bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CRACKING AND BEARING CAPACITY OF REPAIRED REINFORCED CONCRETE WALL-FLOOR JOINTS/SUREMONTUOTŲ MONOLITINIŲ SIENŲ IR PERDANGŲ SANDŪRŲ PLEIŠĖJIMAS IR LAIKOMOJI GALLA
Authors: Kudzys Algirdas
Published: March 2019

Nagrinėjamos supleišėjusių ar kitaip pažeistų pastatų laikančių jų konstrukcijų bei jų sandūrų atstatymo ir remonto problemos. Jos ypač svarbios dėi tos priežasties, kad realaus pastato suremontuotų konstrukcijų laikomosios galios įvertinimas yra labai sudėtingas. Neardančiais bandymais pakankamai tiksliai galima nustatyti medžiagų fizinesmechanines savybes, tačiau konstrukcijos stiprumo įvertinimas negali būti patikimas, neatlikus laboratorinių eksperimentų su natūralaus dydžio modeliais.

Eksperimentinių tyrimų metu buvo išbandyti daugiaaukščių gyvenamųjų namų gelžbetoninių monolitinių sienų ir kompleksinių perdangų (surenkama 60 mm storio gelžbetoninė plokštė monolitinama iš 76 mm diametro plastmasinių vamzdžių suformuojant tuštumas ir betonuojant kartu su sienų elementais) sandūrų modeliai (1 pav.). Pleišėtumo, irimo pobūdžio ir stiprumo analizei buvo naudojami natūralaus dydžio šeši pastato vidinių sienų ir perdangų sandūrų mazgai bei du išorinių sienų ir perdangos bandiniai (2 pav.). Pagrindiniai kintamieji eksperimentų metu buvo sienų ir perdangų armatūros kiekis bei vertikaliosios apkrovos dydis (1 lentelė).

Suremontavus sandūrų bandinius (injektavus po spaudimu epoksidinę dervą į pažeistas konstrukcijų zonas) po anksčiau atliktų laikomosios galios nustatymo eksperimentinių tyrimų, jie buvo pakartotinai paveikti kintamosiomis vertikaliosiomis ir horizontaliosiomis apkrovomis. Apkrovimui buvo panaudota speciali įranga su apkrovos pulsatoriais laikantis apkrovimo eiliškumo, koks buvo taikytas bandant naujus bandinius (3 pav.). Horizontalioji apkrova buvo perduodama per reversing pulsatorių kontroliuojant poslinkio R dydį (4 pav.). Bandinių irimo pobūdis, pleišėtumas bei stiprumas buvo palyginti su naujų mazgų bandymo rezultatais (5 pav., 2 lentelė).
THE SELECTION OF BUILDING PROCESS ACCORDING TO THE INNER COMPARATIVE SUBSTANTIATION CONTROL/BAUBETRIEBLICHE VERFAHRENSAUSWAHL MIT VERGLEICHSINTERNEN PLAUSIBILITÄTSKONTROLLEN
Authors: Müller Heinz
Published: March 2019

Generally speaking, many technological processes are suitable for implementing definite building tasks, though only one alternative from many other possibilities is preferred. Therefore, the main task of every building enterprise is to find an optimal variant and try to implement it when making preparations for performing building processes.

Alternative variants are variants which serve the same purpose and in essence should be able to implement adequate building tasks. A complex comparison of variants may be carried out by many methods. For a practical comparison of processes at a building undertaking, a method is suggested which integrates, in its comparison logaritm, the substantiation control, preserving at the same time logic correctness of separate comparison steps. The selection criteria are obtained depending on particular building tasks and legal aspects. Information faults pertaining to data may cause mistakes when comparing variants.

Determination of variant rank sequence is based on the principle of deductive logic according to which a complex problem should be decomposed into partial problems till they become transparent and then can be solved. A successful building process is evaluated as being of 1 rank. The results of calculation are presented in diagrams which make the visual assessment much easier.
QUALITY ASSESSED EIGENFREQUENCY ANALYSIS/KOKYBIŠKAI ĮVERTINTA LAISVŲJŲ SVYRAVIMŲ ANALIZĖ
Authors: Baušys Romualdas
Published: March 2019

Inžinerinių uždavinių sprendimo rezultatai, gauti naudojant baigtinių elementų metodą, kaip ir kitus diskrečius metodus, yra apytiksliai. Todėl projektuotojui labai aktualu įvertinti atliktų skaičiavimų kokybę. Straipsnyje pateikiami metodai, suteikiantys galimybę įvertinti baigtinių elementų diskretizacijos kokybę laisvųjų svyravimų uždaviniams. Kadangi daugelio inžinerinių uždavinių atveju analitinis sprendinys nėra galimas, tai pagrindinis šios procedūros sudėtingumas yra rasti aukštesnės tikslumo klasės sprendinį. Šis poprocesorinis pagerintas sprendinys yra nustatomas naudojant pradinio baigtinių elementų sprendinio informaciją. Darbe pateikiami lokalus ir globalus apibendrinto nuosavųjų reikšmių uždavinio sprendinio pagerinimo būdai. Lokalusis būdas yra paremtas superkonvergencinėmis pradinio sprendinio savybėmis. Globalaus sprendinio pagerinimo būdo esmė—susietų gradientų metodas, naudotas p+1 baigtiniams elementams. Globalus sprendinio pagerinimo būdas yra efektyvesnis aukštesnėms nuosavoms reikšmėms, ir sprendinio kokybės įvertinimo procedūra yra patikimesnė platesnei nuosavų reikšmių spektro daliai.
NUMERICAL METHODS FOR A VISCOUS INCOMPRESSIBLE HEAVY LIQUID MOTION EQUATIONS/SUNKIOJO NESPŪDŽIOJO SKYSČIO TEKĖJIMO LYGČIŲ SKAITINIAI SPRENDIMO METODAI
Authors: Čiegis Raimondas , Meilūnas Mečislavas , Štikonas Artūras
Published: March 2019

