bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aspectos gerais da reforma penal brasileira
Authors: Toledo Francisco de Assis
Published: November 2020

Em Julho de 1980, logo no início dos trabalhos da primeira comissão de reforma — a de processo penal — tomamos a iniciativa de, através do Dr. Laércio Pellegrino, propor ao Instituto dos Advogados Brasileiros fossem abertos aqui, sob os auspícios desta tradicional instituição, os debates públicos em torno da reforma projetada. E isso de fato se fez, conforme está registrado nos anais desta casa e na apresentação do ministro da Justiça ao Anteprojeto de Código de Processo Penal de 1981. Lembro-me de que, na mesma ocasião, tomava posse, como membro efetivo do Instituto, um dos mais operosos partícipes das comissões reformadoras, o professor Rogério Lauria Tucci. No dia seguinte, outra concorrida reunião de debates realizava-se no Conselho Federal da Ordem dos Advogados do Brasil. E assim começava a ganhar corpo, publicamente, o mais recente movimento de reforma do sistema penal e processual penal brasileiro, com três anteprojetos de lei publicados, amplamente debatidos em todo o país, e com os respectivos projetos definitivos elaborados, com acolhimento de inúmeras críticas, e já entregues às autoridades' governamentais.
O Crime e seu resultado na reforma penal
Authors: Lopes Jair Leonardo
Published: November 2020

Honrado com o convite do professor Rogério Lauria Tucci para participar, como conferencista, deste I Ciclo de Estudos sobre o Direito e Processo Penal, que se realiza sob os auspícios do Instituto dos Advogados Brasileiros, cumpria-me escolher um tema acerca da reforma penal. Cada um de nós, que nos dedicamos ao estudo de determinado ramo da ciência jurídica, temos às vezes fixação intelectual em certos assuntos, que se transformam, não raro, em verdadeiras idéias obsessivas. Tais idéias, como se fossem travessos duendes, assaltam o nosso espírito, a cada momento, no correr de nossas leituras ou na vivência profissional dos casos concretos. Desde muito tempo, e foi a propósito de um caso concreto, o problema do resultado, em nosso direito penal, vem sendo objeto de minhas reflexões.
O despacho saneador no projeto do código de Processo Penal
Authors: Marques José Frederico
Published: November 2020

A introdução desse instituto nos procedimentos penais, com os preceitos de outros que o complementam, se nos afigura acertada e de grande alcance, uma vez que permitirá ao réu defender-se plenamente desde o início da relação processual, permitindo assim que só se mantenha a persecução penal, com os ulteriores atos do procedimento até final, quando houver acusação razoável e o que Beling denominava de processus instus. Desse modo se assegura com mais eficiência a defesa do direito de liberdade, bem como do status dignitatis do acusado.
Justa causa na reforma processual penal brasileira
Authors: Corrêa Plinio de Oliveira
Published: November 2020

Há mais de vinte anos que a minha geração vive a expectativa da reforma do atual Código de processo penal - CPP. Nestas duas décadas, quase todas as atenções dos estudiosos da ciência do processo penal brasileiro têm se voltado para os temas Propostos em dois conhecidos anteprojetos - o primeiro, de autoria do professor Hélio Bastos Tornaghi; e o segundo, da lavra do professor José Frederico Marques. Na verdade, essa expectativa tem acarretado vantagens e desvantagens à evolução do desenvolvimento científico-cultural nesse ramo do conhecimento jurídico.
Contratos estatais
Authors: Kosheri Ahmed Sadek El
Published: November 2020

Contratos estatais têm sido objeto de muita discussão: uns advogam a internacionalização, enquanto outros pretendem a nacionalização. Certamente existem nuanças entre as duas posições, pois alguns são pela total internacionalização e outros apenas pela parcial. Eu sinceramente penso que o problema foi posto de forma errada em muitos escritos, tal como ficou recentemente provado por uma arbitragem a que o nosso presidente já se terá referido em algumas ocasiões. O troisage, como dizem na França, produziu uma decisão unânime, em 24 de março de 1982 acerca de uma questão que eu julgo estabelecer a base, uma espécie de consenso entre as partes envolvidas nas transações em que o estado seja contratante. Resumidamente, o caso era um contrato de concessão de petróleo firmado em 1948 pelo xeque do Kuwait que nessa época não era ainda um país independente mas sim um protetorado britânico, com a companhia americana. Como contrato de concessão por sessenta anos, ele incluía as cláusulas normais, em cuja análise não vou entrar, entre elas a normalmente chamada cláusula de estabilização, o que significa que durante todo o prazo do contrato o xeque ou o seu sucessor não tinham qualquer direito a alterar ou mudar nenhuma das disposições do pacto sem o consentimento da outra parte, cláusula destinada, portanto, a estabilizar, a congelar as condições tais como eram em 1948; continha ainda a referência à arbitragem, devendo o terceiro árbitro ser designado pelo  residente britânico no Estado do Golfo.
A importância da escolha da lei do contrato internacional
Authors: Rashed Samia
Published: November 2020

