bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Presentation a New Method for Determining of Bridge Condition Index by Using Analytical Hierarchy Process
Authors: Darban Saeid , Ghasemzadeh Tehrani Hosein , Karballaeezadeh Nader
Published: March 2020

This paper proposes a method for determining the bridge condition index (BCI) in concrete bridges, which is based on the views of bridge experts. First, eight indices were defined for a concrete bridge including structure, hydrology, safety, load impact, geotechnical and seismicity, strategic importance, facilities, and finally traffic and pavement. Each index consists of several sub-indices. Next, a series of questionnaires about the relative importance of indices and their sub-indices were prepared and distributed among bridge experts. Experts’ views were analyzed by Expert Choice software and the relative importance (weight) of each index and each sub-index was determined using the analytical hierarchy process (AHP). Then, based on experts’ views, an average score was assigned to each sub-index for any condition. Now the bridge inspectors can examine the bridge and determine the scores of sub-indices. Each index’s score is the sum of the weighted score assigned to its’ sub-indices and BCI is the sum of weighted scores assigned to indices. Higher values of BCI indicate a better condition. Therefore, bridges with lower BCI take priority in maintenance activities. To apply the proposed method, five bridges were selected in Semnan province, Iran, and BCI calculation of these bridges were conducted.
Variable Structural Networks at the Active Site of the SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV2 Main Proteases
Authors: Krishnamoorthy Navaneethakrishnan
Published: March 2020

The novel coronavirus SARS-CoV2 (CoV2) emerged in December 2019. This virus has 88% genomic similarity with SARS-CoV (CoV), and both viruses largely depend on their main protease (Mpro) to regulate infection. Mpro thus represents an attractive target for anti-SARS drug design. The CoV and CoV2 Mpro are 97% identical at the sequence level, with 12 variable residues, and their X-ray structures appear similar. We thus structurally analysed how these variable residues affect the intra-molecular interactions between key residues in the CoV2 Mpro active-site. Compared to CoV Mpro, the 12 divergent residues in CoV2 Mpro exhibit modified intra-molecular interaction networks that ultimately restructure the molecular micro-environment. These altered networks also indirectly affect the networks of other active-site residues at the entrance (T26, M49 and Q192) and near the catalytic region (F140, H163, H164, M165 and H172) of the Mpro. This suggest CoV2 indirectly (via neighbours) reshape key molecular networks around the Mpro active-site. It seems that the CoV2 Mpro deceives us with its apparent structurally identical to the CoV Mpro while this viral system accumulates mass mutations (12 variable residues) at key positions. Some of these identified CoV2 Mpro networks at the active-site might guide design of efficient CoV2 Mpro inhibitors.
Properties of Mixed Polypropylene / Polylactide after Multiple Processing
Authors: Fabijański Mariusz , Garbarski Jacek
Published: March 2020

Polypropylene (PP) is commonly used in the polymer processing industry. Its feature is a good chemical resistance, it is non-toxic and not harmful to people. Polypropylene is widely used in the manufacturing of food packages, laboratory and medical equipment, electric cables insulators, automotive parts, toys and furniture. The application of this material enables us to obtain complicated shapes of big surfaces. It is also highly recyclable. Polylactide (PLA) is a product of the so called “green chemistry” because it is obtained from the renewable raw materials (biomass). As its price is higher compared to the traditional polymers, its repeated use (recycling) is of high interest. Due to the same reason (cost) the mixtures of PLA with other polymers are applied. In this paper the results of testing the PP/PLA mixtures of various mass ratio of the components are presented. Technical terms of preparing and processing such mixtures have been practically tested. Also the mechanical strength was determined based on the static tensile tests. The results showed that those mixtures can be repeatedly processed. Even five-times reprocessing does not cause essential drop of mechanical properties
Design of a Peptide-Based Subunit Vaccine against Novel Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Kalita Parismita , Padhi Aditya K. , Zhang Kam Y.J. , Tripathi Timir
Published: March 2020

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an emerging infectious disease that was first reported in Wuhan, China and has subsequently spread worldwide. In the absence of any antiviral or immunomodulatory therapies, the disease is spreading at an alarming rate. 5 to 10% of recovered patients in Wuhan test positive again; this suggest that for controlling COVID-19, vaccines may be better option than drugs. A clinical trial to evaluate an anti-COVID-19 vaccine has started recently. However, its efficacy and potency have to be evaluated and validated. As an alternative, we are presenting a first-of-its-kind, designed multi-peptide subunit based epitope vaccine against COVID-19. The vaccine construct comprise an adjuvant, CTL, HTL, and B-cell epitopes joined by linkers. The vaccine is non-toxic, non-allergenic, thermostable and immunogenic with the capability to elicit a humoral and cell-mediated immune response. The findings are validated with high-end computation-based methods. This unique vaccine is made up of 33 highly antigenic epitopes from three proteins that have a prominent role in host receptor recognition, viral entry, and pathogenicity. We advocate this vaccine must be synthesized and tested urgently as public health priority.
О моделировании слоистого течения вязкой проводящей жидкости в области, изменяющейся во времени
Authors: Галкин Валерий Алексеевич , Galkin Valerii Alekseevich , Дубовик Алексей Олегович , Dubovik Aleksei Olegovich
Published: March 2020

