bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
New records of the Brazilian Anthomyiidae (Diptera) and a checklist of species from Palmas Grasslands Wildlife Refuge
Authors: Gomes Roberto Pereira , Fogaça João Manuel , Bortolanza Mariza , Pereira Adriana Couto
Published: January 2019

The Anthomyiidae (Insecta, Diptera) include 1,941 species in 53 genera that are found in a wide range of habitats (forests, cities, agricultural fields). Herein, the anthomyiid fauna of the Atlantic Forest of Palmas (south of the state of Paraná) was surveyed using Malaise traps at altitudes higher than 1,000 meters. The collection of these flies was conducted in Palmas Grasslands Wildlife Refuge (PGWR) that is a full protection conservation unit (CU) surrounded by degraded areas and with high levels of endemism. A total of 12 species of anthomyiid flies (42.3% of Brazilian species) and 7 genera (58.3% of Brazilian genera) were identified, including 9 new records to Paraná (Anthomyia plurinervis (Albuquerque, 1958), A. xanthopyga (Albuquerque, 1959), Calythea comis (Stein, 1911), Coenosopsia ferrari Nihei & de Carvalho, 2004, Emmesomyia auricollis (Stein, 1918), E. sobria (Albuquerque & Couri, 1981), Leucophora maculipennis (Albuquerque, 1953), Pegomya bruchi (Shannon & Del Pont, 1926) and P. poeciloptera Malloch, 1921). Also, we examined some specimens deposited in the Department of Zoology, Universidade Federal do Paraná, the Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, and the Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo in order to update species’ distribution, leading to a new record for Rio Grande do Sul (Pegomya poeciloptera Malloch, 1921) and 3 new records for Santa Catarina (Anthomyia pluripunctata (Albuquerque, 1959), Calythea comis (Stein, 1911), Leucophora maculipennis (Albuquerque, 1953)). A key to the local genera and diagnoses of species are provided.
Randomized Trial of a Tailored Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy Mobile Application for Anxiety in Patients with Incurable Cancer
Authors: Greer Joseph A. , Jacobs Jamie , Pensak Nicole , MacDonald James J. , Fuh Charn-Xin , Perez Giselle K. , Ward Alina , Tallen Colleen , Muzikansky Alona , Traeger Lara , Penedo Frank J. , El-Jawahri Areej , Safren Steven A. , Pirl William F. , Temel Jennifer S.
Published: January 2019

Background

The aim of this study was to test the efficacy of a tailored cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) mobile application (app) to treat anxiety in patients with incurable cancer.

Materials and Methods

Patients with incurable cancers (n = 145) who reported elevated anxiety symptoms at two cancer centers were randomized to receive either the CBT mobile app for anxiety or a mobile health education program (control) delivered via tablet computers, which patients self-administered over 12 weeks. To assess anxiety, depression symptoms, and quality of life (QOL), we used the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A, primary outcome), Clinical Global Impression Scale, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Patient Health Questionnaire-9, and Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General at baseline and 12 weeks. Analysis of covariance models were calculated to assess intervention effects on patient outcomes.

Results

Patients (73.8% female; 91.0% white; mean age = 56.45 years, SD = 11.30) in both study groups reported improvements in anxiety, depression symptoms, and QOL from baseline to postassessment, with no significant differences in any outcome measure between groups. Secondary analyses showed that, among the subgroup of patients with severe baseline anxiety, those randomized to the CBT app had greater improvements on the HAM-A (Mean Difference = 7.44, standard error [SE] = 3.35, p = .037) and HADS-Anxiety Subscale (Mean Difference = 4.44, SE = 1.60, p = .010) compared with the control group.

Conclusion

Both the tailored CBT app for anxiety and the health education program were associated with improvements in anxiety, mood, and QOL, but these outcomes did not differ between study groups. The CBT app was more beneficial than health education for patients with severe baseline anxiety.
Yanıklı Hastalarda Erken Dönemde ve Negatif Basınçlı Yara Tedavi Sistemi Sonrası Cilt Grefti Operasyonlarında Greft Kayıplarındaki Etkinliğinin Karşılaştırılması
Authors: EMSEN İlteriş Murat
Published: January 2019

Yanık, ilk
etapta vücut yüzey alanından temas ve hasar ile başlayıp, daha sonra maruz
kalınan süre ve şiddetine göre ağır hasarlara neden olan insan vücudunu
etkileyen hem fizyolojik hem de psikolojik bir süreçtir. Yanık ve tedavileri
üzerine çok sayıda çalışma bulunmaktadır. 
2013-2018 yılları arasında hastanemiz yanık ünitesine baş vuran yanıklı
hastalar bu çalışmaya dahil edilmiştir. Erken dönemde yapılan cilt greftleri ve
Negatif Basınçlı Yara Tedavi sistemi sonrasında yapılan cilt grefti ameliyat
sonuçlarını karşılaştırdık. Sonuç olarak; hastaların hastanede kalış süreleri,
artan ek tedavi masrafları dikkate alındığında, bunlara ek olarak cilt greft
kayıpları da ilave olarak Yıkamalı Negatif Basınçlı Yara Tedavi protokolü alan
hastaların klasik yanık yara bakımı alan hastalara göre ciddi anlamda daha
etkin olduğunu gözlemledik.
Cooperation in World Politics: The Constraining and Constitutive Effects of International Organizations
Authors: Mitchell Sara McLaughlin
Published: January 2019

