bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Validation of a Harmonic Acoustic Model for Duct-borne Noise & Vibration onboard Maritime Vessels
Authors: Nagarkar Atharva , Chaudhari Rajesh , Das Arnab
Published: January 2023

Noise & Vibration studies are one of the most important aspects of designing any dynamic system. Any machinery which has components having high inertia, rotating components, friction, losses and other random forces create excitations at various locations. Ducts are an excellent carrier of various types of vibrations which are created by these excitation forces and carry them to various locations. Thus, if excessive noise levels are generated and transmitted to different ship locations, there are possibilities of detrimental effects such as hearing disabilities for crew and passengers onboard, failure of equipments due to resonance, noise emission to surroundings, violation of stealth requirements etc. This paper primarily focuses on understanding the sources of noise & vibrations onboard marine vessels, transmission of these vibrations to various locations on ships via ducts and attenuation of the noise. Using the guidelines established by various classification societies such as American Bureau of Shipping, Bureau Veritas, Lloyd’s Register etc., a package written in Python is developed to calculate the theoretical attenuation across the duct system for a case under consideration. A harmonic acoustic model is created in ANSYS (R2022) software to replicate this noise & vibration scenario onboard ships for various duct subsystems. After the simulation is carried out, a comparison of the output of the Python package and ANSYS model is carried for attenuation of noise levels. This provides a basis for establishing the accuracy of the simulated model. It is found that the error is minimal and the 2 output results are in sync. Thus, this enables us to further improve these models for various ships and ensure the noise levels are restricted within the required limits.
Cropping system has stronger effect on Tobacco soil bacterial community than fertilization
Authors: Jin Xiufeng , Yang Xiaoqian , Peng Shuang , Ma Erdeng , Zhang Hong , Lin Xiangui , Wang Yiming , Li Junying
Published: January 2023

Purpose Soil microorganisms are involved in many key processes in the soil ecosystem, including nutrition cycling, organic matter turnover, and soil structure maintenance. However, their responses to fertilization and different tillage systems in tobacco soils remain poorly understood.
Methods In this study, we conducted a 19-year-long field experiment on rice-tobacco rotation cropping (R) and continuous tobacco cropping (C) with three treatments, i.e., no fertilizer (NF), chemical NPK fertilizer (NPK), and compost pig manure (OM). The composition, co-occurrence patterns, nitrogen cycle process of the bacterial communities and the soil properties were analyzed in the soils after tobacco was harvested.
Results The pH and AK in the group R soil were markedly lower than those in group C, the α-diversity index, and number of N-cycling genes were opposite. The phyla Chloroflexi, Desulfobacterota, MBNT15, and Nitrospinota, as well as number of low-abundancegenera, were significantly enriched in the rotation system. PICRUSt2 showed that the functional amino acid biosynthesis pathway, tricarboxylic acid cycle, and nucleic acid metabolism were significantly higher in group R than in group C. The application of OM in group C significantly increased the contents of soil nutrients and N-cycling genes, further changing the structure of the soil bacterial community. PERMANOVA suggested that variations in the bacterial communities and functions were more attributed to tillage systems than to fertilization practices.
Conclusion After 19 years of cultivation, the effect of tillage on bacterial communities in tobacco soil was greater than that of fertilization. Together, these findings increase our understanding of the importance of land management and fertilization in shaping the soil bacterial of tobacco.
Students' Psychic Health Differs Significantly from Their Mental Health
Authors: Kwatra Ishita
Published: January 2023

The disparity in students' psychological and mental health was the focus of this research. Both male and female students were included in the sample size of 240 students (120 men and 120 women). The Psychological Well Being Scale was used as the technique for measuring happiness in the study (PWBS). Which was developed by Professor S.N. Rai; the "Mental Health Battery" used to assess it was created by researchers A.K. Singh and Alpana Sen Gupta. As a result of a recent study that measured students' psychological and mental health, researchers discovered that male and female students' psychological and mental health fare differently.
Single-cell analysis reveals novel clonally expanded monocytes associated with IL1β-IL1R2 pair in acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy
Authors: Li Meng , Song Jihe , Yin Pengqi , Chen Hongping , Wang Yingju , Xu Chen , Jiang Fangchao , Wang Haining , Han Baichao , Du Xinshu , Wang Wei , Li Guozhong , Zhong Di
Published: January 2023

Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is an autoimmune disorder wherein the composition and gene expression patterns of peripheral blood immune cells change significantly. It is triggered by antigens with similar epitopes to Schwann cells that stimulate a maladaptive immune response against peripheral nerves. However, an atlas for peripheral blood immune cells in patients with GBS has not yet been constructed. Herein, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from healthy donors and patients with acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (AIDP) at the peak and convalescent stages. Our study identified a novel clonally expanded CD14+ CD163+ monocyte subtype in the peripheral blood of patients with AIDP, and it was enriched in cellular response to IL1 and chemokine signaling pathways. Furthermore, we observed increased IL1β-IL1R2 cell-cell communication between CD14+ and CD16+ monocytes. In short, by analyzing the single-cell landscape of the PBMCs in patients with AIDP we hope to widen our understanding of the composition of peripheral immune cells in patients with GBS and provide a theoretical basis for future studies.
Development of a nomogram for the prediction of complicated appendicitis during pregnancy
Authors: Zheng Xiaosong , He Xiaojun
Published: January 2023

