bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bioactive Molecules Release and Cellular Responses of Alginate-Tricalcium Phosphate Particles Hybrid Gel
Authors: Das Dipankar , Bang Sumi , Zhang Shengmin , Noh Insup
Published: November 2017

In this article, a hybrid gel has been developed using sodium alginate (Alg) and α-tricalcium phosphate (α-TCP) particles through ionic crosslinking process for the application in bone tissue engineering. The effects of pH and composition of the gel on osteoblast cells (MC3T3) response and bioactive molecules release have been evaluated. At first, a slurry of Alg and α-TCP has been prepared using an ultrasonicator for the homogeneous distribution of α-TCP particles in the Alg network and to achieve adequate interfacial interaction between them. After that, CaCl2 solution has been added to the slurry so that ionic crosslinked gel (Alg-α-TCP) is formed. The developed hybrid gel has been physico-chemically characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and a swelling study. The SEM analysis depicted the presence of α-TCP micro-particles on the surface of the hybrid gel, while cross-section images signified that the α-TCP particles are fully embedded in the porous gel network. Different % swelling ratio at pH 4, 7 and 7.4 confirmed the pH responsiveness of the Alg-α-TCP gel. The hybrid gel having lower % α-TCP particles showed higher % swelling at pH 7.4. The hybrid gel demonstrated a faster release rate of bovine serum albumin (BSA), tetracycline (TCN) and dimethyloxalylglycine (DMOG) at pH 7.4 and for the grade having lower % α-TCP particles. The MC3T3 cells are viable inside the hybrid gel, while the rate of cell proliferation is higher at pH 7.4 compared to pH 7. The in vitro cytotoxicity analysis using thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide (MTT), bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) and neutral red assays ascertained that the hybrid gel is non-toxic for MC3T3 cells. The experimental results implied that the non-toxic and biocompatible Alg-α-TCP hybrid gel could be used as scaffold in bone tissue engineering.
Dietary Supplement Use among Australian Adults: Findings from the 2011–2012 National Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey
Authors: Burnett Alissa , Livingstone Katherine , Woods Julie , McNaughton Sarah
Published: November 2017

(1) Background: Supplement use is prevalent worldwide; however, there are limited studies examining the characteristics of people who take supplements in Australia. This study aimed to investigate the demographics, lifestyle habits and health status of supplement users; (2) Methods: Adults aged >19 years (n = 4895) were included from the 2011–2012 National Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey (NNPAS). A supplement user was defined as anyone who took one or more supplements on either of two 24-h dietary recalls. Poisson regression was used to estimate the prevalence ratio (PR) of supplement use, according to demographics, lifestyle characteristics and health status of participants; (3) Results: Supplement use was reported by 47% of women and 34% of men, and supplement use was higher among older age groups, among those with higher education levels and from areas reflecting the least socioeconomic disadvantaged. An association was found between blood pressure and supplement use; (4) Conclusions: A substantial proportion of Australians take supplements. Further investigation into the social, psychological and economic determinants that motivate the use of supplements is required, to ensure appropriate use of supplements among Australian adults.
Ionospheric Reconstructions Using Faraday Rotation in Spaceborne Polarimetric SAR Data
Authors: Wang Cheng , Chen Liang , Zhao Haisheng , Lu Zheng , Bian Mingming , Zhang Running , Feng Jian
Published: November 2017

It is well known that the Faraday rotation (FR) is obviously embedded in spaceborne polarimetric synthetic aperture radar (PolSAR) data at L-band and lower frequencies. By model inversion, some widely used FR angle estimators have been proposed for compensation and provide a new field in high-resolution ionospheric soundings. However, as an integrated product of electron density and the parallel component of the magnetic field, FR angle measurements/observations demonstrate the ability to characterize horizontal ionosphere. In order to make a general study of ionospheric structure, this paper reconstructs the electron density distribution based on a modified two-dimensional computerized ionospheric tomography (CIT) technique, where the FR angles, rather than the total electron content (TEC), are regarded as the input. By using the full-pol (full polarimetric) data of Phase Array L-band Synthetic Aperture Radar (PALSAR) on board Advanced Land Observing Satellite (ALOS), International Reference Ionosphere (IRI) and International Geomagnetic Reference Field (IGRF) models, numerical simulations corresponding to different FR estimators and SAR scenes are made to validate the proposed technique. In simulations, the imaging of kilometer-scale ionospheric disturbances, a spatial scale that is rarely detectable by CIT using GPS, is presented. In addition, the ionospheric reconstruction using SAR polarimetric information does not require strong point targets within a SAR scene, which is necessary for CIT using SAR imaging information. Finally, the effects of system errors including noise, channel imbalance and crosstalk on the reconstruction results are also analyzed to show the applicability of CIT based on spaceborne full-pol SAR data.
Sensitivity to Heavy-Metal Ions of Unfolded Fullerene Quantum Dots
Authors: Ciotta Erica , Paoloni Stefano , Richetta Maria , Prosposito Paolo , Tagliatesta Pietro , Lorecchio Chiara , Venditti Iole , Fratoddi Ilaria , Casciardi Stefano , Pizzoferrato Roberto
Published: November 2017

