bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sphincter of Oddi dysfunction in the post-cholecystectomy period
Authors: Bueverov A. О.
Published: October 2020

The persistent post-cholecystectomy (CE) symptoms can be divided into four groups: 1) surgical errors; 2) recurrence of cholelithiasis; 3) functional disorders due to removal of the gallbladder (transient or persistent); 4) pathology not associated with CE. Biliary pain persists in 20–40% of patients after CE, in most cases caused by sphincter of Oddi dysfunction (SOD). SOD is subdivided into biliary, pancreatic, two-duct types, as well as pancreatobiliary reflux. The SOD is rooted in the increased pressure in the sphincter, which leads to the increased intraductal pressure and, as a result, to the occurrence of biliary or pancreatic pain. In addition, the direct contractile effects of cholecystokinin on smooth muscles of the biliary tract change due to mechanical disturbance of innervation. Hypertension of the pancreatic part of the sphincter of Oddi can cause not only the occurrence of functional pain of the pancreatic type, but also the development of recurrent pancreatitis. SOD is characterized by typical anamnestic data that are common to the functional pathology of the digestive system, such as duration of symptoms, absence of organic pathology, multiple complaints, a non-progressive course, the provoking role of psychoemotional factors. From a practical standpoint, the clinical criteria for SOD can be: 1) an attack of biliary or pancreatic pain; 2) a transient increase in the activity of hepatic or pancreatic enzymes; 3) transient expansion of the common bile or major pancreatic duct. If it is difficult to differentiate diagnosis, endoscopic ultrasonography is advisable. Antispasmodics and ursodeoxycholic acid form the basis of the treatment, especially when biliary sludge and microlithiasis are detected. There must be strong arguments for the surgical treatment.
Economic evaluation of different treatment options for water reuse in industrial parks using modular cost functions
Authors: Hilbig Jens , Boysen Birte , Wolfsdorf Philipp , Rudolph Karl-Ulrich
Published: October 2020

Industrial parks (IPs) play a significant role in the context of economic growth as well as urban and regional development strategies. They rely on the availability of factors of production and an enabling environment, which also includes the legal framework and economic conditions. The availability of water is essential for the operation and expansion of IPs. Sustainable, efficient and reliable water supply is crucial for IPs and the companies located in the IPs. Reusing wastewater to reduce the amount of drinking or process water necessary for production requires economically viable treatment processes. From an economic point of view, it is important to compare the costs of different treatment trains and to ensure that technical solutions generate an economic benefit for the operators of the IPs. Based on data from municipal wastewater treatment, the authors derive cost functions for individual treatment processes and develop tools for a modular economic assessment of water reuse in IPs.
Characteristics and evaluations of heavy metal contents in irrigation water sources on a suburb farmland in the lower reaches of Xijiang River in the early busy season of farming
Authors: Jie Ren , Xiao-wen Liu , Ying-xin Wu
Published: October 2020

The pollution of heavy metals in irrigation water was related to the management-control of the risk of heavy metals in farmland and the safe production of crops. There were various sources of irrigation water in the suburb farmlands of Xijiang River. We investigated the sources and distribution characteristics of heavy metals in the irrigation water sources on a riverside and inside-dyke farmland of Xijiang River. According to sample test results, it was found that nearly 100% of heavy metals that we were concerned about were detected in the irrigation water sources in the study. The box plot showed that the average content of other elements ranged from 1.65 to 43.75 μg·L−1, and the average level of cadmium was 0.02 μg·L−1 in the studied area. According to quantitative evaluation index and analysis of distribution characteristics, most heavy metals were at relatively low concentration in the irrigation water sources, while mercury content was far greater than other elements, followed by arsenic. Arsenic and mercury had become increasingly prominent problems in local irrigation water sources. River quality was more likely to be affected by river water and agricultural activities, while groundwater quality was more likely to be affected by natural causes. According to single/comprehensive water-quality evaluations, the comprehensive water quality evaluation ranged from level I to level III, but the single-factor index evaluations of mercury in most water samples and arsenic in two groundwater samples were of ‘Inferior’ level. Attention should be paid to the monitoring of mercury and arsenic (in the groundwater) in the studied area. The disposal methods of farmland water inflow and drainage should be increased if necessary, and reducing the influence of human activities on the natural weathering and leaching of heavy metals was an effective measure to avoid risk of agricultural production.
O CHECKPOINT DE NGE LAY E A URGÊNCIA DE FALAR DE NOSSAS VULVAS
Authors: Simões Viviani Maria Cristina
Published: October 2020

