bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Más allá de la planificación del alta hospitalaria: El espacio del trabajo social en los hospitales de tercer nivel
Authors:   Universidad de Barcelona, España, Casas-Martí Glòria , Casas-Martí Joan ,   Universidad de Barcelona, España
Published: January 2024

El artículo examina el papel del trabajo social en el ámbito hospitalario y su contribución a una atención integral de las personas hospitalizadas. El objetivo principal de la investigación es comprender la posición y función de los y las trabajadoras sociales hospitalarias en relación con la evolución del concepto de salud y el desarrollo del trabajo social sanitario como disciplina académica. Se ha utilizado una metodología cualitativa, con entrevistas exploratorias a trabajadoras sociales de un centro hospitalario de tercer nivel español, una de ellas con funciones de coordinadora. Los resultados obtenidos revelan que el trabajo social hospitalario desafía el modelo biomédico hegemónico, viendo paulatinamente incrementado su nivel de reconocimiento institucional. Se destaca especialmente el esfuerzo por focalizarse en el abordaje de los factores sociales que interfieren (y son interferidos por) el estado de salud de las personas hospitalizadas, además de la preocupación por avanzar hacia una planificación proactiva y precoz del alta hospitalaria que asegure una gestión responsable de los flujos de pacientes, una transición adecuada después del alta y la continuidad asistencial. No obstante, también se identifican algunos desafíos, como la restrictiva asociación del trabajo social con la gestión del alta o las limitaciones resultantes del incremento de tareas administrativas y políticas de austeridad, lo que puede afectar la capacidad de las profesionales para desarrollar funciones de notoria importancia como las de acompañamiento o defensa de derechos. En conclusión, se resalta la necesidad de seguir construyendo un trabajo social hospitalario que permita el cuestionamiento de las estructuras dominantes de atención hospitalaria, poniendo en el centro la ética del cuidado y la justicia social. Además, se subraya la importancia de reconocer y valorar plenamente las contribuciones únicas que las trabajadoras sociales aportan a fin de promover su visibilidad y reconocimiento para asegurar una práctica profesional que aborde lo biopsicosocial en su conjunto.
For the Record
Authors: Stroshane Eric
Published: January 2024

Schools, Privacy
Cataloging Practices and Access Methods for Videos at ARL and Public Libraries in the United States
Authors: Ho Jeannette
Published: January 2024

Libraries may vary in the level and fullness of cataloging they give to video recordings and in the methods they use to provide access to them. This paper reports the results of a survey exploring the level of cataloging and access methods applied to videos, the degree to which catalogers view screen credits, and how often various credit information is included and used to create access points in catalog records in selected U.S. public and Association of Research Libraries member libraries. Resources for cataloging videos also were examined. Results showed that most libraries cataloged videos at the full level and provided access points to similar types of information in catalog records. Academic librarians reported viewing videos and providing access points to certain information to a greater extent than public librarians did. This study offers a general picture of the credit information libraries include or omit in video catalog records.
Chronological Terms and Period Subdivisions in LCSH, RAMEAU, and RSWK
Authors: Frommeyer Jutta
Published: January 2024

After a fundamental examination of the phenomenon of time, this paper presents the history, authority, and structure of period subdivisions and chronological terms in the three subject heading languages LCSH, RAMEAU, and RSWK. Their usefulness in online searching is demonstrated using the online catalogs of the Library of Congress, the Bibliothèque nationale de France, and the Deutsche Bibliothek and is compared to the search options in selected digital encyclopedias (Encyclopaedia Britannica, Encarta, Brockhaus-Enzyklopädie). The author develops a model for common time retrieval across all three online catalogs, outlines the conditions for that model (time period code, chronological code, and chronology authority file), and proposes a search interface.
The Acquisitions Librarian as Change Agent in the Transition to the Electronic Library
Authors: Atkinson Ross
Published: January 2024

All information services, regardless of the format used to convey the information, can be divided into the two fundamental categories of delivery and mediation. Delivery is the less visible but no less critical service responsible for shifting the physical information package among different locations. Delivery will become an increasingly significant—but no less invisible—function after the arrival of routine electronic publishing. Acquisitions administrators—who, along with circulation, interlibrary loan, and preservation officers, have primary responsibility for delivery in the paper-based academic library of today—need to begin planning now to expand their knowledge and responsibilities to respond to the new requirements for information delivery in the rapidly approaching age of networked information. If they can achieve such objectives, acquisitions staff will play a key role in improving the future contributions of the library to the academy.
Significantly Different?
Authors: Saunders Laura , Jordan Mary
Published: January 2024

There is a widely held belief in the library profession that public and academic libraries are substantially different from one another, with regard to patron base, collection emphases, and overall service goals. These differences in focus and collection suggest that reference librarians will need a different set of skills and competencies in each setting. As a result, library students are often encouraged to choose a career path and plan a curriculum that focuses on one setting, and professional librarians may encounter resistance when they try to move from one setting after several years of experience in the other. Yet, there is very little research to confirm these popular beliefs that reference services in the two settings are significantly different. Based on a nationwide survey of practicing reference librarians in public and academic libraries, this study explores the extent to which professional competencies and expectations for reference librarians vary between academic and public library settings.
What about the 1%? Transforming Current Literacy Pedagogy for Students with Significant Support Needs
Authors: Kleekamp Monica C.
Published: January 2024

