bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Beloften en teleurstellingen van artificiële intelligentie voor wetenschappelijke ontdekkingen
Authors: Heeffer Albrecht
Published: May 2021

Promises and disappointments of artificial intelligence for scientific discovery

Recent successes within Artificial Intelligence with deep learning techniques in board games gave rise to the ambition to apply these learning methods to scientific discovery. This model for discovering new scientific laws is based on data-driven generalization in large databases with observational data using neural networks. In this study we want to review and critical assess an earlier research programme by the name of BACON. Though BACON was based on different AI technology, we can learn from its limitations and thus adjust our expectations. The BACON program had two ambitions, one descriptive and one normative. On the one hand, it wanted to provide an explanation how philosophers of nature in history arrived at general laws from observational data and on the other hand it also aimed to reconstruct historical discoveries and realize new ones. We will assess the claims of the BACON program by means of two historical cases studies: the discovery of the sine law of refraction in optics and the discovery of Kepler’s third law of planetary motion. I will demonstrate that, despite the formulated claims, BACON did not use the same historical data available to its discoverers and, more importantly, that the model of inductive generalization of observational data does not correspond with the historical methods. Finally I will question the value of data-driven induction for scientific discovery in general.
Gregor Mendel, Thomas Hunt Morgan en experimenten in de klassieke genetica
Authors: Leuridan Bert
Published: May 2021

Gregor Mendel, Thomas Hunt Morgan and experiments in classical genetics

In the middle of the 19th century, Gregor Mendel performed a series of crosses with pea plants to investigate how hybrids are formed. Decades later, Thomas Hunt Morgan finalized the theory of classical genetics. An important aspect of Mendel’s and Morgan’s scientific approach is that they worked in a systematic, experimental fashion. But how did these experiments proceed? What is the relation between these experiments and Mendel’s and Morgan’s explanatory theories? What was their evidential value? Using present-day insights in the nature of experimentation I will show that the answer to these questions is fascinating but not obvious. Crossings in classical genetics lacked a crucial feature of traditional experiments for causal discovery: manipulation of the purported causes. Hence they were not traditional, ‘manipulative’ experiments, but ‘selective experiments’.
Kan handelingswetenschap de conceptualiteitsimpasse tegengaan?
Authors: Bulterman-Bos Jacquelien
Published: May 2021

Can Participative Action Research reduce the conceptualism-impasse?

The conceptualism-impasse emerges when educational authorities (such as the Education Inspection) offer conceptual knowledge based on ‘objective’ research while expecting that such knowledge consists of knowhow that is ready for use by teachers. Conceptual ‘knowledge that,’ however, is of a different kind than ‘knowhow’. Knowhow is embodied knowledge that cannot be transferred to other people via language. It is developed by deliberate practice. If authorities offer conceptual knowledge while expecting to offer the technical knowhow to make education work, they (inadvertently) impose inadequate requirements on teachers and draw untimely conclusions about teachers’ failure, with all due consequences for the pedagogical climate in schools.

The emergence of this impasse is related to a technical view of education that was established by behaviorism and resulted in an architecture of our education field in which knowledge and action are separated. This article addresses the question whether participative action research (handelingsonderzoek) that connects knowledge and action can prevent this impasse. It concludes that participative action research can contribute a great deal, but the present architecture of our educational field and the pretensions of ‘objective’ research need to be addressed too.
ФОРСАЙТ-ПРОГНОЗУВАННЯ В СТРІМКО ГЛОБАЛІЗОВАНІЙ ЕКОНОМІЦІ
Authors: Ковальчук Таміла , Загарій Віта
Published: May 2021

У статті висвітлено сутність форсайту, як найефективнішого механізму прогнозування подальшого розвитку економіки в умовах стрімких глобалізаційних процесів, розкрито принципи, на яких будуються форсайт-проекти, розглянуто основні кількісні та якісні методи, що дозволяють всебічно оцінити наявні тенденції та їх наслідки, враховуючи всі чинники впливу. Аналіз основних показників розвитку світової економіки в умовах Covid-19 дозволив виявити останні зміни економічних прогнозів, розроблених за допомогою форсайт-інструментів, перезавантажити економіку країн, враховуючи довгострокові (культурні, політичні, економічні та соціальні) наслідки впровадження нових технологій як для світових ринків, так і для країн, регіонів та окремих галузей.
КУЛЬТУРОЛОГІЧНІ АСПЕКТИ ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ПОДАТКОВОЇ ПОЛІТИКИ
Authors: Чинчик Анатолій , Іванишина Галина , Голубка Володимир
Published: May 2021

У статті сформульовано авторське розуміння податкової культури та її індикаторів. Обґрунтовано основні управлінські заходи по підвищенню податкової культури, актуальні для України та інших держав з трансформаційними умовами національної економіки.
CONTINUITY IN SPEECH DEVELOPMENT CHILDREN OF PRESCHOOL AND YOUNG SCHOOL AGE
Authors: Imatova Lutfiya , Nurahmadzoda Rohila
Published: May 2021

Innovations in preschool and primary education require a new approach and define the essence of the continuous process of transition from one stage to another. The author explores a new approach to the implementation of the principle of continuity and offers theoretical and practical foundations for its implementation in the speech development of preschool and primary school children.
ONLINE FOREIGN LANGUAGES LEARNING AT THE UNIVERSITY AND THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC IMPACT IN THE REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA
Authors: Slobodaniuc Alina
Published: May 2021

The main purpose of this article is to assess the phenomenon of online language learning during the pandemic and to analyze the survey on the opinion of foreign language students who have expressed their views about the difficulties encountered and the solutions they consider appropriate in order to improve this process in the Republic of Moldova.
ОСОБЕННОСТИ ВЫПОЛНЕНИЯ БЫСТРОГО НАБРОСКА-СКЕТЧА В ТЕХНИКЕ АКВАРЕЛИ
Authors: Григорьева Валентина , Белгородская Елена , Недошитко Олег
Published: May 2021

