bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Water movement through plant roots – exact solutions of the water flow equation in roots with linear or exponential piecewise hydraulic properties
Authors: Meunier Félicien , Couvreur Valentin , Draye Xavier , Zarebanadkouki Mohsen , Vanderborght Jan , Javaux Mathieu
Published: December 2017

Abstract. In 1978, Landsberg and Fowkes presented a solution of the water flow equation inside a root with uniform hydraulic properties. These properties are root radial conductivity and axial conductance, which control, respectively, the radial water flow between the root surface and xylem and the axial flow within the xylem. From the solution for the xylem water potential, functions that describe the radial and axial flow along the root axis were derived. These solutions can also be used to derive root macroscopic parameters that are potential input parameters of hydrological and crop models. In this paper, novel analytical solutions of the water flow equation are developed for roots whose hydraulic properties vary along their axis, which is the case for most plants. We derived solutions for single roots with linear or exponential variations of hydraulic properties with distance to root tip. These solutions were subsequently combined to construct single roots with complex hydraulic property profiles. The analytical solutions allow one to verify numerical solutions and to get a generalization of the hydric behaviour with the main influencing parameters of the solutions. The resulting flow distributions in heterogeneous roots differed from those in uniform roots and simulations led to more regular, less abrupt variations of xylem suction or radial flux along root axes. The model could successfully be applied to maize effective root conductance measurements to derive radial and axial hydraulic properties. We also show that very contrasted root water uptake patterns arise when using either uniform or heterogeneous root hydraulic properties in a soil–root model. The optimal root radius that maximizes water uptake under a carbon cost constraint was also studied. The optimal radius was shown to be highly dependent on the root hydraulic properties and close to observed properties in maize roots. We finally used the obtained functions for evaluating the impact of root maturation versus root growth on water uptake. Very diverse uptake strategies arise from the analysis. These solutions open new avenues to investigate for optimal genotype–environment–management interactions by optimization, for example, of plant-scale macroscopic hydraulic parameters used in ecohydrogolocial models.
El seminario de lectura en el aula universitaria. Una propuesta: "El baile", de Irène Némirovsky
Authors: Morón Olivares Eva
Published: December 2017

Recientes estudios han demostrado el escaso hábito lector de los estudiantes universitarios españoles, así como la falta de solidez de su competencia literaria. Estas limitaciones ponen de relieve la necesidad de la lectura guiada, una propuesta didáctica que suele relacionarse con los niveles iniciales de la enseñanza, pero cuya necesidad se hace cada vez más imperiosa en la educación superior. En este contexto, el presente artículo apuesta por el seminario de lectura como una de las estrategias más efectivas, a la par que estimulantes, para acompañar a los universitarios en ese aprendizaje. Como sugerencia para el docente, desarrollamos un ejemplo a partir de El baile, de Irène Némirovsky
La reapropiación del cuerpo de las mujeres en la ficción televisiva. Análisis de "Orange is the New Black"
Authors: Martínez García Patricia , Aguado-Peláez Delicia
Published: December 2017

Tradicionalmente, la ficción televisiva estereotipa e invisibiliza a las mujeres, con una representación muy ligada a una exhibición como objeto pasivo dedicado al placer masculino. No obstante, la Tercera Edad Dorada también posibilita el nacimiento de producciones de que quiebran este modelo androcéntrico normativo, donde se encuentra Orange is the New Black (Netflix, 2013‑). Así, mediante la aplicación del Análisis Crítico del Discurso desde una Perspectiva Feminista se examinarán las alocuciones en torno a la sexualidad y los cuerpos de las mujeres a partir de dos episodios paradigmáticos en este sentido: A Whole Other Hole (204) y Fear, and Other Smells (308). A partir de este análisis se concluye que la serie dirigida por Jenji Kohan permite una reapropiación de las sexualidades y de los cuerpos de las mujeres a través de una representación diversa de las mujeres y de la quiebra de los silencios que el patriarcado ha impuesto sobre sus realidades.
Las divas del pop y la identidad feminista: reivindicación, contradicción y consumo cultural
Authors: Martinez Cano Silvia
Published: December 2017

El vídeo musical es una producción cultural que se comparte a través de las redes de internet y medios de comunicación, a través de todo tipo de dispositivos electrónicos de uso personal y doméstico. Contribuye a acelerar el predominio de la producción cultural como constructo agente a la vez de sentido y de entretenimiento. Una secuenciación visual que permite una percepción intensa de un mensaje en un brevísimo período de tiempo. Desde los fenómenos vinculados a la producción audiovisual de las mujeres artistas reflexionaré sobre la fuerza performativa de los videos musicales de las divas del pop y de las derivas que pueden producirse en las reivindicaciones sociales y políticas que se producen en ellos. Primero, el papel de la subjetivación en la producción y el consumo de los mismos. Segundo, los procesos de socialización y performatividad que articulan otros imaginarios sociales para mujeres y hombres y establecen un orden distinto en los discursos de género. Y cómo contribuyen a cambios en la producción de cultura, siendo conscientes también de los intereses mestizos en un entorno de mainstream cultural.
Interação família-escola no desenvolvimento do aluno surdo
Authors: Faleiro Wender , Farias Magno Nunes , Da Silva Lázara Cristina
Published: December 2017

