bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Cadmium Contamination in the Surface Sediments of Anping Harbor, Taiwan
Authors: Dong Cheng Di , Chen Chih Feng , Chen Chiu Wen
Published: September 2013

This study was conducted using the data collected at the Anping Harbor, Taiwan to investigate and analyze cadmium (Cd) contained in the sediments, and to evaluate the accumulation of Cr and the degree of its potential risk. The results show that samples collected at ten monitoring points contain 0.040.60 mg/kg of Cd with an average of 0.26±0.18 mg/kg. The spatial distribution of Cd reveals that the Cd concentration is relatively high in river mouth region, and gradually diminishes toward the harbor region. This indicates that upstream industrial and municipal wastewater discharges along the river bank are major sources of pollution. Results from the enrichment factor and geo-accumulation index analyses imply that the Bamboo River mouth sediments can be characterized as moderately severe enrichment and moderate accumulation of Cd, respectively. Results of potential ecological risk index indicate that the surface sediment has higher ecological potential risk in Bamboo River mouth. The results can provide valuable information to developing future strategies for the management of river mouth and harbor.
Investigation of Iodine Distribution in the Semi-Hydrate Wet Phosphoric Acid Process
Authors: Han Hong Jing , Chen Yan Guang , Wang Hong Qi , Duan Wen Guo , Guo Chao , Yuan Wen Xue , Guo Yan Qun
Published: September 2013

The influencing factors of reaction such as reaction temperature, reaction time and the ratio of liquid to solid are investigated by analyzing the iodine distribution in the semi-hydrate wet process of phosphoric acid. The result shows that with the increase of reaction temperature, reaction time and the ratio of liquid to solid, the iodine distribution in the phases of liquid and solid presents has the tendency of decrease, in the range between 20% and 30%, while the iodine distribution in the gas phase tends to increase, the maximum value is 67.54%.
Boron Adsorption by Cellulose Supported Layered Double Hydroxides
Authors: Yan Chun Yan , Yi Wen Tao
Published: September 2013

Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)-supported layered double hydroxides (CMC-LDHs) were synthesized by ion exchange method. The raw cellulose, unsupported LDH and CMC-LDHs were characterized by XRD, and FTIR. The CMC-LDHs was applied to adsorb boron with batch adsorption in aqueous solution, and the conditions influencing its adsorption amount were investigated. The experimental results showed that the CMC-LDHs had higher adsorption amount than the precursor, and the adsorption amount increased with increasing the contact time, boron concentration, and the pH.
Rapid Mineralization of Rhodamine B Wastewater by Microwave Synergistic Fenton-Like Oxidation Process
Authors: Yan Peng , Bai Dong
Published: September 2013

The coulpling method of microwave irradiation and Fenton-like reaction with magnetic nanomaterials of CuFe2O4 as the catalyst was used for degradation of Rhodamine B wastewater. Factors affecting the degradation rate of Rhodamine B such as H2O2 dosage, CuFe2O4 dosage, Rhodamine B initial concentration, reaction temperature and so on were investigated systematically. The experimental results showed that the microwave-assisted Fenton-like process using H2O2/CuFe2O4 was the most effective treatment process compared with other methods. Unlike the conventional Fenton reactions, which are catalyzed by homogeneous catalysts/promoters, the nanopowder CuFe2O4 catalyst is easily collected by an external magnetic field and remains efficient in reuse. The results showed that under the given conditions (80°C, pH = 4, Rhodamine B initial concentration = 100mg/L, CuFe2O4 dose = 0.375g/L, H2O2 dose = 2.5mL/L, Reaction time = 2min), the removal rate of Rhodamine B could reach nearly 100%. Moreover, the COD determination results showed that under above conditions, the COD value could reach zero.
Study on Partial Nitrification-Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidation-Nitrification Coupled Technology for the Treatment of Coking Wastewater
Authors: Shan Ming Jun , Zhang Yan , Kou Li Hong
Published: September 2013

Partial nitrification-anaerobic ammonium oxidation-nitrification coupled technology was used for removing nitrogen from coking wastewater. Through continuous optimization of the nitrogen removal technology, NH4+-N, NO2--N and NO3--N concentrations in the effluent stabilized at 0~3, 0~0.5 and 5~20 mg/L, COD<100 mg/L, the effluent quality could meet the primary standard of “Integrated wastewater discharge standard (GB8978-1996)”. The removal efficiencies of NH4+-N and COD reached up to 99.5% and 96.1% respectively. The novel technology performed well for treating coking wastewater, nitrogen and organic pollutants were simultaneously removed efficiently.
Groundwater Pollution Risk Assessment in the Quanzhou Area
Authors: Hu Li Tang , Gao Tong , Wang Jing Rui
Published: September 2013

Groundwater pollution under the intense of human activities in the Quanzhou coastal area strongly threatens the supply safety of groundwater sources. Based on hydrogeological conditions and the pollution load in this field, the multi-index evaluation method of pollution sources and improved DRASTIC model were employed to assess groundwater pollution risk. The rating and weights of each important factor were determined by expert evaluation method and three-level groundwater pollution risk index were obtained using ARCGIS software. The results show that groundwater pollution risk at the industrial-intensive areas are dominant. So it is necessary for government to control the emmision of pollutant from inducstry in the Quanzhou area.
Study on Treatment to Methanol Wastewater by UV/Fenton
Authors: Xie Juan , Wang Xin Qiang , Qu Cheng Tun
Published: September 2013

