bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ADVENTO E FUNÇÃO SOCIAL DAS CRIPTOMOEDAS COMO FATOR DE CIDADANIA E HUMANIDADE NOS TEMPOS ATUAIS
Authors: Nunes Leandro Belloc
Published: December 2020

O presente artigo aborda a estruturação das criptomoedas na atualidade, com elaboração de panorama conceitual e cronológico sobre o seu advento e demais implicações no mundo jurídico. Propõe-se ainda, a análise e o debate dos aspectos econômicos e sociais desse paradigma, com uma abordagem sob a ótica jurídica e seus efeitos, percebendo-se consistir em uma panorama complexo e incompleto, em construção, por ora. Com efeito, verifica-se no caso das moedas virtuais uma verdadeira alternativa monetária de circulação de valores para corporações e populações ao redor do mundo, sendo esse enfoque de interesse para a inclusão financeira em um contexto macropolítico multicultural na atualidade. Dessa forma, intui-se que as formas disruptivas de circulação monetária encontram-se mais dinâmicas e porporcionam maior penetração dos princípios cidadãos e humanitários na contemporaneidade, à medida em que suas benesses ante lacunas da atuação dos Estados Nacionais, possibilitam esse novo advento e a utilidade das ferramentas inclusivas de sua adoção. Ressalva-se, contudo, o risco de seu mau uso, haja vista as lacunas legais que se avizinham diante da nova situação de um mercado em adaptação.
Program less waste sebagai inovasi dakwah Hanan Attaki
Authors: Nizar Yasyva Agfa
Published: December 2020

Dakwah tentang pengurangan sampah sangat penting dilakukan mengingat persoalan sampah masih menjadi problem bersama yang belum terselesaikan solusinya. Namun, tidak banyak para pendakwah yang melakukan dakwah dengan tema lingkungan, pengurangan sampah khususnya. Hanan Attaki sebagai pendakwah muda yang memiliki banyak pengikut, melakukan inovasi dakwah dengan mengkampanyekan program less waste sebagai materi dakwah. Tulisan ini merupakan studi kasus pada dakwah yang dilakukan Hanan Attaki di komunitas pemuda Bandung. Tulisan ini membahas tentang dua hal, pertama tentang inovasi dakwah yang disampaikan oleh Hanan Attaki kepada para pemuda untuk menanggulangi permasalahan sampah di kota Bandung, kedua tentang proses program less waste mampu memaksimalkan peran pemuda. Penulis  menggunakan pendapat Al-Bayanuni dalam kitab Al-Madkhal Ila Ilmi Dakwah dalam menganalisis. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa inovasi dakwah Hanan Attaki dilakukan dengan membuat program less waste merupakan tindakan awal dalam pengaplikasian materi yang disampaikan kepada pemuda kota Bandung. Less waste dijadikan sebagai gaya hidup baru bagi para pemuda Bandung. Para pemuda diajarkan cara meminimalisir dan mengelola sampah organik dan anorganik. Sehingga, program less waste dapat membuat pemuda Bandung terlibat mengambil peran dalam isu lingkungan sekaligus mengatasinya secara langsung, serta mampu mengubah gaya pemuda yang suka nongkrong di cafe menjadi nongkrong di masjid.

 

Da'wah about waste reduction is very important considering the problem of waste is still a common problem whose solution has not been resolved. However, not many preachers carry out preaching on the theme of the environment, especially waste reduction. Hanan Attaki as a young preacher who has many followers innovates da'wah by campaigning for a less waste program as a material for da'wah. This paper is a case study on the da'wah carried out by Hanan Attaki in the Bandung youth community. This paper discusses two things, first about the da'wah innovation conveyed by Hanan Attaki to youths to overcome the waste problem in the city of Bandung, second about the process of the less waste program capable of maximizing the role of youth. The author uses Al-Bayanuni's opinion in the book Al-Madkhal Ila Ilmi Dakwah in analyzing. The results of the study show that Hanan Attaki's innovation in preaching by creating a less waste program is the first step in the application of the material presented to the youth of Bandung. Less waste is used as a new lifestyle for Bandung youth. The youth are taught how to minimize and manage organic and inorganic waste. Thus, the less waste program can make Bandung youths involved in taking part in environmental issues as well as addressing them directly, as well as being able to change the style of youth who like to hang out in cafes to hang out in mosques.
The Role of Judges in Dealing with Community Development
Authors: Hasanudin Maulana
Published: December 2020

The purpose of this paper is to determine the role of the judge in facing the development of society. Judges are part of the important structure of the judicial power branch in Indonesia. Judicial power is an independent power to administer justice in order to uphold law and justice. Judges are given the power to judge. Judges have an important role as law enforcement officers in the law enforcement process in Indonesia, so they must pay attention to legal objectives. The role of the judge has consequences for the responsibility of the judge which is very heavy, where the judge has responsibility to one God, to the nation and state, to himself, to the law, to the parties and to society. Judges and society are elements that cannot be separated in a legal system. The judge is a product of the society and culture where he comes from and is. The function of the judiciary is to decide disputes between individuals and individuals, individuals and communities, even individuals or society and the state; forming or making a policy or policy.

