bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IMPACTO DEL COVID-19 EN LOS PROFESIONALES DE ESTOMATOLOGÍA
Authors: Fernández Pacheco Athina Edurner , Henckell Sime Clara Luisa del Carmen
Published: June 2021

El actual estado de pandemia a causa del virus SARS-CoV-2, comúnmente llamado “nuevo coronavirus” causante de la enfermedad CoVID-19 ha generado un gran impacto en el campo odontológico, puesto que las características que posee condicionan a un permanente estado de alerta por parte de los profesionales de la salud por su alta transmisibilidad de pacientes positivos, incluso asintomáticos, o en fase de recuperación lo que lo hace sumamente contagioso; Gracias a un sistema de salud precario, se han puesto de manifiesto elevados índices de mortalidad y de contagio; es por ello que la presente investigación tiene como objetivo determinar las repercusiones de la enfermedad del CoVID-19 en los estomatólogos durante la práctica dental; se realizó una búsqueda en las bases de datos del campus de la USS y del google académico y se escogieron 21 artículos científicos bajo los criterios de inclusión de que evidencien estudios sobre CoVID-19, en español e inglés; excluyendo los que no contribuían a la indagación, ni mantenían la ilación con el CoVID-19 y la odontología, mediante la técnica de análisis documental; toda la información se acopió en fichas de recolección cuyos criterios fueron resumen y resultados; dentro de los últimos se evidenció que la práctica odontología ha sido principalmente afectada por el presente virus, porque su vía de transmisión es por medio de las mucosas conjuntivas, nasales y orales, siendo el fin del odontólogo preservar la salud oral a nivel de la mucosa presente en la cavidad bucal; asimismo, otro punto que genera alto potencial de contagio es el instrumental dental, el cual hace que se produzcan gotículas de saliva, o incluso con sangre; se concluye con el llamado a la concientización del grado de exposición de contagio del virus al cuál se expone el estomatólogo.
Lumbopelvic Stability and Trunk Muscle Contractility of Individuals with Chronic Ankle Instability
Authors: McCann Ryan S , Johnson Kelly , Suttmiller Ashley M B
Published: June 2021

Background

Chronic ankle instability (CAI) results in hip neuromuscular impairments that can perpetuate dysfunction through reduced lumbopelvic stability and subsequent malpositioning of the lower body during functional movement. Lumbopelvic stability might be further impaired through changes in trunk muscular contractility. However, lumbopelvic stability and trunk muscle morphology have not been compared between individuals with and without CAI.

Purpose

To compare lumbopelvic stability and trunk muscle contractility between individuals with and without chronic ankle instability (CAI) and determine if lumbopelvic stability and trunk muscle contractility are associated with self-reported function.

Study Design

Case-control study.

Methods

Ten individuals with CAI, 10 ankle sprain copers (COP), and 10 healthy controls (CON) participated. Diagnostic ultrasound imaging was used to assess transversus abdominis (TrA) and lumbar multifidus (LM) muscle contractility. A percent change in contraction thickness from rested to contracted conditions was calculated for each muscle. Lumbopelvic stability was assessed using unilateral hip bridge, trunk flexion endurance, Biering-Sorensen, and side plank tests. Self-reported function was measured with the Foot and Ankle Ability Measure Activity of Daily Living (FAAM-ADL) and Sport (FAAM-S) subscales. One-way ANOVAs and Cohen’s d effect sizes compared scores on clinician and patient-reported outcomes between groups. Pearson product moment correlations analyzed associations between self-reported function and trunk muscle contractility and lumbopelvic stability. Significance was set a priori at P<0.05

Results

COP had significantly greater TrA contractility than CAI (P<0.01, d=2.65[1.45,3.85]) and CON (P=0.03, d=1.05[0.08,1.94]). Although not statistically significant, a large effect size suggest that CAI had lower TrA contractility than CON (P=0.12, d=0.92[-0.03,1.80]). No differences existed for LM contractility or lumbopelvic stability tests. A moderate direct correlation (r=0.65, P=0.04) existed between CON’s TrA contractility and FAAM-ADL scores.

Conclusion

Deficits in TrA contractility are a novel finding among individuals with CAI. While LM contractility and lumbopelvic stability did not differ between groups, future research should continue to examine their relevance to CAI.

Level of Evidence

3b
Differences in Muscle Activities and Kinematics between Forefoot Strike and Rearfoot Strike in the Lower Limb during 180° Turns
Authors: Yoshida Naruto , Kunugi Shun , Konno Takehiro , Masunari Akihiko , Nishida Satoru , Koumura Takashi , Kobayashi Naoyuki , Miyakawa Shumpei
Published: June 2021

Background

A forefoot strike (FFS) could be a safer landing technique than a rearfoot strike (RFS) during a cutting motion to prevent anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury.

Purpose

This study aimed to determine the joint angles, ground reaction force (GRF), and muscle activity levels associated with FFS and RFS landings during 180° turns.

