bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Transcriptional Profiling of Hydrogen Production Metabolism of Rhodobacter capsulatus under Temperature Stress by Microarray Analysis
Authors: Gürgan Muazzez , Erkal Nilüfer , Özgür Ebru , Gündüz Ufuk , Eroglu Inci , Yücel Meral
Published: June 2015

Biohydrogen is a clean and renewable form of hydrogen, which can be produced by photosynthetic bacteria in outdoor large-scale photobioreactors using sunlight. In this study, the transcriptional response of Rhodobacter capsulatus to cold (4 °C) and heat (42 °C) stress was studied using microarrays. Bacteria were grown in 30/2 acetate/glutamate medium at 30 °C for 48 h under continuous illumination. Then, cold and heat stresses were applied for two and six hours. Growth and hydrogen production were impaired under both stress conditions. Microarray chips for R. capsulatus were custom designed by Affymetrix (GeneChip®. TR_RCH2a520699F). The numbers of significantly changed genes were 328 and 293 out of 3685 genes under cold and heat stress, respectively. Our results indicate that temperature stress greatly affects the hydrogen production metabolisms of R. capsulatus. Specifically, the expression of genes that participate in nitrogen metabolism, photosynthesis and the electron transport system were induced by cold stress, while decreased by heat stress. Heat stress also resulted in down regulation of genes related to cell envelope, transporter and binding proteins. Transcriptome analysis and physiological results were consistent with each other. The results presented here may aid clarification of the genetic mechanisms for hydrogen production in purple non-sulfur (PNS) bacteria under temperature stress.
Identifying Similar Patterns of Structural Flexibility in Proteins by Disorder Prediction and Dynamic Programming
Authors: Petrovich Aidan , Borne Adam , Uversky Vladimir , Xue Bin
Published: June 2015

Computational methods are prevailing in identifying protein intrinsic disorder. The results from predictors are often given as per-residue disorder scores. The scores describe the disorder propensity of amino acids of a protein and can be further represented as a disorder curve. Many proteins share similar patterns in their disorder curves. The similar patterns are often associated with similar functions and evolutionary origins. Therefore, finding and characterizing specific patterns of disorder curves provides a unique and attractive perspective of studying the function of intrinsically disordered proteins. In this study, we developed a new computational tool named IDalign using dynamic programming. This tool is able to identify similar patterns among disorder curves, as well as to present the distribution of intrinsic disorder in query proteins. The disorder-based information generated by IDalign is significantly different from the information retrieved from classical sequence alignments. This tool can also be used to infer functions of disordered regions and disordered proteins. The web server of IDalign is available at (http://labs.cas.usf.edu/bioinfo/service.html).
Characterization of a Pre-Clinical Mini-Pig Model of Scaphoid Non-Union
Authors: Behrends Dominique , Khendek Leticia , Gao Chan , Zayed Nadia , Henderson Janet , Martineau Paul
Published: June 2015

A fractured scaphoid is a common disabling injury that is frequently complicated by non-union. The treatment of non-union remains challenging because of the scaphoid’s small size and delicate blood supply. Large animal models are the most reliable method to evaluate the efficacy of new treatment modalities before their translation into clinical practice. The goal of this study was to model a human scaphoid fracture complicated by non-union in Yucatan mini-pigs. Imaging and perfusion studies were used to confirm that the anatomy and blood supply of the radiocarpal bone in mini-pigs were similar to the human scaphoid. A 3 mm osteotomy of the radiocarpal bone was generated and treated with immediate fixation or filled with a dense collagen gel followed by delayed fixation. Bone healing was assessed using quantitative micro computed tomography and histology. With immediate fixation, the osteotomy site was filled with new bone across its whole length resulting in complete bridging. The dense collagen gel, previously shown to impede neo-vascularization, followed by delayed fixation resulted in impaired bridging with less bone of lower quality. This model is an appropriate, easily reproducible model for the evaluation of novel approaches for the repair of human scaphoid fractures.
1-[3-(2-Methyl-4-phenylquinolin-3-yl)-5-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-propane-1-one
Authors: Kedjadja Allaoua , Kolli Elhadj , Bouraiou Abdelmalek , Merdes Rachid
Published: June 2015

A novel compound, 1-[3-(2-methyl-4-phenylquinolin-3-yl)-5-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-propane-1-one (3) has been synthesized by cyclocondensation of (E)-1-(2-methyl-4-phenylquinolin-3-yl)-3-phenylprop-2-en-1-one (2) and hydrazine hydrate in propionic acid. The structure of this compound was established by elemental analysis, IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and MS data.
Development of the Social Inventory Database in Thailand Using Input–Output Analysis
Authors: Papong Seksan , Itsubo Norihiro , Malakul Pomthong , Shukuya Masanori
Published: June 2015

The social life cycle assessment (S-LCA) is a technique for assessing social impact and potential impact that aims to evaluate the social and socio-economic aspects of products and their potential for both positive and negative impacts along their life cycle. The lack of a quantitative inventory data for social issues is a weakness of the S-LCA methodology to calculate social impacts. This study aims to establish a social inventory database in Thailand using input–output (IO) modeling. The 2005 economic IO table of Thailand is used in this study. The six different social issues are calculated for both direct and indirect social intensity. The social issues include employment, number of female employees, working hours, wages and salaries, and non-fatal and fatal occupational cases. The results indicate that the primary sector has the highest social intensity in terms of employment, female employment, and working hour intensity. Meanwhile, the secondary sector was higher in non-fatal occupational cases intensity than other sectors. For wages intensity, the results show that the government sector was higher than other sectors, it being labor intensive and of low economic value. In addition, the fatal occupational cases shows the highest intensity in the non-metallic mining, fertilizer and pesticides, and construction sectors. In terms of total social impacts or social footprints, the wholesale and retail trade sector had the highest impact for almost all social issues due to the higher final demand in this sector.
La végétation du Massif Central depuis 15 000 ans (The history of the vegetation in the Massif Central for 15000 years)
Authors: de Beaulieu J. L. , Pons A. , Reille Maurice
Published: June 2015