In this paper, aqueous methanol (methanol concentration 1000 mg·l-1) degradation was studied by using UV/Fenton, and effect of methanol degradation was evaluated with COD removal rate. When pH was determined, H2O2 dosage, Fe2+ dosage and reaction time were investigated by single factor test, respectively. In the orthogonal experiment, UV/Fenton was used to deal with wastewater of 1000 mg·l-1methanol, the order of the influent factors on COD removal was: H2O2 dosage > reaction time > Fe2+ content. Under the optimal condition (6%H2O250 ml·l-1, Fe2+ 0.9 g·l-1, reaction time 60 min), 95.77% COD removal rate was obtained. In addition, a comparison of UV, Fenton regent and UV/Fenton system indicated that UV and Fe2+ had synergistic effect on catalytic decomposition of H2O2, and reaction time to obtain the highest COD removal was shorted 10 min when UV/Fenton was used.
Effect of Coal Property and Ratio of Acid to Coal on Ion Exchange Performance of Sulfonated Coal
Authors: Tang Qing Jie , Xing Jun Tao , Zhao Li Peng , Gao Bei Bei
Published: September 2013

There are more advantage for Sulfonated coal such as lower price, materials widely, and stronger ion exchange performance. Sulfonated coal were prepared by huolinhe brown coal and shanxi anthracite as raw material, and the effect of coal quality, ratio of acid to coal on the ion exchange properties of sulfonated coal were studied. Results show that the brown coal is more advantageous to sulfonation reaction, the temperature is 120, sulfonated time is 9 h, and ratio of acid to coal is 5:1. Under the conditions, the ion exchange property of sulfonated coal is best.
Separation of Activated Sludge with Sub-Mili Filtration
Authors: Cui Yan Ping , Yao Bing Hua
Published: September 2013

Separation is one of the most important unit operations in biological wastewater treatment. Two commonly employed methods are gravity sedimentation (e.g.secondary clarifier) and membrane filtration (e.g.membrane bioreactor, MBR). Their efficiency at sludge concentrations higher than 10g/L as mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS) would not meet actual engineering needs any longer. It is of interest to develop a cost-effective process which might pave ways for controlled redistribution of sludge concentration and eventually for reduced excess sludge. This work is to introduce a sub-mili filter as separation media to obtain a target effluent of suspended solids (SS) less than 500mg/L at flux higher than 100L/m2·h and sludge concentration about 20g/L as MLSS. Results show desired effluent SS can be achieved as low as 5mg/L, indicating sub-mili filtration could be an effective supplement to membrane separation and gravity sedimentation for specific applications.
Analysis of the Effect of Environmental Factors on the Construction Phase of the Project
Authors: Li Hong Wen
Published: September 2013

Project environmental impact assessment theories and residential project reality closely, to study on the environmental impact assessment of deep.
Oxalic Acid Enhances Remediation of Cr Contaminated Soil in Leersia Hexandra Swartz
Authors: Tan Liang Liang , Zhang Qing Jun , Xu Ming Ze , Zhang Hui , You Shao Hong
Published: September 2013

This study examined the effect of oxalic acid on phytoremediation of Cr contaminated soil in Cr-hyperaccumulator Leersia hexandra Swartz (L. hexandra). The effects of 0, 40, 80, 120 mmol kg-1 oxalic acid (OA) on biomass, Cr accumulation and translocation of L. hexandra and four kinds of enzymes in 200,400 mg L-1 Cr contaminated soil planted L. hexandra were studied. The results showed that above-ground biomass was maximumly increased by 48.25% under OA treatment and OA also enhanced the plants ability to translocate Cr from roots to the harvestable aerial part which could contribute to phytoremediation. OA applied to soil planted L. hexandra with Cr stress maximumly increased dehydrogenase, sucrese, urease, peroxidase activities by 82.51%, 125.22%, 56.25%, 64.57% (p < 0.01). These results suggest that OA is an important amendment which can enhance the remediation capability and soil activity of Cr contaminated soil in L. hexandra.
Remediation of Perchloroethylene Contaminated Groundwater by Zero-Valent Iron Integrated with Anaerobic Microbial Community
Authors: Ma Chang Wen , Chen Sheng Wen , Xie Hong Yong
Published: September 2013

Previous study using batch method showed that an integrated technique using a combination of zero-valent iron and an anaerobic microbial community (FeMB) showed good degradation efficiency for perchloroethylene (PCE). In this study, a permeable reaction barrier (PRB) with FeMB as reactive media was simulated in remediation columns. It was proved that PCE was retardation adsorption and degraded in remediation columns. A mathematical model was developed and used to simulate the transport and transformation of PCE in remediation columns, and was also used to predict the fate of PCE in groundwater in different conditions. Results showed that FeMB PRB might be an environmentally desirable technology and the model could describe successfully the transport and transformation of PCE in remediation columns.
Evaluation of Water Resource Based on Carrying Capacity in Gansu
Authors: Wang Qian , Zhao Di Chen , Zhang Qi Peng
Published: September 2013

