bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparative efficacy of polyethylene glycol 3350 and psyllium in treatment of pediatric functional constipation: A randomized and controlled trial
Authors: Shinghal Utsav , Kaundal Purshottam , Sharma Shruti
Published: June 2023

Background: Functional constipation (FC) is a common childhood problem worldwide. At present, polyethylene glycol (PEG) is considered as standard therapy in pediatric FC patients.

Aims and Objectives: The aim of the study was to compare the efficacy of PEG 3350 versus psyllium in treatment of pediatric FC.

Materials and Methods: All children (aged >1 year) diagnosed with FC according to Rome IV criteria and presenting to the outpatient department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition Unit of a tertiary health center in North Indian Himalayan state were randomized into two open label, prospective, parallel groups, namely, Group A (receiving PEG 3350) and Group B (receiving psyllium), over a period of 16 months. The comparative efficacy was evaluated by comparing the percent of patients with successful outcomes in two groups at 4, 8, and 12 weeks of therapy and the rate of recurrence of impaction in two groups was also assessed and compared over same period.

Results: Eighty-one patients were randomized into two groups. A significantly higher number of patients in Group A was successfully treated after 4 weeks (Group A 68.3% vs. Group B 42.5%; P = 0.026), 8 weeks (Group A 80.0% vs. Group B 57.9%; P = 0.049), and 12 weeks (Group A 92.3% vs. Group B 67.6%; P = 0.009) of treatment compared with Group B. Impaction recurred in two patients in Group B while no recurrence was observed in any of the Group A patients but the difference observed was not statistically significant (P = 0.494). No significant adverse events were reported in either groups.

Conclusion: PEG 3350 was found to be significantly more effective than psyllium in improving the symptoms of constipation in pediatric patients.
Effect of photopolymerization time on the microhardness of resin cement beneath feldspathic ceramic
Authors: A Lei María , L Macchi Ricardo , Picca Mariana
Published: June 2023

During ceramic veneer luting, resin cement polymerization is performed with interposition of the dental ceramic. Aim: To evaluate how and how much the photoactivation time affects the Vickers hardness of resin-based cements with interposed ceramic. Materials and Method: A total 24 specimens 11 mm in diameter and 1 mm thick were made from Paracore White Coltene (PC), Densell Resin Duo Cement (DC), 3M RelyX Veneer (RX) and Coltene Fill Up! (FU), interposing Vitablock Mark II (Vita Zahnfabrik) feldspathic ceramic 0.6 mm thick during photoactivation. The materials were polymerized using 100% and 25% of the times indicated by the manufacturers with a Coltolux LED (Coltene) light with intensity 1200 mW/cm2 . Each polymerization time group consisted of three specimens of each material, which were stored dry in darkness at 37 °C for 7 days. Three Vickers microhardness measurements were made on the top and bottom surfaces of each specimen using a Vickers Future Tech FM300 microhardness tester (300 g, 5 s). The values were averaged, and the bottom/top ratios calculated. Results were analyzed by ANOVA. (p<0.05) complemented with multiple comparisons using Tukey’s test (p<0.05). Results: Different photoactivation times were found to have a significant effect on hardness values of the cements evaluated, with significant differences between some of the cements. No statistically significant difference was found for the effect of photoactivation time on bottom/top microhardness ratio in those materials. Conclusions: Under the experimental conditions employed, it can be concluded that photopolymerization for shorter times and the interposition of restorative material significantly affect polymerization quality as evaluated by microhardness, but the bottom/top ratio was unaffected by differences in polymerization time.
EDITORIAL. El dilema del Editor ante las circunstancias actuales de la comunicación científica.
Authors: Ryder Elena
Published: June 2023

Recently the scientific community has been the subject of much controversy due to some facts that have arisen. One was the withdrawal of journals by the Web of Science for not carrying out adequate peer review processes and publishing articles lacking in scientific rigor in exchange for high publication costs. In fact, it can be verified that it is common to find works that appear accepted just two or three days after the date of receipt, making it doubtful of an adequate review. Many advocate “Open Science” as the freedom to commu-nicate results without the consent of referees or the sometimes very rigorous requirements of scientific journals. Another example case was that of a researcher sanctioned by his Uni-versity for considering the excessive authorship of works published by the said individual in a very short time, which seems to be doubtful. It is common to find cases of researchers advising working groups from various countries outside their country of origin, perhaps only as statistical analysts or offering their recognized names to stimulate the citation of an in-stitution or country. It would then be appropriate to ask the question: What would be the number of publications that an author may have so that it is not suspected of gratifying or convenient authorship, for himself or for the institution to which he belongs? On the other hand, it is known that authorship of papers may be obtained in high-impact journals through payments or citations that do not correspond to the topic dealt with in the work. Indeed, we have discovered some contributions with out-of-context citations in Investigación Clínicathrough a rigorous analysis of the references. Worse still, it is the communication, carried out by any individual who is not an expert in a field, through the most popular social net-works, of concepts that deeply permeate public opinion in general, being transmitted as if they were proven facts and therein the danger, in the specific case of Medicine, damage to health. For all of the above, the Editors of scientific journals must be very vigilant and ready to discuss the advantages or inconveniences of modern initiatives, the influence of social media in disseminating information, and knowing how to interpret their impact on public health. On the other hand, Journals have to balance the role of citations and impact indexes in the projection of Science individuals, as some academic institutions in European (Spain) or Asian (China) countries are doing.
Expression of MiR-20a-5p and its target gene in colon cancer and its effect on the proliferation and apoptosis of colon cancer cells.
Authors: Tang Xingkui , Lin Yukun , Wang Yaqiong , He Jialin , Luo Xijun , Jie Liang Jun , Zhu Xianjun
Published: June 2023

