bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Unusual case of left atrial myxoma with gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma
Authors: Singh Narinder Pal , Nagpal Swapan Deep Singh , Goel Arun Kumar , Dhingra Bhupendra Kr
Published: January 2018

Cardiac myxomas are rare tumors. Esophageal adenocarcinomas are common tumors of the gastrointestinal tract. Simultaneous occurrence of these tumors has not been reported. A 52-year-old gentleman presented to our hospital with dysphagia and was diagnosed with esophageal adenocarcinoma. Routine echocardiography discovered a cardiac tumor in the left atrium. The cardiac tumor was surgically removed and biopsy confirmed a myxoma. We removed the cardiac tumor as the first step and then initiated neoadjuvant chemotherapy. It is ideal to constitute a multidisciplinary team to decide on the course of treatment in such cases.
‘Politics done like science’: Critical perspectives on psychological governance and the experimental state
Authors: Jones Rhys , Whitehead Mark
Published: January 2018

There has been a growing academic recognition of the increasing significance of psychologically – and behaviourally – informed modes of governance in recent years in a variety of different states. We contend that this academic research has neglected one important theme, namely the growing use of experiments as a way of developing and testing novel policies. Drawing on extensive qualitative and documentary research, this paper develops critical perspectives on the impacts of the psychological sciences on public policy, and considers more broadly the changing experimental form of modern states. The tendency for emerging forms of experimental governance to be predicated on very narrow, socially disempowering, visions of experimental knowledge production is critiqued. We delineate how psychological governance and emerging forms of experimental subjectivity have the potential to enable more empowering and progressive state forms and subjectivities to emerge through more open and collective forms of experimentation.
How Do Legislators Assess Administrative Performance? Georgia’s Department of Transportation in the Eyes of the State’s Legislators
Authors: Thomas John Clayton , Su Min , Poister Theodore H.
Published: January 2018

State legislatures and their member legislators serve as important overseers to state administrative departments, charged to function as principals relative to departmental agents. Yet, we know relatively little about how legislators assess the performance of those departments. This research is designed to improve that knowledge through an exploratory analysis of how and why legislators in one state assess the performance of a large state government department. Using data from a survey of Georgia state legislators, the article explores legislator evaluations of the state’s Department of Transportation (GDOT) and the factors that may underlie those evaluations. The findings suggest that legislators assess administrative performance on three principal dimensions: (a) administrative service to individual legislators, (b) assistance to the legislature as a whole, and (c) performance in meeting the state’s transportation needs. Those assessments appear to be shaped by legislator perceptions of (a) personal interactions with the department and (b) the quality of specific GDOT products and services. These and earlier findings suggest that the focus of public performance measurement systems might be broadened to include measures of personal treatment by administrative agencies in addition to traditional objective service outcome measures.
Associations of the lipid genetic variants Thr54 (FABP2) and -493T (MTTP) with total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in Mexican subjects
Authors: Gonzalez-Becerra Karina , Ramos-Lopez Omar , Garcia-Cazarin Mary Lolis , Barron-Cabrera Elisa , Panduro Arturo , Martinez-Lopez Erika
Published: January 2018

Objective

Mexico has one of the world’s highest rates of obesity, which is influenced by lipid-genetic and lifestyle factors. This study aimed to determine whether FABP2 (Ala54Thr) and MTTP (-493 G/T) genetic polymorphisms are associated with metabolic disorders in Mexican subjects.

Methods

A total of 523 subjects participated in a cross-sectional study. Genotyping for FABP2 and MTTP was performed using real-time RT-PCR. Biochemical and anthropometric data were evaluated.

Results

The genetically at-risk group (Thr54/-493T) was associated with significantly higher total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels (difference between genetically at-risk group and wild-type group: 10.6 mg/dL and 8.94 mg/dL, respectively). Carriers within the genetically at-risk group had a significantly higher prevalence rate of hypercholesterolaemia (42.5% vs. 32.0%) and higher LDL-C levels (37.6% vs. 26.4%) than did non-carriers.

Conclusions

Subjects who are genetically at risk (Thr54/-493T) have higher total cholesterol levels, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, and prevalence rate of hypercholesterolaemia. These findings highlight the importance of basing nutritional intervention strategies for preventing and treating chronic diseases on individual genetic characteristics.
The Identity and Positions of Relief Fragments in Museums and Private Collections: The Reliefs of R'-ḥtp and NFRT from Meydum
Authors: Harpur Yvonne
Published: January 2018

The tomb of R'-ḥtp and Nfrt was cleared by Mariette in the 1870s but its reliefs were not recorded systematically until 1892, as a result of Petrie's work at Meydum. After both expeditions the chapels of R'-ḥtp and Nfrt were badly vandalized, and although Petrie managed to save some of the reliefs by distributing them to various museums, many others were broken, or sold on the black market as unidentified fragments. This paper is an attempt to reconstruct the reliefs from both chapels by superimposing the outlines of fragments so far identified over the line-drawings made by Petrie. It is hoped that this will reveal the content of the missing sections, and simplify the task of identifying additional fragments removed from this important Old Kingdom tomb.
The Monuments Recorded by Alice Lieder in the ‘Temple of Vulcan’ at Memphis in may 1853
Authors: Malek Jaromir
Published: January 2018

