bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis Pengaruh Jumlah Produksi Sepeda Motor dan Jumlah Tenaga Kerja Industri Komponen Sepeda Motor terhadap Gross Domestic Product Di Indonesia 1998-2003
Authors: Suriansha Reza
Published: February 2022

Japan's fourth largest motorcycle company in Indonesia are PT.Astra Honda Motor, PT.Yamaha Motor Kencana Indonesia, PT.Suzuki Indomobil and PT.Kawasaki Motor Indonesia, and have more than 90% market shares, which make them able to represent the entire motorcycle industry. Total production of the company is showing a positive trend towards Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of Indonesia from 1998 to 2003. In addition, motorcycle parts industry was important to the GDP of Indonesia because the industry requires the presence of components for assembly. This study aims to find out and analyze the linkages Indonesia's GDP from 1998 to 2003, the number of motorcycle production in four Japanese motorcycle companies in Indonesia and the amount of employment in the motorcycle parts industry. The data used are primary and secondary data. There are three hypotheses to be tested. These results prove that in fact the number of Japan's motorcycle production company affect Indonesia's GDP, and the number of Japan's motorcycle production company does not affect the amount of labor motorcycle parts industry significantly. In addition, the GDP did not affect the amount of labor motorcycle parts industry significantly. It is proven that there are some discrepancy between theory and practice.
The Quest Towards Robust, Adaptive, and Smart Compressible Solvers
Authors: Parsani Matteo
Published: February 2022

Together with the algorithm suitability to exploit current petascale and next-generation exascale supercomputers, robust, accurate, and structure-preserving discretizations are necessary for developing predictive computational tools.

In this seminar, we will show how to leverage a multidisciplinary platform that integrates numerical analysis, physics, and high-performance computing for the analysis and development of novel numerical methods for ordinary and partial differential equations with provable properties such as nonlinear stability (entropy stability) and conservation, and structure-preserving techniques. These properties are critical for designing reliable, efficient, and self-adaptive solvers for complex geometries – an essential cornerstone for next-generation computational frameworks.

Current classes of partial differential equations that we are working on are the compressible Navier–Stokes equations and the Eulerian model for compressible heat-conducting flows. We also use deep learning to complement and speed up the process of solving efficiently large-scale PDE-based problems. In this talk, we will summarize the progress we made in the last few years in the following areas:

- Numerical analysis and algorithm development for robust, smart compressible flow solvers.
- Development from the ground up of a new scalable hp-adaptive computational fluid dynamics (CFD) framework, a potential prototype of the future compressible solver as chartered by the NASA CFD 2030 vision.

I will show applications and impact in the automotive and aerospace industry and in it extension for improving knowledge of flow physics in detonation and aeroacoustics.
Vocal Art: Development Factors (From The History Of The Formation Of Fundamental Values)
Authors: Khamidova Marfua
Published: February 2022

This article deals with the factors that played an essential role in the development of European Opera art and academic singing, which was formed by taking all the best that was developed over the centuries, forming criteria for the ideal sound image, starting with classical, romantic Opera and Opera verism and modernist concepts of the early twentieth century.
Tanavors
Authors: Ganieva Irada
Published: February 2022

Tanavor is a unique phenomenon in the cuiture of Uzbek people. Tanavor in the minds of the people is a philosophical category that incorporates history, originality, social, emotional, national-specific features. This creation is an example of the oral and professional creativity of Uzbek people, it can be attributed to high samples of musical folklore, which declared currently at the end of nineteenth century, and which continues to evolve to this day in music, in danse.
Building a Library of Samples (Kontakt) of The Uzbek Traditional Dutar
Authors: Khandamian Victor , Khasanov Abdulaziz
Published: February 2022

Sample libraries are one of the most popular music technologies in the modern world for the recreation of instruments in the digital environment.Sample library development is a rapidly growing branch of music technology. This article examines the stages of creating a library of a traditional Uzbek dutar. Particular attention is paid to methods for achieving realistic instrument sound in the digital field.
Harmonic and Fret Features of "Tanovar" Processing by A. F. Kozlovsky and A. Nabiev
Authors: Rajabova Mashhura
Published: February 2022

In the modern musicology of our country, the issues of the modal structure of national music in its folk and classical branches are the most relevant. And they require a detailed study of the historical and theoretical aspects of fret thinking both in traditional classical and folk Uzbek music, and in the works of composers of our country. The article deals with some theoretical and historical aspects in the use of the means of musical expression of two composers of Uzbekistan: A. F. Kozlovsky and A. Nabiev. A brief comparative analysis of the stylistic features of orchestral and piano processing, its fret and harmonic organization, the sound representation of Uzbek folk instruments by means of a symphony orchestra and vocals, as well as in the piano texture – in two historical periods of the development of the composer's creativity of Uzbekistan is given.
Activity Of Classes Of Doira And Percussion Instruments At The State Conservatory Of Uzbekistan
Authors: Ikromov Ilhom
Published: February 2022

