bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An atomic gravimeter dynamic measurement method based on Kalman filter
Authors: Huang Chun-Fu , Li An , Qin Fang-Jun , Fang Jie , Chen Xi
Published: September 2022

The atomic gravimeter is an innovative quantum sensor featuring high precision, great sensitivity, and lasting stability. Currently, one research focus is on the combination of the atomic gravimeter with an accelerometer to implement dynamic measurements and gather gravity information in a real-time and highly precise manner. The Kalman filter framework was utilized with gravity and accelerometer drift as its states to observe the outputs of the atomic gravimeter and accelerometer, and the fusion of their data is realized. It can restrain the influence of dynamic vibration noise and obtain high precision gravity information in real time. Moreover, the accelerometer drift was estimated and compensated for, so as to enhance the lasting stability of the system. Laboratory static, swing platform and lake navigation tests were carried out to verify the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed method. As revealed in the static test, the proposed method could effectively inhibit the effect of noise, and enhance the precision of gravity measurement. After making a compensation for drift, the noise coefficients of the accelerometer, including the bias stability (B), acceleration random walk (K), and rate ramp (R) decreased noticeably. The swing platform test further verified the applicability of the proposed method in dynamic conditions. As proved in the lake test, better results were obtained at a maximum velocity of 8.5 km h−1. The gravity from the high-precision strap-down gravimeter on the same boat was taken as the reference, and processed to obtain the residual error of 2.03 ± 7.12 mGal, so that the proposed method was superior to the offline 300 s smooth filter. The proposed method offers a new approach for the study of atomic gravimeter dynamic measurement.
Design of microperforated nanofibrous membrane coated nonwoven structure for acoustic applications
Authors: Shen Jiahui , Lee Heow Pueh , Yan Xiong
Published: September 2022

In this paper, a promising acoustic structure for noise reduction was prepared, in which microperforated nanofibrous resonant membrane together with nonwovens were used. The role of microperforated nanofibrous film, the effect of perforation parameters, cavity and the assembly sequence of the composite fibrous structure on sound absorption performance has been studied. This structure effectively combined the porous sound absorbing, micro-perforated absorbing and membrane resonance mechanisms, which can improve the sound absorbing performance without weight and thickness penalty offering a competitive advantage in noise reduction. In addition, the composite materials exhibited favorable performance in a wide-frequency regime under the condition of appropriate assembly sequence and perforation parameters.
Transparent UHF RFID tags based on CVD-grown graphene films
Authors: Yin Mengqing , Wu Liqiong , Chen Hua , Zhang Xiaohui , Wang Wei , Liu Zhaoping
Published: September 2022

Ultra-high frequency (UHF) radio frequency identification (RFID) tags need to be attached or embedded to objects in various environments to achieve non-contact automatic identification. Graphene shows unique electrical and optical properties, which makes it become a promising material for radio frequency devices. In this paper, the transparent UHF RFID tags were fabricated based on graphene films with different number of stacked layers prepared by chemical vapor deposition (CVD). Through structural design, parameter optimization and experimental measurements, the reading distance of the transparent RFID tags was tested and compared. As the graphene film stacked layers increased, the reading distance of graphene-based RFID tags was farther. The UHF RFID tag based on the CVD-grown graphene with the light transmittance of 88% reached the maximum reading distance of 2.78 m in the frequency range of 860–960 MHz. In addition, the reading distance of graphene-based RFID tags at different bending angles and cycles was measured. The results reveal transparent graphene-based RFID tags have good flexibility and stability and can be used in flexible transparent devices.
Carbon dots derived from frankincense soot for ratiometric and colorimetric detection of lead (II)
Authors: Lisa John Varsha , P M Fasila , K P Chaithra , T P Vinod
Published: September 2022

We report a simple one-pot hydrothermal synthesis of carbon dots from frankincense soot. Carbon dots prepared from frankincense (FI-CDs) have narrow size distribution with an average size of 1.80 nm. FI-CDs emit intense blue fluorescence without additional surface functionalization or modification. A negative surface charge was observed for FI-CDs, indicating the abundance of epoxy, carboxylic acid, and hydroxyl functionalities that accounts for their stability. A theoretical investigation of the FI-CDs attached to oxygen-rich functional groups is incorporated in this study. The characteristics of FI-CDs signify arm-chair orientation, which is confirmed by comparing the indirect bandgap of FI-CDs with the bandgap obtained from Tauc plots. Also, we demonstrate that the FI-CDs are promising fluoroprobes for the ratiometric detection of Pb2+ ions (detection limit of 0.12 μM). The addition of Pb2+ to FI-CD solution quenched the fluorescence intensity, which is observable under illumination by UV light LED chips. We demonstrate a smartphone-assisted quantification of the fluorescence intensity change providing an efficient strategy for the colorimetric sensing of Pb2+ in real-life samples.
Optical measurement of the picosecond fluid mechanics in simple liquids generated by vibrating nanoparticles: a review
Authors: Uthe Brian , Sader John E , Pelton Matthew
Published: September 2022

