bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Transnational Repression and International Law
Authors: van den Herik Larissa , Anstis Siena Sofia Magdalena
Published: January 2025

Neue Technologien, insbesondere Drohneneinsätze, haben die Kriegsführung verändert. Staatliche, extraterritoriale Tötungen von Menschen sind häufiger und sichtbarer geworden. Die aufsehenerregenden (versuchten) Morde an Alexander Litwinenko, Sergej Skripal und Jamal Khashoggi haben die Grenzen des bestehenden Rechts bei der Bekämpfung extraterritorialer politischer Tötungen durch Staaten in einem „neuen Zeitalter des Attentats“ aufgezeigt. Der Band untersucht die extraterritoriale Tötung von Dissidenten und skizziert dabei einen internationalen Rechtsrahmen, der zur Eindämmung staatlicher Gewalt beitragen soll.
Der Schöpferische Prozess in Kunst, Kunsttherapie und Kunstpädagogik
Authors: Fritsche Jürgen
Published: January 2025

Schöpferische Prozesse: Was geschieht in ihnen? Wie gelingen sie? Was sind ihre Fallstricke?

Der Autor stellt aus künstlerischer Sicht Eigenheiten und Bedingungen schöpferischer Prozesse vor und veranschaulicht ihr impulsgebendes Potenzial für inneres Wachstum und Selbstentwicklung. Dabei wird gezeigt, dass die kreative Erfahrung für jeden Menschen zugänglich, einübbar und nutzbar zu machen ist. Zündende Ideen, Motivation und Fortschritte, aber auch Unsicherheit, Stillstand und Krisen bilden Teil der Gesamterfahrung im ästhetischen Tun und Erleben.

Auf der Grundlage von Interviews mit Bildenden Künstlern und Teilnehmern eines kunsttherapeutischen Atelierprojekts mit HIV-betroffenen Menschen beleuchtet dieses Buch die Komplexität künstlerischer Schaffensvorgänge und ihre spezifischen Rahmenbedingungen. Es bietet dem Leser einen fruchtbaren Einblick in die Arbeitspraxis und konkret anwendbare Hinweise für die Gestaltung und Nutzung eines motivierenden Ateliersettings.

Die gelieferten empirischen Untersuchungen, theoretischen Hintergründe und praktischen Handlungsperspektiven für Kunsttherapie und Kunstpädagogik machen dieses Buch zu einem wissenschaftlich fundierten Leitfaden künstlerisch begleitender Arbeit mit Menschen.

 

Reihe

Kunstwissenschaften - Band 27
Zwischen Gemeinschaftsmethode und Intergouvernementalismus: Die Entwicklungspolitik der Europäischen Union
Authors: Hoefeld Michael
Published: January 2025

Seit der Gründung der Europäischen Wirtschaftsgemeinschaft durch die Römischen Verträge im März 1957 gehört die Entwicklungszusammenarbeit zu den vertraglich festgelegten Aufgaben der heutigen Europäischen Union.

Die vorliegende Abhandlung zeichnet den Integrationsweg in diesem Politikfeld nach und erörtert dabei, wie sich die rechtlichen Grundlagen, die institutionellen Rahmenbedingungen und die Akteurslandschaft in den vergangenen 60 Jahren fortentwickelt haben.

Mit Blick auf das Zusammenwirken verschiedener Politikbereiche wie der Migrations- oder auch der Gemeinsamen Außen- und Sicherheitspolitik versucht der Beitrag, die Entwicklungspolitik in die aktuelle integrationspolitische Diskussion zwischen mehr Europa einerseits und weniger Europa andererseits einzuordnen.

 

Biographische Informationen

Michael Hoefeld, M.A., arbeitet seit dem Jahr 2005 für das Bundesministerium für wirtschaftliche Zusammenarbeit und Entwicklung. Zuvor war er beim Auswärtigen Amt beschäftigt. Mit der Entwicklungspolitik der EU war er über mehrere Jahre im Rahmen seiner Entsendungen zur EU-Kommission sowie an die Ständige Vertretung der Bundesrepublik Deutschland in Brüssel befasst.

 

Reihe

Reihe Politikwissenschaften - Band 89
Grenzen der Beschränkung von Patent- und Markenrechten zum Schutz der öffentlichen Gesundheit nach WTO-Recht
Authors: Gläsner Michael
Published: January 2025

Das Spannungsverhältnis zwischen dem Schutz von Patent- und Markenrechten und jenem der Gesundheit der Bevölkerung besteht seit jeher. In wenigen Fällen offenbart es sich so plastisch wie im Falle nationaler und globaler Gesundheitskrisen. Zwar ist die Notwendigkeit des Schutzes von Patent- und Markenrechten im Grundsatz unbestritten, jedoch verteuert Patentschutz auch dringend benötigte Medikamente, und der Einsatz einer Marke kann auch die Attraktivität gesundheitsschädlicher Produkte steigern. In diesem Zusammenhang sind in jüngerer Zeit insbesondere die staatliche Erteilung von Zwangslizenzen auf Patente von Pharmaunternehmen und die Einführung von Plain-packaging-Vorschriften für Tabakwaren auf die politische Agenda getreten. Derartige Beschränkungen von Patent- und Markenrechten durch einen Staat unterliegen neben den Grenzen des nationalen Rechts auch völkerrechtlichen Bindungen. Staaten, die der WTO angehören, haben insbesondere das immaterialgüterrechtsschützende WTO-Recht zu beachten. Die vorliegende Untersuchung ermittelt die Grenzen staatlicher Beschränkungen von Patent- und Markenrechten zum Schutz der öffentlichen Gesundheit, die sich aus dem WTO-Immaterialgüterrecht ergeben.