The class of doira and percussion instruments has been operating at the State Conservatory of Uzbekistan for many years. In this case, students are required not only to learn to play doira, but also to master the technique of playing percussion instruments. Today, Uzbek composers consider it necessary to include these instruments in the score of symphonic orchestras. The article describes the activities of the class of doira and percussion instruments at The State conservatory of Uzbekistan, modern requirements and tasks for young musicians and students alumni.
Cultural Heritage of Turkic-Speaking Peoples in World Collections: Historical Audio Recordings of The Berlin Phonogram Archive
Authors: Nurlybayeva Fatima
Published: February 2022

In the countries of the Turkic world, for more than 100 years of using sound recording devices, a huge amount of various sound materials on the traditional musical art of the Turkic peoples have been accumulated, recorded by scientists from different countries, in different regions and on different media. The first historical sound recordings of the Turkic-speaking peoples, which are of significant historical, cultural and scientific value, are kept separately in various foreign archives and have not received a complete and comprehensive study. This article provides a brief presentation of the unique historical audio materials of the music of the Turkic-speaking peoples, which were collected by German scholars at the beginning of the 20th century and are stored in the Berlin Phonogram Archive.
高膽紅素血症新生兒體重流失之相關因素探討
Authors: 邱秀玲 邱秀玲 , Hsiu-Ling Chiu 卓德松 , Teck-Siang Tok 蕭思美 , Szu-Mei Hsiao 楊燦
Published: February 2022

背景：體重流失是造成新生兒高膽紅素血症重要因素之一，自母嬰親善醫院提倡母奶哺餵，我們觀察到新 生兒因高膽紅素血症需再入院照光治療比例有增加趨勢，因此，了解高膽紅素血症新生兒體重流失 的相關因素極其重要

目的：探討高膽紅素血症新生兒體重流失之相關因素。

方法：研究收集2015年1月1日至2019年11月30日因高膽紅素血症再入院足月新生兒共285位進行回溯性病歷研究，以描述性統計分析、獨立樣本t檢定、單因子變異數分析、Mann-Whitney U及複迴歸進行資料分析。

結果： 新生兒高膽紅素血症再入院平均體重流失率為4.47% ± 4.22%。複迴歸分析結果顯示新生兒出生體重、再入院體重、總血清膽紅素值及純母乳哺餵等為新生兒體重流失率的預測因子。

 結論/實務運用：研究證實新生兒出生體重、再入院體重及總血清膽紅素值與體重流失率有相關性。臨床醫護 人員應於新生兒首次出院前確認是否有體重過度流失現象，早期檢測血清膽紅素值，教導父母出院後監測新生兒體重的變化，以避免新生兒因過度體重流失而導致高膽紅素血症再入院。

 

Background: Weight loss is one of major the factors in neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. Since Baby-Friendly initiatives promoted breastfeeding, we have observed an increase of neonates who need to be readmitted to the hospital for phototherapy due to hyperbilirubinemia. Therefore, it is very important to understand the related factors of weight loss in newborns with hyperbilirubinemia.
Purpose: To explore the relationships between neonatal hyperbilirubinemia and body weight loss.

 Methods: This retrospective study enrolled 285 full-term newborns who were readmitted within one month after birth due to hyperbilirubinemia during 1st January 2015 ad 30th November 2019. Data were analyzed by independent t-test, analysis of variance, Mann-Whitney U, and multiple regression.

Results: The average weight loss percentage of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia was 4.47% ± 4.22%. The results of multiple regression analysis showed that neonatal birth weight, readmission weight, total serum bilirubin and exclusive breastfeeding were the predictors of neonatal weight loss percentage.

Conclusions/Implications for Practice: The study confirmed that the birth weight, readmission weight and total serum bilirubin were correlated with weight loss percentage. Clinical healthcare providers should confirm whether there is excessive weight loss before of before the infant is discharged from the hospital. Early detection of serum bilirubin and teach the parents to monitor the change of the neonatal weight after discharged could avoid the neonatal hyperbilirubinemia due to excessive weight loss.

 
縮短心導管檢查前準備時間之改善專案
Authors: 蔡雪雅 蔡雪雅 , Hsueh-Ya Hsai 郭以葶 , Yi-Ting Kuo 王仁愛 , Jen-Ai Wang 詹依華 , Yi-Hua Chan 沈佳安 , Chia-An Shen 黃少凡 , Shao-Fan Hung 蔣慧燕 , Hui-Yen Chiang 柯雅芳
Published: February 2022

背景： 心導管檢查是診斷心血管疾病及治療最常見的方法，若心導管檢查前的準備時間延長，相對影響急性冠心症（ACS）病人行經皮冠狀動脈（PCI）治療的時效。

目的： 專案實施後，透過跨團隊的方式縮短心導管檢查前準備時間。

解決方案： 藉由調整照胸部X光檢查時機、錄製心導管檢查之衛教影片、調整填寫心導管檢查同意書時機、制定心導管檢查前準備事項查檢表等措施，進而縮短心導管檢查前準備之時間。

結果評值： 經方案改善後，心導管檢查前準備時間由84分49秒縮短為34分24秒。

結論： 統整住院病人檢查流程，不僅可有效縮短護理人員的準備時間，亦可提升專業的醫療品質，本專案透過醫護之間的合作，不但能有效的改善工作效率，更能獲得病人家屬對於醫護的讚許。

 

Background: Cardiac catheterization is the most common method to diagnose and to treat cardiovascular diseases. The preparation time for cardiac catheterization is crucial especially in performing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI) for Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS).

