bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multidisciplinary evaluation of geological, geotechnical, geomechanical, and hydrogeological parameters for assessing slope stability in the Aures Mountain Quarry
Authors: Abdeldjalil Mouerri , Hadij Riheb , Zahri Farid , Hamed Younes , Serhane Brahmi
Published: December 2024

The study delves into characterizing the mechanical parameters of the Tahar Louchene aggregate quarry unit in Ain Touta municipality, Batna province, Algeria. This investigation is crucial to address recurring instabilities commonly encountered in open-cast mines. Our approach adopts a comprehensive methodology integrating geotechnical, geomechanical, and numerical analyses, aiming to provide a thorough assessment of fractured rock mass behavior. Our methodology begins with detailed geological surveys aimed at optimal drilling site selection. Geomechanical analysis follows, focusing on fracturing and evaluating rock mass quality, complemented by geotechnical investigations featuring in-situ testing. To gather representative samples, we extracted eighteen cylindrical cores (102 mm × 204 mm) from various benches using a mechanical coring drill. These cores underwent rigorous physical characterization, geochemical analysis, and mechanical testing. Furthermore, 3D FEM numerical modeling was applied to comprehensively assess rock edge stability. The outcomes of our study unveil the presence of four distinct discontinuity sets within the primary formations, with particular emphasis on fault families of geological significance influencing deposit configuration. These fault structures provide valuable insights into stress history and tectonic evolution that directly impact the stability of the quarry. Moreover, our analysis identified various failure types, notably exacerbated by blasting practices that reduce safety factor values, highlighting the critical need for improved safety protocols. Our approach not only contributes to enhancing mining efficiency and productivity but also prioritizes the safety of equipment and personnel in open-cast mining operations across Algeria.
Geotechnical identification of soil deposits and clay sensitivity evaluation: A case study from East Algeria
Authors: Charef Nouar , Berrah Yacine , Boumezbeur Abderrahmane
Published: December 2024

This article provides an overview of a comprehensive study conducted in the Tebessa region of Algeria to identify and characterize sensitive soils susceptible to swelling. This phenomenon poses significant challenges to construction activities and infrastructure development in the area. The study employed a multidisciplinary approach, combining geotechnical and mineralogical analyses to understand the behavior of sensitive soils in the region. Geotechnical investigations involved laboratory identification tests, including Atterberg limits, grain size analysis, methylene blue value, sedimentometry, as well as mechanical tests: oedometer swelling and compressibility tests. Additionally, over 110 boreholes in four sectors were drilled in order to collect soil samples for the analysis. Classification of the studied soils was performed based on grain size distribution, Atterberg limits, and geotechnical properties, utilizing classification systems like LPC and GTR. Results indicated that the sensitive soils in the Tebessa region predominantly belonged to highly plastic clayey categories, exhibiting medium to extremely high swelling potential. Mineralogical analysis through X-ray diffraction provided insights into the composition of the clay fraction, with a focus on identifying swelling clay minerals, such as smectites. The study identified a significant presence of smectites in the soil samples, which are known for their high swelling potential. Integrating geotechnical and mineralogical analyses allows engineers to correlate mineral compositions with soil behaviors such as compaction, consolidation, and shear strength. This correlation predicts how the soil will respond to engineering activities such as construction and slope stability. In the Tebessa region, this integration improves the understanding of clayey soil behavior, aiding informed decisions for sustainable development and resilient infrastructure.
Impact of image file formats on the accuracy of photogrammetric models: A comparative analysis
Authors: Małyszek Hubert Aleksander , Mitka Bartosz
Published: December 2024

This study provides a thorough analysis of the impact of different image file formats on the accuracy of photogrammetric studies using non-metric cameras. It specifically examines three widely used data storage formats: digital RAW negatives, lossless TIFF files, and compressed JPEG files, evaluating their effectiveness across various measurement conditions. The research involved photogrammetric measurements of two distinct test objects, providing a basis to evaluate how the choice of equipment and data format influences the quality of the resulting 3D models. The findings from this study highlight that the RAW format offers the highest quality and fidelity of detail in photogrammetric models, which is particularly crucial for professional applications where extreme accuracy is required. Conversely, the TIFF format, while balancing quality and file size, introduces minor geometric errors that might be acceptable in applications with less stringent accuracy demands. The JPEG format, although the most efficient in terms of file size reduction, shows the greatest level of distortion and the lowest level of model geometry accuracy. This is attributed to the lossy nature of JPEG compression, which significantly compromises the precision needed for high-quality photogrammetric output. Consequently, the study underscores the importance of selecting the appropriate file format based on the specific accuracy requirements of the photogrammetric task at hand.
Evaluation of the quality of school spaces and identification of qualitative variables in primary schools
Authors: Hafid Rayene , Hamouda Abida
Published: December 2024

