bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Extensive post-transcriptional buffering of gene expression in the response to severe oxidative stress in baker’s yeast
Authors: Blevins William R. , Tavella Teresa , Moro Simone G. , Blasco-Moreno Bernat , Closa-Mosquera Adrià , Díez Juana , Carey Lucas B. , Albà M. Mar
Published: July 2019

Cells responds to diverse stimuli by changing the levels of specific effector proteins. These changes are usually examined using high throughput RNA sequencing data (RNA-Seq); transcriptional regulation is generally assumed to directly influence protein abundances. However, the correlation between RNA-Seq and proteomics data is in general quite limited owing to differences in protein stability and translational regulation. Here we perform RNA-Seq, ribosome profiling and proteomics analyses in baker’s yeast cells grown in rich media and oxidative stress conditions to examine gene expression regulation at various levels. With the exception of a small set of genes involved in the maintenance of the redox state, which are regulated at the transcriptional level, modulation of protein expression is largely driven by changes in the relative ribosome density across conditions. The majority of shifts in mRNA abundance are compensated by changes in the opposite direction in the number of translating ribosomes and are predicted to result in no net change at the protein level. We also identify a subset of mRNAs which is likely to undergo specific translational repression during stress and which includes cell cycle control genes. The study suggests that post-transcriptional buffering of gene expression may be more common than previously anticipated.
Phylogenetic and Developmental Constraints Dictate the Number of Cusps on Molars in Rodents
Authors: Burroughs Robert W.
Published: July 2019

Mammal tooth morphology and function correlate strongly with dietary ecology, and convergence is a major feature of mammalian tooth evolution. Yet, function and ecology are insufficient to explain morphological diversification and convergence within mammalian molar evolution; suggesting that development and phylogeny also limit possible structural solutions to selective pressures. Here, I usein silicomodels and empirical studies of extant and fossil rodent teeth to identify morphogenetic rules that influence molar morphology. Because rodents are the most diverse group of mammals with corresponding dental disparity they represent an excellent system for investigating how genetic interactions limit morphology. I find that lower first molars are limited to a minimum of four cusps and a maximum of nine cusps. Multiple developmental pathways produce the same numbers of cusps, despite highly variable cusp morphologies, indicating the existence of limits on how morphological evolution can fill a morphospace defined by cusp numbers. These constraints are both developmental and phylogenetic in nature and the identification of their influence on rodent molar shape provides a framework for investigation of how tooth batteries evolved an array of functions despite fundamental structural limits. The data presented here increase predictability of cusp number and evolutionary outcomes of rodent cheek dentition.
Alterations in Brain Structure and Amplitude of Low-frequency after 8 weeks of Mindfulness Meditation Training in Meditation-Naïve Subjects
Authors: Yang Chuan-Chih , Barrós-Loscertales Alfonso , Li Meng , Pinazo Daniel , Borchardt Viola , Ávila César , Walter Martin
Published: July 2019

Increasing neuroimaging evidence suggests that mindfulness meditation expertise is related to different functional and structural configurations of the default mode network (DMN), the salience network (SN) and the executive network at rest. However, longitudinal studies observing resting network plasticity effects in brains of novices who started to practice meditation are scarce and generally related to one dimension, such as structural or functional effects. The purpose of this study was to investigate structural and functional brain network changes (e.g. DMN) after 40 days of mindfulness meditation training in novices and set these in the context of potentially altered depression symptomatology and anxiety. We found overlapping structural and functional effects in precuneus, a posterior DMN region, where cortical thickness increased and low-frequency amplitudes (ALFF) decreased, while decreased ALFF in left precuneus/posterior cingulate cortex correlates with the reduction of (CES-D) depression scores. In conclusion, regional overlapping of structural and functional changes in precuneus may capture different components of the complex changes of mindfulness meditation training.
Male Red-crested Cardinal plumage coloration is associated with parental abilities and breeding performance
Authors: Segura Luciano N. , Mahler Bettina
Published: July 2019

Avian plumage coloration deriving from carotenoid-based pigments is among the most honest signals of individual quality. It has been argued that females may differentially allocate resources based on mate attractiveness or quality, paying the costs of investing more in a current breeding attempt. We tested predictions of the differential allocation hypothesis on the natural variation of carotenoid-based plumage using the brightly red-colored head plumage of the Red-crested Cardinal (Paroaria coronata). It is to our knowledge the first time this hypothesis is tested on the natural variation of this pigment on a wild bird. We found that the brightness of the males’ red plumage patch is positively associated with their reproductive success and the nest defence they provide. We also found that brighter males invest less in their offspring (by delivering less food to their nestlings and poorly cleaning the nest) than duller males and, by contrast, females mated with brighter males invest more in parental care. Our results are consistent with the differential allocation hypothesis: differential allocation allowed breeding pairs with brighter males to produce more offspring, suggesting that it can be considered adaptive and should be included in studies of eco-evolutionary dynamics.
Differential Expression of Urinary Exosomal MicroRNAs miR-21-5p and miR-30b-5p in Individuals with Diabetic Kidney Disease
Authors: Zang Jinnan , Maxwell Alexander P. , Simpson David A. , McKay Gareth J.
Published: July 2019

