bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A literature review on various etiological factors and management of gag reflex in prosthodontics
Authors: Suri Nikita , Malik Shefali Singh , Kaur Kuldip , Jangra Diksha , Kaur Rajnish , Sonik Aashish
Published: April 2022

Gagging is a normal physiological reflex action to restrict the entry of any foreign body through the oral cavity. Gagging is a physiological process, but sometimes it is precipitated by some other factors like while making impression of the dentulous or edentulous patient, patient may gag by the sensation of touch of impression tray or by the impression material, sometimes gag precipitates by just watching other person gagging during any dental procedure.
A split mouth comparative study to evaluate the efficacy of gingival depigmentation using conventional scalpel and electro surgery: A case series
Authors: Pal Debarghya , Gao Mingkiam , Ganguly Rajashree , Chakraborty Abhijit
Published: April 2022

Melanin pigmentation of the gingiva causes gums to appear darker, which can cause a huge esthethic difference, and lead to patient’s consciousness. This is the reason for the demand of cosmetic therapy. Hence, the study aims to do a comparative study by split mouth technique and to evaluate the differences in the efficacy of gingival depigmentation using conventional scalpel and electro surgical technique.

Two patients who were not esthetically pleased with the color of gingiva were selected. A randomized, split-mouth, depigmentation procedure was performed using surgical scalpel and electrosurgery method.

No bleeding was reported on the side of the patients treated with electrosurgery. Mild pain was reported on the side of the patients treated with surgical scalpel, whereas none was reported in electrosurgery half. No significant difference was observed for both treatment techniques in terms of wound healing, reappearance of gingival pigmentation, and intensity of the same at the end of 3 and 6 months post-surgically.

Similar outcomes were observed for both the techniques. Patients resulted in no recurrence up until 6 months. Hence, further studies should be done to know the underlying mechanisms.
Estimation of Thrombocytopenia in Patients of COVID-19 in a Tertiary Care Centre as a Prognostic marker
Authors: Rajyaguru Devangana , Bajaj Preeti , Soneta Gayatri , Gupta Aakash
Published: April 2022

Introduction: Severe COVID-19 can lead to critical illness, with Acute Respiratory Distress (ARDS) and Multi-organ Failure (MOF) as its primary complications, eventually followed by intravascular coagulopathy. Haematological changes are common in patients with COVID-19, which include reduced lymphocyte count and platelet count but normal white blood cell count and prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time. Using a simple test like platelet count for assessing the risk of mortality and early identification of severe cases will help in preventing the life threatening complications in patients of COVID-19. Aims and Objectives: To study trends of thrombocytopenia in patients of COVID-19 and to study the correlation between thrombocytopenia and severity of cases of COVID-19. Materials and Methods: The study was carried out in Central Clinical Laboratory in a tertiary care centre. A total of 138 random subjects who were admitted in the COVID ICU were included after they satisfied the eligibility criteria. The CBCs were analyzed on the Beckmann Coulter automated cell count analyzer with EDTA samples obtained from peripheral venipuncture of the patients. Platelet trends over the three samples were studied. Results: An average of all three platelets counts for the patients revealed an overall decreasing trend in cases of non survivors, whereas an overall upward trend was noted in the survivors. A total of 79 patients showed thrombocytopenia (platelet count less than 1.5 lakhs/mm3), during at least one of the tests.46 (33.33%) of these patients succumbed, whereas 33 (23.9%) patients survived. Decreasing trends or overall decreasing trends (Increasing then decreasing) were observed in larger number of non survivors as compared to survivors. Also increasing or overall increasing trends (decreasing then increasing) were common in the survivors. Discussion: Hematological changes are common in SARS patients. For thrombocytopenia, the possible mechanisms of SARS-CoV associated thrombocytopenia may include, 1. Direct infection of megakaryocytes and platelets potentially, inducing cell apoptosis and growth inhibition and/or 2. Immune damage of megakaryocyte progenitor cells or platelets; In addition, the lung damage in SARS patients may also play a role in inducing thrombocytopenia. Conclusion: In this study, we found that platelet count may be a simple, economic, rapid and commonly available laboratory parameter that could straightforwardly discriminate between COVID patients with and without severe disease, while the study of serial platelets counts as trends could help identifying those with a serious risk of mortality.
Study of Functional Outcome of Posterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion Technique with Implant in Degenerative Spondylolisthesis at L4 and L5 Level
Authors: Harkar Vishal Gautam , Agarwal Mukesh , Devasthali Kaustubh Satish , Chudasama Vishwesh Devendrasinh , Zade Shubham Siddheshwar
Published: April 2022

Background: Lumbar interbody fusion is the most reliable fusion technique currently available for the lumbar spine as these constructs are biomechanically stronger, provide axial support with less graft subsidence or collapse comparing to those with posterolateral arthrodesis, and produce a better biologic fusion in lordotic alignment1, 2. Aims and Objectives: To study functional outcome of posterior lumbar interbody fusion technique with implant in degenerative spondylolisthesis at L4 and L5 level. Materials and Methods: The study was carried on 34 patients enlisting in the casualty or inpatient department of orthopaedics at a medical college and tertiary health care centre. Only those patients satisfying the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included in the study. All the patients were explained about the surgical procedure, the purpose of the study and Informed consent was taken. Results: As per Japanese Orthopaedic Association score, Normal results were observed in none of the cases while grade I, II and III was observed in 73.5%, 20.6% and 5.9% cases. Post-op results were observed as normal in 64.7% while Grade I, II and III was observed in 32.4% and 2.9% cases respectively (p<0.01). Conclusion: Present study concluded that although, long-term role of deformity correction and restoration of lumbar spinal balance in cases of spondylolisthesis is yet to be determined, the current study appears to indicate that satisfactory radiological correction of degenerative focal sagittal deformity can be achieved with the insert and-rotate PLIF technique. There appeared to be high levels of patient satisfaction in this relatively short-term study and low levels of complications. Longer-term and comparative clinical outcome studies are required.
Study of Clinical Profile and Outcome in Patients of Alcohol Induced Chronic Liver Disease with Hepato Renal Syndrome
Authors: Shweta Khopde , Neelima Chafekar , Madhuri Kirloskar
Published: April 2022

