bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Design and SAR analysis of DGS based deformed microstrip antenna for ON/OFF body smart wearable IoT applications
Authors: Soni Gaurav Kumar , Yadav Dinesh , Kumar Ashok , Jain Prince , Rathi Amit
Published: December 2024

This article presents a defected ground structure (DGS)-based deformed microstrip wearable antenna for ON/OFF body smart wearable Internet of Things (IoT) applications.. The antenna design has certain features such as lightweight, cost-effectiveness, low profile, and flexibility. Fabricated using a Rogers RT/Duroid 5880 substrate with a thickness of 0.508 mm, the proposed antenna includes a deformed rectangular patch and DGS to enhance impedance matching and radiation performance at 2.45 GHz. The results show a low reflection coefficient of approximately −36 dB and a peak gain of 5.61 dBi at 2.45 GHz in a free-space environment without bending. Additionally, the specific absorption rate (SAR) is measured to be 0.249 W kg−1 for 1 g of tissue and 0.137 W kg−1 for 10 g of tissue when the antenna is placed 0.32λ
0 away from the body. The study also indicates that SAR values decrease as the distance between the antenna and the body increases. The antenna prototype has been fabricated and experimentally tested under various ON/OFF body conditions and bending scenarios. The measured results closely align with the simulated data, confirming the antenna suitability for ON/OFF body IoT applications. Noteworthy features of the proposed wearable antenna include its conformability and suitability for body-worn applications, making it an excellent candidate for ON/OFF body smart wearable IoT devices.
Investigation of exact solitons to the quartic Rosenau-Kawahara-Regularized-Long-Wave fluid model with fractional derivative and qualitative analysis
Authors: Qawaqneh Haitham , Manafian Jalil , Alsubaie Abdullah Saad , Ahmad Hijaz
Published: December 2024

In this research, the exact solitons to an important wave equation, namely, the quartic Rosenau-Kawahara-Regularized-Long-Wave (QRKRLW) equation are obtained along with an effective definition of fractional derivative, Truncated M-fractional. This model has much importance in fluid dynamics, shallow waves, and many others. For our this purpose, two effective schemes, the modified extended tanh function scheme and the improved

(
G
′
/
G
)
−

expansion scheme are utilized. As a consequence, various solutions of the exact solitons including, singular, singular-bright, periodic, dark, dark-bright, and others are obtained. To verify and to represent the solutions, we plotted the solutions through 2D, 3D, and contour plots using Mathematica tool. Additionally, the qualitative analysis in the concept of stability analysis and modulation instability analysis is performed for verifying the being exact and accurate solutions. At the end, the schemes are also useful for the other nonlinear models in various branches of sciences, and engineering.
Semi-empirical calculations of transition probabilities for atomic aluminium
Authors: Peyrusse Olivier , Hermann Jörg
Published: December 2024

We discuss the use of a semi-empirical method to obtain the energy values of 391 energy levels and dipolar-electric radiative transition probabilities in neutral aluminium. A relativistic Hartree–Fock atomic structure code allowing superposition of configurations coupled with a least-square fit procedure has been used for this purpose. Einstein coefficients for spontaneous emission not yet tabulated by the NIST atomic spectra database are reported for several transitions.
Experimental investigation, modeling and optimization of wire EDM process parameters for machining AA2024-B4C self-lubricating composite
Authors: Kafaltiya Saurabh , Chauhan Sakshi , Singh V K , Verma Akarsh
Published: December 2024

Metal matrix composites (MMCs) are increasingly used across various manufacturing sectors, including automotive, defense, and aerospace, due to their exceptional strength-to-weight ratio, lightweight properties, high strength, and appreciable hardness when combined with suitable reinforcing materials. MMCs reinforced with carbide particles not only enhance the mechanical properties, but also exhibit self-lubricating characteristics, providing exceptional wear resistance. The self-lubricating properties of MMCs contribute significantly to minimizing the maintenance requirements, reducing operational costs, and advancing sustainability goals, rendering them indispensable for sectors such as aerospace, automotive, medical equipment, and energy. The present work addresses the challenges associated with machining advanced composite materials and proposes optimal machining parameters to overcome these difficulties. Here in the current investigation, aluminium alloy (AA2024) + 10 wt% B4C composite was selected as the workpiece material, and it was machined using a wire electric discharge machine. Response surface methodology was employed to develop predictive models for the output responses, namely surface roughness (R

a
) and material removal rate (MRR). The accuracy of the predictive models was found to be 98.78% for R

a
and 93.54% for MRR, demonstrating their reliability. To optimize the machining performance, both single-objective and multi-objective optimization approaches were used. Taguchi’s signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio analysis was applied for single-objective optimization, while Pareto optimal fronts generated using the genetic algorithm facilitated the multi-objective optimization to maximize MRR and minimize R

a
effectively.
Acoustic wave propagation in a porous medium saturated with two fluids and a solid
Authors: Liu 刘 Lin 琳 , Zhang 张 Xiu-Mei 秀梅 , Wang 王 Xiu-Ming 秀明
Published: December 2024

