bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Transparency in the Fight Against Corruption
Authors: Lafe Ardita Shehaj , Shahini Ledjon
Published: September 2019

Transparency and corruption are topics with high interest not only for researchers but especially for politicians, citizens and decision takers. Transparency is seen as an important instrument in the fight against corruption. Transparency and corruption phenomena are considered to be the most difficult to assess due to the subjectivity that characterizes them. For this reason, in this study we will show some results based on citizens perception. The method used to collect information regarding citizens perception is questionnaire and than the data are analyzed through a logistic model. Interesting results came out this research such as people who have been in contact with public institutions during the last months have 5,477 times more opportunities to give bribes compared to those who have not been in contact. Transparency is considered a good tool to fight corruption because based on the model result people who know the meaning of the right to information have 86.3% less chance to give bribes than people who do not know the meaning of the right of information. Whereas people who know the Albanian law on the right to information have 48% less chance of bribing than people who do not know this law. Based on these results it is necessary to raise citizen awareness on the use of the right to information as instrument to fight corruption.
Private Military and Security Companies: The End of State Responsibility?
Authors: Sánchez Mario Iván Urueña
Published: September 2019

The objective of this article is to observe the redefinition of state responsibility based on its interaction with Private Military Security Companies. The boom, consolidation and decline of these companies between the end of the Cold War era and the first decade of the 21st century pose a dilemma to international law regarding State responsibility towards security issues within its territory. The lack of effective international law mechanisms and the political agenda of the States are both limitations for preserving human dignity in institutional and humanitarian fragile contexts. Hence, an interdisciplinary approach must be considered in order to seek an alternative path to this dilemma. This research used empirical data and documental analysis to achieve this objective.
Study of Paradigm and Theories that are Factors Influencing the Development and Creation of Industrial Crafts Products in Thailand
Authors: Keativipak Kittipong , Seviset Somchai , Eakwutvongsa Songwut
Published: September 2019

This research is to study the paradigm and theories related to handicraft design, guidelines, culture and intellect, philosophical concepts, and the concept of promoting the direction of creativity to be used as specifications in the design and development of industrial crafts products. This research is qualitative research by interviewing the experts by conducting Individual Depth Interview and Focus Group using a purposive sampling method. The results are categorized concepts and theories to be used in analyzing and creating creativity correctly. Concepts and theories can be concluded in 4 elements as follow: 1.Understanding universal design (Style and needs in society) 2. It is feeling and believing in the roots of local wisdom and culture (Study of objects to understand cultures, set of beliefs, concepts and attitudes of the community or society when producing the objects that are necessary for education) 3.Learning the context of culture and wisdom of the community (the skills, techniques, and ability of people in the community) from Grounded Theory 4.Characteristics of change and continuity in the creation of handicraft (old as the world and new with appropriateness). The study of concepts and theories that are factors influencing the development and creation of industrial crafts is considered as a set of information which can be used in the development of industrial craft appropriately. Studying important principles and applying theories to use in the study and design guideline will narrow the concept of development or capture the main issues of the selection of conceptual data and the analysis of data to use appropriately. The four principles and theories above explain the process of getting the answer systematically.
Nematicidal Effect of Organic Extract Metal Complex on Meloidogyne incognita Infecting Groundnuts (Arachis hypogea)
Authors: Fabiyi O.A. , Olatunji G.A. , Daodu I.O.
Published: September 2019

The control of plant parasitic nematodes is constantly associated with environmental pollution problems which emanates from the ability of synthetic nematicides to bind strongly to different soil types owing to their hydrophilic nature. This research attempted to determine the nematicidal potential of copper, iron and zinc salts complexed with methanolic extract of Enantia chloranta on Meloidogyne incognita infecting groundnut plants on the field. Carbofuran, a synthetic nematicide was used as a reference standard. The experiment was a randomised complete block design which was conducted in two raining seasons (2017 & 2018). Two grams (2 g) of each of the metal salts were reacted with 300 ml of E. chloranta methanolic extract. Good nematicidal activity was displayed by E. chloranta crude extract copper complex (ENCT/CuSO4) close to the value obtained with carbofuran (CBFN), iron and zinc salt complexes (ENCT/FeSO4 and ENCT/ZnSO4) were also significantly (p<0.05) effective. Toxicity of the metal salt complex to M. incognita was dose dependent. Vegetative growth and yield was significantly (p<0.05) higher in plants treated with the highest concentration of the metal complex solution. Significantly lower nematode population was seen at harvest in the roots of treated plants as opposed to the untreated plants. This research has demonstrated that the E. chloranta metal complex is a promising nematicidal substance.
NDVI Based Analysis on the Impact of 2004 Tsunami Disaster Recovery Toward Vegetation Condition in Banda Aceh
Authors: Hayati Zinatul , Syahreza Saumi , Surbakti M Syukri
Published: September 2019

