bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
AUTOMATIC MACHINE TOOL ALIGNMENT ON ITS FOUNDATION
Authors:   Kovosvit MAS Machine Tools, Corp., HAVLIK LUKAS , NOVOTNY LUKAS ,   CTU in Prague, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Institute of Production Machinery and Equipment | RCMT, SOUCEK PAVEL ,   CTU in Prague, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Institute of Production Machinery and Equipment | RCMT
Published: September 2024

This article deals with the issue of the automatic setting of machines on their base. The focus is on machines with a self-supporting frame, freestanding, on more than three supports. The alignment uses the previously presented method of precise and repeatable machine placement on the foundation. As a result, the machine has the necessary parameters in terms of its geometry, and at the same time a defined weight distribution on the individual building elements is guaranteed. The paper presents a new method for automatic machine alignment using so-called “smart feet”. Due to this, the process of machine alignment is clearly defined, repeatable and does not depend on the experience of the personnel performing the alignment. The presented algorithm makes it possible to automate the entire machine-setting process. The article includes the presentation of a machine placement on its base, which is used for testing and verification of the functionality of the alignment algorithm.
EFFECT OF BUILD POSITION ON SURFACE ROUGHNESS OF SLM PRINTED INCONEL 718
Authors:   Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, VSB - Technical University of Ostrava, GAUTAM PREETI , HAJNYS JIRI ,   Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, VSB - Technical University of Ostrava, MESICEK JAKUB ,   Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, VSB - Technical University of Ostrava, NAG AKASH ,   Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, VSB - Technical University of Ostrava, MA QUOC-PHU ,   Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, VSB - Technical University of Ostrava, PETRU JANA ,   Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, VSB - Technical University of Ostrava
Published: September 2024

The present work investigates the variation of the surface roughness due to the build position of specimens with respect to the inert gas flow direction and re-coater movement direction. Selective laser melting (SLM) method was used to study this effect using Inconel 718 as workpiece material. A total of 21 samples were placed equidistant from each other on the built plate to observe the effect of gas flow and re-coater movement. The effect of these parameters on the printed samples was analyzed in terms of the profile surface roughness parameter such as Ra and Rz in the build direction. The result showed that samples placed near the gas inlet and the re-coater starting position had larger roughness as compared to the samples placed further from the gas inlet and re-coater end position. The result showed that the profile average roughness parameter values varied from Ra = 5.02 µm to 14.7 µm and profile maximum height surface parameter varied from Rz = 47.61 µm to 118.3 µm for all the printed samples. Surface topography of the samples was also studied which showed common printing defects such as cracks, micropores, local solidified melt pools, and dimples. The study opens an avenue to explore and optimize the placement of the printing sample on the build plate with respect to the inlet gas flow and re-coater movement directions for better surface roughness.
MODIFICATION OF POWDER MATERIAL FOR 3D PRINTING USING DRY GRANULATION
Authors:   Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, PECIAR PETER , FEKETE ROMAN ,   Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, PECIAROVA MICHAELA ,   Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, KRUCAY PETER ,   Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, MESICEK JAKUB ,   VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Machining, Assembly and Engineering Metrology, KRISAK DOMINIK ,   VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Machining, Assembly and Engineering Metrology, PECIAR MARIAN ,   Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering
Published: September 2024

Additive technologies currently represent progressive technologies, both in the field of manufacturing itself and in materials engineering, where the main source is powder material. Powder material as a source material is characterized by the mechanical, physical and flow properties of fine powders. Targeted modification of these properties represents a research challenge in this area with the aim of creating a granulate with the required properties. This article compares selected mechanical, physical and flow properties of the original powder material used for 3D printing with the created granulate. The granulate was created by a process of high-pressure compaction between the rolls of a compactor and subsequent dry granulation on a patented flat-die granulator to create a granulate with a narrow particle size distribution. The result is an assessment of the improvement in flow properties for possible material recycling and reuse of the raw material for further processing using 3D printing.
ASSESSMENT OF GEOMETRIC DISTORTION OF CANTILEVERS PRINTED WITH DIFFERENT INTERNAL STRUCTURES AFTER DIFFERENT POST-PROCESSES
Authors:   Department of Machining, Assembly and Engineering Metrology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, MA QUOC-PHU , SADILEK MAREK ,   Department of Machining, Assembly and Engineering Metrology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, GAUTAM PREETI ,   Department of Machining, Assembly and Engineering Metrology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, JANOSKO MARTIN ,   Department of Machining, Assembly and Engineering Metrology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, MESICEK JAKUB ,   Department of Machining, Assembly and Engineering Metrology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, VSB-Technical University of Ostrava
Published: September 2024

