bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Roosting ecology and morphometric analysis of Pteropus medius (Indian flying fox) in Lower Dir, district, Pakistan
Authors: Khan W. , Nisa N.N. , Khan A. R. , Rahbar B. , Mehmood S.A. , Ahmed S. , Kamal M. , Shah M. , Rasool A. , Pahanwar W.A. , Ullah I. , Khan S.
Published: May 2020

Abstract The present study was conducted to explore morphometric variations of Pteropus medius (the Indian flying fox) and the roosting trees in Lower Dir, Pakistan. The bats were captured from Morus alba, Morus nigra, Brousonetia papyrifera, Pinus raxburghii, Hevea brasiliensis, Platanus orientalis, Populous nigra, Melia azedarach, Eucalyptus camaldulensis and Grevillea robusta through sling shot and mess net methods. A total of 12 bats were studied for the differential morphological features based on age and sex. Male bats were recorded higher in weight than females. The variations were found in body mass (821.1±34.65gm), circumference of body with wings (25.43±0.39cm), wingspan (112.58±1.90cm), Body length (20.73±0.68cm), Snout length (3.42±0.04cm), Eye length (1.45±0.033cm), Length of ear (3.56±0.05cm), Width of ear (2.46±0.04cm), Length b/w ear (5.51±0.11cm), Circumference of neck (12.23±0.24cm), Circumference of body without wings (18.68±0.31cm), Arm wing length (23.2±1.03cm), Length of thumb (5.43±0.1cm), Length of nail (1.89±0.05cm), Hand wing length (29.1±0.51cm), Maximum width of wing (21.03±0.68cm), Length b/w tip of wing to 5th digit (29.39±0.30cm), Length b/w 5th digit to foot (22.97±1.09cm), Length b/w feet (18.31±0.74cm) and Length of foot claw (4.23±0.05cm). This study was designed for analysis of external morphological variations for P. medius (the Indian flying fox) that may help in identification of these bats and their roosting sites.
Chemical compositions, radical scavenging capacities and antimicrobial activities in seeds of Satureja hortensis L. and Mentha spicata L. subsp. spicata from Turkey
Authors: Emre İ. , Kurşat M. , Yilmaz Ö. , Erecevit P.
Published: May 2020

Abstract The present study determined some biological compounds, radical scavenging activity and antimicrobial capacity in seeds of Satureja hortensis L. and Mentha spicata L. subsp. spicata. Alpha-linolenic acid (C18:3 n3) has been found to be the major polyunsaturated fatty acid of Satureja hortensis L. (66.24 ± 1.24%) and Mentha spicata L. subsp. spicata (48.17 ± 1.01%). Linoleic acid (C18:2 n6) is identified as the second major polyunsaturated fatty acid in the present study and oleic acid (C18:1 n9) is determined as the major monounsaturated fatty acid. Current study showed that Satureja hortensis L. and Mentha spicata L. subsp. spicata have low levels of saturated fatty acids. It has been demonstrated that ergosterol (263.1 ± 2.14 µg/g), stigmasterol (39.07 ± 0.91 µg/g) and beta-sitosterol (14.64 ± 0.49 µg/g) have been found in Mentha spicata L. subsp. spicata, while ergosterol (69.41 ± 1.75 µg/g) and beta-sitosterol (19.81 ± 1.14 µg/g) have been determined in Satureja hortensis L. Also, this study determined that Satureja hortensis L. and Mentha spicata L. subsp. spicata have low lipide-soluble vitamin content. Furthermore, it has been found that Satureja hortensis L. contains naringenin (612.57 ± 2.57 µg/g), morin (86.97 ± 1.12 µg/g), quercetin (22.87 ± 0.75 µg/g), and kaempferol (20.11 ± 0.94 µg/g) while naringenin (135.91 ± 1.91 µg/g), naringin (61.23 ± 2.15 µg/g) and quercetin (47.51 ± 1.17 µg/g) have been detected as major flavonoids in the seeds of Mentha spicata L. subsp. spicata. The results of the present study suggest that methanol extracts of Satureja hortensis L. and Mentha spicata L. subsp. spicata have significant free radical scavenging activity. The present results revealed that Satureja hortensis L. and Mentha spicata L. subsp. spicata showed major activity against gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms, fungi and yeast.
Is the handgrip strength a good nutritional assessment method for people living with HIV?
Authors: ELARRAT Rodrigo Moura , TOLENTINO JUNIOR Julio Cesar , CORTEZ Arthur Fernandes , GJORUP Ana Lucia Taboada , DUARTE Juliano Heluany , FERNANDES Gabriel Teixeira
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACT Objective The study aimed to verify the relationship between handgrip strength measurement and classic anthropometric values in HIV positive outpatients. Methods This was a cross-sectional study that enrolled HIV-positive outpatients treated at the Gaffrée and Guinle University Hospital, aged between 20 and 60 years and considered to be well-nourished or moderately malnourished, according to the Global Subjective Analysis. The patients’ bilateral handgrip strength were assessed (Jamar dynamometer), and classic anthropometry variables (weight, height, body mass index, arm muscle area, arm fat area, arm muscle circumference, and triceps skin fold) were measured. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, t-test, bivariate correlation and regression analysis were used (SPSS 21® software), with a significance level of 5%. Results A total of 242 patients were assessed. According to the Global Subjective Analysis, 218 (90.1%) patients were classified as well nourished (Global Subjective Analysis-A) and 24 (9.9%) as moderately malnourished (Global Subjective Analysis-B). The average dominant hand handgrip strength with standard deviation was 30.5±9.5kgf and 24.1±6.1kgf for Global Subjective Analysis-A and Global Subjective Analysis-B patients, respectively. Handgrip values were not influenced by age. The handgrip strength showed in both genders a significant correlation with weight, body mass index, and with anthropometric parameters related to lean body mass (arm muscle circumference and arm muscle area), but without correlation with the non-lean mass parameter (arm fat area). The handgrip strength of the dominant hand was a predictor of the following variables associated with lean body mass, i.e., arm muscle circumference and arm muscle area (R2=0.194, t=7.7, p<0.001, and R2=0.192, t=7.6, p<0.001, respectively). However, handgrip strength was not a predictor of arm fat area. Conclusion Measurement of handgrip strength was a useful method for nutritional assessment in outpatients with HIV due to a significant relationship with anthropometric parameters associated with lean body mass.
INFLUENCE OF THE REPLANTING AGE ON YIELD AND GROWTH OF EUCALYPT CLONAL STANDS
Authors: Pereira Filho Geraldo Magela , Jacovine Laércio Antônio Gonçalves , Schettini Bruno Leão Said , Paiva Haroldo Nogueira de , Villanova Paulo Henrique , Rocha Samuel José Silva Soares da , Leite Hélio Garcia
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACT The growth of an eucalypt plantation should be monitored to identify factors that influence its development, helping in the decision-making process, aiming to reduce productivity losses. Thus, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the influence of the age of replanting on the yield and growth of eucalypt stands. The experiment was conducted in an area of CENIBRA S.A. Company, and established in a commercial plantation in August 2011. The application of herbicide and the ant control were performed in total area before planting. Seedlings of Eucalyptus urophylla × Eucalyptus grandis clones in 3.0 × 2.5 m spacing were used. Limestone (1,500 kg ha-1) was applied in total area before planting and 100 g plant-1 of NPK fertilizer (06-30-06) was applied immediately after planting. Four months after the installation of the experiment, 300 kg ha-1 of NPK (06-10-29) was applied. Treatments consisted of four dates of seedling replanting (0, 20, 40 and 80 days after planting) without complementary fertilization, and two treatments (replanting 40 and 80 days after planting) with supplementary fertilization (100g plant-1 NPK 06-30-06). The individual volume of replanting trees was 46.6% lower than of non-replanted ones. Treatments with complementary planting fertilization did not differ (p > 0.05) by the T-test. It is concluded that the longer the time between planting and replanting, the smaller the individual volume of the replanting trees and that the complementary fertilization in seedlings replanted does not favor their growth.
Physical exercise and metformin in gestational obesity and prevention on gestational diabetes mellitus: a systematic review
Authors: Nascimento Iramar Baptistella do , Fleig Raquel , Souza Matheus Leite Ramos de , Silva Jean Carl
Published: May 2020

