bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perbaikan Akurasi Naïve Bayes dengan Chi-Square dan SMOTE Dalam Mengatasi High Dimensional dan Imbalanced Data Banjir
Authors: Rivaldo Vito Junivan , Siswa Tahgfirul Azhima Yoga , Pranoto Wawan Joko
Published: July 2024

Floods are one of the natural disasters that frequently occur in Indonesia. The city of Samarinda is affected by floods every year, resulting in significant losses. The data used in this study comes from the Regional Disaster Management Agency (BPBD) and the Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysics Agency (BMKG) for the years 2021-2023 in Samarinda. This data includes 11 attributes and 1095 records. Previous studies on data mining related to floods have been conducted. However, issues arise with high-dimensional data and data imbalance. High dimensionality leads to overfitting and reduced accuracy, while imbalanced data causes overfitting to the majority class and inaccurate representation. This study aims to improve the accuracy of the Naive Bayes algorithm in predicting high-dimensional and imbalanced flood data. The approach involves using the Chi-Square feature selection technique and oversampling with the Synthetic Minority Over-sampling Technique (SMOTE). Chi-Square is used to find optimal features for predicting floods and to enhance the accuracy of the Naive Bayes algorithm in predicting high-dimensional and imbalanced flood data. The validation method used is 10-fold cross-validation, and a confusion matrix model is employed to calculate accuracy values. The results of the study show that Chi-Square can identify four best features: average humidity (rh_avg), rainfall (rr), maximum wind direction (ddd_x), and most frequent wind direction (ddd_car). The use of the Naive Bayes algorithm with SMOTE achieved an accuracy of 71.58%. However, after applying Chi-Square feature selection, the accuracy dropped to 60.82%. This decline is attributed to the reduced number of minority classes after feature selection. Therefore, Chi-Square feature selection is not sufficiently effective in improving the accuracy of Naive Bayes on high-dimensional data.
Analisis Perbandingan Prediksi Tingkat Kemiskinan Menggunakan Metode XGBoost dan Random Forest Regression
Authors: Prastiyo Isnan Wisnu , Febriandirza Arafat
Published: July 2024

This research aims to compare the performance of two prediction algorithms, XGBoost Regression and Random Forest Regression, in predicting poverty levels in the DKI Jakarta area. For this research, researchers obtained data from the DKI Jakarta Central Statistics Agency (BPS) covering the period 2010 to 2023. The testing method used involved measuring Mean Squared Error (MSE) and Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) to assess the accuracy of predictions from the two algorithms. . The findings show that the Random Forest Regression algorithm generally produces more accurate predictions compared to the XGBoost Regression algorithm as seen from the test results on (MSE) and (MAPE) for most of the areas analyzed. As with MAPE for the West Jakarta area, the test results for XGBoost Regression were 1.43, while Random Forest Regression produced 1.42, so Random Forest Regression is better than XGBosst Regression. However, in the Seribu Islands, the MAPE for XGBoost is better with a value of 4.49 than for Random Forest Regression which has a value of 4.56. Then MSE Random Forest is better than XGBoost in this prediction test. For example, in the Central Jakarta area with a value of 0.02 for XGBoost Regression, while Random Forest Regression has a smaller test result with a value of 0.01.
Prediksi Cuaca Kabupaten Sleman Menggunakan Algoritma Random Forest
Authors: Taqiyuddin Muhammad , Bayu Sasongko Theopilus
Published: July 2024

Indonesia, as a tropical country, exhibits complex and varied weather patterns influenced by high temperatures, precipitation, and humidity throughout the year. This high weather variability often leads to uncertainties in weather forecasting, affecting sectors such as agriculture, transportation, and tourism. This study aims to predict the weather in Sleman Regency using the Random Forest algorithm to address forecasting uncertainties and provide more accurate predictions. The method involves collecting daily weather data from BMKG, conducting exploratory data analysis to understand data characteristics, and processing the data, including cleaning and normalization, before applying it to the Random Forest model. The study's goal is to improve the accuracy of weather predictions to support more precise and effective decision-making. Preliminary results show that the Random Forest model performs well with a Mean Absolute Error (MAE) of 0.060, Mean Squared Error (MSE) of 0.009, Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) of 0.094, and R-squared of 0.691. The model evaluation indicates good performance in predicting weather in the study area. With these results, the developed weather prediction model holds significant potential to enhance sustainability and operational efficiency in various sectors reliant on weather conditions.
Optimization of Perfume Sales through Data Mining with K-Means Algorithm
Authors: Rahayu Mia Setya , Yunita Ika Romadoni , Widiawati Chyntia Raras Ajeng
Published: July 2024

