bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Abstract PO-252: Impact of COVID-19 public policies on utilization on cervical cancer screening in Puerto Rico during March 15, 2020 to July 31, 2020
Authors: Gierbolini-Bermúdez Axel , Ortiz-Ortiz Karen , Ramos- Cartagena Jeslie M , Sonawane Kalyani , Colón-Lopez Vivian , Deshmukh Ashish , Ortiz Ana P
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Among jurisdictions of the United States, Puerto Rico (PR) has the highest incidence of cervical cancer, and cervical cancer screening (CCS) is below 80%. Public health emergencies have an impact on people's access to health care services. We examined the impact of the public policy implemented by the government of Puerto Rico during the first 5 months of the COVID-19 pandemic in the utilization of CCS for participants of the Government's Public Health Plan. Methodology: This was a retrospective cohort study. A total of 40 government executive orders (issued between March 15 to July 31, 2020) were analyzed according to the level of restrictions they imposed on the population. Three periods with the greatest restrictions were identified: two of them in the government's initial response phase (March 15-30th & March 31st-April 12th) and one in the re-opening phase (July 17-July 31st). We examined the utilization of all modalities of CCS (pap test only and pap + HPV contesting). Rate ratios (RRs) were estimated to compare to CCS rates during periods of 2020 and compared to 2018-2019. Results: In comparison to 2019, CCS decreased during the most restricted period (March 31st-April 12th) of the response phase (RR= 0.19, 95% CI=0.15-0.24 for women 21-29 years; RR= 0.04 95% CI= 0.03-0.05 for women 30-65 years). During the re-opening phase, screening services started to rebound. However, an increase in COVID-19 cases led to another restriction (July 17-July31st), which led to a second phase of decrease in utilization of CCS (RR=0.17, 95% CI=0.13-0.21 for women 21-29 years (RR= 0.09, 95% CI=0.08-0.10 for women 30-65 years). Conclusion: Our results evidence how the public policy implemented as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic in Puerto Rico had a direct impact on the utilization of CCS services in this Hispanic population. Future studies should examine screening patterns and social barriers of service utilization after July 2020 in Puerto Rico.

Citation Format: Axel Gierbolini-Bermúdez, Karen Ortiz-Ortiz, Jeslie M Ramos- Cartagena, Kalyani Sonawane, Vivian Colón-Lopez, Ashish Deshmukh, Ana P Ortiz. Impact of COVID-19 public policies on utilization on cervical cancer screening in Puerto Rico during March 15, 2020 to July 31, 2020 [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Conference: 14th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2021 Oct 6-8. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022;31(1 Suppl):Abstract nr PO-252.
Abstract PO-267: Demographic and psychosocial predictors of regular chronic hepatitis B monitoring among Asian Americans
Authors: Zhu Lin , Lu Wenyue , Golub Sarit , Tan Yin , Yeh Ming-Chin , Nguyen Minhhuyen T , Handorf Elizabeth , Ma Grace X.
Published: January 2022

Background: Asian Americans are 8-13 times more likely to develop liver cancer caused by chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and experience a 60% higher death rate than non-Hispanic whites. Doctor visitation for CHB monitoring every six months is effective to prevent liver cancer. Methods: This study utilized the baseline data from an ongoing randomized controlled clinical trial aimed at improving long-term adherence to CHB monitoring and treatment. The goal was to examine the association of sociodemographic and psychosocial factors with having a doctor's visit for their CHB in the past 12-months. Eligible Asian American CHB patients were recruited from the Greater Philadelphia Area and New York City. Multivariable logistic regression was conducted to test the associations. Results: The analysis sample consists of 240 participants, among which 74% did not have a college degree, 46% had lower than $20,000 annual household income, 72% had limited English proficiency. Multivariable logistic regression showed that a higher hepatitis B (HBV) knowledge score (OR = 1.24, p < 0.01) and having a regular physician (OR = 3.45, p < .05) were significantly associated with a higher chance of having visited a doctor in the past 6 months for their CHB management. Having health insurance (OR = 4.63, p < .05), a higher knowledge score (OR = 1.29, p < .01), and a higher CHB management motivation score (OR = 1.12, p < .001) were associated with a higher chance of having blood work done in the past 6 months; Vietnamese ethnicity (vs Chinese) and having a college degree (vs not) were associated with a lower chance of testing. Conclusion: Our study found that both sociodemographic and psychosocial factors had significant impacts on CHB management, suggesting that addressing barriers to health care and improving CHB patients' psychosocial status would be effective intervention strategies to promote CHB management and liver cancer prevention among vulnerable Asian Americans with CHB.

Citation Format: Lin Zhu, Wenyue Lu, Sarit Golub, Yin Tan, Ming-Chin Yeh, Minhhuyen T Nguyen, Elizabeth Handorf, Grace X. Ma. Demographic and psychosocial predictors of regular chronic hepatitis B monitoring among Asian Americans [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Conference: 14th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2021 Oct 6-8. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022;31(1 Suppl):Abstract nr PO-267.
Abstract PO-268: Investigating patient barriers to low-dose computed tomography lung cancer screenings among the African American population
Authors: Nguyen Alexander , Zhu Lin , Merceir Ra'Ann , Ma Grace X , Erkmen Cherie P
Published: January 2022

