bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Wound healing after implant surgery in HIV-positive patients
Authors: Harrison W. J. , Lewis C. P. , Lavy C. B. D.
Published: February 2018

We performed a prospective, blind, controlled study on wound infection after implant surgery involving 41 procedures in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and 141 in HIV-negative patients. The patients were staged clinically and the CD4 cell count determined. Wound infection was assessed using the asepsis wound score. A risk category was allocated to account for presurgical contamination.

In HIV-positive patients, with no preoperative contamination, the incidence of wound infection (3.5%) was comparable with that of the HIV-negative group (5%; p = 0.396). The CD4 cell count did not affect the incidence of infection (r = 0.16). When there was preoperative contamination, the incidence of infection in HIV-positive patients increased markedly (42%) compared with that in HIV-negative patients (11%; p = 0.084).

Our results show that when no contamination has occurred implant surgery may be undertaken safely in HIV-positive patients.
Tourniquet-induced restriction of the quadriceps muscle mechanism
Authors: Herald J. , Cooper L. , Machart F.
Published: February 2018

Many knee surgeons flex the knee and sometimes also extend the hip before inflating a tourniquet on the thigh. This practice stems from the belief that these manoeuvres prevent excessive strain on the quadriceps during surgery, the assumption being that movement of the muscle is restricted by an inflated tourniquet. We therefore examined, using ultrasound, the movement of the quadriceps muscle above and below the tourniquet before and after inflation.

We applied a tourniquet of standard size to the thigh of five volunteers for approximately five minutes. A bubble of air was injected into the quadriceps muscle above the tourniquet and was the proximal point of reference. The musculotendinous junction was the distal point. The movement of the reference point was measured by ultrasound before and after inflation of the tourniquet. Each measurement was repeated with either the knee flexed and the hip extended, or the hip flexed and the knee extended. The mean and standard deviation were recorded.

Before inflation the mean amount of passive movement was 1.1 ± 0.13 cm proximal and 4.0 ± 0.08 cm distal to the tourniquet, with a range of movement of the knee of 0° to 137° (6.7°). After inflation the mean passive movement was 1.0 ± 0.07 cm proximal and 4.0 ± 0.08 cm distal to the tourniquet with a range of 0° to 132° (± 7.6°).

The ultrasound findings therefore have shown no evidence of restriction of the quadriceps muscle by an inflated tourniquet.
AN UNUSUAL CASE OF A POSTOPERATIVE BONE CYST
Authors: Tindall A. J. , Shetty A. A. , Rand C.
Published: February 2018

We describe an unusual case of a postoperative bone cyst resulting from a retained fragment of surgical glove. We highlight some of the problems associated with gloves and suggest ways of safeguarding against similar complications.
Correction of hammer toe with an extended release of the metatarsophalangeal joint
Authors: Dhukaram V. , Hossain S. , Sampath J. , Barrie J. L.
Published: February 2018

Between March 1995 and January 2000 we reviewed retrospectively 84 patients with hammer-toe deformity (99 feet; 179 toes) who had undergone metatarsophalangeal soft-tissue release and proximal interphalangeal arthroplasty. The median follow-up was 28 months. Patients were assessed by the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society Scores (AOFAS) and reviewed by independent assessors.

The median AOFAS score was 83, with 87% of patients having a score of more than 60 points; 83% were satisfied and 17% were dissatisfied with the procedure. Pain at the metatarsophalangeal joint was the commonest cause of dissatisfaction, with 14% having moderate or severe pain. Only 2.5% had instability and 9% had formation of callus.

There was no statistical difference for the age and gender of the patients, the number of toes operated on, associated surgery for hallux valgus or length of follow-up. Our study was based on an anatomical model and shows good results with no recurrence of deformity.
Pain related to the psoas muscle after total hip replacement
Authors: Jasani V. , Richards P. , Wynn-Jones C.
Published: February 2018

Residual pain after total hip due to a number of causes both local to and replacement may be distant from the hip. We describe pain related to the psoas muscle after total hip replacement in nine patients. All presented with characteristic symptoms. We describe the key features and management. Gratifying results were achieved with treatment. This diagnosis should be considered when assessing patients with pain after total hip replacement.
Reconstruction of the proximal humerus after wide resection of tumours
Authors: Rödl R. W. , Gosheger G. , Gebert C. , Lindner N. , Ozaki T. , Winkelmann W.
Published: February 2018

In 45 patients we assessed the functional results and complications for three different reconstructive procedures after resection of primary tumors of the proximal humerus. An osteoarticular allograft was used in 11, a clavicula pro humero operation in 15 and a tumour prosthesis in 19. The glenoid was resected with the proximal humerus in 25 patients. The axillary nerve was resected in 42 patients.

The complication rate was lowest after reconstruction with a tumour prosthesis. The clavicula pro humero operation resulted in the most revisions. Cumulative survival rates for all the reconstructive procedures were similar.

At follow-up at two years the functional results for the three reconstructive procedures were the same with a mean functional rating of 79% (Musculoskeletal Tumor Society). Excision of the glenoid had no influence on the functional result.

