bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Companion to Medieval Translation, ed. Jeanette Beer. Leeds: Arc Humanities Press, 2019, viii, 200 pp.
Authors: Classen Albrecht
Published: June 2021

Medieval literature, philosophy, medicine, and many other fields cannot be imagined without considering the huge role played by translations. Scholars have worked on this field already for many years, leading among them Jeanette Beer, who here brings together a number of authors who
address specific aspects pertinent to translation work mostly in medieval literature. While she herself offers a concise introduction, she rounds off the volume with a study of the work by the anonymous compiler of Li Fet des Romans from the early thirteenth century which represents
the earliest extant work of ancient historiography translated into a European medieval vernacular. The translator offers most detailed comments about his motivation and translation strategies, which helps us understand considerably how medieval writers approached their task. But back to the
Introduction. Here Beer traces the history of the earliest translations, beginning with the famous Strasbourg Oaths from 842, turning to Eulalia, the Valenciennes Fragment, and Marie de France, among others. Subsequently Beer outlines the major highlights of this collected
volume, highlighting that the contributors address vernaculars such as Latin (not really a vernacular), French, Anglo-Norman, Italian, English, Old Norse, German, Arabic, and Hebrew. Indeed, some of the chapters cover those languages, but we do not hear anything about German, Arabic, or Hebrew,
apart from some very fleeting references. She correctly notes that the world prior to the printing press was deeply determined by textual mouvance which provided enormous flexibility in the rendering and display of texts in the manuscripts. The Introduction concludes with a bibliography
and a bibliographical note about the author. This model is applied throughout the entire volume.
Pendidikan Kesehatan Resusitasi Jantung Paru Bagi Penyandang Tuna Rungu
Authors: Rahmawati Elfi Quyumi , Alimansur Moh. , Yunarsih Yunarsih , Krisnawati Dyah Ika , Rinawati Fajar , Sucipto Sucipto
Published: June 2021

Penguasaan dan pemahaman tindakan resusitasi jantung paru dalam memberikan pertolongan pertama pada korban henti jantung seharusnya tidak hanya dimiliki oleh tenaga kesehatan tetapi juga seluruh lapisan masyarakat, termasuk kelompok disabilitas yang memiliki keterbatasan fisik. Tujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana meningkatkan kemampuan masyarakat awam khususnya kelompok tunarungu terhadap bantuan hidup dasar dengan menggunakan pendekatan pendidikan kesehatan. Metode yang digunakan dalam program pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah pendidikan kesehatan, pelatihan singkat dan pembelajaran aktif bantuan hidup dasar. Media yang digunakan proyektor dan didampingi oleh penerjemah yang menggunakan Bisindo sebagai pengantar. Peserta abdimas adalah anggota Gerkatin sejumlah 20 orang. Materi yang disampaikan dapat menambah pengetahuan dibuktikan dengan peserta mampu menjawab pertanyaan setelah kegiatan penyuluhan dilakukan. Mereka mampu mengidentifikasi dengan benar bagaimana mengidentifikasi orang dengan serangan jantung, langkah apa yang harus diambil ketika bertemu penderita, dan bagaimana meminta bantuan. Selanjutnya, secara umum, Anda dapat berlatih secara pantum tahapan melakukan bantuan hidup dasar. Kelompok disabilitas sensorik memahami dan mau menerapkan bantuan hidup dasar saat bertemu pasien henti jantung
Potensi Manfaat Konsumsi Saffron Pada Masa Kehamilan
Authors: Bamasri Topgati Hanif
Published: June 2021

Kehamilan diartikan sebagai pembuahan atau penyatuan spermatozoa dengan ovum yang diikuti dengan proses nidasi atau implantasi. Kehamilan merupakan masa dimana tubuh wanita mengalami serangkaian perubahan fisiologis, anatomis dan psikologis yang bertujuan untuk proses adaptasi terhadap gaya hidup dan kehamilan yang dialaminya. Saffron, kepala putik kering dari tumbuhan Crocus sativus, salah satu tumbuhan dari famili Iridaceae, memiliki lebih dari 150 komponen kimiawi pada stigma saffron, dimana tiga komponen utamanya adalah crocins, picrocrocin dan safranal. Komponen aktif saffron telah terbukti memiliki efek farmakologis seperti antikonvulsan, antidepresan, antiradang, antitumor, meningkatkan daya belajar dan daya ingat, dan lain-lain. Metode penulisan artikel ini adalah studi literatur. Sumber pustaka dalam penulisan artikel ini teridiri dari 22 pustaka baik dari buku, jurnal nasional maupun internasional, dan website. Konsumsi saffron yang sesuai dosis memiliki potensi manfaat bagi ibu hamil untuk mengatasi perubahan fisiologis atau psikologis seperti mengurangi sakit perut, nyeri otot dan kram, mual dan muntah, menurunkan tekanan darah, serta meningkatkan kualitas tidur dan mood. Namun konsumsi kunyit yang berlebihan dapat menimbulkan potensi efek samping yang tidak diharapkan pada awal kehamilan yaitu meningkatkan kesiapan serviks untuk melahirkan sehingga dapat menyebabkan terjadinya aborsi atau kelahiran prematur.
Potensi Gangguan Work Related Musculoskeletal Disorders selama Bekerja dari Rumah bagi Akademisi
Authors: Hidayatullah Muhammad Dzaki
Published: June 2021

