bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La espacio-temporalidad de los trabajadores agrarios transitorios. Notas para un abordaje teórico-conceptual y metodológico/ The spatio-temporality of temporary agrarian workers. Notes for a theoretical-conceptual and methodological approach
Authors: Venturini Juan Pablo , Castro Hortensia
Published: December 2018

El modelo del agronegocio en América Latina, marcado por el imperativo de flexibilidad, el desarrollo tecnológico y la producción en red ha supuesto profundas transformaciones en el empleo y en las pautas de movilidad territorial de capitales y trabajadores agrarios. Pese a su escasa visibilidad en los estudios recientes, los asalariados transitorios migrantes son un grupo complejo y heterogéneo, presente en una amplia variedad de mercados de trabajo. El objetivo de este artículo es reflexionar sobre la espacialidad de estos trabajadores, desde una perspectiva crítica. Se revisan los estudios sobre los trabajadores transitorios migrantes en América Latina (focalizando en Argentina, México y Brasil), con el fin de examinar el modo en que ha sido abordada la dimensión espacial, tomando como referencia el paso de las miradas estructuralistas sobre la movilidad a las post-estructuralistas. Se presenta un estudio de caso en el la región pampeana argentina, sobre asalariados especializados en nuevas tecnologías. Se desarrolla una propuesta teórico-conceptual y metodológica con eje en el concepto de “arreglo espacio-temporal”, el cual permite abordar de forma integrada y dialéctica los distintos sentidos de la espacialidad, la dimensión espacial y la temporal y las estrategias de los trabajadores en relación con las del capital.

Abstract

The model of agribusiness in Latin America, marked by the imperative of flexibility, technological development and network production, has led to profound changes in employment and in the patterns of spatial mobility of capital and agrarian workers. Despite their limited visibility in recent studies, migrant temporary agrarian workers are a complex and heterogeneous group, present in a wide variety of labor markets. The aim of this article is to reflect on the spatiality of these workers, from a critical perspective. We review studies referred to migrant temporary workers in Latin America (focusing on Argentina, Mexico and Brazil), in order to examine the way in which the spatial dimension has been approached, taking as reference the passage from structuralist perspectives on mobility to post-structuralist. We present a case study in the Pampas region (Argentina) about workers specialized in new technologies. We offer a theoretical-conceptual and methodological proposal with axis in the concept of “spatio-temporal fix”, which allows to approach in an integrated and dialectical way the different senses of spatiality, the spatial and temporal dimension and the strategies of workers in relation to those of capital.
La evaluación docente universitaria: retos y posibilidades
Authors: Ochoa Sierra Ligia , Moya Pardo Constanza
Published: December 2018

En este artículo se presentan los resultados de una investigación en torno a las percepciones que tienen estudiantes y profesores acerca de la evaluación que semestralmente realizan los estudiantes a los docentes. Se utilizó una metodología cualitativa a través de una entrevista a grupos focales. Los resultados muestran que se siente malestar frente a la evaluación tanto de parte de profesores como de estudiantes; dicho malestar se refleja en bajos niveles de participación y receptividad de los datos que los formularios de evaluación aportan y una desmotivación generalizada hacia este proceso. Como conclusiones importantes se destaca la necesidad de contrastar las evaluaciones docentes con una autoevaluación tanto del profesor como del estudiante, conciliar las expectativas de docentes y alumnos frente a la evaluación, emprender procesos pedagógicos con profesores y estudiantes para tomar conciencia de la importancia de la evaluación.
La solidaridad en la vida de los jóvenes de las comunas de Medellín
Authors: Giraldo Giraldo Yicel Nairobis , Ruiz Silva Alexander
Published: December 2018

La pregunta que mejor se aviene para expresar el ámbito general de este trabajo es: ¿Qué significa la solidaridad para los jóvenes de las comunas de Medellín que forman parte de grupos o colectivos sociales? La realización del estudio tomó más de un lustro: 2010-2017, y guiados por este interrogante se pudo explorar, mediante la observación directa y la entrevista en profundidad, cómo grupos de jóvenes de sectores populares de la ciudad de Medellín le otorgan sentido a sus días y a sus noches, más allá de la pura sobrevivencia. Por supuesto, la pregunta inicial lleva implícita una parte de la respuesta, pues supone que estos chicos, al estar vinculados a organizaciones sociales, de alguna manera son solidarios, lo que nos obligó, adicionalmente, a preguntarnos: ¿Por qué lo son, cómo lo son y qué importancia o valor le otorgan a ello? El presente texto pretende, mediante una escritura narrativa, situar estas cuestiones, y al hacerlo, darle contexto a otras formas de ser joven en los sectores populares de una ciudad y una sociedad profundamente desiguales. El escrito, en su conjunto, es un intento de ilustrar las apuestas éticas y políticas de los jóvenes de las comunas, a partir de las cuales encaran situaciones marcadas por el dolor y el sufrimiento. De este modo, mientras en la primera parte: La solidaridad del día a día en la comuna, abordamos asuntos tales como la búsqueda de retribución y la experiencia de la mutualidad; en la segunda: Las variaciones de la experiencia solidaria, nuestra atención se centra en las figuras sociales que, de un lado, facilitan sus acciones solidarias y, del otro, la obstruyen. Finalmente, en la tercera parte del escrito analizamos el papel de los sentimientos morales en la justificación de su accionar social y estético.
Hermenéutica dialógica: claves para pensar la escucha en la educación
Authors: León Suárez Juliana Patricia
Published: December 2018

