bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Na2Ti3O7 and α-Fe2O3-based hybrid nanomaterial for the negative electrode of sodium-ion batteries
Authors:   Institute of Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Opra Denis P. , Neumoin Anton I. ,   Institute of Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Sinebryukhov Sergey L. ,   Institute of Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Sokolov Alexander A. ,   Institute of Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Gnedenkov Sergey V. ,   Institute of Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: February 2025

Sodium trititanate, Na2Ti3O7, is considered to be a promising material for the negative electrode of
reliable sodium-ion batteries. The advantages of Na2Ti3O7 include suitable electrode potential and cycling stability.
However, this material is characterized by the limited specific capacity and low electronic conductivity. The current
work is devoted to modification of Na2Ti3O7 by combining it with the high-capacity α-Fe2O3 phase. The structure,
the composition, the morphological features, the electronic and the electrochemical properties of the obtained
Na2Ti3O7–α-Fe2O3-based hybrid nanomaterial were studied in the work.
Forecast for usage of germanium in lithium-ion batteries
Authors:   A. N. Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry RAS, Kulova Tatiana L. , Skundin Alexander M. ,   A. N. Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry RAS
Published: February 2025

Germanium is an attractive element for the anodes in lithium-ion battery. The current article
discusses the issue of the availability of raw material for the battery industry, particularly in relation to Russia.
An Evaluation of the Relationship between the Pleth Variability Index with Bleeding and Volume Responsiveness in Patients Undergoing Lumbar Spine Surgery Under General Anesthesia
Authors: Sharabiani Maziar Motemanni , Pestei Khalil , Amoozadeh Laya , Sahebi Leila , Etezadi Farhad , Rahimi Mojgan
Published: February 2025

Background: Pulse oximetry is essential for monitoring patients during surgery, which display SPO2, as well as the plethysmographic variability index. Volume responsiveness is also indicated by this index. Considering the non-invasiveness of the PVI index and its predictive value, its use could be highly beneficial. Thus, we decided to evaluate the correlation between Pleth Variability Index in prone position and bleeding and volume responsiveness in patients undergoing lumbar spine surgery under general anesthesia.
Methods: 119 patients who were candidates for lumbar spine fixation surgery were studied in the prone position during surgery. Aside from demographic information, vital signs and PVI levels were recorded after induction of anesthesia, 5 minutes after induction of anesthesia, immediately after changing position from supine to prone, 5 minutes after changing position from supine to prone, at the end of the operation, immediately after shifting position from prone to supine, and after switching position from prone to supine for 5 minutes. Accordingly, the amount of bleeding and the type and amount of fluid received during the operation were recorded.
Results: Results revealed that demographic factors (gender, age, weight, height), hemodynamic factors (heart rate, blood pressure, SPO2), cardiac EF, and initial Hb levels, and changes in position from supine to prone did not affect the PVI process. In contrast, PVI has decreased due to an increase in intraoperative fluid intake. Notably, the amount of fluid received by different people (taking into consideration weight, bleeding, etc.) had no effect on PVI decreasing.
Conclusion: The PVI provides a cheap and readily accessible way to determine volume responsiveness, which is unaffected by various individual variables and can be performed in a prone position.
Factors Influencing the Rejection of Neuraxial Analgesia for Childbirth by Pregnant Women: A Cross-Sectional Study at a Single Medical Cente
Authors: Vosoughian Maryam , Dabir Shideh , Dahi Mastaneh , Moshair Mohammadreza , Tabashi Soudeh , Madadi Firoozeh , Ariannik Mohsen
Published: February 2025

Background: One of the main reasons women prefer cesarean surgery is their fear of pain during natural process of childbirth. Neuraxial analgesia is a beneficial option for decreasing pain during natural childbirth. However, painless childbirth is still not widely accepted by parturient in developing countries compared to high-resource countries due to cultural issues and lack of knowledge.  We investigated the causes of rejecting neuraxial painless childbirth in parturient admitted to the labor ward of our hospital.
Methods: A total of 567 parturient who declined neuraxial analgesia for painless labor were included in this single center cross-sectional study conducted between 2020 and 2022. The causes of refusal and level of knowledge were evaluated using a validated and reliable questionnaire.
Results: The main reasons for patients' refusal of neuraxial analgesia were fear of neuraxial complications, concern about insertion of the spinal needle, and worry about prolonging labor time following neuraxial analgesia, respectively. 51 participants had high, 134 had medium and 381 had low awareness level. Parturient who attended prenatal classes as well as those who used internet as a source of information had significantly higher levels of awareness.
Conclusion: Fear of neuraxial complications, spinal needle and delaying childbirth were the primary reasons for maternal rejection. The women's knowledge about neuraxial painless labor was inadequate
Warfarin without Therapeutic Monitoring is a Rodenticide, but this Time it Kills the Patient: A Warfarin Toxicity Case Report
Authors: Mirzahosseini Hossein Karballaei , Moradpour Nioosha , Mazhin Ehsan Yousefi , Najafi Atabak , Mojtahedzadeh Amirmahdi , Mojtahedzadeh Mojtaba
Published: February 2025

