bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Implicações do REUNI no trabalho docente: percepção dos professores de licenciatura da Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro (UFTM) entre 2009 e 2016
Authors: Guarato Viviane Rocha Meirelles , Cecílio Sálua
Published: December 2020

O Programa de Apoio a Planos de Reestruturação e Expansão das Universidades Federais - REUNI, cuja finalidade primeira foi o aumento do número de vagas, matrículas e índices de conclusão de cursos de graduação presenciais entre outras, foi uma política pública de grande relevância para o Brasil. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi compreender as implicações do Reuni no trabalho docente, por meio da percepção de professores dos cursos de licenciatura da Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro - UFTM de 2009 a 2016. A metodologia de abordagem qualitativa com informações discutidas pelo método da análise de conteúdo, teve como participantes professores das licenciaturas e compreendeu: pesquisa bibliográfica e de campo – entrevista semiestruturada. Entre as principais implicações percebidas estão a intensificação do trabalho docente devido às atividades gestoras, alcance de metas de produções científicas, entre outras que se somam ao eixo principal integrado pelo ensino e a pesquisa contribuindo para uma evidente sobrecarga. Diante do exposto, infere-se que as IFES necessitam planejar melhor as atividades dos professores, para não os sobrecarregar e afetar seu desempenho e realização profissional.
Passive Voltage Balancing In Modular Multilevel Converter During Precharge: Analysis And Design
Authors: Jacques Maia de Sousa Gean , H. T. Schmidt Luiz , Lobo Heldwein Marcelo , Juan Pagano Daniel
Published: December 2020

The modular multilevel converter is composed of many equal submodules connected in series, each having to ideally withstand the same voltage and current stresses. The resulting configuration when each SM capacitor feeds its own auxiliary power supply is unstable during at least part of the converter precharge process. SM capacitor voltages can diverge until a protection trips in. The system can be stabilized by adding a balancing resistor in parallel to each SM capacitor. In this work, models for the dc-side precharge of the modular multilevel converter are proposed and its dynamics are analyzed in depth. The worst case parameter combination is found by running the models for all possible combinations within certain discrete ranges. A conservative estimation of the balancing resistor value is proposed by analysis of the results.
Algunas reflexiones más sobre una cuestión espinosa: la responsabilidad social de las empresas
Authors: Servais Jean Michel
Published: December 2020

En el marco de la Responsabilida Social Empresarial, el autor expone lo que denomina “códigos de conducta” que toda empresa o sociedad privada mantiene; analiza la relación existente entre ellas, además de analizar las actividades que promueven su difusión a nivel internacional tanto por las instituciones y los gobiernos; está principalmente dirigido a los estados miembros de la OIT, que están, urgidos de tomar medidas de ejecución, pero, sirve directamente de referencia para las empresas que redactan su código de conducta o que ponen en marcha otras iniciativas sociales, así como para las sociedades especializadas que definen los criterios que deben respetar las compañías que desean adherirse a su modelo.
La responsabilidad social corporativa en el Perú. Realidad versus discurso
Authors: León Untiveros Miguel A.
Published: December 2020

En nuestro país, la conciencia de la responsabilidad social corporativa (RSC), al menos a nivel del discurso, ocupa un espacio significativo. Por ello, resulta de suma importancia evaluar su puesta en práctica en atención a su realidad económica y social. Así, en este trabajo presentamos el estado del arte junto con algunas críticas importantes sobre la RSC y su noción más amplia: la sostenibilidad corporativa (partes I al IV). Luego pasamos a contrastar el modelo discursivo con la realidad peruana para concluir que, tal y como están las cosas, el único modelo de responsabilidad social corporativa es el friedmaniano (rentabilidad), y explicamos las razones de esta conclusión (parte V).
La responsabilidad social empresarial: conciencia, solidaridad y eficiencia
Authors: Aspíllaga Alayza Victor
Published: December 2020

Análisis de la viabilidad de la Responsabilidad Empresarial.
Mortality Pattern of Broiler Rabbits in an Organized Farm in Bihar, India
Authors: Chakrabarti Asit
Published: December 2020

Background: The pre and post-weaning mortality in broiler rabbit limits the production potential and lower the income generation through rabbit farming. Therefore, mortality pattern of animals in a farm is very essential clue for future strategy to combat the incidences of various diseases and prevention. Considering the above fact the present study was undertaken to find out the incidences of various rabbit diseases and mortality in an organized institutional farm. Methods: ICAR Research Complex for Eastern Region, Patna was maintaining a broiler rabbit farm with 364 rabbit comprising Newzealand White (194) and Soviet Chinchilla (170) rabbit breed. During the three years (October, 2011 to September, 2014) study period in total 364 rabbits were under observation. The seasonal variation viz. (pre-monsoon, monsoon, post-monsoon and winter, in regards to mortality, disease incidences, young and adults, sex variation, breed, housing system etc were recorded. The incidences of disease and mortality of rabbits were diagnosed through pathological examination and postmortem findings. The descriptive statistics and ÷2 test were used to explain the statistical significance. Result: During the three years study period out of 364 broiler rabbits (Soviet Chinchilla and Newzealand white) in total 63 rabbits (17.31%) were died due to various diseases. The coccidiosis (3.02%), green slime disease (2.20%), haemorrhagic tracheitis (1.92%), enteritis (1.65%), pneumonia (1.37%) and peritonitis (1.37%) were affected more than the other diseases. Apart from these the other ailments that affected broiler rabbits were ear cancer (0.82%), gastroenteritis (0.82%), stomach infection (0.82%), cardinogenic shock (0.55%), stomach impaction (0.55%), kidney infection (0.55%), limb injury (0.27%), ascites (0.27%), cystitis (0.27%), abscess in abdominal cavity (0.27%), rupture of liver and gall bladder (0.27%) as well as injury of eye and blindness (0.27%). The Soviet Chinchilla rabbits were less (7.14%) affected than the Newzealand white (10.16%). It was observed that mortality of male rabbits (6.04%) were less than the female rabbits (11.26%) and mortality of young were higher (11.54%) than the adult rabbits (5.77%). The seasonal variations in mortality of broiler rabbits were observed in present study. In monsoon season mortality was maximum i.e. 6.32% whereas, in post-monsoon it was 5.49%, pre-monsoon 3.02% and in winter season mortality was only 2.47%. The Soviet Chinchilla rabbits were less susceptible and comparatively better performer in regards to disease resistance. It may be concluded that in broiler rabbit farm coccidiosia is a major concern along with other parasitic and bacterial diseases. However, proper hygiene and sanitation along with periodic treatment with coccidiostat and deworming reduces mortality of rabbits.
Organic Manure Seed Pelleting for Enhancing Soil Properties, Nutrient Uptake and Yield of Rice
Authors: Anagha R. , Joseph Biju , Gladis R.
Published: December 2020

