bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of cocoa (Theobroma cacaoL.) on platelet function testing profiles in patients with coronary artery disease: ECLAIR pilot study
Authors: Seecheran Naveen Anand , Sukha Darin , Grimaldos Kathryn , Grimaldos Gabriella , Richard Srivane , Ishmael Aleena , Gomes Ceylon , Kampradi Lirmala , Seecheran Rajeev , Seecheran Valmiki , Peram Lakshmipathi , Dookeeram Darren , Giddings Stanley , Sandy Sherry , Ramlackhansingh Anil , Raza Sadi , Umaharan Pathmanathan , Tello-Montoliu Antonio , Schneider David
Published: September 2022

Introduction

This prospective pharmacodynamic nutraceutical study assessed the effect of a 1-week trial of 30 g/day of 65% cocoa (dark chocolate) (Theobroma cacaoL.) consumption intervention on platelet reactivity.

Methods

Patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD) (n=20) who were on maintenance dual antiplatelet therapy of aspirin (ASA) 81 mg/day and clopidogrel 75 mg/day were recruited. Platelet function was evaluated with the VerifyNow P2Y12reaction unit (PRU) and aspirin reaction unit (ARU) assays (Werfen, Bedford, Massachusetts, USA) and assessed prior to initiation of and after a 1-week trial of 30 g/day of 65% cocoa consumption intervention. Results were compared with a paired t-test.

Results

Cocoa augmented the inhibitory effect of clopidogrel, demonstrated by a reduction of 11.9% (95% CI 5.7% to 18.0%, p value 0.001), significantly decreasing the PRU by 26.85 (95% CI 12.22 to 41.48, p value 0.001). The inhibitory effect of ASA was not impacted by cocoa, reflected by a non-significant reduction in ARU of 17.65 (95% CI 21.00 to 56.3, p value 0.351). No patients experienced any serious adverse events.

Conclusions

Cocoa augmented the inhibitory effect of clopidogrel but not ASA. This nutraceutical study could be potentially informative and applicable for patients with stable CAD. Further long-term studies are required to confirm these exploratory findings.

Trial registration number

NCT04554901.
Numerical solution of unperturbed and general perturbed Newell–Whitehead–Segel equation by the local discontinuous Galerkin method
Authors: Ray S. Saha , Chand Abhilash
Published: September 2022

This paper investigates numerical solutions for the unperturbed and general perturbed Newell–Whitehead–Segel-type equations with the help of the local discontinuous Galerkin method. The stability analysis and error estimations of the proposed local discontinuous Galerkin algorithm are extensively examined. First, the spatial variables are discretized to provide a semidiscrete method of lines scheme. This generates an ordinary differential equation system in the temporal variable, which is subsequently solved using the total variation diminishing Runge–Kutta method of higher order. The generated numerical results are compared to the exact results and a few other existing numerical methods via various tables and figures to illustrate the efficiency and accuracy of the proposed method. The numerical results show that the proposed method is an effective numerical scheme for solving the Newell–Whitehead–Segel equation since the solutions obtained using the local discontinuous Galerkin method are highly close to the exact solutions with significantly less error.
Phase-shift of cellular coupling induces the anti-phase synchronization between the left and right suprachiasmatic nucleus
Authors: Gu Changgui , Zhang Yang , Zheng Wenxin , Wang Haiying , Yang Huijie , Wang Man
Published: September 2022

Exposed to the constant light, the master clock located in the bilaterally paired suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) above the optic chiasma exhibits three rhythmic behaviors in hamsters. Some hamsters remain or lose circadian rhythms due to synchronization or desynchronization between the SCN neurons, respectively. Interestingly, the other hamsters show a phenomenon called “split”, in which the left SCN and right SCN oscillate with a stable anti-phase. In this paper, a modified Kuramoto model is built to explain these three rhythmic behaviors, where the phase-shift of cellular coupling is taken into account. Three cases of phase-shifts are considered, including that first case exists in all the SCN neurons, second case exists between the left and right SCN, and the last case exists within each group. We found that the phase-shift is able to induce the anti-phase synchronization between the left SCN and right SCN in the former two cases, but eliminate this anti-phase synchronization in the latter case. Our findings provide an alternative explanation for the emergency of the split and shed light on the collective behaviors of the SCN neurons.
Analyzing roadway work zone effects on vehicular flow in a freeway ring
Authors: Huang Zhongmin , Smirnova M. N. , Bi Jiarui , Smirnov N. N. , Zhu Zuojin
Published: September 2022

