bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prospecting and management alternatives of fungal diseases associated in the blueberry crop (Vaccinium corymbosum L.)
Authors: Aguilar-Anccota René , Imán-Castillo Miguel Á. , Silupú-Masías José A. , Rafael-Rutte Robert , Calle-Cheje Yuri H. , Campos e Silva Ivis Andrei , Morales-Pizarro Arturo , Maldonado Duque Edgar , Javier Alva Javier
Published: January 2024

The cultivation area of blueberries (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) has a significant growth worldwide due to its nutritional value, the growing global demand and its economic potential. In Peru, the production of this crop is mainly for export and one of the main producing areas is the province of Trujillo. The objective of the study was to characterize and describe the symptoms of pathogens causing fungal diseases in the blueberry crop. Samples were taken from plants showing necrotic streaks on the stem, leaves and fruit for microbiological analysis in the laboratory. Samples were processed by direct observation of symptoms and presence of signs, using a humid chamber to promote sporulation and PDA culture medium for fungal isolates. Pestalotia sp. causing leaf spot and stem blight, Thekopsora minima causing leaf rust, Botrytis cinerea causing gray mold on flowers and fruit, and Lasiodiplodia theobromae causing dieback were identified. To corroborate their identification, pathogenicity tests were performed. For the control of these diseases, it is recommended that an integrated management plan be implemented to reduce the conditions for pathogen development, thus avoiding short-, medium- and long-term economic losses in the blueberry crop.
Biofertilizer based on fish waste increases the yield of Vigna unguiculata L. Walp, Zea mays L., and the rhizospheric microbiota
Authors: Maquén-Perleche José , Aldana-Carbonel Sandra , Suárez Muguerza Lila , Sánchez Purihuamán Marilín Nicoll , Caro-Castro Junior , Carreño-Farfán Carmen
Published: January 2024

Crops of Vigna unguiculata L. “cowpea” and Zea mays L. “corn” require chemical fertilizers for proper growth and development; however, its inadequate application contaminates the environment, creating the need to search new alternatives that reduce its impact. Due to this, the objective of this research was to determine the effect of a biofertilizer from fish wastes on the yield of cowpea and corn, and its effect on their rhizospheric microbiota. The physicochemical and biological characteristics of the biofertilizer were determined, and then was applied on the field under a completely randomized block design with six treatments: absolute control, chemical control, biofertilizer at 1%, 1.25%, 1.5% and 1.25% plus chemical fertilizer. The application of biofertilizer at 1, 1.25 and 1.5% increased the height, root length and yield of cowpea; however, the increase percentages were lower than those obtained with chemical fertilizer and the biofertilizer at 1.25% plus chemical fertilizer. In the case of corn, all treatments with biofertilizer increased the growth and yield of aerial biomass compared to the control, and the percentages of increase exceeded the chemical fertilizer in terms of the number of leaves, length and root biomass. In addition, the biofertilizer increased the microbial fertility of the soil expressed as the number of colony-forming units of nitrogen-fixing and phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms per gram of soil in both crops. In conclusion, a positive effect of the biofertilizer from fish wastes was evidenced, which increased the yield of cowpea and corn, as well as an increase in soil microbial fertility.
Comprehensive utilization of the Black Soldier Fly: Bioconversion, sustainability, and emerging challenges
Authors: Bermúdez-Serrano Ileana Maricruz , Sánchez-Velázquez Oscar Abel
Published: January 2024

The black soldier fly (BSF) has garnered the attention of the scientific community due to its outstanding efficiency in transforming organic waste into raw materials that can be incorporated into the value chain. A bibliometric and bibliographic review was conducted to elucidate the pivotal role played by the bioconversion of organic matter in shaping sustainable circular economy systems. The analysis revealed that black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) have proven effective in the bioconversion of common waste, such as household and livestock waste, yielding valuable biomass. Despite these advancements, the exploration of new sources of organic matter persists to mitigate its environmental impact. Emerging technologies enable the efficient processing of BSFL biomass, yielding substitutes for environmentally unfriendly materials. Although the literature emphasizes the advantages of BSF in constructing circular economy models, obstacles such as limited legislation and insufficient incentives for producers, concerns about pathogens and contaminants, and low public acceptance of this species are identified. However, the growing trend in scientific interest suggests that BSF could play a central role in building sustainable societies in the future.
Mechanism of Circular RNAs and Their Potential as Novel Therapeutic Agents in Retinal Vascular Diseases
Authors:   The Pharmaceutical Society Of Korea, Kim Hyunjong , Ryu Juhee
Published: January 2024

Maintaining and preserving visual function became critical in this aging society. The number of patients with retinal vascular disease such as retinopathy of prematurity, age-related macular degeneration, and diabetic retinopathy is gradually increasing due to increased life expectancy, advancements in the technology of delivering premature babies, and complications due to eating habits. To treat these retinal vascular diseases, surgical intervention such as laser photocoagulation and anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) drugs can be considered. However, these treatment options are accompanied by various complications and adverse effects. Thus, new treatments focusing on the pathogenesis of retinal vascular disease need to be developed. Various evidences suggest that circular RNA is involved in the pathogenesis of retinal disease. In this article, we discuss about currently used treatments of retinal vascular diseases and the emerging role of circular RNAs in the pathogenesis of retinal vascular diseases. Therefore, understanding the mechanism of circular RNA regulating retinal disease and developing therapeutics using these circular RNAs may offer novel treatment options to cure retinal vascular disease.
Ovarian Absorption and Systemic Bioavailability Study of Paeoniflorin Solubilized with L-Lysine
Authors:   The Pharmaceutical Society Of Korea, Hwang Ye Jin , Kim Ah Rum , Kim Hyeon Woo , Kang Jae Seon
Published: January 2024