Gangguan muskuloskeletal terkait pekerjaan atau yang biasa disebut dengan work related musculoskeletal disorders saat ini menimbulkan tantangan bagi kesehatan masyarakat dan menimbulkan masalah keuangan, fisik dan sosial yang cukup besar bagi para pekerja. Ada kebutuhan untuk mendapatkan pengetahuan yang lebih mendalam mengenai hal ini di kalangan pekerja kantoran, untuk menanganinya dengan sukses. Berbagai penelitian yang meneliti tentang pengaruh gangguan penyakit musculoskeletal dan akademisi yang sangat relevan. Penelitian  ini menggunakan  metode    systematic literature  review  yang  terdiri  dari  18  artikel  Google  Schoolar,  Elsevier  dan PubMed NCBI yang diterbitkan dari tahun 2012 hingga 2020. Kemudian dilakukan analisis terhadap artikel tersebut. Pada akhirnya didapatkan bahwa potensi gangguan work related musculoskeletal disorders disaat melakukan work from home.
Tingkat Pengetahuan dan Sikap Orangtua Berhubungan dengan Penggunaan Obat Tradisional pada Anak
Authors: Agaatsz Johanna Natasha , Sitompul Monalisa
Published: June 2021

Orangtua sangatlah memiliki peran penting dalam sebuah keluarga, khususnya bagi anak .dan orangtua juga sangat berpengaruh dalam mengambil keputusan terumata untuk anak mereka, penelitian ini dilakukan karena untuk melihat pentingnya peran orangtua saat anak sakit dan untuk melihat apakah tindakan orangtua sudah tepat dalam mengobati anak mereka yang sakit dengan menggunakan pengobatan tradisional yang mereka lakukan sendiri,dan diharapkan setelah adanya penelitian ini akan meningkatkan kualitas orangtua serta pengetahuan orangtua dan sikap yang dimiliki orangtua dalam penggunaan obat tradisional. Tujuan penelitian ini ialah untuk mengetahui apakah ada hubungan yang signifikan dari tingkat pengetahuan serta sikap orangtua yang berada di desa karegesan dalam menggunakan obat tradisional untuk pengobatan pada anak. Metode penelitian ini adalah deskriptif korelasi, teknik pengambilan sampel secara purposive sampling dengan total 52 responden. Penelitian ini dilakukan secara online, yaitu peneliti mengirimkan kuesioner dalam bentuk googleform kepada responden melalui aplikasi whatsapp. analisa data menggunakan uji korelasi pearson correlation dengan hasil Adanya hubungan yang signifikan dari pengetahuan yang kurang baik dengan sikap orangtua yang kurang baik dalam menggunakan obat tradisional untuk pengobatan pada anak dengan p value 0,000 <0,05.
Pengaruh Pemberian Air Rebusan Daun Alpukat terhadap Penurunan Tekanan Darah pada Usia Lanjut dengan Hipertensi
Authors: Laoli Mei Krismon , Ge’e Rosmianti , Halawa Putri Novi Yanti , Sitorus Rotua Sumihar , Nurhayati Eva Latifah
Published: June 2021

Penyakit Hipertensi atau tekanan darahxtinggi merupakan peningkatanxtekanan darah persisten yang juga dijulukixpembunuh diam-diamxatau silent killerxkarena tidak memilki gejala yang khas sehingga seseorang yang mengidap hipertensi selama bertahun-tahun tidak menyadari sampai terjadi kerusakan organ vital yang cukup berat yang bahkan dapat menyebabkan kematian.  Lanjut usia (lansia) adalah bagian dari proses tumbuh kembang manusia tidak secara tiba-tiba menjadi tua, tetapi berkembangnya dari bayi, anak-anak, dan dewasa akhirnya menjadi tua. Daun alpukatxmerupakan salahxsatu tanamanxyangxmemiliki manfaatxsebagai obat herbal.. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui adanya penurunanxtekanan pada usia lanjut dengan hipertensi melalui  pemberian air rebusan daun alpukat di UPT puskesmas rantang medan tahun 2021. Jenis Penelitian ini pre-posttest control group design. Alat ukur yang digunakan adalah lembar koesioner, observasi dan SOP . Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh melalui uji Wilcoxon Test yaitu adanya Pengaruh Pemberian Air Rebusan Daun Alpukat Terhadap Penurunan Tekanan DarahxPada Usia LanjutxDengan Hipertensi di UPT Puskesmas Rantang Medan Tahun 2021.
Design and Synthesis of Sulindac New Derivitives as Possible Mutual Prodrug with Potential to Maximized Therapeutic Area
Authors: Hussein Mubarak Ahmed Kareem , Radhi Alhasnaway Ahmed Wheed , Al-zubaidy Haider F.S.
Published: June 2021