A novel type of graphene-like quantum dots, synthesized by oxidation and cage-opening of C60 buckminsterfullerene, has been studied as a fluorescent and absorptive probe for heavy-metal ions. The lattice structure of such unfolded fullerene quantum dots (UFQDs) is distinct from that of graphene since it includes both carbon hexagons and pentagons. The basic optical properties, however, are similar to those of regular graphene oxide quantum dots. On the other hand, UFQDs behave quite differently in the presence of heavy-metal ions, in that multiple sensitivity to Cu2+, Pb2+ and As(III) was observed through comparable quenching of the fluorescent emission and different variations of the transmittance spectrum. By dynamic light scattering measurements and transmission electron microscope (TEM) images we confirmed, for the first time in metal sensing, that this response is due to multiple complexation and subsequent aggregation of UFQDs. Nonetheless, the explanation of the distinct behaviour of transmittance in the presence of As(III) and the formation of precipitate with Pb2+ require further studies. These differences, however, also make it possible to discriminate between the three metal ions in view of the implementation of a selective multiple sensor.
Circular Regression in a Dual-Phase Lock-In Amplifier for Coherent Detection of Weak Signal
Authors: Wang Gaoxuan , Reboul Serge , Choquel Jean-Bernard , Fertein Eric , Chen Weidong
Published: November 2017

Lock-in amplification (LIA) is an effective approach for recovery of weak signal buried in noise. Determination of the input signal amplitude in a classical dual-phase LIA is based on incoherent detection which leads to a biased estimation at low signal-to-noise ratio. This article presents, for the first time to our knowledge, a new architecture of LIA involving phase estimation with a linear-circular regression for coherent detection. The proposed phase delay estimate, between the input signal and a reference, is defined as the maximum-likelihood of a set of observations distributed according to a von Mises distribution. In our implementation this maximum is obtained with a Newton Raphson algorithm. We show that the proposed LIA architecture provides an unbiased estimate of the input signal amplitude. Theoretical simulations with synthetic data demonstrate that the classical LIA estimates are biased for SNR of the input signal lower than −20 dB, while the proposed LIA is able to accurately recover the weak signal amplitude. The novel approach is applied to an optical sensor for accurate measurement of NO 2 concentrations at the sub-ppbv level in the atmosphere. Side-by-side intercomparison measurements with a commercial LIA (SR830, Stanford Research Inc., Sunnyvale, CA, USA ) demonstrate that the proposed LIA has an identical performance in terms of measurement accuracy and precision but with simplified hardware architecture.
Potential of Sentinel-1 Radar Data for the Assessment of Soil and Cereal Cover Parameters
Authors: Bousbih Safa , Zribi Mehrez , Lili-Chabaane Zohra , Baghdadi Nicolas , El Hajj Mohammad , Gao Qi , Mougenot Bernard
Published: November 2017

The main objective of this study is to analyze the potential use of Sentinel-1 (S1) radar data for the estimation of soil characteristics (roughness and water content) and cereal vegetation parameters (leaf area index (LAI), and vegetation height (H)) in agricultural areas. Simultaneously to several radar acquisitions made between 2015 and 2017, using S1 sensors over the Kairouan Plain (Tunisia, North Africa), ground measurements of soil roughness, soil water content, LAI and H were recorded. The NDVI (normalized difference vegetation index) index computed from Landsat optical images revealed a strong correlation with in situ measurements of LAI. The sensitivity of the S1 measurements to variations in soil moisture, which has been reported in several scientific publications, is confirmed in this study. This sensitivity decreases with increasing vegetation cover growth (NDVI), and is stronger in the VV (vertical) polarization than in the VH cross-polarization. The results also reveal a similar increase in the dynamic range of radar signals observed in the VV and VH polarizations as a function of soil roughness. The sensitivity of S1 measurements to vegetation parameters (LAI and H) in the VV polarization is also determined, showing that the radar signal strength decreases when the vegetation parameters increase. No vegetation parameter sensitivity is observed in the VH polarization, probably as a consequence of volume scattering effects.
An Improved Aerial Target Localization Method with a Single Vector Sensor
Authors: Zhao Anbang , Bi Xuejie , Hui Juan , Zeng Caigao , Ma Lin
Published: November 2017

This paper focuses on the problems encountered in the actual data processing with the use of the existing aerial target localization methods, analyzes the causes of the problems, and proposes an improved algorithm. Through the processing of the sea experiment data, it is found that the existing algorithms have higher requirements for the accuracy of the angle estimation. The improved algorithm reduces the requirements of the angle estimation accuracy and obtains the robust estimation results. The closest distance matching estimation algorithm and the horizontal distance estimation compensation algorithm are proposed. The smoothing effect of the data after being post-processed by using the forward and backward two-direction double-filtering method has been improved, thus the initial stage data can be filtered, so that the filtering results retain more useful information. In this paper, the aerial target height measurement methods are studied, the estimation results of the aerial target are given, so as to realize the three-dimensional localization of the aerial target and increase the understanding of the underwater platform to the aerial target, so that the underwater platform has better mobility and concealment.
Design and Calibration of a Novel Bio-Inspired Pixelated Polarized Light Compass
Authors: Han Guoliang , Hu Xiaoping , Lian Junxiang , He Xiaofeng , Zhang Lilian , Wang Yujie , Dong Fengliang
Published: November 2017

