bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Areas of Activity of the Agents of the Comintern in Europe in 1921–1925 (Based on the Materials from French Archives)
Authors:   Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, Bespalova Kseniya A.
Published: March 2022

This article dwells on the topic little studied in Russian and foreign historiography, namely, the intelligence work of foreigners in European countries in favour of the Communist International. The research involved documents from the Historical Service of the French Ministry of Defence and the French National Archives, in particular, the court cases of three French activists (J. Sadoul, A. Guilbeaux and R. Petit). The materials of the court cases were formed on the basis of the information gathered by the French intelligence about the activities of these people in European countries. The author of the paper, having analysed the above court cases, determined the chronological framework of this activity (1921–1925) and identified six areas of the Bolshevik agents’ work aimed to promote the communist movement in European countries. These areas included campaigning through organization and distribution of the Soviet press abroad; restoration of the cultural ties between the countries of Western Europe and Soviet Russia; propaganda measures in the occupied territories of Germany; establishment of additional contacts with representatives of the French Communist Party; attempts to revitalize the communist movement in Czechoslovakia and Turkey; and establishment of a link between the Comintern and the Italian and Swiss communists. The author comes to the conclusion that the agents’ activities in these areas had positive results. This example of cooperation between the European communists and leaders of the Comintern through French agents is a new page in the history of communism. It demonstrates the collaboration between the Bolsheviks and representatives of the opposition parties in France, Germany, Italy and Switzerland, actively mediated by French citizens, and personifies this aspect of the development of the world communist movement.
Mass Prisoner Disobedience in Corrective Labour Camps of Post-War USSR
Authors:   Krasnodar University of the Ministry of the Interior of the Russian Federation, Uporov Ivan V. , Perlik Maksim I.
Published: March 2022

This paper studies mass disobedience among the prisoners of Soviet corrective labour camps (CLCs) during the post-war years (1945–1956) in the context of Soviet corrective labour policy of that time. Noteworthy, there have been conflicting assessments of this aspect of the history of the aforementioned institutions. This research is based on the systematic approach as well as on the principles of historicism and objectivity. The main trends of Soviet corrective labour policy in the wake of the Great Patriotic War are identified; the contradictory nature of this policy is pointed out. On the one hand, documents were adopted to strengthen the rule of law in CLCs, including ensuring the rights of prisoners (e.g., the 1947 Instruction on Regimes in Corrective Labour Camps and Colonies), while on the other hand, the conditions in these camps for certain categories of prisoners were getting more strict (e.g., special camps were established by the Resolution of the Council of Ministers of the USSR in 1948). Further, the authors focus on revealing the main reasons behind mass disobedience of prisoners in the camps. In particular, during the post-war years more people were sent to CLCs convicted of aiding the Nazis in the temporarily occupied territories of the USSR, treason, espionage, sabotage, nationalist banditry, etc. According to the authors, in the overwhelming majority of cases it was these prisoners who organized large-scale mass disturbances, including protests. Disobedience on the part of prisoners was facilitated by the discrepancy between the imposed requirements and the actual conditions in the CLCs, as well as by the rudeness of the camp administration and some prisoners being strong ideological opponents of Soviet rule, etc. The fact that a significant number of prisoners were exempt from Beria’s amnesty (March 1953) acted as yet another catalyst. The authors come to the conclusion that, in spite of the large scale of prisoner disobedience in certain camps, it was generally not characteristic of the corrective labour system of the period under study.
Linguistic Worldview in the Communicative Space of the Healthy and the Sick
Authors:   Astrakhan State Medical University, Madzhaeva San’ya I. , Kislyakova Evgeniya Yu. ,   Volgograd State Socio-Pedagogical University
Published: March 2022

This article studies the linguistic worldview of healthy and sick people and its reflection in various spheres of communication. Examples of verbalization of important components of human health and disease are analysed here. For materials, the authors turned to the results of surveys, mass media texts, and TV projects. Based on the data studied, the following conditions for the development of healthy people’s linguistic worldview were singled out: positive thinking; linguistic ecological monitoring of language use and appropriate regulations in the state linguistic policy; strengthening the communicative component in the educational programmes in schools and universities. For the sick, these conditions are: manipulating a person’s communicative consciousness by means of language-game in TV projects, using negatively coloured vocabulary/information in mass media texts, and bastardizing the language. The authors established that the linguistic worldview of a healthy/sick person directly depends on his or her linguistic consciousness, which is formed under the influence of several factors, including the language, which plays a major role in creating cognitive and verbal structures of social consciousness. Further, it is noted that any society is prone to being divided into the healthy and the sick by the criterion of otherness, highlighting significant differences in their communicative behaviour and language use, which is reflected in the linguistic worldview that can be presented in the form of a semantic field with a nuclear and a peripheral zone. These zones represent a healthy (nucleus) and a sick (periphery) society. At the verbal level, various spheres of a healthy/sick person’s life, perceived positively or negatively, are mirrored in the person’s worldview. In this respect, a healthy society is thought of as more positive and ecological in terms of communication, while a sick society is seen as more negative and non-ecological. To prevent risks of failed communication, it is essential to create conditions for ecological communicative interaction.
The Orphic Myth About the Afterlife of the Soul in Plato’s Philosophy
Authors:   National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Obidina Yuliya S.
Published: March 2022