Background: Seed pelleting involves the sticking of target materials on to the surface of seeds. Pelleted seeds make planting of small seeds much easier by altering their shape, size and density. The call out on organic farming explains the requisite of user friendly and ecofriendly technique for seed management practices. The current study aimed to assess the effect of organic manure seed pelleting for enhancing soil properties, nutrient uptake and yield of rice. Methods: A pot culture experiment was carried out at College of Agriculture, Vellayani during the year 2018-19 to prepare organic manure seed pellets for rice and to evaluate its influence on yield, nutrient uptake and soil nutrient status. Pelleting materials were prepared using various treatment combinations namely, FYM + Azospirillum + Phosphobacteria (T2), vermicompost + Azospirillum + Phosphobacteria (T3), bioslurry flakes + Azospirillum + Phosphobacteria (T4), charcoal powder + Azospirillum + Phosphobacteria (T5), fly ash + Azospirillum + Phosphobacteria (T6), pongamia leaf powder + Azospirillum + Phosphobacteria (T7) and bioslurry + plant extracts + Azospirillum + Pseudomonas (T8: Farmer practice). Result: The results revealed that the highest grain yield (54.84 g pot-1) and straw yield (66.10 g pot-1) were recorded by T3. With regard to the uptake of nutrients, T3 registered the highest uptake of N, K, Ca, S, Zn, Cu and Si in grain and shoot. P uptake in grain was highest in the treatment T4 while T3 had the maximum P uptake in shoot. Nutrient status of the post-harvest soil was significantly influenced by the treatments.
Isolation, Characterization of Phosphatase Producing Bacteria and Fungi-Their Effect on Enhancing the Growth of Vigna radiata
Authors: Aruna Bandi , Jain Sejal
Published: December 2020

Background: Phosphate solubilizing microorganisms (PSM) are considered as most important traits associated with plant phosphate nutrition and growth. The challenge of study include identification of potent microorganisms that can be used as phosphate solubilizer. Methods: In this study during 2017-2018 study nine isolates were isolated from soil, dung, lakes, five bacterial isolates (A, B, C, D, E) identified as, Bacteroides sp, four fungal isolates Aspergillus sp (F1) and Mucor sp (F2, F3, F4). Their effect on plant (Vigna radiata) growth was studied. Maximum phosphatase production was observed by B (266 µg/ml) and F2 (297.5 µg/ml) isolates; and also phosphate by B (10.6 µg/ml) and F2 (42.6 µg/ml). Increase in shoot length and number of roots was observed in the presence of isolates. Result: The contribution of study indicate, phosphate solubilizing isolates, have probable application as biofertilizer and may help in future agricultural needs.
Pathogenicity Study of Sclerotium rolfsii Isolates on Popular Lentil Varieties in Net House Condition
Authors: Mondal Amitava , Debnath Debanjana , Das Tanusree , Das Srikanta , Samanta Malay , Mahapatra Sunita
Published: December 2020

Background: Collar rot of lentil caused by Sclerotium rolfsii became a major problem for early sown lentil in North-eastern plain zones of India, as it associated with high yield losses every year. The disease cause huge loss in yield due to which, area under this crop is consistently decreasing. In global perspective, losses of 10-20 million dollars associated with S. rolfsii with yield depletion ranging from 1-60% in fields. The resistance and susceptibility of a potential host plant depends on the virulence of isolates of S.rolfsii. So the objectives of this study is to observe the potentiality of different isolates those were collected from major lentil growing districts of West Bengal and tested their virulence on three popular varieties of lentil. However the pathogenecity of S.rolfsii in this region never been tested before. This information could be a strong background for effective management of pathogen for future research. Methods: Collar rot infected samples were collected from different geographical locations of West Bengal during (Nov-Dec, 2018). And then the collected samples were isolated in Department of Plant Pathology, BCKV, Nadia, W.B. and were confirmed by their morphological characters. Result: The isolates from different geographical locations showed differences in their virulence. Among the all isolates SRC2 considered as most virulent as it causes highest diseases incidence as well as mortality percentage in all selected varieties of lentil. Two varieties, HUL-57 and BM-6 not so much popular among the farmers but can be consider as resistant to collar rot in case of early sowing condition.
Comparative Studies on Mutagenic Effectiveness and Efficiency in Horsegram [Macrotyloma uniflorum (Lam) Verdc.]
Authors: Priyanka S. , Sudhagar R. , Vanniarajan C. , Ganesamurthy K. , Souframanien J. , Jeyakumar P.
Published: December 2020

