bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Correlation of Coagulopathy of Trauma and Revised Trauma Score in Predicting Outcome in Trauma Patients
Authors: Thakur DK , Sharma MR , Lohani I
Published: July 2024

Background: Trauma is a major worldwide public health problem. It is one of the leading causes of death and disability in both industrialized and developing countries. Coagulopathy is present immediately at admission in 25% of trauma patients and is associated with a 5-fold increase in mortality. The Revised Trauma Score (RTS) is a physiological scoring system, with high inter-rater reliability and demonstrated accuracy in predicting death. The purpose of this study was to correlate coagulopathy of trauma and RTS in predicting outcome in trauma patients.
Methods: In this prospective study, 75 traumatic patients were studied over a period of one year (May 2010 to April 2011) in The Department of Surgery, Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal. Patients were evaluated on arrival in emergency room (ER) and data was collected on patients' demography, time from injury to arrival in ER, fluid administered before referral, vital signs, GCS and RTS was calculated.Coagulation profile was determined by measuring prothombin time(PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time(aPTT).
Results: Of 75 patients studied, 84% (63) were male and 16% (12) were female with 47%(35) in the 21-40 year age group. Road traffic accident was most common type of injury (60%) followed by fall from height (29%). The median time after injury was 8 hours and fluid administration before referral was 1000ml. Traumatic coagulopathy was present in 24%(18) of patients and mortality was 16% (12). Coagulopathy was significantly associated with time of presentation in ER following injury (P=0.01),GCS(P=0.012), SBP(P<0.001), respiratory rate(P=0.001), RTS(P<0.001),PT(P<0.001), aPTT(P<0.001). But there was no significant association of coagulopathy with amount of fluid received at scene (P=0.886) and age of the patient(P=0.617). There was negative linear correlation between RTS and PT (r =-.623) and aPTT (r=-.596).
Conclusion: There is clinically significant traumatic coagulopathy which correlates with RTS and it has effect on poor outcome in traumatic patients
Five Years Audit On Vaginal Hysterectomy for Utero Vaginal Prolapse
Authors: Shrestha R , Singh A , Pradhan B , Shrestha SD , Thapa A
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Hysterectomy is one of the most common surgeries performed in gynecology. It can be performed by vaginal and abdominal route. Only 10.0% of hysterectomies are done by vaginal route. Vaginal hysterectomy is associated with less febrile morbidity, less bleeding necessitating transfusion, shorter hospitalization and faster convalescence than abdominal hysterectomy.This is a study on outcomes of vaginal hysterectomy for uterovaginal prolapse at Patan Hospital over five years.
Methods: This was a retrospective descriptive study on vaginal hysterectomies for uterovaginal prolapsed done in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Patan Academy of Health Sciences over a period of 5 years (January 2010 to December 2014). After ethical clearance from Institutional review committee details of 50 vaginal hysterectomy performed during this period was obtained from medical record section of the hospital. Data were recorded in Microsoft excel 2010, frequency distribution and mean of relevant data was then calculated.
Results: This study included 50 cases of vaginal hysterectomy, the mean age of patient was 57.4 ±9.3 (range 40-74) years. All except one case was multiparous. 80% had home delivery and 20 % had hospital delivery. The mean duration of prolapse was9.41 ±2.68yrs (range 0.5 -44 yrs). 26 (52 %) cases had third degree uterovaginal Prolapse. There was no intraoperative complications but postoperative complication was seen in 9 cases. In all cases, histopathology findings were suggestive of chroniccervicitis.
Conclusions: Vaginal hysterectomy for utero vaginal prolapse is a safe surgery with less postoperative morbidity.
Decrease in Mean Platelet Volume after percutaneous transvenous mitral commissurotomy in patients with Rheumatic Mitral Stenosis
Authors: Thapa S , Shrestha A , Gajurel RM , Poudel CM , Shrestha H , Khanal R , Bhatta YD , Sayami A
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Rheumatic mitral stenosis (RMS) is associated with increased thromboembolic events, especially in the presence of concomitant atrial fibrillation. Mean platelet volume (MPV) is the marker of platelet activity as larger platelets are hemostatically active and have more propensity of thrombosis. It has also been reported that percutaneous transvenous mitral commissurotomy (PTMC) attenuates platelet activity. We aimed to investigate whether PTMC decreases MPV in patients with RMS.
Methods: In the present study, MPV was measured in 39 patients with RMS in sinus rhythm just before and one month after PTMC. Thirty four, sex and age-matched, apparently healthy controls were used for comparison. Mitral valve area (MVA), mean diastolic gradient across mitral valve (MDG) and pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP) were measured using transthoracic echocardiography and mean left atrial (LA) pressure measured during the procedure.
Results: As compared to apparently healthy controls, patients with RMS had higher MPV (11.51±1.46 v. 9.6+0.75l, p<0.001). All patients with RMS underwent successful PTMC. One month after the procedure, LA diameter, MVA, MDG, PASP and LA pressures were reduced significantly (p< 0.001). The final mean platelet volume measured in patients with RMS undergoing PTMC measured after one month also had significant reduction when compared with the initial mean MPV (11.51±1.46 vs 9.55 1.11 0.001).
Conclusions: As compared to apparently healthy controls, patients with RMS have higher MPV reflecting increased platelet activity, and PTMC is associated with a significant decrease in MPV one month after the procedure.
Acquisition of history taking, physical examination and communication skills through early clinical exposure among pre-clinical students
Authors: Khanal S , Bhusal M , Sigdel MR , Bajracharya SR
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Early Clinical Exposure (ECE) has been shown to be an effective method in teaching history-taking, physical examination and communication to pre-clinical students. Medical students in their preclinical years at IOM, MMC have been undergoing two year ECE course since 1978, but there is no provision of formative and summative assessment to check its effectiveness. This cross-sectional study was undertaken to fill this gap in evidence.
Methods: A 17-station Objective Structured Clinical Examination was administered to 17 pre-clinical students. Of the 17 stations, seven, six and four stations were designed to test their skills in history- taking, clinical-examination and communication domains respectively. Modified borderline regression method was used to calculate the pass-marks for each station. The pass-marks of all the stations were averaged to determine the pass-marks for the entire OSCE.
