bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of anticancer and antimicrobial activities of novel dihydropyrimidinone derivatives
Authors: Suppan Thangamani , Bhattacharjee RamaRanjan , Pichumani Moorthi , Jeyaraj Sankarganesh , MOHANTA KALLOL
Published: February 2024

Dihydropyrimidinone (DHPM) can be synthesized through a simple one-pot Biginelli reaction. Off-late medicinal properties of DHPM have been discovered. In our recent work, we have shown that the florescent property can be appended to this molecule while retaining its therapeutic attributes. DHPM derivatives have been substituted with different alkylating groups like ethyl-, mono-, di-, and tri- ethanol amines. This current paper discusses the multifunctionality of DHPM derivatives in form of anticancer and antimicrobial agent. DHPM derivatives exhibit improved inhibitory effects in in vitro anticancer assay. The synthesized DHPM derivatives are tested for their anti-cancer effects on A549 cell lines, as well as their anti-bacterial and anti-fungal effects on clinically significant pathogens like Staphylococcus aureus, Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Escherichia coli, Colistin Resistant Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida albicans. These discoveries reveal good opportunity to develop multifunctional anticancer medicine based on DHPM. The synthesis and the presence of radical moieties in the DHPM derivatives have been supported by chemical studies.
Exploration of Vitamin B6-Based Redox-Active Pyridinium Salts towards the Application in Aqueous Organic Flow Batteries
Authors: Nechaev Anton , Gonzalez Gabriel , Verma Prachi , Peshkov Vsevolod , Bannykh Anton , Hashemi Arsalan , Hannonen Jenna , Hamza Andrea , Papai Imre , Laasonen Kari , Peljo Pekka , Pihko Petri
Published: February 2024

We have examined the utility of pyridoxal hydrochloride, a vitamin B6 vitamer and a biobased feedstock, as a starting point towards organic redox flow battery materials. Pyridoxal hydrochloride was synthetically converted to a series of diverse vitamin B6-based redox-active benzoyl pyridinium salts. These compounds were electrochemically characterized through cyclic voltammetry (CV) measurements in neutral and basic aqueous electrolytes (1 M KCl and 0.1 M NaOH). Based on the CV results, which demonstrated reversibility under basic conditions, two of the most promising salts were subjected to laboratory-scale redox flow battery tests involving galvanostatic cycling at 10 mM with 0.1 M NaOH as the supporting electrolyte. These results showed that the battery was charged completely, corresponding to the transfer of two electrons to the electrolyte, but no discharge was observed. Both CV analysis and electrochemical simulations confirmed that the redox wave observed in the experimental voltammograms corresponds to a two-electron process. To explain the irreversibility in the battery tests, we conducted bulk electrolysis with the benzoyl pyridinium salts, affording the corresponding benzylic secondary alcohols. This process involves the transfer of two electrons and two protons to reduce the ketone group to alcohol. Computational studies suggest that the reduction proceeds in three consecutive steps: first electron transfer (ET), then proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) and finally proton transfer (PT). 1H NMR deuterium exchange studies indicated that the last PT step is not reversible in 0.1 M NaOH, rendering the entire redox process irreversible. The apparent reversibility observed in CV at the basic media likely arises from the slow rate of the PT step at the timescale of the measurement.
Nanoscale analysis of plastic contaminants migration in packaging materials and potential leeching into model food systems
Authors: M. Mileo Paulo G. , Krauter Caroline M. , Sanders Jeffrey M. , Coscia Benjamin , Browning Andrea R. , Halls Matthew D.
Published: February 2024

Polymers are the most common packaging materials used for food, beverages, cosmetics, and other consumer products. The ever-growing concern over pollution generated from single-use packaging materials, and the ensuing potential environment contamination resulting from their use has raised safety questions. Polymers used in these materials are often not spared from the presence of impurities, including unreacted monomers and small oligomers. The characterization of transport properties, including diffusion and leaching of these penetrant molecules is largely hampered by the long timescales involved in shelf-life experiments. In this work, we employ molecular simulation techniques to explore the main mechanisms involved in the bulk and interfacial transport of monomer molecules from three polymers commonly employed as packaging materials: polyamide-6, polycarbonate, and poly(methyl-methacrylate). Our simulations shed light on the main diffusion mechanisms for in- and outbound penetrant diffusion and provide rationalization for monomer leaching in model food formulations as well as bulky industry-relevant molecules. With these molecular-scale characterization we provide base insights to aid the design of polymer/consumer product interfaces with reduced risk of contamination and longer shelf-life.
Rh(III)-Catalyzed Regioselective C8-alkenylation of isoquinolones with methoxyallene: A Facile Access to aldehyde bearing isoquin-olones
Authors: Thakur Ankita , Chandra Devesh , Sharma Upendra
Published: February 2024

A simple and facile access to isoquinolone aldehyde scaffolds has been achieved through a rhodium-catalyzed reaction between isoquinolone and methoxyallene. Herein, methoxyallene serves as an acrolein equivalent, resulting in this unique functionalization. Furthermore, the compatibility with natural complex and drug molecules underscores the sig-nificance of this developed protocol. Based on kinetic studies and several control reactions, a plausible reaction mecha-nism has also been proposed for this regioselective transformation.
Comorbid pathology in SARS-CoV-2 infected in cancer practice as a predictor of severe outcomes in COVID-19. COVID-19 prognostic online risk assessment tool in oncology: A retrospective study
Authors: Sekacheva Marina I. , Rusanov Alexander S. , Kokhanovskaia Iana I.
Published: February 2024

