bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CT colonography for population screening of colorectal cancer: hints from European trials
Authors: Sali Lapo , Regge Daniele
Published: August 2016

CT colonography (CTC) is a minimally invasive radiological investigation of the colon. Robust evidence indicates that CTC is safe, well tolerated and highly accurate for the detection of colorectal cancer (CRC) and large polyps, which are the targets of screening. Randomized controlled trials were carried out in Europe to evaluate CTC as the primary test for population screening of CRC in comparison with faecal immunochemical test (FIT), sigmoidoscopy and colonoscopy. Main outcomes were participation rate and detection rate. Participation rate for screening CTC was in the range of 25–34%, whereas the detection rate of CTC for CRC and advanced adenoma was in the range of 5.1–6.1%. Participation for CTC screening was lower than that for FIT, similar to that for sigmoidoscopy and higher than that for colonoscopy. The detection rate of CTC was higher than that of one FIT round, similar to that of sigmoidoscopy and lower than that of colonoscopy. However, owing to the higher participation rate in CTC screening with respect to colonoscopy screening, the detection rates per invitee of CTC and colonoscopy would be comparable. These results justify consideration of CTC in organized screening programmes for CRC. However, assessment of other factors such as polyp size threshold for colonoscopy referral, management of extracolonic findings and, most importantly, the forthcoming results of cost-effectiveness analyses are crucial to define the role of CTC in primary screening.
The rise and fall of infectious disease in a warmer world
Authors: Lafferty Kevin D. , Mordecai Erin A.
Published: August 2016

Now-outdated estimates proposed that climate change should have increased the number of people at risk of malaria, yet malaria and several other infectious diseases have declined. Although some diseases have increased as the climate has warmed, evidence for widespread climate-driven disease expansion has not materialized, despite increased research attention. Biological responses to warming depend on the non-linear relationships between physiological performance and temperature, called the thermal response curve. This leads performance to rise and fall with temperature. Under climate change, host species and their associated parasites face extinction if they cannot either thermoregulate or adapt by shifting phenology or geographic range. Climate change might also affect disease transmission through increases or decreases in host susceptibility and infective stage (and vector) production, longevity, and pathology. Many other factors drive disease transmission, especially economics, and some change in time along with temperature, making it hard to distinguish whether temperature drives disease or just correlates with disease drivers. Although it is difficult to predict how climate change will affect infectious disease, an ecological approach can help meet the challenge.
Optimization of a Moving Averages Program Using a Simulated Annealing Algorithm: The Goal is to Monitor the Process Not the Patients
Authors: Ng David , Polito Frank A , Cervinski Mark A
Published: August 2016

BACKGROUND

The patient moving average (MA) is a QC strategy using the mean patient result to continuously monitor assay performance. Developing sensitive MA protocols that rapidly detect systematic error (SE) is challenging. We compare MA protocols established using a previously published report as a guide and demonstrate the use of a simulated annealing (SA) algorithm to optimize MA protocol performance.

METHODS

Using 400 days of patient data, we developed MA protocols for 23 assays. MA protocols developed using a previously published report and our SA algorithm were compared using the average number of patient samples affected until error detection (ANPed).

RESULTS

Comparison of the strategies demonstrated that protocols developed using the SA algorithm generally proved superior. Some analytes such as total protein showed considerable improvement, with positive SE equal to 0.8 g/dL detected with an ANPed of 135 samples using the previously published method whereas the SA algorithm detected this SE with an ANPed of 18. Not all analytes demonstrated similar improvement with the SA algorithm. Phosphorus, for instance, demonstrated only minor improvements, with a positive SE of 0.9 mg/dL detected with an ANPed of 34 using the previously published method vs an ANPed of 29 using the SA algorithm. We also demonstrate an example of SE detection in a live environment using the SA algorithm derived MA protocols.

CONCLUSIONS

The SA algorithm–developed MA protocols are currently in use in our laboratory and they rapidly detect SE, reducing the number of samples requiring correction and improving patient safety.
The Effects of Products’ Aesthetic Design on Demand and Marketing-Mix Effectiveness: The Role of Segment Prototypicality and Brand Consistency
Authors: Liu Yan , Li Krista J. , Chen Haipeng (Allan) , Balachander Subramanian
Published: August 2016

A product's physical appearance is difficult to quantify, and the impact of product appearance on demand has rarely been studied using market data. The authors adopt a recently developed morphing technique to measure a product's aesthetic design and investigate its effect on consumer preference. Drawing upon categorization theory, the authors consider the effects of three dimensions of aesthetic design—segment prototypicality (SP), brand consistency (BC), and cross-segment mimicry (CSM)—and their moderating effects on marketing mix effectiveness in a unified framework. The empirical analysis uses a unique, large data set consisting of 202 car models from 33 brands sold in the United States from 2003 to 2010. The authors find that consumer preference peaks at moderate levels of SP and BC and that economy-segment products benefit from CSM of luxury products. Moreover, SP intensifies price sensitivity, and BC muffles price sensitivity while increasing advertising effectiveness. Two what-if studies illustrate how managers can use the empirical model to evaluate alternative aesthetic design choices.
Vom Richten zum Schlichten – juristische Entscheidungssysteme im Umbruch
Authors: Collin Peter
Published: August 2016