Исследуется течение вязкой проводящей несжимаемой жидкости в изменяющейся
во времени области. В рамках модели слоистого течения жидкости рассмотрен
класс точных решений уравнений магнитной гидродинамики в области, движущейся во времени. Исследуется изменение структуры течения жидкости в результате
объемного воздействия магнитным полем и движения границы области течения.
Рассматривается явление тепловыделения в результате внутреннего трения и джоулева подогрева. Представленные результаты актуальны в связи с исследованием
оптимизационных задач управления динамикой несжимаемой жидкости и созданием отечественной технологии “цифровое месторождение”.
Analisis Motor Ability Terhadap Keterampilan Teknik Pada Permainan Futsal Murid SD Rama Sejahtera Kecamatan Panakukang Kota Makassar
Authors: Sutirta Habibi , Abdul Karim Abdurrauf
Published: March 2020

The research is correlational and inferential, so it is necessary to design and examine the contribution of strength, speed, agility, and explosive power toward technical skill in futsal. The results of the research reveal that (1) there is significant contribution of strength towards students' Technical Skillin futsal at SD Rama Sejahtera Kecamatan Panakukang Kota Makassar by 50,8% proved from the result of analysis which obtained observation regression value (Ro) = 28,903 (p<0,05) with determination coeffiecient by 0,508. (2) there is significant contribution of speed towards students' technical skill in futsal at SD Rama Sejahtera Kecamatan Panakukang Kota Makassar by 38,8% proved from the result of analysis which obtained observation regression value (Ro) = 17,730 (p<0,05) with determination coeffiecient by 0,388. (3) there is significant contribution of agility towards students' technical skill in futsal at SD Rama Sejahtera Kecamatan Panakukang Kota Makassar by 28,0% proved from the result of analysis which obtained observation regression value (Ro) = 10,914 (p<0,05) with determination coeffiecient by 0,280. (4) there is significant contribution of explosive power towards students' technical skill in futsal at SD Rama Sejahtera Kecamatan Panakukang Kota Makassar by 62,3% proved from the result of analysis which obtained observation regression value (Ro) = 46,194 (p<0,05) with determination coeffiecient by 0,623. (5) there are strength, speed, agility, and explosive power contribution towards students' technical skill in futsal at SD Rama Sejahtera Kecamatan Panakukang Kota Makassar by 66,9% proved from the result of analysis which obtained observation regression value (Ro) = 12,619 (p<0,05) with determination coeffiecient by 0,699.

Key words: Motor ability, technique skill,  futsal
Effect of Dopant Concentration on the Structural, Optical and Sensing Properties of (SnO2)1-x(TiO2:CuO)x Sprayed Films
Authors: Et al. Mahmood
Published: March 2020

Spray pyrolysis technique was subjected to synthesized (SnO2)1-x (TiO2: CuO) x Thin films on different substrates like glass and single crystal silicon using. The structure of the deposited films was studied using x-ray diffraction. A more pronounced diffraction peaks of SnO2 while no peaks of (CuO , TiO2 ) phase appear in the X-ray profiles by increasing of the content of (TiO2 , CuO) in the sprayed films. Mixing concentration (TiO2 , CuO) influences on the size of the crystallites of the SnO2 films ,the size of crystallites of the spray paralyzed oxide films change in regular manner by increasing of (TiO2 , CuO) amount. The effect of mixing concentration on the optical properties of the films was also investigated. The reflectance and transmittance spectra  in the wavelength range (300-1100) nm were employed to determine the optical properties such as energy band gap (Eg) and refractive index (n),  extinction coefficient  (k) , real and imaginary parts of dielectric constants (ε1, ε2) for (SnO2)1-x(TiO2:CuO)x films. The energy band gap omit of which showed reduction from (3.65 to 2.2) eV by reducing of SnO2 amount from (100 to 70) % .The reduction of energy band gap was ascribed to the new tail states introduced in the band gap of tin oxide. The sensitivity of the prepared sensor film was determined resistance difference of the films when exposed to oxidizing gas. The data declared that the mixed SnO2 films have better sensitivity in comparison with unmixed films.
Promoting Solar Cell Efficiencies via Employing Sliver- Carbon- Pomegranate Peel Nano System
Authors: Et al. Hamza
Published: March 2020

In this work, a functional nanocomposite consisting of multi walled carbon nanotubes combined with nanoparticles of silver and Pomegranate peel extract (MWCNTs- SNPs -NPGPE) was successfully synthesized using ultra sonic technique. The nanocomposite has been characterized using Transmission electron microscope (TEM), XRD, Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) UV-Vis and FTIR. The obtained results reveal that the MWCNTs-SNPs-NPGPE nanocomposite exhibits form of nanotubes with rough surfaces and containing black spots, which are the silver nanoparticles. The dimensions of this tube are 161 nm in length and 60 nm in width with nanoparticles of silver not exceeding 20 nm. The XRD pattern of the prepared MWCNTs-SNPs-NPGPE nanocomposite showed four main peaks corresponding to the carbon nanotubes and planes of face centered cubic silver nanoparticles. The IR spectra referring to the(O-H) group stretching vibrations in carboxylic acid groups might come from NPGPE, and the stretching vibration of aliphatic C-H in carbon nanotubes. The carbon nanotube was used in solar cells (CNSCs) fabricated with and/or without fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) on the glass substrate with poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and [6,6]-phenyl C61-butyric acid methylester (PCBM) blends (P3HT: PCBM). The FTO-(MWCNTs-SNPs-NPGPE / P3HT: PCBM/CNT/FTO-glass revealed more efficient CNSCs.
Properties of a Complete Fuzzy Normed Algebra
Authors: Et al. Kider
Published: March 2020

