bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A cryptic microdeletion del(12)(p11.21p11.23) within an unbalanced translocation t(7;12)(q21.13;q23.1) implicates new candidate loci for intellectual disability and Kallmann syndrome
Authors: Ben-Mahmoud Afif , Kishikawa Shotaro , Gupta Vijay , Leach Natalia T. , Shen Yiping , Moldovan Oana , Goel Himanshu , Hopper Bruce , Ranguin Kara , Gruchy Nicolas , Maas Saskia M , Lacassie Yves , Kim Soo-Hyun , Kim Woo-Yang , Quade Bradley J. , Morton Cynthia C. , Kim Cheol-Hee , Layman Lawrence C. , Kim Hyung-Goo
Published: August 2023

In a patient diagnosed with both Kallmann syndrome (KS) and intellectual disability (ID), who carried an apparently balanced translocation t(7;12)(q22;q24)dn, array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) disclosed a cryptic heterozygous 4.7 Mb deletion del(12)(p11.21p11.23), unrelated to the translocation breakpoint. This novel discovery prompted us to consider the possibility that the combination of KS and neurological disorder in this patient could be attributed to gene(s) within this specific deletion at 12p11.21-12p11.23, rather than disrupted or dysregulated genes at the translocation breakpoints. To further support this hypothesis, we expanded our study by screening five candidate genes at both breakpoints of the chromosomal translocation in a cohort of 48 KS patients. However, no mutations were found, thus reinforcing our supposition. In order to delve deeper into the characterization of the 12p11.21-12p11.23 region, we enlisted six additional patients with small copy number variations (CNVs) and analyzed eight individuals carrying small CNVs in this region from the DECIPHER database. Our investigation utilized a combination of complementary approaches. Firstly, we conducted a comprehensive phenotypic-genotypic comparison of reported CNV cases. Additionally, we reviewed knockout animal models that exhibit phenotypic similarities to human conditions. Moreover, we analyzed reported variants in candidate genes and explored their association with corresponding phenotypes. Lastly, we examined the interacting genes associated with these phenotypes to gain further insights. As a result, we identified a dozen candidate genes: TSPAN11 as a potential KS candidate gene, TM7SF3, STK38L, ARNTL2, ERGIC2, TMTC1, DENND5B, and ETFBKMT as candidate genes for the neurodevelopmental disorder, and INTS13, REP15, PPFIBP1, and FAR2 as candidate genes for KS with ID. Notably, the high-level expression pattern of these genes in relevant human tissues further supported their candidacy. Based on our findings, we propose that dosage alterations of these candidate genes may contribute to sexual and/or cognitive impairments observed in patients with KS and/or ID. However, the confirmation of their causal roles necessitates further identification of point mutations in these candidate genes through next-generation sequencing.
Intradermal administration of DNA vaccine targeting Omicron SARS-CoV-2 via pyro-drive jet injector provides the prolonged neutralizing antibody production via germinal center reaction
Authors: Hayashi Hiroki , Sun Jiao , Yanagida Yuka , Otera Takako , Tai Jiayu A. , Nishikawa Tomoyuki , Yamashita Kunihiko , Sakaguchi Naoki , Yoshida Shota , Baba Satoshi , Chang Chin Yang , Shimamura Munehisa , Okamoto Sachiko , Amaishi Yasunori , Chono Hideto , Mineno Junichi , Rakugi Hiromi , Morishita Ryuichi , Nakagami Hironori
Published: August 2023

Emerging SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variants are highly contagious with enhanced immune escape mechanisms against the initially approved COVID-19 vaccines. Therefore, we require stable alternative-platform vaccines that confer protection against newer variants of SARS-CoV-2. We designed an Omicron B.1.1.529 specific DNA vaccine using our DNA vaccine platform and evaluated the humoral and cellular immune responses. SD rats intradermally administered with Omicron-specific DNA vaccine via pyro-drive jet injector (PJI) thrice at 2-week intervals elicited high antibody titers against the Omicron subvariants as well as the ancestral strain. Indeed, the Omicron B.1.1.529-specific antibody titer and neutralizing antibody were higher than that of other strains. Longitudinal monitoring indicated that anti-spike (ancestral and Omicron) antibody titers decreased toward 30 weeks after the first vaccination dose. However, neutralization activity remained unaltered. Germinal center formation was histologically detected in lymph nodes in rats immunized with Omicron DNA vaccine. Ancestral spike-specific immune cell response was slightly weaker than Omicron spike-specific response in splenocytes with Omicron-adapted DNA vaccine, evaluated by ELISpot assay. Collectively, our findings suggest that Omicron targeting DNA vaccines via PJI can elicit robust durable antibody production mediated by germinal center reaction against this new variant as well as partially against the spike protein of other SARS-CoV-2 variants.
Intraoperative use of fibrin glue in blepharoplasty: a possible solution to reduce postoperative complication
Authors: Lee Kangmin , Chang Minwook
Published: August 2023