Water Resource Carrying Capacity related to Economic Sustainable Development of an area. To improve the utilization efficiency of water resources in Gansu.Carrying Capacity of the Water Resource provides a useful measure of the sustainable development of a region. The results showed that most parts of Gansu Province overloading of water resources. And the situation of Water Resources Carrying is far from adequate.And the utilization degree of water resources in Gansu is at the highest level and the exploitation potential is small.
Experiment on Capability of Agriculture Irrigation Water Computation Water Meter
Authors: Fan Yong Shen , Wang Quan Jiu , Duan Fu Yi , Guo Zhi Xin , Han Qi Biao
Published: September 2013

In view of the influence of a certain amount of the sediment in agricultural irrigation water and low temperature to water meter accuracy, experiment of performance and abrasion under the different sediment rate and experiment of the freezing heaving in the different temperature to water meter were developed, the results show, the error rate of water meter is different under different sediment rate, and the error rate become bigger after abrasion 500h under the different sediment rate, and the reading of numerous water meter become smaller. Under the condition of low temperature, the water meter is easy to happen the frost heaving damage phenomenon when the water meter chamber filled with water, and the water meter is generally not heave when water meter chamber not filled with water. The change of water meter accuracy is little after low temperature frost heave.
Numerical Analysis of Ebb Water Split Ratio of the South and North Branch in the Changjiang Estuary
Authors: Yang Ji Zhong , Gu Jie , Ma Dan Qing , Wang Xiao Li , Hu Tian , Wang Yuan
Published: September 2013

The change of water split ratio has important impacts on the fluvial process, saltwater intrusion and navigation in estuary area. A 2D hydrodynamics numerical model of the Changjiang Estuary was set up using Delft3D-FLOW. The calculation results are consistent well with the real measured data, which indicates that the model can be used in hydrodynamic analysis. Simulation results show that the ebb water split ratio of the North Branch in the flood season is larger than that in the dry season, while the situation of the South Branch is opposite. Under the condition of different tidal types, the ebb water split ratio for the North Branch is maximum during the spring tide, and minimum during the neap tide, while the one during the middle tide takes the second place.
The Formation of Debris Flow Dams: Geomorphic Setting and Influential Factors
Authors: Dang Chao , Chu Na Na , Cheng Zun Lan
Published: September 2013

Temporary dams can be formed by the sudden injection of debris flow into main stream for some favorable geomorphologic and hydraulic conditions, which would result in extensive inundations upstream and catastrophic floods downstream due to dam breach and consequently dramatic changes of channel and valley. Expeditious means of assessing potential of dam-forming are necessary, particularly in geological active regions. The complete blockages or dam-forming significantly relate to the discharge ratio and velocity ratio between tributary and main stream, bulk density of debris flow, confluent angles and evenness degree of grain sizes.
Effects of pH and Illumination on Removing Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Eutrophic Water by Purple-Root Water Hyacinth
Authors: Zhan Ju Hong , Li Qiang , Cai Qian , Ding Yi Ran , Zhao Ting Ting , Luo Yu , Pan Xue Jun
Published: September 2013

Phytoremediation is the most commonly selected option for decontaminating the nutrients in eutrophic water bodies in recent years. In the present study, the effects of pH and illumination time on removing nitrogen and phosphorus by purple-root water hyacinth were investigated. The results indicate that there would be a better removal rates of nitrogen and phosphorus under the condition of pH=6~7 and t=8~10 h. Both acid and alkali conditions would slow down the purification effects and increasing illumination time can not improve the removal rate remarkablely. Therefore, it provides an important theoretical foundation for the efficient use of purple-root water hyacinth to restore eutrophic water bodies.
Analysis on the Temporal and Spatial Pattern of Ecosystem Services Based on Land-Use Changes: A Case Study of Guanting Reservoir Watershed in China
Authors: Wen Yi Hui , Liu Gui Huan , Hao Hai Guang , Liu Shu Fang
Published: September 2013

Being located in the northwest of Beijing, Guanting Reservoir has been an important source to supply water for life, production and landscape; however, with the increasing urbanization and population agglomeration in the upstream since 1980s, the resource and environment of Guanting Reservoir Basin was also undertaken an increasingly pressure accordingly with water quantity dropped and quality deteriorated, so Guanting Reservoir was ruled out of the drinking water supply system of Beijing since 1997. As a series of ecological protection and management project have been implemented with the 21st century coming, Guanting Reservoir restored its water-supply function for agriculture, ecology and industry in 2003, and restored its function as drinking water source in 2007, so it became an emergency water-supply source of Beijing again. The environmental protection status and economic development model of Guanting Reservoir Basin plays an essential role for water security of Beijing. In this paper, taken Guanting Reservoir Basin as the study case, the land use data of different periods since 1980s have been extracted from remote sensing images of the study area to analyze the land use changes. Based on the land use data, Costanza ecosystem service value formula and correction parameter suitable for China situations, the basin ecosystem service value is calculated to analyze the changes in leading ecosystem function of Guanting Reservoir Basin in different periods. In combination with the social and economic statistical data, the driving factors are discussed for changes in the leading function, and the approaches are put forward to enhance the upstream ecosystem function, so as to guarantee the sustainable economic and social development in the Basin. It is indicated from the research results that: (1) the driving forces for the changes in dominate ecosystem functions of Guanting Reservoir Basin mainly result from policy factor, population factor and economic factor; (2) the ecosystem services of Guanting Reservoir Basin are presented as asymmetric spatial characteristic; and (3) the eco-compensation mechanism is an important means to balance the asymmetry of ecosystem services between the upstream and downstream of Guanting Reservoir Basin and enhance the upstream capacity for provision of ecosystem services. The quantitative eco-compensation mechanism is the key point of follow-up research to enhance ecosystem services; the scenario analysis will have a prospective potential to propose some policy suggestions with more operability.
Thinking of the Planning and Construction of Intelligent City
Authors: Li Xia
Published: September 2013

