bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Economic shocks and the growth of the Ghanaian cocoa industry from 1975 to 2019
Authors: Benneh Esther Yaa , Anaman Kwabena Asomanin
Published: October 2022

In this study, we sought to identify some economic shocks that have affected the Ghanaian cocoa industry and the effects of these shocks based on available annual data over the 45-year period from 1975 to 2019. The analysis was conducted using a simple autoregressive model of the cocoa industry. The results of the analysis indicated that the major economic shocks affecting the cocoa industry in Ghana were political instability arising from military coups, producer price shock linked to very high producer prices, the La Cote d’Ivoire civil wars between 2002 to 2007, and 2010 to 2011, which resulted in large-scale smuggling of cocoa beans across the border to Ghana for sale, and the El Nino weather shock characterized by severe droughts and very low amounts of rainfall, which dampened the production of cocoa beans in Ghana. The negative shocks were the El Nino weather phenomenon and political instability. The positive shocks were the very high producer prices and La Cote d’Ivoire civil war. We suggest some recommendations. These include increased resourcing of the Ghana Meteorological Agency to improve its prediction of extreme weather effects whose occurrence affect the production of crops such as cocoa, the establishment of bigger price stabilization funds by the Ghana Cocoa Board to support the cocoa industry, and research studies to analyse the apparent link between dramatic drop in cocoa production and explosive depreciation of the Ghanaian currency, the Ghana cedi.
Herodotus’ Perspective on the Persian Empire
Authors: Harrison Thomas
Published: October 2022

This paper reviews the different models commonly used in understanding Herodotus’evidence on the Achaemenid Persian empire. It suggests that these approaches—for example, the assessment of Herodotus’accuracy, of the level of his knowledge, or of his sympathy for the Persians—systematically underestimate the complexity of his (and of the Greeks’) perspective on the Persian empire: the conflicted perspective of a participant rather than just a detached observer.
Honoring the King in the Seleukid and Ptolemaic Empires: A Comparative Approach. Part 1
Authors: Lorber Catharine
Published: October 2022

Cultic and other honors offered to rulers by their subjects unambiguously express loyalty to the rulers. Based on data collected for the Seleukid and Ptolemaic empires, a comparison is offered emphasizing the particular qualities of the Seleukid record. The comparison considers geographic distribution, where the honors fell on a public to private spectrum, the occupations and ethnicities of the subjects who offered honors individually, the intensity of these practices, and changes in the patterns over time. We know in advance that honors for the rulers are weakly attested for the Seleukid east, and even in Koile Syria and Phoinike. Should this reticence be interpreted as a possible indication of tepid support for Seleukid rule in these regions? Alternative explanations or contributing factors include preexisting cultural habits, different royal policies, destruction of evidence by wars and natural disasters, and the unevenness of archaeological exploration.
The “Seal of Rodogune” from Parthian Nisa
Authors: Invernizzi Antonio
Published: October 2022

The name of Rodogune was not applied only to the well known statuette of Aphrodite Anadyomene from Parthian Nisa, but also to a seal impressed on a sealing from the Nisa Square House. Although the attribution of the seal, unlike that of the statuette, was not discussed in detail, the portrait depicted on it was recognized as that of the Arsacid princess. Actually, the head is not female, but male, and can in all likelihood be that of Apollo with a laurel wreath. The style of execution suggests a relatively late date for the seal, not before the end of the 1st century BC –1st century AD, and allows its impression to be included in the general group of sealings from the Square House of Nisa.
Frienemies de l’Antiquité: Aristide et Thémistocle vus par Plutarque
Authors: Visonà Lucia
Published: October 2022

In the Parallel Lives, Aristides and Themistocles are two antithetical characters. This opposition, already present in Herodotus’work and common to the literary tradition of the Persian wars, is particularly emphasized by Plutarch who shapes two characters endowed with opposing character traits who adopt completely different behaviors towards friends or wealth. This profound contrast is intended to highlight the collaboration between the two Athenians, ready to put aside personal differences to devote themselves together to the war against the Persians. The episode of reconciliation is in fact located, unlike other sources (Aristotle, Diodorus), before the battle of Salamis. However, Aristides and Themistocles do not limit themselves to settling their differences : they also take on the role of mediators during the war in order to address the disagreements between Athens and the other Greek cities and avoid hindering the common struggle against the barbarians. To do this, Plutarch adapts some passages of Herodotus (directly or by choosing sources that made such changes) to insert the protagonists of the Lives and create a climate of tension that they can happily resolve. His authorial choices appear consistent with the criticisms against Herodotus in De Herodoti Malignitate. The reflection about the Persian wars in Plutarch’s corpus seems therefore to be animated by a coherent vision, born from the tradition elaborated by the Attic orators in the fourth century : the conflict is seen as a privileged moment of the union between the Greeks, capable of overcoming the almost endemic rivalries that oppose them in view of the common good.
,Lernen aus Niederlagen‘ und ,Schwächediskurse‘? Oder doch nur „aut vincere aut emori“? Bemerkungen zum komplexen Umgang Roms mit militärischen Niederlagen
Authors: Stoll Oliver
Published: October 2022

