bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The ichthyofauna of a poorly known area in the middle-southern Espinhaço mountain range, state of Minas Gerais, Brazil: diagnostics and identification keys
Authors: dos Santos Sérgio Alexandre , de Britto Marcelo Ribeiro
Published: August 2021

Knowledge about the taxonomy and fish composition from the upper rio Paraúna (rio São Francisco basin) and upper rio Santo Antônio (rio Doce basin) in the middle portion of the Southern Espinhaço mountain range, state of Minas Gerais, Brazil is still incipient. Only few studies focusing on ichthyofaunistic diagnostic and species descriptions in the lower stretches of the rio Santo Antônio are available. Herein the aim was to provide a species list of the freshwater ichthyofauna from the headwaters of both basins in such region, and to verify the occurrence of threatened, exotic, and potentially new species. Sixty species were registered, with 34 associated to the upper rio Paraúna, and 40 to the upper rio Santo Antônio. Two species are included in some threatened category, three are exotics, and 14 represent potentially new species. An identification key of the fish species recorded in the area is also provided.
Selva Zoque, Mexico: an important Mesoamerican tropical region for reptile species diversity and conservation
Authors: Aguilar-López José Luis , Luría-Manzano Ricardo , Pineda Eduardo , Canseco-Márquez Luis
Published: August 2021

The Selva Zoque region is characterized by a great variety of ecosystems for which there is little information about reptile species diversity and their conservation status. This study is the first assessment of the species richness, composition, and conservation status of reptiles of this region. Additionally, this information is compared with that of seven other tropical regions in northern Mesoamerica. In total, 141 native reptile species belonging to 81 genera and 29 families are recorded for the Selva Zoque region. Sixty species (42% of the total) recorded in Selva Zoque are in high-risk categories according to the Mexican Ministry of the Environment, the highest number for the Mexican regions of Mesoamerica. According to the IUCN, six species are in high-risk categories, seven species are in Data Deficient, and 23 (16%) have not been evaluated yet. According to the Environmental Vulnerability Scores approach, 28 species (20%) are in the high vulnerability category. The Selva Zoque species composition is most similar to Los Tuxtlas and Lacandona regions, and most dissimilar to Sian Ka´an Biosphere Reserve. The reptilian fauna of Selva Zoque has a distinctive composition, with the highest number (11 species) of endemic reptiles in the northern Mesoamerican, and species from two biogeographic provinces: the Gulf of Mexico and the Mexican Pacific Coast. These results indicate that the Selva Zoque is the most diverse region in native reptile species in northern Mesoamerica, highlighting it as extremely important for the conservation of the reptile fauna at local (southern Mexico) and regional levels (northern Mesoamerica).
New species of the genus Inversidens Haas, 1911 (Unionoida, Unionidae, Gonideinae) from Jiangxi Province, China
Authors: Wu Ruiwen , Liu Xiongjun , Kondo Takaki , Ouyang Shan , Wu Xiaoping
Published: August 2021

We diagnose and describe a new freshwater mussel species of the genus Inversidens, I. rentianensissp. nov. from Jiangxi Province, China based on morphological characters and molecular data. This paper includes a morphological description and photograph of the holotype, and partial sequences of mitochondrial COI as DNA barcode data.
A new genus and ten new species of spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) from Iran
Authors: Zamani Alireza , Marusik Yuri M.
Published: August 2021

One new genus (Sestakovaiagen. nov.; Liocranidae) and 10 new species of five families of spiders are described from different provinces of Iran: Brigittea avicennasp. nov. (♂♀, Alborz and Kurdistan provinces) (Dictynidae), Micaria atropatenesp. nov. (♂, East Azerbaijan Province), Zagrotes bornasp. nov. (♂, Hormozgan Province), Z. parlasp. nov. (♂, Kerman Province) (Gnaphosidae), Sestakovaia hyrcaniasp. nov. (♂, Golestan Province), Mesiotelus patrickisp. nov. (♂, Golestan Province) (Liocranidae), Palpimanus carmaniasp. nov. (♂, Kerman Province), P. persicussp. nov. (♂♀, Hormozgan Province) (Palpimanidae), Rhysodromus genoensissp. nov. (♂, Hormozgan Province), and R. medessp. nov. (♂, Hormozgan Province) (Philodromidae). Furthermore, Sestakovaia annulipes (Kulczyński, 1897), comb. nov. (ex. Mesiotelus) and Zagrotes bifurcatus (Zamani, Chatzaki, Esyunin & Marusik, 2021), comb. nov. (ex. Berinda) are proposed as new combinations.
Above and beyond: Schools supporting their communities during the Covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Othacéhé Élise
Published: August 2021