Biomarkers for the identification of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) are needed as current tests lack sensitivity for detecting early kidney damage. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short, non-coding regulatory ribonucleic acid (RNA) molecules commonly found in urinary exosomes differentially expressed as renal function declines. We evaluated urinary exosomal miRNA expression in persons with type 2 diabetes mellitus and DKD (T2DKD). 87 human urinary exosomal miRNAs were profiled in a discovery cohort of patients with T2DKD (n = 14) and age and gender matched controls with type 2 diabetes mellitus and normal renal function (T2DNRF; n = 15). Independent validation of differentially expressed target miRNAs was performed in a second cohort with T2DKD (n = 22) and two control groups: T2DNRF (n = 15) and controls with chronic kidney disease (CCKD) and poor renal function without diabetes (n = 18). In the discovery cohort, urinary miR-21-5p, let-7e-5p and miR-23b-3p were significantly upregulated in T2DKD compared to T2DNRF (p < 0.05). Conversely, miR-30b-5p and miR-125b-5p expression was significantly lower in T2DKD (p < 0.05). Independent validation confirmed up-regulation of miR-21-5p in the replication cohort in T2DKD (2.13-fold, p = 0.006) and in CCKD (1.73-fold, p = 0.024). In contrast, miR-30b-5p was downregulated in T2DKD (0.82-fold, p = 0.006) and in CCKD (0.66-fold, p < 0.002). This study identified differential expression of miR-21-5p and miR-30b-5p in individuals with diabetic kidney disease and poor renal function. These miRNAs represent potential biomarkers associated with the pathogenesis of renal dysfunction.
Genetic Risk for Rheumatoid Arthritis is Associated with Increased Striatal Volume in Healthy Young Adults
Authors: Avinun Reut , Nevo Adam , Hariri Ahmad R.
Published: July 2019

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), an autoimmune disease, has recently been associated with increased striatal volume and decreased intracranial volume (ICV) in longstanding patients. As inflammation has been shown to precede the clinical diagnosis of RA and it is a known moderator of neuro- and gliogenesis, we were interested in testing whether these brain morphological changes appear before the clinical onset of disease in healthy young adult volunteers, as a function of relative genetic risk for RA. Genetic and structural MRI data were available for 516 healthy non-Hispanic Caucasian university students (275 women, mean age 19.78 ± 1.24 years). Polygenic risk scores were computed for each individual based on a genome-wide association study of RA, so that higher scores indicated higher risk. Striatal volume (sum of caudate, putamen, and nucleus accumbens volumes) and ICV were derived for each individual from high-resolution T1-weighted images. After controlling for sex, age, genetic components of ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and depressive symptoms, we found that higher RA polygenic risk scores were associated with increased striatal volume, but not decreased ICV. Our findings suggest that increased striatal volume may be linked to processes that precede disease onset, such as inflammation, while decreased ICV may relate to disease progression.
Nanotip-assisted photoreduction of silver nanostructures on chemically patterned ferroelectric crystals for surface enhanced Raman scattering
Authors: Wang Tzyy-Jiann , Chang Hsuan-Wei , Chen Ji-Sheng , Chiang Hai-Pang
Published: July 2019

Nanotips made of metal and semiconductor have been widely utilized in versatile applications to strengthen the electric field through lightning rod effect and localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) effect. Here, we present the utilization of ferroelectric nanotips to assist photoreduction of silver nanostructures for surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). Ferroelectric nanotips with spontaneous polarization posses the unique feature of producing the permanent electrostatic field without requiring external excitation, which differs from the present nanotips requiring electrical and optical excitation. The enhanced electrostatic field promotes the formation of silver nanoparticles by reducing the effect of Stern layer and accelerating the movement of photoelectrons and silver ions to the template surface. Experimental results show that sharp ferroelectric nanotips facilitate the formation of large-diameter nanoparticles with strong LSPR action. Compared to the conventional ferroelectric templates, the SERS substrates using nanotip-equipped ferroelectric templates produce 5.51 times larger Raman intensity, which can be further increased by >10.76 times by increasing the reaction time. The proposed SERS substrate owns the limit of detection <10−8 M and the enhancement factor of 2.3 × 109. The presented ferroelectric nanotips with permanent electrostatic field would open promising applications in the versatile areas, such as nanomaterial fabrication and optoelectronic devices.
Access to consciousness of briefly presented visual events is modulated by transcranial direct current stimulation of left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex
Authors: Sdoia Stefano , Conversi David , Pecchinenda Anna , Ferlazzo Fabio
Published: July 2019

Adaptive behaviour requires the ability to process goal-relevant events at the expense of irrelevant ones. However, perception of a relevant visual event can transiently preclude access to consciousness of subsequent events — a phenomenon called attentional blink (AB). Here we investigated involvement of the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) in conscious access, by using transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) to potentiate or reduce neural excitability in the context of an AB task. In a sham-controlled experimental design, we applied between groups anodal or cathodal tDCS over the left DLPFC, and examined whether this stimulation modulated the proportion of stimuli that were consciously reported during the AB period. We found that tDCS over the left DLPFC affected the proportion of consciously perceived target stimuli. Moreover, anodal and cathodal tDCS had opposing effects, and exhibited different temporal patterns. Anodal stimulation attenuated the AB, enhancing conscious report earlier in the AB period. Cathodal stimulation accentuated the AB, reducing conscious report later in the AB period. These findings support the notion that the DLPFC plays a role in facilitating information transition from the unconscious to the conscious stage of processing.
A small molecule inhibitor of ER-to-cytosol protein dislocation exhibits anti-dengue and anti-Zika virus activity
Authors: Ruan Jingjing , Rothan Hussin A. , Zhong Yongwang , Yan Wenjing , Henderson Mark J. , Chen Feihu , Fang Shengyun
Published: July 2019