Em geral, os contratos internacionais são bem delineados e até se diz que eles formam a lei dos contratos e por isso não é necessário a opção por um contrato padrão. Mas eu acho que é muito importante essa opção porque ela preenche um vácuo que existia na contratação por falta de clareza. Se tomarmos, por exemplo, a cláusula da força maior, que ontem discutimos, e um contrato não a contiver, o que acontece? A lei aplicável definirá então quando a força maior vai funcionar, qual a sua finalidade, o que se entende por força maior e tudo mais a respeito. Se, por hipótese, pegarmos um contrato feito com uma companhia do setor público, será que poderemos considerar um ato governamental como um caso de força maior? Tudo dependerá da lei aplicável. Assim, por exemplo, em 1980 foi tomada uma deliberação pela Câmara dos Lordes com uma maioria de quatro juízes. Aí se considerou que um ato do governo que impediu a empresa pública de executar o seu contrato é um caso de força maior. Por isso, quando estamos negociando um contrato, precisamos saber com que tipo de setor público estamos tratando, se ele se identifica com o próprio governo ou se existe uma entidade legal independente do governo.
A administração da ciência e tecnologia proposta para o Distrito federal
Authors: Bruni Sergio de Almeira
Published: November 2020

O presente trabalho e resultado de uma pesquisa, realizada pelo economista Sergio Bruni, ex-coordenador do Programa de Ciência e Tecnologia do Governo do Distrito Federal, cujo objetivo e propor formas de acionamento e coordenação para as atividades de C&T no Distrito Federal e Região Geoeconômica de Brasília. Encontra-se adequado a nova proposta de trabalho do Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnológico — CNPq, no sentido de desconcentrar as ações de C&T do nível federal para o estadual e o municipal, conforme Decreto n.° 75.225.
RISK FACTORS DETERMINANTS ANEMIA EVENTS IN ADOLESCENT PUSKESMAS IN KOTA SELATAN
Authors: Yulianingsih Endah , Porouw Hasnawatty Surya
Published: November 2020

Anemia is a global public health problem that needs special attention. Anemia in adolescent girls is a common problem, especially in developing countries (WHO, 2008). Anemia is a health problem that is most often found in countries both developed and developing, including Indonesia .. The prevalence of anemia in Indonesia is not so much with the global anemia prevalence rate is 21.7% where the prevalence of anemia has been entered into the category of public health problems was that it should receive special attention. Teenagers are particularly at risk age group the incidence of anemia due to nutritional needs particularly iron exceeds the needs of other age groups due to accelerated growth and increased physical activity. This study aims to determine the factors associated with the incidence of anemia among adolescent girls in Puskesmas Kota Selatan Kota Gorontalo. Type with a cross-sectional study using bivariate test by chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression test. This research instrument using a questionnaire. The results of this study indicate that there is a relationship between the age of menarche (p = 0.001), knowledge (p = 0.000), maternal education (p = 0.000), the pattern of menstruation (p = 0.000), BMI (p = 0.009), menstruation (p = 0.003). The most dominant factor to the incidence of anemia among adolescent girls in Puskesmas South City Gorontalo is a factor of knowledge with p value 0.001 exp B = 2.650 (CI 1.643 to 4770), which means that respondents who have a good knowledge will likely 2,
Perspectives of Child Life Specialists After Many Years of Working With a Humanoid Robot in a Pediatric Hospital: Narrative Design
Authors: Beran Tanya , Pearson Jacqueline Reynolds , Lashewicz Bonnie , Baggott Sandy
Published: November 2020

Background

Child life specialists (CLSs) play an important role in supporting patients and their families during their visits to a children’s hospital. Although CLSs are equipped with considerable expertise to support families during some of the most difficult moments of their lives, we introduced an additional resource to them in the form of a humanoid robot named MEDi.

Objective

The aim of this study is to explore the experiences of CLSs using a robot to support children.

Methods

We interviewed 7 CLSs who had worked with this robot for several years. The transcribed interviews were analyzed using open and axial coding.

Results

The first main theme that emerged was the process of navigating from fear to friendship in learning to use a humanoid robot for therapeutic support. The second major theme was MEDi as a source of connection and support to children. CLSs’ perceptions of MEDi as an adaptable resource and working with the limits of MEDi constituted the last 2 themes.

Conclusions

These descriptions show how CLSs can incorporate a robot into their practice.
Prevalence of and Factors Associated With Eustachian Tube Dysfunction Among the Public in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia: Cross-Sectional Survey-Based Study (Preprint)
Authors: Alshehri Khalid A , Saggaf Omar M , Alshamrani Hussein M , Alnefaie Abdulrahman Mutlaq , Alghamdi Khalid B
Published: November 2020

BACKGROUND

Obstruction of the Eustachian tube is a common condition that is unpleasant and might lead to various middle ear disorders.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of Eustachian tube dysfunction (ETD) among the public in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

METHODS

This cross-sectional survey-based study was conducted in Jeddah during August 2018 by distributing an electronic survey form to participants from different districts of the city. All male and female residents of Jeddah aged 10 years and above had the chance to participate in this study.

RESULTS

A total of 2372 participants (female, 1535/2372, 64.71%; male, 837/2372, 35.28%; mean age 31.31 years, SD 11.85 years) agreed to contribute to our study. Upon analysis of their answers to the questionnaire, the overall prevalence of ETD in our sample was found to be 42.49% (1008/2372). The prevalence was higher among participants who reported a previous diagnosis of ETD and hearing loss (1897/2372, 80.00% and 1902/2372, 80.21%, respectively). Additionally, participants with a family history of hearing loss had a significantly higher prevalence (1136/2372, 47.92%) of ETD than those with no family history of hearing loss. Our analysis also showed that females were at a greater risk of developing ETD than males (P=.01).

