bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Body composition determined with computed tomography at ICU admission as a potential long- term outcome assessment tool in critically ill patients: a post-hoc analysis of a prospective, observational study.
Authors: Deana Cristian , Cereser Lorenzo , Nardone Luigi , Danielis Matteo , Cherchi Vittorio , Biasucci Daniele Guerino , Umbrello Michele , Piani Tommaso , Lucchese Francesca , Vetrugno Luigi
Published: October 2024

Background: body composition evaluated with computed tomography scan (CT) at intensive care unit (ICU) admission is a predictor of short-term mortality (6 months). Little is known regarding long-term outcome. Our objective is to evaluate the potential predictor role of body composition at ICU admission evaluated with CT scan and long-term mortality (2 years).
Methods: post-hoc analysis of a prospective observational study. Body composition evaluated at the level of third lumbar vertebra (L3) was analyzed with dedicated software that automatically calculated the areas (mm2), determined the tissue composition by a Hounsfield Unit (H.U.) and extracted fat component. Cox regression analysis was adopted to evaluate the association between statistically significant muscle parameters at univariate descriptive analysis and 2-years survival.
Results: fifty-one patients were included. Patient alive at follow-up had higher muscle area than nonsurvivors, 156 [128-185] versus 110 [95.1-143] cm2 (p=0.001). No significant difference regarding fat area was observed in survivors compared to nonsurvivors: 27.7 [17.6-38.52] versus 41.6 [26-54.6], respectively (p=0.132).
Total muscle area was significantly associated with 2-years mortality with HR 1.01 (1.00-1.02, p=0.049).
Conclusion: total muscle but not fat area evaluated at L3 at ICU admission is a prognostic marker of mortality at long-term follow-up in critically ill patients.
Trial registration: the study NUTRITI was registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (Identifier: NCT05473546 on 26 July 2022).
Clinical efficacy analysis of arthroscopically assisted Orthcord suture fixation in the treatment of tibial intercondylar eminence fractures: a retrospective case-control study
Authors: Zhang Rongfang , Wang Yuqi , Wang Chunyu , Qiao Yuanxin , Liu HongBo
Published: October 2024

Background: To explore the efficacy of arthroscopically assisted fixation of type II and type III tibial intercondylar eminence fractures with Orthcord sutures.
Method: A retrospective analysis was performed on 80 patients with intercondylar eminence fractures admitted to our hospital from April 2020 to March 2024. According to different surgical methods, the patients were divided into special suture fixation group (n = 30), cannulated screw fixation group (n = 24), and wire fixation group (n = 26). The suture group used arthroscopic orthcord sutures to fix tibial intercondylar eminence fractures, and the cannulated screw group used cannulated compression screws for fixation. Patients in the wire group underwent arthroscopic wire fixation. The basic information of all patients was collected and followed up for 1 year. The Lysholm score of the knee joint was performed at 3 months and 1 year after surgery. The patients' general data, surgical conditions, operation time, blood loss, hospitalization costs, postoperative recovery (Lysholm score of knee joint at 3 months and 1 year after surgery) and other data were analyzed by variance analysis. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Result: There was no statistical difference in the general data of all patients. One-year follow-up showed that all patients had achieved bone healing without infection, displacement, or bone malformation. The hospitalization time in the wire group was (11 ± 1.02) days, the screw group was (11.58 ± 1.61) days, and the Orhtcord suture group was shortened to (10.03 ± 1.07) days. The differences among the three groups were statistically significant (P < 0.05). At the same time, the cost of Orhtcord suture surgery (1310.7 ± 0.29) $ was significantly lower than that of the other two groups (P＜0.05). The operation time of the suture group (68.13±1.11min) was significantly shorter than that of the wire group (76.76±11.57min) and the screw group (90.62±1.99min) (P＜0.05). In the follow-up, the score of Orhtcord suture 3 months after operation (94.07±2.72 points) was better than that of the wire group (90.23±5.23 points) and the screw group (90.37±5.41 points); the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05). However, there was no statistically significant difference in the Lysholm score of the three groups of patients 6 months after operation (96.26±1.89, 96.33±2.44, 97.3±1.70) (P＞0.05).
Conclusion: The use of Orhtcord sutures in the arthroscopically assisted treatment of intercondylar ridge fractures can shorten the length of hospital stay and surgery, while greatly reducing hospitalization costs. It can achieve better short-term (3 months) recovery effects while avoiding secondary surgery, and ultimately show no weaker fixation effect than conventional screws and wires when fully weight-bearing is restored.
RETRACTED: Research on Childhood Asthma and Vitamin D: A Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Liu NaiXu , Luo Fei , Chen XiaoRui , Wu ZhaoRong , Zhang Sha , Zhai SiMing , Ding YaLi , Wang YuanYuan , Tao JiaLei , Yuan Bin
Published: October 2024

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Validation a new malnutrition screening tool for hospitalized pregnant women in Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen Thi Thu Lieu , Doan Thu Huyen , Ha Kieu Trang , Le Hien Anh , Tran Thi Tu Anh , Le Thi Thanh Xuan , Le Thi Huong , Luu Thi My Thuc
Published: October 2024