Study design

Cross-sectional study

Methods

Fourteen male soccer players from the University of Tsukuba football (soccer) club participated in this study. The FFS consisted of initial contact with the toes on the force plates followed by the rearfoot; meanwhile, the initial contact was performed with the heels on the force plates followed by the forefoot for the RFS. Ankle, knee, and hip joint angles were recorded using a three-dimensional motion capture system. GRFs were measured using a force plate. Gluteus medius (GM), rectus femoris (RF), vastus medialis (VM), vastus lateralis (VL), semitendinosus (ST), biceps femoris (BF), tibialis anterior (TA), and lateral gastrocnemius (GL) activities were measured by electromyography.

Results

The activities of GM, GL, and ST from initial contact to early periods during landing into the ground with the FFS are larger than those with RFS. In addition, the results showed significant differences in lower-limb angles and GRFs between the FFS and RFS.

Conclusion

These results suggest that there might be differences in ACL injury risk during a 180° turn between the FFS and the RFS pattern. An investigation into the grounding method that prevents injury is necessary in future studies.

Levels of Evidence

Level 3b
Concentric and Eccentric Force Changes with Elastic Band and Isotonic Heavy Resistance Training: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Folkins Eric , Sahni Sidharth , Ryan John , Wooden Stacey , Bushby Gina , Radzinski Christian
Published: June 2021

Background

Inclusion of resistance training as part of a general fitness program to improve health, and lower risk of disease and injury is well established. Two common options to improve strength are elastic bands and weights. Comparison between elastic bands (as the sole resistance) to isotonic strengthening for concentric and eccentric strength outcomes following the use of low repetitions/heavy resistance has not been reported.

Hypothesis/Purpose

The purpose was to examine the effects of a four-week isotonic low repetitions/heavy resistance strengthening program compared to a low repetitions/heavy resistance elastic band strengthening program on shoulder external rotation, hip abduction, and elbow flexion concentric and eccentric isokinetic force production in college aged untrained females.

Study Design

Randomized Trial

Methods

Twenty healthy females performed pre-and-post isokinetic (60 degrees/second) concentric/eccentric testing of the elbow flexors, shoulder external rotators, and hip abductors. Participants were randomly assigned to a four-week independent low repetitions/heavy resistance strengthening program performed with either elastic bands or isotonic exercises.

Results

A significant (p < 0.05) effect of time was found for eccentric elbow flexor and concentric and eccentric hip abduction force production in the elastic band group with post-test values greater than pre-test values. A significant (p < 0.05) effect of time was found for elbow flexor concentric and eccentric force production in the isotonic group with post-test values greater then pre-test values. No significant (p>0.05) effect of time was found for shoulder external rotator concentric and eccentric forces for both groups, the isotonic group’s hip abduction concentric and eccentric force production and elastic band group’s elbow flexion concentric force production. No significant effect of intervention (p >0.05) on concentric or eccentric elbow flexors, shoulder external rotators, or hip abductors force production was found, with pre-test and post-test values being similar between groups.

Conclusion

Health care practitioners and coaches can consider the prescription of a heavy resistance training program with elastic bands or isotonic exercises for an independent exercise program and expect similar concentric and eccentric muscle force changes.

Level of Evidence

Level 2b
Identifying Risk Factors of Upper Extremity Injuries in Collegiate Baseball Players: A Pilot Study
Authors: Slowik Robert , Morris Christopher , Hoch Matthew , Uhl Timothy
Published: June 2021

Background

Repetitive pitching places tremendous forces on the shoulder and elbow which can lead to upper extremity (UE) or lower extremity (LE) overuse injuries.

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to evaluate pre-season physical measurements in collegiate baseball players and track in-season baseball throwing volume to determine which factors may predict throwing overuse injuries.

Study Design

Retrospective Cohort study.

Methods

Baseline preseason mobility, strength, endurance, and perception of function were measured in 17 collegiate baseball pitchers. Participants were then followed during the course of the season to collect rate of individual exposure, estimated pitch volume, and rating of perceived exertion in order to determine if changes in workload contributed to risk of injury using an Acute-to-Chronic Workload ratio (ACWR).

Results

Participants developing an injury had greater shoulder internal rotator strength (p=0.04) and grip strength in a neutral position (p=0.03). A significant relationship was identified between ACWR and UE injuries (p <0.001). Athletes with an ACWR above or below 33% were 8.3 (CI95 1.8-54.1) times more likely to suffer a throwing overuse injury occurring to the upper or lower extremity in the subsequent week.

Conclusion

ACWR change in a positive or negative direction by 33% was the primary predictor of subsequent injury. This finding may assist sports medicine clinicians by using this threshold when tracking pitch volume to ensure a safe progression in workload during a baseball season to reduce the risk of sustaining overuse upper or lower extremity injuries.

Level of Evidence

3b
Medio-Lateral Hamstring Muscle Activity in Unilateral vs. Bilateral Strength Exercises in Female Team Handball Players – A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Sørensen Brian , Aagaard Per , Malchow-Møller Lasse , Zebis Mette Kreutzfeldt , Bencke Jesper
Published: June 2021

Background

Reduced activation of the hamstring muscles and specifically the medial semitendinosus muscle (ST) has been shown to be a risk factor for non-contact anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. Specific hamstring strength exercises may show high ST activity, however the effect of unilateral vs. bilateral exercise execution on ST activation remains unknown.