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of intraoperative fibrin glue use on surgery for blepharoptosis. This retrospective study included patients with acquired blepharoptosis who underwent surgical correction and were followed for at least one month. Patients were classified into two groups depending on whether treated with antithrombotic agents or otherwise. All patients taking antithrombotic agents discontinued with the treatment one week prior to surgery in accordance with our clinical guidelines. Preoperative and postoperative marginal reflex distance 1(MRD1) and ecchymosis grade were evaluated and compared. The subjects were 56 patients (111 eyes) who discontinued antithrombotic agents before surgery and 59 patients (117 eyes) who had never taken antithrombotic agents. Fibrin glue was used in 13 patients (26 eyes, 23.4%) in the antithrombotic group, and 11 patients (21 eyes, 17.9%) in the non-antithrombotic group. The rate of severe ecchymosis was significantly lower in patients who used fibrin glue in the antithrombotic group at 1 week (11.5 vs 40.0%, p = 0.008). However, in non-antithrombotic group, there was no difference in the rate of severe ecchymosis according to the use of fibrin glue at 1 week (14.3 vs 30.2%, p = 0.181). In patients with a history of taking antithrombotic agents, the intraoperative use of fibrin glue is thought to be helpful as it could significantly reduce significant ecchymosis.
Reference intervals and sources of variation of pressure pain threshold for quantitative sensory testing in a Japanese population
Authors: Suzuki Hidenori , Tahara Shu , Mitsuda Mao , Funaba Masahiro , Fujimoto Kazuhiro , Ikeda Hiroaki , Izumi Hironori , Yukata Kiminori , Seki Kazushige , Uranami Kota , Ichihara Kiyoshi , Nishida Norihiro , Sakai Takashi
Published: August 2023

Quantitative sensory testing (QST) is useful when analysing musculoskeletal pain disorders. A handheld algometer is most commonly used for pressure pain threshold (PPT) tests. However, reference intervals for PPTs are not elucidated. We assessed reference intervals of PPTs for QST in 158 healthy adult Japanese with no history of musculoskeletal or neurological problems. A handheld algometer was used to record PPT at five different assessment sites on the body: lumbar paravertebral muscle, musculus gluteus maximus, quadriceps, tibialis anterior muscle, and anterior talofibular ligament. Multiple regression analysis was performed to explore sources of variation of PPT according to sex, age, body mass index, UCLA Activity Level Rating, and Tegner Activity Score. Reference intervals were determined parametrically by Gaussian transformation of PPT values using the two-parameter Box-Cox formula. Results of multiple regression analysis revealed that age was significantly associated with PPT of lumbar paravertebral muscle and musculus gluteus maximus. In females, body mass index showed significant positive correlation with PPT of anterior talofibular ligament, and UCLA Activity Level Rating also showed significant positive association with tibialis anterior muscle and anterior talofibular ligament. Site-specific reference intervals of PPTs for Japanese are of practical relevance in fields of pain research using a handheld algometer.
Design and development of high precision four roll CNC roll bending machine and automatic control model
Authors: Jing Yigang , Jiang Shangsheng , Sun Qun , Zhao Ying , Song Zhihao , Meng Xiangyan , Li Hengzhen
Published: August 2023

In recent years, advancements in industries such as aerospace, military weaponry, automobiles, locomotives, and shipbuilding have led to a surge in the demand for bent and rolled components, along with increasingly stringent requirements for rolling precision. However, the traditional hydraulic cylinder feeding solution has hindered further enhancements in the accuracy of rolled profile contours. Additionally, owing to variations in profile specifications, material properties, and an assortment of random factors during the forming process, the applicability of existing forming formulas remains limited, rendering them suitable only for profile processing under specific circumstances. To address these challenges, servo electric cylinders have been introduced as a replacement for traditional hydraulic cylinders, and the mechanical structure of a four-roll bending machine has been re-engineered. This innovation has demonstrated the feasibility of employing servo electric cylinders in four-roll CNC bending machines for profile bending, resulting in higher control precision and faster response times, ultimately providing a comprehensive design solution for four-roll CNC bending machines. In response to the limited universality of existing forming formulas, the actual R (profile forming curvature) and d (servo electric cylinder feed) values from the four-roll CNC bending machine have been utilized, and curve fitting methods have been implemented as the foundation for the automatic control model. This approach offers a high degree of universality, making it suitable for a wide range of applications. Moreover, as the number of trials increased, forming precision progressively improved.
Finite element analysis and structure optimization of a gantry-type high-precision machine tool
Authors: Chan Tzu-Chi , Ullah Aman , Roy Bedanta , Chang Shinn-Liang
Published: August 2023

The high-precision machine tool’s dynamic, static, and rigid nature directly affects the machining efficiency and surface quality. Static and dynamic analyses are essential for the design and improvement of precision machine to ensure good tool performance under difficult and demanding machining conditions. In this study, the performance of a high-precision machine tool was analyzed using its virtual model created using CAD. Static and model analysis using ANSYS Workbench software was conducted to establish the tool's static deformation and static stiffness. Furthermore, the static and dynamic characteristics of the tool were explored using a finite element modeling approach to study their performance. In particular, the structure, static force, modal, frequency spectrum, and topology optimization of machine tools were primarily analyzed. Using model analysis, we found the first four different frequencies (22.5, 28.9, 40.6, and 47.4 Hz) and vibration type, which suggested of a weak link. Further static structural analysis revealed that the deformation of the spindle was 67.26 μm. An experimental static rigidity analysis was performed, and the experimental deformation values of the tool and spindle were obtained. The static and dynamic characteristics, as well as the accuracy and efficiency of the finite element model, were verified by comparing the data with the finite element analysis (FEA) results. Subsequently, we modified the settings and analysis model to ensure that the analysis results were consistent with the experimental findings. The error between the two results was within 1.56%. For an applied load of 5000 N on the spindle nose, the tool nose transient response was 0.5 s based on transient analysis. Under the condition that the structural deformation is as constant as possible, the lightweight structure may achieve the minimum weight and enhance the natural frequency; thus, the ideal structure will be obtained, and finite element analysis will then be performed. The optimal conditions for topology optimization include a lightweight structure, reduced structural deformation, and increased natural frequency of the structure. The developed method improves structural optimization, increases the ability of the product to be manufactured, and offers designers a variety of price-effective options.
Machine learning and metagenomics reveal shared antimicrobial resistance profiles across multiple chicken farms and abattoirs in China
Authors: Baker Michelle , Zhang Xibin , Maciel-Guerra Alexandre , Dong Yinping , Wang Wei , Hu Yujie , Renney David , Hu Yue , Liu Longhai , Li Hui , Tong Zhiqin , Zhang Meimei , Geng Yingzhi , Zhao Li , Hao Zhihui , Senin Nicola , Chen Junshi , Peng Zixin , Li Fengqin , Dottorini Tania
Published: August 2023

