bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF AN AZO DYE AND ITS IRON COMPLEX
Authors: Myek Bako , Sunday Nathan , Agbamu Ochigbo Festus
Published: March 2022

An azo dye and its iron complex have been synthesized and characterized using IR and UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The azo dye is prepared by coupling 3-aminophenol and 2-naphtol after which the iron complex is synthesized by coupling the unmetallised dye with FeCl3. The unmetallized dye has its maximum absorption wavelength at 436.00nm while the metal complex dye has 341.50nm. The IR spectra showed the value of –N=N- stretching frequency at 1458.23cm-1 for both the unmetallised dye and its metal complex, and which is within the range of 1400-1500cm-1. This indicates that the synthesized complexes contain azo an azo group. The IR spectra showed the value of C-N frequency at 1267.27cm-1 for both the unmetallised dye and its metal complex. Also, The IR spectra showed the value of O-H frequency at 3408.33cm-1 for dye while 3402.54cm-1 for metal complex dye. C=C has the IR spectra frequency of the dye at 1514.17 cm-1­which is within the range of 1450-1600 cm-1. The metal complex dye shows the IR value of Fe-N at 263 cm-1 and Fe-O at 576 cm-1
EVALUATION OF THREE PRE-EMERGENCE HERBICIDES FOR WEED CONTROL IN SOYA BEAN [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] IN DUTSINMA AND SOKOTO, SUDAN SAVANNA
Authors: Ezebuiro Placid , Yakubu A. I. , Audu M.
Published: March 2022

Field trials were conducted during the 2017 wet season at the Dryland Teaching and Research Farm of , Usmanu Danfodiyo University Sokoto (Latitude 13o 7’N, Longitude 50 10’E’) and Dutsinma in Katsina State (longitude 70 29’E,  Latitude 12o 27’N ). The aim was to evaluate Pendimethalin, Butachlor and S-Metolachlor for weed control in soya beans. Treatments consisted of Pendimethalin at 0.8, 1.0 and 1.2 kg a.i./ha, Butachlor at 1.5, 1.8 and 2.0 kg a.i./ha and S-Metolachlor at 0.6, 1.3 and 1.9 kg a.i./ha and control where weeding was done manually at 4 and 6 weeks after sowing. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design and replicated three times. Data were collected on weed parameters. Results obtained indicated that all the herbicide treatments significantly reduced weed infestation during the first four weeks after sowing but the crop experienced competition with weeds thereafter which varied according to the types of herbicides and their rates. Pendimethalin (1.0 and 1.2 kg a.i./ha, S-Metholachlor (1.9 kg a.i./ha) and Butachlor (2.0 kg a.i./ha) exhibited superior performance over other herbicide treatments. However, Pendimethalin at 1.2 kg a.i./ha caused injury to the plants though not prolonged. Hoe weeded plots faced early competition with weeds but were relatively weed-free during the reproductive phase of the crop. Soya bean farmers in Katsina and Sokoto could apply Butachlor 2.0 kg a.i./ha or S-Metolachlor 1.9 kg a.i./ha or Pendimethalin 1.0 kg a.i./ha for good control of weeds during the establishment phase of soya bean.
PRODUCTION AND PROPERTIES OF SEVEN ADHESIVES FROM GUM ARABIC (Acacia senegal)
Authors: Umar Gwangwazo Ibrahim , Usman A. H. , Abubakar A. A.
Published: March 2022

Adhesives are substances that are capable of holding materials via surface attachment that resist separation. They have wide applications in domestic and industrial areas. Seven different kinds of adhesives were produced using different reagents such (Na2CO3) with various concentration of 1%, 5%, and 10% designated as A,B and C,  and caustic soda solution (NaOH) of 0.1M, 1M, and 5M concentrations designated as D1, D2 and D3 were prepared separately. Viscosity and drying rate of the adhesives were measured and holding capacity of each adhesive prepared were tested. From the result we observed that the seven adhesives produced has higher bonding ability on paper, wood and bank note compared to glass and ceramics since the adhesive produced are purely from the same natural resources
FACTORS INFLUENCING ACCEPTANCE OF FARMER EDUCATION AND IRRIGATION TECHNOLOGY FOR SUSTAINABLE FOOD PRODUCTION IN KWANAR ARE DAM – KATSINA STATE
Authors: Saleh Aminu , Bako R. B. , Suleiman M. L.
Published: March 2022

This study was aimed at analysing factors influencing acceptance and adoption of farmer education and irrigation technology for sustainable food production as a means of ensuring food security in rural settlement of Katsina State – Nigeria. It provided insight on the underlying socio-economic factors influencing farmer’s decision to adopt education and irrigation technologies in the study area. A structured questionnaire was administered for selected farmers. Results obtained revealed that 94% of farmers were small holders with low level of education indicating that farming in the study area is highly dominated by traditional farming system that results in lower yields. It also indicates 87% of farmers were within the economic active age of 20 – 50 years. Farming experience, fragmented land holdings and poor extension services were directly related to the acceptance farmer education and adoption of irrigation technologies. The study concluded that training and educating small-scale small scale farmers that form the bulk of farming community in Nigeria are viable solutions to securing household food security, diversification of source of income and reducing rural poverty
PROXIMATE AND PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING: EVALUATION OF MINERALS AND VITAMIN COMPOSITION OF (hypoestes rosea) PLANT HARVESTED IN CALABAR, CROSS RIVER STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: Bassey N. O. , Eteng Ofem E. , Nelson V. A. , Essien N. M. , Udo E. P. , Ogar B. A. , Udosen E. O.
Published: March 2022

