bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
GESTÃO DE REQUISITOS PARA UM PORTAL DE INOVAÇÃO ABERTA
Authors: Subtil de Oliveira Lindomar , O. Scherer Jonatas , Nascimento Manoel , Soares Echeveste Márcia Elisa , F. Magnago Patrícia
Published: April 2016

Resumo          Os portais de inovação (PI) são ferramentas tecnológicas cruciais para o fluxo de informações, desenvolvimento e competitividade empresarial. No âmbito dos Sistemas Regionais de Inovação (SRI), a utilização de um PI pode contribuir para a implementação da estratégia de inovação aberta, promovendo e favorecendo a aproximação dos stakeholders e possibilitando a disseminação de conhecimento e elaboração de projetos colaborativos entre empresas e instituições de pesquisa. Este artigo apresenta uma proposta para o desenvolvimento de um PI com base nas etapas iniciais da gestão de requisitos, considerando os diferentes grupos de instituições e parceiros presentes no SRI. Para a estruturação do portal, os requisitos foram identificados através do arcabouço teórico da pesquisa e nas entrevistas realizadas com especialistas, sendo posteriormente priorizados e selecionados com apoio do método Quality Function Deployment (QFD), e segmentados com a Cluster Analysis (CA). Os resultados apontaram dois perfis de stakeholders, um que valoriza mais requisitos de incentivo à participação e capacitação, e outro mais direcionado para as questões de acessibilidade. Esta percepção, associada à flexibilidade dos portais, possibilita o desenvolvimento de um portal customizado e que vise atender aos requisitos priorizados neste estudo.
Gestão para a sustentabilidade e desempenho empresarial: uma análise a partir da inserção internacional em empresas do setor mineral
Authors: Maffini Gomes Clandia , Kneipp Jordana Marques , Barbieri da Rosa Luciana Aparecida , Schoproni Bichueti Roberto , Perlin Ana Paula
Published: April 2016

O estudo teve como objetivo analisar a adoção de práticas de gestão para a sustentabilidade e o desempenho empresarial, de acordo com a inserção internacional em empresas do setor mineral. A pesquisa de natureza descritiva e quantitativa foi conduzida por meio de um survey em empresas associadas ao Instituto Brasileiro de Mineração. Os resultados evidenciaram que, de modo geral, o comportamento das empresas se diferencia no que se refere à adoção de práticas de gestão para a sustentabilidade e no seu desempenho empresarial de acordo com a sua inserção internacional, corroborando a hipótese central do estudo.  Management for sustainability and corporate performance: an analysis from the international insertion companies in of the mineral sector
Prinsip Pendidikan Karakter dalam Islam: Studi Komparasi Pemikiran Al-Ghazali dan Burhanuddin Al-Zarnuji
Authors: Setiawan Agus
Published: April 2016

The implementation of character education that is done by the Indonesian government recently has been provoked by al-Ghazali and Burhanuddin al-Zarnuji long ago. It was proven by some written thoughts of al-Ghazali and Burhanuddin al-Zarnuji. They were very famous scientists in their era and widely welknown as educational experts who produced some phenomenal thoughts many people use today. Al-Ghazali and Burhanuddin al-Zarnuji lived in the era of Bani Abbasiyah monarchy, but Both of them lived in different era. Al-Ghazali was born first, then Burhanuddin al-Zarnuji. They had different mazhab, al-Ghazali went to the traditional principle of mazhab Syafi’I and Burhanuddin al-Zarnuji went to the modern principle of mazhab Hanafi. The differences, of course, would create a different thought. Still, they might have a similar principle of Islamic character education. The thoughts of character education of al-Ghazali have been poured in the “Ayyuha Walad” focusing to the students’ character building characterized by religiously obedient, skillfull of general and religious knowledge, socially helpful, affectionate, generous, good citizen, and coloring the society. Some applicable thoughts of character education of Ayyuha al-Walad of al-Gazhali to the contemporary education are: the balance of the happiness purposes of the recent life and the life after death, qana’ah and tawakal, affectionate, caring other, patience, honesty, philanthrophy, social works, generousity, democratic, peace makers, and patriotic. Those characters are also directed in the islamic character education nowdays. So that, the thoughts of al-Ghazali positively and responsively are absorbed by the Indonesian government to build the national character widely implementing in the national curriculum based on the local wisdom and the Islamic values. In the end, the students are able to live happily based on the Islamic rules by implementing the good behavior. Similar to the al-Ghazali’s thought, Burhanuddin al-Zarnuji, in “Ta’lim al-Muta’alim”, wrote some important principles of character building consists of the phisycal and inner values in education.
Polarized Discourse in the Egyptian News: Critical Discourse Analysis Perspective
Authors: Issa Mohammed Mahmoud
Published: April 2016

The aim of this study is to investigate ideological structures of polarized discourse coded in the reports of two online news websites: egyptindependent and ikwanweb . The study focuses on online news reports relating to three interrelated events: the issuing of a constitutional declaration by Egyptian president, the aftermath clashes outside presidential palace and the issuing of the Egyptian draft constitution. The analysis of these reports is conducted within the framework of Critical Discourse Analysis. The features of the ideologies of polarized discourse are traced through: Quotation patterns and Labeling. The study concludes with a discussion of how both websites establish a dichotomy of we versus them. In addition, the reports of each website marginalize the other through what is termed as ' Absent News'.
Solubility of Mixtures Containing Soybean Oil, Ionic Liquid and Methanol
Authors: Manic Marina S. , Najdanovic-Visak Vesna
Published: April 2016

