bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Standardization of geodetic data for determination of boundaries of natural reserve areas
Authors: Mamonov Kostyantin , Kukhar Maksym , Shterndok Ernest , Kamchatna Svitlana
Published: December 2023

The research aims to analyze geodetic methods for determining the location of natural reserve areas and standardizing the obtained data. The object of the research is the standardization of geodetic data for determining the boundaries of natural reserve areas. Normative and legal documents related to the classification and determination of territories of natural reserve areas and the main geodetic methods used to determine the boundaries of such areas were analyzed in the article. The structure and description of the main geodetic methods for the practical implementation of work to determine the location of natural reserve areas, including geodetic measurements, global navigation, and remote sensing methods, were also discussed. In addition, a number of discrepancies were identified in the process of obtaining, storing, and reproducing geodetic data. Overall, the article contains important information about methods for determining the boundaries of natural reserve areas and how mathematical methods can be used to standardize geodetic data by formalizing it. The research showed that formalization of geodetic data can be done using mathematical methods such as mathematical logic, Boolean algebra, and category theory. The article proposes the use of mathematical methods of data formalization, such as mathematical logic, Boolean algebra, and category theory, to structure and standardize geodetic data. Analytical and graphical models for standardizing geodetic data for determining the boundaries of natural reserve areas were developed using mathematical methods of formalization such as mathematical logic, Boolean algebra, and category theory.
Describing the administrative border of Koshtepa district on an electronic digital map and creating a web map
Authors: Eshnazarov Doniyor , Abdukadirova Mukharram , Abdurakhmonov Abdukhokim , Yokubov Sherzodbek
Published: December 2023

In this article, the administrative border of the district is described on an electronic digital map and a web map is created, on the basis of the obtained results, in the development of target state programs for the establishment of digital maps connected to coordinate systems in the determination of the boundaries of villages and towns of the Koshtepa district of Fergana region and the determination of the boundaries of administrative-territorial units, and the design and determination of administrative boundaries data is provided.
Economic vulnerability assessment in the water sector with a focus on electricity production in hydropower plants: Case of Montenegro
Authors: Ćetković Jasmina , Žarković Miloš , Vujadinović Radoje , Knežević Miloš , Živković Angelina
Published: December 2023

The aim of our paper is economic vulnerability assessment in the water sector of Montenegro, with a focus on electricity production in hydropower plants. The absence of an officially defined methodology in Montenegro, as well as in the region of South-East Europe represents a kind of challenge for research of this type especially for the assessment of economic damage caused by climate change and in the future period. In our paper, we treated negative impacts in the water sector as additional costs for the import of electricity due to reduced electricity production caused by the reduction of water potential due to climate change. After collecting, processing and analyzing data on electricity production in Montenegro, we prepared a projection of this production in the future period for the basic scenario - “without climate change”. This was followed by an assessment of the quantitative damage, in accordance with the determined climate scenarios. After analyzing electricity prices in the European market, we defined future unit were defined as a basis for damage assessment. We conclude the paper with the calculation and projection of economic damages caused by climate change in the Montenegrin energy sector. The basic variant of the analysis would be the existing price of electricity imports for 2022, in the amount of 200 EUR per MWh. The other two variants would be one higher and one lower electricity import prices (250 and 150 EUR per MWh, respectively), in order to gain an overview of the future price fluctuations in a certain way.
Injection photodetectors operating in a wide spectral range
Authors: Sapaev I. , Masharipova U. , Sidikova T.
Published: December 2023

New types of injection photodetectors are shown. The primary amplification of photocurrent in injection photodetectors is discussed. The photosensitivity of such photodetectors has been experimentally determined.
Efficiency of solar air heaters
Authors: Abbasov Yorqin , Umurzakova Muyassar , Sharofov Salokhiddin , Goryayev Andrey
Published: December 2023

The authors of the article show the possibility of drying transformer windings using solar energy and the results of increasing the efficiency of a flat air collector by installing metal shavings on the absorber across the longitudinal air flow flowing through the collector. A solar drying installation has been developed, consisting of a solar air collector and a drying chamber. Experimental studies of a solar drying installation with a solar air collector including a conventional flat absorber and with a solar air collector with improved heat removal performance due to transversely installed metal shavings showed a significant difference between the air temperatures in the drying chamber, namely a more efficient use of the solar air collector.
Increasing the thermal efficiency of water heating boilers by improving design parameters
Authors: Arifjanov Aybek , Kurbonov Kozim
Published: December 2023

