bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Patient Satisfaction in Elective Major Surgery for Benign Disease in a Tertiary Care Hospital.
Authors: Maharjan Shanta Bir , Lamichhane Deep , Joshi Arbin , Shah Sashi , Thapa Ghanshyam , Shah Jay N
Published: March 2013

Introduction: Since civilization physicians are upheld at high standard to promote interests of patients and society. In this study we aimed to analyze issues related to patient satisfacti on for better patient care. Methods: There were 145 surgical patients in this cross sectional prospective observational study for elective benign disease. Patient’s response to pre-tested questionnaire before and after surgery was scored was on a 3-point scale. Variables included patient demographics; diagnosis, treatments, complications; counseling, social, financial concern; surgeon’s competency, hospital facilities, pain management and overall satisfaction. Microsoft Excel was used for descriptive analysis. Results: Average age of patients was 44 years and male were 42.7% (62/145). All patients were satisfied for information on diagnosis, complications and hospital facilities. Patients consented for surgery themselves in 96.5%. Financial concern was found in 17.3% and inadequate pain management in 7.6%. Overall,96.5% patients were satisfied. Conclusions: Even though 96.5% patients were satisfied, further analysis revealed there is room for improvement on post-operative pain management (in 17.3%) and financial constrains (in 7.6%) in elective major surgery for benign diseases in our setup. Medical Journal of Shree Birendra Hospital; Jan-June 2012/vol.11/Issue1/9-12 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/mjsbh.v11i1.7759
Bag Valve Mask Ventilation Versus Controlled Ventilation for Minor Pediatric Surgery.
Authors: Panta Sunita , KC Nagendra Bahadur
Published: March 2013

Introduction: Paediatric anaesthesia deals with Examination under anaesthesia to complicated surgical interventions. Most of the minor surgeries can be performed with Bag Valve Mask Ventilation which avoids complications of endotracheal intubation. Methods: A retrospective randomized control study was undertaken in 654 paediatric surgeries performed at Shree Birendra Hospital, Chhauni (April 2005-March 2010). The children underwent minor general, Ear nose throat and orthopaedic surgery to compare spontaneous Bag Valve Mask ventilation in 503 patients (BVM Group) and controlled ventilation in 151 patients (CV Group). The BVM group was done under spontaneous mask ventilation and CV group under endotracheal intubation. Anaesthesia was induced and maintained with oxygen and halothane, using a Mapleson F system with spontaneous ventilation and a Rendell-Baker face mask. The duration of anaesthesia was less than one hour. Results: In this study we noted the complications like trauma to face and lips, dental trauma, laryngospasm, perforation of tracheaor esophagus, pulmonary aspiration of gastric contents or foreign bodies and post extubation complications. Conclusions: It is concluded that the need of controlled ventilation with endotracheal tube is limited to only a few procedures and many of the paediatric surgeries can be performed with spontaneous mask ventilation. Therefore anaesthesia with oxygen and halothane with spontaneous mask ventilation is a satisfactory method for minor procedures in children. Medical Journal of Shree Birendra Hospital; Jan-June 2012/vol.11/Issue1/17-20 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/mjsbh.v11i1.7761
A Case Report on Herpes Simplex Encephalitis
Authors: Adhikari Anita
Published: March 2013

This is the Case report of a 53 years old male Retired Major of Nepal Army. He was diagnosed as a case of Herpes Simplex Encephalitis while he was in UN Mission in Kosovo as an observer on June 2005. He was treated in a Neurological Centre in Vienna, Austria for 13 months and was transferred to Shree Birendra Hospital on1st of august 2006. Since then he is in the state of Tetraparesis with cognitive defects and kinetic mutism and he is receiving continuous medical and nursing care at Shree Birendra Hospital till date. Though he is in the vegetative state continuous medical and nursing care has prevented him from the further complications. Thus the nursing management of this case is successful which has promoted job satisfaction among the nurses. Medical Journal of Shree Birendra Hospital; Jan-June 2012/vol.11/Issue1/46-48 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/mjsbh.v11i1.7790
A Short Note on Pointless Reference Formatting
Authors: Baveye Philippe C.
Published: March 2013

In the last few years, several authors have opined that the multitude of reference styles used in scholarly journals is entirely pointless. In this brief note, a back-of-the-envelope calculation shows that this profusion of styles leads to significant waste of researchers' time and financial resources, all of which could be spent on far more meaningful pursuits. A simple solution is for all journals to adopt a single reference format. This could happen relatively easily, it is argued, if major funding agencies decided to back the idea.
Taking the Fairies Out of the Woods
Authors: Lower
Published: March 2013

A Dialogue
Reviews
Authors: Underhill Frank , Frye Northrop , Trueman  , Wilson  , Sparshott  , MacLure Millar
Published: March 2013

Edward Hallett Carr, A History of Soviet Russia: The Bolshevik Revolution, 1917–1923, reviewed by Frank H. Underhill

Edward Hallett Carr, The New Society, reviewed by Frank H. Underhill

R. S. Crane, The Languages of Criticism and the Structure of Poetry, reviewed by Northrop Frye

Hilda Neatby, So Little for the Mind, reviewed by A. W. Trueman

Harry Levin, The Overreacher: A Study of Christopher Marlowe, reviewed by H. S. Wilson

