bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enhancement of power transfer capacity of transmission network using multilevel multifunction inverter
Authors: Nathgosavi Kiran , Joshi Prasad
Published: January 2024

This article presents a multilevel multifunction inverter (MLMFI) with a novel controller for the grid-connection of a solar array. The aim of this work is to improve the technology of the power transfer capacity of existing transmission lines in order to alleviate the current energy crisis. An effective mathematical modelling of an MLMFI configuration having two series-connected H-bridges per phase with isolated solar arrays is presented. A novel closed-loop controller is proposed for reference signal generation using the PWM technique. With the proposed controller, the power flow in a transmission line is analysed for daytime and nighttime conditions. The proposed controller performance was tested on a realistic single-machine infinite-bus power system with midpoint MLMFI using MATLAB simulation software. The proposed MLMFI-based solar array enhanced the stable power transfer limit of a transmission line. A comparative analysis between conventional and proposed controllers for power flow and transient stability studies was also presented. The proposed MLMFI results were validated by developing an experimental model.
Semi-analytical approach-based studies of the squeeze film lubrication between rough porous annular discs: Rabinowitsch fluid model
Authors: Rahul Amit Kumar , Singh Manoj Kumar , Tiwari Ravi , Paul Sourabh , Rao Pentyala Srinivasa , Biswas Rohahn
Published: January 2024

In recent years, there has been much interest in the effects of porosity and surface roughness (SR) or geometric irregularities between two moving plates under hydrodynamic lubrication. Porous bearings are used extensively in wide range of equipment, including computers, office equipment, home appliances, electric motors, and vehicles. In light of the importance of the aforementioned applications, we explored how SR and porous materials affect annular discs under the condition of a squeeze film. A five-point Gauss quadrature integral formula has been used to examine the characteristics of annular discs and a small perturbation method has been used to discretise the governing Rabinowitsch fluid flow (RFF) equations. The impact of nonlinear parameters on the behaviour of porosity and SR have been visualised in terms of film pressure (FP), load carrying capacity (LCC), and squeeze response time (SRT) of annular discs. Under the conditions of pseudoplastic and dilatant fluids, the effects of SR and porous materials between annular discs have been estimated in the form of the film pressure, LCC, and SRT and are presented in this manuscript as tables and graphs. According to the findings, the performance of an annular disc is significantly affected by porous material and radial roughness patterns. In addition, when RFF is carried through a rough surface and porous media, the performance is found to improve for dilatant fluids but suffer for pseudoplastic fluids.
SOCIO-ECONOMIC DIMENSIONS OF THE AL-IDRISIYAH TAREKAT IN INDONESIA: DOCTRINE AND PRACTICE
Authors: Mursalat Mursalat , Munandar Siswoyo Aris
Published: January 2024

Tarekat or Sufi order is identical to various spiritual activities, often considered far from worldly life. This identification places Sufism as merely related to mystical and ascetic activities. This study intends to explain how the Al-Idrisiyah tarekat in Indonesia has primary concern on social and economic dimensions in all of their various empowerment programs in the community. The research uses qualitative methods, with data collection techniques of observation and documentation of tarekat activities on mixed social media. The study results show that the practice of the socio-economic dimension is an implementation of their belief that a true Sufi is a Sufi who works and empowers others. Their socio-economic activities have developed to resemble philanthropic activities and can help several community groups affected by the pandemic in 2020-2021.Tarekat atau sufi sering diidentikkan dengan kegiatan spiritual, yang dianggap menjauhi kehidupan duniawi. Identifikasi tersebut menyebabkan tasawuf dianggap dekat dengan hal-hal yang bersifat kebatinan dan asketik.  Penelitian ini bermaksud untuk menjelaskan bagaimana Tarekat Al-Idrisiyah di Indonesia memiliki dimensi sosial dan ekonomi yang diterapkan dalam berbagai program pemberdayaan mereka di masyarakat. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data berupa observasi dan dokumentasi kegiatan-kegiatan tarekat di berbagai sosial media. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa praktik dimensi sosial-ekonomi tersebut merupakan implementasi dari keyakinan mereka bahwa seorang sufi yang benar adalah sufi yang bekerja dan memberdayakan manusia lainnya yang lemah. Kegiatan sosial-ekonomi mereka tersebut berkembang menyerupaikan aktivitas filantropi dan mampu membantu beberapa kelompok masyarakat yang terdampak pandemi di tahun 2020-2021.
UNDERSTANDING SOCIAL-INTERACTION BETWEEN NYAI AND FEMALE SANTRI IN PESANTREN ANNUQAYAH, EAST JAVA
Authors: Takdir Mohammad , Lusiyana Lusiyana , Jannah Zahratul , Maimunah Min Umniyatil
Published: January 2024