This time the research used the abc Parfume shop as the research site. This store offers various types of perfumes with different variants because, there are many variants so that not all perfumes sell quickly and some even do not sell at all. To recap sales and expenses in abc stores is still done manually so that it often causes mistakes in increasing stock and hinders the development of marketing strategies. The data that has been collected should be used as a decision-making system to solve business problems. For this reason, the author conducts data mining calculations that are carried out automatically in the hope of providing effective and maximum results in analyzing perfume sales at abc perfume stores. The application of Data Mining in collaboration with the K-Means Algorithm has proven to provide the best analysis and be a solution in developing the perfume business. The results of this study divided the clustering into three clusters for the final result there were nine cluster projects with nine products, cluster two with three products, and cluster three or the last cluster with thirteen products from a total of twenty-five data collected. The results of each cluster are grouped such as Cluster One which is the best seller, Cluster two is grouped to the middle position because sales are stable, while products in Cluster Cluster three are less in demand. This research was successfully conducted and contributed to a deeper understanding of the K-Means algorithm.
FATORES ASSOCIADOS A SINTOMAS DE ANEDONIA EM ADOLESCENTES
Authors: Melo Karine Costa , Gonçalves Francisca Tatiana Dourado , Silva Vitória Maria Carvalho , Batista Ana Karinne dos Santos , Almeida Ana Tereza Santos Dias de , Gonzaga Gerla Pereira , Vaz Antônio Cássio , Araujo Zaira Arthemisa Mesquita
Published: July 2024

Introdução: A adolescência é uma fase transicional da vida marcada por diversas modificações (tais como físicas, hormonais, cognitivas, comportamentais e emocionais), devido a essas alterações a saúde mental dos jovens podem ficar mais vulneráveis a determinados estímulos e situações, estando sujeitos a anedonia, estado emocional caracterizado como perda de prazer ou redução da reatividade a estímulos prazerosos. Objetivo: Investigar fatores associados a sintomas de anedonia em adolescentes. Método: Trata-se de uma pesquisa do tipo Revisão Integrativa, com a seguinte questão norteadora: Quais os fatores de risco comumente associado aos sintomas de anedonia em adolescente? Os descritores utilizados foram extraídos do Decs e Mesh terms e a busca foi realizada em três bases de dados, sendo elas Bireme, PubMed e Scopus. Resultados: A amostra foi composta por 10 estudos selecionados por meio da aplicação dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão, a maioria dos estudos avaliaram os níveis de anedonia e sua relação com outros transtornos, além de situações que favoreceriam o aparecimento de anedonia em adolescentes. Evidências sugerem que a anedonia pode influenciar no agravamento de transtornos mentais, como também pode surgir atreladas a eles, devido a exposição e experiências traumáticas principalmente na Infância. Conclusão: A investigação dos fatores associados a anedonia permite uma prevenção e ação clínica mais rápida, tornando possível que intervenções eficazes possam ser traçadas, para isso é preciso que pais, educadores e profissionais da saúde, principalmente de saúde mental, fiquem atentos e não ignorem sinais e sintomas de anedonia em adolescentes.
PARÂMETROS E EFEITOS DA TERAPIA POR FOTOBIOMODULAÇÃO EM ÚLCERAS DE PÉ DIABÉTICO: UMA REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA
Authors: Lima Silva Hugo , Ximenes Rodrigues Silva Cianny , Pereira Santos Francisco Dimitre Rodrigo , Santos Belfort Marcia  Guelma , Santos de Almeida Tavares Hanari , Barros Fernandes Arthur , De Andrade Arrais Rosa Claudia Regina
Published: July 2024

Objetivo: verificar os parâmetros e os efeitos da terapia por fotobiomodulação em úlceras de pé diabético. Método: revisão sistemática seguindo os critérios de Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and MetaAnalyses. Utilizamos as bases eletrônicas de dados: Cochrane Library, Embase, MEDLINE/PubMed (via National Library of Medicine), Scopus e Web of Science e como estratégia de busca os Descritores em Ciências da Saúde/Medical Subject Headings, combinamos aos operadores booleanos, operadores de truncamento e extratores de busca. Incluímos ensaios clínicos que utilizaram fotobiomodulação em adultos de ambos os gêneros com diabetes mellitus e feridas/úlceras diabéticas de membros inferiores. Resultados: o laser de baixa intensidade foi usado como intervenção para a cicatrização de úlceras diabéticas em três dos estudos analisados e um estudo utilizou o Light Emitting Diodes como intervenção terapêutica. Notamos que os parâmetros da fotobiomodulação utilizados no tratamento de úlceras de pé diabético variam substancialmente. A terapia por fotobiomodulação é uma intervenção que melhora e auxilia no processo de cicatrização em pacientes com pés diabéticos. Conclusão: foi notório que os parâmetros da fotobiomodulação utilizados no tratamento de úlceras de pé diabético variam substancialmente e apresentam resultados benéficos.
O SIGNIFICADO DE SER MULHER COM ESTOMIA DE ELIMINAÇÃO EM TEMPOS CONTEMPOR NEOS
Authors: Henrique dos Santos Lino Matheus , Carvalho Santos Jennifer , Oliveira Carneiro Geovanna , Scarmanha Vecha Sthefany , Rodrigues Rosado Sara
Published: July 2024

