bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
OTONAN SEBAGAI UPAYA MEMULIAKAN MANUSIA DI BALI
Authors: Artatik I  G A
Published: August 2019

Pelaksanaan Upacara Otonan setiap 6 bulan sekali mengingatkan kita untuk selalu menghayati dan memahami kembali maksud dan tujuan kita kembali menjelma menjadi manusia lahir kedunia ini. Dengan menjelma sebagai manusia adalah suatu hal yang sangat utama karena hanya manusialah yang dapat menolong dirinya sendiri dari derita dengan jalan berbuat baik dan selalu berbuat kebajikan guna menghapuskan kesengsaraan hidup. Terkait dengan kelahiran sebagai manusia, dalam Bhagawadgita dan Sarasamuscaya dijelaskan bahwa kelahiran seorang manusia ke dunia ini adalah suatu kemujuran dan kemuliaan. Karena ketika seseorang terlahir ke dunia, dia diberi kesempatan untuk memperbaiki diri, melakukan penebusan dosa dan penyucian diri. Salah satu bentuk upacara penyucian diri adalah dengan melaksanakan upacara otonan
PRAKTIK PERJANJIAN NOMINEE DI SEKTOR PARIWISATA
Authors: Partyani Ketut Caturyani Maharni , Wibawa I Putu Sastra
Published: August 2019

Penelitian ini berjudul ”Praktik Perjanjian Nominee di Sektor Pariwisata”. Penelitian ini dimotivasi oleh pengembangan perusahaan yang menyediakan akomodasi yang sangat cepat berkembang di Bali. Sampel yang digunakan adalah pengembangan perusahaan yang menyediakan akomodasi di Desa Wisata Ubud. Sistem manajemen kekeluargaan berubah menjadi manajemen profesional karena masuknya pengusaha asing sebagai investor. Pengusaha asing memiliki misi sebagai penyewa akomodasi dan praktik perjanjian nominasi. Pengusaha asing sebagai investor asing meminjam nama warga negara Indonesia (warga negara) untuk menyewa akomodasi dan akomodasi tidak digunakan secara pribadi tetapi lebih dikomersialkan atas nama warga negara Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian normatif dan menganalisis masalah dengan teori hukum negara, teori perjanjian, konsep pariwisata dan prinsip kebebasan kontrak dalam membedah masalah. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa validitas perjanjian nominee (pinjam nama) masih belum diatur dalam undang-undang dan merupakan hukum penyelundupan yang biasa digunakan dalam meloloskan pengusaha asing dalam berinvestasi.
PENDIDIKAN ACARA AGAMA HINDU: Antara Tradisi dan Modernitas
Authors: Sukrawati Ni Made
Published: August 2019

Acara adalah bagian dari tiga kerangka agama Hindu, yaitu dimensi ritualitas keagamaan. Perpaduan teks agama dengan tradisi lokal memberikan nuansa tradisionalitas dalam praktik ritual keagamaan Hindu. Sebaliknya, penetrasi modernitas juga membawa perubahan pola pikir dan tindakan keagamaan umat Hindu. Pendidikan sebagai proses transmisi dan transformasi nilai-nilai acara agama Hindu harus mampu mengadaptasi nilai tradisional dan modern. Dalam hal ini, pendekatan transformational thinking yang mencakup sistem perilaku, sistem berpikir, dan sistem kepercayaan dapat dijadikan solusi dalam merancang pendidikan acara agama Hindu. Melalui pendekatan sistemik ini, pendidikan acara agama Hindu diharapkan dapat mengembangkan moralitas, rasionalitas, dan religiusitas peserta didik secara utuh dan terpadu. Pendekatan ini dapat dilaksanakan melalui empat tahap pembelajaran konstruktivistik, yakni skemata, asimilasi, akomodasi, dan ekuilibrasi.
TRI MURTI IDEOLOGI SOSIO-RELIGIUS MEMPERSATUKAN SEKTE-SEKTE DI BALI
Authors: Watra I Wayan
Published: August 2019

Agama merupakan sumber yang dapat menciptakan kedamaian di hati, kedamaian di dunia, dan kedamaian di akhirat. Tetapi demikian sebaliknya, agama juga merupakan sumber yang dapat menciptakan kehancuran manusia dan alam semesta. Salah satu konsep agama, yaitu “Tri Murti”, yang besumberkan pada Weda dengan menggabungkan Dewa Brahma, Dewa Wisnu, dan Dewa Siwa. Konsep Tri Murti ini dipraktekkan oleh Mpu Kuturan pada tahun 845 Masehi. Ajaran Mpu Kuturan yang mengangkat konsep Tri Murti menggabungkan 15 sekte atau agama kepercayaan seperti; 1). Siwa Siddhanta, 2). Pasupata, 3). Bhairawa, 4). Wesanawa, 5). Bodha (Sogatha), 6). Brahma, 7). Resi, 8). Sore, 9). Ganapatya, 10). Agama Sambhu memuja Arca, 11). Agama Brahma memuja Matahari/Api, 12). Agama Indra memuja Gunung dan Bulan, 13). Agama Wisnu memuja Hujan dan Banjir, 14). Agama Bayu memuja Bintang, dan Angin Ngelinus (Puting Bliung), 15). Agama Kala menyembah tempat-tempat yang keramat. Kelima belas sekte dan agama ini dipersatukan oleh ideologi “Tri Murti”.
Expansión internacional de las empresas multinacionales. Estructura y naturaleza institucional
Authors: Durán Juan José , Álvarez Isabel
Published: August 2019

