bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Volcanic plume height monitoring using calibrated web cameras at the Icelandic Meteorological Office: system overview and first application during the 2021 Fagradalsfjall eruption
Authors: Barnie Talfan , Hjörvar Tryggvi , Titos Manuel , Sigurðsson Eysteinn M. , Pálsson Sighvatur K. , Bergsson Bergur , Ingvarsson Þorgils , Pfeffer Melissa Anne , Barsotti Sara , Arason Þórður , Þorvaldsson Vilhjálmur S. , von Löwis of Menar Sibylle , Oddsson Björn
Published: June 2023

The Icelandic Meteorological Office maintains a national network of webcams designed and built in house for environmental monitoring. During the 2021 Fagradalsfjall eruption these cameras, along with a temporary near-field network of commercial cameras installed by the Department of Civil Protection and Emergency Management, were used to estimate the height of the$$SO_2$$SO2plume and lava fountain. Here we present the webcam designs, the techniques used to calibrate them, and the messaging system and web interface that allow near real time measurements to be made from the images. With this system we were able to make estimates of heights with an accuracy on the order of tens to a few hundreds of meters with a lag typically of five to ten minutes at up to ten minute intervals when weather conditions were favorable. The plume heights were then used to constrain the performance of the$$SO_2$$SO2dispersion model used for air quality forecasts while fountain heights were used to delineate danger zones where visitors at the eruption site were in danger of being hit by ballistic clasts.
ENVASARC: A pivotal trial of envafolimab and envafolimab in combination with ipilimumab in patients with advanced or metastatic undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma or myxofibrosarcoma who have progressed on prior chemotherapy.
Authors: Riedel Richard F. , Chawla Sant P. , Druta Mihaela , Jones Robin Lewis , Schuetze Scott , Lam Joelle , Zhuang Dongliang , Freddo James L. , Adams Bonne J. , Theuer Charles P. , D'Angelo Sandra P.
Published: June 2023

TPS11583

Background: Metastatic undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (UPS) and the genetically related myxofibrosarcoma (MFS) are soft tissue sarcoma (STS) subtypes with poor prognoses. While responses to first-line chemotherapy can approach 20%, efficacy remains limited in the 2nd-line setting and beyond. Pazopanib, the only FDA approved treatment in the refractory setting, has demonstrated an objective response rate (ORR) of 4%. Envafolimab is a single domain PD-L1 antibody administered by rapid subcutaneous (SQ) injection that is approved for the treatment of microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) cancer in China. The activity of envafolimab appears to be similar to other PD-1 antibodies administered intravenously (i.v.). Envafolimab demonstrated a 32% ORR in MSI-H colorectal cancer patients with progressive disease following three approved chemotherapeutics, similar to the ORR of 28% and 33% with nivolumab and pembrolizumab in these patients, respectively. The rationale for the ENVASARC is based on envafolimab activity in STS in phase 1 trials and previously reported activity of checkpoint inhibition in UPS/MFS: single-agent pembrolizumab demonstrated a 23% ORR, while the combination of nivolumab and ipilimumab demonstrated a 29% ORR in refractory UPS/MFS. Methods: ENVASARC (NCT 04480502) is a pivotal multicenter (at 30 U.S. and U.K. centers) open-label, randomized, non-comparative, parallel cohort study of envafolimab 600 mg every 3 weeks by SQ injection (n = 80) or envafolimab 600 mg every 3 weeks by SQ injection combined with ipilimumab 1 mg/kg every 3 weeks i.v. for four doses (n = 80) in patients with locally advanced, unresectable or metastatic UPS/MFS with disease progression on one or two lines of prior therapy. The primary objective of each of parallel cohort is to demonstrate an ORR with a lower limit of the 95% confidence interval that excludes 5.0% in each cohort. If ≥ 9 responders are observed among the 80 patients enrolled in each cohort, then the lower bound of the 95% confidence interval will exclude 5.0%. Secondary endpoints include duration of response, PFS and OS. Key inclusion criteria: ≤ 2 prior lines of therapy ([neo]adjuvant therapy excluded), ECOG ≤ 1. Clinical trial information: NCT04480502 .
A feasibility study of 177Lu-PSMA radioligand therapy alternated with radium-223 in patients with bone-metastatic, oligo-metastatic, hormone-sensitive prostate cancer after curative therapy: The DUET study.
Authors: Vis André , Ettema Rosemarijn , Hendrikse Harry , van der Gaag Suzanne , Oprea-Lager Daniela Elena
Published: June 2023