Background: Decompensated Chronic liver disease and cirrhosis are frequently complicated with renal dysfunction and this combination, called Hepato-Renal Syndrome (HRS) leads to significant morbidity and mortality. Acute renal dysfunction occurs in 15% to 25% of hospitalized patients with cirrhosis. The annual frequency of Hepato-renal syndrome(HRS) in cirrhotic patients with ascites is roughly 8% and, in some reports, as high as 40%.The observation that morbidity and mortality remain high once the syndrome is established has led to a focus on the prevention and early therapy of renal dysfunction in patients with cirrhosis. Hepato-renal syndrome (HRS) is a serious complication of liver cirrhosis with critically poor prognosis. Rapid diagnosis and management are important, since recent treatment modalities including vasoconstrictor therapy can improve short-term outcome and buy time for liver transplantation, which can result in complete recovery. Recognizing the trait about chronic alcoholism in a patient, counselling by doctor about avoidance of alcohol, & early recognition of progression to CLD by investigations may be helpful in preventing this complication. Aims and Objectives: To study clinical profile, assess the course and severity and outcome of patients admitted with alcohol induced chronic liver disease with hepato-renal syndrome. Methodology: A prospective (observational), hospital based study was carried out in 57 patients who met our inclusion criteria. Results: The study population's most common age group was between 36 and 45 years (33.3%), 46 to 55 years (24.6%), and more than 55 years (22.8%) with the mean age of 43 + 7.8 years amongst study population with a male predominanace (87.7%), Icterus and ascitis (100%) followed by Flapping tremors (98.25%), Oliguria (82.5%), Edema Feet (73.68%), Altered sensorium (66.7%) and Abdominal Distension (59.65%) were the commonest clinical features. History of alcohol intake for more than 10 years (61.4%) followed by less than 10 years (38.6%) and most of them were heavy drinkers (>4 drinks per day) (44.2%) while moderate and light drinkers (2-4 drinks/day and 1-2 drinks/day ) were 32.7% and 23.1% respectively. Previous history of admissions due to similar or related illness was observed in 78.9% of study population. Most of our patients had Type I HRS (75.4%) followed by Type II (24.53%). In our study, death was occurred in all patients with worsened hepatic and renal dysfunction (100%) and the difference was statistically significant. Conclusion: Hepato Renal Syndrome is a major decompensation in advanced alcohol induced liver cirrhosis with a high short-term mortality rate.
Study of Incidence and Prevalence of Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy in Type II Diabetes Mellitus by Bedside Screening Techniques at a Tertiary Care Centre
Authors: Nigoo Karishma Anil , Chafekar Neelima , Kirloskar Madhuri
Published: April 2022

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus commonly leads to peripheral neuropathy in patients with chronically high blood sugar levels. Diabetic peripheral neuropathy leads to numbness, loss of sensation or may have extremely painful symptoms. In some patients there might be marked neuropathic deficit which may be unnoticed. Objectives: Hence to evaluate patients with diabetes mellitus helps in early screening of peripheral neuropathy. Methodology: This involves using the bedside screening techniques like monofilament test, biothesiometer, tuning fork test and diabetic symptom and examination questioner. Results: Diabetic neuropathy was most commonly present in poor control of diabetes (67%) followed by fair control (24%) and good control (9%). It was observed that severity of peripheral neuropathy was related with blood sugar. With high frequency of patients leading to diabetic peripheral neuropathy the observation is that morbidity remains high in such patients. Conclusion: Diabetic peripheral neuropathy is a major complication of diabetes mellitus. Rapid diagnosis and management are important, since recent modalities include like tricyclic antidepressants or anticonvulsants and optimal glycemic control can improve outcome of these patients. Early diagnosis of diabetic peripheral neuropathy is considered at risk of foot ulcerations and must receive preventive education and care.
Comparison Between Propofol and Etomidate in General Anaesthesia as Induction Agents at a Tertiary Care Centre
Authors: Koshire Alka Rajesh , Godse Amala Anirudha , Phulkar Sarita , Pawar Hemant
Published: April 2022

Aims: To compare hemodynamic changes occurring due to Propofol and Etomidate during general anesthesia as induction agents at a Tertiary Care Centre. Materials and Methods: 68 Adult ASA1 and ASA 2 Patients undergoing elective surgeries under gender anaesthesia in the department of Anaesthesia, Medical college and tertiary health care Centre after considering and satisfying the inclusion and exclusion criteria were selected and divided in two equal groups. They were given Propofol (2mg/kg) and Etomidate (0.3mg/kg) and hemodynamics were compared. Results: Etomidate was having more stable hemodynamic conditions as compared to Propofol induced anaesthesia. There was significant reduction in heart rate and blood pressure leading to hypotension in propofol group while etomidate group had stable hemodynamics. Conclusion: This study concludes that etomidate is a better agent for induction than propofol in view of hemodynamic stability.
Screening of Newborn by Pulse Oximetry at Birth for the Critical Congenital Heart Disease
Authors: Sonawane Ravindra S. , Shah Ripal Dipak , Sonawane Sagar , Gaikwad Rajendra
Published: April 2022