This article provides a comparative analysis of the semantic equivalents of Orphic ideas about the afterlife of the soul and Plato’s philosophical views. An overview of the leading research concepts of Orphism is presented; their strengths and weaknesses are analysed in the light of the new archaeological data. As a methodological platform, the maximalist approach was chosen, according to which the cult of Orpheus can be traced historically and its principles and practices can be identified. The basic idea is that mystical cults (including Orphism) are an organized system that is widespread throughout the Mediterranean region. The analysis of written, archaeological, and epigraphic data indicates that Plato’s system of views on the immortality of the soul is a theoretical explication of the “metaphysical” doctrines of the Orphic mysteries. It is proven here that Plato, using Orphic formulae in his dialogues, transmitted Orphic ritual traditions through his philosophical writings. In addition, it is demonstrated that Plato turned to the Orphic myth to explain such phenomenal and noumenal issues as the nature and the afterlife of the soul. A conclusion is made that the doctrine of the Orphic tradition can be reconstructed due to the systematic use of Orphic formulae by Plato, which also indicates the integrity of the Orphic teaching. Plato not only used the language of the mysteries, but also developed his own system of teaching Orphic rites on its basis. It was a kind of scientific methodology explaining the Orphic doctrine with the help of Socrates’ dialectical method. Thus, further research into Plato’s views on the afterlife of the soul will shed some light on the Orphic teaching in particular, and mystical cults in general.
Iran: Oil Crisis in Iran: From Nationalism to Coup d'État, by Ervand Abrahamian (book review)
Authors: Farzaneh Mateo Mohammad
Published: March 2022

Oil Crisis in Iran: From Nationalism to Coup d'État, by Ervand Abrahamian, New York: Cambridge University Press, 2021. 195 pages. $39.99.
Upaya Guru Dalam Meningkatkan Motivasi Belajar Siswa Pada Masa Adaptasi Kebiasaan Baru
Authors: Widiyanto Bayu , Abdul Halim Sidiq Muhammad , Saifuddin Zuhri Ervin
Published: March 2022

The New Habit Adaptation Period (IMR) or also known as the pandemic period is a period of new lifestyles that must pay attention to health protocols. MI Al-Azhar Senduro at AKB applies a blended learning model where the application is carried out alternately every day. However, many obstacles were encountered in its implementation. For example, limited time, students who are less enthusiastic when participating in learning, joking, not doing assignments, and also low student learning outcomes. This study used qualitative research methods. Data obtained by using observation, interviews and documentation. The target of this research is the fourth grade teacher at MI Al-Azhar Senduro. Efforts made by teachers in increasing students' learning motivation during the Covid-19 New Habit Adaptation (AKB) period by preparing for learning well and maximally, using interesting and varied learning methods and media, providing individual and classical motivation or advice, giving assignments with a competition system, carrying out daily tests, giving grades, giving punishment, giving rewards and finally reporting the results of the progress of students at school to parents.
MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA PADA MATA PELAJARAN PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM (PAI) DI KELAS V SD NEGERI 035 TARAI BANGUN KECAMATAN TAMBANG KABUPATEN KAMPAR DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE TANYA JAWAB TAHUN 2021
Authors: Salmawati
Published: March 2022

Penelitian tindakan kelas ini dilaksanakan di SD Negeri 035 Tarai Bangun Kabupaten Kampar yang berlokasi di Kecamatan Tambang Kabupaten Kampar Propinsi Riau  Sebagai  subjek  dari  penelitian  ini  adalah  kelas  V  tahun  pelajaran 2021/2022 dengan jumlah siswa sebanyak 22 orang, terdiri dari 12 laki-laki dan 10 perempuan.

Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tindakan kelas yang telah dilaksanakan pada pembelajaran PAI kelas V dengan menggunakan metode tanya jawab, maka dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa penggunaan metode tanya jawab dalam pembelajaran PAI di kelas V dan dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa. Hal ini dibuktikan dari nilai rata-rata hasil tes formatif, pada mata pelajaran PAI di kelas V diperoleh nilai pra  siklus  5.18, siklus I 6.45 dan siklus II 7.99  terlihat ada peningkatan yang signifikan dari setiap siklusnya.

