bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Qualification characteristics of the professions of workers in the field of physical education and sports rehabilitation
Authors: Dutchak Myroslav , Kashuba Vitalii , Sushchenko Liudmyla
Published: December 2023

The authors of the article emphasize that in the modern period, the state of health of the population of Ukraine is a significant challenge to society and, without exaggeration, poses a real threat to human security. The search for ways to preserve and develop the nation and strengthen its health should be addressed to the teaching community, which is increasingly aware of its responsibility for the physical, social and psychological well-being of the future generation.

The article describes the qualification characteristics of such professions of workers in the field of physical education and sports rehabilitation as “Instructor of physical culture and sports rehabilitation”, “Specialist of physical culture and sports rehabilitation” and “Physical culture and sports rehabilitation therapist”.

The authors emphasizes that workers in the field of physical culture and sports rehabilitation should plan and implement measures of physical culture and sports rehabilitation aimed at restoring and compensating for the functional capabilities of the human body, its physical condition through physical education and sports.

It is indicated that employees in the field of physical culture and sports rehabilitation should cooperate with employees of the system of physical culture and sports institutions for persons with disabilities “Invasport” to involve persons with disabilities and their support for participation in physical culture, sports and rehabilitation activities among persons with disabilities with lesions of the musculoskeletal system, visual, hearing, mental and physical development and different age groups.

It is noted that workers in the field of physical culture and sports rehabilitation should cooperate with specialists from centers for comprehensive rehabilitation for children and youth with disabilities to involve persons with disabilities in participation in physical culture and recreation, mass and sports events.
Characteristics of the components of the professional training of future information technology specialists in the process of physical education
Authors: Zayka V.V.
Published: December 2023

The article examines the subjective characteristics of the professional activity of future information technology specialists and carries out a self-assessment of their physical condition and capabilities together with the results of other studies found in the specialized literature. The general attitude of students to physical education classes, their self-esteem, the peculiarities of the distribution of the load when working on a computer and with it on the working muscles were revealed, the existing data that the level of somatic health of students of higher education is mainly within the limits of low to medium. It was determined that such a regularity is also characteristic of general physical fitness, where the level of development of motor qualities of students of information majors is also mostly in the range from low to medium. Special motor abilities and characteristics of the psyche were studied, which made it possible to separate those indicators that directly affect the educational achievements of students of higher education. It is shown that teachers of physical education face the task of improving the existing educational programs, supplementing it with a professional and applied part. At the same time, in connection with the heterogeneity of the student contingent, the basis of the technology for building a program for physical education of students of higher education is the specificity of their professional activity, gender, age characteristics, level of health, general physical and specially motor preparedness.
Horting Health Referral
Authors: Lavrentiev Oleksandr , Antonenko Sergy , Golovashenko Roman , Derkach Oksana , Cviga Artem
Published: December 2023

The article defines the levels of health values of Hortingists and analyzes them. The specified differences between health training of horting and sports training. Also indicated are the advantages of the health promotion of horting. The article helps to expand the understanding of the impact of horting on the physical and psychological health of a person, supplementing the existing base of scientific research in this area. It provides a theoretical basis for further research and development of health horting concepts, contributing to the formulation of new theoretical models. The high level of sportsmanship, growing competition at European and world championships, increasing the requirements of sports qualifications place increased demands on the level of preparation of athletes and their recovery after loads of any complexity and preservation of health by means of horting.

The stressful conditions of modern training work, on the one hand, are definitely the leading factor in achieving high sports performance, and on the other hand, heavy training loads and their irrational planning can harbor the danger of various types of overstrain and overfatigue. Therefore, means of recovery at all stages of sports improvement are of great importance for the sports career of horting players.

Horting's wellness program applies to all age categories of people, from children of early preschool age to the elderly. The exercises of the health system are designed in such a way that they are suitable for people of different levels of physical fitness, both male and female, individual physical exercises of a special developmental nature can be used for children with various pathologies, adults who are disabled.

Horting as a means of recovery has its own specifics, as it is a martial arts sport, which is characterized by unusual exercises, namely: thanks to repeated repetition of various flips, flips, rotations, jumps, children's bodies react less and less to unusual body positions. It is a system of exercises in which the athlete improves all the properties of the body, such as flexibility, jumping, balance, reaction speed, intelligence, logical thinking, moving back and forth, left and right, up and down, freely and universally. The athlete is extremely composed and ready to instantly make a decision (subconsciously or automatically) how to act in a particular situation on the wrestling mat.
A model of the effectiveness of swimming physical culture and health classes with women of the first period of mature age
Authors: Miroshnichenko V. , Riabchenko V. , Drachuk S. , Parishkura Yu.
Published: December 2023

