bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Extrema derecha europea en Twitter. Análisis de la estrategia comunicativa de Vox y Lega durante las elecciones europeas de 2014 y 2019
Authors: Tuñón-Navarro Jorge , Bouzas-Blanco Andrea
Published: January 2023

Durante los últimos tres lustros, la imagen de la Unión Europea (UE) se ha visto fuertemente debilitada. Tras la denominada policrisis - crisis del euro (2008), refugiados (2015) y Brexit (2016) - la organización supranacional se enfrenta al significativo auge de partidos euroescépticos y populistas, predominantemente de derechas, que han surgido en sus países miembro. Entre ellos, Lega en Italia o Vox en España demuestran dicha tendencia al alza a través de los resultados obtenidos tras las campañas electorales europeas de 2014 y, especialmente, de 2019. La finalidad de esta investigación es analizar el plan de comunicación digital de ambos partidos, reflejado en su actividad en las redes sociales, más concretamente en Twitter, durante dichos periodos electorales; en los que han llevado el carácter xenófobo de sus mensajes hacia una aproximación patriótica y nacionalista. Para ello, por medio de una metodología de análisis mixta cuantitativa/cualitativa, se analizarán los 1.111 tweets que la formación italiana y 351 que el partido español (N total de 1.462 tweets) publicaron desde sus respectivas cuentas durante las últimas campañas electorales europeas. Como conclusión, los resultados apuntan: a una profesionalización de los mecanismos comunicativos digitales por parte de ambos partidos de extrema derecha; alcanzando una mayor participación e interacción por parte de sus seguidores, gracias a un mensaje más movilizador/populista que ideológico, desarrollado en una evidente clave nacional; lo que les imposibilita su incorporación a la esfera pública pan-europea
El virus en la pantalla: hábitos de consumo de la audiencia televisiva en España e Italia (2019-2022)
Authors: González-Neira Ana , Quintas-Froufe Natalia , Scaglioni Massimo
Published: January 2023

Los efectos de la pandemia afectan a múltiples facetas de nuestra vida incluidas aquellos relativos a los medios de comunicación. En el ámbito televisivo la pandemia llegó en un momento de gran transformación del sector. Tras más de dos años desde su inicio en esta investigación se presenta un estudio diacrónico, que cubre cuatro años, y comparativo entre Italia y España. Partir de una perspectiva temporal mayor constituye el valor diferencial de esta investigación ya que se propone evaluar qué dinámicas subsistieron o cambiaron tras el confinamiento una vez iniciado el proceso de vuelta a la normalidad. Esta investigación pretende conocer mediante una metodología exploratoria descriptiva de corte cuantitativa el consumo lineal de la televisión por parte de la población de ambos países tratando de identificar los hábitos de la audiencia y las variaciones en los comportamientos de la población respecto al medio televisivo. El análisis realizado nos permite confirmar que el consumo mediático durante la primera fase de la pandemia supuso una excepcionalidad en la evolución de la televisión en ambos países pero no introdujo dinámicas nuevas en los años posteriores sino que potenció tendencias ya existentes.
PROGRAM CALCULATION OF EFFECTIVE CONTACT AND BENDING CRITERIONAL STRESSES OF TEETH OF NOVIKOV GEARING
Authors: Korotkin V. I. , Kolosova E. M.
Published: January 2023

The article presents the full version of the NOVGOST computer program for determining the effective contact and bending phase criterional stresses of Novikov gearing teeth with basic profile according to GOST 15023–76, developed in the system MAPLE 17. The program reproduces the process of real multipoint engagement of Novikov gearing, which takes into account the inevitable errors in the manufacture and assembly of a gear pair, dependent on the assigned degree of accuracy, as well as the rigidity of the teeth themselves and the associated parts of the gearbox – shafts and bearings. The program is based on the results of solving a 3D contact problem to determine the phase dependences of the effective contact and bending stresses, as well as rigidity of teeth from the ends of the teeth, when the contact area is positioned anywhere along the length of the tooth, including the end of gear rim, taking into account the influence of the latter on the listed parameters through the coefficients of influence. With the help of the presented program partial forces in real multipoint engagement are determined, acting on each contact area and, In this way, phase criterional stress are calculated, determining the load-bearing capacity and service life of Novikov՚s gearing. The program laid the opportunity to set the parameter of the longitudinal modification of the teeth, optimal selection of which allows significantly reduce the criterional stress and thereby significantly improve working capacity projected gearing. The program can be very useful for designing and manufacturing in production competitive in the global market gearboxes with high technical economic indicators, equipped with Novikov gearing.
AN APPROACH TO TRANSFORMATION OF KNOWLEDGE BASIC OBJECTS OF TECHNICAL PREPARATION OF PRODUCTION BY CUTTING BY FUNCTIONS OF KNOWLEDGE OF ORGANIZATION OF COMPLEX SYSTEMS
Authors: Kolybenko E. N.
Published: January 2023