в статье рассматривается совершенствования художественно-графических умений и навыков будущих архитекторов посредством быстрого наброска-скетча акварелью, основные трудности в работе студентов и методы их решения. Определены этапы ведения набросков (скетчей) акварелью в учебном процессе.
ВИКОРИСТАННЯ СЕРЕДОВИЩА GEOGEBRA НА ПРАКТИЧНИХ ЗАНЯТТЯХ З ЛІНІЙНОЇ АЛГЕБРИ ПІД ЧАС НАВЧАННЯ СТУДЕНТІВ ПЕДАГОГІЧНИХ УНІВЕРСИТЕТІВ
Authors: Дубовик Віталій
Published: May 2021

У статті висвітлено актуальність впровадження сучасних засобів навчання під час підготовки майбутніх учителів математики. Розкрито особливості та наведено приклади використання динамічного середовища GeoGebra у процесі формування практичних вмінь та навичок студентів з лінійної алгебри. Описано переваги та недоліки використання системи Geogebra під час проведення практичних занять з лінійної алгебри.
РОЗВИТОК ТВОРЧОЇ ОСОБИСТОСТІ У ПРОСТОРІ МИСТЕЦЬКОЇ ОСВІТИ
Authors: Стратан-Артишкова Тетяна , Шевцова Олена
Published: May 2021

У статті аналізуються наукові праці з проблеми творчості, розкривається роль мистецтва у розвитку духовно-творчої особистості; підкреслюється призначення майбутнього вчителя мистецтва у формуванні творчих якостей учня; схарактеризовано сутність авторської спроможності як інтегрованої професійно значущої особистісної якості майбутнього вчителя мистецтва.
POST COVID-19 TELOGEN EFFLUVIUM. WHAT IS THE REASON?
Authors: Nykolaichuk Khrystyna , Kuhta Оksana , Senchuk Larysa
Published: May 2021

The publication draws attention to the relevance of dermatological manifestations of the post-COVID-19 syndrome. Telogen alopecia is one of them. Probable main mechanisms of development of this highly debatable problem among dermatologists are covered.
УЗАГАЛЬНЕННЯ УМОВ РЕАЛІЗАЦІЇ АКЦІЙ КІБЕРБУЛІНГУ З УРАХУВАННЯМ ОСОБЛИВОСТЕЙ СУЧАСНИХ ІНФОРМАЦІЙНИХ СИСТЕМ І ТЕХНОЛОГІЙ
Authors: Гайкова Валерія , Малахов Сергій
Published: May 2021

Метою даного матеріалу є розгляд і аргументація певних аналогій та співпадінь між процесом мережевого цькування (кібербулінгу), та умовами і цілями проведення сучасних інформаційних операцій. Звернено увагу те, що умови кібертравлі багато в чому збігаються з парадигмою експерименту С. Мілгрема. Підкреслено, що рівень ієрархічної важливості об'єктів кібертравлі, обумовлює ступінь необхідної інтеграції функцій адміністрування контентом і основних складових ресурсного забезпечення інформаційних систем. Зазначено, що концентрація в одному центрі прийняття рішень основних складових ресурсного забезпечення та функцій адміністрування контенту, є серйозною проблемою навіть для рівня окремих держав, не кажучи вже про персональний рівень впливу.
ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ МОТИВАЦІЙНИХ ЧИННИКІВ ТА ІНТЕРСІВ У СТАРШОКЛАСНИКІВ ДЛЯ ПОКРАЩЕННЯ РУХОВОЇ АКТИВНОСТІ
Authors: Кашуба Анатолій , Ковальський Володимир , Шелюк Василь
Published: May 2021

статті здійснено аналіз останніх публікацій за проблемою дослідження. Розглянуто проблему мотивації до занять фізичною культурою у старшокласників. Зроблено спробу встановити та окреслити мотиваційні чинники за матеріалами анкетування в учнів старших класів закладів загальної середньої освіти.
Measurement report: Effects of NOx and seed aerosol on highly oxygenated organic molecules (HOMs) from cyclohexene ozonolysis
Authors: Räty Meri , Peräkylä Otso , Riva Matthieu , Quéléver Lauriane , Garmash Olga , Rissanen Matti , Ehn Mikael
Published: May 2021

Abstract. Cyclohexene (C6H10) is commonly used as a proxy for biogenic monoterpenes, when studying their oxidation mechanisms and secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation. The ozonolysis of cyclohexene has been shown to be effective at producing highly oxygenated organic molecules (HOMs), a group of molecules known to be important in the formation of SOA. Here, we provide an in-depth look at how the formation and fate of the broad range of observed HOMs changed with perturbations from NOx and seed particles. HOMs were produced in a chamber from cyclohexene ozonolysis and measured with a chemical ionisation mass spectrometer (CIMS) using nitrate (NO3-) as reagent ion. As high-resolution CIMS instruments provide mass spectra with numerous ion signals and a wealth of information that can be hard to manage, we employed a primarily statistical approach for the data analysis. To utilise as many individual HOM signals as possible, each compound was assigned a parameter describing the quality of the observed signal. These parameters were then used as weights or to determine the inclusion of a given signal in further analyses. Under unperturbed ozonolysis conditions, known HOM peaks were observed in the chamber, including C6H8O9 as the largest HOM signal and C12H20O9 as the largest “dimer” product. With the addition of nitric oxide (NO) into the chamber, the spectrum changed considerably, as expected. Dimer product signals decreased overall, but an increase in dimers with nitrate functionalities was seen, as a result of NO3 radical oxidation. The response of monomer signals to NO addition varied, and while nitrate-containing monomers increased, non-nitrate signals either increased or decreased, depending on the individual molecules. The addition of seed aerosol increased the condensation sink, which markedly decreased the signals of all low-volatility compounds. Larger molecules were seen to have a higher affinity for condensation, but a more detailed analysis showed that the uptake was controlled mainly by the number of oxygen atoms in each molecule.
Nitrates required higher mass and higher oxygen content to condense at similar rates as the non-nitrate HOMs.
We also tested two existing elemental-composition-based parameterisations for their ability to reproduce the condensation observed in our cyclohexene system. Both predicted higher volatilities than observed, most likely due to the number of oxygen atoms enhancing the product uptake more than the models would suggest.
Mercury accumulation in leaves of different plant types – the significance of tissue age and specific leaf area
Authors: Pleijel Håkan , Klingberg Jenny , Nerentorp Michelle , Broberg Malin C. , Nyirambangutse Brigitte , Munthe John , Wallin Göran
Published: May 2021