Our findings indicate that the use of a tumour prosthesis is the most reliable limb-salvage procedure for the proximal humerus. The clavicula pro humero is an appropriate procedure if a prosthesis cannot be used.
The classification of congenital talipes equinovarus
Authors: Wainwright A. M. , Auld T. , Benson M. K. , Theologis T. N.
Published: February 2018

We have assessed the reliability of four classification systems for club foot. Four observers evaluated nine children (18 feet) at different stages in the first six months of life, a total of 180 examinations. Each observer independently assessed all feet according to the classification systems described by Catterall, Diméglio et al, Harrold and Walker, and Ponseti and Smoley.

The variation between observers was assessed using the kappa test which for no more agreement than chance has a value of 0, and for complete agreement between observers a value of 1. The kappa values varied between 0.14 and 0.77 depending on which classification system was used. The system of Diméglio et al was found to have the greatest reliability.

Our findings suggest that current classification systems for the analysis of congenital talipes equinovarus are not entirely satisfactory.
Juvenile bone-marrow oedema of the acetabulum treated by iloprost
Authors: Aigner N. , Petje G. , Schneider W. , Krasny C. , Grill F. , Landsiedl F.
Published: February 2018

The bone-marrow oedema syndrome is associated with local vascular disturbances and may be treated either conservatively or by core decompression after which recovery may take several weeks. We describe a 15-year-old girl with bone-marrow oedema of the left acetabulum which was confirmed by MRI. She presented with a four-week history of severe constant pain. Routine blood tests and plain radiographs were normal. She was treated with intravenous infusions of iloprost on five consecutive days (20 μg administered in 500 ml of sodium chloride). Iloprost causes vasodilatation with reduction of capillary permeability and it inhibits platelet aggregation. She had relief from pain at rest after three days of treatment and was completely free from symptoms after two weeks. MRI after six weeks showed almost complete resolution of the marrow oedema and was normal after four months. This is the first report of the pharmacological treatment of the bone-marrow oedema syndrome in children.
Anatomical study of the carpal attachment of the triangular fibrocartilage complex
Authors: Nishikawa S. , Toh S.
Published: February 2018

There have been few descriptions of the site of attachment onto the triquetrum, the so-called meniscal homologue, of the triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC). We have investigated the sites of attachment onto the triquetrum of 87 TFCCs collected from embalmed cadavers.

All TFCCs were smoothly attached to the triquetrum. In 79 (46 cases, 90%) they were attached to the triquetrum and fifth metacarpal bone, and in eight (5 cases, 10%) they were attached widely on the articular surface of the triquetrum.

It is necessary to have accurate positional information about the normal triquetrum and TFCC in order to perform arthroscopy. The meniscal homologue attached to the triquetrum is smooth in almost all cases. In about 10% of joints the TFCC is attached to the lunotriquetral ligament, either partly or completely obscuring the articular surface of the triquetrum.
Lateral unicompartmental knee replacement
Authors: Ashraf T. , Newman J. H. , Evans R. L. , Ackroyd C. E.
Published: February 2018

We describe 88 knees (79 patients) with lateral unicompartmental osteoarthritis which had been treated by the St Georg Sled prosthesis.

At a mean follow-up of nine years (2 to 21) 15 knees had revision surgery, nine for progression of arthritis, six for loosening, four for breakage of a component and four for more than one reason. Six patients complained of moderate or severe pain at the final follow-up. Only five knees were lost to follow-up in the 21-year period.

We performed survivorship analysis on the group using revision for any cause as the endpoint. At ten years the cumulative survival rate was 83%, and at 15 years, when ten knees were still at risk, it was 74%.

Based on our clinical results and survival rate the St Georg Sled may be considered to be a suitable unicompartmental replacement for isolated lateral compartment osteoarthritis.
Lateral femoral sliding osteotomy
Authors: Brilhault J. , Lautman S. , Favard L. , Burdin P.
Published: February 2018

We treated 13 patients who had a fixed valgus deformity of the knee with a semiconstrained total knee arthroplasty combined with advancement of the lateral collateral ligament by means of a lateral femoral condylar sliding osteotomy. At follow-up of between one and 6.5 years all patients were assessed using the Knee Society score. The mean knee score improved from 32 to 88 and the functional score from 45 to 73. The mean tibiofemoral angle was corrected from 191° to 180°. There was no postoperative tibiofemoral or patellar instability and, in most knees, distal transposition of the lateral femoral condyle achieved satisfactory stable alignment.
Hemiarthroplasty versus internal fixation for displaced intracapsular hip fractures in the elderly
Authors: Parker M. J. , Khan R. J. K. , Crawford J. , Pryor G. A.
Published: February 2018

A total of 455 patients aged over 70 years with a displaced intracapsular fracture of the proximal femur was randomised to be treated either by hemiarthroplasty or internal fixation. The preoperative characteristics of the patients in both groups were similar.

Internal fixation has a shorter length of anaesthesia (36 minutes versus 57 minutes, p < 0.0001), lower operative blood loss (28 ml versus 177 ml, p < 0.0001) and lower transfusion requirements (0.04 units versus 0.39 units, p < 0.0001). In the internal fixation group 90 patients required 111 additional surgical procedures while only 15 additional operations on the hip were needed in 12 patients in the arthroplasty group. There was no statistically significant difference in mortality between the groups at one year (61/226 versus 63/229, p = 0.91), but there was a tendency for an improved survival in the older less mobile patients treated by internal fixation. For the survivors assessed at one, two and three years from injury there were no differences with regard to the outcome for pain and mobility. Limb shortening was more common after internal fixation (7.0 mm versus 3.6 mm, p = 0.004).

