bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kemampuan Pemilihan Karier Siswa Kelas IX SMPN 1 Bandung
Authors: Fadzan Firana , Budiamin Amin , Ramdhani Rina Nurhudi
Published: July 2023

Career selection is a way, a person's efforts in taking one of the many jobs that give hope for success and in accordance with what is desired. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of ability in choosing a career in class IX junior high school students. The method used in this research is a cross-sectional survey. The research data was obtained from a career selection ability instrument using a Likert scale with four alternative answer choices. The instrument used is the career selection ability instrument developed by Atsnawi which consists of 47 statement items and has been declared valid based on the correlation coefficient value above 0.34. The data analysis technique uses score interpretation with ordinal categorization norms, namely low, medium, and high to determine the level of students' career selection ability. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the career choice ability of class IX students of SMP Negeri 1 Bandung is in the medium category. This shows that class IX students of SMP Negeri 1 Bandung are already able to choose, determine, and plan their careers for life in the future. ____________________________________________________________ Pemilihan karier adalah cara, upaya seseorang dalam mengambil satu di antara banyaknya pekerjaan yang memberikan harapan untuk sukses dan sesuai dengan yang diinginkan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui tingkat kemampuan pemilihan karier pada siswa SMP kelas IX. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah survei cross-sectional. Data penelitian diperoleh dari instrumen kemampuan pemilihan karier yang menggunakan skala likert dengan empat pilihan alternatif jawaban. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah instrumen kemampuan pemilihan karier yang dikembangkan oleh Atsnawi yang terdiri dari 47 item pernyataan dan sudah dinyatakan valid berdasarkan nilai koefisien korelasi di atas 0,34. Teknik analisis data menggunakan interpretasi skor dengan norma kategorisasi ordinal, yaitu rendah, sedang, dan tinggi untuk mengetahui tingkat kemampuan pemilihan karier peserta didik. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa kemampuan pemilihan karier siswa kelas IX SMP Negeri 1 Bandung berada pada kategori sedang. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa, siswa-siswa kelas IX SMP Negeri 1 Bandung sudah mampu untuk memilih, menentukan, dan merencanakan kariernya untuk kehidupan di masa yang akan datang.
Komparasi Kinerja AC Kendaraan dengan Menggunakan Refrigeran R-134a, dan R-290
Authors: Hindratmo Dimas Bayu , Condro Purnomo Bagiyo , Satrio Wicaksono Akbar , Habibi Ilham
Published: July 2023

The development of vapor compression refrigeration systems currently depends on the issue of environmental problems related to ozone layer depletion (ODP) and global warming potential (GWP). In addition to environmental issues, low energy use is also in the spotlight of researchers. To solve the problem of refrigeration development, natural refrigeration, especially hydrocarbons, is the focus of attention. Hydrocarbons are refrigerants that have excellent properties to be natural refrigerants. This study aims to compare the performance of refrigerant R-134a with R-290. The research used a standard vapor compression refrigeration system with a TEV-type expansion valve. The system performance is seen through compression, refrigeration effect, and COP with variations in compressor rotational speed of 1000 rpm, 1500 rpm, and 2000 rpm. The results showed that the compression work, refrigeration effect, and coefficient of performance (COP) of R-290 had a more excellent value. R-290 produces the highest compression work at a 2000 rpm compressor speed of 33.34 kJ/kg for the refrigeration effect at 1000 rpm of 353.33 kJ/kg and COP at 1500 rpm 12.32.
Analisis Pemilihan Supplier Bahan Baku Kertas dengan Metode Analytical Hierarchy Process Menuju E-Supply Chain Management di PT Papertech Indonesia Unit II
Authors: Aman Moehamad , Yuliyani Yuliyani , Arifatul Fatimah Yun
Published: July 2023

Papertech Indonesia merupakan pabrik kertas daur ulang (recycled paper) dengan memproduksi beberapa jenis kertas seperti Chip Board, Super Chipboard, Core A dan Core B. Bahan baku utama dalam produksi adalah Old Corugated Container (OCC) dan Mix Waste (MW). Dalam memenuhi kebutuhan produksi, selama 12 hari perusahaan harus menyediakan bahan baku utama sebanyak 360.000 kg yang dipenuhi oleh empat supplier. Dalam pengelolaanya timbul permasalahan berkaitan dengan belum optimalnya performa supplier yang mengakibatkan ketidaktepatan jumlah bahan baku yang dipasok ke perusahaan dan sering terjadi keterlambatan pengiriman bahan baku. Permasalahan yang lain adalah belum adanya standar kriteria kualitas bahan baku dan standar harga yang ditetapkan oleh perusahaan sehingga kualitas bahan baku tidak terjamin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memilih supplier bahan baku kertas terbaik dengan menggunakan model kriteria quality, cost, delivery, flexibility, resposiveness dan membuat model e-supply chain management untuk mempermudah pemilihan supplier secara otomatis. Hasil studi pustaka dan brainstorming dengan perusahaan menghasilkan lima kriteria dan dua belas subkriteria yang dipertimbangkan dalam menentukan supplier terbaik di PT Papertech Indonesia. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) untuk menghitung skala rasio dan bobot masing-masing kriteria dan subkriteria dari supplier. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa supplier Sawah Besar menjadi prioritas pertama dalam pemilihan supplier dengan bobot 0.4483, disusul supplier UD Sregep dengan bobot 0.2123, kemudian supplier Cahyo Kertas dengan bobot 0.2084 dan yang terakhir adalah supplier Fada Indonesia dengan bobot 0.1320. Hasil pembobotan AHP digunakan untuk mendesain model e-supply management. Dengan model pengembangan E-SCM dapat memudahkan bagian purchasing dalam pembelian bahan baku.
Poland - National regulation on processing data for scientific research purposes and biobanking activities
Authors: Osiejewicz Joanna , Shapovalova Olha V. , Ivanii Olena М. , Kolyshkin Oleksandr V. , Gvozdetska Svitlana V.
Published: July 2023

