bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Inferior Vena Cava/Abdominal Aorta Ratio as a Guide for Fluid Resuscitation
Authors: Kusumastuti Neurinda Permata , Latief Abdul , Pudjiadi Antonius Hocky
Published: November 2022

Introduction:

The fluid therapy is crucial in the treatment of critically ill children. Inadequate or excessive fluid resuscitation leads to increased mortality and morbidity, thus necessitating an accurate parameter for predicting fluid responsiveness when conducting fluid resuscitation. The inferior vena cava/abdominal aorta (IVC/Ao) ratio is suggested as a good guide for fluid resuscitation. However, the cutoff value for predicting fluid responsiveness in children has not been established. Is IVC/Ao ratio can be used to predict fluid responsiveness?

Methods:

The objective was to determine the accuracy and a cutoff value of IVC/Ao in predicting fluid responsiveness. A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted in the emergency room and the pediatric intensive care unit of the tertiary hospital from March to August 2017. We consecutively enrolled all critically ill children aged 1 month to 18 years' old who were hemodynamically unstable (shock). Measurements of IVC/Ao with ultrasound and stroke volume with ultrasound cardiac output monitor were obtained before and after fluid challenge.

Results:

Of 167 subjects enrolled in this study, only 58 subjects were included, most of whom were male (58.6%) and ranging in age from 1 to 11 months (32.8%). The mean IVC/Ao ratio before the fluid challenge in the fluid responsive group was 0.70 ± 0.053. The best cutoff of the IVC/Ao ratio is 0.675 with area under the curve 70.8% (95% confidence interval of 54.6%–87%), 75.7% sensitivity, and 61.9% specificity for predicting significant fluid responsiveness.

Conclusion:

The measurement of IVC/Ao is an accurate, sensitive, and specific parameter to predict fluid responsiveness. The best cut-off for the IVC/Ao ratio is 0.675.
Trauma in Obstetrical Patients
Authors: Keneally Ryan J. , Cyr Kyle L. , Sherman Marian , Vincent Anita , Chu Everett , Berger Jeffrey S. , Chow Jonathan H.
Published: November 2022

Introduction:

Pregnant trauma patients are an underdescribed cohort in the medical literature. Noting injury patterns and contributors to mortality may lead to improved care.

Methods:

Female patients between 14 and 49 years of age were identified among entries in the 2017 National Trauma Data Bank. Data points were compared using Chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, Student's t-test, Mann–Whitney rank-sum, or multiple logistic regression as appropriate. P < 0.05 was used to determine the findings of significance.

Results:

There were 569 pregnant trauma patients identified, which was 0.54% of the 105,507 women identified. Overall, mortality was low among all women and not different between groups (1.2% for pregnant women vs. 2.2% for nonpregnant, P = 0.12). Pregnant women with head injuries had a higher mortality rate than pregnant women without (4.2% vs. 0.47%, P < 0.01). Head injuries (Abbreviated Injury Severity Score [AIS] head >1) were associated with an increased risk for mortality (odds ratio: 3.33, 95% confidence interval: 3.0–3.7, P < 0.01).

Conclusion:

There was no increase in mortality for trauma patients who are pregnant when controlling for covariates. Factors such as head injuries, the need for blood, and comorbid diseases appear to have a more significant contribution to mortality. We also report the prevalence of head, cervical spine, and extremity injuries in pregnant trauma patients. Multidisciplinary simulation, jointly crafted protocols, and expanding training in regional anesthesia may be the next steps to improving care for pregnant trauma patients.
Identification of Seniors at Risk Scoring in Geriatric Trauma
Authors: Dingley Stephen D. , Bauerle Wayne B. , Ramirez Christine , Weber Holly , Wilde-Onia Rebecca , Szoke Ann-Marie , Benton Adam , Frutiger Danielle , Mira Alaa-Eldin , Hoff William , Stawicki Stanislaw P.
Published: November 2022

Introduction:

Geriatric trauma patients (GTP) make up an increasing percentage of the overall trauma population. Due to frailty, GTP are at an increased risk of morbidity and readmission. Therefore, it is becoming increasingly important to prognosticate outcomes to assist with resource utilization. We hypothesized that the “Identification of Seniors at Risk” (ISAR) score may correlate with both clinical outcomes and resource utilization for geriatric trauma patients.

Methods:

Patients older than 65 years who were admitted to the trauma service were screened using an ISAR scoring algorithm. Outcomes, including 30-day mortality, all-cause morbidity, hospital length of stay (LOS), intensive care unit (ICU) LOS, functional independence measures (FIM) at discharge, and percent discharged to a facility, were analyzed. Both descriptive and data-appropriate parametric and non-parametric statistical approaches were utilized, with significance set at α = 0.05.

Results:

One thousand and two hundred seventeen GTP were included in this study. The average age was 81, median injury severity score was 9, and 99% had a blunt trauma mechanism. ISAR scores were generally associated with increasing 30-day mortality (0%, 1.9%, 2.4%, and 2.1% for ISAR 0, ISAR 1–2, ISAR 3–4, and ISAR 5–6, respectively), morbidity (2.6%, 7.6%, 14.7%, and 7.3% for respective categories), longer hospital (3.1, 4.6, 5.1, and 4.3 days, respectively) and ICU stays (0.37, 0.64, 0.81, and 0.67, respectively), lower FIM score at discharge (18.5, 17.1, 15.8, and 14.4, for respective categories), as well as increasing percentage of patients discharged to a facility (29.8%, 58.9%, 72.1%, and 78.8% for respective categories).