Infection with flaviviruses, such as dengue virus (DENV) and the recently re-emerging Zika virus (ZIKV), represents an increasing global risk. Targeting essential host elements required for flavivirus replication represents an attractive approach for the discovery of antiviral agents. Previous studies have identified several components of the Hrd1 ubiquitin ligase-mediated endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated degradation (ERAD) pathway, a cellular protein quality control process, as host factors crucial for DENV and ZIKV replication. Here, we report that CP26, a small molecule inhibitor of protein dislocation from the ER lumen to the cytosol, which is an essential step for ERAD, has broad-spectrum anti-flavivirus activity. CP26 targets the Hrd1 complex, inhibits ERAD, and induces ER stress. Ricin and cholera toxins are known to hijack the protein dislocation machinery to reach the cytosol, where they exert their cytotoxic effects. CP26 selectively inhibits the activity of cholera toxin but not that of ricin. CP26 exhibits a significant inhibitory activity against both DENV and ZIKV, providing substantial protection to the host cells against virus-induced cell death. This study identified a novel dislocation inhibitor, CP26, that shows potent anti-DENV and anti-ZIKV activity in cells. Furthermore, this study provides the first example of the targeting of host ER dislocation with small molecules to combat flavivirus infection.
Treatment of splenic flexure colon cancer: a comparison of three different surgical procedures: Experience of a high volume cancer center
Authors: Rega Daniela , Pace Ugo , Scala Dario , Chiodini Paolo , Granata Vincenza , Fares Bucci Andrea , Pecori Biagio , Delrio Paolo
Published: July 2019

Extended right or left hemicolectomy are the most common surgical treatments for splenic flexure colon cancer. Extended resection (including distal pancreasectomy and/or splenectomy), has been often indicated for the treatment for the splenic flexure cancer, because the lymphatic drainage at this site is poorly defined and assumed as heterogeneous. Between January 2006 and May 2016, 103 patients with splenic flexure colon cancer were enrolled in the study. We evaluated the clinicopathological findings and outcomes of all patients and associated them to the different surgical treatment. Out of 103 selected cases an extended right hemicolectomy was performed in 22 (21.4%) patients, an extended left hemicolectomy in 24 (23.3%) patients, a segmental resection of the splenic flexure in 57 (55.3%) patients; the combined resection of adjacent organs showing tumor adherence was carried out in 11 (10.7%) patients. The tumor infiltrated near organs (T4) in 5 patients. No significant differences in complications were found among the three groups. In all groups no differences were found in the total number of harvested lymphnodes. After a median follow-up of 42 months, 30 recurrences and 19 deaths occurred (12 for tumor progression). There was no difference in overall and progression free survival among the three different surgical treatments. According to our results, the partial resection of splenic flexure was not associated with a worse prognosis and it was leading for a satisfactory oncological outcome. It is our opinion that the extended surgery is seldomly indicated to cure splenic flexure cancer.
Effect of Charge accumulation on Magnetic Rayleigh-Taylor Instability
Authors: Liu Kangkang
Published: July 2019

The intuitive physical description of magnetic Rayleigh-Taylor instability in some textbooks is generally considered to be: a small perturbation causes current discontinuity, which produce charge accumulation, the electric field produced by the accumulated charge amplify the initial perturbation. However, in calculating the linear growth rate of magnetic Rayleigh-Taylor instability (MRTI), the displacement current term in the Maxwell’s equations is ignored, which means the contribution of charge accumulation to the growth of MRTI is totally ignored. In this article, we calculated the linear growth rate of MRTI with the displacement current term in Maxwell’s equations retained. We show that the contribution of charge accumulation to the growth of MRTI is negligible only when the nominal Alfvén speed is much smaller than the light speed. For space plasma whose nominal Alfvén speed is generally much smaller than the light speed, the linear growth rate previous calculated is right but the intuitive physical description of MRTI is wrong. For laboratory plasma whose nominal Alfvén speed maybe comparable to light speed, the intuitive physical description of MRTI is also inaccurate and the linear growth rate of MRTI is undervalued.
Wearable sensors for monitoring the internal and external workload of the athlete
Authors: Seshadri Dhruv R. , Li Ryan T. , Voos James E. , Rowbottom James R. , Alfes Celeste M. , Zorman Christian A. , Drummond Colin K.
Published: July 2019

The convergence of semiconductor technology, physiology, and predictive health analytics from wearable devices has advanced its clinical and translational utility for sports. The detection and subsequent application of metrics pertinent to and indicative of the physical performance, physiological status, biochemical composition, and mental alertness of the athlete has been shown to reduce the risk of injuries and improve performance and has enabled the development of athlete-centered protocols and treatment plans by team physicians and trainers. Our discussions in this review include commercially available devices, as well as those described in scientific literature to provide an understanding of wearable sensors for sports medicine. The primary objective of this paper is to provide a comprehensive review of the applications of wearable technology for assessing the biomechanical and physiological parameters of the athlete. A secondary objective of this paper is to identify collaborative research opportunities among academic research groups, sports medicine health clinics, and sports team performance programs to further the utility of this technology to assist in the return-to-play for athletes across various sporting domains. A companion paper discusses the use of wearables to monitor the biochemical profile and mental acuity of the athlete.
A functional Au array SERS chip for the fast inspection of pesticides in conjunction with surface extraction and coordination transferring
Authors: Ouyang Lei , Dai Pei , Yao Ling , Zhou Qian , Tang Heqing , Zhu Lihua
Published: July 2019

An organic solvent-compatible Au array SERS chip was developed for pesticide detection in conjunction with surface extraction and coordination transferring.
A PepT1 mediated medicinal nano-system for targeted delivery of cyclosporine A to alleviate acute severe ulcerative colitis
Authors: Wu Ya , Sun Minghui , Wang Dan , Li Genyun , Huang Jiangeng , Tan Songwei , Bao Lin , Li Qian , Li Gao , Si Luqin
Published: July 2019

A novel nano-system (PKMCN) with medical value could accumulate in the inflamed colon tissues and exhibit a strong anti-inflammatory effect.
Ion effects on the conformation and dynamics of repetitive domains of a spider silk protein: implications for solubility and β-sheet formation
Authors: Oktaviani Nur Alia , Matsugami Akimasa , Hayashi Fumiaki , Numata Keiji
Published: July 2019

