bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Peculiarities of the microscopic structure of rat testis under the influence of Vipera berus berus venom
Authors: Niyazmetov Т. S.
Published: December 2023

Morpho-functional changes in the organs of the male reproductive system are usually associated with injuries, infectious diseases, age, lifestyle, the presence of bad habits (abuse of alcohol, drugs), the influence of environmental factors, etc. However, the action of natural toxins, in particular those that are components of animal venoms, including the venoms of snakes and vipers, is no less important. The aim of the research is to study the features of the microscopic structure of the testis of rats under the influence of Vipera berus berus venom. Experimental studies were carried out on white non-linear male rats. Animals were conditionally divided into two groups – control and experimental, 10 individuals in each. Experimental rats were injected intraperitoneally with a semi-lethal dose (LD50) (1.576 mg/g-1) of Vipera berus berus venom in physiological solution. Animals of the control group were injected intraperitoneally with only saline solution. Rats were removed from the experiment 24 hours after exposure of the venom, anesthetized by cervical dislocation. Testis samples were taken for microscopic examination. Fixation of the material and preparation of paraffin blocks were carried out according to generally accepted methods. Staining of histological preparations of the testis was carried out with hematoxylin and eosin. Histological preparations were studied using a SEO SСAN light microscope. Administration of Vipera berus berus venom to rats leads to the development of pathogistological changes in the parenchymal elements of the testis of animals, among which desquamation and disorganization of all stages of spermatogenic cells development, disruption of spermatogenesis processes were the most pronounced. Spermatogenic cells of the seminiferous tubules of the testis were distinguished by changes in morphology and location, lost the regularity of their placement, and their number decreased. The cells detached from the basement membrane and did not form a continuous layer. A characteristic feature was the presence of clusters of erythrocytes in the lumen of the seminiferous tubules, which may indicate the development of hemorrhagic complications. In addition, an increase in the number of Leydig cells was detected, which is probably the cause of changes in the hormonal regulation of the organ's function.
Histological changes in the liver of rats under the influence of Vipera berus berus venom
Authors: Turbal L. V. , Yaremenko L. M. , Maievskyi O. Ye.
Published: December 2023

Animal venoms contain a whole complex of compounds, among which there are peptides, proteins, as well as other organic molecules and salts. Their toxins are able to cause pronounced disturbances in the functioning of physiological systems, leading to the appearance of pathological conditions, complications, or even death. The aim of the research is to study the histological changes in the liver of rats under the influence of Vipera berus berus venom. Experimental studies were carried out on white non-linear male rats. The animals were conditionally divided into two groups – a control and an experimental group of 10 individuals in each. Experimental rats were injected intraperitoneally with a semi-lethal dose (LD50) (1.576 mg/g-1) of Vipera berus berus venom in saline solution. Animals of the control group were injected intraperitoneally with only saline solution. Rats were removed from the experiment 24 hours after exposure to the venom, anesthetized by cervical dislocation. Liver samples of animals of all groups were taken for microscopic examination. Histological preparations of the liver were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Histological preparations were studied using a SEO SСAN light microscope. To identify the key enzyme of the citric acid cycle – succinate dehydrogenase, histochemical studies were performed according to the Nakhlas method. To study the features of glycogen accumulation in hepatocytes, sections were stained using Schiff's reagent, after pretreatment with iodic acid (PAS reaction) in Shabadash's modification. An immunohistochemical research method was used to detect a subpopulation of CD86+ cells in the liver of experimental animals. Under the influence of Vipera berus berus venom, the development of alterative changes in the liver parenchyma and vascular disorders were microscopically revealed. The appearance of foci of leukocyte infiltration was established, which indicates the development of inflammatory processes. A histochemical study of the content of succinate dehydrogenase in the liver of animals injected with Vipera berus berus venom showed uneven activity of the mitochondrial enzyme in the lobules. A histochemical study of glycogen in hepatocytes of the liver of rats exposed to Vipera berus berus venom showed a decrease in the content of trophic inclusions. An increase in the population of CD86+ cells indicates reactive inflammatory processes observed in the body as a result of the action of components of Vipera berus berus venom.
Electron microscopic changes in interstitial endocrinocytes of rats testicles during administration of triptorellin for 365 days
Authors: Stetsuk Ye. V. , Shepitko V. I. , Boruta N. V. , Vilkhova O. V. , Skotarenko T. A. , Rud M. V.
Published: December 2023