China is the largest global consumer of antimicrobials and improving surveillance methods could help to reduce antimicrobial resistance (AMR) spread. Here we report the surveillance of ten large-scale chicken farms and four connected abattoirs in three Chinese provinces over 2.5 years. Using a data mining approach based on machine learning, we analysed 461 microbiomes from birds, carcasses and environments, identifying 145 potentially mobile antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) shared between chickens and environments across all farms. A core set of 233 ARGs and 186 microbial species extracted from the chicken gut microbiome correlated with the AMR profiles ofEscherichia colicolonizing the same gut, includingArcobacter, AcinetobacterandSphingobacterium, clinically relevant for humans, and 38 clinically relevant ARGs. Temperature and humidity in the barns were also correlated with ARG presence. We reveal an intricate network of correlations between environments, microbial communities and AMR, suggesting multiple routes to improving AMR surveillance in livestock production.
Colloidal semiconductor nanocrystals: from bottom-up nanoarchitectonics to energy harvesting applications
Authors: Dalui Amit , Ariga Katsuhiko , Acharya Somobrata
Published: August 2023

This feature article provides a comprehensive overview on the synthesis, properties, and energy harvesting applications of colloidal semiconductor nanocrystals.
Increase in anionic Fe3O4 nanoparticle-induced membrane poration and vesicle deformation due to membrane potential – an experimental study
Authors: Moniruzzaman Md. , Karal Mohammad Abu Sayem , Wadud Md. Abdul , Rashid Md. Mamun Or
Published: August 2023

The membrane potential increases the membrane permeation of lipid vesicles in the presence of anionic magnetite nanoparticles.
Facile and template-free fabrication of hierarchical coral spheres for acetone gas sensors
Authors: Liu Ying , Li Baoteng , Xu Sailong , Guo Ying
Published: August 2023

CeO2/ZnO coral spheres exhibit an enhanced sensitivity (145) and a lower optimum working temperature (245 °C) toward 100 ppm acetone.
Negatively charged platinum nanoparticles on dititanium oxide electride for ultra-durable electrocatalytic oxygen reduction
Authors: Hua Erbing , Choi Seunggun , Ren Siyuan , Kim Sungjun , Ali Ghulam , Kim Seon Je , Jang Woo-Sung , Joo Soyun , Zhang Jingshu , Ji Seulgi , Cho Yun Seong , Kang Joohoon , Song Taeseup , Hong Seungbum , Choi Heechae , Kim Young-Min , Han Hyuksu , Kim Sung Wng
Published: August 2023

Negatively charged Pt nanoparticles supported by a [Ti2O]2+·2e− electride with a self-passivation a-TiOx layer demonstrated superb long-term durability in the electrocatalytic ORR, which is superior to that of commercial Pt/C catalysts.
Synthesis, activity and metabolic stability of propan-2-one substituted tetrazolylalkanoic acids as dual inhibitors of cytosolic phospholipase A2α and fatty acid amide hydrolase
Authors: Ekodo Voundi Merlin , Hanekamp Walburga , Lehr Matthias
Published: August 2023

Structural variation of the potent dual cPLA2α/FAAH inhibitor 7 led to compounds with similar efficacy and improved physicochemical properties.
Critical dimension prediction of metal oxide nanoparticle photoresists for electron beam lithography using a recurrent neural network
Authors: Zhao Rongbo , Wang Xiaolin , Hu Ziyu , Xu Hong , He Xiangming
Published: August 2023

A photoresist critical dimension (CD) recurrent neural network model is established and applied to electron beam lithography experiments. The CD prediction accuracy exceeds 93% and appropriate process conditions can be accurately screened.
DNA origami characterized via a solid-state nanopore: insights into nanostructure dimensions, rigidity and yield
Authors: He Liqun , Charron Martin , Mensing Philipp , Briggs Kyle , Adams Jonathan , de Haan Hendrick , Tabard-Cossa Vincent
Published: August 2023

Characterization of DNA nanostructures using solid-state nanopores: Single-file and folded translocations give insights on polymer dimensions and rigidity.
Ion and water adsorption to graphene and graphene oxide surfaces
Authors: Carr Amanda J. , Lee Seung Eun , Uysal Ahmet
Published: August 2023

Understanding molecular-scale information about water and ion interactions at graphene and graphene oxide surfaces is critical for successful application development.
Ni/TiO2 heterostructures derived from phase separation for enhanced electrocatalysis of hydrogen evolution and biomass oxidative upgrading in anion exchange membrane electrolyzers
Authors: Zhang Geng , Yu Rui , Zhou Yu-Qi , Lu Wang-Ting , Cao Fei-Fei
Published: August 2023