Chaotropic ions prevent molecular interactions of a spider silk protein, which are required to maintain the solubility, while kosmotropic ions promote hydrogen bond interactions, which are a prerequisite for β-sheet formation.
Fluorination observedTcincrease of 110 K is challenging the hydrogen–deuterium isotope effect
Authors: Liu Yu-Ling , Lu Si-Qi , Tang Yuan-Yuan , Chen Xiao-Gang , Gao Ji-Xing , Li Hao-Jie , Xiong Ren-Gen
Published: July 2019

The unprecedentedTcenhancement of 110 K observed with H/F substitution of [N-methyldabconium] triiodide lead is challenging the hydrogen–deuterium isotope effect.
A transcription aptasensor: amplified, label-free and culture-independent detection of foodborne pathogens via light-up RNA aptamers
Authors: Sheng Lele , Lu Yunhao , Deng Sha , Liao Xinyu , Zhang Kaixiang , Ding Tian , Gao Hong , Liu Donghong , Deng Ruijie , Li Jinghong
Published: July 2019

We report a light-up RNA aptamer-based transcription aptasensor, enabling sensitive, label-free and culture-free detection of intact foodborne pathogens.
Correction: Memory-effect-induced electrochemical oscillation of an Al-doped Li4Ti5O12 composite in Li-ion batteries
Authors: Zhang Liao , Qu Yanyu , Huang Jiangtao , Feng Xiang , Li De , Chen Yong
Published: July 2019

Correction for ‘Memory-effect-induced electrochemical oscillation of an Al-doped Li4Ti5O12 composite in Li-ion batteries’ by Liao Zhang et al., Chem. Commun., 2019, 55, 1279–1282.
Tolerance in superstructures formed from high-quality colloidal ZnO nanoparticles with hexagonal cross-section
Authors: Theiss Sebastian , Voggel Michael , Schlötter Moritz , Sutter Sebastian , Stöckl Martin Thomas , Polarz Sebastian
Published: July 2019

The order of periodic arrays of hexagonal ZnO nanoplates has been investigated in terms of polydispersity. A continuous transition from a crystalline to a glassy state has been found.
Global and local aromaticity of acenes from the information-theoretic approach in density functional reactivity theory
Authors: Yu Donghai , Stuyver Thijs , Rong Chunying , Alonso Mercedes , Lu Tian , De Proft Frank , Geerlings Paul , Liu Shubin
Published: July 2019

Examining global and local aromaticity for acenes using an information-theoretic approach and aromaticity indices provides a unique perspective for these compounds.
The growth and improved magnetoelectric response of strain-modified Aurivillius SrBi4.25La0.75Ti4FeO18 thin films
Authors: Venkata Ramana E. , Prasad N. V. , Figueiras F. , Lajaunie L. , Arenal R. , Otero-Irurueta G. , Valente M. A.
Published: July 2019

In this study, we grew 5-layered SrBi4.25La0.75Ti4FeO18 (SBLFT) polycrystalline thin films (80–330 nm thick) via pulsed-laser deposition to study their ferroelectric and magnetoelectric responses.
Pyrazine dicarboxylate-bridged arsenotungstate: synthesis, characterization, and catalytic activities in epoxidation of olefins and oxidation of alcohols
Authors: Ma Xinyi , He Peipei , Xu Baijie , Lu Jingkun , Wan Rong , Wu Hechen , Wang Yuan , Ma Pengtao , Niu Jingyang , Wang Jingping
Published: July 2019

The catalytic properties and polyanionic structure of pyrazine dicarboxylate-bridged arsenotungstate are reported.
Syntheses and quadratic nonlinear optical properties of 2,7-fluorenylene- and 1,4-phenylene-functionalized o-carboranes
Authors: Jiang Peng , Wang Zhaojin , Moxey Graeme J. , Morshedi Mahbod , Barlow Adam , Wang Genmiao , Quintana Cristóbal , Zhang Chi , Cifuentes Marie P. , Humphrey Mark G.
Published: July 2019

Electron-withdrawing o-carboranes C-functionalized by one 2-donor-7-fluorenyl unit are shown to exhibit strong quadratic optical nonlinearities at 1064 nm; appending two donor-functionalized fluorenyl groups further enhances the NLO coefficients.
Bone formation activity of an osteogenic dodecapeptide from blue mussels (Mytilus edulis)
Authors: Xu Zhe , Chen Hui , Fan Fengjiao , Shi Pujie , Tu Maolin , Cheng Shuzhen , Wang Zhenyu , Du Ming
Published: July 2019

A novel osteogenic dodecapeptide peptide (PIE), IEELEEELEAER, was purified from blue mussels (Mytilus edulis) protein hydrolysate. PIE may contribute to preventing osteoporosis both in vitro and in vivo.
Biofactories: engineered nanoparticlesviagenetically engineered organisms
Authors: Iravani Siavash , Varma Rajender S.
Published: July 2019

Latest advances in nanoparticle biosynthesis are highlighted with specific emphasis on the deployment of genetically engineered organisms and associated challenges.
Tri-fluid mixing in a microchannel for nanoparticle synthesis
Authors: Feng Xiangsong , Ren Yukun , Hou Likai , Tao Ye , Jiang Tianyi , Li Wenying , Jiang Hongyuan
Published: July 2019

We present an innovative tri-fluid mixing methodology, potentially applied in multi-step continuous-flow reactions, multicomponent reactions, nanoparticle synthesis, etc.
A wearable electrofluidic actuation system
Authors: Lin Haisong , Hojaiji Hannaneh , Lin Shuyu , Yeung Christopher , Zhao Yichao , Wang Bo , Malige Meghana , Wang Yibo , King Kimber , Yu Wenzhuo , Tan Jiawei , Wang Zhaoqing , Cheng Xuanbing , Emaminejad Sam
Published: July 2019