Triptorelin is a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist that is a potent inhibitor of testosterone (in men) and estrogen (in women) synthesis and is used to treat advanced prostate cancer. Studies of the mechanisms of regulation and synthesis of testosterone formation in testicular interstitial cells demonstrate multiple endogenous targets that can increase testosterone biosynthesis, which may moderate the effects of testosterone depletion. Triptorelin, a synthetic analog of the neurohormone gonadoliberin, suppresses the expression of the GnRH receptor in the pituitary gland, but does not change the functioning of the pituitary-testicular complex. The purpose of the work is to study the electron microscopic changes in the interstitial endocrinocytes of the testes of rats after the administration of triptorelin for 365 days. The experiment was conducted on 35 sexually mature male white rats. The rats were divided into 2 groups: the control group (I) was injected with a physiological solution, the II group with central deprivation of the synthesis of luteinizing hormone was injected subcutaneously with triptorelin at a dose of 0.3 mg of the active substance per kg of the rat's body weight. The study of the interstitial space in the testicles of white rats showed that long-term administration of triptorelin causes hormonal dysregulation of the hypothalamus-pituitary-testis system, which leads to quantitative and qualitative changes in the endocrine cells of the interstitial space of the testis, which is confirmed by electron microscopic changes in subcellular structures. The maximum effect of triptorelin is determined from the 180th day of observation, which is characterized by an increase in degenerative changes in endocrinocytes, and the detection of Reinke crystals in the cytoplasm of interstitial endocrinocytes from the 270th day of observation.
Paradoxical and Insufficient? Gender Quotas and Placement Mandates in Bosnia and Herzegovina’s 2020 Local Elections
Authors: Karic Mirsad , Aydin Šejma , Korkut Huseyin , Mulalić Muhidin
Published: December 2023

Bosnia and Herzegovina is ranked 73rd in the Global Gender Gap Index 2022. A questionable democratisation process, ethnonationalism, and changes in the political culture strongly affected gender equality, participation, and representation in Bosnia and Herzegovina. This article tackles the impact of preferential voting on the representation of women in the local councils following the last Local Elections in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The effect of gender quotas and placement mandates are examined across the following determinants: electoral unit magnitude, local community urbanisation rate, ethnic composition of municipalities, and ideological foundation of political parties. To test the main objectives and research questions, this paper examines the impact of preferential voting on gender political representation. A complete dataset for all candidates and municipalities of the 2020 Local Elections, officially released by the State Election Commission, was used. The descriptive analysis indicates that 19.86% of women candidates have been elected to the local councils. With regards to the residence, female candidates from rural areas have a lower tendency of being elected than candidates from highly urban municipalities. Regarding ethnicity, the number of seats won by female candidates was the largest for candidates with a Serb majority, followed by the Bosniak and the Croat ones. When considering political orientation, female candidates from parties with centrist political orientation have a higher tendency of being elected, closely followed by female candidates from parties with a leftist orientation. 
Keywords: Gender Gap; Preferential Voting; Representation; Electoral Systems; 2020 Local Elections; Bosnia and Herzegovina
Validation of a Sejahtera Living Index Using the Rasch Model
Authors: Abdullah Muhammad Faris , Nordin Mohamad Sahari , Hussien Suhailah , Mohd Alwi Norhayati , Rabe Noor Suzilawati
Published: December 2023

The Maqāṣid al-Sharī’ah is a framework of divine values and beliefs that govern the life of a Muslim person. It contains clear guidelines on how to live the good life the way the religion sees it and on what constitutes quality of life, happiness, and wellbeing for the Muslim. In more precise terms, the maqāṣid al-sharī’ah guides Muslim in regard to how they can achieve a sejahtera life. Although sejahtera living is a fundamental and a highly important concept, it is not widely researched or addressed in the current body of empirical literature. One can see that there is a paucity of empirical data on sejahtera living. To address this research gap, this study first developed a scale to measure sejahtera living and subsequently examined its validity. It also estimated the index scores of sejahtera living among students and employees of a public university in Malaysia. This paper reports on the findings of this validation exercise which involved a sample 1,057 lecturers, nonacademic staff, and postgraduate and undergraduate students. Data were collected using a content validated 34-item questionnaire created based on the dimensions of the maqāṣid al-sharī’ah. The results of the Rasch measurement analysis provided evidence for the validity of the sejahtera living construct in terms of the good fit of the items, reliability and separation indexes, response category functioning, dimensionality, and construct validity. The extracted logit interval scores were used to construct linear measures of the baseline sejahtera living index. The findings support the need for instructional interventions and training to sustain and improve the quality of sejahtera living among Muslims.
Seminar on Da‘wah in Kuala Lumpur in 1977 and the Emergence of Hijab Awareness in Indonesia
Authors: Alatas Alwi , Setiawan Agus , Sunjayadi Achmad , Ramlan Yunadi
Published: December 2023

In the late 1970s, a new awareness of wearing hijab emerged in Indonesia, especially among Muslim students in public schools. Even though it was banned by the New Order government throughout the 1980s, hijab was finally permitted to be worn in public schools and its use continued to spread in Indonesia since then. One of the activists who was involved in the emergence of hijab awareness suggested that it arose after The Asian Muslim Youth Seminar on Da'wah that was held in Kuala Lumpur in February 1977. This seminar was attended by representatives of Muslim youth organisations from several Asian countries. Using thematic analysis approach via library research and interviews, this study explores the extent to which the seminar relates to the rise of hijab awareness in Indonesia in that period. Although the seminar was not the only factor driving the emergence of hijab awareness in Indonesia, this research found that there was a close and dynamic relationship between the two.
Environmental risks assessment of the Kogylnyk River nutrient pollution based on probit functions
Authors: Loboda N. S. , Kuza A. M.
Published: December 2023

