bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Safety of the bag-in-the-lens implantation regarding the development of clinically significant pseudophakic cystoid macular edema: A retrospective case series study
Authors: Scheers Dorothée , Rens Jasmien , Van Os Luc , Ní Dhubhghaill Sorcha , De Groot Veva , Kiekens Stefan , Van Looveren Jan , Wouters Kristien , Tassignon Marie-José
Published: January 2023

Purpose

To determine the incidence of clinically significant pseudophakic cystoid macular edema (CSPME) after phacoemulsification using the ‘bag-in-the-lens’ lens (BIL) implantation technique and to examine the influence of associated risk factors for clinically significant pseudophakic macular edema (CSPME), both ocular and systemic.

Methods

This retrospective study included 2419 first-operated eyes of 2419 adults who underwent phacoemulsification cataract surgery using the BIL implantation technique between January 2013 and December 2018 in the Antwerp University Hospital, Belgium. The significance of several risk factors (age, gender, previous history, intra- and postoperative complications) was examined by extraction of electronic medical files.

Results

The 3-month incidence of CSPME in the subgroup without risk factors was 0.00% (95% CI: 0.00 –NA). The 3-month incidence of CSPME in the subgroup with risk factors was 0.57% (95% CI 0.22–1.29%).

The 3-month incidence of CSPME in the total population of 2419 patients was 0.29% (95% CI: 0.11–0.65%). The risk factors most significantly associated with CSPME included renal insufficiency (hazard ration [HR]: 5.42; 95% CI: 1.69–17.44; P = .014), exudative age-related macular degeneration (HR: 74.50, 95% CI: 25.75–215.6; P < .001) and retinal vein occlusion (HR: 22.48, 95% CI: 4.55–111.02; P = .005).

Conclusions

In the absence of risk factors, the incidence of CSPME was zero. We can conclude that Primary Posterior Continuous Curvilinear Capsulorhexis (PPCCC) does not increase the risk for CSPME.

Non-inferiority of the BIL implantation regarding the development of CSPME, relative to the traditional ‘lens-in-the-bag’ (LIB) implantation, confirms that BIL is a safe surgical technique. This study also illustrates a previously undescribed risk factor for developing CSPME, namely renal insufficiency.
Prevalence of hypertension and other cardiovascular disease risk factors among university students from the National Polytechnic Institute of Côte d’Ivoire: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Zobo Philippe C. , Touré Frank Y. , Coulibaly Iklo , Bitty-Anderson Alexandra M. , Boni Simon P. , Niangoran Serge , Guié Annick , Kouakou Hermann , Tchounga Boris , Coffie Patrick A. , Ekouevi Didier K.
Published: January 2023

Background

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading causes of death in the world, mainly occurring in low-and-middle income countries. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of hypertension and other cardiovascular risk factors among university students at a National Polytechnic Institute in Côte d’Ivoire.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted among students of the National Polytechnic Institute of Côte d’Ivoire. Sample was selected using a non-probabilistic convenient sampling method. Anthropometric measurements, blood pressure and capillary blood glucose were measured. A logistic regression model allowed to determine factors associated with hypertension.

Results

A total of 2,030 students, 79.7% males and 20.3% females, with a median age of 20 years (IQR = [19–22]) participated in the study. On hypertension knowledge, 96.9% (n = 1,968) of students reported having heard of hypertension; salty foods were reported by more than a third as a cause of hypertension (n = 734; 37.3%), while 114 (5.8%) and 157 (8.0%) selected tobacco and alcohol as causes of hypertension, respectively. The overall prevalence of hypertension was 6.0%, higher in males (6.8%) compared to females (2.7%) (p < 0.001). As for CVD risk factors, 148 (7.3%) were overweight or obese; 44.0% of males and 36.6% of females reported alcohol consumption. In multivariate analysis, being a female (OR = 4.16; CI 95% = [1.96–9.09]; p<0.001), being 25 years old and older (OR = 3.34; CI 95% = [2.01–5.55]; p = 0.001), tobacco use (OR = 2.65; CI 95% = [1.41–4.96]; p = 0.002), being overweight or obese (OR = 3.75; CI 95% = [2.13–6.59]; p<0,001) and having abnormal waist circumference (OR = 6.24; CI 95% = [1.99–19.51]; p = 0.002) were significantly associated with high blood pressure.

Conclusion

CVD risk factors are prominent among young adults in Côte d’Ivoire. Appropriate behavioural health interventions promoting a healthy lifestyle for young adults should be urgently implemented for CVD burden reduction.
Local indicators of climate change impacts described by indigenous peoples and local communities: Study protocol
Authors: Reyes-García Victoria , Álvarez-Fernández Santiago , Benyei Petra , García-del-Amo David , Junqueira André B. , Labeyrie Vanesse , Li Xiaoyue , Porcher Vincent , Porcuna-Ferrer Anna , Schlingmann Anna , Soleymani Ramin
Published: January 2023

Introduction

In the quest to improve the understanding of climate change impacts on elements of the atmospheric, physical, and life systems, scientists are challenged by the scarcity and uneven distribution of grounded data. Through their long history of interaction with the environment, Indigenous Peoples and local communities have developed complex knowledge systems that allow them to detect impacts of climate change in the local environment. The study protocol presented here is designed 1) to inventory climate change impacts on the atmospheric, physical, and life systems based on local knowledge and 2) to test hypotheses on the global spatial, socioeconomic, and demographic distribution of reported impacts. The protocol has been developed within the framework of a project aiming to bring insights from Indigenous and local knowledge systems to climate research (https://licci.eu).

