bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Imaginary Structure of the Fourth Industrial Revolution
Authors: Michaud Thomas
Published: August 2019

Science fiction is increasingly involved in innovation processes in technological sectors. The imaginary, through design fiction, stimulates the creativity of decision makers and engineers who work to create a better world through technoscience. Science fiction participates in global innovation by constructing sectoral myths and by proposing a new form of rationality integrating the technical imaginary. Imaginnovation is a neologism, a synthesis of the terms imagination and innovation. This practice, already developed in several companies and organizations, will guide the decision-making process during the next industrial revolution. Science fiction appeared more than 200 years ago, when technical progress profoundly changed society. It later became an integral dimension of collective psychology. Its critical dimension must also be considered as a structuring element of the contemporary technical imagination. Innovation realizes imagination and science fiction allows the productive system to access the unconscious fantasies of individuals and social groups.
Malware and Anomaly Detection Using Machine Learning and Deep Learning Methods
Authors: Narayan Valliammal , Shaju Barani
Published: August 2019

This chapter aims to discuss applications of machine learning in cyber security and explore how machine learning algorithms help to fight cyber-attacks. Cyber-attacks are wide and varied in multiple forms. The key benefit of machine learning algorithms is that it can deep dive and analyze system behavior and identify anomalies which do not correlate with expected behavior. Algorithms can be trained to observe multiple data sets and strategize payload beforehand in detection of malware analysis.
Big Data Analytics With Machine Learning and Deep Learning Methods for Detection of Anomalies in Network Traffic
Authors: Narayan Valliammal , Shanmugapriya D.
Published: August 2019

Information is vital for any organization to communicate through any network. The growth of internet utilization and the web users increased the cyber threats. Cyber-attacks in the network change the traffic flow of each system. Anomaly detection techniques have been developed for different types of cyber-attack or anomaly strategies. Conventional ADS protect information transferred through the network or cyber attackers. The stable prevention of anomalies by machine and deep-learning algorithms are applied for cyber-security. Big data solutions handle voluminous data in a short span of time. Big data management is the organization and manipulation of huge volumes of structured data, semi-structured data and unstructured data, but it does not handle a data imbalance problem during the training process. Big data-based machine and deep-learning algorithms for anomaly detection involve the classification of decision boundary between normal traffic flow and anomaly traffic flow. The performance of anomaly detection is efficiently increased by different algorithms.
A Secure Protocol for High-Dimensional Big Data Providing Data Privacy
Authors: Anitha J.  , Prasad S. P.
Published: August 2019

Due to recent technological development, a huge amount of data generated by social networking, sensor networks, internet, etc., adds more challenges when performing data storage and processing tasks. During PPDP, the collected data may contain sensitive information about the data owner. Directly releasing this for further processing may violate the privacy of the data owner, hence data modification is needed so that it does not disclose any personal information. The existing techniques of data anonymization have a fixed scheme with a small number of dimensions. There are various types of attacks on the privacy of data like linkage attack, homogeneity attack, and background knowledge attack. To provide an effective technique in big data to maintain data privacy and prevent linkage attacks, this paper proposes a privacy preserving protocol, UNION, for a multi-party data provider. Experiments show that this technique provides a better data utility to handle high dimensional data, and scalability with respect to the data size compared with existing anonymization techniques.
Identifiable Challenges as Global Complexities
Authors: Policek Nicoletta
Published: August 2019

Discourses on globalization and violence often fall short on understanding the gender aspects of different forms of violence. This is particularly the case for stateless women and girls, faced with the existing institutionalized systems of social and legal protection which do not account for them, making them almost invisible. Subsequently, this contribution claims that the assessment of vulnerability, and likely responses, are linked to power and identity at the global levels. Furthermore, such responses are shaped by the structure of agency and associated power structures in society. Unequal power structures are likely to lead to unequal patterns of neglect, or perverse responses that protect entrenched interests aligned with existing structures of identity or influence. In this way, the “vulnerability of stateless identity” can itself be a source of heightened anxiety and fear.
Human Factors in Cybersecurity
Authors: Zhang Xichen , Ghorbani Ali A.
Published: August 2019

Over recent years, the extensive development of information technology has dramatically advanced the way that people use the internet. The fast growth of the internet of things and mobile crowdsensing applications raise challenging security and privacy issues for the society. More often than before, malicious attackers exploit human vulnerability as the weakest link to launch cyberattacks and conduct fraudulent online activities. How to profile users' daily behavior becomes an essential component for identifying users' vulnerable/malicious level and predicting the potential cyber threats. In this chapter, the authors discuss human factors and their related issues in cyber security and privacy. Three categories of human behaviors—desktop behavior, mobile behavior, and online behavior—and their corresponding security and privacy issues are demonstrated in detail to estimate the vulnerabilities of internet users. Some future directions related to human-factor based security and privacy issues are proposed at the end of this chapter.
A Conceptual Model for the Organizational Adoption of Information System Security Innovations
Authors: Hameed Mumtaz Abdul , Arachchilage Nalin Asanka Gamagedara
Published: August 2019