Biobanks raise great hopes for future research that can help understand many diseases and find ways to treat them. The purpose of the article is to study the legislative acts regulating the activities of biobanks in Poland and to formulate recommendations for improving the legal regulation of biobanking. For the purpose, tasks, object, and subject of research, both general scientific and special methods of scientific knowledge were used in the work. General scientific methods (dialectical; system analysis; formal-logical) are fundamental legal techniques, and means of research. To improve the current legislation of Poland, the following can be proposed. Develop a legal framework that regulates the legality of obtaining samples of human biological materials (both normal and pathologically altered) for submission to the biobank in Poland. Regulate at the legislative level the requirements regarding the organizational and legal form of the creation of a biobank, the legal basis of its functioning, the form of ownership, and financing. Thus, the creation of an effective system of biobanks in Poland with systematic collections of biological samples obtained from people with various diseases, their storage in appropriate conditions, the development of internal documentation and standard operating procedures, taking into account both the ethical and legal components, is of key importance for the formation and development of domestic science, development of innovative medicines, methods of diagnosis and monitoring of diseases.
Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (H5N1) in Humans after the emergence of clade 2.3.4.4b in 2020.
Authors: Stone Haley , Notaras Adriana , Chen Rosalie , Edgeworth Jared , Quigley Ashley
Published: July 2023

The highly pathogenic avian influenza virus A (HPAI) H5N1 was first identified in a farmed goose in 1996 from China. High pathogenic avian influenza viruses cause severe disease in poultry and represent a smaller proportion of avian influenzas). In 2008, the H5Nx acquired the function to reassort its neuraminidase (N) and created the 2.3.4.4 H5Nx clade. Initial outbreaks of 2.3.4.4b began in H5N8 and H5N6 in 2016. However, in 2020, whole genome sequencing (WGS) conducted in the Netherlands detected a new H5N1 clade, 2.3.4.4b in wild birds along the Adriatic flyway, which reassorted from H5N8 2.3.4.4b clade.  

Currently, the 2.3.4.4b HPAI H5N1 outbreak is the dominant circulating strain in the panzootic outbreak. This clade has been responsible for large outbreaks within avian species and spillover into human cases has occurred. The earliest reported human case was in 2021. The reported human cases of this clade have been within the United Kingdom (UK), the United States (US), China, Spain, Vietnam, Ecuador, and Chile.
DEVELOPMENT OF RECREATIONAL NATURE USE IN UKRAINE UNDER EUROPEAN INTEGRATION CONDITIONS: FUNCTIONAL AND MANAGEMENT ASPECT
Authors: Zaverbnyj Andrij
Published: July 2023

The article examines the peculiarities of the development of recreational nature use in Ukraine under the conditions of European integration. A review and analysis of literary sources on the problem of defining the essence of the concept of "recreation" was carried out, which made it possible to define this term as "restoration of the physical, psycho-emotional forces of a person through active/passive activity with voluntarily allocated time, money, and other resources for this process."

The functional-management aspect of the development of recreational nature use in Ukraine under the conditions of European integration is analyzed. The key principles of the formation, formation and further development of recreational nature use in Ukraine from the functional side are highlighted. A functional approach to the development of recreational nature use is proposed. A typology of the functions of recreational nature use has been developed, detailing their essence and meaning.

Each of the considered functional groups is associated with certain spheres of human activity, although there are no clear boundaries between them due to the interconnectedness of all social needs. Having identified and developed a classification of the types of functions of recreational nature use, it is proposed to implement them through a system of purposeful management by using recreational facilities, lands, other resources of Ukraine of a recreational nature, etc. the dynamics of investment in the recreational sphere were analyzed, the variability of its volumes, caused primarily by the instability of the financial support of this type of activity, was revealed.