CONCLUSIONS

As per our prevalence data, ETD is a common disease in Jeddah, pointing to the need for more attention, awareness, and research.
Machine Learning Approach to Reduce Alert Fatigue Using a Disease Medication–Related Clinical Decision Support System: Model Development and Validation (Preprint)
Authors: Poly Tahmina Nasrin , Islam Md.Mohaimenul , Muhtar Muhammad Solihuddin , Yang Hsuan-Chia , Nguyen Phung Anh (Alex) , Li Yu-Chuan (Jack)
Published: November 2020

BACKGROUND

Computerized physician order entry (CPOE) systems are incorporated into clinical decision support systems (CDSSs) to reduce medication errors and improve patient safety. Automatic alerts generated from CDSSs can directly assist physicians in making useful clinical decisions and can help shape prescribing behavior. Multiple studies reported that approximately 90%-96% of alerts are overridden by physicians, which raises questions about the effectiveness of CDSSs. There is intense interest in developing sophisticated methods to combat alert fatigue, but there is no consensus on the optimal approaches so far.

OBJECTIVE

Our objective was to develop machine learning prediction models to predict physicians’ responses in order to reduce alert fatigue from disease medication–related CDSSs.

METHODS

We collected data from a disease medication–related CDSS from a university teaching hospital in Taiwan. We considered prescriptions that triggered alerts in the CDSS between August 2018 and May 2019. Machine learning models, such as artificial neural network (ANN), random forest (RF), naïve Bayes (NB), gradient boosting (GB), and support vector machine (SVM), were used to develop prediction models. The data were randomly split into training (80%) and testing (20%) datasets.

RESULTS

A total of 6453 prescriptions were used in our model. The ANN machine learning prediction model demonstrated excellent discrimination (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUROC] 0.94; accuracy 0.85), whereas the RF, NB, GB, and SVM models had AUROCs of 0.93, 0.91, 0.91, and 0.80, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of the ANN model were 0.87 and 0.83, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS

In this study, ANN showed substantially better performance in predicting individual physician responses to an alert from a disease medication–related CDSS, as compared to the other models. To our knowledge, this is the first study to use machine learning models to predict physician responses to alerts; furthermore, it can help to develop sophisticated CDSSs in real-world clinical settings.
The Use of Social Media for Health Research Purposes: Scoping Review (Preprint)
Authors: Bour Charline , Ahne Adrian , Schmitz Susanne , Perchoux Camille , Dessenne Coralie , Fagherazzi Guy
Published: November 2020

BACKGROUND

As social media are increasingly used worldwide, more and more scientists are relying on them for their health-related projects. However, social media features, methodologies, and ethical issues are unclear so far because, to our knowledge, there has been no overview of this relatively young field of research.

OBJECTIVE

This scoping review aimed to provide an evidence map of the different uses of social media for health research purposes, their fields of application, and their analysis methods.

METHODS

We followed the scoping review methodologies developed by Arksey and O’Malley and the Joanna Briggs Institute. After developing search strategies based on keywords (eg, social media, health research), comprehensive searches were conducted in the PubMed/MEDLINE and Web of Science databases. We limited the search strategies to documents written in English and published between January 1, 2005, and April 9, 2020. After removing duplicates, articles were screened at the title and abstract level and at the full text level by two independent reviewers. One reviewer extracted data, which were descriptively analyzed to map the available evidence.

RESULTS

After screening 1237 titles and abstracts and 407 full texts, 268 unique papers were included, dating from 2009 to 2020 with an average annual growth rate of 32.71% for the 2009-2019 period. Studies mainly came from the Americas (173/268, 64.6%, including 151 from the United States). Articles used machine learning or data mining techniques (60/268) to analyze the data, discussed opportunities and limitations of the use of social media for research (59/268), assessed the feasibility of recruitment strategies (45/268), or discussed ethical issues (16/268). Communicable (eg, influenza, 40/268) and then chronic (eg, cancer, 24/268) diseases were the two main areas of interest.

CONCLUSIONS

Since their early days, social media have been recognized as resources with high potential for health research purposes, yet the field is still suffering from strong heterogeneity in the methodologies used, which prevents the research from being compared and generalized. For the field to be fully recognized as a valid, complementary approach to more traditional health research study designs, there is now a need for more guidance by types of applications of social media for health research, both from a methodological and an ethical perspective.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

RR2-10.1136/bmjopen-2020-040671
Impact of Internet Use on Cognitive Decline in Middle-Aged and Older Adults in China: Longitudinal Observational Study (Preprint)
Authors: Yu Xinyue , Mu Aruhan , Wu Xiang , Zhou Liqin
Published: November 2020

BACKGROUND

Given that cognitive decline lacks effective treatment options and has severe implications for healthy aging, internet use may achieve nonpharmacological relief of cognitive decline through cognitive stimulation and social engagement.

OBJECTIVE

This longitudinal study aimed to investigate the relationship between the diversity, frequency, and type of internet use and cognitive decline, and to provide theoretical support and suggestions for mitigating cognitive decline in middle-aged and older adults.

METHODS

Data were obtained from a total of 10,532 survey respondents from the China Family Panel Studies database from wave 3 (2014) and wave 5 (2018) of the survey. Cognitive function was measured using vocabulary tests, and internet use was categorized into five aspects: study, work, socializing, entertainment, and commercial-related activities. Associations between the diversity, frequency, and type of internet use and cognitive decline were estimated by controlling for demographic variables and health status risk factors through fixed-effects models.