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Tujuan penulisan ini adalah mengetahui peranan peranan hakim dalam menghadapi perkembangan masyarakat. Hakim merupakan bagian dari struktur penting cabang kekuasaan kehakiman di Indonesia. Kekuasaan Kehakiman merupakan kekuasaan yang merdeka untuk menyelenggarakan peradilan guna menegakkan hukum dan keadilan. Hakim diberi wewenang untuk mengadili. Hakim memiliki peranan penting sebagai aparat penegak hukum dalam proses penegakan hukum di Indonesia, sehingga harus memperhatikan tujuan hukum. Peranan hakim memiliki konsekuensi terhadap pertanggungjawaban hakim yang sangat berat, dimana hakim memiliki tanggung jawab terhadap tuhan yang maha esa, terhadap bangsa dan negara, terhadap diri sendiri, terhadap hukum, terhadap para pihak dan terhadap mayarakat. Hakim dan masyarakat merupakan unsur yang tidak bisa dilepaskan dalam suatu sistem hukum. Hakim sebagai produk masyarakat dan budaya tempat dia berasal dan berada. Fungsi kehakiman adalah memutus sengketa antara individu dengan individu, individu dengan masyarakat, bahkan individu atau masyarakat dengan negara; membentuk atau membuat policy atau kebijakan.
Status of sustainable sanitation chain in rural, semi-urban, and urban regions: a case study of Maharashtra, India
Authors: Chandana N. , Rao Bakul
Published: December 2020

Since 2014, the Government of India has constructed millions of toilets with onsite containment technology (OCT) (i.e., pit latrines and septic tanks). In this study, a detailed analysis of the toilets built, people's awareness about the existing sanitation system, and faecal sludge management (FSM) in rural, semi-urban, and urban areas of Maharashtra, India was done by carrying out a household (HH) survey and interviews with stakeholders. In the surveyed areas, open defaecation (OD) has been eliminated and an individual HH toilet with OCT is the most common sanitation available. The rural area has no FSM facilities. The semi-urban area has a very little faecal sludge (FS) collection by private agencies, while the urban area has a government-aided FS collection system. However, the semi-urban and urban areas have no disposal or treatment facility for the FS collected. In the urban area, irregular emptying of FS has triggered 7% of the HHs to practise OD and 29% of the HHs use manual labour for emptying the OCT. This study can help practitioners, government agencies, and non-governmental organisations to understand the ground reality for establishing/modifying FSM rules and regulations for Indian conditions.
Rapid evidence assessment of the impacts of sewerage, drainage, and piped water chlorination in urban settings of low- and middle-income countries
Authors: Prasad Sridevi K. , Lane Charlotte , Glandon Douglas
Published: December 2020

The aim of this review was to rapidly synthesize the available evidence regarding the expected impacts of piped water chlorination, drainage, and sewerage on individuals living in low- and middle-income urban settings. A systematic search was conducted in bibliographic databases and library catalogs. Impact evaluations that included a comparator and one of the three interventions of interest, attempted to control for confounding and selection bias, and took place in urban settings in a low- or middle-income country were considered. Outcomes related to health, well-being, economic growth, and the bacterial content of water were considered. A total of 1,483 articles were identified, with 18 included after final screening. Most studies were case-control and took place in Brazil, the Pacific Islands, or south-western Asia. Fifteen studies considered sewerage, five considered chlorination, and two studies considered drainage with some studies considering multiple interventions. All primary outcomes were related to health. When implemented alone, the sewerage and chlorination interventions were largely successful. The evidence regarding the effects of chlorination, drainage, and sewerage interventions is limited and generally has a high risk of bias. When properly implemented, sewerage and chlorination are likely to have positive health impacts. However, when implemented poorly, all three interventions can have negative health impacts.
Kiriat-Jearim – sanktuarium Arki Przymierza i domniemane Emaus w świetle najnowszych odkryć archeologicznych
Authors: Ronowska Ewa
Published: December 2020

Artykuł przedstawia najnowsze ustalenia w kwestii identyfikacji pozostałości monumentalnej platformy na wzgórzu Kiriat-Jearim, położonym niedaleko Jerozolimy. Ustalenia te zostały oparte przede wszystkim na analizie danych archeologicznych zebranych w trakcie prac wykopaliskowych w sezonie 2017 oraz wskazówek zawartych w Biblii. Wyniki badań pozwalają przypuszczać, że ta monumentalna struktura wzniesiona została przez władcę Północnego Królestwa Jeroboama II i zapewne stanowiła pewien rodzaj twierdzy, dzięki której Izrael mógł kontrolować należącą do Judy Jerozolimę. W obrębie tej twierdzy mieściło się prawdopodobnie sanktuarium Arki Przymierza. Arka została przeniesiona z Kiriat-Jearim do Jerozolimy nie przez Dawida, ale dużo później, z inicjatywy króla Jozjasza, w ramach polityki centralizacji kultu. Badania archeologiczne zdają się też potwierdzać, że miejsce to może być utożsamione z biblijnym Emaus.
Jefte i jego ślub (Sdz 11,29-40) – lektura kontekstualna
Authors: Lemański Janusz
Published: December 2020

