bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
On the pathogenesis of epileptic seizures (review)
Authors:   V. I. Razumovsky Saratov State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of RF, Afanasyeva G. A. , Shchetinin Е. V. ,   Stavropol State Medical University, Fisun A. V. ,   V. I. Razumovsky Saratov State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of RF, Dmitrienko Е. А. ,   V. I. Razumovsky Saratov State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of RF
Published: May 2024

The review shows the statistics about the epilepsy morbidity in different countries, including Russia and its individual regions. We discuss various mechanisms of development of epileptic hyperexcitability of brain neurons. We summarize the knowledge about the role of ion imbalance, transmitters, neurochemical disorders in the epileptic activity development, both acquired and hereditary, including the significance of molecular genetic alterations, namely mutations and epigenetic mechanisms that together cause pathological changes in the membrane potential of brain neurons. The article highlights the causes and mechanisms of development of membrane channelopathy and transmembrane ion transport disorders, which underlie changes in the electrophysiological properties of neurons. The article provides information from Russian and foreign literature about the significance of immunological and cytokine shifts in the pathogenesis of epileptic hyperexcitability of neurons in different parts of the brain.
Chronobiological mechanisms in the pathophysiology of pediatric type 1 diabetes mellitus
Authors:   Stavropol State Medical University of Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, Bykov Yu. V. , Baturin V. A. ,   Stavropol State Medical University of Ministry of Health of Russian Federation
Published: May 2024

A total of 70 children were studied, including 35 with type 1 diabetes mellitus (study group) and 35 conditionally healthy children (control group). Patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus were studied at two stages: upon their urgent admission to the hospital with diabetic ketoacidosis (stage one, acute period) and two months later, during planned hospitalization (stage two, recovery period). Children with type 1 diabetes mellitus were found to have elevated levels of autoantibodies against the melatonin receptor (MRA1), with the maximum concentration during the acute period reaching 5.17±1.02 U/mL and subsequent gradual decrease to a level of 2.3±0.31 U/mL two months later. Positive correlation was found between the level of anti-MRA1 AAT and chronic disease course (duration of disease, number of relapses in the patient’s history). An explanation is provided for chronobiological mechanisms involved in the pathophysiology of pediatric type 1 diabetes mellitus.
Effect of cardiovascular comorbidity and concomitant diabetes mellitus on blood biomarkers in patients with COVID-19
Authors:   Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University, Rumyantsev Ye. Ye. , Kartysheva K. Yu. ,   Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University, Merbakh S. V. ,   Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University, Iskandaryan A. K. ,   Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University
Published: May 2024

The severity of the condition in patients with the main diagnosis "new coronavirus infection caused by COVID-19 virus, complicated by the development of community-acquired bilateral multisegmental viral pneumonia of moderate severity" was assessed by laboratory parameters in the blood serum (glucose, creactive protein, total protein, cholesterol, creatinine). Patients diagnosed with comorbidities, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases, in addition to COVID-19, and the control group of patients without comorbidity were included in the study. The presence of diagnosed obesity in the patients was also assessed. Changes in blood serum parameters from the moment of admission and at the time of discharge of the patients, depending on the concomitant pathology, were measured. The most pronounced changes in blood biomarkers were observed in the patients with a combination of concomitant cardiovascular diseases and concomitant diabetes mellitus. When comparing the two groups, with only cardiovascular comorbidity and only concomitant diabetes mellitus, a greater effect of concomitant cardiovascular diseases on blood biomarkers in the patients was noted. Separately it is worth noting obesity as a factor affecting the pathological increase in blood glucose levels in the patients after even a short-term COVID-19 treatment.
Influence of sex on the development of secondary failure of genetically en-gineered biological drugs in bio-naive patients with psoriatic arthritis
Authors:   Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University, Denisenko A. S. , Ivanova A. V. ,   Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University
Published: May 2024

Currently, the problem of psoriatic arthritis is very relevant and attracts the attention of researchers from the standpoint of studying the factors associated with all aspects of this disease, including the effectiveness of the therapy. The present study was aimed at studying the possibility of the influence of sex on the development of secondary failure of genetically engineered biological drugs in bio-naive patients with psoriatic arthritis. According to the results obtained, among patients receiving genetically engineered biological therapy, the period of development of secondary failure of the first-line genetically engineered biological drug was higher in women. The revealed pattern differs from the results obtained when comparing the survival of genetically engineered biological therapy in general in men and women with psoriatic arthritis but correlates with data on sex differences in the course and manifestations of the disease. Thus, the results of the study suggest the influence of sex on the development of secondary failure of genetically engineered biological drugs in patients with psoriatic arthritis, which necessitates further research in this direction with greater selectivity.
Physiological significance of the family of vascular endothelial growth factors and its role in ophthalmology
Authors:   Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University, Okonenko T. I. , Novikova A. P. ,   Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University, Antropova G. A. ,   Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University
Published: May 2024