Background: Complicated appendicitis during pregnancy directly affects the clinical prognosis of both mother and fetus. However, accurate identification of complicated appendicitis in pregnancy is fraught with various challenges. The purpose of this study was to identify the risk factors and to develop a useful nomogram to predict complicated appendicitis during pregnancy.
Methods: This retrospective study involved pregnant women who underwent appendectomy at the Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Provincial from May 2016 to May 2022 and who ultimately had histopathologically confirmed acute appendicitis. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were applied to analyze clinical parameters and imaging features as a way to identify risk factors. Then, nomogram and scoring systems predicting complicated appendicitis in pregnancy were constructed and evaluated. Finally, the potential non-linear association between risk factors and complicated appendicitis was analyzed using restricted cubic splines.
Results: Three indicators were finally identified for the construction of the nomogram: gestational weeks, CRP, and NEUT%. To improve the clinical utility, the gestational weeks were divided into three periods (first trimesters, second trimesters, and third trimesters), while the optimal cut-offs for CRP level and NEUT% were found to be 34.82 mg/L and 85.35%, respectively. Multivariate regression analysis showed that third trimester (P=0.013, OR=16.81), CRP level ≥34.82 mg/L (P=0.007, OR=6.24) and NEUT% ≥85.35% (P=0.011, OR=18.05) were independent risk factors for complicated appendicitis. The AUC of the nomogram predicting complicated appendicitis in pregnancy was 0.872 (95% CI: 0.803-0.942). In addition, the model was shown to have excellent predictive performance by plotting calibration plots, DCA, and clinical impact curves. When the optimal cut-off point of the scoring system was set at 12, the corresponding AUC, sensitivity, specificity, PLR, NLR, PPV, and NPV values were AUC: 0.869(95% CI: 0.799-0.939),100%, 58.60%, 2.41, 0, 42%, and 100%, respectively. The restricted cubic splines revealed a linear relationship between these predictors and complicated appendicitis during pregnancy.
Conclusions: The nomogram utilizes a minimum number of variables to develop an optimal predictive model. Using this model, the risk of developing complicated appendicitis in individual patients can be determined so that reasonable treatment choices can be made.
Fingerprinting of Phosphorus in river sediments using the structural equation modeling
Authors: Ebrahimi Eisa , Asadi Hossein , Rahmani Mohammad , Bayat Hossein
Published: January 2023

Phosphorus (P) is transported into the water resources mainly due to soil erosion. Accumulation of P in water bodies leads to the subsequent eutrophication phenomenon. Using the structural equation modeling, this study investigated the relative contribution of different P-producing sources in the Pasikhan river watershed, south of the Caspian Sea, Northern Iran. For this purpose, 79 surface soil samples and 14 suspended sediments were taken from the potential P sources and the river. These sources included undisturbed and degraded rangelands, forests, rice fields, tea gardens, and gullies. Phosphorus transfer is mainly associated with the movement of clay particles. Therefore, clay was used as an intermediary parameter to make the modeling more reliable. The implemented structural equations in PLS software were used for modeling purposes. The overall model fitting index (goodness of fit,GOF=0.591) showed the model's strong forecasting capability. The results of the T-values test also showed that undisturbed rangelands (T-values=1.67) and forests (T-values=1.31) have no significant effect on the river's P content. Degraded rangelands, gullies, rice fields, and tea gardens significantly contribute to P in the river sediments. In particular, the highest contribution was related to degraded rangelands (intensity of the effect=0.63) and gullies (intensity of the effect=0.47). Finally, the results showed that gullies' contribution was 28.26% to the P production in river sediments, while the other sources had a relatively equal contribution (degraded rangelands=27.5%; tea gardens=23.9%; rice fields=20.3%). Overall, the results confirmed that structural equation modeling is a robust and efficient approach to identifying P sources.
Combined SPT and FCS methods reveal a mechanism of RNAP II oversampling in cell nuclei
Authors: Fournier Marie , Leclerc Pierre , Leray Aymeric , Champelovier Dorian , Agbazahou Florence , Bidaux Gabriel , Furlan Alessandro , Héliot Laurent
Published: January 2023

Gene expression orchestration is a key question in fundamental and applied research. Different models for transcription regulation were proposed, yet the dynamic regulation of RNA polymerase II (RNAP II) activity remains a matter of debate. To improve our knowledge of this topic, we investigated RNAP II motility in eukaryotic cells by combining Single Particle Tracking (SPT) and Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy (FCS) techniques, to take advantage of their different sensitivities in order to analyze together slow and fast molecular movements. Thanks to calibrated samples, we developed a benchmark for quantitative analysis of molecular dynamics, to eliminate the main potential instrumental biases. We applied this workflow to study the diffusion of RPB1, the catalytic subunit of RNAP II. By a cross-analysis of FCS and SPT, we could highlight different RPB1 motility states and identifyed a stationary state, a slow diffusion state, and two different modes of subdiffusion. Interestingly, our analysis also unveiled the oversampling by RPB1 of nuclear subdomains. Based on these data, we propose a novel model of spatio-temporal transcription regulation. Altogether, our results highlight the importance of combining microscopy approaches at different time scales to get a full insight into the real complexity of molecular kinetics in cells.
A combination between Adaptive Neuro-fuzzy inference system and neural network for mobile robot dynamic obstacles avoidance
Authors: Yosif Zead , Mahmood Basil Shukr , Alkhayat Saad Z.
Published: January 2023