Perubahan tutupan lahan banyak terdapat di kota-kota yang sedang berkembang. Banda Aceh, Indonesia merupakan salah satu provinsi yang sudah mengalami peningkatan jumlah penduduk dan percepatan pembangunan. Pasca bencana gempa dan tsunami 2004 perubahan penggunaan dan tutupan lahan (land use and land cover change/LULC) terlihat semakin meluas, dan hal ini berdampak pada berkurangnya lahan vegetatif. Artikel ini menjelaskan cara menganalisis NDVI dengan mengunakan data citra satelit Landsat 5 dan 8 untuk mengetahui kerapatan vegetasi di wilayah Banda Aceh dengan 9 kecamatan yang diambil tahun 2004, 2009, dan 2017. Studi ini mengidentifikasi antara pola perubahan tutupan lahan dan menyelidiki dampak tsunami, sehingga banyak kehilangan vegetasi pada lingkungan tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan Sistem Informasi Geografis (GIS) dimana tahap awal adalah mengumpulkan data citra satelit. Pada tahap kedua dilakukan pengolahan data menggunakan software PCI Geomatika 2016. Hasil analisa citra menjelaskan tahun 2004, 2009 dan 2017  kawasan kehijauan, masih banyak terdapat di kecamatan Lueng Bata, Ulee Kareng dan Banda Raya. Changes in land cover are often found in developing cities. Banda Aceh is one of the provinces in Indonesia that experiences an increase in the population and accelerated development. Land use and land cover (LULC) have increased dramatically since the 2004 earthquake and tsunami disaster and continued to reduce the vegetative land. This article explains how to analyze NDVI using Landsat 5 and 8 of the satellite image data. It aims to determine the vegetation density of Banda Aceh in 9 sub-districts taken in 2004, 2009 and 2017. This study identified patterns of changes in land cover and investigated the impact of the tsunami on the vegetational loss of the environment. Geographic Information System (GIS) was used in the study in which the satellite image data were collected before they were processed in the PCI Geomatika 2016 software. The results indicate that in the years of 2004, 2009 and 2017, many green areas are present in Lueng Bata, Ulee Kareng and Banda Raya sub-district. Keywords: Remote Sensing, Landsat Imagery, and NDVI
Interpretation of Near Surface Based on the Magnetic Data at Geothermal Area, Jaboi, Sabang
Authors: Mahmudi Dinni , Isa Muhammad , Sugiyanto Didik
Published: September 2019

Telah dilakukan penelitian geofisika menggunakan metode magnetik untuk mendapatkan struktur bawah permukaan di daerah prospek panas bumi Jaboi, Sukajaya, Kota Sabang. Pengukuran medan magnetik total dilakukan pada 40 titik menggunakan Proton Precession Magnetometer (PPM). Daerah Jaboi memiliki sudut inkinasi -4.416 dan deklinasi -0.875 dengan nilai medan magnetik total berkisar antara 41550 hingga 42600 nT. Untuk mendapatkan nilai anomali magnetik dilakukan koreksi diurnal dan koreksi IGRF (International Geomagnetic Reference Field). Setelah koreksi dilakukan diperoleh nilai anomali magnetik daerah panas bumi Jaboi antara -200 nT sampai dengan -950 nT. Selanjutnya hasil anomali magnetik ini digunakan dalam memodelkan struktur bawah permukaan dengan panjang lintasan 1800 m dari Tenggara-Barat Laut. Berdasarkan interpretasi data anomali magnetik menunjukkan daerah penelitian didominasi oleh anomali rendah yang berarti daerah manifestasi panas bumi. Interpretasi anomali tinggi dan rendah menunjukkan adanya patahan yang diduga sebagai patahan Ceuneuhot. Dari hasil pemodelan 2D menggunakan software Mag2DC, menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 5 lapisan dengan kedalaman 0 - 1000 m. Lapisan-lapisan ini adalah soil ( = 0,00 x 10-6 SI), andesit terubah (  = 13,408 x 10-6 SI), breksi tufa terubah (  = 12,686 x 10-6 SI), andesit terubah (  = 13,423 x 10-6 SI) dan breksi andesit (  = 13,535 x 10-6 SI). Melalui pemodelan ini diyakini zona patahan adalah patahan Ceuneuhot. Geophysical reasearch by using magnetic method was done in order to obtain subsurface structure of geothermal prospect area Jaboi, Sukajaya, Sabang City. The measurement of total magnetic field was taken at 40 points using Proton Precession Magnetometer (PPM). Jaboi area has an inklination angle -4.416 and declination angle -0.875 which has total magnetic field range between 41550 to 42600 nT. Diurnal Correction and IGRF (International Geomagnetic Reference Field) correction was used to obtain magnetic anomalies. The values of magnetic anomalies in Jaboi Geothermal Area is -200 to -950 nT. The result of magnetic anomalies was used to modelled the subsurface structure with profile distance is about 1800 m from Southeast to Northwest. Based on the magnetic anomalies data, the reaserch area dominated by low anomalies that indicated geothermal manifestation area. High and low magnetic anomalies indicated a fault that estimated as Ceuneuhot fault. From the result of 2D modelling using software Mag2DC, showed that the research area consist of 5 subsurface structure from 0 – 1000 m depth. The layers are soil (  = 0.00 × 10-6 SI), altered andesite (  = 13.408 × 10-6 SI), altered breccia-tuff (  = 12.686 × 10-6 SI), altered andesite (  = 13.423 × 10-6 SI), and breccia-andesite (  = 13.535 × 10-6 SI). Also from the model was  obtained the Ceuneuhot fault zone.  Keywords: Magnetik, Anomali Magnetik, Struktur Bawah Permukaan, Panas Bumi
Academically At-Risk Students’ Initial Motivations and Pre-Graduation Reasons for Attending University
Authors: Kline Boenell , Duncan Mary Katherine
Published: September 2019