Wave propagation in multi-phase porous media is a significant research topic. There are a series of studies about porous media saturated with a single fluid, a solid and a fluid, two fluids, and three fluids. Some gas hydrate-bearing sediments are typical multiphase porous media saturated with a solid (gas hydrates) and two fluids (water and gas). Based on existing theories of porous media, we develop a theory and give a comprehensive analysis of wave propagation in a poroelastic medium saturated with two fluids and a solid. Initially, we establish the constitutive relations and equations of motion. Based on Biot’s approach for describing the equations of motion in fluid-saturated porous media at the macroscale, the kinetic energy density, potential energy density, and dissipative energy density are derived. After deriving the equations of motion, a plane wave analysis predicts the existence of four compressional waves, denoted P1, P2, P3, and P4 waves, and two shear waves, denoted S1 and S2 waves. Numerical examples are presented to demonstrate how velocities and attenuations of various waves behave with gas saturation, gas hydrate saturation, and frequency. A model degradation to porous media saturated with a single fluid supports the validity of the theory, which enriches the theory of multiphase porous media and provides a foundation for the evaluation of gas hydrate-bearing sediments.
Improved constraints on Higgs boson self-couplings with quartic and cubic power dependencies of the cross section*
Authors: Li 李 Hai Tao 海涛 , Si 司 Zong-Guo 宗国 , Wang 王 Jian 健 , Zhang 张 Xiao 晓 , Zhao 赵 Dan 丹
Published: December 2024

Precise determination of the Higgs boson self-couplings is essential for understanding the mechanism underlying electroweak symmetry breaking. However, owing to the limited number of Higgs boson pair events at the LHC, only loose constraints have been established to date. Current constraints are based on the assumption that the cross section is a quadratic function of the trilinear Higgs self-coupling within the

framework. Incorporating higher-order quantum corrections from virtual Higgs bosons would significantly alter this functional form, introducing new quartic and cubic power dependencies on the trilinear Higgs self-coupling. To derive this new functional form, we propose a specialized renormalization procedure that tracks all Higgs self-couplings at each calculation step. Additionally, we introduce renormalization constants for coupling modifiers within the

framework to ensure the cancellation of all ultraviolet divergences. With new functional forms of the cross sections in both the gluon-gluon fusion and vector boson fusion channels, the upper limit of

set by the ATLAS (CMS) collaboration is reduced from 6.6 (6.49) to 5.4 (5.37). However, extracting a meaningful constraint on the quartic Higgs self-coupling

from Higgs boson pair production data remains challenging. We also present the invariant mass distributions of the Higgs boson pair at different values of the self-couplings, which could assist in setting optimal cuts for experimental analysis.
The whole process control algorithm of inflatable dustproof shed construction in substation engineering based on graph neural network
Authors: Song Kun , Li Shuai , Zhang Ou , Wu Xuefeng , Jiang Xue
Published: December 2024

During the construction of an inflatable dust-proof shed in substation engineering, it is one of the key issues in power system research to use scientific whole-process control algorithms to complete substation engineering decisions. At present, the control algorithm has some problems, such as low control accuracy and poor convergence speed. Therefore, the whole process control algorithm of inflatable dust shed construction in substation engineering based on a graph neural network is proposed. The control indexes of the whole process of inflatable dust-proof shed construction in substation engineering are divided into the highest level, the middle level, and the lowest level. The discriminant matrix is established to obtain the single-factor fuzzy evaluation matrix of the middle-level index. Thus, the control indexes are constructed. According to this index, the basic operation flow of the graph neural network is constructed, the objective function of the graph neural network is set, the control steps of the whole process of inflatable dust-proof shed construction in substation engineering is analyzed, and the algorithm research is realized. The experimental results show that the convergence steps are greatly reduced, the control accuracy is high, and the convergence speed is significantly improved after applying the algorithm proposed in this paper.
Multi-source heterogeneous data self-organizing mapping fusion method of distribution network based on gravitational search algorithm
Authors: Zhang Xixiang , Meng Qi , Tan Qiwen
Published: December 2024

As a self-organizing mapping fusion method for multi-source heterogeneous data in distribution networks based on the GSA algorithm, efficient fusion is achieved through knowledge clustering and self-organizing iteration. Experiments have shown that when the running time is less than five seconds, the tracking error is precise, and the fusion effect is significant.
Design and implementation of a simple quadruped robot
Authors: Huang Zhe , Cui Yuanhui , Liang Sitong , Liu Zhao
Published: December 2024

This paper designed a quadruped bionic robot control system based on STM32. Through the control module, execution module, and sensor module, precise control of the robot’s movements and posture was achieved. A posture feedback control algorithm ensured the adjustment speed of the torso. The hardware part was centered around the STM32 microcontroller, with the control circuit designed to integrate various communication interfaces such as UART and Ethernet. The QT5 software was used for simulation, analyzing the quadruped robot’s adaptability and stability during movement through the motor’s torque and angle output parameters, providing both theoretical and practical foundations for optimization and integration in real-world applications.
Robust spatial changes in climate classes: insights from bias-corrected CMIP6 models across Chile
Authors: Vásquez Nicolás A , Mendoza Pablo A , Lagos-Zuñiga Miguel , Scaff Lucía , Muñoz-Castro Eduardo , Vargas Ximena
Published: December 2024

