bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Spatio-temporal behaviour of cruise passengers at the destination: a big data approach using mobile location events
Authors: Reif Julian , Gross Sven
Published: October 2024

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to provide a deeper understanding of the spatio-temporal behaviour of cruise passengers at a given destination using the city of Hamburg as a use case.

Design/methodology/approach

Big data in the form of passive location events from smartphones were analysed to determine the spatio-temporal behaviour of cruise tourists. The data were filtered using a definition created specifically for determining the signals of cruise passengers and were analysed using spatial statistics and network analysis methods.

Findings

In Hamburg, cruise passengers have a relatively small area of activity that is concentrated in the city's core tourist area. Foreign cruise passengers are less spatially concentrated than German passengers. Foreign passengers generate most of their visits at the airport and in the city's shopping areas, while German passengers are most frequently seen at the railway station and at the city's maritime experience locations.

Originality/value

Although numerous publications have examined the spatio-temporal behaviour of cruise passengers at the destination, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, no studies have used big data sources for this purpose. This paper uses passive location events from smartphones to determine the routes taken by cruise tourists in Hamburg, shows the strengths and weaknesses of this data source and suggests how cruise tourists can be defined from the data.
Quantifying drivers of virtual reality acceptance in tourism planning using a grey system theory-based approach
Authors: Javanmardi Sadaf , Javanmardi Ehsan , Bucci Alessandra
Published: October 2024

Purpose

This study examines the role of Virtual Reality (VR) in tourism marketing, analyzing its psychological effects, demographic differences and factors influencing adoption. It seeks to identify and measure the main drivers and obstacles to VR acceptance, improving predictions of adoption trends in tourism planning and experiences across various demographics.

Design/methodology/approach

This study employs a quantitative method, blending statistical analysis with Grey System Theory. It analyzes data from VR-experienced participants using ANOVA, regression models and dynamic grey relational analysis to produce actionable insights. Data were collected from July to September 2023 from participants experienced with VR in tourism.

Findings

User engagement, positive word-of-mouth and a desire for immersive experiences drive VR acceptance, especially among frequent travelers and tech enthusiasts. While VR can enhance trip enjoyment, its long-term impact varies. To increase VR adoption in tourism, strategies include targeting frequent travelers and online users, creating accessible and engaging content, leveraging positive feedback and partnering with influencers to develop interactive VR experiences that mitigate travel planning uncertainties and attract specific user groups.

Practical implications

The study demonstrates how VR can expand access to tourism for those unable to travel, enhance engagement and streamline planning. By leveraging VR in marketing, providers can create immersive, targeted content, reduce uncertainties, attract tech-savvy travelers and boost appeal through influencer partnerships.

Originality/value

This study pioneers the integration of Grey System Theory with traditional statistical methods to elucidate the dynamics of VR adoption in tourism. By uniquely combining ANOVA, regression models and dynamic grey relational analysis, it offers a precise model to interpret complex data, highlighting the nuanced effects of demographic factors on technology acceptance. This approach not only advances the analytical frameworks in tourism marketing but also provides critical insights into the demographic and psychological drivers of VR adoption.
Preservation of cultural heritage, digital technology and cyberspaces: women’s active involvement, opportunity and empowerment
Authors: Rachman Yeni Budi
Published: October 2024

Purpose

This paper aims to highlight the involvement and empowerment of women in cultural heritage preservation, in particular their use of digital technology applications and online platforms.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper reviews the relevant literature and discusses specific examples of women using digital technology and cyberspaces for cultural heritage preservation.

Findings

Cyberspaces and digital technology present opportunities for women to be actively involved and empowered in cultural heritage preservation. Examples of this involvement are digitization activities and projects, using digital spaces to discuss issues related to cultural heritage preservation, and transmitting information related to cultural heritage preservation via online platforms and channels. But digital skills and competency training are needed to strengthen and support women’s active involvement in the cyberspace arena, and governments and other stakeholders such as academic or public libraries could collaborate to implement this training.

Originality/value

Although there are several studies that discuss women’s roles in cultural heritage preservation, the literature review revealed that few studies focus on the empowerment and participation of women in the use of digital technology and cyberspace in preserving cultural heritage. By discussing specific examples, this paper adds to the literature and supports the active involvement of women in participating in cultural heritage preservation, especially in the context of digital technology applications and cyberspaces. Leveraging digital technologies to help preserve intangible cultural heritage that has been passed down from generation to generation at the family level is also recommended.
Arup Group Limited: putting trust in the trust
Authors: Vanaise Catherine , Edwards Gwyneth
Published: October 2024

Research methodology

The data set used to write this case was collected from 83 public sources, including company communications, company journals and reports and the company website, along with newspaper articles, industry reports, scientific articles and case studies. The data set was used to analyse both the industry and firm in which Arup operated to draw conclusions about the firm’s strategy and competitive advantage, specifically, as it relates to trust and knowledge management.

Case overview/synopsis

Alan Belfield, an employee of Arup Group Limited for 29 years, and the company’s chairman since 2019, had witnessed significant growth since he first joined the firm. Operating globally, Arup had a proud past; since 1946, the company had served 6,931 clients across 143 countries, leading to its important contribution to many world-renowned landmarks within the built environment. From 2018 to 2020, revenue at the global multiservice engineering company had grown almost £250m [1] to £1.809bn.

