bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PREVENTIVE EFFECT OF AN ATHLETICS INJURY PREVENTION PROGRAM ON INJURY COMPLAINTS WITH DECREASED PARTICIPATION IN ATHLETICS: A PILOT PROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDY
Authors: EDOUARD Pascal , CUGY Emmanuelle , DOLIN Romain , MOREL Nicolas , STEFFEN Kathrin
Published: August 2017

Background

Athletics practice leads risk of injuries with negative consequences on participation. It is therefore important to develop and validate strategies to prevent it.

Objective

To determine whether an Athletics Injury Prevention Program (AIPP), targeting the most common athletic injury types (hamstring strain, achilles and patellar tendinopathy, low back pain, ankle sprain), can reduce the occurrence of injury complaints with decreased participation (IC) related to athletics practice.

Design

Prospective cohort study.

Setting

Regional- to international-level athletics athletes.

Participants

A total of 63 athletes, with ≥75% of response rate to a questionnaire with weekly follow-up on AIPP adherence and IC, during one athletics season (43 weeks).

Interventions

An 8-exercise AIPP, addressing core stability, hamstrings and leg eccentric muscle strengthening and stretching, pelvis balance and stabilizing work.

Main Outcome Measurements

Adherence to AIPP, incidence of IC and prevalence of weeks with IC. Relative risks (RR) with 95% CI between two groups: “AIPP+” corresponding to athletes executing AIPP≥1/weekvs.“AIPP-” corresponding to athletes performing AIPP<1/week.

Results

At short term (12 weeks, n=63 athletes), there was a significant lower incidence of IC in AIPP+ (n=33; 1.5±0.6 AIPP/week) compared to AIPP- (n=30; 0.5±0.3 AIPP/week) (6.1±2.8vs.11.3±4.0 IC per 1000 hours of practice; RR=0.53, 95% CI: 0.30–0.95). At long term (40 weeks, n=40 athletes), there werei)a significant reduction in number of weeks with IC in AIPP+ (n=11; 1.4±0.6 AIPP/week) compared to AIPP− (n=27; 0.6±0.3 AIPP/week) (8.0% vs. 16.4%; RR=0.49, 95% CI: 0.34–0.70), andii)a significant lower incidence of hamstring IC in AIPP+ compared to AIPP− (1.3±1.3 vs. 2.6±1.2 IC per 1000 hours of practice; RR=0.13, 95% CI: 0.02–0.97).

Conclusions

An 8-exercise prevention program, based on a scientific evidence and performed more than once a week, resulted in a protective effect on injury complaints with decreased sport participation at both short and long term.
INJURY RISK IS DIFFERENT BETWEEN MALE AND FEMALE ATHLETES DURING 14 INTERNATIONAL ATHLETICS CHAMPIONSHIPS
Authors: Edouard Pascal , Feddermann-demont Nina , Alonso Juan-Manuel , Branco Pedro , Junge Astrid
Published: August 2017

Background

During top-level international Athletics championships, injury risk was about 100 injuries per 1000 athletes for outdoor championships, and about 63 injuries per 1000 athletes for indoors championships. However, it is unclear whether male or female athletes differ in risk and/or characteristics of injuries.

Objective

To compare the incidences and characteristics of injuries that occurred during international Athletics championships between female and male athletes.

Design

Prospective study.

Setting

14 international athletics championships from 2007 to 2014; Elite athletics level.

Participants

A total of 17592 registered athletes.

Main Outcome Measurements

Incidences of all (time-loss) injuries in male and female athletes.

Results

The rate of injuries per 1000 registered athletes was significantly higher in male (110.3±6.8) than in female (88.5±6.7) athletes (relative risk (RR)=1.25; 95% CI:1.13–1.37, small effect size). Male athletes incurred significantly more injuries in the thigh (RR=1.64; 95% CI:1.32–2.05, small), lower leg (RR=1.36; 95% CI:1.05–1.75, small) and hip/groin injuries (RR=2.26; 95% CI:1.31–3.88, moderate), more muscle strains (RR=1.64; 95% CI:1.33–2.04, small), cramps (RR=1.81; 95% CI:1.35–2.43, small), and especially more thigh strains (RR=1.66; 95% CI:1.25–2.19, small), but fewer stress fractures (RR=0.32; 95% CI:0.12–0.81, moderate) than female athletes. A higher injury risk of male than of female athletes was observed in sprints (RR=1.32; 95% CI:1.06–1.66, small), middle distance runs (RR=1.48; 95% CI:1.06–2.06, small), race walks (RR=2.55; 95% CI:1.27–5.10, moderate), and jumps (RR=2.13; 95% CI:1.53–2.97, moderate). No sex difference was found for cause and severity of injury.

Conclusions

During 14 top-level international Athletics championships, male athletes had higher risk of injuries than female athletes. Moreover, injury incidences differed between sexes for location, type, and discipline. Males suffered more thigh strains than female athletes. Prevention strategies will likely need to take sex into account and where appropriate, be adapted to the differences in injury characteristics between female and male athletes.
THE EFFECT OF NORDIC HAMSTRING EXERCISE ON HAMSTRING INJURY IN PROFESSIONAL RUGBY UNION
Authors: Evans Kate , Williams Morgan
Published: August 2017

Background

The incidence of hamstring injuries (HSI) in professional rugby union is high. Nordic hamstring exercise (NHE) has been utilised within HSI prevention programmes. To date, little is known about the effect of NHE on HSI in professional rugby.

