bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ground Failure Triggered by the 7 January 2020 M 6.4 Puerto Rico Earthquake
Authors: Allstadt Kate E. , Thompson Eric M. , Bayouth García Desireé , Irizarry Brugman Edwin , Stephen Hughes K. , Schmitt Robert G.
Published: February 2022

The 7 January 2020 M 6.4 Puerto Rico earthquake, the mainshock of an extended earthquake sequence, triggered significant ground failure. In this study, we detail the ground failure that occurred based largely on a postearthquake field reconnaissance campaign that we conducted. We documented more than 300 landslides, mainly rock falls that were concentrated in areas where peak ground acceleration (PGA) exceeded 30%g; sparse smaller landslides occurred in highly susceptible areas more than 50 km from the epicenter and at PGA values <10%g. Though some of the largest mass movements were in natural slopes, rock falls in road cuts had more impact because they caused widespread transportation disruption. Some structures also were damaged by landslides, but no landslide-related fatalities were reported. Liquefaction and related lateral spreading were severe in some areas, causing damage to residential and commercial structures and a power plant. Most of the liquefaction occurred in coastal areas where shaking exceeded 50%g, though some of the most damaging instances were in Ponce, where shaking estimates were as low as 20%g. In this article, we summarize the most notable ground failures and detail the overall patterns that we observed. The observations and compiled inventory datasets presented here are valuable because no island-wide hazard maps for earthquake-triggered landslides or liquefaction have been developed for Puerto Rico, and postevent inventories are vital for such an effort. In general, the datasets presented here contribute to a global understanding of coseismic ground-failure hazard by presenting detailed observations for a relatively moderate ground-failure event with well-constrained shaking estimates; current models and expectations are biased by the tendency to collect detailed datasets mainly for exceptional events.
Immunization coverage in children of 24-35 months of age group in rural field practice areas of medical college, Visnagar, Gujarat, India: a cross sectional study
Authors: Joshi Maulik D. , Nimbalkar Dhruv P. , Thakor Nilesh
Published: February 2022

Background: Immunization plays a crucial role in reducing childhood morbidity and mortality, and higher coverage rates are needed to maintain the expected benefits. Objective was to assess immunization coverage in children of 12-23 months of age group in rural field practice areas of Medical College, Visnagar, Gujarat, India.Methods: Using the purposive sampling method, a cross sectional community based study was conducted in rural field practice areas of Nootan Medical College and Research Center, Visnagar during June 2021 to December 2021. All 214 children of 24-35 months age group of the areas were included after taking verbal informed consent of their parents or guardians. Vaccination status of the children was verified using the immunization card. Analysis of study was done by using appropriate statistical software.Results: Total 1934 households were surveyed. There were 214 children in the 24-35 months age group. Mamta card or immunization record was available with 145 (67.8%) mothers of 24-35 months age group of children. Maximum coverage was seen for bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) (96.7%) followed by pentavalent/RVV/OPV first dose (95.8%). Measles-Rubella (MR) 2nd dose coverage was 84.6%. Overall, 75.7% of the children in the 24-35 months age group were completely immunized while only 6 children were unimmunized. Dropout rate proportion for pentavalent 1st dose to pentavalent 3rd dose was 3.44% while for BCG first dose to MR second dose was 12.51%.Conclusions: Complete immunization coverage in children of 24-35 months of age group in rural field practice areas of Medical College, Visnagar was 75.7%.
Ventilação natural em salas de aula: revisão sistemática e bibliométrica
Authors: Scherer Paula , De Campos Grigoletti Giane , Vieira Romano Fabiane
Published: February 2022

A sala de aula é um ambiente destinado à permanência prolongada. Dentre seus atributos, estão aqueles relacionados ao seu conforto térmico, cuja importância para a qualidade do processo de ensino e aprendizagem já está consolidada na literatura pertinente. Este artigo objetiva verificar a frequência e a caracterização de trabalhos científicos que abordam a ventilação natural em salas de aula. Para isso, foi realizada uma revisão sistemática e bibliométrica. A revisão concentrou-se em artigos científicos indexados nas bases de dados Web of Science, Scopus, Sage Journals e Scielo, considerando um período de publicações que abrange desde o ano de 2001. Adicionalmente, as revistas brasileiras Ambiente Construído, Revista PARC: Pesquisa em Arquitetura e Revista Projetar: Projeto e Percepção do Ambiente foram incluídas nas bases de dados. Foram selecionadas 172 referências sobre o assunto. Os resultados mostraram que, com o desenvolvimento de softwares e plataformas mais robustas, a simulação tem sido uma ferramenta bastante usada no estudo da ventilação natural, além da aplicação de questionários. Ademais, a pandemia da COVID-19 apresentou-se como um fator em potencial para o aumento de artigos que abordam a ventilação natural em salas de aula a partir do ano de 2020, comparativamente aos anos anteriores. Depreende-se a importância crescente da ventilação natural em salas de aula, seja para garantir o conforto térmico com baixo dispêndio de energia, seja para garantir a qualidade do ar interno, destacando-se o Reino Unido e o Brasil.
Anteprojeto arquitetônico de um Centro de Convivência em Arroio Trinta – SC
Authors: Lazari Anderson Lari , Suckow Jeferson Eduardo , Biasi Juliana Aparecida , Parisotto Tulainy
Published: February 2022

