bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Association Between Radiological Severity of Lumbar Spinal Stenosis and Spinopelvic Parameters in Adult Patients With Achondroplasia
Authors: Cai Husule , Omara Chady , Vleggeert-Lankamp Carmen L. A.
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Adults with achondroplasia are more vulnerable to suffer from neurogenic claudication because of a congenital narrow spinal canal, which makes them susceptible to lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS). The study aims to investigate the correlations between sagittal alignment parameters and the degree of LSS in patients with achondroplasia with LSS.

METHODS:

The radiological data of adult achondroplasts presented to the neurosurgical clinic of our medical center from 2019 to 2022 were collected. Lumbar stenosis was graded using the Schizas scale, and the dural sac cross-sectional area (DSCA) was measured. The angles defining the spinopelvic parameters comprising lumbar lordosis, thoracolumbar kyphosis, sagittal vertical axis, pelvic tilt, sacral slope, and pelvic incidence were measured. Spearman or Pearson correlation was used to investigate the association between sagittal misalignment and LSS.

RESULTS:

A total of 34 achondroplastics were enrolled, with a median age of 44.3 ± 15.5 years, ranging from 18.6 to 78.5 years. Larger thoracolumbar kyphosis was associated with more severe stenosis according to the Schizas scale of the L12 lumbar level (r = 0.44, P = .020, 95% CI [0.08, 0.70]). Larger sagittal vertical axis correlated with a smaller DSCA at L23 (r = −0.53, P = .036, 95% CI [−0.81, −0.04]) and L45 (r = −0.66, P = .004, 95% CI [−0.87, −0.26]). Larger pelvic tilt was demonstrated to be associated with a smaller DSCA of the L34 lumbar level (r = −0.42, P = .027, 95% CI [−0.68, −0.05]) and the L45 lumbar level (r = −0.47, P = .011, 95% CI [−0.71, −0.12]).

CONCLUSION:

The upper LSS may be attributed to an increased kyphosis of the thoracolumbar spine. On the contrary, the lower LSS seemed to be correlated with a more backward tilt of the pelvis.
Racial Disparities in Breast Cancer Genetic Testing May be Mitigated by Counseling
Authors: Siegel Julie B. , Bertolino Melanie , Mukherjee Rupak , Meeder Kiersten , Hughes Kevin S. , Abbott Andrea M.
Published: May 2024

Background

Currently, racial disparities exist in access to genetic testing. Recent developments have helped narrow the gap in accessibility. The purpose of this study was to determine whether racial disparities in genetic consultation attendance and completion of genetic testing persist, and, if so, factors that contribute to under-utilization of these resources.

Methods

A single-institution retrospective review of breast patients referred for genetic counseling between 2017 and 2019 was performed. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression evaluated factors associated with genetic counseling attendance and genetic testing.

Results

A total of 596 patients were referred for genetic counseling: 433 (72.7%) white; 138 (23.2%) black; and 25 (4.2%) other or unknown. In multivariate analysis, black patients, patients without breast cancer family history, and patients without a current cancer diagnosis, classified as high risk, were significantly less likely to attend their genetics appointment (p = 0.010, p = 0.007, p = 0.005, respectively). Age, insurance type, distance from facility, and need for chemotherapy did not significantly impact consult completion rate. Of the patients who completed a genetic consult, 84.4% (n = 248) had genetic testing and 17.7% (n = 44) had a pathogenic variant. For patients who attended counseling, there were no significant factors that were predictive with receipt of genetic testing.

Conclusions

In this study, there was a significant association between race and attending genetic counseling. Once counseled, most patients went on to receive genetic testing, and racial disparities in testing disappeared, emphasizing the value of providing additional education about the importance and purpose of genetic testing.
L'apport de Nicolas Cabasilas à l'ecclésiologie à partir de la théologie des mystères
Authors: Μαρούδας Φώτιος
Published: May 2024

Τα δύο μεγάλα πνευματικά έργα του Καβάσιλα: η "Ερμηνεία της Θείας Λειτουργίας" και οι επτά λόγοι περί "της εν Χριστώ ζωής" και δη οι θεμελιώδεις και κύριες εκκλησιολογικές θεολογικές αντιλήψεις, που εμπεριέχονται σε αυτά, αποτελούν το γόνιμο έδαφος της παρούσας διατριβής για τα μυστήρια του Βαπτίσματος, του Χρίσματος και της Θείας Ευχαριστίας, βασιζομένης στην κύρια ιδέα του θεολόγου ότι η ανθρώπινη σωτηρία βρίσκεται εντός του οίκου του Θεού. Ο Νικόλαος Καβάσιλας θεμελιώνει ακριβώς στα άγια μυστήρια όλη την εκκλησιολογική θεολογία του για την Εκκλησία, που εγκαινιάζεται την εποχή Καινής Διαθήκης, και συνεπώς για τον κόσμο ολόκληρο, που μεταμορφώνεται, οργανώνεται και ζει πλέον ως Σώμα του Χριστού. Το Άγιο Πνεύμα «δια της χειρός και του στόματος των ιερέων» τελεί τα μυστήρια της Εκκλησίας, τα οποία αποφέρουν πνευματικούς καρπούς καθώς και την ηθική και πνευματική ζωή εν Χριστώ. Με τον τρόπο αυτό η εσωτερική ζωή των μελών του σώματος της Εκκλησίας, της οποίας κεφαλή είναι ο Χριστός, είναι ζωή εν Αγίω Πνεύματι. Ο Καβάσιλας τοποθετεί ακριβοδίκαια και εμβαθώς τα συστατικά, κύρια, μυστήρια (βάπτισμα, χρίσμα και θεία ευχαριστία) στην καρδιά αυτής της πορείας ένωσης και ζωής εν Χριστώ. Ωστόσο, μια σημαντική υπενθύμιση του Καβάσιλα, σχετικά με τη διέπουσα αρχή αυτής της συνεργασίας, δεν πρέπει να μας διαφεύγει: η νέα εν Χριστώ ζωή είναι καρπός της συνεργείας του Θεού και του ανθρώπινου παράγοντα. Η σωτηρία δεν δίδεται με τη βία μέσω των μυστηρίων, αλλά με τη συνενεργό και καλή θέληση του προσώπου, την ενεργή συμμετοχή του. Τέλος, όπως η διατριβή παρουσιάζει, η δογματική θεολογική σκέψη του Καβάσιλα, σχετικά με τον εσχατολογικό χαρακτήρα των μυστηρίων, ιδιαίτερα του Βαπτίσματος και της Θείας Ευχαριστίας, διατηρεί ακέραιη και εμβαθύνει στη διδασκαλία του Αποστόλου Παύλου και της πρώιμης χριστιανικής θεολογίας, χαρακτηρίζοντας τα μυστήρια επιγραμματικά ως «δυνάμεις του μέλλοντος αιώνος».
Η επίδραση ενός παρεμβατικού προγράμματος εκμάθησης χορού στην ανάπτυξη κοινωνικών δεξιοτήτων παιδιών με διαταραχή στο φάσμα του αυτισμού
Authors: Λίλου Ολυμπία
Published: May 2024