Aim. Evaluation of comorbid pathology in SARS-CoV-2 infected in cancer practice as a predictor of severe outcomes. Testing the COVID-19 risk assessment tool in oncology (CORONET), to predict the likely severity of COVID-19 course in cancer patients on inpatient treatment.
Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of 173 cancer patient disease stories was conducted. The study was conducted as part of the program of the World-Class Research Center “Digital Biodesine and Personalized Health Care” of the University of Sechenov, with participation in the ESMO-CoCARE Register project. Based on the ESMO COVID-19 and CAncerREgistry (ESMO-CoCARE) registry, taking into account the entered our patient sample (n=173), a COVID-19 risk assessment tool in oncology (CORONET) was developed.
Results. Cancer patients with comorbid pathology have been shown to have an increased risk of COVID-19 course of the disease from this sample by CORONET (mean conclusion score CORONET 2.44 pointsseverity). Prognosis of probable severity of outcomes in cancer patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 depends on associated diseases. The presence of a history of ≥3 comorbid pathologies in COVID-19 patients was detected in 106 people (61.27%). 15 patients were included in the risk of severe course. Retrospective analysis obtained actual confirmation of the prognosis of severe course of the disease in this group followed by death in all these patients (71.42% of all deaths). Indicators such as low albumin levels, high levels of C-reactive protein and neutrophils showed high prognostic significance of the likely severity of coronavirus infection in cancer patients on inpatient treatment for COVID-19. The mortality rate of patients admitted with COVID-19 and cancer was 12.14%.
Conclusion. The most informative predictors of severe outcomes in COVID-19 in inpatient cancer patients to assess the prognosis of disease severity are: number of comorbidities, age, NEWS2 scale, ECOG patient activity status, albumin level, C-reactive protein level and absolute neutrophil level. The benefits gained in the use of the online decision support tool CORONET are considered convincing not only during the decision-making phase of hospitalization, but also in cancer patients on inpatient treatment.
Patient resource to improve the effectiveness of oncological care for the population
Authors: Kozlov Vladimir A. , Samsonov Iurii V. , Mushnikov Dmitrii L.
Published: February 2024

Background. Improving oncological care for the population is defined as one of the main priorities for the development of domestic health care, which is determined by the high medical and social significance of malignant neoplasms. The problem of improving cancer care is multidimensional. However, there are not enough scientific papers that consider the patient's resource as a factor in achieving a greater level of effectiveness of cancer care.
Aim. To assess the state and possibilities for improving the patient's resource of cancer care.
Materials and methods. The study was conducted at the Ivanovo Regional Oncology Center, Ivanovo in the period 2020-2022 on the basis of a comprehensive program using traditional methods: sociological, expert assessment, analytical, documentary. The assessment of the patient's resource of oncological care was carried out according to the original methodology, which included 10 parameters. A survey of 1000 oncological patients at different stages of diagnosis and treatment of malignant neoplasms was carried out and its results were analyzed, taking into account the factors of the staging of the oncological process, medical and demographic characteristics of patients. The assessment of the quality of life of patients was carried out using the SF12 (12Item ShortForm Health Survey) questionnaire. Based on the examination data of 410 cases of the provision of oncological medical services by experts of medical insurance companies, according to regulatory medical, economic and clinical criteria, as well as an assessment of patient satisfaction with the care provided, all cases are divided into 2 groups with an optimal and non-optimal level of care effectiveness. Statistical data processing was carried out on the basis of electronic databases using applied computer programs and provided for the calculation of relative values, the reliability of the difference in indicators, and the Spearman correlation coefficient.
Results. Data were obtained on the decrease in the patient resource of oncological care for all its selected components and its established relationship with the effectiveness of care, which requires the improvement of medical and organizational technology for working with oncological patients. A medical and organizational technology for providing assistance to oncological patients in the conditions of passing through the stages of the treatment and diagnostic process is proposed.
Conclusion. An integral assessment of the 10 components of the patient resource at the stages of clinical observation of patients in an oncological dispensary makes it possible to monitor the main factors on the part of the patient that determine the effectiveness of care, as well as to carry out planned measures to correct adverse and strengthen favorable factors. The proposed approach is the basis for making management decisions.
Genotyping of UGT1A1 and DPYD polymorphisms in patients with colorectal cancer. A review
Authors: Timoshkina Natalia N. , Petrusenko Natalia A. , Gabrichidze Petr N. , Cherkess Maria A. , Pushkareva Tatiana F. , Savchenko Dmitry A.
Published: February 2024