We recommend that displaced intracapsular fractures in the elderly should generally be treated by arthroplasty but that internal fixation may be appropriate for those who are very frail.
Heterotopic ossification prophylaxis with indomethacin increases the risk of long-bone nonunion
Authors: Burd T. A. , Hughes M. S. , Anglen J. O.
Published: February 2018

Indomethacin is commonly administered for the prophylaxis of heterotopic ossification (HO) after the surgical treatment of acetabular fractures. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as indomethacin, have been associated with delayed healing of fractures and mechanically weaker callus. Our aim was to determine if patients with an acetabular fracture, who received indomethacin for prophylaxis against HO, were at risk of delayed healing or nonunion of any associated fractures of long bones.

We reviewed 282 patients who had had open reduction and internal fixation of an acetabular fracture. Patients at risk of HO were randomised to receive either radiation therapy (XRT) or indomethacin. Of these patients, 112 had sustained at least one concomitant fracture of a long bone; 36 needed no prophylaxis, 38 received focal radiation and 38 received indomethacin. Fifteen patients developed 16 nonunions. When comparing patients who received indomethacin with those who did not, a significant difference was noted in the rate of nonunion (26% v 7%; p = 0.004).

Patients with concurrent fractures of the acetabulum and long bones who receive indomethacin have a significantly greater risk of nonunion of the fractures of the long bones when compared with those who receive XRT or no prophylaxis.
Ligament repair and reconstruction in traumatic dislocation of the knee
Authors: Liow R. Y. L. , McNicholas M. J. , Keating J. F. , Nutton R. W.
Published: February 2018

We treated 21 patients with 22 dislocations of the knee by repair or reconstruction of all injured ligaments. Eight knees were treated in the acute phase (less than two weeks after injury); the remainder were treated more than six months after injury (6 to 72). Reconstructions were carried out with a combination of autograft and allograft tendons and by direct ligament repair where possible. At a mean follow-up of 32 months (11 to 77) the mean Lysholm score was 87 (81 to 91) in the acute group and 75 (53 to 100) in the delayed group. The mean Tegner activity rating was 5 in the acute group and 4.4 in the delayed group.

The International Knee Documentation Committee assessment revealed no differences between the two groups. Instrumented testing of knee stability indicated better results for anterior cruciate ligament reconstructions which had been undertaken in the acute phase, but no difference in the outcome of posterior cruciate ligament reconstructions. There was no difference in the loss of knee movement between the two groups. Although the differences were small, the outcome in terms of overall knee function, activity levels and anterior tibial translation were better in those knees which had been reconstructed within two weeks of injury.
Autologous transfusion in acetabuloplasty in children
Authors: Nicolai P. , Leggetter P. P. , Glithero P. R. , Bhimarasetty C. R.
Published: February 2018

There were 22 patients with cerebral palsy aged six to 17 years who underwent an acetabuloplasty as part of an open reduction of the hip. In 11 patients a paediatric cell saver was used to collect autologous blood which was re-infused per-operatively. This group was compared to a cohort of 11 patients undergoing similar operations in whom only banked homologous blood was transfused.

On average, 432 ml of autologous blood was re-infused compared to 909 ml of homologous blood (p < 0.01), representing 19.6% and 47% of the total blood volume, respectively (p < 0.002). Two units of homologous blood were transfused in the cell saver group compared with 20 units in the control group (p < 0.001). When using a paediatric cell saver, homologous blood transfusion was avoided in 82% of patients and there were no complications.
Correlation of nerve root pain with dermatomal sensory threshold and back pain with spinal movement in single level lumbar spondylosis
Authors: Quraishi N.A , Taherzadeh O. , McGregor A. H. , Hughes S. P. F. , Anand P.
Published: February 2018

We studied 27 patients with low back pain and unilateral L5 or S1 spinal nerve root pain. Significant radiological changes were restricted to the symptomatic root level, when compared with controls. Low back and leg pain were graded on a visual analogue scale. Dermatomal quantitative sensory tests revealed significant elevations of warm, cool and touch perception thresholds in the affected dermatome, compared with controls. These elevations correlated with root pain (warm v L5 root pain; r = 0.88, p < 0.0001), but not with back pain. Low back pain correlated with restriction of anteroposterior spinal flexion (p = 0.02), but not with leg pain.

A subset of 16 patients underwent decompressive surgery with improvement of pain scores, sensory thresholds and spinal mobility. A further 14 patients with back pain, multilevel nerve root symptoms and radiological changes were also studied. The only correlation found was of low back pain with spinal movement (p < 0.002). We conclude that, in patients with single level disease, dermatomal sensory threshold elevation and restriction of spinal movement are independent correlates of sciatica and low back pain.
Predictive value of the duration of sciatica for lumbar discectomy
Authors: Ng L. C. L. , Sell P.
Published: February 2018

The optimum timing of lumbar discectomy for sciatica is imprecise. We have investigated a number of prognostic factors in relation to the outcome of radiculopathy after lumbar discectomy. We recruited 113 consecutive patients of whom 103 (91%) were followed up at one year. We found a significant association between the duration of radiculopathy and the changes in the Oswestry Disability Index score (p = 0.005) and the low back outcome score (p = 0.03). Improvement in pain was independent of all variables. Patients with an uncontained herniated disc had a shorter duration of symptoms and a better functional outcome than those with a contained herniation.

