bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mangrove Optimization to Improve Economic Growth Of Coastal Communities
Authors: Siregar Pramiado Samuel , Farista Dian , Fausi Ria Risti
Published: August 2023

Mangrove leaves contain high antioxidants that can be used as drinks such as tea. This research aims to make de.ruju tea, which is a tea that is produced simply. The research methods include organoleptic tests to determine the level of public liking for de.ruju tea. besides that, SWOT analysis to determine the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats to determine the opportunity value of de.ruju products. The results showed that processing mangrove leaf raw materials into functional food as tea improved the economic level of the Tambakrejo Village community by increasing profits by 112%. The SWOT analysis results show that de.ruju products have an IFAS matrix value of 2.7. This shows that the product situation is very good and has advantages higher than weaknesses and an EFAS matrix of 2 so that the product is able to take advantage of opportunities to avoid threats from the environment.
Fausto y Goethe: una lectura de Edith Stein
Authors: Reyes-Gacitúa Eva
Published: August 2023

“Natural y sobrenatural en el Fausto de Goethe” es un breve texto de Edith Stein redactado en vistas al centenario de la muerte del dramaturgo alemán. A modo de conferencia lo presenta en la ciudad de  Ludwigshafen, el 26 de junio de 1932 en el Convento de  Santo Domingo (Stein, 2002, p. 315). Allí viven las religiosas dominicas de Santa Magdalena de Espira quienes tienen a su cargo un Instituto femenino y una escuela de enseñanza media. El manuscrito original se conserva en 45 hojas y más adelante fue publicado en la revista Zeit und Schule del mismo año...
La monstruosidad de la belleza de lo aparente, los cuerpos y las comunidades de lo posible: freaks y la forma del agua, enclaves de análisis biopolítico a propósito de la crisis social mundial
Authors: Maldonado Garay Jocelyn , Palacios Hermosilla Daniela
Published: August 2023

El siguiente ensayo realiza un análisis crítico de los discursos/prácticas de la modernidad desde la biopolítica en torno a la anormalidad, la ciencia (como tecnociencia) y las posibilidades de comunidad que existen en las relaciones de las/los marginados/as. Tomando como referentes las películas Freaks y La Forma del Agua. Mostrando cómo el cine juega y propone elementos críticos de estas prácticas/discursos de la modernidad. Dentro de esta anormalidad se considerará a la monstruosidad como metáfora y como realidad corpórea, y las mujeres como cuerpos limítrofes y marginales del reparto (en términos de Rancière). Un análisis que juega con la contingencia de la crisis social que atravesamos a nivel mundial, así como de los fragmentos sociales y corporales, pero que, sin embargo, en sus entrañas posibilitan otras formas de relaciones, otros tejidos y posibilidades de comunidad.
Retórica subalterna en poemas da recordação e outros movimentos de conceição evaristo, subjetividad que enuncia y expone la diferencia a través de la voz y el cuerpo de las mujeres afrobrasileñas
Authors: Lizana-Miranda Paola
Published: August 2023

En el presente análisis proponemos una lectura del poemario Poemas da recordação e outros movimentos (2008) de Conceição Evaristo desde una perspectiva de la retórica subalterna, entendiendo lo anterior como la emergencia literaria de otras formas subjetivas. En este sentido afirmamos que en el poemario en análisis la subjetividad de la hablante se construye a través de la voz y el cuerpo femenino, afirmando la diferencia como sustento subjetivo.
НАУКОВА ДИПЛОМАТІЯ В СИСТЕМІ ТОРГОВЕЛЬНО-ЕКОНОМІЧНИХ ВІДНОСИН УКРАЇНИ ТА ЄВРОПЕЙСЬКОГО СОЮЗУ
Authors: Миронова Мар’яна
Published: August 2023

У сучасному світі, де міжнародні відносини відіграють ключову роль у розвитку країн, наукова дипломатія стає все більш актуальною. Це новий напрямок дипломатичної діяльності, який базується на використанні наукових досягнень та зв’язків для сприяння розвитку торговельно-економічних відносин. Мета статті – розкрити вплив наукової дипломатії на торговельно-економічні відносини України та ЄС, дослідити нові підходи у науковій дипломатії для покращення двосторонніх та багатосторонніх відносин між країнами. Розглядаються аспекти наукової дипломатії в системі торговельно-економічних відносин, такі як співпраця у сфері наукових досліджень та інновацій, сприяння просуванню економічних інтересів країн, підвищення престижу країни та формуванні позитивного іміджу, а також вплив на політичні рішення, пов’язані з торговельно-економічними відносинами між країнами.
Chronic Kidney Disease in Jigawa State, Nigeria; A silently Emerging Epidemic?
Authors: Ibrahim Abdullahi Haruna , Aikawa Hussaini Muhammad , Ladan Muhammad Awwal , Sani Sa’adatu Muhammad , Iliya Rahmatu Shamsiyyah , Mohammed Auwalu , Ibrahim Usman
Published: August 2023

Purpose: The study was conducted to examine the trend of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in as seen at Rasheed Shekoni Teaching Hospital (RSTH), Dutse, a state referral centre for CKD cases in Jigawa state over a six-year period from January 2015 to December 2020.

Methods: Retrospective research design was used where all the 621 cases seen in the facility over the study period were retrieved and reviewed. Ethical clearance was obtained from the Research and Ethics Committee of RSTH. Data was analysed using frequency tables, charts and multiple regression analysis.

Results: The result revealed the mean age of the cases as 39±1 and 62% were males. While the CKD burden between 2016 (51) and 2016 (47) were relatively lower than the later years, a marked increase in the number of CKD cases was witnessed in the facility in 2017 (147) and the curve plateaued at such high prevalence through 2018 (155) and 2019 (151) until 2020 where a drastic drop (70) was witnessed were only 11.2% of the cases were seen.