The purpose of this study was to explore academically at-risk students’ initial motivations for enrolling in university, pre-graduation reasons for attending university, and perceptions of the mission of higher education. We defined academically at-risk students as those with a higher than average likelihood of not completing the baccalaureate degree. Participants included 64 undergraduate students (72% women, 40% first-generation, 52% Caucasian, Mage = 22.48 years). Responses to an online survey indicated that career/materialism (59%), personal growth (48%), opportunities/experiences (43%), and academic-intellectual growth (40%) were the most frequently reported enrollment motivations. Personal growth (67%) and career-materialism (45%) were the most commonly reported pre-graduation reasons for attending university. Additionally, the majority of participants perceived students’ personal growth (55%) to be the mission of higher education. Data may inform academic and non-academic programming aimed at maximizing academically at-risk students’ likelihood of success in higher education.
Parental Involvement during Students’ Transition to College
Authors: Smith Tyler E.
Published: September 2019

Parents have become increasingly involved in their children’s transitions to college over the past 15 to 20 years for various reasons. Overall, parental involvement is typically beneficial for children’s adaptation and success in new environments; however, it is less clear whether this is helpful as children move into early adulthood. The current article explores various reasons for increases in parental involve during the last 15 to 20 years. In addition, the idea of parental over-involvement (e.g., helicopter parents) is explored. Further, students have recommended ways in which parents can effectively support them as they transition to college. The article concludes with recommendations for parents to develop an “ideal” amount of parental involvement in order to support students as they transition to college.
Schottky diyot tabanlı UV detektörlerde seri direnç etkileri
Authors: ÖZDEN Şadan
Published: September 2019

Bu çalışmada GaN tabanlı UV algılayıcı GUVA S12SD Schottky diyotun sıcaklık bağımlı akım – voltaj karakteristikleri seri direnç etkileri yönünden incelenmiştir.  Bu amaçla FPGA tabanlı, basit ve düşük maliyetli bir ölçüm sistemi hazırlanarak, başarıyla kullanılmıştır.  Sonuçlar, aygıtın akım iletim mekanizmasının termiyonik yayılımla açıklanabileceğini göstermektedir.  Seri direnç hesapları için iki farklı yöntem kullanılmış ve birbiri ile büyük uyuma sahip sonuçlar elde edilmiştir.  İdealite faktörü ve seri direncin sıcaklık bağımlılığından, ara yüzeydeki durumların ve buradaki yük taşıyıcılarının aygıt karakteristikleri üzerinde etkin olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Basık yörüngeli erken B tipi örten çift sistemlerin eksen dönmesi analizi: V466 Car, V529 Car ve MN Tra
Authors: BULUT Ahmet , BULUT İbrahim
Published: September 2019

Bu çalışmada, basık yörüngeli örten çift sistemler içinden seçilen V466 Car, V529 Car ve MN Tra sistemlerinin eksen dönmesi analizleri (O-C) diyagramları kullanılarak yapılmış, eksen dönme parametreleri ilk kez hesaplanmıştır. Eksen dönmesi analizi için kullanılan minimum zamanları (O–C) Gateway veri tabanından alınmıştır.  Analizler sonucunda V466 Car, V529 Car ve MN Tra sistemlerinin yörünge dış merkezlikleri, sırasıyla, 0.205 ± 0.035, 0.497 ± 0.077, 0.282 ± 0.042, enberi noktasının boylamındaki ilerlemelerin hızı 0.0194 ± 0.0013, 0.0055 ± 0.0016, 0.0026 ± 0.0007 º/çevrim, bunlara karşılık gelen eksen dönme dönemleri ise 175 ± 12, 858 ± 203, 894 ± 204 yıl, olarak elde edilmiştir.
Opacity tables for using in Paczynski stellar modelling and their effects on stellar evolutions
Authors: İNLEK Gülay
Published: September 2019

We have constructed opacity tables for using in stellar modelling in a format particularly applicable to the Paczynski  freeware program GOB.  Our tables are derived from those of Allard  and Weiss  for lower metal content envelopes, using the Lagrange interpolation method. This allows accurate opacities to be given as numerical functions of density and temperature with given proportions of hydrogen (X), helium (Y), and ‘metals’ (Z). Inlek et al.  showed that it is possible independently to check opacity effects from modern high-quality observational data. These tables will be useful for such purposes.
THE IMPORTANCE PERFORMANCE MATRIX ANALYSIS (IPMA)
Authors: Mansyur Resdiansyah
Published: September 2019