RESULTS

After controlling for demographic and health status risk factors, the type and frequency of internet use were found to be associated with cognitive functioning during the subsequent 4-year period, and different types of internet use had different effects on cognitive decline. Frequency of internet use of at least once a week for study (β=0.620, 95% CI 0.061 to 1.180; P=.04), work (β=0.896, 95% CI 0.271 to 1.520; P=.01), and entertainment (β=0.385, 95% CI –0.008 to 0.778; P=.06), as well as less than once a week for social purposes (β=0.860, 95% CI 0.074 to 1.650; P=.06), were associated with better cognitive function. Frequency of internet use of less than once a week for commercial-related activities (β=–0.906, 95% CI –1.480 to –0.337; P=.005) was associated with poorer cognitive function. Using the internet for more than one type of activity (β=0.458, 95% CI 0.065 to 0.850; P=.03) and at least once a week (β=0.436, 95% CI 0.066 to 0.806; P=.02) was associated with better cognitive function.

CONCLUSIONS

This study shows that breadth and depth of internet use are positively associated with cognitive function and that different types of internet use have different roles in cognitive decline. The importance of the internet as a nonpharmacological intervention pathway for cognitive decline is emphasized. Future research could explore specific mechanisms of influence.
Aproximación a la tecnología cerámica y metalúrgica en las quebradas altas del Noroeste Argentino
Authors: Castellanos María Cecilia , Becerra María Florencia , Williams Verónica Isabel
Published: November 2020

This paper presents the analysis of the first pieces of evidence of metallurgical production recovered during the study carried out in the settlement of Tacuil, dated from Late-Inca period, located in the middle-high Valle Calchaquí, Salta. These samples are fragments of metallurgical ceramics (moulds, crucibles, and intermediaries) and pieces of metal. The morphological analysis and compositional characterization of these pieces of evidence show the set of operations involved in the metallurgical activity carried out in the site: smelting of copper minerals or metallic copper, use of bronze (copper-tin alloy), manufacture of objects from the common repertoire of Late period in the Northwest of Argentina (possible chisels, T-axes and plain axes) and the employment of a white substance (mainly made of calcium and phosphorous) to facilitate unmolding and to minimize irregularities in the surfaces of the produced metal objects. It is clear to see the close link between the traditions of ceramic and metallurgical production. These analytical results are discussed, integrating them with the previous pieces of research developed in neighboring regions.
Reflexiones sobre el concepto de trabajador al servicio del Estado en México y su régimen laboral aplicable: ¿Trabajadores al servicio del Estado, empleados públicos, funcionarios o burócratas?
Authors: Rueda Rodriguez Alma Elena
Published: November 2020

El texto original de la Constitución Política de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos de 1917 no regulaba las relaciones laborales del Estado con sus trabadores, sino que esta regulación fue el resultado de una reforma constitucional publicada en 1960. En la actualidad, para poder comprender cuál es el régimen laboral aplicable a los trabajadores de la Administración Pública Federal, no basta con consultar la normativa aplicable a la materia, sino que se deben conocer los criterios jurisprudenciales emitidos por la Suprema Corte de Justicia de la Nación en su ejercicio interpretativo, jurisprudencias que afinan la parte procesal de la materia. Por lo anterior, este artículo tiene como objetivo brindar a los iuslaboralistas un panorama actualizado sobre cuál es el régimen laboral y exponer algunas reflexiones sobre una necesaria reforma al apartado “B” del artículo 123 constitucional y a la Ley Federal de los Trabajadores al Servicio del Estado.
Distinciones sobre caducidad y prescripción en relación con el principio de inmediatez en la acción de tutela
Authors: Gómez Martínez Diego León
Published: November 2020

Este artículo tiene como objetivo general distinguir el principio de inmediatez que ha sido creado por la Corte Constitucional en materia de acción de tutela, de las reglas de caducidad y prescripción extintiva. Para ello, en primer lugar, se realizan algunas precisiones sobre la acción de tutela en cuanto a su “naturaleza” jurídica, su origen y sus características. En segundo lugar, se hace un análisis conceptual de la caducidad, la prescripción y el principio de inmediatez. En tercer lugar, se procede a concretar las distinciones entre estás tres “figuras” jurídicas a través de sus condiciones definitorias observadas en el discurso jurídico. Finalmente se deja planteada una conclusión.
Comentarios a la presentación del dictamen Ley Federal de Telecomunicaciones y Radiodifusión (derechos de las audiencias)
Authors: Zeind Chávez Marco Antonio
Published: November 2020

Comentarios a la presentación del dictamen Ley Federal de Telecomunicaciones y Radiodifusión (derechos de las audiencias) presentada por el senador Miguel Romo Medina (26/10/17).
An index of municipality-level vulnerability to COVID-19 in Mexico
Authors: Avila-Ortega Daniel Itzamna , Flores-Santana Cynthia
Published: November 2020

In face to the novel COVID-19 and the high mortality ratio associated with different comorbidities in Mexico (and elsewhere), we identified the need to characterize the risk of regional population to COVID-19, exclusively as a result of their health status. With data from the 2018 National Health and Nutrition Survey (ENSANUT), we have calculated a vulnerability index that includes hypertension, diabetes, obesity, chronic renal insufficiency, smoking, and cardiovascular diseases, as well as age cohort and sex at the municipal level. With the vulnerability index we calculated the population at risk and, in combination with hospitalization beds, the population that can be effectively treated at each municipality. Although, COVID-19 has already hit Mexico, the index serves as a planning policy tool to implement preventive actions on those vulnerable regions. We show that, given unhealthy habits, the population at risk in Mexico is close to 78.2 million. Particularly, we observed that poor areas have less comorbidities than rich areas. However, they also have poorer access to health infrastructure which diminishes municipalities’ resilience to COVID-19. Furthermore, highly populated municipalities appear to have a higher vulnerability index
Spatio-temporal viewer on the incidence of cases of Covid-19 in the Mexico-United States cross-border strip
Authors: Martínez-Zazueta Iván Alejandro , Osorno-Covarrubias Francisco Javier
Published: November 2020