Results: One student passed the entire OSCE whereas four and eight students passed the history taking and communication skills domains; while none could pass the physical examination skills domain. Repeated measure one-way Analysis Of Variance (ANOVA) and post-hoc test using the Bonferroni correction showed that scores in history taking (M = 44.36, SD = 11.09) and communication skills (M= 44.40, SD = 12.12) were significantly better than in physical examination (M = 29.35, SD = 10.50), (p < 0.001 and p = 0.007, respectively).
Conclusions: Despite enormous teaching hours allocated to the ECE course, pre-clinical students’ performance in an OSCE did not meet the expectation of the curriculum suggesting that the ECE course at MMC, IOM is not fulfilling its objectives.
Epiglottal taste buds and different feeding habits of mammals
Authors: Shrestha R , Ranjit N
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Taste buds which occur on the laryngeal surface of epiglottis of mammals share many similarities with lingual taste buds, although their function is different. These taste buds mediate reflex action to close the laryngeal opening or initiate the cough reflex when food comes in contact with the posterior surface of the epiglottis.
Methods: Repeated microscopic studies were carried out on 6 μm serial haematoxylin and eosin stained sections of epiglottides of buffalo, guinea pig, house rat, human, lamb and rabbit. Quantitative investigation was carried out on the taste buds on the rostral, middle and caudal regions of the epiglottides of each of these mammals. Relative frequency of occurrence value for comparative assessment of taste buds is proposed here.
Results: The average number of taste buds was found higher in the herbivorous buffalo, goat and rabbit; while the number was lower in the omnivorous guinea pig, house rat and the human. The density of taste buds was found to be directly proportional to the feeding behaviour of mammals, showing their significant role in inducing reflexes for safe passage of bolus through the oesophagus and for prevention of the respiratory tract congestion.
Conclusion: Since the number of taste buds was found higher in the herbivorous mammals, it was concluded that the bigger the volume of the bolus the higher is the density of epiglottal taste buds. These taste buds are adapted to protect the respiratory passage during swallowing and drinking by initiating the reflex action.
Nutritional risk assessment in patient undergoing major gastrointestinal surgeries
Authors: Paudel P , Ghimire S , Rai S , Pradhan GBN , Shrestha S , Bhattachan C
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Malnutrition is prevalent in surgical patients in the range of 20-50%, depending on the population studied and method employed to determine nutritional status. Malnutrition is associated with adverse clinical outcomes, slow healing, increase in infection and longer hospital stay. There are several methods to assess the nutritional status of surgical patients. However, none has been universally accepted and there is no consensus on the best system. The Nutritional Risk Screening score (NRS 2002) was developed based on the presupposition that the severity of malnutrition indicates increased nutritional requirements and need for nutritional support. It has received approval from the European Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition for use in the hospital setting. It is easy to administer in daily clinical practice and offers satisfactory reliability and reproducibility. The aim of the present study was to identify nutritional risk in patients undergoing major gastrointestinal surgeries using NRS2002 and to determine possible associations with postoperative complications.
Methods: This is a prospective study carried out in department of surgery, Nepal Medical College and Teaching Hospital from 1st August 2016 to 30th July 2017. All the major gastrointestinal surgeries performed during this period were included. The nutritional assessment was done by BMI, Serum protein albumin and nutritional risk screening score (NRS 2002).
Results: Sixty three patients who underwent major gastrointestinal surgery were included in this study: Sixty percent patients (n - 38) were male, 68.8% had BMI within ideal range (18.5 - 25.9kg / m2), 71.4% (n=45) patients underwent elective surgery and 68.2% (n =43) had malignancy. A total of 44.4% (n =28) of the patients were classified as being "at nutritional risk" and 47.6% (n=30) had postoperative complications. The mean NRS score was significantly higher among the patients who had complications compared to those who did not have complication (3.7 ±1.2 vs 3 ± 1, p = 0.016). Low serum albumin, BMI and absolute lymphocyte count correlated with presence of nutritional risk assessed by NRS 2002 and complications.
Conclusions: NRS 2002 is simple and easy to apply in routine clinical practice for nutritional assessment. It correlates with postoperative complications. Serum albumin, BMI and absolute lymphocyte count are also simple tools for nutritional assessment of surgical patients and can be used in supplementation with NRS 2002 for better accuracy.
Stressful life events and coping strategies among patients with generalized anxiety disorders
Authors: Shrestha R
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Anxiety disorders are the most frequently occurring mental disorders resulting in psychological and physical problems. Coping is a healthy response to stress that helps in restoration to homeostasis. The aim was to identify gender and age difference on stressful life events and coping among patients with generalized anxiety disorder.
Methods: In the study, 60 subjects above 15 years of age were recruited from Psychiatric OPD of Tribhuvan University, Teaching Hospital. Subjects were assessed with Presumptive Stressful Life Events Scale and standard Coping Check List was used. Mean difference in stressful life events and coping strategy was compared by age and gender by using paired t-test. Pearson correlation coefficient was calculated for association between stressful life events and coping strategy.
Results: Female experienced significantly more stressful life events (SLE) than males (2.2±2.0). No age different in SLE was observed. Passive acceptance coping strategy was significantly higher among females than males (p=0.01). Passive coping strategy and problem focused coping strategy were most frequently adopted coping strategies.
Conclusion: Females with generalized anxiety disorder experienced more SLE than males. Coping strategies were most commonly associated with SLE among middle adults than young adults. Problem focused coping and passive acceptance coping were the mostly adopted coping strategy amongpatients with generalized anxiety disorder and were significantly correlated with males.
Graceful Retirement
Authors: Joshi S
Published: July 2024

