bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kemalpaşazȃde Said Bey ve “Hukuku Siyasiye-i Osmaniye Dersleri” (1329) Üzerine Notlar
Authors: AKKAYA Rukiye
Published: December 2023

Kemalpaşazâde Said Bey’in (1848-1921), Mekteb-i Hukuk-ı Şâhâne’de anlattığı Hukuk-ı Siyâsiye-i Osmaniye başlığını taşıyan ders notları, Latin harflerine aktarıldı ve günümüz Türkçesine uyarlaması yapılarak basıldı. Bu ders notları, Mekteb-i Hukuk-ı Şâhâne’de anlatılan, Kamu Hukuku derslerinin içeriğine dair önemli ipuçları vermektedir. 1885’te (1301) mektepte öğrenci olan Abdurrahman Adil Eren, ders notlarını 1913’te İstanbul’da yayınlamıştı. I. Meşrutiyet’in siyasi atmosferi dikkate alınarak, yeni başlayan hukuk eğitimi ve kamu hukuku dersleri bir model oluşturması açısından değerlidir. Derslerde anlatılan temel başlıklarda, toplumun köklerine dair Aristocu görüşün ve modern anlamda yasa/yasama tanımlarının verildiğini görüyoruz. Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’nun, 19. yüzyılda gerçekleştirdiği modernleşme aşamalarının, hukuka ve insan haklarına bir yansıması olan Hukuk-ı Siyâsiye-i Osmaniye derslerine getirdiğimiz eleştiriler, ders notlarının değerini düşürmez. Siyasal gelişmelerin; hukuki dönüşümleri nasıl etkilediği, dönemin hâkim entelektüel argümanı olan oryantalizme kurban edilmeden anlatılmaktadır. Modern hukuk eğitiminde; müfredatı görmek açısından ilk Anayasa Hukuku, ilk İnsan Hakları Hukuku, ilk Genel Kamu Hukuku kitabı sayabileceğimiz bu eser derslerin öğreti seviyesi konusunda da bir fikir vermektedir.

Çalışmada, ders notlarında yer verilen ana kavramlar; devlet, toplum, hukukun ve yasanın kaynağı gibi tematik unsurlar incelenmiştir.1839 Tanzimat Fermanı, 1856 Islahat Fermanı ve

1876 Kanun-ı Esasisi’nin, insan haklarına ilişkin maddelerinin; “eşitlik”, “özgürlük” ve “yasa” kavramları arasındaki ilişkinin, Said Bey tarafından nasıl yorumlandığı üzerinde durulmuştur.
İslam Hukukunda Kültür Varlıklarının Korunması ve Heykellerin Yıkılması Meselesi
Authors: AKGÜN Muhammed Raşit
Published: December 2023

Kültür varlıklarının korunması hukuku, klasik fıkıh kaynaklarında doğrudan tanzim edilmiş değildir. Ancak bazı fıkıh hükümleri dolaylı olarak kültürel mirasın korunmasına hizmet eder. Bilhassa vakıflar ile gayrimüslim mabetlerine dair hükümler bu kapsamda değerlendirilebilir. Define ve lukata mefhumları ise tam manasıyla kültür varlığı kavramıyla bağdaştırılamaz. Çağdaş İslam hukuku literatüründe kültür varlıklarının tâbi olduğu mülkiyet rejimi ile mal olma vasfı hakkında muhtelif görüşler vardır. Fukaha, genel olarak resim ve heykelleri ancak belli şartlarla mübah kabul eder. Esas tartışma ise putların yıkılmasının lüzumu meselesindedir. İslam hukukçularının ekseriyeti kültür varlığı niteliğindeki heykellerin tahribine karşı çıkarken tahribe ruhsat verenler de vardır. İki taraf da görüşlerini kitap, sünnet, kıyas ve sedd-i zerâi gibi delillere dayandırarak müdafaa eder. Tarafların delilleri, İslam tarihindeki tatbikat da göz önüne alarak değerlendirildiğinde, kültür varlıklarının muhafaza edilmesinin İslam hukukuna uygun olduğu neticesine ulaşılır.
İhtiyati Tedbire Muhalefet
Authors: BAYTAZ Abdullah Batuhan , ACAR Ayşe Ece
Published: December 2023

İhtiyati tedbirin etkin olabilmesi ve tedbirden beklenen yararın sağlanabilmesi için Hukuk Muhakemeleri Kanunu’nda yer verilen ihtiyati tedbire muhalefetin cezasına ilişkin düzenleme, Kanun’un 398. maddesinde yer almaktadır. İhtiyati tedbire muhalefete ve bunun yaptırımına dair düzenleme incelenirken, maddi unsur kapsamında, tedbire muhalefeti gerçekleştirebilecek kişiler, tedbire muhalefetin konusu ve ilgili fiil ele alınmalıdır. Bu kapsamda söz konusu düzenleme Hukuk Muhakemeleri Kanunu’nda yer almakta olsa dahi, ceza hukukuna dair prensipler çerçevesinde değerlendirilmelidir.
İdarenin İhbar veya Şikâyetin İşleme Konulmaması Kararı Verme Yetkisi Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme
Authors: ZEYBEK CEBECİ Ebru
Published: December 2023