This paper presents data on mutual solubility of the binary (soybean oil + ionic liquid) and ternary (soybean oil + methanol + ionic liquid) systems, where ionic liquid stands for 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium thiocyanate [C4MIM][SCN] or 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide [C4MIM][NTf2] or 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium dicyanamide [C4MIM][DCA] or 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate [C4MIM][PF6] or 1-butyl-3-methyl imida zolium hydrogensulfate [C4MIM] [HSO4] or 1-decyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide [C10MIM][NTf2] or methyltrioctylammonium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide [ALIQUAT][NTf2] or methyltrioctylammonium chloride [ALIQUAT][Cl]. Solubilities were determined by the cloud point titration method in the temperature range of 298 K to 343 K. Obtained results suggest that imidazolium based ionic liquids exhibit lower solubility in soybean oil than ionic liquids with the aliquat cation. Thus, aliquat based ionic liquids are good candidate to be used as co-solvents for biphasic (methanol + soybean oil) mixture.
Evolution of HIV and AIDS Programmes in an African Institution of Higher Learning: The Case of the Copperbelt University in Zambia
Authors: Sanjobo Nawa , Lukwesa Matilda , Kaziya Charity , Tepa Cornwell , Puta Bernard
Published: April 2016

Background:

Universities present the foundation for socio-economic and political development. Without structures and processes to fight HIV, there is no prospect of enhancing treatment, prevention, care and support services. Copperbelt University HIV and AIDS response was initiated in 2003 with the aim of building capacity of students and employees in HIV and AIDS.

Objectives:

The main objective of this paper is to demonstrate how the CBU HIV response has evolved over time and provide a timeline of important milestones in the development process.

Method:

Peer educators and counsellors conduct sensitization campaigns through one on one discussion, workshops, and drama performances, distribution of Information, Education and Communication (IEC) materials.

Results:

HIV Programme has been set up with players from policy, programme and community levels. Strategic processes, collaborations, funding, medical insurance schemes, prevention, treatment, care and support services, training of peer educators and counsellors have been established.

Conclusion:

Copperbelt University HIV initiative has demonstrated potential to reduce new infections in the university, and is currently expanding her programme to encompass wellness and also spearhead the integration of HIV in the university curriculum.
New Locus for Skin Intrinsic Fluorescence in Type 1 Diabetes Also Associated With Blood and Skin Glycated Proteins
Authors: Roshandel Delnaz , Klein Ronald , Klein Barbara E.K. , Wolffenbuttel Bruce H.R. , van der Klauw Melanie M. , van Vliet-Ostaptchouk Jana V. , Atzmon Gil , Ben-Avraham Danny , Crandall Jill P. , Barzilai Nir , Bull Shelley B. , Canty Angelo J. , Hosseini S. Mohsen , Hiraki Linda T. , Maynard John , Sell David R. , Monnier Vincent M. , Cleary Patricia A. , Braffett Barbara H. ,   the DCCT/EDIC Research Group, Paterson Andrew D.
Published: April 2016

Skin fluorescence (SF) noninvasively measures advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in the skin and is a risk indicator for diabetes complications. N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2) is the only known locus influencing SF. We aimed to identify additional genetic loci influencing SF in type 1 diabetes (T1D) through a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies (N = 1,359) including Diabetes Control and Complications Trial/Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications (DCCT/EDIC) and Wisconsin Epidemiologic Study of Diabetic Retinopathy (WESDR). A locus on chromosome 1, rs7533564 (P = 1.9 × 10−9), was associated with skin intrinsic fluorescence measured by SCOUT DS (excitation 375 nm, emission 435–655 nm), which remained significant after adjustment for time-weighted HbA1c (P = 1.7 × 10−8). rs7533564 was associated with mean HbA1c in meta-analysis (P = 0.0225), mean glycated albumin (P = 0.0029), and glyoxal hydroimidazolones (P = 0.049), an AGE measured in skin biopsy collagen, in DCCT. rs7533564 was not associated with diabetes complications in DCCT/EDIC or with SF in subjects without diabetes (nondiabetic [ND]) (N = 8,721). In conclusion, we identified a new locus associated with SF in T1D subjects that did not show similar effect in ND subjects, suggesting a diabetes-specific effect. This association needs to be investigated in type 2 diabetes.
Culture Unbound Vol. 8 Editorial
Authors: Hemmungs Wirtén Eva , Meese James , Dahlin Johanna
Published: April 2016

No abstract available.
Assessing Nitrogen Use Efficiency and Nitrogen Loss in a Forage-Based System Using a Modeling Approach
Authors: Piccini Chiara , Di Bene Claudia , Farina Roberta , Pennelli Bruno , Napoli Rosario
Published: April 2016