Many scholars accept the important role international organizations (IOs) play in facilitating cooperation among states in world politics, yet there is disagreement about the theoretical mechanisms that best account for the positive correlation between shared IO memberships and cooperation. Institutionalists and Rationalists treat state preferences as fixed and emphasize the influence of IO memberships on interstate bargaining. In this view, IOs act as constraints, because while they help states negotiate more efficiently (with fewer costs & greater information), they do not significantly alter states’ preferences. Constructivists, on the other hand, recognize that organizations can alter member states’ identities and interests, and that long and deep commitments to international organizations can have constitutive effects on member states’ preferences and behavior. In this paper, I derive several hypotheses about the constraining and constitutive effects of IOs on member state behavior from existing theoretical arguments in the IR literature and evaluate these claims empirically using data on contentious issues from the Issue Correlates of War Project. Empirical analyses show that while shared IO memberships (frequency and duration) neither prevent the onset of new contentious issues nor promote more frequent peaceful settlement attempts, they do decrease the use of militarized force and produce more successful negotiation attempts. Disputants are much more likely to reach and comply with agreements to end contentious issue claims when they share more frequent and durable memberships in international organizations.
The Creation and Expansion of the International Criminal Court: A Legal Explanation
Authors: Powell Emilia Justyna , Mitchell Sara McLaughlin
Published: January 2019

International courts have proliferated in the international system in the past century, with one hundred judicial or quasi-judicial bodies currently in existence. While the supply of international courts has increased substantially, state level support for international courts varies across states, across courts, and over time. This paper focuses on the cross-sectional and temporal variation in state level support for a particular court, the International Criminal Court (ICC). The authors argue that domestic legal systems create different predispositions with respect to states’ willingness to join adjudicatory bodies and the design of their commitments to international courts. Negotiators involved in the creation of the ICC pushed for rules and procedures that mimicked those of their domestic legal systems to help reduce uncertainty regarding the court’s future behavior and decision-making processes. This interesting process of legal bargaining led to the creation of a sui generis court, one which represents a mixture of common law and civil law systems. The hybrid nature of the court’s design enhanced the attractiveness of the court to civil and common law states, making them significantly more likely to sign and ratify the Rome Statute. Empirical models demonstrate that common and civil law states were fervent supporters of the ICC in preliminary negotiations and that they have shown higher levels of support for the Court since the ICC’s inception in comparison to Islamic law or mixed law states.
UKRAINIAN PUBLIC AND DIPLOMATIC SERVICES INSTITUTIONALIZATION IN THE PERIOD OF THE NATIONAL ASCENSION (1917-1920): THE DISCOURCE OF DIPLOMACY AND EXTERNAL POLITICS
Authors: Tsivatyi V.
Published: January 2019

The main directions of foreign policy and the peculiarities of the formation of models of Ukrainian state and diplomatic services during the period of national ascension (1917-1920) are analyzed in the article. Particular attention is paid to the institutional development, achievements, problems and prospects of the state and diplomatic services in the context of the European development of the studied period. Its diplomacy was different of active, perseverance, dedication, held effective positions on important regional and international issues. The author shows that the analysis of the main issues of the evolution of the main directions of foreign policy and diplomatic activity of Ukraine enables a deeper understanding common to most the formation of foreign policy, diplomacy and making foreign policy decisions in this area.
The development and establishment of the states in the XX century requires studying and generalizing the acquired experience. In most states, democratization was followed by very difficult and dramatic processes of rational and bureaucratic modernization of the state and consolidation of the nation. An effective way to solve the numerous contradictions and paradoxes might be the application of the theory of historical institutionalism, which focuses on the chronological sequence of transformations, as well as on the regional and institutional consequences of differences in social and political ways of development.
Practice-oriented researches in the field of Traffic Psychology (according to foreign publications)
Authors: Plotnikova M.A.
Published: January 2019

The article highlights some issues that form the behavior of the driver as the main participant in road traffic environment. It is shown that, along with individual psychological characteristics that influence vehicle control, there are also some social norms and rules acquired by the driver both at the interaction level (for example, peer influence) and in organizational and structural formalities (for example, pressure from other road users), that will affect his or her driving. The interaction of individual and social factors with environmental factors (infrastructure and formal rules) substantially complements the concept of the specific behavioral manifestations of the car driver. The article presents a brief overview of the main areas of applied research in modern traffic psychology, which allow for a more detailed consideration and a better definition of the “subject matter” of this direction within the framework of the study of the human factor in a traffic environment, as well as its overall impact on road safety.
15th Meeting of Transport Psychology International (TPI) Amersfoort, The Netherlands
Authors: Plotnikova M.A.
Published: January 2019

The present material is a short summary report of the 15th meeting of practical traffic psychologists from 15 countries held in Amersfoort, the Netherlands on 4—5 June 2018. It provides an overview of the main ideas of speeches and presentation at the meeting. The given material can be considered as a support in developing plans of realization of the Russian road safety strategy, training programs for driver schools and traffic psychology in Russia.
La Potenza della Musica: La Questione della Dynamis tra Musica e Filosofia
Authors: Cilione Pier Alberto Porceddu
Published: January 2019