The relevance of the study is associated with the need to determine the risks of high and catastrophic levels of water pollution of the Kogylnyk River. The water quality of this river affects the environmental condition of the northern part of Sasyk lake and reservoir. This artificial reservoir that was created as part of the estuary used to be one of components of the Danube-Dniester irrigation system in the past and can be used for irrigation in the post-war period in the future. As the North-Western Black Sea region is an agricultural region of Ukraine, the article focuses on the pollution of the river by specific nutrients (ammonium, nitrite, nitrate, phosphate). The subject of the study covers the environmental risks assessment of the Kogylnyk River present-day pollution. Hydrochemical observations of the State Water Resources Agency of Ukraine were used as input materials of the research. Such observations were carried out across the upper (below the border with the Republic of Moldova) and lower sections of the river. The number of samples taken in the upper section was 80, and 56 – in the lower section. Water quality was assessed using a modified water pollution index (WPI). The risks of nutrient pollution were evaluated based on a statistical approach using a probit function. It was found that the water quality in the upper section is worse than the one in the lower section. The research indicated a close correspondence between water quality indicators and environmental risk values. In the upper section, the risks of catastrophic pollution have a probability of their occurrence that is equal to 46.1%, and the risks of high pollution – 41.1%, with 87.2% constituting a total percentage. In the lower section, the probability of a high level pollution risk is equal to 33.3%, with no critical risk identified during the observation period. The trophic status of the water body along the river length varies from hypertrophic and polytrophic on the upper course to eutrophic and mesotrophic on the lower course. The decrease in pollution levels in the river's lower section is due to the processes of biological, physical and chemical self-purification of the aquatic ecosystem. Since nutrients have a predominantly anthropogenic origin, the water quality improvement of the Kogylnyk River across the territory of Ukraine is associated with the reduced flow of municipal and agricultural wastewater entering the river. Nutrient pollution requires implementation of additional measures such as improving the culture of farming taking place in the catchment area (for example, during conservation of fertilizers and their application).
УМАНСЬКА ОБОРОННА ОПЕРАЦІЯ В ІСТОРІЇ ДРУГОЇ СВІТОВОЇ ВІЙНИ
Authors: Священко Зінаїда
Published: December 2023

У статті розглянуто передумови, перебіг та наслідки Уманської оборонної операції 1941 р., зроблено спробу з’ясувати її місце в подіях Другої світової війни.

Зроблено висновок, що важкі оборонні бої, які вели 6-а і 12-а армії спочатку в оперативному, а потім і в тактичному оточенні з кінця липня й до середини серпня 1941 р. були внеском у зрив гітлерівського плану «блискавичної війни», згідно з якими Україна мала бути завойована до початку липня 1941 р. Війська 6-ї і 12-ї армій на півмісяця затримали просування 22 дивізій вермахту та майже всіх військ сателітів. Без них німецьке командування не мало можливості успішно розвивати бойові дії в Україні. Стійкість та героїзм бійців та командирів 6-ї і 12-ї армій, по-перше, дали можливість організувати планомірну евакуацію з півдня України населення й промисловості, запасів продуктів харчування, скарбів музеїв, здійснити мобілізацію військовозобов'язаних на Правобережжі й організувати оборону Києва; по-друге, щит, що утворився з оточених у районі Умані військ, на певний час полегшив становище Південного та Південно-Західного фронтів, дав змогу іншим арміям закріпитися на нових рубежах.

Ключові слова: Друга світова війна, Уманська оборонна операція, 6-а і 12-а армії, оточення
З ІСТОРІЇ ДОСЛІДЖЕНЬ ТА МУЗЕЄФІКАЦІЇ КОМПЛЕКСІВ АРХЕОЛОГІЧНИХ ПАМЯТОК (ЗА МАТЕРІАЛАМИ БІЛЬСЬКА ТА ОЧАКOВА)
Authors: Біляєва Світлана , Куценко Сергій
Published: December 2023

У статті на матеріалах різних за географічним розташуванням, природними регіонами та культурно-історичними складовими археологічних комплексів (пам’яток Більська та Очакова) представлено стислий огляд історії відкриття, основних етапів археологічних досліджень, особливостей музеєфікації та сучасного стану комплексів, що увійшли до переліку об’єктів національного значення. Визначено спільні риси в історії їх вивчення, підкреслено вагомий внесок  Інституту археології НАН України,  міжнародних проектів та роботу експедицій за участі провідних фахівців світового рівня, залучення науковців та студентів багатьох  вузів ( практикантів та волонтерів),  співробітників музеїв та пам’ятко охоронних організацій. Засвідчений приклад різних підходів до можливостей захисту, збереження та популяризації історико-культурної спадщини, позитивні та негативні факти у діяльності заповідників, до яких увійшли пам’ятки Більська та Очакова. Позначена роль місцевих громад та владних структур у підтримці охорони пам’яток історії та культури,  розвитку туризму. Окреслено сучасне становище, у якому опинилися видатні комплекси історико-культурної спадщини, та наслідки російсько-української війни після повномасштабного вторгнення.

