bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Catholic Church and Media: Promoting the Church’s Presence in Social Media
Authors: Nabozny Marcin
Published: December 2022

Christ’s mandate to go and make disciples of all nations requires new ways of evangelization that use the cyberspace, including social media as the most recent technology with an increasing number of users. Spreading the Gospel on social media is clearly different from the ways of the past when preachers had to travel hundreds or thousands of miles, sometimes taking months, to reach their audience. Just as there have been people promoting the importance of social media to the growth and benefit of the Church, however, there have also been those doomsaying about the dangers of social media and the damage that it can inflict on the society’s stance towards religion as well as the negative influence that it can have on individuals: making people physically antisocial and destroying the traditions and basic institutions of the Church. Examples of such dangers include not attending Mass to hear the word of God since the Bible and sermons are readily available in the virtual sphere. But the fact is that digital media, including social media, are happening, and it will be to the Church’s disadvantage if she chooses to be in denial and not use them for the greater good, thus risking being left behind in a constantly and rapidly modernizing world.
The Destruction of Human Dignity in Today’s World as a Ser ious Moral and Educational Challenge
Authors: Kluz Marek
Published: December 2022

Współczesna destrukcja godności człowieka poważnym wyzwaniem moralno-wychowawczym. Podstawową wartością życia ludzkiego jest godność człowieka. Na całą głębię godności wskazuje fakt stworzenia, odkupienia i powołania człowieka do ostatecznego spełnienia w Bogu. Godność, którą ma człowiek, winna być dla niego podstawowym motywem postępowania względem siebie i innych ludzi. Poczucie godności pogłębia się poprzez służbę innym i odpowiedzialność za swoje życie. Z kolei zatracenie poczucia godności własnej następuje przez brak miłości, obojętność czy nienawiść wobec bliźniego. Obecnie coraz częściej można zaobserwować przejawy braku poszanowania godności człowieka, dlatego potrzebna jest praca nad sobą i właściwa formacja, by można było w codziennym życiu postępować zgodnie z wymogami ludzkiej godności.
Socialization of e-court implementation based on the jurisdiction in the Karawang district court
Authors: Taun Taun , Affandi Imanudin , Rahman Rahman
Published: December 2022

According to Peraturan Mahkamah Agung Republik Indonesia Nomor 1 Tahun 2019 concerning Administration of Cases and Hearings in Electronic Courts, is the answer to how to conduct the efficiency of the trial by using e-court applications, but the justice seeker community has not effectively done it because of the lack of information and ability to use the e-court application, it is necessary to socialize the application of e-court so that the principle in civil trials which is simple, fast and light costs can be applied properly, furthermore pandemic covid-19 conditions can prevent transmission if the trial is minimized face-to-face by using an e-court application. The method used was to create a banner explaining the flow steps of using an e-court application, then to create infographics and video graphics flow of the use of an e-court application so that the justice seeker community can better understand it, and finally to hold a national webinar to make the scope of e-court application socialization widely known throughout Indonesia. With this devotional activity, partners or Karawang District Court is very helped, because the District Court has to socialize this e-court application so that with this devotional activity the district court becomes helped, the justice seeker community becomes easier in understanding the use of e-court applications, and it is expected that in the future it will be more effective, by still paying attention to the rules of civil procedure law in running the trial online.
Increasing productivity of meatball SMEs through the application of appropriate technology for meatball forming machines
Authors: Arsana I Made , Susila I Wayan , Cholik Mochamad , Drastiawati Novi Sukma
Published: December 2022

Meatballs are generally made from meat that is ground and built with flour. The results of this process are called pentol. Mr Jiman's meatball business which is located in Nganjuk Regency, still used conventional methods. This can affect the amount of pentol production because it still involves human labour. The method used also affects the shape and size, which is the unequal shape and needs a tool that improves this performance. Most of the equipment currently available in the market is a product with a large capacity, unreachable prices, expensive maintenance, and difficulty in obtaining spare parts. To solve partner problems, develop equipment in the form of a meatball forming machine with an electric motor. The method of making a machine is carried out in several stages: designing, measuring and cutting materials, manufacturing, assembling, and testing processes. This purpose is to increase meatball productivity. The results were obtained by using a meatball forming machine with a speed of 4 meatballs/second so that it has increased the efficiency of production time by 400% compared to the manual method, which produces one meatball/second. The productivity of business profits increased 43.7% compared to the previous one, which still used conventional processes.
Training on the utilization of banana pseudostems for manufacturing liquid organic fertilizer
Authors: Murnita Murnita , Afrida Afrida
Published: December 2022

