bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Wie kann künstliche Intelligenz in der Bildgebung Patienten mit bronchialen und parenchymalen Lungenerkrankungen besser helfen?
Authors: Hoang-Thi Trieu-Nghi , Chassagnon Guillaume , Tran Hai-Dang , Le-Dong Nhat-Nam , Dinh-Xuan Anh Tuan , Revel Marie-Pierre
Published: January 2023

Im Zuge der rasanten Entwicklung der Computertechnik ist künstliche Intelligenz heute zu einem wesentlichen Bestandteil des täglichen Lebens geworden. Auch die Bereiche Medizin und Lungengesundheit stellen in diesem Zusammenhang keine Ausnahme dar. Wissenschaftliche Forschung auf der Grundlage von Big Data durchzuführen, bedeutet nicht, einfach eine große Menge an Daten zu sammeln und dann den Maschinen die Arbeit zu überlassen. Wissenschaftler müssen vielmehr Probleme identifizieren, deren Lösung sich positiv auf die Versorgung der Patienten auswirken würde. In dieser Übersichtsarbeit wird die Rolle der künstlichen Intelligenz sowohl aus physiologischer als auch aus anatomischer Sicht erörtert. Ausgehend von der automatischen quantitativen Bewertung anatomischer Strukturen mithilfe der Bildgebung der Lunge betrachten wir die Themenbereiche der Erkennung von Krankheiten und der Einschätzung der Prognose auf der Grundlage von maschinellem Lernen. Die Bewertung der aktuellen Stärken und Einschränkungen wird es uns ermöglichen, einen breiteren Blick auf zukünftige Entwicklungen zu werfen.
Cilia at the Crossroads of Tumor Treating Fields and Chemotherapy
Authors: Deleyrolle Loic P. , Sarkisian Matthew R.
Published: January 2023

Glioblastoma (GBM), the most common and lethal primary brain tumor in adults, requires multi-treatment intervention which unfortunately barely shifts the needle in overall survival. The treatment options after diagnosis and surgical resection (if possible) include irradiation, temozolomide (TMZ) chemotherapy, and now tumor treating fields (TTFields). TTFields are electric fields delivered locoregionally to the head/tumor via a wearable medical device (Optune®). Overall, the concomitant treatment of TTFields and TMZ target tumor cells but spare normal cell types in the brain. Here, we examine whether primary cilia, microtubule-based “antennas” found on both normal brain cells and GBM cells, play specific roles in sensitizing tumor cells to treatment. We discuss evidence supporting GBM cilia being exploited by tumor cells to promote their growth and treatment resistance. We review how primary cilia on normal brain and GBM cells are affected by GBM treatments as monotherapy or concomitant modalities. We also focus on latest findings indicating a differential regulation of GBM ciliogenesis by TTFields and TMZ. Future studies await arrival of intracranial TTFields models to determine if GBM cilia carry a prognostic capacity.
OFDM-based Wideband Hybrid Beamformer for mmWave Massive MIMO Multiuser 5G Systems
Authors: Shareef Faez Fawwaz , Al-Kindi Manal Jamil
Published: January 2023

Employing massive antennas array at the user terminals can be feasible by using millimeter wave (mmWave) transmission which significantly reduce the antennas array size. The implementation of massive multiple input multiple output (MIMO) at the user terminals facilitates accurate beamforming. In this paper, a modified orthogonal matching pursuit (OMP) algorithm is used to design a wideband hybrid combiner based on the sparse structure of mmWave channel and orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM). Based on OFDM, the wideband channel considered as multiple narrowband channels so a modified narrowband hybrid combiner can be implemented for each subcarrier channel in a manner where the RF combiner is the same for all subcarriers, whilst the baseband combiner is obtained for each subcarrier. For the multiuser 5G system, a wideband hybrid precoder based on the block diagonalization (BD) method is used at the base station (BS) to cancel the interference at each user due to the other users. The performance of this hybrid beamformers (precoder/combiner) are tested for different scenarios of base station antennas number, numbers of users’ antennas, and number of users.
Design and DSP implementation in HIL of nonlinear observers for a doubly fed induction aero-generator
Authors: Rached Bouchaib , Elharoussi Mustapha , Abdelmounim Elhassane , Bensaid Mounir
Published: January 2023

This paper reports on the conception and digital signal processor (DSP)-based hardware-in-the-loop realisation of a nonlinear observer for a grid-connected variable speed wind turbine using a doubly fed induction generator (DFIG). The objective of this work is to build some observation structure based on the extended Kalman filter (EKF), the sliding mode observer (SMO) and the adaptive model reference adaptive system (MRAS) observer to observe certain quantities of the wind power system connected to the electrical grid in order to reduce the complexity and the cost of the hardware, to achieve an increased mechanical robustness, to operate in hostile environments, to have a higher reliability and to ensure an unchanged inertia of the system. The proposed observers will be combined with robust nonlinear controls based on the backstepping approach to control the wind energy conversion system (WECS). The whole will be implemented on a TMS320F28335 DSP board. A comparative analysis of the proposed observers will be carried out. Through the results of the DSP implementation in hardware in the loop (HIL), we will prove that this improved combination increases the desired performance.
Intelligent deep learning algorithm for lung cancer detection and classification
Authors: Reddy N. Sudhir , Khanaa V.
Published: January 2023

