bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A dual-activity topoisomerase complex regulates translation and abundance of mRNAs important for psychiatric disorders
Authors: Su Shuaikun , Xue Yutong , Sharov Alexei , Zhang Yongqing , Lee Seung kyu , Martindale Jennifer , Li Wen , Ku Wai Lim , Zhao Keji , De Supriyo , Sen Payel , Gorospe Myriam , Xu Dongyi , Wang Weidong
Published: March 2022

Topoisomerase 3b (TOP3B)-TDRD3 is a dual-activity topoisomerase complex in animals that can change topology for both DNA and RNA. A current hypothesis proposes that this complex interacts with Fragile X mental retardation protein, FMRP, to regulate mRNA translation. Here we examined this hypothesis by identifying TOP3B-TDRD3-bound mRNAs in human HCT116 cells; and analyzing the effect of inactivating TOP3B, TOP3B catalytic activity, TDRD3, and FMRP, on translation and abundance of these mRNAs. We found that TOP3B-TDRD3 resembles FMRP in preferentially binding to coding regions of long mRNAs. Complete inactivation of TOP3B protein, but not a point mutation that only disrupts TOP3B catalytic activity, preferentially reduced the abundance of the TOP3B-TDRD3-bound mRNAs. Moreover, ablation of the complex or inactivation of TOP3B catalytic activity alters translation for some but not all TOP3B-TDRD3 bound mRNAs, suggesting that TOP3B-TDRD3 may solve topological problems for specific mRNAs. Finally, several schizophrenia and autism-risk genes are bound and regulated by TOP3B-TDRD3 in mRNA translation and abundance by topoisomerase activity dependent and independent manners. Our data suggest that TOP3B-TDRD3 can regulate mRNA translation and abundance by topoisomerase activity dependent or independent mechanisms; and disruption of this function could contribute to pathogenesis of psychiatric disorders in TOP3B mutation carriers.
Mid-pregnancy poly(I:C) viral mimic disrupts placental ABC transporter expression and leads to long-term offspring motor and cognitive dysfunction
Authors: Ortiga-Carvalho Tania Maria , Monteiro Victoria Regina de S. , Andrade Cherley B. V. , Gomes Hanailly R. , Reginatto Mila W. , Império Güínever E. , Fontes Klaus N. , Spiess Daiane A. , Junior William S. R. , Nascimento Veronica M. O. , Lima Camila O. S. , Sousa Ronny P. C. , Bloise Flavia F. , Matthews Stephen G. , Bloise Enrrico , Pimentel-Coelho Pedro M.
Published: March 2022

Limited information is available about the effect of mid-pregnancy viral infections on the placental expression of efflux transporters and offspring behavior. We hypothesized that maternal exposure to polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid [poly(I:C)], a synthetic double-stranded RNA viral mimic, would impair placental cell turnover, the expression of selected ABC transporters and adult offspring behavior. C57BL/6 mice were administered poly(I:C) (10mg/Kg;ip) or vehicle at gestational day (GD) 13.5 (mid-pregnancy). Dams were euthanized for blood collection 4 h after injection, fetal and placental collection at GD18.5 or allowed to deliver spontaneously at term. At GD 13.5, poly(I:C) induced an acute pro-inflammatory response characterized by an increase in maternal plasma levels of IL-6, CXCL-1 and CCL-2. At GD 18.5, poly(I:C) decreased cell proliferation/death in the labyrinthine and increased cell death in the junctional zones, a disruption of placental cell turnover. Abca1 and Abcg1 immunolabelling was decreased in the labyrinthine zone, but Abca1, Abcg1 and breast cancer resistance transporter (Bcrp) expression increased in the junctional zone. Moreover, adult offspring showed motor and cognitive impairments in the Rotarod and T-water maze tests. These results indicate that viral infection during mid-pregnancy may disrupt the placental barrier and offspring behavior in adult life.
The effect of water shower spray on stress physiology and mortality in broiler chickens subjected to road transportation under the hot and humid tropical condition
Authors: Abidin Zulaikha Zainool , Sulaiman Nur Farrah Aizurin , Ramiah Suriya Kumari , Awad Elmutaz Atta , Idrus Zulkifli
Published: March 2022

This study was performed to investigate the effect of water shower spray on rectal temperature (RT), serum levels of corticosterone (CORT), heat shock protein (HSP) 70 and creatine kinase (CK) in broiler chickens road transported at different times of the day. A total of 320 male broiler chickens (35 days of age) were crated and subjected to either water shower spray (WS) for 10 minutes or no water shower (control). The WS and control broilers were then loaded into an open truck and transported either from 0900 h to 1100 h (29.0oC and 89.0% RH) (AM) or 1900 h to 2100 h (26.0oC and 94.0% RH) (PM) with an average speed of 80 km/h. The CORT of AM birds were significantly reduced by WS, but the treatment had negligible influence on the PM group. Transportation during AM significantly elevated RT, CORT and HSP70 compared to the PM group. Water shower spraying of birds before transit significantly reduced RT and HSP70 compared to controls. Neither water shower treatment nor transportation time had a significant on CK and mortality rate of broilers. In conclusion, water shower spray is beneficial to alleviate the physiological stress response in road transported broilers under the hot and humid tropical environment.
Perpetuation of Gender Discrimination in Pakistani Society: Results from a Qualitative Study Conducted in Three Provinces of Pakistan
Authors: Ali Tazeen Saeed , Ali Shahnaz Shahid , Nadeem Sanober , Memon Zahid , Soofi Sajid , Madhani Falak , Karim Yasmin , Mohammad Shah , Bhutta Zulfiqar
Published: March 2022