Este artículo de reflexión se plantea como un viaje transformador en sí mismo. Forma parte de la investigación doctoral en curso: “Configuraciones didácticas necesarias para el desarrollo de las semio-discursividades de la escucha en diversos contextos”, de la Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas, adscrita a la alianza aidetc-colciencias. Su objetivo es mostrar la necesidad de la formación de la escucha en la educación desde una perspectiva hermenéutica dialógica. Para ello, se sitúa en la Bildung alemana, la hermenéutica de Gadamer y las propuestas dialógicas de Bajtín, Buber y Ponzio, principalmente. Estos se constituyen en paradigmas claves para promover una pedagogía del espíritu cuyo núcleo y razón de ser es la escucha, que el documento presenta de manera progresiva, a través de seis apartados. Se concluye con la necesidad de formar y formarnos en la comprensión del sí mismo, del otro y de lo otro, la tríada de una escucha arquitectónica, hermenéutica y dialógica que nos llama a practicar la pedagogía del espíritu, la pedagogía de la escucha.
El discurso de la prudencia para una buena argumentación
Authors: Malaver Rodrigo , Moreno Jorge
Published: December 2018

Este artículo propone una comprensión del discurso de la prudencia para una buena argumentación desde conceptos aristotélicos. En tal ejercicio, se persigue el desarrollo de una palabra autorregulada en relación con las intenciones con que se dicen las cosas y al momento de discutir con el otro. De esta interpretación, por último, se expone la panorámica general de la argumentación y sus planteamientos sobre los géneros del discurso retórico, la lógica, la conmoción y la ética, sus fases de producción y comprensión y, como conclusión, la incidencia de su aplicación en una población de trabajo con dificultades a nivel de convivencia y a nivel argumentativo.
Enseñando significados y representaciones culturales: su importancia en la salud de los trabajadores migrantes
Authors: Greathouse Amador Louise , Contreras Juárez Adriana , Preciado Lloyd Patricia
Published: December 2018

El presente ejercicio transdisciplinario presenta las dificultades que enfrentan los hablantes hispanos legales o ilegales que viven en otros países al solicitar atención médica. Teniendo en cuenta que tanto los significados de las palabras como las representaciones culturales de las emociones son de gran importancia para proporcionar la atención médica adecuada, este artículo se refiere a la emoción del enojo y su relación con la salud y la enfermedad. De manera que la lengua misma y el bagaje cultural sobre esta emoción y su repercusión en la salud se estudian mediante un recorrido por la medicina contemporánea y sus antecedentes hipocráticos, la medicina indígena y la medicina moderna. Para la población participante de este estudio, la representación social del enojo tiene una relación con el equilibrio térmico corporal, así, desde el punto de vista de varones y mujeres, se presentan algunos resultados sobre la relación del enojo con la salud y la enfermedad. Estos concluyen la necesidad de un entendimiento cultural sobre las enfermedades de los mexicanos a través de las oportunidades en la vida cotidiana de quienes brindan la atención médica.
Literatura y memoria histórica en la escuela. Una experiencia pedagógica e investigativa
Authors: García Vera Nylza Offir , González Santos Fernando
Published: December 2018

El presente artículo de investigación señala cómo el vínculo entre literatura y memoria está anclado a las posibilidades pedagógicas de la lectura de novelas que escenifican el conflicto colombiano y permiten acercarse a los acontecimientos históricos, desde el campo de la sensibilidad y la percepción estética que proporcionan el arte y la imaginación literaria. Tomando como punto de partida la lectura de cinco novelas colombianas que, en conjunto, hacen un recorrido por los efectos de la violencia política en Colombia, desde los años 1950 hasta nuestros días, docentes y estudiantes del Instituto Pedagógico Nacional, en Bogotá, dan cuenta de cómo, gracias a la literatura, la memoria interpela nuestro lugar en el presente, configura nuevos lazos sociales y dispone nuestra subjetividad hacia relaciones éticas de solidaridad con las víctimas y los dramas humanos.
Portuguese-speaking countries and the challenge of a technological circumnavigation
Authors: Martins Moisés de Lemos
Published: December 2018