The role and significance of the recreational sphere and recreational nature use in society will be revealed through a wide range of its effects, namely: economic, social, cultural, ecological, international, informational, etc.
CURRENT TRENDS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE HOUSING FUND IN UKRAINE
Authors: Dubyna Maksym , Zabashtanskyi Maksym
Published: July 2023

The study emphasizes certain prerequisites that create significant obstacles in the development of the housing stock in Ukraine. The analysis of the latest researches and publications proved the high interest of scientists in the study of trends and problematic aspects of the establishment and development of state housing policy. An analysis of the state and trends of the housing stock, its provision with the necessary equipment was carried out, and it was concluded that despite the fairly significant volumes of housing construction in Ukraine, which were characteristic especially for 2010-2012, the country’s total housing stock over the past 20 years (2000-2020) has practically not changed. In the structure of the domestic housing stock, the urban housing stock dominates – 61.6% in 2020. However, its share decreased slightly during the analysed period. In general, the predominance of urban housing stock is a natural characteristic. Indicators of the provision of the population of the regions of Ukraine with the housing fund have been calculated. It is positive that the growth of both the total area of residential premises and the directly residential area of residential premises in 2019-2021 is typical for the vast majority of regions of Ukraine. It was emphasized that the amount of dilapidated housing stock in both Ukraine and its regions remains large (in terms of physical indicators). As of 2020, this figure was 3.3 million m2 in the country as a whole, and in some regions it was from 100 to 300 thousand m2. The situation in such regions of our country as Kharkiv (712.8 thousand m2), Odesa (329.2 thousand m2), Vinnytsia (221.4 thousand m2), Donetsk (236.4 thousand m2) and Poltava region (201.5 thousand m2) should be considered especially critical. It is suggested that the main vectors of the state housing policy include increasing the level of housing affordability for the population, development of the housing market, formation and development of housing policy infrastructure
FORMULATION OF THE MARKETING PRICE POLICY OF THE ENTERPRISE TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE PSYCHOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF PRICE PERCEPTION
Authors: Ratushnyak Olga , Glushenko Larisa
Published: July 2023

This study aims to explore the main objectives of marketing price policy and the various pricingstrategies available to achieve these objectives. The research distinguishes between two types ofprices in marketing price policy: basic price, which is seller-oriented, and fair price, which isbuyer-oriented. Additionally, the study differentiates between price policy and pricemanagement policy, with the former involving setting the maximum price for the product and itspositioning, and the latter maintaining actual prices and regulating conditional prices through discounts and price discrimination.

The research delves into an extensive analysis of different marketing pricing strategies, such aspricing above or below market prices, pricing based on competitors or consumer properties, pricing based on demand dynamics, pricing with discounts, special conditions, and price tiers, and the strategies of penetrating prices and psychological pricing.

Furthermore, the study identifies three main objectives that a well-formulated pricing policy should achieve: achieving the company №9, financial objectives, meeting market realities, andsupporting product positioning, quality, and distribution. The research also highlights thepsychological effects that must be considered when forming marketing price policies. Theseinclude the effect of tying a cheap product to an expensive one, the Weber-Fechner law, the useof the number 9 to sell products better, the combination of frequently purchased products, theimportance of details in advertising, and the emphasis on benefit or pleasure. Additionally, thestudy emphasizes the use of the word “free”; the focus on time spent or saved, the taboo on unjustified price comparison, the power of context, testing different price levels, and the impact of price tag matters and likeness on sales.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE AS A FACTOR IN THE SUCCESS OF ENTREPRENEURIAL ACTIVITY
Authors: Stanislavsky Olena , Vlasenko Tetiana , Kozak Kateryna , Demchenko Oleksandr
Published: July 2023

Modern conditions of uncertainty and global challenges require managers and business representatives to make rapid changes and use the latest technologies to form competitive advantages, which are often impossible without taking into account the quality and skills of personnel.

The purpose of the study is to determine the features of the development of emotional intelligence in modern conditions and its impact on the success of entrepreneurial activities.

Emotional intelligence has recently become an increasingly important factor in the success of entrepreneurial activity. For its effective use, you need to develop social skills that should be available to managers, employees, and team members. On the basis of the conducted research, it can be concluded that difficult times and global challenges comprehensively affected the actualization of the emotional side of management. Ensuring employee satisfaction with their work becomes a significant problem in business. It was found that failure to meet various needs of employees (most often material) and lack of care for the team lead the list of reasons for dismissals. Therefore, the moral and emotional side of conducting business is a key factor in the success of entrepreneurial activity, which has its own characteristics in the period of formation of new values and opportunities of digital technologies. It has been proven that in Ukraine there is a wide selection of tools for the development of emotional intelligence, which differ in the form of organization of training, the number of participants and possible results. Most of the tools are based on the approach and principles of coaching, which will allow you to use its advantages and contribute to the improvement of the work of employees.