Animals, such as Savannah sparrows and North American monarch butterflies, are able to obtain compass information from skylight polarization patterns to help them navigate effectively and robustly. Inspired by excellent navigation ability of animals, this paper proposes a novel image-based polarized light compass, which has the advantages of having a small size and being light weight. Firstly, the polarized light compass, which is composed of a Charge Coupled Device (CCD) camera, a pixelated polarizer array and a wide-angle lens, is introduced. Secondly, the measurement method of a skylight polarization pattern and the orientation method based on a single scattering Rayleigh model are presented. Thirdly, the error model of the sensor, mainly including the response error of CCD pixels and the installation error of the pixelated polarizer, is established. A calibration method based on iterative least squares estimation is proposed. In the outdoor environment, the skylight polarization pattern can be measured in real time by our sensor. The orientation accuracy of the sensor increases with the decrease of the solar elevation angle, and the standard deviation of orientation error is 0 . 15 ∘ at sunset. Results of outdoor experiments show that the proposed polarization navigation sensor can be used for outdoor autonomous navigation.
Approaching the Sustainable Development Practices in Mountain Tourism in the Romanian Carpathians
Authors: Brătucu Gabriel , Băltescu Codruța , Neacșu Nicoleta , Boșcor Dana , Țierean Ovidiu , Madar Anca
Published: November 2017

The article aims to identify the degree to which tourism managers who work in Romania in the area of the Carpathian Mountains have implemented sustainable development practices. It also assesses the quantification of their availability to be informed and to apply voluntary tools of sustainable development. Qualitative research based on the method of semi-structured in-depth interviews was conducted, with 34 managers who work in the accommodation units in the Romanian Carpathians. Results show that most managers are concerned with issues linked to sustainable evolution of the accommodation unit they manage. The researchers have noticed a low interest in sustainable evolution negatively correlated with the comfort level of the accommodation unit and competitiveness. Based on these results the authors recommend the adoption of measures that may allow sustainable development, and for the Romanian authorities to encourage the increase in the number of tourism units that can use sustainable management systems. This can be done through accessible rules, development of networks that may offer information about good practices and codes of conduct, as well as the possibility to participate in exchange programs.
Overall Bike Effectiveness as a Sustainability Metric for Bike Sharing Systems
Authors: Yahya Bernardo
Published: November 2017

Bike sharing systems (BSS) have been widely accepted as an urban transport scheme in many cities around the world. The concept is recently expanded and followed by many cities to offer citizen a “green” and flexible transportation scheme in urban areas. Many works focus on the issues of bike availability while the bike performance, i.e., life cycle issues and its sustainability, for better management has been abandoned. As a consequence, mismanagement of BSS would lead to cost inefficiency and, the worst case, end with operation termination. This study proposes a design science approach by developing an Overall Bike Effectiveness (OBE) framework. By incorporating the concept of overall equipment analysis (OEE), the proposed framework is used to measure the bike utilization. Accordingly, the OBE is extended into Theoretical OBE to measure the sustainability of the early-stage of BSS. The framework has been verified and evaluated using a real dataset of BSS. The proposed method provides valuable results for benchmarking, life cycle analysis, system expansion and strategy planning toward sustainability. The paper concludes with a discussion to show the impact of the proposed approach into the real practices of BSS including an outlook toward sustainability of BSS.
A Hybrid Fuzzy DEA/AHP Methodology for Ranking Units in a Fuzzy Environment
Authors: Hu Cheng-Kai , Liu Fung-Bao , Hu Cheng-Feng
Published: November 2017

In this paper, a novel approach combining fuzzy data envelopment analysis (DEA) and the analytical hierarchical process (AHP) is proposed to rank units with multiple fuzzy criteria. The hybrid fuzzy DEA/AHP approach derives the AHP pairwise comparisons by fuzzy DEA and utilizes AHP to fully rank units. It shows that the proposed approach generates a logical ranking of units that has perfect compatibility with fuzzy DEA ranking and there is no any form of subjective analysis engaged within the methodology. A study on the facility layout design in manufacturing systems is provided to illustrate the superiority of the proposed approach and show the compatibility between the proposed approach and fuzzy DEA ranking.
Retinal Vessel Segmentation via Structure Tensor Coloring and Anisotropy Enhancement
Authors: Nergiz Mehmet , Akın Mehmet
Published: November 2017

Retinal vessel segmentation is one of the preliminary tasks for developing diagnosis software systems related to various retinal diseases. In this study, a fully automated vessel segmentation system is proposed. Firstly, the vessels are enhanced using a Frangi Filter. Afterwards, Structure Tensor is applied to the response of the Frangi Filter and a 4-D tensor field is obtained. After decomposing the Eigenvalues of the tensor field, the anisotropy between the principal Eigenvalues are enhanced exponentially. Furthermore, this 4-D tensor field is converted to the 3-D space which is composed of energy, anisotropy and orientation and then a Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization algorithm is applied to the energy space. Later, the obtained energy space is multiplied by the enhanced mean surface curvature of itself and the modified 3-D space is converted back to the 4-D tensor field. Lastly, the vessel segmentation is performed by using Otsu algorithm and tensor coloring method which is inspired by the ellipsoid tensor visualization technique. Finally, some post-processing techniques are applied to the segmentation result. In this study, the proposed method achieved mean sensitivity of 0.8123, 0.8126, 0.7246 and mean specificity of 0.9342, 0.9442, 0.9453 as well as mean accuracy of 0.9183, 0.9442, 0.9236 for DRIVE, STARE and CHASE_DB1 datasets, respectively. The mean execution time of this study is 6.104, 6.4525 and 18.8370 s for the aforementioned three datasets respectively.
Small Scale Hydrocarbon Fire Test Concept
Authors: Bjørge Joachim , Metallinou Maria-Monika , Kraaijeveld Arjen , Log Torgrim
Published: November 2017