Purpose

To investigate selected lower limb strengthening exercises performed either unilaterally or bilaterally to identify 1) which exercise elicited the highest hamstring activation, 2) which exercise elicited the highest ST activation, and 3) to examine if unilateral exercise execution altered the medio-lateral hamstring activation pattern. Furthermore, the kinematic characteristics of each specific exercise and execution modality were determined to reveal possible causes for differences in medio-lateral hamstring activation between the different exercise conditions.

Study design

Cross-sectional study.

Methods

Single-session repeated measures were obtained in a randomized manner. Twenty-three female elite team handball players were recruited. Hamstring electromyographic (EMG) activity and 3D kinematics were obtained during selected lower limb exercises (hip thrust, kettlebell swing, Romanian deadlift). Hamstring EMG activity, normalized to maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) (nEMG), and inter-muscular activation difference between the ST and lateral hamstring biceps femoris (BF) were compared across exercises using two-way repeated measures ANOVA.

Results

Bilateral hip thrust demonstrated highest overall hamstring activity (68.9±16.6 %). Kettlebell swing (Δ13%-point, p<0.01) and Romanian deadlift (Δ20-24%-point, p<0.01) demonstrated greater ST-BF activation differences (Δ=ST-BF) in favor of ST compared to hip thrust (Δ2-7%). Positive correlations were observed between knee joint angle and ST activity in kettlebell swing and deadlift.

Conclusion

Kettlebell swing, deadlift and hip thrust all produced high activation of the hamstring muscles. Kettlebell swing and both deadlift exercises were superior in activating ST over BF, favoring these exercises in the prevention of non-contact ACL injury in female athletes, which should be evaluated in future intervention studies.

Level of evidence

3
Self-sufficiency as an object of management in the system of economic support of forestry enterprises
Authors: Pyrshin М.I.
Published: June 2021

The article investigates the essence of the concept of «self-sufficiency» of the state of the enterprise development. The main characteristics and conditions of economic activity functioning are offered. On the basis of the conducted analysis the external and internal factors that negatively affect the level of self-sufficiency of forestry enterprises are determined. It is established that today, most forest enterprises have a very low level of the management efficiency in terms of profits, investment formation due to depreciation policy and labor cost indicators. At the same time, in relative terms, this sector of the economy is characterized by the highest tax burden due to the payment of rent for special use of forest resources and payments from profits on two calculations of the general system of taxation and deductions from net income for state-owned enterprises. Summarizing the results of scientific research and applying content analysis, it is proposed to define the essence of the concept of «self-sufficiency» of forest enterprises as their ability to maintain and strengthen stable positions in certain market segments, optimize performance indicators that form added value and its structural elements on the level of systematic independent investment opportunity, and ensure the development of the relations of expanded reproduction of economic activity on the basis of rational use of its potential, as well as the creation of conditions for its increase. It is proposed to use the model of factor analysis of the ratio of value added, labor cost and net income to assess the level of self-sufficiency of forestry enterprises.
Historical aspects of the origin of strategic management accounting
Authors: Gryn V.P.
Published: June 2021

The necessity of the analysis of historical features of formation of the strategic management accounting has been grounded. The peculiarities of the crisis in management accounting in the 1980s have been determined. The requirements to the management accounting system in terms of strategic cost management have been identified. A significant increase in attention to the problems of development of strategic management accounting (demarcation with classical management accounting, separation of methods, empirical research of accounting practice) since the 2000s has been established. The lack of a unified interpretation of the concept of «strategic management accounting» among Ukrainian and foreign scientists has been identified. Characteristic features of strategic management accounting have been determined (development of management accounting with strategic orientation; external orientation (outward-oriented); future orientation (perspective orientation); application of both financial and non-financial typologies of measurement in focus on internal resources and organizational capabilities). The main purpose of strategic management accounting as the creation of information support to achieve competitive advantages and improve the performance of the enterprise has been grounded.
Foreign experience of real estate mass appraisal
Authors: Bondar M.I. , Kulyk А.A.
Published: June 2021

The article examines foreign experience in the formation and functioning of mass assessment systems on the example of individual countries. The sample of countries, on the one hand, includes the United States and Sweden as countries where the mass appraisal system has been successfully functioning for decades, and on the other hand, Lithuania, Slovenia, Belarus and Poland, where the formation of a mass appraisal system began only in the late 20th – early 21st centuries. The article covers a comparative analysis and generalization of key aspects of mass appraisal systems of selected countries such as legislative regulation of mass appraisal, administration of the mass appraisal process in the context of the division of functions and powers between key entities, accounting and analysis of input information on the economic and physical-technical characteristics of real estate objects, the use of appraisal approaches and methods for evaluating certain types of real estate, etc. As the world experience shows, the models and procedures of mass appraisal form the basis of modern value-based systems of real estate taxation, since they allow to effectively solving the problems of simultaneously evaluating a large number of objects in conditions of limited time and financial resources. That is why the results of the mass appraisal are primarily used for tax purposes, in particular, to determine the tax base for real estate tax. In some countries, the results of mass appraisal are additionally used in banking and insurance activities, as well as for the purpose of accounting and taxation of real estate in inheritance or donation, etc. Based on the analysis of foreign experience, the article discusses the problems and prospects of introducing a mass appraisal system in Ukraine, in particular, the emphasis is on the lack of appropriate legislative resolution, low openness and transparency of the real estate market, the inconsistency of existing real estate accounting registers with the information needs of mass appraisal, etc. Further research will be directed in the following directions. Firstly, the study of accounting systems for transactions with real estate and accounting systems for the physical-technical characteristics of real estate, corresponding to the information requests of the mass appraisal. Secondly, research of methods and models, development of mass appraisal procedures in accordance with the peculiarities of the local market using as the example the residential real estate market of one of Kyiv districts.
Current Situation and Measures to Improve the Ideological and Political Education among Students in Higher Vocational Institutions
Authors: Li Xianzhen
Published: June 2021