Menopause refers to the period in a woman’s life when ovarian function declines, leading to a cessation of ovulation and a significant hormonal shift. Commonly associated symptoms include facial flushing, sleep disturbances, fatigue, and depression. These symptoms are typically treated with hormone therapy, although there is concern about the increased risk of endometrial cancer, cardiovascular disease, and breast cancer associated with excessive estrogen use. This has led to a growing interest in natural remedies as an alternative approach. Paeoniflorin is a pharmacologically active compound found in Paeonia lactiflora, one of the major components of this plant. Paeonia lactiflora has been traditionally used to treat women’s health issues, but there is currently insufficient research in this area compared to its historical use. Moreover, there is a lack of studies on ovarian absorption rates, prompting the present study. In this research, paeoniflorin was solubilized using L-Lysine, and its ovarian absorption rate and overall bioavailability were compared to the conventional extract. The results demonstrated a 58.5% increase in ovarian absorption when solubilized with L-Lysine. In terms of overall bioavailability, the area under the curve (AUC) value for oral administration was 3122.66 ng·hr/mL, whereas the AUC value for intravenous injection was 4191.20 ng·hr/mL. These findings suggest the potential of L-Lysinesolubilized paeoniflorin as an effective treatment for menopausal symptoms, offering a promising natural alternative to hormone therapy.
Rat organotypic cultures for AAV-mediated vital labeling of the extracellular matrix v1
Authors: N. Soria Federico , Fernandez-Ballester Mario
Published: January 2024

In this protocol we describe the preparation and maintenance of rat organotypic cultures (cortico-striatal) for AAV-infection and imaging of the extracellular matrix. The AAV, in this case, induces the expression of a exportable hyaluronan-binding protein (Neurocan) fused with GFP, that allows vital labeling (and hence live imaging) of the extracellular matrix. The organotypic cultures can be maintained for several weeks, allowing for repeated imaging and longitudinal studies.
Menstrual Döngü ve Sirkadiyen Ritme Göre Akut Yüksek Şiddette Egzersizin Biyoelektrik Empedans Analizinden Ölçülen Faz Açısı Üzerine Etkisi: Pilot Çalışma
Authors: HAZIR Tahir , KÖSE Mehmet Gören , KULAKSIZOĞLU Tuğba Nilay , ESATBEYOĞLU Ferhat , KİN İŞLER Ayşe
Published: January 2024

Faz açısı (FA), hem yumuşak doku kütlesinin miktarındaki hem de kalitesindeki değişiklikleri ifade eder. Bu çalışmanın amacı, akut yüksek şiddette kesintili egzersizin menstrual döngü (MD) ve sirkadiyen ritme (SR) göre biyoelektrik impedans yöntemi (BIA) ile ölçülen FA üzerine etkisini incelemektir. Düzenli menstrual döngüye sahip (menstruasyon gün: 28.7 ± 2.05 gün) 10 gönüllü kadının (yaş = 21.4 ± 2.7 yıl) menstrual döngünün midfoliküler (7–9. günler) ve luteal (21–23. günler) fazlarında sabah (08:30–10:00) ve akşam (18:00–19:00) bisiklet ergometresinde 5x6 saniye tekrarlı sprint testinden önce ve hemen sonra (1. dakika), 10. ve 20. dakikalarda elden ayağa BIA’dan “arktanjant(Reaktans/Rezistans) x (180/π)” formülü kullanılarak FA belirlenmiştir. Biyolojik döngüler ve akut egzersizin FA üzerine etkisi için 2 x 2 x 4 (menstrual faz x günün zamanı x egzersiz) Tekrarlı ölçümlerde çok yönlü varyans analizi kullanılmıştır. MD’nin ve SR’nin BIA ile ölçülen FA üzerine etkisi anlamlı bulunmamıştır (sırasıyla p=0.095; η2=0.279, p=0.373; η2=0.089). Akut yüksek şiddette egzersizin de FA üzerine etkisi anlamlı değildir (p=0.457; η2=0.090). Benzer şekilde MD x SR (p=0.188; η2=0.184), MD x egzersiz (p=0. 889; η2=0.023), SR x egzersiz (p= 0.351; η2 = 0.112), MD x SR x egzersiz (p= 0.048; η2 = 0.251) etkileşimleri de anlamlı değildir. Bu çalışmanın bulguları, kadınlarda BIA ile ölçülen faz açısının menstrual döngü ve sirkadiyen ritim ile kombine akut yüksek şiddetteki egzersizden etkilenmediğini göstermiştir. Ek olarak etkileşim istatistiklerinin anlamlı olmaması da faz açısında meydana gelen değişimlerin benzer olduğunu gösterir. Bu bulgular, kadınlarda yumuşak doku kütlesinin miktar ve kalitesindeki değişiklikler belirlenirken, biyolojik döngülerin ve akut yüksek şiddette egzersizin kısıtlayıcı etkisinin olmadığını göstermektedir.
Reliability of intracortical inhibiton measured using threshold tracking technique
Authors: Bakulin I. S. , Zabirova A. Kh. , Poydasheva A. G. , Sinitsyn D. O. , Lagoda D. Yu. , Suponeva N. A. , Piradov M. A.
Published: January 2024