Background Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer death in the United States. Lung cancer screening (LCS) with Low-Dose Computerized Tomography (LDCT) has been found to reduce lung cancer mortality up to 26% and all-cause mortality by 7%. Yet, uptake of LCS is less than 4% among those eligible. African Americans (AAs) have the highest cancer mortality rate and are also more likely to die of lung cancer compared to whites. Furthermore, little research has been done to understand this groups in terms of their knowledge, awareness, and perceptions related to LCS, and the potential barriers or facilitators to LCS. Guided by the Health Believe Models, this study aims to examine the demographic, behavioral, and psychosocial profiles related to LCS in AAs, and identify the predictors to the uptake of LCS with LDCT. Methods We have recruited 200 AA patients eligible for LDCT for a case-control cohort (100 AAs who have completed a LDCT screening and 100 who did not) through the electric medical record of a safety-net hospital. We are currently conducting online and telephone surveys to collect information on participants' personal and family history, health literacy, beliefs, psychosocial factors, patient-provider relationship, knowledge of lung cancer, perception of screening and potential care cost, transportation barriers, and racial discrimination. Results We will conduct descriptive analysis of the sociodemographic characteristics and the modifiable lifestyle behaviors of the participants separately for those who completed LDCT and those who did not. We will then conduct bivariate analysis (chi-square and t-test) to compare various psychosocial and health-related factors by LDCT completion status. Finally, we will conduct binary logistic regression to examine the association between the predictors and LDCT completion. Conclusion The findings of this study will provide critical empirical evidence on the psychosocial facilitators and barriers to LDCT uptake among AAs, a vulnerable and medically underserved population. The facilitators and barriers identified in this study will be used to design both clinic-based and community-based behavioral intervention studies to promote LDCT uptake among eligible AAs.

Citation Format: Alexander Nguyen, Lin Zhu, Ra'Ann Merceir, Grace X Ma, Cherie P Erkmen. Investigating patient barriers to low-dose computed tomography lung cancer screenings among the African American population [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Conference: 14th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2021 Oct 6-8. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022;31(1 Suppl):Abstract nr PO-268.
Abstract PR-03: Neighborhood-level redlining-associated methylation in breast tumors: The impact of structural racism on the tumor epigenome
Authors: Miller-Kleinhenz Jasmine M , Moubadder Leah , Beyer Kirsten M. , Zhou Yuhong , Gaglioti Anne H. , Gohar Jazib , Collin Lindsay J. , Henry Kashari , Conneely Karen M. , Krishnamurti Uma , D'Angelo Olivia , Gogineni Keerthi , Torres Mylin , Gabram-Mendola Sheryl , McCullough Lauren E.
Published: January 2022

Background: Structural racism has been associated with breast cancer mortality. Exposure to adverse inequities may drive epigenetic perturbations that affect racial disparities in breast cancer outcomes. This study examined the association between neighborhood-level redlining and DNA methylation in non-Hispanic Black and White women diagnosed with breast cancer. Methods: Genome-wide DNA methylation was measured using the EPIC array in the tumor tissue of 84 women. Linear regression models were used to examine the association between neighborhood-level redlining and methylation, regressing β values for each cytosine-phosphate-guanine dinucleotide (CpG) site on redlining while adjusting for covariates. Redlining was derived for census tracts using the Home Mortgage Disclosure Act database. We used a false discovery rate (FDR) threshold <0.1, and for CpGs below this threshold, we examined interactions with Estrogen Receptor (ER) status. We employed multivariable Cox-proportional hazard models to estimate whether aberrant methylation was associated with all-cause mortality. Results: 36 of the CpG sites were associated with neighborhood-level redlining (FDR<0.1). The majority of genes are implicated in carcinogenesis including genes in immune function (BANP, IGDCC3, GPR15), oncogenic signaling (IGFALS, RNLS, RTP3), and angiogenesis (ANGPT1). Further exploration of these 36 CpG sites revealed no interactions by ER status, no probes were associated with all-cause mortality. Conclusions: We identified novel associations between neighborhood-level redlining and the breast tumor DNA methylome. Our data are the first to show that structural racism impacts the breast tumor epigenome.

Citation Format: Jasmine M Miller-Kleinhenz, Leah Moubadder, Kirsten M. Beyer, Yuhong Zhou, Anne H. Gaglioti, Jazib Gohar, Lindsay J. Collin, Kashari Henry, Karen M. Conneely, Uma Krishnamurti, Olivia D'Angelo, Keerthi Gogineni, Mylin Torres, Sheryl Gabram-Mendola, Lauren E. McCullough. Neighborhood-level redlining-associated methylation in breast tumors: The impact of structural racism on the tumor epigenome [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Conference: 14th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2021 Oct 6-8. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022;31(1 Suppl):Abstract nr PR-03.
Abstract PR-06: Examining disparities in incidence of colorectal cancer by race, ethnicity, sex, and site
Authors: Malabay Andrea Joyce M , Primm Kristin , Curry Taylor , Chang Shine
Published: January 2022

