bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Crisis-planning interventions for people with psychotic illness or bipolar disorder: systematic review and meta-analyses
Authors: Molyneaux Emma , Turner Amelia , Candy Bridget , Landau Sabine , Johnson Sonia , Lloyd-Evans Brynmor
Published: June 2019

Background

Mental health services lack a strong evidence base on the most effective interventions to reduce compulsory admissions. However, some research suggests a positive impact of crisis-planning interventions in which patients are involved in planning for their future care during a mental health crisis.

Aims

This review aimed to synthesise randomised controlled trial (RCT) evidence on the effectiveness of crisis-planning interventions (for example advance statements and joint crisis plans) in reducing rates of compulsory hospital admissions for people with psychotic illness or bipolar disorder, compared with usual care (PROSPERO registration number: CRD42018084808).

Method

Six online databases were searched in October 2018. The primary outcome was compulsory psychiatric admissions and secondary outcomes included other psychiatric admissions, therapeutic alliance, perceived coercion and cost-effectiveness. Bias was assessed using the Cochrane collaboration tool.

Results

The search identified 1428 studies and 5 RCTs were eligible. One study had high risk of bias because of incomplete primary outcome data. Random-effects meta-analysis showed a 25% reduction in compulsory admissions for those receiving crisis-planning interventions compared with usual care (risk ratio 0.75, 95% CI 0.61–0.93, P = 0.008; from five studies). There was no statistical evidence that the intervention reduced the risk of voluntary or combined voluntary and compulsory psychiatric admissions. Few studies assessed other secondary outcomes.

Conclusions

Our meta-analysis suggests that crisis-planning interventions substantially reduce the risk of compulsory admissions among individuals with psychotic illness or bipolar disorder. Despite common components, interventions varied in their content and intensity across the trials. The optimal models and implementation of these interventions require further investigation.

Declaration of interest

E.M., S.L., S.J. and B.L.-E. received funding from the National Institute for Health Research during the conduct of the study.
An Accurate Substitution Method To Minimize Left Censoring Bias in Serum Steroid Measurements
Authors: Handelsman David J , Ly Lam P
Published: June 2019

Hormone assay results below the assay detection limit (DL) can introduce bias into quantitative analysis. Although complex maximum likelihood estimation methods exist, they are not widely used, whereas simple substitution methods are often used ad hoc to replace the undetectable (UD) results with numeric values to facilitate data analysis with the full data set. However, the bias of substitution methods for steroid measurements is not reported. Using a large data set (n = 2896) of serum testosterone (T), DHT, estradiol (E2) concentrations from healthy men, we created modified data sets with increasing proportions of UD samples (≤40%) to which we applied five different substitution methods (deleting UD samples as missing and substituting UD sample with DL, DL/√2, DL/2, or 0) to calculate univariate descriptive statistics (mean, SD) or bivariate correlations. For all three steroids and for univariate as well as bivariate statistics, bias increased progressively with increasing proportion of UD samples. Bias was worst when UD samples were deleted or substituted with 0 and least when UD samples were substituted with DL/√2, whereas the other methods (DL or DL/2) displayed intermediate bias. Similar findings were replicated in randomly drawn small subsets of 25, 50, and 100. Hence, we propose that in steroid hormone data with ≤40% UD samples, substituting UD with DL/√2 is a simple, versatile, and reasonably accurate method to minimize left censoring bias, allowing for data analysis with the full data set.
Dust and Roses
Authors: Mieszkowski Jan
Published: June 2019

Tracing a trajectory of literary and philosophical texts from the ancient atomists to the late twentieth century, this essay explores the surprisingly consistent role that dust has played in the conceptualization of language. In Lucretius, Sophocles, and the New Testament, dust is as much a standard of representation as it is one object of representation among others. In the most extreme case, it becomes the defining medium of inscription. In Paul Celan’s work, the attempt to articulate a rhetoric of negation that will put language on something other than a dusty footing comes perilously close to demonstrating that all verse unfolds under the aegis of the word dust. The essay closes by suggesting that Jorie Graham’s poetry offers a new perspective on what it would mean to read the surface of a text, particularly when that text is dusty.
Queer Procreation
Authors: Pahl Katrin
Published: June 2019

At the intersection of two fields of inquiry that are highly imaginative and seek real change—the study of human-plant relations and the even less charted study of queer procreation—this article explores queer ways of procreating that humans may learn from plants. In particular, stolon (runner) formation and grafting are considered here because they are vegetal forms of procreation that are not rooted in sexual difference and create collective life forms that are based on dividuality rather than individuality. Both characteristics are mobilized for a queer imagination. Analyzing two plays by Heinrich von Kleist—the comedy Amphitryon (1807) and the tragedy Penthesilea (1808)—the article argues that Amphitryon’s servant, Sosias, multiplies by way of stolons and that the Amazons in Penthesilea are grafted creatures with an ongoing desire to form new grafts. The analysis draws on Gilles Deleuze’s theory of masochism to shift attention away from genital intercourse while sexualizing what in biology is called asexual.
Tau interacts with SHP2 in neuronal systems and in Alzheimer's disease brains
Authors: Kim Yohan , Liu Guanghao , Leugers Chad J. , Mueller Joseph D. , Francis Meghan B. , Hefti Marco M. , Schneider Julie A. , Lee Gloria
Published: June 2019