College students are the foundation for China’s long-term development plan. The ideological and political education for higher vocational institution students is particularly important. This paper firstly analyzes the current situation of ideological and political education for students in higher vocational institutions. In addition to that, following the understanding of the main problems existing in this education, this paper provides a comprehensive analysis and systematic measures for improving the ideological and political education among students in higher vocational institutions.
Familial Mediterranean fever research activity in the Arab world: the need for regional and international collaborations
Authors: Assouad Elise , El Hage Said , Safi Steven , El Kareh Antonio , Mokled Elie , Salameh Pascale
Published: June 2021

Background: Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is an autoinflammatory, multisystem disease affecting the populations of the Mediterranean basin. Aims: The aim of this study was to assess the research input of Arab countries on FMF between 2004 and 2019. Methods: The Medline database (PubMed) was accessed for FMF-related publications. The number of publications was normalized to average: population size, GDP and number of physicians for every country. VOSViewer was used to create a co-occurrence bibliographic map. Results: Between 2004 and 2019, 69 articles relating to FMF were published in the Arab world, accounting for 0.03% of the total number of publications originating in Arab countries, and 3.60% of all articles relating to FMF worldwide. After normalizing to average population size, GDP and number of physicians, Lebanon ranked first with 4.44, 0.64 and 1.99 publications per million persons respectively. Moderate positive correlations were found between number of publications and average population size (r = 0.385) and average number of physicians (r = 0.513). Half of the articles were published in journals ranked Q1 and Q2. An abundance of keywords relating to genetics hint at a main focus on the genetic aspect of the disease. Conclusion: The low number of publications could be a result of the absence of research funding and the political and military instability in the Arab world. Given that many articles were published in high quality journals, Arab countries should focus on providing a clinical aspect to their studies and working on regional and international collaborations.
Nuclear Power and National Security 2
Authors: Sabry Sahar
Published: June 2021

The book seeks in its first part to analyze the relationship between nuclear power possession and national security maintenance in the developing countries. National security is regarded as a multi-dimensional phenomenon governed by internal and external factors and associated with economic, military, social, and political aspects. It also identifies the main tendencies of the nuclear policies adopted by the developing countries possessing the nuclear powers by making a balance between the restrictions and challenges on the one hand, and requirements of national security maintenance and promotion on the other hand. In the second part, the book sheds light on Egypt in a case study. The framework of sustainable development promotion and maintenance of national security and world peace is demonstrated. A historical background for the Egyptian expertise in building the nuclear powers is presented. The author indicates that the framework of sustainable development promotion should be a general framework for setting the nuclear policies for the developing countries in general.The book offers some recommendations. These recommendations demonstrate that the parties responsible for development programs of women breadwinners should: Make efforts to assist women that cannot pay their debts. Be encouraged to offer the raw materials required for projects. Promote the marketing process of women breadwinners’ products through the development programs of women breadwinners.
AN EFFICIENT MODEL FOR THE SELECTION OF LEADERSHIP COMPETENCIES AND PERFORMANCE IMPROVEMENT FOR THE SUCCESS OF TRANSPORTATION PROJECTS
Authors: Gul Warda
Published: June 2021

Infrastructure advancement reflects its key role in the financial and socio-economic progression of Pakistan. Project execution and accomplishment majorly depend on the leadership competencies. The dynamics of leadership define the influence of a leader i.e. project manager in lead on his team to complete any type of project and make it a success. The objective of the study is to investigate the influence of project managers’ leadership competencies in light of theory explaining “The Competency School of Leadership” coupled with specific project types on project success outcomes for transport infrastructure projects. A structured questionnaire-based survey was conducted to collect data using purposive sampling from individuals that are currently or have been involved in recently completed projects in the transport infrastructure development of Lahore. A total of 152 useful responses were returned. Findings obtained using moderated regression analysis using Andrew Hayes ‘process’ technique suggest that leadership competence of project managers is insignificant for successful completion of the projects under a particular project type. Results suggest that the project managers in a leadership position when effectively and efficiently utilize their competencies of intellectual strength, managerial procedures and emotional balance for successful actualization of transport infrastructure projects. Moreover, it has been found that project managers in these projects exhibit efficacious leadership competencies that are substantial without regard to any project type in certain for their successful completion.
TURISTAS E COMUNIDADE LOCAL POSSUEM A MESMA PERCEPÇÃO DOS IMPACTOS DO TURISMO EM UMA REGIÃO DE PRAIAS FLUVIAIS?
Authors: Brito Gleicon Queiroz de , Murta Johnny Rodrigues de Melo , Silva Thallia Santana , Carneiro Adriana De Souza , Gomes Gabriela Dos Santos , Mendonça Filho Sérgio Fernandes , Salemi Luiz Felippe
Published: June 2021