Objective

To examine the effect of a HSI prevention programme on Nordic eccentric strength (NES), injury incidence and severity in professional rugby union.

Design

Prospective time series design that involved measures of NES obtained throughout the 2015–2016 rugby season whist undertaking a hamstring strengthening intervention.

Setting

Professional rugby union.

Patients (or Participants)

50 professional male rugby union players.

Interventions (or Assessment of Risk Factors)

One session of 3 sets 3–6reps NHE in addition to normal posterior chain strengthening exercises weekly.

Main Outcome Measurements

NES was measured at 3 monthly intervals through the season using a commercial device. HSI incidence and severity (days lost) were compared between two seasons.

Results

From June 2015 to June 2016 NES remained stable (n=31; 5N; 95%CI=−52 to 42N; P=0.821; ES=0.06). Imbalance, however, reduced by 9% (95% CI=3 to 15% (n=31; P=0.005; ES=0.72). For season 2014–2015, number of HSI were 5.2/ 1000 match hours and 0.25/1000 training hours (total of 0.67/1000 hours). During the intervention season, HSI incidence was halved during match play (2.63/1000 match hours) yet, training HSI were 0.37/1000 hours giving a total incidence of 0.56/1000 hours. HSI severity reduced from 124 d in the 2014–2015 season to 99 d in the 2015–2016 season.

Conclusions

One weekly NHE session successfully reduced match incidence, overall incidence and severity of HSI in professional rugby union. NES remained stable through the intervention and imbalance demonstrated significant reductions. Retention testing at the end of the 4 week off-season period revealed NES had returned to baseline, however imbalance remained significantly reduced.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF A WEEKLY E-DIARY FOR SELF-REPORTED INJURIES AND ILLNESSES IN PARALYMPIC SPORTS: THE SPORTS-RELATED INJURIES AND ILLNESSES IN PARALYMPIC SPORT STUDY (SRIIPSS)
Authors: Fagher Kristina , Jacobsson Jenny , Timpka Toomas , Dahlström Örjan , Lexell Jan
Published: August 2017

Background

Few studies have longitudinally assessed the epidemiology of sports-related injuries and illnesses in Paralympic sport (SRIIPS).

Objective

The objective of this study was to develop and test a weekly e-diary for self-reports of SRIIPS in an electronic system specifically adapted for Paralympic athletes with various impairments.

Design

Prospective cohort pilot study.

Setting

Paralympic athletes.

Patients (or Participants)

Twenty-eight Swedish Paralympic athletes with vision (n=11), physical (n=15) and intellectual impairments (n=2) active in in 11 sports.

Interventions (or Assessment of Risk Factors)

The athletes were asked to self-report SRIIPS, pain, anxiety, training load and exposure weekly during 4 weeks.

Main Outcome Measurements

System usability indicators and SRIIPS.

Results

The average weekly response rate was 95%. One athlete dropped out. There were few missing data and a majority could respond to all questions. The system worked well for athletes with physical and intellectual impairment. Some visually impaired athletes perceived it difficult to respond to multiple-choice questions. Ten of the athletes found it partly difficult to define a new injury. Fifteen new injuries and fourteen new illnesses were reported, giving a cumulative incidence of 1.8 injuries/100 hours and 1.7 illnesses/100 hours of athlete exposure. A total of 80% of the injuries were related to overuse. The typical injury severity was 1–3 days time loss of training. In 20% of the injuries and 21% of the illnesses the impairment was involved in the cause.

Conclusions

This is the first study of self-reported SRIIPS. Overall, the proposed method and variables worked satisfactory. The electronic data collection system needs to be adjusted to visually impaired athletes and injury definitions need to be explained in more detail and examples provided. Based on this, we prepare a prospective longitudinal study (1 year) with the aim to estimate the annual self-reported incidence of SRIIPS.
95% PREVALENCE OF ABNORMALITY ON HIP MRI IN ELITE ACADEMY LEVEL RUGBY UNION; A CLINICAL AND IMAGING STUDY OF HIP DISORDERS
Authors: Farrell Gareth , Wilson F , Denvir K , O'Connell B , Irwin E , Gissane C , McGrath F
Published: August 2017

Background

Hip disorders are common in field based athletes. To date there have been no studies profiling hips in elite level rugby.

Objective

Identify the prevalence of hip disorders (clinical and imaging) in elite academy rugby union players comparing to active controls.

Design

Cross-sectional, case-control study.

Setting

Professional Rugby Union Club.

Patients (or Participants)

20 male professional Rugby Academy players and 20 age, activity and gender matched controls. Exclusion criteria were previous hip surgery, or hip, groin, or lumbar pathology within the previous six months.

Interventions (or Assessment of Risk Factors)

Participants were assessed on a single day using a HAGOS questionnaire, clinical tests (FABER and Thomas Test) and range of motion of the hip. The rugby playing cohort underwent dedicated non-arthrographic 3T MRI of the hip in three plains. Images were blind reviewed by two experienced musculoskeletal radiologists. Controls were clinically tested only.

Main Outcome Measurements

Prevalence of hip Symptoms (HAGOS), clinical tests and range of motion of the hip and prevalence of abnormality on MRI.

Results

The rugby cohort had significantly reduced hip rotation range, extension and FABER scores compared to the controls. Symptoms were reported by 65% of rugby players versus 15% in controls. There was a 95% prevalence of abnormality on MRI, 80% labral pathology, 60% CAM deformity and 25% had chondral wear.