The main treatment regimen for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer is still cycle-based chemotherapy with fluoropyridines combined with oxaliplatin and/or irinotecan. The activity of these chemotherapeutic agents depends on a predominant specific metabolism pathway. Therefore, the genetic features of the patient become important as a prognostic factor for the occurrence and severity of adverse events during therapy. The review addresses current views about the mechanisms of toxic activity of irinotecan and fluoropyrimidines, analyzes the results of pharmacogenotyping of UGT1A1 and DPYD polymorphisms, and published studies assessing the relationship between genetic variants of these genes and the safety of chemotherapy. A significant role of the population component is noted both in the distribution of gene allele frequencies and in their phenotypic expression. For some polymorphisms of the DPYD gene, dose-dependent associations with the toxicity of 5-fluorouracil have been established. Nevertheless, they determine only 1–8% of cases out of 40–60% of patients with adverse events and DPD protein deficiency associated with other enzyme activity reduction mechanisms. The pharmacological significance of UGT1A1 genetic variations is associated with toxicity prediction and helps allocate patients for more effective high-dose irinotecan therapy. Data is presented on the pharmacogenotyping of these markers to establish the dose of drugs in various national guidelines. Currently, the heterogeneity of the available pharmacogenetic data leaves open the question of determining the most appropriate dosing strategies for irinotecan and fluoropyrimidines. The widespread introduction of UGT1A1 and DPYD genotyping into clinical practice balances the economic feasibility and predictive value of biomarkers. As pharmacogenomics evolves rapidly, more robust research would overcome existing hurdles and facilitate personalized drug dosage decisions.
Can bispecific antibodies change the paradigm and goals of therapy for patients with relapsed non-Hodgkin lymphomas?
Authors: Poddubnaya Irina V.
Published: February 2024

Non-Hodgkin lymphomas are a heterogeneous group of hematological malignancies, the vast majority of which are B-cell tumors. Standard immunochemotherapy with anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies is effective as the first-line therapy in treating these lymphoproliferative diseases. However, many patients develop a relapse or refractory disease. Recent therapeutic advances with new targeted agents and cell-based therapies have improved treatment outcomes. However, most of the new strategies cannot cure the disease or achieve long-term remissions, leaving a part of patients with an unmet need for effective and well-tolerated treatment options. One of the most promising therapeutic options is bispecific antibodies, which are expected to provide an unprecedentedly high level of deep responses with an improved safety profile. The available data open up prospects for extrapolating these results to the overall survival of patients.
Correction of lower limb lymphedema in patients with cervical cancer after combination treatment: A case report
Authors: Obukhova Olga A. , Dibirova Patimat A. , Kurmukov Ildar A. , Allakhverdiyan Gayane S. , Shagina Natalya Yu. , Mustafina Ekaterina А. , Knyazev Rostislav I. , Pajanidi Julia G.
Published: February 2024

Lymphedema is the tissue fluid accumulation that arises as a consequence of impaired lymphatic drainage. Secondary lower limb lymphedema after surgery in cervical cancer is a result of combined antitumor treatment and significantly reduces the quality of life. The management of lymphedema by physical therapists usually includes a combination of skin care, physiotherapy, external pressure, exercise, and massage. This case report describes the course of treatment for a 53-year-old female with stages IIIB secondary lymphedema. The goal of physical therapy intervention was as restoration of the functionality of the affected lower limb. The rehabilitation tasks were as to reduce total limb volume, return of the stereotype of gait, decrease in the level of anxiety. Decongestive lymphedema therapy was effective in treating this patient with secondary lymphedema of the lower extremities. Although the goal of rehabilitation was partially achieved, the patient was discharged from the hospital in a good mood, her anxiety level decreased, her gait stereotype improved, and her endurance increased. Improving the functionality of the limb, improving its appearance had a positive impact on the quality of life and allowed her to return to work. This case report testifies to the effectiveness of complete decongestive therapy even in the case of severe lymphedema. The clinical result of such rehabilitation programs makes it possible to increase the adaptive potential and social independence of cancer patients.
Hyperbaric oxygen therapy for the treatment of the late effects of radiotherapy [Russian translation of the Plain Language Summary (PLS) of the Cochrane Systematic Review]
Authors: Yudina Ekaterina V.
Published: February 2024

This publication is the Russian translation of the Plain Language Summary (PLS) of the Cochrane Systematic Review: Lin ZC, Bennett MH, Hawkins GC, Azzopardi CP, Feldmeier J, Smee R, Milross C. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy for late radiation tissue injury. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2023;8(8): CD005005. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD005005.pub5
Ribociclib + adjuvant hormone therapy in early breast cancer: prevention of recurrence. New opportunities. A review
Authors: Ognerubov Nikolai A.
Published: February 2024

Breast cancer (BC) occupies a leading position among all malignant neoplasms in women worldwide and is the 4th deadliest. Most cases are diagnosed in stages I–III. Among the molecular biological variants, luminal HER2 negative (HER2-) prevails, accounting for 70–75%. Currently, therapies combining surgery with chemotherapy and, more rarely, radiation therapy, followed by adjuvant hormone therapy for up to 10 years, are a standard of care in BC. The goal of these regimens is the prevention of early recurrence in patients in the high-risk group with a primary hormone-resistant tumor. However, at the end of treatment, it occurs in 27–57% of patients with stage II–III breast cancer. For its prevention in early HR-positive (HR+) HER2- BC, an innovative class of drugs, cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitors, is used combined with hormone therapy (aromatase inhibitors, anti-estrogens, gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists), which is the subject of a randomized phase III NATALEE study evaluating the efficacy and safety of ribociclib in combination with endocrine therapy in early non-metastatic BC. The study enrolled patients with stage II–III breast cancer, including those with N0. Patients of the study group received ribociclib at a dose of 400 mg/day for 21 days in combination with aromatase inhibitors, and in the control group, only aromatase inhibitors. The median follow-up was 34 months. Three-year survival without invasive disease was 90.7% in the ribociclib group and 87.6% in controls. The risk of distant metastasis and invasive diseases was reduced by 25.1% in the ribociclib group. Therefore, ribociclib tended to improve overall survival. The initial dose of 400 mg/day reduced the incidence of adverse events; the most common were neutropenia (62.5%), arthralgia (37.3%) and hepatic toxicity (26.4%). The most common reasons for discontinuing ribociclib were hepatic toxicity (8.9%) and arthralgia (1.3%). The results demonstrate a statistical and clinical superiority of ribociclib in combination with hormone therapy in the treatment of early HR+ HER2- breast cancer with a high risk of recurrence.
Synthesis of Oxazoloquinolone Derivatives and Evaluation of their Potency to Reactivate Rat Brain Acetylcholinesterase Inhibited by Chlorpyrifos
Authors: S Katagi Manjunatha , Mamledesai Shivalingrao , Rekha A , Bolakatti Girish , Fernandes Jennifer , Suchitra M
Published: February 2024