In the oil and gas industry, hydrocarbon process equipment was previously often thermally insulated by applying insulation directly to the metal surface. Fire protective insulation was applied outside the thermal insulation. In some cases, severe corrosion attacks were observed due to ingress of humidity and condensation at cold surfaces. Introducing a 25 mm air gap to prevent wet thermal insulation and metal wall contact is expected to solve the corrosion issues. This improved insulation methodology does, however, require more space that may not be available when refurbishing older process plants. Relocating structural elements would introduce much hot work, which should be minimized in live plants. It is also costly. The aim of the present study is therefore to develop a test concept for testing fire resistance of equipment protected with only air-gap and thermal insulation, i.e., without the fire-protective insulation. The present work demonstrates a conceptual methodology for small scale fire testing of mockups resembling a section of a distillation column. The mockups were exposed to a small-scale propane flame in a test configuration where the flow rate and the flame zone were optimized to give heat flux levels in the range 250–350 kW/m2. Results are presented for a mockup resembling a 16 mm thick distillation column steel wall. It is demonstrated that the modern distance insulation in combination with the heat capacity of the column wall indicates 30+ minutes fire resistance. The results show that this methodology has great potentials for low cost fire testing of other configurations, and it may serve as a set-up for product development.
Special Issue: Rabies Symptoms, Diagnosis, Prophylaxis, and Treatment
Authors: Rupprecht Charles , Dietzschold Bernhard
Published: November 2017

Rabies is an acute, progressive, incurable viral encephalitis found throughout the world. Despite being one of the oldest recognized pathogens, its impact remains substantial in public health, veterinary medicine, and conservation biology.[...]
Directed Flow in Heavy-Ion Collisions and Its Implications for Astrophysics
Authors: Ivanov Yuri
Published: November 2017

Analysis of directed flow ( v 1 ) of protons, antiprotons and pions in heavy-ion collisions is performed in the range of collision energies s N N = 2.7–39 GeV. Simulations have been done within a three-fluid model employing a purely hadronic equation of state (EoS) and two versions of the EoS with deconfinement transitions: a first-order phase transition and a smooth crossover transition. The crossover EoS is unambiguously preferable for the description of experimental data at lower collision energies s N N ≲ 20 Gev. However, at higher collision energies s N N ≳ 20 Gev. the purely hadronic EoS again becomes advantageous. This indicates that the deconfinement EoS in the quark-gluon sector should be stiffer at high baryon densities than those used in the calculation. The latter finding is in agreement with that discussed in astrophysics in connection with existence of hybrid stars with masses up to about two solar masses.
BRISENT: An Entropy-Based Model for Bridge-Pier Scour Estimation under Complex Hydraulic Scenarios
Authors: Pizarro Alonso , Samela Caterina , Fiorentino Mauro , Link Oscar , Manfreda Salvatore
Published: November 2017

The goal of this paper is to introduce the first clear-water scour model based on both the informational entropy concept and the principle of maximum entropy, showing that a variational approach is ideal for describing erosional processes under complex situations. The proposed bridge–pier scour entropic (BRISENT) model is capable of reproducing the main dynamics of scour depth evolution under steady hydraulic conditions, step-wise hydrographs, and flood waves. For the calibration process, 266 clear-water scour experiments from 20 precedent studies were considered, where the dimensionless parameters varied widely. Simple formulations are proposed to estimate BRISENT’s fitting coefficients, in which the ratio between pier-diameter and sediment-size was the most critical physical characteristic controlling scour model parametrization. A validation process considering highly unsteady and multi-peaked hydrographs was carried out, showing that the proposed BRISENT model reproduces scour evolution with high accuracy.
PlexinA1 expression in gastric carcinoma and its relationship with tumor angiogenesis and proliferation
Authors: Zhao Xiang-Yang
Published: November 2017

Laparoscopic surgery is the main treatment method for patients with gastrointestinal malignant tumors. Although laparoscopic surgery is minimally invasive, its tool stimulation and pneumoperitoneum pressure often cause strong stress reactions in patients. On the other hand, gastrointestinal surgery can cause stronger pain in patients, compared to other surgeries. Transversus abdominis plane block (TAPB) can effectively inhibit the transmission of nerve impulses caused by surgical stimulation, alleviate patient pain, and thus alleviate stress reactions. Remazolam is an acting, safe, and effective sedative, which has little effect on hemodynamics and is suitable for most patients. TAPB combined with remazolam can reduce the dosage of total anesthetic drugs, reduce adverse reactions, reduce stress reactions, and facilitate the rapid postoperative recovery of patients.
Exploring mechanochemistry to turn organic bio-relevant molecules into metal-organic frameworks: a short review
Authors: André Vânia , Quaresma Sílvia , da Silva João Luís Ferreira , Duarte M Teresa
Published: November 2017

Mechanochemistry is a powerful and environmentally friendly synthetic technique successfully employed in different fields of synthetic chemistry. Application spans from organic to inorganic chemistry including the synthesis of coordination compounds. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are a class of compounds with numerous applications, from which we highlight herein their application in the pharmaceutical field (BioMOFs), whose importance has been growing and is now assuming a relevant and promising domain. The need to find cleaner, greener and more energy and material-efficient synthetic procedures led to the use of mechanochemistry into the synthesis of BioMOFs.
Environmental Effects on Galaxy Evolution. II. Quantifying the Tidal Features in NIR Images of the Cluster Abell 85
Authors: Venkatapathy Y. , Bravo-Alfaro H. , Mayya Y. D. , Lobo C. , Durret F. , Gamez V. , Valerdi M. , Granados-Contreras A. P. , Navarro-Poupard F.
Published: November 2017

