bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Rapid de novo discovery of peptidomimetic affinity reagents for human angiotensin converting enzyme 2
Authors: Zhang Genwei , Brown Joseph S. , Quartararo Anthony J. , Li Chengxi , Tan Xuyu , Hanna Stephanie , Antilla Sarah , Cowfer Amanda E. , Loas Andrei , Pentelute Bradley L.
Published: January 2022

Rapid discovery and development of serum-stable, selective, and high affinity peptide-based binders to protein targets are challenging. Angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) has recently been identified as a cardiovascular disease biomarker and the primary receptor utilized by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. In this study, we report the discovery of high affinity peptidomimetic binders to ACE2 via affinity selection-mass spectrometry (AS-MS). Multiple high affinity ACE2-binding peptides (ABP) were identified by selection from canonical and noncanonical peptidomimetic libraries containing 200 million members (dissociation constant, KD = 19–123 nM). The most potent noncanonical ACE2 peptide binder, ABP N1 (KD = 19 nM), showed enhanced serum stability in comparison with the most potent canonical binder, ABP C7 (KD = 26 nM). Picomolar to low nanomolar ACE2 concentrations in human serum were detected selectively using ABP N1 in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The discovery of serum-stable noncanonical peptidomimetics like ABP N1 from a single-pass selection demonstrates the utility of advanced AS-MS for accelerated development of affinity reagents to protein targets.
Bioactive PCL microspheres with enhanced biocompatibility and collagen production for functional hyaluronic acid dermal fillers
Authors: Heo Yun , Shin Sang-Woo , Kim Da-Seul , Lee Semi , Park So-Yeon , Baek Seung-Woon , Lee Jun-Kyu , Kim Jun Hyuk , Han Dong Keun
Published: January 2022

Polymeric microspheres containing magnesium hydroxide (MH) and a bioactive agent (BA), such as apocynin (APO) and astaxanthin (ATX), have been prepared as functional dermal fillers with enhanced physicochemical and biological performance.
Platinum complexes as inhibitors of DNA repair protein Ku70 and topoisomerase IIα in cancer cells
Authors: Zhang Hongmei , Wang Ying , Wang Yanqing , Han Qianqian , Yan Honghao , Yang Tao , Guo Zijian , Wang Xiaoyong
Published: January 2022

Ku70 and Topo IIα are hopeful targets of anticancer drugs. Platinum complex OPPC shows high antiproliferative activity towards cancer cells, which is associated with the damage to DNA, downregulation of Ku70, and inhibition of Topo IIα.
Simple conversion of trisodium phosphide, Na3P, into silyl- and cyanophosphides and the structure of a terminal silver phosphide
Authors: Le Corre Grégoire , Grützmacher Hansjörg
Published: January 2022

A simple one-pot procedure allows us to prepare a range of silyl phosphides, of which [P(SiPh3)2]− is especially useful for a variety of functional organo phosphorus compounds.
A nanocarrier pesticide delivery system with promising benefits in the case of dinotefuran: strikingly enhanced bioactivity and reduced pesticide residue
Authors: Jiang Qinhong , Xie Yonghui , Peng Min , Wang Zhijiang , Li Tianjiao , Yin Meizhen , Shen Jie , Yan Shuo
Published: January 2022

SPc can be conjugated with dinotefuran through hydrogen bonding and van der Waals forces, which reduce particle size, increase plant uptake and bioactivity, and decrease residue. The dinotefuran/SPc complex is relatively safe to predators and plants.
Silver@silica nanopollen modified membranes for wastewater treatment in membrane bioreactors: limited adverse effects on microorganisms and compelling antifouling properties
Authors: Wang Xueye , Guo Yu , Wang Tianlin , Zhang Xingran
Published: January 2022

Decoration of Ag@Snp on membranes had compelling antibiofouling behaviours without compromising effluent quality, activated sludge activity and microbial community diversity.
Transition metal ion-coordinated porous organic polymer to enhance the peroxidase mimic activity for detection of ascorbic acid and dopamine
Authors: Marieeswaran Muppidathi , Panneerselvam Perumal
Published: January 2022

Porous organic polymers (POPs) have been fabricated by mechanochemical method with intriguing physicochemical properties, which can be used in a wide range of emerging applications.
Conjugated polyelectrolyte-based ternary exciton funnels via liposome scaffolds
Authors: Palmer Jack , Segura Carmen J. , Matsushima Levi , Abrams Benjamin , Lee Hsiau-Wei , Ayzner Alexander L.
Published: January 2022

We used a vesicle scaffold to form a ternary, quasi-panchromatic funnel for electronic excited states oriented from the outer surface towards the membrane. We did so via electronic energy transfer (EET) from two conjugated polyelectrolytes to a phthalocyanine.
Metal nanowires grown in situ on polymeric fibres for electronic textiles
Authors: Halder Oindrila , Layani-Tzadka Muriel E. , Ziv Sharabani Shiran , Markovich Gil , Sitt Amit
Published: January 2022

Thin polymer fibres and fabrics were transformed into conductive by the in-situ growth of a thin, optically transparent gold-silver nanowire mesh on the fibres' surface, and can be significantly stretched without losing their conductivity.
NMR probe of suppressed bulk conductivity in the topological insulator Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3
Authors: Park Jun Kue , Kang Do Hoon , Park Sung Kyun , Lee Jae Sang
Published: January 2022