Over the past 21 years, while the incidence of colorectal cancer in the US has decreased, disparities in race and ethnicity have increased but no recent evaluation exists of differences in race and ethnicity by location of primary tumors within the colon and rectum among all age groups. Recent literature has shown that there are differences in the rates of colorectal cancer between multiple minority groups; however, many of these studies only compare CRC among White and Black groups. We examined the trends of colorectal cancer incidence by racial/ethnic group and location of the primary tumors within the colon and rectum to describe disparities. This study used SEER*Stat v 8.3.9 Incidence – SEER Research Data, 18 Registries, Nov 2020 Sub (2000-2018) to analyze age-adjusted rates in incidence by race, ethnicity, sex, and site. We examined the sites within the proximal, transverse, and distal colon, as well as the rectum, and further examined localized, regional, and distant diagnosis stages. As others have reported, we observed declining incidence in colorectal cancer, but found that some racial and ethnic groups experienced higher incidence rates compared to other groups by diagnosis site and the stage of diagnosis. For example, when singling out the proximal colon, Black males had a rate of 12.7/100,000 people at the local stage in 2000. Comparing this localized proximal rate to male Whites (11.7), American Indian/Alaskan Natives (7.2), Asians/Pacific Islanders (6.9), and Hispanics (7.9), we can see that Blacks have already experienced a higher diagnosis rate than other races and ethnicities. Examining annual percent changes, incidence rates for Blacks decreased just as those for other racial and ethnic groups did. However, they do not experience the largest annual percent decrease. From this portion of the data, we see that some racial and ethnic groups had decreases in incidence trends. However, when examining each rate individually by subsite and diagnosis stage, some groups are seeing a trend where the rate is not as favorable. Despite declining incidence rates of colorectal cancer in the United States overall, comparisons by race and ethnicity reveal important disparities, particularly by site of primary tumors within the colon and rectum, which may have critical implications for treatment and long-term survival.

Citation Format: Andrea Joyce M Malabay, Kristin Primm, Taylor Curry, Shine Chang. Examining disparities in incidence of colorectal cancer by race, ethnicity, sex, and site [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Conference: 14th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2021 Oct 6-8. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022;31(1 Suppl):Abstract nr PR-06.
Prediction Models for Gastric Cancer Risk in the General Population: A Systematic Review
Authors: Gu Jianhua , Chen Ru , Wang Shao-Ming , Li Minjuan , Fan Zhiyuan , Li Xinqing , Zhou Jiachen , Sun Kexin , Wei Wenqiang
Published: January 2022

Risk prediction models for gastric cancer could identify high-risk individuals in the general population. The objective of this study was to systematically review the available evidence about the construction and verification of gastric cancer predictive models. We searched PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases for articles that developed or validated gastric cancer risk prediction models up to November 2021. Data extracted included study characteristics, predictor selection, missing data, and evaluation metrics. Risk of bias (ROB) was assessed using the Prediction model Risk Of Bias Assessment Tool (PROBAST). We identified a total of 12 original risk prediction models that fulfilled the criteria for analysis. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) ranged from 0.73 to 0.93 in derivation sets (n = 6), 0.68 to 0.90 in internal validation sets (n = 5), 0.71 to 0.92 in external validation sets (n = 7). The higher-performing models usually include age, salt preference, Helicobacter pylori, smoking, body mass index, family history, pepsinogen, and sex. According to PROBAST, at least one domain with a high ROB was present in all studies mainly due to methodologic limitations in the analysis domain. In conclusion, although some risk prediction models including similar predictors have displayed sufficient discriminative abilities, many have a high ROB due to methodologic limitations and are not externally validated efficiently. Future prediction models should adherence to well-established standards and guidelines to benefit gastric cancer screening.

Prevention Relevance:

Through systematical reviewing available evidence about the construction and verification of gastric cancer predictive models, we found that most models have a high ROB due to methodologic limitations and are not externally validated efficiently. Future prediction models are supposed to adherence to well-established standards and guidelines to benefit gastric cancer screening.
Salivary Cortisol Awakening Response as a Predictor for Depression Severity in Adult Patients with a Major Depressive Episode Performing a Daily Exercise Program
Authors: Refsgaard Else , Schmedes Anne Vibeke , Martiny Klaus
Published: January 2022

