bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Survival of an Electrical Storm Secondary to Dofetilide Therapy - A Case Report
Authors: Sandio Aubin
Published: July 2024

The case of a 74-year-old patient who experienced an electrical storm while being admitted to the intensive unit for acute hypercapnic respiratory failure. The patient had a history of atrial fibrillation and is on dofetilide. The electrical storm was characterized by multiple runs of polymorphic ventricular tachycardia, which was believed to be secondary to the use of dofetilide and later the usage of amiodarone. The patient was treated with lidocaine infusion, ICD reprogramming, and intravenous magnesium sulfate, which resulted in the successful termination of the tachycardia. This case highlights the necessary steps in the management of an electrical storm, the possible pro-arrhythmogenic effects of anti-arrhythmia medications, and the relative frequency of electrical storms in ICD recipients.
Physical Activity for Hypertensives
Authors: Abdelbaki M.
Published: July 2024

Hypertension and sport, far from being mutually exclusive, are complementary. However, the right type of sport (preferably those involving endurance exercise) should be judiciously recommended for the right hypertensive (rather mild hypertensives without left ventricular hypertrophy). As far as possible, the hypertensive subject should be discouraged from taking part in competitive and/or high-level sports. Physical activity needs to be an integral part of prescribers' therapeutic decisions, and in particular of the dietary hygiene rules (weight loss, elimination of tobacco, reduction in fat intake) that need to be indicated to all hypertensives, whether or not they are sportsmen or women at the time of diagnosis of hypertension.
Hydatid Cyst of the Heart: About a Series
Authors: Abdelbaki M.
Published: July 2024

From January 1996 to December 2019, 16 patients were hospitalized in the cardiac surgery department and operated on for hydatid cyst of the heart. The majority were female. The average age was 29 years old. 25% of patients had an associated extracardiac location. All patients underwent open heart surgery. The purpose of this study is to report our experience, assess the results and compare them with data from the literature. Doppler echocardiography and MRI angiography allowed early and precise diagnosis. The prognosis is good except in the formsComplicated. Surgery remains the only therapeutic alternative. Anti-parasitic medical treatment is a complement to surgery advocated by certain teams.
Acute Coronary Syndrome and Essential Thrombocytemia: a Case Report
Authors: Abdelbaki M.
Published: July 2024

Essential thrombocythemia is a myeloproliferative syndrome that rarely complicates myocardial infarction. We report the observation of a 32-year-old man with no particular history admitted to the cardiology department for an acute coronary syndrome without ST-segment elevation from V3-V6 with elevated troponin. Subsequent coronary angiography revealed a thrombosis of the IVA between IVA 2 and IVA 3, with slight recurrence in the right network. The blood count showed an isolated thrombocytosis of 600,000/mm3. The evolution was favorable under BASIC treatment and hydrea-based treatment of hyperplaquettosis.
The Study of Neurons Under an Electron Microscope, Review
Authors: I. Bon Lizaveta
Published: July 2024

In many tissues, the morphological relationships between cells are not of particular importance, and the cytologist is mainly interested in the study of organelles found in a certain population of cells of the same type in structure and function. The situation is different in the nervous system, where the study of subtle cytoplasmic details must ultimately go hand in hand with the elucidation of relationships or connections between cells of different types. Since, however, the processes of neurons often stretch over considerable distances, the electron microscopic examination of even very small volumes of tissue is associated with incredible difficulties.
Flavonoids as Antioxidants
Authors: Haider Rehan
Published: July 2024

The oxidant reactions of free radicals and molecules with unpaired electrons are thought to contribute to many health problems. Antioxidants restrict the deleterious effects of oxidative stress. These effects can be direct (i.e., eliminating certain free radicals) or indirect (i.e., preventing radical formation). The body produces certain endogenous antioxidants (i.e., enzymes), which can be consumed in the diet. Some dietary antioxidants such as vitamin E are essential nutrients (the body cannot function normally without them). The diet also contains other components that are capable of antioxidant action. These belong to a class of food components known as phytochemicals. These compounds, such as flavonoids, are not required parts of the diet but may confer health benefits such as antioxidant action. It might be said that one can live without phytochemicals, but one might live better with them. If phytochemicals exert antioxidant actions in humans, the body's antioxidant capacity should diminish with a low-phytochemical diet. To a limited degree, this idea has been tested in a study conducted in our laboratory. ~Patients undergoing renal dialysis consumed one of three generified liquid formulas as the sole nutrition source for 3 weeks. Each formula contained essential nutrients in amounts generally considered adequate but did not contain major sources of phytochemicals. Nearly all subjects (12 = 20 for each of the three formulas) showed depressed plasma total antioxidant status (TAS) values. The decrease in TAS values could not be attributed to three major factors: vitamin E, vitamin C, or uric acid. p-Carotene was not a factor.
Photocatalytic H2 Production from Hydrazine Monohydrate (N2H4.H2O) using Ni–W–O Nanocomposite
Authors: Teresa Sponza Delia
Published: July 2024

In this study, H2(g) was produced from hydrazine monohydrate using Ni–W–O nanocomposite. The XRD pattern of the synthesized hydrothermal of Ni–W–O nanocomposite samples exhibited some features of that of NiWO4 with poorly crystallized groups. FTIR spectra of the nanocomposite showed an intense peak at 822 cm−1 corresponding to the stretching vibrations of O–W–O. TEM analysis indicated the reduction of the small NiWO4 crystallites during production process. In the EDS analysis Ni and W elemental distributions was detected. XPS results shows the presence of Ni (II) and W(VI) at high-temperature annealing. For maximum photodegradation of hydrazine monohydrate (N2H4.H2O) to H2(g) (2.670 l) the conditions were as follows: Ni–W–O nanocomposite concentration of 2 mg/l with a Ni/W/O ratio of 0.8/0.5/0.2, 80 min irradiation time, a ligth power of 90 W/m2, a temperature of 60oC and a pH of 8.0.
Initial United States experience with Medtronic Stealth Autoguide cranial robotic guidance platform
Authors: Atai Nadia A. , Mehta Vivek A.
Published: July 2024

OBJECTIVE

Stereotactic techniques play an important role in neurosurgery. The development of a miniaturized cranial robot with an efficient workflow and accurate surgical execution is an important step in a broader application of these techniques. Herein, the authors describe their experience with the Medtronic Stealth Autoguide miniaturized cranial robot.