The rapid growth of satelite city in South Tangerang will directly impact road infrastructure and environmental conditions. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate level of satisfaction and important of existing road infrastructure in satelite city. The study was to gain the perception of road users and other stakeholders regarding various elements of satelite city self-reliance in maintaining the quality of road infrastructure. Using one of satelite city in South Tangerang as a case, the specific research objectives are to: ascertain road user level of satisfaction with the road infrastructure and determine the most dominant factors affecting road user satisfaction. A questionnaire survey was conducted on road users in three selected roads at satelite city. Through a random sampling, a total of 384 responses were collected. After the survey, interviews were conducted with subject matter experts to understand the current practices and possible solutions to the problems. Data processing using SPSS software version 20.00 and analysed using Cronbach Alpha (α) statistical method and Importance Performance Matrix Analysis (IPMA) to know the level of satisfaction and important of user. The priority matrix analysis result shown that the safety improvement and comfort facilities for pedestrians, disabled provider and cyclists become important elements. The ranking of the importance elements in road performance based on user perceptions obtained the highest average value of 22 % which shows that the road safety element is the most important element in road performance.
SELECTION OF FUNGAL ISOLATES WITH POTENTIAL FOR PHOSPHATE SOLUBILIZATION AND FORMULATION OF INOCULANT FOR COFFEE CROPS
Authors: Chalfoun Sara Maria , Angélico Caroline Lima , De Resende Mário Lúcio Vilela , De Moraes Graziella Evaristo
Published: September 2019

The dependence on chemical fertilizers for the future of agriculture will result in additional soil health losses, possibility of water contamination and continued currency avoidance due to the increasing dependence on imports. The indiscriminate use of synthetic fertilizers has polluted the soil and watersheds, destroying useful microorganisms and insects, what makes crops more susceptible to diseases. Considering this critical scenario, microorganisms have stood out as a potential alternative for maintaining the productivity, reliability and sustainability of the global food chain. In order to increase the productivity and/or reduce the amount of fertilizers, as well as to meet the requirements for the use of low-solubility phosphorus sources, microorganisms were isolated from the rhizosphere and artificially cultivated. Subsequently, they were selected regarding their potential for solubilizing phosphorus and incorporated into a low-cost matrix. A microbial inoculant was thus developed and tested in a coffee crop. It was possible to formulate an inoculant based on an isolate selected from Aspergillus niger, using an inactivated seed and sodium alginate as matrices. It was also observed that there was a greater correlation between the evaluated parameters and increasing doses of the inoculants when Araxá apatite was used as source of phosphorus, proving the importance of the inoculants as release factors and availability of phosphorus in the case of sources less soluble, giving Brazilian agriculture greater autonomy in the input market.
EFFECTS OF SHADE TREE SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION AND SPECIES ON PHOTOSYNTHETIC RATE OF COFFEE TREES
Authors: Silva Neto Francisco José da , Bonfanti Leila , Gazaffi Rodrigo , Fontanetti Anastácia
Published: September 2019

The use of shade trees in coffee fields have been motivated by climatic changes. However, microclimatic conditions in shaded coffee fields differ due to shade tree spatial distribution and species, altering physiological responses of coffee trees. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of shade tree spatial distribution and species on coffee trees photosynthetic rate in two growth seasons, of high (HSD) and low (LSD) sink demand. The experimental design consisted of randomized blocks with three replicates in split-split-plots. Plots were the shade tree species: Anadenanthera falcata, Cassia grandis and Peltophorum dubium. Split plot was formed by five distances between coffee trees and shade tree trunks: coffee trees on planting row of shade trees, distancing one (D1L) and five (D5L) meters from shade trees trunk; coffee trees on inter-rows of shade trees, parallel to D1L and D5L (D1E and D5E); coffee trees distancing 77 meters from shade tree trunks, in a full-sun field (PS). The split-split-plots correspond to coffee tree canopy exposure to the sun: branches facing North or South. Shade trees canopy density and occupation was evaluated with a convex densiometer. Photosynthetic rate (Pn)and photosynthetic active radiation (PAR) were measured with an Infrared Gas Analyzer (IRGA) on two time-frames, between 7.00 and 9.00 solar hours and between 11.00 and 13.00. Shade tree canopy density and occupation was not homogenous during the change of seasons and shift due to spatial distribution, which also changes PAR levels. Shade trees reduce PAR to more suitable values for coffee tree exploitation, especially on D1L and D5L. During HSD, shading did not affect Pn, which was greater in branches facing North. Yet, in LSD, between 11.00 and 13.00, coffee trees shaded with A. falcata showed greater Pn than at PS. Coffee trees shaded with C. grandis at D5L and D1E had greater values of Pn than PS.
The platform approach to research and development using high-performance computing
Authors: Biryaltsev Eugeniy Vasiljevich , Galimov Marat Razifovich , Demidov Denis Evgenievich , Elizarov Aleksandr Mikhailovich
Published: September 2019

In this paper, we analyze the prerequisites and substantiate the relevance for creating an open Internet platform that employs big data technologies, highperformance computing, and multilateral markets in a unified way. Conceived as an ecosystem for the development and use of applied software (including in the field of design and scientific research), the platform should reduce time/costs and improve the quality of software development for solving analytical problems arising in industrial enterprises, scientific research organizations, state bodies and private individuals. The article presents a working prototype of the platform using supercomputer technologies and desktop virtualization systems.
Human dental pulp stem cells and its applications in regenerative medicine – A literature review
Authors: Priyan GL Saravana , Ramalingam Subachanya , Udhayakumar Yogeshwari
Published: September 2019

Human dental pulp-derived stem cells have varied applications in regenerative medicine. Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) are considered to be neural crest cells. They are known to have higher regenerative potential than the bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. DPSCs have multipotency, immunomodulatory function, and self-renewal capacity. They are highly proliferative, clonogenic and are capable of differentiating into adipocytes, neural cells, odontoblasts, and various other cells. DPSCs are effective for various diseases, such as spinal cord injuries, Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, cerebral ischemia, myocardial infarction, muscular dystrophy, diabetes, liver diseases, eye diseases, immune diseases, and oral diseases. This article provides an overview of properties and regenerative applications of human DPSCs.
Assessment of clients 'satisfaction with primary health care services in Basra City, South of Iraq 2012
Authors: Essam Mohammed Abd-Alsaid
Published: September 2019