Ni/TiO2 heterostructures constructed by a phase-separation strategy exhibit high catalytic performance for hydrogen evolution and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural oxidation in anion exchange membrane electrolyzers.
Rhodamine-based fluorescent sensors for the rapid and selective off–on detection of salicylic acid and their use in plant cell imaging
Authors: Chen Jie-Ying , Yang Ping , Huang Hou-Yun , Tang A-Ling , Ge Mei-Hong , Niu Wei , Liu Shi-Tao , Tan Shuai , Ma Wen-Jing , Zhou Xiang , Liu Li-Wei , Yang Song
Published: August 2023

In this manuscript, a series of rhodamine–acylhydrazone-based probes bearing a hydroxyphenyl moiety were designed and synthesized for the detection of salicylic acid.
Fluorescent α-amino acids via Heck–Matsuda reactions of phenylalanine-derived arenediazonium salts
Authors: McGrory Rochelle , Clarke Rebecca , Marshall Olivia , Sutherland Andrew
Published: August 2023

A Heck–Matsuda cross-coupling reaction of a phenylalanine-derived arenediazonium salt with various alkenes has been used for the preparation of fluorescent unnatural α-amino acids.
Tail-approach based design, synthesis, and cytotoxic evaluation of novel disubstituted and trisubstituted 1,3-thiazole benzenesulfonamide derivatives with suggested carbonic anhydrase IX inhibition mechanism
Authors: Bondock Samir , Albarqi Tallah , Abboud Mohamed , Nasr Tamer , Mohamed Nada M. , Abdou Moaz M.
Published: August 2023

A novel series of 2,4,5- and 2,3,4-trisubstituted thiazole hybrids with 1,3,4-thiadiazolylbenzenesulfonamide was designed following the tail approach as possible hCAIX inhibitors.
Mechanochemically assisted morphing of shape shifting polymers
Authors: Tang Rui , Gao Wenli , Jia Yulin , Wang Kai , Datta Barun Kumar , Zheng Wei , Zhang Huan , Xu Yuanze , Lin Yangju , Weng Wengui
Published: August 2023

A 2,2′-bis(2-phenylindan-1,3-dione) (BPID) mechanophore is applied as a switching unit for mechanochemical morphing of polymers. Mechancial force activates the BPID into stable PID radicals, whose subsequent dimerization fixes the temporary shapes.
A new detection mode for gold nanoparticle-linked immunosorbent assay (GNLISA) based on a clock reaction: instrument- and enzyme-free visual quantitative detection of prostate-specific antigen (PSA)
Authors: Wu Tianxiang , Li Xiao-Yuan
Published: August 2023

The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) has been serving as both the workhorse and the gold standard in immunoassays due to its high specificity, sensitivity, and accuracy, despite its known shortcomings and limitations.
Construction of hierarchical NiCu-based bimetallic electrocatalysts for promoting the electrooxidation of biomass derivatives
Authors: Li Yunliang , Fu Yifang , Cao Yuqing , Lei Feifei , Zhao Jun , Wang Runwei , Qiu Shilun , Zhang Zongtao
Published: August 2023

A Ni–Cu-based high performance hierarchical electrocatalyst for HMFEOR with a low overpotential of 222 mV to achieve the current density of 400 mA cm−2 was synthesized by a facile one-pot hydrothermal process.
Continuum description of confluent tissues with spatial heterogeneous activity
Authors: Pérez-Verdugo Fernanda , Soto Rodrigo
Published: August 2023

A continuum description is built to characterize the stationary and transient deformations of confluent tissues subject to heterogeneous activities.
Covalent conjugation of a ‘hydroxide-philic’ functional group achieving ‘hydroxide-phobic’ TEMPO with superior stability in all-organic aqueous redox flow batteries
Authors: Seo Noh-Uk , Kim Kyungmi , Yeo Jeongmin , Kwak Seung Jae , Kim YongJoo , Kim Hyemi , Kim Mi Song , Choi Jeongi , Jung Yoon Seok , Chae Junghyun , Chang Jinho , Yang Jung Hoon
Published: August 2023

A hydroxide-philic functional group to a TEMPO is the key to mitigating chemical degradation during charge/discharge, which hinders OH−-access to oxoammonium sites in the intramolecular regime, leading to a stable aqueous organic redox flow battery.
Unlocking microwatt power: enhanced performance of Fe–V–Al thin films in thermoelectric microgenerators
Authors: Bourgault D. , Hajoum H. , Haettel R. , Alleno E.
Published: August 2023

Microwatt power output obtained in thermoelectric microgenerators based on cost-effective and non-toxic Fe–V–Al thin films deposited by a DC magnetron co-sputtering process.
A novel multi-scale pressure sensing hydrogel for monitoring the physiological signals of long-term bedridden patients
Authors: Zhao Wenhui , Li Yao , Tian Jing , Tang Chenyang , Fei Xu , Xu Longquan , Wang Yi
Published: August 2023

Structure schematic and main properties of the multi-scale hydrogel.
Decoding intrinsic and extrinsic contributions for high piezoelectricity of CBT-based piezoelectric ceramics
Authors: Chen Hao , Xi Jingwen , Tan Zhi , Wang Fei , Li Xu , Chen Ning , Li Hongjiang , Chen Qiang , Xing Jie , Zhu Jianguo
Published: August 2023

This study demonstrates the effects of intrinsic and extrinsic contributions on the piezoelectric properties of Nb/Mg co-doped Ca0.6(Na0.5Bi0.5)0.4Bi4Ti4−x(Nb2/3Mg1/3)xO15.
A study of bandgap-graded CZTGSe kesterite thin films for solar cell applications
Authors: Scaffidi Romain , Brammertz Guy , Wang Yibing , Zaman Arman Uz , Sasikumar Keerthi , de Wild Jessica , Flandre Denis , Vermang Bart
Published: August 2023