Currently, research is being conducted all over the world to create clearly defined operating, technological and design parameters that ensure the continuity of hydrodynamic and thermal processes, which will improve the energy efficiency of heat supply devices and the technical characteristics necessary for the development of control circuits. One of the most pressing problems in this area is the development of modern pipeline designs based on the values of the critical speed of the heat transfer flow, hydraulic resistance and solid particle concentrations relative to the calculated parameters along the line and their mathematical models, improvement of calculation methods and modification of the turbulizing elements of the heat transfer flow. The efficiency factor (COP) of water heating boilers used today in the country is 70-75%. This article presents an analysis of research on the creation of heating boilers by improving the hydraulic parameters of boilers and using effective structural elements to increase the energy efficiency of hot water boilers. The article presents a hydraulic calculation of improved parameters of a hot water boiler. It has been shown that the design of a finned heat-conducting pipe is more effective than a smooth one. As a result of research and calculations, it was possible to increase the thermal efficiency of the water heating boiler by 15-20%. This increases the efficiency of hot water boilers and saves resources used as fuel.
Sustainable economy: Concept of post-global development
Authors: Ushakov Denis , Dudukalov Egor , Shatila Khodor
Published: December 2023

The paper: - scientifically substantiates that the global economy, which at the current stage of its development demonstrates aggressive expansionism, the elimination of the economic basis of progress, shows signs of an upcoming phase transition that is able to reformat the world economic system; gives a definition of a sustainable economy, the long-term growth of which is ensured by the conditions for maintaining its competitiveness, which are minimally dependent and determined by the dynamics of the conjuncture of foreign markets; proposes a methodology for assessing the economic stability of modern states economic based on the aggregation of economic sustainability predictors and stabilizers (in the spheres of traditional, human and natural capital); defines the concept of modernizing the principles of state economic regulation;
Effects of environmental product brand on corporate entrepreneurship technology and environmental competitive advantage
Authors: Hsieh H.-M. , Maritz A.
Published: December 2023

The occurrence of extreme climate and continuous environmental disasters has various countries in the world realize the urgency of environmental protection and remind the countries of making the best efforts for environmental protection. In the visible future, there is rising and complete environmental awareness, and relevant green systems would become an alternative trade barrier tactic. Aiming at supervisors and employees in high-tech industry in Taiwan as the research objects, total 500 copies of questionnaire are distributed, and 425 valid copies are retrieved, with the retrieval rate 85%. The research results show that 1.Entrepreneurship Technology is an asset for enterprises in high-tech industry and is different from the Entrepreneurship Technology capabilities of other companies that it is the source of the competitive advantage, 2.enterprises in high-tech industry have to consider the possession of Entrepreneurship Technology and increase in relevant Entrepreneurship Technology to conform to the environmental product brand strategies and the requirements for environmental product systems, and 3.the trend of creating environmental competitive advantages of high-tech industry through environmental management would be the critical factor in changing future market. According to the results to propose conclusion, it is expected to help enterprises acquire environmental competitive advantages in the environmental protection wave.
Features of eco-labeling in the context of sustainable development goals
Authors: Dzhyndzhoian Volodymyr , Khodak Olga
Published: December 2023

In the process of research, the international system of environmental labeling, which arose under the influence of global challenges and the initiative of the UN and the goals of sustainable development set for it in order to save our planet from pollution and the human environment, was considered. In order to significantly reduce the man-made load on the environment and stop the processes of degradation of its quality, it is necessary to radically change the existing management practice. Environmental certification and environmental labeling are recognized as one of the ways to achieve the set goals. One of the main criteria for choosing environmentally safe products is the ecological labeling of products that have passed ecological certification. The world experience of managing an ecologically efficient development model shows that one of the key measures for the formation of environmental awareness of the population and ensuring “sustainable consumption” is ecological certification. Today, various eco-labels are widely used (national, international, individual branches of production). The strict standards of the eco-certificate motivate manufacturers to make their production more ecological, and give consumers a simple and understandable tool for choosing products. A sociological survey was conducted in order to find out the advantages of the consumer of ecologically safe products and the level of awareness of citizens in this field. According to the results of a detailed study of its results, it was established that ecological labeling is a promising direction and a real marketing tool, which is an effective means of increasing consumer loyalty to products.
Development of intensive technology for constructing low-rise building walls from ash-cement mix
Authors: Narov Rustam
Published: December 2023