Abstract. We investigated the expression of micro ribonucleic acid (miR)-20a-5p and its target gene, breast cancer metastasis suppressor 1 like (BRMS1L), in colon cancer tissues and their effects on the proliferation and apoptosis of colon cancer cells. The dual luciferase assay was used to detect the targeted regulation of miR-20a-5p on BRMS1L. The expression levels of miR-20a-5p and BRMS1L in colon cancer tissues and cells were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). MiR-20a-5p mimic and mimic negative control (NC) were transfected into the colon cancer cell line SW480 by the liposome transient transfection method. The MTT assay, monoclonal formation of cancer cells, and flow cytometry were used to detect cell proliferation and apoptosis. The expres-sion level of miR-20a-5p in colon cancer tissues was significantly higher than that in adjacent tissues, and the expression level of BRMS1L was significantly lower than that in adjacent tissues. The expression level of miR-20a-5p was significantly correlated with tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage, lymph node metastasis, in-vasion depth, and differentiation degree. The higher the expression level of miR-20a-5p, the more advanced the TNM stage and invasion depth, and the easier it is for lymph nodes to metastasize (p<0.05). Compared with the control and the miR-NC groups, the miR-20a-5p group’s cell proliferation ability, expression of CyclinD1 and B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) were significantly increased, while apoptosis ability and caspase-3 protein expression were significantly decreased (p<0.05). The expression of miR-20a-5p in colon cancer tissues and cells in-creased. Overexpression of miR-20a-5p could promote the proliferation of colon cancer cells and inhibit their apoptosis.
Soil and Foliar Applications of Chitosan in the Control of Root-Knot Nematode in Tomato
Authors: GÖZE ÖZDEMİR Fatma Gül , ÖZEK Tuğçe , NDAYIRAGIJE Jean Claude , ÇEVİK Hacer , KARACA İsmail
Published: June 2023

In this research, the effect of soil, foliar and simultaneous soil+foliar applications of chitosan on gall and egg mass of root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita was investigated in tomato plants under controlled conditions (24±1°C, 60±5% RH). Fluopyram (0.16 ml/L) was used as positive control while only nematode-treated plants were considered as negative control. The study was set up in a randomized plot design with 5 replications for each application. The liquid suspension of chitosan diluted at 1% was used. In soil application, 5 ml was applied to each pot by using a graduated cylinder while in foliar application, the liquid suspension at 1% was applied using a portable hand sprayer until the solution was finished. The study was evaluated according to the 1-9 gall and egg mass index 60 days after inoculation of nematodes. The lowest gall (2.8) and egg mass (2.4) indexes were detected in the simultaneous soil+foliar application and took place in the same statistical group with the positive control nematicide. It was determined that the nematicidal effect of chitosan has increased in the case of combined soil and foliar applications. These results support the fact that chitosan applications are successful in the control of root-knot nematode.
Basınçlı Sulama Sistemlerinin COPAM Yazılımı ile Performans Analizi: Burdur Çavdır-Küçükalan Örneği
Authors: ÖZKAYA Can , UÇAR Yusuf
Published: June 2023

Bu çalışmada, Burdur Çavdır Küçükalan basınçlı sulama sisteminin performans analizini yapmak için COPAM (Sınıflandırılmış Karakteristik Eğriler Modeli) bilgisayar yazılımı kullanılmıştır. Bu yazılım yardımıyla debi – su kaynağı kotu, bağıl basınç açısından yetersiz hidrantların tespiti, hidrant güvenilirliği, farklı kaynak yüksekliklerinde hidrantların yeterliliği, mevcut koşullarda boru çaplarının yeninden belirlenmesi, hesaplanan boru çaplarına göre sulama sisteminin eski ve yeni maliyetinin karşılaştırılması gibi analizler yapılmıştır. Çalışma sonunda, sulama sisteminin mevcut koşullarda %90’lık bir verim ile çalışabileceği belirlenmiştir. Çalışmada ayrıca, sistemde bulunan 42 adet hidrantın 2’sinde hem bağıl basınç açısından yetersizlik olduğu hem de güvenilirlik değerlerinin -0- olduğu saptanmıştır. Mevcut koşullarda boru çapları açısından yapılan değerlendirmede ise 26 boru hattında (6 815.50 m) daha küçük çaplı borular kullanılması gerekirken 2 hatta (491.40 m) ise daha büyük çaplı boruların kullanılması gerektiği saptanmıştır. COPAM yazılımıyla hesaplanan boru çaplarının kullanılması durumunda, bağıl basınç eksikliği olan hidrant sayısı 1’e düşmüştür. Yapılan maliyet analizinde ise COPAM yazılımı ile belirlenen boru çaplarının kullanılması durumunda proje maliyetinden 57 262.49 $ tasarruf edilebileceği saptanmıştır. Sonuç olarak, basınçlı sulama sistemlerinin performans analizinde COPAM programının kullanılabileceği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. COPAM veya benzeri programların kullanılması durumunda, projelerin yatırım maliyetlerini düşürerek verimliliklerini yükseltmek mümkün olabilecektir. Bu nedenle COPAM veya benzeri programların basınçlı sulama sistemlerinin değerlendirilmesi amacıyla ilgili kurumlar tarafından kullanılması gerektiği düşünülmektedir.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Journal of Agricultural Science, Vol. 15, No. 7
Authors: Brown Anne
Published: June 2023

Reviewer acknowledgements for Journal of Agricultural Science, Vol. 15, No. 7, 2023.
Impact of Social Media in Student’s Psychology
Authors: Dalne Samiksha , Moundekar Juhi
Published: June 2023

