bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Application of Kinesiotaping In Rehabilitation of Employees of Power Structures Involved in Elimination of Emergencies Consequences
Authors:   State Research Center – Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russian Federation, Samoylov A.S. , Velichko M.N. ,   State Research Center – Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russian Federation, Belyakova A.M. ,   State Research Center – Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russian Federation, Rylova N.V. ,   State Research Center – Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russian Federation, Kazakov V.F. ,   State Research Center – Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russian Federation, Bolshakov I.V. ,   State Research Center – Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: October 2022

The aim of the study was to determine the current evidence base for the effectiveness of kinesiotaping in Russian EMERCOM employees suffering from osteoarthritis of knee joint. Materials and research methods. The data of the Russian and foreign literature on the efficacy of the kinesiotaping method in osteoarthritis were analyzed. The research was performed using electronic databases MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, eLIBRARY and PEDro for the period from 2007 till 2021. The following key words and their combinations were used: kinesioteaping, knee joint, osteoarthritis, rehabilitation. Study results and their analysis. More than 1,000 articles were found and analyzed as a result of the search. Seven studies met the inclusion criteria. Analysis of the results of the study led to the following conclusions: Kinesiotaping can be considered a proven method of pain reduction without any side effects. A positive effect of kinesiotaping on proprioreception and range of motion in the joint has been established. At the same time, the evidence base for positive effects of kinesiotaping as an effective rehabilitation tool is ambiguous, which suggests the need for further research. The lack of standardization of the type of kinesiotape used, its adhesive qualities, thickness, elasticity, place of application and duration of wear make it difficult to determine the effectiveness of kinesiotaping in patients with osteoarthritis. Since most studies have involved people under 30 years of age, it remains unclear whether age-related changes in skin texture and structure affect the effects of kinesiotaping.
Case Study of Transporting Blood Components Using an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle
Authors:   Kirov Military Medical Academy , St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Nosov A.M. , Savel’ev A.I. ,   St. Petersburg Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences , St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Vil’yaninov V.N. ,   Kirov Military Medical Academy , St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Romashova U.E. ,   Kirov Military Medical Academy , St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Lebedev I.V. ,   St. Petersburg Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences , St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Lebedeva V.V. ,   St. Petersburg Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences , St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Yanin A.P. ,   Kirov Military Medical Academy , St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Samokhvalov I.M. ,   Kirov Military Medical Academy , St. Petersburg, Russian Federation,   St. Petersburg Research Institute of Emergency Medicine named after I.I. Janelidze , St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
Published: October 2022

The objectives of the study were to evaluate the effect of transportation of leucoreduced erythrocyte suspension (LES) using a rotary-type unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) (drone); to determine its application and use in clinical practice after transportation on a drone. Materials and research methods. Transportation of 6 doses of LES with a volume of 260 to 300 ml using a rotary-type UAV was performed. Before and after transportation suitability of blood components for clinical use was determined; the number of erythrocytes, platelets, leukocytes, free hemoglobin, and hematocrit were estimated. We evaluated the speed of blood component delivery by automobile transport during the period of minimal traffic in St. Petersburg. The speed of delivery by automobile transport was compared with the estimated speed of delivery by UAV. Study results and their analysis. Changes in the indices of LES laboratory tests after transportation by UAV of rotor type were not statistically significant and remained within the norms. Transportation of blood components by motor transport takes more time than their delivery by drone under metropolitan conditions — (15 min 17 s ± 39,3 s) and 5 min 46 s, respectively. The results of the pilot study demonstrated the suitability of using LES in clinical practice after its transportation by rotor-type UAV. In addition, delivery of blood components and other medical drugs by drones in metropolitan areas can be performed much faster and will be more cost-effective than transportation by road transport.
Problems of Modern Algorithm in Basic Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation
Authors:   Ryazan State Medical University named after acad. I.P. Pavlov, Ryazan, Russian Federation, Obereshin V.I.
Published: October 2022

The modern algorithm of actions during basic cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is evaluated. Proposals have been made to change the sequence of certain actions to rescue a patient who is clinically dead.
Effects of Different Media on Growth and Flowering Traits of Calendula Officinalis L.
Authors: Kumar Rakesh , Singh Ajay Kumar , Tomar KS , Gupta Arbind Kumar
Published: October 2022

Effects of eight different potting media compositions on growth and flowering traits of Calendula was studied. Among different media compositions, T5 have positive effect on root length (18.33 cm), number of leaves (62.77) and number of branches (9.12) per plant while T3 was found to be best for root spread (14.10 cm) and plant spread (22.67 cm). Calendula plants raised in T5 exhibited maximum (6.10 cm) flower diameter and flower bud diameter (1.40 cm), took minimum days (66.39) for flower bud initiation and also for flower bud opening (74 days). Maximum number of flower buds and flowers per plant were recorded in T2. The growth and flowering of Calendula was found superior in media composition of vermicompost and cocopeat.
Bangladesh J. Bot. 51(3): 417-424, 2022 (September)
Electromyography based Gesture Recognition: An Implementation of Hand Gesture Analysis Using Sensors
Authors: Khan Talha , Shaheer Ahmed  , Syed Safdar Ali Rizvi  , Sadique Ahmad  , Nitasha Khan
Published: October 2022