Partindo da obra “Checkpoint” da artista birmanesa Nge Lay, este artigo tem o objetivo de abordar discussões sobre a construção cultural da vulva através da arte. Com base em uma perspectiva feminista e decolonial, cito obras que trazem a vulva como elemento central, e fazem emergir discussões acerca de seu simbolismo na contemporaneidade. Diante do padrão de corpos imposto, houve uma desnaturalização daqueles que não correspondiam ao colocado pela mídia para consumo, induzindo a um descontentamento das mulheres com sua realidade. Com isso, há uma necessidade culturalmente fabricada para a cirurgia plástica íntima, produzida como justificativa de um consumo de corpos feita por um sistema de regulação da feminilidade e do que significa ser mulher. Assim, através de trabalhos de diferentes artistas, busco trazer as pautas que atravessam a estética padronizada da anatomia feminina e que de alguma forma questionam narrativas hegemônicas. Por fim, a pesquisa tem como objetivo de que através da compreensão das disputas acerca do corpo da mulher, e de um maior repertório de imagens e representações, se democratize o entendimento de beleza de forma mais diversa e representativa.
Privacy-preserving Collaborative Training for Medical Image Analysis Based on Multi-Blockchain
Authors: Zhang Wanlu , Wang Qigang , Li Mei
Published: October 2020

Background:

As artificial intelligence and big data analysis develop rapidly, data
privacy, especially patient medical data privacy, is getting more and more attention.

Objective:

The study aims to strengthen the protection of private data while ensuring the model
training process; this article introduces a multi-Blockchain-based decentralized collaborative
machine learning training method for medical image analysis. In this way, researchers from
different medical institutions are able to collaborate to train models without exchanging sensitive
patient data.

Method:

Partial parameter update method is applied to prevent indirect privacy leakage during
model propagation. With the peer-to-peer communication in the multi-Blockchain system, a
machine learning task can leverage auxiliary information from another similar task in another
Blockchain. In addition, after the collaborative training process, personalized models of different
medical institutions will be trained.

Results:

The experimental results show that our method achieves similar performance with the
centralized model-training method by collecting data sets of all participants and prevents private
data leakage at the same time. Transferring auxiliary information from similar task on another
Blockchain has also been proven to effectively accelerate model convergence and improve model
accuracy, especially in the scenario of absence of data. Personalization training process further
improves model performance.

Conclusion:

Our approach can effectively help researchers from different organizations to achieve
collaborative training without disclosing their private data.
Differential Impacts of Azole Antifungal Drugs on the Pharmacokinetic Profiles of Dasatinib in Rats by LC-MS-MS
Authors: Luo Xingxian , Xue Xuecai , Li Taifeng , Zhang Ying , Huang Lin , Cheng Gang
Published: October 2020

Background:

Dasatinib, as an oral multi-targeted inhibitor of BCR-ABL and SRC family kinases,
has been widely used for the treatment of Philadelphia Chromosome Positive Leukemias in imatinib-acquired
resistance and intolerance. The study aimed to develop and validate a simple and robust assay with a small volume
of plasma based on liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry to determine the concentration
of dasatinib and to investigate the impact of the cytochrome 3A4 inhibitors, including ketoconazole,
voriconazole, itraconazole and posaconazole, on the pharmacokinetics of dasatinib in rats.

Methods:

Thirty rats were divided randomly into five groups, control group (0.5% carboxymethylcellulose sodium),
ketoconazole (30 mg/kg) group, voriconazole group (30 mg/kg), itraconazole group (30 mg/kg) and posaconazole
group (30 mg/kg). After 150 μL blood samples were collected at 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 24, and
48 h and precipitated with acetonitrile, the plasma concentration of dasatinib was determined through Fluoro-
Phenyl column (150 mm×2.1 mm, 3 μm) in a positive ionization mode.

Results:

The results suggested that ketoconazole, voriconazole, and posaconazole could increase the AUC0-t of
dasatinib to varying degrees while significantly reducing its clearance. However, there was no significant impact
on the pharmacokinetics of dasatinib, co-administered with itraconazole except for the CL and MRT0-t of
dasatinib. Additionally, voriconazole could significantly increase Cmax of dasatinib by approximately 4.12 fold.

Conclusion:

These data indicated that ketoconazole, posaconazole and voriconazole should be cautiously co-administered
with dasatinib or close therapeutic drug monitoring of dasatinib concentration, which might cause
the drug-drug interaction.
Chalcone Derivatives and their Activities against Drug-resistant Cancers: An Overview
Authors: Xiao Jiaqi , Gao Meixiang , Diao Qiang , Gao Feng
Published: October 2020

Drug resistance, including multidrug resistance resulting from different defensive mechanisms
in cancer cells, is the leading cause of the failure of the cancer therapy, posing an urgent need to
develop more effective anticancer agents. Chalcones, widely distributed in nature, could act on diverse
enzymes and receptors in cancer cells. Accordingly, chalcone derivatives possess potent activity against
various cancers, including drug-resistant, even multidrug-resistant cancer. This review outlines the recent
development of chalcone derivatives with potential activity against drug-resistant cancers covering
articles published between 2010 and 2020 so as to facilitate further rational design of more effective
candidates.
Spotlight on the Selected New Antimicrobial Innate Immune Peptides Discovered During 2015-2019
Authors: Dang Xiangli , Wang Guangshun
Published: October 2020

Background:

Antibiotic resistance is a global issue and new anti-microbials are required.
Introduction: Anti-microbial peptides are important players of host innate immune systems that prevent
infections. Due to their ability to eliminate drug-resistant pathogens, AMPs are promising candidates for
developing the next generation of anti-microbials.