F. P. Wilson, Marlowe and the Early Shakespeare, reviewed by H. S. Wilson

Ronald B. Levinson, In Defense of Plato, reviewed by F. E. Sparshott

George Whalley, Poetic Process, reviewed by Millar MacLure
Review Article
Authors: Rose Elliot
Published: March 2013

American literature of social concern.
Humanities
Authors: Henderson
Published: March 2013

Reviews of books on the humanities published in Canada in 1961.
Lyric and Anti-Lyric Forms: A Method for Judging Browning
Authors: Cadbury William
Published: March 2013

Poets, like other rhetoricians, choose to face their readers with a face masked or bare. And each face carries its own kind of conviction, and can create its own kind of truth. The reader will be ready for the kinds which he knows can come from the poet's choice of face, and he can only be confused if he is presented with the kinds appropriate to the other choice.
The Pattern of a University
Authors: Nursall
Published: March 2013

Today, the founding of universities is happenstance become style. So many young people are qualifying themselves for university education, that we can foresee and expect the intellectual boundaries of our country to spread and its resources to be magnified. In response to the demand some institutions rise slowly from pre-existing colleges, others spring new from the will of governments and their constituents. Whatever the origin, there is an opportunity that we are wise if we seize: to cast a university in a modern mould to accommodate new conditions. I shall attempt to suggest a path of development that can be followed.
Public Context and Imagining Self in Amelia
Authors: Golden Morris
Published: March 2013

Thinking back on his life while examining his current world, the Fielding of Amelia advances hesitantly through a dark forest. In place of the grand vision of human possibility in Tom Jones, animated by a kind of religious gratitude for his life with his beloved Charlotte and by exhilarating national challenges and changes, he offers in Amelia to show us what to salvage from the Fall: 'To retrieve the ill Consequences of a foolish Conduct, and by struggling manfully with Distress to subdue it, is one of the noblest Efforts of Wisdom and Virtue.' Now he had to trudge endlessly through the political tangles of his magistracy to support an often ailing family, himself often ill, in a tired post-war England. His novel thus becomes an extraordinary merger of the details of the present with psychological emanations from the past, of his own maturity with his nation's decay, that almost equates them, an admonition to his younger self and to young England not to repeat the last twenty years.
Profil d'une nouvelle littérature
Authors: Allard Jacques
Published: March 2013

La littérature québécoise a eu une enfance aussi longue qu'étonnante. Et comme toutes les expressions nationales, elle a d'abord été un produit du devoir avant que de s'accomplir. Il s'agit là, sans doute, d'un truisme d'historien, puisque dans son évolution s'est réalisé le modèle canonique selon lequel l'expression d'un peuple passe nécessairement d'un discours naissant, utile, obligé, à celui, finalement plus libre, de l'épanouissement. Pourtant, cette naissance prolongée est bien un premier trait historique à retenir quand on s'interroge sur les caractéristiques fondamentales de cette jeune littérature. N'est-ce pas ce qu'elle thématise si fortement dans un continuel discours des origines?
Saint-Denys-Garneau ou l'`équilibre impondérable' de l'homme et du poète
Authors: Mailhot Laurent
Published: March 2013

Je relis Saint-Denys-Garneau à peu près chaque année. Moins le diariste et l'épistolier, si intéressants soient-ils, que le poéte. Inépuisable. Un peu en porte-à-faux, incomplet, inachevé, parfois bancal, troué, béant, et par là inattendu, vivant. D'une année à l'autre, il bouge, s'éloigne, se rapproche de lui-même et de nous. La Révolution tranquille lui avait préféré Alain Grandbois, qui est le type même de l'Écrivain-de-l'entre-deux-guerres, voyageur et esthète raffiné, partout chez lui (et ailleurs) dans le monde. La postmodernité revient – ou reviendra – à Garneau, fragmentaire, incertain, interrogatif, impur. Le cinquantenaire de sa mort n'est qu'un prétexte supplémentaire pour jeter quelques regards, essayer quelques jeux dans l'espace et le temps du poète, ou plutôt dans les traces qu'en ont laissées les lectures ou non-lectures, les légendes et le mythe. Ornières ou sillons? Le paysage, comme le visage, s'en trouve en tout cas modifié. On passe facilement ici du 'tombeau' comme genre à la (re)composition de la figure du poète.
Le professeur fictif dans quelques romans québécois des années quatre-vingt: pas facile d'être intellectuel postmoderne!
Authors: Hébert Pierre
Published: March 2013

Il y a de cela quelques années, j'ai fait une brève communication sur le personnage du professeur dans quelques romans québécois des années quatre-vingt. Je me rappelle vaguement les circonstances qui m'avaient amené à réfléchir sur ce sujet, si ce n'est cette impression—frustrante—que j'éprouvais alors, du déclin, mais aussi de la démission de l'intellectuel dans notre société.
Perils of the Unsaid in Michel Brault's Film Les Ordres
Authors: Clandfield David
Published: March 2013