This article examines defeats and losses as phenomena of an ‘expanded military history’ of Roman History from the Republic to the Principate. It adopts a cultural historical perspective of the military historical phenomenon. “Patterns”and “strategies”are defined, that appear in the sources when dealing with Roman defeats, losses and losers (in particular the commanders or even the emperor himself). Above, the historiography of the Roman imperial period is exemplary examined to see what reasons, interpretations or explanations are given there for suffering a defeat and whether and how these are part of narrative strategies. Sometimes military catastrophes simply were concealed, belittled or reinterpreted. How Rome dealt with defeat tells something about Rome’s society and especially the elite: “Roman culture”or “Rome’s political culture” shaped the way how the military phenomenon of defeat was dealt with. Defeats could also be seen as chances for future victories, they were good for learning and examples for withstanding with the help of morale and disciplina. In the end Rome’s strategies in dealing with such catastrophic events of ‘military history’overall seem to paint the picture of Rome as a resilient socio-political and military system!
The Bones of Khosrow: The Sacred Topography of Ctesiphon
Authors: Daryaee Touraj
Published: October 2022

This essay discusses the importance of Ctesiphon in the historical and literary tradition of Sasanian and Post-Sasanian Iran. It is proposed that there was a significant buildup of the Ctesiphon’s defenses in the third century that it made its conquest by the Roman Empire impossible and its gave it an aura of impregnability. By the last Sasanian period the city was not only inhabited by Iranian speaking people and a capital, but it also became part of Iranian lore and tradition, tied to mythical Iranian culture-heroes and kings. Even with the fall of the Sasanian Empire, in Arabic and Persian poetry the grandeur and memory of Ctesiphon was preserved as part of memory of the great empires of the past.
Twitter Platformundan Elde Edilen Türkçe Saldırgan Dil Derlemi
Authors: ŞAHİNER YILMAZ Şeyma , ÖZER İlyas , GÖKÇEN Hadi
Published: October 2022

Sosyal medya platformlarında kullanıcıların paylaşımlar arasında saldırgan dil barındıran içeriklerin önemli oranda arttığı gözlemlenmiştir. Çalışma Türkçe dilinde bu sorunun çözümüne katkı sağlamayı amaçlamaktadır. Bu çalışmada Twitter platformundan elde edilen bir veri seti oluşturulmuştur. 14752 Türkçe tweet metninden oluşan bu veri seti etiketleyiciler tarafından manuel olarak etiketlenmiştir. Buna ek olarak oluşturulan veri seti kullanılarak LSTM (Long ShortTerm Memory) ve GRU (Gated Recurrent Units) modellerinin sınıflandırma performansları karşılaştırılmıştır. Çalışmada ikili ve çoklu sınıflandırma yapılmıştır. Saldırgan dil ile ilgili Türkçe için çoklu sınıflandırma yapılan ilk çalışmadır. Bunlara ek olarak Twitter platformundan 1 milyon 860 bin tweet metninden oluşan genişletilmiş derlem elde edilmiştir. Burada word2vec yöntemi ile kelime temsilleri elde edilmiştir. Böylelikle genişletilmiş derlem kullanımının sınıflandırma performanslarına katkısı karşılaştırılmıştır. Çalışmada yapılan ikili sınıflandırma da genişletilmiş derlem kullanımıyla en yüksek performans GRU modeli F1-skor değeri %94,49’dur. Bu sebeple çoklu sınıflandırma yapılırken GRU modeli kullanılmıştır. Çoklu sınıflandırmada elde edilen sınıflandırma performans değerleri genişletilmiş derlemin katkısıyla GRU F1-makro değeri %71,97 ve %54,10’dur. Bu alanda Türk dili literatürüne katkı sağlamak amacıyla mevcut çalışmanın veri setleri ve genişletilmiş derlem kelime vektörleri paylaşılacaktır.
NEW CHARACTERIZATIONS FOR SPHERICAL INDICATRICES OF INVOLUTES OF A SPACELIKE CURVE WITH A TIMELIKE BINORMAL IN MINKOWSKI 3-SPACE
Authors: BİLİCİ MUSTAFA , ÇALIŞKAN MUSTAFA
Published: October 2022

In this paper, we study the spherical indicatrices of involutes of a spacelike curve with spacelike binormal. Then we give some important relationships between arc lengths and geodesic curvatures of the spherical indicatrices of involute-evolute curve couple in Minkowski 3-space. Also, we give some important results about curve couple.
APPLICATION OF ADOMIAN DECOMPOSITION, VARIATIONAL ITERATION, AND SERIES SOLUTION METHODS TO ANALYSIS OF INTEGRAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS
Authors: ABBAS TASAWAR , HAQ EHSAN UL , HASSAN QAZI MEHMOOD UL , MAJEED AAQIB , AHMAD BILAL
Published: October 2022