There is a great demand for low-rise construction in Uzbekistan. In this regard, it is necessary to continue research on the intensification of the technology of monolithic low-rise housing construction using primarily local waste from various industries. One of them is fly ash waste from the electric power industry. It is proposed to use fly ash as a filler in a cement-ash composition, and it is considered more affordable. The use of other industrial waste as fillers requires additional special processing such as drying and grinding. It was established that fly ash is more accessible for practical use. From the point of view of the structural theory of composite building materials, fly ash has a plasticizing ability, which in turn helps to reduce water consumption. It was established that it is appropriate to use mineral additives in combination with other additives in the preparation of concrete mixes with high workability and low cement consumption. To determine the strength properties, samples were prepared from an ash-cement mix with a water-cement ratio of 0.32, with a fly ash content of 85% of the total mass of the mix. The hardener additive (soda powder) was used at 1.5% by weight of the binder and activated in the mixers for 2 -4 minutes. The results of the study show that the additive accelerates the hardening process of the ash-cement mix by 80-90% at one day of age, due to activation, the strength increases by 11-22% for the mix with/without the additive, respectively. When the mix is activated, the particles are struck and the inert film is torn off from their surface and free access of water to the ash particles is ensured; this, in turn, leads to an increase in the number of hydrate formations and a deeper occurrence of hydration processes. We studied the effect of the sequence of loading components in a working mixer on strength indices. The strength of the mechanically activated mix with 80% fly ash content and 1.5% addition of soda powder, reached 18.5-19.5 MPa. An ash-cement mix for concreting monolithic low-rise buildings was developed.
Stress-strain state of combined steel-FRP reinforced concrete beams
Authors: Mavlonov Ravshanbek , Razzakov Sobirjon , Numanova Sohiba
Published: December 2023

Steel reinforcements in reinforced concrete structures are susceptible to corrosion under different exposure conditions. This can lead to some disadvantages, including concrete deterioration, reduced long-term service life, increased cost of the structure due to re-strengthening measures, and reduced overall durability of the structure. In order to solve these problems, the issue of comprehensive use of Fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) reinforcements as an alternative to steel bars is urgent. FRP reinforcements have specific advantages including corrosion resistance, high tensile strength, density four times lighter than steel, and also linear expansion coefficient under the influence of temperature is small like concrete. In order to increase the load bearing capacity and ductility, it is recommended to effectively use steel rebar together with FRP rebar as a combination reinforcement, taking into account brittleness characteristic of FRP reinforcement and low modulus of elasticity. In this article, concrete beams with combined reinforcement are modelled by using ANSYS Workbench 2022 software. By testing virtual model, deflection corresponding to the value of the applied load on the beam, compressive and tensile stresses in the concrete, and stresses in FRP and steel reinforcement located in the tension zone were determined and analyzed.
Synthesis of synergetic laws of control of nonlinear dynamic plants
Authors: Siddikov Isamidin , Khalmatov Davronbek , Khushnazarova Dilnoza
Published: December 2023

Given in the work the facilities of applying the methods of the synergistic approach for the synthesis of the law of control of nonlinear dynamic plants. To give, robust properties of the control law were proposed by applying a principle of integral adaptation, which permitted compensation for the impact of the external and parametric disturbances. The realization synergistic law of control is carried out by when constructing the analytical design of aggregated controllers, which procure asymptotic sustainability of the control system for nonlinear dynamic plants. For procuring technological invariance proposed principle of the synergistic control. Formulated an extended dynamical model of the system, which included external and internal disturbances. The essence of proposing the approach is to use an extended model of the plant, taking into account disturbances due to the switching on of integrators and procuring compensation for the influence of disturbances, in distinction from known ones, where uses separate models for each disturbance. The suggested methodology has confirmed examples of digital simulation and has shown an efficient proposed approach to tasks synthesis of a nonlinear system of control with dynamical plants, procuring asymptotic sustainability of the control system and recouping unmeasured and internal disturbance.
The Synergy of Educational Technology Advancement and Human Capabilities in the Era of Society 5.0
Authors: Imaniah Ikhfi
Published: December 2023

In the field of education, the synergy between the industrial revolution 4.0 and society 5.0 gives a new perspective in the learning process. Education nowadays transcends location and time and may take place without the need for a classroom. Education is becoming more open and accessible, which implies that technological improvements might make it easier for us to carry out the learning process. Furthermore, a pandemic has just evolved, which not only has a detrimental influence but also delivers advantages. The presence of a pandemic in learning necessitates the ability of academics and learners to respond to these changes. By utilizing technological advances in learning, the industrial revolution 4.0 and society 5.0, as well as the pandemic, developed a synergy that increases individuals’ ability to adapt fast to changes that occur. Rapid technology advancements must be compatible with the skills and adaptability of individuals who operationalize technical outcomes. This research shows that technology is not a tool that can replace humans in their roles, but the existence of more advanced technology may make human life easier, particularly in the field of education, so that education can be more adaptive to the times and more imaginative in planning its demands. Society 5.0 is a period in which technology is integrated with human beings. As a result, developments in information technology must be matched with a supporting educational curriculum in order to produce people with soft skills that can compete globally
Social security of the population and its reflection in the human development index
Authors: Odilova D.
Published: December 2023

