bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Using Shunt Capacitors to Mitigate the Effects of Increasing Renewable Energy Penetration
Authors: Altarjami Abdulrahman , Ben Slimene Marwa , Khlifi Mohamed Arbi
Published: August 2024

Over the past two decades, Renewable Energy Sources (RESs) have gained global popularity. Control issues are becoming more difficult as the system inertia decreases due to the absence of typical synchronous generators. Innovative methods like fault current limiters, energy storage devices, and alternative control systems are utilized to deal with these difficulties. This study provides a summary of the challenges associated with incorporating high-level RESs into the existing grid. The increased penetration of the RESs has a negative impact on the system oscillations and harmonics, generating the need for power quality improvement techniques, such as adaptive control, adding energy systems, power stream assessment, or weight stream examination. This paper presents a framework of the power stream issue, its arrangement as well as different game plan methods. The power stream model of a power structure can be built using the significant association, weight, and age data.
Application of TOPSIS-LP and New Routing Models for the Multi-Criteria Tourist Route Problem: The Case Study of Nong Khai, Thailand
Authors: Phuangpornpitak Wasana , Boonchom Wanita , Suphan Kittanathat , Chiengkul Watchara , Tantipanichkul Thanawat
Published: August 2024

This study investigates the application of a new mathematical routing model, integrated with the TOPSIS Linear Programming (TOPSIS-LP) approach, to optimize tourist routes in Nong Khai, Thailand, within a Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) framework. The research demonstrates the efficacy of TOPSIS-LP by consistently ranking the same alternative as the optimal route, achieving the highest rankings across various Multi-Attribute Decision Making (MADM) methods, including MOORA, WASPAS, and ARAS. These methods displayed significant consistency in outcome evaluation, with Spearman Correlation Coefficients (SCC) of 0.952 for MOORA WASPAS, and ARAS, indicating the influence of diverse weighting and aggregation strategies in route optimization. Moreover, the study confirmed a perfect alignment (SCC of 1.00) between TOPSIS-LP and the traditional TOPSIS method, affirming that the enhancements to the LP components maintained the integrity of the original model. The findings provide invaluable insights for tourism planners aiming to improve tourist satisfaction and operational efficiency and contribute to the academic discourse by highlighting the practical utility of sophisticated mathematical models in real-world scenarios. This research not only advances the methodological practices in tourist route optimization, but also sets a benchmark for future research aimed at enhancing the effectiveness, robustness, and adaptability of MADM methods in the tourism sector.
Mathematical Modeling in Natural Extract Anti-Reflection Coatings using Green Synthesis Method
Authors: Marathe Snehal , Patil B. P. , Waghmode Shobha
Published: August 2024

The use of renewable energy sources to replace conventional energy sources like fossil fuels is essential. Solar panels are the most widespread technology for clear energy production. However, is crucial to raise the efficiency of solar panels. A large portion of sunlight is reflected by the front surface of the panel and thus the use of an Anti-Reflecting Coating (ARC) has become significant in raising the efficiency of solar panels, through reducing the reflection losses. The ARCs made of natural extracts were utilized to improve the efficiency of Silicon solar panels. The natural extracts were produced from Kailashpati fruit juice and Badminton ball tree flower powder. In the synthesis of these natural extracts, monometallic gallium chloride nanoparticles were used to check their effect on the efficiency of solar power generation. The novelty of this paper is the attempt to mathematically calculate the absorbance of the ARCs, at a particular wavelength, with the use of the refractive indices and thicknesses of ideal ARCs.
Assessing the Impact of Criterion Weights on the Ranking of the Top Ten Universities in Vietnam
Authors: Do Duc Trung
Published: August 2024

This study focuses on evaluating the influence of criterion weights on the ranking of the top ten universities in Vietnam. Criteria weights were determined using four different methods, including the equal weight method, the weights of the Vietnam University Rankings (VNUR) system, the entropy weight method, and the Logarithmic Percentage Change-driven Objective Weighting (LOPCOW) weight method. Four university ranking methods were applied: Proximity Indexed Value (PIV), Ranking of Alternatives with Weights of Criterion (RAWEC), Root Assessment Method (RAM), and Simple Ranking Process (SRP). The results indicate that the use of different weight calculation methods does not significantly affect university rankings. The four leading universities in Vietnam consistently maintain their position in the rankings, regardless of the weight calculation or ranking methods used.
Cyberatttack Detection and Classification in IIoT systems using XGBoost and Gaussian Naïve Bayes: A Comparative Study
Authors: Alenazi Mordi , Mishra Shailendra
Published: August 2024

The Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) is experiencing rapid expansion, forming a vast network of interconnected devices, sensors, and machines that generate large volumes of data. In the context of Industry 5.0, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of this data is essential. This paper addresses the challenges of detecting and classifying cyberattacks within the IIoT by employing advanced analytical techniques. Specifically, we explore the application of Machine Learning (ML) algorithms, focusing on the comparison between the XGBoost and Naïve Bayes models. Our study uses the KDD-99 and NSL KDD datasets to evaluate the performance of these models in terms of accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score. The results demonstrate that the XGBoost model significantly outperforms the Naïve Bayes model across all metrics, achieving an accuracy of 99%. This study contributes to the improvement of intrusion detection and classification of cyberattacks in IIoT environments.
Trajectory Tracking Control of Pneumatic Cylinder-Actuated Lower Limb Robot for a Gait Training System
Authors: Tran Van-Thuc , Nguyen Ba-Son , Vu Tiendung , Bui Ngoc-Tam
Published: August 2024