Background: Two horsegram varieties viz., PAIYUR 2 and CRIDA1-18R were mutated with gamma rays (G), electron beam (EB), G+EB and G+EMS (ethyl methane sulphonate) to determine the mutagenic potency in breeding programme. Methods: Uniform seeds treated with different mutagenic doses were raised in randomized block design which constituted M1 generation. Each plant was harvested individually and forwarded to M2 generation following plant to progeny row method. Result: A dose dependant decline was observed for seed germination, plant survival, root length, shoot length, plant height, pollen fertility and seed fertility in M1 population. Wide spectrum of chlorophyll mutants was induced in M2 generation with maximum frequency at EB followed by combination treatments (G+EMS and G+EB) in both varieties. The mutagenic effectiveness ranged from 0.14 per cent to 1.45 per cent in PAIYUR 2 and 0.15 per cent to 1.71 per cent in CRIDA1-18R. The high mutation rate for effectiveness was exhibited by G and G+EB. With reference to sterility, EB was found to be efficient mutagen in both varieties whereas varied efficiency was noted for lethality (EB - PAIYUR 2; G+EMS - CRIDA1-18R) and injury (G - PAIYUR 2; G+EMS - CRIDA1-18R).
In vitro Selection for Resistance against Charcoal Rot Disease of Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] Caused by Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid
Authors: Upadhyay Shikha , Singh A.K. , Tripathi M.K. , Tiwari Sushma , Tripathi Niraj , Patel R.P.
Published: December 2020

Background: Soybean is an important oilseed crop. Charcoal rot caused by soil borne polyphagous fungus Macrophomina phaseolina in soybean causes about 80 percent yield loss. Methods: Callus and cell suspension cultures derived from immature and mature embryonic axis and cotyledons explants from disease susceptible soybean cultivars (cv JS335 and JS95-60) were treated with purified toxic culture filtrate generated by the fungus Macrophomina phaseolina fortified with MS culture medium. A continuous method of four cycles of selection was executed on toxic medium while during discontinuous method, a silence was given after the second and third cycle of selection using non-toxic medium. Result: The discontinuous method appeared to be superior as it permitted the calli to recover their regeneration capability. Continuous exposure to toxic culture filtrate resulted up to about 65-75 percent mortality. A total of four lines of JS335 and nine of JS95-60 were found resistant amongst an array of putative resistant/tolerant lines during S1 generation.
COMPARAÇÃO ENTRE SOLUÇÃO SALINA 0,9% E CRISTALOIDES BALANCEADOS: REVISÃO BIBLIOGRÁFICA
Authors: Silva Wallace Andrino , Araújo Costa Diego Alex
Published: December 2020

Um marco importante na medicina foi o desenvolvimento dos fluidos intravenosos. Obteve-se impacto imediato nos desfechos de doenças, como a cólera, e nos pacientes politraumatizados. Sua importância desencadeou um interesse pelo estudo da fisiologia e anatomia da macro e microcirculação, criação de novos fluidos, bem como o impacto do tipo das soluções sobre os desfechos clínicos.  
A solução salina, popularizada como solução fisiológica ou normal, é uma das soluções mais antigas e mais utilizadas no mundo. As soluções balanceadas, como o Plasma-lyte®, Ringer Lactato, entre outros, que utilizam tampões e ânions fracos na composição, começaram a ser apresentadas e se mostraram mais fisiológicas e com desfechos clínicos melhores em uma variedade extensa de pacientes.
As descobertas da anatomia e fisiologia da microcirculação, alterações hidroeletrolíticas e ácido-básicas específicas de cada doença,  hipercloremia e seus malefícios trouxeram uma discussão ampla e importante na indicação de cada cristaloide. O tipo e a quantidade de fluido a ser administrada no perioperatório têm impacto direto no desfecho dos pacientes.
As soluções balanceadas vêm se apresentando como alternativa superior à solução salina 0,9% no contexto perioperatório.
ANESTHESIA FOR RENAL TRANSPLANT SURGERY IN ADULTS
Authors: Silva Wallace Andrino , Macêdo Pinheiro Aline , Correia Junior Cipriano , Henrique Lima Paulo , Alves Henrique Costa Kellen Micheline , Dantas Júnior José Hipólito , Medeiros Paulo José
Published: December 2020

Renal transplant surgery may be associated with important perioperative complications. In this scenario, the anesthetic technique should provide optimal conditions for the surgical team, guarantee hemodynamic stability and kidney perfusion, and adequate analgesia. Preoperative evaluation should always be performed. In the intraoperative period, standard monitoring is sufficient in most cases. General balanced anesthesia, alone or in combination with spinal anesthesia or peripheral block, is the technique of choice. Management of blood pressure during the surgery is crucial. Before reperfusion, a mean arterial blood pressure of 65 mmHg is recommended, increasing to 80–90 mmHg when reperfusion is imminent until the end of surgery. Vasopressors, such as ephedrine, may be necessary to achieve blood pressure targets. Mannitol and furosemide are commonly used to increase urine output. In the postoperative period, analgesia should be ensured.
PENERAPAN TRANSCRIPT BASED LESSON ANALYSIS (TBLA) SEBAGAI UPAYA PENINGKATAN PEMBELAJARAN KIMIA
Authors: Amintarti Sri , Winarti Atiek , Sholahuddin Arif , Syahmani Syahmani , Wati Mustika
Published: December 2020