This literature review presents current data on the role of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in physiology and pathology and its application in ophthalmology. The main physiological properties of the VEGF family factors and the role of their receptors in the development and regulation of angiogenesis are described. Clarification of the mechanisms of vascular growth in physiological conditions is necessary to understand the processes of formation of new vessels, since their violation underlies the development of many diseases, including in ophthalmology. Medicines used in ophthalmology that inhibit VEGF-mediated angiogenesis are presented in this review. A number of reports describe signs of retinal damage during antiVEGF therapy. It is currently unclear whether retinal toxicity from VEGF-A neutralization arises from impaired direct VEGF-A-mediated cytoprotection or from an indirect effect such as impaired VEGF-A-mediated vascular perfusion. Therefore, the further study of the physiological role of the vascular endothelial growth factor will allow the development of new medicines for the treatment and prevention of eye diseases.
Significance of lymphodraining operations in complex treatment of non-tumor obstructive jaundice
Authors:   Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University, Veber V. R. , Kashaeva M. D. ,   Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University, City Clinical Hospital named after V.V. Veresaev, Proshin A. V. ,   Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University, Shvetsov D. A. ,   Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University, Dubovaya T. K. ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Buikin S. V. ,   Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Bochkareva A. N. ,   Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University
Published: May 2024

The results of treatment of 118 patients with obstructive jaundice of non-tumor etiology have been analyzed. All patients were divided into control and main groups according to the volume of preoperative preparation and stages of surgical treatment. The control group consisted of 30 patients who were operated after a short-term standard preparation including cholecystectomy and biliary decompression. The main group consisted of 88 patients who underwent two- or three-stage surgical interventions on the biliary tract and lymphatic system, which included external drainage of the thoracic duct, endoscopic papillosphincterotomy and lymphovenous anastomosis. The mortality rate in the control group was 23.2%, of which 8% of patients with jaundice duration up to 10 days, 45% — with jaundice duration up to 14 days. In the main group, the overall mortality was 5.5%, which is 4.2 times lower than in the control group. Of those with a duration of cholestasis up to 10 days, there was no mortality, in patients with a duration of biliary occlusion up to 14 days, it was 7% and in patients with a duration of up to 3–6 weeks — 15%. According to the indications, lymphovenous anastomosis was performed in 39 patients; there was no mortality cases among these patients. During the study, it was confirmed that lymphatic drainage operations in combination with endoscopic biliary decompression help to reduce porto-lymphatic pressure, sanitize the biliary tract, reduce endogenous intoxication and improve treatment outcomes
B12-deficiency anemia combined with active cytomegalovirus infection in a one-year-old child
Authors:   Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University, Larina N. G. , Pavlova K. N. ,   Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University,   Regional Children's Clinical Hospital, Naumova E. V. ,   Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University,   Regional Children's Clinical Hospital, Balashova A. D ,   Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University
Published: May 2024

The article presents a clinical case of B12-deficiency anemia in combination with active cytomegalovirus infection in a one-year-old child. This type of anemia is extremely rare in childhood, under certain circumstances, including the enthusiasm for restrictive diets among young patients’ mothers. In the described case, severe megaloblastic macrocytic anemia was combined with generalized cytomegalovirus infection, which aggravated the course and prognosis of the disease. These pathologies led to damage of the central nervous system with a tempo neurological deficit, as well as the development of protein-energy insufficiency. Complex therapy included hemotransfusion of erythrocyte mass, injections of anticytomegalovirus immunoglobulin and cyanocobalamin. The general condition of the child improved, recovery of previously lost skills and significant positive laboratory dynamics were noted after the therapy.
Suture failure after abdominal delivery: problems and solutions (literature review)
Authors:   Kirov State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russia, Starikova D. V.
Published: May 2024

In many countries, there has recently been an increase in the frequency of cesarean section (C-section). In developed countries, the C-section rate has reached 30%; in Russia, it varies from 3 to 47,4%. Recent studies have also shown an increase in postoperative complications associated with Csection. This research aims to assess the disclosure of the problem of suture (scar) failure after C-section and to investigate the role of common clinical risk factors and laboratory markers in the development of suture failure associated with C-sections. This study expands our understanding of the actual diagnostics of this pathology. The authors introduce a variant of solving the problem of reducing the risk of postoperative complications in women after C-sections in the form of developing a computer program for predicting the development of this pathology.
Preparation of copper films with developed surface morphology and microcrystalline structure at high current densities
Authors:   Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University ", Muratova E. N. ,   LETI", Vrublevsky I. A. ,   Belarusian State University of Informatics and Radioelectronics, Tuchkovsky A. K. ,   Belarusian State University of Informatics and Radioelectronics, Lushpa N. V. ,   Belarusian State University of Informatics and Radioelectronics, Kovaleva O. A. ,   Belarusian State University of Informatics and Radioelectronics
Published: May 2024

The results of studies of surface morphology and composition of copper coatings obtained by electrodeposition at high current densities are presented. It is shown that the copper deposits have a pyramidal growth of crystals with the formation of crystalline aggregates with distinct edges. Thus, the crystals were characterized by a homogeneous form over the entire surface area of the samples. Increasing the current density and, accordingly, overvoltage leads to an increase of the number of crystal nuclei, that causes formation of large crystalline aggregates due to the fusion of neighboring crystals. Electrodeposition conditions at high current densities make it possible to control the values of electrochemical and diffusion factors as well as the mechanism of nucleation and growth of copper crystals. The results obtained indicate that by varying the conditions of electrolysis, it is possible to obtain copper deposits with a specific microcrystalline structure.
Method of obtaining signal-to-noise values at the output of the synthesized antenna array of the ultrasonic stand in the presence of various types of active interference
Authors:   A. F. Mozhaysky Military-Space Academy, Semenov A. A.
Published: May 2024

