bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Repetitive Implementation of Material Value Conservation and its Effects on the Mechanical Properties of Plastic Recycling Products
Authors: Nurcahyo Rahmat , Gabriel Djoko Sihono , Ikhsan Wakhid L.
Published: October 2018

Impurity and contaminated waste of flexible plastic packaging will not be viable as raw materials for secondary recycling. This problem could be avoided by repetitive implementation of material value conservation through material purity protection since the product design activities up to the end of packaging life cycle. This paradigm also creates new sequential life cycles of products rather than once when only virgin materials were used as raw materials. With repetitive implementation of material value conservation and serial testing in a polymer laboratory, a type of virgin plastic pellet recycled up to the 8th stage of secondary recycling, and then the mechanical properties of materials tested according to the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) standards. This research revealed that flexible plastic packaging materials that managed by Material Value Conservation (MVC) implementations were suitable for secondary recycling in producing the viable quality of recycled plastic pellets in mechanical properties measures, and leverage the potential of virgin plastic pellets utilization. Because of MVC implementations protected the purity of materials intensively, and then increased the value of recycled plastic pellets as raw materials for the new life cycle of plastic products.
Fabrication of Gelatin Complexes/Bio-Nanocellulose Nanostructured Composite Mats
Authors: Taokaew Siriporn , Phisalaphong Muenduen
Published: October 2018

Fabrication of gelatin complexes/bio-nanocellulose was achieved using facile and green method to fabricate nanostructured composite mats. The bio-nanocellulose was synthesized usingAcetobacter xylinumbacteria. The bio-nanocellulose pellicle was submerged in gelatin solution and thereafter complexing. Gelatin complex nanospheres were found to adsorb on and inside bio-nanocellulose mats. The nanocomposite mats exhibited optical transparency, high surface area with porous structure, antimicrobial activity againstStaphylococcus aureus,and non-cytotoxicity to Vero monkey kidney cells.
Failure Probability of Thermally Stable Diamond Composite Tips for Cutting Rock Segments
Authors: Sun Yong , Li Xing Sheng
Published: October 2018

Thermally Stable Diamond Composite (TSDC) tips have attracted a great attention of rock cutting industry due to the higher thermal stability and high wear resistance of TSDC. To make the TSDC tipped picks practical for real application, it is important to understand the failure behavior of the TSDC tips for rock cutting. One of the failure characters of TSDC tips is random failures. In this paper, a method is proposed to calculate the failure probability of TSDC tips for cutting individual rock segments. This method enables to link the segment length to the failure probability of the tip for cutting the segment. A numerical case study is presented to validate the method. The method can effectively reduce the impact of the number of segments on failure probability estimation accuracy.
Study on Bionic Diamond Bits for Drilling Superhard Materials
Authors: Xu Liang , Liu Yi Bo , Sun You Hong
Published: October 2018

With diamond particles, metal powders and a special soft material as raw materials, this paper introduced some diamond bits to drill the superhard materials such as granite. Besides, the biology non-smooth theory was applied to the design of bit, and a new type of bit which is called bionic bit was introduced about its principle and manufacturing method. HYPERLINK "http://dict.cnki.net/dict_result.aspx?searchword=%e6%95%b0%e5%80%bc%e6%a8%a1%e6%8b%9f&tjType=sentence&style=&t=numerical+simulation" Numerical simulations and field tests of bionic bits showed that the optimalizing non-smooth degree was the most important factor of the design of bionic bit. By ANSYS finite element calculation when the non-smooth degree is 12.6%, the drilling bit wear is the smallest, 63% less than the ordinary bit. This paper prepared four bionic bits with the non-smooth degree 13% and four ordinary bits to drill the granit in gold mine, the average life and drilling speed of bionic bits increased by 29.8% and 21.3% more than ordinary bits.
Strength of Reinforced Fibrous Foamed Concrete-Filled Hollow Section
Authors: Abd Rahman Norashidah , Khairuddin Siti Amirah Azra , Jamaluddin Norwati , Mohd Jaini Zainorizuan
Published: October 2018

At present, research on concrete-filled sections extends to using lightweight concrete to reduce the total weight of such structures. However, research on concrete-filled hollow sections (CFHS) using foamed concrete remains ongoing. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the strength of reinforced fibrous foamed CFHSs. Two types of fibre, namely, steel and polypropylene fibres, were used. A short-column specimen was prepared and tested under compression load. Result shows that adding steel fibre to foamed concrete indicates a higher strength than adding polypropylene fibre. The strength of the CFHS is increased by adding reinforced bar and fibre in foamed concrete.
Oxygen Reduction Effect on T’-Pr2-xCexCuO4 Nanopowders in the Underdoped Regime Studied by X-Ray Absorption near Edge Structure
Authors: Resky Irfanita , Putra Putu Eka Dharma , Bambang Triono , Chatree Saiyasombat , Krongthong Kamonsuangkasem , Baqiya Anjelh Malik , Darminto
Published: October 2018