Introdução: A vida das mulheres no mercado de trabalho é desafiadora, e ser estomizada agrava essa dificuldade. A reabilitação dessas pacientes busca sua inclusão social e retorno ao trabalho, essenciais para autoestima e sensação de utilidade. No entanto, enfrentam barreiras sociais, preconceito e falta de conhecimento, dificultando a reintegração laboral. A alteração da imagem corporal pela estomia afeta negativamente a percepção de corpo, sexualidade e beleza, aumentando a insegurança e constrangimento, especialmente em relação à bolsa coletora. A insatisfação sexual é comum, dificultando a autoimagem como pessoas atraentes e sexuais. Objetivo: Compreender o significado de ser mulher com estomia de eliminação em tempos contemporâneos. Método: Estudo qualitativo, descritivo e exploratório, com nove mulheres com estomias de eliminação. A coleta de dados foi por meio de entrevistas utilizando questões norteadoras, diário de campo e observação participante e os dados foram analisados através da Análise Temática de Conteúdo. Resultados: A média de idade das  participantes é de 44 anos, sendo quatro com Ileostomia e cinco com Colostomia. Tiveram como diagnóstico: doença de Crohn, endometriose, retocolite ulcerativa, tumor desmóide, câncer colorretal, polipose adenomatosa familiar e doença de Hirschsprung. Através da análise das falas, foi extraído três categorias: “Dificuldades e Adaptação após a confecção da estomia”, “Profissão e Ocupação após a confecção de estoma” e “Autoimagem e sexualidade da mulher com estomia”. Conclusão: Ser mulher estomizada abrange grandes dificuldades e adaptações necessárias para uma melhor qualidade de vida e retomada das atividades, sendo um desafio para todas.
Human Resources in Health Management: A Bibliometric Review
Authors: Mermerkaya Samet
Published: July 2024

Aim: The complex relationship between health management and human resources requires extensive study. Effective management, productivity, and quality increase in this field is possible through the strategic management of human resources. This study aimed to classify and analyze articles in health management journals under various subheadings.
Methods: In this study, the contents of human resources-themed articles in the field of health management in journals registered in the DergiPark system, published between 2018 and 2023, with the phrase "health management" or "health administration" in the journal name, were examined by bibliometric analysis. The collected data were processed in Microsoft Office 365. The field of human resources was divided into various subheadings.
Results: 181 articles selected were analyzed. Because of the bibliometric analysis, it was determined that the highest number of publications on human resources in health management were in the Hacettepe Journal of Health Administration, the years with the highest number of publications were 2023, the most studied sub-topic was the behavioral dimension, there were more double-authored publications, research articles, and quantitative methods were more preferred. The two scales were the most used quantitative methods. Conclusion: The analyses in this study are expected to provide guiding information to researchers, policymakers, and health managers.
Island and Beach -based Model: A Nature-based Health Tourism Practice at tourism destination
Authors: Parashar Arunesh , Agarwal Prachi
Published: July 2024

This research paper explores the Island and Beach-Based Model as an emerging paradigm in nature-based health tourism. With a focus on coastal and island destinations, this model integrates the therapeutic benefits of nature with health and wellness practices, which investigates the diverse advantages of island and beach environments for physical, mental, and spiritual well-being, emphasizing the potential impact on tourism destinations. It will focus on the development of island-model that also addresses some different opposite aspects. By examining the attributes of coastal settings, contributes to the understanding of how Islands can be implemented as a holistic approach to health tourism.
Does Valuing Happiness Lead to Well-Being?
Authors: Huang Kuan-Ju
Published: July 2024

Happiness has become one of the most important life goals worldwide. However, does valuing happiness lead to better well-being? This study investigates the effect of valuing happiness on well-being using a population-based longitudinal survey of Dutch adults (N = 8,331) from 2019 to 2023. Random-intercept cross-lagged panel models indicated that those who valued happiness generally exhibited higher well-being as manifested by life satisfaction, more positive affect, and less negative affect. However, increases in valuing happiness did not result in changes in life satisfaction one year later, and had mixed emotional consequences (i.e., increasing both positive and negative affect). Additional analyses using fixed effects models indicated that valuing happiness had contemporaneous positive effects on well-being. These findings indicate that endorsing happiness goals may have immediate psychological benefits but not necessarily translate into long-term positive outcomes.
New Properties of HM16 Ether, with Submicroparticles as Self-Functional Cells Interacting through Percussion Forces, Establishing Nature of Electrical Charges, including Gravitation
Authors: Has Ioan , Miclaus Simona , Has Aurelian
Published: July 2024