A comparative analysis of the list of key skills of managers necessary to achieve success according to the data of the World Economic Forum was carried out. Its results can provide a basis for the career development of a working person, the initial choice of the direction of professional training, personnel development planning, or even the choice (change) of the type of activity in the business sphere as a whole.
On statistical limit points with respect to power series methods and modulus functions
Authors: SÜMBÜL Canan , BELEN Cemal , YILDIRIM Mustafa
Published: July 2023

In this study, we define a new type of statistical limit point using the notions of statistical convergence with respect to the $J_p$ power series method and then we present some examples to show the relations between these points and ordinary limit points. After that we also study statistical limit points of a sequence with the help of a modulus function in the sense of the $J_p$ power series method. Namely, we define $f-J_p$-statistical limit and cluster points of the real sequences and compare the set of these limit points with the set of ordinary points.
A study on using robust hedonic regression implementation
Authors: GÖREN Serdar Cihat , ARSLAN Olcay
Published: July 2023

This article aims to determine the features affecting the price of a product with the hedonic regression model and to estimate the contribution of each feature to the price by using robust regression estimation methods. For the analysis, the price and feature information of the laptop product group were obtained from the big data source by using the web scraping method. Four alternatives of the hedonic regression model are used to determine the features affecting the price of the laptops. The contribution of each feature to the laptop price is estimated by using the robust (Huber M-estimator) estimation method and the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) estimation method, and the resulting estimates are compared for both methods. In the framework of the data set used in the study, it is observed that the effective model is the Logarithmic Robust Hedonic Regression Model.
Struggle for the Roman Inheritance: St. Emperor Justinian and King Theodoric
Authors: Задорнов А.
Published: July 2023

В статье прослеживается разница в отношении классического римского наследия между византийским василевсом св. Юстинианом Великим и королём остготов Теодорихом. Эта разница проявляется как в официальной риторике, так и в правовом творчестве этих правителей. Именно нежелание Теодориха активно вводить римские правовые элементы в законодательство своего государства стало одной из причин неудачи интеграции италиков (коренного латинского населения) в структуры остготского королевства. Будучи зеркальным отражением «византийского синтеза» (с его элементами – римским правом, греческим языком, православным христианством), государство Теодориха не могло выдержать конкуренции с подлинным наследником Древнего Рима.

The article shows the difference in relation to the classical Roman heritage between the Byzantine Vasileus of St. Justinian the Great and the King of the Ostrogoths Theodoric. This difference is manifested both in official rhetoric and in the legal work of these rulers. It was Theodoric’s unwillingness to actively introduce Roman legal elements into the legislation of his state that became one of the reasons for the failure to integrate the Italians (indigenous Latin population) into the structures of the Ostrogothic kingdom. Being a mirror reflection of the “Byzantine synthesis” (Roman law, Greek language, Orthodoxy), the state of Theodoric could not withstand competition with the true heir to ancient Rome.
Orthodox Teaching About Autocephaly
Authors: Талызин В.И.
Published: July 2023

После возрождения духовных школ Русской Православной Церкви в 40-50-х гг. XX в. акцент в преподавании канонического права в Московской духовной академии делался на темах церковно-государственных отношений и церковной автокефалии, для чего особое внима­ние уделялось изучению канонического наследия Православной Церкви. Примером мо­гут служить записи лекций профессоров МДА 40-60-х гг. С. В. Троицкого и В. И. Талызина, также стремившихся представить Церковь в качестве института sui iuris, даже в услови­ях не просто секулярного, но агрессивно атеистического государства. В Библиотеке МДА содержится машинописная запись отдельных лекций В. Талызина по церковному праву, посвящённых устройству Русской Православной Церкви, браку и т. д. Ниже публикуется запись лекции 1958 г., посвящённой православному учению об автокефалии.

After the revival of the theological schools of the Russian Orthodox Church in the 40-50s. XX century, the emphasis in the teaching of canon law at the Moscow Theological Academy was placed on the themes of church-state relations and church autocephaly, for which special at­tention was paid to the study of the canonical heritage of the Orthodox Church. An example is the recordings of lectures by professors of the MDA of the 40-60s. S.V. Troitsky and V.I. Talyzin, who also sought to represent the Church as an institute of sui iuris even in the conditions of a not just secular, but aggressively atheistic state. The MDA Library contains a typewritten record of in­dividual lectures by V. Talyzin on church law, dedicated to the structure of the Russian Orthodox Church, marriage, etc. Below is a record of a 1958 lecture on the Orthodox doctrine of autocephaly.
Christian Morality and Secular Morality in Ecclesiastical and State Law
Authors: Селезнёв В.Н.
Published: July 2023

Вопрос о соотношении права и морали в нормах как церковного, так и светского права был актуален во все времена. Но особенно остро он поставлен в современном мире в связи с резким падением уровня нравственности общества разных стран, что отражается в государственном праве. Церковное право выступает в роли морально­нравственного ориентира, который должен оказывать положительное влияние на светское право. В данной статье разграничиваются понятия «мораль» и «нравственность», рассматривается такой феномен, как морализация светского права (интеграция норм морали в нормы права), а также приводится анализ соотношения морали и права на примере брачно­семейных отношений и различного подхода к ним со стороны двух правовых систем.

The question of the correlation of law and morality in the regulations of both ecclesiastical and public law has been relevant at all times. But it is especially acute in the modern world in connection with the sharp decline of the level of morality of society in different countries and the subsequent degradation of public relations regulated by state law. Ecclesiastical law acts as a moral reference point, which should have a positive impact on secular law.
Pastoral Views of Priest Anatoly Zhurakovsky and Their Nature in the Light of Church Tradition
Authors: Леонард М.А.
Published: July 2023

В статье рассматриваются взгляды священника Анатолия Жураковского на проблемы проповеди Слова Божия и духовного руководства. Выявляется природа указанных взглядов, а также проводится их анализ на предмет соответствия Священному Преданию Православной Церкви.

