bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Complementary Effect of the Proportion of Overspeed Frames of Withdrawal and Withdrawal Time on Reflecting Colonoscopy Quality: A Retrospective, Observational Study
Authors: Gong Rongrong , Yao Liwen , Zhang Lihui , Li Xun , Zhang Jun , Li Jiao , Jiang Xiaoda , Zhao Yu , Wang Junxiao , Zhang Chenxia , Wu Huiling , Lu Zihua , Mingkai Chen  , Honggang Yu
Published: February 2023

INTRODUCTION:

Constructing quality indicators that reflect the defect of colonoscopy operation for quality audit and feedback is very important. Previously, we have established a real-time withdrawal speed monitoring system to control withdrawal speed below the safe speed. We aimed to explore the relationship between the proportion of overspeed frames (POF) of withdrawal and the adenoma detection rate (ADR) and to conjointly analyze the influence of POF and withdrawal time on ADR to evaluate the feasibility of POF combined with withdrawal time as a quality control indicator.

METHODS:

The POF was defined as the proportion of frames with instantaneous speed ≥44 in the whole colonoscopy video. First, we developed a system for the POF of withdrawal based on a perceptual hashing algorithm. Next, we retrospectively collected 1,804 colonoscopy videos to explore the relationship between POF and ADR. According to withdrawal time and POF cutoff, we conducted a complementary analysis on the effects of POF and withdrawal time on ADR.

RESULTS:

There was an inverse correlation between the POF and ADR (Pearson correlation coefficient −0.836). When withdrawal time was >6 minutes, the ADR of the POF ≤10% was significantly higher than that of POF >10% (25.30% vs 16.50%; odds ratio 0.463, 95% confidence interval 0.296–0.724, P < 0.01). When the POF was ≤10%, the ADR of withdrawal time >6 minutes was higher than that of withdrawal time ≤6 minutes (25.30% vs 21.14%; odds ratio 0.877, 95% confidence interval 0.667–1.153, P = 0.35).

DISCUSSION:

The POF was strongly correlated with ADR. The combined assessment of the POF and withdrawal time has profound significance for colonoscopy quality control.
The role of mathematics teacher educators in preparing teachers of mathematics to respond to global challenges within their classrooms
Authors: Coles Alf , Helliwell Tracy
Published: February 2023

The world is in a period of rapid change. Climate chaos is leading to floods, droughts and exacerbating inequality. In this article, we ask, in such a context, what is the role of mathematics education and, in particular, what can mathematics teacher educators (MTEs) do in supporting teachers to respond to global challenges, and the associated injustices, within their mathematics classrooms? We review work done within critical mathematics education and develop a model for reflection on the role of the MTE. We report on work taking place in one university in the UK where, since 2015, MTEs have been encouraging teachers to address global issues in their classrooms. One role which has emerged for an MTE is in supporting the translation of scientific work on climate change into classroom tasks. In England, the spaces for such work are being squeezed in an education system increasingly subject to conservative political forces. We conclude the article by considering possibilities for MTEs to provoke a generic questioning of assumptions, which we argue is possible even within such constraints.
Study on the Asynchronous Online Discussion Participation Patterns of University Student Readers Using Social Network Analysis
Authors:   Center For Educational Research, Seo Ji-ah , Kim Su-rim , Choi Sook-ki
Published: February 2023

Purpose: This research examined the online discussion class design method and the learning realityby comparing the analysis results of group online discussions and multiple online discussions afterconducting online discussions.
Methods: An online reading discussion class was conducted in groups with 46 students of Koreaneducation students at K University, and the discussion rules were designed to allow all debaters topresent their opinions more than five times through LMS's  or . A total of 456pieces of data were collected, and degree centrality, closeness centrality, betweenness centrality, andeigenvector centrality were derived through a social network analysis. Afterwards, post-onlineinterviews were carried out with all debaters, and then in-depth interviews were conducted with fivepeople who showed a high or low level of connection centrality values in each group.
Results: The correlation between centrality and network influence was analyzed based on degreecentrality and eigenvector centrality according to the group online discussion, and the effect of learningreality in online learning on learning was confirmed.
Conclusion: This study suggested that the design of online learning rules to enhance learning realityin online learning and an individual goal considering the characteristics of online discussion learningare required.
Surgical Reconstruction of the Anomalous Left Coronary Artery From the Pulmonary Artery
Authors: Micovic Slobodan , Milacic Petar , Milicic Miroslav , Brkovic Milica , Vukovic Petar , Zivkovic Igor
Published: February 2023

The anomalous left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery is a rare congenital disease. Early surgical reconstruction is mandatory to prevent adverse cardiac events. Direct coronary button transfer, vein graft interposition, ligation, and coronary artery bypass construction are the most commonly used techniques. This case report presents a modified technique of Dacron graft interposition and reimplantation anomalous left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery on the ascending aorta.
Pemodelan Arus dan Muatan Padatan Tersuspensi di Perairan Estuari Muara Bengawan Solo Ujung Pangkah Gresik
Authors: Hidayah Zainul , Maula Minkhatul , Wardhani Maulinna Kusumo
Published: February 2023