In intensive agriculture, N supply often exceeds crop requirements, even in nitrate vulnerable zones (NVZ). In farmland, the N surplus gives rise to NO3− leaching and consequent groundwater pollution. The present study aimed at proposing measures to reduce N leaching and hence improve N efficiency in a buffalo livestock farm located in the NVZ of Latina plain (Central Italy). The farm was cultivated with forage crops in a double annual crop rotation: Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) in winter and silage corn (Zea mays L.) in summer. Mineral and organic fertilizers were supplied to both crops. The annual N budget and soil solution NO3-N concentrations were evaluated using a modeling approach. The performance of the WinEPIC model in simulating the response of the NO3-N concentration in percolation to the N application rate was assessed and validated by field measurements of the NO3-N concentration in the soil solution. Three scenarios were proposed to identify the best practice to minimize the environmental impact of N application without significant yield loss. Also, recommendations of best practices in N fertilization and animal manure spreading were given. This study thus provides useful preliminary information for decision-making in agriculture/environmental policies.
An Efficient Decoder for the Recognition of Event-Related Potentials in High-Density MEG Recordings
Authors: Reichert Christoph , Dürschmid Stefan , Kruse Rudolf , Hinrichs Hermann
Published: April 2016

Brain–computer interfacing (BCI) is a promising technique for regaining communication and control in severely paralyzed people. Many BCI implementations are based on the recognition of task-specific event-related potentials (ERP) such as P300 responses. However, because of the high signal-to-noise ratio in noninvasive brain recordings, reliable detection of single trial ERPs is challenging. Furthermore, the relevant signal is often heterogeneously distributed over several channels. In this paper, we introduce a new approach for recognizing a sequence of attended events from multi-channel brain recordings. The framework utilizes spatial filtering to reduce both noise and signal space considerably. We introduce different models that can be used to construct the spatial filter and evaluate the approach using magnetoencephalography (MEG) data involving P300 responses, recorded during a BCI experiment. Compared to the accuracy achieved in the BCI experiment performed without spatial filtering, the recognition rate increased significantly to up to 95.3% on average (SD: 5.3%). In combination with the data-driven spatial filter construction we introduce here, our framework represents a powerful method to reliably recognize a sequence of brain potentials from high-density electrophysiological data, which could greatly improve the control of BCIs.
Anti-Icing Superhydrophobic Surfaces: Controlling Entropic Molecular Interactions to Design Novel Icephobic Concrete
Authors: Ramachandran Rahul , Kozhukhova Marina , Sobolev Konstantin , Nosonovsky Michael
Published: April 2016

Tribology involves the study of friction, wear, lubrication, and adhesion, including biomimetic superhydrophobic and icephobic surfaces. The three aspects of icephobicity are the low ice adhesion, repulsion of incoming water droplets prior to freezing, and delayed frost formation. Although superhydrophobic surfaces are not always icephobic, the theoretical mechanisms behind icephobicity are similar to the entropically driven hydrophobic interactions. The growth of ice crystals in saturated vapor is partially governed by entropically driven diffusion of water molecules to definite locations similarly to hydrophobic interactions. The ice crystal formation can be compared to protein folding controlled by hydrophobic forces. Surface topography and surface energy can affect both the icephobicity and hydrophobicity. By controlling these properties, micro/nanostructured icephobic concrete was developed. The concrete showed ice adhesion strength one order of magnitude lower than regular concrete and could repel incoming water droplets at −5 °C. The icephobic performance of the concrete can be optimized by controlling the sand and polyvinyl alcohol fiber content.
Which Environmental Factors Have the Highest Impact on the Performance of People Experiencing Difficulties in Capacity?
Authors: Loidl Verena , Oberhauser Cornelia , Ballert Carolina , Coenen Michaela , Cieza Alarcos , Sabariego Carla
Published: April 2016

Disability is understood by the World Health Organization (WHO) as the outcome of the interaction between a health condition and personal and environmental factors. Comprehensive data about environmental factors is therefore essential to understand and influence disability. We aimed to identify which environmental factors have the highest impact on the performance of people with mild, moderate and severe difficulties in capacity, who are at risk of experiencing disability to different extents, using data from a pilot study of the WHO Model Disability Survey in Cambodia and random forest regression. Hindering or facilitating aspects of places to socialize in community activities, transportation and natural environment as well as use and need of personal assistance and use of medication on a regular basis were the most important environmental factors across groups. Hindering or facilitating aspects of the general environment were the most relevant in persons experiencing mild levels of difficulties in capacity, while social support, attitudes of others and use of medication on a regular basis were highly relevant for the performance of persons experiencing moderate to higher levels of difficulties in capacity. Additionally, we corroborate the high importance of the use and need of assistive devices for people with severe difficulties in capacity.
Multi-Stakeholder Decision Aid for Improved Prioritization of the Public Health Impact of Climate Sensitive Infectious Diseases
Authors: Hongoh Valerie , Michel Pascal , Gosselin Pierre , Samoura Karim , Ravel André , Campagna Céline , Cissé Hassane , Waaub Jean-Philippe
Published: April 2016

The effects of climate change on infectious diseases are an important global health concern and necessitate decisions for allocation of resources. Economic tools have been used previously; however, how prioritization results might differ when done using broader considerations identified by local stakeholders has yet to be assessed. A multicriteria decision analysis (MCDA) approach was used to assess multi-stakeholder expressed concerns around disease prioritization via focus groups held in Quebec and Burkina Faso. Stakeholders weighted criteria and comparisons were made across study sites. A pilot disease prioritization was done to examine effects on disease rankings. A majority of identified criteria were common to both sites. The effect of context specific criteria and weights resulted in similar yet distinct prioritizations of diseases. The presence of consistent criteria between sites suggests that common concerns exist for prioritization; however, context-specific adjustments reveal much regarding resource availability, capacity and concerns that should be considered as this impacts disease ranking. Participatory decision aid approaches facilitate rich knowledge exchange and problem structuring. Furthermore, given multiple actors in low- and middle-income countries settings, multi-actor collaborations across non-governmental organizations, local government and community are important. Formal mechanisms such as MCDA provide means to foster consensus, shared awareness and collaboration.
The Effect of Mechanical Loading on Articular Cartilage
Authors: Musumeci Giuseppe
Published: April 2016