This article explains the model of social interaction between Nyai (female pesantren leader) and santri (female students) at Pesantren Annuqayah, East Java. Nyai is seen as having the authority to participate in developing education in pesantren. This view has implications for the model of social relationship between Nyai and her students, not only in the learning process but also in their daily life at the pesantren. This research uses qualitative methods through a phenomenological approach. Data were collected through observation, documentation, and in-depth interviews with Nyai and several students at the pesantren of Annuqayah. The results showed that the relationship between Nyai and santri tends to be in patron-client and associative models. These two models of interactions arise naturally as a tradition, as well as a form of application of the teachings they learn in classical books in pesantren. This relationship model aims to shape Islamic personality and teach the students morality and intellect.Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan model interaksi sosial antara Nyai dan santri perempuan di Pesantren Annuqayah, Jawa Timur. Nyai, sebuah sebutan untuk istri pemimpin pesantren di Indonesia, dipandang memiliki otoritas untuk ikut serta mengembangan pendidikan di pesantren. Hal ini berimplikasi pada jenis relasi sosial diantara Nyai dengan murid-muridnya, tidak hanya dalam proses pembelajaran namun juga dalam keseharian mereka di pesantren. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif melalui pendekatan fenomenologi. Data dikumpulkan melalui teknik observasi, dokumentasi, dan wawancara mendalam terhadap Nyai dan beberapa santri di Pesantren Annuqayah Jawa Timur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hubungan Nyai dan santri cenderung bersifat patron-klien dan asosiatif. Kedua jenis interaksi ini terjadi secara alamiah sebagai sebuah tradisi, sekaligus bentuk penerapan dari ajaran-ajaran yang mereka pelajari dalam kitab-kitab klasik di pesantren. Model hubungan ini bertujuan untuk membentuk kepribadian Islami, penanaman moralitas, dan intelektualitas pada diri para santri.
THE IMPACT OF TEACHING-SCHOOL STUDENTS WITH A PESANTREN EDUCATION BACKGROUND AS FUNDS OF IDENTITY: A SOCIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
Authors: Putra Tomy Kartika , Arkam Rohmad
Published: January 2024

Teaching-school students with a pesantren education background have a source of identity with rich Islamic values. Research-based on their identity formation is essential. They need to consider their experiences to help them when entering college. This study aims to determine the components of the identity sources of new students in the Department of English education at one of universities in East Java. By referring to the fund's identity framework, this study analyzes self-portraits of teaching-school students to find the origins of student identity formation. This research employs observation techniques and in-depth interviews with four teaching school students with pesantren educational backgrounds. The study results indicate that teaching-school students with pesantren backgrounds have sources of identity formation with social, valuative, practical, institutional, and disciplinary categories. From a sociological perspective, identity formation's origins are part of positive social capital with pedagogical and methodological implications in the teaching process.Mahasiswa keguruan yang mempunyai latar belakang pendidikan pesantren membawa sumber identitas yang kaya nilai Islam. Penelitian mengenai sumber pembentuk identitas yang mereka miliki penting dilakukan. Pengalaman yang mereka bawa perlu dirangkul sebagai upaya untuk membantu mereka ketika masuk dalam perguruan tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui komponen-komponen sumber identitas mahasiswa baru Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris. Dengan mengacu pada kerangka funds of identity, penelitian ini menganalisis self-portrait mahasiswa-keguruan untuk mengetahui sumber pembentuk identitas mahasiswa. Data dikumpulkan melalui teknik observasi dan wawancara mendalam terhadap 4 orang mahasiswa-keguruan dengan latar belakang pendidikan pesantren. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mahasiswa keguruan berlatar belakang pendidikan pesantren mempunyai sumber pembentuk identitas, yakni social, valuative, practical, institutional, and disciplinary. Secara Sosiologis, sumber pembentuk identitas tersebut merupakan bagian dari modal sosial yang positif dan memiliki implikasi pedagogi dan metodologi dalam proses pengajaran.
LEARNING ISLAM IN A MODERATE WAY: HOW PESANTREN TEACHES ISLAMIC VALUES AND NATIONHOOD TOWARD SANTRI?
Authors: Suprapto Suprapto
Published: January 2024

The 9/11 tragedy has brought up negative stereotype to pesantren identified as a radical Islamic educational institution in Indonesia. In April 2022, BNPT (National Counterterrorism Agency) released 198 Islamic boarding schools which affiliated with radicalism. The increasing cases of intolerant acts in Indonesia have been exacerbating the relations among religious communities. This study intends to analyze the roles of two Islamic boarding schools, that are Al-Hikmah and Roudhotut Tholibin, in Indonesia, in producing moderate values of Islam to their students. This study employs a qualitative approach through a case study. Data were collected by observing various activities in the two Islamic boarding schools, FGD, and in-depth interviews with ten informants. The findings showed that Pesantren Al-Hikmah and Pesantren Roudhotut Tholibin taught moderate values of Islam, primarily through the teaching process of the classical book entitled Idhotun  Nasyi'in. It provides students with social aspects of interaction with non-Muslims and the values of differences. In doing so, students are also invited to participate in community activities to exercise the values of nationalism in Islamic boarding schools. This research further indicates that pesantren is not a place where radicalism grows but it has become an Islamic educational institution that can produce moderation and national values.Peristiwa terorisme 9/11 silam telah menyisakan stereotype negatif pada pesantren sebagai lembaga pendidikan Islam yang radikal di Indonesia. Pada April 2022 lalu, BNPT (Badan Nasional Penanggulangan Terorisme) telah merilis 198 pesantren yang terafiliasi dengan radikalisme. Hal ini diperburuk oleh data kasus intoleransi di Indonesia yang meningkat. Penelitian ini bermaksud untuk menganalisis dua pesantren yakni Al Hikmah dan Roudhotut Tholibin di Indonesia dalam peranannya memproduksi nilai-nilai moderat dalam berislam kepada para santri. Penelitian dilakukan dengan pendekatan kualitatif melalui studi kasus. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi berbagai kegiatan di dua pesantren tersebut, FGD, dan wawancara mendalam terhadap 10 informan santri. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Pesantren Al Hikmah dan Pesanten Roudhotut Tholibin justru mengajarkan nilai-nilai moderat dalam berislam, khususnya melalui pengajaran kitab klasik Idhotun Nasyi’in. Kitab-kitab beserta dengan tafsir yang diajarkan kepada santri sarat dengan  ajaran-ajakan bagaimana berinteraksi secara baik dengan non-muslim dan kelompok yang berbeda. Santri juga diajak berpartisipasi dalam kegiatan di masyarakat sehingga mampu menumbuhkan benih-benih nasionalisme di pesantren. Penelitian ini selanjutnya menajdi indikasi kuat bahwa pesantren bukanlah tempat tumbuhnya radikalisme, namun justru telah menjadi lembaga pendidikan Islam yang mampu memproduksi nilai moderat dan nilai kebangsaan.
WOMEN IN THE SHADOW OF TERRORISM: EXPOSING THE DISCURSIVE AWARENESS BEHIND THE DIVORCE OF TERRORIST WIVES IN INDONESIA
Authors: Rochmah Ari Alfiatul , Alanuari Alanuari
Published: January 2024

