bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Experimental Substantiation of a Number of Requirements for Hardware and Methodology of Non-Contact Photoplethysmography Based on Video Image Analysis
Authors: Gerzhik A.A. , Raznitsyna I.A.
Published: January 2022

Experimental assessment of the possibility of using a scientific video camera for realization of non-contact photoplethysmography is carried out. In view of the wide spread of digital cameras in endoscopic units photoplethysmography based on video-image analysis is an inexpensive and promising method for solving problems of medical diagnostics. A number of requirements to the camera parameters ensuring the specified level of the registered signals coded by RGB values, to the external illumination and video image postprocessing algorithms was substantiated. It was found that at signal levels on the green channel of not less than 130 and not more than 220 a. u. (for a camera with 8-bit color coding depth), the highest level of useful pulse signal is provided. It was shown that any source of light of equivalent color temperature in the range of 3500--6500 K as well as green LEDs can be used as a light source to obtain a high-quality signal of non-contact photoplethysmography. It is demonstrated that the signal has higher signal/noise ratio when the averaging area is larger than 40 × 40 pixels than when averaging over a smaller group of pixels. The obtained results can be used for the implementation of non-contact photoplethysmography to study local blood flow based on video image analysis
Method for Calculating the Offner Compact-Size Spectrometer
Authors: Zavarzin V.I. , Zaitsev I.M. , Yakubovskiy S.V.
Published: January 2022

Significant advances in development of the optical wavelength range require high-quality optical systems to create optoelectronic equipment on their basis characterized by high speed and information capacity. A method for calculating a compact-size Offner spectrometer was developed having the advantages of its compactness, maintaining high optical characteristics and having relatively low cost in comparison with the large-size equipment. The method is based on using the Rowland circles and the coma and astigmatism correction in the image plane. Analytical expressions were obtained making it possible to calculate design parameters of the spectrometer optical scheme. Two examples of calculating optical systems for visible and infrared ranges were considered. Calculated systems were simulated in the Zemax software program. To evaluate the synthesized optical models image quality, the confusion spot radius in the image plane was used. It is demonstrated that the confusion spot radius value does not exceed the value of the radiation receiver pixel size in the considered spectral ranges. Optimization was carried out for the IR spectrometer according to overall dimensions in order to improve the design manufacturability. It is shown that the principles laid down in the method development are effective, and the method itself could be used in design and development of new small-size hyperspectral optoelectronic equipment
A INTENSIFICAÇÃO DOS PRINCÍPIOS DO MERCADO NA ORGANIZAÇÃO DAS POLÍTICAS EDUCACIONAIS: Análise do CEIPE
Authors: Mendes Valdelaine
Published: January 2022

Este artigo tem como foco a análise do Centro de Excelência e Inovação em Políticas Educacionais (Ceipe) da Fundação Getúlio Vargas (FGV), criado com o propósito de ser o primeiro think tank especializado em política educacional do Brasil. Interessa aqui discutir quais princípios e valores sustentam as propostas desta organização para a área educacional. Os think tanks atuam para dar o direcionamento das políticas, sem, entretanto, ocupar funções diretamente dentro das secretarias de educação, pois atuam por meio de assessorias, consultorias e parcerias. Ao buscar exercer influência na opinião pública um think tank age como verdadeiro produtor de determinados padrões de inserção na vida social.Palavras-chave: política educacional; think tank; mercado.THE INTENSIFICATION OF MARKET PRINCIPLES IN THE ORGANIZATIONOF EDUCATIONAL POLICIES: ANALYSIS OF CEIPEAbstractThis article focuses on the analysis of the Center for Excellence and Innovation in Educational Policies (Ceipe) of the Getulio Vargas Foundation (FGV), created with the purpose of being the first think tank specialized in educational policy in Brazil. It is interesting to discuss what principles and values support this organization's proposals for the educational area. The think tanks act to give direction to the policies, without, however, occupying functions directly within the education departments, as they act through advisory services, consultancies and partnerships. In seeking to exercise influence on public opinion, a think tank acts as a true producer of certain patterns of insertion in social life.Keywords: educational policy; think tank; market.LA INTENSIFICACIÓN DE LOS PRINCIPIOS DEL MERCADO EN LA ORGANIZACIÓN DE LAS POLÍTICAS EDUCATIVAS: ANÁLISIS DEL CEIPEResumenEste artículo se centra en el análisis del Centro para la Excelencia e Innovación en Políticas Educativas (Ceipe) de la Fundación Getúlio Vargas (FGV), creado con el propósito de ser el primer grupo de think tank especializado en política educativa en Brasil. Es interesante discutir qué principios y valores apoyan las propuestas de esta organización para el área educativa. Los think tanks actúan para guiar las políticas, sin embargo, sin ocupar funciones directamente dentro de los departamentos de educación, ya que operan a través de servicios de consultoría, consultoría y asociación. Al tratar de ejercer influencia en la opinión pública, un grupo de think tank actúa como un verdadero productor de ciertos patrones de inserción en la vida social.Palabras clave: política educativa; think tank; mercado.
MOVIMENTO NEGRO NA EDUCAÇÃO: identidade e antirracismo no currículo da EDUCAFRO
Authors: Pereira Amilcar Araujo , Santos Sara Carolina de Castilho Dâmaso dos
Published: January 2022