Article continues and complements our previous articles on the HM16 ether (ETH) model. Here, we describe the mechanism of occurrence of the submicroparticle (SMP). A general hypothesis, HFVI, is introduced for the modali-ties of interaction between two SMPs, based on periodic mechanical percussion forces, produced by fundamental vibrations FVs. A mechanism for describing the interaction between a SMPs and the ETH is presented. Positive and negative particles are defined by their membrane types of movement, such as +,−u/+,−v vibrations, and rotations at speeds +Ω/−Ω. The process of creating a pair of SMPs is discussed. Applying HFVI to the interaction between pairs of SMPs immobile in ETH, and considering longitudinal FVL, was obtained the forces of attraction/repulsion +FL21/–FL21, which correspond to the completed Coulomb force FCC including gravitation. The resultant FRL21 will form an oriented field of forces, which is a quasielectric field QE, equivalent to actual E electric field. Considering transversal FVT, was obtained the vibratory forces +,−FT21, whose resultant forms an vibrating field of forces, QHs, a quasimagnetic special field, which may explain some of the quantum properties of SMPs. Considering a mobile SMP, two new γ strains in ETH appear. Strains γL are created by the displacement of SMP with velocity V, whose force +,−FT12 is the support of a component of the magnetic field H (quasimagnetic field QH), giving the QHL component. Strains γR are created by the rotation of SMP with speed Ω, whose force +, −FR12 constitutes physical support of the component QHR of magnetic field H (i.e. QH). The creation of a photon PH is modelled as a special ESMP containing two zones of opposed rota-tions, and a mechanism is presented for its movement in the ETH with speed c based on the HS hypothesis of screwing in ETH, with frequency ν.
Territorial Conquest and the Nationalization of Elite Identities
Authors: Valli Roberto
Published: July 2024

Territorial conquest is commonly assumed to create national backlash among the conquered population. This paper argues that conquest might actually promote assimilation into the conquering nation, at least among the elite population. I test the argument on Alsace-Lorraine, a region annexed twice by Germany and France between 1850 and 1938. Using novel spatial data on historical book publications to measure revealed identities of local elites and a difference-in-differences design, I find that both conquests caused large linguistic shifts toward the language of the conquering state. This assimilation effect was driven by incentives set from both economic opportunities and discriminatory language policy. Moreover, conquest led to increased regionalist publications, which I argue served as a tool for peripheral elites to advocate regional interests while assimilating into the conquering nation. These findings shed new light on the assumption that conflict hardens identities and improve our understanding of the nexus between nation-building and regionalism.
Selective emotion regulation in creative art therapy: Psychophysiological engagement during painting reduces anxiety
Authors: Bellaiche Lucas , Lihardo Kayla , Williams Chloe , Chaffee Jill , LaBar Kevin S , Seli Paul
Published: July 2024

Art therapy, which employs creative activities such as painting to aid in emotion regulation, is gaining increased attention for its potential therapeutic value. However, empirical research on its affective regulatory mechanisms is limited and often hampered by methodological issues, making it difficult to isolate the effects of the cognitive and behavioral components involved in art-making. This study aims to clarify the role of creative expression in the emotional benefits of aesthetic production. We conducted a pre-registered, randomized controlled study with 99 participants to assess the behavioral and physiological effects of abstract painting on emotion regulation. Abstract painting was chosen for its feasibility of implementation in a laboratory setting, its capacity for creative expression, and its avoidance of technical skill requirements that could introduce confounding emotional associations. In a multi-day cross-over design, participants completed both an abstract painting task and a non-creative maze-completion control task matched in duration, environment, and motor engagement. Results showed that painting significantly and selectively reduced state anxiety compared to the control task. This reduction was mediated by higher cognitive engagement (i.e., reduced boredom) during painting. Additionally, painting elicited higher baseline-corrected heart rate than the control task, particularly among individuals who frequently engage in creative activities. Increased physiological engagement during painting further predicted greater anxiety reduction. These findings highlight the multi-modal determinants of emotional improvement during artistic production, providing empirical support for the therapeutic benefits of art therapy.
Integrated optical artificial intelligence chips based on wavelength-division multiplexing
Authors: Moss David
Published: July 2024

Optical neural networks (ONNs), or optical neuromorphic hardware accelerators, have the potential to dramatically enhance the computing power and energy efficiency of mainstream electronic processors, due to their ultra-large bandwidths of up to 10’s of terahertz together with their analog architecture that avoids the need for reading and writing data back-and-forth. Different multiplexing techniques have been demonstrated to demonstrate ONNs, amongst which wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) techniques make sufficient use of the unique advantages of optics in terms of broad bandwidths. Here, we review recent advances in WDM-based ONNs, focusing on methods that use integrated microcombs to implement ONNs. We present results for human image processing using an optical convolution accelerator operating at 11 Tera operations per second. The open challenges and limitations of ONNs that need to be addressed for future applications are also discussed.
Interoceptive grounding of conceptual knowledge: new insight from an interoceptive-exteroceptive categorization task of concepts
Authors: Barca Laura , M.Diana Salvatore , Duarte Daniela Coutiño , Porciello Giuseppina , Borghi Anna M.
Published: July 2024

The role of interoception, the perception of internal bodily signals, in shaping our understanding of concepts remains an intriguing and understudied area of research. Here, we investigate the interoceptive foundation of conceptual representation, particularly for abstract concepts compared to concrete ones. Employing a mouse-tracking paradigm, participants categorized abstract and concrete concepts as interoceptive (i.e., experienced through internal bodily sensations) or exteroceptive (i.e., experienced through the five perceptual senses), with the concepts varying in their degree of interoceptive grounding (emotional, philosophical, natural, artifact). The interoceptive dimension was particularly crucial for abstract-emotional concepts, as revealed by the lower likelihood of misclassifying them than the abstract-philosophical ones. Movement trajectories showed the implicit activation of interoceptive features during the categorization of concrete-natural concepts, thus beyond the abstract-emotional ones. To account for individual differences in attending to bodily signals, participants performed a cardioception task (heartbeat counting). Individuals with greater sensitivity to their heartbeat were faster in conceptual categorization, particularly when exteroceptively categorizing concrete-natural concepts. Taken together, our findings emphasize the multifaceted nature of conceptual knowledge, encompassing interoceptive dimensions alongside others.
Investigation of Response Aggregation Methods in Divergent Thinking Assessments
Authors: Saretzki Janika , Andrae Rosalie , Forthmann Boris , Benedek Mathias
Published: July 2024

