bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Relative Contributions of Solubility and Mobility to the Stability of Amorphous Solid Dispersions of Poorly Soluble Drugs: A Molecular Dynamics Simulation Study
Authors: Brunsteiner Michael , Khinast Johannes , Paudel Amrit
Published: June 2018

Amorphous solid dispersions are considered a promising formulation strategy for the oral delivery of poorly soluble drugs. The limiting factor for the applicability of this approach is the physical (in)stability of the amorphous phase in solid samples. Minimizing the risk of reduced shelf life for a new drug by establishing a suitable excipient/polymer-type from first principles would be desirable to accelerate formulation development. Here we perform Molecular Dynamics simulations to determine properties of blends of eight different polymer-small molecule drug combinations for which stability data is available from a consistent set of literature data. We calculate thermodynamic factors (mixing energies) as well as mobilities (diffusion rates and roto-vibrational fluctuations). We find that either of the two factors, mobility and energetics, can determine the relative stability of the amorphous form for a given drug. Which factor is rate limiting depends on physico-chemical properties of the drug and the excipients/polymers. The methods outlined here can be readily employed for an in-silico pre-screening of different excipients for a given drug to establish a qualitative ranking of the expected relative stabilities, thereby accelerating and streamlining formulation development.
Comparison of a Static Membrane Bioreactor Fouling Model for Wastewater Treatment with an Innovative Rotational Membrane Bioreactor Model with the Rotational Function Switched Off
Authors: Paul Parneet , Jones Franck
Published: June 2018

Fouling by activated sludge in membrane bioreactor (MBR) processes for wastewater treatment can be reduced using several strategies such as backflushing, relaxation, and chemical cleaning. Some proprietary systems such as Avanti’s RPU-185 Flexidisks MBR use novel circular rotating, flat sheet membranes to assist in limiting this fouling. An attempt has already been made to model this novel rotating fouling process by developing a simulation model based on first principles and traditional fouling mechanisms. In order to directly compare the potential benefits of rotational MBR system, a follow-up study was carried out using Avanti’s newly developed static (non-rotating) Flexidisks MBR system. This new process uses the same proprietary and patented membrane modular arrangement as used in the circular rotational unit, but is configured instead as a static square-shaped unit which is in-line with the more traditional and popular format used for submerged flat sheet MBR systems. During this study, the results from operating the static pilot unit were simulated and modelled using a standard fouling model coupled with a viscosity to mixed liquor relationship model. These results were then compared with those obtained from running the rotating MBR model however with rotational switching functions turned off and rotational parameters set to a static mode. This comparison was done to ascertain whether the basic premise of the developed rotational model was sound in empirical terms when compared to a standard MBR flux model. The study concluded that relatively good agreement was reached between the two types of models, thus vindicating the usage of a complex rotational MBR model. Follow on studies will now compare results from the rotating MBR system using rotational models developed by other researchers to ascertain the effectiveness rotating MBR modelling approach.
WAYS TO OPTIMIZE DETECTION OF TUBERCULOSIS IN A PULMONOLOGY UNIT
Authors: Borodulina E. A. , Inkova A. T. , Borodulin B. E. , Povalyaeva L. V.
Published: June 2018

The objective: to optimize detection of tuberculosis in a pulmonology unit.

Subjects and methods.In a pulmonology unit, patients suspected of having tuberculosis had a minimum number of diagnostic tests: a skin test with tuberculous recombinant allergen, three consecutive Ziel-Nelson microscopies of sputum and fluids of bronchoalveolar lavage, and in the laboratory of TB services they performed GeneXpert MTB/RIF, Bactec MGIT. Results of the diagnostics were analyzed in 70 patients with etiologic confirmation of diagnosis.

Results.A targeted inquiry and taking the patient's history were informative in 4% of cases, skin test with TRA – in 27.1%, GeneXpert MTB/RIF – в in 100%, and Bactec MGIT – in 97.1%. Introduction of express diagnostic methods to a pulmonology unit reduced the average number of bed-days from admission to diagnostics of tuberculosis and transfer to a TB in-patient unit down to 9.80 ± 4.72 days. Molecular genetic methods can be recommended for introduction to general medical services as a diagnostic minimum when examining patients with a high risk of tuberculosis.
EFFICIENCY AND SAFETY OF ROBOT-ASSISTED THORACOSCOPIC LOBECTOMIES WHEN MANAGING PULMONARYTUBERCULOSIS
Authors: Yablonsky P. K. , Kudryashov G. G. , Vasilyev I. V. , Avetisyan A. O. , Ushkov A. D. , Sokolova O. P.
Published: June 2018

Currently, there are no doubts about the relevance of surgery as a part of integral treatment. However, minimally invasive surgeries for treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis are rarely used due to post-inflammatory changes in the pleural space and lung root. And outcomes of robot-assisted lobectomies in pulmonary tuberculosis patients have never been investigated.

The objective of the study: to investigate the efficiency and safety of robot-assisted surgeries in pulmonary tuberculosis patients.

Subjects and methods.Since May 2013, 56 patients suffering from focal unilateral pulmonary tuberculosis were enrolled into a prospective study, after having an adequate course of anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy. At the moment of surgery, bacillary excretion persisted in 32% of patients, and 90.5% of patients had cavities.

Results.All patients had robot-assisted lobectomies using the surgical system of Da Vinci Si. The average time of surgery made 174 minutes (90-380 minutes), the blood loss made 82 ml (10-500 ml). In 2 (3%) patients, a robot-assisted access was converted into lateral thoracotomy. The frequency of post-operative surgical complications made 25% [6].