The urgent necessity today for development of anti cancer agent is crucial so highly dependent for searchingfor new anti neoplastic action ,the drug discovery process is costly and consume long time ,in my studyfocusing my efforts toward drug optimization process using sulindac (NSAID) which has a fantasticattractive area as anti cancer and anticancer in addition to it is anti inflammatory action .The study describes design and synthesis of mutual pro-drug of sulindac in combination with thenaturalanti oxidants (menthol ,thymol ,vanillin,guiacol) as a single integral pharmaceutical unit byan chloro acetylchlorideas spacer to form an ester mutual prodrug with expected to improve the anti inflammatory ,anticancer , antioxidant action of sulindac by the conjugation with natural anti oxidative integral moiety andminimized the ulcerogenic adverse effect of sulindacit is carboxylic acid functionality .The synthesis isconferred byH1NMR, FT-IR, CHN and physiochemical properties.
Antibacterial Activity Test of Jatropha multifida L. sap against Staphylococcus aureus and Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in vitro
Authors: Setyo Putri Anastassya Yuniar , Purwanta Marijam , Indiastuti DantiNur , Kawilarang Arthur Pohan
Published: June 2021

Background: Jatropha multifida L. is a plant that commonly used as a traditional treatment espesciallyfor wounds. It has been proven that its sap had an antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus.Staphylococcus aureus has developed resistant strains named MRSA (Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcusaureus). Due to this resistance development, hopefully the sap of Jatropha multifida L. can also performedits antibacterial activity against MRSA. Objective: To determine the antibacterial activity of the sap ofJatropha multifida L. against Staphylococcus aureus and MRSA. Methods: A well-diffusion method wasperformed on several concentration: 100%, 50%, 25%, 12.5%, and 6.25%. From this method, the diameterof the inhibition zone produced by the sap was measured. Results: The average of inhibition zone diameterwere 11.29 - 16.00 mm for Staphylococcus aureus and the bigger zone 12.15 - 17.61 mm for MRSA.Conclusion:Jatropha multifida L. had antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and MRSA. Thisplant showed higher antibacterial activity on MRSA than Staphylococcus aureus.
Development of Information System-Based Policy for COVID-19 Affected Students in the Semi-Arid Area of Indonesia
Authors: Adu Apris A. , Toy Sarci M. , Christa Wijaya R. Pasifikus , Kiling Indra Yohanes
Published: June 2021

This study aimed to provide an overview of the diet of students during the COVID-19 pandemic, socioeconomicstatus, the physical activities undertook the practiced COVID-19 prevention behavior, and student health.The sample size obtained was 253 participants, who were new students for the 2020/2021 academic year.Structural equation modeling was used for statistical analysis. Students could access nutritious food, but itwas not followed by regular daily exercise. Students were also found to have good COVID-19 preventionbehavior, for example using masks, washing hands, and coughing and sneezing etiquette, but only 41% ofstudents had sufficient rest or sleep.Students have a good level of health, despite lacking physical activities.COVID-19 preventive behavior and socioeconomic status indirectly had an impact on student health. Theright policies are necessary to improve student health.
Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) and Hypertension Prevention
Authors: Sukohar Asep , Suharmanto
Published: June 2021

Background: Hypertension is still high in morbidity and mortality in the world and Indonesia. The numberof people with hypertension is increasing every year. Aim: This review summarizes the Theory of PlannedBehavior (TPB) in the prevention of hypertension. Materials and Method: The literature search wascarried out in February 2021 on the PubMed database using the keywords “theory of planned behavior”,“prevention” and “hypertension”. The articles used are the articles of the last 10 years (from 2011-2020).The search found 30 articles and 8 articles that fit the criteria were discussed. The number of respondents inthis study was between 25-306 with a total of 1,331 people. The questionnaire was used in the study for datacollection. Results: Respondents are students, adolescents, residents, and communities from Iran, Thailand,and USA. TPB provides benefits in an educational program for people who are at risk of hypertension.Subjective norms, perceived behavioral control (PBC), intention increased hypertension prevention.Conclusion: TPB-based interventions are effective for hypertension prevention. All TPB constructs playan important role in hypertension prevention. The TPB model is still feasible and relevant for assessinghypertension prevention behavior.
Efficacy of Five Organic Acids Combination on T2- Mycotoxicosis in Rats
Authors: Ammar A. Fadhil  , Suhair Hassan Alkutbi  , Eman S. Nassir
Published: June 2021

Mycotoxins are secondary by-products of mold metabolism and are accountable for human and animal mycotoxicosis. The most serious trichothecenic mycotoxin is the fungal T-2 mycotoxin. T-2 mycotoxin impaired nutrient absorption, metabolism, and then, eliciting severe oxidoreductive stress. Diet plays a key role beyond the supply of nutrients in order to promote animal and human health. Organic acids have been commonly used to exert antioxidative stress capacity in the liver and gut ecosystem. This study is planned to explore, the competence of using (X-MoldCid®) during chronic T-2 mycotoxicosis course in rat. Rats were allocated into 4 main groups, (CN-Gr), negative control and was allowed for the free access to the normal rats chow and the tap water for 90 days. (OAC-Gr), which was assigned as the organic acids positive control and was allowed for the free access to normal rat chow and (X-MoldCid®) in the tap water for 90 days .Group 3 or (T2-Gr) and was given the T2 contaminated chow ad libitum and group 4 (T2+OAC-Gr) .Each one of the four groups was subdivided into two subgroups (n=7) that one was sacrificed on day 45 (Subgroup A) meantime the remaining rats (Subgroup B) maintained until finishing of the entire study period (90 days). In T2 intoxicated group, liver histopathological findings revealed, lesions of reversible types (hydropic and fatty degenerations) while intestinal histopathological findings revealed, lesions of hyperactive goblet cells with sever slaughing of epithelia. In T2+OAC-Gr, the ultimate efficacy of organic acids success in limiting the apoptotic activity and preventing hepatic necroinflammatory changes which were in accordance with the improvement of antioxidative status, liver and intestinal function enzymes and other serum biochemical estimated tests. The total results of this study have been clarified the regenerative and antioxidant potentials of (X-MoldCid®) in coping with T2-toxin mediated intestinal lesions and hepatotoxicityin rats.
Antiplatelet therapy in Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Bakhromkhon Aniskhonovich Alyavi  , ,  Kamilovich Uzokov  , OminaYusupqizi Mukhitdinova
Published: June 2021