Lung cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer mortality. The overlapping of cancer cells makes early diagnosis difficult. When lung cancer is found early, many therapy choices are reduced, the danger of invasive surgery is reduced, and the chance of survival increases. The primary goal of this study work is to identify early-stage lung cancer and categories using an intelligent deep learning algorithm. Following a thorough review of the literature, we discovered that certain classifiers are ineffective while others are almost perfect. In general, several different kinds of images are employed, but computer tomography scanned images are preferable due to their reduced noise. Intelligent deep learning algorithm is one such approach that employs convolutional neural network techniques and has been shown to be the most effective way for medical image processing, lung nodule identification, classification, feature extraction, and lung cancer prediction. The characteristics are taken from the segmented images and classified using intelligent deep learning algorithm. The suggested techniques' performances are assessed based on their accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, recall, and precision.
Improving sentiment reviews classification performance using support vector machine-fuzzy matching algorithm
Authors: Nurcahyawati Vivine , Mustaffa Zuriani
Published: January 2023

High dimensionality in data sets is one of the challenges faced in classification, data mining, and sentiment analysis. In the data set, many dimensionalities require effort to simplify. Many of these dimensionalities have a major impact on the complexity and performance of the algorithms used for classification. Various challenges were encountered, including how to determine the optimal combination of pre-processing techniques, how to clean the dataset, and determine the best classification algorithm. This study uses a new approach based on the combination of three powerful techniques which are: tokenizing-lowercasing-stemming (for series of preprocessing), support vector machine (SVM) for supervised classification, and fuzzy matching (FM) for dimensionality reduction. The proposed model was realized using 3 different datasets, namely Amazon product review, movie review, and airline review from Twitter. This study provides better findings than the previous results. Improved performance is generated by SVM combined with FM, resulting in 96% accuracy. So that the SVM-FM combination can be said to be the best combination for sentiment analysis on the given data set.
Performance analysis for a suitable propagation model in outdoor with 2.5 GHz band
Authors: Shakir Zaenab , Al-Thaedan Abbas , Alsabah Ruaa , Salah Monera , AlSabbagh Ali , Zec Josko
Published: January 2023

As demand for mobile wireless network services continues to rise, network planning and optimization significantly affect development. One of the critical elements in network planning is predicting pathloss. Thus, propagation models predict pathloss in indoor and outdoor environments. Choosing the appropriate propagation model for the area out of existing models is essential for network planning. Selected propagation models suitable with 2.5GHz, such as Friis Free Space Propagation Model (FSPL), Sandford University Interim (SUI), Ericsson, Okumura, and COST-231 HATA models, are utilized for evaluation and compared with empirical data collected from long-term evolution (LTE) networks in urban areas. The best acceptable model is chosen based on statistical results such as mean, standard deviation, and root mean square errors (RMSE). The analytical results show Cost-231 Hata model fits the empirical pathloss with a minimum RMSE of 5.27 dB.
Machine learning with task-technology fit theory factors for predicting students’ adoption in video-based learning
Authors: Masrom Suraya , Rahman Rahayu Abdul , Baharun Norhayati , Rohani Syed Redzwan Sayed , Rahman Abdullah Sani Abd
Published: January 2023

Nowadays, various innovative educational and instructional tools have been created to deliver learning material including video content. One of the important issues with video-based learning is to devise effective teaching strategies to ensure higher level of learning can be achieved by the students. Getting insight and predicting the students’ video-based learning adoption will help the educators. Thus, this study aims to examine the potential of using machine learning prediction models on video-based learning adoption in higher education institutions. Five machine learning algorithms were used to be empirically compared namely generalized linear model (GLM), random forest (RF), decision tree (DT), gradient boosted tree (GBT), and support vector machine (SVM). The performance of each machine learning algorithm in predicting the students’ learning adoption with video-based learning has been observed based on the attributes of task-technology fit theory. The findings indicated that the task-technology fit is useful in helping the machine learning algorithm to achieve high accuracy in the prediction of video-based learning adoption. The GBT is the best outperforming algorithm, followed with RF and SVM. This paper presents a fundamental research framework useful for helping educators and researchers to enhance student interest and retention on video-based learning.
Imaging Methods: Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Thomas Katharine E. , Fotaki Anastasia , Botnar René M. , Ferreira Vanessa M.
Published: January 2023

Myocardial inflammation occurs following activation of the cardiac immune system, producing characteristic changes in the myocardial tissue. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance is the non-invasive imaging gold standard for myocardial tissue characterization, and is able to detect image signal changes that may occur resulting from inflammation, including edema, hyperemia, capillary leak, necrosis, and fibrosis. Conventional cardiovascular magnetic resonance for the detection of myocardial inflammation and its sequela include T2-weighted imaging, parametric T1- and T2-mapping, and gadolinium-based contrast-enhanced imaging. Emerging techniques seek to image several parameters simultaneously for myocardial tissue characterization, and to depict subtle immune-mediated changes, such as immune cell activity in the myocardium and cardiac cell metabolism. This review article outlines the underlying principles of current and emerging cardiovascular magnetic resonance methods for imaging myocardial inflammation.
Clinical Utilization of Multimodality Imaging for Myocarditis and Cardiac Sarcoidosis
Authors: Chareonthaitawee Panithaya , Gutberlet Matthias
Published: January 2023