Over the past few years and as 2021 came to an end, the global engineering services industry had experienced a flood of mergers and acquisitions, as the industry grew towards maturity and clients looked for full-service solutions. Arup’s strategy had proven successful in the past, evidenced by its capacity to grow revenues and partake in the design of well-known structures and buildings. However, with the trend towards consolidation, as Arup headed into 2022, how could the firm retain its position as one of the global leaders in the industry over time?

Complexity academic level

The case can be used in business courses on global strategic management at the bachelor and master levels, as it applies key strategic management concepts within a global context. The case focuses primarily on the transnational corporation (Bartlett and Ghoshal, 2002) and how it creates value through strategy and structure. Instructors who wish to integrate the human resource management aspect into the course are provided with optional material, including an additional reading, along with an assignment question and associated analysis and teaching guidance.
Relationship between septic acute kidney injury and adiponectin: A retrospective study in patients undergoing continuous plasma exchange with dialysis
Authors: Yoshida Kenji , Nakae Hajime , Satoh Kasumi , Suzuki Yuya , Hirasawa Nobufumi , Kameyama Komei , Okuyama Manabu
Published: October 2024

Introduction

Adiponectin (APN) is a multimeric protein with anti‐inflammatory properties that is specifically secreted by adipocytes. Continuous plasma exchange with dialysis (cPED) is a blood purification therapy in which plasma exchange is performed using a selective membrane plasma separator while the dialysate flows outside the hollow fibers.

Methods

Patients with sepsis were divided into two groups based on the presence or absence of acute kidney injury (AKI) complications: AKI and non‐AKI group.

Results

Plasma APN levels significantly increased after cPED in both groups. The creatinine levels in the AKI group before cPED were significantly higher than those in the non‐ AKI group. The plasma APN levels in the AKI group before cPED were significantly higher than those in the non‐AKI group.

Conclusion

cPED increased APN levels in both patients with and without AKI. Therefore, cPED therapy may be a promising intervention for increasing APN levels in patients with sepsis.
A LiDAR‐driven pruning algorithm to delineate canopy drainage areas of stemflow and throughfall drip points
Authors: Wischmeyer Collin , Swanson Travis E. , Mueller Kevin E. , Lewis Nicholas R. , Bastock Jillian , Van Stan John T.
Published: October 2024

Precipitation channelled down tree stems (stemflow) or into drip points of ‘throughfall’ beneath trees results in spatially concentrated inputs of water and chemicals to the ground. Currently, these flows are poorly characterised due to uncertainties about which branches redirect rainfall to stemflow or throughfall drip points.

We introduce a graph theoretic algorithm that ‘prunes’ quantitative structural models of trees (derived from terrestrial LiDAR) to identify branches contributing to stemflow and those contributing to throughfall drip points. To demonstrate the method's utility, we analysed two trees with similar canopy sizes but contrasting canopy architecture and rainfall partitioning behaviours.

For both trees, the branch ‘watershed’ area contributing to stemflow (under conditions assumed to represent moderate precipitation intensity) was found to be only half of the total ground area covered by the canopy. The study also revealed significant variations between trees in the number and median contribution areas of modelled throughfall drip points (69 vs. 94 drip points tree−1, with contributing projected areas of 28.6 vs. 7.8 m2 tree−1, respectively). Branch diameter, surface area, volumes and woody area index of components contributing to stemflow and throughfall drip points may play a role in the trees' differing rainfall partitioning behaviours.

Our pruning algorithm, enabled by the proliferation of LiDAR observations of canopy structure, promises to enhance studies of canopy hydrology. It offers a novel approach to refine our understanding of how trees interact with rainfall, thereby broadening the utility of existing LiDAR data in environmental research.
Range Extension and Behavioural Observations of the Flat‐Headed Cusimanse (Crossarchus platycephalus) in Gabon
Authors: McQuade Johanna , Nguelet Fred Loïque Midonga , Lilian Brice Mangama Koumba , Abernethy Katharine A. , Cusack Jeremy J. , Do Linh San Emmanuel , Lehmann David , Midoko Iponga Donald , Trouvé Charles , Whytock Robin C. , Akomo‐Okoue Etienne‐Francois
Published: October 2024

The present work reports on new records of the flat‐headed or Cameroon cusimanse (Crossarchus platycephalus) obtained from camera trap surveys carried out between 2021 and 2023 in central and northwestern Gabon. These records—in the form of high‐definition videos—extend the southern limit of the species' known range by 172 km, as well as provide additional evidence of group living and co‐occurrence with the blue duiker (Philantomba monticola) and moustached guenon (Cercopithecus cephus). These findings suggest that C. platycephalus may be more widespread than previously thought in Gabon, and that a review of existing camera trap datasets could help determine its precise distribution and habitat requirements.
Tech wars: Distributional consequences of global tech rivalry
Authors: Tyers Rod , Zhou Yixiao
Published: October 2024

