bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Variation and internal-external driving forces of grey water footprint efficiency in China’s Yellow River Basin
Authors: Li Yun , Liu Yu , Yang Lihua , Fu Tianbo
Published: March 2023

Grey water footprint (GWF) efficiency is a reflection of both water pollution and the economy. The assessment of GWF and its efficiency is conducive to improving water environment quality and achieving sustainable development. This study introduces a comprehensive approach to assessing and analyzing the GWF efficiency. Based on the measurement of the GWF efficiency, the kernel density estimation and the Dagum Gini coefficient method are introduced to investigate the spatial and temporal variation of the GWF efficiency. The Geodetector method is also innovatively used to investigate the internal and external driving forces of GWF efficiency, not only revealing the effects of individual factors, but also probing the interaction between different drivers. For demonstrating this assessment approach, nine provinces in China’s Yellow River Basin from 2005 to 2020 are chosen for the study. The results show that: (1) the GWF efficiency of the basin increases from 23.92 yuan/m3 in 2005 to 164.87 yuan/m3 in 2020, showing a distribution pattern of "low in the western and high in the eastern". Agricultural GWF is the main contributor to the GWF. (2) The temporal variation of the GWF efficiency shows a rising trend, and the kernel density curve has noticeable left trailing and polarization characteristics. The spatial variation of the GWF efficiency fluctuates upwards, accompanied by a rise in the overall Gini coefficient from 0.25 to 0.28. Inter-regional variation of the GWF efficiency is the primary source of spatial variation, with an average contribution of 73.39%. (3) For internal driving forces, economic development is the main driver of the GWF efficiency, and the interaction of any two internal factors enhances the explanatory power. For external driving forces, capital stock reflects the greatest impact. The interaction combinations with the highest q statistics for upstream, midstream and downstream are capital stock and population density, technological innovation and population density, and industrial structure and population density, respectively.
Short version of the smartphone addiction scale: Measurement invariance across gender
Authors: Yue Heng , Yue Xiwen , Liu Bo , Li Xueshan , Dong Yaohua , Bao Hugejiletu
Published: March 2023

The Smartphone Addiction Scale Short Version (SAS-SV) has been widely used in research, but little is known about the measurement invariance across gender. The current study measured SAS-SV invariance between male and female college students in a sample of 1112 participants. Single- and multiple-group confirmatory factor analyses (CFAs) of smartphone addiction symptom ratings were conducted using R program with RStudio. SAS-SV was psychometrically robust in measuring the severity of smartphone addiction among college students, as well as the gender-based invariance. The differences in SAS-SV between male and female participants were likely to represent true gender differences, and meaningful comparisons could be made.
Relationship between stair ascent gait speed, bone density and gait characteristics of postmenopausal women
Authors: Dostan Ali , Dobson Catherine A. , Vanicek Natalie
Published: March 2023

Stair ascent is a biomechanically challenging task for older women. Bone health may affect gait stability during stair walking. This study investigated the gait biomechanics associated with stair ascent in a group of postmenopausal women in relation to walking speed and bone health, quantified by T-score. Forty-five healthy women (mean (SD) age: 67 (14) years), with bone density ranging from healthy to osteoporotic (T-score range +1 to -3), ascended a custom-made five-step staircase with two embedded force plates, surrounded by 10 motion capture cameras, at their self-selected speed. Multivariate regression analyses investigated the explained variance in gait parameters in relation to stair ascent speed and T-score of each individual. Stair ascent speed was 0.65 (0.1) m·s-1 and explained the variance (R2 = 9 to 47%, P ≤ 0.05) in most gait parameters. T-score explained additional variance in stride width (R2 = 20%, P = 0.014), pelvic hike (R2 = 19%, P = 0.011), pelvic drop (R2 = 21%, P = 0.007) and hip adduction (R2 = 7%, P = 0.054). Increased stride width, and thereby a wider base of support, accompanied by increased frontal plane hip kinematics, could be important strategies to improve dynamic stability during stair ascent among this group of women. These findings suggest that targeted exercises of the hip abductors and adductors, including core trunk musculature, could improve dynamic stability during more challenging locomotor tasks. Balance exercises that challenge base of support could also benefit older women with low bone mineral density who may be at risk of falls.
Distinct function of SPL genes in age-related resistance in Arabidopsis
Authors: Hu Lanxi , Qi Peng , Peper Alan , Kong Feng , Yao Yao , Yang Li
Published: March 2023

In plants, age-related resistance (ARR) refers to a gain of disease resistance during shoot or organ maturation. ARR associated with vegetative phase change, a transition from juvenile to adult stage, is a widespread agronomic trait affecting resistance against multiple pathogens. How innate immunity in a plant is differentially regulated during successive stages of shoot maturation is unclear. In this work, we found that Arabidopsis thaliana showed ARR against its bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 during vegetative phase change. The timing of the ARR activation was associated with a temporal drop of miR156 level. The microRNA miR156 maintains juvenile phase by inhibiting the accumulation and translation of SPL transcripts. A systematic inspection of the loss- and gain-of-function mutants of 11 SPL genes revealed that a subset of SPL genes, notably SPL2, SPL10, and SPL11, activated ARR in adult stage. The immune function of SPL10 was independent of its role in morphogenesis. Furthermore, the SPL10 mediated an age-dependent augmentation of the salicylic acid (SA) pathway partially by direct activation of PAD4. Disrupting SA biosynthesis or signaling abolished the ARR against Pto DC3000. Our work demonstrated that the miR156-SPL10 module in Arabidopsis is deployed to operate immune outputs over developmental timing.
Estimation of groundwater recharge in semiarid regions under variable land use and rainfall conditions: A case study of Rajasthan, India
Authors: Yadav Basant , Parker Alison , Sharma Anupma , Sharma Rakesh , Krishan Gopal , Kumar Suraj , Le Corre Kristell , Moreno Pablo Campo , Singh Jaswant
Published: March 2023