Information system (IS) security threats are still a major concern for many organizations. However, most organizations fall short in achieving a successful adoption and implementation of IS security measures. In this chapter, the authors developed a theoretical model for the adoption process of IS security innovations in organizations. The model was derived by combining four theoretical models of innovation adoption, namely diffusion of innovation theory (DOI), the technology acceptance model (TAM), the theory of planned behavior (TPB), and the technology-organisation-environment (TOE) framework. The model depicts IS security innovation adoption in organizations, as two decision proceedings. The adoption process from the initiation stage until the acquisition of innovation is considered as a decision made by organisation while the process of innovation assimilation is assumed as a result of the user acceptance of innovation within the organization.
ICT as the Path Beyond Bureaucracy?
Authors: Pinterič Uroš
Published: August 2019

The article is trying to understand the reasons for the poor implementation of e-state tools as the principle of overcoming the bureaucratic processes. In this manner it follows the question of motivation which is further supplemented by survey results from Slovenia, showing general lack of motivation measured through the ignorance of technology potentials as well as of existing threats. The main argument of the article is, that lack of motivation will block any reform attempts by creating a negative human environment.
The New Electronic Government
Authors: Al-Jenaibi Badreya Nasser
Published: August 2019

Nowadays, initiatives are taken and investments are made in supporting e-government across the world. These initiatives should achieve success to fulfill the outcomes that are desired. Efforts are made in capitalizing the technologies that will help the government to provide services to their citizens. The main objective of the paper is to explore the readiness of federal authority employees and their current skills, adoption, and knowledge about e-government. It is also investigates the new technologies and e-technologies in GCC and UAE. Therefore, it discusses and highlights this objective of using e-government by employees under several headings which include the growth of e-government in UAE and advantages of e-government in the society. This paper will also outline the need of e-government by the employees and citizens and how to make them better trust e-government. The researcher distributed 500 surveys and received 407 from most of the federal authorities in the UAE. The research concluded that the employees agree with benefits of e-government, do care about customers, and, together with high cooperation from the private sector, are prepared for adopting e-government. It was also found that the more challenging the e-government's cost and IT skill, the higher the challenges the organization will face in adopting e-government. At the present, one of the biggest challenges is designing solutions for e-government and evaluating initiatives conducted by the government.
An Evaluation of the Adoption of the Integrated Human Resource Information System in Trinidad and Tobago
Authors: Roach Charlene M. L. , Davis-Cooper Gloria
Published: August 2019

The study explores factors that contributed to policy adoption of an HRIS in Trinidad and Tobago using the TOE TRIAD Model. It is significant as it contributes to the body of knowledge on innovation adoption in e-government and strategic human resource management approaches. The study is based in the Caribbean and provides insights into initiatives that developing countries are implementing within e-government in public organizations. Major findings indicated that there was a complex interaction of technological, organizational and environmental (TOE) factors which interacted. The confluence of factors produced impacts that were variable, dynamic and unpredictable. This approach in the TT public service brought about significant changes in processes and functions within human resource management. Future trends may continue and this study serves to guide policy makers in evaluating and monitoring how adoption policies are framed and future implications that may be learned as a result of this formative HRIS initiative.
Large-Scale Disaster Response Management
Authors: Young-McLear Kimberly , Mazzuchi Thomas A. , Sarkani Shahram
Published: August 2019

This chapter provides readers with an overview of how social media has enhanced large-scale natural disaster response at the Department of Homeland Security and its partners. The authors of this chapter present the history of the Federal Emergency Management Agency and how its successes and failures have shaped how the Department of Homeland Security has managed trends in increased community participation and information technology. Concepts from Systems Engineering frame the discussion around resilience engineering, network analysis, information systems, and human systems integration as they pertain to how social media can be integrated more effectively in large-scale disaster response. Examples of social media in disaster response are presented including a more in-depth case study on the use of social media during the 2012 Hurricane Sandy response. The chapter concludes with a proposed framework of a decision support system which integrates the benefits of social media while mitigating its risks.
Social Media, Civic Engagement, and Local Governments
Authors: Romero Leocadia Díaz
Published: August 2019