Background
The Vietnamese Obstetric Malnutrition Screening Tool (Obstetric MST) is a questionnaire designed to assess the nutrition status of hospitalized pregnant women. The aim of this study was to evaluate the validity and reliability of this questionnaire among inpatients in Vietnam.
Methods
200 pregnant women admitted to the National Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Vietnam from November 2023 to January 2024. Nutritional risk according to Obstetric MST was compared with the FIGO nutrition checklist, the obstetric nutritional risk screening, the composite diagnostic criteria, and the estimated fetal weight. Sensitivity, specificity, Positive Predictive Values (PPV), Negative Predictive Values (NPV), receiver operator characteristics curve, and the best cut-off scores were determined. Interrater reliability was decided to utilize kappa measurements.
Results
Using Obstetric MST, the optimal cut-off score to identify malnourished pregnant women was one, with 62.5% of patients to be at risk of malnutrition. The percentage agreement between dietitian and nurse was 98.0%, with excellent interrater reliability [kappa value = 0.96 (95% CI 0.94–1.00)]. Obstetric MST had good sensitivity (80.65% − 90.70%), low specificity (40.11% − 45.22%), low PPV (12.80% − 31.20%), and high NPV (92.00% − 97.33%). The area under the curves for Obstetric MST were acceptable (above 0.6).
Conclusions
The Obstetric MST is a valid and reliable nutrition screening tool for determining malnutrition risk in hospitalized pregnant women.
Long-term Outcomes and Prognostic Factors of Eye-preserving Treatment with Particle Beam Radiotherapy for Orbital Malignancies
Authors: Hu Weixu , Cai Qiong , Gao Jing , Hu Jiyi , Huang Qingting , Zhang Haojiong , Kong Lin
Published: October 2024

Background
This retrospective study report the clinical experience of eye-preserving treatment follow by particle beam radiotherapy (IMPT or CIRT) for orbital malignancies. And to evaluate prognostic factors for orbital and lacrimal gland tumors.
Methods
Sixty-two patients with orbital malignancies were identified in the records of a single center between 2015 and 2021. Sixty-one patients met inclusion criteria. All of the patients received eye-preserving treatment before PBRT. Majority of the patients (91.8%) were treatment with CIRT. Clinical data, treatment modality, local control, metastases and survivals and visual outcomes, as well as associated prognostic indicators were were assessed.
Results
Sixty-one patients were followed with a median of 40.7 months (44.3 months for surviving patients). The 3- and 5-year DSS and LC rates were 88.1% and 69.9%, and the 3- and 5-year DMC rates were 77.5% and 74.2% for entire orbital malignancies. For lacrimal gland carcinoma, the 5-year DSS, LC, DMC, and PFS rates were 83.3%, 64.8%, 66.8%, and 53.4%. Tumor size, T stage, extraorbital invasion, and bone invasion influenced survivals. No grade 3 or higher acute toxicities were observed. A total of 8 patients experienced grade 3–4 visual impairment.
Conclusions
Particle radiotherapy following eye-preserving treatment provided a favorable local control and survivals with moderate acute and late toxicities, even in patients with unresectable disease. Particle radiotherapy was a promising strategy for management of orbital tumors.
Laser cleaning of insect residue with a TEA-CO2 -laser in shockwave regime
Authors: Rathmann Lewin , Radel Tim
Published: October 2024

Nowadays, much effort is put into the development of laminar flow technologies for next generation aircrafts creating laminar flow in areas around the leading edge of wings of an airplane. Laminar flow reduces drag at aero plane wings thus reducing environmental pollution and costs due to saved kerosene. Nevertheless, three dimensional disturbances like insect residues, if reaching a threshold height, cause a breakdown in laminar air flow turning it into a turbulent one. Consequently, these insect residues need to be removed repeatedly. Therefore, insect residues were artificially applied on 1.4544.9 steel and Titanium Grade 5 and removed using a TEA-CO2 laser in multiple cleaning cycles. The cleaned area was investigated in terms of process influence on the base material using micro hardness measurements, CLSM and SEM imaging of the topography and grain structure. This paper presents a way of significantly reducing (by 84%) the inhomogeneously distributed insect residue without any identified alteration of the base material regarding hardness, topography, or grain structure.
The efficacy of the pull-out and all-inside techniques for the treatment of Laprad type II medial meniscus posterior root tear
Authors: Shen Zheyuan , Wu Rong , Cai Dan , Li Heng , Peng Qiaoying , Guo Songhua , Zhanfeng Zhang , Zhang Zhanfeng
Published: October 2024

Purpose To investigate the therapeutic effect of Pull-out technique and All-inside technique on Laprad type II medial meniscus posterior root tear (MMPRT).Methods A total of 95 patients were included in this study. Kellgren Lawrence (K-L) grade was recorded by knee X-ray after surgery, and knee cartilage injury grade, subchondral cyst, subchondral edema, insufficiency fracture, meniscal extrusion and meniscal healing were recorded by MRI. International Knee Literature Committee Knee Assessment Scale (IKDC) score, Lysholm score and VAS score were used to evaluate knee joint function.Results There were no significant differences in K-L grade, knee cartilage injury grade, subchondral cyst, subchondral edema and insufficiency fracture between two groups (p > 0.05). The extrusion rate and degree of medial meniscus in pull-out repair group were 88.68%, 3.43 ± 0.71mm, while those in the all-inside repair group were 90.48%, 3.41 ± 0.80mm, with no statistical difference (p > 0.05). There were no significant differences in postoperative IKDC scores and Lysholm scores (p > 0.05).Conclusion Both pull-out repair and all-inside repair can improve knee joint function in the treatment of Laprad type II PMMRT.
The development of a high-plex spatial proteomic methodology for the characterisation of the head and neck tumour microenvironment
Authors: Tan Chin Wee , Berrell Naomi , Donovan Meg L , Monkman James , Sadeghirad Habib , Naei Vahid Yaghoubi , Chen Jinjin , Rossenbloom Alyssa , Bonnett Shilah , Conner Mark , Filanoski Brian , Kang Christine , Beechem Joseph M. , Fraser John F , Barnett Catherine , Ladwa Rahul , Hughes Brett GM , Kulasinghe Arutha
Published: October 2024