O principal objetivo deste artigo é realizar uma análise sobre o currículo da EDUCAFRO, uma organização do movimento negro brasileiro criada nos anos 1990 e que, desde então, mantém cursos pré-vestibulares, buscando perceber como ela procura influir na formação de subjetividades dos estudantes e quais os saberes que ela traz para esse processo de formação. A Prova de Cidadania, estratégia curricular elaborada pela EDUCAFRO a partir de um conjunto de textos chamados de Temas de Cidadania, será privilegiada em nossa análise. Este artigo é um dos resultados de uma pesquisa de mestrado e teve como metodologias a observação participante, a história oral e a análise documental.  Palavras-chave: EDUCAFRO; currículo; movimento negro; antirracismo; Identidade.BLACK MOVEMENT IN EDUCATION: identity and anti-racism in EDUCAFRO's curriculumAbstractThe main objective of this article is to analyze the curriculum of EDUCAFRO, an organization of the Brazilian black movement created in the 1990s and which has since undergone pre-university courses, seeking to understand how it aims to influence the formation of students' subjectivities and what knowledge it brings to this training process. The Citizenship Test, a curricular strategy elaborated by EDUCAFRO based on a set of texts called Themes of Citizenship, will be privileged in our analysis. This article is one of the results of a master's research and its methodologies were participant observation, oral history and document analysis.Keywords: EDUCAFRO; curriculum; black movement; anti-racism; identity.MOVIMIENTO NEGRO EN LA EDUCACIÓN: identidad y antirracismo en el currículo de EDUCAFROResumenEl principal objetivo de este artículo es realizar un análisis sobre el currículum de EDUCAFRO, una organización del movimiento negro brasileño creada en los años 1990 y que desde entonces, mantiene cursos pre-vestibulares, buscando percibir cómo ella intenta influir en la formación de subjetividades de los estudiantes y que los saberes que ella trae para ese proceso de formación. La Prueba de Ciudadanía, estrategia curricular elaborada por EDUCAFRO a partir de un conjunto de textos llamados de Temas de Ciudadanía, será privilegiada en nuestro análisis. Este artículo es uno de los resultados de una investigación de maestría y sus metodologías fueron la observación participante, la historia oral y el análisis documental.Palabras clave: EDUCAFRO; currículo; movimiento negro; antirracismo; Identidad.
Notes on Selected Optimal Weighing Designs
Authors: Graczyk Małgorzata , Ceranka Bronisław
Published: January 2022

In this paper, some problems related to the construction of highly D‑efficient spring balance weighing designs are presented. We give some conditions determining the relations between the parameters of such designs and construction examples.
Doing ethnography from within a constructivist paradigm to explore virtual communities in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Al-Saggaf Yeslam , Williamson Kirsty
Published: January 2022

Most of the studies in the recent literature focus on the method used but not the philosophy behind it. This article focuses on doing ethnography, from within a constructivist paradigm, to explore individuals’ participation in virtual communities in Saudi Arabia. An aim of this article is to highlight how particular ethnographic techniques, viz unobtrusive observation and participation, were used in that study. The article argues that doing ethnography in this way allowed for placing the results within the social and cultural context of Saudi society. The article, which includes a sample of the findings from the two techniques involved for illustration, concludes that the one-year unobtrusive observation and the eight months’ participation in two different but similar virtual communities, during the period 2001-2002, have produced findings that are deep, meaningful and rich in description.
Enhancing employee retention in supervisory support context: Role of person-organisations fit and career commitment
Authors: Khan Hafiz Ghufran Ali
Published: January 2022

Using social exchange theory (Blau, 1964), the current study examined the mediating effect of Career commitment in the relationship between supervisory support (SS) and employee retention (EE) and moderating role of Person Organisation Fit in the relationship between SS and Career Commitment. Specifically, the joint effect of mediating of career commitment and moderating role of Person Organisation Fit was examined. Data were collected from 264 respondents through questionnaire from Banking and Telecom sector (Rawalpindi and Islamabad) of Pakistan. The results show that SS has positive effect on employee retention and career commitment. The study further reveals that career commitment mediates the relationship between SS and Employee Retention and Person Organisation Fit moderates the relationship between SS and Career Commitment. The current study suggests that supervisors of banking and telecom sectors should support their subordinates to achieve their organisational goals effectively and efficiently. Person organisation fit is necessary for subordinates in organisations to complete their work and compete with their competitors.
Keywords: Supervisory support, career commitment, person-organisation fit, employee retention, supervisory;
Protección de los pueblos indígenas en situación de aislamiento voluntario
Authors: Schembri Carrasquilla Ricardo , Schembri Peña Angela
Published: January 2022

La presencia de pueblos indígenas en situación de aislamiento voluntario o contacto inicial es un fenómeno frecuente en la era actual en el continente americano; de hecho, la mayoría de ellos se encuentran ubicados en la selva Amazónica. La regulación y protección jurídica de estas comunidades, en un contexto multicultural, se erige como un desafío para el derecho, por esta razón, en el presente artículo se estudian las disposiciones de la legislación colombiana e internacional, encaminadas a proteger a los pueblos indígenas en aislamiento, identificando y analizando los principios fundamentales que rigen su protección jurídica: libre autodeterminación, no contacto, protección especial e intangibilidad territorial, en virtud de los cuales los Estados deben reconocer, respetar y proteger los territorios y culturas de estos pueblos, así como su vida e integridad individual y colectiva. Se busca analizar, desde un punto de vista sociojurídico, la tensión existente entre el deber de no intromisión del Estado y su soberanía en los territorios pertenecientes a los pueblos indígenas en aislamiento voluntario, así como la garantía del multiculturalismo y el respeto de la voluntad y autodeterminación de estos pueblos, concluyendo que se trata de un régimen jurídico sui generis que dota de derechos extraordinarios a estos pueblos y cuyo análisis amerita una investigación de derecho comparado detallada, en los países latinoamericanos.
La vida y la obra de Nilce Ariza: una académica comprometida con la transformación social
Authors: Díaz Gamboa Luis Bernardo
Published: January 2022