Background. Paired-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation allows assessing intracortical inhibition. However, a high variability of motor evoked potential (MEP) amplitude is a limitation of its use. Therefore, a new threshold tracking technique became of particular interest, which is based on the measurement not of the amplitude, but of the change of test stimulus intensity required to induce a MEP of a given amplitude.Aim. The assessment of absolute and relative reliability of short-interval intracortical inhibition (SICI) using threshold tracking technique in healthy volunteers.Materials and methods. All healthy volunteers included into the study (n = 12) underwent diagnostic paired-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation in two consecutive days. The procedure included registration of passive motor threshold; the registration of 30 MEPs with supra-threshold intensity and determination of SICI using threshold tracking technique. At the first day the procedure was performed twice (T1, T2), at the second day – once (T3). Standard error of the measurement (SEM) and SEM% were calculated to assess absolute reliability, and intra-class correlation coefficient – for the assessment of relative reliability.Results. A good or excellent relative reliability were observed for SICI averaged at intervals 1.0–3.0 ms and 1.0–7.0 ms when assessed within a day or at different days. Relative reliability of SICI at separate interstimulus intervals varied in a wide range. SEM% was more than 10 % both for averaged SICI and SICI at all interstimulus intervals. Motor threshold had excellent reliability both assessed within a day and at different days, and low SEM values (5.6 % for Т1–Т2 and 4.39 % for Т1–Т3). High SEM and SEM% were observed for average MEP amplitude, it also had a moderate relative reliability when assessed within a day and a poor one – at different days.Conclusion. Calculation of averaged SICI can be recommended in further studies because of its high reliability values.
Factors modifying the course of spinal muscular atrophy 5q
Authors: Akhkiamova M. A. , Shchagina O. A. , Polyakov A. V.
Published: January 2024

Proximal spinal muscular atrophy 5q (SMA 5q) is a severe autosomal recessive neuromuscular disease characterized by progressive symptoms of flaccid paralysis and muscular atrophy due to degeneration of α-motor neurons of the anterior horns of the spinal cord. To date, the main modifying factor of spinal muscular atrophy is considered to be the number of copies of the SMN2 gene. However, a sufficient number of other genetic and non-genetic modifiers of the course of SMA have been described.Advanced neonatal screening, which started in the Russian Federation in 2023, allows detecting SMA 5q before the onset of clinical manifestations. However, to start therapy and select the right drug, it is important to know not only the main modifying factor (the number of copies of SMN2), but also other genetic causes that may affect the age of the disease manifestation or the effectiveness of therapy.
Ars Dragonia Joanny Jodełki – young adult fantasy, urban fantasy, low fantasy czy kryminał fantasy? Wyznaczniki gatunkowe powieści ukryte w onimach
Authors: Nowak Marta
Published: January 2024

Tematem artykułu jest korelacja między onimami oraz gatunkiem powieści. Celem artykułu jest zbadanie, do jakiego podgatunku literatury fantasy należy powieść Ars Dragonia oraz jak nazwy własne współtworzą gatunek literacki. Przyjęta metodologia badań to onomastyka gatunku z elementami analizy funkcjonalnej onimów. Ważne miejsce w badaniach zajmuje intertekstualność. Nazwy własne wyekscerpowane z powieści Joanny Jodełki – Ars Dragonia wskazują, że powieść ta sytuuje się na pograniczu kryminału oraz literatury fantastycznej. Określenia gatunkowe najczęściej stosowane do tego typu literatury to: low fantasy, urban fantasy bądź young adult fantasy. Wszystkie kładą nacisk na elementy fantastyczne zawarte w powieści, pomijając całkowicie wątek kryminalny. W wypadku powieści dla młodzieży Joanny Jodełki wątek kryminalny jest równie istotny, stąd potrzeba stworzenia określenia gatunkowego, które łączyłoby oba te elementy, jak np. kryminał fantastyczny. Koncepcja powieści opiera się na zderzeniu współczesnego Poznania oraz przestrzeni fantastycznej, zaś na ich styku wyłania się trzeci świat, rzeczywistość pograniczna, po której poruszają się bohaterowie. Ważne są liczne zaburzenia chronologii oraz stałe mieszanie się dwóch przestrzeni: realnej oraz fantastycznej. W efekcie najtrafniejszym rozwiązaniem wydaje się zakwalifikowanie omawianej powieści do nurtu fantasy przeniesienia, gdyż poruszanie się bohaterów między dwoma światami (realnym i fantastycznym), ich wzajemne oddziaływanie oraz zaburzenia chronologii skutkujące wpisaną w powieść bezczasowością stanowią trzon fabuły. Obraz współczesnego Poznania został oddany przede wszystkim za pomocą urbanonimów, rzadziej antroponimów, za to w tym podgatunku powieści niemal w ogóle nie występują chrematonimy (poza nielicznymi ideonimami). Zrozumienie onomastykonu analizowanej prozy wymaga od czytelnika wiedzy na temat kultury oraz erudycji, ponieważ pisarka podejmuje z czytelnikiem grę na poziomie propriów, które odsyłają do różnych kodów kulturowych. Częstym zabiegiem jest także przywoływanie imion i nazwisk artystów i naukowców, których właściwe odczytanie wymaga od czytelnika wiedzy oraz dużej orientacji w kulturze, sztuce lub filozofii.
TDMA-tabanlı bir bilişsel radyo ağının sonlu birincil ve ikincil kullanıcılar için modellenmesi, benzetimi ve çağrı başarım analizi
Authors: ATMACA Sedat
Published: January 2024

