bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Digital Pathology and ICT in Medical Education in the Pre-COVID Era: Measuring the State of Readiness of Medical Students in a Nigerian Medical School for the Changing Technological Landscape
Authors: Bassey Ima-Abasi E. , Isiwele Edoise M. , Chukwuegbo Cornelius C. , Ekanem Ima-Obong A.
Published: November 2020

Background: Information Communication Technologies (ICTs) have caused significant improvement in the practice and teaching of medicine worldwide. The novel coronavirus disease (COVID 19) pandemic has heightened the need for increased development and improvement in ICT skills and infrastructure. ICTs are causing a revolution in the way Pathology is practiced and taught worldwide. This study was carried out to evaluate the utility of ICTs in undergraduate pathology education in a tertiary institution in Nigeria.
Materials and Methods: This was a cross sectional study in which a structured questionnaire was used to assess students’ access to ICT, ICT skills and perceptions regarding ICT in pathology education. Questions regarding learning challenges and knowledge of pathology related resources and the current state of utilization of computer based/ digital tools in pathology education in the institution were also examined. Data was analysed using SPSS version 20 and reported in charts.
Results: Questionnaires were administered to 146 students out of which 97 responded. Only 44% of the students had personal computers with 24% using their computers daily and 69% having internet connectivity. Most were proficient in Word processing (84%) and Email (80%), while very few had programming or database skills. Eighty-nine percent (89%) considered ICT as being useful in pathology learning, while 65% considered ICT as being more effective than traditional learning methods. Gross demonstrations were rated as being superior to digital images in gross pathology by 55%. The most commonly used ICT tools by the students were photomicrographs, online lecture notes, images and tutorials with interactive ICT tools (webinars, teleconferencing and simulations) hardly being used.
Conclusion: The need for formal training in relevant ICT skills in specific content areas is very necessary in our environment, more so now with the appearance of the COVID - 19 pandemic on the scene.
Knowledge of Cervical Cancer and Its Screening Amongst Female Students of a Tertiary Institution in South-South Nigeria
Authors: Allagoa D. O. , Agbo O. J. , Eguvbe A. O. , Alabrah P. W.
Published: November 2020

Background: Cervical cancer is one of the commonest cancers in women. It is the commonest cause of cancer related death in Africa. It is one of the cancers that have well known screening methods. In developed societies with standard protocol for screening, the morbidity and mortality following the disease have been greatly reduced. There is paucity of knowledge of cervical cancer and its screening methods in Yenagoa.

Objectives: To determine the knowledge of cervical cancer and its screening methods in female students of a Tertiary educational institution.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study that was conducted amongst the female students of Federal University Otuoke. Information about their socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge of cervical cancer and the screening methods was obtained using a questionnaire.

Results: A total of four hundred and twenty four (424) female students of the Federal University Otuoke were enrolled for the study. The mean age of the respondents was 21.0±3.4 years. The predominant age group was 15-20 years (50.6%). One hundred and eighty three respondents (57.9%) were aware of cervical cancer and the age groups 21-25 years were most aware of cervical cancer. Age was found to influence awareness of cervical cancer. (x2=12.8; df=3; p<0.05). A total of eighty one respondents 26.9% were aware of Pap smear. Age was found to influence the awareness of Pap smear (x2=12.8; df=3; p<0.05).

Conclusion: Our study showed that awareness of cervical cancer and the role of Pap smear in the screening of cervical cancer was low amongst the female students of the Federal University Otuoke. Hence the need to make every effort to increase the awareness of this condition and the screening methods amongst these female undergraduates, who are at the prime of their age and at the greatest risk of developing this condition, especially in our societies that lack well organized screening protocols.
An Analysis of the Relationship between Physical Activity, Dietary Patterns and Obesity in Elderlies in the Work Area of the Community Health Center of Johan Pahlawan of West Aceh Regency
Authors: Zakiyuddin . , Fitriani . , Azwar . , Ishalyadi .
Published: November 2020

Obesity is a condition where there is accumulation of excess fat in the body. Overweight and obesity cause adverse metabolic effects on blood pressure, cholesterol, triglycerides and insulin resistance. The work area of the Community Health Center (Puskesmas) of Johan Pahlawan is the region with the highest incidence of obesity in West Aceh with 592 cases and obese patients aged 55-70 years as many as 234 cases. This study aims to determine the relationship between physical activity, dietary patterns and the incidence of obesity in the elderly in the work area of Puskesmas of Johan Pahlawan of West Aceh Regency. This study is an analytical study with cross-sectional design. The sample in this study were all the elderly in the work area of Puskesmas of Johan Pahlawan of West Aceh Regency. The sample was taken using the cluster sampling method, with a total of 95 people. The data analysis technique used was the Spearman’s rank correlation test. It could be concluded from this analysis that there was a relationship between the incidence of obesity and physical activity (p-value = 0,000 <α = 0.05, r = 0.389); and dietary patterns (p-value = 0,000 <α = 0, 05, r = 0.284). In multivariate analysis, the data analysis technique used was multiple logistic regression test. From this analysis, it could be concluded that there was a relationship between the incidence of obesity and physical activity and dietary patterns (p-value = 0,000 <α = 0.05). Physical activity had the highest coefficient value (OR = 0.392) compared to dietary patterns, which indicated that those who had bad physical activity would have a risk of obesity 0.392 times more than those with bad dietary patterns. It is recommended for the Health Department to work together with nutritionists in dealing with obesity problems that occur in the elderly, create special activities to reduce the risk of obesity in the community, and encourage the community to be more active in doing physical activity, such as doing regular exercise.
Syncope: A Very Atypical Presentation of COVID-19
Authors: Shih Richard D. , Louis Paul M. , Alter Scott M. , Hughes Patrick G. , Solano Joshua J. , Clayton Lisa M.
Published: November 2020