British education has faced an upheaval during the Covid-19 pandemic. Before the pandemic, schools often went beyond traditional interpretations of what was needed for educational provision. This article explores how those interpretations have been challenged by the response to Covid-19.
It discusses the various ways in which, during the crisis, schools have supported their communities and the most vulnerable in them. It looks at how schools themselves have transformed from local hubs into comprehensive community support networks. It suggests that through the provision of
emergency childcare, material resources and locally varying forms of support beyond traditional remits, schools have significantly enhanced their communities' ability to cope with the Covid-19 pandemic. It concludes by suggesting a number of positive consequences accruing from this support,
including strengthened school-community relationships and mutually enhanced teacher/parent recognition.
2021 Korean Heart Rhythm Society Guidelines: Management of Atrial Fibrillation in Specific Clinical Settings
Authors: Hwang You Mi , Lim Hong Euy , Lee Dae In , Yu Hee Tae , Park Yae Min , Joung Boyoung
Published: August 2021

Optimized management of atrial fibrillation requires patient-oriented decision making with a multidisciplinary approach. This report incorporates recent authoritative studies to provide detailed recommendations for managing atrial fibrillation in specific clinical settings. The principles of the Atrial fibrillation Better Care (ABC) pathway apply in these clinical settings. In addition, specific considerations are discussed for each of these conditions and populations.
2021 Korean Heart Rhythm Society Guidelines for Stroke Prevention in Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Lee Ki Hong , Kim Jin-Bae , Shin Seung Yong , Joung Boyoung
Published: August 2021

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a strong risk factor for ischemic stroke and systemic embolism. To prevent thromboembolic events in patients with AF, anticoagulation therapy is essential. The anticoagulant strategy is determined after stroke and bleeding risk assessments using the CHA2DS2-VASc and HAS-BLED scores, respectively; both consider clinical risk factors. Vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) are the sole anticoagulant option in AF patients with a prosthetic mechanical valve or moderate-severe mitral stenosis; in all other AF patients VKA or non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants are therapeutic options. However, antiplatelet therapy should not be used for stroke prevention in AF patients. Anticoagulation is not needed in AF patients with low stroke risk but strongly recommended in those with a with low bleeding risk. Left atrial appendage (LAA) occlusion offers an alternative in AF patients in whom long-term anticoagulation is contraindicated. Surgical occlusion or the exclusion of LAA can be considered for stroke prevention in AF patients undergoing cardiac surgery. In this article, we review existing data for stroke prevention and suggest optimal strategies to prevent stroke in AF patients.
Aquagenic Urticaria Treated with Omalizumab
Authors: Ha Ye Jin , Jung So Yeong , Lee Seong Geun , Park Chan Sun
Published: August 2021

Aquagenic urticaria is a rare form of physical urticaria in which a 1-2 mm wheal is produced by contact with water. Treatment options include antihistamines, ultraviolet monotherapy, topical barrier creams, and acetylcholine antagonists. Despite these pharmacologic measures, the symptoms are frequently refractory to therapy. Aquagenic urticaria lowers the patient’s quality of life and causes daily discomfort. Recently, a patient with aquagenic urticaria treated with omalizumab was reported. Here, we describe a 22-year-old man with a 3-year history of aquagenic urticaria confirmed by a water immersion test. Because he showed no improvement with antihistamines, the patient began omalizumab treatment and demonstrated an excellent response. This case provides new information for clinicians.
Témoignages, expériences, démonstrations
Authors: Quiviger Gwenael
Published: August 2021

Certaines pratiques culturelles collectives comme les danses traditionnelles font intervenir l’héritage culturel individuel, familial et communautaire, un ensemble patrimonial et mémoriel à « activer » en tant que savoir et savoir-faire. Ces « capacités » peuvent être mobilisées au sein d’une intervention sociale interculturelle par la mise en place d’un processus d’appropriation du pouvoir d’agir respectant la culture de la personne.
Des pratiques d’empowerment
Authors: Martinak Emilie
Published: August 2021

A travers une action menée par des jeunes afin d’obtenir une loi pour renforcer la sécurité des filles en matière de violence sexuelle dans les écoles, nous verrons comment celle-ci a pu être impulsée par une approche de prévention et d’accompagnement basée sur le développement de leur pouvoir d’agir.
L’empowerment par l’animation d’un atelier philosophie/débat : augmenter le pouvoir d’agir par l’agir communicationnel, au sein d’un espace public démocratique et participatif
Authors: Mandelcwajg Sacha
Published: August 2021

En tant qu'animateur social pour des séniors au sein d'une institution médico-sociale, nous animons avec une trentaine d’usagers un atelier philosophie / débat depuis cinq ans. Notre question de départ est la suivante : dans quelle mesure cet atelier est-il un espace public qui rend possible l’empowerment de ses membres, et permet une démocratie participative où chaque usager peut prendre la parole et contribuer au débat ? Pour répondre à cette question, nous mobilisons essentiellement la théorie de l’agir communicationnel et le concept d’espace public chez Habermas. Cela nous permettra de résoudre la problématique de l’animation sociale autour de l’injonction à la participation. Notons que les noms des personnes mentionnées dans cette article sont modifiés pour respecter leur anonymat.
Questionnements et enjeux pour les travailleurs sociaux : milieu engagé, entre Pouvoir d’Agir et neutralité politique
Authors: Decamp André
Published: August 2021