Background: Early diagnosis of congenital heart disease is important for a good clinical outcome. Unrecognized or delayed diagnosis of some severe congenital heart diseases can lead to cardiac failure, cardiovascular collapse, and even death. Pulse oximetry screening (POS) in newborns has been shown to enhance the detection of critical congenital heart disease (CCHD). Clinical evaluation is likely to miss the diagnosis in first few hours of hospital stay after birth due to absence of signs and symptoms of CCHD. In the absence of clinical findings during early neonatal period, the best parameter that can be assessed, is the detection of hypoxemia by pulse oximetry screening. Aims and Objectives: Usefulness of pulse oximetry in newborn for early detection of Critical Congenital Heart Disease (CCHD). Material and Methods: This Prospective Observational Study was conducted on 125 newborn babies in postnatal ward at tertiary care centre for a period of 2 years satisfying the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Evaluation was done between 24 to 48 hours of birth with pulse oximeter. Institutional ethics committee permission was taken prior to study. Results and Conclusion: Total 125 neonates were screened by pulse oximeter, 2 were detected to have positive screen for Congenital Heart Disease (CHD) of which 1 had CCHD confirmed by echocardiography. Study revealed that Pulse Oximetry screening can be an important screening tool in routine neonatal care for early detection of CCHD.
Comparison of Intubating Conditions in Patients Induced with Succinylcholine, Atracurium and Priming with Atracurium
Authors: Phulkar Sarita , Parikh Ravisha Yatish , Pawar Hemant
Published: April 2022

Background: This was a comparative observational study to compare the intubating conditions in patients posted for elective surgeries under general anaesthesia using succinylcholine, atracurium or priming with atracurium. Depolarizing muscle relaxant, frequently used for rapid sequence endotracheal intubation, has serious complications that occur intermittently, such as, hyperkalemia, increased intraoccular pressure and sudden cardiac arrest. So the priming principle, i.e., the administration of a subparalyzing dose of a nondepolarizing muscle relaxant (priming dose) prior to the intubating dose, was developed for rapid sequence endotracheal intubation with nondepolarizing muscle relaxant. This study compares the intubating conditions using a depolarizing muscle relaxant, a nondepolarizing muscle relaxant and priming with a nondepolarizing muscle relaxant. Methodology: Total 114 patients scheduled for elective surgeries were allocated into 3 groups. We assessed the intubating conditions with jaw relaxation, position of vocal cords, response to intubation (coughing, straining or muscular movements), haemodynamic response to intubation and number and strength of twitches to train of four stimuli just before intubation. Results: All the patients in different study groups were comparable in terms of age, sex, ASA status. The mean SBP, DBP was statistically significantly higher in Group B as compared to Group C group and Group A from 1 minute after intubation till after extubation. Good jaw relaxation was most commonly observed in group A (100%) as compared to group C (31%) and group B (17.5%) and the difference was statistically significant. Open vocal cord was most commonly observed in group A (100%) as compared to group C (75%) and group B (23%) and the difference was statistically significant. Severe coughing was most commonly observed in group B (17.5%) as compared to group C (0%) and group A (0%) and the difference was statistically significant. Severe muscular movements was most commonly observed in group B (21%) as compared to group C (0%) and group A (0%) and the difference was statistically significant.1,2,3 twitch was most commonly observed in group B (100%) as compared to group C (77.5%) and group A (56%) and the difference was statistically significant. Increase in BP and pulse > 20% of basal values was most commonly observed in group B (42%) as compared to group C (0%) and group A (0%) and the difference was statistically significant. Excellent to good scoring was most commonly observed in group A (100%) as compared to group C (92.5%) and group B (25%) and the difference was statistically significant. Conclusion: Succinylcholine is still the ideal choice for rapid sequence induction. Priming with atracurium can be used as an efficient alternative when succinylcholine is contraindicated.
Management of Impacted Permanent Canine on Upper Jaw with Surgical Exposure: A Case Report
Authors: Hanita Imelda Sp. Perio Drg.
Published: April 2022

Background: An impacted tooth is often left unidentified due to the lack of symptoms. It is generally found when the patient is examined by a dentist. The maxillary canine should be retained for strength masticatory functions, esthetics and child development.
Purpose: To report the treatment options of impacted canine in a 12-year-old girl.
Case Report: A 12-year-old girl presented to Kertosono General Hospital with the complaint that her upper left permanent canine had not erupted and had no history of pain. Panoramic radiograph showed the impacted position of vertical tooth 23. The shift sketch technique radiograph indicated the impacted canine located at the buccal site. Surgical exposure to the upper left maxillary canine was performed, followed by orthodontic treatment to direct tooth position into an occlusal line. A fixed orthodontic appliance used, which was a roth bracket with a straight wire technique. After surgery and orthodontic treatment, tooth 23 was in normal occlusion.
Conclusion: Surgical exposure followed by orthodontic treatment can be performed successfully with special consideration to the patient’s age, dental space, location of dental crowns, dental inclination, apical root form of the impacted tooth and patient cooperation.
Keywords: impaction, surgical exposure, orthodontics, fixed appliance
Crown Lengthening Surgery for Treating Asymmetric Gingiva: A Case Report
Authors: Septnina Primasari Veronica
Published: April 2022

