bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Seminarium Kondakovianum as a European Centre for the Crimean Studies (1920s)
Authors: Nepomniashchy Andrei A.
Published: December 2021

An art historian and an expert in architectural objects restoration N. P. Kondakov emigrated to Czechoslovakia where a circle of emigrant historians shaped around him. This scholarly society developing from the Byzantologist N. P. Kondakov’s home circle in Prague was titled in Byzantine way, Seminarium Kondakovianum. After his death in February 1925, this small-in-number academic community with support from the Czechoslovak government developed into a foreign school of Byzantologists and Russian historians. Thus, there appeared a Russian institution with international statute in Prague. The study of intertwined western and eastern influences in Russian history became a typical motif of Russian scholarly thought in emigration. In this connection, the Crimea became an interesting object for the researches and historical generalizations by the Seminaium members. The paper introduces into the scholarship the materials from the archive of the Seminarium Kondakovianum (Kondakov Institute) now residing in the Archives of the Czech Academy of Sciences. The analysis attracts the documents from N. P. Kondakov’s personal collection at the Literary Archives of Written National Monuments of the Slavonic Library in Prague. There are interesting unpublished manuscripts by the Seminarium members discovered by the author. There were three circles of Crimean researchers determined at the Seminarium’s works: historians living in Prague who studied the mediaeval history of the Crimea and the history of research (N. M. Beliaev, G. V. Vernadsky, A. P. Kalitinskii, D. А. Rasovskii, N. P. Toll’); a group of historians from the USSR attracted by G. V. Vernadsky to send their papers for discussion (D. V. Ainalov, S. А. Zhebelev, N. V. Izmailova, A. I. Markevich, and others); Russian emigrant historians living in other countries (M. I. Rostovtsev, alter on G. V. Vernadsky). G. V. Vernadsky was the chief organizer and the academic curator of the Seminarium. G. V. Vernadsky’s skillful practice on attraction to the Seminarium of leading Soviet experts in the Crimean studies allowed the annual to publish their works thus enlarging the sphere of the historians’ scholarly communications. The contacts (correspondence) with the Taurida Society for History, Archaeology, and Ethnography (Simferopol) and the State Museum of Chersonese (Sevastopol) were established. Hysteria made by the Soviet secret service and Communist party leaders around the “case of S. A. Zhebelev,” directly connected with the cooperation of Soviet and emigrant historians, resulted in the cease of the said contacts and book exchange. In 1931, the Seminarium was reshaped into N. P. Kondakov Institute with the change of the participants and the disappearance of the Crimea aspect from the agenda for sessions.
On the New Trends in Translation of Abd al-Zahir’s Texts
Authors: Spivak Igor A.
Published: December 2021

The beginning of diplomatic relations between the Golden Horde and Mamluk Egypt and the conversion to Islam by Khan Berke (1257–1266) are reflected in written sources. The most important of these is the Garden of Flowers in the Biography of al-Malik al-Zahir, compiled by Muhyi d-Din Abu-l-Fadl ’Abdallah ibn ‘Abd az-Zahir, the secretary of the Sultan al-Malik al-Zahir Rukn al-Din Baybars al-Bunduqdari (1260–1277). This work became the basis for later books of those who represented Arabic-speaking historical tradition. The excerpts from these works uncovering the history of the Golden Horde were published in 1884 by V. G. Tizengausen. It should be noted that the translation of the sources made by V. G. Tizengausen at a high level is not a word-by-word translation. The literary translation leaves room for various historical interpretations of the texts. In 2020, V. A. Sidorenko published an attempt of interpretation of the kind. The aim of the present research is grammatical, historical, and religious analysis of the conjectures given by V. A. Sidorenko and the conclusions drawn against this background. The results of the research undertaken support the conclusion that the most likely date of conversion to Islam by Khan Berke reflected in the written sources is 1263. Moreover, the author criticises the conjectures of Ibn Abd al-Zahir’s text suggested by V. A. Sidorenko. The greatest objection is the translation of the content of the first letter of the Egyptian Sultan to Khan Berke. The conclusion is made that, at the moment when the letter to Berke was written, al-Malik al-Zahir Baybars had no doubts about the religion of the Khan. This conclusion suggests doubts concerning the chronological sequence of diplomatic missions and exchange of letters between Egypt and the Golden Horde suggested by V. A. Sidorenko. One should search for the reason for the contradictions between the content of the Sultan’s message to the Khan of the Golden Horde and the content of the letters delivered to Egypt by Berke’s ambassadors among the features of religious policy of Mongolian rulers. Taking the Khan’s sympathy for Islam into account, the reason behind the letter to Berke probably was the misinterpretation of the information concerning his religion received in Egypt.
Tilianin Promotes the Proliferation and Osteogenic Differentiation of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Authors: Xue Zhixing , Yang Jin , Yu Panfeng
Published: December 2021

Osteoporosis is a systemic bone disease characterized by a decrease in bone mineral density and mass. To examine the mechanism(s) underlying the pathogenesis of osteoporosis, we have used an in vitro model of osteoporosis induced by exposure to high glucose. Tilianin is a flavonoid glycoside isolated from Dracocephalum moldavica L. that has been reported to exhibit a variety of pharmacologic activities. However, the utility of tilianin in the treatment of osteoporosis remains unexplored. To this end, we have examined the effect of tilianin on bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells exposed to high glucose. Our data revealed that tilianin suppressed apoptosis, promoted osteogenic differentiation, and survival of the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in the presence of high glucose. Our data therefore confirmed that tilianin could serve as a promising drug for the treatment of osteoporosis.
Transtumoral endoprothesis in surgery of colorectal cancer, complicated with colonic obstruction: advantages and disadvantages. A review of the literature
Authors: Aliev Saday , Aliev Emil , Mamedova Senem , Iusubov Mokhbaddin
Published: December 2021

