bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Graphene wrapped ordered LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 nanorods as promising cathode material for lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Tang Xiao , Jan S. Savut , Qian Yanyan , Xia Hui , Ni Jiangfeng , Savilov Serguei V. , Aldoshin Serguei M.
Published: July 2015

LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 nanorods wrapped with graphene nanosheets have been prepared and investigated as high energy and high power cathode material for lithium-ion batteries. The structural characterization by X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy indicates the LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 nanorods prepared from β-MnO2 nanowires have ordered spinel structure with P4332 space group. The morphological characterization by scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy reveals that the LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 nanorods of 100–200 nm in diameter are well dispersed and wrapped in the graphene nanosheets for the composite. Benefiting from the highly conductive matrix provided by graphene nanosheets and one-dimensional nanostructure of the ordered spinel, the composite electrode exhibits superior rate capability and cycling stability. As a result, the LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4-graphene composite electrode delivers reversible capacities of 127.6 and 80.8 mAh g−1 at 0.1 and 10 C, respectively and shows 94% capacity retention after 200 cycles at 1 C, greatly outperforming the bare LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 nanorod cathode. The outstanding performance of the LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4-graphene composite makes it promising as cathode material for developing high energy and high power lithium-ion batteries.
Synchronization to a bouncing ball with a realistic motion trajectory
Authors: Gan Lingyu , Huang Yingyu , Zhou Liang , Qian Cheng , Wu Xiang
Published: July 2015

Daily music experience involves synchronizing movements in time with a perceived periodic beat. It has been established for over a century that beat synchronization is less stable for the visual than for the auditory modality. This auditory advantage of beat synchronization gives rise to the hypotheses that the neural and evolutionary mechanisms underlying beat synchronization are modality-specific. Here, however, we found that synchronization to a periodically bouncing ball with a realistic motion trajectory was not less stable than synchronization to an auditory metronome. This finding challenges the auditory advantage of beat synchronization and has important implications for the understanding of the biological substrates of beat synchronization.
Global optimization and oxygen dissociation on polyicosahedral Ag32Cu6 core-shell cluster for alkaline fuel cells
Authors: Zhang N. , Chen F. Y. , Wu X.Q.
Published: July 2015

The structure of 38 atoms Ag-Cu cluster is studied by using a combination of a genetic algorithm global optimization technique and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. It is demonstrated that the truncated octahedral (TO) Ag32Cu6 core-shell cluster is less stable than the polyicosahedral (pIh) Ag32Cu6 core-shell cluster from the atomistic models and the DFT calculation shows an agreeable result, so the newfound pIh Ag32Cu6 core-shell cluster is further investigated for potential application for O2 dissociation in oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). The activation energy barrier for the O2 dissociation on pIh Ag32Cu6 core-shell cluster is 0.715 eV, where the d-band center is −3.395 eV and the density of states at the Fermi energy level is maximal for the favorable absorption site, indicating that the catalytic activity is attributed to a maximal charge transfer between an oxygen molecule and the pIh Ag32Cu6 core-shell cluster. This work revises the earlier idea that Ag32Cu6 core-shell nanoparticles are not suitable as ORR catalysts and confirms that Ag-Cu nanoalloy is a potential candidate to substitute noble Pt-based catalyst in alkaline fuel cells.
Primary microRNA processing is functionally coupled to RNAP II transcription in vitro
Authors: Yin Shanye , Yu Yong , Reed Robin
Published: July 2015

Previous studies in vivo reported that processing of primary microRNA (pri-miRNA) is coupled to transcription by RNA polymerase II (RNAP II) and can occur co-transcriptionally. Here we have established a robust in vivo system in which pri-miRNA is transcribed by RNAP II and processed to pre-miRNA in HeLa cell nuclear extracts. We show that both the kinetics and efficiency of pri-miRNA processing are dramatically enhanced in this system compared to that of the corresponding naked pri-miRNA. Moreover, this enhancement is general as it occurs with multiple pri-miRNAs. We also show that nascent pri-miRNA is efficiently processed before it is released from the DNA template. Together, our work directly demonstrates that transcription and pri-miRNA processing are functionally coupled and establishes the first in vivo model systems for this functional coupling and for co-transcriptional processing.
Transcriptome analysis of the biofilm formed by methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Tan Xiaojuan , Qin Nan , Wu Chunyan , Sheng Jiyang , Yang Rui , Zheng Beiwen , Ma Zhanshan , Liu Lin , Peng Xinhua , Jia Aiqun
Published: July 2015

Biofilm formation is regarded as one of the major determinants in the prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) as pathogens of medical device-related infection. However, methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) can also form biofilm in vitro and such biofilms are resistant to vancomycin. Hence, researching the possible mechanisms of MSSA biofilm formation is urgent and necessary. Here, we used S. aureus ATCC25923 as the model strain and studied gene expression profiles in biofilms after the treatment of ursolic acid and resveratrol using RNA-seq technology. The results showed that only ursolic acid could inhibit biofilm formation, which differed from their applied on the multiple clinical drugs resistant MRSA biofilm. RNA-seq data was validated by examining the expression of six genes involved in biofilm formation by qRT-PCR. These data analysis indicated that the mechanism of the MSSA biofilm formation was different from that of the MRSA, due to absence of accessory gene regulator (agr) function. These findings suggest that biofilms of S. aureus with agr dysfunction may be more resistant than those with agr function. Therefore, the infection from clinical MSSA may be recalcitrant once forming biofilm. Further study is necessary to uncover the mechanisms of biofilm formation in other clinical S. aureus.
Genetics of rapid eye movement sleep in humans
Authors: Adamczyk M , Ambrosius U , Lietzenmaier S , Wichniak A , Holsboer F , Friess E
Published: July 2015