Methods

Data collection uses a mixed-method approach and relies on the collaboration of a team of 50 trained partners working in sites where people’s livelihood directly depend on nature. The data collection protocol consists of two steps. Step 1 includes the collection of secondary data (e.g., spatial and meteorological data) and site contextual information (e.g., village infrastructure, services). Step 1 also includes the use of 1) semi-structured interviews (n = 20-30/site) to document observations of environmental change and their drivers and 2) focus group discussions to identify consensus in the information gathered. Step 2 consist in the application of a household (n from 75 to 125) and individual survey (n from 125 to 175) using a standardized but locally adapted instrument. The survey includes information on 1) individual and household socio-demographic characteristics, 2) direct dependence on nature, 3) household’s vulnerability, and 4) individual perceptions of climate change impacts. Survey data are entered in a specifically designed database.

Expected results

This protocol allows the systematic documentation and analysis of the patterned distribution of local indicators of climate change impacts across climate types and livelihood activities. Data collected with this protocol helps fill important gaps on local climate change impacts research and can provide tangible outcomes for local people who will be able to better reflect on how climate change impacts them.
Reduced isometric knee extensor force following anodal transcranial direct current stimulation of the ipsilateral motor cortex
Authors: Savoury Ryan B. , Kibele Armin , Power Kevin E. , Herat Nehara , Alizadeh Shahab , Behm David G.
Published: January 2023

Background

The goal of this study was to determine if 10-min of anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (a-tDCS) to the motor cortex (M1) is capable of modulating quadriceps isometric maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) force or fatigue endurance contralateral or ipsilateral to the stimulation site.

Methods

In a randomized, cross-over design, 16 (8 females) individuals underwent two sessions of a-tDCS and two sham tDCS (s-tDCS) sessions targeting the left M1 (all participants were right limb dominant), with testing of either the left (ipsilateral) or right (contralateral) quadriceps. Knee extensor (KE) MVC force was recorded prior to and following the a-tDCS and s-tDCS protocols. Additionally, a repetitive MVC fatiguing protocol (12 MVCs with work-rest ratio of 5:10-s) was completed following each tDCS protocol.

Results

There was a significant interaction effect for stimulation condition x leg tested x time [F(1,60) = 7.156, p = 0.010, ηp2 = 0.11], which revealed a significant absolute KE MVC force reduction in the contralateral leg following s-tDCS (p < 0.001, d = 1.2) and in the ipsilateral leg following a-tDCS (p < 0.001, d = 1.09). A significant interaction effect for condition x leg tested [F(1,56) = 8.12, p = 0.006, ηp2 = 0.13], showed a significantly lower ipsilateral quadriceps (to tDCS) relative MVC force with a-tDCS, versus s-tDCS [t(15) = -3.07, p = 0.016, d = -0.77]. There was no significant difference between the relative contralateral quadriceps (to tDCS) MVC force for a-tDCS and s-tDCS. Although there was an overall significant [F(1,56) = 8.36, p < 0.001] 12.1% force decrease between the first and twelfth MVC repetitions, there were no significant main or interaction effects for fatigue index force.

Conclusion

a-tDCS may be ineffective at increasing maximal force or endurance and instead may be detrimental to quadriceps force production.
Predicting tolerability of high-dose fentanyl buccal tablets in cancer patients
Authors: Kwon Mi-Young , Lee Mi-Yeon , Han Yun Jae , Lee Sung Hyun , Kim Eo Jin , Park Songyi , Lee Yun‑Gyoo , Koo Dong-Hoe
Published: January 2023

Background & aims

Fentanyl buccal tablets (FBTs) are a rapid-onset opioid indicated for breakthrough cancer pain (BTcP) and FBT titration is needed to optimize BTcP management. We aimed to predict which patients could tolerate a high dose of FBT (400 μg or more at a time).

Methods

A retrospective analysis was performed to assess the final FBT dose. The final FBT doses were compared according to the clinical features. The prediction accuracy of patients tolerant of 400 μg or higher FBT was compared using the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. A risk scoring model based on the odds ratio (OR) was developed from the final multivariable model, and patients were assigned into two groups: low tolerance (0–1 point) and high tolerance (2–3 points).

Results

Among 131 patients, the most frequently effective dose of FBT was 200 μg (54%), followed by 100 μg (30%). The median value of morphine equivalent daily doses (MEDD) was 60 mg/day, and the most common daily use was 3–4 times/day. In multivariable analysis, male sex, younger age, and use of FBTs three or more times per day were independently associated with high-dose FBT. According to the risk scoring model, the patients with a final FBT of 400 μg or higher were significantly more in the high tolerance group (17%) compared to the low tolerance group (3%; p = 0.023)

Conclusions

According to the dose relationship between the final FBT dose and the clinical features, three factors (sex, age, daily use of FBT) were independently associated with the final dose of FBT. Our risk score model could help predict tolerance to high-dose FBT and guide the titration plan for BTcP.
The effect of road characteristics on timber truck driving speed and fuel consumption based on visual interpretation of road database and data from fleet management system
Authors: Anttila Perttu , Ojala Johannes , Palander Teijo , Väätäinen Kari
Published: January 2023