La evolución de la IDE ha ido conformando una geografía de las empresas multinacionales con nuevos inversores, entre los que se encuentran multinacionales de países menos desarrollados (emergentes) y multinacionales de propiedad estatal y fondos soberanos. Se ha ido construyendo así una estructura institucional de gobernanza global que se asimila a una economía mixta, que abre oportunidades para el avance de políticas públicas y de cooperación internacional en el cumplimiento de los objetivos de desarrollo sostenible.
Pengaruh DER, TATO dan NPM Terhadap Kebijakan Dividen (Studi Kasus Pada Industri Dasar dan Kimia yang Terdaftar Di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) Tahun 2012-2016)
Authors: Firdaus Iwan , Handayani Putri
Published: August 2019

This research was conducted to examine the effect of Debt to Equity Ratio (DER), Total asset turnover (TATO) dan Net profit margin (NPM) to Dividend Payout Ratio (DPR). The object for this research is basic industry and chamicals listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in the period 2012-2016. This research was conducted using quantitative menthod with total 10 sample of research were determined by saturated sampling. Method of hypothesis testing using t-test. This research use Debt to Equity Ratio (X1), Total asset turnover (X2), Net profit margin (X3) as independent variable and Dividend Payout Ratio as dependent variable. The results of this research is Total asset turnover (TATO) and Net profit margin (NPM) positive and has significant effect to Dividend Payout Ratio, while the DER negative and has no significant effect to Dividend Payout Ratio.
ANALISA KEGAGALAN MATERIAL SA-210C PADA APLIKASI BOILER STEAM PIPE
Authors: Hasan Andi Rinaldi
Published: August 2019

The purpose of this study was to determine the cause of pipe failure in super saturated area boilers. The research method begins with the collection of chronological data on material failure, operating data collection and material sampling. After material sampling is carried out, photos of failed material are subsequently carried out, thickness measurements, hardness testing, metallographic testing and internal pipe pressure calculations. The results showed that the outside of the pipe had erosion corrosion due to a reduction in thickness of the pipe, especially location 1. Thickening was caused by high pressure auxiliary steam bursts from the sootblower equipment which lasted for a long time at the pipe surface, resulting in Fe + O FeO reaction. FeO formed at the beginning will be released due to high-pressure auxiliary steam bursts and at the same time the auxiliary steam burst reacts chemically again to form FeO. Because of the repeated processes, the pipe thickness slowly decreases. As a result of the depletion, the pipe reaches a critical value so it is unable to withstand the pressure from the pipe and eventually fails. The failure factor, supported by some data on boiler water quality and continuous operating pressure from sootblower that affect erosion corrosion. Changes in microstructure also affect the decrease in hardness in the material which can be seen from the size and shape of the grain.
EVALUATION OF INITIAL GAS VOLUME OF COALBED METHANE USING FOUR METHOD
Authors: Susanto Heri , Sondakh Karen , Sitaresmi Ratnayu , Hananda Ryodi
Published: August 2019

Coal bed methane (CBM) is an unconventional energy resources in which the main ingredient is methane gas formed in the process of formation of coal (coalification). Based on research Advance Resource International inc. (ARI), the CBM resource potential is 453 Tcf spread across 11 basins in Indonesia. CBM technology is expected to be one of the alternative energy can play a role in helping to suppress the natural gas needs of oil as one of the energy commodities di Indonesia.
This paper discusses about a calculated initial volume of gas in place (Gas in Place) on CBM reservoir “X” field. This initial gas volume calculation first calculating the gas content is becoming an important parameter in calculating the initial volume. This content gas value can be obtained through data analysis proximate such as ash content, moisture content, volatile matter, fixed carbon which such data can be obtained from laboratory results. But there is also the calculation of the gas content which can be obtained by simply using coal density data using several methods of calculation, such as the Mavor method, Bambang, Modified Kim, and Mullen method. In the “X” field there are five wells coalbed methane drilling has been done, namely, SS-1, SS-2, SS 3, SS-4 and SS-5 and there are five layers are seam-1, seam-2, seam-3, seam-4, and seam-5. Based on the calculations were also obtained in the “X” field coal rank, the average is sub-bitminous. Of the five wells will be calculated gas content and the initial volume of gas using a method Mavor, Bambang, Modified Kim, and Mullen.
Using four methods then the gas content in the SS well ranged between 200-500 SCF / ton. And assuming that the well drainage area (A) covering an area of 100 acres, the obtained large volumes of coal bed methane wells SS-1 with the four methods ranged from 3-9 BSCF, the SS-2 ranged between 1-3 BSCF, wells SS- 3 are 2-5 BSCF, the SS-4 range between 1-3 BSCF and the SS-5 ranges between 1-3 BSCF.
We will be compared the initial gas volume in the Field “X” using the four methods with data from the laboratory result. From that analysis it can be proved that the Bambang method is the most suitable method and represents CBM field in Indonesia. So the initial gas volume in Field “X” is using the result from Bambang method, and the result are 5312.17 MMscf on the SS-1well, 2385.77 MMscf on the SS-2 well, 3330.84 MMscf on the SS-3 well, 1635.44 MMscf on the SS-4 well, and 1608.74 MMscf on the SS-5 well. And the total initial gas volume in the “X” Field is 14273 MMSCF.
PERAMALAN ESTIMATED ULTIMATE RECOVERY MENGGUNAKAN METODE WATER OIL RATIO PADA SUMUR X
Authors: Puspita Dorothea Dyah , Ridaliani Onnie , Satiawati Listiana
Published: August 2019

