bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Studies of sediment colour, whole-core magnetic susceptibility, and sediment magnetism of the Hudson Strait - Labrador Shelf region: CSS Hudson cruises 90023 and 93034
Authors: Hall F R , Andrews J T , Kerwin M , Smith L M
Published: March 2017

Two rapidly measured parameters, colour spectra and whole-core magnetic susceptibility, can provide important data regarding sediment provenance. These parameters can be measured prior to a sediment core being sampled and at closely spaced intervals. When
combined with reliable age control, these data can be useful in making environmental interpretations. Within the region of Hudson Strait, the primary controls on these two parameters are particles derived from the Dubawnt Group "red stained" rhyolite from the western portion of the basin and the
Paleozoic limestone rocks that underlie most of the basin.
Neoproterozoic plutonic rocks of the eastern Cobequid Highlands, N.S. (NTS 11E/10&11)
Authors: Pe-Piper G , Piper D J W , Hilton E
Published: March 2017

Crystalline rocks east of Earltown in the Cobequid Highlands, Colchester County, Nova Scotia, have been mapped and representative samples studied for petrography, rock geochemistry and minerai chemistry. About 50 whole-rock analyses, 70 petrographic descriptions
ofrocks, and 140 minerai analyses are presented. The rocks are plutonic or highly deformed plutonic rocks and almost ail petrographically and geochemically resemble Neoproterozoic plutonic rocks known elsewhere in the Cobequid Highlands, including gabbro, tonalite, granodiorite and granite. Minor
Devonian-Carboniferous gabbro and intrusive rhyolite is found near the Cobequid Fault. Severa! types ofNeoproterozoic plutonic rocks are distinguished on the basis of petrography and geochemistry. These occurs in two groups, correlatable with the Bass River Block and the Jeff ers Block of the
central and western Cobequid Highlands. The Mount Thom Complex comprises metasedimentary rocks of the Gambie Brook Formation intruded by late Proterozoic mafic plutonic rocks, and th us is not a basement to the A val on zone. lt has a similar origin to the Great Village River Gneiss. The Rockland
Brook fault represents the Neoproterozoic suture zone of the Bass River and Jeff ers blocks. In the central Cobequid Highlands, this fault was reactivated in the late Paleozoic and was an important pathway for magma, but it was not reactivated in the eastem Cobequids Highlands, whether motion was
taken up on the Cobequid and Millsville faults.
Sedimentology of the cored interval, JAPEX/JNOC/GSC et al. Mallik 5L-38 gas hydrate production well, Mackenzie Delta, Northwest Territories
Authors: Medioli B E , Wilson N , Dallimore S R , Paré D , Brennan-Alpert P , Oda H
Published: March 2017

A detailed sedimentological analysis was conducted on the 191.68 m of sediment recovered from the JAPEX/JNOC/GSC et al. Mallik 5L-38 gas hydrate production well. The recovered sediment was collected from the lower Mackenzie Bay Sequence (885.63 - 932.64 m) and
the upper Kugmallit Sequence (932.64 - 1150.79 m). MackenzieBay silts and basal sand were deposited in a shallow shelf to prodelta environment, whereas Kugmallit sediments represent fluvial/interdistributary channel sands and overbank/floodplain silts and coal consistent with a floodplain/delta
plain environment. Six informal sedimentary units are defined on the basis of lithology, sedimentary structures, and well logs. Sand-dominated units with silt and pebble interbeds alternate with silt-dominated units with coal and sand interbeds. All sediments are unconsolidated, except for a number
of thin dolomite-cemented sandstone beds. A number of authigenic pyrite forms were observed throughout the sequence. All organic matter is of terrestrial origin.
Relationships of sediment physical properties from the JAPEX/JNOC/GSC et al. Mallik 5L-38 gas hydrate production research well
Authors: Winters W J , Dallimore S R , Collett T
S , Medioli B E , Matsumoto R , Katsube T J , Brennan-Alpert P
Published: March 2017

An international research program was conducted in the Canadian Arctic to study a highly concentrated occurrence of natural gas hydrate. More than 192mof high-quality core were recovered from depths of 885 m to 1151 m to verify other measurements and to study the
inter-property relationships between the host media and gas hydrate located within the sediment pore spaces. Profiles of the following
measured and derived properties are presented from that investigation: water content, sediment wet bulk density, grain size, porosity, gas-hydrate quantity estimated from well logs, core temperature, and pore-water salinity. These data indicate that the greatest concentrations of gas hydrate are
typically controlled by lithology and are located within coarser grained deposits. Interbedded, finer grained sediment,
however, may also contain some gas hydrate. More importantly, such sediments may constrain the locations of natural gas migration and accumulation during the gas hydrate formation process due to their different physical properties.
Petrophysical properties and sedimentology of gas-hydrate-bearing sediments in the JAPEX/JNOC/GSC et al. Mallik 5L-38 gas hydrate production research well
Authors: Uchida T , Tsuji T , Takahashi T , Okui T , Minagawa H
Published: March 2017