Σκοπός της έρευνας ήταν η διερεύνηση της επίδρασης ενός δομημένου προγράμματος εκμάθησης Ελληνικού παραδοσιακού χορού στην ανάπτυξη κοινωνικών δεξιοτήτων (κοινωνική ανταπόκριση, κοινωνική συναλλαγή/αλληλεπίδραση, δεξιότητες προσοχής / λειτουργικό ρόλο στο παιχνίδι) παιδιών με Διαταραχή Αυτιστικού Φάσματος (ΔΑΦ) που συμμετείχαν σε ένα πρόγραμμα Ελληνικού παραδοσιακού χορού ενός σωματείου ειδικής αγωγής του νομού Θεσσαλονίκης. Ο στόχος ήταν να μελετηθεί αν ένα παρεμβατικό πρόγραμμα Ελληνικού παραδοσιακού χορού, μπορεί να έχει επίδρασή στη δημιουργία και στη διατήρηση κοινωνικών σχέσεων μεταξύ των παιδιών με ΔΑΦ. Τα αποτελέσματα της έρευνας έδειξαν ότι ο Ελληνικός Παραδοσιακός χορός είναι ένα μέσο που επιταχύνει την θετική ανάπτυξη διάφορων κοινωνικών μεταβλητών και που μπορεί να επηρεάσει θετικά τα παιδιά με ΔΑΦ και να τα βοηθήσει να βελτιώσουν τη βλεμματική επαφή, την κοινωνική ανταπόκριση, την προσαρμογή στις αλλαγές, να μειώσουν την κοινωνική αποφυγή και τις επιζήμιες κοινωνικές συμπεριφορές. Επίσης, ενίσχυσε τα παιδιά σε τομείς της κοινωνικότητας, της αλληλεγγύης αλλά και της ενσυναίσθησης, ενισχύοντας την κοινωνική μύηση, την αμοιβαιότητα, την εναλλαγή σειράς, την εγγύτητα, την υπακοή στους κανόνες και την κοινωνική πρωτοβουλία. Συμπερασματικά, φάνηκε καθαρά από την έρευνα ότι τα παιδιά που συμμετείχαν στην ομάδα παρέμβασης κατά τη διάρκεια του προγράμματος Ελληνικού παραδοσιακού χορού, παρουσίασαν θετικότερα αποτελέσματα σε όλες τις μετρήσεις, σε αντίθεση με την ομάδα ελέγχου που βασίστηκε στο πρόγραμμα με τις αθλοπαιδιές. Τα αποτελέσματα της παρούσας έρευνας μπορούν να αποτελέσουν εφαλτήριο προκειμένου οι Ελληνικοί παραδοσιακοί χοροί να μπουν στα αναλυτικά προγράμματα σπουδών των σχολείων ως μέσο καλλιέργειας κοινωνικών δεξιοτήτων στα παιδιά με ΔΑΦ.
Open Problems in Computational Historical Linguistics
Authors: List Johann-Mattis
Published: May 2024

Problems constitute the starting point of all scientific research. The essay reflects on the different kinds of problems that scientists address in their research and discusses a list of 10 problems for the field of computational historical linguistics, that was proposed throughout 2019 in a series of blog posts (see http://phylonetworks.blogspot.com/). In contrast to problems identified in different contexts, these problems were considered to be solvable, but no solution could be proposed back then. By discussing the problems in the light of developments that have been made in the field during the past five years, a modified list is proposed that takes new insights into account but also finds that the majority of the problems has not yet been solved.
Rising Importance of Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy in the Diagnosis of Selected Neurodegenerative Diseases of the Brain
Authors: Szmyt Katarzyna , Superson Maciej , Wilk-Trytko Klaudia , Szymańska Katarzyna , Walczak Kamil , Samojedny Sylwia , Mika Wiktoria , Krasnoborska Julia , Zarębska Julia
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Neurodegenerative diseases pose a significant diagnostic challenge due to the increasing elderly population and the rising prevalence of these conditions.
State of Knowledge: Differential diagnosis among these diseases is particularly challenging; thus, numerous clinical trials have been conducted to identify markers that could facilitate accurate disease diagnosis. Among various diagnostic approaches, imaging techniques play a crucial role, especially magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which includes advanced modalities such as proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (¹H-MRS). ¹H-MRS offers a non-invasive assessment of neurometabolite profiles, providing critical information that aids in precise diagnosis.
Conclusions: With ongoing clinical trials, the importance of ¹H-MRS in diagnosing neurodegenerative diseases continues to grow. This paper reviews the results of recent and relevant clinical trials examining changes in ¹H-MRS in the most prevalent neurodegenerative diseases.
Vitamin A - potential anticancer weapon
Authors: Popławska Natalia Aleksandra , Śliz Justyna , Skorupska Marta , Czeczotka Magdalena Joanna , Woźniak Krzysztof
Published: May 2024