In 2022, the National Counter-Terrorism Agency released data that over the last 10 (ten) years the involvement of women in terrorism activism has increased by 10%. The increase was coupled with an increase in divorce cases among spouses of perpetrators of terrorism. The objective of this study is to elucidate the reasons and mechanisms behind the correlation between the surge in women's involvement in terrorism and the phenomenon of divorce. The data were collected through in-depth interviews, observations, and tracing of data from the National Counter-Terrorism Agency. The data collected were then analyzed using Anthony Giddens' Structural Theory. According to the findings, multiple factors contributed to the divorce of terrorist couples, such as insufficient financial resources, pressure from peer groups to end the marriage due to differences in supporting the Islamic State, and the realization of no longer wanting to be associated with husbands engaged in terrorist activities. By applying Giddens' framework, these results formed a compelling argument that the wives of terrorists possessed a discursive awareness of the societal context in which they lived, leading them to make the decision to divorce their husbands.Tahun 2022, BNPT merilis data bahwa selama 10 (sepuluh) tahun terakhir pelibatan perempuan dalam aktivisme terorisme telah meningkat 10%. Peningkatan tersebut telah diiringi dengan peningkatan kasus perceraian di kalangan pasangan suami-istri pelaku terror. Penelitian ini bermaksud untuk menjelaskan mengapa dan bagaimana fenomena perceraian tersebut menggejala seiring dengan peningkatan pelibatan perempuan dalam terorisme. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi, dan penelusuran data BNPT. Data yang terkumpul selanjutnya dianalisis dengan menggunakan Teori Strukturasi dari Anthony Giddens. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat beberapa factor yang menyebabkan perceraian di kalangan pasangan teroris, diantaranya: faktor ketidakterpenuhinya kebutuhan ekonomi, dorongan peer-group untuk bercerai karena sudah tidak sepemahaman dalam menegakkan Daulah Islamiyah, dan adanya kesadaran untuk tidak lagi terikat dengan suami yang terlibat terorisme. Melalui Strukturasi Giddens, temuan ini kemudian menjadi argumen kuat bahwa istri teroris memiliki kesadaran diskursif akan realitas sosial yang mengelilinginya, dan kemudian mendorongnya untuk memutuskan bercerai dengan suaminya.
UNDERSTANDING AND ADDRESSING SEXUAL DEVIANCE: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF SEXUAL KNOWLEDGE AND BEHAVIOR AMONG TEENAGERS IN SUB URBAN PUBLIC AND RELIGIOUS SCHOOLS
Authors: Desky Ahmed Fernanda
Published: January 2024

Several studies indicate that insufficient education on sexual matters in schools is a contributing factor to the engagement of teenagers in sexual deviant behaviors. Another contributing factor to sexual deviance in teenagers is their experience as victims of sexual abuse, parental violence, and coming from broken homes. These factors might promote the development of sexual dysfunction, particularly in suburban regions. The objective of this study is to provide a detailed account of the sexual knowledge and sexual behavior of teenagers attending schools in suburban settings. The researcher selected two schools in Deli Serdang Regency, one being a public school and the other a religious school, both with distinct educational system histories. This research methodology employs a quantitative study design utilizing a survey-based technique. The public school sample consisted of 74 respondents, whereas the religious school sample consisted of 91 respondents. The research data were gathered by a questionnaire and analyzed using the SPSS version 22 software. The findings demonstrated that sexual education in religious schools can significantly mitigate the occurrence of sexual aberrations in comparison to public schools. Meanwhile, teenagers attending public schools view engaging in physical touch while dating as a favorable activity. This contrasts with teenagers attending religious schools, where the emphasis is on instilling stronger religious ideals in order to restrict romantic relationships during adolescence.Beberapa penelitian menyebutkan bahwa kurangnya pengetahuan tentang seks di sekolah menjadi salah satu sebab remaja melakukan penyimpangan seksual. Faktor lain yang memiliki korelasi dengan penyimpangann seksual adalah para remaja tersebut merupakan korban kekerasan seksual, kekerasan orang tua, dan latar belakang dari keluarga broken home yang kemudian memicu munculnya disfungsi seksual di wilayah sub urban. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan bagaimana pengetahuan seks dan perilaku seksual remaja di sekolah yang terletak di wilayah sub urban. Peneliti memilih dua sekolah dengan latar belakang sistem pendidikan yang berbeda, yaitu sekolah umum dan sekolah agama di Kabupaten Deli, Serdang. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan survey. Jumlah sampel sekolah umum sebanyak 74 responden, dan sampel sekolah agama sebanyak 91 responden. Data penelitian dikumpulkan menggunakan angket, dan diolah menggunakan program SPSS versi 22. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengetahuan tentang seks di sekolah agama secara efektif dapat mencegah munculnya penyimpangan seks dibandingkan dengan sekolah umum. Sedangkan remaja di sekolah umum menganggap pacaran dengan melakukan kontak fisik merupakan suatu aktivitas positif. Hal ini berbeda dengan remaja di sekolah agama yang lebih menanamkan nilai-nilai agama untuk membatasi hubungan berpacaran di usia remaja.
IMPLEMENTATION OF KUNTOWIJOYO'S PROPHETIC SOCIAL SCIENCES AS AN APPROACH TO RECONSTRUCT THE INTERPRETATION OF THE QUR’ANIC VERSES OF THE STORY OF IBRAHIM
Authors: Daib Insan Labib Muhammad Alfreda , Nurhaedi Dadi
Published: January 2024