The use of the modeling method in the system of physical education of various population groups is a reserve for increasing the effectiveness of physical education classes. It has been proven that adaptive reactions to training classes differ in individuals of different somatotypes. Models that demonstrate the peculiarities of adaptation of individuals of different somatotypes to physical culture and health activities will contribute to increasing their effectiveness, as they will allow choosing the load in accordance with the morpho- functional characteristics. The efficiency model was developed on the basis of experimental data. Three times a week, the subjects attended swimming classes. Peculiarities of adaptation in women of different somatotypes were studied according to the dynamics of indicators of physical and functional preparedness, indicators of physical development and functional indicators of the cardiovascular system. It was established that swimming training caused an increase in all indicators of functional fitness (power and capacity of the body's anaerobic productivity, threshold of anaerobic metabolism, maximum oxygen consumption), a decrease in body weight, body mass index, and visceral fat content. Among women of different somatotypes, more significant adaptive changes occurred in representatives of the endomorphic somatotype. The effectiveness model summarizes information about the specifics of the influence of swimming classes on physical development, physical and functional fitness of women and demonstrates the specifics of adaptive reactions in representatives of different somatotypes.
Breast Cancer Treatment and Outcomes in Nigeria: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Olayide Agodirin , Isiaka Aremu , Ganiyu Rahman , Samuel Olatoke , Halimat Akande , Olalekan Olasehinde , Julius Olaogun , Anya Romanoff
Published: December 2023

Background: Nigeria has one of the highest age-standardized breast cancer (BC) mortality rates globally and the highest in Africa. Late presentation and diagnosis have been studied extensively as causes of high BC morbidity and mortality, while treatment and outcomes are under-reported. We aggregated data on BC treatment and outcomes in Nigeria to identify gaps in research, challenges, and potential targets for future interventions.Methods: Articles on female BC management in Nigeria published between 2011 and 2021 were reviewed for the prevalence of different treatment modalities and outcomes. The meta-analytical procedure was a random effect model. Results: We identified 15 articles that reported on the treatment and outcomes of 3857 BC patients. The most prevalent treatment modality was chemotherapy alone. The probability of receiving each treatment modality was 85% (95% CI 66-97) for chemotherapy, 62% (95% CI 51-73) for surgery, and 31% (95% CI 8-59) for radiotherapy. Multimodality treatment, including chemotherapy, surgery, and radiation, was administered to 24% (95% CI 10-43) of patients. In studies with available data, nearly half of patients who initiated chemotherapy did not complete the recommended number of doses or received treatments at irregular intervals. The radiotherapy utilization was five times higher when patients received treatment in centers with radiation facilities. Overall survival estimates were 80% at one year, 43% at two years, and 32% at five years. Patients with early-stage (AJCC I/II) disease survived longer, with a 5-year survival difference of 32% compared to patients with late-stage (AJCC III/IV) disease. Patients receiving multimodality therapy survived longer. Three-year survival for patients who received chemotherapy, surgery and radiotherapy was 68%. Whereas it was 43% in patients who received chemotherapy and surgery only. Conclusion: Improving access to complete systemic therapy, surgery, and radiation for breast cancer patients in Nigeria is imperative and should be the target of future interventions.
«А все таки Криворівня надить»: Карпати і Прикарпаття в житті Михайла Коцюбинського
Authors: Мисак Наталія
Published: December 2023

The article systemizes information on the role of the Carpathians and Subcarpathia in personal and professional life of the famous Ukrainian writer Mykhailo Kotsiubynsky. It is presented how popularization at the beginning of the XX century by the Galician intelligentsia of the Carpathian region with its ethnic and folk features, unique natural and climatic conditions caused interest in the area among Naddniprianshchyna's intellectuals. The attention is focused on the point, how the professional and personal relationship with the Galicians stimulated M. Kotsiubynsky's interest in the Carpathians. Based on the analysis of writer's epistolary heritage (correspondence) it is recreated the story of his acquaintance, cooperation in the literary field and friendship with the famous Galicia ethnographer and publisher V. Hnatiuk. Exactly he with his fascinating stories about vacations in the mountains contributed to the formation of M. Kotsiubynsky's interest in the Carpathians, and encouraged him to write a literary work about this region. In the article it is highlighted the features of writer's staying in Galicia, particularly it is described his first visit to Lviv in 1890, and his personal acquaintance with V. Hnatiuk in the spring of 1905. Considerable attention is paid to the analysis relaxation M Kotsiubynsky's in hucul village Kryvorivnia in 1910-1912. The nature of writer's mountain leisure is investigated (outdoor walks, recreation on the reservoirs, hiking and horseback riding in the surrounding villages and valleys, communication with the local population, collecting of folklore material, acquaintance with the Galician intelligentsia, who were resting in Kryvorivnia, conversations in the intellectual company, evenings in the house of a local priest O. Voliansky etc.) is investigated. Based on M. Kotsiubynsky's correspondence with his wife and O. Aplaksina it is clarified his impressions of staying in the Carpathians, of mountain landscapes and weather, of communications with the Husuls, of their customs, traditions, and mentality in general. The influence of the Carpathians vacations on M. Kotsiubynsky's literary creativity is explored.
Gênero e sexualidade
Authors: Salfatis Daniele Guilhermino
Published: December 2023