In this article, I propose the assumption that we are making a technological journey, analogous in many respects to European ocean voyages of the 15th and 16th centuries (Martins, 2015a, 2017, 2018a, 2018b). Thus, I confront the technological nature of the current financial globalization and the commercial nature of European maritime expansion. Whereas the first journey resulted in the colonization of peoples and nations, in the second journey we moved, in a century and a half, to that which Edgar Morin called the “colonization of the spirit” of the entire human community (Morin, 1962). Within this context, I took into consideration the consequences, for culture, of the acceleration of the time via technology, which has mobilized human beings, “totally” (Jünger, 1930) and “infinitely” (Sloterdijk, 2010), in view of the urgencies of the present (Martins, 2010). On the other hand, I will use post-colonial studies to situate transnational and transcultural identities, by examining Portuguese-speaking communities within the context of the “battle of languages,” to use an expression coined by Mozambican linguist Armando Jorge Lopes (2004). This is why I will consider “technological circumnavigation” (Martins, 2015a, 2017, 2018a, 2018b), to be undertaken by every Portuguese-speaking country, like a fight for the world’s symbolic ordering (Bourdieu, 1977, 1979, 1982), where we raise hegemony language-related problems and those pertaining to political, scientific, cultural and artistic subordination (Martins, 2015b). This is, therefore an electronic journey, using sites, portals, social media, digital repositories and archives, as well as virtual museums. What’s more, the viewpoint adopted is that which states a great language of cultures and thinking, such as Portuguese, likewise cannot avoid being a great language of human and scientific knowledge.
Juventude urbana e redes sociais em Moçambique: a participação política dos conectados desamparados
Authors: Tsandzana Dércio
Published: December 2018

Nos últimos 10 anos, os estudos sobre a participação política por intermédio das redes sociais marcam o debate na área dos estudos dos média. Em Moçambique, de forma particular, e no mundo, de forma geral, a juventude representa o centro galvanizador que encontra no uso das redes socias uma ferramenta quase ideal de expressão sobre as suas frustrações decorrentes da sua situação de gritante miséria social – desemprego e incerteza de vida constante a que os jovens se encontram expostos. Com o presente artigo, pretendemos analisar o papel das redes sociais, concretamente o Facebook, no engajamento político e social da juventude urbana em Moçambique, considerando um horizonte que abarca os últimos quatro anos, 2014-2017. Como resultado, concluímos que embora a sua expansão nos últimos anos, as redes sociais ainda não podem ser consideradas, no seu todo, como espaços que permitam uma efectiva participação política da juventude, decorrente do facto de a internet ser menos abrangente, por um lado, e do fraco interesse da juventude em questões políticas em Moçambique, por outro.
Urban youth and social networks in Mozambique: the political participation of the helpless connected
Authors: Tsandzana Dércio
Published: December 2018

In the last 10 years, studies on political participation through social networks have marked the debate in the field of media studies. In Mozambique, particularly, and in the world, in general, youth represent the galvanizing centre that finds in the use of social networks an almost ideal tool of expression about their frustrations due to their situation of blatant social misery – unemployment and constant life uncertainty to which youth are exposed. With this article, we intend to analyse the role of social networks, specifically Facebook, in the political and social engagement of urban youth in Mozambique, considering a timeline that covers the last four years, 2014 to 2017. As a result, it is concluded that, despite the expansion of social networks in recent years, they cannot yet be considered as spaces for effective political participation by youth, due to the fact that the internet is less comprehensive, on the one hand, and the weak youth interest in political issues in Mozambique, on the other.
Faraco, C. A. (2016). História sociopolítica da língua portuguesa. São Paulo: Parábola Editora.
Authors: Ramon Micaela
Published: December 2018

Sob o título de História sociopolítica da língua portuguesa, saiu a público, em 2016, uma importante obra da autoria de Carlos Alberto Faraco, renomado linguista brasileiro, ao tempo coordenador da Comissão Nacional do Brasil junto do Instituto Internacional da Língua Portuguesa (IILP), instituição da Comunidade de Países de Língua Portuguesa (CPLP) cujos objetivos são, de acordo com os seus estatutos, “a promoção, a defesa, o enriquecimento e a difusão da língua portuguesa como veículo de cultura, educação, informação e acesso ao conhecimento científico, tecnológico e de utilização oficial em fora internacionais”.
Avaliação quali-quantitativa das praças do quadrante sudeste de Votuporanga - SP
Authors: Vasconcelos Andrea Penha Gregório , Vazquez Gisele Herbst
Published: December 2018

As praças são espaços públicos urbanos livres de edificações que têm a função de promover o bem-estar à população, proporcionando a prática de esportes, lazer, incentivo à inclusão social e a expressão cultural. No cotidiano urbano moderno, a praça é um local de escape e, para que isso ocorra, é necessário que todo o contexto esteja harmonioso e conservado, como os bancos, caminhos, iluminação e outros equipamentos, além da cobertura vegetal, de forma a atrair a população e proporcionar conforto para seus frequentadores. Porém, muitas vezes, seu mau estado de conservação acarreta sua subutilização, afasta as pessoas e cria um círculo vicioso de degradação. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi realizar uma análise quali-quantitativa da situação das 24 praças do quadrante Sudeste de Votuporanga-SP, dos seus elementos arquitetônicos e da arborização a fim de diagnosticar esses espaços e subsidiar futuras adequações municipais para melhor atender à população. Em julho de 2017, foram realizadas visitas in loco e concluiu-se que as praças do quadrante SE de Votuporanga-SP são de extrema importância à população adjacente, embora a maioria careça de infraestrutura e necessite de investimentos na conservação e manutenção dos seus elementos arquitetônicos e paisagísticos para promover lazer aos frequentadores de forma eficaz e satisfatória. Quanto as árvores, 75,5% são nativas, mas existe a necessidade de um maior número e diversificação de espécies.