Conclusions

There was a high prevalence of hip abnormality (95%) on MRI in rugby players (80% labral pathology, 60% CAM defect). The percentage reporting symptoms was lower at 65% although this was significantly higher than (non-rugby) matched controls at 15%. Rugby players demonstrated significantly reduced range of movement of the hip compared to controls. Further prospective research is required.
EPIDEMIOLOGY OF BACK PAIN IN SPORTS: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY
Authors: Fett Daniela , Trompeter Katharina , Platen Petra
Published: August 2017

Background

Back pain (BP) is a frequent health problem in the general population resulting in enormous costs for the health care system. It is also one of the most frequently occurring complaints in sports.

Objective

To determine lifetime prevalence (LTP), 12-months prevalence (12-mP) and point prevalence (PP) of BP regarding the pain intensity and the localization at the spine in German elite athletes compared to an active control group (CG) and to identify potential risk factors for BP.

Design

The study was designed as a cross-sectional retrospective survey.

Setting

A validated online BP questionnaire (Kourinka, 1987; von Korff, 1992) was sent by the German Olympic Sports Confederation to approximately 4,000 athletes, and to a CG of 253 physically active but non-elite sports students.

Participants

N=1114 athletes (m=46.5%, f=53.1%, 20.9±4.8 years, 176.5±11.5 cm, 71.0±10.3 kg) and 166 physically active students (m=74.7%, f=24.1%, 21.2±2.0 years, 180.0±8.0 cm, 74.0±14.5 kg) took part.

Main Outcome Measurements

LTP, 12-mP, PP and risk factors of BP were determined.

Results

LTP of BP was 88.5%, 12-mP was 81.1% and PP was 49.0%, compared with 80.7%, 70.0% and 42.8%, respectively in the CG. The LTP and 12-mP in athletes were significantly higher than in the CG. The most often occurred localization was the lower back. Regarding the sports disciplines individually LTP of BP ranged between 58–100%. High prevalence rates of 95–100% were found in fencing, rowing, water-polo, diving, shooting and dancing.

Conclusions

Findings indicate that BP is a present problem in athletes. Especially sports with high mechanical loads on the spine seem to be affected. Athletes, physicians and coaches should be aware of this, and seek to identify specific prevention programs, especially in high-risk sports. These programs should be part of elite athletes' daily training.

Acknowledgement:

The study was supported by the Federal Institute for Sport Science, Germany (ZMVI1–080102A/11–18).
THE WOMEN'S INJURY SURVEILLANCE EXTENSION FOR AUSTRALIAN FOOTBALL (FOOTYWISE)
Authors: Fortington Lauren , Donaldson Alex , Finch Caroline
Published: August 2017

Background

Female participation in Australian football (AF) has increased substantially over the last 5 years. Measures for reducing injury, whether through coaching, training or rules, are currently based on anecdotal injury experiences and research from male participants. To ensure the safety of female participants, consideration of their specific injury profile is required.

Objective

To provide the first understanding of injury in women's AF.

Design

Two approaches were used. [1] compilation of four data sources: hospital-admissions, emergency department presentations, insurance claims, club-based collection; [2] online self-report survey of the worst injury sustained in the previous season.

Setting

Australia-wide

Patients (or Participants)

Female AF participants.

Interventions (or Assessment of Risk Factors)

Not applicable.

Main Outcome Measurements

Injury frequencies, injury types.

Results

The survey provided information on 431 self-considered ‘worst’ injuries. Over half (55%) were lower limb injuries of which joint ligament tears/sprains (29%), muscle strains (18%) and fractures (13%) dominated. The knee (18%), hand/fingers (16%), and ankle (14%) were most common body parts injured. Concussion comprised 6% of all injuries. Upper limb injuries were featured in the hospital admissions (n=500 injuries in total) and emergency presentations (n=1879), 47% and 51% of all injuries, respectively. These were largely wrist/hand injuries (32% and 40%). Most (65%) insurance claim injuries (n=522) involved the lower limb, 27% for knee ligament damage. A high proportion of concussions (33%) were reported in the club collected data (n=49).

Conclusions

Three injuries of particular significance were identified (knee joint ligament injuries, concussion, and wrist/hand/finger fractures, dislocations and sprains), which differ from key injuries identified in men's football where lower limb muscle strains are most prevalent, particularly hamstring/groin strains. A comprehensive prospective injury study in women's Australian football is now needed to support a robust collection of injury data, with a focus on identifying the cause and injury rates.
TIBIOFEMORAL LATERAL COMPARTMENT'S MORPHOLOGY AS A RISK FACTOR: A RADIOGRAPHIC COMPARISON BETWEEN ACL-RUPTURED AND NON-INJURED SUBJECTS
Authors: Andrade Renato , Vasta Sebastiano , Pereira Rogério , Leal Ana , Silva Luís , Saavedra Cátia , Bastos Ricardo , Rocha Rui , Monteiro Alberto , Sevivas Nuno , Papalia Rocco , Espregueira-Mendes João
Published: August 2017

Background

Tibiofemoral bone morphology has been proposed as a potential risk factor for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture, with recent increasing interest in the lateral femoral condyle.

Objective

Investigate several tibiofemoral bone morphology measurements as risk factors for rupturing the ACL.

Design

Retrospective case–control study.

Setting

Clinical setting.

