bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Um percurso metodológico nas periferias de uma metrópole brasileira: família, aspirações e mobilidade residencial
Authors: Mariano Dota Ednelson , Marques Martins Isis do Mar , Prieto Aparicio Cimar Alejandro , Medeiros Robaina Igor Martins
Published: September 2024

Neste artigo, descrevemos as etapas metodológicas de uma pesquisa voltada para a compreensão da mobilidade residencial e das aspirações em um contexto periférico metropolitano de famílias em um quadro de pobreza. O estudo teve como objetivo compreender as aspirações e as possíveis tendências da mobilidade residencial deste segmento populacional, para fornecer subsídios para a elaboração de políticas públicas. Para atingir os objetivos foram utilizados dados secundários, abordagens reflexivas por meio de trabalhos de campo e aplicação de instrumentos qualitativos, possíveis a partir da composição de uma equipe multidisciplinar. Esses instrumentos foram aplicados em áreas de alta concentração de pobreza, a partir da renda e das condições de moradia, a fim de estabelecer uma reflexão sobre a mobilidade residencial, suas modificações e relações, mensurados via padrões de vida familiares, tipos de domicílio e renda. Os resultados revelaram uma realidade intrincada, na qual as estruturas familiares, as aspirações individuais e os contextos socioeconômicos se entrelaçam de modo complexo e não linear em relação às decisões de deslocamento, com destaque para o papel decisivo do contexto social e espacial na tomada de decisão pela mobilidade residencial.
Descripción taxonómica y funcional de un ensamblaje de epífitas vasculares en la Cordillera Occidental Colombiana
Authors: Arias Martínez Leidy Laura , González Juan Camilo , Zuluaga Tróchez Alejandro
Published: September 2024

Las epífitas vasculares son componentes taxonómicos y funcionales relevantes en los ecosistemas húmedos, por lo que explorar su diversidad cobra relevancia en los bosques montanos del Valle del Cauca, donde se considera que existe submuestreo de estas plantas. Con el objetivo de caracterizar la diversidad taxonómica y funcional del ensamblaje de epífitas vasculares de un bosque muy húmedo montano bajo, se colectaron y censaron las especies de epífitas vasculares. Se estimó la composición, riqueza y diversidad taxonómica; y se caracterizó funcionalmente el ensamblaje empleando como rasgos funcionales el tipo de hábito, clonalidad, tipo de metabolismo, toma de nutrientes, y síndrome de dispersión; y estimando la riqueza funcional (FRic), la uniformidad funcional (FEve) y la divergencia funcional (FDiv). Se registraron 210 especies, en 26 familias, siendo Orchidaceae la de mayor riqueza. El ensamblaje se caracterizó por la prevalencia de epífitas verdaderas, presencia de estructuras de clonación, presencia de rasgos que facilitan la toma de nutrientes, y por la dominancia del metabolismo C3. Se obtuvo un FRic de 0,52, un FEve de 0,57, y un FDiv de 0,74. Los resultados nutren el conocimiento de las especies de epífitas vasculares de los ecosistemas andinos y permitieron postular dinámicas de ocupación, que pueden contribuir en la comprensión integral de la ecología de estas plantas en los bosques húmedos montanos.
First record of Nausigaster meridionalis Townsend (Diptera: Syrphidae) from Colombia
Authors: Parada-Marin Henry Mauricio , Mengual Ximo , Ramos-Pastrana Yardany
Published: September 2024

Syrphidae has 6,700 described species worldwide, distributed in 290 genera. Nausigaster Williston is a genus of flower flies endemic to the New World. Nausigaster meridionalis Townsend is currently known from Brazil, Mexico, and Venezuela. Here we report N. meridionalis from Colombia based on a female collected with a Malaise trap in a tropical dry forest in the Ecoreserva La Tribuna at an altitude of 481 m above sea level. This finding is the first record of a Nausigaster species from Colombia with accurate geographical data, contributing to the knowledge of the distribution of flower flies in the Neotropics and the Colombian Andean region.
Thin-film implants for bioelectronic medicine
Authors: Oldroyd Poppy , Hadwe Salim El , Barone Damiano G. , Malliaras George G.
Published: September 2024

This article is based on the MRS Mid-Career Researcher Award “for outstanding contributions to the fundamentals and development of organic electronic materials and their application in biology and medicine” presentation given by George G. Malliaras, University of Cambridge, at the 2023 MRS Spring Meeting in San Francisco, Calif.

Bioelectronic medicine offers a revolutionary approach to treating disease by stimulating the body with electricity. While current devices show safety and efficacy, limitations, including bulkiness, invasiveness, and scalability, hinder their wider application. Thin-film implants promise to overcome these limitations. Made using microfabrication technologies, these implants conform better to neural tissues, reduce tissue damage and foreign body response, and provide high-density, multimodal interfaces with the body. This article explores how thin-film implants using organic materials and novel designs may contribute to disease management, intraoperative monitoring, and brain mapping applications. Additionally, the technical challenges to be addressed for this technology to succeed are discussed.