Introduction: The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis function in depression has been the subject of considerable interest, and its function has been tested with a variety of methods. We investigated associations between saliva cortisol at awakening and the 24-h urine cortisol output, both measured at study baseline, with endpoint depression scores. Methods: Patients were admitted to a psychiatric inpatient ward with a major depressive episode and were started on fixed duloxetine treatment. They delivered saliva samples at awakening and 15, 30, and 60 min post-awakening and sampled urine for 24 h. Subsequently, they started a daily exercise program maintained for a 9-week period. Clinician-rated depression severity was blindly assessed with the Hamilton Depression Rating 6-item subscale (HAM-D6). The cortisol awakening response was quantified by the area under the curve with respect to the ground (AUCG) and with respect to the rise (AUCI) using saliva cortisol levels in the 1-h period after awakening. Analysis of expected associations between depression severity, AUCG, AUCI, exercise, and 24-h cortisol output was performed in a general linear model. Results: In all, 35 participants delivered saliva or 24-h urine samples. The mean age was 49.0 years (SD = 11.0) with 48.6% females with a mean baseline HAM-D6 score of 12.2 (SD = 2.3). In a statistical model investigating the association between HAM-D6 at week 9 as a dependent variable and AUCI, concurrent HAM-D6, gender, smoking, and exercise volume as covariates, we found a significant effect of AUCI, concurrent HAM-D6, and exercise. The following statistics were found: AUCI (regression coefficient 0.008; F value = 9.1; p = 0.007), concurrent HAM-D6 (regression coefficient 0.70; F value = 8.0; p = 0.01), and exercise (regression coefficient −0.005; F value = 5.7; p = 0.03). The model had an R2 of 0.43. The association between HAM-D6 endpoint scores and the AUCI showed that higher AUCI values predicted higher HAM-D6 endpoint values. The association between HAM-D6 endpoint scores and the exercise level showed that a high exercise level was associated with lower HAM-D6 endpoint values. Conclusion: The results thus showed that high AUCI values predicted less improvement of depression and high exercise levels predicted more improvement of depression. These findings need to be confirmed in larger samples to test if more covariates can improve prediction of depression severity.
De Novo and Depot-Specific Androgen Production in Human Adipose Tissue: A Source of Hyperandrogenism in Women with Obesity
Authors: Wagner Isabel Viola , Savchuk Iuliia , Sahlin Lena , Kulle Alexandra , Klöting Nora , Dietrich Arne , Holterhus Paul-Martin , Dötsch Jörg , Blüher Matthias , Söder Olle
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Obesity in women is often associated with hyperandrogenism, but the role of adipose tissue (AT) in androgen synthesis remains unclear. Therefore, we studied whether AT could be a source of androgens promoting hyperandrogenism. Methods: Subcutaneous and visceral (visc) AT was collected from lean and obese women. Androgen levels were evaluated in serum, AT, and cell-culture supernatant. Gene and protein expression of steroidogenic enzymes were determined. Results: Obese subjects had elevated serum androgen levels, which reduced after weight loss. Androgens were measurable in AT and in cell-culture supernatants of adipocytes. Steroids were higher in AT from obese women, with the highest difference for testosterone in visc AT (+7.9-fold, p = 0.032). Steroidogenic enzymes were expressed in human AT with depot-specific differences. Obese women showed a significantly higher expression of genes of the backdoor pathway and of CYP19 in visc AT. Conclusion: The whole steroidogenic machinery of the classical and backdoor pathways of steroidogenesis, and the capacity for androgen biosynthesis, were found in both AT depots and cultured adipocytes. Therefore, we hypothesize that AT is a de novo site of androgen production and the backdoor pathway of steroidogenesis might be a new pathomechanism for hyperandrogenism in women with obesity.
Developmental Iron Deficiency Dysregulates TET Activity and DNA Hydroxymethylation in the Rat Hippocampus and Cerebellum
Authors: Barks Amanda , Beeson Montana M. , Hallstrom Timothy C. , Georgieff Michael K. , Tran Phu V.
Published: January 2022

Iron deficiency (ID) during neurodevelopment is associated with lasting cognitive and socioemotional deficits and increased risk for neuropsychiatric disease throughout the lifespan. These neurophenotypical changes are underlain by gene dysregulation in the brain that outlasts the period of ID; however, the mechanisms by which ID establishes and maintains gene expression changes are incompletely understood. The epigenetic modification of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), or DNA hydroxymethylation, is one candidate mechanism because of its dependence on iron-containing TET enzymes. The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of fetal-neonatal ID on regional brain TET activity, Tet expression, and 5hmC in the developing rat hippocampus and cerebellum and to determine whether changes are reversible with dietary iron treatment. Timed pregnant Sprague Dawley rats were fed iron-deficient diet (ID; 4 mg/kg Fe) from gestational day 2 to generate iron-deficient anemic (IDA) offspring. Control dams were fed iron-sufficient diet (IS; 200 mg/kg Fe). At postnatal day (P)7, a subset of ID-fed litters was randomized to IS diet, generating treated IDA (TIDA) offspring. At P15, the hippocampus and cerebellum were isolated for subsequent analysis. TET activity was quantified by ELISA from nuclear proteins. Expression of Tet1, Tet2, and Tet3 was quantified by qPCR from total RNA. Global %5hmC was quantified by ELISA from genomic DNA. ID increased DNA hydroxymethylation (p = 0.0105), with a corresponding increase in TET activity (p < 0.0001) and Tet3 expression (p < 0.0001) in the P15 hippocampus. In contrast, ID reduced TET activity (p = 0.0016) in the P15 cerebellum, with minimal effect on DNA hydroxymethylation. Neonatal dietary iron treatment resulted in partial normalization of these changes in both brain regions. These results demonstrate that the TET/DNA hydroxymethylation system is disrupted by developmental ID in a brain region-specific manner. Differential regional disruption of this epigenetic system may contribute to the lasting neural circuit dysfunction and neurobehavioral dysfunction associated with developmental ID.
Literature review: The Effect of Using Non-Herbal Panty Liners on Abnormal Vaginal Discharge in Adolescent Girls
Authors: Sofiyah Shohebatuz , Andarwulan Setiana
Published: January 2022

Teenagers are very vulnerable to experiencing problems such as vaginal discharge and because of that teenage girls often wear panty liners outside of their menstrual period. Improper use of panty liners will make vaginal discharge abnormal. Therefore, this literature review aims to find out how to use non-herbal panty liners so that they can cause abnormal vaginal discharge. This research usesliterature review with data sources from the PubMed, Research Gate, and Google Scholar databases with a range of 2018-2021. The results of this literature review contained 4 journals which stated that the effect of using panty liners could cause vaginal discharge but under normal conditions and 4 journals also stated that abnormal vaginal discharge was caused by panty liners. It can be concluded that abnormal vaginal discharge is caused by a different way of using panty liners and the lack of information about using panty liners properly.
Uso e potencial da fotoetnografia para os estudos turísticos
Authors: Serra Anna Carolina Fernandes , Machado Danielle Fernandes Costa , Medeiros Mirna de Lima
Published: January 2022

