bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Comprehensive Review on the Deleterious Effects of Heavy Metal Bioaccumulation on the Gills and Other Tissues of Freshwater Fishes
Authors: Choudhary Poonam , Sharma Priya , Kaur Satinder , Randhawa Jasjit , Borse Laxmikant
Published: July 2023

Heavy metals can be harmful to aquatic organisms when exposed for a short (acute) or long (chronic) period. They have made a tremendous contribution to human welfare, but they also have considerable negative impacts on organisms that are not their targets. Runoff and groundwater leaching from a range of hazardous metals have a significant risk of contaminating aquatic habitats that pass through industrial or agricultural areas, which could directly threaten freshwater life, especially delicate animals like fish. Fish are the most well-known model for determining the extent of aquatic pollution. Since fish play a significant part in the food chain, the investigation into how toxic metals affect fish might help determine whether or not metals have harmful impacts on human health. This review attempted to consolidate all available scientific findings on the accumulation and uptake of various heavy metals (As, Hg, Cd, Cu, Cr, and Pb) as well as the overall histopathological changes caused by long-term exposure to sublethal doses of these heavy metals on the gills and other tissues of the freshwater fishes. Keeping in mind the above facts, in this review, an effort has been made to elucidate the deleterious impact of metals on the gills of freshwater fishes.
Preparation and Quality Analysis of Wine from Different Blends of Carrot-Beetroot and Carrot-Orange
Authors: Nehra K.S. , Jangra Mukesh R. , Devi Rozi , a Aarti
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT: One of the most popular alcoholic beverages that offers several health benefits is wine. It includes both fruit and vegetable wine and sometimes their blends. These pure and coproducts of fruits and vegetables give surprising results when tried. Beetroot (Beta vulgaris L.) and carrot (Daucus carota L.) are high in betalain and carotene, both of which have medicinal and nutritional properties. Apart from beetroot and carrot, another important fruit is orange (Citrus sinensis). It is a notable fruit known for its nourishing and restorative attributes. The fruits and vegetables used in this study (beetroot, carrot, and orange) were cleaned, peeled, and crushed to extract the juice. The juice was then fermented by mixing with yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and other ingredients such as sugar. Once fermentation was complete, various methods are used for analysis of wine like residual sugar (RS), apparent fermentation degree (AFD), fermentative capacity (FC), fermentative velocity (VC), and attenuation, etc. The vegetable-fermented wine obtained was reddish to yellow in colour, had a titratable acidity of 1.0 ±0.02 g tartaric corrosive/100 mL, was dry (with just the right amount of piece sugar), and contained between 10 and 12% alcohol. There were no discernible variations in the wine's biological components. An organoleptic analysis of the vegetable natural product wine revealed that it was palatable and thought to be reasonable for health.
A Study on the Impact of Pharmaceutical Care on the Management of Diabetes Mellitus During Pregnancy
Authors: K Suhana , T. M Mahesh , J Sabitha
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT: The aim of the study was to assess the impact of pharmaceutical care on the management of diabetes mellitus during pregnancy.A prospective observational study was carried out for six months at a hospital in Palakkad. The study assesses pregnant women's medication adherence and health-related quality of life. Patients were randomly allocated to the study population, and data were entered in a self-design data collection form. The collected cases were entered in MS Excel 2019 and calculated percentage of various parameters by descriptive statistics.The study included a total of 60 participants, with an age range ranging from 18 to 45. GDM is more prevalent between the age group of 25-31 years. Among 60 subjects an increase in medication adherence observed with their value from5.72±1.03 to 6.40±0.89 during their initial and follow up visits (p<0.0001) respectively. The EQ-5D-5L mean (SD) index showed significantly lower quality of life during the baseline visit (0.529 ± 0.03) and higher quality of life during the follow-up visits (0.826 ± 0.297) with (p<0.0001), suggesting the importance of clinical pharmacist activities making positive impact on medication adherence and quality life of pregnant women with diabetes.
A Comparative Study on Efficacy of Norethisterone and Medroxyprogestrone in the Management of Dysfunctional Uterine Bleeding: A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Kader Mohammad Irfan Abdul , Karthikeyan V. , J Sabitha
Published: July 2023