Peut-on allier neutralité politique et pouvoir d’agir ? Quelle posture adopter pour un responsable de centre social, en évitant influence environnementale, économique, sociale ? Le « pouvoir d’agir » des structures sociales devient incompatible avec la rentabilité et la dépendance financière. Populations, militants, intervenants et interactions humaines en sont impactés. Il devient illusoire de concrétiser le « pouvoir d’agir » en « puissance d’agir ».
On a second-order functional evolution problem with time and state dependent maximal monotone operators
Authors: Saïdi Soumia
Published: August 2021

The present paper proposes, in a real separable Hilbert space, to analyze the existence of solutions for a class of perturbed second-order state-dependent maximal monotone operators with a finite delay. The dependence of the operators is -in some sense- absolutely continuous (or bounded continuous) variation in time, and Lipschitz continuous in state. The approach to solve our problem is based on a discretization scheme. The uniqueness result is applied to optimal control.
Stabilization of higher order Schrödinger equations on a finite interval: Part II
Authors: Özsarı Türker , Yılmaz Kemal Cem
Published: August 2021

Backstepping based controller and observer models were designed for higher order linear and nonlinear Schrödinger equations on a finite interval in [3] where the controller was assumed to be acting from the left endpoint of the medium. In this companion paper, we further the analysis by considering boundary controller(s) acting at the right endpoint of the domain. It turns out that the problem is more challenging in this scenario as the associated boundary value problem for the backstepping kernel becomes overdetermined and lacks a smooth solution. The latter is essential to switch back and forth between the original plant and the so called target system. To overcome this difficulty we rely on the strategy of using an imperfect kernel, namely one of the boundary conditions in kernel PDE model is disregarded. The drawback is that one loses rapid stabilization in comparison with the left endpoint controllability. Nevertheless, the exponential decay of the \begin{document}$ L^2 $\end{document}-norm with a certain rate still holds. The observer design is associated with new challenges from the point of view of wellposedness and one has to prove smoothing properties for an associated initial boundary value problem with inhomogeneous boundary data. This problem is solved by using Laplace transform in time. However, the Bromwich integral that inverts the transformed solution is associated with certain analyticity issues which are treated through a subtle analysis. Numerical algorithms and simulations verifying the theoretical results are given.
Cultural Biases in Transitional Writing Courses and Their Effect on Hispanic Students in Texas
Authors: Rivera Nora K.
Published: August 2021

High school students in the United States have the option of taking advanced placement (AP) courses designed to prepare them to take AP exams that will potentially give them the opportunity to receive college credits for first-year undergraduate courses. This chapter examines the cultural biases present in the AP English Language and Composition course and exam, which focus on skills and knowledges typically learned in a first-year composition course. With culturally relevant theory in mind, this work specifically draws attention to the effects of such cultural biases on Hispanic students in Texas, a state where the number of Hispanic students surpasses the number of students from any other cultural background.
Rethinking Creative Writing Pedagogy in a Multilingual Composition Classroom
Authors: Teplova Maryna
Published: August 2021

This chapter aims to redefine creative writing pedagogy in terms of a literacy practice to identify the role of creative writing in establishing community literacy in ESL classrooms and to determine the ways in which creative writing might be implemented in the ESL composition class with a view to fostering community literacy. The chapter defines the scope of the following concepts and defines the corresponding working terms in the chapter: community literacy, creative writing pedagogy, composition classroom, etc. The first part of the chapter provides the overview of the theoretical works of the researchers whose views and concepts serve as the foundation for the current research. The second part of the chapter identifies specific creative writing techniques to be utilized in the ESL classroom for establishing community literacy.
Discriminatory Writing Assessment Practices in First-Year Composition
Authors: Lohani Suresh
Published: August 2021

Discriminatory writing assessment practices in first-year composition are rampant across academic institutions in the U.S. These practices have helped perpetuate standard language ideology that serves the interests of the institutionalized racism and done a disservice to Black, Indigenous, and People of Color (BIPOC), whose writing practices fail to abide by the conventions of standard English. This chapter holds implicit biases and stereotypical perceptions engendered by instructors and academia chiefly responsible for these discriminatory assessment practices and argues that these go against the spirit of social justice in writing classrooms, particularly impacting academic trajectories and other life chances of BIPOC students. Finally, it offers some recommendations on how these unfair assessment practices that rest on implicit biases can be checked using culturally relevant pedagogy, which incorporates translingualism and multimodality, and the roles different stakeholders can play in this process.
Bone Density and Fall Risk Screening in Algarve
Authors: Vieira Ribeiro Luis Pedro , João Pinheiro , Abrantes António Fernando C. L. , Ribeiro Anabela de Magalhães , Vicente Bianca I. C. , Almeida Rui Pedro Pereira de , Gonçalves Tânia , Ferreira Maria Augusta , Farinha Maria Conceição , Azevedo Kevin Barros
Published: August 2021

