bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Presipitasi Mixed Hydroxide Precipitate (MHP) dari Ekstraksi Nikel Laterit Sebagai Bahan Baku untuk Pembuatan Baterai : Tinjauan Proses Pembuatannya
Authors: Ninasafitri Ninasafitri , Aris Ayub Pratama , Sukamto Kostiawan
Published: July 2023

Indonesia merupakan salah satu negara yang memiliki cadangan bijih nikel laterit terbesar di dunia. Saat ini bijih nikel laterit berkadar rendah tersebut belum diolah secara maksimal menjadi produk yang bernilai tambah di dalam negeri. Proses ekstraksi yang banyak diterapkan di industri untuk bijih nikel laterit berkadar rendah adalah melalui jalur hidrometalurgi. Produk akhir dari proses hidrometalurgi dapat berupa logam Ni dan Co murni maupun produk antara (intermediate product). Salah satu produk antara yang banyak diproduksi adalah presipitat campuran nikel-kobalt hidroksida atau dikenal sebagai MHP (Mixed Hydroxide Precipitate). Presipitasi nikel hidroksida dari larutan hasil pelindian dilakukan pertama-tama dengan mengekstraksi nikel melalui proses pelindian dalam larutan asam sulfat. Selanjutnya pemisahan besi. Larutan yang sudah dipresipitasi besi-nya, selanjutnya digunakan dalam percobaan presipitasi nikel hidroksida. Presipitasi MHP dilakukan dengan menambahkan MgO atau NH3 sebagai agen penetralisasi. Untuk menghasilkan MHP yang berkualitas tinggi proses pemisahan besi dari larutan hasil pelindian dan presipitasi nikel dan kobalt dari larutan yang telah dipisahkan besinya harus dilakukan pada kondisi tertentu. Beberapa parameter yang harus dipenuhi untuk menghasilkan produk MHP yang berkualitas tinggi yaitu kemurnian larutan umpan, pH, suhu, waktu presipitasi danpenambahan seed.
Integration of cultural data from digital repositories: anoverview of the DPLA Hubs
Authors:   State University of Londrina, Londrina, Triques Maria , Gonçalez Paula ,   Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Albuquerque Ana ,   State University of Londrina, Londrina
Published: July 2023

Introduction: The Digital Public Library of America (DPLA) is an initiative aimed at expanding the reach of its content and the possibilities of improving and using data to generate new knowledge from data integration. The search for integration, however, results in a series of possibilities and challenges for digital repositories, providers and data servers.Objective:To present an overview of the technological solutions underlying data collection and availability from the DPLA partner repositories, named Hubs, to point out aspects of the interoperability opportunities and challenges they face in the search for integrated access. Methodology:This is a bibliographical, qualitative and exploratory research, with analysis based on the discussion found in the literature and the results obtained in the analysis of the platforms. Results: The technological solutions adopted both by the DPLA to collect and aggregate data and by the Hubs, data providers, which use different solutions to aggregate data from the various contributing cultural institutions and provide them to the DPLA, are presented as results. Conclusion:The studyconcluded that despite the technical, semantic and managerial challenges, great efforts have been undertaken to adopt solutions and best practices aimed at the engagement of data providers. Both the Hubs and their contributing institutions present programs to encourage and support digitization and documentation, as well as guidelines to guarantee the quality and legal rights of access to content, which is essential to improve users' experience and multi-dimension the possibilities to transform information into knowledge
The singularities of work in university libraries specialized in health: the reference service in debate
Authors:   Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Junior Gesner , dos Reis Alcenir ,   Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais
Published: July 2023

Introduction: the reference service in university libraries specialized in health has certain singularities due to the characteristicsof the scientific field of the field of Health Sciences, the interface between teaching practices and scientific research, as well as the general profile and demands for information /reliable evidence by academics, professors/researchers and practitioners. Objective: to present and discuss the singularities of the reference service in university libraries specialized in health, as well as the challenges/potentialities of librarianship in this context. Method: The study, of theoretical character, carried out exploratory research with bibliographic research in national and international literature in the area of Librarianship/Information Science. Results: The results obtained indicate that the singularities of the work process in university libraries are determined not only by the idiosyncrasies of health personnel, but, above all, by the fact that human health (physical and mental) is the object of study and practice of area. Conclusion: It is concluded that despite the challenges related to library training in Brazil and the development of desirable and/or required skills/skills for health care, these elements do not constitute an insurmountable obstacle to professional practice with excellence. However, the librarian needs to recognize that such variables are intervening in their professional practice and that the search for improvement/specialization is a pressing demand
A performance literária do contador de causos brasileiro Rolando Boldrin
Authors:   State University of Londrina, Pereira Ana , Bortolin Sueli ,   State University of Londrina, Neto João ,   Universidade Federal do Pará
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Literary performance promotes memory preservation through popular oral narratives, being, therefore, a form of resistance for Brazilian people and our culture. When it is developed using the stories, it becomes fascinating. Despite being an oral narrative that is not always valued, it carries the identity, traits and ways of typically Brazilian characters. Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the literary performance of storyteller Rolando Boldrin, in the TV show Sr. Brasil. Methodology:As for methodological procedures, bibliographic, documentary and oral, descriptive and qualitative research was used. Results:Among the results achieved, we highlight that the stories narrated in Boldrin’s narrated retrieves stories and memories of characters from popular culture. Conclusions:We conclude that the reader-narrator of stories needs to develop skills, among them not to lose the “thread of the skein” at the moment of the narrative, to use voice, body, space and presence, resources to draw attention and awaken the imaginary, the interest and the affective memory of reader-listeners in an engaging and surprising way.
Teachers’ perception of the necessity of applying online applications for organizing teaching activities at high school in Vietnam
Authors: Le Thang Van , Nguyen Ha Le , Nguyen Hung Thanh
Published: July 2023