International competition over sophisticated tech is a modern feature of great power rivalry. Yet the automation delivered by this tech is a key source of rising inequality. While policy motivations stem primarily from great power political and defense competition, the automation has consequences for wider economic performance. We examine global economic consequences, using a six‐region global macro model with multiple households, under Rawlsian, Benthamite, capital friendly, or GDP maximizing policy criteria. Tech drives are shown to deliver higher capital returns and more growth, and therefore to represent dominant strategies under all but a Rawlsian criterion, despite their exacerbation of inequality and low‐skilled poverty. We then consider Gini‐reducing fiscal interventions. These are shown to have few international spill‐over effects and to be domestically attractive only under the Rawlsian criterion.
Ethical Leadership as a Driver of Supervisor Technical and Social Effectiveness: A Triple Helix for Cultivating Employees' Sense of Purpose
Authors: Al Halbusi Hussam , Ruiz‐Palomino Pablo , Linuesa‐Langreo Jorge , Scalzo Germán
Published: October 2024

A sense of purpose is generated when individuals perceive an authentic connection between their work and a broader transcendent life purpose beyond the self. Academics have shown significant positive effects of this driving force in life for employees and organizations, and thus the literature demands studies that analyze its antecedents, i.e., the potential factors that shape an individual's sense of purpose in life. Following an Aristotelian approach to virtue ethics in business, we analyze (1) whether ethical leadership enhances the technical and social effectiveness of supervisors, and (2) whether this moral asset of leaders enhances employee sense of purpose, either directly or by interacting with their technical and social effectiveness‐related dimensions. Using data from 395 employees in the Iraqi insurance and health care industry, structural equation modeling analysis revealed that, as expected, the ethical dimension of supervisors can influence employees' sense of purpose, both directly and by improving their technical and social effectiveness as leaders. Our findings thus encourage managers to practice ethical leadership to become more effective in leadership and in encouraging employees to have a sense of purpose in what they do.
Associations between multimorbidity patterns and sarcopenia transitions in Chinese older adults
Authors: He Lingxiao , Lin Shujing , Yang Jinzhu , Fang Ya
Published: October 2024

Aim

Previous studies have shown that chronic diseases are strongly linked to the development of sarcopenia. Few studies have assessed the relationship between multimorbidity patterns and sarcopenia. This study aimed to investigate the impact of multimorbidity patterns on sarcopenia transitions in Chinese older adults.

Methods

A total of 3842 older adults (aged 66.7 ± 6.2 years) with complete data at baseline and at least one follow‐up record (2 years) were included from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. Multimorbidity patterns were identified using latent class analysis. Sarcopenia was determined by the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019 criteria. Multistage Markov modeling was used to explore the association of multimorbidity patterns with sarcopenia transitions after controlling for covariates in demographic features, health status and health‐related behaviours.

Results

Four multimorbidity patterns were identified at baseline: respiratory (17.73%), osteoarthritis‐hypertension (22.23%), digestive‐osteoarthritis (26.78) and cardiometabolic (33.27%). Participants with non‐sarcopenia had 1‐year transition probability of developing possible sarcopenia (10.1%) or sarcopenia (5.4%). Compared with the group without chronic diseases, the presence of cardiometabolic pattern increased the risk of progression from non‐sarcopenia to possible sarcopenia (HR 1.43, 95% CI 1.05–2.95). The presence of the osteoarthritis‐hypertension pattern (HR 1.55, 95% CI 1.00–2.41) and the digestive‐osteoarthritis pattern (HR 1.78, 95% CI 1.20–2.66) were associated with the transition toward sarcopenia from non‐sarcopenia.

Conclusions

Sarcopenia is a dynamic condition in older adults. To address sarcopenia in older adults, tailored interventions should be targeted at populations with different multimorbidity patterns. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24: 1137–1143.
Are We Truly Different in Personal Values and Compulsive Buying Proclivity? Cross‐Cultural Contrasts Between the United States and East‐Central Europe
Authors: Tarka Piotr , Harnish Richard J. , Babaev Jasurbek
Published: October 2024

The current study explores the intersection of personal values theory, consumer culture, and compulsive buying behavior theories. By examining the importance of different values types, we aim to understand the extent to which specific values influence individuals' tendency to either embrace or resist maladaptive behaviors like compulsive buying. This study postulated that one's values can both contribute to the development of compulsive buying tendencies and act as a protective factor. Importantly, we explored this values‐compulsive relationship within the contrasting consumer cultures of the United States characterized by individualism, and Poland, which predominantly exhibits collectivistic trends. In this work, we utilized two distinct samples/studies of American (n = 367) and Polish (n = 370) consumers and employed two key measurement tools: the Portrait Values Questionnaire and the Richmond Compulsive Buying Scale. The research findings revealed that values such as self‐direction, stimulation, hedonism, power, and achievement tend to promote compulsive buying tendencies irrespective of the cultural context. However, the prevalence of compulsive buying is more pronounced among American consumers compared to their Polish counterparts. Furthermore, the impact of hedonism and achievement on compulsive buying was twice as large in the United States as it was in Poland. On the other hand, values such as tradition, security, conformity, benevolence, and universalism appeared to help individuals in preventing or mitigating compulsive buying behavior. This study underscores the critical role of personal values, cultural variations, and their impact on compulsive buying tendencies among consumers. It highlights the presence of specific personal values that can either inhibit or facilitate the development of compulsive buying behaviors.
The evolving role of mast cells in wound healing: insights from recent research and diverse models
Authors: Guth Colin , Limjunyawong Nathachit , Pundir Priyanka
Published: October 2024