With the rapid development of space technology, the global strategic model towns, intelligent city as an important way of new-type urbanization plays in the urbanization wave of a new round of the role. The article first defines the concept and characteristics of Intelligent City, and expounds the planning strategy of intelligent city from the point of view of city planning.
Typical Agriculture and Pastoral Area Rural Development Influencing Factors and Mode Selection: A Case Study of Wushen Banner, Erdos City of Inner Mongolia
Authors: Cheng Hao , Dong Suo Cheng , Li Yu , Li Ze Hong
Published: September 2013

For sustainable development strategy implemented by China, agriculture and countryside are the foundation and the prior fields, facing the greatest challenge and difficulty. New rural development of agricultural and pastoral areas is an important constituent in new rural construction of China as well as a relatively weak link. Wushen Banner in Erdos City of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region is a typical agricultural and pastoral area. Towns and sumus in the whole Banner have respective unique characteristics in aspects of regional difference, functional dominance and development conditionality (three characteristics for short), influencing construction and development of new countryside. According to analysis on three characteristics, main modes of new rural development of it are industrial enterprise leading mode, urban construction leading mode, modern agriculture leading mode, ecological animal husbandry leading mode, leisure tourism leading mode and professional market leading mode.
Orthogonal Analysis on the Remediation of Diesel Contaminated Soil by Enhancing Bioventing
Authors: Yang Jin Feng , Zhang Cheng Jun , Zhao Tong Ke , Wu Qiong
Published: September 2013

Bioventing is an in situ forced oxidative soil remediation technology which combined soil vapor extraction with biodegradation. It has broad application prospects of soil contamination caused by underground storage tank leakage. Orthogonal experiment as a high efficiency, rapid and economical experimental design method has been widely used in many research. In order to enhance bioventing and shorten the cycle of pollution control,it is necessary to study the mechanism of the interaction among the different factors to quantify the interaction and accelerate the degradation rate. In this study, five factors (initial diesel concentration, venting mode, pore volume number during soil venting, soil moisture content and the ratio of carbon, nitrogen and phosphate) which influence bioventing was chosen to conduct orthogonal experiment of the remediation of diesel contaminated soil by enhancing bioventing. The results show that: 1)Initial diesel concentration and soil moisture content have main effects on the remediation of diesel contaminated soil by bioventing, then the ratio of carbon, nitrogen and phosphate and pore volume number during soil venting. Venting mode has the weakest effect. 2)When 40mg oil/g soil of diesel concentration, air injecting from the bottom of column, 4 vk·d-1 of the pore volume number during soil venting, 100:20:1 of the ratio of carbon, nitrogen and phosphate and soil water content for 20% of the maximum of soil water holding capacity, that would reach a larger removal rate.
Study on Influencing Factors of Tunnel in Seismic Performance of Adjacent Underground Pipeline
Authors: Yang Run Lin , Kong Jie , Zhou Juan Hua
Published: September 2013

The existing tunnels may have an influence on seismic performance of adjacent underground pipelines. However, most of previous relevant studies are separately focused on seismic performance of the pipeline or the tunnel. In this paper, the major influencing factors of the existing tunnel in the seismic performance of adjacent underground pipelines, including joint types of the pipeline, the different angles and the distances between the pipeline and tunnel, were discussed. Numerical results show that flexible joint is the important factor which is helpful to decrease the settlement difference and the axial stress of the pipeline. Meanwhile, the relative position between the pipeline and the tunnel may also have a significant influence on seismic performance of pipelines.
Evaluation of California Native Grass Species for Sod Development
Authors: Gong Jing , Huang Ming , Liu Li Sheng
Published: September 2013

The objective of this research was to develop and demonstrate native grass sod for sediment control from disturbed lands associated with California highways. The research evaluated native grass species for inclusion in sod and evaluated the sod at a California highway field site. Seed mixes, including rhizomatous and bunchgrass species, were evaluated in a greenhouse setting for six California ecoregions. Growth and sod development potential of each seed mix for each ecoregion were evaluated. Seed mixes for three California ecoregions were further evaluated with a reinforcement material, and for establishment and weed suppression. Establishment and weed suppression of select ecoregion seed mixes and reinforcement materials were evaluated. Results indicated that multispecies sod has potential for use in revegetation of disturbed lands associated with highways.
A Study on Ascendency of Estuary Ecosystem
Authors: Xu Yi Xin , Zhang Hua Yong , Li Fei , Han Lu , Xu Xiang
Published: September 2013

Ascendency theory which is developed by Ulanowicz is an index of activity and organization in living systems and is about to quantify the whole-system status. Being calculated in terms of flows, the ascendency is used to quantify the eutrophication of the ecosystem. However, when network magnitudes and topologies are changed from non-eutrophic to strongly eutrophic, the ascendency which is calculated in terms of flows of simple energy is relatively insensitive to such changes. However, when the flows are measured in terms of eco-exergy, it is more advisable. The ascendancies of two different trophic levels which are non-eutrophic and strongly eutrophic are calculated on simple energy and eco-exergy respectively. The analysis of ascendency about the two different trophic levels also proves that ascendency is more sensitive when based on eco-exergy than on simple energy. The ascendency based on eco-exergy is more appropriate to quantify the ecosystem status.
Study of Influence of Road Construction on Grassland in Inner Mongolia
Authors: Zhang Chun Mei , Zhao Min , Lv Xue
Published: September 2013