 

Reihe

Neue Juristische Beiträge - Band 120
PENULISAN CERITA KREATIF BAGI GURU TK ABA 3 JEMBER DENGAN TEMA KETAHANAN PANGAN JENJANG USIA 4-5 TAHUN
Authors: Merdeka Citraningrum Dina , Nuraini Kristi
Published: January 2025

Guru TK ABA 3 di Jember menghadapi kendala dalam mengembangkan keterampilan menulis cerita kreatif dengan tema ketahanan pangan untuk anakusia 4-5 tahun. Pemahaman guru terhadap konsep  ketahanan pangan belum optimal, serta metode pembelajaran yang kurang kreatif dapat menghambat kemampuan pemahaman anak terhadap tema tersebut. Solusi yang ditawarkan dalam pelatihan ini adalah tim akan melakukan pelatihan intensif bagi guru TK ABA 3 Jember dengan fokus pada pengembangan keterampilan menulis cerita kreatif yang terkait dengan konsep ketahanan pangan. Sosialisasi ini menggunakan metode interaktif dan materi yang disesuaikan dengan karakteristik anak usia 4-5 tahun, sehingga dapat menciptakan pembelajaran yang lebih menarik dan bermakna. Target luaran dalam kegiatan pelatihan ini yaitu: (a) meningkatkan keterampilan guru dalam menulis cerita kreatif yang mengintegrasikan konsep ketahanan pangan, (b) meningkatkan pemahaman anak usia 4-5 tahun tentang konsep ketahanan pangan melalui cerita kreatif yang disampaikan oleh guru, (c) menciptakan atmosfer pembelajaran yang lebih kreatif dan menarik, dengan melibatkan anak dalam aktivitas menulis cerita yang relevan dengan tema ketahanan pangan,dan (d) mendorong partisipasi orang tua dalam mendukung perkembangan kreativitas anak di rumah, membentuk lingkaran pendidikan yang holistik. Selama pretes guru menunjukkan nilai rata-rata tingkat pemahaman sebesar 40%. Setelah kegiatan pengabdian ini guru-guru telah menunjukkan pemahaman nilai rata-rata yang lebih baik tentang menulis cerita sebesar 80%. Dari hasil pelaksanaan kegiatan, beberapa poin penting yang dapat disimpulkan adalah: (a) peningkatan keterampilan menulis, (b) pemahaman tentang ketahanan pangan, (c) antusiasme dan partisipasi aktif, dan (d) produksi cerita bertema ketahanan pangan untuk peserta didik di TK ABA 3.
Analysis Of Biology Problems In Grade X Science Textbooks Based On Bloom's Taxonomy On Anderson's Revision And Communication Skills
Authors: Apriangi Mela Yayu , Hadiansah Hadiansah , Paujiah Epa
Published: January 2025

Study This analyze problem biology in class X science book based on Anderson's revised Bloom's Taxonomy and skills communication students. Challenges learning the 21st century demands development think critical and communication, but majority question in book text Still focuses on Lower Order Thinking Skills (LOTS). Research aiming evaluate conformity question with dimensions cognitive Bloom's Taxonomy and identifying support to skills communication. Research This use approach quantitative descriptive with analyze question in book text based on LOTS and Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) categories, as well as supporting elements? communication scientific.
Research result show that 66.32% of the questions in virus chapter and 72.29% of questions in chapter diversity creature life is at in LOTS category, with domination level cognitive remembering (C1) and understanding (C2). The proportion of HOTS, such as analysis (C4) and creation (C6), very low, indicating limitations in facilitate think critical. Support to skills communication is also minimal, limited to discussion simple without strengthening presentation or debate.
Study This highlight the need improvement amount question HOTS based and enrichment element communication in book text For support learning holistic. Findings This give implications important for development more teaching materials balanced and relevant with demands Independent Curriculum. Books text expected can push student For think critical, creative, and communicative, supporting scientific literacy in the era of modern learning.
Associations d’idées fausses et fausses associations d’idées
Authors: Simonin David ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: January 2025

Associationist thought has a very long history and has exerted a major influence, culminating between the philosophy of the classical age and the empirical psychology of the nineteenth century. Over the course of these three centuries, the association of ideas has undergone an extension that is both radical and paradoxical: what was initially intended to account for the aberrations of thought has gradually been given the status of a fundamental law of mental life, allegedly guaranteeing the scientificity of modern psychology. How did the principle of wanderings in thought, going beyond the framework of exceptions, come to designate universal regularities and the normal course of the life of the mind? The thesis defended in this article is that the history of associationism illustrates the growing awareness that thought is fundamentally based on precarious, biased, erroneous and even confabulatory mechanisms, and that the difference between reason and madness, knowledge and illusion, is perhaps only one of degree. The article also focuses on the performativity of such erroneous associationism, i.e., the real effects that associations of false ideas and false associations of ideas are likely to have on our thinking and behaviour.
Effects of Horizontal Mergers on Prices of Generic Drugs
Authors: Trujillo Antonio J. , Socal Mariana , Anderson Gerard
Published: January 2025

This paper quantifies the impact of horizontal mergers on the prices of drugs. We study all mergers between two publicly traded pharmaceutical companies working in the US between 2010 and 2015 and their effect on their drugs prices. Using a differences-in-differences approach, we estimate that drugs marketed by the merging firms experience an AWP increase of about between 8% and 15% during the five years following the merger. These price increases are present even in markets with more than five competitors.
Upaya Guru PKn dalam Melaksanakan Pembelajaran Berdiferensiasi Sesuai dengan Potensi Peserta Didik di SMP Pembangunan Laboratorium UNP
Authors: Izaturahmah Izaturahmah , Ananda Azwar , Montessori Maria , Fatmariza Fatmariza
Published: January 2025

This research is motivated by the efforts made by PKn teachers in implementing differentiated learning according to the potential of students at SMP Pembangunan Laboratorium UNP. The purpose of this study is to describe the efforts of PKn teachers in implementing differentiated learning as well as the supporting and inhibiting factors of PKn teachers' efforts in implementing differentiated learning according to the potential of students. The type of qualitative research with descriptive methods. The research informants used the Purposive Sampling technique. Data collection techniques were carried out by interviews, observation and documentation. The data validity test used the source triangulation technique. The results of the study showed that the efforts of PKn teachers in implementing differentiated learning according to the potential of students were analyzing the results of cognitive and non-cognitive potential mapping, compiling teaching modules according to the characteristics of differentiated learning, implementing differentiated learning based on the characteristics of students, analyzing the weaknesses/deficiencies of differentiated learning that had been implemented. The supporting and inhibiting factors of PKn teachers' efforts in implementing differentiated learning according to the potential of students were: 1) Supporting factors. One of the PKn teachers is a driving teacher, there are supervision activities, there are CADAS activities, mapping of student needs is carried out. 2) Inhibiting factors. Limited time for teachers in compiling teaching modules according to student characteristics, teachers do not use varied learning methods and media.
Perilaku Mahasiswa dalam Menggunakan ChatGPT dalam Menunjang Proses Pembelajaran di Program Studi Perpustakaan dan Ilmu Informasi
Authors: Putri Rosi , Marlini Marlini
Published: January 2025

