bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
450 Tears Too Soon: Mixteca-Puebla Style Polychrome Ceramics in El Salvador
Authors: Amaroli B. Paúl E. , Olsen Bruhns Karen
Published: October 2016

El Posclásico temprano en El Salvador se caracteriza por la fase Cihuatán, una versión local de la cultura de la elite internacional del Posclásico en Mesoamérica. Elementos de esta cultura, adoptada por los salvadoreños, incluyen urbanismo y estilos internacionales, mexicanizados, de arquitectura y de la planeación de centros rituales y de la elite, así como marcados cambios en el decorado de las céramicas. Entre los nuevos objetos de cerámica se encuentra Banderas polícroma, una versión local de la extendida tradición cerámica conocida como Mixteca-Puebla polícroma. La única muestra excavada por fechar es del mismo Cihuatán y corresponde en su mayoría con el subestilo del códice, un estilo que representa motivos del centro y sur de México cercanamente relacionados con las  pinturas de los códices. Estos motivos son, en su mayoría, bélicos. Uno de los más comunes es el chimalli, o escudo, usualmente atado con dardos y atlatls, seguido de cráneos, huesos, partes del cuerpo desmembradas, espinas de maguey y otros arte-factos asociados con la guerra y el sacrificio.
Algunas reflexiones sobre la Casa de Moneda de la ciudad de México
Authors: Cuesta Hernández Luis Javier
Published: October 2016

Este trabajo examina la producción del ingeniero militar español Luis Díez Navarro (Málaga, 1699–Guatemala, 1780), como ejemplo de migración artística de un género complejo en el siglo xviii como la dupla arquitectura/ingeniería militar de España al virreinato de Nueva España y la Capitanía General de Guatemala. La ingeniería trajo consigo una nueva manera de entender y expresar el imaginario de poder metropolitano en los reinos hispánicos. Tanto en fortificaciones (Veracruz), como en edificios administrativos (Casa de Moneda, México), Díez Navarro le dio un nuevo sentido a la universalidad de la arquitectura barroca. Sin embargo, sus trabajos en la planeación de la nueva capital de Guatemala, tras los sismos que destru-yeron Santiago de los Caballeros en 1773, fueron los que le asegurarían un papel fundamental en la discusión entre globalización e identidad.
Después de las utopías, la nostalgia. El siglo XIX y su recepción en el siglo XX
Authors: Dorotinsky Alperstein Deborah
Published: October 2016

Este artículo propone una reflexión sobre la historiografía de la fotografía decimonónica como empezó a realizarse en el siglo XX.  Aborda dos libros de Enrique Fernández Ledesma para analizar las formas de representación textual y visual de la experiencia burguesa en el siglo XIX, en particular la romántica. Resalta la importancia que tuvieron las construcciones de comportamientos de clase social y de género pensando en la complementariedad de la dupla tradición/modernidad como una tensión casi inescapable en la construcción de una modernidad nacional. Por ello se vinculan con los sueños utópicos y las remembranzas del pasado tanto virreinal como decimonónico. Es decir una nostalgia del pasado como actitud histórica, como una expresión más de lo paradójicas que fueron las energías que movieron la cultura después del renacimiento cultural de la posrevolución y de las formas de irse dando la modernidad en el país.
La cruz mexicana del siglo XVI de la catedral de Palencia (España): la visión indígena del Gólgota como "la montaña sagrada"
Authors: García Barrios Ana , Parada López de Corselas Manuel
Published: October 2016

En este estudio se analiza la cruz de altar de cristal de roca y plata dorada que se conserva en la catedral de Palencia (España). La obra mide 48,5 cm de altura y consta de dos partes: la cruz propiamente dicha con su Cristo crucificado y, en la cruceta, una representación de Dios Padre en la parte delantera y la Virgen en la posterior; la segunda parte, que sirve de apoyo a la cruz, se trata de una representación del Gólgota o Calvario habitado por diversas plantas y animales de clara tradición prehispánica mesoamericana. Su base contiene la marca de la ciudad de México empleada al menos desde mediados del siglo XVI hasta ca. 1572. Dentro del arte novohispano esta cruz se incluye estilística e iconográficamente entre las primeras manifestaciones del llamado arte indocristiano. Pese a ello, solamente figura en publicaciones sobre platería virreinal novohispana y su complejo programa hasta ahora no se había estudiado a profundidad. iconográfico
Another Artistic Album of Bernardo Olivares
Authors: Donahue-Wallace Kelly
Published: October 2016

La presente contribución presenta e introduce un manuscrito hasta recientemente desconocido del artista mexicano Bernardo Olivares Iriarte. El  álbum, escrito en 1855, representa un nuevo recurso para el estudio del arte virreinal y del México independiente. El estudio resume y contextualiza el contenido del álbum y enfatiza su valor para los estudiantes del arte mexicano.
El panorama acuático de la ciudad de México de principios del siglo XX: El Plano en prespectiva de la ciudad y el valle de México: Henry Wellge’s Perspective Plan of the City and Valley of Mexico, D.F. 1906
Authors: Widdifield Stacie G. , Banister Jeffrey M.
Published: October 2016