This work presents a wearable electrofluidic actuation system, which exploits the alternating current electrothermal (ACET) effects to engineer biofluid flow profiles on the body.
Self-sufficient, low-cost microfluidic pumps utilising reinforced balloons
Authors: Thurgood Peter , Suarez Sergio Aguilera , Chen Sheng , Gilliam Christopher , Pirogova Elena , Jex Aaron R. , Baratchi Sara , Khoshmanesh Khashayar
Published: July 2019

Reinforcing a latex balloon with nylon stockings leads to a high pressure self-sufficient pump, which is used for studying the mechanobiology of aortic cells and hydrodynamic capturing of large human monocytes.
Structural insights and binding analysis for determining the molecular bases for programmed cell death protein ligand-1 inhibition
Authors: Acúrcio Rita C. , Leonardo-Sousa Carlota , García-Sosa Alfonso T. , Salvador Jorge A. , Florindo Helena F. , Guedes Rita C.
Published: July 2019

Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and PD-ligand 1 (PD-L1) interaction plays an important role in cancer immunotherapy.
Cascade aldol condensation of an aldehydeviathe aerobic oxidation of ethanol over an Au/NiO composite
Authors: Shi Yuanyuan , Tian Shanli , Shi Quanquan , Zhang Yifei , Waheed Ammara , Cao Youhai , Li Gao
Published: July 2019

Synthesis of liquid biofuels (C11–C13) from cellulosic ethanol is regarded as a promising and versatile protocol.
Development of a near infrared Au–Ag bimetallic nanocluster for ultrasensitive detection of toxic Pb2+ ions in vitro and inside cells
Authors: Sannigrahi Achinta , Chowdhury Sourav , Nandi Indrani , Sanyal Dwipanjan , Chall Sayantani , Chattopadhyay Krishnananda
Published: July 2019

Au–Ag bimetallic nanoclusters with tunable NIR fluorescence have found applications in sensing toxic lead ions in vitro and inside cells.
Synthesis and biological evaluation of thiolate gold(i) complexes as thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) and glutathione reductase (GR) inhibitors
Authors: Fereidoonnezhad Masood , Ahmadi Mirsadeghi Hasti , Abedanzadeh Sedigheh , Yazdani Alireza , Alamdarlou Arsalan , Babaghasabha Mojgan , Almansaf Zainab , Faghih Zeinab , McConnell Zachary , Shahsavari Hamid R. , Beyzavi M. Hassan
Published: July 2019

Au(i) complexes with PPh2py and thiolate ligands are prepared. The complexes are shown considerable cytotoxic activities and those efficiently inhibit the TrxRs and GR.
Aggregation-induced red shift in N,S-doped chiral carbon dot emissions for moisture sensing
Authors: Arshad Farwa , Sk Md Palashuddin
Published: July 2019

Herein, we report aggregation induced red shifted emissions in N,S-doped chiral carbon dots for moisture sensing in common organic solvents and commercial products.
‘Off–on’ switchable fluorescent probe for prompt and cost-efficient detection of bacteria
Authors: Giovannini Giorgia , Gubala Vladimir , Hall Andrew J.
Published: July 2019

The rapid and straightforward detection of bacteria in food and human samples is becoming important, particularly in view of the development of point-of-care devices and lab-on-a-chip tools for prevention and treatment of bacterial infections.
Fabrication of multi-walled carbon nanotube–metallic nanoparticle hybrid nanostructure based electrochemical platforms for sensitive and practical colchicine detection
Authors: Ören Varol Tuğba , Anik Ülkü
Published: July 2019

A MWCNT–Au–Pt hybrid nanostructure was used in the fabrication of electrochemical colchicine sensors for the first time.
5-(4-Azidofurazan-3-yl)-1-hydroxytetrazole and its derivatives: from green primary to secondary explosives
Authors: Zhang Jichuan , Yin Ping , Pan Guangxing , Wang Zhenyuan , Zhang Jiaheng , Mitchell Lauren A. , Parrish Damon A. , Shreeve Jean’ne M.
Published: July 2019

These new high-nitrogen-content azidofurazan compounds show potential for use as next-generation green primary and secondary explosives.
Fabrication of H2O2-driven nanoreactors for innovative cancer treatments
Authors: Dong Ziliang , Yang Zhijuan , Hao Yu , Feng Liangzhu
Published: July 2019

Innovative H2O2-driven nanoreactors have been designed and attempted for effective cancer treatmentviaamplifying intratumoural oxidative stress or attenuating tumour hypoxia.
A cascade process for directly converting nitriles (RCN) to cyanamides (RNHCN) via SO2F2-activated Tiemann rearrangement
Authors: Zhang Guofu , Zhao Yiyong , Ding Chengrong
Published: July 2019

A one-pot transition metal-free methodology for cyanamide preparation using readily available materials with easy work-up, wide substrate scope and great functional group-tolerability up to the gram scale.
Correction: Trends in polymeric shape memory hydrogels and hydrogel actuators
Authors: Shang Jiaojiao , Le Xiaoxia , Zhang Jiawei , Chen Tao , Theato Patrick
Published: July 2019

Correction for ‘Trends in polymeric shape memory hydrogels and hydrogel actuators’ by Jiaojiao Shang et al., Polym. Chem., 2019, 10, 1036–1055.
N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone as an excellent coordinative additive with a wide operating range for fabricating high-quality perovskite films
Authors: Cheng Fangwen , Jing Xiaojing , Chen Ruihao , Cao Jing , Yan Juanzhu , Wu Youyunqi , Huang Xiaofeng , Wu Binghui , Zheng Nanfeng
Published: July 2019

N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP), forming only one PbI2·NMP complex, is demonstrated as an excellent coordinative solvent for the fabrication of high-quality perovskite thin films.
A simple approach to indeno-coumarins via visible-light-induced cyclization of aryl alkynoates with diethyl bromomalonate
Authors: Li Qingrui , Yin Yunnian , Li Yabo , Zhang Jianye , Huang Mengmeng , Kim Jung Keun , Wu Yangjie
Published: July 2019