This research aims to explore student behavior in using ChatGPT as a tool in the learning process at the Library and Information Science Study Program at Padang State University. The background to this research focuses on the gap in understanding and use of AI technology in education, especially among students. The method used is a quantitative approach by collecting data through questionnaires distributed to 54 students class of 2022. The research results show that students have a good understanding of using ChatGPT, but there are challenges in reading quotes, extracting information. The conclusion of this research states that even though students utilize ChatGPT, improvements are still needed in several aspects to optimize the use of this technology in learning.
Peningkatan Minat dan Hasil Belajar Siswa Sekolah Dasar melalui Model Pembelajaran Teams Games Tournament Berbantuan Wordwall
Authors: Rahayu Kiswari Puji , Amananda Novalia , Amalia Heny
Published: January 2025

This study aims to determine the increase in interest and learning outcomes in mathematics basic multiplication material using the Team Games Tournament (TGT) model assisted by wordwall in grade V students of SDN Kepatihan. This type of research is Classroom Action Research (PTK) using the Kimmis and Mc Taggart model. The research subjects consisted of 24 fifth grade students of SDN Kepatihan. Data was obtained using questionnaire and test methods. The results showed that students' interest in learning in the pre-cycle amounted to 62, 93% (quite high), cycle I amounted to 70, 63% (high), cycle II amounted to 82, 92% (very high). Meanwhile, students' learning outcomes are seen from the classical learning completeness or the number of students achieving KKTP. Learning outcomes in the pre-cycle amounted to 68, 71% (14 students reached KKTP), cycle I increased to 78, 81% (17 students reached KKTP), and cycle II increased to 86, 41% (19 students reached KKTP). In the process, it shows that the quality of the learning process has improved, students are more active, communicative, confident and the learning atmosphere is more fun. It can be concluded that the Team Games Tournament (TGT) model with the help of wordwall can increase the interest and learning outcomes of fifth grade mathematics at SDN Kepatihan.
Strategic Management of Madrasas in Improving Accreditation of Guppi Nurul Jadid Mts in Sumber Sari Village, Tungkal Jaya Sub-District, Musi Banyuasin District
Authors: Saputri Rafhita Ika , Warlizasusi Jumira , Bahri Syaiful
Published: January 2025

This study is based on the accreditation of madrasahs which are still C in the last two accreditation assessments. Strategic management is an approach that can provide an effective framework for achieving educational goals and improving madrasah accreditation. The researcher raised the planning, implementation, evaluation, and strategic management can improve accreditation at MTs Guppi Nurul Jadid. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach through case studies. Data sources consist of primary and secondary. Data collection techniques with observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis techniques used are data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions and data validity. The results of the study indicate that the strategic planning process for improving accreditation at MTs Guppi Nurul Jadid includes developing a vision and mission, identifying external opportunities and threats of an organization, and designing strategies to achieve goals to improve accreditation. The implementation of strategic management in improving the accreditation of MTs Guppi Nurul Jadid includes activities to determine madrasah policies, provide motivation by the head of the madrasah, allocate existing resources, and develop a culture that will support the implementation of the strategy. The strategic management evaluation process in improving accreditation includes monitoring activities for educators, education staff, and students and supervising institutional programs. Strategic management can improve madrasah accreditation at MTs Guppi Nurul Jadid through cooperation with all stakeholders and the community, periodic monitoring and evaluation, and human resource development.
 
Keywords: Management, Strategic, Accreditation Improvement, Madrasah
Mapping Learning Achievements and Teaching Materials for Islamic Religious Education and Character Elements of the History of Islamic Civilization in the Independent Curriculum
Authors: Salsabila Silvia , Fakhruddin Agus , Abdillah Hilman Taufik
Published: January 2025

The curriculum is constantly being improved until in 2022 the government introduces the Independent Curriculum. However, in its implementation, this curriculum still faces various challenges, including difficulties for teachers in understanding learning achievements and applying them in teaching materials. This study aims to analyze and ensure that the learning achievements and teaching materials of Religious Education and Character, especially the elements of the History of Islamic Civilization, are by the level of students' thinking ability. The research method used is the study of learning achievement documents and Religious Education and Character textbooks from grades I to XII version of the Independent Curriculum. The results of the study provide findings in the form of mapping learning achievements and teaching materials of Religious Education and Character of the History of Islamic Civilization based on the cognitive, affective, and psychomotor domains.
 
Keywords: Religious Education and Character, Mapping, History of Islamic Civilization
Religion and Conservation; Da'wah Approach in Environmental Conservation in Rawa Pening Semarang
Authors:   Faculty of Da'wah UIN Salatiga, Salatiga Ring Road Km. 2, Pulutan, Sidorejo, Salatiga City, Central Java, Indonesia, Subqi Imam
Published: January 2025

This study aims to discover how environmental conservation and da’wah approaches in Rawapening using a qualitative study approach and descriptive analysis. The study results show two things in ecological preservation for the Rawa Pening community: rescue revitalization actions and the Rawa Pening rescue movement and community empowerment in management and conservation. Meanwhile, the da’wah approach to environmental preservation in Rawa Pening uses three methods. Bil Lisan da’wah, in the waste congress forum, recommends the existence of a waste task force and the importance of cleaning up the environment, such as water hyacinth weeds, through the construction of embankments dividing the lake body. Meanwhile, Bil Qalam’s da’wah is through Village Regulation regulations in the Rawa Pening environment regarding environmental preservation, such as Rowosari Village Regulation No. 3 of 2013, Doplang Village Regulation No. 8 of 2017 concerning ecological conservation, and Village Regulation No. 1 of 2017 of Samban Bawen Village regarding environmental preservation and Rowosari Village No. 3 of 2013. Next is the preaching of Bil Hal with conservation funds as a conservation development tourist area, with funds from tourists for environmental preservation and conservation management of Rawa Pening through managing natural resources and handling water hyacinth as creative material.
PERAN ORANG TUA TERHADAP PERKEMBANGAN KEMAMPUAN BERBAHASA ANAK PADA MADRASAH IBTIDAIYAH LABUHANBATU
Authors: Suryatik
Published: January 2025