Myocarditis is defined as inflammation of the myocardium according to clinical, histological, biochemical, immunohistochemical, or imaging findings. Inflammation can be categorized histologically by cell type or pattern, and many causes have been implicated, including infectious, most commonly viral, systemic autoimmune diseases, vaccine-associated processes, environmental factors, toxins, and hypersensitivity to drugs. Sarcoid myocarditis is increasingly recognized as an important cause of cardiomyopathy and has important diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic implications in patients with systemic sarcoidosis. The clinical presentation of myocarditis may include an asymptomatic, subacute, acute, fulminant, or chronic course and may have focal or diffuse involvement of the myocardium depending on the cause and time point of the disease. For most causes of myocarditis except sarcoidosis, myocardial biopsy is the gold standard but is limited due to risk, cost, availability, and variable sensitivity. Diagnostic criteria have been established for both myocarditis and cardiac sarcoidosis and include clinical and imaging findings particularly the use of cardiac magnetic resonance and positron emission tomography. Beyond diagnosis, imaging findings may also provide prognostic value. This case-based review focuses on the current state of multimodality imaging for the diagnosis and management of myocarditis and cardiac sarcoidosis, highlighting multimodality imaging approaches with practical clinical vignettes, with a discussion of knowledge gaps and future directions.
Impact of Metabolic Activity of Vertebra and Amygdala on Stroke Recurrence: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Kim Jeong-Min , Lee Reeree , Kim Yongsung , Jeong Hae-Bong , Seong Lee Eun , Ryoun Kim Hye , Park Kwang-Yeol , Won Seok Ju
Published: January 2023

Background:

Elevated metabolic activity of amygdala is known to be related to atherosclerotic cardiovascular event by increasing inflammatory cell production from bone marrow. We tried to identify the factors of metabolic activity in the amygdala, vertebrae, liver, spleen, and internal carotid artery related to the future vascular events after stroke.

Methods:

A total of 110 patients with acute stroke were included (72±10 years of age, 39% women) and underwent whole-body
18
F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography between August 1, 2015 and February 28, 2020. We compared the FDG uptake in the amygdala, vertebrae, liver, spleen, and internal carotid artery between patients with and without recurrent vascular event. Cox proportional hazards model was used to identify factors related to recurrent stroke and vascular event.

Results:

During the median follow-up period of 18 months, 22 patients experienced vascular events, including 15 stroke recurrence. Patients with recurred vascular event had a significantly higher FDG uptake in the amygdala and vertebrae than those without. The Cox proportional hazard model including diabetes, renal function, and carotid stenosis showed that a higher FDG uptake in the amygdala was independently associated with total vascular events (hazard ratio, 3.11 [95% CI, 1.11–8.70]) and higher FDG uptake in the vertebrae with stroke recurrence (hazard ratio, 4.94 [95% CI, 1.29–18.9]).

Conclusions:

The increased metabolic activities of the vertebrae and amygdala are related to future vascular event among stroke survivors.
Reflection of Demographic Background on Word Usage
Authors: Garimella Aparna , Banea Carmen , Mihalcea Rada
Published: January 2023

The availability of personal writings in electronic format provides researchers in the fields of linguistics, psychology, and computational linguistics with an unprecedented chance to study, on a large scale, the relationship between language use and the demographic background of writers, allowing us to better understand people across different demographics. In this article, we analyze the relation between language and demographics by developing cross-demographic word models to identify words with usage bias, or words that are used in significantly different ways by speakers of different demographics. Focusing on three demographic categories, namely, location, gender, and industry, we identify words with significant usage differences in each category and investigate various approaches of encoding a word’s usage, allowing us to identify language aspects that contribute to the differences. Our word models using topic-based features achieve at least 20% improvement in accuracy over the baseline for all demographic categories, even for scenarios with classification into 15 categories, illustrating the usefulness of topic-based features in identifying word usage differences. Further, we note that for location and industry, topics extracted from immediate context are the best predictors of word usages, hinting at the importance of word meaning and its grammatical function for these demographics, while for gender, topics obtained from longer contexts are better predictors for word usage.
Jewish, Masculine, and Professional: Intersections of Profession and Masculinity in Yoshue Perle’s Novellas “Gelt” and “Nayn a zeyger inderfri”
Authors: Kałczewiak Mariusz
Published: January 2023

This article explores “Nayn a zeyger inderfri” and “Gelt,” two novellas by the Polish- Jewish Yiddish author Yoshue Perle. These novellas feature first-generation Jewish middle-class men who anxiously struggle to perform according to the bourgeois masculine standards that their new class positioning requires. The article argues that Perle creates a narrative where Jewish masculinities come into direct interaction with non-Jewish bourgeois masculinities. While debates about Jewish masculinity often take “Torah study” or “productivity” as primary examples for thinking through appropriate activities for Jewish men, I suggest that a bank or a factory office is also a site for the negotiation of what constitutes ideal, failed, or proper masculine behavior. The article proposes a more nuanced approach to the study of Jewish masculinities, which would not be limited to looking at the intersection of gender and ethnicity, but would include class as another major factor.
Molecular data confirm Monolepta hieroglyphica (Motschulsky, 1858) and M. quadriguttata (Motschulsky, 1860) being synonyms of M. signata (Oliver, 1808)
Authors: Ge Yacong , Shi Chengmin , Bai Ming , Cao Zhiyan , Cao Liping , Wang Zhenying , Dong Jingao , Wang Yuyu
Published: January 2023

