bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development and Application of 3D‐Printed Electrochemical Sensors for Ciprofloxacin Detection
Authors: Henriques Brunna F. , Neumann Amanda , Bertolim Lucas V. , de Freitas Rafaela C. , Silva Luiz R. G. , Stefano Jéssica S. , Janegitz Bruno C.
Published: January 2025

The production of electrochemical devices and systems using additive manufacturing technology, particularly three‐dimensional (3D) printing, has proven to be highly promising. This work reports the development of 3D‐printed electrochemical sensors for the determination of the antibiotic ciprofloxacin (CIP). To achieve this, a lab‐made conductive filament composed of carbon black (CB) and polylactic acid (PLA) was produced and utilized in the fabrication of the sensors. Additionally, an electrochemical cell was constructed using a nonconductive filament, resulting in a miniaturized and entirely additively manufactured platform. The characterization of the proposed CB–PLA sensor was carried out using scanning electron microscopy and electrochemical techniques. The proposed sensor has shown a linear range of 1.0–12.5 µmol L−1, with a sensitivity of 3.77 µA µmol−1 L, and limits of detection and quantification of 0.3 and 0.9 µmol L−1 for CIP, respectively. Regarding the analysis of the samples (tap water and synthetic urine), it was observed recovery values close to 100% for all samples. Thus, the 3D‐printed electrochemical device presents itself as a high‐potential alternative for CIP drug control, with the possibility of being used in the field and point of care.
Integrated SegFlow, µSIA, and UPLC for Online Sialic Acid Quantitation of Glycoproteins Directly from Bioreactors
Authors: Chemmalil Letha , Kulkarni Tanmay , Raman Mathura , Singh Priya , Qian Yueming , Chumsae Chris , McHugh Kyle , Huang Zhuangrong , Hodgman Eric , Borys Michael C. , Ding Julia , Li Gloria , Leone Anthony
Published: January 2025

This study emphasizes the critical importance of closely monitoring and controlling the sialic acid content in therapeutic glycoproteins, including EPO, interferon‐γ, Orencia, Enbrel, and others, as the level of sialylation directly impacts their pharmacokinetics (PK), immunogenicity, potency, and overall clinical performance due to its influence on protein clearance via hepatic asialoglycoprotein receptors (ASGPR). The ASGPR recognizes and binds to glycoproteins exposed to terminal galactose or N‐acetylgalactosamine residues, leading to receptor‐mediated endocytosis. Recent studies have demonstrated that sialylation of O‐linked glycan plays a role in protecting against macrophage galactose lectin (MGL)‐mediated clearance. In addition to the impact on serum half‐life, sialylation can influence other clinical outcomes, including immunogenicity, potency, and cytotoxicity. Therefore, the level of sialic acid is a critical quality attribute (CQA), and monitoring and regulating sialylation has become a regulatory requirement to ensure desired clinical performance. To achieve consistent levels of sialic acid‐to‐protein ratio, the time of upstream harvest and conductivity of downstream wash buffers must be tightly regulated based on the sialic acid content. Therefore, the utilization of process analytical technology (PAT) tools for generating real‐time or near‐real‐time sialic acid content is a business‐critical requirement. This work demonstrates the utility of an integrated PAT system for near real‐time online sialic acid measurements. The system consists of a micro‐sequential injection analyzer (µSIA) interfaced with SegFlow and an ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC). The fully automated architecture exemplifies the execution of online sampling, automatic sample preparation, and subsequent online UPLC analysis. This carefully orchestrated PAT framework effectively supports the requirements of QbD‐driven continuous bioprocessing.
Stakeholder Risk Perception About Heat: An Interview‐Based Study Among Outdoor Workers in South India
Authors: Ragupathy Sneha , Annadata Shanmukh Pranavi , Latha P. K. , Garg Sarada Satyamoorthy , Venugopal Vidhya
Published: January 2025

Heat waves in Southeast Asia are expected to intensify in the upcoming decades thereby raising the vulnerability of at‐risk workers to heat‐related illnesses (HRIs). Identifying and strengthening workers' self‐protection knowledge is crucial to effective heat adaptation and management. The study aimed to investigate outdoor workers' perceptions of heat‐related risks, changes in protective behavior during hotter seasons, knowledge and awareness of regional heat action plans (HAPs), and protection measures. It aimed to find effective means of communication and strategies for improving heat protection among these workers. We used a validated and structured mixed‐method survey questionnaire and one‐on‐one interviews to assess 140 outdoor workers' heat‐related risk perceptions, protective behavior changes during hot seasons, and knowledge of regional HAPs protective measures in April–July 2022. The estimated worker's seasonal average WBGT exposure using meteorological data was 34.4°C ± 0.02°C, which exceeded acceptable limits. Heat was a big concern for outdoor workers, the study revealed. Workers believed that knowing about heat hazards could help reduce individual risks. Many workers were aware of the heat's health risks but felt the nature of their jobs prevented them from taking precautions. Some workers assumed that business owners' concerns about productivity and cooling costs would prevent government measures to safeguard at‐risk employees from succeeding. Workers responded more positively to business owners' HAP communications. Workers are more likely to use practical, simple sector‐based warning HAPs. We urgently need management policy reforms to protect millions of workers in low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMICs), and the implementation of cost‐effective, practical, and sustainable heat protection infrastructure and behavioral change solutions through trusted channels is crucial.
A Next Available Appointment (NAA) Tool to Better Manage Patient Delay Risk and Patient Scheduling Expectations in Specialist Clinics
Authors: Riahi Vahid , Rolls David , Diouf Ibrahima , Khanna Sankalp , O'Sullivan Kim , Jayasena Rajiv
Published: January 2025