Abstract—AbstakPenelitian ini membahas tentang upaya meningkatkankemampuan berbahasa anak agar dapat mengembangkannyadengan maksimal. Untuk mengembangkan kemampuanberbahasa anak banyak factor yang berperan diantaranyaadalah orang tua, oleh karena itu orang tua harus dapatmembagi waktu untuk kelancaran pendidikan anak.Permasalahan yang dihadapi banyak orangtua tidakmempunyai waktu untuk memberi perhatian terhadap anaknyakhususnya ditingkat dasar akibatnya tujuan pendidikan secaratidak tercapai. Hal ini harus mendapat perhatian untukmencari solusi permasahana tersebut. Orang tua adalah sosokpemimpin dalam keluarga yang lahir melalui hubunganbiologis maupun sosial yang bertanggungjawab terhadapanggota keluarga untuk kemaslahatan fisik maupun mentalnya.Peran orang tua terhadap anak adalah menjaga danmengembangkan fisik maupun mentalnya sehingga dapatmeningkatkan keterampilan anak baik akademik maupun nonakademik.Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survey dalam bentukdeskriptif, wawancara dan studi kepustakaan (library research).Subyek penelitian adalah orang tua siswa Madrasah IbtidaiyahRantauprapat kelas I s/d III yang berjumlah 30 orang. Teknikpengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah purposifsampling. Dimana sampel ditetapkan sebanyak 30 orang. Jenispenelitian ini adalah penelitian yang
PENGARUH LINIERITAS KEILMUAN TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN MANAJERIAL GURU MADRASAH IBTIDAIYAH DI RANTAUPRAPAT
Authors: Bukhari Is
Published: January 2025

Abstract—AbstakUntuk meningkatkan kualitas pendidikan, pemerintahberusaha memperbaikinya melalui berbagai factor dinataranyafactor sarana dan prasarana, factor guru dan factor finansiallainnya. Maka dalam penelitian ini penulis membahas masalahpengaruh linieritas terhadap kemampuan manajerial gurumadrasah Ibtidaiyah.Perbaikan secara terus menerus yang berkaitan dengankualifikasi pendidikan guru di madrasah, khususnya diMadrasah Ibtidaiyah Rantauprapat mulai dari tingkatkualifikasi pendidikan setara dengan SLTA yaitu PendidikanGuru Agama/sederjat, penyetaraan diploma II dan saatsekarang ini tuntutan untuk kualifikasi pendidikan gurudengan pendidikan strata 1 (S-1).Upaya pemerintah melakukan peningkatan keprofesionalanguru melalui Peraturan Menteri Pendidikan dan kebudayaannomor 46 tahun 2016 dan Peraturan Menteri Pendidikan dankebudayaan RI Nomor 16 Tahun 2019 tentang Perubahan AtasPeraturan Menteri Pendidikan dan kebudayaan Nomor 46Tahun 2016 Tentang Penataan Linieritas Guru BersertifikatPendidik.Melihat kondisi yang terus menerus perbaikan tentangkualifikasi pendidikan ini penulis membahas pengaruhlinieritas terhadap kemampuan manajerial guru madsarah.Dalam penelitian ini penulis menggunakan metode penelitiankualitatif dengan menggunakan teknik pengumpulan datamelalui wawancara.Hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa linieritas seorang gurumeliputi linieritas kualifakasi akademik, linieritas sertifikatkewenangan mengajar dalam bidang tertentu, serta linieritastugas yang diembannya mempunyai pengaruh yang kuatterhadap kemampuan manajerial seorang guru.
STRATEGI PEMBELAJARAN LANGSUNG DENGAN METODE DRILL UNTUK MENINGKATKAN AKTIVITAS BELAJAR DAN KETERAMPILAN IBADAH POKOK BAHASAN PENGURUSAN JANAZAH DI MTs. Al- MA’SHUM RANTAUPRAPAT LABUHANBATU
Authors: Muhammad Abri Harahap
Published: January 2025

Abstract—AbstakPenelitian Tindakan Kelas ini dilaksanakan gunamemperbaiki pembelajaran dalam pengurusan Jenazahkelas IXB- Pi di MTs Al-Ma’shum RantauprapatLabuhanbatu telah dilakukan dengan tujuan: (1)mengetahui hasil belajar siswa pada pokok bahasanpengurusan Jenazah sebelum menggunakan metodeDrill. (2) mengetahui pelaksanaan pembelajaran padapokok bahasan pengurusan Jenazah setelahmenggunakan metode Drill. (3) mengetahui hasil belajarsiswa pada pokok bahasan pengurusan Jenazah setelahmenggunakan metode Drill. (4) mengetahui peningkatanketerampilan pelaksanaan aktivitas siswa pada pokokbahasan pengurusan Jenazah dengan mengunakanmetode Drill. (5) mengetahui respon belajar siswa selamaproses pembelajaran dengan mengunakan metode Drillpada pokok bahasan Jenazah.Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada tanggal 09Februari hingga 15 Mei 2015. Lokasi penelitian adalahMTs Al-Ma’shum Rantauprapat Labuhanbatu ProvinsiSumatera Utara. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalahpeserta didik kelas IXB- Pi yang berjumlah 29 orang.Tindakan dilakukan dalam 3 (tiga) siklus. Setiap siklusterdiri dari tahapan perencanaan, pelaksanaan tindakan,observasi dan refleksi. Pembelajaran didesain denganstrategi pembelajaran langsung dengan metode Drill.Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi langsungterhadap aktivitas peserta didik dalam pembelajarankelompok dengan bimbingan guru. teknik tertulis danpraktik dilakukan untuk mendapatkan datapeningkatan hasil belajar peserta didik pada ranahkognitif dan psikomotorik. Angket dan wawancaradigunakan untuk mengumpulkan data respon pesertadidik terhadap strategi pembelajaran langsung yangditerapkan.Pada akhir penelitian diperoleh hasil (1) aktivitaspeserta didik dalam kegiatan proses pembelajarandengan mengunakan metode Drill menunjukkan bahwapeserta didik telah mampu melaksanakan pembelajarandengan baik. Indikatornya adalah kecenderunganpeningkatan persantase aktivitas positif dari siklus Isampei siklus III. (2) ketuntasan hasil belajar pesertadidik semakin meningkat, yakni: pada siklus I praktik45,83% dan tertulis 54,2%, pada siklus II pratik 66,7%dan tertulis 66,7% dan pada siklus III praktik 83,3% dantertulis 91,7%. (3) peserta didik memberikan responpositif (sangat setuju dan setuju) dalam mengikutipembelajaran dengan metode Drill.
PERANAN IBU SEBAGAI SEKOLAH PERTAMA BAGI ANAK
Authors: M Syukri Azwar Lubis
Published: January 2025