Diversos desafios permeiam o processo educacional do surdo, principalmente questões que envolvem a linguagem, as relações familiares e escolares. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo é analisar como ocorre a relação da família dos surdos com a escola. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, com coleta de dados por meio de questionários

respondidos por professores de escolas públicas de diversas partes do Brasil. Foram evidenciadas nos discursos grandes problemáticas dentro da integração família-escola nos ambientes escolares, e os fatores mais apontados foram: a organização do ambiente educacional e a dificuldade de responsabilização e instrução dos familiares. Para melhorar a relação família-escola, os professores sugerem a disponibilização de espaços de integração, que vão além da reunião, como cursos de formação e participação em apresentações, rodas de conversa, e o oferecimento de curso de Libras aos familiares, pois a grande maioria dos familiares apresenta resistência a essa língua e não realiza uma comunicação efetiva e completa com os surdos. A integração família-escola contribui para o desenvolvimento escolar do sujeito surdo, pois essa rede formada consolida-se pelas relações e interações das pessoas e pode auxiliar a lidar com questões de âmbito afetivo e emocional.
Environmental Scanning Mechanism and Its Effects on the Performance: Evidence from UAE
Authors: Lotayif Mansour S. M. A. M.
Published: December 2017

The current Research aims at figuring out relationships between performance (as measured by ROE and PM) and demographics, interest in scanning, kinds of scanning, scanning frequency, sources of scanning (impersonal and personal), and obstacles of scanning. Experiences of 292 UAE executives have been used to fulfill these objectives. Via SPSS package release ten and seventeen, multivariate analysis (e.g. Multiple Regression), bivariate analysis (e.g. WSRT), and univariate analysis (e.g. descriptive analysis like mean, percentage, and sum) were conducted to explore the network of relationships amongst variables. Significant relationships between performance (as measured ROE) and interest in scanning, scanning frequency, sources of scanning (impersonal), and obstacles of scanning are existed. Significant relationships between performance (as measured by PM) and interest in scanning, scanning frequency, sources of scanning (personal), and sources of scanning (impersonal) are also existed. Finally, the current study revealed that UAE businesses are conducting regular, proactive, and hoc scanning more often than irregular, reactive, and primitive scanning.
The Role of Intellectual Image of the Commodity in Increasing Sales: A Case Study of Maestro Pizza Company
Authors: Abdelgadir Somaia Osman Mohamed , Ahmed Ahmed Osman Ibrahim
Published: December 2017

The research dealt with the role of the intellectual image of the commodity in increasing sales, through the study of Maestro Pizza, as a local company with rapid growth and development. The main reasons for dealing with this issue were the study of the experience of this company and the reasons for its rapid success, although it is young in the market, and also in light of the great competition in the Saudi market. The main objectives of the research were to identify the factors affecting the intellectual image of consumers. The research was based on the analytical descriptive methodology, and its time limits were: 2013-2017 and in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The most important research hypotheses (the relationship between customer service and intellectual image of consumers). The study has reached to a number of findings, the most important of which are: Quality of service is one of the most important factors that create loyalty among consumers. A number of recommendations have been reached, including: the need to promote and develop the promotional activities of the company and to benefit from its ability to build a positive mental image.
Education for the Creative Cities: Awareness Raising on Urban Challenges and Biocultural Preservation
Authors: Mammadova Aida
Published: December 2017

Creative Cities are facing the big challenges due to the demographical, environmental and economic issues. In this study we considered to create the educational fieldworks inside the creative city and raise the awareness in youth about the importance of the biocultural preservations to sustain the city’s creativity and sustainability. Our participants were 10 international participants with different backgrounds and majors. The fieldwork trips were divided according to the ecosystems of Kanazawa City, in three main part: mountain areas, rives and forest areas and finally coastal areas. In each course students directly interviewed the local artists, craftsmen and shop owners and recorded about the importance of biocultural diversity to preserve the city’s traditions. Evaluation of the students were conducted according to the submitted reports with comparative analysis, and providing further recommendations. From the results, awareness level about the present issues was increased in each student, and they provided the recommendation according to the local issues. However, this time we did not considered the scientific background of all interviews, and all recommendations were given based on the opinions of the locals. To improve our methodological approach in our next studies we are going to develop approved survey instruments to record and analyse the data collected by students, and perform quantitative data analysis with second cohort research group to evaluate and confirm the outcomes of the field trips.
Safety of Electronic Communication — Problem of Anti-spam Regulations
Authors: Kurek Justyna
Published: December 2017