This article presents the design of a control strategy for a lower limb gait training system catering to patients with Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) or stroke. The system operates by driving the hip and knee joints individually through pneumatic cylinders. The focus lies on the study and development of a control strategy for the pneumatic actuators within the gait training system, specifically targeting trajectory tracking control of pneumatic double-acting cylinders utilizing a PID Controller. The experiment setup comprises a pneumatic cylinder regulated by a proportional valve, incorporating feedback via position and pressure sensors. The experimental results show that the system exhibits good trajectory-tracking performance, particularly at low frequencies.
RETRACTED: An Experimental Investigation on the Synthetic Ester Circulation for Drying Cellulose Insulation in Distribution Transformers
Authors: Tazhibayev Adilbek , Amitov Yernar , Arynov Nurbol , Shingissov Nursultan , Kural Askat
Published: August 2024

This article has been been retracted at the request of the Editor-in-Chief due to extended similarites with a previously published article. 
The previously published article is:
P. Przybylek, K. Walczak, W. Sikorski, H. Moscicka-Grzesiak, H. Moranda and M. Cybulski, "Experimental Validation of a Method of Drying Cellulose Insulation in Distribution Transformers Using Circulating Synthetic Ester," in IEEE Access, vol. 9, pp. 150322-150329, 2021, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3125840
Control of Grid-connected Inverter using Carrier Modulation
Authors: Tran Quang-Tho
Published: August 2024

Multilevel inverters are becoming prevalent due to their remarkable attributes, including their ability to withstand high voltage shocks and accommodate high capacity. As a result, they find extensive applications in grid-connected inverter systems utilizing photovoltaic (PV) panels and electric drive systems for electric motors. However, their power quality is heavily reliant on current controls and inverter modulation techniques. Conventional modulation methods typically employ fixed frequency carriers for inverter modulation, lacking inherent control signal information. In response to this challenge, this study proposes a novel modulation method for grid-connected multilevel inverters utilizing frequency and phase-modulated carriers. The study findings demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach in the nominal operation, showcasing a reduction in Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) by 15.92% and a 48.5% decrease in the highest individual harmonic amplitude compared to the conventional method using the modulation of phase opposite disposition. Moreover, the switching count is also decreased by 26.37%.
Air Quality Decentralized Forecasting: Integrating IoT and Federated Learning for Enhanced Urban Environmental Monitoring
Authors: Kulkarni Vibha , Lakshmi Adepu Sree , Lakshmi Chaganti B. N. , Panneerselvam Sivaraj , Kanan Mohammad , Flah Aymen , Elnaggar Mohamed F.
Published: August 2024

Air quality forecasting is a critical environmental challenge with significant implications for public health and urban planning. Conventional machine learning models, although quite effective, require data collection, which can be hampered by issues relating to privacy and data security. Federated Learning (FL) overcomes these limitations by enabling model training across decentralized data sources without compromising data privacy. This study describes a federated learning approach to predict the Air Quality Index (AQI) based on data from several Internet of Things (IoT) sensors located in different urban locations. The proposed approach trains a model using data from different sensors while preserving the privacy of each data source. The model uses local computational resources at the sensor level during the initial data processing and training, sharing only the model updates to the central location. The results show that the performance of the proposed FL model is comparable to a centralized model and ensures better data privacy with reduced data transmission requirements. This study opens new doors to real-time, scalable, and efficient air quality monitoring systems. The proposed method is quite significant for smart city initiatives and environmental monitoring, as it provides a solid framework for using IoT technology while preserving privacy.
Deep Learning and Fusion Mechanism-based Multimodal Fake News Detection Methodologies: A Review
Authors: Abduljaleel Iman Qays , Ali Israa H.
Published: August 2024

Today, detecting fake news has become challenging as anyone can interact by freely sending or receiving electronic information. Deep learning processes to detect multimodal fake news have achieved great success. However, these methods easily fuse information from different modality sources, such as concatenation and element-wise product, without considering how each modality affects the other, resulting in low accuracy. This study presents a focused survey on the use of deep learning approaches to detect multimodal visual and textual fake news on various social networks from 2019 to 2024. Several relevant factors are discussed, including a) the detection stage, which involves deep learning algorithms, b) methods for analyzing various data types, and c) choosing the best fusion mechanism to combine multiple data sources. This study delves into the existing constraints of previous studies to provide future tips for addressing open challenges and problems.
Metaphorical Perceptions of Secondary School Students on New Generation Mathematics Questions
Authors: Savaş Gülşade , Danişman Şahin , Kaçar Sema Nur
Published: August 2024