There is a growing awareness of the influence that the design of school space has on student physical and mental health. The aim of this article is to evaluate the quality of school spaces and determine the variables that are important for their users, using the case of public primary schools in the city of Oum El Bouaghi in Algeria. We propose the following hypothesis: ‘green garden, innovative school environment and ergonomics are qualitative variables of the school space that need to be taken into account to ensure the well-being of students.’ To demonstrate such a hypothesis, we used a quantitative approach, based on observation, analysis and a questionnaire survey carried out on school users. The results obtained from the fieldwork highlighted multiple conceptual problems in the studied schools. The qualitative variables suggested in the hypothesis reflect the worries, desires and inclinations of the users of the school space that should guarantee their personal and professional comfort. This research may challenge other Algerian researchers and education officials to reflect more on the current and future state of school facilities in order to make them more appropriate, according to the opinions of users and to guarantee their well-being.
Traditionalism and Ontological Incompleteness of the Human Being
Authors:   Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University, Gill Elena , Krapchunov Daniil ,   Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University
Published: December 2024

The article is devoted to the phenomenon of traditionalism in the context of human ontological incompleteness. The concept of ontological incompleteness represents man as an ontologically open structure. The authors describe three ways of the human opening to the world: ontological (spiritual, carried out by spiritual practices of traditional religions), ontic (social), and virtual. In culture, there are different ways of representing incompleteness, which can be overcome or corrected. In global reality, the crisis of identity and the sense of increased insufficiency relate to the structural change of personality and identity in a dynamic social reality, where the virtual way of the human opening to the world plays an increasingly important role and types of ontic existence multiply. The response to the increased incompleteness is two post-secular vectors of virtualization – a direct departure into virtuality and traditionalism, the impulse of which is a return to social reality in some form taken from the past that would promise rootedness, namely, into tradition and a return to religion in inextricable connection with its national carrier. In the light of the concept of ontological incompleteness and based on field research of traditionalism in Russia and other countries, the authors explicate traditionalism as the virtualization of reality and manipulative substitution of the ontological with the ontic. The peculiarity of traditionalism as a worldview and ideology is that it represents tradition itself as a value, whereas it is a construct for the preservation and transmission of values. It is shown that traditionalism is the most radical cultural form of the return of the cultural content of the historical past, which is represented to be a spiritual need. However, these forms are outdated, not constructive, and addressing them instead of overcoming incompleteness turns man into a self-sufficient structure, which contradicts the fundamental ontological openness of the human being.
Assessing recycled concrete’s sustainability with emergy theory and input–output modeling
Authors: Zhao Yu , Zhu Yangchun , Zhang Jixiang , Yu Miao , Bi Tianping
Published: December 2024

This study is the first to integrate emergy theory, life cycle assessment (LCA), and input-output analysis (IOA) to analyze the environmental performance of conventional concrete (CC), recycled coarse aggregate concrete (RAC), recycled fine aggregate concrete (RFC), and recycled powder concrete (RPC). It comprehensively covers the entire life cycle from raw material extraction to waste disposal, employing dynamic emergy flowcharts to visually represent emergy inputs and pollutant emissions at each stage. By introducing an emergy-based input-output emission coefficient, this study standardizes environmental impact assessments across different material flows, enhancing both accuracy and comparability. The findings reveal that recycled concrete significantly reduces emergy consumption and pollutant emissions, especially in cement production, where its reduction potential is most pronounced. Additionally, the findings highlight recycled concrete’s ability to enhance resource efficiency and minimize environmental degradation. This study contributes an innovative emergy-input-output evaluation framework based on Cradle to Cradle (C2C) principles, providing valuable insights for optimizing and selecting sustainable building materials to promote a circular construction economy.
Genotype-First Analysis in an Unselected Health System–Based Population and Phenotypic Severity of COL4A5 Variants
Authors: Zellers McKenzie , Solanki Kaushal , Kelly Melissa A. , Murphy Karyn M. , Retterer Kyle , Kirchner H. Lester , Bucaloiu Ion Dan , Moore Bryn , Mirshahi Tooraj , Chang Alexander R.
Published: December 2024

Key Points

In an unselected health system–based research study, we show that the phenotypic spectrum of X-linked Alport syndrome is wider than previously known.

Kidney risks were lower for patients with p.Gly624Asp, a hypomorphic variant that is thought to have originated in Central and Eastern Europe.

Many patients in this study had not been diagnosed with Alport syndrome, and consequently, many had not received appropriate testing and treatment.

Background

Our knowledge of X-linked Alport syndrome comes mostly from selected cohorts with more severe disease.

Methods

We examined the phenotypic spectrum of X-linked Alport syndrome in men and women with a genotype-based approach using data from the Geisinger MyCode DiscovEHR study, an unselected health system–based cohort with exome sequencing and electronic health records. Patients with COL4A5 variants reported as pathogenic or likely pathogenic in ClinVar, or protein-truncating variants, were each matched with up to five controls without COL4A3/4/5 variants by sociodemographics, diabetes diagnosis, and year of first outpatient encounter. Phenotypes examined included dipstick hematuria, bilateral sensorineural hearing loss, proteinuria, lower eGFR, and kidney failure.

Results

Of 170,856 patients, there were 29 hemizygous men (mean age 52 years [SD 20]) and 55 heterozygous women (mean age 59 years [SD 19]) with a pathogenic/likely pathogenic COL4A5 variant, including 48 with the hypomorphic variant p.Gly624Asp. Overall, penetrance (having any Alport syndrome phenotypic feature) was the highest for non-p.Gly624Asp variants (men: 94%, women: 85%) and intermediate for p.Gly624Asp (men: 77%, women: 69%) compared with controls (men: 32%, women: 50%). The proportion with kidney failure was the highest for men with non-p.Gly624Asp variants (44%) and intermediate for men with p.Gly624Asp (15%) and women with non-p.Gly624Asp variants (10%) compared with controls (men: 3%, women: 2%). Only 47% of patients with COL4A5 had completed albuminuria screening, and a minority were taking renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors. Only 38% of men and 16% of women had a known diagnosis of Alport syndrome or thin basement membrane disease.