TPS5113

Background: Previous randomized clinical trials have shown an improvement in overall survival in patients with metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC), who have already failed other therapies, treated with 177Lu-PSMA radioligand therapy (RLT). Although 177Lu-PSMA RLT has shown exciting treatment responses in men with mCRPC and suggests a low toxicity profile, it has not been widely investigated in patients with metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (HSPCa). As of today, treatment with systemic drugs is proof of concept in advanced or metastatic HSPCa, as well as in other cancer types, and leads to improved oncological outcome, potentially by eradicating micro-metastatic disease. As a bone-seeking calcium mimetic, Radium-223 (Ra-223) is incorporated into new bone stroma, predominantly within sclerotic metastatic deposits. The high-energy of the alpha-particle radiation generates double-stranded DNA breaks, offering a potent and highly localized cytotoxic effect in the target areas. In a phase 3, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, Ra-223 has proven to significantly improve overall survival (by a treatment comprising 1 injection per month, at a dose of 50 kBq per kilogram of body weight intravenously), as compared with placebo. The optimal therapy in patients with oligometastatic bone HSPCa after previous curative treatment has not yet been defined. Methods: This is a single center, interventional, one-arm phase I-II study that prospectively investigates if a treatment strategy in which two types of cytotoxic RLT, i.e., an alpha-emitter and a beta-emitter, alternatively offered to patients with oligometastatic HSPCa, is feasible and safe. Eight patients with low volume, PSMA expressing, radiological progressive HSPCa (minimal 2 bone metastases, maximal 5, and at 0 to 3 lymph node metastases) will be recruited. In these patients, loco-regional radiotherapy or surgery is not an option anymore. The PSA doubling time in participating patients should be less than 6 months. Primary endpoint: To assess the feasibility and safety in patients with bone metastatic, oligometastatic HSPCa, treated by Ra-223 RLT alternated with 177Lu-PSMA RLT Secondary endpoints: Toxicity and (serious) adverse events will be monitored and reported in concordance with the NCI CTCAE v5.0; Assessment of the xerostomia inventory; Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels on follow-up at 3, 6 and 12-months; Investigative Treatment: Patients enrolled in the trial will receive three intravenous applications of Radium-223, in a dose of 5.5 kBq/kg body weight at t = 0 weeks, t = 4 weeks and t = 8 weeks (±1), and two intravenous applications of 7.4 GBq 177Lu-PSMA RLT at t = 6 weeks and t = 12 weeks (±1). Clinical trial information: NL81658.029.22.
Chantal Akerman and the Cinéfille
Authors: Mitchell Elspeth
Published: June 2023

One of Akerman's lesser-known films, Portrait d'une jeune fille de la fin des années 60 à Bruxelles (Portrait of a Young Girl in the Late Sixties in Brussels, Belgium, 1993) provides a critical lens for discovering the cinéfille as a concept for Akerman's cinema and feminist film theory. Cinéfille is conceptually both similar to and different from its near homophone, cinéphile, and aligns the moving image (ciné) with the girl (fille). The article develops the concept in relation to three areas: the possibility of a cine-love before and beyond the masculine frame of cinephilia; Akerman's complex relation to her own cinematic becoming and cinema's historiography; and the distinct temporality and duration of cinema produced by and for the figure of the girl. The article demonstrates that in Akerman's filmmaking, the figure of girl as cinéfille is not a position of resistance, nor a scene of perpetual adolescence, but a positive queer feminist creative engagement with the possibility of new forms of knowing, relating, and desiring. Attending to the emergence of the cinéfille and cinefillia allows us to articulate a sense of looking back that is not simply tied to nostalgia and loss. It also reveals a moment of creative discovery and intensity that emerges in the durational aesthetic form for which Akerman's cinema is well known. The cinéfille is a form of becoming realized in cinema.
Novel Standalone Motion-Sparing Pelvic Fixation Prevents Short-Term Insufficiency Fractures After Midsacrectomies Without Sacrificing Normal, Mobile Lumbar Segments Traditionally Used for Stabilization
Authors: Lo Sheng-fu Larry , Pieters Thomas A , Hersh Andrew M. , Green Ross , Suk Ian , Pennington Zach , Elsamadicy Aladine A , Sciubba Daniel M
Published: June 2023

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Sacrectomy is often the treatment of choice to provide the greatest chance of progression-free and overall survival for patients with primary malignant bone tumors of the sacrum. After midsacrectomy, the stability of the sacropelvic interface is diminished, resulting in insufficiency fractures. Traditional stabilization involves lumbopelvic fixation but subjects normal mobile segments to fusion. The purpose of this study was to determine whether standalone intrapelvic fixation is a safe adjunct to midsacrectomy, avoiding both sacral insufficiency fractures and the morbidity of instrumenting into the mobile spine.

METHODS:

A retrospective study identified all patients who underwent resection of sacral tumors at 2 comprehensive cancer centers between June 2020 and July 2022. Demographic, tumor-specific, operative characteristics and outcome data were collected. The primary outcome was presence of sacral insufficiency fractures. A retrospective data set of patients undergoing midsacrectomy without hardware placement was collected as a control.

RESULTS:

Nine patients (5 male, 4 female), median age 59 years, underwent midsacrectomy with concomitant placement of standalone pelvic fixation. No patients developed insufficiency fractures during the 216 days of clinical and 207 days of radiographic follow-up. There were no adverse events attributable to the addition of standalone pelvic fixation. In our historical cohort of partial sacrectomies without stabilization, there were 4/25 patients (16%) with sacral insufficiency fractures. These fractures appeared between 0 and 5 months postoperatively.

