bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estudos em Ciências Contábeis: uma abordagem geral
Authors: Teodoro de Lima Izidoro Jucicléia ,   Ana Paula Monteiro de Oliveira,   Andrea Pereira da Conceição,   Cheila Fernandes de Andrade,   Gisele Leite Padilha
Published: June 2024

O livro Estudos em Ciências Contábeis: uma abordagem geral, foi produzido a partir de atividades realizadas pelos alunos de graduação do curso de Ciências Contábeis da Universidade Estadual do Tocantins. Este livro apresenta sete capítulos que discutem os conceitos fundamentais e a aplicabilidade da contabilidade em nosso cotidiano. Buscando aprimorar a pesquisa ao longo da graduação, os acadêmicos são convidados a refletir sobre o seu lugar no mundo, desenvolvendo pesquisas que possam ser facilmente aplicadas no cotidiano das pessoas e das empresas. Além disso, os estudos em desenvolvimento têm como objetivo primordial a regionalização, incorporando vivências locais de maneira direta. Esta primeira edição do livro traz estudos realizados no amplo ramo da Contabilidade 4.0, empreendedorismo e educação financeira que são assuntos amplamente discutidos na rotina acadêmica. A obra apresenta, na sua estrutura, uma organização de trabalhos selecionados do Curso de graduação em Estudos em Ciências Contábeis. A seleção dos trabalhos foi realizada pelos acadêmicos do Grupo de Pesquisa na disciplina de Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso I da Universidade Estadual do Tocantins – Unitins. Consideraram-se na análise os critérios: temática atual, problema, objetivos, metodologia, resultados da pesquisa, coerência e coesão textual.
Guilty Pleasures: Lesetipps für den Sommer
Authors: Anderson Sage , Höhne Stefan , Leinung Mona , Metzdorf Luzie , Paul Morten , Phillips Roxanne , Reiling Laura M. , Runge Evelyn , Schmidt Jonas , Scholz Danilo
Published: June 2024

Auch in diesem Sommer gibt es wieder unsere Lesetipps vom KWI, allerdings dieses Mal mit inhaltlichem Fokus: guilty pleasures. Sie sind, von Billigflügen bis binge watching, allgegenwärtig. Dabei wirken die Distinktionsgesten, ästhetischen Urteile und politischen Begehren, die an sie andocken, nicht nur im Privaten: Als ein komplexes Gemisch aus Lust, Scham und Reue bilden guilty pleasures eine unübersichtliche Arena gesellschaftlicher und kultureller Auseinandersetzungen. Auf das letzte KWI-Jahresthema „Mehr oder Weniger“ folgt im Jahr 2024/2025 „Guilty Pleasures“. Das Jahresthema setzt sich zum Ziel, mehr als nur den schlechten Ruf des schuldbesetzten Vergnügens zu erkunden, und geht den vielfältigen Formen, Funktionen und historischen Zusammenhängen dieses Phänomens auf den Grund. Die Lesetipps aus dem KWI-Kollegium stecken erste Linien ab und laden ein, über eigene guilty pleasures nachzudenken und – womöglich – auch darüber zu sprechen. Es war mitunter nicht wenig Unbehagen dabei, die Lesetipps auf dem Blog zu teilen. Zu Recht? Zumindest lässt sich schon einmal festhalten: guilty pleasures sind ziemlich knifflig. Kann und will man sagen, wofür man sich wirklich schämt? Welche (bildungsbürgerliche) Inszenierung ist jedem Tipp stets immanent?
Effectiveness of Speed Cameras on the Prevention of Road Traffic Collisions and Casualties in Cameroon
Authors: Awamachi Apongnwu W. , Tambi Mbu D. , Elambo Nkeng G.
Published: June 2024

Issues related to transport collision and casualties cannot be undermined as it has a direct effect on human health and death, hence relevant policies are required to reduce road traffic accidents. Our study discussed the factors influencing the use of speed cameras by drivers in Cameroon, the study investigated the effects of speed cameras on the prevention of road traffic collisions and casualties in Cameroon and determined the actual problems faced by drivers in the use of speed cameras in Cameroon. Methodologically, the study applied the probit technique to estimate the result via primary data. The sample size consisted of 200 drivers collected through a well-structured questionnaire distributed among the drivers plying the Yaoundé-Douala, Douala-Bafoussam, and Bafoussam-Yaoundé major highways. The key findings revealed a significant link between the factors influencing drivers' use of speed cameras and their impact on road safety. These factors included main occupation, level of education, marital status, age, and prior involvement in traffic incidents. Notably, the study found that an increased presence of speed cameras led to a substantial reduction in road traffic collisions by 41.4% and road traffic casualties by 6.9%. This emphasized the crucial role of speed cameras in effectively mitigating road accidents and their resulting injuries in Cameroon. Alongside this, it highlighted the practical challenges associated with speed camera implementation, such as inadequate awareness, abrupt speed changes, signage issues, limited visibility, technical constraints, and privacy concerns. These findings collectively underscored the need for comprehensive strategies to address both the behavioural and infrastructural aspects of road safety to ensure the effective use of speed cameras for accident prevention in Cameroon. The study suggests that decision-makers in the transport sector should multiply the provision of speed cameras. This is a wise step in the prevention of road traffic collisions and casualties in Cameroon and a better labour market
PHOTOSYNTHETIC ACTIVITY OF SUNFLOWER CULTIVARS IN DIFFERENT SOWING SCHEMES
Authors:   PhD of Tashkent State Agrarian University, Uzbekistan, Suyunovna Togaeva Sarvinoz
Published: June 2024

