bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enhancing innovation in universities amidst the COVID-19 pandemic: the role of organisational resilience capacity
Authors: Mukyala Veronica , Namono Rehema
Published: July 2023

Purpose

Resilience has been emphasised by researchers as a probable framework for overcoming challenging circumstances and fostering organisational innovation. Universities have had to shift to a blended learning system which includes online learning. Prior scholars have studied resilience as a reactive aspect which focuses on organisation's ability to bounce back from a downfall. This study aims to establish the antecedent role of resilience capacity which is a proactive ability to preparedly respond to a downfall.

Design/methodology/approach

The research adopts an explanatory study design to establish the hypothesised antecedent role of organisational resilience capacity in enhancing organisational innovation. Drawing a sample from Ugandan Universities, hierarchical regression was used to test the role of organisational resilience capacity on organisational innovation. The study also tested the influence of organisational characteristics of ownership, age and size on innovation.

Findings

The study findings show that the three dimensions of organisational resilience capacity (cognitive capacity, behavioural preparedness and contextual capacity) significantly enhance organisational innovation. The findings further reveal that ownership has a significant effect on innovation. The results show that organisational size and age do not influence innovation.

Practical implications

The study's conclusions help contemporary managers decide how to set up numerous strategic initiatives to activate organisational resilience towards innovation. To deal with disruption, organisations should use dependable innovation systems and best practices in a robust and adaptable way. Organisational managers ought to integrate the doctrines of resilience into various organisational activities such as training and development and simulation activities, so that organisational managers learn resilience skills to deal with environmental changes.

Originality/value

This research shows how the three dimensions of organisational resilience capacity (cognitive capacity, behavioural preparedness and contextual capacity) influence innovativeness since most studies have been directed to the aspect of resilience (which only focuses on ability to recover from a downfall) as opposed to resilience capacity that relates to the ability of an organisation to successfully absorb disruptive events that may endanger organisation survival, develop situation-specific remedies and eventually evolve in transformative activities. The study further intensively extends the body of knowledge by delving deeper into establishing the influence of the individual dimensions of resilience capacity on innovation.
Service-dominant logic: reframing category captainship and retailer category management
Authors: Benson Michael Christopher , Glanfield Keith , Hirst Craig , Wakenshaw Susan
Published: July 2023

Purpose

The category captain system (CC) of retailer category management (RCM) is established, accepted, and widely adopted. The paper empirically assesses the application of this system in building collaborations between retailers and their suppliers to generate growth following COVID-19. This study applies service-dominant logic (S-D logic) to RCM and establishes the current ‘practical’ application of the five axioms of S-D logic within the CC system.

Design/methodology/approach

The researchers adopted a qualitative research design which examined both category managers and retail buyers currently involved in the CC system, using thematic analysis of transcripts from 25 practitioner participants.

Findings

The study reveals service is not a fundamental basis of exchange in the CC system. Value is uniquely, independently, and separately created by the retailer that significantly restricts the scope of the category service eco systems and the opportunity to innovate through value co-creation.

Practical implications

Significant change is required to realise value co-creation and innovation applying S-D logic to RCM. The study indicates there is potential to start this change by the formalisation of wider informal category relationships between non-captain suppliers and retailers through consumer insight technology, and by aligning suppliers and retailers to make more effective and sustainable trading decisions.

Originality/value

The study indicates that certain elements of the CC system proposed by the literature's games-based theoretic models, are not applied in practice. The lived experiences of practitioners suggest informal ways of by-passing the formal system using S-D logic.
Carving a place for UK business improvement districts through COVID: exploring industry responses and practices during the pandemic
Authors: Raben Natalie , Ntounis Nikos
Published: July 2023

Purpose

This study aims to explore UK Business Improvement Districts' (BIDs) responses and practices to the COVID crisis and evaluates how these influenced their organisational identity. The paper aims to highlight the possible shift in BIDs' operations that can lead to their positioning as integral facilitators of place management initiatives in their local areas.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors stress the confused nature of BID identity and highlight how BID activities and business plans correspond to subsequent crises through the lens of crisis management and disaster management frameworks. A mixed-methods, exploratory, sequential approach was taken, incorporating interviews and survey responses from UK BID managers in two distinct phases between October and December 2020.

Findings

The findings of the study suggest a greater emphasis on communication strategies and the formation of partnerships during the lockdown periods, along with a renewed understanding of a BID's role towards place leadership, resilience and public safety.

Practical implications

The practical implications of this work show a shift in BID business practices, programmes and services and highlight the need to establish a set of industry standards and best practices with enhanced place leadership responsibilities.

Originality/value

The research provides a detailed snapshot of the UK BID industry during the COVID crisis and shows the possibility for BIDs to reframe their identity as locally bound, place-based organisations that have a more direct role in place management.
An interdisciplinary study of racial violence through place in grades 3–12
Authors: Buchanan Lisa , Ward Cara , Roseboro Donyell , Ousley Denise
Published: July 2023

Purpose

This article outlines theoretical and pedagogical approaches to investigating racial violence with learners in grades 3–12 and K-12 teacher candidates. Throughout, the authors use the 1898 Wilmington Race Massacre as a central example of racial violence. Using a blended framework of Muhammad’s historically responsive literacy, King’s Black historical consciousness and place-based learning, the authors describe two different inquiries that build content knowledge around the Wilmington Race Massacre and context knowledge around place as it relates to Black agency, resistance and perseverance.

