bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparative analysis of maternal mortality indices in Perm Krai over the past 20 years
Authors: Padrul M. M. , Cherkasova E. V. , Skryabina V. V. , Berseneva S. N.
Published: December 2018

Aim. To compare the maternal mortality (MM) indices in Perm Krai with MM indices in the Russian Federation (RF) and Privolzhskiy Federal District over the past 20 years.

Materials and methods. On the basis of official statistical data, intensive indices and image indices, mean multiyear MM indices, 95 % confidence intervals, median, 25 and 75 percentile indices were calculated. The mean multiyear indices are presented as M (mean value) ± SD (standard deviation).

Results. According to official statistical data, the mean multiyear (1997–2016) indices of MM coefficient in Perm Krai tend to decline, but they do not reliably differ from the analogous indices in RF. During the last 20 years, there was noted a steady and obvious decrease in MM index on the territory of Perm Krai, especially marked for the last 2 years (2015–2016) that resulted in appearance of statistically significant differences regarding this index in Perm Krai compared to these indices in RF as a whole.

Conclusions. Perm Krai is a rather favorable region as far as rendering of medical aid to pregnant, parturient women and puerperas is concerned.
El efecto de las cláusulas penales en las decisiones de incumplimiento. Un análisis bajo la economía conductual
Authors: Gaviria Juan Antonio
Published: December 2018

Este artículo muestra cómo la economía conductual y específicamente las investigaciones empíricas basadas en sus teorías permiten analizar figuras tradicionales del derecho privado desde nuevas perspectivas. De acuerdo con este enfoque, se presenta una investigación que explica por qué los países del civil law imponen límites a las cláusulas penales y también cómo las cláusulas penales de bajo monto pueden incentivar incumplimientos contractuales. El artículo propone asimismo un experimento sobre cláusulas penales y presenta sus resultados. Como conclusión, se consideran otros temas de derecho privado cuyo análisis también podría enriquecerse con el aporte de la economía conductual.
La autonomía de la persona menor de edad en la toma de decisiones sobre su propio cuerpo: cambios normativos en Argentina
Authors: Carranza Gonzalo Gabriel , Zalazar Claudia Elizabeth
Published: December 2018

La reforma (y unificación) del código civil y comercial de Argentina en 2015 trajo aparejada una serie de cambios de notoria trascendencia, como aquellos que refieren a nuevas regulaciones sobre la capacidad de las personas menores. La norma, ahora, establece diversos grados que se desarrollan acorde al principio de capacidad progresiva, atendiendo al interés superior de los niños, niñas y adolescentes. Este trabajo pretende analizar dichos cambios desde la óptica de las decisiones que estas personas pueden tomar sobre su propio cuerpo. El objetivo es poner de manifiesto no solo los desafíos normativos que suponen, sino también los de carácter ético y judicial.
PREDICTING BALTIC DRY INDEX WITH LEADING INDICATORS
Authors: ŞAHAN Duygu , MEMİŞOĞLU Reha , BAŞER Sadık Özlen
Published: December 2018

The Baltic Dry Index (BDI) is issued by the Baltic Exchange on a daily
basis and it signals for the average cost of shipping raw materials on a number
of shipping routes. Baltic Dry Index is considered by both the private and
public authorities as an important indicator for freight rates, international
trade and economic activity. Conducting a long-term prediction for dry bulk
indices is challenging due to the high volatility of the dry bulk freight
market; therefore, a linear prediction spanning a shorter time period offers
both greater accuracy and can be used as a tool for speculation. The goal of
this paper is to form a linear benchmark model through Box-Jenkins approach
including explanatory variables selected rigorously to forecast Baltic Dry
Index. Using monthly data between January 2010 and June 2017, the analysis
results point out an ARIMAX (10,1,0) model with spot prices of gold and silver,
United States 10-year bond yield and commodity price index composed of
minerals, ores and metals.
Auriculoterapia e gestantes... Há motivos para receio?
Authors: Neves Tiago Veloso
Published: December 2018

Auriculoterapia é um método terapêutico oriundo da Medicina Tradicional Chinesa que consiste no estímulo do pavilhão auricular, podendo esse estímulo ser realizado por meio da aplicação de agulhas, esferas, magnetos, calor, laser ou sangrias. A Auriculoterapia é uma abordagem chinesa, mas com grande contribuição de Paul Nogier, que colaborou para o mapeamento e concepção de representação somatotópica da orelha nos pontos de auriculoterapia, ou acupontos da orelha. Existe muito receio por parte de diversos profissionais acerca da aplicação da Auriculoterapia em gestantes. Segundo esses profissionais, a Auriculoterapia pode ser, de maneira completa ou parcial, abortiva e trazer complicações para a gestação. Em consulta aos artigos científicos publicados na área, observou-se que há estudos que tiveram de 89 a 157 participantes. Alguns deles apresentaram resultados estatisticamente significativos a favor da Auriculoterapia. Outros apresentaram resultado positivos, mas não significativos. Contudo, nenhum deles referiu um único caso de aborto em decorrência da aplicação deste método. Portanto, qual fundamento sustenta o receio dos profissionais?
PROBLEMS OF REALIZATION AND THE PROSPECTS OF THE PROOFS DISCLOSURE PRINCIPLE DEVELOPMENT IN CIVIL LEGAL PROCEDURE
Authors: Salmanidina A.S.
Published: December 2018