This study assesses the geometric distortion of cantilevers fabricated from stainless steel 316L with varying internal structures using Selective Laser Melting (SLM) technology. The cantilevers were printed under identical conditions and subsequently post-processed with Wire Electrical Discharge Machining (WEDM) and heat treatment. The geometric deviations were evaluated using a micrometer and a Coordinate-Measuring Machine (CMM). This research underscores the importance of internal structure selection and post-processing in enhancing the geometric accuracy and mechanical stability of 3D-printed slender structures from stainless steel. By demonstrating that internal geometries can significantly influence the end product's structural performance, the findings provide valuable insights for the design and engineering of Additive Manufactured (AM) components, particularly in applications that involve bending.
RESEARCH ABOUT M300 MARAGING STEEL METALLIC POWDER FOR USE IN SLM 3D PRINTING
Authors:   Department of Machining Assembly and Engineering Metrology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, VSB -Technical University of Ostrava, MECHALI ABDESSELAM , SADILEK MAREK ,   Department of Machining Assembly and Engineering Metrology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, VSB -Technical University of Ostrava, MRKVICA IVAN ,   Department of Machining Assembly and Engineering Metrology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, VSB -Technical University of Ostrava, HLINKA JOSEF ,   Department of Materials Engineering, Faculty of Materials and Technology, VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, JAHAN IBRAHIM ,   Libyan Authority of science research, PAGAC MAREK ,   Department of Machining Assembly and Engineering Metrology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, VSB -Technical University of Ostrava, GAUTAM PREETI ,   Department of Machining Assembly and Engineering Metrology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, VSB -Technical University of Ostrava, MESICK JAKUB ,   Department of Machining Assembly and Engineering Metrology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, VSB -Technical University of Ostrava, HAJNYS JIRI ,   Department of Machining Assembly and Engineering Metrology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, VSB -Technical University of Ostrava, PETRU JANA ,   Department of Machining Assembly and Engineering Metrology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, VSB -Technical University of Ostrava
Published: September 2024

A growing number of steel components are being fabricated by 3D metal printing. Using metallic powder as the material fed into the laser is selective laser melting (SLM), one of the most popular and precise techniques. The main focus of this article is the investigation that Renishaw conducted on the powder that was supplied. The powder is made using the gas atomization method, and the powder obtained from the SLM process is then examined. The powder's morphology is analysed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The particles were seen to have a spherical shape, with a notable number of satellites attached to their surface. The particle size distribution (PSD) was examined and ranged from 15 to 90 µm. In addition, the porosity exhibited a range of values between 0.03% and 0.12%, with an average value of 0.07%. Additionally, the surface wettability was tested, and it was seen to display a wetting behavior (under 90◦) which provided surface energy up to 46.21 mJ.m−2.
Estimating the Poverty Status Among Ginger Women Farmers in Kaduna State, Nigeria
Authors: Oladele Olugbenga , Maharazu Ibrahim , Alabı Olugbenga Omotayo , Aluwong Jeremiah
Published: September 2024

This research estimated the poverty status among ginger women farmers in Kaduna State, Nigeria. Primary data were used based on a well-designed questionnaire. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Foster, Greer and Thorbecke (FGT) poverty index, Tobit regression model, and principal component model. The outcome shows that the average age, years of farming experience, and educational level approximate 48 years, 9 years, and 11 years respectively. The poverty line is approximately 4, 172.06 Naira (1 USD = 1 104 Naira). The poverty incidence 〖(P〗_0) approximately 0.5298, 95% CI [0.4575, 0.6021] this corresponds to 52.98% of ginger women farmers are poor, from the sampling population, this adds up to the fact that 63 ginger women farmers are poor, while 57 ginger women farmers were non-poor. Approximately 4.7 million of the entire population were poor, while 4.2 million were non-poor. The poverty depth 〖(P〗_1) which explains that the gap between the poor ginger women farmers and the poverty line is calculated as 0.2876, 95% CI [ 0.2465, 0.3287] this implies that it will take the poor ginger women farmers (28.76% × 4, 172.06 Naira) the amount of 1, 199.88 Naira to cover up or make up for the poverty gap. The severity of poverty 〖(P〗_2) which measures the squares of the poverty gap relative to the poverty line was calculated at 0.1967, 95% CI [ 0.1575, 0.2359], this means that 19.67% of the ginger women farmers were severely poor. The educational level, years of ginger farming, income from ginger farming, off-farm income, and membership of cooperative were different significantly from zero in influencing poverty status among ginger women producers. The major limitations were a lack of credit facilities, a lack of access to land, and a lack of farm inputs. The ginger women farmers should join cooperative associations as this will enable them to share ideas, and information on new farm techniques and access credit at single digit interest rates to increase productivity and reduce poverty.
Assessing Drug Crime Concentrations Across Types of Rural and Urban Areas
Authors: Wagner Jascha
Published: September 2024