Conclusion.High clinical efficiency and safety are associated with robot-assisted lobectomies as a part of the integral treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis patients.
USING GENETIC MARKERS FOR PREDICTION OF ACTIVE TUBERCULOSIS IN HIV PATIENTS
Authors: Kulabukhova E. I. , Mironov K. O. , Dunaeva E. A. , Kravchenko A. V. , Zimina V. N. , Kireev D. E.
Published: June 2018

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Yield monitor data: Collection, management, and usage
Authors: Fulton John , Hawkins Elizabeth , Taylor Randy , Franzen Aaron
Published: June 2018

Yield monitors provide information that is valuable for a multitude of management purposes, including estimating the amount of nutrients removed by the harvested crop, estimating profitability, developing management zones, and analyzing impacts of treatments used in on‐farm studies. However, proper yield monitor calibration and maintenance is necessary to ensure that production and farm business assessments based on yield data are accurate and reliable. This article provides guidance on preparing to harvest a field, improving accuracy, cleaning and identifying potential errors in yield monitor data, and using the data to improve field understanding. Earn 1 CEU in Crop Management by reading this article and taking the quiz at www.certifiedcropadviser.org/education/classroom/classes/598.
Molecular Characterization of Mung Bean Germplasm from the USDA Core Collection Using Newly Developed KASP‐based SNP Markers
Authors: Islam A. S. M. Faridul , Blair Matthew W.
Published: June 2018

Mung bean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] is an important, nutritious legume food crop for tropical and subtropical countries with high value in Asia and worldwide potential. However, the genetic improvement of mung bean is slowed by low polymorphism of previous molecular markers, even microsatellites. The goals of this study were to develop Kompetitive Allele Specific Polymerase Chain Reaction (KASP)‐based single‐nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers and use them for characterization of 94 cultivated mung bean genotypes from the USDA originating in 27 countries across 10 regions of the world, all being cultivars rather than wild accessions. We targeted 42 SNPs from previous sequencing and converted them into 20 robust KASP assays. Of these, 18 were polymorphic among the mung bean cultivars, with 38 alleles total and 1.9 alleles per locus average. The polymorphism information content of the newly developed markers ranged from zero for monomorphic markers to 0.375 for the most diverse biallelic polymorphic marker (MBkSNP_39) and averaged 0.250 across all loci. Population structure analysis grouped 90% of the accessions into two subpopulations, with 10% belonging to an admixture group, but did not follow geographic origins of the germplasm, suggesting no clear center of origin and blending of the subpopulations. An analysis of molecular variance revealed 22% of genetic variation among subpopulations and 78% within subpopulations. The first two axes of region‐wide principle coordinate analysis explained 81.26% variation of total variation, indicating the existence of genetic diversity among groups. The SNP markers of this study can be used in molecular breeding of mung bean and are the first to work with KASP detection.
Effects of Rainfall on Driver Behaviour and Gap Acceptance at Multilane Roundabouts
Authors: Ibijola Stephen , Ben-Edigbe Johnnie
Published: June 2018

Background:

This paper filled an important gap in the behaviour of driver and gap acceptance model at multilane roundabouts by investigating their traffic performances during rainfall.

Introduction:

The study carried out an investigation into the impact of rainfall on driver’s behavioural changes and gap acceptance characteristics. Follow-up time headway and gap time were used as proxies.

Methodology:

Traffic volume, speed, vehicle type and headway data were collected at selected multilane roundabouts in Durban, South Africa. All surveyed roundabouts are within rain gauge catchment area of about 1km. Rainfall intensity was divided into three groups (light, moderate, and heavy). Dry weather data were used as control parameters.

Data Analysis:

Stepwise data analytical technique was used for ease of explanation and clarity. All model equations were tested for statistical fitness and deemed satisfactory for further analysis.

Conclusion:

Based on the synthesis of evidence obtained from driver’s behavioural changes and gap acceptance characteristics at multilane roundabouts, the paper concluded that it is correct to suggest that rainfall would have a profound effect on follow-up time headway and critical gap acceptance. However, the effect diminishes gradually as volume to capacity ratio approaches peak traffic operation. Once the threshold value of 0.85 is reached the diminishing effect of rainfall as the sole actuator of anomalous time headway increase is noticeable.
Is it Heuristics in Use or ‘Ritualistic and Instrumentalist’ in Purpose? Neoliberal Philosophy and the Use of KAPS (Knowledge, Attitude and Practise Surveys) in a Least Developed Nation
Authors: Chakravartty Avaniendra
Published: June 2018

Background:

Isms affect the way we think, define, approach and seek to understand and solve any particular issue or condition. The particular ism that prevails currently has been labeled as neoliberalism. Here the ways that researchers use KAPS for various health issues or conditions and the extent to which it is connected to the existing reality along with its pragmatic utility are assessed. Based on how heuristics is conceptualized the use of KAPs is heuristics in use. The primary task of this article embarks is on determining whether the researches using KAPS has any heuristic purpose or is it just fulfilling some self- centered ritualistic and instrumentalist objective. The focus here is on Nepal but that does not mean that the arguments made here is not applicable to other nations that have similar socio-economic conditions.