This research is aimed to examine oxidation state of Copper (Cu) in both as-synthesized and reduced T’-Pr2-xCexCuO4 (T’-PCCO) with x = 0, 0.10, and 0.15 using Cu K-edge x-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES). The T‘-PCCO nanopowders were successfully synthesized by the chemically dissolved method with HNO3 as a dissolving agent continued by calcination at 1000°C for 15 h. The reduced T’-PCCO nanopowders were obtained by reduction annealing process at 700°C for 5 h under Ar gas atmosphere. The analyses of XANES spectra show that oxidation states of the Cu ions in all of the T'-PCCO nanopowders have values between +1 and +2. This indicates the existence of electron doping in the CuO2 planes, even in the undoped T’-structure. It is found that the oxidation states of the Cu ions change after reduction annealing depending on the existence of apical oxygen in the T'-structure. Based on the XANES analyses, it is revealed that the change of oxidation state is influenced by the presence of both electron and hole carriers in the two-carrier model of T’-structure.
Development of Lipid/Polymer Membrane by Reduced Graphene Oxide for Sugar Sensor
Authors: Pirabul Kritin , Srinophakun Penjit , Thanapimmetha Anusith , Saisriyoot Maythee
Published: October 2018

The sweetness sensor has been developed for sensing sweeteners using lipid/polymer membrane as ion selective membrane in potentiometry measurement. In this work, effects of blending reduce graphene oxide (rGO) at 1.25, 2.5 and 3.75 wt.% during conventional lipid/polymer membrane preparation to increase electrical responsive was investigated. The results demonstrated that the lipid/polymer/rGO-3.75% membrane has the highest response, which was 13.06 and 18.21 % increment (at 0.1 M and 0.3 M of sucrose, respectively) from the conventional lipid/polymer membrane.
Effect of vitamin D supplementation on sustained virological response in genotype 1/4 chronic hepatitis C treatment-naïve patients from India
Authors: Behera Manas Kumar , Shukla Sunit Kumar , Dixit Vinod Kumar , Nath Preetam , Abhilash V. B. , Asati Pankaj Kumar , Jain Ashok Kumar
Published: October 2018

Background & objectives:

The effect of vitamin D supplementation on response to antiviral therapy in hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 1 and 4 infection still remains unclear, with studies yielding inconsistent results. The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of vitamin D supplementation on treatment outcome in patients with genotype 1/4 chronic hepatitis C (CHC) infection.

Methods:

Sixty consecutive, treatment-naïve, genotype 1 and 4 chronic HCV patients were included in the study. The patients were randomized into two groups: Vitamin D supplemented group received pegylated (PEG)-interferon α-2a 180 μg per week plus ribavirin (RBV) (1000-1200 mg/d) together with vitamin D3 (2000 IU/d) and control group received identical therapy without vitamin D (32 patients).

Results:

There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of age, sex, body mass index and baseline laboratory values. Lower vitamin D levels were associated with higher grades of fibrosis in liver histology (vitamin D >20 ng/ml - 70% vs vitamin D <20 ng/ml - 37%, P<0.05). Vitamin D supplemented group had similar rapid viral response (40 vs 28%, P=0.36), complete early viral response (53.2 vs 40%, P=0.34), end of treatment response (64 vs 46%, P=0.17) and sustained virological response (SVR) (60 vs 44%, P=0.19) as compared to control group. Interleukin 28B polymorphism [odds ratio (OR)-15.37, 95% confidence interval (CI)-2.32-101.76, P=0.04] and baseline serum vitamin D levels (OR-6.36, 95% CI-1.36-29.61 P=0.02) were independent predictors of SVR in genotype 1/4 CHC. Vitamin D supplementation was not found to be predictor of response in genotype 1/4 CHC on multivariate analysis (OR-2.79, 95% CI- 0.63-12.34, P=0.74).

Interpretation & conclusions:

The present study showed that addition of vitamin D to PEG/RBV combination therapy in treatment-naïve patients who were infected with HCV genotype 1/4 had no effect on the rates of rapid, early and sustained viral responses.
A surface antigen of Orientia tsutsugamushi activates human monocyte-derived dendritic cells via nuclear factor-kB & p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways
Authors: Jan Rong-Hwa , Chen Chia-Jung , Hong Yi-Ren , Lin Yu-Li , Chen Li-Kuang
Published: October 2018

Background & objectives:

Scrub typhus is a chigger-borne disease caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi. The immunological reactions to O. tsutsugamushi infection are not completely understood. In this study, we investigated the response of dendritic cells (DCs) to a major 56-kDa scrub typhus antigen Sta56.

Methods:

Monocyte-derived human DCs were incubated with different concentrations of recombinant Sta56 and analyzed for maturation based on phagocytic capacity, the ability to induce T-cell proliferation, expression of surface markers, cytokine secretion and activation of toll-like receptor (TLR)-dependent signalling pathways.

Results:

Treatment of DCs with Sta56 induced cell surface expression of CD80, CD83, CD86 and MHC Class II increased the production of interleukin-12 (IL-12) p40, IL-12 p70 and IL-10 and decreased DC phagocytic capacity. Furthermore, Sta56 increased the ability of DCs to activate T-cell proliferation and interferon-γ secretion. TLR4-specific antibodies neutralized Sta56-elicited effects on DC maturation, suggesting direct interaction between Sta56 and TLR4. Moreover, Sta56 activated nuclear factor (NF)-κB and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signalling as evidenced by decrease in Sta56-induced cytokine production and surface marker expression by specific inhibitors helenalin and SB203580, respectively, and increase in IκBα and p38 phosphorylation and NF-κB-DNA binding.