Possible COVID-19 patients have presented commonly to United States Emergency Departments. Patients presenting with cough, fever and shortness of breath are easy to identify as suspected cases. Unfortunately, not all COVID-19 patients present this way. Atypical presentations are a risk factor for healthcare worker (HCW) transmission of this disease. In this case report we describe the unusual case of COVID-19 presenting as syncope without any other risk factors. HCWs need to be aware of atypical COVID-19 presentations and to maintain proper use of personal protective equipment.
Solar Energy Development and Social Sustainability: A Case Study on the Teknaf Solar Power Plant in Bangladesh
Authors: LIZA Zafrin Ahmed , AKTAR Hajera , ISLAM Mohammad Rakibul
Published: November 2020

Due to Bangladesh’s rapid development and fast-growing economy, the Government has placed an emphasis on ensuring a reliable and quality supply of electricity, to permit sustainable and financial development. The state’s policy on private sector involvement and the release of marginal lands for energy plantations is intended to enhance access to energy, through diversifying the energy supply. The country’s first solar park, with a capacity of 28 megawatts (MW), was established on 116 acres of land in Knila, Teknaf of Cox’s Bazar. This facility started producing electricity in September 2018, which is currently being added to the national grid. Solar power is one of the cleanest energy sources, but this does not guarantee that it will be sustainable for all societies. Sustainability is determined by three different parameters: environmental sustainability, social sustainability, and economic sustainability. This paper critically discusses the impact of the project on the socio-economic and agro-ecological conditions of the local people. Using the empirical research method, here the effects have been understood and analyzed from the perspective of the political economy.
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Criteria for Site Selection of Solar Parks in Bangladesh: A Delphi-AHP Analysis
Authors: RAHMAN Md. T. , AKTHER Mohammad Shakil , SARKER Soumitro K.
Published: November 2020

The demand for electricity is increasing fast in Bangladesh to sustain rapid economic growth. The largest share of electricity in Bangladesh is produced by fossil fuel powered electricity generation plants. Though solar energy has high potential in Bangladesh due to favorable geographical location, very little initiative has been taken to develop the solar energy sector. At present, the Bangladesh government’s approval criteria for site selection of solar energy parks does not have any scientific basis. Consequently, the present study was undertaken to develop the site selection criteria for solar parks in Bangladesh. Delphi method with AHP was used to determine the criteria and its weightage for site selection of solar energy park. Two rounds of questionnaire for the Delphi method were conducted: in the first, the criteria list was formulated, and in the second, the weightage of the criteria was finalized. The finalized criteria were: land cover (i.e., vegetation, water bodies, build up area, bare land), land slope, surface solar irradiance, land surface temperature, and location of power sub-stations. Among these, land cover and location of power sub-stations were found to have the highest significance for determining suitable locations for solar energy parks in regard to Bangladesh.
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The Aesthetics and Perception of Documentary Film: A mixed methods approach and Its implications for Artistic Research
Authors:   Zurich University of the Arts ZHdK, Iseli Christian , Dux Stefan ,   Zurich University of the Arts ZHdK, Loertscher Miriam Laura ,   Zurich University of the Arts ZHdK
Published: November 2020

The ongoing research project Gadgets, Phones and Drones at the Zurich University of the Arts investigates how innovations in camera technology have affected the visual aesthetics of documentary films since the 1990s. With specially produced variants of short films, historical paradigm shifts are being subjected to contemporary comparative analyses. Major aspects of the aesthetic change, as for instance the tendency towards a shallow depth of field, are linked to the concept of authenticity or perceived realism. The project’s use of interdisciplinary research is oriented towards artistic research, or more precisely, towards a practice-based approach and is combined with empirical audience experiments. The dialogue between qualitative and quantitative research, also known as mixed methods, has enabled surprising new insights. However, the comparability of quantitative methods risks narrowing down the aesthetic potential of the filmic products that are used to conduct the research. In order to maintain a discriminating discourse within the practice-based approach, it is therefore advantageous to extend the study’s framework beyond a quantitative and comparative research set-up and provide specific fields for artistic investigations.
Le potentiel théâtral chez David Foenkinos. Analyse du roman, du scénario et du film La Délicatesse
Authors: Alina Aluaș
Published: November 2020

"The Theatrical Potential in David Foenkinos’ Work. Analysis of the Novel, the Scenario and the Film “La Délicatesse”. Our interest, especially when it comes to the subject of literature, is to show the manner in which the text processing done by the author (script writer/director) brings to light the guidelines of the novelistic text’s semantics, which under careful analysis reveals a kind of personal myth of the novelist. The skewed, syncopated, interrupted writing which disrupts the chronotope serves the needs of the script as well as the director’s selective vision. Unconsciously, the novel seems to follow the structure of the theatrical model. These traits can also be found in the cinematographic structure of the film.

Keywords: love, eroticism, delicacy, theatricality, scenario, film.
"
Kapadokya Bölgesi’ndeki Kaya Oyma Depoların Tasarım Ölçütlerinin Sayısal Yöntemlerle Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Dinçer İsmail , Akın Mutluhan , Orhan Ahmet , Duru Can
Published: November 2020