Considerando que as pesquisas turísticas têm se aprofundado em questões de cunho social e, com isso, buscam ferramentas que aproximem o pesquisador das realidades estudadas, o objetivo deste artigo é apresentar uma discussão sobre a adequação da fotoetnografia enquanto recurso metodológico útil ao desenvolvimento de pesquisas acadêmicas na área de turismo e hospitalidade, especialmente quando há ênfase em manifestações socioculturais. Esse objetivo foi alcançado por meio de um ensaio teórico combinado com pesquisa empírica utilizando a metodologia para demonstrar sua adequação. A etapa empírica foi realizada na cidade de Chapada do Norte (MG), uma comunidade remanescente de quilombos no Vale do Jequitinhonha, registrando a principal festa tradicional da cidade. Utilizamos as etapas da técnica fotoetnográfica propostas pelo antropólogo Achutti e, a partir de 1.300 registros fotográficos próprios, elaboramos uma narrativa fotoetnográfica composta por 31 imagens. Por fim, conjugando as etapas teórica e empírica, destacamos os potenciais, vantagens e limitações da técnica fotoetnográfica. Conclui-se que a metodologia se revela eficaz e pode ter diversas aplicações para os estudos em turismo e hospitalidade, especialmente em relação a manifestações socioculturais. Tem-se como limitação o não aprofundamento quanto a fenômenos e espaços naturais.
Renascimento e Humanismo nas Letras Portuguesas e Américo-Portuguesas: como e onde se situam no ensino e na leitura escolar?
Authors: Nascimento Dreykon Fernandes , Leite Leni Ribeiro
Published: January 2022

Este artigo é fruto de investigações acerca do que se entende por Renascimento e Humanismo português segundo autores como André (2013), Osório (1976; 1992; 2013), Ramalho (1972; 1985) e Soares (2011; 2014), e qual seu tratamento oferecido pelos livros didáticos do 1º ano do Ensino Médio no Brasil. Longe de serem recortes positivados do tempo em estilos periodizáveis, entendemos, junto com Hansen (1995; 2001; 2006), Kossovitch (1994) e Lachat (2019), estes conceitos como concepções práticas da atividade letrada durante toda a Primeira Modernidade europeia, aqui particularmente a portuguesa e a américo-portuguesa, modus operandi moderno que incide, portanto, nas letras até finais do Setecentos, compreendendo toda a base de leitura literária prevista para o 1º ano do Ensino Médio. Por este motivo, à esteira de Dalvi (2013), Martini (2016) e Rouxel (2013), cumpre pensar o ensino e a leitura como integrativos e concatenadores, em uma sequência que não apenas respeite a integridade simbólica dos textos, mas segundo uma práxis que priorize, no evento da leitura dos alunos e professor, a apreciação retórica ou estética do texto, experienciada simultaneamente à paramentação teórica — atentando à teoria que se engendra no próprio evento da leitura.
"Imensas cidades povoadas de despovoamento": uma análise da poética da destruição em Joaquim Manuel Magalhães
Authors: Santos Ana Carolina Botelho dos
Published: January 2022

A partir da análise de determinados suportes teóricos e do poema “Valvulina”, de Alta noite em alta fraga (2001), o artigo visa discutir a presença de uma poética da destruição não só como tema presente nesse livro, mas também como parte fundamental da construção lírica de Joaquim Manuel Magalhães, na medida em que a questão do arruinamento não aparece apenas tematizada, configura-se também um procedimento de criação literária. Tomando essa poética da destruição como ponto de partida, então, pretendemos analisar a intertextualidade endógena promovida por Magalhães em relação a sua obra e a elaboração de um discurso distópico arquitetado por um eu lírico que vivencia o arruinamento dos valores humanísticos em uma realidade urbana caótica.
A virada interpretativa na metodologia de pesquisa de Clifford Geertz e Quentin Skinner
Authors: Regasson Bruno Veçozzi
Published: January 2022

De preocupação teórica e de tratamento metodológico bibliográfico, este trabalho busca debater a influência dos pressupostos da virada interpretativa das ciências sociais nos anos 1960 nos postulados metodológicos de Clifford Geertz e Quentin Skinner. A análise revela uma série de profundas afinidades: o combate aos discursos positivistas hegemônicos de seus períodos, o resgate das lições dos teóricos compreensivos do século XIX reformuladas pelas contribuições da filosofia da linguagem, o afastamento das radicalizações contra o ideal da ciência em relação a outros interpretativistas e, finalmente, a proposição de projetos intencionalistas, contextualistas e interpretativistas de análise de seus objetos. Esses projetos estão fundamentalmente sedimentados nas propostas metodológicas da descrição densa, para a antropologia, e do contextualismo linguístico, para a história das ideias.
As concepções de ideologia em três gerações de pensadores da Teoria Crítica
Authors: Bem Arim Soares do , Almeida Josielice dos Santos
Published: January 2022

O presente artigo discute o conceito de ideologia entre os principais autores de três gerações da Teoria Crítica vinculados à Escola de Frankfurt: Horkheimer, Adorno, Habermas e Honneth. A partir de uma seleção de obras significativas desses autores, demonstra-se o caráter polêmico e polissêmico do conceito de ideologia e procura-se dar visibilidade às especificidades dos diferentes sistemas teóricos que orientam representações singulares no âmbito desta tradição teórica.
Vai uma cloroquina aí? A mobilização de enquadramentos sobre a cura da Covid-19
Authors: Moreira Thatiane Faria Oliveira , Koerner Andrei
Published: January 2022