A method of obtaining signal-to-noise values at the output of the synthesized antenna array of an ultrasonic stand in the presence of active interference is considered. This method uses an algorithm for implementing the experimental scenario, which has spatial correlations during processing radar information in an ultrasonic location stand. It is shown that when forming the measurement procedure, the spatial position of the transmitter and the angle reflector also contributes to the evaluation of the data obtained, as does the position of the interference source, which directly affects the formation of the result. Examples of the received information about the position of the corner reflector according to the ultrasonic location stand data with direct interference are given. The considered method makes it possible to conduct research to assess the effect of active interference and noise on the algorithms of operation and functioning processes of real radar stations based on an ultrasonic location stand.
Express analysis of the corrosion resistance of alloys of the Ni-Cr-Mo system (Ni-Cr, Ni-Mo) according to the set amount of tone in the reflected-light spectral group
Authors:   LLC ", Mikhailov D. L. ,   PROMDETAL",   A. A. Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ermishkin V. A. ,   A. A. Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Minina N. A. ,   A. A. Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kulagin S. P. ,   A. A. Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: May 2024

This article proposes a method for evaluating the corrosion resistance of single-phase nickel alloys of the Ni-Cr-Mo, Ni-Cr, Ni-Mo systems having a solid solution structure. The initial data for evaluating the corrosion resistance are the data obtained as a result of the analysis of the tone components of the reflected visible light by calculating the wavelength of the reflected light. The proposed method evaluates the amount of tone in the participating color groups, where tone is a hue or mixture of pure colors to which pure gray is added (equal amounts of black and white). The received information is processed using the developed software that performs the analysis of tone components. The method consists in receiving and fixing reflected visible light from a fragment of material. Next, it is evaluated by wavelength, making a histogram of the normalized amount of tone in the participating color groups that are in a certain wavelength range of reflected light. Further, the calculated amount of tone in the color group is related to the set number of pixels of the image of the fragment, determining, respectively, the specific amount of tone in the color group. In the case of several color groups in reflected light, the predominant color group is determined, where the normalized amount of tone is calculated. Next, the normalized amount of tone in the group is related to the total number of pixels in the fragment. A larger tone value determined for the fragment pixels characterizes the best corrosion resistance of the compared alloy samples. Images of fragments for evaluation are offered in digital format.
Didaktische Grundorientierung. Die Kooperation am Gemeinsamen Gegenstand und die Mehrdimensionale Reflexive Pädagogik und Didaktik
Authors: Ziemen Kerstin
Published: May 2024

Dieser Beitrag geht der Frage nach, inwieweit die „Mehrdimensionale Reflexive Pädagogik und Didaktik“ (MRD) möglicherweise eine Weiterführung der „entwicklungslogischen Didaktik“ und damit auch der „Kooperation am Gemeinsamen Gegenstand“ darstellen kann. Das Potential dafür kommt vor allem durch die fünf sich aufeinander beziehenden Dimensionen der „Mehrdimensionalen Reflexiven Pädagogik und Didaktik“ zur Geltung. Die innere Differenzierung von Unterricht wird mit Blick auf die handlungspraktische Umsetzung durch die „führenden Tätigkeiten“ exemplifiziert. (DIPF/Orig.)
Vom Gegenstand Inklusion zu gemeinsamen Lerngegenständen. Grundlagen inklusiven Unterrichts
Authors: Sasse Ada
Published: May 2024

Die Rede vom gemeinsamen Gegenstand ist in der inklusiven Didaktik so selbstverständlich geworden, dass hierbei eine Reihe grundlegender pädagogischer Fragen unbeantwortet bleibt, beispielsweise die folgenden: Was ist ein Gegenstand? Wenn Lernen subjektiv ist – kann es dann einen gemeinsamen Gegenstand für verschiedene Schüler:innen geben? Was für ein Gegenstand ist Inklusion für Lehrer:innen? Und weshalb ist der Gegenstand Inklusion in professioneller Kooperation zu bearbeiten, obwohl Unterrichten individuell ist? Die Beantwortung dieser Fragen verdeutlicht zum einen, wie voraussetzungsreich inklusiver Unterricht auf Basis eines als gemeinsam vereinbarten Lerngegenstands ist – und zum anderen, dass ein solcher Unterricht keine Utopie, sondern ein realistisches Ziel von Schul- und Unterrichtsentwicklung darstellt. (DIPF/Orig.)
Analisis Kesamaan Gambar Menggunakan Metode Ekstraksi Fitur
Authors: Agung Wibowo  , Ade Pratama  , Kustiyono
Published: May 2024

This research begins with a discussion of imaging systems. Many user interactive systems are built with basic concepts. However, they fail to meet user needs or attract user attention. As a result, in the last few years, research has concentrated on new and up-to-date specifications that keep users attracted to the expected way to interact well. The system focuses on using a variety of mathematical methods to take images from a large collection of images based on color projection. Images are grouped into subgroups with threshold values before using the suggested technique. The combination of colors R, G, B is considered for taking images in this research through the observed results so that we can produce more effective results compared to previously existing ones.
 