Abstract Objectives: identify the action of metformin and physical activities to reduce weight gain and prevent mellitus diabetes in obese pregnant women. Methods: the electronic search was performed in PubMed / MEDLINE, LILACS, Web of Science, Scopus and Cochrane library databases between 2008 and 2018. The selection took place between April and July 2018, through the descriptors "pregnancy, obesity, metformin, treatment, exercise". A protocol was programmed and consecutively a selective research on the inclusion / exclusion phase. The "PICO" strategy was used. Population: obese pregnant women. Intervention: physical exercises and metformin. Control: The main indicator established was therapeutic outcomes with physical activity and metformin. Outcome of interest: body weight control. Results: by selecting the database, 3,983 articles were identified on the topic of interest. After selecting and eligibility, only 16 scientific studies were selected, of which 81.25% were clinical trials related to diet programs, physical activity, metformin use and possible outcomes, 18.75% were prospective cohort on causes of obesity in gestation and its association with gestational mellitus diabetes and preventive therapies. The study pointed out the possibility of adapting physical therapy programs with the correct metformin dosage for a greater control in gestational weight gain. However, there is a need for greater awareness and changes in habits for obese woman during the gestational period. Conclusions: the drug presents similarity to physical activity by activating AMPK and may be added to treatments that propose changes in pregnant women’s lifestyle to reduce weight gain and prevent gestational diabetes mellitus with a better understanding of the optimal dosage. Thus, the study suggests the use of metformin is not only for the prevention and the intercurrence of gestational diabetes mellitus, but a strictly careful investigation allowing its use to non-diabetic obese pregnant women.
Support offered to newborns’ parents by the nursing team
Authors: Tosca Christina Fiorini , Rimolo Maitê Larini , Breigeiron Márcia Koja
Published: May 2020

Abstract Objectives: to know the perception of parents of newborns regarding the support received from the nursing team during their child’s hospitalization. Methods: prospective study. Sample of 127 mothers and fathers of newborns hospitalized for at least 72 hours in neonatal units of a hospital in the southern region of Brazil. Data collected from May to September 2018 through application of a proposed questionnaire and consultation of medical records. Descriptive and analytical statistics were used. Results: participants were aged 28.2 (SD = 6.8) years, mostly composed of mothers (76.4%), primiparous (51.2%). Full support was declared by 66.0% of participants in the appreciative domain and 65.5% in the instrumental, 51.7% in the informational and 46.2% in the emotional domains. Mothers declared they felt supported mainly in the instrumental (p=0.009) and informational (p=0.039) domains. There was a positive correlation between the emotional, appreciative and informational domains (p<0.001). Conclusion: for most participants, in the informational domain, there was a demand for knowledge provided by the team, inclusion in decisions and encouragement to ask questions; in the emotional, there was concern for wellbeing and attention to anguish. Greater support for parents in the informational and emotional domains must be reinforced with the use of training strategies for the nursing team.
Social inequality and pneumonia hospitalization in children under five years of age in Maranhão, Brazil
Authors: Gaspar Maria Augusta Ribeiro , Barros Pedro Henrique Silva , Costa Andréa Suzana Vieira , Soares Fabiana Alves , Oliveira Bruno Luciano Carneiro Alves de
Published: May 2020