Introduction: 
Vitamin A, one of the most popular vitamins that people usually associate with eye health or beautiful skin, also has many other functions and uses. Recently many scientists conducted studies to determine if vitamin A could be a new weapon against cancers. 
Aim of the study: 
The aim of the study was to discuss recent findings regarding the impact of Vitamin A and other retinoids on potential applications in anticancer therapy. 
Materials and methods: 
This review of studies is based on scientific articles available in PubMed and Google Scholar databases. The names of the cancers were juxtaposed with term "Vitamin A" and with term "Retinoids" to gather data regarding the effect of retinoids on cancer treatment and prevention. 
Results: 
After analyzing the gathered publications, it is possible to conclude that retinoids can have a positive impact on cancer treatment. Some of them can induce apoptosis of cancer cells and others can reduce their proliferation. Moreover, retinoids can also play an important role in preventing cancers, such as ovarian, breast, cervical, or skin cancer. The role of retinoids in the prevention of prostate cancer remains unclear due to conflicting research results. 
Conclusion: 
The studies have shown promising results which indicate a need for further research into anticancer mechanisms of retinoids. Specifically, more research is needed to explore the positive impact of retinoid use in treating cancer diseases. The significant potential of retinoids may make it possible to include them in clinical practice and develop an effective therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment based on them.
can school become a non-adultist institution?
Authors: Liebel Manfred , Meade Philip
Published: May 2024

To answer the question of whether school can become a non-adultist institution, this article examines the unequal adult–child (teacher–pupil) power relations that characterize school under the framework of bourgeois-capitalist society and that are upheld by certain functions, methods, norms and knowledge standards. Under the influence of the anti-authoritarian youth protest movements from the 1960s onwards, overt power in school (e.g. by means of corporal punishment) has been criticized and, in most countries, abolished. However, power imbalances between teachers and pupils have not disappeared, but rather developed towards a more subtle, covert power, e.g. by framing certain expectations. The hierarchical top-down and one-way learning principles of school institutions are mostly left uncontested. This article does not content itself with simply stating that schools repeatedly reproduce adultism under these societal conditions, but also discusses possible strategies and interventions that could shift unequal power relations and ultimately overturn them. It looks at various concepts and alternative forms of education critical of adultism that have emerged since the beginning of the 20th century both within and outside the state school system. It further explores the contradictions that should be expected to arise in their implementation within the framework of existing educational institutions. Particular attention is paid to the respective possibilities for action on the part of teachers and pupils. We offer a decisive challenge to teachers to rethink how they deal with their power, which is always derived and fragile, and how they can  contribute to pupils empowering themselves and significantly influence learning and decision-making processes at school.
Desfechos obstétricos adversos durante a COVID-19: uma série de casos retrospectiva
Authors: Resende Ana Clara Antunes Pereira , Souza Silvana Regina Rossi Kissula , Freitas Efigênia Aparecida Maciel de , Prandini Naiane Ribeiro , Mendes-Rodrigues Clesnan' , Bernardy Catia Campaner Ferrari
Published: May 2024

Objetivo: analisar as características e os desfechos obstétricos adversos em gestantes/puérperas infectadas pelo SARS-CoV-2 em serviço de referência. Método: série de casos retrospectiva entre gestantes com Covid-19 em um hospital universitário em Minas Gerais, Brasil, atendidas no serviço de 2020 a 2021, coletados em abril de 2022, empregando-se estatística descritiva para análise dos dados através do Statistical Package for the Social Science. Resultados: incluídas 26 gestantes, em sua maioria brancas, que tiveram como principais desfechos obstétricos adversos a internação em UTI (43,5%), parto prematuro (34,6%), dado reestratificado de semanas para dias para investigar o encurtamento da gestação, onde constatou-se média de 38,6 dias potenciais de gravidez perdidos dos 280 dias ideais, e ainda 15,4% evoluíram para óbito materno. Conclusão: o estudo proporcionou evidenciar a necessidade de vigilância e atenção às gestantes com foco nos principais desfechos adversos, podendo-se intervir em tempo oportuno para diminuir adversidades.
Representação social da Covid-19 para a população de uma cidade de pequeno porte
Authors: Oliveira Denize Cristina de , Silva Keila Pereira da , Machado Yndira Yta , Stefaisk Renata Lacerda Marques , Domingues Juliana Pereira , Pontes Ana Paula Munhen de , Silva Daniela Aparecida Teixeira da , Castro Suzana da Silva
Published: May 2024