Abstrak
Penelitian ini memulai dengan membahas sistem pengambilan gambar. Banyak sistem interaktif pengguna dibangun dengan konsep dasar. Namun, mereka gagal memenuhi kebutuhan pengguna atau menarik perhatian pengguna. Akibatnya, dalam beberapa tahun terakhir, penelitian telah berkonsentrasi pada spesifikasi baru dan terkini yang membuat pengguna tertarik dengan cara yang diharapkan untuk berinteraksi dengan baik. Sistem ini berfokus pada penggunaan berbagai metode matematika untuk mengambil gambar dari koleksi gambar besar yang didasarkan pada proyeksi warna. Gambar dikelompokkan menjadi subkelompokan dengan nilai ambang batas sebelum menggunakan teknik yang disarankan. kombinasi warna R, G, B dipertimbangkan untuk pengambilan gambar dalam riset ini melalui hasil yang diamati agar kita dapat menghasilkan hasil yang lebih efektif dibandingkan dengan hasil yang sudah ada sebelumnya.
ASSISTÊNCIA FARMACÊUTICA NOS CUIDADOS À CRIANÇAS PORTADORAS DO TRANSTORNO DO ESPECTRO AUTISTA (TEA)
Authors: Portugal da Silva Viviane , Igor Alves Fernandes de Araújo Diego , Guilherme Ferreira Marques Galvão José , Costa e Sá Lima Íris
Published: May 2024

O autismo é um distúrbio do neurodesenvolvimento que afeta a capacidade de comunicação, interação social e o uso da imaginação. Caracteriza-se por dificuldades nessas áreas e pode apresentar padrões de comportamento restritos e repetitivos. A detecção precoce e um adequado tratamento podem melhorar significativamente a vida das crianças com autismo. Para diagnosticar corretamente o autismo, é recomendada a avaliação multiprofissional. Entre os profissionais envolvidos, destaca-se o farmacêutico. A assistência farmacêutica compreende um conjunto de atividades relacionadas à terapia medicamentosa, voltada para apoiar ações de saúde direcionadas à comunidade. O farmacêutico é um profissional capacitado, com conhecimento acerca dos medicamentos. Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi desenvolver uma compreensão mais aprofundada sobre o autismo e suas implicações. Considerando que medicamentos não têm efeito direto sobre o autismo, mas sim sobre os sintomas específicos associados à condição, diversos fármacos são frequentemente utilizados na prática clínica. O objetivo é controlar a agressividade, agitação, impulsividade e outros sintomas. Método: Foram utilizadas as seguintes bases de dados: Scientific Eletronic Library Online (SciELO), Biblioteca Nacional em Saúde (BVS) e U. S National Library of Medicine (PubMed). Utilizando os seguintes descritores adequadamente cadastrados nos Descritores em Ciência da Saúde (DeCS): “autismo (autism); assistência (assistance); farmacêutico (pharmaceutical) publicados nos últimos 10 anos. Resultados: Nesse contexto, este estudo enfatizou a importância da atenção farmacêutica e propõe um protocolo de interação direta entre farmacêutico e paciente. O objetivo foi alcançar um tratamento medicamentoso racional com resultados mensuráveis e claros. Conclusão: Ademais, espera-se que os resultados venham para fomentar estratégicas direcionadas para assistência farmacêutica nos cuidados a crianças portadoras do transtorno do espectro autista (TEA).

Palavras Chave: Autismo; assistência farmacêutica; TEA; criança; farmacoterapia.
Peacemakers in Action: Dishani Jayaweera in Sri Lanka
Authors: Editors Intersections
Published: May 2024

An article showcasing a two-part episode of Tanenbaum's Peacemakers in Action Podcast.
Effects of Electric Current on Performance of Bio-hydrogen Production
Authors: Huang Chung-Fu , Yin Tong , Zhang Ting , Huang An-Chi , Jang Ting-Wei , Wan Terng-Jou
Published: May 2024

Fermentation is the most beneficial process for hydrogen (H2) production. The previous studies were mostly focused on medium, microorganisms, pH control, temperature, and hydraulic retention time. In this study, we used electric current to measure the H2 production rate and its concentration. We observed the microorganism morphology to determine the effect of electric current on the microorganism growth state. The results showed the range of H2 production rate and its concentration were 1,200−1,350 mL/L∙hr and 32−42% with the current of 1.05−3.66 mA/cm2. H2 concentration decreased to 2.09 mA/cm2. However, with the shorter rod-shaped microorganisms, the production time was shorter than the original strain.
Uji Aktivitas Anti-Inflamasi Ekstrak Sabut Kelapa (Cocos nucifera L.) dengan Metode Stabilisasi Membran Sel Darah Merah
Authors: Pangemanan Damajanty H. C. Pangemanan , Mariati Ni Wayan , Rantetondok Angelin L.
Published: May 2024

