bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Degradation of DDT by a Novel Bacterium, Arthrobacter globiformis DC-1: Efficacy, Mechanism and Comparative Advantage
Authors: Wang Xiaoxu , Oba Belay Tafa , Wang Hui , Luo Qing , Liu Jiaxin , Tang Lanxin , Yang Miao , Wu Hao , Sun Lina
Published: July 2023

A novel bacterium, Arthrobacter globiformis DC-1, capable of degrading DDT as its sole carbon and energy source, was isolated from DDT-contaminated agricultural soil. The bacterium can degrade up to 76.3% of the DDT at a concentration of 10 mg/L in the mineral salt medium (MSM) within 1 day of incubation. The effects of various environmental conditions, such as the concentration of DDT, temperature, pH and additional carbon sources, on its growth and biodegrading capacity of DDT were investigated in the MSM. The A. globiformis DC-1 strain could efficiently grow and degrade DDT at a wide range of concentrations, with the maximum growth and degradation rate at 10 mg/LDDT, followed by inhibitory effects at higher concentrations (20 and 30 mg/LDDT). Mesophilic temperatures (25–30 °C) and a pH of 7–7.5 were the most suitable conditions for the growth and biodegradation. The presence of carbon sources significantly increased the growth of the DC-1 strain; however, degradation was inhibited in the present of glucose, sucrose and fructose, and peptone was determined to be the most appropriate carbon source for A. globiformis DC-1. The optimal DDT degradation (84.2%) was observed at 10 mg/LDDT, peptone as carbon source in pH 7.5 at 30 °C with 1 day of incubation. This strain could also degrade DDE, DDD and DDT simultaneously as the sole carbon and energy source, with degradation rates reaching 70.61%, 64.43% and 60.24% in 10 days, respectively. The biodegradation pathway by A. globiformis DC-1 revealed that DDT was converted to DDD and DDE via dechlorination and dehydrochlorination, respectively; subsequently, both DDD and DDE transformed to DDMU through further dechlorination, and finally, after ring opening, DDMU was mineralized to carbon dioxide. No intermediate metabolites accumulation was observed during the GC/MS analysis, demonstrating that the A. globiformis DC-1 strain can be used for the bioremediation of DDT residues in the environment.
Risk Evaluation of Ice Flood Disaster in the Upper Heilongjiang River Based on Catastrophe Theory
Authors: Li Yu , Han Hongwei , Sun Yonghe , Xiao Xingtao , Liao Houchu , Liu Xingchao , Wang Enliang
Published: July 2023

The ice flood phenomenon frequently occurs in frigid locations of high latitude and high altitude, which triggers ice dam or ice jam flooding thus endangering personal and property safety. Hence, a scientific risk evaluation with enough consideration of each factor is a basic and necessary requirement for preventing ice flood disaster risks. This study establishes a risk evaluation system for ice flood disasters based on the catastrophe theory and utilizes the Pearson correlation coefficient to screen underlying indicators to evaluate the risk of ice flood in the upper Heilongjiang River region. Considering the correlation between different indicators, a hierarchical cluster analysis is invoked to simplify the indicator set and to select typical years. The results of the evaluation system indicate that the catastrophe membership values in the Mohe, Tahe, and Huma regions from 2000 to 2020 ranged from 0.86 to 0.93. Based on the membership values and the actual disaster situations, a four-level classification of risk ratings is conducted. The comparison between the results obtained from the catastrophe theory evaluation method and the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method reveals similar risk levels, which verifies the effectiveness and practicality of the catastrophe theory applied to the ice flood risk evaluation and presents a novel method for the study of ice floods.
Prediction of Soil Water Content Based on Hyperspectral Reflectance Combined with Competitive Adaptive Reweighted Sampling and Random Frog Feature Extraction and the Back-Propagation Artificial Neural Network Method
Authors: Chen Shaomin , Lou Fangchuan , Tuo Yunfei , Tan Shuai , Peng Kailun , Zhang Shuai , Wang Quanjiu
Published: July 2023

The soil water content (SWC) is a critical factor in agricultural production. To achieve real-time and nondestructive monitoring of the SWC, an experiment was conducted to measure the hyperspectral reflectance of soil samples with varying levels of water content. The soil samples were divided into two parts, SWC higher than field capacity (super-θf) and SWC lower than field capacity (sub-θf), and the outliers were detected by Monte Carlo cross-validation (MCCV). The raw spectra were processed using Savitzky–Golay (SG) smoothing and then the spectral feature variable of SWC was extracted by using a combination of competitive adaptive reweighted sampling (CARS) and random frog (Rfrog). Based on the extracted feature variables, an extreme learning machine (ELM), a back-propagation artificial neural network (BPANN), and a support vector machine (SVM) were used to establish the prediction model. The results showed that the accuracy of retrieving the SWC using the same model was poor, under two conditions, i.e., SWC above and below θf, mainly due to the influence of the lower accuracy of the super-θf part. The number of feature variables extracted by the sub-θf and super-θf datasets were 25 and 18, respectively, accounting for 1.85% and 1.33% of the raw spectra, and the variables were widely distributed in the NIR range. Among the models, the best results were achieved by the BPANN model for both the sub-θf and the super-θf datasets; the R2p, RMSEp, and RRMSE of the sub-θf samples were 0.941, 1.570%, and 6.685%, respectively. The R2p, RMSEp, and RRMSE of the super-θf samples were 0.764, 1.479%, and 4.205%, respectively. This study demonstrates that the CARS–Rfrog–BPANN method was reliable for the prediction of SWC.
A Framework to Assess Natural Chloride Background in Coastal Aquifers Affected by Seawater Intrusion in Eastern Spain
Authors: Grima-Olmedo Juan , Ballesteros-Navarro Bruno , Pulido-Velazquez David , Renau-Pruñonosa Arianna , Alcalá Francisco Javier , Llopis-Albert Carlos , Jiménez-Gavilán Pablo , Milkov-Ivanov Nikolay , Baena-Ruiz Leticia , Grima-Olmedo Carlos
Published: July 2023