This research is aimed to examine the perceptions of secondary school seventh and eighth grade students about new generation mathematics questions through metaphors. This phenomenological study seeks to discover the metaphors and their origins for new generation mathematics questions. The research involved 350 students enrolled in seventh and eighth grades from secondary schools through criterion-sampling. The students were asked to come up with three metaphors as well as their justifications to reveal their perceptions on new generation mathematics questions. The metaphors were analyzed thorugh content analysis method to discover the underlying meanings behind their perceptions. The findings suggest that the perceptions of the students can be grouped under four main themes as complicated, troublesome, motivating, and comprehensive. The complicated theme highlights that students find these questions incomprehensible, insurmountable, and ambiguous. The troublesome theme underscores the difficulty students associate with new generation mathematics questions. Interestingly, some students find new generation mathematics questions motivating. They see these questions as realistic, instructive, manageable, and even entertaining. The perception of new generation mathematics questions as comprehensive implies that they cover a broad range of topics or require students to consider various aspects when solving them. These findings indicate that students have diverse opinions and experiences when it comes to new generation mathematics questions. While some may find them daunting and complex, others see them as stimulating and relevant to their learning.
ИРОВОЙ ОПЫТ УРЕГУЛИРОВАНИЯ КОНФЛИКТОВ НА ОСНОВЕ МАТЕМАТИЧЕСКОГО МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЯ (НА ПРИМЕРЕ США)
Authors: Ыскак  , Толен
Published: August 2024

В данной статье рассматриваются некоторые методы математического моделирования, которые часто используются в американской практике. Выявлено, что они пригодны для прогнозирования современных конфликтов. Понятно, что конфликты можно прогнозировать и управлять ими, используя модель математического моделирования, предложенную США.Обсуждается проблема моделирования различных социальных конфликтов с помощью уравнений диффузии.Так же рассматриваются главныеподходы и методы математического моделирования всовременных гуманитарных науках. Анализируется модель основана на диффузии Ланжевена.Данная модель основана на идее, что всеиндивиды в обществе взаимодействуют посредством коммуникативного поля. Это поле индуцируется каждым индивидуумом в обществе, моделируяинформационное взаимодействие между людьми. Аналитическоерешение системы полученных, таким образом, уравнений в первомдано для расходящегося типа диффузии. На основе анализа фазовых портретов,полученных моделированием, делается вывод о существовании устойчивости, в пределах которой социальная система устойчива и неконфликтна.В статье также рассматривается возможность применения теории игр в конфликтологии. Различные научные примерытакжепоказывают важность математического моделирования для прогнозирования и управления конфликтами в современных социальных науках. Не сомненночто для эффективного развития отечественной конфликтологии нам в первую очередь необходим мировой опыт.Если рассмотреть на примере мирового опыта, то можно увидеть, что конфликтология поднялась на более высокийуровень.Написано в статье также применение и использованиенекоторыхих видовв научно-практических целях. При этом проводится хороший научный анализ действующихнаучных методов и методологий, приводятся примеры их видов и особенностей. Каждый пример дополнен математическими уравнениями и формулами.
Similarity Heuristics in the Indian Far Right: How the RSS Obscures Its Operational Scale
Authors: Pal Felix
Published: August 2024

To conceal their activities, far-right networks manipulate similarity heuristics that suggest their constituent organizations are discrete and coherent. When an organization crafts a public image indicating that only those who wear the same uniforms and march in the same marches are part of an organization, it implies that those who do not, are not. This use of cognitive shortcuts assists far-right organizations in crafting their organizational boundaries to obscure internal divisions of labor. That these disguised internal divisions of labor exist is strong evidence to support a renewed focus on the intra-organizational dynamics of far-right organizations—a focus that pivots from a discursive to a materialist understanding of the far right. I use the case of the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS), one of the world’s largest far-right organizations, to argue that similarity heuristics disguise far-right connectivity. Paying granular attention to the organizational boundary-making practices of the RSS demonstrates that the true organizational focus of the RSS is its managerial manifestation, rather than its cadre division, which is just one organization the managerial RSS manages. This key finding suggests that scholars must focus on the mechanics of the managerial RSS over the aesthetic phenomenon of the cadre RSS. Such a focus inevitably leads to a network-centric approach to the Indian far right that better captures the mechanics of its mobilization.
Birr al-wālidayn: Studi Komparatif Penafsiran Surah al-Isrā’ 23-24 Perspektif Ibn Kathīr dan M. Quraish Shihab
Authors: Fauzi Fathur Rosi  , Noer Halimah Asyihabi
Published: August 2024

In contemporary society, children's neglect in treating their parents properly is increasingly observed. Filial piety, ranking just below the obligation to worship Allah SWT, is essential and extends universally beyond Muslim parents. This research aims to: 1) Analyze the interpretation of Al-Walid according to Ibn Kathīr and M. Quraish Shihab, and 2) Identify differences and similarities in their exegesis of Surah Al-Isra, verses 23-24. Using qualitative library research, primary sources include the tafsir works of Ibn Kathīr and Al-Mishbah by M. Quraish Shihab, along with related journals, articles, and books. Findings reveal: 1) The commandment to worship Allah SWT exclusively, and 2) The obligation for children to show filial piety by avoiding harsh words, even mild expressions like "ah". Children must speak gently and politely, show reverence, pray for their parents, engage in actions that please them, and avoid actions that displease them. This research highlights the importance of maintaining filial piety under all circumstances and practicing iḥsān, treating others better than they treat us. The study compares interpretations by Ibn Kathīr and M. Quraish Shihab, noting a significant distinction in the term hisanan. Ibn Kathīr sees it as a command to do good to one's parents, while Quraish Shihab attributes two meanings: 1) Bestowing favors upon others, and 2) Performing good deeds. The key principle is treating parents with greater kindness and respect than they extend to us.
The Formation and Resilience of Law-Abiding Attitudes under Authoritarianism: The Case of Russia
Authors: Hendley Kathryn , Murrell Peter
Published: August 2024