Motion sign-based language has an important role in the mute community, that is for data transmission. Usually, silent and dumb people counter very difficult situations to convey information to normal people. This paper proposes research that can ease the life of the deaf community. The work presented in this paper is a communication bridge between normal-hearing persons and persons with less hearing ability or impaired persons. The proposed research ‘Gesture–Talk’ can be used as an interpreter between any normal person and deaf and mute persons. The Gesture–Talk is based on the language used in Pakistan which is Pakistan Sign Language (PSL), which is a standard language used by deaf persons in Pakistan. Using Gesture–Talk, PSL can be translated into voice. The idea is to develop a small portable application that can be used as a middle layer application between normal and deaf people. The authors have used an electrical sensor that will collect the data by detecting electrical pulses that will be sent to the microcomputer (raspberry pi 3) where the data will be processed and sent to the speaker from which voice will be generated. A cost-effective and novel approach has been proposed in this research paper compared to the other existing approaches. Moreover, Artificial Intelligence (AI) based predictive or classification algorithms may be applied for the best optimal results.
Need-Based Facilities in Shopping Malls: A Case Study of Emerald Mall, Karachi, Pakistan
Authors: Memon Reena Majid , Talpur Bushra Danish , Pasha Yasira Naeem , Kaka Zoya Gul , Iftakhar Nazia
Published: October 2022

Shopping is an activity embedded in society and is done in different modes in different societies. The objective of this research is to present contemporary shopping as a modified activity, which is widely practiced in shopping malls. Furthermore, it intends to examine contemporary shopping behavior in light of the user's need-based facilities. It signifies the use of the shopping mall as a multi-fold activity encompassing the allied facilities. These include a washroom, a prayer area, an Automated Teller Machine (ATM), currency exchange, lost and found, a rest room, a child care area, a baby cart, a first aid room, and a bank, to name a few. These user-based facilities have emerged as distinct attributes of shopping malls, defining the peculiarity of a mall. This research focuses on some need-based facilities mainly and then narrows down to sub-categories of need-based facilities in a selected shopping mall named Emerald Mall. The research adopts the quantitative method for data collection and presents findings statistically while the standards are relevant to the shopping mall attributes collectively. The findings include the identification of inadequate facilities such as a lost and found counter, an ATM, a prayer area, currency exchange, and washrooms. Furthermore, a rest room, a child care area, a baby cart, a bank, and a first aid room for emergency care were missing. The research concluded that the selected shopping mall needs improvements in many areas, while some areas are already established, including design consideration for physically challenged users. The research establishes its contribution as the provision of framework and modular analysis of selected study for contextual approach for the development of the architectural design. Research also recommends design innovations in the selected mall in order to address the discrepancies identified.
Effectiveness of periodontal intervention on the levels of N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide in chronic periodontitis patients
Authors: Fazal Ibrahim , Shetty Bhavya , Yadalam Umesh , Khan Safiya Fatima , Nambiar Manjusha
Published: October 2022

Background: N-terminal-pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) is an inactive hormone that is seen during inflammation and is a known biomarker of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Evidence suggests that periodontitis has a bidirectional relationship with CVD and NT-proBNP has a potential role in periodontal disease. However, there is no evidence on the impact of nonsurgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) on the levels of NT-proBNP in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and serum in patients with chronic periodontitis. Hence, the aim of this study was to compare the levels of NT-proBNP in GCF and serum in patients with chronic generalized periodontitis.
Materials and methods: GCF and serum samples were collected in 19 patients with chronic periodontitis before and after NSPT after 6 weeks and the cumulative or reduction in values of NT-proBNP in GCF and serum was assessed. NT-proBNP levels in GCF and serum were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
Results: The concentrations of NT-proBNP were significantly reduced in GCF and serum after NSPT. Statistically significant difference of NT-proBNP concentration between pre- and postgroups in GCF was apparent (p < 0.0001), whereas statistically nonsignificant results in NT-proBNP serum levels when compared at baseline to postoperative state with mean of 61.77 (22.6 standard deviation [SD]) preoperatively and 72.67 (51.86 SD) postoperatively (p = 0.0007) was observed.
Conclusion: Significant reduction of NT-proBNP concentrations in GCF and serum in patients with chronic periodontitis subjected to NSPT was observed. This may account for a significant relation between periodontal disease, bacteremia, and CVD.
RTSP and HTTP Protocol Analysis for Streaming Services on Manet Networks in State Polytechnic of Malang
Authors: Firmansyah Mohamad Iqbal Maulana , Suharto Nugroho , Prasetyo Yoyok Heru
Published: October 2022