Darbe nagrinėjamas sunkiojo nespūdžiojo skysčio tekėjimo uždavinys, kai dalis paviršiaus yra laisva. Skaitiškai sprendžiant tokius uždavinius svarbiausios dviproblemos. Pirmoji—netiesinio Navjė-Stokso uždavinio diskrečioji aproksimacija srityje su fiksuotu paviršiumi, o antroji problema—judančių paviršių skaitinis aproksimavimas. Darbe suformuluoti trys algoritmai pagrindiniam uždaviniui spręsti. Pirmajame panaudota konstruktyvi Puchnačiovo diferencialinio uždavinio sprendinio egzistencijos įrodymo schema. Šiuo metodu iteracinio proceso metu netiesinis Navjė-Stokso uždavinys sprendžiamas fiksuotoje erdvės srityje ir tikslinamas laisvasis srities paviršius. Tai išskaido uždavinį į du paprastesnius uždavinius, kurių kiekvieno sprendimas yra pakankamai nuodugniai išnagrinėtas literatūroje. Tiriama Puchnačiovo metodo konvergavimo sritis.

Antrasis algoritmas gaunamas sprendžiant linearizuotą nestacionarų Navjė-Stokso uždavinį, t.y. nereikalaujame, kad kiekvienoje išorinėje iteracijoje netiesinė diskrečioji Navjė-Stokso sistema būtu tiksliai išspredžiama. Šio algoritmo vienos iteracijos realizacija yra efektyvesnė, lyginant su pirmuoju algoritmu, tačiau iteracijų skaičius didesnis.

Abiejų pirmųjų algoritmų konvergavimas gali būti naudojamas diferencialinio uždavinio sprendinio stabilumo tyrimui.

Trečiajame algoritme realizuota Niutono metodo modifikacija. Šiame algoritme nėra atskiriamos NavjėStokso ir laisvojo paviršiaus lygtys. Gautoji netiesinių lygčių sistema sprendžiama Gauso-Zeidelio metodu.

Svarbus skaičiavimo eksperimento uždavinys—palyginti visų trijų algoritmų konvergavimo sritis.
DUAL MATHEMATICAL MODELS OF LIMIT LOAD ANALYSIS PROBLEMS OF STRUCTURES BY MIXED FINITE ELEMENTS
Authors: Kalanta Stanislovas
Published: March 2019

The general and discrete dual mathematical models of the limit load analysis and optimization problems of rigid-plastic body are created in the article. The discrete models are formulated by mixed finite elements and presented in terms of kinematic and static formulation. In these models the velocity of the energy dissipation is estimated not only within the volume of finite elements, but also at the plastic surfaces between elements, where the discontinuities of displacement velocities functions appear. The theory of plastic flow, the theory of duality and mathematical programming are applied.

The mixed energy functional (1) and (3) of both problems are formulated using the general static formulations of these problems, presented in the article [10], and Lagrangian multipliers method. The mixed finite elements are used for their discretization. The discrete expressions (8), (9) and (13) of mixed functionals are given choosing the interpolation functions (7) for the stress, displacement velocities, plastic multipliers and external load. Stationary conditions are created by static variables (stress and load vectors) of theses functionals. The discrete expressions of the geometric compatibility equations and constraint of load power are received from them. Using them as preliminary conditions for the functionals (8) and (9), the mathematical models (14), (15) and (17) of kinematic formulation of limit load analysis and optimization problems are formulated. The model (20) with a smaller number of unknowns is formed by elimination the displacement velocities. Using Lagrangian multipliers method, the mathematical models (21)-(23) of static formulation for the limit load parameter analysis problem and the models (24)-(26) for the load optimization problem are derived. All of them are the problems of mathematical programming.

The mathematical models of static formulation for engineering purposes are more important and fit better. They are easier solved (a smaller quantity of unknowns), besides, they allow to determine the optimum distribution of the load. The formulated mathematical models allow to determine upper values of limit load, stresses, displacement and plastic multipliers velocities. Together with equilibrium models of these problems, presented in the article [10], they allow to determine the lower and upper values of aforementioned parameters. So, a good possibility is created to check reliability and exactness of numerical calculation results and to establish, if the computing net density of finite elements is sufficient.
THE ESTIMATION METHODS OF MICROFILLERS INFLUENCE ON CEMENT STONE PROPERTIES/MIKROUŽPILDŲ ĮTAKOS CEMENTINIO AKMENS SAVYBĖMS ANALITINIO ĮVERTINIMO PRINCIPAI
Authors: Deltuva Juozas , Rudžionis Žymantas
Published: March 2019

The concrete and cement microfillers are materials of different fineness, such as wastes of production or pulverized rocks. According to their influence on cement hardening process, they may be classified into inert microfillers or chemically active ones. The chemically active microfillers, such as silica fume, fly ashes and others, have more then 50% amorphous SiO2, that takes part in cement hardening process. Inert microfillers, such as granite, dolomite, sand dust and others, in most cases have no influence on the cement hydration.

The usage of microfillers in concrete is common, but so far no clear dependence between the quantity of added microfillers and properties of concrete has been established. One of possible ways to estimate the microfillers influence on the products with cement binder is the structural element method.

The structural element is the smallest cell, approximated to a spatial figure of regular form, that has all components with the same proportions, as in all the volume of heterogeneous material. The essence of this method is to divide the mix in to bigger particles, that are named “nuclei” of structural elements and take 50% of all mix volume, and smaller particles, that form cover layers of the nuclei and make up the rest of the volume of the mix. The dependence between the relative density of loose materials and relation (1) between the diameters of the bigger and smaller particles of the structural element has been estimated. This relation is changed when microfillers are added to the cement. There is a possibility to optimize relative density by (2), (3) and (4) relations, if the granulometric composition of the cement and microfillier is known. The experimental and calculated results of this optimization are shown in Table 1.

