bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the Global Satellite Mapping of Precipitation (GSMaP) data on sub-daily rainfall patterns in Vietnam
Authors: Pham Hoa , Matsumoto Jun , I. Nodzu Masato
Published: October 2021

This study aims to evaluate the performance of Global Satellite Mapping of Precipitation (GSMaP) data in observing the sub-daily rainfall patterns in Vietnam using synoptic gauge measurements considering seasonal variations in rainfall. Differences in the estimations of the three GSMaP products, including the standard version 7 (MVKv7) and two gauge-calibrated versions 6 and 7 (GAUv6 and GAUv7), were clarified based on rainfall characteristic parameters and statistical indices. The present study clarified that the contribution of sub-daily rainfall in Vietnam was higher during the afternoon than at other times, predominantly in the Central Highlands and Southern Plain, while it occurred most often during the evening to early morning in northern regions. Distinct regional features were also identified along the central coast. Most of the summer afternoon maximum fell in the western mountainous area, while the eastern coastal plain experienced an insignificant amount of rainfall. As rainfall characteristics varied with seasons and regions, the performance of GSMaP demonstrated this variation quite well compared to in-situ observations. However, GSMaP still exhibited high biases in rainy season and topographically heterogeneous areas, especially in the northern regions where sub-daily rainfall cycles had large variations. The standard GSMaP (MVK) product illustrated an afternoon peak better than the gauge-calibrated (GAU) product, which suggests that utilizing the MVK in the Central Highlands and Southern Plain and the GAU over central coastal regions would be appropriate when considering the characteristics of sub-daily precipitation.
PLATERÍA EN LA COLONIA: LA HISTORIA DE DOS ATRILES
Authors: Guerrero-Jiménez Andrea Lorena , Ovalle-Camargo Valentina , Flórez-Soaita Nadia Catalina , Romero-Sánchez Sunny Johana , Guzman-Franco Camila Andrea
Published: October 2021

Este texto presenta el estudio de dos piezas de platería neogranadina, cuya realización está datada en la segunda mitad del siglo XVII, en un contexto social multifacético influenciado por manos españolas e indígenas. Se expone cómo el análisis de estos artefactos, desde el punto de vista del diseño industrial, permite ver aspectos que otras disciplinas estudian superficialmente, como la forma y la función de un objeto. El objetivo es entender el contexto histórico de una sociedad a través del uso de sus objetos, su simbología y las dinámicas de su manufactura. Esta investigación se desarrolló en alianza con el Museo Colonial de Bogotá, el cual posibilitó el acceso directo a la pareja de atriles, lo que permitió la verificación de huellas técnicas para establecer su proceso de elaboración; a pesar de la falta de marcajes coloniales reglamentarios en las piezas, se pudo indagar sobre el contexto histórico de la Nueva Granada y las técnicas plateras que se aplicaron en estos artefactos, tanto en las fuentes secundarias de investigadores expertos en el tema, como en la contrastación con la información técnica directa suministrada por un maestro de platería actual. Se concluye que el papel de los plateros en la Nueva Granada era de vital importancia para los propósitos que tenía la Corona española de expandir la religión católica por todo el Imperio, pues por medio de la realización de objetos de culto en metales preciosos, se lograba representar la devoción y a su vez capturar la atención de los feligreses, debido al alto nivel de detalle decorativo influenciado por el movimiento Barroco.
LABORATORIO DE INVESTIGACIÓN - CREACIÓN: LA AUTOPUBLICACIÓN COMO PRÁCTICA ARTÍSTICA CONTEMPORÁNEA ENMARCADA BAJO EL ESTUDIO DE LA MOVILIDAD HUMANA
Authors: Aguillón-García Viviana , Correa-Giraldo Alejandra , Álvarez-Calao Natalia del Socorro , Marín Erick , Pérez Nashly
Published: October 2021

El trabajo de investigación propone la realización de un laboratorio de formación complementaria al Programa de Artes Visuales, donde se explorarán los medios de autopublicación como herramientas de creación transdisciplinar y de difusión de obra en el contexto contemporáneo.

La base conceptual y teórica del proyecto gira en torno a la movilidad humana, un tema transversal que permite discutir, reflexionar y aportar una mirada crítica sobre los aspectos locales que ésta implica, incluidas las dimensiones corporales y espacio-geográficas, hasta sus configuraciones simbólicas relacionadas con la noción de lo diverso y las representaciones estéticas derivadas de esta noción.

Durante la ejecución de este proyecto, se proponen cuatro fases de desarrollo vinculadas a la estrategia de investigación-creación: En la primera fase se desarrollará un proceso de fundamentación teórica. En la segunda fase se propone una serie de talleres participativos y colaborativos que involucran a los estudiantes vinculados al semillero de investigación SINAV y sus comunidades ubicadas en territorios específicos del país. La tercera fase comprende el acompañamiento al desarrollo de los procesos de investigación-creación de los participantes del laboratorio. Finalmente, en la fase cuatro se propone una estrategia de exhibición: Una exposición de libro digital alojado en el Museo Universitario de Artes Digitales MUNAD1 de la Universidad Nacional Abierta y a Distancia, que recopile el desarrollo del laboratorio y las piezas finales derivadas del proceso y una exposición museográfica que exponga las piezas físicas producidas por los estudiantes y las experiencias desarrolladas colectivamente en los talleres participativos
HIGIENE Y SEGURIDAD EN EL TRABAJO EN CASA Y TELETRABAJO
Authors: Cifuentes-Izquierdo Martha Janeth , San Miguel Stefanny Johana , Castañeda-Acevedo Duber
Published: October 2021

La higiene y la seguridad laboral se han concebido en Colombia desde la Resolución 2400 de 1979, en donde se emiten algunas disposiciones sobre vivienda, higiene y seguridad en los establecimientos de trabajo, un trabajo que en ese momento se abordaba desde unas instalaciones propias de un empleador, quien debe cumplir con unos mínimos y/o máximos de exposición a los trabajadores a entornos que puedan llegar a impactar su salud.

