bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
KAJIAN PERKUATAN STRUKTUR RANGKA BETON BERTULANG DENGAN METODA BRESING
Authors: Pradono Mulyo Harris
Published: June 2020

Indonesia merupakan daerah yang rawan gempabumi. Konstruksi fasiltas umum harus aman terhadap ancaman gempabumi. Untuk konstruksi terbangun yang belum aman terhadap tingkat ancaman gempabumi pada lokasi terbangunnya, perlu mendapatkan peningkatan perilaku sehingga lebih aman terhadap ancaman gempabumi. Salah satu metode yang digunakan untuk perbaikan perilaku struktur adalah dengan pemasangan bresing baja pada bangunan struktur rangka beton bertulang. Hal yang perlu diperhatikan dalam penambahan bresing ini adalah terjadinya perubahan mekanisme penahanan gaya gempa oleh struktur, yaitu mekanisme dominasi momen kolom menjadi mekanisme dominasi tarik-tekan kolom yang diteruskan ke pondasi. Hal ini menyebabkan kekuatan pondasi juga menjadi faktor penentu dalam tingkat keefektifan pemasangan bresing tambahan. Makalah ini menampilkan kajian peningkatan kekuatan dengan penambahan struktur bresing yang diterapkan terhadap struktur gedung eksisting. Hasilnya menunjukkan keefektifan bresing dalam memperbaiki perilaku struktur dalam menerima beban gempa, walaupun dibatasi oleh ketersediaan lokasi penempatan bresing.
Kadastro Haritalarının Sayısallaştırılması Kapsamında Yapılan Çalışmaların Analizi
Authors: KARATAŞ Kamil , GENÇER Eyyüp
Published: June 2020

Türkiye’de, taşınmazların konumlarını, alanlarını, hukuksal durumunu tespitine yönelik olarak yaklaşık 100 yıllık bir sürece yayılarak yapılan kadastro çalışmaları, değişik kanunlarla, farklı ölçü yöntemleri, çeşitli ölçü aletleri, değişik koordinat sistemleri, ölçekler ve altlıklarda gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu durum, kadastrodan kaynaklı hataların oluşmasına, günümüz veri üretim standartlarına uygun olmamasına, günümüzde gelişen teknolojiyle birlikte artan ihtiyacın karşılanamamasına ve mekânsal bilgi sisteminin altlığını oluşturulmamasına yol açmıştır. Yaşanan sorunlara çözüm getirmek için, Tapu ve Kadastro Genel Müdürlüğü tarafından, kadastro çalışmaları tamamlanan fakat kesin koordinatı olmayan veya teknik olarak yetersiz olan birimlerde kadastro güncelleştirme ve sayısallaştırma çalışmaları yapılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Ülkemizde Tapu ve Kadastro Genel Müdürlüğü tarafından 3402 sayılı Kadastro Kanunu’nun Ek-1 maddesi kapsamında yapılan sayısallaştırma çalışmaları incelenecektir. Paftadan yapılan sayısallaştırma işlemlerinde afin dönüşümüne bağlı hataların 3402 sayılı Kadastro Kanunu’nun Ek-1 maddesi kapsamında sayısallaştırma çalışmalarında göz ardı edildiği anlaşılmaktadır. Ayrıca alan tecviz formüllerinin de ihtiyacı karşılamadığı ve sayısallaştırma çalışmalarındaki nokta konum doğruluğunu bünyesinde barındıran yeni yaklaşımların gerekliliği ortaya çıkmaktadır.
TUSAGA-AKTİF Noktalarında Gürültü Analizi, Türkiye’ nin Güneydoğusu Örneği
Authors: BAŞÇİFTÇİ Fuat
Published: June 2020

Uydularla Konum Belirleme Sistemi (GNSS, Global Navigation Satellite System) ile nokta konumlarının belirlenmesi sıklıkla kullanılan bir yöntemdir. GNSS ile nokta konumları belirlenirken hem GNSS ölçü hatalarına, hem de GNSS frekanslarını etkileyen gürültülere dikkat edilmesi gerekmektedir. GNSS ölçü hataları uygun ölçme yöntemi, kullanılan ekipmanla vb. giderilebilirken, GNSS sinyallerini etkileyen gürültüler ise analizler sonucu giderilmektedir. Bu çalışmada, Türkiye’nin güneydoğusunda bulunan TUSAGA-Aktif noktalarında gürültü bileşenlerinden arındırılmış hız bileşenleri belirlenmiş ve aralarında farklar yorumlanmıştır. Gerçekleştirilen çalışmada 7 yıllık GNSS verisi Bernese v5.2 Bilimsel GNSS yazılımı ile değerlendirilmiş ve CATS yazılımı ile analiz edilerek hız bileşenleri verilmiştir.
Effects of Freezing Rate on The Quality of Cherry Tomatoes
Authors: RAYMAN ERGÜN Ahsen , GÜRLEK Nurşah , BAYSAL Taner
Published: June 2020

In this study, the effects of different freezing rates on some physical and chemical quality properties of cherry tomatoes were investigated. Cherry tomatoes were frozen slowly at -18°C at the freezer section of the home type refrigerator and quickly at -30°C in the modified freezer cabinet which is capable of blowing air at a speed of 1.2 m/s at -30°C, designed and produced by Bosch und Siemens Hausgerate GmbH (Çerkezköy, Turkey). The freezing rates were calculated on the bulk basis of the samples in the middle, bottom and top positions. The freezing rate in the middle for -30°C found as 1.55±0.16 (cm/h) which was slow freezing and 0.11±0.01 (cm/h) for -18°C between 4 and -15ᵒC which was in the range of quick freezing. Drip loss, total dry matter content, total soluble solid content (ᵒBrix), color values, pH, ascorbic acid, total phenolic content, titration acidity and lycopene were investigated for cherry tomatoes frozen at different rates. Drip loss values were 11.01 ± 0.21% for quick frozen cherry tomato samples and 19.95 ± 0.44% for slow-frozen samples. The decrease in ᵒBrix value of slow frozen sample was more than quick frozen samples. Brightness and a/b values of the quick frozen tomatoes were better compared to the slow frozen ones. Ascorbic, phenolic and lycopene contents were found higher in quick frozen sample.
Modeling the Effect of Different Medium on Rooting of Northern Highbush Blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) Softwood Cuttings
Authors: ÇELİK Hüseyin , ODABAS Mehmet Serhat
Published: June 2020