Design/methodology/approach

The first inquiry, aimed at 3–12 learners, explores the Black historical consciousness themes of Black agency and resistance. It uses the inquiry design model (IDM) template but expands the template to include a historically responsive literacy lens. The second inquiry describes how to incorporate historical sites into the study of racial violence. This inquiry explains how local cemeteries can be used as interdisciplinary classrooms and also artifacts.

Findings

Throughout, the authors also reflect on how this work has changed and improved over time as well as thoughts moving forward with examining the 1898 Wilmington Race Massacre through an interdisciplinary lens.

Originality/value

This article is the first to explore the 1898 Massacre in Wilmington, North Carolina from an interdisciplinary practice and cross-grades lens. It offers multiple step by step approaches for classroom teachers and teacher educators to enact interdisciplinary work with both 1898 and other acts of racial violence in their own places and across the United States.
Ecosystem stability is determined by plant defence functional traits and population stability under mowing in a semi‐arid temperate steppe
Authors: Zhang Lulu , Bai Wenming , Zhang Yunhai , Lambers Hans , Zhang Wen‐Hao
Published: July 2023

As a common grassland management practice in many high‐latitude regions worldwide, mowing has great impacts on grassland functioning and stability. Species richness, species asynchrony and species stability have been suggested as central in responses to environmental change. Mowing can evoke plant defence system due to physical damages to plants. However, no studies have comprehensively evaluated the role of plant defence functional traits, species richness, species asynchrony and stability in ecosystem functioning under mowing regimes across timescales.

In this study, we set up short‐term (4 years) and long‐term (16 years) mowing experiments with three stubble heights (control, 10 cm, 2 cm) in a temperate steppe of Inner Mongolia. We investigated the effects of mowing‐induced changes in distribution metrics associated with plant defence traits, that is mean, variance, skewness and kurtosis of trait distribution, on ecosystem stability of grassland communities using structural equation modelling.

We found that grassland ecosystem stability was enhanced by increasing mowing duration and decreasing stubble height. Mowing‐induced increase in abundance and diversity of plant defence traits contributed to greater ecosystem stability by enhancing species asynchrony and population stability. Moreover, we found that mowing enhanced the abundance and diversity of plant defence traits of dominant species and contributed to population stability and species asynchrony, thus enhancing temporal stability of grassland ecosystems.

These results demonstrate the important roles of plant defence traits in maintaining stability of grasslands under mowing, and highlight that, in addition to species richness, asynchrony and population stability, plant functional defence trait acts in stabilizing ecosystem functions under human‐induced environmental changes.

Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.
Estimating mosquito abundance and population suppression in an incompatible insect technique study
Authors: Griffin Lachlan , Pagendam Daniel , Drovandi Christopher , Trewin Brendan , Beebe Nigel W.
Published: July 2023

Aedes aegypti (L.) is an invasive mosquito responsible for vectoring diseases such as dengue, Zika and Chikungunya. Dengue affects a large proportion of the global population, with the World Health Organization estimating that half the global population is at risk, with 390 million infections occurring each year. Control of mosquito vector populations over large geographical scales can be improved and made economically viable by computer models with potential to aid decision support.

We introduce a method for estimating mosquito abundance (population size) over time in biocontrol programmes that involve the release of sterilised insects. We employ Bayesian state‐space modelling to provide insight into population trajectories using data from an application of incompatible insect technique (IIT) biological control, in Far North Queensland, Australia. The general approach could be adapted to other insect species.

We demonstrate how the modelling approach can estimate trajectories of abundance over time as an unmarked–release–recapture analysis. Additionally, it provides a means for quantifying population suppression in IIT programmes (a statistic that can be challenging to estimate in practice) using counterfactuals.

Modelling results show that estimated population trajectories exhibit similar temporal patterns to raw trapping rate data collected in the field, for example, the presence of peaks (and troughs) associated with the timing of rainfall events. Additional confidence in our model was demonstrated through a cross‐validation study where we left out each of the six landscapes from our dataset, fit the model using the remaining five regions and assessed its predictive skill. Modelled counterfactuals allowed us to estimate that population suppression in treated landscapes was 95%–99%.