Jefte, jego ślub przed Bogiem oraz tragiczne jego skutki są od dawna przedmiotem wielu analiz. Zainteresowanie tą perykopą wynika z faktu, że Jefte obiecuje i składa Bogu ofiarę z człowieka (mimowolnie z własnej córki). Czytelnika zaskakuje w tym tekście brak jednoznacznej oceny moralnej i religijnej tego czynu. Negatywna ocena może być dostrzegana przy lekturze kontekstualnej (Rdz 22; Kpł 18,21; 20,2; prorocy). W obecnym artykule uwaga skupiona jest jednak na odczytaniu perykopy Sdz 11,29-40 wyłącznie w kontekście samej Księgi Sędziów i wykazaniu, że ten kontekst w wystarczający sposób pozwala ocenić negatywnie sam przypadek Jeftego i jego córki, jak i brak reakcji ze strony innych Izraelitów. Perykopa ukazuje kolejny krok w „kananeizacji” Izraela w czasach sędziów.
Integralny System Nowej Ewangelizacji jako odpowiedź na wezwanie Kościoła w Ameryce Łacińskiej do nowej ewangelizacji
Authors: Pabiś Dariusz , Makowski Andrzej
Published: December 2020

Od czasu Soboru Watykańskiego II świadomość ewangelizacyjnych wyzwań przed jakimi stoi Kościół jest coraz mocniejsza. Przynaglenie, aby w szybko zmieniającej się rzeczywistości poszukiwać dla ewangelizacji świeżych form i metod zaczęło być określane, począwszy od III Konferencji Rady Biskupów Ameryki Łacińskiej (CELAM) w Puebla z roku 1979, jako „nowa ewangelizacja”. Dzięki św. Janowi Pawłowi II określenie to zaś na stałe zagościło w świadomości Kościoła powszechnego.

Pontyfikat papieża Franciszka sprzyja, aby Ameryka Łacińska nadal kontynuowała inspirującą rolę wobec całego Kościoła w obszarze „nowej ewangelizacji”. W przekonaniu autorów artykułu godnym zainteresowania jest zainicjowany w Meksyku i z powodzeniem implementowany w wielu regionach świata, gdzie stał się oficjalnym programem duszpasterskim dla licznych diecezji i parafii - Integralny System Nowej Ewangelizacji (SINE – Sistema Integral de la Nueva Evangelización). Dostrzegając realia Kościoła w Polsce i ewangeliczy niepokój wielu duszpasterzy, System ten jest ciekawą propozycją, która – twórczo rozwinięta – może przekształcić tradycyjnie prowadzoną parafię w tętniącą życiem wspólnotę wspólnot.
Evaluation of Possible Processing Time Effects on the Global N-Glycosylation Profile of Human Blood Samples
Authors: Torok Rebeka , Farkas Anna , Guttman Andras , Jarvas Gabor
Published: December 2020

The utilization of N-glycan profiling recently gained high importance in
fundamental biomedical and applied clinical research. However, for the time being, no
glycan biomarker has been approved for clinical diagnosis by the regulatory agencies
due to the lack of verifications on large patient cohorts and suitable analytical
technologies. In this paper, the effect of human blood sample handling was studied prior
to N-glycosylation profiling by capillary electrophoresis, coupled with high sensitivity
fluorescence detection. Special attention was paid to the preservation of sialylated
structures because of their important clinical - biological relevance. Our results
suggested that it is adequate to refrigerate and store the collected total blood samples
prior to analysis to obtain unbiased results. Furthermore, we report on the good practice
of serum sample handling in order to prevent decomposition of the sialylated structures.
Our findings may promote procedure standardization and easier clinical translation of
diagnostic N-glycosylation profiling in molecular medicinal applications.
Evaluation and Formulation of the Methanol Extract and Oil of Nigella Sativa
Linn into Suppositories with Potentials in the Management of Vaginal
Candidiasis
Authors: Kola-Mustapha Adeola Tawakalitu , Bamigboye Felicia Abisola , Olufadi-Ahmed Haishat Yetunde , Ayotunde Hameedat Taiye , Ghazali Yusuf Oluwagbenga
Published: December 2020

Background:

A focus on the need to continue to develop alternative treatment protocols, especially from natural
sources like plants to circumvent the antimicrobial resistance experienced with synthetic products has become imperative.

Objective:

This research focused on the evaluation of the antifungal activities of Nigella sativa; and the formulation of a
vaginal suppository in a bid to provide therapeutic solutions to vaginal candidiasis.

Methods:

Antifungal activities of the methanol extracts of seeds and commercial oil from Nigella sativa were examined by
the agar well diffusion method against ten clinical isolates of Candida albicans and one reference standard Candida albicans
ATCC 3147. Clotrimazole was used as a positive control. Vaginal suppositories were formulated with 20% of the alcohol
extract and commercial oil using cocoa butter and shea butter as bases. The suppositories were assessed for their physicochemical and in-vitro dissolution properties. Agar well diffusion method was used to examine the antifungal activities of
the Nigella sativa suppositories.

Results:

The zones of inhibition of the extract ranged between 12.00 ± 1.73 and 32.33 ± 3.21 mm. After formulation, both
cocoa butter and shea butter bases were found to be compatible with the extract. They exhibited relatively high disintegration
time (8.56 ± 0.42 to 12.39 ± 0.98 min). The cocoa butter base gave stable suppositories and a faster release rate (56.95 ±
1.37 min) of the extract. The zones of inhibition of the suppositories incorporated with the extract ranged between 10.00 ±
1.00 and 23.67 ± 2.08 mm.