Hal penting yang ingin ditingkatkan berkenaan pembelajaran yaitu methods dan insight. Metode meliputi pengetahuan profesionalisme guru yang akan terlihat dalam rancangan pembelajaran dan penerapannya. Insight merupakan hal-hal yang tidak nampak dalam rancangan pembelajaran, unpredictable, terjadi spontan dalam pembelajaran, dan guru harus mengambil keputusan (decision). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah peningkatan pengelolaan pembelajaran secara reflektif, dengan cara menganalisis pembelajaran berdasarkan salinan percakapan selama proses pembelajaran. Oleh karena itu dilakukan penelitian 'Penerapan Transcript Based Lesson Analysis (TBLA) Sebagai Upaya Peningkatan Pembelajaran Kimia Di SMA Negeri 7 Banjarmasin'. TBLA merupakan salah satu cara dalam Lesson Analysis yang merupakan bagian dari Lesson Study. Adapun langkah-langkah penelitian ini yaitu: (1) Merencanakan research lesson, (2) Implementasi pembelajaran, meliputi: observasi, refleksi, transkripsi (instant transcript), (3) Analisis pembelajaran melalui full transcript yang diperoleh melalui rekaman audio dan video. Penelitian dilaksanakan di kelas 12 MIPA-2 SMAN 7 Banjarmasin secara bersiklus. Berdasarkan hasil TBLA siklus 1 dan 2 terlihat kecenderungan transkrip percakapan secara klasikal masih didominasi oleh guru. Adapun dampak positif penerapan Lesson study antara lain: membantu guru mengkritisi pembelajarannya berdasarkan hasil reflektif, membantu guru dalam memantau aktivitas peserta didik secara lebih detail, karena bantuan observer dan meningkatkan kolaborasi guru dalam team teaching.
PROFIL SCIENTIFIC REASONING ABILITY SISWA PADA MATERI GERAK BENDA
Authors: Utami Dian Sri , Muharrami Laila Khamsatul , Hadi Wiwin Puspita , Ahied Mochammad
Published: December 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui profil Scientific Reasoning Ability (SRA) siswa pada materi gerak benda serta faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi SRA siswa. Desain penelitian menggunakan mix method. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan nonprobability sampling jenis purposive sampling dengan sampel kelas VIII A 31 siswa Tahun Ajaran 2019/2020 SMPN 9 Gresik. Pengumpulan data menggunakan tes 3 soal uraian yang disesuaikan dengan indikator SRA dan wawancara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tipe jawaban SRA siswa pada indikator Correlational Reasoning adalah Intutive 32,25%, No Relationship 12,9%, dan One Cell 54,8%. Pada indikator Probabilistic Reasoning tidak menjawab 9,7% dan Intutive 90,3%. Pada indikator Proportional Reasoning tidak menjawab 48,4% dan Intutive 51,6%. Persentase kemampuan tiap indikator SRA yaitu Correlational Reasoning 61% (baik), Probabilistic Reasoning 24,8% (kurang), dan Proportional Reasoning 14,2% (sangat kurang). Dari hasil tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa SRA siswa tergolong masih dalam level rendah. Faktor yang mempengaruhi SRA siswa rendah adalah metode pembelajaran yang digunakan guru dan siswa belum memahami konsep. Dari penelitian SRA siswa ini dapat diketahui tingkat SRA siswa sehingga dapat digunakan oleh guru untuk evaluasi dalam proses pembelajaran.
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN DAN PENDEKATAN PEMBELAJARAN TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR PESERTA DIDIK PADA MATERI POKOK KELARUTAN DAN HASIL KALI KELARUTAN
Authors: Asmawati Andi , Karim Abdul , Iman Ilham Nur
Published: December 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran dan pendekatan pembelajaran terhadap hasil belajar peserta didik kelas XI IPA SMA Negeri 1 Makassar pada materi pokok Kelarutan dan Hasil Kali Kelarutan. Penelitian ini meruapakan jenis penelitian eksperimen semu dengan menggunakan desain factorial 2x2. Adapun teknik pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara porposive random sampling terpilih empat kelas, mulai XI IPA 1 – XI IPA 4. Kelas XI IPA 1 dan XI IPA 2 diajar dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran Problem Solving dan kelas XI IPA 3 dan XI IPA 4 menggunakan model pembelajaran langsung. Variabel bebas dalam penelitian ini adalah model pembelajaran dan pendekatan pembelajaran. Model pembelajaran menggunakan model pembelajaran pemecahan masalah dan model pembelajaran langsung. Sedangkan pendekatan pembelajaran menggunakan pendekatan pembelajaran konstruktivisme dan pendekatan pembelajaran kontekstual. Variabel terikat adalah hasil belajar peserta didik. Pengumpulan data dengan pemberian tes hasil belajar. Dalam hal ini perhitungan hipotesis menggunakan spss 21.0. Hasil penelitian diperoleh (1) Hasil belajar peserta didik dengan menggunakan model problem solving lebih tinggi dibanding model pembelajaran langsung, (2) Hasil belajar peserta didik dengan menggunakan pendekatan kontekstual lebih tinggi dibanding dengan pendekatan konstruktivisme, (3) terdapat interaksi antara model pembelajaran dengan pendekatan pembelajaran terhadap hasil belajar. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa pembelajaran dengan model problem solving disertai pendekatan kontekstual lebih memberikan pengaruh dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar peserta didik di SMAN 1 Makassar.
KEEFEKTIFAN BAHAN AJAR TUMBUHAN MANGROF UNTUK MELATIHKAN KETERAMPILAN BERPIKIR KRITIS SISWA
Authors: Rosvita Nurul Husna , Soendjoto Mochamad Arief , Zaini Muhammad
Published: December 2020