Drawing on current literature and empirical examples, this three-part conceptual framework provides pedagogical guidance for literacy educators supporting students with significant support needs.
Research And Policy: Unboxing Difference: Cultivating Inclusive Literacy Classrooms Informed by Disability Studies
Authors: Collins Kathleen M.
Published: January 2024

This column equips teachers with key revelations from Disability Studies in an effort to inform their conscious and deliberate design of inclusive literacy instruction.
Civic Literacies: From Talk to Action: Classroom Journals as a Scaffold for Civic Engagement
Authors: O’Keefe Tim
Published: January 2024

As the second piece of our year-long inquiry asking “What does it mean to prepare students for civic engagement?,” Tim O’Keefe shares how his second-and third-grade students learn to observe the world more closely and ask critical questions about those things that appear to lack adequate explanation or justice.
Children’s Literature Reviews: Cultivating Inclusive Classrooms with the Use of Children’s Literature
Authors: Santiago Úrsula Tua
Published: January 2024

This column describes a three-pronged approach to incorporating into a classroom a book that represents some aspect(s) of diversity.
Analisis penerapan penguatan permodalan oleh Otoritas Jasa Keuangan di PT. Bank SulutGo
Authors: Eman Golda Amelia
Published: January 2024

This study is based on of the latest policy by the Financial Services Authority through POJK No. 12/POJK.03/2020 concerning Commercial Bank Consolidation to maintain the stability of the financial and banking sector from the impact of the economic and monetary crisis. The object of this study is PT. Bank SulutGo as a bank of North Sulawesi Province in Indonesia. This POJK regulates the increase in Minimum Core Capital for Commercial Banks which will be carried out in stages from 2020 to 2022 amounting to IDR 3 trillion and for Regional Development Banks (BPD) until 31 December 2024. This research uses a qualitative research method which explains descriptively the analysis of the phenomenon of banking development, especially PT. Bank SulutGo due to the implementation of OJK new regulations using data in the form of narratives and Banking Financial Performance Reports. The shareholders over the last three years have made efforts to deposit capital and increase their share ownership, but it is predicted that until 2024, PT. Bank SulutGo has not been able to meet the bank's minimum core capital of Rp. 3 trillion. In order not to be affected by the OJK's exit policy, PT. Bank SulutGo can choose a consolidation strategy for going concern, the consolidation strategy is appropriate for PT. Bank SulutGo in complying with OJK regulations is forming a Joint Business Group (KUB).
Penentuan biaya produksi dengan metode direct costing sebagai dasar penetapan harga jual pada UD Lourdes Tompasobaru
Authors: Kolompoy Claudio , Pusung Rudy J. , Maradesa Djeini
Published: January 2024

Direct costing is an accounting method used to calculate production costs. This method only calculates production costs that are directly related to the product and can be traced directly to the product. Normal pricing is the determination of the selling price which is determined by adding future costs with a percentage mark up or addition above the total costs calculated using a certain formula. The aim of this research is to determine the determination of production costs using the direct costing method as the basis for determining selling prices. The type of research used is descriptive qualitative. The results of this research show that there is a difference between determining production costs using the company's simple calculation method and calculations using the direct costing method. Because of this difference in the selling price determination between the owner (actual) and according to direct costing with normal pricing, there is a quite high difference, where the selling price determined by the company is higher than according to the direct costing method with normal pricing.
تقدير دالة الطلب على النقود في اليمن
Authors: العامري د.عادل قائد , عبدالجبار د.توفيق محمد
Published: January 2024

يهدف البحث إلى محاولة التعرف على العلاقة طويلة وقصيرة الأجل بين الأرصدة النقدية الحقيقية وبين العوامل المحددة لها (الدخل الحقيقي، ومعدل التضخم، وسعر الفائدة، وسعر الصرف) في الاقتصاد اليمني باستخدام بيانات شهرية تغطي الفترة من يناير 2005 إلى نوفمبر 2014. وقد استخدم منهج الانحدار الذاتي لفجوات الإبطاء الموزعة للتكامل المشترك (Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) approach to cointegration)، والذي يعد من المناهج القياسية الحديثة المستخدمة في تقدير دالة الطلب على النقود، وتشير نتائج التقدير إلى وجود تأثير معنوي إحصائياً للعوامل المحددة للطلب الحقيقي على النقود بمعناها الواسع في الأجل الطويل في الاقتصاد اليمني. في حين يتأثر الطلب الحقيقي على النقود، في الأجل القصير، بكل من الدخل الحقيقي، وسعر الفائدة، وسعر الصرف، فقط، ومع ذلك كشفت النتائج عن انخفاض أثر كل من سعر الفائدة، وسعر الصرف في الأجل القصير عنه في الأجل الطويل. كما كشفت نتائج الدراسة من خلال اختبار الاستقرار CUSUM, CUSUMQ Test أن الطلب الحقيقي على النقود بمعناه الواسع تتسم بالاستقرار بما يسمح للسلطات النقدية الاعتماد على دالة الطلب على النقود في صياغة سياسة نقدية فاعلة.
دور استخدام بطاقة الأداء المتوازن لتقييم أداء المصارف الإسلامية
Authors: أحمد نعيمة علي محمد , الفويل د.علي خالد محمد أحمد
Published: January 2024

