bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Advancements in biotransformation pathway prediction: enhancements, datasets, and novel functionalities in enviPath
Authors: Hafner Jasmin , Lorsbach Tim , Schmidt Sebastian , Brydon Liam , Dost Katharina , Zhang Kunyang , Fenner Kathrin , Wicker Jörg
Published: August 2024

enviPath is a widely used database and prediction system for microbial biotransformation pathways of primarily xenobiotic compounds. Data and prediction system are freely available both via a web interface and a public REST API. Since its initial release in 2016, we extended the data available in enviPath and improved the performance of the prediction system and usability of the overall system. We now provide three diverse data sets, covering microbial biotransformation in different environments and under different experimental conditions. This also enabled developing a pathway prediction model that is applicable to a more diverse set of chemicals. In the prediction engine, we implemented a new evaluation tailored towards pathway prediction, which returns a more honest and holistic view on the performance. We also implemented a novel applicability domain algorithm, which allows the user to estimate how well the model will perform on their data. Finally, we improved the implementation to speed up the overall system and provide new functionality via a plugin system.

Scientific contribution

The main scientific contributions are the development of a pathway prediction model applicable to diverse chemicals, a specialized evaluation method for holistic performance assessment, and a novel applicability domain algorithm for user-specific performance estimation. The introduction of two new data sets, and the creation of links to EC classes make enviPath a unique resource in microbial biotransformation research.
Factors associated with radiographic progression and neurologic decline in patients with isolated traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage
Authors: Ravipati Kaushik , Khan Inamullah , Chen Wesley , Nunna Ravi , Voshage Aaron , Karuparti Sasidhar , Ziu Ismail , Ortiz Michael
Published: August 2024

Background

Complicated mild traumatic brain injury (cmTBI) is a common neurosurgical disorder that consumes a significant amount of healthcare resources without a clearly established benefit. Best practices for the management of cmTBI regarding triage, hospital admission, and the necessity for repeat imaging are controversial. Our objective is to describe the rate of radiographic progression and neurologic decline for isolated traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage (itSAH) patients admitted to the hospital. We hypothesized that only a minority of itSAH patients suffer radiographic progression and that radiographic progression is not necessarily associated with neurologic decline.

Methods

Database queries and direct patient chart reviews were used to gather patient data. T-tests and Fisher’s exact tests were performed.

Results

A total of 340 patients with cmTBI associated with itSAH were included for analysis. The radiographic progression rate was 5.6%. There was no statistically significant association between age, gender, GCS at presentation, anticoagulation status, and risk of radiographic progression. However, subgroup analysis on anticoagulated patients did show those on warfarin had a statistically significant risk of radiographic progression (p = 0.003). No patient developed neurologic decline, irrespective of whether they developed radiographic progression.

Conclusion

Secondary triaging, hospital admission, ICU stay, and repeat HCT might not be necessary for awake, GCS 13–15 patients with itSAH without any other significant injuries. In the case of anticoagulant use, but not necessarily antiplatelet use, the medication should be reversed, and admission should be considered.
Association between statin intensity and femoropopliteal stent primary patency in peripheral arterial disease
Authors: Seyferth Elisabeth R. , Song Helen , Vance Ansar Z. , Clark Timothy W. I.
Published: August 2024

Background

Statins are widely used in coronary and peripheral arterial disease, but their impact on patency of stents placed for peripheral arterial disease is not well-studied. The purpose of this study was to evaluate femoropopliteal stent primary patency according to statin intensity at the time of stent placement and compare this effect to other covariates that may influence stent patency.

Materials and methods

A retrospective review identified 278 discrete femoropopliteal stent constructs placed in 216 patients over a 10-year period; Rutherford categories were 2 (3.6%), 3 (12.9%), 4 (21.2%), 5 (49.6%), and 6 (12.6%). Stent locations were common femoral (1.8%), common femoral/superficial femoral (0.7%), superficial femoral (50.7%), superficial femoral/popliteal (32.7%) and popliteal (14.0%) arteries; 63.3% of stents were paclitaxel-eluting. Primary patency of each stent construct was determined with duplex ultrasound, angiography, or computed tomographic angiography. Greater than 50% restenosis or stent occlusion was considered loss of patency. Cox proportional hazard and Kaplan–Meier modeling were used to assess the effect of statin use and additional covariates on stent patency.

Results

Patients on any statin at the time of stent placement were half as likely to undergo loss of primary unassisted patency as patients on no statin therapy (hazard ratio, 0.53; 95% confidence interval, 0.19–0.87; P = .004). Moderate/high intensity statin therapy conferred 17 additional months of median stent patency compared to the no statin group. Antiplatelet therapy, anticoagulant therapy, drug-eluting stents (versus bare metal or covered stents), and Rutherford class were not predictive of stent patency (P = 0.52, 0.85, 0.58, and 0.82, respectively).