In den 1870er Jahren setzte sich in Deutschland ein liberal-etatistisches Justizmodell durch (Gerichtsverfassungsgesetz 1877, Zivilprozessordnung 1877). Schon kurz nach seinem Triumph geriet es aber in eine Krise. Man beklagte das komplizierte Prozedere und die Weltfremdheit der Richter. Reformüberlegungen erhielten Impulse durch die betont dem sozialen Gedanken verpflichtete österreichische Zivilprozessordnung von 1895. Gleichzeitig entstanden neben der ordentlichen Gerichtsbarkeit neue nichtstaatliche oder halbstaatliche Konfliktlösungseinrichtungen. Dieser Trend setzte sich im Krieg und in der Krise der Nachkriegszeit verstärkt fort. Die neuen Institutionen zeichneten sich vor allem durch drei Merkmale aus: eine Beteiligung von Laien, ein vereinfachtes Verfahren und die Berücksichtigung nichtjuristischer Entscheidungsrationalitäten. Der Beitrag veranschaulicht dies anhand von drei Beispielen, erörtert verschiedene funktionale Ausrichtungen und skizziert determinierende und influenzierende Faktoren, die den wirtschafts- und sozialpolitischen Kontext dieser partiellen Neukonturierung des Justizsystems deutlich machen.
Holter Monitoring and Loop Recorders: From Research to Clinical Practice
Authors: Galli Alessio ,   Cardiovascular Diseases Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Department of Clinical and Community Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy, Ambrosini Francesco ,   Cardiovascular Diseases Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Department of Clinical and Community Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy, Lombardi Federico ,   Cardiovascular Diseases Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Department of Clinical and Community Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
Published: August 2016

Holter monitors are tools of proven efficacy in diagnosing and monitoring cardiac arrhythmias. Despite the fact their use is widely prescribed by general practitioners, little is known about their evolving role in the management of patients with cryptogenic stroke, paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, unexplained recurrent syncope and risk stratification in implantable cardioverter defibrillator or pacemaker candidates. New Holter monitoring technologies and loop recorders allow prolonged monitoring of heart rhythm for periods from a few days to several months, making it possible to detect infrequent arrhythmias in patients of all ages. This review discusses the advances in this area of arrhythmology and how Holter monitors have improved the clinical management of patients with suspected cardiac rhythm diseases.
Individualising Anticoagulant Therapy in Atrial Fibrillation Patients
Authors: Alings Marco ,   Amphia Ziekenhuis, Breda, The Netherlands; Julius Clinical Research; University Medical Centre (UMC) Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
Published: August 2016

Non-vitamin K antagonist (VKA) oral anticoagulants (NOACs) have emerged as alternatives to VKAs for the prevention of stroke in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation. Four NOACs: dabigatran, apixaban, rivaroxaban and edoxaban, have received regulatory approval in Europe from the European Medicines Agency. Numerous factors can influence the decision to prescribe a NOAC, the most important of which are assessment of stroke and bleeding risks. Given the variation in design of the pivotal phase III clinical trials investigating the efficacy and safety of NOACs, and in the absence of head-to-head comparative data, it is impossible to recommend one NOAC over the other. However, NOACs offer the opportunity for individualised therapy based on factors such as renal function, age or patient/doctor preference for once- or twice-daily dosing regimens. Dose reduction of some NOACs should be considered in at-risk patient populations.
Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy: Electrical and Structural Phenotypes
Authors: Akdis Deniz ,   Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, Zurich, Switzerland, Brunckhorst Corinna ,   Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, Zurich, Switzerland, Duru Firat ,   Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, Zurich, Switzerland,   Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Switzerland, Saguner Ardan M ,   Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, Zurich, Switzerland
Published: August 2016

This overview gives an update on the molecular mechanisms, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and therapy of arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM). ACM is mostly hereditary and associated with mutations in genes encoding proteins of the intercalated disc. Three subtypes have been proposed: the classical right-dominant subtype generally referred to as ARVC/D, biventricular forms with early biventricular involvement and left-dominant subtypes with predominant LV involvement. Typical symptoms include palpitations, arrhythmic (pre)syncope and sudden cardiac arrest due to ventricular arrhythmias, which typically occur in athletes. At later stages, heart failure may occur. Diagnosis is established with the 2010 Task Force Criteria (TFC). Modern imaging tools are crucial for ACM diagnosis, including both echocardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging for detecting functional and structural alternations. Of note, structural findings often become visible after electrical alterations, such as premature ventricular beats, ventricular fibrillation (VF) and ventricular tachycardia (VT). 12-lead ECG is important to assess for depolarisation and repolarisation abnormalities, including T-wave inversions as the most common ECG abnormality. Family history and the detection of causative mutations, mostly affecting the desmosome, have been incorporated in the TFC, and stress the importance of cascade family screening. Differential diagnoses include idiopathic right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) VT, sarcoidosis, congenital heart disease, myocarditis, dilated cardiomyopathy, athlete’s heart, Brugada syndrome and RV infarction. Therapeutic strategies include restriction from endurance and competitive sports, β-blockers, antiarrhythmic drugs, heart failure medication, implantable cardioverter-defibrillators and endocardial/epicardial catheter ablation.
KLINIKINIS ATVEJIS: DVIGUBA MECHANINĖ PERITONINĖS DIALIZĖS KOMPLIKACIJA
Authors: Kasnauskaitė Irma , Lukaševič Diana , Rimševičius Laurynas , Miglinas Marius
Published: August 2016

Pateikiamas atvejis apie 52 m. policistine inkstų liga sergančią pacientę, kuriai išsivystė dviguba PD komplikacija – dializato pratekėjimas per bambos išvaržos maišą. Stebėti simptomai – neigiamas dializato balansas, pilvo apimties didėjimas, odos tempimas ir spalvos pakitimas pilvo srityje, apie bambą užčiuopiamas darinys. Atlikus ultragarso tyrimą buvo diagnozuota apatinio pilvo aukšto poodžio riebalinio audinio ir raumenų edema. Atlikus pilvo ir dubens organų KT, aptikta bambos išvarža, atlikta hernioplastika. Atnaujinus nuolatinę peritoninę dializę, dializato pratekėjimo nebuvo.
PACIENTŲ SAUGOS UŽTIKRINIMAS SVEIKATOS PRIEŽIŪROS ĮSTAIGOSE
Authors: Jerdiakova Natalja , Mikaliūkštienė Aldona , Kalibatienė Danutė
Published: August 2016