Dysfunctional uterine bleeding (DUB) is defined as bleeding from the uterine corpus that is abnormal in regularity, volume, frequency, or duration and occurs in the absence of pregnancy. Methylprogesterone (MPA) and Norethisterone (NE) are a sort of female hormone (progestin).To cure dysfunctional uterine bleeding, this study sought to determine how MPA and NE worked. Materials and Procedures Over three months, a prospective observational study was conducted at a hospital in Palakkad. The usefulness of MPA and NE is analyzed by using the PBAC score method. Using Microsoft Excel 2007, the cases were entered, and descriptive statistical analysis was then performed. Results and Discussion There were 71 respondents in this study, with ages ranging from 18 to 35 and older. 32 of the 71 people received MPA, whereas 39 of them acquired NE. DUB was much more prevalent in women over 35 (NE-56.4% and MPA-75%). DUB is usually seen in overweight individuals (NE: 56.4%; MPA: 50.). The PBAC score dropped after both medications were administered. Norethisterone is more effective than either of the drugs, as per this study.
Pathogenesis, Updates on Current Treatment Options and Alvimopan for Postoperative Ileus
Authors: Patil Satish , Sharma Swapnil , Paliwal Sarvesh
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT: Postoperative Ileus (POI) is a recurrent incident following intestinal as well as other types of surgery that causes aggregation of gases and inner secretions in patients, resulting in significant costs to health care providers and morbidity. The pathophysiology of the POI is multifactorial, and treatment duration of the POI associated with the degree of surgical trauma. Exogenous opioids, neurohormonal dysfunction, fluid overload, inflammation, and gastrointestinal strain are the main pathophysiological factors underlying POI. Different treatment options currently available to reduce duration of POI. Recent studies have shown that the effective approaches in reducing patient morbidity with early return of gut functions are Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) pathway and laparoscopic surgery. Alvimopan (ALV) is a peripherally acting antagonist of the µ opioid receptor in postoperative ileus. Alvimopan (Entereg®), the FDA-approved product for the fastest recovery of bowel (large and small) resection with primary anastomosis, shows potential advances for the treatment of POI. It has limited bioavailability through the oral route due to solubility limitations. ALV prevents binding of opioid agonists to the μ-opioid receptor and assists in stopping constipation in the GI tract; it is also not able to cross the blood-brain barrier, so it does not obstruct with centrally mediated opioid analgesia. The safety & efficacy studies of Alvimopan showed that the patients who go through segmental bowel surgeries along with primary anastomosis and given ALV reduces the duration of stay and overall direct costs compared with control group. The objectives of this systematic review were to give an update of categorization systems, pathogenesis mechanisms, current treatment for established POI, and updates on Alvimopan for POI.
Biological Importance of Phytoconstitents Isolated from the Genus Randia & GC-MS Analysis of Petroleum-Ether Fruit Extract of Randia dumetorum
Authors: M Manisha , Sharma M. C.
Published: July 2023

Randia Genus (Indigo berry) belongs to family Rubiaceae, native to America, allocated in tropical regions. Most of the Species associated with this Genus used as ornamental, folk medicine to treat the disease of renal, malaria, cancer, dysentery, snake-bite etc. All plant parts are used by tribes for various ailment treatments. The phytochemicals generally associated with this genus are terpenoids, saponins, lignans, coumarin, iso-coumarin, flavonoids, tannins, essential oil and acid resin. This review highlights the phytochemicals and pharmacological activity reports. Phytochemical investigation of Randia dumetorum fruit extract using petroleum ether solvent, reveals the presence of 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol, octadecadienoic acid, 23(Phenylsulfanyl) lanosta-8,24-dien-3-ol, hexadecenoic acid, gamma-sitosterol, 4-tert-butylcalix[4]arene, tetracontane, tetratetracontane and octacosanol etc. Compound 1-Octacosanol (A), 9-Octadecenoic acid (B) and gamma-Sitosterol (C) were isolated with the help of column chromatographic techniques and characterized by spectral studies i.e. 1H NMR, 13C NMR, IR and mass spectroscopy.
Golfing after Orthopaedic Surgery: A longitudinal follow-up (GOLF) study protocol
Authors: Robinson Patrick G. , Creighton Andrew P. , Cheng Jennifer , Dines Joshua S. , Su Edwin P. , Gulotta Lawrence V. , Padgett Douglas , Demetracopoulos Constantine , Hawkes Roger , Prather Heidi , Press Joel M. , Clement Nick D.
Published: July 2023

Aims

The primary aim of this prospective, multicentre study is to describe the rates of returning to golf following hip, knee, ankle, and shoulder arthroplasty in an active golfing population. Secondary aims will include determining the timing of return to golf, changes in ability, handicap, and mobility, and assessing joint-specific and health-related outcomes following surgery.

Methods

This is a multicentre, prospective, longitudinal study between the Hospital for Special Surgery, (New York City, New York, USA) and Edinburgh Orthopaedics, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, (Edinburgh, UK). Both centres are high-volume arthroplasty centres, specializing in upper and lower limb arthroplasty. Patients undergoing hip, knee, ankle, or shoulder arthroplasty at either centre, and who report being golfers prior to arthroplasty, will be included. Patient-reported outcome measures will be obtained at six weeks, three months, six months, and 12 months. A two-year period of recruitment will be undertaken of arthroplasty patients at both sites.

Conclusion

The results of this prospective study will provide clinicians with accurate data to deliver to patients with regard to the likelihood of return to golf and timing of when they can expect to return to golf following their hip, knee, ankle, or shoulder arthroplasty, as well as their joint-specific functional outcomes. This will help patients to manage their postoperative expectations and plan their postoperative recovery pathway.

Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2023;4(7):490–495.
Validity Analysis of Network Big Data
Authors: Wang Peng , Lv Huaxia , Zheng Xiaojing , Ma Wenhui , Wang Weijin
Published: July 2023

False data in network big data has led to considerable ineffectiveness in perceiving the property of fact. Correct conclusions can be drawn only by accurately identifying and eliminating these false data. In other words, analysis is the premise to reaching a correct conclusion. This paper develops a big data network dissemination model based on the properties of the network. We also analyze the attributes of the big data random complex network based on the revised F-J model. Then, based on the scale-free nature of network big data, the evolution law of connected giant components and Bayesian inference, we propose an identification method of effective data in networks. Finally, after obtaining the real data, we analyze the dissemination and evolution characteristics of the network big data. The results show that if some online users intentionally spread false data on a large-scale website, the entire network data becomes false, despite a minimal probability of choosing these dissemination sources.
Improving Phishing Website Detection Using a Hybrid Two-level Framework for Feature Selection and XGBoost Tuning
Authors: Jovanovic Luka , Jovanovic Dijana , Antonijevic Milos , Nikolic Bosko , Bacanin Nebojsa , Zivkovic Miodrag , Strumberger Ivana
Published: July 2023

