bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Interrater reliability of modified visual MRI rating scale assessing atrophy and white matter changes
Authors: Kandemir Yilmaz Melek , Yalciner Zehra Betul , Tepe M. Savaş
Published: February 2023

Background and purpose – Cortical atrophy and white matter changes are common findings on magnetic resonance imaging among elderly. Several visual scales have been proposed to evaluate these changes using neuroimaging. We have recently proposed a scale (Modified Visual Magnetic Resonance Rating Scale) recently which allows us to evaluate atrophy, white matter hyperintensities, basal ganglia and infratentorial infarcts together. Our aim in this study was to evaluate the interrater reliability of magnetic resonance visual assessment using this scale between two neurologists and a radiologist. Methods – Randomly selected 30 patients in different ages who underwent brain magnetic resonance imaging between January 2014 and March 2015 were included. Axial T1, coronal T2, and axial FLAIR sequences were visually scored by two neurologists and one radiologist separately. Sulcal, ventricular and medial temporal lobe atrophy, periventricular and subcortical white matter hyperintensities, basal ganglia and infratentorial infarcts were graded according to our scale. The interrater reliability and internal consistency analysis were evaluated by using intraclass correlation coefficient and Cronbach’s alpha tests. Results – The interrater agreements vary between good to excellent. The interrater correlations are moderate to excellent. Interrater correlations were excellent between two neurologists, especially on ventricular atrophy, medial temporal atrophy, basal ganglia infarcts, infratentorial infarcts. When assessing ventricular atrophy, interrater correlations between individual raters were higher than sulcal atrophy. We found good correlations between neurologists and radiologist, and excellent correlations between the two neurologists for medial temporal atrophy. We found excellent interrater correlations between neurologists and radiologist for white matter hyperintensities. Conclusion – Our scale is a reliable tool assessing both atrophy and white matter hyperintensities with a good interrater reliability. Ventricular atrophy seems to be a more reliable marker than sulcal atrophy when assessing the atrophy on neuroimaging of a patient with memory decline. We think that the total score of the scale will also guide us in clinical practice.
A műtéti felkészítés hatásának vizsgálata gerincműtétet követően
Authors: Sütő Judit , Klekner Álmos , Nagy János , Szemán-Nagy Anita
Published: February 2023

Háttér és cél – Interdiszciplináris kutatások igazolják, hogy a betegek sebészeti beavatkozással kapcsolatos félelmei és szorongásai meghatározó szerepet játszanak a műtét utáni felépülés sikerességében. A pszichoedukáció olyan professzionális információátadó módszer, melynek célja a betegek betegségükkel és az azzal való megküzdéssel kapcsolatos ismereteinek bővítése, a betegséghez kapcsolódó problémák érzelmi feldolgozása. Amennyiben a betegek a műtétet követően kompetensnek érzik magukat a saját gyógyulási folyamatukban, kevesebb fájdalmat élnek át, hamarabb válnak önellátóvá, és csökken a klinikán eltöltött ápolási napok száma. Módszerek – Kutatásunk során azt vizsgáltuk, hogy a gerincműtétet megelőző pszichoedukáció milyen mértékben befolyásolja a gerincműtétet követő időszak gyógyszerigényét (fájdalomcsillapító-fogyasztás). Eredmények – Megállapítottuk, hogy a betegoktatásban részesülő vizsgálati csoport műtét utáni gyógyszerigénye szignifikánsan kisebb, mint a kontrollcsoporté. Következtetés – Eredményeink alátámasztják, hogy a sebészeti betegellátás részét képező pszichoedukáció elősegíti a betegek minél hamarabbi mobilizációját, testi-lelki jóllétének helyreállását, ezáltal a pszichológus mindennapi jelenléte a sebészeti osztályokon hozzájárul a betegellátás költséghatékony kivitelezéséhez.
Novel heterozygous STUB1 gene mutation causes SCA48 in a Hungarian patient
Authors: Szpisjak László , Salamon András , Németh Viola L. , Szépfalusi Noémi , Maróti Zoltán , Kalmár Tibor , Zimmermann Aliz , Zádori Dénes , Klivényi Péter
Published: February 2023

Spinocerebellar ataxia type 48 (SCA48) is an autosomal dominantly inherited disease characterized by gait and limb ataxia, cerebellar dysarthria, cognitive impairment, psychiatric abnormalities and variable types of movement disorders. To date, more than 30 STUB1 gene (NM_005861.4) mutations have been described in the genetic background of SCA48. The aim of this short report was to demonstrate the first Hungarian SCA48 patient caused by a novel STUB1 missense mutation (c.788G>C, p.Arg263Pro). The characteristics of detailed neurological phenotype, brain MRI and genetic assessment are presented and compared to previously published cases. The most important neurological findings of the patient were gait ataxia, dysarthria, cognitive decline and psychiatric problems including depression, anxiety and mild impulsivity. The brain MRI demonstrated cerebellar atrophy with posterolateral predominance and frontal lobe cortical atrophy. Clinical exome sequencing examination identified the above-mentioned missense variant located in the significant ubiquitinase domain of the CHIP protein. In this paper the first Hungarian SCA48 patient was described with characteristic neuropsychiatric signs and brain MRI abnormalities, due to a novel STUB1 gene missense mutation.
Approach to formation of network route metric
Authors: Баглюк С.И. , Жуков Д.С. , Абраменков В.В.
Published: February 2023

Рассмотрен подход к назначению величин метрик альтернативных сетевых маршрутов информационно-вычислительных сетей. Он основан на анализе статистических данных о количестве утерянных пакетов по всем альтернативным маршрутам в течение определенного временного интервала, выявлении законов распределения количества утерянных пакетов на этом интервале для каждого маршрута и формулировании вывода о значении сопоставляемой каждому маршруту метрики.