The science program in support of the successful drilling of the JAPEX/JNOC/GSC et al. Mallik 5L-38 gas hydrate production research well significantly increased knowledge of the occurrence and geological characteristics of natural gas hydrate. It is necessary to
know both porosity and water permeability of gas-hydrate-bearing sand to evaluate subsurface fluid-flow behaviour. Porosities and pore-size distributions from mercury porosimetry show that porosities of gas-hydrate-bearing sandy strata range from 36 to 42%. Measurements of water permeability
were undertaken, initially keeping the gas hydrate stable at 10°C by pressurizing, and then depressurizing gradually. Initial water permeabilities of gas-hydrate- and/or ice-filled sand ranged from 1 x 10-15 to 5 x 10-15 m2 (1 - 5 mD). Pore-space gas hydrate was observed to occur primarily in
fine- to medium-grained arenite sandstone. Most of the gas hydrate fills the intergranular
pore systems of sandstone units, which were derived from channels and crevasse splay/levée deposits. Gas hydrate is less frequently found in siltstone and mudstone from interdistributary bay and overbank deposits.
Laboratory analysis of gas hydrate dissociation in cores from the JAPEX/JNOC/GSC et al. Mallik 5L-38 gas hydrate production research well: observational and experimental investigations using X-ray computed tomography
Authors: Okui T , Uchida T , Masuda Y , Munakata T , Kawasaki T
Published: March 2017

The dissociation behaviour of gas hydrate in sandstone core samples from the JAPEX/JNOC/GSC et al. Mallik 5L-38 gas hydrate production research well was experimentally investigated in this study using X-ray computed tomography (CT scanning). Laboratory CT
scanning successfully imaged decomposing gas hydrate and was used to further characterize gas hydrate dissociation rates. Gas hydrate dissociation rates were also experimentally investigated in the field laboratory portion of this study. The field laboratory
gas hydrate dissociation experiments were conducted prior to production testing in the Mallik 5L-38 well, in order to estimate the gas flows that could be expected during testing. In the dissociation rate measurements, the gas hydrate in all of the analyzed cores dissociated within 20
minutes.
Complete gas composition and isotopic geochemistry from the JAPEX/JNOC/GSC et al. Mallik 5L-38
gas hydrate production research well: cuttings, core, gas hydrate, and production testing results
Authors: Lorenson T D , Whiticar M J , Collett T S , Dallimore S R , Dougherty J
A
Published: March 2017

Molecular and isotopic composition of gases from the Mallik 5L-38 well demonstrate that gases can be divided into three zones composed of mixtures of microbial and thermogenic gases similar to results from the JAPEX/JNOC/GSC Mallik 2L-38 well. Thermogenic gas
likely migrated from depths below 5000 m. Higher concentrations of gaswithin and beneath the gas-hydrate-bearing zone suggest that gas hydrate is a partial barrier to gas migration. Gas hydrate accumulations occur wholly within zone 3, below the base of permafrost, and here, gas in gas hydrate
resembles, in part, the thermogenic gas in surrounding sediments. Gas concentration (predominantly methane, 94 - 99%) and carbon isotopic composition were measured from samples collected during the thermal stimulation test. Sporadic spikes in the gas wetness ratio C1/(C2+C3) to lower values not
due to production testing changes may indicate some variation in gas hydrate composition and thus some heterogeneities in the tested gas-hydrate-bearing horizon.
Evolution of a gas hydrate system as recorded by oxygen and hydrogen isotopes of the interstitial waters of the JAPEX/JNOC/GSC et al. Mallik 5L-38 gas hydrate production research well
Authors: Tomaru H , Matsumoto R , Chen Y F , Lu H , Clark I
D
Published: March 2017

Interstitial waters from the JAPEX/JNOC/GSC et al. Mallik 5L-38 gas hydrate production research well were analyzed for Cl-, d18O, and dD (deuterium) to document the process of gas hydrate formation and estimate levels of gas hydrate saturation. Within the zone of
gas hydrate stability, low Cl- concentrations and positive d18O and dD anomalies were observed in interstitial water samples collected from
gas-hydrate-bearing sediments, especially in sands that were highly saturated with gas hydrate. The interstitial water becomes enriched in Cl-, 18O, and D with increasing depth, implying that it was originally derived from river water and that mixing with seawater has changed its composition.
Baseline values of d18O and dD were observed to increase stepwise and can be grouped into six zones. The baseline values increase with depth independently in each zone. It is hypothesized that this zonation arose from changes in the temperature-
pressure conditions for gas hydrate stability that occurred from the last glacial epoch to the present.
Culture-based microbial profiling in sediments of the JAPEX/JNOC/GSC et al. Mallik 5L-38 gas hydrate production research well
Authors: Jain A K , Chhabra B B , Raina A , Kumar M
Published: March 2017

Microbial abundance of methanogens, methanotrophs, sulphate reducers, and denitrifiers in subpermafrost cores of the JAPEX/JNOC/GSC et al. Mallik-5L-38 gas hydrate production research well was determined in sediments above, within, and below the gas hydrate
zones. The abundance of methanogens ranged from 101 to 104 per gram, but could not account for biogenic methane accumulation in gas hydrate or was overwhelmed by the thermogenic signature. Sulphate reducers were not found in the cored intervals, indicating an environment of sulphate depletion.
Denitrifiers were detected in only a few samples, at concentrations ranging from 101 to 102 per gram. The methanotrophs were concentrated, to a maximum of 2700 colony-forming units per gram, in sediments just above the gas hydrate zones, the concentration decreasing with depth. The isolated
methanotroph exhibited thermal tolerance up to 35°C and growth is enhanced at 35°C. The methane in gas hydrate of the deeper zone is of thermogenic origin, whereas some mixing of biogenic methane is apparent in the upper gas hydrate zones.
Analysis of electromagnetic propagation tool response in gas-hydrate-bearing formations
Authors: Sun Y -F , Goldberg D
Published: March 2017