Over the past decade, social media has become an integral part of students' lives, influencing their mood, attitude, and behaviour. With the vast array of social networking sites that include Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, Snapchat, and WhatsApp, students have become connected to the world in a way that was unimaginable few decades ago. While social media enables students to build connections across the globe, it also has potential negative implications on their psychology. This paper examines the impact of social media on students' psychology, including its benefits and drawbacks. the impact of social media on students' psychology is a double-edged sword. While social media provides opportunities for students to connect with a diverse array of people and gain access to information, it can also lead to cyberbullying, false information, unrealistic expectations, and reduced face-to-face interaction. It is thus essential to balance the positive and negative effects of social media, while promoting positivity and using it as a tool for personal growth and development. This requires deliberate effort from students, parents, educators, and policy-makers to ensure social media is used responsibly for the benefit of individuals and society.
Penerapan Algoritma Linear Congruent Method Untuk Aplikasi Pengacakan Soal Doa Harian di SDIT Al-Mansyur Balun Ijuk
Authors: Sujono Sujono , Maxrizal Maxrizal , Alkodri Ari Amir , Probonegoro Wishnu Aribowo
Published: June 2023

Latihan soal dapat membantu meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa sekolah dasar baik matapelajaran tidak wajib maupun matapelajaran wajib seperti menghafal doa-doa harian, dan ini berlaku juga bagi siswa Sekolah Dasar Islam Terpadu Al-Mansyur Balun Ijuk Bangka Belitung. Latihan soal dilaksanakan dengan cara siswa menebak doa apa yang dibacakan oleh guru, atau siswa siswa yang diminta untuk membacakan doa yang disebutkan oleh guru. Dilihat dari kemampuan siswa yang berbeda-beda maka hasil latihannya pun berbeda. Untuk membantu memudahkan menghafal ayat-ayat doa harian bagi siswa yang butuh beberapa kali latihan, maka dibutuhkan aplikasi berbasis web yang dapat diakses dari sekolah maupun dari rumah orangtua siswa. Sehingga latihan soal dapat dilaksanakan sendiri oleh siswa dengan dipandu orangtua. Penelitian ini menganalisis dan merancang aplikasi pembelajaran tebak ayat-ayat doa harian. Untuk perancangan dan analisis sistem digunakan metode prototype dengan dibantu tools UML (Unified Modelling Language). Sedangkan untuk pengumpulan datanya menggunakan metode pengumpulan data yaitu cara wawancara langsung dengan guru sebagai narasumber untuk mendapatkan informasi dan dokumen sebagai bahan analisis. Dan untuk pengacakan ayat-ayat doa harian yang ditampilkan pada aplikasi dengan menerapkan algoritma Linear Congruent Method. Dari penelitian ini menghasilkan sistem yaitu aplikasi tebak ayat doa harian berbasis web.
Pengungkapan Diri (Self Disclosure) melalui Fitur Instagram Story pada Mahasiswa Ilmu Komunikasi Universitas Muhammadiyah
Authors: Pratiwi Indah Pratiwi , Mukhtaruddin Siti Nurkholisa Pradini
Published: June 2023

This study aims to find out how self-disclosure on the Instagram Stories feature is carried out by Communication Science Students at the University of Muhammadiyah Makassar. The research method used is descriptive qualitative research by interviewing three Communication Science students as respondents who have Instagram accounts and using Instagram Stories frequently. As for the results of the study, namely the number or frequency of the number and time of self-disclosure messages is influenced by the size of the topic discussed, the comparison or quality of self-disclosure is supported by the presence and effort motivation, accuracy is based on how individuals frame information about themselves, goals are influenced by self-control and dyadic effects, and intimacy based on the influence of a sense of togetherness, such as the Johari Window classification (open self).
Peningkatan Kedisiplinan Prajurit melalui Pola Komunikasi Kepemimpinan Militer
Authors: Akbar Muhammad , Nahdiana Nahdiana
Published: June 2023

Discipline is basically a must for a TNI soldier. The establishment of soldier discipline has been carried out since the basic soldiering education period, then it is the responsibility of the leader of each soldier to always maintain soldier discipline, including for the planning division leader at the XIV/Hasanuddin Makodam, soldier discipline is the responsibility of an Asren. From the explanation above a number of questions arise, what are the patterns of leadership communication in an effort to improve Soldier discipline and what are the factors that influence Soldier discipline in the planning department of the XIV/Hasanuddin Military Command Headquarters. This study used a qualitative descriptive method which took two months to collect and process data through interviews in order to answer the questions. Based on the results of interviews with key informants and secondary informants regarding leadership communication patterns in an effort to improve soldier discipline and the driving and inhibiting factors of soldier discipline, the researcher can conclude that basically efforts to increase soldier discipline have been carried out by the planning division leader of the XIV/Hasanuddin Kodam by using communication patterns. wheels and Y communication patterns. With these two communication patterns, soldiers feel more confident and comfortable communicating with leaders, because with these patterns, a soldier feels valued. In addition, several factors driving and inhibiting the communication and discipline of soldiers at the XIV/Hasanuddin Makodam include the leader's trust in subordinates, honesty, listening skills, and the use of appropriate language. Meanwhile, several factors inhibiting communication and soldier discipline are differences in status and position, language differences, and cultural differences which make communication unable to run efficiently.
Pengaruh Pemberian Dosis BahanOrganik Kotoran Sapi dan Dosis Pupuk NPK (15:15:15) Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Tomat Ceri (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.)
Authors: Safitri Riana Intan , Budi Setyo , Lailiyah Wiharyanti Nur
Published: June 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui interaksi antara perlakuan dosis bahan organik kotoran sapi dan pupuk NPK. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Lahan Bawean jenis tanah latosol, Kecamatan Tambak, Kabupaten Gresik yang berlangsung dari bulan Mei-September 2022. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) Faktorial yang terdiri dari P0 = Kontrol (tanpa pupuk); P1 =15 ton/ha; P2 = 20 ton/ha; N0 = NPK Phonska 175 kg/ha; N1 = NPK Phonska 275 kg/ha; N2 = NPK Phonska 375 kg/ha. Dari hasil penelitian terdapat interaksi pemberian dosis bahan organik kotoran sapi 20 ton/ha dan pupuk NPK 375 kg/ha terhadap variabel pertumbuhan tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, jumlah cabang dan menunjukkan interaksi sangat nyata pada variabel hasil bobot pertanaman, bobot perpetak, bobot perhektar, jumlah pertanaman, jumlah perpetak, dan jumlah perhektar.
EMPRESAS DE IRRIGAÇÃO: O USO DA ÁGUA NO DESENVOLVIMENTO DA ATIVIDADE AGRÁRIA
Authors: Lima Junior Cesar Romero
Published: June 2023