Methods/ Findings:

The data selected here are researches done by an epistemic community presented in two national conferences. The methodology followed is based on dialectical reflexivity and the approach adopted is auto-ethnographic. The dominance of procrustean, atomistic, dehistoricized, reductionist and individualist philosophy that deemphasizes structural relations is seen. The incorporation of neoliberal values has created a trend where researches seem to solely serve ritualistic and instrumentalist purpose.
Modeling Techniques for Prediction of Safe Cooking Times of Mechanically Tenderized Beef Steaks
Authors: Saha Joyjit , Jadeja Ravi , Mafi Gretchen G. , Nelson Jacob , Ramanathan Ranjith , Jaroni Divya
Published: June 2018

Microbial safety issues related to mechanically tenderized beef have become prevalent, resulting in new labeling regulations for mechanically tenderized raw or partially cooked beef products. These products must bear labels to include validated cooking instructions, with specifications for minimum internal temperatures, to ensure that they are fully cooked. However, validation of cooking instructions for individual steak cuts of different sizes and weights is costly and time consuming. The objective of this study was to utilize predictive modeling techniques to determine safe cooking times for various mechanically tenderized steaks, cooked to an internal temperature of 70 to 71°C. A total of 162 steaks of various types (top round, knuckle, strip loin, top sirloin, sirloin cap, tri-tip, ribeye, flap, and flank), thicknesses (1.27, 2.54, and 3.81 cm), and weights (113 to 567 g) were used. Prior to cooking, samples were needle-tenderized, cut, vacuum-packaged, and refrigerated. Steak dimensions (width, thickness, and length) were measured prior to each cooking experiment. Samples were cooked on a flat-top-grill until they reached an internal temperature of 70 to 71°C, and the time taken to reach that temperature was defined as the Experimental Safe Cooking Time (ESCT). A thermocouple, attached to a data logger, recorded the steak-center temperature every 10 s. The time-temperature profiles obtained were used to determine the rate of temperature increase (RTI). Data generated through the experiments was used for model development and determination of predicted safe cooking time (PSCT) for steaks. The thickness, weight, and RTI of the steaks were identified as factors that had a 60% or higher correlation with the ESCT. Prediction accuracy of the regression model was 79%, with no significant differences (P < 0.01) between the ESCT and PSCT. This approach could help the meat industry formulate safe cooking times of various steak cuts, without repeating costly validation studies.
Construction of subsets of bent functions satisfying restrictions in the Reed-Muller domain
Authors: Radmanovic Milos , Stankovic Radomir
Published: June 2018

Bent functions are Boolean functions with highest nonlinearity which makes them
interesting for cryptography. Determination of bent functions is an
important but hard problem, since the general structure of bent functions is
still unknown. Various constructions methods for bent functions are based on
certain deterministic procedures, which might result in some regularity that
is a feature undesired for applications in cryptography. Random generation
of bent functions is an alternative, however, the search space is very large
and the related procedures are time consuming. A solution is to restrict the
search space by imposing some conditions that should be satisfied by the
produced bent functions. In this paper, we propose three ways of imposing
such restrictions to construct subsets of Boolean functions within which the
bent functions are searched. We estimate experimentally the number of bent
functions in the corresponding subsets of Boolean functions.
Impact of channel engineering (Si1-0.25Ge0.25) technique on GM(transconductance) and its higher order derivatives of 3D conventional and wavy Junctionless FinFETs (JLT)
Authors: Vandana B. , Kumar Das , Mohapatra Sushanta , Lata Tripathi
Published: June 2018

The paper explores the analog analysis and higher order derivatives of drain
current (ID) at gate source voltage (VGS), by introducing channel
engineering technique of 3D conventional and Wavy Junctionless FinFETs (JLT)
as silicon germanium (Si1-0.25Ge0.25) device layer. In view of this, the
performances are carried out for different gate length (LG) values (15-30
nm) and current characteristics determined by maintaining constant ON
current (ION 10-5) (A/?m) for both devices. With respect to this, a
comparison has been made between these MOS structures at molefraction x =
0.25 and it was found that the electric field is perpendicular to the
current flow which induces volume inversion approach. Accordingly, for the
simulation study better channel controllability over the gate is observed
for Wavy structures and high ID induces as the LG scales down. With respect
to this the constant ION determine ID, transconductance (gm),
transconductance generation factor (TGF) and its higher order terms (g\m,
and g\\m) of the devices are studied with relaxed SiGe approximation. The
extensive simulation study on short channel (SC) parameters are also
performed and it is observed that the Wavy JL FinFET shows less sensitivity
towards short channel effects (SCEs) over conventional one, therefore the
dependency of N-type doping concentration (ND = 1.7x1019 cm-3) and metal
workfunction (?M = 4.6 eV) are responsible to achieving reduced SCEs.
Vision inspection and monitoring of wind turbine farms in emerging smart grids
Authors: Bahaghighat Mahdi , Motamedi Seyed
Published: June 2018

Todays, Smart Grids as the goal of next generation power grid system span
wide and new aspects of power generation from distributed and bulk power
generators to the end-user utilities. There are many advantages to develop
these complex and multilayer system of systems such as increasing agility,
reliability, efficiency, privacy, security for both Energy and ICT sections
in smart grid architecture. In emerging smart grids, the communication
infrastructures play main role in grid development and as a result
multimedia applications are more practical for the future power systems. In
this work, we introduce our method for monitoring and inspection of Wind
Turbine (WT) farms in smart grids. In our proposed system, a thermal vision
camera is embedded on a wireless sensor node for each WT to capture
appropriate images and send video streams to the coordinator. It gets video
frames to perform machine Vision Inspection (VI) and monitoring purposes. In
our constructed model, turbine blade velocity estimation is targeted by
detecting two important landmarks in the image that are named hub and blade.
By tracking the blade in the consecutive frames and based on proposed
scoring function, we can estimate the velocity of the turbine blade.
Obtained results clearly indicate that accurate hub and blade positions
extraction lead to error free estimation of turbine blade velocity.
Spectrochemical determination of lead in wines
Authors: Tripkovic Mirjana , Todorovic Marija , Holclajtner-Antunovic Ivanka , Razic Slavica , Kandic Aleksandra , Markovic Dragan
Published: June 2018