The main way to increase the yield of sunflower is to grow modern early-ripening varieties adapted to the soil conditions of the region for each region. In this scientific article, the main elements of the technology of cultivation of oil sunflower as a repeated crop of high-yielding early-ripening varieties have been developed. Sunflower was planted as a repeat crop after wheat, and when the planting schemes were used correctly, increased leaf area had a positive effect on yield. As the feeding area increased, the number of leaves increased and the highest value was observed in the planting scheme of 70x35–1. Dilbar variety of sunflower produced more leaves than all three cultivars in all planting schemes in terms of leaf number index due to its large leaves and high yield.
THE ROLE OF CLOSTRIDIUM DIFFICILE IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF ANTIBIOTIC-ASSOCIATED DIARRHEA IN EARLY-AGED CHILDREN
Authors:   The head of the department of propaedutics of children's diseases, associate professor at Samarkand State Medical University,Uzbekistan, Toshtemirovna Rabbimova Dilfuza , Mansurovna Shavdirova Gulbonu ,   Doctoral student at the Department of propaedeutics of children's diseases at Samarkand State Medical University,Uzbekistan
Published: June 2024

Interest in studying the problem of diarrhea in children is due to their wide distribution (1-1.2 billion cases per year worldwide according to WHO, 2010), polyetiology, difficulty of differential diagnosis and tendency to acute and chronic course. In recent years, foreign and domestic authors have attached increasing importance to the so-called antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD), components: 6-40% in the structure of intestinal diseases. In the etiological structure of AAD in young children, the share of C.difficile infection was 47%. A rusk factor for development is also combination therapy with antibiotics.
MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF THE BRONCHUS OF THE LUNG IN CHILDREN FROM 8 TO 12 YEARS OF AGE
Authors:   Tashkent Medical Academy,Uzbekistan, Sodikova Z.Sh. , Xojanazarova S.J. ,   Tashkent Medical Academy,Uzbekistan, Koriev S.A. ,   Tashkent Medical Academy,Uzbekistan
Published: June 2024

The pulmonary vessels and their endothelium plays the role of a physiological barrier for numerous biologically active substances, then the epithelium and connective tissue basis of the airways perform a barrier-protective function in relation to various environmental factors [1]. The bronchial secret produced by the mucous membrane is the result of the complex integration of the transudation of the plasma components of the blood, the secretory activity of the bronchial epithelium, glands, the cells of the connective tissue and blood cells (neutrophils, fat cells, eosinophils, macrophages, etc.). From the presented few literature presented, it becomes obvious that the structure of the lung function is closely integrated with the lymphatic system. Located in the immediate vicinity of both peribronchial and alveolar blood capillaries, the flow of lymph goes along the bronchial tree and along the subpleural tissue, in its most lungs and the lymph nodes located here, as well as tangential along the plane of the pleura [2.3] .Based on the foregoing, the purpose of this work is to establish in posttal ontogenesis the laws of the formation and involution of bronchial vascular and lymphatic systems in a person, epithelial connective tissue relationships in the air and respiratory parts of the lung (1.4).
THE ROLE OF BIOFEEDBACK IN THE PRACTICE OF PSYCHOLOGISTS
Authors:   Doctoral student of Tashkent State Pedagogical University, Uzbekistan, Yakubova Guzal
Published: June 2024

This article about a new modern method of psychology provides complete information about biofeedback, describes in detail the use of biofeedback in the practice of psychologists in the Uzbek environment as an effective psychocorrective weapon for various psychological and psychophysiological problems in the implementation of psychocorrective work.
Strategi Efektif dalam Pengembangan Literasi dan Numerasi Siswa SD Kelas V
Authors: Suryadi Angga , Kadek Ananda Pratiwi  , Putra I Putu Risky Ardana , Yani Ketut Candra , Mirayani Komang , Werang Basillius Redan
Published: June 2024

This study explores effective strategies in developing literacy and numeracy of grade V elementary school students in Indonesia. The research method uses a literature study that analyzes various articles, books, and reports related to government policies on strengthening literacy and numeracy. The data sources in this study come from scientific journals, reference books, research reports, and relevant government policy documents. The data collection technique involves searching literature through academic databases, digital libraries, and official government websites. Data analysis is carried out using the content analysis method, where the collected data is categorized and evaluated to identify key themes and effective strategies. The results showed that project-based teaching methods, thematic learning, and the use of educational technology can significantly improve students' literacy skills. In addition, problem-based learning methods, contextual learning, and the use of educational games and manipulative aids are effective in increasing student numeracy. Teacher training and professional development as well as government policy support such as the National Literacy Movement, School Literacy Movement, Minimum Competency Assessment, and Merdeka Belajar curriculum also play an important role in the success of these strategies. The excellence of this article lies in the comprehensive analysis and integration of various innovative teaching strategies, as well as the emphasis on ongoing policy support. In conclusion, continuous support from various parties is needed to ensure the improvement of the quality of student literacy and numeracy education in Indonesia.
Verses and Poems About Mount Ararat, The Flood And Noah’s Ark
Authors: Belli Oktay , Younker Randall W. , Belli Vedat Evren
Published: June 2024