Unsolicited correspondence — so called ‘spam’ — is inextricably linked to electronic communications. It is widely considered to be the scourge of the information age and a crucial problem in respect of internet security. The phenomenon is closely associated with the development of electronic communications services. Taking into account the intense legal regulation, and not only that in EU countries, it is important to put the question — what is the reasons that current regulations
seems to be insufficient. Is their ineffectiveness a result of objective factors such as the evolution of the phenomenon and insufficient flexibility of legal norms? Or maybe, legal protection models are based on a prior false assumption that it is possible to cope with a global problem and to protect against spam through national or regional regulations? The aim of this article is to try to answer these questions and, on the basis of comparative studies, try to create minimum standards for
national legislation in the field of protection against spam. In my opinion the effectiveness of anti-spam regulation depends on the resources of law enforcement and the scope of the competences held by public authorities. Opportunities for international cooperation and cooperation with internet service providers and organisations in the private sector play an important role in the process of applying the law. The comparative studies on national legislations, EU directives and regulations of the OECD model indicate that the effectiveness of anti-spam protection depends on definitional consistency in describing the phenomenon in the widest possible range of national legal systems and of close international cooperation between competent national authorities.
Critical Areas of Services and Supplies — the Legal Mechanisms for the Special Control of their Functioning
Authors: Miłkowski Tomasz
Published: December 2017

The article concentrates on the issue of legal mechanisms to control some areas with a huge impact on national security. In other words we could call this ‘protection’ or ‘limitation’ of free movement of goods or services. Some type of this control is the only opportunity to maintain influence in a crisis or in critical situations in respect of citizens and their daily life. It covers specific people and capital in different types of economic activities but mainly such services and supplies as energy, fuel, communication, telecommunication networks, food and water supply, transportation or production, storage and use of chemical and radioactive substances. Even in countries which are entirely open to foreign investors, ceding control over strategic areas or companies, or firms that are the most competitive in the world, is not welcome. This is because they could block or restrict the autonomy to make strategic political or economic decisions. The analysis concentrates on legal aspects of this limitation and is based on three Acts: the Act of 2010, 18th of March on special powers of the Ministry of State Treasury and their execution in certain capital companies or capital groups operating in the sectors of electricity, oil and gas, the Act of 2010, 29th of October on strategic reserves and the Act of 2015, 24th of July on the control of certain investments. Of course these regulations, even with acknowledging their significance, cannot provide a total guarantee of security. The other issue is that these solutions for protection, prediction of threats and their elimination,
and finally, a demand to maintain backup systems, are so general that they can be interpreted differently.
Once again about Fighting with Asymmetric Threats Based on the Example of Fight with Subversion
Authors: Wiśniewski Bernard
Published: December 2017

The article presents the most important issues related to fighting with asymmetric threats. The issues are introduced in the context of undertaken counter-subversive activities. A crucial element of the discussion is that the actions and their properties are presented in the form of an open set, which might be used for training purposes by forces using subversion. Such an assumption led the author to introduce the problem followed by methods and characteristics of fighting with subversion. These were the bases for presenting basic problems related to the description of counter-subversive activities and protective and defensive measures. In the further part of the article the author describes kinds and manners of counter-subversion highlighting the indicators of their effectiveness and interrelations between them. The article finishes with conclusions which synthesize the assumptions and particular parts of the article.
Educação permanente em saúde: concepções e práticas dos enfermeiros na estratégia de saúde da família
Authors: Tolotti Greici Kelli , Rotoli Adriana , Aires Marinês
Published: December 2017

Objetivo: conhecer as concepções e práticas de Educação Permanente em Saúde dos enfermeiros nas Estratégias de Saúde da Família de um município da Região Noroeste do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, bem como identificar os fatores que favorecem e os que dificultam estas práticas. Método: pesquisa qualitativa, descritiva e exploratória, realizada no segundo semestre de 2015. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas com quatro enfermeiros e analisadas pela Análise Temática. Resultados: emergiram três categorias: Concepções dos enfermeiros de Estratégia de Saúde da Família sobre Educação Permanente em Saúde; Práticas de Educação Permanente em Saúde realizadas pelos enfermeiros na Estratégia de Saúde da Família: articulando a equipe multiprofissional; Fatores que favorecem e que dificultam a realização de Educação Permanente em Saúde na Estratégia de Saúde da Família. Considerações Finais: a análise mostrou que há uma concepção arraigada de conceitos de Educação Continuada e Educação em Saúde ao de Educação Permanente em Saúde. Há necessidade de maiores discussões acerca da Educação Permanente em Saúde no município, com vistas à implementação desta política, qualificando as equipes e os seus processos de trabalho.
Diagnósticos de enfermagem no pós-operatório imediato de cirurgia de troca de válvula
Authors: Lara Bruna Fontes de , Nogueira Paula Cristina , Poveda Vanessa De Brito
Published: December 2017