Gênero e sexualidade: enodamentos que sustentam equívocos

Resumo

O escrito aqui apresentado tem como objetivo problematizar as questões de gênero a partir de três conceitos psicanalíticos, tal qual abordados na obra de Lacan. São eles: identidade, sintoma e sinthome.  Os cruzamentos desses pontos têm o intuito de orientar o fazer clínico deslocando-se do binarismo ou da patologização.  Identidade trabalhada a partir da idéia de shifter, o sintoma como aquilo que o analisante enuncia sob transferência e o sinthome como quarto nó, enlaçando Real, Imaginário e Simbólico.  O percurso teórico tem o intuito de pensar gênero e processo analítico colocando em cena a diferença absoluta como orientadora do manejo clínico para além das tentativas de enquadramentos identitários ou patologizantes, colocando em cena o singular da nominação.

 

Palavras-chave:

Gênero; Identidade; Psicanálise; Sintoma; Sinthome.
Mal-estar e novo normal
Authors: Rohem de Souza Santos Ingrid , De Magalhães Costa Priscylla
Published: December 2023

Com Lacan, estamos advertidos de que não há realidade senão de discurso, e que o discurso pode tocar o corpo em seu real. Assolado pelo real da pandemia, o sujeito vive os efeitos da peste, e temos notícia disto em nossa clínica. O presente trabalho propõe uma reflexão acerca do que vem se produzindo neste contexto pandêmico, do ponto de vista das relações dos sujeitos com tal realidade e o que ela descortina, perpassando o campo do gozo, da política e a lógica  do dito “novo-normal”. Observamos que o real da pandemia fez disfuncionar a lógica da cadeia produtiva: o projeto de poder vigente respondeu com negacionismo - cujo custo é arcado pelo sujeito com seu corpo, podendo lhe custar até a vida; ao psicanalista, coube acolher cada sujeito em seu caos singular, sem isentar-se de seu compromisso com a pólis
Há na psicose relação privilegiada com o saber?
Authors: Pesqueira de Souza Pricila
Published: December 2023

No seminário 6, Lacan nos ensina que a ignorância está na base da constituição do sujeito. É suporte essencial para o neurótico em sua relação com a castração. A pergunta desse trabalho é: há na psicose relação privilegiada com o saber? Ou ainda: há paixão pela ignorância na psicose? Para responder essa pergunta, além de Freud e Lacan, nos serviremos de Julieta de Battista, com sua tese de que há desejo na psicose. Com Colete Soler, abordaremos o conceito de narcisismo do desejo e escabelo. Maria Anita Carneiro Ribeiro nos brindará com sua ideia de que a ignorância está na estrutura psíquica de todo ser humano. Para exemplificação, traremos duas vinhetas clínicas.
Mechanisms of Resistance in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors:   Clinic of Medical Oncology Elias Emergency University Hospital, Romania, HOZA Alexandra-Maria , PATRASCU Andreea-Denisa ,   Clinic of Medical Oncology Elias Emergency University Hospital, Romania, ORLOV-SLAVU Maria-Cristina ,   Clinic of Medical Oncology Elias Emergency University Hospital, Romania, HOROMNEA Ruxandra ,   Clinic of Medical Oncology Elias Emergency University Hospital, Romania, NITIPIR Cornelia ,   Clinic of Medical Oncology Elias Emergency University Hospital, Romania
Published: December 2023

Objectives: Treatment of patients with non-small cell lung cancer continues to evolve and the discovery and approval of tyrosine kinase inhibitors in patients with NSCLC and targetable alterations brought an important contribution in treating these patients. Material and Methods: This review aims to describe the main alterations that can affect the signaling pathways involved in NSCLC, present the therapy that can target these alterations and describe the mechanisms that can determine resistance to targeted therapy. Literature research was performed on PubMed and Google Scholar and 60 relevant articles were selected for the purpose of our review. Discussion: The data of the present research were structured in nine paragraphs, each one presenting the main alterations that can affect the signaling pathways in patients diagnosed with NSCLC, targeted therapy used in managing these cases and mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapy. Conclusions: Testing for molecular biomarkers should be mandatory for every newly diagnosed NSCLC patient in order to offer the most appropriate treatment.
The Assessment of the Vascular Risk for Facial Procedures using Thermal Scanning Imaging and Doppler Ultrasonography
Authors:   Department of Anatomy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, MUTU Daniela Elena Gheoca , RADUCU Laura ,   Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, “Prof. Dr. Agrippa Ionescu” Clinical Emergency Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, AVINO Adelaida ,   Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, “Prof. Dr. Agrippa Ionescu” Clinical Emergency Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, BOBIRCA Florin Teodor ,   Discipline of Surgery, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, PANTU Cosmin-Marian ,   Department of Anatomy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, DOGARU Iulian Alexandru ,   Department of Anatomy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, SLAVU Iulian ,   Department of Anatomy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, ABU BAKER Abdalah ,   Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, “Prof. Dr. Agrippa Ionescu” Clinical Emergency Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, FILIPOIU Florin Mihail ,   Department of Anatomy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, NITIPIR Cornelia ,   Discipline of Oncology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
Published: December 2023