Conclusion: The findings further revealed having chronic glomerulonephritis, comorbidities of hypertension and chronic glomerulonephritis and, hypertension and diabetes, being 60 years & above and being male (p<0.05) as the predictors of having CKD among the patients seen at the facility. It was concluded that, there is a growing trend in the burden of CKD in the state and there is need for further investigations to determine the factors behind it in order to proffer solution to the problem.
Synthesis, characterization, molecular docking, in silico ADME study, and in vitro cytotoxicity evaluation of new pyridine derivatives of nabumetone.
Authors: Bushra K. Jameel  , Ayad Mohammed Rasheed Raauf  , Wassan Abdul Kareem Abbas
Published: August 2023

New pyridine derivatives of nabumetone containing 2-amino 3-cyano moieties were synthesized and aimed to introduce new EGFR kinase inhibitors through two methods either by synthesis of chalcone derivatives initially (1a-d)

followed by reacting it with malononitrile and ammonium acetate to form (2a-d) or from a one-pot synthesis of all reactants together to synthesis compounds (2a-e). Melting point, and FT-IR spectra were used to characterize all the synthesized compounds and were confirmed by 1H-NMR, and 13C-NMR spectroscopy. The final compounds (2a-e) were investigated in vitro against A549 (lung cancer cell line) and WRL68 (human normal cell line). compounds (2a, 2b, and 2e) produced marked cytotoxic activity with IC50 (24.62, 23.43, and 24.06 μg/ml) respectively, higher than what obtained from erlotinib with IC50 (25 μg/ml) as a reference drug. Measuring the selectivity index (SI) reveals that all the compounds have high selectivity especially compound (2a) being the most selective towards cancerous cells rather than normal cells with SI two folds higher than erlotinib. The molecular docking study reveals good binding to the EGFR kinase that has a good correlation to the MTT Assay results. In silico ADME study exposes that this synthesized series not only have interesting activity but also shows promised pharmacokinetic properties.
СУСПІЛЬНО-ГЕОГРАФІЧНІ ПЕРЕДУМОВИ ФОРМУВАННЯ САКРАЛЬНОЇ СФЕРИ ІВАНО-ФРАНКІВСЬКОЇ ОБЛАСТІ
Authors: Хіміч М.І.
Published: August 2023

Сакральна сфера Івано-Франківщини сформована як природними, так і антропогенними об’єктами, які мають особливі духовні властивості і виконують комунікативну, консолідуючу, лікувальну, захисну та природоохоронну функції. Сакральна сфера впливає на соціокультурне та економічне життя суспільства. Аналіз суспільно-географічних умов її формування допомагає зрозуміти взаємодію між релігійними та політичними структурами, а також сприяє вивченню різноманітних форм соціального та культурного розвитку території у певні історико-політичні періоди. Дослідження сакральної сфери має практичне значення для розвитку туризму та рекреації. Сакральні об’єкти можуть бути атрактивними місцями, що збільшує туристичний потік та сприяє інфраструктурному розвитку певної території. Компоненти сакральної сфери Івано-Франківської області сформувалися під впливом природних (географічне положення, особливості рельєфу, мальовничість ландшафтів) і суспільно-географічних (історико-політичного, етнічного та конфесійного) чинників, які в певний часовий проміжок в історичному і географічному плані на певній території мали свій визначальний вплив. Для проведення дослідження з наявних сакральних об’єктів Івано-Франківщини було відібрано 624 релігійні пам’ятки, які споруджені до 1939 року, серед яких 80% складають дерев’яні церкви, 12% – муровані церкви, 5% – костели, 1,5% – монастирі, 1,5% – синагоги. У формуванні сакральних об’єктів на території дослідження виділено 5 історичних періодів: Давньоукраїнський період (1199–1349 рр.), період Польського королівства (1349–1772 рр.), період Австрійської та Австро-Угорської імперії (1772–1914 рр.), період Першої світової війни, першої російської окупації та створення Західно-Української Народної республіки (1914–1921 рр.), період Польської республіки (1921–1939 рр.). Для кожного з них розраховано показник, який об’єктивно відображає динаміку спорудження сакральних об’єктів. Результати розрахунків показали, що найбільш сприятливим періодом для формування релігійних сакральних об’єктів був період Австрійської та Австро-Угорської імперії. Сакральні об’єкти (споруди, пам’ятки) Івано-Франківщини є важливим надбанням національної культури населення, відображені в певних сакральних елементах, вони відіграють важливу роль в релігійному та культурному житті суспільства.
RANCANG BANGUN MESIN PEMOTONG PIPA DENGAN LAS OXY ACETYLENE
Authors: Ariksa Jeri , Setiawan Yudi , Kadriadi Kadriadi , Amiruddin Amiruddin , Pratama Angga Bahri
Published: August 2023

Pemotongan logam adalah tahap pengerjaan bahan baku profil dan plat baja sesuai dengan tanda potong yang telah ditetapkan pada proses penandaan. Salah satu teknik pemotongan logam adalah dengan menggunakan las oxy acetylene dimana pemotongan terjadi karena adanya reaksi oxygen dan baja. Las oxy acetylene adalah proses pemotongan dan pengelasan secara manual, dimana permukaan yang akan disambung mengalami pemanasan sampai mencair oleh nyala (flame) gas acetylene yaitu pembakaran C₂H₂ dengan O₂ dengan logam pengisi atau tanpa logam pengisi dimana prosess penyambungan tanpa penekanan. Disamping untuk keperluan pengelasan (penyambungan) las oxy acetylene dapat juga digunakan sebagai preheatting, brazing, cutting dan hard facing. Pada pengerjaan pemotongan pipa besi menggunakan las oxy acetylene secara manual, kendala yang yang sering ditemukan adalah hasil pemotongan yang tidak rata dan tidal lurus. Hal ini menyebabkan dibutuhkan proses perataan pada bagian tepi yang dipotong hingga rata dan lurus. Pada penelitian ini, telah dibuat mesin pemotong pipa dengan las oxy acetylene yang bertujuan menghasilkan pemotongan pipa yang lurus, halus, dan rata. Mesin pemotong pipa yang telah dibuat ini dapat menghasilkan potongan pipa besi rata, halus, dan lurus pada pipa besi diameter 4,5 inchi, 3,5 inchi, dan 3 inchi dengan waktu pemotongan 32 detik, kecepatan putaran gelombang motor 5,8 Hz, dan toleransi potongan ± 3 mm.
PEMANFAATAN MESIN PENCACAH DAN MESIN PRESS SEBAGAI ALAT PENGOLAH SAMPAH MENJADI PRODUK BERNILAI EKONOMIS
Authors: Zulkia Dwi Rizka
Published: August 2023