Tanjung Durian Pasar Baru village, Bayang subdistrict, Pesisir Selatan district is one of the location for the Students Community Service - Community Empowerment Learning Ekasakti University  in 2019.  This location is an agricultural area, one of the commodities is the banana plant. The habits of the farmers during this time, banana stems have been cut down are left to rot in the banana groves (waste).  Even though banana stem can be used, one of which is for liquid organic fertilizer. Therefore this community service aims to; (1) to increase the farmer's motivation to make liquid organic fertilizer from the fake banana stem, (2) to improve the farmer's knowledge and skills about liquid organic fertilizer from the fake banana stem, and (3) to encourage the farmers to use liquid organic fertilizer from the fake banana stem, to reduce the use of inorganic fertilizer. In order to achieve this objective, the method used is counselling, practice, monitoring and evaluation. The results achieved show that community service activities are going well, and the community is eager to participate in the training and has a high desire to continue making POC, as seen from the activities of making POC which are carried out again by farmers. Farmers' knowledge increased about the understanding, advantages, disadvantages, benefits of POC and dexterity in making and using POC from fake banana stalks above 70%. The community implements the use of POC on peppers and tomatoes, thereby minimizing the use of inorganic fertilizers. In addition, POC can be marketed, thereby increasing farmers' income.
Increasing innovation and digital marketing in the batu brush business, Pererenan Village, Bali
Authors: Puspitawati Ni Made Dwi , Purnadewi Ni Kadek
Published: December 2022

The creative industry is one of the sectors affected by the Covid-19 pandemic. One way to win the competition is to implement a product innovation strategy that can attract consumers and have a competitive advantage for SMEs. Batu Brush is one of the SMEs that sells various kinds of brush stone products so far has experienced various problems, including: (1) marketing is still conventional, (2) stone brush motifs that have so far lacked innovation. The community service program carried out is to provide education to Batu Brush business owners about the importance of using social media such as Instagram to increase sales turnover through promotions, as well as helping Batu Brush business owners about product innovation, for example creating new image motifs. The method used is counselling about digital marketing through social media Instagram and socialization about the application of new motifs for the diversity of motifs owned by Batu Sikat SMEs. The results of this activity are where partners can implement digital marketing so that the market share is wider and partners can implement product innovations with a variety of motifs that can become selling points and high competitiveness so that in the end it is hoped that Batu Sikat SMEs can increase their turnover.
Handwashing application in student of Sekolah Dasar Negeri 24 Sungai Raya with activity book method
Authors: Sari Dina Yuspita , Widyasari Ratna
Published: December 2022

Infectious diseases usually contracted through hand-to-hand contact include the flu and the common cold and illnesses associated with Salmonella and E.coli bacteria. The expected outcomes through this PKM activity are to help elementary school children in implementing clean living behaviour programs by implementing handwashing with soap through unique and exciting activities so that elementary school-aged children know and can wash their hands properly, increase awareness will wash hands, and increase knowledge to elementary school children. The method used in this program is the educational media method using an activity book. The results obtained from this activity are the publication of an activity book with an ISBN and provide an understanding of the importance of washing hands and practising handwashing programs using soap for school-age children. Applying Handwashing with Soap (CTPS) with the activity book method can increase knowledge, attitudes and behaviour about washing hands properly using soap and running water.
An online education program for improving parent’s knowledge of appropriate complementary feeding and child health
Authors: Widyaningrum Rachmawati , Wienarno Fredeswindra Elievia Chintyasningrum , Jamilah Nurul
Published: December 2022

During the Covid-19 pandemic, its socio-economic impact can disrupt children's state of well-being as a vulnerable group. The changes in income and difficulties in accessing healthy and affordable food may affect the complementary feeding (CF) practices, and affect a child's nutritional status, and immunity. Besides, the lack of CF knowledge results in an increment in commercial supplement consumption to patch up nutrient deficiencies or prevent transmission. In this regard, the education program about healthy complementary feeding is essential. The online education program titled "Healthy Complementary Feeding to Protect Child's Health" was attended by 17 of 60 registrants (23,8%). It aimed to improve CF knowledge based on the WHO recommendation on CF, including local food-based CF  The program's evaluation results show that the major of the participants were satisfied, 60% of them strongly agreed that it was informative, and 75% of them strongly agreed that the materials were easy to understand. The follow-up results of 14 participants show that the CF knowledge score increased by 10.5% (The before-after mean score). The topic of children refusing to eat was the most beneficial topic for participants (92.9%). The conclusion is that an online-based education program in the pandemic setting can increase the participant's CF knowledge.
Increasing the competitiveness of corn into healthy noodles for Rantau Bengkayang Village, West Kalimantan
Authors: Dewi Yohana Sutiknyawati Kusuma , Soetignya Widadi Padmarsari , Rahmidiyani Rahmidiyani
Published: December 2022

Rantau village is a village that is not yet food secure in the Bengkayang district. Corn is one of the main village products but still uses conventional cultivation methods and has not implemented farming management, so its utilisation is not optimal. The crop yields in the form of shelled corn are sold to Singkawang at a price of IDR 4000 per kg. Lack of knowledge and skills, including corn diversification technology, is the reason why this village is not yet developed. The impact is that the use of corn to increase household food consumption patterns has not been carried out. One of the partners of this service program is the dissemination of technology to the community, one of which is PKK. The purpose of this service is to increase the knowledge and skills of PKK members so that they are able to improve food consumption patterns and initiate new income for families. The solution is to transfer processed diversification technology that is applied to food products, namely healthy noodles from corn and vegetables. Implementation methods include socialisation, technology dissemination, evaluation and monitoring. The target of this service is for at least 50% of PKK members to increase their knowledge of healthy noodles, apply noodle menus for social events, at least 3 PKK members and application for family food security, and at least 1 PKK member initiates commercialisation around the village.
UPR thematic community service activities 2021 in Mawar Mekar village, Pulau Petak district, Kapuas Regency in annulling the potential spread of Covid 19 at the village level
Authors: Utami Purnama Julia , Pebrianto Yohanes , Derwin Jethro , Putra Tri , Simanungkalit Yemima , Hutahaean Dasima , Arifani Rizka , Yuel Yuel , Tarigan Sri Winda Roselin Br , Ningsih Yunita Ladia , Diano Telu , Sihotang Lespida , Agustrinita Dina , Christinal Monica , Tampubolon Edophalar Jhosua , Meini Cerin Fredikna
Published: December 2022