BackgroundPrejudice based on one’s gender leads to contempt, mistreatment, and marginalization, which can be characterized as gender discrimination. This occurrence appears in every country of the world and in many societies in which women are often on the receiving end. It affects the provision of women’s rights and negatively impacts their physical and emotional livelihoods. Thus, this study aims to qualitatively evaluate the reasons for gender discrimination in a specific country, Pakistan, and how women are affected. MethodsParticipant recruitment was done with purposive sampling. The collection of the data included community leaders/workers and various families using in-depth interviews and focused group discussions. The subsequent data analysis was manually done and electronically through QSR NVivo 10. All data were then complied with and verified by the research team. ResultsThe focus of the collected data resulted in three emergent themes. Firstly, gender discrimination seems to be geared more towards women based on how they are perceived by the community. Specifically, women are viewed as sexual objects and dependent beings, who are not identifiable as an individual unless they have a male partner. They are also subject to restrictive responsibilities, inherent to the household, while being deprived of rights, being neglected, and forced to suppress self-expression. Secondly, men are viewed as dominant figures in the lives of women, who often make all the familial decisions and do not share issues with their wives. This puts them in the role to be the financial provider and a source of protection, hence, the desire for male children to be born over female children. Thirdly, many institutions are involved in perpetuating gender discrimination including older generations, media, schools, and healthcare. Participants also gave recommendations to tackle the issue at hand including increasing education and healthcare resources. DiscussionThis study highlights the perpetuation of gender norms as a result of perceptions and cultural norms held by Pakistani society. To promote the wellbeing and rights of women more action is needed. Social movements, drawn out from social institutions, have proven useful for women's empowerment and advocation of societal change. Conclusion Due to the largely patriarchal society, Pakistani society continues to encourage gender discrimination through complex gender roles, with high resistance to change. Yet, this can be slowly altered as education can grow for men and women, thus, leading to a public effort with the power to improve the provision of rights for women in Pakistan
Efficacy and Pharmacokinetic of Human iPSC-derived Cardiomyocytes for Treating Heart Failure in Non-Human Primates
Authors: Liang Ningxia , Wang Qian , Zhang He , Li Zhaomin , Chen Taotao , Xu Faxiang , Guo Zhixin , Chen Guokai , Yang Huang-Tian , Wang Dongjin , Wang Guangji , Wang Jiaxian
Published: March 2022

Human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived cardiomyocytes (HiCM) transplantation is a potential next generation cell therapy to repair the injured myocardium. However, a systemic study is yet to be conducted to evaluate the efficacy, distribution, and safety of HiCM transplantation. Here using a Rhesus monkey model of myocardial infarction, we studied the efficacy of HiCM in repairing cardiac function and found HiCM significantly restored the ejection fraction (EF%) and fractional shortening (FS%) at 4 weeks after transplantation and the benefit lasted through 12 weeks. Furthermore, by using PET/CT tracking, we first demonstrated real-time biodistribution of radiolabeled hiPSC-CMs (89Zr-HiCM) in non-human primates, and found the majority of transplanted HiCM cells retained in heart after 504 hours. No tumor or ventricular arrhythmia was detected up to 32 weeks of observation. These results provide strong evidence to support HiCM as a potential reparative cure for cardiac damage.
Determination of Natural Distribution Areas and Some Agro-Morphological Characteristics with Sexual Dimorphism of Wild Asparagus (Asparagus Officinalis L.) in Iğdır Plain-Turkey
Authors: Özden Eren , Şeyran Ahmet , Koçak Mehmet Zeki , Kumlay Ahmet Metin , Tel Ahmet Zafer , Alma Mehmet Hakkı
Published: March 2022

Globally, interest in wild plants has been on the rise in recent years. The potential of wild plants to be used in breeding for sustainable agriculture and people's preference for consumption attract research attentions. The study was aimed to investigate the natural distribution of Asparagus officinalis L. taxon, along the Iğdır plain, one of the largest micro-climate regions of Turkey and consumed by the people of the region. The research was also motivated to evaluate wild Asparagus species using some agro-morphological characteristics with sexual dimorphism, for a two years study period. It has been identified that asparagus spreads along the Aras river forming the border of Armenia at altitudes of 800–1076 masl in the region and most densely populated in Karakoyunlu district. The result of the present investigation revealed a wide range of variations for agro-morphological characteristics like days to fruit ripening (76–91 d), edible spear length (168.21-315.34 mm), diameter (6.30-10.86 mm), fresh weight (5.27–19.52 g), dry weight (0.38–1.55 g), number of spear (8–26 plant-1), number of fruit (61-2467 spear-1), fruit weight (8.0-258.3 g spear-1), male plant length (1116.9-2.163.7 mm), female plant length (1219.4-2110.2 mm), male pedicle length (3.72–4.17 mm) and female pedicle length (3.21–3.54 mm) were observed, which can be useful for breeding purposes. Cluster constellation analysis was conducted to investigate the genetic diversity of 31 asparagus genotypes. According to the agro-morphological properties, asparagus were divided into 2 main groups and 4 sub-groups (A; A1, A2 and B; B1, B2). Aralık district samples were mostly collected in the B1 (pink), Karakoyunlu district in the B2 (blue), Tuzluca district in the Al (red) and A2 (green), and Iğdır district mostly in the B2 (blue) cluster. As a result, Karakoyunlu were found superior with the highest asparagus density and edible spear yield as compared to other districts. In order protect the habitat of wild asparagus from excessive consumption and losses due to climate changes, seeds should be collected from these areas to be used for cultivation and breeding purposes. In addition, it is advisable to keep seeds in gene banks for sustainable agriculture and protection of genetic diversity.
Determining Factors Associated with Cholera Disease in Ethiopia using Bayesian Hierarchical Modeling
Authors: Letta Tsigereda Tilahun , Belay Denekew Bitew , Ali Endale Alemayehu
Published: March 2022