This paper presents an interactive geo-visualizer on the incidence of Covid-19 cases, as well as the associated mortality, in the US-Mexico cross-border strip. This tool allows to compare the evolution of the pandemic process in border municipalities and counties, using interactive graphs that show accumulated case and death curves. The map includes the information of confirmed cases of Covid-19 until August 31, 2020 in the 25 US counties and 38 Mexican municipalities adjacent to the border line, which extend from San Diego/Tijuana to Cameron/Matamoros. It also includes information on the number of border crossings per person from January to July 2020, the purpose of which is to compare the incidence of cases with the behavior of cross-border mobility.
Numerical Simulation of the Storm Surge at the Sakhalin Island Southern Part on November 15, 2019
Authors: Zaytsev A. I. ,   Special Research Bureau for Automation of Marine Researches, Far Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, Russian Federation, Pelinovsky E. N. ,   Institute of Applied Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Nizhny Novgorod, Russian Federation, Dogan D. ,   Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey, Yalciner B. ,   Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey, Yalciner A. ,   Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey, Kurkin A. A. ,   Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University n. a. R. E. Alekseev, Nizhny Novgorod, Russian Federation, Moskvitin A. A. ,   Special Research Bureau for Automation of Marine Researches, Far Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, Russia
Published: November 2020

Purpose. Investigation of the storm surge in Korsakov in the southern part of the Sakhalin Island on November 15, 2019 and comparison of the results of its numerical simulation with the data of in situ measurements constitute the aim of the article. Methods and Results. In situ measurements of the storm surge in Korsakov (the Sakhalin region) were performed and the data on the flooded area dimensions were collected. A storm period on the Sakhalin Island is almost the annual event in an autumn-winter season. The severe storm that happened in the southern Sakhalin region on November 15, 2019 led to flooding of the port territory in Korsakov. Due to the NAMI-DANCE computational complex, the storm surge was numerically simulated within the framework of the system of shallow water equations in the spherical coordinates on the rotating Earth with the regard for the friction force and the atmospheric effect. The calculations included the data on temporal and spatial distribution of the wind speed at the altitude 10 m taken from the Climate Forecast System Reanalysis database. The data on the atmospheric pressure were not applied in simulations since the atmosphere pressure gradient at the area under study was small. The simulation was carried out in the course of three days. The simulations showed that in 20 hours after the wind forcing had started, the water level in the port increased up to its maximum values, and did not fall the whole day. The water level maximum heights were concentrated in the southwestern part of the Aniva Bay. At that the calculated current speeds reached 2 m/s. During the storm, at the wind speed up to 15 m/s, the storm surge height in the Korsakov port area constituted 1.7 m, whereas the width of the flooded zone was up to 200 m. These results are confirmed well by the in situ measurement data. Conclusions. The simulation values of the power characteristics for the above-mentioned storm are represented in the paper. The Froude number square reaches 0.03 in the Korsakov city port area, and spatial distribution of the wave strength moment is up to 1 m3/s2. Field measurements and eyewitness reports confirm the evidence of a powerful impact of a storm surge upon the port constructions.
Dynamics of Underwater Bar of Sandy Coast under the Influence of Wave Action According to the Monitoring Observations
Authors: Korzinin D. V. ,   Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Moscow, Russian Federation, Shtremel M. N. ,   Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: November 2020

Purpose. Morphodynamic system of the accumulative sandy coast can include one or more underwater bars. Position and shape of the underwater bar can reflect both seasonal changes of the coastal profile and its unidirectional movements landward and seaward. Determination of the character of the underwater bar movement under the influence of various wave conditions permits to reveal common factors of the coastal deposit multidirectional transport along the coast profile. Methods and Results. The results of field observations of morphodynamics of a section of the Baltic Spit sandy coast (600 m length) were analyzed. From May to November 2019, a series of measurements of the coastal zone relief were conducted. The obtained data were analyzed along with the wave regime parameters (reanalysis ERA5 data was used). The coastal profile of the area under study is complicated by the external underwater bar with its crest located at the depth 2.65 m, and by the internal one of a crescent shape. Conclusions. Analysis of displacement of the external underwater bar from May to November showed that this form was of a morphodynamics two-dimensional character, i.e. it possessed the same morphometric characteristics along the coast. It was revealed that the underwater bar crest was located at the depths close to those of wave breaking during the most recent relatively strong and sustainable storm. Based on this concept as well as on the available literature data on the relationship between a wave height and dynamics of an underwater bar crest, described is the landward displacement (recorded during the observation period) of the external underwater bar. Due to the field data, it was shown that the underwater bar morphodynamics was effected both by duration of individual waves and by difference between the wave parameters of a sequence of storm events.
Frictionally Decaying Frontal Warm-Core Eddies
Authors: Rubino A. ,   Dipartimento di Scienze Ambientali, Informatica e Statistica, Università Ca’Foscari, Venice, Italy, Dotsenko S. ,   Marine Hydrophysical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Sevastopol, Russia
Published: November 2020