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Cómo Influye el Acompañamiento de los Padres en el Rendimiento Académico de los Niños con Trastorno de Lenguaje Expresivo
Authors: Payares Tapia Ana Milena , De Jesús Talaigua Karen Tatiana , Garavito Campillo Erica
Published: June 2024

El presente artículo nace de la investigación sobre la influencia que tienen los padres en el rendimiento académico de los niños con trastorno del lenguaje expresivo, ya que la comunicación afectiva desempeña un papel esencial, permitiendo que los niños con (TLE), se expresen y se relacionen de manera positiva en su entorno. Es importante reconocer que cada niño es único y tiene ritmos diferentes en el aprendizaje, pero, cuando un niño enfrenta dificultades en el lenguaje expresivo, afecta la capacidad para comunicarse verbalmente y de manera segura, esto  plantea desafíos significativos en el ámbito académico del niño, por tanto, esta investigación tiene por objetivo analizar cómo influye el acompañamiento de los padres en el rendimiento académico de los niños con trastorno de lenguaje expresivo (TLE), pues busca afirmar que en un espacio de vinculo y de interacción entre los padres e hijos en el ámbito académico el TLE pode mejora. La metodología utilizada para esta investigación es cualitativa y de tipo fenomenológica, involucrando a 10 padres del Centro Educativo el Porvenir en Tuchin Córdoba, cuyos hijos presentan TLE. Este enfoque les permite reflexionar sobre las capacidades intelectuales de sus hijos y abordar los factores que afectan su desarrollo académico positivo. Se destaca que el acompañamiento activo de los padres puede facilitar la adaptación y marcar una gran diferencia en la vida académica de los niños con TLE, promoviendo un entorno propicio para su aprendizaje y desarrollo.
Digital Literacy and Critical Thinking Skills Among Grade 5 Learners
Authors: M. Mabini Harley , D. Gallardo Remigilda
Published: June 2024

This research focused on the relationship between digital literacy and critical thinking skills among Grade 5 learners. In terms of methodology, descriptive correlational research design, utilizing a survey method, was employed to capture the digital literacy and critical thinking skills among Grade 5 learners. The research instrument, a self-reported survey questionnaire, was crafted to resonate with the cognitive and communicative capacities of the respondents. The survey encompassed indicators ranging from basic digital skills to online safety, providing a holistic view of the participants' digital literacy proficiencies. A simple random sampling technique was applied to select 100 Grade 5 learners as respondents. This approach ensured a representative sample, allowing for generalizability within the specified population. The survey data underwent rigorous statistical analysis, employing tools such as mean, Pearson-r, and regression analysis to derive meaningful insights into the nuanced relationship between digital literacy and critical thinking skills. Correlation analysis reveals a substantial positive relationship between digital literacy and critical thinking skills, with a low p-value affirming statistical significance. The regression model emphasized Online Safety as particularly impactful. This empirical understanding provides a guide for educators, policymakers, and future researchers, outlining means to develop further the critical thinking abilities among Grade 5 learners in the digital era.
The Impact of Globalization on Business Management
Authors: Koli Madhushri
Published: June 2024

Globalisation is a very challenging programme. Now, there is too much of it. The third world nations are rapidly bridging the economic gap with the upper and middle class of rich nations. Globalisation is associated with higher levels of investment. It has brought rapid increases in the volume of foreign investment. National cultures and business attitudes are also evolving – many non-European and American business school students hire their own teachers in higher education. And one is never innocently national, but without restructuring national strength and sovereignty, globalisation is irreversible, flexible, and inexorable. Yet, a new community is gradually emerging based on a new kind of business ethic and mutual corporate service instead of a balance of power built around a nation's trade nationalism, and the world is richer than it ever was. Rapid innovation and growth in financial markets are, to some extent, explained by the reduction of trading barriers and situations. All of these predictions and shifts are pushing us deeper into globalisation. The subject of research is the determination of the level of globalisation in topical conditions and the development of classes of measurement criteria.
Centenary Paper: Traducción y censura: un viaje al fin de la noche franquista
Authors: MESEGUER CUTILLAS PURIFICACIÓN
Published: June 2024