Social media, if correctly used, enhance cultural, political, economic and social engagement. They also represent key communications tools for administrators to highlight the principles of openness and transparency. Nowadays Local Governments have as well a social media presence. The following contribution casts light on contemporary forms of democracy, deepening on concepts such as E-Government and E-Democracy. The paper describes as well how the use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) and Social Media can benefit governance, and promote good governance, focusing on some experiences launched at the local and municipal level. Finally, it offers an empirical approach of the use of ICTs by the Office of the Mayor of New York City, Bill de Blasio.
Digital City Projects
Authors: Rezende Denis Alcides
Published: August 2019

Offering full information and efficient public services is a permanent challenge for cities concerned with citizens' quality of life and effective municipal management. The objective of this study is to describe and assess the digital city projects in Chicago (USA) and Curitiba (Brazil), using information and public services offered to citizens by the website. The research methodology consisted of case studies covering the city hall, municipal departments, and other municipal entities. The results show advantages for the citizens who have free communal access to public services on the internet. Chicago offers its citizens 281 public services distributed in 256 subjects or themes and Curitiba 508 public services distributed in 26 subjects or themes. The conclusion reiterated the importance of the implemented projects. In both cities it resulted in benefits for citizens through access to information and public services offered by the internet.
Understanding Technology Acceptance of Government Information Systems From Employees' Perspective
Authors: Dečman Mitja
Published: August 2019

The purpose of this paper is to test the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) in the government-to-government environment and determine the influence of different moderating factors of technology acceptance by government employees. By means of a thorough review of the literature in this area, the paper investigates the application of UTAUT through empirical research on the technology acceptance of the E-recovery system by government employees in different governmental organizations. The empirical data from 384 respondents revealed that performance expectancy and social influence determine employees' behavioral intention. Moreover, gender invariance was detected, but employees' age and experience difference was detected as a moderating factor of the model. The findings of the paper can help those involved in information system development, implementation, and use to take the right actions to achieve maximum adoption of the technology, especially if the use of the technology is mandatory for the users.
Informating Public Governance
Authors: Paulin Alois A.
Published: August 2019

This treatise explores the possibilities and constraints to informate public governance. Informating as used in this context refers to the ability to technically control / steer the core provision of public governance by means of information technology, rather than steering public governance through political policies. Thus informating governance is about technology-enabled direct control of public service provision, in contrast to electronic or digital governance, which is about technology for government agencies. Well-established disciplinary theories from political sciences, sociology, and jurisprudence on public governance are explored to establish a foundation for understanding governance informatability, and a shared semantic context is established, to align the complex concepts of governance provision, and governance informatization. Based on thus established trans-disciplinary foundation, it is argued that a natural evolution of dedicated technological ecosystems can take place.
Reflecting on the Success of Open Data
Authors: Johnson Peter A.
Published: August 2019

Despite the high level of interest in open data, little research has evaluated how municipal government evaluates the success of their open data programs. This research presents results from interviews with eight Canadian municipal governments that point to two approaches to evaluation: internal and external. Internal evaluation looks for use within the data generating government, and for support from management and council. External evaluation tracks use by external entities, including citizens, private sector, or other government agencies. Three findings of this work provide guidance for the development of open data evaluation metrics. First, approaches to tracking can be both passive, via web metrics, and active, via outreach activities to users. Second, value of open data must be broadly defined, and extend beyond economic valuations. Lastly, internal support from management or council and the contributions of many organization employees towards the production of open data are important forms of self-evaluation of open data programs.
Living Labs and Urban Smartness
Authors: Concilio Grazia , Molinari Francesco
Published: August 2019

Urban Living Labs are socio-digital innovation environments in realistic city life conditions based on multi-stakeholder partnerships that effectively involve citizens in the co-creation and co-production of new or reformed public services and infrastructures. This chapter explores the growing phenomenon of Urban Living Labs and analyses the nature of related innovations in the perspective of ‘City Smartness' – a mantra for local governments worldwide which are having to address increasingly complex problems with fast diminishing financial resources. It goes on to briefly overview the urban governance models emerging in such environments and finally focuses on the challenges posed by these models as result of integration between the ‘technology push' Smart City vision and the ‘human pull' Urban Living Lab concept and approach.
Steps towards Interoperability in Healthcare Environment
Authors: Peixoto Hugo , Domingues Andréa , Fernandes Bruno
Published: August 2019