Kapadokya Bölgesi’nde geniş yayılım sunan tüf ve ignimbirit türü piroklastik kayaçlar, sahip olduğu kolay
kazılabilirlik ve termal yalıtım özelliklerinden dolayı kaya oyma yapıların oluşturulması için uygun jeolojik
koşullar sunmaktadır. Bu kaya oyma yapılardan biri olan kayadan oyma soğuk hava depoları Kapadokya’nın önemli
ekonomik değerleri arasında yer almaktadır. Bu çalışmada Kapadokya Bölgesi’nde sayıları yaklaşık 1250 civarında
olan kayadan oyma depoların tasarım ölçütleri sayısal analizler yardımıyla incelenmiştir. Bu kapsamda farklı topuk
genişliği, örtü kalınlığı ve loca genişliğine sahip modeller göz önünde bulundurulmuştur. Yapılan analiz sonuçlarına
göre bölgede açılacak olan kayadan oyma soğuk hava depolarında sırasıyla örtü kalınlığı ve topuk genişliğinin 4 ve
2 metreden az olmayacak şekilde planlanması gerektiği sonucuna varılmıştır. 4 metreden daha az örtü kalınlıkları
çekme gerilmelerinin artmasına neden olurken, 2 metreden daha az ayak genişlikleri ise yapının ortasında gerilme
artışlarına neden olmaktadır. Bu değerlerden farklı olarak seçilen loca ve topuk genişliklerinde deformasyonlar
soğuk hava deposunun ortasında yer alan localarda artmakta ve kaya oyma deponun tamamı tek bir açıklık gibi
davranmaktadır. Kaya oyma depolar localar şeklinde planlandığından söz konusu yapıların tasarımında en önemli
nokta locaların ayrı birer açıklık gibi davranmasının sağlanmasıdır. Bu koşul uygun loca ve topuk genişliklerinin
tasarlanmasıyla mümkün olabilir.
Developing the methodology of early diagnosis of financial crises using a system of signaling economic indicators
Authors: Yashina N.I. , Kashina O.I. , Petrov S.S. , Pronchatova-Rubtsova N.N.
Published: November 2020

Subject. This article discusses new possibilities for diagnosing the state of the country's financial and economic system and monitoring the true signs of crisis phenomena.
Objectives. The article aims to develop effective methods of diagnosing and predicting financial crises in Russia using a special system of economic indicators and digital analytical tools.
Methods. For the study, we used the signaling approach, non-parametric and mathematical statistics, and econometric modeling.
Results. The article proposes a developed methodology for diagnosing crisis events, and tested on the basis of a sample of official data of the Federal State Statistics Service, the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation, the Central Bank of the Russian Federation, and the exchange information of the world financial markets for 1998–2019.
Conclusions. The study confirmed the prospects for using a signaling approach in combination with the binary choice model and econometric modeling methods to predict the onset of crisis events in the Russian economy. The proposed methodology for diagnosing financial market crises contributes to the development of scientific approaches to the analysis and forecasting of the price dynamics of financial markets and periods of their increased volatility. Its practical implementation provides information on emerging trends in financial and economic instability and assesses the likelihood of a financial crisis.
The model evaluating the propensity of the auditee's management to risk
Authors: Arzhenovskii S.V. , Sinyavskaya T.G. , Bakhteev A.V.
Published: November 2020

Subject. We identify what determines the risk propensity of those charged with financial reporting through surveying, so as the results could be subsequently applied in assessing the risk of material misstatement of financial reporting due to fraud.
Objectives. We herein outline the methodological framework for conducting risk assessment procedures with respect to material misstatements due to fraud as part of financial reporting audits. Thus, we set an econometric model to empirically evaluate the probable risk propensity of a person charged with financial reporting.
Methods. We applied the logistic regression model identified through empirical data of the survey we conducted among 515 employees of audited entities.
Results. For purposes of research, we specified and identified the econometric model of a binary choice. The higher risk propensity was observed among people above 45, those having mediocre or low income, one profession, working for large production enterprises.
Conclusions. What makes the technique advantageous is its low labor-intensity and higher efficiency of risk assessment procedures as part of audits. Based on the model, forecasts will help evaluate the propensity of the audited entity's management to the business risk. The findings can be used for analytical procedures in assessing the risk of material misstatements in financial statements due to fraud as part of audits, referring to its as the expected result. If the acceptability of a divergence between the expected and factual values is subsequently evaluated, this will help assess the risk of material misstatement in the audited entity's financial statements and determine whether additional auditing procedures are needed.
Innovation-oriented import substitution as the social and economic security of the regions of Russia
Authors: Sukhovei A.F. , Golova I.M.
Published: November 2020

Subject. The article focuses on the innovative import substitution as a requirement for the socio-economic security of the Russian Federation. Objectives. We address theoretical and methodological issues of the innovation-driven import substitution in order to update, command and use brand-new technologies for purposes of the production and economy. Methods. The study is based on statistical and economic-mathematical methods and methods of comparative analysis. We also apply our own techniques for evaluating the innovative and technological potential of regions. Results. We analyzed key approaches to understanding the concept of import substitution. The article provides our own interpretation of socio-economic security threats as issues caused due to the underdeveloped domestic production of food and technologies, which are strategic for the appropriate technological independence. We analyzed the foreign practice of import substitution and discovered the specifics, issues and weaknesses of the import substitution policy that Russia currently promotes. The article unveils the substance and specifics of innovation within the import substitution course as a sub-system of public administration of local socio-economic processes. Illustrating the Ural Federal District, we determined capabilities of old industrial regions as promising points of innovative import substitution. Conclusions and Relevance. Innovative import substitution is extremely important as a requirement for the socio-economic security of the Russian Federation so as to technologically advance the Russian economy and make it more competitive and sustainable. The article formulates priorities and key tasks of the innovative import substitution strategy in the Russian Federation. The article is intended for experts in innovation processes at the regional and federal levels.
Principles and mechanisms to stimulate the innovative development of regions
Authors: Yashin S.N. , Ivanov A.A. , Ivanova N.D.
Published: November 2020