Ujung Pangkah merupakan muara dari Sungai Bengawan Solo yang merupakan salah satu sungai terpanjang di Indonesia. Secara administrasi, daerah ini masuk kedalam wilayah Kecamatan Ujung Pangkah Kabupaten Gresik. Aliran Sungai Bengawan Solo yang bermuara di perairan estuari ini membawa sedimen yang terlarut dalam bentuk Muatan Padatan Tersuspensi (MPT) yang persebarannya dipengaruhi oleh pergerakan arus.   Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pola sirkulasi arus di perairan estuari Ujung Pangkah Gresik dan menganalisis pengaruh pergerakan arus dan pasang surut terhadap sebaran MPT. Simulasi model hidrodinamika digunakan pada penelitian ini dengan input data utama adalah pasang surut dan batimetri. Hasil penelitian menjelaskan bahwa model hidrodinamika yang diperoleh untuk menjelaskan pergerakan arus pasang surut dengan kecepatan berkisar antara 0,12 -0,38 m/s. Pola sebaran menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi MPT yang tinggi umumnya terjadi pada saat kondisi perairan surut, sedangkan pada saat kondisi pasang, nilai konsentrasi MPT cenderung rendah. Pada saat kondisi surut terendah, hasil simulasi menunjukkan konsentrasi MPT yang tinggi (360 - >440 mg/l) tepat di mulut sungai dan menyebar ke bagian utara muara. Sementara itu, di bagian timur dan selatan muara, konsentrasi MPT relatif lebih rendah, berkisar antara 80–240 mg/l. Model hidrodinamika yang diperoleh cukup baik untuk menjelaskan pergerakan arus dan MPT (MAPE <20%).   Ujung Pangkah is the estuary of the Bengawan Solo River which is one of the longest rivers in Indonesia. Administratively, this area is included in the Ujung Pangkah District, Gresik Regency. The flow of the Bengawan Solo River into the estuary carries dissolved sediments in the form of suspended solids which distribution is influenced by current movements. This study aims to determine the pattern of current circulation in the Ujung Pangkah estuary and analyze the effect of current and tidal movements on the distribution of suspended solids. Hydrodynamic model simulation is used in this study with the main data inputs are tides and bathymetry. The results of the study explain that the hydrodynamic model explain the movement of tidal currents with velocities ranging from 0,12 to 0,38 m/s. The distribution pattern shows that high suspended solids concentrations generally occur during low tide conditions, whereas during high tide conditions, suspended solids concentrations tend to be low. At the lowest low tide, the simulation results show high suspended solids concentrations (360 to >440 mg/l) at the estuary and distributed to the northern part of the estuary. Meanwhile, in the eastern and southern parts of the estuary, suspended solids concentrations were relatively lower, ranging from 80–240 mg/l. The hydrodynamic model obtained in this study was sufficient to explain the current movement and MPT (MAPE <20%).
Keragaman Fitoplankton dan Potensi Harmfull Algal Blooms (HABs) di Perairan Sungai Musi Bagian Hilir Provinsi Sumatera Selatan
Authors: Aryawati Riris , Melki Melki , Azhara Inda , Ulqodry Tengku Zia , Hendri Muhammad
Published: February 2023