Crime is highly concentrated in a small percentage of micro-places, such as street segments. Research indicates that drug crimes might show even higher spatial concentration levels than property and violent crimes. Similarly, studies have shown that hot spots policing interventions for drug crimes are more effective than for other crimes. However, what we know about drug crime concentrations in micro-places is based almost exclusively on urban areas. Differences in crime concentrations in micro-places between rural and urban areas might, in turn, impact the effectiveness and transferability of common intervention strategies. This study addresses these issues by assessing drug crime concentrations in micro-places across diverse geographic area types (i.e., small cities, suburban areas, small towns, touristic, and rural areas). Adapting recent methodological advancements that allow for accurately assessing spatial concentrations for rare events, the study shows that drug crimes are, overall, highly spatially concentrated and can show even higher levels of concentration in some types of less urbanized areas.
“It’s a Double-Edged Sword”: Proximal Affinity in Relationships Between Rural Parole Officers and Parolees
Authors: Poole Christine , Vaughn-Somervell Shelby , Dewey Susan , VandeBerg Brittany
Published: September 2024

Rural parole officers and people under their parole supervision indisputably face major challenges as they jointly navigate reentry. Such challenges include obtaining employment, accessing substance use and mental health treatment services, and navigating felony-related stigma. Utilizing 120 interviews conducted with parole officers and people on parole in Wyoming, we argue that proximal affinity – the degree to which individuals relate to and empathize with others based on their perceptions of one another as potential or actual neighbors in community – directly impacts the parole supervision relationship and, when exercised positively, may even help to explain why, despite rural areas’ extremely limited or even nonexistent numbers of reentry services, rural people on parole recidivate less often their peers in more populous areas.
An Analysis of Livestock Theft in South Africa (2013-2023): Towards a Deeper Understanding of Livestock Dynamics for Enhanced Countermeasures
Authors: Clack Willie
Published: September 2024

Livestock theft poses a significant challenge to the agricultural sector in South Africa, impacting farmers’ livelihoods, food security, and economic stability. This article analyses livestock theft in South Africa for the ten-year period from 2013 to 2023. It draws on existing literature, government statistics, and analyses of livestock theft statistics. The study identifies the key factors contributing to livestock theft, including regional disparities, seasonal patterns, and the involvement of organised crime. Key findings reveal a steady decline in reported cases from the 2018/2019 financial reporting year, even though the number of stolen livestock has remained relatively high. This is indicative of underreporting, livestock theft incidents; closed-circuit television (CCTV) and surveillance measures; that have had an influence on the data. Practical recommendations are made for combating livestock theft, including improving reporting mechanisms; conducting targeted research on regional hotspots; implementing interventions during peak theft periods; fostering stakeholder collaboration; and increased investment in the training and capacity-building initiatives for law enforcement agencies. This article contributes to understanding the complexities of livestock theft in South Africa. It offers actionable recommendations for policymakers, law enforcement agencies, and agricultural stakeholders to address this pressing issue and protect the economic livelihoods of farming communities.
Exploring College of Education Students’ Perceptions of the Educational Uses of Virtual Reality (VR) Technologies
Authors:   College of Basic Education, The Public Authority for Applied Education and Training (PAAET), Kuwait, Kuwait, Almisad Budour M.
Published: September 2024

Integrating Virtual Reality (VR) in education is widely acknowledged as a promising tool for enhancing learning outcomes. As future educators, it is crucial to understand and leverage these emerging technologies to advance education. However, there is a need to comprehensively understand the status of future educators’ perspectives on the educational applications of VR technologies. The current research paper aimed to examine college of education students’ perceptions of educational uses of VR technologies. The participants’ perceptions were measured using three dimensions: Awareness of VR technologies and their applications in education, motivations toward the educational uses of VR technologies, and obstacles for the educational uses of VR technologies. A descriptive research design was used in this study. A questionnaire instrument was used to collect data from the participants. The number of participants was 186 students. The findings indicated that students had a moderate level of awareness of VR technologies and their educational uses. However, the participants expressed high motivation toward the educational uses of VR technologies. In addition, the results indicated a moderate level of perceived obstacles to integrating VR technologies in education, among the examined perceived obstacles, the most significant barriers include the lack of training, lack of time for preparation, and the absence of technical assistance and facilities. Based on the results, a set of recommendations was provided.
AI Meeting Assistants in English-Medium University Lectures in Hong Kong, China: A Double-Edged Sword for Student Perception
Authors:   Data Science and Policy Studies Programme, Faculty of Social Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China, Kwok Alex Pak Ki
Published: September 2024