In the semiarid regions of India, the annual rainfall is very low (~650 mm) and erratic; hence groundwater recharge is vital to support crops, especially in the winter season. For groundwater budgeting it is essential to consider how groundwater recharge is affected by both land-use and rainfall distribution. This study used a soil water balance approach, considering hydrological, meteorological, hydrogeological and crop information to understand the recharge process in semiarid regions. The approach was used at a sub-watershed scale where farmers grow rainfed and irrigated crops. Delayed recharge response on the water table was considered to estimate actual recharge, which closely matches the observed water levels in the field. The recharge estimated in rainfed agricultural lands, rainfed-irrigated agricultural lands, and barren lands was 29%, 17%, and 31% of the total inflow.
Sozialwissenschaftliche Einführungstexte als Lektüreerlebnis?
Authors: Grammes Tilman , Kindler Hinrich
Published: March 2023

Diese Skizze prüft an einer Reihe von illustrativen Beispielen aus einführenden Lehrbüchern der Soziologie und der Politikwissenschaft, inwiefern diese Fachbücher auch als schöne Literatur (Belletristik) gelesen und angeeignet werden können. Dazu wird eine wissenssoziologische Perspektive eingenommen, weil diese die Verschränkung von Epistemologien und Darstellungsformen als mehrfache Vermittlungen fassbar macht. Wie bei einem Roman lässt sich über das Verhältnis von erzählter Welt und realer Welt nachdenken. Wie bei einem Gedicht kann durch Form und Struktur der Sinn beeinflusst werden. Wie bei einem Drama dient eine eröffnende Szene zur Exposition der handelnden Figuren und des sich entwickelnden Konflikts.
»Virtual Skills Lab« - Transdisziplinäres Forschen zur Vermittlung sozialer Kompetenzen im digitalen Wandel
Authors: Neundlinger Klaus , Frankus Elisabeth , Häufler Ines , Layer-Wagner Thomas , Kriglstein Simone , Schrank Beate
Published: March 2023

Inter- bzw. transdisziplinäre Forschungsarbeit ist im aktuellen Wissenschaftsbereich häufig gängige Praxis, obwohl die Verständnisse über Umfang und Strukturen einer solchen Zusammenarbeit keineswegs einheitlich sind. Die Autor*innen vermitteln anhand eines Virtual-Reality-Trainings für soziale Kompetenzen Einblicke in die Prozesse des gemeinsamen Forschens. In einer Reihe von Gesprächen reflektieren sie über die Ideenfindung zu ihrem Projekt des »Virtual Skills Lab«, die Entwicklung der dazugehörigen Forschungsfrage sowie deren Ausarbeitung in Form der interaktiven Szene. Entlang dieses Beispiels für virtuelles Training werden schließlich praktische Empfehlungen zur Gestaltung der übergreifenden Zusammenarbeit im digitalen Wandel angeboten.
Der Mensch als politisches Argument
Authors: Höntzsch Frauke
Published: March 2023

Politisches Denken und Handeln setzt immer schon ein Bild vom Menschen voraus und doch bleibt der Mensch als politisches Argument häufig im Dunkeln. Frauke Höntzsch skizziert eine politikwissenschaftliche Anthropologie, deren Ziel es ist, die Struktur und den Status anthropologischer Argumente im politischen Denken offenzulegen, um sie so der Kritik zugänglich zu machen. Die Systematisierung anthropologischer Argumente im politischen Denken zeigt dabei nicht nur die Anthropologiekritik als anthropologische Argumentation, sondern generiert mit den untereinander konkurrierenden paradigmatischen Vorstellungen des Menschen zugleich ein politikwissenschaftliches Analyseinstrument.
Agua, locura y feminidad: La representación de la mujer en el cine de ficción
Authors: López José
Published: March 2023

El cine de ficción reciente ha recurrido a la imagen del agua asociada a la mujer para retratar diferentes aspectos de la condición femenina, especialmente aquellos referidos a la sexualidad libre. Sin embargo, esta asociación tiene otro componente que suele ser pasado por alto: la locura. La triada mujer-agua-locura, comprendida desde una perspectiva foucaltiana, implica un tipo de representación donde aún se concibe la sexualidad femenina como tabú dentro de las sociedades modernas. De esta forma, a aquellos personajes femeninos independientes en su sexualidad se los condena a las aguas, en tanto estas acogen todo aquello considerado irracional para la mentalidad occidental. El estudio de tres de las cintas más importantes de la filmografía de los últimos 30 años (El piano, Las horas y La forma del agua) revela la complejidad de este tipo particular de representación.
Mice with endothelial cell‐selective adhesion molecule deficiency develop coronary microvascular rarefaction and left ventricle diastolic dysfunction
Authors: Buncha Vadym , Fopiano Katie Anne , Lang Liwei , Williams Celestine , Horuzsko Anatolij , Filosa Jessica Andrea , Kapuku Gaston , Bagi Zsolt
Published: March 2023