In the last few decades, the World Wide Web has become a necessity that offers numerous services to end users. The number of online transactions increases daily, as well as that of malicious actors. Machine learning plays a vital role in the majority of modern solutions. To further improve Web security, this paper proposes a hybrid approach based on the eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) machine learning model optimized by an improved version of the well-known metaheuristics algorithm. In this research, the improved firefly algorithm is employed in the two-tier framework, which was also developed as part of the research, to perform both the feature selection and adjustment of the XGBoost hyper-parameters. The performance of the introduced hybrid model is evaluated against three instances of well-known publicly available phishing website datasets. The performance of novel introduced algorithms is additionally compared against cutting-edge metaheuristics that are utilized in the same framework. The first two datasets were provided by Mendeley Data, while the third was acquired from the University of California, Irvine machine learning repository. Additionally, the best performing models have been subjected to SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) analysis to determine the impact of each feature on model decisions. The obtained results suggest that the proposed hybrid solution achieves a superior performance level in comparison to other approaches, and that it represents a perspective solution in the domain of web security.
Aggregation and Feeding Behavior of the Formosan Subterranean Termite (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae) on Wood Decayed by Three Species of Wood Rot Fungi
Authors: Cornelius Mary L.
Published: July 2023

Aggregation and feeding behavior of the Formosan subterranean termite, Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki, was evaluated on wood decayed by three species of fungus, the brown rot fungus, Gloeophyllum trabeum and two white rot fungi, Phanerochaete chrysosporium and Pycnoporus cinnibarinus. Although termites aggregated on decayed sawdust from all three species in at least some of the tests, sawdust decayed by P. chrysosporium elicited aggregation behavior by termites over the greatest range of incubation periods. In some tests, termites avoided sawdust decayed by G. trabeum. Termite feeding on blocks decayed for 90 d was significantly greater than on control blocks for all three species of fungi, despite the significantly lower decay rate of P. cinnibarinus. Increasing our understanding of the interaction of termites with wood rot fungi could lead to the identification of chemicals that attract termites to bait stations.
Carrying and Effect of Granulated Baits Formulated with Entomopathogenic Fungi among Atta sexdens rubropilosa Colonies (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)
Authors: Nagamoto Nilson S.
Published: July 2023

The present study aimed to evaluate the carrying and effect of (dry) granulated baits containing conidia of entomopathogenic fungi among colonies of the leaf-cutting ant Atta sexdens rubropilosa in the laboratory. This bait type was chosen to facilitate its eventual commercial use. Two applications were performed: in the first, baits with 1x108 conidia/g were utilized while in the second employed concentrations 5 to 8.6 times greater. The baits were formulated with a citric pulp base, with 2 isolates of Beauveria bassiana, 1 of Paecilomyces lilacinus and 1 of Isaria fumosorosea. The following controls were utilized: (I) baits with sulfluramid insecticide, (II) without active ingredient, and (III) Acalypha spp. leaf discs. It was verified that the baits containing fungal conidia were rapidly carried to the nest interior in both applications and were rejected minimally. Thus, the (dry) granulated bait formulation appears to be an adequate vehicle for entomopathogenic fungi. At the doses and concentrations utilized, the fungi provoked only limited worker mortality, not killing the colonies. Given the rapid carrying and low rejection, a higher conidial dose per colony can, perhaps, kill them. Thus, it is inferred that all the isolates tested present potential as an agent to control colonies of leaf-cutting ants.
Correlation of the Nest Density and the Number of Workers in Bait Traps for Fire Ants (Solenopsis invicta) in Southern China
Authors: Lu Yongyue , Wang Lei , Xu Yijuan , Zeng Ling , Li Ningdong
Published: July 2023

The relationship between Solenopsis invicta nest density and the number of fire ant workers in bait traps and percentages of traps capturing ants were investigated in the waste land of Wuchuan, Guangdong, South China. The results showed that fire ant nest density is positively correlated with the number of workers captured in traps, and could be described by N=60.53LnD +348.0D+421.1. The workers exceeded 200 and 300 in bait traps while the density of fire ant nests was over 0.023 and 0.084 ind./m2, respectively. The percentages of traps capturing ants were also positively correlated with fire ant nest density and fit by Pe=1/(1+e0.9694-309.85D). When the nest density was over 0.018 ind./m2, over 99% of traps captured fire ant workers. N=8.8796e0.0346Pe was the fitting line for worker amount and trap percentage. The workers per trap were about 50, 100, and 200 when the trap percentages were 50%, 70% and 90%, respectively.
Bee Visitors of Quaresmeira Flowers (Tibouchina granulosa Cogn.) in the Region of Dourados (MS-Brasil)
Authors: Brizola-Bonacina Anna Kátia
Published: July 2023