The determination of lead in wines of different origin was performed by means
of atomic emission spectroscopy with argon stabilized DC. U-shaped arc and
electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry. The comparison of the results
obtained by the direct and standard addition method has indicated the
presence of a depressive effect of the complex organic matrix. The effect is
avoided successfully by mineralization, as well as by dissolution of the
samples. Thus, a relative simple but precise and sensitive method involving
the application of a stabilized arc and photoelectric detection with time
integration of the emission signals is recommended for the determination of
low concentrations of lead in wines. The complex organic matrix was
investigated by recording the IR spectra of different wine fractions.
Simultaneous determination of compounds in Septalen® pellets by derivative spectrophotometry
Authors: Medenica Mirjana , Ivanovic Darko , Malenovic Andjelija
Published: June 2018

In this paper, a second-derivative spectrophotometric method of assaying
Septalen ? pellets (Krka, Novo Mesto, Slovenia), which contain lidocaine 1
mg, and cetrimoniumbromide 2mg, is described. Lidocaine,
2-(diethylamino)-N-(2,6-dimethyl- phenyl)-acetamide, is a local anesthetic
with pronounced antiarhythmic and anticonvulsant properties.
Cetrimoniumbromide, N,N,N-trimethyl-l-hexadecanaminium bromide, is a topical
antiseptic and cleansing agent. Lidocaine was determined at 250 nm using the
"zero crossing" technique because the signals of centrimonium bromide and the
colour ingredient are zero at this wavelength. Cetrimonium bromide was
determined by correction of the peak amplitude at 215 nm according to
lidocaine. In choosing the optimal magnitudes for the simultaneous
determination of both drugs, the following criteria were considered: (1) the
linearity of the calibration graphs as given by the correlation coefficients,
(2) the intercept, (3) the sensitivity as given by the regression
coefficient, (4) the degree of interference in the derivative measurement by
the presence of the other compound, as given by the relative percent error
and by the relative recovery, and (5) the reproducibility, as given by the
coefficient of variation, calculated by recording the second-derivative
spectra.
A frequency stabilized waveguide CO2-laser for photoacoustic spectroscopy of gases
Authors: Ostojic Gordana , Radak Bojan , Petkovska Ljubica
Published: June 2018

A theoretical model of a waveguide CO2-laser was made to optimize the
dimensions of the waveguide tube and resonator, i.e., to obtain the best
mode structure while maximizing the output power. The results were used to
design and build the laser itself around a quartz waveguide tube of 25.5 cm
and 3 mm inner diameter. A simple, low-cost, and efficient VMOS based
current stabilization was applied, which stabilized the current to within
?0.5%. The working laser frequency selection and/or frequency stabilization
was controlled by a piezo micro-positioner, which was coupled with an output
power meter via a PC computer and driven by self-made software developed for
the purpose. The experimental test of the laser showed good agreement with
the model.
A spectroscopic investigation of 12-tungstophosphoric acid alkali salts
Authors: Mioc Ubavka , Todorovic Marija , Uskokovic-Markovic Snezana , Nedic Zoran , Bosnjakovic Nada
Published: June 2018

In this paper the latest results of our continuing investigation of
heteropoly acids and their salts are reported. Specially attention was paid
to the influence of cations on the dynamic equilibrium of protonic species,
as well as on the structure of the host lattice itself, i.e., the Keggin
anions. The investigations were done by IR and Raman spectroscopy within
the range of 1200.40 cm-1.
Separation of ions with the same charge to mass ratio from a collision experiment
Authors: Belic Dragoljub , Defrance Pierre
Published: June 2018

Some atomic collision experiments lead to ions having identical q/m ratio, as
well as average velocity, so that standard electric and magnetic analyzers
are not able to identify them separately. This situation occurs, for
instance, in electron interaction with molecular monocations (A2+)
producing A22+ (direct ionization) and A+ (dissociation or dissociative
ionization). Due to the transfer of internal energy to the kinetic energy of
the fragments, they usually have a wider angular and energy distribution in
the laboratory frame, compared to direct ionization. By use of a specially
designed animated crossed beams apparatus, we are able to separate
ionization and dissociation fragments. Here the preliminary results of cross
sections measurements for electron impact on the nitrogen monocation,
producing N22+ and N+ ions, is reported.
The Effect of Shareholder-Level Taxes on Organizational Form and Stock Ownership: Evidence from Equity Carve-Outs of Master Limited Partnerships
Authors: Utke Steven
Published: June 2018

I examine the role of heterogeneous shareholder-level taxes in organizational form decisions and in subsequent changes in investor stock ownership. Specifically, I investigate the decision to form a master limited partnership (MLP), which is a tax-advantaged entity for tax-sensitive shareholders, but a tax-disadvantaged entity for tax-exempt shareholders. Consistent with shareholder-level taxes influencing organizational form decisions, I find that firms owned by more tax-exempt shareholders are less likely to carve-out MLPs. Consistent with shareholder-level taxes influencing stock ownership, I find that tax-sensitive investors, on average, decrease their ownership in the parent and hold a relatively larger ownership share in the MLP than in the parent after the carve-out. In contrast, tax-exempt investors own less of the MLP than of the parent. These results provide evidence that firms cater to investors' shareholder-level taxes in making organizational form decisions and that investors sort on tax characteristics inherent to organizational form.