Sungai Musi merupakan sungai terpanjang di Pulau Sumatera yang banyak dimanfaatkan masyarakat sebagai jalur transportasi dan berbagai aktivitas lainnya. Sungai Musi merupakan habitat fitoplankton yang dapat menjadi indikator kualitas perairan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui kelimpahan, keragaman, keseragaman, dominansi, dan  menganalisis potensi HABs fitoplankton di Perairan Sungai Musi bagian hilir. Hasil pengamatan pada 10 stasiun, ditemukan 6 genus fitoplankton dari kelas Bacillariophyceae (Bacillaria, Coscinodiscus, Ghemponema, Navicula, Skeletonema, Strepthotecha), 6 genus dari kelas Chlorophyceae (Chlorella, Hydrodiction, Micrasterias, Pediastrum, Platydorina, Spirogyra), 1 genus dari kelas Cyanophyceae (Oscillatoria). Hasil analisis diperoleh kelimpahan sebesar 10-483 sel/L, indeks keanekaragaman (H’) 0,89-1,57, indeks keseragaman (E) 0,75-0,99, dan indeks dominansi (C) 0,25-0,46 dengan genus fitoplankton di kelimpahan tertinggi Spirogyra dan terendah Bacillaria. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan parameter fisika-kimia termasuk kategori baik untuk pertumbuhan fitoplankton dan ditemukan beberapa jenis fitoplankton yang berpotensi HABs (Coscinodiscus, Skeletonema, Oscillatoria).    The Musi River, the longest river on the island of Sumatra, is widely used by the community as a transportation route and for various other activities. Therefore, the Musi River is a habitat for phytoplankton and can be a bioindicator of water quality. This study aims to determine the success of analysing the abundance, diversity, uniformity, dominance and potential of HABs phytoplankton downstream of the Musi River. Observations of 10 sampling stations found six genera from the class Bacillariophyceae (Bacillaria, Coscinodiscus, Ghemponema, Navicula, Skeletonema, Streptotheca), six genera from the class Chlorophyceae (Chlorella, Hydrodiction, Micrasterias, Pediastrum, Platydorina, Spirogyra), one genus class Cyanophyceae (Oscillatoria). The results of the analysis obtained an abundance of 18-483 cells/L, the diversity index (H') 0.89-1.57, uniformity index (E) 0.75-0.99, and dominance index (C) 0.25-0.46 with the phytoplankton genus in the highest abundance of Spirogyra and the lowest Bacillariophyceae. Furthermore, the results of the observations show that the physicochemical parameters are in a suitable category for phytoplankton growth and found several types of phytoplankton that have the potential for HABs (Coscinodiscus, Skeletonema, Oscillatoria).
The Role of FXR-Signaling Variability in the Development and Course of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Children
Authors: Stepanov Yuriy , Zavhorodnia Natalia , Klenina Inna , Hrabovska Olena , Yagmur Viktoria
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Genetic mechanisms among many other factors play a crucial role in the development and progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The farnesoid X-receptor (FXR) regulates the expression of target genes involved in metabolic and energy homeostasis, so it can be assumed that genetic variations within the NR1H4 gene, encoding FXR, can affect the development or progression of associated diseases, including NAFLD. The aim: To study the association of SNP rs11110390 NR1H4 gene with the probability of development and course of NAFLD in children. Materials and methods: 76 children aged 9–17 years and overweight were examined. According to controlled attenuated parameter (CAP) measurement (Fibroscan®502touch) children were divided into 2 groups: group 1 consisted of 40 patients with NAFLD, group 2 was composed by 36 patients without hepatic steatosis. According to genetic testing children were divided into 3 subgroups – children with CC-, CT-, TT-genotype SNP rs11110390 NR1H4 gene. Results: The frequency of TT-genotype SNP rs11110390 NR1H4 gene detection in children with NAFLD was 17.5% versus 2.8% in the control group (p < 0.05). In children with TT-genotype SNP rs11110390 NR1H4 gene the liver stiffness (p < 0.05) and CAP (p = 0.1) were higher than in patients with CC- and CT-genotypes. Patients with the TT-genotype differed from CC-genotype patients with lower levels of IL-10 (p < 0.05) and pro-inflammatory cytokine balance (p < 0.05). An increase in the concentration of taurine-conjugated bile acid fractions in the hepatic and gallbladder’s bile in children with TT-genotype SNP rs11110390 NR1H4 (p < 0.05) was demonstrated. Conclusions: SNP rs11110390 NR1H4 is associated with an increased probability of NAFLD development in children. An increase in the steatosis degree and liver stiffness in combination with increased taurine-conjugated bile acids fractions in the hepatic and gallbladder’s bile, shift in cytokine balance due to a decrease in IL-10 level in children with TT-genotype SNP rs11110390 NR1H4 were observed.
Optimization of apigenin nanoparticles prepared by planetary ball milling: In vitro and in vivo studies
Authors: Alshehri Abdulla Ali , Ibrahim Mohamed Abbas , Alshehri Sultan Mohamed , Alshora Doaa , Elzayat Ehab Mostafa , Almeanazel Osaid , Alsaadi Badr , El Sherbiny Gamal A. , Osman Shaaban Khalaf
Published: February 2023

This study intended to optimize apigenin (APG) nanoparticle formulation prepared by planetary ball milling to enhance its dissolution rate and bioavailability using a design of experiment (DoE). In this study, polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP K30) was used as a nanoparticle stabilizer. The independent parameters of milling speed, milling ball size, and drug to solvent ratio were evaluated for their impacts on APG nanoparticles concerning the nanoparticle size (Y1), zeta potential (Y2), and drug dissolution efficiency after 60 min, notated as % DE60 (Y3). The milling ball size showed a significant antagonistic effect (P = 0.0210) on the size of APG nanoparticles, while milling speed had an agonistic effect on the zeta potential values of drug nanoparticles, ranging from low to medium speed levels. In addition, ANOVA analysis indicated that the effect of the drug-to-solvent ratio on the % DE60 of APG from the nanoparticle formulations was antagonistically significant (P = 0.015), and the quadratic effect of milling speed (AA) also had a significant antagonistic effect (P = 0.025) on the % DE60. Risk assessment analytical tools revealed that milling ball size and milling speed significantly affect the nanoparticle size. The drug/solvent ratio exerted a strong impact on % DE60. Furthermore, the maximum plasma concentration (C
max) of the optimized APG nanoparticle formula increased by four folds. In addition, AUC0–t
(ng·mL−1·h−1) for APG nanoparticle (353.7 ± 185.3 ng·mL−1·h−1) was higher than that noticed in the case of the untreated drug (149 ± 137.5 ng·mL−1·h−1) by more than two folds.
Preterm prelabor rupture of membranes in singletons: maternal and neonatal outcomes
Authors: Madan Ichchha , Jackson Frank I. , Figueroa Reinaldo , Bahado-Singh Ray
Published: February 2023

Objectives

To determine the effect of gestational age at delivery on maternal and neonatal outcomes in preterm prelabor rupture of membranes (PPROM) and assess various predictors of neonatal and infant mortality in these pregnancies.

Methods

United States birth data from CDC-National Center for Health Statistics natality database for years 2004–2008 was used to identify singleton pregnancies with PPROM and delivery from 32 0/7 to 36 6/7 weeks. Controls were singletons at 37–40 weeks, without PPROM. Maternal and neonatal complications reported by all states were analyzed along with neonatal outcomes such as chorioamnionitis and hyaline membrane disease, reported by a subgroup of states. OR (95% CI) were calculated after adjusting for preeclampsia, diabetes, chronic hypertension, maternal race, and infant sex.