This study explores the utilization of Kuntowijoyo's concept of Prophetic Social Science as a method for comprehending the verses of the Qur'an. The passages in question pertain to the narrative of Abraham engaging in dialogue with different interlocutors. This study addresses three key inquiries: 1) The definition of ISP and Kuntowijoyo's perspective on it. 2). Which passages pertain to the narrative of Ibrahim AS? 3). What is the process of constructing verse interpretation through ISP and how do the implications and implementations of interpretation products affect social life in Indonesia. The research methodology employed is descriptive analysis, specifically utilizing a literature review technique encompassing primary materials authored by Kuntowijoyo and secondary sources published by other scholars who have explored Kuntowijoyo's concepts. The findings of this study indicate that ISP, which stands for Islamic Science Prophetic, is a scientific output derived from prophetic material that encompasses more than only the teachings of Prophet Muhammad. 2). Ibrahim serves as an exemplary character that may be emulated as a role model in ISP. This is derived from the manner in which Ibrahim engaged in discussion with his interlocutors. 3). Ibrahim's dialogue approach serves as an exemplary model for fostering peace in social life, particularly among religious individuals in Indonesia.Tulisan ini membahas tentang bagaimana konsep Ilmu Sosial Profetik Kuntowijoyo dijadikan sebagai sebuah pendekatan dalam memahami ayat-ayat al-Qur’an. Adapun ayat-ayat yang dimaksud adalah ayat yang berkaitan dengan kisah dialog Ibrahim dengan berbagai lawan bicara. Kajian ini berangkat dari tiga pertanyaan mendasar, 1). Apa yang dimaksud dengan ISP dan bagaimana pemikiran Kuntowijoyo. 2). Apa saja ayat-ayat yang berkaitan dengan kisah Ibrahim AS. 3). Bagaimana kontruksi interpretasi ayat melalui ISP dan bagaimana pula implikasi serta implementasi produk interpretasi dalam kehidupan bermasyarakat di Indonesia. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif analitik, khususnya dengan menggunakan pendekatan kajian kepustakaan melalui sumber-sumber primer karya Kuntowijoyo maupun sumber-sumber sekunder yang dituliskan orang lain terkait ide-ide Kuntowijoyo. Hasil penelitian ini adalah 1). ISP adalah produk ilmu yang diambil dari data profetik kenabian yang tidak hanya terpaku kepada nabi Muhammad. 2). Ibrahim merupakan figur yang dapat dijadikan role model dalam ISP. Hal ini didasari dari bagaimana Ibrahim berdialog dengan lawan bicaranya. 3). Konsep dialog Ibrahim adalah contoh yang ideal bagi umat manusia, khususnya umat beragama di Indonesia dalam menciptakan kedamaian dalam kehidupan sosial.
Ce que les modèles du corps sain nous disent des sociétés
Authors: Gallenga Ghislaine , Soldani Jérôme
Published: January 2024

Les politiques de santé ne sont jamais exclusivement sanitaires ou économiques, mais s’ancrent dans des systèmes de représentations et dans une manière de penser l’autonomie de la personne. Ces modèles s’accompagnent de pratiques physiques et alimentaires qui peuvent entrer en contradiction avec les principes de santé sur un plan biomédical ou de ce qui est attendu en termes d’effets sur le biologique. Les discours hygiénistes correspondent, dans les faits, à des normes sociales et culturelles. Cependant, et bien que conçues pour le bien de tous, ces politiques hygiénistes ne deviennent-elles pas une ligne de discrimination ? Ne sont-elles pas également contestées par les groupes et individus auxquels elles s’adressent ? Indépendamment de savoir ce qu’est un corps sain ou en bonne santé, qu’est-ce que ce gouvernement des corps et les modèles du corps sain nous disent des sociétés ?
Extension et déstabilisation d’une politique de santé publique
Authors: Bouttet Flavien , Didierjean Romaine , Hot Florian , Lepori Mélanie , Lessard Coralie
Published: January 2024

Entre 2020 et 2022 en France, le ministère des Sports et celui des Solidarités et de la Santé ont labellisé 436 structures « Maisons Sport-Santé » (MSS). D’après leur cahier des charges, les MSS doivent organiser et coordonner l’offre d’activité physique et les parcours des personnes recevant une prescription médicale. Or, sur de nombreux territoires, plusieurs MSS sont labellisées alors que des plateformes organisées par des acteurs publics ou associatifs et soutenues par l’État en région (ARS et DRJSCS) menaient déjà ces actions. À partir d’une enquête qualitative dans quatre régions métropolitaines, l’article montre comment l’usage d’un label peut déstabiliser un espace local par la remise en cause des légitimités naissantes et la multiplication du nombre d’acteurs reconnus pour les mêmes missions. En revenant sur la diversité des structures pouvant être labellisées, et en particulier l’émergence de structures privées marchandes et hospitalières reconnues par les pouvoirs publics, l’article propose une analyse des lectures différenciées de l’organisation et de la coordination de l’espace local. L’évolution du nombre de structures labellisées et des relations entre les structures permet aussi d’interroger la dynamique processuelle des dispositifs d’encadrement de la prescription médicale d’activité physique.
Participer à un programme de prévention de l’obésité : rapports aux normes et appropriations différenciées
Authors: Knobé Sandrine
Published: January 2024