In this paper, the indexes that are used to assess the influence of road construction on Inner Mongolia grassland have been proposed based on the environment protection perspective. The Analytic hierarchy process was employed to evaluate the importance of different indexes regarding to influence. These indexes would be used to provide information for decision making about road construction in order to achieve the sustainable development of grassland.
A Study of Layout of Urban Distribution Centers Based on Cost-Effective Distance of Transport
Authors: Liu Ling , Lai Ping Zhong , Dong Na , Yang Yong
Published: September 2013

Profits, as one of the ultimate goals of business operations, plays a crucial role in business decision making process. Based on the negative correlation between warehousing costs and distribution costs, this paper introduces urban development coefficient and identifies the cost-effective distance of transport (CEDT) for urban distribution centers using quantitative calculation method and qualitative analysis including center of gravity model. In addition, with land availability and urban traffic control measures as related constraints, this paper identifies the locations of urban distribution centers and conducts an empirical analysis using Jiujiang City of Jiangxi Province as an example.
A Study of Antioxidant Activity about Seleno-Polysaccharide of Cordyceps militaris from Different Areas of China
Authors: Li Qin , Zhang Chi
Published: September 2013

In this article,Cordyceps militaris,that from Hubei and Yunnan,were used as the research objects, to extract seleno-polysaccharide ,then the antioxidant activity of seleno-polysaccharide were determined by reducing power,the scavenging capacity on superoxide anion radical and hydroxyl radical.The results indicated that,the content of selenium in Hubei and Yunnan Cordyceps militaris samples were 210.0μg/g and 57.5μg/g,respectively;the share of Se-polysaccharide in total selenium were 11.086% and 26.713%,respectively,lower degree to turn the selenium organic in Hubei Cordyceps militaris.The reducing power of seleno-polysaccharide from Hubei and Yunnan Cordyceps militaris were 0.0253,0.0297,respectively;two kinds of Cordyceps militaris have certain ability to remove superoxide anion radical and different between them,the seleno-polysaccharide of Yunnan Cordyceps militaris has a better effect to remove superoxide anion radical under different sample amount.About hydroxyl radical,there were no ability to remove it.
Comprehensive Evaluation Index System for Integration of Freshwater Fishery Industry Chain Based on Structural Equation Modeling
Authors: Zhang Li
Published: September 2013

According to the principles for index design, based on the existing index systems of other related industries, this paper proposed the conceptual model of internal potential influence factors for integration of freshwater fishery industry chain. On such basis, this paper screened out the observed variables that explain each influence factor, i.e. bottom indexes, established the comprehensive evaluation index system for integration of freshwater fishery industry chain, and then constructed the structural equation model for integration of freshwater fishery industry chain, and fitted and optimized the model by confirmatory factor analysis. Principal component analysis was applied to comprehensively evaluate the integration performance of freshwater fishery industry chain.
The Concentration Characteristics of PM10 and PM2.5 in Eight Cities of China in March, 2013
Authors: Sheng Tao , Shi Jian Wu , Tian Sen Lin , Bi Li Mei , Deng Hao , Long Jian , Wang Qian , Zhan Shu Jiao
Published: September 2013

According to the information of air quality which published by the urban air quality real-time publishing platform, the concentration characteristics of PM10 and PM2.5 were studied in Kunming (KM), Changsha (CS), Hangzhou (HZ), Shanghai (SH), Harbin (HEB), Beijing (BJ), Wuhan (WH) and Guangzhou (GZ). The results show that the concentrations of PM10 and PM2.5 exceeded the Ambient Air Quality Standard (GB3095-2012) in varying degrees in March, 2013. The concentrations of PM10 in Wuhan is the highest, reached 164μg/m3, exceeded the standard by 9.3%; the concentrations of PM2.5 is much higher in Wuhan, Changsha and Beijing, the average concentrations were 96μg/m3, 103μg/m3 and 110μg/m3, exceeded the standard by 28.0%, 37.3% and 46.7% respectively. The correlation of PM10 with PM2.5 in most of these cities was good in March. The correlation analysis of pollutant with meteorological factor in Hangzhou, Shanghai, Beijing and Guangzhou was also studied, the results show that the concentrations of PM10 and PM2.5 are weakly positive correlation with temperature in the four cities, negative correlation with relative humidity without Beijing, and negative correlation with wind speed.
Resource Utilization Residue of Pleurotus ostreatus
Authors: Xiong Yong , Zhao Chun Yan , Chen Yi Jian , Yue Wan Song
Published: September 2013