Conclusions:

This exploratory study provides important early insight into potential relationships between ISAR and geriatric trauma outcomes. ISAR screening is a quick and easy-to-use tool that may be useful in GTP triage, level-of-care determination, and disposition planning. Understanding populations at risk, especially those with more intricate discharge needs, is an important step in mitigating those risks and implementing appropriate care plans.
Major Trauma in Elderly Patients
Authors: Savioli Gabriele , Ceresa Iride Francesca , Macedonio Sarah , Gerosa Sebastiano , Belliato Mirko , Luzzi Sabino , Lucifero Alice Giotta , Manzoni Federica , Ricevuti Giovanni , Bressan Maria Antonietta
Published: November 2022

Introduction:

Major trauma is the leading cause of mortality in the world in patients younger than 40 years. However, the proportion of elderly people who suffer trauma has increased significantly. The purpose of this study is to assess the correlation of old age with mortality and other unfavorable outcomes.

Methods:

We assessed on one hand, anatomical criteria such as ISS values and the number of body regions affected, on the other hand, hemodynamic instability criteria, various shock indices, and Glasgow Coma Scale. Finally, we also evaluated biochemical parameters, such as lactate, BE, and pH values. We conducted a prospective and monocentric observational study of all the patients referred to the Emergency Department of the IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico S. Matteo in Pavia for major trauma in 13 consecutive months: January 1, 2018–January 30, 2019. We compared the elderly population (>75 years) and the younger population (≤75).

Results:

We included 501 patients, among which 10% were over the age of 75 years. The mortality rate was higher among the older patients than among the younger (4% vs. 1.33%; P = 0.050). Hemodynamic instability was more common in the older patients than in the younger (26% vs. 9%; P < 0.001). More older patients (44%) had an ISS >16, in comparison with 32% of younger patients (P = 0.01).

Conclusions:

The elderly showed worse outcomes in terms of mortality, hospitalization rate, hemodynamic instability criteria, and anatomical and biochemical parameters.
Compassion Fatigue and Satisfaction among Turkish Emergency Medicine Residents Using the Professional Quality of Life Scale
Authors: Campbell Joshua , Wasey Abdul , Ozturan Ibrahim Ulas , Jeanmonod Rebecca
Published: November 2022

Introduction:

Emergency medicine (EM) residents are at high risk for burnout syndrome. The professional quality of life scale (ProQOL) is a validated survey that measures compassion satisfaction (CS) and compassion fatigue, which is comprised of burnout and secondary traumatic stress (STS) scales. This study sought to evaluate CS and fatigue among Turkish EM residents using the ProQOL survey.

Methods:

This was a cross-sectional study of Turkish EM residents who are part of the EM Residency Association of Turkey. The ProQOL survey version 5 was E-mailed in Turkish to all 150 EM residents. Participants were currently employed as EM residents. Demographics and satisfaction with quality of life were also collected.

Results:

Eighty residents completed the survey. Almost half of the respondents were either very dissatisfied or dissatisfied with their overall quality of life. Turkish EM residents not only had moderate levels of CS (scoring 33.9 ± 7.9), but also suffered moderate burnout (27.0 ± 5.9) and STS (24.7 ± 5.3).

Conclusions:

Turkish EM residents have moderate levels of CS and moderate levels of burnout and secondary traumatic stress.
Taking Serious Games Forward in Curriculum and Assessment
Authors: Lateef Fatimah , Lim Rong Ee , Loh Michelle Wan Yu , Pang Kelvin Yew Chuan , Wong Mark , Lew Kai Xiong , Madhavi Suppiah
Published: November 2022

Technology-driven educational modalities are increasingly utilized today in a variety of forms. Different combinations of the spectrum of simulation-based learning, the use of virtual reality, augmented reality, mixed reality, and serious gaming continue to gain traction on various educational platforms. In this paper, we share the formation of our project team to plan and execute a serious game on starting infusions and the use of infusion pump for nursing and health-care staff. The incorporation of element of assessment is also discussed.

The various phases we went through included:

The collaborative work and coordination between the subject-matter experts together with the technical production team is critical. Issues such as assessment and debriefing in serious gaming were also addressed, not forgetting the need to ensure that, above all, learning must take place.
A case control study on the role of interleukin 17 in the pathogenesis of vitiligo
Authors: Karagaiah Priyanka , Budamakuntla Leelavathy
Published: November 2022

Background:

Interleukin 17 (IL-17) has recently been implicated in the pathogenesis of vitiligo by many studies but it is unclear whether it has any definitive role in causing depigmentation. IL-17 inhibitors have already been used in other inflammatory disorders with good results and may prove to be a valuable therapeutic modality in vitiligo. Thus, this study aims at adding to the existing data on the role of IL-17 in the pathogenesis of vitiligo.

Objectives:

(1) To determine the correlation between IL-17 and the extent of body surface area involvement. (2) To determine the correlation between IL-17 and the severity of disease activity. (3) To determine the correlation between IL-17 and serum vitamin D levels.

Methodology:

Thirty-two clinically diagnosed patients with vitiligo and 26 age- and sex-matched controls who fulfill the inclusion criteria were enrolled in the study. After obtaining a detailed history, a complete dermatologic examination was performed and vitiligo area severity index (VASI) and vitiligo disease activity score (VIDA) were assigned. The baseline serum IL-17 level was measured using Raybiotech serum IL-17 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. Serum vitamin D was measured for all cases and controls.