A wireline electromagnetic propagation tool was used for the first time to measure in situ dielectric properties of natural gas hydrate in the JAPEX/JNOC/GSC et al. Mallik 5L-38 well. In this report, the authors provide a method to calculate high-resolution
estimates of in situ gas hydrate saturation from the dielectric logs. The average gas hydrate saturation in the Mallik 5L-38 well was about 80%, ranging from 20% to 95%. The average dielectric constant of the gas-hydrate-bearing zones was 9, ranging from 5 to 20. The average resistivity
wasmore than 5 O.m in the gas hydrate zones, ranging from 2 O.m to 10 O.m at 1.1GHz tool frequency. The dielectric gas hydrate saturation estimates were overall in good agreementwith induction resistivity estimates. The dielectric logs showed similar trends with sonic and induction resistivity logs,
but with much higher vertical resolution (<5 cm). Therefore, dielectric measurement was unique in revealing the fine-scale structure and concentration of gas-hydrate-bearing formations.
Gas hydrate saturation analysis using density and nuclear magnetic-resonance logs from the JAPEX/JNOC/GSC et al. Mallik 5L-38 gas hydrate production research well
Authors: Takayama T , Nishi M , Uchida T , Akihisa K , Sawamura F , Ochiai K
Published: March 2017

Previous studies have shown that density and nuclear magnetic resonance well-log data can be used to accurately calculate reservoir gas saturations. The density - magnetic-resonance method as developed for gas saturation calculations in conventional gas-bearing
reservoirs can also be used for gas hydrate saturation analysis. The density - magnetic-resonance method yields accurate formation porosity and gas and/or gas hydrate saturations without the use of complex equations or assumptions based on empirically derived relations. In this paper, the density -
magnetic-resonancemethod was used to identify gas-hydrate-bearing zones in the sedimentary section penetrated by the JAPEX/JNOC/GSC et al.Mallik 5L-38 well. It was determined that the density - magneticresonance method can calculate gas-corrected porosities and accurate gas hydrate
saturations.
High-resolution seismic imaging of the gas hydrate stability zone at the Mallik L-38 research site
Authors: Miller R D , Hunter J A , Doll W E , Carr B J , Collett T S
Published: March 2017

High-resolution seismic reflection data acquired at the Mallik gas hydrate research site on the northeastern edge of the Mackenzie Delta, Northwest Territories, Canada, demonstrated the feasibility and utility of imaging distinct layers within the gas hydrate
stability zone. High-resolution seismic techniques were able to resolve horizontal and vertical variations in gas hydrate layers 800 - 200 m deep, with a
three-fold improvement in vertical and horizontal resolution as compared to conventional reflection data. The nearly 300 m thick gas-hydrate-rich zone appears continuous across the entire study area, and layering within the zone varies significantly. Vertical changes in seismic character within the
gas hydrate stability zone seem to correlate with concentration of gas hydrate derived from well logs. Gas hydrate layer thicknesses appear to vary by as much as 30% across distances of less than 50 m.
Investigation of airborne magnetic data and magnetic properties of cored rocks from the Mallik gas hydrate field
Authors: Lowe C , Enkin R J , Baker J , Dallimore S
R
Published: March 2017

A feasibility study was undertaken to investigate the potential of magnetic methods for locating gas hydrate occurrences and advancing the understanding of the processes associated with their formation. Detailed magnetic and paleomagnetic measurements were
conducted on recovered core from the JAPEX/JNOC/GSC et al. Mallik 5L-38 research well and magnetic anomaly data over the region were examined. Results demonstrate that growth of gas hydrate is accompanied by diagenetic reactions that reduce iron-bearing minerals and destroy primary magnetism in host
sediments. The source of a magnetic anomaly located over the Mallik gas hydrate field is not well resolved: assuming reasonable source geometries, forward modelling shows that magnetic susceptibilities an order of magnitude larger than those measured in the Mallik 5L-38 well are required. However,
existing data do not discriminate a primary or
secondary origin for the magnetic source.
Production-test planning for the JAPEX/JNOC/GSC et al. Mallik 5L-38 gas hydrate production research well
Authors: Satoh T , Dallimore S R , Collett T
S , Inoue T , Hancock S
H , Moridis G J , Weatherill B
Published: March 2017

The objectives of the production tests conducted at the JAPEX/JNOC/GSC et al. Mallik 5L-38 gas hydrate production research well were to confirm the feasibility of production of natural gas from gas hydrate deposits by depressurization and thermal stimulation, and
to collect sufficient data to determine relevant gas hydrate formation properties. Options investigated for testing the gas hydrate accumulation at
the Mallik well included producing the free-gas interval at the base of the gas hydrate stability zone; conducting small- and/or large-scale pressure-drawdown experiments directly in a gas hydrate zone; inhibitor stimulations; horizontal wells; complex multiple-well experiments; and thermal
stimulations. In the end, considering time and budget constraints, a combination of multiple, small, pressure-drawdown tests and a separate thermal-stimulation test were selected as the best methods to meet the test objectives. This paper reviews the development of the gas hydrate production-test
experiments for the Mallik 5L-38 well.
Overview of pressure-drawdown production-test results for the JAPEX/JNOC/GSC et al. Mallik 5L-38 gas hydrate production research well
Authors: Hancock S H , Dallimore S R , Collett T
S , Carle D , Weatherill B , Satoh T , Inoue T
Published: March 2017

Pressure-drawdown tests were conducted on expected gas hydrate, free gas, and water intervals at the JAPEX/JNOC/GSCet al.Mallik 5L-38 gas hydrate production research well using Schlumberger's Modular Formation Dynamics Tester (MDT)TM wireline tool. Two important
phenomena were observed during the gas hydrate tests: after an initial clean-up flow of borehole fluids, natural gas with small or trace amounts of water was produced; and, upon shut-in, the pressure-transient response displayed porous-media effects with flow contribution significantly away from the
wellbore. Downhole samples of gas and water were also obtained.