Abstract. Mercury, Hg, is one of the most problematic metals from an environmental perspective. To assess the problems caused by Hg in the environment it is crucial to understand the processes of Hg biogeochemistry, but the exchange of Hg between the atmosphere and vegetation is not sufficiently well characterised. We explored the mercury concentration, [Hg], in foliage from a diverse set of plant types, locations and sampling periods to study whether there is a continuous accumulation of Hg in leaves/needles over time. Measurements of [Hg] were made in deciduous and conifer trees in Gothenburg, Sweden (Botanical Garden and city area) as well as of evergreen trees in Rwanda. In addition, data for wheat from an ozone experiment conducted at Östad, Sweden, were included. Conifer data were quantitatively compared with literature data. In every case where older foliage was directly compared with younger, [Hg] was higher in older tissue. Covering the range of current year up to four-year old needles, there was no sign of Hg saturation in conifer needles with age. Thus, over time scales of approximately one month to several years, the Hg uptake in foliage from the atmosphere always dominated over Hg evasion. Rwandan broadleaved trees had generally older leaves due to lack of seasonal abscission and higher [Hg] than Swedish broadleaved trees. The significance of atmospheric Hg uptake in plants was shown in a wheat experiment where charcoal filtrated air lead to significantly lower leaf [Hg]. To search for general patterns, the accumulation rates of Hg in the diverse set of tree species in the Gothenburg area were related to the specific leaf area (SLA). Leaf area based [Hg] was strongly negatively and non-linearly correlated with SLA, while mass-based [Hg] had a somewhat weaker positive relationship with SLA (both relationships with p < 0.001). An elaborated understanding of the relationship behind [Hg] and SLA would support large-scale modelling of Hg uptake by vegetation and Hg circulation in general.
Particle dry deposition algorithms in CMAQ version 5.3: characterization of critical parameters and land use dependence using DepoBoxTool version 1.0
Authors: Shu Qian , Murphy Benjamin , Pleim Jonathan E. , Schwede Donna , Henderson Barron H. , Pye Havala O.T. , Appel Keith Wyat , Khan Tanvir R. , Perlinger Judith A.
Published: May 2021

Abstract. This study investigates particle dry deposition by characterizing critical parameters and land-use dependence in a 0-D box model as well as quantifying the resulting impact of dry deposition parameterizations on regional-scale 3-D model predictions. A publicly available box model configured with several land-use dependent dry deposition schemes is developed to evaluate predictions of several model approaches with available measurements. The 0-D box model results suggest that current dry deposition schemes in 3-D regional models underestimate particle dry deposition velocities, but this varies with size distribution properties and land-use categories. We propose two revised schemes to improve dry deposition performance in air quality models and test them in the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model. The first scheme improves the previous CMAQ scheme by preserving the original dry deposition impaction calculation but turning off redundant integration across particle size for each aerosol mode. The second scheme adds a dependence on leaf area index (LAI) to better estimate uptake to vegetative surfaces while using a settling velocity that is integrated across particle size for the Stokes number calculation. CMAQ model performance was evaluated for a month in July 2011 for the conterminous U.S. based on available observations of ambient sulfate (SO4) aerosol concentrations from multiple routine particulate matter monitoring networks. Incorporation of the first scheme has a larger impact on coarse particles than fine particles, systematically reducing monthly domain-wide average particle dry deposition velocities (Vd) by approximately 96% and 35%, respectively, and increasing monthly average SO4 concentrations by 395% and 21%. After incorporating LAI into the boundary layer resistance (Rb), the second scheme creates more spatial diversity of Vd and changes SO4 concentrations (coarse = −76% to +336%; fine = −7% to +18%) with land-use categories. These modifications are incorporated into the current publicly available version of CMAQ (v5.3 and beyond).
Performance analysis of regional AquaCrop (v6.1) biomass and surface soil moisture simulations using satellite and in situ observations
Authors: de Roos Shannon , De Lannoy Gabriëlle J. M. , Raes Dirk
Published: May 2021