Monolepta hieroglyphica (Motschulsky, 1858) has been recently revised as the synonym of M. signata (Oliver, 1808) based on morphological characteristics. M. quadriguttata (Motschulsky, 1860) was synonymized with M. signata over 100 years ago. However, this synonymy has not be confirmed by molecular data. This widely distributed and abundant species shows a high variability in coloration patterns that caused numbers of synonyms. We selected color forms typical for the three nominal taxa for phylogenetic analysis. The phylogenetic, haplotype and genetic differentiation analysis of M. hieroglyphica, M. quadriguttata and M. signata were constructed to determine the relationships between them, and we also found mating behavior between them. They were intermixed together on phylogenetic trees, and M. hieroglyphica and M. quadriguttata had shared haplotype. There was no significant difference among them for genetic distance, and the synonymy of the three names based on external and genital characters can be confirmed by molecular data.
Can We Train Multisensory Integration in Adults? A Systematic Review
Authors: O’Brien Jessica , Mason Amy , Chan Jason , Setti Annalisa
Published: January 2023

The ability to efficiently combine information from different senses is an important perceptual process that underpins much of our daily activities. This process, known as multisensory integration, varies from individual to individual, and is affected by the ageing process, with impaired processing associated with age-related conditions, including balance difficulties, mild cognitive impairment and cognitive decline. Impaired multisensory perception has also been associated with a range of neurodevelopmental conditions, where novel intervention approaches are actively sought, for example dyslexia and autism. However, it remains unclear to what extent and how multisensory perception can be modified by training. This systematic review aims to evaluate the evidence that we can train multisensory perception in neurotypical adults. In all, 1521 studies were identified following a systematic search of the databases PubMed, Scopus, PsychInfo and Web of Science. Following screening for inclusion and exclusion criteria, 27 studies were chosen for inclusion. Study quality was assessed using the Methodological Index for Non-Randomised Studies (MINORS) tool and the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool 2.0 for Randomised Control Trials. We found considerable evidence that in-task feedback training using psychophysics protocols led to improved task performance. The generalisability of this training to other tasks of multisensory integration was inconclusive, with few studies and mixed findings reported. Promising findings from exercise-based training indicate physical activity protocols warrant further investigation as potential training avenues for improving multisensory integration. Future research directions should include trialling training protocols with clinical populations and other groups who would benefit from targeted training to improve inefficient multisensory integration.
Another new species of Glossocephalus (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Hyperiidea: Oxycephalidae) from the Monterey Bay region, California, USA
Authors: ZEIDLER WOLFGANG , BROWNE WILLIAM E.
Published: January 2023

A new species of Glossocephalus, G. aurantium sp. nov., is described based on two female specimens collected from the Monterey Canyon, California, eastern Pacific Ocean. It was found associated with an undescribed lobate ctenophore. Glossocephalus aurantium is readily distinguished from its congeners by the large crescent-shaped bulbous eye fields relative to the size of the head capsule. The pereopod morphology is most similar to G. rebecae, recently described from the same general region by Zeidler and Browne (2015), but that species is readily distinguished by it’s relatively narrow crescent-shaped eye fields. Apart from it’s prominent bulbous eye structures, G. aurantium is distinguished from G. milneedwardsi by the morphology of the gnathopods (not spoon-shaped). In addition, pereopods 5 and 6 are slender (not paddle-like) and the head capsule is relatively larger with a sharp rostrum (not rounded).
Review of the tribe Mutillini (Hymenoptera: Mutillidae) from the Oriental Region
Authors: LELEJ ARKADY S. , WILLIAMS KEVIN A. , TERINE JOSHUA B. , OKAYASU JURIYA , PARIKH GRISHMA R. , KUMAR GIRISH P.
Published: January 2023

The species in the tribe Mutillini (Mutillidae: Mutillinae) sensu Waldren et al. (2022, in press) of the Oriental region are reviewed. Fourteen species in the genera Kurzenkotilla Lelej, 2005, Mutilla Linnaeus, 1758, Standfussidia Lelej, 2005, and Storozhenkotilla Lelej, 2005 are keyed, reviewed, and illustrated. The males of the genus Kurzenkotilla are described and associated with the females. One new species: Storozhenkotilla nathani Lelej, sp. nov., male is described from India (Karnataka and Kerala). New combinations are proposed for Kurzenkotilla harmandi (André, 1898), comb. nov., K. rufodorsata (Cameron, 1897), comb. nov., K. semiviolacea (André, 1896), comb. nov., K. cicatricifera (André, 1894), comb. nov., and Storozhenkotilla binghami (Lelej, 2005), comb. nov. Six new country records are presented: Kurzenkotilla niveosignata (André, 1894) from Pakistan, K. annamensis Lelej, 2005 from Thailand, K. visrara (Cameron, 1898) from India, K. scrobiculata (Hammer, 1962) from Nepal, K. rufodorsata (Cameron, 1897) from Nepal, and Storozhenkotilla binghami Lelej, 2005 from Sri Lanka. Specimens of Mutilla mikado Cameron, 1900 from China were misidentified as Mutilla europaea by Su et al. (2019), and we recognize M. mikado as the sole member of the genus Mutilla to occur in the Oriental region. A key to the species of Oriental Mutillini is provided.
The first record of Caenis Stephens, 1835 in Australia (Ephemeroptera: Caenidae) with descriptions of two new species
Authors: SUTER PHILLIP J. , MYNOTT JULIA H. , WEBB JEFF M.
Published: January 2023