Endothelial cell‐selective adhesion molecule (ESAM) regulates inflammatory cell adhesion and transmigration and promotes angiogenesis. Here, we examined the role of ESAM in cardiac vascularization, inflammatory cell infiltration, and left ventricle (LV) diastolic function under basal and hemodynamic stress conditions. We employed mice with homozygous genetic deletion of ESAM (ESAM−/−) and also performed uninephrectomy and aldosterone infusion (UNX‐Aldo) to induce volume and pressure overload. Using echocardiography, we found that ESAM−/− mice display no change in systolic function. However, they develop LV diastolic dysfunction, as indicated by a significantly reduced E/A ratio (E = early, A = late mitral inflow peak velocities), increased E/e’ ratio, isovolumic relaxation time (IVRT), and E wave deceleration time. An unbiased automated tracing and 3D reconstruction of coronary vasculature revealed that ESAM−/− mice had reduced coronary vascular density. Arteries of ESAM−/− mice exhibited impaired endothelial sprouting and in cultured endothelial cells siRNA‐mediated ESAM knockdown reduced tube formation. Changes in ESAM−/− mice were accompanied by elevated myocardial inflammatory cytokine and myeloperoxidase‐positive neutrophil levels. Furthermore, UNX‐Aldo procedure in wild type mice induced LV diastolic dysfunction, which was accompanied by significantly increased serum ESAM levels. When compared to wild types, ESAM−/− mice with UNX‐Aldo displayed worsening of LV diastolic function, as indicated by increased IVRT and pulmonary edema. Thus, we propose that ESAM plays a mechanistic role in proper myocardial vascularization and the maintenance of LV diastolic function under basal and hemodynamic stress conditions.
Separation functions and mild topologies
Authors: Mennucci Andrea C. G.
Published: March 2023

Given

M

M

and

N

N

Hausdorff topological spaces, we study topologies on the space

C

0

(

M
;

N

)

{C}^{0}\left(M;\hspace{0.33em}N)

of continuous maps

f
:
M
→
N

f:M\to N

. We review two classical topologies, the “strong” and the “weak” topology. We propose a definition of “mild topology” that is coarser than the “strong” and finer than the “weak” topology. We compare properties of these three topologies, in particular with respect to proper continuous maps

f
:
M
→
N

f:M\to N

, and affine actions when

N
=

R

n

N={{\mathbb{R}}}^{n}

. To define the “mild topology” we use “separation functions;” these “separation functions” are somewhat similar to the usual “distance function

d

(

x
,
y

)

d\left(x,y)

” in metric spaces

(

M
,
d

)

\left(M,d)

, but have weaker requirements. Separation functions are used to define pseudo balls that are a global base for a T2 topology. Under some additional hypotheses, we can define “set separation functions” that prove that the topology is T6. Moreover, under further hypotheses, we will prove that the topology is metrizable. We provide some examples of uses of separation functions: one is the aforementioned case of the mild topology on

C

0

(

M
;

N

)

{C}^{0}\left(M;\hspace{0.33em}N)

. Other examples are the Sorgenfrey line and the topology of topological manifolds.
Rachel Seiffert’sA Boy in Winter(2017) and the Literary Construction of Ukraine
Authors: Vice Sue
Published: March 2023

This article analyses the literary representation of Nazi-occupied Ukraine in Rachel Seiffert’s 2017 novelA Boy in Winter. It does so by exploring the novel’s documentary and fictional influences, from which its concern with the genocide of the Jews and the German colonization of the East is crafted. The alterations and omissions from the historical accounts and the novel’s use of modernist literary techniques combine in a way that resembles the methods of other examples of Holocaust fiction, but in this case to create a distinctive allegorical mode. The article concludes by arguing that ultimately the most significant influence onA Boy in Winteris a novel from almost a century earlier, Joseph Roth’sThe Radetzky March(1932).
Time-varying gradient metasurface with applications in all-optical beam steering
Authors: Karimi Mohammad , Alam M. Zahirul , Upham Jeremy , Reshef Orad , Boyd Robert W.
Published: March 2023

Integrating the large, subpicosecond nonlinear optical response of epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) materials with the broad design freedoms of plasmonic metasurfaces shows potential for creating rapidly modulated optical devices with possible applications in telecommunications, sensing, and reactive beam steering. In this work, we experimentally investigate a metasurface consisting of a plasmonic gradient array on a thin layer of indium tin oxide (ITO), characterize how incident probe pulses diffract from a system as it is being dynamically modulated by a pump pulse at wavelengths near the ENZ region. Angular shifts in the diffraction orders are observed and can be principally attributed to the adiabatic wavelength conversion of the probe as it witnesses the temporal change of index induced by the pump. Of note, the asymmetric gradient metasurface, considered to be a blazed diffraction grating, shows significantly different dynamic responses for different diffraction orders. The free-space wavelength shift to +1 and −1 diffraction orders is 6 and 12 nm, resulting in steering angle changes of 0.65 and 1.5°, respectively.
Crystal structure of 7α,11α-dihydroxy-15-oxo-ent-kauran-16-en-19,6β-olide, C20H26O5
Authors: Zhang Lu , Yuan Hang , Ye Jiang-Hai , He Kang , Lai Chun-Hua , Zou Juan
Published: March 2023