The trait-like nature of electroencephalogram (EEG) is well established. Furthermore, EEG of wake and non-rapid eye movement (non-REM) sleep has been shown to be highly heritable. However, the genetic effects on REM sleep EEG microstructure are as yet unknown. REM sleep is of special interest since animal and human data suggest a connection between REM sleep abnormalities and the pathophysiology of psychiatric and neurological diseases. Here we report the results of a study in monozygotic (MZ) and dizygotic (DZ) twins examining the heritability of REM sleep EEG. We studied the architecture, spectral composition and phasic parameters of REM sleep and identified genetic effects on whole investigated EEG frequency spectrum as well as phasic REM parameters (REM density, REM activity and organization of REMs in bursts). In addition, cluster analysis based on the morphology of the EEG frequency spectrum revealed that the similarity among MZ twins is close to intra-individual stability. The observed strong genetic effects on REM sleep characteristics establish REM sleep as an important source of endophenotypes for psychiatric and neurological diseases.
Modifications of the endosomal compartment in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and fibroblasts from Alzheimer’s disease patients
Authors: Corlier F , Rivals I , Lagarde J , Hamelin L , Corne H , Dauphinot L , Ando K , Cossec J-C , Fontaine G , Dorothée G , Malaplate-Armand C , Olivier J-L , Dubois B , Bottlaender M , Duyckaerts C , Sarazin M , Potier M-C ,   Clinical ImaBio3 team, Alnajjar-Carpentier Dr Amer , Logak Dr Michel , Leder Dr Sara , Marchal Dr Dominique , Pitti-Ferandi Dr Hélène , Brugeilles Dr Hélene , Roualdes Dr Brigitte , Michon Dr Agnes
Published: July 2015

Identification of blood-based biomarkers of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) remains a challenge. Neuropathological studies have identified enlarged endosomes in post-mortem brains as the earliest cellular change associated to AD. Here the presence of enlarged endosomes was investigated in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 48 biologically defined AD patients (25 with mild cognitive impairment and 23 with dementia (AD-D)), and 23 age-matched healthy controls using immunocytochemistry and confocal microscopy. The volume and number of endosomes were not significantly different between AD and controls. However, the percentage of cells containing enlarged endosomes was significantly higher in the AD-D group as compared with controls. Furthermore, endosomal volumes significantly correlated to [C11]PiB cortical index measured by positron emission tomography in the AD group, independently of the APOE genotype, but not to the levels of amyloid-beta, tau and phosphorylated tau measured in the cerebrospinal fluid. Importantly, we confirmed the presence of enlarged endosomes in fibroblasts from six unrelated AD-D patients as compared with five cognitively normal controls. This study is the first, to our knowledge, to report morphological alterations of the endosomal compartment in peripheral cells from AD patients correlated to amyloid load that will now be evaluated as a possible biomarker.
Dopant-assisted reactive low temperature plasma probe for sensitive and specific detection of explosives
Authors: Chen Wendong , Hou Keyong , Hua Lei , Li Haiyang
Published: July 2015

The sensitivity, specificity, and repeatability for explosives detection were improved by a dopant-assisted reactive low temperature plasma (DARLTP) probe.
Collision cross sections of high-mannose N-glycans in commonly observed adduct states – identification of gas-phase conformers unique to [M − H]− ions
Authors: Struwe W. B. , Benesch J. L. , Harvey D. J. , Pagel K.
Published: July 2015

We report collision cross sections (CCS) of high-mannose N-glycans as [M + Na]+, [M + K]+, [M + H]+, [M + Cl]−, [M + H2PO4]− and [M − H]− ions, measured by drift tube (DT) ion mobility-mass spectrometry (IM-MS) in helium and nitrogen gases.
Development of a cloud-point extraction method for spectrophotometric nano determination of silver in real samples
Authors: Kassem Mohammed A.
Published: July 2015

A cloud-point extraction process using micellar medium has been investigated for the spectrophotometric determination of Ag(i) in real samples.
A ratiometric fluorescent system for carboxylesterase detection with AIE dots as FRET donors
Authors: Wu Yinglong , Huang Shuailing , Zeng Fang , Wang Jun , Yu Changmin , Huang Jing , Xie Huiting , Wu Shuizhu
Published: July 2015

A ratiometric fluorescence CaE assay was developed with AIE dots as donors in the FRET process for the first time, which is capable of detecting esterase in human serum.
Strong correlation of the growth mode and electrical properties of BiCuSeO single crystals with growth temperature
Authors: Dong Song-Tao , Lv Yang-Yang , Zhang Bin-Bin , Zhang Fan , Yao Shuhua , Chen Y. B. , Zhou Jian , Zhang Shan-Tao , Gu Zheng-Bin , Chen Yan-Feng
Published: July 2015

The surface morphology of BiCuSeO at 690 °C shows a spiral growth behavior, while those grown at 730 °C and 775 °C show a layer-by-layer growth behavior.
Structure and optoelectronic properties of helical pyridine–furan, pyridine–pyrrole and pyridine–thiophene oligomers
Authors: Sahu Harikrishna , Gupta Shashwat , Gaur Priyank , Panda Aditya N.
Published: July 2015

The optoelectronic properties of helical structures pyridine–furan, pyridine–pyrrole and pyridine–thiophene oligomers are explored using density functional theory methods.
Selective catalytic reduction of NO with NH3 over novel iron–tungsten mixed oxide catalyst in a broad temperature range
Authors: Li Xiang , Li Junhua , Peng Yue , Zhang Tao , Liu Shuai , Hao Jiming
Published: July 2015

A series of novel FeW(x) catalysts with different Fe/W molar ratios prepared by the co-precipitation method were investigated in the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NOx with NH3.
An energy-efficient catalytic process for the tandem removal of formaldehyde and benzene by metal/HZSM-5 catalysts
Authors: Wang Yu , Yao Siyu , Crocker Mark , Zhu Xiaobing , Chen Bingbing , Xie Jinglin , Shi Chuan , Ma Ding
Published: July 2015