According to the American Association of Poison Control Centers (AAPCC), 761 single exposures to the pharmaceutical warfarin were reported in 2021, accounting for more than 10 percent of anticoagulant cases. The cost and mortality caused by warfarin toxicity are very high and usually incurable and fatal. The most important action in the field of warfarin toxicity is to prevent its occurrence. To emphasize how warfarin toxicity occurs, a case is introduced in this regard. A 61-year-old man is found unconscious with a seizure on the street and transported to the hospital by Emergency Medical Services (EMS). In the emergency car, he received a diazepam injection for generalized seizures. His vital signs in the postictal state were as follows: blood pressure 82/44 mmHg, pulse rate 91 bpm, and oxygen saturation (SaO2) 93%. His past medical history includes an ischemic stroke and a myocardial infarction 12 years ago. He underwent Mitral valve repair 11 years ago and a mechanical-type Mitral valve replacement 2 years ago. After undergoing mitral valve replacement surgery, he continued taking warfarin and aspirin for 2 years without consulting a cardiologist or undergoing PT and INR tests. As a result, he suffered a massive intracerebral hemorrhage when his INR level rose above 6. It's important to note that he has no history of depression or suicide attempts. After experiencing decreased consciousness and seizures, he was quickly intubated. A brain CT scan revealed extensive evidence of intracerebral hemorrhage, and he was then transferred to the operating room for craniotomy. To manage the bleeding and because Prothrombin complex concentrate (PCC) was not available, the patient received two grams of fibrinogen, two units of Fresh Frozen Plasma (FFP), 10 mg of vitamin K, and one unit of Packed Red Blood Cells. Unfortunately, after a month-long stay in the ICU, the patient passed away as a result of Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) and sepsis.
Massive Gastrointestinal Bleeding, Consequences Interactions of Apixaban, Diltiazem and Aspirin: Case Report
Authors: Mirzahosseini Hossein Karballaei , Shahriari Parinaz , Yousefi-Mazhin Ehsan , Najafi Atabak , Mojtahedzadeh Amirmahdi , Mojtahedzadeh Mojtaba
Published: February 2025

Anticoagulation is the cornerstone of preventing thrombosis. Following the aging of society and the greater use of anticoagulant drugs, we see more serious complications in this group. The reduced occurrence of significant bleeding represents a notable benefit of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) in comparison to vitamin K antagonists. However, the unavailability of Andexanet alfa and Idarucizumab complicates the management of bleeding associated with DOACs. This case describes a 69-year-old man who presented with massive gastrointestinal bleeding, hemorrhagic shock, and loss of conciseness. He has been taking apixaban 2.5 mg twice a day, aspirin 80 mg once a day, and diltiazem 60 mg three times daily. Bleeding was controlled through transfusion of two units of fresh frozen plasma, five units of packed cell, four units of platelet, and tranexamic acid injection. Although hemorrhagic shock was successfully managed, he unfortunately passed away after three weeks of hospitalization following Ventilator-associated pneumonia and sepsis. In this case, we discuss the importance of the drug interaction of apixaban, diltiazem, and aspirin.
Lymphoma or Brucellosis: A Case Series Study
Authors: Rostami Parsa , Shabani Shiva , Ahmari Azin
Published: February 2025

Human Brucellosis is a zoonotic disease with various clinical manifestations, rangingfrom asymptomatic infection to multisystem involvement. Cases with hematologicalabnormalities and lymphadenopathy, which were referred to the hematologydepartment of the hospital, were described from September 2021 to August 2022.These Iranian patients included a 38-year-old man and two 64- and 24-year-oldwomen. Due to the region’s endemicity and strong clinical suspicion of brucellosis,therapeutic management and invasive procedures such as splenectomy were avoidedin one case.Based on the available literature, it is evident that the infrequent symptoms thataccompany the typical symptoms of brucellosis may give rise to uncertainty andhinder prompt diagnosis. The reason is that patients presenting with indicationsof pancytopenia, coupled with splenomegaly or lymphadenopathy, are typicallyreferred to hematologists. Hence, the purpose of these case reports is to highlight thesymptoms of brucellosis that mimic a primary hematologic disorder, facilitating fasterand more accurate diagnosis.
Always Take Renal Colic Seriously: A Rare Complication of Renal Stone
Authors: Aarabi Sepideh
Published: February 2025

Pelvis rupture secondary to renal colic is an exceptionally rare but severe complicationof nephrolithiasis. This case report describes a 32-year-old male who presentedwith intense flank pain, gross hematuria, and urinary obstruction. A computedtomography (CT) scan revealed a 3-mm calculus at the ureterovesical junction causinghydronephrosis and, notably, a rupture of the renal pelvis with urine extravasation intothe retroperitoneal space. Immediate intervention included ureteroscopic lithotripsy,stent placement, and antibiotic therapy, leading to symptom resolution and improvedrenal function. This report highlights the diagnostic challenges associated with pelvisrupture, which often mimics typical renal colic symptoms, and emphasizes the criticalrole of contrast-enhanced CT in detection. Prompt management is essential to preventcomplications such as sepsis and long-term renal damage. The case underscores theimportance of recognizing this rare entity to optimize patient outcomes and guidefuture clinical approaches to similar presentations.
Kearns Sayre Syndrome: A Rare Cause of Mitochondrial Diabetes and Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism
Authors: Mudraje Sriram , Khare Jaideep , Garg Nancy , Jindal Sushil
Published: February 2025