This research was developed in the center-urban area at the city of Dourados (MS), in Tibouchina granulosa trees, a plant popularly known as “quaresmeira” in Brazil. The floral visitors of this species were recorded in three daily periods: 7 - 8 a.m., 1 – 2 p.m. and 4 – 5 p. m. Bee visitors of those plants were collected with an entomological net when they landed on the flowers. The bees were anesthetized in a closed camera containing etila acetate, conserved in Dietrich´s fixative and, soon afterwards, transferred to 70% ethyl alcohol for subsequent identification. Almost 300 specimens of Africanized Apis mellifera, Trigona spinipes and Tetragonisca angustula were collected. The presence of these three species of bees in the flowers of T. granulosa suggests that they can be considered the main floral visitors of that vegetal species. T. angustula workers did not visit the flowers of T. granulosa between 7 and 8 a.m., but they were the main floral visitors from 4 to 5 p.m. The workers of T. spinipes presented a very aggressive behavior against the Africanized A. mellifera workers on the quaresmeira flowers, defending the food sources with strength and efficiency and provoking a drastic reduction in the number of honeybee visits between 1 and 2 p.m. Nevertheless, they did not interfere in the opportunistic activity of foraging by T. angustula workers, mainly between 4 and 5 p.m. The most important result of this research was the detection of the Competitive Exclusion Principle between A. mellifera and T. spinipes species in relation to the foraging behavior, when they exploit the floral resources of T. granulosa.
Fumigant Toxicity of Mentha arviensis Leaves Extracts on Coptotermes heimi, Heterotermes indicola and Their Gut fFlagellates
Authors: Qureshi Naveeda Akhtar
Published: July 2023

The extract of Mentha arviensis (mint) has been found to have considerable application against microbial diseases. The present study is designed to check the insecticidal properties of Mentha arviensis. Crude extract of the leaves of Mentha arviensis was obtained in benzene-ethanol (2:1) solvent using soxhelt apparatus and dried extract was applied (25mg, 50mg and 100 mg) against termite workers, soldiers and their gut flagellates of Coptotermes heimi and Heterotermes indicola. A significant increase in mortality of termite workers, soldiers and their gut flagellates was observed depending upon a lethal dose over time, in both termite species. It, however, took a relatively longer time period to achieve 100% mortality of flagellates than their respective hosts. The dose dependent death of flagellates over time also indicates the mortality of flagellates was found to be associated with fumes originated from the extract of the plants as in starvation, termites and their associated flagellates can survive for three to four days and also their was no mortality of workers and their flagellates, in control. Thus Mentha arviensis extract can be safely used to control termites and other pests.
Eggs of a Eusial Aphid’s Predator are Protected Against Attacks by Aphid Soldiers
Authors: Hattori Mitsuru , Itino Takao
Published: July 2023

Predators generally have traits that enable them to efficiently capture their prey and thus improve their survival. Natural selection should also favor traits of predators that improve the survival rate of their eggs, which are immobile and incapable of active resistance. We hypothesized that eggs of Atkinsonia ignipicta, a specialist predator of the eusocial aphid Ceratovacuna japonica, exhibit a defensive trait against aphid soldiers. We found that the hatchability of A. ignipicta eggs did not differ significantly between the experimental treatments with and without soldiers, which suggests that the eggs have a defensive trait that protects them from soldier aphids. Moreover, although the soldiers occasionally exhibited attack behavior when they encountered an egg, they did not continue the attack. We have observed a similar interruption of attack behavior by soldiers that attacked their aphid siblings by mistake, suggesting that the eggs may chemically mimic the soldiers' siblings. This study thus provides evidence for adaptation in a specialist predator of a eusocial aphid.
Seasonal Trends in Honeydew-Foraging Strategies in the Red Wood Ant, Formica yessensis (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)
Authors: Yao Izumi
Published: July 2023

The red wood ants Formica yessensis are known to support super colonies comprising thousands of nests, contain approximately 360 million workers, and over one million queens along the Ishikari coast, Hokkaido, northern Japan. Previous studies revealed the abundance of prey insects in Ishikari is very limited; suggesting that honeydew collected from aphids is a critical resource for F. yessensis. Furthermore, several reports suggested F. yessensis performs a generation change between late July and early August at the study site. The present study examined seasonal changes in F. yessensis honeydewforaging workers and specifically addressed the following: information transfer to aphid trees; fidelity to aphid trees; and changes in F. yessensis body size. Observation of marked ants revealed that information transfer to aphid trees occurred by direct guidance from older to younger foragers. Seasonal sampling indicated that honeydew-foraging ant body size decreased with progressive seasons. Large gaster coefficient of variation (CV) values showed two honeydew-foraging ant worker types were present in the super colony. The results revealed older foragers exhibited a large body size, which decreased in number towards autumn. Younger workers exhibited a smaller body size, and initiated honeydew foraging after emergence. Honeydew is a critical resource, therefore information transfer to aphid tree location, and honeydew-foraging were the first priority tasks observed in F. yessensis at the study site.
Continuation Study of the Response of Subterranean Termites (Coptotermes formosanus )to Organosilane Treated Wood Wafers (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae)
Authors: Johnson Todd E.
Published: July 2023

A standard laboratory termite test was conducted in May of 2012 using termites from a single colony of Coptotermes formosanus (Shiraki) gathered in South Central Mississippi. Testing was performed adhering to procedures outlined in the AWPA E1-09 Standard termite test. Wood wafers used in the test were treated with an organosilane compound that has been shown to cause color changes and erratic behavior in native termite species ( Johnson & others 2011). Significant results were obtained on the weight loss of treated wafers as well as termite mortality. Observations of worker termites exposed to treated wood wafers during testing did not reveal any abnormal termite activity, and no significant post mortem observations were made, as were made with Reticulitermes sp. It is hypothesized that the pathogenic response of the gut bacteria Serratia marcescens (Bizio) in Reticulitermes sp.to the organosilane compound was not observed in C. formosanus due to a higher resistance to immuno threats.
One Example of Healthcare Misinformation
Authors:   Phoenix Pulmonary and Critical Care Research and Education Foundation, Gilbert, AZ USA, Robbins Richard
Published: July 2023