METHODS

A retrospective review of 75 cases from 2020 to 2022 was performed. The patients who had undergone surgery utilizing the Stealth Autoguide robot were analyzed for surgical indication and accuracy, operative time, and clinical outcome. The outcomes were defined as follows: for stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG), the electrode placement pattern that identified the seizure focus and did not require any revision or additional leads; for biopsy, the percentage of cases in which diagnostic tissue was obtained; and for laser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT), the percentage of cases in which laser fiber placement was adequate for ablation. Surgical complications were defined as any asymptomatic or symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage, new neurological deficit, or need for electrode, laser fiber, or biopsy needle repositioning or revision.

RESULTS

The Stealth Autoguide robot was utilized in 75 on-label cases, including 40 SEEG cases for seizure focus localization, 19 LITT cases, and 16 stereotactic biopsy cases. The mean real target error (RTE) at the entry was 1.48 ± 0.84 mm for biopsy, 1.36 ± 0.89 mm for Visualase laser fiber placement, and 1.24 ± 0.72 mm for SEEG. The mean RTE at the target was 1.56 ± 0.95 mm for biopsy needle placement, 1.42 ± 0.93 mm for Visualase laser fiber placement, and 1.31 ± 0.87 mm for SEEG electrode placement. The surgical time for unilateral SEEG cases took an average 52 minutes (average 6.5 mins/lead, average 8 electrodes). Bilateral SEEG cases took an average 105 minutes (average 7.5 mins/lead, average 14 electrodes). In the SEEG population, there were no revised or unsuccessful seizure localizations. For biopsy, diagnostic tissue was obtained in 100% of cases. For LITT, fiber placement was adequate for ablation in 100% of cases. There were no cases of symptomatic or asymptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage, and no cases required repositioning or replacement of the laser fiber, electrode, or biopsy needle. One patient experienced transient cranial nerve III palsy following laser ablation that resolved in 10 weeks. A failure of communication between the robotic platform and the Stealth Autoguide as a station required the cancellation of 1 procedure.

CONCLUSIONS

The Medtronic Stealth Autoguide robot system is versatile across biopsy, SEEG, and laser ablation indications. Setup and surgical execution are efficient with a high degree of accuracy and consistency.
Bevacizumab-IRDye800CW for tumor detection in fluorescence-guided meningioma surgery (LUMINA trial): a single-center phase I study
Authors: Dijkstra Bianca M. , Cordia Quirine C. F. , Nonnekens Julie , Meersma Gert Jan , Donthu Venkata Sasank , Nagengast Wouter B. , Kruijff Schelto , den Dunnen Wilfred F. A. , Kruyt Frank A. E. , Groen Rob J. M.
Published: July 2024

OBJECTIVE

Meningiomas are one of the most frequently occurring brain tumors and can be curatively treated with gross-total resection. A subtotal resection increases the chances of recurrence. The intraoperative identification of invisible tumor remnants by using a fluorescent tracer targeting an upregulated biomarker could help to optimize meningioma resection. This is called molecular fluorescence-guided surgery (MFGS). Vascular endothelial growth factor α (VEGFα) has been identified as a suitable meningioma biomarker and can be targeted with bevacizumab-IRDye800CW.

METHODS

The aim of this prospective phase I trial was to determine the safety and feasibility of bevacizumab-IRDye800CW for MFGS for intracranial meningiomas by administering 4.5, 10, or 25 mg of the tracer 2–4 days prior to surgery. Fluorescence was verified during the operation with the standard neurosurgical microscope, and tissue specimens were postoperatively analyzed with fluorescence imaging systems (Pearl and Odyssey CLx) and spectroscopy to determine the optimal dose. Uptake was compared in several tissue types and correlated with VEGFα expression.

RESULTS

No adverse events related to the use of bevacizumab-IRDye800CW occurred. After two interim analyses, 10 mg was the optimal dose based on ex vivo tumor-to-background ratio. Although the standard intraoperative imaging revealed no fluorescence, postoperative analyses with tailored imaging systems showed high fluorescence uptake in tumor compared with unaffected dura mater and brain. Additionally, tumor invasion of the dura mater (dural tail) and invasion of bone could be distinguished using fluorescence imaging. Fluorescence intensity showed a good correlation with VEGFα expression.

CONCLUSIONS

Bevacizumab-IRDye800CW can be safely used in patients with meningioma; 10 mg bevacizumab-IRDye800CW provided an adequate tumor-to-background ratio. Adjustments of the currently available neurosurgical microscopes are needed to achieve visualization of targeted IRDye800CW intraoperatively. A phase II/III trial is needed to methodically investigate the benefit of MFGS with bevacizumab-IRDye800CW for meningioma surgery in a larger cohort of patients.
Optimizing the use of Ki-67 proliferative index as a prognostic biomarker in meningiomas using digital analysis
Authors: Thirunavu Vineeth , Drumm Michael , McCord Matthew , Steffens Alicia , Youngblood Mark W. , Nandoliya Khizar R. , Smith Heather , Walshon Jordain , McCortney Kathleen , Magill Stephen T. , Horbinski Craig
Published: July 2024

OBJECTIVE

Ki-67 immunohistochemistry is widely used as a prognostic marker in meningiomas, but visual estimations tend to be imprecise. Whether the average Ki-67 over an entire slide, a particular block, or areas of high staining (hotspots) is prognostic for recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) is unknown. This study aimed to generate evidence-based recommendations for the optimal use of Ki-67 immunohistochemistry in the workup of meningiomas.