Bu makalede; TDMA-tabanlı bir bilişsel radyo ağı modellenmiş ve ağdaki ikincil kullanıcıların (İK’ların) çağrı başarımı farklı birincil ve ikincil kullanıcı trafik parametreleri ile farklı zaman dilimi sayıları için analiz edilmiştir. Gerçekleştirilen modelde birincil kullanıcılar, ortam erişim kontrol mekanizmasında klasik çözümlerden farklı olarak Zaman Bölmeli Çoklu Erişim tekniği kullanmakta, ayrıca ikincil kullanıcılar, birincil kullanıcılar tarafından kullanılmayan zaman dilimlerinden fırsatçı bir yaklaşımla yararlanmaktadır. Geliştirilen ağ modelinde, birincil kullanıcıların kanala erişimde ikincil kullanıcılara göre yüksek önceliğe sahip oldukları ve ikincil kullanıcıların kanal kullanımından etkilenmedikleri varsayılmaktadır. Bilişsel radyo ağının başarımı iki boyutlu sürekli Markov zinciri kullanılarak çağrı-tıkanma ve çağrı-düşme olasılıkları açısından analitik olarak detaylıca analiz edilmiştir. Ayrıca, ilgili ağ modelinin Monte-Carlo benzetimi gerçekleştirilmiş ve benzetim sonuçları analitik sonuçlar ile doğrulanmıştır. Elde edilen benzetim sonuçlarına göre, İK varış hızı λ_s=0,07 ve zaman dilimi sayısı N=4 olduğunda İK çağrı-tıkanma olasılığı 0,0347 iken N=6 için bu değer %95 iyileşerek 0,00172 değerini ve N=8 için ise %99 iyileşerek 0,00034 değerini aldığı görülmüştür.
Effects of green and innovative pretreatment techniques on kinetic parameters of sunflower seed husk
Authors: GÖKTEPELİ Gamze
Published: January 2024

The effects of green pretreatment processes, such as ultrasonic process (US) and deep eutectic solvent (DES), applied to the biomass on kinetic parameters are as important as their effects on characteristic properties. Process conditions and course of reaction progression depend on the knowledge about kinetic parameters, activation energy and reaction model of thermal degradation in scale-up studies. Therefore, in this study, the change in the kinetic parameters with US applied with both distilled water and DES (glycerol:sodium acetate) at 100 W power and 20 kHz frequency for 10 minutes to sunflower seed husk (SSH) was revelaed. Isoconversional methods Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose (KAS) and Flynn- Wall-Ozawa (FWO) were preferred for the evaluation of activation energy of SSH and pretreated SSH at 15°C/min, 20°C/min and 25°C/min heating rates. US pretreatment with DES instead of water resulted in increment of average activation energy values (Ea) from 113.13 to 143.65 kJ/mol in the KAS method. Ea values for all SSH samples changed in the range of 87.72-143.65 kJ/mol and higher Ea values was obtained with KAS method for pretreated SSH samples. Consequently, the use of DES in US pretreatment was more effective to change kinetic parameters of SSH compared to water.
Topology optimization and numerical verification in an aircraft engine bracket
Authors: SARAÇ İsmail , KOÇAK Alp Timuçin
Published: January 2024

The importance of saving energy and materials by lightening structures is constantly increasing. With its powerful software capabilities, Topology Optimization produces solutions for this exact purpose. In addition, thanks to Topology Optimization, more innovative and competitive structures can be produced. The development of additive manufacturing methods has also increased interest in Topology Optimization. In Topology Optimization, volumetric elements that do not carry any load or carry little load are removed from the structure. Thus, lighter, but sufficiently durable structures can be obtained. In this study, the topology optimization of a bracket used as a fastener in a jet engine was carried out using ABAQUS Finite Element software. Required bracket geometry, load conditions, and material information were obtained from an online design competition announced by General Electric. Ti6Al4V alloy was used as the bracket material. At the beginning of the study, static analysis was performed on the original bracket model to obtain the load paths required for topology optimization. As a result of the static analysis, the load paths within the jet engine bracket were determined and topology optimization was applied to the bracket to minimize the mass without reducing the rigidity. As a result of the analysis studies, it has been proven that nearly 80% material savings can be achieved from the bracket thanks to topology optimization.
Agrega türünün uçucu kül ve tuğla tozu esaslı geopolimer harç özelliklerine etkisi
Authors: TOKDEMİR Merve , RAMYAR Kambiz , GÜLTEKİN Adil
Published: January 2024

