bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Risk factors for achieving textbook outcome after laparoscopic duodenum-preserving total pancreatic head resection: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Wu Yi , Wujimaimaiti Nuerabula , Yuan Jingxiong , Li Shizhen , Zhang Hang , Wang Min , Qin Renyi
Published: March 2023

Introduction:

The risk factors for achieving textbook outcome (TO) after laparoscopic duodenum-preserving total pancreatic head resection (LDPPHR-t) are unknown, and no relevant articles have been reported so far. The aim of this study was to identify the risk factors for achieving TO after LDPPHR-t.

Methods:

The risk factors for achieving TO after LDPPHR-t were retrospectively evaluated by logistic regression analysis in 31 consecutive patients from May 2020 to December 2021.

Results:

All LDPPHR-t procedures were successfully performed without conversion. There was no death within 90 days after surgery and no readmission within 30 days after discharge. The percentage of achieving TO after LDPPHR-t was 61.3% (19/31). Among the six TO items, the postoperative complication of grade B/C postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) occurred most frequently with 22.6%, followed by grade B/C bile leakage with 19.4%, Clavien–Dindo≥III complications with 19.4%, and grade B/C postpancreatectomy hemorrhage with 16.1%. POPF was the major obstacle to achieve TO after LDPPHR-t. Placing an endoscopic nasobiliary drainage (ENBD) catheter and prolonged operation time (>311 min) were significantly associated with the decreased probability of achieving TO after LDPPHR-t (odd ratio (OR), 25.775; P=0.012 and OR, 16.378; P=0.020, respectively). Placing an ENBD catheter was the only significant independent risk factor for POPF after LDPPHR-t (OR, 19.580; P=0.017). Bile leakage was the independent risk factor for postpancreatectomy hemorrhage after LDPPHR-t (OR, 15.754; P=0.040). The prolonged operation time was significantly correlated with Clavien–Dindo grade≥III complications after LDPPHR-t (OR, 19.126; P=0.024).

Conclusion:

Placing the ENBD catheter was the independent risk factor for POPF and achieving TO after LDPPHR-t. In order to reduce POPF and increase the probability of achieving TO, placing an ENBD catheter should be avoided prior to LDPPHR-t.
Effect of body habitus on surgical outcomes following bilateral axillo-breast approach robotic thyroidectomy: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Park Yeshong , Yu Hyeong Won , Lee Ja Kyung , Choi Jee-Hye , Kim Woochul , Kwak JungHak , Kim Su-jin , Chai Young Jun , Suh Hyunsuk , Choi June Young , Lee Kyu Eun
Published: March 2023

Introduction:

BMI has been shown to predict perioperative outcomes in patients undergoing surgery. Most studies assessing the role of body habitus in thyroid surgery have focused on open surgery, with few studies assessing patients undergoing robotic surgery. The present study evaluated the effects of BMI on surgical outcomes in patients undergoing bilateral axillo-breast approach (BABA) robotic thyroidectomy.

Materials and methods:

This study included patients who underwent BABA robotic thyroidectomy between January 2013 and September 2021 at Seoul National University Bundang Hospital. Patients were categorized into six groups based on the WHO classification of overweight and obesity. Clinicopathological characteristics, postoperative complications, and surgical outcomes were evaluated.

Results:

A total of 1921 patients were included. Comparisons of the six BMI groups showed no statistically significant differences in postoperative stay, resection margin involvement, postoperative complications, and recurrence. Subgroup analysis showed that hypocalcemia rates differed among BMI groups in patients who underwent lobectomy, with underweight and class II obese patients being at the highest risk (P=0.006). However, the actual number of complications was relatively small and similar among the groups. In patients who underwent total thyroidectomy and isthmectomy, BMI was not correlated with postoperative complications, including hypocalcemia, recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy, postoperative bleeding, and chyle leakage.

Conclusion:

Body habitus was not significantly associated with operative time and postoperative complications in patients undergoing BABA robotic thyroidectomy, indicating that this approach is safe and feasible in obese patients.
Development and validation of prognostic model based on extragastric lymph nodes metastasis and lymph node ratio in node-positive gastric cancer: a retrospective cohort study based on a multicenter database
Authors: Zeng Yi , Cai Fenglin , Wang Pengliang , Wang Xinyu , Liu Yong , Zhang Li , Zhang Rupeng , Chen Luchuan , Liang Han , Ye Zaisheng , Deng Jingyu
Published: March 2023

Background:

Regional lymph node metastasis (LNM) is a competent and the most intensive predictor for the prognostic evaluation of patients after curative surgery. This study is based on the databases of two large medical centers in North and South China. It aims to establish a prognostic model based on extragastric LNM (ELNM) and lymph node ratio (LNR) in node-positive gastric cancer (GC).

Methods:

Clinical data of 874 GC patients with pathologically confirmed LNM in a large medical center in southern China, were included as the training cohort. In addition, the clinical data of 674 patients with pathologically confirmed LNM from a large medical center in northern China were used as the validation cohort.

Results:

In the training cohort, a modified N staging system (mNstage) based on ELNM and LNR was established; it has a significantly higher prognostic accuracy than the pN, LNR and ELNM staging system (Akaike Information Criterion, pN stage vs. LNR stage vs. ELNM stage vs. mN stage=5498.479 vs. 5537.815 vs. 5569.844 vs. 5492.123; Bayesian Information Criterion, pN stage vs. LNR stage vs. ELNM stage vs. mN stage=5512.799 vs. 5547.361 vs. 5574.617 vs. 5506.896; likelihood-ratio χ
2, pN stage vs. LNR stage vs. ELNM stage vs. mN stage=177.7 vs. 149.8 vs. 115.79 vs. 183.5). In the external validation, mNstage also has higher prognostic accuracy than the pN, LNR and ELNM staging system. Cox multivariate regression analysis showed that age, mNstage, pT stage, and perineural invasion were independent factors. A nomogram model was established according to the four factors (age, mNstage, pT stage, and perineural invasion). The nomogram model was greater than the traditional tumor–node–metastasis (TNM) staging in the training cohort [1-year area under the curve (AUC), American Joint Commission for Cancer (AJCC) 8th TNM vs. nomogram=0.692 vs. 0.746, 3-year AUC: AJCC 8th TNM vs. nomogram=0.684 vs. 0.758, 5-year AUC: AJCC 8th TNM vs. nomogram=0.725 vs. 0.762]. In the external validation, the nomogram also showed better prognostic value and greater prediction accuracy than the traditional TNM staging.