The aim of this paper is to translate the basic properties of the classical complete normed algebra to the complete fuzzy normed algebra at this end a proof of multiplication fuzzy continuous is given. Also a proof of every fuzzy normed algebra  without identity can be embedded into fuzzy normed algebra  with identity  and  is an ideal in  is given. Moreover the proof of the resolvent set of a non zero element in complete fuzzy normed space is equal to the set of complex numbers is given. Finally basic properties of the resolvent space of a complete fuzzy normed algebra is given.
On Skew Left n-Derivations with Lie Ideal Structure
Authors: Et al. Faraj
Published: March 2020

In this paper the centralizing and commuting concerning skew left -derivations and skew left -derivations associated with antiautomorphism on prime and semiprime rings were studied and  the commutativity of Lie ideal under certain conditions were proved.
Effects of Educational Interventions on Oral Hygiene: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Dadipoor Sakineh , Ghaffari Mohtasham , New Mahsa Mortazavi , Alipour Abbas , Safari-Moradabadi Ali
Published: March 2020

Background: The objective of this study is to evaluate the effects of school based oral health interventions programs on students’ oral hygiene, in developing countries through systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods: Our investigation was conducted in electronic databases including MEDLINE Ovid), Embase Ovid, Scopus), Web of Science from 2000 to march 2018.The data were extracted based on a standard data collection form specific to observational studies, and entered into RevMan 2014. Inclusion criteria included individually randomized controlled trials (RCTs) or cluster-RCTs including quasi- experimental studies that were related to oral health interventions. Software RevMan 2014was used for meta-analysis. A meta-analysis was carried out using random-effects models. Results: Twelve studies of students in this review finally entered the study including five individual RCTs, four cluster-RCTs, and three quasi-experimental studies. The intervention study period ranged from 1 month to 9 month. Interventions described in the studies briefly included oral health education with activities such as lectures, albums, slides, pamphlets, posters, and role playing. Meta-analyses showed a significant difference in knowledge (SMD 3.31, 95% CI 2.52 to 4.11; I 2 = 98; P < 0.001), attitude (SMD 1.99, 95% CI 0. 43 to 3.54; I 2 = 99; P < 0.001), behavior (SMD 4.74, 95% CI 3.70 to 5.77; I 2 = 99; P < 0.001), plaque index (SMD -1.01, 95% CI -1.50 to -0. 51; I 2 = 97; P < 0.001) and Gingival index (SMD 0. 33, 95% CI -0. 36 to 1. 02; I 2 = 98; P = 0.34) for students receiving educational interventions compared to those receiving usual care . Discussion: The systematic review concludes that educational interventions are effective for improving oral health knowledge, attitudes, behaviors, etc., which could potentially lead to improved oral health, reduced oral diseases, and reduced costs from treating oral diseases.
How does neighborhood psychosocial interventions affect the link between living alone and psychological disorders in later life?
Authors: Gyasi Razak M , Abass Kabila , Adu-Gyamfi Samuel
Published: March 2020

Background: Social isolation is widespread and strongly associated with deleterious health-related outcomes across the life course in low- and middle-income settings. Despite this broad base of knowledge, there is little reported research on the pathways linking living alone to later life psychological state. Thus, the aim of this study was to examine the influence of living alone on psychological disorder in middle- aged and older people and to explore the protective role of potential psychosocial strategies such as social participation and physical activity. Methods: We used cross-sectional data from a 2016/2017 Aging, Health, Psychological Wellbeing and Health-seeking Behavior Survey involving nationally representative sample of 1200 adults aged 50+ years in Ghana. The study focused on a latent measure of Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10) and on the General Practice Physical Activity Scale (GPPAS). Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression models evaluated the effect of living alone interactively with neighborhood engagement measures on the indicator of mental disorder. Results: The results showed that living alone was independent predictor of psychological distress in the overall sample, among females, urban dwellers and all age groups. However, physical activity and social participation significantly buffered against these associations. In the stratified analysis, physical activity moderated the association for males, rural-dwellers and those 65+ years whilst social participation modified the association for females, urban-dwellers and those 50-64 years. Conclusions: Psychosocial mechanisms strongly attenuate the positive association of living alone with the risk of psychological distress in older age. These findings may inform intervention initiatives targeted at improving mental health of chronically detached and isolated older people.
Preparation of uniformly labelled 13C- and 15N-plants using customised growth chambers
Authors: Ceranic Asja , Doppler Maria , Büschl Christoph , Parich Alexandra , Xu Kangkang , Koutnik Andrea , Bürstmayr Hermann , Lemmens Marc , Schuhmacher Rainer
Published: March 2020