Microtubule-associated protein tau, an integral component of neurofibrillary tangles, interacts with a variety of signaling molecules. Previously, our laboratory reported that nerve growth factor (NGF)-induced MAPK activation in a PC12-derived cell line was potentiated by tau, with phosphorylation at T231 being required. Therefore, we sought to identify a signaling molecule involved in the NGF-induced Ras-MAPK pathway that interacted with phospho-T231-tau. Here, we report that the protein tyrosine phosphatase SHP2 (also known as PTPN11) interacted with tau, with phospho-T231 significantly enhancing the interaction. By using proximity ligation assays, we found that endogenous tau–SHP2 complexes were present in neuronal cells, where the number of tau–SHP2 complexes significantly increased when the cells were treated with NGF, with phosphorylation at T231 being required for the increase. The interaction did not require microtubule association, and an association between tau and activated SHP2 was also found. Tau–SHP2 complexes were also found in both primary mouse hippocampal cultures and adult mouse brain. Finally, SHP2 levels were upregulated in samples from patients with mild and severe Alzheimer's disease (AD), and the level of tau–SHP2 complexes were increased in AD patient samples. These findings strongly suggest a role for the tau–SHP2 interaction in NGF-stimulated neuronal development and in AD.

This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
Many Shades of bhakti: A Devoted Second Wife and Self-decapitated Bhairava
Authors: Ewa Dębicka-Borek
Published: June 2019

The aim of this paper is to discuss the usage of two bhakti-related metaphors intended to represent self-surrender: the metaphor of marriage and the metaphor of self-decapitation. The explored narratives—one about Narasiṃha marrying Ceñcatā (a Ceñcū huntress) and the other about Bhairava who cuts off his own head for the sake of Narasiṃha—are connected to the Śrīvaiṣṇava center of Narasiṃha worship in Ahōbilam. As I will try to demonstrate, even though both served to convey the message about Narasiṃha’s final acceptance of strangers who loved him unconditionally, the employment of different symbolism may point to the fact that each of these tales originated in different circles, which, although linked to Ahōbilam, at the outset were occupied with different matters and interested in different targets: Vijayanagara rulers who supported the site to extend the kingdom’s boundaries and local temple priests eager to increase the number of pilgrims.
The Reformulation of the svātantryavāda and ābhāsavāda in the Doctrinal Teachings of the Tripurārahasya
Authors: Silvia Schwarz Linder
Published: June 2019

The aim of this article is to discuss a specific element of the teachings of the Tripurārahasya (TR), a Sanskrit work of South Indian origin, possibly composed between the 12th and 15th centuries and associated with the Tantric Śākta religious tradition of the Śrīvidyā. The element in question is the reformulation, to be found in the TR, of the Pratyabhijñā twofold doctrine known as svātantryavāda and ābhāsavāda. According to this doctrine, characterized by a realistic idealism, the divine luminous Consciousness, by Her sovereign freedom (svātantrya), manifests the world, which appears as a reflection (ābhāsa, pratibimba) in the mirror of Her own self. Scrutiny of the relevant passages from the TR, in the light of some extracts from the works of the authors of the Pratyabhijñā, makes it possible, on the one hand, to highlight the main features of this doctrine as it was recast in the TR, and, on the other, to put forward explanations for the inconsistencies detectable in the text of the TR, which may be ascribed to the influence of the illusionism of the Yoga-Vāsiṣṭha.
News Analysis
Authors: McAlees Melissa
Published: June 2019

It has been clear for some time now that the social care system is failing. A recent report by Age UK sheds more light on this and points out regional differences in care provision.
Avoiding unfair dismissals linked to redundancy
Authors: Themistocleous Chloe
Published: June 2019

When a care home ceases certain activities or reduces its scale, redundancies may be on the horizon. It is, however, important to follow the right procedures, as failure to do so can lead to claims of unfair dismissal. Chloe Themistocleous advises.
A new species of Bonfilsus Scherer 1967 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Alticini) from the Dominican Republic

Authors: MICHELI ANNETTE Y. , KONSTANTINOV ALEXANDER S.
Published: June 2019

A new species of previously monotypic genus of flea beetles (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Alticini), Bonfilsus Scherer 1967, is described from the Dominican Republic. This is the first record of Bonfilsus from the island of Hispaniola. The new species is compared to the only known species of the genus [B. subpubenscens (Bechyne)] and its distinguishing features as well as other morphological characters are illustrated and described.
Biological analysis of flexor tendon repair-failure stump tissue: a potential recycling of tissue for tendon regeneration
Authors: Lu C-C. , Zhang T. , Reisdorf R. L. , Amadio P. C. , An K-N. , Moran S. L. , Gingery A. , Zhao C.
Published: June 2019

Objectives

Re-rupture is common after primary flexor tendon repair. Characterization of the biological changes in the ruptured tendon stumps would be helpful, not only to understand the biological responses to the failed tendon repair, but also to investigate if the tendon stumps could be used as a recycling biomaterial for tendon regeneration in the secondary grafting surgery.

Methods

A canine flexor tendon repair and failure model was used. Following six weeks of repair failure, the tendon stumps were analyzed and characterized as isolated tendon-derived stem cells (TDSCs).

Results

Failed-repair stump tissue showed cellular accumulation of crumpled and disoriented collagen fibres. Compared with normal tendon, stump tissue had significantly higher gene expression of collagens I and III, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), and insulin-like growth factor (IGF). The stump TDSCs presented both mesenchymal stem and haematopoietic cell markers with significantly increased expression of CD34, CD44, and CD90 markers. Stump TDSCs exhibited similar migration but a lower proliferation rate, as well as similar osteogenic differentiation but a lower chondrogenic/adipogenic differentiation capability, compared with normal TDSCs. Stump TDSCs also showed increasing levels of SRY-box 2 (Sox2), octamer-binding transcription factor 4 (Oct4), tenomodulin (TNMD), and scleraxis (Scx) protein and gene expression.