Interpretation & conclusions:

Our results showed that the surface antigen of O. tsutsugamushi activated DCs through interaction with TLR4 and activation of MAPK and NF-κB signalling, suggesting Sta56 as a potential candidate molecule for the development of vaccine against scrub typhus.
Contribution of insulin resistance to decreased baroreceptor sensitivity & cardiometabolic risks in pre-obesity & obesity
Authors: Indumathy Jagadeeswaran , Pal Gopal Krushna , Pal Pravati , Ananthanarayanan Palakkad Hariharan , Parija Subash Chandra , Balachander Jayaraman , Dutta Tarun Kumar
Published: October 2018

Background & objectives:

Although insulin resistance (IR) is a known complication in obesity, the physiological mechanisms linking IR with cardiometabolic risks in obesity have not been well studied. This study was conducted to assess the difference in cardiovascular (CV) risk profile in IR and non-IR (NIR) conditions, and contribution of IR to cardiometabolic risks in pre-obese and obese individuals.

Methods:

Basal CV, blood pressure variability, autonomic function test and cardiometabolic parameters were recorded in pre-obese (n=86) and obese (n=77) individuals during 2012 and 2015. The association of altered cardiometabolic parameters with homeostatic model for IR (HOMA-IR) in pre-obese and obese groups and with baroreceptor sensitivity (BRS) in IR and NIR groups was calculated by appropriate statistical analysis.

Results:

Decreased BRS, a known CV risk and cardiometabolic parameters were significant in IR (pre-obese and obese) group compared to the NIR group. Sympathovagal imbalance in the form of increased sympathetic and decreased parasympathetic activities was observed in individuals with IR. There was no significant difference in the level of independent contribution of HOMA-IR to cardiometabolic parameters in pre-obese and obese groups. Adiponectin and inflammatory markers had an independent contribution to BRS in IR group.

Interpretation & conclusions:

Findings of the present study demonstrated that the intensity of cardiometabolic derangements and CV risk were comparable between IR, pre-obese and obese individuals. Pro-inflammatory state, dyslipidaemia and hypoadiponectinaemia might contribute to CV risk in these individuals with IR. IR could possibly be the link between altered metabolic profile and increased CV risks in these individuals independent of the adiposity status.
Two-sided norm estimates for Bergman-type projections with an asymptotically sharp lower bound
Authors: Liu Congwen , Perälä Antti , Zhou Lifang
Published: October 2018

We obtain new two-sided norm estimates for the family of Bergman-type projections arising from the standard weights

(1 − |z|^2)^{\alpha}

where

\alpha > −1

. As

\alpha \to −1

, the lower bound is sharp in the sense that it asymptotically agrees with the norm of the Riesz projection. The upper bound is estimated in terms of the maximal Bergman projection, whose exact operator norm we calculate. The results provide evidence towards a conjecture that was posed very recently by the first author.
Well-Posedness of the Keller–Segel System in Fourier–Besov–Morrey Spaces
Authors: Chen Xiaoli
Published: October 2018

In this note, we investigate the Cauchy problem for Keller–Segel system with fractional diffusion for the initial data

(u_0,v_0)

in the critical Fourier–Bessov–Morrey spaces

\mathcal{FN}_{q,\mu,r}^{2-2\alpha+d-\frac{d-\mu}{q}}(\mathbb R^d)\times \mathcal{FN}_{q,\mu,r}^{2-\alpha+d-\frac{d-\mu}{q}}(\mathbb R^d)

with

1 < \alpha\le 2

. The global well-posedness with a small initial data of the solution to Keller–Segel system of double-parabolic type is established.
Optimal Decay Rate of Solutions to Timoshenko System with Past History in Unbounded Domains
Authors: Khader Maisa , Said-Houari Belkacem
Published: October 2018

In this paper, we investigate the Cauchy problem for the Timoshenko system in thermo-elasticity, where the heat conduction is given by the Gurtin–Pipkin thermal law in one-dimensional space. We show an optimal decay rate of the

L^2

-norm of the solution with the rate of

(1 + t)^{-1/8}

which is better than

(1 + t)^{-1/12}

found in [6]. We also extend the recent results in [7] and [8] and showed that those results are only particular cases of the one obtained here. Also, we prove that the decay rate is controlled by a crucial stability number

\alpha_g

which depends on the parameters of the system.
Positive Solution of Lighthill-Type Equations
Authors: Vainikko Gennadi
Published: October 2018

We study a unique solvability of Volterra integral equations of Lighthill’s type subject to a positive solution on

[0,\infty)

. Also the asymptotics of the solution at the infinity is examined.
UTILIZAÇÃO DO MÉTODO COMPARATIVO NAS DECISÕES DO SUPREMO TRIBUNAL FEDERAL
Authors: Neves do Nascimento Bruno , Pessoa Londe de Oliveira Lorena , Oliveira Peter da Silva Christine
Published: October 2018