Abstract Objectives: to describe the characteristics of pneumonia hospitalizations in children under five years of age across the State of Maranhão, Brazil, and explore patterns of spatial distribution of admissions. Methods: ecological study using data on occurrences (age, gender, skin color/race, month of occurrence, and municipality of residence) between 2012 and 2017 taken from the Unified Health System’s Hospital Information System and municipal level socioeconomic indicators for 2010. Each respiratory disease, including pneumonia, was presented as a percentage of overall admissions for respiratory tract diseases, together with the monthly distribution of admissions as a percentage of total annual cases, and annual rate of admissions by gender. The General G* statistic was calculated to identify significant clustering of municipalities with similar proportions of hospital admissions for pneumonia relative to overall hospital admissions. Results: pneumonia was the leading cause of admissions for respiratory disease, accounting for 57% of all cases and occurring with greater frequency in the rainy season (February to June) and in cities with lower socioeconomic indicator values. The rate of admissions decreased over the study period. Significant clusters (p<0.05) of municipalities with high proportions of hospital admissions for pneumonia relative to overall hospital admissions occurred predominantly in the south of the state, while clusters with low propor-tions were located mainly in and around the metropolitan region of the state capital São Luís. Conclusions: pneumonia was shown to be a key cause of hospitalization in children and its distribution was associated with contextual socioeconomic factors, reflecting the quality of life and health status of children in Maranhão.
Adverse outcomes of childbirth in high-risk maternity hospitals
Authors: Oliveira Thais da Costa , Lucena Tâmara Silva de , Silva Jovânia Marques de Oliveira e , Nagliate Patrícia de Carvalho , Veríssimo Regina Célia Sales Santos , Sales Maria Lucélia da Hora
Published: May 2020

Abstract Objectives: to analyze adverse outcomes in teaching maternity hospitals in Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil. Methods: a cross-sectional, retrospective and analytical study was carried out with a random sample of 480 medical records of postpartum women in 2016 using the Adverse Outcome Index: in-hospital maternal death, neonatal in-hospital death> 2500g and> 37 weeks, uterine rupture, unplanned maternal admission to intensive care unit, delivery trauma to the newborn, return to the operating room, admission to an intensive neonatal unit with >2500g and > 37 weeks for more than one day, Apgar <7 at the fifth minute, maternal hemotransfusion and fourth-degree perineal laceration. The data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences software version 22.0. Results: the results showed a 21% rate of adverse outcomes, at a rate of 26.4 for every 1,000 births, with a greater occurrence of neonatal intensive care admission with>2500g and>37 weeks for more than one day (52. 5%), maternal blood transfusion (20.8%) and unplanned maternal admission in intensive care (17.8%). Conclusions: the evaluation of adverse outcomes evidenced a high proportion of births with undesirable results, which allowed the analysis of the outlook of unfavorable outcomes related to safety in maternity wards through the use of indicators.
New mothers and their understanding about breast milk donation
Authors: Buges Naiana Mota , Klinger Karylleila dos Santos Andrade , Pereira Renata Junqueira
Published: May 2020

Abstract Objective: to analyze the understanding of mothers about the donation of human milk. Methods: a qualitative and quantitative study with 13 potential milk donors who answered a sociodemographic and obstetric background questionnaire, as well as a semi-structured interview guide on milk donation. Mothers were approached in the hospital environment, after delivery and the visit of the milk bank. Data were analyzed in Statistical Package for Social Sciences 20.0 and NVivo 11 Starter. Results: the mean age was 24.62 ± 3.95 years; 84.6% had more than eleven years of formal education; 38.5% declared themselves housewives; 46.2% were in a stable union and 76.9% had an income of up to two minimum wages. Most of the mothers (69.2%) experienced previous pregnancy; 76.9% had 6 or more prenatal consultations and 62.5% had previously breastfed. The motivating factors of the donation were altruism; empathy with other mothers; recognition of the primacy of breast milk; the child's understanding of breast milk need; excess milk production and family support. Unawareness of the process, limited time available, and lack of transportation and collection points can make donation difficult. Conclusions: there was a desire for information and support for breastfeeding and donation, which made the donation act complex and distant from reality.
Effect of an educational intervention on the breastfeeding technique on the prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding
Authors: Souza Tâmara Oliveira de , Morais Thaize Estrela do Vale , Martins Camilla da Cruz , Bessa Júnior José de , Vieira Graciete Oliveira
Published: May 2020