To facilitate learning with video streaming, a transport protocol that can send video is needed, such as HTTP (Hyper Text Transfer Protocol) or RTSP (Real Time Streaming Protocol). Both protocols have their respective advantages and disadvantages when sent over a MANET network. One of them is that the throughput on RTSP is greater but the use of memory is more, this is inversely proportional to the RTSP protocol. In this study, the delay value in scheme 1 HTTP and RTSP protocols has an average delay of 23.225 seconds and 19.075 seconds. The throughput has an average value of 699.165 kbps and 802.656 kbps. Packet loss has an average value of 0.428% and 17.9%. For the use of transmit power nodes have an average of -33 dBm and -31.25 dBm. Memory usage has an average value of 108.46 Mb and 149.6 Mb.While in scheme 2 the delay values for HTTP and RTSP protocols are 28 seconds and 26.1 seconds on average. Throughput 1186,803 kbps and 1316,076 kbps. Packet loss has an average value of 0.0325% and 18.69%. On the use of transmit power nodes have an average of -34 dBm and -32 dBm. Memory usage has an average value of 107.525 Mb and 154.275 Mb.
Indoor Positioning and Navigating System Application Using Wi-Fi with Fingerprinting Method and Weighted K-Nearest Neighbor Algorithm
Authors: Hadi Yulianto Arya Putra , Zakaria M. Nanak , Yulianto Ahmad WIlda
Published: October 2022

The need for accurate indoor location determination, object tracking, digital maps and indoor travel routes is increasing along with the construction of buildings that have complex and spacious layouts. The current Global Positioning System navigation system is only effective for outdoor use. However, when used indoors it becomes inaccurate due to factors such as signal attenuation and multipath caused by wall obstructions in the building. This study designed an application of Indoor Positioning and Navigating System Using Wi-Fi with Fingerprinting method and Weighted K-Nearest Neighbor algorithm. In the design process, it is necessary to create a fingerprinting database by considering the number of Access points and environmental conditions. Based on the results of the study, the location results of the application show that from floors 1,2, and 3. Floor 1 has a room accuracy result of 89% and a point accuracy of 86% with an average deviation of 1.42 px or 0.9 m, floor 2 has room accuracy results. of 65% and a point accuracy of 70% with an average deviation of 2.43 px or 1.7 m, and the 3rd floor has a room accuracy of 86% and a point accuracy of 68% with an average deviation of 2.27 or 1.5 m. Based on the data above, this application is proven to be able to detect the position of someone in the room with a success percentage on the 1st floor by 90%, the 2nd floor by 55%, and the 3rd floor by 80%.
Yield of alfalfa varieties is variable in stressful weather conditions
Authors: Stepanova Galina
Published: October 2022

The growing seasons of 2010 and 2011 were characterized by high air temperature and lack of moisture from April to August, which caused a significant decrease in yield. Pastbishch-nay 88 and Agnia varieties were the most productive in conditions of moisture deficiency. The collection of green mass amounted to 11.5–22.6 t/ha, seeds — 127–176 kg/ha. The yield of the Vega 87 standard variety was 7.3 and 15.2 t/ha of green mass, seeds — 97 and 113 kg/ha. In 2012, under weather conditions close to the average annual yield of Pastbishchnay88 and Agniya varieties increased to 50.1 and 51.8 t/ha of green mass, seeds — up to 669 and 747 kg/ha. The yield of the Vega 87 variety reached 43.2 t/ha of green mass and 386 kg/ha of seeds.
Analysis of the source material of variable alfalfa in various ecotopes of the Central Chernozem region
Authors: Borodaeva Zhanna
Published: October 2022

The results of the evaluation of eight breeding varieties and new varietal populations of alfalfa are presented on highly productive chernozems of the field crop rotation, sod-meadow soil of the meadow ecotope and sandy loam chernozem in the Central Chernozem region. The effective signs «Dry matter productivity» and «Seed yield» depend on the «Ecotope» factor by 68.7% and 63.58%, respectively. The assessment of seed productivity of varietal populations and morpho-anatomical features of its formation depending on the growing conditions is given. It is concluded that it is necessary to analyze the source material of variable alfalfa at the early stages of breeding in ecotopes characteristic of the region of planned cultivation.
The Relationship Between Self-Concept with Depression Degree in Hypertensive Patient
Authors: Baharuddin Baharuddin , Israwati Israwati
Published: October 2022

In hypertensive patients, a negative self-concept (body-image, self- ideal, self-esteem, self-role and self-identity) will trigger a depression. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between self-concept with the degree of depression in hypertensive patients at the Masalle Community Health Center, Masalle Sub District, Enrekang District. The subjects of this cross sectional study were 71 hypertensive patients selected by purposive sampling technique. Data were collected through questionnaire, then analyzed descriptively in the form of frequency and percentage, then continued with Chi square test, and ended with multiple linear regression test. The results of data analysis show that body-image and self-esteem is associated with the degree of depression in hypertensive patients. Key words: Depression, Hypertension, Self-concept
Unraveling the mechanobiology of cornea: From bench side to the clinic
Authors: Yang Shu , Zhang Jing , Tan Youhua , Wang Yan
Published: October 2022