Dengan demikian penggunaan metode tanya jawab dalam pembelajaran PAI di sekolah dasar dapat merangsang siswa untuk memahami dan menemukan pemecahan masalah yang ditemuinya selama proses pembelajaran, menemukan ide dan gagasan baru dalam memodifikasi keadaaan yang disaksikan langsung, menumbuhkan sifat kritis yang dinyatakan dalam wujud kemauan bertanya dan mengemukakan pendapat  serta melatih keterampilan siswa dalam mengkomunkasikan hasil suatu  kegiatan baik secara lisan maupun secara tertulis. Dengan kata lain, penggunaan metode  tanya jawab dalam pembelajaran lebih meningkatkan kemampuan pemahaman siswa, mengefektifkan pencapaian tujuan, baik tujuan secara umum maupun khusus dan meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa
CONTEMPORARY SCUFFLE OF WOMEN IN THE SELECTED NOVELS OF ANITA NAIR AND GITA MEHTA
Authors:   Research scholar, Department of English, Vels University VISTAS, Pallavaram, Chennai (TN) India, Nagarajan R , Sugantha Ezhil Mary Dr. E ,   Associate Professor, Department of English, Vels University VISTAS, Pallavaram, Chennai (TN) India
Published: March 2022

Women in India are frequently depicted as silent victims. They are portrayed as defenders of traditional Indian culture. They will be cast in a variety of roles in India, including mother, spouse, girl, sister, love, whore, and so on. The contemporary man-centered culture is largely responsible for this way of life. In Indian society, women placed a high value on helping others and being charitable. The primary focus of this paper is on Anita Nair’s novel “Mistress” and Gita Mehta's novel “The River Suthra”, which explores the perspectives on current female contemporary scuffle [1]. The portrayal of their memorable women protagonists and the feminist tone in their novels make them one of the most outstanding female Indian novelists in English. These narratives have an uncanny ability to penetrate closed worlds. The goal of this study is to learn more about Anita Nair and Gita Metha's abilities in the contemporary scuffle over the deeper components of a woman's personality in the selected novels.
Internet of Things (IoT) in Industry and Other Applications
Authors:   Department of Commerce, Sri Krishna Arts and Science College, Coimbatore.Tamil Nadu, India., Kalakumari Dr.T , Murugadhas Dr. Jehan ,   Networking/Internet and E-Security Section, IT Department, University of Technology and Applied Sciences-Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman.
Published: March 2022

Internet connects people along through enterprise and social verbal exchange like Mobile banking and electronic commerce. In the recent technology world, the growing Internet of Things (IoT) is all concerning connecting equipment and organizations through sensors, actuators and other electronic components. So, critical data from those systems can be accumulated and moves taken to enhance human productiveness and potency. IoT takes the object of inter-communication to a full high-level architecture. While IoT guarantees the manner to scale back wastes, fees and inconvenience while growing efficiency, the maximum vital elegance of this on coming years. Also, it enhances smart world to persuade environmentally cleaner, effective and a stronger high-quality of life
Farklı Ağırlıklar ile Yapılan Squat Sıçramanın Makine Öğrenme Yöntemleri ile Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: USLU Serkan , ÇETİN Emel
Published: March 2022

Kuvvet-Hız profili sporcunun performansının ve uygun olan antrenman programının belirlenmesi için hem antrenörler hem de araştırmacılar tarafından sıklıkla kullanılan bir test yöntemidir. Ancak test protokolünde sporcunun yüksek ağırlıklar ve çok sayıda tekrar yapması hem sporcu yaralanmasına hem de yorgunluk kaynaklı performansın doğru ölçülememesine sebep olmaktadır. Bu sebeple çalışma kapsamında farklı ağırlıklardaki sıçrama yüksekliğinin tek tekrarlı ölçüm verisi kullanılarak makine öğrenme modeller ile tahmin edilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmaya Akdeniz Üniversitesi’nde öğrenim gören 52 sporcu katılmıştır. Tüm katılımcıların öncelikle demografik özellikleri, ardından dikey sıçrama protokolüne göre dört farklı ağırlıkta sıçrama yükseklikleri belirlenmiştir. Ölçülen veriler normalize edilerek makine öğrenme modellerine girdi olarak verilmiş ve dikey sıçrama yükseklikleri tahmin edilmiştir. Beş farklı makine öğrenme modeli arasından dikey sıçrama yüksekliğini en yüksek başarı ile tahmin eden makine öğrenme modeli Gaussian Süreç Regresyonu olduğu gözlenmiştir. Sporcularda yaralanmaya sebep olabilecek yüksek ağırlıklardaki farklı sayıda sıçrama yerine tek tekrarlı sıçrama yaparak diğer ağırlıklardaki sıçrama yüksekliğinin belirlenmesi ile çalışmanın literatüre hem sporcu sağlığı hem de testin daha rahat uygulanabilirliği açısından literatüre katkı sağlaması beklenmektedir.
REPRESENTASI DIFABEL DI RUSIA DALAM FILM CORRECTIONS CLASS (KLASS KORREKTSII) KARYA IVAN TVERDOVSKY
Authors: Almira Alma , Aviandy Mochamad
Published: March 2022