Este trabalho pretende apresentar os elementos que ligam o uso da água ao desenvolvimento da atividade agrária. Temos por objetivo, dar enfoque à questão da atividade agrária e sua relação com o emprego da água, abordamos também a importância da irrigação e, o papel das empresas públicas e privadas de irrigação na realização da atividade agrária e na vida socioeconômica do país. Para a confecção deste artigo, importante ressaltar, que nos utilizamos da pesquisa bibliográfica. Por fim, acreditamos que os resultados da pesquisa aqui elaborada demonstram a indelével importância da água – sob o método de irrigação – para a realização de uma atividade agrária extremamente produtiva e impactante nos rumos socioeconômicos do país.
NEUROPLASTICIDADE: UMA ANÁLISE DA NEUROCIÊNCIA MODERNA
Authors: Viana Tereza Raquel Xavier
Published: June 2023

Introdução. O entendimento do funcionamento do Sistema Nervoso tem sido obtido por meio de estudos sobre o comportamento, movimentação, aprendizado e memória. A capacidade adaptativa e de readaptação do SN frente aos estímulos é um tema de grande interesse na Neurociência, uma vez que esse sistema está diretamente relacionado com o comportamento, emoções e memória. Objetivo. Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar a neuroplasticidade, um fenômeno fundamental para entender como o SN se adapta e muda em resposta a estímulos do ambiente interno e externo. Método. Através de uma revisão bibliográfica, foram discutidos os principais conceitos e teorias da neuroplasticidade, bem como suas implicações na aprendizagem, memória, reabilitação e envelhecimento. Resultados. A neuroplasticidade é um fenômeno fundamental para entender como o Sistema Nervoso se adapta e muda em resposta a estímulos do ambiente interno e externo, e sua análise pode ter implicações importantes para a prevenção e tratamento de distúrbios neurológicos e psiquiátricos, bem como para a promoção da saúde cognitiva em todas as fases da vida. O estudo das dinâmicas funcionais do sistema nervoso e sua relação com o comportamento humano pode contribuir para uma compreensão mais ampla dos processos cognitivos e emocionais, além de auxiliar no desenvolvimento de novas abordagens terapêuticas e estratégias de reabilitação. Conclusão. É fundamental investigar a complexidade do sistema nervoso e como suas dinâmicas funcionais estão relacionadas com o comportamento humano e as condições patológicas associadas a ele.
ИЗУЧЕНИЕ ЗНАЧЕНИЯ ЛИМФАТИЧЕСКОЙ СИСТЕМЫ КИШЕЧНИКА ПРИ ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНО СОЗДАННОЙ МОДЕЛИ ЯЗВЕННОГО КОЛИТА ДЛЯ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ ЛИМФОТРОПНОЙ ТЕРАПИИ В КОМПЛЕКСЕ ЛЕЧЕНИЯ ПРИ ЭТОЙ ПАТОЛОГИИ
Authors: Эгамов Ю.С. , Рузиев А.Э. , Сулаймонов Х.Ж.
Published: June 2023

Ишнинг мақсади: экспериментда ярали колит моделини яратиш,  унинг фонида ва меъёрий ҳолатда ичак тутқичларида лимфа ҳаракатланиши хусусиятларини ўрганиш орқали операциядан кейинги даврда даволаш  натижасини яхшилашга қаратилган эндомезентериал лимфотроп терапиянинг  афзаллигини аниқлаш.
ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL RATIOS TO ASSESS FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE AT PT. UNILEVER INDONESIA TBK
Authors: Tri Damayanti  , Nur Halimah
Published: June 2023

This study aims to analyze the financial performance of PT. Unilever Indonesia Tbk during the 2012-2021 period seen from the Liquidity Ratio, Solvency Ratio, and Profitability Ratio. The data analysis technique used is financial ratios, namely liquidity ratios, solvency ratios, and profitability ratios. The results of the study show that: Liquidity ratios with measuring instruments using current ratios, very current ratios and cash ratios show "less good" results when compared to the industry average. The solvency ratio with a measurement tool for calculating using the ratio of debt to assets and the ratio of debt to capital which shows "unfavorable" results when compared to the industry average. Profitability ratios with measuring tools calculations using the ratio of return on assets and the ratio of return on equity shows "good" results.
PERBANDINGAN ALGORITMA EFFICIENTNETB0 DAN INCEPTIONV3 DALAM KLASIFIKASI CITRA JENIS ANJING
Authors: Oriza Sativa Fiojati  , Nani Mintarsih  , Yuli Maharetta Arianti
Published: June 2023