Abstract Objectives: to evaluate the effect of an intervention directed to the breastfeeding technique in the prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding in the first month of life. Methods: this is a quasi-randomized intervention study conducted in a public maternity ward accredited in the Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative. The intervention consisted of individual orientations on the breastfeeding technique in the first 48 hours after delivery, with the help of a breast model, doll, and movie. The control group was oriented by researchers about the importance of breastfeeding, and received hospital orientations. Data were collected in the maternity ward, and at the end of the first month in the hospital’s outpatient service by implementing a questionnaire, observing the baby’s breastfeeding technique and examining breasts. Results: the prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding in the first month of life of the infant was 76.6% in the experimental group, and 52.2% in the control group. RR=1.46 (CI95%=1.16-1.84); NNT=4.09; p=0.001. The trained women presented a correct breast-feeding technique in 64.04%, much higher when compared to those who did not receive training (15.11%;RR=4.87[CI95%=2.93-8.34]; NNT=1.96;p<0.001). Conclusions: the use of audiovisual resources, use of instruments (model breast and doll), and type of individualized approach contributed to an increased prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding up to 30 days after delivery.
The effect of foreign investment flow on commonality in liquidity on the Brazilian stock market
Authors: Silva Claudio Pilar , Machado Márcio André Veras
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to analyze the characteristics and determinants of commonality in liquidity in the Brazilian stock market. Since the internationalization of the Brazilian stock market (Bolsa, Brasil, Balcão - B3), the flow of foreign investment in Brazil has increased over the years, except in times of crisis. Thus, the present study argues that, in the Brazilian stock market, commonality in liquidity is partly determined by foreign investor trading. Despite the benefits obtained from foreign resources in the Brazilian stock market, it is important to analyze the effect of this flow of foreign investment into the Brazilian stock market. This paper contributes to the current literature by providing evidence for commonality in liquidity in the Brazilian stock market and by showing its stronger effect in periods of market decline. Therefore, investors pay greater attention to the risk of commonality in their portfolios when executing orders and to their trading timing due to the increase in transaction costs of the stocks most sensitive to commonality in liquidity. The study sample consisted of a set of companies listed on the Brazilian stock exchange from January 2007 through December 2017. To analyze commonality in liquidity, we used the model proposed by Karolyi, Lee, and Djik (2012) and by Qian, Tam, and Zhang (2014). To measure the influence of foreign investors on the Brazilian stock market, we used three measures based on Gonçalves and Eid (2016). The results showed that commonality occurs in the Brazilian stock market and that it peaks during international financial crises, as well as indicated that commonality might be higher in times of crisis due to capital constraint. In addition, the results showed that foreign investor participation partly determined commonality.
INFLUENCE OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON WORKING CONDITIONS IN THE LATE 21ST CENTURY
Authors: SOUZA PLÍNIO MARCOS BERNARDO DE , CORRÊA MARCELO DE PAULA , TORRES ROGER RODRIGUES , SILVA LUIZ FELIPE
Published: May 2020

Abstract The adverse effects of climate change may affect work conducted outdoors. For this reason, this study seeks to evaluate these effects by comparing South American work capacity under climate conditions between 1979 and 2005, as well as expected future climate scenarios from 2071 to 2100. Thermal stress was estimated using the Environmental Stress Index (ESI), based on atmospheric variables for climate projections from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). The results indicate that, even in favorable climate scenarios, outdoor manual labor capacity will be reduced by 25 to 50% by the end of the 21st century in basically all of South America, especially in the Amazonian regions, parts of the north and northeast of Brazil, and in vast regions from Paraguay to Suriname. There is an overall pessimistic outlook with respect to outdoor working conditions during common labor hours due to increases in the greenhouse effect.
UPSTREAM, DOWNSTREAM: FISHERMEN, RIVER AND RISKS IN LOW SÃO FRANCISCO RIVER
Authors: CARVALHO KLEVERTON MELO DE , SANTOS MARIA ELISABETE PEREIRA DOS , SILVA JULIANE ALVES CABRAL , AZEVEDO ROSA EUNICE ALVES , SANTOS VIRGINIA DE LOURDES CARVALHO DOS
Published: May 2020

Abstract Risk perception is one of the pillars of water management. This text proposes to reflect on the meanings of risk in the life experiences of the fishermen of the Lower São Francisco River, in a scenario of increasing environmental degradation. A phenomenological approach and method were used, whose object are the meanings attributed to the lived experience. The fishermen were interviewed in the municipalities of Piaçabuçu, Alagoas, and Canindé de São Francisco and Propriá, in Sergipe. Three essential structures have been revealed: widespread disbelief; maximization of the sense of risks due to the transposition of river waters; the association between the death of the “Velho Chico” and the cultural death of the riverside communities, as well as their social and economic structures. In this scenario, fishermen place themselves as river watchers, as defenders of this environmental and immaterial heritage.
HISTORY OF SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION IN THE EXPEDITION ALONG THE IPIRANGA STREAM
Authors: PATACA ERMELINDA MOUTINHO , BANDEIRA CAMILA MARTINS DA SILVA
Published: May 2020

Abstract In this article we reflect on the development of an educational fieldwork conducted along the Ipiranga River, in which we bring the debates concerning History of Science and Environmental Education closer together, by problematizing the social and environmental issues in the city of São Paulo in a contextualized and critical way. To that end, we established the limits for the hydrographic basin by highlighting the headwaters of the Ipiranga River and the changes it has undergone, as well as the political, sanitary and environmental meanings throughout the 20th Century. We associated the environmental issues with the history of two important institutions located along the river: The Botanical Garden and the Museu Paulista’s [São Paulo Museum] arboretum. We highlighted the practices, techniques and scientific representations that were developed on the sites, by valuing them as cultural heritage of the Brazilian science.
DECENTRALIZATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL LICENSING AND IMPACT ASSESSMENT IN BRAZIL: LITERATURE AND REGULATORY REVIEWS
Authors: NASCIMENTO THIAGO , ABREU EMANOELE LIMA , FONSECA ALBERTO
Published: May 2020