Pressure-transient-analysis software cannot incorporate the dynamic effects of gas hydrate dissociation; however, these techniques were used on a preliminary basis in an attempt to understand the significance of the gas hydrate production-test data. This paper presents an overview of the
pressure-drawdown testing operations and results, as well as a preliminary analysis of the gas hydrate porous-media response.
Mississippi Valley-type (MVT) Pb-Zn potential in Middle and Upper Devonian carbonate deposits of northeastern Alberta, and implications for future exploration based on diagenesis and isotope geochemistry
Authors: Rice R J , Lonnee J
Published: March 2017

Middle and Upper Devonian carbonate deposits in northeastern Alberta were investigated in outcrop and core for their Mississippi Valley-type (MVT) lead and zinc potential. A detailed petrographic study indicates that many, but not all, of the diagenetic products
associated with the Pine Point - Presqu'ile Barrier deposits were found. Isotopic analysis of the rocks suggests the diagenetic fluid(s) responsible for dolomitization in the area was modified Devonian seawater. Stable isotope data from the Mikkwa Formation at Harper Creek, and the Methy Formation
at Whitemud Falls, fall within, or are marginal to similar studies on the Pine Point - Presqu'ile Barrier deposits. 87Sr/86Sr values from the Mikkwa Formation at Harper Creek and Vermilion Chutes show some similarities to Pine Point dolomite data. Overall, the integrated data do not rule out the
possibility of MVT Pb-Zn deposits in northeastern Alberta, but do not support exploration at the sites examined.
Microthermometric study of fluids associated with Pb-Zn mineralization in the vicinity of the Pine Point mining camp
Authors: Turner W A
Published: March 2017

A regional study undertaken south and west of Great Slave Lake, Northwest Territories, focused on evaluating the fluids associated with lead-zinc mineralization in the Pine Point mining camp. Microthermometric studies identified two fluid types: Type 1 fluid was
observed in sphalerite and dolomite, and is a moderately low-temperature (respective ave. 86 and 100°C), high-salinity calcic brine (ave. 25 to 27 wt. % CaCl2-NaCl), that was directly involved in the processes that deposited the metals; Type 2 fluid, observed in calcite and celestite, is
slightly lower in temperature (~85°C), is less saline (ave. ~9 wt. % CaCl2-NaCl), and was not involved in metal deposition.
Landsat
Authors: Budkewitsch P , McGregor R G
Published: March 2017

This Landsat-7 ETM+ image is a false colour composite of bands 5-4-3 as rgb.
Bedrock geology and structure
Authors: St-Onge M R , Jackson G D , Henderson I
Published: March 2017

OF4931 - This Open File contains: (1) a geological bedrock compilation (1:500 000 scale); (2) planar and linear structural point data; (3) lithology and mineral assemblage data; (4) sample number, radiometric age, interpretation, dated material, and analytical
method for available geochronology samples; (5) a comprehensive tectonostratigraphic legend for all Archean, Paleoproterozoic, Mesoproterozoic, Neoproterozoic, Ordovician, and Cretaceous to Paleocene map units and structures in the map area; (6) an up-to-date reference list for larger-scale source
maps; and (7) hydrographic features and topographic contours for Baffin Island and adjacent islands (Nunavut) south of 70oN.
Landsat
Authors: Budkewitsch P , McGregor R
Published: March 2017

This Landsat-7 ETM+ image is a false colour composite of bands 5-4-3 and has been pan-sharpened.
Sequence stratigraphy in the western Athabasca Basin of Saskatchewan and Alberta
Authors: Collier B
Published: March 2017

Seven, third-order, mainly fluvial sandstone sequences are interpretedwithin the approximately 1740 - 1640 Ma Athabasca Group in ascending order: Fair Point, Shea Creek, lower Manitou Falls, upper Manitou Falls, lower Wolverine Point, upper Wolverine Point, and
Locker Lake - Otherside. Some sequence boundaries unconformably underlie thin, erosive basal-lag conglomerate and pebbly beds. Conformable sequence boundaries are interpreted at the bases of widespread, approximately 100 - 300 m, upward-fining rhythms that lack pebbles. Although sedimentary patterns
are linked directly to regional faults, continuous sequence thicknesses across them suggest that intrabasinal subsidence created most of the accommodation space in two successive basins. The Jackfish Subbasin received clay-rich, coarse-grained pebbly sandstone of the Fair Point sequence. The
overlying, larger William River Subbasin received finer grained and clay-poor sandy sequences. Significant erosional unconformity and local paleosoils topping the Fair Point sequence separate the geometrically different Jackfish and William River subbasins, indicating that this unconformity is a
second-order sequence boundary.
Offshore oil and natural gas
Authors:   Department of Energy, Mines and Resources Canada
Published: March 2017