This article examines the conceptual relationship between the notion of dynamics in music and the idea of ​​dynamics as “power” and “potentiality” in metaphysics. What is implicit in both notions is the idea of “force”, as configured in a philosophical tradition from Aristotle to Nietzsche, Heidegger and Deleuze. It is no coincidence that the system of signs that, in music, indicates the intensity of sound, its strength and its expression, takes its name from this philosophical concept. What follows tries to understand in which sense the term dynamics, as a theory of force and potentiality, steps into the field of music. The Aristotelian concept of dynamis, Leibniz’s theory of vis activa and the Nietzschean “Will to Power” reveal their profound meaning when related to the specific dynamic ontology realized by music. Two contemporary musical examples, taken from flute works by Sciarrino and Hosokawa, show with particular evidence how to understand a metaphysical idea of ​​musical dynamics.
O Caos como Devir na Experiência Filosófico-musical em Deleuze e Guattari
Authors: Luz Ana Rosa
Published: January 2019

In their works, Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari urge us to think, even if indirectly, in what way the theoretical-philosophical development could be applied to the composition and the exercise of musical listening. Thus, with a view to enhancing this association between music and philosophy, in this text we will try to define the greatest philosophical-musical concept created by both philosophers. Namely, the ritornello. So that through its chaotic, terrestrial and cosmic seams and textures, the notion of musical-existential devenir is built up. Notion, where the musical argument will reveal itself irrevocably presiding of a founding chaos or, as Deleuze appoints, a germ chaos.
Empiricism and the Ontology of Jazz
Authors: Young James O.
Published: January 2019

This essay argues that there is no alethic basis for adopting one ontology of jazz music rather than another. Any ontology of jazz that is consistent with the available empirical evidence may be adopted, though pragmatic reasons may exist for favouring one ontology of jazz over another. There are empirical differences between jazz and much of classical music, but one may adopt the same ontology for jazz that one adopts for works classical music.
Jani Christou and the Philosophy of Meta-Music
Authors: Zouliatis Costis
Published: January 2019

Jani Christou (1926–1970) was among the most exciting and provocative figures of the twentieth-century musical avant-garde, introducing a body of work of rigorous consistency that integrates philosophical aspects and notions. His contribution to the sonic world goes beyond the strictly musical innovations in terms of technique and style. This article explores the intellectual notions that this great thinker embodied functionally in his compositions, offering a broader inspiration that relates to human expressive needs. Having been educated under philosophers rather than musicians, Christou manifested a unique attitude towards art which interconnects music, contemplation and one’s way of living.
Doppler patterns in growth restricted foetuses: determinants and outcome in a tertiary hospital in South Kerala, India
Authors: Shenoy Heera T. , Shenoy Sheela , James Sonia X.
Published: January 2019

Background: Foetal growth restriction refers to a condition in which the foetus is unable to achieve its genetically determined growth potential. Doppler velocimetry in FGR not only decides the optimum time of delivery but also the optimum mode of delivery and so authors evaluated the Doppler patterns in growth restricted fetuses.Methods: Nested case-control study conducted among normal and abnormal Doppler groups at a tertiary care teaching hospital in the year 2017.Results: Among 82 growth restricted foetuses, 54 of them had normal Doppler patterns (65.85%) and 28 had abnormal Doppler patterns (34.15%).13(46.5%) had umbilical S/D elevation,2 (7.14%) had AEDV,1(3.57%) with REDV and 12 (42.8%) with CPR<1. Mean maternal age was slightly higher in the abnormal Doppler group. FGR babies with abnormal velocity waveforms had shorter diagnosis to delivery interval than those with normal Doppler and decision for delivery was taken at a lower gestational age. (p value-0.001). Mothers of FGR babies with abnormal Doppler studies underwent emergency caesarean section for non-reassuring foetal heart patterns. (p value-0.001) The mean birth weight was higher (2201.80gm) in Doppler normal FGR and it was 1929.46grams in abnormal umbilical Doppler group and 1363.33gm in AREDV (pvalue-0.001). Growth restricted with normal Doppler had shorter NICU stays than with abnormalities (p value-0.003). Term FGR went home early than early preterm. (p value-0.001).Conclusions: Growth restricted foetuses with normal umbilical velocimetry are at a lower risk than those with abnormal velocimetry in terms of prolonged diagnosis-delivery interval and shorter NICU days. The need for neonatal resuscitation at birth was more in babies with abnormal Doppler velocimetry and absent diastole /reversed diastolic flow of umbilical artery velocimetry.
Maternal outcome in term premature rupture of membranes
Authors: MN. Amulya , MS. Ashwini
Published: January 2019

