bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Política y sufrimiento: notas desde Schopenhauer a la justificación de la dominación y la imposibilidad democrática
Authors: Merlo Pinzón Jairo Alberto
Published: August 2020

Resumen: Schopenhauer ofrece valiosas claves de interpretación de lo político a través del sufrimiento como condición esencial de la vida. La ontologización del sufrir en la existencia hace que la política cumpla tan solo una tarea administrativa de este malestar social. La idea central en torno a este tema es que solo una voluntad saciada en sus demandas y sobrepuesta en las otras es la que daría lugar a la gobernabilidad, como se expresa en la mayoría de las tesis políticas modernas que atravesaron su pensamiento. La imposibilidad democrática está dada en razón de una naturaleza salvaje y egoísta que antecede todo acto comunitario. En el panorama político mundial, el ideal de democracia parece imposible y esconde en la sombra la dominación a pesar de los avances participativos. El presente escrito pretende vislumbrar en la descripción schopenhaueriana las dinámicas de la voluntad sufriente en su relación con la política para ver su actualidad y descubrir las reducciones antropológicas y ontológicas en las que se cae cuando se postula un horizonte de negatividad y exagerado pesimismo humano.
САВВА ОСВЯЩЕННЫЙ (439–532 ГГ.) И МОНАСТЫРИ ИУДЕЙСКОЙ ПУСТЫНИ В ИЗОБРАЖЕНИИ КИРИЛЛА СКИФОПОЛЬСКОГО
Authors: Шелудченко Ю.В.
Published: August 2020

Тема данной работы посвящена анализу жизни и религиозной деятельности св. Саввы – знаменитого подвижника и святого V – начала VI вв., прославившегося в Иудейской пустыне Палестины, – на материале его «Жития», написанного его учеником и младшим современником Кириллом Скифопольским. На основе данных «Жития св. Саввы» исследуются основные вехи жизни святого и его деятельность, историко-религиозная ситуация в ранневизантийской Палестине второй половины V – первой половины VI вв. и роль св. Саввы в происходящих событиях. В результате можно сделать вывод, что св. Савва активно участвовал в исторических событиях вышеуказанного периода и был очень значимой фигурой в регионе. Его «Житие» отличается высокой достоверностью и является важным историческим источником.
ПЕАН В ЧЕСТЬ АНТИОХА I СОТЕРА (Luc. Zeux. 11): РЕПРЕЗЕНТАЦИЯ ИДЕОЛОГИИ ДИНАСТИИ СЕЛЕВКИДОВ
Authors: Воробьев И.Ю.
Published: August 2020

Традиционный для древнегреческой религии гимн Аполлону – пеан в эллинистический период стал посвящаться правителям: поэты занимались созданием поэтических произведений, восхвалявших царский дом. В статье анализируется фрагмент сочинения Лукиана: после битвы с галатами армия поет пеан в честь Антиоха I Сотера. Автор статьи рассматривает данный эпизод, сравнивая с другими случаями исполнения пеанов. Обосновывается, что изучаемый хоровой гимн царю имел традиционный текст и не был создан придворным поэтом. Сделан вывод о том, что пеан, исполненный воинами после победы над галатами, наглядно демонстрирует основные положения идеологической политики Селевкидов.
Indonesia Education Readiness Conducting Distance Learning in Covid-19 Pandemic Situation
Authors: Churiyah Madziatul , Sholikhan Sholikhan , Filianti Filianti , Sakdiyyah Dewi Ayu
Published: August 2020

At the end of 2019 China was shocked by a very deadly virus outbreak, Covid-19. Then in 2020, this virus outbreak became a global pandemic that resulted in many life settings being forced to change suddenly, one of which was teaching and learning activities in schools. Indonesia also immediately adjusts the conditions to minimize the spread of this virus. Schools and universities agreed to change learning activities towards distance learning systems. However, the poor implementation has actually made the situation worse, where students feel a lot of stress due to distance learning management is not done comprehensively. This article aims to analyze the implementation of distance learning systems carried out by Indonesian education in the Covid-19 pandemic situation. Literature studies from various reports and scientific articles as well as in-depth interviews were also conducted with samples of students, teachers and parents, both in rural and urban environments in Indonesia which were most affected by the Covid-19 virus. The results of the analysis conclude that Indonesia has prepared virtual infrastructure well, but the factors of teachers and schools still need to understand more about the essence of distance learning. Students have low self-regulated learning so they are less able to regulate their distance learning activities, teachers tend to stutter about technology, and parents lack understanding of the nature of teaching and learning activities carried out at home.
Decision making criteria for Optimal Selection of Innovative Daylighting Systems in Buildings, Using Integrated Delphi/Dematel/AHP Approach
Authors: Gholipour Gashniani Mostafa
Published: August 2020