Every year there are approximately 3 million new outpatient specialist clinic appointments at local hospital networks in Victoria, Australia. Growing daily demand for these services leads to high‐volume waiting lists and therefore long appointment delays for patients. This phenomenon emphasises the importance of providing analytics and tools to assist with waiting list management in outpatient specialist clinics. In this paper, we developed a novel Next Available Appointment (NAA) tool, to assist clinicians to manage delayed‐appointment risk and improve the patient experience by aligning the expected and actual day of the appointment. The NAA uses simulation to determine the earliest available week for a patient appointment on or after the timeframe requested by the clinician, considering the current waiting list and future planned clinician availability. It was validated using 3 years of historical waiting list information across several scenarios chosen to capture operational diversity. As a practical example, a scenario chosen for implementation within the clinic's operational setting achieved a simulated reduction in overdue appointments from 41% to 25% (i.e., a reduction of 47,000 overdue appointments over 3 years). We also provided early details on the implementation of the tool currently underway.
Data Mining of Infertility and Factors Influencing Its Development: A Finding From a Prospective Cohort Study of RaNCD in Iran
Authors: Heydarian Hosna , Abbasi Masoumeh , Najafi Farid , Darbandi Mitra
Published: January 2025

Background and Aims

Infertility, as defined by the World Health Organization, is the inability to conceive after 12 months of regular, unprotected intercourse. This study aimed to identify factors influencing infertility by applying data mining techniques, specifically rule‐mining methods, to analyze diverse patient data and uncover relevant insights. This approach involves a thorough analysis of patients' clinical characteristics, dietary habits, and overall conditions to identify complex patterns and relationships that may contribute to infertility.

Methods

In this study, we examined the impact of lifestyle factors on infertility using machine learning and data mining techniques, specifically Association Rules. The study included a total of 4437 women who participated in the Ravansar Non‐Communicable Disease Cohort study. Among the remaining participants, 434 were infertile. We utilized 38 variables to generate the relevant association rules.

Results

As a result, the analysis reveals that 97% of infertile women are likely to cook for more than 2 h and engage in standing activities. Additionally, 94% of infertile women are likely to have central obesity. Infertile women also have a 73% chance of reusing cooking oil and a 74% chance of consuming fried food at least once a week. The likelihood of infertility increases to 98% among women who use more than 24 eggs per month and to 97% among those who consume moldy jam or syrup. The evaluation of these associations was further supported by measures of support, confidence, and lift.

Conclusion

This study showed that key lifestyle factors linked to infertility, underscoring the role of lifestyle in reproductive health. These findings suggest that targeted interventions and lifestyle changes may help reduce infertility rates. Further research is needed to confirm these associations and investigate the underlying mechanisms.
Identification and Functional Analysis of PANoptosis‐Associated Genes in the Progression From Sepsis to ARDS
Authors: Lu Zhong‐Hua , Tang Yan , Chen Hu , Liu Feng , Liu Mei , Fu Lu , Wang Xian‐Kai , Li Ming‐Juan , Yu Wei‐Li , Sun Yun
Published: January 2025

Background

Sepsis and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are common inflammatory conditions in intensive care, with ARDS significantly increasing mortality in septic patients. PANoptosis, a newly discovered form of programmed cell death involving multiple cell death pathways, plays a critical role in inflammatory diseases. This study aims to elucidate the PANoptosis‐related genes (PRGs) and their involvement in the progression of sepsis to ARDS.

Methods

This study analyzed differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with PRGs to explore their role in the progression of immune disorders from sepsis to septic ARDS. A diagnostic prediction model was constructed based on key PRGs identified through bioinformatics analysis. Functional enrichment analyses were conducted to determine pathway involvement, and correlations with immune cells were assessed. Mendelian randomization analysis was applied to investigate potential causal links between specific PRGs and ARDS. Immunohistochemical analysis was used to evaluate PRG expression in lung tissue.

Results

The prediction model effectively distinguished septic ARDS patients from those with sepsis. NDRG1 expression was elevated in ARDS, while DDX3X, PTPRC, and TNFSF8 were downregulated. NDRG1 showed a positive correlation with activated dendritic cells, whereas DDX3X, PTPRC, and TNFSF8 were positively associated with neutrophils and negatively correlated with CD56bright NK cells. Functional enrichment analysis highlighted spliceosome function, MAPK signaling, endocytosis, and antigen processing pathways as significantly associated with these PRGs. Mendelian randomization suggested a causal link between NDRG1 and ARDS, and immunohistochemical analysis revealed its predominant expression near vascular walls. In a mouse model of sepsis, suppression of NDRG1 alleviated lung injury.

Conclusion

PANoptosis may contribute to immune dysregulation in sepsis‐associated ARDS. NDRG1 is identified as a potential therapeutic target, offering new avenues for mitigating ARDS progression and improving patient outcomes.
Potential Biomarkers for Predicting the Risk of Developing Into Long COVID After COVID‐19 Infection
Authors: Hou Zhiyong , Ming Yu , Liu Jun , Wang Zhong
Published: January 2025

Background

Long COVID, a heterogeneous condition characterized by a range of physical and neuropsychiatric presentations, can be presented with a proportion of COVID‐19‐infected individuals.