Pendidikan abad ke-21, menjamin perserta didik memilikiketerampilan berpikir kritis. Pengembangan produk berupa bahan ajarmemiliki tujuan untuk meningkatkan keterampilan berfikir kritis siswa. Bahanajar diharapkan mudah digunakan dan efektif dalam mencapai hasil belajar.Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan bahan ajar tumbuhan mangrof danmendeskripsikan keefektifan bahan ajar yang digunakan untuk melatihkanketerampilan berfikir kritis siswa.. Model penelitian yang digunakan adalahmodel evaluasi formatif dari Tessmer (1993). Subjek penelitian meliputi limaorang siswa kelas X ATP untuk uji kecil dan lima belas siswa kelas X ATPuntuk uji lapangan. Analisis data dilakukan dengan teknik deskriptif danketegorisasi. Hasil keefektivan harapan pada uji kecil mencapai rata-rata nilaipretest tanpa menggunakan bahan ajar tumbuhan mangrove adalah 20 dansetelah pengajaran dengan menggunakan tumbuhan mangrove (posttest)didapat rata-rata 78,08. Keefektivan aktual pada uji lapangan didapat nilai Ngain merumuskan masalah 0,84 dengan kategori tinggi, merumuskan hipotesis0,83 berkategori tinggi, mengumpulkan data 0,74 berkategori tinggi, analisisdata dengan nilai rata-rata 0,73 kategori tinggi, dan kesimpulan 0,79berkategori tinggi. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah Bahan ajar yangdikembangkan efektif digunakan untuk meningkatkan keterampilan berpikirkritis siswa karena dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar rata-rata 58,08.
Educação do Campo e a publicação científica em tempos de Pandemia da COVID-19
Authors: Araujo Gustavo Cunha de , Silva Cicero da
Published: December 2020

O ano de 2020 não trouxe apenas novos desafios para a editoração científica (pré-prints, ciência aberta, quantidade elevada de submissão de artigos em tempos de pandemia), mas foi um ano em que ficaram marcados acontecimentos de grandes proporções que afetaram não apenas a comunidade acadêmica (cortes nos investimentos em ciência, educação entre outros setores), mas toda a humanidade. Estamos falando da Pandemia da COVID-19 (OPAS/OMS, 2020; UNESCO, 2020), que afetou significativamente as vidas de professores, pesquisadores, cientistas e da população em geral.
A esse respeito, buscando continuamente se manter atualizada no debate acerca da ciência internacional, e não deixando de disseminar conhecimento científico de qualidade e atual que ajude a elevar o debate acerca de questões importantes para a Educação do Campo e Educação em geral, dentre as inúmeras submissões recebidas ao longo do ano, a Revista Brasileira de Educação do Campo (RBEC) publicou artigos sobre a Pandemia da COVID-19, a partir de diferentes contextos e perspectivas (sendo 2 artigos especiais internacionais), importantes para ampliar a discussão acerca de como a pandemia afeta a vida de professores e estudantes e como ela influencia as práticas pedagógicas desenvolvidas nas escolas e universidades, independente da área de conhecimento.
Além do fluxo contínuo, publicado regularmente no formato de Publicação Contínua, a revista publicou dois dossiês no ano de 2020: o primeiro diz respeito a “Formação e Trabalho Docente no Campo e Educação Especial: uma interface necessária”, que reúne trabalhos de diferentes instituições acerca da Educação Especial e Educação do Campo, importante para atualizar a discussão na área. No segundo dossiê, intitulado “Política e Gestão da Educação em Tempos de Retrocessos nos Direitos Sociais e Liofilização da Esfera Pública”, foram publicados artigos a respeito dos desafios e dificuldades de se produzir ciência e manter uma educação com qualidade em tempos de cortes nos investimentos em ciência, educação, tecnologia e inovação no Brasil.
Nesse sentido, podemos dizer que o ano de 2020 foi um ano de intensos desafios e dificuldades não apenas nas esferas sociais, políticas e econômicas, mas também na saúde, educação e ciência, que demandam ainda mais atenção do poder público para essas áreas para que as mesmas avancem e possam continuar contribuindo para o desenvolvimento da sociedade. Isso é importante, pois resistir contra as mazelas que assolam os campos educacionais, científicos, da saúde entre outros, é uma forma de defender a educação pública e a ciência, fundamental para se seguir em frente e cumprir o papel social com a divulgação de conhecimento científico de qualidade e acessível a todos(as).
Desejamos a todos e a todas boas leituras e um próspero ano de 2021!
Three-Dimensional Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Route Planning Using Hybrid Differential Evolution
Authors: Zhang Hao , Dou Lihua , Cai Chunxiao , Xin Bin ,   School of Automation, Beijing Institute of Technology No.5 Zhongguancun South Street, Haidian, Beijing 100081, China,   State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Control and Decision of Complex Systems, Beijing Institute of Technology No.5 Zhongguancun South Street, Haidian, Beijing 100081, China,   Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Intelligent Robots and Systems, Beijing Institute of Technology No.5 Zhongguancun South Street, Haidian, Beijing 100081, China,   Center for Assessment and Demonstration Research Academy of Military Sciences Courtyard No.1, Xianghongmen East Gate, Haidian, Beijing 100091, China
Published: December 2020