The cornea is a transparent, dome-shaped structure on the front part of the eye that serves as a major optic element and a protector from the external environment. Recent evidence shows aberrant alterations of the corneal mechano-environment in development and progression of various corneal diseases. It is, thus, critical to understand how corneal cells sense and respond to mechanical signals in physiological and pathological conditions. In this review, we summarize the corneal mechano-environment and discuss the impact of these mechanical cues on cellular functions from the bench side (in a laboratory research setting). From a clinical perspective, we comprehensively review the mechanical changes of corneal tissue in several cornea-related diseases, including keratoconus, myopia, and keratectasia, following refractive surgery. The findings from the bench side and clinic underscore the involvement of mechanical cues in corneal disorders, which may open a new avenue for development of novel therapeutic strategies by targeting corneal mechanics.
Cardiac tissue engineering: Multiple approaches and potential applications
Authors: Gisone Ilaria , Cecchettini Antonella , Ceccherini Elisa , Persiani Elisa , Morales Maria Aurora , Vozzi Federico
Published: October 2022

The overall increase in cardiovascular diseases and, specifically, the ever-rising exposure to cardiotoxic compounds has greatly increased in vivo animal testing; however, mainly due to ethical concerns related to experimental animal models, there is a strong interest in new in vitro models focused on the human heart. In recent years, human pluripotent stem cells-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) emerged as reference cell systems for cardiac studies due to their biological similarity to primary CMs, the flexibility in cell culture protocols, and the capability to be amplified several times. Furthermore, the ability to be genetically reprogrammed makes patient-derived hiPSCs, a source for studies on personalized medicine. In this mini-review, the different models used for in vitro cardiac studies will be described, and their pros and cons analyzed to help researchers choose the best fitting model for their studies. Particular attention will be paid to hiPSC-CMs and three-dimensional (3D) systems since they can mimic the cytoarchitecture of the human heart, reproducing its morphological, biochemical, and mechanical features. The advantages of 3D in vitro heart models compared to traditional 2D cell cultures will be discussed, and the differences between scaffold-free and scaffold-based systems will also be spotlighted.
Seeing through cells: Rapid measurement of intracellular target proteins
Authors: Larsson Per-Olof , Leiva Eriksson Nelida
Published: October 2022

We have studied a method for making microbial cells transparent by immersing them in a solution with a high refractive index (RI). When the RI of the solution was matching that of the cells, light scattering was greatly diminished (by a factor of up to about 100) and the cell suspension became transparent, facilitating the spectrophotometric determination of intracellular compounds such as hemoglobin. We investigated the properties of several compounds such as sucrose, glycerol, bovine serum albumin, FicollTM, and iodixanol (OptiprepTM), each with advantages and disadvantages. Particularly good overall properties were found for iodixanol at a concentration of around 36% (w/v) and bovine serum albumin at a concentration of about 30% (w/v). By using this RI-matching principle the production of intracellular compounds can easily be followed in near real-time during fermentation processes. For example, some conditions for producing plant hemoglobin in Escherichia coli were conveniently determined without the need of any cell disintegration or product purification.
Role of microRNAs in trophoblast invasion and spiral artery remodeling: Implications for preeclampsia
Authors: Hayder Heyam , Shan Yanan , Chen Yan , O’Brien Jacob Anderson , Peng Chun
Published: October 2022

It is now well-established that microRNAs (miRNAs) are important regulators of gene expression. The role of miRNAs in placental development and trophoblast function is constantly expanding. Trophoblast invasion and their ability to remodel uterine spiral arteries are essential for proper placental development and successful pregnancy outcome. Many miRNAs are reported to be dysregulated in pregnancy complications, especially preeclampsia and they exert various regulatory effects on trophoblasts. In this review, we provide a brief overview of miRNA biogenesis and their mechanism of action, as well as of trophoblasts differentiation, invasion and spiral artery remodeling. We then discuss the role of miRNAs in trophoblasts invasion and spiral artery remodeling, focusing on miRNAs that have been thoroughly investigated, especially using multiple model systems. We also discuss the potential role of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia.
A non-fluorinated superhydrophobic composite coating with excellent anticorrosion and wear-resistant performance
Authors: Xiao Peng , Yang Liheng , Liu Jianjun , Zhang Xiaoqin , Chen Dabing
Published: October 2022

The facile and low-cost fabrication of fluorine-free superhydrophobic metal surfaces for anticorrosion remains a challenging issue. Here, we report a superhydrophobic coating based on polyacrylate/SiO2 nanoparticles/graphene oxide sheets through a simple yet environmentally friendly method. The as-prepared composite coating sprayed on metal surfaces exhibits excellent superhydrophobic and corrosion-resistant properties. Furthermore, the coating surface possesses good anti-wear performance and remains superhydrophobic after harsh abrasion tests. Prospectively, the developed non-fluorinated superhydrophobic coating opens up opportunities for the application in industrial anticorrosion field.
Enhanced US/CT/MR imaging of integrin αvβ3 for liver fibrosis staging in rat
Authors: Tang Xueyao , Li Xuan , Li Mingxing , Zhong Xiaoling , Fu Wenguang , Ao Meng , Xuan Jiqing
Published: October 2022