Alice Lieder, the wife of the Revd J. R. T. Lieder, visited Memphis, and made squeezes of the inscriptions on thirteen statues lying there, in May 1853. Most of the sculptures had been found by Hekekyan in 1852. They included a fragment of a statue of Ramesses III, and one of a colossus of Ramesses VI, a statue of the vizier Paser, a statue of Khaemwese, and a standard-bearing statue of Ramesses II. The previous identifications of the last as Ramesses VI or VII are disputed. The discovery of several statues dated to the reign of Psammetichus I near the Abû'l-ḥôl colossus suggests the presence of an early Saite gateway in the area of the Ramessid southern entrance to the temple of Ptah, and thus corresponds to the accounts of building activities of Psammetichus I by Herodotus and Diodorus.
Ahmes Satamon Once Again
Authors: Delden C. Blankenberg-Van
Published: January 2018

The statue of a New Kingdom princess at Karnak bears the names ‘God's Wife Satamon, beloved of Amon’ and ‘Princess Ahmes Satamon’. The author wonders whether these are two different princesses.
An Ancient Toponym for El-Shaghâmba
Authors: Snape S. R.
Published: January 2018

The author discusses the text on an alabaster vase bought at el-Shaghâmba in the Eastern Delta. A facsimile copy and photograph accompany a discussion of possible alternatives for the interpretation of a toponym found in the inscription, which is probably to be read Pȝ-'sbi.
Notes on Late Libyan Egypt
Authors: Spencer P. A. , Spencer A. J.
Published: January 2018

This article first publishes a small bronze shrine with inscriptions of the obscure king Thotemhat, British Museum EA 11015. The reading of the Horus-name of this ruler is corrected to Ḫ'-m-Wn(t). The article then considers the evidence for a Delta centre for the Twenty-Third Dynasty, and suggests that there is, as yet, no good reason to assume that this Dynasty ruled from Leontopolis as has been suggested. It is also proposed that the linking of Iuput II, mentioned on the stela of Piankhy, to this Dynasty may be erroneous.
Memphis 1985
Authors: Jeffreys D. G. , Malek J. , Smith H. S.
Published: January 2018

The survey of Memphis continued its excavation at Kôm Rabî‘a in the south-west quadrant of the Memphite ruin field, finding evidence of terracing up to the north and west and a substantial rebuilding of the central property not earlier than the reign of Tutankhamun. The Epigraphic Section began its survey of the Ptah temple with a study of the colossal limestone statue of Ramesses II at the south gate. Work proceeded at Saqqâra on publication of the Mother of Apis stelae from the Sacred Animal Necropolis, and on the ceramic collection from the Anubieion.
Remarques Sur Les Representations De La Peinture D'Hierakonpolis (Tombe N° 100)
Authors: Saleh Janine Monnet
Published: January 2018

Reconsideration of the Hierakonpolis Painted Tomb in the light of the author's recent study of the so-called ‘boats’ found on Gerzean pottery. It is argued that the similar representations in the tomb are also incomprehensible as boats but perfectly intelligible as temples. The diagnostic characteristic is an entrance between two huts, but the prototype of the sḥ-ntr naos hieroglyph is also identified. The main difference from the potteryȔthe absence of supporting ‘stilts’Ȕreflects the desert environment of Hierakonpolis. Comparative study suggests that the decorative repertoire of the pots is here enlarged and placed in a human context, in which warfare is a prime element. An association is also postulated between the triple-vaulted hut of the tomb and the wrmt tent used in the funerary rites of Old Kingdom pharaohs under the patronage of Horus and Seth. This and other motifs, such as ‘smiting’, confirm the status of the tomb owner and his links with the later pharaonic tradition.
A statue of Prehirwenmef, son of Ramesses II
Authors: Thomson James K.
Published: January 2018

Publication of an incomplete, unprovenanced, quartzite standing statue of Prehirwenmef, third son of Ramesses II, in the Burrell Collection, which supplements the numerous reliefs in which the prince is depicted, on temple walls at Thebes and in Nubia. The texts include two titles not otherwise recorded for him: ḥȝt mš' n nsw (possibly an early version of ḥȝwty n mš') and tp(y) n qnyw.
St Christopher and the Lunar Disc of Anubis
Authors: Millard Dom Bede
Published: January 2018

It is suggested, on the basis of close parallels in their roles, that the dog head with which St Christopher is depicted in Byzantine iconography derives from Anubis.
Some Remarks on Deer (Cervidae) in Ancient Egypt
Authors: Houlihan Patrick F.
Published: January 2018

The evidence for deer (Cervidae) in ancient Egypt is reviewed briefly. The question of whether deer ever existed in the wild as an element of the Egyptian fauna, or were only known from rare exotic imports, cannot be conclusively answered yet. It is quite likely, however, based upon the records of the Egyptians themselves, that deer were native, whether naturally occurring or introduced. While the identification of the species depicted as the Persian Fallow Deer (Dama dama mesopotamica) is probably correct, the Barbary Red Deer (Cervus elaphus) remains a possibility.
Corrections in the Identifications of the Alabaster Ibexes in Tutankhamun's Treasures
Authors: Osborn Dale J.
Published: January 2018