This documentary examines how oil and natural gas deposits developed in the sedimentary geological formations deep below the surface of the ocean off the coast of Atlantic Canada.
Terrestrial Paleocene palynofloras, eastern Ellesmere Island, Arctic Canada
Authors: Sweet A R
Published: March 2017

Tertiary outliers along the eastern coast of Ellesmere Island, between Bache Peninsula and Watercourse Valley to the north, yield terrestrial palynological assemblages that are dissimilar in detail but are all probably of Late Paleocene age. A temperature minimum
in the Late Paleocene may offer a possible explanation for the differences in the character of palynological assemblages from Bache Peninsula, Cape Back, Pavy River, and Watercourse Valley. The presence of Trudopollis and allied species in Bache Peninsula strata provide a tie to the palynofl ora of
the Firkanten Formation and overlying Basilika Formation of Spitsbergen and a link to that of Somerset Island, which shares species with fl oras of Axel Hieberg and western Ellesmere islands and with mid-con- tinental North America. More generally, the late Late Paleocene palynofl oras of eastern
Ellesmere Island probably represent a western extension of elements of the Brito-Arctic Igneous Province Flora (BIP).
Continued study of (a) clathrate hydrates and (b) high pressure ice
Authors: Cloutier M J , Kiefte H
Published: March 2017

Using Brillouin spectroscopy, longitudinal velocity measurements are reported for S02, H2S, Freon-11 and propane clathrate hydrates. Similarly elastic constants have been obtained for ice to 2,0 kbar.
Modelling of deep groundwater flow in Saskatchewan
Authors: Garven G , Vigrass L W
Published: March 2017

The finite element method has been used to model numerically the hydrodynamics of the Williston structural basin along three transects of the basin. The numerical results show that surface topography and extent of salt beds are important controls on the flow
patterns. Cross formational flow is especially important near the downdip edge of regional salt beds. Flow rates are quite low (0.5 m/year) even when quite high permeabilities are assumed for the lower Paleozoic section. Nevertheless, the flow rates are able to perturb the temperature field that
results from conductive heat flow. The temperature perturbations resulting from fluid flow have important implications for geothermal energy applications and also influence maturation of petroleum source beds. The results have important implications for petroleum migration, genesis of salt solution
structures, and several other practical problems.
Geothermal mine air heating
Authors: Cousins R J
Published: March 2017

This study follows an earlier conceptual level investigation that examined the potential for geothermal heating of mine ventilation air in the Saskatchewan potash mining industry. That investigation showed geothermal heating to be technically simple and an
economic means for reducing natural gas consumption and mine heating energy costs. The findings confirmed the generally favourable technical and economic conditions fo~ geothermal heating except for one important area relating to tax . This concerns the Provincial Resource Payment Agreement, or
PRPA, a form of royalty payment to the provincial government that imposes a further level of taxon income. The graduated portion of the PRPA effectively limits retained savings, after-tax, ta between 10 to 30t of each dollar saved rather than the 50 to 60t normally remaining after payment of
conventional corporate taxes.
Summerland Basin hydrogeological study
Authors:   D.R. Piteau and Associates Limited
Published: March 2017

This hydrogeological study of the Summerland Basin, British Columbia, is based on existing groundwater records and reports, chemical analysis of groundwater samples from springs, hydrogeological observations, evaluation of the basin groundwater budget, and
computer modelling of groundwater flow and heat transport. No data was available from the deeper parts of the basin, and no identification could be made anywhere of water which had come from great depths. At present the dominant amount of groundwater recharge enters and discharges from shallow flow
systems, and the natural groundwater flow through the deep basin across an 8-km section is estimated to be 3L/s.
The Kapuskasing Structural Zone, seismic refraction experiment - 1984, a Phase I LITHOPROBE experiment, crustal seismic refraction profiles across the Kapuskasing Structural Zone, north-west Ontario
Authors: Northey D J , West G F
Published: March 2017

The Kapuskasing structural zone (KSZ) is a 500km long, NNE trending, linear region of high-grade metamorphic rocks that transects the east-west structural grain of the central Archean Superior Province of the Canadian Shield. The feature has recently been
interpreted as an obducted and eroded slice through the top two thirds of continental crust. The KSZ could therefore provide a.n ideal natural laboratory for study of Archean lower crustal processes. In July 1984 a total of 20 large shots were observed by seven spreads each with 60 recorders.
Recording was concentrated on profile lines 350-450km long. Over 1130 seismograms were generated, and many shots were recorded on up to 21 stations of the ECTN network.
Nature and history of ground ice in the Yukon - isotope investigations
Authors: Michel F A
Published: March 2017

Massive ice and ice-rich sediments from a number of sites in central and northern Yukon have been examined stratigraphically and isotopically. Within the central Yukon, ice-wedge ice, segregated ice and frost-blister ice have been identified. Along the northern
Yukon coastal plain, massive ice and ice-rich sediments, exposed in the headwalls of progressive thaw slides, have been interpreted as ice-wedge ice, segregated ice and buried glacier ice. The buried glacier ice, probably of early Wisconsinan age, exists near King Point, Kay Point, and on Herschel
Island in what have been described as ice-thrust moraines. Each ice type displays a characteristic isotopic signature which is useful in identifying the origin of the ice.
1984 investigation of geothermal energy resources, Atlantic Provinces
Authors:   John A. Leslie and Associates Limited
Published: March 2017