Results

There were 134,502 PPROM cases and similar number of controls. There was a significant decrease in need for prolonged ventilation, hyaline membrane disease, 5 min Apgar score <7, and NICU admission with advancing gestational age. Placental abruption decreased and chorioamnionitis and cord prolapse were not different between 34 and 37 weeks. We found reductions in early death, neonatal death, and infant mortality with advancing gestational age (p<0.001 for each). Gestational age at delivery was the strongest predictor for early death, neonatal death, and infant mortality in PPROM. These differences persisted after adjusting for antenatal steroid use.

Conclusions

We provide population-based evidence showing a decrease in neonatal complications and death with advancing gestational age in PPROM. Gestational age at delivery in pregnancies with PPROM is the strongest predictor of mortality risk.
Migrant language and identity in the Spanish-speaking community in Israel
Authors: Fritzler Marcela
Published: February 2023

Spanish has a considerable presence in the socio-cultural mosaic of Israel, a country made up of ethnolinguistic communities from different parts of the world. However, language policy has not always integrated the study of languages as a source of interculturality. This paper summarizes the results of the first stage of a broader investigation into the linguistic practices and strategies developed by Spanish-speaking families to acquire and preserve the migrant language, as a way of transmitting the heritage, identity and culture of the country of origin in the face of the influence of the majority language, Hebrew. To this end, individual interviews were conducted to record specific data on the Spanish-speaking community and, particularly, the presence of Spanish as a vehicular language through the identification of sociocultural references among families who arrived under the Law of Return and include members who are 15 years of age or younger. The surveys reflect that the interest and affective need to preserve the language are main motivators in these Spanish-speaking families. These conclusions served as a basis for in the afore-mentioned group were considered relevant conclusions within the broad objectives of the larger project, which seeks to create a program of intergenerational activities to develop respectful bilingualism and strengthen the community of practice as a space to build the mutant puzzle between the inherited and acquired identity of children and youth.
Anisotropy of epoxy acrylate with magnetic field-induced Ni-MWNTs
Authors: Ding Qingjun , Chu Xiaocheng , Zhao Gai
Published: February 2023

In this paper, epoxy acrylate/nickel-plated carbon nanotubes composites with different structural orientations (X, Z) were prepared by digital light procession 3D, and the orientation of nickel-plated carbon nanotubes in the magnetic field and its effect on the mechanical properties of the composites were systematically studied. The scanning electron microscope shows the orientation of the fiber in the magnetic field. The experimental results show that the mechanical properties and friction coefficient of the material show obvious anisotropy, but the anisotropy of wear rate is not obvious. The tensile strength of the X sample is about 18% higher than that of the Z sample when the content of nickel-plated carbon nanotubes was 0.15 wt%. The impact strength of the X sample is about 15% higher than that of the Z sample when the content of Ni-MWNTs was 0.1 wt%. The friction coefficient on the plane (X, Y) is about 20% lower than that on the plane (Y, Z) when the content of carbon nanotubes is 0.05 wt%.
A comparison study on experimental characterization of unidirectional fiber reinforced composites using strain-gauges and virtual extensometers
Authors: Alci Muhsin , Gunes Recep
Published: February 2023

The aim of this study is to characterize E-glass/epoxy unidirectional fiber reinforced composites using the digital image correlation method with virtual extensometer, which is a less laborious method than strain gauges, compare the results and investigate whether virtual extensometers can be used instead of strain gauges. Measurements in tensile and Iosipescu shear tests were made with both strain gauge and virtual extensometer. Unlike full-field strain measurements in literature, the strains were measured using virtual extensometers. Tensile test and in-plane shear test results gave very consistent results. The differences between the strain gauge and the virtual extensometer for the tensile and in-plane shear tests were less than 3% in the linear region. However, the out-of-plane shear test showed a larger difference of 8.6%. This study showed that the 2D digital image correlation method with virtual extensometers is highly sufficient to find the elasticity moduli and shear moduli in tensile and shear tests in the linear region. In addition, after the damage has started, more measurement data can be obtained with virtual extensometers than with strain gauges.
Classification of fracture characteristics and fracture mechanisms using deep learning and topography data
Authors: Schmies L. , Botsch B. , Le Q.-H. , Yarysh A. , Sonntag U. , Hemmleb M. , Bettge D.
Published: February 2023

In failure analysis, micro-fractographic analysis of fracture surfaces is usually performed based on practical knowledge which is gained from available studies, own comparative tests, from the literature, as well as online databases. Based on comparisons with already existing images, fracture mechanisms are determined qualitatively. These images are mostly two-dimensional and obtained by light optical and scanning electron imaging techniques. So far, quantitative assessments have been limited to macroscopically determined percentages of fracture types or to the manual measurement of fatigue striations, for example. Recently, more and more approaches relying on computer algorithms have been taken, with algorithms capable of finding and classifying differently structured fracture characteristics. For the Industrial Collective Research (Industrielle Gemeinschaftsforschung, IGF) project “iFrakto” presented in this paper, electron-optical images are obtained, from which topographic information is calculated. This topographic information is analyzed together with the conventional 2D images. Analytical algorithms and deep learning are used to analyze and evaluate fracture characteristics and are linked to information from a fractography database. The most important aim is to provide software aiding in the application of fractography for failure analysis. This paper will present some first results of the project.
A cooled turbine airfoil performance prediction method with two-dimensional CFD computation and loss models
Authors: Zhang Xiao-Dong , Liu Jian-Jun , Li Chen
Published: February 2023