This article is devoted to the study of the social security of the population, its essence and content. It considers the theoretical foundations of the formation of social security, and to analyze the social security of the population of the Republic of Uzbekistan, the indicator “human development index” for the regions of the republic is calculated and analyzed.
Methods of formation of professional competence of students in teaching physics on the basis of integration of architecture and building sciences
Authors: Nortojiev Abror , Normurodova Nigora
Published: December 2023

In this paper, we describe formation of professional competence of future construction engineers and its content essence, their role and importance in the preparation for professional activity, the fact that physics is the main fundamental science in the training of civil engineers and its integration with the general engineering sciences. Based on the specifics of vocational guidance and specialization of students in the field of construction, we present instructions and recommendations to organize lectures, practical, laboratory classes and independent work effectively.
Automatic control system for automatic maintenance of microclimate in vegetable storages
Authors: Isakov Abdusaid , Pirova Rashida , Sodiqova Feruza
Published: December 2023

The paper presents an automatic control system for automatic maintenance of the desired microclimate in the storage, controlled by a computer. The state of the microclimate in the vegetable store is monitored with the product and channel temperature sensors and internal and external humidity sensors. This system will automatically control the ventilation parameters at different times of the year, and regulate humidity conditions.
Technology of production and photoelectric characteristics of AlB10 heterojunctions based on silicon
Authors: Sultanov Numonjon , Mirzajonov Zokirjon , Yusupov Fakhriddin
Published: December 2023

Currently, the usage of electronic devices with diverse applications is prevalent in numerous commercial, industrial, electrical, and military sectors. The development of new semiconductors is essential for the advancement of highly sensitive, fast-responding, multifunctional, and high-precision devices and installations. Thin films based on semiconductor monocrystalline substrates are being obtained by scientists in leading research centers worldwide. Production technologies are being improved, optimal conditions are being determined, and the structural and unique physical properties of the obtained thin films are being studied. Additionally, research is being conducted to broaden the light absorption spectra of gas, temperature, and pressure-sensitive heterostructures. In this work, the results of a low-temperature technology development for obtaining films of refractory materials based on the presence of the eutectic state in boron-metal oxide systems are presented. The electro-physical properties of the obtained AlB10 films are investigated over a wide temperature range. The discussion revolves around the development of the technology for manufacturing metal-dielectric-metal (MDM) structures based on AlB10. The results of investigating the volt-ampere characteristics (VAC) of Ni-AlB10-Ni and Al-AlB10-n-Si structures are presented. The method employed for obtaining AlB10 films involves thermal evaporation of a B+Al2O3 mixture in a vacuum at a temperature of 1350-1400°C.
Investigation of the time process of arc separation of the contact network positioner support structures
Authors: Zhu Siyu
Published: December 2023

The contact network is important for the traction power supply system to supply power to electric locomotives. It is significant to ensure that the contact network works properly. Whether the locator is intact directly affects the operation of the contact network. The traction power supply system has dynamic load vibration and wind dance vibration during operation. The contact network positioner and the wrist arm support structure appear to be separated, and there is a potential difference between the positioner and the support structure, which generates an electric arc and ablates the positioner and the wrist arm support structure device. Therefore, this paper selects the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) mathematical model with reference to the arcing model modelling method. COMSOL Multiphysics software is used to simulate the arc transient process of the contact network locator support structure separation, analyse the electric field between the locator articulated parts, give the temperature distribution of the locator and the articulated parts, and analyse the influencing factors of the temperature distribution between the locator and the articulated parts. This provides guiding suggestions for the design of contact networks and the selection of positioners in engineering.
Sustainable Energy: reproductive aspects
Authors: Burganov Rais , Urazbakhtina Liliya , Maimakova Ludmila
Published: December 2023

The article draws attention to the reproductive aspects of household participation in the implementation of a sustainable economy and sustainable energy, which have been actively studied in recent years. The author examined the main ways households can participate in the development of sustainable energy. It has been established that household participation in sustainable energy depends on many factors, which are classified into exogenous (main and secondary) and endogenous (main and auxiliary). Indicators are proposed to measure the total amount of energy generated in a household and the secondary (re)consumption of generated energy. According to the author, the creation of technological infrastructure within the framework of nature-like technologies will increase the share of households’ contribution to ensuring the reproduction of sustainable energy energy.
Synthesis of a control system for the process of diesel fuel hydropuring with the Adar method
Authors: Usmanov K.I. , Yakubova N.S. , Urmanova V.T. , Abdurasulova G.E.
Published: December 2023