Purpose. The dynamics of nonstationary, nonlinear, axisymmetric, warm-core geophysical surface frontal vortices affected by Rayleigh friction is investigated semi-analytically using the nonlinear, nonstationary reduced-gravity shallow-water equations. The scope is to enlarge the number of known (semi)analytical solutions of nonstationary, nonlinear problems referring to geophysical problems and even to pave the way to their extension to broader geometries and/or velocity fields. Methods and Results. The used method to obtain the solutions is based on the decomposition of the original equations in a part expressing their prescribed spatial structure, so that they can be transformed into ordinary differential equations depending on time only. Based on that analytical procedure, the solutions are then found numerically. In this frame, it is found that vortices characterized by linear distributions of their radial velocity and arbitrary structures of their section and azimuthal velocity can be described exactly by a set of nonstationary, nonlinear coupled ordinary differential equations. The first-order problem (i. e., that describing vortices characterized by a linear azimuthal velocity field and a quadratic section) consists of a system of 4 differential equations, and each further order introduces in the system three additional ordinary differential equations and two algebraic equations. In order to illustrate the behavior of the nonstationary decaying vortices and to put them in the context of observed dynamics in the World Ocean, the system’s solution for the first-order and for the second-order problem is then obtained numerically using a Runge-Kutta method. The solutions demonstrate that inertial oscillations and an exponential attenuation dominate the vortex dynamics: expansions and shallowings, contractions and deepenings alternate during an exact inertial period while the vortex decays. The dependence of the vortex dissipation rate on its initial radius is found to be non-monotonic: it is higher for small and large radii. The possibility of solving (semi)analytically complex systems of differential equations representing observed physical phenomena is rare and very valuable. Conclusions. Our analysis adds realism to previous theoretical investigations on mesoscale vortices, represents an ideal tool for testing the accuracy of numerical models in simulating nonlinear, nonstationary frictional frontal phenomena in a rotating ocean, and paves the way to further extensions of (semi-) analytical solutions of hydrodynamical geophysical problems to more arbitrary forms and more complex density stratifications.
Pemberdayaan Ibu Rumah Tangga Penyintas Bencana Alam Kota Palu Melalui Pelatihan Hidroponik Untuk Meningkatkan Ketahanan Pangan Keluarga Dan Masyarakat
Authors: Ramlan Ramlan , Masrianih Masrianih , Bohari Bohari
Published: November 2020

Berdasarkan analisis situasi diketahui bahwa sebagian besar ibu-ibu warga penyintas bencana alam di Kota Palu berprofesi sebagai ibu rumah tangga, sehingga mereka mempunyai waktu yang cukup banyak untuk melakukan kegiatan yang mampu menambah penghasilan. Permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh masyarakat karena tidak memiliki ketrampilan dalam mengelola lahan pekarangan menjadi produktif. Solusi yang ditawarkan adalah dengan meningkatkan pengetahuan dan ketrampilan ibu rumah tangga penyintas bencana alam dalam melakukan pelatihan hidroponik di lahan pekarangan agar dapat membantu masyarakat dalam menyediakan pangan yang sehat dan bergizi serta mendukung ketahanan pangan masyarakat. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk membantu masyarakat sasaran dalam mengembangkan lahan pekarangan untuk menghasilkan budidaya sayuran organik untuk pemenuhan pangan dan gizi serta pendapatan ibu rumah tangga. Kegiatan akan melatih dan mendampingi masyarakat dalam memanfaatkan sumber daya lokal secara optimal khususnya dalam mengelola lahan pekarangan secara intensif. Untuk dapat mencapai tujuan dari program tersebut, metode yang akan dilakukan adalah pemberdayaan masyarakat bagi kelompok sasaran dengan kegiatan meliputi: (1) Pelatihan bercocok tanam atau berkebun dengan sistem hidroponik, (2) pendampingan pengelolaan lahan pekarangan secara intensif dengan melibatkan sumber daya keluarga bersama kelompok masyarakat sasaran secara partisipatif. Hasil kegiatan yaitu terlaksananya sosialiasi kepada masyarakat sasaran tentang bercocok tanam dengan system hidroponik yang ditandai dengan terbentuknya model hidroponik yang siap untuk digunakan oleh masyarakat
Pelatihan Pembuatan Olahan Aneka Kue Berbasis Umbi-Umbian Di Kelurahan Lambara Kota Palu
Authors: Bohari Bohari , Rahman Nurdin , Ariani Ariani , Pradana Fendi
Published: November 2020