Our study suggests that patients with sciatica for more than 12 months have a less favourable outcome. We detected no variation in the results for patients operated on in whom the duration of sciatica was less than 12 months.
The prevention of traditional bone setter’s gangrene
Authors: Eshete M.
Published: February 2018

A two-year retrospective survey in southern Ethiopia revealed that 49 amputations had been performed, 25 of which were for gangrene following tight splintage applied by traditional bone setters. The aim of this study was to determine if it was possible to reduce this incidence of gangrene by offering one-day instructional courses to bone setters. In ten separate one-day courses 112 tradition healers attended. In addition, two-day courses were given to local health assistants, who also received written instructions for the safe care of fractures. A two-year prospective study revealed a marked reduction in amputations, from 49 to 25, with only seven rather than 25 being required for gangrene.

We found that it is possible to educate traditional healers so that fewer gangrenous limbs require to be amputated.
Intraneural metastasis of a synovial sarcoma to a peripheral nerve
Authors: Matsumine A. , Kusuzaki K. , Hirata H. , Fukutome K. , Maeda M. , Uchida A.
Published: February 2018

We describe a case of intraneural metastasis of a synovial sarcoma, the first published case of a metastasis of a soft-tissue sarcoma to a peripheral nerve.
Impingement around the hip: beyond cam and pincer
Authors: Bech Niels Hendrik , Haverkamp Daniel
Published: February 2018

In this review, we bring to the attention of the reader three relatively unknown types of hip impingement. We explain the concept of low anterior inferior iliac spine (AIIS) impingement, also known as sub-spine impingement, ischio-femoral impingement (IFI) and pelvi-trochanteric impingement. For each type of impingement, we performed a search of relevant literature. We searched the PubMed, Medline (Ovid) and Embase databases from 1960 to March 2016. For each different type of impingement, a different search strategy was conducted. In total, 19 studies were included and described. No data analysis was performed since there was not much comparable data between studies. An overview of symptoms, clinical tests and possible surgical treatment options for the three different types of extra-articular impingement is provided. Several disorders around the hip can cause similar complaints. Therefore, we plead for a standardized classification. In young and athletic patients, in particular, there is much to gain if hip impingement is diagnosed early.

Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2018;3:30-38. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.3.160068
The impact of management consultants on public service efficiency
Authors: Kirkpatrick Ian , Sturdy Andrew J , Alvarado Nuria Reguera , Blanco-Oliver Antonio , Veronesi Gianluca
Published: February 2018

Public sector organisations often make use of management consultants in policy implementation, but we know little about the outcomes. The paper reports one of the first quantitative evaluations of the impact of consulting advice on efficiency of public sector organisations. We employ an extensive dataset covering English NHS acute care hospital trusts over a four-year period. Based on PCSEs estimations, the findings show a significantly positive relationship between consulting expenditure and organisational inefficiency. These results lend support to critical accounts of management consulting, highlighting the need for organisations to be circumspect in deciding whether and how to use these services.
An overview of education in national socialist period in Germany
Almanya’da nasyonal sosyalizm döneminde eğitime genel bir bakış
Authors: Karasoy Murad
Published: February 2018

The National Socialist German Workers’ Party (Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei) came into power with democratic procedures between the years of 1933-1945, shaped the educational system in the framework of fascist ideology. In that period, because the schools were regarded as the main venues of creating a German Nationalist Society, the physical structure of schools, curricula, teachers’ education, management and supervision of educational tools and equipment were designed pursuant to the Nazi ideology. Germany has prominently separated from the countries of France, England and Turkey which shape their education system with democratic ideals with coming Hitler into power. The purpose of this study is to investigate the educational system during National Socialism in Germany. In the light of the literature survey conducted for this purpose, it has been revealed how National Socialist German Workers’ Party, primarily Hitler as the leader of the party and the Nazi ideologues, organize pre-school education, primary education and secondary schools according to the Nazi ideology to establish a German Nationalist Society. This period could be a stunning example to show how the education system is structured in the framework of a definite ideology. This study, which examines the education system without anachronism, is thought to provide important contributions to the educational sciences literature.Extended English summary is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file. Özet1933-1945 yılları arasında, demokratik yollarda iktidara gelen Nasyonal Sosyalist Alman İşçi Partisi, eğitim sistemini faşist ideoloji çerçevesinde biçimlendirmiştir. Bu dönemde eğitim kurumları, nasyonalist Alman toplumu oluşturmanın ana mekânları olarak kabul edilerek okulların fiziksel yapısı, müfredat programları, öğretmen eğitimi, eğitim araç-gereçleri, yönetimi ve denetimi Nazi ideolojisine göre dizayn edilmiştir. Almanya, Hitler’in iktidara gelmesi ile beraber Fransa, İngiltere ve Türkiye gibi eğitim-öğretimini demokratik idealler doğrultusunda şekillendiren devletlerden belirgin bir şekilde ayrılmaya başlamıştır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Almanya’da Nasyonal sosyalizm döneminde eğitim sisteminin incelenmesidir. Bu amaçla yapılan literatür taraması ışığında Nasyonal Sosyalist İşçi Partisi ve başta bu partinin lideri Hitler ile Nazi ideologlarının, nasyonal sosyalist Alman toplumunun inşa edilmesinde okul öncesi eğitim, ilköğretim, ortaöğretim ve yükseköğretim kademelerinin Nazi ideolojisi çerçevesinde nasıl biçimlendirildiği ortaya konulmuştur. Okulların belli bir ideoloji etrafında yapılandırılmasına çarpıcı bir örnek oluşturan bu dönemde eğitim sisteminin anakronizme düşülmeden irdelendiği bu çalışmanın, eğitim bilimleri literatürüne önemli katkılar sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.
Identification of water conservative tree species with high economic value around “Sendang Kalimah Toyyibah”
Authors: Wiryani Erry , Anggoro Sutrisno , Mulyani Sri
Published: February 2018