Road transport produces 90% of greenhouse gas emissions in timber transport in Finland. It is therefore necessary to understand the factors that affect driving speed, fuel consumption, and ultimately, emissions. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of road characteristics on timber truck driving speed and fuel consumption. Data from the fleet management and transport management systems of two timber trucks were collected over a year. A sample of 104 trips was drawn, and the tracking points were overlaid on the road data in a geographical information system. Thereafter, work phases were determined for the points, and they were visually classified into road and pavement classes. Subsequently, the data of 80 trips were utilised in regression analysis to further study the effects of the visually interpreted variables on driving speed and fuel consumption. Fuel consumption was explained by the proportion of forest roads and distance travelled with a loader, and the number of crossings and season when driving without a load. When driving with a load, both asphalt and gravel pavements decreased consumption, in contrast to an unpaved road. Crossings increased fuel consumption, as did the winter and spring months, and the total laden mass of the truck. In conclusion, the study showed that the functional Finnish road and pavement classes can be used to predict driving speed and fuel consumption.
Educação Ambiental no Ensino Superior
Authors: Fonseca de Andrade Daniel , Figueroa Figueiredo Tainá , Silva Machado Aline
Published: January 2023

Esta pesquisa tem como contexto empírico uma turma da disciplina Educação Ambiental e Cidadania de uma universidade federal brasileira. Os objetivos da pesquisa são levantar os conteúdos oferecidos pela disciplina que foram mencionados pelos estudantes em seus trabalhos finais; e levantar os argumentos utilizados pelos estudantes para a escolha de tais conteúdos. A metodologia foi análise de conteúdo. Conclui-se sobre o papel central da metodologia na composição da disciplina, a importância da dimensão pedagógica da educação ambiental e a importância da disciplina na desconstrução de sensos comuns que são trazidos pelos estudantes para o ensino superior acerca de questões ambientais e da educação ambiental.
Liver-Related Mortality in Hepatitis B Virus Core Antibody+/Hepatitis B Virus Surface Antigen− Patients: Occult Hepatitis B Virus, Hepatitis B Virus Reactivation, and Hepatocellular Carcinoma Development
Authors: Jung Janghan , Nguyen Mindie H.
Published: January 2023

Although hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg) serum clearance is an important milestone in the natural history of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, HBsAg-negative patients are at risk of liver cancer and liver-related death, especially when progressive fibrosis is present. HBsAg-negative/anti-HBV core antibody-positive patients should be carefully evaluated and managed accordingly for the presence of significant liver fibrosis, other viral coinfections, occult HBV infection, risk of HBV reactivation, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Antiviral prophylaxis should be initiated in isolated anti-HBV core antibody patients receiving high-risk chemotherapy or biologics. Hepatocellular carcinoma surveillance with liver ultrasound and serum alpha-fetoprotein should be considered for patients with risk factors.
Brunner's Gland Adenoma–An Uncommon Cause for Intussusception and Gastric Outlet Obstruction
Authors: Teh Readon , Tee Wei De , Chen Weihao , Qurishi Absar Ahmed
Published: January 2023

Brunner's gland adenoma is extremely uncommon small bowel tumors with an incidence of <0.01% and account for less than 1% of all gastrointestinal tumors. They are branched acinotubular glands found within the submucosal layer and located between the pyloric ring and the major duodenal papilla. Brunner's glands produce an alkaline secretion containing viscous mucin to protect the duodenum from acidic gastric chyme. Although these lesions are usually asymptomatic and are incidentally discovered on upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, they may occasionally present with symptoms of upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage, duodenal obstruction, and more rarely with biliary fistulation or intussusception. We present an atypical case of a large 9-cm Brunner's gland adenoma causing duodenojejunal intussusception in a 44-year-old Chinese man, who presented with long-standing epigastric pain, nausea, and vomiting.
Comparison of Characteristics of Gamma-Ray Imager Based on Coded Aperture by Varying the Thickness of the BGO Scintillator
Authors: Park Seoryeong , Hammig Mark D. , Jeong Manhee
Published: January 2023

Background: The conventional cerium-doped Gd2Al2Ga3O12 (GAGG(Ce)) scintillator-based gamma-ray imager has a bulky detector, which can lead to incorrect positioning of the gammaray source if the shielding against background radiation is not appropriately designed. In addition, portability is important in complex environments such as inside nuclear power plants, yet existing gamma-ray imager based on a tungsten mask tends to be weighty and therefore difficult to handle. Motivated by the need to develop a system that is not sensitive to background radiation and is portable, we changed the material of the scintillator and the coded aperture.Materials and Methods: The existing GAGG(Ce) was replaced with Bi4Ge3O12 (BGO), a scintillator with high gamma-ray detection efficiency but low energy resolution, and replaced the tungsten (W) used in the existing coded aperture with lead (Pb). Each BGO scintillator is pixelated with 144 elements (12 × 12), and each pixel has an area of 4 mm × 4 mm and the scintillator thickness ranges from 5 to 20 mm (5, 10, and 20 mm). A coded aperture consisting of Pb with a thickness of 20 mm was applied to the BGO scintillators of all thicknesses.Results and Discussion: Spectroscopic characterization, imaging performance, and image quality evaluation revealed the 10 mm-thick BGO scintillators enabled the portable gamma-ray imager to deliver optimal performance. Although its performance is slightly inferior to that of existing GAGG(Ce)-based gamma-ray imager, the results confirmed that the manufacturing cost and the system’s overall weight can be reduced.Conclusion: Despite the spectral characteristics, imaging system performance, and image quality is slightly lower than that of GAGG(Ce), the results show that BGO scintillators are preferable for gamma-ray imaging systems in terms of cost and ease of deployment, and the proposed design is well worth applying to systems intended for use in areas that do not require high precision.
Isolated Unilateral EEG Findings in Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy: A Case Report
Authors: Suzgun Merve Aktan , Demirbilek Veysi
Published: January 2023

Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) has well-defined clinical and electrophysiological features. On the other hand, large case series have shown that focal and asymmetrical discharges may accompany generalized epileptiform activities in JME. Although it is known that these non-generalized electrophysiological findings do not exclude the diagnosis of this syndrome, some findings may create confusion in the differential diagnosis. In this case report, a case of JME with electroencephalographic findings characterized by isolated unilateral epileptiform activities without typical generalized discharges was discussed. The current case clinically presented with involuntary jerk movements in the bilateral upper extremities. It has been determined that these movements are uni/bilateral myoclonic beats based on home video recordings. Metabolic, toxic and structural problems were excluded in the investigations for the etiology of myoclonus. In the electrophysiological examination performed for epileptic processes, epileptiform discharges localized to the isolated right hemisphere were observed. JME was considered primarily due to clinical findings in the patient, and effective seizure control was achieved in a 4-year follow-up under anti-seizure treatment. The peculiarity of the case is the presence of electrophysiology recordings of isolated unilateral epileptiform activity during the 4-year follow-up period. It should be emphasized that there is no case of JME diagnosed with isolated unilateral epileptiform activity in the absence of generalized spike-slow waves or multiple spike-slow waves in the literature.
Analisis Bibliometrik Pola Produktivitas Pengarang Bidang Ilmu Perpustakaan Terindeks SINTA dengan Pendekatan Hukum Lotka
Authors: Sulis Nurmianti , Ibrahim Cecep , Jaya Asrul , Handayani Rivi
Published: January 2023

Penelitian ini merupakan kajian yang bertujuan untuk menganalisis pola produktivitas pengarang  pada artikel jurnal terindeks SINTA  dengan pendekatan strategi count. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan pengambilan data, dimana pengumpulan data unit analisis di lakukan dengan mengakses internet dan merekapitulasi data yang telah dikumpulkan. Penentuan jurnal bidang ilmu perpustakaan  diambil dari database SINTA berdasarkan Keyword “Ilmu Perpustakaan” Pada artikel jurnal terindeks SINTA yaitu terdapat 1796 artikel dan 1787 pengarang kemudian data dianalisis. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan diperoleh  nilai parameter n  sebesar 3,3572 dan c sebesar  0,8761. Hasil Kolmogorov Smirnov menunjukan bahwa Dmaks = 0,36522 dan nilai kritis taraf  α 0,05 yaitu nilai kritis 0,0321 sedangkan pada taraf  α = 0,01, nilai Dmaks 0,36522 pada nilai kritis 0,288. Hal tersebut menunjukan bahwa Dmaks lebih besar dari pada nilai kritis yang artinya terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara distribusi pengarang pada artikel jurnal terindeks SINTA dengan teori hukum lotka. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa pengarang yang paling produktif  adalah Ika Krismayani dengan jumlah artikel 20, sedangkan artikel yang paling banyak dikutip Technology Acceptance model (TAM) untuk menganalisis penerimaan terhadap sistem informasi di perpustakaan informasi perpustakaan dengan jumlah sitasi 233 dan jurnal yang paling banyak disitir adalah Khizanah al-Hikmah : Jurnal Ilmu Perpustakaan, Informasi, dan Kearsipan dengan jumlah sitasi 953. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pola produktivitas pengarang artikel jurnal terindeks SINTA bidang ilmu perpustakaan tahun tidak sesui dengan hokum lotka.
Cultural Streetscape: Its Value-System, Space and Significance in Oyo Town, Nigeria
Authors: OLUBI Abiodun Rufus
Published: January 2023

Cultural streetscape is a remarkable street scene that embodies the local culture. It helps in defining and defending urban forms, improves the physical, economic, and socio-cultural mechanisms of urban streets, provides street views for buildings, and shares communal activities and identities. Streetscape is a significant and multi-dynamic component of urban design that contributes to the success of cities and towns. However, as a result of constant urbanization and neglect, African streets that were previously sites of different cultural expressions and local beliefs are quickly turning into areas devoid of local values and meaning. More so, the significance of a cultural streetscape that facilitates ingenious street views, solves ecological challenges, and retains the local memory of places is becoming scarce in the literature. Through an in-depth interview, analysis of pertinent academic outputs, and firsthand observation of the core residential areas of Oyo town, this study revealed the value and significance of cultural streetscape in building, shaping, preserving and sustaining local place identity. Proper archiving and infusion of cultural streetscape elements into the old and new streets design are necessary to ensure Yoruba place identity does not completely become void.
The World Needs to Better Understand China
Authors: Tian Robert Guang
Published: January 2023