Sampai saat ini umumnya pemanfaatan umbi-bumbian hanya dikonsumsi dalam bentuk segar ataupun direbus hal ini dikarenakan kurangnya pengetahuan dan keterampilan tentang pengolahan kue berbahan dasar umbi-umbian khususnya ibu-ibu kader kesehatan di Kelurahan Lambara, Kota Palu. Tujuan yang ingin dicapai dari kegiatan pengabdian pada masyarakat ini adalah meningkatkan pengetahuan peserta dalam pembuatan aneka kue berbasis umbi-umbian, memberikan ketrampilan cara pembuatan aneka kue berbasis umbi-umbian, memberikan pengetahuan dan ketrampilan cara menghitung nilai gizi, biaya produksi dan harga jualnya untuk dipasarkan. Manfaat dari yang dicapai dalam kegiatan pengabdian pada masyarakat ini adalah peserta dapat mengetahui cara membuat aneka kue berbasis umbi-umbian untuk menjadi makanan yang lebih menarik dan bervariatif, peserta memiliki keterampilan pembuatan aneka kue berbasis umbi-umbian untuk menjadi kue yang lebih menarik dan bervariatif, dapat meningkatkan pendapatan ibu-ibu kader kesehatan yang berdampak pada peningkatan kesejahteraan keluarga di Kelurahan Lambara Kota Palu. Metode yang akan digunakan dalam kegiatan pelatihan ini adalah: 1) Metode ceramah : digunakan untuk  menjelaskan materi tentang macam-macam pegolahan kue berbasis umbi-umbian. 2) Metode Praktek : digunakan untuk mempraktekkan macam-macam kue berbasis umbi-umbian. 3) Metode Diskusi : Dilakukan setelaj kegiatan selesai kegiatan pelatihan untuk mengetahui respon peserta. Peserta dalam kegiatan pelatihan ini adalah ibu-ibu kader kesehatan di Kelurahan Lambara Kota Palu. Hasil kegiatan yaitu para peserta berhasil membuat brownis dan cookies ubi ungu, serta mendapatkan informasi nilai gizi dan nilia ekonomi dari kue yang dibuat
Determination of Calcium Level (Ca) and Iron (Fe) on Red and Green Spinaches at Parigi Moutong
Authors: Febriyani Vina , Rahman Nurdin , Ratman Ratman
Published: November 2020

This research aims to determine calcium level (Ca) and iron (Fe) on red and green spinaches at Parigi Moutong. The method used in this research is spectrodirect method. The research result shows that the calcium level (Ca) and iron (Fe) on green spinach was 0.97 mg/kg and red spinach was 58.33 mg/kg at Pelawa village, while the calcium level (Ca) and iron (Fe) on green spinach was 0.62 mg/kg and red spinach was 50.39 mg/kg. From the research results obtained, it can be seen that the level of calcium and iron on red and green spinach in where the red spinach levels higher than the green spinach levels.
Crude Bromelain Enzyme Activities Based on Maturity Level of Pineapple
Authors: Poba Detris , Ijirana Ijirana , Sakung Jamaludin
Published: November 2020

Utilization of pineapple is always focused on consumption for fresh fruit and animal feed. many people do not know the other benefits of pineapple. The presence of protease enzymes in it, increasing its utilization. The enzyme is bromelin, which can be obtained by isolating it from pineapple. For this reason, the aim of this study is to isolate the crude bromelain enzyme based on the maturity level of pineapple and then test its proteolytic activity. Pineapple was blended, then the filtrate was deposited, then centrifuged to obtain crude bromelain which is dried by the drying method and tested for its activity using milk substrate. The results showed that old pineapple is the best level of maturity and the sun is the best drying method with proteolytic activity of 0.053 and 0.056 MCU/mg respectively. Its optimum activity is pH 5.8 and 55 oC.
Determination of Iron (Fe) and Copper (Cu) on Pellets from Fermentation of Mozambique Tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) using Goat Dirt Adhesives
Authors: Pariama Verren T. M. , Abram Paulus H.
Published: November 2020

Tilapia fish waste and livestock manure are an environmental problem, besides being smelly pollution will also cause disease disorders for humans. The purpose of this study was to determine the levels of micronutrients of iron (Fe) and copper (Cu) on pellets from the fermentation of waste tilapia (oreochromis mossambicus) using adhesive goat manure. Fish waste was fermented for 15 days and mixed with adhesive goat manure and then was processed in a pellet making machine. The Fe and Cu levels were determined using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). The results of the determination of levels Fe was 137 ppm and for Cu was 4.1 ppm.
Application of Cooperative Learning Model of Two Stay-Two Stray (TSTS) Type on the Reaction Rate Material on the Students’ Learning Outcomes in Class XI SMA Negeri 1 Banawa Tengah
Authors: Alfiani Alfiani , Said Irwan , Tiwow Vanny M. A.
Published: November 2020

This study aims to analyze the influence of students’ learning outcomes on reaction rate by applying the cooperative learning model type TSTS (two stay-two stray) in class XI SMA Negeri 1 Banawa Tengah. The type of research was quasi-experimental (quasi-experimental research) with a nonrandomized pretest-posttest control group design. This study was conducted on two classes, namely class XI IPA 1 as an experimental (n= 32) and class XI IPA 2 as the control class (n= 32). Analysis data used the two-party t-test statistical with the prerequisite test, namely normality and homogeneity test. The results showed that the learning outcomes of students in the experimental class X̅1was 76.93 with a standard deviation = 8.62 while in the control class X̅2 was 72.06 with a standard deviation= 8.53. The results of hypothesis testing obtained – ttable≤ tcount + ttable which was -1.67 <3.25> +1.67 with a significant level (α= 0.05) and degrees of freedom = 62. This showed that H0 was rejected and H1was accepted it can be concluded that there is an effect of the application of the two stay-two stray (TSTS) type cooperative learning model on the reaction rate to the students’ learning outcomes of class XI SMA Negeri 1 Banawa Tengah.
Determination of Total Flavonoid Contents and Antioxidant Activity of Leucaena Leucocephala Leaves's Extract
Authors: Hidayat Taupik , Hamzah Baharuddin , Jura Minarni R.
Published: November 2020