Introduction: Surgical and non-surgical facial procedures have gained immense popularity thanks to their aesthetic benefits. Understanding the vascularization of the face and assessing potential risks is crucial to ensure patient safety and optimal outcomes. This study aims to evaluate the utility of thermal scanning and Doppler ultrasonography in evaluating the vascular risk for facial procedures. Material and Methods: A cohort of 60 patients were included in this prospective study. Preoperative thermal scanning and Doppler ultrasonography were performed in order to visualize the facial vasculature and identify potential areas of risk. Results: For 30 patients, we performed preprocedural Doppler ultrasound imaging and thermal scanning at the injection site. Only 6.66% of them suffered vascular complications, whilst 23.33% among those who didn’t undergo ultrasound and thermoscanning suffered vascular injuries. The combined use of these tools proved to be valuable in assessing the vascular risk for facial procedures. The findings emphasize the importance of preoperative assessment to identify patients at risk for vascular complications. Conclusions: Thermal scanning and Doppler ultrasonography offer a comprehensive approach to assessing the vascular risk for facial procedures. By ensuring the identification of abnormal vascular patterns and altered blood flow dynamics, these techniques enhance patient safety and procedure planning.
Optimizing Non-living Models for Effective Microsurgical Training
Authors:   Clinic of Plastic Surgery, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Microsurgery, Clinical Emergency Hospital Bucharest, Romania, GROSU-BULARDA Andreea , CRETU Andrei ,   Clinic of Plastic Surgery, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Microsurgery, Clinical Emergency Hospital Bucharest, Romania, HODEA Florin-Vlad ,   Clinic of Plastic Surgery, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Microsurgery, Clinical Emergency Hospital Bucharest, Romania, BORDEANU-DIACONESCU Eliza-Maria ,   Clinic of Plastic Surgery, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Microsurgery, Clinical Emergency Hospital Bucharest, Romania, VANCEA Cristian-Vladimir ,   Clinic of Plastic Surgery, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Microsurgery, Clinical Emergency Hospital Bucharest, Romania, CACIOR Stefan ,   Clinic of Plastic Surgery, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Microsurgery, Clinical Emergency Hospital Bucharest, Romania, RATOIU Vlad-Alin ,   Clinic of Plastic Surgery, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Microsurgery, Clinical Emergency Hospital Bucharest, Romania, DUMITRU Catalina-Stefania ,   Clinic of Plastic Surgery, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Microsurgery, Clinical Emergency Hospital Bucharest, Romania, HARIGA Cristian Sorin ,   Clinic of Plastic Surgery, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Microsurgery, Clinical Emergency Hospital Bucharest, Romania, LASCAR Ioan ,   Clinic of Plastic Surgery, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Microsurgery, Clinical Emergency Hospital Bucharest, Romania, TEODOREANU Razvan Nicolae ,   Clinic of Plastic Surgery, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Microsurgery, Clinical Emergency Hospital Bucharest, Romania
Published: December 2023

Microsurgery, a pivotal surgical field that changed medical perspectives in the 20th century, presents numerous technical challenges due to the precision it requires from the surgeon. To acquire the requisite skills, comprehensive training is imperative. Initiation into microsurgical training on experimental models is a prerequisite before translating these skills to clinical applications. The employment of non-living models in medical training offers a myriad of advantages, notably characterized by their accessibility and cost-effectiveness. Non-living models, such as latex gloves, leaves, flower petals, silicon tubes and chicken legs, provide aspiring microsurgeons an opportunity to train the essential technical skills required in microsurgical practice. Such models significantly alleviate ethical concerns associated with the use of live specimens and human cadaveric models. Furthermore, they exhibit a satisfactory emulation of human vascular properties, providing a realistic context for medical practice. Although the primary focus of this paper is on non-living models, it is important to highlight the transition to living models, specifically small animal models, as a mandatory and advanced phase in microsurgical training, before translating to clinical practice.
Macromastia Surgery: a Proven Approach Perfected Over 25 Years in Plastic Aesthetic Surgery
Authors:   Clinic of Plastic-Aesthetic Surgery and Reconstructive Microsurgery, “Bagdasar Arseni Clinical Emergency Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, TURCU Eugen Gabriel
Published: December 2023