We consider the principle of proofs disclosure in civil procedure, the issues of its implementation and prospects of development. The significance and manifestation of this proof principle at the preparation stage of the case for trial are studied in detail. The importance of this principle for ensuring equality of the parties in the context of information openness of the judicial process, as well as the possibility of combating abuses committed by the process participants, in cases where the decisive proof can be presented “suddenly” for other participants. The problems of legal regulation of proofs disclosure are analyzed, it is proposed to establish as one of the tasks of preparing the case for trial the advance proofs disclosure by the persons involved in the case, which is to present them to each other before the end of the preparation of the case for trial. The concept, stages and forms of disclosure of evidence are defined, the interrelation of the principle of proof with the general principles of civil procedure is considered. Using the practice of preliminary interrogation as a form of proofs disclosure at the preparation stage of the case for trial, which can be an effective way to advance acquaintance with the evidence presented in the case. It is concluded that in the civil procedural legislation it is advisable to fix in detail the concept, procedure, forms of proofs disclosure and the consequences of their non-compliance by people involved in the case.
CONSTITUTIONAL RESPONSIBILITY DETERMINATION AS A LEGAL RESPONSIBILITY TYPE: ON THE ISSUE STATEMENT
Authors: Sadokhina N.E.
Published: December 2018

The relevance of the research topic is due to the uncertainty of the provision of constitutional responsibility in the system of legal responsibility types. The study purpose is to the legal nature analysis of constitutional and legal responsibility, allowing it to be viewed as a form of legal responsibility. The conducted research is based on general scientific analysis methods, deduction, and also private law – the formal legal method. So, on the basis of the analysis of the current legislation and law-enforcement practice, we conclude that the political and legal nature of constitutional responsibility is special. On the one hand, it is a form of legal responsibility and is applied to subjects of constitutional responsibility in cases provided for by constitutional norms. On the other hand, it helps to regulate relations that arise in the sphere of public administration, ensure the stability of the functioning of the state apparatus. It is established that this feature explains also the fact that constitutional responsibility can occur not only in case of an offense, but also in case of lawful behavior. It is determined that for consideration of the constitutional responsibility as a special kind of legal responsibility it is necessary to introduce a special procedural order of calling to account, including in particular the procedure for appealing the dissolution of the State Duma, giving the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation the powers to consider such cases. And it is also necessary to fix a list of circumstances that may form the basis for a decision on mistrust in the Constitution of the Russian Federation. The conclusion is made that these legislative changes will underline the specificity of constitutional and legal responsibility and leave no doubt about its status as a kind of legal responsibility.
PROBLEMS OF LEGAL REGULATION OF CRIMINAL RESPONSIBILITY FOR TRANSPORT SECURITY REQUIREMENTS VIOLATION
Authors: Larina L.Y.
Published: December 2018

The study of the problems of legislative regulation of criminal responsibility for transport security requirements violation is due to the necessity to ensure it as part of national security. The purpose of the study is to identify the shortcomings of the legislative structure of article 263.1 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, preventing its effective application in practice, and suggest ways to overcome them. In the research on the basis of comparison of the content of article 263.1 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation with the norms of the Federal Law “On transport security” and Decrees of the government of the Russian Federation analyzed some blank signs of transport security requirements violation. In the study we identify deficiencies of the legislative construction of article 263.1 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, the necessity of its correction, and formulate proposals for changing the individual characteristics and the sanctions of article 263.1 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. In particular we discuss the proposal to change the sanctions of part 1 of article 263.1 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation in connection with the inconsistency with the sanction of part 1 of article 118 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. In addition, it is proposed to expand the range of subjects of crime under part 2 of article 263.1 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation.
Identifikasi Faktor Keikutsertaan Akseptor Tubektomi Kota Surabaya di klinik PKBI Jawa Timur
Authors: Grestanti Lidia , Fitriyah Nurul
Published: December 2018

Tubectomy is one of  the family planning method in Indonesia. Family Planning service can be performed in many health services. One of them is in Planned Parenthood Federation of Indonesia (PPFI) clinic. According to Indonesian Health Ministry data (2013) reported that the coverage of Tubectomy method only 1.52%. The effectivity of Tubectomy is 99%. Many benefit from using Tubectomy method but its coverage in Indonesia is low. The purpose of research is to identify participation factors of Tubectomy acceptor in Surabaya on PPFI clinic. Design of this research is using descriptive research method. The population of this research is woman that do Tubectomy in PPFI clinic of East Java on September 2017. There are 46 peoples for this research population. Sampling technic is population total. Variables are sociodemography factor, such as age, education, last child age, alive children and health factor which is contraception method and blood pressure. Result analized using descriptive statistic. The result showed that sociodemography factor in Tubectomy acceptor with high result were age that pass childbearing age (35–39 year) is 41%, education level in Senior High School (52%), having 3–4 children (57%), their last child age is 0–5 years old (74%).Many woman in Hypertension level I their last family planning method was injection 8 peoples in total.
Hubungan Tingkat Pengetahuan dengan Perilaku Konsumsi Tablet Fe saat Menstruasi pada Mahasiswi FKM UNAIR Surabaya
Authors: Izzani Rohmanur
Published: December 2018