Visible-light-induced triple-domino cyclization between aryl alkynoates and diethyl bromomalonate was developed for the synthesis of indeno-coumarins.
Mono epoxidation of α,ω-dienes using NBS in a water-soluble cavitand
Authors: Angamuthu Venkatachalam , Rahman Faiz-Ur , Petroselli Manuel , Li Yongsheng , Yu Yang , Rebek Julius
Published: July 2019

The cavitand induced “yo-yo” motion was applied to mono-epoxidation reaction of α,ω-dienes using N-bromosuccinamide and K2CO3 in D2O.
Molecular interaction studies on ellagic acid for its anticancer potential targeting pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 3
Authors: Dahiya Rashmi , Mohammad Taj , Gupta Preeti , Haque Anzarul , Alajmi Mohamed F. , Hussain Afzal , Hassan Md. Imtaiyaz
Published: July 2019

PDK3 plays a central role in cancer through the reversible phosphorylation of PDC thereby blocking the entry of pyruvate into the TCA cycle. PDK3 mediated metabolic switching can be therapeutically targeted for glycolysis addicted cancers.
Flow nanoprecipitation of size-controlled d-leucine nanoparticles for spray-drying formulations
Authors: Cerra Bruno , Mosca Gabriele , Ricci Maurizio , Schoubben Aurélie , Gioiello Antimo
Published: July 2019

A flow-based flash nanoprecipitation of size-controlled d-leucine nanoparticles as glidants for pulmonary delivery of active pharmaceutical ingredients.
Configuration determination by residual dipolar couplings: accessing the full conformational space by molecular dynamics with tensorial constraints
Authors: Tzvetkova Pavleta , Sternberg Ulrich , Gloge Thomas , Navarro-Vázquez Armando , Luy Burkhard
Published: July 2019

The use of tensorial orientational constraints for NMR-derived residual dipolar couplings (RDCs) in molecular dynamics simulations brings detailed structural models of flexible molecules in solution in reach.
Engineering multilayer chemical networks
Authors: Martinez-Amezaga Maitena , Orrillo A. Gastón , Furlan Ricardo L. E.
Published: July 2019

History and layer design as new features in dynamic multilayer networks.
Nuclear-spin-pattern control of electron-spin dynamics in a series of V(iv) complexes
Authors: Jackson Cassidy E. , Lin Chun-Yi , Johnson Spencer H. , van Tol Johan , Zadrozny Joseph M.
Published: July 2019

This report details how the design of specific nuclear-spin patterns on ligands modulates spin-relaxation times in a set of open-shell vanadium(iv) complexes.
Stochastic techno-economic analysis of H2 production from power-to-gas using a high-pressure PEM water electrolyzer for a small-scale H2 fueling station
Authors: Lee Boreum , Lee Hyunjun , Heo Juheon , Moon Changhwan , Moon Sangbong , Lim Hankwon
Published: July 2019

A stochastic techno-economic analysis is conducted to evaluate economic feasibility for power-to-gas technology using a high-pressure PEM water electrolyzer.
Single-crystal and hierarchical VSe2 as an aluminum-ion battery cathode
Authors: Lei Haiping , Wang Mingyong , Tu Jiguo , Jiao Shuqiang
Published: July 2019

A single-crystal and hierarchical VSe2 cathode exhibits the highest discharge specific capacity of about 419.1 mA h g−1.
Impact of charge transport layers on the photochemical stability of MAPbI3 in thin films and perovskite solar cells
Authors: Boldyreva A. G. , Akbulatov A. F. , Elnaggar M. , Luchkin S. Yu , Danilov A. V. , Zhidkov I. S. , Yamilova O. R. , Fedotov Yu S. , Bredikhin S. I. , Kurmaev E. Z. , Stevenson K. J. , Troshin P. A.
Published: July 2019

We systematically explored the photochemical stability of MAPbI3 interfaces with five different charge transport layers (CTLs): substituted naphthalene (NDI) and perylene (PDI) diimides, fullerene derivatives PC61BM and PC71BM, and spiro-OMeTAD.
TiO2 photoanodes with exposed {0 1 0} facets grown by aerosol-assisted chemical vapor deposition of a titanium oxo/alkoxy cluster
Authors: Regue Miriam , Sibby Sandra , Ahmet Ibbi Y. , Friedrich Dennis , Abdi Fatwa F. , Johnson Andrew L. , Eslava Salvador
Published: July 2019

TiO2 photoanodes with {0 1 0} facets exposed show high photoelectrochemical performance and IPCE of 100% at 350 nm.
P-Doped NiMoO4 parallel arrays anchored on cobalt carbonate hydroxide with oxygen vacancies and mass transfer channels for supercapacitors and oxygen evolution
Authors: Wang Feifei , Ma Kui , Tian Wen , Dong Juncai , Han Han , Wang Huipu , Deng Kuan , Yue Hairong , Zhang Yu Xin , Jiang Wei , Ji Junyi
Published: July 2019

Phosphate-doped and oxygen vacancy-rich NiMoO4 parallel nanosheets anchored on Co(CO3)0.5(OH)·0.11H2O were synthesized for supercapacitors and oxygen evolution.
Self-supported branched poly(ethyleneimine) materials for CO2 adsorption from simulated flue gas
Authors: Yoo Chun-Jae , Narayanan Pavithra , Jones Christopher W.
Published: July 2019

A family of self-supported, cross-linked PEI materials is demonstrated as promising CO2 adsorbents, displaying (i) good CO2 capacity (ii) rapid uptake kinetics, and (iii) good stability relative to conventional supported amine adsorbents.
A synergetic strategy for an advanced electrode with Fe3O4 embedded in a 3D N-doped porous graphene framework and a strong adhesive binder for lithium/potassium ion batteries with an ultralong cycle lifespan
Authors: Liu Ying , He Donglin , Tan Qiwei , Wan Qi , Han Kun , Liu Zhiwei , Li Ping , An Fuqiang , Qu Xuanhui
Published: July 2019