This study was to develop a mathematical modeling to prediction for the effects of different mediums on degree and percentage of rooting of highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) softwood cuttings. The well fitted estimating equations for the rooting percentage and rooting degree tested were formulized as RP = (95.49533) + (-17.7671 x M)+(1.655312 x M²) + (-24.0961 x CV) and RD = 7.013245 + (-1.29063xM) + (0.119114xM²) + (-1.51642xCV) where RD is rooting degree, RP is rooting percentage, M is mediums, CV is northern highbush blueberry cultivars (Jersey [1] and Berkeley [2]) and M is mediums of the produced equation. Mediums are peat moss (PM) [1], perlite (P) [2], podzolic-brownish soil (BS) [3], podzolic-reddish soil (PR) [4], PM+P [5], PM+BP+PR [6], P+BP+PR [7] and PM+P+BP+PR [8]. All the medium mixed in equal v/v. Here the numerical count put in the angular brackets show the numerical values used for rooting medium and cultivars. Regression analysis over multiply was carried out for the least sum of square (R²) obtained. R2 value 0.92 for percentage of rooting and 0.93 for degree of rooting. Standard errors significances found at the p\0.001 level.
Farklı Düzeylerde Kekik Yaprağı (Thymus kotschyanus) İlavesinin Yonca Kuru Otunun İn vitro Sindirim Parametrelerine Etkisi
Authors: KÖSEOĞLU Emir , GÜNEY Mehtap
Published: June 2020

Bu çalışmada, yonca kuru otuna (YKO) farklı düzeylerde kekik yaprağı (Thymus kotschyanus) ilavesinin, in vitro kuru madde sindirimi (IVKMS), in vitro organik madde sindirimi (IVOMS), metabolik enerji (ME) düzeyleri ile rumen parametreleri üzerine etkisinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaca yönelik olarak, YKO’na %2, %4 ve %6 seviyelerinde kekik yaprağı (KY) ilave edilmiştir. Çalışmada, mezbahaneye kesim için getirilen 2 adet büyükbaş hayvanın rumen sıvıları kullanılmıştır. İnkübatörde, katkısız (YKO), %2 KY (YKO+%2KY), %4 KY (YKO+%4KY) ve %6 KY (YKO+%6KY) olmak üzere 4 grup oluşturulmuştur. Her bir kavanoz için 10 adet örnek, 3 adet kör olmak üzere toplamda 52 adet kese inkübe edilmiştir. Daisy inkübatör cihazında in vitro olarak gerçekleştirilen bu çalışmada, 48 saat inkübasyon süresi uygulanmıştır. Yonca kuru otuna %2, %4 ve %6 düzeyinde KY ilavesi ile in vitro toplam sindirim (IVTS), IVKMS, IVOMS ile ME düzeyleri azalmıştır (P<0.001). İn vitro pH düzeyleri %6 KY katkılı grupta kontrolden yüksek, %2 KY katkılı grupta ise kontrolden düşük elde edilmiştir. Çalışmada gruplara ait pH düzeyleri optimal rumen sıvısı pH aralıklarında belirlenmiştir. Kontrol grubuna göre %4KY katkılı grupta asetik asit (AA) miktarı artarken (P<0.001), diğer gruplar arasında istatistiksel bir farklılık tespit edilmemiştir. Bu çalışmada aktif bileşikleri tanımlanan kekik yaprağının kullanılan katkı seviyeleri in vitro rumen parametrelerine önemli derecede etki etmiş, YKO’nun in vitro sindirim derecelerini de olumsuz etkilemiştir. Bu sonuç tıbbi-aromatik bitkilerin yapılarındaki aktif bileşenler ve dozlarının rumen fermantasyon parametreleri ve YKO’nun sindirimine etkisi bakımından gelecekte yapılacak çalışmalara katkı sağlayacaktır.
Produktivitas Sekunder Famili Crambidae di Sungai Cigambreng, Desa Tapos, Bogor
Authors: Nurcahyanto Arif , Pulungan Ahyar , Abdillah Didit , Afif Muhammad Irfan , Panggabean Grin Tommy , Kawirian Rizky Regina , Rahman Chichilia Qaila Azzahra , Krisanti Majariana
Published: June 2020

Secondary productivity is the formation of biomass of heterotrophic organisms in units of time including biomass that is lost in a certain time unit. The Crambidae family is an insect that has aquatic larvae and will become an air insect after the larval phase. This species has the potential to become a pest for agriculture. The study was conducted in October 2019 for one month. The Crambidae family species found consists of two species, Petrophila sp. and Elophila sp. The abundance of Crambidae during the study ranged from 100 ind/m2 to 422 ind/m2. Secondary productivity was analyzed by the size frequency method. The secondary productivity of the Crambidae family in Cigambreng river waters for one month was 47.7915 g/m2/month, the biomass formed was 14.9669 g/m2 and the P/B ratio was 3.1931.
Kualitas Sosis Daging Ayam Dengan Penambahan Tepung Tapioka
Authors: Bulkaini Bulkaini , Kisworo Djoko , Sukirno Sukirno , Wulandani Rani , Maskur Maskur
Published: June 2020