Objetivo: identificar os diagnósticos de enfermagem no pós–operatório imediato de troca de válvula. Método: estudo documental, de corte transversal, realizado por meio dos prontuários de pacientes submetidos à cirurgias valvares entre janeiro e dezembro de 2014, em um hospital de grande porte, especializado em cardiologia, do Estado de São Paulo. Resultados: entre os 50 prontuários analisados, 58% pacientes eram do sexo feminino. Foram identificados 11 diagnósticos de enfermagem, sendo 55% classificados com foco no problema e 45% de risco. Os diagnósticos de enfermagem mais prevalentes foram Risco de Infecção (100%), Mobilidade Física Prejudicada (94%) e Risco de Queda (94%). Conclusão: o diagnóstico mais prevalente no pós–operatório imediato de cirurgia foi risco de infecção. Os diagnósticos identificados possibilitaram a compreensão mais adequada da experiência vivenciada pelo paciente e a percepção dos enfermeiros em relação ao processo saúde doença vivenciado pelo paciente, contribuindo para a otimização de recursos humanos e materiais.
Women as counselling and psychotherapy clients: Researching the therapeutic relationship
Authors: Kastrani Theopoula , Deliyanni-Kouimtzis Vassiliki , Athanasiades Christina
Published: December 2017

The present study explores women clients’ experiences of the therapeutic relationship and their meaning making of the effective therapeutic dyad. The participants of the study were 27 female psychotherapy and counselling clients. Individual, semi-structured interviews were conducted and the data was analysed with the use of Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. The findings indicated: (a) women clients’ attempt to define their relationship with their counsellor by comparing it to other interpersonal relationships, mostly to friendship or to family relationships; (b) their experience of the qualitative characteristics and the feelings associated with an effective therapeutic relationship; and (c) their experience of the counsellors’ role to the therapeutic outcome. The above results are fully discussed along with implications for practice.
Domain-specific and domain-general training to improve kindergarten children’s mathematics
Authors: Ramani Geetha B. , Jaeggi Susanne M. , Daubert Emily N. , Buschkuehl Martin
Published: December 2017

Ensuring that kindergarten children have a solid foundation in early numerical knowledge is of critical importance for later mathematical achievement. In this study, we targeted improving the numerical knowledge of kindergarteners (n = 81) from primarily low-income backgrounds using two approaches: one targeting their conceptual knowledge, specifically, their understanding of numerical magnitudes; and the other targeting their underlying cognitive system, specifically, their working memory. Both interventions involved playing game-like activities on tablet computers over the course of several sessions. As predicted, both interventions improved children’s numerical magnitude knowledge as compared to a no-contact control group, suggesting that both domain-specific and domain-general interventions facilitate mathematical learning. Individual differences in effort during the working memory game, but not the number knowledge training game predicted children’s improvements in number line estimation. The results demonstrate the potential of using a rapidly growing technology in early childhood classrooms to promote young children’s numerical knowledge.
Jenis-jenis nyamuk di daerah kawasan industri sidangoli, halmahera dan maluku utara
Authors: Soekirno Mardjan
Published: December 2017

Mosquitoes Species in Industrial Area Sidangoli, Halmahera, and North Maluku.  A Study about mosquitoes species in industrial area Sidangoli, Halmahera, North Maluku was carried out from June 1993 to march 1994, Collections of mosquito from various habitats were done by six methods : (1)  Collections of larvae and pupae from various habitats and reared in laboratory, (2) Night man-biting collection, (3) Night animal-biting collections or resting collections around cattle shelter, (4) Morning indoor resting collections, (5) Light trap collections, (6) Space spraying collections. All mosquitoes collected were than brought and identification to each species in the laboratory. The result showed that in industrial area Sidangoli have been identified 18 species of mosquitoes, which consist of 2 species Aedes, 6 species Anopheles, 8 species Culex, and 2 species Mansonia.
Butterfly record from salak mountain, indonesia
Authors: Tabadepu Heri , Buchori Damayanti , Sahari Bandung
Published: December 2017

Keanekaragaman kupu-kupu dari Gunung Salak, Indonesia. Penelitian mengenai kupu-kupu telah banyak dilakukan di seluruh dunia, namun informasi basis data tentang kupu-kupu sangat terbatas di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui spesies dari komunitas kupu-kupu yang berada di hutan alam dan habitat sekitarnya di areal Gunung Salak, Taman Nasional Gunung Halimun-Salak, Bogor, Jawa Barat. Pengumpulan data ekologi dilakukan pada bulan September sampai dengan Desember 2003. Survei kupu-kupu dilakukan dengan menggunakan transek sepanjang 200 meter di lima lokasi terpilih yang berbeda. Survei mengumpulkan 237 individu dari 28 spesies yang terdiri dari dari 4 famili. Famili yang paling sering dijumpai adalah Nymphalidae. Pencatatan yang dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa Nymphalidae memiliki jumlah species terbanyak dan kelimpahan individu tertinggi. Dalam tataran species, Melanitis leda adalah spesies dengan kelimpahan tertinggi. Penelitian lebih jauh diperlukan untuk menyediakan informasi yang lebih lengkap tentang komunitas kupu-kupu di daerah ini.
Pengaruh penggunaan repelen masal jangka panjang pada suatu pemukiman terhadap keberadaan nyamuk Aedes aegypti (L.) (Diptera: Culicidae)
Authors: Hadi Upik Kesumawati , Sigit Singgih Harsoyo , Gunandini Dwi Jayanti , Soviana Susi , Sugiarto Sugiarto
Published: December 2017