An approach to the assignment of metric values of alternative network routes of information and computing networks is considered. It is based on the analysis of statistical data on the number of lost network packets passing through all alternative routes during a certain time interval, the identification of the laws of the distribution of lost network packets in this interval for each route and the formulation of the value of the metric associated with each route.
Logic model for radiation degradation of microprocessor
Authors: Приходько Д.И.
Published: February 2023

Рассматривается логическая модель деградации кристалла вычислительной системы, отличием которой от физической модели является не факт физического прохождения процесса деградации, а возможность исполнения аппаратной части вычислительной системы программного обеспечения. Приведены универсальные характеристики логической модели и схожей по свойствам биологической модели вычислительной системы.

Within the framework of this article, the authors consider a logical model of the degradation of a crystal of a computing system. At the same time, first of all, the primary difference from the physical model of consideration is the fact of consideration not as much as the physical passage of the degradation process as the possibility of executing the hardware of the software computer system, since this is the main purpose of the hardware. A brief analysis is also given, with the help of which it was possible to obtain universal characteristics of a logical model from a similar biological model of a computing system.
Reconfiguration of the on-board complex of a mobile object based on modeling of variants of its structural degradation
Authors: Захаров И.В. , Терехов В.Г. , Соколовский А.Н. , Зыкова С.С.
Published: February 2023

Решение задач применения бортовых вычислительных комплексов подвижных объектов в условиях влияния неблагоприятных факторов различного происхождения требует гибкого управления режимами работы. Предлагаемый способ функционально-параметрического конфигурирования бортовых вычислительных комплексов подвижных объектов основан на оперативном управлении составом выполняемых задач и параметрами функционирования элементов бортовых вычислительных комплексов на основе анализа ресурса системы, условий функционирования и прогнозирования ее состояния.

Solving the problems of using on-board computing systems of mobile objects under the influence of adverse factors of various origins requires flexible control of operating modes. The proposed method of functional parametric configuration of on-board computing complexes of mobile objects is based on operational management of the composition of tasks performed and the parameters of the functioning of the elements of on-board computing complexes based on the analysis of the system resource, operating conditions and forecasting of its condition.
Smart composites — The new era in smart dentistry
Authors: Chaudhary Yasmeen S. , Gade Vandana J. , Raut Ambar W. , Umale Kalyani G. , Chaware Priyanka A. , Tugnayat Shweta R.
Published: February 2023

The current dental materials were improvised to make them smarter. The use of these smart materials such as, smart ceramics, smart composites, amorphous calcium phosphate releasing pit and fissure sealants, compomers, resin-modified glass ionomer, etc. and other materials such as smart impression material, orthodontic shape memory alloys, smart suture, smart burs, etc. Has revolutionized dentistry. The quest for an ideal restorative material leads to the discovery of a newer generation of materials in dentistry which is called as smart materials. These materials are called smart as they can be altered in a controlled fashion by stimulus such as stress, temperature, pH, moisture, electric or magnetic field. These smart materials hold future in terms of improved efficiency and mark the beginning of a new generation or era in Smart dentistry. The objective of this review article is to review about smart materials and its classification, dental composite resin and its historical background, smart composites, smart monochromatic composite.
Implant exfoliation within 10 days: A case report
Authors: Ghogare Priyanka , Bele Rashmi , Puri Sneha , Fatema Mahvash
Published: February 2023

Implant failure can be because of many reasons, it is difficult to determine the exact cause of the implant failure, especially when there are many factors contributing.

This case report reviews the case in which implant failure occurred. A female patient of 34 years came with the complaint of edentulous space in the region of 11. An implant was placed which got exfoliated on 10th day.

In this case Norris Implant 3.75 /8 was placed in the region of 11. 6 months back extraction was done with respect to 11 but after 6 months the bone formation was not adequate. The same region was having buccal cortical plate defect. An implant planning was done.

During implant placement we came to know that buccal cortical plate defect was large, as there was insufficient bone so threads of implant were exposed so Osseo graft (periocol) and collagen membrane was placed for additional bone support.