O processo de envelhecimento do indivíduo vem apresentando mudanças ao passar dos anos ao redor do mundo. Tais alterações são baseadas no aumento na taxa de longevidade populacional, assim como, a necessidade dos órgãos institucionais em sem adaptar com a nova realidade. O presente artigo apresenta como objetivo a elaboração de um anteprojeto arquitetônico de um Centro de Convivência de Idosos para o município de Arroio Trinta, Santa Catarina. A escolha de tal tema se baseou na necessidade da população arroiotrintense em um ambiente que proporcione atividades ao cuidado do idoso, com enfoque no envelhecimento digno e de qualidade. O estudo metodológico se baseou em análise de referenciais teóricos sobre o tema, elaboração de estudos de caso na área e análise de terrenos viáveis para a estruturação do CCI. Através de tais informações, pode-se determinar o terreno com área adequada para receber a estruturação do anteprojeto que poderá gerar um local adequado e seguro para o assistencialismo à população idosa.
Bioefficacy and mass culturing of Heterorhabditis bacteriophora (Nematoda:Heterorhabditidae) on cabbage butterfly, Pieris brassicae (Lepidoptera:Pieridae) in temperate region of Kashmir, Indi
Authors: Mantoo M. A. , Zaki F. A. , Jan Rasi
Published: February 2022

A laboratory investigation was carried out to assess the bioefficacy and mass culturing of Kashmir isolate of entomopathogenic nematode (EPN), Heterorhabditis bacteriophora on cabbage butterfly, Pieris brassicae in Srinagar. The pathogenicity of H. bacteriophora against 3rd, 4th and 5th larval instars of P. brassicae showed cent per cent mortality of the pest in all the three larval instars at the dosages of 20 IJs/larva and above. The LC50 values of H. bacteriophora against 3rd, 4th and 5th larval instars of P. brassicae ranged from 46.61 to 9.32, 76.33 to 9.82 and 91.36 to 10.08 IJs/larva at 24 to 96 h and that the LT50 values from 65.15 to 23.12, 84.54 to 29.20 and 105.36 to 33.52 h at 10 to 60 IJs/larva, respectively. The average production of nematode infective juveniles per larvae was found to be 7.02 x 103, 25.74 x 103 and 58.45 x 103 and that from per gram of host body weight was 91.49 x 103, 151.30 x 103 and 233.78 x 103 in 3rd, 4th and 5th larval instars of P. brassicae, respectively. The total time period between the larval mortality and the initiation of emergence of the infective juveniles from the cadavers ranged from 7-8, 9-10 and 10-11 days and the peak period of emergence of infective juveniles ranged from 10-13, 14-19, 16-21 days after mortality from the cadavers of 3rd, 4th and 5th larval instars of P. brassicae, respectively. The total duration of nematode emergence recorded during the period between larval mortality and cessation of emergence of infective juveniles from the cadavers ranged 17-19, 23-25 and 26-29 days after mortality in case of 3rd, 4th and 5th larval instars of P. brassicae, respectively.
Financing Education under Samagra Shiksha Abhiyan: An Initial Analysis in Selected States of India
Authors: Khanna Pallavi
Published: February 2022

Funding policies in the education sector have undergone significant change over the years in India. In recent years, one such big change is the integration of three major flagship programmes for education, namely: Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA), Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha Abhiyan (RMSA) & Teacher Education (TE) under one umbrella scheme known as Samagra Shiksha Abhiyan (SMSA). As financial year 2018-19 is the initial year for implementation of the scheme, hence, this paper explores the planning and budgeting aspects of the Samagra Shiksha Abhiyan in selected states of India. The study has been carried out for the eight states, viz., Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, West Bengal, Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, and Delhi, for the period of 2018-19 to 2019-20. The paper studies the financing of education under SMSA. The paper also analyses the distribution of support from the union government under the scheme. Drawing on the lessons from such analysis, the historical background and past experiences of implementation of previous education schemes, viz., Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan, Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha Abhiyan, and Teacher Education, the paper examines the design and ground level challenges of the Samagra Shiksha Abhiyan in selected states of India.
Evidence Based Library and Information Practice (EBLIP) is seeking an Editorial Intern
Authors: Editorial Team
Published: February 2022

No abstract.
Incubators and Micro and Small Enterprise Growth: A Narrative Literature Review
Authors: Omar Ahmad Raflis Che , Ishak Suraiya , Manaf Azima Abdul , Sabri Nur Shafiqah Mohd , Osman Lokhman Hakim
Published: February 2022

