bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of maternal hypothyroidism in the gastrointestinal system of male young offspring from Wistar rats
Authors: de Rezende Lívia Prometti , Fortunato Silva Jéssica , da Costa Victor Augusto Alves , Bispo da Silva Luiz Borges , Balbi Ana Paula Coelho
Published: April 2020

Alterations in the maternal environment may impact on the fetal development. The objective of this study was to investigate the gastrointestinal consequences of maternal hypothyroidism for the male offspring from Wistar rats. The pregnant rats were divided into three groups: control (C – received water), experimental 1 [E1 – received methimazole (MMI) solution] during gestation and lactation, and experimental 2 (E2 – received MMI solution) during gestation. Maternal parameters evaluated: free T3 and T4, bodyweight variation, and water/food intake. Offspring parameters evaluated: litter size, number of male/female, free T3 and T4, stomach area, gastric ulcer susceptibility, small intestine length and weight, small intestine and distal colon motility, the stomach and intestinal weight–body weight ratio (SW/BW–IW/BW), and the accumulation of intestinal fluid. Maternal T3 and T4 from E1 were decreased when compared to the other groups. There were no differences for maternal water/food intake and weight gain, litter size, and number of males and females. Regarding to offspring, free T3, SW/BW, IW/BW, and intestinal fluid accumulation were not different between the groups, but T4 was decreased in E1. However, 30-day-old pups from E1 and E2 were smaller with lower stomach and small intestine. Even more, E1 presented a lower ulcer index when compared to the C, while E2 had a higher distal colon transit. It can be concluded that maternal hypothyroidism impaired the total body development, as well as gastric and intestinal development, besides interfering with the susceptibility to the ulcer and intestinal transit of male offspring from Wistar rats.
Adolescent depression and subsequent earnings across early to middle adulthood: a 25-year longitudinal cohort study
Authors: Philipson Anna , Alaie Iman , Ssegonja Richard , Imberg Henrik , Copeland William , Möller Margareta , Hagberg Lars , Jonsson Ulf
Published: April 2020

Aims

The few available studies on early-onset depression and future earnings offer ambiguous findings, and potential sources of heterogeneity are poorly understood. We examined the differences in adult earnings of males and females with and without a history of depressive disorder in adolescence, with specific focuses on (1) future earnings in clinical subtypes of adolescent depression; (2) the growth and distribution of earnings over time within these subgroups and (3) the mediating role of subsequent depressive episodes occurring in early adulthood.

Methods

Data were drawn from the Uppsala Longitudinal Adolescent Depression Study, a community-based cohort study initiated in Uppsala, Sweden, in the early 1990s. Comprehensive diagnostic assessments were conducted at age 16–17 and in follow-up interviews 15 years later, while consecutive data on earnings for the years 1996 to 2016 (ages 20–40) were drawn from population-based registries. The current study included participants with a history of persistent depressive disorder (PDD) (n = 175), episodic major depressive disorder (MDD) (n = 82), subthreshold depression (n = 64) or no depression (n = 218) in adolescence. The association of adolescent depression with earnings in adulthood was analysed using generalised estimating equations. Estimates were adjusted for major child and adolescent psychiatric comorbidities and parental socioeconomic status. The indirect (mediated) effect of depression in early adulthood (ages 19–30) on earnings in mid-adulthood (31–40) was estimated in mediation analysis. The study followed the ‘STrengthening the Reporting of OBservational studies in Epidemiology’ (STROBE) guidelines.

Results

Earnings across early to middle adulthood were lower for participants with a history of a PDD in adolescence than for their non-depressed peers, with an adjusted ratio of mean earnings of 0.85 (0.77–0.95) for females and 0.76 (0.60–0.95) for males. The differences were consistent over time, and more pronounced in the lower percentiles of the earnings distributions. The association was partially mediated by recurrent depression in early adulthood (48% in total; 61% for females, 29% for males). No reduction in earnings was observed among participants with episodic MDD in adolescence, while results for subthreshold depression were inconclusive.

Conclusions

Our findings suggest that future earnings of adolescents with depressive disorders are contingent on the duration and natural long-term course of early-onset depression, emphasising the need for timely and effective interventions to avoid loss of human capital.
Bildgebung der Lendenwirbelsäule bei unspezifischen Rückenschmerzen im Sinne von «Smarter Medicine» – ein Erfahrungsbericht aus drei Hausarztpraxen
Authors: Jutzi Rebecca , Giezendanner Stephanie , Zeller Andreas
Published: April 2020

Zusammenfassung. Daten bezüglich Umsetzung der Empfehlung von «Smarter Medicine»/Schweiz zur Bildgebungsdiagnostik bei unspezifischen lumbalen Rückenschmerzen in der Hausarztpraxis sind spärlich. Methode: Retrospektive Überprüfung der Indikation gemäss «Smarter Medicine» für 228 konventionelle Röntgenaufnahmen der lumbalen Wirbelsäule (LWS) aus drei Hausarztpraxen mit insgesamt 15 Ärztinnen und Ärzten. Ergebnisse: Insgesamt entsprachen 75 % der innerhalb von sechs Wochen nach Schmerzbeginn durchgeführten Untersuchungen den Empfehlungen von «Smarter Medicine». Unbefriedigende Schmerzverbesserung trotz Analgetika und/oder Physiotherapie war der häufigste Grund für nicht-indizierte (in 36,6 %), «Red Flags» [Trauma (33,3 %), Malignität (19,5 %), Osteoporose (14,9 %)] für indizierte (in 64,4 %) Untersuchungen. Pro zehn Altersjahre sank die Wahrscheinlichkeit für ein nicht-indiziertes Röntgenbild um 20 % (p = 0,003). Schlussfolgerung: Drei von vier konventionellen Röntgenaufnahmen der LWS wurden in den drei Hausarztpraxen gemäss der Empfehlung von «Smarter Medicine» durchgeführt. Die weitere Förderung von «Smarter Medicine» ist entscheidend, um unnötige diagnostische oder therapeutische Eingriffe zu vermeiden und Kosten zu sparen.
«中国制造新纪元下的新医生» -本地培训༌全球一流。 当«非中国制造»是一种竞争劣势。 简称«中国培养的医生»-受过本地培训༌在全球范围内都非常出色。
Authors: Biskup Ewelina , Li Feng , Dong Shixian , Wo Yan
Published: April 2020