Divergent thinking (DT) ability is widely regarded as a central cognitive capacity underlying creativity. The scoring of DT performance, however, is challenging since DT tasks yield a variable number of responses with varying levels of creative quality. Over the years, many different approaches for the scoring of DT tasks have been proposed, which differ in how single responses are evaluated and how response scores are aggregated within a task. The present study aimed to identify methods that maximize psychometric quality while also reducing the confounding effect of DT fluency. We compared traditional scoring approaches of summative scoring and average scoring to more recent methods such as snapshot scoring as well as top- and max-scoring for varying numbers of top/max responses. We further explored the potential moderating role of task complexity as well as metacognitive abilities. A diverse sample of 300 participants was recruited via Prolific. Reliability evidence of DT scores was assessed in terms of internal consistency, and concurrent criterion validity in terms of correlations with real-life creative behavior, creative self-beliefs, and openness to experience. Findings confirm that alternative aggregation methods effectively reduce the confounding effect of DT fluency observed in summative scoring. Reliability tends to increase as a function of the number of included responses with three responses as a minimal requirement for decent reliability evidence. Convergent validity was highest for snapshot scoring as well as max-scoring when using a medium number of about three ideas.
Tomotectonics of Cordilleran North America since Jurassic times: double-sided subduction, archipelago collisions, and Baja-BC translation
Authors: Sigloch Karin , Mihalynuk Mitchell
Published: July 2024

Tomotectonics uses deep mantle structure in order to hindcast paleo-trenches, by spatially superposing subducted lithosphere (slabs) imaged by seismic tomography with plate reconstructions at the surface. The two geophysical datasets combined make predictions about geologic events, specifically about volcanic arcs and their collisions with continents. The tomotectonic null hypothesis is simple, predictive and testable. It uses land geological observations for validation. We explain the method, with a clear conceptual separation of its hypothesis-generating stage (using geophysics and the hypothesis of vertical slab sinking) from its subsequent hypothesis-testing stage (using geological observations from accretionary orogens). With the North American Cordillera as a case study, we generate a full suite of tomotectonic inferences on the slab assemblage that now occupies the mantle under North America to depths of 1800-2000 km. We reason why this assemblage originated as a completely intra-oceanic archipelago of paleo-trenches at a time of worldwide tectonic reorganization: around 200-170 Ma, when the Atlantic began to spread and the Pacific plate was born. An Archipelago is circumscribed by trenches that pull in seafloor from (at least) two sides: here, roughly from the east and from the west. North America was pulled westward by, and overrode, the westward-subducting arcs. These collisions since ~150 Ma caused the Nevadan and Sevier orogenies, and spawned the eastward-subducting arc that built Sierra Nevada Batholith ~120-80 Ma. From ~110-50 Ma, the continent collided with the arc of future Central Alaska and with the Farallon arc of the Pacific Northwest, which sat offshore until ~90-50 Ma. Override of this double-sided arc pair enabled a range of collision styles, including the Baja-BC northward sprint and its accretion to Central Alaska. Tomotectonics infers large-scale northward displacement of Insular Superterrane since its accretion, which provides independent support for the “Baja-BC” hypothesis of paleomagnetism.
The first seismo-volcanological observatory on Montserrat
Authors: Pyle David , Mahony Martin , Barclay Jenni , Pascal Karen , Joseph Erouscilla , Davies Bridie , Williams Thiffanie , Scarlett Jazmin
Published: July 2024

The first seismo-volcanological observatory in the anglophone Caribbean was established on Montserrat in 1936, in response to a volcano-seismic crisis that began in in 1933. Staff at Montserrat’s agricultural office began routinely observing earthquake shocks in 1934. In 1936, following a scientific expedition dispatched by the Royal Society, an observatory was established at the Grove Botanical Station, Plymouth. This was run by volcano-seismic observers who managed an instrumental network, and monitored gas and steam emissions and air quality. The observatory functioned until 1946. We reconstruct decision-making, and evolution of the instrument networks as the observatory was established, and highlight the personnel involved, including the first female seismo-volcanic observer on Montserrat, Greta Scotland. Observations from the 1930s crisis emphasise the persistent seismicity and gas emissions associated with this extended episode of unrest, and suggest that there were minor phreatic explosions at the height of the crisis. We draw parallels with long-term observations of the activity of the Soufrière Hills Volcano since the 1990s.
Signal and noise in the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation at 26°N
Authors: McCarthy Gerard , Hug Guillaume , Smeed David , Moat Ben
Published: July 2024