No campo digital, uma crença coletiva ganha mais plausibilidade por meio da crescente repetição na rede discursiva. Isso ocorre graças à prevalência de apelos emotivos e opiniões pessoais frente aos fatos. Deste modo, a legitimidade do discurso digital está associada à sua circulação (visibilidade). Considerando essa premissa, o objetivo deste artigo é compreender como se comportam as redes bolsonaristas no Twitter, junto a como os atores que se denominam “bolsonaristas” se apropriam, disputam e mobilizam discursos sobre a eficácia da cloroquina na cura da Covid-19 de modo a negociar significados e promover engajamento. Este artigo levanta duas hipóteses: (i) a rede de apoio à cloroquina no Twitter, no período analisado, é mais clusterizada – ou seja, os nós estão mais agrupados –, se em comparação à rede dos que se opõem à cloroquina no combate da Covid-19; e (ii) a defesa da cloroquina, para além de argumentos técnicos, diz respeito a uma escolha política. Para testar as hipóteses, uma análise de redes sociais (ARS) e uma análise de enquadramento interpretativo foram realizadas. No artigo, são apresentados os resultados de pesquisa a partir de uma base de dados de retuítes dos dias 06 e 08 de julho de 2020. Os resultados das análises confirmam as hipóteses.
Produzir na reprodução: um olhar sobre a renovação da força de trabalho escrava no Brasil oitocentista
Authors: Figueira Gabriela Salcedo
Published: January 2022

Por meio de uma análise documental de manuais de agricultura brasileiros escritos no século XIX por senhores de escravos, procura-se identificar o caráter específico da reprodução social da escravidão. Argumenta-se que esse caráter está assente na união das esferas produtiva e reprodutiva, e não unicamente num modo de repor a força de trabalho escrava.
Narrativas entretecidas vertentes do assombro e do medo: a casa e suas ruínas em Poe, Cortázar e Amenábar
Authors: Ribeiro Joana Marques , Souza Kátia Pellicci Cembrone de
Published: January 2022

O presente artigo pretende engendrar uma reflexão sobre a manifestação do horror na literatura em diálogo com a linguagem cinematográfica a partir de aproximações entre os contos “A queda da casa de Usher” (1839), de Edgar Allan Poe, e “Casa tomada” (1951), de Julio Cortázar, e a peça fílmica “Os outros” (2001), de direção e roteiro de Alejandro Amenábar. Para tanto, a análise destacará a posição de precursor de Poe em relação aos outros dois autores, bem como os elementos formais das três narrativas que, em contínuo e profícuo diálogo intertextual, colaboram para a criação de efeitos relativos ao assombro. Nesse sentido, será analisado de que maneira a casa, presente como elemento central das obras selecionadas, exerce um papel fundamental na construção do efeito próprio das narrativas de horror. Extrapolando os aspectos concreto e material da casa, a investigação buscará observar também como o espaço hostil e de ameaça espelha a confusão do território mental dos protagonistas, tornando-se metáfora de sua complexidade e de seu interior tantas vezes evitado, por seus aspectos ameaçadores enquanto corpo e/ou mente que se habita, contribuindo para potencializar os efeitos de desestabilização causados pela leitura das obras.
O horror que emana do poder: uma entrevista com Mariana Enriquez
Authors: Nestarez Oscar
Published: January 2022

Entrevista com a escritora argentina Mariana Enriquez sobre seu romance de horror Nossa parte de noite. Nascida em Buenos Aires em 1973, Enriquez também é jornalista, atuando como subeditora do suplemento Radar do diário Página/12. A entrevista foi concedida originalmente em espanhol. O original está disponível após a versão traduzida para o português.
O flâneur dostoiévskiano: errância e anonimato na capital russa do século XIX
Authors: Estevam Júlio César
Published: January 2022

Paladino de uma complexa forma de subjetividade que é produto de uma atmosfera psicológica que o insulariza em relação aos demais habitantes das cidades, o flâneur é considerado como sendo uma importante chave de leitura dos processos de modernização dos centros urbanos europeus e de seus desdobramentos. Tendo isso em vista, o objetivo desta pesquisa se concentra, arrazoados os fenômenos sociais às produções literárias oitocentistas, no estudo do flâneur de Dostoiévski. Presente em Pobre Gente, Noites Brancas, A Senhoria, Humilhados e Ofendidos e Crime e Castigo, o flâneur dostoievskiano encerra em si os conflitos, contradições, perspectivas e possibilidades de um período tão peculiar que se incorporou à sua compleição por meio de uma nova e inquietante relação com a cidade moderna.
Dostoiévski e a compaixão: leituras éticas dos Escritos da Casa Morta
Authors: Siqueira-Batista Rodrigo , Pedretti Pedro Alexandre Henriques , Alcântara Fabíola Alves
Published: January 2022

Fiódor Mikháilovitch Dostoiévski é reconhecido como um dos autores mais originais da história da literatura. Detentor de criatividade invulgar, o artista russo foi capaz de construir uma análise aguda da sociedade do seu tempo e, paralelamente, perscrutar diferentes domínios do psiquismo humano. A articulação dessas dimensões adquire contornos particularmente autênticos no livro Escritos da casa morta – inspirado nos anos de cárcere do autor –, o qual permite a formulação de uma série de reflexões de natureza moral. A abordagem de tal questão é o escopo do presente ensaio, que se organiza a partir do seguinte percurso: (1) introdução à temática, (2) breve nota acerca da biografia intelectual do escritor, (3) apresentação dos Escritos, (4) mapeamento das referências compassivas presentes na obra e (5) delimitação preliminar dos elementos para proposição de uma “ética dostoievskiana da compaixão”.
Na cena , espaços, silêncios, errâncias, “Das memórias de um escritor fracassado”
Authors: Fuentes Susana
Published: January 2022

