bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Levetiracetam or Phenobarbitone as a First-Line Anticonvulsant in Asphyxiated Term Newborns? An Open-Label, Single-Center, Randomized, Controlled, Pragmatic Trial
Authors: Susnerwala Sukena , Joshi Amol , Deshmukh Laxmikant , Londhe Atul
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE

Neonatal seizures are one of the most challenging problems for experts across the globe. Although there is no consensus on the “ideal” treatment of neonatal seizures, phenobarbitone has been the drug of choice for decades. Unfortunately, although extensively studied in adults and children, levetiracetam lacks rigorous evaluation in the neonatal population, despite its frequent use as an off-label drug. The objective of this open-label, randomized, active-control, single-center, pragmatic trial was to compare the effectiveness of levetiracetam with phenobarbitone for term asphyxiated infants as a first-line drug.

METHODS

The participants included in this study were inborn term asphyxiated infants with seizures in the first 48 hours of life. Infants satisfying the inclusion criteria were randomized to receive levetiracetam (20 mg/kg) or phenobarbitone (20 mg/kg). Clinical seizure control was noted. Infants who failed to respond to the primary drug were given the other group drug.

RESULTS

Of 103 eligible infants, 82 were randomly assigned (44 levetiracetam group, 38 phenobarbitone group). Clinical seizure control with the primary drug and maintenance of the same for 24 hours was observed in 29 infants (65.9%) in the levetiracetam group and 13 infants (34.2%) in the phenobarbitone group (P < .05, relative risk 0.52, 95% confidence interval 0.32–0.84). Of the infants in the phenobarbitone group who did not respond to the primary drug, 57.8% were controlled after adding levetiracetam.

CONCLUSION

Levetiracetam can be used with effectiveness as a first- and second-line drug in asphyxiated term infants. A more extensive study on pharmacokinetics and optimal regimen is required.
A rare case of disseminated pulmonary ossification associated with fibrotic lung disease
Authors: Kumar Manish , Singh Priya
Published: June 2022

Disseminated pulmonary ossification (DPO) is a rare disease characterised by diffuse calcification/ossification of lung parenchyma. Most of the cases are idiopathic, while rest of the cause may have underlying cause like lung congestion, lung injury, lung amyloidosis and interstitial lung disease (ILD). We present a rare case of 58-year-old women with progressive dyspnoea and dry cough. On CT, there were extensive confluent nodular and linear calcification of bilateral lung parenchyma associated with lung fibrosis. Imaging findings lead to diagnosis of DPO associated with idiopathic lung fibrosis. Development of such calcification in ILD is very unusual, therefore knowledge of imaging features of DPO is very crucial for its diagnosis.
Strategy and creativity in the use of political slogans: A study of the elections held in Spain in 2019
Authors: Garrido-Lora Manuel , Sánchez-Decicco William-N. , Rivas-de-Roca Rubén
Published: June 2022

The unquestionable predominance of slogans in political communication versus their declining relevance in the commercial kind underpins the objective of this study, which is to gain further insight into the strategies and creative discourses employed by political parties in their campaigning before the general, regional and local elections held in Spain in 2019, whereby the results are compared with those obtained in previous research. The aim is thus to determine the attributes of electoral slogans regarding such aspects as their semantic density, complexity, use of rhetorical devices, core focus or communication efficiency. Accordingly, this study is framed in the field of research on political advertising, employing content analysis. To this end, an analysis was performed on an extensive corpus of 197 slogans, selected according to the criteria of comprehensiveness, relevance and representativeness. In short, it can be claimed that the tendencies noted in previous studies have stabilized, albeit with some new developments in relation to briefness, the use of double or triple slogans, expressive focus, bilingualism, the use of visual resources (such as emoticons) or digital language (contractions), the presence of rhetorical devices, and the relevance of voters and candidates versus political parties, among other factors. Besides the specific evolution of their formal and content-related aspects, we argue that the relevance of political slogans still prevails, and rather than undermining their essence and uses, the advent of social media has instead enhanced them.
A meta-analytic approach to evaluating the explanatory adequacy of theories
Authors: Cristia Alejandrina , Tsuji Sho , Bergmann Christina
Published: June 2022

How can data be used to check theories' explanatory adequacy? The two traditional and most widespread approaches use single studies and non-systematic narrative reviews to evaluate theories' explanatory adequacy; more recently, large-scale replications entered the picture. We argue here that none of these approaches fits in with cumulative science tenets. We propose instead Community-Augmented Meta-Analyses (CAMAs), which, like meta-analyses and systematic reviews, are built using all available data; like meta-analyses but not systematic reviews, can rely on sound statistical practices to model methodological effects; and like no other approach, are broad-scoped, cumulative and open. We explain how CAMAs entail a conceptual shift from meta-analyses and systematic reviews, a shift that is useful when evaluating theories' explanatory adequacy. We then provide step-by-step recommendations for how to implement this approach - and what it means when one cannot. This leads us to conclude that CAMAs highlight areas of uncertainty better than alternative approaches that bring data to bear on theory evaluation, and can trigger a much needed shift towards a cumulative mindset with respect to both theory and data, leading us to do and view experiments and narrative reviews differently.
Relación entre sobrecarga del cuidador y agencia de autocuidado del paciente de cirugía cardiaca en Cúcuta – Colombia
Authors:   Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander, Álvarez Yáñez Débora Milena , Reyes Gonzalez Claudia Ximena ,   Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander
Published: June 2022