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Paisagismo. Áreas verdes. Áreas públicas. Arborização urbana.
Crises, Securitizations and the Europeanization of Roma Representation
Authors: Pulay Gergő
Published: December 2018

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Authors: Triki Zegni
Published: December 2018

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From Integration to Solidarity: Insights from Civil Society Organisations in Three European Cities
Authors: D'Auria Viviana , Daher Racha , Rohde Katharina
Published: December 2018

This article sheds light on the lack of cohesion in asylum approaches between EU member states and questions the dominance of the ‘integration’ paradigm. It argues that civil society organisations (CSOs) have, through solidarity, challenged the bias ‘integration’ involves and the exclusion it generates. To do this, it examines three case-based practices led by CSOs that operate in three European capital cities—Rome, Brussels and Berlin—and that embrace mobility in the context of front-line, transit and destination countries, respectively. With the ‘refugee crisis’ of 2015 acting as a threshold moment, the cases navigate a complex web of relationships amidst a fragmented debate about asylum, and varying national and local frameworks in Europe. Through the comparison of cases, the article argues that the political possibilities of such practices and their enduring engagements with the urban, remain limited. However, the shift in discourse from ‘stasis’ and ‘integration’ to ‘mobility’ and ‘solidarity’ that the three cases embody, represent a critique that fundamentally challenges urban planning and its role for asylum.
Planning the Ideal Refugee Camp? A Critical Interrogation of Recent Planning Innovations in Jordan and Germany
Authors: Dalal Ayham , Darweesh Amer , Misselwitz Philipp , Steigemann Anna
Published: December 2018

With the increase of refugee movements since 2014 in Europe and the Near East, the debate of how to plan appropriate shelters and emergency accommodation has gained a new momentum. Established techno-managerial approaches have been criticised as inappropriate and the professional community of planners and architects was increasingly drawn into debates for alternative solutions. This article traces the “innovations” that promise better, more effective, and more humane emergency shelters using the examples of the “Tempohomes” in Berlin as well as the Jordanian refugee camps of Zaatari and Azraq. In both cases, planners were employed to address the ambivalent reality of protracted refugee camps and include “lessons” from failures of earlier solutions. While the article acknowledges the genuine attempt of planners to engage with the more complex needs and expectations of refugees, a careful look at the results of the planning for better camps reveals ambivalent outcomes. As camps acquire a new visual appearance, closer to housing, which mixes shelter design with social spaces and services as essential parts of the camp; these “innovations” bear the danger of paternalistic planning and aestheticisation, camouflaging control under what seems to be well-intended and sensitive planning. The article focuses on refugees’ agency expressed in critical camp studies to interrogate the planning results. While recent critical refugee studies have demanded recognition of refugees as urban actors which should be included in the co-production of the spatial reality of refugee accommodations, new planning approaches tend to result in a shrinking of spaces of self-determination and self-provisioning of refugees.
European Cities Planning for Asylum
Authors: Eckardt Frank
Published: December 2018

Despite the high priority refugees are given in the public and political discussion, urban planning has not yet started to systematically consider the role of planning in asylum policy. Mostly, the subject of refugees’ arrival is addressed in local projects and housing without framing challenges and opportunities in the national and European context. A wider discussion on the used terminology of “integration” is missing just as much as a self-critical reflection on the orientation of planning discourses on the issue of housing only. In this editorial, our thematic issue “European Cities Planning for Asylum” is introduced and presented.
Comunicação Alternativa Ampliada na Esclerose Lateral Amiotrófica: A Tecnologia a Favor da Reabilitação
Authors: Coimbra Túlio Marcos , Ezequiel Carmem Taís , Moreira Dayanne Sato , Morita Maria Da Penha Ananias , Castiglioni Lilian , Bianchin Maysa Alahmar
Published: December 2018

Introdução: A Esclerose Lateral Amiotrófica (ELA), doença caracterizada por deterioração de neurônios motores causa paralisia progressiva de músculos esqueléticos, comprometendo a motricidade dos membros, da deglutição, da respiração e da fala. O comprometimento da fala tem papel fundamental na qualidade de vida do paciente bem como na de seu cuidador. A Comunicação Alternativa Ampliada (CAA) surge como uma oportunidade para amenizar as limitações de comunicação impostas pela doença. Objetivo: Avaliar a eficácia da Comunicação Alternativa Ampliada em pacientes com Esclerose Lateral Amiotrófica. Casuística e Métodos: Estudo quantitativo, descritivo e transversal com 13 pacientes, realizado em São José do Rio Preto – SP, Brasil, nos anos de 2015 e 2016. Instrumentos: questionários sócio-demográfico elaborado pelos pesquisadores; questionário de avaliação da ELA (Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Assessment Questionnaire; ALSAQ-40); questionário de qualidade de vida em voz (QVV); e questionário de eficácia dos meios de comunicação alternativa (Vox4All ou HeadMouse). O questionário sócio-demográfico, o ALSAQ-40 e o questionário de qualidade de vida em voz foram aplicados antes da intervenção. A intervenção com a Comunicação Alternativa Ampliada foi aplicada durante seis atendimentos individuais com duração de 50 minutos cada, uma a duas vezes por semana com a ajuda do profissional da saúde. Após o término das sessões, os pacientes responderam ao questionário sobre a eficácia dos meios de comunicação alternativa. A associação entre as variáveis foi medida utilizando o teste exato de Fisher. Resultados: A idade dos pacientes foi de 60,07±11,17 anos (média ± desvio padrão), e 76,92% apresentava cuidador familiar. Cem por cento dos pacientes apresentavam dificuldades na comunicação. Após a intervenção com a Comunicação Alternativa Ampliada os pacientes relataram melhora na comunicação (p<0,05) e consideraram esses métodos eficazes para o uso diário. Conclusão: A Comunicação Alternativa Ampliada pode ser considerada uma intervenção facilitadora na interação social e na qualidade de vida de pacientes com Esclerose Lateral Amiotrófica.
Monitoria em anatomia: a percepção dos acadêmicos de medicina
Authors: Félix Diego Freitas , Cunha Carlos Magno Queiroz da , Troiani Neto Giovanni , Félix Ledymara Cunha dos Santos , Queiroz Erika Feitosa , Colares Junior Rui
Published: December 2018