Abstract. - This paper is a synthesis of the history of vegetation at Late - and Postglacial times in the french Massif Central, after pollen analysis. It contents the diagram of Ribains (Haute-Loire, fig. 1), and the history of some major arboreal taxa (fig. 2). This history permits a better knowledge of the present flora genesis, with its anthropic components.
Les paysages végétaux d'Artense au Tardiglaciaire et à l'Holocène (Vegetal landscapes in the Artense region during Late-glacial and Holocene)
Authors: Vergne Virginie
Published: June 2015

Abstract. - The history of the vegetal landscapes of the Artense region, during Late-Glacial and Holocene, is being described on the basis of a network of new pollinic analysis and geomorphological data. These late-glacial landscapes are similar throughout all the sites in the Massif Central. However, the influence of humain activities is less marked in this region.
La façade atlantique des Etats-Unis, bordure continentale d'une vieille marge passive (The atlantic provinces of the U.S., the continental edge of an old passive margin)
Authors: Battiau-Queney Yvonne
Published: June 2015

Abstract. - The regional physiographic framework appears simple with a series of northeast trending units roughly parallel to the edge of the continental shelf. Among them, the Piedmont and Coastal Plain are relatively low regions. In fact, the crustal structure is more complex : crystalline rocks of the Blue Ridge and inner Piedmont were thrust over shelf sediments belonging to the late Precambrian/early Paleozoic continental passive margin of the North American craton. This palaeomargin has the trend of a strong gravity gradient. The US Atlantic provinces have been marked by compressional tectonism soon after the opening of the ocean. It is presumed that horizontal stresses could leap to creep processes directed from the ocean to the continent in the lower ductile crust and upper mantle of the Coastal Plain and eastern Piedmont. Creep movement might be blocked against the thicker and cooler proto-American crust. This could be the long-duration mechanism able to explain the sustained uplift of the Blue Ridge and the relatively stable position of the Blue Ridge Scarp above the Piedmont because it is controlled mainly by the deep crustal properties.
Les pentes continentales des marges passives. Le cas de l'Atlantique du Nord-Est (The continental slopes of passive margins. The case of the NE Atlantic)
Authors: Regnauld Hervé , Thomas Yves-F.
Published: June 2015

Abstract. - Continental slopes of passive margins are the most persistent physiographic province from rifting periods to open ocean phase. Thought, models that describe them according to their age do not explain accurately their morphology : either they introduce cycles, either they neglect structural diversity. The morphological originality of these slopes appears better by pointing out feed back effects between structural evolution and sedimentary dynamics. This approach allows to link plate tectonics and climatic changes by the mean of submarine and surface currents shifts.
L'après-séisme de 1980 en Basilicate (Post-seism of 1980 in Basilicata)
Authors: Bergeron Robert
Published: June 2015

Abstract. - Lucanian highlanders must live with seismic hazard. Because they can't forecast it, they must anticipate damages. For this, there is a new coherent policy of rebuilding, and socio-economic reviving, but all the results are not still sufficient.
The Tetramerium lineage (Acanthaceae: Justicieae) does not support the Pleistocene Arc hypothesis for South American seasonally dry forests
Authors: Côrtes Ana Luiza A. , Rapini Alessandro , Daniel Thomas F.
Published: June 2015

• Premise of the study: The Tetramerium lineage (Acanthaceae) presents a striking ecological structuring in South America, with groups concentrated in moist forests or in seasonally dry forests. In this study, we investigate the circumscription and relationships of the South American genera as a basis for better understanding historic interactions between dry and moist biomes in the Neotropics.

• Methods: We dated the ancestral distribution of the Tetramerium lineage based on one nuclear and four plastid DNA regions. Maximum parsimony, maximum likelihood, and Bayesian inference analyses were performed for this study using 104 terminals. Phylogenetic divergences were dated using a relaxed molecular clock approach and ancestral distributions obtained from dispersal‐vicariance analyses.

• Key results: The genera Pachystachys, Schaueria, and Thyrsacanthus are nonmonophyletic. A dry forest lineage dispersed from North America to South America and reached the southwestern part of the continent between the end of the Miocene and beginning of the Pleistocene. This period coincides with the segregation between Amazonian and Atlantic moist forests that established the geographic structure currently found in the group.

• Conclusions: The South American genera Pachystachys, Schaueria, and Thyrsacanthus need to be recircumscribed. The congruence among biogeographical events found for the Tetramerium lineage suggests that the dry forest centers currently dispersed throughout South America are relatively old remnants, probably isolated since the Neogene, much earlier than the Last Glacial Maximum postulated by the Pleistocene Arc hypothesis. In addition to exploring the Pleistocene Arc hypothesis, this research also informs evolution in a lineage with numerous geographically restricted and threatened species.
Description and Consequences of Prescribing Off-Label Antiretrovirals in the Madrid Cohort of HIV-Infected Children over a Quarter of a Century (1988–2012)
Authors: Fernández-Cooke Elisa , Rojas Patricia , Holguin Africa , Tomé Maria Isabel Gonzalez , De Ory Santiago Jimenez , Mellado Maria José , Navarro Maria Luisa , Rojo Pablo , Ramos Jose Tomás
Published: June 2015

Background

Licensing data for paediatric dosing is often sparse and subsequent studies may result in changes to recommended doses. We measured the extent and consequences of off-label antiretroviral (ARV) use in an HIV-infected paediatric cohort.