Este estudo procura pensar o romance Humilhados e Ofendidos (1861), de Fiódor Dostoiévski, em suas possibilidades de cena, espaços, o narrador que vaga em duplos de si nas personagens que encontra no caminho e (in)formam seus passos.
Sociedade Sinfônica Campineira e seu público: aproximações com Pierre Bourdieu
Authors: Candido Mariana de Oliveira , Nogueira Lenita Waldige Mendes
Published: January 2022

A Sociedade Sinfônica Campineira, fundada em 1929, teve um importante impacto sobre o cenário musical da cidade de Campinas, e com seus concertos envolveu um público específico em torno da música sinfônica. As relações ali presentes entre os ouvintes e a música articulam questões sobre arte e sociedade, e suscitam reflexões para as quais muito contribuem alguns dos principais conceitos sociológicos de Pierre Bourdieu. A identificação das características dessas relações é facilitada pelos textos publicados no jornal local, que como crítica musical expressavam ideias sobre a música, modos de apreciá-la, e atribuíam um papel à orquestra no quadro cultural e histórico da cidade, além de estabelecer uma representação coletiva da música de concerto.
Arnold Schoenberg amidst the Struggle between Scientific Materialism and Spiritual Revival
Authors: Torriani Tristan Guillermo
Published: January 2022

Post-war historiography has downplayed the spiritual dimension of modernist artists in order to present their work more favorably in a culture overshadowed by scientific materialism. Drawing from several sources, this paper reconstructs an interpretation of the context with which Schoenberg as an individual artist had to contend with. The first section sets the stage for understanding the struggle between scientific materialism and movements of spiritual revival. The second section deals directly with Schoenberg's case and addresses not only the criticisms directed against his music, but also tries to shed light on his problematic relation to Adorno and Thomas Mann. The concluding section argues that although Schoenberg’s public perception is strongly technical, as a composer he was pursuing aims that can only be made sense of if one is sensitive to his religious and spiritual context.
Avant-Retard, para Flauta em Do e Flauta em Sol
Authors: De Lucca Silvia
Published: January 2022

Comentário da compositora e partitura em anexo.
Epigenetic Regulation of
F2RL3
Associates With Myocardial Infarction and Platelet Function
Authors: Corbin Laura J. , White Stephen J. , Taylor Amy E. , Williams Christopher M. , Taylor Kurt , van den Bosch Marion T. , Teasdale Jack E. , Jones Matthew , Bond Mark , Harper Matthew T. , Falk Louise , Groom Alix , Hazell Georgina G.J. , Paternoster Lavinia , Munafò Marcus R. , Nordestgaard Børge G. , Tybjærg-Hansen Anne , Bojesen Stig E. , Relton Caroline , Min Josine L. , Davey Smith George , Mumford Andrew D. , Poole Alastair W. , Timpson Nicholas J.
Published: January 2022

Background:

DNA hypomethylation at the
F2RL3
(F2R like thrombin or trypsin receptor 3) locus has been associated with both smoking and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease; whether these smoking-related associations form a pathway to disease is unknown.
F2RL3
encodes protease-activated receptor 4, a potent thrombin receptor expressed on platelets. Given the role of thrombin in platelet activation and the role of thrombus formation in myocardial infarction, alterations to this biological pathway could be important for ischemic cardiovascular disease.

Methods:

We conducted multiple independent experiments to assess whether DNA hypomethylation at
F2RL3
in response to smoking is associated with risk of myocardial infarction via changes to platelet reactivity. Using cohort data (N=3205), we explored the relationship between smoking, DNA hypomethylation at
F2RL3
, and myocardial infarction. We compared platelet reactivity in individuals with low versus high DNA methylation at
F2RL3
(N=41). We used an in vitro model to explore the biological response of
F2RL3
to cigarette smoke extract. Finally, a series of reporter constructs were used to investigate how differential methylation could impact
F2RL3
gene expression.

Results:

Observationally, DNA methylation at
F2RL3
mediated an estimated 34% of the smoking effect on increased risk of myocardial infarction. An association between methylation group (low/high) and platelet reactivity was observed in response to PAR4 (protease-activated receptor 4) stimulation. In cells, cigarette smoke extract exposure was associated with a 4.9% to 9.3% reduction in DNA methylation at
F2RL3
and a corresponding 1.7-(95% CI, 1.2–2.4,
P
=0.04) fold increase in
F2RL3
mRNA. Results from reporter assays suggest the exon 2 region of
F2RL3
may help control gene expression.

Conclusions:

Smoking-induced epigenetic DNA hypomethylation at
F2RL3
appears to increase PAR4 expression with potential downstream consequences for platelet reactivity. Combined evidence here not only identifies
F2RL3
DNA methylation as a possible contributory pathway from smoking to cardiovascular disease risk but from any feature potentially influencing
F2RL3
regulation in a similar manner.
Breastfeeding Is Associated With a Reduced Maternal Cardiovascular Risk: Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis Involving Data From 8 Studies and 1 192 700 Parous Women
Authors: Tschiderer Lena , Seekircher Lisa , Kunutsor Setor K. , Peters Sanne A. E. , O’Keeffe Linda M. , Willeit Peter
Published: January 2022

Background

Breastfeeding has been robustly linked to reduced maternal risk of breast cancer, ovarian cancer, and type 2 diabetes. We herein systematically reviewed the published evidence on the association of breastfeeding with maternal risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) outcomes.