N/A
Anticipating rotavirus vaccine introduction in the national immunization programme in Nepal
Authors: Gauchan P , Nakagomi T , Nakagomi O
Published: July 2024

N/A
Synchronous dual primary gastric and colon cancer- an uncommon entity
Authors: Pradhan S , Kharel A , Lakhey PJ , Singh KP
Published: July 2024

AbstractAbstract The incidence of multiple primary malignant neoplasms is said to increase with age and the occurrence of a second malignancy in a patient with a known malignant tumor are not uncommon. They are being encountered mainly because of an improvement in diagnostic techniques and prolonged survival of patients treated for malignancy. However this phenomenon is still considered to be rare. Herein, we present a case of synchronous gastric and ascending colon cancer treated in our centre
Strongyloides stercoralis hyperinfection syndrome in patient with non- proliferative glomerulopathy
Authors: Bhujel R , Yadav SK , Shrestha K , Sah R , Kattel H P , Shah NP , Sharma S , Parajuli K , Mishra SK , Sherchand JB
Published: July 2024

Strongyolides stercoralis commonly causes chronic, asymptomatic infection but can cause more disastrous type of infection in immunosuppressed patient. Out of many predisposing factors for Strongyloides hyperinfection, regular intake of corticosteroids is a major risk factor. We are presenting a case of Strongyloides hyperinfection syndrome in a 66 years old male patient, a known case of non-proliferative glomerulopathy, presented at Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, with swollen limbs, anemia and history of self-recovered diarrhea. His condition got exacerbated and required Intensive Care Unit stay. Despite all the efforts being made for his recovery, he died after 30 days of stay in the hospital.
The Strengths and Needs of Healthcare Professionals in Healthcare Provision: A Case Study of Boguila Health Facility in the Central African Republic
Authors: Charles Twagirayezu , Urindwanayo Desire , Anastazio Mitti , Ibrahim Bwalya
Published: July 2024

The objective was to understand the individual strengths and needs of healthcare professionals in healthcare provision at Boguila health facility, in Central African Republic. A descriptive design was used for this study. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire; 19 Nurses-Aids were interviewed (86% sample). The data were double entered, cleaned, and analyzed using excel. The problem this study aims to address is that in the past 7 years the medical staff at Boguila health center did not receive training for continuous professional development due to insecurity which caused a phase out of the international staff who were in charge of this task. 75% of the nursing staff in health center by which the survey has been conducted have between six and eight years of working experience suggested to have continuous professional development in terms of make the daily report, obstructed labor, management of patients with TB/HIV, pediatric dose calculations, use of computer and data management, anatomy and physiology, care of a pregnant woman at work, and sexual gender based violence management. They show their strength in Out Patient Department (OPD) consultations, triage of patients, IEC provision, treatment for malaria, and caring for patients affected by malnutrition.
Secondary Succession of Vegetation in the Former Coal Mine Area PT. Bukit Asam Tbk
Authors: Supomo Asnawi Ariyono Suyono , Yuanita Windusari  , Umar Harun
Published: July 2024