Este estudio se enfoca en la cromolitografía de Henry Wellge de 1906, Perspective Plan of the City and Valley of Mexico, D.F., una vista panorámica que estructura la capital y sus alrededores lacustres mediante primeros planos y perspectivas distantes. La obra representa un paisaje conformado por canales, ríos y lagos, y documenta el momento crucial previo a la estructuración de la infraestructura hidráulica moderna que eliminaría del panorama la superficie acuosa. Por tanto, examinamos esta imagen como documento visual de las ideas de control hidráulico en boga alrededor de 1900, cuando en México había una política centralizadora de recursos, que reorganizaba los espacios rural y urbano mediante la construcción de modernas plantas depuradoras de agua. El plano de Wellge nos obliga a analizar el agua como una relación entre lo material y el paisaje representado, es decir, como una combinación entre la política y las prácticas sociales, espaciales y visuales mediante las cuales este paisaje y geografía se han articulado y representado de manera inteligible.
Templos pleurantes del norte. Esgrafiado de tradición mudéjar en tres iglesias del septentrión novohispano
Authors: Hernández Soubervielle José Armando
Published: October 2016

Este artículo invita a la discusión respecto a ciertas manifestaciones artísticas encontradas en la arquitectura de algunos templos, ubicados en lo que fuera el norte novohispano, en los cuales se aprecian pervivencias de decorado de tradición mudéjar en forma de esgrafiados y rejuntados, característicos en las zonas rurales españolas por la economía de su hechura. El análisis se centra tanto en el esgrafiado denominado de "lágrima o gota", como en las formas figurativas que decoran los muros del corpus aquí analizado, para, mediante ello, señalar que aún existen elementos de análisis en forma de pervivencias, los cuales dan razón de la influencia mudéjar en Hispanoamérica y de cómo éstas adquirieron un lenguaje y simbolismo propios.
"Trampantojo a lo divino": El Nazareno del Hospital de Jesús en Pensilvania
Authors: Robin Alena
Published: October 2016

En la segunda mitad del siglo xvii una indígena donó una escultura de Jesús Nazareno a la iglesia del Hospital de la Concepción de Nuestra Señora de la ciudad de México. A los pocos años, el culto adquirió proporciones mayores, a tal punto que el nombre del hospital cambió por el de Hospital de Jesús, con el cual todavía se le conoce. A medida que el culto del Nazareno fue creciendo, también lo hizo el fenómeno de las "copias", en el cual una efigie, por el respeto y devoción que había adquirido, se transformaba en "modelo" a seguir. El propósito de esta noticia es dar a conocer un cuadro novohispano, conservado en el St. Charles Borromeo Seminary, en Wynnewood, Pensilvania, y explicar porqué se cree que dicha pintura es un retrato pintado de esta devota escultura.
De perros pelones, buzos y Spondylus. Una historia continental
Authors: Hers Marie-Areti , Carot Patricia
Published: October 2016

Al reunir y revisar nueva información sobre temas a primera vista inconexos como: el perro pelón, su origen y representaciones; el Spondylus, su obtención a grandes profundidades, su simbolismo y un hipotético gremio continental de mercaderes-viajeros asociado a su comercio; así como un conjunto de hallazgos en tierras michoacanas de objetos de procedencia muy lejana, se propone reavivar el interés por explorar las relaciones de Mesoamérica con el mundo andino y, en particular, el papel que podrían haber tenido en estas redes de intercambio grupos tarascos y navegantes ecuatorianos inmersos en un ancho mundo de dimensiones continentales.
ADAPTACIÓN Y VALIDACIÓN DE UN TEST DE COHESIÓN GRUPAL PARA BASES ANTÁRTICAS: COGBA
Authors: De Vita Ana Celeste , Barbarito Marta Graciela
Published: October 2016

La cohesión grupal es unos de los factores que facilita la adaptación al medioambiente polar, pero hacen falta estudios específi cos que analicen la cohesión social en bases antárticas. Se llevó a cabo una adaptación del test de Buckner (1988) Neighborhood Cohesion Instrument para ser empleado en bases antárticas argentinas. Se tradujo de inglés al castellano y se adaptó terminología usada en las campañas antárticas. La muestra estuvo constituida por personal civil y militar de dos bases antárticas, con un n = 100. Se realizó un análisis factorial de Factores Principales que produjo cinco factores. Se tomó el factor principal para la construcción de una escala unidimensional de 18 ítems, con un alfa de Cronbach de .907. Las preguntas en clave negativa descartadas durante el análisis hacen pensar en la negación de la confl ictividad que suele prevalecer en las bases antárticas y se plantea la necesidad de generar instrumentos para medir los aspectos de la cohesión grupal en relación al trabajo y las tareas, así como contemplar estudios en relación al conflicto.
CARACTERIZACIÓN DESCRIPTIVA DE LOS PROCESOS JUDICIALES REFERENCIADOS CON ALIENACIÓN PARENTAL EN UNA CIUDAD EN EL SUR DE BRASIL REGIÓN
Authors: Fermann Ilana , Habigzang Luísa Fernanda
Published: October 2016

La alienación parental (AP) es un fenómeno que ocurre comúnmente en situaciones de custodia de menores. Objetivo: caracterizar las demandas catalogadas como AP, procedente de Cortes de Familia y Sucesiones, Tribunal de Infancia y Juventud de Porto Alegre y Sala Civil de la Corte del Estado de Rio Grande do Sul. Esta caracterización incluyó el perfi l de los niños y sus padres e información sobre el proceso para entender la situación de AP. Método: análisis documental descriptivo de 14 juicios que involucran a 16 niños. Resultados: el 87.5% de los padres ya estaban divorciados, el 37.5% de los niños estaban bajo la custodia de la madre, el 71.4% identifi có a la madre como el progenitor alienador y el 21.4% al padre. Conclusiones: no siempre el punto de inicio del proceso es la AP. La AP es una forma de violencia psicológica que puede influir negativamente en el desarrollo de los niños y adolescentes.
Trade openness and industrial growth: Evidence from Nigeria
Authors: Adamu Fahad , Dogan Ergun
Published: October 2016