Conclusion:

These outcomes showed that the extract possesses antifungal activities and when incorporated into suppositories, activities vary according to the bases employed with the cocoa butter base being the more effective of the two bases.
2019 Novel Coronavirus: A Review on Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, Diagnosis and Current Clinical Trials in Vaccine Development
Authors: Jayaraman Megala , B. B. Sabari Krishna , Dutta Parijat , Telang Jayesh , Adhikari Sreshta , Pardeshi Arpan Neeraj
Published: December 2020

:

Coronavirus disease-2019, a viral disease caused by the novel severe acute respiratory
syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), was identified by the Centre for Disease Control (CDC),
China, on January 7, 2020. This mysterious respiratory epidemic occurred in Wuhan, China, in late
December 2019. A month after its outbreak in China, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared
it as a public health emergency of international concern (PHEIC) due to its severity and high
transmission potential throughout the world, leading many nations to implement multiple lockdown
sessions and strict social distancing measures. As of September 21, 2020, 30,675,675 active
cases and 954,417 deaths had been reported worldwide. Intensive research is being carried out
across the globe to identify precise diagnostic techniques and develop novel, effective vaccines
against the virus. Herein, we elaborate on details of epidemiology, genetics, pathophysiology, diagnosis,
prevention, and vaccine trials related to this pandemic.
Daya Dukung Air di Kawasan Pariwisata Nusa Penida, Bali
Authors:   Universitas Mahendradatta, Sudipa Nyoman , Mahendra Made Sudiana ,   Universitas Udayana, Adnyana Wayan Sandi ,   Universitas Udayana, Pujaastawa Ida Bagus ,   Universitas Udayana
Published: December 2020

Perkembangan pariwisata di Nusa Penida dalam kurun waktu 4 tahun terakhir meningkat pesat. Perkembangan ini dapat dilihat dari jumlah kedatangan wisatawan yang terus meningkat dan pertumbuhan pembangunan sarana akomodasi pariwisata yang mengalami peningkatan. Tumbuhnya Kawasan Pariwisata Nusa Penida berdampak kepada meningkatnya kebutuhan air untuk keberlanjutan kehidupan masyarakat dan pariwisata. Analisis untuk mengetahui kapasitas pasokan air yang ada sangat penting untuk keberlanjutan kehidupan masyarakat dan pariwisata Nusa Penida. Sumber data menggunakan data primer yang merupakan hasil pengamatan langsung di lokasi penelitian dan sumber data dari literatur atau penelitian sebelumnya. Kebutuhan air untuk pariwisata Nusa Penida pada Tahun 2028 diperkirakan sebesar 94,542,400 m3 per tahun. Status daya dukung air dengan sumber dari curah hujan surplus sebanyak 901,002.56 m3 per tahun. Status daya dukung penggunaan air dengan sumber dari 10% sumber air yang sudah eksisting pada tahun 2028 surplus sebesar 2,433,865,856.44 m3 per tahun. Status daya dukung penggunaan air dari curah hujan+10% penggunaan air yang sudah eksisting pada tahun 2028 surplus sebesar 2,529,309,259 m3 per tahun. Sedangkan air yang berasal dari air hujan dan sumber mata air yang ada pada tahun 2028 mengalami surplus sebesar 34,958,390,240 m3 per tahun
INDEKS STABILITAS AGREGAT TANAH PADA PERKEBUNAN TEH BERBASIS SLOPE DAN UMUR TANAMAN DI KECAMATAN GUNUNG TALANG KABUPATEN SOLOK
Authors: Afner Dendy Detafiano Prakasa , Aprisal A , Yulnafatmawita Y
Published: December 2020

Land-use change from the forest into tea plantation in Solok Regency in 1983 has decreased the area of forests in Gunung Talang District. Clearing up the forest at the beginning for tea plantation could worsen the physical and chemical conditions of the soil. One of which is soil aggregate stability that is very dynamic and can influence other soil physical properties. This study was aimed to determine soil Aggregate Stability Index (ASI) at tea plantations. Soil samples was taken at a depth of 0-20 cm from five different slopes (0-8% (A), 8-15% (B), 15-25% (C), 25-45% (D), and> 45% (E)) and at two crop ages (10 and 35 years old). The results showed that the soil aggregate stability index at tea plantations ranged from stable to very stable. It tended to decrease by increasing slope percentage at each of crop age, Between the ages, it showed higher ASI at 35 years old crop age under relatively flat (0-8%) and very steep (>45%) areas.
PENGARUH APLIKASI KOMPOS KOTORAN SAPI DAN PAITAN TERHADAP SIFAT KIMIA TANAH DAN PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN KEDELAI
Authors: Zuraida Putri Alfira , Nuraini Yulia
Published: December 2020

Fertile agricultural land encourages people to carry out agricultural cultivation activities. But in general, it has decreased soil fertility because its managed intensively without recycling of organic matter and has an impact on decreasing soil fertility chemically such as soil organic carbon and pH then leads to low productivity. Soybean is an agricultural product that necessary to develop because the demand for soybean consumption in East Java Province has always increased. However, Indonesia has not been able to fulfil this demand. One of the technology innovations that can be applied to improve soil fertility that has low organic matter and to increasing soybean production by providing input of quality organic fertilizer in the form of compost (Tithonia and Cow Dung). So this research is important to determine the effect of application cow dung compost and tithonia on soil chemical properties, the growth of soybean crops, and the correlations between soil chemical properties and soybean growth. This study used a randomized block design with 6 treatments and 3 replications. The result showed that the application of tithonia and cow dung compost shows a significant effect on soil chemical properties, plant height, and the number of leaves, but didn’t show a significant effect on the number of branches in every observation. Based on the correlation analysis, the results show a positive correlation between soil chemical properties and soybean growth.
ANALISIS KAPASITAS TAMPUNGAN DAN KINERJA WADUK UNTUK MEMENUHI KEBUTUHAN AIR TANAMAN NANAS DI PT. GREAT GIANT PINEAPPLE
Authors: Sahfitri Rani , Prijono Sugeng
Published: December 2020