Chinese people are working together to build the Chinese path to modernization in the new era. In their book China in Xi Jinping Era, some Chinese scholars convey the lessons learned from China’s peaceful development to the world. To build a human community with a shared future, Chinese scholars must continue introducing China to the world by shaping a reliable, admirable and respectable image of China. Thus, the world can better understand China.
The Integration of Augmented Reality (AR) in Education
Authors: Marrahi Gomez Victor , Belda-Medina Jose
Published: January 2023

New teaching techniques have been adopted as a result of the emergence of innovative technological tools in the field of Augmented Reality (AR), as investigated in several articles to date (Hsu 2017; Forsythe & Raine 2019). The availability of AR applications, both vision, and location-based, allows students today to learn foreign languages in a more contextualized and immersive manner, thanks to the use of smartphones and other electronic devices. Thus, this study seeks to analyze and review the recent trends in AR implementation in education and to present the main projects aimed at teaching with AR-based projects that have been published in the latest years in WOS and Scopus.
Remaining silent: The ongoing presence of silent films on cinema programmes in Brno between 1930 and 1936
Authors: Večeřa Michal
Published: January 2023

The production of silent gilms in Czechoslovakia ended shortly after the advent of sound technology at the very end of the 1920s. The number of available silent films steadily decreased from that point on, yet some cinemas decided to continue to include them in their programming, even though they had sound equipment. The article analyses the scheduling of silent films in the specific case of two cinemas from the periphery of Brno, the second-largest city in Czechoslovakia. On the exhibitors’ side, there was a visible tendency to screen films 1) approximately two years from the premiere and 2) older with renowned stars or plot. This surprising presence of silent films in cinemas leads to the question: “Why were they still scheduled”? The answer lies both in the cinema owners, for whom silent films were a cheaper commodity, and in the audiences, who did not necessarily demand screenings of new sound films.
Dystrybucja filmów zagranicznych w Ludowej Republice Chorwacji na tle polityki kulturalnej Jugosławii (1944-1963)
Authors: Gluba Justyna
Published: January 2023

The subject of this article is the distribution of foreign films in the People’s Republic of Croatia in 1944-1963 against the background of Yugoslavia’s cultural policy. The author considers as foreign films those that were not made in Yugoslavia or in the production or co-production of Yugoslav studios. The article aims to show in a cross-sectionally way the trends that led to the import of films into Yugoslavia from specific countries. These tendencies were shaped primarily by political factors, which are also pointed out in the article.
Sources of mapping used in humanitarian emer- gencie: The case of Ebola
Authors: Martínez José  Antonio  Barra , Morales-Yago Francesco  José , De Lázaro-Torres María  Luisa
Published: January 2023

The need to rapidly respond to health emergencies has generated various institutional initiatives to identify their location, through mapping. This study employs a qualitative-exploratory method, based on the daily monitoring of eight Ebola epidemics between 2013 and 2021, to make an assessment of the usefulness of maps created specifically for Ebola. The results show that at least 14 organisations produce maps in the face of emergencies and epidemics such as Ebola. Consequently, it has been possible to design a search plan to aid in the monitoring of emergencies and to design an Ebola map with data obtained from these organisations and the initiatives they promote, which confirms the usefulness of these data sources and maps.
Life cycle sustainability assessment of decentralised com- posting of bio-waste: A case study of the Łódź agglomeration (Poland)
Authors: Rybaczewska-Błażejowska Magdalena , Mazurek Damian , Mazur Marcin
Published: January 2023

The study examines the concept of decentralised composting of bio-waste as an alternative approach to current waste management practices, using the Łódź Agglomeration (Poland) as an exemplary case study. Consequently, the aim of the presented research is to compare and discuss the sustainability of the functioning biowaste management system (status quo) against an alternative solution based on decentralised composting. Combined application of process-based life cycle assessment (LCA) and life cycle cost analysis (LCCA) was selected as the methodology to compare the sustainability framework for the waste management practices under analysis. The study has made it clear that decentralised composting of bio-waste offers broader environmental, economic and social benefits, albeit with the level of that benefit being very much correlated with the type of local government area (commune or in Polish gmina). Regardless of the impact category, rural and urban–rural gminas achieved the greatest savings, reaching >90%, and thus are seen to offer the greatest potential for decentralised composting to be put into effect, on the basis of household/backyard composting. In consequence, decentralised composting can constitute a fundamental form of bio-waste management in 20 out of the 28 gminas of the Łódź Agglomeration. The results obtained from the research facilitate the implementation and wider utilisation of decentralised composting, as an important element of the transition to a circular economy, where bio-waste is concerned.
Validation of cognitive and neuromuscular latencies using an iPad-based tool to quantify simple reaction times in asymptomatic subjects
Authors: Hallgren Richard C. , Rogers John
Published: January 2023

Context

Simple reaction times (SRTs), measured in milliseconds (msec), are equal to the sum of subject-dependent latencies that occur during cognitive processing and neuromuscular responses to a preprogrammed stimulus presented to a subject. SRTs have the advantage of being a relatively pure, neurologically driven motor/sensory task that provides a clinician with a generalized assessment of functional deficits. SRTs are easily obtained, and studies have reported that the average number of finger-taps during a 10-s interval can be utilized to distinguish between patients with mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) and healthy controls.