Poisoning with organophosphorus OP compounds is frequent because OP compounds are widely used as insecticides or pesticides. The OP compounds exert inhibition on acetylcholinesterase AChE activity by irreversibly binding to the catalytic site of an enzyme. The inhibition of AChE leads to hyperstimulation of muscarnic and nicotinic receptors due to excess of acetylcholine ACh. Despite continued efforts to discover improved reactivators there has been little success towards innovation of AChE reactivators. In the present study the titled compounds were obtained by refluxing the 3a-3h with hydroxylamine hydrochloride in presence of pyridine to yield 4a-4h. Through physical and spectral analysis the structures of compounds were confirmed. The synthesized compounds were evaluated for their reactivation efficacy against chlorpyrifos inhibited rat brain AChE by Ellmanrsquos method using pralidoxime 2-PAM as standard reference. As resulted 2-PAM was the most potent reactivator in the treatment of chlorpyrifos-inhibited AChE at concentration tested 0.001 M. In this case the compounds 4b 4c 4f and 4g achieved good reactivation as compared to 2-PAM.
Aluminium and its Derivatives Causing Genotoxicity and its Underlying Mechanism
Authors: S Mahesh Kumar C , Susan Cyriac Kusu , Mariyam Varghese Melvin , Ali Moqbel Redhwan Moqbel , Deka Gitima , Chaitra M
Published: February 2024

Aluminium is a metal that is obtained from the piles of earth crust naturally and it is used in most of our daily needs. The aluminium is mostly found in combined form with other elements. The development of nanotechnology has created wide impact on the present situation and it is been utilized the most. Most of the metals such as aluminium has been developed in to nanoparticles for potential advantages but aluminium is known to be a toxic metal whose genotoxicity more generally in mammals.Where the Mutations caused by it induces permanent changes in the DNA sequence of an organism which may result in a heritable change in the characteristics of living systems. The possible mechanisms by which Al induces DNA damage and inhibits the repair are discussed below this damage is found by the chromosomal aberration and micronucleus assay methods. Aluminium derivatives are also known to possess this property of genotoxicity and mutagenicity which is been reported earlier. In this study we explore the different mechanism through which genotoxicity is been assessed and some of the aluminium derivatives that are known to act through those mechanisms and also to know its effect as a nanoparticle in few.nbsp
Cowpathy: Indian cow, the storehouse of drugs and a panacea on planet earth
Authors: Mahurkar Dr.Nitin
Published: February 2024

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Neuroprotective Effect of Phloroglucinol in Cisplatin Induced Peripheral Neuropathy
Authors: Shankar Vindya Nagarakere , Minaz Nathani , Aqib Mohamad , Razdan Rema
Published: February 2024

Cisplatin induced peripheral neuropathy is one of the major challenge in oncology. There is growing evidence suggesting that physical damage by cisplatin leads to functional impairment in neurons through oxidative stress inflammation apoptosis and electrophysiological disturbances. So the aim of the study is to evaluate the neuroprotective effect of phloroglucinol against cisplatin induced peripheral neuropathy in rats. Neuropathy in adult male Wistar rats was induced by injecting cisplatin 2 mgkg i.p twice a week for 6 weeks and then rats were treated with phloroglucinol 250 amp 400 mgkg p.o for 8 weeks. At the end of the study body weight and haemogram were estimated. Behavioural tests including cold and hot hyperalgesia mechano-tactile allodynia and mechanical hyperalgesia were also carried out. Further sciatic nerve conduction velocity antioxidant enzymes and nitric oxide level were estimated in sciatic nerve homogenate. Treatment with phloroglucinol protected the neurons from neurotoxic effects of cisplatin by improving hyperalgesia nerve conduction velocity and oxidative stress. Our results suggest that phloroglucinol represents a new promise to use as supportive drug to protect against cisplatin induced neuropathy in oncology.
Formulation and Evaluation of Pulsatile Drug Delivery System of Montelukast Sodium
Authors: Deepika Shrishailappa Doddannavar , Tikare Nikhil , Halakatti Prabhu , Desai Anita , Muchandi Iranna
Published: February 2024