E-learning has gained popularity as a method of delivering education recently and offers many advantages to enhance the learning experience for students. Technology allows teachers to design more interactive and engaging lessons that cater to different learning styles. It can also provide opportunities for teachers to incorporate virtual simulations and real-time data which can help students better understand complex concepts. The total number of survey samples was 187 teachers. Awareness of the need and purpose of applying information literacy in the organization of teaching activities was created to analyze. The results of the findings were interpreted in three ways: (i) Self-assessment of teachers’ competence in applying technology in organizing teaching activities.  (ii) Awareness of the necessity of using online applications in organizing teaching activities in schools.  (iii) Awareness of the goal of using online applications in the organization of teaching activities. Based on the results of the current study, the article establishes the process of applying online applications in the organization of teaching activities and proposes recommendations for subjects directly related to the application of online applications. High school administrators, teachers and educational management agencies at all levels are using online innovation to organize teaching activities in high schools.
Kedaulatan Negara dalam Kepemilikan Data Digital: Analisis Langkah Strategis Australia Menghadapi Facebook dan Google
Authors: Darmawan Arief Bakhtiar , Saadah Kholifatus , Utama I Putu Arya Aditia
Published: July 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kedaulatan negara dalam ruang siber dengan mengambil studi kasus perselisihan antara Australia dengan Facebook dan Google. Sejak kemunculannya sebagai aktor global pada dekade 1970-an, pertumbuhan perusahaan multinasional yang sangat pesat membuat para akademisi berargumen tentang peran negara yang terus berkurang dalam hubungan internasional. Kemajuan digital saat ini pun tidak lepas dari peran perusahaan multinasional. Tapi penelitian ini membuktikan pengamatan itu tidak sepenuhnya benar. Aktor negara masih memiliki kekuatan dan kedaulatan yang kuat ketika berhadapan dengan perusahaan multinasional raksasa. Penulis berargumen bahwa hal itu mungkin terjadi karena selain keberadaan state sovereignty yang berpengaruh terhadap besarnya kedaulatan negara, terdapat konsep cyber sovereignty yang memungkinkan negara untuk memiliki peran besar dalam era digital. Dalam menganalisis masalah, penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif melalui empat tahapan proses analisis data, yaitu pengumpulan data, reduksi data, presentasi data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemerintah Australia merasa bahwa Facebook dan Google harus membayar konten-konten berita mengenai Australia karena hal itu merupakan hak negara sebagai pemilik data. Kedaulatan siber yang dimiliki negara memungkinkan adanya pengaturan model bisnis pembagian keuntungan yang lebih merata.
Keywords: kedaulatan negara, kedaulatan siber, kekuataan siber, ruang siber
Private Authority: INTERPOL Involvement in Malaysia's Political Case
Authors: Jamili Nur Karimah
Published: July 2023

This paper elaborates on the private authority which is focused on INTERPOL. Private authority is when nonstate actors create laws or norms that other important actors in international politics accept. There are three sources of authority which are market, moral and illicit authority. The aim of INTERPOL’s establishment is to combat international crimes and facilitates international police collaboration and communication. The writer would like to discuss about “does INTERPOL exacerbate or ameliorate interstate conflict?”. The thesis statement is INTERPOL ameliorate interstate conflict through the cooperation between its member states. INTERPOL usually acts as the middleman that provides information needed by the member states and also assists member states in arresting suspects. Through this paper, the writer will also state the case in which INTERPOL involve in Malaysia. This study will focus on the year 2006 until 2017. The year 2006 was chosen as it was the start of the Altantuya Shariibuu’s case and the year 2017 was chosen as it was the latest year the case of 1MDB was discussed. These two cases were high-profile political case in Malaysia as it is said to involve Najib Razak, the former prime minister of Malaysia. Malaysia was chosen because through these two cases we can see the active involvement of INTERPOL as the private authority that helps its member state in solving the crime by offering a hand.
Keywords: international political economy, INTERPOL, Malaysia, member states, private authority
Development of elementary science learning device based on the KKNI curriculum review project based
Authors: Istiqamah Istiqamah , Salihah Siti , Himmah Nurul , Destiara Meyninda
Published: July 2023