Background: The aesthetic appearance of gingiva is influenced by color, contour, interdental papilla and location of gingival margin. Crown lengthening is one of the surgical procedures performed to improve aesthetic problems. It can be performed by gingivectomy, with or without alveolar bone removal (osteotomy) to obtain a good crown and root ratios.
Objective: To obtain better crown and root ratios, resulting in more aesthetic smile.
Case Report: A 24-year-old woman presented with a complaint that the length of her anterior maxilla teeth was different. Extraoral examination showed a symmetric face with no abnormalities and the patient did not have a systemic disease. Intraoral examination showed that the gingival margins between teeth 11 and 21 was asymmetric, consistency of the gingiva was normal, there was no sign of inflammation and the pocket depth was 2–3 mm. The patient was given scaling in the first phase, and then the alignment of gingival margins of teeth 11–13 with teeth 21–23 was measured. Gingivectomy was performed on teeth 21–23 using scalpel no. 11, gingival contour was formed and the periodontal pack was applied.
Results: The patient reported no complaints at the one-week follow-up and the gingival margin looked symmetrical one-month post-surgery.
Conclusion: Crown-lengthening surgery with a gingivectomy procedure gives a good aesthetic result, in this case, characterized by a symmetrical gingival margin.
Keywords: crown lengthening, gingivectomy, gingival aesthetics
Frenectomy and Gingival Depigmentation as a Preliminary Preparation for Orthodontic Treatment: A Case Report
Authors: . Azizah , Mappangara Surijana , . Supiaty , Raodah Juanita Ramadhan Siti , Madjid Fatmawati
Published: April 2022

Background: High attachment of labial frenulum causes central diastema and obstructs the movement of orthodontic devices. A surgical approach is needed in the form of frenectomy to improve the attachment of the frenulum. The presence of gingival hyperpigmentation due to excessive deposition of melanin is also an aesthetic problem. This hyperpigmented and uneven appearance of gum color can be corrected by ablation procedures, one of which is by using a scalpel scraping technique.
Objective: To discuss the procedure for frenectomy and gingival depigmentation in preparation for further orthodontic treatment.
Case Report: An 18-year-old woman was referred from the Department of Orthodontics to the Department of Periodontia, Hasanuddin University Dental and Oral Hospital, with the chief complaint of central diastema and hyperpigmented gum. The patient was planned to receive orthodontic treatment and was also disturbed by the darker color of her gums. The patient had no family history of hyperpigmented gums, smoking or consuming drugs. There was a high attachment of the frenulum, categorized as papillapenetrating type, and gingival hyperpigmentation was caused by intrinsic factor, which based on DOPI was classified as grade 3. The surgery was done in two steps. Gingival depigmentation was done one week after the frenectomy procedure.
Results: The results of the treatment showed improved adhesion of the frenulum and eliminated gingival hyperpigmentation.
Conclusion: Frenectomy and gingival depigmentation improved the patient’s appearance and frenectomy allowed preparation for further orthodontic treatment.
Keywords: gingival hyperpigmentation, central diastema, frenectomy, orthodontic treatment
Management of Fibrous Hyperplasia in Geriatric Patient with Hypertension: A Case Report
Authors: Dwipa A Gustivanny , Thahir Hasanuddin , Oktawati Sri , Farwiany Syafar Ira , Yudin Muhammad
Published: April 2022

Background: Fibrous hyperplasia or epulis fissuratum is a name related to reactive tissue response to chronic irritation and trauma caused by dentures that are not properly attached. Persistent trauma to the oral mucosa can cause a carcinoma. The treatment management of epulis fissuratum becomes very challenging for geriatric patients.
Objective: To discuss the treatment of fibrous hyperplasia in geriatric patients with a history of hypertensive disease.
Case Report: A 63-year-old woman with a history of hypertension presented to the Periodontia Department of Hasanuddin University Dental and Oral Health Hospital with complaints of swollen gingiva, the enlargement beginning ±6 months prior. Clinical examination showed a gingiva 4×1×0.6 cm in diameter along the alveolar linger ridge of the right lower jaw. The inflammation in the gingiva was suspected to be fibrous hyperplasia/epulis fissuratum. The treatment procedure performed was excision of the epulis and administration of cyanoacrylate.
Results: One week and one month postoperatively, a good healing process and excellent result with no more gingival enlargement were reported.
Conclusion: The management of fibrous hyperplasia with prevention strategies as well as excision and administration of cyanoacrylate is an effective procedure for bleeding control and to accelerate healing in geriatric patients with a history of hypertension.
Keywords: epulis fissuratum, fibrous hyperplasia, geriatric, hypertension
Periodontal Treatment in Patients with Perio-Endo Lesions: A Case Report
Authors: Wahyu Putri Sri , Mappangara Surijana , Gani Asdar , Pamungkas Sigit Nardiatmo Sri , Dwipa A Gustivanny
Published: April 2022

Background: Periodontal tissue and pulp are interconnected anatomically. In some circumstances, the inflammation may extend from the periodontal region to the pulp or vice versa. In perio-endo lesions, an appropriate treatment plan is required to obtain a predictable and reliable treatment prognosis. The development and progression of these perio-endo lesions can be influenced by many factors such as bacteria, fungi, viruses, trauma, root resorption, perforation and dental malformations. An appropriate treatment plan for perio-endo lesions can provide a good prognosis.
Objective: To describe periodontal treatments performed in patients with perio-endo lesions.
Case Report: A 39-year-old man presented to Hasanuddin University Dental and Oral Hospital with a chief complaint of uncomfortable left posterior maxillary teeth during mastication. Clinical examination showed vital, non-caries, pocket depth of ±9mm on tooth 26. Radiographic examination showed a radiolucent lesion that extended to the apically. Regenerative periodontal treatment was performed using a combination of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) with demineralized freeze-dried bone xenograft (DFDBX).
Results: During the observation period, pocket depth was reduced, and the pain was absent.
Conclusion: Periodontal inflammation that extends to the pulp tissue can be prevented by regenerative periodontal treatment using a combination of PRF and DFDBX, which shows promising results.
Keywords: endo-perio lesions, periodontal regenerative, periodontal surgery
Frenectomy as a Multidisciplinary Prostho--Perio Management Approach for Partial Denture: A Case Report
Authors: Etriyani Nir , Irawaty Djais Arni , Mardiana Adam , Raja Nurhadijah , Rukmana Andriani
Published: April 2022