Spring conservation require serious concern on the economic advantages for the society. Without economic advantages achieved from the conservation activities, the conservation programme should face intense conflict of land utilization. Plantation of economically valuable conservative plant species is one of the proposed solution to overcome the problem. This research aimed to identify the economic value of conservative plant species found in “Sendang Kalimah Toyyibah” surrounding. Research was conducted through field observation involving 4 line transects and 4 square transects at each line with transect size of 20 m x 20 m. Plant identification was conducted for tree strata. Data analysis was including diversity, evenness and importance index of respective plants. Economic valuation was conducted through literature study. The result showed there were 28 plants species availabile in “Sendang Kalimah Toyyibah” surrounding. Among the plant species 22 of the had been identified to provide conservative function, while 6 of them weren’t including Banana, Papaya, Melinjo, Pangi, Longan and Stink Bean. Instead of providing conservative function, most plants also provide economic advantages including wood, fruit, flower, bud, leaf, fibre, sugar, peel and bean products while only 3 of them were not identified including Banyan, Manila Tamarind and Amboyna Wood. Plantation of economically valuable conservative plant species is recommended to support the conservation of the spring as well as to provide economic advantage for the society. Keywords: conservation, economic, plant, “Sendang Kalimah Toyyibah”, spring
Distribusi dan Keanekaragaman Zooplankton di Waduk Jatibarang Kodya Semarang
Authors: Hariyati Riche
Published: February 2018

Jatibarang Reservoir is a dam built in Talun Kacang village, Kandri, Gunung Pati, Semarang t with the aim of Water Resources Management and flood control in Semarang City. The presence of Zooplankton in a waters has a close relationship with water quality and its interaction in the environment.The research aimed to find out the distribution and diversity of Zooplankton species in Jatibarang reservoir waters. The method used is Purposive Random Sampling method by dividing the sampling point into 4 research stations, namely Dermaga zone, middle zone, inlet zone, and outlet zone. From the result of this research, we get the type of zooplankton Brachionus sp., Cylops sp., Collotecha sp., Conochilus sp., Daphnia sp., Harringia sp., Rotaria sp., Keratella sp. and species from the Asphlanchnidae (Asphlanchinii) and Trichotriidae Family. The species diversity in Jatibarang reservoirs in each zone is low with abundance between 30-80 ind / L and the equalization and dominance of each low species. The dominant species is Brachionus sp. and Cyclops sp.  Water quality measurement results show the waters of Jatibarang reservoir is good for the life of aquatic biota Keywords: Zooplankton, Jatibarang Reservoir, Diversity.
HUBUNGAN TEKSTUR SEDIMEN DENGAN KANDUNGAN BAHAN ORGANIK DAN KELIMPAHAN MAKROZOOBENTHOS DI MUARA SUNGAI BANJIR KANAL TIMUR SEMARANG The Relation of Sediment Texture to Organic Matter and Macrozoobenthos Abundance in the Estuarine of Banjir Kanal Timur River
Authors: Putri Angelia Maharani Setya , Suryanti Suryanti , Widyorini Niniek
Published: February 2018

ABSTRAK Tekstur sedimen terdiri atas fraksi pasir (sand), lumpur (silt), dan liat (clay). Sedimen atau substrat dasar yang terus menerus menumpuk serta adanya bawaan nutrien dari mahluk hidup maupun limbah akan membentuk kandungan bahan organik. Kandungan nutrien digunakan oleh makrozoobenthos sebagai salah satu kebutuhan pakan untuk kelangsungan hidup makrozoobenthos. Selain itu, makrozoobenthos ditemukan hidup dalam sedimen. Jenis tekstur sedimen serta kandungan fraksi mempengaruhi kelimpahan makrozoobenthos itu sendiri. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui jenis tekstur sedimen, kandungan bahan organik, kelimpahan makrozoobenthos, dan hubungan ketiga variabel. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif. Jenis tekstur pada setiap stasiun didominasi oleh lempung. Jenis makrozoobenthos yang didapatkan berasal dari famili Ciratulidae, Nephtydae, Nereidae, Tubificidae dan Arcidae. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa hubungan antara ketiga variabel yang diamati adalah semakin besar persentase lempung, maka diikuti pula oleh kandungan bahan organik dan melimpahnya makrozoobenthos. Kata kunci: Tekstur Sedimen;  Bahan Organik; Makrozoobenthos  ABSTRACT Sediment Texture consists of sand, silt, and clay. Sediment cumullation and transport nutrient from organisms and domestic waste will make organic matter. Nutrient was used by macrozoobenthos as feeding is needed to survive. Moreover, macrozoobenthos was found in sediment itself. Sediment texture and fraction contain were influencing the abundance of macrozoobenthos.This research was aimed to know kinds of sediment texture, organic matter contain, the abundance of macrozoobenthos, the relationship among sediment fractions with organic matter and macrozoobenthos in the estuary of Banjir Kanal Timur Semarang. This research was using descriptive method. Texture sediment in every station was dominated by loam. Kinds of macrozoobenthos was found from Famili Ciratulidae, Nephtydae, Nereidae, Tubificidae, and Arcidae. Based on research, It was concluded that the relationship between three variables was when the percentage of loam was increasing, then organic matter contain was also increasing, and macroozobenthos overflow. Keywords: Sediment Texture; Organic Matter;  Macrozoobenthos
Pengaruh diet dengan pengaturan indeks glikemik dan beban glikemik terhadap kadar glukosa darah atlet sepak bola remaja
Authors: Siwi Tabita Prawita , Dieny Fillah Fithra , Fitranti Deny Yudi
Published: February 2018