A multifactorial analysis of the literature data on the treatment of acute tumor colonic obstruction using minimally invasive endoscopic surgical technology was carried out. On the basis of the analysis of special publications, the effectiveness of stenting of the large intestine, as a minimally invasive endoscopic method of decompression, is presented. Indications and contraindications for colorectal stenting, advantages and disadvantages, possibilities and prospects of endoscopic decompression of the colon are described in detail. It is postulated that stenting, used in acute tumor obstruction of the colon as a «bridge to surgery», being a worthy alternative to classical colostomy, allows an effective antegrade decompression of the colon and prepares the patient to surgical treatment with the performance of oncological justified primary radical and one-stage restorative operations in more optimal conditions with minimal risk. It is shown that in the late stages of the malignant process and in the presence of neresect-leucorrhoea colorectal cancer, as well as in the presence of absolute contraindications to a radical surgeon Colon stenting can serve as the final treatment for inoperable patients.
The value of computer aided detection system FOR mammography in the breast cancer screening: single-center, prospective, randomized clinical trial
Authors: Khasanov Rustem , Tukhbatullin Munir , Pasynkov Dmitrii
Published: December 2021

Purpose. To assess the influence of mammography mapping with the help of computer-aided detection system (CAD) MammCheck II of our own design on the relapse-free survival (RFS) in breast cancer (BC) patients detected during the combined (mammographic and ultrasound [US]) screening.
Materials and methods. 10732 women aged 40-87 years old (mean age: 52.20±8.63) who performed mammography were randomized to the standard screening group (mammography → US of the dense breasts) or to the group of CAD-assisted screening (mammography → CAD → targeted US of suspicious CAD markings, as well as the standard US of the dense breasts; CAD group). The primary endpoint was the 3-years RFS.
Results. Totally, in the standard screening group we identified 230 BCs (4.29%), in the CAD group — 248 BCs (4.62%; p>0.05), including 49 (21.20%) и 88 (35.48%) 0-I stage BCs, respectively (p<0.05). Median of the primary tumor size was significantly lower in the CAD group (18 mm) compared to the standard screening group (25 mm; р<0.05). 3-years RFS was significantly higher (87.90%) in the CAD group compared to the standard screening group (81.20%; р<0.05).
Conclusion. Breast US after the previous mammography CAD mapping significantly increases the 3-years RFS of women with combined screening-detected BC.
Proinflammatory cytokines and circulating tumor cells in ovarian cancer patients treated with platinum-containing chemotherapy
Authors: Gening Snezhanna , Abakumova Tatyana , Dolgova Dinara , Antoneeva Inna , Gening Tatyana , Kolodiy Irina
Published: December 2021

Summary. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are a potential source of tumor progression. Systemic tumor-associated inflammation can influence the cancer prognosis both independently and by changing the characteristics of CTCs. Data on the role of proinflammatory cytokines and CTCs in the ovarian cancer (OC) chemosensitivity are few and contradictory.
Aim of the study. To assess the IL-17A, IL-18 levels and the number of CTCs in primary patients with OC before treatment and after 3 courses of standard platinum-containing chemotherapy, and the possibility of using these cytokines as a marker of the presence of CTCs.
Materials and methods. The study included 72 patients with OC. The comparison group included 16 patients with benign ovarian tumors, the control group included 20 healthy women. The number of CTCs (CD45-/EpCam+/CK+) was determined immunofluorometrically before and after 3 courses of chemotherapy. The content of cytokines was assessed by ELISA. Statistica 13.0, jamovi 1.6.5.0 were used for data processing.
Results. The level of IL-17A in blood in the benign tumors group was increased in comparison with OC (р=0.012) and control (р=0.042). The content of IL-17A increased over time in the subgroup of adjuvant chemotherapy (р=0.017). During treatment, IL-17A was higher among patients with platinum-sensitive tumors than with non-sensitive ones (р=0.054). High levels of IL-18 before treatment were associated with the development of platinum-refractory relapse (р=0.014). IL-18 levels before (р=0.027) and during treatment (p=0.052) were lower in patients with cytoreductive surgery in first line of treatment. Progression-free survival (PFS) (p = 0.012) and overall survival (OS) (p = 0.030) were lower in the cluster with high IL-18 and pretreatment leukocyte counts than in the cluster with low scores. Higher quantity of the pretreatment CTCs was associated with longer PFS in a multivariate analysis (HR 0.82 95% CI 0.69–0.98, р=0.028). The number of CTCs before treatment greater than 5 was associated with a decrease in OS (HR 1.31, 95% CI 0.98–1.73, р=0.064).
Conclusions. A high level of IL-17A in the blood during treatment is associated with more favorable clinical characteristics of OC, while a high level of IL-18 in the blood before treatment is associated with less favorable characteristics and a worse prognosis. The number of CTCs in patients with OC is not related to the blood levels of IL-17A and IL-18. A greater number of CTCs before treatment in OC is associated with an increase in PFS, but a decrease in overall survival.
Assessment of prognostic factors in extracranial germ cell tumors in children
Authors: Salieva Symbat , Boranbayeva Riza , Zhumadullayev Bakhram , Sarsekbayev Ergali , Bydanov Oleg
Published: December 2021

Germ cell neoplasms in the group of benign and malignant tumors heterogeneous in morphological structure, clinical features and prognosis. A special characteristic of germ cell tumors is their high sensitivity to platinum-containing chemotherapy, which allows cure of up to 80–90% patients. However 20–25% of patients with a common type have overall survival rate of less than 50%.
The aim of the study is to assess the survival rate of children with extracranial germ cell tumors and to identify adverse risk factors.
Methods. The study includes 116 children with extracranial germ cell tumors treated from 2013 to September 2009. Treatment consisted of tumor resection and platinum based on platinum chemotherapy. Survival rate was assessed by the Kaplan-Mayer method. Prognostic factors are determined according to IGCCCG, MaGIC, MAKEI, RODO.
Results. Overall and event free survival rates were 79±5% and 76±4%, respectively. The worst overall survival had patients with extragonadal tumors, advanced stages of a disease, high initial level of AFP (≥10 000 ng/ml), non-seminoma version of state treasury bills and extra pulmonary metastases.
Conclusion. Survival rate in children with extracranial germ cell tumors depends on the prognostic factors. Statistically significant predictors of the poor prognosis were extragonadal localization of a tumor and the AFP level ≥10 000 ng/ml.
Exámenes de idiomas para ciudadanía
Authors: Garcia Laborda Jesus , Fernandez Alvarez Miguel
Published: December 2021