The properties of pressed cement stone with inert microfillers admixture are presented in Table 2. Formulae for calculating the relative density (8) and compressive strength (11) of hardening cement have been estimated.

The chemically active microfillers, such as silica fume, interact with Ca(OH)2 and form new CSH. The density and strength of cement stone increased after this interaction. The influence of chemically active microfillers on the relative density of the cement stone is given in (12).

The density of cement stone increases to 4.5% and strength increases to 40.2%, if the quantity of inert microfillers in the cement paste reaches 10%. The density of cement stone increases to 7.4% and strength increases to 54.7%, if the quantity of chemically active microfillers in the cement paste reaches 10%.
ZTF 18aaqeasu (SN2018byg): A Massive Helium-shell Double Detonation on a Sub-Chandrasekhar-mass White Dwarf
Authors: De Kishalay , Kasliwal Mansi M. , Polin Abigail , Nugent Peter E. , Bildsten Lars , Adams Scott M. , Bellm Eric C. , Blagorodnova Nadia , Burdge Kevin B. , Cannella Christopher , Cenko S. Bradley , Dekany Richard G. , Feeney Michael , Hale David , Fremling U. Christoffer , Graham Matthew J. , Ho Anna Y. Q. , Jencson Jacob E. , Kulkarni S. R. , Laher Russ R. , Masci Frank J. , Miller Adam A. , Patterson Maria T. , Rebbapragada Umaa , Riddle Reed L. , Shupe David L. , Smith Roger M.
Published: March 2019

The detonation of a helium shell on a white dwarf (WD) has been proposed as a possible explosion triggering mechanism for SNe Ia. Here, we report ZTF 18aaqeasu (SN 2018byg/ATLAS 18pqq), a peculiar Type I supernova, consistent with being a helium-shell double-detonation. With a rise time of ≈18 days from explosion, the transient reached a peak absolute magnitude of M

R
 ≈ −18.2 mag, exhibiting a light curve akin to sub-luminous SN 1991bg-like SNe Ia, albeit with an unusually steep increase in brightness within a week from explosion. Spectra taken near peak light exhibit prominent Si absorption features together with an unusually red color (g − r ≈ 2 mag) arising from nearly complete line blanketing of flux blueward of 5000 Å. This behavior is unlike any previously observed thermonuclear transient. Nebular phase spectra taken at and after ≈30 days from peak light reveal evidence of a thermonuclear detonation event dominated by Fe-group nucleosynthesis. We show that the peculiar properties of ZTF 18aaqeasu are consistent with the detonation of a massive (≈0.15

) helium shell on a sub-Chandrasekhar mass (≈0.75

) WD after including mixing of ≈0.2

of material in the outer ejecta. These observations provide evidence of a likely rare class of thermonuclear supernovae arising from detonations of massive helium shells.
New genus, two new species and new records of subterranean freshwater snails (Caenogastropoda; Cochliopidae and Lithoglyphidae) from Coahuila and Durango, Northern Mexico
Authors: Czaja Alexander , Cardoza-Martínez Gabriel Fernando , Meza‑Sánchez Iris Gabriela , Estrada-Rodríguez José Luis , Saenz‑Mata Jorge , Becerra-López Jorge Luis , Romero-Méndez Ulises , Estrada‑Arellano Josué Raymundo , Garza-Martínez Miguel Ángel , Dávila Paulín José Antonio
Published: March 2019

This paper describes a new genus, two new species and new records of subterranean gastropods from the Sabinas and Álamos River, Coahuila, and the Nazas River, Durango, in northern Mexico.Phreatomascogosgregoigen. n. et sp. n.from Don Martín Basin, Coahuila, is described based on shells and opercula that show some morphological similarities with shells ofPhreatodrobiaHershler & Longley, 1986 (Lithoglyphidae), which is a subterranean genus from neighboring area in Texas, United States. Conchologically, the new genus can be distinguished fromPhreatodrobiaand all other subterranean genera by a unique combination of characteristic shell morphology and opercula apomorphies.Balconorbissabinasensesp. n.(Cochliopidae) is the second species of this genus, which was previously known only from caves and associated subterranean habitats in Texas. The new record ofCoahuilixparrasense, Czaja, Estrada-Rodríguez, Romero-Méndez, Ávila-Rodríguez, Meza-Sánchez & Covich, 2017 (Cochliopidae) from Durango and Coahuila is the first record of extant member of this genus out of its hitherto known habitat in the Cuatro Ciénegas basin, Coahuila. These records are remarkable becauseC.parrasensehad been described recently as a fossil species. Shell morphologies of the new subterranean snails could be interpreted as possible evolutional adaptations to different hydrodynamic and other specific conditions in their habitat.
ICTs For Emotional and Social Skills Development for Children with ADHD And ASD Co-existence
Authors: Bakola Lizeta , Rizos Nikolaos , Drigas Athanasios
Published: March 2019

ADHD and autism, also called Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), according to the DSM-5, are both two of the most common neurodevelopmental disorders in childhood although they can continue into adolescence. ADHD is characterized by inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity and Autism by problems with social interactions and stereotyped (repetitive or ritualistic) behaviors. Many studies have proved that the two conditions can occur together and furthermore, that children with ADHD and or autism disorder can have or develop a co-morbid psychiatric disorder. In this paper we review research on the presentation of these two behavioral and emotional disorders as ADHD and Autism ,their common symptoms and characteristics as well as the significant and major contribution of ICT’s who shows magnificent promise to improve the quality of life for children with ADHD and ASD.
Social Media Usage Patterns in Higher Education Institutions – An Empirical Study
Authors: Aleksandrova Yanka Georgieva , Parusheva Silvia Stoyanova
Published: March 2019