Reikšminiai žodžiai: pacientų sauga, pacientų saugos politika, pacientų saugos kultūra. Šiuolaikinė medicina sparčiai tobulėja. Kartu didėja klaidų medicinoje potencialas ir rizika neigiamai paveikti paciento sveikatą. Visos žmogaus klaidos gali sukelti įvairaus dydžio žalą, o sveikatos priežiūros sektoriuje net elementariausios klaidos gali tapti lemtingų pasekmių priežastimi. Todėl sveikatos priežiūros kokybė, jos užtikrinimas ir nuolatinis gerinimas, ypatingą dėmesį skiriant sveikatos priežiūros saugai, tapo svarbiu iššūkiu visoms pasaulio valstybėms. Nuo 2000 m. pasaulyje gerokai padidėjo naujų tyrimų, pranešimų ir ataskaitų pacientų saugos srityje skaičius. Europos Sąjungos politikai, valstybių vadovai ir tarptautinės organizacijos pradėjo kurti teisinius pagrindus pacientų saugai gerinti. Apžvelgus strateginius ES dokumentus pastebėta, kad pastarąjį dešimtmetį pacientų saugai skiriama nemažai dėmesio. Nepaisant pastangų, visose ES šalyse, formuojant pacientų saugos politiką, susiduriama su problemomis. Nepageidaujamų įvykių Europos Sąjungos šalių sveikatos priežiūros sistemose daugėja. 8–12 proc. Europos Sąjungos šalių ligoninėse gydomų pacientų, gaudami sveikatos priežiūros paslaugas, patiria nepageidaujamų įvykių, kurie atneša valstybėms nemažų finansinių nuostolių. Informacijos apie pacientų saugą, kuri būtų nuolat platinama sveikatos priežiūros specialistams, pacientams ir plačiajai visuomenei, trūkumas mažina galimybes gerinti pacientų saugą ir sveikatos priežiūros paslaugų kokybę, didina priešpriešą tarp sveikatos priežiūros specialistų ir pacientų bei sukuria tarpusavio nepasitikėjimą. Gerinant pacientų saugą pakankamai dėmesio turi būti skiriama komandiniam darbui, kadangi jis šiuolaikiniame pasaulyje yra labai svarbus kaip vienas organizacijos sėkmę lemiančių veiksnių.
PRIEŠIRDŽIŲ VIRPĖJIMU SERGANČIŲ PACIENTŲ VIDINĖ DARNA
Authors: Karpavičienė Vaiva , Kalibatienė Danutė , Gaigalaitė Virginija
Published: August 2016

Reikšminiai žodžiai: prieširdžių virpėjimas, vidinė darna. Darbo tikslas. Ištirti prieširdžių virpėjimu sergančių pacientų vidinę darną bei jos ryšį su sociodemografiniais ir medicininiais veiksniais. Tyrimo medžiaga ir metodai. Darbas atliktas Vilniaus miesto klinikinės ligoninės Vidaus ligų klinikos skyriuose. Tyrime dalyvavo 229 sergantys prieširdžių virpėjimu pacientai, 50–70 metų, amžiaus vidurkis 62,36 + 6,35 m., 130 vyrų (56,8 proc.) ir 99 moterys (43,2 proc.). Buvo tiriamos pacientų vidinės darnos sąsajos su sociodemografiniais veiksniais, prieširdžių virpėjimo trukme, tipu, klinikinių požymių sunkumu ir gretutinėmis ligomis. Vidinė darna buvo vertinama A. Antonovsky (1987) vidinės darnos skale („Sence of Coherence, SOC-13“). Klinikinė būklė vertinta remiantis klinikiniu ištyrimu ir ligos istorijų duomenimis. Statistinė analizė. Kokybinių duomenų skirtumams tarp atskirų respondentų grupių vertinti naudotas Chi kvadrato kriterijus (c2). Vidurkių tarp dviejų nepriklausomų respondentų grupių skirtumams vertinti naudotas neparametrinis Mann-Whitney kriterijus. Esant daugiau nei dviem respondentų grupėms, skirtumams tarp jų vertinti buvo naudojamas neparametrinis ranginis Kruskal-Wallis kriterijus nepriklausomoms imtims. Buvo laikoma, kad skirtumai statistiškai reikšmingi, kai apskaičiuotasis reikšmingumo lygmuo p < 0,05. Darbo rezultatai ir išvados. Prieširdžių virpėjimu sergantiems pacientams nustatytas vidutinis vidinės darnos lygis (balų vidurkis – 46,34). Sociodemografiniai veiksniai, turintys teigiamos įtakos bendram VD lygiui sergant prieširdžių virpėjimu, yra lytis, pajamos ir šeiminė padėtis. Vyrai visose srityse pasižymi aukštesne vidine darna negu moterys. Respondentų, turinčių didesnes pajamas, vidinė darna aukštesnė suprantamumo, prasmingumo ir bendro vidinės darnos vertinimo srityse. Nevieniši pacientai pasižymi aukštesniu prasmingumo ir bendru vidinės darnos lygiu. Amžius ir išsilavinimas vidinei darnai įtakos neturėjo. Prieširdžių virpėjimo trukmė, tipas, krūtinės angina ir širdies nepakankamumas 50–70 metų amžiaus grupėje įtakos vidinei pacientų darnai neturi. Žemesne bendra vidine darna ir jos sumažėjimu suprantamumo bei situacijos valdymo ir kontrolės srityse pasižymi III EHRA simptomų klasės pacientai, palyginti su II EHRA simptomų klasės pacientais
LAPAROSKOPINĖS MIOMEKTOMIJOS YPATUMAI ŠALINANT VIDUTINIŲ IR DIDELIŲ MATMENŲ MIOMAS. LOKALIZACIJOS SVARBA
Authors: Melech Amelija , Lūža Tomas , Mečėjus Gediminas
Published: August 2016