La profesora Nilce Ariza Barbosa desarrolló una gran tarea pedagógica a favor de las comunidades más abandonadas. El artículo –desde una óptica de historia de vida– pretende recrear su vida y su obra, como una maestra integral. Sus enfoques educativos profundamente humanistas la caracterizaron como una defensora de derechos humanos, en especial de la paz y los derechos de la mujer. Su trayectoria demostró una articulación entre la praxis y la teoría, en la línea de Orlando Fals Borda de Investigación-Acción Participativa. El artículo explora varios de sus aportes académicos en el tema económico y sociológico, así como su experiencia vital de luchas que le valieron contradicciones de las cuales salió airosa y dejó huella. La defensa de los derechos humanos, la educación para la paz, la ética impecable como manejo de la responsabilidad fueron emblemas de su vida ejemplar. Desgraciadamente, una sorpresiva enfermedad le produjo su muerte el 20 de agosto de 2020 en medio de la más virulenta pandemia que haya sufrido la humanidad en el último siglo. In memoriam.
Takhlīth as-Syifroh fī Tadrīs Mahārah al-Qirāah (Dirāsah Washfiyyah Tahlīliyyah Jāmi’ah Imam Bonjol al-Islāmiyyah Al-Hukūmiyyah Padang)
Authors: Mahesa Jaka Imam
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this study is: (1) knowing the mixed forms of code in reading learning, (2) knowing why the code mixing was used, (3) knowing the underlying contribution of reading learning. The research approach used is the qualitative analyce-descriptive approach, the research data collection technique is observation and documentation, using miles and huberman data analysis, that is, data reduction, data presentation and deduction. Research indicates that the mixing code used by the professor was elements of sentences (1) words and phrases, (2) sounds, (3) vocabulary, (4) grammar. Kind of mixing code, internal code mixing. As for the emergence of code mixing, (1) at least certain terms in Indonesian or Arabic cannot be translated, (2) academic purposes and reasons, (3) drawing attention from a speech partner. The corresponding contribution of code mixing in reading learning (1) explains I 'rab, (2) explains the meaning of a vocabulary, (3) develops a vocabulary.

Keywords: Code Mixing, Learning, Qira’ah
Pembelajaran Kursus Bahasa Arab pada Era Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Supardi Adi
Published: January 2022

Abstrak

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi perencanaan, strategi, problematika dan solusi pembelajaran kursus bahasa Arab di era pandemi Covid-19 di Pusat Bahasa UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriftif kualitatif dengan bentuk studi kasus. Perencanaan pembelajaran dengan adaptasi kurikulum berbasis online, seperti penggunaan Whatsapp, Zoom dan Youtube, pemberian tugas terstruktur secara online, kegiatan orientasi berkala, dan evaluasi. Strategi pembelajaran menggunakan media sosial untuk mahasiswa mengerjakan tugas, upload video tugas ke youtube, menghubungi melalui media whatsapp dengan menanyakan tugas pembelajaran yang diberikan oleh instruktur, dan memberikan game edukasi. Problematika pembelajaran seperti keterbatasan jaringan internet, kesulitan objektifitas penilaian emosional dan psikologis, kesulitan berbagi waktu dengan mahasiswa, kurangnya motivasi belajar, dan nilai masih di bawah standar yang ditetapkan instruktur. Solusi meliputi 2 aspek pokok yaitu teknis media dan motivasi belajar.  Teknis media sebaiknya menyiapkan internet yang memadai, memantau dan mengawasi penggunaan media oleh tim IT, dan menyusun standar operasional prosedur yang lebih detail terkait penggunaan media pembelajaran dan uji coba kelayakan media. Motivasi belajar sebaiknya  bentuk tugas lebih variatif menggunakan media sosial yang digemari mahasiswa, mengunggah konten tugas ke Youtube, dan memberikan bantuan khusus untuk mahasiswa yang belum membutuhkan pendampingan.

 Kata Kunci: Kursus bahasa Arab; Pandemi Covid-19.
Resultados clínicos del tratamiento de pacientes con hernia inguinal unilateral mediante cirugía ambulatoria
Authors: Vigil-Guerrero Roberto Ernesto , Del Castillo Yrigoyen Mario Augusto
Published: January 2022