Objectives

A stimulus/response SRT protocol, utilizing an iPad-based tool, was utilized to see if differentiation and quantification of individual components of cognitive latency (CL) and neuromuscular latency (NL) from a subject’s total SRT could be accomplished. The study hypothesis was that cognitive latencies, related to a specific cognitive challenge, would remain constant even as latencies due to neuromuscular challenges changed.

Methods

Two categories of SRT tests were utilized. The first was a simple finger tapping test (FTT), without any cognitive involvement, that was designed to quantify pure NL. The second test was a choice test (CT) that was characterized by the addition of a cognitive task to the FTT. The objective of the FTT was for the subject to simply tap a single target positioned on the iPad screen as fast as possible over an interval of 10 s. Measurement of the SRT began when a target was displayed and ended when the target was tapped. Two levels of challenge for the FTT and CT tests were presented to the subjects: a small random displacement (SD) of the target of up to 6 mm, and a large random displacement (LD) of the target of up to 24 mm. It was expected that the magnitude of the SRT (FTT) would be directly related to the magnitude of the displacement of the target due to kinematic response characteristics of the hand and arm.

Results

To validate the study hypothesis, CL for both small and large displacements was calculated by subtracting the respective NL from the total SRT. Utilizing a repeated measures t-test analysis utilizing SPSS, a significant difference between CL (SD) and CL (LD) at p=0.696 was not observed.

Conclusions

Differentiation and quantification of individual components of CL and NL from a subject’s total SRT was accomplished. An Apple iPad Pro was selected as a platform for our study because: (1) it is readily available, affordable, and programmable; (2) it meets a requirement for portability; and (3) it allows the modification/addition of test parameters to meet future needs. The ability to quantify the extent of cognitive and neuromuscular dysfunction in the TBI patient is an essential component of developing an effective treatment plan.
A prospective cohort study: can advanced ultrasonography replace magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of placental adhesion disorders?
Authors: Ari Sabahattin Anil , Suner Asli , Senkaya Ayse Rabia , Okmen Firat , Akdemir Ali , Ergenoglu Ahmet Mete
Published: January 2023

Objectives

To define and compare the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasonography (USG) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for the placental adhesive disorder (PAD).

Methods

A prospective study was conducted between January 2019 and February 2020 in a tertiary referral university hospital. A total of 115 placenta previa cases were included in the study during the third trimester of gestation. USG examination was performed, and the placenta was scanned in a systematic manner using gray-scale ultrasound, color Doppler flow mapping, and 3-D imaging for each participant. Thereafter, all participants underwent an MRI examination. USG and MRI findings were compared with histopathological findings.

Results

Loss of the retroplacental sonolucent zone (71% [95% CI 47–88]) and an irregular retroplacental sonolucent zone (71% [95% CI 47–88]) were the most sensitive USG parameters. For MRI, the uterine bulging parameter was the most sensitive (60% [95% CI 36–80]) and specific (91% [95% CI 83–96]) findings, and it had the highest accuracy rate (85% [95% CI 77–91]). Overall, the USG sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy rates were 77% (95% CI 54–92), 87% (95% CI 79–93), and 85% (95% CI 77–91), respectively. The MRI sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy rates for all participants were 81% (95% CI 59–94), 85% (95% CI 76–92), and 84% (95% CI 76–90), respectively.

Conclusions

In the diagnosis of PAD, the specificity and accuracy of USG are higher than that of MRI, whereas the sensitivity of MRI is better than that of USG.
Effects of cubic boron nitride (c-BN) nanoparticle addition on the wear properties of carbon FRP composites
Authors: Uzay Çağrı
Published: January 2023

Boron nitride (BN) nanostructures are a relatively new type of filler and highly convenient for aerospace applications due to its high strength, excellent thermal resistance, and acting as radiation shielding. Cubic BN (c-BN) nanoparticle is a structural form in crystalline shape and offers outstanding characteristics because it can provide additional improvements through the thickness of laminated composites. This study investigates the effects of c-BN nanoparticle addition on the wear properties of carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites. The polymer matrix was modified with c-BN nanoparticles at weight ratios of 1, 2, 3, and 4%, respectively, and then reinforced with carbon fibers. The Vickers microhardness measurements showed that dispersion of c-BN nanoparticles into the matrix dramatically enhanced the surface hardness of the composite structures. Additionally, tribological examination revealed that friction coefficient values of the composites were extraordinarily reduced due to the presence of c-BN nanoparticles. The improved wear resistance was also exhibited with wear track profiles. Scanned electron microscopy images have confirmed the experimental findings. The c-BN nanoparticles can be used as secondary reinforcement for CFRP composites, and these hybrid systems could be strong material candidates for several industries like aviation, aerospace, and electronics due to their excellent wear properties.
Neural computing with coherent laser networks
Authors: Miri Mohammad-Ali , Menon Vinod
Published: January 2023

We show that coherent laser networks (CLNs) exhibit emergent neural computing capabilities. The proposed scheme is built on harnessing the collective behavior of laser networks for storing a number of phase patterns as stable fixed points of the governing dynamical equations and retrieving such patterns through proper excitation conditions, thus exhibiting an associative memory property. It is discussed that despite the large storage capacity of the network, the large overlap between fixed-point patterns effectively limits pattern retrieval to only two images. Next, we show that this restriction can be uplifted by using nonreciprocal coupling between lasers and this allows for utilizing a large storage capacity. This work opens new possibilities for neural computation with coherent laser networks as novel analog processors. In addition, the underlying dynamical model discussed here suggests a novel energy-based recurrent neural network that handles continuous data as opposed to Hopfield networks and Boltzmann machines that are intrinsically binary systems.
Effect of Blend Ratio and Fabric Structure on Thermal Comfort Properties of Organic Cotton/Microdenier Polyester Knitted Fabrics
Authors: Sivakumar K. , Saravanan D. , Udaya Krithika S. M. , Prakash C.
Published: January 2023