Subject. This article analyzes the performance of the innovative development of Russia's regions.
Objectives. The article aims to develop an original classification of principles and mechanisms to stimulate innovation development of the regions.
Methods. For the study, we used statistical inquiry techniques, and the methods of classification, rating, and graphic visualization. The efficiency of innovation was assessed as the ratio of the volume of innovative products produced in the region to the amount of costs of technological innovation.
Results. The article identifies regions, districts and industries that are leaders in terms of the volume of innovation products shipped, innovation and distribution of funding, as well as areas that require certain measures to support innovation development.
Conclusions. To intensify innovation processes in industrial regions, comprehensive incentives at all levels of government are needed, taking into account the balance of interests of the stakeholders.
A comparative analysis of the economic damage caused by pollution of the natural environment in the model areas of the Russian Federation
Authors: Ayusheeva S.N.
Published: November 2020

Subject. This article analyzes the effectiveness of the existing economic mechanism of environmental management.
Objectives. The article aims to assess the economic damage caused by air and water pollution in the selected (model) regions of the Russian Federation.
Methods. For the study, I used the methods of comparative, systems, and structural analyses, and analytical calculation.
Results. The article shows the extent of anthropogenic effects on atmospheric air and water resources based on specific indicators for the prevailing pollutant.
Conclusions. The article concludes about the need to improve the budget policy of the regions.
Kajian Terkini CoronaVirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)
Authors: Morfi Chicy Widya , Junaidi Ahmad , Elsesmita Elsesmita , Asrini Diana Nur , Lestari Dya Mulya , Medison Irvan , Russilawati Russilawati , Fauzar Fauzar , Kurniati Roza , Yani Finny Fitry
Published: November 2020

The COVID-19 outbreak in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China, caused by a newly known coronavirus strain, SARS-CoV-2, up to March 3th, 2020, has caused 90.870 confirmed cases to be reported from 72 countries (including Indonesia) with 3.112 deaths (CFR 3,4%). Upper airway swab and lower airway aspirate specimens from suspected patients are required for examination by the RT-PCR microbiological method for establishing COVID-19. There are no specific antivirals for the management of COVID-19. On January, 30th, 2020 WHO has established Covid-19 as the Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC), but the increase in the number of cases is fast enough so that on March,11th 2020, WHO has established Covid-19 as a pandemic.
Kandungan Timbal pada Sala Lauak yang Dijual di Pasar Raya Padang Akibat Penggunaan Kertas Ketikan sebagai Pembungkus
Authors: Cita Habifa Mulya , Asterina Asterina , Aliska Gestina
Published: November 2020

Latar Belakang. Timbal merupakan logam berat yang dapat memberikan efek buruk terhadap kesehatan manusia. Timbal masuk ke dalam tubuh manusia melalui saluran pernafasan, saluran cerna, dan kulit. Makanan dapat terkontaminasi oleh timbal apabila pengemasan tidak tepat, misalnya pada sala lauak yang dibungkus menggunakan kertas ketikan dapat masuk ke dalam tubuh.
Objektif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan adanya kandungan timbal pada sala lauak yang dijual di Pasar Raya akibat penggunaan kertas ketikan sebagai pembungkus.
Metode. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif dan dilakukan di Laboratorium Air Fakultas Teknik Lingkungan Universitas Andalas pada Mei 2018 – November 2018. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 34 sampel terdiri 17 sampel sala lauak yang dibungkus kertas ketikan dan 17 sampel yang tidak dibungkus kertas ketikan dengan menggunakan teknik total sampling. Pemeriksaan sampel menggunakan alat ICP (Inductively Coupled Plasma).
Hasil. Hasil penelitian didapatkan seluruh sala lauak yang dijual pedagang di Pasar Raya Padang positif mengandung timbal, baik yang dibungkus kertas ketikan maupun yang tidak dibungkus. Rata-rata kadar timbal pada sala lauak yang dibungkus sebesar 0,172 ppm dan sala lauak yang tidak dibungkus sebesar 0,167 ppm.
Kesimpulan. seluruh sampel sala lauak mengandung logam timbal dan terdapat peningkatan kadar timbal akibat pembungkusan.
Kata kunci: logam timbal, sala lauak, kertas ketikan
Hubungan Dukungan Suami terhadap Kelengkapan Kunjungan ANC di Puskesmas Lubuk Buaya
Authors: De Laila Inge , Burhan Ida Rahman , Handayani Tuti
Published: November 2020

Melakukan kunjungan ANC sesuai standar merupakan salah satu cara untuk meningkatkan status kesehatan ibu hamil dalam rangka menurunkan angka kematian ibu di Indonesia. Cakupan ANC di Puskesmas Lubuk Buaya yang belum mencapai target dalam dua tahun terakhir, menggambarkan bahwa masih ada ibu hamil yang tidak melakukan kunjungan ANC sesuai standar. Keterlibatan suami selama kehamilan dapat menjadi faktor pendorong untuk memeriksakan kehamilan.  Penelitian ini adalah penelitian analitik menggunakan desain cross sectional dan dianalisis dengan menggunakan uji chi-square. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah consecutive sampling dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak tiga puluh enam orang ibu hamil yang berkunjung ke Puskesmas Lubuk Buaya dari bulan Januari 2019 - Februari 2019 dengan usia kandungan ≥ tiga puluh enam minggu. Data diambil menggunakan kuesioner untuk menilai dukungan suami. Sebanyak 52.8% ibu hamil melakukan ANC lengkap sesuai standar (K4). Dukungan suami baik pada ibu hamil ditemukan sebanyak 61.1 % dari total responden Berdasarkan dari hasil penelitian terdapat hubungan antara dukungan suami dengan kelengkapan kunjungan ANC (=0.003). Adanya hubungan yang signfikan antara dukungan suami dengan kelengkapan kunjungan ANC. Untuk itu tenaga kesehatan perlu memberikan informasi dan pendidikan tentang kesehatan ibu hamil tidak hanya kepada ibu hamil tetapi juga kepada suaminya.
Kata kunci: Kunjungan ANC, K4, Dukungan Suami
Pengaruh Pemberian Ekstrak Ubi Jalar Ungu terhadap Kadar Glukosa Darah dan MDA Hepar Tikus Hiperglikemia
Authors: Pratiwi Annisa , Alioes Yustini , Aprilia Dinda
Published: November 2020