A Study of The Effect of Mass Treatment of Repellent on Aedes aegypti (L.) (Diptera: Culicidae). Larval populations was carried out during 14 week period at Laladon village Bogor. A total of 3684 respondents were treated and 202 houses were surveyed for house index (HI), container index (CI), and breteau index (BI). The results showed that long-term mass treatments were effective to decrease 64.85% of the HI, 27.15% CI and 13.57% of BI, up to three weeks after the last application of the repellent. Final checks which were done four weeks later resulted HI as low as 13.86%, CI 7.68%, and BI 3.84%, compared to those at the beginning of the survey which were 73.27%, 31.87% and 15.93%, respectively.
Patogenitas cendawan entomopatogen Nomuraea rileyi (Farl.) Sams. terhadap hama Spodoptera exigua Hübner (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
Authors: Trizelia Trizelia
Published: December 2017

The purpose of this research is to study the pathogenicity of Nomuraea rileyi (Farl.) Sams. to eggs and larvae of Spodoptera exigua Hübner (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae).The fungi were isolated from insect cadaver of S. exigua. Egg clusters and several instar larvae with different conidial concentrations (106 – 109 conidia/ml) were used in the experiment. The results of experiment showed that there was no effect of all concentrations of fungi on egg mortality. Mortality of S. exigua larvae was dependent on the instar and conidial concentration. Generally with increasing conidial concentrations, the mortality were also increasing.
Pembuatan formulasi ektrak kulit batang Calophyllum soulattri dan aktivitas residu terhadap larva Crocidolomia pavonana
Authors: Syahputra Edy , Prijono Djoko
Published: December 2017

One option to lessen the problems arising from the use of synthetic insecticides is to exploit plants that have insecticidal activities, such as species of Calophyllum(Clusiaceae). The study has been conducted to prepare insecticidal formulation from C. soulattri bark extract and to evaluate their residual activity against C. pavonana. Formulation prepared by using emulsifier, solvent, and sticking agent. Colour, acidity and emulsion stability were recorded as physic-chemical character of formulation. The result showed that the formulation of C. soulattri bark extract was stable, and their pH was normal. Bioassay of residual activity was done using leaf-residual method. Formulation of bark extract of 66 EC sprayed in suspension concentration of 1% on potted broccoli plant had residual activity around 70.7%-72% with range of half-lives of 9.4-9.6 days.
Pertumbuhan Bakteri Photorhabdus luminescens pada Berbagai Media dan Produksi Eksotoksin sebagai Racun Serangga
Authors: Wartono Wartono , Priatno Tri Puji
Published: December 2017

The aim of this experiment was to find out the type of medium that was potential for the metabolite production and growth of P. luminescens. LB, NB, Wakimoto, and T3 were examined as growth media for metabolite production and growth of P. luminescens. LB was the best medium for the growth of P. luminescens and metabolite production.
Keanekaragaman dan Kelimpahan Belalang dan Kerabatnya (Orthoptera) pada Dua Ekosistem Pegunungan di Taman Nasional Gunung Halimun-Salak
Authors: ERAWATI NETY VIRGO , KAHONO SIH
Published: December 2017

A study on diversity and abundance of grasshopper and its relatives (Orthoptera) was conducted at two mountainous rainforest ecosystems (Mounts Kendeng and Botol) of Gunung Halimun-Salak National Park. A hundred meters of a line transect was used to sample and set up several insect traps (yellow pan, malaise, pit fall, bait pit fall, sweep net, and light traps), and insect sweepings as well. The light traps were set up at about fifty meters distance from the end of the sampling sites. A total individual collected by traps was combined on every comparable sampling site. Total individuals of the Orthoptera captured were 414; consisted of 25 species of 9 families. Both species diversity and number of families were higher at Mount Kendeng rather than Mount Botol. Number of species of each family usually similar except on family of Grillidae was much higher at Mount Kendeng. Species belong to Phasmidae was not recorded at Mount Kendeng, while species belong to both families of Gryllotalpidae and Tettigonidae were not captured at Mount Botol as well. Overal there was a difference in the species richness at each between. Shannon Diversity Index (H’) and evenness (E) were higher at Mount Kendeng (2.44 and 0.81) rather than Mount Botol (1.80 and 0.66). Similarity Index of Jaccard (Cj) and Sorenson (Cn) of both localities were similar (0.40 and 0.32). Herbivores were most dominant at both localities (Phasmidae, Tetrigidae, Acrididae, Gryllidae, dan Gryllotalpidae), followed by omnivores (Blattidae), scavenger (Gryllacrididae), and predator (Mantidae).
Keanekaragaman Semut pada Persawahan di Daerah Urban: Investigasi Pengaruh Habitat Sekitar dan Perbedaan Umur Tanaman Padi
Authors: SETIANI ENRI AGUS , RIZALI AKHMAD , MOERFIAH MOERFIAH , SAHARI BANDUNG , BUCHORI DAMAYANTI
Published: December 2017