The protection of groundwater resources in coastal aquifers is an increasingly important issue worldwide. To establish threshold values and remediation objectives, it is essential to know the natural background concentrations of relevant ions in groundwater. The rationale is to define the Natural Background Level (NBL) of chemical species determined by atmospheric and lithological forces. In many coastal aquifers, this evaluation worsens since atmospheric and lithological salinity combines with many other anthropogenic sources of salinity, including exogenous salinity induced by seawater intrusion (SWI). This paper presents a combination of six well-known statistical techniques and a new methodology (i.e., SITE index) in eight GWBs affected by SWI in Eastern Spain. The chloride ion was the selected conservative chemical specie to assess the qualitative status due to the variable SWI affection. The Natural Chloride Background (NCB) obtained from these methodologies at the GWB scale was compared with regional NCB data calculated with the Atmospheric Chloride Mass Balance (CMB) method in Continental Spain. The CMB method provides atmospherically derived NCB data that are not influenced by SWI or anthropogenic activities or lithological forces. This external evaluation can be considered the atmospheric fraction of NCB, which serves as a regional criterion to validate the more detailed statistical methodologies applied at the GWB scale. As a result, a conceptualization of NCB is obtained by means of a range of values between 115 mg L−1 and 261 mg L−1 in the studied coastal GWBs affected by SWI in Eastern Spain.
Size-Pattern and Larval-Length–Mass Relationships for the Most Common Chironomid Taxa in the Deep Subalpine Lake Maggiore
Authors: Kamburska Lyudmila , Zaupa Silvia , Boggero Angela
Published: July 2023

For the first time, the size spectra of 28 chironomid genera/species are reported for the most common chironomid taxa in the deep subalpine Lake Maggiore (northwestern Italy). Species-specific length–mass regression models were developed to predict the dry masses of the larval stages of Cladotanytarsus sp., Cryptochironomus sp., Polypedilum bicrenatum, P. nubeculosum, and Stictochironomus pictulus. The predicted dry-mass values differed by less than 20% from the measured values, suggesting that these original equations will be important in chironomid production studies. Regressions at the subfamily level were also developed for case identification at the genus or species level, which is difficult to obtain. The chironomid weights were determined directly and a dry/wet-weight-conversion ratio was estimated. The results were consistent with previously reported results. The relationships between the dry masses and the body lengths were compared with published data for different types of lake all over the world. We found that regression models for other freshwater environments somehow differed from those in Lake Maggiore, albeit slightly. The combination of diversity-based and trait-based approaches improves our knowledge about chironomids and our understanding of the effects of global environmental changes on freshwater biota. This first collection of trait data on summer–autumn chironomid assemblages in a temperate subalpine lake is a valuable contribution to the European trait database. The taxonomic diversity and abundance of chironomids were uploaded for open access on the GBIF platform.
Research on Parameter Optimization of the Optimal Schedule Model of Water Resources for the Jiaodong Water Transfer Project Based on the ICCP Model
Authors: Zhao Ranhang , Gan Tian , Wang Xingju , Wang Haofang
Published: July 2023

Establishing an optimal operation model of water resources is a crucial mean to promote the social and economic development in the Jiaodong area, where water resources are seriously deficient. Constraints of the optimal operation model mainly include water balance constraint, discharge capacity constraint, and constraint on the full utilization of operating water. For water transfer projects that have been in operation for decades, the parameters of these constraints, such as Discharge Capacity (DC), Water Conveyance Efficiency (WCE), Evapotranspiration (E), and Water Supply Volume (WSV), have changed from their original design values, which in turn affect the results of the operation model. In order to address the uncertainties caused by corresponding parameters, according to the characteristics of each parameter, an Interval-Chance Constrained Programming (ICCP) model for the Jiaodong Water Transfer Project was proposed. Interval Programming (IP) and Chance-Constrained Programming (CCP) were used to optimize the parameters of constraints involving WCE, DC, E, and WSV. Then, the Sobol method was used to analyze the sensitivity of each parameter to the operating objective function. The results reveal that (1) total water shortage ratio decreased by [14.82%, 17.26%], [14.81%, 17.25%], and [14.82%, 17.26%], respectively, under the incoming water condition of 50%, 75%, and 95%, indicating that ICCP model can adequately consider complex uncertainties and effectively alleviate water shortage; (2) WCE and DC are important parameters for optimal operation model of water resources, and therefore, channels should be regularly maintained to ensure that WCE and DC would not reduce; (3) Decision variables in this study are in the form of intervals, which are more reasonable because they provide more decision-making options to managers.
Urban Flood Runoff Modeling in Japan: Recent Developments and Future Prospects
Authors: Kawamura Akira , Amaguchi Hideo , Olsson Jonas , Tanouchi Hiroto
Published: July 2023