METHODS

All tissue blocks from a retrospective cohort of 221 patients with primary meningioma (141 WHO grade 1, 64 WHO grade 2, 16 WHO grade 3) were immunostained for Ki-67 and scanned using automated digital analysis software. QuPath was used to quantify the average Ki-67 proliferation index per slide as well as the Ki-67 hotspot in a 2.2-mm2 area within each slide. The best block was defined subjectively by a neuropathologist as the most representative tissue block from each case. The pathology report Ki-67 was determined by visual estimation. Age, sex, WHO grade, extent of resection, tumor location, and quantitative Ki-67 labeling were tested to determine risk factors for RFS and OS.

RESULTS

Multivariable analyses demonstrated that WHO grade 2 (HR 2.42, p = 0.018), subtotal resection (HR 8.16, p < 0.0001), near-total resection (HR 2.24, p = 0.041), QuPath Ki-67 averaged across all blocks (HR per % increase = 1.72, p = 0.030), and pathology report Ki-67 (HR per % increase = 1.05, p = 0.0026) were associated with shorter RFS. The average Ki-67 in the best block, maximum across all slides, and maximum hotspot in the best block were not associated with RFS. Only male sex was independently associated with shorter OS (HR 8.52, p = 0.0003). The pathology report Ki-67 was, on average, 6.5 times higher than the QuPath average.

CONCLUSIONS

These data on Ki-67 in meningiomas indicate the following: 1) visual estimation substantially overestimates Ki-67, 2) digital quantification of average Ki-67 across all tissue blocks provides more prognostic information than small hotspot regions or an entire single block, and 3) Ki-67 is not informative for OS. The results suggest that best practices for incorporating Ki-67 into meningioma prognostication include digital quantification of average Ki-67 over multiple blocks.
Precision targeting in the globus pallidus interna: insights from the multicenter, prospective, blinded VA/NINDS CSP 468 study
Authors: D’Souza Shawn , Seshadri Vikram , Toms Jamie , D’Haese Pierre , Dawant Benoit M. , Li Rui , Shah Harsh P. , Koch Paul , Larson Paul , Holloway Kathryn L.
Published: July 2024

OBJECTIVE

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) targeting the globus pallidus interna (GPi) has been shown to significantly improve motor symptoms for the treatment of medication-refractory Parkinson’s disease. Yet, heterogeneity in clinical outcomes persists, possibly due to suboptimal target identification within the GPi. By leveraging robust sampling of the GPi and 6-month postsurgical outcomes, this study aims to determine optimal symptom-specific GPi DBS targets.

METHODS

In this study, the authors analyzed the anatomical lead location and 6-month postsurgical, double-blinded outcome measures of 86 patients who underwent bilateral GPi DBS. These patients were selected from the multicenter Veterans Affairs (VA)/National Institutes of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) Cooperative Studies Program (CSP) 468 study to identify the optimal target zones ("sweet spots") for the control of overall motor (United Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale [UPDRS]–III), axial, tremor, rigidity, and bradykinesia symptoms. Lead coordinates were normalized to Montreal Neurological Institute space and the optimal target zones were identified and validated using a leave-one-patient-out approach.

RESULTS

The authors’ findings revealed statistically significant optimal target zones for UPDRS-III (R = 0.37, p < 0.001), axial (R = 0.22, p = 0.042), rigidity (R = 0.20, p = 0.021), and bradykinesia (R = 0.23, p = 0.004) symptoms. These zones were localized within the primary motor and premotor subdivisions of the GPi. Interestingly, these zones extended beyond the GPi lateral border into the GPi–globus pallidus externa (GPe) lamina and into the GPe, but they did not reach the GPi ventral border, challenging traditional surgical approaches based on pallidotomies.

CONCLUSIONS

Drawing upon a robust dataset, this research effectively delineates specific optimal target zones for not only overall motor improvement but also symptom subscores. These insights hold the potential to enhance the precision of targeting in subsequent bilateral GPi DBS surgical procedures.
Factors influencing disparities in epilepsy surgery: analysis of the National Inpatient Sample and Kids’ Inpatient Database
Authors: Shurman Sylvianne E. , Abdulrazeq Hael , Tang Oliver Y. , Ayub Neishay , Asaad Wael F. , Meyers David J.
Published: July 2024

OBJECTIVE

Despite the proven efficacy of surgical intervention for achieving seizure freedom and improved quality of life for many epilepsy patients, this treatment remains underutilized. In this study, the authors assessed sociodemographic trends in epilepsy surgery in the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) and the Kids’ Inpatient Database (KID) and sought to determine whether disparities in surgical intervention for epilepsy may be attributed to insurance and comorbidity status.

METHODS

This cross-sectional study utilized data from the NIS database and KID from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project between the years 2012 and 2018. Outcomes of interest were rates of neurosurgical intervention, including resection, neuromodulation, or laser ablation. The authors utilized logit regression models to test the association between rates of neurosurgical intervention and the variables of interest and calculated the adjusted mean proportion of patients who received surgery using marginal effects.