Macromastia is a rare condition in women and is characterized by an abnormal growth of the mammary glands. Macromastia is considered breast hypertrophy in which the excess of breast glandular tissue exceeds 3% of the total body weight1. In specialized literature, the term gigantomastia is also used7. Some authors consider the term macromastia synonymous with gigantomastia, especially since the repercussions on the general state of the body are the same. Other authors consider that the two terms, macromastia or gynecomastia, are not synonymous7. Currently, there is no unanimous agreement on the definition of the two terms. The article presents my experience of 25 years in the surgical management of macromastia (gigantomastia) on a number of 364 cases. The surgical solution was based on the use of the modified McKissock technique (if the breast resection involved the excision of up to 1.5 kg of mammary gland from the level of a single breast) or the breast reduction with a free areola graft in the Pitanguy technique (if the resection involved more than 1.5 kg and the positioning of the new areola exceeds 15 cm from the level of the submammary groove. The clinical evaluation is very important for establishing the surgical management. The benefits of breast reduction in these cases are evident immediately postoperatively.
Monocyte to HDL Cholesterol Ratio (MHR) and Monocyte to Lymphocyte Ratio (MLR) in Overweight and Obese Women
Authors:   Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University, Indonesia, SOESILO Novitasari , HENDRIANINGTYAS Meita ,   Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University, Indonesia, RACHMA Devi Elvina ,   Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University, Indonesia, LIMIJADI Edward Kurnia Setiawan ,   Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University, Indonesia
Published: December 2023

Background: The prevalence of obesity and overweight in Indonesian women will continue to increase. Obesity and overweight conditions are often associated with low-grade inflammatory conditions and metabolic syndrome. The ratio of monocytes to HDL cholesterol (RMH) and the ratio of monocytes to lymphocytes (RML) are easy tests to monitor inflammation associated with increased body mass index and cardiovascular disorders due to metabolic syndrome. Objective: To analyze the differences in RMH and RML in obese and overweight women. Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted in the outpatient laboratory at the Diponegoro National Hospital (RSND). This study included 55 overweight women (BMI 25.00 – 29.99 kg/m2) and 55 obese women (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2), healthy, aged 25-45 years. Research subjects were excluded with the criteria of not having hypertension, liver disorders, and diabetes mellitus. RMH is obtained by dividing the absolute monocyte count by HDL cholesterol. RML is obtained by dividing the absolute monocyte and lymphocyte counts. Monocyte and lymphocyte numbers were obtained by examining a Complete Blood Count (CBC) using an automatic hematology analyzer. HDL cholesterol levels were measured by enzymatic methods using a clinical chemistry analyzer. Statistical analysis with the Mann-Whitney test. Results: There is a difference in RMH between obese and overweight women (p = 0.003). There was no difference in RML (p = 0.342) between the two groups. Conclusion: Obese women have a significantly higher RMH than overweight. RMH can be used as an assessment of inflammatory conditions and is used as a clinical alert for various health problems in obese and overweight women
Using Descriptive Logic in Intelligent Educational Systems
Authors: Tkachenko Kostiantyn
Published: December 2023

The purpose of the article is to study and solve the problems of using the basic principles of the modern formalism of descriptive (terminological) logic in intelligent learning systems that use knowledge bases of educational content.
The research methods are the main methodological approaches and technological tools for the development of intelligent learning systems. In particular, systemic and comparative analyses to identify the features of intelligent learning systems, the method of expert evaluation, which involves the analysis of literature and information resources, interviews and surveys of experts in the field of information technology and mathematical logic, as well as the process of developing and testing an intelligent system.
The scientific novelty of the study is the development of a system for obtaining expert knowledge for an intelligent system that combines the formation of an expert knowledge base, and the formalism for representing which is descriptive logic. The proposed approach of formalized knowledge representation using descriptive logic can be used in the development of authors’ intelligent learning systems in the field of online education and cognitive skills development.
Conclusions. The scope of application of descriptive logic in intelligent systems is constantly expanding, increasing the capabilities of these systems to formally derive new knowledge, including in conditions of incomplete certainty.
Descriptive logic, used in intelligent learning systems, provides ample opportunities for building a conclusion (i.e., forming an answer), in particular in situations such as forming and answering various types of queries to the system’s knowledge base (e.g., fully defined and clearly formulated, incompletely defined and vaguely formulated, completely vague, incompletely defined and clearly formulated, completely vague, completely vague and vaguely formulated), helping to specify the query. To do this, it is necessary to formulate a rigorous number system (to build an axiomatic theory). Thus, as a means of solving semantic and logical problems, descriptive logic has become a unique and powerful mechanism for representing knowledge.
The successful use of descriptive logic in the author’s intelligent educational system will ensure the improvement of the quality of the educational process; monitoring of the learning process and control of its results; will facilitate the integration of this system into many modern information educational systems; will provide various consultations, advice, interpretations, explanations regarding the educational content or educational process, as well as a wide range of topics of educational content and tests of different levels.
Cycling Past 50: A Closer Look into the World of Older Cyclists, Year 4 Survey
Authors: Kachadoorian Carol
Published: December 2023