Since the 20th century, Japan has experienced a period of very rapid urbanization. Cities have experienced substantial densification and expansion, resulting in gradually elevated flood risk. Urban flooding has also occurred in most large cities in Japan, particularly in Tokyo. In response to this growing problem, much effort and resources have been spent on research and development aimed at understanding, simulating, and managing urban flood risk in Japan. The objective of this review is to summarize, discuss, and share key outputs from some of the main research directions in this field, significant parts of which have been uniquely developed in Japan and only published in Japanese. After a general introduction to urban runoff modeling, in the next section, key historical works in Japan are summarized, followed by a description of the situation in Japan with respect to observations of precipitation and water level. Then, the storage function model approach is reviewed, including an extension to urban basins, as well as recent experiments with AI-based emulation in Japanese basins. Subsequently, we review the prospects of detailed hydrodynamic modeling involving high-resolution, vector-based Geographical Information System (GIS) data for the optimal description of the urban environment with applications in Tokyo. We conclude the paper with some future prospects related to urban flood risk modeling and assessment in Japan.
Thirty-Year Prediction of 137Cs Supply from Rivers to Coastal Waters off Fukushima Considering Human Activities
Authors: Ikenoue Tsubasa , Shimadera Hikari , Nakanishi Takahiro , Kondo Akira
Published: July 2023

The Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident caused an accumulation of 137Cs in coastal sediment. The 137Cs supply from rivers to the ocean can affect the long-term fate of 137Cs in coastal sediment. Since the Fukushima coastal river basins include large decontaminated and evacuation order areas, considering the decontamination work and resumption of agriculture is important for predicting the 137Cs supply. We conducted a 30-year prediction of the 137Cs supply from the Fukushima coastal rivers to the ocean using a distributed radiocesium prediction model, considering the effects of human activities. In river basins with decontaminated and evacuation order areas, human activities reduced the total 137Cs outflow from agricultural lands, urban lands, and forest areas to the rivers and the 137Cs supply to the ocean by 5.0% and 6.0%, respectively. These results indicated that human activities slightly impacted the 137Cs outflow and supply. The 137Cs supply from rivers impacted by the accident to the coastal sediment was estimated to correspond to 11–36% of the total 137Cs in the coastal sediment in the early phase of the accident. Therefore, the 137Cs supply from rivers to the ocean is important for the long-term behavior of 137Cs in coastal sediment.
Modeling Aquifer Responses from Flash Flood Events through Ephemeral Stream Beds: Case Studies from Saudi Arabia
Authors: Al-Amri Nassir Sulaiman , Abdurahman Shemsu Gulta , Elfeki Amro Mohamed
Published: July 2023

The determination of groundwater recharge (GWR) with an appropriate method is among the main subjects of groundwater resource management. This research is an event-scale quantitative assessment and a development of a water balance model of an aquifer response resulting from flash flooding and infiltration from the ephemeral streambed of some representative basins in Saudi Arabia. The methodology employed in the water balance analysis of this study starts with surface runoff rather than rainfall as in the literature, since the recharge process mainly occurs from runoff on the ground surface. A conceptual model of the local surface–subsurface interaction is developed to estimate the effective aquifer response (AR). The annual cumulative groundwater recharge (GWR) depths vary from 1.22 m to 6.97 m, with an average rise of 4.24 m at the studied wells; most of this happened following the May and April flash flood events. The results show also similar profile patterns and timings for most of the water level rises and falls. An average root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.46 m is obtained from the simulations and the coefficient of determination (R2) values range from 0.57 to 0.99. The results verified that the daily simulated groundwater elevations have shown very good agreement with the observed daily groundwater elevations over a time span of one year. In this work, the key issue to interpret the GWR depth from individual well samples is whether the model on the samples fits the measured groundwater level within the experimental runoff reaches (ERRs). The time steps (Δt) of the GWR simulation process are significantly affected by the high variability in the aquifer characteristics, as shown for the hydraulic conductivity values ranging from 5.3 m/day to 438 m/day within ERRs. This study highly recommends that groundwater recharge studies be site-specific. Otherwise, the extrapolation of the results even to adjacent basins is questionable.
Hydrochemical Characteristics and Formation Mechanism of Quaternary Groundwater in Baoshan Basin, Western Yunnan, China
Authors: Xiao Yi , Zhang Jiahui , Long Aihua , Xu Shiguang , Guo Tingting , Gu Xinchen , Deng Xiaoya , Zhang Pei
Published: July 2023