Methods

In this multicentre cohort study involving 318 HIV-infected children and adolescents from the Madrid Cohort, all off-label prescriptions from March 1988 to March 2012 were recorded from the clinical records. The reasons for prescribing ARV off-label, the side effects and the consequences of incorrect dosing of ARVs are discussed.

Results

Among the 318 patients of the cohort, 221 (69%) received off-label ARVs according to EMA licensing at the time of prescription, representing 23% (540) of the 2,353 prescribed ARVs. The main reason for starting an off-label drug was treatment failure. Adverse events led to treatment discontinuation in 12% of the prescriptions. Problems taking the drug led to withdrawal in 5%, more likely when formulation was not suitable for age ( P<0.05). Up to 10% were overdosed and 10% underdosed, defined as 25% above or below the current recommended dose, respectively. Treatment failure occurred significantly more frequently among underdosed compared to overdosed patients (50% versus 26%; P<0.05).

Conclusions

Off-label use of ARVs was common in our HIV-1 paediatric patients. Adverse events were common but rarely led to withdrawal. Suitable formulation is important in younger children. Pharmacokinetic studies are needed as frequent incorrect dosing may occur when prescribing off-label and underdosing may lead to treatment failure.
Hook Wire Localization Procedure and Early Detection of Breast Cancer - Our Experience
Authors: Jakimovska Dimitrovska Maja , Mitreska Nadica , Lazareska Menka , Stojovska Jovanovska Elizabeta , Dodevski Ace , Stojkoski Aleksandar
Published: June 2015

AIM: The purpose of this study is to describe our experience with needle localization technique in diagnosing small breast cancers.MATERIAL AND METHODS: This retrospective study included a hundred and twenty patientsâ€™ with impalpable breast lesions and they underwent wire localization. All patients had mammography, ultrasound exam and pathohystological results. We use mammomat Mammomat Inspiration Siemens digital unit for diagnosing mammography, machine - Lorad Affinity with fenestrated compressive pad for wire localization and ultrasound machine Acuson X300 with linear array probe 10 MhZ. We use two types of wire: Bard hook wire and Kopans breast lesion localization needle, Cook. Comparative radiologic and pathologic data were collected and analyzed.RESULTS: In 120 asymptomatic women, 68 malignancies and 52 benign findings were detected with mammography and ultrasound. The mean age for patients with malignancy was 58.6 years. According BI-RADS classification for mammography the distribution is our group was: BI-RADS 3 was presented in 6 (8.82%) patients, BI-RADS 4 was presented in 56 (82.35%) patients and BI-RADS 5 was present in 6 (8.82%) of the patients. Most wire localizations were performed under mammographic guidance in 58 from 68 patients with malignant lesions (85.29%) and with ultrasound in 10 (14.7%). According the mammographic findings patients with mass on mammograms were 29 (42.65%), mass with calcifications 9 (13.23%), calcifications 20 (29.41%) and architectural distortions or asymmetry 10 (14.71%).CONCLUSION: Wire localization is a well established technique for the management of impalpable breast lesions.
Combined Adiponectin Deficiency and Resistance in Obese Patients: Can It Solve Part of the Puzzle in Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis
Authors: Salman Ahmed , Hegazy Mona , AbdElfadl Soheir
Published: June 2015

BACKGROUND: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become the most prevalent cause of liver disease, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and fibrosis in obese patients identifies the risk group with increased incidence of liver-related deaths.AIM: To clarify the role of serum adiponectin and its receptor liver gene expression in the progression of liver damage in NAFLD.METHODS: Fifty four (54) obese patients with NAFLD preliminary diagnosed by liver ultra-sound were recruited. Full medical history, anthropometric measurement, biochemical studies, serum adiponectin level, liver biopsy for histological examination and NAS score to identify NASH patients, and assessment of adiponectin receptor gene expression by RT-PCR, were conducted for each patients. Fifteen ages matched average weight healthy adult had been chosen as a control for serum adiponectin level.RESULTS: According to NAS score, patients were divided into non- NASH (8 patients), and NASH (46 patients). Serum adiponectin level was significantly lower in NAFLD patients compared to normal participants (p < 0.004). Serum adiponectin level was lower in NASH patients (4.437 Â± 2.569 ng/dl in NASH vs. 5.138 Â± 2.841 ng/dl in non-NASH). Adiponectin receptor liver gene expression was lower in NASH patients (0.8459 Â± 0.4671 vs. 1.0688 Â± 0.3965 in non-NASH).CONCLUSION: Both adiponectin deficiency and resistance had a role in progression of simple liver steatosis to severe injury in obese patients.
Evaluation of C-Reactive Protein in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: Simonovska Ljiljana , Ahmeti Irfan , Mitreski Vladimir
Published: June 2015