Observations made in European zoos lead to the conclusion that the facial markings on the ‘bleating ibex’ and the ibexes on the alabaster boat from Tutankhamun's tomb are representative of the wild bezoar goat or Syrian ibex, Capra aegagrus. Previous arguments that the markings represented those of the dorcas gazelle or an artist's confusion between facial patterns of domestic goats and gazelles are abandoned.
Ancient Egyptian Plant-Remains in the Manchester Museum
Authors: Germer Renate
Published: January 2018

This article provides a complete, analytical list, with provenance and date, of the plant-remains from ancient Egypt in the Manchester Museum.
Memphis 1986, 1987
Authors: Jeffreys D. G. , Malek J.
Published: January 2018

The Archaeological Section of the Survey of Memphis continued with its excavation at Kôm Rabî'a, intended to shed light on the movement of the River Nile and the development of the ‘early’ town. It also continued with resistivity-meter survey, and with the project of drill core sampling designed to investigate the underlying geological composition. The Epigraphic Section in 1987 began a complete survey of the neglected West Gate of the great Ptah Enclosure, with a view to copying and recording the mass of inscribed material there. In an effort to bring these interim reports more up to date, the work of two successive seasons is here presented in the one report.
The Largest Project for a Royal Tomb in the Valley of the Kings
Authors: Ventura Raphael
Published: January 2018

When Ramesses VI took over KV9 from his predecessor, he initiated a project to enlarge that tomb to unprecedented dimensions. In an attempt to complete its excavation in three years, a working plan was devised according to which each working team had to excavate 54 cubic cubits daily, 348 days per year. Because of unforeseen delays, a whole year's work was lost, and the quotas had to be recalculated. This information, which is extracted from P. Turin 1923 ‘verso’ + fragments, brings into focus new aspects of working procedures in the Ramesside community of workmen, and incidents which occurred during the early years of Ramesses VI:
A Protocol of Dress: The Royal and Private Fold of the Kilt
Authors: Simpson William Kelly
Published: January 2018

In statues of the Old Kingdom, the kilts of kings and courtiers are usually folded in opposite directions.
Two Corrections to P. Reisner IVt Sections F and G
Authors: Simpson William Kelly
Published: January 2018

An error in transcription and an error in grammatical interpretation corrected.
The Wives of Pinudjem II-a Topic for Discussion
Authors: Niwinski Andrzej
Published: January 2018

The allegedly indisputable point in the genealogy of the Twenty-first Dynasty that the High Priest Pinudjem II married first Nesikhons, and then, after Nesikhons's death in Year 5 of Siamun, Istemkheb is questioned. The point of departure is two sets ofcoffins prepared for Istemkheb. One was made about twenty years earlier than the other, although she is given the same titles on both coffins. During the lifetime of Istemkheb, at the beginning of Siamun's reign, Nesikhons appeared beside Pinudjem as his principal wife. A number of atypical decrees of Amun were issued for her, and she was buried in the usurped, earlier set of coffins of Istemkheb. The reconstruction of events proposed here involves a case of divorce between Pinudjem and Istemkheb, connected with a deprivation of the latter of all her honorary titles and privileges, in favour of Nesikhons. After the premature and suspicious death of young Nesikhons, Istemkheb apparently regained her position.
A Protective Measure at Abydos in the Thirteenth Dynasty
Authors: Leahy Anthony
Published: January 2018

A new edition of stela Cairo JE 35256, discovered at Abydos at the turn of the century, which records a royal edict usurped by Neferhotep I protecting a sacred area dedicated to Wepwawet. The original promulgator of the decree is identified as Khutawyre Ugaf, and it is argued that the area in question is the depression which runs from the Osiris temple to the Umm el-Qa'ab. This served as a processional route between the temple and the tomb of Djer, already identified as that of Osiris, and was threatened by tombs encroaching from the North Cemetery. The development of the cult of Osiris at Abydos is briefly traced, and the importance of the Thirteenth Dynasty in the process emphasised.
Walter Segal's Documentation of CG 51113, The Throne of Princess Sat-Amun
Authors: Eaton-Krauss M.
Published: January 2018

In 1935, the architect Walter Segal studied the ancient Egyptian chairs and stools in the collection of the Egyptian Museum, Cairo. Segal's record of CG 51113, including scale drawings, is here published with a brief commentary by the editor of his Egyptological papers.
A Word for ‘Causeway’ and the Location of ‘The Five Walls’
Authors: Frandsen Paul John
Published: January 2018

In a recent publication (Ventura, Living in a City of the Dead), it has been argued that the so-called five walls of the Turin Strike Papyrus be located to the south of Deir el-Medina. This paper reexamines the evidence and discusses alternative possibilities.
Takeloth II – a King of the ‘Theban Twenty-Third Dynasty’
Authors: Aston D. A.
Published: January 2018