This study investigates the effectiveness of Artificial Intelligence Meeting Assistants (AIMAs) in enhancing student engagement and satisfaction in English-medium university lectures in Hong Kong, China. Otter.ai, known for its real-time transcription capabilities, was implemented in two mandatory English course sessions for first-year students. Student feedback was collected through post-lecture surveys. Preliminary analyses reveal an encouraging impact on the anticipated performance of students using the AIMA, with those in the AIMA group reporting statistically higher expected grades compared to the non-AIMA group. However, perceived instructor enthusiasm and communication skills and clarity of presentation are noted to be lower for the AIMA group. This research underscores both the potential benefits and challenges linked with AIMA usage in an academic context. By illuminating these aspects and identifying areas for improvement in AIMA implementation, this study contributes to bridging the gap between AI technology and its practical application in education.
A case report on primary hyperoxaluria type 1 in an infant
Authors: Bhatt Jaladhi V. , Shah Kanisha S. , Desai Pankti , Paliya Parag
Published: September 2024

An alanine-glyoxylate aminotransferase (AGT) deficiency causes elevated oxalate levels in primary hyperoxaluria type 1 (PH1), a rare genetic disorder that can cause renal complications. We report the case of a 3-month-old male infant with respiratory distress, decreased urine output, and metabolic acidosis who was born to consanguineous parents. Bilateral nephrocalcinosis and severe metabolic disturbances were found during further examinations. Prompt identification and genetic validation for therapeutic interventions guided by PH1, such as peritoneal dialysis. The severity of PH1 was highlighted by difficulties maintaining renal function even after an initial improvement. To lessen the severe effects of PH1, this case highlights the significance of early diagnosis, genetic evaluation, and multidisciplinary management.
A comparative study of clinical signs versus pulse oximetry for prediction of hypoxia in very severe pneumonia in children
Authors: R. Ajay K. , G. Apoorva I. , K. Raksha S.
Published: September 2024

Background: Severe pneumonia is a leading cause of pediatric mortality, especially in developing countries. Hypoxia, a common complication, requires accurate and timely detection. Traditional clinical signs and the more recent pulse oximetry are both used to predict hypoxia, but their comparative effectiveness in very severe pneumonia is not well-established.
Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was conducted at SPMCHI Hospital, SMS Medical College, Jaipur, from September 2019 to May 2020. It involved 150 children aged 2 months to 5 years, diagnosed with very severe pneumonia per F-IMNCI guidelines. We compared the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of clinical signs versus pulse oximetry in predicting hypoxia.
Results: Of the 150 children, 67.3% were aged 2–12 months. Hypoxia was more prevalent in this age group (58.4%) compared to children older than 12 months (40.8%) (p=0.042). Gender did not significantly affect hypoxia incidence. Pulse oximetry showed higher specificity and sensitivity compared to clinical signs alone, with respiratory rates ≥70/min providing the highest specificity (92.6%).
Conclusions: Pulse oximetry provides a more reliable diagnostic tool for predicting hypoxia in children with very severe pneumonia compared to traditional clinical signs, suggesting a need for broader implementation in resource-limited settings.
Empathy and emotional intelligence in physiotherapy: Enhancing patient care and outcomes
Authors: Thiyagarajan Alagappan
Published: September 2024

This paper explores the critical role of empathy and emotional intelligence in physiotherapy, focusing on their impact on patient care and treatment outcomes. The study identifies key empathy skills, including reflective listening, emotional labeling, perspective-taking, empathic acknowledgment, and compassionate curiosity, as essential for building strong therapeutic relationships and enhancing patient satisfaction and adherence. Data from surveyed physiotherapists reveal that approximately 85% observed improved patient engagement when these skills were applied, with 70% noting increased patient satisfaction and 60% reporting a positive effect on the therapeutic alliance. However, the study also highlights challenges such as compassion fatigue, which affects about 40% of physiotherapists and can diminish their capacity for empathy. Strategies like regular self-care and professional development were shown to improve management of these challenges by 50%, underscoring the need for continuous training in emotional intelligence. The paper concludes that integrating empathy and emotional intelligence into physiotherapy practice not only fosters a culture of patient-centered care but also significantly improves patient outcomes and satisfaction. It recommends incorporating comprehensive training on these skills into physiotherapy education and providing ongoing professional development opportunities to sustain high-quality, empathetic care.
Prospective study comparing the visual analogue scale pre- and postoperatively following a total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Chakravarthy HY Rakshith , Yadav N Abhishek
Published: September 2024

Knee osteoarthritis (OA) emerges as a major contributor to chronic pain and limitations in daily activities, particularly among older adults. It's a complex condition influenced by a combination of genetic factors, environmental exposures, lifestyle choices, and the natural aging process.

In this prospective study we try and evaluate the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) in a set of 30 patients and compare the results preoperatively and at a medium term follow up.

A prospective analysis was conducted on 30 patients undergoing primary TKA. Preoperative VAS scores were collected to assess baseline pain levels. Postoperative VAS scores were obtained at 4 weeks, 8 weeks, and 6 months. Paired t-tests were used to analyse the differences between pre-operative and post-operative VAS scores

Preoperative VAS scores averaged 7.2 (SD=1.5), indicating moderate to high pain levels. A significant decrease in pain was observed at 4 weeks post-surgery (4.8, SD=1.8), with further improvement at 8 weeks (3.5, SD=1.3) and 6 months (2.1, SD=1.0).