This case highlights the unusual implant failure that occurred because of the inappropriate analyzing of the bone defect and inaccurate planning of the implant.
A comparative study of OAE (OTO acoustic emission) and BERA (brainstem evoked response audiometry) / ASSR (auditory steady state response) as a screening of hearing loss among the children (<12 years of age) for hearing assessment in ENT OPD
Authors: Chawda Udit , Chaudhari Monika , Meena Manoj Kumar , Jha Sushil
Published: February 2023

Normal speech and language development depend upon a child’s ability to hear spoken language. The most important period for language and speech development is generally regarded as the first 3 years of life. Pediatric hearing loss is a major concern in India due to high incidence of hearing loss in this age, high birth rate, lack of facilities and awareness for early diagnosis. Therefore, early detection and early identification of hearing loss is very important.

The study was carried out in ENT Department, Sir T Hospital, Bhavnagar. A total of 100 children <12 years of age with hearing loss who were screened with OAE (OTO acoustic emission) and BERA (brainstem evoked response audiometry).

Among 100 children (<12 years of age), majority of the cases were in age group of 6 to 12 yrs. Male patients are predominantly affected than other patients.

The earlier intervention, better were results. It is important to have more awareness programs focusing on importance of early hearing screening in children. This current study indicated the importance of screening for hearing loss among children.
Comparision of effectiveness of topical acetic acid instillation with topical antibiotics in madical management of tubotympanic chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM)
Authors: Chawda Udit , Mehta Jasmin , Jha Sushil , Goyal Paridhi
Published: February 2023

Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media (CSOM) is typically a persistent disease, insidious in onset, often capable of causing irreversible sequel and severe destruction that clinically manifests with discharge and deafness. CSOM is a major health problem in developing countries causing serious local damage and life-threatening complications. In developing countries, it accounts for 60-80% of middle ear diseases. Its incidence to some extent depends on racial and socioeconomic factors.

The study was carried out in ENT Department, Sir T Hospital, Bhavnagar.

A total of 200 patients having complain of ear discharge were randomly distributed in two groups. In one group (group A) patients were treated with topical acetic acid ear drops and in other (group B) patients were treated with topical antibiotics ear drops. Among 200 patient’s majority of the cases were in age group of 18 to 30 yrs. Male patients are predominantly affected than other patients.

The study was prospective and observational based on symptomatic relief of problems caused by the pathogens in CSOM by removing or killing the related pathogens and making the ear dry.
Progression of myopia in school-aged children after COVID-19 home confinement: A systematic review
Authors: Masihuzzaman Md , Kunwar Smita , Bhardwaj Gaurav Kumar
Published: February 2023

The systematic review attempts to examine all the data concerning digital screen use's influence on myopia development in a COVID-19 epidemic.

: The literature was searched on PubMed and Science Direct from December 2019 to September 2022. Using the Preferred Reporting Item for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) criteria, a total of 12 research papers were chosen for thorough evaluation after the exclusion criteria. Spherical equivalent refraction and axial length were outcomes of myopia progression. Time spent using digital devices and time spent exercising outside were examined as factors.

Greater stress, increased use of electronic gadgets like laptops, tablets, and cell phones, as well as less time spent outside, have all been linked to an increase in the prevalence of myopia. Additionally, we discovered that the COVID-19 pandemic's commencement significantly changed children's behaviors since there was a switch from in-person instruction to online learning and a decline in outdoor activities because of home quarantine.

: In children who participated in remote learning during the COVID-19 lockdown, increased reliance on digital devices for online classes has either caused or worsened visual disturbances like the rapid progression of myopia, symptoms of dry eye and visual fatigue, and vergence and accommodation disturbances. The outcomes of this methodical study show that myopia development is significantly impacted using digital screens during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Optical biopsy – Optical coherence tomography guided excision of ocular surface squamous neoplasia
Authors: Kumar Dhivya Ashok , Amar
Published: February 2023

: To report the role of optical biopsy where the preoperative spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD OCT) features were used for surgical margin clearance in ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN) excision.

In this prospectiveinterventional studypatients with clinically diagnosed OSSNundergopreoperative SD OCT and mass was excised with 3mm clearance with respect to the extent on OCT. Corneal, conjunctival margins and lamellar sclera was evaluated histopathologically.

Twelve eyes of 11 patients with mean age of 59.2 ± 12.2 were studied. Hyper reflective epithelium, increased thickness, abrupt transition of corneal epithelium and increase back shadow were the features of OSSN noted. The mean functional epithelial thickness and epithelial thickness were 137.5± 60.6µm and 58.5±10.8 µm respectively. The histopathology confirmed as squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) (n=4, 33.3%), carcinoma in situ (CIN) (n=8, 66.6%). In CIN 2 eyes were severe dysplasia and 6 were moderate dysplasia. Corneal clearance was noted as 100 %. Of 36 conjunctival margins, the positive margin noted in 6 eyes (50%). Nasal margin (n=3) and temporal (n=3) were the common margins. There was no difference in clearance between CIN (50%) or SCC (50%) on conjunctival side. Two eyes with recurrence required and revision excision subsequent topical chemotherapy

Optical biopsy by SD OCT though is an effective method for OSSN removal. Corneal margins showed better margin clearance than conjunctival.
Shock-responsive social protection and climate shocks in Latin America and the Caribbean: Lessons from COVID-19
Authors: Costella Cecilia , Diez Ana , Beazley Rodolfo , Alfonso Marian
Published: February 2023

Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) is one of the regions most exposed and vulnerable to climate-related risks, with large shocks occurring regularly. Climate change is exacerbating the frequency and variability of climate related extremes and increasing slow onset events, threatening social and economic outcomes in the region. Responding to climate change will require stronger risk management systems that include social protection. Social protection systems in LAC are relatively advanced, but they do not yet consider climate shocks. Overall, social protection systems suffer from relatively low coverage, leaving significant parts of the population vulnerable to transient and chronic poverty in the face of shocks. The large social protection responses that LAC implemented to address the impacts of COVID-19 present an opportunity to prepare for the challenges arising from increased climate-related shocks. This study investigates how non-contributory social protection (mainly income support) has been used to respond to previous climate-related shocks and to COVID-19, and what are the implications for managing climate-related shocks in the future.
Revealing Stature and Facial Proportions from Teeth: An Adjunct to Forensic Science
Authors: Revathy K , Beena V T , Mary Cherian Latha , Rao Arun , Jose Jasmine , Dilshad Banu M. V.
Published: February 2023

Background: Teeth and skull remains are often some of the evidences available that can be used reliably for identification in medicolegal cases. Determination of Stature and facial proportions from teeth dimensions have not been utilised fully in the field of forensics. This study was designed with the aim to estimate stature as well as facial proportions from teeth and head measurements. Objectives: To correlate height of an individual to combined mesiodistal width (CMDW) of maxillary anterior teeth and head circumference and to correlate the facial height and facial width to the cervicoincisal and mesiodistal dimensions of maxillary central incisor. Methodology: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted among 1000 patients of age group 18–30 years of Kerala origin by birth and domicile who fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Study variables included length and width of the face, combined mesiodistal (MD) width of maxillary anterior teeth, mesiodistal and cervicoincisal dimension of maxillary central incisor, circumference of the head and height of the individual. The results were statistically analysed using Karl Pearson’s correlation coefficient. Results: Correlation between height and head circumference, height and combined mesiodistal width of maxillary anterior teeth, width of face to mesio-distal width of maxillary central incisor showed significant correlation with p value <0.05, but the correlation coefficients were very weak. But while correlating facial length to cervicoincisal length of maxillary central incisor the values obtained were not statistically significant.
Rationalism and Relativism: An Essay on John Rawls and Michael Oakeshott
Authors: Wendland Aaron James
Published: February 2023

This essay creates an unlikely conversation between two 20th century thinkers: John Rawls and Michael Oakeshott. I say “unlikely” because apart from a few scant remarks in the writing of each the two did not directly engage each other. The essay begins by examining Oakeshott’s explication of “The Rationalist” and her tradition in the history of political thought. Specifically, the essay shows that rationalism in politics involves the belief that reason is an infallible guide to political activity and that the Rationalist seeks certainty and perfection in political affairs. The essay goes on to tease out the rationalistic tendencies in Rawls’ A Theory of Justice, and then it analyzes Oakeshott’s critique of rationalism and applies these criticisms to Rawls. Briefly, Oakeshott marks a distinction between technical and practical knowledge, and he argues that the principles that make up technical manuals like A Theory of Justice are abridgments of and no substitute for the understanding we gain through our practical experience and our participation in a given political tradition. While explaining Oakeshott’s critique of rationalism and Rawls, the essay indicates some of the relativistic proclivities in Oakeshott’s appeal to political practices and traditions, and then it entertains objections to Oakeshott that a Rawlsian might offer. Here Rawls’ commitment to the liberal tradition and the relativity implicit in his explanations of “reflective equilibrium” and “reasonableness” are examined and Rawls’ similarities to Oakeshott are noted. Ultimately, this essay argues that the strength of Rawls’ work lay not in the fact that his principles of justice are established by rational agents in an original position, but in the fact that they are principles that emerge from and cohere with ideas deeply rooted in the Western tradition itself.
The Category of the Otherness in Richard Rorty’s Philosophy: The Principles and Mechanisms of the Differentiation
Authors: Meita Kseniia
Published: February 2023

This paper is an attempt to analyze Richard Rorty’s interpretation of the category of the Otherness in the context of the global project of liberal utopia – the society of the future, based on non-violence. The evolution of the understanding of the notion of the Otherness is reviewed in the context of the concepts of American pragmatist and French post-structuralist social anthropological practices, where the reasons for the alienation of particular individuals are explained on the mythological and linguistic background, and the people are solidarized shaping up the generalized other. The Other to a particular culture connects in him/herself the functions of the scapegoat and the messiah at the same time. In Rortian approach, a variety of reasons for an individual’s marginalization on class, religion, gender, and behavioral basis is analyzed. Moreover, the method of sentimental education is promoted in developing the children’s emotional intelligence and raising the generations on the values of total inclusivity and empathy apart from general erudition, with the help of fiction reading. The Kantian moral imperative is criticized for the mechanical and legalist character. So, the moral principles based on a fellowship are offered instead. This fellowship should be based rather on the personal identity with a particular nation, class, or gender than on the birthright. The advantages and drawbacks of radical pluralism, the understanding of relative values of all ways of life, and its difference from postmodern cultural relativism are also reviewed. The result of the study reveals the secondary role of the people’s differences in their consolidation in Richard Rorty’s liberal utopia if they have in common the basic principle of intolerance to violence, whether it is direct physical violence or the passive-aggressive abuse in humiliation.
The Contribution of Institute of Philosophy of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Towards the Development of Philosophy and Religious Studies in the National University of “Kyiv-Mohyla Academy”
Authors: Tkachuk Maryna
Published: February 2023