Client satisfaction has been defined as the degree of congruency between a client’s expectation of ideal care and his/her perception of the real care receive. In Iraq, there has been a recent concern at the Ministry of Health (MOH) about improving the quality of Primary Health Care (PHC) services being considered the first health “gate” for the community. This study aimed to assess the level of clients’ satisfaction with PHC services in Basra, Iraq, 2012. A cross-sectional study was performed on 12 randomly selected PHC centers from the total eight PHC districts at Basra Health Directorate, where 1200 clients aged 18 years and above were selected systematically. Data was collected via a direct interview with clients using an Arabic language questionnaire. The satisfaction was rated at a scale of 1-5 points, and the data was analyzed using c.  The results of the current study revealed that the overall clients’ satisfaction was 90.8%. The highest score for clients’ satisfaction was for nurses’ staff domain of PHC services (91.9%), and the lowest was for waiting for the domain (74.5%). Old age, females, retired and illiterate clients showed significantly the highest overall satisfaction. Clients reported their main dissatisfaction for the availability of the medicines item (53.4%) and the waiting time to see medical staff item (59%). The present study concluded that overall clients’ satisfaction was relatively high, and socio-demographic characteristics played major roles in deciding the extent of clients’ satisfaction.
Planejamento do turismo na Região Metropolitana de Curitiba
Authors: Teles Margarete Araujo
Published: September 2019

Este artigo apresenta uma análise do Planejamento Territorial do Turismo na Região Metropolitana de Curitiba (RMC), com objetivo de avaliar a inserção do turismo nas políticas públicas dos municípios da região por meio de instrumentos de planejamento e entrevistas com os gestores públicos. A metodologia de trabalho caracteriza-se por uma abordagem analítica e empírica. Fundamenta-se em reflexões sobre o planejamento turístico e instrumentos de ordenação territorial. Nos procedimentos operacionais foram aplicadas as técnicas de pesquisa documental e pesquisa de campo. Os resultados da pesquisa documental e empírica apontaram que embora existam orientações para uso de instrumentos de planejamento para o turismo municipal e regional, observa-se que os atores responsáveis pelo planejamento no âmbito metropolitano ficam sujeitos às decisões políticas para implementar suas ações e instrumentos de planejamento. Este estudo evidencia a necessária organização de políticas públicas no território, com vista a promover o turismo de forma sustentável.
Turismo pedagógico : busca por novos significados para a escola
Authors: Rodrigues Emanuelle , Alves Kerley Dos Santos
Published: September 2019

Este trabalho apresenta o Turismo como uma ferramenta que pode servir à educação no que tange o Turismo Pedagógico. Tem como objetivo entender a inserção desse como uma nova possibilidade pedagógica na relação ensino aprendizagem. Nesse sentido, a percepção de três educadoras que participaram de um projeto de extensão intitulado “Turismo Pedagógico na Escola: Uma porta aberta para a educação inclusiva” contribuiu para as análises e discussões que se fazem presentes. Por fim, constatou-se que o Turismo é visualizado pelas educadoras participantes do projeto como uma ferramenta pedagógica. Ainda que uma das entrevistadas o veja como um meio e não uma disciplina, entende que possibilita um aprendizado diferenciado e participativo, necessitando estar alinhado a outros conteúdos do currículo base, para que sua inserção no espaço escolar se justifique.
Tendências contemporâneas da política de educação superior brasileira
Authors: Ribeiro Daniella Borges , Ferraz Ana Targina Rodrigues
Published: September 2019

O artigo discute as principais tendências da política de educação superior no Brasil entre os anos de 1995 e 2014. Trata-se de um estudo com abordagem qualitativa, baseado em documentos do site do Ministério da Educação, do Instituto Nacional de Estudos e Pesquisas Educacionais Anísio Teixeira e do Sindicato Nacional dos Docentes das Instituições de Ensino Superior, bem como bibliografias da área. O texto está dividido em três tópicos: a mercadorização do ensino superior no governo de Fernando Henrique Cardoso, o aprofundamento das parcerias entre o público e o privado no governo de Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva e a disputa pelos recursos dofundo público durante o mandato de Dilma Rousseff. Verifica-se que a ampliação da influência dos organismos internacionais, a diversificação das instituições e dos cursos, o incentivo às parcerias e o desvio dos recursos públicos para as instituições privadas, são algumas das tendências que ora se apresentam.
KEIKUTSERTAAN PROGRAM KESEHATAN LANSIA DITINJAU DARI BIAYA, KEPUASAN PELAYANAN DAN HARAPAN PASIEN DI PUSKESMAS NANGGULAN KABUPATEN KULON PROGO
Authors: Rosyada Dina Fitriana , Budi Savitri Citra
Published: September 2019