We investigated insulating behaviors in the bulk of the topological insulator Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3 varying in particle size using 125Te NMR spectroscopy, within the framework of a theoretical relaxation model of the Dirac electron system.
NosZ gene cloning, reduction performance and structure of Pseudomonas citronellolis WXP-4 nitrous oxide reductase
Authors: Hu Liyong , Wang Xiaoping , Chen Cong , Chen Jianmeng , Wang Zeyu , Chen Jun , Hrynshpan Dzmitry , Savitskaya Tatsiana
Published: January 2022

Nitrous oxide reductase (N2OR) is the only known enzyme that can reduce the powerful greenhouse gas nitrous oxide (N2O) to harmless nitrogen at the final step of bacterial denitrification. The recombinant E. coli and wild strain WXP-4 demonstrate strong N2O reduction ability.
Bioproducts from high-protein algal biomass: an economic and environmental sustainability review and risk analysis
Authors: Quiroz-Arita Carlos , Shinde Somnath , Kim Sungwhan , Monroe Eric , George Anthe , Quinn Jason , Nagle Nick J. , Knoshaug Eric P. , Kruger Jacob S. , Dong Tao , Pienkos Philip T. , Laurens Lieve M. L. , Davis Ryan W.
Published: January 2022

High-protein algae bioproduct system boundaries for environmental sustainability risk analysis.
Highly efficient synergistic biocatalysis driven by stably loaded enzymes within hierarchically porous iron/cobalt metal–organic framework via biomimetic mineralization
Authors: Shen Hao , Shi Haimei , Yang Yi , Song Jiayi , Ding Chuanfan , Yu Shaoning
Published: January 2022

An exquisitely designed biomimetic multienzyme hybrid has been constructed by in situ encapsulating enzymes within a hierarchically porous bimetallic metal–organic framework.
Superhydrophilic edge-rich graphene for the simultaneous and disposable sensing of dopamine, ascorbic acid, and uric acid
Authors: Ma Tuotuo , Meng Jiachen , Song Qiang , Wen Dan
Published: January 2022

Superhydrophilic free-standing edge-rich graphene film (S-fs-ERG) with abundant edge-rich sites, high conductivity and hierarchical porosity was in situ fabricated for simultaneous and disposable detection of DA, AA and UA with superior performance.
Ultrapure deep-blue aggregation-induced emission and thermally activated delayed fluorescence emitters for efficient OLEDs with CIEy < 0.1 and low efficiency roll-offs
Authors: Wang Jinshan , Yang Yuguang , Jiang Cuifeng , He Meng , Yao Chuang , Zhang Jianfeng
Published: January 2022

Twisted rigid structures combined with short conjugation length building blocks provide an effective molecular design strategy for deep blue (CIEy < 0.1) aggregation-induced emission and thermally activated delayed fluorescence emitters.
Correction: Solid-state nitrogen-doped carbon nanoparticles with tunable emission prepared by a microwave-assisted method
Authors: Permatasari Fitri Aulia , Nakul Fitriyanti , Mayangsari Tirta Rona , Aimon Akfiny Hasdi , Nuryadin Bebeh Wahid , Bisri Satria Zulkarnaen , Ogi Takashi , Iskandar Ferry
Published: January 2022

Correction for ‘Solid-state nitrogen-doped carbon nanoparticles with tunable emission prepared by a microwave-assisted method’ by Fitri Aulia Permatasari et al., RSC Adv., 2021, 11, 39917–39923, DOI: 10.1039/D1RA07290K.
Correction: Bifunctional manganese oxide–silver nanocomposites anchored on graphitic mesoporous carbon to promote oxygen reduction and inhibit cathodic biofilm growth for long-term operation of microbial fuel cells fed with sewage
Authors: Khater Dena Z. , Amin R. S. , Fetohi Amani E. , El-Khatib K. M. , Mahmoud Mohamed
Published: January 2022

Correction for ‘Bifunctional manganese oxide–silver nanocomposites anchored on graphitic mesoporous carbon to promote oxygen reduction and inhibit cathodic biofilm growth for long-term operation of microbial fuel cells fed with sewage’ by Dena Z. Khater et al., Sustainable Energy Fuels, 2022, DOI: 10.1039/d1se01479j.
Cultivar differences in the operation of the photosystem II of barley leaves
Authors: Lisitsyn Eugene , Churakova Svetlana , Shchennikova Irina
Published: January 2022