Conclusion:

The prognostic model based on ELNM and LNR has good prognostic prediction in patients with node-positive GC.
Prediction of conditional survival in esophageal cancer in a population-based cohort study
Authors: Xie Shao-Hua , Santoni Giola , Bottai Matteo , Gottlieb-Vedi Eivind , Lagergren Pernilla , Lagergren Jesper
Published: March 2023

Background:

The authors aimed to produce a prediction model for survival at any given date after surgery for esophageal cancer (conditional survival), which has not been done previously.

Materials and Methods:

Using joint density functions, the authors developed and validated a prediction model for all-cause and disease-specific mortality after surgery with esophagectomy, for esophageal cancer, conditional on postsurgery survival time. The model performance was assessed by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and risk calibration, with internal cross-validation. The derivation cohort was a nationwide Swedish population-based cohort of 1027 patients treated in 1987–2010, with follow-up throughout 2016. This validation cohort was another Swedish population-based cohort of 558 patients treated in 2011–2013, with follow-up throughout 2018.

Results:

The model predictors were age, sex, education, tumor histology, chemo(radio)therapy, tumor stage, resection margin status, and reoperation. The medians of AUC after internal cross-validation in the derivation cohort were 0.74 (95% CI: 0.69–0.78) for 3-year all-cause mortality, 0.76 (95% CI: 0.72–0.79) for 5-year all-cause mortality, 0.74 (95% CI: 0.70–0.78) for 3-year disease-specific mortality, and 0.75 (95% CI: 0.72–0.79) for 5-year disease-specific mortality. The corresponding AUC values in the validation cohort ranged from 0.71 to 0.73. The model showed good agreement between observed and predicted risks. Complete results for conditional survival any given date between 1 and 5 years of surgery are available from an interactive web-tool: https://sites.google.com/view/pcsec/home.

Conclusion:

This novel prediction model provided accurate estimates of conditional survival any time after esophageal cancer surgery. The web-tool may help guide postoperative treatment and follow-up.
Development and validation of a preoperative nomogram for predicting the surgical difficulty of laparoscopic colectomy for right colon cancer: a retrospective analysis
Authors: Yu Ao , Li Yuekai , Zhang Haifeng , Hu Guanbo , Zhao Yuetang , Guo Jinghao , Wei Meng , Yu Wenbin , Yan Zhibo
Published: March 2023

Background:

In laparoscopic right hemicolectomy for right colon cancer, complete mesocolic excision is a standard procedure that involves extended lymphadenectomy and blood vessel ligation. This study aimed to establish a nomogram to facilitate evaluation of the surgical difficulty of laparoscopic right hemicolectomy based on preoperative parameters.

Materials and methods:

The preoperative clinical and computed tomography-related parameters, operative details, and postoperative outcomes were analyzed. The difficulty of laparoscopic colectomy was defined using the scoring grade reported by Escal et al. with modifications. Multivariable logistic analysis was performed to identify parameters that increased the surgical difficulty. A preoperative nomogram to predict the surgical difficulty was established and validated.

Results:

A total of 418 consecutive patients with right colon cancer who underwent laparoscopic radical resection at a single tertiary medical center between January 2016 and May 2022 were retrospectively enrolled. The patients were randomly assigned to a training data set (n=300, 71.8%) and an internal validation data set (n=118, 28.2%). Meanwhile, an external validation data set with 150 consecutive eligible patients from another tertiary medical center was collected. In the training data set, 222 patients (74.0%) comprised the non-difficulty group and 78 (26.0%) comprised the difficulty group. Multivariable analysis demonstrated that adipose thickness at the ileocolic vessel drainage area, adipose area at the ileocolic vessel drainage area, adipose density at the ileocolic vessel drainage area, presence of the right colonic artery, presence of type III Henle’s trunk, intra-abdominal adipose area, plasma triglyceride concentration, and tumor diameter at least 5 cm were independent risk factors for surgical difficulty; these factors were included in the nomogram. The nomogram incorporating seven independent predictors showed a high C-index of 0.922 and considerable reliability, accuracy, and net clinical benefit.

Conclusions:

The study established and validated a reliable nomogram for predicting the surgical difficulty of laparoscopic colectomy for right colon cancer. The nomogram may assist surgeons in preoperatively evaluating risk and selecting appropriate patients.
Preoperative volume of the optic chiasm is an easily obtained predictor for visual recovery of pituitary adenoma patients following endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal surgery: a cohort study
Authors: Zhang Yang , Chen Chaoyue , Huang Wei , Teng Yuen , Shu Xin , Zhao Fumin , Xu Jianguo , Zhang Lei
Published: March 2023

Background:

Predicting the postoperative visual outcome of pituitary adenoma patients is important but remains challenging. This study aimed to identify a novel prognostic predictor which can be automatically obtained from routine MRI using a deep learning approach.