摘要: 下一代’中国制造的医生’就是我们认为的具有全球卓越水平的医生。目前在充满挑战和快节奏的中国环境下༌与国际顶尖机构的各种密切合作加强了中国的医学教育1。中国政府以及各大学锲而不舍地践行世界各地的最佳教育。尽管如此༌中国本土扎实的༌不可动摇的教育基础仍得到保留并充实。适应性、专才性和合法性仍然是这一发展的关键组成部分。没有单一的教条主义༌能力的培养和才能的体现仍然是教育核心和永恒的价值观。
Why Sunlight Matters for Marine Oil Spills
Authors: Ward Collin , Reddy Christopher , Overton Edward
Published: April 2020

A decade of research since the Deepwater Horizon disaster has revealed how sunlight—its importance long understated in oil spill science—substantially alters petroleum floating at the sea surface.
The Surface Expression of Deep Columnar Flows
Authors: Holdenried‐Chernoff D. , Maffei S. , Jackson A.
Published: April 2020

Studies of the Earth's secular variation have blossomed in recent decades, due to the availability of brand‐new satellite data. In particular, flow inversions at the core surface that incorporate the effects of rapid rotation a priori have been able to provide new insight into flows with time scales as short as a few years. These models have been mostly developed in a cylindrical representation, while core inversion methods are based on a spherical surface representation of the flow. This technical brief links band‐limited expressions for the flow coefficients in a cylindrical representation and those in a spherical surface representation and demonstrates that these also remain band limited, with equal degrees of freedom. Correct regularity conditions on the stream function ensure a regular representation of these flows on the spherical surface. A triangular truncation rule for the cylindrical representation that is applicable for “isotropic resolution” is also presented. The equations we derive will be of use in future data‐assimilation work employing this cylindrical flow representation and may prove helpful for conventional core‐inversion strategies.
Evaluation of ductal carcinoma in situ grade via triple-modal molecular imaging of B7-H3 expression
Authors: Bachawal Sunitha , Bean Gregory R. , Krings Gregor , Wilson Katheryne E.
Published: April 2020

Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) will account for 62,930 cases of breast cancer in 2019. DCIS is a pre-invasive lesion which may not progress to invasive carcinoma, yet surgery remains the mainstay treatment. Molecular imaging of a specific marker for DCIS grade for detection and active surveillance are critically needed to reduce potential overtreatment. First, breast cancer marker B7-H3 (CD276) expression was evaluated by immunohistochemical staining in 123 human specimens including benign epithelium (H-score 10.0 ± 8.2) and low (20.8 ± 17.7), intermediate (87.1 ± 69.5), and high (159.1 ± 87.6) grade DCIS, showing a positive association with DCIS nuclear grade (P < 0.001, AUC 0.96). Next, a murine DCIS model was combined with ultrasound molecular imaging of B7-H3 targeted microbubbles to differentiate normal glands from those harboring DCIS (n = 100, FVB/N-Tg(MMTVPyMT)634Mul, AUC 0.89). Finally, photoacoustic and fluorescence molecular imaging with an anti-B7-H3 antibody-indocyanine green conjugate were utilized for DCIS detection (n = 53). Molecular imaging of B7-H3 expression may allow for active surveillance of DCIS.
Noise and detectivity limits in organic shortwave infrared photodiodes with low disorder
Authors: Wu Zhenghui , Li Ning , Eedugurala Naresh , Azoulay Jason D. , Leem Dong-Seok , Ng Tse Nga
Published: April 2020

To achieve high detectivity in infrared detectors, it is critical to reduce the device noise. However, for non-crystalline semiconductors, an essential framework is missing to understand and predict the effects of disorder on the dark current. This report presents experimental and modeling studies on the noise current in exemplar organic bulk heterojunction photodiodes, with 10 donor–acceptor combinations spanning wavelength between 800 and 1600 nm. A significant reduction of the noise and higher detectivity were found in devices using non-fullerene acceptors (NFAs) in comparison to those using fullerene derivatives. The low noise in NFA blends was attributed to a sharp drop off in the distribution of bandtail states, as revealed by variable-temperature density-of-states measurements. Taking disorder into account, we developed a general physical model to explain the dependence of thermal noise on the effective bandgap and bandtail spread. The model provides theoretical targets for the maximum detectivity that can be obtained at different detection wavelengths in inherently disordered infrared photodiodes.
Reference exome data for Australian Aboriginal populations to support health-based research
Authors: Weeks Alexia L. , D’Antoine Heather A. , McKinnon Melita , Syn Genevieve , Bessarab Dawn , Brown Ngiare , Tong Steven Y. C. , Reményi Bo , Steer Andrew , Gray Lesley-Ann , Inouye Michael , Carapetis Jonathan R. , Blackwell Jenefer M. , Lassmann Timo
Published: April 2020