This article presents a narrative literature review that aims to accomplish three objectives: (1) to describe the role of external support—namely, the incubator program—in encouraging micro and small business growth; (2) to explain the concept of the incubator program; and (3) to identify the typologies in the execution of entrepreneurial incubator programs. Findings from the review show that external support is required in the early growth of the life cycle indicated by the “growth through creativity” and “growth through direction” phases in the Greiner Growth Model and the “existence” and “survival” stages in the Churchill and Lewis Growth Model. The incubator concept is centered around providing basic, specific amenities and services to support the selected MSEs growth. Incubators are a form of external support that aim to assist the growth of start-up MSEs. Finally, four typologies are identified based on the degree of supervision and range of services offered.
Dynamics of Successful Formation of Professional Identity of Future Psychologists in Higher Education Institutions
Authors:   Lviv State University of Life Safety, Lviv, Ukraine, Zaverukha Olha , Popovych Ihor ,   Kherson State University, Karpenko Yevhen ,   Lviv State University of Internal Affairs, Lviv, Ukraine, Kozmenko Olena ,   Volodymyr Dahl East Ukrainian National University, Severodonetsk, Ukraine, Stelmakh Oksana ,   Lviv State University of Life Safety, Lviv, Ukraine, Borysenko Oksana ,   Lviv State University of Internal Affairs, Lviv, Ukraine, Hulias Inesa ,   Yuriy Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University, Chernivtsi, Ukraine, Kovalchuk Zoriana ,   Lviv State University Internal Affairs, Lviv, Ukraine
Published: February 2022

The article is devoted to the theoretical substantiation and empirical research of dynamic features of successful professional identity’s formation of students-psychologists in institutions of higher education. The importance of this issue is substantiated and an empirical research is held. The psychological semantic features of the formation’s stages of professionalism, professional crises during the profession of psychologist at the university are studied. The influence of educational and professional activity on professional identity is outlined. The definition of professional identity as a psychological category is concretized, which is the awareness of a specialist of his belonging to a certain profession and a certain professional community. Valid psychodiagnostic tools were used and comparative and correlation analyses of data were performed. The structure of professional identity, which combines cognitive, emotional and behavioural components, is revealed. The results of empirical research confirmed that the dynamics of successful development of professional identity of future psychologists in the learning process is the gradual formation of its structural components. Crisis tendencies in the identity of third-year students have been established. They are caused by frustration in professional and life choices, inconsistency of expectations and ideas about the profession and the realities of its acquisition. The presence of identity crisis of the third-year students was established. It is proved that professional identity is determined by the conscious choice of respondents by profession. It is verified and substantiated that students, who are characterized by the formed mature professional identity, quite consciously choose the educational trajectory and carefully complete it with selective educational components.
Engaging Youth as Community Leaders in Outdoor Education Research, Program Design, and Evaluation
Authors: Schmidt Alayna , Bobilya Andrew
Published: February 2022

When considering community impacts of outdoor education (OE), youth are community members, leaders, and experts who can and should be meaningfully involved in the design and evaluation of OE programs and research that impact them. Ensuring youth have agency in these processes can create opportunities for building community (Brennan, 2008), making connections with diverse audiences (Arunkumar et al., 2019), cultivating youth leadership development (Brennan, 2008), and connecting multiple generations with each other and with the outdoors (D’Amore, 2016; Mannion et al., 2010; Peterson et al., 2019). Additionally, youth are leading movements toward the future they want for themselves and those who will come after them. Adults are critical allies in the success of these movements. Researchers and practitioners of OE have a responsibility to facilitate young people’s meaningful participation in the programs and related research that impact them in order to more fully realize the previously noted community impacts. This paper summarizes select models for youth participation which can be applied specifically in OE contexts and provides suggestions for practice and future research to spark conversations around how OE practitioners and researchers as adult allies can engage youth as community leaders in every phase of program and research design and implementation.
How Incorporating Deliberate Practice in Work Placement May Contribute to Developing Expertise in Translators
Authors: Sadza Agata
Published: February 2022

The article explores some of the ways in which work placement that accompanies or follows academic instruction may contribute to stimulating trainee translators’ professional development. Inspired by general and profession-specific concepts and components of expertise proposed by researchers in the field of cognitive sciences and translation studies as well as her own experience as a translator, translation trainer, and work placement mentor, the author presents some of her observations and preliminary highlights of her ongoing research to emphasise how individualised support for trainees’ conscious effort in the course of work placement in a translation company may help novice translators hone their skills and at the same time assume responsibility for their own development, thus empowering them and setting them on track to become experts. In her considerations, the author refers to the minimal concept of translation expertise propounded by Muñoz Martín (2014) and to the notion of deliberate practice as posited by Ericsson et al. (1993) to propose how deliberate practice may be implemented as one of the significant elements of translation work placement in a student-centred course of learning, where various aspects of the actual workplace setting contribute to increased readiness for conscious effort in trainees. This paper may prove of use to translator trainers as well as work placement mentors/coordinators, both on the part of the academic institution, and within the organisation accepting trainees, when they shape or revise their curricula or work placement agendas.
Evaluation of Salt Tolerance during the Seed Germination Stage of Five Varieties of Vicia sativa
Authors: Hejing Zhao , Rulin Wu , Zhiguo Liu , Liu Zhongkuan , Gui-Xia Liu
Published: February 2022