Mucosal head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a debilitating disease that accounts for an estimated 890,000 new cases per year, making it the seventh most common cancer globally. HNSCC is a heterogenous group of cancers that affect various regions of the head and neck which stem from the epithelial cells in the mucosal lining. Despite advancements in chemotherapy, radiotherapy, surgery and immunotherapy, the prognosis of HNSCC has remained relatively unchanged for more than a decade. There is a need to better understand the tumour microenvironment (TME) using spatially resolved approaches, to gain insights into the TME associated with clinical endpoints such as Disease-Free Survival (DFS) and Overall Survival (OS). Here, we profiled 84 mucosal HNSCC tissue samples using next-generation ultra-high plex spatial protein profiling (580-proteins, Immuno-Oncology Proteome Atlas) and spatial transcriptome mapping (18,000 mRNA, Whole Transcriptome Atlas) from Nanostring Technologies (Bruker). Patient specimens were collected during tumour resection, where patients then went on to receive either chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy. Each patient tissue sample was subdivided into tumour and stromal regions prior to digital spatial profiling. We found that patient survival outcomes (both DFS and OS) were associated with anatomical locations and tumour stage. Notably, there were specific proteomic and transcriptomic features in both the tumour and stromal regions that associated with DFS and OS. Independent validation of key proteomic findings (including CD34 and CD44) was performed using single-cell protein profiling (PhenoCycler-Fusion, Akoya Biosciences). Finally, cell type deconvolution based on transcriptomic signatures revealed cell types associated with patient survival. Taken together, this study provides a systematic workflow for discovery and validation of high-plex protein and transcriptomic profiling in mucosal HNSCC.
Analysis of risk factors and complications of neonatal infection in 500 pregnant women with premature rupture of membranes
Authors: Yu Xiaohong , Chen Haiying , Chen Guoce
Published: October 2024

Objective
Analyze the risk factors and complications of neonatal infection in 500 pregnant women with premature rupture of membranes(PROM), providing guidance for early prevention and timely treatment in clinical practice.
Methods
This retrospective study included 500 pregnant women randomly selected between October 2023 and October 2024, who were admitted to the obstetrics department of Wenzhou People's Hospital,Zhejiang Province, China, at 37-40 weeks of pregnancy due to PROM.Based on the infection status of newborns, the participants were divided into an infected group(77 cases) and an uninfected group(423 cases).The differences between the two groups were compared,and the risk factors and complications of neonatal infections were evaluated and analyzed.
Results
Neonatal infection was used as the dependent variable,while the duration of PROM, length of the first stage, length of the second stage, nulliparity, placental inflammation,fetal tachocardia, prenatal fever, amniotic fluid contamination,and group B streptococcus (GBS) colonization were used as independent variables. The results indicated that the duration of PROM, length of the first stage,length of the second stage,placental inflammation,fetal tachocardia, prenatal fever, amniotic fluid contamination,and GBS colonization wereindependent risk factors for neonatal infections (p<0.05).In this study, the neonatal infection rate was 15.4%, including 19 cases of pneumonia (24.6%), 8 cases of respiratory distress syndrome (10.4%), 10 cases of respiratory failure (13.0%), and 40 cases of early-onset neonatal infection (52.0%). Among the 77 cases of neonatal infections, 11 cases (14.3%) were severe infections.
Conclusion: Pregnant women with PROM face a higher risk of neonatal infection and severe neonatal infection, especially when associated with certain risk factors. In clinical practice, it is crucial to closely monitorfull-term pregnant women with PROM, improve the management of PROM, actively administer antibiotics to prevent infection, and terminate pregnancy promptly to minimize neonatal risks.These measures can help prevent and reduce the occurrence of neonatal infections, including severe cases.
Prevalence of complementary therapy use for inflammatory arthritis patients: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Ni Jianping , Wang Xinqi , Fang Jun , Zhang Tao , Ni Man , Deng Yujie , Sun Xiaoya , Chen Yuting , Pan Faming
Published: October 2024

Objective
To investigate the characteristics of patients with inflammatory arthritis (IA) who use complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) and to examine the relationship between pain, fatigue, anxiety, depression, and sleep status in patients with IA and the use of CAM.
Method
A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University in Anhui, China between October 2021 and February 2022. Unpaired Student's t-tests, Chi-square tests, and Pearson correlation tests were employed to compare users versus non-users. Finally, logistic regression analysis was used to explore the independent influences on the use of CAM in inflammatory joint disease.
Result
Significant associations were found between Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory (MFI) scores, the Depression-Anxiety-Stress Self-Assessment Scale (DASS-21), and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and CAM use. The results showed that the logistic regression model was statistically significant (χ2 = 64.891, P = 0.000), and the model diagnostic compliance rate was 65.2%. The Hosmer Leeshawn test showed P = 0.787 > 0.05 and the model was well fitted.
Conclusion
Overall, older age, longer disease duration, higher disease activity, and more severe anxiety levels were associated with higher rates of CAM utilization.
Targeting climate finance for global forests
Authors: Austin Kemen , Favero Alice , Forsell Nicklas , Sohngen Brent , Wade Chris , Ohrel Sara , Ragnauth Shaun
Published: October 2024