Ключові слова: Більський комплекс пам’яток, історичне місто Очаків, археологічні дослідження, музеєфікація, популяризація, історико-культурна спадщина.
INFORMATION AND DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES FOR PROVIDING SOCIAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSISTANCE TO VULNERABLE CATEGORIES OF CITIZENS
Authors: Tkachuk Halyna , Mishchenko Maryna , Isachenko Viktoriia
Published: December 2023

Family members, parents and caregivers are an important source of protection and emotional support for children. Children separated from their loved ones, during a crisis event, find themselves in an unfamiliar place, surrounded by unfamiliar people. They are often very frightened and unable to correctly assess the risk and dangers around them. Reuniting unaccompanied children, including teenagers, with their loved ones is an important first step. If the children are with their parents, you should try to support the adults in taking care of the children. People who may face discrimination and violence in a crisis situation. This category includes women or members of certain ethnic groups, in relation to whom there is an increased risk of discrimination or violence.Svitlana Roiz explains that during the sound of sirens, the child's auditory channel of perception is under a special load, so it needs to be "occupied" with something. To do this, you can sing in chorus, shout slogans against Utiputin and the Russian army, listen to audio fairy tales and music with headphones, take a guitar with you and arrange a concert for everyone.In order to provide psychological support to citizens of Ukraine who suffer from the consequences of russia’s armed aggression, the free online psychological help platform «Tell me» works around the clock. The project is implemented with the support of the Office of the President of Ukraine, the Ministry of Health and the Institute of Cognitive Modeling.In addition, the team of the Institute of Cognitive Modeling in cooperation with the Department of Medical Psychology, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy of the Bogomolets National Medical University and specialists of the «Friend» project developed a psychological first aid bot. The bot also contains recommendations for maintaining psychological health.
Implementation of the Internet of Things in the Global Library Environment: Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Borysov O.
Published: December 2023

The relevance of the topic. Even though the potential of IoT in optimizing library processes and creating innovative services is meaningful, we can observe a lack of research focused precisely on the implementation and application of IoT in libraries. Studying IoT in the context of libraries requires an in-depth analysis and a systematic approach to expand the opportunities for developing recommendations and guidelines for library institutions.

The purpose of the article is to analyze bibliometric data obtained from the Scopus scientometric database concerning the application of Internet of Things technologies in library and information production.

The methodology of the research includes the methods of analyzing information regarding data obtained from the Scopus database and its generalization.

Conclusions. The analysis and systematization of data from the Scopus database showed that research focuses on innovative applications of IoT, data security, and library services’ development. The identified trends and dynamics of publications indicate that the role of IoT technologies in the modern library sector is persistently growing. Given the increasing number of publications from 2010 to 2022, a positive trend in the number of scientific studies in this area is expected, especially after the reduction of COVID-19 related quarantine restrictions. These conclusions can serve as a foundation for further research and the development of strategies for implementing IoT in libraries.

Scientific novelty of the paper is evident because no article containing the analysis of bibliometric data in the sphere of library industry has ever been published. These data were retrieved from the Scopus scientometric database concerning the application of the Internet of Things technologies in libraries worldwide.
Katolicy i prawosławni w anegdocie kresowej z przełomu XIX i XX wieku. Kilka refleksji o historii zawartej w ówczesnym humorze i dowcipie
Authors: Jurkowski Roman
Published: December 2023

The article is an attempt to determine to what degree historical anecdotes can be used in scientific historical research. Several selected anecdotes relating to denominational and religious issues occurring in the Taken Lands at the end of the 19th and at the beginning of the 20th century are analyzed. The author shows that this type of information can only be of a supporting nature in scientific research. Nevertheless, they cannot be omitted because they are valuable research material for the personal characteristics of given historical figures.
Plany oblężenia Kamieńca Podolskiego w 1672 roku
Authors: Opyrchał Leszek , Recław-Mastronardi Justyna
Published: December 2023

The article discusses two undated, handwritten plans for the Kamieniec Podolski fortress in 1672. The first plan (Paris) has descriptions in French and Turkish and shows the location of individual Ottoman units during the siege of Kamieniec Podolski in 1672. The second plan (Bologna) is very similar to the Paris plan. It was provided with a legend made later in Italian, but its contents do not indicate the date of its creation. A comparison of the view of the fortifications (the Black Tower and the Turkish Bridge) with other plans shows that the Bologna plan is an unfinished copy of the Paris plan and was made between the years 1672-1685, most likely after the fortress was conquered by the Ottoman army in 1672. This is evidenced by the minarets located in the city.
Wokół układu Piłsudski-Petlura. Porozumienie w świetle publikacji wybranych tytułów polskiej prasy codziennej
Authors: Korzeniowski Mariusz
Published: December 2023