The article for the first time in the scientific literature highlights the place and role of the Institute of Philosophy of H. S. Skovoroda of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine in the creation and development of the Department of Philosophy and Religious Studies of the National University of “Kyiv-Mohyla Academy” (NaUKMA), established 1992. Focusing on important role of the scientists of the Institute of Philosophy in the actualization of the intellectual heritage and institutional memory of the glorious Kyiv-Mohyla Academy (KMA, 1615‒1817), the article stresses the direct involvement of scientists and philosophers of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine in the revival of the Kyiv-Mohyla Academy as a modern university, started 30 years ago by a group of Ukrainian scientists and educators headed by Vyacheslav Briukhovetskyi, and training of the first bachelors and masters of philosophy in Ukraine. Revealing the main goal of the Department of Philosophy and Religious Studies of NaUKMA – the formation of a new generation of Ukrainian philosophers whose professional level meets modern Western standards, the author focuses attention on the model of philosophical education formed in cooperation with scientists of the Institute of Philosophy, innovative for the post-Soviet era. This model is based on a combination of general humanitarian and professional training, educational process and scientific studies, students’ in-depth knowledge of both history as well as modern directions and trends of philosophical thought, primary sources on classical and modern philosophy, proper mastery of foreign languages with the aim of directly studying the original heritage of the worldwide and Ukrainian philosophical thought, as well as the latest research literature. Outlining the achievements of the leading specialists of the Institute in the field of teaching and implementation of philosophical educational programs of NaUKMA, the author proves that their long-term cooperation with the university has become not only one of the fundamental foundations of the NaUKMA’s philosophical school, but also a powerful stimulus for professional development and creative self-realization of its Institute colleagues.
Hryhorii Skovoroda and Western European Philosophy: Between the Banks of Mysticism and Rationalism
Authors: Lyuty Taras
Published: February 2023

The main purpose of this article is to establish links between the teachings of Hryhorii Skovoroda and the leading trends in Western philosophy of his time. Since the anticipated influences, similarities and parallels are mostly implicit, the main purpose of the study is to identify common motives for thinking, rather than direct dependence. Nevertheless, the biggest difficulty of this analysis is that it is not easy to enroll a Ukrainian philosopher in any modern intellectual movement. That is why his place in philosophy is somewhere at the crossroads between mystical and rationalist backgrounds. Initially, the author compares the views of German mystics with the concepts of Skovoroda. But the way of thinking of Skovoroda and the teachings of Meister Eckhart and Jacob Böhme – two prominent agents of this kind of mysticism – are analyzed in more detail. Mystics influenced the emergence of European Freemasonry, and this movement was established in Ukraine at Skovoroda’s period. However, it is not clear whether Skovoroda himself accepted these ideas. Further focus of the inquiry is on the Enlightenment. The question is: can Skovoroda’s philosophy be considered as Enlightenment thought? To find an answer to this question, two dissimilar Western representatives of this era, Immanuel Kant, and Jean-Jacques Rousseau, were chosen for comparison with Skovoroda. Finally, the philosophy of Søren Kierkegaard shows the prospects for the development of Skovoroda’s views in later European thought. In keeping with the trends of his time, in which there was room for opposing intellectual pursuits, Skovoroda does not avoid mystical and rational principles. Where logicalrational language seemed to him unsuitable and powerless, he resorted to symbolism, not bypassing the artistic and literary means of expression. The philosopher does not betray the mind for the sake of the irrational. But rationalism does not fundamentally determine Skovoroda’s way of thinking. He was skeptical about the spread of science and general education. According to him, knowing about the world is still not enough for social harmony, while education begins with self-knowledge. Visible nature only hints at hidden truth. At the same time, enlightening reasoning cannot be fully rejected as an aspect of Skovoroda’s teaching. Nevertheless, instead of an absolute project of the mind, he offers an individual project, when knowledge of the man and the universe correlates with each other. And this can be achieved only through the discovery of one’s own personality.
Pain as a concept in philosophy
Authors: Tsyba Viacheslav
Published: February 2023