In this paper, the analytical solution of integral equations is presented by using various advance analytical techniques. The comparison between the prososed methods: variational iteration method (VIM), and series solution method (SSM) with the Adomian decomposition equations is given to show the effeficency of these methods. From the Mathematical point of view, the variational iteration method (VIM) is effective, appropriate and easily using to solve the problems. Particularly, the langrange multiplier in variational iteration method plays very importnant role to reduce the computational work of integration. At the end, numerical and graphical results are obtained by using Maple programing.
Expanding the Donor Pool for Liver Transplantation in the Setting of an “Opt-out” Scheme – 3 years after New Legislation
Authors: Lee Victor TW , Yip Chan Chung , Ganpathi Iyer Shridhar , Chang Stephen , Mak Kenneth SW , Prabhakaran K , Madhavan Krishnakumar
Published: October 2022

Introduction: The revised Human Organ Transplant Act (HOTA) was implemented in Singapore in July 2004. We aim to evaluate expanding the potential donor pool for liver transplant in Singapore with the inclusion of marginal donors.

Materials and Methods: All donor referrals between July 2004 and June 2007 were studied. All potential deceased liver donors were heart-beating. After being reviewed by the transplant coordinator, potential donors were assessed by a transplant hepatologist and a transplant surgeon for suitability of organ donation strictly based on the programme’s donor assessment protocol. Reasons for rejection as potential donors were documented. The clinical characteristics of all donor referrals were retrospectively reviewed, and an independent decision was made as to whether liver retrieval in each rejected case might have been possible.

Results: Among the 128 potential donor referrals, 20 donors (15.6%) underwent liver retrieval. Of the 20 livers retrieved, 16 were implanted and 4 were not implanted (3 unfit recipients, and 1 donor liver with 40% steatosis). Another 10 donor livers were assessed intraoperatively and were rejected because of varying levels of steatosis. Of these livers assessed, 5 donor livers had steatosis <40% and 5 had steatosis >40%. Of the remaining potential donors, 45 were deemed not possible because of prolonged hypotension (9), on-going or unresolved sepsis (13), high-risk behaviour (4), non-actualisation (8), or pre-existing medical conditions (11). Another 53 donors may potentially have been suitable donors but were rejected because of possible sepsis (13), no suitable recipients (12), transient hypotension (10), transient abnormal liver function test (6), history of alcohol ingestion (5), non-actualisation because of consent (4) and other reasons (3). Overall, it was deemed that 61 donors (47.7%) might potentially have been suitable liver donors.

Conclusions: Despite new legislation (HOTA) in Singapore, the utilisation of cadaveric donor livers showed no increase in the last 3 years. By expanding our donor criteria to include marginal donors, we could potentially increase the availability of deceased donor livers to meet our waiting list demands.

Key words: Liver transplant, Marginal livers, New legislation, Opt-out scheme
Liver Transplantation in Asia: Past, Present and Future
Authors: Ng Kelvin K , Lo Chung Mau
Published: October 2022

With the technical advances and improvements in perioperative management and immunosuppressants, liver transplantation is the standard treatment for patients with end-stage liver diseases. In Asia, a shortage of deceased donor liver grafts is the universal problem to be faced with in all transplant centres. Many surgical innovations are then driven to counteract this problem. This review focuses on 3 issues that denote the development of liver transplantation in Asian countries. These include living donor liver transplantation (LDLT), split liver transplantation (SLT) and liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Minimal graft weight, types of liver graft to donate and the inclusion of the middle hepatic vein with the graft are the main issues to be established in LDLT. The rapid growth and wide dissemination of LDLT has certainly alleviated the supply-and-demand problem of liver grafts in Asia. SLT is another attractive approach. Technical expertise, donor selection and graft allocation are the main determinants for its success. Liver transplantation plays a key role in the management of HCC in Asia. LDLT would be the main strategy in this aspect. The issue of extending the selection criteria for HCC patients for LDLT is still controversial. On the whole, future developments to increase the donor pool for the expanding recipient need in Asia would involve transplantation from non-heart beating donor and ABO incompatible transplantation.
Pathophysiology and Animal Models of Schizophrenia
Authors: Dawe Gavin S , Hwang Ern Huei Joel , Tan Chay Hoon
Published: October 2022

Animal models of schizophrenia are important for research aimed at developing improved pharmacotherapies. In particular, the cognitive deficits of schizophrenia remain largely refrac- tory to current medications and there is a need for improved medications. We discuss the pathophysiology of schizophrenia and in particular the possible mechanisms underlying the cognitive deficits. We review the current animal models of schizophrenia and discuss the extent to which they meet the need for models reflecting the various domains of the symptomatology of schizophrenia, including positive symptoms, negative symptoms and cognitive symptoms.

Key words: Animal models, Pharmacotherapy, Schizophrenia
Genetics of Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders: Looking Back and Peering Ahead
Authors: So Hon-Cheong , Chen Eric YH , Sham Pak C
Published: October 2022

The genetics of schizophrenia spectrum disorders have come a long way since the early demonstration of a substantial genetic component by family, twin and adoption studies. After over a decade of intensive molecular genetic studies, initially by linkage scans and candidate gene association studies, and more recently genome-wide association studies, a picture is now emerging that susceptibility to schizophrenia spectrum disorders is determined by many genetic variants of different types, ranging from single nucleotide polymorphisms to copy number variants, including rare and de novo variants, of pleiotropic effects on multiple diagnoses and traits. Further large-scale genome-wide association studies, and the forthcoming availability of affordable whole-genome sequencing technology, will further characterise the genetic variants involved, which in turn will be translated to improved clinical practice.