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Platelets play crucial role for the development of thrombus in the atherosclerotic narrowed arteries. This review article summarizes modern antiplatelet therapies particularly, aspirin and clopidogrel in coronary artery disease, platelet aggregation, possible risk factors, their mechanism of action and pharmacological properties. In addition, it provides up to date information regarding acetyl salicylic acid - aspirin and representative of the thienopyridine – clopidogrel and their role in patients with CAD.
The Effectiveness of the Blended Education Strategy in Learning the Skills of Rolling and Suppression Football for Students
Authors: Abbas Abdulhamza Kadhem  , Khalil Hamid Mohammed Ali  , Ahmed Sekeb Gaeed
Published: June 2021

The world has witnessed a development in all areas of the educational process and physical education is one of these areas and the fact of its effect on the body has been based on different sciences, whether in terms of physical-skills-health-psychological, to reach the high level of performance, hence the importance of research in The use of educational units based on the blended learning strategy to learn the technical performance of my skills (rolling, Suppression) in football, using the scientific foundations and good investment of the content of the material concerned with the study.The research aims to, identify the effect of blended education strategy on learning to perform the skills of rolling and Suppression football. To achieve this goal, the researcher used the experimental method by designing the two equal groups, and the research community was determined by the students of the first stage of the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences - Karbala University for the 2017-2018 academic year and their number (141 / students). The researcher chose a lottery (30 / students) by (15 students) for each group of the two research groups (experimental and control).And after processing the data statistically, the researcher reached several conclusions ,the two research groups achieved an improvement in the study variables, but with varying proportions, and the results indicated the superiority of the members of the experimental group that used the mixed education strategy in comparison with the method used in the studied variables.
Study of Biological Indicators and Biochemical Changes Related to Gallstones Formation in Patients in Kirkuk City
Authors: Chrow Ahmed Khurshid  , Amera Kamal Mohammed
Published: June 2021

The study included (29) patients with gallstones who were visiting the New Kirkuk Hospital and whose condition was confirmed by conducting pathological examinations and ultrasound examination (sonar) in comparison to (29) healthy subjects.This study aimed on estimating of some chemical variables in blood serum, including measurement of total Bilirubin, direct and indirect Bilirubin. In addition, measuring the activities of Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST/GOT) and Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT/GPT), blood sugar, in relation to the percentage of patients consuming soft drinks, and the state of intestines and stool samples in both male and female for different age groups.A comparison was made between patients with gallstones and was confirmed to have jaundice and patients with gallstones who did not develop jaundice. A significant increase in blood sugar, the levels of total Bilirubin, direct and indirect Bilirubin, Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST/GOT) and Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT/GPT) was observed regardless to the patient’s gender, rate of soft drink consumption, and the bowel condition didn’t have effect in forming gallstone in comparison to healthy subjects.Comparison between patients with gallstones and healthy people has revealed the presence of significant differences in the bowel condition between two groups. Very high levels of total Bilirubin, direct and indirect Bilirubin, Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST/GOT) and Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT/GPT) in patients with lethargy of the intestine and indigestion. However, there were no significant differences in the percentage of blood sugar or the amount of soft drinks consumed between two groups. Gender has no effect on the results obtained.
Evaluation of Serum Level of Cystatin C and Fetuin A in Patients with Chronic Renal Failure
Authors: Marwa Nabeel Hameed  , Khudhair A. Khudhair  , Yasir I. abbas
Published: June 2021

The study found that, serum fetuin-A was significantly reduced in CKD patients before dialysis (19.07±4.24 ng/ml) as compared with healthy individuals (22.5±5.94 ng/ml), P<0.01 and in CKD patients after dialysis (19.74±4.25 ng/ml) as compared with healthy individuals. The study found that, serum cystatin C was significantly reduced in CKD patients before dialysis (12.95±1.54 ng/ml) as compared with healthy individuals (8.16±2.37 ng/ml), P<0.01 and in CKD patients after dialysis (12.39±1.66 ng/ml) as compared with healthy individuals. The study showed a significant negative correlation between CKD patients before dialysis and after dialysis regarding cystatine C (r: -0.37). The study found that, blood urea was significantly increased in CKD patients before dialysis (164.3±30.1 mg/dl) as compared with healthy individuals (24.9±3.7 mg/dl), P<0.01 and in CKD patients after (76.1±29.2 mg/dl) as compared with healthy individuals and there was a significant difference in B. urea between CKD patients before and after dialysis (P<0.01). The study also indicated that S. creatinine was significantly increased in CKD patients before dialysis (5.61±1.99 mg/dl) followed by patients after dialysis (3.43±1.47 mg/dl) as compared with healthy individuals (0.57±0.24 mg/dl) (P<0.01). The study showed a significant negative correlation between of Fetuin-A level with B. urea, S. creatinine and S. cysteine in CKD patients before dialysis and after dialysis
The Effect of Pulmonary Ventilation Exercises and Some Respiratory Indicators in the Preparation for Olympic Lift and Achievement for Advanced Lifters
Authors: Hayder Jabbar Abd
Published: June 2021