In the management of oil and gas fields, production forecasting is needed to find out the steps to be taken in the future. Therefore, in this study the prediction of the well potential was carried out using the water oil ratio method. The prediction of potential wells referred to in this study is to predict the estimated ultimate recovery (EUR) or cumulative value of oil production in the future. Well X has a well problem in the form of excess water production and after being analyzed using Chan’s Diagnostic Plot, the result is that the well has water channeling. The type of water channeling is in well X experiencing near wellbore channeling. After knowing the type of water problem, a prediction of the potential of the well (cumulative maximum production) is carried out, both wells have water channeling and wells that are normal or not experiencing problems. Prediction of well potential in the form of cumulative maximum production value or Estimated Ultimate Recovery (EUR) is obtained by the water oil ratio method. This method is using five plots including water cut, oil fraction, cumulative WOR, cumulative watercut, and finally 1 / fw which is compared with each with maximum cumulative production. Then after it was discovered that the EUR value of each well experienced both water and normal problems, it was found to lose the cumulative prediction of the production of each well. The loss of EUR well X is 551,267 STB.
ANALISA PENENTUAN OPEN END PADA PELAKSANAAN SQUEEZE CEMENTING DI ZONA POROUS SUMUR A LAPANGAN B
Authors: Simanungkalit Rexnord Samuel
Published: August 2019

Cementing is the process of pushing a number of slurry which flows from the bottom of the casing shoes to rise to the annulus between the casing and formation. The cement slurry will harden so that it binds between the casing and the borehole wall. According to the purpose of cementing can be divided into two, namely Initial Cementing (Primary Cementing) and Second Cementing or Cementing Repair (Secondary or Remedial Cementing). If the Primary Cementing results are not perfect and have problems, then Secondary or Remedial Cementing will be done. Secondary or Remedial Cementing can be divided into three parts, namely Squeeze cementing, Re-cementing and Plug-back cementing. In this case, the author emphasizes on one of the Secondary or Remedial Cementing namely Squeeze Cementing.
The role of long-distance phonological processes in spoken word recognition: A preliminary investigation
Authors: Burness Phillip Alexander , McMullin Kevin , Zamuner Tania
Published: August 2019

Previous work has demonstrated that during spoken word recognition, listeners can use a variety of cues to anticipate an upcoming sound before the sound is encountered. However, this vein of research has largely focused on local phenomena that hold between adjacent sounds. In order to fill this gap, we combine the Visual World Paradigm with an Artificial Language Learning methodology to investigate whether knowledge of a long-distance pattern of sibilant harmony can be utilized during spoken word recognition. The hypothesis was that participants trained on sibilant harmony could more quickly identify a target word from among a set of competitors when that target contained a prefix which had undergone regressive sibilant harmony. Participants tended to behave as expected for the subset of items that they saw during training, but the effect did not reach statistical significance and did not extend to novel items. This suggests that participants did not learn the rule of sibilant harmony and may have been memorizing which base went with which alternant. Failure to learn the pattern may have been due to certain aspects of the design, which will be addressed in future iterations of the experiment.
Vowel duration and the voicing effect across English dialects
Authors: Tanner James , Sonderegger Morgan , Stuart-Smith Jane , Data Consortium SPADE
Published: August 2019

The ‘voicing effect’ – the durational difference in vowels preceding voiced and voiceless consonants – is a well-documented phenomenon in English, where it plays a key role in the production and perception of the English final voicing contrast. Despite this supposed importance, little is known as to how robust this effect is in spontaneous connected speech, which is itself subject to a range of linguistic factors. Similarly, little attention has focused on variability in the voicing effect across dialects of English, bar analysis of specific varieties. Our findings show that the voicing of the following consonant exhibits a weaker-than-expected effect in spontaneous speech, interacting with manner, vowel height, speech rate, and word frequency. English dialects appear to demonstrate a continuum of potential voicing effect sizes, where varieties with dialect-specific phonological rules exhibit the most extreme values. The results suggest that the voicing effect in English is both substantially weaker than previously assumed in spontaneous connected speech, and subject to a wide range of dialectal variability.
The Necessity for Rahn Guarantee Registration Agency
Authors: Syaifuddin Syaifuddin , Nasution Yasir , Kamello Tan
Published: August 2019

Rahn's introduction as a material guarantee law, the main arrangements contained in the Quran. By the Prophet gave an explanation of how the practice of rahn contained in the Quran. The practice of rahn by the ulema is not interpreted as a sunnah that is ta'abbudiy, but it classifies to the sunnah which is ta'aqquliy, therefore the practice of rahn can be done unlike the practices that existed during the Apostle. Thus, if the ulema interpret the order of levering marhūn does not have to be mastered physically, then there needs a legal instrument that guarantees the marhūn can be used as repayment of rāhin’s debt. For this reason, the instrument is marhūn, it is registered in the space provided. Thus, the rahn guarantee registration agency is needed.
Analysis of Document Clustering based on Cosine Similarity and K-Main Algorithms
Authors: Triwijoyo Bambang Krismono , Kartarina Kartarina
Published: August 2019