The article examines the views of Priest Anatoly Zhurakovsky on the problems of preaching the Word of God and spiritual leadership, namely:– goals, objectives and means;– possible tests and the correct position of the pastor in relation to them;– appropriate pastoral qualities.The nature of these views is revealed, as well as their analysis for compliance with the Sacred Tradition of the Orthodox Church.
St. Filaret of Moscow as a Сanonist
Authors: Тихонов Ф.
Published: July 2023

Личность святителя Филарета привлекательна тем, что он был многосторонне талантлив. Помимо того, что он был глубоким богословом и академическим ученым, он был к тому же замечательным администратором. Надо сказать, что в жизни очень редко можно встретить глубоких ученых, которые были бы одновременно хорошими администрато- рами. Обычно ученые тяготятся управленческой деятельностью. Но не таков был святи- тель Филарет. Ему было дело до всего, что касалось его епархии и вообще церковных дел. Изучая его административную деятельность, невольно задаешься вопросом: как он все это успевал делать… Тем не менее успевал и успевал отменно.

The personality of St. Filaret is attractive because he was multi-talented. Be- sides being a profound theologian and academic scholar, he was also a wonderful administrator. I must say that in life it is very rare to meet deep scientists who would be good administrators at the same time. Usually scientists are burdened with managerial activities. But Saint Filaret was not like that. He cared about everything that concerned his diocese and church affairs in general. Studying his administrative activities, one involuntarily wonders: how he managed to do all this… nevertheless, he managed and managed perfectly.
Design Experience: Rating Plan in the System of Evaluating the Results of Musical Theoretical Knowledge and Singing Skills of Part-time Students of Theological Universities
Authors: Шестакова С.М. , Пантелеева Т.В.
Published: July 2023

Определение качества результатов учебной деятельности студентов вузов представляет определенную проблему, так как многие дисциплины требуют гибкого, комплексного подхода. В статье на примере предмета «Церковное пение» рассматривается опыт проектирования балльно-рейтинговой системы успеваемости, разработанной на пастырско-богословском факультете Московской духовной академии для заочного отделения с применением дистанционных образовательных технологий. Рейтинг-план является инновацией в учебном процессе духовных вузов и используется в работе в качестве эксперимента. Предложенная модель может послужить образцом для аттестации по другим учебным дисциплинам, как в очной, так и заочной форме образования.

Determining the quality of the results of educational activities of university students is a certain problem as far as many disciplines require a ﬂexible, integrated approach. Using the example of the subject “Church Singing”, the article examines the experience of designing a point-rating system of academic performance developed at the Pastoral and Theological Faculty of the Moscow Theological Academy for the correspondence department using distance educational technologies. The rating plan is an innovation in the educational process of spiritual universities and is used in the article as an experiment. The proposed model can be taken as a model for certiﬁcation in other academic disciplines, both in full-time and part-time education.
Boundaries of Ecclesiastical Jurisdi ction in the Canonical Theory of Pope Innocent IV
Authors: Задорнов А.
Published: July 2023

В статье анализируется каноническая теория римского понтифика XIII столетия Иннокентия IV, автора посланий св. кн. Александру Невскому. Один из теоретиков общего права, активный участник конкурентной борьбы средневековых понтификов с претензиями светской власти на лишение Церкви института sui iuris и её подчинения императору папа Иннокентий IV в своих посланиях и трактатах определял те пределы цер- ковной юрисдикции, вынужденный отказ от которых на средневековом Западе привел к упадку института папства в Новое время.

The article analyzes the canonical theory of the 13th century Roman pontiff Innocent IV, the author of the epistles of St. Prince Alexander Nevsky. One of the theorists of common law, an active participant in the competition of medieval pontiffs with claims of secular power to deprive the Church of the institution of sui iuris and its subordination to the emperor, Pope Innocent IV in his messages and treatises determined those limits of church jurisdiction, the forced rejection of which in the medieval West led to the decline of the institution of the papacy in modern times.
Canonical Analysis of the Content of Theatrical art According to the Testimony of the Holy Fathers of the II–IV Centuries
Authors: Чайковский Н.П.
Published: July 2023

В статье рассматриваются вопросы, связанные с историей развития античного театрального искусства и реакцией на него со стороны отцов и учителей Христианской Церкви II–IV вв., как одной из фундаментальных причин негативного отношения Церкви к театру на всём протяжении истории. Осуществлена попытка анализа тех сценических форм и жанров, которые были наиболее распространены в Римской империи в означенный период и дана их каноническая оценка в рамках наиболее интересных и важных церковных правил этого периода.

The article examines issues related to the history of the development of ancient theatrical art and the reaction to it from the prominent fathers and teachers of the Christian Church of the II -nd — IV-th centuries, as one of the fundamental reasons for the negative attitude of the Church towards the theater throughout history. An attempt is made to analyze those stage forms and genres that were most widespread in the Roman Empire during the indicated period and their canonical assessment is given within the framework of the most interesting and important church rules of this period.
Modern Revisions of the Genesis of Republicanism
Authors: Задорнов А.
Published: July 2023

Статья посвящена недавним публикациям на русском языке исследований, посвящённых теориям республики. Особое внимание уделяется кругу авторов Кембриджской школы изучения политической мысли. Рассматриваются как классические теории республиканской традиции, так и их современный извод, в том числе в России.