Osteoporosis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality around the world and is a silent disease characterized by low bone strength that results in an increased risk of fracture. The benefits of being physically active in advanced ages to reduce the loss of bone mineral density (BMD) and improve functional capacities are well known. Quantitative ultrasound (QUS) is a peripheral bone densitometry technique that is rapidly gaining in popularity for the assessment of skeletal status, along with fall risk assessment. This chapter consists of a brief review of the literature on osteoporosis and describes ongoing activities on bone density and fall risk prevention in Algarve, Portugal as part of EIP AHA´s action group on fall prevention with the presentation of a preliminary study. This study aimed to demonstrate that the postmenopausal female seniors who adhere to the recommendations for the regular program of physical activity after osteoporosis screening one year later show a slower decrease in BMD.
Fall Prevention Education
Authors: Äijö Marja Anneli , de Abreu Cidalina da Conceição Ferreira , Goswami Nandu
Published: August 2021

Current demographic development requires appropriate care (informal/formal) for falls prevention in the growing older population across different settings as well as in the community. The development of new knowledge and research must be echoed in education and training of healthcare staff and also in the society. There is an urgent need to develop an interdisciplinary and interprofessional Master of Gerontology (“Master of Active and Healthy Aging”), which brings together research and practice. The innovative character of the program should be highlighted by the holistic perspective, incorporating courses in medical, nursing, rehabilitation, social, behavioral, psychological, economic, physiological, and management service aspects related to aging. A strong focus should be on active aging as well as the empowerment of self-care and (care) independency leading to falls prevention. In fall prevention work, new educational structures to teach and develop the workways across the Europe is needed.
Patient Safety
Authors: Ribeiro Anabela de Magalhães , Ribeiro Luis Pedro , Silva Carlos Alberto , Magalhães-Ribeiro Luís Pedro
Published: August 2021

The purpose of this chapter is to give a perspective of patient safety culture by users of public health units through a qualitative analysis of open questions asked. The sample consists of 241 patients from the health region of Algarve. The open questions were the object of content analysis in thematic and categorical form, followed by lexical treatment using the Iramuteq software. From the patients' point of view, the evolution of patient safety is the result of an understanding of the meaning of the highlighted terms (safety, health, meaning), as well as of the intervention and improvement in these categories. It is known with these associations that for the patient, patient safety involves the existence of professionals for each individual (personal) and the existence of a receptive and empathic nature on the part of the professionals (human), as well as the need to demystify care for the understanding of patients (technician/knowledge) and the provision of care completely focused on the patient (attention).
Information and Process in Health
Authors: Eklund Patrik
Published: August 2021

Cooperation and partnership in healthy ageing enhances and enriches the underlying information and process models within integrated care. On information, functioning oriented data as part of health and social data describes medical conditions and functioning capacity of the older person. Similarly, the notion of a good practice, as embracing a conglomerate of guidelines, is also well understood but less so in terms of process substance. Process structure granularity is often quite coarse and less formal, comparable to process descriptions annotated with clinical guidelines. This chapter describes an algebraic framework for representation of functioning data typically found in contexts of integrated care processes in healthy ageing.
Cooperative Relaying Communication in IoT Applications for 5G Radio Networks
Authors: Kumar Rajeev , Hossain Ashraf
Published: August 2021

This chapter presents cooperative relaying networks that are helpful in Internet of Thing (IoT) applications for fifth-generation (5G) radio networks. It provides reliable connectivity as the wireless device is out of range from cellular network, high throughput gains and enhance the lifetime of wireless networks. These features can be achieved by designing the advanced protocols. The design of advanced protocols plays an important role to combat the effect of channel fading, data packet scheduling at the buffered relay, average delay, and traffic intensity. To achieve our goals, we consider two-way cooperative buffered relay networks and then investigate advanced protocols such as without channel state information (CSI) i.e., buffer state information (BSI) only and with partial transmit CSI i.e., BSI/CSI with the assistance of one dimensional Markov chain and transmission policies in fading environment. The outage probability of consecutive links and outage probability of multi-access and broadcast channels are provided in closed-form. Further, the buffered relay achieves maximum throughput gains in closed-form for all these protocols. The objective function of throughput of the buffered relay is evaluated in fractional programming that is transformed into linear program using standard CVX tool. Numerical results show that our proposed protocols performance better as compared to conventional method studied in the literature. Finally, this chapter provides possible future research directions.
IoT-Based Smart Agriculture
Authors: K. Kishore Kumar
Published: August 2021