Materials and methods:

A total of 220 pituitary adenoma patients were prospectively enrolled and stratified into the recovery and nonrecovery groups according to the visual outcome at 6 months after endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal surgery. The optic chiasm was manually segmented on preoperative coronal T2WI, and its morphometric parameters were measured, including suprasellar extension distance, chiasmal thickness, and chiasmal volume. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted on clinical and morphometric parameters to identify predictors for visual recovery. Additionally, a deep learning model for automated segmentation and volumetric measurement of optic chiasm was developed with nnU-Net architecture and evaluated in a multicenter data set covering 1026 pituitary adenoma patients from four institutions.

Results:

Larger preoperative chiasmal volume was significantly associated with better visual outcomes (P=0.001). Multivariate logistic regression suggested it could be taken as the independent predictor for visual recovery (odds ratio=2.838, P<0.001). The auto-segmentation model represented good performances and generalizability in internal (Dice=0.813) and three independent external test sets (Dice=0.786, 0.818, and 0.808, respectively). Moreover, the model achieved accurate volumetric evaluation of the optic chiasm with an intraclass correlation coefficient of more than 0.83 in both internal and external test sets.

Conclusion:

The preoperative volume of the optic chiasm could be utilized as the prognostic predictor for visual recovery of pituitary adenoma patients after surgery. Moreover, the proposed deep learning-based model allowed for automated segmentation and volumetric measurement of the optic chiasm on routine MRI.
Analgesic effects of combined transversus abdominis plane block and intramuscular electrical stimulation in patients undergoing cytoreductive surgery followed by hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Kim Hyun-Chang , Park Jinyoung , Oh Jinyoung , Kim Minjae , Park Eun Jung , Baik Seung Hyuk , Song Young
Published: March 2023

Background:

To evaluate the analgesic efficacy of a four-quadrant transversus abdominis plane (4QTAP) block and a combination of 4QTAP block with needle electrical twitch and intramuscular electrical stimulation (NETOIMS) in patients undergoing cytoreductive surgery (CRS) followed by hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC).

Materials and Methods:

Eighty-one patients who underwent CRS followed by HIPEC were included in this study. Patients were randomly assigned to one of three groups: group 1 (intravenous patient-controlled analgesia, control group), group 2 (preoperative 4QTAP block), and group 3 (preoperative 4QTAP block and postoperative NETOIMS). The primary study endpoint was the pain score assessed by the visual analog scale (VAS: 0, no pain; 10, worst imaginable pain) on postoperative day (POD) 1.

Results:

The VAS pain score on POD 1 was significantly lower in group 2 than in group 1 (6.0±1.7 and 7.6±1.9, P=0.004), whereas that in group 3 was significantly lower than that in groups 1 and 2 (P<0.001 and P=0.004, respectively). Opioid consumption and nausea and vomiting incidence during POD 7 were significantly lower in group 3 than in groups 1 and 2. Gait speed and peak cough flow on POD 4 and 7, as well as the quality of recovery (QoR)-40 score on POD 4, were significantly higher in group 3 than in groups 1 and 2.

Conclusions:

The combination of a 4QTAP block with NETOIMS provided more effective analgesia than a 4QTAP block alone after CRS, followed by HIPEC, and enhanced functional restoration and quality of recovery.
An easy-to-use microfluidic mechano-chemostat for tissues and organisms reveals that confined growth is accompanied with increased macromolecular crowding
Authors: Meriem Zacchari Ben , Mateo Tiphaine , Faccini Julien , Denais Céline , Dusfour-Castan Romane , Guynet Catherine , Merle Tatiana , Suzanne Magali , Di-Luoffo Mickaël , Guillermet-Guibert Julie , Alric Baptiste , Landiech Sylvain , Malaquin Laurent , Mesnilgrente Fabien , Laborde Adrian , Mazenq Laurent , Courson Rémi , Delarue Morgan
Published: March 2023

Conventional culture conditions are oftentimes insufficient to study tissues, organisms, or 3D multicellular assemblies. They lack both dynamic chemical and mechanical control over the microenvironment. While specific microfluidic devices have been developed to address chemical control, they are often hard to use and do not allow the control of compressive forces. Here, we present a set of microfluidic devices which all rely on the use of sliding elements consisting of microfabricated rods that can be inserted inside a microfluidic device. Sliding elements enable the creation of reconfigurable sealed culture chambers for the study of whole organisms or model micro-tissues. By confining the micro-tissues, we studied the biophysical impact of growth-induced pressure and showed that this mechanical stress is associated with an increase in macromolecular crowding, shedding light on this understudied type of mechanical stress. Our mechano-chemostat is an easy-to-use microfluidic device that allows the long-term culture of biological samples and can be used to study both the impact of specific conditions as well as the consequences of mechanical compression.
Who is in the driver's seat? Parvimonas micra: An understudied pathobiont at the crossroads of dysbiotic disease and cancer
Authors: Higashi Dustin L. , Krieger Madeline C. , Qin Hua , Zou Zhengzhong , Palmer Elizabeth A. , Kreth Jens , Merritt Justin
Published: March 2023

Recent advances in our understanding of microbiome composition at sites of inflammatory dysbiosis have triggered a substantial interest in a variety of historically understudied bacteria, especially among fastidious obligate anaerobes. A plethora of new evidence suggests that these microbes play outsized roles in establishing synergistic polymicrobial infections at many different sites in the human body. Parvimonas micra is a prime example of such an organism. Despite being almost completely uncharacterized at the genetic level, it is one of the few species commonly detected in abundance at multiple mucosal sites experiencing either chronic or acute inflammatory diseases, and more recently, it has been proposed as a discriminating biomarker for multiple types of malignancies. In the absence of disease, P. micra is commonly found in low abundance, typically residing within the oral cavity and gastrointestinal tract. P. micra exhibits the typical features of an inflammophilic organism, meaning its growth actually benefits from active inflammation and inflammatory tissue destruction. In this mini‐review, we will describe our current understanding of this underappreciated but ubiquitous pathobiont, specifically focusing upon the role of P. micra in polymicrobial inflammatory dysbiosis and cancer as well as the key emerging questions regarding its pathobiology. Through this timely work, we highlight Parvimonas micra as a significant driver of disease and discuss its unique position at the crossroads of dysbiosis and cancer.
Assessment of circulating insulin using liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry during insulin glargine treatment in type 2 diabetes: Implications for estimating insulin sensitivity and β‐cell function
Authors: Seegmiller Jesse C. , Schmit David J. , Arends Valerie L. , Steffes Michael W. , Kahn Steven E. , Younes Naji ,   the GRADE Research Group
Published: March 2023

Aim

To determine the potential impact of the cross‐reactivity of insulin glargine U‐100 and its metabolites on insulin sensitivity and β‐cell measures in people with type 2 diabetes.