The sustainable and harmless Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 kesterite materials for thin-film photovoltaics are still lacking efficiency, which may be solved by bandgap grading, herein obtained by two-step annealing in H2Se gas of metallic precursors.
Cryo-electron tomography to study viral infection
Authors: Graham Miles , Zhang Peijun
Published: August 2023

Developments in cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) have been interwoven with the study of viruses ever since its first applications to biological systems. Following the success of single particle cryo-EM in the last decade, cryo-electron tomography (cryo-ET) is now rapidly maturing as a technology and catalysing great advancement in structural virology as its application broadens. In this review, we provide an overview of the use of cryo-ET to study viral infection biology, discussing the key workflows and strategies used in the field. We highlight the vast body of studies performed on purified viruses and virus-like particles (VLPs), as well as discussing how cryo-ET can characterise host–virus interactions and membrane fusion events. We further discuss the importance of in situ cellular imaging in revealing previously unattainable details of infection and highlight the need for validation of high-resolution findings from purified ex situ systems. We give perspectives for future developments to achieve the full potential of cryo-ET to characterise the molecular processes of viral infection.
SwarmAd: A decentralised content management system
Authors: Baldo Tommaso , Migliardi Mauro
Published: August 2023

Online presence is becoming an important part of everyday's life and online communities may represent a significant source of engagement for the elderlies. Nevertheless, many may struggle to be online due to a lack of expertise, and a decentralised architecture may provide a solution by removing intermediaries, such as a webmaster, while not requiring expensive cloud solutions. However, issues concerning accessibility, security, and user experience have to be tackled. The paper focuses mainly on three issues: providing a human‐readable domain, moderating content, and creating a reward system based on user reputation. An architecture is proposed based on Ethereum and Swarm. Smart contracts provide an automated set of rules to handle enterprise registration, content creation, and decision‐making process, while Swarm serves both as distributed storage and the web host. Besides, in combination with Ethereum Name Service, Swarm provides a secure, distributed, and human‐readable point of access to the web interface. The paper also describes an innovative two‐token system where one token is meant to be a trustworthy reputation metre and the other is a spendable coin to get rewards. The final result is a fully decentralised, authenticated and moderated platform where users can aggregate and share their content presentations on the Internet.
A novel protection scheme for doubly fed induction generator‐based wind turbines during the fault occurrence in the rotor‐circuit
Authors: Rostami Ali , Rezaei Navid
Published: August 2023

The rotor‐circuit (RC) of the doubly fed induction generator‐based wind turbine (DFIG‐WT) consists of various equipment in which faulty conditions must be immediately identified, because this faulty status leads to the loss‐of‐excitation (LOE) phenomenon and may cause some serious damages. In this regard, this paper develops a novel solution to protect the DFIG‐WT during such a condition. For this purpose, a comprehensive investigation on behavior of the DFIG‐WT during the conditions of the RC failures has been carried out. The results show that, the output active power of the machine (Pdfig) can be considered as a suitable initial indicator for detecting the RC failures. However, to reliable detection of the partial‐LOE (PLOE), complete‐LOE (CLOE) and discrimination from the other power system disturbance (PSD), a directional over‐current (DOC) and an under voltage (UV) relays are suggested to be installed in the RC, at both ends of the back‐to‐back converters. Consequently, by detecting the Pdfig decrement, the provided DOC and UV relays in the RC will be triggered to classify the occurred events. The outlined protection scheme is exhaustively investigated on a typical power system which the obtained simulation results show the high reliability in discriminating the RC failures and PSD events with an acceptable detection time.
A GPU‐based real‐time processing system for frequency division multiple‐input‐multiple‐output radar
Authors: Liu Gaogao , Bao Yuqian , Yue Ning , Wang Sitian , Wu Hui , Liu Qiang , Yang Wenbo
Published: August 2023

Multiple‐Input‐Multiple‐Output (MIMO) radar has the characteristic of multiple antenna channels, bringing on a big data volume for signal processing. Therefore, the trade‐off between detection ability and computational efficiency is always considered. In this article, an optimisation system is proposed to enhance the real‐time performance of frequency division MIMO radar without compromising accuracy. For the scenario of low‐altitude small target detection, a signal processing acceleration method is proposed and a MIMO radar optimisation system based on graphics processing unit (GPU) architecture is built. The signal model of frequency division MIMO radar is first established, improving the classical signal processing flow efficiency from the perspective of reducing fast Fourier transform (FFT) times and windowing operation times. To achieve an advanced acceleration, the parallel architecture of ArrayFire‐library in GPU is then employed. Distinct minimum parallel units are extracted by analysing the principle of digital beamforming (DBF), pulse compression, moving target detection (MTD), and constant false‐alarm rate (CFAR) algorithms. And the corresponding parallel algorithms are designed to constitute a parallel acceleration system of frequency division MIMO. Simulation results indicate that the proposed method significantly improves the efficiency of MIMO system with a maximum acceleration ratio of 65 times, meeting the real‐time processing requirements.
A shared channel access protocol with energy saving in hybrid Radio‐Frequency Identification networks and wireless sensor networks for use in the internet of things platform
Authors: Rezaie Hadiseh , Golsorkhtabaramiri Mehdi
Published: August 2023