Background: Rupture of Fetal membranes before the onset of labour is called PROM. Premature rupture of membrane (PROM) is associated with various complications. The present study is undertaken to study the maternal morbidity in term PROM.Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted at Vijaynagar institute of medical science Ballari for a period of one year by Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology from November 2016 to October 2017.  120 cases of spontaneous rupture of membranes with term gestation with confirmed PROM were selected.Results: PROM was common in age group of 20-29 years (80%), and common in primigravida. Study showed majority of them belongs to low socioeconomic status (80%) , 13.33% belonged  to middle socioeconomic status and 6.66% belonged to higher socioeconomic status. In present study, it is observed that 27.05% cases  went  into  spontaneous labour and delivered normally, 56.50% cases delivered by induction and  20% cases  were delivered by LSCS. The rate of maternal morbidity was 16.6%,  which includes febrile morbidity accounting to maximum with 9.6% followed by wound infection 3.33% and others were PPH(1.66%)and puerperal sepsis (each 1.66%).Conclusions: The rate of maternal morbidity was 16.6% and no maternal death observed. Hence an appropriate and accurate diagnosis of PROM is essential for favorable outcome in pregnancy and reduces the maternal morbidity.
Use of non-pneumatic anti shock garment in hemorrhagic shock
Authors: Bangal Vidyadhar B. , Gavhane Satyajit , Raut Sonal , Thorat Ujwala
Published: January 2019

Background: Non-pneumatic anti-shock garment (NASG) is a first-aid device that reverses hypovolemic shock and decreases obstetric haemorrhage. It consists of articulated neoprene segments that close tightly with Velcro, shunting blood from the lower body to the core organs, elevating blood pressure and increasing preload and cardiac output. The use of an NASG can stabilize a patient while awaiting transport, during transport, or during delays in receiving care at referral facilities.Methods: A prospective observational study of use of non-pneumatic anti shock garment (NASG) in cases with obstetric hemorrhagic shock was carried out at a tertiary referral center. As soon as severe shock was recognized in the hospital, the anti-shock garment was placed. Data on various parameters related to use of NASG was collected and interpreted to draw conclusions.Results: NASG was used in 25 cases of hemorrhagic shock during one-year period. Post-partum hemorrhage (36%) was the commonest indication for NASG use, followed by ruptured tubal ectopic pregnancy (28%). It was observed that 68% and 32 % of women had shock index of 1-1.5 and above 1.5 respectively at the time of application of NASG. The shock index rapidly improved to 0.5-0.9 in 92% and 1-1.5 in 8 percent of cases respectively after the application of NASG. The NASG was mainly used in labour room (40%) and emergency department (36%).  NASG was applied by nurses and doctors together in 64% of cases. NASG was kept for a period 24 hours in 92% cases. The survival rate was 96% following use of NASG.Conclusions: NASG is a temporizing alternative measure in hemorrhagic shock management that shows a trend to reduce hemorrhage related deaths and severe morbidities. NASG should be made available at all health facilities that deal with high risk pregnancies and deliveries.
Comparison of Amsel’s criteria and Nugent’s criteria for diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis in tertiary care centre
Authors: Bansal Romi , Garg Priyanka , Garg Aastha
Published: January 2019

Background: Bacterial vaginosis is an imbalance in the ecology of the normal vaginal flora which is characterized by depletion of lactobacilli, and proliferation of anaerobic bacteria. It most often manifests clinically as a vaginal pH of > 4.5, presence of thin whitish homogenous vaginal discharge, detection of “clue” cells and presence of an amine odour after the addition of 10 percent potassium hydroxide. These anaerobic bacteria through specific products stimulate the decidual tissue causing an increase of cytokine level, release of phospholipase A2 and prostaglandins leading to preterm labor, premature rupture of membranes, chorioamnionitis and development of PID following abortion. To compare Amsel Criteria and Nugent Criteria for diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis.Methods: A cross sectional study involving 260 patients with preterm and term labour was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in North India. BV was determined to be present or absent on the basis of Amsel’s criteria and Nugent’s criteria. Pearson’s chi-square test was used to demonstrate the difference between both groups with respect to various categorical data.Results: Amsel’s criteria and Nugent’s criteria were reliable diagnostic methods. As compared to Nugent scoring system, Amsel’s criteria had sensitivity of 75%, specificity of 95%, positive predictive value of 90% and negative predictive value of 86%.Conclusions: Although the Amsel’s criteria is a convenient and inexpensive method of diagnosing bacterial vaginosis, it is not always reliable. Nugent’s criteria is considered as a gold standard for the diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis but it requires an experienced slide reader and considerable time and skill. If lab equipment is not available as in many developing countries, the diagnosis of BV can be simplified by using a combination of any two Amsel’s criteria like vaginal pH and whiff test which had highest sensitivity and specificity (90.19% and 97.78%) respectively as seen in present study.
Predictive value of uterine artery: peak systolic velocity on the day of trigger for clinical pregnancy rate in infertile women
Authors: Makhija Karishma , Shrivasatava Deepti , Tiwari M.
Published: January 2019

Background: The purpose of the study is to evaluate the role of uterine artery blood flow parameter measured by uterine artery two-dimensional (2D) power coloured doppler (PCD) ultrasound in predicting fertility outcomes in women undergoing ART treatment.Methods: It is prospective observational study. Total of 60 patients were included  of receiving infertility treatment in the age group20-40 years. 20 patients were selected for timed intercourse , 20 patients were selected for intrauterine insemination , 20 patients were selected for invitro fertilization. Transvaginalsonography will be done on the day of trigger by BHCG , UA PSV were measured,  and endometrial blood flow will be assessed. Predictivity of pregnancy rate  will be looked after by 3 ways: BHCG values  , UPT, Gestational sac  on USG.Results: In TI/IUI/IVF cycles the Doppler parameter PSV of uterine artery (23.08+/-3.39 vs 20.37-/+5.43) in pregnant vs non-pregnant group did not differ significantly. The mean PSV   of UA shows no significant difference women who were became pregnant during treatment and the women who were not became pregnant.Conclusions: With help of Doppler parameter imaging of women undergoing infertility it was found that UA PSV is non-significant to decide the prediction of pregnancy outcome.
Effect of vitamin C on testosterone level, sperm count and sperm morphology in gentamicin-induced Wistar rats
Authors: Rahayu Iis , Usman Elly , Reza Mohamad
Published: January 2019