RESULTS

Of 336,015 admissions with intractable epilepsy in the NIS, 6.1% were patients who underwent neurosurgical treatment. Of 39,655 admissions from KID, 5.0% received surgical treatment. Private insurance was associated with a greater odds of surgical intervention compared with Medicaid (NIS: OR 1.63, KID: OR 1.62; p < 0.001). Patients assigned White race had an increased odds ratio of undergoing surgery when compared with those assigned Black race, adjusted for comorbidity burden (NIS: OR 1.59, p < 0.001; KID: OR 1.44, p = 0.027). Patients with an Elixhauser Comorbidity Index score of 0 or 1 were associated with a lower likelihood of surgery when compared to their higher scoring counterparts who had 4 or more comorbidities (NIS: OR 0.74, KID: OR 0.62; both p < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS

This study demonstrates that marginalized patients and those with Medicaid had decreased odds of neurosurgical intervention for epilepsy. Results of this research support the need for increased attention toward epilepsy patients from marginalized groups. Further investigation into the root cause of socioeconomic inequities in epilepsy surgery is necessary.
Epidemiology of malignant gliomas in Iran: first report of Iranian National Population-based Cancer Registry, 2009–2017
Authors: Tavanaei Roozbeh , Akhlaghpasand Mohammadhosein , Tavanaei Dadbeh , Khannejad Samin , Hosseinpoor Maede , Sohrabi Mohammad-Reza , Akbari Atieh , Khayamzadeh Maryam , Amanzadeh Jajin Elnaz , Zali Alireza , Akbari Mohammad Esmaeil , Oraee-Yazdani Saeed
Published: July 2024

OBJECTIVE

Malignant gliomas constitute the most common type of primary malignant brain tumors. Most previous studies have evaluated the epidemiology of malignant gliomas in developed countries. Hence, there is a lack of evidence in this regard from developing countries. This study is the first epidemiological report on the status of malignant glioma in Iran between 2009 and 2017.

METHODS

Data from the Iranian National Population-based Cancer Registry (covering 98% of the Iranian population) on CNS tumors recorded from 2009 to 2017 were used for analysis. Age-adjusted incidence rates were calculated by sex, tumor histology, tumor site, and year of diagnosis. Trend analysis of incidence rates was also performed. Survival data were recorded and the Cox proportional hazards model was used to evaluate underlying risk factors.

RESULTS

A total of 8484 patients were diagnosed with malignant glioma between 2009 and 2017 in Iran. The overall age-adjusted incidence rate of malignant gliomas over the 9-year period was 1.71 per 100,000 persons. The most common histology of malignant gliomas was glioblastoma (81.4%). A significant increase in the incidence of malignant gliomas was found between 2009 and 2012. The median overall survival was 13.0 (95% CI 12.6–13.5) months over the study period. Older age groups, higher tumor grade, male sex, the first half of the study period, and receiving no treatment were significantly associated with worse prognoses.

CONCLUSIONS

This study is the latest epidemiological report on the status of malignant gliomas in Iran. Although the overall incidence rate was lower than the rates in developed countries, several findings were consistent with those in prior reports.
Intracranial pulse pressure amplitude as an indicator of intracranial compliance: observations in symptomatic children with Chiari malformation type I
Authors: Frič Radek , Bryne Eline , Warsza Bogna , Eide Per Kristian
Published: July 2024

OBJECTIVE

Reduced intracranial compliance (ICC) may be an important factor in the pathophysiology of Chiari malformation type I (CM-I). However, direct measurement of ICC is controversial because of its invasiveness, particularly in children. Instead, ICC may be estimated from continuous measurements of intracranial pressure (ICP), where the metric mean wave amplitude (MWA) has been found to be more useful as a surrogate marker of ICC than mean ICP. This observational study investigated the distribution of MWA and mean ICP in symptomatic children with CM-I, as well as their association with clinical and radiological findings.

METHODS

From a consecutive series of children treated for CM-I at a single institution between 2006 and 2023, the authors analyzed ICP scores in those who underwent an overnight preoperative ICP recording in which MWA was calculated. Clinical and radiological data were retrieved from the patient records.

RESULTS

Thirty-seven children (mean age 12.4 ± 3.6 years) with symptomatic CM-I were identified. From the overnight ICP measurements, the average MWA was 5.2 ± 1.3 mm Hg: 56% of children had an abnormal MWA (> 5 mm Hg) and 33% had a borderline MWA (4–5 mm Hg). In contrast, the average mean ICP was 9.7 ± 4.1 mm Hg: 8% of children had an abnormal mean ICP (> 15 mm Hg) and 41% had a borderline mean ICP (10–15 mm Hg). Thus, more children were found to have an abnormal MWA than an abnormal mean ICP (p < 0.001). MWA was significantly higher in the subgroup of children with medullary compression in the foramen magnum, as seen on MRI, than in those without (5.6 ± 1.0 mm Hg vs 4.7 ± 1.4 mm Hg, p = 0.03), whereas a similar difference was not observed for mean ICP (9.9 ± 4.6 mm Hg vs 9.7 ± 3.7 mm Hg, p = 0.889).

CONCLUSIONS

In this cohort of symptomatic children with CM-I, MWA was more frequently abnormal than mean ICP, with a clinically significant discrepancy in half of the patients. Moreover, MWA was significantly higher in patients with medullary compression. Based on these findings, the authors’ interpretation is that in children with CM-I, the ICC may be reduced, as indicated by increased MWA, even though the mean ICP is within normal thresholds.
Change in spinal bone mineral density as estimated by Hounsfield units following osteoporosis treatment with romosozumab, teriparatide, denosumab, and alendronate: an analysis of 318 patients
Authors: Mikula Anthony L. , Lakomkin Nikita , Hamouda Abdelrahman M. , Everson Megan C. , Pennington Zach , Kumar Rahul , Pinter Zachariah W. , Martini Michael L. , Bydon Mohamad , Kennel Kurt A. , Baffour Francis , Nassr Ahmad , Freedman Brett , Sebastian Arjun S. , Abode-Iyamah Kingsley , Anderson Paul A. , Fogelson Jeremy L. , Elder Benjamin D.
Published: July 2024

OBJECTIVE

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of osteoporosis medications on opportunistic CT-based Hounsfield units (HU).