Information should be accessible everywhere and at any time to help with clinical decision and be available for clinical studies through data computationally interpretable. This work is based on a set of studies performed at Centro Hospitalar do Tâmega e Sousa. An Electronic Semantic Health Record was formalized and implemented which was delivered through a platform named Agency for the Integration, Diffusion and Archive, which is supported by intelligent agents. Furthermore, to strengthen the relation between the patient and the hospital, an appointment alert system was developed, which allowed the reduction of non-programmed misses and a decrease of costs. Finally to promote user's confidence on Information Systems, an open-source tool was developed that enables the scheduling of preventive actions. These tools allowed continuous improvement of systems and are currently well accepted inside the healthcare unit, proving in real clinical situation the effectiveness and usability of the model.
Butterworth Filter Application for Structural Health Monitoring
Authors: Abdelgawad Ahmed , Mahmud Md Anam , Yelamarthi Kumar
Published: August 2019

Most of the existing Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) systems are vulnerable to environmental and operational damages. The majority of these systems cannot detect the size and location of the damage. Guided wave techniques are widely used to detect damage in structures due to its sensitivity to different changes in the structure. Finding a mathematical model for such system will help to implement a reliable and efficient low-cost SHM system. In this paper, a mathematical model is proposed to detect the size and location of damages in physical structures using the piezoelectric sensor. The proposed model combines both pitch-catch and pulse-echo techniques and has been verified throughout simulations using ABAQUS/ Explicit finite element software. For empirical verification, data was collected from an experimental set-up using an Aluminum sheets. Since the experimental data contains a lot of noises, a Butterworth filter was used to clean up the signal. The proposed mathematical model along with the Butterworth filter have been validated throughout real test bed.
eHealth Service Modeling for Developing Country
Authors: Sukkird Vatcharapong , Shirahada Kunio
Published: August 2019

Healthcare service is an essential mechanism for the well-being of the elderly from physical, social and mental health. Implications of mobile technology for Electronic healthcare (eHealth) are challenges in technological management and healthcare market for developing countries. eHealth support trends of the aging population in Asia that increase at an average to 30% in 2050.There is a need to identify and develop Emergency Medical Service (EMS) with electronic healthcare for elderly. This research is aimed to develop eHealth service model through mobile technology for developing countries to face with elderly patient demands in aging societies. The authors use systematic reviews to identify component of health situation and EMS from WHO. Then they develop the eHealth service model through mobile technology on basic of value co-creation concept with feasible applications. The findings show that eHealth is a significant service platform influencing effective in Demand increasing quality of service to elderly people. Mobile technologies in eHealth are key factors to increase quality of healthcare service to elderly people.
The Influence of National Factors on Transferring and Adopting Telemedicine Technology
Authors: Latifi Fariba , Alizadeh Somayeh
Published: August 2019

Telemedicine has drawn increasing attention as a beneficial healthcare delivery medium, especially in developing countries that struggle with physician and health professional shortages, through providing health services in remote areas. This paper presents the findings of a survey conducted to investigate the national factors influencing the adoption of telemedicine technology in Iran, as a less developed country. Designing a self-administered questionnaire the data were collected from the Chief Information Officers (CIOs) of Iranian healthcare system. The findings indicate that political factors such as Information and Communication Technology (ICT) policies, national data security policies, national e-health policies, national ICT infrastructures and rational decision-making, along with organizational factors such as organizational readiness and implementation effectiveness, are positively associated with telemedicine capability in Iran. However, no evidence was found to support the direct impact of cultural factors on transferring telemedicine technology in the country.
Mobile Malware
Authors: G. Geogen , E. Poovammal
Published: August 2019

Why should everyone know about mobile malware? With the introduction of Internet of Things (IoT) and Cloud, you can't survive in a disconnected world. Thus from your home appliances to your window curtains, everything is connected to Internet which can be accessed through your hand held mobile device. Unlike Personal Computers, these devices give Hackers a greater attack landscape. Back in 2004, when the first mobile malware was introduced, we never thought that it would get such a big threat space, as we see today. So, we discuss the History of Mobile malwares and its categories with its motives. We also discuss few signs that indicate the presence of a mobile malware. To conclude we categorize the battle against malware into two namely prevention and response, which is forensically analysed using Static/Dynamic Methods/Tools.
An Approach to Designing IoT-Based Business Models
Authors: Vojinović Iva , Barać Dušan , Jezdović Ivan , Labus Milica , Jovanović Filip
Published: August 2019