Synthesis and applications. Our model can provide valuable insights that can shape decision support systems in sterile insect technique and incompatible insect technique programmes operating over large geographical scales. The model helps determine how many sterile/incompatible insects should be released over time and how population control is progressing (via use of counterfactual scenarios). These outcomes are achieved because the model provides estimates of wild‐type populations over time, even when there has been no differentiation between sterile/incompatible and wild‐type insects caught in traps.
Physics, Psychical Research, and the Self: Evelyn De Morgan's Spiritualist Portraits
Authors: Merkling Emma
Published: July 2023

This essay examines spiritualist artist Evelyn De Morgan's representation of the self in several paintings c. 1900, including never before discussed portraits. Starting with the portraits' unusual treatment of the face as deflecting psychological legibility, it argues that the ‘self’ that they figure aligns with that described in contemporary scientific writings, notably by experimental psychologist and psychical researcher Frederic W. H. Myers and physicist Oliver Lodge. Writing from perspectives sympathetic to spiritualism, Myers and Lodge described the self as immortal, composite and mutable, invisible yet physical, exceeding the confines of the material body, and related somehow to ether. This essay draws on the entangled fin‐de‐siècle histories of science and spiritualism (and activates some of Gilles Deleuze's later theories) to argue that De Morgan summoned this self into a form at least contingently visible by exploiting the representational potential of the mutable, imponderable ether and its widely assumed properties: energic, (hyper‐)spatial, temporal, and spiritual.
Forensic social anthropology: an Australian perspective
Authors: Rose James W.W.
Published: July 2023

If forensic physical anthropology is the science of biological processes and related medico‐legal investigations, then forensic social anthropology is the science of cultural processes and relatedsocio‐legal investigations. This article lays out the terms, definitions, and application of forensic specialization in social anthropology as it is practised in Australia. The objective of this exercise is to equip both physical and social anthropologists with a consilient model for the joint engagement of their parent discipline in legal proceedings where cultural processes are deemed relevant by a court or other legally empowered body. As demonstrated in Australia, the potential applications of forensic social anthropology range across a variety of matters involving both civil and criminal investigation. Such matters include systematic land expropriation, child removal, forced population movement, modern‐day slavery, unlawful detention, and other important social phenomena. The questionable legality of these kinds of phenomena is not isolated to Australia but is, rather, of international significance.
The Office of Water Prediction's Analysis of Record for Calibration, version 1.1: Dataset description and precipitation evaluation
Authors: Fall Greg , Kitzmiller David , Pavlovic Sandra , Zhang Ziya , Patrick Nathan , St. Laurent Michael , Trypaluk Carl , Wu Wanru , Miller Dennis
Published: July 2023

Hydrologic models operated by the National Weather Service call for an accurate, consistent, high‐resolution, multi‐decade, continental‐scale record of hydrometeorological fields to serve as forcing data for model calibration. To serve this purpose, the Analysis of Record for Calibration was developed, and version 1.1 of the dataset is described in this study. Geospatial and scientific requirements, methods used in dataset generation, and input data sources are described. Given the prominent role of precipitation in model calibration, accurate and consistent precipitation is a particularly high priority for the analysis. To evaluate the analysis from this perspective, its daily precipitation is compared with surface observing stations over 43 years. The analysis exhibits low bias compared with other similar products. It also displays nonstationary bias behavior after 2015 due to the lack of a climatological constraint, as well as frequent occurrences of heavy‐to‐extreme precipitation that are often difficult to verify. These findings should be taken into account when the product is used for model calibration.
Uncommon presentation of granulomatosis with polyangiitis: Prostate involvement
Authors: Jain Naman , Roy Debaditya , Mysore Satyanarayana , Negigowdru Manjunath M. , Rao Vijay K. R.
Published: July 2023

Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) is an autoimmune granulomatous disease of unknown etiology; frequently associated with anti‐proteinase 3 antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (PR3‐ANCA). Although any organ can be involved, prostatic involvement in GPA is very rare. We present a male patient with GPA, 26 years old, with pulmonary manifestations and prostatic involvement who underwent exhaustive evaluation. The patient's laboratory tests and imaging scans showed evidence of lesions in multiple areas, including the prostate. Histopathological testing confirmed that the lesions were consistent with granulomatosis with polyangiitis. The patient was treated with oral steroids and rituximab and showed significant improvement. He was later maintained on azathioprine without any relapse.
A full‐scale Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2022: Resilience and coping within and beyond Ukraine
Authors: Kimhi Shaul , Kaim Arielle , Bankauskaite Dalia , Baran Maria , Baran Tomasz , Eshel Yohannan , Dumbadze Salome , Gabashvili Manana , Kaniasty Krzysztof , Koubova Alice , Marciano Hadas , Matkeviciene Renata , Teperik Dmitri , Adini Bruria
Published: July 2023

The study examined the resilience and coping of samples from Ukraine and five nearby countries during the war in Ukraine. The research focused on (1) the levels of community and societal resilience of the Ukrainian respondents compared with the populations of five nearby European countries and (2) commonalities and diversities concerning coping indicators (hope, well‐being, perceived threats, distress symptoms, and sense of danger) across the examined countries. A cross‐sectional study was conducted, based on data collection through Internet panel samples, representing the six countries' adult populations. Ukrainian respondents reported the highest levels of community and societal resilience, hope, and distress symptoms and the lowest level of well‐being, compared to the population of the five nearby European countries. Hope was the best predictor of community and societal resilience in all countries. Positive coping variables, most notably hope, but also perceived well‐being are instrumental in building resilience. While building resilience on a societal level is a complex, multifaceted task, various dimensions must be considered when planning actions to support these states. It is essential to monitor the levels of resilience, during and following the resolution of the crisis, both in Ukraine and in the neighboring countries.
Ceftazidime/avibactam‐induced severe neutropenia: A case report
Authors: Wu Weifang , Lai Yangxiao , Lin Yiheng , Li Tong
Published: July 2023