Background: Gentamicin is an aminoglycoside-class antibiotic that can lead to an increase in ROS and decrease antioxidant reserves that cause destruction of testicular cells that are known to inhibit cell division in testicular germ cells and protein synthesis in the testes as well as affect the production of testosterone that affects the quality of spermatogenesis. Vitamin C as an antioxidant can counteract ROS so that testicular cells can be repaired.Methods: This study was an experimental research with post tests only control group design on 25 male rats, 2-3 aged months, weight 160-240 g. Animals were divided into 5 groups. Negative control group was placed in cage without treatment, positive control given induced gentamicin 5mg/kgbb for the first 10 days, and 3 treatment given induced gentamicin 5mg/kgbb for the first 10 days and at days 11-51 were given vitamin C at a dose of 1.6mg; 2.25mg; 4.5mg. On 52 day, all of wistar rats perform terminated for analyzed the testosterone levels were by ELISA, sperm count was calculated with then haemocytometer observed with digital microscope, morphology of spermatozoa was analyzed by eosin staining and was observed with digital microscope.Results: Results of this study showed that the average of testosteron serum on control negatif group of 3,82ng/ml, control positif 3.73ng/ml, treatment 1 is 9.52ng/ml, treatment 2 is 8.29ng/ml, and traetment 3 is 2.28ng/ml. Sperm count on control negatif 41.68 million/ml, control positif 21.06million/ml, treatment 1 is 52.92 million/ml, treatment 2 is 57.12million/ml, treatment 3 is 80.88 million/ml and sperm morphology on control negative  74.00%, control positif 46.96%, treatment 1 is 58.82%, treatment 2 is 68.68%, and treatment 3 is 78.72%.Conclusions: It is concluded that vitamin C has significant effect on increasing testosteron level and sperm quality in gentamicin-induced wistar rats.
Comparative assessment of antibiotic resistance among first and second year undergraduate medical students in a tertiary care teaching hospital
Authors: Gupta Rohini , Malhotra Apoorva , Malhotra Pavan
Published: January 2019

Background: Antibiotics are one of the commonest prescribing drugs in day to day practice. However indiscriminate and irrational use of antibiotics has given rise to the emergence of antibiotic resistance. Thus, intervention in the form of educating students and making them aware about this important concept should be initiated at the gross root level right from the beginning of medical profession. Objective was to assess the comparative awareness regarding antimicrobial resistance between first and second year MBBS students.Methods: This was a comparative, cross-sectional questionnaire based study. Two forty six undergraduate medical students, 118 students from 1st year and 129 students from 2nd year MBBS were included in the study to assess the extent of knowledge and about the problem of antibiotic resistance. Self-administered questionnaire was used to collect the data from respondents. The questionnaires of both the groups were analyzed for the responses of the students and were compared using student ‘t’ test and chi-square test.Results: Majority of the participants 63.6% and 72.9% had completed the full course of antibiotics as prescribed by the physician. Statistically significant difference (p<0.05) was found between the two groups where in 58.4% of the first year and 16.3% of the second year students were of the view that antibiotics can be used for viral illnesses. Only 44.1% students of first year knew the reasons for antibiotic resistance.Conclusions: It can be concluded from the present study that second year medical students were more aware regarding antimicrobial resistance as compared to first year MBBS students who represented the general public. Thus, it is very important to educate the students in a practical manner about this concept as they are the future health care givers who can promote the rational use of antibiotics in near future.
Blistering eruptions following isotretinoin therapy for hidradenitis suppurativa: a case report
Authors: Anaba Ehiaghe L. , Oaku Ruth I.
Published: January 2019

A 33-year-old male was treated with isotretinoin (20mg daily) for hidradenitis suppurativa. After 6 weeks on the medication, he developed symmetrical erythematous tense blisters on the lower legs. Report of biopsy done was of intraepidermal blisters with superficial dermal lymphohistiocytic infitrates. He was commenced on oral prednisolone 30mg daily and Isotretinoin was withdrawn. The blisters resolved over a 2week period. The lesions of hidradenitis suppurativa were noticed to have improved with the short course of isotretionoin.
Tubular electrospun scaffolds tested in vivo for tissue engineering
Authors: Valderrama-Treviño Alan Isaac , Uriarte-Ruiz Karen , Romero Juan José Granados , Castell Rodriguez Andrés Eliú , Maciel-Cerda Alfredo , Banegaz-Ruiz Rodrigo , Barrera-Mera Baltazar
Published: January 2019