Abstract Environmental licensing and environmental impact assessment have been increasingly implemented by Brazilian municipalities, which have been historically plagued by problems of institutional capacity. The aim of this article was to critically synthetize the regulations and scientific empirical studies about the decentralized implementation of such tools in Brazilian municipalities, as well as to explore the perception of specialists about this phenomenon. This study adopted a predominantly qualitative and sequential approach, informed by data collected through content analysis of state regulations and a focus group. Overall, findings show that part of the objectives of the 25 reviewed regulations is not clearly reflected in practice. The 53 identified publications corroborate the existence of problems of institutional capacity in municipalities. The focus group revealed that decentralization, despite the challenges, could be a driver of institutional capacity at local administrations. The article highlights the need for capacity-building and institutional innovation, and suggests future avenues of research.
WATER CONSERVATION IN DESERT CITIES: FROM THE SOCIOECOLOGICAL FIX TO GESTURES OF ENDURANCE
Authors: O’NEILL BRIAN F. , BOYER ANNE-LISE
Published: May 2020

Abstract Urban water provision is the archetypal case for the recent wave of urban political ecology, using the concept of “fix” to illustrate belief in technical forms to solve socioecological problems like uneven water distribution and environmental degradation. On the one hand, this paper shows that the risks of water shortages in Arizona, USA are a technical concern. Professionals are dedicated to the promotion of water conservation to “fix” a dysfunctional hydro-social cycle. Yet, environmental organizations raise a critical approach to this “hydrocracy”. They defend local water supplies, river regeneration, and reuse as promoting a low water-use “desert lifestyle”. Building on the intellectual history of “fixes”, we apply Giorgio Agamben’s concept of “gesture”, signaling how, in places of deep water scarcity, water conservation policies remain within notions of growth, such that pauses in water availability leave open future promises of resource abundance so the moment of scarcity can be endured.
Intoxicações e fatores associados ao óbito por agrotóxicos: estudo caso controle, Brasil, 2017
Authors: Okuyama Julia Hiromi Hori , Galvão Taís Freire , Silva Marcus Tolentino
Published: May 2020

Resumo: Introdução: As intoxicações por agrotóxicos causam elevada morbimortalidade. A vigilância é necessária da produção até o uso desses produtos. Objetivo: Analisar as intoxicações e os fatores associados à letalidade por agrotóxicos. Método: Trata-se de estudo caso controle baseado nos atendimentos de intoxicação por agrotóxicos realizados em 2017 por centros de informação e assistência toxicológica do Brasil. Pacientes que evoluíram a óbito compuseram o grupo caso, e os sobreviventes, o grupo controle. Calculou-se odds ratio (OR) dos fatores de risco para óbito, com intervalo de confiança (IC) de 95%. Com base no modelo de regressão, desenvolveu-se um modelo preditivo de morte, estratificado por faixa etária, sexo e contexto ocupacional, para investigação do risco dos trabalhadores agropecuários intoxicados por agentes extremamente tóxicos. Resultados: Identificaram-se 3.826 pacientes intoxicados por agrotóxicos, dos quais 146 evoluíram para óbito. Idosos (OR = 4,94; IC95% 2,49 - 9,80), homens (OR = 1,68; IC95% 1,15 - 2,46), trabalhadores do setor agropecuário (OR = 2,20; IC95% 1,15 - 4,24), tentativas de suicídio (OR = 13,27; IC95% 6,48 - 27,19) e exposição a produtos extremamente tóxicos (OR = 2,77; IC95% 1,84 - 4,16) apresentaram mais chances de óbito nas intoxicações por agrotóxicos. Conclusão: Em cada 100 intoxicações por agrotóxicos, quatro evoluíram para óbito. Idosos, homens, trabalho no setor agropecuário, tentativas de suicídio e produtos extremamente tóxicos apresentaram mais chances de óbito.
Epidemiology and burden of chronic respiratory diseases in Brazil from 1990 to 2017: analysis for the Global Burden of Disease 2017 Study
Authors: Leal Lisiane Freitas , Cousin Ewerton , Bidinotto Augusto Bacelo , Sganzerla Daniel , Borges Rogério Boff , Malta Deborah Carvalho , Ikuta Kevin , Pizzol Tatiane da Silva Dal
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACT: Introduction: In Brazil, little is known about the trends of chronic respiratory diseases, which was estimated as the third leading cause of deaths in 2017 worldwide. Methods: We analyzed Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2017 estimates for prevalence, incidence, mortality, disability-adjusted life years (DALY), a summary measure of years of life lost (YLLs) and years lived with disability (YLDs), and risk factors attributable to chronic respiratory diseases in Brazil from 1990 to 2017. Results: The overall estimates have decreased for all ages and both sexes, and for age-standardized rates. For age-adjusted prevalence, there was a 21% reduction, and nearly 16% reduction for incidence. There was a 42% reduction in mortality for both sexes, though the rate of deaths for men was 30% greater than the rate in women. The increase in the number of DALY was essentially due to the population growth and population ageing. We observed a 34% increase in the absolute number of DALY in Brazil over the study period. The majority of the DALY rates were due to Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). For all ages and both sexes, smoking was the main attributable risk factor. Conclusion: In Brazil, although mortality, prevalence and incidence for chronic respiratory diseases have decreased over the years, attention should be taken to the DALYs increase. Smoking remained as the main risk factor, despite the significant decrease of tobacco use, reinforcing the need for maintenance of policies and programs directed at its cessation.
VERTENTES EPISTEMOLÓGICAS DAS POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS: ENTRE AS ANÁLISES DESCRITIVA E PRESCRITIVA
Authors: Ramacciotti Bárbara Lucchesi , Bernardino Marjorie Cristina da Cruz
Published: May 2020