Roadway work zone forms as a result of traffic accidents or road maintenance. In this paper, to analyze roadway work zone effects on vehicular flow in a freeway ring, a macroscopic multi-lane traffic model is proposed, the model describes the mandatory net lane-changing rate just upstream the roadway work zone with a random number model based on golden section analysis, and the net-changing rate in normal road segment with a lane-changing time model. Assuming that the free flow speeds on lanes I–III are 120, 100 and 90[Formula: see text]km/h, respectively, with a numerical method of third-order accuracy, the model equations are solved numerically to simulate vehicular flows in a three-lane freeway ring with a roadway work zone with a total length of 160[Formula: see text]m and lane III completely banned. Numerical results show that the roadway work zone generates traffic shock when initial density normalized by jam density is around 0.18. While the ramp flows have little effect on mean travel time through the freeway ring road with a total length of 100[Formula: see text]km, but can cause observable deviation of the root mean square value of travel time.
Fractional delay integrodifferential equations of nonsingular kernels: Existence, uniqueness, and numerical solutions using Galerkin algorithm based on shifted Legendre polynomials
Authors: Sweis Hind , Arqub Omar Abu , Shawagfeh Nabil
Published: September 2022

This paper considers linear and nonlinear fractional delay Volterra integrodifferential equation of order [Formula: see text] in the Atangana–Beleanu–Caputo (ABC) sense. We used continuous Laplace transform (CLT) to find equivalent Volterra integral equations that have been used together with the Arzela–Ascoli theorem and Schauder’s fixed point theorem to prove the local existence solution. Moreover, the obtained Volterra integral equations and the contraction mapping theorem have been successfully applied to construct and prove the global existence and uniqueness of the solution for the considered fractional delay integrodifferential equation (FDIDE). The Galerkin algorithm instituted within shifted Legendre polynomials (SLPs) is applied in the approximation procedure for the corresponding delay equation. Indeed, by this algorithm, we get algebraic system models and by solving this system we gained the approximated nodal solution. The reliability of the method and reduction in the size of the computational work give the algorithm wider applicability. Linear and nonlinear examples are included with some tables and figures to show the effectiveness of the method in comparison with the exact solutions. Finally, some valuable notes and details extracted from the presented results were presented in the last part, with the sign to some of our future works.
ELECTRICITY MARKET LIBERALIZATION AND EFFICIENCY: EVIDENCE FROM SINGAPORE
Authors: FENG QU , ZHOU SHIHAO
Published: September 2022

Since 1995 Singapore has launched a series of reforms to liberalize its electricity market. More participants are introduced both in the power generation side as well as wholesale and retail markets to facilitate competition and promote efficiency. This paper aims to examine the efficiency of Singapore’s electricity market by detecting exceptionally high electricity prices as outliers. In particular, we first propose a dynamic regression model that accounts for market demand and supply, production cost, as well as time effects. Based on the regression, an upper bound is then constructed for the identification of outliers. Using a unique data set from 2003 to 2019, we find fewer outliers over time, indicating that Singapore’s electricity market becomes more efficient in recent years. We obtain consistent results by incorporating alternative model specifications such as hybrid model and Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO). The results are also robust to different subsamples and data frequencies. In addition, a more comprehensive set of criterions for model selection is also proposed in this paper.
New gauge boson Z′ and the rare decay H→μ+μ−γ in the minimal U(1)Lμ−Lτ model
Authors: Zhang Na-Qian , Yue Chong-Xing , Cheng Xue-Jia , Li Yan-Yu
Published: September 2022

The rare decay [Formula: see text] is an interesting and characteristic process, which is starting to become experimentally accessible at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) and the upcoming high-luminosity LHC. In this note, we consider the resonant contributions of the new gauge boson [Formula: see text] to the rare decay [Formula: see text] in the framework of the minimal [Formula: see text] model. Its differential decay rate and decay width are calculated. Our numerical results show that the new gauge boson [Formula: see text] can generate smaller contributions to this decay process.
OpenFOAM for computational hydrodynamics using finite volume method
Authors: Muhammad Noor , Alharbi Khalid Abdulkhaliq M.
Published: September 2022

Partial differential equations may explain anything from planetary movement to tectonic plate, yet it is notoriously difficult to resolve them. Turbulence is present in nearly all fluid flows, and pure laminar flow is extremely unusual in practice. The Large Eddy Simulation (LES) computational model is employed for the simulation of turbulence flow on a spillway having four inlets with a single outlet. Such flows are observed at hydroelectric power dams all over the world. The fluctuated flows produced a large amount of energy in terms of electricity that costs a very low amount compared to the energy obtained in tidal power sectors. In the production of hydropower energy, the flow simulation is of great interest. This paper focuses on the study of turbulence kinetic energy with the help of a LES model. The spillway considered in this paper contains four inlets and a single outlet. The four inlets will allow more flow which will insert more pressure nearer the outlet. The kinetic energy is computed at the inlets and outlet in the turbulent flow. The fluctuated velocity along with the mean velocity at the inlets and outlet is also computed along with the pressure. The C++-based programming is made, which is simulated in Open-source Field Operation and Manipulation (OpenFOAM). The graphs are presented for a better understanding of readers.
A Novel Training Quantitative Evaluation Method Based on Virtual Reality
Authors: Jia Baotong , Wu Xiaoli , Zhao Chunmei
Published: September 2022