Conclusion

Use of statin therapy at the time of femoropopliteal stent placement was the most predictive examined variable influencing primary unassisted patency.
Efficient post-quantum secure deterministic wallet scheme
Authors: Hu Mingxing , Liu Zhen , Zhou Yunhong
Published: August 2024

Since the advent of Bitcoin, cryptocurrencies have gained substantial popularity, and crypto wallets have evolved into the predominant tool for safeguarding and managing cryptographic keys to access cryptocurrency funds. Deterministic wallets are proposed as an advanced wallet mechanism to provide benefits such as low-maintenance, easy backup and recovery, and support for functionalities required by cryptocurrencies. Alkeilani Alkadri et al. (ACM CCS’20) presented the first post-quantum secure deterministic wallet scheme, but it exhibits a gap to bridge before achieving practical applicability, as reflected in both their concrete parameters size and computational efficiency. In this paper, we propose an efficient post-quantum secure deterministic wallet scheme. In particular, we present a new construction method for deterministic wallets, prove the security in the quantum random oracle model, and provide an efficient instantiation. The comparison result, with the work of Alkeilani Alkadri et al. (ACM CCS’20), shows our work has a comprehensive improvement on efficiency, e.g., the pk size is $$\approx 40.7$$

≈
40.7

times shorter, sk is $$\approx 9.2$$

≈
9.2

times shorter, and the signing time is $$\approx 3.1$$

≈
3.1

times faster.
Is there an increased revision rate due to early tibial component loosening with a modern total knee arthroplasty design? A retrospective analysis from a large volume arthroplasty centre
Authors: van Duren Bernard H. , France Jonathan , Berber Reshid , Matar Hosam E. , James Peter J. , Bloch Benjamin V.
Published: August 2024

Background

The Attune TKR was introduced in 2011 as a successor to its predicate design The PFC Sigma. However, following reports of early failures, there are ongoing concerns related to increased loosening rates. Given the concerns, this study aimed to compare revision rates of the Attune implant to an established predicate, and other implant designs used in a high-volume arthroplasty center.

Methods

We identified 10,202 patients who underwent primary cemented TKR at our institution with a minimum of 1 year follow-up, involving 2406 Attune TKR (557 S +), 4642 PFC TKR, 3154 other designs. Primary outcomes were revision for all-causes, aseptic loosening of any component, and aseptic tibial loosening. Kaplan–Meier survival and Cox regression models were used to compare groups. Matched cohorts were selected for radiographic analysis.

Results

308 knees were revised. The Attune cohort had the lowest risk of revision, with a rate of 2.98 per 1000 implant-years while the PFC and All Other Implant groups had a rate of 3.15 and 4.4 respectively. Aseptic loosing was the most common cause for revision, with 76% (65/88) involving the tibia. Survival analysis showed no significant differences between the Attune and other cohorts. Radiolucent lines were detected in 7.1% of the Attune S + group, 6.8% of the standard Attune group, and 6.3% of the PFC group, with no significant differences found between them.

Conclusion

This study represents the largest non-registry review of the Attune TKR in comparison to a predicate and other designs. There was no significant increased revision rate for all-cause revision or aseptic loosening, or peri-implant radiolucencies. It appears that increased loosening may not be as concerning as originally thought.

Level of Evidence

Level III.
Attitude and help-seeking behavior towards suicide among medical students in Jammu and Kashmir
Authors: Raj Rajnish , Wani Zaid Ahmad , Nazir Deeba , Haq Inaamul , Rehman Andleeba , Jasrotia Tanmay , Kumar Kulbushan , Meer Rameez Ahmad , Bhat Maajid Shafi
Published: August 2024

Introduction

The ongoing training process and medical curriculum of the medical profession are crucial for equipping them with necessary knowledge and skills, but it can also be challenging to balance the demands of a busy learning schedule, making this period stressful. This study has been aimed to determining the attitude towards suicide and their help-seeking behavior among medical undergraduates in the union territory of Jammu and Kashmir (J&K).

Methodology

Across medical colleges of the J&K region, an online survey was conducted among 275 medical undergraduates using Attitude Towards Suicide Scale-20 and General Help-Seeking Behavior Questionnaire. An independent sample t-test and one-way ANOVA were carried out for statistical analysis in SPSS 25.0.

Result

The mean age of the participants was 22.05 years, including 116 male and 159 female students. Psychiatry posting was attended by 31.3% (N = 86) students. Students showed greater acceptability over suicide is preventable, and it is a cry for help. For personal and emotional problems, subjects preferred seeking help from informal sources, while for suicidal ideations, they exhibited inclination towards formal sources.

Conclusion

Findings of the result should be utilized in preventing negative mental health consequences and in planning assistance to them. Medical students within the institution should receive counselling services from the psychiatry department in a non-stigmatizing manner.
A chalcone derivative SBD-2 exerts anticancer effects in human colorectal cancer cells
Authors: Zheng Bowen , Lin Wanjun , Zhang Na , Huang Xiaoming , Du Jingjing , Shen Yunfu , Chen Junhe , Lin Qianyu , Yang Zhuya , Ma Wenzhe
Published: August 2024

Background

In this study, the potential anticancer activity and mechanism of action of SBD-2, a chalcone isolated from Shuteria involucrata, was investigated in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells.

Results

SBD-2 inhibited the proliferation of Caco-2 cells in a dose-dependent manner. It elicited the cells arrested in the G2/M phase and induced apoptosis. Mechanistically, SBD-2 inhibited Akt phosphorylation, which suppressed the ani-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 and cell cycle regulator Cyclin B1, leading to apoptosis ad cycle arrest, respectively.