Abstract. The current intensive use of agricultural land is affecting the land quality and contributes to climate change. Feeding the world’s growing population under changing climatic conditions demands a global transition to more sustainable agricultural systems. This requires good insight in land cultivation practices at the field to global scale. This study outlines a spatially distributed version of the field-scale crop model AquaCrop version 6.1, to simulate agricultural biomass production and soil moisture variability over Europe at a relatively fine resolution of 30 arcseconds (~1 km). A highly efficient parallel processing system is implemented to run the model regionally with global meteorological input data from the Modern-Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications, version 2 (MERRA-2), soil textural information from the Harmonized World Soil Database, version 1.2 (HWSDv1.2), and generic crop information. Daily crop biomass production is evaluated with the Copernicus Global Land Service dry matter productivity (CGLS-DMP) data. Surface soil moisture is compared against NASA Soil Moisture Active Passive surface soil moisture (SMAP-SSM) retrievals, the Copernicus Global Land Service surface soil moisture (CGLS-SSM) product derived from Sentinel-1, and in situ data from the International Soil Moisture Network (ISMN). Over central Europe, the regional AquaCrop model is able to capture the temporal variability in both biomass production and soil moisture, with a spatial mean correlation of 0.8 (CGLS-DMP), 0.74 (SMAP-SSM) and 0.52 (CGLS-SSM), respectively. The higher performance when evaluating with SMAP-SSM compared to Sentinel-1 CGLS-SSM is largely due to the lower quality of CGLS-SSM satellite retrievals under growing vegetation. The regional model further captures the interannual variability, with a mean anomaly correlation of 0.46 for daily biomass, and mean anomaly correlations of 0.65 (SMAP-SSM) and 0.50 (CGLS-SSM) for soil moisture. It is shown that soil textural characteristics and irrigated areas influence the model performance. Overall, the regional AquaCrop model proves to be useful in assessing crop production and soil moisture at various scales and could serve as a bridge between point-based and global models.
Semi-automated tracking of iceberg B43 using Sentinel-1 SAR images via Google Earth Engine
Authors: Koo YoungHyun , Xie Hongjie , Ackley Stephen F. , Mestas-Nuñez Alberto M. , Macdonald Grant J. , Hyun Chang-Uk
Published: May 2021

Abstract. Sentinel-1 C-band synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images can be used to observe the drift of icebergs over the Southern Ocean with around 1–3 days of temporal resolution and 10–40 m of spatial resolution. The Google Earth Engine (GEE) cloud-based platform allows processing of a large quantity of Sentinel-1 images, saving time and computational resources. In this study, we process Sentinel-1 data via GEE to detect and track the drift of iceberg B43 during its lifespan of 3 years (2017–2020) in the Southern Ocean. First, to detect all candidate icebergs in Sentinel-1 images, we employ an object-based image segmentation (simple non-iterative clustering – SNIC) and a traditional backscatter threshold method. Next, we automatically choose and trace the location of the target iceberg by comparing the centroid distance histograms (CDHs) of all detected icebergs in subsequent days with the CDH of the reference target iceberg. Using this approach, we successfully track the iceberg B43 from the Amundsen Sea to the Ross Sea, and examine its changes in area, speed, and direction. Three periods with sudden losses of area (i.e. split-offs) coincide with periods of low sea ice concentration, warm air temperature, and high waves. This implies that these variables may be related to mechanisms causing the split-off of the iceberg. Since the iceberg is generally surrounded by compacted sea ice, its drift correlates in part with sea ice motion and wind velocity. Given that the bulk of the iceberg is under water (~30–60 m freeboard and ~150–400 m thickness), its motion is predominantly driven by the westward-flowing Antarctic Coastal Current (ACoC) which dominates the circulation of the region. Considering the complexity of modeling icebergs, there is a demand for a large iceberg database to better understand the behavior of icebergs and their interactions with surrounding environments. The GEE-based semi-automated iceberg tracking method presented here can be used for this purpose.
IMPLEMENTATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL REQUIREMENTS OF THE FOREST MANAGEMENT PLAN LLC «PINEZHELES»
Authors: Ezhov Alexandr , Kasyanyuk Evgeniy
Published: May 2021

The main task of the forest industry at the present stage is the integrated use of wood. Collected andanalyzed information on the assessment of the success of reforestation felling using multi-operational logging equipment(harvester and forwarder) on the example of the logging enterprise LLC «Pinezhyeles». Number of undergrowth largely depends on the development plan of cutting areas development. To save the undergrowth it is most advisable to use widefeller bunchers.
DISTANCE LEARNING OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES: A SOCIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
Authors: Shulepova Anastasia Viktorovna
Published: May 2021

The main purpose of this paper is to identify features of distance learning of foreign languages during the COVID-19 pandemic, as the imposition of lockdown has greatly affected the educational process, and distance learning has temporarily become the main form of education. The empirical evidence is based on the findings of the first-hand sociological research conducted in November-December 2020 among the population of Russia. Drawing on the obtained data, the author concludes that pandemic-boosted distance learning of foreign languages is generally a less preferable form of acquiring knowledge and skills compared to face-to-face language education.
RESISTANCE AND STRAIN RESISTANCE PROPERTIES OF SOLID SOLUTIONS TLIN1-XCOXSE2 (0 ≤ X ≤ 0.5)
Authors: Umarov Salim Khallokovich , Namozov Ikhtiyor Usmonovich , Khozhiev Tukhta Sirozh oglu
Published: May 2021

The paper presents the results of a study of the effect of the ratio of cobalt components on the
electrophysical and strain-resistive characteristics Of tlin1-xcohse2 alloys in the concentration range of cobalt x = 0-0.5. it is established that in the range of x = 0 — 0.02 these properties have linear concentration dependencies, which undergo sharp changes in the range of 0.02 — 0.5.
TO THE QUESTION ABOUT THE LEGAL NATURE OF THE INHERITANCE CONTRACT
Authors: Turshuk L. D.
Published: May 2021

The article considers the main positions on the inheritance contract, expressed in the civil literature, and concludes about its legal nature. The question of what norms of civil law regulate this institution of inheritance law is also being resolved.
MATHEMATICAL PACKAGES AND THE PROBLEM OF KNOWLEDGE TRANSFER
Authors: Abdumalikovna Atametova Nigora
Published: May 2021

The paper considers mathematical packages that show real possibilities for the study of more complex mathematical models, develop stable practical skills for conducting mathematical reasoning.
FEATURES OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF MILITARY GEOGRAPHICAL SCIENCE IN RUSSIA
Authors: Nikolaevich Pishchugin Igor , Aleksandrovna Mezhova Lidia
Published: May 2021