Abstract: Dental and oral care often causes injuries that can trigger an inflammatory reaction associated with feeling of discomfort. Drugs that can be given for the treatment of inflammation, namely corticosteroids of the glucocorticoid group and non-steroidal anti-inflammatories (NSAIDs). However, these drugs have side effects, therefore, alternatives with minimal toxicity that can be found in plants are preferrable. Coconut coir has the potential to be an anti-inflammatory drug because it contains flavonoids, tannins and saponins. This study aimed to determine the anti-inflammatory activity of coconut coir extract at concentrations of 50, 100, 150, 500, and 1000 ppm. This was a pure experimental study with a post-test-only control design using blood of rats weighing above 250 grams taken through the retro-orbital sinus. The samples were divided into seven groups, namely 50, 100, 150, 500, 1000 ppm, positive control, and negative control. The results showed that coconut coir extract contained alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and terpenoids. The percentages of inhibition of hemolysis were obtained at 50, 100, 150, 500, and 1000 ppm, namely 14.73%, 24.60%, 38.86%, 43.11%, and 50.39%. In conclusion, coconut coir extract (Cocos nucifera L.) has anti-inflammatory activity. Extract concentration of 1000 ppm has the highest anti-inflammatory activity.
Keywords: inflammation; coconut coir extract; stabilization of red blood cell membranes
  
Abstrak: Perawatan gigi dan mulut tidak jarang menimbulkan perlukaan yang dapat memicu reaksi inflamasi disertai rasa tidak nyaman. Golongan obat yang dapat diberikan untuk pengobatan inflamasi, yaitu kortikosteroid golongan glukokortikoid dan anti-inflamasi non-steroid (AINS). Namun, obat-obat tersebut memiliki efek samping sehingga dibutuhkan alternatif dengan toksisitas minimal yang dapat ditemukan pada tanaman. Sabut kelapa berpotensi menjadi obat anti-inflamasi karena mengandung flavonoid, tanin, dan saponin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas anti-inflamasi ekstrak sabut kelapa konsentrasi 50, 100, 150, 500, dan 1000 ppm. Penelitian ini merupakan eksperimental murni dengan post-test only control design menggunakan darah tikus yang diambil melalui sinus retro-orbitalis. Kriteria tikus ialah berat di atas 250 gram, yang dibagi menjadi tujuh kelompok, yaitu 50, 100, 150, 500, 1000 ppm, kontrol positif, dan kontrol negatif. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan bahwa ekstrak sabut kelapa mengandung senyawa alkaloid, flavonoid, tanin, saponin, dan terpenoid. Hasil persentase inhibisi hemolisis didapatkan pada 50, 100, 150, 500, dan 1000 ppm, yaitu 14,73%, 24,60%, 38,86%, 43,11%, 50,39%. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah ekstrak sabut kelapa (Cocos nucifera L.) memiliki aktivitas anti-inflamasi. Konsentrasi ekstrak 1000 ppm memiliki aktivitas anti inflamasi tertinggi.
Kata kunci: inflamasi; ekstrak sabut kelapa; stabilisasi membran sel darah merah
PERILAKU JOB CRAFTING PEGAWAI DALAM MENINGKATKAN PELAYANAN PUBLIK DI KECAMATAN
Authors: Syamsul Alam  , La Ode Mustafa  , Gunawan  , Elwan La Ode Muhammmad
Published: May 2024

The important role of employees in interactions between government and society in sub-districts attracts attention, especially regarding discretionary behavior such as job crafting which is considered to improve public services. The aim of this research is to determine the proportion of employees in the sub-district who are actively involved in job crafting behavior in improving public services, and to identify variations in the level of involvement among employees in the three dimensions of job crafting. This research used quantitative methods and involved all 39 employees from a sub-district government in Kendari City. Data was obtained through the use of a questionnaire with a Likert scale and distributed directly manually, and then analyzed using descriptive statistical analysis methods. The data analysis technique used was descriptive statistical analysis. The research results show that the majority of employees in this sub-district are active in job crafting, achieving around 75.9% ideal scores. However, variations in the level of involvement are seen among the dimensions of job crafting, namely seeking resources, seeking challenges, and reducing demands on the job. With a high standard deviation, it shows significant variation in the level of job crafting.
Epitaxial growth of high-quality Mg3Sb2 thin films on annealed c-plane Al2O3 substrates and their thermoelectric properties
Authors: Ayukawa Akito , Kiridoshi Nozomu , Yamamoto Wakaba , Yasuhara Akira , Udono Haruhiko , Sakane Shunya
Published: May 2024