The implementation of KKN is one of the obligations of students to fulfil the tri dharma of higher education in the community, but the condition of Level 4 regional restrictions and internet conditions that have not been established in the service area forced us to carry out Hybrid KKN with the main assumption of stopping the spread of covid in the Central Kalimantan region, building cooperation between government, between universities and at the same time make KKN produce measurable outputs and have an impact on society. Various policies that emerged during the covid pandemic forced students to be creative and innovative in community service in Mawar Mekar village. This article attempts to prove that a hybrid community service process by minimizing risk is possible in rural areas with a minimum internet signal
Research Roundup
Authors: Mcgloin Claudia
Published: December 2022

In this regular feature, aesthetic nurse Claudia McGloin presents a brief synopsis of a range of recently published articles on medical aesthetics. Research roundup aims to provide an overview, rather than a detailed summary and critique, of the papers selected. Should you wish to look at any of the papers in more detail, a full reference is provided at the end of each study summary
Change talk: developing a therapeutic relationship with your patients
Authors: Ratcliffe Jason
Published: December 2022

Building trust and a relationship with patients is the foundation for loyalty, which leads to repeat bookings and recommendations. In this article, Jason Ratcliffe discusses how to break the ice and get a conversation started with your patients. In some cases, understanding motivational interviewing techniques can help practitioners to guide patients to develop their strategies themselves to deal with problems they may discuss with in confidence
Polarization-independent microchannel in a high-speed-scan femtosecond laser-assisted etching of fused silica
Authors: Yao Qian , Yin Weiyi , Yao Heng , Shi Huiqiang , Su Zihuai , Zeng Xianglong , Shi Xiaoning , Zhao Wancong , Dai Ye
Published: December 2022

Microchannels fabricated by femtosecond laser-assisted chemical etching are of great
use in biochemical analysis. In this paper, we study the morphology
change of etched microchannels in fused silica by controlling the
laser scan speed, and we find a significant difference between the
chemical etched length and volume. The fabricated microchannels would
gradually become tapered along the scan direction, which influences
the flow of the hydrofluoric (HF) reagent and the etching rate. As a
result, the difference ratios of the etched length and volume,
respectively, reach

−

5.56

%

and

−

41.83

%

followed by the scan speed increasing
from 5 to 200 µm/s. Microchannels with polarization
independence and better aspect ratio could be obtained in a
high-speed-scan mode. We suggest that laser-induced structural
transformation from interconnected microcracks to nanogratings could
be responsible for this change. Aforementioned results offer a
feasible approach to achieve polarization-independent microchannels,
which is in favor of accelerating the fabrication of three-dimensional
microfluidic devices.
Measuring voluntary responses in healthcare utilization during the COVID-19 pandemic: Evidence from Taiwan
Authors: Tsai Yung-Yu , Yang Tzu-Ting
Published: December 2022

Healthcare has been one of the most affected sectors during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The utilization of related services for non-COVID-19 diseases fell dramatically following the point at which the virus broke out; however, little is known about whether this observed decline in healthcare use was due to voluntary behaviors or enforced measures. This paper quantifies the spontaneous change in healthcare utilization during the pandemic. We utilize a county-by-week-level dataset from Taiwan’s National Health Insurance (NHI) record, covering the entire Taiwanese population, and a difference-in-differences design. Our results indicate that even if there were no human mobility restrictions or supply-side constraints, people voluntarily reduced their demand for healthcare, due to fears of contagion, or COVID-related precautionary behaviors. We find that the number of outpatient visits (inpatient admissions) decreased by 19% (10%) during the pandemic period (February to May 2020). Furthermore, the demand response of healthcare for Influenza-like illness (ILI) was much greater and more persistent than for non-ILI, thereby suggesting that the substantial decline in accessing healthcare was induced by positive public health externality of prevention measures for COVID-19. Finally, we find that the demand for healthcare services did not get back to the pre-pandemic baseline, even when there were no local coronavirus cases for 253 consecutive days (mid-April to December 2020) in Taiwan.
Targeted deep sequencing analyses of long QT syndrome in a Japanese population
Authors: Nagata Yuki , Watanabe Ryo , Eichhorn Christian , Ohno Seiko , Aiba Takeshi , Ishikawa Taisuke , Nakano Yukiko , Aizawa Yoshiyasu , Hayashi Kenshi , Murakoshi Nobuyuki , Nakajima Tadashi , Yagihara Nobue , Mishima Hiroyuki , Sudo Takeaki , Higuchi Chihiro , Takahashi Atsushi , Sekine Akihiro , Makiyama Takeru , Tanaka Yoshihiro , Watanabe Atsuyuki , Tachibana Motomi , Morita Hiroshi , Yoshiura Koh-ichiro , Tsunoda Tatsuhiko , Watanabe Hiroshi , Kurabayashi Masahiko , Nogami Akihiko , Kihara Yasuki , Horie Minoru , Shimizu Wataru , Makita Naomasa , Tanaka Toshihiro
Published: December 2022