JEL Classifications: G32; H24; H25.

Data Availability: Data used in this study are available from public sources identified in the paper.
Investor Reaction to Auditors' Going Concern Emphasis of Matter: Evidence from a Natural Experiment
Authors: Bédard Jean , Brousseau Carl , Vanstraelen Ann
Published: June 2018

Using a “natural experiment” provided by a change in Canadian auditing standards requiring an emphasis of matter paragraph in the auditor's report (GC-EOM) when the financial statements include a going concern uncertainty disclosure (GC-FS), this paper examines the incremental investor reaction to the auditor's report over the related GC-FS. Conditioning on the linguistic severity of the GC-FS (weak and severe), we first document a negative price response to severe but not to weak GC-FS before the regulatory change. This implies that investors react to financial statement disclosures and account for their degree of interpretability in the absence of a GC-EOM. When the uncertainty disclosure is accompanied by a GC-EOM, we find incremental negative abnormal returns and lower abnormal trading volume only for weak GC-FS. Collectively, these findings imply that an emphasis of matter paragraph in the auditor's report can have incremental value to investors.

JEL Classifications: M42; G12; G14.

Data Availability: Data used are available from public sources identified in the study.
Dietary Patterns Over Time and Microalbuminuria in Youth and Young Adults With Type 1 Diabetes: The SEARCH Nutrition Ancillary Study
Authors: Costacou Tina , Crandell Jamie , Kahkoska Anna R. , Liese Angela D. , Dabelea Dana , Lawrence Jean M. , Pettitt David J. , Reynolds Kristi , Mayer-Davis Elizabeth J. , Mottl Amy K.
Published: June 2018

OBJECTIVE

We assessed the association between diet quality and microalbuminuria in youth-onset type 1 diabetes using three indices: a modified Mediterranean diet score for children and adolescents (mKIDMED), the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH), and the Healthy Eating Index-2010 (HEI).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

Youth and young adults from the SEARCH (SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth) Nutrition Ancillary Study (SNAS) diagnosed with type 1 diabetes in 2002–2008, who had repeated dietary assessments at baseline and follow-up visits and urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) measured at the outcome visit (2012–2015) (n = 461), were selected for study. Regression models estimated the association between each longitudinally assessed diet score and UACR and microalbuminuria (UACR ≥30 μg/mg).

RESULTS

The cohort was 43% female, and at follow-up, mean age was 20 years, disease duration was 108 months, and 7% had microalbuminuria. Adherence to a higher-quality diet was low for the mKIDMED (mean 3.7 of a possible range of −3 to 12) and the DASH (mean 42 of 80) and better, for the HEI (mean 56.3 of 100). A borderline inverse association was observed between the HEI score and microalbuminuria after adjustment for caloric and protein intake and demographic and disease factors (odds ratio [OR]HEI 0.83, P = 0.07), which lost significance with further adjustment for HbA1c and systolic blood pressure (ORHEI 0.86, P = 0.19). Results were similar for continuous UACR. No significant associations were observed for diet quality characterized by the mKIDMED or DASH indices.

CONCLUSIONS

Greater adherence to the HEI may be beneficial for kidney health in youth and young adults with type 1 diabetes. Low adherence to the mKIDMED and DASH diets may explain the lack of association with microalbuminuria.
Influence of surface oxide on mechanical properties of laser-welded hot-press-forming steel with strength of 1.8 GPa
Authors: Kang Minjung , Kim Cheolhee
Published: June 2018

The hot-press-forming (HPF) steel has been proposed to overcome the insufficient formability of the GPa-grade high-strength steel. During the HPF process, a steel sheet is heated over a full austenitization (Ac3) temperature and thick oxidation scales are formed on the surface unless it is protected with an appropriate coating layer. In this study, the laser weldability of 1.8-GPa-grade HPF steel was investigated, and the effect of oxidation scales on the sheets was examined. Bead-on-plate welding and overlap welding were conducted on the 1.8-GPa HPF steel sheets with the oxidized surface layer. The oxide was diluted into the weld metal, which changed the microstructure of the weld metal and had a detrimental effect on the mechanical properties. The oxide layer on the sheet should be removed prior to welding so as to improve the weld strength.
Dimensionality Reduction Using Latent Variable across the Domains in Recommender System
Authors: Valliyammai C. , M Nanthini , S Ephina Thendral
Published: June 2018

Dimensionality reduction plays an important role in big data analytics and machine learning for the past decades. While exploring the large volumes of data, it is necessary to perform the larger computation. In order to overcome this, a novel latent variable based dimensionality reduction across the domains in Recommender System (RS) is proposed. Firstly, we define the latent class corresponding to the attributes from two domains and user profiles. Then many-to-one mapping of attributes to a latent class variable is achieved. Finally, the entire data variables are reduced to five latent class variables and sharing the knowledge across the domains. The overall dimensionality reduction is very useful for easy processing of data and reducing the processing time in various applications. Compared with the traditional dimensionality reduction method, the proposed method discovers the hidden variable from the observed variable without any loss of information.
RELACIÓN DE OCLUSIÓN TRANSVERSAL, PREFERENCIA MASTICATORIA Y ANATOMÍA MANDIBULAR EN PACIENTES CON HENDIDURA
Authors: Gómez Juan Pablo , Abello Ángela María , Rojas Sandra Milena
Published: June 2018