Chronic wounds significantly burden health care systems worldwide, requiring novel strategies to ease their impact. Many physiological processes underlying wound healing are well studied but the role of mast cells remains controversial. Mast cells are innate immune cells and play an essential role in barrier function by inducing inflammation to defend the host against chemical irritants and infections, among others. Many mast cell–derived mediators have proposed roles in wound healing; however, in vivo evidence using mouse models has produced conflicting results. Recently, studies involving more complex wound models such as infected wounds, diabetic wounds and wounds healing under psychological stress suggest that mast cells play critical roles in these processes. This review briefly summarizes the existing literature regarding mast cells in normal wounds and the potential reasons for the contradictory results. Focus will be placed on examining more recent work emerging in the last 5 years that explores mast cells in more complex systems of wound healing, including infection, psychological stress and diabetes, with a discussion of how these discoveries may inspire future work in the field.
Economic and environmental impacts of the shifts to electromobility in Spain: A multiregional input–output framework
Authors: Bravo Y. , Duarte R. , Sarasa C.
Published: October 2024

The decarbonization of transport is a key goal facing climate change. The electrification of the powertrain for passenger cars is part of this goal to reduce carbon emissions. This involves a big change in the global supply chain, specifically in countries with a high weight of the traditional automotive sector, such as Spain, where above 10% of the GDP comes from this industry. There is a forecasted shift from the sector of traditional automotive parts to the electric sector, where batteries and electric components will be the major part of the powertrain. This work evaluates socioeconomic and environmental impacts of the changes in the car industry from the ramp‐up of the electric vehicles market in Spain, and also in the European Union and the rest of the world. To do it, we use an environmentally extended multiregional and multi‐sectoral input–output model. Our simulations include the technological change and demand shifts estimated to achieve the penetration of electric vehicles up to 2030 and 2050. The results show significant impacts on employment and economic indicators by 2050, when the share of electric vehicles is expected to increase up to a relevant level.
Human gingival fibroblast response on zirconia and titanium implant abutment: A systematic review
Authors: Rattanapitak Ratanatip , Thong‐ngarm Weeranuch
Published: October 2024

Purpose

The peri‐implant region, where restoration interfaces with mucosal tissue, plays an essential role in overall implant success and is just as important as osseointegration. The implant abutment materials are in intimate contact with human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs). This study compares the proliferation of HGFs between zirconia and titanium abutments used in dental implants.

Methods

An electronic search was performed using PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases. English articles based on in vitro studies testing HGFs proliferation on zirconia and titanium implant abutment materials were included. A quality assessment of the selected study was performed using the web‐based Science in Risk Assessment and Policy (SciRAP) tool. The HGFs proliferation and cellular morphology tests on zirconia and titanium materials from the included studies were summarized, exploring the role of material surface characteristics.

Results

The electronic search yielded 401 studies, of which 17 were selected for inclusion. Zirconia exhibited comparable or superior efficacy in promoting the proliferation of HGFs compared to titanium. Observations on cellular morphology showed similar outcomes for both materials. Establishing a definitive relationship between contact angle, surface roughness, and their influence on cellular response remains challenging due to the varied methodological approaches in the reviewed studies.

Conclusion

Based on the findings of this systematic review, zirconia shows comparable reliability to titanium as an abutment material for HGFs proliferation, with comparable or superior HGFs proliferative outcomes.
Phytopathogenic Fungi and Their Active Metabolites With Bioherbicidal Potential Against the Invasive Alligator Weed, Alternanthera philoxeroides
Authors: Basak Payel , Dutta Wri , Basu Jashaswi , Ghosh Mayukh , Chakraborty Anwesha , Ray Puja
Published: October 2024

Alligator weed (Alternanthera philoxeroides), originally from South America, is a notorious semi‐aquatic invasive species in many countries, including India. Due to its amphibious nature, it not only damages the aquatic environment but is also detrimental to the terrestrial ecosystem. To seek an environmentally sound control option for alligator weed, this study focused on selecting an appropriate mycoherbicidal agent. A series of steps from field survey‐based collection, isolation and selection of promising fungal strains, followed by host range determination to biocontrol potential studies against the weed were undertaken. Twenty‐three phytopathogenic fungi were isolated, and among these, the fungi with the highest herbicidal activity (> 90% disease severity) were subjected to morphological and molecular characterisation and identified as Alternaria alternantherae (= Nimbya alternanthera). The fungus and its crude metabolites were tested against 76 plant species, showing a relatively narrow host range. This fungal species is being reported from West Bengal, India, for the first time. Although the fungus has been considered as a potential biocontrol tool against alligator weed in countries such as Australia, Brazil and China, long‐term, detailed research for A. alternantherae and its active metabolites to be developed as bioherbicides against alligator weed remains indispensable.
Dietary questions in caries risk assessment and their relationship to caries
Authors: Delaney Casey , Warren John , Rysavy Oscar A. , Marshall Teresa
Published: October 2024

Objective

This retrospective chart review evaluated the relationship between specific dietary questions used in caries risk assessment and planned restorative treatment among patients attending a dental school's clinic.