The article gives a brief overview, which reflects the history of formation and development of military geography in Russia, the change of paradigms at different historical stages, as well as some tasks of teaching modern military geographical science. Prospects of using modern technologies in forming professional competencies of cadets are outlined.
ANALYSIS OF MEASURES OF STATE SUPPORT FOR SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED BUSINESSES IN THE FIELD OF TOURISM IN THE CONTEXT OF THE CORONAVIRUS (COVID-19) PANDEMIC: INTERNATIONAL AND KAZAKH EXPERIENCE
Authors: Elnur Maratbekovich Zholumbetov
Published: May 2021

Analysis of trends in the socio-economic development of the country and regions shows that at present more than half of the gross domestic product is produced in the service sector. The service sector is one of the most promising, rapidly developing sectors of the Kazakhstani economy. At the same time, tourism, as a subsystem of the service sector, has become an important branch of national and regional economies in many countries of the world, its growth rates, as a rule, are outstripping in relation to the service sector and the national economy as a whole. This defines entrepreneurship in tourism as an area of ​​priority for the state, since its support and stimulation contribute to the acceleration of socio-economic development.
La visita del arzobispo Pedro de Castro al Tribunal Eclesiástico de Granada en 1590
Authors: García Valverde María Luisa
Published: May 2021

La llegada del arzobispo Pedro de Castro Vaca y Quiñones a Granada a finales de 1589 marca el inicio de un gran programa reformador del arzobispado en el que no pueden faltar las instituciones que gestionan el gobierno de la diócesis. Para llevarla a cabo necesita conocer la situación en que se encuentra el arzobispado y sus organismos a través de la realización de una serie de visitas pastorales entre las que destacan las realizadas a la Contaduría y al personal de la Audiencia: provisores, visitadores, fiscales, notarios, alguaciles y ministros del anterior arzobispo Juan Méndez Salvatierra y de su sede vacante. Es cierto que la finalidad de la visita es conocer la actuación de los notarios en el desempeño de sus oficios e indicar si lo han desempeñado con corrección o no tras el pontificado del anterior arzobispo y de su sede vacante. Pero también es cierto que en una diócesis como Granada ésta era la forma más rápida de sacar a la luz las desviaciones cometidas en las formas de actuar del Tribunal y un medio para proyectar la reforma de las instituciones. Reforma que quedó sin reali-zar y cuyas consecuencias aún se vislumbran a finales del siglo XVIII.
La correspondencia gubernativa en los obispados españoles en la Edad Moderna (siglos XVII-XVIII)
Authors: Rico Callado Francisco Luis
Published: May 2021

La correspondencia administrativa de la Monarquía absoluta ha sido bien estudiada en los últimos años. Por el contrario, desconocemos dicha realidad en otras instituciones de la Edad Moderna. En este trabajo se realiza una aproximación al estudio de dicha temática a través de los fondos episco-pales. Esto evidencia la influencia que ejercieron los formulismos de la correspondencia epistolar en las misivas empleadas tanto por los diferentes órganos de la curia como en las peticiones remitidas por los particulares. Asimismo, se profundiza en dichas tipologías documentales, describiéndolas desde un punto de vista diplomático, destacando sus peculiaridades.
(Des)encontros entre Giorgio Agamben e Michel Foucault: O que resta do estado de direito no Brasil
Authors: Serra Carlo Henrique Aguiar , Souza Luís Antônio Francisco de , Valério Raphael Guazzelli
Published: May 2021

O presente artigo explora as convergências e divergências conceituais e teóricas em alguns trabalhos de Michel Foucault e de Giorgio Agamben, dando ênfase às noções de estado de exceção e de biopolítica. Argumenta-se que o quadro analítico debatido pelos autores permite compreender porque, na presente sociedade brasileira, cada vez mais, a democracia vem se convertendo num grande mecanismo de gestão biopolítica que tem, em seu centro, a adoção de medidas e dispositivos típicos do estado de exceção, como a autorização da morte de suspeitos e de inimigos e de suspensão de direitos e garantias constitucionais. A base empírica para discussão teórica é a recente experiência de intervenção militar na segurança pública no Rio de Janeiro, com suas medidas de exceção, baseadas na ocupação do território, na militarização social, no controle de acesso e na impunidade diante das violações. A intervenção, neste sentido, é um laboratório do estado de exceção permanente que, paulatinamente, está se instalando na sociedade brasileira.
利郎品牌年轻化策略探析
Authors: 陈 湘韵 , 郑 文坚
Published: May 2021

利郎男装作中国男装领军品牌之一，为吸引年轻消费者，避免消费者断层的风险，采取了覆盖整个品牌的年轻化决策。通过对其年轻化前后的“STP+4P”的策略范式的比较以及年轻化后品牌的业务绩效、市场感知、传播成效的分析，可以看到，利郎品牌年轻化取得了阶段性成功，但这种成功更多的是产品风格年轻化的成功，品牌形象年轻化还没有形成强势认知。
21世纪的新价值产业—道歉企业的价值创新
Authors: 张 淑琼 , 杨 国梁
Published: May 2021

道歉是一件美德，却是一件不容易的事，前提是要知道为何要道歉，而不是为了道歉而道歉。东方人的教育相当重视「向对方道歉」，往往忽略知错的重要性，也就是说道歉的背后，是先要承认自己的错。道歉别人不一定会原谅你，但不表示道歉，绝对会让别人不仅无法原谅你，更会否定其他所做的努力。道歉不容易，因为真正的道歉，从来就不只是表达「对不起」、「非常抱歉」而已，蕴含自省自觉、同理感受和不强求回报的道歉，才是真正负责任且具有力量的行为。本研究首先诠释道歉的内在意涵，进而简介国际上以道歉作为商业模式或服务，以产生创新商业价值的范例，并以凝聚顾客的社群意识、增强顾客心理归属感、提高顾客参与程度、发展志工系统与时间银行，作为未来道歉企业价值创新的可行策略。
Šiltnamio efektą sukeliančių dujų emisijos iš laivų mažinimo naudojant alternatyvų jūrinį kurą analizė
Authors: Gavėnas Jonas , Nikolajus Alvydas
Published: May 2021

Norint sumažinti laivybos išmetamosiomis dujomis sukeliamą taršą, kuri turi didelę įtaką aplinkos ekologijai ir klimato kaitai, būtina kuo skubiau atkreipti dėmesį į naujus galimus alternatyvius jūrinius degalus, kiek galima daugiau prisidedant prie aplinkos saugojimo, nes laivyba turi didelį poveikį, kuris susijęs su šiltnamio dujų emisijomis.