Film sebagai media komunikasi massa secara sadar dan tidak sadar dapat memengaruhi bagaimana tindakan dan pemikiran masyarakat dalam memandang sesuatu. Ivan Tverdovsky pada tahun 2014, mengangkat film dengan tema isu difabel yang ada di Rusia melalui film ????? ????????? (Klass Korrektsii). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat representasi difabel pada film Rusia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis wacana kritis oleh Norman Fairclough dan didukung oleh teori representasi milik Stuart Hall. Metode analisis wacana kritis akan digunakan untuk mengungkap makna di balik dialog yang diartikulasikan antar tokoh yang terdapat di dalam film ????? ????????? (Klass Korrektsii), sedangkan teori representasi milik Stuart Hall untuk melihat kondisi di luar teks yang berhubungan dengan masyarakat atau budaya terhadap difabel di Rusia. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah masih ditemukan diskriminasi pada kelompok difabel di Rusia, meskipun telah tertera undang-undang yang melindunginya.
Analisis Debit Banjir Pada Perencanaan Saluran Drainase Daerah Padangsambian Kelod Ruas Jalan Gunung Salak
Authors: Ritaka Wangsa Anak Agung Ratu
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT: The Padangsambian Kelod area is one of the densely populated areas. This causes changes in the land use function from rice fields to housing, which reduces water infiltration, causing surface runoff. So that the author needs to calculate the flood discharge and drainage planning in the area. The stages in calculating flood discharge to planning drainage channels include looking for stations that affect, namely Ngurah Rai Station, Sanglah Station, Ship Station, conducting existing drainage channels. After that, calculate the total rainfall and maximum rainfall, which means that the data will be used for further calculations such as the consistency test of the Double Mass Analysis method, calculating the regional average rainfall, testing the selection of distribution, calculating rainfall, design the Log Person Type III method, calculating Rain intensity (Talbot, Sherman, Ishiguro), Calculating distribution suitability test (Smirnov Kolmogorov), Calculating flood discharge analysis (Rational) to dimensional calculations. In the analysis of the flood discharge, the flood discharge plan for the 5 year return period is 0.049 (m3/s)> the existing flood discharge is 0.030 (m3/s) so it is necessary to plan drainage channels in the Padangsambian Kelod area.
AUTOMATIC IDENTIFICATION AND QUANTIFICATION OF SAFETY RISKS EMBEDDED IN DESIGN STAGE: A BIM-ENHANCED APPROACH
Authors: Xiahou Xiaer , Li Kang , Li Funing , Zhang Zhenqi , Li Qiming , Gao Yuan
Published: March 2022

Design stage plays a decisive role in safety risk management of the whole life cycle for construction projects. However, existing research mostly pay attention to post-accident management and lack pre-management consciousness. Based on the concept of design for safety (DFS), this paper explains how design optimization can enhance the safety performance for construction projects. Firstly, use accident causality theory and trajectory crossing theory to clarify the logical relationship between safety accidents and design process. Then, identify risk sources of safety accidents in deep foundation pit of subway projects and form a safety management knowledge base. Thirdly, based on design and review rules in the knowledge base and improved FEC risk quantification method, quantify the design oriented subway construction safety risks. Finally, use BIM secondary development technology to realize automatic examination and visualization of safety risks. A case study was conducted to verify this research framework. This paper can be a supplement to the existing risk management theoretical research.
Time Evolution of the CMB Quadrupole
Authors: Loeb Abraham
Published: March 2022

I show that the quadrupole of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) evolves more rapidly than previously expected, as a result of the acceleration of the Sun toward the Galactic center. The acceleration, measured most recently by Gaia EDR3, implies a fractional change in the quadrupole of ∼10−9 per year, an order of magnitude larger than expected from the evolution in the last scattering surface of the CMB.
Artocarpus altilis Extract Capsules Reduce Fasting Blood Glucose in Prediabetes
Authors: Sitorus Junedi , Hadju Veni , Jafar Nurhaedar , Amiruddin Ridwan , Syam Aminuddin , Mahmudiono Trias , Djabir Yulia Yusrini , Moedjiono Apik Indarty
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND: Management of prediabetes patients is essential to reduce the increased prevalence of type 2 diabetes. Prediabetes prevention strategies have been widely carried out with traditional medicine by the community.

AIM: This study aims to assess the effect of Artocarpus altilis extract on reducing fasting blood glucose of the patients in Maros Regency, Indonesia.

METHOD: The study was a double-blind, randomized controlled trial, dividing participants into intervention groups who received A. altilis extract (n = 37) and the control group who received placebo (n = 37). The assessment of fasting blood glucose through screening with a simple enzymatic method. A fasting blood glucose was then validated using the spectrophotometric method. The fasting blood glucose measurement was performed again after 28 days of intervention, besides physical activity, food intake, and education of prediabetes/diabetes prevention measurements. The A. altilis extract was developed after the cold maceration process using a freeze dryer at −60°C. The data were analyzed using chi-square, independent t-test, t-test, and Wilcoxon test.

RESULTS: Most participants were female (68.0%), 40–49 years (51.9%), and stay-at-home parent (70.3%). The baseline data reports all variables were not significantly different between the two groups (p > 0.005). There was a significant decline in the intervention group after the intervention (114.89 ± 6.6 vs. 98.73 ± 4.8, p < 0.001) and no changes in the control group (113.62 ± 6.6 vs. 113.59 ± 6.7, p = 0.768).