Whole exome sequencing (WES) is a popular and successful technology which is widely used in both research and clinical settings. However, there is a paucity of reference data for Aboriginal Australians to underpin the translation of health-based genomic research. Here we provide a catalogue of variants called after sequencing the exomes of 50 Aboriginal individuals from the Northern Territory (NT) of Australia and compare these to 72 previously published exomes from a Western Australian (WA) population of Martu origin. Sequence data for both NT and WA samples were processed using an ‘intersect-then-combine’ (ITC) approach, using GATK and SAMtools to call variants. A total of 289,829 variants were identified in at least one individual in the NT cohort and 248,374 variants in at least one individual in the WA cohort. Of these, 166,719 variants were present in both cohorts, whilst 123,110 variants were private to the NT cohort and 81,655 were private to the WA cohort. Our data set provides a useful reference point for genomic studies on Aboriginal Australians.
The draft genome sequence of an upland wild rice species, Oryza granulata
Authors: Shi Cong , Li Wei , Zhang Qun-Jie , Zhang Yun , Tong Yan , Li Kui , Liu Yun-Long , Gao Li-Zhi
Published: April 2020

Exploiting novel gene sources from wild relatives has proven to be an efficient approach to advance crop genetic breeding efforts. Oryza granulata, with the GG genome type, occupies the basal position of the Oryza phylogeny and has the second largest genome (~882 Mb). As an upland wild rice species, it possesses renowned traits that distinguish it from other Oryza species, such as tolerance to shade and drought, immunity to bacterial blight and resistance to the brown planthopper. Here, we generated a 736.66-Mb genome assembly of O. granulata with 40,131 predicted protein-coding genes. With Hi-C data, for the first time, we anchored ~98.2% of the genome assembly to the twelve pseudo-chromosomes. This chromosome-length genome assembly of O. granulata will provide novel insights into rice genome evolution, enhance our efforts to search for new genes for future rice breeding programmes and facilitate the conservation of germplasm of this endangered wild rice species.
Author Correction: Biofilm formation by multidrug resistant Enterobacteriaceae strains isolated from solid organ transplant recipients
Authors: Ramos-Vivas José , Chapartegui-González Itziar , Fernández-Martínez Marta , González-Rico Claudia , Fortún Jesús , Escudero Rosa , Marco Francesc , Linares Laura , Montejo Miguel , Aranzamendi Maitane , Muñoz Patricia , Valerio Maricela , Aguado Jose María , Resino Elena , Ahufinger Irene Gracia , Vega Aurora Paz , Martínez-Martínez Luis , Fariñas María Carmen ,   The ENTHERE Study Group, the Group for Study of Infection in Transplantation of the Spanish Society of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology (GESITRA-SEIMC) and the Spanish Network for Research in Infectious Diseases (REIPI), Millán Juan Carlos Ruiz San , Rodrigo Emilio , Morencos Fernando Casafont , Fabrega Emilio , Cuadrado Antonio , Fariñas-Alvarez Concepción , Gozalo Mónica , de las Revillas Francisco Arnaíz , Dávila Pilar Martín , Martínez Adolfo , Garbajosa Patricia Ruíz , Moreno Asunción , Bodro Marta , Solano María Fernanda , Blanco María José , Nieto Javier , Machado Marina , Olmedo María , Fernández Sara Rodríguez , Sanz Cristina Rincón , Rangel Teresa Vicente , Bento Caroline Agnelli , Recalde Alicia Galar , Eworo Alia , Fernández-Lomana Fernando Anaya , Rodríguez-Ferrero María Luisa , Cámara Luis Alberto Sánchez , Chaves Fernando , de la Torre Cisneros Julián
Published: April 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Risk Factors for Corneal Endothelial Cell Loss in Patients with Pseudoexfoliation Syndrome
Authors: Aoki Takanori , Kitazawa Koji , Inatomi Tsutomu , Kusada Natsuki , Horiuchi Noriko , Takeda Kazunori , Yokoi Norihiko , Kinoshita Shigeru , Sotozono Chie
Published: April 2020

This study investigated corneal endothelial cell density (ECD) in pseudoexfoliation (PEX) syndrome patients and evaluated the clinical factors associated with ECD for 51 eyes of 41 phakic patients with pseudoexfoliation (PEX group) and 201 eyes of 117 patients with age-related cataracts (control group) as an age-matched control to the PEX group. Variable clinical factors, including ECD, central corneal thickness (CCT), anterior chamber depth (ACD), number of anti-glaucoma eye drops and severity of PEX, were examined using multivariate analyses. Severity of PEX was as follows: Mild in 28 eyes, Moderate in 16 eyes, and Severe in 7 eyes. The mean ECD was 2,548 ± 409 cells/mm2 in the PEX group and 2,757 ± 282 cells/mm2 in the control group, respectively, and ECD in the PEX group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P = 0.02). Multivariate analyses revealed that the severity of PEX [−176.8, 95% confidence interval (CI) (−244.5, −109.2), P < 0.01] was significantly associated with lower ECD. Accumulation of PEX materials contributed to early corneal endothelial decompensation.
Hyperglycemia and advanced glycation end products disrupt BBB and promote occludin and claudin-5 protein secretion on extracellular microvesicles
Authors: Rom Slava , Heldt Nathan A. , Gajghate Sachin , Seliga Alecia , Reichenbach Nancy L. , Persidsky Yuri
Published: April 2020