No abstract available. Article truncated after 150 words. On June 21st NBC News aired an investigation into HCA Healthcare accusing HCA administration of pressuring doctors, nurses and family to have patients enter hospice care or be discharged (1). Patients entering hospice care can lower inpatient mortality rate and length of stay, increasing profits and bonuses for executives. It works this way — if a patient passes away in a hospital, that death adds to the facility’s inpatient mortality figures. But if that person dies after a transfer to hospice care — even if the patient stays at the same hospital in the same bed — the death doesn’t count toward the facility’s inpatient mortality rate because the patient was technically discharged from the hospital. A reduction in lengthy patient stays is a secondary benefit according to an internal HCA hospital document (1). Under end-of-life care, patients don’t typically live long, so the practice can allow HCA to replace patients that may be costing the facility money because their insurance has run out with those who generate fresh …
Damage threshold of LiF crystal irradiated by femtosecond hard XFEL pulse sequence
Authors: Makarov Sergey , Grigoryev Sergey , Inogamov Nail , Filippov Evgeny , Pikuz Tatiana , Ozaki Norimasa , Ishino Masahiko , Nishikino Masaharu , Dinh Thanh-Hung , Kawachi Tetsuya , Zanaveskin Maxim , Makita Mikako , Nakatsutsumi Motoaki , Preston Thomas R. , Appel Karen , Konopkova Zuzana , Cerantola Valerio , Brambrink Erik , Schwinkendorf Jan-Patrick , Mohacsi István , Vozda Vojtech , Hajkova Vera , Burian Tomas , Chalupsky Jaromir , Juha Libor , Zhakhovsky Vasily , Zastrau Ulf , Pikuz Sergey
Published: July 2023

Here we demonstrate the results of investigating the damage threshold of a LiF crystal after irradiating it with a sequence of coherent femtosecond pulses using the European X-ray Free Electron Laser (EuXFEL). The laser fluxes on the crystal surface varied in the range ∼ 0.015–13 kJ/cm2 per pulse when irradiated with a sequence of 1-100 pulses (tpulse ∼ 20 fs, Eph = 9 keV). Analysis of the surface of the irradiated crystal using different reading systems allowed the damage areas and the topology of the craters formed to be accurately determined. It was found that the ablation threshold decreases with increasing number of X-ray pulses, while the depth of the formed craters increases non-linearly and reaches several hundred nanometers. The obtained results have been compared with data already available in the literature for nano- and picosecond pulses from lasers in the soft X-ray/VUV and optical ranges. A failure model of lithium fluoride is developed and verified with simulation of material damage under single-pulse irradiation. The obtained damage threshold is in reasonably good agreement with the experimentally measured one.
Planar hot-electron photodetection with polarity-switchable photocurrents controlled by the working wavelength
Authors: Shao Weijia , Cui Weihao , Hu Junhui , Wang Yongmei , Tang Jian , Li Xiaofeng
Published: July 2023

Hot-electron photodetection is attracting increasing interests. Based on internal photoemission mechanism, hot-electron photodetectors (HE PDs) convert incident photon energy into measurable photocurrent. To obtain polarity-switchable photocurrent, one often applies electric bias to reverse the hot-electron flow. However, the employment of bias reduces the device flexibility and increasing the bias voltage degrades the detectivity of the device. Herein, we design a planar HE PD with the polarity-switchable photocurrent controlled by the working wavelength. Optical simulations show that the device exhibits two absorption peaks due to the resonances of two Tamm plasmons (TPs). Electrical calculations predict two corresponding TP-assisted responsivity peaks, but with opposite photocurrent polarities, which are determined by the hot-electron flows with opposite directions. We find that the hot-electron flows are closely related with the population differences of TP-induced hot electrons in two electrodes. We further demonstrate that the photocurrent polarity of the HE PD can be switched by altering working wavelength from one TP wavelength to the other. We believe that this approach paves a route to achieve flexible hot-electron photodetection for extensive applications.
Field test of quantum key distribution over aerial fiber based on simple and stable modulation
Authors: Tang Yan-Lin , Xie Zhi-Lin , Zhou Chun , Zhang Dexiang , Xu Mu-Lan , Sun Jian , Sun De , Xu Yong-Xiang , Wang Li-Wei , Ma Yan , Zhao Yu-Kang , Jiang Mu-Sheng , Wang Yang , Li Jian , Xue Kaiping , Yu Nenghai , Zhao Mei-Sheng , Li Dong-Dong , Bao Wan-Su , Tang Shi-Biao
Published: July 2023

We have developed a simple time-bin phase encoding quantum key distribution system, using the optical injection locking technique. This setup incorporates both the merits of simplicity and stability in encoding, and immunity to channel disturbance. We have demonstrated the field implementation of quantum key distribution over long-distance deployed aerial fiber automatically. During the 70-day field test, we achieved approximately a 1.0 kbps secure key rate with stable performance. Our work takes an important step toward widespread implementation of QKD systems in diverse and complex real-life scenarios.
La canción patriótica en la lucha por la independencia de Argelia
Authors: Hadj-Ali Mouhoub Souad
Published: July 2023