Latar Belakang: Salah satu upaya Peningkatan Kesejahteraan Sosial bagi Lanjut Usia adalah denganmemberikan pelayanan kesehatan. Cakupan pemanfaatan pelayanan pasien bagi lanjut usia di PuskesmasNanggulan tergolong masih rendah. Rendahnya cakupan tersebut tentunya disebabkan oleh hal yangmendasar berkenaan dengan pemilihan sarana pelayanan kesehatan seperti adanya pertimbangan biaya,harapan pasien dan kepuasan pada kualitas pelayanan sarana pelayanan kesehatan. Tujuan dari penelitian iniadalah menganalisis pengaruh alasan pendasaran pemilihan sarana pelayanan kesehatan di PuskesmasNanggulan terhadap keikutsertaan dalam program lansia.Metode: Jenis penelitian adalah penelitian analitik observasional dengan desain penelitian cross sectional.Besar sampel penelitian ini ada 50 lansia. Besar sampel tersebut dihitung menggunakan rumusan teknikrandom sampling. Variabel dependen penelitian adalah keikutsertaan lansia pada program lansia danvariabel independen penelitian adalah pertimbangan biaya, harapan pasien dan kepuasan kualitas pelayanandi Puskesmas Nanggulan. Analisis Statistik menggunakan uji regresi logistik.Hasil Penelitian: Analisis statistik menggunakan uji logistik regresi variabel yang mempengaruhipemanfaatan pelayanan program kesehatan lansia di Puskesmas Nanggulan adalah variabel kepuasan pasien.Kesimpulan: Lansia memilih Puskesmas Nanggulan sebagai tempat pemeriksaan kesehatan namun meskidemikian tidak langsung berpengaruh terhadap keikutsertaan mereka pada program lansia karena adanyafaktor akses atau jarak rumah dengan Puskesmas Nanggulan. Keikutsertaan program lansia lebih dipengaruhioleh adanya kepuasan pelayanan.Kata Kunci: Program kesehatan lansia, pemanfaatan pelayanan, pasien, lanjut usia, peningkatankesejahteraan lansia.
The 3rd URNCST Journal Case Abstract Competition: Sex-Based Comparisons Research
Authors: Williams Jennifer S. , Saini Jessica B. , Ng Jeremy Y.
Published: September 2019

The URNCST Journal Case Competition provides undergraduate students with the opportunity to experience the peer review and publication process through participation in a case competition. Participants submit an abstract of a research protocol based on a topic proposed by the URNCST Journal. The following abstracts were submitted by undergraduate students to the 3rd URNCST Journal Case Competition held during April 2019. To learn more about this abstract competition and submit your own, please visit: https://urncst.com/index.php/competition/about. This case competition’s topic was on sex-based comparisons research. The emergence of sex-based research has become more prominent within the last decade. Sex is often defined as the biological or genetic makeup of the body. The impact of sex-based differences has been observed in diverse fields, ranging from cardiovascular health, to addictions and mental wellness, to drug efficacy and its cellular implications. As a result, we welcomed abstract submissions from any science or technology discipline exploring sex-based comparisons in their research field.
Book Review: Duncan Webb and David Rowe (eds) Insurance Law: Practice, Policy & Principles
Authors: Holmes Renee
Published: September 2019

This article is a book review of Duncan Webb and David Rowe (eds) Insurance Law: Practice, Policy & Principles (The Centre for Commercial and Corporate Law Inc, Christchurch, 2004) (227 + x pages). The book is a collection of essays covering a broad range of topical insurance law issues. Holmes argues that the collection shows some aspects of insurance cases are solved by the application of principles that are unique to insurance contracts, and are often quite different to the principles applied to contracts in general. Given the diversity of the subject matter, Holmes laments the fact that there is no editorial introduction to insurance law found in this issue of the Law Review. It is concluded that the book will be relevant to a broad audience on differing levels and will be a valuable tool for practitioners, academics and students alike.
Sound Check: Bylaws, Busking and the Local Government Act 2002
Authors: Wright Fiona
Published: September 2019

This article examines the law-making powers of local authorities under the Local Government Act 2002.  It argues that there are insufficient checks and balances on local government law-making, which may lead to local government powers being misused. It also criticises the Act's processes of bylaw enactment and review, arguing that they may encourage local authorities to abandon bylaws in favour of the new power of general competence, under which local authorities can operate beyond the relative safety of many existing checks and balances.
Show Me The Money: Remedies under the Privacy Act
Authors: Evans Katrine
Published: September 2019

This article examines the remedies available for breaches of the Privacy Act 1993. The author first explores the limited range of options available to the Privacy Commissioner, and highlights the success of the low-level approach to resolving cases which is adopted in practice. The Human Rights Review Tribunal has formal remedial powers, including the award of damages and costs. Although a tariff system is not realistic in privacy cases, the Tribunal has given strong guidance on how questions about remedies, including damages, will be decided. The author is of the view that the Tribunal has no jurisdiction to grant punitive damages but that an amendment to the Act to allow for this would be valuable. Parties to complaints need to be aware that formal remedies are rare and remain measures of last resort.
The Dilemma Facing Landlords and Tenants: Enforcing Tenancy Tribunal orders while Upholding Privacy Interests
Authors: Harbrow Helena
Published: September 2019