Key words: Copy number variation, Genome-wide association, Linkage
Kripto Paralar Arasında Getiri ve Risk Açısından Nedensellik İlişkisi
Authors: POLAT Müslüm , KARAKAYA Oktay
Published: October 2022

Çalışmanın temel amacı; son on yıla damga vuran kripto paralar arasındaki getiri ve risk açısından nedensellik ilişkisini tespit etmektir. Bu amaçla piyasa değeri en yüksek 10 kripto paradan en fazla verisi bulunan Bitcoin, Ethereum, Litecoin, Stellar, Ripple arasında 10 model oluşturulmuş ve her model, Granger nedensellik ve Hafner-Herwatz varyansta nedensellik testleri test edilmiştir. Çalışmada 23 Şubat 2017 ile 18 Haziran 2021 tarihleri arasındaki günlük verilerden oluşan 1577 gözlem kullanılmıştır. Nedensellik analizi sonuçlarına göre seçili kripto paralar arasında ortalamada Ethereum - Litecoin hariç diğer değişkenler arasında Granger nedensellik ilişkisi, varyansta ise Bitcoin - Ethereum ve Bitcoin - Litecoin hariç diğer değişkenler arasında varyansta nedensellik ilişkisi tespit edilmiştir.
Googling Model based on Interactive Multimedia for Elementary School Students
Authors: Aslamiah Aslamiah , Refia Rafianti Wahdah , Cinantya Celia , Amelia Rizky
Published: October 2022

This study aims to develop an interactive multimedia-based Googling learning model for elementary school students in Banjarmasin City. The research method used is Research and Development (R&D). The subject of this study was a Grade IV student at SD Surgi Mufti, Banjarmasin. Data collection techniques through questionnaires, observations, and tests. The data analysis technique used is a descriptive analysis using tables and graphs. The feasibility testing results of this interactive multimedia-based googling learning model product are categorized as feasible because the effects of media validation testing, materials, and individual and small group tests show excellent categories. In terms of practicality, the development of this learning model is categorized as very good because the score category of learning implementation results and learning activities of class students has a range between 3.5–4.0. Googling model can train and develop students' ability to think critically, become more active and passionate in learning, and train student cooperation in discussions. The interactive multimedia-based googling model clarifies the presentation of the material, overcomes the limitations of space, time, and sensory power, and can overcome students' passive attitudes.
Implementasi Pendekatan Scaffolding Berbantuan Web 2.0 Pada Konsep Momen Gaya
Authors: Sarah Lia Laela
Published: October 2022

Dalam penelitian ini telah diimplementasikan pendekatan scaffolding berbantuan Web 2.0 dalam pembelajaran fisika pada konsep momen gaya. Tahapan pendekatan scaffolding dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari sense making, process management, articulation and reflection. Tahapan ini dijabarkan dalam bahan ajar berbasis Web 2.0 berupa simulasi aplikasi Scratch dan articulate storyline yang terintegrasi dalam google site pada konsep momen gaya. Untuk mengetahui peningkatan hasil belajar, digunakan mètode quasi eksperimen one group pretèst postest dengan anàlisis signifikansi uji t skor pretèst dan postest serta anàlisis efektivitas pembelajaran berdasarkan normalized gain score. Sedangkan untuk mengetahui aktivitas peserta didik selama pembelajaran digunakan mètode observasi dan penilaian portofolio. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan aktivitas peserta didik selama pembelajaran sangat baik dan seluruh peserta didik berhasil menyelesaikan pembelajaran momen gaya meskipun waktu penyelesaian berbeda-beda. Ada pun hasil analisis signifikansi uji t antara skor pretèst dan postest menunjukan hasil belajar peserta didik mengalami peningkatan yang signifikan dengan thitung lebih besar dari ttabel. Sedangkan efektivitas pembelajarannya pada kategori tinggi dengan gain skor ternormalisasi sebesar 0,70. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa pendekatan scaffolding berbantuan Web 2.0 dapat menjadi alternatif dalam pembelajaran fisika pada konsep momen gaya yang mampu meningkatkan hasil belajar dan aktivitas peserta didik.
Assessment of occupational a priori health risk at the workplace
Authors: Meltser Alexander V. , Yakubova Irek Sh. , Erastova Natalya V. , Kropot Anna I.
Published: October 2022