Conclusion

We found that a failed repair stump had increased cellularity that preserved both mesenchymal and haematopoietic stem cell characteristics, with higher collagen synthesis, MMP, and growth factor gene expression. This study provides evidence that tendon stump tissue has regenerative potential. Cite this article: C-C. Lu, T. Zhang, R. L. Reisdorf, P. C. Amadio, K-N. An, S. L. Moran, A. Gingery, C. Zhao. Biological analysis of flexor tendon repair-failure stump tissue: A potential recycling of tissue for tendon regeneration. Bone Joint Res 2019;8:232–245. DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.86.BJR-2018-0239.R1.
Short Communication: Herpetofauna diversity, potential ecotourism in Mount Galunggung, West Java, Indonesia
Authors: RIYANTO AWAL , SULAEMAN TAUFAN NURZAMAN , RACHMAN NUR , CHAIDIR DIKI MUHAMAD , TRILAKSONO WAHYU , FARAJALLAH ACHMAD
Published: June 2019

Abstract. Riyanto A, Sulaeman TN, Rachman N, Chaidir DM, Trilaksono W, Farajallah A. 2019. Short Communication: Herpetofauna diversity, potential ecotourism in Mount Galunggung, West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 1173-1179. Here we provide a list of herpetofauna at Mount Galunggung, West Java, Indonesia as potential biodiversity for ecotourism. Data were collected from our observations in March 2013 and November 2018 using visual and acoustic encounter search methods in the three zones  (hot springs, craters, and foothills) on the nature tourism destination of the mount. We revealed 35 species of herpetofauna and their local distribution on these zones. Even though the diversity of herpetofauna has not been observed completely, we suggested that the biodiversity data from this zone should be used as the basic capital in turning nature tourism base into ecotourism base, so that it would provide more benefits to biodiversity conservation itself and to the local community.
Population and ecological study of agarwood producing tree (Gyrinops versteegii) in Manggarai District, Flores Island, Indonesia
Authors: RINDYASTUTI RIDESTI , YULISTYARINI TITUT , DARMAYANTI AGUNG SRI
Published: June 2019

Abstract. Rindyastuti R, Yulistyarini T, Darmayanti AS. 2019. Population and ecological study of agarwood producing tree (Gyrinops versteegii) in Manggarai District, Flores Island, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 1180-1191. Gyrinops versteegii (Gilg) Domke is one of very important tree species listed in Appendix II CITES because of its economical value as a source of agarwood. Since this commodity has been harvested in a significant volume, the natural population of G. versteegii is continuously decreasing in size. A remnant forest of Pongkor is one of fragmented habitat of G. versteegii in the rest of other land use for rice farming in Flores Island. The purpose of this study were to investigate the population structure and importance value rank of G. versteegii among plant species in Pongkor Community Forest. A semi-purposive random sampling were used in this study to investigate the population of G. versteegii in Pongkor, Manggarai District. The result showed that G. versteegii in Pongkor Community Forest was abundant, especially in seedlings stage. G. versteegii were found in four stratas i.e., trees, poles, saplings and seedlings with densities of 6, 4, 15 and 23 plants ha-1, respectively. Seedlings of G. versteegii were abundant while larger plants were rare. Moreover, G. versteegii has scattered distribution and the highest important values (IVI) for trees, poles and saplings stratas, with IVI of 17.42, 25.75 and 44.42, respectively, while among the ground covers, G. versteegii ranked 22nd with an important value of 2.32. The abundant seedlings and the availability of adult trees as reproductive stages in the population of G. versteegii designated that population of G. versteegii in Pongkor could serve as a potential source of seed and young trees for plant enrichments in natural habitats and sustainable plantation in Manggarai District, Flores Island.
Diversity and characteristics of mangrove vegetation in Pulau Rimau Protection Forest, Banyuasin District, South Sumatra, Indonesia
Authors: YULIANA ERNIK , HEWINDATI YUNI TRI , WINATA ADI , DJATMIKO WIBOWO A , RAHADIATI ATI
Published: June 2019

Abstract. Yuliana E, Hewindati YT, Winata A, Djatmiko WA, Rahadiati A. 2019. Diversity and characteristics of mangrove vegetation in Pulau Rimau Protection Forest, Banyuasin District, South Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 1215-1221. The purpose of the study was to analyze the flora diversity and characteristics of mangrove vegetation in Pulau Rimau Protection Forest, Banyuasin District, South Sumatra. Data collected were the number and girth diameter of mangrove tree species, and aquatic ecology parameters using transect method. The sample plots size were 2m×2 m; 5m×5 m; 10m×10 m; for seedling, sapling, and tree, respectively. The observation plots were arranged in a row of 120 m length on two sides of the forest edge, namely Calik Riverbank and Banyuasin Riverbank. Data were analyzed using importance value index (IVI), Simpson’s diversity index and Sørensen’s community similarity. The study revealed that there were differences in mangrove characteristics in two study sites. There were 57 plant species identified inside and outside sample plots, but only 15 species (26.32%) among them were categorized as true mangrove species. Inside the sample plots, there were 11 and 10 mangrove tree species recorded on the Calik Riverbank and Banyuasin Riverbank, respectively, but only 7 species among them were found in both sites. The mangroves on Calik Riverbank were dominated by Nypa (IVI 53.59%) and Bruguiera (51.12%), while those on Banyuasin Riverbank were dominated by Sonneratia (66.91%) and Avicennia (51.73%). The Simpson’s diversity index for Calik Riverbank and Banyuasin Riverbank was 0.82 and 0.78, respectively, whereas the Sørensen’s coefficient of community between the two sites was 0.67.
Growth parameter, mortality, recruitment pattern, and exploitation rate of white shrimp Penaeus indicus in northern coastal waters of Western Central Java, Indonesia
Authors: SAPUTRA SURADI WIJAYA , SOLICHIN ANHAR , TAUFANI WIWIET TEGUH , RUDIYANTI SITI , WIDYORINI NINIEK
Published: June 2019