Objetivo: analisar a representação social da Covid-19 para a população geral de uma cidade de pequeno porte do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Método: estudo qualitativo, apoiado na abordagem estrutural das representações sociais. Participaram 100 usuários de serviços de saúde. Os dados foram coletados por questionário sociodemográfico de evocações livres de palavras e roteiro de entrevista semiestruturada. Os dados foram analisados com o auxílio dos softwares Excel, EVOC 2005 e análise de conteúdo temático-categorial para contextualização das evocações respectivamente. Resultados: os termos do possível núcleo central foram: morte, sofrimento, cuidados, ansiedade-angústia e vacina. Na primeira periferia: medo e prevenção. À segunda periferia: informação-desinformação; desgoverno; ter-fé e proteção. A zona de contrate: doença; isolamento-social; dificuldades; catástrofe-mundial; desemprego e pandemia. Considerações finais: marcaram essa representação os impactos psicossociais negativos resultantes da desestruturação da vida e das mortes ocasionadas pela nova doença, no entanto o grupo aderiu as medidas de cuidados de proteção.
Doença falciforme: cuidado com pessoas com úlcera da perna nos serviços de atenção à saúde
Authors: Spira Josimare Aparecida Otoni , Borges Eline Lima , Andrade Paula Gabriela Ribeiro , Lisboa Cristiane Rabelo , Souza Maria Leticia Menezes
Published: May 2024

Objetivo: identificar o local e os cuidados diretos recebidos por pessoas com úlceras da perna por doença falciforme nos serviços de atenção à saúde. Método: estudo transversal, realizado em 11 centros, no período de agosto de 2019 a abril de 2020. Fizeram parte do estudo 72 pessoas com úlcera da perna ativa. O estudo foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa. Resultado: apresentavam anemia falciforme 91,7% dos participantes, com mediana de três anos de existência da úlcera; 77,8% eram redicivantes; 40,3% compravam os insumos; 66,7% trocavam o próprio curativo no domicílio; 52,8% realizavam uma ou mais trocas diárias; 45,8% dos tratamentos foram prescritos pelo médico; 37,5% eram pomada (colagenase ou antibiótico); 89% não utilizavam compressão para o manejo do edema. Conclusão: a maioria dos participantes não estava inserida na Rede de Atenção à Saúde para o tratamento da úlcera, e não recebia assistência sistematizada e nem insumos apropriados.
Previne brasil e financiamento da atenção primária: facilidades e dificuldades de gestores municipais de saúde
Authors: Sartoretto Eduarda Antonia , Tombini Larissa Hermes , Madureira Valeria Silvana Fagnello , Geremia Daniela Savi , Rossetto Maíra , Araujo Jeferson Santos
Published: May 2024

Objetivo: compreender as facilidades e dificuldades enfrentadas por gestores municipais de saúde com o novo modelo de financiamento da Atenção Primária à Saúde. Método: estudo qualitativo, tipo Pesquisa Convergente Assistencial, fundamentado na Política Nacional de Atenção Básica. Participaram 77 gestores ou seus representantes, de 47 municípios de uma Macrorregião de saúde de Santa Catarina, Brasil. Foram realizadas três oficinas nas Gerências Regionais de Saúde, em agosto e setembro de 2022. Os dados foram analisados pela análise de conteúdo. Resultados: apresentam-se como facilidades do Previne Brasil informatização, comprometimento dos profissionais, e qualificação do cuidado. Foram descritas como dificuldades falta de informações, sistema informatizado e denominador estimado e, equipe de trabalho. Conclusão: o programa apresenta facilidades que qualificam o processo de trabalho e cuidado à saúde da população. Contudo, persistem dificuldades que devem ser consideradas pela gestão municipal para avanços na atenção integral e no financiamento da Atenção Primária à Saúde.
Tecnologias em saúde da hanseníase no âmbito da Atenção Primária à Saúde: revisão de escopo
Authors: Martins Rosa Maria Grangeiro , Alves Dailon de Araujo , Alves Sabrina Alaide Amorim , Silva Karine Nascimento da , Torres Raimundo Augusto Martins , Martins Francisca Juliana Grangeiro , Pereira Maria Lúcia Duarte
Published: May 2024

Objetivo: mapear as tecnologias em saúde para manejo no cuidado à pessoa com hanseníase na Atenção Primária à Saúde. Método: revisão de escopo baseada na metodologia do JBI, em seis bases de dados, seguindo a checklist Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews. Foram incluídos estudos publicados em qualquer idioma, com diferentes abordagens metodológicas. Resultados: os 14 estudos incluídos na revisão mostram que a aplicabilidade de tecnologias para o manejo do cuidado a pessoa com hanseníase na Atenção Primária à Saúde, possibilitam a confirmação de diagnóstico, acompanhamento, monitoramento e prevenção de incapacidades. Conclusão: nota-se que tecnologia em saúde se apresentam como ferramentas que auxiliam no processo de cuidado na assistência a pessoas com hanseníase, a fim de permitir aos profissionais de saúde conhecimento sobre a doença, proporcionando qualidade na sua prática de saúde.
Fatores intervenientes na gerência do cuidado de enfermagem à criança hospitalizada com cardiopatia reumática
Authors: Queiroz Giovana de Oliveira Monteiro , Silva Italo Rodolfo , Prata Ana Paula , Silva Laura Johanson da , Duarte Sabrina Costa Machado , Silva Thiago Privado da
Published: May 2024

Objetivo: analisar os fatores intervenientes na gerência do cuidado de enfermagem à criança hospitalizada com cardiopatia reumática. Método: estudo descritivo-exploratório com abordagem qualitativa, que utilizou a Teoria Fundamentada em Dados e o Interacionismo Simbólico, respectivamente, como referencial metodológico e teórico. A coleta de dados foi realizada em uma instituição especializada em atendimento cardiológico, no munícipio do Rio de Janeiro. Foram entrevistados 19 profissionais de enfermagem através de um roteiro semiestruturado. Resultado: emergiram os seguintes fatores intervenientes na prática da gerência do cuidado: condição socioeconômica da família, comportamento da criança, condições de trabalho, comunicação ineficaz, educação permanente, trabalho em equipe e experiência profissional.  Conclusão: os resultados apontam para a necessidade de proposição de estratégias de ação e interação que facilitem a prática gerencial de cuidado à criança com cardiopatia reumática e sua família face aos fatores intervenientes identificados.
Anaemia prevalence and risk factors in pregnant women in Oman: a retrospective case-control study
Authors: Khalaf Atika , Aljezawi Ma'en , Gimono Phiona , Fattah Hadya Abboud Abdel
Published: May 2024

Background/Aims

Anaemia is a multifactorial condition and understanding its prevalence and associated factors is crucial for effective healthcare planning and interventions. The aim of this study was to explore the prevalence of anaemia during pregnancy and its potential risk factors in Oman.