Nowadays, dense cities has led towards the decrease of daylight penetration into the interior space. Daylight crisis in buildings brings significant challenges to architecture, in three domains of economic, health - wellbeing and environment. "Light well" as one of the most common means of daylight tolls in building, experiences severe limitations and requires special attention. The question is which strategy is the best for increasing the daylight penetration to the depth of buildings. One of the main challenges in deep plan is to guide daylight into the building core and this can be performed through daylighting strategies, but the choice of the proper innovative daylighting system (IDS) with several parameters is the problem. This paper aims to find elements for optimal choice and selecting context-compatible tools for light well. The result shows that four macro factors were found at the interaction of building and IDS. Identifying the integration components can play an effective role in decision-making or design a new tolls consistent with the physical conditions of light well and building to overcome the daylight crisis. The present study aimed to identify, evaluate, and weigh the factors affecting the selection of appropriate and innovative daylighting systems for buildings. To this end, a three-phase study was planned and carried out. In the first phase, the factors affecting the selection of daylighting systems for the building were screened and finalized by using the Delphi method in three steps. In the second phase, interactions between criteria and sub-criteria were evaluated by the DEMATEL technique and then the network of communications and significant relationship between them were determined. The analytic hierarchy process (AHP) was employed in the third phase to evaluate the criteria and determine their importance in the selection of daylighting systems. Finally, the relevant sub-criteria were extracted and prioritized. The results indicated that structural, economic, and technical criteria were more effective than functional criteria in the selection of daylighting systems for buildings.
Problematics of Implementation of Inclusion Education in the Elementary School of Bengkulu City
Authors: Dewi Desy Eka Citra , Zubaidah Zubaidah , Lubis Elfahmi , Syaputra Een
Published: August 2020

This study was aimed at investigating the implementation, obstacles, and solution to inclusive education at the primary school level in Bengkulu City. This study used a qualitative approach with the analysis of the Miles and Huberman flow model. Data was collected through observation, in-depth interview and study document. The findings of the study were; firstly, most of schools have not implemented inclusive education during the teaching and learning activities yet. Secondly, four obstacles in implementing inclusive education were; the unavailability of Human Resources and the teacher’s understanding of inclusive education, the lack of curriculum and learning tools, supporting facilities and infrastructure, and school policies. Thirdly, Solutions to the obstacles were; the availability of Human Resources and the teacher’s understanding of inclusive education, the availability of facilities and infrastructure to support learning activities, the availability of curriculum and learning tools in schools with special needs, starting from the recruitment system, learning methods and models, to the evaluation system.
Homer’s the Odyssey and Taskin-e-Shirazi’s Falaknaz Nameh: A Comparative Study of the Role of Women
Authors: Moradi Fateme , Kashefian-Naeeini Sara
Published: August 2020

The book Falak Naz Nameh is among the love-epic couplets and one of the lyrical works of the Persian Literature in the thirteenth century AH which shares some similar epical features with European romance and was said by a poet of Arab descent named Yaqub ibn Masud with the pen name of Taskin-e-Shirazi. The present inquiry has a comparative look at the aforementioned book and the epic written by Homer (the blind Greek poet) and compares and contrasts women in both epic books. Through a profound view, the similarities and differences of the two foregoing poets with regard to women were investigated and scrutinized. In both stories, the presence and participation of women are among the main focuses and some or all part of the epics are based on their roles and activities; moreover, the logical and reasonable procedure of the story are taken by them. Therefore, the topic of woman and the part she plays are among significant features in both epopees, for women are the causes of the establishment and continuation of what happens in the two stories.
Customary Practices and Symbolisms at Worship Events in a Virtual Religious Community
Authors: Foulidi Xanthippi , Katsadoros George , Papakitsos Evangelos C.
Published: August 2020

The present research in the context of Digital Folklore focuses on cultural practices and symbolisms existing at worship events in a digital environment. The method of online ethnography reveals customary practices of dominant beliefs, ideologies, behaviours, social actions, internalized patterns of behaviour, etc. that are formed during worship events in the religious digital community of the Anglican Church.
Accountability of Village Fund Management: Case Study in Bulusuka Village, Jeneponto Regency
Authors: Nasir Nasir , Asang Sulaiman , Hamsinah Hamsinah , Rusdi Muhammad
Published: August 2020

This study aimed to describe and analyze the accountability of Village fund management in terms of the dimensions of transparency, liability, control, responsibility, and responsiveness in Jeneponto Regency, Bontoramba District, Bulusuka Village. This research is a descriptive study using a qualitative approach that is phenomenological. Bontoramba Jeneponto Regency, South Sulawesi Province. Research informants included the internal village government, Bontoramba District Head, Regional Examination Team (TPD), Academics and NGOs. Data is collected through observation, interviews and documentaries, while data analysis is done through data collection, reduction, presentation and verification / conclusion. The results showed that the accountability of Village Fund management in terms of the dimensions of transparency, liability, control, responsibility, and responsiveness were not fully maximally managed accountably. The process of managing village funds in an accountable and transparent manner through the Musdus (hamlet deliberation) and Musdes (village deliberation) of budget designs and development programs and deliberations on budget realization and development program realization by installing information boards and billboards in public places, so that the public knows the process of managing village funds universally.
The Conception of Intercultural Learning Media and Education
Authors: Winoto Darmawan Edi
Published: August 2020