The positive values of medicinal plants cannot be over emphasized. Therefore, hypoestes rosea (hr) has been found to be useful in traditional health practice for the treatment and management of several illnesses such as hypertension, malaria, skin diseases, and diabetes mellitus. The plant materials were collected washed and blended then analyzed using standard methods. The ash content, fat, protein, fiber, moisture, and carbohydrate (mg/100ml) were; 8.50 ± 0.25, 8.60 ± 0.074, 2.90 ± 0.095, 12.11 ± 0.154, 62.50 ± 2.50, 9.06 ± 1.73 respectively. For the phytochemical analysis (mg/100ml) the following were determined involving saponins, terpenoids, flavonoids and alkaloids were; 17.86 ± 0.14, 3.30 ± 0.30, 11.935 ± 0.065, 4.34 ± 0.36 respectively. Result of vitamin composition showed that hypoestes rosea sample contains 0.033+ 0.001 (mg/100g) of vitamin A, 0.065+ 0.0005 (mg/100g) of vitamin B12, 0.0455+0.0005 of vitamin C, and 0.1655+ 0.0005 of vitamin E respectively.  It was observed that a 100g of hypoestes rosea was high in vitamin C (0.0455+ 0.0005) followed by vitamin B12 (0.0365+0.0005). Also, the result of mineral composition showed that Hypoestes rosea contains 0.035 + 0.00495 of Fe, 0.225 + 0.0005 of Zn, 1.045 + 0.00495 of K, 2.12 + 0.0 of Na, 0.26 + 0.01 of CL- respectively. The findings provide evidence that the extract of the plant contained some phytochemicals, thus suggested the presence of bioactive compounds which justifies their use in traditional medicines for the treatment of different diseases and also contribute greatly to human nutritional requirement for normal growth and development.
SYNTHESIS, GRAVIMETRIC ANALYSIS AND ANTIMICROBIAL STUDIES OF TRANSITION METALS (Cu(II), Zn(II)) COMPLEXES OF SCHIFF DERIVED FROM 2-HYDROXY-1-NAPHTHALDEHYDE AND 2-AMINO-3-METHYLPYRIDINE
Authors: Uba Bala , Muhammad C. , Uba A. , Muhammad A. A.
Published: March 2022

The interaction between 2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde with 2-amino-3-methylpyridine give an orange- yellow Schiff base and its metals complexes of Cu (II) and Zn (II) were green and dark-green respectively, both Schiff base and metals complexes were characterized using different analytical techniques such as melting point, solubility test, conductivity, measurement, magnetic susceptibility measurement, IR spectroscopy and TGA. The Schiff base and its respective metal complexes showed a sharp melting point and are soluble in ethanol, dimethylsulfuroxide and methanol but insoluble in water and slightly soluble in other solvent. The conductivity value obtained revealed that the synthesized complexes are non-electrolytes while an octahedral geometry was suggested for all complexes based on the data obtained from magnetic susceptibility analysis. The IR results revealed bands at 1596 cm-1 indicating the formation of azomethine (C=N) confirming the formation of Schiff base. 747 cm-1, 773 cm-1, for (M-N) while 465 cm-1, 469 cm-1 for (M-O) bands in the spectra of the complexes supporting coordination of Schiff base to respective metals. The thermo-gram (TGA) data of all complexes, exhibited three stages of decomposition which include loss of water, decomposition of the complexes and the formation of metal (II) oxide as the final product/residue. The in vitro antimicrobial screening of Schiff base and its metals complexes showed that they are potent antimicrobial agents against the tested microorganisms
SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITIES OF Ni(II) AND Cu(II) COMPLEXES WITH SCHIFF BASE DERIVED FROM 2-ACETYL-5-METHYLFURAN GLYOXIME HYDRAZONE
Authors: Aliyu H. N. , Adamu H.
Published: March 2022

A hydrazone Schiff base has been synthesized by the interaction of ethanolic solution of antiglyoxime hydrazine with 2-acetyl-5-methylfuran, to obtain the corresponding Schiff base L. The complexes of Ni(II) and Cu(II) of the Schiff base were synthesized and studied. The Schiff base and its metal(II) complexes characterized based on solubility, percentage yield, elemental analysis, melting/decomposition temperatures, infra- red spectral (FT-IR), conductivity measurement, magnetic susceptibility and water of crystallisation. The synthesized Schiff base and the complexes are coloured and stable at room temperature. Based on the results the prepared Schiff base and synthesized complexes are relatively soluble in most organic solvents but insoluble in distilled water. The melting point temperature of the ligand was 118oC while the decomposition temperature for metal complexes were 308 and 300oC respectively. The molar magnetic susceptibility of the complexes were 3.55 and 2.10 x 10-3 erg.G-2mol-1. The molar conductance values of 2.17 and 2.43ohm-1cm2mol-1 indicating non electrolytic nature of the complexes. The spectral data of the Schiff base showed band of 1584cm-1, revealing the formation of the azomethine. A bands of 791cm-1 indicate the metal nitrogen bond. The elemental analysis determination of the complexes and the Schiff base showed the metal ligand ratio of 1:2 (M:2L). The antibacterial and antifungal activities of the Schiff base and the metal(II) complexes were evaluated using disc diffusion method. The antibacterial assay was carried out on three pathogenic bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Streptococcus pneumonia and two fungi viz: Candida utilis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. All the Schiff base
GROUNDWATER POTENTIAL INVESTIGATION USING 1-D ELECTRICAL RESISTIVITY TECHNIQUE AT NIGER STATE POLYTECHNIC ZUNGERU, ZUNGERU MAIN CAMPUS, NIGER STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: ADAMU JOHN , Olanite Olarenwaju Ade , Yunusa Adamu
Published: March 2022