When a mobile robot has the ability to avoid obstacles while traveling is called an autonomous robot. There are various methods and techniques used to get a collision-free path until gets to the target point. The dynamic obstacle problems are handled by reactive mobile robot navigation techniques. In this paper, the problem of dynamic obstacle avoidance has been addressed by proposing a combination between an Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy inference system and a Neural network. The proposed system consists of three main parts. The first part was abstracted by using A* algorithm to get the initial path from the start to the goal point. The second part of the system classifies Obstacle(s). The classification estimate whether the obstacle is dangerous and may collide with the mobile robot or not. The relative velocity and distance between the mobile robot and obstacle (s) determine whether the obstacle(s) are dangerous or not. Bayesian regularization Back-Propagation Neural Network is used to train the data for obstacle severity classification. Where obstacle is divided into five zones where zone 1 is dangerous and zone 5 is safe. When obstacle gets into critical regions classified as dangerous. The third part of the system is related to avoiding obstacles if these obstacles are classified as a danger to the mobile robot. The Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System has been adopted in the process of avoiding obstacles during the mobile robot motion. Obstacle avoidance is a reaction taken by the robot to avoid collision with dynamic obstacles around it, which are classified as dangerous obstacles by the neural networks. Three important criteria were used as input to the Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System, which are the relative speed, distance, and angle between the robot and the obstacle, the output was a suggested steering angle and speed for the mobile robot. The simulation results for the tested cases show the capability of the proposed controller for avoiding static and dynamic obstacles in a fully known environment. The Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System enhances the performance of the proposed controller resulting in the reduction of path length, processing time, and the number of iterations.
Comparative study of solid waste management in gaMothapo and Seshego in Polokwane Local Municipality Limpopo province, South Africa
Authors: SM Sekgobela , Semenya K
Published: January 2023

The constitution of South Africa states that local government must provide waste management services which includes waste removal, storage and disposal services, but local municipalities with combination of urban and rural areas often struggle to find the balance in providing services to both areas. Solid waste collection frequencies are higher in urban areas than in rural areas. Therefore this study sought to compare municipal solid waste management in gaMothapo and Seshego in Polokwane Local Municipality, Limpopo, South Africa. To achieve the aim and objectives of this study, mixed method research approach was applied. The approach was in a form of qualitative and quantitative methods which were applied concurrently. Study participants were selected using non-probability convenience sampling for gaMothapo and Seshego households and non-probability convenience sampling for municipal workers. The comparison was based on household demographics, household waste management choices and municipal solid waste management services. Structured questionnaires were utilized to arrive at a detailed understanding of how the community of gaMothapo and Seshego manage their solid waste. Semi-structured interviews were utilised to understand how municipality manage solid waste in gaMothapo as compared to Seshego and observations at the collection points were also used to gather more information on solid waste management. This study found that Polokwane local municipality uses different methods to manage waste in gaMothapo and Seshego. The households in Seshego rely mostly on weekly door to door solid waste collection by municipality. The households pay for the waste collection services monthly through the rates which are added to households municipal bill and is payable to the individual municipal account. Households in gaMothapo are provided with weekly nodal waste collection services for free. Shortage of resources and infrastructure together with lack of community awareness in both areas were found to hinder an effective solid waste management by Polokwane Local Municipality. The study also determined that Polokwane Local Municipality prioritise the provision of better waste removal services than waste minimisation through community awareness, recycling and material recovery. This study recommends that waste management awareness in both study areas should be conducted regularly.
iGly-IDN: Identifying Lysine Glycation Sites in Proteins Based on Improved DenseNet
Authors: Jia Jianhua , Wu Genqiang , Li Meifang
Published: January 2023

Background
Lysine glycation is one of the most significant protein post-translational modifications (PTMs), which changes the properties of the proteins and causes them to be dysfunctional. Accurately identifying glycation sites helps understand the biological function and potential mechanism of glycation in disease treatments. Nonetheless, the experimental methods are ordinarily inefficient and costly, so effective computational methods need to be developed.
Results
In this study, we proposed a new model called iGly-IDN based on the improved DenseNet. First, one hot encoding was adopted to obtain the original feature maps. Afterward, the improved DenseNet was used to capture feature information with the importance degrees during the feature learning. According to the experimental results, Acc reaches 66%, and MCC reaches 0.33 on the independent testing dataset, which indicated that the iGly-IDN can provide more effective glycation site identification than the current predictors.
Conclusions
The experimental results of 10-fold cross-validation on the training dataset and independent test on the testing dataset showed that iGly-IDN outperforms the existing glycation site predictors and can identify potential glycated sites effectively. The iGly-IDN has proven to be both practical and reliable, which may also provide useful references for future research. To facilitate the research of experimental scientists, we developed an open online web server that can be accessible at https://bioinfo.wugenqiang.top/iGly-IDN/, which makes it simple to obtain the required results.
Experiences with facility delivery services within the context of a maternal neonatal health project in Gombe State, Northeast Nigeria A qualitative study
Authors: Al-Mujtaba Maryam , Shobo Olukolade , Oyebola Bolanle C. , Ohemu Benson O. , Omale Isaac , Shuaibu Abdulrahman , Anyanti Jennifer
Published: January 2023