Graphical abstract
Charles Roeder's Notes on Food and Drink in Lancashire and Other Northern Counties
Authors: Roeder Charles
Published: September 2024

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Evelyn J Hinz (ed): Diet and Discourse: Eating, Drinking and Literature
Authors: Davidson Alan E
Published: September 2024

Evelyn J Hinz (ed): Diet and Discourse: Eating, Drinking and Literature, being issue 24/3-4 (summer/fall, 1991) of Mosaic (a journal for the inter-disciplinary study of literature): University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, 1991: 278 pp, no index, bibliographical references attached to each essay, no information about the cost of back numbers (which this presumably now is), but write to Business Office, MOSAIC, 208 Tier Building, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg MB, Canada R3T 2N2.
The relationship of the type of leader with the model of political leadership and the political regime
Authors: Petropolsky Dmitry
Published: September 2024

Introduction: the work is devoted to the study of key aspects and characteristics of models of political leadership and political regimes with their attachment to the personalities of politicians. It seems that every politician always belongs to a certain type of political leader. Under the influence of various environmental factors, as well as based on personal traits, ambitions and other personality traits, it is typical for a politician to show rationality, traditionalism or, for example, charisma in his politically oriented behavior. Accordingly, belonging to a rational, charismatic or some other type determines both the political model of leadership and the political regime itself. Objective: to investigate the relationship between the types of political leaders, the political models formed by them and political regimes. Tasks: to study the theoretical aspects of the concepts of political leader, model of political leadership and political regime; to characterize the most common types of models of political leadership and types of political regimes in the scientific political environment; to find a connection between types of political leaders, models of political leadership and types of political regimes. Methods: description, generalization, synthesis, abstraction, idealization, deduction, induction, systematization, research, comparison. Results: the definition of the terms «political leader», «model of political leadership» and «political regime» is formulated; the relationship between the types of political leaders, the political models formed by them and political regimes is found. Conclusions: in particular, it is proved that the democratic political regime, as a rule, is formed under the influence of the traditional and rational/legal type of political leaders, as well as under the influence of leaders with high legitimacy, leaders with a positive digital image and constitutional types of political leaders. The transitional/hybrid political mode is formed, as a rule, under the influence of the charismatic type of political leader. Authoritarian political regime is formed, as a rule, under the influence of totalitarian types of political leaders, leaders-bureaucrats and revisionists.
Methodological approaches to measuring inequality among convicts in penitentiary society
Authors: Uvarov Igor
Published: September 2024

The well-being of the population, as the basis for the stability of social relations, has traditionally been the subject of discussion not only among specialists, but also among members of the public and politicians. Among the indicators, it is customary to distinguish the level of inequality between different social groups. In this regard, in many sciences studying society in its various aspects, a certain idea has developed about methods of measuring the well-being and quality of life of people. With the help of empirically verified quantitative and qualitative indicators, specialists can record economic and social inequality, not only as a certain state, but also as a dynamic process. According to the author, such a specific social education as the penitentiary society «escapes» the attention of specialists. Justifiably considering it as closed, experts admit the similarity of social processes with the «big» society. At the same time, all researchers record that closed social systems form their own specific environment characterized by the presence of informal imperatives and a certain hierarchy. Informal hierarchy in a closed society acts as an independent value that affects the amount of benefits received by each of its representatives. The closeness of society also influences the level of inequality indicators between representatives of each social community of convicts. The analysis of various methods of measuring social and economic inequality in a «free» society carried out in the article allows the author to assert that their extrapolation in relation to the penitentiary society does not allow obtaining reliable results. The authors establish the existence in a closed society of a paradoxical system of qualitative definition of inequality, where, unlike the previously existing one, the criterion was the attitude to work. In modern conditions, labor is no longer a guarantee that allows convicts to overcome the existing inequality.
METACOGNIÇÃO, CURRÍCULO E INOVAÇÃO: UM ESTUDO SOBRE AS PRÁTICAS PEDAGÓGICAS NA ÁREA DA SAÚDE
Authors: Silvio Cavalcante Pimentel Fernando , Vasconcelos dos Santos Larissa , Kawanne dos Santos Correia Samilly , De Oliveira Freitas Raphael
Published: September 2024

A associação entre inovação, metacognição e práticas pedagógicas no currículo da área de saúde não é uma relação trivial. O presente artigo apresenta uma pesquisa bibliométrica e teve como ponto de partida avaliar, a partir de 8 bases científicas, como esses aspectos se relacionam. A pesquisa buscou responder as perguntas: Quais as principais práticas de inovação no ensino, na área da saúde, estão sendo desenvolvidas e aplicadas? Como a inovação é vista no currículo acadêmico da área da saúde? e Como se dá o processo da metacognição no currículo nos cursos da saúde? A consequência desta investigação teve como propósito o desenvolvimento de um Estado da Arte para diagramar as relações e correlações observadas nas publicações científicas analisadas, com o objetivo de traçar um panorama destas nos cenários nacional e internacional e objetivou identificar as principais tendências teórico-metodológicas dessas investigações e situar o atual status das pesquisas e suas contribuições para a comunidade acadêmica. Os resultados desse estudo mostram que as práticas de inovação são constantemente associadas apenas ao uso tecnológico e a metacognição não é utilizada como uma ferramenta de apoio à aprendizagem nos currículos da área da saúde.
INDICADORES PARA EL ESTUDIO DE LA IDENTIDAD RACIAL: UNA PROPUESTA DESDE LA REALIDAD SOCIAL CUBANA
Authors: Aguilera Amaro José Luís , Dalés Cueva Arletty , Manzano García Maricelys E.
Published: September 2024