The climate in Continental Chile is marked by strong latitudinal and elevation gradients, exacerbated by diverse geographical features, such as the Andes. Despite previous studies projecting warmer and dryer conditions for most of the territory, there is concern about the robustness (i.e. level of agreement among models) of changes projected for its magnitude, not only for the impact on climate indices across this domain but also to identify changes in the spatial distribution of climate classes. Hence, we statistically downscaled and bias-corrected daily CMIP6 model outputs for continental Chile, using a multivariate bias correction method, to project climate changes under the SSP5-8.5 scenario. The results reveal that General Circulation Models (GCMs) project increased dryness across the study domain by the end of the 21st century, especially in Central Chile (−30% in precipitation), with notable sensitivities of precipitation projections to the implementation of bias correction methods in the northern and austral macrozones. Temperature projections show less dispersion, with higher increments in northern Chile and the Andes (4 ∘C–5 ∘C). Notable shifts in the extension of Köppen–Geiger climate classes are projected for the next decades, with the expansion of deserts in northern Chile and the prevalence of temperate climates with dry summers in central Chile. The Andes subdomain is expected to face the most dramatic changes in Köppen–Geiger classes (inter-model agreement

>

70%). Surprisingly, despite the large spread in GCM projections, there is high agreement among models regarding spatial changes in climate classes. Additionally, our results project drastic reductions in snowfall across the Andes, with higher freezing level heights that may exacerbate flooding and landslide risk across the country.
Washed away: industrial capital, labor, and floods
Authors: Sugathan Anish , Shah Arpit , Malghan Deepak
Published: December 2024

This study quantifies the dynamic impacts of floods on industrial capital and labor in India using a novel dataset combining geocoded flood events with firm facility-level data from 2000 to 2021. Employing a stacked difference-in-differences approach with carefully matched controls, we uncover persistent negative effects of floods on firms’ assets and employment, with striking heterogeneity across sectors and regions. In the post-flood period, we estimate declines from mean values in total assets of 46.1% (16.68 billion INR ≈ 225 million USD), employment of 49.0% (8.20 thousand workers), and the wage bill of 74.5% (5.52 billion INR ≈ 74 million USD). The sectoral impacts are highly varied: the information technology and communication, manufacturing, and utilities sectors experience significant declines in assets, while the financial services sector exhibits growth. Mapping the spatial distribution of flood events and industrial facilities reveals pronounced regional heterogeneity in flood exposure and economic impacts. Adding nuance to the empirical investigation of the ‘creative destruction’ hypothesis, we find limited evidence of systematic capital reallocation toward better-performing sectors, suggesting instead that floods generate sector-specific impacts with varying recovery patterns. These findings challenge assumptions of rapid post-disaster equilibration and have important implications for policymakers and firm managers in developing sector-specific strategies to mitigate the adverse impacts of floods in an increasingly climate-uncertain world.
International sanctions and food security: from the perspective of import dependency and environmental sustainability
Authors: Liu X M , Qiu H J
Published: December 2024

Agricultural import trade plays a substantial role in ensuring food security and Sustainable Development Goals; however, its effectiveness under the impact of international sanctions remains unclear, particularly regarding the inherent conflict between reducing import dependency and protecting domestic environmental sustainability. This study utilizes global agricultural trade and sanctions data from 2000 to 2019 to empirically investigate the impact of sanctions and uncover its specific internal mechanisms. The findings reveal that sanctions have reduced the import dependency of sanctioned countries by about 6% on average. Notably, improving domestic production in sanctioned countries is instrumental in mitigating the adverse effects of sanctions on food security, but it increases the emissions of CH4, N2O, biomass burned and the use of fertilizer and pesticide, which destroys the domestic environmental sustainability. These results imply that reducing import dependency on external markets improves the ‘availability’ and ‘stability’ of food security without sacrificing ‘agency,’ but it exacerbates ‘access,’ ‘utilization,’ and ‘sustainability.’ These findings are significant for proactively addressing and alleviating the impact of sanctions on agricultural sustainable development.
Influence of Balinese palm fiber and additives on concrete’s compressive and tensile strengths
Authors: Astariani Ni Kadek , Sudika I Gusti Made , Wirawan I Wayan Agus
Published: December 2024