El presente proyecto se basa en esos lineamientos legales que se plantean desde la legislación colombiana vigente, en cuento a higiene y seguridad industrial se refiere, pero ahora no desde aquellas instalaciones dispuestas por el empleador, si no dispuestas por el trabajador para dar continuidad a su labor, bajo la modalidad del trabajo en casa, debido a la pandemia del Sars–Cov-2 o COVID -19, con el fin de establecer cuál sería la mejor forma de abordar este tema y seguir previniendo enfermedades laborales, en especial en los entornos laborales de la comunidad educativa del Politécnico Grancolombiano.

La metodología que se plantea para la elaboración de este proyecto está basada en una encuesta virtual, la cual pretende abarcar la totalidad de la comunidad educativa del Politécnico Grancolombiano.

A partir de las encuestas, se pretende conocer la percepción que tiene la comunidad educativa administrativa y los docentes del Politécnico Grancolombiano, en cuanto a iluminación, ruido, radiaciones entre otros factores de riesgo, en sus entornos laborales, para poder así proponer una guía que le permita ubicar de manera adecuada su lugar de trabajo en casa, planteando las condiciones mínimas que se debe tener en cuenta para ello.
ANÁLISIS DE LAS HABILIDADES BLANDAS ENCONTRADAS EN RESEÑAS DE HOTELERÍA A TRAVÉS DE METABUSCADORES
Authors: Suarez-Pinzón Tomas Santiago
Published: October 2021

Según el Ministerio de Industria, Comercio y Turismo, en el año 2019 Colombia fue visitada por 4.115.120 turistas extranjeros. Esta información genera cuestionamientos sobre la calidad del servicio que se está ofreciendo en el sector servicios, específicamente en el subsector hotelero, para identificar el nivel de satisfacción del usuario mediante la calificación de Booking y la palabra usada en la reseña para definir a esta misma. Para tal fin, este estudio no se enfocó en incluir la infraestructura y volumen de empleados para proveer el servicio al cliente, sino en el área de atracción y selección de los mejores candidatos que cuenten con habilidades blandas, lo que permitirá a los hoteles brindar una experiencia que se califique como 10/10. Se revisaron artículos relacionados con la importancia de las reseñas y comentarios que reflejen la experiencia del huésped y la importancia de las habilidades blandas en el personal hotelero; igualmente, se revisó y analizó el metabuscador Booking, se realizó un análisis de datos con Rstudio y una recopilación de datos con Parsehub de una muestra estadística para tener un acercamiento a los datos y las calificaciones en línea, para identificar la relación entre una buena calificación y el uso de cuatro habilidades blandas, entre las cuales se encuentran: integridad, relación con el cliente, servicio al cliente y trabajo en equipo. Los puntos para mejorar son coordinación entre las áreas para generar un buen clima organizacional, capacitación en servicio al cliente y rediseñar los procesos de selección en cuanto a vincular personas con las competencias blandas requeridas para atender a los visitantes. Según estudios que se relacionarán a continuación, las reseñas web en la actualidad pueden ser uno de los factores definitivos de un turista a la hora de decidirse entre un hotel u otro.
PERCEPCIONES DE LAS FAMILIAS EN TORNO AL ROL QUE OCUPAN SUS HIJOS/AS CON DISCAPACIDAD AUDITIVA EN LA CIUDAD DE BOGOTÁ
Authors: Arango Álvaro de Jesús , Ortiz-Quevedo Jenny Patricia
Published: October 2021

En la actualidad, hablar en torno a la discapacidad auditiva es una apuesta, sin embargo, investigar es una praxis y una guía social que debe sensibilizar a la sociedad. En razón a lo anterior, el objetivo que enmarcó la investigación fue comprender las percepciones de las familias en torno al rol que ocupan sus hijos/as con discapacidad auditiva en la ciudad de Bogotá. El diseño del estudio se realizó desde una metodología cualitativa de investigación, con enfoque descriptivo. Como resultado se establece que las familias entrevistadas resaltan la afectividad como categoría que enmarca la dinámica familiar; igualmente, los roles son acordes a cada uno de los miembros, las decisiones de las familias giran en torno a la persona con discapacidad auditiva, se determina que la cohesión familiar es mucho mayor en familias extensas, debido a la diversificación de las labores y la consecución de los medios. Por otra parte, el sistema educativo -específicamente en etapa escolar- presenta una atención insuficiente; en estas narrativas, la universidad está mejor preparada y presenta opciones de inclusión social, acorde con los requerimientos de las personas en condición de discapacidad auditiva.
The Grain Market between the Reigns of Alexey Mikhailovich and Catherine the Great: Was there a ‘Price Revolution’?
Authors: Mustafin Arthur
Published: October 2021