Comprehensive data on the costs of climate change mitigation are needed to direct the scale and distribution of climate finance to the sectors and regions where it will be most cost effective. We estimate finance needed to achieve regional forest-based mitigation targets aggregated from Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) to the Paris Agreement, submitted between 2015 - 2021. We compare the costs of achieving these regional targets to a Global Coordination scenario in which a similar level of finance is available as is required to meet upper bound NDC targets, but which allows mitigation to occur in regions where it is lowest cost. We find that regions accounting for 70% of global forest carbon stocks can meet or exceed their forest-based NDC targets with carbon prices less than $100 / ton CO2. Total investment required to meet these goals is $28-70 billion annually by 2030. Under a Global Coordination scenario, we project nearly 3x the quantity of mitigation as in the upper bound NDC scenario, under similar levels of investment, in 2030. These findings demonstrate an opportunity for increasing mitigation action among regions with low-cost abatement potential that is not reflected in current NDCs, as well as substantial cost savings via policy solutions that target low-cost mitigation opportunities. This assessment provides insight into the magnitude and distribution of forest climate finance needed to reach current mitigation targets and informs the development of the next generation of NDCs.
Enhancing Public Finance Accountability: A Comprehensive Analysis of Parliamentary Oversight on Audit Reports in Bangladesh
Authors: Jubaer AKM
Published: October 2024

This research paper, titled "Enhancing Public Finance Accountability: A Comprehensive Analysis of Parliamentary Oversight on Audit Reports in Bangladesh," delves into the critical role of parliamentary oversight in ensuring fiscal accountability within the context of Bangladesh's economic landscape. Against the backdrop of commendable economic growth, the study scrutinizes the challenges faced by the Public Accounts Committee (PAC) and the Office of the Comptroller and Auditor General (OCAG) in examining government audit reports. The research questions aim to assess the effectiveness of current oversight mechanisms, identify challenges encountered by the PAC, and propose actionable recommendations. Utilizing a theoretical framework grounded in accountability theory, institutional analysis, and governance literature, the study employs a mixed-method research design. Primary data is extracted from PAC reports and parliamentary proceedings, supplemented by external sources and comparative case studies. The comprehensive analysis reveals multifaceted challenges, including political interference, resource limitations, and technological gaps, hindering the transparency and accountability of public finances. The study combines mixed-method research, including efficiency analysis, document analysis, key informant interviews, surveys, and case studies, to propose actionable recommendations for strengthening transparency, accountability, and good governance in Bangladesh's financial management. The findings emphasize the urgent need for reforms and a multifaceted strategy to address the identified challenges, fostering economic growth and sustainable development. The findings underscore the urgency for a holistic strategy, leading to a set of recommendations categorized into capacity building, independence and transparency reforms, digitalization and automation, open government data initiatives, and strategic resource allocation. A long-term impact assessment envisions positive economic outcomes, including GDP growth and reduced deficit and debt burden, endorsing the transformative potential of the proposed reforms. In conclusion, this research emphasizes the pivotal role of parliamentary oversight in reshaping Bangladesh's financial governance. The proposed recommendations, supported by a multicriterial analysis, offer a pathway to fortify public finance accountability, fostering transparency, efficiency, and public trust. The research contributes valuable insights for policymakers, practitioners, and citizens, advocating for continuous inquiry to refine strategies and ensure sustained improvements in governance and accountability.
One-fifth of the world's population at high risk from climate-related hazards
Authors: Hill Ruth , Gorgulu Nisan , Brunckhorst Ben , Nguyen Minh , Hallegatte Stephane , Naikal Esther
Published: October 2024

Climate change is increasing the frequency and intensity of extreme weather events. When these events occur, they threaten lives and livelihoods. Here we estimate the global population at high risk from climate-related hazards by examining household level vulnerability and local exposure to four types of events: droughts, floods, heatwaves and cyclones. Under current climate conditions, 4.5 billion people are expected to experience these hazards at intensities exceeding critical thresholds within their lifetime. One third of this population is considered highly vulnerable, based on seven dimensions that influence potential welfare impacts: income, education, access to finance, social protection, drinking water, electricity, and access to services and markets. Overall, we estimate that 1 in 5 people globally are at high risk from these hazards meaning that they are likely to experience them and would struggle to recover from their impacts. While the proportion of the population at high risk has nearly halved since 2010 due to decreased vulnerability, the number of people exposed has increased, and progress has been uneven across regions. This study demonstrates how household survey and high-resolution spatial data can be used to consistently track climate risks across countries and over time. The findings are relevant for policymakers working on climate change adaptation strategies.
Factors determining economic growth in Syria in 2014 – 2023 : macroeconomic analysis
Authors: Rusakovich V. I. , Kopylova E. V.
Published: October 2024