Background: Cholera is a diarrheal disease caused by infection of the intestine with the gram-negative bacteria Vibrio cholera. It is caused by the ingestion of food or water and infected all age groups. This study aimed at identifying risk factors associated with cholera disease in Ethiopia using the Bayesian hierarchical model. Methods: The study was conducted in Ethiopia across regions and this study used secondary data obtained from the Ethiopian public health institute. Latent Gaussian models were used in this study; which is a group of models that contains most statistical models used in practice. The posterior marginal distribution of the Latent Gaussian models with different priors is determined by R-Integrated Nested Laplace Approximation. Results: There were 2790 cholera patients in Ethiopia across the regions. There were 81.61% of patients are survived from cholera outbreak disease and the rest 18.39% have died. There was 39% variation across the region in Ethiopia. Latent Gaussian models including random and fixed effects with standard priors were the best model to fit the data based on deviance. The odds of surviving from cholera outbreak disease for inpatient status are 0.609 times less than the outpatient status. Conclusions: The authors conclude that the fitted latent Gaussian models indicate the predictor variables; admission status, aged between 15 and 44, another sick person in a family, dehydration status, oral rehydration salt, intravenous, and antibiotics were significantly associated with cholera outbreak disease.
Australian clinicians’ perceptions of patients with very high risk of fracture
Authors: Girgis Christian M. , Choi Yoonah , Ebeling Peter R.
Published: March 2022

Background: International osteoporosis guidelines have recommended treatment approaches based on fracture risk stratification, in particular anabolic therapy for patients with very high risk (VHR) of fragility fracture. The aim of this study was to summarize Australian clinicians’ perceptions of patients at VHR of fracture. Methods: Australian clinicians invited to educational webinars on anabolic treatments for osteoporosis were surveyed in March and April 2021. The survey included 23 questions on patient characteristics and treatment approaches for a patient that the survey participant had most recently seen and identified to be at VHR of fracture. Results: Of the 268 clinician attendees who were invited to complete the post-webinar surveys, 67 (25%) responded and permitted publication of aggregated data. A typical patient perceived to have a VHR of fracture was a woman in her 80s, living at home, who had been diagnosed with osteoporosis between 5 and 10 years ago, and received treatment for 1 to 5 years’ duration, most commonly denosumab. The patient frequently had a T-score below –3.0 SD (standard deviation), multiple fragility fractures and most commonly ­suffered a vertebral fracture in the past 12 months, whilst on an adequate regimen of osteoporosis medication. There was a mismatch between the patient being eligible for anabolic therapy (64.2%) and actually having been prescribed an anabolic treatment in the past (20.9%).Conclusions: This study provided a snapshot of Australian clinicians’ perceptions of patients with a VHR of fracture. Local reimbursement criteria heavily influenced perceptions of Australian clinicians on VHR and the use of anabolic agents. The mismatch between patients deemed eligible for reimbursed anabolic therapy and those prescribed an anabolic agent, suggest treatment inertia. Further qualitative exploration of the reasons for the clinicians’ perceptions are needed. Differing definitions for VHR need inclusion in local osteoporosis guidelines.
CRELD2 is a novel modulator of calcium mobilisation and calcineurin- NFAT signalling during osteoclast differentiation
Authors: Duxfield Adam , Munkley Jennifer , Briggs Michael D. , Dennis Ella P.
Published: March 2022

Cysteine rich with epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like domains 2 (CRELD2) is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) resident chaperone protein with calcium binding properties. CRELD2 is an ER-stress regulated gene that has been implicated in the pathogenesis of skeletal dysplasias and has been shown to play an important role in the differentiation of chondrocytes and osteoblasts. Despite CRELD2 having an established role in skeletal development and bone formation, its role in osteoclasts is currently unknown. Here we show for the first time that CRELD2 plays a novel role in trafficking transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1), which is linked to an upregulation in the expression of Nfat2, the master regulator of osteoclast differentiation in early osteoclastogenesis. Despite this finding, we show that CRELD2 is dispensable for osteoclastogenesis. Indeed, the overexpression of Creld2 impaired osteoclast differentiation due to a reduction in the activity of the calcium-dependant phosphatase calcineurin. This in turn led to a subsequent block in the dephosphorylation of nuclear factor of activated T cells 1 (NFATc1) dephosphorylation preventing its nuclear localisation and activation as a pro-osteoclastogenic transcription factor. Our exciting results show that the overexpression of Creld2 in osteoclasts impaired calcium mobilisation which is essential for activating calcineurin and promoting osteoclastogenesis. Therefore, our data proposes a novel inhibitory role for this calcium-binding ER-resident chaperone in modulating calcium flux during osteoclast differentiation which has important implications in our understanding of bone remodelling and the pathogenesis of skeletal diseases.
Glycosylated clusterin species facilitate Aβ toxicity in human neurons
Authors: Foster Evangeline M , Fernandes Marco , Dangla-Valls Adra , Hublitz Philip , Pangalos Menelaos Nicolas , Lovestone Simon , Ribe Elena , Buckley Noel John
Published: March 2022