The allelopathy of spent substrate extracts including water extract and ethanol extract ofPleurotus ostreatuson the mycelium growth of six edible fungi, i.e.Flammulina velutipes,Ganoderma lucidum Karst,Pleurotus ostreatusandCordyceps (three species), were investigated using Petri dishes approach. The results indicated that the spent substrate extracts have different effects on their mycelium growth. The mycelium ofFlammulina velutipesgrows better than control check with increasing water extract concentration. The mycelia ofGanoderma lucidum Karstgrow first promotion after inhibition with increasing water extract concentration. The mycelia ofFlammulina velutipes, Ganoderma lucidum Karst, Pleurotus ostreatusare promoted by ethanol extracts. The mycelia of Cordyceps (three species) grow first promotion after inhibition with ethanol extracts. The results can provide reference values for rational utilization of the spent mushroom substrate.
Quantitative Model for Diosgenin in Dioscorea zingiberensis C.H.Wright by NIRS Combined with TQ Software
Authors: Bai Yan , Gong Hai Yan , Zuo Chun Fang , Lei Jing Wei , Duan Xiao Yan , Xie Cai Xia
Published: September 2013

To determine the Diosgenin in Dioscorea zingiberensis C.H.Wright by near-infraed spectroscopy (NIRS) combined with TQ software. The near-infrared sprectra and HPLC values of the Diosgenin in Dioscorea zingiberensis C.H.Wright from different areas were collected, and the quantitative calibration model was established with TQ software. And then the prediction samples were anylized by the model. The correlation coefficients (R2), the root-mean-square error of calibration (RMSEC) and the root-mean-square error of cross-validation (RMSECV) of the quantitative calibration model for diosgenin were 0.96459, 0.0999 and 0.30041 respectively; the correlation coefficients of prediction (r2) and the root-mean-square error of prediction (RMSEP) were 0.9634 and 0.128. The method is fast, convenient, non-polluted and accurate. The correction model could be used to predict the diosgenin in Dioscorea zingiberensis C.H.Wright.
The Evaluation of the Level of Mineral Recourses' Sustainable Development Based on Efficacy Function
Authors: Lei You Xin , Lu Hui , Huang Ning Yi
Published: September 2013

This paper based on efficacy function to get a general assessment about the mineral resources in China on sustainable development level in five major categories: existence, development, society, environment and human resource. Meanwhile, the OLS method is also utilized to make a regressive analysis. The sustainable development of mineral resources in china is fairly well in development and human resource while show trend of continuous growth. The increase of sustainable development in society is slowing down and turning to be tranquil. However, sustainable development level is severe in existence and environment hence illustrate a exasperate trend.
The Phase Analysis of Panzhihua Vanadic Titanomagnetite Ore before and after Heat Treatment
Authors: Wan Shu Quan , Lan De Jun , Han Hong Bo , Zhou Cai Long
Published: September 2013

The phases of Panzhihua vanadic titanomagnetite ore were studied by using XRF and XRD. XRF results show that the original ore mainly contain the elements, Fe, Ti, Si, Ca, Al, S, Mg, P, Mn, V and etc. XRD results show that the main substances in original ore were Fe3O4 and FeTiO3, and the minor phases cannot be clearly studied by XRD. After heat treatment for 10h at 573K in atmospheric ambient, the phases of the ore have been slightly changed. And after heat treatment for 10h at 1073K in atmospheric ambient, then cooled for 48h to room temperature, the main phases of the ore have almost been changed to Fe2O3 and Fe2TiO5.
Chemical Kinetics Application of Hydrocarbon Generation of Shuang Yang Stratum in well Chang 27
Authors: Wang Gui Lei , Xue Hai Tao , Lu Shuang Fang , Wang Wei Ming
Published: September 2013

To determine the hydrocarbon - generating characteristics of Shuangyang Formation in Well Chang 27.We selected dark mudstone in Shuangyang Formation to launch Rock-Eval (open system) thermal simulation. Through thermal simulation data to demarcate a kinetic model,the Shuangyang Stratum mudstone samples reveal the gas intensity is mainly distributed in (210~230) kJ/mol),the average activation energy is 223kJ/mol. The hydrocarbon - generating characteristics of Shuangyang Formation in Well Chang 27 whose hydrocarbon generation stage mainly in the period (37~24) Ma, corresponding the late period of the Yongji Formation deposition to the late period of the Qijia Formation deposition. In Chang 27 Well area,the average generating strength of gas in Shuangyang Formation is (21~37×108) m3·km2. The hydrocarbon generation stage of Shuangyang Formation in Chang 27 Well area is mainly in (37~24) Ma, corresponding to the late deposition period of the Yongji Formation and Qijia Formation. Both the shorter periods of hydrocarbon generation and late hydrocarbon generation period made great contributions to accumulation, in which Shuang_1 formation played a bigger role.
Tectonic Evolution and Coal-Controlling Structural Styles in Eastern Sichuan
Authors: Li Huan Tong , Wang Lin Jie , Yao Zheng , Li You Fei , Zou Xiao Yan
Published: September 2013

The ejective folds belt and the box like-trough-like folds belt in the area of boundary among Sichuan, Hubei and Hunan are separated by Qiyaoshan fault belt. Since early Middle Permian, the area has successively experienced the effects of paleo and morden pacific geodynamic system, resulting in multilevel and multi-phase structures. According to the geodynamic characteristics, the structural styles of study area are divided into compression style and rotation style, and subdivided into four first-order structure styles with analyzing their coal-controlling effects. Geodynamic characteristics, basement property and sliding layers are the main controlling factors of the structural deformation of coal-bearing stratum. The ejective fold is characteristized by narrow and steeper anticline with a vertical surface and broad syncline; coal-measures are developed mainly at the both wings of the anticline.
A Study of Inorganic Pore Characteristic in Lower Cambrian Niutitang Shale in Qiannan Depression
Authors: Xiao Hong , Lu Shuang Fang , Chen Fang Wen , Li Jian Qing
Published: September 2013