Open-pit mining activities cause environmental degradation such as decreased soil fertility and degradation of plantation. After mining activities is completed, land improvements will be carried out through post-mining reclamation. Low pH conditions, high metal concentrations and low organic matter are the main problems in post-mining activities reclamation land. Reclamation activities carried out by PT. Bukit Asam, Tbk runs continuously from time to time. Mining land that is no longer used for mining activities must immediately carry out land reclamation activities to preserve the environment and maintain ecosystem stability in coal mining areas. The reclamation efforts that have been carried out require vegetation analysis to determine the vegetation growing on the reclaimed land of various ages. This research aims to analyze vegetation using the transect method in reclamation areas aged 1 year, 3 years, 5 years, and natural land as a control. The research results show that all reclaimed land is ultisol soil which is acidic (pH 3.52 – 4.50), and the older the reclaimed land can increase the C-Organic, C-Total and C/N of the soil. The condition of land that is 5 years old also has lower soil temperatures and greater humidity than land that is younger. The Importance Value Index (INP) of seedlings, saplings, poles and trees on reclaimed land at 1 year old is smaller than at 5 years old. The common vegetation found on all reclaimed land of different ages is seedlings (Mimosa pudica), saplings (Malaleuca cajuputi), poles and trees (Malaleuca cajuputi, Acacia mangium).
Assessing the Quality of Compost Tea Made from Swamp-Growing Lotus Plants
Authors: Tri Putri Nur  , Susilawati  , Priatna Satria Jaya , Marsi  , Gofar Nuni
Published: July 2024

Lotus is a wild plant in wetlands that have not been widely used but has great potential to be developed as compost tea. Therefore, this research aims to evaluate the content of compost tea made from wild lotus found in wetlands, which has not been sufficiently used but has great potential to be developed as compost tea. It was conducted by testing several methods and compositions of compost immersion, namely A1, A2, A3, and A4 at Aeration 1:5, Aeration 1:10, Non-aeration 1:5, and Non-aeration 1:10, respectively. The results show that the pH value increased until day 8 of immersion and then decreased on days 9 and 10, with a range of 8.0-8.44, in the recommended range. Furthermore, the total dissolved solids in the 1:5 water ratio were lower than the 1:10 of compost and water. The content of nutrients (C-organic, N-total, and P-available), bacteria population, actinomycetes, fungi, and humic acid concentration were higher in aeration treatments for both 1:5 and 1:10 compost and water ratios. In addition, humic acid functional groups in compost tea for all treatments were detected, including OH-phenolic, C=C, C=C, COOH, CH3, secondary amides, and tertiary amides with different wavelengths. Based on these results, it can be concluded that aeration treatment provides better results for the observed variables than non-aeration.
Keywords: Compost tea, humid acid, liquid organic fertilizer, lotus, nutrient content.
Legal aspects of the application of Artificial Intelligence in jurisprudence: the experience of Ukraine
Authors: Kalyniuk Natalia , Melnykova Kateryna
Published: July 2024

The aim of the work is to study and analyze the role of artificial intelligence in jurisprudence in the context of the European integration of Ukraine.
The methodological basis of the study is the dialectical method of scientific knowledge, since with its help the genesis of the development of artificial intelligence in society in general, including in jurisprudence, interaction with other elements of the legal system of Ukraine, prospects for development in domestic criminology, etc. was revealed. The anthropological approach helped reveal the importance of reforming domestic criminology in the context of international legal standards in the field of human rights. From the standpoint of the value approach, the role of artificial intelligence in modern criminology is investigated. The work uses such general scientific methods as: system analysis, going from the general to the specific, analogy, generalization, comparison. Special-legal methods, such as comparative-legal, formal-dogmatic, sociological-legal, cultural-legal.
Results. The article found that artificial intelligence is popular in many areas of human activity, in particular in jurisprudence: for checking documents, conducting legal research, forming accounts for court costs, distributing court cases between judges, drawing up contracts, searching and highlighting the necessary information in the text legal document, detection and investigation of crimes, conducting forensic examinations, etc. It has been proven that the field of digital forensics covers the detection, recording, preliminary investigation and use of computer information, digital traces and means of processing them to solve tasks related to the detection, detection, investigation and prevention of crimes.
Conclusions. Digital forensics focuses on the patterns of occurrence and use of digital traces, the development of technical means, techniques and methods for the detection, recording, extraction and study of digital information (evidence), as well as the development of techniques and methods for processing digital information. This is a branch of criminology that studies the means to uncover targets based on knowledge of these patterns, investigate and prevent crimes. During martial law, the possibilities of using artificial intelligence in Ukraine are implemented in three areas of criminal justice: preventive activities, pre-trial investigation activities, and trial activities.
Comparative legal analysis of the legal regulation of overuse in Ukraine and the Republic of Italy
Authors: Machuska Iryna , Argatiuk Iryna , Nedilchenko Svetlana , Burliy Valentina
Published: July 2024