Anayasa kapsamında memurlar ve diğer kamu görevlileri hakkında ceza kovuşturulması yapılması istisnalar dışında izne tabi tutulmuştur. Anayasa’da belirlenen hüküm doğrultusunda memur ve görevlilerinin görevleri sebebiyle işledikleri suçlardan dolayı yargılanmalarına ilişkin izin usulü 4483 sayılı Memurlar ve Diğer Kamu Görevlilerinin Yargılanması Hakkında Kanunla düzenlenmiştir. Kanuna göre izin verilmesi sürecini başlatan usullerden biri memurlar ve diğer kamu görevlileri hakkında idareye yapılan ihbar ve şikayetlerdir. İhbar ve şikayet üzerine yetkili idari merci ilgili personel hakkında ceza kovuşturması yapılabilmesi için izin verilip verilmemesi yönünde karar almadan önce değerlendirme yaparak ya ön soruşturma yapacak ya da yaptıracak yahut da Kanunda sayılan koşulların varlığı halinde ihbar ve şikâyetin işleme konulmaması yönünde karar verebilecektir. İhbar ve şikâyetin işleme konulabilmesi için Kanunda düzenlenen yapılmış olmaları gereklidir. Aksi halde ihbar ve şikâyet işleme konulmayacaktır. Bununla birlikte Kanunda ihbar ve şikâyet taşıması gereken niteliklerin düzenleniş biçimi ve idarenin kendini ihbar ve şikâyetin niteliğinin değerlendirilmesi hususunda yasa koyucunun iradesini aşacak şekilde yetkili görmesi uygulamada ihbar ve şikayetlerin keyfi bir şekilde işleme koyulmamasına yol açabilmektedir. Çalışmamızda 4483 sayılı Kanun kapsamında memurlar ve diğer kamu görevlileri hakkında suç işledikleri gerekçesiyle idareye yapılan ihbar ve şikayetlerin işleme alınma koşulları açıklanarak, bu hususta idareye kanunla verilen yetki üzerine değerlendirmeler yapılması amaçlanmıştır.
SOSIALISASI TUNTASKAN WARGA YANG PUTUS SEKOLAH DI KELURAHAN PEKAPURAN RAYA DENGAN BELAJAR PENDIDIKAN KESETARAAN PAKET A, B, DAN C DI PKBM MELATI KOTA BANJARMASIN
Authors: Desy Hidayati
Published: December 2023

Pendidikan dilahirkan untuk memperbaiki segala kebobrokan yang sudah menggumpal di segala sendi kehidupan bangsa ini. Pendidikan adalah media mencerdaskan kehidupan bangsa dan membangun tatanan bangsa yang berbalut dengan nilai – nilai kepintaran, kepekaan, dan kepedulian terhadap kehidupan berbangsa dan bernegara. Dengan demikian, pendidikan kesetaraan PKBM Melati Banjarmasin yang terletak di Pekapuran Raya sudah mendukung kegiatan pendidikan salah satunya yang putus sekolah untuk terus memberantas para pendidikan yang putus sekolah agar dapat menerima hak pendidikan. Pelaksanaan yang dilaksanakan di PKBM Melati di Kelurahan Pekapuran Raya tersebut mensosialisasikan tentang menuntaskan warga yang putus sekolah dengan belajar pendidikan kesetaraan paket A, B dan C di PKBM Melati Kota Banjarmasin. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat bertujuan untuk mensetarakan tanpa harus memilih baik dari usia, jabatan serta agama, yang penting pada sosialisasi tersebut disampaikan bahwa pendidikan dalam upaya mensetarakan pendidikan tidak pandang apapun, pendidikan akhlak, agama, dan pendidikan yang ada di sekolah pada umumnya. Pelaksanaan pendidikan kesetaraan paket A, B, dan C di PKBM Melati di Pekapuran Raya lebih fokus dan berguna bagi warga belajar dengan kegiatan yang dilaksanakan di PKBM Melati selama proses belajar pendidikan yang diajarkan sesuai jurusan tutor, ada pula pendidikan agama, pelatihan agama dan praktik memasak atau latihan seni dan kreatif anak lainnya, mereka juga mendapat fasilitas tempat, pendidikan, biaya dibebaskan, dan didampingi serta dibina menjadi pendidikan yang setara pada tingkat sekolah pada umumnya.
Dari Guru-Laghu ke Pedhotan: Upaya Menafsirkan Perubahan Metrum Kakawin Menjadi Sekar Ageng
Authors: Yudhistira Naufal Anggito
Published: December 2023

Sekar ageng or kawi miring is a type of Javanese chanted poetry that was popular in the Surakarta-Yogyakarta literature. This type of poetry is a continuation of the kakawin tradition of Old Javanese literature. However, there is a dark gulf between the emergence of the Sekar Ageng and the end of the kakawin tradition in Java. This study seeks to reveal the relationship between kakawin and Sekar Ageng and the transformation of kakawin's poetry prosody into Sekar Ageng. This study adheres to structuralism which departs from the linguistic aspect. Because this study examines the metre of the poetry that should be chanted, in addition to the linguistic element, it is also associated with the musical element. From this research, it can be seen that Sekar Ageng was well known in the era of Mataram Islam and was a continuation of the kakawin tradition. The pedhotan element is closely related to the location of the kakawin long syllables. Kakawin syllables are crystallized in musical aspect and syllabic-melismatic syllables in Sekar Ageng. In terms of sasmitaning tembang, it is influenced by the kakawin tradition as well as macapat.