Conclusions

Using a genotype-first approach, we show that men and women with X-linked Alport syndrome are at higher risk of related phenotypic features with a wider spectrum of severity than has been described previously and variability by genotype.
3D YAZICI KULLANILARAK HAZIRLANAN KULAK MODELİNDE İNTRATİMPANİK ENJEKSİYON EĞİTİMİ
Authors: Tabaru Alper , Öğreden Şahin , Kapusuz Gencer Zeliha , Akyel Salih , Bayram İskender , Özüm Özlem
Published: December 2024

Amaç: Cerrahi eğitimde gerçek hastalar ile karşılaşmadan önce farklı materyaller
üzerinde pratik yapılması, cerrahi beceri ve güven artışı konusunda etkili olduğunu
göstermiştir. 3D yazıcı gerçek hayatta uygulamaya geçmeden önce öğrenciler ve
asistanlar için otolaringoloji alanını tanıtmak açısından değerli bir araçtır. Bu çalışmanın
temel amacı, hem eğitim kurumları hem de bireyler için 3D yazıcıların kullanımıyla düşük
maliyetli ve kolay erişilebilir eğitim materyalleri elde edilebileceğini göstermektir. Ayrıca,
gerçek hastalarla karşılaşmadan önce öğrenci ve asistanlara cerrahi beceri seviyelerini
artırabilmeleri için alternatif bir yol sunmayı amaçladık.

Materyal & Metot: Bu prospektif gözlemsel çalışmaya, intratimpanik enjeksiyon
uygulaması hakkında daha önce deneyimi olmayan ve cerrahi eğitim almamış tıp fakültesi
öğrencileri (n=40) dahil edildi. Katılımcılar kulak içi enjeksiyon üzerine teorik eğitim
aldıktan sonra, 3D yazıcı ile basılmış bir kulak modelini kullanarak pratik eğitimden
geçtiler. Daha sonra katılımcılardan bu kulak modellerinde intratimpanik enjeksiyon
uygulamasını kendi başlarına yapmaları istendi. Eğitim öncesi ve sonrası anketler ile,
katılımcıların pratik yeteneklerinde herhangi bir gelişme olup olmadığı değerlendirmesi
yapıldı.

Bulgular: Çalışma kapsamına 40 tıp fakültesi öğrencisi dahil edildi. Katılımcılar Eğitim
öncesinde üç soruluk, eğitim bitiminde yedi soruluk bir teste tabi tutuldular. Sonuçların
istatistiksel analizi, eğitim öncesi ve eğitim sonrasında elde edilen ölçüm puanları arasında
istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark olduğunu ortaya koydu.

Sonuçlar: Simülasyon eğitimi, intratimpanik enjeksiyon konusunda deneyime sahip
olmayan ve cerrahi eğitim almamış tıp öğrencileri için uzmanlık eğitimine değerli bir giriş
seçeneği olarak düşünülmelidir. 3D yazıcı kullanılarak uygun maliyetli ve güvenli bir
uygulama pratiği aracı, cerrahi uygulamalara ilgi duyan öğrencilere ve kulak burun boğaz
asistanlarına başlangıç eğitimi olarak sunulabilir.
Flexing the Factory? The Role of Temporary Help Workers in Manufacturing
Authors: Bowdle Spencer , Tito Maria D.
Published: December 2024

Since the COVID-19 pandemic, the demand for flexible work arrangements has notably increased, driven by the need for adaptability in the face of disruptions caused by lockdowns, work-from-home mandates, economic uncertainty, and supply chain shortages. The surge in demand for flexibility could have also provided a boost to the temporary help services industry (NAICS 56132), which provides businesses with temporary workers on a contractual basis.
Locked In: Rate Hikes, Housing Markets, and Mobility
Authors: Aladangady Aditya , Krimmel Jacob , Scharlemann Tess
Published: December 2024

Rising interest rates in 2022 introduced large moving costs for homeowners with low, fixed-rate mortgages. Using a novel dataset linking mortgage loans, consumer credit profiles, and property sales, we examine the effects of rate hikes on household mobility and the broader economic impacts of the resulting mortgage rate lock-in. As market rates rise relative to those on borrowers’ existing loans, likelihood of moving falls with the highest elasticity among borrowers just “in the money.” Our results suggest about 44% of the decline in moves among mortgage holders between 2021 and 2022 may be attributable to the widening gap between borrower’s existing and market rates. We find limited scope for labor misallocation due to lock-in, as moves across labor market areas are rather unaffected. Instead, lock-in primarily reduces within-metro churn and moves up the housing ladder, leading to fewer real estate listings and greater house price growth. We explain lock-in-driven price increases through a housing search model: in a seller’s market, reduced churn raises market tightness, driving up prices. Consistentwith such a model, we show measures of market tightness increase in response to lock-in, with the most significant effects in markets that were already tight.
Credit Supply and Hedge Fund Performance: Evidence from Prime Broker Surveys
Authors: Li Dan , Monin Phillip J. , Petrasek Lubomir
Published: December 2024