Differences between nine spring barley cultivars on structural and functional parameters of PSII operation are shown. Variability of the parameters used changed from 2.2…2.5 (oxidized quinones pool and maximum photochemical efficiency) to 24.6% (performance index PIABS_total). Parameters characterizing the values of excitation energy fluxes (ABS/RC; TRo/RC; ETo/RC) varied to a small extent - 3.1...6.5%, while the lost energy (DIo/RC) much stronger - 14.6%. The efficiency of electron transport from quinine QB and the entire PSII until the PSI’s primary acceptors varied even more - 18.1 and 17.4%, respectively. The PIABS integral performance index combined cultivars into two groups only; PIABS_total index showed more clear differences in cultivars. Cv. Novichok and Fermer were significantly inferior to cv. Forward, Belgorodsky 100, Boyarin and Bionic in most of the studied parameters. However, according to the results of a cluster analysis, cv. Novichok and Forward turned out to be similar to each other, as well as cv. Fermer, Boyarin and Bionic, which separated into the same cluster. Probably, the action of PSII in cultivars of the same cluster differs only quantitative but not qualitative. Therefore, for breeding work on pyramidizing the genes controlling operation of this photosystem, it is advisable to crossing cultivars belonging to different clusters.
Application of ESCO phytosystem based on narrow-band light-emitting diodes for growing cucumbers under photoculture conditions
Authors: Apaeva Nina , Kudryashova Lubov , Manishkin Sergey
Published: January 2022

The article deals with the study of photomorphogenesis of different cucumber varieties under light culture conditions. Studies were carried out under laboratory conditions using an experimental phytosystem ESCO based on narrow-band light-emitting diodes, which is equipped with a microcontroller. The microcontroller controls the supplementary light modes. Studies were conducted to develop recommendations for selecting and controlling the spectral composition of light optimal for the life cycle of plants. The aim of our research is to study photomorphogenesis of different cucumber varieties under light-culture conditions using an experimental ESCO phytosystem based on narrow-band light-emitting diodes equipped with a microcontroller that controls the supplementary light modes. Four cucumber hybrids were used to test the ESCO phytosystem. Phytolamps were placed at the height of 1 m in the beginning, then at the height of 1.2 m. Every day we recorded the growth of shoot length, establishment of generative organs (flowers), we recorded the date of flowering and fruit formation. Conditions of humidity, nutrient and air regimes corresponded to biological requirements of growth and development of cucumber plants. Studies have shown that laying of generative organs of cucumber with additional lighting with narrow-band light emitting diodes is good. Female flowers appeared 7-14 days earlier in BV700+RV350+ BF350+FRF350 regime than in plants grown under natural light. The RV light regime had a significant effect on the increase in plant height. Determination of chlorophyll content showed its optimal amount and depended on the varietal characteristics of plants. The best supplementary light mode was BV700+RV350+ BF350+FRF350 during the cultivation of seedlings of different cucumber hybrids. Mode change all to 500 after planting in the ground.
Morphological variability, density and yield of Trifolium repens in different ecological and coenotic conditions
Authors: Demina Galina , Prokhorenko Nina , Kadyrova Luiza
Published: January 2022

White clover (Trifolium repens L.) is a valuable melliferous, pasture and a promising species for use as a medicinal raw materials. T. repens herb contains ascorbic acid, carotene, alkaloids, glycosides and other substances. Fourteen coenopopulations of T. repens were studied on the territory of the Republic of Tatarstan. The assessment of habitats of T. repens was carried out by indicator methods using the ecological scales of G. Ellenberg. The density of coenopopulations, comparative morphometric analysis and reserves of dry aboveground biomass are analyzed in this article. It was found that the soils in the subtaiga subzone are weakly acidic, fresh in terms of moisture, with a nitrogen content above average; soils in the north of the broad-leaved subzone are dry and periodically fresh, with a slightly acidic reaction and an average content of mineral nitrogen; and the soils in the south of the broad-leaved subzone are dry and periodically fresh, predominantly neutral, with a nitrogen content above average. A comparative analysis of the scoring of soil characteristics with the content of the main nutrients in the soil has been carried out. T. repens coenopopulations in the north of the broad-leaved subzone have of low density, and high biomass shoots are formed. The yield of the studied T. repens plants is from 21-178 kg of dry weight/ha. The highest yields of dry aboveground biomass of plants was observed in the northern deciduous subzone. We recommend the highest-yielding coenopopulations of T. repens for harvesting plant material.
Research of Dracocephalum palmatum S. and Dracocephalum ruyschiana L. originating from Yakutia and identification of metabolites by tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Razgonova Mayya , Okhlopkona Zhanna , Golokhvast Kirill
Published: January 2022

Dracocephalum palmatum Stephan and Dracocephalum ruyschiana L. contains a large number of target analytes, which are biologically active compounds. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) in combination with a BRUKER DALTONIKS ion trap (tandem mass spectrometry) was used to identify target analytes in extracts of D. palmatum Stephan and D. ruyschiana L., originating from Yakutia. The results of initial studies revealed the presence of 61 compounds, of which 53 were identified for the first time in genus Dracocephalum. These are flavones: Apigenin 8-C-pentoside-6-C-hexoside, Apigenin 7-sulfate; Chrysin 6-C-glucoside, Chrysin glucuronide; flavanols: Kaempferol, Dihydrokaempferol, Astragalin; flavan-3-ol (epi)Catechin, phenolic acids: Methylgallic acid; Hydroxy methoxy dimethylbenzoic acid; Ellagic acid; Caffeoylshikimic acid; Prolithospermic acid; 3,4-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid; salvianolic acid G; stilbenes pinosylvin and resveratrol; anthocyanins Petunidin, Pelargonidin-3-O-glucoside; Peonidin-3-O-glucoside; Cyanidin 3-(acetyl)hexose; perillic acid; lignans: Hinokinin, Dimethyl-secoisolariciresinol, Podophyllotoxin, carotenoids: Apocarotenal, 5,8-epoxy-alpha-carotene; etc.
The analysis of the genus Rosa L. in the flora of Dagestan
Authors: Ramazanova Bayzanat , Mallaliev Maxim , Sadykova Gulnara
Published: January 2022