Concrete is a material that has an important role in the world of construction. Concrete has high compressive strength but low tensile strength, so this research proposes the addition of Balinese palm fiber and damdex to improve the mechanical properties of the concrete. In this study, Balinese palm fiber was used at 2% of the cement weight with fiber lengths of 1 cm (BS1), 2 cm (BS2), and 3 cm (BS3). Meanwhile, damdex additives are used at 2% of the cement weight. The test object used was a cylinder measuring 15 cm x 30 cm, and the test was carried out at the age of 14 and 28 days with a slump value ranging from 7.5-10 cm. The mixture design was carried out using the SNI 7656:2012 method, where each variation of the mixture was made into 5 test objects, so that in total there were 80 test objects. There are 2 (two) mechanical property tests carried out, namely compressive strength and split tensile strength tests of concrete. From the test results at 28 days, normal concrete (BN) obtained a compressive strength of 29.95 MPa and a split tensile strength of 1.97 MPa. Meanwhile, for each variation, the concrete compressive strength results were 34.48 MPa (BS1), 32.44 MPa (BS2), 31.31 MPa (BS3). Meanwhile, the split tensile strength of concrete is 2.09 MPa (BS1), 2.38 MPa (BS2), and 2.73 MPa (BS3). From the test results it can be seen that adding 2% Balinese palm fiber and damdex gives better results than normal concrete, and provides the benefit of increasing the compressive strength and splitting tensile strength of the concrete.
Evaluation of Trans Metro Pekanbaru public transport bus performance and services for sustainable mobility
Authors: Prakasa Rizqy Ridho , Nugroho Soewignjo Agus , Audah Safridatul , Rhoma Putra Benny Hamdi
Published: December 2024

The city of Pekanbaru is the capital of Riau Province with a relatively high rate of population growth, migration and urbanization. Population growth based on BPS data from Pekanbaru City in 2023 is 1.30%, where the growth that increases every year is directly proportional to the condition of increasing use of private transportation has exceeded the capacity of the road. Based on data from the Pekanbaru Transportation Agency in 2023, the number of daily users of Trans Metro Pekanbaru public transportation is only 0.44% of the total population, this shows that interest in using public transportation in Pekanbaru City is still very low, while on the other hand, congestion and air pollution are increasing due to the use of private transportation. The purpose of this study is to determine the performance level of Trans Metro Pekanbaru with a performance evaluation method that is guided by the technical assessment standards of bus performance in accordance with SK.687/AJ.206/DRJ/2002 concerning the implementation of public transportation issued by the land transportation office. The results of the evaluation of the performance evaluation assessment of Trans Metro Pekanbaru obtained a range weight value for weekends and weekdays of 14-16 including the currently category. In addition to the level of performance to increase interest and the public in using Trans Metro Pekanbaru, a survey and analysis of service levels were also carried out using the Customer Satisfaction Index (CSI) method. Meanwhile, the level of service was obtained through the results of a passenger questionnaire survey in the field which was then analyzed using the Customer Satisfaction Index (CSI) method. The results of the service level with the CSI method obtained for Trans Metro Pekanbaru are 86% which can be interpreted as very satisfied with the service level of Trans Metro Pekanbaru.
Potential of composting food waste using sheep and bat manure with open windrow method at IPB Darmaga Campus
Authors: Wijayanto Shahia Awliya , Febrita Joana
Published: December 2024

Institut Pertanian Bogor (IPB) is one of the educational institutions in Indonesia that also has a role in generating solid waste. Food waste production amounted to 379.55 kg per day from the total amount of solid waste at IPB Darmaga Campus. Food waste that is only collected at the Cikabayan Sorting House and not processed further can pollute the environment. Therefore, processing with composting is needed. The research aims to analyze the characteristics and quality of compost, determine the best composition of compost, and analyze the potential in reducing food waste at IPB Darmaga Campus from processing food waste with a mixture of animal manure (sheep and bats) and Bio-Hara Plus activator. Composting was carried out aerobically with the open windrow method for eight weeks. Six compost variations were made with the addition of materials in the campus environment that were given the same treatment. The results showed that the characteristics and quality of compost such as colour, volume, temperature, pH, moisture content, C-Organic, N-Total, and C/N ratio were in accordance with SNI 19-7030-2004. The best compost quality was found in variation F3 and F1 (four and eight weeks) and potential to reduce 4% (F3) and 43% (F1) food waste at IPB Darmaga Campus.
Bioconversion of Horeca (Hotel, Restaurant and Catering) Food Waste into Black Soldier Fly Larvae Oil
Authors: Nisa Aulia , Yuwono Arief Sabdo
Published: December 2024