The author of this article attempts to reveal and systematise archival data on grain prices in Russia between the 1650s and 1700s and analyse their dynamics by comparing them with data for the eighteenth century. The study is based on a wide range of archival sources from the funds of the RSAAA (RGADA), CSA of Moscow (TsGA of Moscow), DM NLR (OR RNB), and SFI CANNR (GKU TsANO). The data from these sources make it possible to construct time series describing rye and oat price dynamics in the northern and central non-black earth regions of Russia. The author substantiates the homogeneity and reliability of the data received and determines the real prices. The resulting numbers make the author doubt the “price revolution” in eighteenth-century Russia. Throughout the eighteenth century, the average real prices remained below the level of the 1660s and 1670s. Only in the 1790s did prices briefly exceed this level. Overall, the Russian grain market was characterised by long-term price fluctuations. The author aims to explain this dynamic by analysing supply and demand in the grain market. More particularly, for the first time in the historiography, the author examines the connection between Russian grain prices and yield in the second half of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. It is established that in most cases, the relationship between these indicators was direct: as grain yield increased, prices did too. The article explains this seeming paradox. The data published by the author help not only to estimate the impact of various factors on grain prices during the period in question, but also solve practical tasks regarding various price indicators in grain equivalents.
Peter the Great’s Lost Letter to Georg Wilhelm de Henning: On the History of Expert Thought and the Antiques Market
Authors: Bazarova Tatiana , Chirkova Aleksandra
Published: October 2021

The elements of expert analysis established in Russian academic circles by the late nineteenth century, when auxiliary historical disciplines became an indispensable part of the academic base of historical knowledge, are described in this article with reference to a lost letter by Peter I to Georg Wilhelm de Henning sent on 24 December 1724. These elements include the study of the letter, the stages and methods of introducing it into scholarly circulation, and the assessment of its significance and value in monetary terms. It is established that the original of the letter ended up in a private collection in the early twentieth century and became inaccessible to historians. However, handwritten copies, a draft, and descriptions have survived. The article analyses the work with Peter I’s letter performed by the members of the commission for the publication of Peter the Great’s letters and papers, as well as by the first owner of the letter, N. K. Bogushevsky, the Parisian antiquarian Noël Charavay, into whose hands the letter fell a decade after its former owner’s death, and N. P. Likhachev, a prominent specialist in a number of auxiliary historical disciplines to whom the antiquary turned for an expert opinion. While researching the copies and descriptions of Peter I’s letter, the authors used traditional methods of expert analysis of the missing original found in the collections of St Petersburg Institute of History (Russian Academy of Sciences), the Russian State Archive of Ancient Acts, and the National Archives of France. Referring to handwritten materials from the Russian State Archive of Literature and Arts, the Russian State Library, and sales catalogues, the authors carry out a brief analysis of the Western European and Russian antiques market in the late nineteenth – early twentieth centuries in relation to Russian documents from the eighteenth century (prices and demand). The attribution of authenticity to historical documents (including the first Russian emperor’s autographs) was not only an issue of the reliability of historical knowledge or academic interest, but also one of reputation of connoisseurs, collectors, antiquarians, and the experts they turned to. At the same time, reputation helped ensure the quality of expertise and was a tool for raising this through horizontal connections within the professional community.
Documents of the Austrian State Archives about the History of Habsburg Diplomatic Relations with Russia: Research Potential
Authors: Baranov Nikolai , Manasyan Elena
Published: October 2021

This article considers the formation of archival funds about Austro-Russian relations in the late seventeenth century in one of the four departments of the Austrian State Archives (the Haus-, Hof- und Staatsarchiv of the Habsburgs). The analysis demonstrates that the archival funds formed alongside the development of the archive’s structure. The sources referred to include documents dedicated to the foreign policy contacts of the Habsburg dynasty with Russia in the late seventeenth century. The authors focus on the period when, because of the Ottoman threat, interactions between Vienna and Moscow intensified, which manifested itself in the active exchange of embassies and correspondence. The authors reveal the main type of structure of the archival funds mentioned. The collection contains several types of historical sources, among which the authors single out official letters (der Brief), instructions (die Instruktion) for Viennese representatives sent to Moscow, authentications (die Beglaubigung), decrees, minutes of audiences, envoy accounts (der Gesandtenbericht), and reports (der Bericht) of the Viennese envoys in Moscow. The characterisation of archival documents by fund and type demonstrates the deep research potential of the sources. The authors reveal that despite the long development and numerous military conflicts that influenced the preservation of the funds, the Haus-, Hof-, und Staatsarchiv are an institution of supranational importance, accumulating the historical heritage of Austria and Russia. The archive department contains a large array of documents shedding light on various aspects of diplomatic relations between Vienna and Moscow in the second half of the seventeenth century, making possible a comprehensive study of Habsburg contacts with Russia. This makes it necessary to consider introducing the source base into scholarly circulation.
Colonel V. A. Pashkov: Leader of Russia’s Lost Reformation
Authors: White James M.
Published: October 2021

The reviewer considers Filipp Nikitin’s new book on Colonal Vasilii A. Pashkov, a Russian Evangelical leader in the 1870s and 1880s. A rich Russian aristocrat and landowner, Pashkov was an unlikely missionary, but his conversion at the hands of the British Lord Radstock in 1874 led to a lifetime of preaching and charity among both social elites and the lowest members of society. Although initially not in conflict with the Russian Orthodox Church, Pashkov’s increasing prominence and his efforts to unite Russia’s various Evangelical movements led to his exile in 1884, where he remained for the rest of his life. The reviewer compliments Nikitin’s comprehensive use of archival sources, drawn from a huge number of collections in Russia and abroad. This makes his book a significant contribution to the historiography, much of which is fragmented or out of date. The author’s decision to release previously unpublished documents in the book’s appendix is an excellent contribution. However, the reviewer points out that Nikitin quotes too much from and relies too heavily on source material, which drowns out his authorial voice: it is argued that the author should spend more time analysing the sources rather than just quoting them. The reviewer also suggests bringing in more contextualisation and consulting some of the recent conceptual approaches to religious biography.
Solution of an Integro-differential Equation with Dirichlet Conditions using Techniques of the Inverse Moments Problem
Authors: Pintarelli María B.
Published: October 2021