Background: Clusterin (CLU) is one of the most significant genetic risk factors for late onset Alzheimer’s disease. However, the mechanisms by which CLU contributes to AD development and pathogenesis remain unclear. Numerous studies have demonstrated that CLU-AD mutations and amyloid-β (Aβ) treatment alter the trafficking and localisation of glycosylated CLU proteins, which may contribute to AD pathogenesis. However, the roles of non-glycosylated and glycosylated CLU proteins in mediating Aβ toxicity have not been studied in human neurons. Methods: iPSCs with altered CLU trafficking were generated following the removal of CLU exon 2 by CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing. Neurons were generated from unedited wildtype, control unedited and exon 2 -/- edited iPSCs and were incubated with aggregated Aβ peptides. Changes in cell death and neurite length were quantified to determine if altered CLU protein trafficking influenced neuronal sensitivity to Aβ. Finally, RNA-Seq analysis was performed to identify key transcriptomic differences between CLU exon 2 -/- and CTR neurons.Results: The removal of CLU exon 2, and the ER-signal peptide located within, abolished the presence of glycosylated CLU and increased the abundance of intracellular, non-glycosylated CLU. Aβ25-35 treatment was demonstrated to alter glycosylated CLU trafficking in control neurons, while non-glycosylated CLU levels were unaltered in both, control and exon 2 -/- neurons. Partial protection against Aβ-induced cell death and neurite retraction was demonstrated in exon 2 -/- neurons. Transcriptome analysis identified downregulation of multiple extracellular matrix (ECM) related genes in exon 2 -/- neurons, potentially contributing to their reduced sensitivity to Aβ toxicity. Conclusions: This study identifies a crucial role of glycosylated CLU in facilitating Aβ toxicity in human neurons. The loss of these proteins reduced both, cell death and neurite damage, two key consequences of Aβ toxicity identified in the AD brain. Strikingly, transcriptomic differences between exon 2 -/- and CTR neurons were small, but a significant and consistent downregulation of ECM genes and pathways was identified in exon 2 -/- neurons. This may contribute to the reduced sensitivity of these neurons to Aβ, providing new mechanistic insights into Aβ pathologies and therapeutic targets for AD.
Calcipotriol/betamethasone dipropionate fixed combination for the treatment of psoriasis vulgaris: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Authors: Abdel-Aziz Walid , Elnaiem Walaa , Hassan Manar Ashraf , Alsiouty Asmaa Khaled , Mahmoud Ahmed Abdelrahman , Ali Abdelrahman Ahmed , Abd-elkader Mostafa Mahmod , Ahmed Youssef , Badran Mostafa , Ragab Khaled Mohamed , Nourelden Anas Zakarya , Zaazouee Mohamed Sayed
Published: March 2022

Psoriasis vulgaris has serious co-morbidities and impairs the quality of life. Vitamin D analogues and corticosteroids are widely used for treating psoriasis, but they have numerous effects. This review aims to assess the efficacy and safety of calcipotriol/betamethasone dipropionate (Cal/BD) as an alternative that may enhance patients' adherence. We searched PubMed, Cochrane, Web of science, and Scopus for reliable trials. The analysis was conducted by comprehensive meta-analysis (CMA) software using the Inverse-Variance method. The analysis showed that the fixed Cal/BD combination improves the psoriasis area and severity index score in body lesions (P<0.0001 at weeks one, two, four, and eight). It improves the total sign score (TSS) and achieves TSS-based response in scalp lesions (P<0.01 at eight weeks). Treatment success was achieved according to physician’s global assessment/investigator’s global assessment in scalp lesions (P<0.001 at weeks four, and eight), and according to patient’s global assessment in body (P=0.001 at week four) and scalp lesions (P<0.05 at weekss two, four, and eight). Adverse events were low for body (P<0.05 at weeks four, eight, and twelve) and scalp lesions (P<0.0001 at week eight). Our conclusion is that Cal/BD is effective and well-tolerated alternative therapy for psoriasis vulgaris.
Clinical features and short- and mid-term follow-up of refractory Kawasaki disease in children
Authors: Yuan Jia , Li Wei , Wang Zhouping , Wang Yanfei , Xie Xiaofei , Zhang Xu , Zhang Li , Huang Ping
Published: March 2022