Horeca Food Waste is waste from the hotel, restaurant and catering sectors. The hotel industry generates 0.8-1.2 kg of food waste per guest. A bioconversion process can be used as a technique for treating food waste. The oil content of BSFL constitutes 35-45% of their whole weight. Research must be conducted on the bioconversion of horeca food waste (from hotels, restaurants, and catering) into oil derived from black soldier fly larvae. The study utilised horeca waste bioconversion to investigate environmental parameters, analyse the bioconversion properties of food waste, extract BSF larvae oil by the maceration technique, and evaluate the physicochemical attributes of the obtained oil. The bioconversion qualities of food waste by black soldier fly larvae were assessed by determining the values of D (waste reduction rate), WRI (Waste Reduction Index), FMCR (Fresh Matter Consumption Rate), DMCR (Dry Matter Consumption Rate), DMR (Dry Matter Reduction), and ECD (Efficiency of Conversion Digested feed). The fat content recovered from BSFL was measured at 35.9%, 34.9%, and 24.5%. The oil yield obtained from horeca waste was determined to be 18.9%, 18.3%, and 20.4%. The physicochemical characteristics acquired from the three samples indicated that the water content, iodine, saponification, and refractive index parameters did not meet the specified quality standards. The oil’s fatty acid composition was primarily composed of saturated fatty acids (SFA), with respective values of 66.24%, 72.63%, and 66.89%. BSF larvae oil has potential as an intermediate product for making bio-diesel, bio-lubricants and bio-grease.
Modification of Flood Hazard Assessment in Pemaluan River: Case Study of Pemaluan Village, Penajam Paser Utara Regency
Authors: Handyastono B , Nugroho E O , Kasim M R S , Fachri F J , Rianto A , Hazmi M
Published: December 2024

Flooding occurs when river water overflows its channel or inundates low-lying areas without adequate drainage. Heavy rainfall, reduced drainage or river capacity, topography, land use change and tidal influence are all factors that cause flooding. The socio-economic and developmental impacts of this disaster in Indonesia are significant. One of them is in Sepaku District, Penajam Paser Utara Regency, East Kalimantan Province. The Sanggai Watershed is a watershed located in Penajam Paser Utara Regency, East Kalimantan Province, where there is an area that has been designated as the new National Capital to replace Jakarta. The Sanggai watershed has 7 (seven) rivers that flow into Balikpapan Bay, namely Trunen, Semuntai, Sanggai, Sepaku, Semoi, Pemaluan, and Baruangin. Pemaluan Sub Watershed, with an area of 124.43 km2 is in the Sanggai Watershed and is drained by the Pemaluan River. The Pemaluan River often experiences flooding due to high rainfall intensity, long rain duration, low culvert capacity, river narrowing and the absence of an adequate drainage system that inundates residential areas, provincial roadside areas resulting in environmental, community and economic losses. Especially in terms of flood management, the above problems need attention. Since there is no previous research that discusses flood hazard assessment in the area, this study aims to conduct a flood hazard assessment with an approach that emphasizes inundation review in detail quantitative flood hazard classification with flood hazard mapping, flood inundation will be simulated with 2D flow area and unsteady flow data availability using HECRAS 6.5 software. Referring to the NADM parameter criteria with a high category which has an area of 6.22 Km2, while in MPWH with a very high category which has an area of 3.46 Km2.
Hydraulic simulation on the extensification area of the Katingan I swamp irrigation area, Central Kalimantan Province
Authors: Pranata Riko , Pratiwi Endita Prima Ari , Jayadi Rachmad
Published: December 2024

The Katingan I Swamp Irrigation Area (DIR Katingan I) is projected as one of the Food Estate areas in Indonesia. The food sector development program at DIR Katingan I has been implemented since 2021 through the Strategic Irrigation Modernization and Urgent Rehabilitation Project (SIMURP) programs, including extensions of irrigation networks and structures. This study aims to evaluate flow patterns in DIR Katingan I, particularly in the extensification areas with higher elevation than the existing area and has not undergone the leaching processes. The flow pattern of the macro irrigation system is modelled and simulated using Hydrologic Engineering Center’s River Analysis System (HEC-RAS) 6.4.1 software. The modelling is based on channel geometry data and water level elevation recorded in the Katingan River as a downstream boundary condition. Calibration with measured data in the primary channel resulted in a Manning’s coefficient of 0.03, closest to field conditions (R = 0.81, error = 6.63%). Simulation results show that without control structures, the flow in the irrigation network cannot reach the extensification area with the elevation above +3.9 m. Additionally, the primary channels function as a supply channel and the collector channel as a drainage channel cannot be achieved, allowing water from the leaching process to re-enter the rice fields. Thereafter, it is recommended to operate control structures so that the flow can reach the entire extensification area and the supply and drainage flows can be completely separated. Thus, leaching intensity is expected to increase and the soil ripening process will occur more quickly.
A comparative analysis of rainfall data from IMERG early run and ground-based rain gauges on Bali Island
Authors: Aryastana Putu , Yujana Cokorda Agung , Candrayana Kadek Windy
Published: December 2024

Ground-based precipitation measurements encounter challenges in various parts of Bali due to the limited number of gauge stations. Therefore, it is essential to identify dependable alternatives like satellite-derived precipitation data, which offer continuous precipitation time series with high spatial resolution. This study assessed the effectiveness of near real-time global satellite precipitation products, specifically the Integrated Multi-satellite Retrievals for Global Precipitation Measurement-Early Run (IMERG-E) compared to gauge data from 43 stations across Bali Province. To evaluate IMERG-E datasets, traditional point-to-pixel comparison techniques were employed, alongside statistical metrics including correlation coefficient (CC), mean absolute error (MAE), relative bias (RB), and Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE). The comparative analysis showed that the daily IMERG-E dataset performs moderately well, as evidenced by weak to moderate correlation and low MAE. IMERG-E showed evidence of underestimating rainfall, as indicated by the RB value. Conversely, IMERG-E demonstrates poor accuracy according to the NSE value. It is necessary to explore effective correction methods for IMERGE-E to establish it as a viable alternative data source.
Land subsidence analysis of Bogor City with DInSAR (Differential Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar) technique
Authors: Nur’Aini Atikah , Purwanto Moh. Yanuar Jarwadi , Syafiudin Moh. Fifik , Sapei Asep , Arif Chusnul
Published: December 2024