Standard continuum assumptions commonly used to describe the fluid mechanics of simple liquids have the potential to break down when considering flows at the nanometer scale. Two common assumptions for simple molecular liquids are that (1) they exhibit a Newtonian response, where the viscosity uniquely specifies the linear relationship between the stress and strain rate, and (2) the liquid moves in tandem with the solid at any solid–liquid interface, known as the no-slip condition. However, even simple molecular liquids can exhibit a non-Newtonian, viscoelastic response at the picosecond time scales that are characteristic of the motion of many nanoscale objects; this viscoelasticity arises because these time scales can be comparable to those of molecular relaxation in the liquid. In addition, even liquids that wet solid surfaces can exhibit nanometer-scale slip at those surfaces. It has recently become possible to interrogate the viscoelastic response of simple liquids and associated nanoscale slip using optical measurements of the mechanical vibrations of metal nanoparticles. Plasmon resonances in metal nanoparticles provide strong optical signals that can be accessed by several spectroscopies, most notably ultrafast transient-absorption spectroscopy. These spectroscopies have been used to measure the frequency and damping rate of acoustic oscillations in the nanoparticles, providing quantitative information about mechanical coupling and exchange of mechanical energy between the solid particle and its surrounding liquid. This information, in turn, has been used to elucidate the rheology of viscoelastic simple liquids at the nanoscale in terms of their constitutive relations, taking into account separate viscoelastic responses for both shear and compressible flows. The nanoparticle vibrations have also been used to provide quantitative measurements of slip lengths on the single-nanometer scale. Viscoelasticity has been shown to amplify nanoscale slip, illustrating the interplay between different aspects of the unconventional fluid dynamics of simple liquids at nanometer length scales and picosecond time scales.
AIGCrank: A new adaptive algorithm for identifying a set of influential spreaders in complex networks based on gravity centrality
Authors: Yang Ping-Le , Zhao Lai-Jun , Dong Chen , Xu Gui-Qiong , Zhou Li-Xin
Published: September 2022

The influence maximization problem in complex networks asks to identify a given size of seed spreaders set to maximize the number of expected influenced nodes at the end of the spreading process. This problem finds many practical applications in numerous areas such as information dissemination, epidemic immunity, and viral marketing. However, most existing influence maximization algorithms are limited by the “rich-club” phenomenon and are thus unable to avoid the influence overlap of seed spreaders. This work proposes a novel adaptive algorithm based on a new gravity centrality and a recursive ranking strategy, named AIGCrank, to identify a set of influential seeds. Specifically, the gravity centrality jointly employs the neighborhood, network location and topological structure information of nodes to evaluate each node’s potential of being selected as a seed. We also present a recursive ranking strategy for identifying seed nodes one-by-one. Experimental results show that our algorithm competes very favorably with the state-of-the-art algorithms in terms of influence propagation and coverage redundancy of the seed set.
Physics of tearing mode rotation and slow-down in the RFX-mod tokamak
Authors: Cordaro L. , Zanca P. , Zuin M. , Auriemma F. , Fassina A. , Martines E. , Zaniol B. , Cavazzana R. , De Masi G. , Grenfell G. , Momo B. , Spagnolo S. , Spolaore M. , Vianello N.
Published: September 2022

We present a study of the fast, spontaneous rotation regime of tearing modes (TM) in the RFX-mod circular tokamak discharges. Integrated analyses of magnetic, flow and kinetic measurements, are discussed. This analysis of rotation frequency components related to the ion flow and diamagnetic drift shows that the TM fast rotation is mainly driven by the diamagnetic drift. The global decrease of the temperature profile, induced by a growing mode amplitude, can explain the slowing-down of the rotation, which in turn can trigger a potentially disruptive sequence. We show that in RFX-mod the slowing-down cannot be explained solely on the basis of the electromagnetic torque with the external conductive structures, as often reported in literature from other experiments. This analysis, indeed, suggests a strong relationship between the TM dynamics and the transport physics. Statistical analysis of disruptions with slowing down of island rotation shows that TMs take a part in the disruption, even without a locking to the wall.
Automatic Headlight Intensity Control using Light Dependent Resistor
Authors: Jadhav Ambaji S. , Joshi Vikram , Pawar Rashmi V.
Published: September 2022

For so many years, road accidents have been a huge problem for automobile industries since they must continuously upgrade their vehicles to withstand any type of damages. In this regard, many technologies are invented to reduce the figure of accidents that happen. One of the great reasons for road accident is due to bright headlight of vehicle coming in opposite direction. High beam from the headlight causes a dangerous situation for night driving. It causes temporary blindness for the drivers that may lead to collisions or may hit people passing through the road and lives can be lost. According to the law of “Indian Roads and Transport Council”, low intensity light has to be used always, however in the time of overtaking or other mandatory situations, high beam can be turned on. But due to the driver’s ignorance and since they cannot see the long-range road in low intensity, they always drive with the high intensity light on. Automatic dipper, a circuit which controls the intensity of the head light of vehicle has been designed here. From this automatic dipper system, the intensity of headlight of the vehicle can be automatically controlled and can provide a better visible road using optimization techniques for light condition.
Low Power Analog to Digital Converter for Neuro Stimulator using Cadence Tool
Authors: Banu Sufia , Gupta Shweta
Published: September 2022