Smart farming is an evolving concept since IoT sensors are capable of providing agricultural field information and then acting on the basis of user feedback. The main factor in improving the yield of efficient crops is the control of environmental conditions. There is a small yard, farmland, or a plantation area for most of us. However, our busy timetable does not allow us to manage it well. But we can easily accomplish it with the use of technology. So, the authors make an IoT-based smart farming system that can control soil moisture. As data has become a critical component in modern agriculture to assist producers with critical decisions and make a decision with objective data obtained from sensors, significant advantages emerge. This chapter explores the current state of advanced farm management systems by revisiting each critical phase, from data collection in crop fields to variable rate applications, in order for growers to make informed decisions save money while also protecting the environment and transforming how food is grown to meet potential population growth.
Mobile Geo-Fencing Triggers for Alerting Entries Into COVID-19 Containment Zones Using IoT
Authors: Ramana Rao M. V. , Adilakshmi Thondepu , Venkatesh M. Gokul , R Jothikumar
Published: August 2021

In a thickly populated nation like India, it is hard to forecast community transmission of COVID-19. Hence, a number of containment zones had been recognized all over the country separated into red, orange, and green zones, individually. People are restricted to move into these containment zones. This chapter focuses on informing the public about the containment zone when they are in travel and also sends an alert to the police when a person enters the containment zone without permission using the containment zone alert system. This chapter suggests a containment zone alert system by means of geo-fencing technology to identify the movement of public, deliver info about the danger to the public in travel and also send an alert to the police when there is an entry or exit detected in the containment zone by the use of location-based services (LBS). By creating a fence virtually called geo-fence at the containment zones established based on the government info, this system monitors public movements like entry and exit to fence.
Recent Trends in Wearable Device Technology for Health State Monitoring
Authors: Kanmani Ruby E. D. , Janani P. , Mahalakshmi V. , Sathyasri B. , Vishnu Kumar S.
Published: August 2021

The latest innovative technology products in the market are paving the way for a new growth in the medical field over medical wearable devices. Globally, the medical market is said to be segmented on the basis of global medical wearable report by its type, application level, regional level, and country level. In this medical advisory, these devices are classified as diagnostic, therapeutic, and respiratory. The regions covered include Europe, Asia-Pacific, and the rest of the world. These wearable devices are technically embedded with electronic devices which the users are able to adhere to their body parts. The main function of these wearable devices is said to be collecting users' personal health data (e.g., such devices include measurement on fitness of body, heartbeat measurement, ECG measurement, blood pressure monitoring, etc.).
IoT-Based Delineation and Evolution of Kid's Safety Portable Devices
Authors: H. Hemasundari , B. Swapna
Published: August 2021

Currently there are numerous portables in the retail which assist tracking the day-by-day actions of kids and furthermore help discover the kid utilizing Wi-Fi and Bluetooth directions available on the gadget. Bluetooth gives off an impression of being an untrustworthy mode of correspondence connecting the parent and kid. Along these lines, the pivotal motive of this chapter is to get an authorized corresponding medium that links the kid's portable and the parents. The genitor can send a book with explicit tags, for example, “location,” “temperature,” “UV,” “SOS,” “BUZZ,” and so forth. The portable device will response with a book encompassing the continuous precise region of the kid, which after monitoring hand down headings to the youngster's region on Google Maps software will similarly provide the atmospheric temperature and UV ray emission file with a goal that genitors can pursue if temperature or UV emission isn't reasonable to the kid.
IoT-Enabled Non-Contact-Based Infrared Thermometer for Temperature Recording of a Person
Authors: B. Swapna
Published: August 2021

Laboratories are essential facilities provided in professional institutes for scientific and technological work. The lab must ensure their accuracy to regulatory requirements and maintain their data records so that the laboratory environment can be monitored properly. The laboratory environment temperature (LET) is monitored to ensure proper regulation and maintenance of indoor conditions and also to correlate the collected samples with these conditions. The LET data collection must be stored to influence the quality of the results and to ensure the stability of the laboratory environment. Hence, an IoT solution is presented to supervise real-time temperature and is known as iRT. This method helps to monitor ambient object supervision in real time. It is composed of a hardware prototype to collect the temperature data and to use web application to provide the history of temperature evolution. The result gained from the study is promising, and it provides a significant contribution to IoT-based temperature monitoring systems.
Identification and Recognition of Speaker Voice Using a Neural Network-Based Algorithm
Authors: Koppula Neeraja , Sarada K. , Patel Ibrahim , Aamani R. , Saikumar K.
Published: August 2021

This chapter explains the speech signal in moving objects depending on the recognition field by retrieving the name of individual voice speech and speaker personality. The adequacy of precisely distinguishing a speaker is centred exclusively on vocal features, as voice contact with machines is getting more pervasive in errands like phone, banking exchanges, and the change of information from discourse data sets. This audit shows the location of text-subordinate speakers, which distinguishes a solitary speaker from a known populace. The highlights are eliminated; the discourse signal is enrolled for six speakers. Extraction of the capacity is accomplished utilizing LPC coefficients, AMDF computation, and DFT. By adding certain highlights as information, the neural organization is prepared. For additional correlation, the attributes are put away in models. The qualities that should be characterized for the speakers were acquired and dissected utilizing back propagation algorithm to a format picture.
Sentiment Analysis of Tweets on the COVID-19 Pandemic Using Machine Learning Techniques
Authors: R. Jothikumar , R. Vijay Anand , P. Visu , R. Kumar , S. Susi , K. R. Kumar
Published: August 2021