The present study analyzes the reaction of the subjectively selected titles of the daily Polish press to the signing of the Pilsudski-Petlura agreement. The article examines the consequences of the pact for the concerned parties and the significance of the treaty for the formation of the relations between the Second Polish Republic and Bolshevik Russia, and thus for the Polish government’s Eastern policy. The article also explores the extent of the publicists’ knowledge of the course of the talks between Poland and the Ukrainian People’s Republic.
Russian secret services in the so-called special operation in Ukraine
Authors: Minkina Mirosław
Published: December 2023

This article deals with the role of the Russian Federation’s secret services in the ongoing Russian invasion of Ukraine. The author explains the facts and regularities regarding the activity of the Russian secret services in this war. The research was performed from a positivist and post-positivist perspective and takes into consideration the so-called mainstream theories. For its purposes, a system analysis was included as well as references were made to the genesis of the Russian secret services, giving consideration to the space of the post-Soviet states. In addition, an in-depth study of the activity of the Russian special services, bearing in mind the key facts and methods of their operation were conducted. It confirmed the weakness of the Russian secret services. At the same time, the aftermath of this state of affairs is the increase in the importance of military intelligence.
Przemiany polityczno-ustrojowe w Federacji Rosyjskiej w okresie pierwszej prezydentury Władimira Putina (2000-2008) – zagadnienia wybrane
Authors: Szukalski Jerzy
Published: December 2023

Legal-political changes in the Russian Federation during the first presidency of Vladimir Putin, covering the years 2000-2008, are the subject of the article. The study first focuses on the strengthening of executive power, both at the central and regional levels, consolidating the power camp and shaping the political system of the state. In the period under analysis, the powers of the President of the Russian Federation were increased, the Federation Council was weakened, control over the regions was strengthened, and a number of rights and freedoms of citizens were limited. In his actions, Putin relied on the power ministries and secured the loyalty of the State Duma and the oligarchs. The United Russia party became his political base. Putin’s political opponents and competitors were ruthlessly eliminated from political life. An analysis of the features of the political system of the Russian Federation indicates that it had become an authoritarian state.
Współczesne wyzwania dla bezpieczeństwa Polski w kontekście rosyjskich działań w regionie Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej
Authors: Jagusiak Klaudia
Published: December 2023

The purpose of this article is to identify the contemporary security challenges that Poland faces in the context of activities undertaken by the Russian Federation in the region of Central and Eastern Europe. The presented conclusions are a consequence of the research carried out by the diagnostic survey method, with the use of the expert interview technique. This article was written based on research that focused on the security of the Baltic states and Poland, with particular emphasis on the aggressive policies of the Russian Federation. The findings of this research were used to inform the discussion about Poland’s security in the article. The main research problem involves identifying the security challenges that Poland faces in relation to Russian activities in Central and Eastern Europe.
Слово и немота в русской (пост)культуре. Кысь Татьяны Толстой
Authors: Filimonova Alexandra , Mazhitaeva Shara
Published: December 2023

This article analyzes the use of intertextuality as one of the ways to explicate the concept of a “book” in the novel The Slynx by Tatyana Tolstaya. Introducing the texts of the previous culture is considered a genre characteristic of the dystopian discourse. Using the example of Pushkin’s text presented in the novel in various forms, some techniques and functions of contextual transformation of the “book word” are analyzed. Modal and semantic reaccentuation of important elements of the language reality, on the one hand, destroys the logocentric paradigm of Russian culture and reveals the consequences of the cultural rupture and further obliteration. On the other hand, it provides the unity of a national linguistic and cultural universe. Searching to discover the constants of the national mentality, the novel shows the indissoluble connection between spiritual search and violence. The usurpation of the words of the past culture turns into cultural and spiritual dumbness.
Czy potrzebna jest nowa historia literatury rosyjskiej XX wieku?
Authors: Fast Piotr
Published: December 2023

This paper consists of an analysis of the newest synthesis of 20th Century Russian literature published in Poland, written by Vasiliy Shchukin, a scholar affiliated with Jagiellonian University in Kraków. The author of the analysis shows how subjective and sometimes unprofessional some parts of the analyzed book are.
Use of Hospital Information System to Improve the Quality of Health Care from Clinical Staff Perspective
Authors: Ebrahimpour Sadagheyani Hassan , Mohammadpour Ali , Mehdi Ghaemi Mohammad , Darrudi Reza
Published: December 2023

Background: The development of hospital information systems (HISs) has a significant effect on care processes. In this regard, the clinical staffâ€™s perspective is very important in evaluating the success of these systems. The present study aimed to evaluate the clinical staffâ€™s perspective at hospitals affiliated to Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences on the effectiveness of the HIS in improving their performance and strategies for increasing the system effectiveness. Materials and Methods: In the present cross-sectional study, 120 clinical staff who actively worked with the HIS were included. A two-part questionnaire was used for data gathering. Results: From the perspective of the research population, the effective score of HIS was %64.42 in improving their performance, and %81.85 in the case of developed HIS according to the suggested strategies. According to the research scale, the effectiveness of the system could be improved from good to excellent in the case of implementation of strategies, so that there was a statistically significant difference between the pre- and post-effectiveness (P<0.001). Conclusion: Positive population perspective on the effectiveness of HIS in-performance improvement of the clinical staff indicated that there was a good context for the development and utilization of information technology in the hospitals. The clinical staffâ€™s opinions and work needs as the primary group of patient care should be taken into consideration in order to increase the effectiveness of the HIS. [GMJ.2021;10:e1830]
Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy for Chronic Venous Ulcers: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Vahdatpour Babak , Taheri Parisa , Shahbandari Morteza , Parvaresh Mehrnoosh
Published: December 2023