Results:

In our study, the mean VASI score of all the patients was 6.32 ± 10.14 and the mean VIDA score was 1.97 ± 0.999. The mean serum IL-17 levels were 155.72 ± 79.412 pg/mL in patients with vitiligo compared to 102.73 ± 56.478 pg/mL of the controls, with a mean difference of 52.99 pg/mL and the difference was statistically significant (P = 0.008). Although, there is no significant correlation between the serum IL-17 levels with the VASI score, our study noticed slightly higher levels of IL-17 in generalized vitiligo and lowest levels were noticed in localized vitiligo.

Limitations:

Our study was limited by the small sample size of 32.

Conclusion:

Although, serum IL-17 levels were significantly higher in the patient group than the controls, there was no correlation with the disease extent or activity. Thus, it is difficult to establish a causal role of serum IL-17 in vitiligo.
Comparison of therapeutic efficacy of intralesional platelet-rich plasma and topical alpha-glucoside derivative of trihydroxy benzoic acid in melasma
Authors: Jhavar Milan , Mehta Hita , Somani Shreya , Agrawal Neha
Published: November 2022

Background:

Melasma is the most common cause of facial melanosis and presents with a complex therapeutic problem. Intralesional platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has shown promising results in hyperpigmentation, whereas alpha-glucoside derivative of trihydroxy benzoic acid (THBG) is a newer molecule for the management of pigmentation.

Aims and objective:

To compare therapeutic effects of PRP and THBG in facial melasma, note any untoward side effects of therapy and evaluate dermoscope as a tool for therapeutic prognosis.

Methods:

A total of 60 patients were enrolled based on inclusion and exclusion criteria after due written informed consent. After clinical, dermoscopic, and Wood lamp examination with relevant blood investigations, group P was treated by three sittings of intralesional injection of PRP at monthly interval, whereas group B was subjected to local application of THBG twice a day. Intergroup as well as intragroup comparative analyses were performed by subjective scores and dermoscope.

Results:

The mean of difference between modified melasma area and severity index (mMASI) score at the end of the study (i.e., difference mMASI at 12 and 0 weeks) was 2.21 for group P and 0.18 for group B and on comparison, the P-value was <0.0001 which is considered statistically significant. The average %mMASI improvement in group P was 35.05%, whereas in group B, it was 3.18%. On analysis of other parameters, physician global assessment, patient global assessment, and melasma quality of life scale patients of group P showed higher and significant improvements in comparison with group B. Changes in dermoscopic parameters could be appreciated in patients with significant improvement only.

Conclusion:

There is mild–moderate improvement in melasma (average 35.05%) with PRP with no untoward side effects, whereas THBG did not show any promising result in the treatment of melasma in FT grade IV/V.
Primary understanding of type 1 diabetes as an autoimmune disease
Authors: Alblihed Mohamd A.
Published: November 2022

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is classified as an autoimmune disease affecting a wide range of people worldwide. Beta cells in the pancreatic islets of Langerhans in the pancreases are responsible for insulin productions, which help in the exchange of blood glucose into energy. These cells were destroyed by developing particular immune mechanisms. Some newly diagnosed patients with T1D have insignificant scientific understanding of their immune system condition. Importantly, scholars found a direct relationship between hypoglycemic and innate immune response. Therefore, this review was intended to elaborate a simple scientific explanation for T1D, including T1D etiology and pathogenesis, initiation of immune response against β-cell, and immunological impact of the best therapy, in addition to the newest understanding of the cell types and immune mechanisms involved in T1D. This review included articles published from 1997 to 2022 extracted from PubMed, Medline, and Google Scholar databases.
The effect of integrating a nursing licensure examination preparation course into a nursing program curriculum
Authors: Almarwani Abdulaziz Mofdy
Published: November 2022

Background:

Nursing licensure examinations (NLEs) are used worldwide to determine nursing students' levels of competence and preparedness to practice nursing. However, despite students' knowledge of nursing concepts, some students struggle with anxiety, pressure, and NLE question style. Preparation courses embedded within nursing students' curriculum may be effective in preparing students to take the NLE.

Aim:

The aim is to determine the effectiveness of implementing a Saudi Nursing Licensure Examination (SNLE) preparation course into nursing students' curriculum.

Setting and Design:

A quasi-experimental, repeated measures design was used with 109 undergraduate nursing students in three-branch college of nursing in the western region of Saudi Arabia.

Methods:

Students completed a 3-month SNLE preparation course integrated into the current curriculum. The course involved practice question preparation, case studies, and online learning videos. Students took an SNLE-style pretest before the course and a posttest one month after the course was completed.

Results:

Most students were female (70.6%) and 34.9% reported studying 1–2 h per week studying for the course. There was a significant, positive, and strong correlation between the number of hours spent studying and SNLE posttest scores (r = 0.729, n = 109, P < 0.001). Students performed significantly better after taking the SNLE preparation course. Female students scored higher in all domains compared to male students, especially within the maternity and pediatric nursing domain.