BACKGROUND: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is associated with evidence of systemic oxidative stress, activation of circulating inflammatory cells and increased plasma level of proinflamatory cytokines which include C-reactive protein (CRP). CRP is one biomarker of extrapulmonary or systemic consequences of COPD that can be detected.AIM: The aim of this research is to determine whether the level of CRP statistically significantly correlates with the level of bronchial obstruction and the accompanying co-morbidities in patients with COPD.MATERIAL AND METHODS: This study included 80 patients with exacerbation of COPD, hospitalised at the Institute for Lung Diseases and Tuberculosis in Skopje. We measured the level of CRP in the blood in all of these patients in fasting conditions. The classification of COPD patients by the severity of airflow limitation was made according to the actual version of the Global initiative for chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD). The Studentâ€™s Independent Samples t-test was used for the statistic analysis of the data.RESULTS: In 52 (65%) of the patients with exacerbation of COPD we detected an increase of the mean value of CRP. The statistical analysis using the Studentâ€™s t-test showed statistically significant differences in the mean value of CRP in patients with different level of bronchial obstruction. Hypertension, heart failure, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, coronary disease, and CVI were confirmed as co-morbidities in 45 (73.1%) of the patients, hypertension being the most frequent one (40%). The statistical analysis using the Studentâ€™s t-test showed statistically significant difference of the mean value of CRP (p< 0.01) depending on the number of co-morbidities.CONCLUSION: In 52 (65%) of the patients with exacerbation of COPD, were detected an increase of the mean value of CRP. The mean values of CRP statistically significantly correlate with the level of bronchial obstruction and the number of co-morbidities in patients with COPD.
Participation in Leisure Activities by Children and Adolescents with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis
Authors: Cavallo Sabrina , Majnemer Annette , Duffy Ciarán M. , Ehrmann Feldman Debbie
Published: June 2015

Objective.

To describe leisure activities of children and adolescents with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) in terms of diversity, intensity, and enjoyment, and to identify potential determinants.

Methods.

One hundred seven children and adolescents aged 8–17 years diagnosed with JIA and their families participated in this cross-sectional study. Participants answered the Children’s Assessment of Participation and Enjoyment, which measures involvement in leisure (recreation, active physical, social, skill-based, self-improvement). Disease characteristics and sociodemographic factors were abstracted from the child’s medical file.

Results.

In terms of intensity, individuals with JIA were more often engaged in informal rather than formal leisure activities [t(106) = 45.5, p < 0.0001]. When intensity scores were compared across activity type, results showed that participants with JIA were most often involved in social and recreational activities (p < 0.001). The level of enjoyment was highest for social activities and lowest for self-improvement activities (p < 0.001). Those with active arthritis displayed less diverse (p = 0.016) and less intense (p = 0.011) participation in active physical activities, and less frequent involvement in informal activities (p = 0.043) compared with those who were asymptomatic.

Conclusion.

Children and adolescents with JIA tend to participate more in sedentary types of activities. Greater disease activity may dissuade children and adolescents from participating in more active pursuits, which places them at greater risk for adopting sedentary lifestyles. The identification of determinants of leisure activities in children and adolescents with arthritis may allow healthcare professionals to assess children’s health needs with more precision and promote a healthier lifestyle.
Toward Ensuring Health Equity: Readability and Cultural Equivalence of OMERACT Patient-reported Outcome Measures
Authors: Petkovic Jennifer , Epstein Jonathan , Buchbinder Rachelle , Welch Vivian , Rader Tamara , Lyddiatt Anne , Clerehan Rosemary , Christensen Robin , Boonen Annelies , Goel Niti , Maxwell Lara J. , Toupin-April Karine , De Wit Maarten , Barton Jennifer , Flurey Caroline , Jull Janet , Barnabe Cheryl , Sreih Antoine G. , Campbell Willemina , Pohl Christoph , Duruöz Mehmet Tuncay , Singh Jasvinder A. , Tugwell Peter S. , Guillemin Francis
Published: June 2015

Objective.

The goal of the Outcome Measures in Rheumatology (OMERACT) 12 (2014) equity working group was to determine whether and how comprehensibility of patient-reported outcome measures (PROM) should be assessed, to ensure suitability for people with low literacy and differing cultures.

Methods.

The English, Dutch, French, and Turkish Health Assessment Questionnaires and English and French Osteoarthritis Knee and Hip Quality of Life questionnaires were evaluated by applying 3 readability formulas: Flesch Reading Ease, Flesch-Kincaid grade level, and Simple Measure of Gobbledygook; and a new tool, the Evaluative Linguistic Framework for Questionnaires, developed to assess text quality of questionnaires. We also considered a study assessing cross-cultural adaptation with/without back-translation and/or expert committee. The results of this preconference work were presented to the equity working group participants to gain their perspectives on the importance of comprehensibility and cross-cultural adaptation for PROM.

Results.

Thirty-one OMERACT delegates attended the equity session. Twenty-six participants agreed that PROM should be assessed for comprehensibility and for use of suitable methods (4 abstained, 1 no). Twenty-two participants agreed that cultural equivalency of PROM should be assessed and suitable methods used (7 abstained, 2 no). Special interest group participants identified challenges with cross-cultural adaptation including resources required, and suggested patient involvement for improving translation and adaptation.

Conclusion.