Introducción: Durante el posoperatorio de cirugía cardiaca surgen problemas físicos, psicológicos y sociales, que afectan la capacidad de agencia de autocuidado del paciente, lo cual trae consigo la necesidad de un cuidador durante su recuperación. Objetivo: Determinar la relación entre el nivel de sobrecarga del cuidador principal y la agencia de autocuidado del paciente de cirugía cardiaca. Materiales y Métodos: Se planteó un diseño descriptivo de corte transversal, analítico correlacional, participaron pacientes (n=86) y cuidadores (n=86) del programa de cirugía cardiaca, en una institución de alta complejidad en Cúcuta – Colombia, seleccionados con muestreo no probabilístico por cuotas, se aplicó la escala de valoración de agencia de autocuidado ASA y la escala de sobrecarga del cuidador de Zarit. Resultados: En cuidadores con una sobrecarga intensa, el 83,33% tenían a su cargo pacientes con baja capacidad de autocuidado. En el grupo de cuidadores con sobrecarga leve, el 63% los pacientes tenían capacidad de agencia de autocuidado media, mientras que, los cuidadores sin sobrecarga, la mayoría de sus pacientes (71, 01%) tenía una capacidad de agencia de autocuidado media, pero un 20,29% exhibió una alta capacidad de autocuidado. Discusión: La capacidad de agencia de autocuidado reduce el nivel de sobrecarga del cuidador, cuando el paciente logra adaptarse a las actividades que contribuyen al cuidado, disminuye el nivel de dependencia. Conclusiones: La investigación demostró la relación entre estas dos variables, se debe abordar a pacientes y cuidadores para alcanzar el empoderamiento del autocuidado.
Ambientalización curricular de la asignatura química inorgánica en la Escuela Superior de Apan (ESAp-UAEH), México
Authors: Rivera Ramírez Juan Manuel , Herrera- Monroy Sonia
Published: June 2022

Actualmente, la exigencia hacia las instituciones de educación superior en incorporar al curriculum propuestas que hagan frente a la crisis ecológica es mayor; en el caso de la química como disciplina se le acusa de ser causante de diversos problemas ambientales, cuando lo cierto es que ésta podría constituirse como un cúmulo de alternativas a la devastación planetaria. Por esta razón, el objetivo de esta investigación es proponer la inclusión de la educación ambiental por medio de la ambientalización curricular de la asignatura “Química inorgánica”, la cual es cursada por estudiantes de primer semestre de la Licenciatura en Ingeniería en Nanotecnología (LIN) de la Escuela Superior de Apan (ESAp) en la Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo (UAEH), México. Se trata de un estudio exploratorio de corte cualitativo, cuyas principales técnicas de investigación fueron un cuestionario y la interpretación de una técnica expresiva aplicadas a estudiantes de reciente inscripción, las cuales permitieron conocer que las percepciones con relación a las implicaciones de la química en la preservación ambiental, así como la ambientalización de las temáticas de dicha asignatura, son diversas.
Percepciones de estudiantes acerca de la convivencia escolar: un estudio realizado con personas en extraedad
Authors: Vásquez - Arango Luz Angélica , Briceño - Martínez John Jairo
Published: June 2022

el objetivo de la presente investigación es analizar las percepciones de 124 estudiantes del programa denominado jóvenes en extraedad y adultos (edades entre los 14 a 58 años), en jornada de fin de semana del Colegio Diana Turbay (Bogotá). Este estudio se realizó mediante el diligenciamiento del cuestionario de convivencia escolar para la no violencia (CENVI). Los resultados demostraron que merece una especial atención todo el Factor 2 (Gestión de la Convivencia), pues las percepciones allí evidenciaron que se necesitan más estrategias para formar en estos temas tanto a docentes como a estudiantes. Asimismo, se requiere promover la participación del estudiantado en el análisis crítico sobre lo que sucede con la convivencia escolar al interior de la institución, un aspecto que ha sido anotado por la literatura como apremiante por trabajar en el sector educativo.
Competencias digitales del profesorado de nivel secundaria en Iberoamérica. Una revisión sistemática de 2011 a 2021
Authors: Chim Manzanero Wendy Gabriela , Zapata González Alfredo
Published: June 2022

En las revisiones sistemáticas actuales se ha omitido el estado de conocimiento de las competencias digitales del profesorado de nivel secundaria, por lo que la información sobre los factores que se relacionan y cuáles son las competencias digitales más estudiadas es aún incipiente. Por ello, el objetivo de esta revisión sistemática fue conocer los factores que influyen en el nivel de las competencias digitales de los docentes de nivel secundaria y cuáles competencias se han evaluado hasta la fecha. Para ello, se utilizó la metodología PRISMA y se analizaron un total de 29 artículos. Los hallazgos indican que en España la línea de investigación sobre las competencias digitales se encuentra más desarrollada en comparación de los países Latinoamericanos. La dimensión técnica y pedagógica son las competencias que han sido mayormente evaluadas reflejando distintos niveles de competencia en los docentes, ya que la dimensión técnica es más alta en comparación de la pedagógica; asimismo, se encontraron diversos factores que influyen en el nivel de las competencias digitales. Se concluye que es importante que los docentes reciban cursos de capacitación para fomentar sus habilidades digitales de manera que sean capaces de incursionar las tecnologías digitales en su práctica docente
La convivencia escolar y la calidad educativa en educación primaria
Authors: Valbuena-Núñez Claudia Helena
Published: June 2022