Cognitive impairment is a well-known complication of diabetes mellitus (DM). Microvascular compromise was described one DM complication. Recently we showed blood brain barrier (BBB) permeability and memory loss are associated with diminution of tight junctions (TJ) in brain endothelium and pericyte coverage and inflammation in cerebral microvessels and brain tissue paralleling hyperglycemia in mice of both DM types. The current study demonstrates that exposure of brain microvessels to hyperglycemic conditions or advanced glycation end products (AGEs) ex vivo resulted in significant abnormalities in membranous distribution of TJ proteins. We found significant increase in the amount of extracellular vesicles (EVs) isolated from DM mice and enhanced presence of TJ proteins, occludin and claudin-5, on EVs. Exposure of BMVECs to high glucose and AGEs led to significant augmentation of ICAM and VCAM expression, elevated leukocyte adhesion to and migration across BMVEC monolayers, and increased BBB permeability in vitro. Pericytes exposed to hyperglycemia and AGEs displayed diminished expression of integrin α1, PDGF-R1β and connexin-43. Our findings indicate BBB compromise in DM ex vivo, in vitro and in vivo models in association with BMVEC/pericyte dysfunction and inflammation. Prevention of BBB injury may be a new therapeutic approach to avert cognitive demise in DM.
Role of GPRC6A in Regulating Hepatic Energy Metabolism in Mice
Authors: Pi Min , Xu Fuyi , Ye Ruisong , Nishimoto Satoru K. , Williams Robert W. , Lu Lu , Darryl Quarles L.
Published: April 2020

GPRC6A is a widely expressed G-protein coupled receptor that regulates energy metabolism. Global deletion of Gprc6a in mice is reported to result in a metabolic syndrome-like phenotype and conditional deletion of Gprc6a in pancreatic β-cell and skeletal muscle respectively impair insulin secretion and glucose uptake. In the current study, we explore the hepatic functions of GPRC6A by conditionally deleting Gprc6a in hepatocytes by cross breeding Alb-Cre and Gprc6aflox/flox mice to obtain Gprc6aLiver-cko mice. Gprc6aLiver-cko mice on a normal diet showed excessive hepatic fat accumulation and glycogen depletion. These mice also exhibit impaired glucose and pyruvate tolerance, but normal insulin sensitivity. Decreased circulating FGF-21 levels and FGF-21 message expression in the liver were found in Gprc6aLiver-cko mice. Hepatic transcriptome analysis identified alterations in multiple pathways regulating glucose, fat and glycogen metabolism in Gprc6aLiver-cko mice. Taken together, our studies suggest that GPRC6A directly regulates hepatic metabolism as well as regulates the production and release of FGF-21 to control systemic energy homeostasis. GPRC6A’s unique regulation of β-cell, skeletal muscle and hepatic function may represent a new therapeutic target for treating disordered energy metabolism metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes.
ProteoViz: a tool for the analysis and interactive visualization of phosphoproteomics data
Authors: Storey Aaron J. , Naceanceno Kevin S. , Lan Renny S. , Washam Charity L. , Orr Lisa M. , Mackintosh Samuel G. , Tackett Alan J. , Edmondson Rick D. , Wang Zhengyu , Li Hong-yu , Frett Brendan , Kendrick Samantha , Byrum Stephanie D.
Published: April 2020

Quantitative proteomics generates large datasets with increasing depth and quantitative information.
Amide and ester derivatives of chlorido[4-carboxy-1,2-disalicylideneaminobenzene]iron(iii) as necroptosis and ferroptosis inducers
Authors: Baecker Daniel , Ma Benjamin N. , Sagasser Jessica , Schultz Lukas , Hörschläger Carina , Weinreich Maria , Steiner Lucy , Kircher Brigitte , Gust Ronald
Published: April 2020

Amide and ester derivatives of chlorido[4-carboxy-1,2-disalicylideneaminobenzene]iron(iii) were synthesized and characterized as necroptosis and ferroptosis inducers using the acute myeloid leukemia cell line HL-60.
Self-assembled gold nanoparticles and amphiphile peptides: a colorimetric probe for copper(ii) ion detection
Authors: Pelin Juliane N. B. D. , Edwards-Gayle Charlotte J. C. , Martinho Herculano , Gerbelli Barbara B. , Castelletto Valeria , Hamley Ian W. , Alves Wendel A.
Published: April 2020

We show that arginine/phenylalanine based peptides can be used to control the aggregation of gold nanoparticles in different ways. The arrangement provides a colorimetric approach to detect Cu2+ ions in water.
Degradation of organics with simultaneous recovery of silver in a simple visible-light responsive dual photoelectrode photocatalytic fuel cell
Authors: Zhao Xu , Li Xia , Wang Yan , Lin Jia , Liu Jie , Shao Huixin
Published: April 2020

A self-biasing photoelectrocatalytic system responsive to visible light was built for simultaneous silver recovery and phenol degradation.
Factors associated with elevated levels of antibiotic resistance genes in sewer sediments and wastewater
Authors: Eramo Alessia , Morales Medina William R. , Fahrenfeld N. L.
Published: April 2020

The sewer environment is a potential hotspot for the proliferation of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and other hazardous microbial agents.
Within-species variation in OMV cargo proteins: theMyxococcus xanthusOMV pan-proteome
Authors: Zwarycz Allison S. , Livingstone Paul G. , Whitworth David E.
Published: April 2020

Strains ofMyxococcus xanthuspackage outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) with a personalised subset of proteins, dictated only partially by the presence/absence of encoding genes within the genome.
Correction: Unraveling the effects of linker substitution on structural, electronic and optical properties of amorphous zeolitic imidazolate frameworks-62 (a-ZIF-62) glasses: a DFT study
Authors: Xiong Mo , Zhao Xiujian , Yin Guanchao , Ching Wai-Yim , Li Neng
Published: April 2020

Correction for ‘Unraveling the effects of linker substitution on structural, electronic and optical properties of amorphous zeolitic imidazolate frameworks-62 (a-ZIF-62) glasses: a DFT study’ by Mo Xiong et al., RSC Adv., 2020, 10, 14013–14024, DOI: 10.1039/C9RA09977H.
Human video database for facial feature detection under spectacles with varying alertness levels: a baseline study
Authors: Gupta Supratim , Zefree Lazarus Mayaluri , Panda Nidhi
Published: April 2020