A Digital-to-Analog Converter (ADC) converts various forms of communication in the real world to portable digital integers. ADCs play a vital role as it interfaces between the analog world and digital world. Wireless sensor networks and biomedical interfaces are common examples of applications that demand ultra-low power consumption in the ADC. This research paper shows reduction in the energy consumption of an ADC used in neurostimulator which stimulates the brain for the people suffering from various disorders which includes Tumours, Parkinson’s disease, Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD), Epilepsy, and many more. The simulation is carried out by Cadence Virtuoso tool using various technologies.
Optimized 6x6 Optical Router for Three Dimensional Optical Networks-on-Chip
Authors: Jadhav Nathrao B. , Chaudhari Bharat S.
Published: September 2022

The interconnection network is very influential in Multiprocessor system-on-chip (MPSoC) performance. Due to low power efficiency and high latency, conventional interconnects are replaced by electrical networks on-chip (ENoC). However, ENoCs cannot gratify the bandwidth, latency and loss requirements within the available power budget of optical integrated circuits. The reasons being restricted bandwidth, extended delay, and reasonably high power consumption. So, ENoC are being replaced by optical networks-on-chip (ONoC). ONoC has emerged as a promising substitute to provide greater bandwidth, low latency and low power ingestion in MPSoCs. Number of cores required on-chip is increasing which leads to demand of multilayer multi-core processors. Three dimensional (3D) ONoC has become essential for such multilayer multi-core processors. For 3D ONoC, in this paper we have proposed 6x6 non-blocking optical router using micro-ring resonator (MRR) with less number of waveguide crossings and waveguide bendings. Phoenix software is used to simulate proposed optical router. Insertion loss of proposed optical router is lowest among existing non-blocking optical routers of 3D ONoC.
Comparative Analysis of Phasor Estimation Techniques for PMU Applications
Authors: Parthasarathy Hari Krishna Achuthan , Saranathan Madhusudan , Ravi Adhitya , Lavanya M.C. , Rajini V.
Published: September 2022

Phasor Measurement Units (PMU) are valuable sources of data which increase the visibility into several fields of application such as power production, transmission and distribution. With the initial goal of obtaining phasor values at fixed points in the network and syncing it to a standard time frame, the technology has morphed into an all-encompassing unit, which has its uses in the field of protection, control and automation. With the application of these units becoming a standard benchmark, the improvement in the current available units is a huge requirement. This study presents a comprehensive analysis of various techniques that is used for the estimation of phasors.
Robot ARM with Gesture Control
Authors: Nissi Kumar N , Sai Tharun P , Prakash K. , Mythresh L.M.N , Jyoshna Naga
Published: September 2022

The efficiency of work flow is constrained in human-inaccessible regions, such as high radiation exposure un power plants and defenses. The notion for a low-cost microcontroller-based robotic arm is presented in this research. The gesture is controlled by an accelerometer and a microprocessor in this robotic arm. In the field, where there are higher radiation concerns, this arm will assist in activities such as gripping things and wirelessly remote-controlled working of gadgets. The use of 3-D printing of an arm for prosthetic replacements can enhance this process.
Reliability Study of MEMS Resonator: A Review
Authors: Joshi Poorvi K.
Published: September 2022

Reliability study is required for all the industrial applications to understand the behavior and functionality of device with respect to technological, environmental and operational issues. This paper aim to study and analyzed the exiting contribution related to MEMS resonator in order to explore the reliability issues. It also explored the reliability related to packaging, designing and functioning of MEMS resonator. It summarized the analysis of Environmental effect, design parameters, intermolecular forces, varying electrical load and vibrations etc. An approach and methodology for testing and simulation of MEMS resonator in view of reliability analysis is presented.
Comparative Analysis of Single-Phase-Clocked Low Power Flip-Flops with Transmission-Gate Flip-Flop
Authors: Gupta Akhlesh , Rana Ashwani K.
Published: September 2022

Flip-flops are fundamental building block in designing the digital circuits. They contribute significant amount of power consumption in the digital systems. In the modern era of VLSI design, power consumption has become crucial factor. As the technology is scaled down below 65nm, leakage power contributes significantly to overall power consumption of digital circuits. Since, Flip-flop is a fundamental building block in designing digital systems, reducing the power consumption of Flip-flop is required to achieve low power consumption of digital systems. Recently single-phase clocking technique has been employed in designing FFs to achieve low power consumption. This technique reduces excess loading on the clock signal. In this article performance of recent single-phase clocked FFs is compared with the conventional transmission-gate Flip-flop. Also, drawbacks of these FFs are discussed. For the comparison of performance of single-phase-clocked FFs with conventional transmission-gate FF, all the simulations are performed at 45-nm predictive technology on Tanner EDA tool.
Automatic Speed Control System in Speed Zone Areas Using OpenCV
Authors: Pavuluri Tejo Sumanth , Vamsi Krishna T. , Sandeep Naredla , Jaya Abhitej Reddy A. , Samson Mamatha
Published: September 2022