Radio‐Frequency Identification and Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) are two basic pillars in the Internet of Things (IOT); they are used to identify and track objects, and collect information from the environment in various applications of the IOT. One of the architectures used for combining these two technologies is the combination of readers with wireless sensor nodes. In the combination of Radio‐Frequency Identification and WSN, we face issues concerning reader collision, tag rereading and load imbalance. In the dense environments of this hybrid network, due to congestion and the possible mobility of nodes, controlling access to the shared channel is one of the basic challenges. In addition, owing to the energy limitations of these networks, data redundancy and tag re‐reading are critical issues. An effective anti‐collision protocol suitable for RFID‐WSN networks is proposed to avoid the above‐mentioned issues. The Energy‐saving and Anti‐collision Protocol (EAP) method is a CSMA‐based multi‐channel protocol that not only solves the issue of readback collisions, but also, through tagging, it prevents the rereading of the tags. To evaluate the performance of the EAP method, this protocol is compared with the most prominent reader anti‐collision protocols ever presented. The results indicate that due to the better throughput and higher energy efficiency that the proposed protocol has, when compared to other multi‐channel protocols, it will be a better option for use in the IOT platform with dense conditions.
Long-period radial velocity variations of nine M red giants
Authors: Lee Byeong-Cheol , Do Hee-Jin , Park Myeong-Gu , Lim Beomdu , Choi Yeon-Ho , Koo Jae-Rim , Bang Tae-Yang , Oh Hyeong-Ill , Han Inwoo , Chang Heon-Young
Published: August 2023

Context. Certain periodic variations of radial velocities (RVs) of wobbling giants originate from exoplanets. A number of exoplanets have been discovered around giant stars.

Aims. The purpose of our study is to find low-amplitude and long-period RV variations around bright M (super) giants in the red giant branch (or asymptotic giant branch) stage, which are long-period variables (LPVs) or high proper motion stars.

Methods. The high-resolution fiber-fed Bohyunsan Observatory Echelle Spectrograph (BOES) at the Bohyunsan Optical Astronomy Observatory (BOAO) was used to record numerous spectra of nine giants. The observation period for the targets spanned 16 yr, from 2005 to 2022.

Results. We found two substellar companions from the precise RV observations of nine M giants. One companion has a 28.26−2.17+2.05 MJ orbiting period of 663.87−4.31+4.61 days at a distance of 2.03−0.01+0.01 AU (HD 6860), and the other has a 15.83−2.74+2.33 MJ orbiting period of 466.63−1.28+1.47 days at a distance of 1.33−0.11+0.08 AU (HD 112300). Our estimate of the stellar parameters for HD 6860 makes it the currently largest star with a substellar companion. We also found RV variations mimicking a planetary companion in HD 18884 and confirmed LPVs in two stars, HD 39801 and HD 42995. The RV variations of some stars seem to be associated with stellar activities rather than reflex orbital motion due to their companions. Variations like this are also detected for HD 6860 and HD 112300, which host substellar companions.
The impact of H II regions on giant molecular cloud properties in nearby galaxies sampled by PHANGS ALMA and MUSE
Authors: Zakardjian Antoine , Pety Jérôme , Herrera Cinthya N. , Hughes Annie , Oakes Elias , Kreckel Kathryn , Faesi Chris , Glover Simon C. O. , Groves Brent , Klessen Ralf S. , Meidt Sharon , Barnes Ashley , Belfiore Francesco , Bešlić Ivana , Bigiel Frank , Blanc Guillermo A. , Chevance Mélanie , Dale Daniel A. , den Brok Jakob , Eibensteiner Cosima , Emsellem Eric , García-Rodríguez Axel , Grasha Kathryn , Koch Eric W. , Leroy Adam K. , Liu Daizhong , Mc Elroy Rebecca , Neumann Lukas , Pan Hsi-An , Querejeta Miguel , Razza Alessandro , Rosolowsky Erik , Saito Toshiki , Santoro Francesco , Schinnerer Eva , Sun Jiayi , Usero Antonio , Watkins Elizabeth J. , Williams Thomas
Published: August 2023

Context. The final stages of molecular cloud evolution involve cloud disruption due to feedback by massive stars, with recent literature suggesting the importance of early (i.e., pre-supernova) feedback mechanisms.

Aims. We aim to determine whether feedback from massive stars in H II regions has a measurable impact on the physical properties of molecular clouds at a characteristic scale of ~ 100 pc, and whether the imprint of feedback on the molecular gas depends on the local galactic environment.

Methods. We identified giant molecular clouds (GMCs) associated with H II regions for a sample of 19 nearby galaxies from catalogs of GMCs and H II regions released by the PHANGS-ALMA and PHANGS-MUSE surveys, using the overlap of the CO and Hα emission as the key criterion for physical association. We compared the distributions of GMC and H II region properties for paired and non-paired objects. We investigated correlations between GMC and H II region properties among galaxies and across different galactic environments to determine whether GMCs that are associated with H II regions have significantly distinct physical properties compared to the parent GMC population.

Results. We identify trends between the Hα luminosity of an H II region and the CO peak brightness and molecular mass of GMCs that we tentatively attribute to a direct physical connection between the matched objects, and which arise independently of the underlying environmental variations of GMC and H II region properties within galaxies. The study of the full sample nevertheless hides a large galaxy-to-galaxy variability.