The present work was to formulate and evaluate an oral pulsatile drug delivery system of Montelukast sodium for nocturnal asthma. Pulsatile delivery system is capable of delivering drug when and where it required most with having a predetermined lag time. The basic design of pulsatile drug delivery system is core tablet prepared by direct compression method and then further coating the selected core tablet formulation. The nine core tablet formulations F1 -F9 were prepared which consist of MCC different concentrations of superdisintegrants like Sodium starch glycolate crospovidone and croscarmellose sodium. The prepared core tablets were evaluated for pre and post compression parameters. The two best core tablet F6 amp F9 formulations were selected and coated with Eudragit S100 and ethyl cellulose with different concentrations 14 and 24 by dip coating method. The coated tablets were evaluated for weight variation hardness drug content disintegration time and in vitro dissolution studies. The C2 and C8 showed best release after specific lagtime i.e. with coat of Eudragit S100 24 and ethyl cellulose 24 respectively. Stability studies of the optimized formulations were carried out at 40 plusmn 2 degC 75 plusmn5 RH for one months and it was found to be stable. Drug is released as a burst after lag time during peak morning hours hence pulsatile drug delivery of Montelukast sodium can be helpful for the asthma patients in giving relief from morning attacks.
Solid Lipid Nanoparticles Containing Asiaticoside: Development of Topical Delivery Formulation
Authors: Chowdahalli Shiva Kumar Satish
Published: February 2024

The present study on Solid Lipid Nanoparticles containing Asiaticoside aims to study the use of solid lipid nanoparticle-enriched hydrogel for the wound healing application of Asiaticoside. Solid lipid nanoparticles SLNs were prepared using glycerol tristearate and poloxamer by solvent evaporation method. The particle size polydispersity index PDI zeta potential ZP encapsulation efficiency EE drug release from nanoparticles and hydrogels and SEM studies were performed. The prepared SLNs were incorporated in Carboxymethyl chitosan-oxidized alginate hydrogel to form SLN-hydrogel carrier. The hydrogel was evaluated for texture analysis water vapor transmission rate of evaporation of water drug release studies from SLNs and SLN-hydrogel. The best formulation of Asiaticoside based SLNs had high EE 72 plusmn 6 and Zeta potential value of -36.8 mV indicating good stability. Formulation N2 showed polydispersivity index less than 1 and the particle size 155 nm to 340 nm. The prepared asiaticoside SLN-hydrogel had water vapour transmission rate of 2294.9plusmn188.9 gm2 per day which would provide a sufficient level of moisture without risking wound dehydration. The asiaticoside SLN-hydrogel showed sustained release of asiaticoside for 8 h.
Evaluation of Protective Effect of Alstonia scholaris Leaf Extract against Lead Induced Hepatotoxicity
Authors: Babu Malarambath Meethal Haritha , Bhattacharjee A. Ramakrishna Shabaraya Ananya
Published: February 2024

Lead is widely used which causes occurrence of free lead in the environment. The liver is the major organ and long term exposure to lead may cause severe hepatotoxic effects. The lead induced hepatotoxicity study was performed for the evaluation of hepatoprotective activity of ethanolic leaf extract of Alstonia scholaris against hepatotoxicity induced by lead in wister albino rats. Rats were divided into 4 groups and treated with normal saline lead acetate high 300 mgkg and low 200 mgkg doses of Alstonia scholaris leaf extract along with lead acetate for 8 weeks. Effects of different treatments were evaluated by changes in serum enzymes such as AST ALT ALP total bilirubin and lipid levels were estimated by semi-autoanalyser antioxidant levels like SOD Catalase LPO and GSH activity were measured in liver tissue homogenate and remaining livers were subjected for histopathological studies. Observed results showed dose dependent beneficial effects for Alstonia scholaris leaf extract against lead acetate induced hepatotoxicity.
Multi-Nutrient Supplement Ameliorates Diabetic Nephropathy in Rats
Authors: Minaz Nathani , M Bindhushree , Razdan Rema , Padhi Sejali , Gujje Manjula
Published: February 2024

Aim Although multinutrients are widely used as dietary supplements to maintain health the effects of these products were not investigated in diabetic nephropathy. Therefore in this study we investigated renal protective effect of the multinutrient supplement in diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced in male Wistar rats by administration of streptozotocin 52mgkgi.p. The diabetic rats were then treated with multi-nutritional supplement for 6 weeks. After 6 weeks body weight fasting serum glucose glycosylated haemoglobin kidney function tests and renal antioxidant enzymes were determined. Treatment with multinutrient supplement showed significant increase in the body weight and creatinine clearance accompanied by a significant decrease in kidney index blood glucose levels and glycosylated hemoglobin. Further the treatment significantly prevented the depletion of renal antioxidant enzyme activity and significantly reduced lipid peroxidation in diabetic rats. Thus our findings indicate that multinutrient therapy can be a promising approach to delay the development of diabetic nephropathy.
Análise de prescrições de psicofármacos em uma unidade básica de saúde do Distrito Federal
Authors: Santos Lula Barros Débora , Luiz Damascena Hylane , Rodrigues Gomes Amanda , Antônio Rodrigues Alencar Tarcísio
Published: February 2024