Background: The frenulum is defined as a thin membrane attached to the alveolar mucosa and periosteum which limits lip movement. The attachment of frenulum may influence prosthetic construction in denture making.
Objective: To describe frenectomy in prostho–perio cases for the manufacture of partial dentures.
Case Report: A 38-year-old woman presented to the Prosthodontic Department of Hasanuddin University Dental and Oral Hospital for an artificial tooth implant. The patient was referred to the periodontic department by a prosthodontist for frenectomy. Intraoral examination showed a high frenulum from the alveolar crest to the labial mucosa of the upper jaw. The patient had no history of hypersensitivity and was diagnosed with gingival frenal attachment. Surgical excision was performed, and frenulum tissue was excised, which was followed by irrigation and suturing.
Results: The control period of one week post treatment showed good outcomes when the patient was referred to the prosthodontist.
Conclusion: Frenectomy helps in preparing denture placement in high frenulum cases.
Keywords: frenulum, frenectomy, prospective surgery
Aesthetic Periodontal Surgical Approach for Preparing Direct Veneer: A Case Report
Authors: Yudin Muhammad , Thahir Hasanuddin , R Nahusona Donald , Rezdy Asalui Trisantoso , Eka Satya Dian
Published: April 2022

Background: Gingival enlargement is caused by cervical dental plaque accumulation and worsened by cervical caries. Gingivectomy, gingivoplasty and ablation procedures are the surgical techniques used to improve the aesthetics and physiologic functions of hyperpigmented fibrotic gingival tissues.
Objective: To provide aesthetic satisfaction to patients treated for direct veneer restoration.
Case Report: A 19-year-old male patient came to RSGM UNHAS with a chief complaint of caries on the right maxillary incisors, extending from labial to cervical sections, showing gingival enlargement of the teeth. Intraoral examination revealed caries and gingival enlargement with uneven gingival color. Gingivectomy, gingivoplasty and ablation were performed on the patient using a scalpel, then direct veneer restorations were performed.
Results: The two-week control period showed reduction in gingival enlargement and uniform gingival color.
Conclusion: A periodontal aesthetic surgy in the form of gingivectomy, gingivoplasty, and ablation maximizes esthetic results.
Keywords: ablation, direct veneer, gingivectomy, gingivoplasty
Gingivectomy as a Supportive Therapy in Orthodontic Treatment of Bilateral Cleft Lip and Palate Patient: A Case Report
Authors: Ifadah Ifadah , Komara Ira
Published: April 2022

Background: One of the congenital malformation in the early phase of embryogenesis is cleft lip and/or palate that need multidisciplinary treatment in dentistry. Although surgery is performed in the first few months of life, advanced treatment is needed sometimes in the growth age, such as orthodontic, periodontic and esthetic treatment.
Objective: To describe a gingivectomy procedure to support orthodontic treatment in bilateral cleft lip and palate patient.
Case Report: A 13-year-old boy was referred from the orthodontic department with complaints of enlargement in maxillary anterior gingiva teeth, blocking the placement of the orthodontic device. Patient’s examination showed bilateral cleft lip and palate, plaque score 35%, bleeding on probing 73%, dental agenesis on teeth 12 and 22, and gingival enlargement on regions 13–23. The aim of gingivectomy, in this case, was to eliminate pockets, restore physiologic gingival contour and facilitate the placement of the orthodontic device.
Results: Clinical evaluation after gingivectomy showed satisfying results in reducing the pocket depth.
Conclusion: Gingivectomy is effective in supporting the orthodontic treatment for cleft lip and/or palate patient.
Keywords: cleft lip, cleft palate, gingival enlargement, gingivectomy, orthodontic treatment
Periodontal--Restorative Approach for Treating Non-Carious Cervical Lesions With Multiple Gingival Recessions: A Case Report
Authors: Tjokro Jennifer , Oktawati Sri , Thahir Hasanuddin , Pamungkas Sigit Nardiatmo Sri , Rahayu Feblina Ayu
Published: April 2022