Latar Belakang. Ubi jalar ungu mengandung senyawa antioksidan berupa antosianin, asam fenolat, vitamin A, C, dan E. Antioksidan dapat meredam kerusakan oksidatif pada sel beta pankreas sehingga mampu meningkatkan sekresi insulin serta mengurangi stres oksidatif pada DM.
Objektif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian ekstrak ubi jalar ungu terhadap kadar glukosa darah dan MDA hepar tikus hiperglikemia.
Metode. Penelitian ini merupakan true experimental dengan post-test only control group design. Sebanyak 24 ekor tikus dibagi menjadi empat kelompok, yaitu kontrol negatif (K-), kontrol positif (K+), perlakuan satu (P1), dan perlakuan dua (P2). Kelompok P1 dan P2 diinduksi aloksan dan diberikan ekstrak  ubi jalar ungu dosis 150 mg/kgBB dan 200 mg/kgBB selama 21 hari.
Hasil. Terdapat perbedaan signifikan kadar glukosa darah antara kelompok P1 dan P2 dengan kelompok K+ dengan nilai p = 0,000. Terdapat perbedaan signifikan kadar MDA hepar antara kelompok P1 dibandingkan K- dan K+ dengan nilai p = 0,001 dan p = 0,046, kelompok P2 dibandingkan K- dan K+ dengan nilai p = 0,037 dan p = 0,001.
Kesimpulan. Ekstrak ubi jalar ungu berpengaruh dalam menurunkan kadar glukosa darah dan MDA hepar tikus hiperglikemia.
Kata kunci: ubi jalar ungu, glukosa darah, MDA hepar
 
Background. Purple sweet potato contains antioxidant compounds such as anthocyanin, phenolic acid, vitamin A, C, and E. Antioxidants can reduce oxidative damaged of mitochondria in pancreatic beta cell resulting an increase in insulin secretion and a decrease oxidative stress in DM patients.  
Objective. This study aimed to determine the effect of giving purple sweet potato extract on blood glucose levels and liver MDA in hyperglycemic rats.
Methods. This study was true experimental with post-test only control group design. A total of 24 rats were divided into 4  groups, namely negative control (K-), positive control (K+), treatment one (P1), and treatment two (P2). P1 and P2 group were induced by alloxan and given purple sweet potato extract dose of 150 mg/kgBB and 200 mg/kgBB for 21 days.
Result. There were significant differences between P1 and P2 with K+ group with p value = 0,000. There were significant difference between P1 group with the K- and K+ group with p value = 0.001 and 0,046, P2 compared to K- and K+ group with p value = 0.037 and p = 0,001.
Conclusion. Purple sweet potato extract can reduce the level of blood glucose level and MDA in liver tissues.
Efektivitas Injeksi Intravitreal Anti-VEGF Terhadap Tajam Penglihatan pada Pasien Retinopati Diabetik
Authors: Salsabila Nadhifah , Vitresia Havriza , Rustini Rini
Published: November 2020

Latar Belakang. Retinopati diabetik kelainan mata tersering paling ditakuti karena menyebabkan kebutaan permanen. Kejadiannya terus meningkat seiring peningkatan prevalensi DM. Injeksi anti vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) dalam terapi DME menggeser signifikan terapi primer dari terapi laser menjadi injeksi intravitreal.
Objektif. Mengetahui efektivitas pemberian injeksi intravitreal anti-VEGF terhadap tajam penglihatan pada pasien retinopati diabetik di Poliklinik Mata RSUP dr. M. Djamil Padang periode Januari 2018 – Desember 2019.
Metode. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan retrospektif. Data dikumpulkan dari rekam medis pasien retinopati diabetik. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan total sampling, didapatkan 25 sampel yang memenuhi kriteria pada periode 2018-2019.
Hasil. Injeksi intravitreal anti-VEGF diberikan pada pasien retinopati diabetik dengan NPDR sedang dengan DME (60%), NPDR berat dengan DME (16%), serta PDR (24%). Berdasarkan kategori ketajaman penglihatan WHO, terdapat 48% pasien mengalami perbaikan visus, 44% pasien tetap pada kategori yang sama, dan 8% pasien dengan visus memburuk.
Simpulan. Pemberian injeksi intravitreal anti – VEGF efektif terhadap perubahan tajam penglihatan pada pasien retinopati diabetik.
Kata kunci: retinopati diabetik, injeksi intravitreal anti-VEGF.
Karakteristik Kasus Kematian dengan Temuan Cedera Kepala Periode 2018 - 2019
Authors: Mudzakir Muhammad Tsani , Susanti Rika , Noverial Noverial
Published: November 2020

Cedera kepala adalah suatu kerusakan pada kepala, bukan bersifat kongenital ataupun degeneratif, tetapi disebabkan oleh serangan atau benturan fisik dari luar, yang dapat menyebabkan gangguan pada kemampuan kognitif dan fungsi fisik.Cedera kepala masih menjadi penyebab utama morbiditas dan mortalitas pada populasi dunia berumur dibawah 45 tahun. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik kematian dengan temuan cedera kepala di Rumah Sakit Umum Pendidikan Dr. M. Djamil Padang tahun 2018 – 2019.
            Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif retrospektif dengan desain cross sectional menggunakan data sekunder terhadap 121 kasus kematian dengan temuan cedera kepala yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi di RSUP Dr. M.Djamil Padang tahun 2018 – 2019. Dengan metode pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik total sampling.
            Hasil penelitian didapatkan 121 kasus kematian dengan temuan cedera kepala yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Jenis kelamin terbanyak adalah laki-laki (72,7%), terjadi terutama pada kelompok usia 18 hingga 65 tahun (62,8%). Kategori pekerjaan dengan kasus terbanyak adalah pelajar (26,5%). Penyebab paling umum dari cedera kepala adalah kecelakaan lalulintas (88,4%). Lokasi kematian terbanyak terjadi di rumah sakit (89,3%).
Prevalensi Nyeri Tenggorok Pascaoperasi dengan Pemberian Lubrikasi VCO pada Pemasangan LMA
Authors: Rianti Rahmadhya Khairina , Kurnia Dedy , Afdal Afdal
Published: November 2020