Tissue engineering has been widely used for its great variety of functions. It has been seen as a solution to satisfy the need for vascular substitutes like small diameter vessels, veins, and nerves. One of the most used methods is electrospinning, due to the fact that it allows the use of various polymers, sizes, mandrels and it can adjust the conditions to create personalized scaffolds. For the creation of scaffolds is fundamental to understand the advantages and disadvantages of each polymer, of this, will depend the biodegradability, biocompatibility, porosity, cellular adhesion, and cell proliferation as it is essential to mimic the extracellular matrix and provide structural support for the cells. The aim of this review was to investigate which materials are being used for the creation of tubular scaffolds by electrospinning. Here we selected only in vivo evaluation to demonstrate remodeling of the grafts into native-like tissues, in vitro evaluations had been excluded from this review. We analyze the conditions like speed, distance and voltage and the modifications like growth factors and combinations of natural and synthetic polymers that allow the authors to have a functional scaffold that will suit its purpose.
Carcinogenic herbs: a review
Authors: Tewari Ishan , Shukla Prashant , Sehgal Vijay K.
Published: January 2019

Herbal toxicity is a field that has rapidly grown over the last few years along with increased use of herbal products worldwide. People prefer using herbal medicines rather than allopathic because herbals are considered safe. Use of herbal medicines from ancient times does not ensure their complete safety. With the growing awareness regarding pharmacovigilance worldwide, there has been an increase in the number of reported adverse events occurring with the use of herbal products. The objective of the study is to aware the researchers about most commonly used Indian medicinal herbs inducing carcinogenicity like Aloe vera, Ginkgo biloba, Kava kava, etc.
Quality of life of adolescents with facial acne vulgaris before and after treatment in Ibadan, Nigeria
Authors: Anaba Ehiaghe L. , Adebola O. O.
Published: January 2019

Background: Adolescent facial acne vulgaris impairs their quality of life (QOL). This impairment of QOL in has been documented to improve with treatment. In Nigerian adolescents who have facial acne vulgaris, it is not known if QOL improves with treatment. The aim was to assess QOL improvement with in adolescents who have facial acne vulgaris. To identify the socio-demographic, CADI QOL items and clinical characteristics related to this QOL improvement.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional comparative study. One hundred and nine adolescents aged 15-20 years clinically examined for facial acne vulgaris. Quality of life before and after 6 weeks of treatment with 10% benzoyl peroxide was assessed using the Cardiff acne disability index. Data was analyzed using SPSS 16. The differences in quality of life scores were tested using non-parametric tests. Level of significance of all tests was p<0.05.

Results: Post-treatment, the median CADI score improved to 2 from a pre-interventional score of 4, p<0.001. Improvement was observed in all the components of the CADI especially with the question, “how bad do you think your acne is now” with a percentage reduction from 81.4% to 54.6% and this improvement was in more males with improvement from 92% to 65%. Also, post-treatment, moderate to severe clinical severity of acne improved from 49.1% to 10.3%, p<0.001.

Conclusions: Treatment of adolescent facial acne leads to improvement of QOL especially in the perception of facial skin appearance and the severity of acne.
Dermatology life quality index in patients with persisting and recurrent dermatophytoses
Authors: Rajashekar T. S. , Nandigonnanavar Shruti , Kuppuswamy Suresh Kumar , Madhavi G. Shruthi
Published: January 2019

Background: Dermatophytosis is the most common fungal infection, which has recurrent and persisting course because of topical steroid abuse, irregular treatment and poor hygiene. Dermatology life quality index (DLQI) is a questionnaire based survey method to assess the impact and severity of many dermatology specific diseases and infections. There is paucity in the literature on the impact of dermatophytosis on the quality of life (Qol). The aim of the study was to assess the impact of dermatophytosis and its sequelae on quality of life.

Methods: A total of 186 patients with recurrent and persistent dermatophytosis were selected for Qol questionnaire for a period of six months and statistical analysis was performed using t test to determine the impact of dermatophytosis on Qol.

Results: Male to female ratio was 2.7:1, most cases were between 25 to 45 years age group. Thigh fold and gluteal region were the most common sites involved. Mean DLQI score was 12.7. The DLQI scores were statistically influenced by age of the patient, duration of the infection and site of involvement.

Conclusions: This study revealed significant impairment of Qol in dermatophytosis patients. Assurance and counselling along with early and prompt treatment plays a significant role in reducing disease related psychosocial sequelae and increase the efficacy of treatment.
Haematological profile of human immunodeficiency virus infected patients
Authors: Chitra C. L. , Manipriya R. , Deepa K.
Published: January 2019

Background: In India, approximately 6 million populations are affected by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Anemia and leukopenia, especially thrombocytopenia is seen commonly in HIV infections. Low CD4+ count and increased viral load are some of the factors associated with increased risk of thrombocytopenia. The aim of the study was to study the hematological changes that occur in HIV infected patients who attend the Institute of Venereology, before starting HAART.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Institute of Venereology, Madras Medical College/Rajiv Gandhi Government General Hospital, Chennai in 100 treatment-naive HIV infected patients. Detailed history and clinical examination was done. Blood samples were collected. Complete blood count, CD4 count, prothrombin time, activated plasma thromboplastin time, peripheral smear etc., were done. Results were collected and analysed.

Results: Out of 100 patients, 56% were males and 43% females and one transgender. Anaemia was detected in 72%patients. 73.5% males and 76.2% females with CD4 count <350/μl were anemic. The commonest anaemia was normochromic normocytic, seen in 65% patients. 7 male and 7 female patients had leukopenia. 81.25%patients with lymphocytopenia had CD4 count <350/μl. 12% males and 4% females had neutropenia. 17% had neutrophilia. Patients in WHO stage I did not have neutropenia. 23% patients had thrombocytopenia. 47% patients with thrombocytopenia were in stage IV. Maximum number of patients with normal platelet count was in stage I.