Methods

Records for 6,218 adult patients attending the University of Iowa College of Dentistry who completed caries risk assessments and comprehensive oral examinations during 2018–2019 were included. The number of planned caries restorative treatments were compared between groups based on responses to specific dietary questions on the caries risk assessment. Analyses included chi‐square and Wilcoxon rank‐sum tests and logistic regression for factors associated with caries treatments.

Results

About 20% of subjects needed caries treatment, and regression analyses found that younger age, having unstructured meals, drinking sugared beverages daily, and drinking them for more than 30 min were significantly (p < 0.01) associated with having caries.

Conclusions

Specific and focused questions on dietary practices are strongly associated with caries, and may be useful in improving caries risk assessments.
Moral agency under oppression
Authors: Hirji Sukaina
Published: October 2024

In Huckleberry Finn, a thirteen‐year old white boy in antebellum Missouri escapes from his abusive father and befriends a runaway slave named Jim. On a familiar reading of the novel, both Huck and Jim are, in their own ways, morally impressive, transcending the unjust circumstances in which they find themselves in to treat each other as equals. Huck saves Jim's life from two men looking for runaway slaves, and later Jim risks his chance at freedom to save Huck's friend Tom. I want to complicate the idea that Huck and Jim are morally commendable for what they do. More generally, I want to explore how oppression undermines the moral agency of the oppressed, and to some degree, the oppressor. In §1 I take a careful look at Jim's choice, arguing that his enslavement compromises his moral agency. In §2 I show how Jim's oppression also shapes the extent to which Huck can be praiseworthy for his action. In §3, I consider the consequences for thinking about the moral agency of the oppressed, and in §4 I explore the limitations of the concept of moral worth for theorizing in cases of oppression.
Limit of geometric quantizations on Kähler manifolds with T‐symmetry
Authors: Leung Naichung Conan , Wang Dan
Published: October 2024

A compact Kähler manifold with ‐symmetry admits a natural mixed polarization whose real directions come from the ‐action. In Leung and Wang [Adv. Math. 450 (2024), 109756], we constructed a one‐parameter family of Kähler structures ’s with the same underlying Kähler form and , such that (i) there is a ‐equivariant biholomorphism between and and (ii) Kähler polarizations ’s corresponding to ’s converge to as goes to infinity. In this paper, we study the quantum analog of above results. Assume that is a prequantum line bundle on . Let and be quantum spaces defined using polarizations and , respectively. In particular, . They are both representations of . We show that (i) there is a ‐equivariant isomorphism between and and (ii) for regular ‐weight , corresponding ‐weight spaces ’s converge to as goes to infinity.
Adverse events after colonoscopy in a randomised colorectal cancer screening trial
Authors: Rognstad Øyvind Bakken , Botteri Edoardo , Hoff Geir , Bretthauer Michael , Gulichsen Elisabeth , Frigstad Svein Oskar , Holme Øyvind , Randel Kristin Ranheim
Published: October 2024

Objective

Colonoscopy-related adverse events increase the burden of colorectal cancer (CRC) screening. This cross-sectional study evaluates adverse events during and after colonoscopy in a large, randomised CRC screening trial in Norway comparing sigmoidoscopy to immunochemical testing for faecal blood.

Methods

We included all individuals who underwent colonoscopy at two screening centres between 2012 and 2020. From medical records, we retrieved data on adverse events during and within 30 days after colonoscopy and classified them according to the American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy lexicon for endoscopic adverse events. Multivariable logistic regression models were fitted to identify risk factors for adverse events.

Results

Of the 10 244 included individuals, 242 (2.4%) had at least one adverse event that was possibly, probably, or definitively related to the colonoscopy. 188 (1.8%) had mild adverse events, 50 (0.49%) had moderate, 3 (0.03%) had severe, and 1 had a fatal adverse event. The most frequent adverse events were lower gastrointestinal bleeding (0.86%), abdominal pain (0.48%), vasovagal reaction (0.39%), postpolypectomy syndrome (0.20%), and perforation (0.08%). 23 (0.22%) individuals had non-gastrointestinal adverse events. Risk factors associated with adverse events were older age, female sex, screening centre, anticoagulant therapy, number of polypectomies, size of lesion removed, presence of proximal lesion, and adenocarcinoma. Adverse event rates per endoscopist ranged from 0% to 4.9%.

Conclusion

Adverse events after colonoscopy of screening positives occurred in about 2 out of 100 procedures. Three-quarters of events were mild. Awareness of risk factors may help endoscopists to mitigate the risk.

Trial registration number

NCT01538550.
What factors are associated with children being taken into care by the state after initial contact with services? A survival analysis of Children’s Social Care data in Liverpool
Authors: McHale Philip , Filipe Luís , Hodgson Sarah , Bennett Davara , Barr Benjamin
Published: October 2024

Background

Increasing numbers of children in the UK are being taken into care, with adverse consequences for children and unsustainable costs for local government. It is crucial that local authorities better understand which children are most at risk to target preventative interventions.

Objectives

To identify predictors of children becoming ‘looked after’ (taken into care by the state) among children known to a local authority.

Methods

Secondary analysis of routinely collected Children’s Social Care data including all children who first became known to social care in Liverpool between April 2019 and March 2022, (excluding unaccompanied asylum seeker children). Outcome was time (in months) between first contact with social care and either becoming looked after or reaching the censoring date (March 2022). Survival analysis was undertaken using a discrete time hazard model.