The reservoir is one of the water sources that can be used for irrigation activities. PT. Great Giant Pineapple utilizes the reservoir function to provide water for irrigation activities. In an era that is increasingly developing now, many things can support success in the agricultural sector. Cropwat for window 8.0 application and ArcGis is one proof of technological advancements in this era. The results of this study were to determine the capacity of a reservoir by using two different methods namely bathymetry and DEM and to find out the performance of the reservoir used for irrigation activities based on pineapple plant water requirements.. This research is located in PT. Great Giant Pineapple, Terbanggi Besar, Lampung, conducted in October until November 2019. Based on the results of research that has been done, it is recommended to use the bathymetry method for reservoirs with water-filled conditions and using the DEM method for water-empty reservoirs and it is known that the performance of a reservoir will be affected by the amount of outflow and inflow that occurs in the reservoir and the large reservoir capacity.
FLUKTUASI FOSPOR DAN KEMASAMAN PADA AGREGAT TANAH DI PERKEBUNAN TEH YANG BERUMUR 36 TAHUN DI KECAMATAN GUNUNG TALANG, KABUPATEN SOLOK
Authors: Fadli Bori Heria , Yasin Syafrimen , Yulnafatmawita Y
Published: December 2020

Soil acidity is the dominant factor in the phosphate amount, distribution of nutrients in the aggregate is important to supporting nutrient requirement and cycling. Furthermore, Al-P and Fe-P or Ca-P bonds trapped in soil minerals, also physically protected from loss due to associate with aggregates. Thus, the factual limitation of phosphorus becomes a topic, including various aggregate fractions changes and their effect on the slope. Soil samples were taken from 36 years old plantations consisting of 45 points with two depths (0 - 20 cm and 20 - 40 cm) on a various slope, soil samples fractionated into several aggregate fractions, namely micro (<250 µm), meso (250-2000 µm) and macro-aggregates (2,000-5,000 µm). For chemical analysis, soil pH was measured by pH meter, aluminium with the volumetric method, and P-available with Bray method. Based on the analysis, it is known that the P content in the meso aggregate is higher than P content in the macro aggregate ± 0.055 g m-2 for 0 - 20 cm ± 2.136 g m-2 for 20-40 cm depth, and ± 1.058 g m-2 for slope of 0-8% at 0-20 cm depth. In total, phosphate in the tea plantation area is very low.
EVALUASI KESESUAIAN LAHAN UNTUK TANAMAN CABAI RAWIT DI KECAMATAN WAGIR, KABUPATEN MALANG
Authors: Simanjuntak Januardi Fransiskus , Agustina Christanti , Rayes Mochtar Lutfi
Published: December 2020

Land characteristics are factors that affect crop productivity. Different conditions of land characteristics will cause differences in crop productivity. Evaluation of land suitability can be used as a basis in assessing land quality to determine the factors of land characteristics that cause differences in crop productivity. The purpose of this study was to determine actual land suitability for cayenne pepper, determine which land characteristic affect crop productivity, and modify land suitability based on actual productivity suitability classes. This study was conducted in Wagir District, Malang Regency with a survey method on 8 Land Map Units (LMU) with 42 observation points. Quantitative parameters observed in this study include soil texture, pH, CEC, C-Organic, base saturation, N-total, P-available, exchangeable K, Ca, Mg, Na, and productivity of cayenne pepper in the field. Data analysis was performed by correlation test and multiple regression with the stepwise method. The results showed the actual land suitability class of cayenne pepper in the study area was S3 and N. Modifications to the characteristics of the land that most influence the productivity of cayenne pepper in the field, namely the pH of the soil produce new criteria with classes S1: 6.0-7.6; S2: 5,7–6,0; S3: 4,6-5,7; and N: <4,6. The land suitability assessment using the modified criteria resulted in the S3 conformity class, which was similar to the percentage productivity class and the N conformity class that was similar to the percentage productivity class.
LAJU INFILTRASI PADA BERBAGAI NAUNGAN DI KEBUN KOPI RAKYAT SUMBERMANJING WETAN
Authors: Reswari Adinda Ardana , Prijono Sugeng
Published: December 2020

Climate change in coffee cultivation is very influential and can disrupt the hydrological cycle, so shade planting is required. Planting vegetation on coffee fields can affect the infiltration rate. The infiltration rate is the amount of water per unit time that enters the soil surface. The purpose of this study was to determine the infiltration rate with various shading, namely mixed shade (sengon, teak, pepper, and coconut), sengon shade, and monoculture coffee land and to determine the relationship between soil physical properties and infiltration rate on people's land. The measurement of the infiltration rate was done with a double ring infiltrometer and the Horton model. Infiltration rate can be influenced by a variety of soil properties such as bulk density, soil pore distribution, soil aggregate stability, soil texture, soil organic matter content, and land use. The analysis used correlation, linear regression, multiple linear regression, and t-test. Differences in shade and soil properties affect the infiltration rate, especially micropores and soil porosity. Soil with a lot of micro-pore soil, low porosity and clay texture has a slow infiltration rate. The results of the t-test between the actual infiltration rate and the infiltration rate of the Horton model showed no significant difference; therefore, the Horton method approach can be used in estimating the actual infiltration rate in coffee fields.
A JUDICIALIZAÇÃO PELA DISPENSAÇÃO DE MEDICAMENTOS E A JURISPRUDÊNCIA DO SUPREMO TRIBUNAL FEDERAL
Authors: Ferreira Versalhes Enos Nunes , Lamarão Neto Homero , Teixeira Eliana Maria de Souza Franco
Published: December 2020