Reikšminiai žodžiai: laparoskopija, miomektomija, dydis, lokalizacija. Darbo tikslas. Įvertinti laparoskopiniu būdu pašalintų gimdos miomų dydžio ir lokalizacijos įtaką operacijos eigai ir komplikacijoms. Tyrimo medžiaga ir metodai. Tirtos pacientės, kurioms 2014 metais buvo atliktas laparoskopinis miomos (-ų) šalinimas. Pagal pašalintos miomos matmenis jos buvo suskirstytos į dvi grupes: vidutinių (iki 8 cm) ir didelių miomų (nuo 8 cm). Rezultatai lyginti tarp šių grupių. Lokalizacijos įtakai operacijai ir perioperacinėms komplikacijoms nustatyti pacientės padalintos į dvi grupes pagal miomos lokalizaciją į priekinėje ir užpakalinėje gimdos sienoje operuotas miomas. Vertinti ir analizuoti demografiniai duomenys, nusiskundimai, intraoperaciniai radiniai, operacijos ir hospitalizacijos trukmė, intraoperacinės ir pooperacinės komplikacijos. Duomenys rinkti ir apdoroti „MS Excel“ ir „MedCalc v 15.2.2“ programomis. Skirtumas laikytas statistiškai patikimas, kai p < 0,05. Rezultatai. Tyrime dalyvavo 96 pacientės. Vidutinė operacijos trukmė vidutinių miomų grupėje – 71.5 ± 41,7 min., didelių miomų grupėje – 73,6 ± 36,7 min., p > 0,05. Kliniškai reikšmingas nukraujavimas pasitaikė vidutinių miomų grupėje – 3 atvejais (5,6 proc.), didelių miomų grupėje – 7 atvejais (16,7 proc.). Iš kraujavusių pacienčių vidutinių miomų grupės buvo atlikta 1 (33,3 proc.), o didelių miomų grupėje – 3 (42,9 proc.) hemotransfuzijos. Vidutinis netekto kraujo kiekis grupėse buvo panašus. Palyginus duomenis pagal miomų lokalizaciją priekinėje ar užpakalinėje gimdos sienelėje, miomų skersmuo ir svoris grupėse buvo panašus. Operacijos trukmė priekinės gimdos sienos grupėje – 63,5 ± 24,5 min., o užpakalinės sienos grupėje – 76,8 ± 46 min., p > 0,05. Kraujavimas pasitaikė priekinės sienos grupėje 3 (9,68 proc.) atvejais, o užpakalinės sienos grupėje – 4 ( 9,8 proc.) atvejais. Netekto kraujo kiekis priekinės sienos grupėje 81,3 ± 114,7 ml ir užpakalinės sienos grupėje – 95,1 ± 167,6 ml, p > 0,05. Išvados. Nei miomos dydis, nei lokalizacija statistiškai reikšmingai nepadidina komplikacijų dažnio, hospitalizacijos trukmės. Nė vienu atveju nebuvo kritinio nukraujavimo ir nereikėjo operacijos konvertuoti į laparotomiją. Esant didelėms miomoms, tikslinga pasiruošti galimam kraujo perpylimui arba akylam pooperaciniam kraujo rodiklių stebėjimui.
KOMPLIKACIJOS PO PERKUTANINIŲ NEFROLITOTOMIJŲ. VMKL KLINIKINĖ PATIRTIS
Authors: Jaškevičius Arūnas , Anglickis Marius , Grybas Aivaras , Čekas Karolis , Štarolis Edmundas
Published: August 2016

Reikšminiai žodžiai: perkutaninė nefrolitotripsija, komplikacijos, inkstų akmenligė. Darbo tikslas. Apžvelgti Vilniaus miesto klinikinėje ligoninėje (VMKL) atliktų perkutaninių nefrolitotomijų rezultatus, atlikti jų analizę, palyginti su kitomis panašiomis pasaulio klinikinėmis studijomis ir suformuluoti rekomendacijas rezultatams gerinti. Tyrimo medžiaga ir metodai. Retrospektyviai analizuota visų 2012–2015 m. VMKL atliktų perkutaninių nefrolitotomijų duomenys. Įvertintos dažnos pooperacinės komplikacijos – karščiavimas, kraujavimas, pooperacinė hidronefrozė, kuriai reikalingas šlapimtakio stentavimas, bei kitos retos komplikacijos – žarnyno nepraeinamumas, pneumonija, pleuros pažeidimas, plaučių arterijos embolizacija, A-V fistulės susiformavimas ir sepsis. Rezultatai palyginti su naujausiomis PNL klinikinėmis studijomis, publikuotomis „PubMed“ duomenų bazėje. Rezultatai. 2012–2015 m. VMKL atliktos 137 perkutaninės nefrolitotomijos. 43 pacientams (31,38 proc.) pasireiškė įvairių poopercinių komplikacijų: karščiavimas – 16 (11,7 proc.), kraujavimas – 3 (2,2 proc.), hidronefrozė – 11 (8 proc.), pneumonia – 3 (2,2 proc.), širdies ritmo sutrikimas – 2 atvejai (1,5 proc.), po 1 atvejį (0,7proc.) buvo pleuros pažeidimas, sepsis, A-V fistulė, dinaminis žarnyno nepraeinamumas, tromboflebitas, PATE. Lyginant su literatūroje skelbiamais duomenimis, daugiau nustatyta karščiavimo, hidronefrozės ir pneumonijos atvejų, kitų komplikacijų buvo mažiau. Išvados. Vilniaus miesto klinikinėje ligoninėje sėkmingai taikomas inkstų akmenligės gydymas perkutaninėmis nefrolitotomijomis. Komplikacijų dažnis atitinka pasaulio studijose skelbiamus dažnius, o kai kurių komplikacijų dažnis yra net mažesnis. Mūsų duomenimis, komplikacijų dažnis priklausė nuo priešoperacinio paciento parengimo – infekcijos eradikacijos, nefrostomos, gretutinių ligų kontrolės ir gydytojo įgūdžių.
Energy balance at the soil atmospheric interface
Authors: Sedighi Majid , Hepburn Benjamin D P , Thomas Hywel R , Vardon Philip J
Published: August 2016