---

Sekar ageng atau kawi miring adalah jenis puisi Jawa bertembang yang populer di era kesusastraan Surakarta-Yogyakarta. Jenis puisi ini merupakan kelanjutan tradisi kakawin dari kesusastraan Jawa Kuna. Walau begitu, ada suatu jurang gelap antara kemunculan sekar ageng dan akhir tradisi kakawin di Jawa. Penelitian ini berusaha mengungkapkan hubungan antara kakawin dan sekar ageng serta transformasi prosodi puisi kakawin menjadi sekar ageng. Penelitian ini berpegang pada strukturalisme yang bertolak dari aspek kebahasaan. Oleh sebab penelitian ini mengkaji metrum puisi yang bertembang, maka selain unsur kebahasaan juga mengkaitkan dengan unsur musikalnya. Dari penelitian ini dapat diketahui bahwa sekar ageng sudah dikenal di era Mataram Islam dan merupakan kelanjutan tradisi kakawin. Unsur pedhotan terkait erat dengan letak suku kata panjang kakawin. Panjang-pendek suku kata kakawin terkristalisasi dalam unsur seni suara dan suku kata silabis-melismatis yang ada dalam sekar ageng. Dari segi sasmitaning tembang, sekar ageng dipengaruhi tradisi kakawin juga macapat.
Surat Perjanjian dan Relasi Kuasa dalam Naskah Peti Kesultanan Ternate 113 A 1/22
Authors: Ghozali Ahmad Sulton , Christomy Tommy
Published: December 2023

Penelitian ini membedah naskah peti 113 A 1/22, salah satu koleksi arsip Sultan Ternate yang berisi perjanjian dengan pemerintah kolonial Belanda terkait pemindahan 150 prajurit Ternate sebagai bala bantuan pada tahun 1805. Kendati berada dalam perjanjian yang menempatkan kedua pihak berada dalam posisi yang seolah setara, naskah tersebut membingkai beragam gagasan seputar relasi kuasa. Penelitian dilakukan dengan pendekatan secara kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif dan pengumpulan data melalui studi pustaka. Setelah dilakukan tahap filologi untuk membuka isi naskah, teori Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) dari Van Dijk dan teori kuasa dari perspektif Foucault digunakan sebagai teori dan metode dalam analisis. Hasil penelitian ini mengungkapkan adanya gagasan relasi kuasa yang dibangun dalam level mikro berupa sarana diskursif (konsensus, sarana retorik, dan leksikalisasi), level superstruktur seputar struktur surat perjanjian, dan level makro seputar gagasan penjajah-terjajah dan gagasan governmentality yang diturunkan ke penguasa lokal.
Kesultanan Aceh di Mata Turki Utsmani Abad XIX: Kajian Atas Naskah Diplomatik Abdurrahman Az-Zahir
Authors: Azzahra Humaira
Published: December 2023

The relationship between the Aceh Sultanate and the Ottoman Turks in the 19th century was motivated by European colonialization. In a state of threatened sovereignty, the Aceh Sultanate rallied strength by sending its representative, Abdurrahman az-Zahir, to bring letters to the Ottoman Turks. This research examines the contents of the Aceh Sultanate's diplomatic letters to the Ottoman Turks in the 19th Century. These letters are now stored in the Turkish Archives, Istanbul. There are four letters that make up the research corpus, including the Aceh Hajj Pilgrimage 63 Petition, the letter to the Leaders of the Hijaz, the Letter of Sultan Mahmud Syah, and the Letter of Abdurrahman az-Zahir. This study uses a philological approach in examining the contents of the manuscript. The purpose of this study is to reveal the status of the Sultanate of Aceh in relation to the Ottoman Turks in the 19th Century. The result of the research shows that the relationship between the Sultanate of Aceh and the Ottoman Turks in that century was a friendly relationship between two countries that were equal. The Aceh Sultanate was not a vassal state (follower) of the Ottoman Turks.

---

Hubungan Kesultanan Aceh dengan Turki Utsmani pada abad 19 dilatarbelakangi oleh kolonialisasi yang digencarkan Eropa. Dalam kondisi kedaulatan yang terancam, Kesultanan Aceh menggalang kekuatan dengan cara mengutus perwakilannya, Abdurrahman az-Zahir, untuk membawa surat ke Turki Utsmani. Penelitian ini mengkaji isi naskah surat-surat diplomatik Kesultanan Aceh ke Turki Utsmani pada Abad 19. Surat-surat tersebut kini tersimpan di Badan Arsip Turki, Istanbul. Terdapat empat surat yang menjadi korpus penelitian, diantaranya adalah Petisi 63 Jamaah Haji Aceh, Surat untuk Pemimpin Hijaz, Surat Sultan Mahmud Syah, dan Surat Abdurrahman az-Zahir. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan filologi dalam mengkaji isi teks surat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengungkapkan status Kesultanan Aceh dalam relasinya dengan Turki Utsmani di abad 19. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hubungan antara Kesultanan Aceh dengan Turki Utsmani pada abad tersebut merupakan hubungan persahabatan dua negara yang setara. Kesultanan Aceh bukan merupakan negara vasal (pengikut) dari Turki Utsmani.
Antifungal Activity of Citrus Limon Leaf Extracts against Fungal Pathogens Isolated from Decaying Potato Tubers in Supermarkets of the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa
Authors: Ehiobu John Meomikem
Published: December 2023

Globally, fungal pathogens pose severe threats to stored cereal and tuber crops, resulting in substantial losses in economic crops. This study investigated the inhibitory activities of aqueous, ethanol, and acetone leaf extracts of Citrus limon L. Osbeck against the mycelial growth of Curvularia mebaldsii, Fusarium oxysporum, and Penicillium species isolated from spoilt potato tubers retailed within supermarkets in Eastern Cape Province, South Africa. Various concentrations (100 g/L, 50 g/L, and 25 g/L) of the C. limon leaf extracts (aqueous, acetone and ethanol) were prepared and (5 mL) amended with potato dextrose agar (oxoid, UK) previously inoculated with the 7-day old culture of each fungal isolates before incubation at 28 oC. The percentage growth inhibition was determined to evaluate the antifungal efficacy of each extract. Aqueous, ethanol and acetone extracts at 50g/L and 100 g/L displayed 100 % inhibition against all three pathogens except Penicillium sp. with 91.0 - 90.97 % inhibition. The ethanol and acetone extracts had the most inhibitory effects against F. oxysporum C. mebaldsii. In contrast, the aqueous extracts displayed the least effects, though not significantly different (p0.05) across the concentrations. The notable antifungal effects against F. oxysporum, a prominent pathogen of post-harvest spoilage of potatoes, suggest the potential use of C. limon extracts to enhance the shelf-life of potatoes in supermarkets, specifically, and for post-harvest storage in general.
Efficacy of New Chemistry Insecticides against Brinjal Shoot and Fruit Borer (Leucinodes orbonalis)
Authors: Nisar Muhammad Shahid , Zia Khuram , Faheem Muhammad , Maqbool Muhammad Mudassar , Malik Saba
Published: December 2023