Long QT syndrome (LQTS) is one of the most common inherited arrhythmias and multiple genes have been reported as causative. Presently, genetic diagnosis for LQTS patients is becoming widespread and contributing to implementation of therapies. However, causative genetic mutations cannot be detected in about 20% of patients. To elucidate additional genetic mutations in LQTS, we performed deep-sequencing of previously reported 15 causative and 85 candidate genes for this disorder in 556 Japanese LQTS patients. We performed in-silico filtering of the sequencing data and found 48 novel variants in 33 genes of 53 cases. These variants were predicted to be damaging to coding proteins or to alter the binding affinity of several transcription factors. Notably, we found that most of the LQTS-related variants in the RYR2 gene were in the large cytoplasmic domain of the N-terminus side. They might be useful for screening of LQTS patients who had no known genetic factors. In addition, when the mechanisms of these variants in the development of LQTS are revealed, it will be useful for early diagnosis, risk stratification, and selection of treatment.
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC): Old player creates new perspectives on the polymicrobial sepsis model of CASP
Authors: van der Linde Julia , Diedrich Stephan , Klee Thorben , Heidecke Claus-Dieter , Kersting Stephan , Keßler Wolfram
Published: December 2022

Background

Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) is a life-threatening complication of sepsis. In surgical ICUs, DIC is frequently caused by abdominal sepsis, and the disarranged coagulation and complications often lead to death. The severity of sepsis is associated with a higher DIC score according to the parameters proposed by the International Society of Hemostasis and Thrombosis (ISTH) in 2001: platelet count, bleeding time (Quick), D-dimer, and fibrinogen. One problem in studying DIC is finding an adequate animal model that reflects the clinical situation of polymicrobial overwhelming infection.

Aims and methods

We investigated whether a well-established polymicrobial sepsis model of colon ascendens stent peritonitis (CASP) is suited to investigate the complexity of DIC. For this purpose, CASP-operated mice were examined 20 h after the operation with regard to coagulation parameters using cell counts, bleeding times, rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM), ELISAs for D-dimer and fibrinogen, and platelet accumulation in affected organs via immunohistochemistry to see if the mice develop a coagulation disorder that meets the definition of DIC proposed by the ISTH 2001 consensus conference.

Results

Herein, we showed that the CASP model is an all-encompassing animal model to analyze the complexity of systemic DIC in murine abdominal sepsis. There is highly reproducible thrombocytopenia, a significant prolongation of the bleeding time, and a loss of fibrinogen in plasma. We also observed microvascular thrombosis due to platelet accumulation in the microcirculation of the liver.

Conclusion

The CASP model seems superior to other artificial models, e.g., injecting substances, for inducing DIC. CASP is one of the best true-to-life models for analyzing the complexity of disseminated intravascular coagulation in polymicrobial sepsis.
Adherence to anti-asthma medications among adult asthmatic patients in Eastern Ethiopia: A multi-center cross-sectional study
Authors: Heluf Helina , Assefa Nega , Dessie Yadeta , Tamiru Dawit , Goshu Abel Tibebu , Fekadu Gelana
Published: December 2022

Introduction

Adherence to anti-asthmatic medications plays a vital role in enhancing an asthma patient’s quality of life and prognosis. However, in Ethiopia, the level of adherence and contributing factors were rarely studied. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the level of adherence to anti-asthma medications and associated factors among adult asthmatic patients in Eastern Ethiopia.

Method

Institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted at six governmental hospitals found in Eastern Ethiopia. A total of 320 asthma patients aged 18 years and above and using asthma medicines for at least 12 months were involved. An interviewer based structured questionnaires were used to collect the data. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were carried out using IBM SPSS version 22 (SPSS, Chicago, IL). The Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) with 95% Confidence Interval (CI) was used to determine the strength of association between independent variables and outcome variable. Variables with a p-value of ≤ 0.05 were considered statistically significant.

Result

Of the 320 asthma patients that participated in the study, 109(34.1%:28.8–39.1%) of them had good adherence to anti-asthmatic medications. Being a housewife (AOR = 4.265, 95%CI: 1.333, 13.653), having good knowledge about asthma (AOR = 2.921, 95%CI (1.472, 5.795), positive attitude towards asthma (AOR = 3.129, 95%CI: 1.555, 6.293), and use of oral corticosteroid drugs (AOR = 1.967, 95%CI: 1.008, 3.841) were factors positively associated with good adherence to anti-asthmatic medications. Participants on treatment for 2–3 years (AOR = .295, 95%CI: 0.099, 0.873), and those on medication for ≥ 4 years (AOR = 0.229, 95%CI: 0.079, 0.664) were 70.5% and 77.1% times less likely to adhere to anti-asthmatic medications respectively.