Patients (or Participants)

200 ACL-ruptured patients and 200 normal subjects without history of previous knee injuries, with a mean age of 24 years old.

Main Outcome Measurements

Presence or not of ACL rupture.

Assessment of Risk Factors

Radiographic measurements of the distal epiphysis/diaphysis of the femur and proximal epiphysis of the tibia were performed, including: anteroposterior-flattened surface of the femur's lateral condyle; femur's diaphysis anteroposterior distance; anteroposterior distance of the femur's lateral condyle; height of the femur's lateral condyle; anteroposterior distance of the tibial plateaus; tibial slope. In addition, three morphological ratios were calculated.

Results

Most of the bone morphological parameters were different between genders (P<0.001). Similarly, there were significant differences between ACL-ruptured and control subjects (P<0.001), either for total sample or subgrouped by gender. Logistic regression model showed that 5 bone morphological parameters were significantly associated with ACL rupture (AUC=0.967, P<0.001). The calculated ratios showed significant accuracy in identifying individuals with higher risk of sustaining an ACL injury (P<0.001).

Conclusions

Several tibiofemoral bone morphology radiographic measurements are associated with an ACL rupture. Morphological ratios based on these measurements seem to identify individuals at higher risk of sustaining an ACL rupture. These findings might contribute to health counselling on level of sports participation. Moreover, it may help to identify individuals who may benefit the most from secondary prevention programs, where the risk of new injury is very high.
LEFT VENTRICULAR REMODELING IN YOUNG BLACK ATHLETES
Authors: Galanti Giorgio , Toncelli Loira , Gori Niccolò , Tante Valentina Di , Mascherini Gabriele , Tosi Benedetta
Published: August 2017

Background

EKG analysis investigating the impact of the ethnicity on cardiac adaptation to exercise has shown a higher presence of abnormalities, including marked repolarization changes, and signs of left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy in black compared to white athletes. Despite the wide availability of EKG analysis, echocardiographic studies on young black and white athletes is lacking in literature.

Objective

Assess the effect in the secondary LV remodelling to load training in young black players compared to matched white players.

Design

4 years longitudinal study.

Setting

Sport Medicine outpatients clinic.

Patients

49 young black soccer players (BP) and 50 white matched soccer players (WP) at the first evaluation: BP=13.3±0.58 and WP=13.9±0.50 years.

Interventions

Echocardiography and EKG.

Main Outcome Measurements

Interventricular septum (IVS) and posterior wall (PW) thickness.

Results

No differences in weight, height, blood pressure in maximal ergometry test.

Electrocardiographic repolarization changes were significantly more frequent in BP compared to WP (55% in BP vs 7% of WP). In BP we observed higher level of LV remodelling, consisted in higher LV wall thickness, i.e. higher interventricular septum (IVS) and posterior wall (PW) thickness (IVS: BP=9.99±0.17, WP=9.07±0.14, p<0.001. PW: BP=9.61±0.25, WP=8.85±0.3 mm, p<0.001). At the beginning, BP showed a significantly higher left ventricular remodelling (IVS: BP=9.14±0.6, WP=8.54±0.21 mm, p<0.001. PW: BP=8.98±0.6, WP=8.4±0.26, p<0.001). Afterwards we observed an increase in LV wall thickness and chambers diameters proportionally with the increase in body-size and LV mass. (IVS: BP=10.87±0.23, WP=9.09±0.28 mm, p<0.001. PW: BP=11.69±1.32, WP=9.02±0.24 mm, p<0.001).

Conclusions

Also in young blacks athletes we can find an higher cardiac wall thickness compared to their Caucasian peers. This differences remained after 5 years giving probably reason of the fact that those remodelling events happened in the first years of life by genetic factors.
REGIONAL DIFFERENCES IN BICEPS FEMORIS FASCICLE LENGTH AND PENNATION ANGLE AFTER A SIMULATED SOCCER MATCH
Authors: Gonçalves Basílio , Hegyi András , Avela Janne , Cronin Neil
Published: August 2017

Background

Hamstring Strain Injuries (HSIs) represent 12% of all injuries in soccer players, and their incidence has increased in recent years. Between 53%-84% of HSIs involve the Biceps femoris muscle (BF). Recent studies have shown that soccer players with shorter BF fascicle length (FL) suffer more HSIs and exhibit regional differences in FL and pennation angle (PA) along BF. It is unclear whether there is any regional difference in the degree of change of these parameters after a soccer match.

Objective

Describe changes in BF muscle architecture after a simulated soccer match.

Design

Controlled laboratory study. Pre and Post single session.

Setting

Laboratory. Amateur Level.

Participants

Soccer players without acute injuries/illness and no previous lower limb injuries. Data collection is still ongoing. To date, 4 players have been measured and analysed.

Assessment

Randomized measurements of muscle architecture parameters at different submaximal contraction intensities, before and after a 45 min. soccer-specific fatigue protocol. Total time 3 hours.

Main Outcome Measures

Biceps femoris absolute and relative changes in PA and FL in 3 different regions of the muscle.Results from this ongoing study imply that relative changes in FL were region-dependent, whereby FL shortening after the protocol was greater in the proximal regions at higher contraction intensities (−2.0% vs 12.3% vs 19.5%), but greater in the distal regions at lower contraction intensities (−8.0% vs 6.7% vs 12.4%).