The article is devoted to the study of the legal regulation of subsoil use in Ukraine and the Republic of Italy. It has been studied that starting with Ukraine’s declaration of independence, a new stage of development of the subsoil use institute began, which was marked by the adoption of a wide range of laws in the specified area.
It has been established that in the context of adapting legislation in the field of subsoil use to the requirements of the European Union, it seems appropriate to improve the norms of national legislation to international norms of environmental legislation.
It is noted that the legal regulation of subsoil use in Ukraine is carried out in accordance with general normative acts that regulate the right of ownership, the right to use subsoil resources, the activities of mining enterprises, namely: the Code of Ukraine on Subsoil; The Mining Law of Ukraine, as well as special regulatory acts regulating the extraction of certain types of minerals – precious stones, precious metals, oil, gas.
It has been investigated that despite the existing legal framework in the field of subsoil use, there are problems of legal regulation of mining of precious stones, including amber, in Ukraine. It is noted that in order to improve the legislation in the field of mining of precious stones, it seems appropriate to adopt a legislative act that will contain provisions on the specifics of mining, sale of precious stones and responsibility for its illegal mining.
The article examines the historical and legal aspects of the formation of Italian legislation from the earliest times. The legislation of the Republic of Italy is analyzed. It has been established that legal regulation in the field of subsoil use is regulated by both general legislative acts and laws that carry out legal regulation of subsoil use in individual regions of Italy.
The article analyzes the legal regulation of the mining police (Polizia Mineraria), whose activities are aimed at preventing offenses in the field of subsoil use.
It was concluded that it is necessary to borrow the experience of the Republic of Italy in the field of subsoil use in the formation of a special unit of the mining police of Ukraine and the adoption of the Law of Ukraine “On the Mining Police of Ukraine”.
The administrative and legal status of military administrations in Ukraine depending on the order of their creation
Authors: Pavchuk Ihor
Published: July 2024

The article is dedicated to the study of the system of public administration under martial law and the administrative and legal nature of military administrations. The author notes that the military administrations are a new and less studied institution of public administration for the modern stage of state formation.
The author aims to research the priority directions for improving the public administration system under martial law, outline the strategic orientations of the state’s development and the optimal institutional model of public administration under martial law.
It has been found that, depending on territorial competence, subordination, grounds and order of formation and termination of activities, as well as the order of recruitment, military administrations are divided into: 1) regional military administrations; 2) district military administrations; 3) military administrations of settlements. At the same time, the powers of regional and district military administrations are completely identical, and therefore, the author believes that there is no reason to distinguish them into separate levels for the purposes of this study. Regional and district military administrations are one type of administration, as opposed to military administrations of settlements.
It has been proved that the Law of Ukraine “On the Legal Regime of Martial Law” does not contain an exhaustive list of grounds for terminating the powers of local self-government bodies of settlements and, accordingly, legal grounds for the formation of military administrations of settlements.
The author proves that the military administration in the city of Kyiv could be formed only as a military administration of the settlement, that is, in the event of failure by the Kyiv City Council and/or the executive body of the Kyiv City Council to exercise the powers assigned to them. Considering that the Kyiv City Council continues to exercise, and the executive body of the Kyiv City Council exercised its powers before receiving the status of the Kyiv City Military Administration, the formation of the Kyiv City Military Administration seems legally problematic.
It has been argued that the legislator has established different approaches to determining the fate of regional, district local state administrations and military-civilian administrations after the introduction of the legal regime of martial law and the formation of military administrations. This approach of the legislator seems unreasonable and gives rise to a number of problems.
Regulatory and legal support of tax policy in Transcarpathia in 1944-1946
Authors: Boldyzhar Serhiy
Published: July 2024

A study of normative legal acts adopted by the People’s Council of Transcarpathian Ukraine in the period 1944-1945 aimed at forming the tax system of Transcarpathian Ukraine was conducted. The structure of the financial and tax authorities of the region, their powers, the system of state and local taxation was studied, which allows us to draw certain conclusions about the state and legal direction of Transcarpathian Ukraine.
Policy of the European Union in relation to Ukraine
Authors: Dir Ihor
Published: July 2024