CONCLUSION: There is a significant reduction in fasting blood glucose in the intervention group who received A. altilis extract.
Health Literacy Perceptions and Knowledge in Pediatric Continuity Practices
Authors: Griffeth Elaine , Sharif Iman , Caldwell Alexandria , Townsend Cooper M. , Tyrrell Hollyce , Dunlap Marny
Published: March 2022

Background:

Low health literacy affects one-third of adults in the United States and can have a negative effect on health behavior and outcomes.

Objective:

The goal of this study was to examine attitudes and knowledge of health literacy among pediatric residents and faculty in pediatric resident continuity clinics across the country.

Methods:

An online mixed-methods survey was distributed to pediatric faculty and residents through the Academic Pediatric Association's Continuity Research Network. The 20-question survey included questions about the participants' health literacy knowledge and health literacy practices in continuity clinics, such as use of universal health literacy precautions. Categorical answer choices were dichotomized into positive and negative groupings and resident and faculty responses were compared using the Chi-squared test (significance
p
< .05). Qualitative data were analyzed using emergent coding and grounded theory to determine themes.

Key Results:

Responses were received from 402 individuals at 24 pediatric residency programs. Most participants agreed or strongly agreed that they could correctly identify participants with low health literacy (76% residents vs. 53% faculty). Only 19% of residents and 26% of faculty were familiar with universal health literacy precautions. Many residents and faculty had received no training in health literacy (37% residents vs. 38% faculty). Barriers and challenges around health literacy included time, language, limited training or resources, low literacy, disease mismanagement, and fixed misconceptions.

Conclusion:

Despite ample evidence in the literature to the contrary, most respondents believed they could correctly identify individuals with low health literacy. Additionally, most participants had not heard of universal health literacy precautions and were unaware of their usage in their practice setting. This is not consistent with current expert recommendations. These findings are troubling as they are from academic residency programs, indicating an educational deficit. These findings point toward a next step in health literacy education for pediatric residents. [

HLRP: Health Literacy Research and Practice
. 2022;6(1):e51–e60.

]

Plain Language Summary:

Pediatric residents and faculty in continuity clinics were surveyed about their opinions, health literacy knowledge, ability, and practices in continuity clinics. Despite evidence to the contrary, most respondents believed they could correctly identify individuals with low health literacy and had not heard of universal health literacy precautions. These findings highlight the need for more health literacy education for pediatric residents.
A variational method for Abel inversion tomography with mixed Poisson-Laplace-Gaussian noise
Authors: Kong Linghai , Wei Suhua
Published: March 2022

Abel inversion tomography plays an important role in dynamic experiments, while most known studies are started with a single Gaussian assumption. This paper proposes a mixed Poisson-Laplace-Gaussian distribution to characterize the noise in charge-coupled-device (CCD) sensed radiographic data, and develops a multi-convex optimization model to address the reconstruction problem. The proposed model is derived by incorporating varying amplitude Gaussian approximation and expectation maximization algorithm into an infimal convolution process. To solve it numerically, variable splitting and augmented Lagrangian method are integrated into a block coordinate descent framework, in which anisotropic diffusion and additive operator splitting are employed to gain edge preserving and computation efficiency. Supplementarily, a space of functions of adaptive bounded Hessian is introduced to prove the existence and uniqueness of solution to a higher-order regularized, quadratic subproblem. Moreover, a simplified algorithm with higher order regularizer is derived for Poisson noise removal. To illustrate the performance of the proposed algorithms, numerical tests on synthesized and real digital data are performed.
Optimal feedback control for a class of fed-batch fermentation processes using switched dynamical system approach
Authors: Wu Xiang ,   School of Mathematical Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, China, Hou Yuzhou , Zhang Kanjian ,   School of life sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, China,   School of Electrical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China,   School of Automation, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China,   Key Laboratory of Measurement and Control of CSE, Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
Published: March 2022

This paper considers an optimal feedback control problem for a class of fed-batch fermentation processes. Our main contributions are as follows. Firstly, a dynamic optimization problem for fed-batch fermentation processes is modeled as an optimal control problem of switched dynamical systems, and a general state-feedback controller is designed for this dynamic optimization problem. Unlike the existing switched dynamical system optimal control problem, the state-dependent switching method is applied to design the switching rule, and the structure of this state-feedback controller is not restricted to a particular form. Then, this problem is transformed into a mixed-integer optimal control problem by introducing a discrete-valued function. Furthermore, each of these discrete variables is represented by using a set of 0-1 variables. By using a quadratic constraint, these 0-1 variables are relaxed such that they are continuous on the closed interval $ [0, 1] $. Accordingly, the original mixed-integer optimal control problem is transformed intoa nonlinear parameter optimization problem. Unlike the existing works, the constraint introduced for these 0-1 variables are at most quadratic. Thus, it does not increase the number of locally optimal solutions of the original problem. Next, an improved gradient-based algorithm is developed based on a novel search approach, and a large number of numerical experiments show that this novel search approach can effectively improve the convergence speed of this algorithm, when an iteration is trapped to a curved narrow valley bottom of the objective function. Finally, numerical results illustrate the effectiveness of this method developed by this paper.
Two waves of COIVD-19 in Brazilian cities and vaccination impact
Authors: Lin Lixin ,   Department of Applied Mathematics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, China, Chen Boqiang , Zhao Yanji , Wang Weiming , He Daihai ,   School of Mathematics and Statistics, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian 223300, China
Published: March 2022