A atenção primária à saúde é a responsável pela coordenação do cuidado dos usuários e deve estar preparada para solucionar grande parte dos problemas de saúde prevalentes no território. Nesse contexto, este estudo objetivou analisar as prescrições de psicofármacos em uma unidade básica de saúde do Distrito Federal, Brasil. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, transversal, de coleta de dados secundários oriundos das segundas vias das prescrições dispensadas no mês de novembro de 2019. Foram avaliadas 256 prescrições de psicofármacos, onde 85% são fármacos pertecem à lista C1 da Portaria nº 344/1998 e 15% dos medicamentos fazem parte da lista B1. A forma farmacêutica sólida prevaleceu nas prescrições. É verificada a prescrição frequente dos seguintes medicamentos: fluoxetina, amitriptilina, carbamazepina, ácido valpróico, clonazepam e fenobarbital. Somente uma prescrição continha o nome comercial do medicamento que não fazia parte da relação de medicamentos essenciais do Distrito Federal. O levantamento das informações desse artigo contribui para a compreensão do cenário pela gestão local, assim como colabora para a produção do conhecimento na área de farmacoepidemiologia no âmbito da atenção primária à saúde.
Redes sociais na produção científica em eficiência da saúde pública
Authors: Nascimento Érica , Castro Cleber Carvalho de
Published: February 2024

A análise de redes sociais aplicada a produção cientifica pode colaborar para o entendimento da evolução do conhecimento e favorecer a interpretação. O campo de interesse da produção cientifica é a eficiência da saúde pública. O objetivo do artigo é analisar as redes sociais da produção cientifica em eficiência da saúde pública. O estudo foi realizado por meio da revisão sistemática de literatura e a análise das redes sociais da produção científica. Os resultados evidenciaram que a discussão sobre a eficiência da saúde pública não é um tema recente e vem acompanhando a própria evolução dos sistemas de saúde. Os autores de destaque foram Cooper, Charnes, Ozcan, Hollingswort, Rhodes, Banker e Fare, considerados autores intermediários do campo de pesquisa. A discussão ao longo do tema foi acompanhada pela discussão dos mecanismos de análise da eficiência, que também evoluíram ao longo do tempo. Pode-se compreender que a eficiência pode ser o caminho para a otimização dos recursos de modo a atender melhor às necessidades da população.
Componente hospitalar cirúrgico regional
Authors: Ribeiro da Cunha Arruda Vitória , Beatriz dos Santos Silva Aline , Flaudiano Bem Leite Antonio
Published: February 2024

Objetiva-se descrever a programação, os gastos e os fluxos assistenciais do componente hospitalar cirúrgico da 12ª Região de Saúde do Estado de Pernambuco. Trata-se de estudo descritivo comparado a partir de dados secundários da Programação Pactuada e Integrada (PPI) de Atenção à Saúde de 2006 e a produção hospitalar do ano de 2019, referente aos encaminhamentos e recebimentos de procedimentos do grupo de cirurgias dos 10 municípios da 12ª Região de Saúde. Os resultados apontaram que a I Região de Saúde foi a grande recebedora, com destaque para Recife com 63,27% na programação e 79,46% na execução, apresentando as maiores médias de valores financeiros e, por consequência, o maior déficit acumulado em 90,7%. Referindo-se aos encaminhadores para municípios da 12ª Região de Saúde, observou-se que três municípios realizaram pactuações, mas não apresentaram registro de produção em 2019. Assim, a PPI se mostra um importante instrumento de marco regulatório loco-regional, porém, não reflete a expectativa de pactuação na execução no contexto prático e, por conseguinte, não garante efetivamente acesso aos diversos níveis de assistência componente hospitalar cirúrgico para região de saúde.
Gestão do conhecimento e cultura organizacional
Authors: Heckler Mota Maristela , Munz Fernandes Alice , Vicente dos Anjos Fernando Elemar
Published: February 2024

A pesquisa realizada teve como objetivo analisar de que maneira a cultura organizacional influencia no desenvolvimento e na implementação da gestão do conhecimento em organizações públicas de saúde. Para tanto, realizou-se um estudo de caso múltiplo, cuja coleta de dados ocorreu mediante um roteiro de entrevistas semiestruturadas aplicado junto a gestores de dois objetos de estudo, ficticiamente identificados como Organização Pública de Saúde Serra e Organização Pública de Saúde Campos, ambas localizadas na Região Nordeste do Rio Grande do Sul. Para a análise dos dados adotou-se a análise de conteúdo. Os resultados obtidos evidenciaram a transmissão das informações por mecanismos formais de compartilhamento de conhecimento explícito, facilitados mediante recursos tecnológicos. Identificou-se também que as culturas organizacionais são heterogêneas, denotando evidências de que embora na Organização Pública de Saúde Serra a cultura seja considerada conservadora, seus colaboradores estão se tornando menos resistentes às mudanças, estimulados pela aprendizagem. Por outro lado, na Organização Pública de Saúde Campos a cultura organizacional demasiadamente conservadora e ‘fechada’ se retrata como barreira às inovações e a melhoria dos processos, estando vinculada a questões político-partidárias intrínsecas ao contexto social.
Resposta da rede de atenção à saúde do estado do Maranhão na pandemia de COVID-19
Authors: E Silva Viana Antonia Iracilda , Abreu de Carvalho Carolina , Oliveira Pinho Judith Rafaelle
Published: February 2024