Development research is carried out to produce valid project-based Student Worksheets (LKM) from experts. The type of research used is research and development (Research and development or R&D) and the development model used is adapting from the Borg & Gall model stage which is limited to the fourth stage, namely 1. Information Gathering, 2. Planning, 3. Product Design, 4. Validation Test by Experts and Product Revision. The results of material expert validation with an average presentation of 82.1%, with a fairly valid category with minor revisions, because there are several suggestions and inputs from the validator that need to be revised slightly. The components of the validation aspect by media expert validation consist of 3 components, namely: presentation of material, content and completeness of presentation. The results of the media expert validation with an average presentation of 81.2% with a fairly valid category but with minor revisions according to input from media experts. The components of the media expert validation aspect consist of 2 components, namely the feasibility of display and presentation.Abstrak Penelitian pengembangan dilaksanakan untuk menghasilkan Lembar Kerja Mahasiswa (LKM) berbasis project yang valid dari para ahli. Jenis Penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian pengembangan (Research and development atau R&D) dan model pengembangan yang digunakan yaitu mengadaptasi dari tahap model Borg & Gall yang dibatasi hingga tahapan keempat yaitu 1. Pengumpulan Informasi, 2. Perencanaan, 3. Desain Produk, 4. Uji Validasi Oleh Pakar dan Revisi Produk. Hasil validasi ahli materi dengan rata-rata presentasi 82,1%, dengan katagori cukup valid dengan revisi kecil, karena ada beberapa saran dan masukan dari validator yang perlu direvisi sedikit. Adapun komponen aspek validasi oleh validasi ahli media terdiri dari atas 3 komponen yaitu: penyajian materi, isi dan kelengkapan penyajian. Hasil validasi ahli media dengan rata-rata presentasi 81, 2% dengan katergori cukup vali namun dengan revisi kecil sesuai masukan dari ahli media. Adapun komponen aspek validasi ahli media terdiri atas 2 komponen yaitu kelayakan tampilan dan penyajian.
Analysis of students’ learning interest in biology subject at SMAN 1 Panai Hulu in the independent curriculum era
Authors: Pradana Anggi , Harahap Risma Delima , Siregar Sakinah Ubudiyah
Published: July 2023

Interest greatly determines student learning outcomes both academically and non-academically. Students' interest in learning decreased due to factors in learning methods that were less memorable and learning media factors that were less attractive. This study aims to describe the learning interest of class XI students at SMAN 1 Panai Hulu in biology subject. Subjects in the study were students XI IPA1, XI IPA2 and XI IPA3, with a total of 105 people. This type of research is a qualitative descriptive research. Data collection techniques using questionnaires, observation, and interviews. The results of research that has been carried out with four indicators are obtained, namely the feeling of pleasure of students in participating in learning by 75.77%, student attention to learning by 70.78%, student interest in learning by 74.04%, student involvement in learning by 73.91 %. Based on these results, it can be concluded that students' interest in learning biology in class XI IPA1, XI IPA2 and XI IPA3 at SMAN 1 Panai Hulu is high. Even though students' learning interest is high, student activity is still influenced by the completeness of learning media.AbstrakMinat sangat menentukan hasil belajar siswa baik secara akademik maupun non akademik. Minat belajar siswa menurun dikarenakan faktor cara belajar yang kurang berkesan dan faktor media pembelajaran yang kurang menarik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan minat belajar siswa kelas XI di SMAN 1 Panai Hulu pada mata pelajaran biologi. Subjek dalam penelitian adalah siswa XI IPA1, XI IPA2 dan XI IPA3, dengan total sebanyak 105 orang. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan lembar angket, observasi, dan wawancara. Hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan dengan empat indikator didapatkan yaitu perasaan senang siswa dalam mengikuti pembelajaran sebesar 75,77%, perhatian siswa terhadap pembelajaran sebesar 70,78%,  ketertarikan siswa terhadap pembelajaran sebesar 74,04%, keterlibatan siswa terhadap pembelajaran sebesar 73,91%. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut dapat disimpulkan minat belajar siswa kelas XI IPA1, XI IPA2 dan XI IPA3 di SMAN 1 Panai Hulu terhadap pembelajaran biologi adalah sangat tinggi. Meskipun minat belajar peserta didik tinggi, keaktifan peserta didik masih dipengaruhi oleh kelengkapan media pembelajaran.
Kombinasi metode SPT-drill dengan imagery: upaya dalam mengendalikan target panic pada olahraga panahan
Authors: Priambudi Muhammad Amin , Mashud Mashud
Published: July 2023

Olahraga panahan merupakan olahraga prestasi yang menuntut ketenangan, rileks secara mental maupun fisik. Faktor mental yang mempengaruhi performa antara lain, kenyamanan (confidence), konsentrasi (concentration), control emosional (emotion control), dan berfikiir positif (positive thinking). Semua pemanah pernah mengalami setidaknya salah satu dari beberapa gejala target panic. Target panic akan menjadi masalah besar seiring dengan lambannya kesadaran pemanah. Hendaknya pelatih yang memegang perkembangan atlet segera menangani atlet yang mengalami gejala target panic agar tidak terjebak lebih dalam yakni dengan mengatur ulang program latihan. Pengulangan yang sangat banyak menjadi hal penting dalam proses pemulihan target panic. Pengonsepan mental memanah kembali diperdalam melalui imagery, sehingga penulis mempunyai konsep mengkombinasikan metode SPT-Drill dengan imagery sebuah upaya dalam mengendalikan target panic pada olahraga panahan.
Kombinasi metode hurdle drill dan ladder drill dalam latihan tendangan nare chagi pada atlet taekwondo junior
Authors: Persada Tahta Syam Utama , Mashud Mashud , Kahri Ma’ruful
Published: July 2023