Methods

Transcriptomic data sets of those within gene expression profiles of COVID‐19, long COVID, and healthy controls were retrieved from the GEO database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) falling under COVID‐19 and long COVID were identified with R packages, and contemporaneously conducted module detection was performed with the Modular Pharmacology Platform (http://112.86.129.72:48081/). The integration of both DEGs and differentially expressed module‐genes (DEMGs) regarding long COVID and COVID‐19 was intersected by following Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA).

Results

There were 11 and 62 differentially expressed modules, 1837 and 179 DEGs, as well as 103 and 508 DEMGs acquiring identified for both COVID‐19 and long COVID, notably enriched in the immune‐correlated signaling pathways. The immune infiltrating cells of long COVID and COVID‐19 were comparatively and respectively assessed via CIBERSORT, ssGSEA, and xCell algorithms. Subsequently, the screening of hub genes involved employing the SVM‐RFE, RF, XGBoost algorithms, and logistic regression analysis. Among the 67 candidate genes were processed with machine learning algorithms and logistic regression, a subgroup consisting of CEP55, CDCA2, MELK, and DEPDC1B, was at last identified as potential biomarkers for predicting the risk of the progression into long COVID after COVID‐19 infections. The predicting performance of the potential biomarkers was quantified with a ROC value of 0.8762542, which proved the combination of potential biomarkers provided the highest performance.

Conclusions

In summary, we identified a subgroup of potential biomarkers for predicting the risk of the progression into long COVID after COVID‐19 infection, which could be partly elucidation of the associated molecular mechanisms for long COVID.
Biological, Biomechanical, and Histopathological Evaluation of Polyetherketoneketone Bioactive Composite as Implant Material
Authors: Al‐Samaray Manar E. , Fatalla Abdalbseet A.
Published: January 2025

While polyetherketoneketone is a high‐performance thermoplastic polymer, its hydrophobicity and inertness limit bone adhesion. This study aimed to evaluate a novel PEKK/CaSiO3/TeO2 nanocomposite, comparing it to PEKK/15 wt.% CaSiO3 and PEKK groups. The in vitro study, involving 90 discs (n = 30), assessed the cytotoxicity of all groups after 24, 72, and 168 h. The in vivo animal study, using cylinder‐type implants (n = 30), evaluated osseointegration through biomechanical push‐out tests, descriptive histopathological examinations of decalcified sections stained with hematoxylin and eosin, and histomorphometric analysis of new bone formation area after 2‐ and 6‐week healing intervals. The cytocompatibility of PEKK/15 wt.% CaSiO3/1 wt.% TeO2 composite confirmed its acceptance as a biomedical material. Additionally, in vivo study results showed that the PEKK/15 wt.% CaSiO3/1 wt.% TeO2 had the highest shear strength value and the highest new bone formation area compared to other experimental groups. The multimodal concept of adding CaSiO3 micro fillers and TeO2 nanofillers to PEKK produces a cytocompatible composite that enhances osseointegration and new bone formation in a rabbit's femur after 2‐ and 6‐week healing intervals.
A Highly Correlated, Multireference Study of the Lowest Lying Singlet and Triplet States of the Four Thiophene Diradicals
Authors: Pandian Joshua , Vu Khanh , Muya Jules Tshishimbi , Parker Anna , Ancajas Christine Mae F. , Saldana‐Greco Diomedes , Yewer Tabitha , Parish Carol
Published: January 2025

The energies and geometries of the lowest lying singlet and triplet states of the four diradicals formed by removing two H atoms from thiophene have been characterized. We utilized the highly correlated, multireference methods configuration interaction with single and double excitations with and without the Pople correction for size‐extensivity (MR‐CISD+Q and MR‐CISD) and averaged quadratic coupled cluster theory (MR‐AQCC). CAS (8,7) and CAS (10,8) active spaces involving σ, σ*, π, and π* orbitals were employed along with the cc‐pVDZ and cc‐pVTZ basis sets. The larger active space included the two electrons in the nonbonding sp2 hybrid orbital on sulfur. We find that all didehydro isomers exist as planar, stable ground state singlets. The singlet‐triplet (S‐T) adiabatic gaps range from 15 to 25 kcal/mol while the vertical splittings are 21–35 kcal/mol. The 2,3 isomer has the lowest absolute ground state singlet energy and the largest adiabatic and vertical S‐T splitting. The ground states of the 2,3‐, and 2,5‐didehydrothiophene isomers are predicted to exhibit the smallest and largest diradical character, respectively, based on their electronic structures, spin densities and bonding analysis. To our knowledge, no experimental excitation energies of any of the didehydrothiophene isomers are available, and our computed MR‐AQCC/cc‐pVTZ data are believed to be among the most accurate computed results. This extensive study shows a competitive performance between MR‐AQCC and MR‐CISD+Q.
Safety and Efficacy of a 6‐Month Placement of a Fully Covered Self‐Expanding Metallic Stent for Refractory Benign Biliary Stricture: A Multicenter Prospective Study
Authors: Iwai Tomohisa , Kida Mitsuhiro , Sugimori Kazuya , Shigoka Hiroaki , Matsumoto Takaaki , Ijima Masashi , Miwa Haruo , Okuwaki Kosuke , Watanabe Masafumi , Adachi Kai , Tamaki Akihiro , Hanaoka Taro , Ishizaki Junro , Kusano Chika
Published: January 2025

Background and Aim

Managing benign biliary stricture endoscopically is complicated and challenging. This study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of a 6‐month placement of a fully covered self‐expanding metallic stent for refractory benign biliary stricture.