The chemical blowing strategy to fabricate novel Fe3O4 nanoparticles decorated 3D N-doped porous graphene for high-performance LIBs and KIBs.
High-concentration ether-based electrolyte boosts the electrochemical performance of SnS2–reduced graphene oxide for K-ion batteries
Authors: Xie Junpeng , Zhu Yongqian , Zhuang Ning , Li Xiaodan , Yuan Xinran , Li Jinliang , Hong Guo , Mai Wenjie
Published: July 2019

To meet the urgent demand for energy storage systems, K-ion batteries (KIBs), with low cost and comparable electrochemical performance, have become one of the most promising alternatives to Li-ion batteries.
Asymmetric A–D–π–A-type nonfullerene small molecule acceptors for efficient organic solar cells
Authors: Li Xueshan , Li Chao , Ye Linglong , Weng Kangkang , Fu Huiting , Ryu Hwa Sook , Wei Donghui , Sun Xiaobo , Woo Han Young , Sun Yanming
Published: July 2019

By applying a rational molecular cutting strategy to the indacenodithienothiophene (IDTT) skeleton, a novel asymmetric A–D–π–A type acceptor, TTPT-T-2F, was developed.
Associations ofSLC6A20genetic polymorphisms with Hirschsprung’s disease in a Southern Chinese population
Authors: Xie Xiaoli , He Qiuming , Huang Lihua , Li Le , Yao Yuxiao , Xia Huimin , Zhao Jinglu , Zhong Wei , Zhang Yan
Published: July 2019

Hirschsprung’s disease (HSCR) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by the absence of nerves in intestine with strong genetic components. SLC6A20 was found to be associated with HSCR in Korean population waiting for replication in an independent cohort. In the present study, ten single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the SLC6A20 were selected from Southern Chinese with 1470 HSCR cases and 1473 ethnically matched healthy controls. Our results indicated that SNP rs7640009 was associated with HSCR and SLC6A20 has a gene–dose effect in the extent of the aganglionic segment during enteric nervous system (ENS) development. It is the first time to reveal the relationship between SNP rs2191026 and HSCR-associated enterocolitis (HAEC) susceptibility.
Fatty acid oxidation inhibitor etomoxir suppresses tumor progression and induces cell cycle arrest via PPARγ-mediated pathway in bladder cancer
Authors: Cheng Songtao , Wang Gang , Wang Yejinpeng , Cai Liwei , Qian Kaiyu , Ju Lingao , Liu Xuefeng , Xiao Yu , Wang Xinghuan
Published: July 2019

Tumor cells rely on aerobic glycolysis as their main energy resource (Warburg effect). Recent research has highlighted the importance of lipid metabolism in tumor progression, and certain cancers even turn to fatty acids as the main fuel. Related studies have identified alterations of fatty acid metabolism in human bladder cancer (BCa). Our microarray analysis showed that fatty acid metabolism was activated in BCa compared with normal bladder. The free fatty acid (FFA) level was also increased in BCa compared with paracancerous tissues. Inhibition of fatty acid oxidation (FAO) with etomoxir caused lipid accumulation, decreased adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) levels, suppressed BCa cell growth in vitro and in vivo, and reduced motility of BCa cells via affecting epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related proteins. Furthermore, etomoxir induced BCa cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase through peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) γ-mediated pathway with alterations in fatty acid metabolism associated gene expression. The cell cycle arrest could be reversed by PPARγ antagonist GW9662. Taken together, our results suggest that inhibition of FAO with etomoxir may provide a novel avenue to investigate new therapeutic approaches to human BCa.
A guided Monte Carlo radiative transfer method using mixture importance sampling
Authors: Zhang Jianing
Published: July 2019

In order to investigate the source of uncertainties for the Monte Carlo radiative transfer method, a path space formulation is proposed which expresses the integral form of the radiative transfer equation. It has been determined that some of the uncertainties depend on the sampling of photon propagation directions. To reduce this kind of uncertainty, we propose a guided Monte Carlo (GMC) method based on a direction mixture importance sampling strategy for simulating radiative transfer in a scattering medium. We validated the GMC method by implementing it in a backward Monte Carlo radiative transfer (BMCRT) code for the plane-parallel medium. Similar to the usual BMCRT method, the solution is determined by tracing photons from the detector towards the radiation source in the backward GMC method. Through test examples, we demonstrate the validity of the direction mixture importance sampling strategy and the GMC method.
Circumstellar envelopes of semi-regular long-period variables: mass-loss rate estimates and general model fitting of the molecular gas
Authors: Díaz-Luis J. J. , Alcolea J. , Bujarrabal V. , Santander-García M. , Castro-Carrizo A. , Gómez-Garrido M. , Desmurs J.-F.
Published: July 2019

Aims. We aim to study the main properties of a volume-limited unbiased sample of well-characterized semi-regular variables (SRs) in order to clarify important issues that need to be further explained, such as the formation of axially symmetric planetary nebulae (PNe) from spherical circumstellar envelopes (CSEs), which takes place during the mass-loss process along the asymptotic giant branch (AGB) phase.

Methods. We present new high-S/N IRAM 30 m observations of the 12CO J = 2–1, 12CO J = 1–0, and 13CO J = 1–0 lines, in a volume-limited sample of SRs for which the HIPPARCOS distances are between 100 and 500 pc and the declinations are above −25°. We analyzed the data by characterizing the main properties of the CSEs. The 12CO J = 2–1 data were used to study the profiles, while the 12CO J = 1–0 data were used to estimate mass-loss rates for the complete sample. Moreover, the 12CO J = 2–1 line has been used to determine the possible structures responsible for such profiles.