The role of turbine blade cooling and coolants are significant factors in modern gas turbine aerodynamic design. This paper presents an effective and rapid airfoil design method based on CFD computation of the S1 surface and the existing loss correlations. The method can assess the coolant mixing loss by identifying each cooling hole separately and obtain the overall mainflow aerodynamic loss for cooled airfoil. The CFD computation code of the S1 surface is powered by a two-dimensional Euler equation, which is inviscid. Typical Kacker–Okapuu empirical correlations are then used to assess the airfoil friction loss, trailing edge loss, and shock loss. A novel form of the Hartsel model for coolant mixing loss is developed and employed in the CFD codes. In the reformed model, the mixing loss coefficient is directly associated with the blowing ratio and the total pressure/temperature ratio of mainstream-to-coolant, making it more convenient than the original model in the airfoil design process. Based on a transonic turbine vane airfoil, the influences of the film outflow location and outflow Mach number on the coolant mixing loss are investigated using the above prediction method and the cascade blowing test.
The Zen monks of Silsangsanmun(實相山門) in the Late Silla period
Authors:   Institute of Korean Cultural Studies Yeungnam University, Jung Dong-lak
Published: February 2023

The activities of Silsangsanmun Zen monks in the Late Silla period have crucial meaning in the history of the Zen Buddhism. Hong cheok was one of the Zen monks in the period of accepting the Zen Buddhism and has been regarded as one of ‘the initial monks(初傳僧)’ along with Doui(道義) since then. Silsangsanmun was ‘the first Zen sect’ opened first among so-called Nine Zen sect. In particular, Hongcheok was a special Zen monk who achieved both the acceptance of the Zen Buddhism in Silla and the outset of Zen sect.
Hyeonuk(玄昱, 787~868) was outset of Bongrimsanmun and returned a little later than the initial monks like Doui or Hongcheok to spread the Zen Buddhism widely. Returning about 10 years later than Hongcheok, he stayed in Silsang sa Temple for three years. Presumably, Hyeonuk’s stay in Salsangsa Temple did not mean the change of religious tradition in Zen sect but was attributed to Silla’s royal family devoting to it with the mediation of Hongcheok.
After Hong cheok, Silsang sanmun was handed down to Sucheol(秀澈, 815~893) and Pyeonun(片雲, ?~910). Sucheol was the second progenitor of Silsangsanmun following Hongcheok and installed as the national monk of Silla after Hongcheok. Particularly, he had ties with Silla’s loyal family in the line of King Gyeongmun leading from King Gyeongmun to Queen Jinseong.
About Pyeonun, research was done centering around prestigious writings on stupas. He competed with Sucheol about the main line of descent and was connected to the reign of Gyeonhwon in the Post Baekje in terms of political power. Sucheol and Pyeonun were the second-generation Zennists following Hongcheok. These two were the disciples under the same master, and they were combined with Silla and Post Baekje each, which well reveals severe competition developed around the world of Buddhists then.
Masibambane—Ladies Chat: Developing an Online Gender-Enhanced PrEP Information-Motivation Workshop for Young South African Women
Authors: Hanass-Hancock Jill , Bhengu Nonhlonipho , Exner Theresa , Magusthwa Slindile , Harrison Abigail , Dolezal Curtis , Miller Lori , Bauman Laurie , Hoffman Susie
Published: February 2023

This article describes the processes of transforming an in-person group-based intervention to promote uptake of PrEP among young woman in South Africa to an online interactive “workshop” during the COVID-19 pandemic. Beginning in person and continuing virtually, we used a step-by-step participatory approach with multiple stakeholder groups to develop nine activities to increase knowledge about, as well as motivation and intention to take PrEP, and to address gender-based barriers to PrEP. Activities were informed by our theoretical framework and formative work with young women ages 18–25. We demonstrate how we developed a gender-enhanced online PrEP workshop that was interactive, group-based, and in accordance with elements of established successful intervention design; why WhatsApp emerged as the most accessible application for the young women in our workshop; and how an intervention with a hybrid approach—alternating between chat box and live sessions—combined with verbal, written, and emoji-based communication enabled interaction among participants.
Parental Concerns of Their Sexual and Gender Minority Adolescents Using HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis
Authors: Owens Christopher , Brandenburg Dakota , Grant Morgan J. , Carter Kaileigh , Hoffman Matt , Hubach Randolph D.
Published: February 2023

Although parents of sexual and gender minority (SGM) adolescents are key stakeholders in SGM adolescents using HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), there is limited understanding of parental concerns and attitudes about their SGM adolescents taking PrEP. Fifty-four parents in the West South Central region of the U.S. completed an online, mixed-method, cross-sectional questionnaire to explore their concerns and questions about PrEP. Quantitative and qualitative results show that participants were more concerned about side effects, drug interactions, (non)adherence, and eligibility and duration of PrEP. Parents are less worried about picking PrEP from a pharmacy or returning to follow-up lab testing every three months. Most parents reported receiving medication information their adolescent takes from a medical provider and the media. Findings from this study can inform the development of parent-based PrEP interventions. Without further parent-based research and programming, SGM adolescents may continue to be disproportionately affected by HIV.
Did David Koresh Plagiarize Cyrus R. Teed?
Authors: Arnold J. Phillip
Published: February 2023