Future work will include consensus exercises on what methods are required to ensure PROM are appropriate for people with low literacy and different cultures.
Les Jmj et les météores : auto-ethnographie sensible d’une journée aux Quatre Vents
Authors: Mobio Francis
Published: June 2015

À l’occasion des Journées Mondiales de la Jeunesse ( Jmj ) organisées par l’Église catholique à Madrid en août 2011, l’auteur cherche à rendre compte de son expérience de terrain en tant qu’ethnographe privilégiant le caméscope et l’appareil photo comme outil de recherche. Il interroge les manières de documenter visuellement une mobilisation de masse et s’interroge sur les modes de présentation académiques des images qu’il fabrique.
L’évaluation et le mérite au travail : un puérilisme ?
Authors: Girardot Dominique
Published: June 2015

Les thèses d’ Homo ludens sont ici reprises pour envisager les pratiques actuelles de l’évaluation au travail comme un jeu de culture, emblématique de ce que Huizinga pointe comme « puérilisme » : rapport dégradé de la culture au jeu qui la fonde. C’est un jeu paradoxal, qui prétend ne pas jouer, c’est-à-dire ne pas engager une certaine représentation du monde. Il s’affirme donc dans le registre de la tricherie car il prétend évaluer sans poser de valeurs : constater (l’efficacité, l’effort, le mérite) et non juger. Les pratiques actuelles de l’évaluation au travail placent le jugement hors-jeu. Comme s’il n’y avait aucune décision humaine à l’amont des logiques qui conduisent à licencier, précariser et exclure ; comme si, loin d’avoir à en penser quelque chose, il s’agissait seulement de les regarder fonctionner. Ce jeu social, déniant être un jeu, convie les hommes à ne plus savoir ce qu’ils font, et joue en définitive le jeu d’une société où bien des hommes sont en trop.
Le processus d’encastrement et de désencastrement des enchères de bois public
Authors: Marty Gérard
Published: June 2015

Dans cet article, nous analysons la dynamique du processus d’ encastrement-désencastrement à l’œuvre dans les ventes aux enchères de bois public en France. Nous y indiquons les conditions et les formes de coordination élaborées par les acheteurs locaux pour s’y répartir les lots. Nous y montrons néanmoins que, sous l’effet de facteurs économiques et non économiques, le cadre institutionnel formel, construit par l’Office national des forêts (ONF), permet toutefois de réintroduire plus de concurrence durant la vente. Cette description du rapport de forces existant entre les lois du marché et les normes sociales de répartition est alors l’occasion de démontrer que les ententes n’entrent pas nécessairement en contradiction avec les intérêts des vendeurs. En effet, elles offrent, en particulier en période de crise économique, une plus grande stabilité à l’ensemble de la filière forêt-bois.
Derniers hommages à l’optimisme stratégique d’Ulrich Beck (1944-2015)
Authors: Vandenberghe Frédéric
Published: June 2015

Cet article retrace, dans toute sa profondeur et sa complexité, le parcours du sociologue allemand Ulrich Beck, dont les apports précieux excèdent bien largement son ouvrage le plus connu, notamment en France, La Société du risque .
Mort d’un maître-penseur : Roy Bhaskar (1944-2014)
Authors: Vandenberghe Frédéric
Published: June 2015

Cet article est un hommage au philosophe britannique Roy Bhaskar, tenu pour l’un des principaux épistémologues contemporain des sciences sociales, fondateur du réalisme critique, mouvement théorique à peu près inconnu en France.
Hommage à Ernesto Laclau (1935-2014). Réinventer l’émancipation démocratique
Authors: Vitiello Audric
Published: June 2015

Cet article, en hommage à Ernesto Laclau, infiniment mieux connu et reconnu à l’étranger qu’en France, rappelle toute l’importance et l’originalité du parcours théorique du philosophe politique argentin.
Watching "Dallas" again 3: Reassessing Ien Ang's "Watching Dallas"
Authors: Heesakkers Toon , Van Hoof Ward , Jager Anne , Gilroy Amanda
Published: June 2015

This audience reception project performs an audience study of the first season of the new Dallas (2012–14). It draws on Ien Ang's Watching Dallas ([1982] 1985) to analyze the production of irony and nostalgia. We observe that the blend of ironic viewing and nostalgia results in a more ironic, reflective nostalgia, in contrast to a more serious restorative type of nostalgia.
Fandom: The classroom of the future
Authors: Booth Paul J.
Published: June 2015

What is the role of the fan scholar in the age of the fan-scholar? I explore fandom as the classroom of the future—that is, as a space and as a culture that may be one of the few places where people are encouraged to think critically, to write, and to make thoughtful and critical judgments about hegemonic culture once formal schooling is complete. The type of critical thinking that can happen in fan environments could benefit our formal educational system. As fans, scholars, fan-scholars, and educators, we need to be more assertive against the encroaching normalization of commercialization, market forces, and neoliberal control over affect, both in education and out of it. We need to teach not just fan studies, but how fandom itself encourages how to be thoughtful fans in a world increasingly hostile to expressions of affect.
Transnationalism, localization, and translation in European fandom: Fan studies as global media and audience studies
Authors: Kustritz Anne
Published: June 2015

Editorial for TWC No. 19, "European Fans and European Fan Objects: Localization and Translation."
Residual Stress Measurement of Industrial Polymers by X-Ray Diffraction
Authors: Taisei Doi , Nishida Masayuki , Junichi Ozaki
Published: June 2015

In this study, residual stresses in polyamide (PA) materials were measured by the x-ray stress measurement technique. X-ray stress measurement is widely used to measure residual stresses, however, this measurement is not many used in polymeric materials. There are two problems for measuring residual stresses in polymer. Firstly, the diffraction peak from the polymer appears at the low 2θ angle region. Thus the measurement accuracy for strains reduces. Secondly, the low 2θ angle region is very difficult to use the sin2ψ method. In this study, Ω-diffractometer with transmission method was used to resolve these problems. The measured data was plotted in the d-sin2ψ diagram, and it was coincident with the linear regression line clearly. X-ray elastic constant (XEC) of PA was estimated from these results.
A Study on the Weldability of INCOLOY 825 Alloys and STS316L Alloys
Authors: Kim Pyung Su , Choi So Young , Kim Young Sik , Kim Jong Do
Published: June 2015