The aim of the work is comprehensive analysis of the state of bilateral relations between Ukraine and the European Union at the stage after the opening of the accession negotiation process.
The methodological basis of the study official websites of specialized institutions in Ukraine and the European Union, laws, analytical reports, articles by other scientists, etc.
Results. In April 2024, the European Commission issued a Proposal for a Council Implementing Decision on the approval of the assessment of the Ukraine Plan. This Plan, in addition to the provisions on the reconstruction of Ukraine and financial support, also contains other important provisions. Yet, the document contains a reform plan that must be implemented by Ukraine. In general, the Ukraine Plan proposes 69 reforms and 10 investments accounting for 146 qualitative and quantitative steps. These reforms are based on 15 key sectors, which also cover sectors of the EU acquis. Sectors in which it is necessary to attract investments are additionally selected. An important feature of this Plan is also the fact that the number of steps necessary for the implementation of these reforms is determined.
An important feature of each of these reforms is that it takes into account the EU acquis. For example, the goal of the Public Administration reform cluster is strengthening the capacity and efficiency of the Ukrainian administration and the gradual alignment of the rules, standards, policies, and practices with the EU acquis. Accordingly, the introduction of certain reforms has a positive effect on Ukraine’s implementation of the EU acquis in domestic legislation. It was found that out of 33 clusters of the EU acquis, the implementation of reforms will have broad alignment with recommendations in the 2023 Enlargement Report for 14 clusters. Another 11 clusters will be partially approximated.
Conclusions. As a result of the study, it was found that the European Union actively helps Ukraine in its European integration aspiration. Thus, in April 2024, the Proposal for a Council Implementing Decision on the approval of the assessment of the Ukraine Plan was presented. In addition to the provisions on the reconstruction of Ukraine, this report contains a reform plan that must be implemented by Ukraine in order to bring domestic legislation as close as possible to the EU acquis.
Subjects of attracting and using international military aid in Ukraine
Authors: Horobets Nadiia
Published: July 2024

The article is devoted to clarifying the subject composition of the involvement and use of international military aid in Ukraine. It was determined that the relevance of studying this issue is due to the need to minimize corruption risks during the involvement and use of international military aid, as well as to ensure the transparency of these processes in order to build trusting legal relations between Ukraine and the countries that provide such aid. Given the lack of comprehensive research on this issue, the basis of the study is the legislative and by- laws of Ukraine, which define the powers of the entities that participate in the involvement and use of international military aid. It was found that until 2024, despite 2 years of war, the concept of “international military aid” was absent in the legislation of Ukraine, which made it possible and complicated to develop and approve the procedure for attracting and using international military aid. It was emphasized that with the adoption by the government of Resolution No. 168 on February 13, 2024, the powers and limits of responsibility of the subjects of the general (the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, the President of Ukraine, the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine) and special (the National Security and Defense Council, the Ministry of Defense of Ukraine, the Armed Forces Forces of Ukraine) competence in the field of attraction and use of international military aid. It was concluded that, in practice, the above-mentioned subjects’ implementation of their powers will contribute to the transparent receipt, distribution of such aid, its targeted use, and the preparation of appropriate reporting for partner countries.
Modelos Predictivos de Rendimiento Académico Universitario Mediante Aprendizaje Automático
Authors: Parraga Menchaca Diego
Published: July 2024

Este artículo científico aborda la temática de la predicción del rendimiento académico universitario mediante el uso de técnicas de aprendizaje automático. Comienza con una revisión exhaustiva de la literatura, que abarca desde modelos estadísticos tradicionales hasta enfoques más recientes basados en aprendizaje automático. Se destacan estudios relevantes que han explorado diversos factores predictivos y algoritmos utilizados en este campo de investigación. La metodología detallada describe los datos utilizados, el preprocesamiento aplicado y los algoritmos de aprendizaje automático seleccionados, incluyendo regresión logística, árboles de decisión, bosques aleatorios, máquinas de soporte vectorial (SVM), redes neuronales y modelos de ensamblaje. Se enfatiza la importancia de la validación cruzada y la evaluación rigurosa del desempeño de los modelos. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que los modelos de ensamblaje y las redes neuronales lograron los mejores resultados en términos de precisión y capacidad de generalización. Se identificaron características clave, como el GPA, las calificaciones previas y la asistencia a clases, como predictores importantes del rendimiento académico. Las conclusiones resaltan la utilidad práctica de los modelos predictivos desarrollados, así como las limitaciones y áreas de mejora identificadas en este estudio. Se discuten posibles direcciones futuras, como la exploración de modelos específicos para diferentes disciplinas académicas y la mejora de la explicabilidad de los modelos de aprendizaje automático.
Impact of Social Media on Socio-Political Socialization of Youth in Pakistan
Authors: Zafar Zubaida , Kalsoom Ruqia , Jafar Maria
Published: July 2024

This study explores the intricate impact of social media on the social and political development of youth in Pakistan, providing a thorough examination of its diverse influence. This research meticulously examines the positive and negative effects of social media on youth, elucidating how these platforms act as both catalysts for empowerment and potential sources of harm. It investigates the role of social media in shaping the attitudes and behaviors of young individuals, particularly in the context of socio-political engagement. By exploring the extent to which social media fosters youth awareness, participation, and activism in political spheres, the study sheds light on the transformative potential of these digital platforms. Moreover, the research underscores the significance of social media in youth education and professional development, emphasizing its role as a facilitator of learning, skill acquisition, and networking opportunities. It explores how social media serves as a channel for disseminating knowledge and advancing careers, empowering youth to navigate the complexities of the modern world.This study utilizes a qualitative method, conducting desk review to collect data from secondary sources, to investigate how social media influences the socio-political lives of Pakistani youth. It employs an exploratory approach to delve into the subject matter.The conclusion of this research states that social media serves as a modern tool for communication and plays a significant role in social and political socialization, particularly among youth. While it offers numerous positive benefits such as guiding youth towards socio-political awareness and providing job opportunities, it also presents challenges like online bullying and privacy breaches. Policy makers need to address these negative aspects to ensure that youth derive maximum positive benefits from social media.
Life Skills in Biology Textbook Grade IX: A Qualitative Content Analysis
Authors: Jamil Muhammad , Jabeen Mehlah , Moin Muhammad
Published: July 2024