Ceftazidime/avibactam is an important option for the treatment of infections caused by multidrug‐resistant gram‐negative bacteria. Haematological abnormalities are rare adverse events. We describe a case of a 63‐year‐old male who developed severe neutropenia following exposure to ceftazidime/avibactam in the intensive care unit for the treatment of abdominal infections. Six days after ceftazidime/avibactam was prescribed, the patient experienced a sheer drop in absolute neutrophil count, down to a minimum of 0.13 × 109/L. A bone marrow examination showed neutrophilic maturation arrest. After careful screening of all drugs used by the patient and other potential causes of severe neutropenia, ceftazidime/avibactam was suspected to be the most likely culprit and was therefore replaced by cefoperazone/sulbactam, while a dose of colony‐stimulating factor was given. The next day, neutrophils rose to 3.64 × 109/L. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report of severe neutropenia associated with ceftazidime/avibactam. When neutropenia occurs during treatment, the clinician should keep this possibility in mind. Regular monitoring of neutrophil counts for timely recognition, immediate discontinuation of the drug and substitution of antibiotics are key steps in management.
Prevalence of peri‐implantitis after alveolar ridge preservation at periodontitis and nonperiodontitis extraction sites: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Chou Yu‐Hsiang , Chen Yan‐Jun , Pan Cheng‐Pin , Yen Wen‐Hsi , Liu Pei‐Feng , Feng I‐Jung , Lin Ying‐Chu , Hu Kai‐Fang
Published: July 2023

Introduction

Periodontitis is the main indication for dental extraction and often leads to peri‐implantitis (PI). Alveolar ridge preservation (ARP) is an effective means of preserving ridge dimensions after extraction. However, whether PI prevalence is lower after ARP for extraction after periodontitis remains unclear. This study investigated PI after ARP in patients with periodontitis.

Materials and Methods

This study explored the 138 dental implants of 113 patients. The reasons for extraction were categorized as periodontitis or nonperiodontitis. All implants were placed at sites treated using ARP. PI was diagnosed on the basis of radiographic bone loss of ≥3 mm, as determined through comparison of standardized bitewing radiographs obtained immediately after insertion with those obtained after at least 6 months. Chi‐square and two‐sample t testing and generalized estimating equations (GEE) logistic regression model were employed to identify risk factors for PI. Statistical significance was indicated by p < 0.05.

Results

The overall PI prevalence was 24.6% (n = 34). The GEE univariate logistic regression demonstrated that implant sites and implant types were significantly associated with PI (premolar vs. molar: crude odds ratios [OR] = 5.27, 95% confidence intervals [CI] = 2.15–12.87, p = 0.0003; bone level vs. tissue level: crude OR = 5.08, 95% CI = 2.10–12.24; p = 0.003, respectively). After adjustment for confounding factors, the risks of PI were significantly associated with implant sites (premolar vs. molar: adjusted OR [AOR] = 4.62, 95% CI = 1.74–12.24; p = 0.002) and implant types (bone level vs. tissue level: AOR = 6.46, 95% CI = 1.67–25.02; p = 0.007). The reason for dental extraction—that is, periodontitis or nonperiodontitis—was not significantly associated with PI.

Conclusion

ARP reduces the incidence of periodontitis‐related PI at extraction sites. To address the limitations of our study, consistent and prospective randomized controlled trials are warranted.
The limits of “no limits”: Young women's entrepreneurial performance and the gendered conquest of the self
Authors: Amigot‐Leache Patricia , Carretero‐García Carlota , Serrano‐Pascual Amparo
Published: July 2023

Numerous programs have been set up to support women entrepreneurs on the basis that inequality results from incompatibilities between gendered emotional culture and the affective governmentality of the entrepreneurial paradigm. In the context of Spanish entrepreneurial training programs, this article identifies technologies of the self in young women's narratives of successful entrepreneurship. Using a crossed‐narrative approach, as part of three case studies, we conducted 14 interviews with program participants and 6 with program trainers. The analysis shows that, to overcome their supposed deficiencies, the participants understood that female entrepreneurialism required unlimited efforts to self‐modulate their emotional dispositions. The analysis identified three broad cultural narratives that frame entrepreneurialism as an epic quest, a vocation or calling, and a ludic pursuit of pleasure. Each of these provides an interpretative frame within which the limitless efforts demanded of feminized entrepreneurialism were resemanticized into three moral values that characterized the story protagonists (heroism, sacrifice, passion). The article further explores the vulnerability of young women to the depoliticization of entrepreneurialism by analyzing emotional suffering and lack of well‐being, distancing, ambivalences, and microresistances to the hegemonic paradigm.
Deep learning based one step and multi‐steps ahead forecasting blood glucose level
Authors: Benaida Mamoune , Abnane Ibtissam , Idri Ali
Published: July 2023