Conflicts and violence occur in various regions of Indonesia. It due to a lack of mutual understanding and respect between one group to other. Intercultural education was needed to build communication and understanding diversity. This article aims to explain the perceptions of students and educators regarding intercultural education. The research design used a qualitative method. Informants were 40 respondents. In this study,the survey instruments used interviews and questionnaires which contained 3 main components. Data analysis used coding and categorization. Data analysis used interactive analysis which includes data collection, data reduction, and verification to find general patterns. Data validation used the method triangulation by checking through interviews with the respondents.The result showed the most students considered that the direction of intercultural learning was to develop knowledge and sensitivity to social reality. Intercultural learning digitally becomes an opportunity and a challenge. We could utilize learning technology,innovative and creative methods, the efficiency of learning time, provide new perspectives on intercultural learning digitally. Digital media visualized themes and made learning more concrete. Students’ sense of meaning difference increased as a necessity. Differences in background, culture, thought, behavior, environment, level, and religion did not become a problem for students in interacting and communicating.
Attract Deposits to Commercial Banks and Strengthen their Resource Base
Authors: Abdulakhadovich RakhimovSanjar
Published: August 2020

This article deals with the issue of transferring funds of legal entities and individuals at the disposal of commercial banks of the Republic to the Bank's resource funds. Also, this paper studied the influencing factors and their properties. At the same time, recommendations were made to strengthen the deposit base.
Principles and Methods of Lifestyle in the Field of Economic Interactions Based on al-Sahifah al-Sajjadiah
Authors: Obudiyyat Farideh , Ali Mahdavi Rad Muhammad , Najjarzadegan Fathullah
Published: August 2020

The meaning of lifestyle in economic interactions is the kind of Islamic teachings that the society follows in its economic life and solving its economic problems. The economic discourse of Islam is not separate from its ethical discourse, and the two of the discourses are completely interrelated. This interrelation by itself is one of the most important features of Islamic economics.In the field of economic interactions, Imam Sajjad (A.S.) considers commitment to some insights, thoughts and beliefs necessary for activating Islam’s rulings in the field of economics. Some of these insights and beliefs include believing in God’s justice in spreading His blessings, the necessity of satisfaction with divine ordinance, earning wealth being one of the most important areas of human examination, etc.Multiple practical solutions could be found in the prayers of al-Sahifah al-Sajjadiah, including thanksgiving, preserving dignity and self-respect, acquiring lawful wealth, leaning toward Quran for increasing God’s blessings, moderation in costs and avoiding debts, etc. The research method in this article is descriptive, analytical and text-based; and the goal is to explain the principles and methods of economic interactions based on the prayers of al-Sahifah al-Sajjadiah.
The Customary Village Hegemony in Bali Towards Minority Groups
Authors: Nyoman Widastra Paskalis , Ngurah Anom Kumbara Anak Agung , Bagus Wirawan Anak Agung , Gede Mudana I
Published: August 2020

For the Balinese, customary villages are social realities that are accepted as given. It exists as a social institution that competes with existing institutions, especially government agencies such as the service village. Its existence is only felt when it clashes with rights that intersect with heterogeneous community life in ethnicity and religion. In this study, the customary village is understood as an important institution that must be given space because of the history and also the role that has been played in maintaining the security and comfort of Bali. But in the perspective of minority groups, its presence becomes a hegemonic institution that threatens the diversity of Balinese society.Through a deconstruction approach, customary villages in Bali Province Regulation No. 4 of 2019, is expected to continue to provide benefits to build togetherness in plurality.
Current and Emerging Drugs in the Treatment of Anemia in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Zhong Hongzhen , Lin Wenshan , Zhou Tianbiao
Published: August 2020

Anemia is a common complication of chronic kidney disease (CKD), and its prevalence has shown a tendency to increase in many countries. Anemia is associated with incident heart failure and increases mortality in CKD patients, garnering public attention. Here, we reviewed recent studies about CKD with anemia, and tried to summarize the risks and causes and new progress in the treatment of renal anemia. Among the risks and causes, calcium and phosphorus metabolism disorders should be pointed out along with common causes such as iron and erythropoietin deficiencies, hypoxia, inflammation and uremic toxins, and so on. The new anti-anemia treatments mainly include hematopoietic materials supplementation, erythropoietin-stimulating agents, calcium and phosphorus regulators and hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase inhibitors.
Novel Coronavirus 2019 (COVID‐19): Important tips on food safety
Authors: Shariatifar Nabi , Molaee-aghaee Ebrahim
Published: August 2020

This article is an Editorial and does not include an Abstract.
Balantidiasis Vaginal
Authors: Isaza Mejía Gustavo
Published: August 2020

El Balantidium Coli es el más grande de los Protozoarios de la clase de los infusorios. Su nombre se deriva del griego BALANTIDIUM pequeña bolsa: fue descubierto por Malmsten en Stokolmo en el año de 1857.
Esterilidad primaria de origen miomatoso curada por miomectomía
Authors: Bernal Héctor Enrique
Published: August 2020

En comunicaciones anteriores (1) (2) hemos tenido oportunidad de referirnos a los grandes factores ginecológicos como causa eficiente de infertilidad; entre ellos el mioma uterino (3) ocupa un lugar de importancia ya que si es verdad que numerosas miomatosas son capaces de llevar un embarazo a feliz término, en cambio hay otras en quienes la gestación fracasa precozmente, y por último un número quizá mayor para quienes la fecundación resulta prácticamente imposible.
Extractos de revistas - El problema que plantea el tratamiento conservador de ciertos tumores del ovario.
Authors: De Obstetricia y Ginecología Federación Colombiana
Published: August 2020