Les Ordres. C'est un film que j'ai voulu faire après les événements d'Octobre. Je suis parti avec un magnétophone et j'ai recueilli des témoignages de personnes qui sont allées en prison soi-disant pour rien. Mais ce qu'ils ont vécu là est vraiment passionnant. Je me suis fait raconter par cinquante personnes leur expérience en prison. J'ai fait transcrire cela. J'ai tout lu en extirpant ce qui me paraissait le plus intéressant. Et j'ai tout recomposé les extraits en les reportant sur trois ou quatre personnages. Donc, j'ai fait un scénario en partant de cinquante scénarios. C'est de la fiction tirée de la réalité [...] Faire ce métier, c'est merveilleux car j'ai l'impression d'enregistrer des choses que je vais transmettre aux autres. Et ce que j'ai vécu, d'autres peuvent le vivre à leur tour. Comme on dit souvent, c'est donner la parole aux autres dans toute sa plénitude.
John Greyson's Zero Patience in the Canadian Firmament: Cultural Practice/Cultural Studies
Authors: Dellamora Richard
Published: March 2013

In a special issue of UTQ dedicated to the topic of cultural studies in Canada, questions of methodology, discipline, and pedagogy will come to the fore. In the following pages, I consider John Greyson's film Zero Patience as an example of cultural practice rife with implications for cultural studies. I invoke this work, however, specifically as a counterexample to conventional representations of Canada in the national media — and not as a model for cultural studies, since to do so would be simply to subordinate one regimen of 'mastery' for another. Rather than taking Zero Patience as either a metonym or a synecdoche of cultural studies, it would be better to consider cultural studies in relation to subcultural practices in terms of what Jean-Francois Lyotard refers to as the differerend: 'As distinguished from a litigation, a differend [differend] would be a case of conflict, between (at least) two parties, that cannot be equitably resolved for lack of a rule of judgment applicable to both arguments. One side's legitimacy does not imply the other's lack of legitimacy. However, applying a single rule of judgment to both in order to settle their differend as though it were merely a litigation would wrong (at least) one of them (and both of them if neither side admits this rule), (xi). Were I to posit a single axiom, it would be that the relationship between minority discourses and disciplinarity in cultural studies needs to be one of mutual supplementarity.
J. M. W. Turner's Pembroke Castle: Clearing Up of a Thunderstorm (1806)
Authors: Bewell Alan
Published: March 2013

As the title of this watercolour suggests, its explicit focus is Pembroke Harbour, shortly after a storm. Like many of Turner's paintings, this one is about the interaction of human beings with the more powerful forces of nature. Sea and sky dominate the painting. The water is still rough, the winds still high. In the distance,Pembroke Castle stands like a fortified beachhead, yet in its dark stony stillness it seems dwarfed by the natural forces that surround it and which it seeks to withstand. In the middle distance, the boats that had previously sought refuge in the harbour now race out to sea. Two kinds of English power seem to be portrayed here. On one hand, there is Pembroke Castle which, like Constable's Hadleigh Castle, expresses an older idea of Englishness, linked to the power of its fortifications, a fortress that braves the weather. On the other, a new kind of power is expressed in the English commercial and fishing fleets, which derive their strength not from struggling against nature, but by precariously riding the waves and employing the winds to their advantage. For Turner, England was an island nation, its strength and security closely linked to the sea that surrounded it and to the power of its commercial fleets. Pembroke Castle: Clearing Up of a Thunderstorm can be said then to be both a marinescape and a historical painting, for it sets a new idea of English strength, the boats, against an older one, the castle, juxtaposing the present with the past.
Henri Fantin-Latour's Ariane abandonnée
Authors: Frank Mitchell
Published: March 2013

In 1867 the American painter Thomas Eakins was rather surprised by the large number of nudes at the Parisian Salon: `The rest of the pictures are of naked women, standing, sitting, lying down, flying, dancing, doing nothing which they call Phyrnes, Venuses, nymphs, hermaphrodites, houris, and Greek proper names' (qtd in Hendricks, 39). The situation had not changed much when Henri Fantin-Latour exhibited his Ariane abandonnée, a pastel on canvas, in the Salon of 1887 (Fantin-Latour, 135). Fantin's Ariadne fits the category of nude that Bram Dijkstra has coined, `the nymph with the broken back,' of which Alexandre Cabanel's Venus, in his Birth of Venus (1863), is the first and most famous example.
Night and Light in Wagner's Tristan und Isolde and Novalis's Hymnen an die Nacht: Inversion and Transfiguration
Authors: Scott Jill
Published: March 2013

Richard Wagner's Tristan und Isolde is an opera obsessed with the great dramatic dialectic and operatic imperative of love and death, eros and thanatos, though it is no less dominated by the opposition of night and light, which figures as a unifying leitmotif throughout the literature of German Romanticism.l There is no consensus among scholars regarding the status of Wagner's Tristan as either wholly Romantic, as Thomas Mann thought, or as an lend to all Romanticism,' as in the eyes of Richard Strauss (Borchmeyer, 261; Prlifer, 290). My question is not whether Wagner's Tristan is a truly Romantic work of art, but rather how the composer appropriates Romantic tropes to his own ends, just as he filters the dialectic tensions of Gottfried's medieval Tristan epic. I hope also to demonstrate that, while Wagner sets up a world of already inverted oppositions such as dark and bright, death and life, dissonance and harmony, these polarities eventually collapse into an 'optics of transfiguration,' parallelling Tristan and Isolde's Liebestod.
Impact of Timing of Admission in Labour on Subsequent Outcome
Authors: Janna Junnu Rayen , Chowdhury Saleha Begum
Published: March 2013