Background Stable isotopically labelled organisms found wide application in life science research including plant physiology, plant stress and defense as well as metabolism related sciences. Therefore, the reproducible production of plant material enriched with stable isotopes such as 13 C and 15 N is of considerable interest. A high degree of enrichment (>96 atom%) with a uniformly distributed isotope (global labelling) is accomplished by a continuous substrate supply during plant growth/cultivation. In the case of plants, 13 C-labelling can be achieved by growth in 13 CO 2(g) atmosphere while global 15 N labelling needs 15 N- containing salts in the watering/nutrient solution. Here, we present a method for the preparation of 13 C and 15 N labelled plants by the use of closed growth chambers and hydroponic nutrient supply. The method is exemplified with durum wheat. Results In total, 330 g of globally 13 C- and 295 g of 15 N labelled T. durum wheat was produced during 87 cultivation days. For this, a total of 3.88 mol of 13 CO 2(g) and 58 mmol of 15 N were consumed. The degree of enrichment was determined by LC-HRMS and ranged between 96-98 atom% for 13 C and 95-99 atom% for 15 N, respectively. Additionally, the isotopically labelled plant extracts were successfully used for metabolome-wide internal standardisation of native T.durum plants. Application of an isotope-assisted LC-HRMS workflow enabled the detection of 652 truly wheat-derived metabolites out of which 143 contain N. Conclusion A reproducible cultivation which makes use of climate chambers and hydroponics was successfully adapted to produce highly enriched, uniformly 13 C- and 15 N-labelled wheat. The obtained plant material is suitable to be used in all kinds of isotope-assisted research. The described technical equipment and protocol can easily be applied to other plants to produce 13 C-enriched biological samples when the necessary specific adaptations e.g. temperature and light regime, as well as nutrient supply are considered. Additionally, the 15 N-labelling method can also be carried out under regular glasshouse conditions without the need for customised atmosphere.
Definition of the perceived self-care ability in stroke survivors living at home in the Middle East : a protocol for a Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Jafari-golestan Nasrin , dalvandi asghar , Hosseini Mohammadali , Fallahi-Khoshknab Masoud , Ebadi Abbas , Rahgozar Mahdi , Sidani Souraya , Keshtkar Abbas
Published: March 2020

Background : A stroke brings about several adverse outcomes so that a stroke patient faces numerous physical, and sensory together with cognitive, and psychological disorders. These disorders influence patients’ perceived self-care ability. There is no agreement on what the perceived self- care ability in stroke patients living at home is. Because of various cultures and medical systems, such an ambiguity may be more serious when it comes to the Middle East countries compared to advanced ones. This Systematic Literature Review aims to summarize the literature on this concept and propose a definition which might help similar research on the stroke in the future.
Methods : The databases PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, PsycINFO, PEDro, Web of Science, ProQuest, ScienceDirect, Index Medicus, EMRO, Google Scholar, Magiran, SID, IranDoc, and the stroke-related literature will individually be queried to retrieve related literature on the perceived self-care ability in stroke patients, using subject headings and appropriate MeSH terms. The inclusion and exclusion criteria will be developed and refined by the research team. Two independent reviewers will participate in each search stage including abstract/title and full-text screening, study selection, data collection, or quality assessment steps. We will restrict our search to articles published in the English language in biomedical journals since 1970 to 2018. The result will be tabuled, and meta-synthesis will be performed.
Discussion: The results of this systematic literature review can present a more accurate definition of perceived self-care ability in stroke patients living at home in Middle East countries.
Systematic review registration: CRD42018100520
Keywords: Perceived Self-care Ability, Stroke, Home, Systematic Literature Review, Definition, Middle East
Development and evaluation of an indirect ELISA for the detection of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae natural infection but not inactivated bacterin vaccination
Authors: Ding Honglei , Wen Yukang , Xu Zuobo , Tlili Chaker , Tian Yaqin , Wang Zhaodi , Ning Yaru , Xin Jiuqing
Published: March 2020