High-quality epitaxial Mg3Sb2 thin films are promising thermoelectric materials to enable practical applications of compact and environmentally friendly thermoelectric conversion at RT. In this study, high-quality single-crystal Mg3Sb2 with high c-plane orientation was epitaxially grown directly on annealed c-Al2O3 substrates without passive layers. These thin films exhibited about three times higher thermoelectric power factor than any previously reported values due to high carrier mobility. The ultra-smooth surface of the annealed c-Al2O3 substrate facilitated the formation of high-quality Mg3Sb2 thin films without passive layers or polycrystalline interfaces that could be carrier scatters.
Pengaruh Disiplin Kerja dan Pengawasan Kerja Terhadap Kinerja dengan Kepuasan Kerja sebagai Variabel Mediasi pada PT Sewangi Sejati Luhur Kecamatan Tapung Hulu Kabupaten Kampar
Authors: Situmorang Alexander , Deswarta Deswarta
Published: May 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji pengaruh disiplin kerja dan pengawasan kerja terhadap kinerja yang dimediasi oleh kepuasan kerja pada PT.Sewangi Sejati Luhur Kecamatan Tapung Hulu Kabupaten Kampar. Sampel pada penelitian ini adalah 100 orang responden. Penelitian ini mengadopsi pendekatan kuantitatif dengan sudut pandang deskriptif. Pengambilan sampel biasanya dilakukan secara acak. Perangkat lunak Structural Equation Modeling berbasis Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa secara hubungan langsung disiplin kerja dan kepuasan kerja berpengaruh terhadap kinerja, sedangkan pengawasan kerja tidak berpengaruh terhadap kinerja. Dalam hubungan tidak langsung disiplin kerja berpengaruh terhadap kinerja melalui kepuasan kerja, namun pengawasan kerja tidak berpengaruh terhadap kinerja melalui kepuasan kerja.
PENGARUH DANA ALOKASI UMUM (DAU), DANA ALOKASI KHUSUS (DAK), PENDAPATAN ASLI DAERAH (PAD) DAN DANA BAGI HASIL (DBH) TERHADAP BELANJA MODAL PADA PEMERINTAH PROVINSI KALIMANTAN SELATAN
Authors: Ramadiana Yulia
Published: May 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis Dana Alokasi Umum (DAU), Dana Alokasi Khusus (DAK), Pendapatan Asli Daerah (PAD) dan Dana Bagi Hasil (DBH) berpengaruh simultan dan parsial terhadap Belanja Modal Pada Pemerintah Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian asosiatif yang bersifat kausal (causal research). Dalam penelitian ini, populasi dan sampel yang digunakan adalah seluruh pendapatan asli daerah, dana alokasi umum, dana alokasi khusus, dan dana bagi hasil dari 13 Kota/Kabupaten Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan jumlah sampel yang memenuhi kriteria-kriteria tersebut, di antaranya sebanyak 2 Kota dan 11 Kabupaten selama periode 2017-2021 dengan jumlah pengamatan 65 data. Penggunaan tekniknya dengan metode regresi berganda. Penelitian menghasilkan bahwa Dana Alokasi Umum (DAU), Dana Alokasi Khusus (DAK), Pendapaan Asli Daerah (PAD), dan Dana Bagi Hasil (DBH) berpengaruh simultan dan parsial signifikan terhadap Belanja Modal pada Pemerintah Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan. Kemudian, Pendapatan Asli Daerah (PAD) memiliki pengaruh dominan terhadap Belanja Modal pada Pemerintah Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan.
Menorrhagia
Authors: Ali Dr. Sohaib , Ahmad Dr. Faizan
Published: May 2024

The paper reviews the guidelines for Menorrhagia with the aim to make primary care clinicians aware of signs and symptoms of Menorrhagia, and how to manage these in the community.
The Regulation of Index-Based Agricultural Insurance Products as a Risk Management Tool for Small Holder Farmers in Cameroon
Authors: Nyinewoh Tatamiyih Seidou , Richard Prof Mbifi , Forsuh Dr. Fon Fielding
Published: May 2024

The regulation of index based agricultural insurance for small holder farmers in Cameroon are as a result of the risk they are exposed to like weather variability and related risks associated with their activities especially droughts, floods, pests and input costs and more importantly the limits of indemnity based agricultural insurance. Like any other poor and low income farmers with small land holdings their risk exposures can only be managed through good laws especially with the use of index insurance as a risk management tool. This article examines the CIMA Code as a regulatory instrument for agricultural insurance as far as small holder farmers are concerned. Book VII of the CIMA Code introduced microisurance in 2012 as a panacea to indemnity insurance which enabled the codification and development of index insurance by member states. The implementation of Index-based agricultural insurance faces considerable challenges that must be overcome to effectively service farmers in remote areas in a country like Cameroon. These challenges includes amongst others: regulatory insufficiency, limited historical rainfall and crop yield data, information on livestock mortality and limited infrastructures just to mention a few. It is recommended inter-alia that these aforementioned could be addressed through codification, infrastructural developments, inclusion of non-farming activities like banking and micro finance institutions amongst others.
Co-Infection of Tuberculosis and COVID-19 in Children: A Case Report
Authors: Jasin Madeleine Ramdhani , Ayuningtyas Talitha Rahma , Rafli Achmad , Mangunatmadja Irawan , Indawati Wahyuni , Kaswandani Nastiti
Published: May 2024

Background:Coinfection TB and COVID-19 might occur, yet few evidence has been reported. Current COVID-19 pandemic also results in disruption at TB management in the community. Case: A 5-month-old boy came with recurrent seizure, with history of persistent cough and fever for 1 month prior, also positive possible TB contact. The diagnosis was disseminated TB (miliary and meningitis), coinfected with COVID-19.Discussion: During COVID-19 pandemic, TB service in the community is disrupted resulting in delay in TB diagnosis, as observed in this patient, leading to severe manifestation. Coinfection of TB and COVID-19 can occur and may lead to more severe symptoms in either both diseases. Management of TB COVID-19 coinfected children is similar to those without COVID-19. Our patient received treatment consisting of 2 RHZE then 10 RH. Monitoring of symptoms and possible sequelae is necessary.Conclusion: Coinfection TB and COVID-19 may occur in children, and both can lead to more severe manifestation of each condition, particularly if diagnosis is delayed. Strengthening TB care in the community is essential so that there will be no delay in diagnosis, also no disruption in treatment and monitoring.Keywords COVID-19, tuberculosis, coinfection, children
Overview of Peak Expiratory Flow Rate in Elementary School Students in the Coastal Area of Hutumuri Village
Authors: Lutfhi Muhammad , Tentua Vebiyanti , Devi Cokorda Istri Arintha
Published: May 2024