Technical: design, technological preparation of production by cutting a large complex system. In order to move this subject area of knowledge to high-level information and deterministic technologies for automating the solution of the problems of practice, first of all, it is necessary to define its own organic knowledge base. In the knowledge base and the conceptual structure, it was necessary to identify the elements of the structure in the entirety of the functionally different basic knowledge objects. In the structure of each basic knowledge object and the knowledge base as a whole, it is necessary to determine its own and the full composition of the main elements of the integration of the technological element base. The integration elements of the process element base are designed to display and transform the structure of basic knowledge objects in the corresponding information models by the functions of solving their possible many design tasks; in order to achieve in the practice of the subject area the main target functions of economic efficiency of decisions taken and unconditional provision of project quality to them. It is fundamentally important that in order to determine the technological element base of the subject area, the organization of each basic knowledge object is necessary according to the functions of classical knowledge of organizing complex systems: quantity, quality, information similarity, dimension. Only in such an organization of the structure of basic knowledge objects, information automated technologies for solving design problems on their possible set in the practice of the subject field of knowledge can be provided with continuous flexible algorithms and an integral continuous flexible algorithm, respectively, in the structure of each basic knowledge object and the knowledge base as a whole.
Quo vadis Automation?
Authors: Lüder Arndt , Steininger Heinrich , Goltz Dieter
Published: January 2023

[1] stellt fest, dass der Begriff Industrie 4.0, auch wenn er bereits umfassend als Marketingbegriff missbraucht wird, keine Technologie, kein Produkt und keine Dienstleitung benennt, die man kaufen kann. Es ist eher ein Konzept bzw. eine Vision für die Weiterentwicklung der deutschen Industrie. Dass die Industrie 4.0 insbesondere (aber nicht ausschließlich) ein Themenfeld für die Automatisierungstechnik ist, ist unumstritten. Doch wohin entwickelt sich die Vision Industrie 4.0 und wie und in welcher Reihenfolge müssen Unternehmen aktiv werden, um dieser Vision zu folgen. Hier herrscht auch nach vielen Jahren Forschung, immer noch Unklarheit. Der vorliegende Beitrag versucht, hier ein wenig Licht ins Dunkel zu bringen.
A data-centric approach to anomaly detection in layer-based additive manufacturing
Authors: Zeiser Alexander , Özcan Bekir , Kracke Christoph , van Stein Bas , Bäck Thomas
Published: January 2023

Anomaly detection describes methods of finding abnormal states, instances or data points that differ from a normal value space. Industrial processes are a domain where predicitve models are needed for finding anomalous data instances for quality enhancement. A main challenge, however, is absence of labels in this environment. This paper contributes to a data-centric way of approaching artificial intelligence in industrial production. With a use case from additive manufacturing for automotive components we present a deep-learning-based image processing pipeline. We integrate the concept of domain randomisation and synthetic data in the loop that shows promising results for bridging advances in deep learning and its application to real-world, industrial production processes.
Fast iterative solutions of Riccati and Lyapunov equations
Authors: Assimakis Nicholas , Adam Maria
Published: January 2023

In this article, new iterative algorithms for solving the discrete Riccati and Lyapunov equations are derived in the case where the transition matrix is diagonalizable with real eigenvalues. It is shown that the proposed iterative algorithms are faster than the classical ones, even for a small number of iterations.
Scalable fabrication of self-assembled GeSn vertical nanowires for nanophotonic applications
Authors: Lin Guangyang , An Yuying , Ding Haokun , Zhao Haochen , Wang Jianyuan , Chen Songyan , Li Cheng , Hickey Ryan , Kolodzey James , Zeng Yuping
Published: January 2023

In this work, scalable fabrication of self-assembled GeSn vertical nanowires (NWs) based on rapid thermal annealing (RTA) and inductively coupled-plasma (ICP) dry etching was proposed. After thermal treatment of molecular-beam-epitaxy-grown GeSn, self-assembled Sn nanodots (NDs) were formed on surface and the spontaneous emission from GeSn direct band was enhanced by ∼5-fold. Employing the self-assembled Sn NDs as template, vertical GeSn NWs with a diameter of 25 ± 6 nm and a density of 2.8 × 109 cm−2 were obtained by Cl-based ICP dry etching technique. A prototype GeSn NW photodetector (PD) with rapid switching ability was demonstrated and the optoelectronic performance of Ge NW PD was systematically studied. The GeSn NW PD exhibited an ultralow dark current density of ∼33 nA/cm2 with a responsivity of 0.245 A/W and a high specific detectivity of 2.40 × 1012 cm Hz1/2 W−1 at 1550 nm under −1 V at 77 K. The results prove that this method is prospective for low-cost and scalable fabrication of GeSn NWs, which are promising for near infrared or short wavelength infrared nanophotonic devices.
Ultrafast hot electron dynamics in plasmonic nanostructures: experiments, modelling, design
Authors: Schirato Andrea , Maiuri Margherita , Cerullo Giulio , Della Valle Giuseppe
Published: January 2023