Este estudio parte del supuesto de que la censura franquista no se limitaba a modificar o silenciar aquellas novelas que no se adaptaban a los estándares ideológicos, sino que se apropiaba de ellas para conformar un nuevo sistema literario. Al hilo de estudios anteriores, se pretende establecer bajo qué forma llegó en 1973
Voyage au bout de la nuit
(1939), de Louis-Ferdinand Céline. El insigne y controvertidísimo autor, que sigue hoy crispando la memoria literaria francesa, fue prohibido en España hasta 1968 cuando apareció su primera novela. El texto objeto de estudio, tan corrosivo como subversivo para con los valores oficiales en vigor, tuvo que esperar cuarenta años antes de traspasar el férreo control establecido por el régimen. Un minucioso análisis textual y el estudio de los expedientes del Archivo General de la Administración nos permiten desentrañar las razones por las que esta novela sorteó la censura franquista.
POSSIBILITIES OF APPLYING A LOW-TEMPERATURE CENTRALIZED HEAT SUPPLY NETWORK IN A MULTI-APARTMENT BUILDING DISTRICT
Authors: Rugieniūtė Edita , Bielskus Juozas
Published: June 2024

Lithuania‘s district heating (DH) network tends to maintain high heat transfer temperatures, which limit the efficiency of the system. The aim of this study is to assess the impact of DH and reduced heat transfer temperature in the building on space heating and the possibility of reducing the heat transfer temperature (down to 60 °C) in the DH network by looking at different scenarios and the heat demand of buildings. Three alternatives were analysed: the installation of a temperature-lowering module (mixing unit) in the thermal chamber and the retro-fitting of existing piping and heating appliances, where the temperature of the DH fluid is lowered up to 60 °C and the temperature of the radiators is lowered to 60/40/20. The possibility of lowering the DH heat transfer temperature without upgrading the network by installing heat pumps individually in the buildings or in the heat chamber is examined. An hourly data analysis of a 2-year heating system model for a typical building showed that lowering the DHW temperature to 60 °C and leaving the existing area of heating appliances in the building will not meet the heat demand of the buildings.
A Catalog of Early-type Runaway Stars from LAMOST DR8
Authors: Guo Yanjun , Wang 王 Luqian 璐茜 , Liu 刘 Chao 超 , Wu 吴 You 优 , Han 韩 ZhanWen 占文 , Chen 陈 XueFei 雪飞
Published: June 2024

Runaway stars are OB-type stars ejected from their birthplace with large peculiar velocities. The leading hypothesis addressed in their formation includes the supernova ejection mechanism and the dynamic ejection scenario. Identification of runaway populations is the first step to investigating their formation and evolution. Here we present our work of searching for Galactic runaway candidate stars from the Large sky Area Multi-Object fiber Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST) Medium Resolution Survey Data Release 8 (DR8) database. After studying the kinematic properties for a collection of 4432 early-type stars, predominantly B-type stars, using radial velocity measurements from LAMOST DR8 and astrometric solutions made by Gaia Data Release 3, we identified 229 runaway candidate stars. They span a wide distribution in projected rotational velocities. We investigated the Galactic spatial distribution of the runaway population and noticed that most of them likely reside within the Galactic thin disk. Based upon analyzing the Doppler shifts of the candidate stars, we found two binary runaway candidates displaying velocity variations with estimated orbital periods of 40 and 61 days.
Efficacy comparison of high-genetic barrier nucleos(t)ide analogues in treatment-naïve chronic hepatitis B patients: a network meta-analysis
Authors: Lee Jaejun , Lee Ahlim , Sung Pil Soo , Jang Jeong Won , Bae Si Hyun , Choi Jong Young , Yoon Seung Kew , Yang Hyun
Published: June 2024

Background/Aims: Four high-genetic barrier nucleos(t)ide analogues (NAs) for chronic hepatitis B (CHB), namely entecavir (ETV), tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF), tenofovir alafenamide (TAF), and besifovir dipivoxil maleate (BSV), have been established. The aim of this study is to investigate the efficacy of four high-genetic barrier NAs using a network meta-analysis of randomized trials and propensity score-matched cohorts.Methods: Systematic search was performed using PubMed, Cochrane library, and EMBASE and included randomized controlled trials and cohort studies that used propensity score matching. Studies on treatment-naïve CHB patients treated with ETV, TDF, TAF, or BSV were included. Outcomes included alanine aminotransferase normalization and hepatitis B e antigen seroclearance at week 48 and undetectable hepatitis B virus DNA at weeks 48 and 96. Network meta-analysis was performed to synthesize the results.Results: In total, 15,000 patients from 16 studies were included. In terms of 48- and 96-week virologic response (VR), TDF outperformed ETV with statistical significance (48 weeks: odds ratio [OR], 1.38; p < 0.001; 96 weeks: OR, 1.57; p = 0.004). ETV was ranked first for 48-week biochemical response (BR) and outperformed TDF (OR, 0.76; p = 0.028). In the sensitivity analyses, 48-week VR from randomized-controlled trials were compiled, and the same trend toward the superiority of TDF over ETV was found (OR, 1.51; p = 0.030).Conclusions: Four high-genetic barrier NAs were compared, and TDF was more likely to achieve a VR after 48 weeks, while ETV provided a superior BR after 48 weeks.
Addressing the Shortage of Academic Nurse Educators: Enlisting Public and Business Sectors as Advocates
Authors: Lee Jan , Logan Laura , Pajarillo Edmund , Kubanick Valerie , Brown Frederick , Kabigting Edwin-Nikko , Santee Roseminda , Doria Jenneth , Seibold-Simpson Susan , Bajwa Maria
Published: June 2024