Background
In Gombe State, the use of facility delivery services is low (27%), and maternal and child health indices are poor. The Gombe State Primary Health Care Development Agency in collaboration with a non-governmental organization (Society for Family Health) implemented a maternal neonatal health (MNH) project from 2016 to 2018. The project supplied essential health commodities to health facilities, provided pregnant women with cost-free emergency transportation, and implemented the Village Health Worker program. Village health workers are lay indigenous women trained to educate women on MNH care. They provided simple community-based maternal and newborn care through home visits and facilitated linkage to health facilities. We explored women's experiences with facility delivery services within the context of the MNH project.
Methods
Qualitative data were obtained through focus group discussions with women who delivered within the last 12 months. Participants were asked questions related to their experiences with the access and use of facility delivery services. Participants were also asked about provider gender preferences and the influence of family members on the use of facility delivery services. Data were organized with NVivo 12 (Pro for Windows) and analyzed using directed content analysis.
Results
Six focus group discussions were conducted with 58 participants. Mean age was 25.1 (± 5.3) years old. Thirty-seven 37 (64%) participants delivered in the facility, and 21 (36%) delivered at home within the last 12 months. All the women preferred facility delivery over home delivery for quality care. Furthermore, most women reported experiencing immediate and respectful care with facility delivery services, and healthcare workers' competence and attitude were more important than gender. However, use of facility delivery services was limited by the availability of local traditional birth attendants, absent husbands at onset of labor, imminent delivery, long distance to facility, expensive transportation fees, healthcare worker absenteeism and long clinic wait times.
Conclusion
Even within the context of an MNH project designed to improve use of facility delivery services, socio-economic and facility level factors could limit women’s use of facility delivery services. Therefore, MNH projects should be designed to ameliorate the effect of these factors that limit use of facility delivery services.
Estimating river discharge from rainfall satellite data through simple statistical models
Authors: Birocchi Paula , Silva Danilo Augusto , Sasaki Dalton Kei , Dottori Marcelo
Published: January 2023

Quantitative knowledge of river discharge measurements is essential for understanding coastal and estuarine dynamics and salinity variations. However, direct measurements are scarce for a large portion of rivers in Brazil. In this study, five simple models based on remote sensing and local rainfall datasets (MERGE) from the Ribeira de Iguape catchment are used to estimate the Valo Grande Channel (VGC) discharge on the southeastern coast of Brazil. These models use linear, quadratic, exponential and two different multiple linear regression methods. The predicted VGC discharge time series resulting from each model is compared with the estimated time series based on in situ data from the Water and Electric Energy Department (DAEE in Portuguese). The estimated time series presented reasonable results, with skills varying from 0.84 to 0.92 and Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) indices varying from 0.54 to 0.75, with the highest values corresponding to the multiple linear regression models. This methodology allowed us to reproduce longer time series at a daily frequency, as well as monthly averages between 2000 and 2020.
Does the change of pelvic incidence predict the listhesis progression among pediatric patients with Low-Grade Spondylolisthesis
Authors: Alzakri Abdulmajeed.
Published: January 2023

Purpose
Observational studies suggest that most low-grade patients treated nonoperatively will have a successful clinical outcome. However, the changes in pelvic incidence as related to the risk of progression remain unknown.
Methods
The complete records of 301 prospective patients (129 males 172 females) with low-grade spondylolisthesis aged 12.3 years ± 3.1 years were reviewed. Radiological parameters (pelvic incidence, lumbosacral angle, and percentage of slip) and quality of life were measured at the first visit and a minimum 2-year follow-up. Patients with an increase in pelvic incidence by more than 5 degrees at the last follow-up were included in group 1, and otherwise included in group 2.
Results
The average follow-up time is 4.6 ± 2.3 years. The slip percentage was 14.6 ± 8.8 at the initial visit and 15.8 ± 9 at the last follow-up (P < 0.05). There were 66 patients in group 1 and 233 patients in group 2. There was no difference in slip progression or lumbosacral progression between the two groups. The pelvic incidence was 56.1 ± 12.9 at the initial visit and 58.7 ± 13.4 at the last follow-up (P < 0.05). There was a significant increase in pelvic incidence during follow-up. The change in pelvic incidence was not related to lumbosacral angle or slip percentage.
Conclusion
Pelvic incidence increased significantly during follow-up, but the changes in pelvic incidence were not associated with the progression of spondylolisthesis in terms of slip percentage and lumbosacral angle. Pelvic incidence is not likely to be a risk factor for progression in low-grade spondylolisthesis.
The prevalence of Lynch syndrome (DNA mismatch repair protein deficiency) in patients with primary localized prostate cancer
Authors: Oka Suguru , Urakami Shinji , Hagiwara Kiichi , Hayashida Michikata , Sakaguchi Kazushige , Miura Yuji , Inoshita Naoko , Arai Masami
Published: January 2023