Methods

A retrospective approach was used to identify anaemia cases by examining medical records taken from 9321 women who gave birth at the hospital over 3 years. Chi-squared tests were used to establish differences in risk factors using a case-control design, with a 1:2 ratio.

Results

The crude prevalence of anaemia was 31.2%, dropping to 4.9% after excluding women with chronic and/or acute diseases. Significant differences were found in nationality (χ2=4.738, P=0.030), body mass index (χ2=6.392, P=0.041) and gestational age (χ2=4.329, P=0.037) for women with anaemia compared to those without.

Conclusions

These findings underscore the significance of assessing and managing anaemia in pregnancy, while considering the interaction of demographic and clinical variables in formulating anaemia prevention strategies.
How advances in point-of-care testing have improved veterinary patient care
Authors: Godfrey Hannah
Published: May 2024

Access to in-house diagnostic equipment is essential to modern veterinary practice. Point-of-care testing is performed at, or near, the site of patient care by specially trained, non-laboratory healthcare professionals. Point-of-care testing has a quick turnaround time, which can aid clinical decision making. This article looks at recent advances in point-of-care testing.
Versos contra la turistificació
Authors: Pereira Andrea
Published: May 2024

Aquest article estudia el tractament de la turistificació en dos poetes dels PaïsosCatalans, Ponç Pons (Alaior, 1956) i Jordi Julià (Sant Celoni, 1972). El treball parteix de les idees plantejades per Guillem Colom-Montero sobre el turisme de masses a Mallorca i com es formula literàriament en la narrativa d’alguns escriptors illencs. L’objectiu és anar una mica més enllà i analitzar com s’aborda aquest tema des d’un altre gènere literari i amb dos autors de zones diferents del domini lingüístic. La tria d’aquests autors respon a l’interès de fer dialogar dos poetes que s’han llegit mútuament i que reivindiquen l’ecolingüisme com una de les vies per revertir, almenys en l’imaginari col·lectiu, la pèrdua de la identitat cultural que els és pròpia.
Review of Decolonial Conversations in Posthuman and New Materialist Rhetorics edited by Jennifer Clary-Lemon and David M. Grant
Authors: Mainaly Shiva
Published: May 2024

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Affirmative, Critical and Posthuman Approaches to Fascism. A Review of Deleuze and Guattari and Fascism, edited by Rick Dolphijn and Rosi Braidotti
Authors: Hernández Domínguez Myriam
Published: May 2024

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Exvangelical (De)conversion Narratives and the Religious Politics of Spiritual Autobiography
Authors: Mullins Matthew
Published: May 2024

Abstract: Scholars and pundits have devoted significant attention to the rise of the religiously unaffiliated in the United States in recent years. Within that demographic there are many former evangelical Christians who remain Christian but are no longer evangelical or have abandoned Christianity altogether. Many of these former evangelical Christians identify as exvangelicals . This essay analyzes autobiographies written by exvangelicals, and argues that their narratives of deconversion can best be understood in the generic tradition of the conversion narrative. When situated in this generic context, these exvangelical autobiographies testify to a crisis in twenty-first-century religious politics that mirrors similar tensions in the past and suggests the US is in a period of civic transition.
"With Its Shadows Dominating the Brightness": Jamaica Kincaid's My Brother and the Subjects of AIDS History
Authors: Aplaca Jacob E.
Published: May 2024

Abstract: This essay reads Jamaica Kincaid's My Brother (1997), a memoir that recounts her brother Devon's AIDS-related death, in relation to both the corpus of US AIDS life writing that emerged during the so-called height of the AIDS crisis and today's ongoing practices of AIDS commemoration. Challenging the activist-centered knowledge paradigms through which the subjects of AIDS memoir largely continue to be understood, My Brother lays bare the conditions that sustain the celebratory legacy of US AIDS activism and its exemplary gay white male subject—an understanding of AIDS that brackets off what Jih-Fei Cheng, Alexandra Juhasz, and Nishant Shahani have described as the uneven distribution of AIDS crises across the world. At the same time, this essay considers the risks that attend contemporary efforts to bring into greater relief these global crises by assuming the transparency of Devon, and those similarly situated, as objects of our knowledge.
Between Genre and Medium: Hilda Tablet , Henry Reed's Fictional Metabiography for Radio
Authors: Van Puymbroeck Birgit
Published: May 2024