Clustering is a useful technique that organizes a large number of non-sequential text documents into a small number of clusters that are meaningful and coherent. Effective and efficient organization of documents is needed, making it easy for intuitive and informative tracking mechanisms. In this paper, we proposed clustering documents using cosine similarity and k-main. The experimental results show that based on the experimental results the accuracy of our method is 84.3%.
Social Media Analytics: Data Utilization of Social Media for Research
Authors: Andryani Ria , Negara Edi Surya , Triadi Dendi
Published: August 2019

The amount of production data generated by social media opportunities that can be exploited by various parties, both government and private sectors to produce the information. Social media data can be used to know the behavior and public perception of the phenomenon or a particular event. To obtain and analyze social media data needed depth knowledge of Internet technology, social media, databases, data structures, information theory, data mining, machine learning, until the data and information visualization techniques. In this research, social media analysis on a particular topic and the development of prototype devices software used as a tool of social media data retrieval or retrieval of data applications. Social Media Analytics (SMA) aims to make the process of analysis and synthesis of social media data to produce information can be used by those in need. SMA process is done in three stages, namely: Capture, Understand and Present. This research is exploratorily focused on understanding the technology that became the basis of social media using various techniques exist and is already used in the study of social media analytic previously.
Adoption of Information Technology at LLDIKTI Region II with UTAUT Framework (Case Study : Lecturer Workload Application)
Authors: Wulandari Intan Fitriana , Ariandi Muhammad
Published: August 2019

Teknologi informasi menjadi salah satu bagian terpenting dalam suatu instansi, salah satu instansi yang memerlukan teknologi informasi yaitu Lembaga Layanan Pendidikan Tinggi (LLDikti) Wilayah II. LLDikti Wilayah II merupakan suatu instansi Pemerintah yang berada di bawah Kementerian Riset, Teknologi, dan Pendidikan Tinggi yang tugasnya memberikan pengawasan, pengendalian dan pembinaan terhadap Perguruan Tinggi Swasta yang ada dalam lingkungannya. Salah satu teknologi informasi yang telah digunakan adalah aplikasi teknologi informasi Beban Kerja Dosen (BKD), maka diperlukan suatu metode untuk melihat layanan teknologi informasi tersebut dengan menggunakan salah satu framework. Framework UTAUT dapat menunjukkan bagaimana pengaruh perbedaan dari setiap responden dalam menggunakan teknologi informasi. Lebih khusus lagi, hubungan antara persepsi suatu pemanfaatan, kemudahan penggunaan, dan niat penggunaan dapat dimoderatori oleh usia, jenis kelamin, golongan/pangakat, dan pengalaman dalam penggunan aplikasi teknologi informasi BKD. Dengan menggunakan variabel-variabel yang ada pada framework UTAUT tersebut diharapkan memberikan kualitas layanan teknologi informasi di LLDikti Wilayah II lebih jelas dan bisa diukur sejauh mana pengadopsian teknologi informasi BKD selama ini bagi dosen di lingkungannya dalam melakukan aktifitas kependidikan.
EFEKTIFITAS PENGGUNAAN MEDIA KOMUNIKASI DALAM RANGKA SOSIALISASI PROGRAM GPMB (GERAKAN PEMBINAAN MASYARAKAT BACA) DI JAWA BARAT
Authors: COMMED Jurnal
Published: August 2019

This research explore efectivity of media uses for GPMB’s (Gerakan Pembinaan Masyarakat Baca) programat jawa Barat. This research aim to explore attractiveness of message, content of information, and obstaclesof media communication at socialization of GPMB’s program in Jawa Barat. The research method’s isqualitative descriptivvw which explain the fact sistematicly ang has specific population characteristicscarefully. The data collected by interview 8 leader of library as coach of GPMB, observation to road show atCiamis, Bogor and Karawang. The result of this research show content of information use manual book,brochure, news paper and billboard was completed about this program. The format of content of informationwas easy to understanded. The obstacles from delivery message was lack of interested for read. The efectiveway to delivery the message was from roadshow but they cann’t delivery all of content information to all oftarget information. This research suggest “Bapusipda” will guide and give media information routinely toall library at Jawa BaratEfectivity of media communication, socialization, Gerakan Pembinaan Masyarakat Baca
ACARA PERAGAAN BUSANA "TRUCE: THE TRUE ELUCIDATION OF CYBERBULLYING"
Authors: Firdaus Veby Sabrina
Published: August 2019

Internet is one of the newest medias that has been commonly used by the public. One of the problems which has been happening very often lately is the misuse of the internet mostly done by teenagers in Indonesia on social media, where social media is often used as a tool of cyberbullying. This fact is the main reason why the creators made an event that is also a campaign to spread awareness and invitation to not do cyberbullying with the social media influencers and teenagers as our main target audience. The event was a fashion show mixed with theatre acting and hip hop music. The main theme shown for this fashion show is Street Style with a touch of hip hop music because lately, hip hop is one of the popular music genres among society, especially the young people. Hip hop is considered to be a popular genre because it is known for its critical lyrics with deep meanings. The creators use theories such as Event Management Theory, Fashion Show Theory, Music Theory, Theatrical Theory, Social Criticism Theory, Social Message Theory, Cyberbullying Theory and Social Media Theory. The main theories that are used are Campaign Theory and K. Berlo's Communication Theory. The creators held this event entitled “TRUCE" which means The True Elucidation of Cyberbullying. The creators hope that this event will have an effect in the eyes of the general public and prevent themselves to not do cyberbullying.
WHATSAPP SEBAGAI MEDIA KOMUNIKASI
Authors: Aulianto Dwi ridho
Published: August 2019