Conclusions. At the ~100 pc scales accessed by the PHANGS-ALMA and PHANGS-MUSE data, pre-supernova feedback mechanisms in H II regions have a subtle but measurable impact on the properties of the surrounding molecular gas, as inferred from CO observations.
Improved cosmic microwave background (de-)lensing using general spherical harmonic transforms
Authors: Reinecke Martin , Belkner Sebastian , Carron Julien
Published: August 2023

Deep cosmic microwave background polarization experiments allow a very precise internal reconstruction of the gravitational lensing signal in principle. For this aim, likelihood-based or Bayesian methods are typically necessary, where very large numbers of lensing and delensing remappings on the sphere are sometimes required before satisfactory convergence. We discuss here an optimized piece of numerical code in some detail that is able to efficiently perform both the lensing operation and its adjoint (closely related to delensing) to arbitrary accuracy, using nonuniform fast Fourier transform technology. Where applicable, we find that the code outperforms current widespread software by a very wide margin. It is able to produce high-resolution maps that are accurate enough for next-generation cosmic microwave background experiments on the timescale of seconds on a modern laptop. The adjoint operation performs similarly well and removes the need for the computation of inverse deflection fields. This publicly available code enables de facto efficient spherical harmonic transforms on completely arbitrary grids, and it might be applied in other areas as well.
The MUSE-Faint survey
Authors: Júlio Mariana P. , Brinchmann Jarle , Zoutendijk Sebastiaan L. , Read Justin I. , Vaz Daniel , Kamann Sebastian , Krajnović Davor , Boogaard Leindert A. , Steinmetz Matthias , Bouché Nicolas
Published: August 2023

Aims. We use the stellar line-of-sight velocities of Antlia B (Ant B), a faint dwarf galaxy in the NGC 3109 association, to derive constraints on the fundamental properties of scalar field dark matter (SFDM), which was originally proposed to solve the small-scale problems faced by cold dark matter models.

Methods. We used the first spectroscopic observations of Ant B, a distant (d ∼ 1.35 Mpc) faint dwarf (MV = −9.7, M⋆ ∼ 8 × 105 M⊙), from MUSE-Faint, a survey of ultra-faint dwarfs conducted using the Multi Unit Spectroscopic Explorer. By measuring the line-of-sight velocities of stars in the 1′×1′ field of view, we identified 127 stars as members of Ant B, which enabled us to model its dark matter density profile with the Jeans modelling code GRAVSPHERE. We implemented a model for SFDM into GRAVSPHERE and used this to place constraints on the self-coupling strength of this model.

Results. We find a virial mass of M200 ≈ 1.66−0.92+2.51 × 109 M⊙ and a concentration parameter of c200 ≈ 17.38−4.20+6.06 for Ant B. These results are consistent with the mass-concentration relations in the literature. We constrain the characteristic length scale of the repulsive self-interaction RTF of the SFDM model to RTF ≲ 180 pc (68% confidence level), which translates to a self-coupling strength of g/m2c4 ≲ 5.2 × 10−20 eV−1 cm3. The constraint on the characteristic length scale of the repulsive self-interaction is inconsistent with the value required to match observations of the cores of dwarf galaxies in the Local Group, suggesting that the cored density profiles of those galaxies are not caused by SFDM.
Natural and forsed osculations of pipelines in contact with the Wincler medium
Authors: Safarov I I , Teshaev M Kh , Boltayev Z I , Karimov I M , Esanov N Q
Published: August 2023

In this paper, the pipeline is modeled as a curved rod in contact with the Winkler medium. Linear oscillations of a curved viscoelastic rod lying on the Winkler base are considered. The general formulation of the problem of free oscillations of a spatially curved viscoelastic rod with variable parameters is reduced to a boundary value problem for a system of ordinary integro-differential equations of the 12th order with variable coefficients relative to eigenstates; it can be solved by the method of successive approximations. The relations allowing to present the solution of the boundary value problem for the rod in an analytical form are formulated. It is established that the dimensionless complex frequencies of natural oscillations of a spatially curved rod, while maintaining the elongation of the rod constant, do not depend on it. The Poisson's ratio has little effect on the dimensionless real and imaginary parts of the natural frequencies.
Thermal mode of the condenser of a pyrolysis bioenergy plant with recuperation of secondary thermal energy
Authors: Uzakov Gulom , Mamatkulova Sayyora , Ergashev Shaxriyor
Published: August 2023

The article describes the technological scheme and the principle of operation of a pyrolysis bioenergy plant (PBEP) with a recuperative heat exchanger, which simultaneously provides hot water, gaseous and liquid biofuels to the consumer. The results of mathematical modeling of heat exchange processes in the condenser of a pyrolysis plant are presented in order to identify optimal thermal parameters for cooling the biomass pyrolysis steam. A mathematical model of the heat balance of a “mixing-displacement” type condenser (along the length of the coil) of a pyrolysis plant has been developed for calculating, selecting and thermotechnical analysis of the working cycle of the condenser, which allows to obtain the values of optimal parameters of the temperature regime. The simulation results show that the considered variants of pipes with diameters of 15 mm and 20 mm fully meet the technological requirements of condenser cooling.
Hydrogeochemistry and hydrobiology of technogenic reservoirs of mining territories of Eastern Transbaikalia
Authors: Abramova Vera , Afonina Ekaterina , Kuklin Alexey , Borzenko Svetlana
Published: August 2023