Anemia is one of the health problems in the world especially in developing countries and it is estimated that 30% of the world population suffers from anemia. Anemia is one of the health problems that often occur in pregnant women and young women. According to WHO (2013), the prevalence of anemia in the world reaches 40–88%. According to Riskesdas (2013) got anemia patients in adolescent girls amounted to 2.7%. One cause of high rates of anemia in adolescent girls is the lack of awareness of consumption of Fe tablets during menstruation. Consciousness of Fe tablet consumption during menstruation can not be separated from information and knowledge, because of knowledge is one of several factors that influence one's consumption behavior. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between knowledge with adolescent attitudes about consumption of Fe tablet during menstruation on students of Faculty of Public Health Unair Surabaya. This research was analytic with cross sectional approach. The samples were 50 respondents taken by simple random sampling technique. The instrument used a questionnaire. The result of this research was chi-square statistic test with significance level α = 0,05 or 95%. Statistical test results obtained p value = 1 < α = 0.05. The conclusion of this research is that there is no significant relationship of knowledge with attitude of Fe tablet consumption during menstruation on students of Faculty of Public Health Unair Surabaya.
O ensino da leitura e da escrita: desafios do PNAIC
Authors: Fernandes Priscila Dantas , Souza Verônica Dos Reis Mariano
Published: December 2018

Este texto apresenta as dificuldades encontradas pelos alunos e professores alfabetizadores em sala de aula no ensino da Língua Portuguesa. Para isso, nos questionamos: que dificuldades enfrentaram os professores e seus alunos dos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental de um município em Sergipe, no processo de ensino e aprendizagem em Língua Portuguesa? Realizamos uma pesquisa qualitativa, mediante entrevistas semiestruturadas, com orientadores de estudo e professores alfabetizadores de um município, durante algumas formações ocorridas em 2015. A alfabetização é um dos momentos mais importantes na vida escolar de uma criança, pois é quando se pode acentuar o gosto pela leitura. Dessa forma, constitui-se na aprendizagem de práticas, usos e funções da leitura e da escrita.
Gêneros textuais na alfabetização: explorando poemas e cordéis
Authors: Rodrigues Ana Cristina Da Silva , Paiva Lisiane Fernanda De Moraes Guilardi
Published: December 2018

O presente artigo tem como objetivo reafirmar a importância da leitura em sala de aula, através do desenvolvimento do trabalho com diferentes gêneros textuais, dando destaque aos poemas e cordéis de artistas locais. Para compreender como ocorre este trabalho em sala de aula, foi realizado um estudo de caso com aplicação de questionários com os professores titulares das turmas de anos iniciais, além do suporte bibliográfico para a análise do tema. Os dados coletados foram analisados através da análise de conteúdo. Como conclusões se destacam a realização de poucos trabalhos com artistas locais, além da necessidade da revisão do trabalho com poemas e cordéis no processo de alfabetização com propostas de formação docente.
Linguagem escrita na educação infantil: produções apresentadas na Anped (2000-2017)
Authors: Rodrigues Sílvia Adriana , Sambugari Márcia Regina Do Nascimento
Published: December 2018

Neste artigo abordamos a linguagem escrita no contexto da Educação Infantil, especificamente a questão de ser adequado ou não alfabetizar nesse momento. Em estudo do tipo bibliográfico, realizamos um levantamento da produção apresentada nas reuniões nacionais da Associação Nacional de Pós-Gra-duação e Pesquisa em Educação (ANPEd), no período compreendido entre os anos de 2000 a 2017, que tratasse da temática. Foram então selecionados nove textos, cuja análise levou à constatação de um consenso de que deve haver o trabalho com linguagem escrita no nível de ensino em questão; no entanto, os argumentos para tal ponto de vista se dividem em duas vertentes: uma em defesa da prática da alfabetização e outra pelo trabalho por meio do letramento.
Distribution, Habitat Preference, and Management of the Invasive Ambrosia Beetle Xylosandrus germanus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Scolytinae) in European Forests with Emphasis on the West Carpathians
Authors: Galko Juraj , Dzurenko Marek , Ranger Christopher M. , Kulfan Ján , Kula Emanuel , Nikolov Christo , Zúbrik Milan , Zach Peter
Published: December 2018

The black timber bark beetle Xylosandrus germanus (Blandford) is an invasive ambrosia beetle originating from Southeastern Asia that has become successfully established within Europe and North America. Herein, we provide a review of the spread and distribution of this pest of trees and timber across Europe before and after 2000, along with a review of its habitat preferences. Since the spread of X. germanus across Europe has accelerated rapidly post-2000, emphasis is placed on this period. X. germanus was first recorded in Germany in 1951 and since then in 21 European countries along with Russia. Ethanol-baited traps were deployed in oak, beech, and spruce forest ecosystems in the Western Carpathians, Central Europe, Slovakia, to characterize the distribution and habitat preference of this non-native ambrosia beetle. Captures of X. germanus within Slovakia have been rising rapidly since its first record in 2010, and now this species dominates captures of native ambrosia beetles. X. germanus has spread throughout the whole Slovakia from the south-southwest to the north-northeast over the period of 5–10 years and has also spread vertically into higher altitudes within this country. While living but weakened trees in Europe and North America are attacked by X. germanus, the greatest negative impact within Slovakia is attacks on recently felled logs of oak, beech and spruce trees providing high quality timber/lumber. We suggest that the recent rapid spread of X. germanus in Central Europe is being facilitated by environmental changes, specifically global warming, and the increasing frequency of timber trade. Recommendations for management of X. germanus in forest ecosystems are proposed and discussed, including early detection, monitoring, sanitary measures, etc.
The management of On-the-job training through web-based application at Vocational High School (SMK) in network computer engineering majors
Authors: Suryono Tito , Wibawanto Hari , Samsudi Samsudi
Published: December 2018

Multiple system education in SMK through On-the-job training is an effort to increase graduate quality in industrial capability. The stages of this research are data collection stage (introduction), system development stage, and evaluation phase (testing). This study, which is research and development, aims to know the feasibility and practicality of the design of web-based applications.