A lo largo de siglo y medio, las canciones y los cantos patrióticos han sido, al lado de otros recursos como la prensa, la propaganda radiofónica, los panfletos y carteles, el cine y el teatro, el deporte y la diplomacia argelina, un medio de movilización y de resistencia, así como de sensibilización de la opinión internacional por la causa argelina. En el presente trabajo presentamos una serie de materiales y reunimos un repertorio de canciones que han configurado el escenario musical de la lucha por la independencia de Argelia.
A self-adaptive deep learning-based model to predict cloud workload
Authors: Borna Keivan , Ghanbari Reza
Published: July 2023

Predicting cloud workload is a problematic issue for cloud providers. Recent research has led us to a significant improvement in workload prediction. Although self-adaptive systems have an imperative impact on lowering the number of cloud resources, those still have to be more accurate, detailed and accelerated. A new self-adaptive technique based on a deep learning model to optimize and decrease the use of cloud resources is proposed. It is also demonstrated how to prognosticate incoming workload and how to manage available resources. The PlanetLab dataset in this research is used. The obtained results have been compared to other relevant designs. According to these comparisons with the state-of-theart deep learning methods, our proposed model encompasses a better prediction efficiency and enhances productivity by 5%.
Primera comparación de los modelos de atribución de los nombres de pila en Santiago de Cuba y en Tlalnepantla de Baz, México (año de 1960)
Authors: López Franco Yolanda Guillermina , Rosales Novoa Sonia
Published: July 2023

Los antecedentes de esta investigación son proyectos desarrollados en socioantroponomástica sobre los nombres de pila en Tlalnepantla de Baz, México, y en Montpellier, Francia, durante el siglo XX, bajo una perspectiva comparada, así como un estudio sobre ese tipo de nombres en Santiago de Cuba, que va de 1960 a 1985. En este trabajo se estudian las muestras de actas de nacimiento del registro civil de 1960, parte de ambos corpus de Tlalnepantla y Santiago, colectadas en condiciones similares, con lo que se obtiene un panorama de la atribución nominal en cada ciudad. El marco teórico del estudio incluye los textos clásicos en onomástica; las teorías pragmasemánticas del nombre propio y del antropónimo, y los desarrollos actuales de la socioantroponomástica. La metodología es tanto cuantitativa como cualitativa (comparación de cada nombre con la fecha de nacimiento del portador, con el santoral católico y con los nombres de padres y abuelos). Se compara asimismo la influencia de los modelos atributivos tradicional y de la moda, en ambas ciudades. Las principales tendencias encontradas son: a) la permanencia del modelo tradicional en Tlalnepantla de Baz (especialmente la selección a partir del calendario católico), y b) un movimiento inicial hacia la neología, así como la presencia de algunos nombres prestigiosos, en Santiago de Cuba. Estos rasgos resultan de factores socioantroponímicos, que operan en 1960, que muestran la riqueza de prácticas tanto convergentes como divergentes, así como la necesidad de estudiar desde la socionomástica las variantes cubana y mexicana del español.
Rendimiento y distribución de clases de madera aserrada de pinos del norte de México
Authors: Rascón-Solano Joel , Aguirre-Calderón Oscar Alberto , Alanís-Rodríguez Eduardo , Jiménez-Pérez Javier , Treviño-Garza Eduardo Javier , Nájera-Luna Juan Abel
Published: July 2023

En esta investigación se planteó determinar el rendimiento de madera aserrada y la distribución de clases de pino en función de la especie, dimensión y calidad de la troza. Se analizaron 101 trozas de pino clasificadas con la NMX-C-359-1988, tomando datos de especie, clase, diámetro, conicidad y longitud. Se contabilizaron los productos obtenidos y se clasificaron con la NMX-C-224-ONNCCE-2001, en aras de determinar el rendimiento volumétrico por troza. Se realizaron pruebas de homogeneidad de varianzas, ANOVA, de Shapiro-Wilk y de correlación de Pearson con una significancia ≤ 0.05. Se encontró que, cuanto mayor sea el diámetro de la troza y menor la conicidad, el rendimiento por clases de madera aserrada incrementa. La calidad de la troza presenta un efecto altamente significativo en la calidad de la madera aserrada. Las variables mencionadas son buenos predictores para estimar el rendimiento volumétrico y la proporción de clases de madera aserrada de pino.
Incidental finding of rare hemoglobin: hemoglobin Bari in northeast Spain
Authors: Lahoz Alonso Raquel , Romero Sánchez Naiara , González Sánchez Ruth , Escobar Medina Antonia , López Martos Aurora M. , Domínguez García Marta , Beneitez Pastor David , Prieto Grueso Montserrat , Blanco Álvarez Adoración , Urban Giralt Susana , Esteve Alcalde Patricia
Published: July 2023

Objectives

Cation exchange high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is one of the techniques available for determining glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and also the method of choice for structural hemoglobinopathies screening. The objective of this case is to show how in a routine HbA1c test it is possible to incidentally find a hemoglobinopathy.