El estudio se introduce en la convivencia escolar porque parte de los valores desarrollados en épocas recientes encontrándose la ausencia de estrategias educativas como punto crítico, motivado a la baja inversión de recursos en la educación, que son puntuales para lograr un desarrollo humano pleno. Ello significa que existen limitaciones macros, que actúan de forma silenciosa, porque destruyen la esencia del ser humano en su dignidad, lo someten a la discriminación, xenofobia y demás males que emergen ahora en este siglo XXI, como consecuencia de las continuas migraciones existentes en los diferentes países de la Región por una grave situación económica, social, política, ambiental, tecnológica entre otras.  El objetivo es desarrollar un análisis reflexivo sobre la importancia de la convivencia escolar y su incidencia en los procesos de calidad educativa en los estudiantes del nivel de educación primaria de Colombia. La metodología es cualitativa con sustento en una revisión documental/bibliográfica de varios artículos científicos, así como el análisis de datos procedentes de instituciones educativas públicas de Bogotá, Colombia según fuentes documentales. Los resultados son que el flagelo del hambre y la violencia se han acentuado, específicamente en el sector educativo, a tal punto que las ayudas que se han incorporado por organizaciones no gubernamentales sin fines de lucro no han satisfecho la demanda creciente de estas regiones, que están en la desidia y en completa marginalización.  Las conclusiones son que existen limitaciones de orden pedagógico para la mejora oportuna de la calidad educativa y la convivencia escolar.
Fatores associados ao início do tratamento especializado em tempo inoportuno após diagnóstico do câncer do colo do útero no Estado da Bahia, Brasil
Authors: Silva Dândara Santos , Pinto Mônica Conceição , Figueiredo Maria Aparecida Araújo
Published: June 2022

Este estudo teve o objetivo de analisar os fatores associados ao tratamento especializado em tempo inoportuno após diagnóstico do câncer do colo do útero no Estado da Bahia, Brasil. Trata-se de um estudo de base hospitalar, de corte transversal, realizado com mulheres tratadas em unidades credenciadas ao sistema de Registro Hospitalar de Câncer (RHC) do Estado da Bahia, no período de 2008 a 2017. Foi realizada análise descritiva e regressão logística, construída na modelagem stepwise backward, para estimar as razões de prevalência (RP) bruta e ajustada, sendo consideradas estatisticamente significantes aquelas com o valor de p ≤ 0,05 pelo teste qui-quadrado de Pearson. Foram analisados 9.184 casos, destes, 65% tiveram tratamento em tempo inoportuno (tempo transcorrido entre o diagnóstico e o primeiro tratamento > 60 dias). A prevalência de tratamento em tempo inoportuno apresentou valores mais elevados entre mulheres com 65 anos ou mais (RP = 1,30; IC95%: 1,21-1,39), nenhuma escolaridade (RP = 1,24; IC95%: 1,15-1,33) e estadiamento avançado (RP = 1,17; IC95%: 1,13-1,21). Na maioria dos casos analisados, houve tratamento em tempo inoportuno, com maior prevalência entre as mulheres com mais idade, menor escolaridade e estadiamento clínico do tumor avançado, evidenciando a necessidade de ampliação do acesso aos serviços de tratamento oncológico no Estado da Bahia, em especial para estes grupos que apresentaram pior situação.
Contribuições das críticas pós-colonial e decolonial para a contextualização do conceito de cultura na Epidemiologia
Authors: Sevalho Gil
Published: June 2022

O ensaio epistemológico objetiva informar sobre contribuições das críticas pós-colonial e decolonial para a contextualização do conceito de cultura na Epidemiologia. O pensamento pós-colonial, partindo do questionamento ao imperialismo britânico, e o decolonial, de origem latino-americana, dizem da persistência da colonialidade na cultura e na ciência. Com dimensão simbólica abrangendo sentidos diversos que vão da conservação à mudança e engendram hierarquizações sociais que favorecem a opressão, cultura é conceito polissêmico com trânsito interdisciplinar desde a Antropologia. Delineiam-se no texto perspectiva e forma do olhar, enfatizando-se a opção pelo ensaio; apresenta-se o conceito de cultura; indicam-se nos pensamentos pós-colonial e decolonial relações com a cultura relevantes para a Epidemiologia; aborda-se o uso do conceito na interdisciplinaridade entre Antropologia e Epidemiologia, resgatando-se propostas próximas da reflexão sobre colonização; sintetizam-se potenciais contribuições em apreciação epistêmica sobre Epidemiologia e o conceito de cultura. Amarras colonizadoras, como o sentido de dominação da natureza, a subordinação à biomedicina ocidental, o uso de classificações e variáveis forjadas segundo hierarquizações e oposições binarizadas, a desconsideração dos saberes populares, podem ser expostas pelas críticas pós-colonial e decolonial nas bases da Saúde Coletiva, e especialmente na ordenação teórico-conceitual epidemiológica hegemônica formulada segundo padrões culturais estranhos às realidades locais. As críticas pós-colonial e decolonial podem ser reveladoras da presença de racismos científicos e culturais invisibilizados na Epidemiologia.
Response of Rhizobacterial strains and organic amendments on chickpea growth
Authors: Ahmad M. Adeel , Khan Q. U. , Shahzad H.
Published: June 2022