The research was conducted at State Vocational High School (SMK Negeri) Jumantono Karanganyar particularly in majors of network computer engineering which involved 12 students of small trial group and 109 students of large-scale test.

The data collection method used was observation, documentation, and questionnaire. The data obtained were then analyzed by descriptive analysis technique. The result of black box test done by using 43 items was in accordance with its function. The application expert's validation of this research was 88% meaning that it was very reasonable criteria. Meanwhile, the validation of substance was 89% meaning that it was very feasible
The result of the usability test for the small-scale group was 68% then, it was improved and tested on a large scale that resulted 85% and was considered as practical. Thus, it can be concluded that the development of web-based On-the-job training management applications is very feasible and practical to be used On-the-job training management in SMK. It is suggested that the use of On-the-job training applications must be intensified.
Implementation of Scratch Application to Improve Learning Outcomes and Student Motivation on Basic Programming Subjects
Authors: Permatasari Lutfi , Yuana Rosihan Ari , Maryono Dwi
Published: December 2018

This study aims to improve learning outcomes and student motivation on Basic Programming Learning by utilizing the Scratch application.

Research begins with identifying problems that occur in the classroom. Then designed an action to overcome it in an action cycle. In this study giving of the action takes place in two cycles. Each cycle consists of planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. In cycle 1, learning is implemented using problem-based learning model, while in cycle 2 using project-based learning. The technique of data collection is done through comprehension test, observation of learning activity, assignment of a portfolio, and interview to students and related teacher. Data analysis was done using quantitative and qualitative interactive analysis techniques.
The results showed that the use of Scratch application can improve learning outcomes and student motivation. This is indicated by the percentage of the student’s learning outcomes completeness by 25.7% in pre-cycle, 71.4% in cycle 1, and 94.3% in cycle 2. While the percentage of student motivation is 40.3% in pre-cycle, 75.1% in cycle 1, and 83.9% on cycle 2.
Gamers' Experience on Incidental Language Learning by Playing Defense of the Ancient 2
Authors: Hapsari Astri , Sari Rr Putri Intan Permata , Rais Burhanudin
Published: December 2018

As information and communication technology (ICT) plays more important role in recent years, the use of ICT tools and media is more common in learning language. One of ICT media  that is promising for language learning is online games because they facilitate incidental language learning as they inherently form part of reading, listening, speaking, and writing. This case study aims to investigate the opinion of gamers about the use of online game Defense of the Ancient 2 (DoTA 2) to learn language. Data were collected through field observation, semi-structured interview, and documentation. Two participants were interviewed.  The findings of this research is that DoTA 2 supports incidental English language learning because it is easy to use and understand the langauge in the game platform;  the content encourages gamers to use English so that gamers learn new vocabularies and practice their English reading skill while playing; the social interaction through chat room and voice chat in planning strategies encorage gamers to communicate in English; the enjoyment from the motivation to win the game makes gamers practice English in team strategy discussion. However, DoTA 2 only focuses on the action of strategies to win the game rather than intended interaction to learn language.
The Effects of Online Peer Tutoring on First-Year Undergraduate Students’ English Grammar Achievement
Authors: Watcharapunyawong Somchai
Published: December 2018

The purposes of this research were to study the effects of online peer tutoring on the first-year undergraduate students’ English grammar achievement and to examine their satisfaction towards an online peer tutoring process. The sample used in this study consisted of 53 first-year English major students, registered for the course of English Structure 2 in Semester 2/2017. The research instruments used for data collection were pre-and post-tests, a questionnaire with a reliability of 0.84, and a semi-structured interview. The obtained quantitative data were analyzed by mean, percentage, standard deviation, and paired sample t-test, while the students’ answers from the interview were analyzed based on the qualitative analytical methods. The results  showed that the students’ English grammar achievement was significantly improved at the .01 level after the process of online peer tutoring covering five compulsory grammar points in the course syllabus, comprising conditional clause, indirect speech, causative form, transitional words, and subjunctive mood. Besides, the students’ satisfaction towards the online peer tutoring process was overall rated at a very high level as it, compared to in-class activities and a traditional teaching method, more apparently helped promote not only students’ grammatical knowledge retention, sense of responsibility, and genuine collaboration with classmates but also their motivation and confidence in using English for daily communication.
Avaliação ambiental estratégica no setor elétrico brasileiro: um estudo de potencialidade
Authors: Hoffmann Alessandra Schwertner , Cardoso Junior Ricardo Abranches Felix
Published: December 2018