The given article dwells upon the floristic composition of the wild roses in Dagestan which includes 46 species. The species composition of roses of Dagestan has not been sufficiently researched and requires a more serious and detailed approach. The aim of the given work is the inventory of the flora of the wild roses of Dagestan. Stemming from this, the following tasks are being solved: specification of the species composition and geographic dissemination of the species of the genus Rosa L. in Dagestan. In sum, the taxonomic composition of the genus Rosa in Dagestan is not homogeneous. Within it there can be definitely singled out large species characterized by wide distribution and close concordance with the diagnoses of descriptions. These are the species R. canina L., R. corymbifera Borkh., R. pimpinellifolia L., R. oxyodon Boiss.. All of them possess high polymorphism and for these species there has been pointed out a great number of forms with different variations of signs. The second group is composed of the species with smaller natural habitats, and they are usually less changeable. It has been established that the leading geoelements are the Caucasian and Dagestani ones. A high percentage of the endemic species testifies to the fact that the examined area, as well as the Caucasus in general, is the centre of intensive speciation.
Results of studying of the Brucella suis 245 strain vaccine’s reactogenic properties in an experiment on reindeer
Authors: Zakharova Olga , Protodyakonova Galina , Shadrina Yana
Published: January 2022

Living vaccines are not widely used in practice to prevent and control brucellosis in domesticated reindeer. Brucellosis vaccines from strains 19 or 82 are characterized by a high level of reactogenicity and lead to complications in vaccinated animals. When studying the reactogenic properties of the vaccine from the B. suis 245 strain in the experiment on reindeer, the reaction of the body of domesticated reindeer to the subcutaneous injection of brucella from the B. suis 245 strain was considered. At the same time, no significant differences were observed when the vaccine was administered at a dosage of 10 and 50 billion microbial cells, and the size of edema in millimeters was fixed at the level of 39.0 ± 3.5 and 44.1 ± 2.6, respectively (P> 0.05). The dynamics of the body temperature of animals depending on the method of administration and dose of the vaccine, regardless of the dosage, body temperature, like other indicators of a physiological nature, remained within the normal range. It was found that in the early stages after vaccination, the indicators of the physiological state of the animal’s body are determined by whether the oral or subcutaneous method of administration of the vaccine was used. When vaccinated by the subcutaneous method, reactogenicity was less pronounced with the introduction of 5 billion microbial cells, compared with a dose of 50 billion microbial cells.
Study of phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity of Nectaroscordum tripedale Trautv in the natural conditions of Dagestan
Authors: Alibegova Asiyat , Guseinova Ziyarat , Islamova Fatima
Published: January 2022

The paper presents the results of studies devoted to the study of the rare for Dagestan species Nectaroscordum tripedale Trautv., Included in the Red Data Books of Russia and Dagestan, as endangered (rarity category 1). The aim of this work was to assess the content of phenolic compounds and the antioxidant activity of the aerial part of N. tripedale. Plant raw materials were collected in the vegetation and flowering phase, and the content of phenolic compounds was studied, both in fresh raw materials and in frozen ones. Determination of the content of phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity was carried out in water - ethanol extracts (70% ethanol solution) according to standard methods. The content of phenolic compounds is higher in fresh raw materials than in dried ones. The analysis showed that the leaves contain more flavonoids and anthocyanins than the rest, and the least of them is in the flower arrows. Evaluation of the total content of antioxidants in water - ethanol extracts from the aboveground part of the Dagestan N. tripedale samples. The data of phytochemical studies are of great importance and contribute to supplementing the available information on the dynamics of the accumulation of primary and secondary metabolites in herbaceous plants on the territory of Dagestan.
Ecological restoration of biodiversity and forage productivity of degraded pasture ecosystems in the Central Asian Desert
Authors: Shamsutdinov Zebri
Published: January 2022

The low productivity of pastures and its sharp fluctuations in the desert regions of Central Asia are due to the natural-historical factors of this natural zone. However, in recent years, these shortcomings of pastures have been further aggravated as a result of the rapid growth of the population, the continuous development of industry and transport in desert areas, and the pressure of anthropogenic and man-made factors on vegetation and soil is increasing from year to year. This caused disruption of the structure and normal functioning of pasture ecosystems, and their degradation. Mass degradation of pasture ecosystems in arid regions of Central Asia occurs in a short time, which dictates the need for environmental restoration of these destroyed pasture lands. The United Nations General Assembly, by resolution 73/284, adopted at the 69th plenary meeting on March 1, 2019, decided to proclaim 2021-2030 as the "United Nations Decade for the Restoration of Degraded Ecosystems" and called on UN member states to help strengthen political will, mobilize available resources, strengthening scientific studies on ecosystem restoration at the global, regional, national and local levels. To restore the lost biodiversity of the forage productivity of degraded pasture ecosystems in the Central Asian Karnabchul Desert, dominant species of forage plants were sown in the following ratio: Haloxylon aphyllum (15 %), Halothamnus subaphyllus (20 %), Artemisia diffusa (50 %) and Poa bulbosa (15 %). The conducted studies allow to conclude that use of zonal-typical life forms of dominant species of forage plants and sowing of their mixtures (combinations) ensures formation of multi-species multi-level pasture ecosystems with high and stable forage productivity over the years in the Central Asian desert. The restored multi-level and multi-species pasture ecosystems are endowed with the property of self-renewal and self-maintenance of the structural and functional organization. The restored multi-species shrub-semi-shrub-herbaceous pasture ecosystems with a characteristic set of species inherent in natural pasture communities are characterized by high stable forage productivity and perform a conservation function in the Central Asian desert.
Assessment of decorative features of lianas when using them for landscaping purposes of the Saratov-Engels agglomeration
Authors: Kalmykova Anna , Guseva Yekaterina , Tereshkin Alexandr
Published: January 2022