هدف البحث إلى التعرف على آراء العاملين في المصارف الإسلامية حول الحاجة لاستخدام نظام قياس متوازن متكامل لتقييم الأداء، كما هدف البحث إلى التركيز حول طبيعة العلاقة بين درجة الاهتمام بقياس بعض جوانب الأداء، وأداء المصارف الإسلامية في تلك الجوانب، والأهمية النسبية للأهداف الاستراتيجية التي تسعى إلى تحقيقها، والتعرف على المنظورات الرئيسة لبطاقة الأداء المتوازن، وتمثلت مشكلة البحث بمعرفة أثر أبعاد بطاقة الأداء المتوازن المتمثلة في (البعد المالي، بعد العملاء، بعد العمليات الداخلية، بعد التعلم والنمو) على الأداء في المصارف الإسلامية.
 ولتحقيق أهداف البحث تم اختبار الفرضيات التالية: توجد علاقة ذات دلالة إحصائية بين استخدام بطاقة الأداء المتوازن وتقييم الأداء بالمصارف الإسلامية، ومنها تتفرع الفروض التالية: توجد علاقة ذات دلالة إحصائية بين البعد المالي وبين تقييم الأداء بالمصارف الإسلامية، توجد علاقة ذات دلالة إحصائية بين بعد العملاء وبين تقييم الأداء بالمصارف الإسلامية، توجد علاقة ذات دلالة إحصائية بين بعد العمليات الداخلية وبين تقييم الأداء بالمصارف الإسلامية، توجد علاقة ذات دلالة إحصائية بين بعد التعلم و النمو و بين تقييم الأداء بالمصارف الإسلامية، واستخدمت الباحثة المنهج الوصفي التحليلي.
 توصل البحث الى مجموعة من النتائج أهمها: استغلال المصارف الإسلامية لمواردها وتطوير خدماتها بكفاءة يؤدي إلى زيادة ، وأظهر البحث بأن تحسين كفاءة عمليات التشغيل الداخلية تؤدي إلى خفض التكاليف وزيادة العائد، كما أن بطاقة الأداء المتوازن بأبعادها الأربعة المتمثلة في (البعد وبعد العملاء وبعد العمليات الداخلية وبعد النمو) لها تأثير على جودة الأداء بالمصارف الإسلامية في المملكة العربية السعودية.
 كما توصل البحث إلى مجموعة من التوصيات أهمها: ضرورة استخدام بطاقة الأداء المتوازن في المصارف الإسلامية في المملكة العربية السعودية كأسلوب جديد لقياس وتقييم الأداء بالاعتماد على محاورها الأربعة بشكل متكامل لتحقيق أهدافها الاستراتيجية من أجل تعزيز مركزها التنافسي، العمل على استقطاب الكوادر المؤهلة ذات الخبرات الفنية والعلمية القادرة على تصميم وتطبيق بطاقة الأداء المتوازن بكفاءة وفاعلية في المصارف الإسلامية، وضرورة تطوير بطاقة الأداء المتوازن لمواكبة  التطورات المتسارعة للبيئة المصرفية.
المشاركة السياسية للمرأة اليمنية 1990-2010
Authors: الحاوري د.علي أحمد علي
Published: January 2024

هذا البحث يتناول قضية المرأة ومشاركتها السياسية، ويشير إلى الاهتمام المتزايد بهذه القضية في العقود القليلة الماضية. يركز البحث على الدور الذي يمكن أن تلعبه المرأة في عملية التقدم والتنمية، ويؤكد على أن التنمية يجب أن تتوجه نحو الإنسان نفسه وجميع مكونات المجتمع، بما في ذلك المرأة. يتطرق البحث أيضاً إلى تاريخ المشاركة السياسية للمرأة، ويشير إلى أن المرأة اليمنية، على وجه الخصوص، لديها تاريخ طويل في الحياة السياسية. يشير البحث إلى أن المرأة اليمنية، على الرغم من القيود التي واجهتها، استطاعت أن تحقق تقدماً ملحوظاً في مجال المشاركة السياسية، خاصة بعد إعلان الوحدة اليمنية في عام 1990. يشير البحث أيضاً إلى الدور الهام الذي لعبته الملكة اليمنية السبئية بلقيس في الحياة السياسية اليمنية.
Effect of Leadership, Employee Commitment, and Work Motivation, on Employees' Performance
Authors: Getnet Daniel , Fujie Alemayehu Turga
Published: January 2024

This study aimed to test and analyze the effect of leadership, employee commitment, and work motivation on employee performance. The researcher employed a correlational research design, which is suitable for examining the relationships between variables. The data collected from the questionnaires was analyzed using regression model fit and ANOVA. Regression model fit helps to determine how well the model predicts the outcome variable. At the same time, ANOVA assesses the significance of the relationships between employee performance, employee commitment, work motivation, and job satisfaction. The findings indicate that the model accurately predicted job satisfaction 64% of the time, which is demonstrated by the significant F value (F = 113.007; P = 0.01).