Conclusions

The presented chalcone compound SBD-2 from Shuteria involucrata induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest through inhibiting Akt pathway, highlighting the possibility to develop as a new agent for CRC treatment.
Characteristics of middle-deep reservoirs and the genesis of pore development in the southern slope of the Nanpu sag in the Bohai Bay Basin, China
Authors: Zhao Xiaodong , Ji Xuebing , Chen Xiaoxuan , Zhang Wenhui , Zhang Yaxuan
Published: August 2024

To clarify the distribution of favorable reservoirs in the middle and deep layers of the southern slope of the Nanpu sag and identify relatively high-quality reservoir sections, the characteristics of the reservoirs in the middle and deep layers of the southern slope of the Nanpu sag were studied by means of core analysis, thin section casting, scanning electron microscopy, and analytical tests. Research shows that the middle and deep reservoirs on the southern slope of the Nanpu sag are mainly lithic feldspathic sandstone and that the debris is mainly magmatic rock. The diagenesis processes are mainly compaction, cementation, and dissolution. The deformation of plastic particles, brittle microcracks on the surface of rigid clastic particles, calcareous cementation, quartz overgrowth, and feldspar dissolution are common. The pores are co-developed by primary pores and secondary pores, in which the primary pores are more common in the third member of the Dongying Formation and the first member of the Shahejie Formation, whereas the secondary pores are more common in the first member of the Shahejie Formation. The genesis of pore development is discussed. It is considered that the anticompaction components, chlorite film, and hydrocarbon filling play major roles in the formation of primary pores, whereas atmospheric water leaching, diagenetic evolution, thermal evolution of organic matter, and clay mineral transformation play major roles in the formation of secondary pores.
Sleep quality and the cortisol and alpha-amylase awakening responses in adolescents with depressive disorders
Authors: Krempel Rebekka , Jarvers Irina , Ecker Angelika , Schleicher Daniel , Brunner Romuald , Kandsperger Stephanie
Published: August 2024

Background

Depressive disorders in adolescents affect all aspects of life and impose a very large burden of disease. Sleep is frequently affected by depression and is crucial for facing challenges during development. One of the postulated reasons for depression-induced sleep disruption is dysregulation of the physiological stress system.

Aims

To investigate the links of adolescent depressive disorders with subjective sleep quality, objective sleep quality, and the course of cortisol and alpha-amylase after awakening.

Method

We compared subjective sleep quality (via daily questionnaires) and objective sleep quality (via actigraphy measurement) of 35 adolescents with depressive disorders and 29 healthy controls over 7 consecutive days. In addition, saliva samples were collected on 3 days to examine cortisol and alpha-amylase patterns after awakening.

Results

No significant differences in cortisol or alpha-amylase awakening responses were observed between participants with depressive disorders and healthy controls. We found severe reductions in subjective sleep quality in the depression group (Z = −5.19, P < 0.001, d = 1.80) and a prolonged actigraphy-measured sleep onset latency (Z = −2.42, P = 0.015, d = 0.64) compared with controls. Reductions in subjective sleep quality were partially correlated with objective sleep measures (sleep onset latency: r = −0.270, P = 0.004, sleep efficiency: r = 0.215, P = 0.017).

Conclusions

Sleep onset latency seems to aggravate depressive symptoms and to have an important role in perception of sleep quality. Adolescents with depressive disorders should be supported regarding the establishment of good sleep hygiene and avoiding activities that may impede falling asleep.
Structural Racism and Treatment Delay Among Black and White Patients With Breast Cancer
Authors: Reeder-Hayes Katherine E. , Jackson Bradford E. , Kuo Tzy-Mey , Baggett Chris D. , Yanguela Juan , LeBlanc Matthew R. , Roberson Mya L. , Wheeler Stephanie B.
Published: August 2024

PURPOSE

Structural racism (SR) is a potential driver of health disparities, but research quantifying its impacts on cancer outcomes has been limited. We aimed to develop a multidimensional county-level SR measure and to examine the association of SR with breast cancer (BC) treatment delays among Black and White patients.

METHODS

The cohort included 32,095 individuals from the North Carolina Central Cancer Registry with stage I to III BC diagnosed between 2004 and 2017 and linked to multipayer insurance claims from the Cancer Information and Population Health Resource. County-level data were drawn from multiple public sources aggregated in the Robert Wood Johnson County Health Rankings database. Racial gaps in eight social determinants across five domains were quantified at the county level and ranked on a 0-100 minimum-maximum scale. Domain scores were averaged to create a SR Composite Index (SRCI) score. We used multilevel logistic regression with random intercepts and multiple cross-level interaction terms to evaluate the association between county-level SRCI and patient-level treatment delays, adjusting for patient-level characteristics and stratified by race.

RESULTS

The SRCI score ranged from 21 to 75 with a median (IQR) of 39.0 (31.8, 45.7). For Black patients, a 10-unit increase in SRCI score was associated with increased odds of delay (Adjusted odds ratios [aOR], 1.25; 95% confidence limits [CL], 1.08 to 1.45). No such association was found for White patients (OR, 1.05; 95% CL, 0.97 to 1.15).