METHODS

Spine and nonspine surgery patients were retrospectively identified who had been treated with romosozumab for 3 to 12 months, teriparatide for 3 to 12 months, teriparatide for > 12 months, denosumab for > 12 months, or alendronate for > 12 months. HU were measured in the L1–4 vertebral bodies. One-way ANOVA was used to compare the mean change in HU among the five treatment regimens.

RESULTS

In total, 318 patients (70% women) were included, with a mean age of 69 years and mean BMI of 27 kg/m2. There was a significant difference in mean HU improvement (p < 0.001) following treatment with romosozumab for 3 to 12 months (n = 32), teriparatide for 3 to 12 months (n = 30), teriparatide for > 12 months (n = 44), denosumab for > 12 months (n = 123), and alendronate for > 12 months (n = 100). Treatment with romosozumab for a mean of 10.5 months significantly increased the mean HU by 26%, from a baseline of 85 to 107 (p = 0.012). Patients treated with teriparatide for > 12 months (mean 23 months) experienced a mean HU improvement of 25%, from 106 to 132 (p = 0.039). Compared with the mean baseline HU, there was no significant difference after treatment with teriparatide for 3 to 12 months (110 to 119, p = 0.48), denosumab for > 12 months (105 to 107, p = 0.68), or alendronate for > 12 months (111 to 113, p = 0.80).

CONCLUSIONS

Patients treated with romosozumab for a mean of 10.5 months and teriparatide for a mean of 23 months experienced improved spinal bone mineral density as estimated by CT-based opportunistic HU. Given the shorter duration of effective treatment, romosozumab may be the preferred medication for optimization of osteoporotic patients in preparation for elective spine fusion surgery.
Comparing ventriculoatrial and ventriculopleural shunts in pediatric hydrocephalus: a Hydrocephalus Clinical Research Network study
Authors: Ravindra Vijay M. , Riva-Cambrin Jay , Jensen Hailey , Whitehead William E. , Kulkarni Abhaya V. , Limbrick David D. , Wellons John C. , Naftel Robert P. , Rozzelle Curtis J. , Rocque Brandon G. , Pollack Ian F. , McDowell Michael M. , Tamber Mandeep S. , Hauptman Jason S. , Browd Samuel R. , Pindrik Jonathan , Isaacs Albert M. , McDonald Patrick J. , Hankinson Todd C. , Jackson Eric M. , Chu Jason , Krieger Mark D. , Simon Tamara D. , Strahle Jennifer M. , Holubkov Richard , Reeder Ron , Kestle John R. W.
Published: July 2024

OBJECTIVE

When the peritoneal cavity cannot serve as the distal shunt terminus, nonperitoneal shunts, typically terminating in the atrium or pleural space, are used. The comparative effectiveness of these two terminus options has not been evaluated. The authors directly compared shunt survival and complication rates for ventriculoatrial (VA) and ventriculopleural (VPl) shunts in a pediatric cohort.

METHODS

The Hydrocephalus Clinical Research Network Core Data Project was used to identify children ≤ 18 years of age who underwent either VA or VPl shunt insertion. The primary outcome was time to shunt failure. Secondary outcomes included distal site complications and frequency of shunt failure at 6, 12, and 24 months.

RESULTS

The search criteria yielded 416 children from 14 centers with either a VA (n = 318) or VPl (n = 98) shunt, including those converted from ventriculoperitoneal shunts. Children with VA shunts had a lower median age at insertion (6.1 years vs 12.4 years, p < 0.001). Among those children with VA shunts, a hydrocephalus etiology of intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) secondary to prematurity comprised a higher proportion (47.0% vs 31.2%) and myelomeningocele comprised a lower proportion (17.8% vs 27.3%) (p = 0.024) compared with those with VPl shunts. At 24 months, there was a higher cumulative number of revisions for VA shunts (48.6% vs 38.9%, p = 0.038). When stratified by patient age at shunt insertion, VA shunts in children < 6 years had the lowest shunt survival rate (p < 0.001, log-rank test). After controlling for age and etiology, multivariable analysis did not find that shunt type (VA vs VPl) was predictive of time to shunt failure. No differences were found in the cumulative frequency of complications (VA 6.0% vs VPl 9.2%, p = 0.257), but there was a higher rate of pneumothorax in the VPl cohort (3.1% vs 0%, p = 0.013).

CONCLUSIONS

Shunt survival was similar between VA and VPl shunts, although VA shunts are used more often, particularly in younger patients. Children < 6 years with VA shunts appeared to have the shortest shunt survival, which may be a result of the VA group having more cases of IVH secondary to prematurity; however, when age and etiology were included in a multivariable model, shunt location (atrium vs pleural space) was not associated with time to failure. The baseline differences between children treated with a VA versus a VPl shunt likely explain current practice patterns.
ANALISIS PEMANFAATAN FUNGSI EKONOMI DAN ADAPTASI PEDAGANG KAKI LIMA (PKL) DI TAMAN KOTA TARUNA KOTA GORONTALO DI ERA NEW NORMAL
Authors: Arifuddin Arifuddin , Eka Rahmawati
Published: July 2024