CONCLUSION:

A novel standalone intrapelvic fixation after partial sacrectomy is a safe adjunct to prevent postoperative sacral insufficiency fractures in patients undergoing midsacrectomy for tumor. Such a technique may allow for long-term sacropelvic stability without sacrificing mobile lumbar segments.
APLICAÇÃO DA LEI 12.996/2014: ASPECTOS CONTROVERTIDOS NO TRANSPORTE RODOVIÁRIO DE PASSAGEIROS NO BRASIL
Authors: Ortigao Sampaio Buarque Schiller Alexandre , Freire da Costa Felipe
Published: June 2023

Este artigo aborda o panorama legal e regulatório do setor de transporte rodoviário interestadual de passageiros no Brasil no ano de 2022, oito anos depois de o legislador abolir as regras que exigiam a licitação para a prestação dos serviços e estabelecer a autorização como novo modelo de outorga, apresentando as controvérsias suscitadas aos tribunais e o seu impacto para a implementação do novo marco regulatório. Para esse fim, o trabalho apresenta, de um lado, o resultado de uma pesquisa que buscou identificar as ações judiciais propostas com o objetivo de questionar a outorga de autorizações nos moldes da Lei no 12.996/2014 e o posicionamento dos tribunais e, de outro lado, uma crítica aos desafios impostos pelos atores institucionais, em especial Judiciário, Congresso e Tribunal de Contas da União, em razão da imposição de barreiras à entrada mediante limitações jurídicas e regulatórias ao ingresso de novos prestadores de serviço e à implantação da livre concorrência no setor.
LOGÍSTICA E AGRICULTURA: O PAPEL DOS INVESTIMENTOS EM INFRAESTRUTURA PARA O AVANÇO DA PRODUÇÃO DE SOJA NO CERRADO
Authors: Lima Costa Everton , Abner Matheus João Abner , Caixeta-Filho José Vicente , Péra Thiago Guilherme
Published: June 2023

O Cerrado é o segundo maior bioma brasileiro, ocupando 24% do território nacional. As áreas cobertas pela vegetação desse bioma se tornaram as principais regiões produtoras de soja no país, a partir da segunda metade do  século passado. Dentre os obstáculos para essa expansão da atividade está a defasada estrutura logística, que dependente do modal rodoviário para o transporte da produção, é um grande entrave para a competitividade do agronegócio brasileiro. Frente a esse cenário, de importância de maiores investimentos em logística, o objetivo principal deste  trabalho é indicar quais os principais determinantes para o avanço da área cultivada de soja nos municípios produtores do Cerrado, com ênfase no papel dos investimentos em infraestrutura logística, representados pelos investimentos públicos em rodovias, no crescimento da área produzida. Para isso, foram estimados modelos econométricos de painéis de dados dinâmicos, por meio de System GMM. Os dados são de 880 municípios, para a década de 2008 até 2017. Os resultados apontam que aumentos no investimento em rodovias são determinantes  positivos e estatisticamente significantes para o aumento da área cultivada. Além dessa variável, os resultados apontam que o desempenho econômico da atividade apresenta efeito positivo sobre o aumento da área, bem como  a densidade populacional, efeitos negativos. Foram consideradas ainda variáveis referentes ao desmatamento e rebanhos de bovinos, para o período corrente e anterior.
Ανθρώπινη αξιοπρέπεια και μετα-ανθρωπισμός
Authors: Καλαντζής Γεώργιος
Published: June 2023

Στόχος της διατριβής είναι η φιλοσοφική προσέγγιση στην έννοια της ανθρώπινης αξιοπρέπειας με έμφαση στις επιπτώσεις που ενδέχεται να λάβουν χώρα στην αντίληψη αυτής κατά την πραγματοποίηση του προγράμματος της ανθρώπινης βελτίωσης, και συγκεκριμένα της ηθικής βελτίωσης. Η θέαση της άνωθι προβληματικής έλαβε χώρα λαμβάνοντας υπόψη τις φιλοσοφικές προκείμενες του προγράμματος της ανθρώπινης βελτίωσης, οι οποίες αναδύονται μέσα από τα γραπτά αντιπροσωπευτικών υποστηρικτών του, όπως οι Nick Bostrom, Julian Savulescu και Allen Buchanan, με ταυτόχρονη αναφορά στην κριτική φιλοσόφων της τεχνολογίας όπως ο Albert Borgmann, φιλοσόφων της αρεταϊκής σχολής όπως η Martha Nussbaum και ο Alasdair MacIntyre, καταλήγοντας στη θέαση και κριτική του προγράμματος της ανθρώπινης βελτίωσης μέσα από τις προκείμενες των Søren Kierkegaard και Knud Løgstrup. Η διατριβή με πρωτότυπο τρόπο υποστηρίζει ότι η ευρεία εφαρμογή του μετα-ανθρωπιστικού προγράμματος με έμφαση στην ηθική βελτίωση του ανθρώπου ενδέχεται να οδηγήσει σε αντίληψη της εγγενούς αξίας του ανθρώπου που απέχει από τη βέλτιστη δυνατή.
Clinical manifestations of Graves’ disease among adults - a review of literature
Authors: Skoczylas Kamila , Rokicki Sebastian , Schok Katarzyna , Mikulska Julia
Published: June 2023

Introduction: The most common cause of hyperthyroidism among adults is Graves' disease. The symptoms that occur in the course of this disease affect various systems and organs, including the skin, eyes, cardiovascular system, nervous system and respiratory system.

The aim of the study: The aim of the work was to review available publications and materials and present the current state of knowledge on possible symptoms of Graves' disease among adults.

Material and method: A review of publications available in the PubMed database was conducted. Articles were searched in English using keywords such as Graves' disease, hyperthyroidism, thyrotoxicosis, thyroid disease. Subsequently, works related to the subject of the publication were selected.