Quantitative training virtualization can be applied in the fields of human–computer interaction, virtual reality and motion analysis, and has attracted much attention. Based on the virtual reality theory, this paper constructs a training quantitative evaluation method, evaluates the trainer’s ergonomics, and finally compares the evaluation method with the simulation results. According to the collected training data, this paper uses the methods of model reuse and feature parameter adjustment in the Jack software to quickly generate a 3D training model with the required percentages, and performs data reorganization and analysis on the captured training data, which solves the problem of training quantitative evaluation and the problem of uncertainty of results. During the simulation process, according to its reorganized data, a large number of comparative experiments and evaluations were performed on the performance of the model proposed in this paper on multiple indicators of multiple public data sets. The experimental results show that the cycle is reduced by 10 times, the mini-batch is 32, and the sequence length is 16. In this way, the spatial characteristics of the channel coupling relationship can be better analyzed, and the effect of spatial cognitive training can be effectively evaluated. The training pose and shape estimation model and the corresponding data set and multiple indicators have reached the performance of the existing state-of-the-art models. The integrated model of accurate training pose and shape sequence in the camera coordinate system can be reconstructed, which effectively enhances the effectiveness of the virtual scene parameter adjustment strategy.
Research on Regional Basic Education Quality Assessment Based on Deep Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Liu Taotang , Zhao Jie , Li Shuping
Published: September 2022

At present, the informatization of basic education quality assessment has become a hot topic in the field of education and is playing an increasingly important role. Based on the theory of deep convolutional neural network, this paper adopts the methods of mathematical analysis and experimental research to construct a regional basic education quality assessment model. The model solves the data informatization problem of education quality assessment. In the simulation process, two key modules of data self-assessment and expert assessment of the deep convolutional neural network are realized by ASENET+SQL SERVER, and the assessment results are integrated by using the weighted average method and the fuzzy comprehensive assessment method. The experimental results show that the quantitative analysis of the quality assessment is carried out by using the logic and support relationship, and the results of comprehensive qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis are realized and segmented when the threshold level is 9, the MIOU obtains the highest value of 0.7501, and the MIOU of the multi-stage method of the quality evaluation model proposed in this paper is 0.8116, which is 6.15% points higher than the traditional multi-stage algorithm, which effectively improves the current stage area quality of basic education.
A New Technique Based on AMID Using Adaptive Thresholding for Ultrasound Speckle Reduction
Authors: Gupta Bhawna , Khandelwal Vineet
Published: September 2022

A new technique based on adaptive multi-resolution image decomposition (AMID) using adaptive thresholding for ultrasound speckle reduction has been proposed in this paper. The noisy image is first filtered to reduce large multiplicative noise. The image is then log-transformed before decomposing it to its approximation and detailed coefficients using AMID algorithm. The approximation coefficients are appropriately filtered while adaptive thresholding is applied to the detail coefficients. The image is reconstructed back from all the modified coefficients to obtain the denoised image. This method combining adaptive decomposition with adaptive thresholding makes it adaptive to both signal and noise components, thereby retaining the edge details in the denoised image effectively. The proposed technique performance is tested on synthetic as well as real ultrasound images with the noise of different variances. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm gives better performance than the other state-of-the-art methods in terms of edge keeping index (EKI), correlation coefficient (CC), figure of merit (FOM), peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR), structural similarity (SSIM) and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for synthetic images. The algorithm gives better performance in terms of equivalent number of looks (ENL) and mean-to-variance ratio (MVR) for real ultrasound images.
Low Power Static Random-Access Memory Cell Design for Mobile Opportunistic Networks Sensor Nodes
Authors: Sachdeva Ashish
Published: September 2022

In the present scenario, the devices supporting neighbor discovery are going through the renovation phase, and crossing the classical barrier such as the trade-off between power dissipation and access time. The presence of opportunistic nodes in place of static nodes has presented multiple challenges for such devices. Therefore, the focus of neighbor discovery has mostly shifted toward such issues where power dissipation and latency of mobile nodes need to be simultaneously improved to achieve uninterrupted and quality communication. Since static random-access memory (SRAM) is an integral part of all such sensor nodes and directly impacts power dissipation and latency, therefore in this paper, we have introduced a novel SRAM cell for such nodes. The proposed eleven transistors (11T) SRAM cell is compared with six recently reported designs to check the improvement of SRAM key design parameters. The compared designs include Standard 6T (S6T), tunable 8T(TU8T), PPN-based 10T (PN10T), Schmitt trigger-based 10T (S10T), bit-line-dependent 11T (DP11T) bit-cell and stable low power 11T (SP11T). The improvement in write ability and read stability of proposed 11T cell is represented by [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] enhancement of write and read static margins, respectively, in comparison to S6T/TU8T/PN10T/S10T/DP11T/SP11T. Further, the leakage power dissipation is reduced by [Formula: see text] as compared to S6T/TU8T/S10T/PN10T/DP 11T/SP11T. Additionally, power dissipation and delay of proposed 11T cell during read operation is reduced by [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], respectively, as compared to S6T/TU8T/PN10T/S10T/DP11T/SP11T. It is worth mentioning here that the proposed 11T also shows narrower variability in power dissipation and current values during read operation comparing S6T. The proposed 11T design successfully mitigates the half-select issue and allows the SRAM array to attain the bit-interleaved architecture implementation.
Reducible surgery in lens spaces and seiferters
Authors: Gainullin Fyodor
Published: September 2022