Penyumbang utama masalah permukiman kumuh di perkotaan adalah isu sampah. Pengelolaan sampah yang tidak sesuai dengan persyaratan teknis mendorong pemerintah daerah untuk membangun TPS3R di kawasan permukiman. TPS3R KSM Kawa Begawe di Kelurahan Selindung adalah salah satu kerja nyata kolaborasi antara pemerintah daerah dan pemerintah pusat. TPS3R ini berdiri pada tahun 2016 dan dikembangkan pada tahun 2022 dengan penyediaan mesin pencacah organik dan anorganik, mesin press hidrolik dan mesin pembubur pakan maggot. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah mesin ini telah digunakan secara optimal dan telah mampu meningkatkan perekonomian masyarakat. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode campuran, dimana data kuantitatif dianalisis menggunakan perhitungan sederhana dan data kualitatif dianalisis menggunakan analisis deskriptif. Hasil analisis yang didapati adalah semakin bertambahnya penduduk maka TPS3R ini sangat dibutuhkan sebagai upaya pengurangan produksi sampah dengan melakukan pengurangan terhadap barang sekali pakai atau melakukan pengolahan sampah menjadi produk lain yang bermanfaat serta dapat membuka lowongan kerja baru sehingga akhirnya menjadi sumber penghasilan bagi masyarakat setempat. Dari sisi rencana pengembangan ekonomi, ketika mesin ini telah digunakan secara optimal, maka tempat ini akan menjadi sumber penghasilan yang mumpuni bagi masyarakat setempat. Hasil penelitian ini tentunya menjadi bukti bahwa TPS-3R tidak hanya menjawab persoalan pencemaran lingkungan yang diakibatkan oleh sampah, namun juga dapat menghasilkan produk-produk yang bernilai ekonomis dari sampah yang diolah di TPS3R KSM Kawa Begawe.
Exercise Effect on Mental Health in Isolating or Quarantining Adults
Authors: Chu Vichai , Newman David G.
Published: August 2023

INTRODUCTION: In response to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), travelers are typically subject to quarantine, which is often associated with poorer mental health (MH). While the protective benefits of community-based exercise are widely recognized, the degree to which this
extends to the confined setting is unknown. This systematic review aims to evaluate the effect of exercise on MH in isolating or quarantining adults.METHODS: A literature search of Ovid MEDLINE, APA PsycInfo, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews limited to January 2019–September
2021 inclusive yielded five eligible studies.RESULTS: Data comprised a total of 2755 college and university students, most of whom were confined. Depending on the scale used, 24.9–76.7% of respondents demonstrated impaired MH, which improved with physical activity (PA), especially
when regular and moderate or vigorous. The frequency, duration, and participants of exercise increased as lockdown progressed. One study showed that while sleep, diet, and PA all have an impact on MH, PA was the factor most strongly correlated with MH.DISCUSSION: Physical fitness
should be optimized before and maintained during quarantine while exercise space and equipment should be accessible. Importantly, the sustainability of persistent quarantine must be considered given the pervasiveness of COVID-19.Chu V, Newman DG. Exercise effect on mental health
in isolating or quarantining adults. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2023; 94(9):686–695.
Categorization of Select Cockpit Performance Evaluation Techniques
Authors: Brighton Eric M. , Klaus David M.
Published: August 2023

INTRODUCTION: The modern aircraft cockpit has evolved into a complex system of systems. Numerous performance evaluation metrics and techniques exist that can measure the effectiveness of cockpit components in terms of how they influence the human operator’s ability to perform
tasks relevant to mission success. As no prior review of these metrics has been found in the literature, this effort attempts to do so, albeit without applying the metrics to a novel cockpit evaluation.METHODS: These metrics and techniques are discussed and presented in five defined
categories as they relate to evaluating cockpit subsystems: ergonomics and anthropometrics; human-computer interaction; data management and presentation; crew resource management and operations; and ingress and egress.DISCUSSION: While this effort is significant and novel, it is
not necessarily comprehensive. In conclusion, it is noted that no single holistic quantitative metric to evaluate cockpit design and performance yet exists. Utilizing some of the preexisting metrics presented to develop such a metric would be beneficial in efforts to evaluate aircraft cockpit
designs and performance, as well as aiding future cockpit designs.Brighton EM, Klaus DM. Categorization of select cockpit performance evaluation techniques. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2023; 94(9):696–704.
Decompression Sickness Risk in Parachutist Dispatchers Exposed Repeatedly to High Altitude
Authors: Connolly Desmond M. , D’Oyly Timothy J. , Harridge Stephen D. R. , Smith Thomas G. , Lee Vivienne M.
Published: August 2023