Objective To investigate the clinical manifestations, laboratory data and coronary artery lesions of refractory Kawasaki disease, and to follow up the patients in the near to medium term. Methods Patients with refractory KD admitted to Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center between January 1, 2016 and December 31, 2020 were collected and their clinical data were retrospectively analyzed. Results A total of 42 patients were diagnosed with refractory KD, including 31 (73.81%) and 11 (26.19%) were male and female, respectively, with a median age of 26.7±19.3 (2-99) months. The average time, from onset to diagnosis and IVIG use, was 5.8±0.9 (4-12 ) days, while the fever lasted for 14.8±4.0 (8-34) days. A total of 29 patients exhibited coronary artery disease complications. All patients exhibited persistent or recurrent fever after two doses of IVIG therapy. A total of 41 patients were given a methylprednisolone regimen for up to three consecutive days as follows, while one patient continued to receive IVIG. The diameter of coronary arteries returned to normal 10 patients during the follow-up period, patients with medium and huge tumors exhibited shrunken diameter of coronary arteries, although they were not completely normal. Follow-up observations are still ongoing. Conclusion There is no unified diagnostic criteria and treatment plan for children with refractory KD. For patients that still experience fever after two IVIG treatments, clinicians need to consider the possibility of this type of KD. Development of an effective treatment plan is imperative to shortening fever time and prevention of progressive aggravation of coronary artery disease. Longer follow-up observation is also needed for this group of patients with coronary artery outcomes.
The correlation between multiple congenital anomalies hypotonia seizures syndrome 2 and PIGA: a case of novel PIGA germline variant and literature review
Authors: Liu Xiangyu , Meng Jing , Shu Jianbo , Gu Chunyu , Chen Xiaofang , Li Dong , Cai Chun-Quan
Published: March 2022

Background: PIGA (PIG class A) gene codes the PIG-A protein, which is a catalytic subunit of GPI-GlcNAc transferase. GPI-anchored proteins play important roles in the metabolism of mammals. Somatic variants of PIGA genes of bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells often result in Paroxysmal Nocturnal Haemoglobinuria, and the germline PIGA variant causes multiple congenital anomalies hypotonia seizures syndrome 2 (MCAHS2) because of glycosylphosphatidylinositol metabolic abnormalities.Methods: Whole exome sequencing was performed on peripheral blood samples of the proband with MCAHS2. A novel germline PIGA variant were found, and Sanger sequencing was performed as verification for the variants. Then we used the keywords to retrieve relevant reports and provided a literature review.Results: A novel hemizygous germline PIGA variant (NM_002641.3:c.971G>A) at exon4 was identified through the outcomes of whole exome sequencing. And it is highly probable pathogenic variant. Sanger sequencing yielded consistent results. The missense variant cause change of p.(Cys324Tyr) in the transcription product according to the predicting outcomes.Conclusion: We reported a case of MCAHS2 caused by navel PIGA variant. Following a review of the literature, we suggest that MCAHS2 should be considered as a disorder spectrum consisting of core symptoms, multi-system impairment, and premature death. The core symptoms include of hypotonia, psychomotor delay, epilepsy (intractable epilepsy mostly) and early death. Core symptoms nearly happened to almost all patients. Meanwhile MCAHS2 involves a wide range of organ and system impairments with changeable form.
Establishing the Taxa with Phylogenetic Profile and in-silico Ayurvedic Remedy of Human Oropharynx Microbiome
Authors: Kumari B. Yeswanthi , IA Shylesh Murthy , Bagchi Preenon
Published: March 2022

Fusobacterium, a Gram-negative bacteria, is the cause of oropharyngeal cancer, a type of head and neck cancer. Metagenome sequence of Human Oropharynx Microbiome was taken and metagenomics pipeline of Galaxy we performed know the taxanomy and phylogenetic profile. This was viewed using Krona. Also, using the metagenomics analysis gene family information was identified. Using this gene information, the receptors involved in Oropharynx was identified. Using homology modelling, the 3d structure of the Human Oropharynx was modelled. Further, ADME studies and computer-aided drug design using the phytocompounds from the ayurvedic medicinal herbs performed to identify the best ligand for oropharyngeal cancer receptor.
A Life-cycle Digital-twin Collaboration Framework Based-on Industrial Internet
Authors: Fan Yepeng , Dai Chaoren , Huang Si , Hu Pengcheng , Wang Xiaoyu , Yan Man
Published: March 2022

While the new generation of smart manufacturing technology is enabling manufacturing upgrades, it is also making manufacturing systems increasingly complex. The integration of information and ontology across the full life cycle of a product involves multi-scientific and multi-disciplinary dimensions. It requires deep integration of industry chain alliance enterprises in the process of domain ontology sharing and digital asset collaboration to achieve efficient "new demand → existing ontology → innovation → new product → new ontology" agile manufacturing paradigm transfer. This paper presents a digital-twin and ontology collaboration framework based on the Industrial Internet Identification and Resolution System (I3R System). Taking flexible manufacturing systems (FMS) as an example, the four core key technologies required in this framework are described in detail: (1) A generic digital-twin modeling approach for the full life cycle of FMS; (2) Ontology for the full life cycle of FMS; (3) Real-time data collection technology for Human-cyber-physical system (HCPS) in smart manufacturing; (4) Distributed collaboration framework based on I3R. In order to illustrate in detail how the proposed methods and techniques can be applied in reality, we show different application scenarios based on the proposed methods and techniques in the various stages of the full FMS life cycle. At the same time, the implementation method of the I3R System-based digital-twin collaborative prototyping platform for industry chain alliance enterprises is discussed, as well as the idea of its derived top-level application.
Bioprospecting for Indigenous Ruderal Plants with Potentials for Phytoremediation of Soil Heavy Metals in the Southern Guinea Savanna of North Western Nigeria
Authors: Bako Sunday , EZEALOR AUGUSTINE , Tanimu Yahuza
Published: March 2022