Abstract: The city parks and street vendors (PKL) are an inseparable part of human life. The existence of street vendors in the city parks will assist the economic needs and an architecture behavioral study is needed to discusses the relationship between humans and humans to their environment. The object of this research is the adaptation of architecture behavioral in Taruna park. This research used a qualitative descriptive and it used the behavior mapping method. This research aims to analyze about mapping the behavior of activities and the adaptation of street vendors' interactions with visitors in the Taruna park which is expected to contribute the arrangement of the city parks in order to accommodate the existence of street vendors. The result of the research is that it is known as the economic turnover in Taruna Park is around Rp. 5.001.200.000/year. This is a very fantastic figure to increase the economic value of the Gorontalo people. Moreover, there are five categories of street vendors in Taruna park, namely; sedentary, semi-permanent, semi-permanent, semi-static and with agglomeration distribution patterns, accessibility, and kinship as well as interaction distance which is more influenced by cognitive factors and physical environmental situation.Keyword: Taruna Park; Street Vendors; Architecture Behavioral.Abstrak: Taman kota dan pedagang kaki lima (PKL) adalah bagian yang tidak terpisahkan dalam kehidupan manusia. Keberadaan PKL di taman kota dapat memenuhi kebutuhan ekonomi sehingga dibutuhkan kajian arsitektur perilaku yang membahas tentang hubungan antara manusia dengan manusia dengan lingkungannya. Objek penelitian ini adalah adaptasi perilaku arsitektur di taman Taruna, Penelitian ini ialah penelitian deskriptif kualiatiatif menggunakan metode peta perilaku (behavior mapping). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengananlisis, memetakan perilaku aktivitas dan adaptasi interaksi PKL dengan pengunjung taman Taruna yang diharapkan dapat memberi kontribusi terhadap penataan taman kota yang mampu mengakomodasi keberadaan PKL. Hasil Penelitian diketahui bahwa perputaran ekonomi di taman Taruna sekitar Rp.5.001.200.000/tahun. Angka yang sangat fantastis untuk menggerakkan ekonomi masyarakat Gorontalo. PKL di Taman Taruna terdapat lima ketegori yaitu; menetap, semi menetap, semi permanen, semi static serta dengan pola penyebaran aglomerasi, aksebilitas, dan kekeluargaan serta jarak interaksi yang lebih dipengaruhi oleh faktor kognitif dan situasi lingkungan fisik.Kata Kunci: Taman Taruna; Pedagang kaki lima; Perilaku arsitektur.
UNIVERSAL DESIGN PADA AKSESIBILITAS RUANG TERBUKA PUBLIK DI BANTARAN SUNGAI KOTA BANDUNG
Authors: Ismail Nurwidyah Azizah , Suprapti Atik
Published: July 2024

Abstract: Public open space is a facility that can be used by the whole community. So that the development of every public open space should follow the reference to a design that is friendly to everyone regardless of differences so that it can be easily accessed and used. However, what happens in the field is that there are several accesses that are not suitable for children, the elderly and people with special needs. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the application of universal design principles to accessibility in the Teras Cikapundung. The method used in this study is a qualitative descriptive method by collecting data on universal design and conducting field observations to find out facts in the field which will then be compared with universal design principles. Data collection was carried out in two ways, namely primary data collection obtained by direct observation at the Teras Cikapundung and interviews with visitors and the local community, while secondary data collection was obtained from literature studies in the form of journals and books related to what was researched. The results of this study show that there are several inconsistencies in the accessibility of the Teras Cikapundung with universal design principles such as no guide lines, ramp slopes that exceed the standard, ramps and stairs that are not equipped with handrails, and signs that are less informative.Keyword: Universal Design, Accessibility, Public Open SpaceAbstrak: Ruang terbuka publik merupakan fasilitas yang dapat digunakan oleh seluruh masyarakat. Sehingga pengembangan setiap ruang terbuka publik seharusnya mengikuti acuan pada desain yang ramah bagi setiap orang tanpa melihat perbedaan agar dapat mudah diakses dan digunakan. Namun, yang terjadi dilapangan terdapat beberapa akses yang tidak sesuai dengan anak-anak, lansia dan orang-orang yang memiliki kebutuhan khusus. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi penerapan prinsip universal design pada aksesibilitas di Teras Cikapundung. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah metode deskrtiptif kualitatif dengan mengumpulkan data mengenai universal design dan melakukan observasi lapangan untuk mengetahui fakta dilapangan yang selanjutnya akan dibandingkan dengan prinsip universal design. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan dua cara yaitu pengumpulan data primer yang diperoleh dengan cara observasi langsung di Teras Cikapundung dan wawancara dengan pengunjung maupun masyarakat setempat, sedangkan pengumpulan data sekunder diperoleh dari studi pustaka berupa jurnal dan buku yang terkait dengan apa yang diteliti. Hasil dari penelitian ini terdapat beberapa ketidaksesuaian aksesibilitas Teras Cikapundung dengan prinsip universal design seperti tidak terdapat jalur pemandu, kemiringan ramp yang melebihi standar, ramp dan tangga yang tidak di lengkapi dengan handrail, dan juga rambu yang kurang informatif.Kata Kunci: Universal Design, Aksesibilitas, Ruang Terbuka Publik
EKSPLORASI GAYA ARSITEKTUR MODERN: Studi Kasus Masjid Islamic Center Tulang Bawang Barat
Authors: Andrew Bernard , Simanjuntak Victor Daniel , Henkhazara Sultan Rasyad , Fadilasari Dewi
Published: July 2024