O objetivo do presente trabalho é investigar como tem ocorrido a utilização do método comparativo nas decisões do Supremo Tribunal Federal, especialmente nas decisões dos anos de 2013 e 2014, as quais cuidaram, dentre outras, da temática dos direitos fundamentais.A pesquisa aqui desenvolvida insere-se no âmbito do Direito Constitucional, especialmente no capítulo da hermenêutica e concretização constitucionais, propondo reflexão e investigação sobre como tem ocorrido a prática discursiva dos ministros da Suprema Corte Brasileira, no que diz respeito à referenciação de decisões de cortes estrangeiras constitucionais e/ou internacionais nas decisões constitucionais brasileiras. Trata-se, portanto, de estudo que pretende verificar, por meio de pesquisa quantitativa e qualitativa, como têm ocorrido os diálogos judiciais transnacionais sobre direitos fundamentais entre as decisões das Cortes Constitucionais e/ou Internacionais, dando continuidade à investigação proposta por Christine Peter, em sua tese de doutoramento, defendida em 2013, perante banca na Faculdade de Direito da Universidade de Brasília.A pesquisa se justifica pela constatação de que ainda não são abundantes as investigações acerca da utilização do método comparativo, no âmbito jurídico-constitucional, no Brasil. Ou seja, visto sob uma perspectiva pragmática, verifica-se a ausência de dados empíricos sobre a prática comparativa na jurisprudência do Supremo Tribunal Federal, o tribunal brasileiro responsável pelas decisões de cúpula sobre questões constitucionais.A premissa central da pesquisa é o fato de os Estados Constitucionais, tal como concebidos pela contemporaneidade, especialmente pelos juristas e estudiosos dos séculos XVIII, XIX e XX, não mais oferecerem condições adequadas e suficientemente bem fundamentadas para a concretização de direitos fundamentais no contexto sócio-cultural do século XXI.Nesse contexto, o método comparativo ganha força e preeminência, pois este é o meio pelo qual as diversas comunidades constitucionais nacionais e internacionais podem comunicarem-se entre si, a fim de conferir mais força à ideia de conformação de um tipo de Estado que ao mesmo tempo se revele constitucional e cooperativo.A investigação apresentada como premissa teórica e metodológica possibilitou concluir que houve aumento significativo dos casos em que Supremo Tribunal Federal referenciou decisões de cortes estrangeiras constitucionais e/ou internacionais nas decisões constitucionais brasileiras. Contudo, ainda não se pode dizer que o Supremo Tribunal Federal é uma Corte Suprema comprometida com o Estado Constitucional comparativo e com a metódica de concretização dos direitos fundamentais fundada nos diálogos judiciais transnacionais, o que se confirma no presente trabalho em que as decisões dos anos de 2013 e 2014 foram analisadas
Field measurements of methylglyoxal using proton transfer reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometry and comparison to the DNPH–HPLC–UV method
Authors: Michoud Vincent , Sauvage Stéphane , Léonardis Thierry , Fronval Isabelle , Kukui Alexandre , Locoge Nadine , Dusanter Sébastien
Published: October 2018

Abstract. Methylglyoxal (MGLY) is an important atmospheric
α-dicarbonyl species for which photolysis acts as a significant source of
peroxy radicals, contributing to the oxidizing capacity of the atmosphere
and, as such, the formation of secondary pollutants such as organic aerosols
and ozone. However, despite its importance, only a few techniques exhibit
time resolutions and detection limits that are suitable for atmospheric
measurements. This study presents the first field measurements of MGLY by proton transfer reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometry (PTR-ToF-MS) performed during the
ChArMEx SOP2 field campaign. This campaign took place at a Mediterranean
site characterized by intense biogenic emissions and low levels of
anthropogenic trace gases. Concomitant measurements of MGLY were performed
using the 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH) derivatization technique and
high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with UV detection. PTR-ToF-MS
and DNPH–HPLC measurements were compared to determine whether these
techniques can perform reliable measurements of MGLY. Ambient time series revealed levels of MGLY ranging from 28 to 365 pptv, with a
clear diurnal cycle due to elevated concentrations of primary biogenic
species during the daytime, and its oxidation led to large production rates of
MGLY. A scatter plot of the PTR-ToF-MS and DNPH–HPLC measurements indicates a
reasonable correlation (R2=0.48) but a slope significantly lower than
unity (0.58±0.05) and a significant intercept of 88.3±8.0 pptv. A careful investigation of the differences between the two
techniques suggests that this disagreement is not due to spectrometric
interferences from H3O+(H2O)3 or methyl ethyl ketone (or butanal) detected
at m∕z 73.050 and m∕z 73.065, respectively, which are close to the MGLY m∕z of 73.029. The differences are more likely due to uncorrected sampling
artifacts such as overestimated collection efficiency or loss of MGLY into
the sampling line for the DNPH–HPLC technique or unknown isobaric
interfering compounds such as acrylic acid and propanediol for the
PTR-ToF-MS. Calculations of MGLY loss rates with respect to OH oxidation and direct
photolysis indicate similar contributions for these two loss pathways.
MODIS Collection 6 MAIAC algorithm
Authors: Lyapustin Alexei , Wang Yujie , Korkin Sergey , Huang Dong
Published: October 2018

Abstract. This paper describes the latest version of the algorithm MAIAC
used for processing the MODIS Collection 6 data record. Since initial
publication in 2011–2012, MAIAC has changed considerably to adapt to global
processing and improve cloud/snow detection, aerosol retrievals and
atmospheric correction of MODIS data. The main changes include (1) transition
from a 25 to 1 km scale for retrieval of the spectral regression coefficient
(SRC) which helped to remove occasional blockiness at 25 km scale in the
aerosol optical depth (AOD) and in the surface reflectance, (2) continuous
improvements of cloud detection, (3) introduction of smoke and dust tests to
discriminate absorbing fine- and coarse-mode aerosols, (4) adding over-water
processing, (5) general optimization of the LUT-based radiative transfer for
the global processing, and others. MAIAC provides an interdisciplinary suite
of atmospheric and land products, including cloud mask (CM), column water
vapor (CWV), AOD at 0.47 and 0.55 µm, aerosol type (background,
smoke or dust) and fine-mode fraction over water; spectral bidirectional
reflectance factors (BRF), parameters of Ross-thick Li-sparse (RTLS)
bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF) model and
instantaneous albedo. For snow-covered surfaces, we provide subpixel snow
fraction and snow grain size. All products come in standard HDF4 format at
1 km resolution, except for BRF, which is also provided at 500 m resolution
on a sinusoidal grid adopted by the MODIS Land team. All products are
provided on per-observation basis in daily files except for the BRDF/Albedo
product, which is reported every 8 days. Because MAIAC uses a time
series approach, BRDF/Albedo is naturally gap-filled over land where missing
values are filled-in with results from the previous retrieval. While the BRDF
model is reported for MODIS Land bands 1–7 and ocean band 8, BRF is reported
for both land and ocean bands 1–12. This paper focuses on MAIAC cloud
detection, aerosol retrievals and atmospheric correction and describes MCD19
data products and quality assurance (QA) flags.
Derivation of Flow Rate and Calibration Method for High-Volume
Air Samplers
Authors: Hann Richard , Hermanson Mark
Published: October 2018