Methods and Results

Our systematic search of PubMed and Web of Science of articles published up to April 16, 2021, identified 8 relevant prospective studies involving 1 192 700 parous women (weighted mean age: 51.3 years at study entry, 24.6 years at first birth; weighted mean number of births: 2.3). A total of 982 566 women (82%) reported having ever breastfed (weighted mean lifetime duration of breastfeeding: 15.6 months). During a weighted median follow‐up of 10.3 years, 54 226 CVD, 26 913 coronary heart disease, 30 843 stroke, and 10 766 fatal CVD events were recorded. In a random‐effects meta‐analysis, the pooled multivariable‐adjusted hazard ratios comparing parous women who ever breastfed to those who never breastfed were 0.89 for CVD (95% CI, 0.83–0.95; I
2
=79.4%), 0.86 for coronary heart disease (95% CI, 0.78–0.95; I
2
=79.7%), 0.88 for stroke (95% CI, 0.79–0.99; I
2
=79.6%), and 0.83 for fatal CVD (95% CI, 0.76–0.92; I
2
=47.7%). The quality of the evidence assessed with the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation tool ranged from very low to moderate, which was mainly driven by high between‐studies heterogeneity. Strengths of associations did not differ by mean age at study entry, median follow‐up duration, mean parity, level of adjustment, study quality, or geographical region. A progressive risk reduction of all CVD outcomes with lifetime durations of breastfeeding from 0 up to 12 months was found, with some uncertainty about shapes of associations for longer durations.

Conclusions

Breastfeeding was associated with reduced maternal risk of CVD outcomes.
Loss of the Protective Effect of Estrogen Contributes to Maternal Gestational Hypertension‐Induced Hypertensive Response Sensitization Elicited by Postweaning High‐Fat Diet in Female Offspring
Authors: Xue Baojian , Yu Yang , Beltz Terry G. , Guo Fang , Wei Shun‐Guang , Johnson Alan Kim
Published: January 2022

Background

A recent study conducted in male offspring demonstrated that maternal gestational hypertension (MHT) induces hypertensive response sensitization (HTRS) elicited by postweaning high‐fat diet (HFD). In this study, we investigated the sensitizing effect of MHT on postweaning HFD‐induced hypertensive response in female rat offspring and assessed the protective role of estrogen in HTRS.

Methods and Results

The results showed that MHT also induced a sensitized HFD‐elicited hypertensive response in intact female offspring. However, compared with male offspring, this MHT‐induced HTRS was sex specific in that intact female offspring exhibited an attenuated increase in blood pressure. Ovariectomy significantly enhanced the HFD‐induced increase in blood pressure and the pressor response to centrally administered angiotensin II or tumor necrosis factor‐α in offspring of normotensive dams, which was accompanied by elevated centrally driven sympathetic activity, upregulated mRNA expression of prohypertensive components, and downregulated expression of antihypertensive components in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus. However, when compared with HFD‐fed ovariectomized offspring of normotensive dams, the MHT‐induced HTRS and pressor responses to centrally administered angiotensin II or tumor necrosis factor‐α in HFD‐fed intact offspring of MHT dams were not potentiated by ovariectomy, but the blood pressure and elicited pressor responses as well as central sympathetic tone remained higher.

Conclusions

The results indicate that in adult female offspring MHT induced HTRS elicited by HFD. Estrogen normally plays a protective role in antagonizing HFD prohypertensive effects, and MHT compromises this normal protective action of estrogen by augmenting brain reactivity and centrally driven sympathetic activity.
National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale as an Outcome in Stroke Research: Value of ANCOVA Over Analyzing Change From Baseline
Authors: Mistry Eva A. , Yeatts Sharon D. , Khatri Pooja , Mistry Akshitkumar M. , Detry Michelle , Viele Kert , Harrell Frank E. , Lewis Roger J.
Published: January 2022

National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), measured a few hours to days after stroke onset, is an attractive outcome measure for stroke research. NIHSS at the time of presentation (baseline NIHSS) strongly predicts the follow-up NIHSS. Because of the need to account for the baseline NIHSS in the analysis of follow-up NIHSS as an outcome measure, a common and intuitive approach is to define study outcome as the change in NIHSS from baseline to follow-up (ΔNIHSS). However, this approach has important limitations. Analyzing ΔNIHSS implies a very strong assumption about the relationship between baseline and follow-up NIHSS that is unlikely to be satisfied, drawing into question the validity of the resulting statistical analysis. This reduces the precision of the estimates of treatment effects and the power of clinical trials that use this approach to analysis. ANCOVA allows for the analysis of follow-up NIHSS as the dependent variable while adjusting for baseline NIHSS as a covariate in the model and addresses several challenges of using ΔNIHSS outcome using simple bivariate comparisons (eg, a
t
test, Wilcoxon rank-sum, linear regression without adjustment for baseline) for stroke research. In this article, we use clinical trial simulations to illustrate that variability in NIHSS outcome is less when follow-up NIHSS is adjusted for baseline compared to ΔNIHSS and how a reduction in this variability improves the power. We outline additional, important clinical and statistical arguments to support the superiority of ANCOVA using the final measurement of the NIHSS adjusted for baseline over, and caution against using, the simple bivariate comparison of absolute NIHSS change (ie, delta).