DestaquesA Avaliação Ambiental Estratégica (AAE) possibilita uma visão abrangente das implicações ambientais e sociais de propostas de Planos, Políticas e Programas (PPP) aplicadas a diversas atividades setoriais. No Brasil, é possível identificar gargalos associados ao planejamento do setor elétrico, principalmente em relação ao processo de licenciamento ambiental. Assim, há potencial significativo para aplicação de AAE neste contexto, desde que sejam consideradas as características brasileiras de desenvolvimento.ObjetivosO objetivo deste artigo é identificar e avaliar como ocorre a inclusão da variável ambiental no planejamento do setor elétrico brasileiro e, então, verificar a aplicabilidade da AAE no âmbito deste planejamento. MetodologiaPara o desenvolvimento deste trabalho, utilizou-se a metodologia de pesquisa bibliográfica de abordagem qualitativa. Especificamente, foram consultadas publicações existentes, como artigos científicos, monografias, dissertações, teses e publicações oficiais. Destaca-se a utilização do “Guia de boas práticas para Avaliação Ambiental Estratégica - orientações metodológicas” e o “Plano Decenal de Expansão de Energia 2024”.ResultadosO principal resultado alcançado por este trabalho foi o desenvolvimento de formas de adaptação da AAE no Brasil, a partir de considerações sobre as singularidades da realidade brasileira em cada estágio de desenvolvimento da AAE. Com base nesta adaptação, concluiu-se que a AAE pode contribuir significativamente para um processo decisório ambiental e sustentável no planejamento do setor elétrico brasileiro, inclusive sanando gargalos do licenciamento ambiental.Limitações da InvestigaçãoO principal limitante da pesquisa e seus resultados é a subjetividade dos processos políticos de planejamento no país, os quais impactam diretamente nos estágios de desenvolvimento da AAE.Implicações PráticasO estudo identifica real potencial de AAE no Brasil, e apresenta direcionamentos e recomendações para a criação de um modelo brasileiro de AAE no setor elétrico.Originalidade/ValorO artigo traz recomendações para adaptação de uma metodologia de AAE aplicável ao setor elétrico brasileiro, considerando suas singularidades.
Logística reversa dos resíduos de equipamentos eletroeletrônicos de pós-consumo na cidade de Teresina
Authors: Do Nascimento Franciwellington Barros , Da Silva Yasmin Batista Ramos , Lima Leandra Silvestre da Silva , Santos Maria do Socorro Ferreira dos
Published: December 2018

Com a globalização e o avanço acelerado das tecnologias, é cada vez mais fácil adquirir aparelhos eletroeletrônicos, acarretando produtos obsoletos que são, por consequência, descartados por seus proprietários. O descarte dos resíduos eletroeletrônicos tem se tornado um problema socioambiental cada vez mais grave, pois eles possuem em sua composição metais pesados que são altamente nocivos ao meio ambiente e à saúde humana. A pesquisa buscou investigar a logística reversa dos resíduos de equipamentos eletroeletrônicos de pós-consumo na cidade de Teresina, Piauí, tendo como base legal a Lei nº 12.305/2010. A pesquisa é de caráter exploratório, não probabilístico, qualitativo e quantitativo. Os dados necessários foram coletados, no período de janeiro a julho de 2017, por meio de uma pesquisa de campo, através da aplicação de 60 questionários fechados, com sete perguntas objetivas, junto à população, cuja amostra foi escolhida de maneira aleatória, considerando diferentes bairros do município. Também foram aplicadas entrevistadas semiestruturas com empresas que recebem esse tipo de resíduo e, em seguida, com as empresas especializadas no processo de logística reversa dos resíduos de equipamentos eletroeletrônicos (REEE), uma localizada na cidade de São Paulo, SP e outra na cidade de Recife, PE. Os resultados evidenciaram que a população manifesta interesse quanto ao descarte ambientalmente adequado desse tipo de resíduo, porém, a maioria continua realizando-o de forma inadequada. As empresas locais realizam a coleta e o descarte adequados, enviando posteriormente à empresa especializada na manufatura dos resíduos de equipamentos eletroeletrônicos em Recife, PE. A cidade de Teresina avança na gestão dos REEE, mas ainda carece de divulgação e participação de empresas e órgãos públicos para que a população possa estar se conscientizando e se responsabilizando pelo processo de descarte ambientalmente adequado desse tipo de resíduo.
Analisa Efisiensi Economizer Terhadap Boiler (Gas Dan Solar) Di PT. Spindo III, Tbk
Authors: Ainun Finus , Jamaaluddin Jamaaluddin
Published: December 2018

The role of boiler machines at PT. SPINDO in the galvanize pipe production process is very important, where the steam produced by the fire tube boiler machine is directly distributed into the blow system for the cleaning of the remaining galvanic in the pipe and heating the water for pipe washing. To determine the efficiency of the boiler, a direct method is used to analyze the efficiency of boiler machines and indirect methods as a way of calculating the amount of efficiency if an economizer is installed. The efficiency of diesel-fueled boilers using the direct method yields an average yield of 40.7% (forty point seven percent) and 45.84% (forty five point eighty four percent) for gas-fired boilers. However, by using an indirect method, efficiency if installed economizer is obtained at 85.55% (eighty five point fifty five percent) for diesel-fueled boilers with a capacity of 5 tons and 81.76% (eighty one point seventy six percent) of the efficiency of a gas-fired boiler with a capacity of 2 (two) tons. Efficiency improvements can also be done in many ways, including maintenance of a good and scheduled boiler machine for good boiler feed water treatment.
Assessment of PMTCT Success Rates Based on Antiretroviral Interventions and Feeding Options: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Fasakin Kolawole A. , Omisakin Christopher T. , Adebara Idowu O. , Ajetunmobi Wasiu A. , Adeniyi Adebayo A. , Esan Ayodele J. , Bolaji Olufunke B. , Ajayi Oluwafemi D. , Afe Abayomi J.
Published: December 2018

Background: The success of any prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) program is assessed by the proportion of HIV-exposed infants that sero-convert at the end of all risk exposures. Although adopting the best feeding option for HIV-exposed infants is one of the factors that impact PMTCT outcomes, there is limited data on the assessment of PMTCT success rates based on antiretroviral interventions and feeding options. This study assesses the success rate of PMTCT service based on antiretroviral interventions and feeding options.