Kearns-Sayre syndrome is a rare mitochondrial disease that presents before theage of 20 years with ptosis, external ophthalmoplegia, and pigmentary retinopathyassociated with endocrine and cardiac conduction abnormalities. Here we report an18-year-old female presenting with fever, cough, secondary amenorrhea, diabetes,ptosis, external ophthalmople gia, and ataxia . Fundosc opy revealed pigmen tary retinopathy. ECG showed intraventricular conduction abnormalities, and 2Dechocardiography revealed global left ventricular hypokinesia with reduced ejection fraction. Hence, the diagnosis of Kearns-Sayre syndrome was made.
Registro de causa básica de morte no sistema de informação sobre mortalidade
Authors: Dos Santos de Jesus Eliene , Mota Eduardo , Aragão Pedroza Cunha Francisco José
Published: February 2025

O interesse pelos estudos na área de monitoramento e avaliação da qualidade dos dados dos sistemas de informação aumentou nos últimos anos, mas as iniciativas ainda são isoladas e assistemáticas. Contudo, o Ministério da Saúde vem implementando estratégias de qualificação para esses dados como o Projeto “Sessenta Cidades”. Buscou-se conhecer as características das variáveis das Declarações de Óbito que apresentaram registros de códigos de causa básica de morte inadequados para a gestão do sistema de saúde no município de Salvador, Bahia, em 2017. Essas causas de morte, também eram chamadas de Códigos Garbage pelo Global Burden of Disease e são de pouca utilidade para as análises de situação de saúde por expressarem as complicações da doença ou lesão que iniciou a cadeia de eventos que culminou com o óbito e não a causa que de fato levou à morte. Atualmente, são chamados de Códigos Pouco Úteis. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, quantitativo, utilizando-se os dados secundários do Sistema de Informação sobre Mortalidade com os óbitos que registraram os códigos pouco úteis, definidos pelo Ministério da Saúde como prioritários. Salvador apresentou em 2017, 20.801 mil óbitos, de ocorrência e de residência no seu território. Foram identificados 4.775 óbitos (29,8%) com códigos pouco úteis, de pessoas residentes em Salvador. As mulheres apresentaram maior frequência (32,1%), as da raça/cor indígena (71,4%), com escolaridade de 1 a 3 anos de estudo (33,9%) e na faixa etária de 80 e + anos (36,7%). As Causas Mal Definidas do Capítulo XVIII foram os códigos utilizados com maior frequência (37,4%).
Exploring Some Traditional Fermented Dairy Beverages of Global Importance: A Review
Authors: Rani Priyanka , Kanetkar Prajasattak , Bakshi Shiva , Binchhar Basant , Yadav Satya Prakash , . Pankaj , Paswan Vinod Kumar
Published: February 2025

Milk based functional foods are the common part of people’s diets in the modern world. People have been preparing these dairy products through different processes for many generations. For this, fermentation is one of the most commonly used method. Peoples in certain parts of the world include such fermented dairy products into their main diet. Certain drinks are representative of a nation’s culture and are appropriate for the climate in that country. Their distinct texture, unique production technique and other organoleptic aspects are some of their special qualities. Typically, these drinks are made for domestic consumption and are not widely known outside of their community. Thus, we are going to discuss about such beverages, their manufacture procedure, microorganisms and their geographic origin in this review study.
Pernikahan Merariq Sebagai Bentuk Hubungan Sosial Dalam Mempertahankan Nilia-Nilai Maskulinitas Suku Sasak [Merariq Marriage as a Form of Social Relations in Maintaining Sasak Tribe Masculinity Values]
Authors: Angelique Jesslyn
Published: February 2025

Indonesia yang terbentang dari sabang sampai merauke memiliki keragaman suku budaya yang sangat banyak. Salah satu budaya yang sampai sekarang masih ada dan dijalankan adalah budaya Kawin Lari atau Merariq oleh suku Sasak di desa Sade, Lombok. Proses Merariq sendiri berlangsung secara panjang dan terdapat peran masing-masing dari setiap pelaku Merariq. Jika ditelaah secara lebih mendalam, laki-laki memainkan peran yang vital dalam melaksanakan kegiatan ini, didorong dengan nilai-nilai maskulinitas yang dikonstruksi oleh desa Sade. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode etnografi. Pengumpulan data penelitian dilakukan dengan data primer, yaitu wawancara dan observasi serta data sekunder berupa data lain dari jurnal, buku maupun sumber lain yang relevan dengan topik yang dibahas. Wawancara dilakukan kepada local guide, anggota local guide serta pelaku Merariq sendiri. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Merariq digunakan sebagai sebuah bentuk hubungan sosial  dalam mempertahankan nilai-nilai maskulinitas dan sampai sekarang keberadaannya terus ada seiring terus dilakukannya kegiatan Merariq. Kedudukan laki-laki yang mendominasi sendiri bukan menjadi sesuatu yang buruk melainkan bisa membantu mensukseskan kegiatan Merariq sendiri.
 