Background: Non-carious cervical lesions (NCCLs) are commonly associated with multiple gingival recessions. These cases cause aesthetic issues, dentin hypersensitivity and increased plaque accumulation. Therefore, they require multidisciplinary treatments. Zucchelli proposed the combined periodontal–restorative approach using envelope coronally advanced flap (CAF) in managing multiple gingival recessions with NCCLs.
Objective: This case report highlights the effectiveness of Zucchelli’s modified envelope CAF in combination with a restorative approach for the treatment of multiple Miller class- III gingival recessions with type-3 NCCLs.
Case Report: Zucchelli’s approach was used to determine maximum root coverage (MRC). Restorative treatments in covering the NCCLs were limited to 1 mm apical to the calculated MRC. Modified envelope CAF was performed with full and partial thickness flap. After root exposure, root planning was done and restorative finishing was performed to acquire the ideal restorative finish line without marginal overhanging. Root surfaces were conditioned for 2 min. Adjacent interdental papillae were deepithelialized, and the flap was repositioned and secured using sling sutures to establish a tight seal, allowing the clot between the root concavity and the flap to mature. Periodontal dressing was applied.
Results: After 12 days, healing was uneventful with good aesthetic and functional results. Complete root coverage according to MRC predictions was obtained, and periodontal health was normal.
Conclusion: Zucchelli’s modified envelope CAF with restorative approach shows good outcomes in treating multiple gingival recessions with NCCLs, given the correct determination of MRC.
Keywords: gingival recession, periodontal plastic surgery, root coverage
Is Conventional Management of Hyperpigmentation Still the Best Choice? -- A Case Report
Authors: Sopiatin Siti , Komara Ira , Hendiani Ina
Published: April 2022

Background: A normal gingiva is generally “salmon” pink in color. Varying degrees of brownish pigmentation in gingiva may be seen in Blacks (seldom also in Caucasians). Those who exhibit gingival hyperpigmentation face aesthetic problems.
Objective: To describe the treatment of gingival hyperpigmentation in a 29-yearold male attending the Department of Periodontics Clinic, Universitas Padjadjaran, exhibiting excessive staining on the gums of the right to left canine region of the upper and lower jaw.
Case Report: This gingival hyperpigmentation case was managed through a conventional method of using scalpel.
Results: Gingiva that had excessive staining in this case was eliminated and exhibited good aesthetic.
Conclusion: The conventional management of gingival hyperpigmentation is still the best choice to solve an aesthetic problem with a simpler and safer technique, and at more affordable costs.
Keywords: gingival hyperpigmentation, gum excessive staining, conventional gingival surgery
Replantation of Anterior Avulsed Teeth: A Case Report
Authors: Hadriyanto Wignyo , Widyastuti Andina , Wardani Lukita , Nari Ratih Diatri , Bernadeti Sri Widayanto Prisca , Surya Antonius
Published: April 2022

Background: Tooth avulsion is described as a displacement of the tooth from its socket. Replantation on an avulsion permanent dentition is a condition that needs immediate treatment. Replantation of the avulsed tooth can be done in a span of less than 12 hr. Avulsion of tooth may occur due to trauma. Factors that determine healing after replantation are media storage, periodontal tissue damage, extra-alveolar period and intact alveolar socket. The main goal of the replantation is to maintain and treat the periodontal tissue and alveolar contour, and thus retain the dentition for esthetic condition.
Objective: To find out the effectiveness of replantation for preserving avulsion of tooth.
Case Report: A 42-year-old woman was referred to Universitas Gadjah Mada Dental Hospital with avulsed secondary mandibular incisor (32) after a motorcycle accident that had taken place the night before. The patient was traumatized for more than 12 hr. Based on the clinical examination, tooth 32 was avulsed. Radiographic examination showed no bone fracture. Root canal treatment was performed, and then replantation was carried out, followed by splinting using archbar. Three months after replantation, clinical and radiographic examinations were performed.
Results: All mandibular incisors were in good condition. The patient showed good result, and even the replantation was done by exceeding the golden period time. The patient was instructed to maintain her oral hygiene.
Conclusion: Immediate treatment of avulsion tooth and the right procedure can affect the success of the treatment. From this viewpoint, replantation is one of the appropriate treatments for preserving avulsion of tooth.
Keywords: avulsed tooth, replantation, splinting
Intracoronal Tooth Splinting Using Fiber-Reinforced Composite and Silicone Palatal Index: A Case Report
Authors: William Handoko Martin , Maria Karina Vincensia
Published: April 2022

Background: Tooth mobility is a common problem in dentistry and usually occurs due to periodontitis. Mobile tooth can often be treated using dental splinting to avoid extraction. Fiber-reinforced composite is widely used to splint tooth, but it is difficult to be placed neatly and interferes mastication. Nowadays, fiber-reinforced splint is placed using silicone palatal index and planned using wax-up methods.
Objective: To illustrate the features and clinical applications of splinting fiber-reinforced composite using silicone palatal index.
Case Report: An elderly female with significant bone loss on the maxillary central incisor on left side was treated. A die cast was shaped and contoured using wax-up method to adjust a good occlusion with the opposite tooth. The silicone palatal index was made using clear polyvinyl siloxane above the wax-up. A fiber-reinforced splint was placed on the palatal surface of the maxillary anterior teeth from 11 to 23 using silicone palatal index.
Results: The silicone palatal index ensured predictable final contour and the position of fiber splint. This method provided promising results to achieve good occlusion and masticatory comfort.
Conclusion: Silicone palatal index represents a useful tool for fiber-reinforced splint on maxillary teeth in periodontally compromised patients. Planned occlusion are necessary to reduce trauma occlusion and risk of breakage.
Keywords: chronic periodontitis, intracoronal splint, fiber-reinforced composite, silicone palatal index
Multidisciplinary Approach for the Management of Localized Gingival Recession with Endodontic Lesion in Aesthetic Zone: A Case Report
Authors: Sari Rezmelia , Kusumawati Indi , Karimah Fauziah , Mulyawati Ema
Published: April 2022