Dogs are pets that have hundreds of breeds. The various breeds of dogs can be distinguished by size, fur color, and type of fur. The identification of dog breeds can use images of dogs as one of the object recognition information. Image classification can be made using Deep Learning methods. Image classification is the process of grouping pixels in an image into a number of classes, so that each class can represent an entity with certain characteristics. Additionally, Deep Learning has many algorithms that can be used for image classification, including the InceptionV3 and EfficientNetB0 algorithms. The purpose of this research is to compare the accuracy results of the EfficientNetB0 and InceptionV3 algorithms in classifying dog breed images. The stages in making this program include collecting datasets, data preparation, model design, and interpreting the results. This image classification is made using the Python programming language and Visual Studio Code software. The program has an accuracy result with the best model being InceptionV3, with an accuracy of 97.30% on the training set and 97.07% on the validation set after 20 epochs.
Logos as logika: Die epistemologie van die Calvinistiese filosoof Gordon Clark (1902–1985)
Authors:   Universiteit van Pretoria, Schlebusch J.A.
Published: June 2023

Die filosoof Gordon Clark is hoofsaaklik bekend vir sy epistemologiese konflik met die apologeet Cornelius Van Til. In terme van sy epistemologie, beklemtoon Clark net soos Van Til en ander prominente Calvinistiese filosowe soos Herman Dooyeweerd die belangrikheid van a priori-voorveronderstellings as noodsaaklik vir die verkryging van enige kennis. Binne die Calvinistiese filosofie verteenwoordig hy egter ’n besondere posisie, naamlik ’n uitdruklike Presbiteriaanse filosofie wat epistemologies begrond is in die Westminster Geloofsbelydenis van 1647. Volgens sy epistemologiese raamwerk, wat die kern van sy geskil met Van Til raak, is ware menslike kennis en logika wesenlik en inhoudelik dieselfde as goddelike kennis en logika. Clark definieer logika dan ook as goddelike denke, en meen daarom dat die Christelike geloof as begrond in die goddelike rasionaliteit die enigste antitese van irrasionaliteit self is. Hierdie klem op die epistemologiese normatiwiteit van logika as toets vir waarheid plaas Clark in ’n unieke posisie binne die Christelike filosofie. Clark se hoë waardering vir Aristoteliaanse logika as basies tot alle teoretiese denke onderskei daarom ook sy epistemologie beduidend van byvoorbeeld Herman Dooyeweerd en Cornelius Van Til. Laasgenoemde beskou logika as geskape werklikheid, terwyl dit vir Clark in wese ’n goddelike eienskap is. Sy unieke beklemtoning van kognitiewe voorveronderstellings as basis van geloofsdenke is veral van waarde vir die godsdienswetenskap in die lig van die 21ste-eeuse ontwikkelings in hierdie veld wat gekenmerk word deur ’n toenemende waardering van kognitiewe voorveronderstellings as onderliggend tot godsdienstige oortuigings.
Vonnisbespreking: Deliktuele aanspreeklikheid vir beserings veroorsaak deur ’n gevange wilde beer
Authors:   Universiteit van die Vrystaat, Neethling Johann
Published: June 2023

Delictual liability for injuries caused by a captive wild bear The plaintiff was bitten by a captive wild bear while visiting the bear’s cage. In the trial court she claimed damages from the owners of the bear based on the actio de feris and the actio legis Aquiliae but absolution from the instance was granted. She then applied for permission to appeal against this decision, which was granted, and the full bench of the High Court thereupon dismissed the decision of the trial court. The plaintiff initially relied on the actio de feris to impose strict liability on the owners of the bear for bringing it to a place where members of the public have access (cf. Van der Westhuizen v Burger 2018 2 SA 87 (SCA) par. 3). Two defences may be raised against the action, viz. negligence on the part of, and voluntary assumption of risk by, the plaintiff. The trial court by implication accepted the defences, as the plaintiff did not provide any evidence to the contrary, and dismissed the claim. However, on appeal the court found that the plaintiff had not voluntarily assumed the risk of injury by the bear, but declined to make a final determination regarding the question whether the plaintiff had acted negligently as it merely had to apply the test for absolution from the instance. When the court a quo has to make this final determination and finds that the plaintiff had not been negligent, the actio de feris may perhaps have succeeded if the plaintiff had provided for it in her particulars of claim. The plaintiff did not rely on the actio de feris in the next two cases, so all three cases considered the defendants’ liability on the basis of the actio legis Aquiliae where the issue of their negligence was of primary significance. The trial court held that the defendants had not acted negligently. But the subsequent cases did not agree. According to them the defendants were negligent in allowing members of the public, and the plaintiff in particular, to come and be in close proximity to the bear’s cage in circumstances in which they had failed to take adequate, reasonable and necessary steps to protect her against the bear. The full bench held that the plaintiff had made out a prima facie case to which the defendants had to respond, failing which the plaintiff may succeed in her action, and dismissed the decision of the trial court to grant absolution from the instance. However, this was not necessarily the end of the matter, as it was not this court’s task to make a final determination regarding the question whether the defendants had in fact acted negligently and/or whether the plaintiff herself (also) had acted negligently. This would be the task of the court a quo. The decision of the full bench can be supported.
Optimal control of jump-diffusion processes with random parameters
Authors: Lefebvre Mario
Published: June 2023

Let $X(t)$ be a controlled jump-diffusion process starting at $x \in [a,b]$ and whose infinitesimal parameters vary according to a con\-tinuous-time Markov chain. The aim is to minimize the expected value of a cost function with quadratic control costs until $X(t)$ leaves the interval $(a,b)$, and a termination cost that depends on the final value of $X(t)$. Exact and explicit solutions are obtained for important processes.
Nutrition Response Testing® in the Dissolution of Persistent Cystoliths and Choleliths in a Miniature Schnauzer
Authors: Starr Rachel
Published: June 2023