Results. We have classified the sources into four groups according to the different profiles and final gas expansion velocities. Type 1 and 2 profiles are broad and narrow symmetric lines, respectively. Furthermore, type 1 profiles are more related to previously studied, standard, spherically symmetric envelopes. Type 3 profiles on the contrary are strange profiles with very pronounced asymmetries. Finally, type 4 profiles are those showing two different components: a narrow line profile superimposed on a broad pedestal component. We find that for sources with this latter kind of profile, the variation amplitude is very low, which means that these SRs do not have a well-developed inner envelope differentiated from the outer one. Interestingly, we report a moderate correlation between mass-loss rates and 12CO J = 1–0/12CO J = 2–1 line intensity ratios for O-rich SRs, suggesting a different behaviour between C- and O-rich SRs. Using SHAPE+shapemol, we find a unified simple model based on an oblate spheroid placed in different orientations that may explain all the 12CO profiles in the sample, indicating that the gas expansion is in general predominantly equatorial. Moreover, in order to explain the type 4 profiles, we define an extra component which may somehow be a biconical structure or similar according to the structures already found in this kind of source. Type 1 and 2 profiles, curiously, may also be explained by standard spherically symmetric envelopes, but often requiring anomalously low velocities. Type 3 and 4 profiles however, need axial symmetry to be explained. We conclude that most circumstellar shells around SRs show axial, strongly nonspherical symmetry. More interferometric observations are needed in order to make firm conclusions about mass-loss processes and possible morphologies of SRs.
Akrolentiginöses Melanom unter der (Fehl-)Diagnose einer Onychomykose
Authors: Elsner P. , Meyer J.
Published: July 2019

Ein Patient wurde unter der Diagnose einer Paronychie und Onychomykose des Mittelfingers rechts ohne mykologischen Pilznachweis langfristig topisch und systemisch antimykotisch behandelt. Bei Therapieresistenz erfolgte nach Vorstellung bei einem anderen Hautarzt eine Hautbiopsie, die ein akrolentiginöses malignes Melanom ergab, das unter Teilamputation des Fingers operativ versorgt werden musste. Nach Facharztstandard war die Verzögerung der letztlich zielführenden Diagnostik als Behandlungsfehler zu bewerten.

Unklare entzündliche Veränderungen oder Tumoren an den Akren sollten immer zur Differenzialdiagnose eines akrolentiginösen malignen Melanoms veranlassen, auch wenn prima vista viel häufigere Erkrankungen wie eine Onychomykose oder Verrucae vulgares wahrscheinlicher sind. Spätestens bei Nichtansprechen einer eingeleiteten Therapie sollte die Diagnose kritisch überprüft und ggf. eine dermatohistologische Befundsicherung durchgeführt werden.
Synthesis of Thioethers from Sulfonyl Chlorides, Sodium Sulfinates, and Sulfonyl Hydrazides
Authors: Wu Ronghai , Huang Keke , Qiu Guanyinsheng , Liu Jin-Biao
Published: July 2019

Sulfur-containing moieties, especially thioethers (sulfides), play pivotal roles in the functionalities of many natural products, pharmaceutical compounds, and organic materials. In this review, we summarize the recent synthetic protocols of thioethers using thiolating reagents, including sulfonyl chlorides, sodium sulfinates, and sulfonyl hydrazides, as the ideal starting materials. Representative mechanisms for different types of reaction are also discussed.

1 Introduction

2 Synthesis of Thioethers from Sulfonyl Chlorides

3 Synthesis of Thioethers from Sodium Sulfinates

4 Synthesis of Thioethers from Sulfonyl Hydrazides

5 Conclusion
Construction of Esters through Sulfuryl Fluoride (SO2F2) Mediated Dehydrative Coupling of Carboxylic Acids with Alcohols at Room Temperature
Authors: Wang Shi-Meng , S. Alharbi Njud , Qin Hua-Li
Published: July 2019

A facile method for the construction of esters through dehydrative coupling of carboxylic acids with alcohols is developed. The reactions are mediated by sulfuryl fluoride (SO2F2) at room temperature and proceed with high efficiency. The method has several advantages including broad substrate scope, mild conditions, excellent functional group compatibility and affords high yields, even on gram scale.
Patella Height as Defined by Patella–Trochlear Articulation on MRI Scan—A Systemic Review of Current Evidence
Authors: Bajada Stefan , Mandalia Vipul
Published: July 2019

The objective of this study is to investigate what are the normal values, cutoff values, and optimal method of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan for patella height focusing on patella–trochlear index (PTI). Electronic searches of MEDLINE (PubMed), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Cochrane, Embase, ScienceDirect, and National Institute for Health and Care Excellence evidence up to April 2018 were completed. Eligibility criteria for selected studies included case-controlled studies, prospective cohort studies, cross-sectional and randomized controlled trials reporting on the use of MRI to evaluate direct patella height. Exclusions included animal or biomechanical/computational studies; interventional surgery such as knee arthroplasty, bracing, or realignment; and hereditary/congenital disease. A quality assessment of included studies was completed using the Methodological Index for Non-Randomized Studies (MINORS) Criteria. Sixty-four articles were identified which met the inclusion criteria. Following exclusions, 11 full-text studies were reviewed which reported direct measure of patella height. Nine studies reported the use of PTI. Two low power studies described PTI in normal healthy asymptomatic knee. Similarly, one study evaluated the effect of flexion and weight bearing on PTI values. The cutoff values varied between studies from <0.125 to <0.28 for patella alta and >0.50 to >0.80 for patella baja. This review found that currently, there are a very few studies on the assessment of PTI on MRI scan, with only two low powered studies on a true normal population. In view of this, there is a need for adequately powered studies to investigate patella height and PTI in asymptomatic healthy knees.