Abstract: Abstract: Architecture as a marker of civilization brings its characteristics in each era. The West Tulang Bawang (Tubaba) Islamic Center Mosque is a mosque with a center for Islamic activities in it. Designed with unique architecture and is different from other general mosque. In the application of architecture, the Tubaba Islamic Center Mosque has a theoretical value in terms of function, form, and meaning that cannot be separated from the Islamic religious elements in it. The function is applied as a center for Islamic activities, a different form from mosques in general but with Islamic ornaments that do not eliminate the mosque's signature, and also the meaning that is applied from construction, and elements to the concept of the building. The modern architectural style at the Tubaba Islamic Center Mosque follows the characteristics of the modern architectural version of the International Style.Keyword::Architecture, Mosque, ModernAbstrak: Arsitektur sebagai penanda peradaban membawa suatu ciri khas sendiri dalam setiap zamannya. Masjid Islamic Center Tulang Bawang Barat (Tubaba) adalah sebuah masjid dengan pusat kegiatan kegiatan islami didalamnya. Dirancang dengan arsitektur unik dan berbeda dengan masjid pada umumnya. Untuk penerapan di bidang arsitektur, Masjid Islamic Center Tubaba memiliki nilai teori secara fungsi, bentuk dan makna yang tidak terlepas dari unsur keagamaan Islam didalamnya. Fungsi diterapkan sebagai pusat kegiatan islami, bentuk yang berbeda dari masjid pada umumnya namun dengan ornamen Islam yang tidak menghilangkan signature masjid, dan juga makna yang diterapkan dari kontruksi, elemen sampai dengan konsep bangunan. Gaya arsitektur modern pada Masjid Islamic Center Tubaba mengikuti ciri dari arsitektur modern versi International Style.Kata Kunci: Arsitektur, Masjid, Modern
TINGKAT KENYAMANAN PEJALAN KAKI DI KOTA BANDAR LAMPUNG BERDASARKAN TEORI URBAN WALKABILITY STUDI KASUS : Jl. Kartini, dan Jl. Raden Intan, Bandar Lampung
Authors: Kurniawan Guruh Kristiadi , Nurzukhrufa Antusias , Abas Najmi Adli , Lestari Lukita Tri
Published: July 2024

Abstract: In keeping up with the rapid development of the city requires the support of adequate public facilities. Pedestrians are one of the things that need attention, the provision of facilities and infrastructure for pedestrians. Able to create the realization of a comfortable city (Liveable City) and friendly for pedestrians (Walkable). Moving from curiosity about the level of pedestrian comfort in the city of Bandar Lampung, we conducted research with a case study object on Jl. Kartini and Jl. Raden Intan, City of Bandar Lampung. Through this research we aim to determine the level of pedestrian comfort in the city of Bandar Lampung based on urban walkability theory and to determine the factors that influence the level of pedestrian comfort on Jl. Kartini and Jl. Raden Intan, City of Bandar Lampung. The results of this study show the comfort level of pedestrians on Jl. Kartini and Jl. Raden Intan, City of Bandar Lampung based on the theory of urban walkability is said to be still uncomfortable. This statement is reinforced by the results of observation and interviews of pedestrians at the study site.Keyword: walkability, pedestrian, trotoarAbstrak: Dalam mengimbangi perkembangan kota yang pesat memerlukan dukungan fasilitas publik yang memadai. Pejalan kaki menjadi salah satu hal yang perlu diperhatikan, penyedian sarana dan prasarana bagi pejalan kaki. Mampu menciptakan terwujudnya kota yang nyaman (Liveable City) dan ramah untuk pejalan kaki (Walkable). Bergerak dari keingintahuan tentang tingkat kenyamanan pejalan kaki di kota Bandar Lampung kami melakukan penelitian dengan objek studi kasus di Jl. Kartini dan Jl. Raden Intan, Kota Bandar Lampung. Melalui penelitian ini kami bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat kenyamanan pejalan kaki di Kota Bandar Lampung berdasarkan teori urban walkability dan mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi tingkat kenyamanan pejalan kaki di Jl. Kartini dan Jl. Raden Intan, Kota Bandar Lampung. Dalam hasil penelitian ini sendiri menunjukan tingkat kenyamanaan pejalan kaki di Jl. Kartini dan Jl. Raden Intan, Kota Bandar Lampung berdasarkan teori urban walkability dikatakan masih kurang nyaman. Penyataan tersebut diperkuat dengan hasil dari observasi dan wawancara pejalan kaki di lokasi penelitian.Kata Kunci: walkability, pedestrian, trotoar
SUSTAINABLE IMPACT CONSIDERATION IN COMPARISON GREEN BUILDING RATING TOOLS IN INDONESIA
Authors: Mardhiyana Ghina , Larasati Dewi , Nadia Sarah , Triadi Fajar
Published: July 2024

Abstract: Binjai City is a level II city area with the status of.a municipality within the province of North Sumatra, Indonesia. Binjai is located about 22 Km west of the provincial capital of North Sumatra. Binjai City is divided into 5 districts, namely Kota Binjai, North Binjai, South Binjai, West Binjai, East Binjai. Binjai is one of the cities that has a large rice field area. Binjai City is also one of the tourist cities that is currently very often visited by many people. This study aims to landscape development to analyze the development of potential landscapes in rice fields as a means of developing tourist attractions in binjai city. Based on the questioner research 73% respondent strongly agreed and 27% agreed to lanctioning rice fields as tourism object.The results of this activity are in the form of design designs for educational areas about planting rice fields, outbound, relaxing areas, playgrounds, and supporting facilities. The excavation of information from the villagers was also welcomed and added to the enthusiasm of the residents to make East Binjai a tourist village. The results of the Park Tourism design can help for development even though it is carried out in stages.Keyword: Agrotourism, Binjai City, LandscapeAbstrak: Kota Binjai merupakan kawasan kota tingkat II yang berstatus kotamadya di dalam provinsi Sumatera Utara, Indonesia. Binjai terletak sekitar 22 Km sebelah barat ibu kota provinsi Sumatera Utara. Kota Binjai terbagi menjadi 5 kabupaten yaitu Kota Binjai, Binjai Utara, Binjai Selatan, Binjai Barat, Binjai Timur. Binjai merupakan salah satu kota yang memiliki areal persawahan yang luas. Kota Binjai juga merupakan salah satu kota wisata yang saat ini sangat sering dikunjungi banyak orang. Penelitian ini bertujuan pengembangan lanskap untuk menganalisis pengembangan potensi lanskap di persawahan sebagai sarana pengembangan daya tarik wisata di kota binjai. Berdasarkan penelitian kuesioner 73% responden sangat setuju dan 27% setuju untuk menjadikan sawah lanctioning sebagai objek wisata.Hasil dari kegiatan ini berupa desain desain untuk area edukasi tentang penanaman sawah, outbond, area santai, taman bermain, dan fasilitas penunjang. Penggalian informasi dari warga juga disambut baik dan menambah semangat warga untuk menjadikan Binjai Timur sebagai desa wisata. Hasil rancangan Taman Wisata dapat membantu untuk pengembangan meskipun dilakukan secara bertahap.Kata Kunci : Agrowisata, Kota Binjai, Lanskap
KINERJA BUKAAN DAN ORIENTASI TERHADAP KENYAMANAN TERMAL PADA PERUMAHAN SIRANDA VIEW SEMARANG
Authors: Mutiara Sony , Hardiman Gagoek
Published: July 2024