A novel tandem temperature-pulse oxidation (TTPO) concept for energy-efficient catalytic removal of formaldehyde and benzene is proposed and realized over zeolite-hosted platinum catalysts.
Characterization of a Rh(iii) porphyrin–CO complex: its structure and reactivity with an electron acceptor
Authors: Yamazaki Shin-ichi , Yao Masaru , Asahi Masafumi , Sato Hiroyasu , Yamano Akihito , Ioroi Tsutomu
Published: July 2015

To analyse the electrocatalytic oxidation of carbon monoxide by Rh porphyrins, we isolated a CO-adduct of Rh octaethylporphyrin, and examined its properties and reactivity by IR, NMR, and X-ray crystallographic analyses.
Dye-sensitized polyoxometalate for visible-light-driven photoelectrochemical cells
Authors: Gao Junkuo , Miao Jianwei , Li Yongxin , Ganguly Rakesh , Zhao Yang , Lev Ovadia , Liu Bin , Zhang Qichun
Published: July 2015

A simple and facile one-step method for the synthesis of an organic dye-functionalized polyoxometalate (POM) hybrid with visible-light photo-response was reported.
Efficient microwave assisted synthesis of metal–organic framework UiO-66: optimization and scale up
Authors: Taddei Marco , Dau Phuong V. , Cohen Seth M. , Ranocchiari Marco , van Bokhoven Jeroen A. , Costantino Ferdinando , Sabatini Stefano , Vivani Riccardo
Published: July 2015

The microwave assisted synthesis of UiO-66 was optimized and scaled up to multigram production, evaluating the efficiency of the process by means of four quantitative indicators.
Magnetic and luminescent properties of lanthanide coordination polymers with asymmetric biphenyl-3,2′,5′-tricarboxylate
Authors: Zhao Jie , Zhu Guan-Hong , Xie Li-Qiong , Wu Ye-Si , Wu Hai-Lun , Zhou Ai-Ju , Wu Zun-Yuan , Wang Jing , Chen Yan-Cong , Tong Ming-Liang
Published: July 2015

An asymmetric ligand was employed to construct eight (3,6)-connected lanthanide complexes exhibiting slow magnetization relaxation behaviour and characteristic luminescent properties.
Synthesis and structures of [S(H)P(μ-NR)]2, potential building blocks for inorganic phosphorus–sulfur macrocycles
Authors: Benson Callum G. M. , Vasilenko Vladislav , García-Rodríguez Raúl , Bond Andrew D. , González Calera Silvia , Gade Lutz H. , Wright Dominic S.
Published: July 2015

Steric factors are the principle influence on the favourability of the cis and trans isomers of the novel dimers [S(H)P(μ-NR)]2.
Metal ion influences distortion of the ligand in the structure of [M{2-MeO(O)CC6H4NHC(S)NP(S)(OiPr)2}2] (M = ZnII, CdII) complexes: a driving force for intermolecular aggregation
Authors: Safin Damir A. , Babashkina Maria G. , Bolte Michael , Mitoraj Mariusz P. , Klein Axel
Published: July 2015

Reaction of the deprotonated 2-MeO(O)CC6H4NHC(S)NHP(S)(OiPr)2 (HL) with ZnII or CdII leads to [ZnL2] and [CdL2]. The nature of the metal cation (ZnIIvs. CdII) drives the supramolecular aggregation of molecules in the crystal structure.
Structural and magnetic properties of the low-dimensional fluoride β-FeF3(H2O)2·H2O
Authors: Nénert Gwilherm , Fabelo Oscar , Forsberg Kerstin , Colin Claire V. , Rodríguez-Carvajal Juan
Published: July 2015

We have reinvestigated the crystal structure of the low-dimensional fluoride β-FeF3(H2O)2·H2O using high resolution neutron and X-ray diffraction data.
Environmental water body characteristics in a major tributary backwater of the unique and strongly seasonal Three Gorges Reservoir, China
Authors: Holbach A. , Bi Y. , Yuan Y. , Wang L. , Zheng B. , Norra S.
Published: July 2015

The current Three Gorges Dam management causes amplified pollutant transport from the Yangtze River main stream into its tributary backwaters.
Identification of hepatoprotective xanthones from the pericarps of Garcinia mangostana, guided with tert-butyl hydroperoxide induced oxidative injury in HL-7702 cells
Authors: Wang Anqi , Liu Qianyu , Ye Yang , Wang Yitao , Lin Ligen
Published: July 2015

This study identified γ-mangostin from the pericarps of Garcinia mangostana as a potential hepatoprotective agent.
Polyol synthesis of nanoparticles: status and options regarding metals, oxides, chalcogenides, and non-metal elements
Authors: Dong H. , Chen Y.-C. , Feldmann C.
Published: July 2015

The polyol synthesis of nanoparticles is reviewed, including metals, oxides, main-group elements and recent strategies to expand the method's limits.
Multi-throughput dynamic microwave-assisted leaching coupled with inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry for heavy metal analysis in soil
Authors: Zhao Jiahui , Yan Xu , Zhou Tianyu , Wang Jing , Li Huiyu , Zhang Ping , Ding Hong , Ding Lan
Published: July 2015

The approach combines the advantages of a microwave and dynamic extraction technique, and up to five soil samples can be treated.
Correction: Identification of a novel class of autotaxin inhibitors through cross-screening
Authors: Castagna Diana , Duffy Emma L. , Semaan Dima , Young Louise C. , Pritchard John M. , Macdonald Simon J. F. , Budd David C. , Jamieson Craig , Watson Allan J. B.
Published: July 2015