The nursing shortage continues to grow, leaving healthcare systems and patients in a precarious situation. A major reason for the shortage is the lack of nursing faculty to educate future nurses, which has hindered nursing programs nationwide from accepting students interested in a nursing career. This qualitative study explored the existing academic nurse educator shortage and sought solutions that an important stakeholder group, the public and business sector/business owners, might implement to mitigate the dual shortage of professional nurses and academic nurse educators. Using a modified Nominal Group Technique (NGT) design, the research team identified five major stakeholder groups which could benefit from addressing the academic nurse educator shortage. Team subgroups reviewed relevant literature and crafted recommendations to address the academic nurse educator shortage. This article discusses findings from one of these major stakeholders: the public and business/business owner sectors. Forty-five academic nurse educators were recruited from volunteers engaged in a national nursing education online forum and 25 participants completed the study. Five themes emerged: encourage lobbying efforts with legislators; engage the media in exposing the relationship of the academic nurse educator shortage and the nursing shortage; incentivize higher education opportunities for nurses to become academic nurse educators; elevate the life experience of patients; and stakeholder collaboration. A continued partnership between the public/business sectors/business owners and leaders within the profession of nursing must exist to enhance the academic nurse educator role. Only with this partnership can those within the profession of nursing continue to serve the public sustainably for years to come.
Generational Harmony in Nursing
Authors: Scholz Mellum Jean
Published: June 2024

Since the 2006 Online Journal of Issues in Nursing (OJIN) topic on generations in nursing, cohorts have changed. The Silent Generation has been replaced by Gen Z and the Millennials have overtaken the Baby Boomers as the largest generation in the nursing workforce. The purpose of this article is to provide an update of generational differences in the nursing workforce and integrate developmental stages from Erikson’s Theory of Life Stages to help all nurses seek a deeper understanding about how age and life experiences shape the nursing workforce. The article will conclude with implications for improving the nursing workforce and creating its preferred culture. Through a deeper understanding of generational cohorts and life stages, readers will integrate nuances associated with age and experience and consider ways to set aside differences associated with age group affiliation. Intentional and mutual respect for nurses for their unique contributions can contribute to harmony across all generations in the nursing workforce.
Clinique des institutions
Authors: Gratton Emmanuel
Published: June 2024

L’institution, souvent appréhendée dans une forme d’abstraction, mobilise pourtant les corps des sujets dans leur différence sexuée et imaginairement régie par des fantasmes sexuels. L’institution n’échappe pas à la matérialité du corps et à son action. Se projetant souvent comme « corps », l’institution, à travers les groupes, mobilise des fantasmes qui en appellent à la différenciation ou à l’indifférenciation des sexes et à leurs rapports.
La fécondité pédagogique des paradoxes dans le néoplatonisme (Plotin, Proclus, Damascius)
Authors: Tresnie Corentin
Published: June 2024

Chez Plotin, le paradoxe est l’énonciation d’une ou plusieurs vérités démontrables mais difficiles à croire. Il permet une mise à distance par rapport au langage, qui ouvre la voie à son examen approfondi et à son dépassement. Proclus reprend et développe ce rôle du paradoxe, en insistant sur sa fonction d’étonnement, censé susciter la motivation de l’interlocuteur ou du lecteur, même quand il ignore son ignorance. Celui-ci est alors poussé à approfondir le raisonnement, voire à susciter lui-même des apories afin de résoudre le problème. Damascius reprend ce dernier point, sans mention du paradoxe, au service d’une enquête philosophique avancée qui le mène au renoncement à la connaissance plutôt qu’à l’enseignement.
A Tale of Two Taphonomies
Authors: Maines Emma
Published: June 2024

The Kadruka concession represents an area of study grouping together a large number of funerary (as well as habitat) sites located in Upper Nubia in modern day Sudan. Five of these sites (KDK1, KDK2, KDK18, KDK21 and KDK23) served as the basis for a doctoral thesis that provided a new perspective on the identity and practices of these populations. These results are part of a larger and ongoing project, which aims to expand our understanding of the Kadruka area, how the different sites relate to one another and to the surrounding region more broadly. Initially excavated and studied by J. Reinold and C. Simon from the 1980s to the early 2000s, the vast documentation made available by this work served as an important means to perform a taphonomic analysis on this collection of burials a posteriori. Traditionally, the term taphonomy possesses two different meanings within its use in archaeology. On the one hand there is the widely used English language definition and on the other there is its meaning and scope in French. Both uses contribute significantly to an improved understanding of the diversity of methods of disposal of the dead, of deposition practices for grave-goods and of the way in which a cemetery may have functioned within a specific environment.
A Research Itinerary from Fieldwork to Archives: Cape Town (South Africa), Festivals, Music, ‘Identities,’ Politics
Authors: Martin Denis-Constant
Published: June 2024