Methods:

The anti-microbial peptide database provides a useful tool for searching, predicting, and designing
new AMPs. In the period from 2015-2019, ~500 new natural peptides have been registered.

Results:

This article highlights a select set of new AMP members with interesting properties. Teixobactin is a cell wall
inhibiting peptide antibiotic, while darobactin inhibits a chaperone and translocator for outer membrane proteins. Remarkably, cOB1, a sex pheromone from commensal enterococci, restricts the growth of multidrug-resistant Enterococcus faecalis
in the gut at a picomolar concentration. A novel proline-rich AMP has been found in a plant Brassica napus. A shrimp
peptide MjPen-II comprises three different sequence domains: serine-rich, proline-rich, and cysteine-rich regions. Surprisingly, an amphibian peptide urumin specifically inhibits H1 hemagglutinin-bearing influenza A virus. Defensins are abundant and typically consist of three pairs of intramolecular disulfide bonds. However, rat rattusin dimerizes via forming five
pairs of intermolecular disulfide bonds. While human LL-37 can be induced by vitamin D, vitamin A induces the expression
of resistin-like molecule alpha (RELMα) in mice. The isolation and characterization of an alternative human cathelicidin
peptide, TLN-58, substantiates the concept of one gene multiple peptides. The involvement of a fly AMP nemuri in sleep
induction may promote the research on the relationship between sleep and infection control.

Conclusion:

The functional roles of AMPs continue to grow and the general term “innate immune peptides” becomes useful.
These discoveries widen our view on antimicrobial peptides and may open new opportunities for developing novel peptide
therapeutics for different applications.
Chemical and Biological Evaluation of Thiosemicarbazone-Bearing Heterocyclic Metal Complexes
Authors: Matesanz Ana I. , Herrero Jorge M. , Quiroga Adoración G.
Published: October 2020

Thiosemicarbazones (TSCNs) constitute a broad family of compounds (R1R2C=N-NH-C(S)-
NR3R4), particularly attractive because many of them display some biological activity against a wide
range of microorganisms and cancer cells. Their activity can be related to their electronic and structural
properties, which offer a rich set of donor atoms for metal coordination and a high electronic delocalization
providing different binding modes for biomolecules. Heterocycles such as pyrrole, imidazole and
triazole are present in biological molecules such as Vitamine B12 and amino acids and could potentially
target multiple biological processes. Considering this, we have explored the chemistry and biological
properties of thiosemicarbazones series and their complexes bearing heterocycles such as pyrrole, imidazole,
thiazole and triazole. We focus at the chemistry and cytotoxicity of those derivatives to find out
the structure activity relationships, and particularly we analyzed those examples with the TSCN units in
which the mechanism of action information has been profoundly studied and pathways determined, to
promote future studies for heterocycle derivatives.
Molecular Modelling Studies on Thiazole-Based α-Glucosidase Inhibitors Using Docking and CoMFA, CoMSIA and HQSAR
Authors: Joshi Deshbandhu , Yadav Shourya , Sharma Rajesh , Pandya Mitrunjaya , Bhadauria Raghvendra Singh
Published: October 2020

Aims and Objective:

The biological dataset was retrieved from two series of α-glucosidase
inhibitors synthesized by Rahim et al. and Taha et al. and consisted of a total of 46 (forty-six) α-
glucosidase inhibitors.

Methods:

The α-glucosidase inhibitory IC50 values (μM; performed against α-glucosidase from Saccharomyces
cerevisiae) were converted into negative logarithmic units (pIC50). The CoMFA and
CoMSIA models were developed using 37 as a training set, and externally validated using 9 as a test
set. The CoMFA models MMFF94 were generated, ranging from 3.4661 to 5.2749 using leave-oneout
PLS analysis cross-validated correlation coefficient q2 0.787, a high non-cross-validated correlation
coefficient r2 0.819, with a low Standard Error Estimation (SEE) 0.041, F value 1316.074 and
r2pred 0.996.

Results:

The steric and electrostatic fields contributions were 0.507 and 0.493, respectively. The
CoMSIA model q2 0.805, r2 0.833 was attained, (SEE) 0.065, F value 520.302 and r2pred 0.990. Contribution
of steric, electrostatic, hydrophobic, donor and acceptor fields was 0.151, 0.268, 0.223,
0.234, 0.124, respectively.

Conclusion:

The HQSAR model of the training set exhibits a significant cross-validated correlation
coefficient q2 0.800 and non-cross-validated correlation coefficient r2 0.943.
Design and Efficient Synthesis of Novel 4,5-Dimethylthiazole-Hydrazone Derivatives and their Anticancer Activity
Authors: Evren Asaf Evrim , Yurttaş Leyla , Ekselli Büşra , Aksoy Onur , Akalin-Çiftçi Gülşen
Published: October 2020

Background::

Recently, researchers have been warning about the increased mortality of
the various cancer types. Also, the lung adenocarcinoma and the glioma types are burning issues for
world's health due to late or wrong diagnosis and/or insufficient treatment methods. For this
purpose, our research group designed and synthesized novel 4,5-dimethyl thiazole-hydrazone
derivatives which were tested against cancer and normal cell lines to understand the structureactivity
relationship (SAR).