Compared with conventional reservoir, shale reservoir has distinctive characteristics such as ultra-low porosity and permeability, rich in organic matter and special ways of shale gas occurrence. These make remarkable differences between the evaluation of shale reservoir and conventional reservoir. To make an authentic assessment study on inorganic pore in shale, this article evaluated the inorganic pore of Niutitang shale in Qiannan depression with the helping of SEM, thin section and so on. Results of the study suggested that in Niutitang shale formation there mainly developed three kinds of inorganic pores, including floc interparticle pore, micro-channel and micro-fracture. Besides, all the inorganic pore diameters there were less than 5μm, most distributed in 0.25μm-1.0μm and its inorganic porosity values range from 1.71% to 3.86%, the average value was 2.67%.
Application of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration Results in Prospecting Prediction: Taking Pangjiagou-Xiajinbaogou Au-Ag Polymetallic Ore in Hebei Chengde as an Example
Authors: Wang Dong , Yan Yong Feng , Chen Jiao Jiao
Published: September 2013

Pangjiagou-xiajinbaogou Au-Ag polymetallic ore in Hebei Chengde magmatic activity is very strong, mainly Late Jurassic - Early Cretaceous of granite and Late Yanshanian alteration of acidic rocks, archean metamorphic rocks and Middle Proterozoic strata containing mainly gold seam. Studies show that the area is insignificant on main rock resistivity, and all kinds of mineral body, mineralized rocks Fs> 2.4%, gneiss containing high gold abundance, gold body, auriferous quartz veins are greater than 2.4% Fs,can be used as an indirect sign on geophysical prospecting. Sb, As, Pb, Ag, Au and other elements of the exception can be used as indirect signs on geochemical prospecting. After considering this area geophysical, geochemical characteristics analysis of, binding studies geological conditions, prospecting method using the analogy prediction target region, the success of the orebody found.
The Concentration of Environmentally Important Trace Elements in Permian Coals in Xinan Coalfield, Henan, China
Authors: Wang Xiao Mei , Jiao Yang Quan , Wang Xiao Ming , Wu Li Qun , Qiao Lei , Xie Hui Li
Published: September 2013

The concentration of fourteen environmentally important trace elements (Be, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Mo, Sn, Ba, Tl, Pb, Th and U) was studied in thirteen coal samples from Xinan coalfield, Henan province. In addition, virtrinite reflectance analysis, proximate analysis and elemental analysis were also conducted on these samples. The vitrinite reflectance values (Ro) ranges from 2% to 2.35%, revealing that these samples are lean coal. The coals have low moisture content, with Madvalue ranging from 0.57 to 0.95%. The ash and volatile matter content vary between 8.11-22.61% and 10.36-14.64%, respectively. Carbon, hydrogen, sulphur and nitrogen content vary between 71.51-83.54%, 3.068-3.879%, 0.494-2.326% and 0.953-1.38%, respectively. In comparison with the crustal average (Clarke value), some potentially hazardous elements are moderately enriched in the coals from Xinan coalfield, such as Pb, Th, U, Sn and Mo. The average concentration of most of the elements in Xinan coalfield coals is in the range of Chinese coals and world coals. No elements with the abnormally high concentrations analyzed are found.
Experimental Study on Determination of Total Iron in Water by Automatic Discrete Spectrophotometry
Authors: Liu Bing Tao , Ding Peng Ju
Published: September 2013

A new method was introduced for rapid measurement of iron ions in drinking water by automatic discrete spectrophotometry. In the iron concentration range 0-1.5mg/L, the linear relationship was good and the correlation coefficient was 0.9998. The total iron detection of recovery efficiency was 99.94%±1.6% and detection limit was 0.006mg/L and precision of the RSD% was 0.35%. The results show that the method was direct, fast, stable operation and lower iron concentration in water can be accurately detected.There is no significant difference compared with the results of atomic absorption spectrometry methods.
Study on Beneficiation Methods of Gold Ore in Vietnam
Authors: Cao Shi Ming , Zhang Xiao Lin , Zeng Shu Qin
Published: September 2013

This ore from Vietnam contains a lot of slime, disseminated extent of valuable mineral is fine, and the gold grade of raw ore is low; therefore, this ore is hard to concentrate. Through the study can be found that qualified indices are not able to be obtained through single gravity separation or single flotation. Based on the analysis of test data, and taking the nature of the ore into account, proposed a united process of gravity separation and flotation. The test results show that the process has achieved qualified results.
Tectonic Evolution and Sequence Filling of Paleocene in Lishui Sag, East China Sea Shelf Basin
Authors: Liu Jin Shui , Zhang Ming , Zhang Jin Liang , Wang Chun Yan , Zhang Peng Hui
Published: September 2013

The Lishui sag located at Southwest of the East China Sea Shelf Basin. It had undergone the four stages of syn-rift processes in Late Cretaceous to Paleocene: initial rift stage, main rift stage, stable rift stage and decline stage. The tectonic evolution has control effect on the development of sequence stratigraphy and the sediments distribution. Three second-order sequences, five third-order sequences and twelve system tracts are distinguished. Different sedimentary facies recognized in the Lishui sag.
Application of Kriging Method to Evaluation of the Water Inrush Risk
Authors: Zhang Guang Peng , Zhang Wen Quan , Sun Pei Cong , Zhao Kai , Liu Zhi Da
Published: September 2013