El estudio se centró en el fenómeno de la identidad racial, un tema complejo, polémico, dialéctico, histórico-concreto, sociocultural, multifactorial, subjetivo-objetivo, individual-colectivo, que forma parte de la identidad cultural, independientemente de algunas dudas respecto a su existencia, y que en el contexto cubano actual se relaciona con prácticas culturales racializadas. Su pertinencia radica en que introduce una propuesta de indicadores a través de los que puede investigarse de manera concreta. Su impacto se revela en la precisión de datos que permitirían la evaluación de este tema. La investigación se sustentó en el paradigma mixto, con el objetivo de determinar los indicadores que pueden utilizarse para la investigación del fenómeno de la identidad racial de manera concreta en la sociedad cubana actual. Se partió del diagnóstico de la situación socio-racial en la provincia Santiago de Cuba, a través de la aplicación de técnicas como la encuesta, entrevista, observación y análisis de contenidos. La muestra fue amplia y diversa (17.911 individuos entre 2021-2023), seleccionada a partir de un proceder no probabilístico de tipo intencional. Como resultado, se elaboró una propuesta de indicadores generales y específicos para el estudio de la identidad racial en el contexto cubano actual.
INDUMENTARIA, IDENTIDAD Y ROLES DE GÉNERO EN LOS MAZAHUAS: MUJERES INDÍGENAS VISTIENDO LA RESISTENCIA, HOMBRES TEJIÉNDOLA
Authors: Salgado Naime Fátima Yamel , Morales Sales Edgar Samuel , Salgado Vega Jesús
Published: September 2024

Se realizó el estudio, análisis y descripción de la indumentaria en el pueblo mazahua de San Felipe del Progreso y San José del Rincón, México, su relación con la identidad y roles de género, considerando las costumbres y prácticas ancestrales, y revisando las causas de la pérdida de su uso. Fue un estudio cualitativo que siguió la teoría fundamentada y el método del estructuralismo de Lévi-Strauss, ejecutado a través de revisión de bibliografía y trabajo de campo, utilizando etnometodología, observación, recolección de datos, estudios de casos homogéneos de muestras típicas con entrevistas semiestructuradas en profundidad a siete mujeres y cinco hombres líderes por grupos de edad, la muestra fue no probabilística. Los resultados mostraron que la indumentaria se compone de diversos elementos relacionados con la cosmovisión, el entorno y naturaleza, la vida mazahua y los roles de género, por lo que conforma parte del patrimonio biocultural, otorgando una identidad indiscutible a quienes la portan. En la elaboración, los hombres están a cargo del telar y las mujeres son las que más usan su indumentaria, desafiando la moda occidental, reafirmando su identidad y la del grupo, creando la cara más visible de la resistencia, a pesar de la discriminación y aculturación.
pGEM-T Cloning v1
Authors: Lopez Carolina
Published: September 2024

Protocol for cloning in pGEM-T vector
Enfermedad de Mondor idiopática en seno en un centro de cuidado primario ambulatorio. Reporte de caso
Authors:   Javesalud IPS, Castro-Goyes Daniel Fernando , Cepeda-Trillos Andrea Carolina ,   Pontificia Universidad Javeriana
Published: September 2024

Introducción: la Enfermedad de Mondor (EM) es una tromboflebitis de la pared torácica anterolateral, con solo alrededor de 400 casos reportados a escala mundial, la mayoría en mujeres. Se reporta caso de EM de aparición súbita con dolor, edema y asimetría en seno izquierdo de 2 semanas de evolución. Objetivos: presentar un caso de EM del seno identificado en un centro de cuidado primario ambulatorio en Bogotá, Colombia, como insumo para ampliar la comprensión de esta enfermedad, sensibilizar al equipo de salud sobre la importancia de su identificación temprana y tratamiento pertinente, además de aportar a la caracterización de la EM en el país. Hallazgos: al examen físico con presencia de edema en cuadrantes externos de seno izquierdo asociado a lesión longitudinal visible en cuadrante superior externo (CSE) con dolor a la palpación, con evidencia ecográfica de trombosis venosa superficial. Intervenciones: se realizó ecografía mamaria que mostró dilatación vascular en el CSE del seno izquierdo. Se realizó valoración por Mastología para confirmar diagnóstico de EM. Se dio manejo médico con antiinflamatorios y calor local, con evolución favorable. Conclusiones: la EM es una condición inusual en atención primaria, que requiere de más conocimiento por parte de los equipos de salud para una mayor identificación temprana.
Las tensiones sobre qué incluir y a quién cubrir en el sistema de salud colombiano desde la perspectiva de un grupo de ciudadanos
Authors:   Universidad de Antioquia, Vélez Claudia Marcela , Díaz Hernández Diana Patricia ,   Universidad de Antioquia, Salazar Blanco Olga Francisca ,   Universidad de Antioquia, Patiño Lugo Daniel Felipe ,   Universidad de Antioquia, Velásquez Salazar Pamela ,   Universidad de Antioquia, Velásquez Juan Carlos ,   Universidad de Antioquia, Rodríguez Corredor Leydi Camila ,   Universidad de Antioquia, Vélez-Marín Viviana ,   Universidad de Antioquia
Published: September 2024