Method::

The lead compounds were obtained by reacting 2-(substituted aryl-2-ylmethylene)
hydrazin-1-carbothioamide with 3-chloro-2-butanone derivatives. The structural elucidation of the
compounds was performed by 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and LC/MS-IT-TOF spectral and elemental
analyses. The synthesized compounds were tested in vitro for the anticancer activity against A549
human lung adenocarcinoma and C6 rat glioma cells and investigated for which pathway to induce
cell death. Also, the docking study of the active compounds was achieved to understand the SAR.

Result and Discussion::

The targeted compounds (2a-2l) were synthesized successfully above 70% yields, and
the analysis findings proved their purity. In general, the results of activity studies displayed
significant effects against at least one cell line, except compounds 2e (indol-3-yl) and 2h
(4-dimethylaminophenyl). Furthermore, compounds 2b and 2f displayed potential anticancer
activity. With the help of molecular docking study, a potential selectivity of compound 2f was
observed for type II protein kinase. On the other hand, compound 2b interacted with the active site
nearly the same as Dasatinib. Therefore, these two compounds could be used as a base on
developing selective anticancer drugs.

Conclusion::

Pyridin-2-yl (2b) derivative was found to be a favorable molecule with high anticancer
potency against C6 and A549 cell lines. Additionally, 1-naphthyl (2f) derivative was a worthy
compound for potential selectivity. In future studies, it will be our priority to focus on developing
derivatives of these two compounds (2b and 2f) and elucidate their mechanisms.
Revisiting the Risk Factors for Multiple Symptoms of Temporomandibular Disorders: A structured Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Gaballah Kamis , Alkubaisy Asma , Baker Asmaa Aba , Bawzeer Alma , Awad Rawan
Published: October 2020

Background:

The risk factors for Temporomandibular Disorders (TMD) are extensively studied, but the results showed no consistency. Only a small proportion of patients with TMD are likely to seek help and require treatment. Those individuals tend to present with multiple symptoms. This cohort of patients was not well investigated.

Objective:

The study aimed to examine the association between possible risk factors for presentation with multiple TMD symptoms.

Methods:

A population-based, cross-sectional study was conducted across 2101 individuals with an age range of 19-60 years. The condition was assessedviaa detailed questionnaire comprising symptoms, habits, dental history, general health, sleep patterns, along with the completion of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression (HAD) scale, followed by an examination of the hypothesized clinical signs. The obtained data were tabulated and characterized the study population in a descriptive analysis in forms of percentages and frequencies. The significance level was set at P-value less than or equal to 0.005. The chi-squared test was implemented to assess the relationship between the multiple TMD symptoms reported and the potential risk factors.

Results:

Most participants reported a variable amount of stress. Moreover, 1528 (72.7 percent) mentioned abnormalities in sleep. About 80 percent had at least one TMD-related symptom. The multiple symptoms of TMD were identified among the 741 individuals. The following risk factors demonstrated association with a robust statistical significance (P=0.00), 1) occupation, 2) sleeping problems, 3) health concerns, 4) traumatic dental treatment, 5) various somatic symptoms, and 6) elevated HAD scale. When the outcomes of the clinical examination were analyzed, the statistical assessment could link soft tissue changes, namely; the cheek ridging and tongue indentations (P 0.00), with multiple symptoms of the condition.

Conclusion:

Multiple TMD symptoms were prevalent among individuals with elevated stress, abnormal sleep pattern, traumatic dental treatment, elevated HAD scale. The results highlighted the importance of psychological factors in the pathogenesis of TMD.
Implementation and Application of Telemedicine in China: Cross-Sectional Study (Preprint)
Authors: Cui Fangfang , Ma Qianqian , He Xianying , Zhai Yunkai , Zhao Jie , Chen Baozhan , Sun Dongxu , Shi Jinming , Cao Mingbo , Wang Zhenbo
Published: October 2020

BACKGROUND

Telemedicine has been used widely in China and has benefited a large number of patients, but little is known about the overall development of telemedicine.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to perform a national survey to identify the overall implementation and application of telemedicine in Chinese tertiary hospitals and provide a scientific basis for the successful expansion of telemedicine in the future.

METHODS

The method of probability proportionate to size sampling was adopted to collect data from 161 tertiary hospitals in 29 provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities. Charts and statistical tests were applied to compare the development of telemedicine, including management, network, data storage, software and hardware equipment, and application of telemedicine. Ordinal logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between these factors and telemedicine service effect.