Conclusions: Graves' disease is a fairly common endocrine disorder, but its diagnosis can be delayed due to the variety and non-specificity of symptoms. In untreated cases, hyperthyroidism can lead to a life-threatening condition. Effective antithyroid drugs are available, so it is important to remain vigilant and recommend monitoring thyroid function tests if there are suspicions of its dysfunction.
Knee injuries in volleyball - a review of the articles
Authors: Zwolski Maciej , Puchalski Krzysztof , Szumlas Zuzanna , Klocek Konrad , Kostecki Bartosz , Jurek Aleksander , Mrozek Łukasz , Hajduk Aleksandra
Published: June 2023

Introduction and purpose: The aim of this study is to review and analyze scientific research on the topic of volleyball injuries. We attempt to identify the types of injuries that are characterized by increased frequency, diagnostic possibilities, and treatment methods. We believe that this work can support individuals involved in sports and sports medicine personnel in accessing information more quickly and facilitate the direction of further research into preventing injuries among volleyball players.
State of Knowledge: Knee injuries are divided into overload and acute injuries. Overload syndromes include degenerative changes to the patellar ligament. Medical history and physical exam suffice for accurate diagnosis. Treatment for jumper’s knee is based mostly on conservative treatment. Meniscus injuries are equally common such as ACL rupture. Not all meniscus injuries require surgery, and the key factor in making a decision is the pattern of tearing and the presence of appropriate vascularization.
Conclusions:  Based on analyzed studies we assumed that every third serious injury among volleyball players is the knee injury. There is no single preferred method of treatment. Early diagnosis and intervention are crucial to prevent the progression of the disease. Stretching and eccentric strengthening exercises are recommended in the early stages. Efficiency of platelet-rich plasma injections remains uncertain. Further research is needed to determine the most effective treatment. In acute knee injuries, ACL damage often coexists. Treatment for such injuries typically involves surgical intervention. Arthroscopy is the preferred method. Meniscus repair has a high success rate and enables a rapid return to physical fitness.
Dasatinib-induced chylothorax beyond 5 years of treatment: is there actually any limit?
Authors: Garcia-Zamalloa Alberto , Basauri Maria Begoña , Urcelay Maria Goretti , Sanz Adriana
Published: June 2023

Dasatinib is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor used for treatment of some specific types of leukaemia. The development of pleural effusion is a known adverse effect of dasatinib and chylothorax is exceptional. No case has been reported beyond 5 years of treatment and extensive search for an alternative diagnosis is currently suggested in such scenario. The underlying mechanism is not currently clear. We describe a woman on dasatinib treatment for more than 10 years who developed chylothorax. Drug withdrawal resolved the chylous pleural effusion. We were able to find 14 additional cases of dasatinib-related chylothorax reported up until now.
Encouraging more men to work in the early years sector
Authors: Davies Jeremy
Published: June 2023

Figures released in April by the Department for Education show the percentage of male staff working in early years has fallen back to the level it was 25 years ago. Dr Jeremy Davies, head of Impact & Communications and MITEY Project lead at the Fatherhood Institute, shares his thoughts on the current situation, what impact this has on children in settings and what can be done to attract more men to work in the sector.
Business outlook: Sailing in uncharted waters
Authors: Lewin Lucy
Published: June 2023

Lucy Lewin, founder and CEO of The Profitable Nursery Academy, reflects on the turmoil of the last year and shares insights into some of the approaches, strategies and changes that settings have adopted to help them navigate a sector struggling to keep afloat.
‘The role an early years educator plays is incredibly special’
Authors: Roberts Elly
Published: June 2023

Declan Hoskins, third in charge at The Treehouse Early Care & Education Centre operated by Bright Horizons, discusses how important it is for early years staff to understand the impact they have on the children they work with, their parents/carers and their wider family.
The dough station
Authors: Marycz Adam
Published: June 2023

One of the most used areas within the continuous provision of all of our settings is the dough station. During this case study I will explore the benefits of the dough station and the learning which takes place within this area.
Acne scar management and treatment: a review of the options
Authors: Ramadan Francesca
Published: June 2023

Although cosmetic and dermatological in nature, scarring from acne vulgaris can have a huge psychosocial impact on patients and merits its own treatment and management strategy. There is a plethora of modalities for the treatment of acne scarring, each with their own unique benefits and adverse effects; as such, it is critical to have an overview of the available options when consulting with patients to enable appropriate and effective person-centred treatment. Here, Francesca Ramadan discusses a selection of treatment modalities, providing evidence of their efficacy and reviewing their suitability for a range of scar presentations.
Research Roundup
Authors: Mcgloin Claudia
Published: June 2023

In this regular feature, aesthetic nurse Claudia McGloin presents a brief synopsis of a range of recently published articles on medical aesthetics. Research roundup aims to provide an overview, rather than a detailed summary and critique, of the papers selected. Should you wish to look at any of the papers in more detail, a full reference is provided at the end of each study summary
Patient emotional and psychological safety
Authors: Cairns Kimberley
Published: June 2023

In this JCCP article, integrative psychologist and trustee of the JCCP, Kimberley Cairns, delves deeply into the topic of body dysmorphic disorder and how practitioners can raise awareness of it
HEREKE FABRİKASINDA ÜRETİLEN BAZI İPEK DOKUMALARDA RENK, DESEN, TEKNİK ÖZELLİKLER
Authors: ÖNGEN Ayşe Gamze , GÖKÇELİ Şebnem
Published: June 2023