The study was aimed to determine the effect of tapioca flour addition atvarious levels on the quality of chicken sausage. The research was design based on a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 3 replications. The treatment of tapioca flour addition level were: 0%, 10%, 20% and 30%. Data ofsausage quality were analyzed using Analysis of Variance and continued with Duncan's Multiple Range Test. The results showed that the addition of tapioca flour in the process of chicken sausage making were significantly affect (P <0.05) moisture and protein content, while the fat and ash content were not significantly effected (P> 0.05) by the treatment. The addition of 10% tapioca flour obtained the highest nutritional value of protein (17.67 Â± 0.93) % as compared to the other levels.
Komposisi Nutrisi dan Kecernaan Silase Jerami Jagung yang Ditambah Lamtoro dan Molases yang Difermentasi pada Waktu Berbeda
Authors: Yanuarianto Oscar , Amin Muhamad , Hasan Sofyan Damrah , Dilaga Syamsul Hidayat , Suhubdy Suhubdy
Published: June 2020

The study that aimed to determine the content of crude protein (CP), crude fiber (CF) and in vitro digestibility of dry matter (DM) and organic matter (OM) of corn straw silage added with leucaena and molasses fermented at different times, had been carried out at Nutrition and Feed Laboratory, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, University of Mataram. The corn straw and leucana used in this study were taken from the agricultural area in the Gerung sub-district of West Lombok Regency shortly after harvesting and were cut into pieces with a size of 3-5 cm. This study used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of 5 level of treatments, namely: T1: corn straw + leucaena 10% and molasses 5% without fermentation, T2: corn straw + leucaena 10% and molasses 5% fermented 7 days, T3: corn straw + leucaena 10% and molasses 5% fermented 14 days, T4: corn straw + leucaena 10% and molasses 5% fermented 21 days, T5: corn straw + leucaena 10% and molasses 10% fermented 28 days. The variables observed in this study were CP, CF, and in vitro digestibility of DM and OM. Data obtained in this study were analyzed using analysis of variance based on a Completely Randomized Design using the SAS statistical program package and the differences were further tested using the Duncan Test. The results showed that fermentation time could significantly decrease (P <0.05) CF content and increase (P <0.05) CP silage content, but there was no significant increase (P> 0.05) of DM and OM digestibility in vitro of silage fermented for 7, 14, 21 and 28 days.
Studi Karakteristik Sifat Kualitatif Dan Morfometrik Induk Ayam Kampung Dengan Berbagai Tipe Jengger Di Pulau Lombok
Authors: Lestari Lestari , Maskur Maskur , Jan Rahma , Rozi Tapaul , Kasip Lalu M. , Muhsinin M.
Published: June 2020

This study aimed to identify the diversity of qualitative and morphometric traits of Kampung chickens based on the comb-types in Lombok Island. Four hundred and seventeen Kampung chickens that are maintained traditionally were used in this study. The method used was a survey. The determination of location was done by purposive sampling, and samples taken were selected by random sampling. Qualitative data included comb-type, fur color, skin color, and foot color. Morphometric data included comb height, shank length, tibia length, femur length, the distance between pubic bones, the distance between the pubic bone and breastbone and body weight. Data were analyzed using simple statistical analysis. The results show that there were 4 (four) types of comb namely walnut comb (36.45 percent), single (30.45 percent), pea (24.46 percent) and rose (8.64 percent). Fur colors found were black, golden, striated and white. White fur color was only found in pea combs. The earlobe colors were red and white. Shank colors were black, white and yellow. The skin colors were yellow and white. The highest morphometrics of Kampung chicken was found in chickens with the type of rose comb which showed comb height of 12.16 + 2.78mm, shank length of 74.26 + 11.62mm, tibia length of 88.47 + 11.87mm, femur length of 82.11 + 12.45mm, distance of two pubic bones of  35.95 + 7.32mm), distance between the pubic bone and breastbone of 54.74 + 9.86mm and body weight of 1658.19 + 339.63gram.
Evaluasi Kecernaan Energi dan Protein Dedak Padi Lokal pada Itik Mojosari Dara
Authors: Asnawi Asnawi , Purnamasari Dwi Kusuma , Wiryawan I Ketut Gde
Published: June 2020

Evaluation of metabolizable energy of local rice bran have been conducted on Mojosari laying duck. The purpose of study was to calculate the energy values of local rice bran. Ten Mojosari laying ducks were randomly allocated of two types of feeds. Each laying duck was reared in individual cage (metabolic cage). Two types of feeds were basal diet (30% commercial feed: 70% corn), and 70% basal diet and 30% local rice bran. There are five duck as replication in each types of feed.  Metabolic energy (ME) was determined according to Farrel (1978) with any modification. The results indicated that the gross energy and apparent metabolically energy (AME) of rice bran were approximately 3317,00Â±17,30 kkal/kg and 2461,44Â±27,76 kkal/kg. Presentation of AME to Gross energy of local rice bran were 74.21 %.  Metabolizable protein of local rice bran were 55,71 Â± 9,30% from crude protein intake. It is concluded that according to apparent metabolically energy (AME) and digestible protein, local rice bran is appropriate as supplement feed of laying duct particularly Mojosari laying ducks.
Transmissão da fé e cultura midiática. Disquisições de um teólogo católico
Authors: Tavares Sinivaldo Silva
Published: June 2020

Após descrever o cenário atual como “cumplicidade” entre mercado, tecnociência e mídia, o objetivo que se propõe aqui é discernir desafios e chances postos pela complexa incumbência de transmitir a fé no horizonte da cultura midiática vigente, caracterizada, em modo especial, pela reconexão: um interagente constrói um conteúdo simbólico que, por sua vez, é recebido e reconhecido por outro interagente em conexão e, por conseguinte, reconstruído, mediante novas conexões, por outros interagentes ainda. Por fim, na ótica de um teólogo de tradição católica, são elencados três dos principais desafios postos por esse diálogo intercultural: oportunidade de se conceber missão como evangelização; incessante processo de deconstrução e reconstrução da catolicidade e possibilidade de ressignificar a própria catolicidade.Abstract:After describing the current scenario as “complicity” between market, technoscience and media, the objective proposed here is to discern challenges and chances posed by the complex task of transmitting faith in the horizon of the current media culture, characterized, in a special way, by reconnection : an interactant builds a symbolic content that, in turn, is received and recognized by another interacting person in connection and, therefore, reconstructed, through new connections, by other interactants. Finally, from the perspective of a theologian with a Catholic tradition, three of the main challenges posed by this intercultural dialogue are listed: opportunity to conceive mission as evangelization; incessant process of deconstruction and reconstruction of catholicity and the possibility of reframing catholicity itself.Keywords: Media culture; Reconnection; Evangeliztion; Catholicity.
“Everything is related”. Dialogue, network communication, and integral ecology
Authors: Carbajo Núñez Martín
Published: June 2020