The economy of Syria has been experiencing very strong and diverse pressure from Western countries on the national economy for a long period. Despite this, the country was able to survive and continues its development, although very unstable. In this regard, the issue of thefactors of the growth of the Syrian economy in the last decade, the problems and prospects for the development of the national economy and the foreign trade sector of the country, as well as the prospects for its cooperation with foreign partners, including at the regional level, remains relevant. The article shows that in the last decade, the Syrian economy has faced serious problems, including two new (external) factors – the global COVID-19 pandemic and the escalation of military tensions in the Middle East region, affecting both the territory (and the economy) of Syria. At the domestic socio-economic level, market volatility affects the dynamics of macroeconomic indicators (high instability of development, including in the field of per capita income, a significant degree of closure of the national economy – low indicators of the foreign trade quota with continued import dependence, a significant share of agriculture and low urbanization relative to other countries in the region), while high final consumption costs do not allow the country to ensure the necessary level of fixed capital accumulation for the development and diversification of the national economy. At the same time, Syria's economy remains one of the most diversified in the region, and the country does not face a high degree of food dependence like its regional neighbors. From this, the authors conclude that it is necessary and possible at this stage to intensify and escalate intraregional inter-Arab economic cooperation and trade as one of the tools to reduce existing risks.
Türkçe Öğretmeni Adaylarının 21. Yüzyıl Becerilerinde İletişim ve Öz Liderliğin Yordayıcı Rolü
Authors: Özcan Suna , Mutlu Bayraktar Duygu
Published: October 2024

Dilin düşüncenin aracı olması bakımından üst düzey düşüncelerin gelişiminde önemli bir yere sahip olduğu ifade edilebilir. Düşüncelerin ifade edilmesinde, üst düzey düşünme becerilerinin, liderlik özelliklerinin yansıtılmasında dilin etkili bir araç olabileceği göz önüne alındığında dil eğitimiyle görevlendirilecek öğretmen adaylarının bu özelliklerinin belirlenmesi önemli görülmektedir. Bu nedenle bu araştırmanın amacı Türkçe öğretmeni adaylarının 21. yüzyıl becerileri, iletişim becerileri ve öz liderlik becerileri arasındaki ilişki ile öz liderlikleri ve iletişim becerilerinin 21. yüzyıl becerilerini yordama durumunu ortaya koymak olarak belirlenmiştir. Nicel araştırma yönteminin ilişkisel tarama modeline dayanan çalışmanın örneklem grubunu 2023-2024 eğitim-öğretim yılında Türkçe eğitimi 4. sınıfta giden 108 lisans öğrencisi oluşturmaktadır. “Kişisel Bilgi Formu”, “21. Yüzyıl Becerileri Ölçeği”, “Etkili İletişim Becerileri Ölçeği” ve “Kendi Kendine Liderlik Ölçeği” veri toplama araçları olarak kullanılmıştır. Araştırmadaki değişkenler arasındaki ilişkiyi ortaya koymak için pearson momentler çarpım korelasyonu katsayısı hesaplanmıştır. İletişim ve öz liderliğin 21. yüzyıl becerilerini yordayıcılığını belirlemek amacıyla çoklu doğrusal regresyon analizi yapılmıştır. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre Türkçe öğretmeni adaylarının öz liderlik ve etkili iletişim becerileri onların 21. yüzyıl becerilerini yordamaktadır. Ayrıca katılımcıların öz liderlik, etkili iletişim ve 21. yüzyıl becerileri arasında pozitif ilişki olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Potential Anti-tumor Effects and Apoptosis-inducing Mechanisms of Saponins: A Review
Authors: Santos Edvania Emannuelle Pinheiro , de Oliveira Andrade Maria Lorena , dos Santos Nascimento Igor José , Cibulski Samuel Paulo , da Silva Alves Harley
Published: October 2024

The search for effective cancer therapies highlights saponins, natural plant-derived compounds,
as promising anticancer agents. These compounds induce apoptosis in cancer cells by activating
caspases, essential enzymes for cell death. For example, Soyasapogenol B from Glycine max
and Astragaloside IV from Astragalus membranaceus effectively trigger apoptosis in cancer cells.
Additionally, saponins, such as Compound K from American ginseng and Saikosaponin from Bupleurum
falcatum, affect extrinsic and intrinsic pathways, including mitochondrial release of cytochrome
C and activation of caspase-9. Ziyuglycoside II also acts on both pathways and activates
the ROS/JNK pathway. Understanding these mechanisms provides promising prospects for developing
more specific and safer anticancer therapies. The review utilized the ScienceDirect, PubMed,
and Google Scholar databases. It was found that original articles and reviews from journals indexed
in these sources emphasized the antitumor capabilities of saponins and discussed their role in
apoptosis induction and caspase activation. The activation of caspases by saponins in the apoptotic
pathway involves two main pathways: the extrinsic pathway is initiated by external signals that
activate caspase-8, while the intrinsic pathway starts with internal stimuli, causing the release of
cytochrome c and the activation of caspase-9. These pathways both lead to the activation of effector
caspases (caspases 3, 6, and 7), culminating in apoptosis, an essential process for maintaining
cellular balance and eliminating damaged cells. Identifying saponins in the context of cancer and
their mechanisms of action is an ever-evolving field. Future research may lead to more targeted and
personalized therapies, highlighting the collaboration between basic and clinical research in this
promising area of medicine.
ANALISIS PENGARUH PENYERTAAN MODAL DAN LABA BUMD TERHADAP PENDAPATAN ASLI DAERAH DI PROVINSI JAWA TENGAH
Authors: Yahya Carissa Marisa , Wildan Syafitri
Published: October 2024