Conclusions

After a soccer-specific fatigue protocol, FL and PA of the BF muscle varied regionally and with contraction intensity. Greater FL shortening at proximal regions after a soccer match, especially at higher contraction levels, may be linked to the higher incidence of HSI in these areas, and might help to explain the injury mechanism.
Separating Bichromatic Point Sets by Minimal Triangles with a Fixed Angle
Authors: Moslehi Zahra , Bagheri Alireza
Published: August 2017

Given a set P of red points and a set Q of blue points in the plane, of total size n, we investigate the problem of finding triangles with a given angle [Formula: see text] that (a) contain all points of Q, (b) avoid all points of P, and (c) are minimal, i.e. their three sides are tangent to the convex hull of Q. Such triangles are called minimal separating [Formula: see text]-triangles. We give an algorithm for reporting all combinatorially different minimal separating [Formula: see text]-triangles in [Formula: see text] time.
Yao’s Millionaires’ Problem and Public-Key Encryption Without Computational Assumptions
Authors: Grigoriev Dima , Kish Laszlo B. , Shpilrain Vladimir
Published: August 2017

We offer efficient and practical solutions of Yao’s millionaires’ problem without using any one-way functions. Some of the solutions involve physical principles, while others are purely mathematical. One of our solutions (based on physical principles) yields a public-key encryption protocol secure against (passive) computationally unbounded adversary. In that protocol, the legitimate parties are not assumed to be computationally unbounded.
A Novel Cubic–Equilibrium Chaotic System with Coexisting Hidden Attractors: Analysis, and Circuit Implementation
Authors: Pham Viet-Thanh , Volos Christos , Jafari Sajad , Kapitaniak Tomasz
Published: August 2017

Chaotic systems with a curve of equilibria have attracted considerable interest in theoretical researches and engineering applications because they are categorized as systems with hidden attractors. In this paper, we introduce a new three-dimensional autonomous system with cubic equilibrium. Fundamental dynamical properties and complex dynamics of the system have been investigated. Of particular interest is the coexistence of chaotic attractors in the proposed system. Furthermore, we have designed and implemented an electronic circuit to verify the feasibility of such a system with cubic equilibrium.
A family of two-generator non-Hopfian groups
Authors: Lee Donghi , Sakuma Makoto
Published: August 2017

We construct [Formula: see text]-generator non-Hopfian groups [Formula: see text] where each [Formula: see text] has a specific presentation [Formula: see text] which satisfies small cancellation conditions [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. Here, [Formula: see text] is the single relator of the upper presentation of the [Formula: see text]-bridge link group of slope [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] in continued fraction expansion for every integer [Formula: see text].
THE GENERALIZATION OF SIERPINSKI CARPET AND MENGER SPONGE IN n-DIMENSIONAL SPACE
Authors: YANG YUN , FENG YUTING , YU YANHUA
Published: August 2017

In this paper, we generalize Sierpinski carpet and Menger sponge in [Formula: see text]-dimensional space, by using the generations and characterizations of affinely-equivalent Sierpinski carpet and Menger sponge. Exactly, Menger sponge in [Formula: see text]-dimensional space could be drawn out clearly under an affine transformation. Furthermore, the method could be used to a much broader class in fractals.
MICROSTRUCTURES AND HIGH-TEMPERATURE TRIBOLOGICAL BEHAVIORS OF MAGNETRON SPUTTERED DLC COATINGS
Authors: WANG WENCHANG , ZHANG LING , KONG DEJUN
Published: August 2017

A diamond-like carbon (DLC) coating was deposited on YT14 cemented carbide cutting tools using an MS (magnetron sputtering), and the surface–interface morphologies, phases, and bonding energy of the obtained coatings were investigated using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), respectively. The wear behaviors of DLC coatings were measured using high temperature wear tests. The results show that the [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] appear at 284.4, and 285.3[Formula: see text]eV, respectively, the DLC coating is composed of the crystal planes (111) and (220). The average COF of DLC coatings at 750, 800, and 850[Formula: see text]C was 0.1956, 0.2082, and 0.4085, respectively, the wear depth increases with the wear temperatures increasing: At 750[Formula: see text]C, the diamond planes (111) and (222) remained, while at 800 and 850[Formula: see text]C, only the diamond plane (111) still remained, the diamond plane (220) was oxidized, resulting in wear capability decreasing. The wear mechanism was composed of abrasive wear, delamination, and oxidation wear.
An Iterative Numerical Method for Solving the Lane–Emden Initial and Boundary Value Problems
Authors: Ben-Romdhane Mohamed , Temimi Helmi
Published: August 2017

In this paper, we propose fast iterative methods based on the Newton–Raphson–Kantorovich approximation in function space [Bellman and Kalaba, (1965)] to solve three kinds of the Lane–Emden type problems. First, a reformulation of the problem is performed using a quasilinearization technique which leads to an iterative scheme. Such scheme consists in an ordinary differential equation that uses the approximate solution from the previous iteration to yield the unknown solution of the current iteration. At every iteration, a further discretization of the problem is achieved which provides the numerical solution with low computational cost. Numerical simulation shows the accuracy as well as the efficiency of the method.
Paramodular forms of level 8 and weights 10 and 12
Authors: Poor Cris , Schmidt Ralf , Yuen David S.
Published: August 2017