In the light of the Catholic Magisterium and the Franciscan intellectual tradition, this paper asserts that interaction and communication are constitutive aspects of all that exists. “Everything is related.” In this holistic perspective, “truth is lógos which creates diá-logos, and hence communication and communion” (CV 4). Being in relationship is not an option, but an intrinsic requirement for ourselves and for all creatures. Many scientific data prove that, in the entire ecosystem, collaboration prevails over conflict. We also share with many living beings the same physical-chemical substrate and “a good part of our genetic code” (138). Therefore, we must strengthen the “awareness of our common origin, of our mutual belonging, and of a future to be shared with everyone” (202). Social media should reinforce this web of life, promoting dialogue and communication at all levels.Keywords: Dialogue; Communication; Integral ecology; Internet; Digital era.À luz do Magistério católico e da Tradição intelectual franciscana, este artigo afirma que a interação e a comunicação são aspectos constitutivos da realidade. “Tudo está relacionado”. Nesta perspectiva holística, “a verdade é ‘lógos’ que cria ‘diá-logos’ e, portanto, comunicação e comunhão” (CV 4). Relacionar-se não é uma opção, mas uma exigência intrínseca, tanto para nós como para as demais criaturas. Muitos dados científicos demonstram que, no ecosistema como um todo, a colaboração é mais decisiva do que o conflito. Partilhamos com muitos seres vivos o mesmo substrato físico-químico e “boa parte de nossa informação genética” (138). Portanto, devemos fortalecer “a conciência de uma origem comum, de uma mútua pertença e de um futuro compartilhado por todos” (202). As redes sociais e os meios de comunicação social devem reforçar esta rede da vida, promovendo o diálogo e a comunicação em todos os níveis.
Expressões do catolicismo no Brasil 50 anos depois. Releitura do artigo “Para uma tipologia do catolicismo no Brasil”, de José Comblin
Authors: Souza Alzirinha Rocha
Published: June 2020

Este texto pretende apresentar novos elementos acerca do catolicismo atual no Brasil a partir da releitura dos elementos apresentados por José Comblin em seu artigo “Para uma tipologia do catolicismo no Brasil”, que completou 50 anos em 2018. Isso será feito a partir de três chaves principais: a) identificação da complexidade da realidade; b) compreensão dos elementos religiosos que se mantiveram, dos que se transformaram ou que desapareceram ao longo do tempo; e c) identificação da influência do catolicismo popular em tempos de modernidade.Abstract:The objective of this text is to introduce new elements about today’s Catholicism in Brazil based on a rereading of the elements presented by José Comblin in his now fifty years old article “For a typology of Catholicism in Brazil”. This will be done with the help of three main keys: a) the identification of the complexity of reality b) the comprehension of the religious elements that were maintained, of those that changed or have disappeared over time; and c) identification of the influence of popular Catholicism in modern times.Keywords: Comblin; Catholicism; Origins; Modern times; Religiosities.
O laicato e a classe média. Um diálogo com Clodovis Boff
Authors: Scopinho Sávio Carlos Desan
Published: June 2020

A proposta deste artigo é retomar um debate realizado na década de 90 do século passado que trata da relação entre agente de pastoral e povo. A partir das intuições de Clodovis Boff, pretende-se compreender o papel do laicato, particularmente da classe média, na pastoral com as massas. Na tentativa de definição de massa, povo, classe média e agente de pastoral, duas iniciativas são importantes nesse processo: a possibilidade da existência de uma pastoral da classe média e uma efetiva realização de um trabalho pastoral com as massas. A atualização da temática se torna pertinente por levantar uma questão ainda não devidamente resolvida pela pastoral da Igreja católica e por retomar uma possível teologia do laicato numa perspectiva libertadora e latino-americana.Abstract: The proposal is to retake a debate happened in the 1990s that deals with the relationship between pastoral agent and people. Based on Clodovis Boff ’s intuitions, it is intended to understand the role of the laity, particularly of the middle class, in pastoral work with the mass. In the attempt to define mass, people, middle class and pastoral agent, two initiatives are important in this process: the possibility of the existence of a middle class pastoral and an effective pastoral accomplishment work with the mass. The updating of this thematic becomes relevant for raise an issue not yet properly resolved by the pastoral of the Catholic Church and for retaking a possible theology of the laity from a liberating and Latin American perspective.Keywords: Pastoral agent; Middle class; People; Masses; Laity.
Respon Imun Non-spesifik Ikan Gurami (Osphronemus gouramy) yang Diberi Fucoidan dari Ekstrak Rumput Laut Cokelat Padina sp.
Authors: Purbomartono Cahyono , Mulia Dini Siswani , Priyambodo Danang
Published: June 2020