The research aims to identify the effect of pulmonary ventilation exercises and some respiratory indicators on the preparation of the Olympic jacks and achievement for the advanced fourths, so the experimental approach was adopted to treat the research problem, the research sample was intentionally chosen from (20) different players, they were divided into two experimental and control groups using the method of random division.(1) The homogeneity and equivalence processes were performed to initiate one point for the data of the two research samples, after taking pre-measurements for them (height, age, ve. Vs. vo2 max), a training approach was designed to develop pulmonary ventilation and know its effect on other research variables, and the results of the tribal arithmetic media were compared And the dimensionality of the two groups and treating them statistically, as the most important conclusions were reached which are the void filling when inhaling and holding the breath with the need to take adequate inhalation at a rate of (RR10) inhalation and exhalation operations before lifting that lead to the best achievement. .(2)
Mindfulness and its Contribution to the Performance of the Frontal Pronation Skill on the Horizontal Bar of Gymnastics for Students
Authors: Zaid Sami Yasir  , Yassin Alowan Ismail
Published: June 2021

The study aimed to identify the level of mental alertness and the numerical values of the results of the performance of the frontal pronation skill on the mind apparatus of the gymnastics of the students, and to identify the percentage of the contribution of the mindfulness to the performance of the front pronation skill on the mind apparatus of the gymnastics of the students, the descriptive approach in the method of relational relations was adopted on a sample of (82) students deliberately chosen (89.13%) from their community represented by the third stage students in the Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences at the College of Basic Education / Al-Mustansiriyah University who are continuing in the official working hours for the academic year (2020/2021), in addition, the specialized mental alertness scale was approved by students of faculties and departments of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, and a video recording to test students’ performance of the frontal pronation skill on the barbell device in your gymnastics, and the researchers applied these two tools to the sample and process its results with the (SPSS) system to be the extracts and applications in that the third stage students in the Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences in the College of Basic Education need to improve the level of mental alertness and improve the level of their performance of the frontal pronation skill on their horizontal bar, mindfulness is positively related, contributes, and influences the improvement of their performance level for this skill, and it is necessary to intensify efforts between teachers of gymnastics and specialists in sports psychology and their cooperation in support of raising the level of mental alertness according to scientific, non-improvisational foundations because of its important role in improving the performance of the frontal pronation skill on horizontal bar device.
A Cross Sectional Study to Evaluate The Existence of Drop in “Core Body Temperature” of Afebrile Arabic Iraqi Citizens Who are Living Inside Iraq, Applied Study in Private Clinic in Baghdad – Iraq
Authors: Ali Mohammed Fadhil  , Kadom Yousif Jawad
Published: June 2021

Background: Normal average core body temperature had been established at 37 ºC since nineteenth century. However, recently many researchers point to a decrease in the average normal human body temperature, bellow this level, in certain communities.Methodology: A cross sectional study involved 504 individuals been conducted in private clinics, in Baghdad - Iraq, over period extended from 7 \ 11 \ 2020 - 30 \ 12 \ 2020.Objective: to show if there is a drop in human core body temperature in Iraq or not.Results: human core body temperature drop, in Iraq, bellow standard levels.
The Effect of Intense Match-Speed Exercises on Some Special Physical Abilities and Skills of Volleyball Players
Authors: Marwa Hussein Hasan  , Huda Badwi Shbeeb
Published: June 2021

Each of the sports has special requirements for female athletes to practice sporting activity, and these requirements develop through training based on scientific foundations to improve the level of physical and skill, and through the experience of researchers in the field of volleyball, they noticed weakness in the skills of serving and crushing during the match, in addition to that, the use of standardized physical exercises according to exercises strongly match the speed of the game during training performance and work in resistance training and according to the components of the training load, and the training is performed in high-intensity doses and develops the level of physical abilities and functional indicators, the aim of the research was to prepare exercises strongly match speed of the game for volleyball players, as well as to identify the effect of exercises strongly match speed of the game on some special physical abilities and on some skill abilities of volleyball players, and the researchers used the experimental approach in the pre and post-test of one experimental group, the research community was identified for the volleyball players for the training season 2020-2021, which numbered (12) players for one experimental group. Strong match speed exercises were applied to the research sample for a period of eight weeks with three training units per week. The SPSS statistical bag was used to process the data and obtain the results, including I found the importance of intense match-speed exercises, a positive effect on some special physical abilities and skills of volleyball players.
Role of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Techniques and Protocols in Diagnosis and Staging of the Urinary Bladder Carcinoma in Comparison with Histopathological Findings
Authors: Raad owaid jassim  , Haider Qasim Hamood  , Hussein Hasan Nsaif
Published: June 2021