Results

5808 children under 19 became known to Children’s Social Care during the study, 377 of whom subsequently became looked after. Black and Asian children were more likely to become looked after, as were those known to social care services pre-birth or in the first year. Key risk factors that increased hazard of becoming looked after were neglect, sexual abuse, emotional abuse, drug and/or alcohol use in the household or the child and mental ill health in the household. Children who had a Child in Need intervention were less likely to become looked after. Children who had a Child Protection Plan were more likely to become looked after.

Conclusion

In our study of routinely collected Children’s Social Care data, we have identified the key factors that increased the hazard of a child becoming looked after. These findings highlight potential areas for service change and can be used to inform risk prediction and preventative action, however, the local context may influence the generalisability of our findings to other settings.
At the border of peri-Gondwana and Baltica: the structure of the eastern termination of the Variscan belt
Authors: Mazur Stanisław , Schulmann Karel
Published: October 2024

The termination of the eastern Variscan belt has long been a matter of debate because it is deeply concealed beneath younger sediments. Its geometry has been addressed by the two competing hypotheses of the Variscan orocline and right-lateral strike-slip tectonics. We compiled a set of new gravity and magnetic maps for the Czech Republic, Poland and eastern Germany to track Variscan structures in the subsurface. These maps clearly show that the Rheno-Hercynian Suture turns by almost 90° east of the Harz Mountains in Germany and continues into Poland towards the ESE. Our results therefore favour the concept of a semi-orocline that terminates in the east against the Brunovistulian Block. The pattern of magnetic and gravity anomalies, combined with geological evidence, indicates two superimposed stages of accretion in the eastern Variscan belt. The initial west–east convergence led to the formation of the NNE–SSW-trending structures that dominate the southern Bohemian Massif. These structures were overprinted by an important north–south-shortening event that shaped the WNW–ESE-oriented features. The latter run parallel to the Baltica margin and dominate the area NE of the Elbe Fault. This is consistent with seismic data showing large-scale underthrusting of the Baltica crust beneath the Variscan belt over a distance of at least 100 km.
SIGecom Job Market Candidate Profiles 2024
Authors: Gkatzelis Vasilis , Hartline Jason
Published: October 2024

This is the ninth annual collection of profiles of the junior faculty job market candidates of the SIGecom community. The twenty seven candidates for 2024 are listed alphabetically and indexed by research areas that define the interests of the community. The candidates can be contacted individually, or collectively via the moderated mailing list ecom-candidates2024@acm.org.

Shortly before publishing these candidate profiles, we received the shocking news that one of the candidates from this collection, Orestis Papadigenopoulos, unexpectedly passed away. Apart from a great researcher, Orestis was a very kind, pleasant, and fun person and will be sorely missed. His profile remains in this collection in his memory, despite his untimely passing.
Decision Theory, Subjective Uncertainty, and Computer Science
Authors: Lanzani Giacomo
Published: October 2024

I argue that further integration between Decision Theory and the methods of quantifying complexity and evaluating performance in Computer Science is valuable. I review [Lanzani 2024] as an illustration of this combination.
Enhancing Data Integrity with Efficient Retention-Refilling Programming Schemes
Authors: Chiang Kun-Chi , Li Yung-Chun , Wang Wei-Chen , Shih Wei-Kuan , Ho Chien-Chung
Published: October 2024

The retention error has become one of the most challenging reliability issues of flash memory due to the shrinking of the technology nodes. To enhance data integrity by resolving the retention error issues for 3D MLC flash memory devices (e.g., SSDs and SD cards), many excellent works that exploited in-place reprogramming and data refreshing concepts have been proposed in recent years. However, these approaches could result in additional issues, such as programming disturbance and performance overhead (e.g., unavoidable data refreshing and a larger amount of program and verify shots). This work is motivated by the need to explore a low-cost solution to resolve retention error issues without incurring negative impacts caused by conventional refresh-based and in-place reprogramming approaches. As a result, this work exploits the characteristics of the cell's

V
t

distribution and proposes the novel concept of "retention-refilling" to enhance data integrity. With such an idea, a retention-refillable programming scheme is proposed to improve flash reliability and mitigate performance overheads by trading data refreshing with retention-refilling. The capability of the proposed scheme is evaluated by a series of experiments, for which we have very encouraging results.
Figure S8 from Antiangiogenic Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors have Differential Efficacy in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma in Bone
Authors: Maksimovic Stefan , Boscolo Nina C. , La Posta Ludovica , Barrios Sergio , Moussa Mohammad Jad , Gentile Emanuela , Pesquera Pedro I. , Li Wenjiao , Chen Jianfeng , Gomez Javier A. , Basi Akshay , Burks Jared K. , Alvarez-Breckenridge Christopher , Gao Jianjun , Campbell Matthew T. , Dondossola Eleonora
Published: October 2024