The effect of mechanical loading on articular cartilage is the topic chosen for the second editorial of this newly launched journal. The aim of this interesting editorial is to illustrate the cell signaling correlated to the mechanical loading, some aspects of the mechanobiology and the positive and negative effects of the mechanical loading on articular cartilage. The benefits of the mechanical loading on articular cartilage have been shown to have a short- and long-term effectiveness. In this article, the role of mechanical signaling in the maintenance of articular cartilage and how the alterations in normal signaling can lead to joint pathology have been discussed.
Recurrence Relations for Orthogonal Polynomials on Triangular Domains
Authors: Rababah Abedallah
Published: April 2016

In Farouki et al, 2003, Legendre-weighted orthogonal polynomials P n , r ( u , v , w ) , r = 0 , 1 , … , n , n ≥ 0 on the triangular domain T = { ( u , v , w ) : u , v , w ≥ 0 , u + v + w = 1 } are constructed, where u , v , w are the barycentric coordinates. Unfortunately, evaluating the explicit formulas requires many operations and is not very practical from an algorithmic point of view. Hence, there is a need for a more efficient alternative. A very convenient method for computing orthogonal polynomials is based on recurrence relations. Such recurrence relations are described in this paper for the triangular orthogonal polynomials, providing a simple and fast algorithm for their evaluation.
Jellyfish Bioactive Compounds: Methods for Wet-Lab Work
Authors: Frazão Bárbara , Antunes Agostinho
Published: April 2016

The study of bioactive compounds from marine animals has provided, over time, an endless source of interesting molecules. Jellyfish are commonly targets of study due to their toxic proteins. However, there is a gap in reviewing successful wet-lab methods employed in these animals, which compromises the fast progress in the detection of related biomolecules. Here, we provide a compilation of the most effective wet-lab methodologies for jellyfish venom extraction prior to proteomic analysis—separation, identification and toxicity assays. This includes SDS-PAGE, 2DE, gel chromatography, HPLC, DEAE, LC-MS, MALDI, Western blot, hemolytic assay, antimicrobial assay and protease activity assay. For a more comprehensive approach, jellyfish toxicity studies should further consider transcriptome sequencing. We reviewed such methodologies and other genomic techniques used prior to the deep sequencing of transcripts, including RNA extraction, construction of cDNA libraries and RACE. Overall, we provide an overview of the most promising methods and their successful implementation for optimizing time and effort when studying jellyfish.
Iron(III) Fluorinated Porphyrins: Greener Chemistry from Synthesis to Oxidative Catalysis Reactions
Authors: Rebelo Susana , Silva André , Medforth Craig , Freire Cristina
Published: April 2016

Iron(III) fluorinated porphyrins play a central role in the biomimetics of heme enzymes and enable cleaner routes to the oxidation of organic compounds. The present work reports significant improvements in the eco-compatibility of the synthesis of 5,10,15,20-tetrakis-pentafluorophenylporphyrin (H2TPFPP) and the corresponding iron complex [Fe(TPFPP)Cl], and the use of [Fe(TPFPP)Cl] as an oxidation catalyst in green conditions. The preparations of H2TPFPP and [Fe(TPFPP)Cl] typically use toxic solvents and can be made significantly greener and simpler using microwave heating and optimization of the reaction conditions. In the optimized procedure it was possible to eliminate nitrobenzene from the porphyrin synthesis and replace DMF by acetonitrile in the metalation reaction, concomitant with a significant reduction of reaction time and simplification of the purification procedure. The Fe(III)porphyrin is then tested as catalyst in the selective oxidation of aromatics at room temperature using a green oxidant (hydrogen peroxide) and green solvent (ethanol). Efficient epoxidation of indene and selective oxidation of 3,5-dimethylphenol and naphthalene to the corresponding quinones is observed.
PTR-MS Characterization of VOCs Associated with Commercial Aromatic Bakery Yeasts of Wine and Beer Origin
Authors: Capozzi Vittorio , Makhoul Salim , Aprea Eugenio , Romano Andrea , Cappellin Luca , Sanchez Jimena Ana , Spano Giuseppe , Gasperi Flavia , Scampicchio Matteo , Biasioli Franco
Published: April 2016

In light of the increasing attention towards “green” solutions to improve food quality, the use of aromatic-enhancing microorganisms offers the advantage to be a natural and sustainable solution that did not negatively influence the list of ingredients. In this study, we characterize, for the first time, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) associated with aromatic bakery yeasts. Three commercial bakery starter cultures, respectively formulated with three Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains, isolated from white wine, red wine, and beer, were monitored by a proton-transfer-reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometer (PTR-ToF-MS), a direct injection analytical technique for detecting volatile organic compounds with high sensitivity (VOCs). Two ethanol-related peaks (m/z 65.059 and 75.080) described qualitative differences in fermentative performances. The release of compounds associated to the peaks at m/z 89.059, m/z 103.075, and m/z 117.093, tentatively identified as acetoin and esters, are coherent with claimed flavor properties of the investigated strains. We propose these mass peaks and their related fragments as biomarkers to optimize the aromatic performances of commercial preparations and for the rapid massive screening of yeast collections.
Supported Catalysts Useful in Ring-Closing Metathesis, Cross Metathesis, and Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization
Authors: Suriboot Jakkrit , Bazzi Hassan , Bergbreiter David
Published: April 2016