Central Java is a province in Indonesia that has the highest number of Regional-Owned Enterprises (BUMD), ideally can serve as an alternative source of revenue beyond taxes to increase the Original Regional Income (PAD). However, there are several challenges in the management of BUMD, particularly with the phenomenon of the COVID-19 pandemic having a significant impact on BUMD's revenue. The purpose of this research is to determine the effect of capital participation and BUMD profit on Original Regional Income (PAD) in the Districts/Cities of Central Java Province, using government investment theory and Regional-Owned Enterprises (BUMD) theory along with related regulations. The sample used is 35 Districts/Cities in Central Java province during the period 2018 to 2022. The research method used is panel data regression using Stata 14 software. This study used two control variables, Population and GDP Per Capita, with dummy variable COVID-19. The research finding that capital participation does not significant effect on original regional income, meanwhile BUMD profit has a significant positive effect on original regional income in the Districts/Cities of Central Java Province from 2018 to 2022.
Penerapan Machine Learning dalam Aplikasi Penjualan Produk Secara Online (Studi Pada Mitra Gobiz di Kota Malang)
Authors: Ridho Zamrudhi Akhlul , Firmanto Yuki
Published: October 2024

This study aims to determine the application of machine learning on Gobiz merchant application, employing phenomenological qualitative approach. Data are collected from interviews and document studies, and analyzed by PIECES methodwith Information System Success Model (ISSM) analysis as an indicator of its assessment. The results of this study exhibit that the application of machine learning on Gobiz application is fairly good, including stable performance, availability of information and recommendations, supporting economic aspects, security, efficiency and adequate service, making Gobiz the priority application for businessowners in selling their products online.
 
Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana penerapan machine learning pada salah satu aplikasi penjualan produk secara online, yakni Gobiz. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah wawancara dan studi dokumen. Metode yang digunakan yaitu metode PIECES dengan analisis Information System Susscess Model (ISSM) sebagai indikator penilaiannya. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penerapan machine learning pada aplikasi Gobiz sudah cukup baik, yakni mencakup kestabilan performa, ketersediaan informasi dan rekomendasi, pendukung aspek ekonomi, keamanan, efisiensi dan pelayanan yang memadai. Hal ini yang menjadikan Gobiz menjadi aplikasi prioritas bagi para pemilik usaha dalam menjual produknya secara online.
Value Relevance of Fair Value of Financial Assets Among Indonesia Banking Companies
Authors: Farhan Hariadi Pratama  , Subekti Imam
Published: October 2024

This research aims to prove the value relevance of share price which are linked to Earning Per share and Book Value per share. Moderated by the fair value of financial assets. This research employs a quantitative approach. The population in this study are banking company listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). This research use banking companies as the sample, taking 68 observable data with a total sample size of 34 companies within 2 years of observation from 2021 to 2022 are collected from documentation of the annual reports.  This study used the method of multiple linear regression.  Within this research, it shows that earnings per share and book value per share have a positive and significant  effect on share prices. Then, the fair value of financial assets can strengthen the effect of earnings per share and book value per share on share prices.
 
Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan relevansi nilai terhadap harga saham yang diukut dengan Earning Per share dan Book Value per share serta dimoderasi oleh nilai wajar aset keuangan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah perusahaan perbankan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI). Penelitian ini menggunakan perusahaan perbankan sebagai sampel, mengambil 68 data yang dapat diobservasi dengan jumlah sampel 34 perusahaan dalam 2 tahun pengamatan dari 2021 sampai 2022 dikumpulkan dari dokumentasi berupa laporan tahunan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode regresi linier berganda. Dalam penelitian ini, menunjukkan bahwa earning per share dan book value per share berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap harga saham. Lalu, Nilai wajar aset keuangan dapat memperkuat pengaruh earning per share dan book value per share terhadap harga saham.
The Association Between COVID-19 Vaccination Uptake and Information-Seeking Behaviors Using the Internet: Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Taira Kazuya , Shiomi Misa , Nakabe Takayo , Imanaka Yuichi
Published: October 2024

Background

The COVID-19 pandemic, declared in March 2020, profoundly affected global health, societal, and economic frameworks. Vaccination became a crucial tactic in combating the virus. Simultaneously, the pandemic likely underscored the internet’s role as a vital resource for seeking health information. The proliferation of misinformation on social media was observed, potentially influencing vaccination decisions and timing.

Objective

This study aimed to explore the relationship between COVID-19 vaccination rates, including the timing of vaccination, and reliance on internet-based information sources in Japan.

Methods

Using a cross-sectional study design using a subset of panel data, this nationwide survey was conducted in 7 waves. A total of 10,000 participants were randomly selected through an internet survey firm, narrowing down to 8724 after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria. The primary outcome was the COVID-19 vaccination date, divided into vaccinated versus unvaccinated and early versus late vaccination groups. The main exposure variable was the use of internet-based information sources. Control variables included gender, family structure, education level, employment status, household income, eligibility for priority COVID-19 vaccination due to pre-existing medical conditions, and a health literacy scale score. Two regression analyses using generalized estimating equations accounted for prefecture-specific correlations, focusing on vaccination status and timing. In addition, chi-square tests assessed the relationship between each information source and vaccination rates.

Results

Representing a cross-section of the Japanese population, the regression analysis found a significant association between internet information seeking and higher vaccination rates (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.42 for those younger than 65 years; aOR 1.66 for those aged 65 years and older). However, no significant link was found regarding vaccination timing. Chi-square tests showed positive associations with vaccination for television, government web pages, and web news, whereas blogs and some social networking sites were negatively correlated.