It will be shown that finding solutions from some integro-differential equation under Dirichlet conditions is equivalent to solving an integral equation, which can be treated as a generalized two-dimensional moment problem over a domain E = {(x, t), 0 > x
> L; t > 0}. We will see that an approximate solution of the equation integro-differential can be found using the techniques of generalized inverse moments problem and bounds for the error of the estimated solution. First the problem is reduced to solving a hyperbolic or
parabolic partial derivative equation considering the unknown source. The method consists of two steps. In each one an integral equation is solved numerically using the two-dimensional inverse moment problem techniques. We illustrate the different cases with examples.
Multivariate Analysis and Modeling the Effect of the Gdp of Nigeria on the Petroleum Product Prices (1987-2018)
Authors: Elekanachi  , Stella Maraizu , Wonu  , Nduka  , Onu  , Henry Obineke
Published: October 2021

The study presented multivariate analysis and modeling of the effect of the GDP of Nigeria on the Nigerian petroleum product prices from 1987 to 2018. The petroleum products considered as the response variables were the Premium Motor Spirit (PMS(Y1)), Automotive Gas Oil (AGO(Y2)) and
Dual Purpose Kerosene (DPK(Y3)) while the predictors were GDP(Z1), Total Reserve(Z2), External Debt(Z3), Gross National Expenditure(Z4) and GDP/Capita(Z5). These predictors were studied in pairs on the responses and also studied jointly with all the five predictors on the responses. Comparisons
were made among the pairs, also, each pair was compared with the joint analysis. SPSS software was used in the analysis in which Pillai's Trace, Wilks' Lambda, F-value, P-value, coefficient of determination and sum of square errors were applied to determine the contributions of each predictor
variable in the models built, to the petroleum product prices. Correlation and covariance analysis were also applied to know the joint effects of the variables. It was observed that PMS was greatly affected by the economic policies of Nigeria, same to the AGO and then DPK. PMS is insignificantly
impacted in an economy with two indicators where GNE is involved. PMS and AGO proved better than DPK in the economy of Nigeria. The relationship between GDP on Total reserve or External debt is positive. That is to say, any increase in these variables will result to an increase in the petroleum
product prices. Correlation and Covariance analysis revealed that the analysis between GNE and External debt proved to be the worst pair. The analysis on all the five predictors, GNE and External Debt, Total Reserve and External Debt, Total Reserve and GNE and Total Reserve and GDP had no
negative correlation, while GDP and GNE had negative correlations between AGO and DPK and AGO and PMS, also, GDP and GDP/Capita and GDP and Total Reserve recorded negative correlation respectively between PMS and AGO and AGO and PMS.
Fixed Point Theorems in Revised Fuzzy Metric Spaces
Authors: Muraliraj A. , Thangathamizh R.
Published: October 2021

In this paper, we examine the existence of fixed point results for Banach and Edelstein contraction theorems in Revised fuzzy metric spaces with the assistance of Grabiec. Thus, we create a new path in Revised fuzzy theory to obtain fixed point results. We hope that this paper creates
a new way to come up with several fixed point results in the Revised fuzzy metric spaces.
Reel Politiğin İzdüşümü: Gazâlî’nin İmamet Teorisinin Paradoksal Yapısı
Authors: YILDIRIM Onur
Published: October 2021

Ortaçağ İslam siyasal düşüncesinin merkezi konularından birisini imamet teorisi oluşturur. Bu teorinin ortaya konulmasında, Ortaçağ İslam siyasal düşüncesine kaynaklık eden iki ilmi tür başı çekmektedir: Kelâm ve siyaset fıkhı. Kelâm ve fıkhın bir dalı olarak siyaset fıkhı alanlarında kaleme alınan eserler, Ortaçağ İslam siyasal düşüncesinde devlet ve devlet başkanlığına ilişkin konuların yer aldığı imamet teorisinin genel çerçevesini belirlemektedirler. Gazâlî de, bir mütekellim ve fakih olması nedeniyle belli eserleri aracılığıyla bir imamet teorisi ortaya koymayı amaçlar. Gazâlî’nin ortaya koyduğu imamet teorisinin hem yaşadığı devrin dinsel, toplumsal ve siyasal koşullarıyla hem de idealleştirdiği devrin dinsel-siyasal yapısıyla ilişkisi bulunmaktadır. Çünkü Gazâlî, siyasal realite ile benimsediği (arzuladığı/özlem duyduğu) siyasal idealler arasında denge kurmaya çalışan bir düşünürdür. Onun siyasal açıdan realizm ile idealizm arasında kurma ihtiyacı duyduğu dengenin tezahürlerinden birisini imamet teorisi oluşturur. Onun imamet teorisi, devrinin siyasal, toplumsal ve dinsel gerginlikleriyle (Abbasi-Selçuklu ilişkisi ve Abbasi-Selçuklu cephesi ile Bâtınî-Fatımî cephesi) hemhal olan bir idealistin arzularıyla bu tür gerginlikleri ortadan kaldırma amacıyla siyasal teoriler ileri süren bir realistin denge arayışına dayanır. Ancak bu denge arayışı, onun imamet teorisinin paradoksal bir yapı ihtiva etmesine neden olmuştur. Bu çalışma birbirini tamamlama iddiasında olan iki bölümden oluşmaktadır. Birinci bölümde, Gazâlî’nin ideal siyasal rejiminin özellikleri ile kendi devrinde hüküm süren siyasal rejimin özellikleri ele alınacaktır. İkinci bölümde, bu iki rejim arasındaki farklılığın, Gazâlî’nin imamet teorisini şekillendirmesi açısından ne denli önemli olduğu ortaya konulacaktır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Gazâlî’nin imamet konusunu ele aldığı Fedâihu’l-Bâtıniyye, el-İktisâd fi’l-İtikâd ve İhyâu Ulûmu’d-Din başlıklı eserlerinden hareketle ortaya koyduğu imamet teorisinin paradoksal yapısını tahlil etmektir. Gazâlî’nin siyasetname türünde kaleme aldığı Ettibrül-Mesbük-fi Nasihat’il-Mülük adlı eseri, siyaset, yönetim ve din-devlet ilişkisi açısından önemli bilgiler içermesine rağmen, imamet konusu hakkında dolaylı veya doğrudan argümanlara yer vermediği için temel kaynak olarak tercih edilmemiştir. Bu esere, Gazâlî’nin siyaset ve din-devlet ilişkisi hakkındaki görüşleri bağlamında yeri geldikçe başvurulmuştur.
Kültürel Turizm Yapılarında Özgürleştiren Erişilebilir Tasarım Kavramı
Authors: ARSLAN Büşra , MUTLU Mehmet
Published: October 2021