O objetivo do estudo foi analisar a resposta da Rede de Atenção à Saúde no estado do Maranhão frente à pandemia de COVID-19. Trata-se de um estudo quantitativo, descritivo e exploratório que utilizou dados do Cadastro Nacional de Estabelecimentos de Saúde de dezembro de 2019 e agosto de 2021 e dados dos questionários enviados aos gestores municipais de saúde de 217 municípios. Participaram do estudo 198 municípios, dos quais 94,9% possuem cobertura de 81 a 100% da Estratégia Saúde da Família. Houve implementação de 69% de equipes da Atenção Primária durante o período pandêmico e ampliação de leitos clínicos e complementares; 60,1% dos municípios contrataram profissionais para as Unidades Básicas de Saúde (UBS) e Vigilância em Saúde. Verificou-se correlação positiva entre IDH-M e serviços ofertados (r=0,293 e p= <0,001); cobertura ESF e ampliação de profissionais (r=0,162 p=0,023) e correlação negativa entre cobertura ESF e consultas nas UBS (r= -0,210 e p= 0,003). Os resultados apontaram que a Rede de Atenção à Saúde se organizou com foco na ampliação de leitos hospitalares e equipes de Saúde da Família, e que fatores contextuais em função de medidas restritivas podem ter influenciado na procura por consultas nas UBS.
The Importance of the School Magazine as an Extra-Curricular Activity in Facilitating Students’ Cross-Curricular Skills and Competences
Authors: Lemut Bajec Melita
Published: February 2024

The paper discusses the school magazine as an important extracurricular activity. We first define the characteristics of school magazines, pointing to aims, content focus, types of texts and the organisation of editorial boards. The fact that school magazines present an important platform for young people to formulate their opinions, challenge societal norms and values, pursue their artistic aspirations, and acquire knowledge, skills and competences, as well as form group identity, is emphasised. The objective of the research was to identify how the theoretical underpinnings of the school magazine as a clash of genres are reflected in the selected corpus of 103 issues of the school magazine Izvir, which has been in circulation since 1967. Particular interest is focused on the content, the types of texts, the presence of the zeitgeist and the edition notice. The research is in the form of a case study, applying thematic network analysis. The results show that the researched corpus covers diverse content, relating mainly to curricular and extracurricular activities, embraced in informative and interpretative journalistic texts, entertaining features and a literary section. The extent of politically oriented content engaging with issues that mark the period 1979–1985 is exceptional. The edition notice shows a significant improvement from the first issues, which lacked much of the required data, to the present perfected issues. Lastly, the magazines mirror the zeitgeist, transitioning from socialist and communist ideology to democracy. All in all, school magazines are an important educational pillar, adding to the formation of young people’s minds, but also encouraging teachers to question their roles, didactic methods and approaches. They also play a role in the formation of the school’s recognition in the local community.
Virtual lab design for active filter circuits
Authors: Abantika Choudhary , Debapriya Das , Sayan Paramanik , Krishna Sarker , Indrayudh Bandyopadhyay
Published: February 2024

Active filter circuits are a crucial topic in electrical, electronics and signal processing education, but their complexity often poses significant challenges to traditional classroom teaching. Virtual labs provide an immersive and interactive learning experience without the need for costly equipment and materials, offering a solution to these challenges. In this research paper, the approach to designing and implementing a virtual laboratory of active filter circuits using JavaScript is presented. The lab includes a breadboard, function generator, multi-meter, and uses a simulation engine to calculate voltage and frequency values in circuits. The virtual lab was evaluated through user research with engineering and science students, and it was found to be highly effective in teaching active filter circuits. Virtual labs are an essential tool in engineering education, providing increased flexibility and reduced costs.
Hipertiroidismo en pandemia por COVID-19: un reporte de caso sobre tiroiditis subaguda.
Authors: Restrepo Gutierrez Sebastian , Cruz Hernandez Omar Javier , Yupanqui Lozano Hernán
Published: February 2024

Introducción: La tirotoxicosis subaguda (SAT, por sus siglas en inglés) o tiroiditis de Quervain es una de las tiroiditis autolimitadas causadas por virus o procesos infecciosos postvirales de las vías respiratorios superiores. Este cuadro se caracteriza por dolor de cuello, síntomas generales y disfunción tiroidea que cursa con: tirotoxicosis inicial, seguido de hipotiroidismo transitorio y luego eutiroidismo. En febrero de 2020 se reportó un caso en el Hospital Universitario de Pisa-Italia, sobre una mujer de 18 años que presentó síntomas respiratorios con prueba de hisopado positiva para SARS- CoV-2. Este caso clínico se trata de paciente masculino de 43 años que ingresa al servicio    de urgencias por disfagia, pérdida de peso involuntaria 18 Kg aproximadamente con prueba RT-PCR para COVID-19 positivo, es valorado por un equipo multidisciplinario encontrando hipertiroidismo con hipocaptación en la gammagrafía de tiroides, TSH suprimida y T3 y T4L aumentadas; se inició manejo con corticoides por su marcada sintomatología con adecuada evolución clínica. Es  de interés su publicación por la importancia clínica de reconocer una tiroiditis subaguda en todos los niveles de atención médica hospitalaria como diagnóstico diferencial en patologías respiratorias superiores estables en paciente con COVID-19.
Descripción de pacientes con sepsis urinaria emergencias hospital universitario Bogotá 2018–2019.
Authors: Tamayo Perez Estefany Lorena , Laguado Castro Vivian Marcela , Martínez Rojas Edwin Fernando , Quevedo Mayorga Pedro Arbey
Published: February 2024