Bu çalışmada, kum türünün uçucu kül ve atık tuğla tozu esaslı geopolimerlerin bazı özellikleri üzerindeki etkisi araştırılmıştır. Bu kapsamda pomza agregası ve CEN standart kumu kullanılarak üretilen geopolimer harçların birim hacim ağırlık, basınç dayanımı ve yüksek sıcaklık dirençleri incelenmiştir. Harçların üretilmesinde, defolu tuğlaların öğütülmesi ile elde edilen tuğla tozu, F sınıfı uçucu kül, sodyum silikat ve sodyum hidroksit; harçların kürlenmesinde ise laboratuvar tipi hava dolaşımlı etüv ve ev tipi mikrodalga fırın kullanılmıştır. Etüv küründe, numuneler 48 saat boyunca 90°C’de kürlenirken mikrodalga küründe 300 watt güç seviyesinde, uçucu kül için 20 dakika, tuğla tozu için 30 dakika kürleme yapılmıştır. Alüminosilikat ve agrega türünden bağımsız olarak, etüv kürü ile daha yüksek basınç dayanımlarına ulaşıldığı, pomza agregası ile üretilen harçların basınç dayanımlarının, CEN kumu kullanılan harçlardan daha düşük olduğu belirlenmiştir. Buna karşın, yüksek sıcaklık direnci bakımından mikrodalga kürünün daha avantajlı olduğu, etüv kürü ile üretilen harçların yüksek sıcaklık etkisi ile dayanım kaybı yaşadıkları ancak mikrodalga kürü uygulanan harçların yüksek sıcaklıklara maruz kaldıktan sonra basınç dayanımlarının genel olarak yükseldiği belirlenmiştir.
Kızıldağ (Hatay) ofiyolitine ait manto peridotitlerinin petrografisi, tüm-kayaç jeokimyası ve erigiyik-kayaç etkileşim izleri
Authors: ŞEN Ahmet Dündar
Published: January 2024

Kızıldağ ofiyoliti (G-Türkiye) Neotetis okyanusunun güney kolunda oluşmuş okyanusal litosfer kalıntısı kayaçlar topluluğu olarak bilinmektedir. Ofiyolit istifi tabandan tavana doğru manto peridotitleri, ultramafik-mafik kümülatlar, izotrop gabrolar, levha dayk kompleksi ve yastık şekilli bazaltik örtü kayaçları şeklindedir. Manto peridotitleri harzburjit bileşimindedir ve değişen oranlarda serpantinleşme gözlenmektedir. Manto peridotitlerinin tüm kayaç ana oksit-iz element ve Lantanit Grubu Element (LGE) içerikleri harzburjitlerin değişen derecelerde kısmi ergime kalıntısı kayaçlar olduğuna işaret etmektedir. Harzburjitler düşük tüm-kayaç Al ve Ca kompozisyonlarına sahiptir ve SSZ peridotitlerin tüketilmiş karakterini yansıtmaktadır. Tüketilmiş manto harzburjitleri, bazı büyük iyon yarıçaplı elementler (LILE) ve hafif lantanit grubu elementler (HLGE) bakımından zenginleşme gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir ve bu durum yitim sırasında meydana gelen ergiyik manto etkileşimine işaret etmektedir. Harzburjitlerin tüm kayaç MgO içerikleri ile CaO ve Al2O3 içerikleri kıyaslandığında bu kayaçların %20-30 arası kısmi ergime kalıntısı kayaçlar olduğu görülmektedir. Ayrıca kısmi ergime sırasında uyumsuz davrandığı bilinen Ti ve Yb içeriklerindeki zenginleşmeler ergiyik-kayaç etkileşimine işaret etmektedir.
ASSESSMENT OF THE REGULATED FLOW OF THE SERET RIVER
Authors:   Volodymyr Hnatyuk Ternopil National Pedagogical University, Kuzyk I.R. , Taranova N.B. ,   Volodymyr Hnatyuk Ternopil National Pedagogical University
Published: January 2024

The Seret River is a 242 km long left tributary of the Dniester, flowing within the Ternopil region. The basin covers an area of 3900 km2, a river slope of 0,9 and a river network density of 2,44 km2/km. The average long-term water discharge in the river is 12,1 m3/s, the water turbidity is 100-200 g/m3 and the salinity is 350-550 mg/dm3. There are 8 small hydropower plants on the river with a total capacity of 21,57 MW. The aim of the study is to assess the regulated flow of the Seret River and determine the amount of siltation in the reservoirs in its channel. The study found that 8 reservoirs have been created on the Seret River, with a total water surface area of 21 km2 and a total volume of 57,4 million m3. The Seret River is one of the most heavily regulated rivers in the Western Podillia. The Seret River basin contains 30% of all reservoirs in the Ternopil region. The upper reaches of the river are the most regulated, with 5 reservoirs with a total volume of about 33 million m3 and a usable volume of 25 million m3. According to the results of the calculations, it was found that the coefficient of flow regulation of the Seret River is 0,17; the degree of flow regulation is 0,25. The volume weight of sediment in the Seret River is 0,79 t/m3. It was found that the river transports about 57 thousand tonnes of sediment per year. Over the estimated period of operation (40 years), 3 million m3 of sediment will accumulate in the Seret River reservoirs. The siltation of Ternopil reservoir is 3,5 %, Vertelivske – 5 %, Zalozhtsivske – 10 %, Verkhnya Ivachyvka – 58 %, Bilche-Zolotetske – 65 %, Skorodynske – 75 %. Based on the results obtained, it can be concluded that the Seret River is undergoing significant anthropogenic pressure, and there are risks of degradation of the watercourse and a decrease in the energy potential of the reservoirs in the middle and lower reaches of the river. Therefore, there is a need to develop scientifically based measures to optimise nature management and renaturalise the Seret River basin and valley.
PREPARING STUDENTS FOR CHOOSING AND REALIZATION OF A PROFESSIONAL CAREER
Authors:   National Transport University, Kyiv, Ukraine, Bakhtiyarova Halidahon , Postoiuk Nataliia ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Koshechko Nataliia ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: January 2024