Conclusion

The current study signified a low level of adherence to anti-asthmatic medications. Participant’s characteristics and medication related factors were significantly associated with good adherence to anti-asthmatic medications. Health education and advice during follow-up for asthma patients is crucial for better adherence.
Achieving the health and well-being Sustainable Development Goals among adolescent mothers and their children in South Africa: Cross-sectional analyses of a community-based mixed HIV-status cohort
Authors: Toska Elona , Saal Wylene , Chen Charles Jenny , Wittesaele Camille , Langwenya Nontokozo , Jochim Janina , Steventon Roberts Kathryn J. , Anquandah Jason , Banougnin Boladé Hamed , Laurenzi Christina , Sherr Lorraine , Cluver Lucie
Published: December 2022

The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are a visionary and multi-sectoral agenda for human development. With less than a decade left to reach these targets, it is important to identify those at greatest risk of not meeting these ambitious targets. Adolescent mothers and their children are a highly vulnerable group. We mapped 35 SGD-related targets among 1,046 adolescent mothers and their oldest child (n = 1046). Questionnaires using validated scales were completed by 10- to 24-year-old adolescent girls and young women who had their first child before age 20 in an HIV-endemic district in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa. Maternal outcomes included 26 SDG-aligned indicators, while child-related outcomes included 9 indicators. Data was collected by trained researchers, following informed voluntary consent by the adolescent mothers and their caregivers. Frequencies and chi-square tests were conducted to compare progress along SDG-aligned indicators among adolescent mothers by HIV status. Overall, adolescent mothers reported low attainment of SDG-aligned indicators. While four in five adolescent mothers lived in poor households, nearly 93% accessed at least one social cash transfer and 80% accessed a child support grant for their children. Food security rates among adolescent mothers (71%) were lower than among their children (91%). Only two-thirds of adolescent mothers returned to school after childbirth, and only one-fifth were either studying or employed. Over half of adolescent mothers had experienced at least one type of violence (domestic, sexual or community). HIV-positive status was associated with higher rates of hunger and substance use, poorer school attendance, and higher rates of exposure to violence. Understanding progress and gaps in meeting the SDGs among highly vulnerable groups is critical, particularly for adolescent mothers and their children. These complex vulnerabilities suggest that programming for adolescent mothers must address their unique needs.
Effect of temperature on sporulation and spore development of giant kelp (Macrocystis pyrifera)
Authors: Le Duong M. , Desmond Mathew J. , Pritchard Daniel W. , Hepburn Christopher D.
Published: December 2022

Rising ocean temperature is a major driver of kelp forest decline worldwide and one that threatens to intensify over the coming decades. What is not particularly well understood are the mechanisms that drive loss and how they operate at differing life stages. This study aimed to establish an understanding of the effects of increasing temperature on the early developmental stages of the giant kelp, Macrocystis pyrifera. Sporulation was carried out across 10 temperature treatments from 9.5 to 26.2°C ± 0.2°C at approximately 2°C intervals. Spores were then incubated at these temperatures under a 20.3±1.7 μmol photons m-2 s-1, 16L:8D photoperiod for 5 days. Results indicate that spore release was positively correlated with increasing temperature, whereas an inverse trend was observed between temperature and the growth of germ-tube. The thermal threshold for spore and germling development was determined to be between 21.7°C and 23.8°C. Spore settlement was the most drastically effected developmental phase by increasing temperature. This study highlights the vulnerability of early life stages of M. pyrifera development to rising ocean temperature and has implications for modelling future distribution of this valuable ecosystem engineer in a changing ocean.
Home bias and employee social responsibility: Identification vs. benefit exchange
Authors: Zhang Tingting , Sun Wenjing , Rong Xing , Mu Jingyi
Published: December 2022

Employees, as the most valuable assets and critical sources of competitive advantage in enterprises, are among the important stakeholders in enterprises. Employee social responsibility (ESR) has been a continually important research interest in the field of enterprise social responsibility. However, in the literature, few studies explore how personal features affect employee social responsibility. Thus, sampling China’s listed companies from 2006 to 2019, we investigate how the home bias of senior executives influences enterprises’ employee social responsibility. We identify home bias based on whether a chairperson’s or CEO’s hometown matches the firm’s registration place. Three main results are obtained. First, the home bias of both CEOs and chairpersons can improve the corporate fulfillment of employee social responsibility. Second, further cost-benefit analysis shows that this result is due to not only identification but also benefit exchange. Although senior executives’ home bias significantly decreases employee turnover rate, enterprises absorb more employment, which significantly increases their redundant personnel costs. Therefore, firms should balance the potential benefits and costs incurred by home bias via trade-off. Third, in firms facing less market competition, firms with more governmental subsidies or state-owned firms, senior executives’ home bias has a more significant promoting effect on the fulfillment of ESR, supporting the view of benefit exchange. Accordingly, by extending theories on the effects of senior executives’ home bias and enriching the ESR literature, this paper has important practical value, our findings can guide and promote firms to perform ESR while actively complying with a national policy for stabilizing employment and ensuring people’s well-being.
Operation decision of competitive mining supply chain based on social responsibility
Authors: Du Wenyi , Wang Huimin
Published: December 2022