Metallic nanostructures exhibit localized surface plasmons (LSPs), which offer unprecedented opportunities for advanced photonic materials and devices. Following resonant photoexcitation, LSPs quickly dephase, giving rise to a distribution of energetic ‘hot’ electrons in the metal. These out-of-equilibrium carriers undergo ultrafast internal relaxation processes, nowadays pivotal in a variety of applications, from photodetection and sensing to the driving of photochemical reactions and ultrafast all-optical modulation of light. Despite the intense research activity, exploitation of hot carriers for real-world nanophotonic devices remains extremely challenging. This is due to the complexity inherent to hot carrier relaxation phenomena at the nanoscale, involving short-lived out-of-equilibrium electronic states over a very broad range of energies, in interaction with thermal electronic and phononic baths. These issues call for a comprehensive understanding of ultrafast hot electron dynamics in plasmonic nanostructures. This paper aims to review our contribution to the field: starting from the fundamental physics of plasmonic nanostructures, we first describe the experimental techniques used to probe hot electrons; we then introduce a numerical model of ultrafast nanoscale relaxation processes, and present examples in which experiments and modelling are combined, with the aim of designing novel optical functionalities enabled by ultrafast hot-electron dynamics.
Deep reinforcement learning empowers automated inverse design and optimization of photonic crystals for nanoscale laser cavities
Authors: Li Renjie , Zhang Ceyao , Xie Wentao , Gong Yuanhao , Ding Feilong , Dai Hui , Chen Zihan , Yin Feng , Zhang Zhaoyu
Published: January 2023

Photonics inverse design relies on human experts to search for a design topology that satisfies certain optical specifications with their experience and intuitions, which is relatively labor-intensive, slow, and sub-optimal. Machine learning has emerged as a powerful tool to automate this inverse design process. However, supervised or semi-supervised deep learning is unsuitable for this task due to: (1) a severe shortage of available training data due to the high computational complexity of physics-based simulations along with a lack of open-source datasets and/or the need for a pre-trained neural network model; (2) the issue of one-to-many mapping or non-unique solutions; and (3) the inability to perform optimization of the photonic structure beyond inverse designing. Reinforcement Learning (RL) has the potential to overcome the above three challenges. Here, we propose Learning to Design Optical-Resonators (L2DO) to leverage RL that learns to autonomously inverse design nanophotonic laser cavities without any prior knowledge while retrieving unique design solutions. L2DO incorporates two different algorithms – Deep Q-learning and Proximal Policy Optimization. We evaluate L2DO on two laser cavities: a long photonic crystal (PC) nanobeam and a PC nanobeam with an L3 cavity, both popular structures for semiconductor lasers. Trained for less than 152 hours on limited hardware resources, L2DO has improved state-of-the-art results in the literature by over 2 orders of magnitude and obtained 10 times better performance than a human expert working the same task for over a month. L2DO first learned to meet the required maxima of Q-factors (>50 million) and then proceeded to optimize some additional good-to-have features (e.g., resonance frequency, modal volume). Compared with iterative human designs and inverse design via supervised learning, L2DO can achieve over two orders of magnitude higher sample-efficiency without suffering from the three issues above. This work confirms the potential of deep RL algorithms to surpass human designs and marks a solid step towards a fully automated AI framework for photonics inverse design.
The problem of translating Chinese policy-related expressions: a case study of wenming (‘civilised’)
Authors: House Juliane , Kádár Dániel Z. , Liu Fengguang , Han Dan
Published: January 2023

This paper explores the difficulties of translating Chinese expressions frequently used in communicating governmental policies to the public. In particular, we focus on the expression wenming 文明, a term with manifold meanings and uses, which often ends up being translated into English simply as ‘civilised’. This translational convention is problematic because wenming in Chinese tends to be used in many collocations where the English civilised sounds distinctly alien. In order to systematically investigate this translational problem, we propose a bottom-up tri-partite approach to the study of Chinese policy expressions in general and wenming in particular. This novel mixed-method approach not only allows us to go beyond essentialist generalisations about expressions frequented in Chinese political discourse, but more importantly it allows us to unearth and label practical difficulties faced by translators.
Flexible functional composites for athlete health monitoring and auxiliary training applications
Authors: Zuo Zhi-Kai , Xu Zheng , Diao Guo-Yan , Li Ming , Ma Ming-Guo , Shi Zheng-Jun
Published: January 2023

The flexible functional composites have widely potential applications in the fields of athlete health monitoring and auxiliary training. Recently, there are a few reports on various functional composites such as graphene-based composites, MXene-based composites, and polymer-based composites, etc. However, the applications of flexible functional composites for athlete health monitoring and auxiliary training have not widely reviewed yet. This mini-review article summarizes these three types of functional composites for the applications of athlete health monitoring and auxiliary training. The synthetic methods, structures, and properties of functional composites are reviewed via some typical examples. We pay attention to the properties of composites sensor about health-monitoring. Moreover, the directions are suggested based on our knowledge. It demonstrates that these flexible functional composites will display excellent properties and promising applications potential in athlete health monitoring and auxiliary training.
Children on the street: an ethnographic perspective from the sustainability of ethics and values. case punto Fijo, falcon state
Authors: Boscan Fernandez Jairo Enrique , Sánchez Castro Maira Alejandra , Guanipa De Davila Xiomara Emilia
Published: January 2023