This study suggests that TKA is effective in reducing pain associated with knee osteoarthritis. The significant decrease in VAS scores at 4 weeks post-operatively, with continued improvement at later time points, supports this finding. These results align with existing literature on pain relief following TKA.
Anterolateral thigh free flap surgery for medial malleoli fracture with extensive dorsal foot skin defect: A case report
Authors: Naik Rajesh B , Mudgal Chandrashekar V , Prasad Krishna
Published: September 2024

Severe foot deformities, especially those affecting the dorsum of the foot, can make it difficult to perform daily activities. For example, mild pain when walking can be felt on the dorsal aspect of the foot, and toe contractures can make it difficult to wear non supportive shoes. Reconstructive surgeons face a great deal of difficulty in providing a suitable flap in accordance with the "like for like" reconstructive principle. The best outcomes for reconstructing small- to medium-sized dorsal foot lesions have been reported using local flaps and pedicled flaps. Reconstruction of large dorsal foot deformities is, however, hardly studied. In this work, we report our experience reconstructing large dorsal foot lesions using the free anterolateral thigh (ALT) flap.
Social Prescribing in a Japanese Community Library Shows Positive Impacts on Participants
Authors: Phinney Jackie
Published: September 2024

A Review of:
Morimoto, Y., Koga, Y., Kenzaka, T., & Son, D. (2023). Social prescribing initiative at community library and its impact on residents and the community: A qualitative study. Journal of Primary Care & Community Health, 14, https://doi.org/10.1177/21501319231181877
Objective – To determine the impacts of social prescribing in community libraries when medical and social professionals participate.
Design – Qualitative study using semi-structured interviews
Setting – A community library operated by medical and social support staff in Toyooka City, Japan.
Subjects – 10 library participants of various ages, genders, occupations, and levels of involvement.
Methods – Two of the authors in this study conducted semi-structured interviews with the users, volunteers, and staff of a community library to solicit their experiences in participating in this initiative. Using an interview guide, data was collected from study participants at the community library site or at a local college, and interviews took place in Japanese, but data was later translated to English post-transcription and analysis. This analysis was completed using the Steps for Coding and Theorization method (or SCAT) (Otani, 2008) for qualitative analysis.
Main Results – The authors’ analysis of interview data revealed 11 major categories that participants spoke of the community library offering them, such as “a place to stay, attractive space design, diverse accessibility, choosability of various roles, consultation function, social support, empowerment, mutual trust, formation of connections across generations/attributes, co-creation, and social impact”.
Conclusion – Embedding primary care medical providers and staff who recommend or provide social supports in community libraries can reduce barriers to access in both domains and improve the local community overall. This study has implications for all libraries that welcome users to partake in supplemental services and events. However, public libraries should take special note of this study’s findings as they could be inspired to incorporate community members, primary care providers, and social supports into their service provision.
Application of the adaptive filtering method to evaluation of the oscillation period of the flow systems
Authors:   Saratov State University, Kipchatov Alexan , Podin Stanislav ,   Saratov State University
Published: September 2024

A method of the flow system‘s oscillation fegime determination is developed in this work. To find oscillation period a digital filtering procedure is used in combination with integration step tuning. This method can be used for construction of the flow systems two—parameter bifurcation diagram.
Evolution of basins of attraction for coupled period doubling systems
Authors:   Saratov State University, Astahov Sergej , Bezruchko Boris ,   Saratov State University, Seleznev Evgeny ,   Saratov Branch of Kotel`nikov Institute of Radiophysics and Electronics of Russian Academy of Sciences, Smirnov Dmitrij ,   Saratov Branch of Kotel`nikov Institute of Radiophysics and Electronics of Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: September 2024

Peculiarities of basin structure for dissipatively coupled period doubling systems are investigated both experimentally (RL—diode circuits) and numerically (system of quadratic maps). Characteristic types of basin evolution are recognized; in particular, two possible variants of basin fractalization are found.
Nonlinear oscillations, catastrophes and bifurcations. Tasks.
Authors:   Saratov Branch of Kotel`nikov Institute of Radiophysics and Electronics of Russian Academy of Sciences, Kuznetsov Aleksandr
Published: September 2024

Examples of problems are presented - for the courses "Nonlinear Oscillations", "Catastrophes and Bifurcations". The need for seminar classes is discussed. Connections with the course of general physics are demonstrated.
"Living ooems speak themselves..." Notes on humanitarian education in physics and mathematics lyceums
Authors:   Saratov State University, Ryskin Mikhail
Published: September 2024