Straipsnyje analizuojama jūrų transporto įtaka ekologiniam aplinkos disbalansui. Nagrinėjamos suskystintų natūralių dujų (LNG) sistemos konstrukcijos ir jų panaudojimas. LNG lyginamos su sunkiuoju jūriniu kuru (HFO). Pateikiamos galimybės šio kuro pritaikymui laivyboje tolimesniam laikotarpiui, žiūrint kaip į rimtą perspektyvą, mažinant laivų sukeliamą neigiamą poveikį aplinkai. Atradimai parodo, kad, dirbant su aukšto slėgio dviejų rūšių degalus naudojančia vidaus degimo variklio (VDV) sistema, sumažinamos šiltnamio dujų emisijos (GHG) iki 21 proc. palyginti su VDV, dirbančiais vien HFO. Ši variklio technologija labiausiai tinka dideliems mažų apsukų dvitakčiams varikliams, kurie naudojami jūriniam plaukiojimui didesniais atstumais. Kalbant apie oro taršą, varikliai, naudojantys kurui dujas, yra labai efektyvi priemonė mažinti tokias emisijas, kaip anglies dioksidas CO2, azoto oksidai (NOx), sieros oksidai (SOx). Kad būtų pasiekti Tarptautinės Jūrų Organizacijos (TJO) Tier 3 reikalavimai dėl azoto oksidų, būtina taikyti išmetamųjų dujų valymą naudojant selektyviuosius katalizatorius (SCR) arba pačių išmetamųjų dujų recirkuliaciją (EGR).
Vietovaizdžio meninė raiška, forma ir prasmė:
Authors: Deveikienė Vaiva , Deveikis Steponas
Published: May 2021

Straipsnyje analizuojama dviejų postmodernizmo epochos kraštovaizdžio architektūros kūrėjų – prancūzų kraštovaizdžio architekto, vieno iš naujos urbanistinės krypties kraštovaizdžio architektūros teoretikų ir praktikų Michel Corajoud (1937–2014) ir amerikiečio ar brito postmodernizmo architektūros mąstytojo, daugelio teorinių veikalų ir kraštovaizdžio formavimo sprendinių autoriaus Charles Jencks (1939–2019) – kūrybos bruožai. Analizuojami postmodernistinio miesto vietovaizdžiai, novatoriška vizija pagrįsti ir įgyvendinti kraštovaizdžio formavimo projektai. Siekiama palyginti dviejų kraštovaizdžio meistrų kūrybines idėjas, susieti jas su dabartinėmis urbanistikos, kraštovaizdžio architektūros mokslo ir praktikos tendencijomis ir teoriniais modeliais.
Vėjo elektrinių vizualinio poveikio kraštovaizdžiui vertinimo metodinės gairės
Authors: Abromas Jonas
Published: May 2021

Dėl didėjančių vėjo elektrinių erdvinių parametrų kinta ir vizualinis poveikis kraštovaizdžiui. Vertinant Anykščių rajone esančių vėjo elektrinių poveikį kraštovaizdžiui ir tikslinant vizualinio poveikio zonas, pirmiausia buvo išanalizuota kartografinė medžiaga ir inventorizuotos vėjo elektrinės (parengta elektrinių išdėstymo GIS duomenų bazė). Taip pat nustatyti elektrinių vizualiniai parametrai. Tyrimo metu įvertintos vėjo elektrinių vizualinio poveikio zonos, poveikio pobūdis, reikšmingumas ir kontrasto laipsnis.

Nustatytos poveikio pobūdžio schemos dėl didesnių vėjo elektrinių erdvinių parametrų nesikeičia: 1 – vizualiai dominuojančios; 2 – iš dalies dominuojančios; 3 – akcentai; 4 – subdominantės;  5 – foniniai elementai.

Didžiąsias vėjo elektrines, kurių bendras aukštis siekia iki 150–230 m, esant geram matomumui galime pastebėti iki 30 km atstumu, tačiau vizualinį poveikį kraštovaizdžiui turi iki 15–20 km (kraštovaizdžio foniniai elementai).
Educação Musical e Diversidade Cultural Diálogos acerca de uma aprendizagem musical intercultural
Authors: Batista Leonardo Moraes
Published: May 2021

Esse artigo aborda questões de aprendizagem musical para o campo da escola repensando o campo da educação musical em diálogo com a diversidade cultural e o multiculturalismo intercultural como meio de pensarmos novas epistêmes fora dos cânones orquestrados pelas culturas europeias. Por meio de conceitos do multiculturalismo sobre a voz de Candau (2008, 2012) com o auxílio de Queiroz (2011, 2013, 2015) proponho discussão sobre o lugar da educação musical dentro de um propósito da diversidade cultural, com intercâmbios dentro de um contexto democrático acerca do pluralismo cultural. Com as vozes de Oliveira (2008) e Filho (2010) evoco alguns caminhos no intuito de tecer encontros emancipatórios educativos dentro de uma concepção de autonomia, com justiça social e cognitiva, conversa mútua de culturas e reconhecimento com base na pluralidade de ideais em diálogo com a contemporaneidade para um efetivo exercício de uma aprendizagem musical intercultural com diversidade cultural.
Atresia anal grau IV em cão – relato de caso
Authors: Santos Fabiana Bernardes Almeida , Barreto Hellen Magela , Salles Simone Pontes Xavier , De Andrade Corrine Fraga , Iglesias Laura , Sá Marcus André Ferreira
Published: May 2021