During the standoff between federal agents and the Branch Davidians in 1993 at the Branch Davidians’ property outside Waco, Texas named Mount Carmel Center, David Koresh proclaimed that he was the Endtime Christ who would reveal the meaning of the Seven Seals of the book of Revelation. One hundred years earlier there was another Koresh, Cyrus R. Teed, who also claimed to reveal the Seven Seals from his Koreshan Unity center in Estero, Florida. David Koresh echoed many of Teed’s, i.e. the earlier self-proclaimed Koresh’s, teachings. What kind of connection, if any, existed between these two aspiring Endtime messiahs? Using primary sources, such as Teed’s magazine, The Flaming Sword, and transcriptions of the FBI audiotapes of negotiations with David Koresh and other Branch Davidians recorded during the 51-day siege in 1993, the answers emerge. Since these answers indicate a link between the earlier Koresh and David Koresh, they also raise the issue of how this information about the earlier Koresh and his theology could have been used by FBI agents to persuade the Branch Davidians to come out of the Mount Carmel Center residence and be taken into custody.
Inclusive Heathens Practice Ancestor Veneration, But Not Pride in Ancestry
Authors: Davy Barbara Jane
Published: February 2023

Ancestor veneration need not entail a focus on biological ancestry, but inclusive Heathens are troubled that white supremacists are attracted to Heathenry because of a perceived connection between ancestor veneration and pride in ancestry. The Canadian Heathens of Raven’s Knoll identify themselves as inclusive, and endeavor to exclude racists from their groups and events. Previous research has often distinguished between folkish (often racist) versus universalist (not racist) practitioners of Heathenry or Ásatrú. Inclusive Heathens welcome people of all backgrounds so long as they do not discriminate against others on the basis of spurious categories such as race, gender, or sexual orientation. Inclusive Heathens venerate a variety of ancestors, not just ancestors of blood or biological ancestors, but also ancestors of affinity or imagination, and ancestors of place. This contributes to a sense of relatedness and moral community beyond the intrahuman, and the development of ecological conscience at Raven’s Knoll.
Fighting for Legitimacy
Authors: Ben-Porat Guy , Huss Boaz
Published: February 2023

This article examines the links between alternative spirituality and Israeli militarism in the context of the confrontations between new religious and spiritual movements and Israeli society and state, and the efforts of such movements to gain legitimation through participation in republican citizenship practices and adaptations of Israeli cultural values. The article discusses the representation of alternative religious and spiritual movements as a danger to the Israeli Army by anticult movements, and the response of new religious movements to such accusations. Through the study of two case studies, Emin and Anthroposophy, the article examines the adjustments of religious and spiritual doctrines and practices of new religious movements to Israeli military ethos, the role of militarism in the endeavors of such movements to legitimize themselves through participation in Israeli republican citizenship practices, and the appropriations and interpretations of the Israeli military ethos by Israeli alternative spiritual movements.
“People First”
Authors: O’Brassill-Kulfan Kristin
Published: February 2023

This article explores the interpretive and commemorative landscape of houselessness/homelessness and poverty in the United States and United Kingdom and how public historians approach the practical work of interpreting and commemorating these histories in partnership with stakeholder communities. It begins by using the site of an unmarked, uncommemorated, nineteenth-century prison for the poor as an entry point to discuss important gaps in public historical interpretation. Then, it branches out to a survey of organizations and projects engaged in efforts to fill these gaps and the methods they use to work with and for community members with experiences of houselessness, arguing for increased collaborative curation, interdisciplinary interpretation, and commemoration of these histories.
Extracellular vesicles from Zika virus‐infected cells display viral E protein that binds ZIKV‐neutralizing antibodies to prevent infection enhancement
Authors: Zhao Fanfan , Xu Yongfen , Liu Na , Lv Dawei , Chen Yujie , Liu Zhi , Jin Xia , Xiao Mingbing , Lavillette Dimitri , Zhong Jin , Bartenschlager Ralf , Long Gang
Published: February 2023

Mosquito‐borne flaviviruses including Zika virus (ZIKV) represent a public health problem in some parts of the world. Although ZIKV infection is predominantly asymptomatic or associated with mild symptoms, it can lead to neurological complications. ZIKV infection can also cause antibody‐dependent enhancement (ADE) of infection with similar viruses, warranting further studies of virion assembly and the function of envelope (E) protein‐specific antibodies. Although extracellular vesicles (EVs) from flavivirus‐infected cells have been reported to transmit infection, this interpretation is challenged by difficulties in separating EVs from flavivirions due to their similar biochemical composition and biophysical properties. In the present study, a rigorous EV‐virion separation method combining sequential ultracentrifugation and affinity capture was developed to study EVs from ZIKV‐infected cells. We find that these EVs do not transmit infection, but EVs display abundant E proteins which have an antigenic landscape similar to that of virions carrying E. ZIKV E‐coated EVs attenuate antibody‐dependent enhancement mediated by ZIKV E‐specific and DENV‐cross‐reactive antibodies in both cell culture and mouse models. We thus report an alternative route for Flavivirus E protein secretion. These results suggest that modulation of E protein release via virions and EVs may present a new approach to regulating flavivirus‐host interactions.
Light‐driven synthetic microbial consortia: playing with an oxygen dilemma
Authors: Zhu Huawei , Li Yin
Published: February 2023

Background

Light‐driven synthetic microbial consortia are composed of photoautotrophs and heterotrophs. They exhibited better performance in stability, robustness and capacity for handling complex tasks when comparing with axenic cultures. Different from general microbial consortia, the intrinsic property of photosynthetic oxygen evolution in light‐driven synthetic microbial consortia is an important factor affecting the functions of the consortia.