The use of WhatsApp as media of communication is expected to facilitate people in doing remote interaction between person and community. Every people can set a privacy of chat on WhatsApp. However, people have several perceptions on it because it can be a symbol which has certain meaning. There are some people who are intentionally activate the privacy settings and some do not. Communication is established whether it remains effective or is hampered by chat privacy settings because someone cannot find out their online status, read messages or not. The purpose of this study is to determine the motives of privacy settings for whatsapp user chat in interpersonal communication. The study uses qualitative method with a phenomenological approach. The data collection is conducted through interviews with 13 whatsapp users who activated the chat privacy feature. It is taken from whatsapp researchers' friend contact. The results of the study on the motives of whatsapp chat privacy settings produce 2 main concepts, first is privacy (personal) which has 4 sub concepts (free, does not want others to be disappointed, so that others do not wait for an immediate answer, and important matters), and those second is work that has 2 sub concepts (business activities and office affairs).
FUNGSI MEDIA SOSIAL GRUP WHATSAPP SEBAGAI MEDIA KOMUNIKASI GURU SEKOLAH ALAM KOMUNITAS FITRAH LEBAH
Authors: Kusumadinata Ali alamsyah
Published: August 2019

Penelitian ini memfokuskan pada fungsi media sosial grup whatsapp sebagai media komunikasi guru yang terdiri dari karakteristik, pemanfaatan, efektifitas pada guru sekolah alam komunitas fitrah lebah. Penelitian ini dilakukan di sekolah alam komunitas fitrah lebah pada anggota grup whatsapp guru. Tujuan dari penelitian adalah (1) Mengetahui karakteristik guru sebagai anggota grup whatsapp Sekolah Alam Komunitas Fitrah Lebah. (2) Mengetahui bagaimana pemanfaatan grup whatsapp sebagai media komunikasi guru di Sekolah Alam Komunitas Fitrah Lebah. (3) Mengetahui efektivitas grup whatsapp sebagai media komunikasi guru di Sekolah Alam Komunitas Fitrah Lebah. Analisa dalam penelitian ini menggunakan analisa deskripsif kualitatif, Penelitian ini menggunakan metode fenomenologi dengan menganalisis pengalaman yang dilakukan secara sadar oleh informan. Data dikumpulkan dengan observasi langsung, Depth interview serta dokumen yang dibutuhkan. Analisis data deskriptif kualitatif untuk menguji fungsi media sosial grup whatsapp sebagai media komunikasi. Adapun hasil penelitian menunjukan pada  karakteristik guru sebagai anggota grup, pemanfaatan grup dan efektifitas grup whatsapp sebagai media komunikasi guru Sekolah Alam Komunitas Fitrah Lebah.

Kata Kunci : Karakteristik, Pemanfaatan,  grup   Whatsapp
Wisata Dendang Melayu Sebagai Salah Satu Potensi Wisata Bahari Di Kota Batam
Authors: Harma Ulima
Published: August 2019

The purpose of this research is to see the extent of the management of  Dendang Melayu tourism as one of the potential marine tourism in the city of Batam in terms of facilities and attractions. This type of research used in this research is descriptive research with a qualitative approach. In this study qualitative data analysis is used by following the concept of Miles and Huberman with several stages, namely Data Reduction, Data Presentation and Conclusion. The results of this study show that the management of Dendang Melayu tourism has undergone many changes as one of the potential for marine tourism in the city of Batam, although there are still some shortcomings. Dendang Melayu Tourism is far more interesting than before because of the tourism of Tanjung Penarik, but there are some things that must be addressed, namely the condition of the facilities that are still complained by the community and the attraction of Dendang Melayu tourism for tourists.
Physical Location of New Stripe Rust Resistance Gene(s) and PCR-Based Markers on Rye (Secale cereale L.) Chromosome 5 Using 5R Dissection Lines
Authors: Xi Wei , Tang Zongxiang , Luo Jie , Fu Shulan
Published: August 2019

The rye (Secale cereale L.) 5R chromosome contains some elite genes that can be used to improve wheat cultivars. In this study, a set of 5RKu dissection lines was obtained, and 111 new PCR-based and 5RKu-specific markers were developed using the specific length amplified fragment sequencing (SLAF-seq) method. The 111 markers were combined with the 52 5RKu-specific markers previously reported, and 65 S. cereale Lo7 scaffolds were physically mapped to six regions of the 5RKu chromosome using the 5RKu dissection lines. Additionally, the 5RLKu arm carried stripe rust resistance gene(s) and it was located to the region L2, the same region where 22 5RKu-specific markers and 11 S. cereale Lo7 scaffolds were mapped. The stripe rust resistance gene(s) located in the 5RLKu arm might be new one(s) because its source and location are different from the previously reported ones, and it enriches the resistance source of stripe rust for wheat breeding programs. The markers and the S. cereale Lo7 scaffolds that were mapped to the six regions of the 5RKu chromosome can facilitate the utilization of elite genes on the 5R chromosome in the improvement of wheat cultivars.
An Object-Based Image Analysis Approach to Assess Persistence of Perennial Ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) in Pasture Breeding
Authors: Jayasinghe Chinthaka , Badenhorst Pieter , Wang Junping , Jacobs Joe , Spangenberg German , Smith Kevin
Published: August 2019

Perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) is one of the most important forage grass species in temperate regions of the world, but it is prone to having poor persistence due to the incidence of abiotic and biotic stresses. This creates a challenge for livestock producers to use their agricultural lands more productively and intensively within sustainable limits. Breeding perennial ryegrass cultivars that are both productive and persistent is a target of forage breeding programs and will allow farmers to select appropriate cultivars to deliver the highest profitability over the lifetime of a sward. Conventional methods for the estimation of pasture persistence depend on manual ground cover estimation or counting the number of surviving plants or tillers in a given area. Those methods are subjective, time-consuming and/or labour intensive. This study aimed to develop a phenomic method to evaluate the persistence of perennial ryegrass cultivars in field plots. Data acquisition was conducted three years after sowing to estimate the persistence of perennial ryegrass using high-resolution aerial-based multispectral and ground-based red, green and blue(RGB) sensors, and subsequent image analysis. There was a strong positive relationship between manual ground cover and sensor-based ground cover estimates (p < 0.001). Although the manual plant count was positively correlated with sensor-based ground cover (p < 0.001) intra-plot plant size variation influenced the strength of this relationship. We conclude that object-based ground cover estimation is most suitable for use in large-scale breeding programs due to its higher accuracy, efficiency and repeatability. With further development, this technique could be used to assess temporal changes of perennial ryegrass persistence in experimental studies and on a farm scale.
The Application of Ribosome Engineering to Natural Product Discovery and Yield Improvement in Streptomyces
Authors: Zhu Saibin , Duan Yanwen , Huang Yong
Published: August 2019

Microbial natural product drug discovery and development has entered a new era, driven by microbial genomics and synthetic biology. Genome sequencing has revealed the vast potential to produce valuable secondary metabolites in bacteria and fungi. However, many of the biosynthetic gene clusters are silent under standard fermentation conditions. By rational screening for mutations in bacterial ribosomal proteins or RNA polymerases, ribosome engineering is a versatile approach to obtain mutants with improved titers for microbial product formation or new natural products through activating silent biosynthetic gene clusters. In this review, we discuss the mechanism of ribosome engineering and its application to natural product discovery and yield improvement in Streptomyces. Our analysis suggests that ribosome engineering is a rapid and cost-effective approach and could be adapted to speed up the discovery and development of natural product drug leads in the post-genomic era.
Non-Intrusive Load Disaggregation by Linear Classifier Group Considering Multi-Feature Integration
Authors: Yu Jinying , Gao Yuchen , Wu Yuxin , Jiao Dian , Su Chang , Wu Xin
Published: August 2019

Non-intrusive load monitoring (NILM) is a core technology for demand response (DR) and energy conservation services. Traditional NILM methods are rarely combined with practical applications, and most studies aim to disaggregate the whole loads in a household, which leads to low identification accuracy. In this method, the event detection method is used to obtain the switching event sets of all loads, and the power consumption curves of independent unknown electrical appliances in a period are disaggregated by utilizing comprehensive features. A linear discriminant classifier group based on multi-feature global similarity is used for load identification. The uniqueness of our algorithm is that it designs an event detector based on steady-state segmentation and a linear discriminant classifier group based on multi-feature global similarity. The simulation is carried out on an open source data set. The results demonstrate the effectiveness and high accuracy of the multi-feature integrated classification (MFIC) algorithm by using the state-of-the-art NILM methods as benchmarks.
3D Device for Forces in Swimming Starts and Turns
Authors: de Jesus Karla , Mourão Luis , Roesler Hélio , Viriato Nuno , de Jesus Kelly , Vaz Mário , Fernandes Ricardo , Vilas-Boas João Paulo
Published: August 2019

Biomechanical tools capable of detecting external forces in swimming starts and turns have been developed since 1970. This study described the development and validation of a three-dimensional (six-degrees of freedom) instrumented block for swimming starts and turns. Seven force plates, a starting block, an underwater structure, one pair of handgrips and feet supports for starts were firstly designed, numerically simulated, manufactured and validated according to the Fédération Internationale de Natation rules. Static and dynamic force plate simulations revealed deformations between 290 to 376 µε and 279 to 545 µε in the anterior-posterior and vertical axis and 182 to 328.6 Hz resonance frequencies. Force plates were instrumented with 24 strain gauges each connected to full Wheatstone bridge circuits. Static and dynamic calibration revealed linearity ( R 2 between 0.97 and 0.99) and non-meaningful cross-talk between orthogonal (1%) axes. Laboratory and ecological validation revealed the similarity between force curve profiles. The need for discriminating each upper and lower limb force responses has implied a final nine-force plates solution with seven above and two underwater platforms. The instrumented block has given an unprecedented contribution to accurate external force measurements in swimming starts and turns.
An Improved Second-Order Blind Identification (SOBI) Signal De-Noising Method for Dynamic Deflection Measurements of Bridges Using Ground-Based Synthetic Aperture Radar (GBSAR)
Authors: Liu Xianglei , Wang Hui , Huang Ming , Yang Wanxin
Published: August 2019