Purposes: This project attempts to find the factors that affecting the preparation time before cardiac catheterization through interprofessional collaborative.

Methods: By adjusting the time of CXR examination, time for consent signed and video of health case education, the preparation time before cardiac catheterization can be reduced to improve the care quality.

Results: After the designed procedure was properly performed, the preparation time before cardiac catheterization was reduced from 84 minutes and 49 seconds down to 34 minutes and 24 seconds by average.

Conclusions: By integrating the examination process of the inpatients, this defined procedure in this study significantly reduced the preparation time and effectively improved the care quality of cardiac catheterization. Trough the cooperation between medical and nursing staff, this project not only improve the quality of care but also received appreciations from patients and their families.

 
La psicosi e i disturbi psicotici nei bambini e negli adolescenti
Authors: Gamberini Giorgia , Secci Ilaria , Vitiello Benedetto
Published: February 2022

Psychosis can present a variety of symptoms such as hallucinations, delusions, catatonia, thought and speech disorganization, alogia, avolition and general functional decline. Transient psychotic symptoms are not uncommon during development and are not always indicative of psychopathology. Psychosis can be a manifestation of a schizophrenia spectrum disorder, or occur in the context of a mood disorder, such as major depression or bipolar mania. It can also be due to substance abuse or certain medical conditions, such as the NMDA encephalitis. Most cases of schizophrenia start between 15 and 25 years of age, while an onset under age 13 is rare. Schizophrenia tends to have an insidious onset with many months of subsyndromal and non-specific symptoms prior to the first openly psychotic episode. Repeated use of cannabis in youth increases the risk of psychosis, since the developing brain is especially sensitive to the psychoactive effects of tetrahydrocannabinol. As the duration of untreated psychosis predicts worse functional outcomes over time, a prompt recognition and early treatment of psychotic disorders has high clinical relevance. To this end, a close collaboration between paediatricians and child and adolescent neuropsychiatrists is crucial.
Una bambina con sanguinamento perineale ricorrente
Authors: Corona Federica , Trombetta Andrea , Barbi Egidio
Published: February 2022

A four-year old girl is evaluated for 8 recurrent episodes of perineal bleeding of undefined origin appeared six months before. Physical examination is normal except for a small anal fissure and a mild congestion of external haemorrhoids during Valsalva manoeuvre. Different diagnostic hypotheses and treatment options are discussed.
Effect of Color Doppler Indices on the Diagnosis of Intrauterine Growth Restriction in High-Risk Pregnancies: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Qayyum Hafsa , Shaikh Mehreen , Shahzad Maryam , Mehreen Sehrish , Irshad Rashida , Parchani Komal
Published: February 2022

Aim: To assess the effect of Color Doppler indices on intrauterine growth restriction diagnosis in high-risk pregnancies Study design: Across-sectional study Place and duration: This study was conducted at Al Shifa Hospital Quetta, Pakistan. from January 2020 to July 2020. Methodology: In this study, 100 patients with suspected intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) in their 31 to 41 weeks of pregnancy have participated. The patients were studied till the babies were delivered. The Doppler indices and the grayscale results were correlated to the baby's weight. Result: The HC/AC ratio was found to be sensitive (84.4%). Whereas the most specific was oligohydramnios and C/U ratio that was 100% and 68.8% respectively. The lowest sensitivity was of the fetal MCA, which was 7.7%. Conclusion: For the diagnosis of IUGR, the highest specific parameter is oligohydramnios and the HC/AC ratio is very sensitive. However, the MCA PI should not be utilized for screening purposes in IUGR because it has very low sensitivity alone. C/U ratio is notably more specific than HC/AC ratio and more sensitive than oligohydramnios. It is the most appropriate parameter to use for the diagnosis of IUGR in the 3rd trimester. Keywords: IUGR,Fetal Doppler, Placentation and IUGR, C/U pulsatility ratio, Small for gestational age
Kinematic Analysis of Performance of World Class Javelin Thrower
Authors: Sharma Biswajit , Mukhopadhyay Kishore
Published: February 2022

The purpose of the study. Charles Darwin’s concept of the struggle for existence is now converted into a struggle for excellence. The ancient spear and hunting in now converted popular athletic sporting events in the form of javelin throw. Science plays a major role in maximizing the javelin throw's horizontal distance. Tremendous research indicates the various kinematic parameters and their role in better performance. The present analytical study discusses the trends of research in javelin performance and their successful implementation in the actual sporting field. The purpose of the study is to compare the different research findings for better javelin performance on kinematic parameters and analysis of biomechanical parameters such as height, weight, BMI, and performance of the last ten  Olympic gold medals holders both male and female javelin throwers.
Materials and methods. The meta-analysis was done based on other researchers' research findings. The correlation matrix has been calculated on height, weight, BMI, and performance of ten male and ten female Olympic gold medalists in the javelin throw.
Results. The male and female throwers were positively correlated in height and weight and male throwers were negatively correlated in BMI and height.
Conclusions. Based on the findings of other researchers the meta-analysis on kinematic parameters was discussed and it indicated that javelin performance is related to the biomechanical aspect of sports and height and weight are positively related for the throwers.
Implementasi Mata Kuliah PAR (PARTICIPATORY ACTION RESEARCH) di TPQ AL-MAGFIROH Denpasar Bali
Authors: Soedjiwo Novena Ade Fredyarini
Published: February 2022