The chemical composition of the waters of quarry lakes formed as a result of the development of the Zavitinskoye lithium-beryllium deposit located in Eastern Transbaikalia (Russia) has been studied. The studied waters of the ore pits are fresh with a neutral and slightly alkaline reaction, mainly of the magnesium-calcium sulfate type. It was found that the quarry waters contain high concentrations of lithium (Li) and strontium (Sr), in isolated cases of arsenic (As). Low concentrations of other metals in man-made waters are due to the neutralizing effect of carbonates of host rocks and ores, but this does not make them environmentally safe. The content of trace elements in the waters of quarries relative to the background contents, as well as the standards of maximum permissible concentrations (MPC) of chemicals for the waters of water bodies of fishery importance and sanitary and hygienic indicators were determined. A distinctive feature of the studied quarry lakes, as well as other man-made reservoirs, is the low species diversity of zooplankton and macrophytes, which is mainly due to the small catchment area, the steepness of the shores, the absence of shallow waters and other factors.
Studying the temperature regime of the heliopyrolysis device reactor
Authors: Uzakov G N , Almardanov X A , Kodirov I N , Aliyarova L A
Published: August 2023

The article presents the principle of the heliopyrolysis device with a solar concentrator and the temperature measurement scheme at the characteristic points of the reactor. Pyrolysis of organic waste was carried out according to the experimental method in laboratory conditions. Experiments were carried out on samples of organic waste (rubber, polyethylene film, plastic bottle) with an initial moisture content of 5÷20% and a size of 4÷6 mm. Based on the relationship between the amount of solar radiation and the ambient temperature for the city of Karshi (Uzbekistan), the experimental results of studying the temperatures inside the heliopyrolysis reactor when various organic wastes are loaded are presented. 0.25h according to the height of the reactor in the experiment; 0.35h; 0.25h; temperatures on the inner surface at distances of 0.15 h were recorded using the Mobile-CASSY 2 thermometer. It was determined that an average temperature of 350÷450 °C can be generated in the reactor of the experimental device. Experiments show that in the conditions of the city of Karshi, it is possible to create a mode of 300÷500°C sufficient for the pyrolysis of organic waste through a parabolic solar concentrator in the daytime mode.
Improvement of the multifilament wire lager for cable production
Authors: Toirov Olimjon , Ivanova Vera , Tsypkina Viktoriya , Jumaeva Dilnoza , Abdullaeva Dilnoza
Published: August 2023

The article discusses a possible way to solve the urgent problem of cable production - increasing the efficiency of the technological process by modernizing the control system of technological equipment by developing an intelligent system that allows to improve the reliability of the technology as a whole. The stranding equipment for the implementation of the stranding technology has been chosen as the object of the study, namely, a multifilament wire lager. This equipment is used in the production process of manufacturing cable and wire products, in particular the production of cable semi-finished products – strands. The work done on the modernization of the multifilament wire lager due to the introduction of the intelligent control system has resulted in outputs that provide high flexibility of the technology, which shall meet modern quality requirements of finished cable products.
Priority oil and gas exploration facilities in the north-east of the Predpatomsky trough
Authors: Sivtsev Alexey , Timofeev Nikolay , Meshcheryakov Vitaly , Ivanova Zaida
Published: August 2023

The article discusses the geological structure and prospects of oil and gas potential of the north-eastern part of the Predpatomsky regional trough. The features of the ratio of the structural plans of the upper and lower parts of the geological section due to thrust dislocations are indicated. It is assumed that deep drilling in the area of the Ulugur structure has not reached the target productive horizons in the autochthonous part of the section. Here, after clarifying the scope of seismic work, it is proposed to lay a exploratory well of greater depth. As another priority object for oil and gas, a potential zone of wedging of terrigenous deposits of the Vendian on the southwestern slope of the Suntar uplift is designated. The high prospects of the gas content of the upper part of the section, where gas deposits were established in newly discovered fields, were also noted. The results of direct geochemical testing of the Ulugur and Ergedzheysky license areas are presented, which allow localizing promising zones and areas of the studied territory.
Improving the SWAG-technology with the use of pump-ejector systems
Authors: Gorelkina Evgeniya
Published: August 2023

A set of technical solutions for improving the SWAG-technology using pump-ejector systems is proposed. To effectively influence the reservoir, it is necessary to implement the injection of a water-gas mixture into wells that open reservoir sections with the largest residual reserves (into wells with maximum reserves – a mixture with the highest gas content from the range of rational values). In this case, associated gas, nitrogen, can be used as a source of the gas phase. A description of the pump-ejector system for the use of associated gas from the annulus of production wells is also given. For the efficient operation of the system, it is necessary to select the elements of the system that will be operated with maximum efficiency under field conditions. The results of experimental studies of ejectors are presented: the efficiency of the ejector is directly related to the mineralization of the working fluid, as well as the inlet pressure.
The prospects of oil deposits of the Vereyian horizon of the marginal part of the Melekess-Abdulin oil and gas region of the Tatarstan Republic
Authors: Korolev Eduard , Eskin Aleksey , Khuzina Alsu , Korolev Albert , Barieva Enza
Published: August 2023

The paper presents the results of a study of oil-bearing sections of the Vereyian horizon of low-amplitude uplifts in the western marginal part of the Melekess-Abdulin oil and gas region of Tatarstan. It has been established that the main reservoir rocks are algal-peloid packstones, fusulinide grainstones and greywacke fine-grained sandstones. Carbonate reservoirs of the lower part of the section of the Vereyian horizon and sandstones of the upper part of the section are watered to varying degrees, most of them are not promising for development. The productivity of the sections is associated with fusulinide grainstones and underlying algal-peloid packstones that have not experienced intensive waterflooding. As a rule, such lithotypes of carbonate reservoir rocks are in the middle parts of sections of Vereyian age. A feature of the fusulinide limestone layers is their areal inconsistency in thickness, which is due to the facies conditions of the sedimentation basin. Due to this, on some small oil-bearing structures they give good oil inflows, on others they show relatively small debits.