Osmanlı Dönemi saray halkı ve üst düzey kişilerin giyimlerinde, yaşadığı mekanlarda İpek ipliği ile dokunan kumaşlar kullanılmıştır. 19. Yüzyıl Osmanlı dokuma sanayinin ilk büyük fabrikalarından biri olan Hereke Fabrika-i Hümayunu Padişah Abdülmecit Döneminde kurulmuştur. Dadyan kardeşler tarafından Hereke beldesinde kurulan Hereke Fabrikasını 1843 yılında işletmeye açılmıştır. Hereke Fabrikası, 1845 yılında, padişaha Ferağ olunarak, saray adına çalışmaya başlamıştır. Osmanlı saray ve köşklerin döşemelik ve perdelik olarak üretilen ipek kumaşları Hereke Fabrika-i Hümayununda dokunmaktaydı. Hereke Fabrikasına 1850 yılında Fransa'dan jakar tezgâhlar getirilmiş ve Kemhahâne bölümü açılarak çalışmaya başlanmıştır. Hereke Fabrikası, Perakende satış yapan, ilk kuruluş olduğu kadar ürettikleri ile Uluslararası alanlarda büyük ödüller alan önemli bir işletmedir.1902 yılında, çuha, şayak ve iplik bölümleri, 1905 yılında yünlü dokuma, 1908 yılında fes bölümü, fanila, yün ve ipek halı atölyeleri Hereke Fabrikasına eklenmiştir. 1933 yılında Hereke Fabrikası, Sümerbank yönetimine,1995 yılında Milli Saraylara, günümüzde de Yıldız Sarayına devredilmiştir. Hereke Fabrikasında dokunan ipekli kumaşlar, Saray ve çevresine, ayrıca yabancı hanedan mensuplarına ve elçilere hediye edilerek, Avrupa saraylarına ulaşmıştır. Hereke ipekli dokumalarının kompozisyonunda Batı etkileri görülmekte olup oryantalizm ve çok rengin kullanıldığı görülen bu dokumalarda 143 farklı desen tespit edilmiştir. Kumaşlarda yer alan desenlerde bitkisel, hayvansal motifler, vazolar, müzik aletleri, geometrik düzenlemeler, Rumi, Çin bulutu gibi birçok motif görülmektedir. Hereke fabrikasında İpekli kumaş yanın da kadife kumaşta üretilmiştir. Son Dönem Osmanlı İpek kumaş koleksiyonu olan Hereke ipekli dokumaların da görülen, farklı örgü ve zengin renk çeşitliliği izleyicileri etkilemektedir. Ancak görselde kuvvetli etki yaratan bu dokumalarda kalite dışında, bir üsluptan söz edilememektedir. Bu bağlamda kültürel varlıklarımızdan olan Hereke ipek dokuma kumaş koleksiyonunun gelecek kuşaklara aktarımı adına bu ipek dokumaların desen, renk, üretim tekniği açısından araştırılarak incelenmesi önemlidir.
Physical Distancing Detection System with Distance Sensor for Covid-19 Prevention
Authors: Mihret* Estifanos Tilahun
Published: June 2023

COVID-19 is an ongoing pandemic and dangerous of coronavirus disease 2019. It caused by the transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). COVID-19 spreads most often when people are physically close. And, it spreads very easily and sustainably through the air, primarily via small droplets or aerosols, as an infected person breaths, coughs, sneezes, sings or speaks. The recommended preventive measures include hand washing, covering one’s mouth when sneezing or coughing, physical distancing, wearing a face mask in public, ventilation and air-filtering, disinfecting surfaces, and monitoring and self-isolation for people exposed or symptomatic. Hence, this paper proposed the architecture of physical distancing detection system with distance sensor which deployed on UAV System with the help of BTS (2G/3G/4G/5G) to enrich the COVID-19 preventive measures, as well as I have also developed a few algorithms for distance sensor (on UAV System) operations which sensing, tagging and disseminating the current distance, position and waiting time of resident’s information, and forwarding schemes to respective infrastructures and suspected residents including the security forces.
The Recent Spread of the Carpenter Bee Xylocopa pubescens (Hymenoptera, Apidae) in Europe, and First Record for the Aegean Archipelago
Authors: Catania Roberto
Published: June 2023

The African species Xylocopa pubescens Spinola (Hymenoptera, Apidae) has recently stabilized in some European countries such as Cyprus, Greece, and Spain. Wood transportation and climate change are the main hypotheses for the spread of this non-native bee in Europe. I present the first record in the literature from Santorini and the Aegean Archipelago, confirming the Citizen Science data from different websites. The presence and the spread of this species in Europe are discussed.
Numerical and experimental investigations on the propagation property of a mid-infrared 7 × 1 multimode fiber combiner
Authors: He Chunjiang , Xiao Xusheng , Xu Yantao , Xiao Yang , Zhang Hao , Guo Haitao
Published: June 2023

Mid-infrared fiber combiners have great potential in power and spectral combination. However, studies on mid-infrared transmission optical field distributions using these combiners are limited. In this study, we designed and fabricated a 7 × 1 multimode fiber combiner based on sulfur-based glass fibers and observed approximately 80% per-port transmission efficiency at 4.778 µm wavelength. We investigated the propagation properties of the prepared combiners and explored the effects of transmission wavelength, output fiber length, and fusion deviation on the transmitted optical field and beam quality factor M2. Additionally, we assessed the effect of coupling on the excitation mode and spectral combination of the mid-infrared fiber combiner for multiple light sources. Our results provide an in-depth understanding of the propagation properties of the mid-infrared multimode fiber combiners, which may find applications in high-beam-quality laser devices.
Hybrid ball-hinged secondary mirror assembly for high-precision surface shape maintenance
Authors: Guo Liquan , Jiang Haijiao , Lu Qishuai , Huang Jinlong , Zheng Yamin , Zhang Yifan , Zhuang Yongchen , Huang Lei
Published: June 2023