This study examines the long-run and short-run relationship between industrial production and trade openness in Nigeria during the period from 1986 to 2008 by using quarterly data. It employs the ARDL bounds testing methodology developed by M. Hashem Pesaran, Yongcheol Shin, and Richard J. Smith (2001). The results of both the long-run analysis and the short-run error correction model (ECM) indicate that trade openness has a significant and positive impact on industrial production. The Toda-Yamamoto causality analysis shows that there is one-way Granger causality, running from trade openness to industrial production.
Extreme Vehicle Loads on Bridges: Evaluating and Regulating Farm Equipment in Wisconsin
Authors: Dietsche Joshua S. , Oliva William L.
Published: October 2016

In May 2014, the Wisconsin legislature passed Act 377. Among other things, the act creates an increased weight allowance for vehicles classified as implements of husbandry (IoH), known to most simply as farm vehicles. These vehicles, which are both large and heavy, were designed for use in the field, but in today’s modern infrastructure, they must sometimes navigate roads and bridges as well. The increased weight allowance is a modification of the federal bridge formula (FBF). It allows IoH to operate at 15% above FBF limitations for both axle and gross weights. The act includes partial exemptions for certain implements and creates a permitting structure for implements that exceed the stated limits. The act attempts to strike a balance between the needs of the farming community in Wisconsin and the effects of heavy vehicles on the inventory bridges in the state. In this paper, the work done by the Wisconsin Department of Transportation’s Bureau of Structures to render a structural recommendation concerning operation of IoH on the Wisconsin bridge inventory is documented. Both analysis work to assess risk to the inventory as a whole and permitting processes and procedures to address IoH on a more local level are included. The intent is that other state departments of transportation and infrastructure owners benefit from Wisconsin’s experiences.
Short-Term Traffic States Forecasting Considering Spatial–Temporal Impact on an Urban Expressway
Authors: Chen Peng , Ding Chuan , Lu Guangquan , Wang Yunpeng
Published: October 2016

Forecasting of short-term traffic states on expressways by adopting spatial–temporal models has gained increasing attention. Traffic data from neighboring sites were demonstrated to provide valuable information for predicting traffic states at sites of interest. However, when one considers the need to analyze the multivariate nature of traffic states over spatial dimensions, as well as of different models for various times of day, the interaction effects between spatial–temporal patterns require further investigation. This study addressed this issue on a segment of Shanghai North–South Expressway. Temporal characteristics of traffic volumes and speeds were analyzed by dividing the time of day into ordinal periods with relatively stable states. Then, spatial vector autoregressive (VAR) models were constructed at typical analysis periods for volume and speed forecasting by considering different combinations of upstream and downstream impacts. The results showed that the impact of downstream traffic conditions on upstream traffic cannot be neglected, especially in peak periods. For off-peak periods, traffic states at a location largely depended on upstream states, while downstream states appeared to have fewer effects. In such cases, models incorporating only upstream states were proved able to achieve sufficient accuracy. In addition, encouraging forecasting results were found when VAR models were compared with traditional methods (e.g., autoregressive integrated moving average and historical average), which failed to consider the spatial component of spatial–temporal patterns. All analyses helped to demonstrate the applicability of VAR models and to provide practical guidance for incorporating spatial–temporal dynamics into forecasting of expressway traffic states.
Signal Timing Detection Based on Spatial–Temporal Map Generated from CCTV Surveillance Video
Authors: Ardestani Seyedamirali Mostafavizadeh , Jin Peter J. , Feeley Cecilia
Published: October 2016

Signal timing data are a critical component in the estimation of arterial traffic states. Estimating arterial travel time, intersection delay, and queue length from either detector or probe data relies on accurate input or detection of signal timing. Moreover, the emerging eco-intersection approaching and departure applications also require reliable signal timing input. With the accelerated deployment of adaptive and smart signal systems, signal timing data have become more and more readily available at arterial management centers. However, of the thousands of intersections around the country, many still do not report real-time signal timing data because of various maintenance, hardware, software, communication, cost, and other problems. Some existing studies have proposed the use of probe trajectories to infer signal timing on the basis of shock wave theory; however, because of the limited sample sizes, coverage and reliability are also limited. A computer vision–based algorithm to detect signal timing from the regular low-resolution CCTV cameras at many major arterial intersections around the United States is proposed in this paper. The algorithm detects vehicle trajectories by evaluating the movement of pixel colors at a predefined scan line on CCTV video footage. By detecting static objects on the scan line and their stalling duration, the proposed algorithm can efficiently detect the starting and ending times of red lights. The algorithm is calibrated and evaluated by using arterial traffic video collected from the intersection of Henderson Road at U.S. Hwy 1 in North Brunswick, New Jersey. The results show the promising performance of the algorithm in becoming a cost-effective signal detection solution.
Explaining Teachers’ Use of Textbooks
Authors: Reichenberg Monica
Published: October 2016

In educational systems without comprehensive systems for regulating textbooks, teachers can exert considerable influence on the use of textbooks. However, existing research has not yet identified the mechanisms of this use. Accordingly, the aim of this article is to examine and explain teachers’ strategic use of textbooks. I administered a questionnaire to 313 Swedish teachers of years four to twelve (for pupils of ten to eighteen years of age). The results demonstrate a pathway between reading practices and strategic textbook use, mediated by textbook satisfaction. Pupils’ reading needs had a negative impact on strategic textbook use. Finally, teachers’ experience had a positive impact on reading practices but no effect on strategic textbook use.
Disparities found in chemotherapy administration for human immunodeficiency virus‐associated lymphoma
Authors: Barton Mary Kay
Published: October 2016

Key Points

The drop in cases of HIV‐associated lymphoma from 2004 to 2012 was significantly larger among white non‐Hispanic patients than in the black or Hispanic population.