Like any other sensation, pain does not include criteria for verifying its credibility. To construe it by the language of physical science means to ignore many other substantial constraints complicating knowledge of pain. Such kind of description model would be reductive and incomplete regarding the full range of other sense impressions. Moreover, individual self-reports about someone’s pain sensations have to base on the noncontradictory concepts, and concept networks, with which they become accessible for understanding by those who do not actually feel pain. If structured by physicalist-like patterns, such a quantification of pains is open to serious gaps in the practices of medical diagnosis. Analyses of traumatic nonsomatic aches demonstrate that the tenets of semantics are not pretty good to determine the prolonged pain experience to be comprehended. Clarifying pains sheds light on the opposition between representationist and reductionist approaches to pain explanation. The starting point in this long way is to suppose a distinction between transitive and intransitive sensations, on the one hand, and between transitive and intransitive psychological verbs, on the other hand. It has principal importance for clarification and a further solution the problem of pain recognition. The backbone of this method, which is limited to a series of empirical exceptions as well, is to combine linguistic pragmatics (Ludwig Wittgenstein) with a sort of materialism (John Smart) and criticism of the hardcore physicalism from a functional standpoint (Hillary Putnam). What pain is not restricted to awareness of pain only but implies a state of mind’s activity as well, stems from the well-known Cartesian argument of dreaming. This article considers the ambiguity of pain, which makes it impossible to be understood it as the simplest feeling we have. Theoretic reconstruction the above-mentioned interpretations allows finding the perspective, from which pain might be described in terms of a complex concept covering a wide range of con-conceptual experiences. This gives reason to conclude that propositions about pain demonstrate that the internal relation in them between conceptual and non-conceptual affirms its irreversibility.
Polish archives register concerning hetman Petro Sahaidachny and the Khotyn war of 1621
Authors: Mytsyk Rev. Yurii
Published: February 2023

The publication presents 31 documents (mainly in the form of registries) from archives in Poland (Warsaw, Wroclaw, Krakow) relating to the history of the Khotyn War and Hetman Petro Konashevych-Sahaidachny, the patron of the Kyiv-Mohyla Academy. The 400th anniversary of the latter was completed or will be completed in 2021–2022. Almost all of these documents have not been published in scientific circulation. These documents are briefly analyzed in the accompanying text, and unknown data regarding the biography of Sahaidachny and the course of the Khotyn War are provided.
The image of the “ideal king” in the instructions to ambassadors of Ruthenian Voivodeship 1669–1673
Authors: Znak Marta
Published: February 2023

The attitude of aristocratic society to its monarch is an integral part of political culture. The relationship between the privileged section of the population and the king was formed as a result of the political activity of the former. The article analyzes the attitude of the nobility of the three Sejmiks of the Ruthenian Voivodeship toward the king of Michael I. The source for this study was the formulas of respect contained in the instructions to the ambassadors to the Diet (Sejm) of 1669-1673. Mentioning and thanking the king was a mandatory part of them. It was prescribed in the introductory clause, after indicating the time and place of the parliamentary meeting and the names of the elected ambassadors. In the aristocratic society of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, two opinions about the identity of the monarch were formed. The first is about the “ideal king”, which is characteristic of the linguistic and written tradition. The second opinion was formed on the relations of the politically active elite with a particular monarch. The documents resulting from the activities of the Sejmiks reflect the image of the “ideal king”. According to the nobility, the exemplary ruler was to be a “father” to his citizens and a brave warrior and defender of his Motherland. The myth of “King Piast” had a great influence. According to this myth, there was once a monarch who possessed all the best features of an early modern ruler. An important feature was the local origin of the future representative of the throne. King John II Casimir destroyed the image of the ideal monarch because he abdicated. King Michael I came from the Commonwealth. He was well acquainted with the traditions and policies of this state. In the case of King Michael, I, the Knights of the Sejmiks tried to maintain the image of a brave warrior, although he didn’t have much skill and didn’t win any military victories. In the end, the monarch didn’t overpower his father’s duty to reconcile the divided society.
The image of “socialist cities” in Kharkiv and Zaporizhzhia in guidebooks in the second half of XX – early XXI centuries
Authors: Liubavskyi Roman
Published: February 2023

The article analyzes the image of the “socialist cities” of Kharkiv (“New Kharkiv”) and Zaporizhzhia (“Sixth Village”) on the pages of city guidebooks in the second half of XX – early XXI centuries. It is concluded that the images of “socialist cities” in Kharkiv and Zaporizhzhia have a similar set of markers. Both are built next to the iconic industrial enterprises (KhTP, DniproHES), in accordance with the new principles of urban planning. Life in these cities contributed to the establishment of socialist life of workers. Technical parameters of “New Kharkiv” and “Sixth Village” are also similar: residential areas with developed social infrastructure (schools, hospitals, clubs, etc.), a lot of greenery.During the 1950s – 1980s, the image of the “socialist city” in the cultural landscape of Kharkiv was dynamic and positive. “New Kharkiv” was an independent tourist attraction, the final destination of one of the main tourist routes in the city. Its space was self-sufficient. The activities of KhTP ensured the stability of the meaning of life and the language of description of the “socialist city”. The economic crisis led to the collapse of the social structure of the plant, the meaning of existence of the “social city” blurred, from the space of stay (according to K. Lynch) it transformed into the space of transit. In the 1990s, the functional and ideological significance of “New Kharkiv” was lost. The authors of guidebooks focused their attention primarily on the central areas of the city. This led to its symbolic oblivion and “sealing”. Self-centeredness did not allow the “socialist city” to be inscribed in the symbolic landscape of Kharkiv in the first two decades of independence.On the pages of guidebooks, the “socialist city” of Zaporizhzhia was an exemplary, but transit space. A typical city sightseeing route started from DniproHES and continued along the central avenue to the railway station. Metaphors to describe the “socialist city” (“city of workers’”, “garden city”, etc.) became the basis for the practice of self-representation of Zaporizhzhia. It should be noted that the proper name of the “socialist city” – “Sixth Village” appeared on the pages of guidebooks only during the years of independence of Ukraine. The image of exemplary space, formed on the pages of guidebooks, was used by local authorities as a symbol of successful development of the city. “Socialist city” became a space of residence, and the conversation about it in public discourse began to take place in the discourse of preservation of historical and cultural heritage.
How many churches burned in the Kyiv fire of 1017?
Authors: Aristov Vadym , Degtiarenko Maryna
Published: February 2023