Data pertinent to the assessment of the geothermal energy resources of the Atlantic Provinces have been compiled and collected. Warm water in sedimentary basins and hot dry rock within Palaeozoic intrusives are considered as potential geothermal resources and,
therefore, constituted the principal study areas. The study included the drilling of a 483 m deep hole in the Wedgeport batholith of Nova Scotia, to assess the potential for hot, dry rock geothermal energy. The thermal gradient is low, approximately 20 mK/m, which is not high enough for further
consideration of the batholith. A temperature log of the borehole drilled in 1983 in Charlottetown shows that the thermal gradient there has reached an equilibrium value of 14 mK/m.
Study of existing temperature data from Canadian basins - phase IV
Authors: Jones F W , Majorowicz J A
Published: March 2017

Over 8400 bottom-hole temperature (BHT) values from the Canadian part of the Williston Basin have been analysed and a temperature anomaly has been discovered in the Weyburn area of southeastern Saskatchewan. Regional heat flow variations are observed, and these
are closely related to the hydrodynamics which is governed by the topography and geology. The blanketing effect of low conductivity shaly formations may cause a temperature anomaly in the south where the thickest Phanerozoic cover exists. However, the Weyburn anomaly can be only partly explained in
this way. Hydrodynamics has also contributed to the formation of this temperature anomaly. Preliminary examination of data from the Northwest Territories has commenced.
A study of well logs in the western Northwest Territories and Yukon to outline permafrost thickness and/or gas hydrate occurrence
Authors:   Hardy Associates (1978) Limited
Published: March 2017

Downhole well logs have been analysed for 220 exploration holes drilled between latitudes 60°N and 68°N and longitudes 112°W and 114°W. In each well evidence was sought for evidence of permafrost and/or gas hydrates. Maps and tables summarize
the interpretation.
Acquisition and field testing of an integrated system to instrument an offshore well for the purpose of recording wellbore temperatures
Authors: Woodroffe D S ,   Dobrocky SEATECH Limited
Published: March 2017

procedures for the acquisition of a geothermal data collection system designed for arctic offshore wells. As such it complements E. P.B . Open- File# 82-14 describing a system comprising a l000m thermistor cable, a sea-bottom data transmission system and a sea-
ice based data acquisition package . Arctic trials in 300 m deep waters are documented.
Canadian evaluation of the MACROMETER(TM) INTERFEROMETRIC SURVEYOR
Authors: Valliant H D
Published: March 2017

A field trial with the MACROMETERtm INTERFEROMETRIC SURVEYOR was made in the vicinity of Ottawa, Canada during July and August 1983, using two V-1000 single frequency receivers. Despite persistent hardware problems 26 baseline determinations were made over a
variety of distances, ranging from 30m to 65 km. Reduction of the data using Macrometrics, Inc. software showed an agreement with conventional values on the short baselines, 30 m and 2200 m, of 4 and 9 nm respectively. On longer baselines from 13 to 65 km the standard deviation of a single
observation ranged from 0.3 to 3.0 ppm of the baseline length in all three coordinates. Latitudes and longtitudes on the longer baselines also agree with currently available geodetic values to within a few ppm of the baseline length. Height differences appear to within 25 cm of the estimated geoid
heights. Agreement is generally within the error limits of established data. An improved definition of the geodetic network is required before a more definitive comparison can be made.
Nature's force is a cautionary tale and a spectacular show
Authors:   Natural Resources Canada
Published: March 2017

Contained within the Atlas of Canada Poster Map Series, is a poster showing natural hazards in Canada. The two-sided poster map provides an overview of Canadian catastrophes over space and time. Major Canadian natural hazards including earthquakes, tsunamis,
landslides, avalanches, tornadoes and floods are documented graphically from 1663 until 1991. Explanations of each hazard help the reader understand it within the context of other Canadian events throughout history. Natural Hazards is jointly published by Emergency Preparedness Canada of the
Department of National Defense, Geomatics Canada of the Department of Natural Resources Canada and Canadian Geographic Enterprises.
Land Cover of Canada
Authors:   Natural Resources Canada
Published: March 2017

Contained within the Atlas of Canada's Various Map Series, 1965 to 2006, is map which shows the distribution of land cover types across Canada. The images are Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer data, which means very precise detail, is shown on the map. The
land cover map contains 31 land cover classes: 12 forest; 3 shrub land; 6 barren land and grassland; 7 developed land types including cropland; mosaic and built-up areas; and 2 non vegetable land cover types. Base data is limited to a small selection to populated places and major roads. The right
hand panel of the map gives pictures and descriptions for each of the 31 land cover classes. The imagery data are from 1995.
The World (2000)
Authors:   Natural Resources Canada
Published: March 2017

Contained within the Atlas of Canada's Reference Map Series, 1961 to 2010, is a map that shows international boundaries (and their status) current to January 2000. By means of capital type (for sovereign country names) and upper-lower type (for dependencies), the
map indicates the status of all parts of the World. Places and geographical features within countries use local versions of names. However, a table on the map gives the commonly-used versions of some of these names. Populated places are shown in three size classes. The map has a table giving air
distances between major cities and a table listing two-letter abbreviations for selected countries.
North America (Back) (1995)
Authors:   Natural Resources Canada
Published: March 2017

Contained within the Atlas of Canada's Reference Map Series, 1961 to 2010, is a back side of the foldable version of the 1995 North America map. The back side of the map has two large tables. The smaller table gives the names of states, provinces and territories
in each of Canada, U.S.A., and Mexico, indicating their accepted abbreviation, and giving their two-letter postal short form. The main table is an index to all populated places shown on the map, indicating their country (and the state abbreviation for places in Canada, U.S.A., and Mexico), with a
grid-reference to the map on the front side.
Canada, status of topographical mapping, 1:250 000
Authors:   Canada Centre for Mapping
Published: March 2017