Authoritarian leaders frequently send mixed messages about law. While official rhetoric typically emphasizes obeying law, leaders have proven willing to sidestep the law when it proves inconvenient. We explore the impact of this duality on the attitudes of Russian citizens, drawing
on three rounds of the Russian Longitudinal Monitoring Survey. To identify the separate effects of cohort, age, and survey year, we use existing estimates of a function relating age to the predisposition to form new attitudes. Our results indicate that one factor driving Russians' attitudes
on law-abiding is the strength of the Kremlin's messaging on the importance of obeying the law especially in their formative years. This effect would have been strongest for the oldest Russians. Yet, ceteris paribus, more years lived in Russia lead to declines in law-abiding attitudes. The
net result of these two effects is that older Russians profess greater law abidingness. Putin's emphasis on obeying the laws on the books has left its mark in the increasing prevalence of law-abiding attitudes.
Ebeveynleri Boşanmış ve Boşanmamış İlkokul Öğrencilerinin Değer Düzeyleri Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi
Authors: Başkan İşler Zeynep , Yorulmaz Bilal
Published: August 2024

Bu çalışmada ebeveynleri boşanmış ve boşanmamış ilkokul öğrencilerinin değer düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkinin çeşitli değişkenler açısından incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda İstanbul ilinde MEB’e bağlı ilkokullarda öğrenim gören 117 ebeveyni boşanmış, 102 ebeveyni boşanmamış öğrenciyle çalışma grubu oluşturulmuştur. Çalışma nicel araştırma yöntemlerinden biri olan kesitsel tarama çalışması olarak yürütülmüştür. Veriler Okul Öncesi Değerler Ölçeği Öğretmen Formu aracılığıyla toplanmıştır. Saygı, sorumluluk, dürüstlük, iş birliği, paylaşım, dostluk/arkadaşlık alt boyutlarını kapsayan ölçek, öğrencilerin sınıf öğretmenlerine uygulatılmıştır. Elde edilen verilerin analizinde ilişkisiz örneklemler için t testi ve tek yönlü ANOVA kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda ebeveynleri boşanmış ve boşanmamış ilkokul öğrencilerinin ölçek genelinde ve tüm alt boyutlarda değer düzeyleri arasında ebeveynleri boşanmamış öğrenciler lehine anlamlı farklılık olduğu görülmüştür. Değer düzeyleri ve cinsiyet arasındaki ilişkide kızların lehine anlamlı farklılık olduğu, anne ve babanın eğitim durumu arttıkça öğrencinin değer düzeyinin de arttığı elde edilen diğer sonuçlardır. Son olarak sınıf düzeyi, aile sosyoekonomik düzeyi ve kardeş sayısı ile öğrencilerin değer düzeyleri arasında anlamlı bir farklılık olmadığı görülmüştür.
Kitap Okuma Alışkanlığı ile Yaratıcı Düşünme Becerisi Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi
Authors: Salur Murat
Published: August 2024

Bu araştırmanın amacı, sosyal bilgiler öğretmen adaylarının kitap okuma alışkanlıkları ile yaratıcı düşünme becerileri arasındaki tutumları belirlemek ve bu iki durum arasında ilişkinin var olup olmadığını saptamaktır. Araştırmanın evrenini, 2023-2024 eğitim öğretim yılında Muş Alparslan Üniversitesi ve Elazığ Fırat Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Sosyal Bilgiler Eğitimi dalında 1, 2, 3 ve 4. sınıflarında öğrenim gören öğretmen adayları oluşturmaktadır. Bu evren içerisinde, tabakalı örnekleme yöntemi ile 286 öğretmen adayı örneklem olarak seçilmiştir. Araştırmada, nicel araştırma yönteminin de doğasına uygun olan korelasyonel araştırma modeli kullanılmıştır. Sosyal bilgiler öğretmen adaylarının, kitap okuma alışkanlıkları ile yaratıcı düşünme becerisi düzeylerini belirlemek için Gömleksiz (2004) tarafından geliştirilen “Kitap Okuma Alışkanlığına İlişkin Tutum Ölçeği (KOATÖ)” ve Aksoy (2004) tarafından Türkçe’ye uyarlanan “Yaratıcı Düşünme Becerisi Ölçeği (YDBÖ)” olmak üzere iki veri toplama aracı kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada elde edilen veriler, 2023- 2024 eğitim ve öğretim yılının güz döneminde toplanmıştır. Bunun sonucunda elde edilen verilerin analizi ise SPSS istatistik programında gerçekleştirilerek yorumlanmıştır. Bu araştırma sonucunda; kadın öğretmen adaylarının, erkek öğretmen adaylarına göre kitap okuma alışkanlıkların daha fazla olduğu, öğretmen adaylarının sınıf düzeyleri arttıkça yaratıcı düşünme becerisinin de arttığı ve kitap okuma alışkanlığı yüksek olan bireylerin yaratıcı düşünme düzeylerinin de yüksek olduğu dolayısıyla aralarında pozitif ve anlamlı bir ilişki bulunduğu tespit edilmiştir.
GUARDA COMPARTILHADA: HISTÓRICO E PREVISÃO LEGAL
Authors: Jacinto Susana Glória dos Santos Moreira , Feitosa Francisco Walef Santos , Chaves Jéssica Mayara Gomes
Published: August 2024