The Meridional Overturning Circulation (MOC) is key to the redistribution of heat and is projected to weaken due to climate change. The RAPID mooring array observes the strength of the MOC, showing an overall weakening of 1.4 Sv/decade from 2004–2022. However, the significance of this trend is controversial. Here we consider the RAPID observations in a signal-to-noise framework to understand where low frequency, climatic signals are strongest. There is a strong signal in Lower North Atlantic Deepwater (LNADW) transports. In contrast, we find little signal and significant noise in Ekman tranpsorts. We remove the influence of the Ekman transport on MOC and LNADW estimates, reducing the noise by 30% and 22% respectively. We find a simple model of LNADW has a comparable signal-to-noise ratio as the full MOC estimate. Understanding the sources of ‘noise’ and ‘signal’ is key to timely detection of climatic change in the MOC.
On the influence of pressure, phase transitions, and water on large-scale seismic anisotropy underneath a subduction zone
Authors: Magali John Keith , Thomas Christine , Ledoux Estelle Elisa , Capdeville Yann , Merkel Sebastien
Published: July 2024

Seismic anisotropy mainly originates from the crystallographic preferred orientation (CPO) of minerals deformed in the convective mantle flow. While fabric transitions have been previously observed in experiments, their influence on large-scale anisotropy is not well documented. Here, we implement 2D geodynamic models of intra-oceanic subduction coupled with mantle fabric modelling to investigate the combined effect of pressure (P)- and water-dependent microscopic flow properties of upper mantle and upper transition zone (UTZ) minerals, respectively, on large-scale anisotropy. Our results for the upper mantle correlate well with observations, implying that the P-dependence of olivine fabrics is sufficient to explain the variability of anisotropy. Meanwhile, a dry UTZ tends to be near-isotropic whereas a relatively wet UTZ could produce up to 1% azimuthal and ∼ 2% radial anisotropy. Because water facilitates CPO development, it is therefore likely a requirement to explain the presence of anisotropy in the transition zone close to subducting slabs.
Parent-child mismatches in educational aspirations: Prevalence, stability, and convergence over time
Authors: Dräger Jascha , Burger Kaspar
Published: July 2024

Parent-child mismatches in educational aspirations may negatively affect child development. We examine (1) the prevalence of mismatching aspirations across school grades 3–9 (ages 8–15), (2) their stability over time, and (3) whether mismatching aspirations converge to parents’ or to children’s aspirations. We use data from two German National Educational Panel Study cohorts (“kindergarten”: N=4,217, 48.3% female, 18.3% immigrants; “5th grade”: N=3,908, 48.6% female, 16.5% immigrants). Findings indicate that in grade 3, 30% of parent-child dyads have mismatching aspirations; this percentage shrinks to 14-22% across grades 4–9. Mismatching aspirations are relatively instable. Among younger children, aspirations mostly converge to their parents’ aspirations. Among older children, aspirations tend to converge in both directions.
Mixture Model Applications in Depression Phenotyping: Practices, Challenges, and Recommendations
Authors: Liu Qimin
Published: July 2024

Applications of mixture models are prevalent in studying psychopathology across development, particularly for identifying typical co-occurring symptom presentations (or phenotypes) in depression. Researchers has used both longitudinal and cross-sectional with varied statistical methods. The current study focused on studies that applied latent profile analysis, latent class growth analysis, growth mixture models to phenotype continuously treated depressive symptoms. The current study aims to (a) provide a brief overview of common mixture models that are used in depression phenotyping, (b) review empirical applications of these methods in cross-sectional and longitudinal research of depression, (c) discuss the methodological considerations and recommendations in identifying phenotypes of depression when continuously treated symptoms are used. In 72 studies, we found heterogeneity in mixture model specification, selection, and interpretation. We identified three challenges in current practices: a “garbage in, garbage out” problem, inconsistent use and reporting of model selection criteria, and diverse, incomparable, and incomplete phenotype characterizations. We recommend: (1) in model specification, select and justify measures and models based on research question, (2) in model comparison, report BIC and bootstrapped likelihood ratio tests of all compared models and ground model selection on philosophy of science, (3) in model interpretation, provide all parameter estimates and use R2 measures for class characterization.
Challenges Regarding the Integration of Ethnomathematical Perspectives into Geometry Teaching: The Faculty Reflection
Authors: Kyeremeh Patrick , Awuah Francis Kwadwo , Orey Daniel Clark
Published: July 2024

A significant gap exists, as research has revealed that teaching mathematics in classrooms is usually unrelated to the sociocultural contexts of the learners. This embedded mixed methods study explored the challenges mathematics teacher educators face in integrating ethnomathematical perspectives into Euclidean geometry teaching in the classroom. Eight mathematics teacher educators were included in the qualitative phase through purposive sampling. The qualitative data obtained through interviews and focus groups were analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis. On the other hand, 128 mathematics teacher educators were included in the quantitative phase through cluster and quota sampling. The quantitative data obtained through the survey was analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test. The mathematics teacher educators' accounts revealed college and educator-related challenges, including inadequate/lack of cultural examples in the geometry curriculum, a lack of clarity on how to integrate ethnomathematical approaches into geometry teaching in the curriculum, cultural diversity, financial constraints, time constraints, and gender discrimination. The quantitative study observed a statistically significant difference between the male and female cases in their response to the challenge of inadequate/lack of cultural examples in the geometry curriculum. In all, the findings obtained from the qualitative investigation revealed differences among male and female mathematics teacher educators regarding what they perceive as challenges regarding the integration of ethnomathematical perspectives. Implications for teaching and future research are reported.
Assessment of the vegetation state of the coastal ecosystems of the Caspian Sea northern part (within Azerbaijan) and their transformation
Authors: Asadova Kamala K. , Abdiyeva Rena T. , Mehdiyeva Naiba P. , Mursal Nigar
Published: July 2024