Enabling diabetic patients to predict their Blood Glucose Levels (BGL) is a crucial aspect of managing their metabolic condition, as it allows them to take appropriate measures to avoid hypo or hyperglycemia. Machine Learning (ML) and Deep Learning (DL) techniques have made this possible, and this paper evaluates and compares the performance of five distinct ML/DL models including: Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), Long Short Term Memory (LSTM), Support Vector Regression (SVR), Gated Reccurent Unit (GRU) and Deep Belief Network (DBN) for forecasting BGL, by applying two different forecasting methods, namely One Step Ahead (OSF) and Multi‐Step Ahead (MSF) comprising five different variants. The performance is evaluated based on four metrics: Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Mean Magnitude Relative Error (MMRE), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) and Predictive Level (PRED). Additionally, the statistical significance of the regressors was evaluated using the Scott‐Knott (SK) test, while the Borda Count (BC) voting system was employed to rank them. The results indicate that the best performance was achieved with OSF using GRU. Furthermore, the effectiveness of an MSF strategy depends on the ML/DL technique used, and the best combinations were DBN with DirRec, DBN with Recursive, SVR with Recursive and SVR with DirRec. Additionally, DirRec was found to be the best strategy, as it consistently ranked first regardless of the ML/DL technique used.
Temperature‐mediated microbial carbon utilization in China's lakes
Authors: Guo Yao , Gu Songsong , Wu Kaixuan , Tanentzap Andrew J. , Yu Junqi , Liu Xiangfen , Li Qianzheng , He Peng , Qiu Dongru , Deng Ye , Wang Pei , Wu Zhenbin , Zhou Qiaohong
Published: July 2023

Microbes play an important role in aquatic carbon cycling but we have a limited understanding of their functional responses to changes in temperature across large geographic areas. Here, we explored how microbial communities utilized different carbon substrates and the underlying ecological mechanisms along a space‐for‐time substitution temperature gradient of future climate change. The gradient included 47 lakes from five major lake regions in China spanning a difference of nearly 15°C in mean annual temperatures (MAT). Our results indicated that lakes from warmer regions generally had lower values of variables related to carbon concentrations and greater carbon utilization than those from colder regions. The greater utilization of carbon substrates under higher temperatures could be attributed to changes in bacterial community composition, with a greater abundance of Cyanobacteria and Actinobacteriota and less Proteobacteria in warmer lake regions. We also found that the core species in microbial networks changed with increasing temperature, from Hydrogenophaga and Rhodobacteraceae, which inhibited the utilization of amino acids and carbohydrates, to the CL500‐29‐marine‐group, which promoted the utilization of all almost carbon substrates. Overall, our findings suggest that temperature can mediate aquatic carbon utilization by changing the interactions between bacteria and individual carbon substrates, and the discovery of core species that affect carbon utilization provides insight into potential carbon sequestration within inland water bodies under future climate warming.
A global assessment of Bergmann's rule in mammals and birds
Authors: He Jiekun , Tu Jiahao , Yu Jiehua , Jiang Haisheng
Published: July 2023

Bergmann's rule states that endotherms have a large body size in high latitudes and cold climates. However, previous empirical studies have reported mixed evidence on the relationships between body size and latitude, raising the question of why some clades of endotherms follow Bergmann's rule, whereas others do not. Here, we synthesized the interspecific relationships between body size and latitude among 16,187 endothermic species (5422 mammals and 10,765 birds) using Bayesian phylogenetic generalized linear mixed models to examine the strength and magnitude of Bergmann's rule. We further assessed the effect of biological and ecological factors (i.e., body mass categories, dietary guild, winter activity, habitat openness, and climate zone) on the variations in the body mass–latitude relationships by adding an interaction term in the models. Our results revealed a generally weak but significant adherence to Bergmann's rule among all endotherms at the global scale. Despite taxonomic variation in the strength of Bergmann's rule, the body mass of species within most animal orders showed an increasing trend toward high latitudes. Generally, large‐bodied, temperate species, non‐hibernating mammals, and migratory and open‐habitat birds tend to conform to Bergmann's rule more than their relatives do. Our results suggest that whether Bergmann's rule applies to a particular taxon is mediated by not only geographic and biological features, but also potential alternate strategies that species might have for thermoregulation. Future studies could explore the potential of integrating comprehensive trait data into phylogenetic comparative analysis to re‐assess the classic ecogeographic rules on a global scale.
Eutrophication decreases ecological resilience by reducing species diversity and altering functional traits of submerged macrophytes
Authors: Cheng Chaoyue , Chen Jun , Su Haojie , Chen Jianfeng , Rao Qingyang , Yang Jun , Chou Qingchuan , Wang Lantian , Deng Xuwei , Xie Ping
Published: July 2023