RESULTS

Approximately 93.8% (151/161) of the tertiary hospitals carried out telemedicine services in business-to-business mode. The most widely used type of telemedicine network was the virtual private network with a usage rate of 55.3% (89/161). Only a few tertiary hospitals did not establish data security and cybersecurity measures. Of the 161 hospitals that took part in the survey, 100 (62.1%) conducted remote videoconferencing supported by hardware instead of software. The top 5 telemedicine services implemented in the hospitals were teleconsultation, remote education, telediagnosis of medical images, tele-electrocardiography, and telepathology, with coverage rates of 86.3% (139/161), 57.1% (92/161), 49.7% (80/161), 37.9% (61/161), and 33.5% (54/161), respectively. The average annual service volume of teleconsultation reached 714 cases per hospital. Teleconsultation and telediagnosis were the core charging services. Multivariate analysis indicated that the adoption of direct-to-consumer mode (P=.003), support from scientific research funds (P=.01), charging for services (P<.001), number of medical professionals (P=.04), network type (P=.02), sharing data with other hospitals (P=.04), and expertise level (P=.03) were related to the effect of teleconsultation. Direct-to-consumer mode (P=.01), research funding (P=.01), charging for services (P=.01), establishment of professional management departments (P=.04), and 15 or more instances of remote education every month (P=.01) were found to significantly influence the effect of remote education.

CONCLUSIONS

A variety of telemedicine services have been implemented in tertiary hospitals in China with a promising prospect, but the sustainability and further standardization of telemedicine in China are still far from accomplished.
Enhancing Obstructive Sleep Apnea Diagnosis With Screening Through Disease Phenotypes: Algorithm Development and Validation (Preprint)
Authors: Ferreira-Santos Daniela , Rodrigues Pedro Pereira
Published: October 2020

BACKGROUND

The American Academy of Sleep Medicine guidelines suggest that clinical prediction algorithms can be used in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) without replacing polysomnography, which is the gold standard.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to develop a clinical decision support system for OSA diagnosis according to its standard definition (apnea-hypopnea index plus symptoms), identifying individuals with high pretest probability based on risk and diagnostic factors.

METHODS

A total of 47 predictive variables were extracted from a cohort of patients who underwent polysomnography. A total of 14 variables that were univariately significant were then used to compute the distance between patients with OSA, defining a hierarchical clustering structure from which patient phenotypes were derived and described. Affinity from individuals at risk of OSA phenotypes was later computed, and cluster membership was used as an additional predictor in a Bayesian network classifier (model B).

RESULTS

A total of 318 patients at risk were included, of whom 207 (65.1%) individuals were diagnosed with OSA (111, 53.6% with mild; 50, 24.2% with moderate; and 46, 22.2% with severe). On the basis of predictive variables, 3 phenotypes were defined (74/207, 35.7% low; 104/207, 50.2% medium; and 29/207, 14.1% high), with an increasing prevalence of symptoms and comorbidities, the latter describing older and obese patients, and a substantial increase in some comorbidities, suggesting their beneficial use as combined predictors (median apnea-hypopnea indices of 10, 14, and 31, respectively). Cross-validation results demonstrated that the inclusion of OSA phenotypes as an adjusting predictor in a Bayesian classifier improved screening specificity (26%, 95% CI 24-29, to 38%, 95% CI 35-40) while maintaining a high sensitivity (93%, 95% CI 91-95), with model B doubling the diagnostic model effectiveness (diagnostic odds ratio of 8.14).

CONCLUSIONS

Defined OSA phenotypes are a sensitive tool that enhances our understanding of the disease and allows the derivation of a predictive algorithm that can clearly outperform symptom-based guideline recommendations as a rule-out approach for screening.

CLINICALTRIAL
Use of Endoscopic Images in the Prediction of Submucosal Invasion of Gastric Neoplasms: Automated Deep Learning Model Development and Usability Study (Preprint)
Authors: Bang Chang Seok , Lim Hyun , Jeong Hae Min , Hwang Sung Hyeon
Published: October 2020

BACKGROUND

In a previous study, we examined the use of deep learning models to classify the invasion depth (mucosa-confined versus submucosa-invaded) of gastric neoplasms using endoscopic images. The external test accuracy reached 77.3%. However, model establishment is labor intense, requiring high performance. Automated deep learning (AutoDL) models, which enable fast searching of optimal neural architectures and hyperparameters without complex coding, have been developed.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study was to establish AutoDL models to classify the invasion depth of gastric neoplasms. Additionally, endoscopist–artificial intelligence interactions were explored.

METHODS

The same 2899 endoscopic images that were employed to establish the previous model were used. A prospective multicenter validation using 206 and 1597 novel images was conducted. The primary outcome was external test accuracy. Neuro-T, Create ML Image Classifier, and AutoML Vision were used in establishing the models. Three doctors with different levels of endoscopy expertise were asked to classify the invasion depth of gastric neoplasms for each image without AutoDL support, with faulty AutoDL support, and with best performance AutoDL support in sequence.

RESULTS

The Neuro-T–based model reached 89.3% (95% CI 85.1%-93.5%) external test accuracy. For the model establishment time, Create ML Image Classifier showed the fastest time of 13 minutes while reaching 82.0% (95% CI 76.8%-87.2%) external test accuracy. While the expert endoscopist's decisions were not influenced by AutoDL, the faulty AutoDL misled the endoscopy trainee and the general physician. However, this was corrected by the support of the best performance AutoDL model. The trainee gained the most benefit from the AutoDL support.