Liver fibrosis is a global health challenge with high morbidity and mortality rates, and diagnostic sensitivity of liver fibrosis tests can be increased using multimodal molecular agents. We designed cyclic arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (cRGD)-modified nanoparticles (NPs) using ultrasound (US)/computed tomography (CT)/magnetic resonance (MR) triple-modality imaging to evaluate liver fibrosis stages. In vitro and in vivo studies were conducted using primary hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) and a rat model of liver fibrosis induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). Our results showed cRGD-poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)-Fe3O4-perfluorocarbon bromide (cRGD-PLGA-Fe3O4-PFOB) NPs were preferentially internalised by activated HSCs (aHSCs). The main cell types expressing integrin αvβ3 during liver fibrogenesis were the aHSCs. The protein levels of αv and β3 expressed on aHSCs increased with the progression of liver fibrosis. After intravenous injection of cRGD-PLGA-Fe3O4-PFOB NPs, the echo intensity (EI) values, CT values, and T2 values of liver parenchyma correlated well with liver fibrosis severity. cRGD-PLGA-Fe3O4-PFOB NPs as multifunction contrast agents showed great potential to reflect the degree of HSC activation and distinguish among different liver fibrotic stages. The ligand-directed and integrin αvβ3-mediated accumulation provides active and passive targeting capabilities, permitting the targeted multimodal imaging of cRGD-PLGA-Fe3O4-PFOB NPs, which delivers accurate non-invasive diagnosis and real-time monitoring of liver fibrosis development.
Role of the cAMP signaling pathway in the dissemination and development on pepper fruit anthracnose disease caused by Colletotrichum scovillei
Authors: Fu Teng , Park Hyun-Hoo , Kim Kyoung Su
Published: October 2022

The ascomycete fungus Colletotrichum scovillei causes severe anthracnose disease on the fruit of sweet pepper and chili pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) worldwide. Understanding the biology of C. scovillei would improve the management of fruit anthracnose diseases. The cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) signaling pathway regulates diverse cellular and physiological processes in several foliar fungal pathogens. We investigated the roles of the cAMP signaling pathway in C. scovillei using pharmaceutical and genetic approaches. Exogenous cAMP was found to increase conidiation, appressorium formation, and anthracnose disease development in C. scovillei. CsAc1, CsCap1, and CsPdeH, which regulate the intracellular cAMP level, were deleted by homology-dependent gene replacement. Expectedly, the intracellular cAMP level was significantly decreased in ΔCsac1 and ΔCscap1 but increased in ΔCspdeh. All three deletion mutants exhibited serious defects in multiple fungal developments and pathogenicity, suggesting regulation of the intracellular cAMP level is important for C. scovillei. Notably, exogenous cAMP recovered the defect of ΔCsac1 in appressorium development, but not penetration, which was further recovered by adding CaCl2. This result suggests that CsAc1 is associated with both the cAMP and Ca2+ signaling pathways in C. scovillei. ΔCscap1 produced morphologically abnormal conidia with reduced tolerance to thermal stress. ΔCspdeh was completely defective in conidiation in C. scovillei, unlike other foliar pathogens. Taken together, these results demonstrate the importance of cAMP signaling in anthracnose disease caused by C. scovillei.
Endoscopic treatment of pancreaticopleural fistulas
Authors: Jagielski Mateusz , Piątkowski Jacek , Jackowski Marek
Published: October 2022

Introduction

Pancreaticopleural fistula (PPF) is a serious complication of acute and chronic pancreatitis.

Objective

To evaluate the effectiveness of various endoscopic techniques for the treatment of patients with PPFs.

Methodology

Prospective analysis of the results of endoscopic treatment of 22 patients with PPF due to pancreatitis was conducted at the Department of General, Gastroenterological, and Oncological Surgery, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, between 2018 and 2021.

Results

PPF was diagnosed in 22 patients (21 men and 1 woman; mean age 49.52 [30–67] years) with pancreatitis. In 19/22 (86.36%) patients, PPF communicated with the left pleural cavity and in 3/22 (13.64%) patients with the right pleural cavity. Chronic pancreatitis was diagnosed in 14/22 (63.64%) patients. Symptomatic pancreatic fluid collections were found in 15/22 (68.18%) patients with PPF (pancreatic pseudocyst in 11 and walled-off pancreatic necrosis in four patients). Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography was performed in 21/22 (95.45%) patients, confirming the diagnosis of PPF. All 21 patients underwent endoscopic sphincterotomy with prosthesis implantation in the main pancreatic duct (passive transpapillary drainage). In 1/22 (4.55%) patients, active transmural/transgastric drainage of the PPF was necessary due to inflammatory infiltration of the peripapillary region, precluding endoscopic pancreatography. Endoscopic transmural drainage was performed in all the 15 patients with pancreatic fluid collection. Clinical success was achieved in 21/22 (95.45%) patients. The mean total time of endotherapy was 191 (range 88–712) days. Long-term success of endoscopic treatment of PPFs during one year follow-up period was achieved in 19/22 (86.36%) patients.