The article is devoted to recent publications in Russian of studies on the theories of the republic and, in particular, the views of the authors of these theories on state-confessional relations. Both the classical theories of the republican tradition and their modern work, including in Russia, are considered.
Self-efficacy of the individual: a psychological discourse
Authors:   Kryvyi Rih State Pedagogical University, Datsenko О. А.
Published: July 2023

The article is devoted to the problem of self-efficacy, which is particularly acute in our country today. The importance of its research in both theoretical and practical-pragmatic aspects is indicated. An attempt was made to analyze traditional approaches to the problem in both domestic and foreign psychology. A theoretical overview of some traditional and modern concepts of self-efficacy is presented, and various definitive positions regarding the psychological content of the concept are considered. It was found that self-efficacy is a repeatedly verified experience of productive self-realization; a unique and generalized quality in which various mental elements are integrated, including motivation, cognitive components, a sense of confidence, attitude to success, etc. Self-efficacy is considered as a process and a result of self-creation of a person, an indicator of a person’s psychological maturity and competence. The connection of selfefficacy with the concept of “I”, values, meanings, abilities and strategies of proactive behavior is emphasized. The role of self-efficacy in the structure of stress resistance is emphasized. Prospects for further scientific research are outlined. It is noted about the need to create a coherent theoretical model of the study of the phenomenon in the personal paradigm.
Influence of lubricant material in the point contact zone of rolling friction on fatigue life for friction bearing units
Authors: Milanenko A. , Savchuk A. , Turytsia Y.
Published: July 2023

Although lubrication is necessary for the satisfactory operation of rolling bearings, the effect of lubricant on the fatigue life of the bearing has not been sufficiently studied. In recent times, the theory of elastohydrodynamic (EHD) lubrication [1] has been used to explain the different effects of lubricants. According to this theory, the thickness of the lubricating layer separating the moving elements of the bearing is determined by the viscosity-pressure dependence of the lubricant. The contact of surface micron irregularities does not occur if it is possible to maintain a sufficient thickness of the lubricating layer - in this case, the long-term durability of the bearing is ensured. If the film thickness is reduced to a level where surface irregularities are encountered, the fatigue life rapidly decreases with increasing contact frequency. In any case, a comprehensive calculation methodology is needed that would allow to take into account the influence of lubricant on the fatigue life of bearing units.
Nitriding in a cyclically switched glow discharge
Authors: Stechyshyn M.S. , Dykha O.V. , Oleksandrenko V.P. , Stechyshyna N.M.
Published: July 2023

The paper shows the prospects of nitriding in a cyclically switched discharge, the classification of nitriding processes in a glow discharge according to the criteria of the characteristics of the power source is given. A comparison of the advantages and disadvantages of nitriding processes with constant and cyclically switched discharge is given.From a theoretical point of view, the process of nitriding in a cyclically switched glow discharge  is considered based on the concept of an energy model. In accordance with this model, tasks for further theoretical and experimental research are formulated. It is shown that the process of surface modification in a cyclically switched discharge opens up new possibilities associated with variants of the CSD itself, which is characterized by: frequency, period and pulse shape. The implementation of the process of adjusting the switching frequency, pitch - the ratio of the cycle period to the duration of the signal, and the shape of the signal itself opens up wide opportunities to significantly influence the results of surface treatment.

The influence of the shape of the discharge power signal on the kinetics of the nitriding process and its results opens up wide opportunities for studying the process itself. The presence of surges at the beginning and at the end of the cycles can, in principle, significantly affect both the nature of the nitriding process itself and the structure and phase composition of the modified surface layer, since short-term and sufficiently powerful voltage surges should lead to intensive surface sputtering. The destruction of the monolayer of nitrides, which has just formed on the surface, will contribute to the increase of the depth of the nitrided layer due to the diffusion of nitrogen particles, as well as to a certain extent leveling off the blocking effect of the surface nitride layers.
Peran Agribisnis dalam Perekonomian dan Urgensinya Menurut Pandangan al-Qurâ€™an
Authors: Muslimah Muslimah , Abubakar Achmad , Haddade Hasyim
Published: July 2023