Constraints on the supply of credit by prime brokers affect hedge funds' leverage and performance. Using dealer surveys and hedge fund regulatory filings, we identify individual funds' credit supply from the availability of credit under agreements currently in place between a hedge fund and its prime brokers. We find that hedge funds connected to prime brokers that make more credit available to their hedge fund clients increase their borrowing and generate higher returns and alphas. These effects are more pronounced among hedge funds that rely on a small number of prime brokers, and those that rely on borrowing rather than derivatives for their leverage. Credit supply matters more for hedge fund performance during periods of financial market stress and when trading opportunities are abundant.
Significance of international life cycle data in South African extended producer responsibility
Authors: Botha Edwin E. , Harding Kevin G.
Published: December 2024

The South African extended producer’s responsibility has made cradle-to-grave life cycle assessments a mandatory requirement for the paper and paper packaging industry. This is an intensive undertaking that requires a lot of data and time if primary data sets were to be created. The aim was to evaluate the applicability of using secondary and modified data sets in the life cycle assessment to speed up the process and reduce the amount of primary data required, with white-lined chipboard as the case study. Four white-lined chipboard data sets were used, a South African data set created from local industry data, a European data set from the Ecoinvent database and two modified European data sets, Scenario 1 and Scenario 2, to better represent the South African landscape. On an inventory level, the results indicated that the goal, scope and objective of the local and European life cycle assessments were similar, with minor differences. On an impact assessment level, the South African data had a much higher impact compared to the European data. This was mainly due to their reliance on fossil fuels for energy and electricity. On an uncertainty level, the uncertainty of the South African data was much higher, but this was due to the uncertainty related to the adjusted pedigree matrix and the cumulative nature of uncertainty in the life cycle inventory tiers. The results indicated that modified data sets with a base data set that has a similar goal and scope to the original South African study, and in which the data entries, data values and uncertainties are adjusted to match the South African process more closely would suffice.
A thematic analysis of South African opinions about COVID-19 vaccination on Twitter
Authors: Kerr Philippa , Durrheim Kevin , Schuld Maria , Morselli Davide
Published: December 2024

Vaccine hesitancy is a public health concern in South Africa and internationally. Literature on vaccine hesitancy associates this with mistrust of the government. We present a qualitative analysis of opinions about COVID-19 vaccination expressed by South African Twitter (now X) users during the first year of the vaccine rollout in South Africa. We conducted a thematic analysis of 800 randomly selected tweets containing vaccine-related keywords, sampled from four time periods in 2021. We categorised comprehensible South African non-news tweets as pro-vaccination (24.75% of sample), anti-vaccination (20.25%) or ambivalent (4.5%), and then identified themes. Among pro-vaccination tweets, the most common themes were criticism of the government’s handling of vaccine procurement and the rollout; concerns that the vaccine was urgently needed and/or not being made available fast enough; and statements that vaccines were safe and/or effective against COVID-19. Among anti-vaccination tweets, the most common themes were claims that the vaccine was harmful or too risky; suspicion of the government’s intentions with respect to the vaccine it was offering the public; and opposition to mandatory or ‘forced’ vaccination. Criticism and mistrust of the government were present among both pro- and anti-vaccination tweets, though for different reasons. We discuss this in light of literature recommending trust-building as a response to vaccine hesitancy.
Assessing heat-related health perceptions in the minibus taxi industry in Tshwane, South Africa
Authors: Wright Caradee Y. , Kapwata Thandi , Mahlangeni Nomfundo , Naidoo Natasha , Webster Candice
Published: December 2024

Global warming, the increase in heatwaves and periods of intense heat, is a major problem across the world, including in South Africa. Heat exposure has adverse health impacts, ranging from dehydration and heat stroke to death. The transport sector and its users are vulnerable to heat exposure both in vehicles and in places where they wait for transport. We investigated the heat perceptions and experiences of minibus commuters and the minibus taxi industry in minibus taxis and minibus taxi ranks to inform an intervention to prevent adverse health impacts from heat exposure in the City of Tshwane. Commuters (n = 279), drivers and marshals (n = 46) reported feeling hot in minibus taxis and minibus taxi ranks, experiencing sweating, headaches, exhaustion and dizziness. Some participants reported opening windows and doors, drinking water/cold drinks, removing a jersey and fanning themselves to try and cool down. All participants suggested solutions to address heat exposure in minibus taxis and minibus taxi ranks, including more shelters and trees for shade, the provision of water, benches and potentially an air-conditioned building for waiting/holding periods between trips. In consultation with our stakeholders, we prepared educational awareness materials about heat risks to health and actions to take when it is hot, and these were distributed through the minibus taxi sector in the City of Tshwane. Future research needs include measuring temperatures in these settings and rolling out large-scale interventions to protect health and well-being in a changing climate.
Vivências psicológicas em doentes oncológicos e mecanismo de enfrentamento: estudo do caso na oncologia do Hospital Central de Maputo
Authors: Mazuze Bento Saloio Daniel , Mazuze Angélica José Cuna , Manhique Ana Maria Zacarias Novela , Polejack Larissa , Guambe Tubeldo Mocindo
Published: December 2024