Road accidents near school or hospital zones are all too common in today’s environment. We see a lot of people driving at high speeds under the influence of alcohol or for thrill causing road accidents. So, vehicle speed control must be taken into consideration to avoid casualties due to over speeding. The purpose of this system is to control the speed of the vehicle by recognizing speed sign boards on the roadside with the help of Rasberry Pi board and image processing. The camera is positioned at the front of the vehicle to capture the images of sign boards to process them. The captured images are then compared with the stored images using Python open CV to control the vehicle’s speed in the speed restricted areas. The objective of this project is to reduce the accidents caused due to over speeding.
Damping Analysis in Si Torsional Micromirrors
Authors: Resmi R , Suresh Babu V. , Baiju M. R.
Published: September 2022

Micromirrors are extensively used in MEMS/NEMS based actuators and accordingly the design of superior performance mirror structures are prime requisite in MEMS/NEMS industry. Thermal and viscous damping of a dynamic vibrating micromirror are important factors degrading its performance by inducing energy dissipation. The primary sources of energy losses are viscosity and thermal conduction near the walls of the structure in the acoustic boundary layer. Hence it is necessary to accurately assess the bounds of energy dissipation owing to thermal and viscous damping. In this paper, the depths of the thermal and viscous boundary layers corresponding to thermal conduction and viscous drag at different eigen frequencies are investigated. Both the temperature and pressure distributions surrounding the vibrating micromirror are considered for the analysis. The penetration depths communicate the extent of thermal and viscous boundary layers and clearly indicate the extent of energy loss. In micromirrors, the thickness of boundary layer is a critical parameter since the dissipated energy is mainly distributed in it. The air domain surrounding the micromirror is modelled using thermoacoustics of COMSOL Multiphysics software along with the eigen frequency analysis. In the present study, the thickness of the boundary layers and quality factor are analysed for a micromirror vibrating in torsional mode. The thermal and viscous penetration depths decrease with eigen frequency and hence to develop high quality devices with low damping, the micromirror are verified to be operated at higher frequencies.
Semiconductor Technology based Air Sterilizer (STAS) for Indoor Air in Hospital/Clinic Rooms
Authors: Gopal Pallav Kumar , Shelgaonkar Vaishali Chandrashekhar , Upadhyay Gaurav
Published: September 2022

Since the outbreak covid-19, the exposure of bacteria, fungi, and virus is a hazardous situation in outpatient clinics and hospital wards. Moreover, air pollution is a serious health issue that can impact the individuals differently. The major concern of these health issues is not only the polluted air of outdoor atmosphere but also contaminated air is spread inside the houses in urban as well as rural areas. In this regard, this paper proposes a Semiconductor Technology based Air Sterilizer (STAS) that integrated several layers of filtration, purification, sterilization and air freshening. Proposed STAS device is able to purify indoor pollutants and also lower down the amount of other harmful materials like, formaldehyde, moulds etc. simultaneously it can also kill organic substances and bacilli in air. The results have been tested in a hospital of Ghaziabad and the obtained data aftersterilization showed that the application of semiconductor technology used in STAS significantly reduced the concentration harmful gas particles, bacteria, and fungi in the installed environment and shifted the peak of the size distribution of particulate matter particles into coarser particles.
An Enhanced Control Procedure for that DVR to accomplish both LVRT and HVRT in the DFIG Wind Turbine
Authors: Hemanth T. , Nagesh Kumar G. V. , Rafi Vempalle
Published: September 2022

In general, Double Fed Induction Generator DFIG-driven wind turbines are extremely sensitive to fluctuations in the grid voltage. For enhancing DFIG wind turbines, this paper proposes an improved procedure for controlling Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR) to simultaneously perform both Low Voltage Ride Through (LVRT) and High Voltage Ride Through (HVRT) operations. Consequently, both LVRT and HVRT capabilities are used to increase DFIG performance during grid disturbances. In this study, the Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR) has been presented to enhance the capabilities of LVRT and HVRT. MATLAB simulations show that a proposed strategy works as expected.
Design and Implementation of an Embedded System for Islanding Detection and Control Action in PV Inverter system
Authors: Hake A. G. , Chavan S. B. , Kamat R. K.
Published: September 2022

Many countries utilize hybrid energy systems for power generation. Transmission lines are used to deliver electricity to remote places from a variety of sources. During islanding, power lines are broken or damaged by natural or man-made causes. If not detected, animal life may be endangered. This paper presents anti-islanding technique that can be used to detect and prevent islanding. In this work, a prototype is developed using microcontroller for an anti-islanding PV inverter control system. The system detects islanding and disconnects the load from the source inverter and switches off the inverter. This technique continuously monitors the output power. A sudden drop in output power is indicative of islanding. The system immediately isolates the PV inverter from the output load and switches off all processing devices. A relay is used to isolate the PV inverter from the load. In the system developed here source isolation time is equal to relay switching time.
Multi-Tasking Robot using Microcontroller for Agriculture Application
Authors: Sebastian Vindro Jude P. , Kathirvel C. , VenkateshKumar S. , MohanKumar R.
Published: September 2022