Sentiment evaluation alludes to separate the sentiments from the characteristic language and to perceive the mentality about the exact theme. Novel corona infection, a harmful malady ailment, is spreading out of the blue through the quarter, which thought processes respiratory tract diseases that can change from gentle to extraordinary levels. Because of its quick nature of spreading and no conceived cure, it ushered in a vibe of stress and pressure. In this chapter, a framework perusing principally based procedure is utilized to discover the musings of the tweets related to COVID and its effect lockdown. The chapter examines the tweets identified with the hash tags of crown infection and lockdown. The tweets were marked fabulous, negative, or fair, and a posting of classifiers has been utilized to investigate the precision and execution. The classifiers utilized have been under the four models which incorporate decision tree, regression, helpful asset vector framework, and naïve Bayes forms.
Intelligent Medical Data Analytics Using Classifiers and Clusters in Machine Learning
Authors: V. Muthukumaran , S. Satheesh Kumar , Joseph Rose Bindu , V. Vinoth Kumar , Uday Akshay K.
Published: August 2021

A privacy-preserving patient-centric clinical decision support system, called PPCD, is based on naive Bayesian classification to help the physician predict disease risks of patients in a privacy-preserving way. First, the authors propose a secure PPCD, which allows the service providers to diagnose a patient's disease without leaking any patient medical data. In PPCD, the past patient's historical medical data can be used by a service provider to train the naive Bayesian classifier. Then, the service provider can use the trained classifier to diagnose a patient's diseases according to his symptoms in a privacy-preserving way. Finally, patients can retrieve the diagnosed results according to their own preference privately without compromising the service provider's privacy.
A Research on Software Engineering Research in Machine Learning
Authors: Dammalapati Komali , Sankara Babu B. , Gopala Krishna P. , Subba Ramaiah V.
Published: August 2021

With rapid growth of various well-known methods implemented by the engineers in the software field in order to create a development in automated tasks for manufacturers and researchers working worldwide, the researchers in the field of software engineering (SE) root for concepts of machine learning (ML), a subfield that utilizes deep learning (DL) for the development of such SE tasks. In essence, these systems would highly cope with the featured automation with inbuilt capabilities in engineering to develop the software simulation models. Nevertheless, it is very tough to condense the present scenario in research of situations that necessitate failures, successes, and openings in DL for software-based technology. The survey works for renowned technology of SE and DL held for the latest journals and conferences leading to the span of 85 issued papers throughout 23 distinctive tasks for SE.
Executing CNN-LSTM Algorithm for Recognizable Proof of Cervical Spondylosis Infection on Spinal Cord MRI Image
Authors: V. V. S. Sasank , Singamaneni Kranthi Kumar , Sampath Dakshina Murthy A. , Hasane Ahammad S. K.
Published: August 2021

Various estimating mechanisms are present for evaluating the regional agony, neck torment, neurologic deficiencies of the sphincters at the stage midlevel of cervical spondylosis. It is necessary for the cervical spondylosis that the survey necessitates wide range of learning skills about the systemized life, experience, and ability of the expertise for learning the capability, life system, and experience. Doctors check the analysis of situation through MRI and CT scan, but additional interesting facts have been discovered in the physical test. For this, a programming approach is not available. The authors thereby propose a novel framework that accordingly inspects and investigates the cervical spondylosis employing computation of CNN-LSTM. Machine learning methods such as long short-term memory (LSTM) in fusion with convolution neural networks (CNNs), a kind of neural network (NN), are applied to this strategy to evaluate for making the systematization in various applications.
Improving Police-Community Relations in the USA
Authors: Hatfield Marty Allen
Published: August 2021

To prevent and control crime using the community-oriented policing model, law enforcement agencies must develop positive relationships and partnerships with the communities they serve. Unfortunately, several obstacles impede the development and maintenance of police-community partnerships, particularly excessive force and other forms of misconduct, and negative coverage of law enforcement by the media. To restore public trust in the police, agencies must implement competency-based interviews and assessments during the hiring process; develop a recruitment plan to attract more diverse applicants; provide regular crisis intervention, de-escalation, and implicit bias training to all officers; and evaluate and make any necessary improvements to existing use-of-force and disciplinary policies. Future research should continue to evaluate the impact of community policing on crime rates, the impact of body-worn cameras on misconduct, and the correlation between higher education and misconduct.
Policing Strategies and Approaches to Improving Community Relations
Authors: Bush Christopher Lee
Published: August 2021