Background: Gingival recession can cause esthetic problems, especially if it occurs in the maxillary anterior region. Gingival recession accompanied by endodontic complications requires a multidisciplinary approach to achieve successful therapy.
Objective: To report the treatment of Miller’s class-III gingival recession using laterally stretched flap + connective tissue graft with frenotomy and apicoectomy in one visit.
Case Report: A healthy 24-year-old man presented with chief complaints of open and painful gums on his left upper front tooth. After objective and radiographic examinations, the diagnosis of tooth 21 was Miller’s class-III gingival recession, that is, plaque and calculus with endo–perio lesions and grade 1 luxation. The treatment given included scaling, root planning, curettage, retreatment of root canal and root coverage therapy with frenotomy and apicoectomy.
Results: The results obtained were partial root coverage of 71.4% and an increase in the thickness of keratinized tissue.
Conclusion: Healing of periodontal tissue damage accompanied by endodontic lesions showed success and obtained stable treatment results with a multidisciplinary approach.
Keywords: Miller’s class-III gingival recession, endodontic lesion, laterally stretched flap, apicoectomy
Aesthetic Crown Lengthening With Anterior Maxillary Osteotomy for Achieving Ideal Clinical Crown Length: A Case Report
Authors: Pramestri Lastianny Sri , Girina Desi Maulida Ekalia
Published: April 2022

Background: A smile, a good harmonization of teeth, alveolar bones and gums inside the oral cavity can improve one’s appearance and self-confidence. Short clinical crowns have become a frequent chief complaint. One of reasons for this is the altered passive eruption.
Objective: To describe the correction of altered passive eruption by performing crown lengthening with an osteotomy to achieve ideal clinical crowns and restore the functions and aesthetics.
Case Report: A 31-year-old man was admitted to the Periodontics Clinic of Rumah Sakit Gigi dan Mulut, Universitas Gadjah Mada Prof. Soedomo, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, with a chief complaint of front teeth looking short. He was diagnosed with an altered passive eruption in connection with a gummy smile. Crown lengthening was performed by gingivectomy technique with osteotomy, and interdental papilla was preserved.
Conclusion: Crown lengthening is an effective treatment in correcting dysfunctions and aesthetics due to altered passive eruption.
Keywords: altered passive eruption, short clinical crowns, crown lengthening procedure, osteotomy, papilla preservation
Aesthetics Crown Lengthening with Anterior Gingival Depigmentation: A Case Report
Authors: Syaify Ahmad , Rohmawati Lina
Published: April 2022

Background: Crown lengthening (CL) is a perio–aesthetic treatment to gain an ideal proportion of teeth and gingiva, and depigmentation is a treatment to treat gingival hyperpigmentation.
Objective: To describe the treatment of altered passive eruption (APE) with CL procedure and gingival depigmentation using a scalpel scraping technique.
Case Report: A 21-year-old man presented with a complaint of short maxillary front teeth and brownish gum. Intraoral examination revealed a disproportionate tooth size and gingival hyperpigmentation in the maxillary and mandibular anterior regions. Crown lengthening and gingival depigmentation procedures were performed in one visit. In gingival depigmentation procedure epithelial tissue was removed from the mucogingival junction up to the interdental papilla. At the one-week follow-up, the gingiva was still reddish. After four weeks, the gingiva healed, and there was no re-pigmentation.
Conclusion: Crown lengthening and gingival depigmentation are perio–aesthetic treatments that improve tooth size and gingival proportion to achieve a better aesthetics.
Keywords: crown lengthening, depigmentation, perio–aesthetic surgery
Depigmentation of Gingival Smoker's Melanosis Using Scalpel Surgical Technique: A Case Report
Authors: Syaify Ahmad , . Sutriyanti
Published: April 2022

Background: Gingival pigmentation not only has an impact on aesthetics but also causes negative psychological effects. Gingival pigmentation is the coloring of the gingiva due to a variety of lesions and disorders caused by various endogenous and exogenous causes. Smoker’s melanosis refers to the pigmentation of the oral mucosa that occurs as a result of tobacco consumption. Gingival depigmentation is a periodontal plastic surgery process that uses a variety of procedures to eliminate hyperpigmentation, including scalpel, cryosurgery, electrosurgery, laser and others.
Objective: To describe surgical procedures that maintain both cosmetic and functional requirements.
Case Report: A 21-year-old man presented with complaints of inflammatory gingival enlargement and Smoker’s pigmentation of the maxillary and mandibular gingival melanosis. Surgical therapy was used to improve the appearance of the patient and avoid plaque retention.
Conclusion: The scalpel approach is one of the most cost-effective methods, requiring only a basic armamentarium. It is highly recommended considering the limitations of equipment and that scalpel wounds heal more quickly than those treated with other techniques.
Keywords: smoker’s melanosis, depigmentation, surgical scalpel technique, periodontal plastic surgery
Full Mouth Debridement With Gingival Curettage a Challenge in Chronic Periodontitis Treatment: A Case Report
Authors: Maria Karina Vincensia , Faizya Widhawati Deniar
Published: April 2022

Background: Chronic periodontitis is a condition of inflammation in periodontal tissue. This condition can be treated by reducing plaque and calculus using full mouth debridement with gingival curettage.
Objective: To reduce inflammation of deep pockets before planning flap surgery.
Case Report: A 49-year-old woman presented with a complaint of bleeding gums and mobility of upper anterior teeth. Probing depths of patient’s upper teeth were at deep measurements and there was also a mobility of grade 1 and 2 with malposition of teeth.
Conclusion: The condition of chronic periodontitis can be treated with full mouth debridement with gingival curettage as a pretreatment before flap surgery.
Keywords: full mouth debridement, gingival curettage, chronic periodontitis
An Examination of Primary School Mathematics Pre-Service Teachers’ Scores in Calculus-I Course According to the Updated Curriculum: The Case of Derivative Concept
Authors: EROL Ramazan , SAYGI Elif , KOYUNCU Mahmut Sami
Published: April 2022