The marriages of his offspring, his use of the epithet ntr-ḥqȝ-wȝst, and the absence of monuments attributable to him north of Thebes all imply that Takeloth II belongs to the ‘Theban Twenty-third Dynasty’ and not to the Twenty-second as usually assumed. Delta monuments with the prenomen ḥd-Ḫpr-r' stp-n-r' should now be assigned to Takeloth I. Genealogical evidence suggests that Takeloth II flourished c.825–800 rather than c.850–825, which makes him partly contemporary with Sheshonq III. The ‘gap’ thus created in the chronology of the Twenty-second Dynasty can be filled by allotting a longer reign, of 40–45 years, to Osorkon II. This seems required by the fact that several generations of official families, and five High Priests of Amun, are datable to his reign. The implications for the Theban civil war described in the Chronicle of Prince Osorkon are considered, and the identity of the latter with Osorkon III is asserted: if Takeloth II and Sheshonq III overlap, the lifespan required by the identification is significantly reduced.
Zwei Bemerkungen zu Gebel es-Silsila Nr. 100
Authors: Jansen-Winkeln Karl
Published: January 2018

The stela of Shoshenq I at Gebel es-Silsila contains a verb mtj that has been considered as an early example of mtj/mtr, ‘to be pleased’ (attested mainly in demotic). This paper tries to show that it belongs to the stem mtn/mtn, ‘to reward’. A writing of the infinitive of jrj on this same stela as jr.nn is attested several times at the beginning of the Twenty-second Dynasty.
Further Notes on Stele Aswan 1057
Authors: Ray J. D.
Published: January 2018

Additional textual comments on the stela published by the author in JEA 73 (1987), 169-80, in the light of discussion at the Third International Conference of Demotic Studies (1987) and further study of the original.
The Nature of the Hieroglyph
Authors: Jones P. M. E.
Published: January 2018

It is suggested that the hieroglyph represents a scribal kit-bag.
On the Accuracy of Sexing of Skeletons in Archaeological Reports
Authors: Mann George E.
Published: January 2018

A series of ancient Egyptian skulls from Qau and Badari was examined to determine their sex and to compare this with the sex as recorded in the excavation reports. Considerable discrepancies were found.
Memphis, 1989
Authors: Giddy L. L. , Jeffreys D. G. , Malek J.
Published: January 2018

In addition to post-excavation processing and analysis of the ceramic and environmental collections from Kom Rabi'a, three field projects were carried out in 1989. Limited clearance was done for epigraphic recording at the west gate of the Ptah temple (site BAA), where there was evidence of modification to the pylon and hypostyle hall late in the reign of Ramesses II. Drill cores were taken to the west and north-west of Kom Tuman, where our information about the early occupation and flood defences of the city has been greatly extended. Resistivity meter survey continued in the south-east of the ruin field, where two major anomalies were recorded: at the site of faience kilns excavated by Petrie on Kom Helul, and on Kom Qal'a, where traces of a large stone structure, perhaps a Third Intermediate Period temple, were found.
The Temple of Apis in Memphis
Authors: Jones Michael
Published: January 2018

The evidence for the date and significance of various monuments uncovered in the ‘Embalming House of the Apis Bulls’ is reviewed in the light of recent excavations there. It is suggested that the latest building level dates to the fourth century bc and can be equated with the major renovation undertaken by Nectanebo II, as described on a stela of his year 2 now in the Cairo Museum. In particular, a newly-discovered inscription on a vessel found in situ identifies the site, or some part of it, as the w'bt of the temple of Apis. The fourth-century structure was built on a platform, into the foundations of which were incorporated blocks of Shabako, usurped by Psamtek II. These probably came from the building described by Herodotus II, 153.
The Offering Formula in the First Intermediate Period
Authors: Leprohon Ronald J.
Published: January 2018

Following Gardiner's analysis of the ḥtp dì nsw formula, two different translations of the opening phrase of the formula have been customary: using parallel clauses to introduce the king and god(s) for Old Kingdom texts, and using a dative construction to introduce the god(s) for texts of Middle Kingdom date and later. However, the palaeographic variation in the writing of the word ‘Anubis’ by the late Old Kingdom—a change-over from the jackal over a ḥtp-sign to a jackal on a stand—suggests that the transformation of the formula had already occurred by that time.
The Tomb of Maya and Meryt: Preliminary Report on the Saqqara Excavations, 1990–1
Authors: Schneider Hans D. , Martin Geoffrey T. , Aston Barbara Greene , Van Dijk Jacobus , Perizonius Rutger , Strouhal Eugen
Published: January 2018

This report outlines the results obtained by the joint EES-Leiden Expedition in the tomb of Maya at Saqqara during the 1990 and 1991 seasons. A series of intrusive shafts associated with the main tomb were excavated, and much contexted funerary material and skeletal remains were found. Inscriptions provide evidence of interments dating to the Ramesside Period, the Late Period, and the early Ptolemaic era. Work was advanced on pottery, skeletal remains, and objects deriving from these and previous seasons. Full-scale drawings of reliefs and texts from the substructure of Maya's tomb, with the exception of Room H, were completed for publication. An epigraphic record was also made of Old Kingdom blocks found re-used in the masonry of the tomb, as well as reliefs and fragments from the decoration of the tomb of Horemheb and the Tias, retrieved from subsidiary shafts inside and outside the Maya complex. The mud-brick architecture of Maya's tomb was extensively restored, and preparations were made for the re-erection of the lintels over the pylon entrance.
The Chronology of the Report of Wenamun
Authors: Egberts A.
Published: January 2018