AbstrakSebagai tugas akhir mata kuliah PAR, mahasiswa melakukan penelitian langsung ke lapangan untuk mengimplementasikan keilmuan yang telah didapat terpada masyarakat. Mereka melakukan penelitian di TPQ AL-Magfiroh di Denpasar. Kondisi TPQ yang terletak di Mushola Al-Magfiroh telah berdiri sejak tahun 2019 dengan jumlah peserta didik 145 siswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan acuan teori Zuber dan pendekatan metode PAR, dengan tahapan observasi, pengumpulan data, monitoring/aksi, dan evaluasi. PAR bersifat transformatif dan memberdayakan komunitas lokus penelitian, sehingga menghasilkan program kerja, yaitu mengajar di TPQ tersebut dengan metode Yanbua dan bersama wali murid memberikan semangat pada siswa berupa buku dan alat tulis, padakegiatan kenaikan jilid. Evaluasi penelitian adalah menemukan kondisi kelas kurang kondusif dan kurangnya tenaga pengajar. Sebagai bahan tindaklanjut, mengkondisikan penambahan dan meningkatkan kualitas tenaga pengajar.
Abstract
As a final assignment for PAR subject, students have done conduct research directly into the field to implement the knowledge they have gained in the community. They conducted research at the AL-Magfiroh TPQ in Denpasar. The condition of TPQ which is located in Al- Magfiroh Mosque has been established since 2019 with 145 students. This research uses Zuber's theory reference and PAR method approach, with stages of observation, data collection, monitoring / action, and evaluation. PAR is transformative and empowers the research locus community, so that it produces a work program, which is teaching at the TPQ with the Yanbua method and together with the guardians of students encourages students in the form of books and stationery, on the activities of increasing volumes. The evaluation of the research is finding the condition of the class is less conducive and the lack of teaching staff. As follow-ups are material, condition the addition and increase the quality of the teaching staff.
Peran Orang Tua Dalam Menerapkan Pembelajaran Luring Selama Masa Pandemi Covid-19 pada Siswa Kelas IV SDI Waioti
Authors: Maria Sonya Kristiani
Published: February 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini Untuk mendeskripsikan peran dan kesulitan orang tua dalam menerapkan pembelajaran luring di rumah saat pandemik covid- 19 pada siswa kelas IV SDI Waioti. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif. penelitian kualitatif dimana peneliti sebagai instrumen kunci, teknik pengumpulan dengan triangulasi (gabungan), analisis bersifat induktif/kualitatif. Penelitian ini mendeskripsikan peran orang tua siswa kelas IV SDI Waioti dalam menerapkan pembelajaran luring selama masa pandemi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Peran orang tua sebagai pendidik, motivator, fasilitator dan pembimbing sangat penting bagi putra-putrinya di tengah kondisi seperti saat ini adanya covid-19. Mulai dari berkomunikasi dengan guru mengenai pembelajaran jarak jauh dari materi dan tugas yang diberikan untuk anak dirumah, membagi waktu untuk mengurus rumah dan mendampingi anak ketika sedang belajar.
Blog 1: Grant awarded, application shared
Authors: Noordegraaf Marina
Published: February 2022

This is the first blogpost about the COPIED studie, a patient-led investigation into obstacles in thinking in Parkinson's disease and the ways people themselves have found to circumvent them
Blog 6: De coronatwist
Authors: Noordegraaf Marina
Published: February 2022

15 december 2020: Blog over
wijzigingen in de opzet van de focusgroepen als gevolg van corona
Local authority provision of environmental planning guidelines for event management in Ireland
Authors: Hanrahan James , Maguire Kelly
Published: February 2022

This paper discusses the environmental impacts generated by hosting events. More specifically it focuses on the case study of assessing the provision of environmental planning guidelines by Local Authorities to manage the environmental impacts of events in Ireland. In order to determine which Local Authorities provided environmental planning guidelines, a quantitative methodology in the form of a content analysis approach was utilised to investigate every Local Authority in the Republic of Ireland. Analysis has revealed that few Local Authorities are providing planning guidelines for event management, which focus on environmental concerns. As such, the realization of the need to provide environmental planning guidelines to manage the environmental impacts of event management within Local Authorities has not been recognised nationwide. As a result the need for coherent guidelines and policies with sustainable indicators within Local Authorities is vital to further develop, grow and advance the event sector in Ireland. This paper concludes that while the low levels of environmental sustainability in Local Authorities for event management is worrying; it offers an opportunity to be improved by adopting and utilising best practice indicators in environmental policies and guidelines for event management.
The Pink Store: A unique tourism enterprise at the US-Mexico border
Authors: Cuevas Tomás , Blasco Dani , Timothy Dallen
Published: February 2022