Prévenir l’obésité est devenu un enjeu majeur de santé publique. Ainsi, depuis quelques années des programmes dénommés sport-santé sont proposés à des étudiant·e·s dont l’indice de masse corporelle est supérieur ou égal à 30. En associant suivis médical, diététique, sportif et psychologique, les étudiant·e·s concerné·e·s sont invité·e·s à s’engager dans une entreprise de « sortie de l’obésité ». Mais comment cet engagement est-il vécu ? L’article rend compte des attentes exprimées par rapport au programme sport-santé relevant de motifs tantôt sanitaires, tantôt esthétiques. Il propose aussi, à travers l’exemple de deux bénéficiaires, de souligner l’existence de formes différenciées d’appropriation des injonctions normatives de retour à un poids « normal » et de rapport à l’idéal corporel prescrit. Le recueil de plusieurs entretiens sur une période d’environ deux ans avec des étudiant·e·s participant à un tel programme permet de mieux appréhender les appropriations différenciées.
Une histoire des cultures corporelles et des politiques de contrôle dans les sociétés occidentales
Authors: Vigarello Georges , Gallenga Ghislaine , Soldani Jérôme
Published: January 2024

Dans cet entretien, Georges Vigarello revient brièvement sur son parcours et sur ce qui a motivé son intérêt pour les questions liées aux transformations corporelles. Selon lui, la sensibilité est au cœur de ces transformations, soulignant ainsi de façon diachronique un recentrement de l’individu sur lui-même. Mais, le paradoxe de cet État hygiéniste est justement la dialectique entre autonomie et contrôle des individus.
Enjeux et perspectives dans l’étude des politiques publiques du corps sain
Authors: Favier-Ambrosini Brice
Published: January 2024

Le texte propose tout d’abord de revenir sur les axes de réflexion transversaux aux différents articles composant ce numéro thématique de la revue Émulations et qui nous semblent soulever des enjeux importants concernant la sociologie des politiques publiques du corps sain. Sont ainsi abordées les questions de la multiplication voir de l’éparpillement des politiques publiques en matière de santé ; des modèles normatifs qui sont au cœur de ces politiques ainsi que les éventuelles résistances à ceux-ci ; des rapports de domination qui se jouent dans les processus d’impositions/résistances aux normes de santé. D’autre part nous nous proposons d’esquisser des pistes de recherche futures qui pourraient être fécondes quant à la thématique traitée dans ce dossier, et qui s’appuient sur les propositions des chercheurs.ses du présent numéro. Enfin, nous émettons quelques réflexions épistémologiques qui nous semblent recouvrir des enjeux forts concernant l’étude des politiques publiques du corps sain.
Estudio cinético de la corrosión atmosférica de larga exposición para acero al carbono y acero galvanizado expuestos en la ciudad de Medellín (Colombia)
Authors: Montoya Alzate Diego Alejandro , Castaño González Juan Guillermo
Published: January 2024

La corrosión atmosférica es uno de los fenómenos naturales de mayor impacto en la integridad de las infraestructuras metálicas en todo el mundo y en especial en ambientes tropicales. Sin embargo; la gran mayoría de los estudios de corrosión atmosférica realizados en ambientes naturales no superan los 5 años de exposición; y son más escasos aún los estudios con resultados de 10 o más años. En este estudio se evaluó la cinética de corrosión del acero al carbono y acero galvanizado expuestos en la zona céntrica de Medellín; catalogada como un ambiente de agresividad moderada; con base en resultados obtenidos tras 1; 2; 5; 8 y 11 años de exposición. Para ambos materiales se obtuvo una ecuación cinética de corrosión mediante gráficas Log-Log de la pérdida de masa; de gran utilidad para hacer predicciones a largo plazo del deterioro de estructuras expuestas a la atmósfera. La corrosión del galvanizado fue aproximadamente entre 10 a 17 veces menor que la del acero al carbono.
Genetic Architecture of Pregnancy Loss: Co-inheritance of Risk Factors in Bosnian Women
Authors: Adler Grażyna , Adler Mateusz A. , Mahmutbegović Emir
Published: January 2024

Pregnancy-related complications (PRC) re­present a serious public health and healthcare challenge. In European countries, infertility among couples varies from 5 to 24 %. The cause of PRC may include autoimmune and metabolic factors, correctness of the karyotype and variants of selected genes. The impact magnitude of genetic variants in one of PRC, pregnancy loss (PL), is still unexplored. Therefore, in this study, raw data on 12 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that were published separately in 2017–2019 were re-examined. We analysed the co-inheritance of 12 SNPs: rs6025FV, rs429358 and rs7412ApoE, rs1799752ACE, rs1799889PAI–1, rs1799963PT, rs1801133MTHFR, rs9468 and rs1800547INV17q21.31, rs731236 and rs1544410VDR, and rs10421768HAMP. Each time, the same study group of 154 women with PL, mean age 33 (± 5.4) years, and 154 mothers without PL, mean age 31.4 (± 6.7) years, with at least one live-born child, a control group, was investigated. In Bosnian women, no relationship of the co-inheritance pattern of any of the studied variants with PL was confirmed: P was in the range 0.248–1.0. In conclusion, the role of co-inheritance of heterozygotes and homozygotes or homozygotes of selected genes in PL has not been fully confirmed.
Impact of Efficiency on Sustainability of Banks: An Empirical Study of Pakistani Banks
Authors: Malik Muhammad Sadiq , Balia Sophee Sulong Bin , Ab Rahim Rossazana Bt , Chaudhry Naveed Iqbal , Munir Waqar
Published: January 2024