Currently, one of the main important tasks at oil refineries is to increase their productivity and product quality. Hydrotreating of diesel fuel is important in the oil refining process. The main purpose of hydrotreating is to improve the quality of fuel and remove sulfur, nitrogen and oxygen compounds from it. The diesel fuel hydrotreating process has a significant impact on product quality. As an object of study, a chemical reactor has a nonlinear characteristic and has the property of a reverse chemical reaction during the hydrotreating of diesel fuel. Also, the diesel fuel hydrotreating process is considered a nonlinear and multidimensional control object, and all its parameters cannot be measured online. Therefore, a mathematical model was developed that takes into account the features of the technological process that arises when creating a highly efficient control system. The article deals with the synthesis of effective algorithms for controlling a chemical reactor and developed a synergistic controller for a class of indefinite nonlinear dynamic systems. The synthesis of control laws is performed by the method of analytical design of aggregated controllers (ADAR).
Prospects for the application of electricity storage systems on the ground branch of the Tashkent metro
Authors: Gayipov Aziz , Baltaev Meirkhan , Sultonaliyev Doston , Shokuchkorov Kurbonnazar , Zaynitdinov Olmos
Published: December 2023

The purpose of the work is to evaluate the efficiency of promising electricity storage systems in the traction power supply system of the above-ground line of the Tashkent metro. The work uses methods of simulation modeling of the interaction of urban electric rolling stock and the traction power supply system with electricity storage devices. The modeling was carried out taking into account the frequency of changes in operating modes of electric rolling stock, including regenerative braking, which affects the energy performance of electricity storage systems. The characteristics of the operation of electricity storage systems, an assessment of the voltage level on the buses of sectioning posts, the duration of episodes of operation in charge and discharge modes, their number and the corresponding total volumes of electricity per day were obtained. The calculation results make it possible to assess the prospects for using electricity storage systems in the operating conditions of the ground part of the Tashkent metro.
Features of thermoelectric properties of some magnetic semiconductors
Authors: Diuldin Maksim , Kasimaxunova Anarkhan , Yuan Zhenyue , Tseiko Vitaly , Rud Ivan , Tseyko Mikhail , Latipova Mukhayyo , Krasnoscshekov Viktor , Kotomenkova Olga , Cheremisin Alexey , Rud Vasily
Published: December 2023

One of the most promising forms of energy production for at least several decades is thermoelectric power energy, which converts heat directly into electricity. In comparison with other methods of extraction of energy, Tthermoelectric power energy has such distinctive features as compactness, low weight, noiselessness in operation, high reliability, does not affect the growth of greenhouse gases and an increase in the radiation background. It can be recognized that low current conversion efficiency and high cost are some of the disadvantages. But there is a huge plus, because TEPG does not contribute to the depletion of natural resources and environmental pollution, such as climate warming, which has caused concern recently. In this paper, we report on some technological features of methods for obtaining semiconductor materials for thermoelectricity and their properties.
Empirical models of the Earth’s ionosphere field-aligned currents: a review
Authors: Zolotov Oleg , Prokhorov Boris , Romanovskaya Yulia
Published: December 2023

In this paper, we present a review of empirical models of the Earth’s ionosphere field-aligned currents (FAC). In total, seven FAC models were considered. Iijima and Potemra’s model was one of the earliest ones. It described a general structure of FAC distribution and could be used as a FAC common pattern. Papitashvili & co-auth., Lukianova & co-auth., and Weimer improved descriptions of FAC distributions using the larger amount of data from various satellite missions. Their models were published as a set of printed maps of the FAC distributions for various geophysical situations. Recent models (MFACE, AMPS, and EW-FAC) are provided as MATLAB, Python, and IDL software, respectively. These models are the high-resolution (finer spatial grid) description of FAC distributions with improved dependence on the Interplanetary Magnetic Field and Solar wind impacts.
Gas-electric hybrid wall-mounted boiler
Authors: Toropov Alexey
Published: December 2023