Abstract: In the 1950s, Henry Reed wrote the seven-part series Hilda Tablet , a humorous radio play for the Third Programme, the BBC's cultural channel. The series deals with the fictional biographer Herbert Reeve—Henry Reed's alter ego—who writes a biography of the also fictional author Richard Shewin and later the composer Hilda Tablet. This article analyzes Hilda Tablet in the light of biography studies. It argues that the series "remediates" the genre of biography on radio, and uses techniques associated with fictional metabiography and mockbiography to highlight, question, and satirize genre and media conventions. Through a contextual and audionarratological analysis, it recovers Hilda Tablet for critical analysis, and reflects on the use of audio techniques for biographical construction and interpretation. It contributes to the study of biography in two ways: by focusing on the little-explored hybrid genre of the radio biography, and by paying close attention to aspects of the fictional metabiography and mockbiography.
Testimonial Imperative, Collective Autobiography, and Individual Stories of #MeToo on Twitter
Authors: Anderst Leah
Published: May 2024

Abstract: This essay looks closely at testimonials posted to Twitter as part of the viral #MeToo movement in October 2017. It examines a testimonial imperative at work in the movement, a driving need and a feeling of responsibility for survivors to come forward and join others who are speaking to share, to bear witness, and to listen to each other. The #MeToo movement has been described as a collective autobiography, but what we also see when we read #MeToo testimonial tweets is that many survivors posted, replied, and quote-tweeted in ways that highlight their individual experiences and their individual selves. By reading closely a number of tweets, this essay unearths important themes, strategies, and forged connections that emerged within this online autobiographical movement.
"Lutherans" and "Calvinists" in the Early Seventeenth Century: From Controversial Labels to Confessional Terms
Authors: Lapp Michael K.H.
Published: May 2024

Abstract: At the beginning of the seventeenth century, Landgrave Moritz of Hesse-Kassel (1572–1632) introduced Calvinism into his territory under the heading "Points of Improvement." The points of improvement concerned 1) the prohibition of discussion of the person of Christ, 2) "supplementing" the Ten Commandments with the explicit mention of the prohibition of images, 3) the abolition of images in church buildings, 4) the breaking of the bread in the Lord's Supper. This was followed by a long-lasting dispute by means of publication between the theologians at the universities in Marburg and Giessen. In these publications, the now common terminology of denominations, "Lutheran," "Calvinist," and "Reformed," were used in polemical distinction as controversial terms.
Clerical Collegiality in Colonial Pennsylvania
Authors: Krueger Karl
Published: May 2024

Abstract: A paper written in the 1880s by the German-American historian Julius Sachse was discovered in the parish archive of an episcopal church. The church's archivist made a copy of the paper and handed it to the Lutheran author of this article, who served the congregation as its Sabbatical Pastor in 2023. The paper focused on the ministry of the Reverend William Currie. Sachse also mentioned a German worship service by Henry Mühlenberg in Currie's church in 1750. Mühlenberg described the service in his Journals but did not name the church. Rereading the Journals, Correspondence, and Halle Reports, considering this event, clarified several notable aspects of ministry in colonial Pennsylvania. It is a story of cooperation between Lutherans, Anglicans, and others who worked together for the sake of the gospel in the Delaware Valley.
Luther in Norwegian
Authors: Haga Joar
Published: May 2024

Abstract: The article traces the translation history of Luther's texts into Norwegian. Until their independence in 1814, the Norwegians became acquainted with Luther through Danish translations. His Small Catechism dominated the reception, mainly due to the Pietist school reform of the 1730s. Hymns and sermons from the Church Postil were important genres in the nineteenth century, but also major works such as Luther's Genesis Lectures and his Galatian commentary appeared in Norwegian. Many of these were translated by conservative theologians, who wanted to preserve Lutheran roots. In the twentieth century, the picture is less clear, but Luther was used in the ongoing battle over the legacy of liberal theology before World War II. The most important publication came as a six-volume edition at the Reformer's 500th birthday, a selection of mostly early writings of Luther, albeit with some texts from his later years.
Development of a *kl- Consonant Cluster into Phrase-Initial Epenthetic Breathiness in Ende (Eastern Indonesia)
Authors: Elias Alexander
Published: May 2024

Abstract: Ende is a Central Flores (Austronesian) language of eastern Indonesia which features a contrast between vowel-initial words and words that begin with an underlying glottal stop. The contrast is realized by the insertion of an epenthetic [ɦ-] before vowel-initial words in phrase-initial position. Comparison with the other Central Flores languages shows that the epenthetic Ende [ɦ-] is the regular outcome of what was once a *kl- consonant cluster in Proto-Central Flores. I propose that *kl- clusters underwent a series of sound changes resulting in a segment pronounced [ɦ-], which was reanalyzed as an epenthetic phrase boundary marker instead of a fricative phoneme. The presence and development of epenthetic breathiness in nearby languages such as Keo, Ngadha, Palu'e, Sika, and Kedang will be discussed as well.
Austronesian Lexemes in Basa Latala of Borneo: A Punan Sajau Song Language
Authors: Blevins Juliette , Kaufman Daniel
Published: May 2024

Abstract: In recent work based on a 130-item wordlist, Lansing et al. claim that Basa Latala, a Punan Sajau song language of Borneo, is not an Austronesian language. In this squib, we argue that there is no linguistic basis for this claim. Many Basa Latala words have clear Austronesian and Borneo cognates and show evidence of Austronesian cognate morphology.
When the Mess Is the Message: Simultaneous Signing in an ASL Multiparty Interaction
Authors: Lepeut Alysson , Shaw Emily
Published: May 2024