Solanum melongena, or brinjal, a vital vegetable crop in Pakistan, faces significant damage from the primary pest, brinjal shoot and fruit borer (BSFB), Leucinodes orbonalis , highlighting the urgent need for new chemistry insecticides. The present study investigated the impact of various insecticides on the infestation of BSFB). All insecticides demonstrated a significant reduction in infestation compared to the control, with varying levels of effectiveness. Emamectin benzoate and chlorantraniliprole emerged as the most effective, achieving a 13.33% infestation reduction at 15 days after spray (DAS). Lambda cyhalothrins exhibited similar infestation levels at 15 DAS but with a higher cumulative mean infestation of 13.33%. Imidacloprid and nitenpyram were the least effective, with infestation levels of 26.66% and 20.66% at 15 DAS, respectively. Intermediate efficacy was observed with other insecticides, with infestation levels ranging from 16.66% to 20.66% at 15 DAS. Following subsequent insecticide applications, a consistent reduction in infestation was observed for all treatments compared to the untreated control. Chlorantraniliprole demonstrated the highest efficacy, reducing infestation to 6.66% at 15 DAS, while imidacloprid exhibited the least effectiveness with infestation levels of 23.33% and 20% at 3 and 15 DAS, respectively. Emamectin benzoate remained the most efficacious insecticide in the third spray, achieving a notable reduction to 10% at 15 DAS. The study highlights the temporal decrease in infestation for most treatments over time, contrasting with the steady increase observed in the untreated control group. The findings emphasize the varying efficacy of insecticides in managing BSFB infestation and provide valuable insights for pest control strategies in brinjal cultivation.
Evaluation of Plant Essential Oils against Sitophilus oryzae Linnaeus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) under Laboratory Conditions
Authors: Rajput Khadija , Gilal Arfan Ahmed , Rajput Lubna Bashir , Hajano Jamal-U-Ddin , Magsi Safia , Sahto Jam Ghulam Mustafa , Panhwar Zakia
Published: December 2023

Sitophilus oryzae Linnaeus, commonly known as rice weevil is a globally serious pest of stored grains, especially rice. Considering the target specific nature of botanicals and less hazardous effect than synthetic insecticides, the study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness and appropriate dosage of  four essential oils i.e., lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus Stap.), eucalyptus (Eucalyptus globulus Labill.), peppermint (Mentha piperita L.), and tea tree (Melaleuca alternifolia L.) against S. oryzae. Each essential oil was used at 0.1, 0.5, and 1.0 ml doses on filter paper. A long glass cylinder (1000 ml size), divided into three (A, B, and C) sections, supplied with 20 g rice at ends, was used in the study. Ten freshly emerged adults of S. oryzae were released in the center of B, whereas treated and untreated filter paper was placed at A and C section, respectively. Observations on repellency and mortality percentage were recorded after 24 and 48 hours of exposure. The results indicated that all the tested essential oils exhibited insecticidal potential against S. oryzae. The insecticidal activity of all the essential oils increased with their application dose and exposure timing. Maximum mortality of S. oryzae after 48 hours was recorded in tea tree (76.67±3.33%) at 1.0 ml dose, whereas maximum repellency was recorded with 0.1 ml lemongrass (76.67±12.02%) treatment. Overall, tea tree and lemongrass showed maximum insecticidal performance, whereas peppermint was the least effective. After 48 hours, the lowest [0.008 ml (0.001-0.019) and highest [0.018 ml (0.000-0.078) LD50 values against S. oryzae were recorded with lemongrass and peppermint essential oils, respectively. The LD50 values recorded for eucalyptus and tea tree treatment were 0.07 ml (0.000-0.059) and 0.009 ml (0.000-0.046), respectively. Therefore, it is suggested that the essential oils of either tea tree or lemongrass may be applied in the warehouses against S. oryzae, that may not only cause repellency but also mortality among them.
Evaluation of Antifungal Potential of Phytoextracts and Chemicals against Root Rot of Soybean caused by Rhizoctonia solani
Authors: Atiq Muhammad , Batool Ayesha , Rajput Nasir Ahmed , Khan Nasir Ahmad , Hameed Akhtar , Khan Muhammad Ehsan , Kachelo Ghalib Ayaz , Tariq Hamza
Published: December 2023

Rhizoctonia solani is a soil-borne fungal pathogen that causes root rot diseases in various crops. The soybean crop is also susceptible to this pathogen, resulting in severe yield losses. Due to its soil-borne nature, controlling infestations with a single treatment is challenging. Therefore, the current study was designed to evaluate synthetic chemicals and phytoextracts as an integrated approach to manage soybean root rot caused by R. solani under laboratory and greenhouse conditions. Diseased samples were collected from the field area of the University of Agriculture, Faisalabad. The pathogen was isolated and identified as Rhizoctonia solani using available literature at the Phytopathology Laboratory, Department of Plant Pathology. Four fungicides (Tilt, Cabriotop, Amister top, and Champion) and phytoextracts (Garlic, Ginger, Turmeric, and Eucalyptus) were investigated at three different concentrations under in vitro conditions using the poisoned food technique. The findings revealed that significant inhibition of mycelial growth was observed with Tilt fungicide (4.5 mm) and Garlic extract (12.92 mm) at all concentrations. Subsequently, these two were further investigated under greenhouse conditions, both individually and in combination. Results indicated that the combination of Tilt + Garlic was highly effective against soybean root rot, with the lowest disease incidence of 4.52%, followed by the sole application of Tilt (13.35%) and Garlic (15.75%), respectively. Therefore, it was concluded that using more than one treatment in an integrated approach can be more effective in controlling soil-borne pathogens such as R. solani.
In Silico Characterization of Plant Salt Tolerance Promoting KDP Proteins from Alcaligenes xylosoxydans
Authors: Muccee Fatima
Published: December 2023