The development of the green economy has significantly impact the traditional mining industry. Mining enterprises must invest in green technology to reduce the environmental pollution caused by flying dust and soil erosion and are subject to increased scrutiny to be socially responsible when conducting their business. To address this issue, we consider a competitive mining supply chain system consisting of two excavators and two exclusive retailers. Among them, the excavators have a certain sense of corporate social responsibility (CSR), that is, in addition to pursuing economic profits, they also consciously pay attention to the interests of consumers. We establish three different game models that two excavators exhibit no CSR behaviour (NN), two excavators exhibit CSR behaviour (SS) and one excavator exhibits CSR behaviour (SN). We examine the optimal decision-making strategies and analyse the impact of social responsibility. Analytical results show that the optimal strategies of mining supply chain are different under different supply chain structures. The optimal decisions of the mining supply chain members are the same in each case under the NN and SS models. In the SN model, the optimal decision strategy value of mining supply chain members is always greater than non-socially responsible supply chain members. In SS model, when the intensity of social responsibility competition is low, two excavators reduce the wholesale price, and retailers reduce the sales price; when the intensity of social responsibility competition is strong, two excavators will increase the wholesale price, and retailers will increase the sales price. These help to promote product sales and increase the profits of the supply chain system. In SN model, with the increase of social responsibility competition intensity, the wholesale price of two excavators and the sales price of retailers first increased and then decreased. Finally, numerical examples illustrated to justify the proposed model.
Eficiência dos gastos em saúde da Atenção Primária no SUS
Authors: Paganelli Maria Ondina , Mendes Áquilas
Published: December 2022

Este estudo tem como objetivo analisar o que tem sido produzido na literatura nacional sobre a eficiência dos gastos em saúde da Atenção Primária no Sistema Único de Saúde – SUS. Para isso, realizou-se uma revisão integrativa no portal da Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde – BVS, de artigos científicos, publicados em português, inglês e espanhol. Da leitura sistematizada dos títulos e resumos de 252 publicações identificadas pela sintaxe final foram considerados seis artigos incluídos. Para a análise dos estudos incluídos foram identificados objetivo(s), método do estudo e organizado três abordagens de discussão: (a) eficiência relacionada a financiamento e gastos públicos em saúde; (b) eficiência relacionada a prestação de serviços/programas em saúde na Atenção Primária à Saúde – APS; (c) a relação entre eficiência no financiamento/gastos e eficiência na prestação de serviços na Atenção Primária à Saúde. Com os resultados obtidos, foi possível concluir que a maioria dos estudos ao discorrer sobre a temática remete à eficiência como um de seus atributos, e tendem avaliar o conceito da eficiência técnica. Outros analisam eficiência em relação a estimação de custos, e sob a perspectiva da produção de informações sobre custos como insumo para auxiliar gestores na tomada de decisão com gastos em saúde pública. Assim, é necessário ampliar os estudos sobre esse tema, especialmente sobre eficiência alocativa na atenção primária no SUS.
.
Analgesic and Anti-Pyretic Activities of the Root Bark of Rutidea Parviflora (Rubiaceae)
Authors: Okiemute Rosa Johnson-Ajinwo , Godwin Nyodee Dummene , Agborubere Iso-Emi Bandele , Godwin Nyodee Dummene
Published: December 2022

This study aims at investigating the antipyretic activity of different solvent fractions of the root bark of Rutidea parviflora (Rubiaceae). This plant is used ethno-botanically by the people of Ethiope East-West Local Government Area of Delta State, Nigeria to treat various ailments such as inflammation, fever and pain. This necessitated this research to validate its local use, due to the scanty literature and information present about this plant. It has also shown some anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory activity in previous researches. The present study is a randomized control study. Acetic acid induced writhing was employed for analgesic testing. Acetic acid was used to induce writhing in Wistar rats which were divided into fourteen (14) groups. The groups were administered extracts and fractions of the plant (200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg). The animals were observed for number of writing movements and the percentage writhing was calculated. Baker’s yeast induced pyrexia was employed for the antipyretic testing. The animal groups were administered extracts and fractions of the plant (200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg), with Paracetamol as the standard drug (100 mg/kg) and Normal saline (control) for both experiments. The body temperature of the rats was measured rectally over a period of five (5) hours. All values of P<0.05 were taken as significant. The organic extract, aqueous extract and various fractions (n-hexane, ethyl-acetate, n-butanol and aqueous) produced significant inhibition of writhing responses and pyrexia in a dose dependent manner and time dependent manner respectively. The aqueous extract at a dose of 400mg/kg showed the greatest reduction in writhing, 91.58% compared to the standard drug (paracetamol) which may suggest that the fraction possesses better efficacy than paracetamol as an analgesic. The observed activities could be attributed to these bioactive compounds: Palmatine, Urs-12-ene-24-oic-3-oxo-methyl ester and Gallic acid contained in R. parviflora.
Fear of Falls and Frailty: Cause or Consequence or Both?
Authors: Marks Ray
Published: December 2022

Background
Many older adults are vulnerable to becoming frail. They are also often at risk for falling and serious injuries and poor health outcomes.