We study degree 2 paramodular eigenforms of level 8 and weights 10 and 12, and determine all their local representations. We prove dimensions by the technique of Jacobi restriction. A level divisible by a cube permits a wide variety of local representations, but also complicates the Hecke theory by involving Fourier expansions at more than one zero-dimensional cusp. We overcome this difficulty by the technique of restriction to modular curves. An application of our determination of the local representations is that we obtain the Euler 2-factor of each newform.
Three-Dimensional Microwave Imaging for Concealed Weapon Detection Using Range Stacking Technique
Authors: Tan Weixian , Huang Pingping , Huang Zengshu , Qi Yaolong , Wang Wenqin
Published: August 2017

Three-dimensional (3D) microwave imaging has been proven to be well suited for concealed weapon detection application. For the 3D image reconstruction under two-dimensional (2D) planar aperture condition, most of current imaging algorithms focus on decomposing the 3D free space Green function by exploiting the stationary phase and, consequently, the accuracy of the final imagery is obtained at a sacrifice of computational complexity due to the need of interpolation. In this paper, from an alternative viewpoint, we propose a novel interpolation-free imaging algorithm based on wavefront reconstruction theory. The algorithm is an extension of the 2D range stacking algorithm (RSA) with the advantages of low computational cost and high precision. The algorithm uses different reference signal spectrums at different range bins and then forms the target functions at desired range bin by a concise coherent summation. Several practical issues such as the propagation loss compensation, wavefront reconstruction, and aliasing mitigating are also considered. The sampling criterion and the achievable resolutions for the proposed algorithm are also derived. Finally, the proposed method is validated through extensive computer simulations and real-field experiments. The results show that accurate 3D image can be generated at a very high speed by utilizing the proposed algorithm.
Analysis of an Automated Vehicle Routing Problem in Logistics considering Path Interruption
Authors: Zhang Yong , Shi Lei , Chen Jing , Li Xuefeng
Published: August 2017

The application of automated vehicles in logistics can efficiently reduce the cost of logistics and reduce the potential risks in the last mile. Considering the path restriction in the initial stage of the application of automated vehicles in logistics, the conventional model for a vehicle routing problem (VRP) is modified. Thus, the automated vehicle routing problem with time windows (AVRPTW) model considering path interruption is established. Additionally, an improved particle swarm optimisation (PSO) algorithm is designed to solve this problem. Finally, a case study is undertaken to test the validity of the model and the algorithm. Four automated vehicles are designated to execute all delivery tasks required by 25 stores. Capacities of all of the automated vehicles are almost fully utilised. It is of considerable significance for the promotion of automated vehicles in last-mile situations to develop such research into real problems arising in the initial period.
Markers of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Ascites and Plasma in Patients with Platinum‐Sensitive, Platinum‐Resistant, and Platinum‐Refractory Epithelial Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Cantón-Romero Juan Carlos , Miranda-Díaz Alejandra Guillermina , Bañuelos-Ramírez Jose Luis , Carrillo-Ibarra Sandra , Sifuentes-Franco Sonia , Castellanos-González José Alberto , Rodríguez-Carrizalez Adolfo Daniel
Published: August 2017

Diverse proinflammatory biomarkers and oxidative stress are strongly associated with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). Objective. To determine the behavior of markers of oxidative stress and inflammation in plasma and ascites fluid in patients with platinum‐sensitive, platinum‐resistant, and platinum‐refractory EOC. Methods. A prospective cohort study. The colorimetric method was used to determine levels of the markers 8‐isoprostanes (8‐IP), lipid peroxidation products (LPO), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in plasma and ascites fluid; and with ELISA, the levels of interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF‐α) were determined in patients with EOC. Results. In ascites fluid, a significant increase in 8‐IP versus baseline plasma levels was found (p = 0.002). There was an important leakage of the TAC levels in ascites fluid versus baseline plasma levels (p < 0.001). The IL‐6 was elevated in ascites fluid versus baseline plasma levels (p = 0.003), and there were diminished levels of TNF‐α in ascites fluid versus baseline plasma levels (p = 0.001). Discussion. We hypothesize that the ascites fluid influences the behavior and dissemination of the tumor. Deregulation between oxidants, antioxidants, and the proinflammatory cytokines was found to vary among platinum‐sensitive, platinum‐resistant, and platinum‐refractory patients.
Origin and Evolution of the Ore-Forming Fluids in the Liyuan Gold Deposit, Central North China Craton: Constraints from Fluid Inclusions and H-O-C Isotopic Compositions
Authors: Ma Ying , Xiong Suo-Fei , Li Hua-Liang , Jiang Shao-Yong
Published: August 2017

The Liyuan gold deposit is hosted within Archean basement metamorphic rocks and controlled by the NNE-trending faults in the central North China Craton. The ore-forming processes can be divided into three stages (early, middle, and late). Three types of primary fluid inclusions (FIs) are identified in the Liyuan, including pure carbonic, carbonic-aqueous, and aqueous inclusions. The primary FIs of three stages are mainly homogenized at temperatures of 318–408°C, 201–329°C, and 136–229°C, with salinities of 2.1–8.9, 0.5–12.4, and 0.4–6.3 wt.% NaCl equivalent, respectively. The main Au mineralization is related to the middle stage, and water-rock interaction caused rapid precipitation of gold in this stage. The initial ore-forming fluids were likely magmatic water or metamorphic fluid and mixed with meteoric water at later stages. Due to the lack of granite body at the present mining levels, we speculate that it was magmatic water that might have been exsolved from a concealed granite body at greater depth or it was metamorphic fluid that was directly transported from depth via deep faults. Based on all the available geological and geochemical evidence, we suggest that the Liyuan deposit belongs to orogenic gold deposit that located in the interior North China Craton.
Evaluation of quality of life of gymnastics practitioners
Authors: Corrêa Thânia R. M. F. , Cintra Mariana M. M. , Paulino Tony P. , Silva Renata C. R. , Resende e Silva Débora T.
Published: August 2017