INTRODUCTION: Occurrences of severe decompression sickness (DCS) in military parachutist dispatchers at 25,000 ft (7620 m) prompted revision of exposure guidelines for high altitude parachuting. This study investigated residual risks to dispatchers and explored
the potential for safely conducting repeat exposures in a single duty period.METHODS: In this study, 15 healthy men, ages 20–50 yr, undertook 2 profiles of repeated hypobaric chamber decompression conducting activities representative of dispatcher duties. Phase 1 comprised
two ascents to 25,000 ft (7620 m) for 60 and then 90 min. Phase 2 included three ascents first to 25,000 ft for 60 min, followed by two ascents to 22,000 ft (6706 m) for 90 min. Denitrogenation was undertaken at 15,000 ft (4572 m)
with successive ascents separated by 1-h air breaks at ground level.RESULTS: At 25,000 ft (7620 m), five cases of limb (knee) pain DCS developed, the earliest at 29 min. Additionally, multiple minor knee “niggles” occurred with activity but disappeared
when seated at rest. No DCS and few niggles occurred at 22,000 ft (6706 m). Early, heavy, and sustained bubble loads were common at 25,000 ft, particularly in older subjects, but lighter and later loads followed repeat exposure, especially at 22,000 ft.DISCUSSION:
Parachutist dispatchers are at high risk of DCS at 25,000 ft (7620 m) commensurate with their heavy level of exertion. However, the potential exists for repeated safe ascents to 22,000 ft (6706 m), in the same duty period, if turn-around times breathing air at ground
level are brief. Older dispatchers (>40 yr) with functional right-to-left (intracardiac or pulmonary) vascular shunts will be at risk of arterialization of microbubbles.Connolly DM, D’Oyly TJ, Harridge SDR, Smith TG, Lee VM. Decompression sickness risk in parachutist
dispatchers exposed repeatedly to high altitude. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2023; 94(9):666–677.
Delayed Drowsiness After Normobaric Hypoxia Training in an F/A-18 Hornet Simulator
Authors: Varis Nikke , Leinonen Antti , Perälä Jesper , Leino Tuomo K. , Husa Lauri , Sovelius Roope
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND: In military aviation, due to high-altitude flight operations, hypoxia training is mandatory and nowadays is mainly done as normobaric hypoxia training in flight simulators. During the last decade, scientific data has been published about delayed recovery after normobaric
hypoxia, known as a “hypoxia hangover.” Sopite syndrome is a symptom complex that develops as a result of exposure to real or apparent motion, and it is characterized by yawning, excessive drowsiness, lassitude, lethargy, mild depression, and a reduced ability to focus on an assigned
task.CASE REPORT: In this study, we present the case of a 49-yr-old pilot who participated in normobaric hypoxia refreshment training in an F/A-18C Hornet simulator and experienced delayed drowsiness, even 3 h after the training.DISCUSSION: This case report demonstrates
the danger of deep hypoxia. Hypoxia training instructions should include restrictions related to driving a car immediately after hypoxia training. In addition, hypoxia may lower the brain threshold for sopite syndrome.Varis N, Leinonen A, Perälä J, Leino TK, Husa L, Sovelius
R. Delayed drowsiness after normobaric hypoxia training in an F/A-18 Hornet simulator. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2023; 94(9):715–718.
Extensor Tendon Rupture in Ulnar Impingement Syndrome: A Case Report
Authors: Xian LOW Yi , GOH Adriel Guang Wei , QUEK Swee Tian
Published: August 2023

Ulnar impingement syndrome is caused by a shortened ulna impinging on the distal radius and causing a painful, disabling pseudoarthrosis. Vaughan-Jackson syndrome is characterized by a disruption of the digital extensor tendons, beginning on the ulnar side with the extensor digiti minimi (EDM) and extensor digitorum communis (EDC) tendon of the small finger. While ulnar impingement and Vaughan-Jackson syndrome are not uncommon, it is rare to observe the two conditions occurring simultaneously. We report a unique case of ulnar impingement syndrome presenting with Vaughan-Jackson syndrome, revealing that the degenerative changes from ulnar impingement syndrome can cause attrition rupture of the EDM and EDC tendon of the little finger. This entails increased clinical significance of ulnar impingement, because in addition to its potential to cause debilitating pain, there is also consequence of functional deficits if extensor tendon rupture were to occur due to progressive degenerative changes. The surgical management of distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ) arthritis arising from ulnar impingement may include various intra-operative techniques to prevent post-operative extensor tendon rupture.
1757 Yılında Şam Hac Kafilesi ve Hicaz: Tedbirler ve Olaylar
Authors: GÜLER Mustafa , ÖZASLAN Fatih
Published: August 2023

Hac, Hicaz ve Arap coğrafyasının en mühim sosyal, dini ve ekonomik olgularından biridir. Zaman ve mekân olarak sınırlandırılması nedeniyle günümüzde olduğu gibi geçmişte de yolculuklar, güvenlik, idare ve menâsikin ifası bölge yöneticilerinin en mühim uğraşlarından olmuştur.

Şam Şehri, Hac kervanlarının sevki, güvenliği ve Mekke ile Medine şehirlerine ulaştırılacak para ve ayni malzemenin ulaştırılması noktasında önemli bir rol oynamıştır. İslam’ın Anadolu, Balkanlar, Kafkasya ve Orta Asya’ya yayılmasından itibaren ise en mühim toplanma ve çöl şartlarına hazırlanma merkezi olmuştur. Şam ve çevresinin Osmanlı hâkimiyetine geçmesinden sonra ise Şam şehri hem yukarıda belirttiğimiz bölgelerden gelen kafilelerin buluşma noktası, hem de Osmanlı sultanını temsilen şehre ulaşan Surre alaylarının, askeri birliklerin ve Hac emirinin harekât merkezi olmuştur. 1517’den başlayan bu süreç 1671’de farklı bir alana evirilmiş, 1708’de Şam valilerinin Hac emiri olmaları güç ve itibarlarını artırmıştır.