Background: Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae is the primary pathogen of enzootic pneumonia (EP). Vaccination with inactivated bacterin is the most popular and practical measure to control EP. However, these commercial vaccines have a limited effect on the transmission of microorganism and cannot prevent colonization. Therefore, after immunization with inactivated bacterin, M. hyopneumoniae colonized on the respiratory tract and lungs stimulates the humoral immune responses and produce IgG and IgA antibodies. ELISA is a widely used serological method to detect M. hyopneumoniae antibodies. However, commercial IgG ELISA kit cannot distinguish between inactivated bacterin-induced hyperimmune sera and convalescent sera stimulated by natural infection. SIgA ELISA method is laborious for nasal swab collection, and the amount of each swab sample obtained from the nasal cavity is less compared to the serum sample. Establishment of a discriminative ELISA detecting humoral IgG from convalescent sera but not hyperimmune sera facilitates to evaluate the natural infection of M. hyopneumoniae after inactivated bacterin vaccination. Result: We expressed and purified a recombinant protein named Mhp366-N which contains an epitope recognized by the convalescent sera but not hyperimmune sera. The developed discriminative IgG-ELISA could discriminate between inactivated bacterin-induced hyperimmune sera and convalescent sera, and was reproducible, sensitive, and specific to M. hyopneumoniae antibody produced by natural infection. Compared to sIgA-ELISA method, discriminative IgG-ELISA was more convenient to detect IgG antibody from sera than IgA from nasal swabs, although it has limited sensitivity in the early stages of infection. Additionally, to some extent, it has a potential to avoid the interference of maternally derived IgG antibodies. Conclusions: The established discriminative IgG-ELISA was efficient to judge the serological IgG antibodies induced from natural infection or inactivated vaccine stimulation and provided a useful method to investigate and evaluate the live organism infection after the application of inactivated bacterin.
GlideScope® versus C-MAC®(D) videolaryngoscope versus Macintosh laryngoscope for double lumen endotracheal intubation in patients with predicted normal airways: a randomized, controlled, prospective trial
Authors: Huang Ping , Zhou Renlong , Lu Zhixing , Hang Yannan , Wang Shanjuan , Huang Zhenling
Published: March 2020

Background The double lumen endotracheal tube (DLT) is the most widely-used device for single lung ventilation in current thoracic anesthesia practice. In recent years, the routine application of the videolaryngoscope for single lumen endotracheal intubation has increased; nevertheless there are few studies of the use of the videolaryngoscope for DLT. We wondered whether there were benefits to using the videolaryngoscope for DLT placement in patients with predicted normal airways. Therefore, this study was designed to compare the performances of the GlideScope ® , the C-MAC ® (D) videolaryngoscope and the Macintosh laryngoscope in DLT intubation. Methods This was a randomized, controlled, prospective study. We randomly allocated 90 adult patients with predicted normal airways into three groups. All patients underwent routine anesthesia using different laryngoscopes according to group allocation. We compared DLT insertion times, first-pass success rates, numerical rating scales (NRS) of DLT delivery and DLT insertion, Cormack-Lehane degrees (C/L), hemodynamic changes and incidences of intubation complications. All outcomes were analyzed using SPSS13.0. Results Compared with the GlideScope, the Macintosh gave shorter times for DLT insertion (median: 96 (IQR: 51 [min–max: 62–376] s vs 73 (26 [48–419] s, p = 0.003); however, there was no difference between the Macintosh and C-MAC(D) (p = 0.610). The Macintosh had a significantly higher successful first attempt rate than did the GlideScope or C-MAC(D) (p = 0.001, p = 0.028, respectively). NRS of DLT delivery and insertion were significantly lower in the Macintosh than in the others (p <0.001). However, the C/L degree in the Macintosh was significantly higher than in the others (p <0.001). The incidences of oral bleeding, hoarseness, sore throat and dental trauma were low in all groups (p >0.05). There were no significant differences in DLT misplacement, fiberoptic time or hemodynamic changes among the groups. Conclusions Compared with the Macintosh laryngoscope, the GlideScope ® and C-MAC ® (D) videolaryngoscopes may not be recommended as the first choice for routine DLT intubation in patients with predicted normal airways.
Utilization of clinical practice guideline on antimicrobial in China: An exploratory survey on multilevel determinants
Authors: Deng Qingwen , Liu Wenbin
Published: March 2020

Background: Nowadays, irrational use of antimicrobials has threatened public health. It’s necessary to expand the use of clinical practice guideline (CPG) on antimicrobial for facilitating the proper use of antimicrobial. However, the utilization status of CPG on antimicrobial and the influencing factors, especially the ones at the organizational level, remain largely unknown.
Methods: A cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted on a sample among physicians from 16 public hospitals in the eastern, central and western parts of China. A multilevel regression model was employed to examine factors associated with physicians’ utilization of CPG on antimicrobial.
Results: A total of 815 physicians were included in this study. About 80% of the surveyed physicians reported their adherence to the CPG on antimicrobial. Dimensions of “subjective norm”, “perceived risk” and “behavioral intention” from the domain of physician belief, a dimension of “ease of use” from the domain of CPG traits, and dimensions of “top management support” and “organization & implementation” from the domain of hospital practice were significantly associated with physicians’ utilization of CPG on antimicrobial. And except for working department, most demographics characteristics of the physician were not found to be significantly related to the CPG use. In addition, it also showed that region is a significant factor affecting physicians’ CPG use.
Conclusions: This study depicted the current status of CPG on antimicrobial and comprehensively identified its potential determinants not only from the three domains at the individual level, such as physician belief, but also from the location region at the organizational level. The results will provide a direct reference for the implementation of CPG on antimicrobial.
Comparison of the clinical outcomes of percutaneous vertebroplasty vs. kyphoplasty for the treatment of osteoporotic Kümmell’s disease:a prospective cohort study
Authors: Chang Jian-Zhong , Bei Ming-Jian , Shu Dong-Ping , Sun Cheng-Jun , Chen Ji-Bin , Xiao Ya-Ping
Published: March 2020