Conclusions

Endoscopic treatment is effective for managing post-inflammatory PPFs. The preferred treatment method is passive transpapillary drainage (prosthesis of the main pancreatic duct). If transpapillary drainage is not feasible, transmural drainage of the PPF remains the preferred method. Endoscopic transmural drainage leads to closure of the fistula canal in patients with pancreatic fluid collection complicated by PPF.
The salmonella effector Hcp modulates infection response, and affects salmonella adhesion and egg contamination incidences in ducks
Authors: Song Lina , Wu Jia , Weng Kaiqi , Yao Fenghua , Vongsangnak Wanwipa , Zhu Guoqiang , Chen Guohong , Zhang Yu , Xu Qi
Published: October 2022

SalmonellaEntertidis (SE) often causes persistent infections and egg contamination in laying ducks. Hcp, the core structural and effector proteins of the Type VI Secretion System (T6SS) in SE, contributes to bacterial invasion, adhesion and virulence. However, little is known about the effect of Hcp on the host’s infection responses and egg contamination incidences in duck. Herein, we generated anhcpdeletion mutant SE MY1△hcpand detected its ability to invade duck granulosa cells (dGCs) and contaminate eggs. In comparison with MY1-infected group, the SE adhesion decreased by 15.96% in MY1△hcp-infected dGCs, and the apoptosis in MY1△hcp-infected dGCs decreased by 26.58% and 30.99% at 3 and 6 hours postinfection, respectively. However, the expression levels of immunogenic genesTLR4,NOD1,TNFα,IL-1βand proinflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α release were markedly lower in the dGCs inoculated with MY1△hcpthan that of the wild type. Besides, the laying ducks were challenged with MY1 or MY1△hcp in vivo, respectively. The lower egg production and higher egg contamination were observed in MY1-infected ducks in comparison with MY1△hcp-infected birds. Furthermore, the host’s infection response of differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) toSalmonellaeffector Hcp was identified using quantitative proteomics. A total of 164 DAPs were identified between the MY1- and MY1△hcp-infected cells, which were mainly engaged in the immune, hormone synthesis, cell proliferation and cell apoptotic process. Among them, STAT3, AKT1, MAPK9, MAPK14, and CREBBP were the center of the regulatory network, which might serve as key host response regulators to bacterial Hcp. In conclusion, we demonstrated that effector Hcp contributed to not only SE invasion, induction of dGCs apoptosis, and trigger of immune responses, but also enhanced contamination incidences. Also, the STAT3, AKT1, MAPK9, MAPK14, and CREBBP were identified as host’s infection response regulators of bacterial Hcp in duck. Overall, these results not only offered a novel evidence of SE ovarian transmission but also identified some promising candidate regulators during SE infection.
Proteomic analysis of Atg8-dependent recruitment of phagosomal proteins in the enteric protozoan parasite Entamoeba histolytica
Authors: Nakada-Tsukui Kumiko , Watanabe Natsuki , Shibata Kumiko , Wahyuni Ratna , Miyamoto Eri , Nozaki Tomoyoshi
Published: October 2022

Autophagy is one of the bulk degradation systems and is conserved throughout eukaryotes. In the enteric protozoan parasite Entamoeba histolytica, the causative agent of human amebiasis, Atg8 is not exclusively involved in autophagy per se but also in other membrane traffic-related pathways such as phagosome biogenesis. We previously reported that repression of atg8 gene expression by antisense small RNA-mediated transcriptional gene silencing (gs) resulted in growth retardation, delayed endocytosis, and reduced acidification of endosomes and phagosomes. In this study, to better understand the role of Atg8 in phagocytosis and trogocytosis, we conducted a comparative proteomic analysis of phagosomes isolated from wild type and atg8-gs strains. We found that 127 and 107 proteins were detected >1.5-fold less or more abundantly, respectively, in phagosomes isolated from the atg8-gs strain, compared to the control strain. Among 127 proteins whose abundance was reduced in phagosomes from atg8-gs, a panel of proteins related to fatty acid metabolism, phagocytosis, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) homeostasis was identified. Various lysosomal hydrolases and their receptors also tend to be excluded from phagosomes by atg8-gs, reinforcing the notion that Atg8 is involved in phagosomal acidification and digestion. On the contrary, among 107 proteins whose abundance increased in phagosomes from atg8-gs strain, ribosome-related proteins and metabolite interconversion enzymes are enriched. We further investigated the localization of several representative proteins, including adenylyl cyclase-associated protein and plasma membrane calcium pump, both of which were demonstrated to be recruited to phagosomes and trogosomes via an Atg8-dependent mechanism. Taken together, our study has provided the basis of the phagosome proteome to further elucidate molecular events in the Atg8-dependent regulatory network of phagosome/trogosome biogenesis in E. histolytica.
Porphyromonas gingivalis secretion leads to dysplasia of normal esophageal epithelial cells via the Sonic hedgehog pathway
Authors: Jia Xueting , Liu Jinan , He Yinxue , Huang Xiaofeng
Published: October 2022

Objectives

To investigate the pathogenic effect of Porphyromonas gingivalis cultured media on the esophagus and the mechanism underlying the effect.

Background

Periodontitis is strongly associated with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). The cultured media of P. gingivalis may act on healthy esophagus to trigger a malignant transformation; however, this has not been confirmed.