The article deals with interpretation features of concepts "career" and "career competency" of the future expert in terms of psychological, sociological, economic, acmeological and personal approaches. The article characterizes the structure and career competencies and defines the features of its formation in the training of future specialists.
THE ROLE OF TUTORING IN THE EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENT OF FOREIGN UNIVERSITIES
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Holovko Nataliya , Bakhmach Liudmyla ,   Pedagogical University named after Commission of Public Education in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
Published: January 2024

The article reveals the essential aspects of tutoring in higher education institutions of the UK and Germany. It is noted that the tutoring system is a pedagogical phenomenon that has historically developed in English society. The tutor did not receive any special pedagogical education; he transferred his experience of self-education due to the fact that he possessed the technique of reflection and knowledge. Since the first universities in Europe were established, tutoring has initially served as an accompaniment to getting the university degree, and later – a full-fledged organizer of educational activities in educational institutions. The following types of tutoring are distinguished depending on objectives: tutor-tutor, tutor-curator, tutor-consultant, tutor-leader of the educational program, and tutor in interdisciplinary education. Tutoring provides educational and mentoring functions, helping to build an individual learning direction and engage with the university's academic culture. Overseas, the tutoring system includes three components: lesson management (supervision), which provides student training and work during the holidays; moral mentoring, which provides support for the student's life at the university in the broadest sense of the word; own tutoring, which conducts student learning during the trimester or academic year. Tutor is a teacher who accompanies individual educational programs of students, organizes the process of individual work to identify, form and develop their cognitive interests, accompanies the process of forming their personality (helps them understand successes, failures, formulate a personal order for learning, build goals for the future ), coordinates the search for information by students for self-education.
FORMATION OF HICHER EDUCATION INSTITUTION STUDENTS' MOTIVATION FOR STUDYING COMPULSORY COMPONENTS OF THE EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMS
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Zhylenko Mykola
Published: January 2024

Analysis of psychological and pedagogical research shows a growing interest in the problem of motivating higher education students to study, which is now considered in a broader sense not as mastering a certain content of education and training, but as the formation of competencies for future activities. Under the current system, programs for higher education students meet the requirements of educational and professional standards. Curricula, accordingly, should contain a certain part of the compulsory components, which are often perceived by applicants as set from the outside. The given structure of the educational process (number, name and title of subjects) has significant differences in its subjective projection (dynamic model that has developed in the minds of students). In the system of attitudes of higher education students to the content of education and training, some subjects may not be perceived by them as necessary for the formation of personal characteristics and professional competencies. Many of them understand the professional necessity of only those subjects that are directly related to the specialty or professional qualification. Subjects that make an indirect contribution to training (form a worldview, give the methodology of knowledge, etc.) are not significant in students' opinion. Students also reject subjects in the section of compulsory disciplines, the meaning of which they do not understand in the structure of professional activity. This indicates that many people understand professional training in free economic education as a process of acquiring a certain amount of knowledge that is directly related to the content of future professional activities. Disciplines that reflect the requirements of educational and professional standards and are also compulsory may remain outside the realm of relevance. It is known that productive activity is possible only on the basis of intrinsic motivation. How to form students' intrinsic motivation for the compulsory components of the educational program? The process of such formation is considered on the example of studying one of the disciplines of the educational-scientific program of the second (master's) level of higher education in the specialty 011 educational, pedagogical sciences – "Higher Education Pedagogy"
FEATURES OF THE FORMATION OF CORPORATE CULTURE IN AN INSTITUTION OF HIGHER EDUCATION
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Nadiia Kuzmenko Nadiia
Published: January 2024

The article contains an analysis of the corporate culture of higher educational establishments including its components, levels and characteristics as well as strategy and stages of the formation. It is proved that corporate values and convictions are the main components of the employees` corporate culture. It is developed recommendations regarding the ways of forming and keeping of the corporate values and convictions at the high school.
MEANINGFUL LIFE VALUES OF THE PERSONALITY IN IVAN OGIENKO'S VIEWS
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Marushkevych Alla
Published: January 2024

The article proves the importance of Ivan Ohienko-Metropolitan Hilarion's views on the meaning of values of the individual. Examples of his instructions regarding good deeds, ideas about truth, respect for family, parents and relatives have been revealed. The position on the value of people's positive attitude towards prominent figures, heroes of the nation has been highlighted. The scientist's vision of the importance of the native language in the life of each individual, awareness of it as a meaningful life value has been described. The views of the scientist on work for the people, respectful attitude towards it and the work of other people, discipline of the soul, recognition of the achievements of others have been revealed.
PECULIARITIES OF THE DUAL EDUCATION IN GERMANY AS AN IMPORTANT ELEMENT OF PROFESSIONAL TRAINING
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Plakhotnik Olga , Strazhnikova Inna ,   Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, Kondratiuk Alla ,   National Pirogov Memorial Medical University
Published: January 2024