CONCLUSION

Area-level SR measured by a composite index is associated with higher odds of BC treatment delays among Black, but not White patients. Increasing county-level SR is associated with increasing Black-White disparities in treatment delay. Further research is needed to refine the measurement of SR and to examine its association with other cancer care disparities.
Abdominal Obesity–Metabolic Syndrome 3 Misclassified as Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Radi Suhaib , Bashamakh Lujain , Mandourah Hayfa , Alsharif Sarah
Published: August 2024

Age is no longer the most important differentiating feature between type 1 and type 2 diabetes, as obesity and metabolic syndrome are on the rise in the pediatric population. Here we present a case of a 30-year-old male individual initially diagnosed with uncontrolled type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) since the age of 15, and treatment with high insulin doses has been unsuccessful. He was later identified as having abdominal obesity–metabolic syndrome 3 (AOMS3) based on strong family history and the presence of insulin resistance features. AOMS3 is characterized by early-onset coronary artery disease, central obesity, hypertension, and diabetes. Early detection of this condition is crucial to implement timely interventions and preventing the onset of complications.
Ectopic Cushing Syndrome Secondary to Diffuse Idiopathic Neuroendocrine Cell Hyperplasia—A Report of 2 Cases
Authors: Lopez Fanas Raul , Goettemoeller Travis , Cedeno Keerthi , Manavalan Anjali D
Published: August 2024

Ectopic ACTH secretion (EAS) accounts for 10% to 20% of all Cushing syndrome cases. Diffuse intrapulmonary neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia (DIPNECH), a poorly understood lung disease, is characterized by abnormal proliferation of neuroendocrine cells in the bronchial mucosa. It is thought to be a precursor of pulmonary carcinoid and has been associated with EAS in a handful of cases. We present 2 patients with clinical, radiological, and pathological features of DIPNECH who presented with florid Cushing syndrome secondary to EAS evidenced by rapid onset of symptoms, elevated plasma ACTH, and cortisol levels, and failed high-dose dexamethasone suppression testing. Treatment of hypercortisolism included excision of the involved lung and medical therapy with steroidogenesis inhibitors. Despite the aggressive initial management, hypercortisolism persisted. This case series highlights the importance of considering DIPNECH as a cause for Cushing syndrome in the appropriate clinical scenario and underscores the likelihood that surgery may not be curative because of the diffuse nature of this disease. Given the high mortality associated with EAS, prompt medical therapy, appropriate prophylaxis, and bilateral adrenalectomy can be lifesaving measures when initial surgery fails.
Loss of ATRX Protein Expression in an Aggressive Null Cell Pituitary Tumor
Authors: Lamback Elisa , Miranda Renan Lyra , Ventura Nina , Chimelli Leila , Gadelha Mônica R
Published: August 2024

Somatic alpha thalassemia/mental retardation syndrome X-linked (ATRX) pathogenic variants have been shown to predict a malignant phenotype in neuroendocrine tumors. They were recently identified in aggressive pituitary tumors and carcinomas, mainly of corticotrophic origin. To our knowledge, these tumors are rare in a general cohort of pituitary tumors, with no cases described in null cell tumors. These variants can lead to loss of protein expression as revealed by immunohistochemistry. We describe a case of an aggressive null cell pituitary tumor with loss of ATRX expression. The patient underwent two transsphenoidal surgeries and radiotherapy and exhibited tumor growth despite conventional therapy. Analysis of the tumor samples revealed loss of ATRX expression in both surgical specimens, suggesting that ATRX may be a useful biomarker for the early identification of aggressive pituitary tumors.
A Collective Fantasia of the Financial Age in Early 1990s China: Erotic-Speculative Sensation, Neoliberal Labor Heroine, and Presentist Worldly Wisdom
Authors: Zhang Yu
Published: August 2024

When the notion of “finance” reentered ordinary Chinese people's lives since the “Reform and Opening Up,” how were “finance and economics” (caijing) perceived and felt? This essay focuses on the mainland critics’ reviews of the “finance-themed” novels by the Hong Kong entrepreneur-cum-writer Leung Fung Yee (b. 1949) and discusses how “Leung fever” (1992 – 93) provided a medium for a collective imagination of the financial age. Leung's fiction introduced “sensuous and lively” financial knowledge particularly attractive to a financially uneducated mainland readership who nonetheless desired to engage in adventurous economic activities. This essay is situated in the intersection of finance and literary practice and highlights the ways these critics’ interpretations of Leung's novels helped instruct readers in how to feel, experience, and survive the financial age and legitimize the new economic behaviors in everyday life. This new age was first and foremost experienced as an “erotic-speculative sensation” in which an erotic adventure was experienced similar to the financial behavior of speculation. The mainland critics envisioned the figure of “the neoliberal labor heroine,” one who creatively utilizes the intervals to maximize productive value and who performs “presentist worldly wisdom” to strategically navigate life and achieve optimal outputs and success in a disorienting world.
Gender, materiality and culture: South African teachers’ accounts of sexual violence among primary school girls
Authors: Janak Raksha , Bhana Deevia
Published: August 2024

This article explores the role of materiality in shaping primary school teachers’ understandings of girls’ risk to and experience of gender and sexual violence in a rural setting in South Africa. Drawing from photovoice and semi-structured individual interviews involving nine primary school teachers, the article illustrates the entanglement of space, living conditions, economic deprivation with gender and cultural norms that heighten girls’ vulnerability to sexual violence. The findings point to teachers’ knowledge of the cultural and socio-material realties that produces girls’ sexual risk. Teachers drew attention to the poverty, child-headed households, family distress that increased vulnerability to sexual risk. Furthermore, teachers directed attention to the failure to report rape within families linking it to fear, shame and financial dependency on the perpetrator. The article concludes with reflections on the vital role of teachers in addressing sexual violence in a context where girls’ voices are often silenced.
Everyday practices and needs as entry points for an operationalisation of more collective approaches to sufficiency
Authors: Moynat Orlane
Published: August 2024