With innovations in every field of our lives, agricultural field also gets impacted by technological innovations on a huge scale. Agriculture is the backbone of India. In order to support this, a multi-functioning robot is required. Smart farming aids in boosting the quality and quantity of the yields. Currently, smart agriculture is implemented to save the manpower and time of work with the help of multitasking robots. This is the advanced booming technology in the agriculture sector. However, certain considerations and approaches should be taken when designing these types of robots, taking into account the agricultural setting in which they will be used. The main aim of this research is to provide smart farming at low cost without compromising on the efficiency of the processes involved. This paper discusses the design procedure and development of an independent multitasking robot that could be applied for agricultural purpose like soil digging, sowing seeds, harvesting as well as irrigation. This robot works on solar energy and will also help in conserving non-renewable energy resources on a large scale thereby contributing towards the sustainability of our planet. With help of technologies, this idea kindles the knowledge in developing more intelligent and smart robots for the agriculture activities.
IoT Based Intelligent Low-Cost Anti-Collision Cum Monitoring System for Fishing Vessel
Authors: Wazarkar Pranav S , Bhurkunde Neel S , Yadav Nitin S , Patil Sajal S , Joshi Poorvi K
Published: September 2022

The collision of fishing vessels is the problem many fishermen face. Due to the lack of a proper system, this problem persists and inevitable danger needs to be solved. Even after detecting the objects that may collide with the ship, the captain may not be able to manoeuvre it to safety. The system proposed here would be able to overtake the control of the motor and the propeller, to slow down the ship. In this paper, an ultrasonic sensor is used to detect objects; and the system alerts the crew of the danger ahead. A DC motor is also used to replicate the operation of the propeller of the ship and emergency braking system. For control and sensing parameters, Arduino Uno is used as the microcontroller. To display the Real-time data on the web, ESP-S01 (8266) module is used. The relative distance of the object is logged on thingspeak through the ESP module. A machine learning model is implemented using Support Vector Machine (SVM) to predict the appropriate direction to avoid collisions, The testing accuracy of the model is 98%. Similarly, the logs and live updates help the port rescue team to help the crew under distress.
Design and implementation of power efficient clock gated dual-port SRAM
Authors: Bhat Mohammad Waqar , Kaartik R , Sowmya K B
Published: September 2022

Synchronous clock gated Dual-port RAM has been designed in this paper. To increase the design’s power, a negative latch-based clock gating approach was used. On Xilinx Vivado ML Edition, the design was implemented on an XC7Z010ICLG225-1L device with a - 1-speed grade and the Zynq-7000 FPGA family. The Verilog HDL was used to create the design. A 2-bit AND gate is used to realize clock gating which takes the clock and enable signal as input thus clock become only high when enable is high which reduces the switching frequency and thus power consumption by the clock is reduced as power is directly proportional to (frequency)2. Apart from clock gating, the SRAM is Dual-Port based, allowing multiple reads or writes to occur simultaneously, or at approximately the same time, unlike single-port RAM, which permits only one access at a given time. The power consumption value of the clock signal with clock gating at 100 GHz is 627.61 mW as compared to power consumption without clock gating which is 1405 mW, at a clock frequency of 100 GHz, a 55 percent reduction in total clock power was achieved. Xilinx Vivado ML Edition’s XPower Analyzer tool was used to calculate the device’s power.
Design and implementation of zeta converter for LED driver applications
Authors: Gnanavadivel J. , Shunmathi M. , Raghul I. , Mani Bharathi R. , Maneesh E.
Published: September 2022

The objective of this study is to analyze the design and operation of low power, stand-alone active led driver applications. The system is powered by solar PV panels with a maximum input power of 125 W. The chosen converter supports continuous conduction mode. The device seems to have a switching frequency of 20 kHz. The duty cycle of a converter is controlled by the MPPT controller, which keeps the dc bus voltage constant. MPPT employs an incremental conductance method. The intention of this converter used to control the voltage at 48 V. The preferred converter is verified in both Matlab/Simulink and its performance is evaluated on hardware prototype of 25 W. While PV module efficiency is low and power output is dependent on solar irradiation and ambient temperature, maximizing power output while increasing efficiency is of key significance. The resulting system is highly efficient, low cost and able to track power faster.
Effective and Efficient Honey Harvest Alert System for Bee Farms
Authors: Albert Raj A. , Kavin  , Jeeva T. , Kiran L.K
Published: September 2022

The technology described in this paper could be used to support the rural people who practice apiculture. The present innovation helps to increase the quality attributes of the honey by automating the process of monitoring the honey broods in order to obtain the first quality honey. The proposed invention continuously monitors the honey brood using the webcam and image processing technique is used to identify the capping level with absolute accuracy. We also monitor the humidity level inside the brood box using the humidity sensor ensuring the quality of honey produced and quality of the environment for the sustaining of bees. Image processing and machine learning is used to identify the level of capping occurred in the beehive and first quality of honey could be extracted if at least 75% of cells of the hive are capped.
Intrusion Detection System using Machine Learning and Microwave Doppler Radar
Authors: Ushasree A , Datta Atluri Shanmukha , Krishna Varikallu Sai , Reddy Pingili Manish , Kumar Rampelly Sanjay
Published: September 2022