Methods

Twenty‐two patients with refractory benign biliary stricture (13 with chronic pancreatitis and 9 without) were recruited from five higher tertiary care centers. All patients received a planned 6‐month fully covered self‐expanding metallic stent placement. Primary outcomes included clinical success, technical success of stent removal, adverse events, and stricture recurrence.

Results

Of the 21 cases (one case was excluded owing to malignant findings), fully covered self‐expanding metallic stent placement was successful in all cases, with contralateral bile duct plastic stents used in three patients and stents remaining in place for 6 months in 16 of 21 patients. Distal stent migration occurred in three cases, two of which had resolved strictures. Adverse events were observed in 19.0% of patients: one case of severe cholangitis, two cases of mild cholangitis, and one case of hyperplasia formation. No stent‐induced pancreatitis or cholecystitis occurred. All stents were removed successfully, and the treatment success rate was 85%. One patient experienced recurrent stricture 6.5 months post‐stent removal.

Conclusions

A six‐month placement of a modified fully covered self‐expanding metallic stent effectively improved strictures and minimized stent‐induced Adverse events in patients with refractory benign biliary stricture.

Trial Registration

UMIN ID: UMIN000025027
Combined Proteasome and Autophagy Inhibition in Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma—A Phase I Trial of Hydroxychloroquine, Carfilzomib, and Dexamethasone
Authors: Slørdahl Tobias S. , Askeland Frida Bugge , Hanssen Margrete Sofie Sætre , Hov Håkon , Sundt‐Hansen Stine Marie , Lindahl Sofia , Vethe Nils Tore , Hjorth‐Hansen Henrik , Fenstad Mona H. , Waage Anders , Hjertner Øyvind , Schjesvold Fredrik , Sundan Anders
Published: January 2025

Multiple myeloma is characterized by malignant cells which produce high amounts of monoclonal immunoglobulin. Myeloma cells are, therefore, dependent on effective protein degradation. Proteasomal protein degradation is targeted by proteasome inhibitors in routine care. Autophagic protein degradation is currently not targeted in myeloma treatment. This Phase I trial showed that the combination of the proteasome inhibitor carfilzomib and the autophagy inhibitor hydroxychloroquine was well tolerated in patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma. Adverse events were mostly Grades 1 and 2. An overall response rate of 44% indicates a meaningful clinical efficacy of this combination.

Trial Registration: The study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov # NCT04163107.
Defibrotide for the Treatment of Veno‐Occlusive Disease/Sinusoidal Obstruction Syndrome in Paediatric Patients Who Did Not Receive Haematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: Case Reports of Patients From a German Academic Hospital
Authors: Kleinschmidt Katharina , Troeger Anja , Föll Jürgen , Hanafee‐Alali Tarek , Jakob Marcus , Kramer Sonja , Kietz Silke , Corbacioglu Selim
Published: January 2025

Introduction

Veno‐occlusive disease/sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (VOD/SOS) is a potentially life‐threatening condition characterised by obstruction of the small veins of the liver. Although typically associated with haematopoietic stem cell transplantation, VOD/SOS may also occur following intensive multimodal chemotherapy regimens. In children, symptoms of VOD/SOS are refractory thrombocytopaenia, weight gain, hepatomegaly, ascites and fluid retention, hyperbilirubinaemia and sometimes right upper quadrant pain.

Methods

Here, we present a case series of six paediatric patients with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia who developed severe VOD/SOS while receiving standard AIEOP‐BFM ALL protocol treatment.

Results/Conclusions

All patients responded promptly to defibrotide treatment and exhibited favourable clinical outcomes.

Trial Registration

The authors have confirmed clinical trial registration is not needed for this submission
Novel omnipolar mapping technology for effective superior vena cava isolation: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Oguri Naoto , Okubo Yousaku , Ishibashi Naoki , Maeda Junji , Sakai Takumi , Uotani Yukimi , Furutani Motoki , Miyamoto Shogo , Miyauchi Shunsuke , Okamura Sho , Tokuyama Takehito , Oda Noboru , Nakano Yukiko
Published: January 2025

Background

Successful isolation of the superior vena cava (SVC) using a functional conduction block between the right atrium (RA) and SVC has been documented. However, a comparison of this approach with the conventional method (CM) of circumferential ablation of the RA‐SVC junction, based on angiography, remains unexplored.

Objective

In this study, we employed the innovative omnipolar mapping technology (OT) to discern the RA‐SVC connection and compared clinical outcomes with those from CM.

Methods

Sixty‐two patients undergoing SVC isolation were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to either the OT or CM group. No significant differences in the baseline characteristics were observed between the two groups. We assessed the efficacy and safety of both groups.

Results

Both groups showed comparable acute success rates (96%) in SVC isolation, but the procedure in the OT group required fewer radiofrequency (RF) applications (13.6 ± 6.0 vs. 19.8 ± 10.9, p = .046) and shorter procedure time (9.6 ± 6.8 min vs. 14.3 ± 6.8 min, p = .007). The overall absorbed dose was notably lower in the OT group (69.6 ± 47.6 mGy vs. 90.3 ± 30.3 mGy, p = .023).