Case presentation

In a routine blood analysis, an abnormal value for the hemoglobin A2 (HbA2) was obtained during the study of HbA1c with HPLC on the ADAMS™ A1c HA-8180T. After suspecting it could be due to the presence of a hemoglobinopathy, the study of possible variants was expanded using electrophoresis and HPLC on the Hydrasys and Variant II analysers, respectively. Since it could not be identified by these conventional methods, a genetic study was also carried out using Sanger sequencing. The patient presented a low HbA2 (1.3 %) and a 24.9 % variant with a retention time of 1.95 min, compatible with alpha-globin chain variant. In the genetic study, the pathogenic variant c.138C>G was detected in the HbA

2
 gene in heterozygosis, which resulted in the expression of the structural hemoglobinopathy known as hemoglobin Bari.

Conclusions

The initial screening for structural hemoglobinopathies allows its identification or suspicion especially when it was performed with HbA1c analysis, requiring subsequent confirmation and diagnosis by other techniques.
Recommendations for the study of monoclonal gammopathies in the clinical laboratory. A consensus of the Spanish Society of Laboratory Medicine and the Spanish Society of Hematology and Hemotherapy. Part II: Methodological and clinical recommendations for the diagnosis and follow-up of monoclonal gammopathies
Authors: Cárdenas María C. , García-Sanz Ramón , Puig Noemí , Pérez-Surribas David , Flores-Montero Juan , Ortiz-Espejo María , De la Rubia Javier , Cruz-Iglesias Elena
Published: July 2023

Monoclonal gammopathies (MG) are a group of clinical entities characterized by the clonal expansion of monoclonal immunoglobulin (M-protein) secreting plasma cells (PC). This document presents the consensus recommendations of the Spanish Society of Laboratory Medicine (SEQCML) and the Spanish Society of Hematology and Hemotherapy (SEHH) for the study of MG. The recommendations were established based on scientific evidence and the opinion of experts in MG from the clinical laboratory and clinical hematology fields. Recommendations are proposed for the diagnosis of MG and for patient follow-up according to the type of MG and whether or not the patient is undergoing treatment, and to monitor the disease stability, response to therapy and disease progression. With respect to the diagnosis, we describe the most recent criteria and classification established by the International Myeloma Working Group (IMWG) for multiple myeloma (MM), smoldering MM, monoclonal gammopathy of undermined significance (MGUS) and other related entities. Indications are given about the analytical requirements and application of the different serum and urine laboratory tests (study, detection, identification and measurement of M-protein) and the bone marrow study. Recommendations on the clinical laboratory results report model are established to harmonize and ensure that all relevant information is available, including its content, expression, and interpretive comments.
Albumin determined by bromocresol green leads to erroneous results in routine evaluation of patients with chronic kidney disease
Authors: van Schrojenstein Lantman Marith , van de Logt Anne-Els , Prudon-Rosmulder Elma , Langelaan Marloes , Demir Ayşe Y. , Kurstjens Steef , van der Horst Armando , Kuypers Aldy , Greuter Aram , Kootstra-Ros Jenny , van der Hagen Eline , Oostendorp Marlies , de Beer Roseri , Ramakers Christian , Bakkeren Dirk , Lindeboom Fokke , van de Wijngaart Dennis , Thelen Marc , Wetzels Jack , van Berkel Miranda
Published: July 2023

Objectives

Measurement of plasma albumin is pivotal for clinical decision-making in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Routinely used methods as bromocresol green (BCG) and bromocresol purple (BCP) can suffer from aselectivity, but the impact of aselectivity on the accuracy of plasma albumin results of CKD-patients is still unknown. Therefore, we evaluated the performance of BCG-, BCP- and JCTLM-endorsed immunological methods in patients with various stages of CKD.

Methods

We evaluated the performance of commonly used albumin methods in patients with CKD stages G1 through G5, the latter divided in two groups based on whether they received hemodialysis treatment. In total, 163 patient plasma samples were measured at 14 laboratories, on six different BCG and BCP-platforms, and four different immunological platforms. The results were compared with an ERM-DA-470k-corrected nephelometric assay. The implications on outcome is evaluated by the proportion of patient results <38 g/L for the diagnosis of protein energy wasting.

Results

Albumin results determined with BCP- and immunological methods showed the best agreement with the target value (92.7 and 86.2 %, respectively vs. 66.7 % for BCG, namely due to overestimation). The relative agreement of each method with the target value was platform-dependent, with larger variability in agreement between platforms noted for BCG and immunological methods (3.2–4.6 and 2.6–5.3 %) as opposed to BCP (0.7–1.5 %). The stage of CKD had similar effects on the variability in agreement for the three method-groups (0.6–1.8 % vs. 0.7–1.5 % vs. 0.4–1.6 %). The differences between methods cause discrepancies in clinical decision-making, as structurally fewer patients were diagnosed with protein energy wasting upon using BCG-based albumin results.

Conclusions

Our study shows that BCP is fit for the intended use to measure plasma albumin levels in CKD patients from all stages, including patients on hemodialysis. In contrast, most BCG-based platforms falsely overestimate the plasma albumin concentration.
On multidimensional Schur rings of finite groups
Authors: Chen Gang , Ren Qing , Ponomarenko Ilia
Published: July 2023

For any finite group 𝐺 and a positive integer 𝑚, we define and study a Schur ring over the direct power

G
m

G^{m}

, which gives an algebraic interpretation of the partition of

G
m

G^{m}

obtained by the 𝑚-dimensional Weisfeiler–Leman algorithm.
It is proved that this ring determines the group 𝐺 up to isomorphism if

m
≥
3

m\geq 3

, and approaches the Schur ring associated with the group

Aut
⁡

(
G
)