Abstract. Saputra SW, Solichin A, Taufani WT, Rudiyanti S, Widyorini N. 2019. Growth parameter, mortality, recruitment pattern, and exploitation rate of white shrimp Penaeus indicus on the northern coast of Central Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 1318-1324. The aims of this study were to know the growth parameters, first lenght captured (Lc), mortality, recruitment pattern, and the exploitation rate of white shrimp (Penaeus indicus H.Milne Edwards, 1837) in the Western Coastal North Central Java Sea, Indonesia. Samples were collected from May 2016 to July 2017 using survey method and direct observations on fishing unit areas. The results showed that the relationship of the carapace length and weight is allometric. Based on the estimates of von Bertalanffy growth equation to the carapace length, the growth parameters of CL∞ and K values in male were 37 mm and 0.97, while in female were 38.5 mm and 0.85. While, the rates of total mortality (Z), natural mortality (M), and fishing mortality (F) were 3.5, 1.67, and 1.84 for males, and 5.03, 1.51, and 3.52 for females, respectively. The exploitation rate (E) of male shrimp was 0.52 and of female was 0.7 indicating that female shrimp get higher capture pressure than the males. It also showed that the rate of exploitation has to exceed the optimum sustainable yield (E>0.5). Time recruitment occurred throughout the year, with two peak seasons, i.e., in April-June and September-November. Moreover, the length of the carapace during recruitment was 15-20 mm. While the carapace length of the first caught (CL∞50) was 18.3 mm for male and 17.6 mm for female indicating that the P. indicus caught was still in the small size, as well as below the first mature gonad (CLm50 = 22-39 mm). This is because the mesh size of cod-end is 0.75 inches or about 2 cm.
Effect of phytoremediation on the morpho-anatomical characters of some aquatic macrophytes
Authors: NAPALDET JONES T , BUOT INOCENCIO Jr E , ZAFARALLA MACRINA T , LIT IRENEO Jr. L , SOTTO RACHEL C
Published: June 2019

Abstract. Napaldet JT, Buot Jr. IE, Zafaralla MT, Lit Jr. IL, Sotto RC. 2019. Effect of phytoremediation on the morpho-anatomical characters of some aquatic macrophytes. Biodiversitas 20: 1289-1302. In constructed wetland studies, the effect of pollutants or the phytoremediation set-up on aquatic macrophytes is often not investigated. This literature gap may prove useful in realizing the full phytoremediation potential of aquatic macrophytes. This study was conducted to examine the effect of phytoremediation, the set-up, and the pollutants, on the morpho-anatomical characters of aquatic macrophytes used in the constructed wetlands. This was investigated in Amaranthus spinosus, Eichhornia crassipes, Eleusine indica, and Pennisetum purpureum. Simultaneously, interesting anatomical features in the aquatic macrophytes were discovered. Anomalous secondary growth was discovered in roots and stems of A. spinosus while isobilateral anatomy of the leaf with two layers of vascular bundles and two palisade layers under each epidermis were noted in E. crassipes. The anatomy of P. purpureum was also first reported here. Results showed that the response of the aquatic macrophytes toward phytoremediation treatments was species-specific. E. indica and P. purpureum were the ones significantly affected by the phytoremediation treatment in contrasting ways. E. indica under phytoremediation suffered significantly lower growth rate than those in the uncontaminated site which could be attributed to the inability of its relatively short root system to tap into the water and nutrients. On the other hand, P. purpureum exhibited higher biomass and growth rate under phytoremediation treatment which is primarily due to the water pollutants absorbed as nutrients by the plant. There were no structural differences observed in the anatomy of the aquatic macrophytes between sampling sites except in E. indica. The root’s cortex in samples under phytoremediation has no aerenchyma while this is present in uncontaminated site and Balili River samples. This shows that, indeed, some aquatic macrophytes were significantly affected (p=0.00) by phytoremediation that should be taken in consideration when planning and designing constructed wetlands.
Niche partitioning on Sumatran Elephant (Elephas maximus sumatranus) and human in space and resources in Riau, Indonesia
Authors: SUKMANTORO YOHANES WISNU , ALIKODRA HADI SUKADI , KARTONO AGUS PRIJONO , EFRANSJAH EFRANSJAH
Published: June 2019

Abstract. Sukmantoro YW, Alikodra HS, Kartono AP, Efransjah. 2019. Niche partitioning on Sumatran Elephant (Elephas maximus sumatranus) and human in space and resources in Riau, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 1362-1373. Research on elephant and human niches at Balai Raja and Tesso Nilo have been done for 6 years (2012-2017). The study was conducted by recording the distribution of elephants and communities. The distribution of elephants was identified through an installed GPS Collar in 3 groups of elephants (Butet, Angelina and Desma) since 2012. In 2016, data collection of resources was done through OLI 8+ Landsat imagery and records from the field. From the results of the study, elephants (Desma, Angelina and Butet groups) and humans have significantly different niches in space, but in terms of resources, all three elephant groups are almost the same to use them. In the context of niche partitioning of resources, Desma group used more thenatural forest, swamp and wasteland areas than the communities. InTesso Nilo, elephants groups used more open land than the communities.The overlapping between elephant and human creates human-elephant conflicts. For this reason, strengthening the niche partitioning strategy in space and resources can be a solution to conflict reduction. In addition, if elephants with humans are forced to live in the same space and resources, they develop strategies of neutralism or coexistence. For the community, converting plant commodities in the direction of an elephant's dislike (still of economic value) can reduce losses for the community and create a non-disturbing relationship between elephant and human. Examples of what the community has done are cassava cultivation and timber industry concession strategy in planting Acacia which is relatively not detrimental to the company even though the plant is damaged by an elephant.
Using the modern morphometric approach to determine sexual dimorphism of three medically important flies (Order: Diptera) in Thailand
Authors: CHAIPHONGPACHARA TANAWAT , LAOJUN SEDTHAPONG
Published: June 2019