O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a percepção dos turistas (TRs) e da comunidade local (CL) acerca dos impactos positivos e negativos do turismo em Cocalinho-MT, cidade situada no curso médio do rio Araguaia. A pesquisa foi realizada durante o período de alta temporada (julho/2019), por meio da aplicação de um questionário semiestruturado. Tanto TRs como a CL destacaram o impacto positivo econômico do turismo. No que se refere aos impactos negativos, ambos os grupos destacaram o impacto ambiental de tal atividade. A percepção do turismo dos TRs e da CL apontou impactos nas áreas da economia, social e ambiental. Informações como essas podem auxiliar os tomadores de decisão nas estratégias de gestão na região de Cocalinho e outras regiões turísticas similares.
Penerapan Pendidikan Karakter oleh Mahasiswa Pendidikan Kimia UIN Sunan Kalijaga
Authors: Cahyaningsih Kartika Angga , Pratiwi Nani Arum , Widiyanto Widiyanto , Aji Latief Susila , Laili Mufrita , Zamhari Muhammad
Published: June 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pemahaman dan sikap mahasiswa terhadap penerapan pendidikan karakter di Prodi Pendidikan Kimia UIN Sunan Kalijaga. Metode dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif melalui pendekatan kuantitatif dengan bantuan SPSS 26.0 for windows. Populasi penelitian adalah mahasiswa Pendidikan Kimia angkatan 2014 dan angkatan 2019 yang berjumlah sekitar 200 mahasiswa, dan diambil sampel sebesar 36% dari semua populasi mahasiswa Pendidikan Kimia yaitu sebanyak 72 mahasiswa dengan teknik proportional random sampling. Variabel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pemahaman dan sikap terhadap pendidikan karakter mahasiswa laki-laki dan perempuan Prodi Pendidikan Kimia UIN Sunan Kalijaga. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemhaman dan sikap mahasiswa laki-laki Prodi Pendidikan Kimia UIN Sunan Kalijaga didominasi dalam kategori baik, yaitu sebesar 91%, sedangkan kategori cukup baik hanya 9% dan untuk pemahaman dan sikap mahasiswa perempuan juga didominasi dalam kategori baik, yaitu sebesar 93.4%, sedangkan kategori cukup hanya 6%.
Pengetahuan mitigasi dan kapasitas kebencanaan melalui virtual meeting pada mahasiswa magister IPA Universitas Mataram
Authors: Kosim Kosim , Muhamad Makhrus , Hakim Aliefman
Published: June 2021

NTB Province is one of the areas prone to natural disasters. In 2018 there was an earthquake that destroyed infrastructure and the safety of human life. The number of casualties due to the earthquake, one of which is the lack of public knowledge about disasters. Through counseling, the increase in knowledge and capacity to reduce disaster risk in science master students at the University of Mataram. It is hoped that students as intellectual agents in the community can continue or inform their environment. Data collection methods: before and after counseling, students were given a questionnaire via google form sent via WA regarding a) disaster knowledge, b) disaster risk reduction capacity and c) disaster mitigation measures. The discussion is more devoted to earthquake disasters. Outreach was held on November 5, 2020 virtually via zoom meeting. The number of participants who took part was 45 people, consisting of 16 male students and 29 female students. The results show that it is not satisfactory, because the percentage increase in knowledge at the high level is still smaller than the percentage level at the lower level. Therefore, it is suggested that education about disaster risk capacity still needs to be disseminated.
Pelatihan perencanaan pembangunan bagi aparatur desa di Desa Baumata Utara Kecamatan Taebenu Kabupaten Kupang
Authors: Nursalam Nursalam
Published: June 2021

Abstract

The village development planning is a routine activity carried out in order to carry out development. Activities that involve many parties (stakeholders) include all members of the community and village apparatus. One of the demands is that it requires planning skills from village apparatus, their capacity is needed in order to anticipate and interpret various development programs according to the demands and needs of the community by utilizing the potential and resources available in the village. The fact indicate that the planning capacity of the apparatus is still not optimal, the indication is that the Proposed list of village development activity plans (DURK-Desa) does not reflect the potential and needs of the village. Planning training for village apparatus aims to provide planning insights so that in the end they can carry out planning functions effectively. The method used in development planning training for village apparatus is the education method, in which village apparatus are given training to be able to apply village development planning analysis techniques with courses; (1) analysis of village potential; (2) SWOT analysis and; (3) formulation of alternative proposals for village development planning. To determine the success of the training, a success evaluation method was made, namely the method; (1) program evaluation; (2) evaluation of results and; (3) final evaluation of activities. The based on the evaluation of planning training, village apparatus have been able to carry out various activities, including; carry out a simple analysis of the potential for village development; SWOT analysis on village development planning and; able to formulate various alternative proposals for village development programs / projects based on the potential and problems faced by the community.