Background Percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) and percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) are widely used in the treatment of Kümmell's disease. The purpose of this article is to investigate the clinical efficacy of PVP and PKP for Kümmell's disease. Methods The clinical data that 56 cases of Kümmell's disease treated with either PVP (28 cases) or PKP (28 cases) from December 2015 to December 2017 were prospectively analyzed. Gender, age, course of disease, injury segment, bone mineral density (BMD), visual analogue scale (VAS), Oswestry disability index (ODI), imaging measurement indexes before surgery between the two groups showed no significant difference (all P>0.05). The bone cement leakage rate, bone cement injection amount, operation time, VAS, ODI, the rate of vertebral compression, correction rate of kyphosis and refracture rate of adjacent vertebra in 2 years were compared between the two groups to calculate clinical efficacy. Results The two groups were followed up for 24-48 months. There was no significant difference in the follow-up time, amount of bone cement injected, incidence of bone cement leakage and refracture rate of adjacent vertebrae between the two groups (all P> 0.05). The operation time, intraoperative blood loss and fluoroscopy times of the PVP group were significantly lower than those of the PKP group (all P = 0.000). VAS score and ODI of the two groups were significantly lower at 1 day, 1 year and 2 years after surgery than before surgery (all P <0.05), but there was not statistically significant difference between the two groups at each time point after surgery (all P> 0.05). The rate of vertebral compression and kyphosis correction in the two groups were significantly corrected (P <0.05, respectively) and decreased significantly with time (all P <0.05), But there was not significant difference between the two groups at any time point (all P> 0.05). Conclusion Both PVP and PKP can achieve similar effects in the treatment of Kümmell's disease. Because the cost, operation time, blood loss, radiation exposure and surgical procedure of PVP are less than those of PKP, PVP has more clinical priority value.
Unsafe medication administration experience in nursing practice at Public Hospitals of Harari region, eastern Ethiopia: Phenomenological Study.
Authors: Fekadu Gelana , Oljira Amanuel , Geda Biftu , Egata Gudina
Published: March 2020

Background: The unsafe medication administration is one of the most medication related problems which causes harm and death to the patients and threatens the healthcare system. Given medication administration is predominantly the role of nurses. This study was aimed to explore the nurse’s experience of unsafe medication administration at public hospitals in Harari region, eastern Ethiopia. Methods: A phenomenological study design was conducted and the data were collected from 11 nurses from March 1 to March 31, 2019. The tape recorder and note taking was used to collect the data by in-depth interviews and key informant interviews. Open code software version 3.4 was used to write memos, coding and categorizing under their inductive thematic areas. Thematic analysis method were used.Result: The study had explored nurse’s experience and contributing factors for unsafe medication administration. Nurses have reported that they have ever experienced unsafe medication administration like, wrong time, medication, patient and self-stick injury during their practice. i) Organizational factors: inadequate resource, lack of clear policy and job description, lack of supervision and poor collaboration among staffs. The identified themes were, ii) Precondition challenges: expensive medication, frequently changed and too much prescription for a single patient, new medications with limited information. iii) Individual nurses factor: work absenteeism, lack of training and knowledge gap.Conclusion: The organizational culture, precondition challenges and individual nurse’s factors was found to be a major factors linked to unsafe medication administration practice. So tailored intervention is needed to reduce the unsafe medication administration in nursing practice.
Bioprospecting the antimicrobial, antibiofilm and antiproliferative activity of Symplocos racemosa Roxb. Bark phytoconstituents along with their biosafety evaluation and detection of antimicrobial components by GC-MS
Authors: Sood Henna , Kumar Yashwant , Gupta Vipan Kumar , Arora Daljit Singh
Published: March 2020

Background: The increased occurrence of the antibiotic resistance has added up to the misery of mankind. There is an immediate need to search alternatives and Symplocos racemosa is one such potent medicinal plant . The aim of the study was to explore various activities of its phytoconstituents, confirm their biosafety and identify the active components.Methods: The ethylacetate extract and the major group of phytoconstituents were tested for minimal inhibitory concentration, viable cell count studies, Post antibiotic effect, activity against 34 multi-drug resistant microorganisms, anti-biofilm and anti proliferative potential. The biosafety was evaluated by Ames and MTT assay. In vivo safety of flavonoids was determined by acute oral toxicity test using Swiss albino mice. The antimicrobial components in flavonoids were also identified by using TLC and GC-MS analysis.Results: Ethyl acetate was the best organic extractant. The phytochemical analyses revealed the presence of flavonoids, cardiac glycosides, saponins, tannins, triterpenes and Phytosterols. Flavonoids exhibited the highest antimicrobial potential whereas tannins, triterpenes and phytosterols were completely inactive. Their Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ranged from 0.5-10 mg/ml; exhibited a bactericidal mode of action and a prolonged post antibiotic effect. The phytoconstituents displayed a significant antibiofilm potential by inhibiting the initial cell attachment, disrupting the pre-formed biofilms and reducing the metabolic activity of biofilms. The phytoconstituents were significantly active against the drug-resistant strains of E.coli , MRSA and Salmonella spp. Flavonoids showed significant cytotoxic effect against the RD, L20B and Hep2 cell lines (IC 50 361-494 µg/ml). All the test extracts were biosafe as depicted by the Ames test, MTT assay. Also, flavonoids did not induce any abnormality in biochemical parameters and Organs’ histopathology of the Swiss albino mice during the in vivo acute oral toxicity studies. The flavonoids were resolve into 4 bands (S1-S4) using TLC, where S3 was the most active and its GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of Bicyclo [2.2.1]heptan-2-one,1,7,7-trimethyl-, (1S)- at an RT of 11.14 as the major compound.Conclusions: These findings suggest that Symplocos racemosa bark could be a potential source of antimicrobial metabolites, which could substantially contribute to the arsenal of existing natural drugs for combating the antimicrobial resistance.
Moral-uncertainty-distress related to Advance Directives: a qualitative study
Authors: Ribeiro Uiara Raiana Vargas de Castro Oliveira , Swiech Liliane Mayumi , Souza Waldir , Guirro Úrsula Bueno do Prado , Corradi-Perini Carla
Published: March 2020