The study centers its interest in the understanding of the phenomenon of children in the streets in the Urb. “Las Virtudes”, "Las Virtudes” Recreational Center," Punto Fijo, Falcón State, Venezuela, in correspondence with the training in values ​​​​that from their homes have been obtained, circumstance that, potentially, would cause some type of damage in their physical, moral and psychological integrity. Research is inserted within the interpretive paradigm, with the use of ethnography and hermeneutics as methodical traditions. The informants are four (04) characters linked directly, with the problem addressed, whose identities remain anonymous due to their status as minors. The interview and the Participatory Observation were chosen as techniques for the collection of the information, being the instruments the Open Questionnaire and the Observation Guide. The results indicate that these children go to the area described above, escaping from the reality in their homes; This situation is experienced throughout the country motivated, largely, the lack of responsibility and sense of commitment of parents with their children.
Statistical influence of climate on the population density of culex and coquillettidia mosquitoes
Authors: da Silva Rommel BC , Gonçalves Fábio LT
Published: January 2023

We carried out this study in the area of ​​“Estação Científica Ferreira Penna” (FPSS), located in the Caxiuanã National Forest, in the state of Pará, eastern Amazon. This biome is considered one of the most important ecosystems with the greatest biodiversity of insects and plants on the planet. The climate records were obtained from the INMET meteorological database (BDMet), in addition to information from a microclimatic tower belonging to the Scientific Program “The Large Scale Biosphere-Atmosphere in Amazon Program (LBA)”. Mosquito specimens were sampled during the months of July, September and December 2005 and February and April 2006. During this period,»26,910 specimens were captured using the 'human attractant' method. A total of 59 species in 15 genera were captured and the genera Culex and Coquiilettidia were the focus of this study. The results show a statistical analysis of the impacts of environmental variables on the population density of mosquitoes of the Culex and Coquillettidia genera, emphasizing their eco-physiological behavior. There is a clear positive association between the concentration of atmospheric CO2 and the population density of these genera. When the rainy and dry seasons are analyzed separately, by the daytime period, the positive association is more evident.
Investigation of the basic properties of car seat fabrics applied in automotive textiles
Authors: Mominul Alam Shaikh Md , Kibria Md Golam , Islam Shariful
Published: January 2023

The aim of this paper is to investigate the basic properties of car seat fabrics applied in automotive textiles. Three types of textile materials namely velvet, flock and flat woven fabrics were used in this research for investigation. These three types of fabrics are available in private cars and also cost effective in local market. Polyester fabrics were used as base fabric along with all these velvet, flock and flat woven fabrics. Polyester fabrics are stronger those provide strength to the seat fabrics where velvet and flock fabrics provide comfort to the passengers. These textile fibers have also very good comfort properties. Different types of experiments namely fiber identification, strength test, color fastness test, abrasion resistant test and bending test were carried out in accordance with the test method provided by ISO standard. Microscopic views were also taken for assessment. Color fastness properties were also investigated to know the best color values. Grey scale test method for color property testing was used for all types of color fastness tests. This research is practice based and the findings are important for the personnel employed in automotive industries and to controlling of their properties. Further research can be conducted and commercial production may be beneficial by virtue of this research.
Knowledge, perception, and sources of information towards cervical cancer and utilization of papanicolaou (pap) smear as screening among female in medina, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Jeddo Zainab A
Published: January 2023

Background and objectives: Cervical cancer (CC) is the fourth commonest cancer among women in the world. Screening using a Papanicolaou (Pap) smear can detect early cervical changes and allows early treatment with a high rate of success. Awareness of the importance of screening is a significant factor in encouraging women to have Pap smear testing. This study aimed to investigate perceptions, knowledge, and sources of information regarding CC and the utilization of Pap smeared used for screening in Medina, Saudi Arabia. Methodology: An e-questionnaire-based cross-sectional study was conducted between December 2021 to July 2022. The targeted population were all non-medical staff females in childbearing age in Medina, Saudi Arabia. A total of 444 women were included in the study. The collected data was analyzed using descriptive statistical methods via Statistical Packages for Social Sciences version 26. Result: Overall, the participants had high levels of awareness of CC (79.3%) and Pap smear (48.9%). However, only (23.6%) have heard of the human papillomavirus and (14.6%) have had a Pap smear. And (22.5%) only recognized that any woman over 21 years old should be screened for CC. Social media was the most frequently mentioned source of information (45.5%). Socio-demographic characteristics were not significantly associated with knowledge of CC or its screening. When women who had never had a Pap smear before were asked about the cause, half of them (47.2%) answered that they did not think about it, (32.2%) because they did not have symptoms, and (20.1%) reported a lack of awareness. Conclusion: Despite the high level of awareness regarding CC and Pap smear testing among women in Medina, only small percentage undergo Pap smear testing. Lack of awareness and poor knowledge of the disease symptoms were the main barriers. This emphasizes the need to conduct community-based programs to raise awareness regarding the role of Pap smear in CC early detection.
Knowledge, attitudes and practice of breast control in primary care centers: impact on breast cancer epidemiology in San Rafael, Mendoza
Authors: Peralta Lorca Juan Ignacio , Gerardi Francisco Javier , Alonso Paul , Orozco Javier IJ
Published: January 2023