Methods: Eighty-five HIV-infected mothers previously in care were enrolled in a prospective cohort study. Folders and structured questionnaires were used to extract data on mother-infant pair and the first CD4, count of infected mothers on enrolment at PMTCT clinic. Dry blood spot samples were obtained from exposed infants for early infant diagnosis. Results were analyzed using the SPSS software.

Results: The mean age of enrolled mothers was 31.3 ± 4.4 years, and an average CD4+ T-lymphocyte count of 368.6 ± 216.2 cells/µl. Seven (8.2%) of the HIV-exposed infants were positive for HIV-1 based on early infant diagnosis results. Overall PMTCT success rate (PMTCTSR) was 91.8%. HIV-1 prevalence of 5.0%, 0% and 21.1% was found among infants of patients who opted for breastfeeding, replacement feeding, and mixed feeding respectively thus yielding PMTCT success rates of 95%, 100% and 78.9%. Pediatric antiretroviral interventions success rates in HIV-exposed infants was 95.8%, 80.0% and 66.7% based on age groups ? 6 months, > 6 ? 12 months, and > 12 ? 18 months respectively.

Conclusion and Global Health Implications: Quality PMTCT service is vital for successful prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV. Implementation of more dynamic approaches such as adherence to option B+ guidelines in PMTCT service in our settings can further reduce mother-to-child transmission of HIV and improve outcomes.

Key words: Assessment, Antiretroviral Interventions, PMTCT, Success Rates, Feeding Options, Cohort

 

Copyright © 2018 Fasakin et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Intraoperative flurbiprofen alters the expression of PD-1, a molecule of immune checkpoint pathway, in patients undergoing elective thoracoscope resection of lung cancer: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Hu Jicheng , Chai Xiaoqing , Wang Di , Shu Shuhua , Magnussen Costan , Xie Lixia , Hu Shanshan
Published: December 2018

Background: This study aimed to determine the influence of intraoperative use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) flurbiprofen on postoperative level of programmed death 1 (PD-1) in patients undergoing thoracoscope surgery.
Methods: In this prospective double-blind trial, patients were randomized to receive intralipid (Control group, n=34, 0.1ml/kg, i.v.) or flurbiprofen axetil (Flurbiprofen group, n=34, 1mg/kg, i.v.) before the induction of anesthesia and 6 hours after the initial injection. PD-1 level on T-cell subsets, inflammation and immune markers in peripheral blood were examined before induction of anesthesia (T0), and after surgery (24 hours (T1), 72 hours (T2) and 1 week (T3)). A linear mixed model was used to examine whether the changes from baseline values (T0) between groups were different during our study.
Results: The increases in the percentages of PD-1(+)CD8(+) T-cell observed at T1 and T2 in the control group were higher than in the flurbiprofen group (T1:12.91%±1.65% versus 7.86%±5.71%, P=0.031; T2:11.54%±1.54% versus 8.75%±1.73%, P=0.004) while no difference was observed at T1 and T2 between the groups in terms of change in percentages of PD-1(+)CD4(+) T-cell. Moreover, extensive changes in the percentages of lymphocytes subsets and the concentrations of inflammatory markers was observed at T1 and T2 after surgery, and flurbiprofen seemed to attenuate the most of changes.
Conclusion: Perioperative administration of flurbiprofen attenuated postoperative PD-1 increase on CD8(+) T-cell up to 72 hours, but not after this time. The clinical relevance of changes with PD-1 to long-term outcome of surgery is still unknown.
Trial registration: Chinese Clinical Trail Registry, ChiCTR-IPR-15006482 (date of registration June 2015)
Keywords: Immune cells; Lung cancer; Flurbiprofen; Programmed death 1.
Self-administered acupressure for allergic rhinitis: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Liang Yaqun , Lenon George Binh , Yang Angela Wei Hong
Published: December 2018

Background: Allergic rhinitis (AR) is an IgE-mediated inflammatory disease. Current conventional therapies for AR are unsatisfactory. Acupuncture has been recommended as an optional treatment for AR patients who are interested in non-pharmacotherapy in the new clinical practice guidelines for AR. Acupressure is a sub-type of acupuncture which is non-invasive with a low risk and can be self-administered. However, the current limited evidence is compromised by the high risk of bias and heterogeneity of methodology. Therefore, rigorously designed randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are needed. This proposed RCT aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of self-administered acupressure for the management of AR.
Methods/design: We have designed a randomized, single blind, non-specific controlled, two-arm, parallel clinical trial involving a 2-week run-in period, a 4-week intervention period and an 8-week follow-up period. The eligible participants will be randomized into either specific or non-specific acupressure group. They will be required to perform self-administered acupressure on either 5 specific acupressure points or 5 non-specific acupressure points, one minute for each point, twice a day for 4 weeks. Participants will be asked to complete self-administered questionnaires for outcome measures including 7-point scale of symptom severity, Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire with Standardized Activities (RQLQs), relief medication scores, adverse events and participants’ opinion of this study at the different assessment points throughout the trial period. Data will be analyzed by chi-square, t-test or ANOVA using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) software.
Discussion: The findings from this study will provide scientific evidence for the efficacy and safety of self-administered acupressure for the management of AR. This study may assist to develop a non-cost, non-invasive self-management method for AR sufferers.
Trial registration: Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR): ACTRN12617001106325 (https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=373370). Registered on 28 July 2017.
Keywords: Hay fever; allergic disease; acupuncture; self-massage; evidence-based Chinese medicine.
A Comparison of Ocular Trauma Scores in a Pediatric Population
Authors: Awidi AbdelHalim A , Kraus Courtney
Published: December 2018