Ibu merupakan sosok yang paling berperan dalam sebuahtatanan rumah tangga, ibu merupakan sosok yang palingutama dalam membentuk psikologi, kepribadian dan akhlakanak. Dari tangan ibu lah anak mulai belajar, tumbuh danberkembang. Semua aspek perkembangan anak melaluiperkembangan anak yang meliputi nilai agama dan moral,aspek perkembangan motorik dan lainnya, selain hal tersebutperanan ibu sangat berperan aktif sebagai figur central yangdicontoh bagi seorang anak untuk dicontoh dan diteladanidengan perilaku dan moralitas melalui arahan danbimbingannya. Ibu juga berperan aktif untuk menstimulasi danmengarahkan anak. Pengalaman kebersamaan anak denganorang tua, merupakan dasar untuk kegiatan bermain anakdikemudian hari. Ibu lah yang memiliki peran penentu bagiperkembangan pendidikan anak.
MANAJEMEN KELAS DALAM HUBUNGANNYA DENGAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR SISWA DI MADRASAH IBTIDAIYAH
Authors: Syanty Ericka
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini dilakukan oleh Shanti Ericha, DosenPada Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Tarbiyah Al-Bukhary (STITA)Labuhanbatu Sumatera Utara.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membangkitkan semangatbelajar siswa madrasah ibtidaiyah melalui manajemen kelas.Masih ada guru yang mengabaikan manajemen kelas, makamelalui penelitian ini diharapkan para guru dan pengelolapendidikan menyadari pentingnya manajemen kelas.Variabel dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari 2 variabel yaituManajemen kelas sebagai variabel X dan Motivasi belajar siswasebagai variabel Y. Pengujian hipotesis menggunakan korelasidengan tingkat signifikan 5%. Teknik analisa data padapenelitian ini adalah statistik deskriptif. Dan sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 44 orang.Berdasarkan hasil analisis di peroleh bahwa manajemenkelas mempunyai hubungan yang erat dengan motivasi belajarsiswa, semakin tinggi perhatian guru terhadap manajemenkelas maka semakin tinggi motivasi belajar siswa.
DAMPAK PENGGUNAAN MEDIA SOSIAL TERHADAP AKHLAK SISWA MADRASAH IBTIDAYAH
Authors: Leli Hasanah Lubis
Published: January 2025

Penulis menelaah mengenai dampak media soial terhadap akhlak siswamadrasah ibtidayah, hal ini sangat menarik karena banyaknya anak yangmenyalahgunakan media sosial. Karya ini menganalisa tentang penggunaan sosialmedia yang berdampak pada pendidikan akhlak siswa. Berdasarkan analisis yangsudah dilakukan maka dapat diketahui dampak positif dan negatif penggunaansosial media terhadap pendidikan akhlak siswa. Adapun dampak positifperkembangan sosial media terhadap pendidikan akhlak anak diantaranyaanak dapat beradaptasi, bersosialisasi dengan publik dan mengelola jaringanpertemanan, serta membuat anak mudah menyelesaikan tugas-tugasnya, sedangkandampak negatif perkembangan sosial media terhadap pendidikan akhlak anaksangat banyak diantaranya dapat membuat kelalaian pada anak sehingga anakanak kurang displin dan bersifat malas, membuat anak-anak dengan mudah untukmenyontek karya-karya orang lain, tidak sopan baik dalam berpakaian maupunberbicara, sering bertengkar akibat adeganadegan yang berbahaya sepertiadegan pornografi, kekerasan, peperangan dan lain
NILAI-NILAI DALAM KEHIDUPAN MASYARAKAT INDONESIA
Authors: Maisaroh Ritonga
Published: January 2025

Nilai merupakan tema-tema abstrak yang memiliki sifat-sifat konstruktif bagikehidupan manusia, disamping itu nilai juga merupakan proses pertimbangan nilaiyang melibatkan ikhtiar manusia. Karya tulis ini memperjelas posisi nilai sebagaitema-tema abstrak melalui kategorisasi nilai, yaitu pembagian nilai yang didasarkanpada bidang kehidupan manusai nilai-nilai dalam kehidupan masyarakat Indonesiayang meliputi : Nilai Agama, Budaya , Sosial, Politik, Ekonomi dan Ilmu Pengetahuan.Setiap agama memiliki nilai dalam ajarannya, baik agama Islam, Kristen,Budha, dan Hindu. Indonesia merupakan negara yang memiliki beraneka ragamsuku, bahasa dan terdiri dari beberapa provinsi, dari setiap suku memilikikebudayaan masing-masing. Pada dasarnya setiap kebudayaan mengandungnilai-nilai yang dijadikan pedoman dalam kehidupan bermasyarakat. Nilai sosialberhubungan dengan nilai-nilai yang terdapat pada norma yang dijadikan patokanatau rujukan agar hubungan/interaksi tersebut berjalan dengan baik. Nilai tertinggidalam nilai politik adalah kekuasaan. Oleh karena itu, kadar nilainya akan bergerakdari intensitas pengaruh yang rendah sampai pada pengaruh yang tinggi (otoriter).Nilai ekonomi ini terkait dengan pertimbangan nilai yang berkadar untung-rugi,sedangkan nilai ilmu pengetahuan menyangkut teori-teori ilmu pengetahuan,setidaknya dalam teori itu terkandung nilai logis yang sekaligus mencerminkantradisi kebenaran ilmu pengetahuan.
KERAJAAN TURKI USMANI
Authors: Betti Megawati
Published: January 2025