Electrical resistivity method employing vertical electrical sounding was carried out with aim to investigate groundwater potential at Niger State Polytechnic, Zungeru, Niger State. Ten points were selected at different locations within the campus for vertical electrical sounding (VES), using Schlumberger protocol. Maximum current electrodes separation (AB) of 120m was used. The investigation was carried out using Terrameter PE 02 SAS 300 system. The survey was able to investigate groundwater potential of the area. The IPI2win software was used for data analysis. The geologic section derived from geoelectric parameters revealed three subsurface layers. The first layer is interpreted as topsoil, the second layer is inferred to be weathered rock, while the third layer probably could be fresh basement rock. The thickness of the superficial cover is averagely 2.49m, and the depth to the basement is between 5.2m to 22.9m, the aquifer thickness ranges between 1.67 to 21.1m. The laterite in the second layer shown in some locations is of great importance as it reduces surface run off and aids infiltration into the underlying aquifer. The thickness of the aquifer component in the north-southern half of the study area is large enough to harbour substantial quantity of water. Areas around ZUN 01 and ZUN 05 could be potential areas for groundwater exploration. In this research, the depth to bedrock and aquifer thickness were determined, lithological formations within the overburden were delineated and approximate depths
APPLICATION OF LANDSAT-8 OPERATIONAL LAND IMAGER AND SHUTTLE RADAR TOPOGRAPHY MISSION-DIGITAL ELEVATION MODEL IN THE STUDY OF IKARA AND ITS ENVIRONS, NORTHWESTERN NIGERIA
Authors: Abdulmalik Nana , Garba I. , Abubakar I. Y. , Muhyideen H. , Agunleti Y. S. , Magaji S. S , Aliyu A. E. , Umaru A. O.
Published: March 2022

Images of the earth’s surface captured by radiometric detectors on air-borne (satellite) sensors were employed in geologic reconnaissance survey. They were used to study rock units, pattern and trends of geologic structures on the surface in 2D. Multispectral resolution Landsat-8 Operational Land Imager (Landsat-8 OLI), have nine spectral band with spatial resolution of 30 m (bands 1 to 7, and 9) and 15 m for band 8. The aim of this research is to discriminate lithological units/complexes and delineate fractures (lineaments), hence, only bands 2 to 7 were used for this study. This technique was used to discriminate existing lithological units and identify major and minor extensive geologic structures within the study area. These selected bands were selected, grouped and combined (Band Combination (BC)) and processed for interpretation using applicable Software Packages. Hence, for each procedure and maximum clarity in the output of results, three bands were combined for each analytical process. Bands 4,3,2; 6,5,4; 7,5,3 were combined for Natural Colour Composite (NCC), False Colour Composite (FCC) and Principle Component Analysis (PCA) respectively. The results revealed two distinct lithological Complexes due to their similarities in appearance and differences in mineralogical compositions. SRTM-DEM was used to highlight the topography showing the lowest relief at the northeast and the highest relief at the south east. More so, elongated ridges of intermediate-high reliefs were exposed at the southern part of the study area trending NW-SE. A lineament map and Rose plot shows dominant trend of fractures to be NNW-SSE, NW-SE, N-S, NNE-SSW and
Interaksi dan Hubungan Kausalitas antara Net Foreign Flow dan Return Saham Syariah (Studi Empiris Saham Syariah Jakarta Islamic Index Periode 2012-2018)
Authors: Zulfan  , Al Hashfi Rizqi Umar , Wendy Ary William
Published: March 2022

Dengan adanya globalisasi pasar modal, investor dapat melakukan investasi di berbagai negara sesuai dengan potensi keuntungan yang diharapkan masing-masing investor. Penilaian investor asing terhadap suatu pasar saham dapat berubah-ubah sesuai dengan informasi yang diperoleh. Penelitian ini berfokus menguji hubungan antara aliran modal asing dan return saham syariah pada Jakarta Islamic Index. Jenis data yang digunakan adalah panel. Sampel terdiri dari saham-saham yang secara konsisten terdaftar pada JII selama tahun 2012 – 2018. Kesimpulan yang dapat diambil dari penelitian “net foreign flow dan interaksinya dengan return saham di indeks JII” menunjukkan aliran modal asing berpengaruh signifikan positif  terhadap return saham. Hal ini disebabkan oleh optimisme investor asing terhadap perekonomian dan prospek pasar saham. Realisasi return yang sesuai diharapkan diterima oleh investor asing akan membuat peningkatan aliran modal asing yang masuk ke indeks pasar saham JII. Investor asing dalam berinvestasi menggunakan strategi momentum ataupun feedback trading positif.

Kata kunci: Arus Modal Asing, Pasar Modal Syariah, Jakarta Islamic Index, Return Saham
Pengaruh Inklusi Perbankan Syariah terhadap Pembiayaan UMKM Halal di Indonesia Periode 2017-2020
Authors: Afandi Ahmad
Published: March 2022

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis faktor dimensi akses inklusi keuangan pada perbankan syariah dengan proksi jaringan kantor perbankan syariah (BUS dan UUS) terhadap pembiayaan UMKM sektor halal perbankan syariah di Indonesia. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dan menggunakan metode VAR (Vector Autoregression) untuk menganalisis pengaruh dimensi akses inklusi keuangan terhadap pembiayaan syariah pada UMKM. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa jumlah kantor BUS dan UUS tidak mempengaruhi penyaluran pembiayaan pada UMKM. Peneliti melakukan analisis  kausalitas granger untuk menginterpretasikan hasil estimasi VAR. Hasilnya jumlah jaringan kantor BUS dan UUS tidak memiliki hubungan sebab akibat terhadap pembiayaan UMKM di perbankan syariah pada sektor halal. Hasil penelitian juga memberikan kontribusi literasi di bidang keuangan terkait dengan aksesibilitas pembiayaan UMKM berbasis halal pada perbankan syariah.
Assessment of Dangerous Traffic Situations for Autonomous Vehicles
Authors: Galántai Péter
Published: March 2022