Introduction. The results of the occupational risk assessment are additional to a special assessment of the working conditions for obtaining quantitative information on the likelihood of developing health disorders. Occupational risk models have not been approved yet, and the proposed approach allowed assessing a priori risk from various harmful factors and conditions, predicting workload, and elevating the effectiveness of preventive measures. Materials and Methods. The assessment of a priori occupational risk from exposure to noise, chemicals and stress-related risk factors was performed at the workshop No. 1 of the oil refinery «KINEF» LLC using the proven models. The results of studies and measurement, conducted in 2020 within the special assessment of working conditions, were used as an input data. Results. The levels of occupational risk caused by exposure to a chemical factor did not reach values significant for the development of occupational disease, regardless of service length. The levels of occupational risk from exposure to noise at individual workplaces formed a risk level significant for the development of occupational diseases with the work experience of more than 30 and 40 years. At individual workplaces, the risk associated with the work intensity is relevant for the work experience of more than 20 years. There were identified persons whose professional experience allows determining the risk levels significant for the development of occupational diseases. Limitations. The limitations of the study are uncertainties associated with conducting a special assessment of the working conditions. Conclusion. Occupational risk assessment makes it possible to supplement the existing approaches with a quantitative assessment of the probable damage to workers health, to identify the vulnerable groups of employees, to determine the length of service considering the exposure factors.
Neurohumoral regulation under exposure to vibration and physical overloads
Authors: Lapko Inna V. , Zheglova Alla V. , Klimkina Kristina V. , Bogatyreva Inessa A.
Published: October 2022

Introduction. In response to the action of various occupational factors, central regulatory mechanisms, including the hypothalamus, are involved. Clarification of the influence of the hypothalamus on the indicators of peripheral blood circulation, peripheral innervation and bone metabolism under the influence of vibration and physical overloads is relevant for the diagnosis and treatment of occupational diseases of a neurological profile. The aim of the study. To establish the relationship between hypothalamic disorders and functional indicators of occupational diseases of the peripheral nervous system under the influence of vibration and physical overloads. Material and methods. One hundred fifteen tunnellers and machinists of the drilling rig of JSC “KMAruda Combine”, 26 tunnellers of the drainage mine of JSC “Stoilensky Mining and Processing Plant”, 65 workers of auxiliary occupations were examined. Depending on the influencing factor, they were divided into four groups with occupational neurological pathology, the fifth group was control Examined cases were divided into subgroups: A - without hypothalamic disorders and B - with hypothalamic syndrome. The criteria for the diagnosis of hypothalamic syndrome are clinical. All the examined patients underwent rheovasography, stimulation electroneuromyography of the extremities, ultrasound densitometry. Results. It was found that in patients with vibration disease from the effects of local or general vibration, especially when combined with lumbosacral radiculopathy during rheovasography, there are decrements in pulse blood filling, changes in vascular tone in vessels of various calibers and venous dysfunction, which are aggravated against the background of hypothalamic disorders. Hypothalamic disorders contribute to the aggravation of peripheral nerve indices: a decrease in the amplitude of the M-response, the rate of propagation of excitation along sensory axons and an increase in the value of residual latency. Functional assessment of bone tissue revealed the greatest prevalence of osteopenia syndrome in patients with vibration disease and its combined forms with lumbosacral radiculopathy in subgroups with hypothalamic-pituitary dysfunction (up to 33.6%). The frequency of detected functional disorders was established to increase with the progression of occupational diseases. Limitations. The study was conducted in workers with neurological occupational diseases exposed to vibration and physical overloads. Conclusions. Neurohumoral disorders, manifested by hypothalamic syndrome caused by exposure to general and local vibration in combination with physical overloads, contribute to the development or aggravation of functional changes in the body of workers, aggravating the course of occupational diseases of the peripheral nervous system, which can be used to develop diagnostic and treatment methods, and study the pathogenesis of diseases.
Assessment of Internal Control Practices on Financial Performance of State Corporations in Kenya
Authors: Mrima Robert , Ronald Martin
Published: October 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the influence of internal control practices on financial performance of state corporations in Kenya. State corporations have been identified as important drivers in accelerating national growth and2 development as well as2improving delivery of public services. However, their performance has over the years been a2matter of public2concern.

Methodology: The study used descriptive research design. A study population of 561 was collected2and a sample of 234 was selected for the study randomly using Yamane (1967) formula. It involved collection of primary data on segregation of duties, transactional authorization, independent checks, documentation and records. Secondary data was collected as well to assess the performance of the state corporations. Data was obtained randomly from the corporations and analyzed using descriptive statistics and regression analysis and the outcomes were shown through tables.

Findings: Upon analysis of data collected, findings showed that internal control practices significantly influenced the financial performance of state corporations in Kenya. The internal control practices had a significant influence on the financial performance of state corporations.