Abstract. Chaiphongpachara T, Laojun S. 2019. Using the modern morphometric approach to determine sexual dimorphism of three medically important flies (Order: Diptera) in Thailand. Biodiversitas 20: 1482-1486.  This study assessed landmark-based geometric morphometric (GM) approach to determine sexual dimorphism of three medically important flies in Thailand, Chrysomya megacephala (Fabricius), Musca domestica (Linnaeus) and Boettcherisca nathani (Lopes). In the wing size analysis, the centroid size (CS) was computed to estimate the wing size. During wing shape analysis, shape variables were analyzed from principal components of partial warp scores calculated after generalized procrustes analysis of coordinates. Non-parametric permutation-based tests (1000 cycles) were used (after Bonferroni correction) at p < 0.05 for statistical comparisons of sizes and shapes between males and females in each fly species. The results of this study, analysis of wing size for sexual dimorphism based on wing CS did not find statistical differences in flies of any type (p > 0.05). However, not the size, the shape of the wings is a common factor used in identification of sexual dimorphism. The wing shape in all species was different between male and female sexes. These results have shown that the GM approach was effective in identifying the sexual dimorphism of C. megacephala, M. domestica and B. nathani, which is one way to help with sex differentiation in cases of incomplete specimens that cannot be classified by morphological methods.
Geometric morphometry of pupae to identify four medically important flies (Order: Diptera) in Thailand
Authors: CHAIPHONGPACHARA TANAWAT , TUBSAMUT PATCHARAPRON
Published: June 2019

Abstract. Chaiphongpachara T, Tubsamut P. 2019. Geometric morphometry of pupae to identify four medically important flies (Order: Diptera) in Thailand. Biodiversitas 20: 1504-1509. In this study, we evaluated an outline-based geometric morphometric (GM) approach for species identification from pupae of four common flies medically important in Thailand, Chrysomya megacephala, Lucilia cuprina, Musca domestica, and Boettcherisca nathani. For size estimation, mean perimeter length was used. For shape analysis, Elliptic Fourier Analysis was performed to produce the contour shape variables, which was calculated as Normalised Elliptic Fourier coefficients. Then, principal component analysis was performed on the Normalized Fourier coefficients for discriminant analysis, and used to estimate pupal shape variation among the species. The difference in size and shape between the fly species was analyzed using a non-parametric test based on 1000 permutations after Bonferroni correction for the significance level (p < 0.05). In the size analysis, the mean perimeter length for pupae of B. nathani was the largest (20.35 mm) followed by C. megacephala (14.73 mm), while that for M. domestica was the smallest (11.82 mm). The size differences were statistically significant between all species (p < 0.05). The contour shapes of all pupae were significantly different among all species. The results of this study can be used as a basis for the future application of GM to identify other types of flies via their pupae.
Short Communication: Growth rate of Acropora muricata coral fragments transplanted on dome-shaped concrete artificial reef with different composition
Authors: MUZAKI FARID KAMAL , HANIFA RISKHA , AKHWADY RUDHY , SAPTARINI DIAN , BUHARIANTO BUHARIANTO
Published: June 2019

Abstract. Artificial reefs are artificial habitats laid in waters by mimicking some of the characteristics of natural reefs; and could be made of different materials, one of which is concrete. Seashell waste and stone ash could be added as an alternative material to the concrete for artificial reefs. The purpose of this research is to access the growth rate of Acropora muricata coral fragments transplanted on the hollow dome-shaped concrete with three different compositions: C1), conventional concrete, composed by a mixture of Portland cement, sand, and gravel (composition was 1:3:2); C2), a mixture of Portland cement, sand and crushed bivalve's shells (composition was 1:3:2); and C3), a mixture of Portland cement, stone waste (stone dust), sand and crushed bivalve's shells (composition was 1:3:3:2). Observation of coral fragment growth was conducted underwater by Scuba diving for 6 months with observed parameters were fragment length, colony diameter and number of branching. The highest rate of fragment lengthening of A. muricata coral fragment was at C2 (1.019±0.081 cm/month) and C1 (1.014±0.076 cm/ month). The highest colony diameter increment was also in C2 (1.903±0.212 cm/month) and C1 (1.856±0.219 cm/month); while largest number of branches was also in C2 (13.31 or 2.21 branch/month) and C1 (12.56 or 2.09 branch/month), respectively. Based on one-way ANOVA and Tukey's HSD test (p = 0.05), there is no significant difference in fragment lengthening and colony diameter in C1 and C2 model, yet differed significantly with C3 model.
Enumeration of Hoya species in Mindanao Island, Philippines: Conservation concerns
Authors: OBENA REN DIVIEN R. , BUOT INOCENCIO Jr E
Published: June 2019