Shared custody has gained increasing relevance in the Brazilian legal landscape as a mechanism to promote balanced and healthy interaction between parents and children after the dissolution of the marital union. This article analyzes the historical evolution and legal framework of shared custody in Brazil, with an emphasis on Article 1584 of Law No. 10,406/2002, amended by Law No. 11,698/2008, which establishes guidelines for the implementation of this custody model. The study addresses the historical context and the legislative motivation behind the implementation of shared custody, highlighting the role of social and cultural changes in valuing parental co-responsibility. The legal analysis details how Article 1584 promotes shared custody as the preferred model, except in cases of unfeasibility, emphasizing the importance of cooperation and communication between parents for the well-being of the children. Additionally, the article discusses the benefits of shared custody for the child, including maintaining emotional bonds with both parents, continuity of a balanced family environment, and the promotion of healthy emotional development. The legal provision of shared custody seeks to encourage responsible and collaborative parenting, mitigating the negative impacts of parental separation on children. It concludes that shared custody, as provided in Article 1584 of Law No. 10,406/2002, represents a significant advancement in Brazilian legislation, promoting a parenting practice that prioritizes the interests and well-being of the child, while encouraging the active and balanced participation of both parents in raising their children.
Transition to sustainable development and green economy
Authors: Huseynova Naila
Published: August 2024

Continuous development and transition to a green economy are important issues for both the global economy and regions and countries. The development of the economy and the transition to a green economy reflect many issues such as the rapidly increasing world population, the degradation of the environment, the rapid depletion of natural resources, and the impact of economic activity on the global situation. Transitioning to a green economy is essential for reducing the rapid depletion of natural resources and preserving the environment. This reduces waste, improves air and water quality, and creates a positive environment for biological progress. The transition to a green economy is associated with the development of renewable energy sources. Renewable energy sources such as solar energy, wind energy, and hydroelectric energy play a key role in providing energy supply. The development of a green economy contributes to the creation of new industrial sectors and job opportunities. Areas such as renewable energy, engineering and equipment supply, biotechnology create new jobs. The promotion of technological development and innovation is encouraged by the green economy. Technological development promotes green energy, waste management, water purification, etc. The positive effects of the green economy contribute to the health of individuals and the overall health of society. The improvement of air and water quality increases the overall health of society.
Взаємовідношення філософії та фундаментальної медицини. нозологія, патогенез та саногенез як категорії в теоретичній медицині
Authors: Вастьянов Руслан
Published: August 2024

Стрімкий розвиток окремих наук забезпечив визначення основних характеристик організму людини в стані здоров’я та хвороби, що є базисом для діяльності лікаря в медичній практиці. Разом з тим існуюча науково-навчальна спеціалізація водночас відділяє майбутнього лікаря від порозуміння хвороби як стану, в якому знаходиться пацієнт. Фахівці критично стали ставитися до одностороннього розвитку медицини, при якому поняття здоров'я практично не має конкретного наукового визначення. Профілактичний напрямок сучасної медицини, який декларувався як провідний протягом багатьох десятиліть, не реалізується не лише через матеріальні та інші близькі до цього причини. Досі не існує методології, що дозволяє розвивати профілактичну медицину, яка мала би піднятися над хворобою, абстрагуватися, цілісно поглянути на людину як частину природи і суспільства. Мета роботи – медико-філософське визначення категорій нозологія, патогенез та саногенез в теоретичній медицині для покращення розуміння хвороб в історії медицини, усвідомлення соціальних факторів, їхнього патогенного та саногенного впливу на людину, а також для покращення розуміння здобувачів медичної освіти стосовно патогенетичних механізмів захворювань. Висловлюється думак про те, що філософська розробка медико-біологічних проблем можлива лише тоді, коли самі медики візьмуться за це. Не слід вважати, що медичні проблеми можна механічно нанизати ті чи інші філософські категорії. Методологія розробки поняття «здоров'я» відповідає принципам трьох загальних законів діалектики. Предметом медицини в цьому випадку є їх саногенний та патогенний вплив на людину, профілактика захворювань, діагностика, лікування та реабілітація. Системна структура та єдність знання в медицині обумовлені як об'єктом і предметом медицини, так і пануючими в ній методологічними та медико-теоретичними основами, внутрішньою гносеологічною однорідністю (отримання знання для клініки та профілактики), критеріями науковості та раціональності, властивими у класичному та некласичному світі. Підхід до нозології виходить із того, що це вчення про хворобу, що включає біологічні та медичні основи хвороб, а також питання їхньої етіології, патогенезу, номенклатури та класифікації. Дуже важливим є питання про саногенез – механізми одужання людини. Здоров'я, хвороба, норма, симптом, синдром, патологія, захворюваність, громадське здоров'я та інші поняття та визначення як патофізіології так і всієї медичної науки задають контури медичної реальності, в межах яких рухається медичне пізнання, породжуються нові предмети дослідження.
Principles and rules applicable in the international arbitration: aspects of comparative law
Authors: Băieșu Aurel
Published: August 2024