Bellows are widely used as parts in industrial machinery such as ships, valves, automotive, semiconductor equipment, flow and pressure sensors, and even in aircraft. Due to the recent depletion of conventional fossil fuels, natural liquified petroleum is increasingly demanded as an alternative energy, which in turn increases the demand for bellows on LNG ships. As the material used the bellows of LNG ships, the STS316L and INCOLOY 825 alloy, resistant to low-temperature embrittlement and corrosion, are used. STS316L is low-carbon stainless steel with a carbon content of less than 0.03%, preventing intergranular corrosion by welding work and maintaining its toughness and strength at a low temperature. In addition, Ni-Fe-Cr-based INCOLOY 825 alloy, containing Mo, Cu and Ti, is an alloy material resistant to general local corrosion in various atmospheres. INCOLOY 825 alloy is widely used for the creation of chemical processing equipment and in pollution-treatment facilities, oil and gas reduction equipment, acid manufacturing plants, pickling plants, nuclear fuel reprocessing and radioactive waste treatment facilities as well as in the bellows of LNG ships. Furthermore this material maintains good mechanical properties across a wide range of temperatures from ultra-low temperatures up to temperature approaching 500 °C. In this study, to assess its quality as a LNG ship bellows material, the STS316L and INCOLOY 825 alloy, used at an ultra-low temperature, the optimal welding conditions were established and its formability was analyzed by conducting an Erichsen test.
Effects of Cr or Mo Compositions on Mechanical Behavior of Fe-Base Bulk Amorphous Alloy
Authors: Jang Beom Taek , Kim Young In
Published: June 2015

For enhancing wear property of Fe-based bulk amorphous alloys as structural materials, We investigate effects of Cr or Mo compositions on wear and mechanical behaviors of FeCSiBPMo and FeCSiBPAlCr system bulk amorphous alloys which are suction-cast into a copper mold by arc melting in an argon atmosphere using a suction casting technique. X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimeter and Scanning electron microscopy were used to observe the microstructure and surface morphologies. Cr-Fe or Mo-Fe substitutions led to a dramatic increase in the glass transition temperature as well as the supercooled liquid region. After the wear test, the mass loss of both BAAs decreased remarkably at higher element. Nanoindentation results indicate that with an increase of the Cr or Mo compositions, the hardness and elastic modulus increased in both BAA samples. These results suggest that wear behaviors of the BAAs corresponded to change in hardness, which means that fracture morphologies of worn surface are strongly dependent on surface hardening with high Cr or Mo content.
Improvement of Corrosion Resistance of Carbon Steel by AIH-FPP with Cr/Ni Hybridized Particles
Authors: Iwamae Shota , Sasaki Takuma , Murai Kazue , Kameyama Yutaka , Komotori Jun , Fukazawa Kengo , Misaka Yoshitaka , Kawasaki Kazuhiro
Published: June 2015

In order to improve corrosion resistance of carbon steel by AIH-FPP treatment using Cr/Ni hybridized particles, the specimens was peened in an argon atmosphere , at 1200°C , for 30 s, varying post heating time from 0 s to 300 s. Cr and Ni particles were mixed by means of a planetary ball mill to obtain hybridized particles, and it was used as shot particles. Results showed that changing the post heating time strongly affects the characteristics of modified layer at the specimen surface. Results of EDX analysis showed that the Cr and Ni diffused layer was formed at the post heating time of 300 s. Corrosion tests were performed using a three-electrode electrochemical cell connected to a computer driven potentiostat. The specimens with Cr and Ni diffused layers showed a wide passive region and almost the same pitting corrosion resistance of Stainless Steel (X30Cr13). This is because of the existence of Cr passive films on treated surfaces.
Texture Formation Behaviors in AZ80 Magnesium Alloy during High-Temperature Plane Strain Compression
Authors: Kim Kwon Hoo , Choi Jun Ho , Hwang Kwang Il , Kwon Han Sang , Okayasu Kazuto , Fukutomi Hiroshi
Published: June 2015

The behavior of texture formation during high-temperature deformation in AZ80 magnesium alloy is investigated. Three kinds of specimens were machined out from rolled plates. The plane strain compression tests were conducted at various deformation conditions – temperature, strain and strain rate. After compression deformation, texture measurement was carried out on the mid-plane section parallel to the compression direction by the Schulz reflection method and EBSD measurement. The maximum values of the flow stress are observed in all the cases at the true stress – true strain curve for three type of specimens. It is found that the main component of texture and the accumulation of pole density vary depending on deformation condition and initial texture. Six kinds of crystal orientation components have been observed after deformation in total. (0001)<10-10> is formed regardless of the initial texture.
Surface Structure and Emissivity of Aluminum Nitride Films
Authors: Yoshida Masashi , Utsumi Noah , Ichiki Ryuta , Kong Jung Hyun , Okumiya Masahiro
Published: June 2015

In this study, aluminum nitride films were formed on aluminum substrates by gas nitriding in order to improve their low emissivities. To accomplish this, aluminum alloys were subjected to nitriding conditions at 773 and 823 K for 0–5 h, using alumina and magnesium powders. The resulting aluminum nitride films were several micrometers thick and the films were dark brown or black. The surface structures of the aluminum nitride films were investigated using a scanning electron microscope, which showed fine acicular aluminum nitride nodules with diameters on the order of several micrometers. Emissivities were evaluated at 298 K using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, in a wavelength range of 2–14 μm. Total emissivities at temperatures between 323 and 383 K were estimated from emissivity results obtained at 298 K. It was subsequently found that emissivity decreases with increasing wavelength and an emissivity of 0.80 was observed at a wavelength of 2 μm. Total emissivity was 0.49 % at 298 K and was in excess of 0.50 between 323 and 383 K.
Lüders Band Propagation Monitoring in Railway Steels
Authors: Kim Jeong Guk
Published: June 2015