For more than twenty years (from 1992 till 2015) I did research on the New Year Festivals which are organized at the beginning of every year in Cape Town (South Africa). These festivals include three series of competitions: between carnival troupes named Klopse (from the English clubs), between male choirs called Singkoore or Malay Choirs and between Christian brass bands known as Christmas Choirs or Christmas Bands. In the course of this research, I conducted a great number of interviews, videoed and photographed the festivals and their preparations, collected many printed documents on which I based several articles, book chapters and books (in English and in French); I also recorded a CD with a local choir singing for the Klopse as well as for the Singkoore and produced a video documentary on the 1994 edition of the festival. In this paper I explain the conditions in which I conducted this research, underlining the importance of the partnership I entered into with major actors of the festivals, and signal the implications of such partnerships. I also discuss the conditions in which my documentation was assembled and why most of it was deposited with a South African musical archive.
Thoughts on a Changing Landscape for Research Archiving in the Cloud Era: A Critical Perspective from South Africa
Authors: Layne Valmont
Published: June 2024

This article reflects on humanities research and archival futures in Southern Africa in the Cloud era—those collections that support research on an institutionalised basis, including sound and related collections. Since the 1990s, for comparably smaller, lesser resourced institutions in South Africa, a scramble for digital Africa amid a technological divide piled upon other inequities. This condition has manifested in today’s big technology stacks and stakes. What then, does it mean for archives and their work of helping to produce the conditions for a meaningful engagement with the past and the present, indeed the future? A major challenge for research archives, it seems, may be to do the work of enabling epistemic access, which includes an orientation to ethics from the south, with the new set of vocabularies of digital sovereignty on the other hand. It is also crucial to redefine archival restitution as a social process in which the sovereignty of local communities, digital and otherwise, matters.
Effect of laser-activated bleaching with 445, 915, and 970nm diode lasers on enamel color change: an in vitro study
Authors: Shahabi Sima , Tabatabaeian Alireza , Solimei Luca , Benedicenti Stefano , Saberi Sogol
Published: June 2024

Considering the increasing use of esthetic treatments, one of which is bleaching treatment, choosing the different wavelengths and parameters for this treatment can help in choosing the best treatment. Based on this, this study aimed to investigate bleaching with three wavelengths of 445nm, 915nm, and 970 nm on the amount of teeth discoloration. In this study, 77 human permanent teeth without caries were selected and randomly divided into 7 groups as control, 445 nm (1 and 1.5 W and time 20 seconds), 915 nm (2 and 2.5 W and time 30 seconds) and 970 nm (1.5 and 2 W and time 30 seconds). The bleaching gel used was 40% hydrogen peroxide bleaching gel(Ultradent-Opalescence, USA). All groups were subjected to laser irradiation with a 0.5 cm2 area with continuous wave mode radiation at a distance of 1 mm from the bleaching gel. Before starting the study, all the samples were subjected to calorimetry using a spectrophotometer. After bleaching with the said wavelengths, Color change data on the CIE L * a * b* system was analyzed statistically by the one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s HSD test. Based on the findings, ΔE was positive in all groups. The highest amount was in the 445nm 1.5w group and the lowest was seen in the control group and then in the 970nm 2w group (P<0.05). The highest dispersion of color change is related to the 445nm 1.5w group (P<0.05). In general, the results showed that the use of 445nm diode laser 1.5w (ΔE=12) and 970nm diode laser 2w (ΔE=37.5) was the most and least effective in teeth bleaching, respectively. According to the results of the present Invitro study, the 445 nm laser with a power of 1.5 watts had the most effect in changing tooth color, and the 970 nm group with a power of 2 watts showed the least effect.
Leveraging Transfer Learning for Efficient Diagnosis of COPD Using CXR Images and Explainable AI Techniques
Authors: Agughasi Victor Ikechukwu
Published: June 2024

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a predominant global health concern, ranking third in mortality rates, yet frequently remains undiagnosed until its advanced stages. Given its prevalence, the need for innovative and widely accessible diagnostic tools has never been more paramount. While spirometry tests serve as conventional diagnostic benchmarks, their reach remains limited, especially in regions with constrained medical resources. The presented research harnesses deep learning algorithms to facilitate early-stage COPD detection, specifically targeting Chest X-rays (CXRs). The clinically annotated VinDR-CXR dataset provides the primary foundation for model training, complemented by incorporating the ChestX-ray14 dataset for initial model pre-training. Such a dual-dataset strategy augments model generalization and adaptability. Among several explored Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) architectures, the Xception model emerges as a frontrunner. Through transfer learning methodologies, this model produces a noteworthy recall rate of 98.2%, markedly surpassing the metrics of the ResNet50 model. Recognizing the imperative for transparency in AI applications in medical imaging, the research integrates essential explainability approaches viz: Gradient Class Activation Mapping (Grad-CAM) and SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP). These techniques elucidate the AI’s decision-making process, offering invaluable visual and analytical insights for fostering trust among medical professionals. In essence, this study not only underscores the potential of integrating AI with medical imaging for COPD detection but also accentuates the pivotal role of transparency in AI-driven medical interventions.
Compound, Rust Remover, Solid/Powder Aircraft and Aerospace Components, Immersion Tank Method
Authors:   AMS J Aircraft Maintenance Chemicals and Materials Committee
Published: June 2024