Correction for ‘Identification of a novel class of autotaxin inhibitors through cross-screening’ by Diana Castagna et al., Med. Chem. Commun., 2015, 6, 1149–1155.
A novel water-soluble hydrophobically associating polyacrylamide based on oleic imidazoline and sulfonate for enhanced oil recovery
Authors: Gou Shaohua , Luo Shan , Liu Tongyi , Zhao Peng , He Yang , Pan Qinglin , Guo Qipeng
Published: July 2015

We report here a novel imidazoline functionalized hydrophobically associating copolymer that exhibits excellent rheological properties and outstanding potential for enhanced oil recovery.
Simple indole alkaloids and those with a nonrearranged monoterpenoid unit
Authors: Ishikura Minoru , Abe Takumi , Choshi Tominari , Hibino Satoshi
Published: July 2015

This review summarizes the isolation, structure determination, total syntheses and biological activities of simple indole alkaloids and those with a nonrearranged monoterpenoid unit, with literature coverage from 2012 to 2013.
Towards photodetection with high efficiency and tunable spectral selectivity: graphene plasmonics for light trapping and absorption engineering
Authors: Zhang Jianfa , Zhu Zhihong , Liu Wei , Yuan Xiaodong , Qin Shiqiao
Published: July 2015

Graphene plasmonics shows potential for light trapping in mid-infrared and THz photodetectors with high efficiency and tunable spectral selectivity.
Self-carried curcumin nanoparticles for in vitro and in vivo cancer therapy with real-time monitoring of drug release
Authors: Zhang Jinfeng , Li Shengliang , An Fei-Fei , Liu Juan , Jin Shubin , Zhang Jin-Chao , Wang Paul C. , Zhang Xiaohong , Lee Chun-Sing , Liang Xing-Jie
Published: July 2015

The use of different nanocarriers for delivering hydrophobic pharmaceutical agents to tumor sites has garnered major attention.
Hollow octahedral and cuboctahedral nanocrystals of ternary Pt–Ni–Au alloys
Authors: Shviro Meital , Polani Shlomi , Zitoun David
Published: July 2015

Hollow particles of Pt–Ni–Au alloys have been prepared through a two-step reaction with the synthesis of NiPt octahedral and cuboctahedral templates followed by galvanic replacement reaction by Au(iii).
Ultimate conductivity performance in metallic nanowire networks
Authors: Gomes da Rocha Claudia , Manning Hugh G. , O'Callaghan Colin , Ritter Carlos , Bellew Allen T. , Boland John J. , Ferreira Mauro S.
Published: July 2015

In this work, we introduce a combined experimental and computational approach to describe the conductivity of metallic nanowire networks.
Zwitterionic amphiphilic homopolymer assemblies
Authors: Ramireddy Rajasekhar R. , Prasad P. , Finne A. , Thayumanavan S.
Published: July 2015

Zwitterionic amphiphilic homopolymers, capable of forming environment dependent self-assembled aggregates, can be conveniently prepared in one-pot using activated ester-based polymer precursors.
Synthesis of polymer precursors of electroactive materials by SET-LRP
Authors: Bertrand Olivier , Ernould Bruno , Boujioui Fadoi , Vlad Alexandru , Gohy Jean-François
Published: July 2015

SET-LRP is used for the controlled copolymerisation of 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl methacrylate (TMPM) with 3-azidopropyl methacrylate (AzPMA), followed by the oxidation of TMPM to produce electroactive poly(TEMPO methacrylate) (PTMA).
Polymerization-induced self-assembly driving chiral nanostructured materials
Authors: Bauri Kamal , Narayanan Amal , Haldar Ujjal , De Priyadarsi
Published: July 2015

Amino acid coated chiral nanostructured soft materials are made by the polymerization induced self-assembly (PISA) technique, where the post-polymerization chemical group transformation leads to a morphological transition.
Single-molecule magnet involving strong exchange coupling in terbium(iii) complex with 2,2′-bipyridin-6-yl tert-butyl nitroxide
Authors: Kanetomo Takuya , Yoshii Shunsuke , Nojiri Hiroyuki , Ishida Takayuki
Published: July 2015

Intramolecular antiferromagnetic interaction in Tb-6bpyNO was confirmed by comparison with the magnetic properties of Tb-6bpyCO and Y-6bpyNO. Tb-6bpyNO showed a hysteresis loop below 1.6 K, but Tb-6bpyCO did not behave as a single-molecule magnet.
Reduction of 4-nitrophenol to 4-aminophenol using a novel Pd@NixB–SiO2/RGO nanocomposite: enhanced hydrogen spillover and high catalytic performance
Authors: Krishna Rahul , Fernandes Diana M. , Domingos Valdemar F. , Ribeiro Edivagner S. , Gil João Campos , Dias Catarina , Ventura João , Freire Cristina , Titus Elby
Published: July 2015

In the present study, we report a facile synthesis of novel Pd–NixB–SiO2/RGO (Pd@NSG) nanocomposite and discuss its enhanced H2spillover mechanism and high catalytic performance towards reduction of 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) to 4-aminopehol (4-AP).
Design and morphology control of a thiophene derivative through electrospraying using various solvents
Authors: Khanum Khadija K. , B. S Sandeep , Ramamurthy Praveen C.
Published: July 2015

A mechanism is proposed for tuning of sphere spike morphology and also control of crystallites size through solvent management using a conjugated molecule.
Effect of carrageenan and potassium chloride on an in situ gelling ophthalmic drug delivery system based on methylcellulose
Authors: Bhowmick Biplab , Sarkar Gunjan , Rana Dipak , Roy Indranil , Saha Nayan Ranjan , Ghosh Sushmita , Bhowmik Manas , Chattopadhyay Dipankar
Published: July 2015

Our research is devoted to developing a methylcellulose (MC) basedin situgelling ophthalmic formulation using pilocarpine hydrochloride as a model drug, containing different proportions of i (iota)-carrageenan and potassium chloride.
Highly efficient synthesis of amides from ketoximes using trifluoromethanesulphonic anhydride
Authors: Kalkhambkar Rajesh G. , Savanur Hemantkumar M.
Published: July 2015