Abstract. Sampling the atmosphere is different from other environmental matrices because measuring the volume of air sampled requires a mechanical flow-through device to draw the sample and measure its flow rate. The device used must have the capability of concentrating the analytes of interest onto a different substrate because the volumes of air needed are often in the hundreds of cubic meters. The use of high-volume air samplers has grown since 1967, when recommended limits of a larger number or organic contaminants in air were developed. The development of equations used for calculating the air flow through the device over time have similarly been developed. However, the complete derivation of those equations has never appeared in the scientific literature. Here a thorough derivation of those equations is provided with definitions of the mechanical systems that are used in the process, along with the method of calibrating and calculating air flow.
Zonal-mean data set of global atmospheric reanalyses on pressure levels
Authors: Martineau Patrick , Wright Jonathon S. , Zhu Nuanliang , Fujiwara Masatomo
Published: October 2018

Abstract. This data set, which is prepared for the Stratosphere–troposphere Processes And their Role in Climate (SPARC) Reanalysis
Intercomparison Project (S-RIP), provides several zonal-mean diagnostics
computed from reanalysis data on pressure levels. Diagnostics are currently
provided for a variety of reanalyses, including ERA-40, ERA-Interim, ERA-20C,
NCEP–NCAR, NCEP–DOE, CFSR, 20CR v2 and v2c, JRA-25, JRA-55, JRA-55C,
JRA-55AMIP, MERRA, and MERRA-2. The data set will be expanded to include
additional reanalyses as they become available. Basic dynamical variables
(such as temperature, geopotential height, and three-dimensional winds) are
provided in addition to a complete set of terms from the Eulerian-mean and
transformed-Eulerian-mean momentum equations. Total diabatic heating and its
long-wave and shortwave components are included as availability permits,
along with heating rates diagnosed from the basic dynamical variables using
the zonal-mean thermodynamic equation. Two versions of the data set are
provided, one that uses horizontal and vertical grids provided by the various
reanalysis centers and another that uses a common grid (CG) to facilitate
comparison among data sets. For the common grid, all diagnostics are
interpolated horizontally onto a regular 2.5∘×2.5∘ grid
for a subset of pressure levels that are common among all included
reanalyses. The dynamical
(Martineau, 2017, https://doi.org/10.5285/b241a7f536a244749662360bd7839312)
and diabatic
(Wright, 2017, https://doi.org/10.5285/70146c789eda4296a3c3ab6706931d56)
variables are archived and maintained by the Centre for Environmental Data
Analysis (CEDA).
Convection-permitting regional climate simulations for representing floods in small- and medium-sized catchments in the Eastern Alps
Authors: Reszler Christian , Switanek Matthew Blaise , Truhetz Heimo
Published: October 2018

Abstract. Small-scale floods are a consequence of high precipitation rates in small
areas that can occur along frontal activity and convective storms. This
situation is expected to become more severe due to a warming climate, when
single precipitation events resulting from deep convection become more
intense (super Clausius–Clapeyron effect). Regional climate model (RCM)
evaluations and inter-comparisons have shown that there is evidence that an
increase in RCM resolution and, in particular, at the convection-permitting
scale will lead to a better representation of the spatial and temporal
characteristics of heavy precipitation at small and medium scales. In this
paper, the benefits of grid size reduction and bias correction in climate
models are evaluated in their ability to properly represent flood generation
in small- and medium-sized catchments. The climate models are sequentially
coupled with a distributed hydrological model. The study area is the Eastern
Alps, where small-scale storms often occur along with heterogeneous rainfall
distributions leading to a very local flash flood generation. The work is
carried out in a small multi-model framework using two different RCMs (CCLM
and WRF) in different grid sizes. Bias correction is performed by the use of
the novel scaled distribution mapping (SDM), which is similar to the usual quantile
mapping (QM) method. The results show that, in the investigated RCM ensemble, no
clear added value of the usage of convection-permitting RCMs for the purpose
of flood modelling can be found. This is based on the fact that flood events
are the consequence of an interplay between the total precipitation amount
per event and the temporal distribution of rainfall intensities on a
sub-daily scale. The RCM ensemble is lacking in one and/or the other. In
the small catchment (<100 km2), a favourable superposition of the
errors leads to seemingly good CCLM 3 km results both for flood statistics and
seasonal occurrence. This is, however, not systematic across the catchments.
The applied bias correction only corrects total event rainfall amounts in an
attempt to reduce systematic errors on a seasonal basis. It does not account
for errors in the temporal dynamics and deteriorates the results in the small
catchment. Therefore, it cannot be recommended for flood modelling.
Popoli regionali e diritto all’autodeterminazione: studio del «caso Veneto»
Authors: De Donà Michelangelo , Trabucco Daniele
Published: October 2018