Taekwondo adalah beladiri dari Korea Selatan yang terdiri dari tiga kata yaitu Tae, kwon dan do. Tae berarti kaki atau menghancurkan dengan kaki, Kwon yang berarti tangan atau menghantam dan mempertahankan diri dengan tangan serta Do sebagai seni atau cara untuk mendisiplinkan diri. Maka jika diartikan secara sederhana, Tae Kwon Do berarti seni atau cara mendisiplinkan diri atau seni bela diri yang menggunakan teknik kaki dan tangan kosong. Salah satu Teknik kaki adalah Teknik tendangan nare chagi. Tendangan Nare chagi dipakai untuk serangan tendangan melompat di udara dengan satu kaki sebagai pancingan dan kai kedua sebagai tendagan ke sasaran yang cepat dan kuat. Metode Latihan yang digunakan sangat berpengaruh terhadap keberhasilan tendangan nare chagi. Metode Hurdle Drill fungsinya untuk lompatan di udara saat melakukan tendangan nare chagi agar lebih baik dan kuat , Metode lain yang digunakan adalah Ladder Drill fungsinya untuk melakukan tendangan nare chagi dengan cepat, serta kombinasi metode Hurdle drill dan Ladder Drill fungsinya untuk melakukan tendaangan melompat di udara dengan cepat dan kuat. Sehingga dalam Paper ini penulis bertujuan untuk mengjkaji Kombinasi Metode Hurdle Drill dan Ladder Drill dengan harapan dapat memperbaiki keterampilan tendangan Nare Chagi. Dari situasi demikian, penulis mencoba untuk Menyusun penulisan tentang teknik tendangan khususnya Nare chagi dengan menggunakan metode hurdle dan ladder drill pada atlit Taekwondo Junior. Penyusun akan berusaha untuk memperbaiki dan meningkatkan keterampilan teknik tendangan tersebut, sehingga tujuan dan Prestasi yang diinginkan akan tercapai.
Lexical method for solving a multicriteria problem of selecting a SIEM for building a situational center for cybersecurity
Authors: Subach Ihor , Kubrak Volodymyr
Published: July 2023

The author considers the creation of a Cybersecurity Situation Center (CSC), its tasks and composition, and also provides the main technological tools that should be included in an effective CSC. Particular attention is paid to the information security incident management system (SIEM), which is key to the CSC, and its purpose and main tasks that it should solve are considered. The authors analyzes the peculiarities of solving the problem of rational selection of a SIEM. The groups of indicators characterizing the degree of fulfillment of the requirements for a SIEM are allocated and their examples are given. The use of fuzzy set theory for processing expert information on qualitative indicators characterizing a SIEM is proposed. The features related to making a rational decision on the choice of a SIEM are analyzed. Groups of indicators that can help in assessing the degree of compliance of a SIEM with the requirements are allocated, and examples of these indicators are given. In order to process expert information on the qualitative indicators of a SIEM, the use of fuzzy set theory is proposed. A formal statement of the problem of selecting a SIEM is presented and the main stages of its solution are proposed, including the preparation of initial data, the choice of a method for solving the multi-criteria problem of rational selection of a SIEM and the development of an algorithm. It is proposed to use the method of normalization of quantitative indicators of a SIEM and the method of pairwise comparisons based on rank estimates to process its qualitative indicators. The use of the Saaty scale with 9 point values to obtain membership functions for the qualitative characteristics of a SIEM based on expert evaluation is considered. An algorithm for constructing membership functions of SIEM characteristics for each fuzzy term is developed. Methods for solving multi-criteria problems are described and the use of the lexical method is proposed to solve the problem of rational selection of a SIEM in the course of building a Cybersecurity Situation Center. An algorithm for its implementation has been created and implemented, and to demonstrate its effectiveness, an example of its use for the rational selection of a SIEM is given. In addition, recommendations for the practical use of the obtained results are given.
Analytical model OFDM-MIMO signal in a radio channel with frequency-time selective fading
Authors: Mogylevych Dmytro , Pogrebniak Liudmyla
Published: July 2023