Abstract: This article presents the results of a microanalysis of sequences when two or more deaf signers overlap. This contribution focuses on cooperative overlap —which consists of extended moments of turn-exchanges that move along the unfolding discourse while cohering interlocutors in relation to each other. This aspect of signed interaction has received little scholarly attention but appears to be one crucial part of the "enchronic glue" (Enfield 2022) of language binding interactions (and interactants) together. Little is known about the specific underpinnings of these seemingly messy interactive moments. We seek here to understand how such extended overlaps are achieved by deaf coparticipants where the outcome results in a forward move of the interaction. A total of thirty-three instances of collaborative overlapping signing were identified, accounting for approximately seven out of the seventy-five minute multiparty interaction between four American Sign Language (ASL) signers. Out of these, specific interactional sequences were analyzed using techniques from ethnomethodology and conversation analysis to answer the following question: What embodied practices are used to negotiate overlaps while maintaining interactional synchrony? In addition to lexical repetition strategies identified in earlier work, these closely timed sequences of overlap are successful because they engage multiple articulators coordinated across signers. Further, it appears that these practices that are symbolic of the joint coordination of co-constructed discourse are a behavior that signers both willingly engage in to achieve specific interactive tasks, namely clarification-seeking, confirmation, and coordinated depiction. Results do not only account for how deaf signers achieve collaborative overlaps but also reveal the interactive reasons why signers engage in these seemingly messy moments of interaction.
Advancing Integrated Photonics feature issue introduction
Authors: Feng Liang , Liu Junqiu , Wang Cheng
Published: May 2024

We give an introduction to the feature issue composed of eight articles on Advancing Integrated Photonics.
Frameworks for procurement, integration, monitoring, and evaluation of artificial intelligence tools in clinical settings: A systematic review
Authors: Khan Sarim Dawar , Hoodbhoy Zahra , Raja Mohummad Hassan Raza , Kim Jee Young , Hogg Henry David Jeffry , Manji Afshan Anwar Ali , Gulamali Freya , Hasan Alifia , Shaikh Asim , Tajuddin Salma , Khan Nida Saddaf , Patel Manesh R. , Balu Suresh , Samad Zainab , Sendak Mark P.
Published: May 2024

Research on the applications of artificial intelligence (AI) tools in medicine has increased exponentially over the last few years but its implementation in clinical practice has not seen a commensurate increase with a lack of consensus on implementing and maintaining such tools. This systematic review aims to summarize frameworks focusing on procuring, implementing, monitoring, and evaluating AI tools in clinical practice. A comprehensive literature search, following PRSIMA guidelines was performed on MEDLINE, Wiley Cochrane, Scopus, and EBSCO databases, to identify and include articles recommending practices, frameworks or guidelines for AI procurement, integration, monitoring, and evaluation. From the included articles, data regarding study aim, use of a framework, rationale of the framework, details regarding AI implementation involving procurement, integration, monitoring, and evaluation were extracted. The extracted details were then mapped on to the Donabedian Plan, Do, Study, Act cycle domains. The search yielded 17,537 unique articles, out of which 47 were evaluated for inclusion based on their full texts and 25 articles were included in the review. Common themes extracted included transparency, feasibility of operation within existing workflows, integrating into existing workflows, validation of the tool using predefined performance indicators and improving the algorithm and/or adjusting the tool to improve performance. Among the four domains (Plan, Do, Study, Act) the most common domain was Plan (84%, n = 21), followed by Study (60%, n = 15), Do (52%, n = 13), & Act (24%, n = 6). Among 172 authors, only 1 (0.6%) was from a low-income country (LIC) and 2 (1.2%) were from lower-middle-income countries (LMICs). Healthcare professionals cite the implementation of AI tools within clinical settings as challenging owing to low levels of evidence focusing on integration in the Do and Act domains. The current healthcare AI landscape calls for increased data sharing and knowledge translation to facilitate common goals and reap maximum clinical benefit.
WHO framework on meaningful engagement: A transformational approach to integrate lived experience in the noncommunicable disease and mental health agenda
Authors: Fisher Jack , Fones Guy , Arivalagan Yvonne , Ahmadpour Ida , Akselrod Svetlana , Olsen Maia
Published: May 2024

As the global public health community continues to reflect and recover from the COVID-19 pandemic, noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), and mental health and neurological conditions remains one of the largest unmet gaps in progress towards meeting the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG). People living with these health conditions, particularly among those most marginalized, acutely understand the impact of these failures in global action and investment. Integrating lived experience into the NCD and mental health response can act as an accelerator for action. Through a participatory process to co-create the WHO Framework on Meaningful Engagement on NCDs, and Mental Health and Neurological Conditions, we conducted a mixed methods and semi-structured approach, including informal consultations, focus groups, in-depth interviews, online surveys, and a short film series, that captured the perspectives of 700 individuals from 111 countries, including 386 individuals with lived experience. Working alongside lived experience communities and other relevant stakeholders, we have established and co-created a set of principles, enablers and actions for operationalizing meaningful engagement, related to dignity and respect, power and equity, inclusivity and intersectionality, commitment and transparency, and institutionalization and contextualization. People with lived experience have a right to be equitably included in all levels of policy-setting, design and implementation of programs, and to have a central role in reforming and reorienting the structures and systems intended to address the complex multifactorial challenges that they face. WHO is committed to leveraging its role in global health to further operationalize meaningful engagement within WHO and its Member States.
Tanzania’s first Marburg Viral Disease outbreak response: Describing the roles of FELTP graduates and residents
Authors: Hussein Ally Kassim , Kishimba Rogath Saika , Simba Azma Ayoub , Urio Loveness John , Lema Nsiande Andrew , Mmbaga Vida Makundi , Mutayoba Beatrice Kemilembe , Malugu Nelson Edwin , Leonard Devotha , Hokororo Joseph , Kelly Maria Ezekiely , Paschal Albert , Ngenzi Danstan , Hellar James Andrew , Kauki George Cosmas , Saguti Grace Elizabeth , Yoti Zabulon , Mukurasi Kokuhabwa Irene , Mponela Marcelina , Mgomella George S. , Gatei Wangeci , Kaniki Issesanda , Swaminathan Mahesh , Kwesi Elias Masau , Nagu Tumaini Joseph
Published: May 2024