Texto que analisa o atual entendimento do Supremo Tribunal Federal quanto à temática da judicialização da saúde, especificamente quanto ao fornecimento de medicamentos, adotando como marcadores de pesquisa os Recursos Extraordinários 855.178 (tema 793), 657.718 (tema 500) e 566.471 (tema 06), afetados pela sistemática da Repercussão Geral e que, através de seus julgamentos meritórios, fixaram balizas para solução desses litígios. Utiliza a técnica da pesquisa bibliográfica, documental e exploratória, realizando análise qualitativa e aplicando o método dedutivo, para o entendimento e a interpretação das premissas fixadas pela Suprema Corte, buscando responder ao problema de pesquisa concernente em saber se o sistema interpretativo adotado nesses julgamentos propicia maior racionalização às soluções dessas contendas. O ensaio está estruturado em quatro itens. A introdução será o primeiro; o segundo, explora a judicialização e conceitos correlatos para auxiliar em sua exata compreensão; no subsequente, faz uma análise das teses proferidas e suas consequências para a resolução dessas demandas; por fim, conclui-se que, com o estabelecimento de parâmetros interpretativos vinculantes, a resposta à judicialização alcançará maior segurança jurídica, na medida em que orientada por critérios e limites específicos.
REFLEXÕES SOBRE O FEDERALISMO À BRASILEIRA EM TEMPOS DE PANDEMIA DA COVID-19
Authors: Iorio Filho Rafael Mario , Silva Fernanda Duarte Lopes Lucas da
Published: December 2020

Inserido em nossas pesquisas, ainda em desenvolvimento, sobre as marcas da cultura jurídica brasileira, no presente artigo, buscamos explicitar como o federalismo brasileiro, em suas relações com a cidadania, tem se revelado nos atuais tempos pandêmicos. Em especial, refletimos sobre a proteção à saúde, em relação ao papel e os limites dos entes federativos, no combate a pandemia a partir da análise dos julgamentos já proferidos pelo STF na ADI 6341.
Elements in Assessing the Architectural Characteristics of Heritage Buildings
Authors: Roslan Rosrinda , Said Shahrul Yani
Published: December 2020

Architectural characteristics are one of the crucial aspects of identifying the heritage buildings and carrying its values of significance. It plays an essential role in guiding critical players of the heritage buildings to maintain their buildings. This paper reviews the elements that had been considered by researchers in assessing the architectural characteristics of the heritage buildings on the selected case study to quantify their criteria using the Analytical Hierarchy Principles (AHP) techniques. The result indicates overall visual aspects, and optical character at the close range of the heritage buildings is essential in assessing architectural characteristics of heritage buildings.
Keywords: Architectural characteristics; Architectural elements; Heritage buildings.
eISSN: 2398-4287© 2020. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bsby e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v5iSI3.2577
Automatically Explaining Machine Learning Prediction Results on Asthma Hospital Visits in Patients With Asthma: Secondary Analysis
Authors: Luo Gang , Johnson Michael D , Nkoy Flory L , He Shan , Stone Bryan L
Published: December 2020

Background

Asthma is a major chronic disease that poses a heavy burden on health care. To facilitate the allocation of care management resources aimed at improving outcomes for high-risk patients with asthma, we recently built a machine learning model to predict asthma hospital visits in the subsequent year in patients with asthma. Our model is more accurate than previous models. However, like most machine learning models, it offers no explanation of its prediction results. This creates a barrier for use in care management, where interpretability is desired.

Objective

This study aims to develop a method to automatically explain the prediction results of the model and recommend tailored interventions without lowering the performance measures of the model.

Methods

Our data were imbalanced, with only a small portion of data instances linking to future asthma hospital visits. To handle imbalanced data, we extended our previous method of automatically offering rule-formed explanations for the prediction results of any machine learning model on tabular data without lowering the model’s performance measures. In a secondary analysis of the 334,564 data instances from Intermountain Healthcare between 2005 and 2018 used to form our model, we employed the extended method to automatically explain the prediction results of our model and recommend tailored interventions. The patient cohort consisted of all patients with asthma who received care at Intermountain Healthcare between 2005 and 2018, and resided in Utah or Idaho as recorded at the visit.

Results

Our method explained the prediction results for 89.7% (391/436) of the patients with asthma who, per our model’s correct prediction, were likely to incur asthma hospital visits in the subsequent year.