This case study examines the unique situation of the Pink Store in Palomas, Chihuahua, Mexico, a small town and crossing point on the US-Mexico frontier. This case is unique and interesting because of how managers have recognised the value of the international border and capitalised on it as a positive experience for day-trippers from the United States. Consequently, they developed certain practices that have positioned the store as a well-recognised icon in the larger region, allowing them to take advantage of the border and the commercial opportunities it creates. The management actions are both product- and service-led, and marketing-oriented. As a result, the Pink Store represents a distinctive border attraction that is characterised as an all-inclusive attraction, exotic and foreign, yet secure and oriented to its major market: residents of the USA.
Weight of criteria in hotel selection: An empirical illustration based on TripAdvisor criteria
Authors: Zaman Mustafeed , Botti Laurent , Vo-Thanh Tan
Published: February 2022

The aim of this paper is to show how to calculate the weight of criteria that influences the decision making process of potential hotel guests. By taking into consideration the growing importance of electronic word-of-mouth and the popularity of hotel reviews websites, this research note exposes the framework to calculate the weight of the 6 TripAdvisor criteria by using the Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) – Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method. 250 tourists in Paris (France) have been interrogated in order to apply the AHP method and to illustrate how to determine the weight of 6 criteria: location, bed quality, comfort & equipment, service, value for money and, cleanliness. By doing so, this research note facilitates the understanding of AHP method and its application to the hotel sector. The empirical study proposes weight for each criterion by taking into consideration tourists’ point of view.
An insight into cultural heritage management of tourism destinations
Authors: Carbone Fabio
Published: February 2022

In this time of global changes, culture is considered the fourth pillar of sustainability, and intercultural dialogue and understanding is an increasingly important issue. Within this context, the preservation, management and cultural heritage enhancement is more than ever at the centre of international debates, as well as its alliance with tourism. Supranational guidelines address the effort of policymakers and operators, but how to guarantee the effective implementation of supranational guidelines at local level and for each monument and cultural area open to the public? In this context, Cultural Heritage Quality Management is an emerging topic, and this article aims to provide a milestone in its study by offering a detailed theoretical overview as a starting point for future empirical research in this area.
64 RESEARCH PAPER Sixty years of tourism higher education and research in Bulgaria
Authors: Vodenska Maria , Mileva-Bozhanova Sonia
Published: February 2022

During the last 60 years Bulgaria has steadily developed and improved its tourism industry. A lot has been done to educate the national workforce to be employed in tourism and hospitality in the country. The paper aims are: to follow the historical development of tourism and hospitality higher education in the country; to outline the present structure of this education with all specifics of the institutions involved in it; to make a comparative analysis of the ratings of these institutions; and to outline the main research topics of tourism and hospitality university lecturers. The results of the analysis show that tourism higher education in Bulgaria is evolving and growing in terms of institutions and also in terms of number of students. Tourism universities and colleges are quite evenly distributed across the country, and a good balance among tourism programs in the main tourism areas (economics, spatial and social tourism development, hospitality) has been achieved. There are many opportunities for research and PhD studies, and the number of libraries and access to international scientific publications and sources is quite sufficient.
Understanding the relation between serious surfing, surfing profile, surf travel behaviour and destination attributes preferences
Authors: Portugal Ana , Campos Francisco , Martins Fernando , Melo Ricardo
Published: February 2022

Surfing is a sporting activity that has become a major business, integrated in the leisure and tourism industries. Due to the impact of surf tourism and to the surfers’ characteristics featured by the time and effort they invest in surfing and their propensity to travel in search for the perfect wave, it is important to understand if the six serious leisure qualities (perseverance, career, effort, benefits, ethos and identity) are related with socio-demographic characteristics, surfing profile, surf travel behaviour and surfing destination attributes preferences. Aiming to achieve these goals, an online survey (in the form of a questionnaire) was applied to a casual sample of 200 surfers in Portugal. The results of this study demonstrate that surfers exhibit the six serious leisure qualities and have a strong disposition to travel for surfing. Moreover, the results highlight that surfers value mainly the surfing natural conditions when choosing a surfing travel destination. Statistical tests also allowed concluding that socio-demographic variables are not good predictors of serious surfing, although serious surfing is correlated with surfing profile, surf travel behaviour and surfing destination attributes preferences. This data enables to provide important information that can be used to strengthen management strategies by surf tourism industry providers.
Sports Spectators Tourism Reason When Attending Major Sporting Events: Euro Basket 2013, Koper, Slovenia
Authors: Lesjak Miha , Axelsson Eva , Mekinc Janez
Published: February 2022

Sport tourism includes both tourists who travel for the purpose of participating or observing competitive sports, and those active in leisure or adventure activities. This paper will examine the main reasons of sporting event spectators to visit Municipality of Koper, Slovenia through surveying those attending a major sporting event EuroBasket 2013. We have achieved this by gathering quantitative data via 326 questionnaires from international and domestic sport event tourism spectators who attended EuroBasket 2013 event in Municipality of Koper, Slovenia from 4th – 9th of September 2013. On the basis of the results of the survey it was found out that the reasons to visit the destination during the organization of EuroBasket 2013 are influenced by the country of residence of spectators and the age of respondents. The main results found from the study were that older tourist and those coming from non-neighbouring countries are more likely to visit the country organising a major event than younger tourists coming from neighbouring countries. The results of the research will somehow help regional and national tourism planners and event organizers when organizing future development of sporting events and the strategic planning of tourism products for different segments of sport event tourists in the region.
Analysing off-season tourist expenditure
Authors: Frleta Daniela
Published: February 2022