Fucoidan merupakan senyawa polisakarida sulfat yang diekstrak dari rumput laut cokelat Padina sp. Fucoidan diketahui mempunyai beberapa bioaktivitas, salah satunya sebagai imunostimulan. Ikan gurami (Osphronemus gouramy) ukuran + 100 gr diberi perlakuan fucoidan yang dicampur kedalam pakan dengan dosis 0,2 gr kg-1 pakan (P1), 0,4 gr kg-1 pakan (P2) , 0,6 gr kg-1 pakan (P3) serta kontrol (Po) masing-masing dengan 3 kali ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, fucoidan dari ekstrak rumput laut cokelat Padina sp. secara signifikan dapat meningkatkan respon imun non-spesifik terhadap persentase hematokrit, leukokrit dan superoksida anion pada ikan gurami. Perlakuan P3 (0,6 gr kg-1) merupakan dosis optimum yang dapat meningkatkan respon imun non-spesifik ikan, menunjukkan fucoidan dapat digunakan dalam budidaya ikan gurami.Kata kunci: fucoidan, Padina sp., ikan gurami, imun non-spesifik
Analisis Angka Asam pada Minyak Goreng dan Minyak Zaitun
Authors: Fitri Ardhista Shabrina , Fitriana Yolla Arinda Nur
Published: June 2020

Minyak merupakan salah satu zat makanan yang penting sebagai sumber energi bagi kebutuhan tubuh manusia. Minyak nabati mengandung asam lemak tak jenuh dan beberapa asam lemak esensial seperti asam oleat, linoleat, dan linolenat. Jenis minyak yang banyak dikonsumsi masyarakat adalah minyak goreng (minyak kelapa) dan minyak zaitun. Untuk menjaga kadar gizi sebagai bahan makanan, minyak goreng dan minyak zaitun perlu diketahui kandungan asam lemak dalam hal ini ditunjukkan dengan bilangan asam. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa angka asam yang didapatkan dari sampel minyak goreng adalah 0.647, sedangkan dari sampel olive oil didapatkan angka sebesar 3.194. Dari perhitungan tersebut, dapat dinyatakan bahwa bilangan asam olive oil melebihi ambang batas bilangan asam berdasarkan SNI-3741-2013 tentang standar mutu minyak goreng yaitu maksimal sebesar 0.6 mg KOH/gram, sedangkan minyak goreng sesuai dengan ambang batas bilangan asam. Kata-kata kunci: minyak goreng, minyak zaitun, angka asam, ambang batas.
Visible evidence of climate change and its impact on fruit production in Nepal
Authors: ATREYA Padma Nath , KAPHLE Manoj
Published: June 2020

In recent years, Nepal is experiencing visible impact of climate change in agriculture. This review paper describes the recent climate change pattern and phenomenon with its impact on fruit production in Nepal. Various researches suggest that change in temperature has played vital to reduce the level of soil organic carbon, and soil micronutrients. With exposure to extreme temperatures, insects may produce heat shock proteins, cryoprotectants and osmolyte compounds within their bodies to survive, so these insects can exist in such environment. Most of the researches resulted that higher temperature induces early flowering under the subtropics may result in low fruit-set because of abnormalities arising from prevailing low night temperatures. Similarly, insufficient chilling greatly influences flower initiation and fruit coloration along with deterioration in fruit texture and taste. Besides the effect of high and low temperature, papers also claimed that decline in rainfall from November to April adversely affects the winter and spring crops that ultimately reduces food production. Hence, organization related to fruit research, education and development in Nepal have to run effective program to bring new genetic sources that can resist the adverse effect of climate and may bring some positive vibe to tackle the climate change.
PEMBERIAN PUPUK KANDANG SEBAGAI PEMBENAH TANAH UNTUK PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL MELON (Cucumis melo L.) DI ULTISOL
Authors: Nurjanah Eka , Sumardi Sumardi , Prasetyo Prasetyo
Published: June 2020

[MANURE APPLICATION AS A SOIL AMENDMENT TO PROMOTE GROWTH AND YIELD OF MELON (Cucumis melo L.) IN ULTISOL]. The application of manure may overcome soil fertility problems in Ultisol triggered by low pH, high P retention, high content of Al and Fe, and low CEC. The objective of this study was to determine the optimum dose of different manures applied to promote the best growth and yield of melon. The study was conducted from February to May 2019 at the Experimental Plot of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bengkulu. Three different manures (chicken, cow, and goat manure) were applied at 5, 10, 15, and 20 tons/ha. These treatments were arranged in Completely Randomized Design with three replications. The results show that the enhancement in chlorophyll content (SPAD index) was highest in plots solely applied with 20 tons ha-1 manure, whereas application of manure even at 20 tons/ha had no effects on melon yield and its components. Manure types solely promoted plant height, maturity date, fruit diameter, and soluble solid content (Brix). Melon growth and yield were not affected by combined application of manure type and dose. These indicate that application of manure types irrespective of the amount applied failed to solve fertility problems in Ultisol where melon was grown.
Embrio Nasionalisme Dalam Bahasa dan Sastra
Authors: Susiati Susiati
Published: June 2020

Peran dan fungsi bahasa Indonesia telah dituangkan dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 24 Tahun 2009 tentang Bendera, Bahasa, dan Lambang Negara, serta Lagu Kebangsaan. Keberagaman bahasa di Indonesia perlu dikelola untuk kebutuhan pembangunan sosial, politik, dan ekonomi melalui pendidikan. Sesuai Undang-Undang, penggunaan bahasa asing dan bahasa daerah di ruang publik diperbolehkan. Yang perlu diperhatikan, menurut adalah kesesuaian dengan kondisi dan ranah yang ada, yaitu tetap mengutamakan bahasa Indonesia sebagai bahasa negara karena ruang publik merupakan representasi jati diri bangsa Indonesia yang harus dihormati keberadaannya. “Ruang publik adalah representasi kehadiran negara melalui bahasa negara. Dan bahasa Indonesia harus menjadi tuan rumah di negaranya sendiri. Bahasa daerah harus mampu membentuk generasi muda Indonesia yang sadar akan kebesaran tradisi dan budayanya. Sementara itu, bahasa asing harus mampu menyiapkan generasi muda Indonesia agar mampu bersaing di dunia internasional.
Kepemimpinan pendidikan
Authors: Rahmawati Maulidina
Published: June 2020