 Indonesia, which stretches from Sabang to Merauke, has a great diversity of ethnic cultures. One culture that still exists and is practiced today is the Elopement or Merariq culture by the Sasak tribe in Sade village, Lombok. The Merariq process itself takes a long time and there is a role for each Merariq actor. If examined in more depth, men play a vital role in carrying out this activity, driven by the values of masculinity constructed by Sade village. This research uses a qualitative approach with ethnographic methods. Research data collection was carried out using primary data, namely interviews and observations as well as secondary data in the form of other data from journals, books and other sources relevant to the topic discussed. Interviews were conducted with local guides, local guide members and Merariq actors themselves. The research results show that Merariq is used as a form of social relationship in maintaining masculinity values and to this day its existence continues to exist as Merariq activities continue to be carried out. The dominating position of men in itself is not a bad thing but can help make Merariq's activities a success.
Cox Proportional Hazard Model for Analysis of Farmers Insurance Premium Payment Period
Authors: Rosida Ayu , Fatekurohman Mohamat , Dewi Yuliani Setia , Arif M. Ziaul
Published: February 2025

The sub-sector of agriculture plays a significant role in the national economic order. The crop failure rate is one of the unexpected risks caused by natural disasters, including drought, pest attacks, and floods. Agricultural insurance has been used as a pilot project in several areas, such as Gresik and Palembang Regencies. This pilot project has not been carried out in many places and cannot be implemented optimally in Jember. Farmer insurance is a transfer of risk due to farming business losses so that the sustainability of the farming business can be guaranteed. Survival analysis is a statistical method for analyzing data with observed response variables in terms of the time until an event occurs. One survival analysis is to determine the factors that cause an event with a response variable, namely using the Cox Proportional Hazard Model. The results of the significance testing obtained the variable that had a significant influence on the model, namely the growing season variable (X4). Then, a hazard ratio comparison was made for the category of cultivation season variables, and the category with the lowest hazard value was selected, followed by the second category, the months of May until August. (X42), This significantly influenced the policyholder’s time spent paying farmer’s insurance premiums.
The Implementation of Water Sensitive Urban Drainage to Overcome the Risk of Flooding in Malang City
Authors: Yani Dandy Achmad , Suwignyo Suwignyo , Darmawan Azhar Adi , Nissa Khoirin
Published: February 2025

This study aims to apply Water Resources Urban Design (WSUD) technology to improve water quantity and quality in the Brantas River Watershed (DAS), especially in Oro-Oro Dowo Village, Malang City. This village was chosen because several drainage channels have decreased efficiency in accommodating water runoff during the rainy season. The application of WSUD technology is expected to reduce the high surface runoff due to the decrease in water absorption areas, so this can be an alternative to conserving the availability of water resources in terms of quantity and quality. The modeling scenarios are arranged into two types. In the first scenario, the model is made without the application of WSUD, while in the second scenario, WSUD technologies are applied. There are permeable pavement, bioretention, constructed wetlands, and green roofs. The methodology used for the application of the WSUD concept is through the SWMM (Storm Water Management Model) program. The application of WSUD technology in the case study in Oro-Oro Dowo Village is planned along the sidewalks on Jalan Rinjani, Jalan Jakarta/Jalan Simpang Ijen, Jalan Besar Ijen, and Jalan Panggung, as well as green open spaces/city forests located in the administrative area of the village. The results of this study are in the form of a comparison of the total surface water runoff before and after the implementation of WSUD for each technology. As a result, green roof technology has the potential to reduce surface runoff higher than other technologies. However, the obstacles in the application of green roofs are the cost and roof leaks. Thus, the application of a combination of permeable pavement, bioretention, and constructed wetlands can be another option. The results of the application of the WSUD combination reached 96.88%.
Efficacy of Ethanol Extract of Sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata) Against Pneumonia-Causing Klebsiella pneumoniae
Authors: Sulistiyawati Indah , Falah Muhammad , Nurasih Ari Dwi
Published: February 2025

Klebsiella pneumoniae is one of the most common pathogens in nosocomial respiratory infections. Antibiotics are often used for the treatment of K. pneumoniae infections. Increased bacterial resistance to antibiotics is closely related to the success rate of infectious disease therapy. The use of plants as phytopharmacology is currently an alternative treatment. Some medicinal plants that have antibacterial and immunomodulatory activity are Sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata) with an active compound called andrographol. The purpose of this study was to provide a solution to the problem above by developing a phytopharmaceutical using bitter extract to inhibit the growth of K. pneumoniae bacteria. Two sputum samples from the laboratory confirmed Covid-19 patients with pneumonia infection at the Hospital. The sambiloto was extracted by using 96% ethanol. The extract was further analyzed for its antimicrobial activity and phytochemical compounds. There were two K. pneumoniae isolates, namely KpRNG and KpTRI. The active compounds were saponin and steroids. The antimicrobial activity of the ginger extract was measured with different concentrations of 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%. Its inhibitory zone against K. pneumoniae was ranging from 5.8 to 7 mm or had a moderate inhibition category.
The Structure of p-fixed Autonilpotent Finite Groups
Authors: Hosseini Shima
Published: February 2025