Objetivo: Esta investigación pretende explorar y comprender las percepciones de un grupo de ciudadanos sobre las tecnologías y los servicios en salud que deben financiarse con recursos públicos. Métodos: Se utilizó un estudio de caso cualitativo. Se recolectó información mediante entrevistas semiestructuradas a 46 participantes en cinco grupos poblacionales (personas sin contacto reciente con servicios de salud, pacientes, trabajadores de la salud, administradores y tomadores de decisiones). Posteriormente, se realizó un análisis temático. Resultados: Se identificaron dos aproximaciones para llevar a cabo la financiación de tecnologías y servicios en salud con recursos públicos: una aproximación la condiciona a 1) las características de quién necesita la atención, 2) la enfermedad que padece, 3) la tecnología o servicio requerido, y 4) la expectativa de desempeño eficiente del sistema de salud, determinando la cobertura por las condiciones económicas y la vulnerabilidad social de la persona, la urgencia de la atención o la evidencia de efectividad. La otra aproximación considera la cobertura total de las tecnologías y los servicios para todos los colombianos, basada en principios de dignidad humana, derecho a la salud y uso honrado de los recursos. Conclusiones: Las aproximaciones identificadas responden a tensiones sociales relativas a la estructura del sistema de salud y su organización en la prestación de servicios. Las tres tensiones más importantes son aquellas relacionadas con la capacidad económica del ciudadano, la perspectiva que define el concepto salud-enfermedad, y los significados de efectividad y evidencia científica.
In silico and in cellulo approaches for functional annotation of human protein splice variants
Authors: Kiseleva O.I. , Arzumanian V.A. , Kurbatov I.Yu. , Poverennaya E.V.
Published: September 2024

The elegance of pre-mRNA splicing mechanisms continues to interest scientists even after over a half century, since the discovery of the fact that coding regions in genes are interrupted by non-coding sequences. The vast majority of human genes have several mRNA variants, coding structurally and functionally different protein isoforms in a tissue-specific manner and with a linkage to specific developmental stages of the organism. Alteration of splicing patterns shifts the balance of functionally distinct proteins in living systems, distorts normal molecular pathways, and may trigger the onset and progression of various pathologies. Over the past two decades, numerous studies have been conducted in various life sciences disciplines to deepen our understanding of splicing mechanisms and the extent of their impact on the functioning of living systems. This review aims to summarize experimental and computational approaches used to elucidate the functions of splice variants of a single gene based on our experience accumulated in the laboratory of interactomics of proteoforms at the Institute of Biomedical Chemistry (IBMC) and best global practices.
Proteome of plasma extracellular vesicles as a source of colorectal cancer biomarkers
Authors: Soloveva N.A. , Novikova S.E. , Farafonova T.E. , Tikhonova O.V. , Zgoda V.G. , Archakov A.I.
Published: September 2024

The search for minimally invasive methods for diagnostics of colorectal cancer (CRC) is the most important task for early diagnostics of the disease and subsequent successful treatment. Human plasma represents the main type of biological material used in the clinical practice; however, the complex dynamic range of substances circulating in it complicates determination of CRC protein markers by the mass spectrometric (MS) method. Studying the proteome of extracellular vesicles (EVs) isolated from human plasma represents an attractive approach for the discovery of tissue-secreted CRC markers. We performed shotgun mass spectrometry analysis of EV samples obtained from plasma of CRC patients and healthy volunteers. This MS analysis resulted in identification of 370 proteins (which were registered by at least two peptides). Stable isotope-free relative quantitation identified 55 proteins with altered abundance in EV samples obtained from plasma samples of CRC patients as compared to healthy controls. Among the EV proteins isolated from blood plasma we found components involved in cell adhesion and the VEGFA–VEGFR2 signaling pathway (TLN1, HSPA8, VCL, MYH9, and others), as well as proteins expressed predominantly by gastrointestinal tissues (polymeric immunoglobulin receptor, PIGR). The data obtained using the shotgun proteomic profiling may be added to the panel for targeted MS analysis of EV-associated protein markers, previously developed using CRC cell models.
Artificial intelligence (AI) and medical microbiology: A narrative review
Authors: Gurajala Swathi
Published: September 2024

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has transformed numerous domains, including the discipline of medical microbiology. Artificial intelligence is currently being used to assist in clinical decision-making and the monitoring of diseases, with the possibility of being used for genomic information and extensive digital datasets. Through the utilization of advanced algorithms, machine learning (ML), and deep learning (DL) methods, artificial intelligence (AI) can improve disease diagnoses, forecast outbreaks, and customize medical treatments. Moreover, AI is revolutionizing the field of medical and pharmaceutical microbiology, specifically in the areas of pathogen identification, development of point-of-care diagnostics, and drug discovery. Machine learning (ML) is of great use for image analysis since it improves the effectiveness and accuracy of clinical microbiology practice. Despite these developments, it is imperative to tackle issues related to the accuracy of data and limitations of algorithms. Additionally, it is crucial to focus on creating AI models that can be easily understood and interpreted. This review examines the present uses, advantages, and obstacles of AI in medical microbiology, emphasizing its revolutionary impact on enhancing healthcare results.
Antimicrobial resistance patterns in Acinetobacter baumannii: A study from a tertiary care center in Vadodara, Gujarat
Authors: Pipaliya Binda Prakashbhai , Norris Saurabh Chhotalal , Pandya Himani Bhardwaj , Javadekar Tanuja Bakul
Published: September 2024

species are a major cause of nosocomial infections, contributing significantly to morbidity and mortality globally.

This study aimed to evaluate the antibiotic susceptibility profiles of isolates derived from various clinical specimens at a tertiary care hospital in Vadodara, Gujarat.