Las pruebas de ciudadanía y naturalización existen desde hace más de un siglo. Conocer su justificación y su importancia internacional implica su propia revisión. Este artículo comienza por definir sus principales características, centrándose en sus dos componentes principales: lengua y cultura. La diferencia en los niveles de competencia en el Marco de Referencia Común Europeo es especialmente relevante. Inmediatamente después, miramos los diferentes exámenes en diferentes países. Una parte importante del trabajo está dirigida al uso de la tecnología en la evaluación y preparación de exámenes enfatizando sus beneficios y dificultades. Adicionalmente, el trabajo también destaca la oportunidad en este momento para su implementación en la red a pesar de los problemas académicos y sociales actuales.
Metáforas, representación discursiva y migración venezolana en el Perú: hacia un análisis crítico-cognitivo del discurso de la prensa escrita peruana
Authors: Domínguez Chenguayen Frank Joseph , Conchacalle Cáceres Diana Ibelice , Malca Belén Marco Antonio
Published: December 2021

En el marco de la corriente teórica denominada Lingüística Cognitiva, desarrollamos un análisis crítico-cognitivo del discurso sobre cómo la prensa escrita nacional representa, discursivamente, la migración venezolana en el Perú. Específicamente, analizamos las metáforas involucradas con una serie de ideologías en relación conesta población extranjera, recientemente asentada en dicho país. Los discursos analizados evidencian creencias colectivas en las que estos grupos minoritarios constituyen una amenaza para la población local en dos sentidos. En primer lugar, la conceptualización del territorio como recipiente, entre otras metáforas, supone un riesgo en el que el migrante empieza a saturar espacios geográficos. En segundo lugar, la conceptualización del migrante como un organismo insalubre, entre otras metáforas, implica también una amenaza, pero ya noal territorio, sino a sus habitantes. A partir de estos mecanismos metafóricos, entre otros, la prensa peruana (re)crea una serie de imágenes negativas en torno a estos migrantes.
Venezuelan migrants in Spain
Authors: Issel-Dombert Sandra
Published: December 2021

Venezuela is experiencing an unprecedented exodus as a result of ongoing political, economic and humanitarian crises. While the majority of emigrants remain in neighbouring Latin American countries, the US and Europe are also among the preferred destinations. The way migrants are covered in the media shapes public opinion and has an impact on their integration into society. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to examine the coverage of Venezuelan migrants in the Spanish press in a timeframe from 2015 to 2020. For this purpose, a linguistic discourse analysis is conducted. The results contrast with the current state of research. With the help of the sociological "othering"-theory and the concept of the so-called "aporofobia", it is possible to explain how the image of good (and "bad") migrants is discursively constructed.
Language in the Americas: Out of Beringia
Authors: Francis Norbert
Published: December 2021

Linguistically, the Western Hemisphere harbors a great typologicaldiversity, by some estimates, the greatest in the world. Controversyregarding classification aside, much work lies ahead to identify themovements up through to include the final leg of the journey ofmodern humans, in terms of distance travelled from our continent oforigin, to Tierra del Fuego. This article will briefly summarize theadvances that the language sciences have made in describing thesemigrations and the languages that accompanied them, to then discussviable proposals for collaboration with other fields. Such an interdisciplinaryprogram of study is necessary because the tools of linguisticsdo not suffice. Continuing work on the processes of origin, dispersionand convergence will help us better understand fundamentalproperties of language. Research on the description of individuallanguages and how they can be classified will contribute to thisunderstanding. For speakers and students of the American languages,these advances will also contribute to the recovery of the culturalheritage that is associated with historical language change.
Como a gamificação contribui para melhorar o desempenho da área de vendas?
Authors: Martins da Rocha Elenise Angélica , De Jesus Pacheco Diego Augusto , Medeiros Pereira Giancarlo
Published: December 2021

Este artículo analiza el uso de la Gamificación en la formación de vendedores de calzado durante cuatro años, a través de la investigación-acción. La implementación del programa de capacitación se llevó a cabo durante los ciclos de implementación, generando mejoras y aprendizajes para la empresa. En general, los resultados de la investigación permitieron minimizar futuros problemas de desempeño en el área de ventas. Los hallazgos de la investigación indican que la Gamificación mejoró el desempeño de los vendedores principalmente en las siguientes dimensiones: argumentos de venta, conocimiento del producto y alternativas para cerrar la venta. El proceso de Gamificación implementado indicó oportunidades para mejorar el contenido de la formación, el análisis del proceso de aprendizaje y la percepción de la realidad que brindan los juegos. Este estudio contribuye a señalar beneficios y requisitos para la aplicación de la Gamificación en la formación de vendedores. La elección de la investigación-acción como metodología y el uso de ciclos de mejora y aprendizaje aumentaron la eficiencia global de la formación, permitiendo una toma de decisiones más rápida, generando mejores resultados y permitiendo la replicación de buenas decisiones y la corrección de errores entre ciclos.
Strategi Komunikasi Pencegahan Trafficking Berbasis Komunitas di Kabupaten Garut
Authors: Mujianto Haryadi , Fanaqi Chotijah , Raturahmi
Published: December 2021