Objetivo. Describir la maloclusión transversal en pacientes con fisura completa labiopalatina unilateral, considerando su extensión, su relación con la preferencia masticatoria  y con  el desarrollo de las estructuras óseas mandibulares. Método. Este estudio descriptivo consideró una muestra por conveniencia de 27 pacientes. La relación entre mordida cruzada posterior unilateral y preferencia masticatoria se evaluó con el protocolo de Piancino. La anatomía mandibular se evaluó utilizando una escala desarrollada por Gómez et al. Las características transversales de la oclusión se determinaron según la extensión de la mordida cruzada posterior unilateral Se aplicaron pruebas de signifcancia de Chi2 entre las variables categóricas y prueba  no parámétrica de Wilcoxon para las variables continuas. Resultados. Veinticuatro pacientes presentaron mordida cruzada posterior, coincidiendo en 24 de ellos el lado de la fisura con el lado de mordida cruzada. En el lado fisurado, la mordida cruzada predominante no incluía el primer molar permanente y en el lado sin fisura predomino la ausencia de mordida cruzada. La preferencia masticatoria sólo tuvo relación con el lado de la mordida cruzada. La simetría ósea mandibular de la muestra fue del 48% y la asimetría del 52%, relacionada ésta última en algunas medidas con el lado de la fisura y de la mordida cruzada. Conclusión. Los pacientes con fisura completa de labio y paladar unilateral presentan con frecuencia maloclusiones transversales con características que difieren de las que afectan a los pacientes sin este tipo de anomalía craneofacial.
Independent sets of axioms for boolean algebras
Authors: ÖNER Tahsin
Published: June 2018

In this work, we review axiomatic systems and prove some of the equivalent axiomatizations of Boolean algebras.  Also we prove the independence of three axioms, proposed by Huntington and then by Robbins, which form a minimal set of axioms for Boolean algebras.
Этническое предпринимательство без миграции (на примерах из Тувы и Калмыкии)
Authors: Tyukhtenyeva Svetlana P.
Published: June 2018

В статье анализируются два примера современного этнического предпринимательства без миграции, которые наблюдаются в регионах России. Представлены деятельность Кимы и Вячеслава Донгак из Тувы, Баирты Тостаевой из Калмыкии. Их проекты построены на использовании наиболее узнаваемых элементов традиционной этнической культуры и направлены на удовлетворение специфических потребностей местного сообщества, но не ограничивается только локальными клиентами. В качестве материала исследования выступили материалы авторских наблюдений, интервью с предпринимателями, а также сообщений в СМИ, сайтов проектов.Одним из наиболее успешных примеров такого рода предпринимательства в Сибири представляется деятельность В. и К. Донгаков, создавших с 1990-х годов целую серию проектов этнокультурного содержания и разных форм. Их деятельность показывает желание поддерживать и развивать национальную культуру тувинцев, расширяя поле деятельности и географию проектов (Тува, Калмыкия, Москва, Китай и др.). Это и детский ансамбль танца «Эдегей», и театр моды, и услуги в сфере пошива и изготовления одежды, и этнокультурные комплексы с национальной кухней.Пример Б. Тостаевой из Калмыкии демонстрирует нацеленность на повседневность, в первую очередь, жителей республики. Она также опирается на те же основы традиционной культуры — пищу, одежду и жилище. Делается ставка и на потенциал развиваемого при поддержке республиканских властей событийного туризма. В бизнесе используется и тема этники, и космополитичная тема.Тувинские и калмыцкие этнические предприниматели находятся в благоприятной социальной среде в сравнении с этническими предпринимателями-мигрантами. Их проекты развиваются в русле не спадающего процесса национального возрождения. Но основная проблема для них заключается в сложной экономической ситуации, характерной для аграрных, животноводческих республик. Большое значение для развития бизнеса имеет личностный фактор, идентичность человека, в котором должен присутствовать целый спектр идентичностей, в том числе этнокультурная, гендерная, локальная, гражданская, которые оказывают значительное влияние на его деятельность. Отмечается стремление этнических предпринимателей к разнообразию, которое ведет к диверсификации их деятельности. Этничность предпринимателя рассматривается как этнический ресурс, поскольку повышает конкурентоспособность бизнеса.
Besi Sığırı Rasyonlarında Tamamlayıcı Yem Olarak Farklı Şekillerde İşlenmiş Arpa ve Mısır Kullanımının Performans, Bazı Biyokimyasal Parametreler ile Serum Laktat ve Bikarbonat Düzeyi Üzerine Etkileri
Authors: TOPRAK Neşe Nuray , YAVAŞ İsmail , BİLGEL Canberk
Published: June 2018