The Cabling Conjecture states that surgery on hyperbolic knots in [Formula: see text] never produces reducible manifolds. In contrast, there do exist hyperbolic knots in some lens spaces with non-prime surgeries. Baker constructed a family of such hyperbolic knots and posed a conjecture that his examples encompass all hyperbolic knots in lens spaces with non-prime surgeries. Using the idea of seiferters we construct a counterexample to this conjecture. In the process of construction, we also derive an obstruction for a small Seifert fibered space to be obtainable by a surgery with a seiferter.
Derivatives of Jones polynomials detect delta moves in virtual knots
Authors: Furlow Victoria , Ganzell Sandy , Robinson Madison
Published: September 2022

For classical knots, [Formula: see text]-moves and crossing changes can both unknot any knot. But many virtual knots cannot be unknotted with these moves. Moreover, there are many virtual knots that can be unknotted by crossing changes but cannot be unknotted by [Formula: see text]-moves. We show that the derivatives of the Jones polynomial can detect whether a virtual knot can be unknotted by [Formula: see text]-moves.
Predictive power of theoretical models in cluster radioactivity
Authors: Nagaraja A. M. , Munirathnam R. , Manjunatha H. C. , Sowmya N. , Sridhar K. N. , Seenappa L. , Raj S. Alfred Cecil
Published: September 2022

Many microscopic and macroscopic models are available in the literature to study the cluster radioactivity. The investigation of appropriate theoretical model to study the cluster decay process is an important aspect. We studied cluster-decay in the atomic and mass number range [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] using modified generalized liquid drop model (MGLDM), Coulomb and proximity potential model (CPPM) and generalized liquid drop model (GLDM). The results obtained using macroscopic models are compared with that of microscopic models. There are various mass excess tables available in the literature. But indentification of suitable mass excess table for cluster radioactivity is an also important part of this study. The macroscopic models, such as MGLDM, CPPM and GLDM, were used to analyze cluster-decay half-lives. Along with this, microscopic and semi-empirical relations were also investigated. The standard deviation is evaluated in macroscopic, microscopic and semi-empirical formulae. A detailed investigation shows that among macroscopic model-MGLDM, macroscopic-RMFM and in case of semi-empirical formulae, AZF produces less deviation. Hence, these results give an insight into prediction of cluster decay half-lives in heavy and superheavy region for unknown nuclei.
EFFECTS OF VACCINATION ON THE TRANSMISSION DYNAMICS OF COVID-19 IN DOUGHERTY COUNTY OF GEORGIA, USA
Authors: PANTHA BUDDHI , MOHAMMED-AWEL JEMAL , VAIDYA NAVEEN K.
Published: September 2022

Despite the significant progress in the development of vaccines, the COVID-19 pandemic still poses difficulty for its control because of many obstacles such as the proper implementation of vaccination, public hesitancy towards vaccines, dropping out from the second dose, and varying level of protection after the first and the second doses. In this study, we develop a novel mathematical model of COVID-19 transmission, including two separate vaccinated compartments (first dose and both doses). We parametrize and validate our model using data from Dougherty county of Georgia, USA, one of the most affected counties, where the transmission trend clearly is associated with various policies and public events. We analyze our model for stability of equilibria and persistence of the disease, and formulate expression for reproduction numbers. We estimate that the basic reproduction number in Dougherty county is 1.69, and the effective reproduction number during the study period ranges from 0.26 to 6.36. The number of daily undiagnosed cases peaked at 310 per day, resulting in the maximum number of active infectious individuals to be 2471. Our model predicts that in a high transmission scenario, the vaccination strategies should be combined with other non-pharmaceutical prevention strategies to ensure transmission control. Moreover, our results emphasize that completing both doses of vaccines on time is critical to achieve maximum benefits from the vaccination programs.
SYNTHESIS OF GO-PEDOT:PSS NANOCOMPOSITES AND STUDY OF THEIR ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES FOR NO2 GAS SENSOR APPLICATION
Authors: KADHIM MOHAMMED JAWAD , HADI NOOR RAED , MOHAMMED SAFA H. , MOHAMMED MUSTAFA K. A.
Published: September 2022

In this study, GO and GO-PEDOT:PSS nanocomposite films were prepared by using the modified Hummer method and spin-coating, respectively. GO-PEDOT:PSS films with different weight ratios of GO (0.015, 0.03, 0.045 and 0.06) were prepared to study the effect of the GO additive on nitrogen dioxide (NO2) sensing performance. XRD and AFM were used to determine the crystal structure and the topography of the GO-PEDOT:PSS films. The effects of GO concentration and temperature on electrical conductivity and the change in activation energy of PEDOT:PSS films were also investigated. The findings show that as the temperature rises, the electrical resistance reduces, and as the concentration increases, the activation energy decreases.
Co-Rotational Formulations for Geometrically Nonlinear Analysis of Beam-Columns Including Warping and Wagner Effects
Authors: Chen Liang , Liu Si-Wei , Bai Rui , Chan Siu-Lai
Published: September 2022