C20H26O5, monoclinic, P212121 (no. 19), a = 7.5455(15) Å, b = 12.735(3) Å, c = 18.333(4) Å, V = 1761.6(6) Å3, Z = 4,

R

g
t

${R}_{gt}$

(F) = 0.0529,

w

R

r
e
f

$w{R}_{ref}$

(F
2) = 0.1407, T = 273(2) K.
Changes in sward structure, plant morphology and growth of perennial ryegrass–white clover swards over winter
Authors: Guy C. , Gilliland T. J. , Hennessy D. , Coughlan F. , McCarthy B.
Published: March 2023

White clover (Trifolium repens L.) is at a disadvantage to perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.; PRG) due to its limited cold tolerance and low growth rates at colder temperatures, which can affect subsequent spring herbage dry matter (DM) availability. The effect of PRG ploidy on white clover morphology and growth over winter, and its subsequent recovery in spring and the following growing season, is poorly understood. The objective of this study was to compare the effect of white clover inclusion and PRG ploidy on sward structure, plant morphology and growth of PRG–white clover swards over winter. Four swards (diploid PRG only, tetraploid PRG only, diploid PRG–white clover and tetraploid PRG–white clover) were evaluated over a full winter period (November–February) at a farmlet scale. The PRG ploidy had no effect on herbage DM production, white clover content or tissue turnover (P > 0.05) over winter. However, white clover inclusion caused a significant decrease in herbage DM production (P < 0.001; −254 kg DM/ha) and tiller density (P < 0.001; −1,953 tillers/m2) over winter. Stolon mass was not affected by PRG ploidy (P > 0.05); however, stolon length and number of leaves per stolon were affected by PRG ploidy (P < 0.05). Including white clover in PRG swards can alter winter sward dynamics, potentially causing difficulties in subsequent spring management and performance due to the reduced over-winter growth rate when compared with PRG.
A Role for Second Messengers in Axodendritic Neuronal Polarity
Authors: Urrutia Pamela J. , González-Billault Christian
Published: March 2023

Neuronal polarization is a complex molecular process regulated by intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms. Nerve cells integrate multiple extracellular cues to generate intracellular messengers that ultimately control cell morphology, metabolism, and gene expression. Therefore, second messengers' local concentration and temporal regulation are crucial elements for acquiring a polarized morphology in neurons. This review article summarizes the main findings and current understanding of how Ca2+, IP3, cAMP, cGMP, and hydrogen peroxide control different aspects of neuronal polarization, and highlights questions that still need to be resolved to fully understand the fascinating cellular processes involved in axodendritic polarization.
Differential Laminar Activation Dissociates Encoding and Retrieval in the Human Medial and Lateral Entorhinal Cortex
Authors: Zhang Kaihua , Chen Liuyi , Li Yinghao , Paez Adrian G. , Miao Xinyuan , Cao Di , Gu Chunming , Pekar James J. , van Zijl Peter C.M. , Hua Jun , Bakker Arnold
Published: March 2023

The hierarchically organized structures of the medial temporal lobe are critically important for episodic memory function. Accumulating evidence suggests dissociable information processing pathways are maintained throughout these structures including in the medial and lateral entorhinal cortex. Cortical layers provide an additional dimension of dissociation as the primary input to the hippocampus derives from layer 2 neurons in the entorhinal cortex, whereas the deeper layers primarily receive output from the hippocampus. Here, novel high-resolution T2-prepared functional MRI methods were successfully used to mitigate susceptibility artifacts typically affecting MRI signals in this region providing uniform sensitivity across the medial and lateral entorhinal cortex. During the performance of a memory task, healthy human subjects (age 25–33 years, mean age 28.2 ± 3.3 years, 4 female) showed differential functional activation in the superficial and deep layers of the entorhinal cortex associated with task-related encoding and retrieval conditions, respectively. The methods provided here offer an approach to probe layer-specific activation in normal cognition and conditions contributing to memory impairment.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThis study provides new evidence for differential neuronal activation in the superficial versus deep layers of the entorhinal cortex associated with encoding and retrieval memory processes, respectively, in cognitively normal adults. The study further shows that this dissociation can be observed in both the medial and the lateral entorhinal cortex. The study was achieved by using a novel functional MRI method allowing us to measure robust functional MRI signals in both the medial and lateral entorhinal cortex that was not possible in previous studies. The methodology established here in healthy human subjects lays a solid foundation for subsequent studies investigating layer-specific and region-specific changes in the entorhinal cortex associated with memory impairment in various conditions such as Alzheimer's disease.
Pairing with Enriched Sound Exposure Restores Auditory Processing Degraded by an Antidepressant
Authors: Cheng Yuan , Chen Ruru , Su Bowen , Zhang Guimin , Sun Yutian , An Pengying , Fang Yue , Zhang Yifan , Shan Ye , de Villers-Sidani Étienne , Wang Yunfeng , Zhou Xiaoming
Published: March 2023