Background: Prostate cancer is one of the most heritable human cancers. Lynch syndrome is an autosomal dominant inheritance caused by germline mutations in DNA mismatch repair (MMR) genes, which are also associated with an increased incidence of prostate cancer. However, prostate cancer has not been defined as a Lynch syndrome-associated cancer. The proportion of Lynch syndrome patients in primary prostate cancers is unclear. In this study, we investigated MMR protein loss using universal immunohistochemical screening to determine the prevalence of Lynch syndrome in patients with localized prostate cancer who underwent radical prostatectomy.
Methods: One hundred twenty-nine surgical specimens from radical prostatectomy performed at Toranomon Hospital between 2012 and 2015 were retrospectively tested using universal screening with immunohistochemistry staining for expression of the MMR proteins MLH1, PMS2, MSH2, and MSH6. For all suspected MMR-deficient patients, germline genetic tests focusing on MMR genes were performed.
Results: MMR protein loss was found in only one patient (0.8%) who showed dual MSH2/MSH6 loss. This patient showed a single nucleotide germline mutation from c.1129 C to T (p.Glc377*) at exon 7 in the MSH2 gene. He was diagnosed with a primary prostate cancer at 66 years of age. He had a documented history of Lynch syndrome (Muir–Torre syndrome) with previous colon cancer, sebaceous tumor, and keratoacanthoma as well as subsequent bladder cancer, all of which also showed dual MSH2/MSH6 loss. He also had a strong family history of colorectal and other Lynch syndrome-associated cancers. The pathological stage was pT3aN0M0, and the pathological grade was Gleason 7(4+3) with tertiary pattern 5.
Conclusions: In this study, immunohistochemical screening of MMR proteins for Lynch syndrome was performed in a series of prostate cancer cases. The prevalence of Lynch syndrome in localized prostate cancer was 0.8%, which is low compared with other Lynch syndrome-associated cancers.
The association between poverty, social assistance, and suicide-related behaviour in Korean older adults: a nationwide cohort study using health administrative data (2010-2019)
Authors: Kim Chungah , John Gabriel Dusing , Jin Hyunju , Chum Antony
Published: January 2023

Purpose
Suicide rates among older adults in South Korea are one of the highest in the world. Although prior research found that poverty is associated with suicide mortality among older adults in Korea, it is unknown whether being a recipient of social assistance may reduce suicide risk among older adults living in poverty. We examined the impact of the public assistance program on suicide-related behaviour (SRB).
Methods
Data from a nationwide cohort in the Korean National Health Insurance Database, including demographic and medical treatment information, linked to the vital statistics for 2010-19 was used. The entire Korean population born before 1951 was included (n=7,889,086). Flexible parametric survival model was performed to assess whether the risk of SRB hospitalisation and death differed across a) different levels of income, and b) social assistance status among the poor, using gender-stratified models.
Results
Older age, chronic disease, poverty, and being out of the labour market were associated with higher SRB hospitalisation and death for both genders. Among those living in poverty, social assistance recipients had lower hazards for SRB death and hospitalisation, compared to the low-income non-recipients. Men who were non-recipients had 0.189 higher hazards ratio (95%CI 0.188 to 0.190) for SRB deaths compared to recipients, and the difference was 0.070 (95%CI 0.069 to 0.071) in women, with similar patterns for SRB hospitalisations.
Conclusions
Poverty was associated with higher SRB death and hospitalisation among older adults in Korea. Social assistance targeting the older population may help reduce SRB.
Prevention of incisional surgical site infection by subfascial closed suction drainage after open laparotomy
Authors: Isozaki Hiroshi
Published: January 2023

Background: Open laparotomy with gastroenterological surgery is a surgical procedure results in a relatively high rate (about 10% or more) of incisional surgical site infection (SSI). To reduce incisional SSI after open laparotomy, mechanical preventors, such as subcutaneous wound drainage or negative-pressure wound therapy (NPWT), have been tried; however, conclusive results have not been obtained. This study evaluated the prevention of incisional SSI by first subfascial closed suction drainage after open laparotomy.
Methods: A total of 453 consecutive patients who underwent open laparotomy with gastroenterological surgery by one surgeon in one hospital (between August 1, 2011, and August 31, 2022) was investigated. Same absorbable threads and ring drapes were used in this period. Subfascial drainage was used in 250 patients. The incidences of SSIs in the subfascial drainage group were compared to those of in the no subfascial drainage group.
Results:(a) No incisional SSI (superficial and deep) occurred in the subfascial drainage group (superficial = 0% [0/250] and deep = 0% [0/250]). As a result, incidences of incisional SSI of the subfascial drainage group were significantly lower than those of the no subfascial drainage group (superficial = 8.9% [18/203]; deep = 3.4% [7/203]) (p < 0.001 and p = 0.003, respectively). (b) Four out of seven deep incisional SSI patients in the no subfascial drainage group underwent debridement and re-suture under lumbar or general anesthesia. (c) There was no significant difference in the incidences of organ/space SSI of the two groups (3.4% [7/203] in the no subfascial drainage group and 5.2% [13/250] in the subfascial drainage group) (P = 0.491)
Conclusion: Subfascial drainage was associated with no incisional SSI after open laparotomy with gastroenterological surgery.
A Newly Improved Method of Primary Cell Culture: Tissue Block with Continuous Adhesion Subculture in Skin Fibroblast
Authors: Deng Qiyan , Liu Lumei , Tang Ran , Xian Dehai , Zhong Jianqiao
Published: January 2023