Trifluoromethanesulphonic anhydride (triflic anhydride: TA) has been successfully used as a reagent for Beckmann rearrangement in the conversion of a variety of ketoximes into amides without any additive or base.
Selective sorption of palladium by thiocarbamoyl-substituted thiacalix[n]arene derivatives immobilized on amberlite resin: application to leach liquors of automotive catalysts
Authors: Yamada Manabu , Gandhi Muniyappan Rajiv , Kondo Yoshihiko , Haga Kazutoshi , Shibayama Atsushi , Hamada Fumio
Published: July 2015

Thiocarbamoyl-substituted thiacalix[n]arene derivatives immobilized on amberlite resins have the potential for application as new adsorbents for selective separation of Pd(ii) ions from leach liquors of automotive catalysts.
Synthesis, characterization and targeted cell imaging applications of poly(p-phenylene)s with amino and poly(ethylene glycol) substituents
Authors: Akbulut Huseyin , Guler Bahar , Timur Suna , Yagci Yusuf
Published: July 2015

A novel approach for bioconjugation associated with a fluorescent conjugated polymer is demonstrated.
Three-dimensional ultrathin In2O3 nanosheets with morphology-enhanced activity for amine sensing
Authors: Cao Yang , Huang Xiaoxi , Wu Yuanyuan , Zou Yong-Cun , Zhao Jun , Li Guo-Dong , Zou Xiaoxin
Published: July 2015

We prepared a three dimensional In2O3 material built by ultrathin nanosheets with an enhanced amine sensing property.
Surface-active organic matter induces salt morphology transitions during new atmospheric particle formation and growth
Authors: Daskalakis Vangelis , Charalambous Fevronia , Demetriou Constantinos , Georgiou Georgia
Published: July 2015

The salt within an aerosol nucleus assumes a brine morphology in increasing presence of organic matter on the surface. This affects, in turn, the water uptake dynamics.
Flexible hard nanocomposite coatings
Authors: Musil J.
Published: July 2015

The article reports on flexible hard nanocomposite coatings prepared by magnetron sputtering.
Synthesis of benzochromenes and dihydrophenanthridines with helical motifs using Garratt–Braverman and Buchwald–Hartwig reactions
Authors: Bhattacharya Prabuddha , Senapati Kalyan , Chattopadhyay Krishna , Mandal Santi M. , Basak Amit
Published: July 2015

X-ray structures of dihydrophenanthiridine (a) and benzochromene (b) showing greater helicity in (a).
Expert vs. novice: approaches used by chemists when solving open-ended problems
Authors: Randles C. A. , Overton T. L.
Published: July 2015

This paper describes the results of a qualitative study using ground theory to investigate the different approaches used by chemists when answering open-ended problems. The study involved undergraduate, industrialist and academic participants who individually answered three open-ended problems using a think aloud protocol. Open-ended problems are defined here as problems where not all the required data are given, where there is no one single possible strategy and there is no single correct answer to the problem. Analysis of the qualitative data identified a limited number of different approaches used to solve open-ended problems. These approaches were applied to individual participants and these were collated to identify approaches used by each group. The relative quality of solutions developed by each group was also analysed. Analysis showed that undergraduates adopted a greater number of novice-like approaches and produced poorest quality solutions, academics exhibited expert-like approaches and produced the highest quality solutions, whilst industrial chemist's approaches are described as transitional.
Mechanistic investigation of aziridine aldehyde-driven peptide macrocyclization: the imidoanhydride pathway
Authors: Zaretsky Serge , Hickey Jennifer L. , Tan Joanne , Pichugin Dmitry , St. Denis Megan A. , Ler Spencer , Chung Benjamin K. W. , Scully Conor C. G. , Yudin Andrei K.
Published: July 2015

Aziridine aldehydes participate in a multicomponent reaction with α-amino amides and isocyanides to generate reactive imidoanhydride intermediates.
Characterizing chain processes in visible light photoredox catalysis
Authors: Cismesia Megan A. , Yoon Tehshik P.
Published: July 2015

The combination of quantum yield and luminescence quenching measurements provides a method to rapidly characterize the occurrence of chain processes in a variety of photoredox reactions.
Kinetic attractor phase diagrams of active nematic suspensions: the dilute regime
Authors: Forest M. Gregory , Wang Qi , Zhou Ruhai
Published: July 2015

Large-scale simulations by the authors of the kinetic-hydrodynamic equations for active polar nematics revealed a variety of spatio-temporal attractors, including steady and unsteady, banded (1d) and cellular (2d) spatial patterns.
Effects of organic inorganic hybrid perovskite materials on the electronic properties and morphology of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) and the photovoltaic performance of planar perovskite solar cells
Authors: Xia Yijie , Sun Kuan , Chang Jingjing , Ouyang Jianyong
Published: July 2015

The deposition of a perovskite layer from its precursor solution can saliently enhance the conductivity of PEDOT:PSS.
Growth of molybdenum carbide micro-islands on carbon cloth toward binder-free cathodes for efficient hydrogen evolution reaction
Authors: Fan Meihong , Chen Hui , Wu Yuanyuan , Feng Liang-Liang , Liu Yipu , Li Guo-Dong , Zou Xiaoxin
Published: July 2015

We report the synthesis of dispersed molybdenum carbide micro-islands on carbon cloth, which can serve as efficient binder-free cathodes toward the hydrogen evolution reaction.
Crystal structure, defect chemistry and oxygen ion transport of the ferroelectric perovskite, Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3: insights from first-principles calculations
Authors: Dawson James A. , Chen Hungru , Tanaka Isao
Published: July 2015