Atresia anal consiste em uma anormalidade congênita rara que ocorre em filhotes, sendo incompatível com a vida quando não tratada. Caracteriza-se pela persistência da membrana anal durante a formação embriológica, e pode ser classificada em quatro tipos (graus I, II, III e IV). No início, os sinais podem ser imperceptíveis devido à limpeza constante da mãe sobre os filhotes. O diagnóstico é realizado através de exames clínicos e complementares, como radiografia e ultrassonografia, em que se pode determinar o estágio da enfermidade.  O prognóstico é variável, dependendo do grau da anomalia, da precocidade do diagnóstico e do estado geral do paciente. O presente artigo relata um caso de atresia anal grau IV, associada à fístula retovaginal em um cão da raça Poodle, fêmea, com 30 dias de vida. O animal foi submetido à intervenção cirúrgica para correção do defeito, onde obteve-se sucesso.
Melanoma melanocítico oral em cão – revisão de literatura
Authors: Barreto Hellen Magela , Sá Marcus André Ferreira
Published: May 2021

O melanoma é descrito como uma desordem neoplásica proveniente da transformação maligna do melanócito normal, que é responsável pela produção de melanina. Acomete principalmente a cavidade oral, junções mucocutâneas e pele de cães. Apresenta-se como um tipo de câncer com pior prognóstico e com alta incidência de metástase. Este trabalho tem por objetivo apresentar uma revisão da literatura, abordando a etiologia e fisiopatologia do melanoma oral, terapêutica, incluindo procedimentos cirúrgicos, quimioterápicos, radioterápicos, imunoterápicos e eletroquimioterápicos.
Improvement of Offshore Wind Turbine Portfolio Decisions Through Cost Forecast Equations
Authors: Meissner Maximilian , Gregus Michal
Published: May 2021

In this article we examine the research question ‘How cost forecast equations for offshore wind turbine main components can improve the portfolio decisions from Product Portfolio Management (PPM)?” by an extensive literature review of product portfolio decisions within PPM in the wind industry. In addition, two key experts from a leading offshore wind turbine OEM have been interviewed to answer this question and the method of qualitative content analysis as outlined by Mayring has been used to analyze the interviews and interpret the findings. It was analyzed how portfolio decisions for future offshore wind turbines are made and how future turbine costs are estimated. Therefore, this paper provides the scientific foundation by presenting the status quo of how PPM makes portfolio decisions for offshore wind turbines and with it how the future cost of offshore wind turbines are estimated. Aiming to use the presented results in future research in order to create accurate cost forecast models for the turbine main components and with it the creation of an overall turbine CAPEX scaling model.
Information Needs and Seeking Behaviour Among Medical Students of Pamo University of Medical Sciences Port Harcourt
Authors: H.I. Wiche , K.K. Ray-Ogbonna
Published: May 2021

The study investigated information needs and seeking behaviour of medical students of PAMO University of medical sciences Port Harcourt, Rivers State. Five objectives and five research questions guided the study. The researcher adopted a descriptive survey design for the study, with a population of 371 comprising hundred and three hundred level students, from which a census sampling technique was used to sample the entire population. Questionnaire titled “Information Needs and Seeking Behaviour of Medical Students” (INSBMS) was used to gather the data. Out of 371 copies of questionnaire administered, only 365 copies were found valid for the analysis. The study was analysed using multiple statistical tools, frequency distribution of the simple percentage and mean scores. The findings of the study revealed that the information needs of medical students of PAMO University include academic information, like courses they are to study, assignment, examination timetable, what book to use for the course, departmental programs, personal health information, medical news and laboratory practicals. They consult different sources when seeking information among which are medical textbooks, lecturers, classmates, they consult the library, school notice board, internet, ebooks and databases; the students use the library often and expressed satisfaction with library services. Based on the challenges encountered by the students, the following recommendations are therefore postulated that a course on information need and seeking behaviour be introduced in all institutions of higher learning, this course will reduce the frustration medical students undergo when in need of information. PAMO University library should train students on how to construct effective searches to enhance their use of electronic information resources in the library.
Effect of Ouchi Theory Z on the Performance of Selected Microfinance Banks in Warri Metropolis in Delta State
Authors: G. Agbele , O.H. Onoriode
Published: May 2021

The study focused on the effect of Ouchi theory Z on the performance of selected Microfinance Banks in Warri Metropolis in Delta State. The hypothetical aim was to ascertain the type of relationship that exists between the variables. The population covered 50 staff (Senior and Junior) of the selected Microfinance Bank in the area under study. The instrument employed for data collection was through personal (face-to-face) discussion with the respondents. Positive and reliable results were obtained. The data was analyzed through tables and chi-square statistical technique. The findings revealed that negative correlation exists between Ouchi theory Z and performance of Microfinance Bank. Calculated value less than the critical value (0.722 < 3.84) was equally 0bserved. This connotes a negative relationship between the dependent and independent variable. Microfinance banks in the area under study have been operating independently without the application of Ouchi theory Z that encourages workers/employees satisfaction that result in an increase in productivity. The study recommended that team work should be encouraged among Microfinance Bank. There should be employee participation in decision making and strategic planning among Microfinance Banks. Again, constant and continuous communication (CCC) leadership style should be maintained between employees and employers of Microfinance Banks for maximum productivity.
Study of Heavy Metal Concentration in underground water at Janjghir Champa region in Chhattisgarh
Authors: Kumar Ghosh Manoj , Tiwari Harsha
Published: May 2021