Background: Bladder cancer is the second most common type of cancer of the urinary system in the world, after prostate cancer. Thus, we use a combination of the best imaging technology in the diagnosis and treatment of bladder cancer, because of its accuracy in local staging and grading .Aim of The Study: To determine the accuracy and effectivity of MRI in early detection and diagnosis of bladder carcinoma by using different protocols and to Compare the sensitivity of MRI in staging of urinary bladder carcinoma with histopathological findings.Patients and Method: : A prospective case control study was conducted in an oncology teaching hospital /the complex of Baghdad medical city. This study involved 41 suspected patient (35male &6 female). The participants ranged from (31–83 years) throughout the period of from September 2020 to January 2021.Patients who were referred for examination and diagnosis due to pelvic pain and hematuria, or who had been suspected of having bladder cancer by ultrasound were included in the study and were evaluated by the MRI performed with an MRI scanner (1.5 Tesla ,Siemens).Results: : the study included 41 patients with bladder cancer, mean age was 64.8 years ranging from (31-83 years), about 31.7% was in 61 – 70 years, and about 24.4 was in 71–80 years, 85.4% were males, and 97.6% were smokers.82.9% with chronic renal disease( UTI ),56.1% with heterogeneous enhancement & 39% with homogenous enhancement ,4.9% non-enhanced. 38 patients with symptom of hematuria, the lesion location according to the its site in the bladder wall was 34.1% in the lateral wall,24.4% in the posterior wall. The stages of T-primary tumor in MRI common protocols was(Tis=12% ,Tia=10% ,T1=17% ,T2=18% ,T3=28% ,T4=15% ) .the accuracy and sensitivity for early stages (Tis,Ta,T1.&T2) in conventional MRI protocols)T1WI,T2WI) was Inconclusive in the diagnosis of bladder carcinoma accuracy ranging (44% – 57%) & sensitivity ranging (50% – 75%),while in both advance MRI modalities) DCE &DWI) had specificity for diagnosing stage bladder CA with DWI offering slightly higher sensitivity (SN) , negative predictive values (NPV ), positive predictive value (PPV) , and accuracy (SN: 100% vs. 100%, SP: 50% for DCE &100% for DWI, accuracy: 97.6% vs 100%, PPV: 97.5% vs. 100%, and NPV: 100% vs.100%).
Technical Accuracy and Efficiency of Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Evaluation of Uterine Masses in Comparison with Ultrasound
Authors: Abd-Aljabbar Hind Moafak , Haider Qasim Hamood  , Hussein Hasan Nsaif
Published: June 2021

Aim of the Study: comparing accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of the magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasound in differentiating and characterizing of uterine masses.Patients and Method: A prospectively studied has been conducted on 41 female patients with suspected uterine masses. They were subjected to ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination. Comparison has been performed between modalities to detect and characterize all masses. Statistical parameters that include the specificity, sensitivity, accuracy and positive and negative predictive value have been estimated for the two modalities in all of the uterine masses.Results: Among 41 female patients, majority were diagnosed as leiomyoma 28 (68%), cervical cancer 1 (2%), adenomyosis 7 (17%), endometrial polyp 2 (5%), endometrial carcinoma 2 (5%) and normal 1 patient (2%). Totally 3 (i.e. 7%) patients have been found malignant while 37 (i.e. 93%) have been found benign. For detection of myometrial mass (leiomyoma), the sensitivity between the ultrasound and MRI is 100%, accuracy was (ultrasound: 92% and MRI: 100%). In the classification of myometrial mass (i.e. leiomyoma) site, sensitivity between the ultrasound and MRI has been 21% and 92% respectively and specificity was (ultrasound: 0 and MRI: 100%). All intramural and subserosal lesions are seen in MRI. For picking up degeneration within the leiomyoma MRI are more useful. There have been considerable differences in the diagnosis of the adenomyosis by the MRI in comparison with ultrasound with sensitivity was (MRI: 100% and ultrasound: 71%), and specificity for both was 100%, whereas accuracy was 75% for ultrasound and 100% for MRI. In the detection of the endometrial carcinoma, the MRI has achieved 100% sensitivity and 50% specificity whereas ultrasound had zero sensitivity and specificity was 50%. Among two cases of endometrial polyp, one patient is diagnosed correctly by ultrasound & MRI, the sensitivity for both was 50% and accuracy was (ultrasound: 50% and MRI: 75%). MRI and ultrasound was correctly diagnosis of one patient with cervical cancer with sensitivity and accuracy 100%.
Evaluation of Third Degree Football Referees’ Health Behaviors at the Referees’ Football Training Centre in Baghdad City
Authors: Mohammed Hamzah Mahdi  , Mohammed F. Khalifa
Published: June 2021