Density functional theory (DFT) with the Hubbard U correction is used to investigate the much debated local structure and defect chemistry of NBT, with the primary focus on oxygen vacancy formation and oxygen ion transport
Cooperative assembly of an active layer utilizing the synergistic effect of a functional fullerene triad as an acceptor for efficient P3HT-based PSCs
Authors: Zhao Yue , Xu Guiying , Guo Xia , Xia Yijun , Cui Chaohua , Zhang Maojie , Song Bo , Li Yaowen , Li Yongfang
Published: July 2015

A fullerene-styrene cyano-(octyloxy)benzene triad (PCBB-CN-C8) can cooperatively assemble with poly(3-hexylthiophene) to form an active layer of polymer solar cell with well-defined microstructure.
Insight into the electrochemical behavior of micrometric Bi and Mg3Bi2as high performance negative electrodes for Mg batteries
Authors: Murgia Fabrizio , Stievano Lorenzo , Monconduit Laure , Berthelot Romain
Published: July 2015

The electrochemical behavior of micrometric Bi powder as an active electrode material for Mg batteries is revisited in a half-cell with Mg metal as the counter electrode and organohaloaluminate-based complex electrolyte.
Fetuin-A adsorption and stabilization of calcium carbonate nanoparticles in a simulated body fluid
Authors: Vasquez Erick S. , Cunningham Janice L. , McMahan Justin B. , Simpson C. LaShan , Walters Keisha B.
Published: July 2015

Fetuin-A adsorbs onto and stabilizes CaCO3, as indicated by chemical and morphological changes. Complexed Fetuin-A/CaCO3showed decreased size over time in a simulated body fluid indicating potential solubilization of CaCO3.
Fabrication of hierarchical gecko-inspired microarrays using a three-dimensional porous nickel oxide template
Authors: Zhang Enshuang , Liu Yuyan , Yu Jianxin , Lv Tong , Li Li
Published: July 2015

In the current work, a three dimensional porous nickel based (p-Ni/NiO) template processed by a simple electrodeposition method was used to fabricate the hierarchical gecko-inspired microarrays.
Metal nanowire percolation micro-grids embedded in elastomers for stretchable and transparent conductors
Authors: Park Sang-Min , Jang Nam-Su , Ha Sung-Hun , Kim Kang Hyun , Jeong Dong-Wook , Kim Jeonghyo , Lee Jaebeom , Kim Soo Hyung , Kim Jong-Man
Published: July 2015

A new class of highly stretchable and transparent conductors based on silver nanowire (AgNW) percolation micro-grids prepared by spray-coating and subsequent adhesive-tape-assisted contact removal of AgNWs is presented.
High quality LED lamps using color-tunable Ce3+-activated yellow-green oxyfluoride solid-solution and Eu3+-doped red borate phosphors
Authors: Dai W. B. , Ye S. , Li E. L. , Zhuo P. Z. , Zhang Q. Y.
Published: July 2015

Warm white light has been demonstrated using color-tunable Ce3+-activated yellow-green oxyfluoride solid-solution and Eu3+-doped red borate phosphors.
A fluorescent probe for benzenethiols and its application on test paper, in water samples and living cells
Authors: Zhang Wenying , Liu Xingjiang , Zhang Hongyan , Feng Chengcheng , Liu Chunxia , Yu Mingming , Wei Liuhe , Li Zhanxian
Published: July 2015

Using the selective cleavage of 2,4-dinitrobenzenesulfonamide by benzenethiols, a 1,8-naphthalimide-based OFF-ON fluorescent probe was synthesized and its application was demonstrated.
Flexible copper wires through galvanic replacement of zinc paste: a highly cost-effective technology for wiring flexible printed circuits
Authors: Liu Jingping , Yang Cheng , Zou Peichao , Yang Rui , Xu Chao , Xie Binghe , Lin Ziyin , Kang Feiyu , Wong Ching Ping
Published: July 2015

This work demonstrates a galvanic replacement reaction based route to fabricate highly conductive flexible Cu circuits. The Zn/epoxy paste serves as a seed layer and interconnects the electroplated Cu layer to the substrate.
Crystal structure refinement and luminescence properties of blue-green-emitting CaSrAl2SiO7:Ce3+,Li+,Eu2+ phosphors
Authors: Miao Shihai , Xia Zhiguo , Molokeev Maxim S. , Zhang Jie , Liu Quanlin
Published: July 2015

Structural and blue-green tunable luminescence properties of Ce3+/Li+,Eu2+ singly doped and Ce3+/Li+/Eu2+-co-doped CaSrAl2SiO7 phosphors have been studied.
Synthesis and fluorescence properties of a nanoisland-structured SiOx/CuxO composite
Authors: Lu Xu , Ishida Yohei , Nguyen Mai Thanh , Yonezawa Tetsu
Published: July 2015

Dual-visible-band photoluminescence from a SiOx/CuxO composite was observed. The common red PL quenching phenomenon did not occur.
Manipulation of multiple-responsive fluorescent supramolecular materials based on the inclusion complexation of cyclodextrins with Tyloxapol
Authors: Shen Jinglin , Pang Jinyu , Kalwarczyk Tomasz , Hołyst Robert , Xin Xia , Xu Guiying , Luan Xiaoyu , Yang Yingjie
Published: July 2015

Response of a 100 mg mL−1 α-CD/15 mg mL−1 Tyloxapol hydrogel towards additives, pH, temperature and solvent.
Value of Qualitative Research in Dysphagia in the Head and Neck Cancer Patient Population- the Caregiver's Perspective/Experience
Authors: Patterson Joanne
Published: July 2015