Aim
This exploratory review examines the correlates of frailty, and fear of falling and their association insofar as older adults wellbeing may be jeopardized.

Methods and Procedures
Articles extracted from major electronic data bases that addressed the current topic of interest were used. Key findings regarding the syndromes of frailty and fear of falling were duly downloaded, analyzed and summarized in narrative form.

Results
A high proportion of older adults can be expected to exhibit frailty or become frail as they age. Many too are at risk for falls and fear of future falls, regardless of frailty status. A persistent fear of falls may however, heighten frailty risk or manifestations if not duly addressed in a timely manner.

Conclusion
Prompt comprehensive assessment of at risk older adults, as well as the frail and pre frail older adult, plus those who have fallen may avert serious injury and long term disability plus excess frailty and its deleterious impacts this syndrome has on aging older adults as well as societies.
The Evaluation of Forage Silage Related Traits Between Maize and Hybrid Giant Napier (Pennisetum Hydridum)
Authors: Wang Angui , Liu Pengfei , Guo Xiangyang , Shen Jiaqi , Zhu Yunfang , Zhu Yunfang , Wu Xun , Chen Zehui , Yang Kexiang
Published: December 2022

Selecting elite silage specific variety was important for modern animal husbandry development and agricultural production. In this paper, six forage quality related physiology traits were evaluated by using chemical detection method, the difference between maize silage and hybrid giant napier (pennisetum hydridum) were analyzed. Results showed that, maize showed better performance than that of hybrid giant napier, with average protein content of 8.54% VS 7.48%, starch content of 11.18% VS 7.90%, soluble sugar content of 4.09% VS 2.90%, and IVOMD of 35.23% VS 34.94%, respectively. No significant differences were found for NDF content and ADF content between maize and hybrid giant napier. In addition, QQ446 showed better performance than that of JY818, with higher IVOMD of 35.50% VS 34.95%, higher protein content of 8.60% VS 8.48%, higher starch content of 11.82% VS 10.53%, and lower ADF content of 32.86% VS 37.43%. These results proved that, QQ446 was the elite silage specific variety, it contained much more forage advantages, and could be widely used in future animal husbandry development and agricultural production.
New or existing, does it matter?
Authors: Tanner Peter , Hingorani Ramon , Lara Carlos
Published: December 2022

Both when designing new and when evaluating existing structures, methods of analysis must be based on established engineering theory and practice. Also, the general principles of structural reliability regarding the treatment of uncertainties when verifying the established requirements apply to both, design and assessment. Taking further into account that new or existing civil engineering works are usually unique, either because they are prototypes or because they are exposed to specific conditions, from an engineering point of view, structural analysis and verification must be carried out, both in the design and in the assessment, under case-specific conditions according to the same principles. However, important differences exist between assessment and design, for example regarding the state of information and its updating through different types of information, the structural condition, reliability requirements, verification methods or decision options. Such differences, which are briefly summarized in the contribution, can often lead to a high level of conservatism when using design-oriented methods for assessment purposes. There is therefore a need to develop a generally recognized, coherent and harmonized set of rules for the assessment of existing structures. The CEN Technical Specification for assessment and retrofitting partially closes this gap, but only establishes principles on assessmentspecific reliability aspects. The consistent application of these generic assessment rules in practice requires further assumptions, or even case-specific developments. Practical applications are therefore of paramount importance in identifying relevant issues to consider in the future development of assessment methods and codes.
Territórios de resistência e práticas descoloniais: estratégias de luta Guarani e Kaiowa pelo Tekoha - Mato Grosso do Sul/Brasil
Authors: Mota Juliana Grasiéli Bueno
Published: December 2022

Este artigo esboça os resultados preliminares obtidos no processo de construção da tese de doutoramento. O objetivo central é demonstrar as estratégias de luta Guarani e Kaiowa perante o Estado brasileiro para a demarcação de seus territórios tradicionalmente ocupados, denominados na língua guarani de tekoha. Tal prática tem sido efetivada por meio da formação de "acampamentos" de retomadas, que sob nossa ótica se constitui enquanto territórios de resistências e práticas descoloniais. As metodologias de análise dos resultados foram construídas por meio da observação participante e entrevistas.
Percepção social sobre florestas nativas e restauração ecológica em assentamentos rurais no Pontal do Paranapanema e no Norte do Paraná
Authors: Norder Luiz Antonio , Ursi Maurício Ventura , Menezes Júnior Ayres de Oliveira , Rodrigues Daniel Delatin
Published: December 2022