Abstract Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) are beneficial bacteria that colonize plant roots and promote plant growth through a variety of mechanisms such as phosphate solubilization, phytohormones production, antifungal activity and also improve plant growth and yield. Field experiment was carried out to investigate the residual effect of organic amendments plus soil microbes along with integrated nutrient management. (PGPR) are important soil organism that promotes plant growth and yield root colonization is an example of a direct and indirect mechanism. The treatments included control, (inorganic fertilizer and no organic fertilization).Five bacterial strains were identified morphologically and biochemically screened from the rhizospheres of chickpea, lentil, barseem, mungbean, and sesame. The experiment was conducted at the Arid Zone Research Center in D.I.Khan (Pakistan). The majority of isolates resulted in significant increase in shoot length, root length, and dry matter production of Cicer arietinum seedlings' shoot and root. The experiment represented that isolates treated plots with rhizobium strain inoculation resulted in greater plant height (35.000 cm) and nodule count (38.00) No of pods per plant-1 (44.66) when compared to the control treatment, While (Mesorhizobium cicero) along with organic amendments showed significant response the greater root length (50 cm) was observed in T4 treatment. The Performance of rhizobial strains on chickpea germination in an arid environment was found to significantly increase crop germination percentage. This combination thus increases nitrogen and phosphorus uptake in inoculation treated plots. The study found that plots with inoculation treatments yielded significantly higher than non-treated plots Treatment with Mesorhizobium Cicero and compost resulted in a higher grain yield (8%) as compared to the control. The greater grain yield was observed in Treatment T4 (183.67).The result showed that use of PGPR have the potential to increase nutrient absorption from soil while improved growth of chickpea.
Existe polarização política no Brasil? Análise das evidências em duas séries de pesquisas de opinião
Authors: Ortellado Pablo , Ribeiro Marcio Moretto , Zeine Leonardo
Published: June 2022

Embora tenhamos muitas evidências anedóticas sobre a polarização política no Brasil, os estudos empíricos têm se concentrado, em grande parte, no padrão de voto. Partindo de duas séries históricas de pesquisas de opinião (Lapop e World Values Survey), investigamos o fenômeno da polarização política em quatro sentidos consagrados: polarização das opiniões sobre temas políticos, polarização das identidades políticas, alinhamento das opiniões com identidades e polarização afetiva. Verificamos que há polarização de opiniões sobre direitos dos homossexuais e sobre o divórcio, como processo e como estado, respectivamente. As identidades políticas também se polarizaram a partir de 2010, sobretudo entre os mais velhos e menos escolarizados, o que não implicou um aumento de alinhamento. Por fim, constatamos que, entre as pessoas engajadas, há polarização afetiva em torno de algumas identidades.
Analysis of different platelet-rich fibrin processing
Authors: DALLOSTO Júlia Zamin , SOUZA Matheus Albino , PRADO Luciane Dellazari da Silva do , SIQUEIRA Luciano de Oliveira
Published: June 2022

Abstract Introduction Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) is formed by an autologous blood concentrate, with properties that promote cell proliferation and regenerationof bone, gingival and epithelial tissue. Objective To compare four different procedures for processing as well as obtaining PRF, and analyzing their formation through laboratory techniques. The purpose of the study is to validate a method that produces higher quality PRF for oral surgery use in different branches of dentistry. Material and method The experiment consisted of collecting blood from 12 volunteers, and processing each patient’s sample in 4 different ways. In the following two-stage process analysis, the first, quantitative, step was to analyze the samples' platelet-poor plasma (PPP),with a Neubauer Hemocytometer to count blood components. In the second, qualitative step, the sample’s PRF were analyzed under microscopy using histological slides. Result The statistical analysis of the leukocyte, red blood cell and platelet count did not show any significant distinction when comparing different processes. Histological analysis of the PRF showed fibrin network with platelet aggregation, several leukocytes and presence of red blood cells, with double centrifuged samples presenting more white blood cells than the others. Conclusion: Among the analyzed procedures, the sample centrifuged once at 3000 RPM (1900 G) for 10 min showed the best quality PRF.
Study on proximate composition of four seaweeds from Kilinochchi and Kalpitiya area of Sri Lanka
Authors: Premadasa Vidushika Sanjeewani , Edirisinghe Dissanayake Mudiyanselage Anusha
Published: June 2022

Some of the representatives from edible seaweeds (Gracilaria verrucosa, Gracilaria corticata, Turbinaria ornate, Sargassum polycystum) from Kilinochchi and Kalpitiya in Sri Lanka were investigated for proximate composition (moisture, protein, lipid and ash content). The proximate composition was significantly (p < 0.001) different across seaweed species. In this regard, moisture content (mean ± SD) varied from 76.33 ± 0.0% in T. ornata to 89.78 ± 0.6% in G. corticata. The S. polycystum presented the highest fat content (1.94 ± 0.5%); whereas, G. corticata showed the highest protein level (21.66 ± 1.1%). Fat content was low in T. ornata (0.37 ± 0.2%) and S. polycystum (1.94 ± 0.5%) while protein content was low in other three species. Also G. verrucosa and G. corticata had higher ash content (44.34 ± 3.8% and 44.34 ± 3.8% respectively) than other seaweed species. The variation in proximate composition was high among species and would be a healthy addition to normal diets.
A REVIEW OF MEASURING THE GELATION TIME IN UNSATURATED POLYESTER RESINS
Authors: Farsane Mohamed , Lhasnaoui Soufia , Anouar Abdellah , Dagdag Said , Bouzziri Miloud
Published: June 2022