Soil atmospheric interactions play an important role within the thermal energy balance and seasonal temperature variations of the ground. This paper presents a formulation for the surface boundary conditions related to interactions between soil and atmosphere. The boundary condition formulated considers heat flow at the soil–atmosphere interface through mechanisms of shortwave radiation, long-wave radiation, sensible radiation and latent heat radiation. The effects of surface moisture flux on energy balance at the interface are explicitly included in the formulation. The developed boundary condition has been implemented in a numerical model for coupled thermal, hydraulic and mechanical behaviour of unsaturated soils. The evaporation component of the model is tested, and the results are compared with data from an experimental study at the surface of an area of agricultural land reported in the literature. The results of modelling have been found to compare favourably with the reported data set. The formulation developed for the soil atmospheric boundary condition allows climatic variables, including solar radiation, ambient air temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, rainfall and evaporation, to be incorporated in the long-term analysis of energy balance. This also enables a further detailed inspection of the climate’s role in ground thermal behaviour of ground source heat systems.
Efeitos da ginástica abdominal hipopressiva no puerpério imediato - estudo de casos
Authors: Franchi Emanuele Farencena , Rahmeier Laura
Published: August 2016

Algumas modificações fisiológicas inerentes do período gestacional e parto podem perdurar no organismo materno, acarretando possíveis complicações em longo prazo. Objetivo: o objetivo do presente estudo foi verificar os efeitos da ginástica abdominal hipopressiva (GAH) no puerpério imediato. Método: trata-se de um estudo de caso com duas puérperas internadas em uma maternidade pública. Realizou-se mensuração da diástase do músculo reto abdominal (DMRA), cirtometria torácica e perimetria abdominal, antes e após o protocolo de GAH, aplicado dentro das 48 horas de internação. Resultados: após duas aplicações do protocolo de GAH, houve redução da DMRA e alterações na expansibilidade torácica e perímetro abdominal, porém não conclusivo devido o número limitado de participantes. Considerações finais: a GAH é um recurso fisioterapêutico que pode ser utilizado no puerpério imediato, atuando precocemente nas alterações decorrentes da gestação e parto, prevenindo posteriores complicações.
Análise da aderência em diferentes programas de reabilitação cardíaca: estudo preliminar
Authors: Netto Almir Schmitt , Araujo Pablo Bertasso de , Lima Daiane Pereira , Sties Sabrina Weiss , Gonzáles Ana Ines , Aranha Eduardo Eugenio , Carvalho Tales de
Published: August 2016

Ultimamente tem se optado por exercícios de reabilitação baseada em domicílio como alternativa para a reabilitação cardiopulmonar e metabólica (RCPM). Objetivo: verificar e comparar a aderência a um programa de reabilitação, baseado a domicilio e identificar as barreiras que interferem na adesão. Método: ensaio clínico controlado – estudo preliminar. Foram recrutados 11 pacientes diagnosticados com doença arterial coronariana (DAC), sedentários a pelo menos três meses e clinicamente estáveis, sendo estes divididos em dois grupos de intervenção, grupo RCPM convencional (GC) e grupo de RCPM baseada em domicílio (GD). Os pacientes ingressaram no estudo, em momentos distintos, ao longo de 21 meses de coleta de dados. Foram avaliados os resultados referentes à aderência aos diferentes protocolos de intervenção e as barreiras, através da Escala de Barreiras para Reabilitação Cardíaca (EBRC). Os dados foram analisados por meio da estatística descritiva (média, desvio padrão e frequência), utilizando o programa estatístico Statistical Package for the Social Sciences - SPSS versão 20.0. Resultados: dos 11 pacientes, 5 foram alocados no GC e 6 no GD. Foi observada aderência superior no GD (106,3%) e o GC apresentou 86,1%. As principais barreiras encontradas no GD e GC foram “comorbidades/estado funcional” e “necessidades percebidas”, respectivamente. Considerações Finais: a aderência ao programa de RCPM baseado em domicílio foi superior quando comparado ao grupo que realizou RCPM convencional supervisionada. Adicionalmente, as barreiras que mais influenciaram na obtenção destes resultados foram igualmente relatadas por ambos os grupos.
Avaliação do perfil morfofuncional de recrutas ingressantes em uma unidade militar da força aérea brasileira
Authors: Campos Leandra Cristina Benetti , Campos Fábio Angioluci Diniz , Bezerra Thiago Augusto Rochetti , Pellegrinotti Idico Luiz
Published: August 2016

Objetivo: analisar o perfil morfofuncional de recrutas de uma unidade militar da Força Aérea Brasileira. Método: a amostra foi composta por 139 recrutas voluntários com idade entre 18-19 anos. Foram avaliadas variáveis antropométricas (peso corporal, estatura, índice de massa corporal, circunferências de braço, cintura e quadril, relação cintura/quadril, dobras cutâneas (tríceps, suprailíaca e abdominal) e percentual de gordura) além de testes de resistência abdominal, resistência de membros superiores e teste de corrida de 12 minutos. Os dados foram submetidos a procedimentos estatísticos descritivos, contendo média, desvio padrão, variação e percentual. Resultados: os resultados indicam 14,1±7,2% de gordura corporal, destacando que, de acordo com a classificação do estadonutricional do índice de massa corporal, 75,54% dos avaliados são eutróficos, 9,35% baixo peso corporal e 15,11% sobrepeso ou obesidade. O VO2max observado foi de 38,16±7,06ml.kg-1.min-1. Considerações finais: considera-se crítico a parcela da amostra (~ 25%) esta com peso inadequado (baixo peso ou sobrepeso) e a baixa capacidade aeróbia dos sujeitos.
Efecto de la deficiencia de N, P, K, Mg, Ca y B sobre la acumulacióny distribución de la masa seca en plantas de guayaba (Psidium guajava L.) var. Ica Palmira II en fase de vivero
Authors: Villegas Hurtado Daniel Andrés , Dussán Currea Sindy Lorena , Miranda Lasprilla Diego
Published: August 2016