When it comes to grappling with both the environmental and social dimensions of energy transitions, sustainable wellbeing can be seen as a normative aim to be achieved through the satisfaction of human needs. This article exposes an engaging conceptual framework that describes the reduction of consumption through social practice theory, combined with a eudaimonic approach to wellbeing. Drawing on individual interviews with people who declare themselves as ‘living degrowth’ in French-speaking Switzerland, the article discusses everyday practices of consumption reduction that inform the actualisation of fundamental needs. The article proposes an operationalisation of Max-Neef’s approach of needs satisfaction, showing that an emphasis can be placed on sustainable practices representing synergic satisfiers. To support social change towards sufficiency, the article discusses that synergic satisfiers must be planned for collectively. Synergic collective changes are discussed in relation to synergic configurations of practices towards consumption reduction and needs satisfaction – or sufficiency.
Integrating Trauma-Informed Supervision into Psychiatric Rehabilitation in Times of Shared Traumatic Reality: COVID-19
Authors: Ezra Ariel , Mazor Yael
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT: People with severe mental illness (SMI) are exposed to a greater degree of trauma than the general population. Accordingly, community mental health rehabilitation service providers may be affected by the ongoing exposure to traumatic experiences, and the aftermath, in the lives of their service users. The COVID-19 pandemic constitutes as a shared traumatic reality, bringing to light issues of personal security and traumatization among service users and providers alike. In this article, we propose to broaden and integrate the perspectives of community rehabilitation processes and the trauma-informed standpoint using a case study. Thus, we present an option of incorporating principles from trauma-informed supervision into recovery-oriented supervision during times of emergency and adversity. This integration might be beneficial in areas of function and experience for both service users and service providers. Moreover, recommendations for future research are discussed.
Surface error effect on reflectivity and focused spot of an EUV tubular mirror machined by ultra-precision diamond turning
Authors: Wu Shan , Wang Jinshi , Cui Huaiyu , Zhao Yongpeng , Fang Fengzhou
Published: August 2024

Grazing-incidence tubular mirrors, which provide high reflectivity and significant demagnification of the meridian and sagittal plane through a single reflection, are important optical elements in extreme ultraviolet (EUV) focusing systems. Surface errors induced by the manufacturing process have a vital impact on optical performance. In this paper, a tubular focusing mirror is directly fabricated via ultra-precision diamond turning. According to ray tracing and Rayleigh–Rice vector perturbation theory, a surface error model is established based on the measurement data from different spatial frequency ranges. The effects of figure error and roughness on the reflectivity and the focused spot are studied in detail. The results reveal that these surface errors cause a decrease in reflectivity from 88.9% to 83.2%, along with a significant increase in the root mean square spot radius, rising from 63.9 µm to 138.3 µm. This study also provides a method to bridge the machined surface geometry to the optical functionality.
Refraction displacement pulse sequence combination based on a fast steering mirror stabilization system
Authors: Zhang Yu-Xuan , Xu Jian , Gong Ke-Ling , Zhang Lin , Sun Chang-Zhi , Wang Zi-Hao , Lan Ying-Jie , Zhang Xue-Kun , Bo Yong , Peng Qin-Jun
Published: August 2024

In this paper, a fast steering mirror (FSM) stabilization system is proposed for a refraction displacement pulse sequence beam-combining (PSBC) technique. The FSM system can effectively suppress pointing jitter in the PSBC and achieve high beam-quality laser output. A proof-of-principle experiment on the PSBC with FSM is performed with three ∼100W pulsed beams. The experimental results indicate that a combined output power of 302.5 W is achieved, corresponding to a high combining efficiency of 98.7%. Meanwhile, excellent pointing stability with root mean square pointing jitter = 4.2 µrad is confirmed with a beam quality β of 2.
LITERATURA E ASTRONOMIA:
Authors: Oliveira Camila Muniz , Corci Batista Michel
Published: August 2024

O presente estudo teve como objetivo analisar as possíveis relações entre o conto “O Nosso Sistema Solar”, da obra Serões de Dona Benta, de Monteiro Lobato, com a temática Astronomia. A abordagem metodológica para a constituição e a análise dos dados foi a qualitativa, especificamente a descritiva. Quanto aos procedimentos, utilizamos a pesquisa documental. Os dados foram analisados sob as lentes teóricas da análise de conteúdo de Bardin (1977) e, a partir desta teoria, estudamos três categorias de análise estabelecidas à priori: Categoria I. Evolução das estrelas, Espectro Solar e Manchas Solares; Categoria II. Sistema Solar e a Categoria III. Planetas e Exoplanetas. A análise dos dados da nossa pesquisa nos permite inferir que o conto realiza o papel tanto de Literatura Infantil, como de material didático e propicia condições para o ensino e a aprendizagem de conceitos astronômicos. As principais contribuições deste trabalho dizem respeito a oferecer subsídios conceituais para os docentes incorporarem o conto em sua proposta curricular, evidenciando algumas possibilidades de intersecção entre a Literatura Infantil de Monteiro Lobato e a área de Educação em Astronomia.
The influence of correction of carbohydrate metabolism and body weight on endogenous testosterone production in men with type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity and hypogonadism
Authors: Chernova M. O. , Rozhivanov R. V. , Rozhivanova E. R. , Yesaulenko D. I.
Published: August 2024