In common terminology, a hybrid (dual-fuel) heat supply system combines a gas boiler and a heat pump. These systems are considered the most energy-efficient of the currently existing autonomous household heat supply systems. Analysis of the efficiency and carbon footprint of household heat supply systems shows that at low atmospheric temperatures and the use of radiator-type heating devices, the question of the advantage of heat pumps is not unambiguous. A new solution for a thermal generator (Patent for invention RU 2782081 C1) is proposed - a hybrid gas-electric boiler that has a number of advantages when operating systems at atmospheric temperatures from 0 ° C to + 10 ° C. The technical characteristics of the hybrid boiler, the purpose and the field of effective application are determined. A comparison of the carbon footprint of a hybrid boiler with heat pumps and a typical gas boiler is presented. The area of effective use of the invention is a household with a heated area of up to 100 m2, apartment heat supply. The main advantage of a hybrid gas-electric boiler is the exclusion of cyclical operation of the heat generator at a low thermal load, characteristic of space heating at atmospheric temperatures from 0 ° C to 10 ° C.
Method of digital automatic design of grinding operations carried out on CNC cylindrical grinding machines
Authors: Shipulin L.V.
Published: December 2023

Based on the literature review, the problem is formulated, which consists in the absence of detailed recommendations for the design of grinding operations for CNC cylindrical grinding machines. This paper provides a solution to the problem described above using the developed method, which includes: the formation of initial data, the formation of grinding cycles, and the calculated determination of cycle parameters.
Differential heats, isotherm and entropies of n-pentane adsorption on LiZSM-5 and CsZSM-5 zeolites
Authors: Bakhronov Khayot , Ergashev Oybek , Karimov Khasan , Akhmedova Nodira , Absalyamova Ilmira , Abdullayeva Shoira
Published: December 2023

Artificially synthesised zeolites are widely used in water purification devices as adsorbents, ion exchangers, molecular sieves; they are used as electron donors and acceptors. Also, zeolites are currently the most important catalysts for the processing of various hydrocarbon raw materials. Synthetic zeolites ZSM-5 are highly efficient catalysts of these processes. For o characterisation of zeolite channels and estimation of sorption volume npentane are the most suitable. n-Pentane fills all sorption space and adsorbed with higher energy. This paper presents the results of the basic thermodynamic characteristics and isotherms of n-pentane adsorption in Cs3,17ZSM- 5 and Li3,37ZSM-5 zeolites at 303 K. A system consisting of a universal high-vacuum adsorption unit and a Tian-Calvet type differential modified microcalorimeter, DAC-1-1A, coupled to it was used to measure isotherms and differential heats of adsorption. The correlation between adsorption-energy characteristics was found and the molecular mechanism of n-pentane adsorption in CsZSM-5 and LiZSM-5 zeolites in the whole filling region was revealed.
Complete factor experiments on fifth-class rotary kinematic couples
Authors: Akbarov Alisher , Kirgizov Khusniddin , Maxmudov Azimjon
Published: December 2023

The article presents the analysis of the results of the multi-factor experiment conducted on the experimental tests conducted on the improved fifth-class rotary kinematic pair available in technological machines. Recommendations for the number of longitudinal grooves opened in the inner cylinder of the fifth-class rotary kinematic pair structure, their angle of inclination relative to the axis, and the use of lubricating oil are given. Test results and conclusions are presented.
Development of a calibration technique of a finite element model for calculating compensation of deformations from the action of residual stresses in additive manufacturing
Authors: Oleynik Maxim , Balyakin Andrey , Khaimovich Alexander , Zlobin Evgeniy
Published: December 2023

In additive manufacturing, it is necessary to take into account and compensate for the warping of the part due to the action of residual stresses. One of the effective fast methods for calculating the magnitude of deformations in CAE-systems is mechanical finite element analysis, which does not require numerous iterations. To ensure the accuracy of calculations in CAE-systems, they must be calibrated on special samples. The paper proposes a method of such calibration on annular samples for the process of direct metal deposition (DMD), the result of which are the values of internal deformations necessary to calculate the deformations of parts during DMD. With the help of the Simufact Additive CAE system, a digital model of the DMD process was designed and the effect of residual stresses was simulated. Based on the obtained results of comparison with full-scale samples, the calculated parameters have been adjusted, which can be applied to optimize the geometry of the workpiece parts, taking into account the features of the DMD process.
Fretting wear mechanism of antifriction coating with selenium on aluminum alloy
Authors: Alisin V.V.
Published: December 2023