Agricultural intensification cause negative effect to insect diversity including beneficial insect such as natural enemies and pollinators. Habitat management through habitat heterogeneity is an alternative approach to protect insect diversity in agriculture area. In this study, we investigated the effect of habitat heterogeneity integrated with different age of crop plant in urban agricultural landscape to the ant diversity. The field research was conducted in agricultural area in Carang Pulang Village, Dramaga, Bogor. In around 6 ha area of rice field, grouped into four blocks which each block has different habitat condition and age of rice plant. In bunds of each block were put six pitfall traps with minimum distance 20 meter from each other. Ants were collected weekly from 6 until 12 weeks after planting to standardize the bunds condition. In total 22 species from 4 subfamilies of ants were recorded from this research. Iridomyrmex sp.01 and Odontoponera sp.01 are the common species which always found in each block and in different age of rice plant. There are no correlation between the distance of pitfall traps and similarity of ant species. In addition, habitat conditions surrounding rice field (block) significantly effect to the ant diversity. However, age of rice plant have no effect to the ant diversity.
Ketertarikan Anaxipha longipennis Serville (Orthoptera: Gryllidae) terhadap Beberapa Jenis Gulma di Sawah sebagai Tempat Bertelur
Authors: Karindah Sri , Purwaningsih Ardiyanti , Agustin Anis
Published: December 2017

Jengkerik Anaxipha longipennis Serville (Orthoptera: Gryllidae) adalah salah satu predator generalis di habitat sawah yang menyukai telur pelipat daun padi dan serangga-serangga kecil lain seperti wereng-wereng padi. Jengkerik betina menyisipkan telurnya pada batang atau pelepah daun padi dan gulma-gulma di habitat sawah. Tempat bertelur yang disukai akan menjamin keberlanjutan keberadaan jengkerik di habitat sawah. Pada penelitian ini telah dicoba untuk mengetahui jenis gulma yang dipilih sebagai tempat bertelur selain pada tanaman padi. Tujuh belas species gulma dan padi telah dipaparkan pada 5 pasang jengkerik sebagai tempat bertelur pada suatu percobaan memilih secara bebas. Sembilan spesies gulma telah dipilih sebagai tempat bertelur oleh A. longipennis selain padi. Telur diletakkan paling banyak pada padi dan berturut-turut diikuti pada Monochoria vaginalis, Cyperus rotundus, C. iria, Echinochloa colonum, E. crusgalli,  Eleusine indica, Fimbristylis miliacea, Imperata cylindrica, dan  Limnocharis flava. Sedangkan Alternanthera sessilis, Ludwigia adscen-dens, Commelina diffusa, Leersia hexandra, Leptochloa chinensis, P. repens, Ageratum conyzoides dan Sonchus arvensis tidak dipilih oleh A. longipennis sebagai tempat bertelur.
Silvina Chemen and Franciso Canzani. A Dialogue of Life: Towards the Encounter of Jews and Christians
Authors: Braybrooke Marcus
Published: December 2017

No abstract is available.
STUDY OF THERMAL DECOMPOSITION PRODUCTS OF NITROGEN-PHOSPHORUS-POTASSIUM FERTILIZERS BASED ON AMMONIUM NITRATE BY X-RAY DIFFRACTUON
Authors: Gorbovskiy Konstantin G. , Ryzhova Alena S. , Norov Andrey M. , Pagaleshkin Denis A. , Kalinina Valentina N. , Mikhaylichenko Anatoliy I.
Published: December 2017

Complex mineral ammonium nitrate-based fertilizers are complex multicomponent salt systems possessing low thermal stability and prone to self-sustaining decomposition. This leads to the need to increase the requirements for fire and explosion safety in their manufacture, storage and transportation, caused by the fact that ammonium nitrate is a solid oxidant able to support a combustion, and its heating in confined space can lead to detonation. Components that make up such fertilizers can both reduce (phosphates and ammonium sulfate) and accelerate (chlorine compounds) decomposition of ammonium nitrate. Thus, the thermal stability of fertilizers based on ammonium nitrate largely depends on the ratio of the components that make up its composition or formed as a result of the chemical reaction. The simplest way to reduce the content of ammonium nitrate and increase the thermal stability of fertilizer without changing the content of essential nutrients is to increase the degree of phosphoric acid ammoniation. In this paper, the phase composition change of grade 22:11:11 nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium fertilizer obtained with different ammoniation degree in the process of thermal decomposition was studied by X-ray phase analysis. To obtain this fertilizer, wet-process phosphoric acid obtained sulfuric acid attack of the Khibin apatite concentrate by a hemihydrate method is used. It is shown that an increase in the ammoniation degree has a significant effect on the exothermic decomposition of ammonium nitrate and the amount of material that is released into the gas phase. The phases formed at each stage of the decomposition are determined.Forcitation:Gorbovskiy K.G., Ryzhova A.S., Norov A.M., Pagaleshkin D.A., Kalinina V.N., Mikhaylichenko A.I. Study of thermal decomposition products of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium fertilizers based on ammonium nitrate by X-ray diffractuon. Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved. Khim. Khim. Tekhnol. 2018. V. 61. N 1. P. 72-77
Twenty steps towards an adequate inferential interpretation of p-values
Authors: Hirschauer Norbert , Mußhoff Oliver , Becker Claudia , Grüner Sven
Published: December 2017