A 10-year-old, 5 kg, spayed female Miniature Schnauzer presented with a history of long-term urolithiasis that had recurred and persisted despite conventional medical management. After 2 cystotomies, the owner did not want to pursue another surgery when the dog was diagnosed with cystoliths complicated by hyperlipidemia and choleliths. The owner sought alternative treatment, and the dog was referred for Nutrition Response Testing® (NRT). The base diet was changed to a minimally processed, whole-food, homemade diet. A nutritional supplement program was designed using NRT. Dissolution of both the uroliths and the choleliths occurred within 3 months, and the dog’s overall quality of life (QOL) improved significantly.
PENERAPAN PROJECT BASED LEARNING BERBASIS KEARIFAN LOKAL TRI HITA KARANA MENINGKATKAN SIKAP GOTONG ROYONG
Authors: Monika Ketut Ayu Lola , Suastika I Nengah , Sanjaya Dewa Bagus
Published: June 2023

Elementary school students lack the ability to apply learned models that foster mutual cooperation and instill local wisdom, making them less able to work together and collaborate with friends. As a result, Tri Hita Karana-Based Learning Project classroom action research was carried out with the intention of improving students' attitudes toward democracy. This action research in the classroom was conducted in fourth grade. This classroom action research employs descriptive qualitative analysis to examine learning activity processes as data. The mutual cooperation attitude score is analyzed using quantitative descriptive analysis. Instrument for collecting data with a democratic attitude survey. The results of class action research show that in the first cycle, the average attitude of mutual cooperation was 68.7, with a median of 70 and a mode of 70. In the second cycle, the average attitude of mutual cooperation increased to 86, with a median of 85 and a mode of 85. As a result, the application of the Tri Hita Karana-based Project Based Learning model may have resulted in an increase in elementary school students' attitudes toward mutual cooperation.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN FLASHCARD BERBASIS PBL (PROBLEM BASED LEARNING) PADA PEMBELAJARAN PENDIDIKAN PANCASILA
Authors: Sutrami Kiki Fitri , Amrullah Muhlasin
Published: June 2023

Pelaksanaan penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh kendala model media pembelajaran yang kurang imajinatif dan menyenangkan sehingga membuat siswa merasa kurang terlibat dan bosan, terutama dalam menerapkan karakter religius. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menciptakan lingkungan  belajar dengan bantuan media Flash Card tentang nilai-nilai inti karakter religius berdasarkan masalah spiritual dalam kurikulum merdeka kelas satu sekolah dasar pada Pembelajaran Pendidikan Pancasila, yang telah divalidasi. Penelitian ini termasuk dalam kategori penelitian pengembangan atau Research and Development. Penelitian tersebut menggunakan model Borg and Gall (1979) yang terdiri dari 10 proses pengembangan. Namun peneliti hanya melakukan pengembangan sampai pada langkah tujuh saja, hal ini dikarenakan pada sampai langkah ke tujuh sudah dapat menjawab rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini dan peneliti hanya bisa menghasilkan media dalam skala kecil dalam keterbatasan waktu. Wawancara merupakan instrumen pengumpul data yang digunakan pada tahap eksplorasi, sedangkan skala Likert dan lembar penilaian media pembelajaran digunakan pada tahap penilaian kelayakan produk untuk menguji validitas media flashcard. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa media belajar Flash Cards berada pada posisi yang sangat layak digunakan dengan perolehan rata-rata hasil validasi  oleh 2 validator sebesar 77,5% dan hasil penilaian oleh guru kelas sebesar 80,6%.
Karakteristik Ekstrak Kulit Petai (Parkia speciosa Hassk) dengan Pelarut Ethanol 70% dan etil Asetat
Authors: Wijayanti Agustin
Published: June 2023

Kulit petai (Parkia speciosa) diketahui memiliki kandungan senyawa yang berkhasiat bagi kesehatan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui karakteristik simplisia maupun ekstrak etanol dan etil asetat kulit petai dengan metode maserasi. Tahap penelitian dimulai dengan pengeringan diawali dengan proses sortasi, kemudian dicuci dan dikeringkan dengan metode kering angin hingga kadar air mencapai ≤10%. Setelah pengeringan simplisia kering diperkecil ukuran dengan cara diblander. Setelah proses pemblenderan sampai menjadi serbuk, lalu diayak menggunakan pengayak ukuran 20/40. Serbuk simplisia dilakukan maserasi dengan etanol 70 % dan etil asetat sebanyak 7,5 kali bobot simplisia selama 5 hari disertai dengan pengadukan. Diserkai hingga diperoleh filtrat I dan pada ampas dilanjutkan dengan remaserasi dengan etanol 70 % dan etil asetat sebanyak 2,5 kali bobot simplisia selama 2 hari. Diserkai hingga diperoleh filtrat II. Kemudian filtrat I dan II digabung lalu diupkan untuk menghasilkan ekstrak kental, lalu dilakukan uji fitokimia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrasi kulit petai menggnakan metode maserasi memiliki perbedaan secara signifikan pada rendemen ekstrak kulit petai pada dua variasi pelarut. Rendemen ekstrak kulit petai dengan pelarut etanol 70% adalah 25,88 %. Dan pada ekstak dengan pelarut etil asetat adalah 4,71%.
Health Protocol Implementation on Medical Record Document Management At Primary Health Centre
Authors: Rohman Hendra
Published: June 2023