Purpose: This research aims to empirically investigate the impact of efficiency on the sustainable performance of banks in Pakistan through technical efficiency (TE), pure technical efficiency (PTE), and scale efficiency (SE).  Design/Methodology/Approach: The research methodology that is adopted in this research is Census is based on the ideology of Positivism by testing an old theory with new data to draw new conclusions and new results. It uses mainly quantitative methods. This study has a novelty because a huge set of data was collected. Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) has been used to calculate relative efficiency by using the DEA method while taking fixed assets, deposits & short-term funding, and equity as inputs, whereas net income securities and loans are outputs.  Secondary data from Five years was collected for Pakistani Banks on a time series basis and analyzed using E-Views v10 to test the study’s hypothesis. Findings: The results suggest that efficiency significantly impacts the sustainable performance of banks. Pure technical efficiency has a significant impact on the sustainable performance of banks, in contrast, technical efficiency, and scale efficiency have no impact on the sustainable banks of Pakistan. Practical Implications: This paper will assist banking sector management to focus on efficiency to achieve banks' sustainability. Originality / Value: During the research process, the strands of reviewing literature show that renowned authors recommended the conduct of studies that measures the impact of efficiency on the sustainable performance of banks. This paper has a novelty in that impact of technical efficiency (TE), pure technical efficiency (PTE), and scale efficiency (SE) has also been measured on the sustainable performance of banks in one holistic unison study.
Minor head injury in anticoagulated patients: performance of biomarkers S100B, NSE, GFAP, UCH-L1 and Alinity TBI in the detection of intracranial injury. A prospective observational study
Authors: Menditto Vincenzo G. , Moretti Marco , Babini Lucia , Mattioli Annalisa , Giuliani Andres Ramon , Fratini Marina , Pallua Fabienne Yvonne , Andreoli Elisa , Nitti Cinzia , Contucci Susanna , Gabrielli Armando , Rocchi Marco Bruno Luigi , Pomponio Giovanni
Published: January 2024

Objectives

Data in literature indicate that in patients suffering a minor head injury (MHI), biomarkers serum levels could be effective to predict the absence of intracranial injury (ICI) on head CT scan. Use of these biomarkers in case of patients taking oral anticoagulants who experience MHI is very limited. We investigated biomarkers as predictors of ICI in anticoagulated patients managed in an ED.

Methods

We conducted a single-cohort, prospective, observational study in an ED. Our structured clinical pathway included a first head CT scan, 24 h observation and a second CT scan. The outcome was delayed ICI (dICI), defined as ICI on the second CT scan after a first negative CT scan. We assessed the sensitivity (SE), specificity (SP), negative predictive value (NNV) and positive predictive value (PPV) of the biomarkers S100B, NSE, GFAP, UCH-L1 and Alinity TBI in order to identify dICI.

Results

Our study population was of 234 patients with a negative first CT scan who underwent a second CT scan. The rate of dICI was 4.7 %. The NPV for the detection of dICI were respectively (IC 95 %): S100B 92.7 % (86.0–96.8 %,); ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase-L1 (UCH-L1) 91.8 % (83.8–96.6 %); glial fibrillary protein (GFP) 100 % (83.2–100 %); TBI 100 % (66.4–100 %). The AUC for the detection of dICI was 0.407 for S100B, 0.563 for neuron-specific enolase (NSE), 0.510 for UCH-L1 and 0.720 for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), respectively.

Conclusions

The NPV of the analyzed biomarkers were high and they potentially could limit the number of head CT scan for detecting dICI in anticoagulated patients suffering MHI. GFAP and Alinity TBI seem to be effective to rule out a dCI, but future trials are needed.
Should we depend on reference intervals from manufacturer package inserts? Comparing TSH and FT4 reference intervals from four manufacturers with results from modern indirect methods and the direct method
Authors: Dirks Niek F. , den Elzen Wendy P.J. , Hillebrand Jacquelien J. , Jansen Heleen I. , Boekel Edwin ten , Brinkman Jacoline , Buijs Madelon M. , Demir Ayse Y. , Dijkstra Ineke M. , Endenburg Silvia C. , Engbers Paula , Gootjes Jeannette , Janssen Marcel J.W. , Kniest-de Jong Wilhelmina H.A. , Kok Maarten B. , Kamphuis Stephan , Kruit Adrian , Michielsen Etienne , Wolthuis Albert , Boelen Anita , Heijboer Annemieke C.
Published: January 2024

Objectives

Correct interpretation of thyroid function tests relies on correct reference intervals (RIs) for thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and free thyroxine (FT4). ISO15189 mandates periodic verification of RIs, but laboratories struggle with cost-effective approaches. We investigated whether indirect methods (utilizing historical laboratory data) could replace the direct approach (utilizing healthy reference individuals) and compared results with manufacturer-provided RIs for TSH and FT4.