Bu çalışmada Osmanlı Arşiv belgeleri, kronikler ve telif çalışmalar temel alınarak miladi 1757 yılında Şam’dan yola çıkan hac kervanının idaresi, gidiş ve dönüş yolunda karşılaştığı güvenlik problemleri ve 1758 yılı haccında alınan önlemler ele alınacaktır. Şam’dan Mekke ve Medine’ye nakledilen nakit para ve eşyanın miktarı ele alınacaktır. Bu yapılırken anılan zaman diliminde Şam’dan Mekke’ye kadar uzanan ana kervan yolunun ahvali, yol civarında yaşayan kabilelerin Hac emiri ve hacılarla ilişkileri detaylı olarak tahlil edilecektir.
OPTIMALISASI MEDIA SOSIAL GERAKAN PEMUDA (GP) ANSOR SEBAGAI STRATEGI DAKWAH PIMPINAN CABANG KOTA KEDIRI
Authors: Firdaus Muhammad Mirza , Kolil Mochamad Taufiq
Published: August 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkapkan gambaran strategi dakwah yang dilakukan oleh organisasi pemuda Ansor Kota Kediri dalam menyampaikan dakwah terutama dalam media dakwah yang bertransformasi dengan media sosial. Salah satu implementasi dari penggunaan media sosial adalah sebagi media dakwah melalui tayangan digitalisasi, baik berupa foto, video maupun konten-konten yang menghibur sekaligus memiliki muatan pesan-pesan dakwah. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenomologi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa optimalisasi dakwah melalui media sosial dengan menggunakan platform Instagram dan youtube bisa diterima dengan baik oleh kalangan pemuda khususnya kalangan millenial. Faktor pendukung dalam Gerakan Pemuda ansor dalam menjalankan program ini adalah pengurus yang memang menjadi da’i dengan kedalaman ilmu agama berbasis pondok pesantren serta tingginya jumlah follower yang dimiliki oleh beberapa pengurus dan penentuan tema yang kontemporer. Adapun tantangan lapangan yang saat ini dihadapi adalah berkaitan dengan manajemen waktu atau jadwal yang kurang baik serta keterbatasan sarana yang dimiliki.Kata kunci : Media Sosial, Strategi Dakwah, GP Ansor
Unemployment in Greece and Cyprus in the 21st Century: An Analysis from a European Perspective
Authors: Fernández Sánchez Pedro , García Centeno María del Carmen , Hurtado Ocaña Inmaculada , Arroyo Fernández María Jesús
Published: August 2023

One of the main concerns facing societies today is unemployment. However, its evolution in all economies is not the same. It is necessary to know the determining factors of the evolution of the unemployment rate because it is one of the variables that can delay and prevent real convergence with the rest of the European Union Member States. The aim of this paper is to present an explanatory model, since the beginning of the 21st century, for unemployment in two Mediterranean economies with important historical, cultural, and economic ties. The identification of the explanatory variables of unemployment allows us to determine whether the response of the Greek and Cypriot authorities to reduce unemployment has been adequate.
UMA EXPERIÊNCIA NO ESTÁGIO SUPERVISIONADO NO 6° ANO DO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL: ARTICULAÇÕES ENTRE MATEMÁTICA ACADÊMICA E MATEMÁTICA ESCOLAR
Authors: Knopp Ivo da Silva , Aldé-Lopes Rui
Published: August 2023

Este trabalho busca relatar uma experiência no estágio supervisionado que ocorreu no 6° ano do Ensino Fundamental do CAp-UFRJ relacionada ao ensino de múltiplos e divisores, na qual o primeiro autor exercia o papel de professor supervisor do segundo. No contexto de ensino remoto, a experiência se deu por meio de uma atividade na plataforma do Geogebra Classroom, construída e mediada pelos autores. Nosso objetivo com este trabalho é, portanto, discutir como tal experiência nos atravessou e constituiu-se como um elemento estruturante de nossa formação. Nesse sentido, o relato da experiência não focará nas produções dos estudantes da educação básica, mas, sim, em nossas percepções e intervenções em relação à atividade. Para tanto, dialogaremos com autores que versam acerca da formação de professores e o papel do estágio supervisionado nesta, além daqueles que tratam sobre as articulações entre matemática acadêmica, representada aqui pela teoria de grafos, e matemática escolar, representada aqui pelos múltiplos e divisores, construindo conexões com a nossa experiência. Com o nosso relato, esperamos mostrar que o estágio supervisionado não é apenas o lugar da matemática escolar na formação docente, mas que é também um lugar de atravessamentos entre esta e a matemática acadêmica.
Elucidation of bioinformatic-guided high-prospect drug repositioning candidates for DMD via Swanson linking of target-focused latent knowledge from text-mined categorical metadata
Authors: Ulm J. Wes , Barthélémy Florian , Nelson Stanley F.
Published: August 2023

Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD)’s complex multi-system pathophysiology, coupled with the cost-prohibitive logistics of multi-year drug screening and follow-up, has hampered the pursuit of new therapeutic approaches. Here we conducted a systematic historical and text mining-based pilot feasibility study to explore the potential of established or previously tested drugs as prospective DMD therapeutic agents. Our approach utilized a Swanson linking-inspired method to uncover meaningful yet largely hidden deep semantic connections between pharmacologically significant DMD targets and drugs developed for unrelated diseases. Specifically, we focused on molecular target-based MeSH terms and categories as high-yield bioinformatic proxies, effectively tagging relevant literature with categorical metadata. To identify promising leads, we comprehensively assembled published reports from 2011 and sampling from subsequent years. We then determined the earliest year when distinct MeSH terms or category labels of the relevant cellular target were referenced in conjunction with the drug, as well as when the pertinent target itself was first conclusively identified as holding therapeutic value for DMD. By comparing the earliest year when the drug was identifiable as a DMD treatment candidate with that of the first actual report confirming this, we computed an Index of Delayed Discovery (IDD), which serves as a metric of Swanson-linked latent knowledge. Using these findings, we identified data from previously unlinked articles subsetted via MeSH-derived Swanson linking or from target classes within the DrugBank repository. This enabled us to identify new but untested high-prospect small-molecule candidates that are of particular interest in repurposing for DMD and warrant further investigations.
Rx and its downstream factor, Musashi1, is required for establishment of the apical organ in sea urchin larvae
Authors: Yaguchi Junko , Yaguchi Shunsuke
Published: August 2023