Conclusions:

An NLE preparation course integrated into the nursing curriculum was shown to be effective within this sample of Saudi nursing students. Further research with larger samples may be needed to corroborate these findings.
Asynchronies during invasive mechanical ventilation: narrative review and update
Authors: Saavedra Santiago Nicolás , Barisich Patrick Valentino Sepúlveda , Maldonado José Benito Parra , Lumini Romina Belén , Gómez-González Alberto , Gallardo Adrián
Published: November 2022

Invasive mechanical ventilation is a frequent therapy in critically ill patients in critical care units. To achieve favorable outcomes, patient and ventilator interaction must be adequate. However, many clinical situations could attempt against this principle and generate a mismatch between these two actors. These asynchronies can lead the patient to worst outcomes; because of that is vital to recognize and treat these entities as soon as possible. Early detection and recognition of the different asynchronies could favor the reduction of the days of mechanical ventilation, the days of hospital stay, and in intensive care and improve clinical results.
Cultural, morphological and pathogenic variability of Phytophthora colocasiae isolate from taro in Cameroon
Authors: Manju E.B. , Mbong G.A. , Kinge T.R. , Fokunang E.T. , Fokunang C.
Published: November 2022

There exist 124 species of Phytophthora worldwide that cause serious diseases in natural ecosystems. These species have been identified using molecular methods. This study was conducted to determine the cultural, morphological and pathogenic variability of isolates of P. colocasiae processed from cultivars of Taro from Cameroon.The study was conducted in three agroecological regions, namely, Yaoundé, Bambui and Ekona where the disease was prevalent. Morphology showed that the mycelia were circular on all the isolates, in the three study zones. Mycelia colours ranged from white to cotton white. The colours of the culture media, after inoculation and mycelia growth, were the same. There was a significant difference (P<0.05) in mycelial growth among the isolate; with the longest of 5.5 cm in V6 juice agar media. Spore morphology was either spherical or ovoid in all the Taro isolates, in all culture media, except water medium. All four isolates were pathogenic to the four cultivars of Taro, causing lesions on leaves on inoculation. The most virulent fungi isolates were L1 (dark green petiole with small leaves) and L2 (red petiole with small leaves), which caused the largest lesion (>10 mm) in Taro cultivars during 14 days of inoculation.
Comparison of avian species diversity and abundance in relation to habitat structure: toward using birds as indicators of ecosystem health at zone 8, Lokoja, Kogi State, Nigeria
Authors: Tanko D , Okwu N.S , Kachi J. B , Adejoh B
Published: November 2022

Avian species in relation to plant community can be used to determine the health status of the ecosystem. Habitat destruction can lead to extinction of many bird species as well as other plant communities. The study was conducted for three (3) months to determine the variation in avian species diversity and abundance in four different adjacent habitat structures: Farmland, Gallery Forest, Rocky Outcrops and Uncultivated Grassland, all located at Zone 8 area of Lokoja, Kogi State. The Line Transect method was used to collect data from the entire study area where 2000 m transect was marked and further divided into short sections of 100m with 50m distance apart. Each marked section was sampled ten (10) times from 6:30 am to 10:00 am. Birds’ species encountered were  identified using the field guide and songs. Species diversity was determined using the Shannon-Weiner diversity index (H). The study recorded a total number of 4,490 individuals of 110 species belonging to 32 families. Farmland had the highest number of individuals with a total of 1,228 individuals belonging to 92 species, followed by the Gallery Forest with a total of 652 belonging to 95 species, followed by uncultivated grassland with a total of 339 individuals belonging to 65 species and the Rocky outcrop with a total of 122 individuals belonging to 55 species. Bird species abundance between the habitat types differ significantly (p<0.05). The Gallery Forest was the most diverse in bird species with a mean diversity index (H=3.55), though diversity between the habitat was not statistically different (p>0.05). The findings from this study indicate that Zone 8 is rich in avian species diversity. Therefore, there is need to conserve this area from activities that might contribute to habitat loss, which can lead to extinction of some bird species and possibly plants community in the nearest future.
Guidance and Counseling Services to Develop Student Career Maturity
Authors: Hastin Mafufah , Naqiyah Najlatun , Darminto Eko
Published: November 2022

This study describes career guidance and counseling services for career maturity of high school students. The method used is library research method. The results of the study refer to the components of international, national journal articles and input from supervisors, namely: The successful application of services from 25 journals has 6 studies that are influenced by various factors (a) adversity quotient, self-awareness, gender and socioeconomic status, (b) learning motivation, (c) locus of control and self-concept, (d) self management. 11 studies of career maturity results can improve. Three studies on the use of media, namely assessment tools, modules and multimedia. Three studies through self-efficacy, 2 studies compare the career maturity of students between boys and girls. Methods or techniques found 8 methods or techniques, namely (a) group counseling services, (b) career portfolio media, (c) career information services, (d) self management techniques, (e)  collaborative career guidance, (f) interactive multimedia career information, (g) self-efficacy techniques, (h) career guidance module. The scope and targets are from higher education to high school. The targets are mostly mixed sex, both individually and collectively. Suggestions or recommendations that are expected to provide career guidance services to increase student career maturity.
Çevre Haberlerinin Ulusal ve Yerel Gazetelerde Temsilinin Alternatif Medya ve Hak Haberciliği Bağlamında Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: ÇAĞLAK Engin , PEKCAN Gülay Elbi
Published: November 2022