Antidepressants, while effective in treating depression and anxiety disorders, also induce deficits in sensory (particularly auditory) processing, which in turn may exacerbate psychiatric symptoms. How antidepressants cause auditory signature deficits remains largely unknown. Here, we found that fluoxetine-treated adult female rats were significantly less accurate when performing a tone-frequency discrimination task compared with age-matched control rats. Their cortical neurons also responded less selectively to sound frequencies. The degraded behavioral and cortical processing was accompanied by decreased cortical perineuronal nets, particularly those wrapped around parvalbumin-expressing inhibitory interneurons. Furthermore, fluoxetine induced critical period-like plasticity in their already mature auditory cortices; therefore, a brief rearing of these drug-treated rats under an enriched acoustic environment renormalized auditory processing degraded by fluoxetine. The altered cortical expression of perineuronal nets was also reversed as a result of enriched sound exposure. These findings suggest that the adverse effects of antidepressants on auditory processing, possibly because of a reduction in intracortical inhibition, can be substantially alleviated by simply pairing drug treatment with passive, enriched sound exposure. They have important implications for understanding the neurobiological basis of antidepressant effects on hearing and for designing novel pharmacological treatment strategies for psychiatric disorders.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTClinical experience suggests that antidepressants adversely affect sensory (particularly auditory) processing, which can exacerbate patients' psychiatric symptoms. Here, we show that the antidepressant fluoxetine reduces cortical inhibition in adult rats, leading to degraded behavioral and cortical spectral processing of sound. Importantly, fluoxetine induces a critical period-like state of plasticity in the mature cortex; therefore, a brief rearing under an enriched acoustic environment is sufficient to reverse the changes in auditory processing caused by the administration of fluoxetine. These results provide a putative neurobiological basis for the effects of antidepressants on hearing and indicate that antidepressant treatment combined with enriched sensory experiences could optimize clinical outcomes.
The Door Is Still Open
Authors: Tinto E. Katharine
Published: March 2023

As COVID-19 threatened the lives of those incarcerated, compassionate release motions emerged as a critical mechanism to seek the release of those individuals most vulnerable to severe illness or death. But today, as the urgency of the pandemic diminishes and the grounds justifying release is limited in some Circuits, some may fear that compassionate release has returned to its flawed roots of being available only to a very few. This Article argues that the historical categories related to an individual’s age and health need not, and should not, be so narrowly viewed. Rather, these existing categories for compassionate release can be approached more expansively, by grounding them in an understanding of how an elderly individual’s health deteriorates in prison, and by calling attention to the inability of an incarcerated individual to access specialized and necessary medical care. Framing these categories in this way ultimately encompasses many elderly individuals in prison and those younger individuals with serious medical conditions who are receiving inadequate medical care. Given the rapidly aging federal prison population and the thousands of prisoners who suffer from significant medical conditions, many of whom have already served many years in prison and demonstrate compelling rehabilitation, these categories remain viable—and even promising— avenues for release.
Skull ethnic classification by combining skull auxiliary image with deep learning
Authors: Sun Huijie , Zhao Junli , Wang Chengyuan , Li Yi , Zhang Niankai , Zhou Mingquan
Published: March 2023

Background

China is a multi‐ethnic country. It is of great significance for the skull identification to realize the skull ethnic classification through computers, which can promote the development of forensic anthropology and accelerate the exploration of national development.

Methods

In this paper, the 3D skull model is transformed into 2D auxiliary image including curvature, depth and elevation information, and then the deep learning method of the 2D auxiliary image is used for ethnic classification. We construct a convolution neural network structure inspired by VGGNet16 which has achieved excellent performance on image classification. In order to optimize the network, Adam algorithm is adopted to avoid falling into local minimum, and to ensure the stability of the algorithm with regularization terms.

Results

Experiments on 400 skull models have been conducted for ethnic classification by our method. We set different learning rates to compare the performance of the model, the highest accuracy of ethnic classification is 98.75%, which have better performance than other five classical neural network structures.

Conclusions

Deep learning based on skull auxiliary image for skull ethnic classification is an automatic and effective method with great application significance.
Network pharmacology research of mechanism of Maxing Shigan Decoction in treating COVID‐19
Authors: Wang Xian‐Fang , Du Zhi‐Yong , Li Qi‐Meng , Liu Yi‐Feng , Ma Shao‐Hui , Cui Jui‐Wei
Published: March 2023

Background

The COVID‐19 has a huge negative impact on people’s health. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has a good effect on viral pneumonia. It is of great practical significance to study its pharmacology.

Methods

The ingredients and targets of each herb in Maxing Shigan Decoction which obtained from Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology (TCMSP) database, and the related targets of COVID‐19 were screened by GeneCards database based on the network pharmacology. Venn was used to analyze the intersection target between active ingredients and diseases. Cytoscape software was used to construct an active ingredient‐disease target network. The Protein‐Protein Interaction network was constructed by STRING database and Cytohubba was used to screen out the key targets. Gene Ontology (GO) functional enrichment analysis and KEGG pathway analysis were performed by David database.