Furthermore, the ANOVA findings show that employee performance (F (6, 188) = 28.053, p. 001), employee commitment (F (6, 188) = 39.889, p. 001), and work motivation (F (6, 188) = 33.471, p. 001) have a noteworthy impact on employees' Performance. Therefore, it is recommended that organizations prioritize and enhance work motivation, employee commitment, and work climate to improve job satisfaction and employee performance. Based on the findings, organizations need to focus on improving work motivation, employee commitment, and work climate to enhance job satisfaction and employee performance. Leadership styles that have a minimal impact on employee performance should be improved and given priority in these efforts.
ML-Driven Facial Synthesis from Spoken Words Using Conditional GANs
Authors:   B.Tech IT 4th Year, Institute of Technology & Management Gida Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, India., Srivastava Vaishnavi , Srivastava Sakshi , Chauhan Sakshi , Yadav Divyakshi
Published: January 2024

A Human Brain may translate a person's voice to its corresponding face image even if never seen before. Training adeep learning network to do the same can be used in detecting human faces based on their voice, which may be used in findinga criminal that we only have a voice recording for. The goal in this paper is to build a Conditional Generative Adversarial Network that produces face images from human speeches which can then be recognized by a face recognition model to identifythe owner of the speech. The model was trained, and the face recognition model gave an accuracy of 80.08% in training and 56.2% in testing. Compared to the basic GAN model, this model has improved the results by about 30%. Key Word: Face image synthesis, Generative adversarial network, Face Recognition
Environmental impacts of economic growth: a dynamic panel threshold model
Authors:   University of Finance- Marketing, Hồ Thị Lam , Lê Hồng Ngọc , Nguyễn Minh Huệ Trân
Published: January 2024

The paper uses the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) theory to study the environmental impact of economic growth in 17 Asian countries in the period 1996-2019 and at the same time search for the income threshold which causes a change in direction of impact. A dynamic panel threshold regression model is used. The findings show that economic growth has an inverted U-shaped nonlinear effect on environmental degradation. Accordingly, economic growth increases the impact on degradation when GDP per capita is low, but when it exceeds the threshold point (12487 USD thousand/person/year), economic growth helps to improve environmental quality. When comparing the difference in impact between the group of developed and developing countries, our results again confirm these findings. This result provided evidence that the EKC hypothesis exists in Asian countries. In addition, energy consumption, foreign direct investment, trade openness, and institutional quality significantly impact CO2 emissions. Some policy implications are suggested to reduce environmental degradation and promote sustainable economic development in Asia based on the research results
Banking with green growth: International experience- orientation for BIDV and suggestions for Vietnamese commercial banks in the future
Authors:   Bank for investment and Development of Vietnam, Lê Ngọc Lâm
Published: January 2024

In the context of climate change and environmental pollution becoming increasingly serious due to human economic activities, green growth has recently become a topic that has received a lot of attention from both policymakers and scientists. In recent years, the Government has proactively introduced many policies and legal documents aimed at applying climate change according to commitments in the 2021 United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (COP26) on reducing net emissions to zero by 2050, reducing greenhouse gas emissions by 30% by 2030. In particular, the banking sector is considered to have an extremely important role in promoting green growth, towards a sustainable and environmentally friendly economy. This paper presents the theoretical basis of green growth and the role of the banking system in green growth as well as highlights international experiences from Germany and China on green growth in the banking sector. On that basis, this paper proposes some orientations for the Joint Stock Commercial Bank for Investment and Development of Vietnam (BIDV) in particular and commercial banks in Vietnam in general to contribute to promoting green growth and sustainable finance in Vietnam
Use of CAR-T cells for the treatment of relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma: a systematic review
Authors: Sakamoto Satchie , Sgnaolin Vanessa
Published: January 2024

A systematic review of published articles based on randomized clinical trials was conducted to ascertain the efficacy or perspective of using CAR-T cell therapy for refractory multiple myeloma. The PubMed database was searched with the combination of terms “multiple myeloma”, “refractory multiple myeloma”, “CAR T-cell”, and the PRISMA criteria were followed. Of the 78 articles found, only 5 were selected. The studies used different treatment protocols and four different types of CAR-T cells. All studies obtained interesting results in terms of increased progression-free survival and negative minimal residual disease responses. Some authors detected an expansion of CAR-T cells and noted dose-dependent relationship between treatment effectiveness and serum BCMA levels. Although the results were promising, a small number of patients still relapsed a few months after CAR-T cell infusion. Therefore, this new line of therapy should be further investigated, as it significantly increases progression-free survival and improves quality of life.
A proposal for applying the Kaizen method in youth and professional sports
Authors: Jotov Milica , Ratković Tamara
Published: January 2024