Background: Pediatric ocular trauma represents a major concern for ophthalmologists. Delays in presentation, incomplete exams, inaccurate visual acuity (VA) results, and amblyopia can limit accurately predicting final visual outcomes in pediatric eye trauma. We performed a retrospective clinical study to describe the demographics and causes of eye trauma. We also compared 2 ocular trauma scoring systems, one specifically designed for pediatric trauma, to classify injuries and determine which better predicted VA outcomes.
Methods: A retrospective chart review of 3 years of pediatric globe trauma was performed. Analysis was focused on mechanisms of injury and VA outcomes. Complex factors that may worsen outcomes were recorded. Ocular Trauma Score (OTS) and Pediatric Ocular Trauma Score (POTS) were used to assign Groups 1-5 to each case. Group 1 was poorest prognosis, Group 5 best. Association between Group and final VA was examined. Accuracy of the two systems was compared.
Results: 23 children met eligibility criteria (13 male). Initial VA averaged 20/200 (range NLP – 20/20). Final VA was 20/150 (range NLP - 20/20). Objects of injury were sharp metallic household objects (7), miscellaneous (4), toys (3), BB pellets (2), stick/wood (2), pencil/pen (1).
OTS was assigned to 16 patients who had initial VA data available. POTS was calculated for all 23 patients, with a supplemental equation standing in for initial VA in 7 patients. The predictive ability for final VA of the POTS appeared stronger than OTS.
Conclusions: The chance of vision loss in a child following ocular trauma is high. Unlike in adults, initial VA is not as easily obtained or accurate in this population. Many ocular trauma scores give initial VA greater weight in outcome prediction models, which unfairly penalizes pediatric patients. Using the POTS developed by Acar et al, we were able to validate its grouping system and found improved correlation with VA outcomes compared to OTS.
History of epidemiological myopia research in Poland after World War II
Authors: Czepita D. A. , Kładna A.
Published: December 2018

So far, no article concerning the history of epidemiological studies on myopia in Poland after World War II has been published. Therefore, the aim of the work is to present the history of epidemiological studies on myopia in Poland after World War II. In order to obtain answers to the research questions, studies of source and archival materials were conducted. It turned out that the leading centers in Poland conducting research on myopia were the Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin and the Medical University of Silesia in Katowice.
Peripheral defocus of myopic eyes corrected with Perifocal-M glasses, monofocal glasses, and soft contact lenses
Authors: Tarutta E. P. , Tarasova N. A. , Proskurina O. V. , Milash S. V. , Kushnarevich N. Yu. , Khodzhabekyan N. V.
Published: December 2018

The purpose of the work was to study peripheral refraction in myopic patients without correction, in soft contact lenses (SCL), in monofocal glasses, and in Perifocal-M glasses.

Material and methods. A total of 97 patients (184 eyes) aged 9–18 years with various degrees of myopia were examined. The peripheral refraction was measured using a Grand Seiko WR-5100K binocular open-field autorefractometer without correction, in glasses, and in the SCL. For the eviation of gaze, a nozzle was designed, which was attached to the device stand at a distance of 50 cm from the patient's eyes. On the nozzle, there were 4 marks for fixing the gaze in the position of 15° and 30° to the nose (N) and to the temple (T) from the central position.

Results. In patients with myopia of various degrees without correction and with correction by monofocal glasses, hyperopic defocus formed in all zones on average. In eyes that were corrected with SCL and were mildly myopic in all zones, hyperopic defocus was detected. In moderate myopia, myopic defocus was detected in the zones T30° and N30°. With a high degree of myopia, myopic defocus was detected on the periphery in all zones except T15°, reaching -2.23 ± 1.35 D in the T30° zone and -1.56 ± 0.82 D in the N30° zone. In Perifocal-M glasses, myopic defocus formed in mildly myopic eyes: in the T15° zone its value was -0.95 ± 0.12 D, -0.24 ± 0.05 D in the N15° zone, and -1.14 ± 0.13 D in the T30° zone. Hyperopic defocus was observed only in the zone at N30°, and its value was minimal compared to other types of correction which was 0.13 ± 0.05 D. In moderate myopia, myopic defocus was observed only in the zone N15° at -0.28 ± 0.04 D. In all other zones, hyperopic defocus remained, but its magnitude was minimal compared to monofocal glasses: 0.6 ± 0.1 D at T30°, 0.05 ± 0.04 D at T15°, and 0.74 ± 0.11 D at N30°. 