Male hypogonadism and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are often combined and aggravate each other. Considering the pathogenetic relationship with the components of the metabolic syndrome (hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, obesity) and the potential reversibility of testosterone deficiency, as well as the wariness of doctors and patients regarding testosterone replacement therapy, it is interesting to study the effect of various methods for correcting carbohydrate metabolism and obesity on endogenous testosterone production. When analyzing the effect of lifestyle correction, drug therapy for T2DM and obesity, as well as metabolic surgery on testosterone production, encouraging results were obtained with regard to methods that provide, first of all, significant reduction in body weight (medications from the group of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and bariatric surgery). As for other classes of new antidiabetic drugs, it is likely that all of them may have direct or indirect beneficial effects on male sexual function, mainly by reducing glucotoxicity and inflammation. However, this hypothesis requires studies on large samples of patients. In addition, there is still no convincing data on the significance of correction of carbohydrate metabolism, regardless of weight loss, in relation to endogenous testosterone production, and there is also no data on the degree of improvement in glycemic control required for a clinically significant increase in serum testosterone levels.
Centre for Treatment of Pregnant Females with endocrinopathies
Authors: Vorotnikova S. Y. , Andreeva E. N.
Published: August 2024

This short message presents main information about Centre for Treatment of Pregnant Females with endocrinopathies. The aim of the present Centre is organization planning and dynamic control of pregnancy for females with endocrinopathies.
Big Five Inventory abreviado desde la Teoría de Respuesta al Ítem
Authors: Abal Facundo Juan Pablo , Sanchez Gonzalez Juan Franco , Attorresi Horacio Félix
Published: August 2024

Aunque se han elaborado numerosas versiones abreviadas del Big Five Inventory (BFI) las propiedades psicométricas obtenidas a nivel mundial presentan inconsistencias insoslayables. En este trabajo se propone reducir este inventario usando Teoría de Respuesta al Ítem como soporte metodológico. Participaron 987 adultos (55.3% mujeres; Media edad = 38; DE edad = 13.9) residentes en el área metropolitana de Buenos Aires, Argentina. La reducción de ítems se realizó de manera progresiva considerando la aplicación del Modelo Respuesta Graduada (supuestos de unidimensionalidad de cada escala por separado, independencia local de los ítems y ajuste al modelo). Se alcanzó una versión de 20 ítems libres de funcionamiento diferencial según el género. Las correlaciones entre las escalas originales y las reducidas fueron superiores a .73. Se replicó la estructura del modelo pentafactorial con un análisis factorial confirmatorio y se aportaron evidencias de validez basadas en la relación con tests que miden sintomatología y facetas de neuroticismo. Los índices de consistencia interna globales mostraron valores aceptables pero las funciones de información revelaron que las escalas disminuyen su precisión en los niveles altos de los rasgos.
BIRD: Efficient Approximation of Bidirectional Hidden Personalized PageRank
Authors: Liu Haoyu , Luo Siqiang
Published: August 2024

In bipartite graph analysis, similarity measures play a pivotal role in various applications. Among existing metrics, the Bidirectional Hidden Personalized PageRank (BHPP) stands out for its superior query quality. However, the computational expense of BHPP remains a bottleneck. Existing approximation methods either demand significant matrix storage or incur prohibitive time costs. For example, current state-of-the-art methods require over 3 hours to process a single-source BHPP query on the real-world bipartite graph
Orkut
, which contains approximately 3 × 10
8
edges.

We introduce BIRD, a novel algorithm designed for answering single-source BHPP queries on weighted bipartite graphs. Through meticulous theoretical analysis, we demonstrate that BIRD significantly improves time complexity to
Õ
(
n
), as compared to the previous best one,
Õ
(
m
), under typical relative error setting and constant failure probability. (
n, m
denote the number of nodes and edges respectively.) Extensive experiments confirm that BIRD outperforms existing baselines by orders of magnitude in large-scale bipartite graphs. Notably, our proposed method accomplishes a single-source BHPP query on
Orkut
using merely 7 minutes.
Incremental Sliding Window Connectivity over Streaming Graphs
Authors: Zhang Chao , Bonifati Angela , Özsu M. Tamer
Published: August 2024

We study index-based processing for connectivity queries within sliding windows on streaming graphs. These queries, which determine whether two vertices belong to the same connected component, are fundamental operations in real-time graph data processing and demand high throughput and low latency. While indexing methods that leverage data structures for fully dynamic connectivity can facilitate efficient query processing, they encounter significant challenges with deleting expired edges from the window during window updates. We introduce a novel indexing approach that eliminates the need for physically performing edge deletions. This is achieved through a unique bidirectional incremental computation framework, referred to as the BIC model. The BIC model implements two distinct incremental computations to compute connected components within the window, operating along and against the timeline, respectively. These computations are then merged to efficiently compute queries in the window. We propose techniques for optimized index storage, incremental index updates, and efficient query processing to improve BIC effectiveness. Empirically, BIC achieves a 14× increase in throughput and a reduction in P95 latency by up to 3900× when compared to state-of-the-art indexes.
Biathlon: Harnessing Model Resilience for Accelerating ML Inference Pipelines
Authors: Chang Chaokun , Lo Eric , Ye Chunxiao
Published: August 2024