The majority of researches deal with the issue of micro-level expenditure in the high season, leaving off-season expenditure an under-researched topic. Moreover, the relationship between tourist satisfaction and expenditure has been also rarely explored. Thus, the aim of this study is to determine the factors that influence the off-season expenditure levels of light spenders and heavy spenders. Among the set of predictors, various dimensions of satisfaction were tested as possible off-season expenditure predictors. Descriptive analysis was used for sample profiling, independent t-tests were conducted to determine significant differences between light and heavy spenders in terms of their characteristics, and Principal Components Analysis (PCA) was applied to identify the dimensions of tourist satisfaction with the destination’s offering. In the end, multiple regression analyses were made to identify the expenditure determinants of light and heavy spenders. The main findings indicate that different predictors influence the daily off-season expenditure levels of light and heavy spenders. When it comes to light spenders, among the set of other significant predictors, it was found that those who are more satisfied with the cleanliness and preserved environment tend to spend more in the destination in comparison with those who are less satisfied with this dimension. In the case of heavy spenders, the results revealed that satisfaction with safety, quality and hospitality turned out to be a statistically significant predictor of their daily off-season expenditure.
Analyzing Destination Attributes Under Fuzzy Environment: A Case Study in Eskişehir
Authors: Bayer Ramazan , Karamaşa Çağlar
Published: February 2022

Given the understanding that destination attributes will often provide access to deep rooted knowledge repositories as well as offer historic facts, for a given tourist destination, it is vital to mention that there still is insufficient research being undertaken, conceptual or empirical, on the subject. Therefore, it is believed more research effort is required to further develop and increase knowledge on this subject matter. This study being carried out is in a bid to contribute towards the continued development of this body of knowledge and to also, increase domain expertise in this field. Within this study, there were two main objectives. First, was the ranking of Eskişehir’s - one of Turkey’s well-known cultural destinations - destination attributes in terms of its relative importance, by making use of tourism experts’ opinions. A fuzzy ranking methodology was adopted to help achieve this output for the study. Recognizing there are several fuzzy ranking approaches covered in our literature review, the choice made was to adopt the four most commonly used methodologies for the study. Hence, the second objective of this study was to test for statistically significant differences, between output results from all four fuzzy ranking methodologies adopted. This study is equally important because it contributes to the body of knowledge exploring the adoption and use of fuzzy ranking, in the evaluation of destination attributes. Consequently, results from this research will offer a guide to other researchers planning to apply fuzzy ranking to similar studies.
Are there economic benefits from marine protected areas? An analysis of scuba diver expenditure
Authors: Saayman Melville , Saayman Andrea
Published: February 2022

In 1998, the Italian authorities declared the marine area around the Peninsula of Portofino, Liguria, a Marine Protected Area (MPA) covering 13 km of coastline on the north-western coast of Italy. Thus, many feared decreased local tourism and resultant economic loss due to limitations on activities within the MPA. The MPA has, however, led to an increase in scuba in the area. This research evaluates the importance of scuba divers as a source of tourism and income for the local economies surrounding the Portofino MPA. Research indicates that spending is a better criterion for analysis than numbers of visitors to an attraction or area. Therefore, understanding spending behaviour is important in influencing the benefits derived from scuba diving tourism. While scuba diving is a popular activity worldwide and a drawcard for many destinations, little research analysing their spending behaviour is available. This research was conducted at the Portofino MPA, Italy, where more than 700 questionnaires were completed during June/July 2016 with the assistance of eight of approximately 20 diving operators in the area. The results provide dive operators and the destination marketing organisation with information on specific market segments and insight into the spending behaviour of divers.
The spatial distribution and relationship of tourist flow in Turkey
Authors: Khan Ashfaq
Published: February 2022

Tourism is considered as back bone of Turkish economy with its greater share in GDP than many other economic sectors of the country. Present research is sought to analyse the spatial association and distribution of foreign and domestic tourist inflows in 81 provinces of Turkey through exploratory spatial data analysis (ESDA) technique. ESDA is one of very useful Geographic Information System (GIS) based spatial statistics techniques to analyse spatial patterns, identification of hotspots and visualization of spatial association among variables. Analysis of global Moran’s I statistics results into a positive value that indicates presence of spatial autocorrelation among neighbouring provinces with high(low) number of both foreign and domestic tourist arrivals during years 2000-2016. This depicts positive and negative autocorrelation of places with geographical similarities and dissimilarities over the space. Moreover, Moran’s significance maps help indicating hotspot areas of high and low tourist arrivals where high clusters are found in western coastal areas and lower clusters are associated to eastern inland areas. Furthermore, Moran’s scatterplot analysis highlights the regional disparities within the country in terms of tourism development. This polarized spatial pattern of tourism is associated with differences in economic development and resource allocation between western and eastern provinces. This study is significant for policy makers by providing insights into spatial distribution of tourist flows for better resource allocation and management of hotspot areas. Besides, it also helps private sector and tour operators for economic utilization of tourist clusters and hotspots.
Preservation of environmental quality and tourist investments
Authors: Brida Juan , Carrera Edgar , Accinelli Elvio
Published: February 2022