Acetylcholine, a vital neurotransmitter, plays a multifarious role in the brain and peripheral nervous system of various organisms. Previous research has demonstrated the proximity of cholinergic neurons to serotonergic neurons in the apical organ of sea urchin embryos. While several transcription factors have been identified as playing a role in the development of serotonergic neurons in this region of a sea urchin, Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus, comparatively little is known about the specific transcription factors and their spatiotemporal expression patterns that regulate the development of cholinergic neurons. In this study, we establish the requirement of the transcription factor Rx for the development of cholinergic neurons in the apical organ of the species. Furthermore, we investigate the role of the RNA-binding protein Musashi1, known to be involved in neurogenesis, including cholinergic neurons in other organisms, and demonstrate that it is a downstream factor of Rx, and that choline acetyltransferase expression is suppressed in Musashi1 downregulated embryos. Our research also highlights the intricate network formed by neurons and other cells in and around the apical organ of sea urchin larvae through axons and dendrites, providing possibility for a systematic and complexed neural pattern like those of the brain in other organisms.
Diabetes mellitus promotes susceptibility to periodontitis—novel insight into the molecular mechanisms
Authors: Zhao Mingcan , Xie Yuandong , Gao Wenjia , Li Chunwang , Ye Qiang , Li Yi
Published: August 2023

Diabetes mellitus is a main risk factor for periodontitis, but until now, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Diabetes can increase the pathogenicity of the periodontal microbiota and the inflammatory/host immune response of the periodontium. Hyperglycemia induces reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and enhances oxidative stress (OS), exacerbating periodontal tissue destruction. Furthermore, the alveolar bone resorption damage and the epigenetic changes in periodontal tissue induced by diabetes may also contribute to periodontitis. We will review the latest clinical data on the evidence of diabetes promoting the susceptibility of periodontitis from epidemiological, molecular mechanistic, and potential therapeutic targets and discuss the possible molecular mechanistic targets, focusing in particular on novel data on inflammatory/host immune response and OS. Understanding the intertwined pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus and periodontitis can explain the cross-interference between endocrine metabolic and inflammatory diseases better, provide a theoretical basis for new systemic holistic treatment, and promote interprofessional collaboration between endocrine physicians and dentists.
Human genome editing in clinical applications: Japanese lay and expert attitudes
Authors: Sawai Tsutomu , Hatta Taichi , Akatsuka Kyoko , Fujita Misao
Published: August 2023

Background: The world’s first gene-edited babies, reported by the Chinese scientist He Jiankui, prompted an outcry of criticism and concerns worldwide over the use of genome editing for reproductive purposes. Many countries and academic associations opposed to heritable genome editing (HGE) called for public discussion involving various stakeholders. To hold a discussion of this nature and form a consensus concerning HGE, we must understand under what conditions stakeholders consider HGE acceptable and the reasons for which they deem it unacceptable.

Methods: Laypeople and researchers were surveyed in May 2019. They were asked about the degree of their acceptance toward somatic genome editing (SGE) and HGE; those who answered “acceptable depending on the purpose” were queried further regarding their acceptance in the contexts of specific clinical purposes.

Results: Responses were obtained from 4,424 laypeople and 98 researchers. The percentage of respondents choosing each option in attitudes to HGE was, from largest to smallest: “acceptable depending on purpose” (laypeople 49.3%; researchers 56.1%), “not acceptable for any purpose” (laypeople 45.8%; researchers 40.8%), and “acceptable for any purpose” (laypeople 5.0%; researchers 3.1%). In an additional question for those who answered “acceptable depending on the purpose,” laypeople found the following purposes acceptable: infertility treatment (54.5%), treatment of life-threatening diseases (52.2%), and treatment of debilitating diseases (51.4%). Meanwhile, the degree of acceptance for enhancement purposes was 10.7, 7.9, 6.2, and 5.5% for physical, cognitive, health, and personality enhancements, respectively. In contrast, acceptance among the researchers was 94.5% and 92.7% for the treatment of life-threatening and debilitating diseases, respectively, compared with 69.1% for infertility treatment. Researchers’ acceptance for enhancement purposes was similar to that of the lay participants, with 12.7, 9.1, 10.9, and 5.5% for physical, cognitive, health, and personality enhancement, respectively.

Conclusion: In the past, debates regarding the acceptability of human genome editing in clinical applications tend to focus on HGE in many countries. Society will now need to debate the acceptability of both types of human genome editing, HGE and SGE.
Proinflammatory allogeneic dendritic cells enhance the therapeutic efficacy of systemic anti-4-1BB treatment
Authors: Ali Arwa , Gao Menghan , Iskantar Alexandros , Wang Hai , Karlsson-Parra Alex , Yu Di , Jin Chuan
Published: August 2023