\operatorname{Aut}(G)

acting on

G
m

G^{m}

naturally if 𝑚 increases.
It turns out that the problem of finding this limit ring is polynomial-time equivalent to the group isomorphism problem.
Effect of shallow doping on performance parameters of single heterojunction solar cell
Authors: Debnath Pampa , Chakrabarti Subhadeep , Dhar Adriza , Saha Sajib Kumar , Basak Arighna , Deyasi Arpan
Published: July 2023

Fill factor and conversion efficiency of single heterojunction solar cell is analytically computed based on the shallow doping at GaAs quantum well region. Poisson’s equation is solved with suitable boundary condition applied at hetero-interface for both dark and illuminated conditions, corresponding to which open-circuit voltage and short-circuit current are computed. Realistic dependence of minority carrier distribution on material layers and diffusion widths are taken into account for simulation purpose. Result exhibits that variation of acceptor density leads to better outcome in terms of both efficiency and fill factor, which is also critically depends on length of quantum well region. Doping of AlGaAs barrier layer has negligible influence on fill factor and conversion efficiency. Optimized dimension of quantum well layer width is the critical parameter for design of efficient solar cell, as revealed from the analysis.
Non-linear companding scheme for PAPR reduction in OFDM systems
Authors: Goel Ashish
Published: July 2023

High peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) is one of the critical drawbacks of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM). Companding is an efficient scheme to limit the PAPR. Companding operation distorts the shape of OFDM signal, therefore reducing the PAPR with slight degradation in BER performance of OFDM signal. This paper proposes a non-linear companding transform, which transforms the ‘αth’ power of OFDM signal magnitude into a trigonal distribution. In the proposed scheme, design parameter ‘α’ is used to realize a better trade-off between PAPR and BER performance. Proposed scheme provides improved spectral efficiency and BER performance with a reduction in PAPR. We have also calculated the optimal value of design parameter ‘α’ to achieve the optimal BER.
Low Ang-(1–7) and high des-Arg9 bradykinin serum levels are correlated with cardiovascular risk factors in patients with COVID-19
Authors: Rostamzadeh Farzaneh , Najafipour Hamid , Nakhaei Samira , Yazdani Rostam , Langari Ahmad Alinaghi
Published: July 2023

It is predictable that the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone and kinin–kallikrein systems are dysregulated in COVID-19 (COV) patients because SARS-CoV-2 requires ACE2 to cause an infection. This study aimed to assess the serum levels of des-arg(9)-bradykinin (DABK) and angiotensin 1–7 (ang-(1–7)) in patients with COV who had the above-mentioned cardiovascular disease risk factors. In a cross-sectional study, 69 COV patients were selected among patients referred to the main referral center for these patients, in Kerman, Iran, and 73 matched control (non-COV) individuals among individuals who participated in the KERCARD cohort study. Serum levels of DABK and ang-(1–7) were measured by ELISA in the groups of CTL (healthy), HTN, DM, OB, COV, COV + HTN, COV + DM, and COV + OB. Ang-(1–7) levels were lower in the COV + HTN group compared to the HTN group. DABK levels were higher in the COV, HTN, and OB groups and in DM + COV subjects compared to their corresponding control group. The levels of ang-(1–7) and DABK were related to HTN and OB, respectively. According to the findings, we can infer that an increase in DABK production in those with the cardiovascular disease risk factors of diabetes, obesity, and hypertension or a decrease in ang-(1–7) in those with hypertension may contribute to the adverse outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
A new manufacturing process for allogeneic bone plates based on high hydrostatic pressure–treated granules for jaw augmentation
Authors: Graw Constantin Leon , Waletzko-Hellwig Janine , Sass Jan-Oliver , Jackszis Mario , Frerich Bernhard , Bader Rainer , Dau Michael
Published: July 2023

Currently used methods for processing allogeneic bone grafts like gamma irradiation are connected with downside of altering the mechanical properties of the graft. As an alternative, high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) leads to an effective devitalization of cells without influencing the bone matrix and its mechanical behavior. To address the clinical application, bone plates were prepared out of HHP-treated bone granules, which are conceivable for augmentations in the jaw region. In order to achieve sufficient mechanical strength, two different adhesives were tested. Mechanical characterization by three-point bending tests was performed. Furthermore, analysis regarding cytotoxicity as well as colonization experiments with mesenchymal stem cells were performed to investigate osteoconductive properties of the bone plates. While plates composed of fibrin glue showed better biocompatibility, plates prepared with Loctite® 408 showed better mechanical properties and could be incorporated in a model application. Regardless of the adhesive, bone plates induced osteogenic differentiation compared to cells cultured without bone plates. Although an adhesive combining both properties would be necessary for later clinical application, the study at hand demonstrates the possibility of producing allogeneic bone plates from HHP-treated granules, which meet the basic requirements for jaw augmentation.
Waste newspaper activation using sodium salts: a new perspective
Authors: Hao Yeo Shi , Othman Norasikin , Ahmad Zaini Muhammad Abbas
Published: July 2023

Waste newspaper causes contamination to the environment. Conversion of waste newspaper into activated carbon is a potential strategy due to its high carbon content. This paper aims to summarize recent advances in the production of activated carbons from waste newspaper and their applications in adsorption and wastewater treatment. The physicochemical properties from the use of different chemical activators with special emphasize on sodium salts to facilitate the adsorption of water pollutants were compared. The high BET surface and cost effectiveness allow the waste newspaper-based activated carbon as an economical alternative to be mass-produced for wastewater treatment.