Ruthenium and molybdenum catalysts are widely used in synthesis of both small molecules and macromolecules. While major developments have led to new increasingly active catalysts that have high functional group compatibility and stereoselectivity, catalyst/product separation, catalyst recycling, and/or catalyst residue/product separation remain an issue in some applications of these catalysts. This review highlights some of the history of efforts to address these problems, first discussing the problem in the context of reactions like ring-closing metathesis and cross metathesis catalysis used in the synthesis of low molecular weight compounds. It then discusses in more detail progress in dealing with these issues in ring opening metathesis polymerization chemistry. Such approaches depend on a biphasic solid/liquid or liquid separation and can use either always biphasic or sometimes biphasic systems and approaches to this problem using insoluble inorganic supports, insoluble crosslinked polymeric organic supports, soluble polymeric supports, ionic liquids and fluorous phases are discussed.
Coseismic Fault Model of Mw 8.3 2015 Illapel Earthquake (Chile) Retrieved from Multi-Orbit Sentinel1-A DInSAR Measurements
Authors: Solaro Giuseppe , De Novellis Vincenzo , Castaldo Raffaele , De Luca Claudio , Lanari Riccardo , Manunta Michele , Casu Francesco
Published: April 2016

On 16 September 2015, a Mw 8.3 interplate thrust earthquake ruptured offshore the Illapel region (Chile). Here, we perform coseismic slip fault modeling based on multi-orbit Sentinel 1-A (S1A) data. To do this, we generate ascending and descending S1A interferograms, whose combination allows us to retrieve the EW and vertical components of deformation. In particular, the EW displacement map highlights a westward displacement of about 210 cm, while the vertical map shows an uplift of about 25 cm along the coast, surrounded by a subsidence of about 20 cm. Following this analysis, we jointly invert the multi-orbit S1A interferograms by using an analytical approach to search for the coseismic fault parameters and related slip values. Most of the slip occurs northwest of the epicenter, with a maximum located in the shallowest 20 km. Finally, we refine our modeling approach by exploiting the Finite Element method, which allows us to take geological and structural complexities into account to simulate the slip along the slab curvature, the von Mises stress distribution, and the principal stress axes orientation. The von Mises stress distribution shows a close similarity to the depth distribution of the aftershock hypocenters. Likewise, the maximum principal stress orientation highlights a compressive regime in correspondence of the deeper portion of the slab and an extensional regime at its shallower segment; these findings are supported by seismological data.
A Novel Optimal Joint Resource Allocation Method in Cooperative Multicarrier Networks: Theory and Practice
Authors: Gao Yuan , Zhou Weigui , Ao Hong , Chu Jian , Zhou Quan , Zhou Bo , Wang Kang , Li Yi , Xue Peng
Published: April 2016

With the increasing demands for better transmission speed and robust quality of service (QoS), the capacity constrained backhaul gradually becomes a bottleneck in cooperative wireless networks, e.g., in the Internet of Things (IoT) scenario in joint processing mode of LTE-Advanced Pro. This paper focuses on resource allocation within capacity constrained backhaul in uplink cooperative wireless networks, where two base stations (BSs) equipped with single antennae serve multiple single-antennae users via multi-carrier transmission mode. In this work, we propose a novel cooperative transmission scheme based on compress-and-forward with user pairing to solve the joint mixed integer programming problem. To maximize the system capacity under the limited backhaul, we formulate the joint optimization problem of user sorting, subcarrier mapping and backhaul resource sharing among different pairs (subcarriers for users). A novel robust and efficient centralized algorithm based on alternating optimization strategy and perfect mapping is proposed. Simulations show that our novel method can improve the system capacity significantly under the constraint of the backhaul resource compared with the blind alternatives.
In situ Stiffness Adjustment of AFM Probes by Two Orders of Magnitude
Authors: De Laat Marcel , Pérez Garza Héctor , Ghatkesar Murali
Published: April 2016

The choice on which type of cantilever to use for Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) depends on the type of the experiment being done. Typically, the cantilever has to be exchanged when a different stiffness is required and the entire alignment has to be repeated. In the present work, a method to adjust the stiffness in situ of a commercial AFM cantilever is developed. The adjustment is achieved by changing the effective length of the cantilever by electrostatic pull-in. By applying a voltage between the cantilever and an electrode (with an insulating layer at the point of contact), the cantilever snaps to the electrode, reducing the cantilever’s effective length. An analytical model was developed to find the pull-in voltage of the system. Subsequently, a finite element model was developed to study the pull-in behavior. The working principle of this concept is demonstrated with a proof-of-concept experiment. The electrode was positioned close to the cantilever by using a robotic nanomanipulator. To confirm the change in stiffness, the fundamental resonance frequency of the cantilever was measured for varying electrode positions. The results match with the theoretical expectations. The stiffness was adjusted in situ in the range of 0.2 N/m to 27 N/m, covering two orders of magnitude in one single cantilever. This proof-of-concept is the first step towards a micro fabricated prototype, that integrates the electrode positioning system and cantilever that can be used for actual AFM experiments.
Research and Development Strategy in Biological Technologies: A Patent Data Analysis of Japanese Manufacturing Firms
Authors: Fujii Hidemichi , Yoshida Kentaro , Sugimura Ken
Published: April 2016