To examine the effect of timing at which women admitted either in active or latent phase of spontaneous labour on subsequent outcome. This cross-sectional study was conducted at labour ward, department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, BSMMU hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh, from August 2007 to November 2007, where data were collected prospectively. A total of 60 women with term, singletone pregnancy, cephalic presentation with spontaneous onset of labour admitted in labour either in active or latent phase were selected for evaluation. Patients with any medical or obstetric complications, rupture of membrane, antenatally diagnosed foetal anomalies or death and with prior caesarean section were excluded from the study. Patients with cervical dilatation at less than 4cm were categorized as latent phase and were in group I. On the other hand, patients with cervical dilatation of 4 cm or more were marked as in active phase and were allocated in group II. Baseline characteristics were compared. Outcome differences were compared using chi-square(X2) test, t test, fishers exact test, A p value <0.05 considered significant.  Duration of labour, mode of delivery, indication for caesarean section, need for oxytocin, labour analgesia, Apgar score <7, birth weight of baby, maternal PPH and postpartum hospital stay. A total of 60 patients were enrolled during the study period. Of them 35 patients (58.3%)were in group I and 25 patients (41.7%) in group II. Duration of labour was more in early admitted group compared to late admitted group (mean± SD 17.0 ± 2.8 vs 14.3 ± 2.4). Latent phase women needed more caesarean delivery than active phase women (62.9% vs 28.0%). Dystocia was the main indication for caesarean delivery in the present study which was 68.2% and 28.6% in early and late admitted group respectively. Second commonest indication for caesarean section was foetal distress (6 in group I and 5 in group II). Oxytocin for augmentation was used in 62.9% in group I and 56.0% in group II and nulliparae women were the one who needed more augmentation (40.0% in group I, 36.0% in group II). Mean foetal weight between two groups did not reach any significant difference (p>0.05). Apgar score <7 shows insignificant difference between two groups. PPH was found in 5.7% cases and all were from group I. Total postpartum hospital stay was significantly longer in group I than group II (p<0.05). t is shown that early admission to the hospital in low-risk women may negatively affect the outcome of labour and are at increased risk of prolonged labour, more need for analgesia, increased rate of caesarean section, increased PPH and postpartum hospital stay. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cbmj.v2i1.14177 Community Based Medical Journal Vol.2(1) 2013 21-28
Patient characteristics, Bacteriological profile & outcome of Neonatal Sepsis: A Hospital Based Study
Authors: Jahan Nasim , Haque Zabrul SM , Mannan Md Abdul , Akhter Morsheda , Yasmin Sabina , Akhter Shirin , Talukder Abu Mohammad , Dey Sonjoy Kumar
Published: March 2013

Neonatal sepsis is a major cause of mortality and morbidity in newborn. The spectrum of bacteria which causes neonatal sepsis varies in different parts of the world. The organisms responsible for early onset and late onset sepsis are different. The objective of the study was undertaken to determine the pattern of bacterial isolates responsible for early and late onset neonatal sepsis. A prospective descriptive study over the period of one year was conducted at the Department of Neonatal Intensive care unit of Ad-din Womens Medical College and Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh.Organisms were isolated from 8.7% of collected blood samples. The male female ratio of culture proven sepsis was 1.7:1. More than half (52.8%) of the evaluated neonates were preterm. & 56.3% had low birth weight. The gram positive and gram negative bacteria accounted for 24.1% and 75.9% of the isolates respectively. Around three fourth of the neonates (75.8%) presented with early onset sepsis, while 24.2% presented with late onset sepsis. Acinetobacter was the most common pathogen both in early onset (70%) and late onset (30%) sepsis. Pseudomonas (89.4%) was the second most common pathogen in early onset sepsis. Total mortality rate was 5.7%. Pre term, low birth weight and gram negative sepsis contributes majority of mortality.Gram negative organism especially Acinetobacter found to be commonest cause of sepsis. Pseudomonas was second most common but contributed highest in late onset sepsis and neonatal death due to sepsis. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cbmj.v2i1.14184 Community Based Medical Journal Vol.2(1) 2013 49-54
Jasmonic Acid, but not Salicylic Acid, Improves PLB Formation of Hybrid Cymbidium
Authors: Silva Jaime A Teixeira da
Published: March 2013

No abstract available
Towards a Consensus View on Understanding Nanomaterials Hazards and Managing Exposure: Knowledge Gaps and Recommendations
Authors: Hunt Geoffrey , Lynch Iseult , Cassee Flemming , Handy Richard , Fernandes Teresa , Berges Markus , Kuhlbusch Thomas , Dusinska Maria , Riediker Michael
Published: March 2013

The aim of this article is to present an overview of salient issues of exposure, characterisation and hazard assessment of nanomaterials as they emerged from the consensus-building of experts undertaken within the four year European Commission coordination project NanoImpactNet. The approach adopted is to consolidate and condense the findings and problem-identification in such a way as to identify knowledge-gaps and generate a set of interim recommendations of use to industry, regulators, research bodies and funders. The categories of recommendation arising from the consensual view address: significant gaps in vital factual knowledge of exposure, characterisation and hazards; the development, dissemination and standardisation of appropriate laboratory protocols; address a wide range of technical issues in establishing an adequate risk assessment platform; the more efficient and coordinated gathering of basic data; greater inter-organisational cooperation; regulatory harmonization; the wider use of the life-cycle approaches; and the wider involvement of all stakeholders in the discussion and solution-finding efforts for nanosafety.
Vitamin D and Obesity
Authors: Vanlint Simon
Published: March 2013