Abstract: Siranda View Housing is a housing complex in Semarang that comprises three different styles of residences with minimalist facades. The thermal comfort conditions within a house are affected by residential house facades with variable apertures and orientations for each type of house. The issue in this study is the performance of residential house openings and orientation that are not in accordance with regulations for each different type of housing, resulting in negative thermal comfort conditions. The air temperature and humidity in the research object were measured using a quantitative descriptive method. Psychometric and Effective Temperature diagrams were used to examine measurements taken at two different types of residential dwellings. Data collection through respondents is also done to know the sensations respondents feel while inside the home.This study shows that although the thermal comfort conditions in a one-story house are still below the optimal requirements, the thermal comfort conditions in a second-story house are normal.Keyword: Thermal Comfort, Building Aperture, Building OrientationAbstrak: Perumahan Siranda View merupakan salah satu perumahan di Kota Semarang yang memiliki 3 tipe rumah berbeda dengan fasad minimalis. Fasad rumah tinggal dengan beragam bukaan dan perbedaan orientasi pada setiap tipe rumah ini berpengaruh terhadap kondisi kenyamanan termal di dalam rumah. Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini adalah kinerja bukaan dan orientasi rumah tinggal yang tidak sesuai standar pada setiap tipe rumah yang berbeda sehingga tercipta kondisi kenyamanan termal yang kurang baik. Penelitian yang dilakukan ini dengan metode deskriptif kuantitatif dengan pengukuran suhu udara dan kelembaban pada objek penelitian. Pengukuran dilakukan pada 2 tipe rumah tinggal yang berbeda dianalisis menggunakan diagram Psikometrik dan Temperatur Efektif. Pengambilan data melalui responden juga dilakukan untuk mengetahui sensasi yang dirasakan responden saat berada di dalam rumah. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kondisi kenyamanan termal pada rumah satu lantai masih dibawah standar kenyamanan termal yang ideal, namun kondisi kenyamanan termal pada rumah dua lantai sudah sesuai dengan standar yang baik.Kata Kunci: Kenyamanan Termal, Bukaan Bangunan, Orientasi Bangunan
PENERAPAN PRINSIP SUSTAINABLE ARCHITECTURE PADA DESAIN HOTEL BINTANG 5 MEDAN
Authors: Satrya Rino , Nuraini Cut , Ekasyahputra Nusa
Published: July 2024

Abstract: The city of Medan is a city which is one of the most visited tourist destinations in Indonesia. There are also various tourism potentials that can be developed. Tourism potential in the city of Medan. To accommodate all existing tourism services, it is necessary to build a hotel as a place to stay for guests visiting the city of Medan. The construction of hotels in strategic areas is very important. This design presents the design of a hotel to accommodate tourism activities in the city of Medan by applying the concept of sustainable architecture to hotel buildings in strategic urban areas of the city of Medan.The principles of sustainability that are applied also take into account KDB and KLB regulations of the city of Medan. The sustainable architecture of the hotel design is shown through the use of used materials, the use of solar panels as energy utilization, and the use of secondary skin as a barrier to direct sunlight.The results of this design are expected to become recommendations tourists to spend the night also rest.Besides that it can also have a positive effect on the environment and the surrounding community.Keyword: sustainable architecture,hotel,architectural principlesAbstrak: Kota Medan adalah kota yang menjadi salah satu tujuan wisata yang banyak dikunjungi di Indonesia.Potensi wisata yang dapat dikembangkan juga beragam. Potensi wisata di kota Medan.Untuk mewadahi semua jasa wisata yang ada, maka perlu dibangun hotel sebagai tempat menginap bagi para tamu yang berkunjung ke kota Medan.Pembangunan hotel di kawasan strategis sangatlah penting.Isu lingkungan yang semakin serius mendorong penulis untuk menerapkan prinsip keberlanjutan di desain tersebut.Naskah ini menyajikan perancangan hotel untuk mengakomodasi kegiatan pariwisata di kota Medan dengan penerapan konsep arsitektur berkelanjutan pada bangunan hotel di kawasan strategis perkotaan kota Medan. Prinsip keberlanjutan yang diterapkan juga mempertimbangkan peraturan KDB dan KLB kota Medan.Arsitektur berkelanjutan pada desain hotel tersebut ditunjukkan melalui penggunaan material bekas, penggunaan solar panel sebagai pemanfataan energi,dan penggunaan secondary skin sebagai penghalau sinar matahari secara langsung.Hasil dari perancangan ini diharapkan menjadi rekomendasi wisatawan untuk bermalam juga beristirahat. selain itu juga dapat memberikan efek positif bagi lingkungan dan masyarakat sekitar.Kata Kunci:arsitektur berkelanjutan,hotel, prinsip arsitektur