Health protocols are rules and regulations need followed by related parties in order to carry out activities safely during COVID-19 pandemic. Health Protocol is established so people can continue to carry out their activities safely and do not endanger safety or health of others. This study aims to identify health protocol flow implementation on medical record document management at Sewon I and II Health Centers, Bantul Yogyakarta. Qualitative descriptive research method. Interviews were conducted with filling officers. Result, health protocol implementation flow at Sewon I and II Health Centers has been implemented and carried out by all relevant parties. Officers use personal protective equipment, namely masks, gowns, handscoons, face shields, and headscaps. Medical record document management by drying and spraying after service. Conclusion, health protocol flow needs to implemented by all officers. Medical record document management during covid-19 pandemic needs adjustments to circulars from professional organizations. SOPs related to health protocols have been listed in policy for medical records organizing.
ESTRATÉGIAS DE INVESTIMENTOS: RISCOS E OPORTUNIDADES PARA PESSOA FÍSICA
Authors: Antonio Raitz Maier Jerry , Silva Ferreira Hugo
Published: June 2023

Muitas mudanças são observadas na economia global como consequência da atual crise sanitária, causando grandes transformações no mundo dos negócios, em especial no mercado financeiro e nas atividades que envolvem a gestão de investimentos para pessoa física. Diante das incertezas do atual cenário econômico, o estudo sobre os diferentes investimentos é assunto recorrente entre os diversos segmentos do mercado e comunidade científica, reforçando a importância do tema para os especialistas e investidores. O estudo dos diferentes tipos de aplicações contribui para a tomada de decisão, seguindo os princípios da educação financeira para o desenvolvimento de um mindset de investimentos, obtendo os melhores resultados dos recursos investidos. Propõe a análise das principais teorias que conceituam a gestão de investimentos, suas opções disponíveis, o perfil desejado para cada investidor, a formação de patrimônio de cada indivíduo e a colaboração do coaching financeiro para a melhoria da performance nas finanças pessoais. A revisão bibliográfica contribuiu para o estudo dos diferentes fatores que auxiliam na construção de um ambiente favorável às melhores escolhas através de novos modelos mentais, promovendo mudanças transformadoras e desenvolvendo uma nova cultura para investimentos no Brasil.
Filipino Students’ Reading Abilities: A Note on the Challenges and Potential Areas for Improvement
Authors: Idulog Mark Vergel , Gadiano Ronald , Toledo Edmon , Hermosada Melanie , Casaldon Hazel , Mariposa Marianne , Geron Christie , Dequito Elena , Genanda Jeromea , Malipot Mark Anthony , Pentang Jupeth , Bautista Ronalyn
Published: June 2023

The reading abilities of Filipino students have been a challenge for educators and policymakers alike. Despite government efforts to improve literacy rates in the Philippines, recent studies have shown that many students need help with reading comprehension, vocabulary development, and critical thinking skills. This research note examines the current state of reading abilities among Filipino students and potential areas for improvement. The poor reading abilities can be attributed to several factors, including a lack of resources and socioeconomic factors. However, there are identified potential areas for improvement, such as promoting early literacy programs, investing in teacher training, and developing reading materials that are culturally relevant and engaging for Filipino students. These findings have important implications for education policies and practices in the Philippines and for educators and researchers seeking to improve reading abilities among Filipino students.
Effect of Learning Interest on Students' Concept Understanding Ability Against Subject Pressure
Authors: Pramita Cici , Tasa Ratna Putri
Published: June 2023

This article discusses the effect of interest in learning on students' ability to understand physics concepts at SMA N 06 Sarolangun on the subject of pressure. This study uses a quantitative approach with correlational methods. The population of this study were students in classes XI IPA 1, XI IPA 2, and XI IPA 3. The sampling was carried out using a purposive sampling technique, namely class XI IPA 1. The data collection technique in this study was by using tests and non-tests. The test used is in the form of post-test questions with a total of 5 multiple-choice questions to measure students' understanding of concepts, especially on the subject of pressure. Meanwhile, non-test data collection is in the form of a questionnaire to measure how interested students are in learning. The questionnaire used totalled 10 question items. To find out if students were interested, students had to answer 9 out of 10 questions in a positive direction, with the answer choices being interested up or interested and very interested. And for understanding the concept, If students can answer four questions, then they are started to understand. But conversely, if they answer the 3 questions below, then they are stated not to understand the understanding of the concept of physics regarding pressure material. In accordance with the results of the study using data that had been processed using proven quantitative methods and it was found that the learning interest of class XI IPA students was very low and affected how students' conceptual understanding of physics, especially the subject of pressure
Analysis of The Use of Discussion And Question And Answer Methods As an Effort to Improve Student Physics Learning Outcomes
Authors: Sapitri Delia , Siti Indriyati
Published: June 2023

This study aims to find out how the views of teachers and students regarding the use of discussion and question-and-answer methods in learning physics as an effort to improve student learning outcomes, especially in the wave material on class XI MIA students at Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 2 Muaro Jambi for the 2022/2023 academic year. The population in this study were students of class XI MIA with a total of 22 students, with 11 male students and 11 female students. Sampling in research This method uses total sampling, where the entire population is used as a sample. Data was collected through observation through a questionnaire containing items, questions, and teacher interviews. Research results show that the views of teachers and students on how to use the discussion and question method answer in physics subjects are categorized quite well. The average students say that this method is suitable for use in physics lessons but still hesitates to say that using this method of discussion and question and answer can help them better understand the material. Still, the students also do not think negatively about the method. This, too, was put forward by the physics subject teacher at the school; he said that the use of discussion and question-and-answer methods is quite good and effective.
Role of Parents In Learning Spirit Early Childhood
Authors: Ananta Violin , Krisda  , Sumiah  , Kurniawa Wahyu
Published: June 2023