Conclusions

Internet-based information seeking is positively linked to COVID-19 vaccination rates in Japan, underscoring the significant influence of online information on public health decisions. Nonetheless, certain online information sources, including blogs and some social networks, negatively affected vaccination rates, warranting caution in their use and recognition. The study highlights the critical role of credible online sources in public health communication and the challenge of combating misinformation on less regulated platforms. This research sheds light on how the digital information landscape influences health behaviors, stressing the importance of accurate and trustworthy health information amidst global health emergencies.
Simulación quirúrgica en modelos biológicos porcinos en la formación de residentes de cirugía cardiotorácica
Authors: Sierra Fernández Carlos Rafael , Suárez Bravo María Fernanda , Hernández Mejía Iván , Juárez Hernández Alejandro , Castillo Romero César , Sánchez Pacheco Jesús
Published: October 2024

Introducción: Los planes de residencia médica quirúrgicos enfrentan el dilema de los métodos de enseñanza tradicionales, que promueven la adquisición de habilidades y competencias por medio de prácticas “in vivo”. Al día de hoy, el proceso de aprendizaje para la práctica quirúrgica de la cirugía cardiaca no ha logrado consolidarse totalmente. El desarrollo de nuevas estrategias de enseñanza es necesario para la evolución de los planes de entrenamiento. Una opción viable es generar programas de simulación en modelos biológicos que se sumen a los planes de enseñanza tradicionales.
Objetivo: Evaluar el impacto en el desarrollo de habilidades quirúrgicas de un programa de aprendizaje estructurado de técnicas de cirugía cardiaca en modelos biológicos porcinos en un grupo de residentes de cirugía cardiotorácica.
Método: Se implementó un programa de simulación quirúrgica en modelos biológicos porcinos conformado por 20 sesiones teórico-prácticas, simulando la interacción entre cirujano y primer ayudante dentro de quirófano, guiados por un tutor y dos instructores. Se realizó una evaluación y análisis sobre el impacto del programa, en el desarrollo de habilidades y conocimientos adquiridos, al inicio y al término del programa.
Resultados: Se realizaron 20 prácticas durante el ciclo académico, con 10 médicos residentes participantes, observándose una evolución favorable en las habilidades motrices de los asistentes evaluados al finalizar el programa, con una media en la calificación inicial de 18.8 (DS ±4.686), que evolucionó a 27.3 (DS ±2.003) de un total de 30 puntos al final del programa.
Discusión: Con base en la evaluación del programa, se observó una mejoría en las habilidades quirúrgicas obtenidas por los médicos residentes.
Conclusiones: El aprendizaje por simulación implica un proceso de práctica segura para los residentes y pacientes, que tiene un impacto positivo en el desarrollo de habilidades motrices.
Factores asociados a la publicación científica en estudiantes de medicina colombianos
Authors: Franco-Ramírez Juan-Darío , Álvarez-Escobar Sergio , Taborda-Cardona Tatiana , Prado-Echeverry Julio Andrés , Alzate-Piedrahita John Alexander
Published: October 2024

Introducción: En Latinoamérica es significativamente bajo el número de estudiantes que participa de manera activa en proyectos fuera de los ofrecidos por su currículo y mucho menor el número de estudiantes que se encuentra en grupos o semilleros dedicados a la investigación.
Objetivo: Identificar las dinámicas en el contexto del desarrollo de una investigación y publicación científica en una población de estudiantes de pregrado de medicina en Colombia.
Métodos: Estudio de corte transversal en el que se utilizó una encuesta autoaplicada sobre intereses en la investigación y número de publicaciones a distintos estudiantes de medicina en todo el país.
Resultados: Se realizaron 235 encuestas, el 60.9% correspondieron al sexo femenino; la media de edad fue de 21.1 años; la media de semestre fue de 6.64 semestres cursados; la moda fue 6 semestres cursados; y la media de publicaciones fue de 0.5 publicaciones por estudiante encuestado. Se evaluaron estudiantes de 31 universidades distintas a lo largo de Colombia, de las cuales el 58.3% fue de carácter público. El 28.9% de los encuestados tenía algún tipo de publicación científica. Se encontró asociación entre publicación y mayor edad (p = 0.003), mayor semestre académico (p < 0.001), pertenecer a una sociedad científica de estudiantes de medicina (p = 0.004), tener un manuscrito en proceso de publicación (p < 0.001), sexo masculino (p < 0.010) y presentar un trabajo de investigación en un congreso (p < 0.001). Dentro de las dificultades para publicación, destaca la ausencia de asesoría por parte de un docente, debido a alta carga académica.
Conclusión: El número de estudiantes que se involucran en procesos de investigación es bajo, se necesita un cambio de enfoque desde el pregrado de medicina que estimule la participación de estudiantes en investigación y desarrollo científico.
Prevalencia de procrastinación académica, manifestaciones y factores asociados al iniciar la carrera de medicina
Authors: López Portillo Armando , Morales Soto Andrés
Published: October 2024