Machine learning inference pipelines commonly encountered in data science and industries often require real-time responsiveness due to their user-facing nature. However, meeting this requirement becomes particularly challenging when certain input features require aggregating a large volume of data online. Recent literature on interpretable machine learning reveals that most machine learning models exhibit a notable degree of resilience to variations in input. This suggests that machine learning models can effectively accommodate approximate input features with minimal discernible impact on accuracy. In this paper, we introduce Biathlon, a novel ML serving system that leverages the inherent resilience of models and determines the optimal degree of approximation for each aggregation feature. This approach enables maximum speedup while ensuring a guaranteed bound on accuracy loss. We evaluate Biathlon on real pipelines from both industry applications and data science competitions, demonstrating its ability to meet real-time latency requirements by achieving 5.3× to 16.6× speedup with almost no accuracy loss.
The effect of low‐intensity suspension training with blood flow restriction onGH,IGF‐1, and their association with physical fitness in young women
Authors: Aram Shiva , Khodaei Kazem , Zolfaghar Didani Mohamadreza
Published: August 2024

Blood flow restriction (BFR) has been incorporated in resistance training for over 20 years. We aimed to investigate the impact of low‐intensity suspension training with BFR (LIST+BFR) on GH, IGF‐1, and their association with physical fitness in young women. Thirty‐six active women participated and were randomly assigned to either the high‐intensity suspension training (HIST), LIST+BFR, or control (CON) groups. Training groups exercised three sessions weekly for 8 weeks. The CON only engaged in regular physical activity. Fasting serum hormones and physical fitness were assessed 48 h before and after the training intervention. GH and IGF‐1 levels significantly higher in the LIST+BFR compared to the HIST and CON. These hormones were significantly higher by HIST, compared to CON. LIST+BFR led to significant enhancements in muscular strength and endurance compared to HIST and CON. Additionally, HIST significantly higher than compared to CON. Sprinting and agility time lower in both suspension training groups rather than the CON. No significant between‐groups differences were found in weight. There was a large or moderate correlation between GH and IGF‐1 and muscular strength, endurance, sprint, and agility performance. LIST+BFR could more enhanced GH, IGF‐1, and muscular strength and endurance in females than HIST.
Matrix stretching
Authors: Futorny Vyacheslav , Neklyudov Mikhail , Zhao Kaiming
Published: August 2024

We consider the tensor products of square matrices of different sizes and introduce the stretching maps, which can be viewed as a generalized matricization. Stretching maps conserve algebraic properties of the tensor product, but are not necessarily injective. Dropping the injectivity condition allows us to construct examples of stretching maps with additional symmetry properties. Furthermore, this leads to the averaging of the tensor product and possibly could be used to compress the data.
FUENTES Y DESTINO DEL PROBLEMA MEDIEVAL DE LOS UNIVERSALES: UN ESTADO DE LA CUESTIÓN
Authors: Fernández Carolina J.
Published: August 2024

Este artículo aborda las fuentes antiguas del problema medieval de los universales em relación con la tradición filosófica posterior. Nos enfocamos en la Antigüedad Tardía como el marco dentro del cual se forja el problema de los universales y repasamos algunos acuerdos básicos del mundo académico, así como los tópicos actualmente debatidos. Sobre esa base, tratamos la doctrina de los universales de Porfirio, tanto en la Isagogé como en otras obras. En cuanto a Boecio, señalamos sorprendentes diferencias, no solo entre su comentario a las obras lógicas de Aristóteles y su Consolación de la Filosofía, sino también dentro del corpus lógico mismo. El resultado es que ambos autores son abstraccionistas pero al mismo tiempo negocian con la metafísica realista platónica.
Francisco Suárez e os germes ibero-americanos do populismo moderno
Authors: Lindo Luiz Antônio
Published: August 2024

The modern populism has as one of its sources the political ideas of Francisco Suárez (1548-1617), who, as a teacher in outstanding european universities, such as Salamanca and Coimbra, have had widespread influence even up to our time. His political teachings has made a difference for notorious figures and political movements, such as Bartolomé de las Casas, the famous advocate of the Indians, and possibly, in more recent times, H. F. R. Lamennais and the Russian populists of the Nineteenth Century
Μεσότης in Plato and Aristotle
Authors: Grasso Roberto
Published: August 2024

I propose a revision of the received lexicography of μεσότης with regard to Plato’s and Aristotle’s use of the word. In their works, μεσότης never indicates something that merely ‘lies in the middle’, and rather hints at what establishes a reason-grounded, ἀναλογία-like relationship between two extremes. Particularly controversial occurrences of the word μεσότης are connected to the introduction of Aristotle’s ethical and perceptual doctrines of the mean, in Nicomachean Ethics II and De Anima II.12. In this regard, I shall briefly mention some promising directions of inquiry that seem worthy of further investigation.
Can constructive empiricists believe in exoplanets too?
Authors: Gava Alessio
Published: August 2024