This article analyses various categories of rules applicable in international commercial arbitration through the prism of international regulations and comparative law. These are the principles that guide both the procedure in state courts and in the alternative procedure, which is arbitration, and which ensure the respect of the universally recognized right to a fair trial. Also, there are the technical rules of procedure that the arbitrators must follow in the settlement of the dispute, starting with the establishment of the arbitral tribunal and up to the pronouncement of the arbitral award. These rules are established on the basis of the arbitration agreement, in accordance with the legal regulations contained, in particular, in the codes of civil procedure or special laws on arbitration, as well as in accordance with the provisions of the arbitration regulations. Finally, the are rules that the arbitrators apply to resolve the merits of the dispute; these are either the provisions of the law that the parties have chosen or, in the absence of the choice, the arbitrators will apply the law designated by the conflict law rules that they will consider appropriate in the case.
Latent destruction through substitution of Haitian society: an epistemological and historical perspective
Authors: Abraham Jacques
Published: August 2024

This article aims to understand and explain through a reflection focused on the historical epistemology and habitus of Bourdieu, how the Western countries, specifically, United States of America, Spain, Germany, Canada, and France are carefully and subtly planning Haiti's collapse by substitution. It highlights five methods of latent destruction in which is inscribed the setting of gradual deconstruction to replace the Haitian society by imposing a soci-political environment in perpetual instability that encourages young people to flee their country. At the end of the reflection, the article conxludes that the Western countries want to take over the land of Haiti and drive out the black savages of the Caribbean (as they used to treat them) who inhabited it.
Implementation of Ban on Rice Import and Economic Implications in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria
Authors: Udom Aniediabasi James
Published: August 2024

Despite the ban on the importation of rice into Nigeria, there seems to be a prevalent preference for consumption of foreign/imported rice by consumers in Akwa Ibom State. Hence, this preference motivates smugglers to bring in the rice from the neighbouring country (Cameroon) into Akwa Ibom State through water broader. This study focused on rice consumers likes/dislikes, market changes and problems faced by local rice produces. It will provide useful information to legislators, producers of rice, marketers and researchers. The study reviewed: the rationale behind the ban on the importation of rice into Nigeria with specific focus on Akwa Ibom State. It also reviewed consumers perception of the quality of locally produced rice, their attitude preferences and factors influencing their choice. Factors contributing to limited patronage of Nigeria rice, strategies for encouraging local producers/marketers, were also examined. Important discoveries reveal among others various factors influencing rice production such as consumers likes purchasing power and the perception of the quality of the rice. Furthermore, laws rules and regulations made by the government and the advertising skills of rice producers create a challenging situation for marketers. Local rice producers in Akwa Ibom State have problems such as: not getting enough capital and lacking other resources to produce in large quantities. This shows that special aid is needed for them to succeed. More support needs to be put in place such as giving grants to farmers, building firms and other infrastructure for them, provision of fertilizer etc. This will make the local rice business stronger and viable. In practice, Nigeria rice producer and sellers can concentrate on branding, making sure the quality is good and improve on marketing strategies in order to increase the patronage of produced-in-Nigeria rice. It is also important for Nigeria rice producers to study consumers likes and preferences, government programmes on local rice farmers and exploring alternative methods of rice cultivation that benefit the environment. These and others if implemented are likely to improve the faltering fortune of the rice industry in Nigeria by way of improving demand and discouraging illegal importation.
Exploring the anti-proliferative and cytotoxic impact of doxycycline on C6 glioma cells
Authors: Unlu Bektas Firuze , Kuçak Mine , Bektas Ekin , Öntürk Tolga , Müslümanoğlu Muhammed Hamza
Published: August 2024

Doxycycline is a member of the tetracycline group and is a bacteriostatic antibiotic. Therefore, it stops/slows down the reproduction and spread of pathogenic microorganisms and gives the immune system the necessary time to destroy them. In this study, cytotoxic, anti-proliferative, and apoptotic effects of doxycycline on the rat glioma cell line derived from Rattus norvegicus were observed. To show the cytotoxicity of doxycycline, MTT test was performed to obtain the IC50 value and the dosages of treatment were determined accordingly. With the colony formation test, it was observed that the determined doxycycline dosages reduced the colony formation ability of the single cells. Similarly, wound healing test also showed that doxycycline treatment reduced the ability of cells to migrate. A dose-dependent decrease in the cell number was detected by DAPI staining after doxycycline treatment and the expression levels of cancer related genes were shown by the RT-qPCR method. In conclusion, doxycycline was found to have anti-proliferative and cytotoxic effects in rat glioma cell line, and more comprehensive studies are needed before doxycycline can be used as a complementary agent in cancer treatment.
DESIGN INSTRUCIONAL E RECURSOS MULTIMÍDIA: UMA PARCERIA ESTRATÉGICA PARA O ENSINO EFICAZ
Authors: Oliveira Meiriadilla Sousa de , Dias Maria Angélica Dornelles , Brugnera Elisângela Dias , Dias Adriano Valter Dornelles , Kato Ademilde Aparecida Gabriel , Coelho Fernanda da Silva
Published: August 2024