The need to reform the higher education system both in European countries and in Ukraine has led to the need to study the leading experience of educational practices of higher education institutions. German education is considered to be one of the best examples of high-quality modern education the practice of which is followed by the whole world. The development of german education is characterized by the transition to a dual system of education which has been successfully used in the country for more than twenty years. And, accordingly, as a result, Germany has shown high results and professional achievements of students as well as one of the lowest levels of youth unemployment. Moreover, the focus on german education is growing due to the successful combination of learning, practice and support for young people in personal and family development. Therefore, the study of Germany's best practices in the field of dual education is an important element in improving the system of Ukrainian and European education. Comparing the systems of dual and traditional learning, we tend to claim that the benefits of dual learning are obvious: 1) learning is as close as it is possible to the demands of production; 2) high employment rate; 3) increasing the diversity of educational programs; 4) more diverse professional development of the student; 5) stimulating business in investing in vocational education; 6) the implementation of scientific research is facilitated by the possibility of using modern production equipment directly in production itself; 7) there is an opportunity to influence the personality of the specialist as well as the formation of the necessary qualities of the employee in the model of the dual system of training; 8) as a technology, the dual system of training increases the motivation and need to obtain the knowledge necessary for professional activities due to the fact that the quality of acquired knowledge will allow to perform highquality duties in the workplace.
Stone Age Ivory Points from the Arctic Zone of Northeast Asia
Authors: Kandyba A. V. , Zotkina L. V. , Grigoriev S. E. , Fedorov S. E. , Cheprasov M. Y. , Novgorodov G. P. , Petrozhitskiy A. V. , Kuleshov D. V. , Parkhomchuk V. V.
Published: January 2024

We give a technological and typological description of two well-preserved points (one fragmented rod-shaped, the other double-slotted), made of mammoth ivory and found in the Ust-Yansky District of Sakha-Yakutia in 2016. Traces evidencing various stages of manufacture are described in detail. A succession of technological operations is reconstructed, from the preparation of preforms and further processing by planing and abrasion to final polishing. Spall negatives on artifacts are interpreted as post-depositional damage that could have occurred from the effect of cryogenic processes in sediments. The slotted specimen is decorated with five finely engraved arrows. The discovery context and the morphology of the rod-shaped specimen are similar to those of ivory points from the Yana sites, whereas the slotted one resembles those from Zhokhovo and other Northeast Asian sites of the same age. Radiocarbon analysis of the points supports these findings. The following conclusions are reached: the rod-shaped point dates to MIS 3, and the slotted one, to MIS 2; such points evidence an elaborate technology of ivory processing during the Late Pleistocene and Early Holocene in the high latitudes of Northeast Asia and an adaptation to the scarcity of lithic raw material in the region.
The Russian Archaeological Project in South America: Principal Findings and Prospects
Authors: Popov A. N. , Tabarev A. V.
Published: January 2024

This study outlines the findings of field and laboratory studies by the first Russian archaeological expedition to South America in 2014–2015 and 2017–2018 in collaboration with colleagues from Ecuador and Japan. The project focused on sites of the Archaic (10.8–6.6 ka BP) and Early Formative period (5.5–3.5 ka BP) in the coastal zone of Santa Elena Province, Ecuador. Excavations at Real Alto (Valdivia culture) and Loma Alto (Las Vegas culture) yielded representative archaeological, anthropological, and faunal samples and a large series of AMS dates, providing a basis for a number of novel proposals regarding the chronology and periodization of cultures, their origin, and early pottery-production in South America. Specifically, we have demonstrated that at the very beginning of the Formative period, two early ceramic traditions coexisted—Valdivia and “San Pedro”. We have demonstrated the peculiarity of the “Tropical package” in the stone toolkit, and traced the previously unknown features of the funerary rites of the Las Vegas and Valdivia cultures. Radiocarbon analysis helped to correct the chronology of the late stage of the pre-ceramic Las Vegas culture (8.0–4.8 ka BP) and to estimate the tentative date of the earliest pottery manufacture at 4.8–4.7 ka BP. In conclusion, we outline the top priorities and prospects of Russian archaeological studies on the Pacific coast of South America, underscoring the importance of international cooperation.
Chronology of Rock Art of the Russian and Mongolian Altai: From the Paleolithic to the Late Middle Ages
Authors: Molodin V. I. , Cheremisin D. V. , Nenakhova Y. N. , Batbold N.
Published: January 2024

This study attempts to elaborate a chronology of rock art in the Russian and Mongolian part of the Altai Mountains, from the Paleolithic to the Late Middle Ages. We focus on the style and themes of rock art and on petroglyphic palimpsests. The earliest representations date to the Upper Paleolithic. On certain palimpsests, images of horses in the Kalguty style are overlaid by Bronze Age petroglyphs. The key challenge is to identify Neolithic petroglyphs. Among the huge number of Bronze Age representations, some follow the traditions peculiar to the Afanasyevo and Chemurchek cultures. The key feature of the latter is so-called “Chemurchek anthropomorphs”. Bronze Age petroglyphs, representing animals, humans, weapons, wheeled vehicles, etc., are chronologically and culturally diverse and must be subdivided respectively. Early Iron Age ones require attribution to either the initial stage or to the mid-1st millennium BC. We discuss the difficulties of analyzing rock art of the Xiongnu-Sarmatian age, the expressive Turkic style, that of the early medieval rock art, and recent petroglyphs of the southern Russian Altai.
Lobed Ware in the Far East from the Neolithic to the Middle Ages
Authors: Medvedev V. E.
Published: January 2024