Objetivo: Describir los resultados clínicos del tratamiento de pacientes con hernia inguinal unilateral (HIU) realizados en una unidad de cirugía mayor ambulatoria de un hospital de nivel III. Material y métodos: Se revisaron las historias clínicas de los pacientes operados de HIU en la Unidad de Cirugía Mayor ambulatoria (UCMA) del Hospital Cayetano Heredia (HCH) entre julio del 2013 y junio del 2016. Resultados: El número final de pacientes incluidos fue 154. La edad promedio fue 43 años; 101 (65,6%) fueron varones; 104 (67,5%) tenían riesgo quirúrgico ASA I; 12 (7,8%) tenían enfermedades asociadas; 94 (61,0%) se operaron con la técnica abierta, y 60 (39,0%) por la vía laparoscópica. La cirugía laparoscópica fue usada con más frecuencia en las mujeres (p=0.037). El tiempo operatorio fue mayor en la cirugía laparoscópica (p=0.033). No hubo diferencia significativa con respecto a la edad, riesgo quirúrgico, complicaciones anestésicas y complicaciones quirúrgicas entre pacientes operados con cirugía abierta y con cirugía laparoscópica. En total 34 (22%) pacientes no salieron de alta el mismo día de la cirugía: Ocho (5,2%) pacientes por presentar complicaciones y 26 (16,8%) pacientes por razones administrativas/ sociales. Conclusión: La cirugía ambulatoria de HIU en adultos realizada por la técnica abierta o laparoscópica, es un procedimiento seguro que permite el alta del paciente el mismo día de la cirugía.
eIF2α Phosphorylation in Response to Nutritional Deficiency and Stressors in the Aquaculture Fish, Rachycentron canadum
Authors: Liu Chieh Lun , Dasi Erica Amah , Watson Aaron McKenzie , Place Allen Richard , Jagus Rosemary NMI
Published: January 2022

The present study investigates the response of the marine fish cobia, Rachycentron canadum, to stressors as measured by phosphorylation of the α-subunit of the translational initiation factor, eIF2. eIF2α is the target of phosphorylation by a family of kinases that respond to a range of physiological stressors. Phosphorylation of eIF2α not only inhibits overall protein synthesis, but allows cells to reprogram gene expression to adapt to, and recover from, stress. The deduced coding sequence of cobia eIF2α has 94 % identity to both zebrafish (Danio rerio) and human eIF2α sequences with identical phosphorylation and kinase docking sites. The present study uses a cobia cell line, Cm cells, derived from muscle, as well as cobia larvae to investigate the response of cobia eIF2α to various stressors. In Cm cells, phosphorylation of eIF2α is increased by nutrient deficiency, leucinol, and ER stress, consistent with the activation of the eIF2 kinases, GCN2, and PERK. In cobia juveniles, diet and water temperature affect the phosphorylation state of eIF2α. We conclude that evaluation of eIF2α phosphorylation could function as an early marker to evaluate diet, aquaculture stressors and disease in cobia and may be of particular use in the optimization of conditions for raising cobia larvae and juveniles.
A Bayesian Model for Annual Crop Phenological Parameter Estimation Using Optical High Resolution Image Time Series
Authors: Inglada Jordi
Published: January 2022

Vegetation status assessment is crucial for agricultural monitoring and management. Vegetation indices derived from high resolution image time series can be used to derive key phenological parameters for annual crops. In this work, we propose a procedure for the estimation of these parameters and their associated uncertainties. The approach uses Bayesian inference through Markov Chain Monte Carlo in order to obtain the full joint posterior distribution of the phenological parameters given the satellite observations. The proposed algorithm is quantitatively validated on synthetic data. Its use on real data is presented together with an application to real-time within season estimation allowing for phenology forecasting.
Orphan Receptors in Prostate Cancer
Authors: Sakellakis Minas
Published: January 2022

Background: The identification of new cellular receptors has been increasing rapidly. A receptor is called “orphan” if an endogenous ligand has not been identified yet. Methods: Here we review receptors that contribute to prostate cancer and are considered orphan or partially orphan. This means that the full spectrum of their endogenous ligands remains unknown. Results: The orphan receptors are divided into two major families. The first group includes G protein-coupled receptors. Most are orphan olfactory receptors. OR51E1 inhibits cell proliferation and induces senescence in prostate cancer. OR51E2 inhibits prostate cancer growth, but promotes invasiveness and metastasis. GPR158, GPR110 and GPCR-X play significant roles in prostate cancer development and progression. However, GPR160 induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. The other major subset of orphan receptors are nuclear receptors. RORα inhibits tumor growth, but RORγ stimulates androgen receptor signaling. PXR contributes to metabolic deactivation of androgens and inhibits cell proliferation. TLX has pro-tumorigenic effects in prostate cancer, while its knockdown triggers cellular senescence and growth arrest. Estrogen-related receptor ERRγ can inhibit tumor growth but ERRα is pro-tumorigenic. Dax1 and Shp are also inhibitory in prostate cancer. Conclusion: There is a “zoo” of relatively underappreciated orphan receptors that play key roles in prostate cancer.
Novel ABC Transporter Associated with Fluconazole Resistance in Aging of Cryptococcus neoformans
Authors: Oliveira Natalia Kronbauer , Bhattacharya Somanon , Gambhir Rina , Joshi Manav , Fries Bettina C
Published: January 2022

Cryptococcus neoformans causes meningoencephalitis in immunocompromised individuals, which is treated with Fluconazole (FLC) monotherapy when resources are limited. This can lead to azole resistance, which can be mediated by overexpression of ABC transporters, a class of efflux pumps. ABC pump-mediated efflux of FLC is also augmented in 10-generation old C. neoformans cells. Here, we describe a new ABC transporter Afr3 (CNAG_06909), which is overexpressed in C. neoformans cells of advanced generational age, that accumulate during chronic infection. The delta-afr3 mutant strain showed higher FLC susceptibility by FLC E-Test strip testing and also by a killing test that measured survival after 3 h FLC exposure. Furthermore, delta-afr3 cells exhibited lower Rhodamine 6G efflux compared to the H99 wild type cells. Afr3 was expressed in the Saccharomyces cerevisiae AD-delta strain, which lacks several drug transporters, thus reducing background transport. The AD-delta + Afr3 strain demonstrated a higher efflux with both Rhodamine 6G and Nile Red, even though the FLC MICs were not changed. Characterization of the delta-afr3 mutant revealed unattenuated growth but a prolongation (22%) of the replicative life span. In addition, delta-afr3 exhibited decreased resistance to macrophage killing and attenuated virulence in the Galleria mellonella infection model. In summary, our data indicate that a novel ABC pump Afr3p, which is upregulated in C. neoformans cells of advanced age may contribute to their enhanced FLC tolerance, by promoting drug efflux. Lastly, its role in macrophage resistance may also contribute to the selection of older C. neoformans cells during chronic infection.
Lamellar Tetragonal Symmetry of Amphiphilic Thermotropic Ionic Liquid Crystals in the Framework of Other Closely Related Highly Ordered Organizations
Authors: Arkas Michael , Douloudi Marilina , Vardavoulias Michail , Katsika Theodora
Published: January 2022