Este texto apresenta os resultados de uma pesquisa quantitativa baseada em questionários estruturados aplicados em amostragem aleatória e representativa nas regiões do Pontal do Paranapanema (SP) e do Norte do Paraná com a finalidade de caracterizar a percepção de assentados e técnicos extensionistas sobre florestas nativas e processos de restauração ecológica. A pesquisa evidencia, entre outros aspectos, que os assentados nas duas regiões manifestaram uma interpretação favorável em relação às florestas no assentamento e/ou em seu entorno; mostra também, entre outros aspectos, que predomina entre os assentados a intenção de participar de atividades de restauração florestal, inclusive de forma voluntária, o que contrasta com a percepção de uma limitada ação de extensão rural sobre este assunto.
Agroecologia e recursos alimentares não convencionais: contribuições ao fortalecimento da soberania e segurança alimentar e nutricional
Authors: Paula Filho Galdino Xavier de
Published: December 2022

A prática alimentar esteve inicialmente relacionada à necessidade de sobrevivência e dependente dos recursos que o meio natural dispunha. Com o passar dos anos e com a tecnificação implementada nos sistemas agroalimentares, muitos alimentos passaram a circular como produtos visando Ã  obtenção do lucro. Com o objetivo de discutir a importância destes recursos alimentares, sua relação com a agroecologia e com o fortalecimento da soberania e segurança alimentar e nutricional, realizou-se levantamento bibliográfico utilizando artigos científicos, trabalhos acadêmicos e documentos oficiais. Verificou-se que formou-se uma indústria agroalimentar, por meio de apoios obtidos pelas políticas de crédito agrícola, orientado por um modelo de assistência técnica que teve a contribuição da mídia no incentivo à produção e ao consumo, resultando no abandono dos recursos alimentares não convencionais, na dependência de novas áreas de terra, de energia e de insumos químicos e na degradação das fontes de recursos naturais. Constatou-se que a agroecologia relaciona-se com a soberania e segurança alimentar e nutricional, visto que recursos alimentares não convencionais contribuem com a autonomia das famílias que as consomem.
Contribuições para o debate paradigmático entre educação rural e educação do campo
Authors: Lemes Mariana Santos , Chelotti Marcelo Cervo
Published: December 2022

O presente artigo busca elucidar a relação paradoxal entre os pressupostos teóricos que compreendem o paradigma da Educação do Campo e o paradigma da Educação Rural. Do ponto de vista metodológico optou-se por uma revisão da literatura abarcando os principais autores que discutem tais pressupostos. A partir de uma abordagem que privilegia o debate sobre qual conceito de rural o paradigma foi estruturado, espera-se compreender seus principais fundamentos. Assim, entende-se o Paradigma da Educação Rural enquanto principio de um projeto de educação correspondente aos anseios de modernização do território brasileiro. Enquanto que, o Paradigma da Educação do Campo é compreendido como um processo em construção que surge por meio do entendimento de um projeto de educação político-social mais abrangente que assegura o campo como espaço de vida digna e de legítima luta por políticas públicas específicas e por um projeto educativo próprio para seus sujeitos. Portanto, mais do que uma terminologia, o que está em questão são dois distintos projetos educacionais para o campo brasileiro, cunhados em distintos momentos históricos, e emanados por diferentes segmentos da sociedade.
Reprodução da agricultura familiar frente ao modelo de desenvolvimento agrícola regional
Authors: Paixão Marcio Escobar , Mera Claudia Maria Prudêncio de , Menuzzi Diverio Tamara Silvana
Published: December 2022

Este estudo busca entender quais são as estratégias de reprodução social e econômica dos agricultores familiares produtores de grãos e leite do Alto Jacuí/RS, inseridos num ambiente concentrado e capitalista, que os expõe a uma baixa disponibilidade de área para produção, difícil acesso ao crédito, aos recursos financeiros e desenvolvimento tecnológico, fazendo com que a agricultura familiar ao longo dos anos buscasse alternativas para viabilizar suas atividades e permanência no campo. Em sua metodologia, foi utilizada pesquisa de campo, através de entrevista com 135 produtores familiares produtores de grãos e de leite do Alto Jacuí/RS. Este estudo demonstra que a produção leiteira representa maior fortalecimento econômico e permanência da agricultura familiar no meio rural, se eles trabalhassem somente com a atividade leiteira em até 40 hectares seria suficiente para viabilizar economicamente sua permanência na propriedade.
Desenvolvimento rural nas regiões sojicultoras do MAPITO
Authors: Oliveira Thiago José Arruda de , Dörner Stefan Hubertus
Published: December 2022

O principal objetivo deste artigo é analisar a existência de uma relação entre desenvolvimento rural e produção sojicultora. O cenário desta análise são os Estados do Maranhão, Piauí e Tocantins, a chamada região MAPITO, a qual experimentou expansão da área plantada de soja adaptada ao bioma Cerrado nas duas últimas décadas. Para tanto, aplica-se os indicadores da estatística espacial - I de Moran global e local (LISA) cujo objetivo é identificar as regiões sojicultoras. Em seguida emprega o IDR - Indicador de Desenvolvimento Rural - elaborado por Kageyama (2008) para comparar o nível de desenvolvimento entre as regiões. Os resultados apontam que não existe a hipótese levantada no Cerrado do MAPITO. Apesar da alta produção, as áreas analisadas ainda não conseguiram converter os ganhos na agricultura em bem estar para a população do campo.