The warping effects may predominate in geometrically nonlinear analysis of open cross-section members. The formulation of conventional beam-column elements incorporating the warping effects is cumbersome due to the method considering the inconsistency between the shear center and centroid. To develop a concise warping element formulation, this paper presents a transformation matrix to integrate the inconsistent effects into the element stiffness matrix. The co-rotational (CR) method used to establish the element equilibrium conditions in the geometrically nonlinear analysis is adopted to simplify the element formulation and improve the efficiency of nonlinear analysis. A new beam-column element explicitly considering the warping deformation and the Wagner effects is derived based on the CR method and the Euler–Bernoulli beam theory. A detailed kinematic description is provided for considering large deflections and rigid body motions. Based on the mechanical characteristic, the coordinate and the rigid body motion transformation matrices are given. The secant relationship is developed to evaluate the element internal forces accurately and effectively in each iteration. Several verification examples are provided to validate the proposed method’s reliability and robustness. The verifications demonstrate that the proposed element leads to considerable computational advantages. The results of this paper are useful for future upgrading of frame analysis software with warping degrees-of-freedom (DOFs).
A Novel Acceleration-Based Approach for Monitoring the Long-Term Displacement of Bridge Cables
Authors: Zhang Han , Mao Jianxiao , Wang Hao , Zhu Xiaojie , Zhang Yiming , Gao Hui , Ni Youhao , Hai Zong
Published: September 2022

The cables of the long-span bridge are usually featured as ultra-low frequency, hence making the acceleration unable to accurately capture the information, e.g. damping ratios, for assessing the cable state assessment and mitigating the excessive structural vibration. The displacement was approved to be more sensitive to the low-frequency vibration than the acceleration. However, there is still a lack of effective method to accurately monitor the long-term displacements of bridge cables using reference-free methods. To address this issue, this paper develops a novel acceleration-based approach for monitoring the long-term displacements of the cables of long-span bridges. In the monitoring scheme, recursive least squares method is utilized to conduct baseline correction in the time domain integration of acceleration. An adaptive band-pass filtering method considering cable vibration characteristics is used to eliminate noise, thus avoiding the difficulty of selecting the cut-off frequency by experience in traditional methods. A numerical test of an analytical cable model and a field experiment of the hanger of a full-scale suspension bridge are applied to the applicability and robustness of the developed method. Result shows that adaptive band-pass filter considering the vibration characteristics is suitable for estimating the displacements of the cables. The estimated displacements using the developed method agree well with the background truth in both time and frequency domains.
Bridge Frequency Identification Using Multiple Sensor Responses of an Ordinary Vehicle
Authors: Lan Yifu , Lin Weiwei , Zhang Youqi
Published: September 2022

This paper presents a novel strategy for indirectly identifying the natural frequency of a bridge via multiple sensors on an ordinary vehicle. It does not require specifically designed cars or multiple cars as the excitation sources, as many earlier studies have used, but only one normal vehicle, providing practicability. A signal processing method incorporating cross-spectrum estimation can extract the bridge frequency among complex and varied frequency components in the vehicle spectrogram. The bridge natural frequency as a common vibration component among different sensor responses is identified as a clear peak that occurs in the cross-spectrum. The methodology is validated by an experimental study using a steel beam and a scale truck model with an engine to construct the vehicle–bridge interaction system. With this approach, the first mode frequency of the bridge is successfully identified under various bridge conditions. In addition, the performance of the proposed strategy in bridges with and without road roughness is discussed, and the influence of vehicle weight on the success rates of frequency identification is also confirmed.
Methodology for Simulation of Combined EPS and TS Wind Field and Its Influence on the Dynamic Response of a Transmission Line Segment
Authors: da Silva Natalia Pinheiro , Miguel Letícia Fleck Fadel
Published: September 2022

So far, wind loads on structures are almost exclusively evaluated by Extended Pressure Systems (EPS) cyclone models according to design codes. However, there is evidence that downburst wind fields, originating from thunderstorms (TSs) events, may have caused or contributed to the collapse of transmission line towers around the world. In this context, this work proposes a complete methodology to simulate a wind field from combined EPS (synoptic) and TS (nonsynoptic) storms. The proposed combined wind field model is applied to a real transmission line segment and the results are compared with those of the system subjected to the equivalent static loading method proposed in the IEC 60826/2003 code. The finite central differences explicit method is adopted for dynamic integration, taking into account nonlinearities. The assessment confirmed the localized and transient nature of the TS phenomenon. The results indicated that, for most of the elements analyzed, the equivalent static method for synoptic winds of IEC 60826/2003 resulted in a lower response than that obtained through the proposed combined model, which considers a TS carried by an EPS background wind. Thus, the proposed method to combine synoptic and nonsynoptic wind fields might be a useful tool to assist in the design of structures, such as transmission lines, which are susceptible to the effects of combined EPS and TS wind fields.
Influence of Isolator Properties and Earthquake Characteristics on the Seismic Behavior of RC Structure Equipped with Quintuple Friction Pendulum Bearings
Authors: Habib Ahed , Yildirim Umut
Published: September 2022