Positive feedback is key to producing alternative stable states and largely determines ecological resilience in response to external perturbations. Understanding the positive feedback mechanisms in macrophyte‐dominated lakes is crucial for resilience‐based management and restoration. Based on the field investigation of submerged macrophyte communities in 35 lakes in China, we found that morphological complexity (MC) and morphological plasticity (MP) are correlated with the stoichiometric homeostasis of phosphorus (HP) and are related to ecosystem structure, functioning, and stability. We also found that the positive feedback strength of lakes dominated by macrophytes is biomass‐ and diversity‐dependent. Eutrophication can decrease the community biomass by decreasing community MC, MP, and HP and the species diversity through low‐light availability, ultimately decreasing the positive feedback strength and resilience of clear water states. We argue that functional traits and species diversity should be considered to build more resilient ecosystems in future changing environment scenarios.
RETRACTED: Effect of retrieval bags in preventing surgical site wound infection during elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy in liver cancer patients: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Ding Jing
Published: July 2023

A meta‐analysis research was implemented to appraise the effect of retrieval bags (RBs) in preventing surgical site wound infection (SSWI) in elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy (ELC) in liver cancer (LC) patients. Inclusive literature research until April 2023 was done, and 1273 interconnected researches were reviewed. From a total of 11 researches that were chosen, 2559 ELC procedures in LC patients were at the starting point of the researches: 1273 of them were utilising RBs and 1286 were controls. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were utilised to appraise the consequence of RBs in preventing SSWI in ELC in LC patients by the dichotomous approach and a fixed or random model. RBs had significantly lower SSWI (OR, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.38–0.76, p < 0.001) compared with controls in ELC in LC patients. However, no significant difference was found between RBs and controls in ELC in LC patients in bile spillage (OR, 0.51; 95% CI, 0.21–1.24, p = 0.14), fascial extension (OR, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.07–4.11, p = 0.55), postoperative collection (OR, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.24–1.76, p = 0.40) and port site hernia (OR, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.25–2.06, p = 0.54). RBs had significantly lower SSWI, and no significant difference was found in bile spillage, fascial extension, postoperative collection and port site hernia compared with controls in ELC in LC patients. However, caution needs to be taken when interacting with its values because there was a low sample size in some of the chosen researches and a low number of researches were found for some of the comparisons in the meta‐analysis.
No evidence of a hybrid origin of the ashy‐throated parrotbill Sinosuthora alphonsiana
Authors: Päckert Martin
Published: July 2023

This mini‐review is dedicated to a critical re‐appraisal of the putative hybrid origin of the grey‐cheeked populations of the ashy‐throated parrotbill Sinosuthora alphonsiana that was postulated based on the results of a clustering analysis using a set of five nuclear loci. However, the number of genetically admixed individuals is lower than 10% in the proposed hybrid form and largely restricted to a single population in closest vicinity of one proposed parental taxon. Based on total evidence from mitochondrial and nuclear markers the proposed hybrid taxon is indistinguishable from the second postulated parental taxon. Wide‐range allelic introgression in a broad zone of range overlap along with incomplete lineage sorting of nuclear markers is a more plausible alternative explanation for the patterns observed. So far, there is no convincing evidence of a hybrid origin of the grey‐cheeked ashy‐throated parrotbill populations.
A system for reliable composite shade matching: Custom shade tabs and an intra‐oral mockup
Authors: Notarantonio Adamo , Seay Amanda
Published: July 2023

Objective

This article introduced a systematic approach to matching composite and tooth shades to create esthetic restorations that visually integrate seamlessly with the patient's tooth and surrounding dentition. A basic explanation of color science was presented to aid the clinician in adopting this systematic approach to color matching. To demonstrate the need for custom shade guides, an objective analysis of composites from different companies was performed by recording the color coordinate values of multiple composites and then calculating CIEDE2000 color differences. Different locations on the tooth were analyzed using the same identified shade from different companies, as well as using the same composite shade applied in different thicknesses. A case report documented the clinical application of these shade matching techniques.

Clinical Considerations

Shade matching, particularly in the anterior esthetic region, can be challenging, which can result in patient dissatisfaction with the esthetic result. Stock shade tabs are not a reliable indicator of actual composite shades.

Conclusions

The most predictable esthetic results were achieved by using custom shade guides as an entry point, followed by a direct composite color mockup intraorally.