Background: Common vetch (Vicia sativa L.) is a legume that is widely used as pasture, silage and livestock feed. However, the area of secondary Saline-Alkali land throughout the world has been increasing, resulting to lower crop yields. Therefore, high-yielding common vetch varieties with good tolerance to salt must be identified. Methods: Salt tolerance during the seed germination stage of five common vetch varieties was assessed using gray correlation, standard deviation coefficient allocation weighted method and membership function value. Result: Seedling growth characteristics were significantly reduced by increased salt concentration. Notably, while the seed germination potential of the varieties decreased significantly at 0.9% salt concentration, excluding that of 333A, these decreased values for germination potential were still more than 50% higher than that of the control. Based on gray correlation methods and membership function values, varieties were graded according to salt tolerance, in which 22216 was the best, followed by Sujian 3, 7504 and 1586, while 333A was the worst.
A Web-Based Educational Intervention to Increase Perinatal Nurse and Pre-Licensure Student Knowledge and Self-Efficacy in Providing Postpartum Depression Care
Authors: Link Kimberly A. , Tinius Rachel , Cynthia Logsdon M.
Published: February 2022

Perinatal nurses and pre-licensure nursing students may lack knowledge of postpartum depression and appropriate interventions. Nurses and students may also have decreased self-efficacy in assessing for postpartum depression and providing education on this potential complication to new mothers. This project examined the use of a web-based educational module to increase perinatal nurses’ and pre-licensure nursing students’ knowledge of postpartum depression and postpartum depression interventions. Participants’ self-efficacy in assessing for postpartum depression and providing education was measured before and after viewing the module. Results of this study indicate a web-based module can be effective for increasing perinatal nurses’ and pre-licensure nursing students’ knowledge of postpartum depression interventions and self-efficacy in providing this vital care to new mothers.
Benefits of Accreditation
Authors: Budin Wendy C.
Published: February 2022

In this column, the editor of The Journal of Perinatal Education discussed the benefits of accreditation and what it means to the profession and to consumers. The editor also describes the contents of this issue, which offer a broad range of resources, research, and inspiration for childbirth educators in their efforts to promote, support, and protect natural, safe, and healthy birth.
Estimation of Armington elasticities: case of vegetables in Mongolia
Authors: Uuld Amar , Magda Robert
Published: February 2022

Mongolian people often consume meat more than vegetable in diet due to traditional nomadic culture. Nowadays, the Mongolian people’s diet has been changing who consume more vegetables with associated urbanization (half of the population live in urban areas, mostly in the capital city). Even though vegetable consumption has been increased recently, the vegetable market is still a high reliance on imports and threatening national food security. Since 2016, the Mongolian government has especially paid attention to increasing vegetable's domestic production and substitution to import vegetables (Ministry of food and Agriculture, 2017). Therefore, this paper provided to substitution elasticity (the Armington elasticity) between import vegetables and domestic vegetables in Mongolia. Additionally, we estimated the home bias value of vegetables. The so-called Armington elasticities are widely used for computable general equilibrium (CGE) analysis, which determines a degree of substitution between import goods and domestically produced goods. Several of the authors studied Armington elasticities at the product level. We choose six vegetables (such as potato, garlic and onion, tomato, carrot and turnips, cabbage, and cucumber) related to lack of information. The empirical result shows that the Armington elasticities in the long-run higher than the short-run with exception of potato which means that products are similar in the long-run. However, our estimated Armington elasticities are quite lower than the previous studies result which means that Mongolian people indicated more prefer home growing vegetables than import vegetables. Moreover, we found that the home bias value is high in the short-run even long -run, this appears to be a higher relative weight on home vegetables.

JEL code: F13, Q17, Q18
Development of leisure and sports consumption and sports motivation among children with disabilities
Authors: Laoues-Czimbalmos Nóra , Szerdahelyi Zoltán , Müller Anetta
Published: February 2022

The number of studies on the leisure and sporting habits of people with disabilities as well as the background of sports motivation is far from the focus of research on intact research. Thus, the assessment of physical habits and sports motivation factors determining the quality of life of persons with disabilities can be considered as a less researched deficit area in Hungary and internationally.

In our research, we examine the recreational and sporting habits of the 8-18 year-olds, as well as the motivational background, and the results of this research are presented in this paper. The importance of this issue is confirmed by the fact that, according to a UN survey, 650 million people have some kind of disability, 50 million of them in Europe and nearly half a million in Hungary, 5% of the population. The questionnaire (N = 639) was filled by children with disabilities living in the North Great Plain region with the help of a teacher. We used both closed and open questions in the questionnaire, and we helped and orient children with response categories for some questions.