Backgrounds

Brazil has suffered two waves of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). The second wave, coinciding with the spread of the Gamma variant, was more severe than the first wave. Studies have not yet reached a conclusion on some issues including the extent of reinfection, the infection fatality rate (IFR), the infection attack rate (IAR) and the effects of the vaccination campaign in Brazil, though it was reported that confirmed reinfection was at a low level.

Methods

We modify the classical Susceptible-Exposed-Infectious-Recovered (SEIR) model with additional class for severe cases, vaccination and time-varying transmission rates. We fit the model to the severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) deaths, which is a proxy of the COVID-19 deaths, in 20 Brazilian cities with the large number of death tolls. We evaluate the vaccination effect by a contrast of "with" vaccination actual scenario and "without" vaccination in a counterfactual scenario. We evaluate the model performance when the reinfection is absent in the model.

Results

In the 20 Brazilian cities, the model simulated death matched the reported deaths reasonably well. The effect of the vaccination varies across cities. The estimated median IFR is around 1.2%.

Conclusion

Overall, through this modeling exercise, we conclude that the effects of vaccination campaigns vary across cites and the reinfection is not crucial for the second wave. The relatively high IFR could be due to the breakdown of medical system in many cities.
The Global dynamics of a SIR model considering competitions among multiple strains in patchy environments
Authors: Li Chentong ,   Guangdong Key Laboratory of Modern Control Technology, Institute of Intelligent Manufacturing, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China, Wang Jinyan , Xu Jinhu , Rong Yao ,   School of Mathematics and Information Science, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750021, China,   School of Sciences, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 713300, China,   College of Engineering Physics, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen 518118, China
Published: March 2022

Pandemics, such as Covid-19 and AIDS, tend to be highly contagious and have the characteristics of global spread and existence of multiple virus strains. To analyze the competition among different strains, a high dimensional SIR model studying multiple strains' competition in patchy environments is introduced in this work. By introducing the basic reproductive number of different strains, we found global stability conditions of disease-free equilibrium and persistence conditions of the model. The competition exclusion conditions of that model are also given. This work gives some insights into the properties of the multiple strain patchy model and all of the analysis methods used in this work could be used in other related high dimension systems.
Senior Entrepreneurship
Authors: Aggarwal Shikha , Tyagi Vidhi
Published: March 2022

The 50+ age group had made a significant contribution to the entrepreneurship and innovation agenda in the US. Similarly, entrepreneurs above the age of 50 constituted around 15% of all commercial startups in England. Senior entrepreneurship has been considered a promising way to manage the issue of aging population. Could India be the next destination for third-age entrepreneurship to find its calling? Should we acknowledge the advantages of senior entrepreneurship and sensitize the aging population and the governments toward it? In light of limited literature available for senior entrepreneurship, potential motivating factors or driving force are discussed. Furthermore, entrepreneurship in India is highlighted encompassing the status of entrepreneurship, policies and schemes promoting entrepreneurship, and opportunities and challenges for senior entrepreneurship. Finally, the chapter concludes with implications for practice in policy-making and in terms of encouraging senior entrepreneurship and its antecedents in the Indian context.
Imagined Futures
Authors: Johnson Phylis
Published: March 2022

This chapter offers a glimpse into the future through the lens of science fiction authors who have served as modern-day prophets. In that sci-fi books, short stories, films, games, popular music, and TV shows have informed global culture, the news media, too, has been influenced by these transformative narratives. From the turn of the 20th century, what was once considered preposterous or even blasphemous to contemplate became everyday reality in just one lifetime. For example, it would take just 67 years after French silent film director Georges Melies' “Le Voyage dans la Lune” (1902) depicted a rocket ship poking the “Man on the Moon” in the eye before CBS news anchor Walter Cronkite would take off his trademark black-framed glasses, wipe his tears, and exhale, “Phew . . . boy,” as the Apollo 11 lunar lander softly touched down.
The Future Electronic News Media
Authors: Johnson Phylis
Published: March 2022

This chapter addresses how technological and social changes will impact electronic news operations, prompting the rise of niche subscription services for many news operations, who enter the marketplace with a concierge approach to increasing profit margins at the risk of redefining meaningful news content. Artificial intelligence, drones, and demographics will complement as well as challenge the future of journalism. Entertainment news will benefit from new technologies the most, as extreme weather keeps many seeking at-home sports and immersive activities through virtual, augmented, and mixed reality.
Defamation in Cyberpunk
Authors: Moro Nikhil
Published: March 2022