The tradition of teaching the humanities that has developed in recent years is critically examined. A new approach to the problem of humanization is substantiated, based on environmental priorities and direct perception of cultural values. An experimental program of a co-evolutionary oriented special course "Poetry and Nature" is proposed, implementing the stated approach.
Fundamentals of Synergetics. Course Program
Authors:   National Research Tomsk State University, Poizner Boris
Published: September 2024

The course "Fundamentals of Synergetics" has been taught at the Department of Quantum Electronics and Photonics of Tomsk State University since the 1996/97 academic year for students of radiophysics specializing in the physics of optical phenomena, and since the 1997/98 academic year for master's students of the radiophysics and chemistry departments of TSU. Lectures are accompanied by computational experiments: optical bistability, self-organization in a nonlinear ring interferometer, quantitative methods for analyzing structure formation, dynamic chaos in a laser, etc. The last version of the program was made in July 1997.
Formation of the ionization front inside the gas discharge plasma
Authors:   Ryazan State Radio Engineering University, Morozov Dmitrij , Stepanov Vladimir ,   Pushkin Leningrad State University, Chirkin Mikhail ,   Ryazan State Radio Engineering University
Published: September 2024

Self-excitation of the electric field oscillation has been investigated in the low pressure gas discharge plasma surrounded by а metallic screen. There have been examined non-local bifurcations of the limit cycle, which cortesponds to the self-pulsed gas discharge mode. There have been reconstructed instantaneous distributions of the electric field potential along the plasma channel. It was observed a solitary ionization front with a strong electric field that propagated to the anode from the cathode. The ‘jonization front appeared as а result of the non-uniform self-oscillation with large amplitude.
Kolmogorov, Petrovsky, Piskunov, Fischer and the nonlinear diffusion equation
Authors:   Saratov State University, Trubetskov Dmitriy
Published: September 2024

In retrospect, it appears that mathematicians missed a great opportunity to obtain important scientific results simply because they ignored the study of the nonlinear diffusion equation. An exception was the work of A. N. Kolmogorov, I. G. Petrovsky, and N. S. Piskunov. "Investigation of the diffusion equation associated with an increase in the amount of substance..." They showed that any initial disturbance in the form of a difference tends to the same isolated stationary solution of the traveling wave type. The authors studied this solution using the phase plane and obtained an explicit expression for the velocity. ... The fact that mathematicians failed to study the Kolmogorov-Petrovsky-Piskunov equation in time cannot be explained by the weakness of their technique in the face of enormous mathematical difficulties... The obstacle probably lay in the fact that mathematicians automatically transferred the conclusion about the non-wave behavior of solutions of the linear diffusion equation to the nonlinear case.
False nearest neighbors: influence of method parameters on minimum embedding dimension estimation
Authors:   Newcastle University, Kraskov Alexander , Rakitin Sergei ,   Saratov State University
Published: September 2024

In the paper, simple test systems are used to illustrate the false nearest neighbors method which is among the tools for analyzing time series. We study е influence of some parameters of the above method (data set length, number of bits in binary data representation, metrics chosen, and delay time) on minimum embedding dimension estimation.
Innovative Learning Strategies to Enhance Student Motivation and Academic Achievement: A Constructivist Learning Perspective in Islamic Religious Education
Authors: Syamsuddin Irma Suryani
Published: September 2024

This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of innovative, constructivist-based learning strategies in enhancing student motivation and academic achievement. The constructivist approach, which emphasizes active, project-based, and collaborative learning, was implemented in a higher education setting to assess its impact on student motivation and academic outcomes. A quasi-experimental research design with treatment and control groups was employed, involving students from various academic programs. Data were collected through questionnaires measuring learning motivation and academic performance before and after the implementation of innovative strategies. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive and inferential statistics, including t-tests to compare differences between the treatment and control groups. The findings indicate that the application of constructivist-based innovative learning strategies significantly improves student motivation and academic achievement. Active and project-based learning methods increased student engagement and facilitated better understanding of the material, as reflected in improved academic outcomes. The study also underscores the importance of a supportive learning environment, including the use of digital technology, in fostering the learning process. Limitations of the study include a limited sample size and contextual variables that may influence the results. The study provides recommendations for educational institutions to adopt innovative learning strategies and encourages further research to explore various learning approaches in greater depth
Assessing and Improving Land Use on Saint Martin Island, Bangladesh: Insights from a Comprehensive Survey
Authors: Shikdar Sayma
Published: September 2024