This work is part of a series of papers devoted to investigating the evolution of cluster galaxies during their infall. In the present article, we image in NIR a selected sample of galaxies throughout the massive cluster Abell 85 (z = 0.055). We obtain (JHK′) photometry for 68 objects, reaching ∼1 mag arcsec−2 deeper than 2MASS. We use these images to unveil asymmetries in the outskirts of a sample of bright galaxies and develop a new asymmetry index,

, which allows us to quantify the degree of disruption by the relative area occupied by the tidal features on the plane of the sky. We measure the asymmetries for a subsample of 41 large-area objects, finding clear asymmetries in 10 galaxies; most of these are in groups and pairs projected at different clustercentric distances, and some of them are located beyond R
500. Combining information on the H i gas content of blue galaxies and the distribution of substructures across Abell 85 with the present NIR asymmetry analysis, we obtain a very powerful tool to confirm that tidal mechanisms are indeed present and are currently affecting a fraction of galaxies in Abell 85. However, when comparing our deep NIR images with UV blue images of two very disrupted (jellyfish) galaxies in this cluster, we discard the presence of tidal interactions down to our detection limit. Our results suggest that ram-pressure stripping is at the origin of such spectacular disruptions. We conclude that across a complex cluster like Abell 85, environmental mechanisms, both gravitational and hydrodynamical, are playing an active role in driving galaxy evolution.
The Discovery and Mass Measurement of a New Ultra-short-period Planet: K2-131b
Authors: Dai Fei , Winn Joshua N. , Gandolfi Davide , Wang Sharon X. , Teske Johanna K. , Burt Jennifer , Albrecht Simon , Barragán Oscar , Cochran William D. , Endl Michael , Fridlund Malcolm , Hatzes Artie P. , Hirano Teruyuki , Hirsch Lea A. , Johnson Marshall C. , Bo Justesen Anders , Livingston John , Persson Carina M. , Prieto-Arranz Jorge , Vanderburg Andrew , Alonso Roi , Antoniciello Giuliano , Arriagada Pamela , Butler R. P. , Cabrera Juan , Crane Jeffrey D. , Cusano Felice , Csizmadia Szilárd , Deeg Hans , Dieterich Sergio B. , Eigmüller Philipp , Erikson Anders , Everett Mark E. , Fukui Akihiko , Grziwa Sascha , Guenther Eike W. , Henry Gregory W. , Howell Steve B. , Johnson John Asher , Korth Judith , Kuzuhara Masayuki , Narita Norio , Nespral David , Nowak Grzegorz , Palle Enric , Pätzold Martin , Rauer Heike , Rodríguez Pilar Montañés , Shectman Stephen A. , Smith Alexis M. S. , Thompson Ian B. , Eylen Vincent Van , Williamson Michael W. , Wittenmyer Robert A.
Published: November 2017

We report the discovery of a new ultra-short-period planet and summarize the properties of all such planets for which the mass and radius have been measured. The new planet, K2-131b, was discovered in K2 Campaign 10. It has a radius of

and orbits a G dwarf with a period of 8.9 hr. Radial velocities obtained with Magellan/PFS and TNG/HARPS-N show evidence for stellar activity along with orbital motion. We determined the planetary mass using two different methods: (1) the “floating chunk offset” method, based only on changes in velocity observed on the same night; and (2) a Gaussian process regression based on both the radial velocity and photometric time series. The results are consistent and lead to a mass measurement of

and a mean density of

g cm−3.
Zodiacal Exoplanets in Time (ZEIT). V. A Uniform Search for Transiting Planets in Young Clusters Observed by K2
Authors: Rizzuto Aaron C. , Mann Andrew W. , Vanderburg Andrew , Kraus Adam L. , Covey Kevin R.
Published: November 2017

Detection of transiting exoplanets around young stars is more difficult than for older systems owing to increased stellar variability. Nine young open cluster planets have been found in the K2 data, but no single analysis pipeline identified all planets. We have developed a transit search pipeline for young stars that uses a transit-shaped notch and quadratic continuum in a 12 or 24 hr window to fit both the stellar variability and the presence of a transit. In addition, for the most rapid rotators (

days) we model the variability using a linear combination of observed rotations of each star. To maximally exploit our new pipeline, we update the membership for four stellar populations observed by K2 (Upper Scorpius, Pleiades, Hyades, Praesepe) and conduct a uniform search of the members. We identify all known transiting exoplanets in the clusters, 17 eclipsing binaries, one transiting planet candidate orbiting a potential Pleiades member, and three orbiting unlikely members of the young clusters. Limited injection recovery testing on the known planet hosts indicates that for the older Praesepe systems we are sensitive to additional exoplanets as small as 1–2 R
⊕, and for the larger Upper Scorpius planet host (K2-33) our pipeline is sensitive to ∼4 R
⊕ transiting planets. The lack of detected multiple systems in the young clusters is consistent with the expected frequency from the original Kepler sample, within our detection limits. With a robust pipeline that detects all known planets in the young clusters, occurrence rate testing at young ages is now possible.
Hα and Hβ Emission in a C3.3 Solar Flare: Comparison between Observations and Simulations
Authors: Capparelli Vincenzo , Zuccarello Francesca , Romano Paolo , Simões Paulo J. A. , Fletcher Lyndsay , Kuridze David , Mathioudakis Mihalis , Keys Peter H. , Cauzzi Gianna , Carlsson Mats
Published: November 2017