Introdução: A reforma curricular nos cursos de Medicina levou a uma redução da carga horária reservada às disciplinas do ciclo básico, como a Anatomia, sendo o monitor indispensável na inserção de melhorias para a disciplina. Objetivo: Avaliar o papel dos monitores no ensino da Anatomia, segundo a perspectiva do aluno. Casuística e Métodos: Estudo observacional, com abordagem quantitativa e qualitativa, desenvolvido com alunos do 4º semestre do curso de medicina da Universidade de Fortaleza, Fortaleza - Ceará / Brasil, com preenchimento de um questionário semiestruturado, padronizado com questões objetivas e subjetivas na escala Likert. Resultados: Constatou-se que a maioria dos alunos frequenta a monitoria presencial em sala de aula e, para estes alunos, esclarecer dúvidas é a principal função do monitor de anatomia. Ademais, o comprometimento com a monitoria é a característica do monitor mais valorizada pelos alunos. Destaca-se ainda que os alunos consideraram que os aplicativos de mensagens instantâneas são ferramentas essenciais para tirar dúvidas e que é mais confortável tirar dúvidas com o monitor do que com o professor. Conclusão: Conclui-se, então, que a vivência da monitoria melhorou o desempenho dos alunos na disciplina de anatomia e o uso de metodologias ativas mostrou-se relevante para a transmissão e a consolidação do conhecimento.
Obesidade e aptidão física relacionada à saúde: um estudo com escolares de 10 a 13 anos de Santa Cruz do Sul - Brasil
Authors: Rodrigues Gilceu Cezar , Marques Kelin Cristina , Silveira João Francisco De Castro , Schneiders Letícia De Borba , Burgos Leandro Tibiriçá , Reuter Cézane Priscila
Published: December 2018

Introdução: O sobrepeso e a obesidade são considerados problemas de saúde pública e têm sido ligados a baixos níveis de atividade física, tornando-se fatores de risco à saúde e contribuindo para o aparecimento de doenças crônicas. Bons níveis de aptidão física também são fatores que reduzem doenças crônicas. Objetivo: Avaliar a associação entre obesidade e aptidão física relacionada à saúde em escolares de 10 a 13 anos de idade. Casuística e métodos: Estudo transversal composto por 785 escolares, de ambos os sexos, entre 10 e 13 anos de idade, pertencentes a escolas municipais e estaduais de Santa Cruz do Sul, RS – Brasil. Foram avaliados o Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC) de acordo com os parâmetros da Organização Mundial da Saúde, e as características de aptidão física de flexibilidade, resistência muscular e aptidão cardiorrespiratória (APCR) segundo os protocolos do Projeto Esporte Brasil. Resultados: Em ambos os sexos, os valores médios de Índice de Massa Corporal são superiores entre os adolescentes classificados na faixa de risco à saúde para resistência abdominal e aptidão cardiorrespiratória, em relação aos adolescentes na faixa saudável (p<0,05). Além disso, adolescentes com sobrepeso/obesidade apresentam maior prevalência de baixos níveis de resistência abdominal (10% para meninos e 20% para meninas) e de aptidão cardiorrespiratória (21% para meninos e 22% para meninas). Conclusão: A presença de sobrepeso e obesidade está associada com baixos níveis de resistência abdominal e de aptidão cardiorrespiratória, em escolares com 10 a 13 anos de idade.
Disinformation effect in human identification
Authors: Budyakova T.P.
Published: December 2018

The article presents the results of an experimental study of psychological errors which occur when a person performing identification has been told false identification features before the actual procedure. We have revealed the mechanisms of disinformation effect: the generalization of working memory representations and involuntary mental information adding. Previous studies of the phenomenon of misinformation focused on the study of unintentional memorization, in the process of which the mechanism of an external implanted facility (misinformation) was introduced. In the experiments of other scientists, it was not possible to preset memorizing the elements of the event or the appearance of the subjects. It is shown that a preliminary instruction to memorize the features of an object does not reduce the disinformation effect. At the same time, a prior memorizing instruction can block the influence of gender, age and professional attitudes, but it does not block the subjective attitudes of a particular person. It was shown that reproducing facts some time later is not the main cause of identification errors.
Из истории экспериментальной и клинической биомедицины: У. Гарвей, С. С. Брюхоненко, В. П. Демихов, К. Барнард
Authors: Иванюшкин Александр Яковлевич , Тищенко Павел Дмитриевич , Резник Олег Николаевич , Попова Ольга Владимировна
Published: December 2018