Saint-Martin Island, the only coral island of Bangladesh, covers an area of 8 square kilometers and is a popular tourist destination. Despite its small population of approximately 8,000 residents, effective land utilization is crucial for improving the island's economic condition. With growing population pressures and limited land availability, scientific land use planning becomes essential. This research aims to develop a comprehensive land use plan by conducting a detailed land use survey of Saint-Martin Island. A plot map was obtained from the local land office, and an onsite survey was performed to assess current land use practices. The analysis revealed that a significant portion of the land remains unused, with only 0.6% designated for farming. The majority of residents live in shanties, and multi-storied buildings are rare. Additionally, the number of educational institutions is insufficient. The study highlights the need to cease overexploitation of natural resources and convert unused lands into farmland. A strategic plan for agriculture, fishing, and sustainable resource use is recommended to ensure long-term sustainability and economic development.
Definition of the Concept of the Balance of Interests of Creditors and the Debtor in an Insolvency (Bankruptcy) Case
Authors:   Lawyer, Korotaev Roman A.
Published: September 2024

The work is devoted to the definition of the concept of balance of interests of creditors and debtor in bankruptcy proceedings. It is necessary to determine the definition of the balance of interests of creditors and the debtor in a bankruptcy case, taking into account the importance of this balance regarding constitutional and civil principles, and the prevention of abuse of law. It is determined that the balance of interests of the persons involved in the case represents the proportionality of rights and obligations at the stage of bankruptcy established by law, which does not allow violating the rights and legitimate interests of the other party established by law. As a result of the conducted research, based on the opinion of scientists and the provisions of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation, the author proposed a concise definition of the concept of balancing the interests of creditors and the debtor in a bankruptcy case.
Payment Remuneration, Guarantees and Compensations as Labor Elements of Professional Activity of a Judge
Authors:   Postgraduate Student of the National Research University Higher School of Economics, Lukhovskaya Yulia O.
Published: September 2024

The article covers the Labor Law institutes of Labor Remuneration, Benefits and Compensations connected to Judges’ professional activity. The Author points to the inconsistency of the existing difference in the salaries of the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation and the Chief Justice of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation with the fundamental Labor Law principles of remuneration, the need to eliminate the inequality of salaries of mentioned public officials in accordance with these principles. It is stated that the current legislation should be improved by the rules of supplemental payments for Judges’ overtime work as well as for performing of optional element of labor function of the Judges.
The Concept of Ecological Civilization in the Constitution of the PRC
Authors:   Postgraduate Student of the Department of International Law of the Law Institute of the Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, Guixin Chen
Published: September 2024

Since the 18th National Congress of the CPC in 2012, China has been actively promoting the construction of ecological civilization. In 2018, the concept of “ecological civilization” was enshrined in the Constitution of the PRC. At present, building “ecological civilization” has become the legislative goal of many laws in China, and China has also established special tribunals for environmental protection and conservation of ecological resources, which provide judicial specialization of environmental protection. The construction of “ecological civilization” is conducive to the protection of the earth’s three major ecosystems: wetlands, forests and oceans. Enshrining the concept of “ecological civilization” in the Constitution of the People’s Republic of China is of great significance to ensure China’s rule of law in the environmental field and presents China’s experience to the world.
Análise fatorial exploratória na avaliação das políticas educacionais em curso de pós-graduação
Authors: Souza Jonimar da Silva , Souza Lady Day Pereira de , Luiz Everton Luiz Candido
Published: September 2024

Este é um estudo de caso, com o objetivo de aplicar a análise fatorial exploratória (AFE) para identificar as relações subjacentes em questionário que explora a percepção do estudante de pós-graduação sobre a área (gestão pública) e modalidade (EaD) do curso. Para tanto realizou-se coleta dos dados por meio de questionário fechado, utilizando-se a escala Likert de cinco pontos, que variam entre concordância e discordância. A amostra está composta por 2.134 estudantes ingressantes no curso de pós-graduação de Gestão de Instituição Pública na modalidade educação a distância ofertada pelo Instituto Federal de Rondônia - IFRO. Assim, o uso da Análise Fatorial Exploratória neste estudo, sugere o agrupamento de 11 variáveis do questionário em cinco fatores. A percepção dos estudantes sobre a gestão pública identifica três fatores: Capacidade da gestão, visão gerencialista e participação social. A percepção deles sobre a modalidade EaD resultou em dois fatores: rigor e autonomia. O total dos fatores explicou 58,46% da variação total, sendo que o primeiro fator explicou 14,25%, o segundo 11,75%, o terceiro 11,71%, quarto 10,84% e o quinto 9,95%. O resultado da pesquisa apresentou uma redução das variáveis em fatores que podem contribuir no processo da implementação das políticas educacionais das instituições de ensino, de modo a direcionar assertivamente novas políticas organizacionais. Conclui-se que analise fatorial pode auxiliar a instituição ensino ofertante a entender as motivações dos estudantes e alinhar suas práticas, visando, inclusive, aumentar o êxito e permanência desses estudantes e consequentemente subsidiar o colegiado a orientação didático-pedagógico e dos recursos tecnológicos.
Análises probabilística e de sensibilidade aplicadas ao estudo de um pavimento asfáltico com revestimento modelado via série de Prony
Authors: Faria Albert Willian , Garcia Paulo Roberto
Published: September 2024