Resumo Este artigo é uma pesquisa que visa a demonstrar a relevância do debate epistemológico para compreender as bases teóricas, vertentes e tipos de metodologia de análise que balizam o campo das políticas públicas, com base em revisão de literatura de autores clássicos como Putnam, Arretche, Farah, Secchi e Howlett. O estudo demonstra que a distinção entre fato e valor é importante para compreender a diferença entre a análise teórico-descritiva e a análise aplicada-prescritiva de políticas públicas, assim como a polêmica entre as vertentes positivistas e pós-positivistas que marcou a virada argumentativa a partir de 1990. Conclui-se que a compreensão das questões epistemológicas é de grande relevância para fundamentar metodologias de análise.
DIMENSÃO SOCIOPROFISSIONAL DA FORMAÇÃO DOCENTE: APORTES TEÓRICOS E PROPOSIÇÕES
Authors: Sarti Flavia Medeiros
Published: May 2020

Resumo O artigo focaliza a dimensão socioprofissional da formação docente a partir de pressupostos ligados à Sociologia da Prática e à Sociologia do Conhecimento. Confere centralidade aos conceitos de habitus e de geração, assumindo-os como princípios unificadores da prática dos professores e propondo sua articulação com preceitos do desenvolvimento profissional docente. A discussão é amparada por revisão de literatura sobre processos envolvidos na aprendizagem e no desenvolvimento profissional dos professores. Conclui que uma formação profissional docente em nível universitário requer a alternância com a escola e o envolvimento de equipes pluricategorias de formadores, nas quais professores experientes assumam lugar, inclusive no acompanhamento formativo dos futuros professores.
Controlled release fertilizer used for the growth of Campomanesia aurea seedlings
Authors: Emer Aquélis Armiliato , Winhelmann Mara Cíntia , Tedesco Marília , Fior Claudimar Sidnei , Schafer Gilmar
Published: May 2020

Abstract Campomanesia aurea is a sub-shrub species native to the Pampa Biome, popularly known as “guabirobinha-do-campo”. It has an ornamental potential for use in pots or gardens due to its small size, irregular shape, intense flowering and aroma. One of the main factors for production is an adequate use of fertilizers and balanced fertilizations. The objective was to evaluate the growth of seedlings and nutrient leaf accumulation of C. aurea submitted to doses of controlled release fertilizer (CRF). C. aurea seedlings were transplanted to containers containing composted pinus bark and CRF doses of 0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 and 10.0 g L−1. Height, chlorophyll index, number of stems, base diameter, leaf area, Dickson Quality Index, shoot dry matter, root dry matter and nutrient leaf accumulation were evaluated. For height, base diameter and number of stems, the point of maximum response was at the concentration 6.8, 6.6 and 6.9 g L−1 CRF, respectively. For shoot dry matter, leaf area and chlorophyll, we verified increase up to the concentration 8.1, 7.8 and 8.0 g L−1, respectively. There was a positive quadratic behavior for most nutrients, with the exception of Cu and Mn, which linearly increased with the increase of fertilizer dose. The application of CRF on C. aurea seedlings between 7 and 8 g L−1 substrate promoted an increase on the main growth characteristics of ornamental importance and provides superior results on nutrient leaf content.
Rooting of azalea cuttings of Otto and Terra Nova cultivars treated with auxin and boron
Authors: Bezerra Amanda Kelly Dias , Ferraz Marcos Vieira , Pivetta Kathia Fernandes Lopes , Nogueira Marina Romano , Mazzini-Guedes Renata Bachin
Published: May 2020

Abstract Azalea (Rhododendron simsii Planch.) is an ornamental plant native to China, propagated commercially by cuttings and cultivated in Brazil due to the beauty of its flowers. However, it presents rooting difficulties, which can lead to a reduction in the commercial production of these seedlings. Thus, the application of plant regulators is necessary to achieve rooting success as well as of nutrients that are involved in biochemical and physiological plant processes. This work aimed to evaluate the rooting performance of Otto and Terra Nova azalea herbaceous cuttings treated with indolebutyric acid (IBA) and boron. The experiments were conducted at a private property specialized in the production of potted azalea, located in Holambra County, São Paulo State, Brazil, and the evaluations were carried out at the Plant Seed Laboratory of the Crop Production Department, São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, Jaboticabal. The experimental design for each experiment with each cultivar was completely randomized. The treatments were arranged in a 4x4 factorial scheme (IBA concentrations x boron concentrations) with four replications and 10 cuttings per replication. The evaluation was performed six weeks after experiment beginning. Auxin and boron did not influence rooting percentage of cuttings of both cultivars. However, Otto cultivar presented a better-quality root system when cuttings were treated with 2,000 mg L−1 IBA in the absence of boron.
Assessment of designed landscapes and their management practices in selected capital cities in Nigeria
Authors: Owolabi Christiana Olusola , Ogunsajo Oluwole Olawale , Bodunde Jacob Goke , Olubode Olusegun Olufemi
Published: May 2020