Background. Postoperative sore throat (POST) is a common complication after general anaesthesia. It affects patient satisfaction and can affect activity after discharge. The supraglottic airway device (SAD) offers an alternative to traditional tracheal intubation with potential benefit in preventing sore throat. Numerous agents have been used as lubricant to reduce the incidence of POST with variable efficacy. The purpose of this study is to determine the prevalence of postoperative sore throat in patients with Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) as a lubricant for Laryngeal Mask Airway (LMA) insertion in patients undergoing general anaesthesia for elective surgery.
Objective. Determine the prevalence of postoperative sore throat in patients by giving Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) as a lubricant for the Laryngeal Mask Airway (LMA) installation under general anesthesia for elective surgery.
Methods. This is an observational descriptive study, was conducted in December 2019 until June 2020 at Surgical Installation RSUP dr. M. Djamil Padang and Andalas University Hospital. Forty-two subjects were recruited to this study taken by using consecutive sampling technique.
Results. Patients evaluated about sore throat at immediately, 2 hours, and 24 hours post-operative period. POST was observed in 47,6% of the patients in immediate post-operative period. After 2 hours 23,8% patients had sore-throat, and after 24 hours 9,5% patients had sore-throat. Among patients had sore throat after 24 hours, the intensity was mild.
Conclusion. We conclude that lubricating cuff of LMA with VCO can reduce the prevalence of POST.
Keyword: Laryngeal Mask Airway, sore throat, Virgin Coconut Oil
Hubungan ASI Eksklusif dan Riwayat ISPA Terhadap Kolonisasi Streptococcus pneumoniae pada Swab Nasofaring Anak Bawah Dua Tahun
Authors: Rani Indri Permata , Yani Finny Fitry
Published: November 2020

Pneumonia merupakan penyebab kematian utama pada anak di dunia. Streptococcus pneumoniae (S. pneumoniae) sebagai bakteri terbanyak penyebab pneumonia dapat membentuk kolonisasi di nasofaring anak. Faktor yang mempengaruhi kolonisasi S. pneumoniae ini diantaranya adalah pemberian air susu ibu (ASI) ekslusif dan infeksi saluran pernafasan akut (ISPA) pada anak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan pemberian ASI ekslusif dan riwayat ISPA terhadap kolonisasi S. pneumoniae pada swab nasofaring anak usia bawah dua tahun. Penelitian ini merupakan studi analitik dengan metode cross sectional pada 30 orang anak usia bawah dua tahun. Data mengenai pemberian ASI eksklusif dan riwayat ISPA didapatkan dari hasil wawancara langsung pada saat pengambilan swab nasofaring anak. Analisis data menggunakan uji chi square.  Hasil yang didapatkan pada penelitian ini sebanyak 63,3% dari anak usia bawah dua tahun ditemukan adanya kolonisasi S. pneumoniae dari hasil swab nasofaring. Hasil analisis data menggunakan chi square diperoleh nilai p=0,637 untuk hubungan pemberian ASI eksklusif terhadap kolonisasi S. pneumoniae, dan hubungan riwayat ISPA terhadap kolonisasi S. pneumoniae nilai p=0,245. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini tidak terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara pemberian ASI eksklusif dan riwayat ISPA terhadap kolonisasi S. pnuemoniae pada swab nasofaring anak usia bawah dua tahun
Hubungan antara Tingkat Stres dengan Dismenore Primer pada Mahasiswi Tahun Pertama Program Studi Kedokteran Angkatan 2018 Fakultas Kedokteran
Authors: Sriwati Almira Rosyidika , Ermawati Ermawati , Isrona Laila
Published: November 2020

Abstrak
Dismenore primer merupakan keluhan ginekologis yang sering terjadi pada remaja di dunia. Dismenore primer akan berdampak pada kualitas hidup, dapat menurunkan konsentrasi belajar seseorang karena nyeri yang dirasakan. Salah satu faktor risiko dismenore primer adalah stres. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara tingkat stres dengan dismenore primer pada mahasiswi tahun pertama program studi kedokteran angkatan 2018 Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Andalas. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah cross sectional dengan teknik total sampling dengan jumlah sampel 146 orang. Data responden diperoleh dari kuisioner. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji Fhiser. Hasil penelitian menunjukan lebih dari separuh responden tidak stres (65,1 %) dan tidak dismenore primer (93, 8%). Hasil analisis bivariat menunjukan tidak terdapat hubungan antara tingkat stres dengan dismenore primer dengan p=0,720 (p> 0,05). Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah sebagian besar mahasiswi tahun pertama tidak mengalami dismenore primer dan tidak stres. Tidak terdapat hubungan antara tingkat stres dengan dismenore primer.
kunci : stres, dismenore primer, mahasiswi tahun pertama.
 