: Specimens were cultured on 5% sheep blood agar and MacConkey agar, followed by identification and antibiotic susceptibility testing using the VITEK 2 automated system (BioMerieux, France).

: Among 107 positive samples collected from January 2021, to October, 2021, the highest frequency of isolates was observed in urine samples (48, 44.86%). A significant majority of isolates (89, 83.17%) exhibited resistance to three or more classes of antibiotics. Colistin susceptibility was observed in 101 isolates (94.4%). The susceptibility rates for were 75.7% for tigecycline and 47.7% for carbapenems.

: The combination of colistin and tigecycline remains crucial for treating multidrug-resistant until new therapeutic options become available. This study underscores the necessity of ongoing antimicrobial resistance surveillance and the strengthening of antibiotic stewardship programs to reduce the prevalence of resistant Acinetobacter strains and other bacteria.
Increased surge of secondary bacterial infections leading to sepsis among COVID 19 patients in a tertiary care centre in South India
Authors: Priyadarshi Ketan , Dhandapani Sarumathi , Sivaradjy Monika , Sastry Apurba
Published: September 2024

Secondary bloodstream infections (BSIs) remain one of the frequent and life-threatening complications among COVID 19 infected patients. The present study has been undertaken to determine the prevalence of secondary BSIs in patients with COVID-19

This is an observational case control study, conducted between May2020 and April 2021 in a tertiary care centre in South India. The study population were further divided into three groups—one case group (COVID group), and two control (non-COVID group 2020-21 and 2019-20). Blood cultures sent from a suspected care of secondary blood stream infection were processed and outcomes like blood culture positivity rate, clinically relevant growth, contaminant rate and multidrug resistant organism rate were compared between the COVID group and non-COVID control groups.

Among the COVID group 307 (17%) of the episodes were found to show clinically relevant growth compared with 3570 (15.4%) in control group 2020-21 (p<0.05) and 3974(12%) in control group 2019-20 (p<0.001). In all the 3 groups, gram negative bacterial infections were found to be the majority with 50% (COVID group), 57% and 58% (non-COVID groups). Among all the MDR organisms isolated from the COVID group of patients, carbapenem resistant contributes about 88%.

In COVID-19 patients, the prevalence of secondary bacterial sepsis due to multidrug resistant organisms are higher when compared to non-COVID patients. Non-adherence to strict infection control practices are the possible causes for the higher infection rate among the COVID group of patients.
Marinha mercante chilena 1973-1985: a disputa entre economistas liberais e militares nacionalistas
Authors: Goularti Filho Alcides
Published: September 2024

O objetivo deste texto é discutir o debate que ocorreu no Chile em 1973 sobre os rumos da marinha mercante: mantê-la estatal ou privatizá-la. Esse debate se deu entre uma ala dos militares chilenos que ainda defendiam o nacionalismo econômico e os economistas liberais (conhecidos como Chicago Boys) que assumiram o comando das reformas econômicas. A posição dessa ala nacionalista podemos acompanhar em alguns artigos publicados nas revistas Memorial del Ejército de Chile e Revista de Marina, e as bases ideológicas das reformas liberais estão expressas no documento El ladrillo, ou Programa de Desarrollo Económico, de 1973. Além desse debate, o texto também traz uma breve introdução sobre o nacionalismo econômico e contextualiza a trajetória da industrialização chilena e o desempenho do setor naval até o ano de 1973.
Marcelo Rougier (2022). El enigma del desarrollo argentino. Biografía de Aldo Ferrer
Authors: Rossi Ignacio Andrés
Published: September 2024

Sin resumen.
About the work programs of basic and elective disciplines in physical education of students of higher education institutions
Authors:   Ryazan State Medical University named after Academician I. P. Pavlov, Proshlyakov Vladimir D. , Ponomareva Galina V. ,   Ryazan State Medical University named after Academician I. P. Pavlov, Kotova Galina V. ,   Ryazan State Medical University named after Academician I. P. Pavlov, Levina Elena A. ,   Ryazan State Medical University named after Academician I. P. Pavlov
Published: September 2024

Analyzing many official documents of recent years, we can conclude that the reform of higher education is expected in our country. It is also necessary in the system of physical education of students, because over the years of study at university the physical condition of most students deteriorates, and rarely any students manages to form universal competence in self-assessment, self-organization and self-development. The authors of the article propose to get acquainted with the topics of theoretical issues that have been included in the work programs at the Department of Physical Education of the Ryazan State Medical University named after Academician I. P. Pavlov for more than 30 years. In their opinion, they allow students to assess their physical development, physical fitness level and study the impact of regular physical activity or a sedentary lifestyle on the main systems of a human body.
A Linguistic Analysis of Idiomatic Expressions in Town Bemba: A Systematic Functional Linguistic
Authors: Mukonde Mulenga Eunice , Mambwe Kelvin
Published: September 2024