Ground-based synthetic aperture radar (GBSAR) technology has been widely used for bridge dynamic deflection measurements due to its advantages of non-contact measurements, high frequency, and high accuracy. To reduce the influence of noise in dynamic deflection measurements of bridges using GBSAR—especially for noise of the instantaneous vibrations of the instrument itself caused by passing vehicles—an improved second-order blind identification (SOBI) signal de-noising method is proposed to obtain the de-noised time-series displacement of bridges. First, the obtained time-series displacements of three adjacent monitoring points in the same time domain are selected as observation signals, and the second-order correlations among the three time-series displacements are removed using a whitening process. Second, a mixing matrix is calculated using the joint approximation diagonalization technique for covariance matrices and to further obtain three separate signal components. Finally, the three separate signal components are converted in the frequency domain using the fast Fourier transform (FFT) algorithm, and the noise signal components are identified using a spectrum analysis. A new, independent, separated signal component matrix is generated using a zeroing process for the noise signal components. This process is inversely reconstructed using a mixing matrix to recover the original amplitude of the de-noised time-series displacement of the middle monitoring point among three adjacent monitoring points. The results of both simulated and on-site experiments show that the improved SOBI method has a powerful signal de-noising ability.
Quantitative Detection of Dust Storms with the Millimeter Wave Radar in the Taklimakan Desert
Authors: Ming Hu , Wei Ming , Wang Minzhong
Published: August 2019

In order to conduct real-time quantitative monitoring of dust storms, Ka-band millimeter wave radar (MMWR) was utilized for the consecutive detection of dust storms over the Taklimakan Desert from April to June 2018. The retrievals of the reflectivity factor, dust spectrum distribution and dust mass concentration were carried out with the power spectrum data detected by MMWR for three dust storm processes. The analysis shows that: The probability density distribution of dust conforms to the lognormal distribution. During the dust storm processes, the effective detection height of the reflectivity factor was within 2000 m and the range of the reflectivity factors was between − 25   dBZ and 25   dBZ . During the floating dust period, the effective height of the dust spectrum distribution was lower than 300 m and the values of dust mass concentration were less than 31.62 μ g · m − 3 , at a height of 200 m. Furthermore, during the blowing sand stage, the effective height of the dust spectrum distribution was normally lower than 600 m and the values of dust mass concentration were mainly less than 316.23   μ g · m − 3 , at a height of 200 m. During the dust storm period, the effective height of the dust spectrum distribution exceeded 1000 m; when the height was 100 m, the values of dust mass concentration were between 1220   μ g · m − 3   and   42,146   μ g · m − 3 and the average mass concentration was 9287   μ g · m − 3 ; whereas, the values of dust mass concentration were between 2   μ g · m − 3   and   820   μ g · m − 3 when the height was 1200 m and the average mass concentration was 24   μ g · m − 3 . The relationship between the reflectivity factor Z and the dust mass concentration M is defined as Z = 651.6 M 0.796 . Compared with the observational data from Grimm180 particle detector, the data of the retrieved dust mass concentration are basically accurate and this retrieved method proves to be feasible. Thus, the MMWR cans be used as a new device for quantitative monitoring of dust storms.
Deductive Systems with Multiple-Conclusion Rules and the Disjunction Property
Authors: Citkin Alex
Published: August 2019

Using the defined notion of the inference with multiply-conclusion rules, we show that in the logics enjoying the disjunction property, any derivable rule can be inferred from the single-conclusion rules and a single multiple-conclusion rule, which represents the disjunction property. Also, the conversion algorithm of single- and multiple-conclusion deductive systems into each other is studied.
Emotional Decision-Making Biases Prediction in Cyber-Physical Systems
Authors: Corredera Alberto , Romero Marta , Moya Jose M.
Published: August 2019

This article faces the challenge of discovering the trends in decision-making based on capturing emotional data and the influence of the possible external stimuli. We conducted an experiment with a significant sample of the workforce and used machine-learning techniques to model the decision-making process. We studied the trends introduced by the emotional status and the external stimulus that makes these personnel act or report to the supervisor. The main result of this study is the production of a model capable of predicting the bias to act in a specific context. We studied the relationship between emotions and the probability of acting or correcting the system. The main area of interest of these issues is the ability to influence in advance the personnel to make their work more efficient and productive. This would be a whole new line of research for the future.
Microglia Activated by Excess Cortisol Induce HMGB1 Acetylation and Neuroinflammation in the Hippocampal DG Region of Mice Following Cold Exposure
Authors: Xu Bin , Lang Li-Min , Li Shi-Ze , Guo Jing-Ru , Wang Jian-Fa , Yang Huan-Min , Lian Shuai
Published: August 2019

Cold stress can induce neuroinflammation in the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG), but the mechanism underlying neuronal apoptosis induced by cold stress is not well-understood. To address this issue, male and female C57BL/6 mice were exposed to a temperature of 4 °C for 3 h per day for 1 week, and glial cell activation, neuronal apoptosis, and neuroinflammation were evaluated by western blotting, immunofluorescence, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase 2’-deoxyuridine 5’-triphosphate (dUTP) nick end labeling, Nissl staining, and immunohistochemistry. Additionally, BV2 cells were treated with different concentrations of cortisol (CORT) for 3 h to mimic stress and molecular changes were assessed by western blotting, immunofluorescence, and co-immunoprecipitation. We found that excess CORT activated glial cells and increased neuroinflammation in the DG of mice exposed to cold temperatures, which was associated with increased acetylation and nuclear factor-κB signaling. These effects were mediated by the acetylation of lysine 9 of histone 3 and lysine 310 of p65, which resulted in increased mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphorylation, nuclear translocation of p65, microglia activation, and acetylation of high-mobility group box 1. Neuroinflammation was more severe in male compared to female mice. These findings provide new insight into the mechanisms of the cold stress response, which can inform the development of new strategies to combat the effects of hypothermia.
Interactions of Mycotoxin Alternariol with Cyclodextrins and Its Removal from Aqueous Solution by Beta-Cyclodextrin Bead Polymer
Authors: Fliszár-Nyúl Eszter , Lemli Beáta , Kunsági-Máté Sándor , Szente Lajos , Poór Miklós
Published: August 2019