Urban development in various sectors such as industry, economy, transportation, and other sectors naturally increases the risk of flooding and inundation followed by land subsidence. The process of subsidence that occurs slowly and unnoticed tends to increase the possibility of various losses. Through this research, the pattern of land subsidence and its correlation with population density and land use will be obtained. This research uses C-band data from COMET-LiCS and a concentric ring-shaped deformation fringe pattern. Based on the research that has been conducted, the results of the calculation of land subsidence rates show an upward trend in the last 5 years (2019 - 2023) with the highest decline reaching 7.98 cm/year in 2023 in West Bogor. The rate of subsidence that occurs is also not greatly influenced by population density in Bogor City, especially West Bogor District but forms a land use pattern that tends to be dominated by residential areas. This can occur due to building loading factors, groundwater exploitation, natural factors, and other human activities.
Integration of Building Information Modelling (BIM) for Cultural Preservation in Infrastructure Development in Bali, Indonesia
Authors: Dwijendra Ngakan Ketut Acwin , Desak Ayu Krystina Winastri K , Dewa Ngakan Made Bagus Krishna K
Published: December 2024

This study investigates the integration of Building Information Modelling (BIM) for cultural preservation in infrastructure development in Bali, Indonesia. The primary aim is to analyze how BIM can design buildings harmonizing with the environment while preserving traditional architectural elements. The research employs a mixed-method approach involving qualitative interviews and quantitative questionnaires, targeting 30 infrastructure and building projects in Bali, divided equally between those utilizing BIM and those that do not. This study’s comparison between BIM and non-BIM systems was based on several critical indicators: energy efficiency, resource management, construction waste reduction, and cultural preservation scores. The findings indicate that BIM significantly enhances energy efficiency, resource management, and the documentation and preservation of cultural elements. Specifically, projects employing BIM demonstrated a 15% reduction in energy consumption and a 20% reduction in construction waste compared to non-BIM projects. Furthermore, BIM-enabled projects scored higher in cultural preservation, with an average score of 4.2 out of 5, versus 3.5 out of 5 for non-BIM projects, with these differences being statistically significant (p < 0.05). These results underscore BIM’s potential as a critical tool in promoting sustainable development and cultural preservation in Bali.
Rheological analysis of micro rubber SIR 20 modified asphalt
Authors: Ramdhani Fitra , Subagio Bambang Sugeng , Rahman Harmein , Frazila Russ Bona
Published: December 2024

The development of asphalt modified with natural rubber, specifically Standard Indonesian Rubber (SIR) 20, improves the overall performance of asphalt. However, the mixing process presents challenges that can result in higher mixing and compaction temperatures. To overcome this, our research utilizes SIR 20 in micro form. This study aims to assess the effects of incorporating Micro Rubber SIR 20 (MR SIR 20) into bitumen on the fundamental rheological properties of asphalt and to explore the morphological characteristics of MR SIR 20 modified asphalt. The research was conducted through laboratory tests, examining key rheological properties such as penetration, softening point, ductility, and viscosity. For morphological analysis, tests included Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDS), and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The laboratory tests involved adding MR SIR 20 in concentrations of 7%, 9%, and 11% to Pen 60/70 asphalt. The findings indicated that as the MR SIR 20 content increased, penetration values decreased, softening points rose, ductility diminished, and mixing and compaction temperatures were reduced. The decrease in penetration is attributed to the higher MR SIR 20 content, which enhances the absorption of lighter asphalt fractions and improves homogeneity. The rise in softening point compared to standard Pen 60/70 asphalt signifies a successful modification, driven by increased asphaltene and resin content and a reduction in maltene content in the bitumen. Consequently, MR SIR 20 modified asphalt can speed up the mixing process and lower the required mixing and compaction temperatures. SEM analysis of MR SIR 20 revealed a rounded morphology, uniformly distributed across the surface. EDS analysis identified sulfur, potassium, calcium, and zinc as the dominant elements in MR SIR 20, which play a vital role in enhancing the properties of Pen 60/70 asphalt in the mixture. Additionally, FTIR analysis showed the presence of alkane functional groups in MR SIR 20.
Advanced vat photopolymerization 3D printing of silicone rubber with high precision and superior stability
Authors: Ji Zhongying , Xu Bingang , Su Zhiyong , Wang Xiaochen , Lyu Yang , Liu Sen , Wu Tao , Wang Xiaolong
Published: December 2024