Results

In this study, a total of 134 active ingredients and 229 related targets, 198 targets of COVID‐19 and 48 common targets of drug‐disease were chosen. Enrichment items and pathways were obtained through GO and KEGG pathway analysis. The predicted active ingredients were quercetin, kaempferol, luteolin, naringenin, glycyrol, and the key targets involved IL6, MAPK3, MAPK8, CASP3, IL10, etc. The results showed that the active ingredients of Maxing Shigan Decoction acted on multiple targets which played roles in the treatment of COVID‐19 by regulating inflammation, immune system and other pathways.

Conclusions

The main contribution of this paper is to use data to mine the principles of the treatment of COVID‐19 from the pharmacology of these prescriptions, and the results can be provided theoretical reference for medical workers.
Empowering beginners in bioinformatics with ChatGPT
Authors: Shue Evelyn , Liu Li , Li Bingxin , Feng Zifeng , Li Xin , Hu Gangqing
Published: March 2023

The impressive conversational and programming abilities of ChatGPT make it an attractive tool for facilitating the education of bioinformatics data analysis for beginners. In this study, we proposed an iterative model to fine‐tune instructions for guiding a chatbot in generating code for bioinformatics data analysis tasks. We demonstrated the feasibility of the model by applying it to various bioinformatics topics. Additionally, we discussed practical considerations and limitations regarding the use of the model in chatbot‐aided bioinformatics education.
Adulto mayor: La familia como red social en la reducción de la pobreza en Colombia
Authors: Roldán Ramírez Elvia Lucía , Ceballos Zuluaga David , Sánchez Galvis Yuli Alejandra
Published: March 2023

Resumen:
La investigación buscó describir las acciones de la red social familiar y su influencia en la reducción de la pobreza del adulto mayor, destacando los apoyos que reciben, sean los mismos materiales, instrumentales, cognitivos o emocionales. El desarrollo de la investigación fue de orden cualitativo, con diseño fenomenológico, relacionando tanto a los adultos mayores, como a las personas miembros de la red de apoyo. La técnica de recolección de datos utilizada fue la entrevista semiestructurada la cual buscó acercar al investigador a las condiciones sociales y culturales donde conviven las personas adultas mayores, todas ellas en un rango de edad entre 60 y 90 años, pertenecientes a los estratos uno y dos en las ciudades de Bogotá y Medellín. Los resultados permitieron identificar las acciones de la red social familiar, así como la relación emocional que se da directamente con la familia, especialmente con los hijos/as quienes llevan adelante acciones encaminadas a fortalecer el apoyo instrumental y emocional posible para suplir las necesidades básicas del adulto mayor. La investigación también logra destacar las barreras laborales, la falta de acceso a mesada pensional y los diferentes obstáculos a los que se enfrentan para acceder a programas del adulto mayor.
 
Palabras Clave: adulto mayor, pobreza, redes sociales (medios sociales, capital social), familia.
 
*Este artículo es el resultado de la investigación: La familia como red social en la reducción de la pobreza del adulto mayor.
**Universidad de La Sabana. Trabajadora Social de la Universidad de La Salle, Magister en Educación con  énfasis en participación comunitaria de la Pontificia Universidad Javeriana; Especialista en Salud Familiar y comunitaria de la Universidad El Bosque.
Profesora e Investigadora de la Universidad de La Sabana.
Correo: lucia.roldan_cont@unisabana.edu.co
Orcid: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9499-4573
 
***Universidad de La Sabana. Ingeniero Industrial de la Universidad de La Sabana,  Profesor de filosofía. Magister en Asesoría Familiar y Gestión de Programas para la Familia. Universidad de La Sabana. Analista de Innovación, Solvo Global
Correo: davidcece@unisabana.edu.co    
Orcid: https://orcid.org./0000_0001-9692-0255
****Universidad de La Sabana. Administradora de Empresas de la  Universidad la Gran Colombia,  Especialista en Gerencia y Mercadeo de la Universidad la Gran Colombia, Especialista en Psicología Educativa de la Universidad de La Sabana. Magister en Asesoría Familiar y Gestión de Programas para la Familia, Universidad de La Sabana. 
Correo: yulisaga@unisabana.edu.co
Orcid: Https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5333-5449
Obtaining dissolving grade cellulose from the huizache (Acacia farnesiana L. Willd.) plant
Authors: Casillas Rogelio Ramírez , López-López Maria del Carmen , Aguilar Bruno Becerra , Olivares Florentina Dávalos , Satyanarayana Kestur Gundappa
Published: March 2023

Considering that many paper mills have modified their pulp manufacturing processes to produce dissolving grade pulps from a wide variety of woods, which can be used for the production of different end products, attempts have also been made to obtain highly purified pulps using several woods and non-timber as raw materials using chemical routes. This paper is an attempt to overcome the problem of the shortage of commercial timber for pulping purposes wherein non-commercial, widely distributed huizache, a woody plant, was evaluated as a raw material for the production of dissolving grade cellulose using an alkaline sulfur anthraquinone-methanol process with a pre-hydrolysis step and optimized conditions of the process. The pulp obtained from the cooking process was subjected to a sequence of elemental chlorine free bleaching. The pulp was analyzed for its performance during the pulping process, Kappa number, ISO brightness, contents of α, β, and γ cellulose, crystallinity index, degree of polymerization, and viscosity. The obtained results revealed high levels of all these parameters for the pulp produced from Acacia farnesiana, suggesting this plant could be considered as a raw material alternative for the production of dissolving grade cellulose, which in turn can be used to produce nanocellulose crystals.
Didelės skiriamosios gebos genominio 5-hidroksimetilcitozino nustatymo metodas ir jo pritaikymas epigenetiniams žmogaus ligų tyrimams
Authors:   , Narmontė Milda
Published: March 2023