Keywords: Development planning, competence, capacity
Recurrence rate of superficial bladder cancer with intravesical BCG and mitomycin.
Authors: Hussain Khalid , Asif Muhammad , Malik Farooq , Yasmeen Munazza , Tariq Maria , Khan Attiq-ur-Rehman
Published: June 2021

Objective: To compare the recurrence rate of superficial transitional cell carcinoma of urinary bladder using intravesical BCG and Mitomycin-C. Study Design: Randomized Controlled Trial. Setting: Urology Department, Teaching DHQ Hospital, Gujranwala. Period: November 2018, to Sep, 2019. Material & Methods: Was carried out on total 270 patients, admitted with suspicion of urothelial tumors. They were grouped in Group A and B, comprising 135 in each group. Group A received BCG and Group B received Mtiomycin-C intravesically following TUR-BT. Results: Out of 270 patients male to female ratio was 3:1. Age range of patients was between 30 to 70 years with mean of 50.0± 13.1 and 552.3 ± 12.9 years in Group A and B respectively. Recurrence was noted in 05.38% and 15.38% patients in Group A and B respectively. Regarding side effects pyrexia was associated with BCG in 27.40% patients which were self-limited in 26.66% cases however required anti-tuberculosis therapy for six months in 0.74%. Whereas only 06.67% patients receiving Mitomycin had pyrexia. Dysuria occurred in 74% and frequency in 68% patients who received BCG. Whereas Dysuria occurred in 20% and frequency in 36.29% patients who received Mitomycin-C. However genital skin rash was more common (08.14%) in Mitomycin group than BCG. Conclusion: Keeping in mind less recurrence rate and bearable toxicity, it is concluded that BCG is superior to Mitomycin. This study suggests long term follow up is required to establish recurrence in the management of superficial bladder cancer.
Assessment of health-promoting lifestyle profile and its relation with well-being of medical students: A cross sectional study.
Authors: Ullah Subhan , Anjum Mubarak Ali , Parvez Khalid , Sagheer Uzma , Sheikh Ghulam Abbas , Suqrat Humayun
Published: June 2021

Objectives: The aim of our study was to determine the importance and assessment of a health-promoting lifestyle and its possible association with well-being of medical students. Study Design: Cross Sectional Study. Setting: Aziz Fatima Medical and Dental College Faisalabad. Period: June to July 2020. Material & Methods: The English version of Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile, and WHO-5 Well-Being Index were used in our study. Results: The research was conducted with 205 medical students. From which 102(49.8%) belongs from 4-year class and 103(50.2%) from 5-year class. Based on the table, the mean age of the total participants was 22.45(±1.03) years. Among the participants, the mean score of a health-promoting lifestyle was 133.36 ±18.90, which is interpreted as moderate. Lifestyle mean score is greater in 5th-year class as compare to 4th-year class but no significant difference was found because p value is greater than 0.05 there was a significant relationship between well-being and health-promoting lifestyle. Age and gender, were associated with students lifestyles. Independent t test is used to compare the mean difference in gender and MBBS class. Chi square test is used to find the significant association between well-being categories with gender and MBBS class. Pearson correlation coefficient method is used to measure the correlation between well being and healthy lifestyles. Conclusion: A health-promoting lifestyle of students in this study was moderate and they did not have an acceptable level of physical activity. The medical students’ curriculums need to be improved to enhance health promoting lifestyles.
Students’ Satisfaction with E-learning during COVID-19 at a Private Medical College.
Authors: Iftikhar Sundus , Aziz Iqra , Shoaib Syed Hasan , Shafique Ahmad
Published: June 2021

Objective: To evaluate students’ satisfaction of E-learning at a private teaching medical college during COVID-19 lockdown. Study Design: Cross Sectional Descriptive study. Setting: Shalamar Medical and Dental College. Period: April 2020 to July 2020. Material & Methods: A standardized and validated questionnaire (SEEQ) was disseminated among MBBS students of SMDC. The questionnaire contained open ended and closed ended questions; the latter were based on likert scale. Results: A total of 365 students responded to the questionnaire with 57% and 43% of the respondents being females and males respectively. Overall, the 3rd, 4th and 5th year MBBS students seemed more satisfied with online lectures (52-54%) compared with 1st and 2nd year MBBS students (26%). The students showed dissatisfaction on assignments and assessments being taken on Moodle. The connectivity problem was seen as a major concern for the students. However the students appreciated that the sessions were recorded regularly and available on YouTube channels. Conclusion: The findings of our study showed that 1st and 2nd year students were not mentally prepared for the sudden paradigm shift from traditional to online teaching. However the students realized that gradual shift was not possible in the current scenario and were generally satisfied with E-learning. It is advisable to adopt a blended approach initially before converting the entire learning experience on online media
To determine the correlation between mean platelet count and frequency of grading of esophageal varices in patients of liver cirrhosis.
Authors: Javed Masood , Mohammad Dilshad , Masood Zain , Sheikh Ghulam Abbas , Iftikhar Muzammal , Hamed Afaira
Published: June 2021