Indeed, base isolation systems have gained significant attention from researchers and designers over the last few decades. Within this context, various technologies were developed to improve the performance of structures under strong earthquake shaking intensities. Recently, a new generation of multi-stage friction pendulum (FP) bearings known as “Quintuple Friction Pendulum” (QFP) was introduced to the literature to attain high energy dissipation capability. The main advantages of this bearing come from its ability to achieve complex multi-stage adaptive behavior with smoothed loading and unloading when subjected to lateral forces owing to its five effective pendula and nine operation regimes. On the other hand, investigations that studied the influence of the bearing properties and the impact of various ground motion characteristics on the performance and behavior of this isolation system are scarce. Thus, this research aims to conduct a parametric assessment that highlights and quantifies the effect of the various isolator properties and earthquake characteristics on the behavior of the base-isolated structure. As a part of the study, finite element models considering the nonlinearity of the isolation system and the superstructure will be developed in OpenSees. Generally, the study results have shown that the behavior of the isolator is significantly influenced by its properties and the type of earthquake being applied.
Generalization of Jordan-Lie inner ideals of finite dimensional associative algebras
Authors: Shlaka Hasan M. S.
Published: September 2022

We generalize Baranov and Shlaka’s results about bar-minimal Jordan-Lie and regular inner ideals of finite dimensional associative algebras. Let [Formula: see text] be a finite dimensional [Formula: see text]-perfect associative algebras [Formula: see text] over an algebraically closed field [Formula: see text] of arbitrary characteristic [Formula: see text] and let [Formula: see text] be a subalgebra of [Formula: see text]. We prove that for any bar-minimal Jordan-Lie inner ideal [Formula: see text] a [Formula: see text], there is a bar-minimal Jordan-Lie inner ideal of [Formula: see text] that contains [Formula: see text] and if [Formula: see text] is regular, then is a regular inner ideal of [Formula: see text] that contains [Formula: see text]. We also prove that for any strict orthogonal pair [Formula: see text] in [Formula: see text], there is a strict orthogonal idempotent pair [Formula: see text] in [Formula: see text] such that [Formula: see text].
Dyck path categories and its relationships with cluster algebras
Authors: Cañadas Agustín Moreno , Rios Gabriel Bravo
Published: September 2022

Dyck path categories are introduced as a combinatorial model of the category of representations of quivers of Dynkin-type [Formula: see text]. In particular, it is proved that there is a bijection between some Dyck paths and perfect matchings of some snake graphs. The approach allows us to give formulas for cluster variables in cluster algebras of Dynkin-type [Formula: see text] in terms of Dyck paths.
Estimating Returns to Scale of Two-Stage Network Technologies Using Total Scale Elasticity by Considering the Intermediate Output
Authors: Ahangary Tayebe , Malkhalifeh Mohsen Rostamy , Lotfi Farhad Hosseinzadeh
Published: September 2022

The structure of production technology has been made of a few stages. Therefore, it generates an intermediate output, which is important to estimate the quantitative and qualitative returns to scale and for managers to make decisions. Estimates of scale elasticity have long been considered in two-stage technologies, many researchers have suggested methods to estimate it, but they were not investigated from the base, and the intermediate output was also ignored. There were no strong relationships between the total scale elasticity and the scale elasticity of both stages. The proposed method can estimate the scale elasticity from the base and from the production transfer function, which in turn has a stronger basic structure compared to previously proposed methods. It is much simpler and easier to be understood than previous methods. The scale elasticity of the entire network can be estimated by multiplying the scale elasticity of both stages. By expressing the parametric and nonparametric approaches of two-stage network scale elasticity, the ratio of the final output to primary input changes can be obtained according to the change of the intermediate output compared to primary input as well as the final output to intermediate input. Finally, the superiority of the proposed method is illustrated by practical examples.
Bi-level optimization-based projective non-negative matrix factorization
Authors: Chen Wen-Sheng , Lian Zixin , Pan Binbin , Chen Bo
Published: September 2022

Non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) is a powerful tool for image data analysis and has been utilized in a range of applications involving data classification, clustering, and image processing. Nevertheless, NMF and most of its variants are unsupervised learning algorithms and do not take account of the projection property of the basis image matrix. These flaws will have a negative impact on their classification performance. To resolve the mentioned drawbacks of NMF-based methods, this paper establishes a novel projective non-negative matrix factorization (PNMF) framework using the class-label information and deals with the model via a bi-level quadratic optimization (BLO) strategy. The convergence of the proposed BLO-PNMF algorithm is theoretically analyzed and proved in detail, and also verified by experiments. Our approach and the related state-of-the-art methods are evaluated and compared on three face databases. The experimental results indicate that the BLO-PNMF method can extract more localized features for image data representation and achieve superior performance in face recognition.
Jensen polynomials for holomorphic functions
Authors: Griffin Michael , South Daniel
Published: September 2022