Currently, due to the intensive growth of cities, the area for landscaping is being reduced. In conditions of dense development, the use of vertical landscaping plays an important role. The selection of the assortment of plants, in addition to resistance to urban conditions, is also influenced by the decorative characteristics of the species. The use of vines for decorative purposes has a rich history. Along with utilitarian and sanitary-hygienic functions, lianas have long been used to decorate gardens. As a rule, aesthetic evaluation is subjective, but a number of signs can significantly affect its result. We evaluated the types of lianas by decorative qualities in the conditions of the Saratov-Engels agglomeration using the decorative scale. As a result of the study, various options for using lianas in landscaping according to their decorative qualities are proposed.
Assortment of shrubs for different categories of green plants in settlements located in a dry region
Authors: Tereshkin Alexander , Azarova Olesya
Published: January 2022

The article is devoted to the study of the assortment of shrub species in various categories of green plants in settlements located in the arid region, using the example of the cities of Saratov and Engels. In practice, recommendations for choosing an assortment are used when choosing plants for landscaping. There are currently several sources for these recommendations. To determine the species diversity of shrubs and compare with the recommended assortment, authors examined the plantations of general use in the cities of Saratov and Engels. The predominant species of shrubs and their condition have been identified. The density of species growth on landscaping objects has been analyzed.
Analysis of tomato lines combining ability by productivity traits for selecting acceptable parents when developing tomato hybrids
Authors: Kozlova Irina , Dubina Elena , Garkusha Sergey
Published: January 2022

The basis of an effective breeding process is the genetic analysis of the inheritance of traits, which makes it possible to select the source material and form the optimal scheme for developing hybrids. The main criterion for assessing the quantitative traits of parental lines is combining ability. In this regard, the aim of the research was to study the combining ability for productivity and its components of 5 maternal lines of tomato with functional male sterility and 6 lines of testers (pollinators) with the subsequent selection of the best parents and their further use in developing heterotic hybrids. Using the methods of traditional breeding, guided by the methodology for assessing two genetically different sets of parental lines proposed by V.K. Savchenko, the results were obtained to determine the combining ability of the lines according to the characteristics: “plant productivity”, “average fruit weight” and “number of fruits per plant”. The effects of the total and specific combining ability of the material under study have been determined. The most promising lines for further breeding work on the development of new highly productive domestic tomato hybrids have been identified. Maternal line Cu1-36 (8) and testers LG-1212/11 and LG-1174/09 showed the maximum positive effects of TCA in terms of productivity and the number of fruits per plant. The results obtained in 2020 showed that the most productive hybrids (Cu1-36 (8) xLG-1174/09, St543xLG-1174/09, Sf04 (19) xLG-1174/09 and St644xLG-1212/11) were obtained with the participation of paternal lines with a high TCA value. The average weight of the fruit is more influenced by the combining abilities of the maternal lines. The effects of SCA in these combinations are high and medium.
Prospects for the ExpressSun™ production system for sunflower cultivation in the European part of Russia
Authors: Goryanina Oleg , Zudilinb Sergey , Dzhangabaeva Baurzhan
Published: January 2022

The results of studies of five sunflower cultivation variants within the production system ExpressSun™ on ordinary chernozem for 2013-2019 in the southeastern European part of Russia (the hydrothermal index for the growing season – hereinafter HTI – is 0.70) are presented. It was found that when switching to the systemic principle of formation, cultivation technologies based on differentiated soil tillage in crop rotation provided an increase in soil productive moisture reserve to the emergence of sunflower seedlings, in comparison with the traditional technology by 5.8-12.2 mm (3.8-8.0%), P2O5 content - by 2.0-27.2 mg/kg (1.0-8.9%). The highest sunflower oilseed productivity 2.52-2.56 t/ha was revealed when using complex fertilizers, which was 0.25-0.43 t/ha (11.0-20.2%) more than other options. Despite the very high content of K2O in the soil, the yield was in direct proportion to this macroelement (r = 0.32-0.85*). The highest conditional net income 27070.2 rubles/ha was established against an intensive background of resourse-saving technology, which was 970.0-3780.5 rubles/ha (3.7-16.2%) more than other studied options. Based on the data obtained, a low-cost technology of sunflower cultivation has been developed, which includes the following technological operations: applying complex mineral fertilizers (NPK)15, deep soil tillage by 25-27 cm, spring harrowing, pre-sowing cultivation, packing, sowing, harrowing in one track, herbicide treatment, and top-dressing. The expected annual economic effect from the development of new technologies for sunflower cultivation is more than 1100 rubles/ha.
Increase in plant productivity and soil fertility based on monitoring studies in the system of test polygons
Authors: Komarov Аndrey , Lekomtsev Peter
Published: January 2022