The study of the determination of total flavonoid contents and antioxidant activity of extract of Leucaena leucocephala leaves had been carried out using UV-Vis spectrophotometry method. This study aimed to determine the total flavonoid contents and the antioxidant power of Leucaena leucocephala extract. Extraction of chemical content from Leucaena leucocephala was carried out by the maceration method using absolute ethanol. The total flavonoid contents from the sample extract were taken up for absorption at wavelength 510 nm and 700 nm. The variation of the concentration of Leucaena leucocephala leaves' extract was respectively 20, 40, 60, and 80 ppm. The results of the study showed that the total flavonoid contents of extracts of Leucaena leucocephala leaves was 2.242 g/100 grams. The antioxidant activity of Leucaena leucocephala leaves extract was carried out using DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazine) and the measurement of absorption was at a wavelength of 517 nm, and by varying the sample concentration. Positive control used was vitamin C solution with the same variation of extract's concentration. The results showed that the IC50 values of Leucaena leucocephala leaves extract and vitamin C were 175.388 and 28.907 ppm. Based on the IC50 data it can be stated that the antioxidant vitamin C was stronger than the Leucaena leucocephala leaves extract which was classified as a weak type of natural antioxidant.
Effect of Cooperative Learning Model STAD Type Based on Mind Mapping toward Students’ Learning Outcomes on Chemical Bond Material in 10th Grade SMA Negeri 1 North Parigi
Authors: Nurhijrah Nurhijrah , Abram Paulus H. , Aminah Sitti
Published: November 2020

This study aimed to describe the effect of cooperative learning model STAD type based on mind mapping toward students’ learning outcomes on chemical bond material in 10th Grade SMA Negeri 1 North Parigi. This type of research was quasi experiment with a non-randomized pretest posttest control group design. Sampling was done based on special considerations (purposive sampling). The sample used in this study were students of class X Science 1 as the experimental class (n = 22) and class X Science 2 as the control class (n = 23). The results of data analysis obtained the average value ( ) of the experimental class was 72.18 with a standard deviation of 13.12, while  of the control class was 66.21 with a standard deviation of 10.04. The results of hypothesis testing with one-party t-test statistics (right party) obtained a value of tcount = 6.03 and ttable = 1.68 with a significant level of ( ) = 0.05 and dk = 43. This indicated that H0 was rejected and H1 was accepted so it can be concluded that learning outcomes with cooperative learning model STAD type based mind mapping was higher than the direct learning model on chemical bonding.
KONSTRUKSI PEMIKIRAN TASAWUF WUJUDIYAH DALAM NASKAH AMBULUNG DI KALIMANTAN SELATAN
Authors: Kolis Nur
Published: November 2020

This article aims to refute the opinion that states, Sufism as a static construction of orthodox thought. It is done by looking deeply into the dynamic dimensions of Sufism and capturing the side of transformation that occurs, as seen in the Ambulungmanuscript in South Kalimantan. Starting from three main issues, related to; mapping the contextual (transformative) dimensions of Sufism in the Ambulung manuscript; various factors influencing the transition of Sufism understanding construction in the Ambulung manuscript; and the construction process of Sufism’s teaching concept in the Ambulungmanuscript, the results of the study show that the Sufism’s teaching in the Ambulung manuscript is a wujudiyyah concept which is full of controversy in the Islamic history. This manuscript is only studied by the sir (special or limited) community, whose participants are limited for Sufism teachers. Not for the public audience, because of its teachings are considered potentially being misunderstood. The teachings contained in this manuscript, indirectly persuade people to dynamically think moderately,through understanding tauhid wujudiyyah which are tolerant and openness to the diversity.
Concept of cycle threshold values in SARS-CoV-2 positive patients at childbirth admission: a retrospective observational study
Authors: Greenberg Victoria , Grechukhina Olga , Cate Jennifer , Landry Marie-Louise , Pettker Christian , Campbell Katherine
Published: November 2020

Objective To evaluate relationships between cycle threshold values and
COVID-19 presentations and clinical courses in women presenting for
childbirth. Cycle threshold values from polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
testing are inversely proportional to viral burden and may be important
predictors of disease state and infectivity risk. Design Retrospective
cohort study Setting Three Yale-New Haven Health Hospitals between
4/2/2020-5/14/2020 Population Women presenting for childbirth who
underwent SARS-CoV-2 PCR testing Methods Electronic health records were
reviewed for socio-demographics, medical comorbidities, pregnancy and
postpartum course, and COVID-19 symptoms and exposures. Records of
SARS-CoV-2 positive women were reviewed for symptom onset, duration, and
relation to test timing, disease course, and neonatal SARS-CoV-2
results. Main Outcome Measures SARS-CoV-2 real-time PCR cycle threshold
values from positive tests were compared between asymptomatic and
symptomatic women and in relation to disease severity. In women with
symptomatic COVID-19, cycle threshold values were evaluated as a
function of time since symptom onset. Results 1,210 women gave birth
during the study period with 84 (6.9%) positive for SARS-CoV-2. Higher
cycle threshold values were seen in asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 positive
patients (8/38 (21.1%) of asymptomatic women had cycle threshold
<30 compared to 22/32 (68.0%) of symptomatic women,
p<0.0001). In symptomatic women, values increased as time from
symptom onset increased. Conclusion This study demonstrates higher cycle
threshold values in asymptomatic patients and symptomatic patients
tested remote from symptom onset, signifying older infections and
detection of lower levels of viral RNA. Assessment of standardized cycle
threshold values may help to understand disease characteristics and
progression.