The tensile failure behavior of railway wheelset materials was studied with the aid of infrared thermography technology. The tensile specimens were prepared from the actual railway vehicle parts, which were used for over 20 years. Generally, the Lüders bands are appeared and observed in annealed soft steel like low-carbon steel, during yield point phenomenon due to the unbalance of strain. During the tensile testing, a high-speed infrared camera was employed to monitor surface temperature changes in specimen. During the tensile testing, the formation of Lüders bands was clearly observed. Moreover, the propagation of bands along the 45 degree direction of loading axis was also observed. In this investigation, the yield point phenomenon with Lüders band in railway wheelset materials was introduced, and the interpretation of tensile behavior was also discussed.
Effect of Thermal Cycling after Water Absorption on Flexural Property of CFRP
Authors: Iijima Nozomu , Katogi Hideaki , Takemura Kenichi
Published: June 2015

In this study, effect of thermal cycling after water absorption on flexural property of CFRP(Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics) was examined. Water absorption tests were conducted for 24 hours, 100 hours and 500 hours at 90°C. Thermal cycling test was conducted by using water absorbed specimen. The temperature range of thermal cycling test was from room temperature to-196°C. The static three-point flexural test of CFRP with freezing after water absorption was conducted based on JIS(Japanese Industrial standard) K 7074. Following conclusions are obtained. In case of immersion for 24 hours, flexural strength and modulus of CFRP with freezing after water absorption decreased with an increase of the number of cycles. In case of immersion for 100 hours and 500 hours, flexural strength and modulus of CFRP with freezing after water absorption did not change. The water absorption of CFRP was the phenomenon that the water penetrated into fiber/resin interface. So, in the case of immersion for 24 hours that the absorption time is not so long, damage progresses gradually in thermal cycling test. On the other hand, in the case of immersion for 500 hours is long, the damage progresses at the early stage of the thermal cycling test, and after that the damage does not almost progress.
Deposition of IGZO or ITZO Thin Films by Co-Sputtering of IZO and GZO or ITO Targets
Authors: Wang Xin Zhi , Nishimoto Masaya , Fujii Toru , Tominaga Kikuo , Murai Kei Ichiro , Moriga Toshihiro , Xu You Long
Published: June 2015

New transparent conducting oxide (TCO) materials, indium-gallium-zinc-oxide (IGZO) and indium-tin-zinc-oxide (ITZO) were deposited on glass substrate by DC co-sputtering using IZO-GZO and IZO-ITO target combinations, respectively. Amorphous indium-gallium-zinc-oxide (a-IGZO) films possessing electron mobility of as high as 12 cm2V-1s-1 and resistivity of 0.15Ω・cm could be deposited. Hall mobility was ten times higher than that of amorphous silicon (a-Si), and comparable to that of commercial IGZO thin films. A good electrical resistivity of 0.17Ω・cm with a relatively high mobility of 10 cm2V-1s-1 was found for the ITZO films. These values were similar to those observed for the IGZO films in the present study.
Electrical and Optical Properties of ZnO:Ag Thin-Films Depend on Lamination Formation by DC Magnetron Sputtering
Authors: Lee Jin Woo , Kim Yun Hae , Park Chang Wook
Published: June 2015

Transparent conductive oxides such as Impurity doped indium oxides, tin oxides, zinc oxide systems are widely used in the field of optoelectronics such as Photo voltaic solar cells, Flat panel displays. Recently in case of the ZnO / Ag Multilayer thin films, doping Ag films on the ZnO layer and ZnO deposited on top of it a way that has been used. However, if thin film applied to the semiconductor, because of lamination of various forms, characteristics of stacking sequence and thin film layer is a need for research. In this study, using DC magnetron sputteirng how the stacking sequence of the film and the transparent operation of various process variables, the possibility of the application to electronic devices was confirmed.
Study on Vibration Properties of Fresh Concrete with Simple Test Method
Authors: Yamada Yuji , Hashimoto Shinichiro , Hashimoto Chikanori , Watanabe Takeshi , Date Shigeyuki
Published: June 2015

It has been reported that, depending on the material used, batches of concrete having the same slump value behave differently when vibrated. It is therefore to be expected that batches of concrete having the same slump value and containing the same amount of powder will have different properties depending on the material used. However, these batches of concrete are treated as concrete of the same quality since, at present, no alternative test method has yet been established as a substitute for the slump test. This study proposed new simplified experimental methods for vibration properties of fresh concrete. By using these methods, the vibration characteristics of fresh concrete containing fly ash (FA) and containing a large amount of cement were exhibited.
Cytotoxicity Assessment of SH-SY5Y Cells Grown on Graphene Sheet
Authors: Oh Hong Gi , Nam Hyo Geun , Jhee Kwang Hwan , Lim Joon Mook , Soup Song Kwang
Published: June 2015

We investigate the effect of cell culture conditions, using pristine graphene sheets as growth substrate, on the human nerve cell line (SH-SY5Y). In order to evaluate cell viability and morphology, we applied the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, and fluorescence microscopy of cells stained with Hochest 33342 and Calcein AM. Human nerve cells exhibited 84% viability on pristine graphene sheets compared with control (cell culture polystyrene) after 3 days culturing. Fluorescence data showed that the presence of graphene did not influence cell morphology. These results suggest that graphene sheets may be used for biological applications.
Polyamide 11/Clay Nanocomposite Using Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane Surfactants
Authors: Wang Sheng Qin , Sharma Mohit , Leong Yew Wei
Published: June 2015