Recent work of Griffin, Ono, Rolen, and Zagier shows that the Jensen polynomials for the Riemann xi function converge to the Hermite polynomials under a suitable normalization. We generalize this result, proving that the normalized Jensen polynomials for a large class of genus zero or one entire functions converge either to the Hermite polynomials, or to a class of polynomials which can be written as a confluent hypergeometric function.
Conjugacy classes and rational period functions for the Hecke groups
Authors: Ressler Wendell
Published: September 2022

In this paper, we establish a one-to-one correspondence between conjugacy classes of any Hecke group and irreducible systems of poles of rational period functions for automorphic integrals on the same group. We use this correspondence to construct irreducible systems of poles and to count poles. We characterize Hecke-conjugation and Hecke-symmetry for poles of rational period functions in terms of the transpose of matrices in conjugacy classes. We construct new rational period functions and families of rational period functions.
On central L-values and the growth of the 3-part of the Tate–Shafarevich group
Authors: Kezuka Yukako
Published: September 2022

Given any cube-free integer [Formula: see text], we study the [Formula: see text]-adic valuation of the algebraic part of the central [Formula: see text]-value of the elliptic curve [Formula: see text] We give a lower bound in terms of the number of distinct prime factors of [Formula: see text], which, in the case [Formula: see text] divides [Formula: see text], also depends on the power of [Formula: see text] in [Formula: see text]. This extends an earlier result of the author in which it was assumed that [Formula: see text] is coprime to [Formula: see text]. We also study the [Formula: see text]-part of the Tate–Shafarevich group for these curves and show that the lower bound is as expected from the conjecture of Birch and Swinnerton-Dyer, taking into account also the growth of the Tate–Shafarevich group.
Points on x4 + y4 + z4 = 0 over algebraic extensions of ℚ(i)
Authors: Tho Nguyen Xuan
Published: September 2022

It is shown that the twisted Fermat quartic [Formula: see text] has no points over any odd degree extensions of [Formula: see text]. All points over quadratic extensions of [Formula: see text] are found.
Product of three primes in large arithmetic progressions
Authors: Balasubramanian Ramachandran , Ramaré Olivier , Srivastav Priyamvad
Published: September 2022

For any [Formula: see text], there exists [Formula: see text] such for any [Formula: see text] and any invertible residue class [Formula: see text] modulo [Formula: see text], there exists a natural number that is congruent to [Formula: see text] modulo [Formula: see text] and that is the product of exactly three primes, all of which are below [Formula: see text]. If we restrict our attention to odd moduli [Formula: see text] that do not have prime factors congruent to 1 mod 4, we can find such primes below [Formula: see text]. If we further restrict our set of moduli to prime [Formula: see text] that are such that [Formula: see text], we can find such primes below [Formula: see text]. Finally, for any [Formula: see text], there exists [Formula: see text] such that when [Formula: see text], there exists a natural number that is congruent to [Formula: see text] modulo [Formula: see text] and that is the product of exactly four primes, all of which are below [Formula: see text].
Neighborly partitions and the numerators of Rogers–Ramanujan identities
Authors: Mohsen Zahraa , Mourtada Hussein
Published: September 2022

We prove two partition identities which are dual to the Rogers–Ramanujan identities. These identities are inspired by (and proved using) a correspondence between three kinds of objects: a new type of partitions (neighborly partitions), monomial ideals and some infinite graphs.
Bolytrope orders
Authors: El Maazouz Yassine , Nebe Gabriele , Stanojkovski Mima
Published: September 2022

Bolytropes are bounded subsets of an affine building that consist of all points that have distance at most [Formula: see text] from some polytrope. We prove that the points of a bolytrope describe the set of all invariant lattices of a bolytrope order, generalizing the correspondence between polytropes and graduated orders.
On some estimates involving Fourier coefficients of Maass cusp forms
Authors: Sun Qingfeng , Wang Hui
Published: September 2022

Let [Formula: see text] be a Hecke–Maass cusp form for [Formula: see text] with Laplace eigenvalue [Formula: see text] and let [Formula: see text] be its [Formula: see text]th normalized Fourier coefficient. It is proved that, uniformly in [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] where the implied constant depends only on [Formula: see text]. We also consider the summation function of [Formula: see text] and under the Ramanujan conjecture we are able to prove [Formula: see text] with the implied constant depending only on [Formula: see text].
Development Paths for China’s Transport Sector under the Carbon Neutrality Goal
Authors: OU Xunmin , YUAN Zhiyi
Published: September 2022

The greenhouse gas emissions from China’s transport sector, which account for a large proportion of China’s total greenhouse gas emissions, are still increasing rapidly. Therefore, low-carbon transformation is urgently needed in China’s transport sector. This paper provides an overview of the situation and features of greenhouse gas emissions from China’s transport sector, and proposes carbon-neutral development paths for the transport sector based on current national policies, goals and previous research. China needs to work on many aspects, including transport restructuring, alternative fuel technologies and energy efficiency improvement, to achieve near-zero emission goals by 2060. Under the carbon neutrality goal, China’s transport sector should strive to reach the carbon peaking goal by 2030, and limit carbon emissions within 100 million tons by 2060.
A modified phase-field model for predicting mixed-mode fracture in rock-like materials
Authors: Cheng Zifeng , Dias-da-Costa Daniel , Gan Yixiang , Shen Luming
Published: September 2022