Introduction: Breast cancer is the most frequent cancer in women globally and the leading cause of cancer death among women in developing countries. Objectives: The main objectives of this study were: to evaluate the clinico-pathological characteristics of patients with breast cancer at the San Rafael Regional Public Hospital, Mendoza; and, additionally, to determine the knowledge of an independent cohort of women regarding breast controls in the peripheral Health Centers of this city. Material and method: For the epidemiologic analysis of breast cancer in San Rafael, the Mendoza Provincial Tumor Registry was consulted. To study the clinico-pathological variables, a decryptive, cross-sectional type study was conducted on 51 consecutive patients with breast cancer diagnosis, during the period January 2014 to July 2016, in the Gynecology Service of the Hospital “ . Teodoro Schestakow” of the City of San Rafael, Mendoza. To determine the level of knowledge regarding breast-river control, surveys were conducted in peripheral health centers in the neighborhoods of Pueblo Diamante, Constitution, El Molino, Villa Laredo and El Sosneado, San Rafael, with prior authorization from the Directorate of the Municipal Health Area. Results: Breast cancer in women corresponded to 33.9% of all cancers in the period 2008-2012, according to the Provincial Tumor Registry. The mean age at the time of diagnosis was 53 years (range: 24-81 years). Advanced stages (III and IV) were diagnosed in 41.2% of patients. The 96.1% of patients presented breast symptomatology at the time of diagnosis, being breast tumor (on self-examination) the most frequent. Only 22% of women surveyed perform annual breast control; and only 7% of patients refer to having a breast examination performed at the medical consultation. Conclusion: Breast cancer diagnosis in San Rafael is performed mainly in symptomatic patients, which reflects deficiencies in early diagnosis, breast controls and information on the female population. This represents an opportunity to conduct population-targeted prevention campaigns, as well as education of health effectors from peripheral centres.
Сoncepts of the newest explanatory dictionaries of the Ukrainian language and problems of metalexicography
Authors:   Institute of the Ukrainian Language of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Snizhko Nataliia
Published: January 2023

Powerful development of the latest explanatory lexicography contributes to the deepening of the theory of lexicography and to the development of its terminological apparatus. Compilation of new explanatory dictionaries (one-volume Dictionary of the Creative Personality Language of Ukraine of the Second Half of the 20th — Early 21th Century and multi-volume Dictionary of the Active Type Ukrainian Language) is conducted in conjunction with theoretical research of lexicographical set of instruments and modeling of the new linguistic and linguoculturological objects that appears on the basis of the modern lexicographic works. Lexicographers of the Institute for the Ukrainian Language of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine actively use macrostructural means of material systematizing and scientifically prove their importance for modeling of linguistic and conceptual pictures of the world. We approve a new method of integral linguistic modeling, on the basis of which the lexical core of the language, ideographic groups of vocabulary, conceptual dominants of the Ukrainian worldview, and systems of figurative means and stable word combinations appear. The typology of dictionaries is undergoing innovative changes. Each newest explanatory dictionary appears as an integral (complex, universal) because the new dictionaries contain significant amount of diverse information. We trace the strengthening of a new direction of integral linguistic research and the active development of metalexicography. The newest dictionaries emphasize the powerful spiritual development of Ukrainian society, its desire for independence and relentless understanding of the linguistic and cultural features of other nations in the world. Explanatory dictionaries of the Ukrainian language of the XXI century are axiologically oriented. They register values common to all mankind as well as national ones, strengthen the process of operating of the Ukrainian language as a state one in Ukraine. They also register understanding the fact that integral type explanatory dictionaries have the leading value in the development of the state of Ukraine. Keywords: metalexicography, explanatory dictionary, dictionary of the creative personality language, dictionary of active vocabulary, integral dictionary, lexical core of language, method of integral linguistic modeling
Linguistic expression in the modern information space of Ukraine
Authors:   Institute of the Ukrainian Language of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kotsʹ Tetiana
Published: January 2023

The article analyzes the functioning of language units in today’s information space in the conditions of a large-scale war against Ukrainian statehood. Extraneous factors become decisive in the selection of orthographic, lexical, syntactic, and stylistic means for semantic, evaluative, and figurative juxtaposition of war and peace, foreign and own, enemy and vital national values. Negatively evaluated rational and expressive units form a dictionary of low expression of nominations of the enemy, and positively evaluated — a dictionary of high expression for the verbal expression of phenomena of national resistance in the struggle to preserve one’s own identity. The core of both evaluation paradigms is socio-political vocabulary, which in the context acquires new semantic and stylistic connotations. In the language of mass communication, the processes of creating a new socio-political terminology based on expressive vocabulary take place, and terminology becomes the basic element for the acquisition of an expressive connotation by a word. The basis of creating a journalistic dictionary of linguistic and psychological resistance to war is the stylistic potential of language: epithets, metaphors, comparisons with transparent figurative semantics. The most expressive means in journalistic texts are metaphors, which form a transparent psychological image of the nation in the context of non-verbal factors. Today’s activated language resources enable one of the most important functions of mass communication — the formation of the national-linguistic consciousness of society. Keywords: rational vocabulary, expressive vocabulary, socio-political vocabulary, positively valued units, negatively valued units, semantics, stylistic connotation
On the problem of financial capacities of administrative districts of Lviv Oblast
Authors: Vlakh Myroslava R. , Vanda Iryna V. , Kotyk Liubov I.
Published: January 2023