Dalam catatan sejarah kerajaan Turki Usmani adalah kerajaan pertama yangpaling lama bertahan, dibanding dua kerajaan besar lainnya, berdiri pada tahun1282-1929 M. Kerajaan ini berasal dari keturunan Usman Ibn Sauji Ibn ArthogolIbn Sulaiman Syah Ibn Kia Alp. Berdirinya kerajaan ini atas prakarsa BangsaTurki dari kabilah Oghuz, suku Nomanik di Asia kecil yang mendiami daerahmongol dan daerah utara negeri Cina.Banyak kemajuan-kemajuan yang dilakukankerajaan Turki Usmani, baik dalam bidang kebudayaan, politik, kemiliteran, danpemerintahan.Tukri Usmani memiliki kebudayaan yang bervariasi yaitu kebudayaanPersia, Bizantium, dan Arab dan budaya bangsa Eropa. Ajaran-ajaran yang merekaambil dari budaya Persia adalah etika dan tata krama dalam istana raja-raja. DariBizantium yang mereka ambil adalah organisasi pemerintahan dan kemiliteran.Sedangkan ajaran-ajaran yang mereka ambil dari Arab adalah prinsip ekonomi,sosial, dan kemasyarakatan, keilmuan. Awal dari kemunduran dan kehancurankerajaan Turki Usmani adalah sejak wafatnya Sultan Sulaiman I dan digantikanputeranya Sultan Salim II (1566-1574 M).
THE EFFECT OF STUDENTS’ ACHIEVEMENT IN STUDYING VOCABULARY THROUGH SCRAMBLE METHOD AT SMP N 1 KUALUH HULU
Authors: Ismi Yulizar
Published: January 2025

The Aim of this research is to know whether any significant effect of studyingvocabulary through scramble method. Thisresearch is an experimentalresearch. Thepopulation of this research was the eighth grade students of SMP N 1 Kualuh huluin academic year 2018/2019. The total number of the population was 276 students.In this case 78 students were taken as the samples. These samples were dividedinto two groups. The first group was an experimental group which was taught byusing Scramble Method and the second group was control group which was taughtwithout using Scramble method or using conventional technique. This research usedthe quantitative data. The quantitative data were analyzed by using test of wordscramble was consisted of 5 items, filling letters in box was consisted of 5 itemsand guessing the picture was consisted 10 items. The calculation of the reliabilityof the test shows that the reliability is sufficient (0,5). The data were analyzed byusing t-test. The result of calculating the t-test shows that tobserved is higher than ttable8,18 > 1,66 (p = 0,05) with df 76. tobserved> tvalue> ttable. 8,18 > 2,36 > 1,66. It couldbe concluded that Ha is accepted. It means that there is significant effect of scramblemethod on Students’ Achievement in Studying Vocabulary.
Digitalisation of Law Symposium 2024
Authors: AllahRakha Naeem
Published: January 2025

The Republic of Uzbekistan conference, "Digitalisation of Law Symposium" in 2024, documented in conference proceedings. Naeem AllahRakha edited the publication, which was published by the Uzbek Journal of Law and Digital Policy. Prof. Dr. Said Gulyamov (DSc) served as the editor-in-chief of this scholarly volume, which appears to focus on the intersection of digital technologies and legal frameworks in Uzbekistan.
The Journey of Grief: Exploring Gender Differences and Social Support, Following the Death of Significant Others
Authors: Syeda Asma Gillani  , Fatima Zafar  , Rabia Javaid
Published: January 2025

Gender differences in grief experience and perceived social support among participants who have experienced death of significant others are examined. 100 participants (50 males and 50 females) are taken from the locality of Islamabad and Rawalpindi for the survey. The survey protocol consists of demographic sheet, The Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) (Zimet, Dahlem, Zimet & Farley, 1988) and the Revised Grief Experience Inventory (RGEI) (Lev, Munro, & McCorkle, 1993) is given to them. After the collection of data the results are analyzed using SPSS. Findings within the current research helps in outlining important themes that revolve around differences seen in the grief experiences and type of social support they seek. Gender vary enormously in the grief intensity they experience and social support they perceive, results show that gender moderate the relationship between grief experience and perceived social support. Males experience lower intensity in grief experience and low perceived social support and females experience high level of intensity in grief and high perceived social support. Thus our hypothesis is proved in this study. Implications of the results to better assist individuals with their grief experiences are discussed.
How the Corruption and Predictors of Audit Structure Impact the Firm Performance in Developing Economy?
Authors: Imran Ur Rehman  , Dr. Salman Masood Sheikh
Published: January 2025

Corruption remains the core issue in developing economies. In the last decade of the 20th century three elected governments were dismissed in Pakistan on account of malpractices and corruption. Present study evaluated the effect of corruption on performance of listed firms first time in the context of Pakistan. The results showed that corruption positively affects the performance of the firm measured by Tobin’s Q. The results revealed that payment of extra money to corrupt government officials to enter social networks and to enjoy the tax benefits, speedy transaction processes and relaxed regulator supervision have positive effect on firms’ performance. The results support the corruption theory of ‘Grease in Wheels’.  This study also examined the impact of Audit Independence and External Audit Quality on performance of listed firms.  The results showed that audit committee independence has a statistically significant and positive impact on firm market value whereas the impact of external audit quality is insignificant on market performance of the firm. The results necessitate anti-corruption measures for the development of the performance of the listed firms. Results also suggest the presence of good corporate governance practices improve the firm’s performance. The present study used data of 86 companies of commodity sectors listed on Pakistan Stock Exchange for 13 years from 2008 to 2020.  Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) is used for analysis.
ALAŞ AYDINLARINDAN TURAR RISKILOV (1894-1938): HAYATI, FAALİYETLERİ VE FİKİRLERİ
Authors: Yılmaz Erdem
Published: January 2025