Materials and Methods

Using liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS), we measured concentrations of endogenous insulin, glargine and its two metabolites (M1 and M2) in fasting and oral glucose tolerance test‐stimulated plasma from 19 participants and fasting specimens from another 97 participants 12 months after randomization to receive the insulin glargine. The last dose of glargine was administered before 10:00 PM the night before testing. Insulin was also measured on these specimens using an immunoassay. We used fasting specimens to calculate insulin sensitivity (Homeostatic Model Assessment 2 [HOMA2]‐S%; QUICKI index; PREDIM index) and β‐cell function (HOMA2‐B%). Using specimens following glucose ingestion, we calculated insulin sensitivity (Matsuda ISI[comp] index) and β‐cell response (insulinogenic index [IGI], and total incremental insulin response [iAUC] insulin/glucose).

Results

In plasma, glargine was metabolized to form the M1 and M2 metabolites that were quantifiable by LC–MS; however, the analogue and its metabolites cross‐reacted by less than 100% in the insulin immunoassay. This incomplete cross‐reactivity resulted in a systematic bias of fasting‐based measures. By contrast, because M1 and M2 did not change following glucose ingestion, a bias was not observed for IGI and iAUC insulin/glucose.

Conclusions

Despite glargine metabolites being detected in the insulin immunoassay, dynamic insulin responses can be used to assess β‐cell responsiveness. However, given the cross‐reactivity of the glargine metabolites in the insulin immunoassay, fasting‐based measures of insulin sensitivity and β‐cell function are biased.
Preventive practices and parents' psychological health of children with disabilities after COVID‐19 lockdown in Pakistan
Authors: Ali Anam , Nauman Muhammad , Maqbool Shazia
Published: March 2023

Aim

To find out differences in mental health outcomes between parents of children with different disabilities due to COVID‐19 by determining the relationship between preventive practices, fear and stress in parents of disabled children.

Methods

A sample of 213 parents, whose children with disabilities (age range 1–16 years) were previously on regular follow‐up before pandemic but did not take therapy for 1 year or more during COVID‐19 lockdown and resumed sessions after a gap period, was surveyed. Perceived stress scale, fear and adherence to preventive measures questionnaire (developed by researchers) were used to measure stress, fear response of parents due to COVID‐19 and preventive measures practiced by disabled children respectively.

Results

Parents who had financial difficulties and believed their disabled children had more chance of getting COVID‐19 were more stressed. Parents who received any help from community/government were less stressed. One‐way analysis of variance showed parents of cerebral palsy (CP) children reported more stress of COVID‐19 as compared to parents of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), global developmental delay (GDD) and intellectual disability (ID). Parents of ID children reported more stress than ASD. Parents of CP children had more fear of loss of family members or getting infected with COVID‐19 than GDD parents. ASD, GDD and CP children adhered more to preventive measures than ID children; however, CP children adhered more to preventive measures than GDD children.

Conclusion

COVID‐19 lockdown has persisting impact on mental health of parents of disabled children. Those parents experienced increased levels of stress and fear but reported adherence to preventive measures depending on the child's disability.
Ambivalent Action: Recognizing Bothness in the Narratives of Blackout Tuesday1
Authors: Valen Levinson Adam
Published: March 2023

Theories of behaviour, choice, and action have long presented an “act” as a kind of bottleneck of meaning‐making, where the action is either a cocktail of partial preferences or the survival of one over the rest. I argue that action is often something very (if subtly) different and propose “ambivalent action” as a category of moral action defined by the actor's conflicting intentions, in which the conflict is reified (not resolved) by the act. Situated in past and contemporary context, the term is an interdisciplinary bridge, with links from classical (if vague) theoretic treatments of “ambivalence” to new sociological analogies in the realm of quantum physics. I explore this duality through the case study of #BlackoutTuesday, a social media movement connected with global protests against police brutality and racism. The black square that characterized the movement is best understood as ambivalent action, as an act of two‐fold narrative‐making: “both” silence and speech. The “success” of an ambivalent action in remaining in two narratives at once is determined by the audience.
Description of two new HLA alleles, HLA‐A*26:01:70 and HLA‐A*26:01:74 in Chinese individuals
Authors: Zhao Shuoxian , Dong Lina , He Yanmin , Zhang Wei , Zhu Faming
Published: March 2023

Compared with HLA‐A*26:01:01:01, the alleles HLA‐A*26:01:70, and HLA‐A*26:01:74 each show one nucleotide substitution, respectively.
A Computational Study Evaluating the Effects of Diffuser Length and Pullback Distance on the Ablation Zone During Laser Ablation Treatment of Liver Cancer
Authors: Tan Zhi Q. , Ooi Ean H. , Ooi Ean T.
Published: March 2023