Conclusions: Haematological abnormalities are a common occurrence during the course of HIV infection. Identifying and treating the haematological changes have great impact on both the morbidity and mortality of HIV infected patients.
Efficacy of apremilast in psoriasis: a cross sectional study
Authors: Thomas Jayakar , Srinivasan Shreya
Published: January 2019

Background: This study was done to evaluate the efficacy of apremilast in patients with psoriasis.

Methods: A total of 20 patients clinically diagnosed with different forms of psoriasis were prescribed apremilast 30 mg twice a day. A psoriasis area severity index (PASI) scoring was done every 4 weeks with a final score taken at the end of 12 weeks.

Results: Of the 20 (eight female and 12 male) patients prescribed apremilast 30 mg, 8 patients achieved 75% and more PASI reduction, 10 patients achieved 50% and more PASI reduction at the end of 12 weeks. One patient did not show any significant PASI reduction, while another patient dropped out from the study after 3 weeks of apremilast due to intolerable vomiting and diarrhoea.

Conclusions: Apremilast, a relatively safe drug, has no effect on the haematological, renal, hepatic systems as well as no major immunological effects like other drugs used in the treatment of psoriasis, making monitoring of laboratory parameters inconsequential. It is also well tolerated with very few side effects in comparison, making it a welcome drug in the long run.
Primary Ovarian Choriocarcinoma: One Case in 20 Years at INCA and Literature Review
Authors: Da Silva Liliane Cristina , Guitmann Gustavo , Patury Patricia , Fernandes Daniel , Lustosa Erico
Published: January 2019

Primary ovarian choriocarcinoma treatment doesn’t have a specific protocol and therefore several questions about this disease are still unanswered. This study is interesting because we performed a comprehensive review of the medical literature and report through descriptive analysis the only case registered as Primary ovarian choriocarcinoma in the period of 20 years at the Brazilian National do Cancer. Reading this paper may offer you the opportunity to understand biological behavior, pathological and clinical aspects, imaging indications and usefulness for a rare and deadly disease. Because it is a rare neoplasm and with few studies, there is no consensus for the treatment.
Cyklofiliny â białka o wielu funkcjach
Authors: Olejnik Przemysław , Nuc Katarzyna
Published: January 2019

Cyclophilins together with FK-506-binding proteins and parvulins, belong to a group of proteins that have peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase activity. They also belong to proteins that are collectively known as immunophilins. Cyclophilins are found in all cells of all organisms studied, in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. The first member of the cyclophilins to be identified in mammals, cyclophilin A, is the major cellular target for the immunosuppressive drug cyclosporin A. This review discusses recently available data about proteins with cyclophilin domain (CBD). Recent studies have implicated a diverse array of additional cellular functions for cyclophilins, including roles as chaperones and in cell signalling as well as in several human diseases.
Wspomnienia i komentarze z ostatnich 42 lat pracy w Instytucie Nenckiego widzianych oczyma byłego dyrektora
Authors: Nałęcz Maciej J.
Published: January 2019

The author describes his 42 years in the Nencki Institute (1976-2018), with special emphasis on people and events that marked the life of the Institute during this time. The article contains some personal memories and comments, starting with authorâs early research in the Nencki Institute, under communism, years of directorship of the Institute (1991-2002) and, finally, the current time.
Molekularne podłoże oddziaływania komórek nowotworowych z mikrośrodowiskiem w glejakach złośliwych
Authors: Ellert- Miklaszewska Aleksandra , Pasierbinska Maria , Poleszak Katarzyna , Kamińska Bożena
Published: January 2019

Growing evidence supports a critical role of the tumor-reprogrammed stromal cells in tumor growth and progression. Several extracellular communication networks are hijacked by the tumors to influence the surrounding tumor microenvironment. In malignant gliomas, tumor derived factors attract brain resident microglia and peripheral macrophages. These cells, instead of initiating antitumor responses, are re-educated by tumor cells and participate in matrix remodeling, support invasion and angiogenesis, and induce immunosuppression. Molecular underlining of these mutual and complex interactions in malignant gliomas is the main scope of this review.
Receptory somatostatynowe w mózgu
Authors: Kossut Małgorzata , Łukomska Agnieszka , Dobrzański Grzegorz , Liguz-Lęcznar Monika
Published: January 2019

Somatostatin is a peptide that participates in numerous biochemical and signaling pathways. It functions via receptors (SSTRs1-5), which belong to the family of receptors coupled with protein G. All somatostatin receptors are characterized by a certain degree of homology in molecular structure. The cell effects of their agonists in peripheral tissues rely mainly on the inhibition of the hormones release. Somatostatin is also an important neuromodulator and neurotransmitter. SSTRs may affect other receptors, forming structural and functional homodimers and heterodimers. SSTRs play also role in the regulation of physiological processes, such as itching and pain, reproductive functions, regulation of feeding or mood. Besides physiological functions, SSTRs contribute also to the pathogenesis of glial tumors, neurodegenerative diseases, or post hemorrhagic stroke changes. Recent years of research have provided new data regarding the role of somatostatin receptor signaling pathways in the brain and the knowledge in this field is developing rapidly.
Preeklampsja – choroba kobiet w ciąży
Authors: Filipek Anna , Jurewicz Ewelina
Published: January 2019