Background
Fibroblasts (FBs) have been widely used as a typical in vitro cell model for investigating the biological processes and cell pathophysiological mechanisms. However, FBs are prone to senescence in cell culture process after several passages. Thus, a new approach to cell culture is quite required to enhance the viability of cells.
Objective
To explore a novel method of primary cell culture based on skin FBs.
Methods
Dermal tissue blocks were obtained from BALB/c neonatal mice and randomly divided into experimental group and control group. The experimental group received the newly improved culture method, namely, continuous adherence subculture of tissue block (CASTB) method; while the traditional subculture method was applied in the control group. Cells at 1st, 5th and 10th passages were collected and identified by using histological/immunohistochemical and western blot analysis. Cellular viability, proliferation, senescence and apoptosis were analyzed through application of cell growth curve, CCK-8 assay, Ki67 assay, β-galactosidase staining, flow cytometry and western blot analysis.
Results
Cells under two culture patterns showed vimentin positive expression via immunohistochemistry and western blot assay. With the increase of passage times, the cellular growth rate in the control group gradually decreased, but no alterations emerged from the experimental group. CASTB remarkably promoted cell growth and proliferation. Besides, a lower apoptosis tendency emerged from the experimental group than the control goup with the increasing passages.
Conclusion
The method of CASTB may offer a large number of primary FBs with higher efficiency and success rate, which is worth of further popularization and application.
Efficacy and Safety of Three Inflation Methods of the Laryngeal Mask Airway Ambu Auraonce: a Randomized Controlled Study
Authors: Martínez Teresa Prim , Brogly Nicolás , Guasch Emilia , Díez Jesús , Gilsanz Fernando
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND: Laryngeal mask airway (LMA) is commonly used for airway management. A cuff hyperinflation was associated with complications, poor ventilation and increased risk of gastric insufflation. This study was designed to determine the best cuff inflation method of AuraOnceÔ LMA during bronchoscopy and EBUS (Endobronquial Ultrasound Bronchoscopy) procedure.
We designed a Randomized controlled, doble-blind, clinical trial to compare the efficacy and safety of three cuff inflation methods of AuraOnceÔ LMA.
METHODS: 210 consenting patients scheduled for EBUS procedure under general anesthesia, using AuraOnceâ LMA were randomized into three groups depending on cuff insufflation: residual volume (RV), half of the maximum volume (MV), unchanged volume (NV). Parameters regarding intracuff pressure (IP), airway leak pressure (OLP), leakage volume (LV) were assessed, as well as postoperative complications (PC).
RESULTS: 201 (95.7%) patients completed the study. Mean IP differed between groups (MV: 59.4±32.4 cm H2O; RV: 75.1±21.1 cm H2O; NV: 83.1±25.5 cmH20; P<0.01). The incidence of IP > 60 cmH2O was lower in the MV group compared to the other two (MV: 20/65(30.8%); RV:47/69 (68.1%); NV 48/67 (71.6%); p<0.01). The insertion success rate was 89,6% (180/201) at first attempt, with no difference between groups (p=0.38). No difference between groups was found either for OLP (p=0.53), LV (p=0.26) and PC (p=0,16).
CONCLUSION: When a cuff manometer is not available, a partial inflation of AuraOnceÔ LMA cuff using MV method allows to control intracuff pressure, with no significant changes of OLP and LV compared to RV and NV insufflation method.
Registration Clinical Trial: NCT04769791
Parasitic nematode Leidynema appendiculata present in the hindgut microbiome of non-pest cockroach species Blaberus discoidalis
Authors: Schnell Laura J , Khan Faraz , Hart Mel , Davis Maria C
Published: January 2023

Cockroach microbiome studies generally focus on pest cockroach species belonging to the Blattidae and Ectobiidae families. There are no reports characterizing the gut microbiome of non-pest cockroach species Blaberus discoidalis (family Blaberidae), which is commonly used as a food source for insectivorous animals. We discovered the parasitic nematode Leidynema appendiculata in the B. discoidalis hindgut during initial work characterizing the gut microbiome of this organism. To determine the proportion of the B. discoidalis colony that was colonized by L. appendiculata, 28S rDNA was amplified using two methods: endpoint polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP). B. discoidalis colonies were raised on three diet types (control, high fibre, and high fat and salt) for 21 days before dissection. Each individual was sexed during dissection to identify potential sex-based effects of colonization. Data collected were analysed to determine if diet and sex impacted parasite colonization patterns. LAMP detected a higher proportion of parasite positive samples when compared to endpoint PCR. No sex- or diet-based differences in L. appendiculata colonization were found. This study adds to the limited existing knowledge of the B. discoidalis gut microbiome.
The seeds of invasive plant Triadica sebifera never changed when they return to provenance for five years
Authors: Li Yu-Lin , Xiong Yun-Tao , Wang Chao-Nan , Jing Jie-Ren , Pan Zhi-Li , Wang Yan , Wang Yi
Published: January 2023