Background: Chronic venous ulcers (CVUs), demanding specialized care, are still a major socioeconomic problem facing health care systems worldwide. This studyâ€™s main goal was evaluating the efficacy of ESWT application as an AT in the treatment of wounds for curing CVUs. Materials and Methods: 50 patients presenting with CVUs were divided into two groups of ESWT and control randomly. Then, ESWT was applied one session per week, during four weeks, along with routine CB. The control group also received sham ESWT together with CB. In this respect, pain score, wound size, patient satisfaction and quality of life (QoL) using the Charing Cross Venous Ulcer Questionnaire (CCVUQ) were consequently assessed at baseline, week four, and week eight and then compared between both groups. Results: The findings showed that patients receiving ESWT along with CB had significantly lower pain and were also feeling more satisfied than the cases undergoing CB alone (P<0.05). The significant efficiency of ESWT in improving the healing process of CVUs was further observed (P<0.05). In addition, QoL, assessed by the CCVUQ, was significantly higher in patients receiving ESWT (P<0.05). Conclusion: These findings established that ESWT was a feasible and safe option to treat patients presenting with CVUs in another word, ESWT seems to be a safe and effective adjunct therapy (AT) compared with CB in patients with CVUs. [GMJ.2021;10:e1931]
Topical Mastic Oil for Treatment of Functional Dyspepsia: A Randomized , Triple-Blind Controlled Trial
Authors: Baradaran Sattarzadeh Mahsa , Shojaii Asie , Nassiri Toosi Mohssen , Abdollahi-Fard Mehri , Alborzi Avanaki Foroogh , Taher Mohammad , Shiehmorteza Maryam , Hashem-Dabaghian Fataneh
Published: December 2023

Background: The main goal of the present study was to evaluate the effect of topical mastic oil, compared to placebo on treatment of functional dyspepsia (FD). Materials and Methods: Sixty-three patients with FD were included. Thirty-two subjects received the topical mastic oil (10 drops/TDS after meal) with massage and 31 patients received topical sesame oil with massage. Both groups received pantoprazole (40 mg daily) along with oil and massage. The severity of early satiation, postprandial fullness, epigastric pain and epigastric burning was assessed after 4 weeks using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) as well as frequency of symptoms. Satisfaction with the treatment was also assessed using a researcher-made questionnaire. Changes in the severity of symptoms were evaluated by Friedmanâ€™s test. Results: Mean and standard deviation of age of the subjects were equal to 36.95Â±13.64 and 50 (79.4%) patients were female. Both groups experienced a significant decrease in the severity of all the four symptoms (P<0.001). The percentage of decrease in the severity of early satiation was significantly higher in the mastic group than the control group (76.03Â±34.91% vs. 37.24Â±38.86%, P=0.003). No significant differences were found in the percentage of decrease in the severity of postprandial fullness, epigastric pain and burning between the study groups (P=0.05, 0.06, and 0.13, respectively). The frequency of symptoms was decreased similarly in both groups. Satisfaction with the treatment was reported to be significantly higher in the mastic group than the sesame group (P=0.01). There were no intolerable side effects in both groups. Conclusion: Mastic oil reduced early satiation better than the placebo. In addition, satisfaction with the treatment was higher in the mastic group than the sesame group. [GMJ.2021;10:e1965]
Long Noncoding RNAs-LET Behave as a Noncoding Signature for Early-Onset Menarche and Late-Onset Menopause in Breast Cancer Patients
Authors: Darbeheshti Farzaneh , Mansoori Hosein , Abdollahzadeh Rasoul , Dastsooz Hassan , Daraei Abdolreza , Salmani Hamzeh , Davood Abadi Farahani Mostafa , Tahmasebi Sedigheh , Mansoori Yaser
Published: December 2023