This chapter addresses the voices of Black individuals and their communities urging police officers to be trustworthy and transparent, and urging them to be intentional in building relationships in the Black community. Qualified immunity, fraternal order of police, and law enforcement bill of rights discussions have emerged from recent incidents that add to the Black community's mistrust in the police. This chapter discusses how officers fail to recognize past and current issues where officers are unapologetic, and which, in turn, contributes to making it difficult to see police transparency and legitimacy. The chapter also addresses the partial education officers receive on Black culture and, more importantly, officers' lack of knowledge about cultural humility with self-reflection. Global positive social change and using a conceptual communication framework are the foundation for building and strengthening police relationships in the Black community to improve police strategies.
Reform the Police and End the Violence
Authors: Gulleng Daskyes Yohanna
Published: August 2021

Policing in Nigeria has never been this challenging. Aside from accusations of violence and brutality, the police are widely regarded as ineffective and inefficient. While insecurity surges across the country, regional security networks are springing up in an uncoordinated manner, raising questions about ownership and control. This further gave rise to agitations for either community policing and state police from the political class, civil societies, and traditional institutions. This chapter situates police violence in the context of the popular #EndSARS# protest and reviews issues surrounding police reforms in Nigeria. Within the context of the challenging insecurity in the north central region, the chapter looks at the merits and demerits of community police and state police to determine what works and makes recommendations on the appropriate policing strategy in the region.
Culture, Ethnicity, and Hate Crimes
Authors: Halder Debarati , Bhati Dhananjay
Published: August 2021

Traditionally, India is a multilingual, multi-religious, and multicultural country. Ingression of different races in India has brought in different personal laws. Similar to India, the US also has a multiracial, religious, linguistic, and cultural society. The country also has similar experiences of hate crimes, especially from the perspectives of racial violence. This chapter aims to research the hate crime preventive laws in the US and India to find the best solutions from both jurisdictions.
Roles of School Management Teams in Effective Curriculum Delivery During COVID-19 in Namibia
Authors: Shipalanga Petrus Dhiginina , Hako Anna Niitembu , Iipinge Sakaria M.
Published: August 2021

This qualitative study examined the roles of the school management teams in curriculum delivery during COVID-19 and beyond. The closure of the schools due to the COVID-19 pandemic caused serious disruptions to teaching and learning. Learners were expected to be engaged in learning processes via different platforms. The school management teams were given enormous responsibilities to ensure planning, implementing, and monitoring curriculum delivery during and post COVID-19. Twenty participants are purposefully selected from 10 schools ranging from primary to secondary. Focus group interviews and document analysis were used to collect data. The authors followed the thematic approach in analyzing data. The study revealed that the amount of teaching is not significant as only the quality of learning matters. It proved that planning is the best approach to academic outcomes. The authors hope the study would provide insight into lived experiences of school management teams in curriculum planning, implementation, and monitoring of curriculum delivery amidst COVID-19 and beyond.
Alternation of Curriculum Delivery Mode in Primary Schools
Authors: Makokotlela Matlala Violet , Nxumalo Nomvula Monica
Published: August 2021

This investigation aimed to explore the mode of curriculum delivery in Primary School in Tshwane South District during the Covid-19 pandemic because there is insufficient research on this subject. A case study of a Primary School was used to obtain in-depth information about the mode of curriculum delivery during the Covid-19 pandemic. Using a case study was also practical because the pandemic's restrictions posed a challenge to research many schools. Data was gathered through document analysis. A qualitative approach was employed to analyze and identify categories and emerging themes from the data. An interpretive paradigm was used while connectivism theory was employed as a lens. The findings revealed that schools used face-to-face mode of curriculum delivery during the lockdown and after schools re-opened during Covid-19, resulting in a challenge with content coverage that led to revising the annual teaching plans and trimming the curriculum.
Investigating the Roles of School Management Teams in Curriculum Delivery Through ICTs in Education
Authors: Mqina Bongi P. , Goosen Leila
Published: August 2021

The purpose of this chapter is to investigate the roles of school management teams in curriculum delivery through information and communication technologies (ICTs) in education concerning e-schools' community engagement. In terms of summarizing the content, the background is provided regarding the context of this problem and a review of the literature as per the outlined objectives of the chapter and including applicable theoretical and conceptual frameworks. The methodology, research method, paradigm, and sampling techniques used are indicated, as are data collection instruments, data analysis and interpretation, and research ethics. Finally, in dealing with the issues, controversies, problems, and challenges presented in the research questions and objectives, the findings as per the empirical study conducted are outlined with the discussions of solutions and recommendations. Future research directions are also discussed before the conclusion provides a discussion of the overall coverage of the chapter.
English Language Learning as Intercultural Experience
Authors: R'boul Hamza , Bueno-Alastuey M Camino
Published: August 2021

Teaching English in higher education entails additional factors and considerations that exemplify the complexity of accounting for the diverse population in modern higher education institutions. In particular, the increasing flow of international students and the employment demands of functioning in multicultural contexts render helping students to develop a critical understating of intercultural relations an important aspect of English language teaching. With the increasing adoption of English as a medium of instruction and its use as a lingua franca in intercultural communication, it is important to structure English education in a way that accounts for intercultural relations both in and outside the university. In addition to the postmodern conceptualizations of interculturality that emphasize the fluidity of culture, language and identity intercultural relations are characterized by power imbalances. That is why this chapter makes a case for the necessity of considering sociopolitical realities in intercultural English language teaching in higher education.
The Impacts of the Coronavirus Pandemic (COVID-19) on Language Education
Authors: Aysu Semahat , Sanlı Şeyda
Published: August 2021

The coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) started to affect the education around the world in the winter of 2020, and each education level such as primary education, secondary education, and higher education had to adapt synchronous or asynchronous online learning emergently. This study will focus on particularly the rapid change in language teaching and learning. How the pandemic had an effect on language learners or teachers and language teaching methods or tools will be discussed in the light of the studies conducted from the beginning of the pandemic until now. Therefore, this study will be a theoretical study which summarizes the results of the studies, and the following questions will be examined in this review of literature: What is online learning? What are the differences between synchronous or asynchronous online learning? What kinds of digital applications, platforms, or teaching tools can be used in online learning?
Educational Symbiosis
Authors: Morris Gareth Richard , Sheridan Simon Matthew , Xu Jiaxin , Liang Wenjuan , Lv Fenfen , Foster Rick , Di Shengjia , Zhang Chenyan , Perrin Stuart
Published: August 2021

This chapter considers how practitioners at a Sino-British institution have developed English language learning pathways and courses for students enrolled on industry-themed programmes to support a new syntegrative educational model. The chapter considers some of the challenges these educators have faced, not only because of the need to create offerings from the ground up, but also because of the difficulties COVID-19 and broader institutional provisional evolutions have presented. With this in mind, how the staff overcame the challenges they faced in responding to the foundation year developments, creating year two modules and business courses, whilst also providing ongoing continuing language and study skills support for students, along with administrative support, will be presented in the form of solutions and recommendations. It is hoped that others can learn from these experiences and reflections.
The “Flip” Side of Online Course Redevelopment
Authors: Cook Angela , Shen Chunxuan , Lai Yen-Ying
Published: August 2021

The COVID pandemic has highlighted the need for universities to be innovative and inclusive in their response to changing circumstances and to develop high quality courses in a completely online environment. In Semester 1, 2020, the team redeveloped a large undergraduate English and Chinese translation course at an Australian university in flipped mode while shifting the course to fully online delivery. The authors found that although student attitudes towards online flipped learning were initially mixed, levels of student engagement were similar to previous semesters. By the second semester of implementation, student evaluations of the course were significantly higher than in pre-flipped, pre-online semesters. This experience demonstrates that it is possible to develop a flipped university translation course that is interactive and engaging and challenges students academically. With appropriate scaffolding and the judicious use of technology, flipped learning offers a very positive learning experience and can be a key element of effective course design in fully online mode.
The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly
Authors: Bernardes Oscar , Amorim Vanessa , Usman Berto
Published: August 2021

The good policymakers are creating marketing stimulus to social economy, restaurant and hotel discounts, employment maintenance aids, cultural events, etc., disseminating hope. The bad policymakers want the opposite and restrict family's circumstances and socialization. And finally, COVID-19 is blamed for all inefficiencies in the public health system, even those before the epidemic. This chapter explores why COVID-19 is innocent and not entirely responsible for health inefficiencies. The authors explore the main health concerns, analyzing earlier articles with recent documents before and during COVID-19.
KPIs for Mobile Apps and Digital Data Management in Healthcare
Authors: Antolín-Prieto Rebeca , Ruiz-Lacaci Nuria , Reyes-Menendez Ana
Published: August 2021

This study aimed to identify quantitative and qualitative KPIs for the implementation of apps and use of digital data in healthcare management. To this end, a systematic review of the literature was undertaken to analyze relevant scientific articles downloaded from reputed scientific databases (Scopus, PubMed, PsyINFO, ScienceDirect, and WOS). The databases were searched using the following keywords: “Big Data,” “Artificial Intelligence,” “Mobile Technologies,” “APP,” “Disease,” “Geolocation,” and “Health.” Subsequently, 25 qualitative and quantitative KPI values, as rating, product quality, or unique users, were identified for the successful preparation and management of healthcare based on apps and the use of digital data.
Development of Small Businesses During Economic Crises
Authors: tambunan tulus
Published: August 2021

This is a descriptive study that aims to estimate the impact of three economic crises (i.e., the 1997/98 Asian financial crisis, the 2008/09 global financial crisis, and the COVID-19 pandemic crisis) on small businesses in Indonesia and to explore their crisis mitigation measures (CMMs). It adopted an exploratory methodology with comprehensively reviewing the available literature (e.g., policy documents, research papers, and reports) on the subject being studied. The data collection technique applied was literature study. It shows that different types of crises have different transmission channels through which such crises affected small businesses. CMMs adopted by affected small businesses also vary by different types of crises and hence different business risks. To the best of author's knowledge, this is the first study that examines transmission channels through which such crises affected small businesses in Indonesia.