The study focuses on the origin and survival of the so-called lobed ware in the Far East. The term refers to vessels decorated with shallow vertical grooves, less often with deep, wide dents, either on the most convex part of the body or on the entire surface. Some vessels are covered with groups of vertical carved lines or burnished, less often painted bands imitating lobulation. Such ceramics are especially frequent at sites of the Jurchen era (7th–13th centuries) in the Amur basin. They are also found in Primorye, northeastern China, and in adjacent territories. The study of various sources shows that the lobed ware was made on the Lower Amur as early as the Neolithic (5th to late 2nd millennia BC), with the earliest samples relating to the Kondon culture. Typical lobed ceramics were also made by people of the Malyshevo and Voznesenovskoye cultures. It is hypothesized that the Jurchen-Bohai pottery, including the lobed ware, was directly influenced by Korean traditions of the first two or three quarters of the 1st millennium AD. Given the distinctness of the tradition, its reminiscences in the Amur region can be traced back to the Neolithic.
Wooden Paddles from the Nizhny Tagil Museum-Reserve of Mining and Metallurgy in the Urals
Authors: Mylnikov V. P. , Chairkina N. M. , Reinhold S.
Published: January 2024

This article describes Early Metal Age wooden paddles from the Gorbunovo peat bog, kept by the Nizhny Tagil Museum-Reserve of Mining and Metallurgy in the Urals. Their morphology and manufacturing technology are analyzed. The archaeological context and new AMS-dates are introduced. This sample of early wooden paddles is the largest and the most representative in the world. The specimens are very standardized with regard to general proportions, shape of the blade and handle, and decoration of the handle. A distinctive feature of this sample is that the handle of certain specimens is composite. A comprehensive traceological and technological analysis of the paddles has revealed several aspects of their manufacture, and xylotomy has provided information about the species of wood (pine, cedar, and spruce). On the basis of the processing traces, a tentative toolkit was reconstructed. The paddles generally fall in two categories: most are one-piece, and a few are composite. During the Early Metal Age, woodworking was probably a traditional craft in the Trans-Urals, showing a number of customary techniques.
Contents of an Early Byzantine Amphora from Kruglaya Bay, the Black Sea
Authors: Sipkina N. Y. , Bukatov A. A. , Sipkin D. I.
Published: January 2024

A fragment of an amphora found in the Kruglaya Bay near Sevastopol was filled with an unknown brown substance with a strong smell of tar. On the vessel’s neck, there is a round stamp ~30 mm in diameter, depicting the bust of an emperor encircled by an inscription. It resembles stamps on amphorae made in Alexandria and the Geronisos Island. The inscription reads, “επί Πτολεμαίου επάρχου”. The gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis revealed dehydroabietic acid, methyl dehydroabietate, norabietatrienes, retene, and other phenanthrene derivatives, suggesting that the substance resulted from dry distillation of wood of the Pinaceae family. The headspace analysis yielded components of turpentine oil such as α-pinene, camphene, limonene, cymenes, and others terpenes. To establish the sample’s origin, the amphora’s content was compared with modern pinewood tar obtained by the traditional method. Given nearly identical chromatogram profiles of the amphora’s contents and of tar in areas relating to resin acids, similar values of peak areas of biomarker components, and the presence of turpentine oil components in the sample, it is highly probable that the amphora indeed contained tar.
A Case of Surgical Treatment of Lower Molars in a Mesolithic Sample from a Cemetery on the Yuzhny Oleniy Ostrov, Karelia, Russia
Authors: Zubova A. V. , Pikhur O. L. , Moiseyev V. G. , Malyutina A. A. , Obodovskiy A. V. , Kalmina O. A.
Published: January 2024

Here, we present the earliest case of surgical treatment of mandibular permanent molars known in Northern Eurasia. It concerns an aged woman buried at a Mesolithic cemetery on the Yuzhny Oleniy Ostrov (Island) in Lake Onega, southern Karelia, 8250–8050 cal BP. Our objective was to reconstruct the technology of surgical intervention, and to diagnose and describe the underlying condition. To do this, we carried out an examination of teeth and bone tissues of the upper and lower jaws and a traceological analysis of identified lesions. As we found, in the last few months of her life, the woman underwent several dental operations, including the extraction of the lower left third molar and, in a stepwise fashion, of fragments of the distal part of crown and lingual part of the distal root of the lower right first molar. The first operation was successful—the woman survived for at least two months after it had been performed. The second operation was also successfully performed at least two months before death, likely immediately after the trauma. The mesial part of the crown was removed just before death. No ancient cases where fragments of an injured tooth were removed are known to us. The removal of the lower third molar can be compared only with the earliest previously known case, described in a sample from the Pucará de Tilcara fortress in Northern Argentina (15th–16th centuries AD). Indications for surgery partly coincide in both cases, and include complications of apical periodontitis and the development of osteomyelitis. However, the technology of surgery and its logistics are different.