Private landlords are the major contributors of housing in the New Zealand rental market. For years landlords have complained of an inability to enforce Tenancy Tribunal orders obtained against tenants for their failure to pay rent pursuant to the Residential Tenancies Act 1986. Following complaints, the Ombudsman controversially recommended that tenants’ address information held by government departments, in particular the Ministry of Social Development, be released to the Courts to facilitate the enforcement process. However, this solution fails to adequately address the source of the problem and further encumbers the success of the landlord tenant relationship. Without effective enforcement options landlords may revert to their own methods to safeguard their investments. This has lead to the formation of bad tenant registers on the internet and the plea for landlords to be able to access, among other things, tenants’ credit history as quasi credit providers under the Credit Information Privacy Code. During this process tenants’ privacy rights are being diminished, and their ability to access proper housing potentially compromised. Strategies that reduce the risk for landlords, by letting them know which tenants are likely to pay their rent from the outset, and by facilitating the retrieval of outstanding payments, will nurture the landlord tenant relationship.
Compliance Costs and the Privacy Act 1993: Perception of Reality for Organisations in New Zealand
Authors: Harding Emma
Published: September 2019

This article suggests the Chinese government should establish systematic legal protection for personal privacy in China. First, a brief introduction to the history of the concept of privacy in China is given. Based on the definition of privacy in the Western world, the modern concept of privacy has been absorbed by Chinese scholars and defined according to Chinese norms. During this process, the subjects and objects of the right to privacy have been chosen and the distinctions between the right to privacy, the right of reputation and the right to know have been made clear. This article considers that it is most important to recognise the right to privacy as an independent right both in the Constitution and Civil Code. Depending on the impact of the breach of privacy, liability for civil or criminal punishment should attach.  Besides these measures, a specific data protection law is also essential.
Legislative Definition of Spam for New Zealand
Authors: Kellett Simon
Published: September 2019

This article discusses the phenomenon of spam with the intention of providing a practical definition of the concept for use in anti-spam legislation. The billions of e-mails that are classified as spam every year affect the majority of the world's e-mail users, and apart from causing annoyance these unwanted communications create significant economic costs. Filtering and downloading spam wastes both time and money, and governments around the world are beginning to react to the problem with legislation to reduce the volume of spam and penalise those who deal in this medium.The problem is how to define "spam" without punishing legitimate commercial e-mails and other unsolicited e-mails that, while not specifically requested, are not unwanted. The author supports an "opt-in" regime with the defences of consent and conspicuous publication available to prevent undue curtailment of the freedom of expression guaranteed by the New Zealand Bill of Rights Act 1990. This approach is encompassed in draft legislation set out at the end of the article.
New Horizons in the Law of the Sea
Authors: Leary David , Chakraborty Anshuman
Published: September 2019

This article summarises the proceedings of the symposium held at Victoria University of Wellington in September 2004 to mark the tenth anniversary of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea.The authors highlight the key themes of the symposium, basing their discussion on the five topics of maritime security, enforcement and compliance in fisheries law, Pacific regional issues, dispute resolution and the law of the sea, and future directions for the law of the sea.
When is a Whale Sanctuary Not a Whale Sanctuary? Japanese Whaling in Australian Antarctic Maritime Zones
Authors: Mossop Joanna
Published: September 2019

This article concerns the case of Humane Society International v Kyodo Senpaku Kaisha Ltd, in which the Humane Society, a non-governmental organisation, attempted to sue a Japanese company conducting whaling in the Southern Ocean in an area claimed as an exclusive economic zone by Australia.  The Humane Society failed to convince the Federal Court to allow it to serve proceedings on the Japanese company outside Australia, after the judge agreed with the arguments provided by the Australian Attorney-General. These submissions included the possibility of an embarrassing international incident that could arise if a Japanese company were to be served with proceedings enforcing a law that Japan considers to be inconsistent with the freedom of navigation on the high seas. Underpinning the whole case was the issue of sovereignty over Antarctica, which Australia and other countries have disputed for many decades. The author evaluates Australia’s claim to an exclusive economic zone around its Antarctic territorial claim, and its use of the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 to declare a whale sanctuary in that part of the world. The author suggests that it might be possible for the Australian courts to read the whale sanctuary legislation in line with international law, potentially relying on the New Zealand Sellers case, to exclude overseas companies from the effects of the legislation. However, the author concludes it would not be desirable for the Australian Government to rely on such a possibility to avoid potential international repercussions from its domestic legislation.
The United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods: The Canadian Experience
Authors: Sharma Rajeev
Published: September 2019

The author discusses the Canadian jurisprudence involving the application, or potential application, of the CISG.  He concludes that the Canadian courts are beginning to implement the CISG, but that there is still a tendency to apply domestic law alongside, or even in preference to, the international sales law, even when this is not warranted.
Book Review: Ngā Tai Matatū: Tides of Māori Endurance
Authors: Waetford Tane
Published: September 2019

This article is a book review of Mason Durie Ngā Tai Matatū: Tides of Māori Endurance (Oxford University Press, Melbourne, 2005) (288 pages). Māori have faced many challenges that have threatened their way of life and tested their ability to adapt to new and changing circumstances. This book examines the many events that have shaped and influenced Māori life and analyses the way in which Māori have responded to such challenges. Waetford states that the analysis provides a valuable insight into Māori aspirations and values and provides a framework for future development. The book considers the way forward for Māori by looking at the position of Māori at the beginning of the third millennium and the challenges that lie ahead.
Comment on Professor Schwenzer's paper
Authors: Whittington Nicholas
Published: September 2019