One of the main problems in modern wireless electronic communication networks is the transmission and reception of signals in multipath propagation. Due to the imperfect impulse response of the communication channel, frequency-selective fading of the transmitted signal occurs. This can cause waveform distortion and inter-symbol interference, which can seriously degrade the performance of the communication system. Thus, increasing the noise immunity of wireless electronic communication networks in real-world conditions is one of the most important tasks of modern communication technologies. Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing is known for its resistance to multipath fading and is used to reduce the impact of inter-symbol interference. Multi-antenna systems are a key technology for increasing bandwidth and improving communication reliability. The combination of these two technologies in wireless electronic communication networks can reduce the impact of negative phenomena on the transmitted signal in difficult interference conditions. An analytical model of the signal transmitted by a nonstationary frequency-selective radio channel in a wireless electronic communication network with orthogonal frequency multiplexing and a multi-antenna system is proposed. Analytical expressions are presented that allow us to jointly take into account the influence of interchannel and inter-symbol interference (the effect of multipath signal propagation and Doppler shift on the transmitted signal) against the background of fluctuating noise. Taking into account the factors affecting the transmitted signal makes it possible to bring the model closer to the real processes that occur in the vast majority of radio channels of wireless electronic communication networks.
Methodology of formation of fuzzy associative rules with weighted attributes from SIEM database for detection of cyber incidents in special information and communication systems
Authors: Subach Ihor , Mykytiuk Artem
Published: July 2023

The article presents the method of forming associative rules from the database of the SIEM system for detecting cyber incidents, which is based on the theory of fuzzy sets and methods of data mining. On the basis of the conducted analysis, a conclusion was made about the expediency of detecting cyber incidents in special information and communication systems (SICS) by applying rule-oriented methods. The necessity of applying data mining technologies, in particular, methods of forming associative rules to supplement the knowledge base (KB) of the SIEM system with the aim of improving its characteristics in the process of detecting cyber incidents, is substantiated. For the effective application of cyber incident detection models built on the basis of the theory of fuzzy sets, the use of fuzzy associative rule search methods is proposed, which allow processing heterogeneous data about cyber incidents and are transparent for perception. The mathematical apparatus for forming fuzzy associative rules is considered and examples of its application are given. In order to increase the effectiveness of the methods of searching for fuzzy associative rules from the database of the SIEM it is proposed to use weighting coefficients of attributes that characterize the degree of manifestation of their importance in the fuzzy rule. A formal formulation of the problem of forming fuzzy associative rules with weighted attributes and which are used for the identification of cyber incidents is given. A scheme of their formation and application for identification of cyber incidents is proposed. The method of forming fuzzy associative rules with weighted attributes from the database of the SIEM is given. The problem of determining the weighting coefficients of the relative importance of SIEM system DB attributes is formulated and a method for its solution is proposed. The formulation of the problem of finding sets of elements that have a weighted fuzzy support of at least the given one and are used to form fuzzy associative rules with weighted attributes is given. Methods for its solution are proposed.
Сonstitution of national cyber space and its educational significance for cyber security professionals
Authors: Horlynskyi Viktor , Horlynskyi Borys
Published: July 2023

It is shown that the construction of an established system of cybersecurity of the state in the context of globalization, development of information technologies, transfer of “hybrid wars” to cyberspace, requires improving the quality of training, on which depends the reliability of national cyberspace. It is specified that the key indicator of qualification of specialists in the field of cybersecurity is competence, but their final definition and actual content, in accordance with the requirements of rapid technical and technological development, requires substantiation of theoretical principles that are the object of study. It is substantiated that an essential component of the theoretical basis for determining the system of competencies is a certain set of factors that determine its constitution and determine the subject and purpose of the study. The key factors that need to be taken into account in determining professional competencies are the following: the requirements of the modern education system; the systemic nature of the processes unfolding in global cyberspace; conceptual principles of cybersecurity; rapid development of information technologies and the transition to a quantum basis; new threats to national security arising from the convergence of information and high-tech technologies; cyberattacks aimed at government agencies and national security structures; attempts at destructive psychological influence on the personnel of the security and defense sector; Ukraine's course towards Euro-Atlantic integration, harmonization of the national system of standards with NATO standards in the field of cyber security; increasing the riskiness of professional activity; challenges of gender policy to achieve gender equality in the field of security and defense of Ukraine. Therefore, it should be noted that the training of specialists in the field of cybersecurity in the interests of the future of the country should be based on a certain, methodologically sound system of competencies, the implementation of which should lead to quality training in professional activities in the field of cyberspace.
Analysis of functional safety of electronic communication system equipment
Authors: Mogylevych Dmytro , Sboiev Roman
Published: July 2023

Today, the equipment of electronic communication networks (EECN) consists of two interconnected components. The first is hardware, the second is software, the normal functioning of each of which depends on the functioning of the network in general. One of the main concepts characterizing the network's ability to perform tasks as intended is functional safety (FS). This concept is similar to the concept of reliability, but differs mainly in that in the context of reliability, all possible failure situations are considered, and when considering FS, only those that lead to the failure of the certain system functioning. Failures are divided into four categories: detected safe and dangerous, undetected safe and dangerous. From the point of view of FS, only undetected dangerous ones are considered and constitute threats. According to the number of dangerous undetected failures, there are four levels of security completeness. The article also considers the main international standards, which provide definitions and quantitative characteristics of the main parameters of FS. So, the main parameters of FS include the system availability ratio, the average time to failure, and the probability of a dangerous undetected failure. At the same time, the mathematical apparatus of reliability theory can be applied in the analysis of FS. At the same time, the hardware component of EECN is quite widely researched, and the software component needs further study. Also, the FS of the software component is affected by a number of factors, both external and internal. The further task consists in the formation of methods and measures aimed at eliminating or reducing the impact of influencing factors. Also, since various types of software, mainly system software, are widely used in EECN, it is necessary to focus further research on it.
Distributed computing in special purpose wireless telecommunication systems: performance and prospects
Authors: Minochkin Dmytro
Published: July 2023