Unsaturated polyester resins (UPRs) are commonly used as matrix resins for fiber-reinforced composites. During processing, the resins undergo a molecular cross-linking process called curing, during which they change irreversibly from viscous liquids to rigid and highly cross-linked polymer solids. The gelation time is critical for the success of a resin system, but it is difficult to measure accurately. It depends on several parameters. In this study, the parameters investigated are the effect of choice and their relative proportions. Parameters such as catalyst, accelerators, inhibitor, and fillers were examined. Various combinations of catalyst, accelerator, inhibitor, temperature and filler were analyzed to investigate the effect on the gel time of the unsaturated polyester resins. Then, this review assembles the scientific data on the gelation of unsaturated polyester resins to help readers better understand this process. Students, researchers, technologists, engineers, and chemists involved in the technology of synthesizing these monomers and polymers will benefit from this material.
EFFECT OF FIBER-LAYER POSITIONS ON MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF CARBON FIBER REINFORCED MATERIALS MANUFACTURED BY FUSED DEPOSITION MODELING
Authors: Furkan Polat Yakup , Yilmaz Volkan
Published: June 2022

In recent years, with the increasing needs from industry, various manufacturing methods have begun to be widely used. Additive manufacturing is one of these methods. These recent manufacturing methods, which allow the production of designed essential parts without any limitations, have also gained an advantageous position in industrial fields due to a variety of raw materials used. Additive manufacturing makes production possible using metal and polymer materials. In this research, continuous carbon fiber was used to strengthen the structure of a polymer material and printing was conducted with fused deposition modeling, which is one of the additive manufacturing methods. Tensile tests were performed on printed specimens and then the results were evaluated. Onyx was used as the polymer material and carbon fiber was used as the continuous fiber material. Comparisons were then made between the fiber specimens and onyx specimen that was printed without any fiber. It was found that the specimen made of onyx reached a tensile strength of 16 MPa, while by adding continuous carbon fiber reinforcement to the structure, a value of 58 MPa was obtained for the printed specimen. On the other hand, the highest tensile strength of 80.2 MPa was obtained by changing the layer location of the samples. This value is 38 % higher than the tensile strength of 58 MPa recorded for the sample that included also carbon fiber and was printed as a regular and symmetrical structure. In line with these results, it was observed that the addition of carbon fiber to the structure had a positive effect on the tensile strength. The carbon-fiber density also affected the tensile strength. Moreover, it was also observed that the tensile strength values improved with the change in the locations of the polymer and carbon-fiber layer.
Improving the technology and equipment
for industrial production of nanoplates by liquid-phase shear exfoliation
of layered crystals
Authors: Mashhadani Ali M. , Al-Jarah Ruaa A. , Pershin Vladimir F.
Published: June 2022

For the production of nanoplates from layered crystals by liquid-phase shear exfoliation, patent-protected technologies and equipment have been developed. The main difference between the proposed technologies and equipment from the known ones is that the exfoliation process is possible only by shearing in continuous operation. Particular interest in liquid-phase exfoliation can be explained by the following advantages of this technology in relation to others: chemical reagents are used in minimal amounts (3–4 mLL–1) as surfactants to prevent agglomeration of nanoplates that are formed during exfoliation; as a rule, one of the components of the created structural or functional material serves as a liquid dispersion medium; material and energy costs are much less than when using other technologies; this technology is easily scalable. The kinetics of the exfoliation process has been studied and it has been established that the concentration of nanoplate-layered crystals mainly depends on the total path of particles traveled by them in the exfoliation zone, i.e. in the zone of contact of the movable blades with the inner surface of the stator. A mathematical model has been developed for the distribution of nanoplates in a liquid, and the critical concentration of agglomeration of these plates in a liquid has been determined. A cascade technology for the production of nanoplates and a method for calculating the main regime and geometric parameters of rotary devices with moving blades are proposed.
On possible new methods
for δ-layer synthesis of the diamond transistor
Authors: Alekseyev Nikolay I. , Grigoriev Andrey D. , Ivanov Alexei S. , Oreshko Ivan V.
Published: June 2022

An upper estimate of the activation barrier Ea, overcome by boron atom during its adsorption on singular face of unalloyed diamond, has been obtained using quantum chemistry methods. This process is connected with the formation
of boron-doped δ-layer in the unalloyed diamond, which is an integral part of the diamond transistor. The estimate of Ea was found to be approximately 6–7 eV. It is correspondent by the order of magnitude with floating electrode potential drop relative to stationary low-temperature plasma at electronic temperature above ~ 1 eV. Meanwhile, in the existing high-frequency plasma-enhanced CVD (MWCVD) technology used to create boron-doped δ-layers, the source of the δ-layer growth is high-energy boron ions with energies of hundreds of eV (and even units of keV) which enter the substrate from MW plasma. This energy that the ions acquire at the near-electrode voltage drop is clearly excessive and leads both to excessively high depth of ion penetration into the diamond and to large dispersion of this depth. This reduces the quality of the δ-layer and the transistor efficiency as a whole. At the same time, specificity of high-frequency plasma, created in the MW-resonator for the diamond growth, allows plasma modes and diamond growth both with large (units of keV) and small (units of eV) near-electrode voltage drops. This paper considers the possibility of switching between these two modes. The high-drop mode realizes the rapid growth of unalloyed diamond and the low-drop mode – high quality δ-layer.
The efficacy of SARS-CoV-2 antibody response after two dose mRNA vaccination in kidney and heart transplant recipients using a multiplex bead-based assay: Evaluating the factors affecting vaccine response
Authors: Steven J Forte , Angela J Toepp , Robert A Bray , David A Baran , Lauren T Gilgannon , Troy Williams , Shirui Chen , Hooman Sadr , Howard M Gebel , John M Herre , Thomas R McCune
Published: June 2022