The shallow groundwater of the quaternary system in the Baoshan basin, Yunnan Province is seriously polluted, threatening human health and restricting local socio-economic development; therefore, it is necessary to investigate the hydrochemical characteristics and formation mechanisms of the shallow groundwater of the quaternary system in the Baoshan basin. This study used EVS 2022 to establish a 3D visual geological model of the quaternary system in the basin and divided the shallow groundwater aquifers of the quaternary system into three groundwater systems, sampling 22, 9, and 4 groups in each groundwater system, respectively. Mathematical statistics, Piper’s trilinear diagram, Gibbs plots, the Gaillardet model, the ion ratio method, groundwater saturation, and the PCA-APCS-MLR model were used to analyze the groundwater hydrochemical characteristics and genesis of the study area. The results show the following: (1) The types of groundwater chemicals are mainly HCO3-Ca-Mg type and HCO3-Ca, the causes of the water chemical characteristics are mainly influenced by water–rock interaction and alternate cation adsorption, and the rock types with which the groundwater exchanges substances are carbonate rocks and silicate rocks. (2) The Fe2+, Mn2+, and NH3-N contents in groundwater systems I and II exceed the standard, which is the human activity area, and groundwater pollution is mainly affected by human activities. (3) Four main categories of factors were obtained according to the PCA-APCS-MLR model, namely dissolution filtration, migration and enrichment factors, geological and human activity factors, and environmental factors and pollution factors; the cumulative contribution of variance was 77.84%, and the groundwater chemical characteristics were jointly influenced by hydrogeological conditions and human activities. The results of this study provide a basis for groundwater protection and management in the Baoshan basin, where groundwater system I is the key area for pollution and should be strengthened for control.
Environmental Sustainability as Factor for Mega Sport Event Support—Empirical Evidence Regarding the Olympic Games and the Football World Cup
Authors: Hugaerts Ine , Schunk Holger , Könecke Thomas
Published: July 2023

Environmental sustainability (ES) has generally become an important topic in recent years. In this context, interest in the environmental impact of sport events has also considerably grown. However, not much is known about how people currently perceive ES in mega sport events (MSEs) and if this influences their support to stage a MSE in their home country. To shed light on this question, a survey was conducted in Germany, which resulted in a sample of 917 respondents. The data show that about one-third of them think that ES is adequately implemented in the Olympic Games and the Football World Cup. Around half of the respondents state they are in favour of hosting these events in Germany in the future and multinomial logistic regressions reveal that positive and negative perceptions of the ES of the events are important predictors of support and opposition. The same is true for the perception of the overall brand image of the event. The findings have important implications for future bidding processes because they show that the further development of ES in MSEs might have an influence on the support for hosting these events in Germany and potentially other Western democracies.
The effect of different concentrations of potassium sulfate on young Danio rerio
Authors:   Moscow State University of Technology and Management named after K.G. Razumovsky (MGUTU named after K.G. Razumovsky), Russia, Moscow, Trigub A.G. , Faliy S.S. ,   Russian State Agrarian University — Moscow Agricultural Academy named after K.A. Timiryazev, Russia, Moscow, Medyankina M.V. ,   Moscow State University of Technology and Management named after K.G. Razumovsky (MGUTU named after K.G. Razumovsky), Russia, Moscow, Drozdenko T.V. ,   Pskov State University, Russia, Pskov
Published: July 2023

Danio rerio is widely used as a model object for various scientific studies, including environmental ones. In addition to assessing the survival of individuals and other research methods, the method of histological bioindicators is very indicative in toxicological experiments. As such markers, the liver and gills of fish were used in this work, which, when exposed to the substance under study, changed their structure, allowing us to judge the degree and nature of this effect. The present study examined the effects of potassium sulfate in concentrations from 100 to 1000 mg/l on the organs of danio. It was revealed that the negative effect of the substance on the gills of fish is mainly expressed in hyperemia and hyperplasia of the respiratory epithelium, and pathological changes in the liver are represented by both fatty embolism and damage to the liver tissue (ruptures, replacement with connective tissue). At the same time, the reaction of the organs was noted when exposed to the minimum of the studied concentrations — 100 mg/l.
VERTICAL SOCIAL MOBILITY IN UKRAINE IN THE CONTEXT OF THE UKRAINIAN-RUSSIAN WAR
Authors: Ostapenko O.
Published: July 2023

The Ukrainian-Russian war, which has actually been going on since 2014 and escalated on February 22, 2022, has changed the established way of life of the vast majority of Ukrainians, including the algorithm and principles of social mobility, both horizontal and vertical, as 7915287 people left for Europe for temporary protection and 4867106 people officially registered within Ukraine could not but affect the mobility of Ukrainian society. The aim of the article is to determine the impact of the Ukrainian-Russian war on the change in the channels of vertical social circulation, such as the army, the church, educational and upbringing institutions, the process of wealth accumulation, family and marriage. Research methodology. The research methodology is interdisciplinary in nature and lies at the intersection of social philosophy and sociology. The principles of historicism, consistency, objectivity, and the connection between the historical and the logical were also used to solve specific research tasks. Results. According to P.Sorokin`s definition, social mobility means any transition of an individual, group or social object, or a value created or modified through activity, from one social position to another, as a result of which the social position of an individual or group changes.P. Sorokin distinguishes between two forms of social mobility: horizontal andvertical. Horizontal mobility is the transition of an individual or a social object from one social position to another, which is located at the same level. But the most important process is vertical mobility, which is a set of interactions that facilitate the transition of an individual or social object from one social stratum to another. This includes, for example, a promotion (professional vertical mobility), a significant improvement in well-being (economic vertical mobility), or a move to a higher social stratum, to a different level of government (political vertical mobility). Conclusions. The Ukrainian-Russian war has had a significant impact on the channels of vertical circulation. Considering the impact of the war on the army as one of the main channels of vertical circulation, we can state that since the beginning of the war, about 1 million mostly male population of Ukraine were forced to change their profession from civilian to military, and professional military personnel, due to losses among the command or their own talent and heroism, were able to take command positions in the Armed Forces, the National Guard, and the National Police. At the same time, the war has shaken the status of such social institutions as the church, the process of wealth accumulation, and family and marriage (especially with a representative of a different social status), making them channels of downward movement.
Saltmarsh Carbon Stock Changes under Combined Effects of Vegetation Succession and Reclamation
Authors: Cai Tinglu , Huang Silong , Wu Jiaqi , Zhang Ziyan , Xue Chengfeng , Chen Yining
Published: July 2023