The percentage of patients receiving chemotherapy for HIV‐associated lymphoma was not significantly different over the study period for the common types of NHL.

Strategies to address disparities are being actively researched and implemented.
Evidence for Heterosis in Italian Ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) Based on Inbreeding Depression in F2 Generation Offspring from Biparental Crosses
Authors: Wang Junping , Pembleton Luke , Cogan Noel , Forster John
Published: October 2016

Italian ryegrass is one of the most important temperate forage grasses on a global basis. Improvement of both dry matter yield and quality of herbage have been major objectives of pasture grass breeding over the last century. F1 and F2 progeny sets derived from controlled pair-crosses between selected Italian ryegrass genotypes have been evaluated for yield and nutritive quality under field conditions. Linear regression of the performance of F1 families under sward conditions on parental genotype means in a spaced plant trial was significant for quality characteristics, but not for herbage yield. This result suggests that phenotypic selection of individual plants from spaced plant nursery is feasible for improvement of nutritive quality traits, but not for yield. The presence of significant heterosis within F1 populations was demonstrated by reduced herbage production in subsequent F2 populations (generated by one cycle of full-sib mating), an up to 22.1% total herbage yield in fresh weight, and a 30.5% survival rate at the end of the second reproductive cycle. Potential optimal crosses for exploiting such heterosis are discussed, based on construction and the inter-mating of complementary parental pools, for the implementation of a novel F1 hybrid production strategy.
A Green’s Function Molecular Dynamics Approach to the Mechanical Contact between Thin Elastic Sheets and Randomly Rough Surfaces
Authors: Putignano Carmine , Dapp Wolf , Müser Martin
Published: October 2016

Adhesion of biological systems is often made possible through thin elastic layers, such as human skin. To address the question of when a layer is sufficiently thin to become adhesive, we extended Green’s function molecular dynamics (GFMD) to account for the finite thickness of an elastic body that is supported by a fluid foundation. We observed that thin layers can much better accommodate rough counterfaces than thick structures. As a result, the contact area is enlarged, in particular, when the width of the layer w approaches or even falls below the short-wavelength cutoff λ s of the surface spectra. In the latter case, the proportionality coefficient between area and load scales is ( w / λ s ) 3 , which is consistent with Persson’s contact mechanics theory.
A Metric for Secrecy-Energy Efficiency Tradeoff Evaluation in 3GPP Cellular Networks
Authors: Ciabini Fabio , Morosi Simone , Mucchi Lorenzo , Ronga Luca
Published: October 2016

Physical-layer security is now being considered for information protection in future wireless communications. However, a better understanding of the inherent secrecy of wireless systems under more realistic conditions, with a specific attention to the relative energy consumption costs, has to be pursued. This paper aims at proposing new analysis tools and investigating the relation between secrecy capacity and energy consumption in a 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) cellular network , by focusing on secure and energy efficient communications. New metrics that bind together the secure area in the Base Station (BS) sectors, the afforded date-rate and the power spent by the BS to obtain it, are proposed that permit evaluation of the tradeoff between these aspects. The results show that these metrics are useful in identifying the optimum transmit power level for the BS, so that the maximum secure area can be obtained while minimizing the energy consumption.
Alkaloids with Activity against the Zika Virus Vector Aedes aegypti (L.)—Crinsarnine and Sarniensinol, Two New Crinine and Mesembrine Type Alkaloids Isolated from the South African Plant Nerine sarniensis
Authors: Masi Marco , Cala Antonio , Tabanca Nurhayat , Cimmino Alessio , Green Ivan , Bloomquist Jeffrey , Van Otterlo Willem , Macias Francisco , Evidente Antonio
Published: October 2016

Two new Amaryllidaceae alkaloids, belonging to the mesembrine- and crinine-types, named crinsarnine (1) and sarniensinol (2), were isolated from the dried bulbs of Nerine sarniensis together with bowdensine (3), sarniensine (4), hippadine (5) and 1-O-acetyl-lycorine (6). Crinsarnine (1) and sarniensinol (2) were characterized using spectroscopic and chiroptical methods as (1S,2S,4aR,10bS)-2,7-dimethoxy-1,2,3,4,4a,6-hexahydro-5,11b-ethano[1,3]dioxolo-[4,5-j]phenanthridin-1-yl acetate and (6-(3aR,4Z,6S,7aS)-6-methoxy-1-methyl-2,3,3a,6,7,7a-hexa-hydro-1H-indol-3a-yl)benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)methanol, respectively. Furthermore, the complete spectroscopic characterization of bowdensine (3) is reported for the first time. Compounds 1–6 were evaluated against the Orlando reference strain of Aedes aegypti. None of compounds showed mortality against 1st instar Ae. aegypti larvae at the concentrations tested. In adult topical bioassays, only 1 displayed adulticidal activity with an LD50 = 2.29 ± 0.049 μg/mosquito. As regards the structure-activity relationship, the pretazettine and crinine scaffold in 2 and 4 and in 1 and 3 respectively, proved to be important for their activity, while the pyrrole[de]phenanthridine scaffold present in 5 and 6 was important for their reactivity. Among the pretazettine group compounds, opening of the B ring or the presence of a B ring lactone as well as the trans-stereochemistry of the A/B ring junction, appears to be important for activity, while in crinine-type alkaloids, the substituent at C-2 seems to play a role in their activity.
Analysis of the Impacts of Man-Made Features on the Stationarity and Dependence of Monthly Mean Maximum and Minimum Water Levels in the Great Lakes and St. Lawrence River of North America
Authors: Assani Ali
Published: October 2016