Objectives: To determine the correlation between mean platelet count and grading of esophageal varices in patients of liver cirrhosis. Study Design: Cross Sectional study. Settings: Department of Medicine, DHQ Hospital (FMU) &AFM&DC Faisalabad. Period: 17th August 2019 to 16th February 2020. Material & Methods: A total of 105 patients liver cirrhosis with esophageal varices were included in the study according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. For assessment of platelet count 2ml blood sample was sent to hospital pathology laboratory and it was reported by the pathologist. Upper GI endoscopy was performed by gastroenterologist for confirmation and grading of oesophageal varices. Results: In our study, it was observed that 04 (3.81%) patients had grade- I EV, 34 (32.38%) Grade-II, 39 (37.14%) Grade III, 15 (14.29%) Grade IV and 13 (12.38%) patients had Grade V esophageal varices. While correlating the mean platelet count and grading of esophageal varices in patients of liver cirrhosis, it was observed that the mean platelet count of the patients with Grade-I EV was 149000± 26000, platelet count in patients with Grade-II EV was 122000 ± 26000, platelet count in patients with Grade-III EV was 100000 ± 23000, platelet count in patients with Grade-IV EV was 98000 ± 26000 and platelet count in patients with Grade-V EV was 94000 ± 22000 with correlation r value of 0.370 and p-value of 0.0001 which is statistically significant. Conclusion: This study concluded that there is inverse correlation between mean platelet count and grades of esophageal varices in patients of liver cirrhosis.
Culture Performance and Economic Return of Brown Shrimp (Metapenaeus Monoceros) at Different Stocking Densities Reared in Brackishwater Pond
Authors: Ahmmed Shawon , Islam Md. Latiful , Washim Mizanur Rahman , Begum Nilufa
Published: June 2021

Shrimp recognized as the white gold of Bangladesh because it is the second largest export earning product after garments sector. The brown shrimp (M. monoceros) have high growth rates together with that they tolerate  wide  ranges  of salinity  and environmental  parameters which makes  them  highly  attractive  for  culture purposes. The purposes of this research were to assess the culture performance and economic profitability of brown shrimp (Metapenaeus monoceros) in brackish water ponds. This research lasted from February to June 2020 under three different stocking densities such as 35, 45 and 55 individuals/m2 in treatments T1, T2 and T3 at Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Brackishwater Station, Paikgacha, Khulna. After 90 days culture periods the total production was 1703.32±144.48, 2768.25±167.63 and 2535.03±253.52 kg/ha in T1, T2 and T3 respectively which was significantly higher (p<0.05) in T2 compared to T1 and T2. Benefit cost ratio (BCR) was 0.32, 0.87 and 0.52 in T1, T2 and T3 respectively and found significantly higher (p<0.05) in T2 than T1and T3. Both culture performance and economic analysis implies that brown shrimp (M. monoceros) with a stocking density of 450000 individuals/ha might be environment conciliatory and economically enduring in coastal areas of Bangladesh.
The specifics of interpretation of the history in the story by A. Doronin «A Wolf Ravine»
Authors:   National Research Ogarev Mordovia State University, Sheyanova S. V. , Yusupova N. M. ,   Kazan Federal University
Published: June 2021

Introduction: at present the reader’s audience is particularly interested in creative experiments in which the historical fate of the Russian peasantry in the «turning» eras is artistically comprehended. The article is devoted to the study of the problem-thematic range of modern Mordovian historical prose. The subject of analysis is the peculiarity of the reception of the period of collectivization and dekulakization in the story by Erzyan prose writer A. Doronin «A Wolf Ravine». Objective: to reveal the features of the artistic reconstruction of the events of the 1930s, the modeling of the relationship between a man and society in the story by A. Doronin «A Wolf Ravine».Research materials: the story by A. Doronin «A Wolf Ravine». Results and novelty of the research: the historical story « A Wolf Ravine » for the first time becomes the object of scientific understanding and is introduced into the context of Finno-Ugric literary criticism. A. Doronin artistically interprets the real events and circumstances of the resettlement of dispossessed peasants of the Volga region to the uninhabited steppes of Kazakhstan. As a result of the study, we conclude that the actualization of this problem-thematic cluster is due to the creative concept of the historical writer; the individual author’s approach to the reconstruction of historical narrative can be traced in the writer’s desire to realistically reveal the relationship of personality and society in the tragic 1930s; to analyze intentions of people and of the psychological states of the characters. Problems of a sociopolitical nature, actualized in the story, are filled with philosophical, axiological content, and lead to a multi-faceted understanding of the «man and history» problem.
Effect of Transition Metal Dopant on the Electrical Properties of ZnO-TiO2 Films Prepared by PLD Technique
Authors: Abdul Karim Hussein Jamal , Mohammed Ghuson H.
Published: June 2021

In this article, the influence of group nano transition metal oxides such as {(MnO2), (Fe2O3) and (CuO)} thin films on the (ZnO-TiO2) electric characteristics have been analyzed. The prepared films deposited on glass substrate laser Nd-YAG with wavelength (ℷ =1064 nm) ,energy of (800mJ) and number of shots (400). The density of the film was found to be (200 nm) at room temperature (RT) and annealing temperature (573K).Using DC Conductivity and Hall Effect, we obtained the electrical properties of the films. The DC Conductivity shows that that the activation energies decrease while the σRT at annealing temperature with different elements increases the formation of mixed oxides. The Hall effect, the electrical properties of the films were described. It was observed through Hall Effect measurements that the films loaded vectors of the shape N and the type P.
Was macht Agilität mit Macht?
Authors: Busch Michael W. , Link Karin
Published: June 2021