Methods

We collected historical data (2008–2022) from 13 Dutch laboratories to re-establish RIs by employing indirect methods, TMC (for TSH) and refineR (for FT4). Laboratories used common automated platforms (Roche, Abbott, Beckman or Siemens). Indirect RIs (IRIs) were determined per laboratory per year and clustered per manufacturer (>1.000.000 data points per manufacturer). Direct RIs (DRIs) were established in 125 healthy individuals per platform.

Results

TSH IRIs remained robust over the years for all manufacturers. FT4 IRIs proved robust for three manufacturers (Roche, Beckman and Siemens), but the IRI upper reference limit (URL) of Abbott showed a decrease of 2 pmol/L from 2015. Comparison of the IRIs and DRIs for TSH and FT4 showed close agreement using adequate age-stratification. Manufacturer-provided RIs, notably Abbott, Roche and Beckman exhibited inappropriate URLs (overall difference of 0.5–1.0 µIU/mL) for TSH. For FT4, the URLs provided by Roche, Abbott and Siemens were overestimated by 1.5–3.5 pmol/L.

Conclusions

These results underscore the importance of RI verification as manufacturer-provided RIs are often incorrect and RIs may not be robust. Indirect methods offer cost-effective alternatives for laboratory-specific or platform-specific verification of RIs.
On the integral Hodge conjecture for real abelian threefolds
Authors: de Gaay Fortman Olivier
Published: January 2024

We prove the real integral Hodge conjecture for several classes of real abelian threefolds. For instance, we prove the property for real abelian threefolds whose real locus is connected, and for real abelian threefoldsAwhich are the productA=B×E{A=B\times E}of an abelian surfaceBand an elliptic curveEwith connected real locusE⁢(ℝ){E(\mathbb{R})}. Moreover, we show that every real abelian threefold satisfies the real integral Hodge conjecture modulo torsion, and reduce the principally polarized case to the Jacobian case.
Building an Annotated L1 Arabic/L2 English Bilingual Writer Corpus: The Qatari Corpus of Argumentative Writing (QCAW)
Authors: Ahmed Abdelhamid M. , Zhang Xiao , Rezk Lameya M. , Zaghouani Wajdi
Published: January 2024

The study presents the creation of the Qatari Corpus of Argumentative Writing (QCAW) as an annotated L1 Arabic and L2 English bilingual writer corpus. It comprises 200,000 tokens of argumentative writing by Qatari university students in L1 Arabic and L2 English. The corpus includes 195 essays written by 195 students, 159 females and 36 males. The students were native Arabic speakers proficient in English as a second language. The corpus is divided into Arabic and English sections, accompanied by part-of-speech annotated files in UTF-8 encoded text format. Metadata in CSV format contains information about the students (gender, major, first and second languages) and the essays (text serial numbers, word limits, genre, writing date, time spent, and location). The current study outlines the steps for collecting and analysing the corpus, including details on essay writers, topic selection, pre-analysis text modifications, proficiency level, gender, and major ratings. Statistical analyses were applied to examine the corpus. The QCAW offers a valuable bilingual data source authored by the same students in Arabic and English, with implications for further research.
Investigation of mechanical and tribological performance of wood dust reinforced epoxy composite under dry, wet and heated contact condition
Authors: Paul Rajdeep , Bhowmik Sumit
Published: January 2024

Natural fibers have received a lot of attention from academia as well as industry in the context of sustainable materials. Since they are more environmentally friendly than traditional synthetic materials, their physico-mechanical and frictional properties such as porosity, moisture absorption, high strength, modulus, toughness, and wear resistivity make them appropriate for a variety of industrialized applications where issues involving a significant quantity of dumping must be taken into account. The paper introduces an attempt to use epoxy-based composites reinforced with wood dust for various applications. The composites are prepared with various wood filler stacks (0, 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10, and 12.5 wt%) embedded with epoxy resin and subjected to tensile and flexural testing. The highest ultimate tensile strength achieved at 7.5 wt% wood dust support is 22 MPa, whereas the highest flexural modulus is 0.48 GPa at 12.5 wt% composites. The composite’s wear properties is examined under dry, wet, and heated contact conditions using a pin-on-disk (POD) machine. In dry condition, coefficient of friction (COF) varies from 0.10 to 0.38 whereas, in wet condition, the value of COF decreased by 70–83 %. In heated state, the COF is increased by up to 15 % when varying the temperature from 40 °C to 80 °C. The composite exhibits better wear behavior in the lower filler support than in the higher filler support due to the sturdy connection between the matrix and filler. On the other hand, the wet state’s tribological performance is superior to the dry and heated states. During surface morphology analysis, it is found that various voids, crack formation, wear debris, and thin transfer layer formation take place on the composite.
Multidimensional quantitative characterization of basal cell carcinoma by spectral- and time-resolved two-photon microscopy
Authors: Guo Fangyin , Lin Fangrui , Shen Binglin , Wang Shiqi , Li Yanping , Guo Jiaqing , Chen Yongqiang , Liu Yuqing , Lu Yuan , Hu Rui , He Jun , Liao Changrui , Wang Yiping , Qu Junle , Liu Liwei
Published: January 2024