Contained within the Atlas of Canada's Various Map Series, 1965 to 2006, is a bilingual map that how status of 1:250 000 mapping as of 1994. The base map has the grid of 1:250 000 sheet outlines, and each square is coloured in one of four colours to indicate the
latest revision status of each of map. All parts of Canada are mapped at this scale. The map was produced by the Topographic Mapping group of Natural Resources Canada, although no authorship is given.
Canada
Authors:   Natural Resources Canada
Published: March 2017

Contained within the Atlas of Canada's Reference Map Series, 1961 to 2010, is a bilingual map of Canada. This map is an update of the 2000 Edition of MCR 100. The main change inlcuded in the 2004 map is the change of Newfoundland's name to Newfoundland and
Labrador (which occurred in 2001). This map shows provincial and territorial boundaries. Also shown is Canada's 200 mile offshore limit. Populated places are classified in six size categories. Roads are grouped into three categories (expressways, major roads and other roads). Railways and ferry
routes are also shown. The map shows all of Canada's national parks, and all of Canada's World Heritage sites. Bathymetric contours are used for all saltwater areas. Because this map does not have urban insets, a much larger coverage area is given for the United States. Data is mainly as of
2000-2004, with the 2001 Census being used as the data source for populated places.
Acoustic Properties of Clathrate Hydrates and Hydrate Saturated Porous Rocks.
Authors: King M S
Published: March 2017

Preliminary studies of the elastic wave velocities in a structure 0 0 II hydrate over a temperature range of -17.4 C to+ 2.4 C have shown both p and s-wave velocities to be lower than for ice, the p-wave measurement lies 10% below a theoretical estimate made.
Sorne interesting qualitative relationships have been observed in comparing the seismic wave attenuation with that in ice. These will be investigated further as a possible down-hole detection tool to discriminate unambiguously between hydrate and ice.
Heat flow studies in the SOHM Abyssal Plain and their relevance to nuclear waste disposal investigations
Authors: Burgess M , Judge A
Published: March 2017

In June 1980 geothermal investigations were conducted in a 10 km x 10 km flat study area in the southern Sohm Abyssal Plain, western North Atlantic Ocean. These measurements formed part of a major oceanographic expedition, on board the C.S.S. Hudson, to study the
nature of abyssal plain sediments and their suitability for hosting implanted canisters of nuclear waste. The geothermal programme investigated the thermal characteristics of the sediments: their thermal properties and temperature gradients. 450 thermal conductivity measurements on retrieved
sediment cores range from .74 to 2.12 Wm-1 K-1, averaging 1Wm-1K-1. Sediment temperature gradients range from 35.0 to 68.4 mKm-1 and average 54.4 mKm-1 for 6 gradiometer probe penetrations. Sediment temperature profiles are non-linear indicating perturbations to the thermal regime, such as vertical
convection of interstitial waters or changes in bottom water temperature, may exist.
Investigation of Moisture Movements and Stresses in Frozen Soils
Authors: Williams P J , Wood J A
Published: March 2017

An apparatus has been developed for the measurement of pressure changes in frozen soils during thermally induced moisture migration. The results are analyzed from a thermodynamic perspective, and from that of current theory on the rheological properties of frozen
soils. The regelation-transport mechanism was also investigated and the results found to be in close agreement with the values predicted by the Clapeyron equation. A review of recent developments in the concept of frost heaving as well as current theory on the mechanism of water migration in frozen
soils completes the report.
Extraction de la cellulose du bois des tourbes pour l'analyse isotopique de l'oxygène (18O/16O) et de l'hydrogène (D/H)
Authors: Lauriol B
Published: March 2017

This report presents a method for the extraction of cellulose from current and fossil vegetal matter with the aim of establishing a paleoclimatic curve from ratios of isotopie Hydrogen and Oxygen in the cellulose.
Study of well logs in the Mackenzie Delta-Beaufort Sea area to outline permafrost thickness and/or gas hydrate occurrence
Authors: Norquay I P ,   The D&S Group
Published: March 2017

The available downhole logs for 161 wells drilled in the Mackenzie Delta - Beaufort Sea area of northern Canada were examined for indications of the presence of ground-ice and clathrate hydrates . In the report the just i fication for each of the picks of
permafrost thickness are presented together with a map showing the distribution of permafrost . Results are compared with the downhole temperature observations of the Geothermal Service of Canada.
Detection of permafrost base in thick permafrost areas - transient electromagnetic survey in Mackenzie Delta area, NWT
Authors:   GEO-PHYSI-CON Company Ltd.
Published: March 2017

Electromagnetic soundings were carried out along on two lines in the Mackenzie Delta area to test the technique for ability to map the base of permafrost and to detect internal detail within the main body of the permafrost . Aline in the north-east of Parson's
Lake indicated permafrost thickness in good agreement with geothermal data but revealed that no permafrost exists beneath the lake itself . A second line across the Taglu area confirmed the relative constancy of the permafrost base across the area contrasted with the great complexity of shallow
permafrost conditions. This area appears to be on onshore analogue of the offshore Beaufort Sea.
Investigation of soil freezing in association with buried chilled pipeline in a large scale test facility - phase 2
Authors:   Geotechnical Sciences Labs, Carleton University
Published: March 2017