Clinical Significance

To consistently meet the esthetic demands of today's patients, dentists need reliable tools when selecting a composite shade for restorations. Composites with the same shade designation vary in color and shade designation cannot be relied upon for accurate shade selection. The use of custom shade guides and an intra‐oral mockup can enhance the esthetic outcome.
Roles of trained immunity in the pathogenesis of periodontitis
Authors: Li Yingyi , Chen Yue , Cai Guanhui , Ni Qiaoqi , Geng Ying , Wang Ting , Bao Chen , Ruan Xiaolei , Wang Hua , Sun Wen
Published: July 2023

Periodontitis is a chronic, inflammatory, and destructive disease caused by the imbalance of host immune response and dental biofilm, and has strong epidemiological and pathogenesis correlations with systemic diseases. The immune response in periodontitis involves both innate and adaptive immunity, with numerous immune cells and inflammatory pathways participating in a complex network of interactions. In the past decade, the concept of “trained immunity” has emerged, which highlights the memory characteristics of innate immunity, thus opening up a new avenue of research. There is growing interest in exploring the role of trained immunity in chronic inflammatory and metabolic diseases such as atherosclerosis and diabetes mellitus. Evidence suggests that trained immunity may also regulate the onset and progression of periodontitis, serving as a bridge between periodontitis‐related comorbidities. In this review, we summarize concepts related to trained immunity and its development. Furthermore, we present current evidence that endorses the notion of trained immunity in periodontitis and analyze possible roles it may assume regarding periodontitis‐associated inflammatory reactions from a cellular perspective. Finally, we discuss various clinical therapeutic strategies for periodontitis and its associated comorbidities that target trained immunity. We hope that more researchers will pay attention to this emerging concept, thereby providing deeper insights into this novel field.
Transposable elements and gene expression variation in the intraspecific hybrids of Capsella rubella
Authors: Chen Jia‐Fu , Xu Yong‐Chao , Jiang Juan , Niu Xiao‐Min , Hou Xing‐Hui , Zhang Zhi‐Qin , Guo Ya‐Long
Published: July 2023

Transposable elements (TEs) are prevalent components of diverse genomes, and play an important role on the genomic stability and expression regulation of their adjacent genes. It is interesting to know the variation of TE expression and the effects of the presence/absence of TEs on gene expression after hybridization. Here we assessed the expression variation of TEs and the impacts of TEs on expression of nearby genes after hybridization based on comparisons of three pairs of reciprocal F1 hybrids and four parents in Capsella rubella. Of the 480 TE families expressed in all the four parents and six F1 hybrids, 7–23 (1.5%–4.2%) TE families were significantly differentially expressed between in silico and real F1 hybrids, indicating the expression levels of these TE families were affected during hybridization. In particular, there was a Copia TE superfamily and a non‐long terminal repeat (non‐LTR) TE differentially expressed between the reciprocal F1 hybrids of 879 and 86IT1, indicating maternal effects may have impacts on expression of TEs in these F1 hybrids. Besides the impacts on the expression of TE families of the hybridization, genes adjacent to polymorphic TEs tended to show a higher proportion (24.83%) of allele‐specific expression (ASE) in F1 hybrids. Overall, our results highlight the impacts of hybridization on the expression level variation of TEs, and the effects of TEs on ASE after hybridization.
A membrane protein of the rice pathogen Burkholderia glumae required for oxalic acid secretion and quorum sensing
Authors: Iqbal Asif , Nwokocha George , Tiwari Vijay , Barphagha Inderjit K. , Grove Anne , Ham Jong Hyun , Doerrler William T.
Published: July 2023

Bacterial panicle blight is caused by Burkholderia glumae and results in damage to rice crops worldwide. Virulence of B. glumae requires quorum sensing (QS)‐dependent synthesis and export of toxoflavin, responsible for much of the damage to rice. The DedA family is a conserved membrane protein family found in all bacterial species. B. glumae possesses a member of the DedA family, named DbcA, which we previously showed is required for toxoflavin secretion and virulence in a rice model of infection. B. glumae secretes oxalic acid as a “common good” in a QS‐dependent manner to combat toxic alkalinization of the growth medium during the stationary phase. Here, we show that B. glumae ΔdbcA fails to secrete oxalic acid, leading to alkaline toxicity and sensitivity to divalent cations, suggesting a role for DbcA in oxalic acid secretion. B. glumae ΔdbcA accumulated less acyl‐homoserine lactone (AHL) QS signalling molecules as the bacteria entered the stationary phase, probably due to nonenzymatic inactivation of AHL at alkaline pH. Transcription of toxoflavin and oxalic acid operons was down‐regulated in ΔdbcA. Alteration of the proton motive force with sodium bicarbonate also reduced oxalic acid secretion and expression of QS‐dependent genes. Overall, the data show that DbcA is required for oxalic acid secretion in a proton motive force‐dependent manner, which is critical for QS of B. glumae. Moreover, this study supports the idea that sodium bicarbonate may serve as a chemical for treatment of bacterial panicle blight.
Left bundle branch area pacing (LBBAP) Auto Threshold algorithms Evaluation for Conduction System Pacing: The LATECS pilot Trial
Authors: Ghiglieno Chiara , Dell'Era Gabriele , Veroli Alessandro , De Vecchi Federica , Santagostino Matteo , Porcellini Stefano , Patti Giuseppe
Published: July 2023

Background

Automated threshold measurements (ATM) and output adaptation improved safety and follow‐up of cardiac implantable devices (CIED) in the last years. These algorithms were validated for conventional cardiac pacing; however, they were not suitable for permanent His Pacing. Left bundle branch area pacing (LBBAP) is an emerging technique to obtain physiologic cardiac stimulation; we tried to assess if ATM could be applied to this setting.