Although laser ablation is not commonly used for liver cancer treatment, there are several benefits that make it an appealing alternative. Nevertheless, investigations on the efficacy of laser ablation for liver cancer have been limited to few clinical trials. Therefore, not much is known regarding the efficacy of the technique especially when operating under different protocols and device parameters. In this study, we performed a numerical study to investigate the effects of diffuser length, power density, and the pullback technique on the coagulation zone formation during laser ablation of spherical liver cancer. The objective is to demarcate the influence of diffuser length from power density and to compare their performance to that when pullback is implemented. Four diffuser lengths (10, 15, 20, and 25 mm), and three pullback distances (5, 10, and 15 mm), were considered. Results showed that laser power density is a factor that limits the coagulation zone size when the diffuser length increases. A longer diffuser must be accompanied by an increase in laser power to achieve the desired treatment outcome. The pullback technique increases the effective diffuser length, but the coagulation volume obtained was smaller than that of a longer diffuser at the same power density. This suggests that increasing both the diffuser length and laser power is better at increasing the coagulation zone than the pullback technique. To obtain coagulation zone that is sufficiently large to cover the entire tumor, careful selection of the diffuser length, power density, and pullback distance is critical.
Cytosolic antibody receptor TRIM21 is required for effective tau immunotherapy in mouse models
Authors: Mukadam Aamir S. , Miller Lauren V. C. , Smith Annabel E. , Vaysburd Marina , Sakya Siri A. , Sanford Sophie , Keeling Sophie , Tuck Benjamin J. , Katsinelos Taxiarchis , Green Chris , Skov Lise , Kaalund Sanne S. , Foss Stian , Mayes Keith , O’Connell Kevin , Wing Mark , Knox Claire , Banbury Jessica , Avezov Edward , Rowe James B. , Goedert Michel , Andersen Jan Terje , James Leo C. , McEwan William A.
Published: March 2023

Aggregates of the protein tau are proposed to drive pathogenesis in neurodegenerative diseases. Tau can be targeted by using passively transferred antibodies (Abs), but the mechanisms of Ab protection are incompletely understood. In this work, we used a variety of cell and animal model systems and showed that the cytosolic Ab receptor and E3 ligase TRIM21 (T21) could play a role in Ab protection against tau pathology. Tau-Ab complexes were internalized to the cytosol of neurons, which enabled T21 engagement and protection against seeded aggregation. Ab-mediated protection against tau pathology was lost in mice that lacked T21. Thus, the cytosolic compartment provides a site of immunotherapeutic protection, which may help in the design of Ab-based therapies in neurodegenerative disease.
Analysis of genetic dominance in the UK Biobank
Authors: Palmer Duncan S. , Zhou Wei , Abbott Liam , Wigdor Emilie M. , Baya Nikolas , Churchhouse Claire , Seed Cotton , Poterba Tim , King Daniel , Kanai Masahiro , Bloemendal Alex , Neale Benjamin M.
Published: March 2023

Classical statistical genetics theory defines dominance as any deviation from a purely additive, or dosage, effect of a genotype on a trait, which is known as the dominance deviation. Dominance is well documented in plant and animal breeding. Outside of rare monogenic traits, however, evidence in humans is limited. We systematically examined common genetic variation across 1060 traits in a large population cohort (UK Biobank,
N
= 361,194 samples analyzed) for evidence of dominance effects. We then developed a computationally efficient method to rapidly assess the aggregate contribution of dominance deviations to heritability. Lastly, observing that dominance associations are inherently less correlated between sites at a genomic locus than their additive counterparts, we explored whether they may be leveraged to identify causal variants more confidently.
Could a popular antiviral supercharge the pandemic?
Authors: Service Robert F.
Published: March 2023

Molnupiravir appears to be speeding SARS-CoV-2 evolution
Noncontact Lie Detection System Involving Photoplethysmography and Heart Rate Variability
Authors: Chang Hung-Chang
Published: March 2023

Heart rate variability (HRV) has been used to determine whether patients have latent illnesses and as an assessment indicator of the autonomic nervous system. Studies have also employed HRV for lie detection, which is commonly performed in the law system. However, several studies have concluded that due to environmental and procedure-related problems, lie detectors may yield inconsistent results. This study used smart recognition technology and proposed a systemized method of lie detection. To verify the reliability of the noncontact lie detection approach, empirical lie detection studies were conducted and the relevant literature was searched for item selection techniques. This study employed a noncontact HRV lie detection system. By experimenting on 15 participants split into four groups, this study verified the reliability of using the physiological characteristic of HRV for lie detection.
Multi-Hazard Risk Assessment of South Korean Nuclear Power Plants
Authors: Yavuz Cuneyt
Published: March 2023

Multi-hazard risk assessments of potential earthquake-triggered tsunamis with the positive contribution of climate change-related sea level rise (SLR) are performed for Hanul and Shin-Hanul (originally the Uljin), Kori and Shin-Kori, and Wolsong and Shin-Wolsong Nuclear Power Plants (NPPs) throughout the 21st century. Logic tree approach is used to construct probabilistic tsunami hazard model for evaluating the inundation levels at the coast of each NPP. Hypothetical earthquake sources are generated throughout the East Sea (Sea of Japan) using Monte Carlo Simulations. Epistemic uncertainty of the sea level rises and aleatory variability of the tsunami hazards is considered for stochastic multi-hazard assessment. Tsunami simulations are performed using revised bathymetric levels based on SLR projections of different Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSP) revealed by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). Tsunami hazard curves are presented to determine the level of the adverse effects of SLR on tsunami inundations for the projected years. Environmental risk assessment is conducted by evaluating multi-hazard curves. The results show that the effect of SLR will be extremely significant on tsunami inundation levels, especially for the worst-case scenario estimated by IPCC. Depending on the multi-hazard risk assessments, Hanul NPP is the only site to survive against the worst-case scenario. Wolsong and Shin Wolsong NPP is under moderate multi-hazard risk. Whereas, Kori and Shin-Kori NPP may encounter a destructive multi-hazard environmental risk according to the analysis conducted in this study.
Global dynamics of a Leslie–Gower predator–prey model in open advective environments
Authors: Zhang Baifeng , Zhang Guohong , Wang Xiaoli
Published: March 2023