This chapter will foster the understanding of the structure of business model elements in Internet of things field. Business model provides an efficient way to analyze, understand and manage strategically oriented goals for one or more stakeholders in order to create some value for end-users, but in the Internet of things there is not clear path for its development. An approach that will be used is the generally accepted principle of forming business model, Canvas template, which is a strategic template for understanding the relation between key partners, key activities, customers and clients, key resources, value proposition for customers in the form of products or services, relationships with customers, sales and distribution channels, cost structure, income flow. Presented is an integrated model with main aspects that should be covered when it comes to the Internet of things business model development, combining Canvas template, inside organizational structure and ecosystem restrictions.
Microsense
Authors: K.G. Srinivasa , Hegde Ganesh , Mishra Kushagra , Siddiqui Mohammad Nabeel , Kumar Abhishek , Kumar D. Pradeep
Published: August 2019

With the advancement of portable devices and sensors, there has been a need to build a universal framework, which can serve as a nodal point to aggregate data from different kinds of devices and sensors. We propose a unified framework that will provide a robust set of guidelines for sensors with varied degree of complexities connected to common set of System-on-Chip (SoC). These will help to monitor, control and visualize real time data coming from different type of sensors connected to these SoCs. We have defined a set of APIs, which will help the sensors to register with the server. These APIs will be the standard to which the sensors will comply while streaming data when connected to the client platforms.
Towards Autonomous IoT Logistics Objects
Authors: Karakostas Bill
Published: August 2019

To improve the overall impact of the Internet of Things (IoT), intelligent capabilities must be developed at the edge of the IoT ‘Cloud.' ‘Smart' IoT objects must not only communicate with their environment, but also use embedded knowledge to interpret signals, and by making inferences augment their knowledge of their own state and that of their environment. Thus, intelligent IoT objects must improve their capabilities to make autonomous decisions without reliance to external computing infrastructure. In this chapter, we illustrate the concept of smart autonomous logistic objects with a proof of concept prototype built using an embedded version of the Prolog language, running on a Raspberry Pi credit-card-sized single-board computer to which an RFID reader is attached. The intelligent object is combining the RFID readings from its environment with embedded knowledge to infer new knowledge about its status. We test the system performance in a simulated environment consisting of logistics objects.
The Conceptual and Architectural Design of an Intelligent Intrusion Detection System
Authors: Dhakar Mradul , Tiwari Akhilesh
Published: August 2019

The tremendous work in the field of security has made enormous efforts towards the ascertainment of innovative ideas along with their practical applicability. These motivated the security agencies to adopt them practically. But adequate remedies are not accomplished yet due to the enhanced technological aspects even in the unlawful communities. These communities have become a major concern for the security agencies and can be considered as unaddressed issue. This concern led to the introduction of Intrusion Detection Systems (IDSs). The IDS is a means for detecting the intrusive events concealed among the activities of normal users. Additionally, such systems also provide necessary assistance in preventing future intrusions. The present chapter focuses on improving the performance of the IDS in order to meet the contemporary progression by proposing a system that is able to achieve a system that is effective, adaptive and intelligent in nature and is able to remarkably detect intrusions. In order to accomplish the desired system, the chapter involves development of intelligent IDS.
Reliability of IoT-Aware BPMN Healthcare Processes
Authors: Domingos Dulce , Respício Ana , Martinho Ricardo
Published: August 2019

BPMN (Business Process Model and Notation) has become the de-facto business process modelling language standard. Healthcare processes have been increasingly incorporating participants other than humans, including Internet of Things (IoT) physical devices such as biomedical sensors or patient electronic tags. Due to its critical requirements, IoT-aware healthcare processes justify the relevance of Quality of Services aspects, such as reliability, availability, and cost, among others. This chapter focuses on reliability and proposes to use the Stochastic Workflow Reduction (SWR) method to calculate the reliability of IoT-aware BPMN healthcare processes. In addition, the chapter proposes a BPMN language extension to provide processes with reliability information. This way, at design time, modellers can analyse alternatives and, at run time, reliability information can be used to select participants, execute services, or monitor process executions. The proposal is applied to an Ambient Assisted Living system use case, a rich example of an IoT-aware healthcare process.
Energy Harvesting Methods for Internet of Things
Authors: Ponnusamy Vasaki , Tay Yen Pei , Lee Lam Hong , Low Tang Jung , Zhao Cheah Wai
Published: August 2019

Internet of Things (IoT) has becoming a central theme in current technology trend whereby objects, people or even animals and plants can exchange information over the Internet. IoT can be referred as a network of interconnected devices such as wearables, sensors and implantables, that has the ability to sense, interact and make collective decisions autonomously. In short, IoT enables a full spectrum of machine-to-machine communications equipped with distributed data collection capabilities and connected through the cloud to facilitate centralized data analysis. Despite its great potential, the reliability of IoT devices is impeded with limited energy supply if these devices were to deploy particularly in energy-scarced locations or where no human intervention is possible. The best possible deployment of IoT technology is directed to cater for unattended situations like structural or environmental health monitoring. This opens up a new research area in IoT energy efficiency domain. A possible alternative to address such energy constraint is to look into re-generating power of IoT devices or more precisely known as energy harvesting or energy scavenging. This chapter presents the review of various energy harvesting mechanisms, current application of energy harvesting in IoT domain and its future design challenges.
Internet of Things (IOT) Solution for Increasing the Quality of Life of Physically Challenged People
Authors: Siddesh G. M. , Srinivasa K. G. , Kaushik Siddharth , Varun S. V. , Subramanyam Vidhatri , Patil Vinay M.
Published: August 2019