A phase-field model can continuously smear sharp cracks into diffusive zones with finite width in which the critical energy release rate is commonly determined as constant. However, such an assumption may be insufficient in the case of rock-like materials since the energy release rate can be different for modes I and II cracks. If not accounted for, this could compromise the accuracy of the correct propagation of both wing and secondary cracks. This study proposes an extended, modified phase-field model for simulating a series of Brazilian discs made of a three-dimensional (3D)-printed rock-like material through a time-independent plane strain model. The phase-field model accounts for the splitting of different energy release rates for modes I and II to capture the complex fracture behavior. The novelty of this study lies in not only the theoretical development of the distinction of surface energy release rates but also the qualitative and quantitative assessment of mixed-mode fracture behaviors, which guarantees good predictive capabilities for the location of crack initiation and the direction of crack propagation in various practical applications. Moreover, the modified phase-field model can be implemented easily and fast without introducing new parameters. The numerical results are first validated against experimental data. The impact of the modified energy release rate on crack propagation, particularly on wing cracks, is then numerically investigated. The results show that wing cracks become more dominated by tensile stresses with a decrease in the ratio of modes I and II energy release rates. The phase-field simulations with the modified energy release rate proposed here can reproduce the experimental results both qualitatively and quantitatively with respect to crack propagation patterns, peak loads, crack coalescence loads and coalescence type.
The “New Welfarism,” Good Governance, and Electoral Success in Modi’s India
Authors: SHARMA SHALENDRA , KANOJIA ANJALI
Published: September 2022

According to a number of recent reports, India has been successful in reducing multidimensional poverty levels over the past two decades. This trend is evident under the Modi Era due to successful introduction and implementation of various welfare reforms since 2014. Robust economic growth has been a necessary but insufficient condition to explain this observed phenomenon. Rather, over two decades of structural changes and the shifting calculus of electoral politics have transformed the nature of principal-agent relations in Indian democracy. Political elites are now proactively addressing the principals’ concerns on “good governance.” Access to information and greater public awareness of the availability of services seem to have contributed to holding the principal accountable and thereby rewarding the principal during election(s). The shifting of voters’ demand for good governance (a) underscores the erosion of electoral salience of traditional cleavages with voters’ concerns centering on economic issues—growth, delivery of services, and job creation; and (b) provides insights into the quotidian ways in which the state has responded to the demand of those governed—the principal.
Optimal Bound on the Combinatorial Complexity of Approximating Polytopes
Authors: Arya Rahul , Arya Sunil , da Fonseca Guilherme D. , Mount David
Published: September 2022

This article considers the question of how to succinctly approximate a multidimensional convex body by a polytope. Given a convex body
K
of unit diameter in Euclidean
d
-dimensional space (where
d
is a constant) and an error parameter ε > 0, the objective is to determine a convex polytope of low combinatorial complexity whose Hausdorff distance from
K
is at most ε. By
combinatorial complexity
, we mean the total number of faces of all dimensions. Classical constructions by Dudley and Bronshteyn/Ivanov show that
O
(1/ε

(
d
-1)/2

) facets or vertices are possible, respectively, but neither achieves both bounds simultaneously. In this article, we show that it is possible to construct a polytope with
O
(1/ε

(
d
-1)/2

) combinatorial complexity, which is optimal in the worst case.

Our result is based on a new relationship between ε-width caps of a convex body and its polar body. Using this relationship, we are able to obtain a volume-sensitive bound on the number of approximating caps that are “essentially different.” We achieve our main result by combining this with a variant of the witness-collector method and a novel variable-thickness layered construction of the economical cap covering.
Specialized Pro-Resolving Mediators as Resolution Pharmacology for the Control of Pain and Itch
Authors: Ji Ru-Rong
Published: September 2022

Specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs), including resolvins, protectins, and maresins, are endogenous lipid mediators that are synthesized from omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids during the acute phase or resolution phase of inflammation. Synthetic SPMs possess broad safety profiles and exhibit potent actions in resolving inflammation in preclinical models. Accumulating evidence in the past decade has demonstrated powerful analgesia of exogenous SPMs in rodent models of inflammatory, neuropathic, and cancer pain. Furthermore, endogenous SPMs are produced by sham surgery and neuromodulation (e.g., vagus nerve stimulation). SPMs produce their beneficial actions through multiple G protein–coupled receptors, expressed by immune cells, glial cells, and neurons. Notably, loss of SPM receptors impairs the resolution of pain. I also highlight the emerging role of SPMs in the control of itch. Pharmacological targeting of SPMs or SPM receptors has the potential to lead to novel therapeutics for pain and itch as emerging approaches in resolution pharmacology.