This document reports on approximately 5,000 responses to a North American survey of older adults who cycle. The survey, open from August 2021 through March 2022, included questions that captured a person’s cycling over their life course, as well as their current cycling styles, habits, and preferences. Responses reflect the impact of various factors on an older adult’s cycling habits with respect to their ability and agility and their expectation to continue cycling. The survey asked about falls and near misses in the past-year coding fall descriptions into six categories and sorting them by the respondent’s gender and age. The survey’s Visual Preference questions offered photos of cycling contexts and asked respondents to select four to six options for traveling within each context, then scored its safety and comfort level between 1 and 5. Key takeaways include: many older adults can continue to cycle as they age by using a different bicycle, establishing a different expectation with regard to cycling, finding others to cycle with, and using safe and comfortable cycling facilities. Survey questions about e-bikes, adult trikes, and tandems show the variety of bicycle types available, but point to the need for higher-capacity bikeways and education about sharing bikeways safely. The report ends with several issues for further consideration, including risks for older cyclists of color, ways that caregiving can enhance or reduce cycling benefits, and how injury recovery can affect a return to cycling, or not. The population of older adults is growing, and examining the needs of this group ensures a community’s ability to create environments conducive to equitable mobility for all.
Types of therapeutic allergens and their characteristics
Authors:   Kazan State Medical University, VASILEVA A. A. , BAREYCHEVA O. A. ,   Republic Clinical Hospital
Published: December 2023

Allergen-specific immunotherapy (ASIT) is known to be a course-modifying treatment of allergic diseases. This includes reduction in disease progression, declined risks of complications, minimization of further sensitization to allergens, and decreased risk of bronchial asthma development in patients with allergic rhinitis. The article presents characteristics and composition of various medication allergens used for allergen-specific immunotherapy. The authors describe salt extracts of allergens used for subcutaneous ASIT; allergoids received by allergen polymerization with formaldehyde or by carbamoylation; allergens adsorbed on calcium phosphate suspension or aluminum hydroxide used for subcutaneous ASIT; and allergens for sublingual use. Besides, perspectives in allergen synthesis are described, including creation of recombinant allergens. It is also showed how improvement in therapeautical allergens’ preparation influences their effectiveness and safety of use and creates more possibilities in allergens application.
Pathogenetic connections of cytokine and oxidative states of patients with tick-borne rickettsiosis caused by R. Heilongjiangensis
Authors:   Far Eastern State Medical University, MOKRETSOVA E. V. , TOMILKA G. S. ,   Far Eastern State Medical University, KOVALSKIY YU. G. ,   Far Eastern State Medical University, SHCHUPAK A. YU. ,   Far Eastern State Medical University, MALEEV V. V. ,   Central Research Institute of Epidemiology of Rospotrebnadzor
Published: December 2023

The purpose — to determine pathogenetic connections between the level of pro-inflammatory immunocytokines and oxidative stress indicators in the systemic blood circulation in patients with tick-borne rickettsiosis. Material and methods. The levels of some interleukins and indicators of the oxidant-prooxidant system in patients with a moderate form of tick-borne rickettsiosis caused by R. heilongjiangensis were researched and analyzed. Results. At the height of the disease, we found a statistically significant increase (p < 0.01) in the blood serum of all pro-inflammatory cytokines studied (IL-6, IL-8, TNF), combined with a significantly pronounced activation of free radical oxidation processes (p ˂ 0.0002). During the early convalescence period, there was a decrease in the level of IL-6 and TNF by 7 and 2.6 times, respectively (p < 0.0001), while the level of IL-8 statistically significantly increased twofold by the time of discharge relative to the height of the disease (p < 0.05). In the same period, oxidative stress indicators increased statistically significantly (p ˂ 0.0001) compared to the acute period: Ssp — 6 times; h — 1.3 times; Sind-1 — 1.3 times; Slum — 1.4 times; Sind-2 — 1.3 times. A correlation analysis revealed a significant direct relation between the content of the studied interleukins and chemiluminescence indices in the blood serum. Conclusion. Changes in cytokine status identified during the study in patients with tick-borne rickettsiosis caused by R heilongjiangensis, indicate the participation of interleukins in the disease pathogenesis. The increase in the level of reactive oxygen species during early convalescence may indicate that clinical recovery does not reflect the pathogenetic completion of the infection. The revealed correlation between indicators of cytokine and oxidative status testifies to their joint participation in the pathogenesis of tick-borne rickettsiosis caused by R. heilongjiangensis.
Clinical and laboratory characteristic of patients with COVID-19 and HIV
Authors:   Kazan State Medical Academy — Branch Campus of the FSBEI FPE RMACPE MOH Russia, MOISEEVA S. V. , BILALOVA A. R. ,   Kazan State Medical Academy — Branch Campus of the FSBEI FPE RMACPE MOH Russia, AKBEROV A. R. ,   Kazan State Medical Academy — Branch Campus of the FSBEI FPE RMACPE MOH Russia, KHAERTYNOVA I. M. ,   Kazan State Medical Academy — Branch Campus of the FSBEI FPE RMACPE MOH Russia, FATKULLIN B. SH. ,   Republic Clinical Infectious Hospital named after Prof. A.F. Agafonov, SIRAZIEVA F. K. ,   Republic Center for Prevention and Struggle against AIDS and Infectious Diseases
Published: December 2023