Background: The extent that which immunosuppressive factors contribute to the antibody response to SARS-Cov-2 vaccination in solid organ transplant patients is being better understood. This study examined antibody formation against the spike SARS-CoV-2 protein (SA) when full vaccinations were up to 2 doses and boosters were not recommended. Immunosuppressive factors that affected the vaccine responsiveness in a cohort of 100 kidney and 50 heart transplant patients were evaluated. This study utilized a novel assay to detect antibodies against 4 different domains of the spike protein and the nucleocapsid protein (NC) of the SARS-CoV-2 virus on a multiplex, bead-based platform. Positive SARS-COV-2 antibodies (SA) response required identification of the receptor-binding domain and one of the three other spike protein domains. Prior SARS-CoV-2 infection could be determined by the presence of positive NC. Results: 150 patients were enrolled in the study (100 kidneys; 50 heart recipients). This study was performed when the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommended only two doses of Pfizer/BioNTech [BNT162b2] and Moderna [mRNA-1273 SARS-CoV-2] vaccine or 1 dose of Johnson & Johnson/Janssen [Ad26.COV2.S] vaccines for full SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in transplant recipients. Patients that reported a positive COVID-19 swab or had positive NC were excluded from the review because the prior infection may impact vaccine response (n = 134). Conclusions: SA were identified in 48/134 patients (36%); 25/46 heart (54%) and 23/88 kidney transplant patients (26%) (P = 0.0012). For the patients on prednisone therapy 25/93 responded with SA (27%) while for patients not on prednisone therapy, 23/41 responded with SA (56%) (P = 0.0012). The dose of steroids (5mg a day or greater) at the time of vaccination did not adversely affect vaccine efficacy (p = 0.054). Of the patients using antimetabolite therapy, 36/113 responded with SA (32%) while 12/21 patients not on antimetabolites responded with SA (57%) (P = .027). Time since transplant was not found to affect the rate of SA production when populations were separated by type of organ transplanted. T-cell depletion induction method, calcineurin inhibitor use, and type of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine were not found to be statistically significant.
Infant and Maternal Deaths in Brazil: A 10-Year Analysis of Pregnancy in Adolescence
Authors: Martins-Santos Cláudia Bispo , Oliveira Santana Maria Tamires , Freitas de Jesus Carla Viviane
Published: June 2022

The aim of this study was to evaluate the epidemiological profile of childhood and maternal-adolescent deaths in Brazil. This is a descriptive, quantitative study, based on data of births and data of infant and maternal deaths of adolescent mothers (aged ten up 19 years old), from the Department of Informatics of the Unified Health System, between 2010 and 2019. The analysis of live-births revealed that most of the adolescent mothers were single, attended for seven or more medical appointments and had a medium level of education of 11 years. Generally, the infants were born on term, from natural childbirth and were non-white. The infant-deaths predominated in the early neonatal period. Maternal deaths prevailed between 15 and 19 years-old, and most of it were from indirect obstetric nature. The decay of the infant mortality rate could not be verified. Maternal mortality rate presented a linear behavior on the studied period. Once teenage pregnancy represent a major challenge for formulators and managers of public health policies in Brazil, the adoption of educational actions is essential to prevent this social and medical issue.
ABUSO DE PODER DOCENTE E CIDADANIA: REVISITANDO A LIBERDADE DE CÁTEDRA EM “SOCIEDADE DOS POETAS MORTOS”
Authors: Cruz Silva Thyerrí José , Santos Lima Edson Paulo , Heine Maria Luiza Figueiredo
Published: June 2022

Este artigo tem como objetivo geral discutir as relações entre o abuso de poder docente e a formação cidadã dos estudantes, com base na análise crítica do filme “Sociedade dos Poetas Mortos”. Almeja-se, ainda, ressaltar a importância de se permitir manifestações políticas em instituições de ensino superior, o que difere de propaganda eleitoral irregular em bens públicos de uso especial. A pesquisa contou com o emprego do método qualitativo, somado à revisão bibliográfica acerca de temas como educação, política e liberdade de ensino. Realizou-se também uma pesquisa jurisprudencial, referente ao exame dos argumentos utilizados pelos ministros do Supremo Tribunal Federal, no julgamento da ADPF 548. Efetuou-se, ademais, uma pesquisa exploratória, com vistas de extrair contribuições teóricas do filme “Sociedade dos Poetas Mortos” quanto à liberdade de cátedra e a formação multidimensional dos estudantes. A pesquisa conclui pela necessidade de se garantir a liberdade docente a fim de que os pilares democráticos não pereçam, tendo em vista a necessidade de serem formados indivíduos com autonomia, identidade e consciência sobre seus papéis na sociedade.
TRIBUNAIS SUPERIORES: INVESTIDURA, COMPETÊNCIAS E O ATIVISMO JUDICIAL DO SUPREMO TRIBUNAL FEDERAL EM RELAÇÃO À SUPREMA CORTE NORTE-AMERICANA
Authors: Ferreira João Victor Dib Faria , Gonçalves Jonas Rodrigo , da Costa Danilo
Published: June 2022