Toplumda öteki olarak kabul edilenlerin kendi seslerini duyurabildikleri, özgürlük ve demokrasi temelinde yapılanan alternatif medyanın, hak haberciliğinin yapıldığı en önemli platformlardan biri olduğu görülmektedir. Ana akım medya ise politik, ekonomik vb. çıkarları yüzünden ya da hak haberciliğine konu olan olayla ilgili kaygı duymaması sebebiyle genellikle hak haberciliği ikinci planda kalabilmektedir. Bu çalışmada çevre hak haberciliği ile ilgili, 10 Mart-31 Mayıs 2020 tarihleri arasında rastgele seçim yöntemiyle seçilen 21 gün içerisinde Cumhuriyet, Birgün, Hürriyet, Sözcü, Sabah, Milliyet, Yeni Şafak, Yeni Akit gazetelerinin basılı formatlarında; Çanakkale Gündem, Olay, İşte Çanakkale ve Burası Çanakkale gazetelerinin web sitelerinde yer alan haberlerin genel içeriği hak haberciliği bağlamında değerlendirilmiş ve haber sayıları ile ilgili sayısal verilere ulaşılmıştır. Ayrıca alternatif medya kanalı olarak Greenpeace Türkiye, TURMEPA, ÇEKUD, ÇEVKO, ÇEKUL, Doğa Derneği, TEMA olmak üzere 7 vakfın/derneğin ve internet haberciliği yapan Denizhaber.com ve Çevrehaber.com adlı haber sayfalarının internet siteleri 10 Mart-31 Mayıs 2020 tarihleri arasını kapsayan faaliyet ve basın seyri raporları da incelenmiş ve çalışmada çevre ve çevre hakkının geleneksel medyadaki temsili ile ilgili sonuçlara ulaşılmıştır.
Berpikir Kritis dalam Fisika Menggunakan Aplikasi Mobile
Authors: Setiawan Rahmat , Lestari Novika , Apsari Nurul
Published: November 2022

Abstract: Critical thinking is a cognitive ability to solve and make decisions in complex situations in everyday life. This study aims to find out the influence of mobile applications on students’ ability of critical thinking in physics. This type of research is an experiment using quantitative methods. The subjects of this study were students from SMA Negeri 1 Nanga Pinoh grade 10th, a total of students are 31 people. This study was used a test technique in data collection and the test instrument used is in the form of pretest and posttest essay questions, which contain three aspects of critical thinking with twelve indicators. Aspects of critical thinking, namely: the effective reasoning, using a system of thinking, and making judgments and decisions. The data analysis technique used is descriptive analysis, simple linear regression test and N-Gain test.  The conclusion in this study is students' critical thinking in physics before and after using this mobile application in the critical category. The use of mobile applications only affects 22.15% of students' critical thinking skills in physics. Changes in students' critical thinking skills after using mobile applications are low.Keywords: Critical thinking, mobile app, physics, studentsAbstrak: Berpikir kritis merupakan kemampuan kognitif untuk memecahkan dan membuat keputusan dalam situasi yang kompleks dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan aplikasi mobile terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis peserta didik dalam fisika. Jenis penelitian berupa eksperimen dengan menggunakan metode kuantitatif. Subjek penelitian ini adalah peserta didik SMA Negeri 1 Nanga Pinoh kelas X MIPA 1, dengan jumlah 31 orang. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik tes dalam pengumpulan data dan instrumen tes yang digunakan berupa soal esai pretest dan posttest, yang berisi tiga aspek berpikir kritis dengan dua belas indikator. Aspek-aspek dari berpikir kritis, yakni: alasan yang sangat efektif, menggunakan suatu sistem berpikir, serta membuat suatu penilaian dan keputusan. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif, uji regresi linier sederhana dan uji N-Gain. Simpulan dalam penelitian ini adalah kemampuan berpikir kritis peserta didik dalam fisika sebelum dan sesudah menggunakan aplikasi mobile adalah sama dalam kategori cukup kritis. Penggunaan aplikasi mobile berpengaruh hanya 22,15% pada kemampuan berpikir kritis peserta didik dalam fisika. Perubahan kemampuan berpikir kritis peserta didik sesudah menggunakan aplikasi mobile tergolong rendah.Kata-kata kunci: Berpikir kritis, aplikasi mobile, fisika, peserta didik
Analisis Kandungan Kalsium (Ca) pada Air Tanah Bansir Darat Pontianak Tenggara
Authors: Rachmat Rachmat Sahputra
Published: November 2022

Air bersih yang ada di Wilayah Bansir Darat Pontianak Tenggara, memerlukan informasi  berkaitan dengan kandungan kalsium dari sumur-sumur yang dimiliki, karena dampak jika terlalu banyak mengkonsumsi air yang banyak  mengandung kalsium berakibat terjadi penyakit batu ginjal. Penentuan kandungan kalsium berdasarkan pada pembentukan senyawa kompleks berwarna antara kalsium dan metil petaline (C20H26NO3) yang dapat menyerap sinar tampak secara maksimal pada warna merah muda dengan panjang gelombang 507 nm. Ion Ca2+ ditentukan menggunakan persamaan Lambert Beer yang diukur menggunakan Spektrofotometer. Hasil analisis dari empat titik sampel yang mewakili wilayah studi memiliki kandungan kalsium yang bervariasi yang sangat bergantung pada kedalaman, Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa kedalaman sumur di wilayah Bansir Darat Pontianak Tenggara menghasilkan perbedaan kandungan kalsium. Untuk sumur dangkal 3 m memiliki kandungan 29,3 mg/L, sedangkan sumur dengan kedalaman 22 m mengunjukan hasil kandungan kalsium 174,2 mg/L. Semakin dalam sumur dari permukaan tanah memiliki kandungan kalsiumnya  yang lebih tinggi daripada sumur yang dangkal.
Modul Biologi Dasar Berbasis Keterampilan Metakognitif dan Kemampuan Kognitif Mahasiswa
Authors: Permatasari Rindah
Published: November 2022