This article provides the results of monitoring the flora and vegetation of the northern part of the Caspian Sea in modern conditions, analyzes the species composition and vegetation cover of the coastal strip, compiles the succession series of vegetation depending on the coastal zonation, and also considers factors such as anthropogenic activity and the impact of lichens. On the basis of the obtained materials, possible options for the further development of vegetation are predicted with possible fluctuations in the level of the Caspian Sea in the future.
On the presence of Peronaea planata afroccidentalis (Cosel, 1995) (Bivalvia Tellinidae) from Iberian Lower Pliocene Atlantic deposit
Authors: Brunetti Mauro M.
Published: July 2024

The study of numerous malacological material coming from the Iberian Lower Pliocene Atlantic deposit has made it possible to confirm the fossil presence of Peronaea planata afroccidentalis (Cosel, 1995) (Bivalvia Tellinidae) previously considered only a form of Peronaea planata (Linnaeus, 1758).
A new species of Pusia Swainson, 1840 from southern Turkey (Gastropoda Costellariidae)
Authors: Amati Bruno
Published: July 2024

Pusia (Ebenomitra) angeloamatii, a new species of the genus Pusia Swainson, 1840 (Gastropoda Costellariidae), is described based on empty shells from the coasts of southern Turkey (Eastern Mediterranean Sea). It is compared with other species of the genus. Uromitra hypatiae Pallary, 1912 (currently Vexillum hypatiae) is transferred to Pusia based on characters of shell morphology (Pusia hypatiae comb. nov.).
Finding of Marginella caterinae Bozzetti et G. Raybaudi, 1991 (Volutoidea Marginellidae) in Dhofar (Sultanate of Oman) and description of a sympatric sibling species
Authors: Boyer Franck , Rosado José
Published: July 2024

Marginella caterinae Bozzetti et G. Raybaudi, 1991 (Volutoidea Marginellidae), descrive from Somalia, is revised on the ground of specimens collected along the central coast of the Dhofar, Oman. A sibling species collected in sympatry is described as M. gabrielae n. sp. The shell variability of both species is discussed, and their animal chromatism is illustrated. The generic placement of this species group is discussed, as well as its affinities with the species group of M. cloveri Rios et Matthews, 1972 distributed off equatorial and tropical Brazil.
Revision of the wavy ornated cystiscids (Volutoidea Cistiscidae) from the Dhofar (southern Oman) and description of new taxa
Authors: Boyer Franck
Published: July 2024

The cystiscids species (Volutoidea Cistiscidae) from the Dhofar (southern Oman) with wavy ornated shells are revised on the ground of semi-intensive samplings, mainly operated off Mirbat (Central Dhofar) and more incidentally in other places off Central and Western Dhofar. This species complex, alternatively placed by authors in the genus Persicula Schumacher, 1817 or in the genus Gibberula Swainson, 1840, is considered to belong to a well-distinctive disbranching among the Cystiscidae, and its placement in a new genus Sagittalia n. gen. is proposed, with Marginella sagittata Hinds, 1844 as type species. Seven cystiscid species from the Dhofar are proposed in this new genus, two of them previously described as Persicula masirana Roth et Petit, 1972, and Gibberula peterbonuttii Cossignani et Lorenz, 2018, four of them being described as new: Sagittalia anapaulae n. sp. from Mirbat and the Saadah (Central Dhofar), S. willeminae n. sp. from Salalah (Western Dhofar), S. eloiseae n. sp. from Western and Central Dhofar, S. vickydobsonae Boyer et Childs n. sp. and S. peterbonuttii (Cossignani et Lorenz, 2018), both from Mirbat and the Saadah (Central Dhofar), and an undescribed species of Sagittalia sp. A only known by one specimen collected at 24–28 m depth off Mirbat are discussed. Two main phenetic clusters are recognized in this fauna: the cluster S. anapaulae/S. willeminae and the cluster S. eloiseae/S. vickydobsonae/S. peterbonuttii, whereas the relationship of S. masirana and of Sagittalia sp. remains unstated, despite their closely matching animal chromatism. Comparison is proposed with other wavy ornated species from the Arabian Region and from other regions of the Indo-Pacific and Atlantic Provinces, with the analogous fossil fauna documented from the French mid-Eocene and with Recent brother-groups of zig zag ornated cystiscids with reduced number of waves.
Enhancing shopping centers’ media visibility
Authors: Pedreño-Santos Ana
Published: July 2024