The study is devoted to the analysis of the application of distributed computing technologies in wireless telecommunication systems. The paper considers the concept of cloud radio access networks (C-RAN) and their use to improve productivity and reduce costs of communication operators. The logical relationship of mobile devices, cloud wireless network and internal servers is considered, as well as the role of split-TCP-proxy in the distribution of connections and maintenance of constant communication between the user and the internal server of the cloud. It is noted that the dynamic operations of the wireless network cloud, such as topology configuration and data rate distribution, provide better service at the upper layer. The importance of knowing the state of the wireless channel for the successful implementation of operations in C-RAN is emphasized. It is noted that the use of distributed computing in wireless systems can reduce deployment and maintenance costs, providing efficient data transmission and improved performance. The obtained results indicate the possibility of successful use of distributed computing technologies in wireless telecommunication systems. This opens prospects for communication operators to reduce costs and improve the quality of service. The research is relevant in the context of the continuous development of wireless technologies and has the potential for further research and improvement of wireless telecommunication systems. Future work may focus on expanding the scope of research, including a wider range of technologies and algorithms that can be used to optimize the performance of cloud radio access networks. In addition, the impact of using distributed computing technologies on other aspects of wireless systems, such as security, resource management, and scalability, can be considered. Research may also focus on the use of other protocols and algorithms to distribute computing tasks and optimize data transmission.
Tobacco’s Toll: Looking at the Long-Term Systemic Effects
Authors: Patil Abhinandan , Singh Neha
Published: July 2023

Tobacco use is bad for your health in many ways, not just your lungs. It affects many other parts of your body, including your nervous system. This abstract looks at the link between smoking and the nervous system and shows how smoking affects the nerve system in specific ways. There are a lot of different diseases and risks that can come from smoking. By weakening blood vessels and making it easier for blood clots to form, smoking makes the chance of having a stroke much higher. Using tobacco is also linked to a drop in brain function and memory problems, as well as a higher chance of neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's disease and dementia. Also, people who smoke have a higher chance of getting multiple sclerosis, which is a long-term autoimmune disease that affects the central nervous system. It can also cause peripheral neuropathy, which can damage nerves and cause tingling, pain, and stiffness in the limbs. Nicotine, the substance that makes tobacco addicting, changes the brain's reward circuits. This makes it hard to stop smoking because it leads to addiction. In addition to these effects on the body, smoking also has effects on the mind. It makes mood disorders like sadness and anxiety more likely, making the symptoms worse and hurting general health. Understanding the effects of smoking on the brain is important for improving overall health and getting people to stop smoking. Public health efforts, education, and targeted interventions are needed to make people aware of these risks and help them make choices about smoking that are based on accurate information. By looking at how smoking affects the brain, we can try to make people's lives better and protect their and their communities' well-being.
Dynamic Response Threshold Model for Self-organized Task Allocation in a Swarm of Foraging Robots
Authors: Pang Bao , Zhang Ziqi , Song* Yong , Yuan Xianfeng , Xu Qingyang
Published: July 2023

In swarm-robotics foraging, the purpose of task allocation is to adjust the number of active foraging robots dynamically based on the task demands and changing environment. It is a difficult challenge to generate self-organized foraging behavior in which each robot can adapt to environmental changes. To complete the foraging task efficiently, this paper presents a novel self-organized task allocation strategy known as the dynamic response threshold model (DRTM). To adjust the behavior of the active foraging robots, the proposed DRTM newly introduces the traffic flow density, which can be used to evaluate the robot density. First, the traffic flow density and the amount of obstacle avoidance are used to adjust the threshold which determines the tendency of a robot to respond to a stimulus in the environment. Then, each individual robot uses the threshold and external stimulus to calculate the foraging probability that determines whether or not to go foraging. Simulation and physical experiments are carried out to evaluate the performance of the proposed method. The experimental results show that the DRTM is superior to and more efficient than the adaptive response threshold model (ARTM) in swarm foraging.
Systematic review of photodynamic therapy in gliomas
Authors: Hsia Tiffaney , Small Julia L , Yekula Anudeep , Batool Syeda Maheen , Escobedo Ana K , Ekanayake Emil , You Dong Gil , Lee Hakho , Carter Bob S , Balaj Leonora
Published: July 2023