The report describes the second year of activities under the Canada-France joint research program at the controlled environment facility in Caen. The initial report (Open File 82-18) described the initial instrumentation and preparation of the facility. In the
past year chilled air was circulated through the pipe causing the previously unfrozen ground to freeze. The ensuing changes in temperature of the ground, the redistribution of water, the growth of a frost bulb, changes in surface morphology and the resulting stress on and deformation of the pipe,
have all been monitored. Frost has penetrated to 0.3 to 0.5 m below in the centreline of the pipe in the 250 days since commencement of chilling. Differential freezing and ice aggradation in the two lithological units of very different frost susceptability has led to a differential displacement of
the pipe of 11 cm over a horizontal distance of 16 m. At the boundary between the two units the vertical to horizontal displacement gradient is approximately 1 in 100.
Canadian seismograph operations - 1982
Authors: Shannon W E , Munro P S , Schieman D R J , Halliday R J
Published: March 2017

At the end of 1982 the Division of Seismology and Geomagnetism of the Earth Physics Branch, Department of Energy, Mines and resources operated or contracted the operation of 17 standard seismograph stations, 35 regional stations, 2 telemetered networks based at
Ottawa and Sidney, B.C., a medium aperture array at Yellowknife, a strong- motion seismograph network on the West Coast and several special or temporary seismographs. This report gives the characteristics of the various systems and describes the format and availability of the recorded
data.
A quasiconformal composition problem for the $Q$-spaces
Authors: Koskela Pekka , Xiao Jie , Zhang Yi Ru-Ya , Zhou Yuan
Published: March 2017

Given a quasiconformal mapping

f:{\mathbb R}^n\to{\mathbb R}^n

with

n\ge2

, we show that (un-)boundedness of the composition operator

{\mathbf C}_f

on the spaces

Q_{\alpha}({\mathbb R}^n)

depends on the index

\alpha

and the degeneracy set of the Jacobian

J_f

. We establish sharp results in terms of the index

\alpha

and the local/global self-similar Minkowski dimension of the degeneracy set of

J_f

. This gives a solution to [3, Problem 8.4] and also reveals a completely new phenomenon, which is totally different from the known results for Sobolev, BMO, Triebel–Lizorkin and Besov spaces. Consequently, Tukia–Väisälä's quasiconformal extension

f:{\mathbb R}^n\to{\mathbb R}^n

of an arbitrary quasisymmetric mapping

g:{\mathbb R}^{n-p}\to {\mathbb R}^{n-p}

is shown to preserve

Q_{\alpha} ({\mathbb R}^n)

for any

(\alpha,p)\in (0,1)\times[2,n)\cup(0,1/2)\times\{1\}

. Moreover,

Q_{\alpha}({\mathbb R}^n)

is shown to be invariant under inversions for all

0<\alpha<1

.
Adequate subgroups and indecomposable modules
Authors: Guralnick Robert M. , Herzig Florian , Tiep Pham Huu
Published: March 2017

The notion of adequate subgroups was introduced by Jack Thorne [60]. It is a weakening of the notion of big subgroups used by Wiles and Taylor in proving automorphy lifting theorems for certain Galois representations. Using this idea, Thorne was able to strengthen many automorphy lifting theorems. It was shown in [22] and [23] that if the dimension is smaller than the characteristic then almost all absolutely irreducible representations are adequate. We extend the results by considering all absolutely irreducible modules in characteristic p of dimension p. This relies on a modified definition of adequacy, provided by Thorne in [61], which allows p to divide the dimension of the module. We prove adequacy for almost all irreducible representations of SL

_2 (p^a)

in the natural characteristic and for finite groups of Lie type as long as the field of definition is sufficiently large. We also essentially classify indecomposable modules in characteristic p of dimension less than

2p-2

and answer a question of Serre concerning complete reducibility of subgroups in classical groups of low dimension.
Hopf algebras and universal Chern classes
Authors: Moscovici Henri , Rangipour Bahram
Published: March 2017

We construct a variant

\mathcal K_n

of the Hopf algebra

\mathcal H_n

, which acts directly on the noncommutative model for the space of leaves of a general foliation rather than on its frame bundle. We prove that the Hopf cyclic cohomology of

\mathcal K_n

is isomorphic to that of the pair

(\mathcal H_n, \mathfrak {gl}_n)

and thus consists of the universal Hopf cyclic Chern classes. We also realize these classes in terms of geometric cocycles.
Divided differences in noncommutative geometry: Rearrangement Lemma, functional calculus and expansional formula
Authors: Lesch Matthias
Published: March 2017

We state a generalization of the Connes–Tretkoff–Moscovici Rearrangement Lemma and give a surprisingly simple (almost trivial) proof of it. Secondly, we put on a firm ground the multivariable functional calculus used implicitly in the Rearrangement Lemma and elsewhere in the recent modular curvature paper by Connes and Moscovici [3]. Furthermore, we show that the fantastic formulas connecting the one and two variable modular functions of loc. cit. are just examples of the plenty recursion formulas which can be derived from the calculus of divided differences. We show that the functions derived from the main integral occurring in the Rearrangement Lemma can be expressed in terms of divided differences of the Logarithm, generalizing the “modified Logarithm” of Connes–Tretkoff [4].

Finally, we show that several expansion formulas related to the Magnus expansion [13] have a conceptual explanation in terms of a multivariable functional calculus applied to divided differences.