Methods

Cell migration assays and cell cycle measurements were performed on normal human esophageal epithelial cells in the presence or absence of P. gingivalis cultured media. The esophagi of healthy adult C57BL/6J mice were isolated and cultured in-vitro. Hematoxylin-eosin and immunohistochemical staining using antibodies against proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), Claudin 1 and Claudin 4 were performed to detect dysplasia in specific tissues. Total mRNA was extracted to determine transcriptional dysregulation. A specific inhibitor of Sonic hedgehog signaling, cyclopamine, was used to confirm the underlying molecular mechanism.

Results

In the presence of P. gingivalis cultured media, proliferation and migration of normal human esophageal epithelial cells were up-regulated, and aneuploid cells appeared. Compared with control cells, the arrangement of mouse esophageal epithelial cells became disordered, the percentage of PCNA-positive cells increased, and the positive staining of Claudin 1 and Claudin 4 became weak. In addition, the expression of cancer-related pathway genes was up-regulated but tight junction-related gene expression was down-regulated. The Sonic hedgehog pathway was abnormally activated, and its inhibition reduced the pathogenic effect of P. gingivalis cultured media.

Conclusions

We revealed that the cultured media of the key periodontal pathogen, P. gingivalis, can induce the malignant transformation of normal esophageal epithelium through the Sonic hedgehog pathway.
Sodium thiosulfate, a source of hydrogen sulfide, stimulates endothelial cell proliferation and neovascularization
Authors: Macabrey Diane , Joniová Jaroslava , Gasser Quentin , Bechelli Clémence , Longchamp Alban , Urfer Severine , Lambelet Martine , Fu Chun-Yu , Schwarz Guenter , Wagnières Georges , Déglise Sébastien , Allagnat Florent
Published: October 2022

Therapies to accelerate vascular repair are currently lacking. Pre-clinical studies suggest that hydrogen sulfide (H2S), an endogenous gasotransmitter, promotes angiogenesis. Here, we hypothesized that sodium thiosulfate (STS), a clinically relevant source of H2S, would stimulate angiogenesis and vascular repair. STS stimulated neovascularization in WT and LDLR receptor knockout mice following hindlimb ischemia as evidenced by increased leg perfusion assessed by laser Doppler imaging, and capillary density in the gastrocnemius muscle. STS also promoted VEGF-dependent angiogenesis in matrigel plugs in vivo and in the chorioallantoic membrane of chick embryos. In vitro, STS and NaHS stimulated human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) migration and proliferation. Seahorse experiments further revealed that STS inhibited mitochondrial respiration and promoted glycolysis in HUVEC. The effect of STS on migration and proliferation was glycolysis-dependent. STS probably acts through metabolic reprogramming of endothelial cells toward a more proliferative glycolytic state. These findings may hold broad clinical implications for patients suffering from vascular occlusive diseases.
Mesh nebulizers enabling transnasal pulmonary delivery of medical aerosols to infants and toddlers: Roles, challenges, and opportunities
Authors: Ari Arzu , Rubin Bruce K. , Fink James B.
Published: October 2022

The development of mesh nebulizer technology has expanded the ability to deliver medical aerosols to infants and small childrenvianasal cannula and prongs. Mesh nebulizers do not require compressed gas to generate aerosols and have a smaller, lighter profile facilitating placement in delivery circuits, unlike ultrasonic nebulizers. Prior to this century, aerosol delivery with the nasal interface to 1–4 kg infants or surrogate animal models was limited to low single-digit deposition.In vitroand animal studies with the enabling mesh technology increase inhaled dose by upwards of 14% when nasal continuous positive airway pressure ventilation is in use. Recently, investigations of transnasal aerosol delivery to the lung have expanded to include nasal cannula interfaces with both high and low flow oxygen administration, nasal continuous positive airway pressure therapy, and nasal noninvasive ventilation in treating respiratory distress, respiratory insufficiency, and acute respiratory failure of infants and toddlers. We will first examine the progression of testing transpulmonary delivery of medical aerosols fromin vitromodels toin vivoanimal and human studies. Then, we will explain current and developing applications in clinical practice to view future directions and opportunities.
Human-ecodynamics and the intertidal zones of the Zanzibar Archipelago
Authors: Faulkner Patrick , Sarathi Akshay , Crowther Alison , Smith Tam , Harris Matthew , Ali Abdallah K. , Haji Othman , LaViolette Adria , Norman Neil L. , Horton Mark , Boivin Nicole
Published: October 2022

The intertidal zone, covering the nearshore fringe of coasts and islands and extending from the high-water mark to areas that remain fully submerged, encompasses a range of habitats containing resources that are as important to modern populations as they were to humans in prehistory. Effectively bridging land and sea, intertidal environments are extremely dynamic, requiring complexity and variability in how people engaged with them in the past, much as they do in the present. Here we review and reconsider environmental, archaeological, and modern socio-ecological evidence from the Zanzibar Archipelago on eastern Africa’s Swahili coast, focusing on marine molluscs to gain insight into the trajectories of human engagement with nearshore habitats and resources. We highlight the potential drivers of change and/or stability in human-intertidal interactions through time and space, set against a backdrop of the significant socio-economic and socio-ecological changes apparent in the archipelago, and along the Swahili coast, during the late Holocene.
Case report: 11-ketotestosterone may potentiate advanced bone age as seen in some cases of Wiedemann-Steiner Syndrome
Authors: Buchanan Katherine , Greenup Erin , Hurst Anna C. E. , Sunil Bhuvana , Ashraf Ambika P.
Published: October 2022

Context

Wiedemann-Steiner Syndrome (WSS) is a genetic disorder associated with an array of clinical phenotypes, including advanced bone age and short stature. 11-ketotestosterone (11KT) is a member of the group known as 11-oxygenated C19 androgens that are implicated in premature adrenarche.