This research sets out from the fact that Indonesia is a country that relies on the agribusiness sector to develop the national economic growth. However, oftentimes agribusiness is only seen as a mere business activity, without delving deeply in terms of its relation to religious values, such as the perspective of the Koran. This study aims to describe the important roles of agribusiness in the economy of Indonesian and simultanously to explore its urgency in the view of the Koran. This research applies a qualitative approach with secondary data sources. Based on this study, the descriptions are obtained that the important roles of agribusiness in Indonesian include: as an absorber of a large number of workers, as one of the largest contributors to Indonesia's GDP, the amount of agribusiness imports is very low which benefits local farmers, foreign exchange earners, is an activity eco-friendly economy, as an activity that produces staple food and basic needs for survival, has a multiplier effect, relies on renewable resources, and as a crisis-resistant economic activity. In addition, based on normative studies from the perspective of the Koran, agribusiness has a very important and noble urgency, among others, as an embodiment of the role of the caliph on earth, a means to create the benefit or mashlahah for the people, and as an opportunity to be able to carry out the pillars of Islamic law, namely al-zakÃ¢h.Keywords: Role; Urgency; Agribusiness; EconomyAbstrakPenelitian ini berangkat dari fakta bahwa Indonesia merupakan negara yang mengandalkan sektor agribisnis dalam mengdongkrak pertumbuhan ekonomi nasional. Namun, seringkali agribisnis hanya dipandang sebagai aktifitas bisnis semata, tanpa menggali secara mendalam dari segi keterkaitannya dengan nilai-nilai agama, semisal perspektif Al-Qurâ€™an. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memaparkan peran penting agribisnis dalam perekonomian Indonesia sekaligus menelaah urgensinya dalam pandangan Al-Qurâ€™an. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan sumber data sekunder. Berdasarkan kajian ini, diperoleh deskripsi bahwaÂ  peran penting agribisnis dalam konteks negara Indonesia antara lain: sebagai sebagai penyerap tenaga kerja dengan jumlah besar, sebagai salah satu penyumbang terbesar terhadap PDB Indonesia, jumlah impor agribisnis sangat rendah yang menguntungkan petani lokal, penghasil devisa, merupakan kegiatan ekonomi yang ramah lingkungan, sebagai aktifitas yang menghasil bahan makanan pokok dan kebutuhan pokok bagi keberlangsungan hidup,Â  memiliki efek multiplier, bertumpu pada sumber daya yang dapat diperbaharui dan sebagai kegiatan ekonomi yang tahan krisis. Selain itu, berdasarkan kajian normatif dari sudut pandang Al-Qurâ€™an, agribisnis memiliki urgensi yang amat penting dan mulia antara lain sebagai perwujudan peran khalifah di muka Bumi, sarana untuk menciptakan kemaslahatan umat, dan sebagai kesempatan untuk dapat menjalankan syariat rukun Islam yaitu zakat.Kata kunci: Peran; Urgensi; Agribisnis; Perekonomian
Neo-Islamophobia: A New Western Social Order
Authors: Tariq Muhammad , Iqbal Zafar
Published: July 2023

Traditionally, the term Islamophobia refers to prejudice, racism, and/or securitization which implies that this phenomenon operates at cognitive, cultural, or structural levels. The current researchers anticipate that the term now represents an Islamophobic social order in the West where hatred for Islam and everything related to it appears to be the collective behaviour of the society. This points to a new social reality that goes beyond the psychological problem, now referred to as Islamophobia. Therefore, the researchers have added the prefix "neo" to this term in order to account for Islamophobia's psychosocial nature which manifests itself in discourses and practices. The purpose of this research is to study Islamophobic discourses in the media of two Western societies in order to better understand the nature of Islamophobia in each: the United Kingdom (UK) and the United States (USA). It studies leading articles (that is, 446 in toto) from The Independent and The Washington Post between November 2016 and December 2017, using DHA's analytical framework. This study concludes that traditional "Islamophobia" dominates in the UK context, where Islam is perceived as a threat to Europe's symbolic identity and "Neo-Islamophobia" in the US context, where Islam is seen as a threat to the socio-political order. It also proposes a cyclical process of neo-Islamophobia, beginning with problematizing Islam, and progressing to “otherizing,” racializing, and finally securitizing Muslims. The researchers, however, recommend similar studies in other contexts too.
Religious Hegemony and Vernacular Mosque Architecture: Investigating Authority Differentials, Intra group Dissonance and Acculturation among Chinese Muslims
Authors: Qurrat ul Ain Ayesha
Published: July 2023

This article engages with the role of sacred architecture as an embodiment of the conflicts, within a Chinese Muslim ethnic minority group, determined by the dispute upon religious hegemony. Vernacular architecture of a minority group has significant socio-cultural implications and can serve as a tool to measure its integration in the mainstream society. Through an ethnographic study focusing upon the Hui, a Muslim minority community of Xi’an, in Communist China and their sacred architecture, it indicates that the architectural archetype of a mosque quite precisely concretizes the religious hegemony, intra group dissonance and acculturative or retentionist trends of Hui community. It demonstrates that certain architectural features, such as the presence or absence of minaret and dome or a Chinese styled roof with carved animals, in the mosque clearly mirror the loci of religious authority of its adherents. It proposes that architectural characteristics can play the role of preservers and charters of cultural identity of a minority group and can equivocally serve as symbols of retention or acculturation in the mainstream society. By applying a socio-architectural approach, it is meant to explore that how mosques architecture in today’s China reflects the intra group dissonance of the Hui community and how shifting paradigms of religiously oriented hegemony are working to eradicate the Sino-Muslim historical architectural relics.
Exploring Civilization: Analyzing Siraj Munir’s Conception of Islamic Civilization
Authors: Bin Masood Farid , Arshad Muhammad Rasheed
Published: July 2023