We emphasize the importance of complex human-geographical researches of the processes of transformation of the administrative-territorial division of Ukraine at the level of administrative districts to provide harmonic and balanced development of the Oblast. We revealed the human-geographical essence of the notion of region capacity. We analyzed the methods of distinguishing and type classification of regional statistical units, adopted in the EU countries, concluding about their adaptation in the Ukrainian realities taking into account the parameters of financial capacities, i.e. the abilities to use local revenues to fulfill local needs. The existing districts of Lviv Oblast were analyzed according to area of the territory, population, population density, level of urbanization, emphasizing their inequalities that puts them on different starting positions for their functioning. Based on the official statistics of the Ministry of Communities and Territories Development of Ukraine (Decentralization portal), we estimated averaged parameters of financial capacity of administrative districts of Lviv Oblast. In particular, we analyzed the share of local taxes in the revenue part of the budget of the general fund, revenue of the general fund per unit area; in the calculation per one person – revenue of the general fund, basic and reverse subsidies (i.e. those given to local governments from the state government and those provided by the local government to the state government for purpose of equalization of taxation capacity), revenue from excise, consolidated tax, land rent. We calculated variation coefficients of indicators of financial capacity of administrative districts, determined inequalities between the districts, especially regarding basic and reverse subsidies. By ranking, we type-classified the administrative districts according to financial capacity (the ability to use local resources to solve local problems): with high capacity (Lviv district), average capacity (Drohobych, Zolochiv, Stryi, Chervonohrad, Yavoriv districts), low capacity (Sambir district). In the context of administrative units, we developed diagrams of local taxes and charges (excise, consolidated tax, land rent). We came up with practical recommendations on how to improve the subregional administrative-territorial division of Lviv Oblast, in particular, we suggested designating Lviv metro- politan district within the Lviv agglomeration, including Lviv district. In the strategy of social-economic development of administrative districts, we proposed taking into account the results of analysis of financial capacity of their current state of functioning. We concluded that inequality of districts requires special, non-unified approaches so as to design programs of social-economic growth. We emphasize the necessity of correlating the National Statistics with the Statistics of EU countries regarding the regional development.
Many Buddhas, One Buddha: A Study and Translation of Avadānaśataka 1-40
Authors: Appleton Naomi
Published: January 2023

Many Buddhas, One Buddha introduces a significant section of the important early Indian Buddhist text known as the Avadānaśataka, or “One Hundred Stories”, and explores some of its perspectives on buddhahood. This text, composed in Sanskrit and dating to perhaps the third to fifth centuries of the Common Era, is affiliated with the Sarvāstivāda or Mūlasarvāstivāda, and thus provides important evidence of the ideas and literatures of lost non-Mahāyāna schools of Indian Buddhism. The text is a rich literary composition, in mixed prose and verse, and includes some elaborate devotional passages that illuminate early Indian perspectives on the Buddha and on the role of avadāna texts. The book introduces the first four chapters of the Avadānaśataka through key themes of these stories, such as predictions and vows, preparations for buddhahood, the relationship between Śākyamuni and other buddhas, and the relationship between full buddhahood and pratyekabuddhahood. The study of these stories closes with an argument about the structural design of the text, and what this tells us about attitudes towards different forms of awakening. The second part of the book then presents a full English translation of stories 1-40. From tax-dodging merchants, to monks fretting about their sewing skills, the stories offer a rich and entertaining slice of Indian Buddhist literature and teaching.
Post-lineage Yoga: From Guru to #MeToo
Authors: Wildcroft Theodora
Published: January 2023

Post-lineage yoga presents a ground-breaking model for scholars to understand the contemporary teaching and practice of yoga, one where peer networks are more relevant than either brand loyalty or lineage affiliation. Previous research has considered the history and science of yoga, but rarely the ways in which it has been shared. This book aims to change that. From the very advent of group classes, yoga teachers have dictated the movement, and experience, of their students. But threaded through yoga’s history is a more democratic, individualised way of sharing practice with others. With the recent #MeTooinYoga movement, and the growing popularity of accessible yoga, teachers are increasingly turning to this hidden history for answers. In a diverse profession strongly resistant to official regulation, it is vital for scholars and policy makers alike to understand the risks and rewards of this development. In 2004 there were estimated to be 2.5 million yoga practitioners in Britain alone, and numbers are still rising today. As more and more people enjoy the practice, this book asks: in communities based more on peer-networks than hierarchal leadership structures, how are the highest ethical standards negotiated? How does practice relate to life off the mat? What does best practice look like, in ‘post-lineage’ yoga?
The Psychology of the Yogas
Authors: Ifergan Gidi
Published: January 2023