Blue carbon ecosystems have been widely recognized for their carbon sequestration function to mitigate climate changes. However, both natural processes (e.g., interspecific competition) and human activities could alter the ability of blue carbon storage. To clarify the impacts of vegetation succession and reclamation on carbon stock changes, field investigation and laboratory analysis were conducted in a saltmarsh within Hangzhou Bay. Remote sensing data indicated a zonation pattern: the exotic speciesSpartina alternifloraencroached into the native speciesScirpus mariqueterat a rate of 3.51 km2a−1, butS. mariqueterexpanded to the front bare mudflat at a rate of 2.51 km2a−1. The carbon stock (1 m in depth) was found to be 85.37 Mg C ha−1for the exotic species, 56.52 Mg C ha−1for the native species, and 39.78 Mg C ha−1for the bare mudflat. The carbon burial rate varied among 3 habitats, from 0.63 Mg C ha−1a−1in the bare mudflat to 1.39 to 1.59 Mg C ha−1a−1in the vegetation sites. Within the study area, vegetation succession contributed an additional 4,858 Mg of organic carbon between 2017 and 2020 to the carbon pool. The organic carbon content of the reclamation site showed a considerable reduction, from 8.51 g kg−1to 3.34 g kg−1after 2 years of reclamation, resulting in an emission of 21.61 Mg C ha−1. Overall, the vegetation succession increased the carbon stock of the region while reclamation caused a net carbon loss in the saltmarshes. These findings can enrich the cognition to promote blue carbon management in coastal zones.
GARDEN AS A LINGUISTIC CULTURAL SYMBOL
Authors: Karasik Vladimir
Published: July 2023

The paper deals with symbolic properties of the concept GARDEN as presented in English and Russian world-views. Culturally, gardens are opposed to forests and are correlated to parks, and various types of food and flowers growing. Perceptive characteristics of a garden in the English world-view are mostly connected with it as part of home adjoining a house, whereas in Russian descriptions of gardens we can often see abandoned old gardens as symbols of a lost happy life. Evaluative features of a garden allude to the Biblical description of paradise.
HOW LIKE-SIMILE RELATES TO METAPHOR: AN EXPLORATION OF ANALYTICAL PARAMETERS
Authors: Ruiz de Mendoza Ibáñez Francisco José
Published: July 2023

Traditional accounts of figurative language consider like-simile and metaphor to be largely equivalent. However, more recent research shows that metaphor expresses a closer association between the two terms of comparison than like-simile. This paper proposes a variety of criteria to understand the similarities and differences between these two figures of speech, among them the abstractness of the resemblance relationship, the greater subjectivity of metaphor, and the role of comparison in contrast to other factors. This discussion casts light on the metaphor-simile equivalence versus non-equivalence debate.
Research integrity in a South African health sciences institution
Authors: Augustine Tanya , Libhaber Elena , Hofmann Bjorn , Nhlapho Mapule , Kramer Beverley
Published: July 2023

Research integrity is of interest across disciplines, although reported on more frequently by health sciences researchers. This study investigated the experiences and attitudes of academic staff and postgraduate students to scientific misconduct in a South African health sciences institution. An anonymous self-administered, structured questionnaire conducted online was addressed to academic staff and postgraduate students. While the response rate was low (11.4%), it reflects the diversity of the health sciences institution. While fabricating, falsifying, plagiarizing, or presenting results in a misleading way was self-reported as low, 9% of staff reported knowing of cases where misleading results had been presented and approximately 10% of respondents had witnessed misconduct. Authorship misconduct was concerning, with more staff (35.2%) than students (8.8%) reporting unethical pressure regarding inclusion or ordering of authors (p<0.001). The incidence of data altering by staff, and of clinicians who were uncertain about reporting scientific misconduct although low, is disquieting. Institutions should ensure that adequate research integrity training is provided if the standard and veracity of its science is to be upheld.
Study of the effect of hollow corundum microspheres on the physical and mechanical characteristics of polyimide foams
Authors: Rodin A. S. , Litosov H. E. , Dvorko I. M. , Panfilov D. A. , Lavrov N. A.
Published: July 2023

The study of polyacrylimide foams based on compositions of polyacrylamide hydrogels containing hollow corundum microspheres as fillers was carried out. The effect of fillers on the physical and mechanical properties and thermal stability of polyacrylimide foams has been studied. The structure and morphology of the obtained foam materials were studied by scanning electron microscopy, and the average cell size was established.
Introduction. Access to justice from a multi-disciplinary and socio-legal perspective: Barriers and facilitators
Authors: Storgaard Asbjørn , Johansson Susanna , Åström Karsten
Published: July 2023