The article considers the issues associated with structure and mechanism of destruction of the antifriction coating with selenium on an aluminum alloy during fretting wear in contact with a steel ball. The process of fretting wear of the coupling under the influence of vibrations in heating conditions of up to 200 0C is simulated. The influence of load on the wear resistance index is analyzed. It has been established that an increase in load leads to a decrease in fretting wear of the coating. Testing of an aluminum alloy sample under the same conditions showed that an increase in load leads to an increase in wear resistance. Based on the study, it is proposed to protect the workpiece from vibration to prevent the destruction of the anti-friction coating during logistics operations.
Blockchain technology as a driver of sustainable development in railway transportation
Authors: Pokrovskaya Oksana , Drozdova Maria , Merkulina Irina
Published: December 2023

The article attempts to provide a critical assessment of the current experience of blockchain technologies as a driver of sustainable development in railway transportation and logistics. The main trends in the development of blockchain technologies in the development of logistics are identified. Using the example of Russian railway transport, the key projects implemented in the organization of transportation with the help of a distributed data register are analyzed. The advantages and disadvantages of the implementation of digital smart contract solutions are noted. It is shown that the application of distributed registry technology provides transparency of tariff formation in transportation logistics based on the rating of suppliers, with the help of which users make their choice; increase the reliability of information about transported goods; guarantee high-tech monitoring and control of the technical condition of rolling stock; as well as high quality and speed of payment production.
Research on human traffic flows parameters at metro stations gates
Authors: Parfyonenko Alexander
Published: December 2023

The country’s largest cities are working intensively on the development of underground space in order to utilise their territory more fully and efficiently. Increase of fire hazard for people in underground space is determined both by the difficulties of evacuation of large masses of people of different mobility upwards, requiring, in particular, the use of means of vertical transport, and the peculiarities of the dynamics of CPF in a confined space. For designing of underground space objects with floor depth below 15m special technical specifications (STS) are developed. However, the authors of STS have no substantiated data for their development, as the scientific research necessary for their obtaining has not been carried out. Therefore, the supervisory authorities have no opportunity to analyse the degree of validity of the proposed solutions and the corresponding fire risk assessment. The article presents the results of research on the movement of people at metro stations through the “underground” type exit doors, allowing to assess the probability of crush formation during evacuation and to propose solutions to ensure unimpeded movement.
Transport logistics and its role in the balanced territorial development
Authors: Sitnova Inna , Barlybaev Adigam , Lisitsa Maria , Ishnazarov Diyaz , Ishnazarova Zulfiya
Published: December 2023

Transport logistics as a complex system combining many organisational, technological, technical, and other elements is now becoming one of the fundamental factors in the development of any spatial socioeconomic system, since the criteria of success in modern activities are the quality, speed, reliability, continuity of the provision of production-technological, social, research and development and other processes with all the necessary resources, which can be ensured due to the presence of well-established transport infrastructure and logistics of its maintenance, which directly affects the socio-economic performance and the balance of territorial development. Remote territories feel the lack of transport infrastructure and logistics of their service which directly affects the socio-economic performance and violation of the territorial development balance. All of the above determines the relevance of the study of transport logistics in the context of its role in the balanced development of the territory. The purpose of the study is to analyse the role and place of transport logistics in the balanced development of the territory. The objectives of the study include generalisation of the terminological bases of the study of transport logistics of the territory; analysis of official statistics data on the state of the transport system of the region; study of the state of transport logistics and spatial location of priority projects to modernise the transport infrastructure of the region; identification of the role of transport logistics in the balanced development of territories. The methodological basis of the study is a set of general and private scientific methods, the use of which allows to achieve the goal of the study (methods of scientific knowledge, analytical, statistical).
To the efficiency of locomotives of electric tractions on a hilly section of the railway
Authors: Ablyalimov O.
Published: December 2023

The results of the substantiation of the average kinematic parameters of the movement of freight trains and the energy efficiency indicators of the transportation work of locomotives of electric traction without stops and with stops on a virtual hilly section of the railway are presented. The stated goal of the research was realized through the theory of locomotive traction through a graphical method of integrating the differential equation of train motion, based on the finite increment method, with subsequent calculation of the numerical values of the specified parameters and indicators. Research results obtained in the form of tabular data, graphical dependencies and equations regression to determine the efficiency indicators of locomotives of electric traction on virtual and real hilly sections of railway, which are recommended on the practice work of specialists in the operation workshop of locomotive depots of the Uzbek railways.
Influence of geometric constraints on aircraft design
Authors: Dergachev A.N. , Temicheva N.Yu.
Published: December 2023