 Data were processed using SPSS software, averaged, standard deviation, median, mode, and Chi2 probe was used to examine relationships in addition to basic statistics.

Our results showed that it is a problem for young people with disabilities that they prefer passive leisure activities, which is similar to the results of studies on intact research. Boys and girls have different sports, boys are more active than girls.
High Throughput Neurological Phenotyping with MetaMap
Authors: Hier Daniel B. , Yelugam Raghu , Carrithers Michael D. , Wunsch II Donald C.
Published: February 2022

The phenotyping of neurological patients involves the conversion of signs and symptoms into machine readable codes selected from an appropriate ontology. The phenotyping of neurological patients is manual and laborious. MetaMap is used for high throughput mapping of the medical literature to concepts in the Unified Medical Language System Metathesaurus (UMLS). MetaMap was evaluated as a tool for the high throughput phenotyping of neurological patients. Based on 15 patient histories from electronic health records, 30 patient histories from neurology textbooks, and 20 clinical summaries from the Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man repository, MetaMap showed a recall of 61-89%, a precision of 84-93%, and an accuracy of 56-84% for the identification of phenotype concepts. The most common cause of false negatives (failure to recognize a phenotype concept) was an inability of MetaMap to find concepts that were represented as a description or a definition of the concept. The most common cause of false positives (incorrect identification of a concept in the text) was a failure to recognize that a concept was negated. MetaMap shows potential for high throughput phenotyping of neurological patients if the problems of false negatives and false positives can be solved.
Reproducing Neural Network Research Findings via Reverse Engineering: Replication of AlphaGo Zero by Crowdsourced Leela Zero
Authors: Tanksley Dustin , Hier Daniel B. , Wunsch II Donald C.
Published: February 2022

The reproducibility of scientific findings is essential to the integrity of research. The scientific method requires hypotheses to be validated independently by different laboratories. Investigators are expected to provide sufficient information in their publications to permit an objective evaluation of their methods and an independent reproduction of their results. This is particularly true for research supported by public funds, where transparency of both methods and findings represents a return on public investment. Unfortunately, many publications fall short of this standard for various reasons, including a desire to protect intellectual property or national security. The reproducibility of findings is essential in transferring machine learning findings from research into healthcare practice. Fortunately, the internet makes it easier to overcome these limitations by permitting multiple individuals to participate in reproducibility efforts and to crowdsource the reverse engineering of novel software. We present a case study of this capability from neural network research. The success of the crowdsourced project Leela Zero to reverse engineer the findings of AlphaGo Zero exemplifies the ability to reproduce novel results despite the lack of extensive computational resources or a detailed description of the initial experimental methods. The implications of this successful reverse engineering effort for future reproducibility of neural network research are discussed.
Long-Term Change, Commercialisation of Cocoa Farming, and Agroecosystems and Forest Rehabilitation in Ghana
Authors: Amanor Kojo , Yaro Joseph , Teye Joseph
Published: February 2022

Cocoa production has a long history in Ghana, originating in the late nineteenth century. Since then, cocoa production has seen significant changes. Originally, cocoa was cultivated in newly cleared forests in which many forest trees were preserved as shade trees. Cocoa is ideally suited to these conditions and produces high yields with minimum investment in labour and inputs. However, over time, as the forest conditions change, the cost of cultivating cocoa has increased and yields have declined. As long as new forest frontiers exist, farmers have continued to move into these areas, which have displaced older areas of cultivation, since the costs of production are significantly lower in the new frontiers. In recent years, however, new forest frontiers have declined and most cocoa farmers have been forced to rehabilitate and replant cocoa in open land. This study examines the rational of frontier development; changes in land relations, labour relations and use of technology; and the impact of these factors on different categories of farmers, including women and youth. This is developed through two comparative case studies drawn from the older cocoa frontier of the Eastern Region, and the more recent frontier of Western North Region.
Comprehensive Social Protection Programming: What is the Potential for Improving Sanitation Outcomes?
Authors: Roelen Keetie , Rodriguez Karol
Published: February 2022

Millions of people around the world do not have access to adequate sanitation facilities, undermining progress towards Sustainable Development Goal 6.2 that calls for adequate and equitable sanitation for all. Efforts to improve sanitation outcomes have been rapidly accelerated in the past decade alongside an expansion of different financial incentives or subsidies to promote access to services and motivate sanitation behaviour. In parallel, social protection has become part and parcel of development policy, with many low- and middle-income countries now offering some form of cash transfers to those most vulnerable. Comprehensive interventions that couple financial transfers with complementary support such as behaviour change communication, training, or coaching have also grown increasingly popular. Despite similarities between water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) subsidy schemes and social protection interventions, these policy areas have largely developed in silos and limited cross-sectoral learning has taken place. This paper begins to fill this knowledge gap by assessing the potential for comprehensive social protection in addressing sanitation outcomes and drawing out policy implications for the social protection and WASH communities. It does so by focusing on a social protection programme in the context of extreme poverty in rural Haiti.
Building Religious Harmony and Tolerance: Social Da’wa by Sayyid Ahmad bin Salim Al Muhdlor
Authors: Nurcholis Ahmad , Moh. Arif Moh Arif , Efendi Heri , Sunarsih Wiwik
Published: February 2022