The law of libel, which balances rights of expression and reputation, has found unique conceptual and ontological challenges in the virtual utopia of cyberpunk culture. A presumption that law is to sociology as ontology is to humans allows this essay to examine whether United States libel laws can reconcile with the ephemeral technologies and assertive demands of cyberpunk. In revisiting goals of libel law, the essay discusses the critical questions of whether bots and cyborgs have a reputation, whether artificial intelligence is more ideology than technology, whether legal positivism is moot, and whether post-professional and post-national environments will universalize the principles of libel law.
Some Results on Weighted Intuitionistic Fuzzy Soft Sets
Authors: Msirali Holyheavy , Onyeozili Ijeoma Abigail , Omeiza Ahmed Yusuf
Published: March 2022

A weighted intuitionistic fuzzy soft set (WIFSS) is an important generalization of intuitionistic fuzzy soft set (IFSS). In this research work, the authors define the basic binary set operations, such as union, restricted union, restricted intersection, extended intersection, restricted difference, sum, AND-product, OR-product, and some concepts on weighted intuitionistic fuzzy soft set. They also present some properties of the operations and established some fundamental results including various De Morgan's type of results in weighted intuitionistic fuzzy soft set context.
Improved MABAC Method for Multicriteria Group Decision Making With Trapezoidal Fuzzy Neutrosophic Numbers
Authors: Irvanizam Irvanizam , Zi Nawar Nabila
Published: March 2022

Many prestigious researchers have been exploring the issues of imprecision, inconsistency, and uncertain information in decision making, which are still challenges in developing a decision support system that is more feasible and efficient. This chapter proposes a new multicriteria group decision-making (MCGDM) strategy to overcome those issues. This strategy integrates the original MABAC method with trapezoidal fuzzy neutrosophic numbers (TrFNNs). First, the proposed method converts independent judgments from experts in the form of linguistic variables into TrFNNs and aggregates them using some aggregation operators. Next, it utilizes the functions of score and accuracy to rank the evaluated alternatives. By using the distance measure between the alternatives and the border approximation area, the proposed MABAC selects the best solution. Finally, the chapter illustrates an example of COVID-19 vaccine selection and a comparative analysis to show that the proposed MABAC has benefits to support indeterminate information and is more reasonable and practicable in handling MCGDM problems.
The Essence and Prospects of Forensic Accounting in Developing Countries
Authors: Alabi Abdulkadri Toyin , Ishola Abdullahi Omogbolahan
Published: March 2022

The necessity for forensic accounting has grown with the increased incidents of financial fraud. This is not unrelated to the inability of statutory audit to discover and prevent fraudulent acts. This chapter provides discussions on the need and prospects of forensic accounting in developing countries as it may address the prevalence of business failures and financial crimes resulting from audit failure and the growth of creative accounting. Although the chapter provides a general overview for developing countries, there is a specific focus on Nigeria, a developing country characterized by high level of corruption. The findings show that the use of forensic accounting is still at a very low level owing to the high cost of forensic accounting tools and the time and money involved in acquiring the requisite skills. The chapter recommends that forensic accountants nonetheless are suitable to eliminate economic crimes and corruption to improve growth in the economy in developing countries.
Deep-Auto Encoders for Detecting Credit Card Fraud
Authors: Kerenalli Sudarshana , Reddy Mylara C. , Ruby A. Usha
Published: March 2022

Internet-based payment methods in recent times are rapidly growing both in developing and developed economies. Credit card-based payment systems are among the prominent cashless payment methods in all economies. Credit card frauds by cyber-criminals are increasing in spite of several precautionary measures. Thus, fraud detection in real-time is a challenging task. Several machine learning tasks have attempted to solve the problem. This chapter proposes a two-step method to detect credit card fraud by coupling the deep learning-machine learning approaches. In the first stage, the dimensionality of the data set is reduced to 50% by a deep auto-encoder. A machine learning classifier classifies the instances in the second stage. Among the machine learning algorithms, the CatBoost and Random Forest achieved better performance. Their performance aligned with the state-of-the-art approaches. The proposed method is robust against the labor-intensive feature selection and imbalanced class problems.
Personalization in Adaptive E-Learning
Authors: Anoir Lamya , Khaldi Mohamed , Erradi Mohamed
Published: March 2022

In the face of technological innovation, the field of education has undergone a progressive evolution through the use of technology. Among the techno-pedagogical trend, the authors find the adaptive E-learning which is a new reform. This trend consists in providing personalized learning adapted to individual and collective needs, both in terms of learning pace and content. Through this chapter, they try to link personalization and adaptation. In a first step, they define adaptive e-learning after giving a historical overview of the different adaptive systems from open distance learning to e-learning as well as the components of adaptive systems. In the second part, they define the notion of personalization in adaptive e-learning and the pedagogical scenario. Finally, in the last part of the chapter, they propose an approach to design a personalized and adaptive learning system based on the pedagogical scenarios during the different types of pedagogical activities.
The Development and Impact of China's Digital Transformation in the Medical Industry
Authors: Yu Poshan , Xue Wenye , Mahendran Ramya
Published: March 2022