This study aims to examine the change in pre-service teachers’ Calculus-I course passing scores in the undergraduate curriculum of primary school mathematics teaching program through comparing the previous curriculum and the new curriculum updated in 2018. This study is a causal comparison study, as it aims to compare the existing differences. The study group of the research consists of 212 pre-service teachers in primary school mathematics education department at a state university in the Aegean region, Turkey. The data within the scope of the research were obtained from the Calculus-I course midterm and final exams of the pre-service teachers in the previous curriculum (2016-2017 fall and 2017-2018 fall) and in the updated curriculum (2018-2019 fall and 2019-2020 fall). The courses were taught by a single instructor in all semesters, and an interview was conducted with the responsible instructor about the course. In the study, when the effect of the university placement score was held constant, whether the Calculus-I course passing scores differed according to the previous and updated curricula was examined by nonparametric covariance analysis. The study revealed that the average of the university placement scores of the pre-service teachers in the previous and updated curricula was very close to each other, but the average scores of passing the Calculus-I course were statistically higher in the previous curriculum than in the updated one. The main reason for this is thought to be the reduction of the Calculus-I course hours in the new curriculum.
Latîfî Tezkiresine Göre Sultan Şairlerin Özellikleri
Authors: ÜST ERDEM Sibel
Published: April 2022

Tezkireler, şairlerin biyografilerinin anlatıldığı, edebî yönlerinin belirtildiği ve şiirlerinden örneklerin verildiği eserlerdir. Latîfî de XVI. yüzyılda kaleme aldığı eserini Kanuni Sultan Süleyman’a sunmuştur. XVI. yüzyıl Osmanlı Devleti’nin gelişimini tamamladığı, en büyük sınırlara ulaştığı bir zamanı teşkil eder. Dolayısıyla sınırları genişleyen, ekonomik ve siyasi üstünlüğü elinde tutan bir devletin sanatını ne yönde geliştirdiğinin delillerini örnekleri ile barındıran tezkireler oldukça mühimdir. Devletin büyüklüğü ile edebiyatının orantılı bir şekilde yükselişe geçip geçmediğini gösteren bu eserler edebiyat tarihimiz açısından başvuru kaynaklarıdır. Makalede; Rıdvan Canım tarafından doktora tezi olarak çalışılan metin esas alınmıştır. Bu nüshada toplam 334 şair yer alır. Bu şairler arasında II. Murad itibariyle Kanuni Sultan Süleyman’a kadar sultan ve şehzâde şairlerden de bahseder. Çalışmada sultan ve şehzâde şairlere yer verilen bölümler ele alınmış ve Latîfî’nin onları nasıl değerlendirdiği, hangi yönlerini öne çıkardığı üzerinde tartışılmıştır. Yaşadığı dönemde yeterince itibar göremediğinden yakınan Latîfî’nin sultan şairlere nasıl bir bakış açısı sergilediğini tespit etmek çalışmanın esasını oluşturmuştur.
Fiziksel Aktivitelerden Keyif Alma Ölçeği (FAKÖ): Türk Kültürüne Uyarlama, Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması
Authors: ÖZKURT Burhan , KÜÇÜKİBİŞ Hüseyin Fatih , ESKİLER Ersin
Published: April 2022

Bu çalışmada, Mullen ve arkadaşları (2011) tarafından geliştirilen Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale (PACES), “Fiziksel Aktivitelerden Keyif Alma (FAKÖ)” Ölçeği’ni Türkçe’ye ve Türk popülasyonuna uyarlayarak geçerlik ve güvenirliğinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Söz konusu ölçek 8 madde ve tek boyuttan oluşmakta olup 7’li likert tipi derecelendirmeye sahiptir. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu, olasılığa dayalı olmayan örnekleme yöntemlerinden kolayda örnekleme yöntemi ile seçilmiş, yaşları 11 ile 35 arasında değişen (X ̅= 15.92, SS = 4.76), ortaokul (%38.4), lise (%30.1) ve üniversite (%31.5) düzeyinde eğitim gören toplam 1573 öğrenci (%56.6’sı kadın, %43.4’ü erkek) oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın etik kurul izni Sakarya Uygulamalı Bilimler Üniversitesi Sosyal ve Beşeri Bilimler Etik Kurulu Başkanlığının “21.05.2021 tarihli, 09 no'lu toplantısında almış olduğu E-26428519-044-12079 sayılı” kararı ile alınmıştır. Ölçeğin dilsel eşdeğerliliği korelasyon analizi yapılarak incelenmiştir. Ölçeğin faktör yapısını ortaya koymak amacıyla açıklayıcı faktör analizi (AFA) gerçekleştirilmiştir. AFA sonucu elde edilen faktör yapısının doğruluğu için doğrulayıcı faktör analizi (DFA) yapılmıştır. Ölçeğin güvenirliği Cronbach alfa iç tutarlılık katsayısı ve bileşik güvenilirlik değeri hesaplanarak incelenmiştir. Elde edilen bulgulara göre, 8 madde tek boyuttan oluşan Türkçe ölçeğin toplam varyansın %76’sını açıkladığı belirlenmiştir. DFA sonucunda elde edilen uyum indekslerinin kabul edilebilir ve iyi uyum indeksleri arasında yer aldığı (GFI= .98, CFI= .99, TLI= .99 ve RMSEA= .042) görülmüştür. Sonuç olarak, FAKÖ’nün Türkçe formunun geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçüm aracı olarak kullanılabileceği ifade edilebilir.