Background: Breast cancer (BC) as a major cause of cancer-related death in women shows a very complex molecular and clinical phenotype, which has reduced the effectiveness of medical interventions. Evidence suggests that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are responsible for an important part of this complexity. This study aims to assess the expression and clinical implication of lncRNA LET in the pathobiology of BC. Materials and Methods: Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to measure the expression of lncRNA-LET in breast tumors and adjacent normal-appearing tissues from 4 BC patients, as well as normal mammary tissues. Moreover, a bioinformatics approach was applied to uncover the potential lncRNA-LET-mediated sponge regulatory network as LET/miRNA/mRNA crosstalk. Results: Our study revealed that lncRNA-LET was significantly down-expressed not only in breast tumors but also in normal appearing breast tissues samples from BC subjects compared with true normal breast tissues obtained from healthy women. The low level of lncRNA-LET was meaningfully associated with early-onset menarche (â‰¤13 years) and late-onset menopause (â‰¥50) in patients. Moreover, the bioinformatics analyses support that lncRNA-LET could function as a tumor suppressor miRNA sponge. Conclusion: The results indicate that normal appearing breast tissues can undergo tumor-related molecular changes. Furthermore, they reveal the potential role of the dysregulation in LET-mediated ceRNA network in the pathophysiology of BC.
Effects of Dexmedetomidine On the Postoperative Shivering, Nausea, and Vomiting Among Opium User Patients Undergoing Elective Supratentorial Brain Tumor Surgery: A Randomized, Placebo, Controlled Clinical trials
Authors: Rajabi Mona , Ommi Davood , Zali Alireza , Arefian Noor Mohammad
Published: December 2023

Background: Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV), and shivering are common general anesthesia complications. Hence, this study evaluates the effect of dexmedetomidine, given as a premedication, on PONV and shivering in patients with opium use who underwent elective supratentorial brain tumor surgeries. Materials and Methods: In a randomized clinical trial, 100 opium user patients who were candidates for elective supra-tentorial brain tumor surgery under general anesthesia were studied in two groups of 50 patients. The intervention group received dexmedetomidine (within 10 and 30 minutes infusion) before the anesthesia induction. Group placebo that received normal saline as a group. PONV and shivering rates were compared between the two groups. Results:  Both groups did not differ in hemodynamic parameters during operation, including pulse rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and anesthesia duration. In the dexmedetomidine group, patients suffered less from PONV and shivering rather than controls, and these differences were both significant (P=0.001 and P=0.027, respectively). Discussion: Dexmedetomidine administration before major surgeries might reduce post-operative nausea and vomiting and the occurrence of shivering, particularly in opium-addicted patients.[GMJ.2021;10:e2146]
Concept Analysis of Recovery in Nursing
Authors: Safa Azade , Adib-Hajbaghery Mohsen
Published: December 2023

Recovery is an abstract multidimensional concept. There is no clear definition for recovery because this concept has specific meanings for individuals. This study aimed to analyze the concept of recovery in nursing. A concept analysis was conducted using Walker and Avantâ€™s method. An extensive literature review was conducted. The primary search key terms were â€œrecovery,â€ â€œconcepts related to recovery,â€ and â€œnursing.â€ The publication date was limited to 2006â€“2019. Data related to the definitions, attributes, antecedents, and consequences of recovery were extracted from the reviewed studies. We found several attributes for this concept. Physical attributes of recovery included fighting with illness, experiencing an injury, and pain. Mental attributes were achieving self-restoration, hopefulness, self-confidence, self-identity, the meaning of life, and personal growth. Social attributes were self-determination, autonomy, support, social confidence, and active participation in social relationships. The antecedents and consequences of recovery were classified into physical, mental, and social dimensions. Model, borderline, and contrary cases were presented. Recovery is a complex and dynamic process, which is unique to individuals based on their characteristics and conditions. [GMJ.2021;10:e2164]
Expression Changes of CX3CL1 and Interleukin-6 Genes During Remission Induction Therapy in Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Vakil Mohammad Kazem , Iravani Saadi Mahdiyar , Ramzi Mani , Karimi Aliasghar , Owjfard Maryam , Torkamani Mahmoud , Kheradmand Nadiya , Niknam Ahmad , Karimi Zahed , Yazdanpanah Mohammad Hosein
Published: December 2023

Background: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) syndrome is a hematologic malignancy due to the extensive clonal proliferation of leukemic precursor cells and is rapidly fatal unless treated or in response to chemotherapy. Cytogenetic findings have an important role in the prognosis and categorization of AML. This study aimed to investigate the expression changes in CX3CL1 and Interleukin-6 (IL-6) genes before and after chemotherapy as remission induction therapy in AML patients. Materials and Methods: In this study, 69 patients (36 males, 33 female) with AML were selected from tertiary medical health centers. A quantitative polymerase chain reaction was performed for mRNA expression of CX3CL1 and IL-6 genes before and after induction chemotherapy using the 2-Î”Î”CT method. Results: The expression of CX3CL1 and IL-6 were significantly increased after induction chemotherapy. Also, the Î”Ct mean of CX3CL1 and IL-6 mRNA was not significant between AML subtype groups. Conclusion: We showed that chemotherapy significantly increases the expression of CX3CL1 and IL-6, which can be used as a prognostic factor of AML. [GMJ.2021;10:e2288]
Brain CT Scan in Stroke
Authors: Foroughi Amin Abolhasani , Nazeri Masoume
Published: December 2023