Obesity is a significant health problem world-wide, particularly in developed nations. Vitamin D deficiency is pandemic, and has been implicated in a wide variety of disease states. This paper seeks to examine the consistently reported relationship between obesity and low vitamin D concentrations, with reference to the possible underlying mechanisms. The possibility that vitamin D may assist in preventing or treating obesity is also examined, and recommendations for future research are made. There is a clear need for adequately-powered, prospective interventions which include baseline measurement of 25D concentrations and involve adequate doses of supplemental vitamin D. Until such studies have been reported, the role of vitamin D supplementation in obesity prevention remains uncertain.
A Transmission Power Optimization with a Minimum Node Degree for Energy-Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks with Full-Reachability
Authors: Chen Yi-Ting , Horng Mong-Fong , Lo Chih-Cheng , Chu Shu-Chuan , Pan Jeng-Shyang , Liao Bin-Yih
Published: March 2013

Transmission power optimization is the most significant factor in prolonging the lifetime and maintaining the connection quality of wireless sensor networks. Un-optimized transmission power of nodes either interferes with or fails to link neighboring nodes. The optimization of transmission power depends on the expected node degree and node distribution. In this study, an optimization approach to an energy-efficient and full reachability wireless sensor network is proposed. In the proposed approach, an adjustment model of the transmission range with a minimum node degree is proposed that focuses on topology control and optimization of the transmission range according to node degree and node density. The model adjusts the tradeoff between energy efficiency and full reachability to obtain an ideal transmission range. In addition, connectivity and reachability are used as performance indices to evaluate the connection quality of a network. The two indices are compared to demonstrate the practicability of framework through simulation results. Furthermore, the relationship between the indices under the conditions of various node degrees is analyzed to generalize the characteristics of node densities. The research results on the reliability and feasibility of the proposed approach will benefit the future real deployments.
Comparison of Geographic Atrophy Measurements from the OCT Fundus Image and the Sub-RPE Slab Image
Authors: Yehoshua Zohar , Garcia Filho Carlos Alexandre A. , Penha Fernando M. , Gregori Giovanni , Stetson Paul F. , Feuer William J. , Rosenfeld Philip J.
Published: March 2013

PURPOSE:

To compare two different approaches to measuring areas of geographic atrophy (GA) using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT).

METHODS:

Fifty eyes with GA were imaged with an SD-OCT instrument. OCT fundus images and sub– retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) slab images were generated. Three graders manually drew the GA boundaries on both en face images. An automated algorithm was used to segment the GA boundaries from the sub-RPE slabs.

RESULTS:

The agreement between the three manual measurements on both OCT fundus images (ICC = .998) and sub-RPE slabs (ICC = .999) was excellent. Area measurements from OCT fundus images and sub-RPE slabs were highly correlated. The agreement between manual and automated measurements on the sub-RPE slabs was very good (ICC = .795).

CONCLUSION:

Both OCT fundus images and sub-RPE slab images proved useful for measuring GA in age-related macular degeneration. The automated algorithm typically provided useful measurements of GA area from the sub-RPE slabs.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2013;44:127–132]
Industrias de fundición: aspectos ambientales e indicadores de condición ambiental
Authors: Sosa B. S. , Banda-Noriega R. B. , Guerrero E. M.
Published: March 2013

El empleo de indicadores ambientales es, actualmente, una herramienta que colabora en el proceso de toma de decisiones en la gestión de la administración pública y privada. La falta de antecedentes de Indicadores de Condición Ambiental (ICA) en lo regional y local, la información asociada a la generación de residuos, efluentes y emisiones gaseosas provenientes de la industria de fundición, y la particularidad de encontrar a estas industrias en el ámbito urbano en la ciudad de Tandil, Argentina, orientan el principal objetivo del presente trabajo: la construcción de un conjunto de ICA que proporcionen información sobre el estado del ambiente en relación a este tipo de actividad. El campo de la investigación comprendió el total de industrias de fundición de la ciudad en el periodo marzo – abril de 2010. Se generaron ICA para el recurso, aire (9), suelo (5) y agua (1) con metodología adaptada a cada caso particular.
Implementing Sakai OAE
Authors: Jovanovic Slobodan , Ignjatovic Miroslava
Published: March 2013

Abstractâ??Sakai OAE (Open Academy Environment), former Sakai 3, is the second generation of Sakai CLE (Collaboration and Learning Environment). It was developed with new vision for academic collaboration (collaboration in education and research). They moved from name Sakai 3 because the community thinks this is completely new product category just like Sakai CLE distinguished itself from other LMS. Sakai OAE is not jet another LMS. It has LMS functionality, but it allows community to expand boundaries of one university. This paper explains how to implement Sakai OLE. Content is of primary interest in Sakai OAE. Content creation and use, Creating documents, Course creation, etc., are demonstrated here in this paper.
Mathematics Teachers' Readiness to Integrate ICT in the Classroom: The Case of Elementary and Middle School Arab Teachers in Israel
Authors: Baya'a Nimer F. , Daher Wajeeh M.
Published: March 2013