Biological technology allows us to invent new medical approaches, create effective food production methods and reserves and develop new materials for industrial production. There is a diversity of biological technology types, and different technologies have different priorities for invention. This study examines the factors that are important for the invention of biology-related technologies in Japan using patent application data and a decomposition analysis framework. As the results show, patent applications related to biochemistry and biotechnology increased until 1995 because of the expanded scale of R&D activities and the high priority assigned to biological technology. However, the number of patent applications stagnated after 1995, because the importance of biochemistry, especially waste-gas treatment technologies, decreased. Additionally, patent applications for medicines and disease-related technologies increased rapidly from 1971 to 1995. The primary determinant of rapid growth is an increase in research priority, especially among firms in the chemical industry whose technologies are related to supplemental foods and foods with health-promoting benefits. Finally, patent applications involving foodstuff- and agriculture-related technologies increased from 1971 to 1995 due to increased R&D and the increased priority of biological technology.
Evaluation of Interactive Website Design Indicators for e-Entrepreneurship
Authors: Chung Chih-Chao , Chao Li-Chung , Chen Chin-Hui , Lou Shi-Jer
Published: April 2016

Using an analytic network process (ANP) as an analytical tool, this study aims to construct an ANP evaluation model of interactive website design indicators. Through a review of the literature, interactive website design of e-entrepreneurship is generalized to the following dimensions: (1) Design; (2) Checking; (3) Service; (4) Interactive; and (5) Promotion, including 19 design indicators. The research is conducted for a case company. According to the findings, the model helps the case company review its current execution of interactive website design indicators and the experts’ opinions of the importance of interactive website design indicators. In addition, by comprehensive comparison, it confirms key design indicators and analyzes the managerial implications to help the case company set up precise strategic planning and resource distribution to enhance corporate operational performance and competitiveness.
Role of Hydrological Studies for the Development of the TDPS System
Authors: Canedo Claudia , Pillco Zolá Ramiro , Berndtsson Ronny
Published: April 2016

The South American Altiplano in the Andes is, aside from Tibet, the most extensive high plateau on Earth. This semiarid area represents important water resources storages, including the Lakes Titicaca and Poopó located in the northern and central Altiplano, respectively. The two lake basins and the southern saltpans constitute a large watershed, called the Lake Titicaca, Desaguadero River, Lake Poopó, and Coipasa Salt Flat System (TDPS hydrologic system). The Altiplano climate, topography, and location determine the TDPS hydrologic functioning. Scarce data and high spatial variability represent challenges to correctly simulate the TDPS water budget. Consequently, there is an important need to improve the understanding of the water resources in current and future climate over the area. The paper provides a comprehensive state-of-the-art regarding current knowledge of the TDPS hydro-socioeconomic system and summarizes the data needs to improve the current hydrological understanding.
Désindustrialisation / délocalisations : les mots et les choses (Deindustrialization / offshoring: the order of things)
Authors: Bost François
Published: April 2016

La désindustrialisation et la délocalisation des activités sont des concepts et des phénomènes encore peu abordés en géographie. Pourtant, dans le cadre de la mondialisation contemporaine, ils occupent une place centrale car ils concernent dans des proportions variables tous les territoires des pays industrialisés, ainsi que tous les secteurs d'activité, tout particulièrement en France. Aussi méritent-ils d'être clairement définis.
Les territoires de l'industrie du textile et de l'habillement à l'épreuve des délocalisations (Territories of textile and garment industries confronted to offshoring)
Authors: Messaoudi Dalila
Published: April 2016

The relationships between industrial cities and industrial companies have strongly changed under major economic shifts in the French society. Transfers of production have largely disrupted the French industrial landscape. The textile-clothing industry is an emblematic example of this disruption with slump in jobs and relocation of plants abroad and as such, through a profound analysis it can help to understand this transformation. Highly challenged by basic goods produced in low-cost countries, the French textile industry seeks a solution through an increase in research, development and efforts on quality. It seems that the solution found would come from niche markets that are less accessible and with higher added values. The rise of emerging markets is an opportunity for these niche players. Apparently, a perennial existence is at stake rather cost reduction at any price.
La Plaine Saint-Denis : un ancien territoire industriel au centre des contradictions métropolitaines. (La Plaine Saint-Denis : a former industrial area at the heart of metropolitan contradictions)
Authors: Vieillard-Baron Hervé
Published: April 2016

How to regenerate a former industrial area with a rich history and give it urban and social cohesion ? This is the challenge facing the Saint-Denis Plain. The Parisian overspill is making its mark here in the setting up of innovative activities, and the construction of housing, office buildings and amenities. One consequence of this is the rise in land and properly prices, with a subsequent widening of the socio-economic divide. The impoverishment of households, often of immigrant origin, confined to rundown housing blocks, is in stark contrast to the gentrification of entire, newly-constructed sectors. It could be argued that tensions between social exclusion and metropolitan integration should be considered when altering scale, as in the case of Greater Paris...
Les municipalités communistes face au défi de la désindustrialisation de la petite couronne parisienne. (Communist municipalities and deindustrialisation in Paris' inner suburbs)
Authors: Subra Philippe
Published: April 2016

Les municipalités communistes ont répondu à la crise de la banlieue rouge par deux stratégies concurrentes ou parallèles : une stratégie conservatrice basée sur le refus du changement urbain, social et ethnique, et une stratégie dynamique, acceptant ce changement pour construire un nouveau modèle de système géopolitique local.