Leadership is a complex and unique phenomenon of social interaction, anyone will show leadership behavior when interacting in a format that influences others. Even in personal capacity, in the human body there is capacity or potential as a controller, which essentially facilitates a person to be able to lead himself.
Administrasi keuangan
Authors: Rahmawati Maulidina
Published: June 2020

Definition of finnancinal nadministrnation in the bronadest sense is na policy regnarding the nand use of orgnaniznationnal finnance to renalize the nactivities of the orgnaniznation, where the form of finnancinal mnannagement includes plnanning, regulnation, naccountnability, nand finnancinal supervision
Rekontruksi Internal Bahasa Bugis dan Bahasa Makassar: Linguistik Komparatif
Authors: Susiati Susiati
Published: June 2020

AbstrakBerdasarkan dari hasil pendeksripsian rekontruksi internal pada bahasa bugis dan bahasa Makassar dalam penggunaan kata keterangan waktu, kata penegasan serta suffiks pronomina dapat disimpulkan bahwa: 1) Sufiks pronomina dalam bahasa Bugis dan bahasa Makassar adalah sama; 2) Pada bahasa Bugis tidak terjadi penghilangan antara kata penegasan dengan sufiks pronomina pertama tunggal. Sedangkan dalam bahasa Makassar terjadi penghilangan konsonan /k/ pada sufiks pronominal pertama tunggal [kak] menjadi /ak/; 3) Dalam bahasa Bugis dan bahasa Makassar terjadi konsistensi atau tidak terjadi perubahan dalam penggunaan kata penegasan “benar-benar” pada sufiks pronomina pertama jamak; 4) Dalam bahasa Makassar apabila bertemunya bentuk —ja bergabung dengan sufiks —kak akan diperoleh bentuk —jak. Konsonan /k/ pada —kak luluh sehingga tersisa —ak. Terjadinya penyederhanaan bunyi dari bentuk —ja. Dimana vokal /a/ pada bentuk —ja luluh karena bertemu dengan sufiks -ak pendeskripsiannya adalah vokal /a/ bertemu dengan vokal /a/ akan mengalami penyederhanaan bunyi sehingga vokal /a/ akan luluh; 5) Tidak terjadi penghilangan pada bahasa Bugis, sedangkan pada bahasa Makassar terjadi peleburan fonem /a/ karena pada kata tersebut bertemunya dua vokal rendah /a/ dengan vokal tinggi /i/, sehingga keberadaan fonem /a/ luluh atau lebur karena vokal /i/ keberadaannya lebih power dari pada vokal /a/; 6) Dalam bahasa Bugis dan bahasa Makassar apabila bertemunya bentuk —pa bergabung dengan sufiks —kak dan —kik akan diperoleh bentuk —pak dan -pik . Konsonan /k/ pada —kak dan -kik luluh sehingga tersisa —ak dan -ik. Untuk bentuk —pa yang bergabung dengan sufiks —kik terjadi kaidah peluluhan hanya pada bahasa Bugis. Terjadinya penyederhanaan bunyi dari bentuk —pa . Dimana vokal /a/ pada bentuk —pa luluh karena bertemu dengan sufiks -ak dan —ik pendeskripsiannya adalah vokal /a/ bertemu dengan vokal /a/ akan mengalami penyederhanaan bunyi sehingga vokal /a/ akan luluh. Selanjutnya terjadi peleburan vokal /a/ pada bentuk -pa karena bertemu dengan sufiks —ik. Dimana jika vokal /a/ bertemu dengan vokal /i/, maka vokal /a/ akan lebur atau luluh; Keyword: rekontruski, internal, bahasa Bugis, bahasa makassar
Teori dan Aliran Linguistik: Tata Bahasa Generatif
Authors: Susiati Susiati
Published: June 2020

Teori dan Aliran Linguistik (Tata Bahasa Generatif) mendeskripsikan cara kerja teori-teori aliran linguistik khususnya cara kerja tata bahasa generatif. Hal ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pemahaman kepada para pembaca terhadap cara kerja tata bahasa generatif. Penulis merangkum materi ini berdasarkan pada beberapa sumber buku panduan.
CASP12 is differentially expressed in high-grade serous ovarian cancers.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: June 2020

Ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynecologic cancer (1). To identify genes associated with high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSC), we used published microarray data (2, 3) to compare global gene expression profiles of the normal ovary with that of primary tumors from women diagnosed with HGSC. We identified caspase-12 (CASP12) (4) as among the genes whose expression was most quantitatively different in HGSC ovarian tumors. CASP12 expression was decreased in ovarian tumors when compared to normal ovary. These data indicate that CASP12 might be relevant to the biology of high-grade serous ovarian cancers.
Effort shapes social cognition and behaviour: a neuro-cognitive framework
Authors: Contreras-Huerta Luis Sebastian , Pisauro M. Andrea , Apps Matthew A J
Published: June 2020

Theoretical accounts typically posit that variability in social behaviour is a function of capacity limits. We argue that many social behaviours are goal-directed and effortful, and thus variability is not just a function of capacity, but also motivation. Leveraging recent work examining the cognitive, computational and neural basis of effort processing, we put forward a framework for motivated social cognition. We argue that social cognition is demanding, people avoid its effort costs, and a core-circuit of brain areas that guides effort-based decisions in non-social situations may similarly evaluate whether social behaviours are worth the effort. Thus, effort sensitivity dissociates capacity limits from social motivation, and may be a driver of individual differences and pathological impairments in social cognition.
The Selective Communication of Political Information
Authors: Ekstrom Pierce D. , Lai Calvin K.
Published: June 2020