Since access to justice scholarship has gradually become a more multifaceted, international and empirical endeavour, this special issue illustrates a broader scope of contemporary access to justice research from a multi-disciplinary and socio-legal perspective. The issue gathers contributions from European and US scholars, representing different disciplinary backgrounds, such as law, sociology of law, political science, philosophy, social work, and criminology, yet with a common interest in access to justice. This includes the study of various contexts (apart from the courts) and actors (apart from lawyers) who make unilateral legally based decisions that have direct consequences for individuals, or in other ways facilitates or hinders access to justice in a (broader) democratic sense. Through its contributions, this special issue identifies and discusses a variety of barriers and facilitators in areas where access to justice is deemed problematic and therefor highly important for policy and practice development.
Pemberdayaan Kader Gerbangmas Melalui Sosialisasi Pembuatan Makanan Tambahan Chutang (Churros Kentang) bagi Baduta di Desa Kaliboto Kidul Kecamatan Jatiroto Kabupaten Lumajang dengan Pendekatan Community-Based Research (CBR)
Authors: Sholichah Rossa Ayu Umdatus , Atiqoh Laili , Mujtahidah Muhimmatul , Ulayya Naila Sayyida , Dewanti Risma , Andiarna Funsu
Published: July 2023

Asupan nutrisi yang sehat dan seimbang diperlukan oleh baduta untuk pertumbuhan fisik, perkembangan mental dan kesehatan secara umum. Hal ini salah satunya melalui pemahaman yang baik dan benar terkait kesesuaian pemberian Air Susu Ibu (ASI) dan makanan tambahan bagi baduta. Tujuan pengabdian masyarakat ini yaitu untuk mensosialisasikan pembuatan makanan tambahan CHUTANG pada kader gerbangmas sebagai upaya pemenuhan kecukupan kebutuhan gizi anak baduta. Metode pengabdian menggunakan pendekatan Community-Based Research (CBR) dengan empat tahapan yaitu peletakan dasar (laying foundation), perencanaan (planning), pengumpulan dan analisis data (information gathering and analysis), dan aksi atas temuan (acting on findings). Hasil pengabdian menunjukkan bahwa makanan tambahan CHUTANG dapat menjadi inovasi bagi para kader gerbangmas dalam mencukupi gizi pada anak baduta di Desa Kaliboto Kidul.
Pendampingan Peningkatan Kualitas Produk Simplisia dan Teh Celup Bawang Dayak Melalui Pengurusan PIRT di KWT Sri Rejeki
Authors: Muthia Rahmi , Putri Aristha Novyra , Hasymi Liana Fitriani , Fitriah Rahmayanti
Published: July 2023

KWT Sri Rejeki merupakan salah satu kelompok wanita yang membudidayakan sayuran dan tanaman yang ternyata juga bisa dimanfaatkan sebagai tanaman obat, salah satunya yaitu bawang dayak. Berdasarkan hasil pengabdian masyarakat sebelumnya tahun 2022 di KWT Sri Rejeki, produk hasil pendampingan tahun lalu telah dapat diperdagangkan secara offline maupun online namun nilai daya jualnya masih belum maksimal. Keterbatasan dan permasalahannya adalah belum dimilikinya izin edar baik untuk produk olahan simplisia maupun teh celupan bawang dayak sehingga pemasarannya sangat terbatas. Hal ini menunjukkan perlu pengembangan produk dengan pendampingan dalam pengajuan izin edar produk sehingga diharapkan juga dapat meningkatkan pemasaran produk. Tujuan pengabdian masyarakat untuk meningkatkan kualitas produk melalui pendampingan pengurusan PIRT produk simplisia dan teh celupan bawang Dayak. Metode yang dilakukan yaitu pengurusan perizinan ke UPT BPP Liang Anggang, pemberian alat penunjang pembuatan produk berupa oven pengering, pendampingan penyuluhan dari dinas Kesehatan banjarbaru terkait pengurusan izin edar PIRT, pendampingan desain kemasan sediaan, serta pengurusan izin PIRT. Hasil kegiatan berupa peningkatan teknologi menggunakan oven pengering pada proses pengeringan produk sehinga meningkatkan kualitas produk, Selain itu anggota KWT Sri Rejeki  lebih memahami alur perizinan dengan baik setelah disampaikan oleh dua narasumber langsung dari dinas Kesehatan banjarbaru. Hasil lainnya berupa produk dengan desain kemasan yang kekinian dan inovatif ditunjang dengan izin PIRT untuk  produk simplisia bawang Dayak dan teh celupan bawang Dayak.
Penyuluhan Kualitas Packaging Madu Peternak Lebah Desa Sangketan Dalam Meningkatkan Penjualan
Authors: Widiantari Komang Sri , Devi Ni Kadek Vitrea
Published: July 2023