Soil salinity stress is a detrimental factor in crops production. Conventional methods of soil management and reclamation have been proved useless. On the contrary, exploiting the inherent genes and mechanisms of halotolerant bacteria can bring revolution in agriculture. Present study was designed to characterize ATPase dependent protein complexes kdpFABC and kdpDE in a salt tolerant bacterium Alcaligenes xylosoxydans. This complex enables plants to endure the saline environmental conditions through enhancing the K+ ions influx. For characterization, protein sequences of three isoforms of kdpA, four of kdpB, two of kdpC and one of kdpE were retrieved from Uniprot database. These were analyzed via ProtParam tool, AlphaFold protein database and HDOCK server. Highest affinity for ATP molecule was observed in kdpB confirming its reported function of ATP hydrolysis. All documented proteins were found polar (except kdpE), alkaline (except one isoform of each kdpA and kdpB), thermostable, to exhibit complex 3D structure (except for kdpC and E) and in vitro stability. These properties of subunit proteins can be exploited to engineer the complex and produce osmotolerant transgenic plants
Post-midnight irregularities in equator and its adjacent regions of topside ionosphere obtained by the CSES satellite
Authors: Wang Xiuying , Cheng Wanli , Zhang Xueqing , Zhao Guocun , Wang Qiao , Yang Dehe , Xu Song , Ning Jing , Zhou Na
Published: December 2023

The post-midnight irregularities in equator and its adjcent regions, which have remained least explored so far, are investigated using the in situ electron density (Ne) measurements from 2019 to 2021 obtained by the China Seismo-Electromagnetic Satellite (CSES) in the topside ionosphere. The followings are salient points of our findings: 1) Equatorial and low latitude post-midnight irregularities are distributed along the dip equator, exhibiting a wavenumber 4 longitude variation pattern and a seasonal variation pattern characterized by peaks in summer and winter and valleys in spring and autumn during low solar activity (LSA) period in the topside ionosphere, 2) The longitude variation pattern of post-midnight irregularities aligns with that of the background Ne, with irregularities concentrated at the peaks of background Ne, 3) The occurrence rate of post-midnight irregularities increases significantly with higher solar flux, which can be attributed to the rapid increase in the background Ne under LSA conditions. Additionally, the growth rate of occurrence rate varies across different longitudes, with the Pacific and the Atlantic longitudes standing out as prominent regions, and 4) Post-midnight irregularities in the topside ionosphere may have two possible origins. One is irregularities generated at the lower altitudes that drift upward into the topside ionosphere, while the other is the irregularities generated directly in the topside ionosphere. The latter is supported by the presence of conditions conducive to irregularity generation in the topside ionosphere during midnight hours in LSA period. Given the scarcity of research on post-midnight irregularity compared to post-sunset irregularity, further investigations are essential to fully comprehend their generation mechanisms. The abundance of post-midnight Ne measurements from the CSES satellite offers a valuable opportunity for this research, which can enhance our understanding of post-midnight ionospheric dynamics, and their variations with solar activity.
Evaluation of sub-seasonal prediction skill for an extreme precipitation event in Henan province, China
Authors: Zheng Lina , Li Tian , Liu Dongdong
Published: December 2023

A severe torrential rain attacked Henan province from July 19 to 21, 2021, resulting in extensive social and economic damages. The models’ sub-seasonal prediction skill for this extreme event remains to be evaluated. Based on the real-time data of 5 models (CMA, ECMWF, NCEP, KMA, and UKMO) from the sub-seasonal to seasonal (S2S) prediction project, our study compared the models’ predictability and explored the possible reasons. Results indicate that most models can predict the spatial distribution of accumulated precipitation for this event 1 week in advance. Two models (NCEP and CMA) still have specific reference values in predicting precipitation intensity 2–3 weeks ahead. However, the predicted maximum rainfall is only about 20% of the observation, and all models cannot catch the extremes of this event. While large-scale atmospheric circulation can be predicted with some accuracy, there are still significant deviations in predicting the location and intensity of the western North Pacific subtropical high (WNPSH) and Typhoon In-Fa. The models predict weaker intensity of the southeast airflow transporting water vapor into the rainstorm area, resulting in significantly weaker precipitation. This is mainly attributed to unsatisfactory predicted typhoon circulation in most models. The model ECMWF and KMA predict a better moisture flux at 925hPa, about 60% of the observations. The characteristics of local high SST centers in the Sea of Japan cannot be caught, resulting in the position of the predicted WNPSH eastward and weak. Therefore, to improve the prediction skill for extreme precipitation events, it is imperative to enhance the interaction mechanisms among atmospheric circulation systems within the model.
Prediction and reliability analysis of reservoir lithology spatial distribution
Authors: Zeng Lili , Ren Weijian , Shan Liqun , Niu Yixiao , Liu Xiaoshuang
Published: December 2023