Most activities of Islamic propagation (da’wah) focus on a conventional method of normative teaching that may result in fanaticism and dogmatism. However, da’wah activity should be also inclusive and attentive to the context where it is held. The purpose of this article is to describe, analyze, and interpret the social da’wah carried out by Sayid Ahmad that could create religious harmony and tolerance in Tulungagung, East Java. Based on the theory of structural functionalism by Talcott Parsons, this phenomenological study analyses the structure of society and the interrelationships of various structures seen to be mutually supportive of dynamic equilibrium. This theory focuses on how good order is maintained among various elements of society. This study shows Sayyid Ahmad uses social da’wah approach by establishing economic harmonization, building educational institutions to teach tolerance values, constructing mosques by different religious adherents to realize the meaning of tolerance, and completing the mosque with good facilities and infrastructure. He also teaches the pillars of tolerance and harmony among religious communities by serving and helping each other, giving justice to anyone, and respecting other religions.
Experience of living donor liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma in the University of Hong Kong Hospital
Authors: Mok Janice Hoi Man
Published: February 2022

Aim: To describe the current practise of living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), including the patient selection criteria, surgical techniques, management of small-for-size syndrome, postoperative complications, and the results of our units, in the Liver Transplant Centre of Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, one of the high-volume centres for LDLT in Asia. Methods: Our centre practises careful selection for HCC patients using the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) criteria, supplemented by alpha-fetoprotein level and the model for end-stage liver disease score. Slight flexibility is offered to enthusiastic donors and recipients in LDLT while balancing the risks and benefits. We pioneered in using the extended right lobe graft and the novel hepatic venoplasty technique, which lessen the risk of hyperperfusion and small-for-size syndrome with improved overall recipient survival. Data were collected prospectively and presented as the mean values and ranges, or the number of patients in proportion of total patient population. Results: Of our patients, 74.9% met the UCSF criteria, and 64.5% met the Milan criteria. A 5-year overall and disease-free survival rate of 78.9% and 76.3% were achieved. Conclusion: LDLT is an ideal treatment for HCC in Hong Kong with regard to the critical organ shortage and high demand for transplantation. The current surgical techniques and post-transplant surveillance contribute to the positive outcome.
Mechanism underlying the immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced hyper-progressive state of cancer
Authors: Ding Peng , Wen Lu , Tong Fan , Zhang Ruiguang , Huang Yu , Dong Xiaorong
Published: February 2022

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are gradually replacing chemotherapy as the cornerstone of the treatment of advanced malignant tumors because of their long-lasting and significant effect in different tumor types and greatly prolonging the survival time of patients. However, not all patients can respond to ICIs, and even rapid tumor growth after treatment with ICI has been observed in a number of clinical studies. This rapid progression phenomenon is called hyper-progressive disease (HPD). The occurrence of HPD is not uncommon. Past statistics show that the incidence of HPD is 4%-29% in different tumor types, and the progression-free survival and overall survival of patients with HPD are significantly shorter than those of the non-HPD progressor group. With the deepening of the study of HPD, we have established a preliminary understanding of HPD, but the diagnostic criteria of HPD are still not unified, and the addition of biomarkers may break this dilemma. In addition, quite a few immune cells have been found to be involved in the occurrence and development of HPD in the tumor microenvironment, indicating that the molecular mechanism of HPD may be triggered by a variety of ongoing events at the same time. In this review, we summarize past findings, including case reports, clinical trials, and fundamental research; compare the diagnostic criteria, incidence, and clinical prognostic indicators of HPD in different studies; and explore the molecular mechanism and future research direction of HPD.
Microbiomes of medicinal plants and their potential avenues as bioresources – A review
Authors: Rizwan Rehma , Gothalwal Ragini
Published: February 2022