People seek out and interpret political information in self-serving ways. In four experiments, we show that people are similarly self-serving in the political information they share with others. Participants learned about positive and negative effects of increasing the minimum wage (in Studies 1-3) or of banning assault weapons (Study 4). They then indicated how likely they would be to mention each effect to close others. Participants were more inclined to share information that was consistent with their political orientation than information that was not. This effect persisted even when participants believed the information, suggesting that selective communication is not just a reflection of motivated skepticism. We also observed ideological differences. Liberals were most biased with their political opponents, whereas conservatives were most biased with their political allies. This biased information sharing could distort the flow of political information through social networks in ways that exacerbate political polarization.
Parallel and serial processes in number-to-quantity conversion
Authors: Dotan Dror , Dehaene Stanislas
Published: June 2020

Converting a multi-digit number to quantity requires processing not only the digits but also the number’s decimal structure, thus raising several issues. First, are all the digits processed in parallel, or serially from left to right? Second, given that the same digit, at different places, can represent different quantities (e.g., “2” can mean 2, 20, etc.), how is each digit assigned to its correct decimal role? We presented participants with two-digit numbers and asked them to point at the corresponding locations on a number line, while we recorded their pointing trajectory. Crucially, on some trials, the decade and unit digits did not appear simultaneously. When the decade digit was delayed, the decade effect on finger movement was delayed by the same amount. However, a lag in presenting the unit digit delayed the unit effect by 35 ms less than the lag duration, a pattern reminiscent of the psychological refractory period, indicating an idle time window of 35 ms in the units processing pathway. When a lag transiently caused a display of just one digit on screen, the unit effect increased and the decade effect decreased, suggesting errors in binding digits to decimal roles. We propose that a serial bottleneck is imposed by the creation of a syntactic frame for the multidigit number, a process launched by the leftmost digit. All other stages, including the binding of digits to decimal roles, quantification, and merging them into a whole-number quantity, appear to operate in parallel across digits, suggesting a remarkable degree of parallelism in expert readers.
Mental health outcomes of adults with comorbidity and chronic diseases during the COVID-19 pandemic: a matched case-control study
Authors: Sayeed Abu , Kundu Satyajit , Banna Hasan Al , Christopher Enryka , Hasan M Tasdik , Begum Musammet Rasheda , Chowdhury Sukanta , Khan Shafiqul Islam
Published: June 2020

Background: Individuals with certain pre-existing chronic health conditions have been identified as a high-risk group for fatalities of COVID-19. Therefore, it is likely that individuals with chronic diseases may worry during this pandemic to the detriment of their mental health. This study compares the mental health of Bangladeshi adults affected by chronic disease to a healthy, matched control group during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: A matched case–control analysis was performed with data collected from 395 respondents with chronic diseases and 395 controls matched for age, gender and residence. Inclusion criteria for cases were respondents who self-reported having asthma, cardiovascular symptoms and/or diabetes. Respondents were recruited using an online survey, which included the DASS-21 measure to assess stress, anxiety, and depression. Chi-square tests, Fisher’s exact tests and a conditional logistic regression were performed to examine associations among variables.Results: The prevalence estimates of stress, anxiety and depression were significantly higher among cases (73.7%; 59%; 71.6%, respectively) than among controls (43.3%; 25.6%; 31.1%). Chi-square tests showed significant associations between having chronic diseases and mental health outcomes. A conditional logistic regression showed that respondents with asthma, diabetes, cardiovascular symptoms, or any combination of these diseases had higher odds of feeling stress, anxiety, and depression than healthy individuals. Conclusion: These results underscore a subpopulation vulnerable to mental health consequences during this pandemic and indicate the need for additional mental health resources to be available to those with chronic diseases.
Formalizing interdisciplinary collaboration in the CogSci community
Authors: Oey Lauren A. , Destefano Isabella , Brockbank Erik , Vul Edward
Published: June 2020

Is cognitive science interdisciplinary or multidisciplinary? We contribute to this debate by examining the authorship structure and topic similarity of contributions to the Cognitive Science Society from 2000 to 2019. We compare findings from CogSci to abstracts from the Vision Science Society over the same time frame. Our analysis focuses on graph theoretic features of the co-authorship network—edge density, transitivity, and maximum subgraph size—as well as clustering within the topic space of CogSci contributions. We also combine structural and semantic information with an analysis of homophily. We validate this approach by predicting new collaborations in this year’s CogSci proceedings. Our results suggest that cognitive science has become increasingly interdisciplinary in the last 19 years. More broadly, we argue that a formal quantitative approach which combines structural co-authorship information and semantic topic analysis provides inroads to questions about the level of interdisciplinary collaboration in the cognitive science community.
Lancashire Dialect Examination in Elizabeth Gaskell’s Mary Barton
Authors: AZZOUZ Amina , Reguig-Mouro Wassila Hamza
Published: June 2020

Dialect and sociolinguistics have a mutual relationship considering language, with its varieties, a tool of characterization; one’s speech expresses one’s age, cultural and educational level, gender, social class, ethnic group, etc. Literature is the artistic field that holds all existing language diversities. Hence, some authors (like Dickens and Gaskell, and many others) embrace dialect employment in standard literary works stressing on its aesthetic function. The concern in this paper is on the novel Gaskell Mary Barton (1848), where Lancashire’s dialect is generously used. So, what does literary dialect means? What is the scope of Lancashire, and what are its features? How did Gaskell employ it? This paper aims at highlighting the phenomenon of literary dialect and how authors use it to achieve authenticity.
Challenges in Combining Indigenous and Scientific Knowledge in the Arctic
Authors: Lauter Olga
Published: June 2020