Alternariol is an Alternaria mycotoxin that appears in fruits, tomatoes, oilseeds, and corresponding products. Chronic exposure to it can induce carcinogenic and xenoestrogenic effects. Cyclodextrins (CDs) are ring-shaped molecules built up by glucose units, which form host–guest type complexes with some mycotoxins. Furthermore, insoluble CD polymers seem suitable for the extraction/removal of mycotoxins from aqueous solutions. In this study, the interactions of alternariol with β- and γ-CDs were tested by employing fluorescence spectroscopic and modeling studies. Moreover, the removal of alternariol from aqueous solutions by insoluble β-CD bead polymer (BBP) was examined. Our major observations/conclusions are the following: (1) CDs strongly increased the fluorescence of alternariol, the strongest enhancement was induced by the native γ-CD at pH 7.4. (2) Alternariol formed the most stable complexes with the native γ-CD (logK = 3.2) and the quaternary ammonium derivatives (logK = 3.4–3.6) at acidic/physiological pH and at pH 10.0, respectively. (3) BBP effectively removed alternariol from aqueous solution. (4) The alternariol-binding ability of β-CD polymers was significantly higher than was expected based on their β-CD content. (5) CD technology seems a promising tool to improve the fluorescence detection of alternariol and/or to develop new mycotoxin binders to decrease alternariol exposure.
Changing Contents of Carbon Hybridizations in Amorphous Hydrogenated Carbon Layers (a-C:H) on Sustainable Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) Exhibit a Significant Deterioration in Stability, Depending on Thickness
Authors: Schlebrowski Torben , Beucher Lucas , Bazzi Hadi , Hahn Barbara , Wehner Stefan , Fischer Christian B.
Published: August 2019

PHB is a biodegradable polymer based on renewable raw materials that could replace synthetic polymers in many applications. A big advantage is the resulting reduction of the waste problem, as well as the conservation of fossil resources. To arrange it for various applications, the surface is arranged by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) with amorphous hydrogenated carbon layers (a-C:H). Here, on a 50 µm thick PHB-foil, a-C:H layers of different thicknesses (0–500 nm) were deposited in 50 nm steps. Surface topography was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), chemical composition by diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform (DRIFT) spectroscopy and wettability checked by contact angle. In addition, layers were examined by synchrotron supported X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and near edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS), which revealed thickness dependent changes of the sp2/sp3 ratio. With increasing thickness, even the topography changes show internal, stress-induced phenomena. The results obtained provide a more detailed understanding of the predominantly inorganic a-C:H coatings on (bio)polymers via in situ growth.
Retrospective Analysis of Summer Temperature Anomalies with the Use of Precipitation and Evapotranspiration Rates
Authors: Pyrgou Andri , Santamouris Mattheos , Livada Iro , Cartalis Constantinos
Published: August 2019

Drought and extreme temperatures forecasting is important for water management and the prevention of health risks, especially in a period of observed climatic change. A large precipitation deficit together with increased evapotranspiration rates in the preceding days contribute to exceptionally high temperature anomalies in the summer above the average local maximum temperature for each month. Using a retrospective approach, this study investigated droughts and extreme temperatures in the greater area of Nicosia, Cyprus and suggests a different approach in determining the lag period of summer temperature anomalies and precipitation. In addition, dry conditions defined with the use of the Standardized Precipitation-Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) were associated with positive temperature anomalies at a percentage up to 33.7%. The compound effect of precipitation levels and evapotranspiration rates of the preceding days for the period 1988–2017 to summer temperature anomalies was demonstrated with significantly statistical R squared values up to 0.57. Furthermore, the cooling effect of precipitation was higher and prolonged longer in rural and suburban than urban areas, a fact that is directly related to the evaporation potential of the area in concern. Our work demonstrates the compound effect of precipitation levels and evapotranspiration rates of the preceding days to summer temperature anomalies.
A Physically-Motivated Quantisation of the Electromagnetic Field on Curved Spacetimes
Authors: Maybee Ben , Hodgson Daniel , Beige Almut , Purdy Robert
Published: August 2019

Recently, Bennett et al. (Eur. J. Phys. 37:014001, 2016) presented a physically-motivated and explicitly gauge-independent scheme for the quantisation of the electromagnetic field in flat Minkowski space. In this paper we generalise this field quantisation scheme to curved spacetimes. Working within the standard assumptions of quantum field theory and only postulating the physicality of the photon, we derive the Hamiltonian, H ^ , and the electric and magnetic field observables, E ^ and B ^ , respectively, without having to invoke a specific gauge. As an example, we quantise the electromagnetic field in the spacetime of an accelerated Minkowski observer, Rindler space, and demonstrate consistency with other field quantisation schemes by reproducing the Unruh effect.