The purpose — to investigate the clinical and laboratory manifestations of the concurrent course of HIV and SARS-CoV-2 infections. Material and methods. We examined 76 patients with concurrent HIV and COVID-19 (with predominant circulation of Delta and Omicron variants of the SARS-CoV-2 virus), hospitalized between January and December 2022 at the Republic Clinical Infectious Hospital named after Professor A.F. Agafonov. The patients were divided into 2 groups, those who recovered (group I) and those with a fatal outcome (group II). All patients underwent laboratory and instrumental studies in accordance with Temporary Medical Advices version 17 (December 14, 2022); the HIV viral load and CD4+ T-lymphocyte level were additionally determined. Statistical analysis was performed using StatTech v. 2.8.8 and Statistica v.10.0 software. Results. Of the 76 patients with concurrent HIV and COVID-19 infections, 23.6% were newly diagnosed with HIV upon admission. The mortality rate in this category was 44.4%, all at stages 4B–4C. Comparative analysis of complaints from patients with concurrent infections showed that group II patients had complaints of unsteady gait and speech disturbances. Comorbid pathology was detected in 100% of patients with a fatal outcome. A significant inverse correlation was found between the level of CD4+ T-lymphocytes and the duration of SARS-CoV-2 virus shedding. Analysis of laboratory parameters during hospitalization revealed a statistically significant decrease in monocyte levels in group II patients throughout the observation period. Conclusions. A doctor should be cautious of unsteady gait and speech disturbances in patients with coronavirus infection and HIV, which may indicate possible involvement of the central nervous system. HIV patients with secondary diseases have similar complaints to those with COVID-19, complicating the timely diagnosis of coronavirus infection, especially when they have opportunistic diseases. The duration of SARS-CoV-2 shedding in patients with immunodeficiency due to HIV infection is related to the level of CD4+ T-lymphocytes. Decreased monocyte levels are a prognostically unfavorable factor for a severe course of the disease with an adverse outcome.
Autonomic dysfunction syndrome in patients who underwent COVID-19, at stage 3 of medical rehabilitation
Authors:   Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after Prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky, PETROV K. V. , MOZHEYKO E. YU. ,   Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after Prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky, SHANINA E. G. ,   Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after Prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky, PETROV A. V. ,   Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after Prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky
Published: December 2023

At the moment, post-COVID-19 syndrome is a poorly studied aspect of the past pandemic, the clinical signs of which largely coincide with the symptoms of autonomic dysfunction. When examining patients who underwent COVID-19, symptoms of the autonomic nervous system disorder are often revealed. The use of vegetative status assessment methods will allow detecting, confirming and adjusting a rehabilitation program for such patients. The purpose — to analyze the results of the vegetative status assessment in patients who underwent COVID-19, admitted to post-COVID rehabilitation. Material and methods. We examined 100 patients with a confirmed history of COVID-19 infection who were admitted for post- COVID-19 rehabilitation as part of stage 3 of medical rehabilitation. Results. Autonomic dysfunction was observed in two thirds of patients and corresponded to the complaints without correlation with clinical manifestations. The most common symptoms were asthenia and shortness of breath during exercise. After a comprehensive rehabilitation, positive dynamics was observed; however, residual phenomena requiring further correction persisted in patients with autonomic dysfunction. Conclusions. The data obtained confirmed that patients who underwent COVID-19 have chronic symptoms of post-COVID-19 syndrome associated with the autonomic system disorder.
Atherogenic disorders in adolescents with ultrasound signs of fatty hepatosis and hyperuricemia
Authors:   Northern State Medical University, MALYAVSKAYA S. I. , LEBEDEV A. V. ,   Northern State Medical University, KOSTROVA G. N. ,   Northern State Medical University
Published: December 2023