Abstract Landscape practices and business engagement have great potentials to uplift city status to either that of developed, under-developed or developing. Among the accruing benefits, are the value added to style of living, improved health status by way of alleviation of stress and development of a buoyant economy through financial in flow from provision of job opportunities and payment to garden owners for relaxation services rendered. A study was conducted to assess the landscape practices potentials and status of selected cities across different geo-political axis of Nigeria. The cities assessed included Abuja, Benin City, Ibadan, Lagos, and Calabar. Assessment was done with the aid of a structured questionnaire that cut across demography, purpose of landscaping, types of landscape materials, and type of maintenance routines. Data collected were analysed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS). Results showed that most people engaged in landscape business had tertiary education, were males and young in age. The specific purposes for the establishment of landscapes for the city ranged from purely aesthetics only, recreation, relaxation centres and business and recreation centres only. Landscape properties which included private/public properties, recreation centres, social parks/gardens, and schools ranged in sizes from small to large hectares. Selected cities at different pedestals in their landscape practices potentials needed awareness campaign for improved development of city potential. In conclusion, thriving landscape business improved the livelihood of the city dwellers through employment opportunities, promotion of private owned businesses and increased the knowledge of landscape practices skills.
O LUGAR DO EDUCANDO COMO OUTRO NA ATUAÇÃO DO EDUCADOR-BACHAREL
Authors: Barros Conceição de Maria Pinheiro
Published: May 2020

RESUMO Esta investigação tem como objetivo discutir o lugar do educando na atuação do educador-bacharel universitário, na perspectiva da ética da alteridade radical. Foi realizada pesquisa qualitativa com 37 docentes-bacharéis de uma universidade pública. Fundamentando-se na bricolagem científica, recorreu-se às técnicas de questionário, entrevista compreensiva e roda de conversa. Por meio de análise do conteúdo e análise compreensiva do discurso, constatou-se que o educador-bacharel universitário pode assumir a responsabilidade pelo educando no centro do processo educativo e contribuir para o desenvolvimento de futuros profissionais responsáveis e éticos.
DA CAVERNA À SALA ESCURA: O SONHO DE UM GESTO
Authors: Almansa Sandra Espinosa , Fischer Rosa Maria Bueno
Published: May 2020

RESUMO Neste artigo, discutimos a questão da espectatorialidade, especialmente em relação à educação e ao tema da subjetividade. A partir da experiência cinematográfica do documentário A caverna dos sonhos esquecidos, de Werner Herzog, e dos estudos de Marie-José Mondzain a respeito do Homo spectator, o texto procura pensar, ensaisticamente, os modos pelos quais o olhar do espectador mobiliza consigo a criação do sujeito. Trata-se de propor um diálogo entre filosofia e cinema, problematizando a relação sujeito-espectador, neste presente em que vivemos e, sobretudo, no campo da educação..
Remendo novo em roupa velha? SINAES de maturidade ou de saturação do modelo de avaliação do ensino superior brasileiro
Authors: Pereira Cleber Augusto , Araújo Joaquim Filipe Ferraz Esteves , Machado-Taylor Maria de Lourdes
Published: May 2020

RESUMO Estudo aplicado ao contexto da avaliação externa do ensino superior do Brasil. Foram discutidas as recentes reformas no contexto do modelo de avaliação brasileiro (2016-2018). O novo cenário é explicado com base no mapeamento conceitual com um diagrama visual, permitindo a visão sistêmica da aplicação dos novos indicadores de qualidade relativos aos estudantes e do novo modelo de recrutamento de avaliadores do ensino superior. Realizou-se uma análise longitudinal de onze anos dos resultados das ações da avaliação externa do modelo (2004-2014), que antecedeu o início da reforma. A análise cruzou os dados das avaliações in loco com microdados das avaliações do Exame Nacional de Desempenho dos Estudantes. A metodologia de investigação utilizou a triangulação, com combinação de múltiplos métodos qualitativos e quantitativos. Os resultados destacam a capacidade de resposta do modelo em um cenário massificado que apresentou uma média anual de 3.500 ações avaliativas externas envolvendo visitas de avaliadores.
Seroprevalence of IgG and IgM anti-SARS-CoV-2 among voluntary blood donors in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Authors: Amorim Filho Luiz , Szwarcwald Célia Landmann , Mateos Sheila de Oliveira Garcia , Leon Antonio Carlos Monteiro Ponce de , Medronho Roberto de Andrade , Veloso Valdiléa Gonçalves , Lopes Josiane Iole França , Porto Luis Cristovão de Moraes Sobrino , Chieppe Alexandre , Werneck Guilherme Loureiro
Published: May 2020