The article examines sources’ reports of a large-scale fire in Kyiv in 1017. The two parallel texts are: the German Latin chronicle by Thietmar of Merseburg (composed in 1018) and the Primary Chronicle of Rus (composed in around 1116), which relied on early Kyivan annals. Thietmar wrote about the fire that damaged the “monasterium sancte Sophiae”. The Primary Chronicle reported of the fire of one church or several churches without specifying them. The main focus of the article is on the textual analysis of two versions of the short account of the event in the copies of the Primary Chronicle. One of the versions implies that it was the fire of one church only. According to another version there were many churches that suffered from the fire. Remarkably, the textual difference between the variants is only two letters – the plural form ending of the verb (“погорѣша цр҃кви” versus “погорѣ цр҃кви”). The dilemma of determining the original variant correlates with the ambiguity of Thietmar’s words, which could denote the fire of either one building or several. The chronicler used the word “monasterium” which could denote both “monastery” (as a complex of church buildings) and “cathedral”. The article provides a comprehensive textual and philological analysis of the variant readings of the Primary Chronicle. At the same time, the authors did not resort to hypothetical reconstructions of the text but proceeded from those readings that are attested by the preserved manuscripts. The analysis revealed the advantages and disadvantages of two textual scenarios, which provided for the originality of one or another version of the fire of 1017. Based on the available copies of the Primary Chronicle, it appeared impossible to unambiguously choose between the variants. This led to modeling two historical scenarios of the event. However, as it was demonstrated recently, the German chronicler meant the Tithe Church (possibly, with a surrounding buildings) by St. Sophia monastery or cathedral. The palace complex centered around the first stone church of Kyiv included other buildings used for ecclesiastical needs. This can explain the ambiguous terminology of the Kyivan and German chronicles. Therefore, as it turned out, regardless of the textual choice, both competing readings can be interpreted in the same sense. Thietmar and the Primary Chronicle unanimously reported about the fire of the Tithe Church.
The private book collection of Basilian proto-hegumen Anthonius Kotsak in 1781
Authors: Tupytsia Mykhailo
Published: February 2023

The Mukachevo uniate eparchy in the XVIII century experienced extensive transformations in administrative and cultural evolution. The assertion here the post-Trent cultural and intellectual trends actively reflect the preferences of the clerical elite. The article analyzes the thematic repertoire of the private book collection of Anthonius Kotsak – proto-hegumen of Basilian monasteries, doctor of dogmatic theology, teacher and intellectual of the Mukachevo eparchy of the second half of the XVIII century. Before analyzing the book collection, the main conditions that influenced the formation of the eparchy’s clergy in general and Anthonius Kotsak, in particular, are considered. Statistical data collected during archival survay and its comparison with the old books preserved so far allowed the analysis of quantitative indicators of the book collection. The Interdisciplinary approach made possible the analysis of the thematic repertoire of the private book collection and made it possible to determine the direction of Anthonius Kotsak’s reading preferences. The monk’s book collection includes theological, philosophical, historical, philological, preaching, geographical and other works that fully correspond to the scholastic discourse of Jesuit education. The vast majority of texts are in Latin, but there are a few books in Hungarian. The presence of the works of the Eastern Fathers of the Church and the absence of Western ones clearly articulate the monk’s Eastern Christian Basilian piety. Nevertheless, Anthonius Kotsak sought to remain in the discourse of modern for thar times Western theology. The practical need for a multi-confessional region explains an essential emphasis in the repertoire of theological literature in its anti-Protestant orientation. The main principle in the selection of books of Anthonius Kotsak was determined by his professional activity. The expansion of research in the discourse of cultural history and book culture of the Mukachevo eparchy contributes to deeper understanding of the specifics of the diocese and its involvement in the cultural discourse of early modern Europe.
THE STUDY OF HOMOGENEOUS AND HETEROGENEOUS SENSITIZED CRYSTALS OF CADMIUM SULFIDE. PART V. INHOMOGENEOUS ALLOYING
Authors: Kulikov S. S. , Brytavskyi Ye. V. , Borshchak V. A. , Zatovskaya N. P. , Kutalova M. I. , Karakis Y. N.
Published: February 2023