The main goal of this research is to identify some notable trends, opportunities and limitations regarding the application of social media in higher education based on studying the way students use social media during their education. The re-search is focused on the impact of social media on the process of learning, creation and distribution of education related content, as well as on education related communication. The target groups of the research are students in University of Economics Varna enrolled in different bachelor and master programs.
An association analysis was implemented to identify the most common pat-terns regarding the application of social media in the education process. Statistical methods for testing hypothesis were used to assess the relationship between students’ specialty and derived social media patterns.
The findings show that Facebook groups are а preferable social media tool for communication with colleagues, content sharing and distribution, while wikis and university Learning Management Systems (LMSs) are most used for content creation and additional learning. Some social media channels are more preferable for content creation and additional learning compared to scientific databases and e-books.
Following the research results a conclusion can be drawn regarding the leading part of the students in initiating the use of social media compared to the relatively smaller role of the academic staff in this process. A medium to small relationships were discovered between students’ specialty and the application of con-tent sharing communities and forums in knowledge process with students in computer science more likely to use these social media types compared to students in economics.
Changes in Dorsiflexion and Dynamic Postural Control After Mobilizations in Individuals With Chronic Ankle Instability: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Vallandingham Robert A. , Gaven Stacey L. , Powden Cameron J.
Published: March 2019

Objective

To conduct a systematic review with meta-analysis assessing the effectiveness of joint mobilizations for improving dorsiflexion range of motion (DFROM) and dynamic postural control in individuals with chronic ankle instability.

Data Sources

Electronic databases (PubMed, MEDLINE, CINAHL, and SPORTDiscus) were searched from inception to January 2017.

Study Selection

Included studies examined the isolated effects of joint mobilizations to enhance DFROM and dynamic postural control in individuals with chronic ankle instability and provided adequate data to calculate effect sizes (ESs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

Data Extraction

Two investigators independently assessed the methodologic quality, level of evidence, and strength of recommendation using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database scale and the Strength of Recommendation Taxonomy. We extracted the sample sizes, means, and standard deviations for DFROM and dynamic postural control and filtered the data based on control-to-intervention and preintervention-to-postintervention (pre-post) comparisons.

Data Synthesis

We included 7 level 1 and 3 level 2 studies that had a median Physiotherapy Evidence Database score of 60% (range = 40%–80%). The magnitudes of control-to-intervention and pre-post differences were examined using bias-corrected Hedges g ESs. Random-effects meta-analyses were conducted for each outcome measure and comparison. Positive ESs indicated better outcome scores in the intervention group than in the control group and at postintervention than at preintervention. The α level was set at .05. Meta-analysis revealed weak and moderate ESs for overall control-to-intervention (ES = 0.41; 95% CI = 0.14, 0.68; P = .003) and pre-post (ES = 0.34; 95% CI = 0.20, 0.48; P < .001) DFROM analyses. Overall, dynamic postural control meta-analysis revealed moderate control-to-intervention (ES = 0.42; 95% CI = −0.14, 0.98; P = .14) and weak and moderate ESs for pre-post (ES = 0.37; 95% CI = −0.12, 0.87; P = .14) analyses.

Conclusions

We observed grade A evidence that joint mobilizations can mildly improve DFROM among individuals with chronic ankle instability compared with controls and preintervention. We observed grade B evidence that indicated conflicting effects of joint mobilizations on dynamic postural control compared with controls and preintervention.
Regular cross sections of Borel flows
Authors: Slutsky Konstantin
Published: March 2019

Any free Borel flow is shown to admit a cross section with only two possible distances between adjacent points, answering an old question of Nadkarni. As an application of this result, we derive a short proof of the classification of Borel flows up to Lebesgue orbit equivalence.
Operational shifted hybrid Gegenbauer functions method d for solving multi-term time fractional differential equations
Authors: Seyedi Nasibeh , Saeedi Habibollah
Published: March 2019

In this paper, we propose an efficient operational formulation of spectral tau method d for solving multi-term time fractional differential equations with initial-b boundary conditions. The shifted hybrid Gegenbauer functions (SHGFs) operational matrices of Riemann-Liouville fractional integral and Caputo fractional derivatives are presented. By using these operational matrices, the shifted hybrid Gegenbauer functions tau method for both temp oral and spatial discretization are presented, which allow us to introduce an efficient spectral method for solving such problems. Finally, numerical results show good deal with the theoretical analysis.
Simplified Minimally Invasive Surgical Approach for Prophylactic Laparoscopic Gastropexy in 21 Cases
Authors: Deroy Claire , Hahn Harriet , Bismuth Camille , Ragetly Guillaume , Gomes Eymeric , Poncet Cyrill
Published: March 2019

The objective of this study was to describe the operative technique and outcome of a simplified laparoscopic gastropexy approach in dogs. Twenty-one dogs undergoing prophylactic laparoscopic gastropexy with a simple continuous barbed suture without incising the seromuscular layer of the stomach and transversus abdominis muscle were reviewed. In 20 cases, additional procedures were performed (18 ovariectomies and 2 prescrotal castrations); 1 dog had two prior episodes of gastric dilation without volvulus and underwent gastropexy with a prophylactic intent. The gastropexy procedure had a median duration of 33 min (range 19–43 min). V-Loc 180 absorbable and the V-Loc PBT nonabsorbable suturing devices were used in 8 and 13 dogs, respectively. Minor intraoperative complications occurred in four cases: broken suture (1), needle dislodgement (2), and folded needle (1). Minor complications included self-limiting wound complications (3), abdominal discomfort (2), vomiting (1), and inappetence (2). Postoperative abdominal ultrasound performed after a median of 8 mo (6–36 mo) confirmed permanent adhesion at the gastropexy site in all dogs. One dog developed a fistula (1 yr postoperatively) and another a granuloma (3 mo postoperatively), both at the gastropexy site. Prophylactic laparoscopic gastropexy may be performed with knotless unidirectional barbed suture without creating an incision on the abdominal wall and stomach.
Intervertebral T3-T4 Disc Extrusions in Two German Shepherd Dogs
Authors: Mateo Isidro , Paniagua Rocio , Cloquell Ana , Vazquez Fernando
Published: March 2019