The hydrogen Balmer series is a basic radiative loss channel from the flaring solar chromosphere. We report here on the analysis of an extremely rare set of simultaneous observations of a solar flare in the

H
α

and

H
β

lines, at high spatial and temporal resolutions, that were acquired at the Dunn Solar Telescope. Images of the C3.3 flare (SOL2014-04-22T15:22) made at various wavelengths along the

H
α

line profile by the Interferometric Bidimensional Spectrometer (IBIS) and in the

H
β

with the Rapid Oscillations in the Solar Atmosphere (ROSA) broadband imager are analyzed to obtain the intensity evolution. The

H
α

and

H
β

intensity excesses in three identified flare footpoints are well-correlated in time. We examine the ratio of

H
α

to

H
β

flare excess, which was proposed by previous authors as a possible diagnostic of the level of electron-beam energy input. In the stronger footpoints, the typical value of the the

H
α

/H

β

intensity ratio observed is ∼0.4–0.5, in broad agreement with values obtained from a RADYN non-LTE simulation driven by an electron beam with parameters constrained (as far as possible) by observation. The weaker footpoint has a larger

H
α

/H

β

ratio, again consistent with a RADYN simulation, but with a smaller energy flux. The

H
α

line profiles observed have a less prominent central reversal than is predicted by the RADYN results, but can be brought into agreement if the

H
α

-emitting material has a filling factor of around 0.2–0.3.
A Spectroscopic Search for White Dwarf Companions to 101 Nearby M Dwarfs*
Authors: Bar Ira , Vreeswijk Paul , Gal-Yam Avishay , Ofek Eran O. , Nelemans Gijs
Published: November 2017

Recent studies of the stellar population in the solar neighborhood (<20 pc) suggest that there are undetected white dwarfs (WDs) in multiple systems with main-sequence companions. Detecting these hidden stars and obtaining a more complete census of nearby WDs is important for our understanding of stellar and galactic evolution, as well as the study of explosive phenomena. In an attempt to uncover these hidden WDs, we present intermediate resolution spectroscopy over the wavelength range of 3000–25000 Å of 101 nearby M dwarfs (dMs), observed with the Very Large Telescope X-Shooter spectrograph. For each star we search for a hot component superimposed on the dM spectrum. X-Shooter has excellent blue sensitivity and thus can reveal a faint hot WD despite the brightness of its red companion. Visual examination shows no clear evidence of a WD in any of the spectra. We place upper limits on the effective temperatures of WDs that may still be hiding by fitting dM templates to the spectra and modeling the WD spectra. On average our survey is sensitive to WDs hotter than about 5300 K. This suggests that the frequency of WD companions of

T

eff

≳
5300

K

with separation of the order of ≲50 au among the local dM population is <3% at the 95% confidence level. The reduced spectra are made available via the WISeREP3
repository.
An Algorithm to Compress Line-transition Data for Radiative-transfer Calculations
Authors: Cubillos Patricio E.
Published: November 2017

Molecular line-transition lists are an essential ingredient for radiative-transfer calculations. With recent databases now surpassing the billion-line mark, handling them has become computationally prohibitive, due to both the required processing power and memory. Here I present a temperature-dependent algorithm to separate strong from weak line transitions, reformatting the large majority of the weaker lines into a cross-section data file, and retaining the detailed line-by-line information of the fewer strong lines. For any given molecule over the 0.3–30 μm range, this algorithm reduces the number of lines to a few million, enabling faster radiative-transfer computations without a significant loss of information. The final compression rate depends on how densely populated the spectrum is. I validate this algorithm by comparing Exomol’s HCN extinction-coefficient spectra between the complete (65 million line transitions) and compressed (7.7 million) line lists. Over the 0.6–33 μm range, the average difference between extinction-coefficient values is less than 1%. A Python/C implementation of this algorithm is open-source and available at https://github.com/pcubillos/repack. So far, this code handles the Exomol and HITRAN line-transition format.
The Evolution of the Galactic Thick Disk with the LAMOST Survey
Authors: Li Chengdong , Zhao Gang
Published: November 2017

We select giant stars from LAMOST data release 3 (hereafter DR3) based on their spectral properties and atmospheric parameters in order to detect the structure and kinematic properties of the Galactic thick disk. The spatial motions of our sample stars are calculated. We obtain 2035 thick-disk giant stars by using a kinematic criterion. We confirm the existence of the metal-weak thick disk. The most metal-deficient star in our sample has

[
Fe

/

H
]
=
−
2.34

. We derive the radial and vertical metallicity gradients, which are +0.035 ± 0.010 and −0.164 ± 0.010 dex kpc−1respectively. Then we estimate the scale length and scale height of the thick disk using the Jeans equation, and the results are

h

R

=
3.0
±
0.1

kpc

and

h

Z

=
0.9
±
0.1

kpc

. The scale length of the thick disk is approximately equal to that of the thin disk from several previous works. Finally, we calculate the orbital parameters of our sample stars, and discuss the formation scenario of the thick disk. Our result for the distribution of stellar orbital eccentricity excludes the accretion scenario. We conclude that the thick disk stars are mainly born inside the Milky Way.
Tidal Disruption Event Host Galaxies in the Context of the Local Galaxy Population
Authors: Law-Smith Jamie , Ramirez-Ruiz Enrico , Ellison Sara L. , Foley Ryan J.
Published: November 2017