A security system is an essential part of a safe home as thefts and intrusions are increasing in recent times; moreover, keeping the home safe is a major concern while being away. This paper proposes an innovative way of security alert system using a microwave doppler radar and integrating it with other peripherals such as camera, alarm, and raspberry pi, implemented using machine learning techniques. The machine learning technique used is the deep neural networks. This structure helps in monitoring the target space while receiving notifications on WhatsApp and Email to improve the security.
Routing Protocols and Security Issues in Vehicular Ad hoc Networks: A Review
Authors: Khanpara Pimal , Bhojak Stuti
Published: September 2022

Vehicular Ad hoc Networks, also known as VANETs, are temporary wireless networks consisting of different types of automobiles as network nodes and the connections among these vehicles as links. VANET is a booming technology that has become quite popular in research, academia, and industry domains. A VANET can be considered as a moving network in which the nodes are automobiles. As VANETs are basically ad hoc networks, they have all the fundamental characteristics of ad hoc networks including computational and storage constraints. A network of VANETs can also be formed to enhance the safety and other services for vehicle drivers. VANETs are proven to be efficient in many real-life scenarios including traffic control and driver assistance. Information communicated through VANETs can definitely help to improve the user driving experience and avoid collisions. This paper discusses various deployment scenarios for VANETs along with the communication requirements and security concerns.
Diabetic Retinopathy Detection Using Automated Segmentation Techniques
Authors: Prabha S. , Sasikumar S. , Leela Manikanta Ch.
Published: September 2022

This paper contains a brief discussion about Diabetic Retinopathy. As the name indicates, it’s a medical complication present in diabetic patients which affects the retina. Diabetic Retinopathy acronymed as DR is a medical circumstance where the high glucose levels in the blood start affecting the blood vessels in the retina. The paper discusses the non-invasive technical method to detect diabetic retinopathy involving various algorithms in every phase of the process. The input fundus images are taken from STARE Database. The methodology conveyed in this paper involves contrast-limited adaptive histogram equalization for noise cancellation purposes and enhancing the base contrast of the image. The Segmentation consists of 2 steps and the first step consists of the Fuzzy C-Means clustering primarily to find the coarse vessels present in the retina. Additionally, the Region-based active contour is used to select the region of interest which is to highlight the blood vessels. As a result, Our proposed segmentation method extracts the blood vessels accurately, resulting in the similarity measure value of 85%. Furthermore, these segmented retinal blood vessels are given as the input to CNN classifiers in order to detect Diabetic Retinopathy. For our proposed method, an overall accuracy to detect DR was 92%. This methodology can be used for mass screening processes in the field of ophthalmology.
Quality of Service Aware Performance Improvement in Wireless Body Area Sensor Networks
Authors: Anoop Ashley , Jariya Nazrin , Ashna Aziz P
Published: September 2022

Modern healthcare quality has been under increasing pressure. Wireless Body Area Networks have enabled better monitoring of health and reduced costs. A wireless body area network comprises miniature sensors that can be worn or implanted to record a person’s health data. The uninterrupted and quick access to a patient’s health status makes it easier for the doctor to diagnose in an emergency. The network uses C.S.M.A/C.A during data transmission. With packet collision and loss being two significant issues, we designed an enhanced algorithm to improve the overall performance and Quality of Service of the Wireless Body Area Networks by introducing aging factors. The algorithm avoids unnecessary long backoff periods and brief backoff periods that lead to performance degradation, improving various Quality of Service parameters like packet reception rate, packets received per node, consumed energy, estimated network lifetime, and packet loss rate.
Dynamic Task Scheduling and Resource Allocation for Microservices in Cloud
Authors: Mugeraya Sanath , Devadkar Kailas
Published: September 2022

With the emergence of new companies and the expansion of the information technology sector, the need for Cloud Computing becomes apparent. Currently, the enterprises are rapidly transitioning from monolithic architecture to microservice-driven architecture. This research study has discovered that all task scheduling algorithms were designed for a specific (set) number of virtual machines, which resulted in the bottleneck problem, where multiple tasks were assigned to the microservice scheduler and the execution time of processing the tasks was significantly increased. Therefore, to address this issue, a novel model was designed based on the number of tasks and accordingly the number of virtual machines were dynamically generated to send the tasks to the microservice scheduler one by one, and the difficulties with execution time were also addressed. The study also discovered that due to the multiple workloads on the microservices, resource allocation becomes extremely difficult. To address this issue, containerized microservices were discovered. Here, the microservices would be distributed in containers. To implement the dynamic work scheduling technique, a cloud microservice translator would be developed, where a user may upload a text file and quickly get it dynamically translated. The main aim of this research work is to improve the task scheduling and resource allocation in microservices.
Detection and Classification of Arrhythmias by Deploying Deep Learning Models
Authors: Padma T , Uday Kiran A , Jahnavi C , Rahul S , Raja Nehaa , Kamal Kumar M
Published: September 2022