The purpose of this study is to examine the prevalence and applicability of the Kaizen approach in sports. Because it is a widespread phenomenon with great social and cultural significance, sport is prone to highly dynamic, discontinuous, non-linear, and uncertain changes. Major changes (kawar)1 that affect sport as a social and economically important activity in today's unstable environment pose risks to both the management and the player. The idea behind using the Kaizen approach in sports and the sports industry is to encourage individual participation and continual improvement through a clear and detailed procedure that is tailored to the genuine requirements of every professional athlete. Globalization and socio-technological advancements have had a significant impact on sports and sports activities, and success is now solely determined by monetary value. The Kaizen method can improve the efficiency of every individual, every athlete, and even sports organizations. As a team, the management of the sports organization can accomplish the goals set before itself more quickly with the application of the appropriate Kaizen method, with the quality setting of the operational and logistics management, with gradual and continuous improvement of the makeup and organization of its operations. It is acknowledged that spreading the Kaizen method outside of its country of origin is a powerful tool that aims at the rationalization and effective utilization of all available resources. The goal of the Kaizen technique is constant improvement, which eliminates all unrealistic factors that influence how sports values, such as results, are achieved.
Problemi nastave muzičke kulture u mlađim razredima osnovne škole na području Školske uprave Novi Pazar
Authors: Nikšić Naka
Published: January 2024

In order to identify the current problems in teaching music culture in the Novi Pazar region and find solutions to overcome them, and therefore to improve teaching, we conducted an empirical study on a sample of 100 teachers from the territory of Novi Pazar, Sjenica and Tutin. Comparative, descriptive and content analysis methods were used in the research. According to the problem and goal of the topic, as a relevant research technique we used a survey with a suitable research instrument - a questionnaire for teachers. The results of the research show that 57.4% of schools do not have an instrument with chordal accompaniment, and even 85.71% of them have instruments from Orff's instrumentarium, and that both, where they exist, are not always available to teachers. All schools have CD players and internet, but they are not always available to teachers either. A certain number of teachers (as many as 40%) are dissatisfied with the textbook sets for this subject, because they do not contain CDs with recorded music material. As many as 75% of the surveyed teachers believe that they possess sufficient musical and methodical competences in the field of teaching methods of musical culture, and only 25% of them need to strengthen their methodical competences in this field. As many as 77% of the investigated teachers point out that the pedagogue, and 80% of them that the counselor and counselor-counselor never visited their music culture classes. The results of the research also show that none of the examined teachers has ever attended a seminar or any other form of training in the field of musical culture teaching methodology. After the quantitative and qualitative analysis of the research results, conclusions were drawn and specific proposals were given for overcoming the existing problems.
Complicity among female perpetrators of crimes with special reference to cases from the Republic of North Macedonia
Authors: Maksimova Elena , Koshevaliska Olga , Naneva Ivona
Published: January 2024

Historical teachings and attempts to understand female's overall participation in criminality have shown us that at certain moments the idea that science had about women's participation is reduced to their inciting or helping in the commission of criminality. Namely, it is considered that the "chivalrous" behavior of the man contributed to less and less frequent detection of the criminal behavior of the woman. One of the characteristics that prevails in the majority of cases when a woman appears as a perpetrator of a crime, is that she does not do it alone. In a woman, the affect prevails and she is independent in the role of a criminal when it is done in affection, especially when committing murders or serious physical injuries to an intimate partner or a close person, but when she seriously engages in criminal, recidivist and professional activities, she is usually accompanied by other persons, so she appears as a co-perpetrator or as an accomplice in the crime. We think that this topic is interesting to consider since that the overall statistics might be very different in relation to the total participation of women in criminality if they are left alone at any moment, and also depending on who appears in the role of a co-perpetrator. Through an analysis of the theoretical understanding of the problem and statistics in our country, we want to check whether such understandings are correct and whether we could contribute to the understanding and prevention of female crime in North Macedonia and the neighbourhood.
Experience with using BBC micro: bit in teaching
Authors: Minić Siniša , Deretić Nemanja
Published: January 2024

Micro: bit is a new learning device that makes it easy to learn programming and electronics. This device enables the development of logical thinking, problem solving skills and digital literacy in students in general. Using the micro: bit enables relatively easy programming in different programming environments on different computers and mobile phones. Additional functionalities of the micro: bit are achieved by extending it with special elements. The research was conducted in a primary school in the Republic of Serbia. The pupils were divided into a control and an experimental group, with the students in the experimental group using the micro: bit device. The results of the work show that the use of the micro: bit in class has a positive effect on the students' performance in the subject "Technique and Technology" for the lesson "Managing processes and things remotely using information and communication technologies". In addition, the students' thoughts about the use of the micro: bit in class were revealed.
Standby letter of credit as a means of security in international contractual relations
Authors: Dukić-Mijatović Marijana , Đorđević Dragan
Published: January 2024