The pressing demand for workload along with social media interaction leads to diminished alertness during work hours. Researchers attempted to measure alertness level from various cues like EEG, EOG, video‐based eye movement analysis, etc. Among these, video‐based eyelid and iris motion tracking gained much attention in recent years. However, most of these implementations are tested on video data of subjects without spectacles. These videos do not pose a challenge for eye detection and tracking. In this work, the authors have designed an experiment to yield a video database of 58 human subjects wearing spectacles and are at different levels of alertness. Along with spectacles, they introduced variation in session, recording frame rate (fps), illumination, and time of the experiment. They carried out an analysis to detect the reliableness of facial and ocular features like yawning and eye‐blinks in the context of alertness level detection capability. Also, they observe the influence of spectacles on ocular feature detection performance under spectacles and propose a simple preprocessing step to alleviate the specular reflection problem. Extensive experiments on real‐world images demonstrate that the authors’ approach achieves desirable reflection suppression results within minimum execution time compared to the state‐of‐the‐art.
Estimating the nonstructural component of the helioseismic surface term using hydrodynamic simulations
Authors: Schou J. , Birch A. C.
Published: April 2020

Context.As the amount of asteroseismic data available continues to grow, the inability to accurately model observed oscillation frequencies is becoming a critical problem for interpreting these frequencies. A major component of this problem is the modeling of the near-surface layers.

Aims.Our aim is to develop a method to estimate the effect of the near-surface layers on oscillation frequencies.

Methods.In the proposed method we numerically estimate eigenfunctions in 3D hydrodynamic simulations. We match those to the eigenfunctions calculated from the classic equations applied to the horizontal averages of the structure variables. We use this procedure to calculate the frequency perturbation resulting from the dynamical part of the interaction of the oscillations with near-surface convection. As the last step we scale the numbers to the Sun. To provide a qualitative test of our method we performed a series of simulations, calculated the perturbations using our procedure, and compared them to previously reported residuals relative to solar models.

Results.We find that we can largely reproduce the observed frequency residuals without resorting to poorly justified theoretical models. We find that, while the calculations of Houdek et al. (2017, MNRAS, 464, L124) produce similar frequency perturbations, the density-pressure phase differences computed here do not match those of that work.
All-dielectric photoconductive metasurfaces for terahertz applications
Authors: Mitrofanov Oleg , Brener Igal
Published: April 2020

We review applications of all-dielectric metasurfaces for one of the cornerstone technologies in THz research – ultrafast photoconductive (PC) switches – which are widely used as sources and detectors of broadband THz pulses. Nanostructuring the PC switch channel as a perfectly-absorbing and optically thin PC metasurface allows us to engineer the optical as well as the electronic properties of the channel and improve the efficiency of THz detectors. This approach also opens new routes for employing novel PC materials and enabling new device architectures including THz detector arrays.
The Impact of Enterprise Risk on Firms’ Performance: An Empirical Analysis of Indonesia’s Public Listed Banking Firms
Authors: Malelak Mariana Ing , Pryscillia Fiany
Published: April 2020

This paper examines the influential factors of potential adoption of Enterprise Risk Management (ERM) and the impact of ERM adoption on the public listed banking firms’ performances in Indonesia during 2009 to 2017. This research uses logistic regression to test four potential factors as the driving forces behind the potential adoption of ERM and linear regression to test the impact of ERM on firms’ performances. The result suggests that firms with greater size, having more institutional ownership, and being part of Multinational companies are more likely to adopt ERM, while the implementation of ERM has no significant impact on the firms’ performance. Little empirical research has been conducted on the topic, especially in developing economies like Indonesia. This study will broaden the scope of literature by providing novel empirical evidence.
Personal Motivational Factors to Aligning Innovation Culture: Evidence on Trenggalek, East Java, Indonesia
Authors: Moeljadi Moeljadi , Sri Supriyati Triningsih , Octa Yuniarsa Sherlinda
Published: April 2020

Society of Trenggalek has a team, strength, and excellent entrepreneurial support by personal motivational. Many different teams format have been used in good organization for short-term and long-term condition. To gain benefits, teams must be successful embedded within the organization. It must carefully and systematic development, management, and alignment for teams. Because it means for individual engagement and team performance to growth up like batik, food, and others. An success of processed by products from the beginning to be able to trade and through offline and online. In addition, good organizations also give rise to good agreement and also to make joint decisions. This study are used qualitative methods with surveys and interviews. The results of this study proved that this research involved an important role in fostering the awareness of societies for development and independence, through industrial development which gave rise to the best entrepreneurs. So, a value of empowered cross-functional teams to drive such programs has not been lost to the majority of government in Trenggalek like culture.
The Meaning of Work among Millennial: A Phenomenological Study
Authors: Prasasti Peranginangin , Denni Boy Saragih
Published: April 2020

Some studies show that spirituality and productivity are closely related to the workplace. Three main components in the spirituality of work are the meaning of work, the relationship with fellow-worker and the cultural values of the organization. This phenomenological study focuses on the meaning of work among millennials. As an exploratory study, using phenomenological analysis, it found that millennials give meaning to work based on three important factors, namely, its individual meaningfulness, the fairness of treatment, and the balance between reward and level of work-demand. Millennial does not make income and personal development as their primary considerations but rather a more spiritual side of work visà-vis meaning and support one finds in the office. This exploratory study suggests some important ramifications for dealing with millennials in the work place.
Problems of Modeling the Relationship of Family Related Groups and the State in Political Rent-Seeking Society
Authors: Burganov Rais , Dolonina Elena , Burganova Zulfia
Published: April 2020