As an essential part of optical telescope, the secondary mirror is subject to the influence of ambient temperature, which leads to temperature-induced distortion on the surface shape. A hybrid ball-hinged secondary mirror assembly (HSMA) is proposed to achieve thermal adaptation over a wide range of temperature. Simulation investigation on the temperature-induced surface shape distortion of the HSMA were carried out by using the finite element model. Simulation results show that the change of secondary mirror surface distortions over a wide range of temperature are minimal and negligible. For the wide ambient temperature range from -30°C to 70°C, the PV and RMS values of the maximum residual distortions can reach as small as 16.31 nm and 3.005 nm, respectively. Furthermore, the influence of gravity-induced distortion on the surface shape is also carried out. Both simulation and experiment results show that the HSMA is able to maintain high-precision surface shape of the secondary mirror over a wide range of temperature and at different attitudes from 0 to 90∘.
Controllable bistability and squeezing of confined polariton dark solitons
Authors: Wang Gang , Hou Kailin , Liu Yang , Bi Huarong , Li Weibin , Xue Yan
Published: June 2023

The generation of squeezed light in semiconductor materials opens opportunities for building on-chip devices that are operated at the quantum level. Here we study theoretically a squeezed light source of polariton dark solitons confined in a geometric potential well of semiconductor microcavities in the strong coupling regime. We show that polariton dark solitons of odd and even parities can be created by tuning the potential depth. When driving the potential depth linearly, a bistability of solitons with the two different parities can be induced. Strong intensity squeezing is obtained near the turning point of the bistability due to the large nonlinear interaction, which can be controlled by the cavity detuning. The phase diagram of the bistability and squeezing of the dark solitons is obtained through large scale numerical calculations. Our study contributes to the current efforts in realizing topological excitations and squeezed light sources with solid-state devices.
Research of the parameters of EVOdrop filtered water during the gas discharge conditions with electrophotographic registration
Authors: Ignatov Ignat , Huether Fabio , Glukhova Natalia , Pesotskaya Ludmila , Iliev Mario T. , Ignatov Alexander I. , Stoyanov Chavdar
Published: June 2023

Drinking water that meets quality requirements is essential for humans. The quality of drinking water is assessed by various indicators and monitored in various ways. Pollution of the hydrosphere leads to the need to use unique water treatment methods since water can absorb various pollutants as a universal solvent. The problem of providing the population with high-quality drinking water is further complicated by the shortage of fresh water. This is due to climate change of technogenic origin and other environmental problems. Environmental monitoring of water quality indicates problems associated with the excess content of several chemical elements in drinking water, which negatively affects its consumer properties.
The deterioration of the quality of drinking water due to pollution of the hydrosphere necessitates the development and improvement of water treatment processes, including water filtration. Water that has undergone a water treatment process also requires a study of its parameters.
An analysis of publications indicates that a comprehensive study of water quality indicators is difficult. At the present stage, it is necessary to analyze water's physical, chemical, and biological characteristics.
From the point of view of the possibility of providing a comprehensive analysis of water quality indicators, the gas-discharge radiation method is promising. Black and white method (Kirlian, 1949, Antonov, Yuskesselieva, 1968, Inyushin et al., 1968, Boyer, Tiller, 1973) or color corona spectral analysis (Ignatov, 2007) is used in medicine, biology, and ecology to study biological and physical objects.
Research method (Pesotskaya, Glukhova, Lapitskiy, 2013) refers to active experiments since it is based on registering a corona discharge, which occurs when an object under study is exposed to a high-frequency pulsed electric discharge. The geometric and photometric parameters of the corona gas-discharge radiation depend on the properties of the experimental object of study. Registration of the corona of gas-discharge radiation can be performed by fixing it in grayscale on X-ray film or as a color image on photographic film.
The physical effects underlying the method are based on the ionization process, which ensures the formation of a sliding gas discharge formation on the dielectric surface. The discharge occurs due to the formation of ionized gas in the form of a conducting plasma. The dynamics of the formation of a gas discharge in the form of a corona, consisting of separate discharge tracks (streamers), correlates with the electromagnetic properties of a water sample. The geometric shape and surface brightness of gas discharges are determined and recorded on photographic material. The described physical effects make it possible to study the properties of an experimental object.
Predicting HIV infection in the decade (2005–2015) pre-COVID-19 in Zimbabwe: A supervised classification-based machine learning approach
Authors: Birri Makota Rutendo Beauty , Musenge Eustasius
Published: June 2023