As an immune adjuvant, proinflammatory allogeneic dendritic cells (AlloDCs) have demonstrated promising immune-priming effects in several preclinical and clinical studies. The effector cells, including NK cells and T cells are widely acknowledged as pivotal factors in the effectiveness of cancer immunotherapy due to their ability to selectively identify and eradicate malignant cells. 4-1BB, as a costimulatory receptor, plays a significant role in the stimulation of effector cell activation. This study evaluated the anti-tumor effects when combining intratumoral administration of the immune-adjuvant AlloDCs with systemic α4-1BB treatment directly acting on effector cells. In both the CT-26 murine colon carcinoma model and B16 murine melanoma model, AlloDCs demonstrated a significant enhancement in the therapeutic efficacy of α4-1BB antibody. This enhancement was observed through the delayed growth of tumors and prolonged survival. Analysis of the tumor microenvironment (TME) in the combined-treatment group revealed an immune-inflamed TME characterized by increased infiltration of activated endogenous DCs and IFNγ+ CD8+ T cells, showing reduced signs of exhaustion. Furthermore, there was an augmented presence of tissue-resident memory (TRM) CD8+ T cells (CD103+CD49a+CD69+). The combination treatment also led to increased infiltration of CD39+CD103+ tumor-specific CD8+ T cells and neoantigen-specific T cells into the tumor. Additionally, the combined treatment resulted in a less immunosuppressive TME, indicated by decreased infiltration of myeloid-derived suppressor cells and Tregs. These findings suggest that the combination of intratumoral AlloDCs administration with systemic agonistic α4-1BB treatment can generate a synergistic anti-tumor response, thereby warranting further investigation through clinical studies.
Citrullinated and malondialdehyde-acetaldehyde modified fibrinogen activates macrophages and promotes an aggressive synovial fibroblast phenotype in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Aripova Nozima , Duryee Michael J. , England Bryant R. , Hunter Carlos D. , Mordeson Jack E. , Ryan Evan M. , Daubach Eric C. , Romberger Debra J. , Thiele Geoffrey M. , Mikuls Ted R.
Published: August 2023

Objective

Post-translational protein modifications with malondialdehyde-acetaldehyde (MAA) and citrulline (CIT) are implicated in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Although precise mechanisms have not been elucidated, macrophage-fibroblast interactions have been proposed to play a central role in the development and progression of RA. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the downstream effects of macrophage released soluble mediators, following stimulation with fibrinogen (FIB) modified antigens, on human fibroblast-like synoviocytes (HFLS).

Methods

PMA-treated U-937 monocytes (Mϕ) and macrophage-differentiated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (MP) were stimulated with FIB, FIB-MAA, FIB-CIT, or FIB-MAA-CIT. HFLS-RA cells were stimulated directly with FIB antigens or with supernatants (SN) from macrophages (Mϕ-SN or MP-SN) stimulated with FIB antigens. Genes associated with an aggressive HFLS phenotype, extracellular matrix proteins, and activated signaling pathways were evaluated.

Results

HFLS-RA cells treated with Mϕ-SNFIB-CIT and Mϕ-SNFIB-MAA-CIT demonstrated significant increases in mRNA expression of genes associated with an aggressive phenotype at 24-h as compared to direct stimulation with the same antigens. Similar results were obtained using MP-SN. Cellular morphology was altered and protein expression of vimentin (p<0.0001 vs. Mϕ-SNFIB) and type II collagen (p<0.0001) were significantly increased in HFLS-RA cells treated with any of the Mϕ-SN generated following stimulation with modified antigens. Phosphorylation of JNK, Erk1/2, and Akt were increased most substantially in HFLS-RA treated with Mϕ-SNFIB-MAA-CIT (p<0.05 vs Mϕ-SNFIB). These and other data suggested the presence of PDGF-BB in Mϕ-SN. Mϕ-SNFIB-MAA-CIT contained the highest concentration of PDGF-BB (p<0.0001 vs. Mϕ-SNFIB) followed by Mϕ-SNFIB-CIT then Mϕ-SNFIB-MAA. HFLS-RA cells treated with PDGF-BB showed similar cellular morphology to the Mϕ-SN generated following stimulation with modified FIB, as well as the increased expression of vimentin, type II collagen, and the phosphorylation of JNK, Erk1/2 and Akt signaling molecules.

Conclusion

Together, these findings support the hypothesis that in response to MAA-modified and/or citrullinated fibrinogen, macrophages release soluble factors including PDGF-BB that induce fibroblast activation and promote an aggressive fibroblast phenotype. These cellular responses were most robust following macrophage activation with dually modified fibrinogen, compared to single modification alone, providing novel insights into the combined role of multiple post-translational protein modifications in the development of RA.
Cost-benefit analysis of ballast water treatment for three major port clusters in China: evaluation of different scenario strategies
Authors: Nie Anwei , Wan Zheng , Shi ZhuangFei , Wang Zhaojun
Published: August 2023

Introduction

The expansion of maritime trade has led to the introduction of invasive species into aquatic ecosystems through ballast water discharge. China, being a major player in global trade and manufacturing, has experienced negative impacts on its coastal ecosystems and marine biodiversity.

Methods

This study examines the cost‒benefit trade-offs of ballast water management policies for major port clusters in China and other global ports. This paper evaluates compliance costs for individual vessels and fleets under different policy scenarios and ballast water treatment system (BWTS) installation strategies.

Results

The onboard BWTS installation strategy appears to be more cost-effective under the existing International Maritime Organization (IMO) policy. However, with stricter global discharge requirements or a substantial increase in BWTS capital and operating costs, strategies based on port location could prove more beneficial due to potential economies of scale. Notably, ships with high ballast water discharge volumes, like bulk carriers, are potentially better equipped to cope with future policy shifts. In the face of stricter regulations in China, projected annual compliance cost increases range from $456 million (cost data based on China) to $1.205 billion (cost data based on US).

Discussion

Policymakers are advised to adopt a comprehensive view of ballast water management policies, taking into account the trade-offs between compliance costs and environmental risks. Other essential factors, such as advancements in BWTS technology, fuel consumption, emissions, and maintenance costs, also demand careful consideration in policy development.
Low-cost table-top experiments for teaching multi-scale geophysical fluid dynamics
Authors: Moscoso Jordyn E. , Tripoli Rachel E. , Chen Shizhe , Church William J. , Gonzalez Henry , Hill Spencer A. , Khoo Norris , Lonner Taylor L. , Aurnou Jonathan M.
Published: August 2023