An overview of the chemical compounds forming the rare smectic T phases is cited with references to the historical context. Thermodynamics (transition temperatures, enthalpies) along with the factors (stereochemical constraints, electrostatic interactions, aliphatic chain stacking, intermolecular forces) contributing to the adoption of tetragonal scaffolds are also discussed. Characteristic optical microscopy textures and x-rays diffraction patterns are presented. In parallel, a comparison of the geometrical parameters such as distances between atoms, molecular areas, volumes, and lattice parameters with the closest two-dimensional and three-dimensional organizations, is performed.
A single-case design investigation for measuring the efficacy of Gestalt therapy to treat depression in older adults with dementia in Italy and in Mexico: a research protocol
Authors: Merizzi Alessandra , Biasi Rosanna , Zamudio José Fernando Álvarez , Spagnuolo Lobb Margherita , Santini Sara
Published: January 2022

Psychotherapy is one of the evidence-based clinical interventions for the treatment of depression in older adults with dementia. Randomized Controlled Trials are often the first methodological choice to gain evidence, yet they are not applicable to a wide range of humanistic psychotherapies. Amongst all, the efficacy of the Gestalt therapy (GT) is under-investigated. The purpose of this paper is to present a research protocol aiming to assess the effects of a GT-based intervention on people with dementia (PWD) and the indirect influence on their family carers. The study implements the Single-Case Experimental Design with Time-Series Analysis that will be carried out in Italy and Mexico. Ten people in each country, who received a diagnosis of dementia and present depressive symptoms, will be recruited. Eight or more GT sessions will be provided whose fidelity will be assessed by the GT Fidelity Scale. Quantitative outcome measures are foreseen for monitoring participants’ depression, anxiety, quality of life, carers’ burden, and the caregiving dyad mutuality, at baseline and follow-up. The advantages and limitations of the research design are considered. If GT will result effective in the treatment of depression in PWD, it could enrich the range of evidence-based interventions provided by healthcare services.
The Short Survey of ICT in Education in Japan
Authors: Fujita Takaaki
Published: January 2022

Information and Communication Technology (ICT) education has attracted attention in recent years. Despite the importance of the spread of the reason for this low spread rate is that there are many issues specific to ICT education such as monetary cost, time, environment, teacher education system, motivation, curriculum, and health problems. The reason for this low spread rate is that there are many issues specific to ICT education such as monetary cost, time, environment, teacher education system, motivation, curriculum, and health problems. In this paper, we investigated and considered the issues in ICT education from 10 viewpoints. In this paper, we investigated and considered the issues in ICT education in Japan from 10 viewpoints. There are a number of conclusions obtained in this paper. The main conclusions is as follows: (1)Monetary cost is the most important issue; (2)It is necessary to teach not only technology but also theory and common sense; The main conclusions are as follows: (1)Monetary cost is the most important issue; (2)It is necessary to teach not only technology but also theory and common sense; (3)It is necessary to urgently prepare an environment that requires ICT education after considering issues.
Trends in Road Accidents on Brazil’s Highways: Evidence of Persistence
Authors: Gil-Alana Luis Alberiko , Wanke Peter , Tan Yong
Published: January 2022

This paper deals with the analysis of trends in road accidents on major highways in Brazil. Using updated time series techniques, our results indicate that a low degree of long memory was detected in the series with shocks having transitory effects over time. We further find that the number of accidents taking place in Brazil has been reducing over time, though in the presence of negative shocks, the recovery is not going to be immediate due to the long memory nature of the data. Despite the absence of relevant investment relating to infrastructure expansion, it is worth mentioning the consolidation of a nationwide tolled road system in Brazil involving concessions to private administrators, alongside more severe traffic laws that can impose limitations on driving licences.
Analisis Morfologi Prekursor NMC811 dari Mix Hydroxide Precipitate (MHP) dengan Presipitan Asam Oksalat
Authors: Dharmawan Adhitya , Hakam Miftakhul , Arinawati Meidiana , Yudha Cornelius Satria , Purwanto Agus
Published: January 2022