ICT integration in mathematics education provides mathematics teachers with integrative teaching methods that motivate students learning, support their independent learning and active participation in the discovery of mathematics concepts and topics, and, as a result, helps them have deeper understanding of the mathematical ideas. So, the integration of ICT in the teaching and learning of mathematics, as a result of ICT educational affordances, helps students have better achievement in mathematics. These potentialities of the ICT make its integration in the mathematics classroom a promising practice, but the success of this practice is dependent on various factors, among which are the following: teachers' perceptions of their ability in ICT, teachers' attitudes towards ICT contribution to the mathematics teaching, teachers' attitudes towards ICT contribution to students' mathematics learning, teachers' emotions towards the use of ICT in the mathematics classroom, teachers' feelings of self-esteem and control in the presence of ICT in the mathematics classroom, and teachers' intentions to actually integrate ICT in their teaching. The current research came to verify the readiness of Arab teachers in elementary and middle schools in Israel regarding the integration of ICT in the classroom, and hence its interest in the six above constructs. The research used a questionnaire that included statements related to each one of the above constructs. This questionnaire was administered to 475 Arab teachers in elementary and middle schools in the North, Center and Haifa regions in Israel. The research findings show that more than seventy percent of the participating teachers have positive perceptions of their competence in technology and technology integration in their teaching. Further, they have positive attitudes towards the integration of ICT in teaching and learning and of their self-esteem in the presence of technology, in addition to positive emotions towards this integration. Thus the findings indicate that the teachers are ready for the integration of technology in their teaching, and this readiness is represented not only by the participating teachers' perceptions of and attitudes towards the integration of technology in teaching and learning, but also in their intention to do so.
An Efficient Rescaling Algorithm for Simulating the Evolution of Multiple Elastically Stressed Precipitates
Authors: Barua Amlan K. , Li Shuwang , Feng Hualong , Li Xiaofan , Lowengrub John
Published: March 2013

In this paper, we propose a space-time rescaling scheme for computing the long time evolution of multiple precipitates in an elastically stressed medium. The algorithm is second order accurate in time, spectrally accurate in space and enables one to simulate the evolution of precipitates in a fraction of the time normally used by fixed-frame algorithms. In particular, we extend the algorithm recently developed for single particle by Li et al. (Li, Lowengrub and Leo, J. Comput. Phys., 335 (2007), 554) to the multiple particle case, which involves key differences in the method. Our results show that without elasticity there are successive tip splitting phenomena accompanied by the formation of narrow channels between the precipitates. In presence of applied elastic field, the precipitates form dendrite-like structures with the primary arms aligned in the principal directions of the elastic field. We demonstrate that when the far-field flux decreases with the effective radius of the system, tip-splitting and dendrite formation can be suppressed, as in the one particle case. Depending on the initial position of the precipitates, we further observe that some precipitates grow while others may shrink, even when a positive far field flux is applied.
Technical Note: A novel rocket-based in situ collection technique for mesospheric and stratospheric aerosol particles
Authors: Reid W. , Achtert P. , Ivchenko N. , Magnusson P. , Kuremyr T. , Shepenkov V. , Tibert G.
Published: March 2013

Abstract. A technique for collecting aerosol particles between altitudes of 17 and 85 km is described. Spin-stabilized collection probes are ejected from a sounding rocket allowing for multi-point measurements. Each probe is equipped with 110 collection samples that are 3 mm in diameter. The collection samples are one of three types: standard transmission electron microscopy carbon grids, glass fibre filter paper or silicone gel. Collection samples are exposed over a 50 m to 5 km height range with a total of 45 separate ranges. Post-flight electron microscopy will give size-resolved information on particle number, shape and elemental composition. Each collection probe is equipped with a suite of sensors to capture the probe's status during the fall. Parachute recovery systems along with GPS-based localization will ensure that each probe can be located and recovered for post-flight analysis.
Impact of an abrupt cooling event on interglacial methane emissions in northern peatlands
Authors: Zürcher S. , Spahni R. , Joos F. , Steinacher M. , Fischer H.
Published: March 2013

Abstract. Rapid changes in atmospheric methane (CH4), temperature and precipitation are documented by Greenland ice core data both for glacial times (the so called Dansgaard-Oeschger (D-O) events) as well as for a cooling event in the early Holocene (the 8.2 kyr event). The onsets of D-O warm events are paralleled by abrupt increases in CH4 by up to 250 ppb in a few decades. Vice versa, the 8.2 kyr event is accompanied by an intermittent decrease in CH4 of about 80 ppb over 150 yr. The abrupt CH4 changes are thought to mainly originate from source emission variations in tropical and boreal wet ecosystems, but complex process oriented bottom-up model estimates of the changes in these ecosystems during rapid climate changes are still missing. Here we present simulations of CH4 emissions from northern peatlands with the LPJ-Bern dynamic global vegetation model. The model represents CH4 production and oxidation in soils and transport by ebullition, through plant aerenchyma, and by diffusion. Parameters are tuned to represent site emission data as well as inversion-based estimates of northern wetland emissions. The model is forced with climate input data from freshwater hosing experiments using the NCAR CSM1.4 climate model to simulate an abrupt cooling event. A concentration reduction of ~10 ppb is simulated per degree K change of mean northern hemispheric surface temperature in peatlands. Peatland emissions are equally sensitive to both changes in temperature and in precipitation. If simulated changes are taken as an analogy to the 8.2 kyr event, boreal peatland emissions alone could only explain 23% of the 80 ppb decline in atmospheric methane concentration. This points to a significant contribution to source changes from low latitude and tropical wetlands to this event.
A comparative study of large scale atmospheric circulation in the context of future scenario (RCP4.5) and past warmth (Mid Pliocene)
Authors: Sun Y. , Ramstein G. , Contoux C. , Zhou T.
Published: March 2013