Multi-scale instabilities are ubiquitous in atmospheric and oceanic flows and are essential topics in teaching geophysical fluid dynamics. Yet these topics are often difficult to teach and counter-intuitive to new learners. In this paper, we introduce our state-of-the-art Do-It Yourself Dynamics (DIYnamics) LEGO® robotics kit that allows users to create table-top models of geophysical flows. Deep ocean convection processes are simulated via three experiments – upright convection, thermal wind flows, and baroclinic instability – in order to demonstrate the robust multi-scale modeling capabilities of our kit. Detailed recipes are provided to allow users to reproduce these experiments. Further, dye-visualization measurements show that the table-top experimental results adequately agree with theory. In sum, our DIYnamics setup provides students and educators with an accessible table-top framework by which to model the multi-scale behaviors, inherent in canonical geophysical flows, such as deep ocean convection.
Generative adversarial network-based attenuation correction for 99mTc-TRODAT-1 brain SPECT
Authors: Du Yu , Jiang Han , Lin Ching-Ni , Peng Zhengyu , Sun Jingzhang , Chiu Pai-Yi , Hung Guang-Uei , Mok Greta S. P.
Published: August 2023

Background

Attenuation correction (AC) is an important correction method to improve the quantification accuracy of dopamine transporter (DAT) single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). Chang's method was developed for AC (Chang-AC) when CT-based AC was not available, assuming uniform attenuation coefficients inside the body contour. This study aims to evaluate Chang-AC and different deep learning (DL)-based AC approaches on 99mTc-TRODAT-1 brain SPECT using clinical patient data on two different scanners.

Methods

Two hundred and sixty patients who underwent 99mTc-TRODAT-1 SPECT/CT scans from two different scanners (scanner A and scanner B) were retrospectively recruited. The ordered-subset expectation-maximization (OS-EM) method reconstructed 120 projections with dual-energy scatter correction, with or without CT-AC. We implemented a 3D conditional generative adversarial network (cGAN) for the indirect deep learning-based attenuation correction (DL-ACμ) and direct deep learning-based attenuation correction (DL-AC) methods, estimating attenuation maps (μ-maps) and attenuation-corrected SPECT images from non-attenuation-corrected (NAC) SPECT, respectively. We further applied cross-scanner training (cross-scanner indirect deep learning-based attenuation correction [cull-ACμ] and cross-scanner direct deep learning-based attenuation correction [call-AC]) and merged the datasets from two scanners for ensemble training (ensemble indirect deep learning-based attenuation correction [eDL-ACμ] and ensemble direct deep learning-based attenuation correction [eDL-AC]). The estimated μ-maps from (c/e)DL-ACμ were then used in reconstruction for AC purposes. Chang's method was also implemented for comparison. Normalized mean square error (NMSE), structural similarity index (SSIM), specific uptake ratio (SUR), and asymmetry index (%ASI) of the striatum were calculated for different AC methods.

Results

The NMSE for Chang's method, DL-ACμ, DL-AC, cDL-ACμ, cDL-AC, eDL-ACμ, and eDL-AC is 0.0406 ± 0.0445, 0.0059 ± 0.0035, 0.0099 ± 0.0066, 0.0253 ± 0.0102, 0.0369 ± 0.0124, 0.0098 ± 0.0035, and 0.0162 ± 0.0118 for scanner A and 0.0579 ± 0.0146, 0.0055 ± 0.0034, 0.0063 ± 0.0028, 0.0235 ± 0.0085, 0.0349 ± 0.0086, 0.0115 ± 0.0062, and 0.0117 ± 0.0038 for scanner B, respectively. The SUR and %ASI results for DL-ACμ are closer to CT-AC, Followed by DL-AC, eDL-ACμ, cDL-ACμ, cDL-AC, eDL-AC, Chang's method, and NAC.

Conclusion

All DL-based AC methods are superior to Chang-AC. DL-ACμ is superior to DL-AC. Scanner-specific training is superior to cross-scanner and ensemble training. DL-based AC methods are feasible and robust for 99mTc-TRODAT-1 brain SPECT.
Heat-stone massage for patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain: a protocol for multicenter randomized controlled trial
Authors: Li Li , Xi Yawei , Wang Ying , Gao Yinqiu , Lv Xiaoying , Liu Shu , Yang Guangjing , Qian Jingjing , Yang Xiaofang , Ayad Nardeen , Zhou Jiayan , Sun Ya Xuan , Liu Jin , Li Jinlin , Chen Guang
Published: August 2023

Introduction

Chronic musculoskeletal pain bothers the quality of life for approximately 1.71 billion people worldwide. Although pharmacological therapies play an important role in controlling chronic pain, overuse of opioids, persistent or recurrent symptoms, and pain-related disability burden still need to be addressed. Heat-stone massage is using the heated stone to stimulate muscles and ligaments followed by massage for relax, which can potentially treat the chronic musculoskeletal pain. To determine the efficacy and safety of heat-stone massage for patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain is needed.

Methods and analysis

This multicenter, 2-arm, randomized, positive drug-controlled trial will include a total of 120 patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain. The intervention group will receive a 2 week heat-stone massage, 3 times per week, whereas the control group will receive the flurbiprofen plaster twice per day for 2 weeks. The primary end point is the change in Global Pain Scale from baseline to the end of the 2 week intervention. The secondary outcomes include the pain severity (Numerical Rating Scale), pain acceptance (Chronic Pain Acceptance Questionnaire), self-management (Health Education Impact Questionnaire), self-efficacy (Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire), anxiety and depression (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale), quality of life (Short Form-36). The intention-to-treat dataset will be used for analysis.

Discussion

The pain management remains the research topic that patients always pay close attention to. This will be the first randomized clinical trial to evaluate whether heat-stone massage, a non-pharmacological therapy, is effective in the chronic musculoskeletal pain management. The results will provide evidence for new option of daily practice.

Clinical trial registration

World Health Organization Chinese Clinical Trial Registry [ChiCTR2200065654; https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.html?proj=185403]; International Traditional Medicine Clinical Trial Registry [ITMCTR2022000104; http://itmctr.ccebtcm.org.cn/en-US/Home/ProjectView?pid=51776b6f-77b8-4811-9b5a-a0fec10f2cee].