We suggest twenty immediately actionable steps to reduce widespread inferential errors related to “statistical significance testing.” Our propositions refer first to the theoretical preconditions for using p-values. They furthermore include wording guidelines as well as structural and operative advice of how to present results, especially in multiple regression analysis. Our propositions aim at fostering the logical consistency of inferential arguments by avoiding false categorical reasoning. They are not aimed at dispensing with p-values or completely replacing frequentist approaches by Bayesian statistics.
Dispersant technical information sheets - compressing multifaceted toxicity and effectiveness data into a palatable form
Authors: Holland Rob , Varghese Geeva , Heathcote Lucy , Broje Victoria , Coolbaugh Tom
Published: December 2017

Development of dispersant regulations by competent national authorities or appropriate government regulators forms a critical part of national oil spill contingency planning processes, in alignment with the International Convention on Oil Pollution Preparedness, Response and Cooperation, 1990 (OPRC Convention). Dispersant product approval requirements outline which dispersants are approved for use and how dispersants can be added to a list of approved dispersants by meeting the requirements of specific laboratory-based tests. The tests are designed to screen out least effective or more toxic dispersants and as such can only be used for comparative purposes only and not for assessment of actual impacts or efficiency at sea where mixing and especially exposure conditions would be very different. In many countries the testing requires 3 separate processes (effectiveness, toxicity and biodegradability) to be undertaken to ensure inclusion on an approved list. Outputs from these tests are sometimes in a format that can be difficult or misleading to present and/or interpret in a manner that can readily be disseminated to audiences varying technical and non technical knowledge.

The authors have set about to produce a trio of new dispersant technical information sheets that distil and convey a wide range of common regulatory requirements and product specific results for three widely used marine dispersants. These sheets were developed to bridge the gap between the new IOGP-IPIECA Good Practice Guides and the API Fact Sheet (no.4) to provide the user with a specific level of detail on toxicity and effectiveness to aid in dispelling commonly held beliefs on dispersant exposure effects and to communicate the key messages on laboratory based tests.

Target audiences for the information sheets vary from oil industry, government regulators and environmental protection agencies through to the global scientific/academic community, NGOs and the general public. The style and content are tailored such that complex information is presented in an easily absorbed manner (graphics and simple text) to ensure clarity, understanding and advocacy.

The poster will present the background, approach and final outputs of the work. Information sheets will be displayed and made available to viewers as part of the poster presentation.
Geographic Response Plans: Preparing for Inland Oil Spills in California Waterways
Authors: Burkholder Anna , Addassi Yvonne
Published: December 2017

California emergency regulations governing the development of oil spill contingency plans and financial responsibility for inland facilities, pipelines, refineries and railroads became effective in 2015, with final regulation adoption scheduled for the fall of 2016. With the California Department of Fish and Wildlife's (CDFW) Office of Spill Prevention and Response's (OSPR) authority for oil spill prevention, preparedness, and response being extended to inland waters of the State, the need to develop Geographic Response Plans (GRP) for sensitive watersheds having relatively high oil spill risk has become a top priority. Previously developed GRPs in California have focused on waterways shared with Nevada and have not considered oil spill response, per se. Given the successful history with developing, implementing, and maintaining the California marine Area Contingency Plans (ACP), OSPR intends to implement a similarly effective GRP program.

GRP's will be driven primarily by access to sites along river systems and lakes where response activities are feasible. Current efforts are underway to complete a Feather River GRP. The Feather River GRP has been vetted through the regional Local Emergency Planning Committee (LEPC) which is comprised of first responders, railroad representatives, and federal, State, and local government agencies. The process of developing GRP's for the State will consist of: 1) developing a consistent framework based on the Feather River GRP, as well as previously developed GRPs; 2) implementing a Statewide GRP Steering Committee; 3) developing partnerships with industry representatives, and federal, State and local agencies, including first responders (LEPC's and others) to ensure critical local expertise and information is incorporated.

With the emerging trend of oil by rail transportation, historical spill threats from other sources, and the promulgation of emergency regulations extending OSPR's oil spill preparedness activities to inland waters, the development of GRP's for at-risk watersheds is critical. The purpose of this poster is to provide an overview of the efforts to produce GRP's to provide oil spill response strategies for inland waters Statewide.
Ground Truthing Resources at Risk in Indonesia
Authors: Bernier Rene , Hartley Maria , Gravenmie Josh , Walker Scott
Published: December 2017