The technology of CdS semiconductor crystals processing in the corona discharge is developed. It is established that as a result of this exposure, the samples acquire alternating spectral sensitivity. The observed phenomenon is explained by the emergence of a saddle of the potential barrier in the surface region of the element, the unusual properties which can allow the creation of a new type of device.
GAS SENSITIVITY OF SOME NANOPARTICLES ENSEMBLES IN POROUS GLASS
Authors: Doycho I. K. , Filevska L. M. , Grinevych V. S.
Published: February 2023

The importance of substances’ surface development suitable for sensor technology by dispersing them to the level of nanoparticles’ ensemble within a certain matrix has been demonstrated. It has been proven that the best matrix for the formation of the specified ensemble of nanoparticles is porous silicate glass. Methods of formation of ensembles of nanoparticles of some compounds in porous glass are briefly considered. The applicability of the mentioned systems for sensors is demonstrated by the example of their luminescent response sensitivity to the presence of ammonia or HCl vapours in the environment.
OPTIMIZED RELATIVISTIC MANY-BODY PERTURBATION THEORY IN CALCULATIONS OF ATOMIC SPECTRAL AND RADIATION CHARACTERISTICS: Eu ATOM
Authors: Ternovsky V. B.
Published: February 2023

The new formalism of the relativistic gauge-invariant perturbation theory (RMBPT-ODF) with the optimized Dirac-Fock approximation and a generalized energy approach is applied to the study of energy, radiation, and spectroscopic characteristics of a group of heavy atomic systems, in particular, energy levels and transition probabilities and oscillator strengths of the transitions 4f7(8S)6s2 8S7/2 4f7(8S)6s6p 8P5/2,7.2,9.2, 4f7(8S)6s7p 8P5/2,7\2, 4f7(8S)6s8p 8P9/2,7\2 in spectrum of the europium atom Eu I. It is shown that the required formalism, in comparison with the standard non-optimized relativistic Hartree-Fock and Dirac-Fock methods, allows obtaining more accurate data both on energies and amplitudes and probabilities of radiative transitions, which is due to the use of the optimized zero ODF approximation, a fairly complete and effective account of complex many-body exchange-correlation effects. The contribution due to the polarization of the core reaches 30% of the value of the oscillator strength; the value of the calibration-invariant contribution to the radiation width is fractions of a percent, in contrast to all existing methods of modern atomic spectroscopy, for which the contribution reaches 5-50%.
THEORETICAL STUDY OF Rydberg ALKALI ATOMIC SYSTEMS in a Black-body radiation field: Relativistic APPROACH
Authors: Kuznetsova A. A. , Sandler A.
Published: February 2023

We present the results of studying the characteristics of Rydberg alkali atomic systems in a black-body (BBR; thermal) radiation field, in particular, BBR induced Stark shift coefficient k. As theoretical approach the combined generalized relativistic energy approach and relativistic many-body perturbation theory (PT) with ab initio Dirac zeroth approximation is applied. Application of theory to computing the spectral parameters of studied atomic systems have demonstrated physically reasonable agreement between the theoretical and experimental data. carefully. It should be noted that our method takes carefully into account such important factors as the implementation of a gauge invariance principle when calculating the corresponding matrix elements, the correct degree of consideration of complex exchange-correlation effects (primarily, the effect of polarization of the core), and also generates a fairly optimal one-quasiparticle representation in within the limits of many-body relativistic PT with ab initio zeroth Dirac-Fock (Kohn-Sham) approximation. In any case, the formalism developed in this work, as it follows from the given results, can be used for precise calculations of the Stark shift coefficient k, the BBR shift parameter β, and other parameters.
THEORETICAL STUDYING SPECTRAL CHARACTERISTICS OF Tm ATOM WITHIN OPTIMIZED RELATIVISTIC MANY-BODY THEORY
Authors: Svinarenko A. A. , Nesterenko A. A.
Published: February 2023

Theoretical studying Rydberg spectrum of complex lanthanide atom of Tm has been performed within the relativistic many-body perturbation theory and generalized relativistic energy approach. The zeroth approximation of the relativistic perturbation theory is provided by the optimized Dirac-Kohn-Sham-Breit ones. Optimization has been fulfilled by means of introduction of the special gauge parameter to the Fock and Kohn-Sham exchange potentials and further minimization of the gauge-non-invariant contributions into radiation width of atomic levels with using relativistic orbital sets, generated by the corresponding zeroth approximation Hamiltonian. The calculated energies and widths of autoionization resonant states 4f--1j 6s(J12)nsnp[J] of the Tm atom with n=25-35 are presented and compared with known theoretical results, received within other approaches. Two main types of the Rydberg autoionization resonances decay, namely, the classic Beutler-Fano decay channel and a new Ivanov et al reorientation-type decay channel ar4e studied. It is noted that, for example, for autoionization resonant states with the considered values of n, the decay of resonances occurs along both channels, and it is extremely difficult to understand a priori which of them is dominant.