Objective(s): The present study aims at evaluating third degree football referees’ Health behaviors at the Football Referee Training Centre in Baghdad City.Methodology: Quasi-experimental design, using one group test-retest approach, is carried throughout the present study for the period of October 25th 2019 through March 10th 2021.Non-probability, convenient sample of (40) third degree football referee while they are attending the Referees’ Football Training Centre for the purpose of training. All subjects who have agreed to participate in the study have signed consent form for maintenance of their confidentiality and ethical considerations. Self-report questionnaire is constructed out of the program for the purpose of the study. Such instrument is comprised of two parts; part I: Socio-demographic Information which include age, education, body mass index (BMI) and socioeconomic status (SES) and part II: Third Degree Football Referees’ Health Behaviors Scale that measures the third degree referees’ health behaviors. It is comprised of (4) sections that include body care and general health, smoking, drinking and drug use, psychosocial well-being and abusive behaviors. Content validity of the questionnaire is determined through panel of experts and test-retest reliability for equivalence is obtained throughout a pilot study.Results: Results of the study depict that third degree football referees have experienced positive health behaviors with respect to studied aspects. Further, there is no significant relationship between their health behaviors and the socio-demographic characteristics of age, education, body mass index and socioeconomic status.Conclusion: The study concludes that the third degree football referees’ health behaviors are improving as far as they are involved in the referees training center.
Assessment of Nurse’s Knowledge toward Common Mistakes in Blood Pressure Measurement at Baghdad Teaching Hospital
Authors: Saad Abdul-Ridh Jissir
Published: June 2021

The study aims to assess the nurse’s knowledge toward common mistakes in blood pressure measurement, and to find out the relationship between nurse’s knowledge toward common mistakes in blood Pressure measurement and demographic characteristics . An quantitative descriptive design has been used for this study. The study starting during the period between the Nov.30, 2019 to May.30. 2020. Purposive sampling technique was selected. The sample consisted of (60) nurses. The study instrument was composed two parts: The first part is concerned with the demographic characteristics, and the second part includes nurses’ knowledge. Content validity of the instrument was established through panels of (10) experts. Results have analyzed through the use of SPSS ‘’Statistical Package for Social Sciences’’ model 24.0 by using descriptive and inferential statistical method. Finding of the present study revealed that the overall, nurse’s knowledge was poor , false nurse’s knowledge include13 domains of 14 domains, female nurses had more knowledge in most domains than male, the age range (28-37) has more knowledge, majority of nurse’s knowledge were associated with high education level, years of experience rang(6-10), and nurses who work at CCU unit had more knowledge toward common mistakes in blood pressure measurement.
Effectiveness of A Coping Style- related Instructional program on Self - Care of Patients with Diabetes Mellitus Type II at Endocrinology and Diabetes Center in Al-Basra City
Authors: Rajaa Ibrahim Abed  , Saja’  Kareem Jassim
Published: June 2021

Methodology: A descriptive analytic (quasi – experimental) design. Sample composed of (60) patients were divided into two groups study and control group, (30) patients in each one. Results: The study findings Shows that participants’ age group at a level (46-65 years) were (67.7%) of the study group, and (56.7%) of the control group. (56.7%) of the study group were male, while (53.3%) of the control groups were female. The study also confirms that the effectiveness of a Coping style related instructional program on Self - Care of Patients with Diabetes Mellitus Type II at Endocrinology and Diabetes Center in Al-Basra City, Iraq.Conclusion : The study concludes that A coping style-related instructional program is effective to enhance diabetes patients’ self-care activities, knowledge, and coping style among patients with T2DM. This conclusion is based on the result of our study that reveals significant differences between pre-intervention and post-intervention. Recommendations: Improve knowledge and self-care activities of patients with T2DM, by using our study guidelines.. Encourage the health care provider to improve diabetic patients’ self-care activities and focusing on all domain aspects of self-care.
Effectiveness of an Educational Program on Nursing Staff Knowledge towards Priorities of Responsibilities at Emergency Unit in Imam Al-Hussein Medical City in Holly Karballah Governorate
Authors: Mohammed B. Nadheer  , Widad K. Mohammed
Published: June 2021

The study aims to determine the effectiveness of an education program on nursing staff knowledge toward priorities of responsibilities and to identify the association between nursing staff knowledge and demographic characteristics of (age, gender, education level and year of experiences). A pre-experimental design (one group pre-test –post-test design) has been used. The study has been carried out at Emergency Unit in Imam Al-Hussein Medical City in Holly Karballah Governorate at the period from (26th of September, 2020 to 18th of April, 2021) on a non-probability (purposive) sample consisting of (28 nurses) who work in the emergency unit . A questionnaire was built as a data collection tool and consisted of two parts: First part: The demographic characteristics of the nursing staff (age, gender, level of education, years of experience in hospital, years of experience in emergency and level of education, and second part includes : Knowledge of Nursing Staff about Priorities of Responsibilities at Emergency Unit ,and consist of four domain. The validity of content of program and the study instruments were determined through a panel of (11) experts. The data analyzed by using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25 application of statistical analysis system .The study findings revealed that nursing staffs’ knowledge regards Priorities of Responsibilities at Emergency Unit before application of the program was poor with a statistical mean equal to( 1.28) and after implementing the educational program became good with a statistical mean equal to (1.78). The study show that there is a positive effect of the educational program on the nursing staff’s knowledge, where p-value was (0.000) in two periods of measurements (pre-test and post-test). The study recommended the necessity of improving the knowledge of the nursing staff regarding the priorities of their responsibilities in the emergency unit by the activation of continuing medical education in correctly .
Creation of Cervical Cancer Risk Factor Score Card in order to Know the Risk Score for Cervical Cancer in Women of Reproductive Age by Conducting Self-Assessment
Authors: A’im Matun Nadhiroh  , Budi Santoso  , Suhatno  , Windhu Purnomo  , Heru Santoso Wahito Nugroho
Published: June 2021