Türkiye, coğrafi özellikleri, tarihi değerleri, mimari eserleri ve bununla birlikte, geçmişten beslenerek oluşturduğu ve koruyarak geleceğe aktardığı kültürel mirası ile önem taşımaktadır. Ülkenin, içinde barındırdığı çok sayıdaki kültürel yapının ziyaretçiler ile buluşması ise kültürel turizm faaliyetlerinin bir bölümünü oluşturmaktadır. Buradan hareketle, kültürel turizm yapılarının, farklı fiziksel ve demografik özelliklere sahip ziyaretçilerin gereksinim ve beklentilerini karşılaması önem teşkil etmektedir. Türkiye’de en az bir engeli bulunan kişilerin toplam nüfusa oranı %6,9 olup; kültürel turizm yapılarının çok büyük bir bölümü, bir ülke için azımsanamayacak orana sahip bu bireylere erişememektedir. Özellikle hareket kısıtlamaları dolayısıyla ortopedik engelliler, bu yapılarda özgürce hareket edememektedirler. Engelli bireylerin çektikleri zorluklar, gelişmiş toplumlarda yalnız onları değil, içinde bulundukları toplumun her bir bireyini, bilhassa bu mekânların tasarımcılarını da ilgilendirmektedir. Bu çalışma ile özgürleştirici bir tasarım kapsamında, kültürel turizmi ile dünya çapında önemli bir yere sahip olan ülkemizdeki kültürel turizm yapılarının, erişilebilirliğinin sağlanması için yeniden düşünülmesinin gerekliliği vurgulanmaktadır. Çeşitli engellilik türleri bulunmakta olup; özellikle hareket kısıtlamaları yaşayan ortopedik engellilerin, bu yapılarda sunulan hizmetlere, diğer bireyler ile eşit bir şekilde erişebilirliğinin sağlanması arzu edilmektedir. Ancak, bu erişilebilirliğin, kültürel turizm yapılarındaki hizmetlerin de ortopedik engele sahip bireylere erişebilirliğinin sağlanması ile mümkün olacağı belirtilmek istenmektedir. TS 12576 ve TS 9111 standartları doğrultusunda yapılacak olan uygulamaların tasarım esnasında ve sonradan yapılan uygulamaların rahatlıkla sağlanması ve tarihi özelliğe sahip olan koruma altındaki kültürel turizm yapılarda da mevcut yapıya ve çevresine değer katacak şekildeki gerçekleşmesi öngörülmektedir. Bununla birlikte, mevcut ve gelecek uygulamalara yön gösterecek nitelikte bir tanımlama, standart, ölçü, ilke ve kurallar ile erişilebilir tasarım anlayışını oluşturmak ve yerleştirmek amaçlanmıştır.
Kripto Paralarda Fiyat Balonlarının İncelenmesi: Pandemi Öncesi ve COVID-19 Dönemi İçin Bir Uygulama
Authors: KAYRAL İhsan Erdem
Published: October 2021