Visually Impaired (VI) people generally face difficulties during their pedestrian commute, when forced on to side-walks cluttered with vendors, animals and other obstacles. No single system can comprehensively cover all of their mobility needs. The proposed system intends to provide smart electronic aid for the VI which is appropriate to complement their white cane using the principles of the IoT. It detects any low-lying obstacles on its course and alerts the user to them and also uses Global Positioning System (GPS) technology which is a component of any smart phone, to pinpoint the VI's location when necessary. A feedback system, which is essentially a simple auditory circuit, which alarms the user of any obstacle, and informs priory designated guardians about the VI's current whereabouts, done by transmitting the coordinates of VI to a registered mobile number fed into an Android Application.
IoT and Cloud Computing
Authors: Rolik Oleksandr , Telenyk Sergii , Zharikov Eduard
Published: August 2019

The Internet of Things (IoT) is an emerging technology that offers great opportunities that is designed to improve the quality of consumers' lives, and also to improve economic indicators and productivity of enterprises, and more efficient use of resources. IoT system refers to the use of interconnected devices and distributed subsystems to leverage data gathered by sensors and actuators in some sort of environment and to take a proper decision on a high level. In this chapter, the authors propose an approach to Microcloud-based IoT infrastructure management to provide the desired quality of IT services with rational use of IT resources. Efficiency of IT infrastructure management can be estimated by the quality of services and the management costs. The task of operational service quality management is to maintain a given level of service quality with the use of minimum IT resources amount in IoT environment. Then, the maximum efficiency can be achieved by selecting such control when actual level of service corresponds to the coordinated with business unit and can be achieved by minimal costs. The proposed approach allows the efficient use of resources for IT services provision in IoT ecosystem through the implementation of service level coordination, resource planning and service level management processes in an integrated IT infrastructure management system based on hyperconvergence and software-defined principles. The main goals of this chapter are to investigate the state of art of the IoT applications resource demands in the context of datacenter architecture deployment and to propose Microcloud-based IoT infrastructure resource control method.
Review of Discussions on Internet of Things (IoT)
Authors: Joseph Nimish , Kar Arpan Kumar , Ilavarasan P. Vigneswara , Ganesh Shankar
Published: August 2019

User generated content in the social media platforms are being considered as an important source for information about consumers and other emerging trends by the businesses. Using Twitter analytics, the paper presents insights on trends and discussions about the Internet of Things (IoT). Using relevant hashtags, 40,387 tweets were collected in early 2016. The analysis had followed three major approaches: descriptive analysis, content analysis and network analysis. The tools R and NodeXL were used for the analysis. The findings showed major themes like business concerns, scope of applications, security, emerging smart technologies and manufacturing. The sentiments of emotions and polarity differed across these themes. The top individual and industrial influencers were identified. The analysis also detected the highly-associated words and hashtags, and different user communities and how they are connected. Business implications of the findings and limitations are also elaborated.
Innovation in Product Design
Authors: Ramakrishnan Ravi , Gaur Loveleen
Published: August 2019

The IoT and 3D printing can become a potent combination when it comes to launching new business initiatives driven by hard-core data and analytics and not really based on human perceptions or limited survey data. Previous empirical research has shown that drivers of new product performance are a mix of strategic, development process, organizational, and market environmental factors. This chapter attempts (1) to understand how introduction of IoT sensors embedded in customer appliances or wearable's sending real time customer information coupled with rapid prototyping using remotely located 3D printers can help address design considerations for new products, and (2) to provide an overview of how using IoT data and 3D printers for new product development and prototyping as an early stage activity can be done without using human imagination of restricted market survey data.
Applying Security to a Big Stream Cloud Architecture for the Internet of Things
Authors: Belli Laura , Cirani Simone , Davoli Luca , Ferrari Gianluigi , Melegari Lorenzo , Picone Marco
Published: August 2019