El problema que plantea el tratamiento conservador de ciertos tumores del ovario.Armando E. Nougués y Roberto InzaSíndrome dismenorreico y electroencefalograma.Enrique V. SalernoPatología maligna del ovario restante posthisterectomiaJorge Albertelli y Aldo PiovanoUna modificación a la técnica de la reacción de galli maininiFrancisco Lillo C.El uso del ion magnesio en el tratamiento de las toxemiasJack A. Pritchard, M. DEstudio crítico del embarazo angularGuillermo Villavicencio G.
Algunos comentarios a las pruebas de permeabilidad tubárica
Authors: Rueda G. Ricardo
Published: August 2020

Muchos son los casos de infertilidad femenina en que se impone practicar pruebas de permeabilidad tubárica ya que cuando se sospecha el "factor trompa" como responsable del problema, éstas aclaran la dificultad satisfactoriamente.
Doce observaciones de empleo de neuropléjicos en casos de eclampsia y pre-eclapmsia y un caso de eclampsia tratado con anestesia raquídea continua
Authors: Hunda Cruz Rafael
Published: August 2020

Acción de los hipotensores. Se considera a que actúan:1) Sobre el sistema nervioso, los Neuropléjicos en general: o sea: Unos por acción gangliopléjica pura, otros por acción central, y los más por su acción combinada. Ejemplo del primer tipo tenemos el Pendiomid y el Tetraniun y de los últimos tenemos el Largactil y los Extractos y derivados del Veratrum y de la Rauwolfia Serpentina.2) Por acción hormonal inhibitoria o estimulante. Tal es el caso del ACTH y los Extractos pancreáticos desalbuminizados. Estos hipotensores son de empleo secundario.3) Por acción vasodilatora electiva. Tal es el caso de la Aminofilina, Nitro de Amilo, Hidergina, etc.En general en su mecanismo de acción se considera que pueden obrar neutralizando los factores hipertensivos humorales. Este punto no está bien -dilucidado actualmente.
Potsdam Şehri Hava Sıcaklığının Dalgacık Regresyon Analizi ile Tahmini
Authors: Taşağıl Arslan Gökçe Nur , Deniz Eylem
Published: August 2020

Belirli bir süreye sahip olan ve bu süre içerisindeki ortalama değeri sıfıra eşit olan dalga şekline Dalgacık (wavelet) adı verilmektedir. Dalgacıklar, zaman alanındaki bir fonksiyonu frekans alanındaki bir fonksiyona çevirerek analiz eden Fourier dönüşümünün yetersiz kaldığı noktalarda kullanılmıştır. Dalgacıkların temel istatistiksel uygulaması "sinyali gürültüden arındırma" veya "düzleştirme" olarak da bilinen parametre kestirimidir. Bu çalışmada dalgacık dönüşümü ve eşiklerdirmenin istatistiksel anlamda değerlendirilmesi üzerinde durulmuştur. Bu kapsamda çalışmada kullanılmak üzere Almanya meteoroloji servisinden ortalama sıcaklık, rüzgar hızı, nem ve basınç değişkenleri alınmıştır. Bu değişkenlere ait grafikler incelendiğinde verilerin gürültülü olduğu görülmüş ve dalgacık dönüşümü ile veriler gürültüden arındırılmıştır. Dönüşüm yapılırken farklı dalgacık türleri uygulanmış ve elde edilen dönüştürülmüş verilere regresyon analizi uygulanmıştır. Her bir dalgacık türü için elde edilen regresyon modeline ait AIC ve RMSE değerlerine göre en iyi regresyon modeli belirlenmiştir.
Seyahat Süresi Değişkenliğinin ve Güvenilirliğinin İstatistiksel Analizi
Authors: Sertok Sibel , Anbaroğlu Berk , Yeniay Özgür
Published: August 2020

Şehir içi ulaşım ağlarında bir noktadan başka bir noktaya yapılan yolculukların seyahat sürelerinin istatistiksel olarak modellenmesi ve bunların güvenirliğinin analiz edilmesi büyük önem arz etmektedir. Gerçekleştirilen kimi çalışmalarda seyahat süresini modellemek için normal dağılım gibi teorik olarak uygun olmayan dağılımlar tercih edilmiştir. Bunun yanında birçok çalışma haftanın günleri hafta içi ve hafta sonu olmak üzere iki farklı sınıfta değerlendirmektedir. Gelişen sensör teknolojileri ile elde edilen büyük ulaşım verisi üzerinden seyahat sürelerinin istatiksel dağılımı ve güvenirliği gibi şehir hayatına etki eden faktörler analiz edilebilmektedir. Bu çalışmada New York şehrine ait açık ulaşım verisi analiz edilerek, birçok çalışmanın varsaydığı hafta içi-hafta sonu ayrımının gerçekçi olmayabileceği ve bir gün içindeki farklı zaman dilimlerinde istatistiksel sonuçların farklı çıkabileceği tespit edilmiştir. John F. Kennedy ve LaGuardia havalimanları arasında 07:00-19:00 arasında gerçekleşen taksi yolculuklarının seyahat süresi değişkenliği ve dağılımları incelendiğinde, seyahat sürelerinin Log-Lojistik (3P) dağılımına uyduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bu dağılım Salı ve Çarşamba günleri baskın dağılım değildir ve bu günlerde seyahat süresi güvenilirliğinin düşük olduğu zaman dilimlerinin bulunduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Palaeogeographic and palaeoenvironmental characteristics of major marine incursions in northwestern Europe during the Westphalian C (Bolsovian)
Authors: DUSAR Michiel , PAPROTH Eva , STREEL Maurice , BLESS Martin J.M.
Published: August 2020