Desa Sangketan merupakan desa pada Kecamatan Penebel, Kabupaten Tabanan, Provinsi Bali. Desa tersebut berpotensi besar serta bisa dikembangkan lebih jauh lagi. Salah satu potensi yang ada pada Desa Sangketan yaitu budidaya lebah, dimana lebah dapat menghasilkan madu asli yang memiliki banyak manfaat. Budidaya lebah madu merupakan salah satu alternative wirausaha yang dapat dikenalkan kepada masyarakat luas, sehingga dapat menambah penghasilan dari potensi tersebut. Desa Sangketan merupakan salah satu desa penghasil madu dengan kualitas baik, hanya saja terdapat permasalahan yang ada yaitu kurangnya kreatifitas dan inovasi untuk mengembangkan desain kemasan suatu produk dalam mencukupi apa yang konsumen butuhkan, dikarenakan desain kemasan memberikan pengaruh pada calon pembeli supaya melakukan pembelian produk. Menarik tidaknya sebuah produk tak terlepas dari sasaran pasar tujuannya. Kemasan tak hanya menjadi pembawa identitas sebuah produk, namun kemasan menjadi cerminan pula atas image produsen serta menjadi penjangkau atas hal yang konsumen selerakan. Tujuan dari kegiatan ini yaitu membuat desain kemasan baru sebagai wadah atau tempat untuk madu yang telah dihasilkan. Hal ini meruupakan suatu solusi terkait pemecahan masalah pada Desa Sangketan khususnya bagi Peternak Lebah. Dengan adanya pembuatan desain kemasan baru untuk madu membuat para peternak lebah mendapatkan peningkatan pada penjualan.
The Impact of Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Performance to Improve Return on Asset in Manufacturing Company
Authors: Hutapea Riauli Susilawaty
Published: July 2023

In Indonesia there are so  many companies in  manufacturing sector that do not process hazardous toxic waste (B3) properly, so that environmental pollution continues to occur.  The Ministry of Industry and the Ministry of Environment and Forestry are targeting to reduce waste by up to 70%, and create a green industry.  To support this target, the Ministry of Industry introduced a circular economy with 5 main principles, namely, reduce, reuse, recycle, recovery, and repair. These 5 principles already exist in the CSR (Corporate Social Responsibility) indicator which has been standardized by the GRI (Global Reporting Initiative) created by the GSSB (Global Sustainability Standards Board), so companies are obliged to apply them. This CSR will be shown in the company's annual Sustainability Report. There is an additional program to support environmental responsibility, namely PROPER (Company Performance Rating Program in Environmental Management). PROPER as an indicator that must be carried out by companies to manage production waste. Creating a green industry and a green environment will have a positive impact on the company, by increasing profitability. Company profitability can be measured by ROA, so that investors can see how the company manages assets to generate profit even though it incurs high costs to manage waste. The purpose of this study is to measure how significant the influence of CSR and environmental performance is on the profitability of manufacturing sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2021 period.
Indigenous Voices and the Archive
Authors: Poske Christian
Published: July 2023

Between 1914 and 1919, the British administrator and anthropologist John Henry Hutton (1885-1968) made fourteen cylinder recordings documenting the songs of Naga communities in the Naga Hills District, today part of the state of Nagaland in India. Little is known about the recording circumstances, as the documentation is limited to brief recording notes he sent with the cylinders to the Pitt Rivers Museum in Oxford, which holds the collection. Hutton’s publications, on the other hand, include transcriptions and translations of some of the recorded songs, but the poor sound quality makes it difficult to assign these to the published songs with certainty. This paper summarises the outcomes of a research project funded by the International Association of Sound and Audiovisual Archives between January and March 2022, which aimed to reconnect Naga communities with Hutton’s recordings to elucidate the content and performance context of the recordings, and to provide digital copies of the collection with enhanced documentation to the Archives and Research Center for Ethnomusicology (Gurgaon) and the Highland Institute (Kohima). Fieldwork participants appreciated the opportunity to hear Hutton’s recordings, which they considered important historical documentation of Naga traditional music. Yet, most listeners struggled to identify the recorded songs, although a few were able to name and even perform some of them. The project concluded with an exhibition at the Highland Institute that featured Hutton’s recordings and more recent examples of Naga traditional music. Overall, few listeners were aware of the existence of Hutton’s recordings when we conducted our fieldwork in February 2022, although the recordings have been available online on the website of the Pitt Rivers Museum since 2013. Thus, I argue that initiatives of making historical sound recordings accessible online need to be supported by actions on the ground in countries of origin, to facilitate community engagement with audio collections uploaded to the web.
Listening With/in Context
Authors: Collins Emily
Published: July 2023

Despite increasing attention to the preservation and development of sound archives in academic research and cultural heritage institutions, they are yet to be more substantially embraced in larger theoretical debates on archival theory and practice. Fraught with contested histories through the legacy of ethnomusicology, rooted in the enterprises of colonial imperialism, now in the era of mass digitization and distribution, many sound collections are attempting to develop ethical and empowering methodologies that support community involvement and a vigorous remediation between sound and visuality. Addressing this confluence of concerns, this article considers the ways in which contemporary digital sound archival projects are encouraging an engagement with cultural history and memory in innovative and complex ways, mobilizing the affordances of digital tools and community-based support material with careful attention to the negotiation between its sonic and visual constituents. Through an analysis of two case studies – The Roaring ‘Twenties and Smoke Signals Radio Show Archive – this article examines how contemporary digital archival projects activate and remediate sonic documents and their contextual counterparts to invite a diverse, multifaceted, and multi-sensory encounter with history, memory, knowledge, and the past.
‘Be’ Verbs in a Contrastive Perspective: The Case of BÝT, BE and VÆRE
Authors: Čermáková Anna , Ebeling Jarle , Oksefjell Ebeling Signe
Published: July 2023