Reliable lithology spatial distribution directly reflects the geological situation of the reservoir, which is the basis of stratigraphic correlation, sedimentary modeling, and other geological research. Under the condition of limited reservoir data, it is a challenging task to accurately depict the lithology spatial distribution and provide a quantitative reliability analysis of the results. In this study, we propose a flexible spatial distribution prediction and model reliability analysis method. Firstly, the method develops a spatially dependent deep Kriging technology to fit the heterogeneous characteristics of the reservoir lithology, and adopts the extracted spatial key information and related reservoir attributes to invert lithology spatial distribution intelligently. Then, it focuses on the real-time assimilation of non-Gaussian data in the reliability modeling and quantitatively analyzes the reliability of the prediction system under the non-Gaussian hypothesis. Finally, the method is applied to the actual heterogeneous reservoir, good results are achieved in the prediction accuracy, model fitting degree, model reliability, and time performance compared with other methods. The method is conducive to finding future mineral deposits locations and reducing exploration costs.
The impacts of rainfall and soil moisture to flood hazards in a humid mountainous catchment: a modeling investigation
Authors: Yu Tianxue , Ran Qihua , Pan Hailong , Li Jiyu , Pan Jiajia , Ye Sheng
Published: December 2023

Floods pose a significant threat to the safety of countries with severe societal, economic, and environmental consequences, especially the flash floods in mountainous regions. Previous studies have shown that many floods were caused by intense rainfall with highly saturated soil. In this study, we applied a physically-based distributed hydrological model (Integrated Hydrology Model, InHM) to a warm humid mountainous catchment in Southwest China, the Shouxi River. The main objective of our research is to investigate the relative importance of rainfall and antecedent soil moisture on flood generation in our study region. Our results show that an increase in rainfall return period and antecedent soil saturation ratio significantly increased peak flow and shortened peak time. There is a correlation between the ratio of antecedent soil saturation ratio to rainfall (SPR) and peak flow. When SPR <1, there is a positive correlation; when SPR >1, there is a negative correlation. Additionally, with the increase in drainage area, the relative importance of rainfall tends to decrease, while the relative contribution of soil saturation ratio tends to increase. The findings could provide support for the determination of the dominant factors influencing runoff generation in humid regions, offering scientific support for the timely and effective flood prevention and mitigation measures in mountainous regions.
Reasonable top coal thickness for large cross-section open-off cut in lower-layer mining
Authors: Gao Shigang , Du Wengang , Liu Yongliang , Chai Jing , Gao Dengyan , Ma Chenyang , Chen Jianhua
Published: December 2023

The thickness of top coal is the main factor affecting the stability of the large cross section open-off cut under the goaf. The 1-2 lower 203 cross section open-off cut of the Huojitu Coal Mine was used as the background to investigate the top coal rational thickness of the large cross section open-off cut under the goaf in slicing mining. The top coal above the cut was simplified into a beam model to calculate its plastic zone range with the elastoplastic theory under the influence of the upper slicing mining and the lower slicing cut excavating. The deformation law of the top coal of the large cross section open-off cut under different top coal thicknesses was studied with both a simulation experiment and numerical simulation. The displacement, stress, and top coal structure of the surrounding rock of the cut were observed in situ using several observation methods. The results show that the plastic zone of the floor in the upper slicing face and the influence of the cut excavation are 2.02 m and 1.43 m, and the maximum plastic zone of the top coal is 3.45 m. A top coal thickness of more than 3.45 m is conducive to maintaining the stability of the large cross section open-off cut. The top coal of the cut can be divided into the roof-fall hazard zone and roof-fall warning zone according to the results monitored by distributed optical fiber. When the top coal thickness is 3.0 m, 3.5 m, and 4.0 m, the deformation law changes from an exponential deformation to a linear and then to a logarithmic relationship in the roof-fall hazard zone and from a linear to a logarithmic relationship in the roof-fall warning zone. When the thickness of top coal is 3.5 m and 4.0 m, the subsidence trend of the top coal visibly decreases, and the subsidence is only 56% and 39% of the subsidence of that of a thickness of 3 m. The deformation law of top coal measured using the DIC (Digital Image Correlation, DIC) is consistent with that of distributed optical fiber. The average thickness of the top coal reserved in the 1-2 lower 203 large cross section open-off cut is 4.0 m. The maximum surface subsidence of the top coal cut hole is 12 mm in the field monitoring. The maximum internal subsidence is 6 mm, and the maximum shed beam strain is –416 με. The deformation of the top coal is slight, indicating that the top coal thickness of 3.5–4.0 m is reasonable.
Screening for Unstable Housing in a Healthcare Setting
Authors: Ng Raeann , Gunatillaka Nilakshi , Skouteris Helen , Blane David , Blewitt Claire , Nielsen Suzanne , Sturgiss Elizabeth
Published: December 2023

Objectives: To describe existing tools for screening patients for unstable housing in a healthcare setting.

Methods: A literature search was completed to retrieve articles published in the last 10 years on screening patients for unstable housing in a healthcare setting.

Results: The current literature on screening patients for homelessness in healthcare settings describes a variety of tools administered by a range of healthcare providers, but all are based in the United States.