Conclusions

The OT enhances the efficacy of SVC isolation, requiring fewer RF applications and reducing procedure time compared to conventional treatment methods.
Rapid Separation of Representative Monomer Compound Rutin From Natural Product by Molecularly Imprinted Macroporous Adsorption Resin
Authors: Qi Yubai , Jin Xueqin , Yang Yuepeng , Du Hong , Li Defu , Li Xinying
Published: January 2025

Monomer compounds from natural products are the major source of active pharmaceutical molecules, which provide great opportunities for discovering of new drugs. However, natural products contain a large number of rather complex compounds. It is difficult to obtain high‐purity monomer compounds from complex natural products. Herein, we developed molecularly imprinted macroporous adsorption resins (MIRs‐PDA) for the selective adsorption of target monomer compounds from natural products. The response surface methodology was employed to optimize the fabrication parameters. The separation performance of MIRs‐PDA for the representative monomer compound rutin was thoroughly studied. We found that MIRs‐PDA presented large adsorption capacity (107.82 mg/g), high selectivity (selectivity coefficient was 2.90), good repeatability, and reusability. MIRs‐PDA can reach 78.5% equilibrium adsorption capacity in 20 min, showing quick binding kinetic behavior. Furthermore, MIRs‐PDA showed good selective and specific adsorption performance for rutin from a representative real sample of Fagopyrum tataricum extract solution. The study of the adsorption mechanism showed that the adsorption of rutin on MIRs‐PDA was spontaneous and thermodynamically feasible. The kinetic parameters adapted well to the pseudo‐second‐order kinetic model, and there existed equivalent binding sites in MIRs‐PDA. The MIRs‐PDA show promising application prospects for the separation of monomer compounds in natural products.
No difference in ACL revision rates between hamstring and patellar tendon autograft in patients with ACL‐R and a concurrent meniscal injury irrespective of meniscal treatment
Authors: Högberg Johan , Petersson Lina , Zsidai Bálint , Horvath Alexandra , Cristiani Riccardo , Samuelsson Kristian , Hamrin Senorski Eric
Published: January 2025

Purpose

The aims of this study were to compare (1) the rate of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) revision and (2) subjective knee function using the Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) between isolated ACL reconstruction (ACL‐R) and ACL‐R and concurrent meniscal injury, based on graft selection and meniscal treatment.

Methods

Data from the Swedish National Knee Ligament Registry were extracted in November 2022 for patients who underwent primary ACL‐R. Patients were divided into two main groups based on graft choice: hamstring tendon (HT) or patellar tendon (PT) autograft, with four meniscal sub‐groups: no injury, resection, repair or left in situ. The primary outcome was the rate of ACL revision within 5 years of primary ACL‐R, and the secondary outcome was subjective knee function measured with the mean KOOS subscale scores and the rate of patients achieving a patient‐acceptable symptom state (PASS) at the 1‐, 2‐ and 5‐year follow‐up.

Results

The analysis of ACL revision was performed on 45,656 patients, and 7639 patients for the analysis of subjective knee function. The overall rate of ACL revision was 2.4% and 4.9% at 2 and 5 years, respectively. There were no differences in the rate of ACL revision within 5 years of primary surgery irrespective of graft choice or meniscal injury treatment. Patients with ACL‐R and concurrent meniscal resection or meniscal injury left in situ achieved a PASS at the 1 (∆ = −11.3% to −29.5%), 2 (∆ = −12.7% to −40.3%) and 5‐year (∆ = −12.0% to −30.6%) follow‐up to a greater extent when receiving HT autograft compared to PT autograft.

Conclusion

Graft selection was not associated with ACL revision in patients with ACL‐R and concurrent meniscal injury, regardless of meniscal injury treatment. Superior subjective knee function was reported by patients who underwent ACL‐R with HT autograft compared with PT autograft where the injured meniscus was resected or left in situ.

Level of Evidence

Level III.
Genetics of Primary Adrenal Insufficiency Beyond CAH in Saudi Arabian Population
Authors: Al‐Hamed Mohamed H. , Qari Alya , Alrayes Lamya , Alotaibi Mohammed , Al Masseri Zainab , Alotaibi Afaf , AlAshwal Abdullah , AlHassnan Zuhair N. , Alsagheir Afaf
Published: January 2025

Background

The use of exome sequencing (ES) has helped in detecting many variants and genes that cause primary adrenal insufficiency (PAI). The diagnosis of PAI is difficult and can be life‐threatening if not treated urgently. Consanguinity can impact the detection of recessively inherited genes. Here, we report families with PAI in a consanguineous population of Saudi Arabia.

Materials and Methods

A cohort of 47 PAI patients (41 males and six females) representing 30 families was recruited. The cohort excluded congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) cases and had a known consanguinity of 70%. Using ES, molecular genetic causes of PAI were investigated.

Results

In 30 unrelated families with PAI, pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants were detected in 27 families with a diagnostic yield of (90%). Clinically associated variants of uncertain significance (VUS) were identified in a further two PAI families (7%). Hemizygous variants in ABCD1 were the most common cause of PAI in this cohort (16 families) leading to adrenoleukodystrophy. A total of six novel variants were detected, of which four were predicted to be pathogenic (P) / likely pathogenic (LP) and two were VUS. Four pathogenic variants in ABCD1, NR0B1, and MC2R were detected in 10 families suggesting founder mutations.