This paper reports polyamide 11 (PA11)/layered silicate (clay) nanocomposite using polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) surfactants. POSS functionalized with amino, ammonium and guanidinium groups were synthesized and used to facilitate the intercalation of polymer chains between silicate layers thereby to improve the dispersion of clay in polymer matrix. Nanocomposites from the blends of POSS-modified clay and PA11 were thus formulated via melting compounding and their mechanical and physical properties were characterized.
The MAPK-Activated Kinase MK2 Attenuates Dendritic Cell–Mediated Th1 Differentiation and Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis
Authors: Soukup Klara , Halfmann Angela , Le Bras Marie , Sahin Emine , Vittori Sarah , Poyer Fiona , Schuh Cornelia , Luger Romana , Niederreiter Birgit , Haider Thomas , Stoiber Dagmar , Blüml Stephan , Schabbauer Gernot , Kotlyarov Alexey , Gaestel Matthias , Felzmann Thomas , Dohnal Alexander M.
Published: June 2015

Dendritic cell (DC)–mediated inflammation induced via TLRs is promoted by MAPK-activated protein kinase (MK)-2, a substrate of p38 MAPK. In this study we show an opposing role of MK2, by which it consolidates immune regulatory functions in DCs through modulation of p38, ERK1/2-MAPK, and STAT3 signaling. During primary TLR/p38 signaling, MK2 mediates the inhibition of p38 activation and positively cross-regulates ERK1/2 activity, leading to a reduction of IL-12 and IL-1α/β secretion. Consequently, MK2 impairs secondary autocrine IL-1α signaling in DCs, which further decreases the IL-1α/p38 but increases the anti-inflammatory IL-10/STAT3 signaling route. Therefore, the blockade of MK2 activity enables human and murine DCs to strengthen proinflammatory effector mechanisms by promoting IL-1α–mediated Th1 effector functions in vitro. Furthermore, MK2-deficient DCs trigger Th1 differentiation and Ag-specific cytotoxicity in vivo. Finally, wild-type mice immunized with LPS in the presence of an MK2 inhibitor strongly accumulate Th1 cells in their lymph nodes. These observations correlate with a severe clinical course in DC-specific MK2 knockout mice compared with wild-type littermates upon induction of experimental autoimmune encephalitis. Our data suggest that MK2 exerts a profound anti-inflammatory effect that prevents DCs from prolonging excessive Th1 effector T cell functions and autoimmunity.
SYSTEMATIC POSITION OF FERONIA COGNATA DEJEAN, 1831 (COLEOPTERA, CARABIDAE)
Authors: Guéorguiev Borislav V. , Giachino Pier Mauro
Published: June 2015

The type material of Feronia cognata Dejean, 1831, Steropus schmidtii Chaudoir, 1838 and Pterostichus placidus W. Rosenhauer, 1847 is examined. This action resulted into new combinations, new synonym, and restored status in terms of the genera Pterostichus Bonelli, 1810 and Tapinopterus Schaum, 1858: Tapinopterus (Tapinopterus) cognatus (Dejean, 1831), comb. nov. of Pterostichus (Pseudosteropus) cognatus (Dejean, 1831); Tapinopterus (Tapinopterus) kaufmanni Ganglbauer, 1896, syn. nov. of Tapinopterus (Tapinopterus) cognatus (Dejean, 1831); Tapinopterus (Tapinopterus) cognatus transsylvanicus Mandl, 1936, comb. nov. of Tapinopterus (Tapinopterus) kaufmanni transsylvanicus Mandl, 1936; Tapinopterus (Tapinopterus) cognatus kalofi­rensis Maran, 1933, comb. nov. of Tapinopterus (Tapinopterus) kaufmanni kalofirensis Maran, 1933; Tapinopterus (Tapinopterus) cognatus winkleri Mandl, 1936, comb. nov. of Tapinopterus (Tapinopterus) kaufmanni winkleri Mandl, 1936; Steropus schmidtii Chaudoir, 1838 removed from synonymy with Feronia cognata Dejean, 1831 and treated as valid species - Pterostichus (Pseudosteropus) schmidtii (Chaudoir, 1838), stat. rest. Lectotype and paralectotypes for Steropus schmidtii Chaudoir, 1838 are designated.
SULLA POSIZIONE SISTEMATICA DI MECASPIS OTINI (COLEOPTERA, CURCULIONIDAE)
Authors: Talamelli Fabio
Published: June 2015

Mecaspis otini Hoffmann, 1957, per la mancanza di omeri e tubercolo apicale delle elitre, viene trasferito nel genere Pseudocleonus Chevrolat, 1873 (comb. n.). Viene inoltre fornita una ridescrizione della specie.
The fight against cancer: Is it worthwhile?
Authors: Barreto Savio George , Barreto Merlyn , Chaubal Rohan , Dutt Amit
Published: June 2015

This article alludes to the findings of Tomasetti and Vogelstein and argues that for clinicians and scientists no matter how difficult understanding the pathogenesis of cancer may be, they remain the only hope for patients suffering from the disease. Data citing wide differences in cancer incidence in different parts of the world is presented to drive home the point that ′Bad luck′ is not a good enough explanation for cancer pathogenesis. There remains a lot to be uncovered in cancer and clinicians and scientists should strive to this end.