Статья представляет собой философско-методологический анализ революционных этапов развития биомедицины XVII–XX вв. Показан приоритет отечественной науки в создании технологии искусственного кровообращения и трансплантации органов.
Массовая культура в современном обществе: молодежный аспект
Authors: Луков Валерий Андреевич
Published: December 2018

В статье молодежный аспект массовой культуры выводится из представления о ней как закономерного этапа общественного развития. В силу этого ее неверно связывать только с характеристиками индустриального общества. В современном обществе (информационном, сетевом, цифровом и т. д.) изменения в массовой культуре хорошо видны при выделении ее молодежного аспекта: естественные свойства молодежи в условиях широкого распространения новых коммуникативных технологий во многом определяют специфику массовой культуры начала XXI в., поскольку молодежь выступает одним из наиболее активных ее носителей.
Sobre bailados de Corpo de Baile
Authors: Xavier Joelma Rezende
Published: December 2018

Resumo: A partir da leitura de Corpo de baile, de João Guimarães Rosa, pretende-se discutir relações entre literatura e dança nos desdobramentos estéticos do texto rosiano. Para isso, apresenta-se um panorama sobre história e formação de “corpo de baile” em dança (BOURCIER, 2001) e sugere-se uma abordagem sobre a percepção de um “corpo de baile”, especialmente nas novelas Campo geral, Uma estória de amor, A estória de Lélio e Lina e Buriti. Parte-se da concepção de que a dança é um dos elementos dinamizadores dos enredos de Corpo de baile, além de ser um traço importante na representação de personagens, sobretudo na esfera feminina. Este artigo, por meio de uma análise comparativa, apresenta contribuições para o enfoque interartes nos estudos da obra rosiana.Palavras-chave: corpo de baile; dança; literatura; linguagem.Abstract: From the reading of Corpo de Baile, by João Guimarães Rosa, it attempts at discussing relations between literature and dance in the aesthetic developments of the rosiano text. The article aims to presenting an overview of history and formation of “corps de ballet” in dance (BOURCIER, 2001) and it aims at pointing out an approach about the perception of a “corps de ballet”, mainly in the novels Campo Geral, Uma estória de amor, A estória de Lélio e Lina and Buriti. It is part of the conception that dance is one of the energizing elements of Corpo de Baile, besides being an important trace in the representation of characters, mostly in the female sphere. This article, through a comparative analysis, presents contributions to the interviewing approach in the studies of Guimarães Rosa’s work.Keywords: corps de ballet; dance; literature; language.
Formación en economía solidaria a estudiantes universitarios de Contaduría Pública
Authors: Avendaño Castro William Rodrigo , Rueda Vera Gerson , Casadiego Duque Yair Rolando
Published: December 2018

This paper is aimed at assessing the across insertion of the solidarity economy for the undergraduate accounting program development at a university setting in Colombia country. The theory background was based on the principles of solidarity economy and competences formation to set the study variables. This is an empiric- analytic research with a quantitative approach which used a descriptive, correlational and transectional design. The population consisted of 1.600 students and the statistics sample of 310. Surveys were used as data collection and they were validated using the Alfa de Cronbach coeficient. After the instrument application and analysis, the study yielded descriptive data as follows: 12 items and 16 correlations. These results show that the solidarity sector is up to date in the narratives and discussions when forming public accountants at university settings allowing a greater insight of solidarity economy, its functioning and norms.
Formación de profesores en Colombia
Authors: Valbuena Duarte Sonia , Conde Carmona Robinson Junior
Published: December 2018

This article comes from a research that looked for finding the relationship between pedagogical practice and research in math education as an important component in teacher training. Direct observation, teachers´ brainstorm and Interviews to graduate teachers and post graduate teachers were necessary to collect the information. The study concludes every individual in this study sees a separation between research and teaching and they do not consider it as an important component of math teachers
Humanism and technique in the university
Authors: Cifuentes Medina José Eriberto , Bello Domínguez Juan , Rojas Rojas Luz Miryan
Published: December 2018

The article emerges from a systematic reflection of questions, such as: Are humanist subjects or humanity through subjects? What are humanist subjects and why are they? What are the humanist subjects at the university for? Why do Technologic universities need to include humanist subjects in the syllabus? What are the basic subjects and the auxiliary ones in the humanist teaching? What is the relationship between humanism and technique? Among others proper of the epistemological and ontological principles of the man as an object of this current reflection. Besides of the biggest worries of the treatise writers, ideologist and politicians, because of its importance about men structure, in the university. It is believed as something that just falls to the State, when it must develop its social function, regardless the individual who is formed and gains consciousness of the tracendence. It is the university which must guide the embryonic institution of ideologies to guide and form the man according to the principles called humanist.
Las mujeres en posiciones de liderazgo y la sustentabilidad empresarial: evidencia en empresas cotizadas de Colombia y Chile
Authors: Reyes Bastidas Carolina , Briano-Turrent Guadalupe del Carmen
Published: December 2018