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is a common type of skin cancer. Conventional approaches to BCC diagnosis often involve invasive histological examinations that can distort or even destroy information derived from the biomolecules in the sample. Therefore, a non-invasive, label-free examination method for the clinical diagnosis of BCC represents a critical advance. This study combined spectral- and time-resolved two-photon microscopy with a spectral phasor to extract rich biochemical information describing macroscopic tumor morphology and microscopic tumor metabolism. The proposed optical imaging technique achieved the rapid and efficient separation of tumor structures in systematic research conducted on normal and BCC human skin tissues. The results demonstrate that a combination of multidimensional data (e.g., fluorescence intensity, spectrum, and lifetime) with a spectral phasor can accurately identify tumor boundaries and achieve rapid separation. This label-free, real-time, multidimensional imaging technique serves as a complement to the conventional tumor diagnostic toolbox and demonstrates significant potential for the early diagnosis of BCC and wider applications in intraoperative auxiliary imaging.
Motivated signs and multimodal analysis in Gunther Kress’s semiotics
Authors: Hodge Bob
Published: January 2024

This article addresses the issue of motivated signs in semiotic theory and practice. It examines two influential versions of the term, Saussure’s and Kress’s, focussing on and triggered by Kress’s influence. It claims Kress’s importance lies not so much in theory as such, as in his analytic practice, multimodal analysis, as underpinned by this theory. Accordingly, it deploys a version of this practice on Kress as he is ‘doing theory’. It uses his late work Multimodality (Kress, Gunther. 2010. Multimodality. London: Bloomsbury) as the main source of examples of theory and objects of analysis, and applies a similar approach to Saussure. The outcome is a theoretically-informed corpus including many examples of motivated signs in use. From this empirical corpus the article makes some indicative generalizations about the role of these signs in semiotic practice. It shows how pervasive these signs are, and how important these are for analysis. It connects them with a crucial but under-researched aspect of all social uses of meaning, the modality meta-function (checking validity/modality of all semiotic acts), in which motivated signs play an essential role. It reveals a more complex Saussure, more complementary to Kress, and enables more powerful multimodal analyses of social meanings and functions of text and talk.
An Ecological Restoration Experiment on a High School Campus
Authors: Alexander Helen M. , Schwarting Julie , Betson Naomi
Published: January 2024

We established a tallgrass prairie restoration experiment on a high school campus in Kansas. This easily accessible natural environment provides students and teachers many options including scientific research, artistic ventures, or simply relaxing in nature. Our restoration project has four main objectives: (1) practicing science; (2) increasing prairie habitat; (3) fostering a sense of place by getting students outside; and (4) facilitating community collaboration. Here, we present an overview of our restoration as a general model that is adaptable for a variety of ecosystems and circumstances.
Introducing Bioethics
Authors: Zhong Lichao , Yang Peijing , Jin Hui , Li Motao , Wang Yin , Shen Jie
Published: January 2024

The announcement of world’s first genome-edited babies using CRISPR/Cas 9 has provoked shock around the world. The popular technique has allowed great scientific and medical advances, but it also raises scientific ethical issues. Therefore, we attempted to design a new pattern of class to help students understand both the technical principles of this cutting-edge genome-editing technique and to explore key controversies in its use, so as to cultivate students’ concept of scientific ethics. The students’ feedback showed that the organization of the class and resulting discussion were very successful. This class session helped students understand both the abstract technical concepts involved in CRISPR-Cas 9 gene editing and about the scientific and medical ethics of its use. Our experiences show a helpful way for the teacher to improve students’ interest, namely by connecting new scientific/technical breakthroughs to cultural events and scientific ethics.
Simulating the Selective Effect of Antibiotics on Bacteria
Authors: Wen Jing , Yang Fangzhong , Che Meihua
Published: January 2024

Antibiotic resistance has become one of the major public health threats of the 21st century. Bacteria serve as an excellent model organism, allowing scientists to study evolution in a short amount of time. There are many misconceptions among students regarding the emergence of bacterial resistance. Conducting experiments on the selective effects of antibiotics on bacteria in high school biology teaching can provide students with a more intuitive understanding of natural selection. This study designs a set of simulation activities: representing antibiotic resistance genes with letters and simulating the degree of antibiotic resistance with numbers. It simulates bacterial reproduction under no antibiotic pressure, in an antibiotic environment, and in a high-dose antibiotic environment. The simulation activity describes the significance of antibiotic resistance to health care while allowing students to better understand the directional role of natural selection in biological evolution and to dispel common misconceptions surrounding the mechanisms of antibiotic resistance.
From Familiarity to Fragility
Authors: Garland Joshua
Published: January 2024

Space, and embodied movement through it, produces place meanings and senses of belonging as individual and environment act upon each other. This co-constitution, however, remains changeable over time with each new or repeated experience. Following an autoethnographic walk around an Italian city, this article charts how passage through and between different parts of the city can evoke often consistent yet sometimes challenging understandings of place and one’s position within it. In so doing, six “zones” of belonging are identified, each accompanied by various thoughts, feelings, and memories as they are navigated on foot. The importance of passage through place in building a knowledge of both place and self is therefore highlighted. Facilitated by reflections upon visual materials collected during the walk, this knowledge and associated feelings are shown to be changeable across neighboring spaces. Moreover, such change is experienceable even within the same space over time as previously hidden yet nonetheless existing entities become visible to the individual for the first or successive times. This tension between absence and presence may thereby result in disruptive shocks and fragility that alter everyday place interactions and belongingness. This can include decisions around how once familiar spaces are subsequently navigated or subject to recollection on the basis of shifting knowledges and expectations that result.
The Elephant in My Head
Authors: Roscoe Rikki A.
Published: January 2024

This layered account uses personal experience to expand understanding of communicatively managing courtesy stigma, which remains a curiously understudied phenomenon in the communication discipline. Specifically, the author draws on courtesy stigma, closeting theory, stigma management communication, and communication privacy management to help interpret and make meaning out of experiences related to parental alcohol abuse. The vignettes provide an alternative understanding of stigma management and disclosure processes.