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui Strategi Komunikasi pencegahan trafficking yang dilakukan oleh Dinas Sosial Kabupaten Garut dengan merangkul komunitas masyarakat di Kabupaten Garut. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan teknik wawancara, observasi, studi pustaka, dan dokumentasi untuk pengumpulan data agar mendapatkan data yang objektif. Hasil dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa besarnya partisipasi komunitas masyarakat lokal dalam upaya pencegahan trafficking turut membantu pemerintah menurunkan angka tindak trafficking yang semakin tinggi. Fungsi organisasi dalam KPI (Koalisi Perempuan Indonesia) dan FKPM (Forum Komunikasi Polisi Masyarakat) di Kabupaten Garut berjalan cukup efektif dalam Pada fungsi informasi, KPI dan FKPM menjadi mitra dinas Sosial dalam menSosialisasikan tindak trafficking pada masyarakat. Pada fungsi regulatif, KPI dan FKPM turut memberikan edukasi berupa Sosialisasi UU berkenaan dengan hukuman yang bisa dipidanakan kepada pelaku trafficking. Pada fungsi persuasif dan integratif, KPI dan FKPM selaku mitra dinsos mengajak dan membuka diri pada masyarakat untuk tidak segan melaporkan kasus yang berkenaan dengan tindak trafficking di lingkungannya masing-masing. Hal ini sebagai upaya untuk memutus mata rantai tindak trafficking yang selama ini tidak disadari oleh masyarakat awam.
Application of da Vinci robots in the surgery of selected human cancers
Authors: Jamal Yusuf , Al-Khodairy Fahad
Published: December 2021

The discovery of da Vinci surgical systems significantly contributed to cancer surgeries worldwide, however, the clinical and oncological outcomes are still debatable. Many retrospective studies have highlighted the advantage of robotic surgery over laparoscopic or open surgical procedures for various cancers, however, more multicentered, coordinated, random clinical trials must be conducted to outline the specific advantages of da Vinci robots. They have been widely used in cancer surgeries, however, higher operative cost and comparable oncological outcomes with laparoscopic approaches further forced manufacturers to come up with affordable and efficient specialized robotic surgery systems. Nevertheless, robotic surgery using da Vinci robots has been widely accepted for hysterectomy and prostatectomy over the laparoscopic procedure and this review briefly discusses da Vinci robots in the surgery of various human cancers and their clinical outcomes.
Coraje para enfrentar el COVID-19
Authors: Vargas Pedro E.
Published: December 2021

Los llamados a la solidaridad, a la justicia social, a la beneficencia, y, a la no maleficencia, son todos y han sido, llamados de los valores de la bioética para la enseñanza y para la práctica médicas, ayer, durante la pandemia de COVID-19, y siempre.
Son pocos en estas lides, como mentores o como profesionales de la medicina, que no hayan honrado ese llamado. A veces pareciera no ser así, porque el ruido de los pocos es, no solo detestable, sino asfixiante. Pero comenzamos a ver resultados de ese cumplimiento, no con el Juramento Hipocrático, sino con el Otro, con el prójimo, con quien busca conocer cómo preservar la salud y con quién recuperarla. Precisamente con aquel y aquellos que en la confidencialidad ponen su vida y su bienestar en manos de la ciencia y en el calor de una práctica humanista.
Jan Blommaert, 4 november 1961 – 7 januari 2021
Authors: Maly Ico
Published: December 2021

In januari 2021 overleed Jan Blommaert. Deze bijdrage blikt terug op zijn uitgebreide academische carrière en zijn talrijke bijdrage aan de sociale wetenschappen.
Tek Parti Dönemine Althusserci Bir Bakış: Bir İdeolojik Aygıt Olarak Köy Enstitüleri
Authors: KÖSECE Yasin , YILMAZ İbrahim , KARAKOÇ Rıfat
Published: December 2021

Bu çalışmanın temel amacı, Tek Parti dönemini Althusserci bir bakışla analiz ederek bu dönemde kurulan ve 1954 yılında Demokrat Parti iktidarında kapatılan Köy Enstitülerini, Althusser’in ideoloji kavramı bağlamında değerlendirmek ve tarihsel süreç içerisinde özellikle Devletin İdeoloji Aygıtları (DİA) kavramı çerçevesinde bu kurumu ele almaktır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda öncelikle ideoloji kavramı farklı yazarların görüşleriyle irdelenmiş sonrasında Althusser’in ideoloji kavramına bakışına ve DİA kuramına yer verilmiştir. Konunun daha iyi anlaşılabilmesi için Tek Parti döneminde gerçekleşen olaylar ve bu dönemde kurulan diğer DİA’lar ele alınmıştır. Köy Enstitüleri hem eğitim reformları hem de Tek Parti döneminde hâkim olan Kemalist ideoloji kapsamında incelenmiştir. İdeolojik olduğu kadar kalkınma amacıyla da kurulan Köy Enstitüleri’nin, kurulduğu köylerde hem ideolojik hem de kalkınma amaçları gerçekleştirdiği görülmektedir. Ancak Enstitüler, toplumda ve siyasal alanda ideolojik yönlerinin ön plana çıkarılmasından dolayı siyasi bir mana yüklenmişler ve Enstitülerin köylerin kalkınmasına yönelik rolü arka planda kalmıştır. Sonuç olarak Köy Enstitülerinin bir DİA olarak değerlendirilebileceği görülmektedir. Fakat iktidar partisinin Köy Enstitülerine yönelik eleştirilerin etkisinde kalarak hareket ettiği ve kurucusu olduğu Köy Enstitülerini zamanla etkisizleştirdiği anlaşılmaktadır. İktidarın 1950 yılında el değiştirmesiyle Köy Enstitülerinin kapatılması daha sık gündeme gelmiş ve 1954 yılında kapatılmıştır.
Sibel Filminin Ekonomi Politiği: Yapım Sürecinin Yansımaları
Authors: COŞKUN Mesut
Published: December 2021