Arrhythmias can be detected using an ECG signal, which is an important tool in the healthcare industry. ECG overall variation trends, original variation features, and their relative positions are used to classify arrhythmias according to sphere knowledge and large-scale data analysis. They haven’t been fully explored by being styles. CNN and hybrid CNN-LSTM models are used to address this problem. A LSTM and CNN are used to separate the ECG’s overall variation trends and its unique features. In this project the implemented models are CNN and Hybrid LSTM models to check which model is better in identifying the arrythmias based on the ACC, SEN, and SPE scores. The Accuracy of the CNN model is 74.4 percent, respectively, while the Hybrid-CNN LSTM scores are 83.5 on the MIT-BIH arrhythmias dataset.
Analysis of object detection techniques for bird species identification
Authors: Saxena Saloni , Thorat Sneh , Jain Prachi , Mohanty Rupal , Baraskar Trupti
Published: September 2022

The birdwatching community in India is extensive. Wildlife enthusiasts often face difficulty in identifying a particular bird. There exist, separately, object detection Machine Learning models as well as online directories for manual bird identification, but there is no approach combining the two for easy identification of birds in India. We present a technique that uses object detection algorithms such as Faster R-CNN and YOLOv5 to solve this challenge. Our dataset includes a total of 60 species of birds found in Maharashtra. Furthermore, these methods have been tested on datasets of various sizes to provide a thorough comparison of the two techniques and to better understand their behaviour as the dataset size and classes grow. The YOLOV5 model trained on 100 epochs for 3000 images achieved a mAP score of 0.78 whereas Detectron2 when trained on the same dataset achieved an IOU score of 0.001. These methods have not been tested on a dataset containing birds from peninsular India, particularly Maharashtra. As a result, we intend to extend the dataset and make bird identification easier for birdwatchers.
A Deep Learning based Advanced Gait Detection
Authors: Sumathi S. , Bhuvaneshwari P. , Harikrishnaveni V , Sangami S.A , Shivanee Bhuvaneshwari N.S
Published: September 2022

A gait is a biometric sign that people use to provide visual verification of viewing. Distinctive highlights need more than one movement cycle. In Gait Energy Image (GEI), for example, typical images of a frame with more than one cycle motion are analyzed. The unique stride highlights the required movement of an individual strolling more than one complete walking cycle. For instance, in Gait Energy Image (GEI), normal outline pictures of more than one entire walk cycle are processed. Be that as it may, there may be an incomplete step cycle in which information is accessible due to impediments. This research work has designed and developed a model for implementing stride arrangement and profound learning strategies. A separate walk dataset is used in our trial. The walk marks are removed from the Gait Energy Image (GEI) using the Convolution Neural Network (CNN). The classifier proposed here for grouping human gait postures is Mobile Net. Finally, the proposed methodology is evaluated on the OULP step dataset, affirming that the proposed design effectively reproduces total GEI even from the outrageously deficient walk cycles.
Surface waves propagating along the interface between a parabolic graded-index medium and a self-focusing nonlinear medium: exact analytical solution
Authors: Savotchenko S E
Published: September 2022

The waveguide properties of interface between a parabolic graded-index medium and a self-focusing nonlinear medium are described theoretically. The exact analytical solution to the wave equation with dielectric permittivity dependent on the distance from interface and on the electric field intensity is found. The obtained solution describes the new type of nonlinear surface wave. It is shown that the electric field is localized completely inside the parabolic graded-index layer. The dispersion equation determining explicit dependence of the effective refractive index on the thickness of the parabolic graded-index layer and the change in dielectric constant in it is found in a particular case corresponding to the exotic surface wave propagation. The influence of the optical parameters on the distribution profile of the electric field across is analyzed. The decrease in the field in surface waves with distance from the interface is non-exponential.
Evaluation of computed tomography dose profiler probe for computed tomography dose index and geometric efficiency measurements
Authors: Akhilesh Philomina , Pathan M S , Sharma S D
Published: September 2022

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the performance of solid-state sensor based computed tomography dose profiler (CTDP) probe for measurement of standard computed tomography dose metric CTDI100 and free in air geometric efficiency for various beam widths available in a 128-slice CT scanner and also to estimate the efficiency of CTDI100 metric. The response accuracy of CTDP probe was verified using a standard 100 mm long ionization chamber. The geometric efficiency measurements performed by the CTDP probe were validated using XR-QA2 radiochromic film measurements. The efficiency of CTDI100 metric was assessed by calculating the ratio of CTDI100 measured in the center hole position to CTDI∞ measured in the same position of both head and body phantoms. The weighted CTDI values derived from CTDI100 measured by the CTDP probe showed an average difference of 8% from ionization chamber measured values. The efficiency of CTDI100 metric estimated using CTDP probe and 150 mm long phantoms was in the range of 82% to 86% and 76% to 80% for head and body phantom measurements respectively. The differences in the geometric efficiency values for various beam settings and tube voltages measured by the CTDP probe and films were within 7%. Taken together, the results of this study proved that unlike the 100 mm long ionization chamber, the CTDP probe can be efficiently used to determine CTDI for any length over which dose integration is desired and also measure geometric efficiency of MDCT scanners for various beam widths in helical mode of operation.
IgG and IgM Immunohistochemistry in Primary Biliary Cholangitis (PBC) and Autoimmune Hepatitis (AIH) Liver Explants
Authors: Hsu Maylee , Ju Jennifer Y , Pearson Meredith M , Yu Lei , Swanson Paul E , Yeh Matthew M
Published: September 2022

Objectives

Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) and autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) can be difficult to distinguish in end-stage liver disease. Previous studies have shown that immunoglobulin G (IgG) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) immunostaining can differentiate AIH from PBC in needle core biopsy specimens, and we seek to extend these data to cirrhotic liver explants, in which the histology of AIH or PBC may be indiscernible.