We develop a theoretical model to analyze the incentives for hotel chains to make environmentally friendly investments. We show that the level of investment of hotel chains to improve the environmental quality of a tourist destination depends positively on two factors: tourist demand and the level of aggregate income. The framework is based on a model of horizontal differentiation à la Hotelling. By introducing a demand function for tourist commodities, we show that an increase in total income encourages hotel chains in the regions with higher demand to invest on environmental quality.
Gender and sustainable tourism:Women’s participation in the environmental decision-making process
Authors: Skanavis Constantina , Maria Sakellari Maria
Published: February 2022

Environmental education can positively influence attitudes and decision making in environmental protection and sustainable tourism development. Understanding gender differences in environmentalism and in citizen participant’s motivations, preferred participation process characteristics and process evaluation criteria is an important component of this. Women and men are involved differently in the construction and consumption of tourism. Women, for example, report stronger environmental attitudes and behaviours than men. This study examines the special role that women play in the development of sustainable tourism. Within this framework, the relationship between gender and tourism, the role of Environmental education in encouraging citizen participation, and women-environmentalism relationship is examined. Gender issues are a primary factor of tourism social science. One of the ways that Environmental Education can promote sustainable tourism is to understand the gender differences that exist in citizen participant’s motivations, preferred participation process characteristics and process evaluation criteria.
Exploring theming dimensions in a tourism context
Authors: Åstrøm Jonas
Published: February 2022

Theming is used to differentiate places and how they are experienced and is thereby a growing phenomenon within tourism and society at large. Although there is an increasing body of research that examines themed environments, there is a lack of empirical studies that explore the concept of theming and its dimensions in a tourism context. This study aims to contribute to the exploration of the concept of theming and its dimensions. Based on this aim, a qualitative study was undertaken. Half-structured interviews with 10 strategically selected key informants in various theming related fields were conducted over the course of one year. The findings reveal 10 dimensions that were significant for theming: (i) authenticity, (ii) chronotope, (iii) cohesion, (iv) digital technology, (v) immersion, (vi) interaction/co-creation, (vii) multisensory, (viii) novelty, (ix) relatability, and (x) storytelling/narrative. The contributions of this study are both theoretical and practical for tourism.
‘You have to try being a role model’ – Learning for sustainability among tourism entrepreneurs in a Swedish biosphere reserve
Authors: Hoppstadius Fredrik , Möller Cecilia
Published: February 2022

The pursuit for sustainability in biosphere reserve (BR) tourism entails the need not merely for tourism businesses to adapt to the changing environmental preferences of tourists but also for entrepreneurs to gain new knowledge about sustainability. Our study illustrates how place is central to grasp the processes of learning for sustainability. Drawing on qualitative interviews, we examine place-specific and social learning processes for sustainability among small-scale tourism entrepreneurs in a Swedish BR. The findings are discussed using an analytic framework, based on themes of place-specific learning emerging from the interviews. Learning for sustainability among tourism entrepreneurs entails an emphasis on both social and spatial processes. Our findings show how the small-scale tourism entrepreneurs engage in learning through their interactions with tourists at their tourism establishments, through networking with other tourism businesses and regional stakeholders, through engaging with local resources and cultural norms of the BR, and through their experiences and practices connected to their everyday lives and the private sphere.
Measuring the economic impact of tourism in Malta using the Tourism Satellite Account
Authors: Sacco Brandon , Cassar Ian
Published: February 2022

This article puts forward an analysis of the first Tourism Satellite Account compiled for the Maltese economy. The resulting Tourism Satellite Account (TSA) compiled for Malta adheres to the European System of Accounts (2010) and is based on the reference year of 2010. It reveals that tourism’s direct contribution to Malta’s GDP is around 6.1% and that the tourism sector directly employs 8.0% of the total population of gainfully occupied persons (employed or self-employed). Both the symmetrical approach and a variant of the net ratio approach are utilised to derive the tourism value added and tourism gross domestic product. The contribution of tourism to the local economy during 2010 is on par with that of what are generally considered to be the key sectors in Malta, however, the direct contribution to GDP is significantly lower than the estimates presented from past studies. The results presented in the article can be of significant use to further understand the various dimensions of both tourism demand and the tourism supply chain.
Brand Value Attributable to Affiliation (BVAA) – a Method for Measurement in a Consortium Context
Authors: Carlbäck Mats
Published: February 2022