The Westphalian C was a time of marked tectonic and climatic changes within the Variscan Foreland, but our understanding of these changes is hampered by a poor appreciation of large-scale palaeogeography and palaeogeographic evolution within this key stratigraphic interval. The distribution of tonsteins, marine bands and faunal occurrences related to marine incursions or the proximity of marine conditions in Britain and on the European mainland during the Westphalian C (Bolsovian) is briefly summarised. The favoured environmental conditions of some selected fossil taxa (Lingula, arenaceous foraminifers, Geisina, conchostracan faunas and Torispora producing tree ferns) are highlighted. A palaeogeographic model shows the relationship between major sedimentary facies belts in the Westphalian C of western Europe and the influence of major marine incursions on the distribution pattern of incursion-related faunas.
The frequent succession of transgressive-regressive faunal phases in beds with marine faunas and the close correlation between the distribution of these beds and the distribution of upper delta plain environments in the Westphalian C of northwestern Europe suggest that marine incursions were long-lived, related to glacio-eustatic events, and cannot be regarded as catastrophic « flash floods ».
Pengenalan Tanda Tangan Menggunakan Algoritma Single Layer Perceptron
Authors: Agung Riansa Dimas , Widodo  , Prasetya Adhi Bambang
Published: August 2020

Tanda tangan adalah sebuah tulisan tangan yang digunakan untuk mengesahkan sebuah dokumen atau surat Keterdapatan tanda tangan dalam sebuah dokumen mengartikan bahwa pihak yang menandatangani mengetahui dan menyetujui seluruh isi dari dokumen. Hal ini menyebabkan tanda tangan dapat dipalsukan oleh pihak yang tidak bertanggung jawab. Tanda tangan dapat dikenali keaslianya secara manual atau dengan penggunaan komputer dengan menggunakan jaringan syaraf tiruan (JST). Perceptron adalah salah satu algoritma jaringan syaraf tiruan yang dapat digunakan untuk mengenali tanda tangan dengan akurat. Algoritma Perceptron merupakan sebuah algoritma yang digunakan untuk supervised learning (Pembelajaran Terarah) yang dapat mengklasifikasi sebuah input yang bersifat linearly seperable (dapat dipisahkan secara linier) kedalam kelas-kelas tertentu. Peneliti menggunakan tanda tangan dari 5 pejabat fakultas teknik universitas negeri Jakarta, terdapat 15 tanda tangan asli masing masing pejabat dan terdapat juga 15 tanda tangan palsu masing masing pejabat, secara keseluruhan terdapat 150 tanda tangan yang akan dijadikan sebagai data uji (data test) dan data latih (data train). K fold-cross validation digunakan untuk mendapatkan tingkat akurasi yang valid dari penggunaan algoritma perceptron. Hasil pengenalan tanda tangan menggunakan algoritma perceptron yang tingkat akurasinya diukur dengan menggunakan k fold-cross validation, memiliki rata-rata akurasi algoritma 78.667%
Clinical learning environment of nursing and midwifery students in Ghana
Authors: Ziba Florence Assibi , Yakong Vida Nyagre , Ali Zakari
Published: August 2020

Background: Data on student experience of the clinical learning environment in Ghana are scarce. We therefore aimed to assess students’ evaluation of the clinical learning environment and the factors that influence their learning experience.Methods: This was a cross-sectional survey of 225 undergraduate nursing and midwifery students. We used the Clinical Learning Environment and Supervision + Nurse Teacher (CLES +T) evaluation scale to assess students’ experience of their clinical placement. The association between student demographic characteristics and clinical placement experience was determined using t-test or ANOVA.Results: Most of the sampled students were Nurses (67 %) and in the third year of training (81%). More students received supervision from a nurse (57%) during clinical placement and team supervision (67%) was the most common during clinical placement. Nursing students were more likely to rate their clinical experience better than midwifery students (p=0.002). Students who had increased contact with private supervisors were also more likely to rate their experience higher (p=0.002). Clinical experience was also rated higher by students who received successful supervision compared to those who had unsuccessful or team supervision (p=0.001).Conclusion: Team supervision is high in health facilities where students undertake clinical placement in Ghana. Frequent contact with private supervisor and successful supervision are associated with better rating of clinical experience among Ghanaian undergraduate nursing and midwifery students.
Changes levels of myokines after aerobic training and resistance training in post-menopausal females with obesity: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Kang Sunghwun , Park Il Bong , Lim Seung-Taek
Published: August 2020

Background

To investigate changes in levels of myokines after regular aerobic training and resistance training in post- menopausal females with obesity.

Methods

A community-based a randomized controlled trial study was 41 post- menopausal females with obesity from Buk-gu community center, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea, from November 2017 until the end of October 2018. Among 41 post- menopausal obese females volunteered to participate in this study performed regular physical exercise training (aerobic exercise and resistance exercise). These participants were randomly assigned to one aerobic exercise group (n = 21) and one resistance exercise group (n = 20). The experimental group performed three days of aerobic exercise and resistance exercise per week (i.e., Monday, Wednesday, and Friday) each group. Body composition, physical fitness, and myokines were measured at baseline, 6 weeks, and 12 weeks.