Background: Respiratory diseases are the most common cause of death in children, in this case most of them are obstructive disorders. Peak expiratory flow (PEF) is a tool for detecting airway obstruction, which the value is influenced by host and environmental factors. Examination of PEF aims to describe the condition of the large-calibre airway. A decrease in PEF values indicates an expiratory airways resistance. This study aimed to determine how the condition of pulmonary physiology in children living in the coastal area, with peak expiratory flow parameters in elementary school students in coastal areas, area of Hutumuri Village.Methods: The design used in this study was descriptive quantitative with cross-sectional method. This study took variables in the group of children aged 8-13 years, the group of children with weight between 15-36 kg, height of 118-139 cm, the group of children with a hobby of swimming, the group of children with a history of respiratory disease. The sampling technique used was total sampling with a total of 215 respondents in four elementary schools located in Hutumuri Village, South Leitimur District, Ambon City which included 53 Batu Gong Elementary School, Toisapu Elementary School, 52 Lawena Elementary School and Hutumuri Christian Elementary School.Results: The value of PEF rate increased in the group of children with aged ≥12-13 years, the group of children with body weight ≥36 kg, the group of children with height ≥139 cm, the group of children who did not have a history of respiratory disease, and the group of children with swimming as hobby.Conclusion: The average value of PEF in children who live in coastal areas had increased and of the 215 respondents studied, most were found in the normal PEF group or the percentage of 80-100% with 114 respondents (53.0%).
Duration of Hospitalization and Risk Factors of Readmission of Community-Acquired Pneumonia Incidence in Hospitalized Toddlers
Authors: Lisa Corina , Arini Merita
Published: May 2024

Background: The Indonesia Health Profile Report 2020 stated that pneumonia is one of the causes of high infant and toddler mortality in Indonesia. Length of stay and readmission are crucial indicators of service quality for hospitalized pneumonia patients. This study aims to determine the duration of hospitalization and identify risk factors for readmission among toddlers hospitalized with CAP.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted with subjects of pneumonia toddlers hospitalized in Sarila Husada Hospital Sragen from November 2021 to Januari 2023Results: A total of 357 toddlers were hospitalized with CAP (median age = 17 months; IQR 7–24); the majority were under 36 months old (309 subjects; 86%); male (54%) predominated than female (46%). Median duration of hospitalization for CAP=2 days with IQR=3.0-5.0. Readmission events were only 5, higher among toddlers aged 2-36 months but not statistically significant. Factors associated with readmission in CAP toddlers were the history of previous hospitalizations during the past year due to infection (P=0.012; adjusted odds ratio [aOR]=13.6; confidence interval [CI]=1.49–12.34).Conclusion: The readmission rate was very low in our study. Toddlers 2–36 months of age and those with previous hospitalizations with infections are at higher risk of readmission in CAP.
Non-Severe COVID-19 Complicated by Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT)
Authors: Rajabto Wulyo , Priantono Dimas
Published: May 2024

Background: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) displays various symptoms ranging from asymptomatic to life-threatening. Patients may present with typical respiratory infections or atypical symptoms. Non-severe COVID-19 encompasses mild and moderate cases, characterized by the absence of criteria for severe or critical illness, with mild cases not showing evidence of viral pneumonia or hypoxia and moderate cases maintaining SpO2 levels of at least 90% on room air.Case: We presented a COVID-19 case with the chief complaint of unilateral leg swelling. A 48-year-old male was admitted with the chief complaint of cramps and swelling of the left leg. He had a history of fever, cough, nausea, and vomiting. Laboratory studies showed elevated D-dimer. Doppler ultrasound shows signs of both proximal and distal deep vein thrombosis.  CT pulmonary angiography excluded pulmonary embolism while the lung window image supported the diagnosis of COVID-19 pneumonia. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) obtained from nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swabs confirmed COVID-19 infection.Discussion: We treated the patient with parenteral anticoagulation followed by direct oral anticoagulant upon discharge. The swelling improved as well as the patient’s clinical status. Thromboembolic complications have been credited as the culprit of high mortality in COVID-19. Systemic activation of coagulation in pulmonary and peripheral circulation contributed to life-threatening thrombotic complications. Our patient presented with COVID-19-associated proximal and distal DVT without pulmonary embolism.Conclusion: Prompt diagnosis of COVID-19 infection and acute DVT improves patient care. The hallmark of the management of VTE in COVID-19 patients is treatment with therapeutic dose parenteral anticoagulation followed by oral anticoagulant.
Interventional Approach on Lung Abscess
Authors: Audina Dea Putri , Agustin Heidy , Reisa Tina
Published: May 2024