INTRODUÇÃO: A doença oncológica é acompanhada de aspectos relacionados com o sofrimento psicológico que geralmente atingem o doente e a sua família. O paciente enfrenta, a partir do momento do diagnóstico, um conjunto de mecanismos e de tarefas de adaptação à doença e suas circunstâncias. OBJETIVO: Analisar o processo de enfrentamento do diagnóstico do câncer de colo do útero, de mama e de próstata nos doentes oncológicos hospitalizados. METODOLOGIA: Estudo de abordagem qualitativa, com recurso a análise temática para o tratamento dos dados. Foram realizadas entrevistas semi-estruturadas com nove doentes oncológicos, designadamente, seis mulheres e três homens hospitalizados no serviço de oncologia do Hospital Central de Maputo. As entrevistas foram gravadas em áudio sob o consentimento informado de cada participante e, posteriormente, submetidas ao crivo da análise temática. RESULTADOS E DISCUSSÃO: Os resultados demostraram que os doentes oncológicos vivenciam momentos de sofrimento psíquico caracterizado pelo medo, tristeza, estabelecimento do disgnóstico de câncer com a morte, o desconforto associado à doença e a incerteza em relação a vida. Recorrem à espiritualidade, ao apoio familiar e ao conformismo como mecanismo para enfrentar o câncer e seu impacto. CONCLUSÕES: O estudo revelou que a doença oncológica é geralmente associada à morte, e é acompanhada por desespero e incerteza do futuro. Os pacientes experienciam momentos de dor, tristeza, angústia ligada ao processo de adoecimento, bem como a preocupação com a atividade sexual afectiva com o seu cônjuge. A espiritualidade e a família constituem a base de apoio para o enfrentamento da doença para as mulheres e um dos homens referenciou prática regular de caminhadas como fonte de enfrentamento da doença.
Plasma extracellular vesicle neurofilament light chain as the biomarkers of the progression of Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Hong Chien-Tai , Chung Chen‐Chih , Hsieh Yi-Chen , Chan Lung
Published: December 2024

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive symptoms, underscoring the urgent need for predictive blood biomarkers. Plasma extracellular vesicles (EVs) offer a promising platform for biomarker development, with neurofilament light chain (NfL) emerging as a potential candidate for neurological diseases. This study evaluated plasma EV NfL as a biomarker for disease progression in a PD cohort.A total of 55 patients with PD (PwP) and 58 healthy controls (HCs) were followed, with PwP completing an average of 3.96 visits and HCs 2.25 visits. Plasma EVs were isolated and validated, and EV NfL levels were measured using an immunomagnetic reduction assay. Generalized estimating equations and Spearman correlations assessed relationships between clinical symptom progression and biomarkers. Although no significant differences in plasma EV NfL levels were observed between PwP and HCs over time, changes in plasma EV NfL significantly correlated with motor symptom progression, specifically with adjusted-total and akinetic-rigidity subscores of the Unified PD Rating Scale (UPDRS) Part III. Additionally, changes in UPDRS Part II scores were significantly associated with plasma EV NfL levels. These findings suggest that plasma EV NfL reflects motor symptom progression in PwP, highlighting its potential as a valuable biomarker for monitoring disease progression and guiding clinical trials in PD.
Проблема финансового стимулирования ученичества в России: сравнительно-правовое исследование
Authors: Агеев Станислав , Осина Дина
Published: December 2024

В статье рассматриваются аспекты развития института ученичества в России. Существование этого института выгодно как работникам, обучающимся по программам ученичества, так и работодателям и государству. Основной преградой на пути к развитию ученичества являются финансовые издержки, с которыми сталкиваются работодатели в связи с приемом на производственную практику обучающихся и с профессиональной переподготовкой действующих сотрудников образовательных организаций. Способы минимизации этих издержек исследуются на примерах зарубежных стран, где институт ученичества существует давно и оказывает положительное влияние на экономику компаний и самих государств. Соответственно предметом статьи являются общественные отношения, возникающие в связи с финансовым стимулированием ученичества государством. Методология исследования включает нормативное микро-сравнение, в том числе внешнее, поскольку правовой институт ученичества является общим для различных правовых систем и смежным для отдельных отраслей права: финансового и трудового. Также авторами применено функциональное сравнение в целях поиска оптимальной модели правового регулирования. Эффективность при этом определяется через призму достигнутых странами социально-экономических показателей. Сравнительно-исторический метод, а именно диахронный анализ правового регулирования позволил проследить переход между разными моделями финансового стимулирования ученичества в отдельных юрисдикциях на различных этапах исторического развития. Выявлены механизмы прямого и косвенного финансирования ученичества, действие особых налогов, систем налоговых льгот, фондов, специальных программ ученичества. В свете поручений Президента России по итогам XXVI Петербургского международного экономического форума проанализировано состояние российского законодательства, касающегося вопросов ученичества, и сделан вывод о направлениях его совершенствования с возможным использованием зарубежного опыта. Авторы предлагают расширить перечень налоговых льгот введением налогового зачета для стимулирования работодателей, в особенности, малых и средних предприятий, поддерживающих программы ученичества.
DIMENSÕES E ATRIBUTOS PARA A BIOECONOMIA COMUNITARIA (BC): UM ESTUDO DE CASO COM VARIÁVEIS GEOSOCIOAMBIENTAIS EM QUINTAIS PRODUTIVOS (QPS) NA ILHA DE CARATATEUA NA AMAZÔNIA PARAENSE
Authors: Souza Aletéia Patrícia Vilhena de , Vasconcelos Marcelo Augusto Machado , Soares Rodrigo Souza , Bulhões Clever Cley Correa , Lopes Sara Cardoso , Santos Artur Vinícius Ferreira dos , Bittencourt Paulo Celso Santiago , Silva Osmar Guedes da
Published: December 2024