This article will show some dangerous situations with autonomous vehicles. The main question in this article is how does the ACC (Adaptive Cruise Control) as an autonomous vehicle function work? In which cases must the driver act and how. The research showed some real life examples based on a Euro NCAP test. The car manufacturers say that the modern ACC systems can be well used in urban traffic, especially in traffic jam, but there can be some critical situations which can cause an accident if the driver does not act. These situations are collected in this article. The main aim of the article is to identify a methodological framework for estimating the proper operation conditions related to the analyzed automated driving assistant systems.
Huw Lewis-Jones, Imagining the Arctic: Heroism, Spectacle and Polar Exploration (London: I.B. Tauris, 2017)
Authors: Drury Christian
Published: March 2022

Tales of exploration are necessarily shrouded in doubt. Whilst exploration trades in discovery, its truth claims are often ambiguous and reliant on a handful of first-hand accounts. Even when achievement seems clear-cut, its value is often questioned, even before we get to the complex entanglements of exploration and colonialism. Huw Lewis-Jones has written a book about how Arctic exploration was made to seem heroic in nineteenth-century Britain, by returning explorers and their biographers, as well as wider cultural apparatuses of spectacle, display, and performance. He outlines the ways in which heroism was constructed and why Arctic exploration proved so valuable for doing so, particularly in relation to the discussion and promotion of the Navy.
Antibody Response of Covishield Vaccine among Health Care Workers at Rajshahi Medical College Hospital- A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Haque Md Azizul , Tarik Mohammad Hasan , Amin Md Ruhul , Islam Md Jahedul , Hasan Md Ariful , Bhuiyan Md Fazlul Kabir
Published: March 2022

Background: Nationwide vaccination against SARS CoV-2 is the hope for stopping the pandemic and death from COVID-19. Till today several vaccines have been developed. In Bangladesh, the Covishield vaccine was the first coronavirus vaccine that was administered to health care workers on a priority basis. To assess antibody response in our community, evaluation of response in this group was necessary.
Objectives: Our main aim of this study was to evaluate antibody response to SARS CoV-2 after vaccination with the Covishield vaccine in health care workers.
Patients and Methods: It was a cross-sectional type study. Eighty-seven purposively collected health care workers were included in the study. Demographic profile, Co-morbidities, and other variables were recorded in a questionnaire. Blood samples were collected to assess SARS CoV-2 specific antibody.
Results: Mean age in our study was 41.29±7.87 years. Most of them were between 35 to 44 years of age. Male: Female ratio was 3.35:1. Obesity (BMI>25) was present in 25.9% of individuals, hypertension in 33.3%, and DM in 14.9% of individuals. Overall 82.8% were vaccinated with the Covishield vaccine, and the remaining were not vaccinated. 96.6% were found to be antibody positive. All individuals (100%) who were either had a history of COVID-19 or received at least one shot of the Covishield vaccine were found antibody positive.
Conclusion: Covishield vaccine was found to be highly effective in producing antibody response among healthcare workers.
TAJ 2021; 34: No-2: 01-08
Comparison of Bronchodilator Response of Nebulized Salbutamol with Nebulized Salbutamol and Ipratropium Bromide in Patients with Acute Exacerbation of Advanced COPD
Authors: Hasan Md Aminul , Sheherin Sonia , Hossain Sardar Md Amzad , Amin Md Ruhul , Habib Md Ahsan , Ahamed Foysal
Published: March 2022

Background: Patients admitted with acute exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) are often prescribed ipratropium bromide in combination with a β2 agonist like salbutamol. Many studies have not shown any benefit in adding ipratropium bromide to salbutamol in acute exacerbations of COPD.
Objectives: To compare the response of combination therapy with two drugs vs. salbutamol alone in the treatment of acute exacerbations of COPD during hospital admission.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional comparative study was conducted among one hundred patients of acute exacerbation of COPD admitted in Rajshahi Medical College Hospital from January 2012 to July 2012. The patients were randomly allocated to receive either solution-1 (salbutamol 5mg alone) or solution-2 (salbutamol 5mg plus ipratropium bromide 500μgm) (all four times a day) on admission. All other treatment was prescribed at the discretion of the attending physician.FEV1 and FVC values at baseline, at 1 hour, on day 1, day three, and on discharge date were assessed. Patients completed a subjective symptom score at 1 hour, Day 1, Day 3, and on the discharge date. Length of stay in hospital was assessed.
Results: There was no significant difference in spirometric values at 1 hour, Day 1, Day 3, and during discharge between the two groups. The subjective improvement was similar with both treatments. There was no difference between the two groups in the mean (±SD) length of hospital stay (salbutamol 5.98(±1.67) days, salbutamol plus ipratropium bromide 5.8(±1.39) days; t=0.586, p>0.05).
Conclusion: The routine addition of nebulized ipratropium bromide to salbutamol appears to be of no benefit in the treatment of acute exacerbations of COPD.
TAJ 2021; 34: No-2: 56-63
Osteosynthesis of Intracapsular Femoral Neck Fracture by Cannulated Hip Screws
Authors: Rahman Khan Mohammad Mahbubur , Islam Md Samiul , Khaleque Abdul , Halder Rabin Chandra
Published: March 2022