Çin, ilk SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) vakasını 31.12.2019 tarihinde Dünya Sağlık Örgütü'ne (DSÖ) bildirmiştir. Bununla birlikte söz konusu virüs kısa sürede Dünya'da 200'den fazla ülkeye yayılmıştır. 07.04.2021 tarihi itibariyle Dünyada 133 milyondan fazla vaka tespit edilirken, yaklaşık 2.9 milyon kişi hayatını kaybetmiştir. Pandemi koşullarında hükümetler vatandaşlarını korumak için farklı politikalar izlediler. Pandemi, bu ülkelerdeki sağlık sistemine ek olarak borsaları ve altın, petrol, kripto para gibi çeşitli küresel varlıkları da etkilemiştir. Bu çalışmada, 26.06.2018 - 07.04.2021 dönemi için piyasa değeri en yüksek olan kripto para birimlerinde fiyat balonlarının varlığının incelenmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Bu çalışma kapsamında, pandemi öncesi ve pandemi döneminde on kripto para birimindeki fiyat balonlarının araştırılması için SADF testi uygulanmıştır. Buna göre, on kripto para biriminden sekizinin fiyat balonuna sahip olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Pandemi öncesi dönemde en yüksek fiyat balonu sayısının toplam 84 işlem günü ile Binance Coin'de görüldüğü belirlenmiştir. Sırasıyla, Bitcoin, Chainlink (Bitcoin ile aynı gün sayısı), Litecoin ve Tether bu kripto para birimini takip etmiştir. Bununla birlikte, COVID-19 salgınında işlem günü bazında en yüksek fiyat balonu, toplam 230 gün ile Theta'da görülmüştür. Pandemi döneminde, Chainlink, Bitcoin, Ethereum, Cordano, Binance Coin ve Litecoin, Theta'yı sırasıyla 183, 140, 104, 94, 66 ve 28 işlem günü ile takip etmiştir. Fiyat balonlarının yaklaşık yüzde yetmiş beşi pandemi döneminde görülmüştür. Bu sonuçlar, kripto para birimlerinin yeni yatırımlar için spekülatif varlıklar olduğunu göstermektedir. Tüm analiz dönemi değerlendirildiğinde ise toplam 234 gün ile Chainlink'te en yüksek fiyat balonu tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca, Bitcoin 131 gün ile aralıksız en uzun fiyat balonunu göstermiş, Theta ve Ethereum bu kripto parayı takip etmiştir.
Fârâbî’nin Siyaset Felsefesinde Fikrî Güç ve Fikrî Erdemler
Authors: KAPLAN Yunus
Published: October 2021

Fârâbî felsefesinde ahlak ve siyaset merkezli insan açıklamaları, mutluluk kavramı etrafında şekillenir. Ona göre, dünyadaki mutluluğun ve ahiretteki en yüce mutluluğun milletler ve şehirler düzeyinde hasıl olabilmesi için her bir insanda nazarî erdemlerin, fikrî erdemlerin, ahlâkî erdemlerin ve amelî sanatların mükemmel bir seviyeye ulaşması şarttır. Bu erdemlerin kazanılması ve amelî sanatların elde edilmesi için öncelikle varlıkla ilgili incelemelerin tamamlanması gerekir. Fârâbî, böyle bir incelemenin bizi ilk adımda nazarî güçle elde edilen ontolojik, teolojik ve metafiziksel bilgilere ulaştıracağını belirtir. Varlık hakkındaki incelemeler sonucunda elde edilecek diğer ilimlere ait bilgilerle birlikte siyaset ilmi, mutluluğun kazanılmasına imkân sunabilecektir. Fârâbî, epistemik süreçlerin tamamlanabilmesi için insanın nazarî gücünün yanında fikrî gücünün rolüne de işaret eder ve siyasî fikrî erdemler açısından bu gücün kâmil bir mertebeye ulaşması gerektiğini belirtir. Fârâbî’nin sözünü ettiği fikrî gücün, insan hayatının vazgeçilmez gayesi olan mutluluğun kazanılması ve doğru bir siyaset ilminin imkânı meselesi açısından öneminin bir kez daha vurgulanması gerekmektedir. Bu maksatla ortaya çıkan çalışmada, öncelikle Fârâbî’nin fikrî güç ve fikrî erdemin arka planını oluşturan varlık hakkındaki incelemelerin metodolojisine dair izahlarına yer verilmektedir. İkinci olarak, fikrî güç ve fikrî erdem kavramları tahlil edilmekte ve siyasî fikrî erdem kavramı bu çerçevede değerlendirilmektedir. Çalışmada Fârâbî’nin ilgili tüm eserleri incelenerek, ilgili görüşleri metin içerisinde tahlil edilmekte ve sadece onun görüşleri dikkate alınmaktadır. Nihaî tahlilde günümüz insanının mutluluk ve doğru siyasetle ilgili teorik ihtiyaçlarına Fârâbî’nin fikrî güç ve fikrî erdem kavramları çerçevesinde getirdiği çözümlerin hâlâ geçerliliğini koruduğunu söylemek mümkündür.
Distance, Time, Speed & Energy: A Socio-Political Analysis of Technologies of Longer Distance Cycling
Authors: Cox Peter
Published: October 2021

The basic laws of motion governing cycling are well understood. Consideration of the variables of energy use in cycle travel is less frequent. The potentials of both aerodynamically efficient cycle design and the augmentation of human power with e-motors dramatically reconfigure what we understand as a cycle and as cycling.The prospect of increasing travel distance in regular journeying, coupled with the logical application of augmentation (aerodynamic and/or power), suggest a need to re-evaluate some of the ground expectations applied in design and planning for cycle travel if the cycles for which infrastructure is designed no longer conform to existing expectations of what a cycle is and how it performs.Current e-bike performance is principally limited by normative legislative intervention, not by the intrinsic potential of the technologies. Existing decisions as to what an e-bike can (and should) be are shaped by the performance expectations of late 19th- and early 20th-century bicycle designs. Shaping modal shift for longer trips returns us to thinking about the place of cycling travel time as a function of the relationship between distance and speed. Increased speed allows for greater distance without time penalty. However, speed is itself governed by available energy, coupled with the efficiency of use of that energy. Without entirely substituting human power, e-motors allow us to augment the human power available in different ways. Changes in cycle design (velomobiles, for example) allow us to increase the efficiency of use of available power in overcoming resistance to movement.Identifying the assemblage of cycle/cyclist as a variable, rather than a determinate object to be accommodated, raises difficult questions for cycling provision, especially in relation to longer distance travel. Drawing on the capacities of already existing technologies of cycling and e-cycling, the paper focuses on the social implications of potentially problematic interactions. It argues that new decisions will need to be made in regard to speed and distance in cycle travel and that the forging of regulations consequent on those fundamentals will substantially shape the potentials and possibilities of modal shift for longer distance cycle travel. What emerges is a politics of longer distance cycling, not simply a set of technical barriers and problems.
Sources for building intellectual potential of businesses during the transition to digital economy
Authors: Pleshchenko V. I.
Published: October 2021