This paper investigates the global dynamics of a reaction–diffusion–advection Leslie–Gower predator–prey model in open advective environments. We find that there exist critical advection rates, intrinsic growth rates, diffusion rates and length of the domain, which classify the global dynamics of the Leslie–Gower predator–prey system into three scenarios: coexistence, persistence of prey only and extinction of both species. The results reveal some significant differences with the classical specialist and generalist predator–prey systems. In particular, it is found that the critical advection rates of prey and predator are independent of each other and the parameters about predation rate have no influence on the dynamics of system. The theoretical results provide some interesting highlights in ecological protection in streams or rivers.
Analysis of EM Fault Injection on Bit-sliced Number Theoretic Transform Software in Dilithium
Authors: Singh Richa , Islam Saad , Sunar Berk , Schaumont Patrick
Published: March 2023

Bitslicing is a software implementation technique that treats an
N
-bit processor datapath as
N
parallel single-bit datapaths. Bitslicing is particularly useful to implement data-parallel algorithms, algorithms that apply the same operation sequence to every element of a vector. Indeed, a bit-wise processor instruction applies the same logical operation to every single-bit slice. A second benefit of bitsliced execution is that the natural spatial redundancy of bitsliced software can support countermeasures against fault attacks. A
k
-redundant program on an
N
-bit processor then runs as
N/k
parallel redundant slices. In this contribution, we combine these two benefits of bitslicing to implement a fault countermeasure for the
number-theoretic transform (NTT)
. The NTT efficiently implements a polynomial multiplication. The internal symmetry of the NTT algorithm lends itself to a data-parallel implementation, and hence it is a good candidate for the redundantly bitsliced implementation. We implement a redundantly bitsliced NTT on an advanced 667MHz ARM Cortex-A9 processor, and study the fault coverage for the protected NTT under optimized
electromagnetic fault injection (EMFI)
. Our work brings two major contributions. First, we show for the first time how to develop a redundantly bitsliced version of the NTT. We integrate the protected NTT into a full Dilithium signature sequence. Second, we demonstrate an EMFI analysis on a prototype implementation of the Dilithium signature sequence on ARM Cortex-M9. We perform a detailed EM fault-injection parameter search to optimize the location, intensity and timing of injected EM pulses. We demonstrate that, under optimized fault injection parameters, about 10% of the injected faults become potentially exploitable. However, the redundantly bitsliced NTT design is able to catch the majority of these potentially exploitable faults, even when the remainder of the Dilithium algorithm as well as the control flow is left unprotected. To our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of a bitslice-redundant design of the NTT that offers distributed fault detection throughout the execution of the algorithm.
Influence of Spraying Parameters on the Structure and Tribological Properties of Cr3C2-NiCr Detonation Coatings
Authors: Rakhadilov Bauyrzhan , Kakimzhanov Dauir , Dautbekov Merkhat , Sagdoldina Zhuldyz , Adylkanova Meruyert , Abylkalykova Riza
Published: March 2023

In this work, the influence of spray parameters on the formation of the microstructure, phase composition, and the tribological properties of detonation flame sprayed coatings was studied. It was determined that the chemical composition of Cr3C2-NiCr coatings during detonation spraying depends on the degree of filling the barrel with an explosive gas mixture. The degree of filling the barrel with an explosive gas mixture at 73% leads to a decrease in the content of carbide phases, and at 57% filling of the barrel, an increase in carbide phases is observed. It is established that the decrease of the filling degree leads to the increase of hardness and wear resistance of the Cr3C2-NiCr coatings since the hardness and wear resistance of the coating material deposited at 57% is higher than at 65% and 73%; this is due to the increase in the carbide phase Cr3C2. Detonation flame sprayed Cr3C2-NiCr gradient coatings have been developed in this study, which is carried out by varying the spray parameters. It was found that in the gradient coating, Cr3C2-NiCr carbide phases gradually increase from the depth to the surface. The obtained gradient coating closer to the substrate consists of the CrNi3 phase, while the coating surface consists of CrNi3 and Cr3C2 phases.
Supplementary Figure 1 from Use of a Peptide Derived from Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus for the Noninvasive Imaging of Human Cancer: Generation and Evaluation of 4-[18F]Fluorobenzoyl A20FMDV2 for In vivo Imaging of Integrin αvβ6 Expression with Positron Emission Tomography
Authors: Hausner Sven H. , DiCara Danielle , Marik Jan , Marshall John F. , Sutcliffe Julie L.
Published: March 2023

Supplementary Figure 1 from Use of a Peptide Derived from Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus for the Noninvasive Imaging of Human Cancer: Generation and Evaluation of 4-[18F]Fluorobenzoyl A20FMDV2 for In vivo Imaging of Integrin αvβ6 Expression with Positron Emission Tomography
Supplementary Figure 1 Legend from Use of a Peptide Derived from Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus for the Noninvasive Imaging of Human Cancer: Generation and Evaluation of 4-[18F]Fluorobenzoyl A20FMDV2 for In vivo Imaging of Integrin αvβ6 Expression with Positron Emission Tomography
Authors: Hausner Sven H. , DiCara Danielle , Marik Jan , Marshall John F. , Sutcliffe Julie L.
Published: March 2023

Supplementary Figure 1 Legend from Use of a Peptide Derived from Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus for the Noninvasive Imaging of Human Cancer: Generation and Evaluation of 4-[18F]Fluorobenzoyl A20FMDV2 for In vivo Imaging of Integrin αvβ6 Expression with Positron Emission Tomography
Supplementary Table 1 from Bexarotene (LGD1069, Targretin), a Selective Retinoid X Receptor Agonist, Prevents and Reverses Gemcitabine Resistance in NSCLC Cells by Modulating Gene Amplification
Authors: Tooker Patricia , Yen Wan-Ching , Ng Shi-Chung , Negro-Vilar Andrès , Hermann Thomas W.
Published: March 2023