A reconstruction of the chronology of The Report of Wenamun is proposed, which, in contrast to previous reconstructions, is not based on emendations of the text. Special attention is devoted to the mention of the migratory birds in Wenamun 2, 65–6. qbḥw, named as the destination of the birds, is argued to designate the regions north of Egypt. It is concluded that the events described in Wenamun cover a period of about two years.
A bowl in the Nubian Museum, Aswan
Authors: Swain S. A. M.
Published: January 2018

A bowl in the Nubian Museum at Aswan appears to be eclectic, combining elements from early Nubian and Predynastic traditions. The bowl, although found in a grave of terminal A-group date, may be an heirloom, having been made as a direct result of contact with Egypt during the Naqada IIc and IIdi periods.
A New Kingdom Stela in Girton College showing Amenophis I wearing the ḫprš
Authors: Quinn Sarah
Published: January 2018

Publication of an unprovenanced New Kingdom stela dedicated by Sn-htp, a scribe of the Southern City, and presented to Girton College, Cambridge in 1896. It shows Amenophis I, who wears the ḫprš, offering to Amon-Re. A list of contemporary and posthumous representations of this king wearing the ḫprš is included.
Trumpets and kohl-tubes
Authors: Malek Jaromir
Published: January 2018

The two instances of the word šnb on Taharqa's stela no. 111 from Kawa, usually translated as ‘trumpet’, may refer to ‘kohl-tubes’.
An iterative methodology for the prediction of dynamic vehicle–track interaction and long-term periodic rail wear
Authors: Carlberger Andreas , Torstensson Peter T , Nielsen Jens CO , Frid Anders
Published: January 2018

In this study, a versatile numerical method for the prediction of long-term growth of rail roughness is presented and its functionality is demonstrated for the development of rail corrugation on small radius curves. The procedure includes two sub-modules: (1) a time-domain model for the simulation of dynamic vehicle–track interaction in a wide range of frequencies by using a commercial software for multibody dynamics and (2) a post-calculation of sliding wear based on the Archard’s model in combination with a non-Hertzian and transient wheel–rail contact model. The structural flexibility of the wheelset is accounted for by using the finite element method. The rail wear generated by a large number of passing trains is assessed by recurrently updating the rail surface based on the wear depth calculated in each post-processing step. The current work sets out from a previous study in which a model for the prediction of long-term growth of rail roughness on small radius curves was developed in a general-purpose programming language. By transferring the model into a commercial software, the aim is to develop an engineering tool that is more applicable for different operational conditions, such as various vehicle and track designs and track alignments. The proposed method is verified by comparing the simulation results against those obtained with the pre-existing software. Conditions similar to a 120 m radius curve on the Stockholm metro exposed to corrugation growth on the low rail are considered. The corrugation is found to be generated by the leading wheelsets. The prevailing wavelength-fixing mechanisms are identified and discussed.
An integrated explicit–implicit algorithm for vehicle–rail–bridge dynamic simulations
Authors: Jin Zhibin , Hu Chuanchuan , Pei Shiling , Liu Hongyan
Published: January 2018

The dynamic interaction between the vehicle, rail, and bridges presents a huge computational challenge, especially for reliability analysis based on Monte Carlo simulations. In this study, an integrated algorithm is proposed for the vehicle–rail–bridge dynamic interaction problem. This algorithm divides the system into two subdomains, i.e. the vehicle–rail subdomain and the bridge subdomain. The vehicle–rail subdomain and the bridge subdomain are integrated by the Zhai algorithm and the Newmark-β algorithm, respectively. The integrated algorithm allows different time steps (or multitime steps) to be used for the two domains: a large time step for the bridge subdomain and a smaller one for the vehicle–rail subdomain. The stability region of the proposed algorithm was found through the two-degree-of-freedom model problem, when a single time step is used in both subdomains. The accuracy of the algorithm was numerically investigated through the two-degree-of-freedom model. The vehicle–rail–bridge vibration excited by rail irregularities and earthquakes was simulated using the multitime step algorithm. The effect of the time step ratio (ratio of the large time step to the small time step) on the accuracy of the vehicle–rail–bridge responses was investigated. It has been shown that the time step ratio of less than 50 produces vehicle–rail–bridge responses in an accurate manner for engineering purposes. The multitime step algorithm can solve the vehicle–rail–bridge problem 20 times faster than the single time step algorithms that are conventionally used in the vehicle–rail–bridge simulations. This multitime step algorithm provides an efficient alternative for solving the dynamic interaction between vehicle–rail and large-scale civil structures.
Estimation of the volume under the receiver-operating characteristic surface adjusting for non-ignorable verification bias
Authors: Zhang Ying , Alonzo Todd A ,   for the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: January 2018