Successful germination and establishment of invasive plants is a key early step in the invasive process which influences the invasive potential. Previous studies have focused on differences in traits between native and invasive plants, but few studies have explored the evolutionary changes in seeds when invasive plants were reintroduced into their homeland. We planted seeds (F1) of 13 Triadica sebifera populations that invaded the United States into their native habitat (31°45′N, 114°39′E, Dawu, China) in 2014. After F1 seeds matured (2019), we collected their seeds (F2) and the seeds of 30 native populations. We tested the differences in physical and chemical properties, seed hormones, and germination traits between the seeds of reintroduced and native Triadica sebifera populations. Although we did not find significant differences in physical and chemical properties and germination traits between the seeds of reintroduced and native Triadica sebifera populations, generally the various contents in reintroduced Triadica sebifera populations were higher than native Triadica sebifera populations. Besides, we found that the seeds of reintroduced populations had significantly higher levels of abscisic acid (ABA) and three gibberellins (GAs) but significantly lower l-aminocyclopropane-l-carboxylic acid (ACC) and the ratios of total GA (TGA) to ABA than the seeds of native populations. Dewaxed seed masses and TGA were positively correlated with germination traits, while ACC and ABA were negatively correlated with germination traits. These results suggested that the seeds of invasive plant Triadica sebifera never changed when they from the United States return to its provenance for five years, which could enrich our poor cognition about seed properties changes after experiencing different environments and were beneficial to control invasive plants.
Prospective Memory: the combined impact of cognitive load and task focality
Authors: Cantarella Giovanni , Mastroberardino Serena , Bisiacchi Patrizia , Macaluso Emiliano
Published: January 2023

Prospective Memory (PM) entails a set of executive processes primarily associated with the activation of frontal and parietal regions. Both the number of PM targets to be monitored (i.e., task load) and the relationship between the type of PM targets and the ongoing (ONG) task (i.e., task focality) can impact executive monitoring and PM performance. In the present imaging study, we manipulated load and focality of an event-based PM task to test the hypothesis that common resources engage in situations requiring high levels of cognitive control: that is, in high-load (i.e. monitor multiple PM targets), non-focal conditions (i.e. monitor at the same time letters' identity and color). We investigated monitoring-related and detection-related processes by assessing behavior and brain activity separately for ONG trials (monitoring) and PM targets (detection). At the behavioral level, we found a significant interaction between load and focality during detection, with slowest reaction times for focal, high-load PM targets. The imaging analyses of the detection phase revealed the activation of the intraparietal sulcus in the high-load conditions. Both in the monitoring and the detection phases, we found overlapping effects of non-focality and low-load in the fusiform gyrus. Our results suggest that under low-load conditions cognitive control operates via early selection mechanisms in the ventral occipito-temporal cortex. By contrast, high-load conditions entail control at later processing stages within the dorsal parietal cortex. We conclude that load and focality operate via different mechanisms, with the level of task load largely determining how cognitive control selects the most relevant information.
An Ethnobotanical Study of Non-Timber Forest Products in Dorokha, Bhutan
Authors: kumarNepal Tej
Published: January 2023

The knowledge of indigenous people regarding the surrounding environment, local biodiversity, and their management have helped them thrive over thousands and millions of years. The indigenous people are local successors of various cultures. Their way of linking the environment with people who have cherished cultural, traditional, environmental, economic, social, and political views is diverse among modern lifestyles. Local traditional knowledge is dependent on the communication of man with nature. Local traditional knowledge focuses on the interrelationships and communications of living entities with one another and their surrounding environment. The survey listed around 146 plant species (52 trees, 19 shrubs, 48 herbs, 5 bamboo, and 23 climbers) under 67 families and 112 genera. Out of 146 species, 6 are used for dye extractions, 6 are used for fibre extractions or as a rope, 31 are used as fodder for livestock, 5 are used as bamboo, 7 are used as fuelwood and 3 species for the broom. NTFP is also used to make agricultural equipment, consumed as snacks, vegetables, and raw fruits, made into pickles, or dried up to be used during the cold season. Out of 246 species, 71 species (22 trees, 6 shrubs, 36 herbs, and 7 climbers) belonging to 46 families and 64 genera were used as medicinal plants.
Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder After BIBP COVID-19 Vaccine: A Case Report
Authors: Gutierrez Cristiam , Rodríguez Sandro , Trillo Miguel , Vásquez Alfredo , Aguirre-Quispe Wilfor
Published: January 2023

Background: With the availability of the COVID-19 vaccine, post-vaccination neurological complications have occasionally been reported.
Case presentation: We present a case of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) that developed 1 month after the second dose of BIBP COVID-19 vaccine (SARS-CoV-2-Vaccine [Vero Cell] Inactived). The patient presented itching, numbness of the hand and right side of the face, associated with nausea, vomiting and hiccups. Brain MRI showed lesions in the area postrema, medulla, and bilateral hypothalamus, typical of NMOSD. Serum antibodies to anti-AQP4 and anti-MOG were negative.
Conclusions: The pathogenesis of NMOSD development and the vaccine is still unknown. The presentation of NMOSD is generally aggressive and disabling, it is important for the neurologist to be attentive to the highly variable clinical presentation after vaccination against COVID-9 for early diagnosis and effective treatment.
Comparative Analysis of Rainfall-Runoff Modeling Using Support Vector Machines for Two Dams in Uttarakhand
Authors: Dumka Basant Ballabh , Kumar Pravendra
Published: January 2023