Introduction: The reduction and fixation of femoral neck fractures within 12 hours is considered optimal. However, studies have reported insufficient fracture reduction, rather than surgical fixing time, is a predictor of complication. In our country, patients attend tertiary care facilities late, ranging from days to even weeks; hence 12 hours principle is frequently violated. The present study assessed the outcomes of surgically treated femoral neck fracture with cannulated cancellous hip screws within two weeks of the injury.
Methods: This prospective study observed 19 patients with traumatic intracapsular femoral neck fracture aged between 18 to 60 years and injury to surgery time up to 2 weeks. For the fixation of the neck, three standard cannulated screws (7.3mm cancellous) were inserted according to the "3 Point Principle". Data regarding demographic variables, baseline variables of fracture personality, and outcomes variables were recorded. The final outcome was sassed according to Harris Hip Score. The relation between the duration of fixation and the final outcome was analyzed.
Result: 19 patients with femoral neck fractures were included in the study. The mean age of the 19 patients was 36.58 ±11.93 years, with 16 (84.21%) of them from the male gender. The minimum duration from injury to operation time was 2 days, and the maximum duration was 13 days. Among 19 patients mean duration was 6.58 days with SD =±2.99 days. 73.6% of the cases had the surgery within 7 days of sustaining the injury. According to Harris Hip Score, 17(89.60%) of the cases had a satisfactory outcome. The relationship of final outcome with injury to operation time was not statistically significant (p = 0.421). This means there was no difference in Harris Hip Score between operations done early or late.
Conclusion: The time interval from injury to surgery did not influence the functional outcome. Cannulated screw fixation is a viable option in treating femoral neck fracture.
TAJ 2021; 34: No-2: 122-128
Rancang Bangun Aplikasi Katalog Elektronik Pariwisata Berbasis Web untuk Banyak Pengelola Objek Wisata
Authors: Nurfaizal Muhammad Fiqri , Cahyana Rinda , Satria Eri
Published: March 2022

Teknologi informasi digunakan dalam pariwisata agar mempermudah  mendapatkan informasi mengenai wisata dan alat bantu untuk memenangkan persaingan bisnis. Salah satu contoh teknologi informasi adalah aplikasi katalog elektronik pariwisata. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah membangun aplikasi katalog elektronik pariwisata berbasis web yang dapat menyajikan informasi pariwisata sehingga mudah diakses oleh para wisatawan dan pemilik usaha dapat berkontribusi dalam mengelola informasi secara langsung. Metode yang digunakan yaitu Rational Unified Process, sebagai salah satu tahap pengembangan aplikasi dengan tahapan yang digunakan yaitu inception, elaboration, dan construction dengan menggunakan teknik pemodelan Unified Modeling Language, serta menggunakan metode black box dalam tahap pengujian. Hasil penelitian ini yaitu aplikasi katalog elektronik pariwisata berbasis web dapat mempermudah wisatawan mengetahui informasi pariwisata secara lengkap mengenai tempat, sarana serta produk / layanan pariwisata yang ada di suatu daerah, dan dapat digunakan oleh pemilik usaha pariwisata sebagai media untuk membantu mempromosikan tempat usaha serta produk / layanan pariwisata yang dimilikinya.
Pemeliharaan dan Penggunaan Alat- Alat Keselamatan
Authors: Dwi Saputra Robi , Pertiwi Yudhanita , Warsito Seno , Priyono Yusuf
Published: March 2022

Alat keselamatan adalah salah satu hal paling krusial yang harus mendapatkan perhatian dan alat-alat ini wajib dimiliki oleh semua kapal. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pemeliharaan dan penggunaan alat – alat keselamatan pada KM. Camara Nusantara 2 yang dimiliki oleh PT. Wirayuda Maritim. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif untuk menganalisis dan menggambarkan pemeliharaan dan penggunaan alat – alat keselamatan pada KM. Camara Nusantara 2 yang dimiliki oleh PT. Wirayuda Maritim. Dalam pengumpulan data, peneliti menggunakan beberapa teknik, yaitu observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Penelitian yang dilakukan di KM. Camara Nusantara 2 ini menunjukkan bahwa para crew kapal melaksanakan pemeliharaan alat – alat keselamatan dengan baik dan sesuai standar SOLAS (Safety of Life at Sea).
A Bacterial Consortium and Synthetic Fertilizer Based Biocontrol Approach Against Potato Rot Disease “Neocosmospora rubicola”
Authors: Riaz Muhammad , Mahmood Rashid , Antar Mohammed , Akhtar Naureen , Khan Salik Nawaz , Anjum Muhammad Ashfaq , Smith Donald L.
Published: March 2022