Idioms, as linguistic expressions, convey meanings that go beyond the literal interpretation of words. They are deeply rooted in historical and cultural contexts and are widely utilized by language speakers to effectively communicate specific messages. These expressions have diverse origins, including historical events, folklore, mythology, and popular culture, and they form an integral part of daily communication among Bemba speakers. In recent times, urban speakers of Town Bemba have developed idioms that reflect modern life and are associated with multilingual practices and shared experiences. This study aims to examine the nature of Town Bemba idioms as spoken in the Copperbelt province in Zambia. The study is guided by aspects of the Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL) model and the concept of recontextualization in analyzing the nature of idiomatic expressions used in Town Bemba. The study collected idioms from 20 purposively selected speakers of Town Bemba for oral interviews. The data were descriptively examined to unpack the conveyed meanings and the nature and form of the idioms in Town Bemba. The findings suggest several linguistic processes that give rise to idiomatic expressions, including linguistic coining, blending, and recontextualization of meaning. Additionally, the study demonstrates how multilingualism is used as a resource in forming non-traditional idiomatic expressions, incorporating linguistic features from different language sources. The study further shows how socio-cultural context and shared experiences of the speakers play a key role in determining the meaning associated with idioms.
Uma Idade Média global em Ramon Llull
Authors: Mateus Natasha Nickolly Alhadef Sampaio
Published: September 2024

Este artigo tem por objetivo repensar a Idade Média a partir de uma perspectiva da História Global não a limitando mais apenas ao espaço territorial da Europa, contudo observando outras localidades, que embora se buscasse levar o Cristianismo a tomar esses ambientes, ocorreram contato com outros povos, o que resultou em trocas culturais rompendo com a ideia de uma “cultura europeia intacta”, isto é, sem intervenções de outras civilizações. Assim, por meio da trajetória de evangelização do filósofo maiorquino Ramon Llull (1232-1316) é possível perceber que ele não se restringiu somente a Península Ibérica, mas se estendeu a Túnis e Bugia no norte da África, em militância contra o crescimento do Islamismo. Para isso, este artigo está dividido em duas partes, na primeira, apresenta-se a visão de alguns autores a respeito da História Global, em seguida, trata-se de mostrar o percurso percorrido por esse filósofo para tal fim.
La narrativa de los sordos como base para la construcción de una pedagogía vivencial
Authors: Muñoz Vilugrón Karina , Lara Coronado Jesús , Carrasco Madariaga Jimena
Published: September 2024

La educación cultural y lingüística de los sordos ha sido poco incorporada en la realidad educativa chilena; hace solo una década que los adultos sordos se han incorporado a las aulas con didácticas centradas en la cultura oyente. El objetivo de esta investigación es indagar en las narrativas de los sordos para levantar una propuesta pedagógica sustentada en las epistemologías sordas. El instrumento aplicado fue una entrevista semiestructurada a 15 personas sordas en lengua de señas chilena. Posteriormente, la información recogida fue gestionada con el software Atlas ti, considerando la codificación abierta y axial. Los resultados muestran que una propuesta pedagógica centrada en los sordos debiera considerar los siguientes aspectos: identidad sorda, lengua de señas chilena y un contexto educativo seguro. Por último, las conclusiones revelan que estas propuestas pedagógicas deberían considerar una pedagogía con una mirada vivencial sorda.
The shift from the pedagogy of the oppressor to the pedagogy of the oppressed
Authors: Chehri Youcef , Ghaffour Mohamed Toufik
Published: September 2024

Teaching in a postmodern world represents a significant challenge. It is well-established that postmodernism is an intellectual stance or mode of discourse defined by skepticism toward modernist ideologies. This study investigates the challenges faced by teachers in the context of postmodernism, and the shift from a traditional to a postmodern teaching approach. The current study examines the work of Paulo Freire’s The Pedagogy of the Oppressed, which helps weave a comprehensible reflection on the postmodern thought’s impact on teaching as a discipline. In this context, the current study is presented as a means of criticism of teaching in a traditional context emphasizing the new methods used to teach literary texts and foreign languages. The results show that the postmodern way of thinking in teaching literature opposes modernity’s teacher-centered ideas. The findings suggest that postmodernism’s opposition to the traditional teaching approach marks a shift, ultimately, in teaching literature and Foreign Languages.
Keywords: Postmodernism; postmodern approach; teaching literature; traditional approach; the pedagogy of the oppressed.
Birthing Choices Made by Pregnant Women on Mageta Island, Western Kenya
Authors: Ombere Stephen Okumu
Published: September 2024

Background:Birthing choices play significant roles in maternal outcomes. This article describes the birthing choices made by some women on Mageta Island (hereafter called simply “the Island”) of Western Kenya in relation to Universal Health Coverage (UHC) and free maternity services (FMS) policy ideals. Kenya has officially rolled out UHC and has also initiated universal coverage of maternal healthcare services to reduce maternal morbidities and mortalities. In 2016, the government of Kenya expanded FMS, called theLinda Mama(Taking Care of the Mother) initiative, which targets all pregnant women, newborns, and infants by offering free maternal healthcare services. Despite the existence of UHC and FMS in Kenya, women living on the Island have no access to such services. They therefore devise mechanisms for accessing maternal healthcare services.

Design:This study is based on an ethnographic design. Data were collected for 5 months using informal conversations, participant observation, and note-taking with mothers at their homes. The study included interviews with six pregnant mothers who were living on the Island at the time of our interviews.