Background : Stability of blood glucose level is the important key of football match. Low Glycemic Load (GL) foods can decrease the metabolism change during postprandial time and during exercise. Objective : The purpose of this study was to know the effect of  diet with arrangement Glycemic Index (GI) and GL on blood glucose level in young football athletes.Methods : Quasi experimental study on 21 male football athletes aged 14-18 years old at Pusat Pendidikan dan Latihan Pelajar (PPLP) Jawa Tengah. Subjects were divided into three groups : High GI with High GL diet (H-H) with GI=70 GL=47, Low GI with High GL diet (L-H) with GI=35 GL=22, and Low GI with Low GL diet (L-L) with GI=34 GL=6. Subjects fasted before intervention. Data collected were VO2max and body fat percentage, blood glucose level one hour after intervention (BGL 1), blood glucose level two hour after intervention (BGL 2), and blood glucose level after running exercised with distance 2.4 km (BGL 3). Bivariate analysis used Kruskall Wallis test.Results : All of groups have same characteristics of age, body fat precentage, and VO2max. There were significant effect of diet with arrangement GI and GL on BGL 1 and BGL 2 (p<0.05), there was no effect of diet with arrangement GI and GL on BGL 3 (p>0.05).Conclusion : Diets with arrangement Glycemic Index and Glycemic Load affected blood glucose level one hour and two hour after intervention. The increases of blood glucose level occured significantly in group that given low Glycemic Index and low Glycemic Load diet.
Potensi yogurt kacang merah (Phaseolus vulgaris L) ditinjau dari sifat organoleptik, kandungan protein, lemak dan flavonoid
Authors: Putriningtyas Natalia Desy , Wahyuningsih Siti
Published: February 2018

Background:   Yogurt is one of fermented milk products. Yogurt can also be made from red beans milk (Phaseolus vulgaris L). Red beans milk has a better taste and flavor compared to the other legumes. Red beans are a good source of complex carbohydrates, protein, vitamin B, iron, calcium,phosphorus and also rich in fiber and flavonoids. Red beans yogurt is one of the innovations of fermented red beans products. Objective: This study was aimed to determine the differences of red beans yogurt on organoleptic properties, protein, lipid and flavonoid contents. Methods: The study was held in February- September 2017 at Microbiology Laboratory of Center for Food and Nutrition, Gadjah Mada University and Dietetic and Culinary Laboratory of Respati University, Yogyakarta. The study was experimental design using Completely Randomized research Design (CRD) with four treatments, each replicated two times. The formulation of yogurt were A (control from cow milk and 2% skim milk); B (red beans and 2% skim milk); C (red beans and skim milk with comparison 1:0.5); D (red beans and skim milk with comparison 1:1). Hedonic scale test form was used for measuring organoleptic properties, such as flavor, taste, texture, colour and overall organoleptic properties. Hedonic level was done by twenty semi trained panelist. The difference of organoleptic properties were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis test and continued by Mann Whitney U test. Results: Flavor, color, taste,and texture and overall organoleptic properties between groups were significantly different; p=0.001 respectively. The protein, lipid and flavonoid content between groups were not significantly different; p= 0.083; 0.919; 0.083 respectively. Yogurt C was preferable with a ratio of skim milk to red beans of 1:0.5. The highest protein and fat content was found in yogurt D. The highest flavonoid was found in yogurt C.  Conclusion: There were no differences in protein, lipid and flavonoid content but different in organoleptic properties.
Pengaruh pemberian ekstrak kedelai hitam (Glycine soja.) berbagai dosis terhadap kadar glukosa darah, kadar insulin, dan HOMA-IR
Authors: Kurniawati Dewi M , Dharmana Edi , Rachmawati Banundari , Pemayun Tjokorda Gde Dalem
Published: February 2018