Morfologi material merupakan salah satu aspek yang berpengaruh pada kualitas material katoda baterai Li-ion atau LIBs, salah satunya material katoda LiNi0,8Mn0,1Co0,1O2 atau NMC811. Semakin baik distribusi ukuran dan butiran partikel, maka semakin baik pula kualitas dari produk akhir NMC811. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk sintesis dan analisis prekursor NMC811 (Ni0,8Mn0,1Co0,1C2O4) dengan mixed hydroxide precipitate atau MHP sebagai sumber Ni. Pada penelitian ini, prekursor NMC811 oksalat diperoleh dengan melarutkan MHP, CoSO4 dan MnSO4 pada larutan asam asetat. Larutan yang terbentuk dipresipitasi dengan asam oksalat sehingga membentuk endapan prekursor NMC811 oksalat. Instrumen pengujian SEM-EDX digunakan dalam mengevaluasi karakteristik morfologi sampel. Studi komparasi morfologi prekursor NMC811 dengan MHP juga dilakukan. prekursor Berdasarkan analisis komposisional menggunakan EDX, komposisi atom C, O, Mn, Co dan Ni secara berturut-turut 15,21±0.55%; 57,64±1.37%; 4,47±0.59%; 4,20±0.74%; dan18,48±1.71%. Sementara itu, analisis menggunakan SEM menunjukkan bahwa prekursor NMC811 memiliki bentuk dan ukuran partikel yang cenderung seragam dan lebih kompak dibandingkan MHP yang memiliki bentuk dan ukuran yang lebih bervariasi. Sintesis awal NMC811 dengan presipitan asam oksalat dapat meningkatkan keseragaman morfologi yang baik, sehingga nantinya dapat dihasilkan produk akhir NMC811 yang baik pula.
FOOD AND NUTRITION AWARENESS SYSTEMS IN THE CITY OF SURAKARTA
Authors: Amanto Bambang Sigit , Prabawa Sigit , Kawiji Kawji , Yudhistira Bara
Published: January 2022

Surakarta City is one of the cities in Central Java which is vulnerable to food insecurity events, especially transient food insecurity. This is because the city of Surakarta is a disaster-prone area from flooding, strong winds and landslides. This will have an impact on nutrition and food access for the people of Surakarta City when a disaster occurs. The role of the SKPG is very important in providing information for the Surakarta City government regarding the condition of food and nutrition, so that the response to food insecurity can be right on target. The SKPG is compiled by collecting data according to categories, which are then processed for policy making from the Surakarta City government. The quality of public food consumption in Surakarta City, Central Java is still far from ideal. This is indicated by the score of the Expected Food Pattern (PPH) which was still in the range of 80.8% in 2016 which was even lower than 2014 which reached 90.3%. However, in 2019 PPH for Surakarta City was 94%, higher than the national target (92%) based on SKPG annual report of Surakarta City 2019. Apart from the low level of public awareness, the economic condition of the residents can also be the cause of this low quality of food. The decreasing purchasing power of the people is directly proportional to their ability to meet the nutritional standards of the food they consume. The problem of low quality food consumption does not only occur in Central Java, but also nationally. The facts show that Indonesia is ranked the country with the worst food nutrition in the world. This is indicated by the still high number of children under five with weight and height not according to age, which is in the range of 37%, obesity is 12%, and thinness of 11%, this has the potential to lead to greater stunting cases. The occurrence of food and nutrition insecurity is generally caused by not meeting the amount of agricultural production to meet food needs in the region. SKPG is implemented as a measure to anticipate and overcome food insecurity in Surakarta. SKPG should be able to become a guideline so that even distribution and improvement of food security can be done. Based on the explanation of these problems, it is necessary to develop a Food and Nutrition Precautions System in Surakarta City.

Key words: Food, Nutrition, SKPG, Surakarta, Vigilance
PELATIHAN PEMBUATAN ES KRIM BAYAM BAGI IBU-IBU DI KELURAHAN JATIPULO, PALMERAH, JAKARTA BARAT
Authors: Pramitasari Rianita , Lianto Dennys Kurniawan , Alexander Hugo , Sustaningrum Rakhdiny , Darmono Syarief
Published: January 2022

The majority of the population in Jatipulo village, Palmerah, Wes Jakarta, work as laborers with incomes below the minimum wage of the city. Meanwhile, most of the women are housewives who have no income. The community service aimed to train their skill and foster an entrepreneurial spirit by processing spinach into ice cream. The ice cream processing aims to extend the shelf life of spinach and increase its selling value. The methods used in this empowering program were teaching and training, with the following activities: (1) teaching of spinach nutrient content, spinach benefits, and the theory of the processing of spinach ice cream, (2) the practice of making spinach ice cream production, and (3) monitoring and evaluation. In general, training activities have been running smoothly without any sign of constraints. Participants play an active role during the training in both the discussion and practice. The driving factor of the activity is the curiosity of the participants to innovate the processing of spinach into products that have more value. Based on the monitoring results, the participants had several times made spinach ice cream for their consumption. It can be concluded that the program has provided insight into new knowledge related to spinach and the processing of spinach into ice cream that has more value. Intensive and sustained mentoring is required for the women who want to make their spinach ice cream as one of the products for entrepreneurship.

Keywords: Ice Cream, Spinach, Training
Quantitative Evaluation of Vitreous Opacities Using Motion Video Through Slit-Lamp Examination
Authors: Furukawa Shota , Matsui Wakana , Suetake Noriaki , Uchino Eiji , Yamashiro Chiemi , Takabatake Ryu , Takahashi Makiko , Kimura Kazuhiro ,   National Institute of Technology, Kagoshima College  1460-1 Shinko, Hayato, Kirishima, Kagoshima 899-5193, Japan,   Graduate School of Science and Technology for Innovation, Yamaguchi University  1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi, Yamaguchi 753-8512, Japan,   Fuzzy Logic Systems Institute  680-41 Kawazu, Iizuka, Fukuoka 820-0067, Japan,   Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University 1-1-1 Minamikogushi, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8505, Japan,   Takabatake Nishi Ganka 138-101 Tanaka, Kita, Okayama, Okayama 700-0951, Japan
Published: January 2022