Introduction: Quality of life (QOL) of workers has been the subject of research for some time in Brazil. Therefore, there is the need to assess QOL and anthropometric parameters of participants, employees and trainees, teaching institution that carried out the practice of gymnastics in order to improve their daily work routine. Methods: gymnastics was held for the participants and the Brazilian version of the SF-36 questionnaire was applied were assessed height and weight and calculated body mass index (BMI). Results: A total of 21 subjects, 19% male and 81% female, mean age 35.47 ± 12.90 years. The sample had an average weight of 63.26 ± 5.80 grams and average of 1.64 ± 3.90 cm in height and calculated BMI, and obtained an average of 23.25 ± 2.90. The engines, emotional aspects, as well as social and mental are determinants in the aspect that influence QOL of practitioners demonstrating that the performance of such activity, even in a short period (three months) seems to bring beneficial influences on practicing everyday in such activity because the majority of respondents reported good physical and emotional health, and without prejudice to their work activities. Conclusions: Participants are satisfied and motivated with freedom of expression, participation in decisions and satisfaction with QOL at work, so with knowledge of the degree of employee satisfaction, institutions can help to direct prevention strategies, guidance and support of its employees in order to provide a healthy working environment. It was found that practicing gymnastics contributes to these results
Retrosternal Goiter – Cancer Incidence
Authors: Pinheiro Thiago Cerizza , Scandiuzzi Maissa Marçola , Rodrigues André Afonso Nimtz , Alcadipane Fernando Antônio Maria Claret , Iwakura Ricardo , Monazzi Bruno Vallim , Freitas Luiz Carlos Conti de
Published: August 2017

The retrosternal goiter is a rare thyroid gland disease, which mainly affects women over 60 years, characterized by increased thyroid size, weight and volume, which invades the thoracic cavity. Failure to perform the surgery has been recommended in some cases as an alternative way of improving the quality of life, especially in asymptomatic elderly patients. However, there is an incidence of cancer in retrosternal goiters associated with a higher rate of complications, justified the early surgical approach, especially in young patients, even if asymptomatic. This work results from a case report and literature review on retrosternal goiter and cancer incidence in a 62-year-old patient submitted total thyroidectomy with histopathologic findings after surgery, papillary carcinoma, follicular carcinoma and follicular adenoma. These findings alerts us to the possibility of cancer incidence in these patients, recommending in such cases, early surgical treatment
Partial and simultaneous remission of nephritis and autoimmune hemolytic anemia in patients with lupus after treatment with biological agent: a case report
Authors: Fernandes Marcus I. , Figueiredo Evania C. Q. de , Fernandes Maria Angelina C. , Dantas Camila M. F. , Ferreira Ítalo E. L.
Published: August 2017

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic inflammatory disease, systemic, of unknown cause and autoimmune nature. It features variable prognosis, depending on the affected organ or system. The renal impairment is the condition most often related to morbidity and mortality. This manuscript aims to contribute to the further evidence that early diagnosis of lupus associated with quickly aggressive therapy could increase the success outcome rate. Also, immediate recognition of therapeutic failures and change the treatment strategy must be applied. In this regard, a new therapeutic option seems to be the biological drug rituximab described in this study and which it is emphasised because of its possible and still supposed ability to act as a rescue agent for nephritis and hemolytic lupus anaemia, simultaneously, with effectiveness and safety. This article presents the case of female lupus patient with both severe refractory hematologic disorder and renal impairment, which had an evolution of the simultaneous restoration of urine output, and clinical and laboratory improvement of autoimmune anaemia after rituximab administration. The persistence of renal damage could not be ruled out, so the response to treatment was considered to be partial
Adolescent and puericulture
Authors: Del Ciampo Luiz Antonio , Del Ciampo Ieda Regina Lopes
Published: August 2017

From the nineteenth century, adolescence becomes aroused great interest in the society due to the process of economic, scientific and social development, which drives the creation of health services directed to the care of the people in the second decade of life. This article presents a brief history of Puericulture, the consolidation of Hebiatria and highlights the importance of services in an adolescent primary health care. Supported in some classic texts on the subject, it drew a parallel with the pioneer's paediatric health programs, to encouraging the actions of prevention and promotion of adolescent health at the primary level as a strategy to ensure healthy living conditions
Lack of association between ACE ID genetic polymorphism and diabetes or hypertension in Brazilians aged from 50 to 70 years old
Authors: Moraes Vitor Nolasco de , Bueno Junior Carlos Roberto
Published: August 2017

The present study examined the association between ACE ID polymorphism and diabetes or hypertension in individuals aged between 50 to 70 years old. The participants were recruited before initiating a physical training program and divided into groups, according to their genotype of the ACE gene; DD (n=40), ID (n=55), or II (n=31). The anthropometrical characteristics of the participants were evaluated and anamneses performed to establish if the participants presented diabetes and/or hypertension. From the data obtained for anthropometric characteristics, diabetes, and hypertension, we did not find any association with the ACE ID genotypes (DD, ID and II). ACE ID polymorphism may not have an association with diabetes or hypertension in the 50 to 70 years old Brazilian population, but it might have an association in other populations with different ages
Cardiac cmyloidosis: case report
Authors: Carvalho Priscila Nasser de , Rodrigues Mauri Monteiro , Vitorio Patrícia Kittler
Published: August 2017