Analysis of CD8+ cell infiltration at baseline in bone tumors and description of COMET analysis. A) Representative images captured by confocal microscope of CD8+ cell infiltration in bone tumors and quantification of CD8+ cell number; tumor (green, GFP), CD8+ cells (yellow), blood vessels (laminin, red), nuclei (blue, DAPI); dashed line, tumor edge; mean + SEM, n=3/group; dotted lines. B) Spatial definition of tumor edge; dashed line, tumor edge; dotted lines were draw at + 25 µm of distance from the tumor edge, that represents the tumor interface. C) A quantification of the % of CD8+ cells is shown, mean + SEM, n=3/group. D) Visual representation of experimental design (referred to Figure 4.). E, F) Representative images captured by confocal microscope of the distance (dotted line) between CD8+ cells (yellow) and the closest blood vessel (red, laminin) with quantification, mean + SEM, n=25-75/group. (F). G) Representation of step-by-step process of analysis of the immune infiltrate including tissue segmentation in VisioPharm. P values by one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s HSD post hoc test; p < 0.05 = *. Bar, 25 µm.Veh- vehicle; Axi- axitinib; Cabo- cabozantinib; Lenv- lenvatinib. Lam-laminin; Inner reg-inner region.
Figure S7 from Antiangiogenic Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors have Differential Efficacy in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma in Bone
Authors: Maksimovic Stefan , Boscolo Nina C. , La Posta Ludovica , Barrios Sergio , Moussa Mohammad Jad , Gentile Emanuela , Pesquera Pedro I. , Li Wenjiao , Chen Jianfeng , Gomez Javier A. , Basi Akshay , Burks Jared K. , Alvarez-Breckenridge Christopher , Gao Jianjun , Campbell Matthew T. , Dondossola Eleonora
Published: October 2024

Effects of TKIs on bone tumors in UM-RC-3 model. A) Visual representation of the experimental approach. B, C) Neo-angiogenesis in tibiae (B) and quantification (C) of area occupied by blood vessels in tumors; representative images obtained by confocal microscope, blue, DAPI; green, GFP; yellow, endomucin; red, laminin; dotted line, tumor edge; mean + SEM, n=4/group. P values by one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s HSD post hoc test; p < 0.05 = *, p < 0.01 = **. Bar, 100 µm. Endo/Endom-endomucin; Lam-laminin; BV-blood vessels; V-vehicle, A-axitinib, C-cabozantinib, L-lenvatinib.
Figure S6 from Antiangiogenic Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors have Differential Efficacy in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma in Bone
Authors: Maksimovic Stefan , Boscolo Nina C. , La Posta Ludovica , Barrios Sergio , Moussa Mohammad Jad , Gentile Emanuela , Pesquera Pedro I. , Li Wenjiao , Chen Jianfeng , Gomez Javier A. , Basi Akshay , Burks Jared K. , Alvarez-Breckenridge Christopher , Gao Jianjun , Campbell Matthew T. , Dondossola Eleonora
Published: October 2024

Blood vessel distance analysis in bone tumors. (1) Representative images of bone (VHL- RENCA) tumors captured by confocal microscope; tumor cells (green, GFP); blood vessels (yellow, endomucin; red, laminin), nuclei (blue, DAPI); (2) single endomucin channel and examples of measures (yellow bar lines) of blood vessel distance calculated in Fig. 3 D, F; dotted line, the area of tumor. Endo-endomucin; Lam-laminin.
Figure S10 from Antiangiogenic Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors have Differential Efficacy in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma in Bone
Authors: Maksimovic Stefan , Boscolo Nina C. , La Posta Ludovica , Barrios Sergio , Moussa Mohammad Jad , Gentile Emanuela , Pesquera Pedro I. , Li Wenjiao , Chen Jianfeng , Gomez Javier A. , Basi Akshay , Burks Jared K. , Alvarez-Breckenridge Christopher , Gao Jianjun , Campbell Matthew T. , Dondossola Eleonora
Published: October 2024

TKIs’ effect on blood vessels and immune infiltrate in LVRCC67 model. A) Representative images of LVRCC67 bone tumors captured by confocal microscope; tumor cells (green, PAX8), of CD8+ cells (yellow), blood vessels (CD31, red); nuclei (blue, DAPI); dotted line, tumor edge; B) Quantification of blood vessel area, number of CD8+ cells over tumor area and CD8+ cell distribution, mean + SEM, n=3/group. P values by one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s HSD post hoc test; p < 0.01 = **. Bar, 100 µm. BV-blood vessels; V-vehicle, A-axitinib, C-cabozantinib, L-lenvatinib; Inner reg-inner region.
Figure 3 from Antiangiogenic Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors have Differential Efficacy in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma in Bone
Authors: Maksimovic Stefan , Boscolo Nina C. , La Posta Ludovica , Barrios Sergio , Moussa Mohammad Jad , Gentile Emanuela , Pesquera Pedro I. , Li Wenjiao , Chen Jianfeng , Gomez Javier A. , Basi Akshay , Burks Jared K. , Alvarez-Breckenridge Christopher , Gao Jianjun , Campbell Matthew T. , Dondossola Eleonora
Published: October 2024