Although intervertebral disc extrusions are extremely frequent in dogs, those affecting the cranial thoracic spine in large-breed dogs have not been reported. In this case report, the clinical, radiological, surgical, and histopathological findings in two German shepherd dogs with T3-T4 disc extrusions are reported. Clinical and imaging findings (acute onset and radiological evidence of lateralized disc material dispersed beyond the margins of the intervertebral disc space) allowed proper diagnosis of disc extrusion. Decompressive surgery via hemilaminectomy was performed in both patients with favorable outcomes. Intervertebral disc extrusions should be considered as a differential diagnosis of large-breed dogs with acute onset, upper-thoracic spinal cord disease. Imaging findings can aid in differentiating thoracic intervertebral disc extrusions from protrusions, thus leading to appropriate treatment.
Eating habits of urban youth aged 16-18
Authors: Zalewska M. , Zubrycki A. , Czarniecka-Bargłowska K. , Maciorkowska E
Published: March 2019

Introduction: Nutrition is one of the most essential factors conditioning normal human growth and development. Nutritional errors can be the basis for the emergence and development of obesity, hypertension, atherosclerosis, osteoporosis or postural defects.
Purpose: The study aimed to learn about the dietary habits of urban high-school youth.
Materials and methods: The study was conducted using the original questionnaire in 2013 and covered 200 students of randomly selected high schools.
Results: Among the subjects, 70.8% consumed 4 or 5 meals during the day. The boys have eaten five meals significantly more often during the day than girls. The first breakfast was consumed by 76.5% of students and the second breakfast with 69.7%. Of the subjects, 80% indicated the eating between meals. The girls preferred sweets, fruit, and sandwiches, and the boys had sandwiches, sweets, and dairy drinks. The highest percentage of the examined youth ate sweets 3-4 times a week (41.6% girls and 35.6% boys). The respondents who consumed fast food once a week constituted of 60.9% of girls and 48.7% of boys. The girls consumed sweetened drinks most often once a week, and boys 3-4 times a week.
Conclusions: Nutritional errors of adolescents consisted of irregular consumption of meals, late time of the last meal before bedtime, consumption of a large number of sweet and spicy snacks and sweetened beverages were found. Wrong nutrition concerned both girls and boys
The influence of carotenoid and chlorophyll content on the oxidative processes in the selected vegetable oils
Authors: Mahoney E.Y. , Milewska M. , Mironczuk-Chodakowska I. , Terlikowska K.M.
Published: March 2019

Purpose: More than 100 plant species have been classified as oil products, but only a few of them are used in industrial production. In the available literature, there are no studies that would describe the relationship between the content of plant dyes and their impact on auto-oxidative processes. Therefore, this study aimed to determine dye composition and to define their effect on the acid value, peroxide value and quality assessment of selected refined and unrefined oils.
Materials and methods: Twenty samples from different manufacturers were evaluated. Oils were purchased from retail trade of the Bialystok city. The total colour, acid, and peroxide values were determined in accordance with the Polish Standards PN-ISO 3960: 1996, PN-A-86934: 1995 and PN-ISO 3960: 1996, respectively.
Results: Statistically significant differences of total colour values between both groups were found (p=0.002). The acid value of refined oils was lower than in an unrefined group (p=0.02). A positive statistically significant correlation was noticed between the total colour value and the acid value in the refined group (R=0.65, p=0.04). No significant effect of plant dyes on the acid or peroxide value of unrefined oils was observed.
Conclusions: Refined and unrefined oils purchased in the city of Bialystok mostly met the standard values with the exception of cold-pressed oil from black cumin seeds, where the acid and peroxide value exceeded the values set in Codex Alimentarius.
Polyphenols and flavonoids in the prevention and treatment of diabetes type 2
Authors: Wałkuski M. , Szwed O. , Lendzioszek M. , Terlikowska K.M.
Published: March 2019

The genetic basis of diabetes is associated with genes that predispose to obesity development. There are also variants of genes that change the metabolism and distribution of glucose in the body tissues. Others regulate the lipid profile or affect insulin resistance, directly or indirectly affecting the risk of developing diabetes. Polyphenols are a group of compounds that have a protective effect on pancreatic cells. Thanks to their antioxidant activity, they protect cells against apoptosis, improve glucose metabolism and reduce hyperglycemia. The aim of the review was to discuss the mechanisms of bioactive food compounds influence on the human genome and to demonstrate their relationship between diabetes prevention and treatment.
Possible contribution of erythrocytes to the purinergic regulation of tissue oxygen delivery
Authors: Sikora Jacek
Published: March 2019