The search for political rent is an essential attribute of the coexistence of the interests of family-related groups and the state. A civilized solution to problems in this area has not been fully developed, even in the developed countries of the world. In the media, materials on clan approaches to the distribution of the country's resources are regularly thrown up, which increases tension in human society and uncertainties in future development. In order to take proactive measures, it is necessary to model the state and prospects of the relationship of family-related groups and the state. The paper discusses some approaches to modeling the relationship of family-related groups and the state in political rent-seeking societ. The research methodology uses data from a survey of student youth, which is divided into three groups: students' perceptions of the current political and economic atmosphere of society, assessment of opportunities for access to political rent through family-related ties, assessment of measures for state regulation of the process of obtaining political rent by representatives of family-related groups society. According to the author, in the political life of society, institutions should be created to regulate the behavior of family-related groups in the implementation of political rents.
Entrepreneurial Spirit Among University Students in Indonesia
Authors: Indriyani Ratih , Cindy Darmawan Regina , Gougui Ayoub
Published: April 2020

The current era of globalization is driving a lot of competition. Competition is increasing, but it is not balanced with available job openings and causes educated unemployment to increase. Educated unemployment is increasing and encouraging people to try professions to become entrepreneurs. Based on previous research, entrepreneurial creativity has an effect on entrepreneurial spirit and entrepreneurial mindset on entrepreneurial spirit. The entrepreneurial creativity has an effect on entrepreneurial spirit, on the other side entrepreneurial mindset has an effect on entrepreneurial spirit. Research conducted emphasizes the impact of entrepreneurial creativity and entrepreneurial mindset on entrepreneurial spirit among undergraduate students in Surabaya. This research takes data. This data is taken from a private university in surabaya with management study program A accreditation with a total of seven private universities. Data obtained from distributed questionnaires 149 and returned 130 respondend with Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS). The results showed that entrepreneurial creativity had a positive and significant effect on entrepreneurial spirit and entrepreneurial mindset had a positive and significant effect on entrepreneurial spirit. This research can be developed by adding entrepreneurial education, innovation, and career choice variables. This research can be applied to undergraduate student in Indonesia that have management study programs.
Earnings Management Through Foreign Currency Transactions on Companies Listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange
Authors: Jogi Christiawan Yulius , Narsa I Made
Published: April 2020

This research aims to examine whether the condition of Rupiah currency, the magnitude of monetary liabilities in foreign currencies, and the condition of operating profit affects the management’s aggressiveness to perform earnings management through foreign exchange gain or loss (FEGL) post. This research was conducted on 258 companies listed on the BEI in 2009 to 2015. This research was successfully proved on earnings management through foreign currency transactions phenomenon for several conditions. First, in the condition of Rupiah appreciation, the managers that have monetary liabilities in foreign currency are less than the monetary assets in foreign currency are more daring to make earnings management through FEGL post than companies that have monetary liabilities in foreign currency greater than monetary assets in foreign currency. Second, managers of companies that decreasing in operating profit, more daring to make earnings management through FEGL post than companies that experience an increase in operating profit. Under the depreciation of the Rupiah, the managers of companies with monetary liabilities in foreign currency are less than monetary assets in foreign currency, are more aggressive to perform earnings than the managers of companies who have monetary liabilities denominated in foreign currency greater than the monetary assets in foreign currency.
Lageabhängige Dyspnoe und Lippenzyanose im Rahmen der täglichen Visite – Platypnoe-Orthodeoxie Syndrom
Authors: Dopp Henning , Kröll Markus , Meissner Axel
Published: April 2020

Anamnese und klinischer Befund Wir berichten über einen 79-jährigen Patienten, der während der Visite durch lageabhängige Dyspnoe und Lippenzyanose auffiel.

Untersuchungen In liegender Position bestand eine normale Sauerstoffsättigung von > 95 %, welche in aufrechter Position reproduzierbar auf SpO2-Werte von 76–85 % abfiel. Echokardiografisch konnte ein großes persistierendes Foramen ovale (PFO) mit spontanem Rechts-Links-Shunt nachgewiesen werden. Nebenbefundlich fiel ein Aneurysma der thorakalen Aorta auf.

Diagnose Aufgrund der typischen Befundkonstellation aus lageabhängiger Dyspnoe und Sauerstoffsättigungsabfall bei persistierendem Foramen ovale und begleitendem Aortenaneurysma stellten wir die Diagnose eines Platypnoe-Orthodeoxie-Syndroms.

Therapie und Verlauf Nach perkutanem PFO-Verschluss war der Patient beschwerdefrei und die Sauerstoffsättigung blieb lageunabhängig bei > 95 %. Ein relevanter Rechts-Links-Shunt ließ sich echokardiografisch nicht mehr nachweisen.

Folgerung Die Kombination aus lageabhängiger Dyspnoe und objektivierbarem Sauerstoffsättigungsabfall sollte immer an ein mögliches Platypnoe-Orthodeoxie-Syndrom denken lassen. Hierbei sind die ursächlichen Befundkonstellationen vielfaltig und nicht nur kardiologischer Genese.
Vasorelaxing Activity of Stilbenoid and Phenanthrene Derivatives from Brasiliorchis porphyrostele: Involvement of Smooth Muscle CaV1.2 Channels
Authors: Waratchareeyakul Watcharee , Fusi Fabio , Durante Miriam , Ahmed Amer , Knirsch Walter , Mas-Claret Eduard , Mulholland Dulcie A.
Published: April 2020