Conclusion: The studies revealed the potential for effective screening in healthcare settings and positive engagement of patients and providers with screening. Key areas for future research include innovative methods of screening and evaluation of reliability and validity for a broader range of tools.
Compact Models to Solve the Precedence-Constrained Minimum-Cost Arborescence Problem with Waiting Times
Authors: Dell’Amico Mauro , Jamal Jafar , Montemanni Roberto
Published: December 2023

The minimum-cost arborescence problem is a well-studied problem. Polynomial-time algorithms for solving it exist. Recently, a new variation of the problem called the Precedence-Constrained Minimum-Cost Arborescence Problem with Waiting Times was presented and proven to be NP-hard. In this work, we propose new polynomial-size models for the problem that are considerably smaller in size compared to those previously proposed. We experimentally evaluate and compare each new model in terms of computation time and quality of the solutions. Several improvements to the best-known upper and lower bounds of optimal solution costs emerge from the study.
Say Something, Do Something: Evaluating a Forum Theater Production to Activate Youth Violence Prevention Strategies in Schools
Authors: Gilbert Keon L. , Baker Elizabeth A. , Bain Karen , Flood Julia , Wolbers John
Published: December 2023

Background: Youth violence that takes place within school settings exposes youth to serious social, mental and physical consequences that affect education performance, and life opportunities. Previous work shows positive youth development frameworks can promote social-emotional learning by enhancing empathy and building problem-solving and conflict management skills. Theater-based interventions have been shown to enhance social emotional development by privileging youth voices, and building youth capacities and strengths. The current manuscript presents the evaluation of an arts-based and public health framework conducted to assess the development, implementation and impact of a forum theater production, Say Something, Do Something (SSDS) in St. Louis, Missouri. Methods: An iterative mixed methods approach was used, starting with observations of productions. Using convenience sampling, we then conducted post interviews of the theater team (n = 8) and school personnel (n = 10). Results: Respondents highlighted that as a result of engagement of school personnel in program development, the language and scenarios presented were relevant to students. Data indicated that SSDS increased student knowledge and changed attitudes, developed student conflict management and problem-solving skills, and improved interpersonal behavior. SSDS also raised awareness of the importance of, and created the foundation for, additional system and policy changes in the schools. Conclusion and implications: Forum theater is an approach that can enhance socio-emotional learning and conflict management among youth. Collaborative initiatives between public health and the arts are poised to uniquely engage community partners, animate interventions, and impact critical public health issues including youth violence prevention.
Vaccine Hesitancy and Susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 Misinformation in Japanese Youth: The Contribution of Personality Traits and National Identity
Authors: Rivers Damian J. , Unser-Schutz Giancarla , Rudolph Nathanael
Published: December 2023

During the pandemic, the Japanese government drew upon the cultural concept of jishuku, or personal self-constraint, requesting that individuals accept responsibility for their behaviors and consider minimizing the potential negative impact on others. While the jishuku approach to pandemic management rests upon the established and persuasive influence of cultural norms, variability in adherence can be expected according to age. This article documents an investigation into factors impacting vaccine hesitancy and susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 misinformation among Japanese youth. The point of departure is the belief that attitudes and behaviors, such as those underpinning the jishuku approach to pandemic management, arise from within a relational framework. Therefore, developmental characteristics, such as personality traits, and in-group affinity attachments, such as facets of national identity, can be expected to function as predictors of health attitudes and behaviors. The tested structural model of hypothesized interactions accounted for 14% of the observed variance in vaccine hesitancy and 20% in susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 misinformation. With the inclusion of gender, political ideology, and trust in government SARS-CoV-2 response as control variables, the respecified model increased the amount of variance observed in vaccine hesitancy to 30% and to 25% in susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 misinformation. The outcomes are discussed in relation to the communication of coherent public health discourse relative to personality traits and facets of national identity.
Effect of Er:YAG Pulsed Laser-Deposited Hydroxyapatite Film on Titanium Implants on M2 Macrophage Polarization In Vitro and Osteogenesis In Vivo
Authors: Ma Lin , Li Min , Komasa Satoshi , Hontsu Shigeki , Hashimoto Yoshiya , Okazaki Joji , Maekawa Kenji
Published: December 2023

In a previous study, we successfully coated hydroxyapatite (HAp) onto titanium (Ti) plates using the erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet pulsed-laser deposition (Er:YAG-PLD) method. In this study, we performed further experiments to validate the in vitro osteogenic properties, macrophage polarization, and in vivo osseointegration activity of HAp-coated Ti (HAp-Ti) plates and screws. Briefly, we coated a HAp film onto the surfaces of Ti plates and screws via Er:YAG-PLD. The surface morphological, elemental, and crystallographic analyses confirmed the successful surface coating. The macrophage polarization and osteogenic induction were evaluated in macrophages and rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, and the in vivo osteogenic properties were studied. The results showed that needle-shaped nano-HAp promoted the early expression of osteogenic and immunogenic genes in the macrophages and induced excellent M2 polarization properties. The calcium deposition and osteocalcin production were significantly higher in the HAp-Ti than in the uncoated Ti. The implantation into rat femurs revealed that the HAp-coated materials had superior osteoinductive and osseointegration activities compared with the Ti, as assessed by microcomputed tomography and histology. Thus, HAp film on sandblasted Ti plates and screws via Er:YAG-PLD enhances hard-tissue differentiation, macrophage polarization, and new bone formation in tissues surrounding implants both in vitro and in vivo.
For the Better or for the Worse? The Effect of Manganese on the Activity of Eukaryotic DNA Polymerases
Authors: Balint Eva , Unk Ildiko
Published: December 2023

DNA polymerases constitute a versatile group of enzymes that not only perform the essential task of genome duplication but also participate in various genome maintenance pathways, such as base and nucleotide excision repair, non-homologous end-joining, homologous recombination, and translesion synthesis. Polymerases catalyze DNA synthesis via the stepwise addition of deoxynucleoside monophosphates to the 3′ primer end in a partially double-stranded DNA. They require divalent metal cations coordinated by active site residues of the polymerase. Mg2+ is considered the likely physiological activator because of its high cellular concentration and ability to activate DNA polymerases universally. Mn2+ can also activate the known DNA polymerases, but in most cases, it causes a significant decrease in fidelity and/or processivity. Hence, Mn2+ has been considered mutagenic and irrelevant during normal cellular function. Intriguingly, a growing body of evidence indicates that Mn2+ can positively influence some DNA polymerases by conferring translesion synthesis activity or altering the substrate specificity. Here, we review the relevant literature focusing on the impact of Mn2+ on the biochemical activity of a selected set of polymerases, namely, Polβ, Polλ, and Polµ, of the X family, as well as Polι and Polη of the Y family of polymerases, where congruous data implicate the physiological relevance of Mn2+ in the cellular function of these enzymes.
Level of Secretion and the Role of the Nerve Growth Factor in Patients with Keratoconus before and after Collagen Fibre Cross-Linking Surgery
Authors: Krok Magdalena , Wróblewska-Czajka Ewa , Łach-Wojnarowicz Olga , Bronikowska Joanna , Czuba Zenon P. , Wylęgała Edward , Dobrowolski Dariusz
Published: December 2023