Abstract. Obeña RDR, Buot JrIE. 2019. Enumeration of Hoya species in Mindanao Island, Philippines: Conservation concerns. Biodiversitas 20: 1699-1707.  Unknown resources are difficult to utilize. Hence, an extensive study of literature was carried out to determine the Hoya species found in Mindanao, Philippines. The main purpose of the study was to know the Hoya resources in Mindanao, an area which is not exempted to extensive forest degradation. Many of these Hoya species are endemic and vulnerable to extinction. A total of 33 Hoya species which are epiphytes on trees had been recorded in Mindanao. Three species in the area were classified as endangered based on the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) list of threatened species (DAO 2007-01), while one species is classified as vulnerable based on DAO 2017-11. For the past years, forest cover in the Philippines has been continuously declining. This scenario can negatively affect the population of Hoya since the forest serves as a habitat for these species. Protection of the forest land in Mindanao can serve as a conservation strategy of the Hoya species.
Arthropod community at different altitudes in Gunung Halimun-Salak National Park, Western Java, Indonesia
Authors: HANEDA NOOR FARIKHAH , HILWAN IWAN , IRFANI EWI
Published: June 2019

Abstract. Haneda NF, Hilwan I, Irfani E. 2019. Arthropod community at different altitudes in Gunung Halimun-Salak National Park, Western Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 1735-1742. Gunung Halimun Salak National Park (GHSNP) stores high biodiversity both from its flora and fauna. Parts of the diversity that have not been widely explored are soil arthropods at different altitudes. The aim of this study was to analyze soil arthropod community and the correlation between the attributes of soil arthropods and the environmental factors. The soil arthropods were collected using pitfall traps, placed in several altitudes, i.e., 500 m, 700 m, 900 m, 1100 m, 1300 m, 1500 m, and 1700 m . The attributes of community and environmental parameters were analyzed using Pearson correlation and principal component analysis. The result showed that family Formicidae dominated the soil arthropod community. The diversity of arthropods increased with increasing altitudes. The habitat at the altitudes of 1500 m, 1300 m and 1100 m had a dense canopy, thick litter and high total N and organic C. There was positive correlation between the attributes of soil arthropod community and environment variables.
Antibacterial efficacy of Moringa oleifera leaf extract against pyogenic bacteria isolated from a dromedary camel (Camelus dromedarius) abscess
Authors: Fouad Ehab Ali , Abu Elnaga Azza S. M. , Kandil Mai M.
Published: June 2019

Background: Abscess in camel is one of the most important bacterial infections. It causes anemia and emaciation, resulting in an economic loss due to carcass condemnation and a decrease in reproductive and production efficiency. Aim: This investigation aimed to isolate the bacteria from abscesses in camels and evaluate the antibacterial activity of Moringa oleifera extracts. Materials and Methods: Disk diffusion method and minimum inhibitory concentration were used for the evaluation of the antibacterial activity of M. oleifera extracts against isolated bacteria from camel abscesses. Results: The isolated bacteria were displayed relatively as follows: Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis (30.4%), Staphylococcus aureus (25.8%), Escherichia coli (17.8%), Corynebacterium ulcerans (10.5%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (8.5%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (8.5%), Micrococcus spp. (6.7%), Proteus vulgaris (5.2%), Citrobacter spp. (4.2%), and Staphylococcus epidermidis (1.7%). The drugs of choice for Corynebacterium isolates were ciprofloxacin and trimethoprim/ sulfamethoxazole, whereas amikacin, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, neomycin, novobiocin, streptomycin, and vancomycin were for Staphylococcus isolates. Moreover, the ethanol extracts of M. oleifera showed higher antibacterial efficacy than the cold aqueous extracts. Conclusion: M. oleifera is considered one of the new infection-fighting strategies in controlling pyogenic bacteria responsible for camel abscesses.
Las fronteras del neoextractivismo en América Latina
Authors: Svampa Maristella
Published: June 2019

El presente libro analiza el avance del neoextractivismo en América Latina a través de cuatro núcleos fundamentales: el primero propone las categorías de neoextractivismo y de Consenso de los Commodities como ventanas privilegiadas para leer la crisis actual; el segundo analiza las fases del neoextractivismo desde 2003 hasta la actualidad; el tercero aborda las resistencias sociales y las nuevas gramáticas políticas desde el concepto del giro ecoterritorial, y resalta el avance de los pueblos indígenas y el protagonismo creciente de las mujeres; y el cuarto ilustra la expansión de las fronteras del extractivismo: territorialidades criminales, violencia patriarcal y energías extremas.
Integrität und Verantwortung
Authors: Bushart Barbara
Published: June 2019

Der Totalitarismus wollte den Menschen auf ein Gattungswesen reduzieren. Hannah Arendts politische Theorie hingegen basiert auf einem Verständnis vom Menschen als Person, der sich im Handeln und Sprechen in seiner Einmaligkeit enthüllt und zusammen mit anderen eine gemeinsame Welt schafft. Barbara Bushart legt in ihrer rechtstheoretischen Untersuchung dar, wie Rechtsdogmen und -techniken die Pluralität sowohl zu realisieren helfen als auch zu zerstören wissen. Die Fokussierung auf die Interdependenz von Recht und der Verwirklichung menschlicher Potenziale ergänzt dabei die wachsende Forschung zum Arendt'schen Rechtsverständnis um eine bisher vernachlässigte Facette.
Convergência de renda e seus determinantes: uma ênfase na qualidade e na quantidade do capital humano dos municípios brasileiros
Authors: Honesko Joana Darc Kampa Pelinski , Raiher Augusta Pelinski
Published: June 2019

Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar o efeito do capital humano – tanto quantitativo como qualitativo – no processo de crescimento da renda per capita dos municípios brasileiros nos anos 2000, testando a hipótese de convergência de renda. Para isso, além de se construir uma proxy quantitativa para o capital humano (escolaridade média do trabalhador), ponderou-a pela qualidade, média do IDH (Índice de Desenvolvimento Humano) longevidade com o IDH conhecimento. Na sequência, por meio da econometria espacial, testou-se os impactos da qualidade e da quantidade de capital humano no crescimento da renda per capita dos municípios brasileiros, reestimando para grupos de municípios (Norte/Nordeste versus Sul/Sudeste/Centro-Oeste). Como corolário, aqueles municípios que detinham uma renda menor no período inicial tenderam a ter um ritmo de crescimento subsequente maior, relação que se apresentou mais intensa quando se usou a qualidade como medida do capital humano. Ao mesmo tempo, a dinâmica do crescimento econômico tendeu a ser mais intensa quanto maior o estoque qualitativo e quantitativo do capital humano.
Retrospectiva histórica del análisis económico del Derecho (II): desde sus orígenes hasta nuestros días
Authors: Bernard Mainar Rafael
Published: June 2019

La influencia de la economía en el comportamiento humano evidencia la conexión de la economía, la política y el derecho. Si a ello añadimos la existencia de unos recursos escasos junto a la necesidad de maximizar los resultados, encontramos el caldo de cultivo del análisis económico del derecho (AED), un movimiento que aplica técnicas y principios económicos en el estudio de los problemas jurídicos.A partir de sus postulados podemos concluir que el derecho no puede ser entendido desde una perspectiva exclusivamente jurídica, y la eficiencia constituye un criterio prevalente que determina la noción misma de justicia.Tras unos antecedentes más remotos (Locke, Smith, Bentham, Beccaría, Marx, Wagner, Weber, y Commons), seguirán la estela iniciada Walras, Pareto, o Buchanan. Sus representantes más connotados proceden de la economía y del derecho, entre los cuales podemos destacar autores como Becker, Coase, Calabresi y Posner, cuyo aporte al AED centrará nuestro estudio.
Desmontando la fortaleza (rosa) europea: un análisis crítico sobre la política de asilo y refugio por motivos de orientación sexual
Authors: Moreno Ríos Sergio
Published: June 2019

La asociación de la homofobia con la inmigración, el asilo y el refugio, ha venido a gestar una política homonacionalista que brota como una instrumentalización de la ciudadanía no heterosexual y la homofobia que ésta padece. Al mismo tiempo, se ha venido a demostrar como la fortaleza rosa europea invisibiliza del imaginario social y jurídico a la otredad homosexual y bisexual migrada dificultando que pueda solicitar asilo o encontrar refugio dentro de la Unión Europea.
Oralidad y argumentación. Desafíos de la educación media colombiana
Authors: Rodríguez León Daniel Mauricio
Published: June 2019

En este artículo comparamos las finalidades formativas dispuestas para la enseñanza de la argumentación oral en el currículo colombiano de lengua. A fin de sopesar la pertinencia de los denominados Derechos Básicos de Aprendizaje (MEN, 2017), el estudio revisa comparativamente tres documentos curriculares del área de lengua (MEN, 1998, 2006, 2017). La investigación, metodológicamente anclada al paradigma cualitativo-interpretativo, se dirige al ciclo de educación media desde un esquema orientado por el análisis de contenido (Krippendorff, 1990), mediante el cual discriminamos entre objetivos de formación: para aprender sobre y para aprender mediante la argumentación oral. Como hallazgos encontramos: 1) indefinición en las categorías de oralidad, texto y argumentación; y 2) desconexiones entre los documentos curriculares; y entre los objetivos de formación y sus modelos de argumentación asociados.
Editorial 24-1
Authors: Quitián Bernal Sandra Patricia
Published: June 2019

En esta oportunidad, la edición 1 del volumen 24 comparte a nuestros lectores siete artículos organizados en cuatro secciones.
Kebiasaan konsumsi kopi teratur dan pengaruhnya terhadap resorpsi tulang: C-telopeptida dan kalsium serum pada olahragawan
Authors: Yusni Yusni , Rahman Safrizal
Published: June 2019

Background: Coffee is believed and predicted as one of the risk factors for osteoporosis in sedentary and athletes. Long term regular consumption of coffee can lead to hypocalcemia, increase bone resorption and risk of osteoporosis.Objectives: The aim of the study was to analyze the effect of regular coffee consumption on bone resorption, thus predicting the risk of osteoporosis in athletes. The assessment risk of osteoporosis was done by measuring the biomarkers of bone resorption, namely: C-telopeptide (CTx) and serum calcium levels.Methods: The design of this study was a cross-sectional study. The subjects were athletes with regular exercise (aerobic exercise 2 times a week, for 50-60 minutes each training session). The total of samples were 50 people (male = 37; non-coffee=21 and coffee=16 and female=13; non-coffee=7 and coffee=6). Non-coffee is a group that does not consume coffee. Coffee drinkers are a group who regularly consume coffee daily at a dose of 1-2 cups per day (150-200 ml / cup). Coffee consumption habits were obtained from questionnaire interviews. The sampling technique was a total sampling. Examination of serum CTx levels was carried out by the Electro Chemiluminescence Assay method and serum calcium levels were examined using the O-cresolphthalein complexone method. Data were analyzed using the normality test (Kolmogorov-Smirnov), homogeneity (Levene's test) and independent sample t-test, with a significant degree of 95% (p<0.05).Results: The results showed that there was no difference between CTx in male and also female non-coffee (0.415 ng/mL vs. 0.586 ng/mL; p=0.09) and coffee drinkers (0.380 ng/mL vs. 0.512 ng/mL; p=0.35). The normal CTx level is 0.016-0.584 ng/mL. Calcium levels in male (9.70 mg/dL vs. 9.30 mg/dL; p=0.61) and female (9.28 mg/dL vs. 9.23 mg/dL; p=0.72) non-coffee and coffee drinkers were not significantly different. The normal Calcium levels is 9.2-11.0 mg/dL.Conclusion: Regular consumption of coffee does not cause increased CTx and decreased calcium in athletes. Coffee does not cause increased bone resorption, triggers hypocalcemia, therefore regular coffee consumption in physiological doses (1-2 cups/day) is not at risk for early osteoporosis in young athletes.
Pengerasan Permukaan Pisau Hammer Mill AISI 1022 dengan Metode Nitridasi dalam Larutan Campuran Kalium Nitrat dan Sodium Nitrit
Authors: Umardani Yusuf , Herriza Rigo Muhammad
Published: June 2019