SSinema endüstrisi içinde, bağımsız filmler genel ve basit bir tanımlama ile yönetmenin finans desteğini genellikle kendi sağladığı, herhangi bir yapımcıya bağlı kalınmayan, gişe kaygısı gütmeyen, sanat adına yapılan filmler olarak kabul edilmektedir. Çalışma konumuz olan Sibel filmi, Eurimages desteğiyle çekilen dört farklı ülkenin destek verdiği ortak yapım bir sinema filmidir. Çalışma Sibel filminin yapım sürecine ve üretim koşullarına odaklanmıştır. Bunun için filmde çalışan profesyonellerle ve film yapım sürecinde katkıları bulunan Kuşdili köy muhtarı ve ıslık (kuşdili) öğretmeni ile yüz yüze yarı yapılandırılmış sorularla görüşme yapılmıştır. Bu görüşmelerle, çok dilli ve çok kültürlü ortak yapım ekibiyle birlikte, Kuşköy sakinlerinin, ekonomik, sosyal ve kültürel iletişimi de analiz edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Filmin ön yapım aşaması olan fikrin, senaryoya dönüşmesi ve çekime karar verilmesinden, gösterimine kadar olan süreç ve bu süreçte karşılaşılan sorunlar, üretilen çözümler ile hem Türkiye’ye, hem örnek filme özgü koşullar irdelenmeye çalışılmıştır.
Çocuk Gelişimci Adaylarının Bağlanma Stillerinin Şiddet İçeren ve Şiddet İçermeyen Suç Davranışlarına Etkisinin İncelenmesi
Authors: DELEŞ Bayram , EMRE Oğuz , ULUTAŞ KESKİNKILIÇ Ayşegül
Published: December 2021

Bağlanma stilleri, bireylerin yaşamında ve sosyal ilişkilerinde önemli bir yere sahiptir. Bağlanma, bireyin başka bir bireyden yakınlık bekleme eğilimi ve kendini güvende hissetmesi olarak ifade edilmektedir. Bu çalışmada bağlanma stillerinin şiddet içeren ve şiddet içermeyen suç davranışlarına etkisinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Nicel araştırma yöntemi ilişkisel tarama modeli kullanılarak gerçekleştirilen araştırmanın verileri 2019/2020 eğitim öğretim yılında Avrasya Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Çocuk Gelişimi bölümünde öğrenim gören 253 öğrenciden toplanmıştır. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak ‘Demografik Bilgi Formu’, ‘Üç Boyutlu Bağlanma Stilleri Ölçeği’ ve ‘Şiddet İçeren ve Şiddet İçermeyen Suç Davranışları Ölçeği’ kullanılmıştır. Araştırma verileri SPSS veri analiz programı ile analiz edilmiştir. Değişkenlerin ve bağlanmanın suç davranışlarına etkisi Lineer regresyon analizi ile test edilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda cinsiyet, yaş, anne baba öğrenim düzeyi ve anne baba tutumu değişkenlerinin bireylerin bağlanma stillerini etkilediği tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca güvenli bağlanma stiline sahip olan bireylerin şiddet içeren ve şiddet içermeyen suç davranışlarının düşük olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
İlkokul Öğrencilerinin Okul Kavramına Yönelik Algıları: Metafor Çalışması
Authors: ERTÜRK Ramazan
Published: December 2021

İlkokul öğrencilerinin okul kavramına yönelik metaforik algılarını belirlemeyi amaçlayan araştırmanın çalışma grubunu kolay ulaşılabilir durum örneklemesine göre belirlenen Bolu ili Yeniçağa ilçesinde bulunan üç ilkokulda 2017-2018 eğitim-öğretim yılında öğrenim gören 124 ilkokul öğrencisi oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada nitel araştırma desenlerinden durum çalışması tekniği kullanılmıştır. Veriler yarı yapılandırılmış sorulardan oluşan form kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Toplanan veriler nitel araştırma desenine uygun olarak içerik analizi ile çözümlenmiştir. Elde edilen veriler doğrultusunda kodlar ve kavramsal kategoriler oluşturulmuştur. Kodlar ve kavramsal kategoriler belirlenirken iki uzmanın görüşüne başvurulmuştur. Verileri daha iyi yorumlayabilmek için yüzde ve frekanslara yer verilmiştir. Araştırma sonucuna göre, öğrencileri okul kavramına yönelik 32 metafor üretmişlerdir. Öğrenciler okul kavramını en çok lunapark, oyun, ev, aile, yuva, güneş, harita, pusula, anne, fener ve tiyatro metaforlarıyla açıklamışlardır. Öğrencilerin okul kavramına yönelik ürettikleri metaforlar güvenli ve huzur verici okul, eğlendirici okul, aydınlatıcı ve bilgilendirici okul, yönlendirici okul, şekillendirici okul, ve çalışma yeri olarak okul olarak altı kavramsal kategoride toplanmıştır Öğrencilerin okul kavramına yönelik ürettikleri metaforlar en çok güvenli ve huzur verici okul ile eğlendirici okul kategorilerinde yer almaktadır.
Gayrimenkul Yatırım Ortaklığı (GYO)’nın Gelişimi: Türkiye’de Bir GYO Olarak Emlak Konut
Authors: ERDOĞAN Oğuzhan , ÖZASLAN Ahmet
Published: December 2021

Kırdan kente yaşanan göç, nüfus artışı, doğal afetler gibi unsurlar kentleşme sürecini belirlemektedir. Bu unsurlar, kentsel toprak üzerinde yapılaşma sürecini hızlandırmakta ve toprağı sermayenin çekim merkezleri haline getirmektedir. Kent içinde farklı gelir gruplarının ve yapıların olması, konut sunumunda çeşitlenmeyi ortaya çıkarmakta ve daha yaşanabilir mekânların oluşturulmasına zemin hazırlamaktadır. Bu çerçevede konut üretim sürecinde, inşaat sektörünün farklı aktörlerini de içine alan bir yöntem geliştirilmekte ve ülke ekonomisine katkısı için dünya genelinde gayrimenkul sektörüne yönelik finansman sistemleri oluşturulmaktadır. Gayrimenkul Yatırım Ortaklıkları (GYO)’nın kurulması da böyle bir gelişmenin ürünüdür. Buradaki amaç büyük çaplı konut projelerinin gerçekleştirilmesi için finansal kaynak yaratmaktır. Kaynak transferi sağlayan bu ortaklıkların kentsel gelişim ve dönüşüm sürecindeki ve ülke ekonomisinin gelişimindeki rolü büyüktür. Bu çalışmada GYO’nun gelişimi ve mevcut durumu dünya ve Türkiye genelinde ortaya konmuş; konut üretimi açısından ülkemizde Toplu Konut İdaresi (TOKİ) iştiraki ile kurulan Emlak Konut GYO’nun işleyişi irdelenmiş; şirketin 2020 yılı faaliyet raporu verileri yardımıyla tamamlanan ve devam eden projeleri incelenmiştir.
Kötü Huylu Sorunlarla Mücadelede ve Kentsel Dirençlilik Politikalarının Geliştirilmesinde Uyumlanabilir/Uyarlanabilir Yönetişim
Authors: ERSAVAŞ KAVANOZ Suna
Published: December 2021