Results

Two-way within-factor ANOVA revealed group × time interaction for body mass index (BMI, P < 0.05). In the resistance exercise group, muscle endurance (P < 0.001), power (P < 0.01), and agility (P < 0.001) were significantly increased at 12 weeks than those at 6 weeks and baseline. In the aerobic exercise group, muscle strength (P < 0.05), flexibility (P < 0.05), muscle endurance (P < 0.001), and agility (P < 0.001) were greater at 12 weeks than those at 6 weeks and baseline. Levels of IL-6 (P < 0.001), IL15 (P < 0.001), and BDNF (P < 0.001) were greater at 12 weeks than those at 6 weeks and baseline in both exercise groups.

Conclusions

Aerobic exercise training and resistance exercise training can change levels of myokines and improve body composition and physical fitness of obese females. These findings provide preliminary evidence that obese females need to exercise or perform physical activity to improve their levels of myokines and physical fitness.
Is achieving 7,000 steps/day associated with older adults’ lower-extremity performance? Cross-sectional and prospective findings from Taiwan
Authors: Hsueh Ming-Chun , Lin Chien-Yu , Lai Ting-Fu , Yu Yi Chien , Chang Shao-Hsi , Liao Yung
Published: August 2020

Background: Evidence regarding the association between daily steps recommendation and older adults’ lower limb strength is lacking; thus, this study investigated whether taking at least 7,000 steps/day is cross-sectionally and prospectively related to lower-extremity performance in older Taiwanese adults. 89 community-dwelling adults aged over 60 years (mean age: 69.5 years) who attended both baseline and follow-up surveys. Methods: This study used adjusted logistic regression analysis to explore cross-sectional and prospective relationships between their accelerometer-assessed daily steps and lower-extremity performance (five-times-sit-to-stand test). Results: This study found the older adults who took 7,000 steps/day were more likely to have better lower-extremity performance cross-sectionally (odds ratio [OR] = 3.82; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.04, 13.95; p = 0.04), as well as to maintain or increase their lower-extremity performance prospectively (OR=3.53; 95% CI: 1.05, 11.84; p = 0.04). Conclusions: Our findings support a minimum recommended level of step-based physical activity for older adults, namely, 7,000 steps/day, as beneficial for maintaining or increasing older adults’ lower-extremity performance.
Typical chest CT features can determine the severity of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies 
Authors: Hashemimadani Nahid , Emami Zahra , Janani Leila , Khamseh Mohammad E.
Published: August 2020

Background It remains unclear whether a specific chest CT characteristic is associated with the clinical severity of COVID-19. This meta-analysis was performed to assess the relationship between different chest CT features and severity of clinical presentation in COVID-19.Methods PubMed, Embase, Scopus, web of science databases (WOS), Cochrane library, and Google scholar were searched up to May 19, 2020 for observational studies that assessed the relationship of different chest CT manifestations and the severity of clinical presentation in COVID-19 infection. Risk of bias assessment was evaluated applying the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. A random-effects model or fixed-effects model, as appropriately, were used to pool results. Heterogeneity was assessed using Forest plot, Cochran's Q test, and I2. Publication bias was assessed applying Egger’s test.Results A total of 18 studies involving 3323 patients were included. Bronchial wall thickening (OR 11.64, 95% CI 1.81- 74.66) was more likely to be associated with severe cases of COVID-19 infection, followed by linear opacity (OR 3.27, 95% CI 1.10- 9.70), and GGO (OR 1.37, 95% CI 1.08- 1.73). However, there was no significant association between the presence of consolidation and severity of clinical presentation (OR 2.33, 95% CI 0.85- 6.36). Considering the lesion distribution bilateral lung involvement was more frequently associated with severe clinical presentation (OR 3.44, 95% CI 1.74- 6.79).Conclusions Our meta-analysis of observational studies suggests some specific chest CT features. The presence of these CT features can help the physicians to early and appropriately approach to the severe and fatal cases of COVID-19.
Sperm-Associated Antigen 9 Assumes Signifying Capacity in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Diagnosis
Authors: Dai Zhong , Yao Ke-Qing , Hu Xing-Sheng , Li Yi-Qun , Liu Yu-Tao , Li Shu-Luan , Ji Xue
Published: August 2020

Background: Sperm-associated antigen 9 (SPAG9) has been proposed as a novel biomarker for early diagnosis of human tumors. This study was aimed to assess the clinical value of serum SPAG9 for HCC diagnosis.Methods: Serum SPAG9 was measured by quantitative real-time ploymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Chi-square test was applied to evaluate the association between serum SPAG9 mRNA level and clinical characteristics. The diagnostic accuracy of the serum SPAG9 mRNA was assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.Results: Serum SPAG9 level was significantly higher in HCC patients than that in healthy controls at both mRNA and protein levels (P<0.01 for all). Furthermore, serum SPAG9 mRNA level was positively correlated with TNM stage (P=0.047), tumor size (P=0.044), and lymph node metastasis (P=0.014). The area under the curve (AUC) of the ROC curve was 0.794, with a sensitivity of 71.4%, a specificity of 80.4%, suggesting the high diagnostic accuracy of serum SPAG9 mRNA for HCC. The cutoff value was 1.030.Conclusions: Serum SPAG9 is significantly increased in HCC, and positively correlated with aggressive clinical characteristics. SPAG9 may serve as a diagnostic biomarker for HCC.
Client’s satisfaction towards emergency medical care at Ayder comprehensive specialized hospital, Mekelle, Ethiopia
Authors: Takele Goitom Molalign , Weldesenbet Negash Abreha , Gebregiorgis Birhan Gebresillassie
Published: August 2020