Conclusion. In relation to peripheral defocus, perifocal glasses have an advantage in correcting myopia of a low and, in part, moderate degree.
Morphological studies of the cadaveric sclera after nonpenetrating sclerotomy by ND: YAG laser
Authors: Sineok A. E. , Zolotarev A. V. , Nikolaeva G. A.
Published: December 2018

Purpose: to reveal the changes of the morphological structure of cadaveric human sclera after Nd: YAG laser irradiation.

Material and methods. Laser pulses (Nd: YAG) (Lumenis) (power 7.0–7.4 mW, pulse duration 4 ns, wavelength 1064 nm) were applied to the sclera of an isolated eyeball at a distance of 4 to 8 mm from the limbus. Three irradiation types were used: one series of single pulses, a series of triple pulses, and a series of six pulses.

Results. Incisions created with single pulses showed insignificant surface defects of the sclera. In triple pulses, the defect of the anterior layers of the sclera capture affected 15 % of the scleral thickness, and in six pulses the defect reached 30 % of the scleral thickness.

Conclusions. To achieve a punctate hole in the sclera, a single Nd: YAG pulse is insufficient. To obtain a significant depth of scleral incision at least a triple pulse is needed, which must be taken into account in clinical practice as well as in assessing the results of Nd: YAG laser impact on the rigidity of the sclera.
Real-Time Implementation of Sliding Mode Control Technique for Two-DOF Industrial Robotic Arm
Authors: Ayten Kağan Koray , Dumlu Ahmet
Published: December 2018

This study presents a real-time implementation of the angle trajectory tracking control for the twoDOF industrial robotic manipulators. For real-time trajectory tracking control, the classical proportional–integral–derivative (PID) control and the nonlinear Sliding Mode Control techniques have been considered. The SMCtechnique takes into account the complete dynamic model of the two DOF robot to increase the trajectory trackingperformance of the manipulator. The experimental results demonstrate that the nonlinear SMC method has improvedthe trajectory tracking performance compared with the PID method.
Çoklu Mikrokanallarda Ferroakışkanların Isı Transferi ve Basınç Düşümü Karakteristiklerinin Deneysel İncelenmesi
Authors: Manay Eyüphan
Published: December 2018

Bu çalışmada su bazlı ferroakışkanların sabit ısı akısı sınır şartlarında dikdörtgen kesite sahip çoklu mikrokanallarda ısı transferi ve basınç düşümü karakteristikleri araştırılmıştır. Fe2O3. NiO nano partiküllerinin temelakışkan olarak seçilen saf su içerisine iki farklı hacimsel oranda (φ=0.0025 ve 0.005) katılmasıyla ferroakışkanlarhazırlanmış ve Reynolds sayısı, partikül hacimsel oran gibi parametrelerin ısı transferi ve basınç düşümüneetkileri deneysel olarak incelenmiştir. Laminar akış ve kararlı hal şartlarında, ısı transferi artan partikül hacimselkonsantrasyonu ile artmıştır. Saf suya göre ısı transferinde minimum % 8.6, maksimum % 31.6 oranında artışsağlanmıştır. Temel akışkan içerisine süspanse edilen nano partiküller sürtünme faktöründe saf suya göre en az%16.4, en çok % 36.1 artış meydana getirmiştir. Partikül hacimsel konsantrasyonun %0.25’ten %0.5’e artırılmasıtoplam ısı transferi iyileştirmesinde en az %6.8, en çok %8.9 oranında artışa neden olmuştur.
An Investigation about the Factors Influence on the Wavelength Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometer Measurement Results
Authors: Üst NURAY , Akça BURCU , Erzeneoğlu SALİH ZEKİ
Published: December 2018

In this study, the
effect of different masses, cellulose ratios and different scanning surface
areas on the analysis results in the product waste after treatment of boron and
the effect of press pressing on the analysis results in the potassium nitrate
(KNO3) samples were investigated. The aim of our work
is determined the
effect of different masses, cellulose ratios, press pressing and different
scanning surface areas on the analysis results by using the Wavelength Differential X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometer.
Kahramanmaraş Piyasasında Satışa Sunulan Maraş Dondurmasında Patojen Mikroorganizmaların Membran Filtrasyon Yöntemiyle Araştırılması
Authors: UĞUZ Metin Tansu , KİREÇCİ Ekrem
Published: December 2018

Bu çalışmada, Kahramanmaraş ve çevresinde satışa sunulan dondurmaların mikrobiyolojik kalitesinindeğerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla, çeşitli firmalar tarafından satışı yapılan 50 adet dondurma örneğitoplanılarak çalışılmıştır. Bu araştırmada, patojen bakteriler membran filtrasyon yöntemi ile izole ve identifiyeedilmiştir. Çalışmamızın sonucunda; 50 adet dondurma örneğinin 9’unda üreme görülmüştür. Üreme görülenörneklerin tamamında, koliform grubunun en önemli indikatör bakterisi olan Escherichia coli tesbit edilmiştir.Dondurma gibi gıda kaynaklı örneklerin Membran filtrasyon yöntemi ile mikroorganizmalar yönünden analizedilmesi, halk sağlığı ve bilime katkı sağlayacaktır.
A Two-parameter Deformation of Supergroup GL(1|2)
Authors: ÇELİK Sultan Abacı
Published: December 2018

A new super-Hopf algebra, denoted by , is obtained by using the standard method (the RTT-relation)with an R-matrix which is a solution of the quantum Yang-Baxter equation.