Abstract. The Pliocene climate (3.3 ~ 3.0 Ma) is often considered as the last sustained warm period with close enough geographic configurations compared to the present one and associated with atmospheric CO2 concentration (405 ± 50 ppm) higher than the modern level. It is therefore suggested that the warm Pliocene climate may provide a plausible scenario for the future climate warming with the important advantage, that for mid-Pliocene, many marine and continental data are available. To investigate this issue, we selected RCP4.5 scenario, one of the current available future projections, to compare the pattern of tropical atmospheric response with past warm mid-Pliocene climate. We performed three OAGCM simulations (RCP4.5 scenario, mid-Pliocene and present day simulation) with the IPSL-CM5A model and investigated atmospheric tropical dynamics through Hadley and Walker cell responses to warmer conditions. Our results show that there is a damping of the Hadley cell intensity in the northern tropics and an increase in both subtropics. Moreover, northern and southern Hadley cells expand poleward. The response of Hadley cell is stronger for RCP4.5 scenario than for mid-Pliocene, but in very good agreement with the fact the atmospheric CO2 concentration is higher in future scenario than mid-Pliocene (543 versus 405 ppm). Concerning the response of the Walker cell, we showed that, despite very large similarities, there are also some differences. i.e. the common features are for both scenarios: weakening of the ascending branch, leading to a suppression of the precipitation over the western tropical Pacific. The response of Walker cell is stronger in RCP4.5 scenario than mid-Pliocene but also depicts some major difference as an eastward shift of the rising branch of Walker cell in future scenario compared to the mid-Pliocene. In this paper, we explain the dynamics of the Hadley and Walker cell, and show that despite minor discrepancy, mid-Pliocene is certainly an interesting analogue for future climate changes in the tropical areas.
Integrated hydrological modeling of the North China Plain and implications for sustainable water management
Authors: Qin H. , Cao G. , Kristensen M. , Refsgaard J. C. , Rasmussen M. O. , He X. , Liu J. , Zheng C.
Published: March 2013

Abstract. Groundwater overdraft has caused fast water level decline in the North China Plain (NCP) since the 1980s. Although many hydrological models have been developed for the NCP in the past few decades, most of them deal only with the groundwater component or only at local scales. In the present study, a coupled surface water–groundwater model using the MIKE SHE code has been developed for the entire alluvial plain of the NCP. All the major processes in the land phase of the hydrological cycle are considered in the integrated modeling approach. The most important parameters of the model are first identified by a sensitivity analysis and then calibrated for the period 2000–2005. The calibrated model is validated for the period 2006–2008 against daily observations of groundwater heads. The simulation results compare well with the observations where acceptable values of root mean square error (RMSE) and correlation coefficient (R) are obtained. The simulated evapotranspiration (ET) is then compared with the remote sensing (RS) based ET data to further validate the model simulation. The comparison result with a R2 value of 0.93 between the monthly averaged values of simulated actual evapotranspiration (AET) and RS AET for the entire plain shows a good performance of the model. The water balance results indicate that more than 69% of water leaving the flow system is attributed to the ET component. Sustainable water management analysis of the NCP is conducted using the simulation results obtained from the integrated model. An effective approach to improve water use efficiency in the NCP is by reducing the actual evapotranspiration, and that water-saving technologies based on this approach, such as change of crop rotation types, may be adopted.
Explosive development of winter storm Xynthia over the Southeastern North Atlantic Ocean
Authors: Liberato M. L. R. , Pinto J. G. , Trigo R. M. , Ludwig P. , Ordóñez P. , Yuen D. , Trigo I. F.
Published: March 2013

Abstract. In winter of 2009–2010 Southwestern Europe was hit by several destructive windstorms. The most important was Xynthia (26–28 February 2010), which caused 64 reported casualties and was classified as the 2nd most expensive natural hazard event for 2010 in terms of economic losses. In this work we assess the synoptic evolution, dynamical characteristics and the main impacts of storm Xynthia, whose genesis, development and path were very uncommon. Wind speed gusts observed at more than 500 stations across Europe are evaluated as well as the wind gust field obtained with a regional climate model simulation for the entire North Atlantic and European area. Storm Xynthia was first identified on 25 February around 30° N, 50° W over the subtropical North Atlantic Ocean. Its genesis occurred on a region characterized by warm and moist air under the influence of a strong upper level wave embedded in the westerlies. Xynthia followed an unusual SW–NE path towards Iberia, France and central Europe. The role of moist air masses on the explosive development of Xynthia is analysed by considering the evaporative sources. A lagrangian model is used to identify the moisture sources, sinks, and moisture transport associated with the cyclone during its development phase. The main supply of moisture is located over an elongated region of the subtropical North Atlantic Ocean with anomalously high SST, confirming that the explosive development of storm Xynthia had a significant contribution from the subtropics.
The Contribution of Social Rank and Attachment Theory to Depression in a Non Clinical Sample of Adolescents
Authors: Puissant Sylvia Pinna , Gauthier Jean-Marie , Van Oirbeek Robin
Published: March 2013