Hotel affiliation is a debated issue in the hospitality industry. The question is primarily if it adds any financial advantages, and secondly to what extent an intangible asset value is created. Intangibles are per definition difficult both to define and to calculate and the aim with this article is to develop a method, based on earlier studies, to facilitate calculations in a consortium context. This is the least researched affiliation format, but at the same time the preferred option for independent hotel owners seeking strategic advantages for the future.By identifying the contribution associated with an affiliation as well as incremental costs and including the investment for adapting the property in accordance with the stipulated standards for the affiliation, a method to compute the brand value attributable to affiliation (BVAA) is developed. This study, by using a constructive approach, produces an indicative valuation method (the BVAA calculation method) usable both to assess the financial effect of the brand value associated with a specific brand and for separating intangibles (in this case the BVAA) from the market value.
Knowledge Sharing in Strategic Alliance Relationships: An Empirical Research on Hotels in Turkey
Authors: Toylan Nilüfer , Semerciöz Fatih , Hassan Masood
Published: February 2022

The study aims to investigate the influence of inter-organizational knowledge sharing enablers-communication, trust, shared vision, commitment, learning intent, and absorptive capacity directly and indirectly through interorganizational knowledge sharing process on behavioural innovation outcome in strategic alliances of 4- & 5-stars hotels of world heritage cities of Istanbul and Antalya. For data collection, the quota sampling method is applied to select the 250 senior hotel executives engaged in collaborative strategic hospitality alliances. Besides, to test the hypotheses, descriptive, correlation as well as regression analyses are performed through the SPSS. The current study finds that the six facets of relational and social capital inter-organizational knowledge sharingenablers offered and examined have significant impacts, directly and indirectly through inter-organizational knowledge sharing process on the innovative behavioural outcome of hospitality alliance firms. The results imply that the hospitality industry in its policy agenda should recognize that relational and social capital-based knowledge sharing strategic alliances can be a vital source of collaborative innovation. Finally, the current research also provides the empirical recognition of historic cities of Turkey as cultural destinations, so emphasizing the appropriateness of world heritage cities to investigate inter-firm relationships across hospitality alliance firms.
Domestic Volunteer Tourism Demand in Slovakia
Authors: Pompurová Kristína , Sokolová Jana , Cole David
Published: February 2022

The aim is to explore and evaluate the aggregate demand of the Slovak population for domestic volunteer tourism. The answers from 573 questionnaire respondents older than 15 years, selected by convenient sampling, were processed establishing a representative image of the Slovak population in terms of age and gender. The findings show an average 3-4% of the population participating in domestic volunteer tourism in Slovakia per year. While participation declines with age, it increases with higher education. The research confirmed that the volunteer tourism could be perceived as a combination of travel and volunteering not only in developing countries, but also in developed ones. It was also found that domestic volunteer tourism in Slovakia partly copies the development of volunteer tourism abroad and has the potential to grow. The demand of Slovak residents for domestic volunteer tourism is significant, and therefore, it is necessary to properly respond with consistent coordination of supply.
Business tourism spending in Eurozone countries: Detecting for convergence trends
Authors: Ekonomou George , Kallioras Dimitris
Published: February 2022

The paper detects for convergence trends in terms of per capita business tourism spending among the Eurozone countries. The paper employs the methodological approach of gaps’ convergence clubs, and covers the period 2001-2018. The findings point to clear trends of convergence, indicating that business tourism seems to alleviate spatial externalities in the Eurozone economic space. This calls for a set of well-targeted and carefully-designed policy interventions focusing on promoting – and reaping the benefits of – business tourism.
Båstnäs car graveyard: A place that seems to live in its own “time and space bubble”
Authors: Blom Thomas , Nilsson Mats
Published: February 2022

The article serves to highlight the growing trend to visit abandoned places, presently existing without purpose and external actor, but with remnants of previous activity which was ongoing for a limited time. There is a research gap regarding abandoned places which have fallen into oblivion and which have therefore become a tourist attraction. It is therefore important to discuss how non-planned tourist places are expressed and challenged in the process of gradually ceasing to exist. The aim of this article is to discuss how former activity in rural places expected to disappear can develop from being a problem to becoming a tourist attraction, without a clear producer perspective driving the process. Our overall focus is to highlight visitors' experience of place that involves a transition from the expected disappearance to a "legal", non-planned attraction with a preservation tourist value. The article is based on qualitative interviews with key individuals because they were expected to be able to summarise and represent various perspectives. The article concludes that this form of tourism represents a substantial deviation from the traditional relationships that constitute the tourism industry but is perceived to have a potential in the tourism industry.
The viability of the travel and tourism competitiveness index as a reliable measure of destination competitiveness: the case of the Mediterranean region
Authors: Kunst Ivo , Ivandić Neven
Published: February 2022

The Travel and Tourism Competitiveness Index (T&TCI) seems to be the most used measure of a destination’s competitiveness, even though the methodology underlying its calculation is characterized by numerous shortcomings. The viability of T&TCI as a reliable measure of a country’s competitive capability should stem from its ability to explain and/or predict the performance-related consequences of tourism activity within a destination. To check whether the T&TCI can do that, a model has been constructed and tested on a sample of Mediterranean countries for the 2007 – 2017 period. The analysis revealed that the change in the T&TCI score often does not relate to a change in the performance-related indicators of tourism activity selected. Hence, the T&TCI should not be regarded as a reliable measure of a destination’s competitiveness.