The author comments on Ingeborg Schwenzer's paper found in this volume (Ingeborg Schwenzer "The Danger of Domestic Preconceived Views with Respect to the Uniform Interpretation of the CISG: The Question of Avoidance in the Case of Non-Conforming Goods and Documents" (2005) 36 VUWLR 795). This author argues for a "single standard concept" in relation to the application of the Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods ('CISG'), meaning that the broad and ambitious document should have a uniform application. Unfortunately, the author notes that the CISG's application has been anything but in both the international and domestic contexts. The author provides potential solutions to this lack of uniformity: first, encourage decision-makers to have regard to case law from other countries; and secondly, encourage courts, when dealing with the CISG, to distance themselves from domestic preconceptions and to look at the case through CISG-tinted glasses.
In the Name of the Father: the Paternal Function, Sexuality, Law and Citizenship
Authors: Baron Paula D
Published: September 2019

The purpose of this article is to examine the notion of legal paternal responsibility from the perspective of psychoanalytic theory. In psychoanalysis, a privileged place is accorded to the father, both in the emergence of the subject and in the symbolic order itself. This privileged position, however, flows not from the person of the father but from the performance of what Lacan terms the “paternal function”.Taking up this idea, the article considers the recommendations relating to legal paternity contained in the recent New Zealand Law Commission Report New Issues in Legal Parenthood. In particular, the article challenges the proposition that legal paternity should automatically flow from genetic fathering. The article argues that the assumption that there is or should be an inherent and natural link between genetic fathering and the responsibilities of legal parenting is fundamentally misconceivedÍ¾ will often discriminate against women, and, in particular, lesbian parentsÍ¾ and may be in conflict with the best interests of the child.
The Sexual Citizen
Authors: Naffine Ngaire
Published: September 2019

This introduction to the Sexuality and Citizenship Special Issue considers the concept of the sexual citizen. It also examines and draws together the themes of the papers that formed part of the symposium held on 28 and 29 November 2005. Modern legal relations are typically understood and affirmed as relations at a physical distance, transacted between individuals (not members of a sex or sexual grouping), who relate to one another in a contractual manner, out of personal choice, on their own terms and usually for rational economic purposes. Sex and affection have never gone away from such relationships. The author argues that the enduring problem is that the law of sex and affection has not been modernised, and that we do not know how to think of sex and sexuality in a liberal egalitarian manner. It is argued that our legal model for thinking about the loving and physical side of life remains deeply orthodox and patriarchal. Homosexual people are accordingly excluded from a legitimate form of sexual citizenship, which in turn results in an exclusion from a full and rich sense of national identity and public rights.
Sexual Citizenship and the Civil Union Act 2004
Authors: Seuffert Nan
Published: September 2019

This article analyses the parliamentary debates on the Civil Union Act 2004, which provides for legal recognition of same sex relationships, for stories of national identity.  A close reading of the parliamentary debates on the Act suggests that although the supporters and opponents of the legislation seemed to be worlds apart, many told similar stories about New Zealand as a nation, and citizens within that nation, emphasising similar values and aspirations.  Both sides told stories of citizens, of New Zealanders, as tolerant and fair, as forwarding-looking progressives who value stable long-term, committed relationships, warm loving communities for children, and strong families and family relationships.  Both sides generally saw marriage as a positive institution, a cornerstone of society and a building block for society and the nation.  While some talked of existing alternatives to marriage, such as de facto relationships, and there was some recognition that not all marriages are good ones, with a few notable exceptions, there was little mention of critiques of marriage as an institution and little or no positive mention of relationships outside of the paradigm of long-term committed, monogamous relationships.  Further, while there were arguments, reflecting a privatisation paradigm, that the Civil Union Act 2004 was not necessary since the rights and duties of same sex couples could be structured using the private law of contract and trusts (a claim that was debated), there was no suggestion that state recognition of marriage should be abolished, or that long-term heterosexual relationships should be structured through private law.
Aplicación del proceso Fenton en la disminución de materia orgánica en aguas residuales de la industria termoeléctrica
Authors: Taco Ugsha Miguel , Mayorga LLerena Eduardo
Published: September 2019

En el presente trabajo se empleó al proceso Fenton para la remoción de materia orgánica en aguas residuales provenientes de la industria termoeléctrica que usa como combustible fuel oil. El proceso de degradación se siguió a través de la medición de la Demanda Química de Oxígeno, (DQO). El trabajo se inició con la caracterización de las aguas residuales con mediciones de DQO, que sirvieron como punto de partida en el estudio de la influencia de las variables de operación, que fueron: el pH (2.5 y 3.0) y la relación de 1/60 a 1/15 de las concentraciones (en mg/L) de los reactivos para la reacción Fenton, Fe2+/H2O2., las mismas que no mostraron ser significativas a temperatura ambiente. Los porcentajes de remoción de DQO conseguidos (entre el 72.51 y 88.60%) permitieron cumplir con la Ordenanza 213 del Distrito Metropolitano de Quito que especifica un máximo de 123 mg/L de DQO. Además, se estudió la evolución de la remoción de materia orgánica en función del tiempo para una muestra de agua residual que presentó una DQO inicial de 357.14 mg O2/L, obteniéndoseuna reducción significativa de DQO (del 89.68%) en un tiempo de reacción de 352 minutos.