The burden of HIV and related diseases have been areas of great concern pre and post the emergence of COVID-19 in Zimbabwe. Machine learning models have been used to predict the risk of diseases, including HIV accurately. Therefore, this paper aimed to determine common risk factors of HIV positivity in Zimbabwe between the decade 2005 to 2015. The data were from three two staged population five-yearly surveys conducted between 2005 and 2015. The outcome variable was HIV status. The prediction model was fit by adopting 80% of the data for learning/training and 20% for testing/prediction. Resampling was done using the stratified 5-fold cross-validation procedure repeatedly. Feature selection was done using Lasso regression, and the best combination of selected features was determined using Sequential Forward Floating Selection. We compared six algorithms in both sexes based on the F1 score, which is the harmonic mean of precision and recall. The overall HIV prevalence for the combined dataset was 22.5% and 15.3% for females and males, respectively. The best-performing algorithm to identify individuals with a higher likelihood of HIV infection was XGBoost, with a high F1 score of 91.4% for males and 90.1% for females based on the combined surveys. The results from the prediction model identified six common features associated with HIV, with total number of lifetime sexual partners and cohabitation duration being the most influential variables for females and males, respectively. In addition to other risk reduction techniques, machine learning may aid in identifying those who might require Pre-exposure prophylaxis, particularly women who experience intimate partner violence. Furthermore, compared to traditional statistical approaches, machine learning uncovered patterns in predicting HIV infection with comparatively reduced uncertainty and, therefore, crucial for effective decision-making.
“Addressing the bigger picture”: A qualitative study of internal medicine patients’ perspectives on social needs data collection and use
Authors: Davis Victoria H. , Dainty Katie N. , Dhalla Irfan A. , Sheehan Kathleen A. , Wong Brian M. , Pinto Andrew D.
Published: June 2023

Background

There is increasing interest in collecting sociodemographic and social needs data in hospital settings to inform patient care and health equity. However, few studies have examined inpatients’ views on this data collection and what should be done to address social needs. This study describes internal medicine inpatients’ perspectives on the collection and use of sociodemographic and social needs information.

Methods

A qualitative interpretive description methodology was used. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 18 patients admitted to a large academic hospital in Toronto, Canada. Participants were recruited using maximum variation sampling for diverse genders, races, and those with and without social needs. Interviews were coded using a predominantly inductive approach and a thematic analysis was conducted.

Results

Patients expressed that sociodemographic and social needs data collection is important to offer actionable solutions to address their needs. Patients described a gap between their ideal care which would attend to social needs, versus the reality that hospital-based teams are faced with competing priorities and pressures that make it unfeasible to provide such care. They also believed that this data collection could facilitate more holistic, integrated care. Patients conveyed a need to have a trusting and transparent relationship with their provider to alleviate concerns surrounding bias, discrimination, and confidentiality. Lastly, they indicated that sociodemographic and social needs data could be useful to inform care, support research to inspire social change, and assist them with navigating community resources or creating in-hospital programs to address unmet social needs.

Conclusions

While the collection of sociodemographic and social needs information in hospital settings is generally acceptable, there were varied views on whether hospital staff should intervene, as their priority is medical care. The results can inform the implementation of social data collection and interventions in hospital settings.
Identifying potential sites for rainwater harvesting ponds (embung) in Indonesia’s semi-arid region using GIS-based MCA techniques and satellite rainfall data
Authors: Suni Yulius Patrisius Kau , Sujono Joko , Istiarto
Published: June 2023

People have used rainwater harvesting (RWH) technology for generations to a considerable extent in semi-arid and arid regions. In addition to meeting domestic needs, this technology can be utilized for agricultural purposes as well as soil and water conservation measures. Modeling the identification of the appropriate pond’s location therefore becomes crucial. This study employs a Geo Information System (GIS) based multi-criteria analysis (MCA) approach and satellite rainfall data, Global Satellite Mapping of Precipitation (GSMaP) to determine the suitable locations for the ponds in a semi-arid area of Indonesia, Liliba watershed, Timor. The criteria for determining the location of the reservoir refer to the FAO and Indonesia’s small ponds guideline. The watershed’s biophysical characteristics and the socioeconomic situation were taken into consideration when selecting the site. According our statistical analysis, the correlation coefficient results of satellite daily precipitation were weak and moderate, but the results were strong and extremely strong for longer time scales (monthly). Our analysis shows that about 13% of the entire stream system is not suitable for ponds, whereas areas that are both good suitability and excellent suitability for ponds make up 24% and 3% of the total stream system. 61% of the locations are partially suited. The results are then verified against simple field observations. Our analysis suggests that there are 13 locations suitable for pond construction. The combination of geospatial data, GIS, a multi-criteria analysis, and a field survey proved effective for the RWH site selection in a semi-arid region with limited data, especially on the first and second order streams.
Cognitive function in UK adults seropositive for Helicobacter pylori
Authors: Erickson Lance D. , White David S. , Bassett Pierce , Gale Shawn D. , Brown Bruce L. , Hedges Dawson
Published: June 2023

Associated with gastritis, peptic-ulcer disease, and gastric carcinoma, Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) also has been associated with decreased cognitive function and dementia. In this study, we used data from the UK Biobank to further examine associations between H. pylori seropositivity and serointensity and performance on several cognitive tasks in adults 40 to 70 years of age (M = 55.3, SD = 8.1). In these analyses, H. pylori seropositivity (i.e., either positive or negative for H. pylori) and serointensity (concentration of antibodies against H. pylori antigens) in adjusted models were associated with worse function on tasks of Numeric memory, Reasoning, and errors on the Pairs matching test but better function on the Tower rearrangement task. Together, these findings suggest that H. pylori seropositivity and serointensity might be associated with worse cognitive function in this age group.
Gender-based disparities and biases in science: An observational study of a virtual conference
Authors: Zhang Junhanlu , Torchet Rachel , Julienne Hanna
Published: June 2023