Various manmade features (diversions, dredging, regulation, etc.) have affected water levels in the Great Lakes and their outlets since the 19th century. The goal of this study is to analyze the impacts of such features on the stationarity and dependence between monthly mean maximum and minimum water levels in the Great Lakes and St. Lawrence River from 1919 to 2012. As far as stationarity is concerned, the Lombard method brought out shifts in mean and variance values of monthly mean water levels in Lake Ontario and the St. Lawrence River related to regulation of these waterbodies in the wake of the digging of the St. Lawrence Seaway in the mid-1950s. Water level shifts in the other lakes are linked to climate variability. As for the dependence between water levels, the copula method revealed a change in dependence mainly between Lakes Erie and Ontario following regulation of monthly mean maximum and minimum water levels in the latter. The impacts of manmade features primarily affected the temporal variability of monthly mean water levels in Lake Ontario.
Impact of Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate on Bone Metabolism and Bone Mass among Perinatally HIV-Infected Asian Adolescents
Authors:   the Bone-D study group, Sudjaritruk Tavitiya , Bunupuradah Torsak , Aurpibul Linda , Kosalaraksa Pope , Kurniati Nia , Sophonphan Jiratchaya , Ananworanich Jintanat , Puthanakit Thanyawee
Published: October 2016

Background

This study aimed to determine the effect of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) on bone metabolism and bone mass in HIV-infected adolescents.

Methods

This was a sub-study of a cross-sectional multicentre bone health trial that enrolled perinatally HIV-infected Thai and Indonesian adolescents (10–18 years) with viral suppression on antiretroviral therapy. Participants were classified into two groups as TDF users and non-users. Bone metabolism-related markers (25-hydroxyvitamin D [25-OHD], intact parathyroid hormone [iPTH], bone turnover biomarkers), and lumbar spine dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry were assessed. Bone mineral density (BMD)/bone mineral apparent density (BMAD) Z-scores were calculated.

Results

Of 394 adolescents, 136 (34.5%) and 258 (65.5%) were TDF users and non-users, respectively. Among TDF users, median age (IQR) was 16.1 (14.7–17.4) years and TDF treatment duration (IQR) was 2.3 (1.4– 3.1) years. Among TDF non-users, median age (IQR) was 14.3 (12.6–16.4) years. BMD and BMAD Z-scores comparing TDF users with non-users were -0.8 and -0.6 ( P=0.27), and -0.3 and -0.2 ( P=0.58), respectively. The association between TDF use and iPTH elevation was intensified in adolescents with suboptimal vitamin D levels (25-OHD <30 ng/ml; P=0.001). TDF administration was positively associated with bone resorption marker ( P=0.04) and negatively associated with bone formation marker ( P=0.04). With data up to 4 years, neither association between TDF use and bone mass loss (BMD: P=0.09; BMAD: P=0.22), nor variation of bone mass Z-scores by TDF treatment duration (BMD: P=0.34; BMAD: P=0.58) was demonstrated.

Conclusions

Recent TDF administration was correlated with PTH elevation and bone turnover dysregulation but not with bone mass reduction in our cohort. A study with extended follow-up to ascertain TDF-associated bone mass deterioration is warranted.
Meurtrières au nom d’un enfant
Authors: Morel Geneviève
Published: October 2016

On s’intéresse plus aux mères infanticides qu’à celles qui tuent pour leur enfant. Peut-être parce qu’on croit à l’instinct maternel : à la différence des premières – ces criminelles dénaturées –, on considère, sans bien se l’avouer, le geste des secondes comme admirable. En effet, leurs meurtres ne concentrent-ils pas l’essence d’une maternité idéale bien que poussée à l’extrême ? Et si ces meurtres étaient au fond plus cyniques qu’idéalistes ? J’explorerai, à partir de divers exemples (Le film Elena [2011] de Zviaguintsev, et le roman L’agent secret [1907] de Conrad), l’aperçu ouvert par de tels meurtres sur le fantasme féminin et la place qu’y prend l’enfant : idéal ou cause plus matérielle du désir ?
Crime organisé : un acteur global
Authors: Roudaut Mickaël R.
Published: October 2016

Si les trafics ont toujours existé, ils ont développé une dimension transnationale dans le sillage de la mondialisation. Loin de représenter des réalités éthérées, les flux illicites exercent une influence réelle sur les relations internationales. Ils revêtent donc une portée géopolitique globale. À l’échelle locale, les acteurs de ces flux illicites, du grand criminel à la « petite frappe », incarnent, en remettant en cause la légitimité des États, un modèle alternatif de développement. In fine , le crime organisé, parfois seul employeur viable au sein de régions pauvres ou en déshérence, effectue un saut qualitatif dépassant une nature simplement parasitaire au profit d’une relation symbiotique avec le pouvoir.
L’Union européenne et le narco-système mondial
Authors: Estievenart Georges
Published: October 2016