The Internet of Things (IoT) is expected to interconnect billions (around 50 by 2020) of heterogeneous sensor/actuator-equipped devices denoted as “Smart Objects” (SOs), characterized by constrained resources in terms of memory, processing, and communication reliability. Several IoT applications have real-time and low-latency requirements and must rely on architectures specifically designed to manage gigantic streams of information (in terms of number of data sources and transmission data rate). We refer to “Big Stream” as the paradigm which best fits the selected IoT scenario, in contrast to the traditional “Big Data” concept, which does not consider real-time constraints. Moreover, there are many security concerns related to IoT devices and to the Cloud. In this paper, we analyze security aspects in a novel Cloud architecture for Big Stream applications, which efficiently handles Big Stream data through a Graph-based platform and delivers processed data to consumers, with low latency. The authors detail each module defined in the system architecture, describing all refinements required to make the platform able to secure large data streams. An experimentation is also conducted in order to evaluate the performance of the proposed architecture when integrating security mechanisms.
An Approach of Role Updating in Context-Aware Role Mining
Authors: Wang Jian , Zhu Zejin , Liu Junju , Wang Chong , Xu Youwei
Published: August 2019

With the rapid development of Internet of Things (IoT) and mobile technologies, the service offerings available in the IoT and mobile environments are increasing dramatically. How to provide intelligent and personalized services for users becomes a challenging issue. Several context aware service recommendation approaches have been reported to leverage roles to represent common knowledge within user communities, based on which services can be recommended for users. Prior studies on context aware role mining mainly focus on mining roles from a fixed data set of user behavior patterns, while most of them neglect the dynamic change of the input data. The frequent change of the user data will result in the change of extracted roles, and how to efficiently update extracted roles according to change of the input user data remains a challenging issue. In this paper, towards this issue, the authors introduce a novel role updating approach in context aware role mining. In the apporach, several algorithms are presented towards various scenarios such as new users and new contexts are removed from and added into the input data. Experiments show that compared with existing solutions, the proposed algorithms can guarantee the completeness of updating results while keeping good updating efficiency.
IoT in Healthcare
Authors: Somasundaram R  , Thirugnanam Mythili
Published: August 2019

The fields of computer science and electronics have merged to result into one of the most notable technological advances in the form of realization of the Internet of Things. The market for healthcare services has increased exponentially at the same time security flaws could pose serious threats to the health and safety of patients using wearable technologies and RFID. The volume and sensitivity of data traversing the IoT environment makes dangerous to messages and data could be intercepted and manipulated while in transit. This scenario must absolutely respect the confidentiality and privacy of patient's medical information. Therefore, this chapter presents various security issues or vulnerabilities with respect to attacks and various situations how information will be attacked by the attacker in healthcare IoT. The working principle of healthcare IoT also discussed. The chapter concludes the performance of various attacks based on the past work. In the future this work can be extended to introduce a novel mechanism to resolve various security issues in healthcare IoT.
Cybersecurity Concerns in International Business
Authors: Williquette Joel F.
Published: August 2019

The topic is cybersecurity concerns in international business. The issue of cybersecurity and cybercrime is a complex one with several sources for cybercrime including activities by individual criminals, organized crime, and governments. The research question explored is, “Can companies protect themselves given the rise in cybercrime?” Research findings conclude that businesses need to increase their efforts and invest in technologies, staff, technical training, and processes and programs aimed at improving the use of risk-based assessments, defenses, intrusion and anomaly detection, and the business's ability to recover should a cybercrime take place.
Trust-Based Security Mechanisms for Self-Organized Networks (SONs)
Authors: Sivagurunathan S. , Prathapchandran K.
Published: August 2019

Self-Organized Networks (SONs) are an advancement of today's communication that arises to overcome the problems in traditional communications in terms of their planning, configuration, optimization, healing and management since the rate of utilizing communication technology is gradually increasing day by day hence an optimum mechanism is needed to cope up with all the changes in the communication era, the result is self-organized networks. The success of SONs depends on how it is effectively utilized without any compromise in its security. However its unique characteristics offer both opportunities and challenges. The aim of this chapter is to begins with the essential concept of SONs such as Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANET), Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANET), Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN), Wireless Mesh Networks (WMN), Peer to Peer Networks (P2P), Cognitive Radio Networks, Bio-Inspired Networks and Internet of Things (IoT) and their limitations in different perspectives. As these networks have penetrated into the human life with an anytime anywhere capability, the security of the data being processed and communicated through these networks become vital. This chapter tries to bring out the issues and challenges in providing a trust based solution mechanisms for this type of networks.
Healing Alex's Wound
Authors: Chen Szu-Yu
Published: August 2019