The research entitled "The Role of Parents in Early Childhood Learning Enthusiasm" aims to discover how important parents' role is in seeing their children and educating their children to be passionate about learning. This type of research is qualitative research. The subjects of this study were parents and students of AWWABIEN Kindergarten in Jambi City for the 2022/2023 academic year, totalling 34 students, 18 boys and 16 girls. The data collection technique used was interviews with teachers, students and parents. The data analysis technique used is to analyze the instruments that have been given. The results of this study are parents who have the most role in the enthusiasm for learning of their students. The closest example for their children is their parents; they imitate what they see. Therefore parents must always show a positive attitude in front of their children. Thus learning also requires guidance from parents so that mature attitudes and learning responsibilities grow in children. Parents who are more concerned with their work means that children do not get supervision/guidance from parents, but have an impact on children, so they experience learning difficulties.
KARAKTER KUALITAS AIR PADA KULTUR IKAN MENGGUNAKAN UNDERGRAVEL AIRLIFT PUMP
Authors: Halil Halil , Nur Kurniawan Muhammad
Published: June 2023

Undergravel filter dengan penggerak airlift pump adalah sistem filter menggunakan udara sebagai mendorong air. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis perubahan pola selama pemeliharaan dari parameter kualitas air meliputi suhu, pH, DO, dan TDS. Parameter ikan meliputi panjang dan berat ikan. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah pendekatan eksperimental dengan 3 perlakuan. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis grafis dan analisis varians (ANOVA). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pH, panjang dan berat ikan mengalami kenaikan. Parameter suhu mengalami penurunan. Parameter DO dan TDS cenderung datar. Tidak terdapat perbedaan pada parameter suhu dan pH. Terdapat perbedaan pada parameter, DO, TDS, Panjang dan berat ikan.
EFEKTIVITAS FORTIFIKASI EKSTRAK DAUN KELOR (Moringa oleifera) TERHADAP PENINGKATAN NUTRISI DAN KELAYAKAN USAHA PRODUK TEMPE DI KABUPATEN BANYUWANGI
Authors: Sandryas Alief Kurniasanti , Aji Ardito Atmaka
Published: June 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ekeftivitas forttifikasi ekstrak daun kelor terhadap peningkatan nutrisi dan kelayakan usaha produk tempe. Metode penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) 4 perlakuan yaitu T1 (tanpa perlakuan/kontrol), T2 (Penambahan ektrak daun kelor 2%), T3 (Penambahan ekstrak daun kelor 5%), T4 (Penambahan ekstrak daun kelor 10%) dengan parameter yang dilihat adalah kadar protein, lemak, abu, dan air, serta menganalisis aspek finansial pada usaha tempe yang direkomendasikan meliputi R/C Ratio, B/C Ratio, BEP, dan Payback Period. Hasil penelitian menunjukan semakin banyak penambahan ekstrak daun kelor akan berpengaruh dengan penurunan kandungan kadar protein, kadar abu dan peningkatan kadar lemak dan kadar air pada tempe. Sedangkan aspek finansial pada usaha tempe yang telah direkomendasikan menyatakan layak untuk diusahakan, jika melihat dari B/C Ratio dengan hasil 1,17, Nilai R/C Ratio dengan hasil 2,17, BEP Unit dan Rupiah sebesar 5538 Unit dan Rp 692 dengan nilai Payback Period 0,04.
Kata Kunci: Uji Kandungan Gizi, Kelayakan Usaha, Tempe, Kelor
The Association of Leptin Gene Polymorphisms with Crohn's Disease in a Chinese Pediatric Population
Authors: Sun Anna , Li Wei , Shi Jianrong , Wang Hao , Shu Xiaoli , Shang Shiqiang
Published: June 2023

Background: Leptin is thought to play an important role in Crohn's disease (CD) pathogenesis and progression. Independent studies have revealed a strong upregulation of leptin expression in the mesenteric fat of CD patients. Objectives: This study assessed the relationship between leptin gene polymorphisms and CD susceptibility in a Chinese pediatric population. Methods: A total of 86 patients with CD and 142 healthy controls were recruited for this case-control study. The genotypes of 4 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs; rs2071045, rs41457646, rs11761556, and rs2167270) in the leptin gene were determined by multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) combined with next-generation sequencing. Results: We found that leptin rs2167270 had a significantly different distribution of alleles and genotypes between CD patients and healthy controls (G is a risk allele: 83.7% of cases vs 72.5% of controls; odds ratio [OR] 1.947; 95% CI, 1.203-3.151; P = 0.006; GG is a risk genotype: 72.1% of cases vs 53.5% of controls; P = 0.021). Patients with the CC genotype (rs2071045) had a significantly increased risk of early onset of CD (58.3% in A1a vs 31.1% in A1b; P = 0.003). Similarly, patients carrying the G allele (100% in A1a vs 84.1% in A1b; P = 0.015) and GG genotype (100% in A1a vs 71.0% in A1b; P = 0.048) of rs41457646, A allele (93.3% in A1a vs 71.8% in A1b; P = 0.013) and AA genotype (93.3% in A1a vs 47.9% in A1b; P = 0.003) in rs11761556 had a higher risk of early onset of CD. However, there was no significant difference in any of these 4 SNPs between patients with and without perianal lesions, as well as in low and normal body mass index (BMI) patients. Conclusions: The leptin rs2167270 polymorphism is associated with the susceptibility to CD in a Chinese pediatric population. Leptin rs2071045, rs41457646, and rs11761556 might lead to the early onset of pediatric CD.