Preeklampsja, (inaczej EPH-gestoza), to złożony zespół chorobowy specyficzny dla okresu ciąży. Dotyczy on 3-5% ciężarnych kobiet i charakteryzuje się występowaniem obrzęków, nadciśnienia tętniczego i białkomoczu. Ponadto, u kobiet z preeklampsją obserwuje się zaburzenia dunkcji wielu narządów, w tym nerek i wątroby, a w przypadku płodu – ograniczenie jego wzrostu. Nieleczona preeklampsja może doprowadzić do zgonu, a w krajach słabo rozwiniętych jest ona jedną z głównych przyczyn śmiertelności matki i dziecka. W późniejszym okresie życia u kobiet, które chorowały na preeklampsję często dochodzi do rozwoju chorób sercowo-naczyniowych. Jak dotąd, jedyną formą terapii w ciężkich przypadkach preeklampsji jest stabilizacja stanu matki i płodu, a następnie rozwiązanie ciąży w czasie najlepszym dla obu stron. W niniejszej pracy zebrano najnowsze dane literaturowe dotyczące przyczyn, objawów oraz sposobów diagnozowania i zapobiegania preeklampsji.
50-ta rocznica odkrycia „magicznych plamek” â najnowsze osiągnięcia w badaniach nad (p)ppGpp
Authors: Dylewski Maciej , Sobala Michał , Bruhn-Olszewska Bożena , Potrykus Katarzyna
Published: January 2019

About 50 years ago, „magic spots” â mediators of the bacterial stringent response, were discovered and were later identified as guanosine tetra- and pentaphosphate (ppGpp and pppGpp, jointly referred to as (p)ppGpp). At first, it seemed that stringent response is associated only with bacterial response to amino acid starvation, however, it soon turned out that (p)ppGpp is synthesized in response to other stresses as well. The mentioned alarmones are found to exist in all known bacterial species, as well as in plants. In recent years, a significant progress has been made in research on (p)ppGpp metabolism. It is also known that the stringent response affects many cellular processes, among which its effect on transcription is the best characterized. Moreover, (p)ppGpp is involved in the DNA repair pathway associated with transcription. In addition, the stringent response inhibits cell division, mainly by hindering DNA replication. (p)ppGpp is also of significant medical importance â it is necessary for virulence of many bacterial species and for turning them into persisters, i.e. cells which have elevated tolerance to many antibiotics.
TAA Properly Defined
Authors: Brown Robert A.
Published: January 2019

Tactical Asset Allocation (TAA) has generally been misspecified, oversold, and subsequently underdelivered. Nevertheless, TAA offers a series of highly attractive investment attributes when adviser/client expectations are properly set and the strategy is appropriately positioned as a portion of a comprehensive investor solution. This article’s objective is three-fold. First, to identify the attractive investment attributes of TAA relative to passive buy & hold. Second, to quantify or parameterize these relative advantages so that users can better assess the relevance of TAA for their own specific needs. Third, this article’s last objective is to describe the give-ups or tradeoffs associated with TAA, so that it can be properly understood, communicated, and therefore applied to the correct portion of an investor’s aggregate portfolio.
Membangun Karakter Peserta Didik MI/SD Melalui Media Komik Pembelajaran
Authors: Laksana Sigit Dwi
Published: January 2019

Problems of students’ character are currently the main focus in the education realm. The role of the family, teachers, and the society is critical in shaping the character of children.The weakness of character-based learning in an educational institution has been the key factor on the problem of student characters. The teacher in the learning process is often lessinovative and creative in designing the learning process, especially in terms of learning media design. Comic is one of media that can help students and can replace the position of teachers in learning activities both inside and outside the classroom. Comic can be used in a two-way learning process, namely as a teaching tool and as a medium for shaping the character of the students. Based on observation field, it is known that in the process of learning, comic as instructional medium has never been utilized. Therefore, the presence of learning media in the form of comics is expected to assist the teacher in the learning process and helps in forming the character of students. Comic languages using polite language are expected to avoid impolite languages and not in accordance with the objectives of education character. This also inspires the use of instructional media comic contents of learning materials in elementary school. Comics as a medium of learning is able to build the foundations of character for learners and are ultimately capable of constructing human characters that are intact and resilient.
Rekontruksi Pengetahuan Inklusif dalam Mewujudkan Scientific Vision Program Studi PGMI UM Magelang
Authors: Oktradiksa Ahwy
Published: January 2019

Inclusion education is an educational concept that does not distinguish the background of a child's life just because of physical and mental limitations. This education is intended for children with special needs to be able to hone their talents and motivations since few of them experience problems in receiving and processing the information around them. Generally, the problem is known as specific learning difficulties (learning disabilities) which is a disorder in one or more of the basic psychological processes covering the understanding and the use of spoken or written language. The department of elementary madrasah teacher education of Islamic education faculty of Muhammadiyah Magelang University (PGMI FAI UMMagelang) is trying to formulate Scientific Vision which is manifested as an explanation in the vision of department which means “Excellence in Inclusive Education.”