Sustainable enhancement in bioactive production of medicinal plants must encompass a balanced use of inorganic, organic, and biofertilizer sources of plant nutrients to augment and maintain soil fertility, productivity and quantity. This necessitates an intricate analysis of the inter-relationships between microbial communities and their impact on host plant productivity. A large variety of fungi and bacteria is recognized in phyllosphere, endosphere and rhizosphere of medicinal plant that showed significant effect in secondary metabolite alteration and uptake of plant nutrients. Significant phytotherapeutic compounds are actually produced by associated microbes through interaction with their host plant which lead to recognition of microbe and plant interaction. In modern medicine and agriculture, medicinal plant are considered rich bioresources yet their ecological role of microbiome is unexplored. Plant-associated microbes form holobiont which is responsible for the beneficial interplay of the host and its microbiome by maintaining host plant fitness, health, nutrition and increased tolerance to abiotic stresses, adaptation to environmental variations promotion of the establishment of mycorrhizal association. Some genera are ubiquitous and can be found distributed over the entire plant, such as the well-known plant-associated genera Bacillus and Pseudomonas. The objective of this review is to introduce insights into plant-microbe interaction in medicinal plants
Available Evidence Indicates That Pediatric Use of Acetaminophen Adversely Affects Neurodevelopment in Susceptible Babies and Children
Authors: Parker William , Patel Esha , Jones John , Konsoula Zacharoula
Published: February 2022

Acetaminophen use during pregnancy and early childhood was accepted in the 1970s, but is now a subject of considerable concern. Careful analysis shows that initial acceptance of the drug was based on false assumptions and ignorance of the impact of the drug on brain development. Fourteen studies now indicate that prenatal exposure to acetaminophen is associated with neurodevelopmental problems. Based on corrections for confounding factors applied to the analyses of available data, it can be concluded that prenatal exposure to acetaminophen causes statistically significant risks of one subtype of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), developmental delays, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. In contrast, data regarding postnatal exposure to acetaminophen are limited, and several factors impede a classic multivariate analysis of data to resolve the issue. However, circumstantial evidence regarding postnatal exposure to the drug is abundant, and it can be concluded beyond a reasonable doubt that postnatal exposure to acetaminophen in susceptible children is responsible for many if not most cases of ASD. Circumstantial evidence includes at least three otherwise unexplained temporal relationships, data from laboratory animal studies, several miscellaneous and otherwise unexplained correlations, and the lack of alternative suspects that fit the evidence-derived profile.
Proposals on Virus Taxonomy Using the Examples from the Families of Phenuiviridae, Nairoviridae, and Peribunyavidae
Authors: Ji Yu-Fei , Sun Ming-Hui , Chen Rui-Xu , Li Guo-Hui , Gong Huan-Yu , Chen Ji-Ming
Published: February 2022

In recent years, the taxonomy of the families of Phenuiviridae, Nairoviridae, and Peribunyavidae in Bunyavirales was updated frequently, because many novel viruses in these families have been identified and the species demarcation criteria of these families have been changed. As per these criteria and sequence analysis, we found that the taxonomy of 19 species in these families should be revised. We presented six proposals for optimizing virus species taxonomy using the examples from these families. First, the species demarcation criteria for the same family (e.g., Peribunyavidae) should be unified. Second, the methods and parameters for the taxonomic calculation in the same order (e.g., Bunyavirales) should be unified. Third, virus species taxonomy should be based on phylogenetic relationships, rather than a cutoff value of sequence identities that is a self-contradictory demarcation criterion, although sequence identities aid virus taxonomy greatly. Fourth, virus species taxonomy should be based on the phylogenetic relationship of a key viral gene (e.g., the RdRp gene of Bunyavirales), which is important for the taxonomy of virus recombinants or reassortants. Fifth, a virus can be demarcated without a species before its biomedical significance has been revealed. Sixth, names of all viruses and virus species should be constituted exclusively with common characters (English letters and Arab numbers), to minimize difficulty in spelling and communication. These proposals are rational, flexible, and can accommodate all known viruses. They can also bridge the taxonomy history and the future demands due to their flexibility.
Standard Time Analysis on The Cutting and Packaging Section of Porridge Sticky Rice “JELITA”
Authors: Larasati Linggar , Maflahah Iffan , Burhan
Published: February 2022

The research aims to determine the standard working time on the cutting and packaging of glutinous jenang "JELITA". The cutting and packaging part is the part of the production process that determines the amount of production produced. The determination of standard time is done through the analysis of working methods and working time in those parts. The method used is the calculation of the standard time in the determination of operating process chart, left right handed chart, and flow diagrams. The results showed that improvements in working methods based on work maps were obtained based on proposed improvements. The proposed improvement results in the effectiveness and efficiency of the operating process time up to the layout on the work system, while in the determination of the default time produces 52 seconds of the standard time of the cutting process and 226 seconds of the raw time of the packaging process.
Sağlık Kurumlarında Örgütsel Sessizlik ve İnformel İletişim İlişkisi Üzerine Bir Araştırma
Authors: SARI Büşra , KIRILMAZ Harun
Published: February 2022