Conventional management of stem rot disease of potato, caused by Neocosmospora rubicola, through fungicide application is an environmentally unfavorable practice that calls for an alternative biocontrol approach. Plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) are known to not only promote plant growth but also control diseases caused by various fungi. The study was designed to evaluate the potential of three strains of PGPB and synthetic fertilizer to manage stem rot of potatoes. In the first experiment, PGPB strains Azotobacter chroococcum, Azospirillum lipoferum, and Pseudomonas putida and their combinations were evaluated on PDA medium against N. rubicola using the dual culture technique. All three bacterial strains were found effective in reducing the radial growth of the fungus maximum up to 91%. In the second experiment, in the presence of half and full recommended doses of fertilizer nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), the potato growing medium was inoculated with N. rubicola alone, and with combinations of N. rubicola and PGPB strains (bacterial formulation; BF). N. rubicola increased stem and tuber rot, and decreased tuber weight by 11% compared to the control. On the other hand, sole inoculation with BF significantly increased tuber weight. In addition, a combined inoculation of N. rubicola and BF, or N. rubicola inoculation a week prior to BF inoculation did not affect tuber weight compared to control. However, inoculation of BF a week prior to N. rubicola, controlled rot symptoms and increased tuber weight by 32%. An increase in P application favored the PGPB strains in controlling rot in tubers. The interaction effect of fertilizer N with the inoculation combinations was non-significant; however, the main impact of N was to increase rot in tubers and decrease in potato stems. Hence a prerequisite application of PGPB formulation proved to be an effective tool against N. rubicola infestation in potatoes.
The Study of Biomechanics and Clinical Anatomy on a Novel Plate Designed for Posterolateral Tibial Plateau Fractures via Anterolateral Approach
Authors: Ren Weizhi , Zhang Wen , Jiang Shijie , Peng Jian , She Chang , Li Liubing , Mao Yongtao , Zhou Haibin , Xu Wei
Published: March 2022

There is no consensus about the optimal internal fixation selection for treatment of posterolateral tibial plateau fracture. This study described a novel plate through an anterolateral approach for posterolateral tibial plateau fractures (PTPFs). We evaluated the biomechanical performance of a novel plate and two conventional internal implants and investigated the anatomic feasibility of the novel plate. The fracture models were randomly assigned into six groups: Groups A–C were the model groups of posterolateral split fracture, fixed with the posterior buttress plate, the lateral locking plate, and the novel plate, respectively. Groups D–E were the model groups of posterolateral depression fracture, fixed with the posterior buttress plate, the lateral locking plate, and the novel plate, respectively. We evaluated the biomechanical performance of six model groups by the biomechanical testing and finite element analysis. Progressively increasing axial compressive loads were applied to each synthetic fracture model by using a customized indentor under 250–750 N loads. Meanwhile, we dissected 12 fresh frozen knee specimens and fixed them with the novel plate through the anterolateral approach. We recorded the adjacency of the novel plate to important anatomic structures. Biomechanical testing showed that the novel plate had the least displacement, followed by the posterior buttress plate, and the lateral plate had the most displacement in posterolateral split fracture. There was no significant difference in the displacement between the novel plate and the lateral plate at different loads in posterolateral depression fractures. And the posterior buttress plate showed the most displacement. In the finite element analysis, the maximum stress values of Groups A, B, and C were 383.76, 414.63, and 305.07 MPa under the load of 750 N, respectively. The maximum stress values of Groups D, E, and F were 474.28, 436.31, and 413.4 MPa under the load of 750 N, respectively. In the anatomic study, the placement of the novel plate had a low risk of damage to the important anatomic structures of knee posterolateral corner. The novel plate could be a great choice for the treatment of PTPFs due to better biomechanical performance and easy manipulation.
Disulfiram Suppressed Peritendinous Fibrosis Through Inhibiting Macrophage Accumulation and Its Pro-inflammatory Properties in Tendon Bone Healing
Authors: Zhou Qi , Wang Wei , Yang Fujun , Wang Hao , Zhao Xiaodong , Zhou Yiqin , Fu Peiliang , Xu Yaozeng
Published: March 2022

The communication between macrophages and tendon cells plays a critical role in regulating the tendon-healing process. However, the potential mechanisms through which macrophages can control peritendinous fibrosis are unknown. Our data showed a strong pro-inflammatory phenotype of macrophages after a mouse tendon–bone injury. Moreover, by using a small-molecule compound library, we identified an aldehyde dehydrogenase inhibitor, disulfiram (DSF), which can significantly promote the transition of macrophage from M1 to M2 phenotype and decrease macrophage pro-inflammatory phenotype. Mechanistically, DSF targets gasdermin D (GSDMD) to attenuate macrophage cell pyroptosis, interleukin-1β, and high mobility group box 1 protein release. These pro-inflammatory cytokines and damage-associated molecular patterns are essential for regulating tenocyte and fibroblast proliferation, migration, and fibrotic activity. Deficiency or inhibition of GSDMD significantly suppressed peritendinous fibrosis formation around the injured tendon and was accompanied by increased regenerated bone and fibrocartilage compared with the wild-type littermates. Collectively, these findings reveal a novel pathway of GSDMD-dependent macrophage cell pyroptosis in remodeling fibrogenesis in tendon–bone injury. Thus, GSDMD may represent a potential therapeutic target in tendon–bone healing.
In vitro and in vivo Repair Effects of the NCF-Col-NHA Aerogel Scaffold Loaded With SOST Monoclonal Antibody and SDF-1 in Steroid-Induced Osteonecrosis
Authors: Xu Bing , Luo Zeyu , Wang Duan , Huang Zeyu , Zhou Zongke , Wang Haoyang
Published: March 2022

In the current study, we synthesized nanocellulose (NCF)-collagen (Col)-nano hydroxyapatite (NHA) organic-inorganic hybrid aerogels loaded with stromal cell derived factor-1 (SDF-1) and sclerostin monoclonal antibody (SOST McAb) and investigated their ability to repair steroid-induced osteonecrosis. Rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and human vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs) were used for the in vitro study. A rabbit steroid-induced osteonecrosis model was used for the in vivo study. The best elastic modulus reached 12.95 ± 4.77 MPa with a mean compressive property of 0.4067 ± 0.084 MPa for the scaffold containing 100% mass fraction. The average pore diameter of the aerogel was 75 ± 18 µm with a porosity of more than 90% (96.4 ± 1.6%). The aerogel-loaded SDF-1 and SOST were released at 40–50% from the material within the initial 3 h and maintained a stable release for more than 21 days. The in vitro study showed osteogenesis and vascularization capabilities of the scaffold. The in vivo study showed that rabbits received implantation of the scaffold with SOST McAb and SDF-1 showed the best osteogenesis of the osteonecrosis zone in the femoral head. Imaging examination revealed that most of the necrotic area of the femoral head was repaired. These results suggest that this hybrid aerogel scaffold could be used for future steroid-induced osteonecrosis repair.
Design Wind Speed for Buildings and Facilities With Non-Standard Design Life in Canadian Wind Climates
Authors: Li Si Han
Published: March 2022