Unique Contributions to Theory, Practice and Policy: It was concluded that these internal control factors were critical and needed to be embraced so as excellent financial performance of state corporations can be realized. The study recommended that the management should continually assess the risk, monitor control implementation, and modify controls as needed in order to identify and establish effective controls.
Impact of Medical Waste Socialization on Medical Waste Management in Health Services Facilities
Authors: Exposto Levi Anatolia S. M. , Bakta I Made , Wirawan I Made Ady , Sujaya I Nengah
Published: October 2022

It is important to disseminate information about medical waste in health care facilities to provide knowledge and skills for paramedics, patients and the general public so that medical waste generated from each service facility can be managed properly and in accordance with applicable laws. When viewed from the amount of medical waste originating from health facilities, it is estimated that it will increase over time. The reason is that the number of hospitals, health centers, treatment centers, medical laboratories and health clinics is increasing. Thus, the purpose of writing this article is to determine the impact of socialization of medical waste on the handling of medical waste in health care facilities. The method used is Literature Review in a way that is used to collect data or sources related to a particular topic that can be obtained from various sources of English-language international journals sourced from the PubMeb database, Google Schola, Semantic Scholar, Emerald Insight. Search results with keywords Socialization, Medical Waste, Handling, Health Service Facilities found 50 journals that match these keywords. A total of 37 journals from journals found according to the search keywords were then screened, 10 journals were excluded because full text articles were not available. Journals that meet the inclusion range of 5 full text journals are reviewed. So the conclusion is that the dissemination of information in health care facilities is very important in providing knowledge and skills for medical professionals, patients and the general public in managing medical waste.
COMPORTAMENTO DA MALÁRIA EM PACIENTES QUE APARECERAM NO HOSPITAL REGIONAL DA CELA 2022
Authors: Kamalanga Herculano Calandula
Published: October 2022

Malária, também chamada paludismo, impaludismo ou maleita, é uma doença infecciosa transmitida por mosquitos e provocada por protozoários parasitários do género Plasmodium. A doença é geralmente transmitida através da picada de uma fêmea infectada do mosquito Anopheles, a qual introduz no sistema circulatório do hospedeiro os microorganismos presentes na sua saliva. Este estudo apresenta o tema Cuidados de enfermagem em pacientes com Malária. A presente investigação surge como necessidade para a preparação do trabalho de fim do curso, tendo como prioridade a elaboração de uma monografia e a sua defesa pública, permitindo assim a obtenção do grau de técnico médio em enfermagem geral com o regulamento em vigor no Núcleo do Instituto Técnico de Saúde da Cela; Caracterizar o comportamento da Malária nos pacientes internados com diagnóstico da doença no hospital regional da Cela, no período de Maio-Outubro de 2018. O tipo de estudo utilizado para confeição do trabalho foi descritivo, sendo realizada através de pesquisas bibliográficas e trabalho de campo para a recolha de dados; os métodos utilizados foram, métodos matemáticos, teóricos e empíricos; Se conhecermos as causas da malária e ministrar um tratamento adequado, bem como medidas profilácticas, poder-se-á diminuir o nº de óbitos por malária no município da Cela.
‘Organizing professionalism’ - a discussion of library professionals’ roles and competences in co-creation processes
Authors:   Department of Communication, University of Copenhagen, Denmark, Moring Camilla , Schreiber Trine ,   Department of Communication, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
Published: October 2022

Introduction. This paper investigates how co-creation may change the roles and relations between the library professional and citizens, and address what this development means to our understanding of what constitutes professionalism in the library profession as well as discuss the competences needed in order to be able to perform in this facilitating role. Method. This is a conceptual paper discussing selected research on co-creation and professionalism. Three brief examples from public libraries in Norway and Denmark is presented to illustrate how public libraries can facilitate and/or engage themselves in co- creation processes. Analysis. Research on co-creation and the role of professionals in co-creation processes creates together with Mirko Noordegraaf’s (2015) idea of ‘organizing professionalism’ an analytical lens for discussing how co-creation may change the competences needed for library professionals.. Results. The facilitating, relational and personal competences needed for library professionals in co-creation is discussed, and the importance of connections, dealing with conflicting logics and legitimising professional work is highlighted. Conclusions. Organising professionalism provides another perspective on professionalism that brings to our attention, that parts of the knowledge needed in co-creation processes exists and develops in dispersed knowledge networks and therefore cannot only be developed as an individual competence.
Is the public library included? An analysis of local government documentation on the integration of forced migrants in Scotland
Authors:   School of Computing at Edinburgh Napier University, Scotland, Salzano Rachel , Hall Hazel ,   School of Computing at Edinburgh Napier University, Scotland,   Information Studies at Åbo Akademi University, Finland, Webster Gemma ,   School of Computing at Edinburgh Napier University, Scotland, Brazier David ,   School of Computing at Edinburgh Napier University, Scotland
Published: October 2022

Library and information science researchers identify public library roles in the integration of forced migrants into local communities. Here an analysis of formal documentation issued by local authorities allowed for an exploration of public libraries as services to aid the integration of forced migrants in Scotland. In 2021, 23 Scottish local authorities responded to Freedom of Information requests to supply documentation on the integration of forced migrants. Analysis. Inductive thematic analysis was conducted on 141 files. Complete coding resulted in 44 consolidated codes and 4 candidate themes. Scottish local authority documentation primarily records provision for the integration of forced migrants, rather than advocates policy or guidance. The local authorities focus mainly on housing, education, and health, with close attention to the legal context, in efforts to address forced migrant integration needs. Public libraries feature only occasionally in the documentation: as services that support orientation and/or provide leisure facilities. Their potential to contribute to meeting information needs, or supporting literacy and learning, is not considered. The integration of forced migrants is an important priority of Scottish local authorities, but one that does not currently acknowledge the roles that public libraries play in such endeavours.
Digital first: challenges for public and regional libraries in Sweden
Authors:   Swedish School of Library and Information Science (SSLIS), University of Borås, Sweden, Nowé Hedvall Karen , Ögland Malin ,   Swedish School of Library and Information Science (SSLIS), University of Borås, Sweden, Lindberg Jenny ,   Swedish School of Library and Information Science (SSLIS), University of Borås, Sweden
Published: October 2022