The work presents the formation of a system for assessing soil fertility and plant development using test monitoring polygons. Monitoring polygons became the basis for the introduction of modern technologies to increase plant productivity and soil fertility. The monitoring sites were located in the main agro-climatic regions of the Leningrad Region on soil types typical for the respective region. Analysis of the dynamics of the main parameters of soil fertility in test plots shows a tendency towards a decrease in the content of mobile forms of potassium and acidification of soils, as well as other signs of degradation. A decrease in soil fertility is associated with a decrease in the proportion of applied fertilizers and a decrease in soil liming. This process develops on all types of soils, with the exception of those areas that are located in suburban farms. The data for the test sites are consistent with the overall results of the agrochemical surveys. For industrial practice, test sites and information collected on them can serve as “information keys” for decoding space and aerial photographs in order to assess the state of agroecosystems, monitor changes in soil fertility and plant development. On the example of the cultivation of spring wheat, the way of precision assessment of the management of the productivity of cultivated crops and the increase of soil fertility is shown. The mechanism for the implementation of the plant productivity management system was carried out with the introduction of elements of precision farming.
Functional morphology and adaptive significance of the mucous membrane of the corners of the mouth in ruminants
Authors: Khatsaeva Raisa , Kozyrev Soslan , Khasaev Arslan
Published: January 2022

Using the methods of scanning electron microscopy, morphological and functional features of the mucous membrane of the corners of the mouth in representatives of Bovinae cattle [Bos taurus taurus] with normal and insufficient nutrition and their adaptive significance were revealed. Determination of the morphology of the mucous membrane and its functional structures of the corners of the mouth of ruminants by the specificity of their nutrition and physical condition is shown. Compensatory mechanisms have been identified in the mucous membrane of the corners of the mouth in Bos taurus taurus, caused by poor-quality malnutrition. The ultrastructural features of the architectonics of the mucous membrane and its functional structures of the corners of the mouth and microbiome were revealed in connection with the specific nutritional characteristics of the compared animals. The obtained information can be used in development of the foundations of rational feeding of ruminants, including keeping wild species in captivity and solving the problems of rational nature management and conservation of biodiversity.
Influence of the main agrotechnical techniques of cultivation on the yield of plague seeds (Setaria Italica (L.) P. Beauv) in the Lower Volga Region
Authors: Rodina Tatiana , Kondakov Konstantin , Astashov Aleksandr
Published: January 2022

For the arid conditions of the Lower Volga region, plague is a promising forage crop. The article presents the results of assessing the study of the effect of the seeding rate and sowing methods on the yield of seeds of the plague variety Stachumi 3, which made it possible to identify the optimal option for obtaining the maximum yield. The study was carried out on the experimental field of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution of the Russian Research Institute of Sorghum and Corn Rossorgo, which is located in the suburban microzone of the Saratov region and is geographically located in the southern part of the chernozem zone of the Lower Volga region. The climate of the region is sharply continental and dry. The soil of the experimental field is southern chernozem. The results obtained were confirmed by the analysis of variance of a two-factor experiment on the study of six gradations of factor A (seeding rate from 1.25 to 7.50 million pcs./ha) and three gradations of factor B (seeding method with row spacing 70, 30 and 15 cm), according to the data of which revealed significant differences in the influence of the seeding rate on the yield of plague seeds. On average, over four years of study (2013-2016), the highest yield in the experiment was obtained at a seeding rate of 1.25 million pcs./ha with a wide-row sowing method with a row spacing of 70 cm - 2.13 t/ha, when sowing the same the norm with a decrease in the width of the row spacing to 30 cm, the yield decreased by 22.6 %. In the most favorable year in terms of moisture in 2013 (GTC = 1.7), the maximum yield in the experiment was obtained at a seeding rate of 2.50 million pcs./ha and amounted to 3.81 t /ha. The tendency of decrease in the yield of plague seeds with an increase in the seeding rate has been established. The lowest yield in the experiment was obtained with an ordinary sowing method (15 cm) and a seeding rate of 7.50 million pcs./ha - 0.36 t/ha. The main share in the manifestation of the trait over the three years of study was made by factor A (seeding rate) and amounted to 77.6-80.7% of the total sum of squares, and in 2016 the share of the influence of this factor was 29.5 % only. Factor B (sowing method) in 2013-2015 accounts for from 8.0 % to 13.8 %, and in 2016 the share of the studied factor increased upto 62.1 %. The proportional participation of the interaction of AB factors varied insignificantly over the years of the study.
Study of the effect of the application of an organic microelement complex on the yield and quality of field crops in the conditions of the Saratov Left Bank
Authors: Denisov Konstantin , Poletaev Ilia , Kondakov Konstantin
Published: January 2022