Discussion:It emerged that women relied on their agency to find alternatives to biomedical maternal healthcare services, despite the existence of UHC. Such alternatives included having traditional midwives attend their births in their own homes, migrating to the mainland for proper care, and using kin relations as alternatives for birthing beyond the Island. This article highlights how the implementation of the UHC policy might be tailored to specific local contexts, which could help avert maternal mortalities in hard-to-reach areas such as the Island.
Entre Contágios e Reverberações com uma Antropologia Ameríndia: uma Educação Matemática
Authors: Pinto Thiago Pedro , Viola João Ricardo
Published: September 2024

Como produzir outros modos de contágios e reverberações nas nossas invenções de vida? Como filosofar para além dos modos onto-epistemologicamente centrados no método científico e na filosofia eurocêntrica (colonial, racista, patriarcal, moderna)? Que educações matemáticas nos são possíveis produzir numa relacionalidade com perspectivismos ameríndios? Quais outros modos, corpos e afetos são possíveis em educações matemáticas que canibalizam a própria antropologia? Neste ensaio, acontecemos em um movimento de habitar o perspectivismo ameríndio (apontado por Eduardo Viveiros de Castro) e afetar e ser afetados em invenções com corpos, coletividades num processo de equivocação. Nossas discussões problematizam certas narrativas e lógicas de educações matemáticas que se instituem cotidianamente desde escolas da Educação Básica a cursos de Pós-Graduação em Universidades. Somos provocados a olharmos para um espelho que nos devolve uma imagem na qual não nos reconhecemos e, assim, provocados a novas invenções de educações matemáticas em movimentos de contágios e reverberações. O canibalismo Tupi é trazido para pensar meios e relacionalidades possíveis para acessar este espelho que é o outro.
An Overlooked Market: Loose Cigarettes, Informal Vendors, and Their Implications for Tobacco Taxation
Authors: Quak Evert-janq
Published: September 2024

There is substantial evidence worldwide on tobacco taxation and its effectiveness as a tool to control tobacco use. However, a crucial aspect of the market for cigarettes in many low- and middle-income countries has been ignored – the prevalence for selling loose (single) cigarettes, rather than packs of cigarettes. This Research in Brief explores this mostly informal market for loose cigarettes, its dynamics, and unintended policy effects. Analysis of two main sources of data – the African Cigarettes Prices Project from the Research Unit on the Economics of Excisable Products (REEP), and data from all low- and middle-income countries covered by the International Tobacco Control’s (ITC) Policy Evaluation Project – which include information on loose cigarette prices, shows that there is a large market for loose cigarettes in low- and middle-income countries. Summary of ICTD Working Paper 154 written by Max Gallien, Giovanni Occhiali and Hana Ross.
Étude de l'aptitude du Movingui (Disthemonanthus benthamianus) à l'utilisation en lamellé-collé
Authors: Guiscafré Julien , Sales Christian
Published: September 2024

Le Centre technique forestier tropical a étudié le comportement de plusieurs poutres lamellées collées en Movingui, la colle utilisée étant la résorcine.Les essais ont montré que :La résistance au cisaillement dans le plan de collage, l'adhérence et la résistance au vieillissement sont excellentes.Le module d'élasticité, la résistance à la flexion et les limites d'élasticité des poutres lamellées collées sont dans tous les cas supérieurs aux valeurs obtenues avec des poutres massives.Le Movingui convient donc parfaitement à la production d'éléments lamellés-collés.
THE EFFECT OF PERSONAL TAX EXEMPTION ON FERTILITY IN INDONESIA
Authors: Khurria Arima , Handayani Dwini
Published: September 2024

Personal tax exemption (Penghasilan Tidak Kena Pajak - PTKP) can influence fertility choices by changing the costs or benefits of childbearing and increasing family disposable income. This study aims to investigate the impact of personal tax exemption on the addition of children in Indonesia. This study employs secondary data from Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS) data waves 4 and 5. The estimation, using a linear probability model, is an improvement from earlier studies as it employs a non-linear specification to more effectively capture the pattern of children's desired demand. This study found an inverse U-shaped relationship between the addition of children and personal tax exemption. The inverse U-shaped relationship indicates that the marginal effect of personal tax exemption decreases as the value of personal tax exemption increases. In addition, the probability of adding children is also influenced by the mother’s characteristics (age and working status), other adult female family members in the household, and the number of children. This study reveals that the taxation variable, personal tax exemption, can affect fertility. Thus, birth control should be carried out by considering various aspects other than direct birth control (e.g., family planning), including taxation.
Kantaron Uçucu Yağı ile Kabak Çekirdeği Ununun Farklı Konsantrasyonları Kullanılarak Üretilen Vegan Amaranth Sütlerinin Fiziko-Kimyasal ve Duyusal Özelliklerinin Belirlenmesi
Authors: Şenyurt Erkan , Yangılar Filiz
Published: September 2024

Bu araştırmada, %100 amaranth sütü v/v (K), %0.5 kabak çekirdeği unu + %0.5 kantaron uçucu yağı + amaranth sütü w/v (A), %0.75 kabak çekirdeği unu + %0.5 kantaron uçucu yağı+amaranth sütü w/v (B) ve %1 kabak çekirdeği unu + %0.5 kantaron uçucu yağı + amaranth sütü w/v (C) olmak üzere 4 adet vegan süt üretilerek fiziksel, kimyasal ve duyusal özellikleri belirlenmiştir. Örneklerin kurumadde, kül, yağ ve protein ile viskozite değerleri yapılan uygulamadan pozitif yönde bir etki kazanmıştır. Vegan sütlerin toplam karbonhidrat oranları %4.59 ile %7.94; enerji değerleri ise 49.01 kcal ve 51.55 kcal arasında belirlenmiştir. Vegan sütlerin pH değerleri 6.89-6.95 ve toplam asitlik değerleri ise %0.55-0.85 olup istatistiki olarak önemli bulunmuştur (p
Hazır Çim Üretimi ve Marmara Bölgesi Hazır Çim Firmaların Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Aytekin Doruk Alp , Zencirkıran Murat
Published: September 2024