Ce n’est qu’à la fin des années quatre-vingt que l’Union européenne est devenue un acteur international de la lutte contre la drogue. D’abord limitée à la coopération policière et douanière, son action s’est vue renforcée par les traités successifs (Maastricht, Amsterdam, Nice, et, tout récemment, Lisbonne). Toutefois, ses compétences en la matière restent soumises au régime des domaines régaliens et à la logique de la coopération intergouvernementale. Se pose alors la question de savoir si ces contraintes sont à la hauteur de l’évolution des trafics criminels transfrontaliers, dont le trafic de drogue est le plus nocif pour une Europe partiellement décloisonnée, mais brutalement confrontée à la mondialisation du crime.
La sécurité intérieure européenne, sa stratégie et son architecture : regard imagé sur une construction originale
Authors: Berthelet Pierre
Published: October 2016

La sécurité intérieure européenne est un sujet récent mais qui s’est développé ces dernières années de manière exponentielle, voire même fulgurante, à la vitesse d’une fusée pour ainsi dire. Parmi les projets novateurs figure le cycle de gestion politique de lutte contre la criminalité organisée (ou policy cycle ). Cet article traite, de manière imagée, d’un domaine en plein essor. Il présente d’abord un bref historique de la sécurité intérieure comme thème politique européen. Il dresse également le portrait de ce policy cycle en tant que projet d’avant-garde. Pour les États, l’idée est d’optimiser les efforts fournis par leurs services de sécurité à partir d’un constat commun sur les menaces. Pour l’Europe, il s’agit d’adopter une démarche structurée et efficace dans la lutte contre ces menaces, en organisant le travail des agences européennes spécialisées et en établissant des priorités politiques. Il s’agit aussi pour elle de mettre en place un mécanisme de suivi de l’action réalisée afin d’adapter celle-ci en fonction de l’évolution criminelle.
Considérations sur la « Bataille de Toulouse »
Authors: Guidère Mathieu
Published: October 2016

Les assassinats perpétrés et revendiqués par Mohamed Merah en mars 2012 ont connu un grand écho parmi la mouvance djihadiste. Al-Qaïda en a même fait le ReTex (retour d’expérience) en publiant un document intitulé « Leçons et trésors de la Bataille de Toulouse », qui a été largement diffusé sur internet dans les semaines qui ont suivi la mort de Merah. Cet article propose d’abord une traduction, à partir de l’arabe, des principaux passages de ce document instructif ; ensuite, une mise en perspective des éléments tactiques et stratégiques qu’il contient concernant le terrorisme solitaire en milieu urbain ; enfin, une analyse de la nouvelle dynamique islamiste et sécuritaire en France après « l’affaire Merah ».
Étude critique sur l’hypothèse de la circulation des normes en matière de lutte contre le terrorisme
Authors: Brochot Vanessa
Published: October 2016

L’étude des législations antiterroristes choisies permet de mettre en évidence l’hétérogénéité des situations dans les pays concernés. Même dans l’espace relativement cohérent de l’Europe occidentale, et ce, en dépit de l’influence du droit international voire du droit communautaire, il n’est pas question de terrorisme mais bien des terrorismes et donc des antiterrorismes. Les arsenaux juridiques divergent et contrairement au concept de « circulation des normes » prévalant chez nombre de juristes, l’étude tant de la prévention que de la répression mettra en valeur certes un mouvement sécuritaire dont le héraut est sans conteste les États-Unis mais surtout une inertie certaine des systèmes, sorte de réticence passive de l’autonomie des systèmes juridiques.
Quality Assurance for Reusable Learning Objects on a Peer-To-Peer Network
Authors: Singh Rajendra G. , Bernard Margaret A.
Published: October 2016

In this research, improving on the quality of Reusable Learning Objects (RLOs) on a Peer-To-Peer (P2P) network is considered. The RLO was first redesigned to have a fundamentally inherent pedagogical structure, which gave it an immediate foundational level of quality in terms of opportunities related to reusability. Applying the Learning Object Review Instrument 1.5 (LORI 1.5) demonstrated that some of the elements are inherent in this new RLO design, so there was no need to constantly have such features evaluated with LORI. A modified LORI was therefore developed in order to evaluate the remaining features of the RLO. The research identified these remaining elements to produce a Review Rubric for scoring the RLO’s quality. In addition, an algorithm is given which considers one or more subject-matter experts as part of a review process. Utilizing the subject-matter experts in a P2P network involved the creation of special nodes to ensure data integrity and post-availability of the review scores for RLOs. The research concludes that the redesigned RLOs along with the corresponding Review Rubric and scoring algorithm produces a system suitable for a P2P network, where for the first time, RLOs can be shared of assured quality to promote eLearning within P2P networks.
Biomonitoring with macroinvertebrate communities in Italy: What happened to our past and what is the future?
Authors: Bo Tiziano , Doretto Alberto , Laini Alex , Bona Francesca , Fenoglio Stefano
Published: October 2016

This paper reviews the history and development of biological water quality assessment using macroinvertebrates in Italy. Italy was one of the first European countries to officially adopt a biomonitoring system based on benthic invertebrates, the Indice Biotico Esteso (IBE). After the European Water Framework Directive (WFD) 2000/60/EC, this method was replaced by the “Standardisation of River Classifications_Intercalibration Common Metrics” (STAR_ICM) index, which met the new requirements. As this method has been employed for some years, it could be useful to take a provisional stock and to provide some suggestions to ameliorate the current biomonitoring approach, also trying to minimize the break with past practices and better harmonize the history of biomonitoring in Italy. One of the most evident difference between past and current approach is related to the amount of time and effort required in the application of the two methods. STAR_ICMi is a scientifically rigorous and modern method, but much more time-consuming and challenging in both field and laboratory efforts. This fact has various disturbing practical repercussions, i.e., the environmental agencies have generally reduced the number of sampling stations routinely monitored during the year. The aim of our work is to propose some operational changes that would help to simplify and expedite the monitoring process. In particular, regarding fieldwork, we focus on the time and effort required for macroinvertebrate collection, while for laboratory activity we suggest a reshaping of the requested taxonomic detail. Moreover, in this way the data provided by the new approach could be compared with the long time series available from the previous application of IBE.
A critique of ‘A re-evaluation of tense in isiZulu’
Authors: Posthumus Lionel
Published: October 2016