Araştırma,
besi sığırı rasyonlarına tamamlayıcı yem olarak ilave edilen arpa (öğütülmüş)
ve farklı işlemlerden geçirilmiş mısırın (öğütülmüş, peletlenmiş ve flake)
canlı ağırlık artışı, yem tüketimi, yemden yararlanma oranı, bazı biyokimyasal
parametreler ile serum laktat ve bikarbonat seviyeleri üzerine etkilerinin
belirlenmesi amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Araştırmada 13-14 aylık yaşta ve ortalama
324.9±1.36 kg canlı ağırlıkta, 20 adet Holştayn x Montofon melezi besi sığırı 4
gruba eşit olarak dağıtılmıştır. Deneme grupları, bazal rasyonlara metabolik
enerji içeriği eşit olacak şekilde öğütülmüş arpa, öğütülmüş mısır, pelet mısır
ve flake mısır ilave edilerek oluşturulmuştur. Araştırma sonunda performans
verileri, kan parametreleri ve serum laktat ve bikarbonat düzeyleri bakımından
gruplar arasında farklılık istatistiki olarak önemli bulunmamıştır (P>0.05).
Ekonomik olması durumunda farklı işlemlerden geçirilmiş mısırın besi büyütme
dönemi rasyonlarında tamamlayıcı yem olarak kullanılabileceği sonucuna varılmıştır.
The Research-Data-Centre in Research-Data-Centre Approach: A First Step Towards Decentralised International Data Sharing
Authors: Bender Stefam , Heining Jorg
Published: June 2018

The Research-Data-Centre in Research-Data-Centre Approach: A First Step Towards Decentralised International Data Sharing
Mapping the General Social Survey to the Generic Statistical Business Process Model: NORC's Experience
Authors: Ausborn Scot , Rotondo Julia , Mulcahy Tim
Published: June 2018

Mapping the General Social Survey to the Generic Statistical Business Process Model: NORC's Experience
Design Considerations for DDI-Based Data Systems
Authors: Amin Alerk , Barkow Ingo , Kramer Stefan , Schiller David , Williams Jeremy
Published: June 2018

Design Considerations for DDI-Based Data Systems
Protocol Development for Large-Scale Metadata Archiving using DDI-Lifecycle
Authors: Poynter William , Spiegel Jennifer
Published: June 2018

Protocol Development for Large-Scale Metadata Archiving using DDI-Lifecycle
Exploring Qualitative Longitudinal Research and Qualitative Resources: The Lithuanian Case
Authors: Butviliene Jurate , Butvilas Tomas
Published: June 2018

Exploring Qualitative Longitudinal Research and Qualitative Resources: The Lithuanian Case
Beyond Bits and Bytes: The organizational dimension of digital preservation (Guest Editor's Notes)
Authors: Recker Astrid , Schumann Natascha
Published: June 2018

Beyond Bits and Bytes: The organizational dimension of digital preservation (Guest Editor's Notes)
Building the DDI
Authors: Green Ann E. , Humphrey Chuck
Published: June 2018

Building the DDI
The DDI Matures: 1997 to the Present
Authors: Vardigan Mary
Published: June 2018

The DDI Matures: 1997 to the Present
First Forays into Research Data Dissemination: A Tale from the Kansas City Fed
Authors: Cannon San , Pan Deng
Published: June 2018

First Forays into Research Data Dissemination: A Tale from the Kansas City Fed
Differences among Faculty Ranks in Views on Research Data Management
Authors: Akers Katherine G. , Doty Jennifer
Published: June 2018

Differences among Faculty Ranks in Views on Research Data Management
Linking Thesauri - ELSST as a Hub for Social Science Data Terms
Authors: Balkan Lorna , Bell Lucy
Published: June 2018

Linking Thesauri - ELSST as a Hub for Social Science Data Terms
Bridging the Business Data Divide: Insights into Primary and Secondary Data Use by Business Researchers
Authors: Lowry Linda
Published: June 2018

Bridging the Business Data Divide: Insights into Primary and Secondary Data Use by Business Researchers
Modelling a Possibility Framework of a Smart Self Sustainable Hybrid Power Generation System for a Typical Residential Loading
Authors: OLADEJİ İfedayo , OYİNLOLA Aminat
Published: June 2018

Generation of electricity using fossil fuels
could be regarded as the greatest invention of mankind. However, with the
depletion of this resource and also due to the effect of burning fossil fuels
on the environment, it is imperative to find an alternative to generating
electricity for local consumption using non-fossil fuel methods. In the bid to
key into the global idea of power generation decarburization and also smart
distribution system through the internet of things (IOT), this paper presents
an active redundancy possibility framework for generating constant electricity
from the motor-generator (M-G) and the battery-inverter (B-I) systems. The
specifications of each component can be obtained from design models presented
in this paper. The functionality of the system is achieved through the smart
home distribution hub (SHDH). Each unit are modeled and simulated to obtain the
transfer functions. The result of the residential loading is presented. The
simulation results show that the system is achievable and also stable under
circumstances which are being monitored and controlled by the smart hub. The
framework presented in this paper has proved to be a viable and smart
alternative source of electric energy for residential loading.
BİR KIRMA ELEME TESİSİNİN PERFORMANSININ DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ VE OPTİMİZASYONU
Authors: Özcan Özgür , Toprak Nurettin Alper
Published: June 2018