A análise probabilística e de sensibilidade do comportamento mecânico de um pavimento asfáltico submetido um carregamento variável com o tempo, proveniente do tráfego de veículos, é analisado neste trabalho. O pavimento em estudo é estruturado em três camadas: revestimento asfáltico, base granular e subleito. O modelo probabilístico do sistema é implementado usando o Método dos Elementos Finitos no software ANSYS. As variáveis de entrada do modelo 2D incluem a geometria e as propriedades mecânicas do pavimento e do subleito, e são implementados utilizando a Simulação de Monte Carlo. Um elemento quadrático plano, de oito nós e dois graus de liberdade de translação por nó é utilizado na modelagem do sistema. O revestimento asfáltico é adotado como sendo viscoelático-linear, sendo modelado empregando a série de Prony, enquanto os demais materiais são adotados como sendo elástico-lineares. O máximo deslocamento vertical médio sofrido pelo revestimento asfáltico é a única variável aleatória de saída do sistema, e cujo valor é comparado e validado através dos resultados determinísticos fornecidos pela literatura científica. Os resultados probabilísticos demonstram, com 95 % de probabilidade e confiança, que os deslocamentos verticais médios sofridos pelo pavimento são maiores que os correspondentes determinísticos. A incerteza associada ao valor do deslocamento vertical médio tende a ser maior no ponto em que a carga vertical atinge o seu máximo valor, diminuindo e se estabilizando conforme o tempo de análise. A análise de sensibilidade demonstra que a espessura do revestimento asfáltico e o módulo de elasticidade da base são os parâmetros que mais influenciam nos valores do deslocamento vertical máximo e no deslocamento permanente do pavimento, respectivamente.
Leveraging artificial intelligence for enhanced business operations: challenges and opportunities
Authors: Abu-Dawas Motasem
Published: September 2024

This paper provides a comprehensive literature review on the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into business operations, focusing on its transformative potential and the associated challenges. The study explores how AI is reshaping traditional business practices, from enhancing customer interactions and optimizing supply chain management to enabling data-driven decision-making. The discussion of important uses of AI, including chatbots, predictive analytics, and AI-driven marketing tactics, is supported by actual business examples from organizations like Amazon, Coca-Cola, and Bank of America. The evaluation also emphasizes the need for responsible AI deployment by addressing important topics such as worker dynamics, ethical concerns, and legal constraints. Additionally, new developments in robotics and quantum computing are emphasized as potential paths for AI's development in the future. The results highlight how crucial it is to strike a balance between innovation and morality to guarantee that artificial intelligence (AI) advances both corporate expansion and public welfare.
Keywords: Artificial intelligence; AI applications; business operations, transformative technology.
Application of Dijkstra Algorithm in Determining Transportation Costs for Tourist Attractions in Lombok Island Based on the Shortest Path
Authors: Afdhaluzzikri M. , Santriawan Lalu Djatmika , Sapni Ermawati , Nugroho M. Setyo , Romdhini Mamika Ujianita
Published: September 2024

Purpose: Lombok Island is known as an attractive tourist destination with natural beauty and unique culture. The growth of the tourism sector is very important for regional economic development. Lombok Island often faces challenges in its transportation system, including complex routes, varying road conditions, and traffic problems.
Method: In this research, the data used were 30 tourist attractions on the island of Lombok sourced from the Tourism Office. Tourist attractions in Lombok are represented by vertices in the graph. Then the edges represent roads connecting tourist attractions and the weights represent the cost of getting to each tourist attraction from a starting vertex. Then, to determine the minimum transportation cost for each tourist attraction based on this graph, we use Dijkstra algorithm based on the shortest path for each tourist attraction.
Result: The minimum transportation costs for each tourist attraction are obtained based on the shortest route for each tourist attraction on Lombok Island.
Contribution: The application of Dijkstra algorithm can be a solution to overcome some of these challenges by determining the shortest path and optimizing transportation costs.
Homogenization of a Thermoelastic Bristly Structure Immersed in a Thermofluid
Authors: Sazhenkov Sergey , Sazhenkova Elena
Published: September 2024

The effective macroscopic model describing interactions of a viscous compressible heat-conducting fluid and a two-level fine bristly thermoelastic structure is derived from microstructure by means of the Allaire–Briane multi-scale convergence method. This new model naturally generalizes the isothermal formulation earlier constructed by the authors in 2020, see in Siberian Electronic Mathematical Reports, vol. 17 (https://doi.org/10.33048/semi.2020.17.100). In applications, the established model can be used, for example, in description, with account of heat transfer phenomemon, of airflow near surface of plant’s leaf, in simulation of epithelium surfaces of blood vessels, and in design of biotechnological devices operating in liquids.