Turar Rıskılov, modern anlamda anlaşılmakta olan milliyetçi bir düşünür olmamakla birlikte, Kazakistan’daki ulusal hareketin oluşumunda önemli bir rol oynamıştır. Rıskılov, 20. yüzyılın başlarında Çarlık Rusya'sının baskıcı yönetimi altında Kazak halkının haklarını savunmak ve sosyo-ekonomik kalkınmasını desteklemek için çalışmıştır. Devlet adamı, tarihçi ve ekonomist kimlikleriyle Rıskılov, ulusal bilincin güçlenmesine katkıda bulunan öncü bir figür olmuştur. Rıskılov’un etkisi, ekonomik projelerden eğitim reformlarına kadar geniş bir alanı kapsamaktadır. Türkistan-Sibirya demiryolu (TÜRKSİB) inşasındaki liderliği, Kazakistan’ın ekonomik kalkınmasını ve Sovyetler Birliği ile entegrasyonunu hızlandırmıştır. Bu proje, yerel iş gücünün istihdamını artırmış ve bölgesel ticaretin gelişmesine katkı sağlamıştır. Rıskılov’un diğer önemli çalışmaları arasında, Orta Asya’nın tarımsal ve ekonomik yapısını destekleyen politikalar yer alır; çiftçilere yardım amacıyla yapılan reformlar ve tarımsal kalkınma planları bu kapsamda değerlendirilir. Rıskılov, halk dilinde yazılar kaleme alarak ve halkı eğitici çalışmalar yaparak, yerel kültürel kimliğin korunmasına önem vermiştir. Bu yaklaşımı, Kazak halkının modernleşme sürecinde dilin ve eğitimin rolünü güçlendirmiştir. Bununla birlikte, Rıskılov’un hayatına ve fikirlerine dair yapılan çalışmalar Türkiye Türkçesi kaynaklara dayalı olarak yapılması doğru bilgiyi sınırlı kılmıştır. Bu nitel çalışmanın temel amacı, Rıskılov’un eğitim ve ekonomik alanlardaki girişimlerinin, Kazak toplumunun ulusal bilincini şekillendirmeye nasıl katkı sağladığını araştırmaktır. Bu çalışmada, Turar Rıskulov'un yaşamı ve faaliyetlerinin sosyo-ekonomik etkilerini analiz etmek amacıyla tarihsel analiz yöntemi kullanılacak, birincil ve ikincil kaynakların detaylı incelemesi ve nitel veri analizi gerçekleştirilecektir. Analiz, Turar Rıskulov’un, zor şartlarda büyüyüp liderlik özelliklerini erken yaşta geliştirdiğini ve 1916 ulusal isyanı ile halkının hakları için mücadele eden bir lider olarak ön plana çıktığını göstermektedir. Sovyet yönetiminde gerçekleştirdiği ekonomik projeler, Orta Asya'da kalkınma ve entegrasyonu teşvik etmiş, özellikle TÜRKSİB Demiryolu inşası bölgesel ekonomiyi canlandırmıştır. Bununla birlikte, Rıskulov'un sömürgeci politikalara karşı çıkıp yerel kaynakların kullanımı ve ekonomik bağımsızlık üzerine yaptığı vurgular, onun vizyoner bir lider olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Bu bulguların çıkarımları, Turar Rıskulov’un liderliğinin Orta Asya’daki ekonomik ve sosyal yapının şekillenmesinde kritik rol oynadığını ve bu etkinin günümüzde de tartışmalara ışık tuttuğunu göstermektedir. Onun politikalarının, modern kalkınma süreçlerinde yerel kaynakların etkin kullanımı ve bağımsız ekonomik büyüme modellerine duyulan ihtiyacı vurgulayan önemli bir örnek teşkil ettiği anlaşılmaktadır. Rıskulov'un merkezi otoriteye karşı geliştirdiği eleştirel bakış açısı, yerel yönetimlerin güçlendirilmesi ve bölgesel kalkınma politikalarının önemi konusunda bugünkü stratejik düşünceleri etkilemektedir.
ҚОЖА АХМЕД ЯСАУИ ЖӘНЕ СОПЫЛЫҚ ДҮНИЕТАНЫМ
Authors: Kopbayeva Zhuldyz , Abdrasilova Gülmira
Published: January 2025

Мақалада Орта Азияның көрнекті философы, сопылық ақын және ислам уағызшысы Ахмед Ясауидің өмірі және рухани мұралары «Диуани хикмет», «Пақырнама», «Көңілдің айнасы», «Тариқат әдебі туралы баян» шығармалары мен аңыздары кемелдікке жеткізер қағидалары, діни-сопылық принциптермен қатар оқыту, білім беру, адалдық, ізгілік, жақсылық, жамандық, төзімділік, достық пен сүйіспеншілікті құрметтеу, әділеттілікті насихаттағаны туралы сөз болады.
Ахмет Ясауидің ілімі мен мұралары қаншама заман өтсе де, мәнін жоймай келе жатқан қазына. Әсіресе Ясауи бабаның «Диуани хикметі» Алтайдан Анадолыға дейінгі кең-байтақ өлкеде тіршілік ететін түркілер арасына кең тарап, олардың өмір салтының, салт-дәстүрінің, әдет-ғұрпының, құндылықтарының ажырамас бір бөлшегін құрады. Хикметтер мың жылға жуық уақыт бойы көшпелі және отырықшы халықтардың дінін, тілі мен ділін моральдық, этикалық, психологиялық негізде қарастырылуда.
Түркістан өңірінен түлеп шыққан сан түрлі ұлыстың бастан кешірген қилы тағдыры Әзірет Сұлтанның өшпес өнегелерімен бірге өрілген. Ұлан-ғайыр тарих жазығына көз салған әр адамның назарына, ең алдымен, елдің өткені мен бүгініне, келешегіне өң берген тау тұлғалар мен олардың өрнекті-ғибратты істері ілінері анық. Тіл, мәдениет, әдебиет, өнер, руханият, тәлім-тәрбие, мемлекет ісі сияқты салаларда Түркі пірінің қолтаңбасы жатыр. Ол ежелгі әдеби, мәдени дәстүрді Құран рухында қайта жаңғыртып, діни-рухани насихаттар шоғырына айналдырды.
«Сопылық - адамның рухани, бейбітшілік, жанның тазаруы арқылы Құдайға жақындау мәселелерімен айналысатын ілім. Қожа Ахмет Ясауи сопылықтың төрт кезеңін: сопылық Шейхтегі мурид рөліне мойынсыну; шариғат - Құдайдың өсиеттері мен ислам заңдарының жиынтығы; Құдайды ақылмен емес, жүрекпен білу; және ақиқат – шындықты толық түсіну» ұсынып, уағыздайды.
Ethical Considerations and Best Practices in Detecting and Managing Steroid Abuse: Balancing Patient Privacy and Intervention Strategies
Authors:   School of Nursing Sciences Kampala International University Uganda, Christine Apio
Published: January 2025