This research chapter sheds light on the digital transformations that are happening in the medical industry and primarily focuses on how digital transformation processes are introduced and adapted into China's medical industry. Furthermore, the authors explore the characteristics, socio-economic impact, changes in business models and consumer experience, introduction, and restructuring of relevant government policies caused by these digital transformations. They also bring to light the opportunities, challenges, and risks that may present in the future. The authors take two case studies for demonstrating the impact: first, the intelligent assistance system that leverages 5G+AI and, second, the body temperature monitoring system that leverages the IoT and Bluetooth. Through the comparison of these two successful case-studies, they can realize that the impact of AI technologies and thereby the digital transformations will play a major role in the future of medical industry. They also explore the problems of digital transformation in the field of medical care with the help of a few case studies like IBM Watson.
Exploring the Role of Flow in Augmented Reality for Mobile Retailing
Authors: Yang Shuo-Yun , Wanick Vanissa , Bazaki Eirini , Yin YuanYuan
Published: March 2022

Augmented reality (AR) try-on services have been proven to enhance customer engagement and purchase intentions by enabling users to experience the sense of flow. While few studies focused on the design principles of mobile AR services, little has been done regarding the role of flow in consumer experience whilst interacting with try-on services. This chapter reviews the current design principles of mobile AR and examines its influence in consumer flow state. Through a task-based semi-structured interview with consumers (n=9), it was possible to observe that all participants did not enter the flow state due to lack of perceived control and familiarity with the technology. Finally, this chapter provides recommendations for enhancing the flow experience of mobile AR try-on services. It is expected that this chapter might be of interest to retailers and researchers willing to explore mobile AR effectiveness through try-on-services such as the virtual fitting room (VFR).
The Augmented Retail Store for Augmented Customer Experiences
Authors: Caboni Federica , Hagberg Johan
Published: March 2022

Among technological changes currently influencing retail, the implementation of digital strategies to create more experiential retail stores has enriched customers' experiences. Interactive technologies such as augmented reality (AR) provide particularly promising possibilities. By using AR, retailers can develop strategies to attract existing and potential customers, while customers can experience shopping in augmented, immersive ways in which the digital and physical worlds are combined in an augmented one. Despite the several examples of the use of AR technology in retail, those instances have often been introduced with only a few specific features and with limited applicability. In response, this chapter introduces the concept of an augmented retail store as a more comprehensive integration of physical and digital elements. It may serve as a means to develop an augmented experience for customers and mutual benefits for retailers and consumers and thus provide value for both academics and practitioners.
Continuous Usage Intention Toward Interactive Mixed Reality Technologies
Authors: Lakkis Hussein , Issa Helmi
Published: March 2022

Through the theoretical lens of perceived characteristics of innovations (PCI) framework, the main purpose of this research was to examine whether perceived characteristics of interactive technologies—interactivity, hypertextuality, modality, connectivity, and virtuality were related to user involvement, which in turn were related to the intention to continue using interactive mixed reality platforms. An e-survey questionnaire was administered to active mixed reality technology users (n = 268) across the US. Findings revealed that interactivity, modality, connectivity, and virtuality were positively related to user involvement, whereas, hypertextuality showed no significant impact. Furthermore, the hypothesized relationships between perceived characteristics of interactive technologies and user involvement and between user involvement and continuous usage intention were greater for mixed reality platform users with high digital literacy than for those with low levels.
Human Resource Professionals' Intention to Use and Actual Use of Human Resource Information Systems
Authors: Al Mamun Abdullah
Published: March 2022

Human resource information systems (HRISs) are widely used and have a strategic impact on organizations. The fundamental objective of this paper is to reveal the predominant antecedents affecting their adoption and implementation by replicating the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) model from a South Asian emergent country perspective. The study collected data from human resource professionals employed in manufacturing and service companies located in Bangladesh, which were analyzed by employing partial least squares-based structural equation modeling software. It was revealed that performance expectancy, social pressure, and facilitation conditions significantly influence the intention to use and the actual use of HRIS, but that user’s effort expectancy had no significant impact. The study contributes by enriching the previous findings and validating the results based on relevant literature. Furthermore, managerial implications, the limitations of the study and suggested future study directions are presented.
Effects of Visuospatial Cues on Instructional Static and Dynamic Visualizations on Learner Mental Model Constructions
Authors: Yang Hui-Yu
Published: March 2022

This empirical study investigated whether progressive visuospatial cues presented in a self-regulatory mode could help learners understand the operation of a mechanical system. The learners’ prior knowledge and cueing condition were the independent variables in terms of investigating their effectiveness on retention and transfer test results. A total of 126 English as a foreign language (EFL) learners voluntarily participated in the study. First, their prior knowledge was evaluated. Then, they were assigned to one of the following experimental conditions:—animation-only, entity-cued animation, and arrow-entity-cued animation. Immediately after the experimental treatment, retention and transfer tests as well as a cognitive load questionnaire were administered to assess the learners’ test performance and cognitive load, respectively. The experimental results suggested that progressive snowballing cues were favorable in assisting learners' retention and transfer test results.