Abstract: Entering the Revolutionary Era 4.0, humans are required to master various soft skills, including skills in managing self-awareness or metacognitive skills. This paper describes how the learning module based on metacognitive skills can improve student cognitive abilities on cell structure and function material in the basic concepts of IPA 2 at STKIP Melawi. This study had a one group pre-post design with quasi quantitative research types and involved 21 PGSD’s students at STKIP Melawi. The research technique is the form of a test using the learning outcome test questions. The research data were analyzed descriptively using quantitative data. From the experiment results, the students achievement before implementing the metacognitive skills-based learning module were 50.95 with a less category and an increase of 0.95 with a moderate category at a value of 82.86 with a very good category. The data describes the module based on metacognitive skills which can improve student achievement in the concept of cell structure and function.Keywords: Module, metacognitive skills, cognitive abilitiesAbstrak: Memasuki Era Revolusi 4.0, banyak orang dituntut untuk mengusai berbagai soft skill tak terkecuali keterampilan dalam mengatur diri atau keterampilan metakognitif. Tulisan ini memaparkan bagaimana modul pembelajaran berbasis keterampilan metakognitif dapat meningkatkan kemampuan kognitif mahasiswa pada materi struktur dan fungsi sel pada mata kuliah konsep dasar IPA 2 di STKIP Melawi. Penelitian ini berdesain one group pre-post dengan jenis penelitian kuantitatif semu dan melibatkan 21 mahasiswa PGSD di STKIP Melawi. Teknik penelitian berupa tes dengan menggunakan lembar tes kemampuan kognitif mahasiswa. Data hasil penelitian dianalisis secara deskriptif menggunakan data kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan rata-rata hasil belajar sebelum diterapkan modul pembelajaran berbasis keterampilan metakognitif adalah 50.95 dengan kategori kurang dan meningkat sebesar 0.95 dengan kategori sedang pada nilai 82,86 dengan kategori sangat baik. Dari data tersebut mendeskripsikan modul dengan basis keterampilan metakognitif dapat meningkatkan prestasi belajar peserta didik pada konsep struktur dan fungsi sel.Kata-kata kunci: Modul, keterampilan metakognitif, kemampuan kognitif
Montmorillonit Nanokil İlave Edilmiş Düşük Yoğunluklu Polietilen/Polistiren/Stiren Bütadien Stiren Polimer Kompozitinin Mekanik Özelliklerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: AYDIN Çağla Ceren , KARADİREK Gizem , TAŞDEMİR Münir
Published: November 2022

Bu çalışmada; düşük yoğunluklu polietilen (LDPE) içerisine farklı oranlarda polistiren (PS), stiren etilen bütadien stiren termoplastik blok kopolimeri (SBS) ve montmorillonite nanokil katarak bir polimer kompoziti üretilmiştir. Tüm malzemeler çift vidalı ekstrüzyon makinesinde karıştırılarak altı farklı polimer kompoziti elde edilmiştir. Daha sonra elde edilen bu polimer kompozitlerinden enjeksiyon kalıplama yöntemi ile kalıplama yaparak standart test numuneleri basılmıştır. Kompozitin çeşitli mekanik özellikleri hakkında bilgi edinmek için çekme testi, üç nokta eğme testi, sertlik testi ve darbe testleri yapılmıştır. Ayrıca nanokil tozlarının matris içerisinde dağılımlarını görmek için darbe testleri sonucundan elde edilen kırık yüzeylerden taramalı elektron mikroskobisi (SEM) ile fotoğrafları çekilmiştir. Yapılan testlerin sonuçlarına göre, matris içerisinde nanokil toz oranının artmasıyla; elastiklik modülü, çekme mukavemeti, kopma mukavemeti, eğilme modülü, maksimum eğilme mukavemeti ve sertlik değerlerinin arttığı buna karşılık kopma uzaması, darbe mukavemeti ve eğilme uzaması değerlerinin düştüğü tespit edilmiştir.
Identifikasi cacing nematoda pada saluran pencernaan babi di Makassar
Authors: Inriani Noveling , Sambodo Priyo
Published: November 2022

ABSTRAK

Nematoda merupakan jenis endoparasit yang hidup dalam tubuh inang, ciriciri tubuhnya tidak bersegmen dan biasanya berbentuk silinder yang memanjang serta meruncing pada kedua ujungnya. Cacing Nematoda mempunyai kemampuan untuk beradaptasi terhadap jaringan inang sehingga umumnya tidak menimbulkan kerusakan serta gejala klinis yang berat tetapi dapat pula menjadi pathogen karena inang menderita malnutrisi atau terjadi penurunan daya imunitas tubuh. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi cacing Nematoda pada saluran pencernaan babi yang ada di Makassar. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Juni 2015. Sampel diambil dari 50 ekor ternak babi di peternakan Panaikang, Makassar. Sampel diperiksa dengan metode Uji Apung selanjutnya jika positif ditemukan telur cacing Nematoda maka dilakukan Uji Mc Master untuk menghitung jumlah telur cacing per gram tinja. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan 18 sampel ditemukan positif telur Ascaris suum (36%) dan satu sampel ditemukan positif telur Oesophagustomum dentatum (2%), berdasarkan tingkat derajat keparahannya termasuk infeksi ringan

Kata Kunci : Babi; Makassar; Nematoda; saluran pencernaan;

 

ABSTRACT

Nematodes are the types of endoparasites that live in the body of the host, the characteristics of the body is not segmented and usually cylindrical elongated and tapered at both ends. Nematode worms have the ability to adapt to the host tissue that generally do not cause damage and severe clinical symptoms, but can also be pathogenic for the host suffering from malnutrition or decreased immunity power. The aims of this non-experimental research were to identify Nematode worms in the digestive tract of pigs in Makassar. This research was conducted in June 2015. Samples were taken from 50 pigs on farms Panaikang, Makassar. Samples examined using the floating method furthermore if found positive Nematode worm eggs Mc Master then conducted tests to count the number of worm eggs per gram of feces. The results showed 18 samples found positive for eggs of Ascaris suum (36%), one sample was found positive Oesophagustomum dentatum egg (2%), based on the level of severity including mild infection.