Background: Obese is risk factor for abnormal glucose homeostasis and causes oxidative stress that can decrease insulin sensitivity resulting in hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia. Black soy bean contains anthocyanins and isoflavones, it is expected to reduce oxidative stress. Objective: Determine the effect of various dosage of black soybean extract (Glycine soja.) on blood glucose, insulin levels, and HOMA - IR in obese Sprague Dawley (SD) rats.Methods: True experimental study with randomized controlled pre test-post test design in male SD rats. Twenty four samples divided into 4 groups: control (K), 500 (P1), 750 (P2), and 1000 mg/kgBW (P3). Rats were induced to become obese with High Fat Sucrose Diet (HFSD) for 4 weeks then black soybean extracts were given for 2 weeks..Results: There was no difference in blood glucose before and after treatment (p> 0.05). There were differences on insulin levels in 500 (p = 0.012) and 750mg/kgBW (p = 0.020) doseges. There were differences on HOMA-IR in 500 (p = 0.043) and 750mg/kgBW (p = 0.028) dosages. There was difference in insulin levels’s difference (p = 0.009) between groups.Conclusion: There are differences on insulin levels and HOMA – IR in 500 and 750 mg/kgBW dosages groups. However, there is no difference on blood glucose before and after black soybean extract treatment. The most decreased levels of blood glucose, insulin and HOMA- IR were in 750mg/kgBW dosage.
Perubahan pengetahuan penjamah makanan hotel setelah penyuluhan higiene perorangan
Authors: Kusuma Hapsari Sulistya , Pasanda Amalia , Nugraheni Kartika , Nissa Choirun
Published: February 2018

Background : Personal hygiene food handlers in food processing is very important because with the application of good hygiene can minimize the possibility of food contamination. The personal hygiene can be influenced by some factors, for instance knowledge and behaviors of food handlers. Lack of knowledge, inappropriate behaviors towards personal hygiene can be changed by giving the right information. Objective : This study aims to determine differences in knowledge of food handlers before and after counseling.Methods : This was a quasi-experimental one group pretest posttest design. The sample of this study was 18 food handlers in Patra Jasa Hotel selected by total sampling method. Knowledge data obtained from the total score from the correct answer in the questionnaire. The data was analyzed using Wilcoxon test.Results : This study showed that the increases in knowledge of food handlers increased by 22%. Statistical analysis showed knowledge before and after nutrition extension (p = 0.001).Conclusions : there was difference in knowledge of food handlers before and after personal hygiene counseling.
An Automated Large-Scale Apparatus for 3-D Cyclic Testing of Soil-Structure Interfaces
Authors: Zhang Jian-Min , Feng Da-Kuo , Hou Wen-Jun
Published: February 2018

Soil-structure interfaces exist widely in many geotechnical applications and play an important role in soil-structure interaction. Few data have been found on the three-dimensional (3-D) interface behaviors because of the limitation of test devices. A new large-scale test apparatus—the 80-ton 3-D Multifunction Apparatus for Soil-structure interface (3DMAS)—has been professionally designed and developed to investigate the cyclic behaviors of soil-structure interfaces subjected to 2-D and 3-D complex loading conditions. New features of the 3DMAS apparatus include: (1) accurate 3-D loading and control system to allow 3-D interface tests; (2) high loading capability and installation of large test specimens; (3) new measurement method to enable the direct measurement of the structure’s displacement relative to the soil; (4) accurate application of three typical boundary conditions normal to the interface; (5) accurate application of various shear paths in tangential direction; (6) computerized and automated control and measurement systems, allowing forces and displacements to be easily and accurately controlled and measured. The effectiveness and reliability of this apparatus has been verified by a series of 3-D displacement-controlled and stress-controlled direct shear tests conducted on the interface between gravelly soils and structures under the three normal conditions of constant stress, constant stiffness, and constant volume. Typical test results indicate that the 3-D mechanical behavior of soil-structure interfaces is significantly different from the 2-D behavior and that it is necessary to systematically investigate the 3-D shearing behavior of the interface.
Electrophysiological Signatures of Spatial Boundaries in the Human Subiculum
Authors: Lee Sang Ah , Miller Jonathan F. , Watrous Andrew J. , Sperling Michael R. , Sharan Ashwini , Worrell Gregory A. , Berry Brent M. , Aronson Joshua P. , Davis Kathryn A. , Gross Robert E. , Lega Bradley , Sheth Sameer , Das Sandhitsu R. , Stein Joel M. , Gorniak Richard , Rizzuto Daniel S. , Jacobs Joshua
Published: February 2018

Environmental boundaries play a crucial role in spatial navigation and memory across a wide range of distantly related species. In rodents, boundary representations have been identified at the single-cell level in the subiculum and entorhinal cortex of the hippocampal formation. Although studies of hippocampal function and spatial behavior suggest that similar representations might exist in humans, boundary-related neural activity has not been identified electrophysiologically in humans until now. To address this gap in the literature, we analyzed intracranial recordings from the hippocampal formation of surgical epilepsy patients (of both sexes) while they performed a virtual spatial navigation task and compared the power in three frequency bands (1–4, 4–10, and 30–90 Hz) for target locations near and far from the environmental boundaries. Our results suggest that encoding locations near boundaries elicited stronger theta oscillations than for target locations near the center of the environment and that this difference cannot be explained by variables such as trial length, speed, movement, or performance. These findings provide direct evidence of boundary-dependent neural activity localized in humans to the subiculum, the homolog of the hippocampal subregion in which most boundary cells are found in rodents, and indicate that this system can represent attended locations that rather than the position of one's own body.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTSpatial computations using environmental boundaries are an integral part of the brain's spatial mapping system. In rodents, border/boundary cells in the subiculum and entorhinal cortex reveal boundary coding at the single-neuron level. Although there is good reason to believe that such representations also exist in humans, the evidence has thus far been limited to functional neuroimaging studies that broadly implicate the hippocampus in boundary-based navigation. By combining intracranial recordings with high-resolution imaging of hippocampal subregions, we identified a neural marker of boundary representation in the human subiculum.
DETECTION OF LISTERIA SPP. IN RAW MILK AND DAIRY PRODUCTS RETAILED IN ANKARA
Authors: Şanlıbaba Pinar , Uymaz Tezel Başar , Çakmak Gürcü Aybige
Published: February 2018