La guayaba (Psidium guajava L.) pertenece a la familia Myrtaceae, nativa de América tropical; se destaca por ser una fruta de alto contenido vitamínico; es un cultivo con poca investigación y asistencia técnica, especialmente en el área de la fertilización. Se emplearon árboles de tres meses de edad de la variedad ICA Palmira II, con los siguientes tratamientos: T0: agua; T1: fertilización completa; T2: Completa -N; T3: -P; T4: -K; T5: -Mg; T6: -Ca y T7: -B. Las plantas fueron sembradas en sustrato de arena de rio y gravilla en bolsas de polietileno (2L); la aplicación de los tratamientos se realizó empleando la técnica del elemento faltante. Se determinaron contenido de clorofilas, numero de hojas, peso seco foliar y total, área foliar, longitud de planta. Se encontró que la omisión de nitrógeno en comparación con la fertilización completa, afecto variables de crecimiento tales como numero de hojas, contenido de clorofilas, acumulación de materia seca otras, este resulta ser el elemento más limitante en etapas tempranas de desarrollo de plántulas de guayaba. En cambio el tratamiento –B, el desarrollo de las plantas no se limitó, ya que no se reprimió la emisión de nuevos tejidos y acumulación de materia seca.
Effect of greenhouse heights on the production of aromatic herbs in Colombia. Part 1: Chives (Allium schoenoprasum L.).
Authors: Bustamante Nelson , Acuña John Fabio , Valera Diego
Published: August 2016

The tests were conducted in the municipality of Carmen de Viboral, 40 minutes from the city of Medellin (6º05'09"N and 75º20'19"W, 2.150 m a.s.l.). Three greenhouses with the same dimensions were used, with different channel heights of 2, 2.5, and 3 m, respectively. Temperature and relative humidity measurements were taken every 30 minutes for 3 years, and crop production was assessed. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of the height of the greenhouse on climatic conditions generated on a chives crop (Allium schoenoprasum). A multiple linear regression, colinearity analysis, and analysis of heteroscedasticity was performed to determine climatic variations caused by the difference in height between the greenhouses, and to determine differences in production levels.  For statistical analysis, the SPSS software was used.  The results indicate that, under the studied conditions, the greenhouse height directly affects the internal weather condition, reduction of 1 m in the minimum height of channel (from 3 to 2 m) resulted in an increase of minimum, average and maximum temperature by 0.37°C, 1.42°C and 3.56 °C, respectively, and consequently the chives crop yields, produced a 4.78% higher fresh weight of chives.
Effect of population density on the yield of export-type white yams (Dioscorea rotundata Poir.)
Authors: Pérez Polo Dairo Javier , Campo Arana Rodrigo Orlando
Published: August 2016

The limitations for yam crops destined for the export market include low yields per unit area and the production of deformed and overly large tubers that are rejected by the market, causing huge losses for small farmers. In order to increase the export competitiveness of yams, the effect of population density on the yield of white yams (D. rotundata cv. Brasilero) was evaluated. On the experimental farm of the Universidad de Córdoba, an experiment was conducted with a randomized complete block design and three replications using the following densities (treatments): 10,101; 22,727; 30,303 and 45,454 plants/ha, where the first treatment corresponded to the density used by producers (control). The following yield components were evaluated each time: number, shape, weight, size and production of export-type and non-export-type tubers. In addition, an economic analysis of the treatments was carried out to assess the impact of adoption. The export-type production increased as the population density increased, achieving the maximum yield with 30,303 plants/ha, surpassing the control by 197.75%; this population was also the most profitable, 116.67%. The shape, weight and size of the tubers were not affected by the population density; the cylindrical shape was the most frequent. It was concluded that the white yam cv. Brasilero population increase significantly influenced the number of export-type tubers per hectare, tripling the number, as well as increasing profitability
Desarrollo de la biomasa y raíz en plantas de lulo (Solanum quitoensevar. septentrionale) en respuesta al sombrío y anegamiento
Authors: Cardona William Andrés Andres , Bautista-Montealegre Luis Gabriel , Flórez-Velasco Nixon , Fischer Gerhard
Published: August 2016

El cambio y la variabilidad climática incrementan los periodos de lluvias, generando inundaciones y/o anegamientos, los cuales impactan en el desarrollo fisiológico de las especies cultivadas. En lulo, aunque se recomienda su siembra bajo penumbra, se estudió el efecto del estrés por anegamiento en condiciones de sombrío bajo invernadero. Las plantas de lulo, de 10 semanas de edad, fueron sembradas en materas de plástico de 5 L con un sustrato suelo y arena cuarcítica en proporción 1:1 v/v, se determinó el efecto de 65% sombrío en los cuatro periodos del anegamiento de 0, 3, 6 y 9 días, más 9 días de recuperación c/u, sobre el desarrollo de la biomasa de planta y las raíces. El sombrío disminuyó la acumulación de biomasa en todos los órganos vegetativos, especialmente en las hojas (-22,7%). No se presentaron interacciones entre el sombrío y el anegamiento. La raíz resultó ser el órgano más afectado por los periodos de mayor anegamiento (6 y 9 días), con reducciones del diámetro del cuello radical, longitud de raíz pivotante y del volumen y peso seco de raíz, mientras que, en consecuencia, la relación de biomasa entre la parte aérea y la raíz se aumentó. Durante el periodo de recuperación de 9 días persistió el efecto negativo de la privación del oxígeno en la rizósfera y, más bien, se agravó todavía más para los variables volumen y longitud de la raíz.
Организация и проведение университетского публикационного бенчмаркинга
Authors: Московкин Владимир Михайлович
Published: August 2016