The subject of this paper is a type of letter of credit that is not commonly encountered in the practices of domestic banks. It is not specifically regulated by domestic legislation; however, its significance is expected to grow in the international business relations of our businessmen with companies from other countries where the use of this payment security instrument is common in the banking industry. This type of letter of credit is theoretically of disputed legal nature, raising questions about whether it qualifies as a letter of credit, a type of guarantee, or a distinct legal institute. The focus of the research is on the standby letter of credit as a security measure in international contractual relations, particularly in sales and construction contracts. In sales contracts, the standby letter of credit serves to secure the interests of the seller, while in construction contracts, it can secure interests of both the client the contractor, depending on the party for whose benefit it was issued. The paper aims to define the standby letter of credit, explain its role in protecting the rights and interests of contracting parties, and explore its legal nature. In particular, we will conduct a comparative analysis between this legal institute and a 'classic' documentary letter of credit and a bank guarantee. In our legal theory, and to a greater extent in American and English legal theory, there are numerous works that deal with the topic of standby letters of credit. However, the legal regulations related to banking operations have changed over time, which requires a fresh perspective. The goal of this work is to familiarize our companies and banks engaged in transactions with foreign entities, where the issuance of this type of letter of credit is customary, with the role of a standby letter of credit as an instrument for ensuring contractual obligations. In addition to that, the paper aims to explore the legal relationships established with this type of letter of credit.
Media and criminal behavior: Between social responsibility and destruction
Authors: Bjelajac Željko , Filipović Aleksandar
Published: January 2024

This paper examines the interplay between media and criminal activities, highlighting the numerous stereotypes and misconceptions about criminality that often originate from the media's construction of reality, driven by sensationalism and profit-seeking. In scrutinizing the media's engagement with criminal matters, the paper comprehensively analyzes the intricate dynamic between providing informative content and the allure of sensationalism. The paper accentuates the pivotal role of the media in disseminating information to the public, promoting justice, and stimulating discourse on the causal factors and repercussions of criminal behavior. The paper underscores the adverse societal impacts of the media, including the propagation of disinformation, the endorsement of violence and aggression, the cultivation of media dependency, and the ramifications for mental health. It meticulously explores the dissemination of false news, identifies sources of disinformation, and formulates strategies to mitigate this predicament. The nexus between the media's portrayal of violence and tangible instances of aggressive conduct is scrutinized, delving into industry self-regulation and the roles played by family, education, and society in addressing this issue. Furthermore, the paper conducts an in-depth analysis of how the media portrays criminal activities, with a particular emphasis on popular television genres centered on criminal themes. It elucidates the psychological dimension of the appeal of such narratives, offering insights into diverse motivators prompting viewers to identify with criminal acts. In conclusion, the paper presents an empirical research into the perceptions of citizens in Serbia concerning the influence exerted by both legacy and new media.
The impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on education: Balancing advancements and ethical considerations on human rights
Authors: Stošić Lazar , Janković Aleksandra
Published: January 2024

The primacy of artificial intelligence (AI) in education has become increasingly relevant in recent times, aiming to facilitate the easier acquisition of material. There is a growing emphasis on the implementation of AI and the search for ways to incorporate it into everyday work. However, this story brings into play ethical, copyright, and many other rights. The text discusses the growing role of artificial intelligence (AI) in education, emphasizing its potential benefits and ethical challenges. It explores the use of models like Generative Pre-trained Transformer (GPT) to enhance learning processes, yet highlights concerns related to transparency and ethics.
Review of the definition of crimes against humanity in caselaw of the ad hoc tribunals
Authors: Budiša Bojan , Dragojlović Joko , Babić Branislav
Published: January 2024

Crime against humanity is one of the oldest international crimes, sanctioned by the international community since the early twentieth century. Throughout the twentieth century, the concept of this international crime has evolved, and its definition and scope have undergone changes from the Nuremberg Tribunal, through ad hoc international tribunals for the former Yugoslavia and Rwanda, up to the Statute of the International Criminal Court. However, ever since the first codification of this international crime, there has been a challenge in fully determining it. This is evident from continuous efforts at the United Nations to adopt a comprehensive special convention that will codify all rules related to crimes against humanity. This paper will demonstrate the development of the definition of crimes against humanity through statutory prescriptions in the statutes and jurisprudence of ad hoc tribunals and the International Criminal Court, which have significantly influenced the definition of crimes against humanity.
On local self-government and its constitutional position in Serbia
Authors: Lapčević Milivoje , Rapajić Milan
Published: January 2024

Local self-government is a form of decision-making and governance in local communities established on smaller parts of state territories. It is exercised either directly by its citizens, or by their elected representatives, as well as by other local bodies. The local authority, executed by local bodies, theoretically represents the government of citizens in local communities. Local self-government can be considered as the basic organization of power, and the history of constitutionalism cannot be imagined without it. In this paper, the authors first present the basic characteristics of self-government. These include: 1) the existence of a defined scope for certain local self-government activities, executed by local government bodies without interference from the central government; 2) citizens' entitlement to choose their representatives in local communities through direct elections or to be directly involved in making decisions on important topics of interest to the local community; 3) local institutions' independence in terms of their organization and personnel; 4) local self-government having its own independent financing sources (taxes, own property); 5) local autonomy protected by the constitution and laws to ensure the unobstructed work of local self-government. In this paper, the authors analyze the elements of the constitutional position of local self-government in Serbia, including its concept, the method of decision-making, jurisdiction, the right to self-organization, and the protection of local self-government.
Juvenile imprisonment
Authors: Grbić Bogdanka
Published: January 2024