This article is a response to Groenewald’s 2014 article, ‘A re-evaluation of tense in isiZulu’. Sub-themes identified in Groenewald’s article and explored in this exposé in the light of an array of recently published research on the topic of tense are: the suitability of the distinction between absolute and relative tense and the use of the term ‘absolute tense’; the appropriateness of defining tense in terms of deixis; the remoteness distinctions in terms of past and future tenses generally distinguished in the Bantu languages with particular reference to isiZulu; the semantic significance of the use of the so-called short and long forms of the present and past tenses of isiZulu and the naming of the individual tenses.
Assessment of Dental Arch Changes and Buccal Bone Thickness in Patients treated with Self-ligating Brackets
Authors: Ibiapina Deolino J , Oltramari-Navarro Paula V , Navarro Ricardo L , Almeida Marcio R , Mendonça Daniela L , Conti Ana CCF
Published: October 2016

Aims

To evaluate changes in transverse dimensions of upper arch and thickness of the buccal bone plate in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment during the leveling phase.

Materials and methods

Sixteen patients aged between 11 and 30 years, presenting with class I and II malocclusion, with minimum of 2 mm crowding treated without extraction, were divided into two groups: GI (n = 8), self-ligating brackets (Easyclip Aditek), and GII (n = 8), conventional preadjusted brackets (3M Unitek). The intercanines, interpremolar, and intermolar widths were measured in dental casts using a digital caliper, before (T1) and after 6 months of treatment (T2). Measurements of the thickness of the bone plate were performed by using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans and Dolphin three-dimensional program. Paired and nonpaired t tests were applied to analyze the results in and between the groups for the changes in the transversal arch dimensions and buccal bone thickness.

Results

In all statistical tests, the significance level was set at 5%. A nonsignificant increase in transverse dimensions and a slight reduction on thickness of the buccal bone plate were observed in both groups.

Conclusion

The dimensional changes of transverse and thickness of the bone plate during the initial phase of treatment were similar, regardless of the bracket design.

Clinical significance

It should be noted that the bracket design does not influence the treatment course regarding transversal dimensions and buccal bone thickness.

How to cite this article

Ibiapina DJ, Oltramari-Navarro PV, Navarro RL, Almeida MR, Mendonça DL, Conti ACCF. Assessment of Dental Arch Changes and Buccal Bone Thickness in Patients treated with Self-ligating Brackets. J Contemp Dent Pract 2016;17(6):434-439.
Assessment of the Influence of Meal Type on Fluoride Absorption due to Ingestion of professionally Applied Gels
Authors: Cavalli Andreany M , Rebouças Adriana G , Zanin Luciane , Flório Flávia M
Published: October 2016

Aims

The aim of this study is to assess the influence of eating, prior to application of professionally used gels, on the rate of fluoride absorption due to the ingestion of 1.23% acidulated phosphate fluoride (APF).

Materials and methods

After fasting for 12 hours, 16 adult volunteers (> 65 kg) ingested two types of meal: Breakfast (n = 8) and Lunch (n = 8). Accidental ingestion of fluoride gel used in molding trays was simulated (12,300 ppm; 61.5 mg F; pH = 4.65) 15 minutes after eating. After ingestion of the fluoride solution, 3 mL of venous blood were collected at the following times: Zero (before ingestion) and 15, 30, 45 minutes, 1, 2, and 3 hours. Fluoride concentrations in blood plasma were determined using an ion selective electrode.

Results

With the exception of time 0 (p > 0.05), the average blood plasma concentration of the breakfast group (BG) (0.34 ± 0.04 mg/L) was higher than that of the lunch group (LG) (0.24 ± 0.03 mg/L), with the moment of peak concentration being 2 hours after ingestion for both groups (BG = 0.4 mg/L; LG = 0.28 mg/L).

Conclusion

Results reinforce the idea that eating before undergoing professional application of fluoride is a factor of extreme importance regarding its safety, and that the time following a patient's heaviest meal should be the time of choice for planning clinical care.

Clinical significance

Our results should be considered when planning collective action that involves the application of the gel on children in a school environment, thus ensuring the procedure's safety.

How to cite this article

Cavalli AM, Rebouças AG, Zanin L, Flório FM. Assessment of the Influence of Meal Type on Fluoride Absorption due to Ingestion of professionally Applied Gels. J Contemp Dent Pract 2016;17(6):451-456.
Functional Evaluation of the Behavior of Masticatory Muscles in Zygomaticomaxillary Complex Fracture: A Prospective Study
Authors: Panchanathan Srimathi , Saranathan Maya , Kamalakaran Arun Kumar , Duraisamy Karthikeyan
Published: October 2016

Aims

The purpose of this study is to functionally evaluate the behavior of the masticatory muscles (masseter and temporalis) following zygomaticomaxillary complex (ZMC) fractures by assessing bite force, electromyography (EMG), and mandibular movements.