Five compounds, 3,4′-dihydroxy-3′,5,5′-trimethoxydihydrostilbene, 1; 3,4′-ihydroxy-3′,5′-dimethoxydihydrostilbene, 2; 3,4′-dihydroxy-5,5′-dimethoxydihydrostilbene, 3; 9,10-dihydro-2,7-dihydroxy-4,6-dimethoxyphenanthrene, 4; and the previously unreported 1,2,6,7-tetrahydroxy-4-methoxyphenanthrene, 5 were isolated from the South American orchid, Brasiliorchis porphyrostele. An in-depth analysis of their vascular effects was performed on in vitro rat aorta rings and tail main artery myocytes. Compounds 1 – 4 were shown to possess vasorelaxant activity on rings pre-contracted by the α
1 receptor agonist phenylephrine, the CaV1.2 stimulator (S)-(−)-Bay K 8644, or depolarized with high K+ concentrations. However, compound 5 was active solely on rings stimulated by 25 mM but not 60 mM K+. The spasmolytic activity of compounds 1 and 4 was significantly affected by the presence of an intact endothelium. The KATP channel blocker glibenclamide and the KV channel blocker 4-aminopyridine significantly antagonized the vasorelaxant activity of compounds 4 and 1, respectively. In patch-clamp experiments, compounds 1 – 4 inhibited Ba2+ current through CaV1.2 channels in a concentration-dependent manner, whereas neither compound 4 nor compound 1 affected K+ currents through KATP and KV channels, respectively. The present in vitro, comprehensive study demonstrates that Brasiliorchis porphyrostele may represent a source of vasoactive agents potentially useful for the development of novel antihypertensive agents that has now to be validated in vivo in animal models of hypertension.
Umfrage der „Jungen HNO“ zur aktuellen Situation der Weiterbildung von HNO-Ärzten
Authors: Rauch Ann-Kathrin , Heuermann Katharina , Leffers David , Kriesche Franziska , Abrams Nils , Yilmaz Murat , Dahlem Kilian , Deitmer Thomas , Dietz Andreas , Möllenhoff Kathrin , Shabli Sami
Published: April 2020

Hintergrund Es wurden die Weiterbildungsassistenten im Fach HNO zur Situation der Weiterbildung und den Arbeitsbedingungen befragt. Die Weiterbildung ist der Schlüssel zur Ausbildung des Nachwuchses im Fachbereich.

Methoden Vom 25.04.–01.08.2019 wurden alle 691 bei der Deutschen Gesellschaft für HNO-Heilkunde, Kopf- und Halschirurgie (DGHNO-KHC) registrierten Ärzte in Weiterbildung in der HNO zur anonymen Teilnahme an einer Online-Umfrage mittels SurveyMonkey® zur Situation der Weiterbildung in der HNO und den Arbeitsbedingungen eingeladen. 25 von 80 Fragen wurden zu dem Themenfeld Weiterbildungsstruktur und -qualität gestellt.

Ergebnisse Die Rücklaufquote betrug 36 % (n = 249). Die Teilnehmer attestierten ihrer Weiterbildung ein durchschnittliches Ergebnis. Hauptsächlich sehen sie Defizite in der Weiter- und Ausbildungsstruktur und -kultur mit Wunsch nach verbessertem Feedback und verbesserter operativer Ausbildung. Mit fortgeschrittener Weiterbildungszeit waren die Teilnehmer unzufriedener, unabhängig von Trägerschaft und Versorgungstyp.

Schlussfolgerungen Die Befragung der Weiterbildungsassistenten regt konkrete Verbesserungen der HNO-ärztlichen Weiterbildung an. Hierbei werden vorrangig die Zusammenarbeit mit der Fachgesellschaft zur Weiterentwicklung der Aus- und Fortbildungsstruktur, strukturiertes Feedback und Supervision, transparente Rotationspläne und verlässliche Arbeitsbedingungen genannt.
Safety and Technical Success of CT-Guided Bone Marrow Biopsy in Obese Patients
Authors: Manchec Barbara , Limback Joseph , Liu Bo , Pepe Julie W , Burt Jeremy , Contreras Francisco , Ward Thomas J.
Published: April 2020

Purpose Obesity can make bone marrow biopsy using manual landmarks as guidance technically challenging. This retrospective review was performed to assess the safety and technical success of performing bone marrow biopsies with computed tomography (CT)–guidance in obese patients.

Materials and Methods This single-institution, retrospective study included 1,016 CT-guided bone marrow biopsies performed between 2009 and 2016. Thirty-four percent (n = 348) were performed in patients with a body mass index (BMI) of 30 kg/m2 or greater, and 7% (n = 75) were performed in patients with a BMI greater than 40 kg/m2. Demographic information, BMI, and complications were reviewed. The primary endpoint was technical success and procedurally related hemorrhagic complication. The electronic medical record was reviewed to identify procedural related hemorrhagic complications, Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) Grade 3 or above. The complication rates in obese patients were compared with patients with a BMI less than 30 kg/m2.

Results Biopsy was successfully performed in all patients. No biopsies resulted in a CTCAE Grade 3 or above complication. There was no difference in complication rate (0%) based on BMI. For patients with a BMI < 30 kg/m2, BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2, and BMI > 40 kg/m2, complications rates were 0% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0–0.4%), 0% (95% CI: 0–0.9%), and 0% (95% CI: 0–4%), respectively.

Conclusions CT-guided bone marrow biopsy in obese patients can be performed with a high rate of technical success and is safe. If patient body habitus limits the ability to palpate physical landmarks needed to perform bone marrow biopsy without image guidance, CT-guided bone marrow biopsy should be considered.
AN UNUSUAL PRESENTATION OF LANGERHANS CELL HISTIOCYTOSIS
Authors: K. Jayaprakash Shetty , Kumar Ajith , Shetty Shantharam , L. Kishan Prasad H. , Rao Chandrika
Published: April 2020