Se examina desde el punto de vista constitucional italiano la realidad concreta del caso véneto a partir de la combinación de la propia realidad jurídica nacional, el Derecho de la Unión Europea y el Derecho internacional.
Pluriofensividad de los delitos de corrupción en las transacciones comerciales internacionales: corrupción y cohechoPluriofensividad de los delitos de corrupción en las transacciones comerciales internacionales: corrupción y cohecho
Authors: Parés López de Lemos Ana
Published: October 2018

Las transacciones comerciales internacionales conforman el vasto ámbito donde se inserta la corrupción dentro del contexto de la cultura social, económica y política, y su crecimiento. En coherencia con la asunción de los compromisos internacionales suscritos por España a través de las ratificaciones de convenios internacionales, se introdujo este injusto en el Código Penal español y se reformó en varias ocasiones, marcando un hito la última reforma legislativa de 2015. La lesión al bien jurídico protegido de este tipo de cohechos transnacionales es de carácter pluriofensivo. España muestra un cierto grado de madurez en la lucha contra este tipo de corrupción semipública internacional, aunque en la persecución de tales delitos todavía se hace preciso desarrollar mejoras técnicas y multidisciplinares.
El agotamiento de la extensión prevista como causa de finalización de las prestaciones por incapacidad temporal
Authors: Lafuente Suárez José Luis
Published: October 2018

La extensión de la duración de la incapacidad temporal ha sido uno de los temas más modificados dentro de la normativa reguladora de una contingencia protegida en el sistema de la Seguridad Social española. Sigue generando además múltiples controversias, como muestra la regulación actual contenida en el Texto Refundido de la Ley General de la Seguridad Social de 2015, que contempla la combinación de las distintas opciones que las entidades gestoras y las mutuas han de tomar en relación con las extensiones temporales posibles de esta contingencia protegida. A partir de ellas, mostramos la necesidad de justificar que el mero transcurso del tiempo no ha de ser entendido por sí mismo como causa de finalización de las prestaciones de incapacidad temporal, sino que debe conectarse con alguna de las circunstancias que la ley recoge como operadora de la extinción de la protección a través de esta contingencia.
"Subir a por aire" (1939), o la infrapolítica según George Orwell
Authors: Quintana Rubio Oriol
Published: October 2018

George Orwell expuso los mecanismos de opresión del individuo bajo los regímenes totalitarios. Su influencia, tanto en la teoría política como en la vida cotidiana, ha sido indiscutible. Sin embargo, otra novela suya, Coming up for air (1939), menos conocida y estudiada, parece hoy más relevante que Nineteen eighty-four (1949). En Coming up for air Orwell describe la situación del ciudadano medio en la democrática Inglaterra de la época, centrando su atención no tanto en las formas a través de las cuales se ejerce el poder, sino la forma como éste es resistido. Porque existe una opresión sorda en la democracia moderna, ejercida justamente sobre el individuo cuya libertad política protege y promueve. Este artículo explora en qué consiste esa opresión y la infrapolítica diseñada por Orwell para resistirse a ella.
Note stylistique sur le récit de voyage : les pages bayonnaises de Pyrénées (1843) de Victor Hugo
Authors: Labertit André
Published: October 2018

Cette étude sur les pages bayonnaises extraites de Pyrénées (1843) s’inscrit dans une recherche sur la nature littéraire des récits de voyages et son expression stylistique. Écrites 32 ans après une étape à Bayonne sur le chemin qui conduisait Victor Hugo, enfant, auprès de son père à Madrid, elles sont considérées dans leur singularité organique. Le moi de Hugo, tout imprégné qu’il est de Bayonne, de l’Espagne, de Napoléon, envahit la relation référentielle ; le temps remémoré ne l’est pas en vue de retrouver le passé mais de l’évoquer dans une rêverie moins divagante qu’orientée. Évocation proprement créatrice, rendue patente par l’écart entre le descriptible et le décrit.
La mise en fiction d’un voyage insulaire chez Ignacio Aldecoa et Emmanuel Hocquard
Authors: Oliver Frade José M.
Published: October 2018

Les espaces insulaires représentent un sujet récurrent dans la littérature universelle ​dès lorsqu'ils permettent la coexistence d'une perspective réelle et d'une interprétation allégorique et qu’ils servent de support à un discours dans lequel se confondent le vrai et l'imaginaire. Dans cet article, nous allons mettre en lumière les parallélismes et les divergences qui se produisent dans le traitement symbolico-spatial que deux écrivains contemporains, qui appartiennent à deux domaines linguistiques différents, réservent à un même contexte insulaire. Nous comparerons ainsi les romans ​ Parte de una historia (1967) de Ignacio Aldecoa et Aerea dans les fôrets de Manhattan (1985) de Emmanuel Hocquard, qui se déroulent sur la petite île canarienne de La Graciosa, transformée en la destination d'un voyage existentiel par les deux auteurs.
Zarathoustra aux îles : Vasco (Chadourne, 1927) et Touriste de bananes (Simenon, 1938)
Authors: Lojacono Florence
Published: October 2018