Lung abscess is a necrotic liquefaction process containing necrotic debris or fluid from the lung parenchyma tissue, creating a cavity of more than 2 cm caused by bacterial infection. The most common etiology of lung abscess is oral aspiration. With a high incidence of tuberculosis in Indonesia, Mycobacterium tuberculosis may also cause cold abscesses, although rarely reported. Several things can increase the risk of developing a lung abscess, such as oral aspiration, sepsis, and history of previous lung infection. The treatment for lung abscess was classified into two groups, the pharmacology group which uses antibiotics including clindamycin, ampicillin-sulbactam, moxifloxacin, carbapenem, and piperacillin-tazobactam; and the other group is non-pharmacology therapy including drainage which is indicated for patient with a size cavity of more than 6 cm. There are several options for drainage such as percutaneous or endoscopic drainage. Bronchoscopy may serve as a diagnostic and also intervention tool in lung abscess.
Acute Myocardial Infarction in Severe Acute Exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Surviving Case
Authors: Cempakadewi Ade Ajeng , Puspita Sari Putu Ayu Diah , Budiana I Putu Gede
Published: May 2024

Background: COPD is characterized by chronic respiratory symptoms with progressive, irreversible structural abnormalities and impaired lung function. Previously, COPD was known as a condition that only affected the airways and lungs, but recent studies have revealed the incidence of cardiovascular disease in this population as the prevalence increased.Case: A 68-year-old male came to the emergency room fully conscious, complaining of shortness of breath since the afternoon. A physical examination detected tachypnea, desaturation of oxygen, and additional breath sounds in both lungs. Blood gas analysis with the result of respiratory acidosis supported the diagnosis of AECOPD (acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease), impending type II respiratory failure, cor-pulmonale. During the treatment in the intensive unit, the physicians recognized deteriorating conditions as unconsciousness, unstable vital signs, and ST-T segment changes on the ECG with an elevated cardiac marker. Other medications (antiplatelet, LMWH, and statin) were given immediately. The patient’s condition improved. On the ninth day of the treatments, the patient was discharged home.Discussion: Acute exacerbations of COPD have a higher risk of developing ischemic heart disease with varying underlying mechanisms (atherosclerosis process and oxygen supply-demand imbalance). Understanding the numerous pathways that contribute to AMI (acute myocardial infarction) in COPD will help physicians determine the therapy.Conclusion: Based on this case, the ECG and cardiac enzymes warrant immediate evaluation, as must symptoms, vital signs, clinical findings, and other changes. Delays in case finding and treatment can worsen the prognosis.
Non-Invasive Respiratory Support Strategy in Adults with Acute Respiratory Failure
Authors: Soebekti Wahyu , Zulfikar Teuku , Priyanto Herry
Published: May 2024

Patients with acute respiratory failure wil sometimes need invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV). High-demand events such as a pandemic will render the already limited bed in the ICU unavailable for another patient who also needs IMV. Acute respiratory failure can be divided into two categories: hypoxemic respiratory failure and hypercapnic respiratory failure. Non-invasive strategies presently available for treatment of acute respiratory failure are non-invasive ventilation (NIV), continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), and high flow nasal oxygen (HFNO). Strong evidence has been present for the use of NIV in acute exacerbations of COPD, cardiogenic pulmonary edema, and ARF in immunocompromised patients, while in hypoxemic respiratory failure, there is low to moderate certainty of evidence pointing to the benefit of CPAP and HFNO. Correctly and selectively using these non-invasive strategies can reduce mortality and prevent intubation.
Effects of Nontraditional Messages in Dynamic Message Signs on Improving Safety, Compliance, and Avoiding Distraction
Authors:   University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Zhai Yuhui , Ouyang Yanfeng ,   University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
Published: May 2024

This project develops capability for future studies on the effects of nontraditional messages in dynamic message signs on improving driver safety and compliance and avoiding distractions. An online survey and a driving simulation game were designed, and a pilot run was conducted with a small number of students in the University of Illinois Urbana Champaign. Survey responses and simulation data were analyzed to reveal preliminary findings on notable effectiveness across different types of messages (e.g., humorous, emotionless, negative). The pilot study also provides guidelines and recommendations for running a large-scale survey and simulation game in the future.
Adopsi Energi Hijau Berbasis Panel Surya Untuk Menghemat Biaya Operasional Pada Irigasi Pertanian
Authors: Sudianto  , Ajeng Dyah Kurniawati
Published: May 2024

The problem of farmer groups in Kedungbenda Village is the constraints of the planting cycle, which is limited to only twice a year due to drought on agricultural land. So far, irrigation has been sustained from rainfall. As a result, farmers supply irrigation by pumping water from rivers. However, it costs a lot of money. This activity aims to apply solar panel-based green energy to overcome operational costs in agricultural irrigation experienced by farmer group partners in Kedungbenda Village, Purbalingga. The approach used in this activity is the installation of solar panel-based Appropriate Technology (TTG) tools. The output target of this activity is that solar panels are installed and function to pump water as a saving on agricultural irrigation operations. TTG Solar panels can reduce operational costs for farmer groups by up to 90%. In addition, the sustainability of this activity is expected to help farmer groups in Kedungbenda Village in agricultural irrigation by irrigating rice fields without electricity and diesel costs. In addition, this activity can help farmer groups during droughts in the rice fields of Kedungbenda Village.