Cette seconde stratégie présente cependant plusieurs limites importantes. Elle n 'a pas empêché le parti communiste de perdre plusieurs municipalités importantes ; elle n 'a pas permis de lutter efficacement contre le chômage ; enfin elle ne produit pas nécessairement de la mixité sociale comme espéré. Les élus communistes ont par contre géré avec beaucoup d'habileté le dossier du Grand Paris, obtenant le désenclavement de leur territoire, tout en évitant la création d'un système de gouvernance métropolitain.
Les nouveaux paysages des bassins miniers dans les nouveaux Länder (New landscapes in the mining areas of the new German Länder)
Authors: Deshaies Michel
Published: April 2016

Développée à une échelle exceptionnelle au temps de la RDA, l'exploitation minière a connu un déclin brutal depuis la Réunification. Les paysages miniers transformés par l 'extraction du lignite ou de l 'uranium sont soumis depuis lors à de grands programmes de réhabilitation qui aboutissent à faire presque totalement disparaître les traces les plus visibles du passé minier. Les paysages redevenus agricoles, forestiers ou lacustres de ces anciens bassins miniers, doivent permettre de préparer la reconversion vers de nouvelles activités touristiques, ou de loisirs de proximité. L 'effacement du passé minier n 'est toutefois pas total dans certaines régions comme la Basse Lusace où le projet de l'IBA Fürst Pückler Land, réalisé entre 2000 et 2010, a pour objectif de façonner un nouveau paysage culturel intégrant les héritages miniers..
La place du secteur de la santé dans l'émergence de l'Inde (The place of the health sector in India 's emerging)
Authors: Chasles Virginie
Published: April 2016

Depuis 1991, l'Inde connaît une forte croissance économique. Celle-ci fait suite au mouvement de libéralisation et d'ouverture de l'économie. Ces réformes ont permis à l'Inde de renforcer sa place dans l'économie mondiale et ont généré une élévation du niveau de vie d'une partie de la population. Ce processus d'émergence a été porté par le secteur tertiaire et plus particulièrement par le secteur informatique. Cependant, le domaine de la santé contribue également à l'intégration de l'Inde dans un certain nombre de dynamiques mondiales. Plusieurs aspects seront développés dans cet article, tels l'économie du médicament, le tourisme médical, les médecines traditionnelles ou bien encore la délocalisation des analyses médicales.
«Émergence locale» et régénération urbaine au centre-ville du Cap («Local emerging» and urban regeneration in central Capetown)
Authors: Morange Marianne
Published: April 2016

Les transformations du centre-ville du Cap depuis la fin des années 1990 sont liées à un projet de régénération urbaine qui reflète une forme «d'émergence locale ». On entend par là non seulement les effets locaux de l'émergence internationale, mais aussi une «émergence par le local » liée à un désir local de s'imposer dans la mondialisation et dans la compétition inter-urbaine qui caractérise les villes entrepreneuriales. L 'analyse des dimensions locales de l 'émergence au Cap permet de questionner ce projet politique qui prétend produire des «territoires de l'émergence », au service de toute la métropole, mais n 'engendre peut-être que des «territoires émergents », c'est-à-dire déconnectés du reste de la ville.
Une famille au service de l'Etat bourguignon naissant. Roland et Jean d'Uutkerke, nobles flamands dans l'entourage de Philippe le Bon.
Authors: Boone Marc
Published: April 2016

Les Uutkerke, père et fils, faisaient partie de cette noblesse moyenne qui, par l'épée et la diplomatie, parvint au sommet de l'Etat bourguignon naissant. Le père surtout, messire Roland d'Uutkerke (troisième quart du XIVe siècle- 1442), a réussi à utiliser à son avantage la croissance spectaculaire de l'Etat bourguignon sous les ducs Jean sans Peur et Philippe le Bon. Sa connaissance de la langue et des mœurs politiques dans les anciens Pays-Bas, basées sur la coopération avec les importantes élites urbaines, l'a rendu indispensable lors de la conquête des principautés septentrionales de Hollande-Zélande. Logiquement, il fut parmi les premiers titulaires de l'ordre de la Toison d'Or lorsque Philippe le Bon le créa en 1430 à Bruges. C'était dans cette même ville qu'il résidait et qu'il tenait une cour privée où, parmi d'autres activités, il s'adonnait au mécénat littéraire. Lors de la réaction particulariste contre l'Etat central à Bruges en 1436-1438, Roland d'Uutkerke, sa famille et ses propriétés furent parmi les cibles choisies. Il ne se remit jamais complètement des coups reçus pendant la révolte brugeoise, le déclin ne devint néanmoins inévitable qu'à partir du moment où son fils unique, Jean d'Uutkerke fut accusé de sodomie et exécuté en 1441. Le sort de la famille Uutkerke illustre bien les étonnantes possibilités de mobilité sociale pendant l'époque bourguignonne, tout autant que la rapidité avec laquelle une position de force pouvait être perdue.
Baudouin de Bourgogne (v. 1446-1508), bâtard, militaire et diplomate. Une carrière exemplaire ?
Authors: Cauchies Jean-Marie
Published: April 2016

Boudewijn van Bourgondië (ca 1446-1508), bastaard, militair en diplomaat. Een voorbeeldige loopbaan ?