O tema deste artigo é comparar as formas de investidura, competências e o ativismo judicial do Supremo Tribunal Federal em relação à Suprema Corte Norte-americana. Investigou-se o seguinte problema: “O brasil se beneficia das formas adotadas de investidura e competência? Existe o ativismo judicial?”. Cogitou-se a seguinte hipótese: “existem diversas semelhanças no que se refere às competências e investiduras, bem como a existência do ativismo judicial praticado em ambos países”. O objetivo geral é “destrinchar as semelhanças entre as Cortes Superiores”. Os objetivos específicos são: “listar as investiduras do STF para com os EUA”; “analisar as competências do STF”, “relatar a necessidade do ativismo judicial para a segurança jurídica no País”. Este trabalho é importante para um operador do Direito devido a necessidade de se entender as técnicas americanas adotadas pelo Brasil, com intuito de quem sabe um dia, tornar-se referência neste assunto mundo afora; para a ciência, é relevante por buscar expor e analisar as falhas e acertos de tais adoções; agrega à sociedade pelo fato de poder mostrar para os leitores, mesmo que brevemente, o quão semelhante é nosso país para com os EUA. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa teórica com duração de seis meses.
A VULNERABILIDADE DO TRABALHADOR RURAL EM CONDIÇÕES ANÁLOGAS À DE ESCRAVIDÃO
Authors: Diniz Anielly , Dalla Corte Thaís
Published: June 2022

O presente artigo tem como tema a vulnerabilidade do trabalhador rural. O objetivo geral foi investigar as vulnerabilidades do trabalhador rural que resultam em condições de trabalho análogas à escravidão. Para tanto, desenvolveu-se, por meio de raciocínio dedutivo, revisão de literatura descritiva, teórica e qualitativa, a partir de fontes documentais indiretas parcialmente sistematizadas. Como resultados, evidenciou-se que, apesar da proteção do ordenamento jurídico brasileiro ao trabalhador rural, ele é vulnerabilizado. Foram identificadas diferentes formas de manifestação da sua vulnerabilidade, como a negocial, a hierárquica, a técnica, a social, a psíquica e a jurídica. Na pesquisa, verificou-se que a forma de contratação autônoma retroalimenta as vulnerabilidades intrínsecas e relacionais do trabalhador rural. Em conclusão, essa pesquisa confirmou sua hipótese, uma vez que as vulnerabilidades, entre elas as decorrentes da parassubordinação, são causas do trabalho análogo à escravidão no Brasil.
The problem of rare tumors in gynecology: a clinical case of benign retroperitoneal sclerosing pelvic pecoma in 49-year-old woman
Authors: Lanchinsky V. I. , Chushkov Yu. V. , Ponomarev A. B. , Osmanov Yu. I. , Ishchenko A. I. , Vorobev N. V.
Published: June 2022

The tumor lesions of the reproductive system organs carry the leading position in the structure of gynecological diseases. One of the rare tumors that can affect the organs of the reproductive system is pecoma, which is a tumor of mesenchymal origin. Because of it’s rare occurrence the gynecologists often misinterpret available clinical data and the results of patient`s examination, diagnosing and treating the tumor as a myoma before having received the results of the histological examination. Our article describes a clinical case of a patient who had a preliminary diagnosis of uterine fibroids, and because of this fact the planned surgical treatment was carried out. But a retroperitoneal tumor originating from the uterine vein was detected during the surgery. The diagnosis of sclerosing pecoma was established by histological and immunohistochemical studies. The article analyzes the clinical features of the patient`s disease, as well as the available results of instrumental methods of examination which can lead to final diagnosis of pecoma, also difficult issues of diagnosis and tactics of diagnostic search are noted.

The literature data on the frequency of detection of pecomas, the features of their structure are presented. It is marked, that there is also a possibility of pecoma`s localization in various organs, for example, lungs, liver, kidneys, as well as in soft tissues. The possibility of multiple lesions – pecomatosis is emphasized. It is noted that among the pelvic organs the uterus is affected most often, but furthermore, the pelvic lymph nodes, the broad ligament, the omentum, the peritoneum of the pelvis and the rectum wall can be also involved in the pathological process. Risk factor of pecomas malignancy is discussed separately, the presence of three types of pecomas is determined. This fact significantly effects the probability of relapse of the tumor after surgical removal and, respectively, the tactics of postoperative follow‑up of such patients.
Study of biological activity of 2-quinoline-2-yl-derivative 1,3-tropolone in experiment
Authors: Lukbanova E. A. , Dzhenkova E. A. , Goncharova A. S. , Maksimov A. Yu. , Komarova E. F. , Minkin V. I. , Sayapin Yu. A. , Gusakov E. A. , Kurbanova L. Z. , Kiblitskaya A. A. , Zaikina E. V. , Mindar M. V. , Voloshin M. V. , Shaposhnikov A. V. , Lysenko I. B. , Nikolaeva N. V.
Published: June 2022

Purpose of the study. Was to reveal the antitumor effect of 2‑(6,8‑dimethyl‑5‑nitro‑4‑chloroquinoline‑2‑yl)‑5,6,7‑trichloro‑1,3‑tropolone in subcutaneous PDX models of human lung cancer.

Material and methods. The studied tropolone was synthesized using a method of expanding the o‑quinone cycle. Assess to it’s toxic effects was given by the survival and changes in the health status of female Balb/c Nude mice. Antitumor tropolone effects were studied in subcutaneous patient‑derived xenograft (PDX) models of human squamous cell lung cancer in Balb/c Nude mice. The average volumes of tumor nodes and tumor growth inhibition (TGI %) rate were taken into account. Biochemical blood tests and histological analysis of the tumor material were performed in recipient mice.