Results

In light‐driven microbial consortia, the oxygen liberated by photoautotrophs will result in an aerobic environment, which exerts dual effects on different species and processes. On one hand, oxygen is favorable to the synthetic microbial consortia when they are used for wastewater treatment and aerobic chemical production, in which biomass accumulation and oxidized product formation will benefit from the high energy yield of aerobic respiration. On the other hand, the oxygen is harmful to the synthetic microbial consortia when they were used for anaerobic processes including biohydrogen production and bioelectricity generation, in which the presence of oxygen will deactivate some biological components and compete for electrons.

Conclusions

Developing anaerobic processes in using light‐driven synthetic microbial consortia represents a cost‐effective alternative for production of chemicals from carbon dioxide and light. Thus, exploring a versatile approach addressing the oxygen dilemma is essential to enable light‐driven synthetic microbial consortia to get closer to practical applications.
LA CONDUCCIÓN TEMERARIA DE VEHÍCULOS DE MOTOR O CICLOMOTORES: RESULTADO TÍPICO “CONCRETO PELIGRO PARA LA VIDA O LA INTEGRIDAD DE LAS PERSONAS”
Authors: González Quinzán Yago
Published: February 2023

El presente estudio tiene por objeto dar respuesta a la cuestión relativa a cuándo concurre el concreto peligro para la vida o la integridad de las personas exigido por el artículo 380 del Código Penal. Para ello, se analiza tanto la doctrina como los pronunciamientos jurisprudenciales más recientes, debiéndose advertir que las decisiones dimanantes de las Audiencias Provinciales demuestran que es discutible, en muchos supuestos, considerar como cierta la causación de un riesgo grave e inminente para las personas como exige el tipo penal. En este sentido, se exponen los parámetros esenciales que debe reunir una concreta situación para calificarla como realmente peligrosa y el círculo de sujetos que debe resultar afectado. Como cláusula de cierre, se realiza una breve referencia al tipo subjetivo del delito, caracterizado por el dolo de peligro.
Kompetenzprofile und Anreizinstrumente im Controlling
Authors: Knauer Thorsten , Nikiforow Nicole , Stoepel Lennart , Wagener Sebastian
Published: February 2023

Stellenanzeigen vermitteln einen Eindruck von der vakanten Stelle und verdeutlichen sowohl die zu erwartenden Aufgaben als auch die erforderlichen Qualifikationen. Die analysierten Kompetenzprofile zeigen, dass Controller weiterhin als Entscheidungsunterstützer gefordert sind. Gleichzeitig müssen Unternehmen mit den Stellenanzeigen auch potenzielle Mitarbeiter überzeugen und möchten sich daher als attraktiver Arbeitgeber positionieren. Traditionelle Formen der Incentivierung, insbesondere eine ansprechende Vergütung, sind heutzutage hierfür nicht mehr ausreichend. Vielmehr setzen die Unternehmen auf neuere Anreizinstrumente wie flexible Arbeitszeitmodelle, Mitarbeiterförderung und Gesundheitsvorsorge.
Crystalline structure of cellulose in wood after chemical modification using cyclic acid anhydrides (maleic and succinic)
Authors: Teacă Carmen-Alice
Published: February 2023

The chemical modification of wood can be directed to improve various properties, e.g., the dimensional stability, hardness properties, and/or durability properties, against weathering. In this study, a Romanian softwood species Abies alba Mill. was treated and chemically modified using two cyclic acid anhydrides, i.e., maleic and succinic, to improve its interfacial properties relative to unmodified wood. Structural changes, with focus on the evolution of crystalline part in wood after chemical modification, the water absorption, and the water repellent efficiency, were determined. Maleic anhydride exhibited a lower reactivity towards wood substrate than succinic anhydride, presumably because of their different chemical structure (maleic anhydride is very sensitive to the presence of water). It was found that the percentage of water absorption was diminished, primarily after the succinic anhydride treatment. The chemically modified wood was characterized via Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy and wide-angle X-ray diffraction methods. The crystalline part from wood structure was evidenced in relation to the employed anhydride in chemical modification approach.
Overview of trends and prospects of electric transport development in the EU and assessment of economic / «climate» efficiency of electromob operation
Authors:   General Energy Institute of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 172 Antonovycha str., Kyiv, 03150, Ukraine, Ivanenko Nataliia
Published: February 2023