Conclusions

This study is the first to demonstrate the feasibility of automatically offering rule-formed explanations for the prediction results of any machine learning model on imbalanced tabular data without lowering the performance measures of the model. After further improvement, our asthma outcome prediction model coupled with the automatic explanation function could be used by clinicians to guide the allocation of limited asthma care management resources and the identification of appropriate interventions.
Using Friendship Ties to Understand the Prevalence of, and Factors Associated With, Intimate Partner Violence Among Adolescents and Young Adults in Kenya: Cross-Sectional, Respondent-Driven Survey Study (Preprint)
Authors: Memiah Peter , Kamau Anne , Opanga Yvonne , Muhula Samuel , Nyakeriga Emmanuel , Humwa Felix , Cook Courtney , Kingori Caroline , Muriithi Job
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND

Optimization of innovative approaches is required for estimating the intimate partner violence (IPV) burden among adolescents and young adults (AYA). Further investigation is required to identify risk and protective factors associated with IPV among AYA. There remain significant gaps in understanding these factors among this vulnerable population.

OBJECTIVE

The goal of our study was to determine the prevalence of IPV among an urban population of AYA and to identify factors associated with IPV among AYA.

METHODS

A cross-sectional study design utilizing respondent-driven sampling was adopted. The study was conducted among 887 AYA, aged 15 to 24 years, residing in Nairobi, Kenya. Data were collected through a phone-based survey using the REACH (Reaching, Engaging Adolescents and Young Adults for Care Continuum in Health)-AYA app. Questions on behavioral and psychosocial factors were adopted from different standardized questionnaires. Descriptive, bivariate, and multivariable statistics were used to describe the characteristics of the study sample.

RESULTS

Of the 887 participants, a higher proportion were male (540/887, 60.9%) compared to female (347/887, 39.1%). The prevalence of IPV was 22.3% (124/556). IPV was associated with being unsure if it was okay for a boy to hit his girlfriend, living in a home with physical violence or abuse, and being bullied (P=.005). The likelihood of experiencing IPV was higher among respondents whose friends and family members used alcohol (odds ratio [OR] 1.80, 95% CI 1.09-2.98) and among those who had repeated a class at school in the past two years (OR 1.90, 95% CI 1.11-3.23). Respondents who visited a health facility or doctor for reproductive health services were 2 times more likely to experience IPV (OR 2.23, 95% CI 1.40-3.70). Respondents who had used illicit drugs were 2 times more likely to experience IPV (OR 4.31, 95% CI 2.64-7.04). The probability of experiencing IPV decreased by 63% (OR 0.37, 95% CI 0.16-0.85) among respondents who refused to have sex with someone who was not prepared to use a condom.

CONCLUSIONS

IPV remains a significant public health priority because of its impact to society. Our results are in congruence with other similar studies. Efforts toward incorporating appropriate IPV core measures into the comprehensive care package for every AYA seeking health services should be explored. Programs need to address constellations of risk and protective factors linked to IPV in an effort to prevent its occurrence.
How Governance Shapes Emergency Management: China's Mixed Records in Responding to COVID-19
Authors: Wen Bo , Tang Shui-Yan , Tao Lei
Published: December 2020

A nation's governing system shapes its capacity for emergency preparedness and management. Designed to maintain the central government's absolute authority, China's governing system limits local governments’ initiative and capacity in responding to mass emergencies. By examining China's fight against COVID-19, this essay dynamically demonstrates how the country's governing regime constrains the initial response of local officials and other non-state entities to the virus but facilitated large-scale mobilization once the crisis was recognized by the central leadership. Four essential factors for an adaptive emergency management system are identified: 1) raising the central government's ability to recognize mass emergencies, 2) changing political incentives of local cadres, 3) creating a flexible and efficient ad-hoc resource allocation mechanism, and 4) embracing the participation of non-governmental actors. This study provides insights into how political realities explain the disparity in pandemic control performance across nations. It also shows how the resilience of a mass emergency management system can be enhanced within the constraints of existing governing institutions.
BUILDING COMIC IMAGINATION THROUGH POLITICAL PARODY: A CRITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS ON DONALD TRUMP IN THE PRESIDENT SHOW AND SATURDAY NIGHT LIVE’S THE PRESIDENTIAL DEBATE
Authors: Fataya Isna Ardyani
Published: December 2020

The number of Americans watching political comedy shows has significantly growing recent years. The views increase as TV channels spread their programs into social media, such as YouTube. The comic and funny aspects depicted in the political parody can be in the forms of imitation, impersonation, and reflection of one’s character, expression, and appearance. This paper aims to investigate American TV programs, The President Show and Saturday Night Live’s The Presidential Debate, by employing humor theory seen from Van Dijk’s critical discourse analysis. The dialogues used by the impersonators are analyzed to figure out the elements of funny features, comedy, and parody. Hence, the purpose of this study is to answer whether or not the discourse mechanism can build humor in The President Show and Saturday Night Live’s The Presidential Debate. The data apply ten Comedy Central’s YouTube videos and four Saturday Night Live’s YouTube videos. The data comprises of political and power discourse. The analysis concludes that both shows utilize some aggressive strategies to criticize Trump’s character, such as metaphor to represent policies, contrast to illustrate positive self-representation, and hyperbole to demonstrate racism. While Saturday Night Live applies Hillary Clinton to contrast Trump’s image. Saturday Night Live contrast Trump by applying strategies such as disclaimer, implication, incongruity, aggressive, and illustration to criticize his personalities and his controversial political decisions.
School-Family-Community Partnerships and Its’ Influence on Students ‘Achievement in Public Secondary Schools in Ilemela Municipal, Tanzania
Authors: Paulo Veneranda , Onyango Dr. Daniel Oduor
Published: December 2020