A “co-production of knowledge” transdisciplinary approach connects different systems of knowledge that are in collaboration with each other. The transdisciplinarity presupposes bringing natural, social sciences and Indigenous knowledge together. Education research in the Arctic plays a key role in bridging Western science and Indigenous knowledge systems, as it seeks for methods to integrate Indigenous knowledge systems into schools and postsecondary institutions to develop sustainability. Even though Indigenous knowledge systems are considered to be essential for sustainable development and environmental management (Athayde et al. 2017), connections between Indigenous peoples, scientists, politicians are not yet sufficiently elaborated (Raymond at al. 2010). This paper examines several observations carried out during an ethnographic field work on urban Indigenous identity preservation and well-being in Anchorage, Alaska. The fieldwork in progress is being implemented in collaboration with the urban Yupik population. It throws light on challenges that might hinder the synthesis of Indigenous knowledge and Western science. For instance, one of the challenges under consideration has been that, while permissions to carry out participant observations were always easily obtained, allowing for building relationships and trust, the target population was, in most cases, reluctant when asked to be interviewed. While searching for the reasons of the unwillingness to participate in interviews, it became clear that the Alaska Native People do not trust researchers coming to work with them for a short period of time. Hence, long fieldworks should be implemented in order to have time to build trust. Another reason indicated is that the Alaska Native People learn through observing and listening to Elders, they do not like to consider themselves as experts. Thus, being interviewed is considered as showing expertise (Augusta Reimer, personal communication 2019). The observations examined in this paper will contribute to further understanding of differences in learning between Arctic Indigenous and Western knowledge systems.
Trust and trustworthiness after negative random shocks
Authors: Bejarano Hernan , Gillet Joris , Lara Ismael Rodríguez
Published: June 2020

We investigate experimentally the effect of a negative endowment shock in a trust game to assess whether different causes of inequality have different effects on trust and trustworthiness. In our trust game there may be inequality in favor of the second mover and this may (or may not) be the result of a negative random shock (i.e., the outcome of a die roll) that decreases the endowment of the first-mover. Our findings suggest that inequality leads to differences in behavior. First-movers send more of their endowment and second-movers return more when there is inequality. However, we do not find support for the hypothesis that the cause of the inequality matters. Behavior after the occurrence of a random shock is not significantly different from the behavior when the inequality exists from the outset. Our results highlight that we have to be cautious when interpreting the effects on trust and trustworthiness of negative random shocks that occur in the field (e.g., natural disasters). Our results suggest that these effects are largely driven by the inequality caused by the shock and not by any of the additional characteristics of the shock like saliency or uncertainty.
Evaluasi Fungsi Fisik dan Toleransi Pohon Tepi Jalan terhadap Polusi Udara di Lingkar Luar Kebun Raya Bogor
Authors: Febrianti Andrea Mustika
Published: June 2020

Lanskap jalan merupakan fasilitas penunjang untuk para pengendara motor. Aktifitas pada lanskap jalan tidak lepas dari penggunaan kendaraan. Pembakaran bahan bakar pada kendaraan menyebabkan terjadinya pencemaran udara karena menghasilkan zat pencemar udara. Pohon sebagai salah satu bagian lanskap jalan menjadi salah satu elemen ekologi yang penting untuk lingkungan dan mahluk hidup. Pohon yang ditanam ditanam di pinggir jalan atau yang biasa disebut pohon tepi jalan sebaiknya dapat mengakomodasi fungsi ekologi sebagai penyerap polusi. Sayangnya, tidak semua pohon sesuai sebagai pohon tepi jalan, salah satu hal yang dapat dinilai kesesuaiannya ada fungsi fisik dan toleransi pohon terhadap zat polusi udara. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi kesesuaian fisik pohon dalam segi mennyerap polusi gas dan menjerap polusi partikel serta toleransinya tehadap polusi udara. Metode yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif dengan membandingkan keadaan fungsi fisik pohon di lapangan dengan literatur yang tersedia, untuk pengukuran toleransi menggunakan metode Air Polution Tolerance Index (APTI). Diketahui dari data yang diperoleh, Lingkar Luar Kebun Raya Bogor zat polutan yang sudah diatas baku mutu ialah Pb dan H2S. Dari hasil penelitian ditemukan dari total populasi bahwa sebanyak 78,5% pohon sangat sesuai dalam sebagai penyerap polusi gas, sebanyak 4,2% sangat sesuai sebagai penjerap polusi partikel dan 77,4% sesuai sebagi penjerap polusi partikel. Untuk tingkat toleransi sebanyak 62,3% memiliki tingkat toleransi sedang dan sebanyak 35,6% memiliki tingkat toleransi sensitif.
Sen i jego funkcje w wybranych utworach Hansa Christiana Andersena
Authors: Kocha Sandra
Published: June 2020

The article aims at analysing the motif of dream and its function in fairy tales and stories by Hans Christian Andersen. The Dannish author wrote during the Romantic era when the unconscious was of great interest to the creators of all kind. It was widely acknowledged then that dreams are a gateway to a hidden reality, and therefore, they constituted a great creative material. In Andersen’s work, the oneiric narrative abounds, for instance in Little Ida’s Flowers and The Little Match Girl, and dreams perform multitudinoulsy functions, from familiarizing children with death, to unveiling fears. The examples of dreams presented in the article indicate to the fact that Andersen’s oeuvre was addressed not only to children, but also adults.
Mind control at distance of an electronic device: a proof-of-concept preregistered study
Authors: Tressoldi Patrizio E
Published: June 2020

This study was aimed at verifying the possibility of mentally influencing from a distance an electronic device based on a True Random Number Generator (TRNG).Thirteen adult participants contributed to 100 trials, each comprised of three samples of data each of 15 minutes’ duration: one for pre-mental interaction, one for mental interaction, and one for post- mental interaction.For each of these three samples, at the end of each minute, the data sequence generated by the random number generator was analysed with the Frequency and Runs test, in order to determine the reduction of the degree of randomness of the sequence.Further 100 trials of three samples each of the same duration, were collected as control of the spontaneous functioning of the device.The only evidence of an effect of distant mental interaction is an increase of approximately 50%, with respect to control data, of the number of samples within which the pre-determined statistical threshold for the detection of a reduction of the randomness was surpassed in both tests.Although the effect of distant mental interaction is still weak, we believe that the results of this study represent a proof-of-concept for the construction of electronic devices susceptible to distant mental influence.