Langerhans cell histiocytosis most commonly occurring in children, demonstrates a broad spectrum of clinical and radiologic features that may mimic those of infection as well as benign and malignant tumors. Osseous involvement is the most common manifestation. Recognition of the skeletal alterations is important so that the disease is considered as differential diagnosis. This disease is of unknown aetiology, non-specific clinical and imaging findings with diagnosis possible only on histopathological examination, will always pose a diagnostic challenge to the orthopaedic surgeon. Here by we are reporting two cases of eosinophilic granuloma that has presented with lytic lesion in the tibia and scapula. The clinico-radiological suspicion was either infection or tumour of the affected bones. Hence, core biopsy was done confirmed as eosinophilic granuloma on histopathology and immunohistochemistry.
A SYSTEMATIC EVALUATION OF RAPID DOT-EIA, BLOOD CULTURE AND WIDAL TEST IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF TYPHOID FEVER
Authors: Sanjeev H. , Nayak Sweetha , B. Pai Asha K. , Rekha Rai , Karnaker Vimal , R. Ganesh H.
Published: April 2020

Background: Typhoid fever, caused by Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi, is endemic in the Indian sub-continent including Bangladesh, South-east and Far-east Asia, Africa and South Central America. The disease can occur in all age group with highest incidence among children. Blood culture is regarded as the gold standard for diagnosis and carry 70-75% diagnostic yield in the first week of illness. However, this requires laboratory equipment and technical training that are beyond the means of most primary health care facilities in the developing world. Typhidot is a rapid dot-enzyme immune assay (EIA), which detects IgG and IgM antibodies to a specific 50 kD outer membrane protein (OMP) antigen of Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi. Typhidot becomes positive as early as in the first week of fever. The results can be visually interpreted and is available within one hour.

Materials and method: Fifty blood samples, collected aseptically from patients clinically diagnosed of Typhoid fever, were evaluated by blood culture, Widal test and Typhidot.

Results: Of the 50 patients, 33 (66%) were positive by blood culture. Widal test was positive in 33(66%) patients which included 26 in blood culture positive patients and 7 in blood culture negative patients. Typhidot was positive in 37 (74%) patients. Thus, in comparison to the gold standard test i:e blood culture, Typhidot and Widal test had sensitivity and specificity of 100% & 76% and 78.78% & 58.82% respectively.

Conclusion: Typhidot is found to have high sensitivity and good specificity and could be applied as a good alternate in resource poor nation. Further, it is simple to perform, reliable when compared to Widal test, and rapid, with results being available in one hour when compared to 48 hours for blood culture and 18 hours for Widal test.
ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF NARDOSTACHYS JATAMANSI POTENTIATES HAEMATOPOIETIC SYSTEM IN ALBINO WISTAR RATS
Authors: M. Damodara Gowda K. , Shetty Lathika , P. Krishna A. , N. Suchetha Kumari , Sanjeev Ganesh , P. Naveen , V. Sharada
Published: April 2020

Background and Objective: The consumption of a variety of local herbs and vegetables by man contributes significantly to the improvement of human health in terms of prevention, and/or cure of diseases because plants have long served as a useful and natural source of therapeutic agents. The present study aims at investigating the hematopoietic effect of Nardostachys jatamansi extract (NJE) in albino wistar rats.

Materials and Methods: Twenty four male albino wistar rats were used and divided into 4 groups of 6 animals each. The Group I served as a normal control. The animals of Group II, III and IV were administered orally with aqueous suspension of NJE at the dosage of 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg body weight for 15 consecutive days respectively. Then blood was Blood was collected and used for the estimation of Peripheral blood counts (RBC, WBC), haemoglobin, thrombocyte count and Hematocrit was determined at day 0.25 (6 hrs), 0.5 (12 hrs), 1, 2, 5, 10, and 15 days of treatment using automated haematology analyzer. Body weight was also recorded regularly. Statistical Analysis was done by one way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni post hoc test for multiple comparisons using SPSS-16. P value less than 0.05 was considered the level of significance.

Results: All the parameters have shown a significant increase (p = 0.000) in experimental animals except body weight which was increased insignificantly.

Conclusion: Nardostachys jatamansi extract can be attributed to stimulating or protecting hematopoiesis.
UNILATERAL RECTUS STERNALIS MUSCLE: A CASE REPORT.
Authors: K. Vishal , K. Kavitha , V. Vinay K. , Y. Raghavendra A.
Published: April 2020

The Rectus Sternalis muscle is a small supernumerary muscle occasionally present in the anterior thoracic wall. During routine dissection for undergraduate medical students we observed a unilateral left sided rectus sternalis present on the anterior thoracic wall.The knowledge about this variation is very useful for morphologists and anatomists. The presence of this muscle may be mistaken by surgeons, radiologists and physicians for tumor on mammogram or during mastectomy which may increase unnecessary burden on their patients.
Image Guided Percutaneous Cholecystostomy–A Single Center Experience
Authors: Narayanan Sathya , Keshava Shyamkumar N. , Moses Vinu , Ahmed Munawwar , Padmanabhan Aswin , Joseph Philip
Published: April 2020

Purpose To assess the technical feasibility of percutaneous cholecystostomy (PCC) for acute cholecystitis and formulate an algorithm for PCC.

Materials and methods This is a retrospective study of 35 patients (28 male and 7 female; mean age 60 years) who underwent image-guided PCC from 2008 to 2018 at a tertiary care hospital in South India. Descriptive summary statistics and frequencies were used to assess the technical success and complications.

Results The patients (35/35) presented with fever, abdominal pain, and a few of them had severe sepsis. All these patients were high risk for surgery considering the comorbidities (17/35) and hemodynamic instability (18/35). PCC was performed under ultrasoundguidance, through transhepatic approach, and using single puncture and modified single puncture techniques. The procedure was technically successful in all 35 patients (100%). Two patients (2/35) did not improve clinically after PCC; hence, they were taken up for emergency cholecystectomy with high-risk consent. One patient required a repeat procedure after 3 days due to tube dislodgement. There were no major procedure-related complications.

Conclusion Image-guided PCC can be performed safely and is effective for treating high-risk patients with acute cholecystitis.