The design life can be longer than 50 years for critical structures or infrastructures and shorter than 50 years for non-residential structures or construction periods. Some building codes provide methods to derive factors for adjusting the design wind speeds for construction periods. Eurocode 1 provides a probability factor for calculating the design wind speeds for a specific return period regulated for a construction period of less than 1 year. The Australian ABCB Temporary Structures standard provides design wind speed for construction using a different assumption. The ASCE 37 in the USA provides design wind speed reduction factors for a design life less than 5 years by maintaining the probability of exceedance of the factored wind load for 50-year design life the same for a shorter design life. These approaches can result in different results and deserve some comparisons. The present study included another method that maintains the structural reliability of the non-standard design life the same as the structural reliability for the design life of 50 years. The derived factors for a design life shorter than 50 years using these methods were compared considering the Canadian wind climates. The calculated design wind speed adjustment factors for design life longer than 50 years were evaluated using various techniques and compared with the commonly used importance factors. The present study also characterized the directionality and seasonality of the Canadian wind climates.
Pregnancy Complications, Correlation With Placental Pathology and Neonatal Outcomes
Authors: Loverro Maria Teresa , Di Naro Edoardo , Nicolardi Vittorio , Resta Leonardo , Mastrolia Salvatore Andrea , Schettini Federico , Capozza Manuela , Loverro Matteo , Loverro Giuseppe , Laforgia Nicola
Published: March 2022

Purpose

We aimed to clarify and contribute to a better comprehension of associations and correlations between placental histological findings, pregnancy evolution, and neonatal outcomes.

Study Design

This is a longitudinal and prospective observational study, performed between May 2015 and May 2019, on 506 pregnant women. Clinical data related to pregnancy outcome, neonatal health status, and placental histology were primarily collected. Twin pregnancies or malformed newborns were excluded and therefore the study was conducted on 439 cases. These cases have been then subdivided into the following study groups: (a) 282 placentas from pathological pregnancies; and, (b) a control group of 157 pregnancies over 33 weeks of gestational age, defined as physiological or normal pregnancies due to the absence of maternal, fetal, and early neonatal pathologies, most of which had undergone elective cesarean section for maternal or fetal indication.

Results

A normal placenta was present in 57.5% of normal pregnancies and in 42.5% of pathological pregnancies. In contrast, placental pathology was present in 26.2% of normal pregnancies and 73.8% of pathological pregnancies. Comparison of the neonatal health status with the pregnancy outcome showed that, among the 191 newborns classified as normal, 98 (51.3%) were born from a normal pregnancy, while 93 (48.7%) were born from mothers with a pathological pregnancy. Among the 248 pathological infants, 59 (23.8%) were born from a mother with a normal pregnancy, while 189 (76.2%) were born from pregnancies defined as pathological.

Conclusion

Placental histology must be better understood in the context of natural history of disease. Retrospective awareness of placental damage is useful in prevention in successive pregnancy, but their early identification in the evolving pregnancy could help in association with biological markers or more sophisticated instruments for early diagnosis.
Time-Course Transcriptional and Chromatin Accessibility Profiling Reveals Genes Associated With Asymmetrical Gonadal Development in Chicken Embryos
Authors: Li Jianbo , Sun Congjiao , Zheng Jiangxia , Li Junying , Yi Guoqiang , Yang Ning
Published: March 2022

In birds, male gonads form on both sides whereas most females develop asymmetric gonads. Multiple early lines of evidence suggested that the right gonad fails to develop into a functional ovary, mainly due to differential expression of PITX2 in the gonadal epithelium. Despite some advances in recent years, the molecular mechanisms underlying asymmetric gonadal development remain unclear. Here, using bulk analysis of whole gonads, we established a relatively detailed profile of four representative stages of chicken gonadal development at the transcriptional and chromatin levels. We revealed that many candidate genes were significantly enriched in morphogenesis, meiosis and subcellular structure formation, which may be responsible for asymmetric gonadal development. Further chromatin accessibility analysis suggested that the transcriptional activities of the candidate genes might be regulated by nearby open chromatin regions, which may act as transcription factor (TF) binding sites and potential cis-regulatory elements. We found that LHX9 was a promising TF that bound to the left-biased peaks of many cell cycle-related genes. In summary, this study provides distinctive insights into the potential molecular basis underlying the asymmetric development of chicken gonads.
Transcriptome Profiling of Developing Ovine Fat Tail Tissue Reveals an Important Role for MTFP1 in Regulation of Adipogenesis
Authors: Han Jiangang , Ma Sijia , Liang Benmeng , Bai Tianyou , Zhao Yuhetian , Ma Yuehui , MacHugh David E. , Ma Lina , Jiang Lin
Published: March 2022