ATP release occurs in virtually all cell types and tissues. It is considered to be a key component of a ubiquitous, evolutionary ancient cell-to-cell communication system. The regulated release of ATP is also believed to be a part of a mechanism which facilitates matching tissue oxygen supply with demand. In this paper, ATP signaling is reviewed, regulation of tissue oxygen supply is outlined, and a concept attributing a role in this process to erythrocytes releasing ATP is discussed. Oxygen saturation of hemoglobin in erythrocytes traveling through a tissue reflects the level of oxygen utilization of that tissue. Therefore, erythrocytes can serve as local oxygen sensors. In the proposed mechanism, upon hemoglobin deoxygenation, Gi protein in the erythrocyte plasma membrane is activated. The activation of Gi protein initiates a cAMP-dependent pathway, leading to ATP efflux through pannexin channels. Extracellular ATP triggers vasodilatation via P2Y receptors on the surface of vascular endothelial cells, increasing blood flow in tissue regions of elevated oxygen consumption. Despite the abundance of compelling evidence in support of this concept, some details remain elusive, in particular, the process of Gi protein activation in response to hemoglobin desaturation. Furthermore, the involvement of cAMP, as well as the final conduit of ATP release from erythrocytes, remains controversial. Finally, the actual physiological relevance of the proposed regulatory mechanism will require further in vivo research.
CONTRIBUIÇÕES DA CONCEPÇÃO CONSTRUTIVISTA PARA ÁREA EDUCACIONAL:
COMPARTILHANDO SABERES... NOVOS OLHARES
Authors: Fortuna Mariza , Meire Cazadei Rosana , Lúcia Dias Carmen
Published: March 2019

Education has the function of transmitting to the students the systematized knowledge, the
historically produced scientific knowledge that will instrumentalize them to act in society in a
critical, concrete and conscious way. Over the years, society has undergone several changes, since
it is dynamic and in constant movement, but the Brazilian educational system has not been able to
keep up with the essential changes in the individual's formal education. In this sense, this article
aims to present the contributions of the Piagetian theory in the educational area, seeking to clarify
some misconceptions about this theory, to train and inform teachers about its use in pedagogical
practice, since it allows a closer approximation of the school social role. For that, we use, as an
epistemological theoretical contribution, authors who discuss the key concepts of Jean Piaget's
constructivist theory. From these discussions, it is possible to confirm the relevance of Piagetian
theory in the educational area, promoting knowledge and human development in all its
possibilities.
Yaralanma Sonrası Ekstremitelerin Yumuşak Dokusunda Gözlenen Yabancı Cisimlere Cerrahi Yaklaşım
Authors: ULUDAĞ Abuzer , TOSUN Hacı Bayram , ÇİÇEK Necati , ŞİRİK Mehmet , ULUDAĞ Öznur , ATİÇ Ramazan
Published: March 2019

Giriş: Ekstremitelerde yabancı cisim yaralanmaları sık

görülmelerine rağmen, tedavi yaklaşımları konusunda literatürde oldukça az

bilgi bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmada yumuşak dokuda yabancı cisim batması

nedeniyle cerrahi tedavi uygulanan hastalarla ilgili epidemiyolojik bir çalışma

amaçlanmıştır.

Yöntemler: 2012-2015 yılları arasında yumuşak dokuda yabancı

cisim yaralanması nedeniyle cerrahi tedavi uygulanan 52 erkek ve 57 kadın

hastadan oluşan toplam 109 hastanın hastane arşivinden hasta dosyalarına ve

radyoloji pacs sisteminden radyolojik görüntülerine ulaşıldı. Hastaların

demografik bilgileri, batan yabancı cisimlerin tipi ve battığı ortam, tetanoz

ve antibiyotik profilaksisi yapılıp yapılmadığı, anestezi tipleri, yatış

süreleri ve komplikasyonlar gibi bulgular tespit edildi.

Bulgular: Opere edilen 109 hastanın ortalama yaşı 28 (3-68)

olarak tespit edildi. 62 (%56.9) hastada yaralanma ev ortamında olurken, 47

(%43.1) hastada ise ev dışı ortamda yabancı cisim battığı tespit edildi. Batan

yabancı cisimler 43 hastada iğne, 28 hastada cam, 21 hastada metal cisim, 12

hastada ateşli silah yaralanması sonucu metal yabancı cisim ve 5 hastada ise

tahta parçasına bağlı yaralanma tespit edildi. Yaralanmalar %58,7 alt

ekstremitede görülürken %41,3 üst ekstremitede görüldü. Yabancı cisim

çıkartılması için cerrahi uygulanan 78 (%71,6) hastaya lokal anestezi

uygulanırken, diğer hastalara rejyonel veya genel anestezi uygulandı. Lokal

anestezi uygulanan hastalar aynı gün, genel ve rejyonel anestezi uygulanan

hastalar ise cerrahi sonrası 1. günde taburcu edildi. Takiplerde hiçbir

komplikasyon gözlenmedi.

Sonuç: Yabancı cisimler çoğunlukla ev ortamında oluşan

yaralanmalardır. Direk radyografi yabancı cisimlerin büyük bir kısmında oldukça

yararlıdır, fakat metal dışı yabancı cisimlerin belirlenmesinde ultrasonografi

ve/veya manyetik rezonans incelemeden yararlanılmalıdır. Cerrahi girişim için

anestezinin tipi hastanın yaşına ve yabancı cismin lokalizasyonuna göre

seçilmelidir.
Lección Magistral de apertura del Curso 87/88
Authors: Pinillos José Luis
Published: March 2019

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La psicohistoria y el naturalismo psicológico
Authors: Pinillos José Luis
Published: March 2019

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Los Helechos : elementos esenciales en la conservación de nuestra flora
Authors: Escámez Pastrana Antonio Manuel
Published: March 2019

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Melilla 1909 : álbum gráfico
Authors: Díez Sánchez Juan
Published: March 2019

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Divorcer et ne plus vouloir tenir lieu de père
Authors: Pratte Marie
Published: March 2019

La loi fédérale sur le divorce prévoit que l’époux qui a tenu lieu de parent à l’égard d’un enfant peut être obligé au versement d’une pension alimentaire destinée à ce dernier. Tout en se justifiant pleinement, cette règle pose des problèmes. Que décider lorsque l’époux qui a agi à titre de père ou de mère à un moment quelconque durant le mariage, a cessé de se comporter ainsi au moment du divorce ? La Cour d’appel du Manitoba et celle du Québec ont sur ce point adopté des positions contraires. L’une est trop rigide, l’autre, quoique réaliste, ne règle malheureusement pas entièrement la question.
L’harmonisation internationale du droit privé
Authors: Collart Dutilleul François
Published: March 2019

L’harmonisation des législations apparaît indispensable au développement de zones économiques d’échange comme le sont la Communauté européenne et le N.A.F.T.A. Elle se situe entre, d’un côté, la simple compatibilité des systèmes juridiques et, de l’autre l’unification des règles de droit. Harmoniser, c’est dégager des directions et des orientations communes, établir des principes et des règles de base communs. Les droits harmonisés sont des droits convergents. Si l’harmonisation n’est pas vraiment dissociable de la codification et de la modernisation du droit, pour autant, il ne faut chercher ni à tout harmoniser, ni à harmoniser par tous les moyens.