Bas van Fraassen maintains that the actual function of optical instruments is producing images. Still, the output of a telescope is different from that of a microscope, for in the latter case it is not possible to empirically investigate the geometrical relations between the observer, the image and the detected entity, while in the former it is - at least in principle. In this paper I argue that this is a weak argument to support the belief in the existence of exoplanets that, according to van Fraassen, comes with accepting a theory that posits these entities. If a constructive empiricist asserts the empirical adequacy of such a theory, she might be relying on typical realist arguments, instead - of the very same ilk as the ones used to defend the veridicality of microscopic images. Perhaps the time has come for van Fraassen to explain his view on telescopes.
Fraqueza da Vontade e Liberdade
Authors: Tavares da Silva Ricardo
Published: August 2024

Os casos de fraqueza da vontade (incontinência) são tidos como paradoxais. Há, pelo menos, uma tensão entre tais casos e a lei psicológica que relaciona avaliações e volições: se julgamos que fazer x é melhor do que fazer y, então queremos fazer x; porém, por vezes, julgamos que fazer x é melhor do que fazer y e, ainda assim, queremos fazer y em vez de x. Como noutras propostas, defendo que a incompatibilidade é aparente. Porém, não rejeito que haja verdadeiros casos de fraqueza da vontade. Proponho que, em tais casos, há uma cisão entre a força psicológica e o conteúdo axiológico das avaliações: o que o agente representa como mais valioso não é o que se encontra mais representado como valioso no agente e, portanto, aquilo que tem eficácia causal. Proponho, ainda, que o sistema volitivo desenvolveu um mecanismo de correção de tais anomalias, pelo qual o agente tem a capacidade de determinar volições de acordo com a avaliação do melhor.
Fenomenologia Naturalizada e Neurofenomenologia da Afetividade
Authors: Lopes Marcelo Vieira
Published: August 2024

Apresento neste trabalho as linhas gerais dos desenvolvimentos metodológicos operados na fenomenologia contemporânea a partir do crescente processo de naturalização. Naturalizar a fenomenologia corresponde à interação de descrições fenomenológicas tradicionais com as descrições oriundas das ciências naturais. Em um primeiro momento apresento as variações metodológicas derivadas dessa interação e os resultados já consolidados na literatura. Posteriormente caracterizo de maneira mais precisa o projeto da neurofenomenologia e apresento algumas contribuições relativas ao estudo da afetividade tendo como pano de fundo a compreensão desse fenômeno em termos enativistas. Chamo atenção, em particular, para um tipo de fenômeno afetivo específico, os sentimentos corporais de tipo existencial. Será possível, assim, apresentar uma avaliação de ordem metodológica relativa ao modo de acesso e descrição desses fenômenos, assumindo como ponto de partida a ideia neurofenomenológica de restrições mútuas entre os níveis de descrição.
Princípios da Ética Ambiental e Mudanças Climáticas
Authors: Tonetto Milene
Published: August 2024

O principal objetivo deste artigo é investigar quais princípios da ética do clima (a saber, os princípios poluidor-pagador, beneficiário-pagador, capacidade para pagar, igualdade de emissões per capita; princípios híbridos: princípio poluidor-pagador sensível à pobreza e capacidade para pagar sensível historicamente) podem ser usados na defesa de um modelo justo a ser desenvolvido para distribuir os deveres de mitigação das emissões, reparação e adaptação às mudanças climáticas. O artigo defende que um modelo justo de distribuição deverá reconhecer a contribuição histórica das emissões de gases de efeito estufa (GEE) para as mudanças climáticas, os beneficiários atuais das emissões de GEE, a capacidade de pagar os encargos e não impedir o desenvolvimento daqueles que pouco se beneficiaram com as emissões passadas.
Influência dos indicadores socioeconômicos na pandemia de COVID-19 na população infantojuvenil
Authors: Ribeiro Ana Cristina , Falciroli Isa Milene Vansan , Cano Rodrigo das Neves , Uehara Sílvia Carla da Silva André
Published: August 2024

Objetivo: analisar a influência dos indicadores socioeconômicos na pandemia de COVID-19 na população infantojuvenil. Métodos: trata-se de um estudo ecológico, considerando todos os casos de infecção e óbitos notificados de COVID-19 em crianças e adolescentes. Os dados secundários foram coletados e analisados por meio dos Índices de Moran Global, de forma uni e bivariada. Resultados: na região Centro-Oeste, foi registrado o maior coeficiente de incidência por COVID-19 na população infantojuvenil; na região Norte, foi verificado o maior índice de mortalidade e a maior letalidade foi notificada na região Nordeste. Ainda, foi observada uma correlação negativa entre a mortalidade por COVID-19 na população infantojuvenil e índice de desenvolvimento humano, rendimento per capita e escolaridade do chefe da família. Conclusão: os indicadores socioeconômicos relacionados ao Índice de Desenvolvimento Humano (IDH), rendimento nominal per capita e escolaridade do chefe da família podem ter influenciado no aumento da incidência e mortalidade pelo COVID-19 na população infantojuvenil no Brasil. Contribuições para a prática: o conhecimento das desigualdades socioeconômicas regionais auxilia para o planejamento e implementação de políticas públicas que tenham por finalidade minimizar as desigualdades regionais brasileiras diante as crises sanitárias como vivenciadas durante a pandemia de COVID-19.