This study proposed a quantitative evaluation method for vitreous opacities using motion video. The proposed method focused on moving turbidity in the vitreous. The moving turbidity appeared as an inter-frame difference, which was calculated from two consecutive frames. Therefore, the degree of vitreous opacity was estimated using this inter-frame difference. The proposed method was applied in the experiments to actual motion videos obtained using slit-lamp examination. The effectiveness of method was confirmed using the t-test and linear discriminant method.
Moving Object Grasping Method of Mechanical Arm Based on Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient and Hindsight Experience Replay
Authors: Peng Jian , Yuan Yi ,   School of Automation, China University of Geosciences 388 Lumo Road, Hongshan District, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China,   Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Control and Intelligent Automation for Complex Systems 388 Lumo Road, Hongshan District, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China,   Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Technology for Geo-Exploration, Ministry of Education 388 Lumo Road, Hongshan District, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
Published: January 2022

The mechanical arm is an important component in many types of robots; however, in certain production lines, the conventional grasp strategy cannot satisfy the demands of modern production because of several interference factors such as vibration, noise, and light pollution. This paper proposes a new grasping method for manipulators in stamping automatic production lines. Considering the factors that affect grasping in the production environment, the deep deterministic policy gradient (DDPG) method is selected in this study as the basic reinforcement-learning algorithm, and this algorithm is used to grasp moving objects in stamping automatic production lines. Owing to the low success rate of the conventional DDPG algorithm, the hindsight experience replay (HER) is used to improve the sample utilization efficiency of the agent and learn more effective tracking strategies. Simulation results show an 82% mean success rate of the optimized DDPG-HER algorithm, which is 31% better than that of the conventional DDPG algorithm. This method provides ideas for the research and design of the sorting system used in stamping automation production lines.
A Color Calibration Method Based on Color Component Projection for Suppression of False Color Caused by Iterative Distribution Transfer
Authors: Xu Dongsheng , Bao Shi , Tanaka Go , Yang Chuanying , Zuo Fengyun ,   School of Information Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology 49 Aimin Street, Xincheng District, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010051, China
1 Yamanohata, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 467-8501, Japan,   School of Computer and Information, Inner Mongolia Medical University Jinchuan Development Zone, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010110, China
Published: January 2022

Different imaging conditions often result in different color reproductions. Hence, color reproductions must be calibrated when images are captured under different imaging conditions. Herein, a new color calibration method based on iterative distributed transfer (IDT) is proposed. IDT is used to preliminarily calibrate color reproductions, and the results are known as preliminary results. Because IDT may result in unnatural colors, namely false colors, the projected color components of the input image are used to suppress the false colors, and the results are the final results. To obtain the final results, a series of projection coefficients must be calculated. By minimizing the objective function, in which the preliminary results are used as the target for the final results, the projection coefficients are calculated. Simultaneously, the weight associated with the false color is incorporated into the objective function such that the final results do not depend significantly on the preliminary results when the IDT yields false colors. Meanwhile, to quantitatively evaluate the false color, a false color index is proposed herein. The proposed method can suppress false colors and offers high color-adjustment capabilities. The effectiveness of the method is verified based on evaluation indexes and the observation of experimental results.
Les ruralitats. Els micropobles de Lleida
Authors:   Càtedra d’Estudis Socioeconòmics i Despoblament del Territori Rural de Lleida
Published: January 2022

Aquest primer llibre de la Càtedra d’Estudis Socioeconòmics i Despoblament del Territori Rural de Lleida pretén ser una primera aproximació a les ruralitats de les comarques de Lleida mitjançant una diagnosi a nivell múltiple, emmarcat en un retrat dels discursos i les polítiques a escala internacional (especialment de la Unió Europea [capítol 1]) i estatal [capítol 2]). I ja centrats en Lleida, s’aprofundeix en la situació i l’evolució des de la perspectiva de la demografia i la geografia humana (capítol 3), per continuar amb l’urbanisme (capítol 4), el mercat laboral (capítol 5), els serveis socials (capítol 6), els serveis sanitaris (capítol 7) i els serveis educatius (capítol 8). La redacció d’aquests textos ha partit de fonts existents (secundàries) i en alguns casos, pocs, de treballs de camp necessaris per aprofundir en llacunes existents. I ha de representar el punt de partida de l’anàlisi de les realitats rurals de Lleida i de les diverses situacions i experiències dels que hi resideixen.
Dasar-Dasar Moderasi dalam Epistemologi Pendidikan Islam Perspektif Al-Qur’an
Authors: Kerwanto Kerwanto
Published: January 2022