Over the last 20 years, gliomas have made up over 89% of malignant CNS tumor cases in the American population (NIH SEER). Within this, glioblastoma is the most common subtype, comprising 57% of all glioma cases. Highly aggressive, this deadly disease is known for its high genetic and phenotypic heterogeneity, rendering a complicated disease course. The current standard-of-care consists of maximally safe tumor resection concurrent with chemoradiotherapy. However, despite advances in technology and therapeutic modalities, rates of disease recurrence are still high and survivability remains low. Given the delicate nature of the tumor location, remaining margins following resection often initiate disease recurrence. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a therapeutic modality that, following the administration of a non-toxic photosensitizer, induces tumor-specific anti-cancer effects after localized, wavelength-specific illumination. Its effect against malignant glioma has been studied extensively over the last 30 years, in pre-clinical and clinical trials. Here, we provide a comprehensive review of the three generations of photosensitizers alongside their mechanisms of action, limitations, and future directions.
Contingent Valuation Machine Learning (CVML): A Novel Method for Estimating Citizens’ Willingness- to- Pay for Safer and Cleaner Environment
Authors: Khuc Van Quy , Tran Duc Trung
Published: July 2023

This paper introduces an advanced method that integrates contingent valuation and machine learning (CVML) to estimate residents’ demand for reducing or mitigating environmental pollutions and climate change. To be precise, CVML is an innovative hybrid machine-learning model, and it can leverage a limited amount of survey data for prediction and data enrichment purposes. The model comprises of two interconnected modules: Module I, an unsupervised learning algorithm, and Module II, a supervised learning algorithm. Module I is responsible for grouping the data into groups based on common characteristics, thereby grouping the corresponding dependent variable, whereas Module II is in charge of demonstrating the ability to predict and the capacity to appropriately assign new samples to their respective category based on input attributes. Take a survey on the topic of air pollution in Hanoi in 2019 as an example, we found that CVML can predict households’ willingness– to– pay for polluted air mitigation at a high degree of accuracy (i.e., 98%). We also found that CVML can help users reduce costs or save resources because it makes use of using the secondary data that exist on many open-data sources for estimating the WTP. These findings suggest that CVML is a sound and practical method that would be potentially widely applied in a wide range of fields, particularly environmental economics and sustainability science and in practice in years to come.
Comparison of Corvis ST Parameters between Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma and Primary Angle-Closure Glaucoma
Authors: Nakaniida Yuta , Tokumo Kana , Onoe Hiromitsu , Okada Naoki , Nakakura Shunsuke , Asaoka Ryo , Kiuchi Yoshiaki
Published: July 2023

Background: We compared corneal visualization Scheimpflug technology (CST) parameters between eyes with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG). Methods: A retrospective analysis was done on data from 89 eyes with POAG and 83 eyes with PACG that had CST examinations. CST parameters were compared between eyes with POAG and those with PACG using a linear mixed model (LMM). Results: No differences were observed in age, central corneal thickness, intraocular pressure, or use of antiglaucoma eye drops between the two groups. Patients with PACG had a significantly shorter axial length (AL), a higher proportion of females, CST parameters, longer applanation 2 (A2) time, deeper A2 deformation amplitude, shorter peak distance (PD), longer whole eye movement, and longer whole eye movement time than patients with POAG. Highest concavity (HC) length and PD showed a significant positive correlation with AL. However, A1 length, A1 deformation amplitude, A2 time, A2 velocity, A2 length, A2 deformation amplitude, HC time, whole eye movement, and whole eye movement time were negatively correlated with AL. Conclusions: Biomechanical properties of the cornea differed between PACG and POAG. In some parts, AL differences between the POAG and PACG groups might contribute to the variation in CST parameters.
EFFICIENCY SUBSTANTIATION FOR A SYNTHETICAL METHOD OF CONSTRUCTING A MULTIVARIATE POLYNOMIAL REGRESSION GIVEN BY A REDUNDANT REPRESENTATION
Authors: Pavlov Alexander , Holovchenko Maxim , Drozd Valeriia
Published: July 2023

In recent years, the authors in their publications have developed two different approaches to the construction of a multivariate polynomial (in particular, linear) regressions given by a redundant representation. The first approach allowed us to reduce estimation of coefficients for nonlinear terms of a multivariate polynomial regression to construction of a sequence of univariate polynomial regressions and solution of corresponding nondegenerate systems of linear equations. The second approach was implemented using an example of a multivariate linear regression given by a redundant representation and led to the creation of a method the authors called a modified group method of data handling (GMDH), as it is a modification of the well-known heuristic self-organization method of GMDH (the author of GMDH is an Academician of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine O. G. Ivakhnenko). The modification takes into account that giving a multivariate linear regression by redundant representation allows for construction of a set of partial representations, one of which has the structure of the desired regression, to use not a multilevel selection algorithm, but an efficient algorithm for splitting the coefficients of the multivariate linear regression into two classes. As in the classic GMDH, the solution is found using a test sequence of data. This method is easily extended to the case of a multivariate polynomial regression since the unknown coefficients appear in the multivariate polynomial regression in a linear way. Each of the two approaches has its advantages and disadvantages. The obvious next step is to combine both approaches into one. This has led to the creation of a synthetic method that implements the advantages of both approaches, partially compensating for their disadvantages. This paper presents the aggregated algorithmic structure of the synthetic method, the theoretical properties of partial cases and, as a result, the justification of its overall efficiency.
Kedudukan Hukum Perjanjian Perkawinan Yang Dibuat SeteIah Perkawinan BerIangsung Bagi Perkawinan Campuran Di Indonesia
Authors: Sudharma Kadek Januarsa Adi , Adhyaksa Ni Kadek MeiIy
Published: July 2023