Viral Haemorrhagic Fever Outbreak presents a significant public health threat, requiring a timely, robust, and well-coordinated response. This paper aims to describe the roles of the Tanzania Field Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Program (TFELTP) graduates and residents in responding to Tanzania’s first Marburg Viral Disease (MVD) outbreak. We performed a secondary data analysis using a range of documents, such as rosters of deployed responders and the TFELTP graduate and resident database, to count and describe them. Additionally, we conducted an exploratory textual analysis of field deployment reports and outbreak situational reports to delineate the roles played by the residents and graduates within each response pillar. A total of 70 TFELTP graduates and residents from different regions were involved in supporting the response efforts. TFELTP graduates and residents actively participated in several interventions, including contact tracing and follow up, sensitising clinicians on surveillance tools such as standard case definitions, alert management, supporting the National and Kagera Regional Public Health Emergency Operations Centres, active case search, risk communication, and community engagement, coordination of logistics, passenger screening at points of entry, and conducting Infection Prevention and Control (IPC) assessments and orientations in 144 Health Facilities. The successes achieved and lessons learned from the MVD response lay a foundation for sustained investment in skilled workforce development. FELTP Training is a key strategy for enhancing global health security and strengthening outbreak response capabilities in Tanzania and beyond.
Can E-commerce development policies promote the high-quality development of agriculture?—A quasi-natural experiment based on a China’s E-commerce demonstration city
Authors: Zhong Yaoguang , Guo Fangfang , Wang Xi , Guo Junjun
Published: May 2024

As a new business model, E-commerce brings new changes to the global economy and society. So, can E-commerce development policies promote high-quality agricultural development? This article regards the pilot construction of national e-commerce demonstration cities as a quasi-natural experiment for the development of e-commerce. Based on the E-commerce pilot and economic and social development data of national prefecture-level cities from 2004 to 2018, the agricultural total factor productivity calculated by the Fare-Primont index method is used as the characterization of the quality of urban agricultural development, and an empirical model is constructed under the progressive Differences-in-Differences framework. This paper empirically tests the overall impact of E-commerce development on the high-quality development of agriculture and its sources, analyzes the heterogeneity and dynamics of the impact, and investigates the possible impact mechanism. The result shows that from the overall impact and its sources, the development of E-commerce in cities has a positive impact on the high-quality development of agriculture, and the impact is mainly due to its role in promoting technological innovation and economies of scale. From the perspective of heterogeneity, the larger the population size of a city, the more significant the level of e-conomic development or Internet development. From the perspective of the dynamic impact, the positive impact of e-commerce development becomes more significant over time. With the passage of time, the impact of E-commerce on high-quality agricultural development policies shows a trend of first increasing and then decreasing. Overall, this study provides empirical evidence for the rationality and effectiveness of policies and measures related to E-commerce to promote the high-quality development of agriculture.
Can COVID-19 herd immunity be achieved at a city level?
Authors: Arbel Yuval , Arbel Yifat , Kerner Amichai , Kerner Miryam
Published: May 2024

We propose a new approach to estimate the vaccination rates required to achieve herd immunity against SARS-COV2 virus at a city level. Based on information obtained from the Israeli Ministry of Health, we estimate two separate quadratic models, one for each dose of the BNT162b2 mRNA Pfizer vaccine. The dependent variable is the scope of morbidity, expressed as the number of cases per 10,000 persons. The independent variables are the first and second vaccination rates and their squares. The outcomes corroborate that herd immunity is achieved in the case that 71 percent of the urban population is vaccinated, and the minimum anticipated scope of morbidity is approximately 5 active COVID-19 cases per 10,000 persons, compared to 53–67 cases per 10,000 persons for zero vaccination rate. Findings emphasize the importance of vaccinations and demonstrate that urban herd immunity may be defined as a situation in which people continue to interact, yet the COVID-19 spread is contained. This, in turn, might prevent the need for lockdowns or other limitations at the city level.
Impact of an educational intervention on water, sanitation and hygiene knowledge, attitudes, and practices in early childhood development centres in low-socio-economic areas in the Nelson Mandela Bay, South Africa
Authors: Melariri Paula Ezinne , Teare June , Oyedele Opeoluwa , Eastwood Kirstie , ten Ham-Baloyi Wilma
Published: May 2024

Good water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) enhance healthy living and safe environments for child development. The study aimed to evaluate the impact of an educational intervention on WASH status, knowledge, attitudes and practices in early child development (ECD) centres in low socio-economic areas in the Nelson Mandela Bay in 2021. This quasi-experimental, one group, pre-post-test study elicited responses from 51 ECD practitioners (1 per ECD centre). Telephonic structured knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP) questionnaires were used. KAP was good among participants. The educational intervention significantly improved mean knowledge (p<0.001, 95% CI: 0.58–1.11) attitudes (p<0.001, 95% CI: 0.39–0.67) and practices (p = 0.001, 95% CI: 0.20–0.74). WASH knowledge was significantly impacted by toilet facilities ventilation status (p = 0.083) while WASH attitudes scores were significantly impacted by ventilation where the potties are kept (p = 0.041). WASH practice scores were significantly impacted by across the bush/field (no facility) (p = 0.021) and plastic potties usage (p = 0.057). The educational intervention significantly improved WASH-related knowledge, attitudes, and practices among ECD practitioners. WASH conditions in the ECD centres in the study area require additional interventions targeted to sustainable strategies to enhance behavioural modifications for acceptability and sustainability of intervention strategies.