Two species of Caenis with straight forceps with a terminal tuft of spines are described from northern Australia. Male imagoes and nymphs of C. hanleyi n. sp. are described from reared material from the Alligator Rivers Region in the Northern Territory and C. binda n. sp. is described only from male imagoes collected from streams in the Wet Tropics of Queensland. C. hanleyi differs from C. binda by the structure of the forceps with C. binda being longer and narrower with longer apical spines. These are the first records of the genus Caenis in Australia.
Association of Platelet Count Detected by Novel Nano Probe with Prognosis After Initial Chemotherapy in Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Pan Yan , Wang Yingjian , Chen Fangjian , Liu Zhiwei
Published: January 2023

Objective: To analyze the correlation between platelet count changing and the newly diagnosed patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) after initial induction of chemotherapy for the first time, and to explore the prognostic indicators affecting AML. Methods: 253 AML
patients who received explicit diagnosis and treatment as AML. Platelet counts were detected by a near-infrared fluorescence nano probe based upon tirofiban, a clinically approved small-molecule glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitor (GPIIb/IIIa). Results: Hemorrhage, platelet transfusion
during chemotherapy and increased the platelet count after a course of treatment are risk factors for complete remission after chemotherapy, in which platelet count detected by nano probe after chemotherapy is an independent risk factor for complete remission in AML patients. Conclusion:
Using nano probe to detect platelet by using small-molecule glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitor (GPIIb/IIIa) can significantly improve descision making in AML patient in comparison to other traditional methods. In addition, we found that the prognosis of patients with newly diagnosed AML patients
with increased platelet count after induction chemotherapy for the first time is better than no increase.
Clinical Study of Ligustrazine Magnetic Nanoparticles Combined with Moxibustion in the Treatment of Migraine
Authors: Ke Meijia , Xu Jianguo , Lu Huajie
Published: January 2023

The purpose of this article is to explore the clinical application of ligustrazine magnetic nanoparticles combined with moxibustion in the treatment of migraine. In this study 60 patients diagnosed with migraine were enrolled and divided into three groups of ligustrazine magnetic nanoparticles
group, moxibustion treatment group and ligustrazine magnetic nanoparticles combined moxibustion group. Patients in ligustrazine magnetic nanoparticles treatment group were injected with quantitative ligustrazine magnetic nanoparticles, moxibustion treatment group used self-adhesive small.
Acupuncture moxibustion in patients with moxibustion patients, ligustrazine magnetic nanoparticles combined with moxibustion treatment group using the combination of the above two treatments, after the treatment period, the treatment of patients in each group is effective, prognosis recurrence
rate and adverse reaction rate perform statistics and analysis. The research results show that the treatment efficiency of the ligustrazine magnetic nanoparticles combined with moxibustion treatment group is as high as 97.2%, which is higher than that of the other two groups. The prognosis
recurrence rate is only 4.76%, which is lower than that of the other two groups, and the adverse reaction rate is 3.85%, which is lower than the other two groups. It can be seen that the treatment of ligustrazine magnetic nanoparticles combined with moxibustion is an effective way to treat
migraine.
Anti-Cancer Nanofibrous Bandage Based on PVA Nanofibers Loaded with Gefitinib for Skin Cancer Treatment
Authors: Li Yang , Jin Xin , Wu Qingke , Wang Yirong
Published: January 2023

Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, requiring sophisticated and versatile treatment options. As the enabling concept, nanotechnology has emerged to improve the efficacy of the current treatment strategies and eliminate their shortcomings and limitations. Accordingly,
the main purpose of the current study is to develop a topical drug delivery system for Gefitinib (Gef), an EGFR inhibitor, based on the electrospun nanofibers. Electrospinning was applied to fabricate PVA nanofibers with different concentrations of Gef, 5, 7.5, and 10 wt.%, and the SEM imaging
showed that the nanofibers were straight, uniform, and beadles. The results showed that adding Gef did not significantly compromise the mechanical strength of nanofibers. The fabricated anticancer nanofibrous bandage exhibited a burst drug release following a sustained release profile. The
cell lethality assay revealed that the treatment of the cells with the Gef-loaded nanofibers induced dose-dependent toxicity, which is valuable for the intended anticancer application. The results of the present study showed that Gef can be loaded into PVA nanofibers without disrupting the
morphology and mechanical properties of the nanofibers and can be applied as topical drug delivery for skin cancer.
Baicalein Loaded Crown Ether-mPEG-PLGA Micelle Drug Delivery System for Increased Breast Cancer Treatment: Preparation, Characterization, In-Vitro and In-Vivo Evaluations
Authors: Ji Shun-Li , Zhang Chun-Yan , Yin Xiao-Qin , Wang Jing , Wang Jia-Peng , Xu Xin
Published: January 2023