Gelişen teknoloji ve çağdaş yönetim yaklaşımları örgüt yapılarında değişimleri beraberinde getirmektedir. Bu değişimler yönetim ve organizasyon alanında çok büyük öneme sahip olsalar da örgütlerin temelinde insan unsuru yer almaktadır. Bu sebeple ampirik araştırmaların çoğunlukla insan davranışlarını anlamak üzerine şekillendiği görülmektedir. Bu doğrultuda örgütsel sessizlik ve informel iletişim ilişkisi, araştırmanın teorik çerçevesini oluşturmaktadır. Buradan hareketle araştırmanın amacı örgütsel sessizlik ve informel iletişim arasında ilişki olup olmadığı, örgütsel sessizliğin informel iletişim üzerinde etkisi olup olmadığı, örgütsel sessizlik ve informel iletişim düzeyinin sosyo-demografik özelliklere göre farklılaşıp farklılaşmadığının belirlenmesidir. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak anket formu kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde tanımlayıcı istatistiksel yöntemler, Mann Whitney U testi, Kruskal Wallis testi, korelasyon analizi ve regresyon analizi kullanılmıştır. Çalışmadan elde edilen bulgulara göre; katılımcıların örgütsel sessizlik ve informel iletişim düzeyleri arasında pozitif yönlü anlamlı bir ilişki olduğu ve örgütsel sessizliğin informel iletişim üzerinde pozitif yönlü anlamlı bir etkisi olduğu görülmüştür. İlişki ve etki boyutu düşük düzeyli olsa da katılımcıların örgütsel sessizlik düzeyleri arttığında, informel iletişim düzeylerinde de artış olacağı beklenmektedir. Bu nedenle çalışanların örgütsel sessizlik eyleminde bulunmalarına sebep olan faktörlerin belirlenerek etkili iletişimin sağlanabileceği çalışma ortamları oluşturarak, informel iletişimi olumlu yönde beslemek sağlık kurumları için önemli görülmektedir.
HFE Gene Regulation of T Lymphocyte Activity Can Be a Potential Target of PCOS
Authors: Song Yu-Hang , Chen Ya-Nan , Wang Bin-Lu , Du Guo-Qing , Li Yao , Xu Qi
Published: February 2022

Background Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) may be characterized by skeletal muscle abnormalities. Pioglitazone has a certain therapeutic effect on skeletal muscle metabolism in PCOS patients.Objective To investigate the other effects of pioglitazone on skeletal muscle and its mechanism.Methods We used weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) to identify potential key genes and signaling pathways involved in pioglitazone affecting skeletal muscle in PCOS patients. First, download the chip data of GSE8157 from GEO database. Then, modules related to genes expressed in skeletal muscle of PCOS patients before and after pioglitazone treatment were screened by WGCNA, and core genes and differential gene analysis methods were further selected according to the correlation characteristics between modules and clinical manifestations. Finally, the selected genes were enriched for analysis.Results Four significantly up-regulated genes were screened out by differential gene analysis: MTBP, MAPK14, RBBP6 and PTPRC. They are both associated with cell cycle regulation and immune cell (T cell) antigen receptor signaling.Conclusions The effect of pioglitazone on skeletal muscle of PCOS patients is mainly reflected in the regulation of abnormal expression of cell cycle and immune cell-related genes. Among them, HFE gene has the most obvious regulation effect on T lymphocyte activity, which may be a potential gene target for the treatment of PCOS.
Impact of A Peer-Led, Community-Based Parenting Programme Delivered At A National Scale: An Uncontrolled Cohort Design With Benchmarking
Authors: Day Crispin , Harwood Joshua , Kendall Nadine , Nicoll Jo
Published: February 2022

Background: Childhood behavioural are the most common mental health disorder worldwide and represent a major public health concern, particularly in socially disadvantaged communities. Treatment barriers mean that up to 70% of children do not receive recommended parenting interventions. Innovative approaches, including evidence-based peer-led models, such as Empowering Parents Empowering Communities’ (EPEC) Being a Parent (BAP) programme, have the potential to reduce childhood difficulties and improve parenting if replicable and successfully delivered at scale. Method: This real-world quasi-experimental study, with embedded RCT benchmarking, examined the population reach, attendance, acceptability and outcomes of 128 BAP groups (n=930 parents) delivered by 15 newly established sites participating in a UK EPEC scaling programme. Results: Scaling programme (SP) sites successfully reached parents living in areas of greater social deprivation (n=476, 75.3%), experiencing significant disadvantage (45.0% left school by 16; 39.9% lived in rental accommodation; 36.9% lone parents). The only benchmarked demographic difference was ethnicity, reflecting the greater proportion of White British parents living in scaling site areas (SP 67.9%; RCT 22.4%). Benchmark comparisons showed scaling sites’ parent group leaders achieved similar levels of satisfaction. Scaling site parent participants reported substantial levels of improvement in child concerns (ES 0.6), parenting (ES 0.9), parenting goals (ES 1.2) and parent wellbeing (ES 0.6) that were of similar magnitude to RCT benchmarked results. Though large, parents reported lower levels of parenting knowledge and confidence acquisition compared with the RCT benchmark. Conclusion: Despite common methodological limitations associated with real-world scaling evaluations, findings suggest that this peer-led, community-based, parenting approaches can be replicated at scale and may have considerable potential to improve child and parenting difficulties, particularly for socially disadvantaged populations.