Boudewijn, een onwettige zoon van Filips de Goede, heeft een rijke maar bewogen loopbaan doorlopen in de politiek, het léger en de diplomatie. Zonder recht te hebben op een eeersterangsrol heeft hij toch in de kring van Karel de Koene, Maxiliaan en Filips de Schone een in het oog springende plaats bekleed. Verschillende jaren lang heeft hij de zaak van zijn dynastie verwaarloosd door de Franse koning, Lodewijk XI, te dienen, zonder van hem overigens te bekomen wat hij zocht. Als hoveling, intrigant en ambassadeur is het hooggtepunt van zijn loopbaan de voorbereiding van het Castilliaanse huwelijk (1488) van aartshertog Filips, waarin hij en aktieve roi speelt. Hij bezit verschillende heerlijkheden en besteedt het laatste deel van zijn leven aan het beheer ervan. Zo kan hij zijn kinderen een belangrijk, maar verspreid patrimonium nalaten. Uit talrijke vaak lakonische bronnen kan de historicus van het einde van de xve eeuw heel wat informatie halen over het leven, het milieu, het geslacht en de tijd van deze man.
Les jeux d'influence et le patronage local de la haute noblesse dans le choix des titulaires de cures en Brabant du Nord (XVe-XVIe siècles).
Authors: Bijsterveld Arnoud-Jan
Published: April 2016

Hoogadellijke patronage ende Rekrutering van pastoors in Noord-Brabant in de Vyftiende en zestiende eeuw.

Iedere geestelijke die een pastoors- of ander kerkelijk beneficie wilde verkrijgen moest zich in het blikveld manoeuvreren van een persoon of instelling die een patronaatsrecht bezat. Aan de hand van enkele gevalsstudies over de voordracht van pastoors in Noord-Brabant door hoogadellijke kerkpatroons — in casu de heren van Breda, van Bergen op Zoom, van Grave en Cuijk, en de hertog van Brabant — in de vijftiende en zestiende eeuw worden de mechanismen blootgelegd die werkzaam waren bij de rekrutering van pastoors en de toekenning van pastoraten. De hoogadellijke patroons putten hierbij uit de lieden die deel uitmaakten van de netwerken rond hun persoon en aan hun hof. Relaties gebaseerd op verwantschap, groepssolidariteit, vriendschap en patroon-cliënt-verhoudingen speelden een cruciale roi. Deze beperkte analyse van de rekrutering van pastoors toont aan dat niet-kerkelijke, wereldlijke factoren hierbij een grotere roi speelden dan pastorale of kerkelijke motieven.
Spinoza lecteur et critique de Boyle.
Authors: Macherey Pierre
Published: April 2016

En 1661, au moment où il entreprend la rédaction de l'Ethique, Spinoza, par l'intermédiaire d'Oldenburg, engage avec le grand expérimentaliste anglais Robert Boyle, une discussion dont les enjeux concernent certains aspects essentiels de la science classique : le statut rationnel de l'expérience scientifique, la nature et la composition des « substances » matérielles, le rapport de la matière et de l'étendue, avec à l'arrière-plan de cette discussion la question cruciale du vide. Ce débat n'a de sens que si on le replace dans son contexte : celui de la vision mécanique du monde et de la philosophie corpusculaire qui en est le corrélat, dont Spinoza et Boyle développent identiquement les principes, même s'ils en tirent des conséquences contradictoires.
THREE-DIMENSIONAL COMPUTATIONAL PREDICTION OF VORTEX SEPARATION PHENOMENON INSIDE THE RANQUE-HILSCH VORTEX TUBE
Authors: RAFIEE Seyed Ehsan , SADEGHIAZAD Mohammad Bagher Mohammad
Published: April 2016

The air separators are used to provide safe, clean and appropriate air to the helicopter’s engine. In this operational study, the separation process inside a Ranque-Hilsch air separator cleaning system has been investigated to analyze the impact of choosing the appropriate turbulence model for predicting the separation process inside the air separator. This research is directed towards presenting a computational fluid dynamic explanation performed on a counter-ﬂow air separator using air at different magnitudes of air flow fraction and applying different turbulence models. In a numerical investigation of counter-ﬂow air separator, air has been chosen and its vortex separation phe- nomenon has been analyzed as a function of flow fraction. Furthermore, a numerical analysis to compare the outputs of a seven equation RSM turbulence model applied for the study of vortex separation of a counter-ﬂow air separator with some two-equation turbulence methods, namely, k-ε and k-ω model as well as LES has been presented. All of the turbulence numerical methods are seen to present and predict the same ﬂow pattern inside an air separator, but, with various details. The results show that among the tested methods the RSM creates the most accurate separation pattern. The numerical results are validated by some available experimental data with good agreement.
RESEARCH OF REMOTELY PILOTED VEHICLES FOR CARGO TRANSPORTATION
Authors: RAGAUSKAS Ugnius , BRUČAS Domantas , SUŽIEDELYTĖ VISOCKIENĖ Jūratė
Published: April 2016

Remotely piloted vehicles (RPV) are used in various fields. The article analyses RPV usage for aerial cargo transportation. The first part is an overview of RPVs used across the world as cargo transportation, their examples and prototypes, as well as the comparison of their advantages and disadvantages. The second part is an analysis of aircraft structural components, by comparing their various configurations. The best cargo delivery method is analysed; and a mathematical model of cargo drop from vehicle is presented.