Materials and methods

Group I consisted of 20 patients with unilateral ZMC fractures who were treated surgically with one-, two-, or three-point fixations at the frontozygomatic, infraorbital, or zygomaticomaxillary buttress region as per clinical and radiological assessments. Group II control group included 20 normal patients. The muscle activity was functionally evaluated before and after the surgery for a period of 6 months. The evaluation consisted of bite force measurement, EMG analysis of masseter and temporalis muscles, and measurements of mandibular movements.

Results

There was an increase in bite force and EMG activity throughout the evaluated postoperative period, but at the end of 6 months, the values were still below the control levels for majority of the patients. Maximum mouth opening increased considerably after the surgery.

Conclusion

According to bite force and EMG, the masticatory musculature returned to near normal levels by the 3rd month after the surgery.

Clinical significance

Management of fractures of the zygoma by open reduction and fixation raises the question of the location of fixation points owing to the action of masseter and temporalis on the ZMC. This study supports the current clinical concept of minimized fixation in treating ZMC fractures.

How to cite this article

Panchanathan S, Saranathan M, Kamalakaran AK, Duraisamy K. Functional Evaluation of the Behavior of Masticatory Muscles in Zygomaticomaxillary Complex Fracture: A Prospective Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2016;17(6):463-469.
Assessment of Patients Referred to Specialty Dental Hospitals for Dental Implant Procedure: A Retrospective Cohort Analysis
Authors: Thukral Rishi , Prasant MC , Punjabi Krunal M , Paliwal Aparna , Patel Kunal
Published: October 2016

Introduction

One of the most common and effective ways of replacing missing teeth is by dental implants. Both quality and quantity of bone along with the area of implant placement govern the prognosis of the implant procedure. Certain risk factors predispose the implant treatment to high failure rate. Hence, we assessed the implant patients who were referred from private practitioners to the specialty hospitals from 2010 to 2014.

Materials and methods

All the patients being referred from private clinics to the specialty dental hospital for the purpose of prosthetic rehabilitation by dental implants from June 2010 to July 2014 were included in the present study. Skilled oral and maxillofacial surgeons were appointed for performing the implant surgical procedures. Prosthetic rehabilitation was done after 6 to 8 weeks and after 10 to 14 weeks in implant cases without and with bone augmentation procedures respectively. Distribution of dental implants based on the indications, location, dimension of augmentation procedure, and complication of implants was analyzed and assessed for the level of significance.

Results

Of the patients, 712 were females, while the remaining were males. Most of the patients were in the age group of 50 to 59 years. As compared with completely edentulous patients, most of the patients required rehabilitation by a single implant. Maximum dental implants were placed in maxillary premolar region and mandibular first molar region. Over 1,000 cases in this study required rehabilitation by augmentation procedure.

Conclusion

Partially edentulous patients are most commonly referred to specialized dental hospitals for prosthetic rehabilitation by dental implants, mostly with the purpose of implant placement. Failure rate can be minimized by following strict patient selection protocols along with following a standard surgical criterion.

Clinical significance

Following standard surgical protocols and strict treatment planning, prognosis of the dental implant procedures can be improved to a greater extent, thereby increasing its clinical success rate.

How to cite this article

Thukral R, Kumar A, Prasant MC, Punjabi KM, Paliwal A, Patel K. Assessment of Patients Referred to Specialty Dental Hospitals for Dental Implant Procedure: A Retrospective Cohort Analysis. J Contemp Dent Pract 2016;17(6):470-475.
Evaluation of Spontaneous Bone Regeneration after Enucleation of Large Cysts of the Jaws using Radiographic Computed Software
Authors: Wagdargi Shivaraj S , Rai Kirthi Kumar , Arunkumar KV , Katkol Basavraj , Arakeri Gururaj
Published: October 2016

Introduction

Spontaneous regeneration of bone is commonly seen in the small surgical defects caused by enucleation of cysts. However, in case of large surgical defects caused by the enucleation, spontaneous regeneration of bone is a rare phenomenon and it depends on factors, such as age of the patient, intact periosteum, and proper stabilization.

Materials and methods

The study included 16 patients, who reported to the department of oral and maxillofacial surgery with the complaint of pain and swelling in the jaws diagnosed as cyst. The sample included equal numbers of male and female subjects aged between 15 and 40 years. Panoramic radiographs were taken pre- and postoperatively on day 2 of the enucleation.

The dimensions of the cyst were evaluated on the radiograph according to the proforma.

Subsequent radiographs were taken at regular intervals of 1.5, 3, and 6 months using standard parameters and were analyzed using MCID™ analysis software of imaging research.

Results

Mean reduction was seen in up to 39 and 60% in the cystic cavity size and increase in the mean density up to 59 and 90.2% at 3 and 6 months intervals respectively.

Conclusion

Spontaneous bone regeneration was seen even after primary closure of the large cystic defect without the need for placement of foreign substances or grafts and it also eliminated the complications resulting from placement of foreign substance. Further studies are required in a larger sample with longer follow-up durations to confirm the outcome of the present work for the benefit of patients.

Clinical significance

The present study depicted that spontaneous bone regeneration can occur with accepted results after simple enucleation of jaw cyst without the aid of any graft material. Hence, simple enucleation may be considered as a first line of treatment modality for cystic lesion of the jaws. This simplifies the surgical procedure, decreases the economic and biologic costs, and reduces the risk of postoperative complications. Follow-up is necessary along with patient's compliance for the success of treatment.

How to cite this article

Wagdargi SS, Rai KK, Arunkumar KV, Katkol B, Arakeri G. Evaluation of Spontaneous Bone Regeneration after Enucleation of Large Cysts of the Jaws using Radiographic Computed Software. J Contemp Dent Pract 2016;17(6):489-495.