Between 2018- 2020, Swedish public library staff were involved in the national project Digital First to strengthen their capability to support citizens in developing digital competencies. In this paper we focus on the challenges that staff and management in public and regional libraries experienced while striving to support people’s development of digital competencies. In 2019 we met with staff and managers of five public libraries in different parts of Sweden for interviews and focus groups. In 2020, 19 online interviews and 18 email questionnaires were carried out with 20 regional coordinators of the Digital First project. The two datasets were combined for a comprehensive analysis, supplemented with data from quarterly reports collected by the national coordinator of Digital First. We conducted a qualitative content analysis guided by the theoretical concepts of institutional logic and legitimacy. On the municipal and the regional level, library staff offered education and support to users in the development of digital skills. The respondents referred to the Swedish Library Act and to their experience of citizens’ information needs to justify the library’s involvement in these activities. However, prospective users seldom experienced a need for competency development, nor did they regard libraries as sources for help with digital skill-building. Other bodies within the municipal organization (e.g. IT departments) were also often ignorant of the library’s remit and area of expertise in digital skills. Tensions were identified among the expectations laid out at a national level in policy documents, the needs that library professionals strived to meet in their local work environments, and the expectations of the public. These tensions have complicated the ongoing efforts to justify the relevance of public and regional library work in Sweden.
Performing information: exploring conceptualisations of embodied information
Authors:   Information School at the University of Sheffield, Williams Laura
Published: October 2022

Embodied information researchers have described bodies as performative. The body forms an important information source for leisure pursuits such as running but bodies remain under- theorised as sources of information. This paper explores how performance theories can contribute new conceptualisations of embodied information practices. A review of information science literature was conducted to identity use of Goffman’s dramaturgical model or descriptions of bodies as performing. Embodied information is conceptualised through analysis of performance theory literature, focusing Goffman’s dramaturgical model. The strengths and limitations of Goffman’s dramaturgy are discussed using examples from embodied information literature. Dramaturgical metaphors, such frontstage and backstage, can explain how individuals perform identity in everyday interactions. Dramaturgical principles can deepen understanding of how bodies create and share embodied information. Goffman’s dramaturgical model can be used to address gaps in understanding about how embodied information is created and shared. The complex theoretical underpinnings of performance should be further examined to develop new conceptualisations of embodied information practices.
Facts and arguments checking: investigating the occurrence of scientific arguments on Twitter
Authors:   Swedish School of Library and Information Science, University of Borås, Sweden, Foderaro Antonella , Gunnarsson Lorentzen David ,   Swedish School of Library and Information Science, University of Borås, Sweden
Published: October 2022

A method for studying use of scientific sources in arguments on Twitter is demonstrated. Data were collected from the Twitter API v. 2.0 using Focalevents, searching for tweets with links to DOIs, and then collecting conversations around these tweets. Analysis. Three conversations on different topics were analysed searching for argumentative behaviour, use of scientific sources, their reliability, consistency and adequacy in relation to the argument and the target audience. Both quantitative and qualitative content analysis based on argumentation theory were applied. The method allowed us to identify scientific publications used argumentatively by a multiple audience in the context of Twitter conversations. The publications were used to build scientific arguments, mainly, but not exclusively, from individual and collegial expert opinion. Scientific findings were often misinterpreted and used improperly to the benefit of the argument. Through the use of argumentation theory to study conversations in a structured way, the paper demonstrates how to approach the usage of scientific publications in arguments. Scientific publications were used to build scientific arguments from different types of expert opinion, for giving proofs for claims and ounter-arguments, and inconsistent or biased arguments from individual expert opinion.
Critical studies of reading: consolidating an emerging field of research
Authors:   Swedish School of Library and Information Science, University of Borås, Sweden, Lundh Anna , Hedemark Åse ,   Department of Archival Studies, Information Studies, and Museum & Heritage Studies, Uppsala University, Sweden, Lindsköld Linnéa ,   Swedish School of Library and Information Science, University of Borås, Sweden
Published: October 2022

This paper introduces an emerging area of research, critical studies of reading, that has been identified and developed by the authors. Seven features of critical studies of reading research are introduced and the paper argues for how this type of research can shed new light on historical and current reading practices and reading activities. Examples of studies with such features within library and information science, as well as neighbouring disciplines are presented. Future directions for critical studies of reading research are outlined, highlighting the possibilities, as well as the challenges for this emerging area of research.
AVRUPA BİRLİĞİNE KATILIM SÜRECİNDE TÜRKİYEDEKİ DEZAVANTAJLI ÇALIŞAN GRUPLARININ İŞ SAĞLIĞI VE GÜVENLİĞİ FAKTÖRLERİNİN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: Akyıldız Cengiz
Published: October 2022