Silicone rubber (SR) is a versatile material widely used across various advanced functional applications, such as soft actuators and robots, flexible electronics, and medical devices. However, most SR molding methods rely on traditional thermal processing or direct ink writing three-dimensional (3D) printing. These methods are not conducive to manufacturing complex structures and present challenges such as time inefficiency, poor accuracy, and the necessity of multiple steps, significantly limiting SR applications. In this study, we developed an SR-based ink suitable for vat photopolymerization 3D printing using a multi-thiol monomer. This ink enables the one-step fabrication of complex architectures with high printing resolution at the micrometer scale, providing excellent mechanical strength and superior chemical stability. Specifically, the optimized 3D printing SR-20 exhibits a tensile stress of 1.96 MPa, an elongation at break of 487.9%, and an elastic modulus of 225.4 kPa. Additionally, the 3D-printed SR samples can withstand various solvents (acetone, toluene, and tetrahydrofuran) and endure temperatures ranging from −50 °C to 180 °C, demonstrating superior stability. As a demonstration of the application, we successfully fabricated a series of SR-based soft pneumatic actuators and grippers in a single step with this technology, allowing for free assembly for the first time. This ultraviolet-curable SR, with high printing resolution and exceptional stability performance, has significant potential to enhance the capabilities of 3D printing for applications in soft actuators, robotics, flexible electronics, and medical devices.
Degradation behavior judgment-enabled improved transferable squeeze aggregated excitation remaining useful life prediction network for rolling bearing
Authors: Song Renwang , Yao Chenghao , Shi Hui , Chen Linying , Zhang Chenye
Published: December 2024

Remaining useful life prediction of rolling bearings in the various operating conditions is of significance for improving the reliability and durability of rotating machinery. However, the precision of RUL prediction is heavily affected by the significant differences in data feature distributions due to the different failure degradation behaviors of bearings and the various operating conditions. To address this issue, a novelty RUL prediction method based on degradation behavior judgment is proposed. Firstly, a method is proposed to judge the failure behavior, the deep convolutional autoencoder is used to construct the prior gradient health indicator and current health indicators of rolling bearings, and dynamic time warping is used to measure the difference between the two to judge failure degradation behavior. Then, an improved squeeze aggregated excitation network is proposed for RUL prediction. The squeeze aggregated excitation module, which embeds the residual shrinkage denoise module, is used to learn the mapping relationship between features and RUL to obtain comprehensive information. The maximum mean discrepancy is introduced into the final layer of the improved squeeze aggregated excitation network to reduce feature distribution differences. Results of the experiment show that this model has higher prediction precision and better robustness than other methods under three working conditions in the PHM 2012 dataset.
Local-global principle and integral Tate conjecture for certain varieties
Authors: Tian Zhiyu
Published: December 2024

We give a geometric criterion to check the validity of the integral Tate conjecture for one-cycles on a smooth projective variety that is separably rationally connected in codimension one, and to check that the Brauer-Manin obstruction is the only obstruction to the local-global principle for zero-cycles on a separably rationally connected variety defined over a global function field.

We prove that the Brauer-Manin obstruction is the only obstruction to the local-global principle for zero-cycles on all geometrically rational surfaces defined over a global function field, and to the Hasse principle for rational points on del Pezzo surfaces of degree four defined over a global function field of odd characteristic.

Along the way, we also prove some results about the space of one-cycles on a smooth projective variety that is separably rationally connected in codimension one, which leads to the equality of the coniveau filtration and the strong coniveau filtration on degree

3
3

homology of such varieties.
Preparing Hamiltonians for quantum simulation: A computational framework for Cartan decomposition via Lax dynamics
Authors: Chu Moody
Published: December 2024

Quantum algorithms usually are described via quantum circuits representable as unitary operators. Synthesizing the unitary operators described mathematically in terms of the unitary operators recognizable as quantum circuits is essential. One such a challenge lies in the Hamiltonian simulation problem, where the matrix exponential of a large-scale skew-Hermitian matrix is to be computed. Most current techniques are prone to approximation errors, whereas the parametrization of the underlying Hamiltonian via the Cartan decomposition is more promising. To prepare for such a simulation, this work proposes to tackle the Cartan decomposition by means of the Lax dynamics. The advantages include not only that it is numerically feasible with no matrices involved, but also that this approach offers a genuine unitary synthesis within the integration errors. This work contributes to the theoretic and algorithmic foundations in three aspects: exploiting the quaternary representation of Hamiltonian subalgebras; describing a common mechanism for deriving the Lax dynamics; and providing a mathematical theory of convergence.
Asymptotic order of the quantization error for a class of self-similar measures with overlaps
Authors: Zhu Sanguo
Published: December 2024

Let

{

f
i

}

i
=
1

N

\{f_i\}_{i=1}^N

be a set of equi-contractive similitudes on

R

1

\mathbb {R}^1

satisfying the finite-type condition. We study the asymptotic quantization error for the self-similar measures

μ
\mu

associated with

{

f
i

}

i
=
1

N

\{f_i\}_{i=1}^N

and a positive probability vector. With a verifiable assumption, we prove that the upper and lower quantization coefficient for