Bu çalışma 1970’li yıllarla birlikte hâkim ekonomi politikadaki değişiminin yaşandığı dönemlerde, planlama ve ekoloji alanında yayınlanan iki farklı akademik çalışmanın kavramları üzerine kurulmuştur. İlki Holling’in (1973) direnç (resilience) ile ilgili çalışması ve ikincisi ise Rittel ve Webber’in (1973) kötü huylu sorunlar (wicked problems) üzerine çalışmalarıdır. Kötü huylu sorunlar, doğası gereği belirsiz, karmaşık ve zamansal ve mekânsal ölçekte yayılma özelliğine sahiptir. Kentlerin dirençli olmasının önündeki sınırlılıklardan öne çıkanlar yine belirsizlik, ekolojik sistemle ilişkili olarak karmaşıklık ve zamansal ve mekânsal ölçekte yayılmadır. Bunun yanı sıra her iki alan için de çözüm çabalarında birçok paydaşı içermesi gerekliliği söz konusudur. Bu çalışma, benzer sınırlılıklara sahip her iki alanın önündeki sınırlılıkların aşılması için ortak çözüm mücadelesi geliştirilebilir mi? sorusunun cevabını aramak üzerine kuruludur. Her iki alan içinde benzer sorunların/sınırlılıkların mevcudiyetinin ve bunların nasıl yönetilebileceğinin daha iyi anlaşılması sınırlı yanıtları olan kötü huylu sorunları yönetmede ve dolayısıyla kentlerin daha dirençli hale gelmesinde uyarlanabilir/uyumlanabilir yönetişimi ön plana çıkarmaktadır.
Zonguldak’ın Meşhur Bir Unlu Mamulü: Ereğli Pidesi
Authors: BADEM Abdullah , KURT Elif
Published: December 2021

Zonguldak mutfak kültürü incelendiğinde, yörede yetişen çeşitli ot, sebze ve meyveler ile balıkçılık faaliyetlerinin mutfak kültürünün zenginleşmesinde önemli rol oynadıkları görülmektedir. Geniş bir mutfağa sahip yörede, turistlerin ve dışarından gelenlerin deneyimlemek isteyeceği birçok yöresel lezzet yer almaktadır. Somut olmayan kültürel miras kaynaklarından biri olarak nitelendirilen yöresel lezzetler, bölgelerin kendine has karakteristik özellikleri ile şekillenmiş mutfak kültürlerinde gelişerek yöreyi temsil etmeleri, bölge kültürünün tanıtılmasında önemli rol oynamaktadır. Bu kültürel mirasların bilinirliklerinin ve alana ilişkin yapılan çalışmaların az olması, gelecek nesillere aktarılamadan yitirilmelerine neden olmaktadır. Zonguldak’ın Ereğli ilçesine özgü olan Ereğli pidesine ilişkin literatürde fazla bilgi yer almaması ve kaybolma tehlikesine sahip olmasıyla gerçekleştirilen araştırmada, Ereğli pidesinin tanıtılması ve alana kazandırılması amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma, Zonguldak’ın Merkez ve Ereğli ilçelerinde ikamet eden 11 katılımcı ile gerçekleştirilmiş ve konuya ilişkin elde edilen bulgular kayıt altına alınarak sunulmuştur. Bu çalışma sonucunda Ereğli pidesinin Zonguldak’a has bir ürün olduğu, yapımında farklı malzeme ve yöntemlerin kullanılabildiği, orijinal tariflerinde maya kullanılmadığı görülmektedir. Karadeniz Bölgesinin pideler açısından zengin olduğu, birçoğunun coğrafi işaretinin bulunduğu görülmüş olup, aralarındaki ayrımın net yapılabilmesi için kapsamlı bir araştırma ihtiyacı bulunduğu düşünülmektedir.
STRATEGIES AND APPROACH FOR SMART CITY–PORT ECOSYSTEMS DEVELOPMENT SUPPORTED BY THE INTERNET OF THINGS
Authors: Beškovnik Bojan , Bajec Patricija
Published: December 2021

The article presents a new contribution to understanding and building novel phenomena of Smart City–Port (SCP) ecosystems and new approaches for the use of new technical and technological findings. The main aim is to elaborate specific strategies SCP ecosystem can secure in the future and an approach for synchronised SCP development for adaption to growing urbanization, mobility and business development, where all stakeholders would take an active role. Based on analysed literature 19 strategies for common smart development of cities and ports are highlighted. The relatively new phenomena of the Internet of Things (IoT) or Internet of Everything (IoE) can simplify their achievement in SCP ecosystem. Moreover, the proposed 3 level approach for technological development of sensing, monitoring and managing data for spatial, transport, environmental and social policy is used on 2 Northern Adriatic cities and ports. The research provides actual analyses of SCP development at Koper (Slovenia) and Rijeka (Croatia), where the development of ports was carried in a completely different way. The article thus proposes a 2 phase approach to the development of SCP and can be used more widely in building a symbiosis of cities and their ports. Firstly, the need to fulfil the strategy from the set of 19 SCP development strategies should be identified and secondly by using a 3 level approach, with existing technological support a SCP environment can be set.
A new species (Begonia giganticaulis) of Begoniaceae from southern Xizang (Tibet) of China
Authors: Tian Dai-Ke , Wang Wen-Guang , Dong Li-Na , Xiao Yan , Zheng Min-Min , Ge Bin-Jie
Published: December 2021