O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar o impacto das tecnologias e recursos multimídia no design instrucional, destacando como essas ferramentas podem enriquecer o processo de ensino e aprendizagem. O tema central abordou a integração estratégica entre design instrucional e recursos multimídia, explorando suas vantagens e desafios. A metodologia utilizada baseou-se em uma pesquisa bibliográfica, envolvendo a análise de diversas obras de autores renomados na área. Silva et al. (2024) discutiram a importância de alinhar materiais e atividades de aprendizagem aos objetivos educacionais através do design instrucional. Dubugras (2020) enfatizou a necessidade de um processo sistemático no planejamento e execução de atividades educativas, incluindo métodos de avaliação adaptados ao contexto. Santana et al. (2021) destacaram o papel fundamental das Tecnologias Digitais de Informação e Comunicação na democratização e inclusão digital. Gomes et al. (2024) abordaram os desafios do design instrucional em analisar problemas de desempenho humano e implementar soluções eficazes, sublinhando a importância de uma equipe organizada e coordenada. Os resultados indicaram que a integração de tecnologias e recursos multimídia no design instrucional melhora significativamente a qualidade da educação, tornando-a mais acessível e envolvente. As principais conclusões reforçaram que o uso eficaz de recursos tecnológicos é crucial para a expansão das capacidades educacionais e a promoção da cidadania ativa. O estudo também apontou a necessidade de mais pesquisas para explorar estratégias de implementação eficazes em diferentes contextos educacionais.
Investigating the sign of stratocumulus adjustments to aerosols in the ICON global storm-resolving model
Authors: Fons Emilie , Naumann Ann Kristin , Neubauer David , Lang Theresa , Lohmann Ulrike
Published: August 2024

Abstract. Aerosols can cause brightening of stratocumulus clouds, thereby cooling the climate. Observations and models disagree on the magnitude of this cooling, partly because of the aerosol-induced liquid water path (LWP) adjustment, with climate models predicting an increase in the LWP and satellites observing a weak decrease in response to increasing aerosols. With higher-resolution global climate models, which allow the simulation of mesoscale circulations in which stratocumulus clouds are embedded, there is hope to start bridging this gap. In this study, we present boreal summertime simulations conducted with the ICOsahedral Non-hydrostatic (ICON) global storm-resolving model (GSRM). Compared to geostationary satellite data, ICON produces realistic cloud coverage in the stratocumulus regions; however, these clouds look cumuliform, and the sign of LWP adjustments disagrees with observations. We investigate this disagreement with a causal approach, which combines time series with knowledge of cloud processes, allowing us to diagnose the sources of observation–model discrepancies. The positive ICON LWP adjustment results from a superposition of processes, with an overestimated positive response due to (1) precipitation suppression, (2) a lack of wet scavenging, and (3) cloud deepening under a weak inversion, despite (4) small negative influences from cloud-top entrainment enhancement. We also find that precipitation suppression and entrainment enhancement occur at different intensities during the day and the night, implying that daytime satellite studies suffer from selection bias. This causal methodology can guide modelers on how to modify model parameterizations and setups to reconcile conflicting studies concerning the sign and magnitude of LWP adjustments across different data sources.
Enhancing long-term trend simulation of the global tropospheric hydroxyl (TOH) and its drivers from 2005 to 2019: a synergistic integration of model simulations and satellite observations
Authors: Souri Amir H. , Duncan Bryan N. , Strode Sarah A. , Anderson Daniel C. , Manyin Michael E. , Liu Junhua , Oman Luke D. , Zhang Zhen , Weir Brad
Published: August 2024

Abstract. The tropospheric hydroxyl (TOH) radical is a key player in regulating oxidation of various compounds in Earth's atmosphere. Despite its pivotal role, the spatiotemporal distributions of OH are poorly constrained. Past modeling studies suggest that the main drivers of OH, including NO2, tropospheric ozone (TO3), and H2O(v), have increased TOH globally. However, these findings often offer a global average and may not include more recent changes in diverse compounds emitted on various spatiotemporal scales. Here, we aim to deepen our understanding of global TOH trends for more recent years (2005–2019) at 1×1°. To achieve this, we use satellite observations of HCHO and NO2 to constrain simulated TOH using a technique based on a Bayesian data fusion method, alongside a machine learning module named the Efficient CH4-CO-OH (ECCOH) configuration, which is integrated into NASA's Goddard Earth Observing System (GEOS) global model. This innovative module helps efficiently predict the convoluted response of TOH to its drivers and proxies in a statistical way. Aura Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) NO2 observations suggest that the simulation has high biases for biomass burning activities in Africa and eastern Europe, resulting in a regional overestimation of up to 20 % in TOH. OMI HCHO primarily impacts the oceans, where TOH linearly correlates with this proxy. Five key parameters, i.e., TO3, H2O(v), NO2, HCHO, and stratospheric ozone, can collectively explain 65 % of the variance in TOH trends. The overall trend of TOH influenced by NO2 remains positive, but it varies greatly because of the differences in the signs of anthropogenic emissions. Over the oceans, TOH trends are primarily positive in the Northern Hemisphere, resulting from the upward trends in HCHO, TO3, and H2O(v). Using the present framework, we can tap the power of satellites to quickly gain a deeper understanding of simulated TOH trends and biases.
Covariation of redox potential profiles and water table level in peatland sites representing different drainage regimes: implications for ecological modelling
Authors: Koskinen Markku , Anttila Jani , Vranová Valerie , Holik Ladislav , Roche Kevin , Vorenhout Michel , Pihlatie Mari , Laiho Raija
Published: August 2024