Considerando la teoría de los stakeholders, se analiza la influencia de la variable género en el consejo de administración y la posición de director general, sobre las prácticas de sustentabilidad y responsabilidad social empresarial (RSE) adoptadas en las empresas cotizadas de Colombia y Chile. Para esto se propone un índice de sustentabilidad basado en las recomendaciones del Global Reporting Initiative que integra las dimensiones ambiental, social y económica. A través de un panel de datos compuesto por 491 observaciones durante el periodo 2011-2016, los resultados muestran que la presencia femenina favorece la dimensión económica (rentabilidad y liquidez), mientras que las dimensiones ambiental y social se ven disminuidas. Es necesario promover una mayor participación de mujeres en posiciones estratégicas para incrementar su representación en el contexto latinoamericano.
Trafficking in Cure and Harm: Placebos, Nocebos and the Curative Imaginary
Authors: Berkhout Suze G. , Jaarsma Ada S.
Published: December 2018

This article tracks the traffic of placebos, nocebos and the effects or meaning-responses that they solicit in order to contribute to wide-ranging critiques of the curative imaginary. Moving through three realms of biomedicine (the clinic, the lab and the market), the article explores key contradictions at play within biomedicine that become more recognizable through attentiveness to placebos and nocebos. In order to make this case, the article forges a conversation between Feminist Science Studies, Disability Studies and a counter-strand in Placebo Studies. What emerges is an understanding of placebos and nocebos that foregrounds the biosocial dynamics and always-entwined relations between cures and harm.
Review of Disability studies and the environmental humanities: Toward an eco-crip theory
Authors: Anderson David R.
Published: December 2018

No abstract available.
RIFFS: an Experiment in Writing about Researching, and Publishing on Popular Music
Authors: Raine Sarah , Hamilton Craig
Published: December 2018

RIFFS es una revista que nace en grupo de escritura en Birmingham City University. La publicación sirve para pensar críticamente las formas en que se comunica la investigación académica. Mientras sus integrantes escribían, se dieron cuenta que mediante la ficción, la poesía o la creación de nuevas formas de escritura que surgían desde la investigación, podían comunicar más claramente sus observaciones e ideas sobre la música popular.
Experimental determination of soil moisture on hyperspectral images
Authors:   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS, Podlipnov V. ,   Samara National Research University, Shchedrin V. ,   Russian Scientific Research Institute of Land Improvement Problems, Babichev A. ,   Russian Scientific Research Institute of Land Improvement Problems, Vasilyev S. ,   Russian Scientific Research Institute of Land Improvement Problems, Blank V. ,   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS,   Samara National Research University
Published: December 2018

The possibility of humidity determination based on the use of spectral distributions in the wavelength range of up to 1 µm is analyzed. We discuss the use of an imaging hyperspectrometer for precision farming. A field experiment to determine the soil moisture index under the vegetation cover is described. A procedure of precise calibration of the hyperspectrometer based on the use of a tunable laser is described. We show the possibility of the practical determination of humidity based on the use of spectra in the wavelength range of up to 1 µm.
Variational approach to eikonal function computation
Authors:   Samara National Research University, Doskolovich L. ,   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS, Mingazov A. ,   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS, Bykov D. ,   Samara National Research University,   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS, Andreev E. ,   Samara National Research University,   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS
Published: December 2018

The problem of calculating the eikonal function from the condition of focusing into a prescribed region is formulated as a variational problem and as a Monge-Kantorovich mass transportation problem. It is found that the cost function in the Monge-Kantorovich problem corresponds to the distance between a point of the original region (in which the eikonal function is defined) and a point of the focal region. The formalism proposed in this work makes it possible to reduce the calculation of the eikonal function to a linear programming problem. In this case, the calculation of the “ray mapping” corresponding to the eikonal function is reduced to the solution of a linear assignment problem. The proposed variational approaches are illustrated by examples of calculation of optical elements for focusing a circular beam into a rectangular region.
The connection between the phase problem in optics, focusing of radiation, and the Monge–Kantorovich problem
Authors:   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS, Kazanskiy N. ,   Samara National Research University, Kharitonov S. ,   Samara National Research University, Kozlova I. ,   Samara National Research University, Moiseev M. ,   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS
Published: December 2018

We discuss the use of variational principles for solving the phase problem in optics. In this paper, we consider the connection between four fundamental problems: the phase problem in optics, the inverse problem of focusing coherent radiation, the Monge – Kantorovich optimal mass transport problem, and the variational methods for solving the equation of a modified Monge – Ampere equation. It is shown that the solution of the phase problem in optics within the framework of the asymptotic approach is closely related to the solution of the problem of optimal mass transport with a nonquadratic cost function.
Calculation of the angular momentum of an electromagnetic field inside a waveguide with absolutely conducting walls: ab initio
Authors:   Samara National Research University, Kharitonov S. ,   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS, Volotovsky S. ,   Samara National Research University,   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS, Khonina S. ,   Samara National Research University,   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS
Published: December 2018