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have been investigated proactively owing to their promising applications. A route planner is key to UAV autonomous task execution. Herein, a hybrid differential evolution (HDE) algorithm is proposed to generate a high-quality and feasible route for fixed-wing UAVs in complex three-dimensional environments. A multiobjective function is designed, and both the route length and risk are optimized. Multiple constraints based on actual situations are considered, including UAV mobility, terrain, forbidden flying areas, and interference area constraints. Inspired by the wolf pack search algorithm, the proposed HDE algorithm combines differential evolution (DE) with an approaching strategy to improve the search capability. Moreover, considering the dynamic properties of fixed-wing UAVs, the quadratic B-spline curve is used for route smoothing. The HDE algorithm is compared with a state-of-the-art UAV route planning algorithm, i.e., the modified wolf pack search algorithm, and the traditional DE algorithm. Several numerical experiments are performed, and the performance comparison of algorithms shows that the HDE algorithm demonstrates better performances in terms of solution quality and constraint-handling ability in complex three-dimensional environments.
Sliding Mode Control of Lateral Semi-Active Suspension of High-Speed Train
Authors: He Jing ,   College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Hunan University of Technology No.88 Taishan Road, Tianyuan District, Zhuzhou, Hunan 412007, China, Liu Zhitian , Zhang Changfan
Published: December 2020

A control algorithm for lateral semi-active suspension based on sliding mode observer is proposed to solve lateral vibration of high-speed trains caused by railway surface excitation. Firstly, the multi-degree-of-freedom vehicle dynamics model of high-speed train is revised on the basis of variation in spring coefficient caused by long-time vibration in practical engineering; Secondly, the observer based on sliding mode variable structure is designed to obtain real-time estimation of unknown interference terms using the equivalent control principle of sliding mode variable structure, which can be further used to calculate the observed values of unknown interference terms; Finally, a control algorithm based on sliding mode observer is proposed. The algorithm inputs complex unknown interference observed values into the sliding mode controller (SMC) as feedback, thereby allowing the observed values to accurately track nonlinear unknown disturbance and weaken the vibration. Stimulation and experimental verification have proven the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed method.
A Heuristic Lowest Unknown-Degree Target Search Strategy Under Non-Structured Environment for Multi-Agent Systems
Authors: Wang Chunye , Chen Chen ,   School of Automation, Beijing Institute of Technology 5 South Zhongguancun Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China,   State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Control and Decision of Complex System Beijing 100081, China
Published: December 2020

Multi-target searching is a hotspot and foundation topic in multi-agent systems research. However, most of the research is based on simple environment or known environment, which greatly limits the application of target search. In the non-structured environment, the searching result can be greatly affected by the complex terrain constraints and detectability of targets especially when we have no prior knowledge about the environment. In the paper, a novel search strategy combining maximum visibility and particle swarm optimization is proposed for the target search problem in a completely unknown and non-structural environment. The strategy utilizes the concept of visibility to describe how well the agent detects the map, and guides the agent to perform online path planning to complete the search task. In addition, considering the limited communication distance and communication bandwidth, the strategy introduces a cooperative mechanism for each agent to improve the search efficiency. Finally, in the experimental part, the search strategy is compared with the commonly used search strategies. Compared with the methods combining advantages, the proposed strategy can still achieve similar results, which proves the feasibility and efficiency of the strategy.
Robust Cell Image Segmentation via Improved Markov Random Field Based on a Chinese Restaurant Process Model
Authors: Li Dongming , Sun Changming , Wei Su , Yu Yue , Yang Jinhua ,   College of Opto-Electronic Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology No.7089 Weixin Road, Chaoyang District, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China,   School of Information Technology, Jilin Agricultural University No.2888 Xincheng Road, Jingyue District, Changchun, Jilin 130118, China,   CSIRO Data61 P.O. Box 76, Epping, New South Wales 1710, Australia,   Modern Educational Technology Center, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine No.1035 Boshuo Road, Jingyue District, Changchun, Jilin 130117, China,   College of Artificial Intelligence, Tourism College of Changchun University Sheling Town, University Campus District, Changchun, Jilin 130607, China
Published: December 2020

In this paper, a segmentation method for cell images using Markov random field (MRF) based on a Chinese restaurant process model (CRPM) is proposed. Firstly, we carry out the preprocessing on the cell images, and then we focus on cell image segmentation using MRF based on a CRPM under a maximum a posteriori (MAP) criterion. The CRPM can be used to estimate the number of clusters in advance, adjusting the number of clusters automatically according to the size of the data. Finally, the conditional iteration mode (CIM) method is used to implement the MRF based cell image segmentation process. To validate our proposed method, segmentation experiments are performed on oral mucosal cell images. The segmentation results were compared with other methods, using precision, Dice, and mean square error (MSE) as the objective evaluation criteria. The experimental results show that our method produces accurate cell image segmentation results, and our method can effectively improve segmentation for the nucleus, binuclear cell, and micronucleus cell. This work will play an important role in cell image recognition and analysis.
Tsukuba Challenge 2019: Task Settings and Experimental Results
Authors: Hara Yoshitaka , Tomizawa Tetsuo , Date Hisashi , Kuroda Yoji , Tsubouchi Takashi ,   Future Robotics Technology Center (fuRo), Chiba Institute of Technology 2-17-1 Tsudanuma, Narashino, Chiba 275-0016, Japan,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Tokyo College 1220-2 Kunugida, Hachioji, Tokyo 193-0942, Japan,   Faculty of Engineering, Information and Systems, University of Tsukuba 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan,   School of Science and Technology, Meiji University 1-1-1 Higashimita, Tama-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 214-8571, Japan
Published: December 2020