Bu çalışmada, Türkiye’de yer alan bir kırma eleme devresinde performans değerlendirme veoptimizasyona yönelik detaylı örnekleme çalışmaları yürütülmüştür. Performans değerlendirmeçalışmalarının sonuçlarına göre devrede yer alan dik milli darbeli kırıcı ortalama boyut indirgemedeğerlerinde çalışmaktadır. Ancak, devrede yer alan konik kırıcının indirgeme oranı düşüktür.Kapalı ağız açıklığının düşürülmesi konik kırıcı indirgeme oranını arttırmaktadır. Elek verimleri iseüzerine gelen malzeme miktarı arttıkça düşmektedir. Bu çalışmanın ardından devrede yer alantüm ekipmanlar uygun model yapıları ile ayrı ayrı modellenmiştir. Model sonucu elde edilen tonajve tane boyu dağılımları madde denkliği sonuçları ile çok yakındır. Modelleme çalışmalarınınardından iki farklı simülasyon çalışması yürütülmüştür. İlk çalışmanın sonuçları konik kırıcı kapalıağız açıklığının düşürülmesinin hem konik kırıcı indirgeme oranının hem de konik kırıcı elekgrubu performansını arttırdığını göstermiştir. İkinci çalışmanın sonucunda ise devrede yer alanince elek açıklıklarının 5 mm’den 6 mm’ye çıkarılması sonucunda ürün kalitesinde herhangi birbozulma olmadan tesis kapasitesinin %15 arttırılabileceğini göstermiştir.
Clinical outcome of infants younger than two months in children ward of a tertiary care hospital, Nepal
Authors: Shah Ganesh , Dharel Dinesh , Shah Anish K , Sapkota Bikal , Bhattarai Asmita
Published: June 2018

Introductions: Newborn and young infants are most vulnerable for preventable deaths, particularly in developing countries. This study was conducted to see the clinical profile and outcome of infants less than two months of age admitted in children ward of Patan Hospital.Methods: This descriptive retrospective study was conducted at Patan Hospital, over 12 months from April 2014 to March 2015. Hospital records of all admitted infants aged less than two months were reviewed. The demographic characteristics, clinical profile and clinical outcome were descriptively analyzed.Results: Out of 2062 admissions in children ward, 614 (29.8%) were infants aged less than two months, out of which 482 were neonates less than 28 days. Among these neonates, 114 were inborn. Out of 436 infections, blood culture was positive in 37 (8.9%). There were 4 (0.04%) deaths, 4 (0.04%) referral and 22 (0.25%) left against medical advice. Infection 436 (436) was the commonest cause of illness, of which neonatal sepsis was 163 (37.4%), pneumonia 130 (30%) staphylococcal skin infection 39 (8.7%) and UTI 34 (7.8%). There were 71 (11.6%) cases of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. Blood culture was positive in 55 (9%) with CONS being the commonest organism isolated; 19 (51.3%).Conclusions: Children ward contributes significantly to the care of sick infants less than two months of age, especially out born ones, requiring neonatal care facility in tertiary level hospital of Nepal. As most admissions are for infection, followed by hyperbilirubinemia, pediatrics wards need to be equipped and staffed accordingly to meet the need of sick young infants.Journal of Patan Academy of Health  Sciences. 2016 Dec;3(2):15-18
Understanding the Education Philosophy and Its Implications
Authors: Lamichhane Chandra Dip
Published: June 2018

Education is the process of facilitating learning, or the acquisition of knowledge, skills, values, beliefs, and habits. Education is the development of all those capabilities in which the individual which is enable him to control his environment and fulfillment his possibilities. It is a process of acquiring new habits, knowledge & skill which together enables learners to do something that he/she could not do before. It is a mental activity by means of which skills, attitude, appreciation and ideas are acquired, resulting in modification of behaviors. The purpose of this article is to discussabout the philosophy, importance and implications of education processin our contemporary environment as well as the world. How the people acquire knowledge, ideas, and skills and utilize to those knowledge and ideas for the development and prosperity of humankind as well as the development of nation and the entire world is the main objective of this article. NCC Journal Vol. 3, No. 1, 2018, Page: 24-29
Corporate Governance and Financial Performance in Nepal
Authors: Lamichhane Pitambar
Published: June 2018

This paper analyzes the factors that affect corporate governance and influence on financial performance of Nepalese firms for theperiod of fiscal year 2009/10 to 2015/16 using descriptive and causal comparative research design. The profit margin and return on assets are dependent variables usedto measure financial performance and corporate governance and firm related variables such as corporate governance index, age of firms, size of assets, debt ratio, market to book ratio and ownership concentration are considered as explanatory variables. The result of this paper reveals thatprofit margin and return on assets of firms are positively related with age, market to book ratio and overall corporate governance index which implies that higher age, market to book ratio and corporate governance increase financial performance of Nepalese firms. Further, the regression result of the study shows that size of assets and debt ratio have negative effect and ownership concentration has no relationship with firms’ financial performance. Finally, result of this paper concludes that corporate governance, market to book value ratio, age, size of assets and debt ratio have strong explaining power of financial performance of Nepalese firms.NCC JournalVol. 3, No. 1, 2018, Page: 108-120
Service Quality and Customer Satisfaction: Evidence of Nepalese Banks
Authors: Shrestha Prakash
Published: June 2018

Present research has been conducted to examine the customer satisfaction on service quality of selected commercial banks of Nepal. The study has employed descriptive research design and quantitative study by using survey methodology to deal with customer satisfaction in the context of Nepalese commercial banks. In this study, the data collected through questionnaire from 65 respondents (out of 100 customers of commercial banks) has been used for analysis. A detail study has been done on the basis of five dimensions as suggested by Parasuraman, Zeithamal and Berry (1988). They are reliability, responsiveness, assurance, empathy and tangibles. The result of the study indicated that the overall customers are satisfied with service quality of the commercial banks. Hence the level of customer satisfaction of the commercial banks on the basis of service quality can be considered satisfactory.NCC JournalVol. 3, No. 1, 2018, Page: 121-133