Multicultural and Social Justice Counseling Competencies (MSJCC) has emphasized the need to consider multicultural and social justice factors into all aspects of the counseling profession. Consistent with the MSJCC guideline, it is essential that counselors provide developmentally and culturally responsive interventions when working with children from diverse backgrounds. Adlerian play therapy is a unique approach in which counselors incorporate basic tenets of individual psychology and premise of play therapy to help children work through different types of emotional or behavioral issues. This chapter provides an overview of the effects of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) on children's mental health, particularly the multitude of effects on Hispanic children. The author then illustrates the application of Adlerian play therapy from MSJCC's perspective to work with a Hispanic boy exposed to a high level of ACEs.
Counseling With a Muslim-American Family
Authors: Brown Margaux Hanes , West Ari-Elle R.
Published: August 2019

Islamophobia is the unfounded fear of Islam and resulting hostility that Muslims experience as a religious minority in the U.S. For a marginalized community in the U.S., this increases the risk for poor mental health outcomes and further compounds stigma around help-seeking behaviors. In this case study, a family unit presented for counseling with stress resulting from life cycle stressors. However, the intersectionality of their religious identity affected how the individuals experienced transitions as well as microaggressions. This case study includes a counselor's application of the Multicultural and Social Justice Counseling Competencies, treatment interventions, and extensions for further professional development.
Case Study for Counseling Same Sex Couples Through the Fertility Process
Authors: Rausch Meredith A. , Wikoff Haley D.
Published: August 2019

Fertility and reproductive technologies are increasingly important topics for counseling LGBT+ individuals. As legislation improves, lesbian couples have additional opportunities to expand their families. Professional counselors may be aware of the various fertility methods (e.g., artificial insemination, in vitro fertilization), but may lack understanding of the specific differences inherent in the process for two females. Lesbians also face barriers present in a heteronormative society. This chapter describes a counseling relationship with a lesbian couple who are working through the fertility process. When performing counseling work, using the multicultural and social justice competencies allows the counselor to provide ethical practice. The counselors use Relational-Cultural Theory, a feminist theory, to help Jane and Kelsey set goals consistent with the tenets of the theory. Additionally, the counseling team and couple work through the unique barriers a lesbian couple faces when experiencing the fertility process in a heteronormative society.
The Case of Harper, Courageous Cultural Conversations in the Counseling Room
Authors: Armstrong Noreal , Clunan Megan
Published: August 2019

The authors will utilize the case of Harper to delineate how to counsel clients to remain true to one's personal identity, while still developing a culturally competent identity in empathetic relationship with others. Harper is coming to counseling because she is facing a move from her homogeneous cultural community in Western North Carolina to the diversity of Washington, DC. Harper states she is fearful and anxious about (1) having to set her values aside, (2) being offensive because she lacks awareness of other cultures, and (3) the unknown of what living around different religions, ethnicities, and cultures may entail. The authors will explore practical ways in which the MSJCC can be implemented in the clinical setting for the sake of counseling clients toward cultural competency. Counselors will examine the importance of counselor self-awareness, regarding marginalization and privilege, within the therapeutic relationship. The authors will provide examples of experiential, solutions focused, and group therapy interventions to help clients move toward cultural competency.
Hiking With Heidi
Authors: King Bonnie Carter
Published: August 2019

The following chapter describes the experience of counseling a woman named Heidi (name and identifying details changed to protect confidentiality) using Ecotherapy and the Multicultural Counseling Competencies. The chapter describes Heidi and her presenting problems, an introduction of the author, and the author's unique approach to counseling, the application of theory to her work with Heidi using existential and systems theories, as well as practicing in nature. The goals and progress that was made in their journey together through the counseling relationship is described. Throughout their journey together, Heidi utilized her strengths, which empowered her to make changes in her life that were beneficial for her growth, health, and happiness by implementing changes in her life that fully honored the complexity of her humanity.
Navigating Toxic Masculinity in Clients as a Beginning Therapist
Authors: Christensen Jeffrey K. , Henderson Justin D. , Dorn-Medeiros Cort M. , Lertora Ian
Published: August 2019

The purpose of this chapter is to provide counseling students with a framework that will allow them to broach gender with male clients and to navigate conversations that may elicit anxiety for beginning counselors. This will be done through the case example of Whitney, a graduate student who just started internship. Her client is Rick, a client in his 50s, who is coming to services because of receiving a DUI and needing to complete counseling for his diversion mandate. Whitney is younger than Rick and has the experience of having some discomforting exchanges with him, such as remarks on how “bright” she is and a passing comment her outfit. The strategies proposed in this case study are grounded in the Multicultural and Social Justice Counseling Competencies and in Relational Cultural Theory and will give students a framework for understanding clients who may respond like Rick.