This study explores the relative contribution of the overall quality of attachment to the mother, to the father and to peers (Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment scales), the style of attachment towards peers (Attachment Questionnaire for Children scale), the social rank variables (submissive behavior and social comparison), and sex and age variables in predicting the depression score (Center of Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale) on a non-psychiatric sample of 13-18 year old adolescents (n= 225). Results of our integrated model (adjusted R-Square of .50) show that attachment variables (overall quality of attachment to the father and to the mother), social rank variables (social comparison and submissive behavior), age and sex are important in predicting depressive symptoms during adolescence. Moreover, the attachment to peers variables (quality of attachment to peers, secure and ambivalent style of attachment) and sex are mediated by the social rank variables (social comparison and submissive behavior).
Cultural Participation and Tourism Flows: An Empirical Investigation of Italian Provinces
Authors: Borowiecki Karol Jan , Castiglione Concetta
Published: March 2013

The importance of cultural events for attracting tourism has often been posited in research, but rarely tested in relation to non-cultural activities. This paper investigates the association between participation in entertainment activities and tourism flows in Italian provinces, and finds that admission to theatre-type activities increases as the number of domestic tourists rises, whereas admission to museums or concerts rises with an increase in foreign tourists. Admissions to exhibitions and shows demonstrate a positive association with both domestic and international tourists, while non-cultural activities remain statistically insignificant. The results provide empirical support for the existence of a strong relationship between tourism flows and cultural participation. The findings also imply that the demand for entertainment varies depending on the origin of the tourist.
Factors Influencing Rural Tourists' Purchasing Behaviour: Four Types of Direct Farm Markets in South Korea
Authors: Kim Kyung-Hee , Park Duk-Byeong
Published: March 2013

The objective of this study is to identify the factors that influence the purchasing behaviour of rural tourists in relation to four types of direct farm markets in South Korea: pick-your-own markets, on-farm markets, farmers' markets and online markets after visitation. The estimation results obtained from a binomial logistic regression model were used to identify the characteristics of those tourists most likely to opt for each type of direct farm market. A field survey was used to collect data from 437 visitors to rural areas in South Korea. The results show that various factors differentially affect tourists' decisions to visit specific areas or to visit each type of direct farm market. The findings indicate that the people most likely to buy in pick-your-own markets tend to be wealthier or male, whereas married women and people who live in metropolitan areas are more likely to visit on-farm markets.
A FORMAÇÃO CONTINUADA DO DOCENTE NO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL
Authors: Santos Hellen Thaís dos , Rosa Marcelo Vinícius Creres , Preti Fátima Regina , Scheide Tereza de Jesus Ferreira , Tomiazzi Everton , Brito Maria Cristina Ponçano , Caseiro Sandra Regina
Published: March 2013

This articlepresentstheresultsof thesurveyconducted amongelementary school teachersbelongingtoPirapozinhoDivisionMunicipal, State of SaoPaulo. Thestudyaimed toidentifytheunderstandingof aspectsofcontinuing educationin the face ofinitial trainingfrom the perspectiveof teachers. As a result, was consideredtheneed for continued educationandhas beenproposedasthe discussionofin-service
AS RELAÇÕES INTERPESSOAIS NA SALA DE AULA E A BRINQUEDOTECA ESCOLAR
Authors: Silva Deise Caroline Rodrigues da , Wiezzel Andréia Cristiane Silva
Published: March 2013

This work comes to present the partial results of a research and extension project called Interpersonal Relations and Contributions at the Dynamic Classroom, conducted by students and teachers in the FCT-UNESP at Presidente Prudente –São Paulo. The project involved studying interpersonal relationships among children attending kindergarten in a public school in the county. Aspects related to excessive timidity and aggression are investigated by researchers, who accompany the children in toy/play activitiesin school. The project seeks also to investigate the aggressiveness and shyness, to provide grants to teachers and parents on how they deal with childrens conflicts and also help children relate better within the school environment
FOSFÁT A PELOKARBONÁT Z PELITŮ PODSLEZSKÉ JEDNOTKY NA STAVBĚ SILNICE R48 U FRÝDKU-MÍSTKU, ČESKÁ REPUBLIKA
Authors: Matýsek Dalibor , Bubík Miroslav
Published: March 2013

Two samples of concretions from Maastrichtian and Paleocene grey clays/claystones of the Subsilesian Unit near Frýdek-Místek two samples of concretions were studied. The sample from the Paleocene/Eocene clays of the Frýdek Formation is phosphate nodule composed of highly prevailing amount of fluorapatite, low content of quartz and small amount of chlorite, muscovite and accessories. The phosphate nodules may be in fact coprolites. The sample from the Maastrichtian Frýdek Formation is sedimentary siderite (pelosiderite) with trace content of calcite.
KORELACE VELKOMORAVSKÝCH MALT, NEDOPALU A VÁPENCŮ Z LOKALITY BŘECLAV-POHANSKO S VÁPENCI VYTIPOVANÉ PROVENIENCE
Authors: Gregerová Miroslava , Všianský Dalibor , Kurdíková Ludmila
Published: March 2013

The paper gives an overview of identification possibilities of limestones source used for lime burning in the Břeclav-Pohansko archaeological site based on their chemical composition and comparison with mortars. Limestones from three sites were examined: Skalica, Holíč, Hlohovec and Pálava hill. The chemical compositions of limestones were compared with composition of mortars and thermally undecomposed limestones from mortars. Hlohovec was excluded as a source site based on the results.