The main objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the performances of rainfall-runoff models that were developed by using support vector machines (SVMs). Rainfall and runoff data of Haripura and Baur dams were adopted on daily basis from Irrigation Division Rudrapur in Uttarakhand. In this study, radial kernel function was used. As the values of Cost function (C),  and  varies, performances of the models can be altered. So, at optimum values of these variables, there exists a best correlation between rainfall and runoff. It can be inferred from the study that SVM models provide satisfactory results for both dams. These results can be used for runoff prediction for various purpose such as irrigation etc.
Cinema e língua inglesa no ensino médio: um olhar à teoria
Authors: Seraglio Maruana Kássia Tischer , Gallego Campos Fernando Rossetto
Published: January 2023

Este estudo objetiva identificar em documentos oficiais e em discussões de autores menções sobre o uso de cinema nas aulas de língua inglesa no ensino médio, sendo o cinema entendido como qualquer produção cinematográfica. A metodologia utilizada abrange uma pesquisa bibliográfica. O material de análise são trechos selecionados da Base Nacional Comum Curricular, dos Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais e das Orientações Educacionais Complementares aos Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais, além de produções de autores que discutem o tema – como Duarte, Napolitano e Rajagopalan. As análises indicaram que os documentos oficiais consideram o cinema como recurso moderno e inovador e que contribui para um ensino mais crítico e tecnológico. Entretanto, há indícios do entendimento de que o cinema é um recurso fácil e simples se comparado com outros, como a literatura. Já os autores consultados enfatizam o cinema como ótima ferramenta no ensino crítico, no trabalho interdisciplinar e na cativação do estudante, e como um material autêntico.
Habitar o poema: personagens e cenas de uma Espanha cabralina
Authors: Cadó Júlio César de Araújo , Araújo Rosanne Bezerra de
Published: January 2023

Selecionado para ser parte da diplomacia brasileira, João Cabral de Melo Neto recebeu como primeiro posto de trabalho no exterior a cidade de Barcelona. Desde então, o vínculo entre o poeta e o espaço espanhol tornou-se cada vez mais intenso, seja na perspectiva biográfica, seja na refração dessa experiência na produção literária do autor. Dentro do país ibérico, entretanto, foi Sevilha que ganhou destaque nos versos do poeta. O encantamento provocado pela cidade andaluza chegou ao ápice nos últimos volumes de poesia publicados: Crime na Calle Relator e Andando Sevilha, sendo este segmentado em duas partes (“Andando Sevilha” e “Sevilha andando”). Tendo como recorte a ideia de habitar proposta por Juhani Pallasmaa, inicia-se esta análise com o estudo do par de poemas “Bifurcados de ‘Habitar o tempo’” e “Habitar o tempo”. Posteriormente, ao focalizar as representações da Espanha na obra cabralina, realiza-se a análise do poema “Corral de vecinos”, destacando o manejo das temporalidades e a figurativização de personagens típicas da cultura espanhola como componentes estruturantes do texto. Com esta leitura, foi possível compreender o poema sevilhano como a contraparte de uma encruzilhada entre Pernambuco e Espanha, constituindo a segunda bifurcação de “Habitar o tempo”, desta vez, do outro lado do Atlântico.
APROVECHAMIENTO DE RESIDUOS DE PLÁTANO, CAMU CAMU, COCONA, CARAMBOLA, JUGO DE CAÑA Y AJÍ CHARAPITA EN LA ELABORACIÓN DE VINAGRE
Authors: Vicente Santa Cruz Edgar , Reátegui Isla Vladimir , Morales-Soriano Eduardo
Published: January 2023

La región Ucayali (Perú) se caracteriza por poseer una gran variedad de frutas, las cuales muchas veces no son aprovechadas generando residuos. El aprovechamiento de estos se puede realizar elaborando productos como el vinagre. El objetivo principal de este trabajo de investigación fue aprovechar los residuos de frutas de la zona: plátano, cocona, carambola, camu camu, ají charapita además de jugo de caña de azúcar en la elaboración de vinagre. Para ello se realizaron tres mezclas iniciales con las diferentes proporciones de frutas. En la primera etapa se realizó un control de la fermentación alcohólica (temperatura, pH, densidad), utilizando a la levadura Sacharomyces cerevisiae, evaluando el grado alcohólico final. En la segunda etapa, se realizó el control de la fermentación acética, utilizando un vinagre madre a base de Acetobacter aceti, evaluando la acidez acética final y el alcohol residual. Los mejores tratamientos pasaron a una evaluación sensorial a cargo de un panel (consumidores habituales) seleccionando el mejor basado en la aceptabilidad general. El mejor tratamiento fue el de la mezcla que contenía mayor porcentaje de plátano y carambola. Dicho tratamiento además cumplió con los requisitos para un vinagre comercial, por lo que fue factible el aprovechamiento de estos residuos de fruta en la elaboración de vinagre.