This specification covers a rust removing compound in the form of a solid, generally powdered, to be dissolved in water, and heated.
Temperature Measuring Devices Nomenclature
Authors:   E-32 Aerospace Propulsion Systems Health Management
Published: June 2024

This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) defines the nomenclature of temperature measuring devices. General temperature measurement related terms are defined first, followed by nomenclature specifice to temperature measuring devices, particularly thermocouples.
Scribing of Coatings in Preparation for Testing of Wheels and Wheel Trim
Authors:   Wheel Standards Committee
Published: June 2024

This SAE practice is intended for the sample preparation of test pieces for automotive wheels and wheel trim. The practice provides a consistent scribing method for use on test panels and or component parts with substrate chemical pretreatment and coating systems. Test specimens can then be subjected to various corrosion tests in order to evaluate performance without significant variations of the degree of exposure of the substrate. The scribing is used to create a break in the coating/finishing as can occur in the field through gravel and other damaging conditions.

NOTE— Significant variability is attributed to surface contour, coating hardness/softness, operator reproducibility, and the scribing tool and it’s condition.
Exploring the Use of Natural Language Processing to Understand Emotions of Trainees and Faculty Regarding Entrustable Professional Activity Assessments
Authors: Johnson Devin , Chopra Sonaina , Bilgic Elif
Published: June 2024

Background In medical education, artificial intelligence techniques such as natural language processing (NLP) are starting to be used to capture and analyze emotions through written text.

Objective To explore the application of NLP techniques to understand resident and faculty emotions related to entrustable professional activity (EPA) assessments.

Methods Open-ended text data from a survey on emotions toward EPA assessments were analyzed. Respondents were residents and faculty from pediatrics (Peds), general surgery (GS), and emergency medicine (EM), recruited for a larger emotions study in 2023. Participants wrote about their emotions related to receiving/completing EPA assessments. We analyzed the frequency of words rated as positive via a validated sentiment lexicon used in NLP studies. Specifically, we were interested if the count of positive words varied as a function of group membership (faculty, resident), specialty (Peds, GS, EM), gender (man, woman, nonbinary), or visible minority status (yes, no, omit).

Results A total of 66 text responses (30 faculty, 36 residents) contained text data useful for sentiment analysis. We analyzed the difference in the count of words categorized as positive across group, specialty, gender, and being a visible minority. Specialty was the only category revealing significant differences via a bootstrapped Poisson regression model with GS responses containing fewer positive words than EM responses.

Conclusions By analyzing text data to understand emotions of residents and faculty through an NLP approach, we identified differences in EPA assessment-related emotions of residents versus faculty, and differences across specialties.
“I Went Into This Field to Empower Other People, and I Feel Like I Failed”: Residents Experience Moral Distress Post-Dobbs
Authors: Turk Jema K. , Claymore Emily , Dawoodbhoy Nafeesa , Steinauer Jody E.
Published: June 2024

Background The 2022 Supreme Court ruling in Dobbs v Jackson Women’s Health Organization nullified the constitutional right to abortion, which led to effective bans in at least 14 US states and placed obstetrics and gynecology (OB/GYN) residents in dilemmas where they may have to withhold care, potentially causing moral distress—a health care workforce phenomenon less understood among resident physicians.

Objective To identify and explore moral distress experienced by OB/GYN residents due to care restrictions post-Dobbs.

Methods In 2023, we invited OB/GYN residents, identified by their program directors, training in states with restricted abortion access, to participate in one-on-one, semi-structured interviews via Zoom about their experiences caring for patients post-Dobbs. We used thematic analysis to analyze interview data.

Results Twenty-one residents described their experiences of moral distress due to restrictions. We report on 3 themes in their accounts related to moral distress (and 4 subthemes): (1) challenges to their physician identity (inability to do the job, internalized distress, and reconsidering career choices); (2) participating in care that exacerbates inequities (and erodes patient trust); and (3) determination to advocate for and provide abortion care in the future.

Conclusions OB/GYN residents grappled with moral distress and identified challenges from abortion restrictions.
Implementation of a “Best Self” Exercise to Decrease Imposter Phenomenon in Residents
Authors: Rydberg Michael G. , Appleton Leslie K. , Fried Aaron J. , Cable Daniel M. , Bynum Debra L.
Published: June 2024

Background Imposter phenomenon (IP) is common in medicine. An intervention from the business world, the Reflected Best Self Exercise (RBSE), in which an individual elicits stories of themselves at their best, has not been studied in medical residents.

Objective To determine the feasibility of implementing the RBSE and its potential for reducing IP in residents.

Methods All incoming internal medicine and medicine-pediatrics interns in the 2022-2023 academic year at a single institution were invited to complete the RBSE. Participants elicited stories from contacts prior to beginning residency and received their stories during intern orientation in a 1-hour session led by one author with no prior training. Cost and time requirements were assessed. IP was measured via the Clance Impostor Phenomenon Scale (CIPS) at baseline, 1 month, and 6 months following the RBSE. Informal feedback on the RBSE was collected via surveys at 1 month and 6 months.