Due to low aqueous solubility and poor bioavailability of the flavone baicalein (BIC), a nano-micelle of delivery system was developed. Preparation of BIC-loaded crown ether-mPEG-PLGA micelle (BCPP-M) was performed via thin-film hydration method. Characterization of micellar excipients
was accomplished with 1H NMR, while evaluation of the optimal BCPP-M formulation was appropriately carried out through zeta potential (ZP), size of particles (PS), efficiency of encapsulation (EE) and capacity of drug loading (DL). We evaluated BIC release In-Vitro and profile
of In-Vivo pharmacokinetics. Evaluation of the anti-breast cancer property of BCPP-M using MCP-7 cells cytotoxicity and mice model was performed. Particles of BCPP-M were homogenously and spherically shaped with smaller average PS, coupled with higher EE and DL, good stability and polydispersity
index (PDI). The accumulative release of BCPP-M was obviously higher than free-BIC. Significantly, oral biological availability of BCPP-M was improved comparable to free BIC. Besides, half maximum inhibitory concentration (IC50) of BCPP-M in MCP-7 cells was lower than free-BIC. Animal experiments
also showed targeting, long circulation and antitumor potential of BCPP-M. Successful incorporation of BIC into long-acting and targeting micellar system could have enhanced solubility in aqueous media, oral In-Vivo availability and antitumor property of BIC.
Nanocarriers for Active Ingredients of Chinese Medicine (AIFCM) Used in Gastrointestinal Cancer Therapy
Authors: Ju Jiale , Wu Yinghua , He Wen , Zhan Lin , Yin Xuelian , Zhang Junfeng , Zhang Yuxi , Qiu Li , Muhammad Pir , Reis Rui L. , Li Chenchen
Published: January 2023

Active ingredients of Chinese medicine (AIFCM) are pharmacological substances taken from traditional Chinese medicine that show promise in treating gastrointestinal cancer. Compared with traditional chemotherapeutic drugs, AIFCM have advantages such as multi-target and multi-level treatment
of gastrointestinal cancer. Nanocarriers have the following advantages, better bioavailability, passive or active targeting of tumor sites and responsive release of drugs. The use of nanocarriers for delivery of AIFCM in treatment of gastrointestinal cancer, can overcome the disadvantages
of some AIFCM, such as insolubility and low bioavailability. In this review, we first outline the background on gastrointestinal cancer, main curative factors and conventional therapeutic approaches. Then, the mechanisms for AIFCM in gastrointestinal cancer therapy are presented in the following
four aspects: gene regulation, immune modulation, cellular pathway transduction, and alteration of intestinal flora. Thirdly, preparation of various nanocarriers and results when combining AIFCM in gastrointestinal cancer are presented. Fourth, application of novel targeted nanocarriers and
responsive nanocarriers in gastrointestinal tumors is further introduced. Finally, the application of AIFCM in the treatment of gastrointestinal cancer is summarized and prospected, hoping to shed some light on the nanocarrier-bound AIFCM in the treatment of gastrointestinal cancer.
Thermal and Flow Analysis of TiO2 Nanofluid Flow in Circular and Square Ducts with Multiple Twisted Tape Inserts
Authors: Wong Amelia Shi Hann , Tiong Angnes Ngieng Tze
Published: January 2023

A numerical study is conducted to observe the thermal and flow performance of TiO2 nanofluid in the circular and square ducts with different twisted tape arrangements. The presence of the twisted tape in the tube induces swirl flow, which aids in the heat transfer, but at
the penalty of a higher friction factor. The results also reveal that the maximum Nusselt number enhancement is obtained in the circular tube when the counter-triple twisted tape arrangement (C-TTs) is adopted while it is co-triple twisted tape arrangement (Co-TTs) for the case of square duct.
Besides, the highest friction factor is observed for the Co-TTs for both circular and square ducts. The heat transfer and friction factor in the circular duct are greater than that of the square duct. The highest thermal performance factor of 1.286 is obtained when the single twisted tape
and 1.5% nanofluid are used in the circular tube. However, multiple twisted tape inserts in the square duct contributes to improved thermal performance at a relatively lower friction factor when compared to the circular tube. Therefore, it is recommended to implement the square duct with multiple
inserts for compact or microchannel heat exchanger for heat transfer application.
Steady Magnetohydrodynamic Casson Nanofluid Flow Between Two Infinit Parallel Plates Using Akbari Ganji’s Method (AGM)
Authors: El Harfouf A. , Hayani Mounir S. , Wakif A.
Published: January 2023

This paper presents an investigation for steady Casson nanofluid flow behavior between parallel plates in the presence of uniform magnetic field. The governing equations are solved via Semi-analytical method, The Akbari Ganji’s Method (AGM). The validity of this method was verified
by comparison with results given by using Runge-Kutta. The analysis is carried out for different parameters namely: Viscosity parameter, Magnetic parameter, casson parameter. Results reveal that skin friction coefficient enhances with rise of viscosity, Magnetic parameters and volume fraction.
The results of this study can help engineers improve, and researchers can conduct research faster and easier on this type of problem. Also This work helps researchers to master the theoretical calculation of this type of problem.
A Computational Study on Magnetohydrodynamics Stagnation Point Flow of Micropolar Fluids with Buoyancy and Thermal Radiation due to a Vertical Stretching Surface
Authors: Jawad Muhammad
Published: January 2023