Begonia giganticaulis, a huge new species in Begonia sect. Platycentrum of Begoniaceae from southern Xizang (Tibet) of China, is described. Morphologically, it is mostly similar to B. longifolia and B. acetosella, but clearly differs from the former mainly by its dioecious and taller plants, sparse hairs on abaxial veins, longer inflorescence, unique shape of fruits, and differs from the latter mainly by its late and longer flowering time, 6-tepals of female flower and 3-loculed ovary. The phylogenetic analyses also support the separation of the new species from other taxa. Based on the current data, its conservation status is assigned to Endangered (B2a) according to the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria.
Report 2 of the Committee for Change and Conservation of Names (CCCN)
Authors: Willner Wolfgang , Čarni Andraž , Fernández-González Federico , Pallas Jens , Theurillat Jean Paul
Published: December 2021

In this Report, three previously published nomenclatural proposals are discussed, and recommendations on acceptance or rejection of these proposals are provided. The proposals concern the following syntaxa: Berberidion Braun-Blanquet 1950, Aceretalia pseudoplataniMoor 1976 and Festucetalia valesiacae Braun-Blanquet et Tüxen ex Braun-Blanquet 1950.

Abbreviations: CCCN = Committee for the Change and Conservation of Names; GPN = Working Group for Phytosociological Nomenclature; ICPN = International Code of Phytosociological Nomenclature.
Les facteurs significatifs du cadre relationnel de la thérapie centrée sur la personne du point de vue des neurosciences
Authors: Lux Michael , Zeller Odile , Soyez Lucile , Gecer Tanja
Published: December 2021

Cet article donne un aperçu des significations possibles des processus neurobiologiques mis en œuvre dans le déploiement de la force constructive du cadre relationnel de la thérapie centrée sur la personne. Ce processus procède grâce à cinq facteurs : la sécurité, la confiance, la synchronisation interpersonnelle, la reformulation de l’ experiencing et l’exploration dialogique de l’ experiencing . Cette contribution présente la manière dont ces facteurs significatifs peuvent exercer une profonde influence sur le système nerveux autonome, sur les messagers chimiques tels que l’ocytocine, sur le couplage neuronal, sur les structures cérébrales régulant les émotions et sur le transfert d’informations entre les deux hémisphères. Par suite, on suppose que dans ce domaine, certains processus neurologiques peuvent accompagner et soutenir tant le déroulement interactif au sein de la relation que le développement des personnes impliquées sur le long terme.
La psychopathologie et le futur de la thérapie centrée sur la personne
Authors: Schiller Andrew , Alleaume Baptiste
Published: December 2021

La question de la psychopathologie au sein de l’Approche centrée sur la personne a toujours été débattue ainsi que son lien avec le modèle médical. Au fil des années et jusqu’à aujourd’hui, trois grandes tendances sont représentées : 1. les partisans du classicisme, où aucune collusion n’est possible entre conception psychologique et conception médicale ; 2. les promoteurs d’un alignement théorique entre le modèle médical et l’Approche centrée sur la personne, afin de mieux diffuser cette dernière au sein du système de santé mentale ; et enfin 3. les partisans d’une coexistence entre la théorie centrée sur la personne et la théorie psychopathologique, sans que cela n’altère l’intégrité théorique de l’Approche centrée sur la personne. Après avoir dressé une analyse de ce qu’est la psychopathologie centrée sur la personne, l’auteur décrit les différentes opinions sur le sujet et ouvre la voie à une possibilité de maintenir des échanges entre le système de santé mentale et l’Approche centrée sur la personne, qui seraient autant enrichissants que respectant les bases et l’efficacité de chaque conception.
Regard sur le soft power chinois
Authors: Cavalli Inès
Published: December 2021

Alors que la crise Covid a mis au jour de nombreuses dépendances des États occidentaux, et en particulier européens, à l’égard de biens et matières stratégiques massivement produits en Chine, et que la rivalité sino-étatsunienne fait régulièrement la une de l’actualité, un rapport publié par l’IRSEM cet automne a fait grand bruit en France. Il porte sur les « opérations d’influence chinoises », autrement dit sur la façon dont Pékin s’immisce dans les entreprises, organisations et institutions étrangères pour asseoir son image et défendre ses intérêts. Il souligne en particulier le basculement qui est en train de s’opérer entre une période (en passe d’être révolue) durant laquelle la Chine usait de son soft power pour séduire à l’international, en donnant d’elle une image très positive, et une nouvelle période marquée par une attitude plus offensive, consistant à susciter la crainte, considérée comme un moyen désormais plus efficace au service des intérêts chinois. Inès Cavalli présente ici les grandes lignes de ce rapport très dense (plus de 600 pages) ; et ce qu’il révèle des ambitions de Pékin et des moyens (notamment technologiques) utilisés pour les servir. S.D.
Géopolitique de la mer : les enjeux des routes arctiques
Authors: Baudu Hervé , Moncany de Saint-Aignan Frédéric
Published: December 2021

Poursuivant notre série consacrée à la mer et aux océans, cet article d’Hervé Baudu et Frédéric Moncany de Saint-Aignan se penche sur une région dont l’intérêt stratégique a été considérablement renforcé par les effets observés et annoncés du changement climatique. Il s’agit de l’espace arctique, situé au pôle Nord de notre planète, concernant au premier rang les cinq pays bordant l’océan Arctique (Canada, Danemark, États-Unis, Norvège et Russie), mais suscitant bien d’autres convoitises depuis que la fonte des glaces libère de nouvelles routes maritimes durant des périodes plus longues dans l’année. Si l’on ajoute à cela les réserves minières qui s’y trouvent (pétrole et gaz en particulier), les conditions pourraient être réunies, entend-on parfois, pour qu’émergent de nouvelles tensions entre les puissances concernées. Comme le montre cet article, certes le changement climatique modifie effectivement la donne dans la région Arctique, ouvrant de nouvelles opportunités stratégiques et commerciales, certes la Russie tend à renforcer ses moyens militaires sur place, et certes la Chine, plus éloignée, s’y intéresse fortement, suscitant l’inquiétude des États-Unis. Mais le droit international et les outils de gouvernance mis en place entre les pays concernés ont fait leurs preuves jusqu’ici. Qu’en sera-t-il à l’avenir ?  S.D.
Quel avenir pour la Constitution administrative de la France ?
Authors: Teyssier Arnaud
Published: December 2021