Artikel ini mengeksplorasi dasar-dasar moderasi yang tergali dari ayat-ayat Al-Quran yang dapat dijadikan sebagai pijakan epistemologi pendidikan dalam Islam. Nilai penting kajian ini adalah kritik terhadap epistemologi pendidikan modern Barat yang mengesampingkan metafisika sebagai pendekatan dan kajian dalam epistemologi. Melalui artikel ini, penulis hendak menjadikan uraian tentang ontologi dan aksiologi manusia perspektif Al-Qur’an sebagai pijakan epistemologi dalam pendidikan. Hal ini urgen dilakukan sebab dasar-dasar epistemologi pendidikan tidak bisa dilepaskan dari cara pandang manusia terhadap ontologi dan aksiologi.  Melalui analisa ayat-ayat Al-Qur’an, tergambarkan bahwa manusia tercipta secara moderat. Dimensi-dimensi inheren pada realitas ontologi manusia- seperti: aspek dhahir-batin, jasmani-ruhani, fisik-metafisik, individu (privat)-sosial- diberikan perhatian secara serius oleh Al-Quran dan ditempatkan pada posisinya masing-masing. Pembahasan menarik lainnya dalam artikel ini adalah uraian nilai-nilai etis-aksiologis perspektif Al-Qur’an yang moderat seperti adanya pengaruh akhlak, keluarga, ibadah dan doa terhadap pengembangan aspek jasmani dan ruhani manusia. Terkait dengan pendekatan penelitian, artikel ini bisa disebut sebagai kajian tafsir tematik sebab penulis berusaha untuk mengumpulkan ayat-ayat Al-Qur’an dalam suatu tema tertentu kemudian meneliti keterkaitan antar ayat-ayat tersebut sehingga dihasilkan sebuah konsep umum.
Discurso de ódio nos contextos alemão e brasileiro
Authors: Harff Graziela , Duque Marcelo Schenk
Published: January 2022

O discurso de ódio é uma das temáticas mais desafiadoras do constitucionalismo contemporâneo, construindo um debate em torno dos limites e restrições que podem recair sobre a liberdade de expressão. O tema ganha relevância em face da difusão das redes sociais e dos conteúdos por elas transmitidos, envolvendo, ainda, a questão da eficácia dos direitos fundamentais nas relações privadas. O estudo propõe uma análise do tema sob as perspectivas alemã e brasileira. O artigo apresenta as principais diferenças existentes de acordo com os sistemas jurídicos e peculiaridades concernentes, bem como estabelece as contribuições que podem ser feitas a partir dos modelos estudados para o aprimoramento do debate no Brasil. Emprega-se, para tanto, a metodologia hipotético-dedutivo, com ênfase dogmática.
Systematic Isolation of Key Parameters for Estimating Skeletal Maturity on Anteroposterior Wrist Radiographs
Authors: Furdock Ryan J. , Huang Lauren F. , Sanders James O. , Cooperman Daniel R. , Liu Raymond W.
Published: January 2022

Background:

The ability to make a continuous skeletal maturity estimate from a wrist radiograph would be useful in the treatment of adolescent forearm fractures, scoliosis, and other conditions. We attempted to create a reliable, rapid, and accurate method to do this.

Methods:

Many anteroposterior wrist radiographic parameters from 3 skeletal maturity systems were simplified to 23 based on relevance to the peripubertal age range, univariate correlation with skeletal maturity, and reliability. These 23 parameters were evaluated on serial peripubertal anteroposterior hand-wrist radiographs. We determined the Greulich and Pyle (GP) skeletal age and Sanders hand system (SHS) stage. We used stepwise linear regression and generalized estimating equation (GEE) procedures to identify important radiographic and demographic parameters for estimating skeletal maturity, creating the “Modified Fels wrist skeletal maturity system.” Its accuracy predicting skeletal maturity was evaluated and compared with that of 4 other systems: (1) GP system, (2) SHS, (3) GP parameters along with age and sex, and (4) SHS parameters along with age and sex.

Results:

Three hundred and seventy-two radiographs of 42 girls (age range, 7 to 15 years) and 38 boys (age range, 9 to 16 years) were included. Fifteen radiographic parameters were excluded from the Modified Fels wrist system by stepwise regression and GEE analyses, leaving age, sex, and 8 radiographic parameters in the final model. Use of the Modified Fels wrist system resulted in more accurate skeletal maturity estimations (0.34-year mean discrepancy with actual skeletal maturity) than all other systems (p < 0.001 for all). The Modified Fels wrist system had a similar rate of outlier skeletal maturity estimations as the age, sex, and SHS model (1.9% versus 3.5%, p = 0.11) and fewer outliers than all other systems (p < 0.05 for all).

Conclusions:

A system that included demographic factors and 8 anteroposterior wrist radiographic parameters estimates skeletal maturity more accurately than the 2 most-used skeletal maturity systems in the United States.

Clinical Relevance:

The Modified Fels wrist skeletal maturity system may allow for more accurate, reliable, and rapid skeletal maturity estimation than current systems, and also may be used when treating adolescent forearm fractures as it does not require imaging past the metacarpals.

Level of Evidence:

Diagnostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Chesterton Motifs in the Works of S.L. Frank
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Matsan Konstantin M.
Published: January 2022

The article considers the reception of the ideas of G.K. Chesterton by S.L. Frank: (1) direct quotes from Chesterton in Frank’s writings; (2) Frank’s reproduction of the Chestertonian ideas without reference to the writer; (3) the coincidence of two intuitions without borrowing. Motives of the second and third types are con­sidered for the first time. It is shown that the main source of borrowing for Frank is Chesterton’s Orthodoxy. Frank’s use of the Chesterton concept of “common sense” is noted: both thinkers insist that it is the religious worldview that recog­nizes both the visible and invisible layers of being that is “common sense”, while the materialistic worldview is the result of reduction, “narrowing of the spiritual horizon”. The constructions of Frank and Chesterton converge in emphasizing the beingness of the world and man and in the theme of the absolute ideal as a condition of social progress. The article states, that Сhesterton ideas appears in the writings of Frank in the expatriate period, when religious topics are becom­ing important for him. Engaging the argumentative moves of an English Chris­tian apologist mainly takes place in texts where Frank himself addresses the apologetic problems: The Downfall of Idols, Religion and Science, God With Us, but can be also traced in Frank’s key metaphysical works The Incomprehensible and Reality and Man.