O artigo tem por finalidade deixar em evidência a Bieconomia Comunitária (BC) e a sustentabilidade a partir das técnicas de Quintais Produtivos (QPs) utilizando o emprego das geotecnologias. A utilização dos recursos naturais oferecidos pela natureza em forma de manejo dos recursos naturais (ex. Apanha do açaí e a quebra da flecha dos açaizais, para dá fora de época) que é uma prática bastante comum utilizada na Amazônia paraense, logo esses meios de condução tais práticas se atualizam com o passar dos anos e assim o uso da tecnologia é fundamental. A pesquisa foi realizada in loco e desenvolvida na Ilha de Caratateua “Outeiro”, pertencente a Região Metropolitana da Amazônia Paraense (RMB). Os resultados apontam que o manejo dos QPs é realizado pela familiar, tendo a mulher com papel duplo (produtivo e fazeres domésticos) e que em geral são responsável pela introdução de novos sistemas produtivos e suas diversificações tende a evoluir ao longo do tempo. As análise das Dimensões/atributos com respectivos escores Geosocioambientais em QPs permitiu indicar como potencialmente comerciais para piscicultura, cultivo e criação de aves e hortaliças, cujo manejo é favorecido dentro dos QPs, podendo haver outras introdução produtivas em áreas do lote ou em área da própria comunidade, otimizando assim o uso da terra, assegurando a segurança alimentar e agregando renda às famílias com a venda do excedente da produção fortalecendo assim a BC.
Odd Nerdrum'da Kitsch Kavramı Bağlamında Sanatın İnsansızlaşması
Authors: İkizoğlu Süeda
Published: December 2024

Resim sanatında kitsch genel olarak eserin bayağılığına, niteliklerinin yetersiz olduğuna ve mesaj iletme kaygılı olduğundan fazlaca basite indirgenmiş olduğuna işaret etmek için kullanılır. Oysa Nerdrum, kitsch kavramını insani duygulara hitap etmesi açısından ele alır ve kendi resimlerinin kitsch olduğunu vurgular. Bu aslında bir meydan okumadır. Böylelikle eserlerinin kötü anlamda kitsch olarak etiketlenmesinin önüne geçer. Nitekim kavramı yeni bir bağlamda tanımlamıştır. Bir resmin kitsch olmasının nedenlerini açıklar ve olması gerektiğini de savunur zira sanat duygulardan gücünü alır ve eserde duyguların öne çıkmasında bir sakınca yoktur. Sanatın kavramsallaşması ile birlikte duygu yerine düşüncenin önem kazandığı postmodern süreçle ilgili olaraksa Kuspit, sanatın insani özünü yitirdiğine dikkat çeker. Duygu yerine düşünceden gücünü alan sanatta metinsellik, eserin önüne geçer. Eserin duyumsanmasında ne ifade ettiğini çözmek üzere dilsel ifadeye başvurulur. Bu ise duyguya dayalı duyumsama ediminin aksadığı bir sürecin gerçekleşmesine zemin oluşturur. Sanatın insansızlaştığı yöndeki eleştirel tutum salt gelenekçi bir yaklaşımın hüküm sürmesi gerektiğini savunmaz. Nitekim Kuspit sanatta varlığa dair anlam arayışının farklı ve güncel araçlarla deneyimlenebileceğini söyler. Gelinen noktada, insani duyguların öne çıktığı çağdaş sanat eserlerinde kitsch olgusunu Nerdrum’un bakış açısıyla tekrar ele almak önem taşır. Duygu temelli bir yaratımda esere dışarıdan anlamlar atfedilmesi olağandır. Sanatın insansızlaşması eleştirisinde dikkat çekilmek istenen konu, eserin tamamen düşünce temelli inşa edilmesi ve insani özü bakımından noksan kalmasıdır. Bu çalışma, Nerdrum’un kitsch tanımı bağ-lamında günümüz sanat eserlerinin duygu ya da düşünce temelli oluşu bakımından eleştirel bir yaklaşım sunarken sanatın insani özünün yitirilmemesi gerektiğini vurgulamayı amaçlamaktadır.
TÜRKİYE TÜRKÇESİ VE ÖZBEK TÜRKÇESİ DEYİMLERİNİN YALANCI EŞDEĞERLİLİKLERİ ÜZERİNE BİR İNCELEME
Authors: Keçeci Çağdaş
Published: December 2024