Sanayi devrimi sonrasında bugünkü Avrupa Birliği’nin başat gücünü oluşturan ülkelerde, çalışanların sağlık ve güvenlikleriyle ilgili ciddi kaygılar ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu kaygılar, çalışanların İş Sağlığı ve Güvenliği (İSG) ile ilgili önlemler alınması gerektiğini ortaya koymuştur . Avrupa’daki bu erken dönem uygulamaları ve yasal literatürdeki gelişmeler, günümüzde AB’ni İSG konusunda tüm dünyada örnek ve yararlanılan kaynak haline getirmiştir. Çalışma literatür taraması tekniğiyle yapılmıştır. AB ve Türkiye’deki İSG yasaları, yönetmelikleri, resmi ve özel kurum istatistik çalışmaları ve makale çalışmalarından yararlanılmıştır. Türkiye’de AB katılım süreci çerçevesinde açılan dosyalardan biri olan İSG yasası ve uygulamaları, 10 yıldır kapsamlı olarak ele alınmaktadır. İlerlemeler kaydedilmişse de hedeflerin oldukça gerisinde kalınmıştır. Dezavantajlı çalışan gruplarının İSG faktörleri üzerinde yeterince durulmamıştır. Kabul ve kavramlar konusunda farklılıklar ve eksiklikler vardır. Bununla birlikte mevcut yasa ve yönetmeliklerin sahada uygulanması ve bunların denetlenme mekanizmaları oldukça yetersizdir. Kanun koyucu ve uygulayıcıların çalışanların tümü üzerindeki uygulamalarında olduğu gibi dezavantajlı grupların İSG sorunları da yeterince ele alınmamakta, ilgiyle üzerinde durulmamaktadır. Bu çalışmada AB ve Türkiye’deki dezavantajlı çalışan gruplarına yönelik İSG yasa ve normları ile uygulamalar karşılaştırılmıştır. Yasalar ve uygulamalardaki eksikler saptanmış, yedi dezavantajlı çalışan grubunun her birinin mesleki riskleri, sağlık sonuçları ile politika bağlamı analiz edilmiş ve çözüm önerileri sunulmuştur.
Systematic Review of Comparative Patient Reported Outcomes and Health-Related Quality of Life After Management of Localized Renal Masses or Renal Cell Carcinomas
Authors: Sandbergen Laura , Omar Muhammad Imran , Othman Lavin , van Etten-Jamaludin Faridi , Soytas Mustafa , de la Rosette Jean J. , Laguna M. Pilar
Published: October 2022

Objective: To perform a systematic review assessing the impact of the different management options on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of patients with localized renal masses or renal cell carcinomas (LRM/LRCC).

Materials and Methods: Searches covering PubMed, Embase (Ovid), CENTRAL, PsycINFO (Ovid), CINAHL (EBSCO), and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) databases was conducted for papers published up to 25 April 2021. Methods as per Cochrane Handbook were followed. “Modality” of treatment included radical nephrectomy (RN), nephron-sparing surgery (NSS), thermal ablation (TA), and active surveillance (AS). “Approach” was categorized as open incision and minimally invasive surgery (MIS). Risk of bias was assessed by ROBINS-I and Cochrane RoB 2 for observational studies and randomized controlled trials, respectively and certainty of the evidence by GRADE.

Results: Sixteen observational studies and 1 randomized controlled trial (2.370 patients) met inclusion criteria. Fifteen different patient reported outcome measures (PROMs) were identified. Heterogeneity prevented quantitative analysis.

Generic HRQoL decreases after RN and NSS, recovers within 6 to 12 months, and mostly overlaps with baseline values, irrespective of modality. Cancer-specific HRQoL improve faster after open-NSS than open-RN. The detrimental effect of RN may persist long-term in cross-evaluations. QoL scales significantly decrease after open surgery and MIS during the first weeks but improve faster after MIS. They are similar for both approaches at 1-year. Long-term cancer-specific QoL is similar for MIS and open procedures. Fear of recurrence is lower in older patients and affected by neither modality nor approach.

Conclusions: Low quality evidence supports the use of MIS over the open approach when HRQoL is considered in the management of LRMs/LRCCs; data regarding the effect of the treatment modality of the LRM/LRCC show contradictory outcomes.
The Value of Conflicts of Interest Disclosures in Oral Presentations at Major Urological Conferences
Authors: Le Roux Anique , Touma Naji J.
Published: October 2022

The objective of this study is to assess the value of disclosure slide reporting at major urology conferences. In total, 557 speakers were evaluated from the conferences of the Canadian Urology Association (n = 36), American Urology Association (n = 160), and European Association of Urology (n = 361) in 2020. Overall, 49.0% of speakers had no disclosure slide. Among speakers presenting a disclosure slide, the median number of conflicts was 5, median time spent on the slide was 4.4 seconds, and 34.8% gave context to disclosures. Overall disclosure slide reporting seems inconsistent, and given how little time is spent on them and the lack of contextualization, their value is unclear.