The water disaster of floor in coal mine is a difficult problem of production and scientific research. Coal mine workers and scientific-technological workers are very concerned about this problem.The pressure-bearing karst water of 5# limestone poses a threat to production of 8# coal seam. Combining with the method of water inrush coefficient and Kriging interpolation method analyze the possibility of water inrush. The water inrush coefficient contour map has good convexity, verisimilitude and smoothness. Results accord with actual situation and intuitively reflect the 8# coal seam floor water inrush risk .The water inrush coefficient in the actual mining area is not more than 0.1 MPa/m, but in the future and in mining regional the water inrush coefficient could be very big, so we need to take the necessary precautions.
Law of Ground Subsidence and Strata Movement Caused by Backfill Mining of "under Three" Coal
Authors: Yu Wei Jian , Feng Tao , Chen Xin Yuan
Published: September 2013

Taking 24 mining area of Zhouyuanshan mine as the research object, analysis on law of ground subsidence and strata movement caused by backfill mining of "under three" coal is carried on by using numerical simulation method. A three-dimensional numerical model is established by using FLAC 3D software. To analyze the computational scheme of remain wide coal pillar and gradually to finish backfill mining, results showed that the maximal subsidence displacement value is 30.8mm along the coal strike and the subsidence displacement value is 32.1mm along the coal seam inclination; In addition, computational scheme of backfill mining with narrow coal pillar is analyzed, results showed that the filling body plays a stronger supporting role for the roof strata, to fully mobilize the bearing capacity of filling body, forming a relatively coordinated bearing system of " backfill body + coal pillar + overlying strata ".
Comprehensive Utilization Status of Low Grade and Refractory Platinum-Palladium Ores from Jinbaoshan of Yunnan
Authors: Chen Ci Yun , Wen Shu Ming , Feng Qi Cheng , Zhao He Fei
Published: September 2013

It is difficult to handle platinum-palladium ores in Jinbaoshan due to low grade ores, kinds of mineral resources, complex mineral structure, fine-grained dissemination, which is a typical refractory complex ores. Based on the research of lots of correlative literature, this article analyses refractory reasons of platinum-palladium ores in Jinbaoshan, and provides an overview of comprehensive utilization status of low grade and refractory platinum-palladium ores on behalf of single flotation process, stage grinding-stage sorting and the combined process of flotation and magnetic separation, microwave pretreatment-leaching-replacement process, and the activation of acid leaching-extracting magnesium and iron-leaching residue to flotation process and so on.
Effect of Reagent Regime on Flotation Performance of Refractory Oxidized Copper Ores Containing a High Content of Slime
Authors: Feng Qi Cheng , Wen Shu Ming , Zhao Wen Juan , Chen Ci Yun , Zhao He Fei , Wang Yi Jie
Published: September 2013

The study aimed to explore appropriate flotation reagents to recover copper minerals from a high content of slime and refractory oxidized copper ores. Based on the research on the properties of the material, the reagent regime was investigated and a technological flowsheet consisting of one roughing flotation, two concentrate flotation, three scavenging flotation and one concentrate-scavenging flotation was adopted to perform the closed circuit floatation experiment. The optimum depressor of flotation experiment was determined as CHO, activator as (NH4)2SO4 and collector as isoamyl xanthogenate. Under such a condition of reagent types and their appropriate reagent dosages, a copper recovery of 75.03% with a concentrate grade of 18.01% was obtained.
Study on the Effects of Tide-Induced Interface of the Fresh-Saline Groundwater Based on High Density Resistivity
Authors: Su Qiao , Peng Chang Sheng , Yu Hong Jun , Xu Xing Yong , Xu Xiu Li
Published: September 2013

Under the background of global environmental change and the influence of human activities on the environment increasingly significant, the research of continental-oceanic interaction has become the current hot issues in geological field research. The continuous dynamic monitoring of groundwater will be conducted, and technology validation about the dynamic changes of groundwater vary with tidal interactions will be studied in the seawater intrusion area of the laizhou bay using high density electrical method in this research.The results suggest that，If we obtain the value of electrical characteristics of the fresh-saline groundwater by numerically or laboratory experiments, Such as we choose 15 Ω· m in Laizhou Bay, we can use high-density electrical to continuous monitor to solve the Scientific Problems of the interface of the fresh-saline groundwater with the effect of tidal variation.
Accounting Method of the Environmental Compensation Value in Mineral Resources Developing
Authors: Li Ke Qing , Zhang Qiang , Wu Feng
Published: September 2013

Aiming at overcoming the disadvantage of ignoring environment resources value loss caused by mineral resources exploitation in traditional GDP accounting, a new accounting method was put forward. Through analyzing the forms of environment damage caused by mineral resources development, the mine environment problem was divided into seven forms: natural landscape damage, vegetation destruction, geological disasters, air pollution, water pollution, solid waste pollution and noise pollution. Based on this classification system and general principle of value estimate for environment resources, the value loss indexes of each form were identified, and the calculation method for every index was put forward. As a result of the research, an accounting model that can be used for green GDP accounting relative to mineral resources exploitation was obtained.