The concept of autonilpotent groups was introduced by Moghaddam and Parvaneh in 2010 which is related to concepts of absolute centre and autocommutator subgroups that were first proposed by Hegarty in 1994 and 1997 respectively. In the present article we give some useful properties of such groups. In the first section, we define a subgroup GK_n for a given group G, as GK_n=〈 [g ,α^n ] ┤| g∈ G,α∈Aut(G) 〉 which is characteristic subgroup of G . In this section, based on the induction method, we obtain the structure of GK_n as 〈 [ g ,α ]^n ┤|g∈ G,α∈ Aut(G) 〉, 〈 [ g ,α ]^n [g,α,α]^(n(n-1)/2) ┤|g∈ G,α∈ Aut(G) 〉 and 〈 (∏_(i=0)^(n-1)▒〖[g,α] [g,α,α]^i) [g,α,α,α]^((n(n-1)(n-2))/6) 〗┤|g∈ G,α∈ Aut(G) 〉 in autonilpotent groups of classes 2, 3 and 4 respectively. In second section, n-fixed group is introduced as a group G with GK_n=1 for some n∈N. Then among other results of n-fixed groups, we characterize some n-fixed groups. Based on the role of the absolute centre subgroup in the structure of the group, we prove a non-trivial finite group G is isomorphic to Z_2 iff G is 1-fixed group also we show that abelian group G is p -fixed autonilpotent group iff it is isomorphic to G≅ C_(2^k ) where 1≤ k≤ 3
Navigation System of Electric Car with Faster R-CNN for Pediatric Patient Transportation
Authors: Qoyima Rosida Amalia Nurul , Kaloko Bambang Sri , Anam Khairul , Sasono Muchamad Arif Hana , Efendi Dicky Yusril
Published: February 2025

The use of electric cars as a means of transportation for pediatric patients has the main purpose of having a positive effect on the psychology of pediatric patients before surgery. Therefore, it is expected to accelerate the healing process. An electric car navigation system that can recognize the environment is needed. This article aims to develop a camera-based semi-autonomous navigation system using the faster R-CNN method to detect markers as electric car direction. This method optimizes the range of interest (RoI) layer to produce optimal features. Faster R-CNN is faster in generating accurate region proposals compared to R-CNN and Fast R-CNN. Various Faster R-CNN models were tested in image data processing for marker detection as the electric car steering system. Test results on FPS variations show that the best results were obtained when using the Faster R-CNN MobileNet V3 Large 320 FPN model with a value of 11.3f ps for the forward marker, 18.9 fps for the stop marker, 22.6 fps for the left turn marker and 11.1 fps for the right turn marker. With this model, the results obtained are quite good in testing the performance of the car navigation system. The results obtained in the success of the test are 70% for the forward marker test, 100% for the stop marker test, 90% for the left turn marker and 100% for the right turn marker.
Early Detection of Microplastic Contamination in Fishes In The Sukamade Shoreline, Meru Betiri National Park
Authors: Ariyunita Selvi , Subchan Wachju , Fitria Anisa
Published: February 2025

Microplastics (< 5 mm) have the potential to be a threat to organisms. However, the study of microplastic contamination in conservation areas, especially in Indonesia, is still limited. The Sukamade is a conservation area that is potentially contaminated by microplastic. This study aims to detect microplastic contamination in fish caught in the Sukamade shoreline as an early warning of the potential threat to biodiversity. The study was conducted from September to December 2022. The methods used include: 1). Fish sampling, 2). Dissection and removal of the gills and gastrointestinal tract; 3). Microplastic characterization based on sizes, shapes, and colors; 4). Data analysis. This is the first report that 451 microplastic particles were detected in four fish caught from the Sukamade shoreline: two individuals of Senangin fish (Eleutheronema sp.), one individual of Lemuru fish (Sardinella sp.), and one individual of Lowang totol fish (Trachinotus sp.). The presence of microplastic in the gastrointestinal tract of fishes shows the possibility of microplastic translocation in tissue and another tropic level, causing health problems in organisms and the community as a constituent of biodiversity.
Partisipasi Masyarakat dalam Pembentukan Undang-Undang Pada Masa Keadaan Darurat
Authors: Uz Zaman Muhamad Nafi
Published: February 2025

Penyalahgunaan kekuasaan (abuse of power) sering terjadi pada saat keadaan darurat, karena pemerintah menggunakan keadaan darurat sebagai dalih untuk menyimpangi berbagai peraturan hingga konstitusi. Oleh sebab itu kekuatan masyarakat berperan sebagai penyeimbang dalam pembentukan undang-undang yang dihasilkan oleh "dictatorial leaders" pada saat krisis. Namun partisipasi masyarakat dalam keadaan darurat mengalami keterbatasan. Hal ini disebabkan adanya pembatasan aktivitas masyarakat, pengurangan hak-hak warga negara hingga penyimpangan terhadap pemenuhan hak asasi manusia. Melalui pendekatan doktriner dan literatur review serta analisis terhadap berbagai pengaturan kedaruratan, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis partisipasi masyarakat dalam pembentukan undang-undang pada masa keadaan darurat di Indonesia. Hasilnya menunjukkan dalam pembentukan undang-undang pada masa keadaan darurat, partisipasi masyarakat cenderung terbatas bahkan ditiadakan. Pemerintah biasanya mengeluarkan Perpu yang secara konsep tidak memberikan ruang partisipasi masyarakat. Namun dalam perkembangan hukum modern, masyarakat dapat menempuh upaya hukum sebagai bentuk kontrol untuk mengkoreksi aturan dalam keadaan darurat. Misalnya melalui mekanisme lembaga legislatif dengan menggunakan fungsi pengawasan oleh parlemen sebagai bentuk checks and balances kepada eksekutif, serta melalui mekanisme lembaga yudikatif seperti pengujian undang-undang (judicial review) di Mahkamah Konstitusi dan gugatan tata usaha negara di Peradilan Tata Usaha Negara, sebagaimana langkah hukum tersebut telah ditempuh masyarakat pada masa keadaan darurat kesehatan Covid-19 yang lalu. Poinnya adalah sekalipun terjadi keadaan darurat, partisipasi masyarakat seharusnya tetap dilakukan sepanjang masih bisa dijalankan dengan berbagai penyesuaian tergantung keadaan darurat yang dihadapi.
The essence of domestic violence: Introductory issues
Authors: Bereznowska-Bulas Joanna
Published: February 2025