Dil teması, zaman içinde, bir dilin gramerine ve kelime dağarcığına giren birçok kavramı beraberinde getirir. Bu etkileşimlerden dolayı, bazı kelimeler anlam bakımından tamamen eşanlamlı olabilir, ancak yine de birbirleriyle birlikte var olabilirler. Diller arası ilişkiler, zaman içinde çeşitli dillerin birbirinden etkilenmesiyle zenginleşir. Ancak, bu etkileşim bazen yanlış anlamalara ve kavram kargaşasına yol açmaktadır. Diller arasında, özellikle ortak ya da benzer kelimeler, benzer anlamları çağrıştırsa da bu kelimeler bazen farklı anlamlar taşıyabilir. Bu duruma dilbilimsel terminolojide "yalancı eşdeğerlilik" (false equivalence) denir. Yalancı eşdeğerlilik, iki dilde benzer yazılış veya telaffuza sahip kelimelerin birbirinden tamamen farklı anlamlara sahip olması durumudur. Bu makalede, yalancı eşdeğerlilik kavramı, Özbek Türkçesi ve Türkiye Türkçesinde yer alan deyimlerin neden olduğu yanlış anlamalar ve bunların mevcut diller içindeki bağlamları ele alınacaktır.
TÜRKİYE-RUSSIA RIVALRY IN THE FIRST KARABAKH WAR: ANKARA’S HANDICAPS
Authors: Turan Ahmet
Published: December 2024

The Caucasus holds a significant place in Türkiye’s foreign policy due to its deep-rooted history and close ties with the region. Azerbaijan is among the countries to which Ankara attaches particular importance. Russia, another key actor in the region, shares similar ambitions with Türkiye. Moscow's determination to maintain its presence and influence in the region fuels a Türkiye-Russia rivalry in the Caucasus. At the heart of this rivalry lies the Karabakh issue. This study aims to analyze the Türkiye-Russia rivalry during the First Karabakh War in light of the theoretical framework of neoclassical realism. In this context, the study focuses on the parameters shaping the rivalry between the two countries during the 1992–1993 conflict. Drawing on the theoretical propositions of neoclassical realism, the analysis is conducted using unit-level and system-level variables. The findings reveal that the rivalry during the First Karabakh War was systematic in nature, with military and political dimensions at its core. Furthermore, Türkiye’s role in the Karabakh issue was at times constrained by its material power capacity and systemic factors. This study examines information, documents, and reports issued by official authorities of direct or indirect parties to the Karabakh issue, as well as statements from leaders and administrators involved in the conflict.
Limitations of CDX and PDX methods using for cultivation of malignant ovarian neoplasms and their mathematical justification
Authors: Biktimirov T. R. , Shidin V. A. , Yanin V. L. , Kuzmenko M. Ya. , Karpova Ya. A. , Khalikova L. V.
Published: December 2024

The article presents information on the most popular methods of culturing human malignant neoplasms to implement the obtained fundamental knowledge into the basis of translational research in oncology. A brief description of each of them allows you to decide on the possibility of including the technique in experimental work. The first approximation to the formation of the logic of the mathematical justification of the design of an experiment on modeling human malignant neoplasms is given.

Also, using the example of a brief description of the original design of the experiment of scientists from the Khanty-Mansiysk State Medical Academy and the Tyumen State Medical University, the logic of constructing the design of such an experiment as part of the research work is demonstrated. An idea is formed about the need to include fundamental and translational stages in clinical experimental work as part of a unified strategy for responding to the great challenges of personalized medicine. An idea is formed about the need to include fundamental and translational stages in clinical experimental work as part of a unified strategy for responding to the great challenges of personalized medicine.
Extended pelvic evisceration with lateral wall resection in malignant tumors
Authors: Cheglakov A. N. , Shostka K. G. , Mankevich N. V. , Belousov A. M.
Published: December 2024

Patients with tumor involvement of lateral pelvic sidewall represent a peculiar category and were not assessed as the candidates for curative surgery up until recent years. The aim of the current review of literature is to display the working results of the most experienced surgical oncologists in pelvic surgery. We have analyzed issue-related articles, which were published from 1967 till 2023, considering the free margin status as a key prognostic factor. It is elucidated that R0 resection could be achieved in more than a half cases, 5 year overall survival ran up to 50 %, and postoperative mortality was less than 7 %. The majority of authors described high morbidity though (up to 82 %). Exenteration with laterally extended endopelvic resection could improve overall survival rate in patients with locally advanced pelvic malignancies granting sensible patient selection in expert medical care unit.
The evolving role of surgery in multimodal cancer treatment: a comprehensive review
Authors: Eskandar Kirolos
Published: December 2024

The landscape of cancer treatment has evolved significantly with the integration of multimodal approaches, wherein surgery plays a pivotal role. This comprehensive review examines the dynamic role of surgical interventions within the framework of multimodal cancer therapy, highlighting historical advancements, innovative surgical techniques, and their synergistic effects with other treatment modalities. We explore preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative considerations, emphasizing patient selection, technological innovations, and multidisciplinary collaboration. Through case studies and clinical trials, we illustrate the efficacy and challenges of combining surgery with chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and emerging therapies. Addressing controversies and future trends, this review underscores the necessity of personalized and precision medicine in enhancing patient outcomes. The insights provided aim to guide clinicians and researchers in optimizing surgical strategies within the multifaceted landscape of cancer care.
Clinical significance of intraoperative histological examination of resection margins during organ-preserving operations
Authors: Gagulaeva K. V. , Kim E. A. , Prokopenko V. A. , Amosova V. A. , Gulyaeva A. E. , Petrovsky A. V.
Published: December 2024

Introduction. Today, resection margins are assessed in different ways, but in clinical practice, preference is given to the histological method with macro- and microscopic examination of the margins. Assessment of resection margins can be carried out not only during planned histological examination, but also during intraoperative examination.