CONCLUSIONS

AutoDL is deemed useful for the on-site establishment of customized deep learning models. An inexperienced endoscopist with at least a certain level of expertise can benefit from AutoDL support.
Management vs Self-Regulation in Russian IT Companies in Search of an Effective Way to Run a Business While Promoting Happiness in the Modern World: Empirical Study Results
Authors: Ashton A. , Bayer Ju. P.
Published: October 2020

Most of the IT companies all around the world are increasingly turning to the project management structure, in particular, the SCRUM and Agile models, however, there are also those who are keen on a strict hierarchical model and prefer to strengthen the vertical of power, and in some cases tighten control through bureaucratization processes. Business efficiency depends on the specifics of the implementation of each specific model and many additional factors. The empirical part of our research is dedicated to identifying the direct correlation between various aspects of the management structure functioning and thorough assessments of employees’ satisfaction and business success.

We think that our work will be useful for any professionals of IT industry: project managers, as well as owners of new companies and developers of start-ups and also managers of more mature businesses which are facing crises of effectiveness or problems with employees satisfaction.
E-Government as an Integrative Public Service Platform
Authors: Malik E. N. , Shedy M. V. , Pikalov B. V.
Published: October 2020

In the article, a comprehensive analysis of theoretical aspects of the formation of “e-government” was carried out in the context of the development of new state management. Factors affecting the formation and development of e-government in Russia have been identified.

The authors argue that the application of new and improved e-government tools is an important task in the context of improving the efficiency of public and municipal governance. The use of “e-government” technologies and tools makes the process of public administration more open, as citizens receive the necessary level of awareness about the results of the activities of public authorities. The advantages of developing interactive interaction between state administration bodies and citizens through expansion of activities of state ports, multifunctional centers of provision of state and municipal services, as well as state automated systems are justified.
Open Model for Independent Assessment of Digital Economy Competencies
Authors: Grigorev V. Yu.
Published: October 2020

The article describes an open model for the independent assessment of the competencies of the digital economy developed and implemented by the Russian Academy of National Economy and Civil Service under the President of the Russian Federation (RANEPA)
Activism failure of state-owned pension funds with board seats in Brazil
Authors: de Almeida Luiz Philippe Antoun , Leal Ricardo Pereira Câmara
Published: October 2020

There is no clear positive and significant impact of institutional investor activism in Brazil possibly due to lack of skills, portfolio diversification motivations (Sonza & Granzotto, 2018), and conflicts of interest (Maranho, Leal, & Bortolon, 2020). This article investigates two high profile activism cases to assess these conjectures and address two very large and widely held Brazilian companies, which had good corporate governance indicators and were not state-controlled or closely regulated. The cases involve the two largest Brazilian pension funds, both sponsored by state-owned companies because their size and importance would make a positive outcome more likely. Yet, in both cases, the pensions funds failed in their attempts, even when acting jointly with other foreign and domestic institutional investors. The conclusion suggests that these investors may lack skills to assess the likelihood and consequences of events that occurred soon after their investment and that changed the fundamental nature of their investees. This study places the lack of activism success under the general discussion of the challenge of costly active versus passive portfolio management. Finally, there was no evidence of conflicts of interest and political alignment of these state-related pension funds in these two activism situations
Public Health Innovations for COVID-19: Finding, Trusting, and Scaling Innovation
Authors: Merten Martina , Roth Susann , Allaudin Fazilah Shaik
Published: October 2020

The public and private sector, civil society, and academic institutions have developed many innovative solutions to manage public health aspects of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. Innovators have focused on tools for surveillance, supply chain management, clinical trials, diagnosis, communication, and developing vaccines. These have been supplemented by research collaboration platforms, isolation and hospital upgrading novelties, as well as risk stratification resources. This paper provides an overview of these solutions to enhance the evidence-based application of innovative public health approaches. The author’s also propose that a “living platform” for sharing public health innovations is developed.
Stabilization of rose hip oil with pomegranate peel extract during accelerated storage
Authors: Mudric Jelena , Drinic Zorica , Zdunic Gordana , Todosijevic Marina , Bigovic Dubravka , Menkovic Nebojsa , Savikin Katarina
Published: October 2020

Rose hip seed oil is a rich source of polyunsaturated fatty acids, as well as tocopherols, carotenoids, sterols, phospholipids, and phenolic compounds. On the other hand, due to the high content of polyunsaturated fatty acids, this oil is prone to oxidation. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of a natural antioxidant, i.e., pomegranate peel extract, and its combination with butylated hydroxytoluene as a commonly used synthetic antioxidant, on the stability of rose hip oil. The stability of samples without and with different antioxidants was monitored through analysis of the fatty acid composition and measurement of the quality and stability parameters of the oil (peroxide value, p-anisidine value, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances inhibition, total phenolic content and antiradical activity) during a storage period of 12 days at 65 ?C. Pomegranate peel extract (0.1 %) inhibited more effectively the second stage of oxidation than butylated hydroxytoluene (0.02 %), while the first stage of oxidation was better prevented by the synthetic antioxidant. Furthermore, the addition of pomegranate peel extract increased the total phenolic content of the rose hip oil as well as its antiradical activity. Thus, pomegranate peel extract could be used as a potent natural antioxidant for the stabilization of beneficial but unstable rose hip oil.
Operationalizing smart specialization in a Portuguese follower region
Authors: Almeida Alexandre , Afonso Óscar , Silva Mario
Published: October 2020