This article addresses the essence of domestic violence. A detailed analysis of the issue of domestic violence undoubtedly first requires an understanding of the mechanism of violence itself, in the common understanding of this phenomenon, and an indication of its types, because all domestic violence is a type of violence, but not all violence can be classified as domestic violence. The article includes, in particular, the definitions of domestic violence used by the authors of various legal publications, from the perspective of criminology, as well as those used by the legislator. The author also presents issues related to types of violence and characteristics of perpetrators of domestic violence, con-cluding with current statistics on the topic.
[Podcast Review]: The 3QTL Podcast by Derritt Mason
Authors: Thompson Kate , McSweeney-Flaherty Jill
Published: February 2025

Review of the 3QTL Podcast, by executive producer Dr. Derritt Mason
Synergistic effect study of g-C3N4 composites for high-performance triboelectric nanogenerators
Authors: Xiao Yana , Lu Jian , Xu Bingang
Published: February 2025

The energy harvesting crisis has caused great necessity for new energy technologies, among which triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) garnered global attention. Based on our previous research on a novel 2D material graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4), this work explores the influence of g-C3N4 hybrid dopants with Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) on the performance enhancement of TENGs. More specifically, systematic experiments with different ratios of hybrid dopants were conducted, including Ag nanowires with g-C3N4, carbon nanotubes with g-C3N4, and MXene with g-C3N4. The systematic and optimization studies showed that carbon nanotube/g-C3N4 at the optimal ratio of 1:1 in PDMS composite presented an open circuit voltage (Voc ) at 122 V, a short circuit current (Isc ) at 5.8 μA, and a charge transfer (Qsc ) at 105 nC, while Ag/g-C3N4 at the ratio of 3:1 with 1 wt % in PDMS composite presented the best performance with Voc of 92 V, Isc of 4.6 μA, Qsc of 49 nC, and power density of 1.45 W/m2. The fabricated hybrid dopant/PDMS TENG was utilized for versatile applications in biomechanical energy harvesting and self‐powered human-motion detecting. In addition, we designed a dish and an insole with multiple TENGs for pressure sensing and multichannel data acquisition applications.
Potential of ethanol to reduce grapevine transpiration
Authors: Ait Kaci Neila , Quinquiry Beatrice , Diot Alice , Yobregat Olivier , Pellegrino Anne , Maury Pierre , Chervin Christian
Published: February 2025

This study investigates whether ethanol (EtOH) modulates response to drought in grapevine, as demonstrated previously in Arabidopsis, rice and wheat. We ran a potted-cutting experiment with a progressive soil water deficit. Plants pre-treated with 250 mM EtOH solutions exhibited slower depletion of the fraction of transpirable soil water (FTSW), compared to controls. While 250 mM EtOH decreased transpiration in the early days, these EtOH pre-treated plants maintained higher leaf transpiration than controls after 10 days of soil water depletion. The FTSW threshold for the transpiration process was significantly higher in plants treated with 250 mM EtOH than in controls. These results suggest that EtOH may alter grapevine response to drought, leading to potential water savings in wine-growing regions prone to high water shortages, linked to climate change. This should encourage further testing under various vineyard conditions.
Shwachman–Diamond syndrome: characteristics of exocrine and endocrine functions of the pancreas in children
Authors:   N.I.Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Ipatova M.G. ,   N.F.Filatov Children’s City Clinical Hospital, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: February 2025

Shwachman–Diamond syndrome (SDS) is a rare genetic disorder that belongs to the group of ribosomopathies. It is characterized by impaired hematopoiesis, exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI), delay in physical development, and bone anomalies.
Objective. To study the characteristics of exocrine and endocrine functions of the pancreas in children with a genetically confirmed diagnosis of SDS.
Patients and methods. The study included 74 patients with a genetically confirmed diagnosis of SDS. The levels of total and pancreatic amylase and lipase in blood, the results of coprological examination, and the levels of fecal elastase-1 were evaluated to study the exocrine function of the pancreas. The endocrine function of the pancreas was assessed by determining the levels of fasting glucose, C-peptide and insulin. All children underwent abdominal ultrasound examination.
Results. A total of 68.9% of children with SDS had delay in physical development, and 66.2% had protein-energy undernutrition of varying severity. In 98.7% of patients, a pronounced EPI was revealed, manifested by low fecal elastase-1 levels, median: 24 [15; 53.5] μg/g. Patients with SDS commonly had low levels of pancreatic amylase (95.9%) and lipase (83.8%). Ultrasound signs of pancreatic steatosis were detected in 78.4% of SDS patients. The median of glucose levels in SDS patients was 4.5 mmol/L [4.1; 5.1]. In 42 (56.8%) children, insulin levels were within the reference range, and in 32 (43.2%) children, they were below age norms – 3.4 [2; 6.8 mIU/mL]. In 47 (63.5%) children, C-peptide levels were below age norms – 0.7 [0.48; 1.5] ng/mL. There was a positive tendency toward higher C-peptide and insulin levels with age. One child in the study group was diagnosed with diabetes, which required insulin therapy.
Conclusion. Patients with SDS need careful monitoring of both exocrine and endocrine functions of the pancreas. Severe EPI in children with SDS requires administration of high-dose pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy using pancreatic enzymes encapsulated in mini-microspheres (Creon®).
Key words: Shwachman–Diamond syndrome, SBDS gene, children, pancreas, exocrine pancreatic insufficiency,
carbohydrate metabolism, diabetes
Interpretation of the Qur'an About Pedophilia Buya Hamka's Perspective
Authors: Makhfudhoh Auwalul , Bakar Abu
Published: February 2025