By enhancing the knitted materials’ thermal comfort behavior, fabric comfort is produced. In this study, the thermal comfort properties of organic cotton and microdenier polyester blended in ratios of 100:0, 50:50, and 0:100 in four different structures (single jersey, cross tuck, cross miss, and twill) and at two different loop lengths (0.32 cm and 0.35 cm) were examined. The thermal comfort characteristics of several knitted fabrics were examined by objective fabric testing. The findings evidently showed that knitted fabrics comprising 100 % microdenier polyester exhibit excellent thermal comfort qualities and feature a commendable level of comfort, making them suitable for active sporting textiles. The fabric’s structure and the size of its loops have a great impact on the fabric’s thermal property. The knitted fabric manufactured from 100 % microdenier polyester with a cross-miss structure on a loop length of 0.35 cm exhibits a superior thermal comfort characteristic in comparison with the other samples.
A conceptual model of decision-making support of thevolunteer team in conditions of dynamic changes
Authors: Horpenko Danylo R.
Published: January 2023

The paper examines the problem of decision-making by a team of volunteers in transport logistics tasks under conditions of dynamic changes in the external environment. Transport logistics is a system of organizing cargo delivery to the place of need along a certain route. The task of transport logistics, during dynamic changes in the external environment, is a task of multi-criteria selection due to consideration of various criteria. Solving the problems of transport logistics requires the construction of aconceptual model of decision-making support, regarding the choice of the best route, taking into account all the factors that influence decision-making, and the choice of the decision-making method. The multi-criteria decision-making methodswhich are used in the transport sector are analyzed. A conceptual model of decision-making support for choosing the optimal route in the transport logistics problem is proposed. Verification of the proposed model was carried out, for which the task of choosing the bestroute of cargo transportation in the transport logistics problem was set and solved. When finding a solution, the multi-criteria decision-making methods were used: Analytic Hierarchy Process method, Multiplicative Analytic Hierarchy Process method, SimpleMulti-Attribute Rating Technique method, improved Simple Multi-Attribute Rating Technique method. The criteria used to evaluate alternative routes for cargo transportation were identified based on volunteer surveys. In order to evaluate the alternatives according to the established criteria, volunteer experts were involved, since during dynamic changes in the conditions of cargo transportation, the involvement of professional experts is a difficult task. To establish the reliability of the evaluations of alternatives according to the criteria obtained from volunteer experts, the Kendall and Spearman correlation coefficients were calculated. Analytic Hierarchy Process method, Multiplicative Analytic Hierarchy Process method, and the improved Simple Multi-Attribute Rating Technique method are found to provide the most reliable results, but the Analytic Hierarchy Process method and Multiplicative Analytic Hierarchy Process methods are more time-consuming during data inputthan the improved Smart method.
THE EFFECT OF DISPERSION TIME ON THE STRUCTURE AND THERMOPHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF SYSTEMS BASED ON POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL AND MONTMORILLONITE
Authors:   Petro Mohyla Black Sea National University, 10, 68 Desantnikiv str., Mykolaiv, 54003, Ukraine, BILYI S.A. , LYSENKOV E.A. ,   Petro Mohyla Black Sea National University, 10, 68 Desantnikiv str., Mykolaiv, 54003, Ukraine, NESIN S.D. ,   Institute of macromolecular Chemistry NAS of Ukraine, 48, Kharkivske shose, Kyiv, 02155, Ukraine, Klepko V.V. ,   Institute of macromolecular Chemistry NAS of Ukraine, 48, Kharkivske shose, Kyiv, 02155, Ukraine
Published: January 2023

In this work, the effect of ultrasonic dispersion time on the structural and thermophysical properties of nanocomposites was studied. Model systems were made based on polyethylene glycol and montmorillonite. All samples had the same composition and filler content (5% by weight), the ultrasonic treatment time was from 5 to 12 minutes. The methods of wide-angle X-ray scattering and differential scanning calorimetry were used to establish the dependence of the properties of the systems on the dispersion time. Data analysis of the obtained results showed that the variation of ultrasonic dispersion time significantly affects the properties of polymer nanocomposites. As the mixing time increases, the interplanar distance of montmorillonite increases, which indicates an increase in the degree of intercalation of the polymer matrix. At the same time, the crystallinity of the nanocomposite decreases, which corresponds to the increase in the area of the polymer/filler boundary layer. The melting temperature of the nanocomposite increases with increasing dispersion time. This trend is a consequence of the complication of the thermal movement of polymer molecules due to the presence of a developed surface of the filler. It is shown that with an increase in the sonication time, the part of the immobilized amorphous fraction of the polymer increases. This is explained by the fact that the polymer intercalated in the interlayer space of montmorillonite loses its ability to cooperative movement, that is, to glass transition. It was established that the maximum improvement of system properties is observed at a dispersion time of 10 min. In this state, the montmorillonite particles are most stratified, which leads to the maximum increase in the area of the boundary layer. During further mixing, processes of aggregation of montmorillonite particles and destruction of polymer molecules occur, which leads to the loss of the desired properties of the nanocomposite. Finding the optimal mixing time of a polymer nanocomposite makes it possible to obtain the desired properties of systems with a defined composition.
Клік-хімія та біоортогональні реакції: прорив в епоху функціональності в хімії
Authors: Вовк Михайло Володимирович
Published: January 2023