Background: moral-uncertainty-distress (MUD) is defined as moral distress related to moral conflict about best course of action, impacting the clinical decision making process in morally complex situations. This study aims to correlate physician’s perception about advance directives (AD) with presence or absence of MUD, identifying the impact that AD promotes on clinical decision making.Methods: this is a qualitative, cross-sectional, exploratory study. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews with physicians of a hospital in southern Brazil. Interviews content was submitted to categorization analysis content technique by Laurence Bardin.Results: eight physicians were interviewed. The analysis contend identified two categories: (1) AD as a morally challenging element and (2) recognition of AD as instruments that exercises patient’s autonomy. In the first, paternalistic attitude; insecurities in uncertain prognoses; uncertainty about patient values and motivations to write the document; and little previous knowledge about AD, were elements of MUD for physicians. In second category, autonomy in AD was seen as prima facie principle and as shared autonomy.Conclusion: although AD were comprehended as instruments of exercise of patient’s autonomy by the participants, some elements were morally challenging for them, which can be a source of MUD to physician during decision making process.
Costs analysis of Staged Versus Simultaneous Bilateral Total Knee and Hip Arthroplasty: a university affiliated hospital survey of 1579 Chinese patients
Authors: Hou Ji-Fei , hu Chuan , Zhang Yun , Liu Yan-Zheng , Zhang Chi , Li Jing
Published: March 2020

Background Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and total hip arthroplasty (THA) are required for many patients. No recent studies that concentrate on the costs for each of the payment items both for TKA and THA when comparing simultaneous bilateral procedures with staged arthroplasty. This study aimed to evaluate the medical costs, length of stay(LOS), blood transfusion, and in-hospital complications in patients undergoing simultaneous TKA or THA and staged TKA or THA. Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted by analyzing 1,579 patients from a single institution. All patients who underwent primary bilateral TKA or THA from 2013 to 2018 were divided into three groups: TKA,THA and all patients. Then, we grouping simultaneous bilateral groups and staged bilateral groups in these three groups respectively. Finally, these two sub-groups(simultaneous bilateral groups and staged bilateral groups) were compared between the three groups(TKA, THA, and pooled groups). Results All categories of medical costs, except for materials fees which were higher in the simultaneous bilateral THA and pooled groups but with no statistical significance, were lower in the simultaneous TKA, THA and pooled simultaneous groups. The total average medical costs in simultaneous and staged bilateral TKA groups were $15,535.621and $16,747.192, p <0.001), respectively; THA groups were $15,046.210 and $16,126.808, ( p =0.003), respectively; pooled groups were $16,506.971and $15,467.561, ( p <0.001), respectively. All costs were presented in the United States dollar. The highest and lowest costs were materials fees and nursing care fees. No significant differences were found for five common co-morbidities and postoperative complications between the two sub-groups in three groups. The simultaneous groups had a shorter LOS, a higher incidence of blood transfusion than staged groups whether it is TKA groups or THA or pooled groups. Conclusions These results indicate that simultaneous bilateral TKA and THA with a shorter LOS is more economical than staged bilateral TKA and THA. Counts of complications were not affected by the choice for staged or simultaneous bilateral total arthroplasty. But blood transfusion was more prevalent in the simultaneous groups both for TKA and THA.
Resection outcomes for primary and local recurrent retroperitoneal liposarcoma patients
Authors: Yan Yang , Du Xiaohui , Xia Shaoyou , Li Songyan , Teng Da , Hu Shidong , Wang Yufeng , Li Rong
Published: March 2020

Aim: The clinical characteristics of primary retroperitoneal liposarcoma(PR RPLPS) and local recurrent retroperitoneal liposarcoma(LR RPLPS) cases were compared to determine related factors involved in postoperative survival.Methods: A total of 90 patients who underwent surgery between 2006 and 2013 were included in this study. Clinicopathological data that was prospectively gathered was analyzed to identify factors associated with overall survival and progression-free survival.Results: The PR cases showed a higher complete resection rate when compared to the LR group. The LR group showed a greater number that were poorly differentiated and highly malignant. More blood loss was observed in the LR compared to the PR group. Multivariate analysis suggested that blood loss and tumor grade were prognostic factors for OS and PFS of the PR group, but extent of resection was a prognostic factor only for OS. In the LR group, the extent of resection was a significant prognostic factor associated with OS, whereas tumor grade was associated with PFS.Conclusions: Complete surgical resection is the most important factor for the survival of RPLPS patients. Tumor grade is an independent prognostic factor for PFS. In PR RPLPS, poor tumor classification and increased intraoperative bleeding are associated with a poor prognosis.
Drug repurposing against MERS CoV and SARS-COV-2 PLpro in silico
Authors: Elfiky Abdo , Ibrahim Noha , Elshemey Wael
Published: March 2020