Case description

Case 1: The patient is a 3 year and 11-month-old female diagnosed with WSS due to deletion of KMT2A detected on CGH microarray. At two years and 11 months, imaging revealed an advanced bone age. We obtained an 11KT level on this patient. 11KT in case 1 was elevated at 26.3 ng/dL, while the normal reference range is 7.3-10.9 ng/dL and the reference interval for premature adrenarche is 12.3-22.9 ng/dL, The repeat 11KT at follow up (chronological age 4 years and 6 months) was still elevated at 33.8 ng/dL Case 2: A second child with WSS and a 5kb intragenic KMT2A deletion was evaluated at 11 months of age; his 11KT was 4.5 ng/dL.

Conclusions

The elevated 11KT may indicate maturational changes related to increasing adrenal gland androgenic activation and may explain the advanced bone age seen in some patients with WSS. To our knowledge, this is the first case report that describes 11KT as a bioactive androgen potentially causing bone age advancement in WSS. Lack of elevation of 11KT in the second child who is an infant suggests increasing androgenic precursors and metabolites related to premature adrenarche may need to be longitudinally followed.
Downregulationof circ_0001578 promotes gestational diabetes mellitus by inducing placental inflammation via the NF-κB and JNKs pathways
Authors: Zhang Wei , Zhao Xudong , Li Ling
Published: October 2022

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is one of the most common diseases during pregnancy. Some patients with GDM have adverse pregnancy outcomes. However, the pathogenesis of GDM is very complex and not well understood. In this study, we characterized the expression and functions of a circular RNA, circ_0001578, in GDM. In particular, using qRT-PCR, we verified previous RNA-seq results showing that circ_0001578 is significantly downregulated in the placental villous tissues of pregnant women with GMD. We demonstrated that plasma exosome circ_0001578 expression in the second trimester effectively predicts GDM at 28 weeks. Furthermore, in HTR-8/SVneo trophoblasts, the downregulation of circ_0001578 inhibited proliferation and migration and induced apoptosis. These changes may induce chronic inflammation in the placenta. These effects of circ_0001578 downregulation may be mediated by the upregulation of the NF-κB and JNK pathways, combined with increased expression levels of IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, and CRP. Collectively, the downregulation of circ_0001578 may promote GDM by inducing chronic inflammation in the placenta via the NF-κB and JNK pathways. Furthermore, our findings support that circ_0001578 has potential to serve as an early marker of GDM.
How breastfeeding behavior develops in women with gestational diabetes mellitus: A qualitative study based on health belief model in China
Authors: Qian Pan , Duan Lixia , Lin Rujiao , Du Xiwang , Wang Dan , Liu Chenxi , Zeng Tieying
Published: October 2022

Background

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a condition in which women develop hyperglycemia during pregnancy, and is associated with long-term health burden on both mother and their offspring, such as future type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Although breastfeeding was expected to mitigate metabolic sequelae for both mothers and their newborns, the prevalence of breastfeeding in GDM mothers are sub-optimal worldwide.

Objective

To explore the experience of disease among mothers with GDM and how they develop feeding behaviors.

Methods

This study was conducted in three branches of an integrated tertiary hospital in the central area of China. Mothers who were diagnosed with GDM, had no other complications, and gave birth before no more than 6 months were approached based on a purposive sampling. GDM mothers’ experience of the disease and breastfeeding were collected via in-depth interviews. A theory-driven thematic analysis based on Health Belief Model (HBM) was applied for data analysis. Inductive reasoning was used to identify emerging themes which were not included in HBM.

Results

16 GDM mothers were included in the current study, with nine using breastfeeding, six mixed feeding and one artificial feeding, respectively. Nine themes were identified, including: 1) GDM diagnosis and severity; 2) information searching and GDM knowledge;3) GDM management; 4) perceived susceptibility of future diabetes;5) perceived severity of future diabetes;6) perceived benefits of breastfeeding;7) perceived barriers of breastfeeding;8) decision making process of feeding and social support. Generally, mothers with GDM lack reliable sources of information, considered the disease as a minor and transient illness during pregnancy, and failed to realize the long-term risk of GDM and the protective effect of breastfeeding to themselves and their babies. They rarely considered GDM in their feeding decision. Instead, the formation of feeding behaviors depends on the balance between the benefits and barriers of breastfeeding as well as the level of social support.

Conclusion

To promote breastfeeding, a multi-facet intervention targeted on healthcare providers (HCPs), GDM mothers and their networks was important to help GDM mothers better and correctly understand the disease and breastfeeding, and increase their capacity of breastfeeding.