The present study focused on the groundwater contamination in pre monsoon and post monsoon status in ten villages near Janjghir Champa district Chhattisgarh state India. Groundwater samples were collected from sites in pre monsoon (April May 2020) and post monsoon (Sept October 2020) using composite sampling method. Ten heavy metals were detected in groundwater samples. The observed results revealed the exceeding value of heavy metals prescribed by WHO for groundwater.
Green Synthesis of Novel ethyl 3-amino-5-(methylthio)-4-(5-substituted phenyloxazol-2-yl)thiophene-2-carboxylate derivatives
Authors: Chavan Satish M.
Published: May 2021

Synthesis of novel ethyl 3-amino-5-(methylthio)-4-(5-substituted phenyloxazol-2-yl) thiophene-2-carboxylate derivatives from 3-amino-4-carbamoyl-5-(methylthio)thiophene-2-carboxylate was carried out by traditional as well as microwave irradiation green protocol. Ethyl 3-amino-5-(methylthio)-4-(5-substituted phenyloxazol-2-yl) thiophene-2-carboxylate derivatives were screened for antimicrobial screening against gram positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 29737), gram negative bacteria Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853) and Candida albicans (MTCC 277), Aspergillus niger (MCIM 545) fungi.
PENGARUH IKATAN KEPENTINGAN KEUANGAN, PEMBERIAN JASA LAIN, AUDIT TENURE, PERSAINGAN KANTOR AKUNTAN PUBLIK DAN AUDIT FEE TERHADAP INDEPENDENSI PENAMPILAN AUDITOR
Authors: Wicita Tiara Milka , Osesoga Maria Stefani
Published: May 2021

The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of the financial interest, non-audit services, audit tenure, competition between Public Accountant Firm, and audit fee toward auditor’s independency in appearance. The study was conducted using a survey method to provide the questionnaries to auditors in Public Accountant Firm. The data used in this study was primary data. The population of this study was auditors working at Public Accountant Firm. The sample of this study were auditors working at Public Accountant Firm in Jakarta and Tangerang which provides non-accounting services at least in one year of service and bachelor degree in level of education. There were 185 questionnaries distributed for this research, but only 134 questionnaries returned and 126 questionnaries used in this research using multiple linear regressions. The result of this study were (1) financial interest has no impact toward auditor’s independency in appearance, (2) non-audit services has no impact toward auditor’s independency in appearance,(3) audit tenure has no impact toward auditor’s independency in appearance, (4) competition between Public Accountant Firm has no impact toward auditor’s independency in appearance, (5) audit fee has significant impact toward auditor’s independency in appearance.
PENGARUH AUDITOR SWITCHING, LIKUIDITAS, LEVERAGE, DISCLOSURE DAN FINANCIAL DISTRESS TERHADAP KEMUNGKINAN PENERIMAAN OPINI AUDIT GOING CONCERN
Authors: Septiana Indri , Diana Patricia
Published: May 2021

The objective of this study was to obtain empirical evidence about the effect of auditor switching, liquidity, leverage, disclosure and financial distress on the probability of going concern audit opinion. The object of this study is the mining companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2013 – 2016.

Samples of this research were chosen by using purposive sampling and got 8 mining companies that matched the criteria. The criteria used for choosing the samples are listed on BEI as mining company during period 2013-2016, publish the annual report and audited financial statement in Rupiah, and has a net loss for two periods in a row. This research use regression logistic because the dependent variable measured by nominal scale. The result of this research showed that auditor switching, liquidity, leverage, disclosure and financial distress didn’t have effect to the probability of going concern audit opinion.
Bilateral Striopallidodentate Calcinosis in Female: A case report
Authors: Kadel Arun , Chandra Avinash , Rajbhandari Reema , Shrestha Pranaya , Rajbhandari Pravesh
Published: May 2021

Bilateral striopallidodentate calcinosis (BSPDC) is associated with many neurological and psychiatric abnormalities and most commonly present with extra pyramidal symptoms and can be idiopathic or associated with endocrinopathy, frequently with parathyroid disorders. Here we describe a case who presented with generalized seizure. During workup, the cause of seizure was found to be bilateral and symmetric, extensive, irregular, intraparenchymal calcifications involving the basal ganglia, thalamus and dentate nucleus, white matter in the frontal, parietal, and occipital lobes and dentate nuclei of cerebellum. On the basis of clinical features, investigations, and exclusion of other causes of intracranial calcification a clinical diagnosis of BSPDC was made. BSPDC should be considered in the differential diagnosis of endocrinopathy particularly parathyroid disorders, when associated with neurological and psychiatric abnormalities.
Mechanical Thrombectomy for Acute Ischemic Stroke in Nepal
Authors: Rajbhandari Pravesh , Rajbhandari Saujanya , Neupane Anish , Gurung Pritam
Published: May 2021

Stroke is one of the leading causes of mortality and the number one cause of dependency in the world. Endovascular therapy has emerged as promising treatment strategy in the patient with acute ischemic stroke due to large vessel occlusion in anterior circulation. Moreover, the time window for mechanical thrombectomy have also been expanded based on the recent DAWN and DEFUSE-3 trial. It is evident that this trend could dramatically increase the number of potential patients for the treatment. Moreover, advancement in stroke imaging have guided physicians to make wisest decision in identifying suitable patient who can get benefit from the recent treatment strategies. The stroke management is evolving and continues to improve, making better outcome of the patient possible. In context of our country Nepal, it is also necessary to educate and aware medical staffs including physicians, nurses, laboratory/ radiology personnel to design a proper acute stroke team to deliver successful therapy which will eventually make a sound impact in a large number of patients with stroke.

Herein, we report a case of a 69-year-old gentleman who presented with right middle cerebral artery territory infarction within 3hours of onset of symptoms and underwent mechanical thrombectomy as a part of the treatment.