Steroid abuse has emerged as a significant public health concern with both physical and psychological consequences that challenge healthcare providers in ethical decision-making. The detection and management of steroid misuse involve complex considerations, particularly when balancing patient privacy with the need for effective intervention. This review explores the ethical dilemmas healthcare professionals face in identifying and addressing steroid abuse, including the tension between maintaining confidentiality and ensuring patient well-being. By examining key ethical principles autonomy, non-maleficence, beneficence, and justice the review outlines best practices for healthcare providers in detecting and managing steroid abuse, ensuring patient trust while fostering positive health outcomes. Strategies such as early detection, patient-centered care, and multidisciplinary approaches are discussed alongside the challenges of stigma, resource limitations, and conflicts of interest. The review offers actionable recommendations for healthcare providers, policymakers, and researchers to enhance ethical decision-making and improve public health responses to steroid abuse.

Keywords: Steroid abuse, ethical considerations, patient privacy, healthcare intervention.
Pathophysiology of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms
Authors:   Faculty of Science and Technology Kampala International University Uganda, Emmanuel K. Mugisha
Published: January 2025

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a prevalent condition among aging males, characterized by non-malignant enlargement of the prostate gland, which can lead to lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and a significant reduction in quality of life. This review explores the cellular and molecular mechanisms underpinning the pathophysiology of BPH, highlighting the interplay of hormonal, inflammatory, and growth factor signaling pathways. Testosterone and dihydrotestosterone (DHT) serve as pivotal regulators of prostate growth, driving hyperplasia through androgen receptor-mediated transcriptional activity. Additionally, chronic inflammation, mediated by immune cell infiltration and cytokine release, contributes to tissue remodeling and stromal proliferation. Dysregulated growth factors such as fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) further amplify cellular proliferation and extracellular matrix deposition. Emerging evidence underscores the role of oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in exacerbating prostatic cellular senescence and genomic instability. This review also addresses the influence of stromal-epithelial interactions and the contribution of stem/progenitor cell niches in maintaining aberrant growth. Understanding these intricate mechanisms provides a foundation for identifying novel therapeutic targets aimed at mitigating BPH progression and associated symptoms.

Keywords: Benign prostatic hyperplasia, cellular mechanisms, hormonal regulation, inflammation, growth factors, molecular pathways, therapeutic targets.
PENERAPAN TEORI MODEL KEPERAWATAN COMFORT PADA ASUHAN KEPERAWATAN ANAK DENGAN DEMAM BERDARAH DENGUE (DBD) DI RSPAD GATOT SOEBROTO
Authors: Awaliah Elis Komariah,
Published: January 2025

Latar Belakang: Anak yang mengalami infeksi Deman Berdarah Dengue. (DBD) akan mengalami gejala demam, mual muntah. Hal ini anak   merasa tidak nyama. Mual muntah dan demam akan menyebabkan gangguan keseimbangan cairan yang merupakan resiko yang dapat terjadi pada anak DBD. Penatalaksanaan demam berdarah (DBD) sangat penting, terutama dalam pemenuhan keseimbangan cairan. Bila gangguan keseimbangan cairan ini tidak segera daitasi maka dapat meyebabkan perburukan Kondisi tersebut jika berlarut-larut dapat mengakibatkan pengeluara caiaran yang hebat. Penelitian ini berupaya untuk mengkaji upaya memberikan kenyamanan melalui pemenuhan kebutuhan cairan pada anak dengan Deman Berdarah Dengue berlandaskan Teori Keparawatan Comfort Kolcaba. Metode: Desain penelitian ini adalah case-study terhadap tiga kasus di RSPAD di Jakarta. Langkah-langkah penelitian merujuk pada teori Kenyamanan Kolcaba yaitu mengkaji, merumuskan pemeriksaan keperawatan, melakukan tindakan keperawatan, dan penilaian. Aspek kenyaman yang diteliti meliputi kenyamanan fisik, psikospiritual, lingkungan, dan sosial budaya. Hasil: penelitian berdasarkan Teori Keperawatan Comfort Kolcaba pada tiga kasus bahwa yang mengalami DBD memiliki masalah yang sama yaitu demam gangguan kebutuhan cairan. Dari kasus 1,2, dan 3 pada pemeriksaan fisik tidak ada perbedaan sedangkan implementasinya ada perbedaan pasien yang 1, 2 dan 3. Kesimpulan: Teori Comfort Kolcaba dapat digunakan sebagai landasan dalam merawat anak dengan Deman Berdarah Dengue yang sedang mengalami demam, gangguan kebutuhan cairan. Dianjurkan agar terus meningkatkan kenyamanan baik fisik, psikologis, spiritual, lingkungan dan sosial. Keempat aspek tersebut harus saling mendukung agar anak dengan Deman Berdarah Dengue merasa nyaman sehingga daput meningkatkan kepuasaan pasien dan keluarga serta dapat meningkatakan Kesehatan pasien. Kata Kunci: DBD; Demam; Kenyamanan; Kolcaba; Teori