The receiver-operating characteristic surface is frequently used for presenting the accuracy of a diagnostic test for three-category classification problems. One common problem that can complicate the estimation of the volume under receiver-operating characteristic surface is that not all subjects receive the verification of the true disease status. Estimation based only on data from subjects with verified disease status may be biased, which is referred to as verification bias. In this article, we propose new verification bias correction methods to estimate the volume under receiver-operating characteristic surface for a continuous diagnostic test. We assume the verification process is missing not at random, which means the missingness might be related to unobserved clinical characteristics. Three classes of estimators are proposed, namely, inverse probability weighted, imputation-based, and doubly robust estimators. A jackknife estimator of variance is derived for all the proposed volume under receiver-operating characteristic surface estimators. The finite sample properties of the new estimators are examined via simulation studies. We illustrate our methods with data collected from Alzheimer’s disease research.
Economic Growth and Integrated Poverty Index: An Estimate Using Macro-level Aggregates at Subnational Levels in India
Authors: Iyer Sandhya S. , Prabhu K. Seeta
Published: January 2018

The Integrated Poverty Index (IPI) is a summary measure of poverty/deprivation that includes “poor” across economic, education and health/nutrition-related dimensions. Estimates across three decades since 1991 show a slow reduction in IPI, notably in mainly small states with middle per capita income. The growth–poverty linkage seems to be dwindling away. States with higher per capita income have not been able to reduce their IPI values in recent times, raising concerns of “IPI-trap”. Further, low-income states have been at the same level of IPI and PCNSDP for the past two decades raising concerns of both growth-led and development-led initiatives. The paper concludes that since there is a strong “income and population effect” to IPI reduction, there is a need to build synergies to secure sustainable capabilities expansion.
Use of Service Learning to Increase Master’s-Level Nursing Students’ Understanding of Social Determinants of Health and Health Disparities
Authors: Bryant-Moore Keneshia , Bachelder Ashley , Rainey Larronda , Hayman Kimberly , Bessette Alexa , Williams Candace
Published: January 2018

Introduction: It is important for graduate-level nursing students to be competent in the issues involved in the social determinants of health and health disparities and have the tools to address them as graduates. Method: As part of a nursing workforce diversity program, master’s-level nursing students were required to participate in a service learning project exposing them to an issue not directly linked to health—long bus rides for students as a result of school consolidations—to achieve educational goals and objectives while providing a service to an advocacy agency. Results: Eighteen students completed the project, providing the advocacy agency with firsthand accounts about the impact of long bus rides and in-depth reviews of literature on the topic and laws and regulations of other states. Conclusion: These results further support providing nursing students opportunities to fully engage with multicultural communities to gain a broader understanding of health disparities and social determinants of health.
Comprehensive Clinicopathologic and Updated Immunohistochemical Characterization of Primary Ovarian Mucinous Carcinoma
Authors: Bassiouny Dina , Ismiil Nadia , Dubé Valerie , Han Guangming , Cesari Matthew , Lu Fang-I , Slodkowska Elzbieta , Parra-Herran Carlos , Chiu Hak Fai , Naeim Magda , Li Nim , Khalifa Mahmoud , Nofech-Mozes Sharon
Published: January 2018

The distinction of primary mucinous ovarian carcinoma (PMOC) from other primaries or secondaries is essential for selecting therapeutic options and prognostication. We aimed to characterize the immunohistochemical profile of 36 PMOCs using an extended immunohistochemical panel, with clinicopathologic features and outcome. PAX8 was negative in 30 (83.3%), and SATB2 was negative in 32/35. HNF1B, AMACR, and napsin-A were detected in 33 (91.7%), 35 (97.2%), and 0 (0%), respectively. MMR proteins and ARID1A were retained in 100%; PTEN was lost in 4 (11.1%). P53 was aberrant in 10 (27.8%); none overexpressed p16. HER2 was positive in 6/35 (17.1%). Most PMOCs had a favorable outcome. However, recurrence is usually fatal. The typical tumor profile was CK7+, CK20+/−, CDX2+/−, PAX8−, ER−, PgR−, and SATB2−. HER2 positivity suggests a possible target for therapy in advanced disease.
Networked active vibration control of structural systems: A nonsmall input delay approach
Authors: Yang Yanping , Zhang Dawei , Han Qing-Long
Published: January 2018

This paper investigates the networked active vibration control for a multi-degree-of-freedom structural system subject to modeling uncertainties, stochastic sensor faults, and earthquake excitations. By adopting a positive velocity feedback controller and introducing a communication network that produces proper network-induced delays and packet dropouts in the feedback control loop, the closed-loop system is first modeled by an uncertain stochastic system with a nonsmall interval time-varying input delay. Then a delay-dependent criterion is derived by employing a complete Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional such that the stochastic system with the proper nonzero input delay is stochastically stable with L2-gain performance, but unstable without delay. An iterative algorithm is presented to design the networked controller. A three-storey shear-beam building model subject to the El Centro 1940 earthquake is given to validate the proposed approach.
“Mer hjelp, mindre moralpreken”
Authors: Jørstad Marie Lindvik , Skogheim Thea Steen , Bergsund Hans Bugge
Published: January 2018

Background:

Anabolic-androgenic steroid (AAS) use can lead to increased muscle mass and strength as well as undesired side effects with varying severities. In Norway, the specialized health services responsible for treating substance use disorders are also responsible for help provision to AAS users with health problems. The aim of this study was to find out how health services can be made more accessible to AAS users in need of treatment.

Methods:

A questionnaire was posted on four online forums, and explored the following themes: use of AAS, side effects, need for health services, and interest in health services.