Keywords : digestive tract; Nematoda; Pig; Makassar
Evaluasi sifat fisik serbuk kulit nanas (Ananas comosus L. Merr.) sebagai jamu ternak antiparamphistomiasis
Authors: Rosyantari Andhia , Dewi Nabila , Febrianto Surya , Pratama Iman
Published: November 2022

Abstract 
Based on empirical use and scientific studies, pineapple peel extract has antiparamphistomiasis activity. Pineapple peel has the potential to be developed as a veterinary dosage form in the form of jamu ternak. The aim of the study is to evaluate the physical characteristics of pineapple peel powder compared to standard parameters. The test consists of the organoleptic test, pH test, visual uniformity, weight uniformity, water content determination, flowability, and degree of fineness. The prepared pineapple peel juice was freeze-dried to obtain a powder. The result revealed that the yield of freeze-drying pineapple powder was 15,30%. The pineapple peel powder’s organoleptic properties were as follows: Yellow colour, distinctive aroma of pineapple, and sour taste, the value of pH test is 4,376±0,03, the degree of fineness of the powder is classified as fine, the average of weight uniformity is 0,398±0,00374, and water content is 4,547%±0,008. According to compressibility Index and Hausner ratio was confirming good flow properties. The study suggests that pineapple peel powder could be developed as an ethnoveterinary preparation. 
Keywords: Antiparamphistomiasis; Livestock’s jamu; Physicochemical evaluation; Pineapple peel powder
 
Abstrak 
Ekstrak air kulit nanas berkhasiat sebagai antiparamphistomiasis berdasarkan penggunaan secara empiris dan studi saintifik. Berdasarkan potensi tersebut perlu dikembangkan sediaan obat hewan yang terstandar. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi sifat fisik serbuk ekstrak kulit nanas sebagai jamu ternak antiparamphistomiasis berdasarkan parameter standar. Uji yang dilakukan berupa uji organoleptik, pH, derajat halus, keseragaman bobot, kadar air, keseragaman tampilan dan sifat alir. Serbuk kulit nanas diperoleh dengan metode kering beku. Hasil rendemen serbuk sebesar 15,30%. Serbuk kulit nanas memiliki warna kuning pucat, bau harum aromatik dan rasa mais sedikit kecut khas nanas. pH sediaan serbuk yaitu 4,376±0,03, derajat halus serbuk tergolong halus, bobot serbuk sebesar 0,398g±0,00374, kadar air 4,547%±0,008, serbuk seragam dengan sifat alir sangat baik. berdasarkan hasil yang diperoleh serbuk kulit nanas memiliki kriteria sediaan serbuk yang baik berdasarkan parameter evlausi sediaan, oleh karena itu berpotensi dikembangkan sebagai sediaan etnoveteriner. 
Kata kunci: Antiparamphistomiasis; Evaluasi sediaan; Jamu ternak; Serbuk kulit nanas
Atık Alüminyum Metal Matrisli Kompozit Malzemelerde Al2O3 Takviye Oranının Isı İletim Katsayısına Etkisinin İncelenmesi
Authors: DİRİLMİŞ Mehmet , GÖKSOY Muhammed
Published: November 2022

Bu çalışmada, matris malzemesi olarak geri dönüşümden faydalanılarak atık içecek kutuları kullanılmıştır. Üretimi yapılan metal matrisli kompozit malzemenin (MMK) içerisine takviye elemanı olarak Al2O3 nano partikül kullanılmıştır. Metal matrisli nanopartikül takviyeli kompozit (MMNK) üretiminde Al2O3 takviye oranı ağırlıkça %0,5, %1, %1,5 belirlenmiş olup, karıştırmalı döküm yöntemi kullanılarak deney numuneleri hazırlanmıştır. Takviye oranındaki değişimlerin kompozit malzemenin termal özelliklerine etkileri deneysel olarak incelenmiştir. Alüminyum matris içerisindeki Al2O3 takviye oranlarının artmasıyla kompozit malzemenin termal iletkenlik değerlerinin orantılı olarak azaldığı görülmüştür.
BipBip: A Low-Latency Tweakable Block Cipher with Small Dimensions
Authors: Belkheyar Yanis , Daemen Joan , Dobraunig Christoph , Ghosh Santosh , Rasoolzadeh Shahram
Published: November 2022

Recently, a memory safety concept called Cryptographic Capability Computing (C3) has been proposed. C3 is the first memory safety mechanism that works without requiring extra storage for metadata and hence, has the potential to significantly enhance the security of modern IT-systems at a rather low cost. To achieve this, C3 heavily relies on ultra-low-latency cryptographic primitives. However, the most crucial primitive required by C3 demands uncommon dimensions. To partially encrypt 64-bit pointers, a 24-bit tweakable block cipher with a 40-bit tweak is needed. The research on low-latency tweakable block ciphers with such small dimensions is not very mature. Therefore, designing such a cipher provides a great research challenge, which we take on with this paper. As a result, we present BipBip, a 24-bit tweakable block cipher with a 40-bit tweak that allows for ASIC implementations with a latency of 3 cycles at a 4.5 GHz clock frequency on a modern 10 nm CMOS technology.
Information Theory-based Evolution of Neural Networks for Side-channel Analysis
Authors: Acharya Rabin Y. , Ganji Fatemeh , Forte Domenic
Published: November 2022