Juvenile delinquency is a negative social phenomenon and a socio-legal problem that has always existed in all societies of the world. In our country, the social response to juvenile crime has evolved over time. Initially, juveniles were treated as adults, and the primary purpose of punishment was repression. However, with the adoption of the Law on Juvenile Offenders and Criminal Protection of Juveniles in 2005, significant changes occurred. The new system of punishment primarily focuses on the protection, correction, and rehabilitation of juveniles. For this purpose, corrective orders are issued first. However, when the dimensions of juvenile crime surpass the possibilities offered by the application of corrective orders, criminal sanctions are imposed. Juvenile imprisonment is the only punishment recognized by our juvenile criminal legislation. It is applied as an "ultima ratio" for older juveniles, only when the legal requirements are met. The subject of the paper is precisely the analysis of the content of the sentence of juvenile imprisonment, the legal conditions for imposing it and the manner of its execution. The aim is to review the fundamental positive legal decisions in the Republic of Serbia related to the sentence of juvenile imprisonment and the criminal legal status of juveniles.
Moravska lepotica: A new pepper variety of the Institute for Vegetable Crops Smederevska Palanka
Authors: Cvikić Dejan , Šević Biljana , Adžić Slađan , Savić Slađana , Dervišević Marina , Đurić Nenad
Published: January 2024

Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) is one of the most important vegetable species both because of the areas in which it is grown and because of its diverse uses from fresh to various products in industrial processing. Due to the increasing demand for high-quality pepper fruits for industrial processing, we have set ourselves the goal of creating a new variety of peppers with a high yield and dry matter content. After a multi-year selection process, the Moravska lepotica was created using the pedigree method of selection with a high content of dry matter and color, very large and attractive fruits. It is recognized by the Decision of the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Water Management of the Republic of Serbia, No 320-04-3330/2/2021-11 dated 22.12.2022.
Marker-assisted Ga1-S incorporation into white maize hybrid's parental lines
Authors: Kostadinović Marija , Ristić Danijela , Božinović Sofija , Đorđević-Melnik Olivera , Ignjatović-Micić Dragana , Vančetović Jelena
Published: January 2024

Maize Research Institute Zemun Polje has a marker-assisted backcross breeding (MABB) program aimed to incorporate the strong allele of incompatibility gene Ga1 into parental components of the hybrids with specific traits (white kernel). The main objective of this research was marker-assisted development of the white maize hybrid's parental lines with complete cross-incompatibility to foreign pollens. Ga1-S-tightly-linked molecular markers successfully identified heterozygous plants with a percentage of approximately 50% after all three backcrossings. Regarding the background selection, 69% of progenies had recurrent parent's genome (RPG) above the theoretical value for BC3 generation. Also, a few individuals even had 99%, the value theoretically achieved in the BC6 generation, showing that MABB made a genetic gain in RPG recovery. Foreground selection in this generation aimed to identify homozygous dominant individuals. Out of 264 BC3 F2 plants, 70 (26.5%) were dominant homozygotes, which is in accordance with the expected Mendelian ratio. Progenies of the BC3 F2 homozygous dominant plants were planted alternatively with yellow-kernel maize of the same maturity to check cross-incompatibility. Unfortunately, none of the dominant progenies had a 100% white kernel, most likely due to the presence of modifier genes that increase/decrease the effectiveness of pollen exclusion or that, alternatively, modifiers are lost during the backcrossing. It could be expected that successfully employed functional markers (developed from the sequence polymorphisms present within a functional gene(s) associated with phenotypic trait variations) would outbalance the noted impediments and enhance MABB efficiency to transfer the desired gene(s) controlling simple or complex trait(s) into cultivated varieties.
Effect of different pesticides and European corn borer attack on phytic phosphorus content in maize grain
Authors: Ristić Danijela , Gošić-Dondo Snežana , Kostadinović Marija , Grčak Dragan , Perić Vesna , Čamdžija Zoran , Dragičević Vesna
Published: January 2024

This work aimed to evaluate changes in phytic phosphorus content as the response of three maize hybrids (ZP 457, ZP 5601, and ZP 606) to different pesticide treatments for European Corn Borer (ECB) attacks and, as well as the correlation between damage caused by ECB attack and Pphy content. In the experimental field, maize ears were sampled and dried at a moisture content of 14% for the determination of changes in phytic phosphorus content in the grain. The content of phytic phosphorus was determined using UV / VIS spectrophotometry. Observed results showed the highest content of phytic phosphorus for untreated control for all tested hybrids, compared to pesticide treatments. The content of Pphy in the tested maize kernel samples ranged from 2.12 to 3.40 mg g-1. A significant positive correlation between attacks of larvae and Pphy content could indicate activation of its antioxidative function as a response to damage caused by ECB attack.
Electromyography detection of muscle response in musculus quadriceps femoris of elite volleyball players on different training stimuli
Authors: Radaković Radivoje , Peulić Aleksandar , Kovač Slobodan , Filipović Nenad
Published: January 2024