Abstract
      Primary dysmenorrhea is a gynecological complaint that often occurs in adolescents in the world. Primary dysmenorrhea will have an impact on quality of life, can reduce the concentration of learning because of the pain. One of the risk factor for primary dysmenorrhea is stress. This study was conducted to determine the relationship between stress levels and primary dysmenorrhea in the first year female medical students of the 2018 registered year at Medical Faculty of Andalas University.Cross-sectional study design with total sampling technique was used with 146 people of  total sample. Respondents's data were obtained from questionnaires. Data were analyzed by using the Fhiser test. The results showed that more than half of the respondents were not stressed (65.1 %) and neither have primary dysmenorrhea (93.8%). The results of bivariate analysis showed that there was no correlation between stress levels and primary dysmenorrhea with p = 0.720 (p> 0.05). The conclusion of this study is most of the first year female medical did not experience primary dysmenorrhea and were not stressed. There are no relationship between stress levels with primary dysmenorrhea.
Keywords : stress, primary dysmenorrhea, first year female students
Gambaran Infeksi Protozoa Usus Pada Murid Sekolah Dasar Negeri 22 Andalas, Padang
Authors: Joseph Luois Joseph , Rahmatini Rahmatini , Hasmiwati Hasmiwati
Published: November 2020

Infeksi protozoa usus merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan di dunia dan sering terjadi pada murid-murid sekolah dasar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui angka kejadian protozoa usus pada murid Sekolah Dasar Negeri 22 Andalas, Padang. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian deskriptif dan menggunakan teknik Consecutive Sampling. Penelitian dilakukan di Sekolah Dasar Negeri 22 Andalas, Padang dari bulan Juli 2017 hingga Oktober 2018 dan didapatkan sampel sebanyak 36 sampel tinja. Selanjutnya sampel diperiksa dengan menggunakan metode modifikasi pewarnaan Ziehl Neelsen. Dari penelitian ini didapat angka infeksi protozoa usus sebesar 13,9% dan jenis spesies protozoa usus yang ditemukan pada pemeriksaan tinja adalah Mixed infected (Cryptosporidium dan E. histolytica), Giardia lamblia, Cryptosporidium sp dan Blastocystis hominis. Protozoa usus ini ditemukan lebih tinggi pada perempuan dibandingkan laki-laki. Spesies lebih banyak ditemukan yaitu Giardia lamblia sebesar 40%. Pencegahan infeksi perlu dilakukan, sehingga angka kesakitan dapat dikurangi.
Kata kunci : Protozoa usus, G.lamblia, E. histolitica, Cryptosporidium, B.hominis, Mixed infected
Gambaran Pasien Laryngopharyngeal Reflux di Bagian Poliklinik THT-KL RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang Periode 2017.
Authors: Sa'an Nadhirah binti , Asyari Ade , Fitri Fachzi
Published: November 2020

Abstrak
Latar Belakang. Laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) adalah aliran balik cairan lambung ke laring, faring, trakea dan bronkus.
Objektif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat gambaran pasien dengan LPR di bagian Poliklinik THT-KL RSUP Dr. M. Djamil, Padang periode 2017.
Metode. Jenis penelitian ini adalah merupakan deskriptif retrospektif yang menggunakan data sekunder diambil dari rekam medis pasien LPR di Poliklinik THT-KL RSUP Dr. M. Djamil, Padang periode 2017. Sampel pada penelitian ini diambil dengan teknik total sampling, dimana didapatkan populasi pasien dengan LPR sebanyak 89 orang yaitu 20% daripada jumlah pasien di Sub Bagian Laringofaring.
Hasil. Hasil penelitian ini didapatkan bahwa terdapat 83 orang pasien yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan dimasukkan ke dalam penelitian. Frekuensi kasus LPR lebih tinggi pada jenis kelamin perempuan sebanyak 55 orang (66,27%) berbanding laki-laki sebanyak 28 orang (33,73%) dengan rasio 2:1. Kelompok usia terbanyak pasien LPR pada penelitian ini adalah 46-55 tahun sebanyak 32 orang (38,55%), dengan rata-rata usia pasien adalah 49,30±12,12 tahun. Gejala terbanyak yang dikeluhkan pasien adalah sensasi mengganjal di tenggorok / globus pharyngeus (78,31%). Sementara pilihan pengobatan yang paling banyak diresepkan adalah Lansoprazol  (93,98%).
Kesimpulan. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa jumlah pasien LPR adalah sebanyak 20% dari seluruh pasien Sub Bagian Laringofaring.
Kata Kunci: LPR, Gejala, Pengobatan
 
Abstract
Background. Laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) is the backflow of gastric fluid into the larynx, pharynx, trachea and bronchi.
Objectives. This study aims to see the pattern of patients with  LPR in the Polyclinic of ENT-HN Department at Dr. M. Djamil Hospital, Padang in 2017 period.
Method. This type of research was a retrospective descriptive which using secondary data taken from the medical record of LPR patients at the Polyclinic of ENT-HN Department at Dr. M. Djamil Hospital, Padang period 2017. The sample in this study was taken by total sampling technique, which obtained 89 patients of LPR as the population  that represented 20% of patients in the sub-section of laryngopharynx.
Results.The results showed 83 patients who met the inclusion criteria and were included in the study. The cases of LPR was higher in female as many as 55 people (66,27%) compared to men as many as 28 people (33,73%) with a ratio of 2:1. The largest age group of LPR patients in this study was 46-55 years as many as 32 people (38,55%), with the average age of patients was 49,30 ± 12,12 years. The most symptoms complained were the sensation of lump in the throat / globus pharyngeus (78,31%). While the most prescribed medicine options are Lansoprazole (93,98%).
Conclusion. It can be concluded that the number of LPR patients is as much as 20% of all Laryngopharyngeal Sub Division patients.
Keywords: LPR, Symptoms, Medicines.
Profil Kejadian Fraktur Humerus Pada Anak Di RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang
Authors: Wisnu Satiti Rr Dyana , Sahputra Roni Eka , Silvia Roza
Published: November 2020