Background: The aim of this study was to analyse the concentration of the nerve growth factor (NGF-β) in patients with keratoconus (KC) who are undergoing collagen fibre cross-linking (CXL) surgery in order to better understand the pathogenesis of this disease and observe the molecular changes occurring after the procedure. Among many cytokines, β-NGF seems to play an important role in the healing processes of corneal damage. Therefore, its role in the regenerative process after CXL treatment may affect the course of treatment and its final results. Tear samples from 52 patients were collected in this prospective study. Additionally, the patients also had a number of tests performed, including corneal topography using optical coherence tomography. Flat (K 1), steep (K 2), cylindrical (CYL), and central corneal thickness (CCT) keratometry were assessed. The tear samples were collected, and other tests were performed before the CXL procedure and afterwards, during the 12-month follow-up period. The NGF concentration was measured using the Bio-Plex Magnetic Luminex Assay. Lower levels of NGF-β were detected in the KC patients than in the control group (p < 0.001). The day after the procedure, the NGF-β level was significantly lower (on average by 2.3 pg/mL) (p = 0.037) than before the procedure, after which, the level of the reagent increases, but only in the group with the advanced cone, one month after CXL it was significantly higher (p = 0.047). Regarding the correlation of NGF with topographic measurements, the following were found: NGF-β correlates significantly (p < 0.05) and positively (r > 0) with K1 before the CXL procedure; NGF-β correlates significantly (p < 0.05) and positively (r > 0) with K1 one month after CXL; NGF-β correlates significantly (p < 0.05) and positively (r > 0) with CYL nine months after CXL; and, after twelve months, NGF-β correlates significantly (p < 0.05) and positively (r > 0) with K2 and K1. Corneal sensitivity did not statistically and significantly correlate with the level of NGF-β secretion. Our study suggests that NGF may be crucial in the development and progression of KC as well as in the repair mechanisms after CXL surgery. Further research is needed on the role of NGF and other inflammatory biomarkers for rapid diagnosis and selection of targeted therapy in patients with keratoconus.
Luteolin Alleviates Oxidative Stress in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Induced by Cigarette Smoke via Modulation of the TRPV1 and CYP2A13/NRF2 Signaling Pathways
Authors: Zhou Lina , Jian Tunyu , Wan Yan , Huang Rizhong , Fang Hailing , Wang Yiwei , Liang Chengyuan , Ding Xiaoqin , Chen Jian
Published: December 2023

The current study aims to investigate the therapeutic potential of luteolin (Lut), a naturally occurring flavonoid found in various medicinal plants, for treating chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) through both in vitro and in vivo studies. The results demonstrated that Lut increased body weight, reduced lung tissue swelling and lung damage indices, mitigated systemic oxidative stress levels, and decreased alveolar fusion in cigarette smoke (CS)- and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced COPD mice. Additionally, Lut was observed to downregulate the expression of the TRPV1 and CYP2A13 proteins while upregulating SIRT6 and NRF2 protein expression in CS + LPS-induced COPD mice and cigarette smoke extract (CSE)-treated A549 cells. The concentrations of total reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial ROS in A549 cells induced by CSE significantly increased. Moreover, CSE caused a notable elevation of intracellular Ca2+ levels in A549 cells. Importantly, Lut exhibited inhibitory effects on the inward flow of Ca2+ and attenuated the overproduction of mitochondrial and intracellular ROS in A549 cells treated with CSE. In conclusion, Lut demonstrated a protective role in alleviating oxidative stress and inflammation in CS + LPS-induced COPD mice and CSE-treated A549 cells by regulating TRPV1/SIRT6 and CYP2A13/NRF2 signaling pathways.
Does Elderly-Onset Inflammatory Bowel Disease Increase Risk of Colorectal Cancer? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Zamani Mohammad , Alizadeh-Tabari Shaghayegh
Published: December 2023

Background: Although younger adults with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are known to have an increased risk of developing colorectal cancer (CRC), the impact of IBD on CRC risk in elderly patients is not yet fully understood. Therefore, we conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis to address this knowledge gap. Methods: We thoroughly searched Embase, PubMed, and Scopus, covering the literature from inception to 31 August 2023, in any language. We enrolled population-based cohort studies that appraised the risk of CRC development in elderly patients (≥60 years) with IBD as compared to the non-IBD population. Our meta-analysis provided pooled relative risk (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using a random-effect model. Results: Out of 3904 citations, 3 eligible cohort studies were ultimately included, reporting 694 CRC events in 35,187 patients with IBD. According to analysis, the risk of developing CRC did not increase in patients with elderly-onset IBD (RR = 1.17 [95% CI: 0.86–1.47]; I2 = 62.6%). This lack of a significant association was observed in both patients with Crohn’s disease (RR = 1.28 [95% CI: 0.88–1.69]) and ulcerative colitis (RR = 0.99 [95% CI: 0.90–1.09]) (p for interaction = 0.166). Conclusion: Our findings revealed no significant increase in the risk of incident CRC in patients with elderly-onset IBD, suggesting that intense screening of these patients for CRC may not be necessary.