The inability of the European Union (EU) to grow has raised questions regarding the effectiveness of competitiveness and growth policies. To increase efficacy, the EU has determined that regions must undergo an exercise in smart specialization and devise a strategy for the same. However, particularly in follower regions facing severe locked-in problems and structural bottlenecks, the application of smart specialization may require adjustments and a more dynamic vision, especially with regard to the follower regions. Furthermore, many operational issues arise in the programming and policy-devising stages. This article aims to contribute to this debate by proposing a framework to guide the selection of priorities and by applying the proposed framework to the Portuguese North region.
Analysis of the effects of CO2 emissions sourced by commercial marine fleet by using energy efficiency design index
Authors: Mersin Kadir , Bayirhan Irsad , Gazioglu Cem
Published: October 2020

Environmentally friendly compared to other modes of transport, is still
responsi?ble for 1 billionns of CO2 emissions per year and 2.7% of total
global emissions, although it has the lowest CO2 emissions per mile. In
order to keep the world?s sur?face temperature below the critical +2 ?C,
International Maritime Organization works with alternative methods
especially in the energy efficiency design index, to increase the
productivity depending on the type and operation of the ship to reduce
current CO2 emissions each tonne per mile basis. More energy-efficient
vessels are necessary due to the increasing volume of maritime trade in
parallel to meet the growing energy demands and reduce total CO2 emissions.
Measures to reduce CO2 emissions also increase efficiency and fuel-savings.
The most significant parameter of fuel economy is the speed of the ship.
Sensitivity analysis was used to determine the ecological speed limits of
vessels in terms of minimum commercial profitability by a gradual reduction
in operating speeds. Consequently a solution methodology for the effects of
slow steaming to the global environment is presented as a CO2 emission
reduction activity under the systematic analysis of human thought.
Heat and mass transfer of oils in baffled and finned ducts
Authors: Menni Younes , Ameur Houari , Chamkha Ali , Inc Mustafa , Almohsen Bandar
Published: October 2020

This analysis intends to simulate the forced-convection and oil flow
characteristics in the turbulent regime (Re = 5000-25000) through
rectangular-shaped ducts with staggered, transverse, solid, and flat baffle
plates. The study is achieved by using a calculation software based on the
finite volume method (FLUENT) with selected SIMPLE, Quick, and k-? model.
Two various models of baffled ducts are simulated in this analysis under
steady flow conditions. In the first model (Case A), a duct with one upper
fin and two lower baffles is examined. However and in the second model (Case
B), a duct with two upper fins and one lower baffle is treated. The con?tour
plots of stream-function, number of Nusselt, and coefficient of skin
friction are addressed. As expected, the heat transfer rates raised in the
second case (Case B), due to the presence of the lower second obstacle that
directs the entire oil current towards the hot upper part of the second duct
at very high velocities, resulting thus in enhanced heat transfer rates,
especially in the case of high Reynolds number values.
Lattice boltzmann simulation of boiling heat transfer in a shear flow
Authors: Shan Xiaopeng , Guan Geng , Nie Deming
Published: October 2020

In this work a two-phase lattice Boltzmann method was used to numerically
study the behavior of liquid-vapor phase change induced by a heated plate
under the action of shearing. The effects of the action of shearing on the
bubble growth and departure were investigated in terms of the flow features,
the average heat flux and the bubble releasing period. It is shown that the
shear flow significantly enhances the heat transfer of the system in two
respects: increasing the average heat flux and decreasing the bubble
releasing period. The effects of the intensity of the shear flow and the
gravity force on the bubble releasing period were examined as well. The most
striking finding is that there exists a sudden jump in the period at a
critical shear intensity of the flow. The reason behind this abnormal
behavior is that the residual part of bubble is nearly condensed after the
bulk of bubble departs from the heated plate.
Thermal analysis of magnetohydrodynamic viscous fluid with innovative fractional derivative
Authors: Ahmad Mushtaq , Imran Muhammad , Baleanu Dumitru , Alshomrani Ali
Published: October 2020

In this study, an attempt is made to investigate a fractional model of
unsteady and an incompressible MHD viscous fluid with heat transfer. The
fluid is lying over a vertical and moving plate in its own plane. The
problem is modeled by using the constant proportional Caputo fractional
derivatives with suitable boundary conditions. The non-dimensional governing
equations of problem have been solved analytically with the help of Laplace
transform techniques and explicit expressions for respective field variable
are obtained. The transformed solutions for energy and momentum balances are
appeared in terms of series form. The analytical results regarding velocity
and temperature are plotted graphically by MATHCAD software to see the
influence of physical parameters. Some graphic comparisons are also mad
among present results with hybrid fractional derivatives and the published
results that have been obtained by Caputo. It is found that the velocity and
temperature with constant proportional Capu?to fractional derivative are
portrait better decay than velocities and temperatures that obtained with
Caputo and Caputo-Fabrizio derivative. Further, rate of heat transfer and
skin friction can be enhanced with smaller values of fractional parameter.
Review of total emission of transit Shipsin the Dardanelle which including possible CO2 emission of 1915 Canakkale Bridge
Authors: Mersin Kadir
Published: October 2020