This paper reports on a cross-linguistic study of ‘be’ verbs in Czech, English and Norwegian, viz. být, be and være, drawing on data from the fiction part of the International Comparable Corpus (Čermáková et al. 2021). The study identifies two main uses of ‘be’ verbs: auxiliary and linking, plus an ‘other’ category which includes minor (often) language-specific uses. The study reveals marked proportional differences in how the three languages exploit the grammatical and functional potential of their respective ‘be’ verbs, notably there is a marked preference for linking uses in English and Norwegian and a more even distribution between auxiliary and linking uses in Czech. In a case study of the linking use, the languages are shown to behave similarly, but with some minor differences regarding choice of adjective to describe fictional subjects. The methodology highlights the importance of a carefully crafted tertium comparationis at several levels, not only in relation to datasets and linguistic phenomena investigated, but also as regards terminology and grammatical traditions of description for the languages compared.
Teenagers’ Vocabulary Knowledge and Self-Efficacy as Elements in Effective L2 Online Searches
Authors: Nordlund Marie , Kokkola Lydia , Rydström Ulla
Published: July 2023

As English dominates the Internet, most education systems need to prepare pupils to perform L2 information searches. Generating efficient search terms and understanding the information retrieved requires good vocabulary knowledge. This study examined the relationship between vocabulary knowledge, L2 online searching, and attitudes towards online searching. A sample of Swedish pupils’ abilities in locating suitably difficult texts and learning words were tested by comparing their Vocabulary Size Test scores with the lexical density of their search results and subsequent text production. Long-term vocabulary recall and self-efficacy for searching online were also tested. The results indicate that pupils tended to read and write texts below their ability level. They were unaware that they could achieve more as their self-efficacy measures indicated high confidence levels despite rather modest skills. The challenge posed by the findings is to enable teenagers to recognize how much more effectively they could use the Internet, without damaging their confidence.
Building a Corpus of Written Tasks of Swedish National Tests in English: Motivation, Method and Research Applications
Authors: Allan Rachel , Shaw Irina , Shaw Martin
Published: July 2023

This article describes a collaborative project involving the construction of a corpus of graded year 9 National Tests in written English. National Tests are standardized high stakes tests which are an important part of the Swedish education system because the results provide an indication of performance at national level, and also feed into pupils’ overall assessment. The grading of National Tests in written English has been found to be problematic for teachers, and a need for assessment training identified (Erickson and Tholin 2022). By providing a searchable database of graded written texts, together with the teacher feedback, this project aims to create a resource to support pre- and in-service teachers in interpreting knowledge requirements and assessment guidelines, and providing effective feedback. The corpus will also provide a resource for research into the features of student writing at different grade levels. To create the corpus, past papers from collaborating schools have been anonymized, digitized and coded. As a result, pupils’ texts can be easily sorted by a range of criteria, for example, year, gender, education type, grade achieved on the written paper and overall grade for the National Test. Teacher feedback can be accessed similarly. We outline potential research areas provided by this resource, and demonstrate how some of these might be explored. We also give examples of how the developing corpus has already been used as a resource for English teacher training programmes, and outline future plans for the project.
Analisa Kinerja Bersinyal Pada Jalan Pasca Perubahan Arus Di Kota Medan
Authors: Arismunandar Danu , Lubis Marwan , Batubara Hamidun
Published: July 2023

Transportasi merupakan kegiatan yang penting bagi masyarakat. Dari banyak hal, kualitas hidup masyarakat salah satunya dipengaruhi oleh transportasi dan akses ke tempat kerja, tempat belanja, dan tempat hiburan atau pergi kuliah. Transportasi menunjang terlaksana nya berbagai kegiatan masyarakat sehingga kendaraan pribadi menjadi suatu kebutuhan, Lokasi penelitian simpang empat  ini merupakan simpang empat tidak bersinyal tanpa median dengan rincian sebagai berikut: Selatan ( jalan Balai Kota ), Timur ( jalan perintis kemerdekaan), Utara (jalan Putri Hijau), Barat (jalan Guru Patimpus, Hasil analisis operasional pada simpang bersinyal pertemuan jalan balai kota dan jalan guru patimpus, jalan balai kota dan jalan putri hijau serta jalan perintis kemerdekaan dan jalan guru patimpus, jalan perintis kemerdekaan dan jalan putri hijau kondisi aktual diperoleh data bahwa arus stabil, volume sesuai jalan kota,pada simpang tersebut menunjukan (DS) sebesar 0,58. Karena adanya perubahan dari pemerintah kota medan dari simpang bersinya ke simpang tak bersinyal maka dari itu analisis operasional pada simpang tak bersinyal saat ini dari jalan balai kota – jalan guru patimpus, jalan balai kota – jalan putri hijau, jalan balai kota – jalan perintis kemerdekaan arus stabil, volume sesuai jalan kota, Hasil analisis pada simpang tak bersinyal saat ini menunjukan (DS) sebesar 0,50. Untuk operasional pada simpang tak bersinyal untuk 5 tahun ke depan di peroleh data bahwa simpang tersebut mempunyai kinerja lalu lintas mendekati arus tidak stabil,kecepatan rendah, Hasil. pada simpang tak bersinyal saat ini menunjukan (DS) sebesar 0,75.