Supplementary Table 1 from Bexarotene (LGD1069, Targretin), a Selective Retinoid X Receptor Agonist, Prevents and Reverses Gemcitabine Resistance in NSCLC Cells by Modulating Gene Amplification
Supplementary Figure 3 from Suppression of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Signaling by Protein Kinase C-α Activation Requires CD82, Caveolin-1, and Ganglioside
Authors: Wang Xiao-qi , Yan Qiu , Sun Ping , Liu Ji-Wei , Go Linda , McDaniel Shauntae M. , Paller Amy S.
Published: March 2023

Supplementary Figure 3 from Suppression of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Signaling by Protein Kinase C-α Activation Requires CD82, Caveolin-1, and Ganglioside
Supplementary Figure 1 from Bexarotene (LGD1069, Targretin), a Selective Retinoid X Receptor Agonist, Prevents and Reverses Gemcitabine Resistance in NSCLC Cells by Modulating Gene Amplification
Authors: Tooker Patricia , Yen Wan-Ching , Ng Shi-Chung , Negro-Vilar Andrès , Hermann Thomas W.
Published: March 2023

Supplementary Figure 1 from Bexarotene (LGD1069, Targretin), a Selective Retinoid X Receptor Agonist, Prevents and Reverses Gemcitabine Resistance in NSCLC Cells by Modulating Gene Amplification
Supplementary Figure 2 from The Nuclear Receptor Coactivator Amplified in Breast Cancer-1 Is Required for Neu (ErbB2/HER2) Activation, Signaling, and Mammary Tumorigenesis in Mice
Authors: Fereshteh Mark P. , Tilli Maddalena T. , Kim Sung Eun , Xu Jianming , O'Malley Bert W. , Wellstein Anton , Furth Priscilla A. , Riegel Anna T.
Published: March 2023

Supplementary Figure 2 from The Nuclear Receptor Coactivator Amplified in Breast Cancer-1 Is Required for Neu (ErbB2/HER2) Activation, Signaling, and Mammary Tumorigenesis in Mice
Supplementary Figure 1, and Table 1 from c-Fos as a Proapoptotic Agent in TRAIL-Induced Apoptosis in Prostate Cancer Cells
Authors: Zhang Xiaoping , Zhang Liang , Yang Hongmei , Huang Xu , Otu Hasan , Libermann Towia A. , DeWolf William C. , Khosravi-Far Roya , Olumi Aria F.
Published: March 2023

Supplementary Figure 1, and Table 1 from c-Fos as a Proapoptotic Agent in TRAIL-Induced Apoptosis in Prostate Cancer Cells
Supplementary Figure 3 from Elevated CRAF as a Potential Mechanism of Acquired Resistance to BRAF Inhibition in Melanoma
Authors: Montagut Clara , Sharma Sreenath V. , Shioda Toshi , McDermott Ultan , Ulman Matthew , Ulkus Lindsey E. , Dias-Santagata Dora , Stubbs Hannah , Lee Diana Y. , Singh Anurag , Drew Lisa , Haber Daniel A. , Settleman Jeffrey
Published: March 2023

Supplementary Figure 3 from Elevated CRAF as a Potential Mechanism of Acquired Resistance to BRAF Inhibition in Melanoma
Supplementary Table 2 from Discovery of Epigenetically Silenced Genes by Methylated DNA Immunoprecipitation in Colon Cancer Cells
Authors: Jacinto Filipe V. , Ballestar Esteban , Ropero Santiago , Esteller Manel
Published: March 2023

Supplementary Table 2 from Discovery of Epigenetically Silenced Genes by Methylated DNA Immunoprecipitation in Colon Cancer Cells
Supplementary Figure 1 from Discovery of Epigenetically Silenced Genes by Methylated DNA Immunoprecipitation in Colon Cancer Cells
Authors: Jacinto Filipe V. , Ballestar Esteban , Ropero Santiago , Esteller Manel
Published: March 2023

Supplementary Figure 1 from Discovery of Epigenetically Silenced Genes by Methylated DNA Immunoprecipitation in Colon Cancer Cells
Supplementary Methods and Materials from Knock-in of Oncogenic Kras Does Not Transform Mouse Somatic Cells But Triggers a Transcriptional Response that Classifies Human Cancers
Authors: Arena Sabrina , Isella Claudio , Martini Miriam , de Marco Ario , Medico Enzo , Bardelli Alberto
Published: March 2023

Supplementary Methods and Materials from Knock-in of Oncogenic Kras Does Not Transform Mouse Somatic Cells But Triggers a Transcriptional Response that Classifies Human Cancers
Supplementary Methods, Figures 1-2 from A Role for Glial Cell–Derived Neurotrophic Factor–Induced Expression by Inflammatory Cytokines and RET/GFRα1 Receptor Up-regulation in Breast Cancer
Authors: Esseghir Selma , Todd S. Katrina , Hunt Toby , Poulsom Richard , Plaza-Menacho Ivan , Reis-Filho Jorge S. , Isacke Clare M.
Published: March 2023

Supplementary Methods, Figures 1-2 from A Role for Glial Cell–Derived Neurotrophic Factor–Induced Expression by Inflammatory Cytokines and RET/GFRα1 Receptor Up-regulation in Breast Cancer
Supplementary Figure 1 from Nitric Oxide Inactivates the Retinoblastoma Pathway in Chronic Inflammation
Authors: Ying Lei , Hofseth Anne B. , Browning Darren D. , Nagarkatti Mitzi , Nagarkatti Prakash S. , Hofseth Lorne J.
Published: March 2023