Resources at risk (RAR) are identified environmental, archaeo-cultural, or socio-economic sensitive sites, within (or close to) an incident area that could potentially be impacted by a release. Examples of these include breeding areas, wetlands, shipwrecks, recreational beaches, and commercial fishing areas. RAR provides the basis for decisions relating to developing and refining environmental response strategies and for identifying important social, cultural and economic aspects and are a key part of an Oil Spill Response Plan. Initial information about such resources or sites are gathered remotely from company Environmental Process requirements, environmental impact assessments (EIAs), environmental sensitivity index maps (ESI maps), government resources, local universities and non-government organizations (NGOs). This information is then validated and expanded upon by data QA/QC, and direct observation using a combination of boats, helicopter and ground transportation with local experts. Ground truthing is important to validate and document information such as local utilization of resources, habitat quality, and to identify locations where boom could be deployed, access points, outfalls, staging areas etc. through video, photo and mapping, that might otherwise be missed. RAR can help businesses focus on improved spill response capabilities by identifying credible oil spill scenarios to understand spill risk, generate an ESI Map with identified resources (ecological and socioeconomic) and lastly to create and exercise tactical plans for the protection and response to those resources.
The Refugio Oil Spill Response: Case Study and Lessons’ Learned/Best Practices for the Future
Authors: Addassi Yvonne Najah , Yamamoto Julie , Cullen Thomas M.
Published: December 2017

The Refugio Oil Spill occurred on May 19, 2015, due to the failure of an underground pipeline, owned and operated by a subsidiary of Plains All-American Pipeline near Highway 101 in Santa Barbara County. The Responsible Party initially estimated the amount of crude oil released at about 104,000 gallons, with 21,000 gallons reaching the ocean. A Unified Command (UC) was established consisting of Incident Commanders from the U.S. Coast Guard (USCG), California Department of Fish and Wildlife (CDFW) Office of Spill Prevention and Response (OSPR), Santa Barbara County, and Plains Pipeline with additional participation by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and California State Parks. Within hours, the CDFW closed fisheries and the following day Governor Brown declared a state of emergency for Santa Barbara County. The released oil caused heavy oiling of both on and offshore areas at Refugio State Beach and impacted other areas of Santa Barbara and Ventura.

A number of factors created unique challenges for the management of this response. In addition to direct natural resource impacts, the closure of beaches and fisheries occurred days before the Memorial Day weekend resulting in losses for local businesses and lost opportunities for the public. The Santa Barbara community, with its history with oil spills and environmental activism, was extremely concerned and interested in involvement, including the use of volunteers on beaches. Also this area of the coast has significant tribal and archeologic resources that required sensitive handling and coordination. Finally, this area of California’s coast is a known natural seep area which created the need to distinguish spilled from ‘naturally occurring’ oil.

Most emergency responses, including oil spills, follow a similar pattern of command establishment, response and cleanup phases, followed by non-response phase monitoring, cleanup and restoration. This paper will analyze the Refugio oil spill response in three primary focus areas: 1) identify the ways in which this spill response was unique and required innovative and novel solutions; 2) identify the ways in which this response benefited from the ‘lessons’ learned from both the Deepwater Horizon and Cosco Busan oil spills; and 3) provide a summary of OSPR’s response evaluation report for Refugio, with specific focus on how the lessons learned and best practices will inform future planning efforts within California.
The Positives and Perils of Communicating with the Public
Authors: Lyden-Kluss Carleen
Published: December 2017

In today’s age of 24/7/365 news cycles, the pace, outlets and breadth of news is faster and more comprehensive than ever before. Every citizen with a cell phone is a reporter, social media is beginning to dominate traditional news sources, and time has become an even more critical factor. There is an old maxim that you don’t want to be exchanging business cards in the middle of a crisis—and in today’s world of instant communications that is valuable time lost.

We have also seen the impact of poor media communications when both the Exxon Valdez and Deepwater Horizon are featured in public relations classrooms as textbook cases of poor management (notwithstanding that the Deepwater Horizon was the largest marine spill in US history by a factor of 20 times, was politically charged, and had a continuous release with related imagery for 60+ days). The Exxon Corporation’s reputation was bound to suffer after the Exxon Valdez ran aground off Alaska and dumped 250,000 barrels of oil into Prince William Sound. But experts in public relations say that Exxon seriously worsened the damage to its public standing by failing to seize control of developments after the spill and establish itself as a company concerned about the problems it had caused (1). In the case of the Deepwater Horizon, people familiar with the inside of BP’s crisis control effort and outside experts say early on, BP didn’t have a public relations strategy. It failed to communicate the three key messages the public needed to hear: That BP was accountable for the disaster, was deeply concerned about the harm it caused and had a plan for what to do. Experts also agree that Hayward’s propensity to say the wrong thing made him the wrong choice to be the face of the crisis, and BP’s board took too long to figure that out. (2)

In a world that is increasingly “wired”, it is imperative to address the public in a responsible, prepared, professional and comprehensive fashion. Every posting is a permanent record of the narrative, if not the events themselves. It is critical to be in control of the narrative to take advantage of positive community engagement, and avoid community backlash, which could lead to interference, or at least a distraction, from the mission at hand, which is to manage an effective response and minimize the impact on lives, the environment, and property.

One of the most important, and lingering, aspects of a successful spill response is managing the public and the press. In the Deepwater Horizon, these aspects proved to be an enormous distraction to the responders, sucking valuable time and energy away from the response itself.

This paper covers the importance of addressing the public, fundamentals of the maritime industry, tools for addressing crisis media management in advance of an event, as well as community building activities that companies can deploy on a regional basis which will bolster a company’s reputation in the region, as well as build a sense of trust with communities that may be affected by an incident.