In current analysis, A numerical approach for magnetohydrodynamics Stagnation point flow of Micropolar fluid due to a vertical stretching Surface is reported. The impact of buoyancy forces is considered. In additions the effects of the thermal radiation and thermal conductivity with
non-zero mass flux have been analyzed. we implement the dimensionless variable technique and the systems of coupled non-linear PDEs are transformed into ODEs by using the appropriate similarity technique. Moreover, by using package ND-Solve on Mathematica problem is numerically integrated
with the help of shooting technique. Numerical approach for magnetohydrodynamics Stagnation point flow of thermal Radiative Micropolar fluid due to a vertical stretching Surface. The impact of thermophoresis and Brownian motion are considered. We implement the dimensionless variable technique
and the systems of coupled non-linear PDEs are transformed into ODEs by using the appropriate similarity technique. To observe the influence of the physical parameters, graphically valuations are performed for numerous emerging parameters like Brownian motion, mixed convection parameters,
thermophoresis diffusion, Hartman number, Radiation parameter, Prandtl number, Stretching parameter and other dimension less parameters. These several protuberant parameters of interest are engaged for velocity, temperature and nonlinear micro rotation profile and studied in detail.
Internal Heat Modulation on Darcy Convection in a Porous Media Saturated by Nanofluid
Authors: Kiran Palle , Manjula S. H.
Published: January 2023

In this paper we investigate the effect of internal heat modulation over a nanofluid saturated porous medium. We consider a small variation in time dependant heat source and vary sinusoidally with slow time. An energy equation will be altered by adding time dependant internal heat source.
This internal heat source has its time dependent and independent parts. Time dependent part shows that the internal heat modulation over a porous media and defines controls on heat/mass transfer in the layer. We have performed a nonlinear stability analysis to investigate heat/mass transfer
in the system. The nonlinear system of partial differential equations are transformed into nonlinear ordinary differential equations under similarity transforms up to the second term. This system has different system parameters and they have been investigated on heat and mass transfer graphically.
The dual nature, stabilize or destabilize is due to the significant effect of internal heating modulation of the system. Further, the effect of internal heating is to destabilize the system, as a consequence heat/mass transfer enhances. It is found that internal heating modulation can be used
effectively to regulate heat/mass transfer in the system.
Numerical Investigation on Nonlinear Radiative Magneto Hydrodynamics Hybrid Nanofluid Flow Past a Stretching Cylinder Embedded in Porous Medium
Authors: Ismail Mohammed , Gururaj David Maxim
Published: January 2023

The goal of this work is to investigate the effects of thermal radiation on MHD hybrid nanofluid flow over a stretching cylinder immersed in a porous medium. The mathematical model of the physical problem is provided and the resulting governing equations are transformed into the system
of non-linear ordinary differential equations using similarity transformation and it is solved numerically by the fourth-order Runge Kutta method combined with the shooting approach using the MATLAB software. The physical impacts of volume fraction, porosity parameter, Forchheimer number,
magnetic field, wall temperature parameter, and radiation factor on the hybrid nanofluid flow are interpreted by graphs and tables. Moreover, the skin friction and heat transfer rate of the engineered fluid are discussed. In addition, the current work is in good accord with past studies. It
is observed that the volume concentration of Cu gradually dominates the flow field, causing the skin friction and heat transfer rate to be reduced. Also, it is found that the skin friction coefficient and heat transfer rate are enhanced by the increase in Darcy and Farchheimer numbers.
Study of Heat and Mass Transfer of an Unsteady Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) Nanofluid Flow Past a Vertical Porous Plate in the Presence of Chemical Reaction, Radiation and Soret Effects
Authors: Raghunath Kodi
Published: January 2023

This paper investigates the heat and mass transfer of an unsteady, MHD incompressible water-based nanofluid (Cu and TiO2) flow over a stretching sheet in a transverse magnetic field with thermal radiation Soret effects. The governing differential equations are transformed
into a set of non-linear ordinary differential equations and solved using a regular perturbation technique with appropriate boundary conditions for various physical parameters. The effects of different physical parameters on the dimensionless velocity, temperature, and concentration profiles
are depicted graphically and analyzed in detail. Favourable comparisons with previously published work on various exceptional cases of the problem are obtained. Finally, numerical values of the physical quantities, such as the local skin-friction coefficient, the local Nusselt number and the
local Sherwood number, are presented in tabular form. Results describe that the velocity and temperature diminish with enhancing the thermal radiation. Concentration decreases with improving the chemical reaction. Both velocity and concentration are enhanced with increases of soret parameter.
And also, water–based TiO2 nanofluids possess higher velocity than water-based Cu nanofluids.
Entropy Analysis on Magneto-Convective and Chemically Reactive Nanofluids Flow Over a Stretching Cylinder in the Presence of Variable Thermal Conductivity and Variable Diffusivity
Authors: Mandal Gopinath
Published: January 2023

The current paper is on the boundary layer flow of a magnetohydrodynamic nanofluids (Cu, Al2O3 nanoparticles with base fluid water) flow over a linearly stretching cylinder. We have analyzed the entropy generation with heat and mass transfer in mixed convection,
thermal radiation, viscous dissipation, variable thermal conductivity, variable mass diffusivity, and binary chemical reaction with activation energy. Convective boundary conditions are also considered here. No such attempt is yet made by the researchers on hybridization and entropy optimization
model by considering variable thermal conductivity and variable mass diffusivity with binary chemical reaction with convective boundary conditions induced by a stretching cylinder. The efficient implicit Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg method with shooting technique is used for numerical solutions to
the transformed-converted non-linear system of equations. The study is motivated by analyzing the effects on the nanofluid velocity, skin friction coefficient, temperature distribution, Nusselt number, nanoparticles concentration, and Sherwood number inside the boundary layer. The impact of
solid volume fraction, chemical reaction, and activation energy with entropy generation is the key findings of the current investigation. Variable thermal conductivity and variable diffusivity parameters hike temperature and concentration profile, respectively. Entropy and Bejan number are
increasing functions for curvature parameters.
Telemedicine in an Otolaryngology Clinic Serving the Incarcerated Population
Authors: Gallagher Tyler , Choi Janet S. , Garcia Erick , Chambers Tamara , Ference Elisabeth
Published: January 2023