En cette période de l’entre-deux-guerres, Marc Chadourne et Georges Simenon ont de nombreux intérêts communs : voyages, lectures et, bien sûr, le grand reportage littéraire. Dans cet article nous irons à Tahiti, où ont séjourné les deux auteurs, grâce à Vasco de Chadourne et à Touriste de bananes de Simenon. Dans les deux romans il s’agit de suivre le parcours d’un protagoniste qui, fuyant la France, aborde les rivages d’une Polynésie qu’il pense être le cadre propice de sa renaissance. Nous verrons de quelle manière, dans ces deux textes, surgit le désir de l’île comme remède au spleen d’une part et comme antidote au nihilisme d’autre part. Même si l’exotisme est au rendez-vous, la lumière étincelante d’une nature intacte se révèle incapable de chasser les vieilles lâchetés, les plages immaculées ne peuvent endiguer les vagues d’angoisse qui les submergent de plus en plus souvent. Jusqu’à l’épuisement. Jusqu’à suicide.In the interwar period, Marc Chadourne and Georges Simenon had many common interests: travel, readings and of course, literary reportage. In this paper we will travel to Tahiti, where both authors lived, through the works Vasco by Chadourne and Touriste de bananes by Simenon. Each novel follows the path of a man who, escaping from France, reaches the shores of a Polynesia he thinks will be the fertile ground for his rebirth. We will see how, in both novels, the desire for the island arises, on the one hand as a drug against the spleen, and on the other as an antidote to nihilism. In spite of the island’s exoticism, the sparkling light over an unspoilt nature is unable to chase away the cowardice from their lives; the immaculate beaches are powerless to stem the waves of anxiety and the protagonists are increasingly overwhelmed by angst. Until exhaustion. Until suicide.
D’une actualité dans le roman maghrébin
Authors: Amraoui Abdelaziz
Published: October 2018

Le 11 septembre 2001 est une date charnière, non seulement par rapport à des considérations géopolitiques et géostratégiques, en relation avec le terrorisme international, mais aussi en relation avec son impact sur le monde artistique et littéraire. Le Maghreb n’est pas en reste. Salim Bachi, l’Algérien, et Mahi Binebine, le Marocain, vont ouvrir l’espace de tous les dangers, sans sécurité de notre post-modernité très agitée, post-modernité qui replonge le monde dans une deuxième« ère de soupçon » avec son lot d’interrogations et de doutes. Ils vont percer, et ce ontologiquement, ce mystère de la construction de l’orthodoxie aveugle et aveuglante, chez des personnages totalement décalés du monde dans lequel ils vivent, et dont l’éducation et les origines sont foncièrement différentes. Au nom d’une lecture de l’Islam au diapason de la réalité, des vengeurs de la cause musulmane vont semer la terreur, d’un côté aux États Unis, puis, dans une terre de l’Islam, le Maroc, contre des musulmans et des non-musulmans !
Cross Disciplinary Consultancy to Bridge Public Health Technical Needs and Analytic Developers: Negation Detection Use Case
Authors: Conway Mike , Mowery Danielle , Ising Amy , Velupillai Sumithra , Doan Son , Gunn Julia , Donovan Michael , Wiedeman Caleb , Ballester Lance , Soetebier Karl , Tong Catherine , Howard Burkom
Published: October 2018

This paper describes a continuing initiative of the International Society for Disease Surveillance designed to bring together public health practitioners and analytics solution developers from both academia and industry. Funded by the Defense Threat Reduction Agency, a series of consultancies have been conducted on a range of topics of pressing concern to public health (e.g. developing methods to enhance prediction of asthma exacerbation, developing tools for asyndromic surveillance from chief complaints). The topic of this final consultancy, conducted at the University of Utah in January 2017, is focused on defining a roadmap for the development of algorithms, tools, and datasets for improving the capabilities of text processing algorithms to identify negated terms (i.e. negation detection) in free-text chief complaints and triage reports.
Lessons Learned from Introducing a Village Health Registry in Malawi
Authors: Kubalalika Prestor J
Published: October 2018

The Village Health Registry (VHR) was a community health data collection tool introduced in 1998. It was first introduced in Mwanza district of Malawi with the objectives of collecting community-based data, analysing and taking action in a local setting. The tool was collecting and updating data such as demography, immunization status for children under one year, growth monitoring for children under five, monitoring of all pregnant women, incidence of malaria, acute respiratory infections, diarrhoea cases, water and sanitation and deaths, by visiting households in every village every month.The tool was able to collect all targeted information as required. The data collected by the tool appeared to be more reliable than that obtained through a national information system used by the Ministry of Health (MoH) for the same district and the same year.  It was easy for health centres to accurately order supplies based on actual requirements, to follow-up cases during disease outbreaks and to identify deficiencies in immunisation coverage rates.Despite promising results, the VHR registry fell into disuse following the establishment of a national register.  The MoH’s Health Information System (HIS) data used projections which normally did not represent the actual situation on the ground while the VHR registry gave real physical data which was representative and verifiable. The potential of the VHR outweighed that of the HIS. Although the HIS had been rolled out nationally, there were shortfalls which MoH could consider rectifying to reach its full potential. In conclusion, the VHR was worth adopting as it would give MoH realistic statistics to be effectively used at all levels.Keywords: Village Health Register, Mwanza district, Ministry of Health, Community Health Workers, Health Information System.
And Ghana was scared: Media Representations of the Risk of an Ebola Outbreak in Ghana
Authors: Iddrisu Seidu
Published: October 2018