Ainsi, les règles d’inspiration culturelle (droit des personnes, droit de la famille, droit de la propriété, etc.), issues de l’histoire d’un pays, doivent lui rester propres. En réalité, l’uniformisation des cultures, l’évolution des moeurs, l’affaiblissement du poids des traditions sont de puissants facteurs d’auto-harmonisation. À l’inverse, le droit relatif au règlement des conflits requiert d’être volontairement et spécifiquement harmonisé. Il en va de même du droit économique et en particulier du droit des contrats. À cet égard, la liberté contractuelle doit constituer un principe dominant.

Quant aux moyens de parvenir à l’harmonisation, un rôle essentiel est joué par les organisations internationales. Mais, à cet égard, se posent deux questions. Tout d’abord, l’harmonisation doit-elle plutôt être recherchée à un plan régional (notamment continental) ou à un plan mondial ? Ensuite, doit-elle être recherchée au sein d’organisations publiques ou privées (Chambre de commerce internationale, organisations professionnelles, etc.) ? Par ailleurs, il ne faut pas méconnaître les phénomènes d’harmonisation « spontanée » qui conduisent certains pays à faire évoluer volontairement leur législation en tenant compte des législations en vigueur dans d’autres États.

Quoi qu’il en soit, la question de l’harmonisation ne repose-t-elle pas d’abord sur la résolution d’un rapport de concurrence entre une conception de droit « codifié » et une conception de « common law » ?
La conscience d’un « Canada » et les identités particulières : à la recherche de leurs
expressions constitutionnelles
Authors: Scott Stephen A.
Published: March 2019

Cet article expose le point de vue de son auteur quant aux attributs souhaitables,
— surtout dans le contexte canadien, — dans les textes constitutionnels comportant
déclaration des « valeurs », « objectifs », « caractéristiques », « identité » et
« aspirations » nationaux. Il évalue les propositions du livre blanc fédéral Bâtir
Ensemble l’Avenir du Canada de septembre, 1991, ainsi que celles de février, 1992, dans
le rapport du comité parlementaire Beaudoin-Dobbie. L’article offre aussi le projet de
l’auteur lui-même, d’un nouvel article 2 de la Loi constitutionnelle de
1867.
Inadequate BiP availability defines endoplasmic reticulum stress
Authors: Vitale Milena , Bakunts Anush , Orsi Andrea , Lari Federica , Tadè Laura , Danieli Alberto , Rato Claudia , Valetti Caterina , Sitia Roberto , Raimondi Andrea , Christianson John C , van Anken Eelco
Published: March 2019

How endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress leads to cytotoxicity is ill-defined. Previously we showed that HeLa cells readjust homeostasis upon proteostatically driven ER stress, triggered by inducible bulk expression of secretory immunoglobulin M heavy chain (μs) thanks to the unfolded protein response (UPR; Bakunts et al., 2017). Here we show that conditions that prevent that an excess of the ER resident chaperone (and UPR target gene) BiP over µs is restored lead to µs-driven proteotoxicity, i.e. abrogation of HRD1-mediated ER-associated degradation (ERAD), or of the UPR, in particular the ATF6α branch. Such conditions are tolerated instead upon removal of the BiP-sequestering first constant domain (CH1) from µs. Thus, our data define proteostatic ER stress to be a specific consequence of inadequate BiP availability, which both the UPR and ERAD redeem.
Identification of four hub genes associated with adrenocortical carcinoma progression by WGCNA
Authors: Xia Wang-Xiao , Yu Qin , Li Gong-Hua , Liu Yao-Wen , Xiao Fu-Hui , Yang Li-Qin , Rahman Zia Ur , Wang Hao-Tian , Kong Qing-Peng
Published: March 2019

Background

Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare and aggressive malignant cancer in the adrenal cortex with poor prognosis. Though previous research has attempted to elucidate the progression of ACC, its molecular mechanism remains poorly understood.

Methods

Gene transcripts per million (TPM) data were downloaded from the UCSC Xena database, which included ACC (The Cancer Genome Atlas,n= 77) and normal samples (Genotype Tissue Expression,n= 128). We used weighted gene co-expression network analysis to identify gene connections. Overall survival (OS) was determined using the univariate Cox model. A protein–protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed by the search tool for the retrieval of interacting genes.