The article presents the materials of studies of effect of foliar application of organomineral fertilizers on the productivity and quality of agricultural crops grain in the conditions of dark chestnut soils of the Saratov Left Bank. It is shown that the application of an organic microelement complex (OMEK “Universal”) contributes to an increase in yield at the level of 0.28 t/ha in winter wheat. of 0.07 t/ha in chickpeas and sunflower and of 0.23 t/ha in corn. Analysis of the product quality showed that after foliar fertilization with an organic microelement complex (OMEK “Universal”). these values were higher compared to the control and after application of Bionex-Kemi. When calculating the economic efficiency. the highest indicators of net income were after foliar application with fertilizer with an organic microelement complex (OMEK “Universal”).
Production of biologically and toxicologically safe semi-solid and wet anatomic preparations
Authors: Vorobievskaya S. , Stacenko M. , Dronov V. , Kulachenko I.
Published: January 2022

One of the main goals of applied morphology is to make the teaching of normal anatomy visual. Natural preparations of organs and body parts of an animal should be demonstrative enough and retain their shape and appearance for a long time. Compared to others, the method that we have developed for the manufacture of anatomical preparations has significant advantages, and in such a quality that makes it possible to study the object not only visually, but also manually. At the same time, soft anatomical preparations made in this way are biologically and toxicically safe. Preservation of organs and tissues of animal corpses is a necessary part of the work of anatomists and pathologists with the obligatory use of these preparations in the educational process, including for independent work of students. The method that we have optimized for the manufacture of wet pathological specimens, which have high visibility, close to the natural color and shape of eviscerated organs and tissues, while being stored longer.
Influence of hydrodynamic dispersion and nonequilibrium sorption on the prediction of pesticide concentrations in lysimetric leachate
Authors: Kolupaeva Victoria , Kokoreva Anna
Published: January 2022

The article discusses issues related to the development of pesticide modeling in the environment and its use in order to regulate the circulation of pesticides. As the study of the literature and the author's experience in using mathematical models shows, the main problem and source of errors in modeling is the quality of the input data for the soil block of the model, as well as those characterizing the properties of the pesticide. Using the results of a carefully conducted lysimetric experiment to study the migration of cyantraniliprole outside the soil profile, as well as auxiliary studies, the influence of hydrodynamic dispersion on the behavior of the insecticide and the results of modeling is shown. The parameters of its non-equilibrium sorption by the soil were calculated according to the data of the laboratory experiment investigating the dynamics of decomposition of cyantraniliprole. The article confirms the need to take these processes into account when modeling the transport of pesticides.
Economic and zoological rationale for using new bedding material for lactating cows
Authors: Danilova Nadezhda , Kuznetsova Elena , Beloglazova Olga
Published: January 2022

This article examines the influence of the studied bedding material, which is dust-free wood shavings, cleaned from metal impurities and processed by thermochemical and biotechnological methods on the productivity of cows, the sanitary and hygienic quality of milk and the profitability of the products obtained. The production experience was carried out in the conditions of one of the farms of the Republic of Tatarstan on cows of the Holstein-Friesian breed and lasted for 3 months. To assess the quality of milk, the following indicators were taken into account: the amount of fat, protein, lactose, dry matter, non-fat milk solids, urea, somatic cells, as well as acidity, freezing point, pH, analysis for ketone bodies. The milk production was calculated based on the results of the control milking. Our studies have shown that, from an economic point of view, the use of the investigated bedding material is most effective.
Modern information technologies in the management and planning of ecologically balanced irrigation systems
Authors: Abdrazakov Fyarid , Rukavishnikov Andrey , Miheeva Olga , Logashov Denis
Published: January 2022

Canals are part of natural ecosystems, occupy a large area of reclaimed land and are an important component in obtaining guaranteed sustainable crop yields. However, the condition of the canals deteriorates over time and repairs and reconstruction of structures are necessary. The main defect of the canals is a violation of the integrity of the lining fastening. The introduction reveals the main problems and prospects of using irrigation canals. One of the most important prospects is the development of digital technologies in the field of hydraulic engineering, namely, the development of a software package that allows you to calculate the cost and rationality of a project in the shortest possible time. High-quality information exchange and planning in the conditions of agricultural production is the primary task of ecologically balanced irrigation systems. The research methodology includes the main stages of program design, as well as the basic formulas used when writing code. The results of the study include an analysis of existing programs for writing code. The program and its main functions are presented. The flowchart of the program clearly shows the algorithm of operation.
Improving the efficiency of operation of electrified reclamation pumping stations
Authors: Abdrazakov Fyarid , Logashov Denis , Rukavishnikov Andrey
Published: January 2022

This article discusses the topical issue of improving the efficiency of operation of electrified reclamation pumping stations. In the introduction, the state of the reclamation complex of the Saratov region is considered, the present state of the reclamation systems of the Saratov region is given, and the main functions of the modern irrigation system are also considered. The materials and methods section includes the principle of operation of pumping stations, as well as the processes occurring in them. Theoretical analysis of fluid motion is an integral part of the study of pumping equipment. The existing schemes of arrangement of centrifugal pumps are presented. Negative cavitation phenomena are listed. The results of the study include structural changes in the position of the suction bell and a positive economic effect during its further operation.
Development of Russian food export capacity under external constraints
Authors: Suhanova I. F. , Lyavina M. Yu. , Ismailov I. S.
Published: January 2022