Цьогорічними лауреатами Нобелівської премії з хімії стали американські дослідники Каролін Бертоцці (Carolyn R. Bertozzi) та Баррі Шарплесс (Karl Barry Sharpless), а також данський хімік Мортен Мелдал (Morten P. Meldal) «за розвиток клік-хімії та біоортогональної хімії». Як зазначено у пресрелізі Нобелівського комітету, Б. Шарплесс і М. Мелдал «заклали основу для функціональної форми хімії — клік-хімії, в якій молекулярні блоки з’єднуються швидко та ефективно». К. Бертоцці, у свою чергу, «перевела клік-хімію у новий вимір і почала використовувати її при роботі з живими організмами. …Її біоортогональні реакції відбуваються без порушення нормальної хімії клітини. Зараз ці реакції застосовують у всьому світі для дослідження клітин і відстеження біологічних процесів. …Клік-хімія та біоортогональні реакції перенесли хімію в епоху функціональності. Це дає найбільшу користь людству».
Моделювання хвильових та турбулентних процесів у плазмі ближнього космосу
Authors: Черемних Олег Костянтинович
Published: January 2023

У доповіді наведено найважливіші результати, отримані останнім часом в Інституті космічних досліджень НАН України та ДКА України з моделювання колективних процесів у плазмі ближнього космосу. Окреслено низку математичних проблем, які потрібно розв’язати для опису спостережуваних явищ і подальшого планування космічних експериментів.
Pediatric Evaluation and Management Coding Revisions
Authors:   American Academy of Pediatrics
Published: January 2023

Pediatric Evaluation and Management Coding Revisions: Facility and Office Services is filled with expert guidance to help prepare for the changes coming to Current Procedural Terminology (CPT®) facility-based evaluation and management coding in 2023. It also reviews the major updates that were made to office-based evaluation and management coding in 2021. Available for purchase at https://www.aap.org/pediatric-evaluation-and-management-coding-revisions-facility-and-office-services-paperback/
Análise imagética do Filo Cnidaria em Livros Didáticos de Biologia a partir da Teoria Cognitivista da Aprendizagem Multimídia (TCAM)
Authors: Bezerra dos Santos Juliana , da Silva Renato Amorim , Da Silva Anderson Thiago Monteiro , Das Neves Ricardo Ferreira
Published: January 2023

O presente artigo objetivou analisar a abordagem imagética do Filo Cnidaria em Livros Didáticos do Ensino Médio por meio da Teoria Cognitivista da Aprendizagem Multimídia (TCAM). As imagens foram analisadas em nove Livros de Biologia, nos capítulos referentes aos cnidários, sendo classificadas como Valor Didático (VD) e Valor não Didático (VnD). Foram identificadas 171 imagens, com 39 ilustrações de VD que apresentaram desvios imagéticos, ou seja, imagens insatisfatórias considerando a análise de acordo com os Princípios da Coerência (PC), Sinalização (PS) e Contiguidade Espacial (PCE). Todos os livros apresentaram alguma imagem com desvio, sendo o PCE o mais recorrente. É necessário estabelecer critérios para inserção de imagens em Livros Didáticos, visando diminuir equívocos de aprendizagem e facilitar o processo de ensino-aprendizagem dos estudantes.
Palavras-chave: Ensino aprendizagem; imagens; zoologia; cnidários.
NEGARA USMANI DAN HILAL AHMER CEMIYETI DI INDONESIA SELAMA PERANG DUNIA I (1914-1918)
Authors: Supratman Frial Ramadhan
Published: January 2023

Setelah Syaihulislam Usmani, Ali Hayri Efendi, membacakan deklarasi jihad di Masjid Fatih, Istanbul pada November 1914, Usmani melakukan mobilisasi besar-besaran guna memenangkan Perang Dunia I (1914-1918). Muslim di seluruh dunia juga mengetahui kabar bergabungnya Usmani ke dalam koalisi Triple Entente dalam Perang Dunia I. Deklarasi jihad pun disebarkan melalui surat kabar-surat kabar lokal di dunia Islam (Alem-i Islam), termasuk Indonesia. Muslim Indonesia, kebanyakan Arab Hadrami, kemudian membentuk Komite Hilal Ahmer Cemiyeti (Hilal Ahmer Cemiyeti) guna mengumpulkan donasi yang digunakan untuk membantu orang-orang Usmani yang sedang mengalami kesulitan selama perang. Penelitian ini membahas mengenai pembentukan Komite Hilal Ahmer Cemiyeti di Indonesia untuk membantu negara Usmani. Dengan menggunakan sumber primer  berupa surat kabar Indonesia yang tersimpan di Perpustakaan Nasional Republik Indonesia, penulis ingin melihat sejarah Usmani dan Indonesia pada Perang Dunia I dalam konteks global.