We study the properties of tidal disruption event (TDE) host galaxies in the context of a catalog of ∼500,000 galaxies from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. We explore whether selection effects can account for the overrepresentation of TDEs in E+A/post-starburst galaxies by creating matched galaxy samples. Accounting for possible selection effects due to black hole (BH) mass, redshift completeness, strong active galactic nucleus presence, bulge colors, and surface brightness can reduce the apparent overrepresentation of TDEs in E+A host galaxies by a factor of ∼4 (from ∼×100–190 to ∼×25–48), but cannot fully explain the preference. We find that TDE host galaxies have atypical photometric properties compared to similar, “typical” galaxies. In particular, TDE host galaxies tend to live in or near the “green valley” between star-forming and passive galaxies, and have bluer bulge colors (

Δ
(
g
−
r
)
≈
0.3

mag), lower half-light surface brightnesses (by ∼1 mag/arcsec2), higher Sérsic indices (

Δ

n

g

≈
3

), and higher bulge-to-total-light ratios (

Δ
B

/

T
≈
0.5

) than galaxies with matched BH masses. We find that TDE host galaxies appear more centrally concentrated and that all have high galaxy Sérsic indices and B/T fractions—on average in the top 10% of galaxies of the same BH mass—suggesting a higher nuclear stellar density. We identify a region in the Sérsic index and BH mass parameter space that contains ∼2% of our reference catalog galaxies but

≥

60
%

of TDE host galaxies. The unique photometric properties of TDE host galaxies may be useful for selecting candidate TDEs for spectroscopic follow-up observations in large transient surveys.
Le Panier, un quartier marseillais en voie de gentrification : reconfigurations sociales et résistances langagières
Authors: Géa Jean-Michel
Published: November 2017

À partir du cas du Panier, cet article s’intéresse au processus de gentrification qui accompagne les politiques de restructuration du centre ancien de Marseille. Après trente ans d’interventions publiques, on constate que l’opération de gentrification reste dans ce quartier incomplète en dépit d’un important programme de requalification patrimoniale et d’une recomposition sociodémographique avérée. Considérant une série de graffitis et d’affichettes illicites relevée sur place et plusieurs entretiens avec les occupants du quartier, il s’agit de comprendre la façon dont les habitants traditionnels vivent les conflits d’appropriation de l’espace apparus avec les nouveaux venus, plus particulièrement, la façon dont les affichettes et les graffitis tissent des rapports de force et des formes de résistances langagières qui tendent à freiner les transformations en cours.
Les 2 N de chaîne
Authors: Dindart Geneviève
Published: November 2017

Ce récit est celui d’un accompagnement dans la temporalité d’une médiation artistique en institution, au travers d’une production de peintures et d’images, imbriquées.
Jeunes « attachiants » : quelques réflexions cliniques
Authors: Arcq Audrey
Published: November 2017

Une présentation de deux vignettes cliniques de jeunes adolescents « attachiants », c’est-à-dire présentant des troubles de l’attachement, au sein d’une institution ayant pour particularité le travail du lien en accueil d’urgence. Cet article explique comment l’institution peut parfois adapter son cadre et faire des « pas de côté » afin de préserver le lien rendu fragile par le parcours du jeune.
Se sculpter un corps
Authors: Petit-Loizeau Éva
Published: November 2017

Tim est un adolescent « original » pour qui la question du corps ne va pas de soi, tout comme le lien aux autres qui le laisse perplexe. À partir de ses centres d’intérêt, sport et nutrition, qu’il va travailler en psychothérapie, son corps va petit à petit se structurer, se dessiner, tout comme son rapport aux autres.
Fatty Degeneration of the Rotator Cuff Reflects Shoulder Strength Deficits in Patients With Rotator Cuff Tears
Authors: Yoon Jong Pil , Jung Jae Wook , Lee Chang Hwa , Kim Young Gun , Chung Seok Won , Kim Joon Yub , Lee Hyun Joo , Yoon Jee Wook , Lee Hoseok
Published: November 2017

Fatty degeneration is an important clinical factor in patients with rotator cuff tears. Goutallier grade, occupation ratio, and tangent sign help identify fatty degeneration; however, little is known about how closely these measurement techniques correlate with actual muscle strength deficits. The authors evaluated each method's ability to determine the correlation between fatty degeneration and muscle strength deficits. The authors included 203 patients who underwent full-thickness rotator cuff repair (mean age, 61.29±7.92 years). All patients were evaluated with preoperative magnetic resonance imaging to identify fatty degeneration and with an isokinetic test to determine actual shoulder strength. Fatty degeneration was evaluated using Goutallier grade, occupation ratio, and tangent sign. The actual shoulder strength deficit was evaluated by abduction, whereas external and internal rotation were tested using the isokinetic test. More severe fatty degeneration was correlated with lower degrees of abduction, external rotation, and internal rotation. The occupation ratio was more closely correlated with actual muscle strength deficits. However, in patients with massive tears, the correlation between fatty degeneration and muscle strength was less pronounced. Tangent sign (+) findings had a significantly lower strength of external rotation and abduction. The fatty degeneration of the rotator cuff muscle measured by each method was correlated with actual shoulder strength deficits in patients with rotator cuff tears. However, the correlations were less clear in patients with massive rotator cuff tears. Therefore, in cases of massive rotator cuff tears, fatty degeneration was correlated with muscle strength deficits but was not directly proportional to their extent. [Orthopedics.2018; 41(1):e15–e21.]
Risk Factors for Pathological Fracture and Metastatic Epidural Spinal Cord Compression in Patients With Spinal Metastases
Authors: Hibberd Catherine S. , Quan Gerald M. Y.
Published: November 2017