μ
\mu

are both bounded away from zero and infinity. This can be regarded as an extension of Graf and Luschgy’s result on self-similar measures with the open set condition. Our result is applicable to a significant class of self-similar measures with overlaps, including Erdős measure, the

3
3

-fold convolution of the classical Cantor measure and the self-similar measures on some

λ
\lambda

-Cantor sets.
Hypersurfaces with large automorphism groups
Authors: Esser Louis , Li Jennifer
Published: December 2024

We find sharp upper bounds on the order of the automorphism group of a hypersurface in complex projective space in every dimension and degree. In each case, we prove that the hypersurface realizing the upper bound is unique up to isomorphism and provide explicit generators for the automorphism group.
Setting the stage for Einstein’s general theory of  relativity
Authors: Vishveshwara Smitha , Vishveshwara C V
Published: December 2024

Sample
“The happiest thought”: The equivalence principle
Authors: Vishveshwara Smitha , Vishveshwara C V
Published: December 2024

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A spin on quantum concepts
Authors: Vishveshwara Smitha , Vishveshwara C V
Published: December 2024

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Rotating disk: The missing link
Authors: Vishveshwara Smitha , Vishveshwara C V
Published: December 2024

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Spooky action at a distance
Authors: Vishveshwara Smitha , Vishveshwara C V
Published: December 2024

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Feisty fermions, brotherly bosons 2
Authors: Vishveshwara Smitha , Vishveshwara C V
Published: December 2024

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The landmark gravitational wave discovery: A personal recollection 1
Authors: Vishveshwara Smitha , Vishveshwara C V
Published: December 2024

Sample
Superfluids and the coldest spaces of the universe
Authors: Vishveshwara Smitha , Vishveshwara C V
Published: December 2024

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Secrets of superconductivity
Authors: Vishveshwara Smitha , Vishveshwara C V
Published: December 2024

Sample
The Floating Staircase and the Choreography of Processions
Authors: Ross Janice
Published: December 2024

This chapter explores the many stairs Larry designed on the Halprin property as inspiration for the signature motif of processions in Anna’s dances. The modernist stairs in the house and the multiple packed earth and wood stairs that wind through the sloping levels of the gardens and hillside are read as inspiration for the lines of bodies moving up and over steps that is a recurring motif in Anna’s choreography. Symbolically, they are also precursors to what will become Larry’s signature use of waterfalls in his urban landscapes. This introduction solidifies the argument that movement is one of the key constants for the work of both Halprins and that stairs, and the mini performances of negotiating balance that they elicit, are prophetic. Works explored include Anna’s Parades and Changes and Blank Placard Dance and Larry’s Ira Keller Forecourt Fountain and FDR Memorial.
The Picture Frame, Not the Picture
Authors: Ross Janice
Published: December 2024

This chapter considers the plate glass windows throughout the William Wurster–designed Halprin house as tutorials in seeing for both Anna and Larry. The windows allowed them to see themselves seeing and to regard the found environments of nature and cities with close awareness as they constantly sought out how to direct attention and notice the overlooked, as well as the importance of bringing sustained focus to the world. Larry used landscape as a way to construct a communal vision that moved people from individual reflection into an increased consciousness of how to effectively engage with surroundings, and each other, in works like Freeway Park and Levi’s Plaza. Anna created models of dance training and dance creation that would become frames for social relations—and the emotions and psychological states conditioning them—in works such as Hangar, Ceremony of Us, and Still Dance.
Daily reciprocal relationships between affect, physical activity, and sleep in middle and later life
Authors: Lee Sun Ah , Fisher Zachary , Almeida David M
Published: December 2024

Background

The daily dynamics among affect, physical activity, and sleep are often explored by taking a unidirectional approach. Yet, obtaining a comprehensive understanding of the reciprocal dynamics among affect and health behaviors is crucial for promoting daily well-being.

Purpose

This study examined the reciprocal associations among affect, physical activity, and sleep in daily life in a U.S. national sample of mid- and later-life adults.

Methods

The study sample included 1,171 participants (mean age = 62.61 years, SD = 10.26 years, 57% female, 82% White) with 9,033 daily interview days from the daily diary project of the third wave of the Midlife in the United States study (MIDUS III). Participants reported their daily experiences across eight consecutive days. Using a dynamic structural equation modeling, we examined day-to-day autoregressive and cross-lagged associations among positive and negative affect, physical activity, and sleep.

Results

Results revealed that higher positive affect predicted a greater likelihood of engaging in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and better sleep quality the following day. Higher sleep quality predicted increased positive affect, reduced negative affect, and a greater likelihood of MVPA engagement the next day. Longer sleep duration predicted lower negative affect the following day. However, MVPA engagement predicted subsequent higher negative affect.

Conclusions

Findings underscore the importance of simultaneously considering affect, physical activity, and sleep in studying their day-to-day dynamics, and the protective role of positive affect and sleep quality in daily life. Maintaining high positive affect and managing sleep quality may be important intervention targets for enhancing daily well-being.