Results. An analysis of acute tropolone toxic effects did not reveal the lethal dose. The maximal TGI was observed on day 36 of the experiment in group 5 which have received 2.75 mg/g tropolone and accounted 73.5 % for females and 74.4 % for males. The average tumor volumes in females of this group were 431.3 ± 1,1 mm3 on day 33 of the experiment, in males – 428.9 ± 1,7 mm3 on day 30, and then the tumor volumes declined. The biochemical analysis of blood and histological examination of the tumor tissue of recipient mice reflect the severity of the antitumor effect on the dose of the studied tropolone.

Conclusion. The research demonstrated the antitumor activity of 2‑(6,8‑dimethyl‑5‑nitro‑4‑chloroquinoline‑2‑yl)‑5,6,7‑trichloro‑1,3‑tropolone against subcutaneous PDX models of human NSCLC. The revealed tendencies can be used to search for effective modes of the compound application in clinical practice.
Magnetic resonance imaging in terms of observation of patients after transanal resections of rectal tumors
Authors: Myalina S. A. , Berezovskaya T. P. , Nevolskikh A. A. , Avdeenko V. A. , Ivanov S. A. , Kaprin A. D.
Published: June 2022

Purpose of the study. Was to study the results of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the patients with malignant neoplasms (MN) of the rectum after transanal full‑layer resection of the tumor.

Materials and methods. MRI images of the pelvis of 25 patients with rectal cancer after organ–preserving surgical treatment in the volume of full‑layer excision of the tumor for the period from 2015 to 2020 of the MRI department of the A. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Centre, the Branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Centre of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation; 13 patients received additional treatment in the volume of chemoradiotherapy and brachytherapy; 13 patients underwent dynamic studies to assess the process after treatment.

The MRI picture was evaluated by T2‑WI in three planes and DWI with an ADC map in the pelvic region and aimed at the excision zone of the tumor.

Indications for MRI were the exclusion of continued tumor growth in the surgical intervention area and clinical manifestations of suture failure in the tumor excision area.

Results. All patients were divided into two groups: 11 patients with a normal course of the postoperative period where visualized a zone of scar changes in the area of surgical intervention with a low intensity signal in the T2‑WI mode, without signs of true diffusion restriction, hyper‑ and the average intensity of the signal and 14 patients with identified deviations from the normal picture: of these 10 patients with a relapse after surgical treatment, who had additional formations with signs of pathological MR signal, true diffusion restriction, which were regarded as recurrent formations in the tumor excision zone, as well as 4 patients in the tumor excision zone, a defect in the rectal wall was visualized against the background of a low intensity signal from the zone of fibrous changes, with the formation of liquid leaks, indicating the insolvency of the seams.

Conclusion. The method of MRI can be recommended as the method of choice for assessing the pelvic region after transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEM), which allows for high accuracy to exclude continued tumor growth; to assess the pelvic region for the presence of distant metastases; to determine the defect of the walls in the excision zone of tumors. MRI provides safe dynamic control.
Prognostic value of matrix metalloproteinases and transforming growth factor – β in kidney cancer
Authors: Tarasenko A. I. , Rossolovskiy A. N. , Berezinets O. L. , Bucharskaya A. B. , Pakhomiy S. S. , Efimova A. O. , Maslyakova G. N.
Published: June 2022

Purpose of the study. The study's objective is to investigate the expression level of tissue and serum markers of oncogenesis and nephrofibrosis transforming growth factor beta (TGF‑β) and matrix metalloproteinase‑9 (MMP‑9) in patients operated for various stages of renal cell carcinoma.

Materials and methods. The study prospectively included medical data of 60 patients with kidney cancer with T1–3N0M0 who received surgical treatment in the Clinic of Urologynamed after S. R. Mirotvortsev of the State Medical University from 2016 to 2019. The patients were divided into 3 groups: Group 1 included 20 patients who underwent laparoscopic kidney resection; Group 2–20 patients who underwent laparoscopic nephrectomy; Group 3–20 patients who underwent open nephrectomy. The control group consisted of 15 healthy volunteers without chronic kidney diseases. All patients signed an informed consent to participate in the study. All patients at the preoperative stage, in the early (7–10 days) and remote postoperative periods (after 1 and 2 years) were tested by solid‑phase ELISA on a StatFax 4200 analyzer using eBiosence and Cloud‑Clone Corp reagent kits for the serum concentration of oncogenesis markers MMP‑9 and TGF‑β1.

Results. Initial increase of MMP‑9 concentration was detected in all groups of PCC patients compared to the control group (p ≤ 0.05). According to the results of ROC analysis, this indicator has high specificity and sensitivity for prognosis of preoperative stage of renal cell carcinoma. The sensitivity and specificity of MMP‑9 were 87.5 % and 62 %, respectively, and the diagnostically significant level of MMP‑9 was 958 ng/ml. A comprehensive analysis of the content of MMP‑9 and TGF‑β1 oncogenesis markers in serum and tumor cells revealed the correlation of these indicators in various biological objects.

Conclusion. Markers of oncogenesis and nephrofibrosis TGF‑β1 and MMP‑9 provide an opportunity for non‑invasive monitoring of tumor progression and probability of metastasis in the clinical setting. Serum MMP‑9 are a reliable predictor of tumor growth. Serum TGF‑β1 concentration isn't a sufficiently reliable marker of tumor progression.