Abstract. Reduction-oxidation (redox) reactions are ubiquitous in nature, responsible for the energy acquisition of all organisms. Redox reactions are electron transfer reactions and necessarily involve two participants: one being oxidised (electron donor) and one being reduced (electron acceptor). Availability of terminal electron acceptors (TEAs) is a major determinant of the extent to which the carbon in OM can be oxidised in an ecosystem. This is the most important under waterlogged conditions, such as in peatlands, where diffusion of O2, the most effective common TEA, into the soil is blocked by water. Under these conditions, available alternate TEAs are used by microbiota to continue OM oxidation. The decomposition processes in soil can be characterised by its redox state, ie. which TEA is responsible for oxidation of OM at a given time. This can in principle be measured as a voltage between the soil solution and a known reference electrode, known as the redox potential. Current soil ecosystem models do not depict the use of alternate TEAs well. This limits their applicability for predicting soil carbon loss under different drainage regimes, and thus their usefulness for assessing best management practices for soil carbon preservation and water course protection. Water table level (WTL) is the most common determinant of the mode of decomposition in ecosystem models, implying the assumption that the redox state of a peatland ecosystem responds predictably to changes in WTL. We conducted a two-year redox monitoring experiment in a boreal mesotrophic peatland under three drainage regimes: undrained, short-term drainage and long-term drainage. In addition, an ombrotrophic long-term drained plot was monitored. Snapshot assessments of the activities of three major metabolic enzymes, arginine deaminase, protease and urease, were also done in the mesotrophic plots, indicating differences in microbial activities between the drainage regimes. We found that WTL was a poor temporal predictor of redox potential, but that the position of major transition zones between oxic and anoxic states as well as enzymatic activities within the peat profile were somewhat determined be the dominant WTL depth. In the undrained plots especially redox potential values reflecting oxic or suboxic conditions were often found below the WTL, whereas on the drained plots anoxia was present above the WTL. Preceding redox potential was found to affect enzymatic activities of protease and urease, but not arginine, in all measured plots.
Contrasting responses of vegetation productivity to intraseasonal rainfall in Earth system models
Authors: Harris Bethan L. , Quaife Tristan , Taylor Christopher M. , Harris Phil P.
Published: August 2024

Abstract. Correctly representing the response of vegetation productivity to water availability in Earth system models (ESMs) is essential for accurately modelling the terrestrial carbon cycle and the evolution of the climate system. Previous studies evaluating gross primary productivity (GPP) in ESMs have focused on annual mean GPP and interannual variability, but physical processes at shorter timescales are important for determining vegetation–climate coupling. We evaluate GPP responses at the intraseasonal timescale in five CMIP6 ESMs by analysing changes in GPP after intraseasonal rainfall events with a timescale of approximately 25 d. We compare these responses to those found in a range of observation-based products. When composited around all intraseasonal rainfall events globally, both the amplitude and the timing of the GPP response show large inter-model differences, demonstrating discrepancies between models in their representation of water–carbon coupling processes. However, the responses calculated from the observational datasets also vary considerably, making it challenging to assess the realism of the modelled GPP responses. The models correctly capture the fact that larger increases in GPP at the regional scale are associated with larger increases in surface soil moisture and larger decreases in atmospheric vapour pressure deficit. However, the sensitivity of the GPP response to these drivers varies between models. The GPP in NorESM is insufficiently sensitive to vapour pressure deficit perturbations when compared all to other models and six out of seven observational GPP products tested. Most models produce a faster GPP response where the surface soil moisture perturbation is larger, but the observational evidence for this relationship is weak. This work demonstrates the need for a better understanding of the uncertainties in the representation of water–vegetation relationships in ESMs and highlights a requirement for future daily-resolution observations of GPP to provide a tighter constraint on global water–carbon coupling processes.
GC Insights: Communicating long-term changes in local climate risk using a physically plausible causal chain
Authors: Hawkins Ed , Arnell Nigel , Hannaford Jamie , Sutton Rowan
Published: August 2024

Abstract. Directly linking greenhouse gas emissions or global warming to experiences of local climatic changes is a potentially important communication tool. Using observations, we develop a physically plausible “causal chain” visualisation to demonstrate the connections between global carbon dioxide emissions and local climate events. We highlight how increased flood risk in one river basin in the UK could be discussed with people directly affected by recent floods.