In vitro and in vivo effects of TKIs on blood vessels. A, Dose–response curve of axitinib, cabozantinib, and lenvatinib treatment of HUVECs, mean ± SD, n = 4. B, Schematic representation of the experimental approach. C and D, Impact of TKIs on vascularization of RENCA VHL− tumors in bone evaluated by IF analysis; representative images acquired by confocal microscopy (green, GFP; blue, DAPI; yellow, endomucin; red, laminin; C) and quantification are shown (D); dotted line, tumor area; mean ± SEM, n = 4–10/group; bar, 100 μm. E and F, Impact of TKIs on vascularization of RENCA VHL− tumors in lungs; representative images acquired by confocal microscopy (green, GFP; blue, DAPI; red, CD31; E) and quantifications are shown; dotted line, tumor area; mean ± SEM, n = 4–10/group; ar, 100 μm. P values by one-way ANOVA with Tukey honestly significant difference post hoc test; *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01; ***, P < 0.001. A, axitinib; BV, blood vessel; C, cabozantinib; Endo/Endom, endomucin; L, lenvatinib; Lam, laminin; RV−, RENCA VHL; V, vehicle.
An Outbreak of Shiga Toxin-Positive Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli O104:H4 Related Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome in Turkey: A Multicenter Study
Authors: Havan Merve , Gurbanov Anar , Özkan Ersin , Uçmak Hacer , Kahveci Fevzi , Öztürk Zeynelabidin , Çakıcı Evrim Kargın , Uyar Emel , Emeksiz Serhat , Temel Özlem , Bozan Gürkan , Halıcıoğlu Hüsne Tuba , Çakmaklı Hasan Fatih , Yılmaz Songül , Levent Belkis , Özdemir Halil , Karahan Zeynep Ceren , Özçakar Zeynep Birsin , Kendirli Tanıl
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Serious outbreaks of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli-associated hemolytic uremic syndrome (STEC-HUS) have been reported globally. In 2011, Germany experienced a significant outbreak of HUS caused by enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC) O104:H4 strain. Since then, no other outbreaks of this strain have been reported. This study aims to evaluate pediatric patients affected by the second documented worldwide outbreak of STEC-HUS (EAEC O104:H4 serotype) contaminating local drinking water. Methods: Medical records of patients hospitalized in five pediatric intensive care units (PICUs) diagnosed with STEC-HUS between July and September 2022 were evaluated retrospectively. Results: Eighteen patients (14 girls and 4 boys) were enrolled in the study. The median age was 7.4 (Interquartile range [IQR] 1.3–17) years. Abdominal pain was the most common symptom (100%). The mean duration between symptom onset and development of STEC-HUS was 3 days (IQ 1–9). EAEC O104:H4 serotype was detected in the stool samples of 8 patients. Neurological involvement was observed in 3 patients, cardiac involvement in 2 patients, and both in 1 patient. Two patients required respiratory support and dialysis was performed in 16 (88.8%) patients. Plasmapheresis was administered to 2 patients, and eculizumab was given to four. No mortality was reported during follow-up; the mean durations of PICU and hospital stays were 11.3 and 31.6 days, respectively. Conclusion: Outbreaks of HUS can have serious impacts on both mortality and morbidity. However, timely diagnosis and implementation of appropriate supportive care, including dialysis, respiratory support, and medical treatment for eligible patients, can lead to favorable outcomes.
Uma fusão discursivo-espetacular entre política, mídia e religião na campanha presidencial de 2018 no Brasil
Authors: Soares Antonio Carlos , Pessoa Fátima Cristina da Costa , Khalil Lucas Martins Gama
Published: October 2024

The main objective of this article is to correlate the theoretical assumptions of enunciative Discourse Analysis and Guy Debord’s (1997) work on the social spectacle, through  the proposal of a discursive-spectacular fusion between the political, the media and the religious, in the 2018 election campaign led by the party coalition “Brazil above everything, God above everyone”, composed of the Social Liberal Party (PSL) and the Brazilian Renewal Labor Party (PRTB). The aim is to demonstrate, from Debord's perspective (1997), the profound relationship between capitalism and social spectacle, understood as relations mediated by images. It also seeks to associate social spectacle and the scene of enunciation, a notion that recovers the process of representation of the very situation of speaking, through the discursive constitution of the enunciative instances: the enunciator/co-enunciator pair and the coordinates of time and space of enunciation. In addition, a proposal for analyzing the corpus is presented, which consists of highlighting, in the verbal-visual materiality, the traits that show the discursive functioning that is presented as the hypothesis of this research: a discursive-spectacular fusion between discourses that circulate in the political, media and religious fields, specifically.
A recategorização e os efeitos de humor na piada de surdo em Libras: uma análise da construção de sentidos do referente “surdo” no texto sinalizado
Authors: Sousa Amanda Beatriz de Araújo , Batista Júnior José Ribamar Lopes
Published: October 2024

A partir de uma perspectiva cognitivo-discursiva da recategorização, este artigo tem o objetivo de investigar os casos de recategorização e seus efeitos na construção de sentidos do referente “surdo”, motivando o humor nas piadas de surdo sinalizadas em Libras. A pesquisa é de cunho qualitativo, com análise descritiva dos dados. A metodologia foi realizada em duas etapas: a primeira consistiu na seleção do corpus composto por 1 (um) vídeo de piada sinalizada; a segunda, na análise do corpus a partir dos critérios estabelecidos na metodologia. Os resultados evidenciam que a recategorização colabora para construção de sentidos do referente surdo nos textos sinalizados em Libras e contribui para engatilhar o texto humorístico surdo.