In a study to evaluate the response of indigenous ruderal plants to the metal deposition regime imposed by anthropogenic modification in the Southern Guinea Savanna of north Western Nigeria during the dry and wet seasons, herbaceous plants and samples of soils were collected in three 5m by 5m quadrats laid around the environs of the Kaduna Refinery and Petrochemical Company and the banks of River Kaduna. Heavy metal concentration (Cd, Ni, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn) in soil and plant samples was determined using Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence. Concentrations of heavy metals in soils were generally observed to be higher during the wet season in both locations although the differences were not statistically significant (P > 0.05). Concentrations of Cd, Zn, Cr, Cu and Ni in all the plants observed were found to be below levels described as phytotoxic to plants. However, above ‘normal’ concentrations of Cr was observed in most of the plant species sampled. The concentrations of Cr, Cu, Ni and Zn in soils around the KRPC and RKB were found to be above the acceptable limits. Although no hyper accumulator plant species was encountered in this study, twenty (20) plant species were identified to have high bioconcentration (BCF > 1.0) of Cd and Cu, which indicated tolerance of these plants to excessive or phytotoxic concentrations of these metals. In addition, they generally produce high above ground biomass, due to rapid vegetative growth. These are likely species for phytoextraction. Elevated concentration of metals in both soil and plant materials may cause a decrease in biodiversity due to direct toxicity. There are also risks to humans and other animals due to bioaccumulation across the food chain. There are further possibilities of further evaluating and genetically improving metal tolerance traits in some of these plant species in relation to their potential use in phytoremediation programmes in metal polluted sites.
Regeneration of injured endometrium using acellularized amniotic membrane loaded with adipose- derived mesenchymal stem cells in a rat model
Authors: Li Chunbo , Guo Luopei , Hua Keqin
Published: March 2022

Background
Intrauterine adhesion (IUA) is characterized by the formation of fibrosis, which prevents the regeneration of functional endometrial tissue. Tissue engineering that uses suitable biochemical and stem cells to assemble functional constructs that restore or improve damaged tissues, has been very promising in the treatment of IUA.
Aim
The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of acellularized amniotic membrane (AAM) loaded with adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) on reducing IUA, promoting the regeneration of injured endometrium as well.
Methods
A total of 96 female Spargue-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into four groups: sham operation group, IUA model group, experimental group treated with AAM, and experimental group treated with AAM loaded with ADSCs (ADSCs/AAM). At 3, 7, and 14 days after surgery, histological and immunohistochemical analysis were performed to evaluate the fibrosis rate of intrauterine cavity and the regeneration of injured endometrium. RNA sequancing and real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to detect the difference of biological functions and the expression of inflammatory cytokines, such as bFGF, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α among various groups, respectively.
Results
Our findings indicated that ADSCs/AAM was associated with thicker endometria, increased gland numbers and lower fibrotic rate when compared with those in AAM group, and was similar with those in sham group. In addition, the transplantation of ADSCs significantly decreased the inflammatory response and mRNA levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-1β), and increased anti-inflammatory cytokines (bFGF, and IL-6), compared with those in AAM group.
Conclusion
Our results demonstrated that AAM loaded with ADSCs transplantation could promote injured endometrium regeneration and reduce the formation of fibrosis.
Imaging-detected Bone Stress Injuries at the Tokyo 2020 Summer Olympics: Epidemiology, Injury Onset, and Competition Withdrawal Rate
Authors: Adachi Takuya , Katagiri Hiroki , An Jae-Sung , Engebretsen Lars , Tateishi Ukihide , Saida Yukihisa , Koga Hideyuki , Yagishita Kazuyoshi , Onishi Kentaro , Forster Bruce B.
Published: March 2022

Background
Prevention and early detection of injuries are essential in optimising sport participation and performance. The aim of this study is to investigate the epidemiology, history, and competition withdrawal rate of imaging-detected bone stress injuries during the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games.
Methods
We collected and analysed imaging and patient information data in athletes with bone stress injuries diagnosed in the Olympic Village polyclinic during the Games. Two physicians independently and retrospectively reviewed all imaging examinations.
Results
A total of 10,305 individual athletes from 206 National Olympic Committees competed at the Games, during which 567 MRIs and 352 X-rays were performed at the Olympic Village polyclinic. Radiology examinations revealed four stress fractures and 31 stress reactions in 29 athletes (median age 24 years, range 18–35 years). Of these, 72% of patients (n = 21) had symptoms before entering the Olympic Village. Bone stress injuries were more common in women (55%), the lower extremities (66%), and track and field athletes (45%). Six patients (21%) did not start or did not finish their competitions.
Conclusions
This study revealed 35 imaging-detected bone stress injuries in the polyclinic of the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Village. The high proportion of patients with symptoms before entering the village and the high proportion of competition withdrawals suggests the usefulness of an early MRI examination.
The effect of maternal exposure to air pollutants on small for gestational age among infants in Xuzhou, China from 2018 to 2020: a cross sectional study
Authors: Zhao Gaichan , Zhang Faxue , Zhang Xupeng , Zhu Shijie , Zhang Xiaowei , Zhu Wei , Li Dejia
Published: March 2022