Introduction: Cervical cancer is the second most common malignancy among various cancers in the genetalia of women, and often occurs at reproductive age. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to create a cervical cancer risk factor score card in order to know the risk score for cervical cancer in women of reproductive age by conducting self-assessment. Methods: The design of this research was cross-sectional, with 81 patients as respondents. Data were collected through filling out a questionnaire, then analyzed using Mc Nemar Test and ROC curve. Findings: Obtained a cut-off point 11 with a sensitivity value of 93.8%, a specificity of 90.9%. The results of testing the validity of the score card obtained results with an accuracy value of 92.6%, with a significant value of 0.000, which means there was a relationship between the scorecard and the diagnosis of cervical cancer. Conclusion: The score card can be used as a self-assessment in the hope that it can increase women to perform early detection of cervical cancer.
The Development and Psychometric Properties of Geriatric Existential Anxiety Scale
Authors: Hemin Saadati  , Bahman Bahmani
Published: June 2021

Objective: The elderly is now struggling with various existential dimensions because they went through difficult life experiences. Due to the absence of any special tool to evaluate the dimensions of existential anxiety in the elderly, this study is aimed to develop a tool to study the dimensions of existential anxiety in the elderly and analyze its factors.Method: This research is a descriptive study, and its statistical population consists of the elderly (men and women) who are 60 years old and above and living in Tehran. In this study, 350 elderly people (male and female) were selected from this population using the multi-stage cluster sampling method. The research tools included the Existence Anxiety Scale, Beck Anxiety Inventory, Beck Depression Inventory, Psychological Flexibility Questionnaire, and Anxiety about Aging scale. The methods of exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis, criterion validity, and convergent validity and divergent validity were used to evaluate the validity of the scale. And its reliability was assessed by two methods of internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha) and stability of results (retest) with an interval of two weeks.Results: The exploratory factor analysis with the principal component analysis method and Varimax rotation has led to the extraction of 4 factors. The indicators of confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the existence of the four factors. It has indicated the acceptable correlations between the scale of Anxiety about Aging and its components with other valid parallel tools of criterion validity, convergent validity, and divergent validity of the scale. The reliability coefficients were obtained by the Cronbach’s alpha method and the retest reliability gained at a satisfactory level. Conclusion: The Anxiety about Aging scale is a valid and reliable self-assessment tool to evaluate the level of existential anxiety and its dimensions in the elderly, and it can be used for future activities and researches.
CBCT-3D Anthropometric Measurement of Mandibular Bone to Sex Determination in Surabaya Indonesia : a Pilot Study
Authors: Kristanto Riki , Astuti Eha Renwi , Utomo Daniel Haryono , Amiatun Ruth Mieke Sylvia Margaretha
Published: June 2021

Background : Identification of personal is one of important aspects in forensic odontology, because it is oneof the core aspect of forensic science. The one methode of sex determination is measurement of mandibular.The mandibular is a largest and most powerful facial bone in the skull, which is generally resistant topostmortem damage and an important source for personal identification. Previous studies have studiedgender and age prediction using CBCT reconstructive images in a different picture.The objective of thisstudy is to determine the sex determination of os.mandibular using CBCT anthropometric measurements.Materials and Methods : This study involved twenty subjects (10 male and 10 female) with age groupbetween 20 and 35 years. CBCT scans were performed on all subjects, and the data obtained is reconstructedfor 3D viewing. After getting a 3D CBCT scan, measurements were taken on six parameters.Results : The differential mean of male and female is 1,7 mm (Ramus-L), 2,1 mm (Con-Cor), 6,9 mm(BG-Br), 7,3 mm (BIC-Br), 3,5 mm (BH 1st molar) dan 3,8 mm (BH canine). The collected data wereanalyzed using SPSS statistical with Independent T-Test and Logistic Regression test and also DiscrimantFunction. The results showed that of the six parameters, BG-Br and BIC-Br showed 0,0 (P<0,05) statisticallysignificant differences, with the accuracy of the prediction of gender determination on BIC-Br 70% for maleand 80% for female and the overall BG-Br yield of 80% to both group.Conclusion : Sex determination using mandibular with 3D imaging methods can be used and helps in sexdetermination with 80% accuracy.
Comparative Study of the Effect of Lipo-6-Black and Caffeine on the Fertility of Male Albino Rats
Authors: Mahmood Yasameen Shaker , Haba Mukhtar Khamis
Published: June 2021

This study was conducted to find out the effect of different doses of Lipo-6-black fat burner and Caffeine onthe physiology of parts of the reproductive system of white male rats. The experiment included administeringthe Lipo-6-black fat burner to male white rats orally at concentrations (16.82, 8.41 and 4.20). Mg / kg)for 3-6weeks , and also giving Caffeine orally, which is considered one of the main components of the fat burnerat concentrations (11.42, 5.71, and 2.85 mg / kg) for a period of 3-6 weeks for each concentration. Thestudy recorded the presence of weight changes of testis in addition to physiological changes, as it includedthe results of the first experiment were a decrease in in the weights of the testis and the levels of hormones(Testosterone, LH, FSH) at the middle and end of the experiment. As for the results of the second experiment,, changes in the weight of the testis , and an increase in the hormone levels themselves were observed at Themiddle of the experiment, while at the end of the experiment, no effect on hormones was shown.