Background: As assessing client’s experience are important guide towards services improvement, providers will need to fully understand patient satisfaction level and their determinants. This study was aimed to assess the level of satisfaction towards the emergency medical care and associated factors at emergency department of Ayder specialized comprehensive hospital, Mekelle, Ethiopia.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from March 1–30, 2019. Systematic random sampling method was used to enroll study participants. Data was collected using a standard Brief Emergency Department Patient Satisfaction Scale questionnaire by trained data collectors. Data was entered into EpiData 3.1 then exported and analyzed by SPSS version 22. Binary and multiple logistic regression was used to assess the predictor’s patient satisfaction.Results: A total of 299 participants were enrolled in the study with a response rate of 99.3%. The overall client’s satisfaction was 81.9%. The lowest satisfaction rate was reported towards emergency room environment, and patient family satisfaction 37.5%, and 49.8% respectively. Educational status those who were able to read and write (AOR = 3.9, 95% CI: 1.4, 10, P = 0.008), those who arrived during the morning shift of the day (AOR = 3.6, 95% CI: 1.6, 8.7, p = 0.002), those who waited < 15 minutes to be seen by a doctor (AOR = 1.3, 95% CI: 1.003, 1.4), having felt discriminated (AOR = 1.5, 95% CI: 1.003, 1.4) were significantly associated determinants of client satisfaction.Conclusions: The overall client’s satisfaction in this study was found to be good. There is a low satisfaction towards emergency room environment and patient’s family courtesy. It is important to readjust emergency room services to improve client’s courtesy, avoid feeling of discrimination by clients and overall to improve the quality of care in the emergency department.
Epidemiology of Sarcoidosis in Puerto Rico: A Population-Based Study From 2016 to 2018
Authors: Scharbaai Ramon , Tremblay Raymond L
Published: August 2020

Background: Sarcoidosis is a systemic granulomatous and inflammatory disorder with significantvariability in ethnicity and geographical distribution. There is no descriptive data about theepidemiology of the disease among the geographically isolated Puerto Rican population.Objective: To estimate the incidence, prevalence, distribution, and healthcare burden ofsarcoidosis in a large nationwide population-based cohort in Puerto Rico.Methods: We conducted a descriptive and retrospective analysis using the health administrativeclaim database from the Puerto Rico Health Insurance Administration (ASES) from 2016 to 2018.The International Classification of Diseases-Tenth Revision coding (D86) was used for casedetection. Data on sex and age were used to estimate incidence and prevalence.Results: A total of 539 sarcoidosis cases were identified over the 3-year study. The median ageat diagnosis was 59 years old. The average annual incidence rate was 9.4/100,000. The baselineprevalence was 15.4 per 100,000. Females represented the 67.5% of the cases. The frequency ofsarcoidosis in women was higher than in males starting at the age range 18-34 years (GLMp<0.03). Patients with lung and unspecified sarcoidosis predominates with 37% and 32% of cases,respectively.Conclusions: Annual incidence rate of sarcoidosis in Island Puerto Ricans is among the highestin a single geographically isolated ethnic group reported globally. The overall mean age ofindividuals with sarcoidosis in Puerto Rico represent the oldest among previous epidemiologicalsurveys conducted worldwide.
Elastic properties and structures of pyrope glass under high pressures
Authors: Hisano Naoki , Sakamaki Tatsuya , Ohashi Tomonori , Funakoshi Ken-ichi , Higo Yuji , Shibazaki Yuki , Suzuki Akio
Published: August 2020

X-ray diffraction analysis and ultrasonic measurements of a glass with the pyrope composition were conducted to determine its structural and elastic properties at pressures from 1 atm to 12.9 GPa. Our results indicate that its structural evolution is closely related to changes in the compression wave velocity (VP), shear wave velocity (VS), and Poisson ratio. We observed three modes of pyrope glass compression. Moderate shrinkage in the intermediate-range ordered structure occurred at pressures below 6 GPa. Significant shrinkage in the intermediate-range ordering was observed at pressures between 6 and 9 GPa. We observed changes in the short-range ordered structure at pressures above 9 GPa, which were associated with an increase in the coordination number of tetrahedral cations. The absolute values of VP and VS in pyrope glass are similar to those in magnesium-bearing silicate glasses with enstatite and diopside compositions. However, the velocities are higher than those observed in sodium aluminum silicate glasses with jadeite and albite compositions. This indicates that the velocities are governed by the initial density of a glass, which is determined by its chemical composition. In terms of pressure, the velocity minimum in pyrope glass occurs at ~5 GPa, which is similar to the velocity minima in fully polymerized glasses, such as jadeite and albite. The degree of polymerization in pyrope glass is intermediate, and it has a relatively polymerized network. A drastic increase in velocity was observed when the pyrope glass was subjected to pressures above 7–8 GPa, and the velocity exceeded that observed in silicate glasses. Densification phenomenon, such as an increase in the Al coordination number, was efficiently promoted. This was because the cationic field strength of Mg2+ exceeds those of typical non-network forming cations. Magnesium cations may have an important role in controlling the behavior of silicate glass, and partially melted mantle becomes enriched with Mg under pressure. Studying Mg-bearing aluminosilicate glasses can thus help us to better understand the behavior of magma deep in the interior of the Earth.
Tungsten mineralization during the evolution of a magmatic-hydrothermal system: Mineralogical evidence from the Xihuashan rare-metal granite in South China
Authors: Li Jie , Huang Xiao-Long , Fu Qi , Li Wu-Xian
Published: August 2020