Results

To determine the critical genes involved in ACC progression, we obtained 2,953 significantly differentially expressed genes and nine modules. Among them, the blue module demonstrated significant correlation with the “Stage” of ACC. Enrichment analysis revealed that genes in the blue module were mainly enriched in cell division, cell cycle, and DNA replication. Combined with the PPI and co-expression networks, we identified four hub genes (i.e.,TOP2A,TTK,CHEK1, andCENPA) that were highly expressed in ACC and negatively correlated with OS. Thus, these identified genes may play important roles in the progression of ACC and serve as potential biomarkers for future diagnosis.
Recognizing two newHippolytespecies (Decapoda, Caridea, Hippolytidae) from the South China Sea based on integrative taxonomy
Authors: Gan Zhi-Bin , Li Xin-Zheng
Published: March 2019

Hippolyteshrimps exhibit abundant biological diversity and display great ecological significance in seaweed bed ecosystems. Dozens ofHippolytespecimens were collected from Hainan Island and the Xisha Islands in the South China Sea. Detailed examination indicates that some of these specimens represent newHippolytespecies. Based on morphological, genetic, and ecological data,Hippolyte chaceisp. nov. andH. nanhaiensissp. nov. are described.H. chaceisp. nov. was collected from theSargassumsp. biotope in Hainan Island and is distinguished from congeners by its unique mandible and the dactylus of the third to fifth pereiopods; this species has a basal position in the Indo-West Pacific species clade in the phylogenetic tree which is reconstructed based on 16S rRNA gene.H. nanhaiensissp. nov. was collected from the biotopes ofGalaxaurasp. orHalimedasp. in the Xisha Islands, and it differs from congeners in a series of characters associated with rostrum, scaphocerite, antennular peduncle, and spines on the dactylus of the third to fifth pereiopods. Additionally, it is sister toH. australiensisin the phylogenetic tree. A key to identifying mature femaleHippolytespecies of the Indo-West Pacific and neighboring seas is provided.
Residual Dry Matter, Weeds and Soil Aggregates after Winter Cover Crop
Authors: Seidel Edleusa Pereira , Caetano João Henrique Silva , Karpinski Arthur Schafer , Reis Willian Dos
Published: March 2019

Soil quality maintenance in a no-tillage system (NTS) depends on cover crops. They are essential for crop rotation, affect several soil attributes, and contribute to phytosanitary control. However, cover crop efficacy is influenced by their root function and the presence of plant straw on soil surfaces. The objective of this study was to compare various winter cover crops in terms of their effects on dry mass yield, straw persistence after 40 d, weed incidence, and soil aggregate stability. The soil tested was an Oxisol Ustox Hapludox in Western Paraná State, southern Brazil. A randomized block design was used with four replicates and six treatments (fallow, black oat, fodder turnip, field pea, common vetch, and fodder turnip + black oat). Cover crops were managed 88 d after sowing. Dry mass (DM) and residual dry mass (RDM) were measured at 20 d and 40 d after harvest. Aggregate stability and weed type and density were evaluated after 40 d of management (DAM). The results showed that black oat obtained the lowest decomposition; therefore, a potential species to be used in the system of crop rotation in the no-tillage. The consorted of fodder turnip and black oat provided relatively higher dry mass yields and improved soil aggregation. Cover crops reduced the incidence of weeds, being important for no-till sustainability.
The Production of Biogas from Cow Dung for Powering a Motor Vehicle Tyre Tube
Authors: Adebayo Ademola , Adeleke Stephen , Tiekuro Ede , Omugbe Ekwevugbe
Published: March 2019

Biogas production from cow dung for powering a tyre tube was investigated, using a 20litre capacity prototype biogas digester, fabricated in the Lagos state university (LASU) research laboratory. The experiment was batch operated and daily gas yield from the digester was monitored for 21 days. The ambient and slurry temperatures, PH were also monitored. Two important aspects of the biogas itself is digester and starter. This Research aim to fabricate a digester that can be used to convert a cow dung into methane for powering a tyre tube and the objective to determine whether cow dung from ranch can produce methane. In this study a mini biogas digester fabricated and tested for organic waste, thirty-five (35) kg of the cow dung, water and starter was used. (The starter that used in this study is silica gel). The cow dung inserted into the digester through the inlet pipe, and kept for three weeks. The ratio of cow dung water is 1:2. The result obtained from the biogas production showed that methane has 67.9%. This result show that these waste could be a source of a renewable gas if managed properly since the waste sluggishly continued gas production after 21 days retention time.
Commodification of Pilgrimage to the Holy Land of Jerusalem Critical Study of Spiritual Tourism and the Advertising Power Based on Adorno's Critical Theory
Authors: Napitupulu Frengki , Ronda Mirza , Dua Mikhael
Published: March 2019

Commodification as a shift from use value to exchange value does happen to various aspects of culture, including religious values ​​and practices. Religions cannot avoid commodification. Almost all aspects of religions have experienced it - symbols, clothings, or rituals. One example is the commodification of the pilgrimage to the Holy City of Jerusalem by the producers of culture industry, resulting in "danger" with regard to the degradation of the essence of pilgrimage into a mere entertainment value (for pilgrims) and into a profitable business prospect. They use advertising instruments as the main promotional media.

Using a critical paradigm, this study seeks (1) to reveal the form and process of the commodification of values ​​and the practices of pilgrimage to the Holy Land (2) how the power of advertising distributes the meaning and value of the pilgrimage in shaping, accommodating, and attracting interest, and meeting people's needs of spirituality and the implications to their sustainable reality. This research mainly uses the reference to Adorno's thinking about the critique of the commodification that ends in negativity. The ultimate goal of this study is to use the concept of reconstruction as a criticism of Adorno's deconstruction in overcoming total negativity by building emancipation, participation and communication that synthesizes rationality of enlightenment and philosophical reflection so that at the same time surpasses (aufhebung) claims of unilateral progress by rationality of the mind by opening the other side of enlightenment rationality, including rational emotion or irrational faith, as something rational.

This qualitative approach found that the capital owners of the pilgrimage trip to the Holy Land of Jerusalem and its surroundings commodify the content that is originated from religious values ​​and practices, in order to obtain maximum profits. Advertising media power is the main instrument of promotion and the dissemination of new values ​​in religious life is designed to transform existing values. This study found a dilemmatic and ironic conditions, thus an action plan and a struggle are planned, by increasing bargaining power with capital owners, emphasizing that they could survive if they accommodate and carry humanitarian development values; humans return to their nature.