Introduction: In times of crisis such as a war, pandemic or meteorological hazard, companies face a double challenge: communicating with the consumer both from a commercial point of view and communicating to the consumer the instructions to follow derived from the risk situation. This research provides a conceptual and managerial overview of the components generating media impact in times of health crisis. Methodology:  First, seventeen components are identified and grouped in three dimensions: content, format and organisation. We study the communication strategy of four shopping centres during the week of the reopening of the shopping centres after the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown of March-May 2020 in Madrid, Spain. Second, 164 news stories are analysed with a panel of experts and a principal component analysis, to determine the components of communication that present higher impact on media Results: Shopping centres media visibility in times of crisis, increase by using intuitive content that generates learning and security, in a format that details instructions clearly. Conclusions: It is a must for companies to have previously worked on building credibility and brand awareness, in order get space in media during crisis periods.
Role of Large-Format Shops in the Food Retail Market in Poland during the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Merło Paweł
Published: July 2024

Crisis events in the past few years, including the COVID-19 pandemic, have in many cases laid bare insufficient resilience to changes in demand among businesses operating in Poland, particularly those in the service sector. Many have had to modify their way of distributing goods and to adjust to the new circumstances. As for the food retail sector in Poland, despite numerous restrictions and difficulties that consumers faced when visiting grocery shops, fluctuations in levels of food sales were relatively small. Large-format shops proved relatively adaptable, as they had already been using various distribution channels before the pandemic, and to a large extent this experience granted them quite a smooth passage through the pandemic. An important characteristic of supermarkets and hypermarkets is that their owners tend to have a large capital at their disposal, which additionally strengthens the resilience of such retail outlets to periodic crises, in contrast to smaller shops, whose financial cushion is much smaller, rendering them far more exposed to negative consequences of crises.
The Effects of Cities' Membership in the Cittaslow Network in the Opinion of their Residents: the Example of Barczewo and Biskupiec
Authors: Wierzbicka Wioletta , Mociun Katarzyna
Published: July 2024

The aim of the research was to assess the effects of cities' membership in the Polish National Cittaslow Network based on the opinions of their residents. An attempt was made to identify both positive and negative effects felt in cities and to determine in which areas they occur most. The study used the survey research method. The survey questionnaire was addressed to residents of two slow cities: Biskupiec and Barczewo. Most respondents indicated positive effects of membership in the Cittaslow network. The most benefits were indicated in three areas of the city's functioning: increased tourist attractiveness, expanded cultural offer of the city and better promotion of the city. Importantly, the majority of respondents support the city's continued membership in the network and believe that it will accelerate the economic growth rate and the city's long-term development.
Molecular profile and clinical outcome of adult primary spinal cord glioblastoma: a systematic review
Authors: Ezzat Bahie , Young Tirone , Schüpper Alexander J. , Kalagara Roshini , Zhang Jack Y. , Lemonick Michael , Bhanot Priya , Quinones Addison , Choudhri Tanvir , Germano Isabelle M.
Published: July 2024

OBJECTIVE

Primary spinal cord glioblastoma (scGB) is a rare and aggressive spinal glioma, making up 7.5% of such cases. Whereas molecular profiles associated with improved overall survival (OS) are well studied for cranial glioblastoma (GB), the molecular characteristics of scGB are less documented. This review sought to document the molecular signatures of scGB, explore current treatment strategies, and evaluate clinical outcomes.

METHODS

A systematic literature review following the PRISMA guidelines searched the PubMed, Embase, and CENTRAL databases (January 1, 2013, to October 14, 2023) using glioblastoma-, spine-, and genetics-related keywords. Inclusion criteria were English-language articles on humans with histologically confirmed primary scGB, excluding drop metastases. Data on demographic characteristics, treatments, molecular profile, and outcome were extracted.

RESULTS

Over 10 years, 71 patients with adult primary scGB were reported in 31 papers. Most patients were located in Asia (53%) and the United States (23%). The median (range) age was 32 (24–47) years, with 61% of patients male. Tumors occurred primarily in the thoracic region (42%). Clinical presentation included motor deficits (92%), sensory deficits (86%), neck/back pain (68%), and bowel/bladder dysfunction (59%). Patients underwent subtotal resection (51%), gross-total resection (GTR) (23%), and biopsy (26%). Postoperative adjuvant treatment included concomitant external beam radiation therapy (XRT) and temozolomide (TMZ) in the majority of cases (66%), as well as palliative care without adjuvant treatment (17%). The molecular signature of scGB was similar to its cranial counterpart in terms of MGMT-promoter methylation (40% increased methylation) and higher for mutant TERT (50%) but decreased for wild-type tumor protein p53 (41% decreased mutation). Median (range) OS was 10 (6–18) months, and median progression-free survival (PFS) was 7 (3–10) months. PFS was significantly higher in patients treated with XRT/TMZ: median 15 months vs 4.5 months (95% CI −1.32 to 22.56, p < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS

Primary scGB remains a rare disease with notable variations in treatment, potentially influenced by geographical availability. The observed molecular profile, when compared to that of cranial GB, emphasizes the need for further genomic validation and data collection. Surgical advancements to overcome the challenges of accomplishing GTR may contribute to improved OS.