In social life, humans cannot be separated from communication between others. In human consciousness as social beings, there is a need to share a sense of responsibility and nurture younger individuals from older individuals. One of the social problems that often occurs is social crimes against children (pedophilia). The reason why someone becomes a pedophile is because they have a traumatic past, cannot socialize, feel low self-esteem, economic factors, etc. The Qur'an describes this sexual disorder. The Qur'an describes this sexual disorder as an abominable act in Qs. An-Naml [27]:54 and Surah Al-An'am [6]:151 in the book of Al-Azhar interpretation by Prof. Dr. Hj Abdul Malik Abdulkarim Amrullah, also known as Buya Hamka. This heinous act is a disease; in addition to homosexuality, there is another explanation of sexual abnormalities, namely the sexual desire of older people attracted to younger ones. The results showed that this heinous act is found in the Qur'an story.
Assessing Risk in Long-Term CO2 Storage Under Uncertainty via Survival Analysis-Based Surrogates
Authors: Gurwicz A. , Chen J. , Gutman D. H. , Gildin E.
Published: February 2025

Reservoir simulations for CO2 sequestration are computationally expensive because they rely on being run for large timescales. Shortened, cheaper simulation timelines prevent the observation of gas leakages that might occur over a longer duration. In the statistics community, the exclusion of these leakages is called censorship. We propose a fast simulator surrogate that captures these potentially unobservable long-term risks. The crux of our approach is survival analysis, a branch of statistics tailored to handle censored data.

Our proposed framework begins by sampling scenarios with varied injection and production rates from a number of geological and flow uncertainty realizations. The potentially censored time to gas leakage is recorded for each simulated scenario. We then leverage a variety of survival analysis methods, ranging from Kaplan-Meier to random survival forests, to create a computationally cheap, and highly interpretable, simulator surrogate. The surrogate can predict the risk of CO2 leakage in new scenarios for significantly shorter simulations than usual in carbon sequestration studies, or no new simulations at all. This eases the computational burden of centuries-long, expensive simulations.

To validate our methodology, we constructed an exploratory case study with a shortened monitoring window. The proposed framework is implemented within a compositional simulation model where CO2 is injected into a saline aquifer. To assess the risk of leakage and caprock integrity, we simulated scenarios where we inject CO2 for permanent storage using four injector wells, while five producer wells are used for pressure maintenance. This model is run for 2,000 days under varied permeability realizations to monitor CO2 breakthrough from the production wells. We then infer the occurrence of leakage in new scenarios and compare these results to full simulations via appropriate statistical metrics such as hypothesis testing, metrics tailored for the censored data context, and common prediction metrics. Initial results show that the proposed method predicts time to gas leakage with good accuracy without the need for any new simulations at all.

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first paper to approach the broader reservoir engineering for carbon capture area with survival analysis, a clear fit due to the presence of censored data coming from shortened simulations. Our unique, novel framework yields a simulator surrogate built with techniques never before seen in this context. Also, we fill the gap other approaches leave open by focusing on interpretability, a model quality that is paramount to decision-making under high uncertainty.
Downregulation of UDP-glucose 6-dehydrogenase predicts adverse prognosis in colorectal cancer and promotes tumorigenesis
Authors: Wang Mengyuan , Ge Zhiming , Fan Xianxian , Zhao Hongbo , Shi Zhenfu , Zhang Jiucun , Jin Li , Li Yan , Wang Jie , Zao Xiaobin , Yang Yun
Published: February 2025