The current qualitative study focused on integrating 12 core life skills in secondary school Biology textbooks identified in the UNICEF MENA report (2017). The textbook was selected through purposive sampling, which was employed when choosing the textbook. The data analysis was done using qualitative content analysis facilitated through NVivo 14. The analysis revealed specific aspects of critical thinking, problem-solving, decision-making, and participation skills in different activities, questions, and practical work from the textbook analysis. Some concerns were that creativity and communication skills were neglected, although only a few activities were suggested to address these areas. Furthermore, no specific content and activities taught students about cooperation, negotiation, self-management, resilience, respect for human diversity, and empathy. The current study indicates that though the Biology textbook has some specific necessary life skills, there may be a gap in the coverage of the necessary life skills identified by UNICEF. As a result of the present research, it is suggested that textbook content should be matched to fundamental life skills to ensure positive outcomes in students’ everyday lives. The information can be helpful in future textbook writing and updating to enhance the delivery of life skills education in secondary schools.
Bridging Theory and Practice: Action Research as a Catalyst for Educational Reform in Pakistan
Authors: Muhammad Yaar , Safdar Samina , Saif Sajida
Published: July 2024

In this paper, we explore the critical role of action research in realizing educational reform within Pakistan. It posits that the gap between educational theory and classroom practice has historically hindered significant improvements in Pakistan’s education system. This makes action research and its process comprising of planning, acting, and reflecting cycle an excellent method to meet these two opposite ends. Action research is a highly formative exercise; it calls for empowering educators as researchers in their classrooms, building an organizational culture tuned to inquiry and evidence-based decision-making. This paper reviews an approach that can meet the unique educational challenges of Pakistan that arise due to complex socio-economic contexts, multilingual classrooms, and resource constraints. We illustrate case studies and review the literature to indicate how action research has supported teaching innovation, improved student learning outcomes, and created greater policy ownership. The review argues for the potential of action research in Pakistan and how it can be beneficial as a tool that fosters reflection among practitioners and as a source enriching teacher professional development and thereby triggering broader educational change. The paper concludes with suggestions of how action research might be integrated into teacher education and school improvement initiatives.
Cost Plus Pricing Solusi Penghitungan Harga Jual Produk UMKM Studi Kasus: Permata Bakery Lampung
Authors: Astuti Sri , Adelia Putri , Indriyani
Published: July 2024

Tujuan : Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memastikan harga jual barang secara tepat dengan memanfaatkan metodologi cost-plus pricing di Permata Bakery.
 
Metodologi : Penelitian menggunakan data primer di samping teknik deskriptif kuantitatif.
 
Hasil penelitian : Hasil investigasi mengungkapkan perbedaan antara harga jual yang ditetapkan oleh Permata Bakery dan harga yang dihitung oleh para peneliti. Perhitungan pemilik bisnis sering menyebabkan harga yang lebih rendah, akibatnya mengurangi harga jual produk dan keuntungan yang dihasilkan karena kurangnya presisi penetapan harga. Melaksanakan perhitungan biaya plus harga diantisipasi untuk meningkatkan profitabilitas Permata Bakery.
Impact of Sasobit on Asphalt Binder’s Performance under UAE Local Conditions
Authors: Sukkari Alaa , Al-Khateeb Ghazi , Wajeeh Mohammed , Ezzat Helal , Zeiada Waleed ,   Civil and Environmental Department, College of Engineering, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE,   Civil and Environmental Department, College of Engineering, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE,   Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, Fuel and Energy Technology Department, Al-Huda University College, Al Anbar, Iraq.,   Civil Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Delta Higher Institute for Engineering and Technology, Mansoura, Egypt.,   Pavement Engineering Laboratory, Research Institute of Sciences and Engineering, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE.,   Civil and Environmental Department, College of Engineering, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE.,   Public Works Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
Published: July 2024

Asphalt pavements are the backbone of the transportation system. In light of the rising costs of energy and materials and the growing emphasis on sustainable infrastructure, there has been a push to enhance the performance of asphalt pavements. One of the primary methods for achieving this goal is the incorporation of warm mix additives into the asphalt binder. This study investigated the impact of Sasobit on the asphalt binder by adding 2% and 4% of Sasobit, by weight, to the asphalt binder. The following tests were conducted: penetration, softening point, rotational viscosity, and high-temperature performance. The results demonstrated that the addition of Sasobit at 2% and 4% concentrations resulted in a 25% and 30% reduction in penetration, respectively, accompanied by a 26% and 71% increase in the asphalt binder's softening point, as well as a 17°C and 36°C rise in the softening point, respectively. Additionally, the viscosity at 135°C and 165°C and the mix and compaction temperatures decreased by 30% and 25%, respectively. Utilizing the outcomes mentioned above, AASHTOWare simulations were conducted to assess the impact of local climate conditions and gradation. The simulations demonstrated that adding Sasobit resulted in enhanced service life, as evidenced by the International Roughness Index, permanent deformation, and bottom-up fatigue. The simulations and test results collectively indicate that Sasobit's incorporation could be advantageous for local asphalt pavements. The authors recommend further testing the effect of Sasobit on the performance of asphalt mixes in rutting, fatigue, and moisture damage.
The Effects of Self-Management of Marine Leisure Sports Club Members on Coping with Stress
Authors: Kwon Young-Hoon , Yang Chun-Ho
Published: July 2024