Profiled side-channel analysis (SCA) leverages leakage from cryptographic implementations to extract the secret key. When combined with advanced methods in neural networks (NNs), profiled SCA can successfully attack even those cryptocores assumed to be protected against SCA. Despite the rise in the number of studies devoted to NN-based SCA, a range of questions has remained unanswered, namely: how to choose an NN with an adequate configuration, how to tune the NN’s hyperparameters, when to stop the training, etc. Our proposed approach, “InfoNEAT,” tackles these issues in a natural way. InfoNEAT relies on the concept of neural structure search, enhanced by information-theoretic metrics to guide the evolution, halt it with novel stopping criteria, and improve time-complexity and memory footprint. The performance of InfoNEAT is evaluated by applying it to publicly available datasets composed of real side-channel measurements. In addition to the considerable advantages regarding the automated configuration of NNs, InfoNEAT demonstrates significant improvements over other approaches for effective key recovery in terms of the number of epochs (e.g.,x6 faster) and the number of attack traces compared to both MLPs and CNNs (e.g., up to 1000s fewer traces to break a device) as well as a reduction in the number of trainable parameters compared to MLPs (e.g., by the factor of up to 32). Furthermore, through experiments, it is demonstrated that InfoNEAT’s models are robust against noise and desynchronization in traces.
Find the Bad Apples: An efficient method for perfect key recovery under imperfect SCA oracles – A case study of Kyber
Authors: Shen Muyan , Cheng Chi , Zhang Xiaohan , Guo Qian , Jiang Tao
Published: November 2022

Side-channel resilience is a crucial feature when assessing whether a postquantum cryptographic proposal is sufficiently mature to be deployed. In this paper, we propose a generic and efficient adaptive approach to improve the sample complexity (i.e., the required number of traces) of plaintext-checking (PC) oracle-based sidechannel attacks (SCAs), a major class of key recovery chosen-ciphertext SCAs on lattice-based key encapsulation mechanisms (KEMs). This new approach is preferable when the constructed PC oracle is imperfect, which is common in practice, and its basic idea is to design new detection codes that can determine erroneous positions in the initially recovered secret key. These secret entries are further corrected with a small number of additional traces. This work benefits from the generality of PC oracle and thus is applicable to various schemes and implementations.Our main target is Kyber since it has been selected by NIST as the KEM algorithm for standardization. We instantiated the proposed generic attack on Kyber512 and then conducted extensive computer simulations against Kyber512 and FireSaber. We further mounted an electromagnetic (EM) attack against an optimized implementation of Kyber512 in the pqm4 library running on an STM32F407G board with an ARM Cortex-M4 microcontroller. These simulations and real-world experiments demonstrate that the newly proposed attack could greatly improve the state-of-the-art in terms of the required number of traces. For instance, the new attack requires only 41% of the EM traces needed in a majority-voting attack in our experiments, where the raw oracle accuracy is fixed.
Cultura y desempeño exportador del sector esparraguero: caso de una región líder en el Perú
Authors: Alvarado Espinoza Jair Omar , Soto Abanto Segundo Eloy , Martin Vergara Joseph Anibal , Guarniz Benites Olinda Carolina
Published: November 2022

Es este estudio se determinó la incidencia de la cultura exportadora en el desempeño exportador de las agroexportadoras de espárrago de la región La Libertad en el 2020. La investigación tuvo un enfoque mixto, con diseño explicativo secuencial. La muestra cuantitativa está conformada por 26 empresarios y directivos de las empresas agroexportadoras de espárrago de la región en estudio, la muestra cualitativa estuvo conformada por 5 especialistas en negocios internacionales y empresarios agroexportadores; se utilizaron dos cuestionarios válidos y confiables y dos guías de entrevista; para el procesamiento de la información cuantitativa se usó el software estadístico para Ciencias Sociales SPSS v.25 y para los cualitativos la matriz de sistematización. Se determinó que la cultura exportadora incide en el desempeño exportador de las agroexportadoras de espárrago de la región La Libertad, considerando que existe como base una relación significativa y positiva muy fuerte haciendo uso de la prueba de correlación de Spearman y un coeficiente de Rho de 0.804.
Principle of Legal Certainty in Russian Criminal Law: from Theory to Legislation Improvement
Authors: Баласанов М.Р.
Published: November 2022

В статье исследуются принцип правовой определенности, его значение, содержание и место в российском уголовном праве. Автором изучены специальная юридическая литература, опыт закрепления рассматриваемого принципа в зарубежном уголовном законодательстве, проанализирована соответствующая практика Конституционного Суда Российской Федерации, Европейского суда по правам человека. В статье сделан вывод о целесообразности дополнения системы принципов Уголовного кодекса Российской Федерации принципом правовой определенности, отмечается возрастающая роль данного принципа в рамках законотворческих и правоприменительных процессов, а также предлагается конкретная формулировка его законодательного изложения. Кроме того, результаты социологического исследования свидетельствуют о том, что 73 % сотрудников судебной системы и правоохранительных органов, а также адвокатов Московской области поддерживают данное предложение.

The article examines the principle of legal certainty, its meaning, content and place in Russian criminal law. The author studied special legal literature, the experience of enshrining the principle in foreign criminal legislation, analyzed the relevant practice of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation and the European Court of Human Rights. The article concludes that it is expedient to supplement the system of principles of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation with the principle of legal certainty, notes the increasing role of this principle in the framework of legislative and law enforcement processes, and also suggests a specific formulation of its legislative presentation. In addition, the sociological study results indicate that 73% of the employees of the judicial system and law enforcement agencies, as well as lawyers of the Moscow Oblast support this proposal.