Tungsten deposits are usually associated with granitic intrusions that record a long and complex evolution of the magmatic-hydrothermal system. However, the genetic link between magmatic-hydrothermal evolution and tungsten mineralization remains unclear. The Xihuashan tungsten deposit in South China, an important vein-type wolframite deposit, is closely associated with greisen and multi-phase intrusive activity that produced biotite granite, two-mica granite, and muscovite granite. From the biotite granite to the two-mica granite to the muscovite granite, micas vary from siderophyllite to lithian siderophyllite, with decreasing K/Rb and Nb/Ta ratios and increasing Rb and Cs contents. The zoned micas in the muscovite granite and greisen display fluorine-depleted rims, reflecting subsolidus replacement by external aqueous fluids. The presence of siderite indicates a Fe-, Mn-, and CO2-rich fluid under reducing conditions. The micas in the greisen have higher-F contents and lower Fe3+/Fe2+ ratios than those in the muscovite granite, suggesting that the fluids contributing to greisen formation had a relatively high-fluorine content and were reduced. The increase of CO2 in the fluid enhanced its ability to unlock W from melts/rocks into fluids. The reducing environment also facilitated the tungsten mineralization. During greisenization, the pH value of the fluid increased, which destabilized the polymeric tungstates to form WO42–. The mixture of W-rich solution and Fe-, Mn-rich external fluid eventually precipitated as vein-type wolframite in favorable locations. An empirical equation (Li2O = 0.0748 × F2 + 0.0893 × F) was introduced for estimating the Li2O contents of hydrothermal micas using the F contents determined by EPMA.
Nebulizer therapy for lung diseases
Authors: Ignatova G. L. , Antonov V. N.
Published: August 2020

The article presents data on the use of nebulizer therapy for major respiratory diseases: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), bronchial asthma. The conditions for using aerosol-producing devices for new COVID-19 coronavirus infection, in the hospital and at home are also given. Historical aspects of the creation and use of devices for nebulizer therapy are considered. A differentiated approach is given when choosing an inhaler depending on the clinical situation, taking into account the need to use devices with a high level of precipitated fine particle fraction of the pharmaceutical aerosol, external minimal losses, with a reduced inhalation time and an economical treatment regime with optimal medication consumption. These advantages are inherent to nebulizers of the company PARI: PARI BOY SX and VELOX®. In patients with COPD, options for using nebulizer therapy in a stable state and in exacerbation are considered. It is emphasized that the inhaled route of administration of drugs provides direct penetration of the drug into the respiratory tract and, thus, contributes to a more effective drug effect. In addition, the inhalation route of administration reduces the potential risk of side effects. In patients with bronchial asthma, priority is given to the appointment of inhaled corticosteroids and β2-agonists in exacerbation. Data on the main types of devices, their advantages and disadvantages are provided. In conclusion, it is concluded that nebulizer therapy is a modern way to deliver the drug to the respiratory tract. In a number of clinical situations, the use of nebulizers is the only way to deliver the drug to a pathological focus. The use of nebulizers significantly expands the treatment options for patients with COPD and BA, reduces the need for hospitalization, and prevents the development of severe exacerbations.
Capabilities of mobile health to treat diabetes in the conditions of the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Bolotskaya L. L.
Published: August 2020

Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM 1.2) are at high risk for changing the epidemiological situation during seasonal diseases (influenza, SARS), which mainly occur in the autumn-winter period. Under the current conditions in connection with the pandemic – СOVID-19, these patients turned out to be the most vulnerable, since the “isolation period” limits the possibility of dynamic observation of the patient by a general practitioner, an ophthalmologist, a specialist in the diabetic foot cabinet, and timely prescribing for preferential sugar-lowering drugs and resolving issues of planned hospitalization in specialized medical institutions. Patients who, for a numerous reasons have already have a low level of compliance with their chronic disease, were un-able to consult with a doctor on the topic of correction of sugar-lowering therapy in a short period of time. Any restriction on doctor’s consultation seriously affects the psycho-emotional state of patients with various types of diabetes, which often leads to an increase in blood glucose levels above the target level (5.5–6.5 mmol/L) and, as a result, leads to the development of acute and the progression of chronic diabetes complications. Modern technology in the form of a mobile diabetes management guide can serve as a helpful tool for patients during the “self-isolation”. In addition to the established communication with the doctor, the instructions will give patient the opportunity to make their own decisions and be involved in the treatment process. New time dictates the needs introduction of a new medical format consultation “doctor-patient”. The article presents the experience of providing counseling for patients with diabetes in the “mobile health care” format using the Contour Diabetes mobile app for the Contour™ Plus One meter (Contour Plus One).