Treatments for head and neck cancer (HNC) have evolved over time, resulting in an increase in outpatient delivery and shorter hospital stays. Head and neck cancer (HNC) patients experience major changes to basic functions, increasing their dependency on others. With this in mind, the demands placed on family members as carers has increased in complexity and intensity, for which they may have just minimal preparation. Caring for someone with dysphagia presents with specific issues relating to adherence to advice, patient safety, and patient adjustment to their altered self. In addition to this, carers are often coming to terms with major changes to their lifestyle, adjusting to their new role, and dealing with their partner's diagnosis of cancer. Despite its importance, there is minimal research in the field with the burden of care being little understood from this perspective. When issues are not clearly defined, an exploratory research approach is required, which is best conducted using qualitative methodology. Qualitative papers show a number of common themes surrounding the HNC carers' perspective on dysphagia. More work is required to further explore this emerging field with development of ways in which they can be best supported.
Low‐loss compact MEMS phase shifter for phased array antennas
Authors: Abdellatif A.S. , Abdel Aziz A. , Mansour R.R. , Safavi‐Naeini S.
Published: July 2015

A compact and low‐loss MEMS‐based phase shifter is proposed for microwave/millimetre‐wave phased array antenna systems. The proposed phase shifter is an alumina‐based CPW line, loaded with a variable series capacitor. The phase shifter uses an electromagnetic MEMS actuator to change the capacitor value. A simple three‐mask surface micromachining process has been developed for device fabrication. The measurements at 26 GHz show a phase shift of 20°. The overall size of the phase shifter (including the actuator) is 0.5 × 1.5 mm. The measured average insertion loss is 0.75 dB with a variation of 0.4 dB for different phase shifts across the band from 24.5 to 26.5 GHz.
Compact broadband circular polariser based on two‐layer frequency‐selective surfaces
Authors: Hou Jian‐Qiang , Shi Ling‐Feng , Chen Sen , Gou Zhong‐Rong
Published: July 2015

A compact two‐layer frequency‐selective surface is presented to design circular polarisers for broadband applications. By optimising the parameters of the semi‐circle metal strip element, an excellent simulated bandwidth of axial ratio (AR) (lower than 3 dB) is achieved from 10.02 to 11.09 GHz, while the amplitude of the transmission coefficient is higher than 0.8. Furthermore, the polariser unit cell is less sensitive to the range of oblique incidence angles. To verify the proposed design, an X‐band circular polariser prototype is fabricated and measured. The results show that excellent AR performance can be achieved; the measured AR of the transmission wave is lower than 3 dB in the band from 9 to 12 GHz.
V–I converter‐based voltage‐controlled oscillator with improved linear gain characteristic
Authors: Ko Jaehong , An Chang‐Ho , Kim Chulwoo , Kim Soo‐Won
Published: July 2015

A voltage–current (V–I) converter‐based voltage‐controlled oscillator (VCO) is adapted to generate multiple‐phase clocks for clock and data recovery for a display driver IC. The proposed V–I converter changed the second‐order current equation of the VCO to a first‐order current equation of the VCO, to achieve a wide operating frequency range, a linear gain (KVCO) within a wide control voltage, low power, and a small area without any extra circuits, such as a low‐to‐full amplifier. Owing to the V–I converter, KVCO is changed from 8.43 to 2.05 MHz/mV with a wider Vctrl range, and its tuning range is changed from 114 to 452 MHz with a linear gain characteristic. The proposed VCO is implemented in a 1P6M 1.8 V technology and is suitable for the phase‐locked loop used in flat‐panel display interfaces that operate from 0.3 to 2 Gbit/s.
Measuring meaningful information in images: algorithmic specified complexity
Authors: Ewert Winston , Dembski William A. , Marks Robert J.
Published: July 2015

Both Shannon and Kolmogorov–Chaitin–Solomonoff (KCS) information models fail to measure meaningful information in images. Pictures of a cow and correlated noise can both have the same Shannon and KCS information, but only the image of the cow has meaning. The application of ‘algorithmic specified complexity’ (ASC) to the problem of distinguishing random images, simple images and content‐filled images is explored. ASC is a model for measuring meaning using conditional KCS complexity. The ASC of various images given a context of a library of related images is calculated. The ‘portable network graphic’ (PNG) file format's compression is used to account for typical redundancies found in images. Images which containing content can thereby be distinguished from those containing simply redundancies, meaningless or random noise.
Parametric sensitivity analysis for stochastic molecular systems using information theoretic metrics
Authors: Tsourtis Anastasios , Pantazis Yannis , Katsoulakis Markos A. , Harmandaris Vagelis
Published: July 2015

In this paper, we present a parametric sensitivity analysis (SA) methodology for continuous time and continuous space Markov processes represented by stochastic differential equations. Particularly, we focus on stochastic molecular dynamics as described by the Langevin equation. The utilized SA method is based on the computation of the information-theoretic (and thermodynamic) quantity of relative entropy rate (RER) and the associated Fisher information matrix (FIM) between path distributions, and it is an extension of the work proposed by Y. Pantazis and M. A. Katsoulakis [J. Chem. Phys. 138, 054115 (2013)]. A major advantage of the pathwise SA method is that both RER and pathwise FIM depend only on averages of the force field; therefore, they are tractable and computable as ergodic averages from a single run of the molecular dynamics simulation both in equilibrium and in non-equilibrium steady state regimes. We validate the performance of the extended SA method to two different molecular stochastic systems, a standard Lennard-Jones fluid and an all-atom methane liquid, and compare the obtained parameter sensitivities with parameter sensitivities on three popular and well-studied observable functions, namely, the radial distribution function, the mean squared displacement, and the pressure. Results show that the RER-based sensitivities are highly correlated with the observable-based sensitivities.
Quantum dynamical simulation of the scattering of Ar from a frozen LiF(100) surface based on a first principles interaction potential
Authors: Azuri Asaf , Pollak Eli
Published: July 2015