Results:

Seventy-four respondents answered the questionnaire, of which 57 were current AAS users and 17 were previous users. Only one of the previous users had received treatment after ceasing use of AAS; the majority ceased use without external assistance. To facilitate uptake of health services, respondents identified assurance of confidentiality, treatment provider expertise of AAS, and respect during treatment as important factors. Most respondents expressed interest in a no-obligation health assessment.

Conclusion:

Increased knowledge of AAS among health services providers may help counteract stigma, build up users’ trust in help provision, and reach those who want health services without disclosing their AAS use. AAS users should be made aware of providers’ confidentiality obligations and the fact that treatment will not lead to punishment. Treatment offers which include easy access to a no-obligation health assessment and information about treatment options may be key to reaching AAS users in need.
State-Level Point-of-Sale Tobacco News Coverage and Policy Progression Over a 2-Year Period
Authors: Myers Allison E. , Southwell Brian G. , Ribisl Kurt M. , Moreland-Russell Sarah , Bowling J. Michael , Lytle Leslie A.
Published: January 2018

Background. Mass media content may play an important role in policy change. However, the empirical relationship between media advocacy efforts and tobacco control policy success has rarely been studied. We examined the extent to which newspaper content characteristics (volume, slant, frame, source, use of evidence, and degree of localization) that have been identified as important in past descriptive studies were associated with policy progression over a 2-year period in the context of point-of-sale (POS) tobacco control. Method. We used regression analyses to test the relationships between newspaper content and policy progression from 2012 to 2014. The dependent variable was the level of implementation of state-level POS tobacco control policies at Time 2. Independent variables were newspaper article characteristics (volume, slant, frame, source, use of evidence, and degree of localization) and were collected via content analysis of the articles. State-level policy environment contextual variables were examined as confounders. Results. Positive, significant bivariate relationships exist between characteristics of news content (e.g., high overall volume, public health source present, local quote and local angle present, and pro–tobacco control slant present) and Time 2 POS score. However, in a multivariate model controlling for other factors, significant relationships did not hold. Discussion. Newspaper coverage can be a marker of POS policy progression. Whether media can influence policy implementation remains an important question. Future work should continue to tease out and confirm the unique characteristics of media content that are most associated with subsequent policy progression, in order to inform media advocacy efforts.
Proximal to Distal Exostectomy for the Treatment of Insertional Achilles Tendinopathy
Authors: McBeth Zachary L. , Galvin Joseph W. , Robbins Justin
Published: January 2018

When insertional Achilles tendinopathy is addressed surgically via a central-Achilles splitting approach, the calcaneal osteotomy has classically been performed from distal to proximal. We describe a simple proximal to distal technique that allows optimal resection of both the calcaneal exostosis and Achilles enthesophyte, minimizes risk to the soft tissues and skin, provides a bony attachment surface parallel to the axis of the Achilles tendon, and avoids the risk of osteotomy extension into the subtalar joint.

Levels of Evidence: Level V: Technique tip
Attitudes and Behaviors of Rural Residents Toward Different Motivations for Hunting and Deforestation in Protected Areas of the Northeastern Atlantic Forest, Brazil
Authors: Castilho Luciana C. , De Vleeschouwer Kristel M. , Milner-Gulland E. J. , Schiavetti Alexandre
Published: January 2018

Protected areas have become a vital conservation strategy to protect wildlife; however, illegal activities performed by local people within and around protected areas may undermine their conservation goals. We used information from 169 direct interviews with rural residents in order to understand the factors affecting illegal behaviors related to hunting and deforestation in three protected areas and a buffer zone of the Southern Bahian Atlantic Forest. We explored correlations between background factors, attitudes, norms, perceived behavioral control and behaviors toward different motivations for hunting (hunting for consumption, killing animals in retaliation for damage to crops or livestock, and keeping wildlife in captivity as pets), and deforestation based on insights from the Theory of Planned Behavior. Our results suggest that a combination of demographic factors, values held for protected areas and location influenced respondents’ attitudes, descriptive norms, and perceived behavioral control in the study region. We also found that components of the Theory of Planned Behavior such as attitudes and descriptive norms may be good predictors of the studied behaviors. Increasing local support for and compliance with policies of the protected areas is necessary for the long-term efficacy of these areas and for protection of species. Our findings suggest that to change behaviors of residents toward conservation in the study area, management actions should consider people’s attitudes and norms and the combination of background factors that influence these variables.
Diagnosis and treatment of latent tuberculosis in patients with multiple sclerosis, expert consensus. On behalf of the Colombian Association of Neurology, Committee of Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Navas Carlos , Torres-Duque Carlos A , Munoz-Ceron Joe , Álvarez Carlos , García Juan R , Zarco Luis , Vélez Lázaro A , Awad Carlos , Castro Carlos Alberto
Published: January 2018

Background

Multiple sclerosis is an inflammatory and neurodegenerative demyelinating disease. Current treatment of multiple sclerosis focuses on the use of immunomodulatory, immunosuppressant, and selective immunosuppressant agents. Some of these medications may result in high risk of opportunistic infections including tuberculosis.