Objective:

There is a paucity of data investigating the effect of implementation of telehealth on vulnerable populations, particularly the incarcerated. Our objective is to evaluate patient and physician satisfaction with telehealth (telephone visits) used in an outpatient otolaryngology clinic serving the incarcerated population.

Methods:

Incarcerated patients who were served by otolaryngologists via telephone visits from a large tertiary care center from June 2021 to January 2022 were included (n = 20) in this pilot study. Patient and physician satisfaction with the encounters were evaluated using the Telehealth Satisfaction Questionnaire and a modified physician satisfaction questionnaire, respectively.

Results:

Consultations for various otolaryngological complaints were completed via telephone for incarcerated patients including hearing loss, tinnitus, facial fracture, dysphonia, and tonsillitis. Mean patient and physician satisfaction scores were high at 4.25 ± 0.12 and 4.65 ± 0.13 respectively (score range 1-5). Patient satisfactions subdomain scores were 3.92 ± 0.13 for quality of care provided, 3.99 ± 0.13 for similarity to face-to-face encounter, and 4.2 ± 0.17 for perception of the interaction. Imaging or audiogram was available prior to appointment in 60% of cases, with labs, imaging, or audiogram ordered after in 40% of cases and initial pharmaceutical treatment provided to 10% of patients. 45% of patients required follow up in-person, while 40% were discharged pro re nata, and 15% were followed up with another phone visit. There was no statistically significant association between demographic or clinical characteristics and patient or physician satisfaction scores.

Conclusions:

Consultations for various otolaryngological complaints were completed via telephone with high patient and physician satisfaction within an incarcerated population in this pilot study. Telephone visit is likely a feasible alternative format that can advance otolaryngological care. Studies with larger sample sizes are required to ensure quality of care and advance social justice for this chronically underserved population.
Pilot Study: Impact of a Pharmacist-Led 48-Hour Antibiotic Time-Out on Antibiotic Utilization and Outcome Measures in a Community Teaching Hospital
Authors: Chikeka Kelechi , Gbadamosi Kikelola , Tran Haijing , Chughtai Imran , Muhammad Sheheryar , Senay Meriam , Lam Beatrix , Ngouajio-Teguiafa Lynne , Nonyel Nkem , DeLaine Letitia , McSwain Chelsea , Price DeAngelo , Michaels Karen
Published: January 2023

Purpose: The objective of this study is to determine the impact of a 48-hour time-out on the utilization of targeted empiric intravenous (IV) antibiotics through a systematic approach. Methods: This is a single-center, prospective, interventional study approved by the Institutional Review Board. Study groups were stratified into a control and intervention arm. Inclusion criteria consisted of patients 18 years of age or greater, on targeted broad-spectrum IV antibiotics for more than 24 hours: daptomycin, ertapenem, meropenem, piperacillin-tazobactam, vancomycin. Exclusion criteria included febrile neutropenic, pregnant, critically ill, and surgical prophylactic patients. Targeted interventions made by pharmacists included: IV to oral conversions, dose optimizations/adjustments, and de-escalations. Primary endpoints were days of therapy per 1000 patient days (DOT/1000), days of therapy at risk per 1000 patient days (DOT/1000 DAR), and de-escalation rates. Results: Table 1 depicts a total 88.69% mean reduction of DOT/1000 of the intervention arm for vancomycin, piperacillin/tazobactam, and meropenem ( P-value <.0001) when compared to the control arm. Table 2 depicts a total 88.86% mean reduction of DOT/1000 DAR of the intervention arm for vancomycin, piperacillin/tazobactam, and meropenem ( P-value <.0001) when compared to control. Table 3 shows a 77.11% increase in total de-escalation rates ( P-value = .0107) in the intervention group when compared to control group (63.52%). Conclusion: This study displays the essential role that pharmacists play in antibiotic stewardship. This study further reveals that the stewarding tool utilized contributed to significant reductions in the usage of targeted empiric intravenous antibiotics.
Post-Materialism and Political Grievances: Implications for Protest Participation in Hong Kong
Authors: Charm Theodore , Lin Tse-min
Published: January 2023

In recent decades, Hong Kong witnessed a number of protest movements that drew high levels of participation, most of which revolved around political issues. Why did ordinary citizens protest? What were the underlying factors that motivated Hongkongers to protest? We argue that post-materialism and grievances toward the government increase the selective expressive benefits for individuals to participate in protests. We illustrate that the two factors contribute to the protest movements in Hong Kong in general. Using the World Values Survey data, we found that post-materialism interacted with grievances toward the political system to increase Hongkongers’ propensity to protest. Our findings have important implications for the 2019 Anti-Extradition Law Movement in Hong Kong.