Methods

Clinical data were reviewed for 20 patients with PBC cirrhosis and 16 with AIH cirrhosis. Immunohistochemistry for IgM and IgG was performed on representative blocks of explanted livers. Three high-power fields with the highest concentration of IgG- and IgM-positive plasma cells were counted and compared.

Results

The average number of IgM-positive plasma cells was significantly higher in PBC explants (7.3) than in AIH (1.8) (P = .001). There was no significant difference in the average number of IgG-positive plasma cells in PBC (2.5) and AIH (2.8) (P = .8). The IgG/IgM ratio was more likely to be less than 1.0 in PBC (17/20, 85%) compared with AIH (7/16, 44%) (P = .01).

Conclusions

Our study demonstrates that the absolute number of IgM plasma cells is greater in explants of cirrhotic PBC compared with AIH. These findings may be helpful in the evaluation of cryptogenic cirrhosis.
Systemic Presentation of Somatic TET2 Mutated B-Cell Lymphoma in a Child With Kabuki Syndrome and a Germline KMT2D Variant
Authors: Kumar Jyoti , Alspach Amy E , Zucker Jacob P , Gratzinger Dita
Published: September 2022

Objectives

Kabuki syndrome (KS) is a rare congenital malformation syndrome associated with germline KMT2D mutations. Recurrent somatic mutations in KMT2D have frequently been observed in B-cell lymphoma, but limited studies are available that evaluate the genetic landscape of B-cell lymphomas in the setting of KS.

Methods

We describe a unique case of B-cell lymphoma that illustrates histologic features of pediatric-type follicular lymphoma (FL) in a young patient with KS and autoimmune disease who showed a systemic presentation of widespread lymphadenopathy and clonal lymphocytosis.

Results

We present the first reported case of a young patient with KS harboring a germline KMT2D variant and presenting with a systemic CD10-positive, BCL2-negative B-cell lymphoma of follicle center origin illustrating histologic features of pediatric-type FL. Targeted next-generation sequencing of the B-cell lymphoma showed somatic TET2 and subclonal CXCR4 variants. These findings suggest that abnormal epigenetic regulation caused by alterations in KMT2D and TET2 may have played critical roles in promoting lymphomagenesis in this patient.

Conclusions

This unique case presentation highlights the importance of close clinical monitoring and the value of clinical context in the diagnosis of pediatric FL-like lesions in patients with KS.
Inconsistent Control Status of Office, Home, and Ambulatory Blood Pressure All Taken Using the Same Device: The HI–JAMP Study Baseline Data
Authors: Kario Kazuomi , Hoshide Satoshi , Tomitani Naoko , Nishizawa Masafumi , Yoshida Tetsuro , Kabutoya Tomoyuki , Fujiwara Takeshi , Mizuno Hiroyuki , Narita Keisuke , Komori Takahiro , Ogata Yukiyo , Suzuki Daisuke , Ogoyama Yukako , Ono Akifumi , Yamagiwa Kayo , Abe Yasuhisa , Nakazato Jun , Nakagawa Naoki , Katsuya Tomohiro , Harada Noriko , Kanegae Hiroshi
Published: September 2022

BACKGROUND

Inconsistencies between the office and out-of-office blood pressure (BP) values (described as white-coat hypertension or masked hypertension) may be attributable in part to differences in the BP monitoring devices used.

METHODS

We studied consistency in the classification of BP control (well-controlled BP vs. uncontrolled BP) among office, home, and ambulatory BPs by using a validated “all-in-one” BP monitoring device. In the nationwide, general practitioner-based multicenter HI–JAMP study, 2,322 hypertensive patients treated with antihypertensive drugs underwent office BP measurements and 24-hour ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM), consecutively followed by 5-day home BP monitoring (HBPM), for a total of seven BP measurement days.

RESULTS

Using the thresholds of the JSH2019 and ESC2018 guidelines, the patients with consistent classification of well-controlled status in the office (<140 mmHg) and home systolic BP (SBP) (<135 mmHg) (n = 970) also tended to have well-controlled 24-hour SBP (<130 mmHg) (n = 808, 83.3%). The patients with the consistent classification of uncontrolled status in office and home SBP (n = 579) also tended to have uncontrolled 24-hour SBP (n = 444, 80.9%). Among the patients with inconsistent classifications of office and home BP control (n = 803), 46.1% had inconsistent ABPM-vs.-HBPM out-of-office BP control status. When the 2017 ACC/AHA thresholds were applied as an alternative, the results were essentially the same.

CONCLUSIONS

The combined assessment of the office and home BP is useful in clinical practice. Especially for patients whose office BP classification and home BP classification conflict, the complementary clinical use of both HBPM and ABPM might be recommended.