Backgrounds: UDP-glucose 6-dehydrogenase (UGDH) is the key enzyme of glucuronic acid metabolism and a key mediator in several cancer developmental signaling pathways. However, the expression and function of UGDH in colorectal cancer (CRC) are unclear.
Method:Bioinformatics analysis was conducted to research the expression, diagnosis, prognosis, functional enrichment, genetic alterations, and immune characteristics of UGDH in CRC. The UGDH gene was knocked down in HCT-8 cells. CCK8 and cell wound scratch assays were further performed in UGDH wild-type and knocked-down HCT-8 cells.
Results: UGDH is remarkably decreased in CRC compared to normal tissues, which predicts a poor prognosis. UGDH’s lower expression is associated with a high gene promoter methylation level and genome deletion. UGDH expression is proportional to immune cell infiltration and immune-related genes. UGDH expression is correlated to the p53 signaling pathway. Compared to the normal colonic epithelial cells, UGDH is downregulated in CRC cells. Knockdown of UGDH in HCT-8 cells promotes the proliferation and migration ability.
Conclusions: UGDH could be useful as a valuable prognostic biomarker and potential therapeutic target in CRC. UGDH could inhibit the proliferation and migration of CRC cells, possibly by modulating the p53 signaling pathway.
Prehabilitation in Major Surgery: An Evaluation of Cost Savings in a Tertiary Hospital
Authors: Mudarra-García Natalia , Roque-Rojas Fernando , Izquierdo-Izquierdo Visitación , García-Sánchez Francisco Javier
Published: February 2025

Background: Prehabilitation emerges as a program designed to enhance the patient’s functional capacity before surgery by addressing three key aspects: physical activity, proper nutrition, and the reduction of anxiety and frustration. Various prehabilitation models exist to optimize patients before surgery, including programs led by anesthesiologists, surgeons, endocrinologists, etc. The existing models demonstrate that appropriate patient optimization before surgery reduces postoperative complications, hospital stay, and re-admissions.(2)
Methods: A total of 211 patients were included, of whom 76 were not enrolled in the surgical prehabilitation program based on the advanced practice nursing and internist model (control group), while 135 benefited from this program (intervention group).; (3)
Results: Following the surgical prehabilitation model led by an advanced practice nurse in collaboration with an internist, a significant reduction was achieved in blood transfusions (p=0.014), postoperative complications (p<0.001), and hospital length of stay (p=0.004). Likewise, annual costs were reduced by a total of €593,453. (4)
Conclusions: Following a surgical prehabilitation model reduces the number of postoperative complications, decreases hospital length of stay, and increases the savings on red blood cell transfusions. Likewise, implementing a model led by an advanced practice nurse in collaboration with an internist significantly reduces the annual costs of a tertiary hospital.
Experimental Study on Laser Structuring of Circumferential Surfaces on Cemented Carbide for Slip Force Enhancement
Authors: Schlegel Eduard , Hartmann Felix
Published: February 2025

Due to a combination of high surface quality, rigidity, and low tool change times, shrink fit tool holders are a popular choice for machining tool clamping. However, tool slippage and runout can be observed at high-performance machining, especially with low tool diameters. This study provides a possible solution to prevent slippage in shrink fit tool holders. For this, honeycomb-like laser structures are applied to circumferential surfaces of fine-grained 4-mm carbide tool rods with different material compositions. Laser structuring is carried out with a Yb:YAG infrared laser with a pulse duration of 900 fs. In preliminary tests, the ablation behavior of the laser is studied for different materials. Using this data, laser structures with different structure depths and spot-to-spot spacings are generated by varying the laser parameters. Laser-structured tool rods are then clamped in a specifically designed test bench using a radial clamping element and loaded until slippage occurs. Laser-structured tool rods achieve a slip load up to 2.4 times higher than their unstructured counterparts. Slippage almost exclusively occurs due to the wear of the radial clamping element used in the test bench. Lower spot-to-spot spacings as well as higher structure depths generally result in higher slip loads. However, at structure depths of 15 µm or greater, tool rods fracture, which is attributed to the notch effect. An effect of the composition of the tool rods on the slip loads or laser ablation behavior could not be observed.
Global Population Dynamics and Evolutionary Selection in Classical Swine Fever Virus Complete Genomes: Insights from Bayesian Coalescent Analysis
Authors: Mahadevaswamy Roopa , Muruganantham Vijay , Ramesh Varsha , Mambully Shijili , Suresh Kuralayanapalya Puttahonnappa , Hiremath Jagadish , Nayakvadi Shivasharanappa , Gulati Baldev , Patil Sharanagouda
Published: February 2025

Classical swine fever virus (CSFV) is a pathogen that affects pigs and wild boars. This contagious RNA virus is a high threat to swine industries throughout the world because it has high mortality and morbidity rates, leading to economic losses. Although previous studies primarily focused on isolated regions or specific genotypes, our study leverages a global dataset of 220 CSFV whole-genome sequences retrieved from the NCBI repository along with2 CSFV complete genome sequence from our laboratory (Accession number: MH734359.1 and OR4282229.1) and carefully curated to 66 sequences. The refined dataset is subjected to Bayesian analysis along with selection pressure analysis. The outcome of this experiment, the mean substitution rate was estimated at 2.06 x 10− 3 substitutions/site/year with the Highest Posterior Density (HPD) (95% HPD 6.8012 x 10− 4 − 3.3044 x 10− 3), and the estimated average time to the most recent common ancestor (tMRCA) for the analyzed dataset was the year 1877 (95% HPD 1833.8181–1932.3176). Among the curated data set, 2 CSFV complete genome sequences (Accession number: MH734359.1 and OR428229.1) from our laboratory showed of Chinese origin. Additionally, pervasive and episodic selection pressure revealed that both had ongoing diversifying natural positive selection, which could lead to increased genetic diversity and possibly emergence of the new lineage. This potential information could be used for future evaluation of strategies to control emerging new genotypes of CSFV with high mortality and morbidity.