Latar Belakang. Fraktur sampai saat ini masih menjadi  masalah utama dalam bidang kesehatan karena dapat mengenai semua kelompok usia, terutama anak-anak. Fraktur suprakondiler merupakan fraktur tersering yang ditemukan pada fraktur humerus anak dikarenakan faktor anatomi dan peristiwa trauma tunggal seperti kecelakaan lalu lintas dan terjatuh dari ketinggian.
Objectif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui profil kejadian fraktur humerus pada anak yang dirawat di RSUP dr. M. Djamil Padang pada tahun 2014-2017.
Metode. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan menggunakan data sekunder terhadap 43 pasien anak yang mengalami fraktur humerus dan telah menjalani terapi di Bagian Orthopedi RSUP dr. M. Djamil Padang pada tahun 2014-2017. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik total sampling. Hasil penelitian didapatkan 43 kasus fraktur humerus pada anak antara tahun 2014-2017 di RSUP dr. M. Djamil Padang.
Hasil. Terjadi peningkatan kasus pada tahun 2015 (37,2%). Kelompok usia terbanyak adalah usia 12-17 tahun (48,9%) dan angka kejadian tertinggi dari semua kasus ditemukan pada anak laki-laki (74,4%). Lokasi fraktur yang paling sering adalah pada distal humerus (69,3%), lebih spesifik yaitu pada daerah suprakondiler humerus (46,5%). Berdasarkan jenis fraktur didapatkan fraktur tertutup (76,7%) lebih sering ditemukan dibanding fraktur terbuka (23,3%). Tatalaksana yang sering digunakan yaitu dengan terapi operatif (76,7%). Trauma tunggal (100%) merupakan satu-satunya penyebab fraktur humerus pada anak dengan kecelakan lalu lintas (67,4%) merupakan penyebab tersering terjadinya trauma tersebut.
Kesimpulan. Terdapat peningkatan fraktur humerus pada anak setiap tahunnya. Oleh sebab itu, perlunya pengawasan orang tua terhadap anak-anak agar dapat menurunkan angka kejadian fraktur humerus pada anak.
Profil Paparan Asap Rokok Lingkungan pada Pasien Kanker Payudara di Sumatera Barat Tahun 2020
Authors: Mardhotilla Fathma , Harahap Wirsma Arif , Lestari Yuniar
Published: November 2020

Latar Belakang. Kanker payudara merupakan keganasan pada perempuan terbanyak ke-dua di dunia dan merupakan keganasan dengan tingkat kejadian tertinggi ke-dua di Indonesia. Kanker payudara disebabkan oleh faktor risiko yang dapat dimodifikasi dan tidak dapat dimodifikasi. Salah satu faktor risiko yang dapat dimodifikasi yang dicurigai menyebabkan kanker payudara adalah paparan asap rokok lingkungan, baik paparan asap rokok dari suami, rekan kerja, dan orang tua saat kecil.
Objektif. Mengetahui profil paparan asap rokok lingkungan pada pasien kanker payudara di Sumatera Barat tahun 2020
Metode. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 107 orang pasien yang sedang rawat jalan atau rawat inap di di Bagian Bedah RSUP Dr. M. Djamil, RS Pendidikan Universitas Andalas, dan RSI Ibnu Sina Padang dari Januari 2020 – Maret 2020.
Hasil. Sebanyak 90 (84,1%) pasien terpapar asap rokok lingkungan.
Simpulan. Pasien yang terpapar asap rokok lingkungan lebih banyak lima kali lipat daripada yang tidak terpapar asap rokok lingkungan.
Kata kunci:  kanker payudara, faktor risiko yang dapat dimodifikasi, paparan asap rokok lingkungan, sumatera barat
 
Background. Breast cancer is the second most common malignancy in women in the world and the second highest malignancy incidence rate in Indonesia. Breast cancer is caused by modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors One of the modifiable risk factors factor suspected of causing breast cancer is exposure to environmental cigarette smoke, such as exposure to cigarette smoke from  husband, coworkers, and parents as a child.
Objective. To determine the he profile of environmental cigarette smoke exposure in breast cancer patients in West Sumatra in 2020.
Methods. This research is a descriptive study with a sample of 107 patients who are being treated as outpatients or inpatients in the Department of Surgery Dr. M. Djamil, Andalas University Hospital, and Ibnu Sina Padang Hospital from January 2020 - March 2020
 Results. 90 (84.1%) patients were exposed to environmental cigarette smoke
 Conclusion. Patients who are exposed to environmental cigarette smoke are lima times more likely than those who are not exposed
Keyword: breast cancer, modifiable risk factor, environmental cigarette smoke, West Sumatra
Identifikasi Senyawa Natrium Benzoat pada Cabai Merah Giling yang Dijual di Pasar Raya Kota Padang
Authors: Zar'a Zakiya , Elmatris Elmatris , Isrona Laila
Published: November 2020

Background. Red chili is a spice that is consumed by many people, in the form of fruit or grinded. Grinded red chili has a low shelf life and is easily overgrown by destructive microorganisms, therefore it needs preservatives such as sodium benzoate which can inhibit the destruction. Based on regulation of National Agency of Drug and Food Control Republic of Indonesia No. 36/2013, the maximum limit of sodium benzoate in seasoning is 0.6 g/kg.
Objective. to identify sodium benzoate and its level in grinded red chili has been sold in Pasar Raya Padang based on BPOM standard.
Methods. The type of research is descriptive research, conducted at UPTD Balai Laboratorium Kesehatan Sumatera Barat from September 2019 to July 2020. The research sample consisted of 35 samples obtained by total sampling method. Results. All of grinded red chilies used as sample were positive containing sodium benzoate. Average levels of sodium benzoate in grinded red chili is 0,144 g/kg. The level of sodium benzoate in each sample is below National Agency of Drug and Food Control Republic of Indonesia standard (<0,6 g/kg).
Conclusion. All samples of grinded red chilies were positive containing sodium benzoate with appropriate levels as stated in National Agency of Drug and Food Control Republic of Indonesia provision.
Keywords : grinded red chili, sodium benzoate, Spectrophotometer UV-Visible.