Amyloidosis is a result of the extracellular deposit of seric proteins (amyloid) and almost all organs can be compromised. Cardiac amyloidosis is usually a progressive cardiomyopathy that has a bad prognosis. We present here a case report about a patient that had signs and symptoms of heart failure and left ventricle hypertrophy. Because it was not possible to make the diagnosis of cardiac amyloidosis in time, he died. This disease must be considered when no other cause for those findings exists
Trauma and stressor-related disorders
Authors: Martins-Monteverde Camila Maria Severi , Padovan Thalita , Juruena Mario Francisco
Published: August 2017

Trauma and Stressor-Related Disorders are psychiatric conditions related to exposure to a traumatic or stressful event, resulting in significant psychological distress social, professional and other relevant areas of the individual’s life. The clinical presentation of these disorders is characterized by symptoms of anxiety and fear, anhedonia, dysphoria, externalizations of anger, aggressiveness and dissociative symptoms. According to the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), the diagnostic categories included in this spectrum are Reactive Attachment Disorder, Disinhibited Social Engagement Disorder, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Acute Stress Disorder and Adjustment Disorders. The objective of this review is to introduce the debate on clinical conceptualization and therapeutic guidelines of Trauma and Stressor-Related Disorders, directing professional’s choice for proper therapeutic practices related to such diagnostic categories. Also, the authors discuss the consequences of early life stress (traumatic situations that occur in childhood and adolescence) in adulthood
Basic features of generalized anxiety disorder
Authors: Zuardi Antonio W.
Published: August 2017

This text is addressed to medical undergraduate students with aim to characterize Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) with emphasis on diagnosis and treatment. GAD is one of the most psychiatric disorders under-diagnosed. The main characteristic of GAD is persistent and excessive worry accompanied by physical symptoms related to autonomic hyperactivity and muscle tension. The comorbidity with depression and other anxiety disorders is frequently. The psychotherapeutic approach, in a wide sense, must be a priority in the treatment of this disease and, when indicated, the pharmacological treatment should not be the only therapeutic option
International Intellectual Property Agreements as Agents of Sustainable Development of Developing Countries
Authors: Ihugba Bethel Uzoma , Onyesi Ikenna Stanley
Published: August 2017

The paper examines the implication of International Intellectual Property (ip) laws and agreements on the sustainable development of Least Developed Countries (ldcs) and Developed Countries (dcs) and suggests approaches for improving the development and wellbeing of people in the developing world through national ip laws. The paper argues that generally international ip agreements may appear biased against developing countries and most dcs are reluctant to challenge the status quo and/or use the flexibilities of the international ip agreement to promote the wellbeing of their citizens. However, the article finds that ldcs and dcs could change this trend through the creative use of national ip laws and international agreements to promote the sustainable development of ldcs and dcs. The major instrument suggested for this shift in approach is the establishment of national ip administration institutions and the positive use of compulsory licences.
Resilience: Assemblage and Agency at the Echigo-Tsumari Triennale (レジリエンス (可能性): 越後妻有トリエンナーレ における集合体と主体)
Authors: Monsma Brad , モンスマ ブラッド
Published: August 2017

I will consider the Echigo-Tsumari Art Triennale in Niigata, Japan as an “agentic assemblage” (Jane Bennett) that moves beyond the conception of “land” or “site” as an inert stage for human artistic intentions. The festival functions as the distributed agency of an assemblage including rice fields, river corridors, rural villages and villagers, landslides, heavy snowfall and art objects. This view suggests a fractal causality in which art is conceived within a network of human and nonhuman activity.

As artistic practice, the Triennale makes visible webs of relationships that move beyond notions of site specificity or socio-ecological restoration. From a New Materialist perspective, the festival’s interaction within a mosaic satoyama landscape becomes a visible representation of an evolution of art away from exclusively anthropocentric intentionality. This view suggests deeper readings of the festival’s practice, particular artworks, and of the emphasis on performative food production and consumption – the mutual transformation of material bodies.

私は、人間のアート製作という目的のための単なる舞台として「土地」や「場」を捉えるのではなく、「行為主の集合体」（ベネット）という観点から越後妻有トリエンナーレ（新潟県、日本）について考察する。この トリエンナーレは田圃、河川回路、地方の村と村人、がけ崩れ、大量の降雪とアートを含み込むひとつの集合体の分散的な行為体として機能している。この見方はフラクタルな因果関係を思わせ、その因果関係のなかでアートは人間及び人間以外のモノによる活動のネットワークとして理解される。

アート実践として、このトリエンナーレはサイト・スペシフィック性あるいは社会やエコロジーの回復といった考え方をさらに越えていくような関係性の網目を、眼に見える形にしている。ニュー・マテリアリズムの見地からすれば、このトリエンナーレのモザイク的な里山風景のなかでの相互作用は、過度に人間中心主義的な意図性から離れていくアートの進化を明瞭に表している。このように見ることで、越後妻有トリエンナーレの実践、個々の作品、そしてパフォーマンス的な食物生産と消費の強調−−−−物質的なもの同士の相互の変形−−−−をより深く解釈できるのである。

This article is in Japanese.