In this paper, explicit expressions for the momentum and angular momentum from the Noether's theorem (ab initio) are obtained. These expressions contain squared modules of the coefficients of a guided mode expansion, weighted by the phase singularity orders present. The expressions obtained are useful for quantizing the electromagnetic field in a waveguide.
Dynamic-signature-based user authentication using a fuzzy classifier
Authors:   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics, Hodashinsky I. , Kostyuchenko E. ,   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics, Sarin K. ,   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics, Anfilofiev A. ,   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics, Bardamova M. ,   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics, Samsonov S. ,   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics, Filimonenko I. ,   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics
Published: December 2018

Dynamic signature verification is one of the most fast, intuitive, and cost effective tools for user authentication. Dynamic signature recognition uses multiple characteristics in the analysis of an individual’s handwriting. Dynamic characteristics include the velocity, acceleration, timing, pressure, and direction of the signature strokes, all analyzed in the x, y, and z directions. In this paper, the constant term and the first seven harmonics of the Fourier series expansion of the signature were used as features. The authentication systems development includes the following stages: preprocessing, feature selection, classification. Binary metaheuristic algorithms and deterministic algorithms are used to select attributes. The classification was carried out using a fuzzy classifier. The fuzzy classifiers parameters were tuned using continuous metaheuristic algorithms. The efficiency of the authentication system was verified on the author's database. The database contains 280 original variants of the signature of one author and 1281 variants of counterfeit signatures of seven authors. To assess the statistical significance of differences in the accuracy and error rates of the fuzzy classifiers formed by metaheuristic algorithms, the Mann-Whitney (-Wilcoxon) U-test to compare medians and the Kruskal-Wallis test were used.
Energy backflow in a focal spot of the cylindrical vector beam
Authors:   Samara National Research University, Stafeev S. ,   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS, Nalimov A. ,   Samara National Research University,   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS, Kotlyar V. ,   Samara National Research University,   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS
Published: December 2018

Using Richards-Wolf formulae it is shown that a tightly focused azimuthally-radially polarized m-th order laser beam with an arbitrary apodization function produces a reverse energy flow in the focal plane (m=2). If m=3, the reverse energy flow on the axis is equal to zero, increasing in the axis vicinity as the square of the distance to the axis. The azimuthally-radially polarized beam of the m-th order is an example of a polarization vortex. Previously, the reverse energy flow in the focus was obtained only for circularly polarized vortex beams with the topological charge m. Using the FDTD method and the Richards-Wolf formulae, we show numerically that in the focus of a zone plate such laser beams produce regions where the Poynting vector is opposite to the direction of the beam propagation.
Calculation of effective mode field area of photonic crystal fiber with digital image processing algorithm
Authors:   Department of Statistics, College of Science, North China University of Science and Technology, Tan Y. , Wang H. ,   Department of Statistics, College of Science, North China University of Science and Technology, Wang Y. ,   Department of Basic, Tangshan College
Published: December 2018

Photonic crystal fiber as a new type of optical fiber has been extensively applied because of its unique properties. The effective mode area of optical fiber is an important parameter, which has a great influence on the performance of optical fiber. In this study, digital image processing algorithm was used for preprocessing to improve the accuracy of calculation of mode field area. Then the effective mode field area of optical fiber was calculated using Matlab based Gauss fitting method. Take single-mode fiber G.652 as an example, the effective mode field area was calculated using the traditional algorithm and digital image processing algorithm respectively. It was found that the results obtained using digital image processing algorithm were within the allowed error range, suggesting the effectiveness of the algorithm. Then the calculation of the effective mode area of the triangular lattice photonic crystal fiber further verified the reliability of the algorithm.
Comparative study of description algorithms for complex-valued gradient fields of digital images using linear dimensionality reduction methods
Authors:   Samara National Research University, Dmitriev E. , Myasnikov V. ,   Samara National Research University,   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS
Published: December 2018

The paper presents an analysis of various approaches to constructing descriptions for the gradient fields of digital images. The analyzed approaches are based on the well-known methods for data dimensionality reduction, such as Principal (PCA) and Independent (ICA) Component Analysis, Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA). We apply these methods not to the original image, represented as a two-dimensional field of brightness (a halftone image), but to its secondary representation in the form of a two-dimensional gradient field, that is, a complex-valued image. In this case, approaches based on using both the entire gradient field and only its phase component are considered. In addition, two independent ways of forming the final description of the original object are considered: using expansion coefficients of the gradient field in a derived basis and using an original authors' design that is called model-oriented descriptors. With the latter, the number of real coefficients used in the description of the original object can be halved. The studies are conducted via solving a face recognition problem. The effectiveness of the analyzed methods is demonstrated by applying them to images from Extended Yale Face Database B. The comparison is made using a nearest neighbor's classifier.
Tree-serial parametric dynamic programming with flexible prior model for image denoising
Authors:   National Research University Higher School of Economics, Thang P. ,   The University of Da Nang – University of Science and Technology, Kopylov A. ,   Tula State University
Published: December 2018

We consider here image denoising procedures, based on computationally effective tree-serial parametric dynamic programming procedures, different representations of an image lattice by the set of acyclic graphs and non-convex regularization of a new type which allows to flexibly set a priori preferences. Experimental results in image denoising, as well as comparison with related methods, are provided. A new extended version of multi quadratic dynamic programming procedures for image denoising, proposed here, shows an improved accuracy for images of a different type.