Son yıllarda ülkemizde hızlı bir şekilde gelişme gösteren hazır çim üretimi faaliyetinde bulunan firmaların Marmara Bölgesi örneğinde değerlendirmelerin yapıldığı bu çalışmada yüzyüze anketler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bölge genelinde üretim faaliyetinde bulunduğu belirlenen 25 firma incelenmiş, 10 üretici firmanın Sakarya, 8 üretici firmanın İstanbul ve 4 üretici firmanın Bursa illerinde yer aldıkları görülmüştür. Firmaların %64’ünün son 15 yıl içerisinde kurulan genç firmalar olduğu ve personelin ise %68’inin 30-40 yaş aralıklarında oldukları görülmüştür. Sektörde yer alan firmaların üretim girdilerinin büyük bir çoğunluğunun ithal ikamesi ile karşılandığı yerlilik seviyesinin çok düşük olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Bünyesinde Bulunan Seralarda Yağmur Suyu Hasadı Potansiyelinin Belirlenmesi ve Ekonomik Analizi
Authors: Kılıç Umut , Yaylı Büşra , Kılıç İlker
Published: September 2024

Su, gelişmekte olan ülkelerde en çok tarım sektöründe kullanılırken gelişmiş ülkelerde ise en çok sanayi sektöründe kullanılmaktadır. Türkiye’de su, %77 ile en çok tarım sektöründe kullanılmaktadır. Küresel ısınma dünyada mevcut su kaynaklarında azalmalara neden olmaktadır. Gerekli tedbirlerin alınmaması, canlıların susuzluk yaşamalarına, tarımda sulama eksikliğinden kaynaklanan gıda sorunlarına, erozyon ve çölleşme gibi çeşitli iklimsel sorunların ortaya çıkmasına neden olacaktır. Bundan dolayı mevcut su kaynakları tasarruflu kullanılmalı ve gelecekte yaşanabilecek su kıtlığına alternatif yöntemlerin üzerinde durulması gereklidir. Yağmur suyu, kurak olmayan bölgelerde hem sürdürülebilir hem de tasarruf sağlayabilecek önemli kaynaklardan biridir. Yağmur suyu hasadı, su tasarrufu sağlamak amacıyla gerçekleştirilebilecek önlemlerden birisidir ve su stresinin azaltılmasında önemli bir rolü bulunmaktadır. Yapılan bu çalışmada, Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi’nde bulunan seraların yağmur suyu toplama kapasitelerini ve sistemin olası su tasarrufu ve ekonomik kazancını belirlemek amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma sonucuna göre, Bursa’ya yılda düşen yağış miktarı 719 L m-2’dir ve seraların yıllık yağmur suyu toplama potansiyeli 1179 ton’dur. En fazla akış Aralık ayında gerçekleşmiştir. Seralarda tüm yıl marul üretildiğinde, üretimde marulun su ihtiyacının tamamının karşılanabileceği sonucuna varılmıştır. Yağmur suyunun toplanması için planlanan depo sistemi ise kendini 12.5 yılda amorte edebilecektir.
Data-driven exploration and first-principles analysis of perovskite material
Authors: Zhang Lei , Zhou Jiacheng , Chen Xuexiao
Published: September 2024

In this study, we employ data-driven and first-principles methods (machine learning, density-functional theory and language model) to comprehensively explore crystal structures, electronic properties and applications of an emerging perovskite material, gadolinium scandate (GdScO3), which is an intriguing material that demonstrates potentials in electronics and optics. Using advanced machine learning algorithms based on genetic programming, we have discovered new crystal structures of GdScO3 that have not been previously reported, which are further examined via density functional theory (DFT) calculations and language models to provide detailed insights into their electronic and optical properties and potential applications. Our findings reveal novel new stable phases of GdScO3 and highlight the intricate influence of structural variations on its electronic band structures and light absorption properties. A subsequent domain-specific language model analysis indicates its possibility for photovoltaics pending further efforts to engineer defects revealed in the first-principles calculations. The integration of machine learning with first-principles calculations demonstrates a feasible approach for accelerating the exploration and analysis of materials. This work enriches the understanding of GdScO3 and establishes a robust framework for exploration and ontological analysis of new functional materials combining diverse data-driven techniques (e.g., language model and genetic programming) and first-principles methods.
Investigation of structural performances of historical building elements made with local materials using the finite element method
Authors: Zardari Saeid , Kutlu İzzettin , Nayeb Aslan
Published: September 2024

The structural performance of the materials used in historical buildings can be damaged, usually due to natural events or human-induced interference. Historical buildings in the Southeastern Anatolia Region were generally built with local materials such as stone and brick. This situation should be seen as a factor that may cause severe structural damage in buildings located on a regionally active fault line. Within the scope of the study, the materials used in the region were discussed, and a numerical model representing the behavior of the materials against an earthquake that could occur on the fault line was used. Stone, brick and concrete material definitions were made for the prototype of the arch form modeled with SAP2000, and time-history analyses were carried out separately for each material. Concrete material behaviors, frequently used in buildings constructed today, are also included in the analysis for comparison. As a result of the study, it has been observed that local materials do not have sufficient tensile strength against earthquakes compared to concrete material and that the structures may face the risk of collapse in case of seismic movements in the region.