This paper overviews Tsukuba Challenge 2019. The Tsukuba Challenge is an experiment for autonomous navigation of mobile robots on public walkways. Navigation tasks through pedestrian paths in the city are given. Participating teams develop their own robot hardware and software. We describe the aim of the task settings and the analysis of the experimental results for all the teams. We studied the records of real-world experiments of Tsukuba Challenge 2019.
Prototyping Using a Mobile Robot Platform Equipped with Low-End In-Wheel Motors
Authors: Tarao Susumu , Fujiwara Yasunori , Tsuda Naoaki , Takata Soichiro ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Tokyo College 1220-2 Kunugida-machi, Hachioji-shi, Tokyo 193-0997, Japan,   Department of Engineering for Future Innovation, National Institute of Technology, Ichinoseki College Takanashi, Hagisho, Ichinoseki-shi, Iwate 021-8511, Japan,   Department of Intelligent Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Wakayama College 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 77 Noshima, Nada-cho, Gobo-shi, Wakayama 644-0023, Japan
Published: December 2020

In the near future, autonomous mobile robots are expected to operate effectively in various locations, such as in living spaces as well as industrial establishments. Against this background, a new autonomous mobile robot platform was designed and prototyped in this research. For simplicity of design and easy assembly of the drive units, a robot with two low-end in-wheel motors is considered. It is also effective in saving space, and can be used for high-power operations and travelability in various road surface conditions. This paper presents a concept for developing a new type of autonomous mobile robot platform, its control system for autonomous operation, actual prototyping using this platform, and sample applications of this platform.
Outdoor Autonomous Navigation Utilizing Proximity Points of 3D Pointcloud
Authors: Tazaki Yuichi ,   Graduate School of Engineering, Kobe University 1-1 Rokkodai-cho, Nada-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan, Yokokohji Yasuyoshi
Published: December 2020

In this paper, an autonomous navigation method that utilizes proximity points of 3D range data is proposed for use in mobile robots. Some useful geometric properties of proximity points are derived, and a computationally efficient algorithm for extracting such points from 3D pointclouds is presented. Unlike previously proposed keypoints, the proximity point does not require any computationally expensive analysis of the local curvature, and is useful for detecting reliable keypoints in an environment where objects with definite curvatures such as edges and flat surfaces are scarce. Moreover, a particle-filter-based self-localization method that uses proximity points for a similarity measure of observation is presented. The proposed method was implemented in a real mobile robot system, and its performance was tested in an outdoor experiment conducted during Nakanoshima Challenge 2019.
Utilization of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle, Artificial Intelligence, and Remote Measurement Technology for Bridge Inspections
Authors: Chun Pang-jo , Dang Ji , Hamasaki Shunsuke , Yajima Ryosuke , Kameda Toshihiro , Wada Hideki , Yamane Tatsuro , Izumi Shota , Nagatani Keiji ,   The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Bunkyo-ku, Hongo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan,   Saitama University 255 Shimo-Okubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama 338-8570, Japan,   University of Tsukuba 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan,   Sin Nippon Nondestructive Inspection Co., Ltd. 4-10-13 Ibori, Kokura-Kitaku, Kitakyushu 803-8517, Japan,   The University of Tokyo 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan,   Ehime University 3 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8577, Japan
Published: December 2020

In recent years, aging of bridges has become a growing concern, and the danger of bridge collapse is increasing. To appropriately maintain bridges, it is necessary to perform inspections to accurately understand their current state. Until now, bridge inspections have involved a visual inspection in which inspection personnel come close to the bridges to perform inspection and hammering tests to investigate abnormal noises by hammering the bridges with an inspection hammer. Meanwhile, as there are a large number of bridges (for example, 730,000 bridges in Japan), and many of these are constructed at elevated spots; the issue is that the visual inspections are laborious and require huge cost. Another issue is the wide disparity in the quality of visual inspections due to the experience, knowledge, and competence of inspectors. Accordingly, the authors are trying to resolve or ameliorate these issues using unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) technology, artificial intelligence (AI) technology, and telecommunications technology. This is discussed first in this paper. Next, the authors discuss the future prospects of bridge inspection using robot technology such as a 3-D model of bridges. The goal of this paper is to show the areas in which deployment of the UAV, robots, telecommunications, and AI is beneficial and the requirements of these technologies.
Numerical Investigation on Hydrodynamic Performance of a Ducted Propeller for Vectored Underwater Robot
Authors: Zhang Rongmin ,   School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) 3501 Daxue Road, Changqing District, Jinan City, Shandong 250353, China, Zhou Shasha
Published: December 2020

This paper investigated hydrodynamic performance of the Ka4-70+No.19A ducted propeller astern of a vectored underwater robot at diverse deflection angles. Employing SSTk-ω turbulence model combined with moving reference frame technique, numerical computation of the ducted propeller in a fully developed turbulence behind hull was carried out. The validity of the model was verified by comparing the numerical results of open water performance and the experimental values. The hydrodynamic performance of the ducted propeller was worked out and discussed in detail. The wake flow and thrust deduction fraction corresponding to different deflection angles were analyzed. Results show that the ducted propeller generates more thrust and requires more torque at lager deflection angle. In addition, the thrust deduction fraction increases with the increase of the deflection angle.
The Effect of Body Mass Index Class on Patient-Reported Health-Related Quality of Life Before and After Total Hip Arthroplasty for Osteoarthritis
Authors: Mukka Sebastian , Rolfson Ola , Mohaddes Maziar , Sayed-Noor Arkan
Published: December 2020

Background:

Overweight status and obesity represent a global epidemic, with serious consequences at the individual and community levels. The number of total hip arthroplasties (THAs) among overweight and obese patients is expected to rise. Increasing body mass index (BMI) has been associated with a higher risk of mortality and reoperation and lower implant survival. The evaluation of perioperative health-related quality of life (HRQoL) has recently gained importance because of its direct relation to, and impact on, patients’ physical, mental, and social well-being as well as health-service utilization. We sought to evaluate the influence of BMI class on HRQoL preoperatively and at 1 year following THA in a register-based cohort study.