Conclusion

In this cohort, ES detected a diagnostic molecular abnormality in 90% of patients with PAI phenotypes. X‐linked inheritance is the most common cause of PAI and founder mutations likely contributed to a high diagnostic yield.
Simple User‐Friendly Reaction Format
Authors: Nippa David F. , Müller Alex T. , Atz Kenneth , Konrad David B. , Grether Uwe , Martin Rainer E. , Schneider Gisbert
Published: January 2025

Utilizing the growing wealth of chemical reaction data can boost synthesis planning and increase success rates. Yet, the effectiveness of machine learning tools for retrosynthesis planning and forward reaction prediction relies on accessible, well‐curated data presented in a structured format. Although some public and licensed reaction databases exist, they often lack essential information about reaction conditions. To address this issue and promote the principles of findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable (FAIR) data reporting and sharing, we introduce the Simple User‐Friendly Reaction Format (SURF). SURF standardizes the documentation of reaction data through a structured tabular format, requiring only a basic understanding of spreadsheets. This format enables chemists to record the synthesis of molecules in a format that is understandable by both humans and machines, which facilitates seamless sharing and integration directly into machine learning pipelines. SURF files are designed to be interoperable, easily imported into relational databases, and convertible into other formats. This complements existing initiatives like the Open Reaction Database (ORD) and Unified Data Model (UDM). At Roche, SURF plays a crucial role in democratizing FAIR reaction data sharing and expediting the chemical synthesis process.
G$$ G $$‐Convergence of Friedrichs Systems Revisited
Authors: Burazin K. , Erceg M. , Waurick M.
Published: January 2025

We revisit the homogenization theory for Friedrichs systems. In particular, we show that ‐compactness can be obtained under severely weaker assumptions than in the original work of Burazin and Vrdoljak (2014). In this way, we extend the applicability of ‐compactness results for Friedrichs systems to equations that yield memory effects in the homogenized limit and detour any usage of compactness techniques previously employed.

MSC2020 Classification: 35B27, 35F45, 35M32, 47F05
‘Despite the Pain, I Keep Moving Forward’: A Qualitative Study on Brazilian Older Adults' Experiences With Chronic Low Back Pain
Authors: Pellegrini Marina Jacobucci , Meziat‐Filho Ney , Fernandez Jessica , Costa Nathalia
Published: January 2025

Objective

The burden of chronic low back pain (CLBP) is increasing rapidly along with the global population ageing. Such an increase will occur more rapidly in low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMICs). Yet, few studies have explored the experiences of older adults with CLBP, and these are primarily conducted in high‐income countries. To address this concern, we explored the experiences of older Brazilian adults with CLBP.

Methods

We used a descriptive qualitative study and gathered data through interviews and drawings from participants representing their experiences. Data were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis principles.

Results

We interviewed 22 participants and identified the following themes: (1) Low back pain: an intense sensory and emotional experience; (2) causes of pain: wear and tear due to ageing, physical overload and emotional overload; (3) seeking treatment and not improving; (4) health professionals with a biomedical and pessimistic view; (5) the impact of pain on life: functional limitations and social repercussions; and (6) dealing with pain through movement, resilience and passive strategies.

Conclusions

Participants described CLBP as a sensory and emotional experience that impacts various aspects of their lives. Wear and tear due to ageing, physical and emotional overload were highlighted as causes of pain, and health professionals as a source of pessimism. Despite this, many participants discussed coping through movement, resilience, and passive strategies. Health professionals should address the emotional aspects associated with CLBP, explore its impact on their patients' lives and provide information that aligns with current evidence, promoting reassurance and a multidimensional understanding of CLBP.
Adaptive Parallelizable Algorithms for Interpolative Decompositions via Partially Pivoted LU
Authors: Pearce Katherine , Chen Chao , Dong Yijun , Martinsson Per‐Gunnar
Published: January 2025

Interpolative decompositions (ID) involve “natural bases” of row and column subsets, or skeletons, of a given matrix that approximately span its row and column spaces. Although finding optimal skeleton subsets is combinatorially hard, classical greedy pivoting algorithms with rank‐revealing properties like column‐pivoted QR (CPQR) often provide good heuristics in practice. To select skeletons efficiently for large matrices, randomized sketching is commonly leveraged as a preprocessing step to reduce the problem dimension while preserving essential information in the matrix. In addition to accelerating computations, randomization via sketching improves robustness against adversarial inputs while relaxing the rank‐revealing assumption on the pivoting scheme. This enables faster skeleton selection based on LU with partial pivoting (LUPP) as a reliable alternative to rank‐revealing pivoting methods like CPQR. However, while coupling sketching with LUPP provides an efficient solution for ID with a given rank, the lack of rank‐revealing properties of LUPP makes it challenging to adaptively determine a suitable rank without prior knowledge of the matrix spectrum. As a remedy, in this work, we introduce an adaptive randomized LUPP algorithm that approximates the desired rank via fast estimation of the residual error. The resulting algorithm is not only adaptive but also parallelizable, attaining much higher practical speed due to the lower communication requirements of LUPP over CPQR. The method has been implemented for both CPUs and GPUs, and the resulting software has been made publicly available.
Topology Optimization of Contact‐Aided Thermo‐Mechanical Regulators
Authors: Dalklint Anna , Alexandersen Joe , Frederiksen Andreas Henrik , Poulios Konstantinos , Sigmund Ole
Published: January 2025