Success in STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math) remains influenced by race, gender, and socioeconomic status. Here, we focus on the impact of gender on question-asking behavior during the 2021 JOBIM virtual conference (Journées Ouvertes en Biologie et Mathématiques). We gathered quantitative and qualitative data including : demographic information, question asking motivations, live observations and interviews of participants. Quantitative analyses include unprecedented figures such as the fraction of the audience identifying as LGBTQIA+ and an increased attendance of women in virtual conferences. Although parity was reached in the audience, women asked half as many questions as men. This under-representation persisted after accounting for seniority of the asker. Interviews of participants highlighted several barriers to oral expression encountered by women and gender minorities : negative reactions to their speech, discouragement to pursue a career in research, and gender discrimination/sexual harassment. Informed by the study, guidelines for conference organizers have been written. The story behind the making of this study has been highlighted in a Nature Career article.
PfCRT mutations conferring piperaquine resistance in falciparum malaria shape the kinetics of quinoline drug binding and transport
Authors: Gomez Guillermo M. , D’Arrigo Giulia , Sanchez Cecilia P. , Berger Fiona , Wade Rebecca C. , Lanzer Michael
Published: June 2023

The chloroquine resistance transporter (PfCRT) confers resistance to a wide range of quinoline and quinoline-like antimalarial drugs in Plasmodium falciparum, with local drug histories driving its evolution and, hence, the drug transport specificities. For example, the change in prescription practice from chloroquine (CQ) to piperaquine (PPQ) in Southeast Asia has resulted in PfCRT variants that carry an additional mutation, leading to PPQ resistance and, concomitantly, to CQ re-sensitization. How this additional amino acid substitution guides such opposing changes in drug susceptibility is largely unclear. Here, we show by detailed kinetic analyses that both the CQ- and the PPQ-resistance conferring PfCRT variants can bind and transport both drugs. Surprisingly, the kinetic profiles revealed subtle yet significant differences, defining a threshold for in vivo CQ and PPQ resistance. Competition kinetics, together with docking and molecular dynamics simulations, show that the PfCRT variant from the Southeast Asian P. falciparum strain Dd2 can accept simultaneously both CQ and PPQ at distinct but allosterically interacting sites. Furthermore, combining existing mutations associated with PPQ resistance created a PfCRT isoform with unprecedented non-Michaelis-Menten kinetics and superior transport efficiency for both CQ and PPQ. Our study provides additional insights into the organization of the substrate binding cavity of PfCRT and, in addition, reveals perspectives for PfCRT variants with equal transport efficiencies for both PPQ and CQ.
Pola Interaksi Ruang Kegiatan Usaha Perikanan Tangkap Desa Bajomulyo, Kecamatan Juwana, Kabupaten Pati
Authors: Listiana Novia Rini , Suwandono Djoko
Published: June 2023

Pati Regency is a regency in Central Java which has abundant natural wealth, one of which is in the potential capture fisheries sub-sector. Capture fisheries business in Pati Regency which is very potential is located in Bajomulyo Village, Juwana District. Bajomulyo Village is synonymous with the term "fishing village" because of the existence of the Bajomulyo Beach Fishing Port as a center for fishing activities. The availability of natural resource wealth developed into a business such as the capture fisheries sub-sector in Bajomulyo Village causes spatial interactions both within the region and with the surrounding area. This is because in the capture fisheries business consists of several units of activity (pre-production, production, post-production) that are interrelated with supply and demand. The capture fisheries business of Bajomulyo Village does not only interact or have local links (within Pati Regency area), but it is related to other areas in pre-production and post-production fishing activities. Business actors who run capture fisheries have been able to optimize the presence of local resources, especially in meeting the needs of supplies and by recruiting local human resources to work in the business. Capture fisheries business in Bajomulyo Village also draws human resources from other regions by providing equal employment opportunities.
Perubahan Fungsi Hunian Menjadi Komersial Terhadap Tarikan Perjalanan Di Perumnas Bumi Tlogosari, Kota Semarang
Authors: Destasaminda Velly , Basuki Yudi
Published: June 2023

The urban problem that is often experienced by developing countries is the high change of land use in a housing into commercial land. It happens because people often use existing facilities in urban areas regardless of their carrying capacity. The impacts that can be caused generally affect the capacity of transportation facilities and infrastructure. Therefore, changes in land use can affect trip generation. One of the transportation analyzes related to trip generation is trip attraction. The sample location chosen is in the Tlogosari Bumi Housing which has the characteristics of land use change from residential to multifunction land use. There are two types of data used, namely primary data and secondary data. The method used is descriptive analysis, and multiple linear regression analysis. The results of this study indicate that the attraction of travel on Tlogosari Raya street is influenced by the number of employees. The recommendation that needs to be done is to enforce permits to control land use change.
Analisis Kualitas Jalur Pedestrian Di Koridor Jalan Pb Sudirman Kecamatan Pare Kabupaten Kediri
Authors: Sulaiman Muhammad Adib , Kusumodewi Diah Intan
Published: June 2023

Pedestrians are the most vulnerable road users compared to other road users. To create a pleasant walking environment, we need an environment that can provide security for pedestrians. One of the busy pedestrian lanes is the PB Sudirman Corridor area, Pare District which is a commercial area in Kediri Regency. The purpose of this study is to see how safe a path for micro scale pedestrians can then be used as input in the process of improving lane design. The method used in this study is the Pedestrian Environmental Quality Index (PEQI) method that assesses the quality of pedestrian pathways with five variables namely crossing safety; traffic; pedestrian track design; land use; and Safety and walkability variables. The results showed that the quality of pedestrian lanes in PB Sudirman Road Corridor Area has an inadequate quality average at the intersection and only has basic facilities for pedestrians on the lane, so efforts are needed to improve the quality of pedestrian lanes.