Canakkale Strait (Dardanelles), is one of two straits that have Turkey with
Bosphorus. This strait, which has a length of 38 miles, provides the
connection of countries with a coast to the Black Sea to the Mediterranean.
43454 ships pass through the strait annually. According to 2019 data, 45.33%
general cargo ship, 21.43% bulk carrier, 21.78% tanker, 6.43% container,
0.65% roro, and 0.61% passenger ship, and 3.77% other type of ship passed.
Therefore, by including the Canakkale 1915 bridge which will be completed in
2023, the six most frequent ship types were examined and their emission
values were calculated in this study.
Time in range in relation to all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Lu Jingyi , Wang Chunfang , Shen Yun , Chen Lei , Zhang Lei , Cai Jinghao , Lu Wei , Zhu Wei , Hu Gang , Xia Tian , Zhou Jian
Published: October 2020

Objective: There is growing evidence linking
time in range (TIR), an emerging metric for assessing glycemic control, to
diabetes-related outcomes. We aimed to investigate the association between TIR
and mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Research design
and methods: A total of 6225 adult patients with type 2
diabetes were included from January 2005 to December 2015 from a single center
in Shanghai, China. TIR was measured with continuous glucose monitoring at
baseline, and the participants were stratified into 4 groups by TIR: >85%, 71-85%,
51-70%, and ≤50%. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to
estimate the association between different levels of TIR and the risks of
all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality.

Results: The mean age of the participants was 61.7
years at baseline. During a median follow-up of 6.9 years, 838
deaths were identified, 287 of which were due to CVD. The
multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios associated with different levels of TIR (>85%
[reference group], 71-85%, 51-70%, and ≤50%) were 1.00, 1.23 (95% CI, 0.98-1.55),
1.30 (95% CI, 1.04-1.63), and 1.83 (95% CI, 1.48-2.28) for all-cause mortality
(P for trend <0.001), and 1.00, 1.35 (95% CI, 0.90-2.04), 1.47 (95% CI, 0.99-2.19),
and 1.85 (95% CI, 1.25-2.72) for CVD mortality (P for trend =0.015),
respectively.

Conclusions: The present study indicated an association of lower
TIR with an increased risk of all-cause and CVD mortality among patients with type
2 diabetes, supporting the validity of TIR as a surrogate
marker of long-term adverse clinical outcomes.
A business case for a data-driven decision-making tool to support the UNBC research enterprise.
Authors:   , Barnes Mark
Published: October 2020

Business intelligence tools allows for data-driven decision-making within organizations using historical events to predict future trends, which is especially valuable when allocating operational resources. As a research-intensive Canadian university, UNBC has seen a significant increase in activities related to supporting the research enterprise, which requires additional resources (human, capital, financial etc.) in order to effectively and efficiently advance the mission of the research community. As outlined in our Annual University Accountability Report, 2018/19 was an incredibly productive year for research with more than $14 million received in support of research. The University has seen a significant increase in the number and breadth of agencies and organizations funding research at UNBC. The administration of research awards involves both pre-award and post-award processes, which requires responsible allocation of available resources to ensure a sustainable model will be developed to achieve goals outlined by the institution’s strategic priorities and build the foundation to reach our goal of a research enterprise generating $25M in annual research revenue. Therefore, using business intelligence tools to utilize historical data to predict the necessary resourcing needs of the institution will allow UNBC to make strategic investments in research and remain competitive on the provincial, national and international stage. Informed decision-making when investing resources are critical to the success of any business. The goal of my MBA project is to gather critical information to be used in the development a data visualization and forecasting tool that will allow for informed decisions for the allocation of resources necessary to support the research mission at UNBC. The objectives of the MBA project are two-fold, which include the development of the business case for the UNBC data visualization tool (DVT) and also the completion of a design document. The information gathered6 from this project will be used in the future (post-MBA) to develop a data visualization tool that will allow for the on-going monitoring of UNBC’s progress towards putting in place the appropriate resources to reach $25M in annual research revenue. Specifically, the MBA project will consist of completing a comprehensive business case outlining the “business need” and potential solutions. Secondly, the MBA project will consist of developing a “design document” for an eventual tool that will be used to visualize research funding and labor information to inform business decisions for resource planning for the UNBC research enterprise. This design support system will be used by senior leadership within UNBC to effectively and efficiently make decisions to allocate resources.
Poétique gravitationnelle. Artaud véloce
Authors:   Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada (simon.harel@umontreal.ca), Harel Simon
Published: October 2020

Isn’t Earth the matrix of the human species, in all of its creations and re-creations? This “essay-fiction” offers a reflection on the concept of planetarity. It sparks a debate on the aftermath of economic globalism and commercial borders (free trade treaties, the return of bilateralism during the Trump era among several other questions). The evocation of the oeuvres of Antonin Artaud and Arthur Rimbaud allows us to describe what is gravitational poetics, where the texts seem to feel the power of terrestrial attraction. The planetary humanity raises the question of the uniqueness of the human subject, following the abolition of all physical frontiers.