The objective of this study was
to determine the prevalence of Listeria species in raw milk, and dairy
products. A total of 110 samples were obtained from randomly selected retail
stores and local bazaars located in Ankara. Using TS EN ISO 11290-1 method, 23
samples were found positive for Listeria spp. The overall prevalence of Listeria
spp. was 20.91%, in which L. innocua was the most commonly recovered
species (6.36%). The remaining isolates were identified as L ivanovii (5.45%),
L. monocytogenes (4.55%), and L welshimeri (4.55%). The L
monocytogenes isolates were positive for the presence of hlyA gene.
The highest prevalence of Listeria spp. was found in homemade cheese
(9.09%), followed by raw milk (8.19%), and white cheese (3.64%). L
monocytogenes was isolated from raw milk and homemade cheese in this study.

In conclusion, the low hygienic
quality dairy products may lead to listeriosis surveillance in Ankara.
Pakistan in 2017
Authors: Kugelman Michael
Published: February 2018

The ouster of Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif marked the culmination of a tumultuous political year in 2017 for Pakistan. On the external front, tensions with India, Afghanistan, and the United States soared before abating, albeit modestly, later in the year.
Japan in 2017
Authors: Calder Kent E.
Published: February 2018

Japanese domestic politics grew more volatile and complex in 2017, as LDP electoral reversals were followed by opposition fragmentation and then conservative consolidation. Foreign policy was dominated by the security challenge of North Korea, but also involved deepened relations with the US and Europe, as well as unanticipated improvement with China and South Korea. Macroeconomic trends were positive, but structural reform proceeded only slowly. Japanese society remained slow to change.
MODELO DE INTERVENCIÓN ENFOCADO DESDE LA NIÑEZ AL PROTAGONISMO DE SU PROPIO APRENDIZAJE
Authors: Morera-Castro María , Herrera-González Emmanuel , Arguedas-Víquez Rita , Fonseca-Schmidt Héctor
Published: February 2018

El objetivo de este artículo fue sistematizar la experiencia metodológica del Proyecto Psicomotricidad e Intervención desarrollado en la Universidad Nacional de Costa Rica. Este modelo de intervención apunta al fortalecimiento de las diferentes áreas del desarrollo humano en la población infantil de 2 a 7 años de edad, y sus ejes centrales: el desarrollo perceptual-motor y la auto-regulación. Como resultado de la aplicación de este modelo, el infante logró ser protagonista de su propio aprendizaje ya que, al ser expuesto a diferentes espacios y situaciones que, por medio del movimiento, la autonomía, el análisis y resolución de situaciones, logró aprender, afrontar y mejorar tareas diarias, destrezas y emociones, esto según la percepción de la persona encargada del infante, el personal del proyecto y los propios comentarios del infante. Se concluye que la creación de este modelo es una contribución para profesionales y, en general, para la comunidad interesada en la educación infantil y en su formación integral.
Perfil del docente de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Información de la Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí
Authors: Martínez Rider Dra. Rosa María , Mata Puente Dra. Adriana , Oliva Cruz Dr. Eduardo
Published: February 2018

Se presentan los resultados de las características del perfil docente del bibliotecólogo en la Facultad de Ciencias de la Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, como parte de una investigación Iberoamericana del Seminario de Educación Bibliotecológica, coordinado por la Dra. Lina Escalona Ríos en el Instituto de Investigaciones bibliotecológicas y de Información de la UNAM.El objetivo fue analizar la congruencia entre el perfil del docente y el modelo educativo que permea el currículum de Gestión de Información de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Información (FCI) de la Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí (UASLP), México.Los resultados de la encuesta de tipo exploratoria aplicada a los docentes fueron representativos para los profesores asignatura, quienes respondieron la mayor parte de las encuestas.
Análisis de la influencia de las señales del sistema GLONASS en el procesamiento de una red geodésica regional
Authors: Paniagua-Jiménez Diana , Valverde-Calderón Jose
Published: February 2018

En los últimos años, ha habido un incremento en el número de satélites disponibles para posicionamiento mediante técnicas espaciales, donde se destacan los sistemas GPS y GLONASS. Se realizó el análisis comparativo de los resultados obtenidos tras el cálculo de una red de estaciones GNSS en Europa, a partir del procesamiento de los datos usando el programa Bernese 5.2 que, entre otras cosas, destaca por presentar una mejora en el tratamiento conjunto de datos GPS y GLONNAS, con respecto a la versión anterior del programa. El fin primario que motivó la investigación es la necesidad de determinar si efectivamente los resultados de la combinación de datos de ambos sistemas son mejores que los obtenidos con la versión 5.0, ya que investigaciones demostraron que el resultado del procesamiento GNSS en el programa Bernese 5.0 tiene la tendencia a ser menos preciso que el resultado del procesamiento con únicamente datos GPS. Como resultado se obtuvo que el incluir las observables del sistema GLONASS en el procesamiento no tiene un impacto significativo sobre los resultados.