Introducción: Al ingresar a la carrera de medicina, los alumnos experimentan situaciones potencialmente estresantes que los ponen en alto riesgo de procrastinación académica (PA), la cual es una tendencia a aplazar las tareas, misma que les genera malestar emocional y se relaciona con bajo rendimiento escolar.
Objetivo: Establecer la prevalencia de PA, sus manifestaciones y los factores asociados en alumnos de nuevo ingreso a la carrera de medicina.
Método: Encuesta transversal analítica, entre septiembre y noviembre de 2023, 124 estudiantes de medicina que cursaban propedéutica en ciclos básicos respondieron dos formularios en línea: el MHCA para evaluar PA y el SISCO para estrés académico (EA), más la escala de nivel socioeconómico (NSE) y otra con factores psicológicos y de personalidad (FPP).
Resultados: Con nivel muy alto de PA resultaron 27% de los alumnos, más de la mitad dejaban a última hora sus actividades escolares, se distraían fácilmente con redes sociales, se sentían cansados y no estaban motivados; con EA resultaron 32%. El mejor modelo multivariado para explicar la PA incluyó NSE alto (OR = 0.132, IC95% 0.021-0.826, p = 0.030), falta de responsabilidad (OR = 6.73, IC95% 2.35-19.3, p < 0.0001), falta de energía (OR = 4.75, IC95% 1.46-15.477, p = 0.010) y factores estresantes (OR = 4.62, IC95% 1.68-12.68, p = 0.003). Con la herramienta para análisis de datos cualitativos se concluyó que adaptarse a un nuevo sistema de educación les generaba estrés y ansiedad, necesitaban apoyo de sus profesores y les piden cambios en su forma de actuar.
Conclusiones: La PA es prevalente al iniciar la carrera, se manifiesta con sentimientos negativos por retrasar compromisos, falta de energía y desmotivación, se asoció a NSE, EA y FPP. Identificar los factores asociados la PA ayudará a planear estrategias para prevenirla y superarla. Los profesores involucrados en la formación de futuros médicos podrían cambiar sus métodos para ayudarlos a mejorar su rendimiento escolar.
O Polè: Antropologia e Feitiço em Sala de Aula
Authors: Munzanzu Carla Ramos , Barboza Myrian Sá Leitão
Published: October 2024

O artigo tem como objetivo apresentar e analisar duas experiências de sala de aula dos cursos de antropologia e arqueologia da Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará. O contexto em que essas experiências se desenrolam é marcado pela sobreposição de uma política de governo baseada na explicitação brutal do racismo contra a população negra e indígena, que resultou numa gestão trágica da Pandemia da Covid-19 causando a morte de 600 mil pessoas, e de ataques diretos às universidades públicas. Ainda assim, não interrompemos o nosso “trabalho” cotidiano de entrar em nossas salas de aula, mesmo as virtuais, com a disposição para criar comunidades e montar estratégias para desafiar a ordem anti-negra e racista vigente. O artigo é uma composição da escrita sensível de duas amigas educadoras que se conheceram no front dentro da Universidade. Os relatos que seguem foram elaborados à luz da tese de Conceição Evaristo sobre a “escrevivência”. Por isso, a centralidade do relato livre, que teoriza e dialoga com um acervo de ideias e referenciais epistemológicos próprios de um pensamento negro transatlântico, com essa base de reflexão utilizamos a categoria “feitiço” e a ideia de “epistemologias do transe”.
ESTUDO DE CASO: VALORIZAÇÃO DA ÁREA DE CUSTOMER EXPERIENCE (CX) EM UM GRANDE BANCO DE INVESTIMENTOS BRASILEIRO
Authors: Campalle Gustavo Curti Alves , Barros Neto João Pinheiro de
Published: October 2024

A experiência do cliente e forma como se realiza o contato com as empresas, seja na questão da usabilidade de seus serviços e aplicativos ou até mesmo sobre o atendimento vem se tornando cada vez mais presente e de forma importante dentro do cotidiano por conta do crescimento da exigência dos consumidores. As empresas devem pensar em diferentes formas de atuação para garantir a fidelidade deles, pois oferecer somente preço interessante e qualidade padrão não diferencia o produto ou serviço, dessa forma, o trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo de conhecer a importância que a área de Customer Experience (CX) pode ter no negócio e todo valor que ela pode gerar, seja em processos, melhorias, valor financeiro e resultados contemplando outras áreas da empresa. Para validar essa questão foi utilizado um questionário e entrevista com os colaboradores do banco a fim de garantir diferentes visões sobre como esse setor pode influenciar a empresa como um todo, principalmente na questão de trazer mais clientes e garantir insumos para melhoria geral do processo e jornada dos usuários. Observou-se que a problematização foi comprovada pois o procedimento de atuação da área traz melhoras contínuas para o banco e vem se provando cada vez mais necessária para garantir a qualidade e fidelização dos clientes.
Una vida para la Libertad: Lou Andreas-Salomé, musa de Nietzsche, Rilke y Freud
Authors: Belgrano Mateo
Published: October 2024

El libro Una vida para la libertad. Lou Andreas-Salomé. Musa de Nietzsche, Rilke y Freud (2023) pretende abrir una fisura en el inconmovible canon filosófico donde predominan las figuras masculinas. Desde esta grieta podemos acercarnos a la filósofa y psicoanalista rusa Luíza Gustávovna Salomé, más conocida como Lou Andreas-Salomé (1861-1937), por mucho tiempo olvidada por la tradición. El texto recopila las conferencias de María Gabriela Rebok-Holz, María Virginia Casaurang, Silvia L. de Olaso, Zulema Pugliese y Graciela L. Ritacco de Gayoso dictadas entre abril y mayo de 2022 que buscan rescatar del olvido a la pensadora rusa. El objetivo de estas investigaciones es reivindicar la labor original de esta intelectual y analizar la influencia que ejerció en autores como Friedrich Nietzsche, Rainer María Rilke y Sigmund Freud. Estos tres serán los grandes interlocutores que estructuran el trabajo.