Education is an investment which brings socio-economic return to the person and nation at large. In implementing various strategies to improve student development and academic outcomes, it is important to include all key stake holders by fostering close schools, family and community partnerships, and not only teachers and administrators, but also family and community members. These partnerships improve schools and lead to student’s success in academic and social arena. In Tanzania public secondary schools, family and community partnerships is considered to be low and students’ performance in academic and discipline continues to be poor compared to schools with strong family community partnerships. Therefore, the objectives of this study were; to identify the existing school-family-community partnerships in public secondary school in Ilemela Municipal, to investigate whether school-family-community partnerships in public secondary schools influence students ‘achievement in Ilemela Municipal and to find out if there are any challenges facing of school-family-community partnerships implementation in public secondary schools in Ilemela Municipal. The study employed a mixed research methods where questionnaires and interview were used to collect data. The total sample size was 141; respondents involved were teachers, heads of school, students, District Education Officer, and family and community members. Descriptive statistics analysis and thematic analysis was used, and the findings revealed that there are few and poor School-family community partnerships. The study found out that, partnerships have great influence on students ‘achievement. Furthermore, the study found various challenges which face the implementation of school-family-community partnerships in public secondary schools in Ilemela district. The study recommends that The Ministry of education and vocational training the Ministry of education to make policy reforms to encourage a national wide involvement of families and community in school development activities to ensure quality provision of education which will enhance best returns in socio-economic such as industrialized economy.
Archivists Managing Research Data? a Survey of Irish Organisations
Authors: Grant Rebecca
Published: December 2020

This paper describes a survey undertaken in 2017 to establish which research data management policies and practices were in place at Irish organisations; the extent to which archivists and records managers were employed to manage research data at those organisations; and the impact that archival skills have on research data management at an organisation. The paper describes the survey methods and data analysis, and presents findings including the presence of archivists and records managers at more than half of the surveyed organisations. Next steps for the research are also outlined.
Embedding Analytics within the Curation of Scientific Workflows
Authors: Weatherby Gerard , Gryk Michael Robert
Published: December 2020

This paper reports on the ongoing activities and curation practices of the National Center for Biomolecular NMR Data Processing and Analysis1. Over the past several years, the Center has been developing and extending computational workflow management software for use by a community of biomolecular NMR spectroscopists. Previous work had been to refactor the workflow system to utilize the PREMIS framework for reporting retrospective provenance as well as for sharing workflows between scientists and to support data reuse. In this paper, we report on our recent efforts to embed analytics within the workflow execution and within provenance tracking. Important metrics for each of the intermediate datasets are included within the corresponding PREMIS intellectual object, which allows for both inspection of the operation of individual actors as well as visualization of the changes throughout a full processing workflow.
These metrics can be viewed within the workflow management system or through standalone metadata widgets. Our approach is to support a hybrid approach of both automated, workflow execution as well as manual intervention and metadata management. In this combination, the workflow system and metadata widgets encourage the domain experts to be avid curators of the data which they create, fostering both computational reproducibility and scientific data reuse.
Orthodox Christians in Uganda: Social and Cultural Processes in African Christian Communities
Authors: Bondarenko Dmitriy , Tutorskiy Andrey
Published: December 2020

The paper outlines a brief history of the advancement of Orthodox Christianity and Old Belief in Uganda. It also characterizes Orthodox Christianity (and Old Belief) for the followers as a true, “non-Western” religion. It is explained by two factors: the cultural differences specific to precolonial Africa and the new features rooted after the introduction of Western culture. Relying on the study findings, the authors demonstrate the importance of studying the Orthodox cultural legacy in Africa for a better understanding of its future course of development.
Immune System Evasion Mechanisms in Staphylococcus aureus: Current Understanding
Authors: Malak Hesham A. , Abulreesh Hussein H. , Organji Sameer R. , Elbanna Khaled , Shaaban Mohammed R. , Samreen  , Ahmad Iqbal , Shami Ashwag , Alshehri Wafa A. , Khalel Ashjan , Abureesh Hiyam H. , Asiri Fatimah H. , Aldosari Mohammad S. , Almalki Meshal H.K.
Published: December 2020

Staphylococcus aureus is a major human pathogen that may cause a wide range of infections and is a frequent cause of soft tissue and bloodstream infections. It is a successful pathogen due to its collective virulence factors and its ability to evade the host immune systems. The review aims to highlight how S. aureus destroys and damage the host cells and explains how immune cells can respond to this pathogen. This review may also provide new insights that may be useful for developing new strategy for combating MRSA and its emerging clones such as community-associated methicillin-resistant S. aureus (CA-MRSA).
Mycoplasma pneumoniae: Atypical Pathogen in Community Acquired Pneumonia
Authors: Mohammad Abdul-Rahman Mamdouh , Abd El-Baky Rehab Mahmoud , Ahmed Eman Farouk
Published: December 2020

Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a one of most common reasons of respiratory tract infections in both adolescents and children with severity ranged from moderate to high. Many facts in the previous years regarding infections were induced via this organism having extra pathogenic mechanisms. Clinically, resistance to macrolide has produced internationally and represents a treatment trouble. Antimicrobial sensitivity checking out techniques have been applied, and novel antibiotics which are effective towards M. pneumoniae are present processing development. That evaluate concentrates on the several trends occurring in the previous quite a few years which beautify the grasp of that microorganism, which is one of the smallest pathogenic bacteria; however, is of extreme medical significance.