Topology optimization is used to systematically design contact‐aided thermo‐mechanical regulators, i.e., components whose effective thermal conductivity is tunable by mechanical deformation and contact. The thermo‐mechanical interactions are modeled using a fully coupled non‐linear thermo‐mechanical finite element framework. To obtain the intricate heat transfer response, the components leverage self‐contact, which is modeled using a third medium contact method. The effective heat transfer properties of the regulators are tuned by solving a topology optimization problem using a traditional gradient‐based algorithm. Several designs of thermo‐mechanical regulators in the form of switches, diodes, and triodes are presented.
The Mediating Role of Emotional Intelligence in the Organisational Commitment and Turnover Intention of Clinical Nurses: A Cross‐Sectional Study
Authors: Lingyu Han , Ruiling Li , Yiman Wang , Yafeng Liu , Xiaolu Bai
Published: January 2025

Aim

To explore the influence of emotional intelligence and organisational commitment (OC) on clinical nurses' turnover intention (TI) and to provide intervention strategies to reduce the turnover rate of nursing staff and maintain the stability of the nursing team.

Design

A cross‐sectional descriptive study was conducted with nurses (n = 452) in a tertiary hospital in Kaifeng City, Henan Province, China.

Methods

The project was conducted in July 2023. The data were collected using the organisational commitment scale, Wong and Law emotional intelligence scale and turnover intention scale.

Results

The emotional intelligence score of clinical nurses was (3.07 ± 0.68), organisational commitment scale was (3.04 ± 0.68), and turnover intention scale was (2.70 ± 0.58). Organisational commitment scale and emotional intelligence scores are negatively correlated with turnover intention; the mediating effect of emotional intelligence in organisational commitment and turnover intention scale of clinical nurses is −0.406, and the mediating effect accounts for 49.9%.

Public Contribution

Nurses' organisational commitment can directly predict turnover intention, and emotional intelligence plays a role in mediating the relationship between nurses' organisational commitment and turnover intention. This research makes a substantial contribution to the public and healthcare sector. The findings provide valuable insights for healthcare administrators, policy‐makers and educators, offering evidence‐based strategies to improve nurse retention and enhance the quality of patient care. It is important to note that the research upholds the highest standards of integrity, with a meticulous review process and a dedicated effort to maintain data quality.
Assessing the Greater Sciatic Notch With 2‐D Shape Analysis for Sex Estimation
Authors: Rennie Samuel R. , Tamminen Heather M.
Published: January 2025

A correct biological profile leads to a better understanding of the past and assists in the identification of human remains within bioarchaeology and forensic casework. Sex estimation forms a critical component of a biological profile. With the advancement of technologies such as geometric morphometrics (GMM), new methods and a deeper understanding of morphological features can be investigated digitally. However, how well do these methods compare to standard visual methods and how easy are they to employ? This research investigates the use of 2‐D shape analysis and visual morphological methods for sex estimation using the greater sciatic notch (GSN). A total of 202 adult os coxae were photographed and analyzed from the Spitalfields Coffin Plate Collection housed at the Natural History Museum, UK. Each os coxae was analyzed digitally to extract a “line” for elliptical fourier analysis (EFA) and subsequent discriminant function analysis (DFA). Os coxae were also scored using two well established morphological methods for the GSN. This study found an overall accuracy of 82.81% when using the computational method (EFA and DFA). Lower accuracies were found for the visual methods with the Bruzek method correctly classifying 82.17% and the Walker method resulting in a much lower accuracy at 72.77%. The finding of this study showcases the benefits of using more computational methods such as shape analysis/GMM. However, it has a nearly identical overall error rate to the Bruzek method and higher accuracy than the Walker method and therefore is a suitable and accurate method for sex estimation. As these practices are evolving, practitioners will have to balance the cost/benefit (e.g., time, training, and accuracy) of using the different techniques while continuing to refine and combine approaches for optimal results in biological profiling.
Anterior–Posterior Abdominal Diameter and Waist Circumference Have Comparable Predictive Ability for Visceral Fat Area
Authors: Shikuma Jumpei , Nagai Yoshiyuki , Otaki Mihono , Shimizu Norihiro , Wada Yuki , Sasaki‐Shima Junko , Suwanai Hirotsugu , Ito Rokuro , Miwa Takashi , Suzuki Ryo
Published: January 2025

Objective

Waist circumference measurement is commonly used as a method for predicting the visceral fat area. However, waist circumference is difficult to measure, and there is a large margin of error between measurements. Visceral fat is adipose tissue that accumulates in the abdominal cavity, and when it accumulates in excess, abdominal computed tomography reveals a prominent protrusion of the anterior–posterior diameter of the abdomen in a coronal section at the umbilicus level. Individuals with obesity often show forward abdominal protrusions. This study aimed to verify whether the anterior–posterior abdominal diameter can be used as a proxy for waist circumference to predict the visceral fat area.

Methods

A total of 231 patients with diabetes who were admitted to Tokyo Medical University Hospital and whose visceral fat area was measured using computed tomography were enrolled. Whether the waist circumference and anterior–posterior abdominal diameter were correlated with the visceral fat area was determined, and their ability to predict the visceral fat area was compared.

Results

The visceral fat area was significantly correlated with both waist circumference (r = 0.759, p < 0.001) and anterior–posterior abdominal diameter (r = 0.774, p < 0.001), and the areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves used to predict the visceral fat area were 0.923 (95% confidence interval: 0.878–0.967) and 0.939 (95% confidence interval: 0.905–0.974), respectively.