Objective

The purpose of this study was to obtain consensus from a panel of neurologists, pulmonologists, infectious disease specialists, and epidemiology experts regarding the diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring of latent tuberculosis in patients with multiple sclerosis.

Methods

A panel of experts in multiple sclerosis and tuberculosis was established. The methodological process was performed in three phases: definition of questions, answer using Delphi methodology, and the discussion of questions not agreed.

Results

Tuberculosis screening is suggested when multiple sclerosis drugs are prescribed. The recommended tests for latent tuberculosis are tuberculin and interferon gamma release test. When an anti-tuberculosis treatment is indicated, monitoring should be performed to determine liver enzyme values with consideration of age as well as comorbid conditions such as a history of alcoholism, age, obesity, concomitant hepatotoxic drugs, and history of liver disease.

Conclusion

Latent tuberculosis should be considered in patients with multiple sclerosis who are going to be treated with immunomodulatory and immunosuppressant medications. Transaminase level monitoring is required on a periodic basis depending on clinical and laboratory characteristics. In addition to the liver impairment, other side effects should be considered when Isoniazid is prescribed.
Structural Transformation in the North-eastern Region of India: Charting Out an Agriculture-based Development Policy
Authors: D’Souza Alwin , Ray Amit Shovon
Published: January 2018

Economic development is associated with a process of structural transformation that entails a falling share of agriculture in terms of both output and employment. However, at least in the initial phases, the share of agricultural gross domestic product (GDP) as a proportion of total GDP tends to decline much faster than the share of agricultural employment in total employment. Consequently, the difference between these two shares, termed as the GAP in development literature, increases during the initial phase of economic development, whereby the agricultural sector continues to employ the majority of labour force but contributes less and less output to total GDP. This creates a structural imbalance in the economy, resulting in low agricultural productivity, high-income inequality and consequent political instability. In this essay, we intend to study this process of structural transformation in the North-eastern (NE) states of India. Within the paradigm of agriculture-led development, pioneered by John Mellor, the essay attempts to chart out a development path for the NE region centred on agriculture and agricultural productivity. We derive specific policy parameters that would go a long way in correcting the structural imbalances and the resulting economic inequality and political instability by reducing the ‘GAP’ and by augmenting agricultural productivity.
NR4A1 and NR4A3 restrict HSC proliferation via reciprocal regulation of C/EBPα and inflammatory signaling
Authors: Freire Pablo R. , Conneely Orla M.
Published: January 2018

Key Points

NR4A1/3 nuclear receptors suppress hyperproliferation and DNA damage of HSCs. NR4A1/3 act as transcriptional activators of C/EBPα while repressing a proliferative inflammatory response in HSCs.
Foetal Learning: Implications for Psychiatry?
Authors: Hepper Peter G.
Published: January 2018

“The history of man for the nine months preceeding his birth would, probably, be far more interesting and contain events of greater moment than for all the three score and ten years that follow it.” Samuel Taylor Coleridge (1885)
Hysteria, Belief, and Magic
Authors: Taylor David C.
Published: January 2018

“We cannot command nature except by obeying her” (Bacon)
Paedophilia: A Cognitive/Behavioural Treatment Approach in a Single Case
Authors: Enright Simon J.
Published: January 2018

Our confidence in being able to offer successful treatment of paedophilia remains low. A multifaceted cognitive/behavioural treatment approach is described in the hitherto successful treatment of a man with a 13-year history of sexually interfering with young children of both sexes.
Prevalence of Childhood and Adolescent Depression in the Community
Authors: Fleming Jan E. , Offord David R. , Boyle Michael H.
Published: January 2018

Data from a cross-sectional community survey of 2852 children were used to provide estimates of the prevalence of a ‘DSM–III-like’ major depressive syndrome in children aged 6 to 16. The severity of symptoms required to define a ‘case’ was varied to generate three levels of diagnostic certainty (DC). The overall estimates of prevalence made with high DC were 0.6% for pre-adolescents and 1.8% for adolescents. Corresponding rates determined with medium DC were 2.7% and 7.8%, whereas the figures for low DC were 17.5% and 43.9%. Utilisation of mental health and social services, comorbidity (combined disorders), poor school performance, problems in getting along with others and need for professional help all increased as diagnostic certainty increased. There was wide disagreement in data supplied by the different groups of respondents, i.e. parents, teachers and adolescents.
Books Reconsidered: Fears and Phobias: Isaac M. Marks
Authors: Seager C. P.
Published: January 2018

A week may be a long time in politics, but how fares a book on an aspect of clinical psychiatry, published more than two decades ago? Isaac Marks wrote his book, Fears and Phobias, in 1969, at a time when a third intruder, behavioural psychotherapy, had intervened in the battle between physical treatment and psychodynamic psychotherapy as the two polarised options for correct care of the mentally ill and particularly for the neuroses. Eysenck had annoyed many by his study demonstrating that patients receiving dynamic psychotherapy did no better than those on the waiting list; psychoanalysis was an expensive way of passing the time until the condition resolved spontaneously. Clinical psychologists and a few psychiatrists began to take an interest in the work of Wolpe and looked back to the 1920s when William James and Mary Cover-Jones had demonstrated the induction and the treatment of fears in young children. No ethical committee would accept a research protocol on these lines today.