The Psychology of the Yogas explores the dissonance between the promises of the yogic quest and psychological states of crisis. Western practitioners of yoga and meditation who have embarked upon years-long spiritual quests and who have practiced under the guidance of a guru tell of profound and ongoing experiences of love, compassion and clarity: the peaks of spiritual fulfillment. However, after returning to the West, they reported difficulties and crises in different areas of their lives. Why did these practitioners, who had apparently touched the heights of fulfillment, still suffer from these crises? The author explores the psychological theory of yoga and its concrete yogic psychological methods such as ‘cultivating of the opposite’ (pratipakṣa bhāvanā), transforming it to ‘imagining the opposite’, a practice aimed at healing negative habitual tendencies. These methods are extracted from an in-depth study of the Yoga of Patañjali and the Tibetan-Buddhist Ati Yoga of Longchenpa—the Dzogchen. The works of Patañjali (third century) and Longchenpa (fourteenth century) provide a profound psychological framework for understanding the human psyche. These methods are effective but at times difficult to implement. However, as demonstrated through a case study, Western psychology can effectively undo habitual tendencies in a manner which may complement yoga practice, enhancing the integration of one’s spirituality and psychology.
Krishnamacharya on Kundalini: The Origins and Coherence of his Position
Authors: Atkinson Simon
Published: January 2023

Krishnamacharya on Kuṇḍalinī explores a distinctive teaching of ‘the father of modern yoga’, T. Krishnamacharya. Whereas most yoga traditions teach that kuṇḍalinī is a serpentine energy that rises, Krishnamacharya defined it as a serpentine blockage that represents avidyā (spiritual ignorance) and prevents prāṇa (breath or life-force) from rising. In this book, Simon Atkinson draws on over 20 years of study and practice under teachers following Krishnamacharya, and combines the analysis of quotations from yoga workshops with a detailed study of traditional Sanskrit texts. He traces the textual origins of Krishnamacharya’s position to two sects of Viṣṇu-worshiping temple priests, and shows how it is compatible with a stream of South Asian thought where snakes represent something to be overcome. Atkinson challenges claims that Krishnamacharya’s position can be found in his religious tradition of Śrīvaiṣṇavism. He questions the tradition’s reliance on textual sources, showing how the coherence of Krishnamacharya’s position can only be maintained by employing elaborate arguments and rejecting texts that teach otherwise. He also explores how Krishnamacharya’s teaching on kuṇḍalinī influences how yoga is practised. He argues that Krishnamacharya’s position is best viewed as a model for experience that guides practice.
Playing God: Belief and Ritual in the Muttappan Cult of North Malabar
Authors: Gabriel Theodore
Published: January 2023

Playing God discusses the genre of rituals known as the ‘Teyyam’, extant in the North Malabar region of Kerala State, India. In this elaborately costumed ritual practitioners invoke the spirit of a deity into themselves enabling them to talk to the ‘god’ and invoke his/her blessings and predictions of their future. This book concentrates on the cult of the Muttappan duo of gods, the most popular among the Teyyams of North Malabar. The Muttappan cult, though originating from worship of a forest god by tribal groups and untouchables of the hill districts of North Malabar, is not only popular in Kerala, but also attracts worshippers from all the castes and regions of South India. Playing God analyses the mythology and ritual praxis of the Muttappan cult and examines attempts to integrate the cult into a wider Hinduism by enunciating a new hermeneutic of the legend and rituals based on the Hindu Advaitic tradition. The book also discusses how the Teyyam ritual contrasts significantly with rituals and worship in Brahminical Hinduism. The popularity of the cult is a reflection of the changing relationships between castes in Kerala, involving a closer symbiosis and reflecting the urge by the untouchable groups of Kerala to gain a higher standing and acceptance in Keralan Hindu society. The rituals are rich in theological significance and symbolism, and have links to the performing arts of Kerala such as Kathakali and Ottam Tullal.
The Moore and Bilikam model and Burr XII sub-model under progressively type-II censoring scheme
Authors: BAZYAR Mehdi , DEİRİ Einolah , BALOUİ JAMKHANEH Ezzatallah
Published: January 2023

The Moore and Bilikam family includes lifetime distributions, hence there is a need for a meticulous investigation of the proposed family. We evaluate different estimation procedures for both parameters and reliability function of the Moore and Bilikam family comprehensively, including the maximum likelihood, Bayesian and E-Bayesian estimation methods. The estimation methods of the Moore and Bilikam family are compared via the simulation data, whereas simulation results of the Burr XII sub-model are reported. Based on the simulation approach, we concluded the estimates of the Moore and Bilikam family are convergent to the corresponding parameters, and the root mean square error values derived by the E-Bayesian method are less than other estimators. The analysis of the time between failures of secondary reactor pumps data set has been represented for illustrative purposes, which confirmed simulation results.
Procura e utilização dos serviços de saúde por adolescentes brasileiros, segundo a Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde do Escolar de 2019
Authors: Silva Alanna Gomes da , Gomes Crizian Saar , Ferreira Alan Cristian Marinho , Malta Deborah Carvalho
Published: January 2023

RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar a procura e a utilização dos serviços de saúde por adolescentes brasileiros, segundo características sociodemográficas. Métodos: Estudo transversal com dados da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde do Escolar de 2019. A amostra foi composta de 124.898 adolescentes de 13 a 17 anos. Foram calculadas as razões de prevalência bruta e ajustada (RPaj) por sexo, idade e dependência administrativa e seus intervalos de confiança de 95% (IC95%) das variáveis “procura por algum serviço ou profissional de saúde”, “procura por alguma Unidade Básica de Saúde” e “atendimento na Unidade Básica de Saúde”, utilizando a regressão de Poisson com variância robusta. Resultados: A procura por algum serviço de saúde foi relatada por 56,56% (IC95% 55,82–57,29) dos adolescentes, sendo menor entre o sexo masculino (RPaj: 0,95; IC95% 0,94–0,95); aqueles com cor da pele preta (RPaj: 0,95; IC95% 0,94–0,97), parda (RPaj: 0,97; IC95% 0,96–0,98), amarela e indígena (RPaj: 0,95; IC95% 0,94–0,97); estudantes de escolas públicas (RPaj: 0,90; IC95% 0,89–0,90) e residentes da zona rural (RPaj: 0,96; IC95% 0,94–0,98). A Unidade Básica de Saúde foi procurada por 74,08% (IC95% 73,21–74,94) dos adolescentes e foi mais frequente entre aqueles de cor da pele parda (RPaj: 1,06; IC95% 1,03–1,08), de escolas públicas (RPaj: 1,32; IC95% 1,29–1,35) e residentes da zona rural (RPaj: 1,05; IC95%1,01–1,09). O principal motivo da procura pela Unidade Básica de Saúde foi a vacinação (27,93%; IC95% 27,07–28,81). Conclusão: Mais da metade dos adolescentes procurou algum serviço de saúde, mostrando elevada demanda dessa população. Contudo, ainda persistem as desigualdades, o que nos alerta sobre a importância do planejamento, do acolhimento e da qualidade da atenção prestada aos adolescentes.
Narrativas transicionales y significados de paz de organizaciones indígenas en redes sociales digitales
Authors: Suárez Álvarez Astrid Viviana , Portela García Juan Camilo
Published: January 2023

La refrendación del Acuerdo de Paz entre el gobierno y las FARC-EP llevó a muchos sectores de la sociedad colombiana —incluidas las organizaciones indígenas— a compartir sus concepciones sobre la paz en distintos ámbitos, entre los cuales las redes sociales digitales ocuparon un lugar central. Esteartículo busca describir las narrativas transicionales y los significados de paz movilizados por las organizaciones indígenas en estas redes durante este periodo. Metodológicamente se acude a la etnografía virtual. Se evidencia cómo las organizaciones indígenas redimensionan los límites de la transición, en tanto problematizan que su inicio y su final se reduzcan a la finalización del conflicto armado, el fortalecimiento de la democracia liberal y la ampliación del modelo neoliberal de desarrollo basado en el extractivismo. De este modo, afirman la importancia de tomar el buen vivir y la liberación de la Madre Tierra como horizontes de paz.
“Narcos”, guerrillas, “paracos” y paz: Políticas de pacificación forzada, mixta, negociada y neutral en Colombia y México entre los años 2002 y 2021
Authors: Ballesteros Sánchez Daniel
Published: January 2023

El objetivo del presente artículo es revisar los resultados de los mandatos gubernamentales de Colombia y México entre los años 2002 y 2021 respecto a las políticas de pacificación utilizadas como respuesta a los conflictos armados internos. Para tal fin, y sobre la base del modelo de diplomacia de Tokatlián, se hace una reestructuración conceptual que permite la construcción y adaptación de las categorías políticas: pacificación forzada, negociada y neutral; y una propuesta de la política de pacificación mixta. En términos metodológicos se parte de un análisis hermenéutico y se hace uso de técnicas de rastreo, análisis y categorización documental, así como entrevistas no estructuradas con investigadores de la Universidad Veracruzana de México y el Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios Superiores en Antropología Social (CIESAS). Como resultado se tiene que las políticas de pacificación negociadas, seguidas de políticas de pacificación forzada, son políticas potenciadoras de conflicto. Las políticas de pacificación mixta, que mezclan pacificación forzada con negociada, son políticas transicionales eficaces para lograr las políticas de pacificación negociada. El uso de las políticas de pacificación forzada no solo ha sido preponderante en ambas naciones, sino que además las consecuencias en pérdidas de vidas humanas les han sido inherentes. Se concluye con la propuesta de una cuarta categoría de análisis: la pacificación mixta, entendida como estrategia política para la preparación de condiciones hacia una política de pacificación negociada.