Background: Small for gestational age (SGA) defined as below 10th percent of birth weight of sex-specific gestational age, will bring large burden to the child. Large epidemiological studies have shown that exposure to air pollutants during pregnancy is associated with SGA, but the conclusions are inconsistent.Objective: To further investigate the relationship between prenatal exposure to air pollutants and SGA in Xuzhou, China.Methods: Our study included 2,039 pairs of mothers and their fetuses from January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2020 at the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University. A total of six air pollutants were acquired from the Xuzhou Department of Environmental Protection including particulate matter, nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and sulfur dioxide (SO2), ozone (O3), carbon monoxide (CO). Adjusted for the confounders referring gestation, parity, gestational diabetes mellitus and Meteorological factors. We performed binomial logistic regression to test the odds ratio between air pollutants and the risk of SGA. Results: We found strong positive association of exposure to SO2 with SGA over the entire pregnancy and during the 1th, 2nd trimester (OR, 95% confidence interval: 1.204(1.091-1.328), 1.165(1.073-1.266), 1.110(1.033-1.193)). The other pollutants exception of O3 and NO2 were also found moderate relation with SGA over the entire pregnancy.Conclusions: The SGA incidence in Xuzhou was still high and even exposure to low levels of SO2 will pose a significant risk to infants. The government should focus on relevant policies to further improve air quality to reduce the burden of medical and health work and promote maternal health.
Protective behavioural strategies of Belgian young adults who use psychoactive medicines nonmedically: insights for harm reduction
Authors: Bawin Frédérique , Pardal Mafalda , Tieberghien Julie
Published: March 2022

The increase in the non-medical use of prescription drugs (NMUPD) has become a global health concern. Evidence shows that people who use psychoactive substances employ different strategies to minimise the harmful consequences of their use. However, most of the research investigating these protective behaviours focusses on the use of illicit drugs or alcohol. The goal of this paper is to improve the understanding of young adults’ nonmedical use practices of prescription drugs, perceptions about risks associated with use, and protective behavioural strategies (PBS), including the type of information they consult and rely on regarding prescription drugs. In order to gather in-depth insights into these issues, we conducted semi-structured interviews among young adults who have used prescription drugs nonmedically in Belgium. The PBS employed by the young adults encompass a spectrum of strategies that aim to minimise the negative consequences associated with NMUPD. They were mainly used to avoid acute side effects and long-term negative consequences. Reflecting on young adults’ own PBS and perceptions may be informative for developing harm reduction initiatives in the context of NMUPD.
Survey of knowledge and attitude regarding induced abortion among nurses in a tertiary hospital in Thailand after amendment of the abortion act: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Santibenchakul Somsook , Sinthuchai Natchanika , Rothmanee Penkae , Meevasana Vorachart , Rongkapich Ratthapong , Poolkumlung Rada , Saro Saowanee , Jaisamrarn Unnop
Published: March 2022

Background: The abortion act in Thailand is approximately 60 years old. However, because of increasing problems due to unsafe abortions, the act was recently amended to accord a legal status for abortions. In the southernmost provinces of Thailand, most people follow the Islamic faith, according to which induced abortion is a sin for both the providers and the pregnant women. This may affect the attitude of medical staff, such as registered nurses, who play an important role in abortion services. Our study aims to evaluate the knowledge of the amended abortion act, attitude toward abortions and the intentions behind them, and willingness to perform abortions among registered nurses.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2022 to February 2022, wherein a self-administrated questionnaire was electronically distributed to 450 registered nurses practicing at a tertiary hospital in the southernmost province of Thailand. Linear regression analysis and Fisher’s exact test were conducted to evaluate the association between basic characteristics, knowledge score, and attitude toward induced abortion. Results: A total of 375 nurses (83.3%) completed the survey. Most participants were Muslim (58.9%), and 18.7% of them correctly answered >80% of the knowledge questions. Among all the participants, 41.4% had a favorable attitude toward induced abortion, of which 21.3% were willing to provide safe abortion services. Knowledge scores were independently associated with practicing in obstetrics-gynecology departments and lower age. Participants practicing Buddhism and having good knowledge scores tended to have favorable attitudes toward abortion.Conclusions: Nurses in the southernmost province of Thailand lack knowledge regarding the amended abortion act and do not have a favorable moral attitude toward abortion. Favorable attitudes toward abortions, support toward intentions behind abortions, and willingness to provide abortion services were all lesser among the Muslim participants than the Buddhist participants. Compared with participants who scored less, those with higher knowledge scores had a better moral attitude toward abortion, who in turn demonstrated a greater intention to provide abortion services. Encouraging nurses to gain better knowledge may improve their attitude toward abortion, which may positively influence future medical practices.
Rare ectopic thyroid as bilateral multiple pulmonary nodules: a case report and literature review
Authors: Tan Jianfeng , Kuang Jun , Li Yong , Wang Ruian , Hu Shan , Guo Quanwei , Zhang Jianhua
Published: March 2022