Aim: The Middle East Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) and COVID-19 cause severe acute, deadly, pneumonia. Papain-like protease (PLpro), is HCoV cysteine protease encoded within the Non-Structural protein 3. Materials and Methods: Molecular docking is performed to test the binding performance of six protease inhibitors against MERS CoV and SARS-CoV-2 PLpro. Results: The compound, GRL-0667, shows the highest binding affinity to MERS CoV PLpro, while Grazoprevir shows the highest binding affinity against HCV NS3. Moreover, the interaction pattern in the case of HCV NS3 is the same as in the case of coronaviruses. Conclusion: The present study shows the ability of some anti-SARS CoV and anti-HCV NS3 drugs to inhibit MERS CoV PLpro, interestingly, including the newly emerged SARS-COV-2 PLpro.
Ethno-botanical study of traditional medicinal plants used to treat human and livestock ailments in Raya Alamata District, Northern Ethiopia
Authors: Sime Getachew , Hagos Abadi
Published: March 2020

Background

In Ethiopia, traditional medicine based mainly on medicinal plants, has been used for centuries for the treatment of human and animal health problems. The objective of this study was to document medicinal plants used to treat human and domestic animals ailments as well as the associate indigenous knowledge and conservation methods in Raya Alamata District in Northern Ethiopia.

Methods

Ethno-botanical data were collected through semi-structured interviews, guided field walks, group discussions, field observations, preference ranking, paired comparison and direct matrix. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, informant consensus factor, and various ranking methods.

Results

The results showed 47 medicinal plant species belonging to 44 genera and 31 families. The plants were used to treat 27 human and 8 livestock diseases. Among others, members of Fabaceae were leading in terms of the number of medicinal plant species composition, consisting of 9 species. Of these species, the majority (53.19%) grew naturally in the wild. Herbs took the lead in terms of the number of plants used in the preparation of remedies, constituting 46.81% of the species, followed by shrubs that instituted 27.66%. Leaves were the most commonly used plant part, constituting 41.94% of the total uses, followed by roots, constituting 20.97%. Dermal route of administration was the most commonly used route of administration (43.55%), followed by oral route of administration (38.71%). Direct matrix ranking showed Balanites aegyptiaca L. as the most preferred multipurpose species in the community. Paired ranking indicated that Aloe megalacantha Bak. as the most commonly used medicinal plants for healing external wounds. Agricultural activity for new agricultural lands became seriously threatened medicinal plant resources. Many of the local communities with traditional medicinal knowledge gave priority to the immediate use of medicinal plants than to the sustainable uses. Particularly, the collection method of plants or plant parts for medicinal use is mostly destructive.

Conclusion

local communities heavily depend on traditional medicinal plants and associated knowledge for treating human and livestock ailments. However, medicinal plants and the associated knowledge are eroding mainly due to agricultural expansion, deforestation and land degradation for seeking new agricultural lands and firewood, as well as the unsustainable practices of plant or plant part sampling for medicinal values. Thus, public awareness needs to be raised among local communities and all other stakeholders on sustainable utilization and management of medicinal plant resources and associated knowledge. On the top of that ex-situ and in-situ conservation measures in particular should be taken for the sustainable management of medicinal plants and the indigenous knowledge.
New protocol treatment of pseudo-syndactyly in the Epidermolysis Bullosa hand using the dermal regeneration template glove
Authors: Lembo Fedele , Parisi Domenico , Cecchino Liberato Roberto , Ciancio Francesco , Innocenti Alessandro , Portincasa Aurelio
Published: March 2020

BACKGROUNDː The Epidermolysis Bullosa (EB) is a rare congenital disease associated with blistering skin caused by minimal trauma. Because of its exposed position and its continued use in daily activities, the hand is constantly at risk of microtrauma and is therefore one of the organs most affected by the disease with highly disabling deformities that represents a challenging field in hand surgery practice.METHODSː The Authors present their experience in the microsurgical treatment of pseudosyndactylies comparing the classic dressing with vaseline gauze with our innovative “glove protocol” using a Dermal Regeneration Template. The endpoints analyzed were: healing times, hospital stay time, discomfort for the patient, free-recurrence interval, follow-up range and major complications.RESULTSː A total of 34 procedures were performed on 24 EB patients with hand deformities according to the proposed treatment strategy. We observed reduction of: hospital stay time, complete healing times, discomfort after dressings and average time to free recurrence.CONCLUSIONSː The microsurgical approach followed by our new protocol described in the study has been beneficial in providing consistent and successful long-term results for these patients.