Abstract Introduction  The 2014 Ebola virus outbreak in parts of West Africa marked the 25th occurrence of the disease since its discovery in 1976. While earlier outbreaks in Central and Eastern Africa had limited geographical extension and little media coverage, news media interest in the 2014 epidemic was remarkably high. In countries like Ghana, where the risk of imported infection was estimated to be among the highest, news coverage for the epidemic proliferated. This study aimed to describe and analyze the central themes which characterized media representations of the risk of Ebola outbreak in Ghana.Method  A quantitative content analysis (CA) was employed to study news media reportage of the risk of Ebola outbreak in Ghana. Two daily newspapers, the Daily Graphic and Today were sampled. An online search for Ebola news stories in the selected newspapers was conducted, and all hits with Ebola downloaded and screened. A total of 332 articles were retrieved and 156 articles met the inclusion criteria. Three independent coders carried out the coding using identical story analysis form.Results In the course of the 2014 Ebola epidemic in parts of West Africa, the Daily Graphic and Today newspapers in Ghana published 332 stories about the epidemic. Of this number, the study analyzed 156 news articles which met the inclusion criteria. The analysis found that, media coverage for the risk of Ebola outbreak in Ghana reflected nine salient themes: concerns about the Ghana’s preparedness, support for Ghana’s preparation, public education on Ebola virus, assurances on Ghana’s readiness, suspected cases of Ebola, effects of Ebola, critique of Ebola risk handling, Misinformation and other.Conclusion Analysis of news media coverage for the threat of Ebola outbreak in Ghana revealed nine important themes. These themes, contributed to an understanding of the broad impact of the recent Ebola outbreak on various sectors of the population. Key words: media coverage, Ebola threat in Ghana, epidemic preparedness, West Africa Ebola outbreak
“Fake Vets” and Viral Lies: Personal Narrative in a Post-Truth Era
Authors: Willsey Kristiana
Published: October 2018

“Stolen valor” confrontations calling out “fake vets” have generated a popular genre of viral video, a highly concentrated and visible expression of contemporary anxieties over the commodification of identity online. The boom in first-person stories, particularly traumatic ones, has oversaturated the attention economy of the internet, creating a market for fakes that real veterans can’t criticize without challenging the authenticity of their own stories.
The Analysis of University Students’ Views on Mentally Challenged People’s Participation to Sports Events
Authors: Kardaş Nurgül Tezcan , Sadık Reşat
Published: October 2018

The aim of this study is to investigate university students’ attitudes towards mentally challenged individuals’participation to sports activities. To collect the data, ‘Attitude towards sports activities scale of individuals havingmental disabilities’ is used. Reliability of the scale, which has been developed by (İlhan et al., 2013) and consists of 28items, is 0.96. The options, respectively, follow as: I completely agree, I agree, I’m neutral, I disagree and I completelydisagree. The study group consists of 420 students who study at Bülent Ecevit University in 2016-2017 Spring Term,and is selected randomly. The result shows that there is no statistically significant difference in the attitude ratings ofmentally challenged individuals’ participation to sports activities related to age, sex, types of education, or if there isany disabled individual living in participants’ social environments. But, type of school is a significant variant. Theratings of attitude of the participants who selected the option, ‘other’ in their school type part in the tool are higher thanof the one ones who selected the options, ‘faculty’ or ‘vocational school’.
CHARACTERISING SEASONAL VARIATIONS AND SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF AMBIENT PM2.5 CONCENTRATION BASED ON SHORT-TERM MONITORING IN DARKHAN CITY
Authors: B Chultem , Ch Sonomdagva , Ch Byambatseren , Matsumi Yutaka
Published: October 2018

The purpose of this study was to survey the seasonal variation of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) concentration and determine spatial distribution in Darkhan city. Air pollution research and reports have been few and far between in most of parts in Mongolia, especially in Darkhan with respect to quantitative aerosol particle concentration. In this study, we utilized “PM2.5sensor” to measure spatial and seasonal variation of particulate matter concentrations in the study area. The monitoring points were chosen by basing on their specific features and set up directly at ambience outdoor. In each season, we carried out measurement at 3 points, which covered the ger district and apartment district areas for one day. Whereas, at one point the ger district was sampled for 4 days in summer. Fine particulate matter concentrations were the highest in the ger district area because there are many households that use coal for their daily heating and cooking, and at the bared surface. As for seasonal variation, in winter pollution reached 400 times higher than other seasons. Furthermore, at the ger district area, PM2.5 concentration was as much as 20 times greater than other points and it was observed that this too had its impact on the apartment district as well. As regards the air quality index, the level of particulate matter in the ger district area is extremely unhealthy to hazardous in winter. While, good and moderate indexes were mostly identified at monitoring points during the springtime.
Security Education in dangerous times
Authors: Pieczywok Andrzej
Published: October 2018

The article is concerned with the problems of Security Education in the context of threats to
man`s existence. The aim of the article is to present the possibilities of Security Education
from processual and technical (educational) aspects to prevent threats. The main research
objective adopted by the author is: What are the main threats to mankind and how are
they prevented by Security Education? The main focus is on the problems of education
and threats to mankind. The article consists of an introduction outlining the significance of
the subject. The most typical threats to man`s security and how Security Education could
prevent them are described later.
Types of Security Education in Poland. Selected examples
Authors: Zadorożna Marlena
Published: October 2018

The purpose of the article is to examine selected examples of types of security education in Poland. At the beginning of the 20th century, national security was centered on military and political aspects, but recent decades have seen the successive shifting of the focus from the military-political plane of security to other areas. It seems that educational concepts adapt to emerging challenges. This thesis is confi rmed by the concept of global education, the idea of military classes, as well as the military training of pro-defensive organisations within the framework of the Passport Program. All of these educational concepts were covered in the study. One of the most important conclusions of the article will be to emphasise the correlation between the evolution of the understanding of security, the transformation of threats and changes in the field of educational concepts.