The current study provides the contextual background of the multifaceted and ever-evolving concept of civilization, tracing its origins and evolution in the field of social sciences along with its use in the Islamic context as well as its application in the pre-partition Indian subcontinent. The focus remains on the perspectives of Pakistani scholars regarding the notion of Islamic civilization with a specific emphasis on the ideas of Siraj Munir. The author classified the diverse perspectives of Pakistani scholars into three distinct categories namely materialists, fundamentalists, and idealists. Siraj Munir's views are situated within the idealist category. Through an in-depth analysis, the author provides a comprehensive examination of Munir’s ideas regarding the definition, formation, components, evolution, differences, and rise and fall of civilizations, as well as his articulation of Islamic and Pakistani civilizations. The current study offers a nuanced and critical understanding of the concept of civilization, providing valuable insights for scholars and researchers in the field.
Sharī‘ah Governance and Sharī‘ah Non-Compliance Risk Management: A Maqāsid Sharī‘ah Based Appraisal
Authors: Sheikh Rafiullah , Mohammad Ayaz  , Muhammad Abubakar Siddique
Published: July 2023

The current study aims to explore the Sharī‘ah Governance (SG) and the management of Sharī‘ah Non-Compliance Risk (SNCR) in Islamic Banks (IBs) of Pakistan through the lens of Maqasid Sharī‘ah. For this purpose, the content analysis method was employed on the Sharī‘ah Governance Framework (SGF) issued by the State Bank of Pakistan (SBP), by concerning the related literature. Content analysis revealed that SGF explicitly defined the roles and responsibilities of various organs of SG of IBs towards sharī‘ah compliance. Moreover, the study also revealed that IBs were exposed to SNCR whenever they failed to comply with Sharī‘ah and consequently, SNCR lead to such a situation that threatened the stability and viability of IBs. The findings of this paper suggested that the viability and stability of IBs, as one of Maqāsid Khassah of the Islamic financial system, is being fully realized through different SG mechanisms provided in SGF, which strengthened the overall sharī‘ah compliance environment of IBs in Pakistan. It was  also confirmed that different Maqasid Sharī‘ah , such as transparency, protection and growth of wealth, equity and justice in return distribution, and two dimensions of the well-being of society from the perspective of Maqasid Sharī‘ah , namely, safeguarding religiosity and safeguarding wealthwere being realized through SG mechanisms of IBs in Pakistan.
Possession of Zakāt and Contemporary Outlook: A Review
Authors: Mohd Roslan Mohd Nor  , Hafiz Atif Iqbal  , Hureri Muhammad Akram
Published: July 2023

Zakāt is the basis of Islamic revenue collection. It aims to create a self-supporting society where everyone can fulfill their basic necessities. This study examines the most significant aspect of Zakāt, that is, the issue of its possession or tamlīk. In the Holy Quran, the obligation of Zakāt is described briefly but the headings of Zakāt are mentioned. Indeed, regarding the headings of Zakāt, there are divergent viewpoints on the subject “possession of Zakāt”. This is a hotly debated issue among jurisprudents and contemporary scholars who are divided into four distinct groups based on their opinions: (1) Possession of Zakāt is required for all eight headings of Zakāt, (2) According to Imam Malik, the first four headings of Zakāt and the last heading of Zakāt have the condition of possession, while the remaining three do not, (3) According to contemporary scholars, possession of Zakāt is necessary for the first four headings of Zakāt. However, Zakāt would be spent on welfare projects based on the last four headings of Zakāt, and (4) Imam Quffal said that the possession of Zakāt is not a condition for all headings of Zakāt. Article concludes that Jamhūr (majority of) Ulama's viewpoint is more acceptable and accurate.
Social determinants of online teaching in medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Noor Tayyiba Ahmed , Fatima Laveeza , Kumar Jateesh , Elahi Azaan , Malik Maria , Akhtar Waheed , Malik Jahanzeb
Published: July 2023

This survey aimed to evaluate the social determinants and medical student perceptions of online teaching during the COVID-19 lockdown restrictions. This was an analytical cross-sectional study that took place via an online questionnaire open for 2 weeks (1st Nov to 14th Nov) throughout Pakistan. Our sample included 3,952 respondents from various medical schools and medical years. Our survey found that 48% of the students did not like online teaching, 61% did not find online teaching stimulating, 51% did not engage in the sessions, and 59% responded their preparation was not up to the mark with online teaching. Medical school year 5 (OR(95%CI): 0.54 (0.23 – 0.84); P-value = 0.023), male gender (OR(95%CI): 0.71 (0.55 – 0.91); P-value = 0.038), lack of devices (OR(95%CI): 0.63 (0.40 – 0.83); P-value = 0.031), and unstable internet connection (OR(95%CI): 0.85 (0.74 – 0.98); P-value = 0.025) were independent determinants of negative perception to online teaching. We conclude that majority of medical students in Pakistan had a negative perception of exclusive online learning. We recommend that the challenges of online learning in our limited-resource setting should be systematically evaluated and that effective strategies should be developed to overcome their inhibitory effects.