Supplementary Figure 1 from Nitric Oxide Inactivates the Retinoblastoma Pathway in Chronic Inflammation
Supplementary Figure 1 from Mitochondrial/Cell-Surface Protein p32/gC1qR as a Molecular Target in Tumor Cells and Tumor Stroma
Authors: Fogal Valentina , Zhang Lianglin , Krajewski Stan , Ruoslahti Erkki
Published: March 2023

Supplementary Figure 1 from Mitochondrial/Cell-Surface Protein p32/gC1qR as a Molecular Target in Tumor Cells and Tumor Stroma
Supplementary Figures 1-3 from Matrix Metalloproteinases-1 and -8 Improve the Distribution and Efficacy of an Oncolytic Virus
Authors: Mok Wilson , Boucher Yves , Jain Rakesh K.
Published: March 2023

Supplementary Figures 1-3 from Matrix Metalloproteinases-1 and -8 Improve the Distribution and Efficacy of an Oncolytic Virus
Supplementary Table 1, Figures 1-2 from A Novel Bone Morphogenetic Protein Signaling in Heterotypic Cell Interactions in Prostate Cancer
Authors: Yang Shangxin , Pham Linda K. , Liao Chun-Peng , Frenkel Baruch , Reddi A. Hari , Roy-Burman Pradip
Published: March 2023

Supplementary Table 1, Figures 1-2 from A Novel Bone Morphogenetic Protein Signaling in Heterotypic Cell Interactions in Prostate Cancer
Supplementary Figure 2 from Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors Induce Cell Death Selectively in Cells That Harbor Activated kRasV12: The Role of Signal Transducers and Activators of Transcription 1 and p21
Authors: Klampfer Lidija , Huang Jie , Shirasawa Senji , Sasazuki Takehiko , Augenlicht Leonard
Published: March 2023

Supplementary Figure 2 from Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors Induce Cell Death Selectively in Cells That Harbor Activated kRasV12: The Role of Signal Transducers and Activators of Transcription 1 and p21
Supplementary Figure 3 from Reactive Oxygen Species Regulate Angiogenesis and Tumor Growth through Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor
Authors: Xia Chang , Meng Qiao , Liu Ling-Zhi , Rojanasakul Yongyut , Wang Xin-Ru , Jiang Bing-Hua
Published: March 2023

Supplementary Figure 3 from Reactive Oxygen Species Regulate Angiogenesis and Tumor Growth through Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor
Supplementary Figure 1 from Reactive Oxygen Species Regulate Angiogenesis and Tumor Growth through Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor
Authors: Xia Chang , Meng Qiao , Liu Ling-Zhi , Rojanasakul Yongyut , Wang Xin-Ru , Jiang Bing-Hua
Published: March 2023

Supplementary Figure 1 from Reactive Oxygen Species Regulate Angiogenesis and Tumor Growth through Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor
Supplementary Figure Legends 1-3 from DNA Protein Kinase–Dependent G2 Checkpoint Revealed following Knockdown of Ataxia-Telangiectasia Mutated in Human Mammary Epithelial Cells
Authors: Arlander Sonnet J.H. , Greene Bryan T. , Innes Cynthia L. , Paules Richard S.
Published: March 2023

Supplementary Figure Legends 1-3 from DNA Protein Kinase–Dependent G2 Checkpoint Revealed following Knockdown of Ataxia-Telangiectasia Mutated in Human Mammary Epithelial Cells
Supplementary Figure 2 from Tumor Necrosis Factor α Mediates Homogeneous Distribution of Liposomes in Murine Melanoma that Contributes to a Better Tumor Response
Authors: Seynhaeve Ann L.B. , Hoving Saske , Schipper Debby , Vermeulen Cindy E. , aan de Wiel-Ambagtsheer Gisela , van Tiel Sandra T. , Eggermont Alexander M.M. , ten Hagen Timo L.M.
Published: March 2023

Supplementary Figure 2 from Tumor Necrosis Factor α Mediates Homogeneous Distribution of Liposomes in Murine Melanoma that Contributes to a Better Tumor Response
Supplementary Table 6 from Drug Sensitivity Prediction by CpG Island Methylation Profile in the NCI-60 Cancer Cell Line Panel
Authors: Shen Lanlan , Kondo Yutaka , Ahmed Saira , Boumber Yanis , Konishi Kazuo , Guo Yi , Chen Xinli , Vilaythong Jill N. , Issa Jean-Pierre J.
Published: March 2023

Supplementary Table 6 from Drug Sensitivity Prediction by CpG Island Methylation Profile in the NCI-60 Cancer Cell Line Panel
Supplementary Figure 3 from Drug Sensitivity Prediction by CpG Island Methylation Profile in the NCI-60 Cancer Cell Line Panel
Authors: Shen Lanlan , Kondo Yutaka , Ahmed Saira , Boumber Yanis , Konishi Kazuo , Guo Yi , Chen Xinli , Vilaythong Jill N. , Issa Jean-Pierre J.
Published: March 2023

Supplementary Figure 3 from Drug Sensitivity Prediction by CpG Island Methylation Profile in the NCI-60 Cancer Cell Line Panel
Supplementary Table 3 from Telomerase-Specific T-Cell Immunity in Breast Cancer: Effect of Vaccination on Tumor Immunosurveillance
Authors: Domchek Susan M. , Recio Adri , Mick Rosemarie , Clark Carolyn E. , Carpenter Erica L. , Fox Kevin R. , DeMichele Angela , Schuchter Lynn M. , Leibowitz Michael S. , Wexler Michael H. , Vance Barbara A. , Beatty Gregory L. , Veloso Elizabeth , Feldman Michael D. , Vonderheide Robert H.
Published: March 2023

Supplementary Table 3 from Telomerase-Specific T-Cell Immunity in Breast Cancer: Effect of Vaccination on Tumor Immunosurveillance