Results Nineteen of 35 interns (54.3%) completed the RBSE. It cost $75 per participant, for a total cost of $1,425. Twenty-eight of 35 (80%) completed the baseline CIPS, with scores similar between participants and nonparticipants (64.9 vs 68.9). CIPS scores were lower in participants at 1 month (57.6 vs 69.6) and 6 months (55.6 vs 64.5) but did not meet statistical significance. Survey feedback from participants suggested the intervention was beneficial.

Conclusions Implementing the RBSE in residents was feasible with reasonable cost and time commitment. It appeared highly acceptable to residents, with some promise of effects on an IP scale.
Internal Migration and Access to Health Insurance in Ghana: A Gendered Perspective
Authors: Atiglo Donatus Yaw , Abu Mumuni , Tagoe Cynthia Addoquaye , Badasu Delali Margaret , Codjoe Samuel Nii Ardey
Published: June 2024

Universal health coverage is a core strategy for attaining Sustainable Development Goal 3 of ensuring healthy lives and promoting wellbeing. Migration, like gender, is a social determinant of health and access to health insurance. Complementing recent studies on equitable access to health care, this paper examines the relationship between internal migration and access to health insurance in Ghana using a gendered lens. This study utilises data on 35302 persons (16685 men and 18617 women) aged 15 years and above from the Ghana Living Standards Survey Round 7. Using gender-stratified logit models, we assess the effects of migrant status on current health insurance enrolment adjusting for other background factors. Overall, about 56% of people are enrolled on health insurance, with higher enrolment among women (60%) than men (43%). Urban non-migrants and urban in-migrants have the highest proportions enrolled while rural in-migrants have the lowest. Apart from urban non-migrants, rural-urban migrants have a higher proportion enrolled than all other categories. Among women, rural-urban migrants are less likely than urban non-migrants to be enrolled but among men only this applies to urban-rural migrants. Rural-rural migrants are the least likely to be enrolled, compared with urban non-migrants among all groups. Internal migration is significantly associated with access to health; however, the patterns of association are different for men and women in Ghana. The findings highlight the unequal access by in-migrants to healthcare. Efforts to improve universal access to health care must strategically target migrants, using a gendered approach, to increase their health insurance coverage in Ghana.
Implementation of School-Based Sexual Health Curriculum in Tanzania: Perspectives of Secondary School Adolescents in Southern Highlands
Authors: Kamangu Ahmad , Mbago Maurice
Published: June 2024

This study investigates how adolescents in the Iringa Region of Tanzania perceive the sexual health education curricula currently taught in secondary schools. Utilizing a quantitative, cross-sectional design, the study involved 372 adolescents who filled out survey questionnaires. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics to provide insights into their views. Most participants (95%) were between 15 and 19 years old, with a composition of 64% females and 36% males. About 57.3% were day scholars, while 42.7% were boarders, and the religious composition included 87.4% Christians and 11.3% Muslims. The results showed that 77.7% of adolescents reported receiving sexual health education, which covered many critical topics but notably excluded homosexuality. The study found good comprehension of topics like the reproductive system, puberty, and sexually transmitted diseases, but identified significant gaps in understanding family planning, sexual orientation, and responsible behaviors. Additionally, many adolescents suggested that topics such as confidence in relationships, puberty, sexual health, and behavior should be introduced as early as primary school. The conclusion drawn from the findings is that while sexual health education is implemented in secondary schools within the studied areas, the coverage of topics is incomplete. The study recommends the development of an age-appropriate, comprehensive sexuality education curriculum that addresses the full spectrum of necessary topics to equip adolescents with the knowledge and skills required for making informed decisions related to their sexual health.
A RELAÇÃO ENTRE A INTERNACIONALIZAÇÃO DO CURRÍCULO EDUCACIONAL E A TECNOLOGIA
Authors: Nascimento Cassia Danielle Lonardoni do , Souza Átila de , Narciso Rodi , Polari Silene de Freitas Oliveira , Santos Zaqueu Do Nascimento
Published: June 2024

Este trabalho teve por objetivo conhecer a participação da tecnologia nos currículos educacionais, observando sua interatividade e práticas inovadoras envolvidas nos processos. Observando conjuntamente a internacionalização do currículo brasileiro e a participação do Brasil em meio a estas mudanças internacionais. Como metodologia, foi realizada uma revisão descritiva de literatura, sendo classificada como uma pesquisa retrospectiva, secundária, quantitativa e qualitativa. Para o desenvolvimento do estudo, foi utilizado os descritores “Currículos educacionais” e “tecnologia” nas bases de dados do portal de periódicos da CAPES/MEC. Considerando alguns critérios de inclusão para serem utilizados, como: artigos publicados no período de 2017 a 2022; em periódicos nacionais, na área da educação, publicados em português e que se encontravam na íntegra e com os devidos endereços eletrônicos abertos ao público sem a necessidade de cadastros para acesso. Sendo excluídas as pesquisas que não se enquadraram nesses critérios de inclusão mencionados acima. Desta forma, ficaram evidentes os desafios da construção do currículo educacional diante das mudanças culturais em meio a digitalização dos processos. Ao mesmo tempo que a evolução é inevitável e transformadora.