During the period of digitalization and building the knowledge economy the conditions and nature of human labour (including people’s intellectual work) are significantly changing. The author analyzes a vast amount of publications on the topic and concludes that building intellectual potential is largely dependent on the effectiveness of models of crossfunctional and interpersonal coordination used, as well as on how various groups (hierarchy levels) of the company are prepared to cooperate with each other. Therefore, the author points out a vital role of social and cultural factors, following tradition and ensuring the continuity of development for success in enlarging intellectual potential. The article emphasizes the importance of preserving key social skills of the employees in the context of development of digital technology and remote interaction. The author points out the limited potential of “creative class” representatives in an industrial company which makes development of tools for internal entrepreneurship, implemented with the support of its own staff, even more acute. So, the new reality presupposes that the most important task of increasing intellectual potential of an industrial company and obtaining dynamic capabilities essential for its development should be solved with the consideration of the action of inertial forces. Thus the process will be of more uniform and stable character, and it will ensure the continuity of various social and historical practices which existed in Russia and the USSR. The institutional environment for reproduction of innovation formed at the corporate level should involve modern international models and methods of job organization and take into account cultural and historical peculiarities of development of the Russian society.
Prolonged Cardiac Arrest in Severe Bupropion Intoxication: Everything You Should Know About Anti-Arrhytmics, Transesophageal Echocardiography Guided Resuscitation and Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation
Authors:   Department of Emergency Medicine, University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium, Celis Caitlin , Willems Melvin ,   Department of Emergency Medicine, University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium, Pellens Ben ,   Department of Emergency Medicine, University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium, Vandervelden Stefanie ,   Department of Emergency Medicine, University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
Published: October 2021

A 30-year-old woman was admitted to the emergency department one and half hours after severe bupropion extended-release intoxication, estimated to be between 18 and 36 g. She initially presented with seizures and later developed signs of cardiotoxicity with persisting sustained ventricular tachycardia. Despite multiple defibrillation attempts and the administration of sodium bicarbonate, calcium gluconate and magnesium, restoration of sinus rhythm was found unsuccessful. In another attempt to treat this refractory ventricular tachycardia lidocaine was given followed by deterioration to asystole. During cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), the quality of chest compression was assessed and optimised using transoesophageal echocardiography. Eventually venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) was needed to achieve hemodynamic stability. In this case report we discuss the successful use of VA-ECMO after bupropion intoxication, which has only been reported in 3 other cases but should be considered as one of the treatment options in severe overdose cases. Also, the rare complication of asystole after lidocaine administration and the value of transoesophageal echocardiography during CPR will be discussed.
Ultra-Early Cord Decompression in the Emergency Setting and its Impact on Outcome
Authors:   Trauma Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Ahmadvand Ali , Behzadnia Mohammad J. ,   Trauma Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran and Faculty of Medicine, Azad University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Jahanbakhshi Amin ,   Department of Neurosurgery, Skull Base Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Zarei Mohammad R. ,   Department of Emergency Medicine, Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Published: October 2021

Background Traumatic cervical are injuries are very common due to high motility of cervical spine and its vulnerability to traumatic injuries. Optimal time for stabilizing the patients with traumatic spinal fractures remains controversial. It is almost due to different outcomes in various studies and the lack of consensus about it. Here we explain an ultra–early cord decompression that led to complete recovery of a patient with severe cervical cord injury. Case Presentation The patient was a 27-year-old gymnast woman with a recent history of spinal cord injury caused by high jumping with head back and neck hyperextension presented within 2-hours of trauma. As a critical case and lack of advanced radiologic equipment, only cervical spinal radiographs were used for decision-making within the first 3 hours of injury to save the patient’s cord function by surgical decompression. Conclusion Many studies have proposed different intervention times for achieving the optimal result; however, we present an ultra-early surgery (within 3-hours of injury), conducted in a context of limited medical facilities. This case revealed an excellent result after 12-months follow-up.
Agir professoral
Authors: LESCOURRET BORER Mariana
Published: October 2021

This contribution proposes to look back at the planning and organisation of my didactic sequences of FLE during the six weeks of distance teaching imposed by the confinement. After a presentation of the teaching context in which I find myself, I will present the digital tools mobilised to carry out the sequences and achieve the learning objectives. I will then discuss the phases that structured this period, namely a revision phase, a creative phase followed by a phase of discovery of new notions. After describing these three phases, I will give my personal reflections on how I experienced these different periods, and in particular on the place and role I gave to digital technology in the teaching scenario.
Cours de hongrois à distance
Authors: LŐRINSZKY Ildikó
Published: October 2021

The period of confinement forced thousands of teachers around the world to change their teaching practices overnight in order to maintain contact with their students and ensure the continuity of their work together. The Hungarian Section of Inalco, where I work, faced the same difficulty: our team was forced to reshape its curriculum in a hurry and under the constraints imposed by an exceptional situation. The anxiety-inducing nature of this two-month period tended to obscure the positive contribution that the forced transformation of our mode of operation could have made. This was expressed in particular by a permanent questioning of our habits and our capacity for renewal.
O uso do transporte público urbano em cidades médias brasileiras: um estudo de caso sobre o número de passageiros em Juiz de Fora, MG
Authors: Corrêa Vinícius Pereira , Conforte Daniel , Pereira Luiz Antônio Rozendo , Sanches Fabio , Castro Samuel Rodrigues , Lima Fernando
Published: October 2021