Fat-tail sheep exhibit a unique trait whereby substantial adipose tissue accumulates in the tail, a phenotype that is advantageous in many agroecological environments. In this study, we conducted histological assays, transcriptome analysis and functional assays to examine morphogenesis, characterize gene expression, and elucidate mechanisms that regulate fat tail development. We obtained the microstructure of tail before and after fat deposition, and demonstrated that measurable fat deposition occurred by the 80-day embryo (E80) stage, earlier than other tissues. Transcriptome profiling revealed 1,058 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) with six markedly different expression trends. GSEA enrichment and other downstream analyses showed important roles for genes and pathways involving in metabolism and that mitochondrial components were specifically overexpressed in the fat tail tissue of the 70-day embryo (E70). One hundred and eighty-three genes were further identified by leading edge gene analysis, among which, 17 genes have been reported in previous studies, including EEF1D, MTFP1, PPP1CA, PDGFD. Notably, the MTFP1 gene was highly correlated with the expression of other genes and with the highest enrichment score and gene expression change. Knockdown of MTFP1 in isolated adipose derived stem cells (ADSCs) inhibited cell proliferation and migration ability, besides, promoted the process of adipogenesis in vitro.
Intermediate Cells of Dual Embryonic Origin Follow a Basal to Apical Gradient of Ingression Into the Lateral Wall of the Cochlea
Authors: Renauld Justine M. , Khan Vibhuti , Basch Martín L.
Published: March 2022

Intermediate cells of the stria vascularis are neural crest derived melanocytes. They are essential for the establishment of the endocochlear potential in the inner ear, which allows mechanosensory hair cells to transduce sound into nerve impulses. Despite their importance for normal hearing, how these cells develop and migrate to their position in the lateral wall of the cochlea has not been studied. We find that as early as E10.5 some Schwann cell precursors in the VIIIth ganglion begin to express melanocyte specific markers while neural crest derived melanoblasts migrate into the otic vesicle. Intermediate cells of both melanoblast and Schwann cell precursor origin ingress into the lateral wall of the cochlea starting at around E15.5 following a basal to apical gradient during embryonic development, and continue to proliferate postnatally.
Metagenomic Sequencing and Reverse Transcriptase PCR Reveal That Mobile Phones and Environmental Surfaces Are Reservoirs of Multidrug-Resistant Superbugs and SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Boucherabine Syrine , Nassar Rania , Zaher Shroque , Mohamed Lobna , Olsen Matthew , Alqutami Fatma , Hachim Mahmood , Alkhaja Abdulmajeed , Campos Mariana , Jones Peter , McKirdy Simon , Alghafri Rashed , Tajouri Lotti , Senok Abiola
Published: March 2022

Background

Mobile phones of healthcare workers (HCWs) can act as fomites in the dissemination of microbes. This study was carried out to investigate microbial contamination of mobile phones of HCWs and environmental samples from the hospital unit using a combination of phenotypic and molecular methods.

Methods

This point prevalence survey was carried out at the Emergency unit of a tertiary care facility. The emergency unit has two zones, a general zone for non-COVID-19 patients and a dedicated COVID-19 zone for confirmed or suspected COVID-19 patients. Swabs were obtained from the mobile phones of HCWs in both zones for bacterial culture and shotgun metagenomic analysis. Metagenomic sequencing of pooled environmental swabs was conducted. RT-PCR for SARS-CoV-2 detection was carried out.

Results

Bacteria contamination on culture was detected from 33 (94.2%) mobile phones with a preponderance of Staphylococcus epidermidis (n/N = 18/35), Staphylococcus hominis (n/N = 13/35), and Staphylococcus haemolyticus (n/N = 7/35). Two methicillin-sensitive and three methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, and one pan-drug-resistant carbapenemase producer Acinetobacter baumannii were detected. Shotgun metagenomic analysis showed high signature of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in mobile phone and environmental samples with preponderance of P. aeruginosa bacteriophages. Malassezia and Aspergillus spp. were the predominant fungi detected. Fourteen mobile phones and one environmental sample harbored protists. P. aeruginosa antimicrobial resistance genes mostly encoding for efflux pump systems were detected. The P. aeruginosa virulent factor genes detected were related to motility, adherence, aggregation, and biofilms. One mobile phone from the COVID-19 zone (n/N = 1/5; 20%) had positive SARS-CoV-2 detection while all other phone and environmental samples were negative.

Conclusion

The findings demonstrate that mobile phones of HCWs are fomites for potentially pathogenic and highly drug-resistant microbes. The presence of these microbes on the mobile phones and hospital environmental surfaces is a concern as it poses a risk of pathogen transfer to patients and dissemination into the community.
Transadapting Western Picture Books Into the Arabic Culture: The Finnish Snow Queen and the Qatari Desert Queen
Authors: Al-Adba Alreem M.
Published: March 2022

This paper discusses a project that aimed at providing a visual and verbal transadaptation of the Western classic fairytale, The Snow Queen, into the Arabic Qatari culture. The illustrations were creatively transadapted to provide Qatari-specific imagery, and the verbal text was translated from English into Modern Standard Arabic while using the Qatari dialect for direct speech to make the text Qatari-specific. The new version, ملكة الصحراء (The Desert Queen), aims to reinforce Qatari children's national identity through the preservation and promotion of the Qatari culture and dialect, both currently affected by globalization. This paper also looks into the analysis of the transadaptation. All changes are categorized according to Newmark's cultural categorization and further analyzed in terms of the strategies used following Pedersen's model for rendering Extralinguistic Cultural References. The analysis shows how the strategy of substitution prevailed both in the visual and verbal components of the transadaptation, making it the main factor of domestication. This case study introduces some fundamental notions and techniques of transadapting any picture book for a specific culture or audience. Furthermore, this experience speaks of the relevance of preserving and promoting local culture as previewed by Qatar's national vision (QNV-2030).