Автором разработана технология организации и проведения университетского публикационного бенчмаркинга на основе информационно-аналитических систем РИНЦ, Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar и Research Gate, как на уровне подразделений, так и университета в целом. Суть его состоит в построении с равным интервалом времени бенчмаркинговых таблиц по публикационной активности и цитируемости ученых подразделений университета и подразделений в целом, включая индекс Хирша, назначении целевых показателей по этим индикаторам и их выполнения с использованием лучшей практики.
Cinética de secagem de vagens de algaroba (Prosopis juliflora SW)
Authors: Nascimento A. P. S. , Lima A. K. S. , Cavalcanti C. F. , Gusmão R. P.
Published: August 2016

O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar a cinética de secagem de vagens de algaroba em secador convectivo, nas temperaturas de 60, 70 e 80 °C. A secagem foi conduzida em camada fina, em um secador com circulação de ar, onde as vagens foram colocados em um recipiente de alumínio, medindo 20 mm de comprimento e 10 mm de largura, com capacidade de aproximadamente 10 g. Para representar o comportamento cinético da secagem foram utilizados os modelos matemáticos de Page, Henderson & Pabis e Exponencial de Dois Termos. A partir dos resultados obtidos foi possível concluir que a secagem das vagens de algaroba ocorreu durante o período de taxa decrescente e é influenciada pela ação da temperatura, ou seja, ao aumentar a temperatura de secagem tem-se uma diminuição no tempo de estabilização, podendo este processo ser representado pelos três modelos matemáticos estudados, sendo o modelo Exponencial de Dois Termos o que melhor se ajustou aos dados experimentais apresentando coeficiente de determinação superior a 99,8% e desvios quadráticos médios menores que 0,05.

Drying kinetics of pods of algaroba (Prosopis juliflora SW)

Abstract: The objective of this work was to study the drying kinetics of algaroba pods in convective dryer at temperatures of 60, 70 and 80 °C. The drying was carried out in thin layer in a circulating air dryer where the beans were placed in a fine mesh metal container measuring 20 mm long and 10 mm wide, with a capacity of approximately 10 g. To represent the kinetics of drying the mathematical models of Page, Henderson and Pabis and Exponential of Two Terms were tested. Based on the results obtained it was concluded that the drying of algaroba pods occurs during falling rate period and is influenced by the action of temperature, in other words, by increasing the drying temperature has been a decrease in settling time, this process can be represented by the three mathematical models considered, being the Exponential of Two Terms model which best fits the experimental data showing higher coefficient of determination 98% and lower DQM. 
Qualidade físico-química de farinhas de genótipos de berinjela (Solanum melongena L.) submetidas ao cultivo orgânico
Authors: Silva Rosicleide Dos Santos da , Pereira Emmanuel Moreira , Costa José Carlos da , Oliveira Fernando Luiz Nunes , Azerêdo Geíza Alves de
Published: August 2016

Atrelado ao valor nutricional vem sendo atribuída à berinjela algumas propriedades funcionais, como a capacidade de diminuir o colesterol plasmático e o efeito hipoglicêmico. Por suas características nutricionais, a farinha de berinjela se destaca como um importante ingrediente alimentar, visto que apresenta, em relação à farinha de trigo, maior teor de proteínas, cinzas e fibra alimentar. Dados sobre os efeitos benéficos da berinjela evidenciam a importância do conhecimento detalhado de sua composição química para especificações nutricionais, adequação de dietas e para a ciência de alimentos. Em vista do manejo diferenciado, o cultivo sustentável demanda cultivares bem adaptadas e que proporcionem o melhor rendimento e elevado padrão de qualidade, o que pode interferir na composição dos frutos e, por conseguinte na farinha elaborada a partir destes. Dessa maneira, objetivou-se avaliar as características físico-químicas das farinhas de berinjela de diferentes genótipos sob o sistema de cultivo orgânico. Os resultados demonstraram que o genótipo comprida foi o que proporcionou a obtenção de uma farinha com maior potencial nutritivo, destacando-se nos conteúdos de proteínas, lipídeos e cinzas, frente aos demais materiais analisados.

Physicalchemical quality of the flour of eggplants genotypes (Solanum melongena L.) submitted to an organic cultivation

Abstract: Besides its nutritional value, it has been atributed to  eggplant some functional properties, just like the capacity to diminish  plasmatic cholestherol and its hypoglycemic effects, the eggplant outstands, for its nutritional characteristics, as an important ingredient , said that it shows in relation to wheat flour (ordinary baking flour) a bigger fiber and protein rate. Datum about the benefits of the eggplant raise the relevance on the detailed knowledge of its chemical composition to  nutritional especifications. From adequating diets to food industialization sciences, and to the care and attention of the particular handling, the sustainable cultivation demands. Well-adapted practices which brings the best results and high quality levels which can interfere on the composition of the fruit, therefore in the flour made of these ones. This way, the objective was to evaluate the physicalchemichal charactheristics of the flours made of different eggplant genotypes under the organic cultivation system. The results showed that the long genotype "comprido " is the one of which is made the flour, which contains the best potential of nutrition, outstanding the contents of protein, lipids and ashes before the other observed materials.
Mapeamento da deposição irregular dos resíduos provenientes da construção civil na cidade de Mossoró-RN
Authors: Oliveira Giordanio Bruno Silva , Brito Ellen Ramona de Almeida Correia , Lima Luan Alves , Sousa Leonardo Vieira de , Oliveira Frnacisco De Assis de
Published: August 2016

A construção civil tem sido considerada uma das mais importantes atividades para o desenvolvimento da sociedade, porém é uma atividade que causa impactos ambientais, pois utiliza recursos naturais, modifica o meio ambiente e gera um grande volume de resíduos. Nota-se que as atividades ligadas à construção civil no município de Mossoró-RN, são responsáveis por gerar uma quantidade considerável de resíduos de construção civil (RCC), que na maioria das vezes, são depositados em locais irregulares, por não haver na cidade um local específico para esse fim. Esses resíduos constituem um grave problema, tanto para o meio ambiente quanto para qualidade de vida da população. A pesquisa foi realizada com o objetivo de mapear áreas de depósito irregular de resíduos provenientes da construção civil na cidade de Mossoró-RN. Foi realizada a demarcação dos pontos de acordo com a localização do despejo dos resíduos, com a finalidade de identificar e indicar sua localização dentro da zona urbana de Mossoró-RN. No presente estudo, foi possível identificar 11 pontos de deposição irregular de resíduos provenientes da construção civil, espalhados em diferentes locais da cidade, alguns situando-se próximo de áreas residenciais, o que caracteriza sérios riscos à saúde pública, e outros dispostos próximos de cursos d’água, o que provoca degradação do meio ambiente.