The paper considers the requirements to helicopter operating conditions, forming geometrical constraints at the design stages and their influence on the geometrical appearance of the helicopter as a whole, structural design and layout of individual components and assemblies of helicopters. The methodology of forming the system of geometrical constraints is based on the generalised requirements to ensure the operational and technical characteristics of the helicopter: ensuring the basing and production of take-off and landing operations on marine vessels, ensuring transportability, ease of access to the cockpit, ease of access to the units during maintenance, reducing the labour intensity of individual helicopter maintenance operations.
Regulatory framework for decarbonization and greenhouse gas emission reduction projects in Russia
Authors: Klimov Dmitry
Published: December 2023

As a result of the alarming rise in environmental pollution in numerous developed nations since the mid-20th century, there has been a reevaluation of nature conservation laws, the establishment of new environmental legislative frameworks, stricter regulation and oversight in this field, and the creation of governmental bodies to enforce compliance with these laws. In several countries, the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions has emerged as a primary focus within climate and energy policies and development strategies. This emphasis is evident in various legislative acts and standards that promote the execution of projects aimed at diminishing CO2 emissions. One of the most important tasks in combating greenhouse gas emissions is the implementation of systems for monitoring and regulating the emissions of carbon dioxide and other associated harmful substances from sources into the atmosphere. This article is dedicated to analyzing the regulatory and legal framework and legislative system in the field of environmental protection and nature conservation activities in Russia and foreign countries. Using the example of Russian legislation, the mechanisms for the practical implementation of sustainable development strategies through the control of CO2 emissions will be demonstrated.
The impact of digitalization on organizational management structures
Authors: Polevaya Elenа , Shustova Irina
Published: December 2023

The increase in competition requires modern business entities to make fundamental decisions regarding the introduction of digital technologies in management processes. In turn, organizational management structures are precisely the object that should be subject to technological transformation in order to increase the efficiency of performing functions and tasks by the participants in such a structure. The purpose of the study is to reveal the role and significance of digitalization in the development of organizational structures for enterprise management. Research methods: analysis, theoretical approach, description, study of scientific literature, formal-logical approach, concretization of conclusions, method of thinking and visual interpretation of the results. Results and conclusions of the study: the concept of digitalization is considered (this is the process of using computer technology, information technology with the recording of code pulses (binary numbers / numbers “0” and “1”, which serves as the basis for the name “digital”) in a certain sequence and a certain frequency in relation to any object of human activity); the features of the impact of digitalization on organizational management structures are determined (positive impact: exclusion of the human factor, increase in the efficiency of organizational structures, increase in the efficiency of managerial, intercommunication, intermediary and other processes; among the negative impact, the high cost of implementation, the need to train staff in the ability to use information technologies).
Judicial practice as a legal tool and source of environmental law: problems of uniformity
Authors: Sachkov A.N. , Studenikina S.V. , Yelizarov I.V. , Orlova I.V.
Published: December 2023

The authors consider the main theoretical approaches and practical recommendations related to the perception and application of the principle of uniformity of judicial practice in the field of ecology as the basis of justice. The publication proposes a model of positioning judicial practice in its two forms of being: as an instrument and a source of law in their dialectical unity.
The subject matter of environmental law: analysing approaches and framing the problem
Authors: Lang Petr
Published: December 2023

The article analyses the provisions of the domestic legislative base and legal doctrine on the subject of content characteristics of modern environmental law. In particular, the issues of the concept and content of the subject of environmental law are investigated, separate positions of domestic researchers and specialists are studied, the author’s conclusions on the stated subject are presented.
Ecological and environmental policy of Uzbekistan: threats, problems and solutions
Authors: Urakov Dilshodbek
Published: December 2023

By the 21st century, the problem of environmental protection in the context of globalization, having gone beyond the framework of one country or one region, has an impact on the entire planet. On the path to sustainable development in the world, the United Nations calls on the countries of the world to agree on solving environmental problems and follows the path of uniting their strengths and capabilities for creative work. At the 63rd session of the UN General Assembly, held in 2009, it was especially emphasized that maintaining harmony on planet Earth in order to achieve fair proportionality between the economic, social and environmental demands of the present and future generations is relevant. Socio-political relations for the protection and improvement of the environment are studied in a number of higher educational institutions and research centers around the world. In particular, at the research center and university of Wageningen (Netherlands) (Wageningen Universit and Research), at the University of Bonn in Germany (University of Bonn), at the Center for Environmental History of the University of Elabuga (Russian Federation, Republic of Tatarstan), at Peking University (Chinese People’s Republic) scientific research is conducted in the following areas: imbalances between man and nature as a threat to the ecosystem, rational use of natural resources, practical implementation of eco-innovations to achieve sustainable development, improvement of organizational and legal mechanisms for the implementation of public environmental control, features of the development of world environmental historiography.