Methods

Consecutive patients receiving ATM‐capable CIED and LBBAP in our hospital were enrolled in this prospective, observational trial; they were evaluated 3 months after implant, comparing pacing thresholds manually assessed and obtained via ATM. Subsequent remote follow‐up was carried on when available.

Results

Forty‐five patients were enrolled. ATM for LBBAP lead provided consistent results in all the patients and was therefore activated; mean value of manually obtained LBBAP capture threshold was 0.66 ± 0.19 V versus ATM of 0.64 ± 0.19 V. TOST analysis showed equivalence of the two measures (p = .66). At subsequent follow‐up (mean follow up 7.7 ± 3.2 months), ATM was effective in assessing pacing thresholds and no clinical adverse event was observed.

Conclusions

ATM algorithms proved equivalent to manual testing in determining capture threshold and were reliably employed in patients receiving LBBAP CIED.
Management of treatment‐resistant nocturnal enuresis
Authors: Tsuji Shoji , Kaneko Kazunari
Published: July 2023

Nocturnal enuresis is defined as intermittent urinary incontinence during sleep in children 5 years of age and older, occurring at least once a month for at least 3 months. In Japan, pediatricians who do not specialize in nocturnal enuresis have become more proactive in treating the condition since 2016, when the guidelines for treating it were revised for the first time in 12 years. For monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis, the first step is lifestyle guidance, with a focus on the restriction of fluid intake at night; however, if lifestyle guidance does not decrease the frequency of nocturnal enuresis, aggressive treatment should be added. The first choice of aggressive treatment is oral desmopressin, an antidiuretic hormone preparation, or alarm therapy. However, there remain patients whose wet nights do not decrease with oral desmopressin or alarm therapy. In such cases, it is necessary to reconfirm the method of desmopressin administration and check for factors that may decrease the efficacy of desmopressin. If alarm therapy does not increase the number of dry nights, it is possible that the patient is fundamentally unsuitable for alarm therapy. If dry nights do not increase with oral desmopressin or alarm therapy, the next treatment strategy should be considered immediately to keep the patient motivated for treatment.
Prevalence of smoking during pregnancy and associated social inequalities in developed countries over the 1995–2020 period: A systematic review
Authors: Bonello Kim , Figoni Hugo , Blanchard Estelle , Vignier Nicolas , Avenin Guillaume , Melchior Maria , Cadwallader Jean‐Sébastien , Chastang Julie , Ibanez Gladys
Published: July 2023

Background

Smoking during pregnancy (SDP) is an important source of preventable morbidity and mortality for both mother and child.

Objectives

The aim of this study was to describe changes in the prevalence of SDP over the last 25 years in developed countries (Human Development Index >0.8 in 2020) and associated social inequalities.

Data sources

A systematic review was conducted based on a search in PubMed, Embase and PsycInfo databases and government sources. Study selection and data extraction: Published studies between January 1995 and March 2020, for which the primary outcome was to assess the national prevalence of SDP and the secondary outcome was to describe related socio‐economic data were included in the analysis. The selected articles had to be written in English, Spanish, French or Italian.

Synthesis

The articles were selected after successive reading of the titles, abstracts and full‐length text. An independent double reading with intervention of a third reader in case of disagreement allowed including 35 articles from 14 countries in the analysis.

Results

The prevalence of SDP differed across the countries studied despite comparable levels of development. After 2015, the prevalence of SDP ranged between 4.2% in Sweden and 16.6% in France. It was associated with socio‐economic factors. The prevalence of SDP slowly decreased over time, but this overall trend masked inequalities within populations. In Canada, France and the United States, the prevalence decreased more rapidly in women of higher socio‐economic status, and inequalities in maternal smoking were more marked in these countries. In the other countries, inequalities tended to decrease but remained significant.

Conclusions

During pregnancy, that is a period described as a window of opportunity, smoking and social vulnerability factors need to be detected to implement targeted prevention strategies aiming at reducing related social inequalities.
Toward an effective policy mix for domestic waste management in China: Interdepartmental cooperation as an enabler
Authors: Zhang Jingjing , Luo Guifang , Yan Yan
Published: July 2023

The approach of combining diverse policy instruments is increasingly being applied to address complex environmental and sustainability issues. For such an approach of policy mix to be effective, broader contextual and process factors must be taken into account. In this paper, we identify interdepartmental cooperation within the government as a condition for an effective policy mix, especially for China. Taking domestic waste governance as a case study, we collect policy document data from 32 cities across China in the last decade and verify the influential mechanism between the interdepartmental cooperation network and the policy mix through quantitative methods of social network analysis and regression. The empirical results show that the Chinese government has intensified interdepartmental cooperation over the past decade in the area of domestic waste governance, which has facilitated the increased adoption of policy mixes. In addition, a shift in the policy strategy and policy direction of the Chinese government for domestic waste governance can be traced from the changes in the specific departments involved in the cooperation network.