Introducción: El 30% de los casos de sepsis son de origen urinario, del 25-35% progresan a choque séptico   con mayor velocidad respecto a otros focos infecciosos, 4.7 (±) 2.4 vs 7.2 (±) 4.5 horas, su mortalidad a los 30 días desde la atención en urgencias es del 10%, pero en casos más severos del 25- 50%.
Objetivos: Describir la población con sepsis urinaria atendidos en emergencias del hospital universitario clínica San Rafael (Bogotá D.C.) desde diciembre de 2018 hasta diciembre de 2019.
Materiales y Métodos: Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo de corte transversal durante 12 meses, se aplicó muestreo probabilístico aleatorio para 70 pacientes, se realizó el análisis univariado con frecuencias absolutas y relativas y los multivariados con regresión logística.
Resultados: El 60% de los pacientes con urosepsis fueron mujeres, el 77,1% tenían diabetes tipo 2, se obtuvieron resultados positivos en hemocultivos y urocultivos en un 34.2% y 84.2% respectivamente. El 21.4% progresaron a choque séptico. La mediana de Sofa score fue 3.0.  Se demostró asociación significativa de desenlaces fatales con: Sexo masculino (14.2% vs 7.1% OR 4.0 IC95% 1.06-17.3 p= 0.03), alteración de la conciencia (11.4 vs 7.1% OR: 10.8 IC95% 2.38-56.2 p<0.01), choque séptico (12.8% vs 8.5% OR: 11.5 IC95% 2.67-57.4 p<0.01) y edad mayor de 79.5 años (AUC 0.67 IC95% 0.51-0.83).
Conclusión: La sepsis urinaria en nuestra población fue más prevalente en mujeres, adultos mayores y en diabéticos, el 21.4% progresaron a choque séptico, se demostró asociación significativa con la mortalidad en hombres, en mayores de 79 años y en pacientes con alteración de la conciencia.
Reversible Cerebral Vasoconstriction Syndrome in Children and Adolescents: A Case Series and Literature Review
Authors: Mucheleng’anga Lusungu , Sovi Kajila , Jung Seung Yeon , Kang Joon Won
Published: February 2024

Reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (RCVS) is a clinical radiographic phenomenon characterized by thunderclap headaches and transient vasoconstriction of cerebral vessels, which typically resolve within 3 months of symptom onset. Although RCVS has been extensively studied in adults, research on this condition in pediatric populations is limited, likely due to its perceived rarity. This comprehensive review aims to bridge the knowledge gap by examining the clinical presentation, diagnostic methods, treatment strategies, and prognostic outcomes of pediatric RCVS cases, including two case reports contributed by the authors. This study demonstrates an inconclusive sex distribution of RCVS in children, attributed to the scarcity of comprehensive studies of this demographic. Additionally, we identified several predictors of adverse neurological outcomes in children with RCVS, including motor deficits, aphasia, hypertension, and renal disease. This study offers a thorough overview of RCVS in the pediatric population, providing valuable insights to inform future research in this area.
Annual, seasonal and spatial differences in the growth rate of Baltic cod larvae and early juveniles in relation to zooplankton biomass fluctuations in 2006-2014
Authors: Spich Katarzyna , Fey Dariusz Piotr
Published: February 2024

It is an acknowledged theory that a faster growth rate, determined by various environmental drivers, may boost the survival of larval and juvenile fish. In this study we examined the differences in the growth rate of larval and juvenile cod (age 2 – 136 d; SL: 4.1 – 39.2 mm) between the years 2006 and 2014, sub-areas of the Baltic Sea (Bornholm Basin, BB; Słupsk Furrow, SF; Gdańsk Basin, GB), and seasons (spring and summer). The average growth rate for all specimens was 0.25 mm/d, with significantly lower values between 2012 and 2014 than between 2006 and 2011. A reduction in zooplankton biomass, especially the large zooplankton fraction, was observed after the 2006–2008 period, which was related to the prevailing temperature conditions in the surface layers. The reduction in zooplankton biomass was accompanied by changes in the structure of zooplankton: less T. longicornis, C. hamatus, and Pseudocalanus spp., and more Acartia spp. The results suggest that the inter-annual differences observed in zooplankton biomass and structure are likely responsible for the observed reduction in the growth rate of cod larvae between 2012 and 2014 compared to the years between 2006 and 2011. The growth rate reduction could be one of the reasons for the decline in the recruitment of eastern Baltic cod between the years 2013 and 2015, after the high recruitment years of the period 2011-2012.
Species diversity, abundance, and distribution of freshwater prawns along a selected perennial stream in Ngangla Gewog, Zhemgang, Southern Bhutan
Authors: Wangda Thinley , Bashir Sabreen , Suberi Bhagat , Vadhel Agrataben , Malik Tabarak , Mohan Anand
Published: February 2024

The study and diversity of freshwater prawns are of great importance due to growing interest in biodiversity and its relative abundance. The present study was carried out for a selected stream divided into three different habitat types: namely, pond, run, and riffle. The study was focused on the diversity and abundance of prawns. To make it more systematic, a transect was laid upon the stream and it was divided into 30 plots with 100 m intervals. Metapenaeus rosenbergii, Penaeus japonicas, and Metapenaeus insolitus were species recorded in the pond habitat type only. The Penaeus genus was the most prominent in the study area while the genus Metapenaues was the least abundant. The diversity of freshwater prawns was found to be highest in the pond rather than the run and riffle. Documented information for prawn populations in Bhutan is sparse. Therefore, there is a wide research gap regarding prawn diversity in Bhutan. This study will help to establish a baseline data for the prawn distribution in the proposed study area. The present study will serve as a reference guide for future researchers.