L’originalité et la force du modèle politique français résultaient du fait que l’État s’appuyait sur deux piliers, affirme Arnaud Teyssier, l’un d’essence politique, l’autre de nature administrative, une « Constitution administrative » dont Bonaparte avait jeté les bases. De Gaulle avait bien compris l’intérêt d’un tel attelage entre la sphère politique et la sphère administrative, et s’était attaché, après la Libération, à le restaurer, considérant que la démocratie relevait du politique, celui-ci étant sujet aux fluctuations de l’opinion et inévitablement court-termiste, tandis que la République devait sa force à une administration solide et pérenne, incarnant l’intérêt général, capable de penser le long terme tout en affrontant les urgences. Nos lecteurs comprendront que l’auteur, en nous livrant cette interprétation, plaide la cause d’une administration incomprise et aujourd’hui menacée. Si la démocratie est en crise et les institutions fragilisées, cela résulte à ses yeux de la destruction, depuis 30 ans, de cet heureux équilibre, notamment de la remise en cause de la « Constitution administrative » du fait d’une ignorance de sa spécificité, et de la confusion des rôles entre le politique et l’administration. Arnaud Teyssier dénonce ici le démantèlement de cette dernière, soumise à une double critique, celle de son omniprésence et celle de son impuissance ; il milite ainsi pour la restauration d’un État rétabli sur ses deux pieds, y compris donc d’une administration publique garante des institutions et stratège. Un point de vue solidement argumenté, mais qui ne manquera pas de susciter le débat. H.J.
L’Europe prise au piège des migrations ?
Authors: Drevet Jean-François
Published: December 2021

Six ans après l’épisode de la crise migratoire de 2015 qui s’était soldé par un marchandage contesté entre l’Union européenne et la Turquie pour contenir l’afflux de réfugiés en provenance de Syrie, une nouvelle crise a éclaté cet automne 2021, cette fois aux portes de la Pologne, alimentée par les autorités biélorusses en guise de riposte aux sanctions européennes à leur égard. Alors que dans de nombreux pays européens, les partis populistes gagnent du terrain et assoient leurs arguments sur la lutte contre l’immigration et l’islamisme auquel ils l’associent, les questions migratoires prennent une place croissante dans les débats publics — à droite comme à gauche de l’échiquier politique. Et dans ces débats, il n’est pas rare que les pourfendeurs de l’immigration pointent la responsabilité de l’Union européenne. Or, comme le montre cette chronique, les choses ne sont pas si simples. Certes, l’Union européenne a favorisé la libre circulation des personnes au sein de l’Union, et donc les migrations intraeuropéennes (répondant aussi, de la sorte, à de réels besoins de main-d’œuvre des États membres les plus développés). Mais la gestion des flux migratoires en provenance de pays extérieurs et l’intégration des migrants relèvent des politiques nationales ; chacun a donc sa partition à jouer en la matière : à l’Union européenne de faire en sorte de disposer d’une politique migratoire efficace, concertée et ne faisant pas porter toute la charge sur les États membres situés à ses frontières extérieures ; et aux États de revoir leurs politiques nationales d’intégration pour ne pas faire le jeu des extrêmes de tous bords. S.D.
Naturam superat . Le roi et les machines dans les tapisseries des Gobelins
Authors: Lafage Gaëlle
Published: December 2021

Cet article porte sur deux tapisseries représentant des spectacles à machines, l’ Hiver (tenture des Saisons ) et Janvier (tenture des Mois ), conçues par la Petite Académie et Charles Le Brun. Ces deux tapisseries mettent en évidence à la fois le rôle de la manufacture des Gobelins dans la promotion de ces spectacles extraordinaires et le discours développé autour des machines afin de glorifier le roi.
Les scénographies de Torelli pour l’ Andromède de Corneille
Authors: Bayer Stefan
Published: December 2021

Cet article examine les six scénographies réalisées par Giacomo Torelli pour la création de l’Andromède de Pierre Corneille. Sur la base du texte et des images, il montre que la conception de Torelli respecte l’unité de lieu, mais décompose le cadre de l’action dans des perspectives séparées comme une juxtaposition. L’accent est mis ici sur le lien sémantique entre la perspective scénique et l’action présentée devant elle, afin de montrer clairement que les scénographies de Torelli sont conçues comme un renforcement esthétique de l’action mise en scène. Cela inclut également l’utilisation de machines volantes pour séparer les dieux des humains via la direction du mouvement vertical ou pour faire disparaître les monstres dans le plancher du théâtre. Tout cela se fait à l’aide d’une utilisation élaborée des machines, ce qui augmente le caractère spectaculaire de la pièce de théâtre. Un deuxième aspect qui mérite l’attention dans ce contexte est la pratique de Torelli qui consiste à réutiliser des scénographies individuelles (ou des pièces détachées) dans différentes pièces de théâtre.
Des voix sans corps. Figures de pouvoir dans la tragédie en musique Zoroastre (1749)
Authors: Kappeler Annette
Published: December 2021

Zoroastre est une des tragédies en musique les plus exceptionnelles de son temps : elle efface le prologue qui avait, depuis ses origines, revendiqué son rapport avec la monarchie et fait paraître les représentations du souverain en tant que voix désincarnées au lieu de les présenter dans leur éclat visuel traditionnel. Ces entrées se basent sur une théorie des Lumières qui attribue à l’ouïe un accès direct au monde, contrairement à la vue qui porte le risque d’éblouissement. Elles ont le pouvoir de fonder une pensée scientifique et de mettre en question les fondements de l’absolutisme.