Conclusions

The anterior–posterior abdominal diameter can be used as an alternative to waist circumference for predicting the visceral fat area. This simple measurement method may serve as a very useful method in clinical practice by eliminating the variability of waist circumference measurements.
Assessing spatial sequencing and imaging approaches to capture the molecular and pathological heterogeneity of archived cancer tissues
Authors: Vo Tuan , Prakrithi P , Jones Kahli , Yoon Sohye , Lam Pui Yeng , Kao Yung‐Ching , Ma Ning , Tan Samuel X , Jin Xinnan , Zhou Chenhao , Crawford Joanna , Walters Shaun , Gupta Ishaan , Soyer Peter H , Khosrotehrani Kiarash , Stark Mitchell S , Nguyen Quan
Published: January 2025

Spatial transcriptomics (ST) offers enormous potential to decipher the biological and pathological heterogeneity in precious archival cancer tissues. Traditionally, these tissues have rarely been used and only examined at a low throughput, most commonly by histopathological staining. ST adds thousands of times as many molecular features to histopathological images, but critical technical issues and limitations require more assessment of how ST performs on fixed archival tissues. In this work, we addressed this in a cancer‐heterogeneity pipeline, starting with an exploration of the whole transcriptome by two sequencing‐based ST protocols capable of measuring coding and non‐coding RNAs. We optimised the two protocols to work with challenging formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded (FFPE) tissues, derived from skin. We then assessed alternative imaging methods, including multiplex RNAScope single‐molecule imaging and multiplex protein imaging (CODEX). We evaluated the methods’ performance for tissues stored from 4 to 14 years ago, covering a range of RNA qualities, allowing us to assess variation. In addition to technical performance metrics, we determined the ability of these methods to quantify tumour heterogeneity. We integrated gene expression profiles with pathological information, charting a new molecular landscape on the pathologically defined tissue regions. Together, this work provides important and comprehensive experimental technical perspectives to consider the applications of ST in deciphering the cancer heterogeneity in archived tissues. © 2025 The Author(s). The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
C1GALT1 expression predicts poor survival in osteosarcoma and is crucial for ABCC1 transporter‐mediated doxorubicin resistance
Authors: Liu Chun‐Wei , Huang Jing‐Hui , Chang Hsiu‐Hao , Chen Chia‐Hua , Tsai Yi‐Huan , Chen Wei‐Li , Lin Jung‐An , Chang Hsiu‐Ling , Chen Cheng‐Chang , Lin Mei‐Chun , Huang Min‐Chuan , Lin Neng‐Yu
Published: January 2025

Osteosarcoma is an aggressive bone malignancy with a high propensity for drug resistance and metastasis, leading to poor clinical outcomes. This study investigates the role of core 1 β1,3‐galactosyltransferase 1 (C1GALT1) in osteosarcoma, focusing on its implications in chemoresistance. Our findings reveal that high expression of C1GALT1 is associated with advanced stages, adverse overall survival, and increased recurrence rates. Elevated levels of C1GALT1 were observed in doxorubicin‐selected osteosarcoma cells, where its suppression significantly promoted doxorubicin‐induced apoptosis and reduced drug efflux. Pharmacological inhibition of C1GALT1 using itraconazole replicated these effects, suggesting a potential therapeutic strategy to overcome chemoresistance. Additionally, we identified the involvement of the ATP‐binding cassette (ABC) transporter ABCC1 in the drug‐resistance phenotype mediated by C1GALT1. C1GALT1‐mediated O‐glycan changes were found to influence the cell‐surface targeting and lysosomal degradation of ABCC1, thereby modulating its efflux capacity. In vitro and in vivo studies confirmed that C1GALT1 impacts ABCC1 expression and function, further supporting its role in osteosarcoma chemoresistance. These results highlight the clinical relevance of C1GALT1 as a biomarker for prognosis and a potential therapeutic target for osteosarcoma. © 2025 The Author(s). The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
Synergistic effect of tannic acid/stearic acid/calcium carbonate/recycled polypropylene polymer composites and molecular dynamics simulation study
Authors: Yu Chuanheng , Ye Liangdong , Li Dacheng , Liu Hongbo , Wei Qiaoyan , Huang Yanyou , Wu Zengju , Zhang Liling , Li Ziwei , Lu Shaorong
Published: January 2025

Developing high‐toughness recycled polypropylene (REPP) composites using non‐polluting and cost‐effective methods remains a major challenge. In this study, we propose a novel modification scheme using tannic acid (TA)/stearic acid (SA) synergistically modified CC as a filler to prepare composites by blending with REPP. Characterizations, such as mechanical tests and thermodynamic tests, verified that the CC‐TA‐SA modified composites presented higher tensile and impact strengths as well as crystallinity. The tensile strength of the composites was increased from 27.44 to 30.53 MPa and similarly the impact strength was increased from 10.63 to 24.81 MPa. The thermal stability and melt fluidity of the modified composites also improved. This phenomenon is further investigated through the use of molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. This research expands the promise of REPP composites for industrial applications with stringent toughness requirements.

Highlights

Tannic/stearic acids modulate the surface properties of calcium carbonate.

Polymer composite reinforced with synergistically modified calcium carbonate.

Molecular dynamics simulations to predict composite properties.