Background: In Brazil, mathematical models for deriving estimates and projections of COVID-19 cases have been developed without data on asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection. We estimated the seroprevalence of antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 among blood donors in the State of Rio de Janeiro.
Methods: Data were collected on 2,857 blood donors from April 14 to 27, 2020. We report the crude prevalence of antibodies to SARS-CoV-2, the weighted prevalence by the total state population, and adjusted prevalence estimates for test sensitivity and specificity. To establish the correlates of SARS-CoV-2 prevalence, we used logistic regression models. The analysis included period and site of blood collection, sociodemographic characteristics, and place of residence.
Results: The proportion of SARS-Cov-2 positive tests without any adjustment was 4.0% (95% CI 3.3-4.7%), and the weighted prevalence was 3.8% (95% CI 3.1-4.5%). Further adjustment by test sensitivity and specificity produced lower estimates, 3.6% (95% CI 2.7-4.4%) and 3.3% (95% CI 2.6-4.1%), respectively. The variable most significantly associated with the crude prevalence was the period of blood collection: the later the period, the higher the prevalence. Regarding socio-demographic characteristics, the younger the blood donors, the higher the prevalence, and the lower the educational level, the higher the odds of a positive SARS-Cov-2 antibody. Similar results were found for the weighted prevalence.
Discussion: Although our findings resulted from a convenience sample, they match some basic premises: the increasing trend over time, since the epidemic curve in the state is still on the rise; the higher prevalence among the youngest who are more likely to circulate; and the higher prevalence among the less educated as they have more difficulties in following the social distancing recommendations. Despite the study limitations, it is possible to infer that protective levels of natural herd immunity to SARS-CoV-2 are far from being reached in Rio de Janeiro.
Spectral Analysis of Non-selfadjoint Second Order Difference Equation with Operator Coefficient
Authors: MUTLU Gökhan , KIR ARPAT Esra
Published: May 2020

In this paper, we consider the discrete Sturm-Liouville operator generated by second order difference equation with non-selfadjoint operator coefficient. This operator is the discrete analogue of the Sturm-Liouville differential operator generated by Sturm-Liouville operator equation which has been studied in detail. We find the Jost solution of this operator and examine its asymptotic and analytical properties. Then, we find the continuous spectrum, the point spectrum and the set of spectral singularities of this discrete operator. We finally prove that this operator has a finite number of eigenvalues and spectral singularities under a specific condition.
Optimization of Axial Misalignment due to Glass Drilling by Statistical Methods
Authors: HARMANCI Faruk , OZTURK Sabri
Published: May 2020

Flat glass has a significant utilization in the domestic appliances sector. Drilling of glass is frequently used in the white goods sector. In this research, the glass drilling method is explained in detail, the determined axial misalignment values using the tool rotation speed and the feed rate were investigated. The drilling operation with its parameters must be optimized precisely, in order to have good control over the productivity, quality, and cost aspect of the application. Using the Ø18.3 mm drill tool, drilling process was performed with different rotation speeds (rpm) and feed rates (mm/sec). The impressions of drilling parameter on output variable were investigated using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Probabilistic uncertainty analysis based on Monte Carlo simulation was carried out. According to the results, the suggested model and optimization method could be used for estimating axial misalignment and this investigation is reliable and proper for figuring out the problems met in machining operations. Furthermore, Monte Carlo simulations were obtained quite effective for identification of the uncertainties in axial misalignment that could not be possible to be caught by deterministic ways. The optimum axial misalignment value was found to be 0.11823 mm.
Real Effects of Uncertainty: Evidence from Brexit
Authors: Orak Musa , Lipinska Anna
Published: May 2020

In the historic Brexit referendum on June 23, 2016, U.K. citizens voted in favor of leaving the European Union (EU), a result that created substantial uncertainty regarding the future economic relationship between the United Kingdom and the EU. As can be seen in Figure 1, uncertainty, measured by the Economic and Policy Uncertainty (EPU) index of Baker et al. (2016), spiked around the Brexit referendum date and has remained elevated relative to its pre-referendum levels since then.
Многолетние колебания температуры поверхности Мирового океана в связи с изменениями геомагнитной активности
Authors: Шерстюков Борис Георгиевич , Переведенцев Юрий Петрович
Published: May 2020

Цель. Предполагалось получить оценки связи колебаний температуры поверхности Мирового океана с изменениями геомагнитной активности с учетом пространственно-временных особенностей. Методы. Применялся метод асинхронного корреляционного анализа связи температуры океана в узлах географической сетки с изменениями геомагнитной активности за 1868-2018 годы. Результаты. Положительные корреляции температуры с геомагнитной активностью обнаружены на Антарктическом течении в районе пересечения им Восточно-Тихоокеанского поднятия дна океана (запаздывание 32-33 года), а также на пересечении Антарктическим течением южного окончания Срединно-Атлантического хребта (запаздывание 22-26 лет) и в узком месте между Австралией и Антарктидой (запаздывание около 30 лет). Такие же высокие корреляции получены в центральной экваториальной части Тихого океана, в том районе, в котором появляются Эль-Нинье и Ла-Нинье (запаздывание около 43 лет), и в районе Южного колебания (запаздывание 42-44 лет). Отрицательные корреляции обнаружены в Мексиканском заливе (запаздывание 35-36 лет), в районе пересечения Северо-Атлантическим течением Срединно-Атлантического хребта (запаздывание 32-34 года) и в районе пересечения Бенгельским течением Китового подводного хребта (запаздывание 37-39 лет). В Тихом океане отрицательные корреляции обнаружились в районе пересечения Северо-Тихоокеанским течением Северо-Западного подводного хребта (запаздывание 39-44 года) и вблизи прохождения Восточно-Австралийским течением островов Полинезии (запаздывание 37-39 лет). Выводы. В районах основных океанических течений обнаружены тесные связи изменения температуры поверхности океана с возмущениями магнитного поля Земли. Предполагается воздействие на течения электрических токов, которые возникают в океане при магнитных бурях по аналогии с известными явлениями в магнитосфере и ионосфере. Запаздывание изменений температуры на поверхности объясняется временем передачи возмущений с больших глубин океана на поверхность.