Background: The prevalence of ectopic thyroid tissue is 1 in every 100,000 to 300,000 persons in the general population, and ectopic thyroid in the bilateral lung lobes is even rarer. Due to its rarity, there is no definitive or standard guidance on the diagnosis and treatment of ectopic thyroid tissue presenting as bilateral multiple pulmonary nodules.Case presentation: A 56-year-old woman presented with multiple pulmonary nodules in her lung lobes bilaterally, and the patient had a history of hyperthyroidism but had no symptoms of ectopic thyroid tissue. Computed tomography (CT) demonstrated multiple solid nodules in both lungs, and the largest nodule (sized 15 x 14 mm) was located in segment 5 of the upper-left lung. The initial diagnosis based on imaging was metastatic malignancies. Positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) showed multiple intrapulmonary nodules in the lung lobes bilaterally that had slightly increased metabolism (SUVmax 1.7). The largest pulmonary nodule and another nodule in the left lung were resected by video-assisted thoracoscopy surgery (VATS). The pathological and immunohistochemical (IHC) examinations confirmed a diagnosis of ectopic thyroid tissue. No postoperative adjuvant therapy was given, and the patient was discharged 3 days after the operation and had regular follow-up examinations.Conclusion: The diagnosis of ectopic thyroid tissue in the lung lobes bilaterally is excessively difficult and should be considered carefully. PET-CT and surgical resection of the intrapulmonary nodule are new options for clinicians to diagnose ectopic thyroid tissue. Regular follow-up is needed postoperatively.
Potential influence of anaesthesia techniques on the recurrence and progression after resection of nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer: a propensity score-matched analysis
Authors: Xue Ruifeng , Zhao Chongxi , Chen Dongtai , Wang Peizong , Xing Wei , Zeng Weian , Li Qiang
Published: March 2022

Background: Nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer is a common malignancy of the urinary system. Many patients relapse after transurethral resection surgery. Different anaesthesia techniques may influence a patient’s immune system during the perioperative time. Here, we studied the effects of different anaesthesia techniques on the prognosis of primary nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer after transurethral resection surgery. Methods: From 2008 to 2017, a total of 926 patients suffered primary nonmuscle invasive bladder and accepted transurethral resection of bladder tumour surgery for the first time. They were divided into two groups based on the techniques that were used. The general anaesthesia group contained 662 patients, who received propofol, opioid drugs (fentanyl family), non-depolarizing muscle relaxants, and sevoflurane, and the epidural anaesthesia group contained 264 patients, who had an epidural catheter placed in the L2-L3 or L3-L4 interspace with a combination of lidocaine and ropivacaine or bupivacaine. We studied the influence factors that could affect prognosis and compared the recurrence-free survival time and the progression of the two groups.Results: The differences between the two groups in recurrence rate and progression rate were not statistically significant. Progression-free survival time of epidural anaesthesia group was longer. Multivariate regression analysis showed that anaesthesia techniques were not independent influencing factors for recurrence and progression. Conclusions: In this study, it was not found that anaesthesia techniques could influence the recurrence or progression of patients with primary nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer after transurethral resection of bladder tumour.
Virgin Coconut Oil Attenuates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Depression-like Behaviors: Integrating Network Pharmacology Analysis and Molecular Mechanism Evaluation
Authors: wang xiwu , Wu Qian , Miao Xuemeng , Lv Zhaoting , Miao Shuangda , Lu Yi , Fan Yiren , Li Xiuchun , Fang Yuanyuan , pan xuyi , chen Zirun , Wang Hui , Wang Ying , Li Jia , huang zhihui
Published: March 2022

The depression is a mental disease that seriously affects the quality of life. It has complex pathophysiological characteristics, including neuroinflammation and apoptosis. Virgin coconut oil (VCO) is a natural food that has been found to have remarkable anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic properties. To further test the effects and mechanisms of VCO on depression based on the network pharmacological analysis and depression-like rat model, we found that VCO-treatment alleviated the depression-like behaviors, inhibited the activation of microglia and astrocytes, and reduced the loss of neurons in hippocampus, which may be due to decrease the apoptosis of neurons. Mechanically, network pharmacological analysis and western blotting showed that VCO might exert neuroprotective effects by activating Protein Kinase B (AKT)-related pathway. Taken together, our results identify unrecognized functions of VCO in depression, and further explore the underlying mechanism of depression.
Extraction, characterization, and fabrication of cellulose biopolymer sheets from Pistia stratiotes as a biodegradative coating material: An unique strategy for the conversion of invasive weeds into value-added products
Authors: Umesh Mridul , Santhosh Adhithya Sankar , Thazeem Basheer , Shanmugam Sabarathinam , Pugazhendhi Arivalagan
Published: March 2022

Water lettuce (Pistia stratiotes) was used in the study to extract cellulose biopolymer. Cellulose extraction was carried out by alkali treatment followed by bleaching. Different methods for extraction of cellulose were carried out and the method which gave high yield was selected. Functional properties like bulk density, packed density, hydrated density, water retention capacity, oil retention capacity, emulsifying activity and setting volume of the extracted cellulose were studied. Quantitative analysis of cellulose was carried out by the anthrone method and the cellulose content was found to be 38.94 ± 0.10%. Preliminary confirmation of cellulose biopolymer was done using the study of functional groups using FT-IR analysis. Further characterization studies like SEM, XRD, DSC and TGA were done to understand the molecular architecture and purity of cellulose extracted. Fabrication of cellulose sheets were carried out using starch as plasticizer. Biodegradation studies were carried out in garden soil for four weeks and a high degradation rate of 78.22 ± 0.71% was observed in the fourth week of soil burial.