Method for high-resolution genome-wide analysis of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine and its application for epigenetic studies of human diseases
Cultural and Historical Heritage in the Interpretations and Understanding of Ukrainian Humanities Scholars
Authors: Morykvas Nadiia
Published: March 2023

The article is dedicated to the publication of Diariusz by Pylyp Orlyk. The Warsaw edition of 2021 has updated this historical figure not only as a statesman who has not stop his aspirations in exile and therefore becomes the founder of Ukrainian emigration in Europe. But also as a writer, the author of a literary work, known essentially as his Diariusz, one of the largest in the history of world literature. The edition includes the notes from 1725–1726, when the hetman has been in exile in Thessaloniki. He has found himself finally after the destruction of Zaporozhian Sich by Moscow troops in 1709. Valentyna Sobol, a well-known researcher of ancient Ukrainian literature, has deciphered and read these pages of the Diary by the persecuted hetman from Old Polish for the first time. So, the Warsaw Diariusz has been published in the original language, as well as with inset-letters in the other languages: Latin, Old Ukrainian, Turkish and French. A wide circle of the correspondents, including monarchs and politicians, who have shared the hetman’s desire to create an anti-Russian coalition, shows how actively and from whom he seeks support in his effort to restore Ukrainian statehood. His eldest son Hryhorii, like his father, has been changing cities and states, fleeing from Moscow agents hunting for Mazepa followers around the world. The son has supported his father’s cause. He has become a diplomat. At the same time, the Diary of Pylyp Orlyk is a very emotional document. The Zaporozhian Hetman in exile has entrusted the paper with not only his visions of a restored Cossack state, but also painful thoughts about the fate of his homeland. He has been waiting to meet his son impatiently and anxiously. Hryhorii has come to him incognito. The Hetman has left especially poetic lines about it. This fact makes his work a prominent phenomenon of the late baroque. Reading from the manuscript and publishing the entire text of Diaryusz, containing over 3,000 pages, as well as its translation into Ukrainian is an important task.
Former Soviet Military Bases in Poland and Latvia and the Development of Tourist Practices. Study of Selected Cases (Part 2)
Authors: Czarnecka Dominika
Published: March 2023

The tourist practices those have been developed at the sites of selected former Soviet military bases in Poland (Borne Sulinowo, Kłomino, Pstrąże) and in Latvia (Skrunda1, Karosta in Liepāja, Daugavgrīva fortress) are considered in the submitted article. The catalogue of tourist practices presented in the text includes 1) the urban exploration movement, 2) creating new paths and exploring on foot, 3) establishing and visiting museums and quasi-museums, 4) reality shows with elements of performance, 5) organizing and participating in events – is intended to be open and selective. It contains only the type of practices based on using material military heritage and selected episodes from history to create unique products of tourism, such as the individual character of a site in the context of its past. The focus on tourist practices has been developed in different contexts – Polish and Latvian – illustrates how the post-Soviet material military heritage is used in each of these countries to serve new functions. It also sheds some light on whether (or how) tourist practices contribute to the ‘rehabilitation’ of bases and other post-military facilities in the eyes of the public, reveals the process of negotiating meaning within and in reference to these sites, and indicates how tourist practices affect the materiality of the place. The research has shown that diverse tourist practices are developed in de-militarized zones in both Poland and Latvia; specific patterns of tourist experience are formed there, which do not have anything in common with mass tourism. In any given case, it is the materiality of the post-military space that determines the type of tourist practices developing there. In the context of tourist practices, the material heritage of military bases is presented as something unusual and worth seeing. At the same time, however, military heritage is contemplated and experienced in a tranquil, safe environment, which makes the emerging images and experiences ‘sterilized’, and ultimately far removed from the dangers due to which these bases have been built. Thus, they are detached from their original functions and meanings. Nevertheless, the development of diverse tourist practices indicates that although the military heritage of former Soviet bases has its meaning in the present, it is still contested, ambivalent and inspiring slightly disturbing perceptions of both the past and the future.
Oles Honchar in a Modern Ukrainian Documentary Cine-Text: On Spiritual Grandeur and Toughness of the Artist
Authors: Mekh Nataliia
Published: March 2023