Mesin hammer mill memerlukan pisau hammer mill yang memiliki permukaan keras dan tahan aus dengan minimal nilai kekerasannya 55-60 HRC atau setara dengan 600-700 HV [8]. Dari hasil uji kekerasan pada pisau hammer mill PT. Charoen Pokphand Indonesia cabang Semarang diperoleh nilai kekerasan permukaan pisau sebesar 727 HV. Material dasar untuk membuat pisau hammer mill menggunakan baja karbon tinggi yang relatif mahal dan sulit untuk dilakukan machining. Dalam penelitian ini pisau hammer mill dibuat dengan baja karbon rendah yang relatif murah dan mudah dalam machining dengan diberikan perlakuan pengerasan permukaan agar nilai kekerasan bisa menyamai pisau hammer mill yang dibuat dari baja karbon tinggi. Baja karbon rendah yang digunakan merupakan baja AISI 1022. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode nitridasi cair. Parameter yang digunakan sebagai variasi waktu penahanan. Nitridasi dilakukan menggunakan larutan garam KNO3 + NaNO2 dengan perbandingan 50:50 di temperatur 310oC. Langkah – langkah pengujian nitridasi diawali dengan mencairkan KNO3 dengan NaNO2 pada bejana nitridasi, memanaskan spesimen didalam furnace hingga austenite guna membantu dan mempercepat proses difusi, dan material tersebut di quenching kedalam larutan garam dengan 3 variasi waktu penahanan yaitu 4 jam, 8 jam, 12 jam. Dari pengujian tersebut diketahui bahwa metode nitridasi mampu menaikan nilai kekerasan material dari semula 213,3 HV menjadi 627 HV. Dari pengujian mikrografi diketahui bahwa terbentuknya lapisan nitrid dengan ketebalan 554μm di waktu penahanan 4 jam, 704μm di waktu penahanan 8 jam, dan 977μm di waktu penahanan 12 jam. Hasil tersebut menunjukan bahwa waktu penahanan berbanding lurus dengan laju difusi dan nilai kekerasan serta lapisan nitrid masih dapat meningkat seiring dengan lamanya waktu penahanan
Mihály Vajdy teoria krytyczna faszyzmu. Przyczynek do historii węgierskiego rewizjonizmu marksistowskiego
Authors: Bulira Waldemar
Published: June 2019

Rewizjonizm marksistowski na Węgrzech zwykło utożsamiać się z osobą György Lukácsa oraz powołaną przez niego do życia pod koniec lat 60. XX wieku tzw. szkołą budapeszteńską, którą współtworzyli: Ágnes Heller, Ferenc Fehér, György Márkus oraz Mihály Vajda. Na tle bogatej twórczości szkoły z danego okresu, skoncentrowanej wokół problematyki stricte marksistowskiej, wyróżnia się kilka tekstów Vajdy poświęconych faszyzmowi europejskiemu. W niniejszym artykule pytam o to, czy (i w jakim sensie) wpisują się one w rewizjonistyczną twórczość szkoły budapeszteńskiej (szerzej: węgierskiego marksizmu-rewizjonizmu jako takiego)? Czy również w tym przypadku mamy do czynienia z teorią, która, pod warstwą analiz historiozoficznych, zawiera w sobie określone przesłanie polityczne? Artykuł składa się z czterech części. W części pierwszej prezentuję ogólną charakterystykę zjawiska wschodnioeuropejskiego rewizjonizmu marksistowskiego, a w części drugiej omawiam pokrótce rewizjonizm w wydaniu szkoły budapeszteńskiej. W części trzeciej rekonstrukcję główne wątki problemowe teorii faszyzmu Vajdy, zaś w części czwartej odnoszę się bezpośrednio do pytania o potencjalnie rewizjonistyczny wymiar tej teorii.
Single-point Determination of Nonlinear Rheological Data from Parallel-Plate Torsional Flow
Authors: Shaw Montgomery T. , Liu Zhizhong Z.
Published: June 2019

Of the torsional drag-flow experiments, the hands-down winner for simplicity and ease of use is that using parallel-plate fixtures. This geometry is highly flexible, allowing custom modification of plate size and material, and is easily adaptable for optical use and the application of electric fields. However, its nonuniform flow is a major encumbrance for measuring nonlinear response. In 1987, Cross and Kaye offered a simple and clever solution for this problem, which essentially states that one assumes the sample is Newtonian, but the shear rate assigned to the observed “Newtonian” viscosity is 3/4ths of the rim shear rate. This shift factor arises from the use of Gaussian integration over radius of the nonlinear stress profile. Recent re-examination of the Cross-Kaye rule indicates that there may be a more accurate rule of thumb with the shift factor being 0.8 instead of 0.75 (4/5 instead of 3/4). However, for complex materials, the real question is how much useful information is covered up by this approach vs. the traditional differentiation of the integral to account for the stress profile. We have attempted to answer this question using a selection of nonlinear measurements on an AB block copolymer solution that is rheologically complex.