The share of electric vehicles in the world's total vehicle fleet is growing rapidly, given the urgency of global climate change and the limited resources of fossil fuels. Another important aspect is the impact of the electric vehicles use on the functioning of power systems, for example for voltage regulation, which is important for the functioning of the UES of Ukraine against the background of declining electricity consumption. It should be noted that important feature of EV is the opportunity to change charging consumption during the day. It is possible to remove charging consumption to the night time due to different regulatory and/or stipulating measures. Certain advantages and disadvantages of EV are identified, which allows making an informed choice. In particular, the biggest advantages are the economic and «climatic» efficiency of their operation, and the biggest disadvantages are the high cost of EV and batteries, as well as the limited infrastructure of charging stations. Given technological progress, many shortcomings are becoming less significant. The aim of the article is to analyze the state and prospects of development of the electric car fleet in the EU, as well as to assess the environmental and «climatic» efficiency of EV operation per 1 km. A method for assessing the environmental and «climatic» efficiency of operation of electric vehicles per 1 km is proposed, which allows to determine in which countries these indicators are more favorable for the development of electric transport, and in which it is necessary to use stimulating legislative measures. An assessment of the environmental and «climatic» efficiency of electric vehicles in the EU are given. It is determined that the environmental efficiency of EV operation in Europe is from 9 to 18 eurocents per 1 km. «Climatic» efficiency of EV operation in Europe is from 5 to 20 g of CO2 per 1 km. For comparison, these figures in Ukraine are 15 eurocents per 1 km and 20 g of CO2 per 1 km. Keywords: sustainable transportation development, electric vehicles, energy efficiency, «climate» efficiency
Review of the state of air pollution by energy objects in Ukraine
Authors:   General Energy Institute of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 172 Antonovycha str., Kyiv, 03150, Ukraine, Zaporozhets Artur , Babak Vitalii ,   General Energy Institute of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 172 Antonovycha str., Kyiv, 03150, Ukraine, Sverdlova Anastasiia ,   General Energy Institute of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 172 Antonovycha str., Kyiv, 03150, Ukraine, Shcherbak Leonid ,   General Energy Institute of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 172 Antonovycha str., Kyiv, 03150, Ukraine, Kuts Yurii ,   National Technical University of Ukraine "Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute", pr. Peremohy, 37, Kyiv, 03056, Ukraine
Published: February 2023

Objective information about the state of air pollution is the basis for implementing measures to ensure conditions for the safe living of the population and improve the environmental pollution monitoring network. The purpose of the work is to study the impact of energy facilities (enterprises consuming different types of fuels) on atmospheric air pollution and its spatial and temporal distribution in cities and regions of Ukraine. The relevance of the work is confirmed by the fact that Ukraine, according to the World Health Organization, has the highest mortality rate from diseases caused by polluted air. The article considers general approaches to the functioning of the air pollution monitoring system in Ukraine and the features of the formation of the local air pollution index. The article discusses the most common pollutants generated at energy-intensive enterprises in Ukraine, in particular benzo(a)pyrene (C20H12), sulfur dioxide (SO2), dust, carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NxOy), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), carbon disulfide (CS2), hydrogen fluoride (HF), ammonia (NH3), phenol (C6H6O) and others. Statistical information about emissions of pollutants (CO2, SO2, NO2, CO, PM10, PM2,5, PAHs, Zn, Pb, Cu, Cr, Ni, As) into the air from stationary sources of pollution for the period 1990-2018 was analyzed and visualized. The dynamics of chemical air pollution in different cities and regions of Ukraine are analyzed in detail. For some cities (Kyiv, Dnipro, Odesa, Kharkiv), energy-intensive enterprises and types of pollutants emitted into the air have been identified. It is shown that among the most polluted cities are Mariupol, Dnipro, Odesa, Kamianske, Kyiv, Kryvyi Rih, Lutsk, Lysychansk, Mykolaiv, Sloviansk, Kramatorsk, Rubizhne, Lviv, Zaporizhzhia, Lysychansk, Kherson, Kremenchuk, and among the most polluting regions are Donetsk, Dnipropetrovsk, Ivano-Frankivsk, Zaporizhzhya, Lviv, Vinnytsia, Kyiv, Cherkasy, Poltava. These regions need priority implementation of modern air pollution monitoring systems. Keywords: air pollution, chemical pollution, stationary sources, energy objects, pollution dynamics, maximum permissible concentration
Overview of materials and coatings emission coefficient control methods
Authors:   General Energy Institute of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 172 Antonovycha str., Kyiv, 03150, Ukraine, Dekusha Oleg , Kovtun Svitlana ,   General Energy Institute of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 172 Antonovycha str., Kyiv, 03150, Ukraine, Burova Zinaida ,   National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, 15, Heroyiv Oborony str., 03041, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: February 2023

The emissivity of a coating and materials determines the intensity of radiation heat exchange on the surface of the object under study. Therefore experimental determination is important to ensure the necessary thermal protection characteristics of structures. The article considers methods of emissivity control, which are currently regulated by the main standards ASTM E408-13, ISO 9050:2003, C835-06, C1371-15. The methods of experimental determination of the emissivity can be divided into two large groups: optical and thermal. Spectrometric is the most widespread optical method. The technique of spectrometric research in determining the curve of specular reflection, measured in a wide range of wavelengths at an angle of incidence of the radiation close to normal. Based on the obtained results, the average value of the normal and hemispherical emissivity of the surface is calculated. Among the thermal methods of experimental determination of the emissivity the following have become widespread: radiation, calorimetric, regular mode method, and the method of continuous heating at a constant rate. The stationary systems with a wide range of research temperatures and portable express devices for control at temperatures close to room temperature are used to measure the emissivity. In stationary systems for measuring the emissivity, which apply thermal methods, heat fluxes between the object under investigation and some emitter, as well as the temperature of the structure elements, are usually determined. But these methods cannot be used in the control of products. Therefore, it is promising to develop a method for measuring the emissivity which will non-destructive and in same do not require additional standard samples for comparations. Keywords: express control, emissivity, emissometers, spectrophotometers, reflectometers