Aim. To evaluate the feasibility of intraoperative assessment of resection margins when performing organ-preserving operations in patients with primary resectable breast cancer.

Materials and methods. A retrospective study analyzed data from patients with early breast cancer who underwent surgical treatment at the Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology of the Ministry of Health of Russia from June 2020 to May 2022. All patients underwent mammary gland resection with or without intraoperative marginal GI of resection, with sentinel lymph node determination or regional lymphadenectomy at the first stage. Patients included in the final analysis were divided into 2 groups: the study group consisted of patients who underwent intraoperative marginal GI of resection, and the control group consisted of patients who did not undergo intraoperative marginal GI of resection. Marginal GI of resection is performed by a pathologist by measuring the distance from the tumor node to the resection margins on a macropreparation. Frozen sections were always stained with hematoxylin and eosin.

Results. The 451 patients with early forms of breast cancer included in the final analysis and subjected to breast resection at the first stage were divided into 2 main groups: the study group consisted of patients (n = 310) who underwent intraoperative microscopic histological assessment of resection margins, and the control group included patients (n = 141) who did not undergo intraoperative assessment of resection margins. During intraoperative histological assessment of resection margins, patients with positive resection margins were most often observed with invasive cancer – 20.3 versus 3.9 % with intraductal cancer.

Conclusion. Further research is needed to determine the factors influencing the increase in the incidence of positive resection margins and their impact on patient survival rates.
“THE SHAKEN IDEAL”. MYKHAILO RUDNYTSKYI ABOUT TADEUSZ BOY-ŻELEŃSKI: FORGOTTEN ASPECTS OF UKRAINIAN-POLISH LITERARY COMMUNICATION
Authors:   Ivan Franko State Pedagogical University of Drohobych, Ukraine, Meniok Vira
Published: December 2024

Based on the little-known in contemporary Ukrainian Polonistics texts of Mykhailo Rudnytskyi that were published in Polish literary magazines during the reign of socialist-realist-authoritarian ideology, the author tries to reinterpret the Lviv period in the life and work of Tadeusz Boy-Żeleński – one of the most notable writers of the Polish interwar period. The proposed investigation emphasizes the exceptional importance of Ukrainian-Polish literary communication and individual literary contacts between Ukrainian and Polish artists who, even in the darkest times of totalitarianism, did not betray the authentic nature of literature but preserved and developed the ontological essence of inter-literary dialogue and community. In the post-Soviet space of Polish literary studies, Boy-Żeleński was often accused of collaborating with the Soviet authorities, which was caused primarily by the lack of knowledge about the Lviv period of the writer’s life in exile as well as the long-term process of liberating literary discourse from stereotypical thought paradigms. During the period of socialist realism conjuncture, Mykhailo Rudnytskyi revealed to the Poles the true story of Boy-Żeleński’s life in exile when he published conversations with him in the columns of the “Życie Literackie” and “Kamena” magazines: the analysis of these texts is the core of the author’s thoughts. The forgotten and rare fact in the history of Ukrainian-Polish literary communication when the Poles willingly published Ukrainian reflections on Polish authors is emphasized. The last dramatic period of Boy-Żeleński’s life when he became a hostage of the Red Terror never inclined the writer to accept the Stalinist regime, as evidenced by Ivan Lozynskyi’s research, Ostap Tarnavskyi’s memoirs, and Rudnytskyi’s texts written on the border between critical reportage and essay memoir. It was the Ukrainian literary reception back in the 60s of the last century that led to the rehabilitation of Boy-Żeleński in Poland. Today, the reasoning of the author of “Słówka” about the inability of literature “to protect the country from vandals when they come to destroy all the books and all the writers” is of particular importance. The literary dialogue of both Rudnytskyi and Boy-Żeleński builds a conceptual consensus of the previous and current experiences of the productivity of Ukrainian-Polish literary communication.
INVESTIGATING THE ROLE OF HUMAN FACTORS IN THE RISK ASSESSMENT OF UNDERGROUND COAL MINES
Authors: Ghasemi Abolghasem , Sereshki Farhang , Ataei Mohammad
Published: December 2024

Underground coal mines are always faced with their own specific uncertainties. These uncertainties lead to safety risks and ultimately result in chaos and safety disturbances. Human factors are among the uncertainties that play a vital role in various industries, including underground coal mining. For instance, they affect safety, production processes, machinery maintenance, and productivity. Risk management is one of the primary methods for improving safety in underground coal mines. Risk management is a process that helps identify, assess, and mitigate risks and uncertainties. Its main goal is to protect resources, enhance safety, and increase efficiency through informed decision-making. This article examines the role of human factors in risk assessment of coal mines; it first classifies human factors and then uses the Fuzzy Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (Fuzzy-TOPSIS) method for pairwise comparison to evaluate the risks of underground coal mines. The TOPSIS method is a multi-criteria decision-making technique that operates based on the distance of options from the best and worst solutions. This method ranks the options based on specific criteria and assists in selecting the optimal option. The results of the study on human factors indicated that carelessness, negligence, and distraction had the greatest impact on the risk assessment of underground coal mines, with a similarity index of 0.6516, while the level of education had the least impact with a similarity index of 0.2871.