Methods:

This observational cohort study was designed and conducted on the basis of registry data derived from the Swedish Hip Arthroplasty Register (SHAR) and included 64,055 primary THAs registered between January 1, 2008, and December 31, 2015. Patients’ baseline preoperative and 1-year postoperative EuroQol-5 Dimension-3 Level (EQ-5D-3L) responses were documented by the treating department and reported to the SHAR through the patient-reported outcome measures program. The EQ-5D-3L includes a visual analogue scale (EQ VAS), which measures the patient’s overall health status.

Results:

At 1 year of follow-up, all BMI classes showed significant and clinically relevant improvements in all HRQoL measures compared with preoperative assessment (p < 0.05). Patients reported improved perception of current overall health status for the EQ VAS. Underweight, overweight, and all obesity classes showed increasingly worse 1-year HRQoL compared with normal weight, both with unadjusted and adjusted calculations.

Conclusions:

In this study, we found that all BMI classes had significant improvement in HRQoL at 1 year following THA. Patients who were underweight, overweight, or obese (classes I to III), compared with those of normal weight, reported worse hip pain and EQ-5D-3L and EQ VAS responses prior to THA and at 1 year postoperatively. These results can assist both health-care providers and patients in establishing reasonable expectations about THA outcomes.

Level of Evidence:

Prognostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi minat beli di pasar tradisional
Authors: Laga Yulius , Jamu Maria Endang
Published: December 2020

This study aims to analyze the variables that influence purchase interest in traditional markets in terms of location, product diversity, price, and service quality variables. This type of research uses a quantitative approach. The research was carried out by comparing the three traditional markets including Wolowona Market, Potulando Market and Mbongawani Market which are located in Ende Regency. The study will be conducted on 270 respondents who are consumers who carry out activities in the three markets who are selected by using the random sampling technique. The research will be conducted by Confirmatory Factor Analysis using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with AMOS 23 software. The results show that the three traditional markets have certain characteristics that affect buying interest. In Wolowona Market and Potulando Market, the location variable is the dominant factor affecting buying interest, in contrast to the Mbongawani Market, the price variable is the main reason for people to buy. The recommendation of this research is the need for consideration for traditional market managers in Ende Regency in determining the location and placement of traders according to the product variants sold in the traditional market, as well as price control from the government for the community in meeting their needs.
Eksplorasi intellectual capital Pemerintah Kota Semarang
Authors: Atidira Rahutama , Priyono Anjar
Published: December 2020

This research aims to identify government activities that refer to Intellectual Capital resources at Pemerintah Kota Semarang (Local Government of Semarang City). Pemerintah Kota Semarang applies the Smart City concept to establish and enhance IC, therefore needs to identify IC components. The Public Sector IC concept in this research refers to the Spanish SICAP Project. The qualitative method with a single case holistic case study strategy is selected. Data is collected through interviews, observation, discussion, document checking, and the internet. Fifty-five IC activities have identified. IC forms reported through Penilaian Prestasi Kerja (Work Performance Assessment) and  Local Government Financial Report in the form of intangible assets. All forms of intangible assets are computer software. The research found another component of Relational Capital is research collaboration. Research collaboration is managed by the Research and Development Field of Local Development Planning Agency. The Semarang City Government should be able to carry out an IC identification process so that it is in line with the explicit and implicit goals of a Smart Project. This process of identifying IC can provide information for valuation and henceforth can be a focus in the subject of managerial development within the Semarang City Government. Future research is hoped to be able to provide better IC deepening in each agency, agency, or office within the Semarang City Government.
The Impact of COVID-19 on Family Violence in Immigrant Communities in the United States
Authors: Rai Abha , Grossman Susan F. , Perkins Nathan H.
Published: December 2020

The COVID-19 pandemic has threatening implications for all individuals; and has been particularly unsettling for immigrants. Given their unique positionality in the U.S., the intersectional discussion about the impact of this pandemic on immigrants and issues of family violence is salient. The position of some groups of immigrant women is even more precarious due to the increased dependency on their spouse/partner for emotional, economic and immigration-related reasons. While immigrants have been on the frontlines as responders for COVID-19, there are limited policies that provide them with healthcare, employment guarantee, or benefits. Further, the immigration restrictions created by the U.S. Government have worsened the position of immigrants. All these stressors create unprecedented challenges for immigrants. Therefore, it is vital to delve into the family dynamics, unique challenges, and potential solutions that can provide support to immigrant families. This commentary highlights the atypical challenges of immigrants in relation to the pandemic and how these challenges may impact the incidence of family violence. Through our discussion, we hope to encourage social work scholars, practitioners, and policy advocates to support and advocate for immigrants; especially, during the new normal under the COVID-19 pandemic.