Mapping of irregular dumping of solid waste from construction industry at Mossoró-RN, Brazil

Abstract: Construction industry has been considered one of the most important activities regarding to society development, however it causes environmental impacts, because it uses natural resources, modifies the environment and generate a huge amount of waste. It was observed that in Mossoró, RN, Brazil, a large amount of construction waste is often deposed in unauthorized sites because the municipality does not provide a specific site for this purpose. Such waste is a serious problem for the environment and for the people’s quality of living. In this context a research was carried out with the objective of mapping sites of non authorized deposition of construction waste in the city of Mossoró, RN, Brazil. With this intent, points were georeferenced according to the location of deposition of waste, with the objective of identifying and indicating its location inside the urban zone of the city. At the end of the study were identified eleven sites of unauthorized deposition of construction waste, all over the city, some of which were located near residential areas, what poses a serious hazard to public health, while other sites were near water streams, what promote environmental degradation.
Upper Body of Dummy Humanoid Robot with Exterior Deformation Mechanism for Evaluation of Assistive Products and Technologies
Authors: Ogata Kunihiro ,   Research Institute, National Rehabilitation Center for Persons with Disabilities, Kawamura Tomoya , Ono Eiichi , Nakayama Tsuyoshi , Matsuhira Nobuto ,   Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, College of Engineering, Shibaura Institute of Technology
Published: August 2016

[abstFig src='/00280004/17.jpg' width='300' text='Dummy robot with exterior deformation mechanism' ] People suffering from tetraplegia are unable to perform many activities of daily living, such as dressing and toileting. The purpose of this study is to develop a dummy humanoid robot to assess assistive products and technologies for patients of tetraplegia. This paper describes the mechanism, motion planning, and sensing system of the dummy robot. The proposed dummy robot has upper-arm mechanisms that simulate the human collarbones based on a functional anatomy. To realize a variety of body shapes, the proposed robot has deformation mechanisms that use linear actuators and rotating servo-motors. The sensing system of the dummy robot can measure clothing pressure before and after exterior deformation is measured, and can hence detect changes in it.
A Transparência como Espetáculo: uma análise dos portais de transparência de estados brasileiros
Authors: Abdala Paulo Ricardo Zilio , Souza de Oliveira e Torres Carlos Marcos
Published: August 2016

O objetivo deste trabalho é avaliar a funcionalidade dos portais de transparência dos estados como fonte de acesso à informação e espaços de fortalecimento da participação e do controle social. Para isso, apresenta uma análise detalhada dos sites de transparência de cinco estados, um por região, adotando duplo procedimento: aplicação de um instrumento de avaliação de portais (Sales, 2012) e realização de uma busca ativa pelos repasses aos estados de um fundo de origem federal. Os resultados apontam as lacunas específicas de cada portal, destacando a dificuldade de acesso à informação e a baixa oferta de funções interativas, essenciais para o exercício do controle e da participação social. Conclui-se que os portais de transparência dos estados continuam sendo espaços que se limitam ao cumprimento da legislação, sem o desenvolvimento de funcionalidades que poderiam fomentar a cultura da política participativa, ainda restrita, em sua dimensão eletrônica, a um processo de espetacularização.
Wettability Alteration of Heavy-Oil-Bitumen-Containing Carbonates by Use of Solvents, High-pH Solutions, and Nano/Ionic Liquids
Authors: Cao Nahai , Almojtaba Mohammed M.. , Babadagli Tayfun
Published: August 2016

Capillary imbibition tests are commonly applied to measure wettability-alteration potential of chemicals. However, these tests are exhaustive, time-consuming, and expensive, and the underlying physics of the alteration process from a surface-chemistry point of view is often limited and/or unexplained. Contact-angle measurement is a quicker and more-feasible screening tool to assess the emerging wettability modifiers. It also provides visual data on the mechanics of the wettability-alteration process. This paper focuses on contact-angle measurements as a means to evaluate the wettability alteration on mineral plates and porous-rock samples. Imidazolium ionic liquids were tested at different concentrations. To study the effect of pH on the wettability, sodium chloride and sodium borate were used at different concentrations. The composition of divalent ions was varied because of their possible use with low-/high-salinity water as wettability-alteration agents. Unmodified and surface-modified silica, zirconium, and alumina nanoparticles were also tested.

Contact-angle measurements were performed initially on mica, marble, and calcite plates. Experiments were repeated on polished surfaces of Berea sandstone, Indiana limestone, and cleaned Grosmont carbonate cores. Oils (pure and solvent-mixed crude oils) with different viscosities and densities were used to test the effect of oil type on the process. The images were obtained by an single-lens reflex (SLR) camera at different temperatures ranging from 25 to 80°C. By testing with different concentrations, the optimum chemicals were found for different mineral-plate/porous-rock systems. Then, the results were cross checked with the imbibition tests performed on the same samples to validate the contact-angle-measurement observations.

Thermal-stability tests were also performed in case of their use during or after a thermal method. For the thermal-stability tests, contact-angle experiments were conducted in a high-pressure and high-temperature (up to 200°C) cell. It was shown that certain ionic liquids and nanofluids are stable at high temperatures and can be efficiently used at low concentrations.