In patients came with suspicious cerebrovascular accidents, CT scan can play a major roll for diagnosis and treatment planning. In these patients we can do non contrast enhanced CT scan followed by perfusion CT scan and CT angiography. This three step CT scanning can be called multimodal CT. This strategy can help us to roll out hemorrhage and other differential diagnosis, it is useful to detect the site of vascular occlusion, the infarcted zone and the at risk salvageable tissue, also we can assess collateral circulation. This multimodal CT scan take about 10 to 15minuts.Â
Immunology of stroke
Authors: Safari Anahid , Safari Rasool , Borhani-Haghighi Afshin
Published: December 2023

Stroke, a multifactorial disease, has distinct pathophysiologic mechanisms, among which inflammation plays a pivotal role. Various types of inflammatory cells, substances, and molecules emerge in the ischemic stroke. Neutrophils, Tcell subtypes, macrophages, microglial cells, dendritic cell, mast cells, asrocytes, as influential cell,Â  tumor necrosis factor_Î±, interleukin-17, interleukin-10, as released substances, andÂ  vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), leukocyte very late antigen-4 (VLA-4), and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), as cellular adhesion molecules. Lymphocytes' invasion to the ischemic brain tissue occurs as the result of VLA-4Â  Ì¶ VCAM-1 interaction. Regarding Tcell subtypes, CD4+ cells have known detrimental effects in the ischemic area, while natural killer T cells (NKT cells) and Î³Î´ T cells have minor importance in the early stage of ischemia. While some studies proved the cerebroprotective impact of T regulatory cells, others refuted this by presenting a prominent harmful role of them. Bcells have important protective function by releasing IL-10. Neutrophils along with microglial cell, appearing as the first inflammatory cell in the ischemic tissue, and also macrophages deteriorate ischemia. Mast cells and dendritic cells are of great value in stroke progression. The resting astrocytes are neuroprotective, whereas the activated ones present detrimental function in the ischemic region by expression of GFAP. Hence, stroke consequences occur as the result of systemic inflammatory response. The more activation of this system, the poorer neurological outcomes would be observed. As expected, anti-inflammatory interventions in the experimental stroke in animals, have revealed successful results as less infarct size and attenuated neurological damages.
Biodegradable Scaffolds for Cartilage Tissue Engineering
Authors: Mohammadi Farhad , Ahmadi Fatemeh , Giti Rashin , Mohammadi-Samani Soliman
Published: December 2023

Being a connective tissue, the cartilage is present in almost all parts of the body like the rib cage, joints, nose, and ear. Its essential function in body is to serve as a cushion between the joints and prevent the bones friction against each other. In some areas like the rib cage, the cartilage keeps the bones together and creates a shockproof area. Osteoarthritis and traumatic rupture of the cartilage are among the related diseases. Damaged cartilage tissue can be only limitedly repaired because of the low density of chondrocyte and slow metabolism in the tissue. Previous studies achieved different outcomes for the joint-preserving treatment programs such as debridement, mosaicplasty, and perichondrium transplantation; however, the average long-term result is still unsatisfactory. The restriction of clinical success is mainly attributed to the long time required in most treatments for the regeneration of new cartilage at the site of defect. The mechanical conditions of these sites makes the repair process unflavored of the original damaged cartilage. Such problems can be permanently treated by using tissue engineered cartilage. Hence, the limitations can be defeated by using appropriate scaffolds, cell sources, and growth factors. This review dealt with the advances in cartilage tissue engineering, with the focus on cell sources, scaffold materials and growth factors used in cartilage tissue engineering.[GMJ.2017;6(2):70-80]
Generation and Maintenance of Neural Progenitor Cell Lines Derived from Human Embryonic Stem Cells by Small Molecules
Authors: Nemati Shiva , Shahbazi Ebrahim , Hajihosseini Reza
Published: December 2023

Background: A new research perspective for human neurodevelopment and neurological disease modeling involves the use of human embryonic stem cells (hESC). The development of robust protocols that yield adequate neural cell populations with definite regional identities were the prerequisites for these comparative studies. Materials and Methods: We used small molecules cocktail to generate two neural progenitor cell (NPC) lines from hESCs as following: the first experimental group included Noggin, Dorsomorphin, CHIR99021 and A83-01(NDCA) and the second group composed of Noggin, Dorsomorphin, CHIR99021 and SIS3 (NDCS). To validate our findings, we expanded both cell lines for over 20 passages in vitro and checked for chromosomal stability, as well as expressions of neural and regional identity markers by immunofluorescence staining. Gene expression analysis was quantified by RT-PCR at different passages up to passage 20. Results: Both cell lines proliferated in an adherent culture system in the presence of FGF2. They retained progenitor characteristics of NESTIN, SOX1, and PAX6 protein expression, formed rosette-like structures, and had the high neurogenic capacity. Importantly, the NPC populations in their first 10 passages expressed rostral markers (OTX2 and TH), and the next 10 passages (10-20) changed their specification toward the hindbrain where they expressed HOXA3and HOXB2, which correlated with a normal central nervous system development pattern. Conclusion: These NPCs offer a new system to study human central nervous system development and disease modeling of specific neurodegenerative diseases. [GMJ.2017;6(2):143-56]