Agilität prägt seit einigen Jahren die organisationale Beratungspraxis und wird nicht selten als das unternehmerische »Allheilmittel« für mehr Flexibilität, Mitarbeiterorientierung etc. gehandelt. Das Thema Macht – als ein zentrales Phänomen organisationaler Beeinflussungsprozesse – wird dabei kaum diskutiert. Aufbauend auf einem interdisziplinären Zugang widmen wir uns in diesem Beitrag der Frage, welche Rolle das Phänomen der Macht in agilen Organisationen einnimmt. Unser besonderer Fokus liegt hierbei auf Teams, da diese in agilen Konzepten eine zentrale Rolle einnehmen. Wir zeigen, dass in agilen Organisationen primär auf die Kraft der Überzeugung durch informale Macht und demokratische Willensbildung gesetzt wird, während in der klassisch-hierarchisch strukturierten Organisation der formalen Macht größeres Gewicht als der informalen Macht zukommt. Doch auch in agilen Organisationen sind Regeln und hierarchieähnliche »Letztentscheidungen« erforderlich. Wie genau sich diese im Einzelfall auszugestalten haben, ist durch die jeweiligen kontextuellen Gegebenheiten und Restriktionen zu klären.
TECHNOLOGY FOR CREATING THE TOPOLOGY OF PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARDS USING POLYMER 3D MASKS
Authors: Nevliudov Igor , Razumov-Fryzyuk Evgeny , Nikitin Dmytro , Bliznyuk Danila , Strelets Roman
Published: June 2021

The subject of research is the influence of factors of exposure of two-dimensional images on the topology of conductors in the manufacture of printed circuit boards by the method of three-dimensional polymer photomasks. The purpose of the work is ensuring the accuracy and preservation of the geometric dimensions of the conductors of printed circuit boards during LCD exposure of masks on the work piece. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to solve the following tasks: to analyze photolithography technology and types of polymer 3D printing; to develop a technological process for exposing photopolymer masks to a printed circuit board blank using 3D printing technologies; to conduct experimental studies to determine the optimal exposure parameters; on the basis of the empirical results obtained, to calculate the correlation coefficients of the factors for recall; to construct a linear regression model of the dependence of the deviations of the geometric dimensions of the printed conductors on the parameters of solutions for etching and exposure conditions. Results: The constructed regression models will become the basis for creating a software database that optimizes the initial images of the topology of printed conductors in the automated production of printed circuit boards. This will simplify the process of developing the topology of printed circuit boards, taking into account the real influence of the parameters of the technological operations of etching and exposure on the thickness of the tracks of the conductors of the printed circuit boards, which will reduce the proportion of rejects in the manufacture of single- and double-sided printed circuit boards. Conclusions: an LCD exposure technology and a method for studying the effects of exposure factors on the quality of printed circuit board topology are proposed, which provide sufficient empirical data to create regression models for calculating the influence of technological factors on the final dimensions of conductive paths in the production of printed circuit boards. Further development of the proposed technology will make it possible to manufacture rigid and flexible printed circuit boards completely, with conductive paths, a dielectric base, electronic elements that can be used in various devices.
Augmented Reality Marker Based Tracking Kayu Bahan Baku Kerajinan Khas Kalimantan Timur
Authors: Firdaus Muhammad Bambang , Widians Joan Angelina , Rivaldi Rozy
Published: June 2021

Kayu Kalimantan telah dikenal luas dan diperdagangan karena memiliki kayu yang berkualitas bagus, baik untuk bahan dasar bangunan maupun untuk kegunaan lain. Dari 120 jenis kayu yang telah diperdagangkan, beberapa diantaranya endemic atau asli dari Kalimantan. Beberapa jenis kayu yang endemic atau banyak berasal dari Kalimantan diantaranya adalah kayu sengon, kayu jati, kayu merbabu, kayu ulin, kayu mentibu, kayu meranti, kayu putat, dan kayu cempaka. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menciptakan sebuah aplikasi untuk memberikan informasi atau sosialisasi mengenai bidang kehutanan yang berfokus pada penggolongan dan pemanfaatan kayu khas Kalimantan Timur. Tujuan penelitian tersebut dapat dicapai melalui penggabungan teknologi Augmented Reality (AR) yang dapat menambahkan objek virtual kedalam lingkungan nyata dan teknologi mobile Android yang dimiliki hampir setiap lapisan masyarakat. Metode AR yang digunakan adalah Marker Based Tracking dikarenakan metode ini tidak memerlukan spesifikasi dan performa yang tinggi dari perangkat Android milik pengguna. Hasil pengujian perangkat menunjukan aplikasi yang dibuat dapat berjalan lancar dan cocok digunakan pada versi Android 6.0 keatas dengan aspek rasio layar 16:9. Sementara Hasil pengujian marker menunjukan kualitas marker yang dibuat tergolong baik karena dapat tetap terbaca walaupun marker tersebut terlipat, basah dan di-print dengan ukuran kertas A4 dan F4.