The purpose — to study the features and relationship of blood uric acid and metabolic atherogenic disorders in adolescents with fatty hepatosis. Material and methods. The study of atherogenic disorders included the following groups: 1 — adolescents with fatty hepatosis and hyperuricemia (n = 44), 2 — adolescents with fatty hepatosis and normal blood uric acid levels (n = 76), 3 (comparison group) — adolescents without acute and chronic diseases (n = 220). The study results showed higher values of average body mass index, waist circumference, triglycerides, total lipid peroxidation, glucose, HOMA index, insulin, C-reactive protein, and lower values of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and 25-hydroxyvitamin D in the group of adolescents with fatty hepatosis and hyperuricemia, compared to the group with fatty hepatosis and normal blood uric acid levels and the comparison group. A correlation analysis in a group of adolescents with ultrasound signs of fatty hepatosis revealed a positive correlation of the uric acid level in the blood with the HOMA index (r = 0.45; p < 0.001), waist circumference (r = 0.45; p < 0.001), body mass index (r = 0.35; p < 0.001), insulin (r = 0.34; p = 0.007), glucose (r = 0.31; p < 0.024), total lipid peroxidation (r = 0.41; p < 0.015), triglycerides (r = 0.36; p = 0.014), and C-reactive protein (r = 0.31; p = 0.007), and a negative correlation with the 25-hydroxyvitamin D level (r = — 0.38; p = 0.001). Conclusions. The study showed the possibility to use blood uric acid levels in fatty hepatosis in adolescents as an indicator of atherogenic metabolic disorders: insulin resistance, lipid peroxidation, dyslipidemia, chronic inflammation, and 25(OH)D insufficiency.
Morbidity of young children born with the use of assisted reproductive technologies
Authors:   Republic Clinical Hospital, MIKHEEVA E. M. , PENKINA N. I. ,   Izhevsk State Medical Academy
Published: December 2023

Studying the morbidity of young children conceived with the help of assisted reproductive technologies (ART) is important for improving medical care. The purpose — to study the morbidity of young children born with the use of assisted reproductive technologies. Material and methods. A retrospective examination involved 82 young children born with the use of assisted reproductive technologies, including 35 full-term and 47 premature babies. The comparison group consisted of children of the first three years of life from spontaneous pregnancies, of which 45 were full-term and 31 premature babies. Results. Respiratory diseases in full-term (p = 0.006) and premature (p = 0.032) babies conceived with the use of ART occupy a leading place in the structure of somatic pathology at an early age. The formation of resistance in young children conceived with the use of ART is influenced by: being born small to gestational age (p < 0.001), early start of artificial feeding (p < 0.001), anemia (p = 0.014), the presence of allergic diseases (p < 0.001), the lack of vaccination against Haemophilus influenzae infection (p < 0.001), non-rational use of antibiotic therapy (p = 0.001), smoking of one of the parents (p < 0.001). The factors that determine the formation of malformations in young children conceived with the use of ART are: the age of the mother (p = 0.019) and the father over 31 years (p = 0.017), the onset of pregnancy from two or more IVF attempts (p < 0.001), acute respiratory infections before 12 weeks of pregnancy (p < 0.001), chronic gynecological diseases of the mother (p = 0.023). The consequences of perinatal damage to the nervous system were diagnosed in the majority of full-term (p = 0.001) and premature (p < 0.001) babies conceived using ART. Conclusions. In children of the first three years of life conceived with the help of assisted reproductive technologies, a high level of somatic and neurological pathology was revealed.
Thyroid and adrenal functions in babies born with low and extremely low body weight
Authors:   Republic Сhildren’s Clinical Hospital, SHAIDULLINA M. R. , SHAIMARDANOVA A. KH. ,   Republic Сhildren’s Clinical Hospital
Published: December 2023

The review summarizes the information concerning the endocrine system functional state of premature babies. It also analyses the results of studies of thyroid and adrenal glands — the organs that are most important for post-natal life adaptation. An attempt is made to monitor how the influence of endocrine glands functioning on the development of premature babies.
Bilateral cryptorchidism as a clinical marker for early diagnostics of congenital gonadotropin deficiency: clinical cases
Authors:   Saratov State Medical University named after V.I. Rasumovskiy, ORESHKINA E. M. , RAYGORODSKAYA N. YU. ,   Saratov State Medical University named after V.I. Rasumovskiy, BOLOTOVA N. V. ,   Saratov State Medical University named after V.I. Rasumovskiy, FILINA N. Y. ,   Saratov State Medical University named after V.I. Rasumovskiy
Published: December 2023

Bilateral cryptorchidism is a common symptom of congenital gonadotropin deficiency. Detection of congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (CHH) at an early age is important for preventing the long delayed puberty and timely initiation of therapy. The purpose — to identify СHH in boys with bilateral cryptorchidism based on hormonal examinations during mini-puberty. Material and methods. We present five clinical cases of patients with bilateral cryptorchidism, with CHH diagnosed in mini-puberty. The examination of 1–6 months old boys included tests of serum LH, FSH, testosterone, anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), and inhibin B. To assess the pituitary gonadotropic function, a test with a Gn-RH analogue was performed. Patients with established CHH underwent molecular genetic testing. Results. The basis for СHH identification were the low serum concentrations of gonadotropins, AMH, testosterone, and inhibin B in boys with bilateral cryptorchidism during mini-puberty. Mutations in the FGF8 and SPRY4 genes associated with CHH were detected in 2 patients. CHH as part of hypopituitarism was revealed in 2 boys. Conclusions. Hormonal examination of boys with bilateral cryptorchidism during mini-puberty allows establishing gonadotropin deficiency at an early age, to carry out a long-term control for patients, and to begin treatment timely. Hormonal examination during mini-puberty can be the basis for diagnosing both isolated CHH and congenital hypopituitarism.