The aim of this research was the detection of bioelectric potential i, generated in the muscle cells of volleyball players and muscle stimulation, using the electromyography method, during different training stimuli. A set of variables was applied for EMG measurement: measuring bioelectrical activity prior to any training stimulus, measuring after the coordination exercises (athletic - coordination and SAQ exercises, measuring after the proprioception exercises (balance maintaining at the profiboard for 1 minute) and measuring after a thrust at the leg press and a half squat in the maximum strain regime. The study was conducted with 16 players from Serbia National Volleyball Team, Champion of Europe. For the results analysis at the multivariate level, we used the discriminant descriptive data analysis method. After the results analysis, which shows the differences of the measurement values before and after the stimuli and after the proprioception variables at the multivariate level, it can be stated that there are statistically significant differences (p= 0.018311). The conclusion is that the coordination exercises do not produce the acute effect of increasing the muscle bioelectrical activity, Power and strength exercises created statistically significant change in the bioelectrical activity and as such they justify their role in the warming phase, i.e. the preparation of the neuromusculature apparatus for the work with the additional load (weights) in the specific conditions and the requirements of the training process of the elite volleyball players. Proprioceptive exercises created statistically significant difference in the bioelectrical activity, which primarily justifies their preventive and rehabilitative role in the training process and specifically programmed exercise.
Floristic diversity of artificially established stands of different coniferous species in the area of Kosmaj (Serbia)
Authors: Stajić Snežana , Čokeša Vlado , Eremija Saša , Miletić Zoran , Rakonjac Ljubinko , Martać Nikola , Božović Jelena
Published: January 2024

One of the causes of decrease of species diversity of forest ecosystems could be inadequate selection of tree species for afforestation and ameliorations. It is known that by establishing new forest ecosystem habitat conditions change, and thus, edaphic and hydrological conditions and light regime also change, which directly or indirectly reflects on plant species. The research included four artificially established stands (pure or mixed) in the area of Kosmaj, where various coniferous species were introduced in the process of substitution of autochthonous forests of Hungarian oak and Turkey oak. The largest total number of plant species was recorded in artificially established stand of common spruce, Atlas cedar, and Douglas-fir (41). The highest Shannon-Wiener diversity index was recorded in stand of Douglas-fir (3.22), and the lowest in pine stands (2.95-2.97). It was determined by cluster analysis that stand of Austrian pine and stand of Austrian pine and Scots pine have the largest degree of mutual floristic similarity.
Condition of northern red oak trees in the urban environment of Belgrade (Serbia)
Authors: Živanović Ivana , Jovanović Filip , Šurjanac Nenad , Filipović Đorđe , Lučić Aleksandar
Published: January 2024

Forty-two trees of northern red oak (Quercus rubra L.) were examined in the area of the municipality of Savski Venac, Belgrade, to assess the condition of this allochthonous species in Serbia and its adaptability to urban environments. Physical measurements were taken and ratings of vitality and decorativeness were given. The analyzed trees are in very good condition based on their health status (80.95% of trees without visible indication of disease) and the mean values of ratings for vitality (4.45) and decorativeness (3.88). The obtained values of vitality and some physical measurements were greater than those stated in the literature, suggesting that the species has adapted well to the urban environment of Belgrade and it should be considered a suitable landscape tree species for planting in urban areas of Serbia.
Assessment of biotic threats to urban greenery: A case study in Stromovka Park, České Budejovice
Authors: Milosavljević Marija , Tabaković-Tošić Mara , Gavrilović Bojan , Mitrović Suzana , Milovac Željko , Tomić Marko , Eremija Saša
Published: January 2024

Urban greenery, consisting of tree lines, parks and park forests, plays an important role in improving the aesthetics and general well-being of the urban environment. This study focuses on Stromovka Park in České Budejovice and examines the health status of various tree species. The research spans the period from 2021 to 2022 and uses the route method to monitor the occurrence of biotic pests and pathogens, especially mites and insects. Several economically important organisms were identified in the study, including Aceria fraxiniflora (Felt, 1906), Byctiscus betulae (Linnaeus, 1758), Curculio glandium Marsham, 1802, Eriophyes inangulis Nalepa, 1919, Fomes fomentarius (L.) Fr. 1849, Halyomorpha halys (Stål, 1855), Ips typographus (Linnaeus, 1758), Lymantria dispar (Linnaeus, 1758), Loranthus europaeus Jacq., Oxycarenus lavaterae (Fabricius, 1787), Pemphigus spyrothecae Passerini, 1856, Phyllonorycter issikii (Kumata, 1963), Polygraphus poligraphus (Linnaeus, 1758), Prociphilus fraxini (Fabricius, 1777), Rhytisma acerinum Schwein., (1832), Sacchiphantes viridis (Ratzeburg, 1843) and Tetraneura ulmi (Linnaeus, 1758). While most of these organisms showed normal, natural abundance values, increased values were observed in A. fraxiniflora, E. inangulis and O. lavaterae. The application of holistic plant protection principles, from proper cultivation and species selection to monitoring and control measures, remains crucial for maintaining the vitality and longevity of urban green spaces exposed to various biotic and abiotic stress factors.