Vertebral pathological fracture and metastatic epidural spinal cord compression (MESCC) due to metastatic cancer inevitably cause pain, neurological deficit, impaired function, and decreased quality of life and are indications for surgery. In such cases, earlier surgical intervention has the potential to prevent permanent neurological deficit and disability and to maintain function and quality of life. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify and evaluate risk factors for pathological fracture and MESCC in patients with spinal metastases. Retrospective assessment of clinical and radiological parameters was undertaken in patients with spinal metastases. Seventy-two patients with spinal metastases underwent decompressive and/or stabilization surgery for pathological fracture and/or MESCC or nerve root compression. The following items were assessed for association with pathological fracture or MESCC: tumor size, location, type, and morphology; disease burden; pain; and function. Pain, tumor size within the vertebral body, vertebral endplate and 3-column involvement, primary tumor growth rate, and multiple vertebral metastases were associated with increased risk for pathological fracture. Vertebral posterior element and costovertebral joint involvement by tumor, primary tumor growth rate, and the presence of visceral metastases were associated with MESCC or nerve root compression. These factors should be considered in the decision-making process for surgery for spinal metastases. Patients with osteolytic spinal metastatic lesions causing pain, greater than 25% occupancy of the vertebral body, and involvement of the vertebral endplate or all 3 columns should be considered for prophylactic or therapeutic decompressive and stabilization surgery. [
Orthopedics.
2018; 41(1):e38–e45.]
Quelles étaient les fonctions des plateformes de Djaba-Hosséré (Nord-Cameroun) ?
Authors: Langlois Olivier , Sardi Innocent Abdoul , Sambo Hassimi
Published: November 2017

Au cœur de l’espace occupé par la chefferie (dìì) de Djaba au début du xixe siècle se dresse une vingtaine de plateformes aux fonctions énigmatiques. S’agit-il de tertres funéraires, de socles de cases ou, comme certains informateurs l’ont suggéré, de kpə̀’ə̀n, des édifices en relation avec l’exercice du pouvoir ? Dans la perspective de répondre à cette question, nous avons sondé l’un de ces tertres et cherché à en apprendre davantage sur les kpə̀’ə̀n en leur dédiant quelques enquêtes. Les travaux archéologiques engagés, combinés à l’information ethnographique, amèneront à privilégier l’une des hypothèses fonctionnelles formulées. Ils se montreront toutefois insuffisants pour éliminer les hypothèses alternatives.
Extension territoriale des mégalithes au Cameroun : foyers éteints, cultures vivantes et arts environnementaux
Authors: Tchandeu Narcisse Santores , Temgoua-Noumissing Alice Mezop
Published: November 2017

Dans la perspective d’un inventaire général du mégalithisme au Cameroun, une équipe interdisciplinaire étudie depuis 2006 les origines, les formes et la répartition territoriale des structures en pierre. Dans certaines régions, comme les monts Mandara et la haute vallée de la Bénoué, ce type de monuments participe d’une ethnologie encore bien vivante ; dans d’autres en revanche, telle l’Adamaoua, l’islamisation a précipité un abandon rapide des traditions mégalithiques pourtant reconnues parmi les plus anciennes au Cameroun. Le constat est nuancé dans le Grassland où les traditions de construction ont progressivement disparu, surtout sous l’effet de l’occidentalisation, bien que le patrimoine ancien serve toujours activement de référence aux activités rituelles actuelles. L’archéologie historique, l’ethnologie, l’ethnolinguistique, la phénoménologie de l’image et l’ethnobotanique sont autant d’approches méthodologiques qui permettent de retracer les origines des mégalithes, de comparer les techniques d’aménagement, de saisir le sens que prennent les divers éléments, tant dans les langues, les perceptions visuelles et les mémoires collectives, que dans une cosmologie où le règne végétal occupe une place fondamentale.
Deux mille cinq cents ans de traditions céramiques à Dibamba Yassa (Cameroun)
Authors: Saulieu Geoffroy de , Oslisly Richard , Nlend Pascal , Ngouoh François
Published: November 2017

Le sauvetage archéologique du site de Dibamba Yassa, à l’entrée de la ville de Douala (Cameroun), par une équipe franco-camerounaise conduite par l’Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), a mis au jour plus de 20 000 tessons de poterie. Ils ont permis de définir cinq traditions céramiques se succédant sur 2 500 ans dans une région encore inconnue des archéologues. Le cadre chrono-stylistique, que les résultats permettent de construire, ouvre des possibilités de réflexions nouvelles sur l’histoire des interactions culturelles en Afrique centrale atlantique depuis le début de l’âge du fer ancien. Par ailleurs, la répartition spatiale des structures archéologiques suggère la possible apparition de villages-rues dès le début de la séquence chronologique.