Background/Objectives:This study aimed to identify the effects of self-management on stress coping of marine leisure sports club members. Methods/Statistical analysis: The subjects of this study were 283 club members participating in marine leisure sports in South Korea. The survey was used as the research tool. Data processing included frequency analysis, validity and reliability verification, correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis. Through these methods, the following results were obtained: Findings: First, the self-management of marine leisure sports club members showed a positive correlation with stress coping. Second, mental management and physical management were found to have positive effects on problem-focused coping. Third, mental management, interpersonal management, and physical management were found to have positive effects on social support seeking. Fourth, mental management, interpersonal management, and practice management were found to have positive effects on aesthetic thinking. Fifth, mental management, interpersonal management, physical management, and practice management were found to have positive effects on emotional coping.  Improvements/Applications:The conclusion drawn from the above results is that marine leisure sports club members have good coping abilities through self-management. Therefore, participating in marine leisure sports can relieve daily stress for participants, contributing to their physical, mental, and social health.
La importancia de la enseñanza de la comunicación Médico-Paciente Oncológico para Médicos Internos Residentes, Hospital Gregorio Marañón de Madrid
Authors: Navarro Cuéllar Carlos , López López Ana , Navarro Cuéllar Ignacio , Verdaguer Martín Juan José
Published: July 2024

La enseñanza de la comunicación médico-paciente oncológica para médicos internos residentes (MIR) es esencial en la atención integral del paciente con cáncer. Este proceso no solo implica la transmisión de información médica, sino también el establecimiento de una relación terapéutica basada en la empatía y el respeto. La capacitación en habilidades de comunicación influye directamente en la calidad de la atención brindada y en la experiencia del paciente durante su tratamiento. Los MIR deben ser capaces de abordar las emociones complejas asociadas con el diagnóstico y tratamiento del cáncer, facilitar la toma de decisiones compartida, mejorar la adherencia al tratamiento y prevenir malentendidos que puedan surgir de una comunicación deficiente. Se requiere un enfoque estructurado y continuo en la enseñanza de estas habilidades, con la utilización de métodos efectivos de enseñanza y evaluación. Al mejorar la comunicación médico-paciente, los MIR pueden contribuir significativamente a resultados de tratamiento más positivos y a una experiencia más satisfactoria para los pacientes y sus familias durante el curso de la enfermedad oncológica.
Evaluación ecológica de mamíferos en cultivos de palma de aceite (Elaeis guineensis) del núcleo Extractora Catatumbo en el municipio de Tibú
Authors: Ramírez-Alférez Wilson Camilo José , Rubio-Parada Jorge Alexander , Navarro Durán Antonio
Published: July 2024

El monocultivo de palma de aceite (Elaeis guineensis) requiere de grandes extensiones, en Norte de Santander cerró el 2020 con más de 27.528 hectáreas sembradas, esta expansión implica una transformación en las coberturas del suelo y por lo tanto una afectación a la fauna y flora de la región. El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar ecológicamente fincas palmeras, para identificar las coberturas del suelo, a presencia-ausencia de mamíferos y determinar dentro de estas, las especies sombrilla. Las coberturas de uso del suelo se identificaron mediante técnicas de la Ecología del Paisaje y los Sistemas de Información Geográfica, se determinaron cuatro coberturas de uso del suelo, asimismo se realizaron monitoreos de fauna en fincas palmeras; El inventario se realizó de manera directa con recorridos en las fincas palmeras y de manera indirecta mediante entrevistas y la identificación de rastros como huellas, heces, entre otros; además se hicieron monitoreos con cámaras trampas, con un esfuerzo de monitoreo de 1004 noches. Durante los recorridos se identificaron directamente 4 especies de mamíferos y mediante los demás métodos indirectos se registraron 14 especies para un total de 18 especies mamíferos encontrados, de estas especies cuatro fueron identificadas como especies sombrilla: Puma concolor, Leopardus pardalis, Odocoileus virginianus y Cuniculus paca. Se concluyó que existe un desconocimiento general sobre la biología de las especies mamíferos presentes en el área de estudio, además la necesidad de elaborar e implementar planes de conservación que incluyan la preservación de zonas con alto valor de conservación y el establecimiento de corredores biológicos en sectores altamente urbanizados.