The article pays attention to Oles Honchar, an iconic figure of Ukrainian culture. In 2023, we celebrate the 105th anniversary of birthday of the famous Ukrainian, whose creation is relevant today and inspires descendants to be indomitable and to strive for eternal values. Not only our, but also the entire European cultural space, in particular the cine-space, records the actualization and a request for understanding the heritage of prominent Ukrainians who created the Ukrainian culture at different times and influenced the formation of orientations and value dominants. The modern historical background – terrible and insidious aggression against Ukraine by the northern under-empire is particularly important. Today, both Oles Ponchar’s figure and his works as a writer are worthy of attention not only by specialists in philology and cultural studies, but also of the general public. And this is due to the artist’s relay of dominant values characteristic of the Ukrainian cultural space. He is the bright representative, who in his linguistic creation demonstrates the ethical and attitudinal aspirations of the Ukrainian people, as well as its morality. The study attempts to comprehend the modern Ukrainian documentary cine-texts on Oles Honchar, which were created prior to the Russian full-scale invasion in 2022, in particular, O. Honchar’s “The Cathedral” (1993); The Giant of Steppes;The Architect of Human Soul (2001); Oles Honchar. The Cathedral (2008); Global Star of Oles Honchar (2011); Oles Honchar. People and Their Destinies (2014). All these films are especially focused on the role, in the artist’s life, of the novel The Cathedral, which divided his life into before and after. And this is not accidental, because the work is directed at deep meanings and philosophical reflections on the eternal, it appeals to every soul. And the latter is already the transcendental realm, that is, which is beyond the possible experience. The article also focuses on the writer’s figure in the films The Architect of Human Soul and Oles Honchar. The Cathedral. The article’s special attention is paid to the relevance and extraordinary timeliness of such cultural products as Kateryna Strelchenko’s film Oles Honchar. The Word as a Weapon, as well as other documentary cine-texts, biopics about outstanding Ukrainians that are already available and yet to appear in our and global cultural spaces.
Cello Concerto by Alexander Jacobchuk: On the Issue of Genre Development
Authors: Kushniruk Olha
Published: March 2023

The article is aimed at the description of genre and style peculiarities of the Cello concerto by A. Jacobchuk (2006) in the context of correlaton of traditional and innovative features of the genre. The methodology of the research is based on the application of the culturological approach, source study, textual method, as well as the methods of holistic analysis and interviewing. This approach allows us to reveal the artistic and expressive qualities of this work in terms of updating genre features of concerto. Scientific novelty. Genre and style peculiarities of the Cello concerto by A. Jacobchuk are studied for the first time in view of the innovativeness of the composerʼs approach to understand the genre (the introduction of symphonic principles, thematic connections between parts of the cycle, the philosophical nature of the cadence) and their combination with the original principles. Conclusions. Cello concerto by A. Jacobchuk goes beyond the instrumental concerto, reaching the genre symbiosis ”concerto-chamber symphony”. The dedication to the victims of political repressions in Ukraine has caused the tragedy of the concept of the work, the diverse representation of the opposite figurative spheres. It has been reflected in thought-out drama, artistic characteristics of the images of martyrs and insidious-cynical evil, in a pronounced national component and the influence of symphonic principles of thinking.
Criteria for Assessing the Effectiveness of Blended Learning Technologies Used at the University
Authors: Bordovskaia Nina V. , Koshkina Elena A. , Melkaya Lia A. , Tikhomirova Marina A.
Published: March 2023

Introduction. The active use of blended learning technologies in universities has highlighted the problem of their effectiveness. The solution to this problem envisages further clarification of the distinctive features of blended learning technology and selection of performance indicators. The purpose of research paper is to justify the selection and define assessment criteria for effectiveness of blended learning technology, and to develop a multi-level system of indicators of their manifestation in university educational practice.
Materials and Methods. Methods of systematic analysis of scholarly literature, grouping scientific information, modeling, point-rating scaling, comparison and methods of mathematical statistics. It also includes the results of an online survey conducted among students and teachers at Russian universities and the results of a content analysis of the open-ended question “Blended learning technology is effective if ...” of the “Unfinished sentences” methodology.
Results. Within the framework of the complex approach, the selection of effective, didactic and resource criteria for assessing the effectiveness of blended learning technology have been substantiated. It was revealed that students prefer the didactic, and then the resource criterion in assessing the effectiveness of blended learning technologies, and teachers consider the resource criterion to be a priority, followed by the didactic one.
Discussion and Conclusion. The research results contribute to the development of scientific ideas about the system of criteria for assessing the effectiveness of blended learning technology and increasing the level of reasonability of managerial decisions on their application in the higher education system. The article materials will be useful for university teaching staff and managers, as well as researchers concerned with analysis and assessment of blended learning and modern educational technologies’ effectiveness.
Diagnostics of School Involvement of Learners Included in the Practice of Participatory Budgeting
Authors: Kupriyanov Boris V.
Published: March 2023

Introduction. The research problem is to determine the measurable results of using a separate educational practice (school initiative budgeting). The purpose of the article is to reveal the relationship between the level of school involvement of students and the intensity of their participation in the practice of school initiative budgeting.
Materials and Methods. In 2021–2022 An empirical study was conducted in seven educational institutions of the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug – Yugra, in which 182 schoolchildren took part. The study included measurements of school involvement in 11 parameters (activities, communication and relationships) of learners who, to varying degrees of activity, participate in school initiative budgeting. Engagement study methodology was used ‒ a modified Gallup Q12 questionnaire, an interview, a questionnaire for schoolchildren and a questionnaire for teachers.
Results. An authorʼs model of school involvement, a program for diagnosing school involvement and active participation in school initiative budgeting have been developed. Statistical processing of the measurements made it possible to assert that the intensity of participation in school initiative budgeting correlates with the level of school involvement of students, the more actively a student participates in school initiative budgeting, the higher the degree of his school involvement.
Discussion and Conclusion. The presented results testify to the prospects of using the model and scheme for diagnosing school involvement. The materials of the article are of interest in the context of determining the results of the implementation of school initiative budgeting in the practice of Russian educational organizations and school participatory budgeting abroad.