O sistema de transportes é hoje um dos principais fatores que redefinem os domínios das cidades médias brasileiras, por possibilitarem a estruturação de redes de fluxo de produtos e pessoas. Dentro deste sistema, o transporte público urbano (TPU) tem como função assegurar o direito à cidade, promovendo a mobilidade urbana de cidadãos e a inclusão social. No contexto da cidade de Juiz de Fora, MG, desde 2013 há um cenário de insatisfação dos usuários perante os serviços prestados pelas empresas de ônibus, com protestos defendendo a estagnação da tarifa e melhores condições de transporte. Diante disso, buscou-se analisar o número de passageiros de TPU em Juiz de Fora, considerando fatores que influenciam este contingente. Utilizando dados de 2013 a 2019, o número de passageiros de TPU foi estabelecido como variável primária, sendo relacionada a três variáveis secundárias: (a) preço da tarifa, (b) frota de carros particulares e (c) população municipal. Observou-se uma queda da variável primária enquanto houve um crescimento das secundárias. A correlação entre as variáveis foi verificada pelo método de Correlação de Pearson, o qual apontou correlações fortes entre os três pares. Para maior compreensão da queda do número de passageiros de TPU considerou-se ainda a influência de outros fatores, como a introdução dos serviços de transporte sob demanda na cidade e a troca do consórcio de ônibus urbano, ambas ocorridas em 2016. Desta forma, este trabalho refere-se às primeiras análises sobre o tema e aponta possíveis caminhos para o futuro do TPU.
Spatial quality assessment of the pedestrian's environment using online digital tools
Authors: Senna João Victor Garcia de , Magagnin Renata Cardoso , Fontes Maria Solange Gurgel de Castro
Published: October 2021

Tourist cities, in addition to offering places of attraction, must have quality spaces, with pedestrian-oriented infrastructure to ensure comfort, safety, accessibility, among other aspects that contribute to increasing local attractiveness. However, for this to happen, it is necessary that these cities know the reality of the pedestrian-oriented infrastructure available, through accurate surveys, which can be done on site and/or through online digital tools. In this context, this paper shows results from a study on the quality of pedestrian infrastructure on an important avenue in the tourist city of Barra Bonita, a city in the Midwest of São Paulo. The methodology incorporated the use of the spatial quality index of the pedestrian environment (IQEAP), developed by TONON (2019), and the virtual tools of Google Earth and Street View. The analysis of the results showed that the evaluated area has "Regular" IQEAP and, therefore, needs improvements in aspects involving the three pedestrian environment plans aimed at the pedestrian scale. The results also show negative aspects in relation to the virtual form of data survey (technical audit), which is not very accurate due to the dates of the images, absence of precision tools, and low image resolution. However, significant positive aspects can be highlighted, such as the reduction of survey time on site (in situ), and the use of fewer financial resources. Thus, this method can facilitate the survey of data in places of difficult geographical access, dispersed, large or distant areas, and thus become an innovative and practical option.
Диалектический метод и принцип восхождения от абстрактного к конкретному в теориях отечественной психологии
Authors: Чеснокова М.Г.
Published: October 2021

В статье поднимается вопрос о применимости методологических принципов советской психологии для решения актуальных задач современной науки. Сложность вопроса усугубляется тем, что методологические принципы в отечественной психологии вообще мало отрефлексированы, допускают разное толкование, относятся к разным методологическим уровням, имеют разные сферы приложения. В данной статье представлен содержательный анализ одного из главных принципов отечественной психологии советского периода — принципа восхождения от абстрактного к конкретному. Рассматриваются три основные трактовки метода восхождения от абстрактного к конкретному в психологии, предложенные Л.С. Выготским, С.Л. Рубинштейном и А.Н. Леонтьевым. У Выготского акцент был сделан на аналитической составляющей метода и поиске «клеточки» психологии при сохранении «старого» эмпирического понимания общего («абстрактно-общего») как одинакового для всех. Восхождения к конкретному — объяснению многообразия явлений психического в их взаимосвязи — здесь не получилось. Рубинштейн прибегает к методу восхождения от абстрактного к конкретному и как психолог, и как философ. Он восстанавливает внутреннюю логику развития психических процессов и образований из исходного противоречия субъективного и объективного, заложенного в природе психического отражения, а затем переходит к объяснению структуры человеческого бытия и основных способов отношения человека к миру. Леонтьев по существу полностью «выводит» психику из деятельности, определяя ее как «функциональный орган» деятельности. Таким образом, формально один и тот же метод предстает у Выготского как аналитический, у Рубинштейна — как аналитико-синтетический, у Леонтьева — как метод «выведения». Вместе с тем опыт отечественных психологов демонстрирует большой методологический потенциал этого метода, в том числе для решения интегративных задач современной психологии.
Full plate & spot test plaque assays + PFU/mL calc. - anaerobic/slow growing bacteria v1
Authors: Sølbeck Rasmussen Torben
Published: October 2021

Protocol for plaque assays - either a full plate plaque assay that are more laborious but with high accuracy, or a spot test plaque assay that are for higher throughput but with less accuracy.
HMA determination v1
Authors: Guo Shuning
Published: October 2021

This protocol is used to determine the yield of HMA producted by E. coli by using HPLC.