In-plane two and three dimensional diffraction patterns are computed for the vertical scattering of an Ar atom from a frozen LiF(100) surface. Suitable collimation of the incoming wavepacket serves to reveal the quantum mechanical diffraction. The interaction potential is based on a fit to an ab initio potential calculated using density functional theory with dispersion corrections. Due to the potential coupling found between the two horizontal surface directions, there are noticeable differences between the quantum angular distributions computed for two and three dimensional scattering. The quantum results are compared to analogous classical Wigner computations on the same surface and with the same conditions. The classical dynamics largely provides the envelope for the quantum diffractive scattering. The classical results also show that the corrugation along the [110] direction of the surface is smaller than along the [100] direction, in qualitative agreement with experimental observations of unimodal and bimodal scattering for the [110] and [100] directions, respectively.
A source for microhydrated biomolecules
Authors: Förstel M. , Neustetter M. , Denifl S. , Lelievre F. , Hergenhahn U.
Published: July 2015

We describe the construction of an apparatus for the production of a molecular jet of microhydrated biomolecules. Our design uses a water reservoir producing water vapour, which then passes through a separate reservoir containing a vapour of a sublimated biomolecule. The mixture coexpands into a molecular beam apparatus through a conical nozzle. Mass spectra showing water-adenin and water-uracil complexes are shown as typical examples. Suitable expansion conditions are reached without the use of an inert carrier gas.
Circularly polarized microwaves for magnetic resonance study in the GHz range: Application to nitrogen-vacancy in diamonds
Authors: Mrózek M. , Mlynarczyk J. , Rudnicki D. S. , Gawlik W.
Published: July 2015

The ability to create time-dependent magnetic fields of controlled polarization is essential for many experiments with magnetic resonance. We describe a microstrip circuit that allows us to generate strong magnetic field at microwave frequencies with arbitrary adjusted polarization. The circuit performance is demonstrated by applying it to an optically detected magnetic resonance and Rabi nutation experiments in nitrogen-vacancy color centers in diamond. Thanks to high efficiency of the proposed microstrip circuit and degree of circular polarization of 85%; it is possible to address the specific spin states of a diamond sample using a low power microwave generator. The circuit may be applied to a wide range of magnetic resonance experiments with a well-controlled polarization of microwaves.
Coalescence and breakup of large droplets in turbulent channel flow
Authors: Scarbolo Luca , Bianco Federico , Soldati Alfredo
Published: July 2015

Coalescence and breakup of large deformable droplets dispersed in a wall-bounded turbulent flow are investigated. Droplets much larger than the Kolmogorov length scale and characterized by a broad range of surface tension values are considered. The turbulent field is a channel flow computed with pseudo-spectral direct numerical simulations, while phase interactions are described with a phase field model. Within this physically consistent framework, the motion of the interfaces, the capillary effects, and the complex topological changes experienced by the droplets are simulated in detail. An oil-water emulsion is mimicked: the fluids are considered of same density and viscosity for a range of plausible values of surface tension, resulting in a simplified system that sets a benchmark for further analysis. In the present conditions, the Weber number (We), that is, the ratio between inertia and surface tension, is a primary factor for determining the droplets coalescence rate and the occurrence of breakups. Depending on the value of We, two different regimes are observed: when We is smaller than a threshold value (We < 1 in our simulations), coalescence dominates until droplet-droplet interactions are prevented by geometric separation; when We is larger than the threshold value (We > 1), a permanent dynamic equilibrium between coalescence and breakup events is established.
Entropy constraints on convergence in the infinite-N Kuramoto model
Authors: Nordenfelt Anders
Published: July 2015

We clarify the degree to which the entropy functional puts constraints on the possibility of convergence of states in the infinite-N Kuramoto model. It is shown that convergence to the uniform incoherent state is impossible in the L2 norm but it is left as an open question whether the same can be said about convergence in the L1 norm. We conclude with a discussion on the entropy of the marginal density function where similar constraints do not apply.
Methane emissions from young and mature dairy cattle
Authors: Ramírez-Restrepo C. A. , Clark H. , Muetzel S.
Published: July 2015

Daily methane (CH4) emissions (g) and CH4 yield (g/kg dry matter intake) were measured from 10 dairy heifers (<1 year old) and nine rumen-fistulated cows (>6 years old) fed ryegrass (Lolium perenne) chaffage indoors. The CH4 emissions were estimated using the sulfur hexafluoride tracer technique in four ~5-day periods beginning in June 2008 and repeated 4, 6 and 7 months later. Respiratory chambers were used in four ~13-day periods beginning in November 2008 and repeated 2, 5 and 6 months later. Third and fourth sulfur hexafluoride tracer periods overlapped with the first and second chamber measurement periods, respectively. Averaged over the four measurement periods the CH4 yields determined using both techniques were similar for heifers and cows. The mean CH4 yield estimated by the sulfur hexafluoride tracer technique was 25.3 ± 0.52 for heifers and 24.1 ± 0.55 for mature cows, whereas the mean CH4 yield measured in respiratory chambers was 23.7 ± 0.66 for heifers and 23.6 ± 0.66 for mature cows. Averaged over the eight measurements irrespective of technique, CH4 yields for heifers (24.5 ± 0.42) and cows (23.8 ± 0.43) were similar. There was also no difference between CH4 methods for assessing CH4 yield during the overlapping measurement periods. It was concluded that no consistent differences in CH4 yield existed between heifers and mature cows. Therefore, we do not recommend adoption of an age-related emission factor for cattle in the national inventory calculations for New Zealand.
Drivers for the renaissance of coal
Authors: Steckel Jan Christoph , Edenhofer Ottmar , Jakob Michael
Published: July 2015

Significance

The current carbonization of the global energy system poses a severe challenge for efforts to reduce carbon emissions. Here we show that the increase in the carbon intensity of energy production is caused mainly by the increased use of coal, not only in China and India but also across a broad range of developing countries, especially poor, fast-growing countries mainly in Asia. The (relatively) low coal prices are an important reason countries choose coal to satisfy their energy needs. This result underlines the importance of cheaply available energy for economic growth and suggests that viable alternatives to cheap coal will be required to ensure the participation of developing countries in global climate change mitigation.