Perjanjian perkawinan dipakai untuk mengatur hal yang dirasa perlu untuk diatur melalui suatu perjanjian dalam sebuah perkawinan. Hal ini dilakukan sebagaimana bertujuan untuk menghindari persoalan yang nantinya timbul dari perkawinan. Permasalahanan yang terjadi diperlukan solusi untuk mengatasi hal yang timbul, maka adanya perjanjian perkawinan dapat digunakan untuk memberikan perlindungan terhadap pasangan. Pemberlakukan perpanjangan waktu yang diberikan untuk dibuatnya perjanjian perkawinan menjadi sebuah alternatif  jika sejak perkawinan itu belum membuat perjanjian kawin. Perkawinan campuran memerlukan dibuat perjanjian perkawinan sebab akan bergantung kepada hak sebagai seorang masyarakat Indonesia untuk dapat dipertahankan. Konsekuensi perkawinan campuran menjadi isu yang menarik dibahas dikarenakan terdapat beberapa hal yang dapat ditelusuri dari terbentuknya perkawinan campuran. Melalui tulisan ini yang akan membahas terkait pembuatan perjanjian kawin dibuat setelah adanya hubungan perkawinan atas pasangan perkawinan campuran. Tulisan ini dilakukan menelaah dari penulisan hukum normatif yang selanjutnya dikaitkan dengan aturan hukum serta contoh putusan kasus oleh hakim untuk penetapan.
Linguistic markers of subtle cognitive impairment in connected speech: A Systematic Review protocol
Authors: Richard Amélie B. , Lelandais Manon , Hirsch Fabrice , Jacquin-Courtois Sophie , Reilly Karen T.
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Mild Neurocognitive Disorders (mNCD) are characterized by a subtle decline in cognitive performance. Discourse analysis is a research method that investigates the verbal production of patients and has been used to screen for subtle cognitive impairment. Studies using discourse analysis are, however, rarely replicated. One reason for this is likely to be the lack of consistency across studies regarding the selection and definition of relevant linguistic features. The goal of this review is to identify reliable linguistic markers for the detection of subtle cognitive impairment in connected speech, and generate hypotheses associating these markers with underlying cognitive functions in a given discourse context.
Methods and analysis: Following the PRISMA guidelines, we will conduct a systematic review including five databases: PubMed, ScienceDirect, Embase, Web of Science, Google Scholar. We will include articles targeting a population of patients with subtle cognitive impairment, such as Mild Cognitive Impairment. Eligible articles will include at least one connected speech task and an analysis of linguistic features in this task. The data will be classified according to study population, connected speech task, analysed linguistic features, and methods used to compare cases and controls.
PROSPERO registration number: CRD42023394729.
A Comparative Evaluation of Root Fracture Resistance of Three Techniques of Retrieval of Separated Endodontic Instruments from Curved Root Canals
(An In Vitro Study)
Authors: Ahmed Mariam
Published: July 2023

The separation of instruments before completion of root canal preparation especially in infected teeth was found to be associated with a high probability of failure of endodontic treatment. Retrieval of these separated instruments can aid in completion of endodontic treatment successfully. To our knowledge there are no studies on the effect of using different retrieval methods on root fracture resistance, retrieval time and success. Thus, the aim of this study is to assess and evaluate the efficiency of three different retrieval methods: ultrasonics, LeoPen loop system and XP-endo shaper in resistance to root fracture of extracted human lower molars with moderately curved roots after retrieval, success of retrieval method and retrieval time of separated instruments.
A 2700-yr record of Cascadia megathrust and crustal/slab earthquakes from Upper and Lower Squaw Lakes, Oregon
Authors: Morey Ann E. , Goldfinger Chris
Published: July 2023

We infer a ~ 2,700-year history of Cascadia megathrust and other earthquakes from two small mountain lakes located 100 km inland of the coast near the California/Oregon border. We use the characteristics of disturbance deposits in the historic portion of the sediment cores from the lower lake to identify a deposit from the 1700 CE Cascadia earthquake (deposit J). This deposit is composed of light-coloured silt (indicating it is enriched in watershed-sourced sediment), without visible mica grains (which would indicate a lake bedrock source), organic grading of the deposit tail, and a basal contact with evidence of rapid loading. Seven deposits downcore have some of the characteristics of deposit J. An age-depth model suggests that the five deposits most similar to deposit J (including deposit J) are temporal correlatives to the largest margin-wide marine turbidite event deposits from Goldfinger et al., 2012, (T1, T2, T3, T4, T5 and T6), whereas the two deposits with some of the characteristics are potential correlatives of smaller turbidites T5a and T5b. Other thinner deposits are temporal correlatives of T2a and T3a and other smaller deposits of uncertain origin. Lake core physical property data can be correlated to those from other regional lake records and offshore cores. These results suggest that small Cascadia lakes with sufficient sedimentation rates (~ 1–2 cm/decade) with mixed clastic and organic sedimentation may be good recorders of earthquakes, that subduction earthquake deposits are different from those from other types of earthquake deposits and deposits from other types of disturbances, such as floods.