The article represents the level of development of the Russian food export capacity. The factors influencing the country’s food system have been systematised. The food export and import performance has been analysed. The self-sufficiency in essential food products has been assessed. The need for development of food export capacity under external restrictions has been substantiated. The directions of Russia’s food export capacity development have been highlighted.
Ultrasound in the food and processing industry
Authors: Morgunova N. L. , Rudik F. Ya. , Semilet N. A.
Published: January 2022

Many processes take place in the food and processing industry for a long period of time. The authors of the article, based on experimental studies, propose to intensify the processes of humidification, washing, disinfection and extraction using low-frequency ultrasound. Laboratory ultrasound installations with an ultrasound frequency of 18 – 35 kHz were used for research.
Analysis of the Incidence of Dental Pathologies in Ornamental and Agricultural Rabbits
Authors: Kharitonova Marina , Bokhina Oksana , Klyukin Sergey
Published: January 2022

Studies of the incidence of dental diseases and pathologies in decorative and agricultural breeds of rabbits have been carried out, the most effective treatment and preventive measures have been substantiated. The article presents the results of an analysis with the statistics of the incidence of such dental pathologies as overgrowth of incisors, overgrowth of cheek teeth and uneven wear due to tooth loss, among all recorded diseases in rabbits of different age groups. The authors identified dental pathologies that occupy a significant share among all registered rabbit diseases in the Saratov region. Dental diseases appear in older animals, with the exception of the overgrowth of incisors, this pathology is often found in young individuals of decorative rabbits. Treatment of overgrowth of cheek teeth is presented in the elimination of sharp ends of teeth - hooks and thorns. Individual teeth are removed if their roots are infected and cause abscesses. Correction of cheek teeth is carried out most often for decorative rabbits for apartment maintenance. Less often, it is performed for high-yield agricultural rabbits, producers, if their pathology was not caused by a genetic predisposition, but was the result of injury or improper feeding. Simple filing of the incisors is carried out without sedation, using a secure fixation of the rabbit. If the incisors grow too quickly in the rabbit, they are extracted. The main method of preventive measures and recommendations for prevention of dental disease in a rabbit is to maintain an appropriate diet. For early detection and treatment of dental problems in rabbits, regular check-ups and dental evaluations are essential.
Effect of Polysaccharide-Based Film on Morphometric Parameters of Rat liver
Authors: Rysmuhambetova Gulsara , Ziruk Irina , Copcecchi Marina
Published: January 2022

In the modern world, most manufacturers try to use film coatings that have the following properties: manufacturability, safety, biodegradability, and economic availability. The provided materials present the results of studying the effect of a film based on polysaccharides on the morphology of rat liver. An experiment was carried out on laboratory animals, in the course of its carrying out the morphological structure of the rat liver was studied, which showed that use of films based on polysaccharides is safe for laboratory animals.
Implementation of Green Economy Instruments at Food Industry Enterprises on the Basis of Implementation of Innovative Projects
Authors: Tkachev Sergey , Kolotyrin Konstantin , Eryushev Mikhail
Published: January 2022

The problems associated with development of green economy instruments at food industry enterprises are considered. On the basis of the analysis, it is concluded that insufficient attention is paid to environmental problems in the food industry in Russia. Introduction of modern equipment is carried out on the basis of implementation of innovative projects, where “green” investment is negligible. An analysis of the structure of investment in “green technologies” showed that these are mainly private investment resources, and government funding is minimal. It is concluded that it is necessary to develop instruments for financing innovative projects to introduce mechanisms of a “green” economy in the food industry. In order to stimulate the implementation of innovative environmental projects at food industry enterprises, such modern tools as public-private partnerships, insurance, concessional lending, and etc. are offered. As a result of the offered approaches to implementation of innovative projects based on a “green economy” at food industry enterprises, the environmental efficiency of the food industry will increase, as well as significantly reduce costs due to introduction of resource-saving technologies.
Novel Antidepressants in the Pipeline (Phase II and III): A
Systematic Review of the US Clinical Trials Registry
Authors: Sakurai Hitoshi , Yonezawa Kengo , Tani Hideaki , Mimura Masaru , Bauer Michael , Uchida Hiroyuki
Published: January 2022

Introduction There is an imminent need for faster-acting and more
effective antidepressants beyond the monoaminergic hypothesis.

Methods We systematically searched the US Clinical Trials registry for
antidepressant compounds with completed phase II and III trials. Compounds that
demonstrated significant superiority over placebo in the primary outcome measure
in the latest phase of phase II and III trials were identified. The collateral
information was gathered via a PubMed search and press releases.

Results Nine compounds were identified. AXS-05 (a combination of
dextromethorphan and bupropion) and ansofaxine hydrochloride showed a positive
result over placebo in a phase III study for major depressive disorder or
treatment-resistant depression. MIJ821, nitrous oxide, psilocybin, ayahuasca,
facial injection of botulinum toxin A, prasterone, and casopitant demonstrated
at least one positive result in phase II trials. Ayahuasca showed a greater
response rate than placebo at week one, indicating the rapid antidepressant
effect.

Discussion These new compounds with novel mechanisms of action are
expected to provide a greater variety of treatment options for depression if
preliminary positive results are confirmed.