bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Thickness of the bone-cartilage unit in relation to osteoarthritis severity in the human hip joint
Authors: Hartlev Louise Brøndt , Klose-Jensen Rasmus , Thomsen Jesper Skovhus , Nyengaard Jens Randel , Boel Lene Warner Thorup , Laursen Mogens Berg , Laurberg Trine Bay , Nielsen Andreas Wiggers , Steengaard-Pedersen Kristian , Hauge Ellen-Margrethe
Published: September 2018

Objective

Bone formation is a hallmark of osteoarthritis (OA). It has been speculated that bone formation may occur because of ossification at the bone-cartilage unit, that is, bone formation directly involving the calcified cartilage (CC). This study aimed to investigate the thickness of the CC and subchondral bone (SCB) in relation to the severity of the overlying articular cartilage (AC) degeneration.

Design

We investigated femoral heads from 20 patients with OA and 15 healthy subjects with design-based stereology using systematic uniform random sampling of the entire joint surface. This was combined with the Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) OA cartilage histopathology assessment system, thus obtaining focal OARSI grades paired with thickness measurements of AC, CC and the SCB.

Results

The patients with OA had thicker CC (mean 159; 95% CI 144 to 177 µm) compared with the healthy subjects (mean 132; 95% CI 113 to 1550 µm; p=0.036), and this difference was even higher in areas without loss of AC thickness (OARSI grade ≤3); 187 (95% CI 164 to 214) µm vs 132 (95% CI 113 to 155) µm (p=0.001). In the patients with OA, a thicker SCB was observed in areas with loss of AC thickness (OARSI grade ≥4), but not in areas without loss of AC thickness (OARSI grade ≤3).

Conclusion

The study showed that thicker CC is present in early stages of OA, suggesting that bone formation by endochondral ossification is an early phenomenon of OA. Thickening of the SCB was present, but only in areas with denuded bone. Suggesting that also appositional bone growth occurs and that it may be a consequence of changed biomechanics.
Transgenerational effects of egg nutrients on the early development of Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) across a thermal gradient
Authors: Thorn Michael W. , Dick Morag F. , Oviedo Leo , Guglielmo Christopher G. , Morbey Yolanda E.
Published: September 2018

The transgenerational effect of maternal diet, expressed as variation in the composition and quantity of egg nutrients available to offspring during endogenous development (i.e., prior to free-feeding), has the potential to greatly influence the response of offspring phenotypes to varying environmental conditions. For this study, we examined how natural variation in the fatty acid and proximate composition of eggs from three Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) populations influenced early development across a thermal gradient using a common garden hatchery experiment. We found that the relative quantity of fat, lean mass, and water in the eggs was similar among populations. However, the fatty acid composition of the eggs differed among all populations. After controlling for egg mass, egg fatty acid and proximate composition influenced hatch length, swim-up length, and hatch to swim-up growth. Importantly, the magnitude and direction of these egg quality effects depended on the population of origin and temperature. Overall, our results demonstrate that natural variation in egg nutrient composition, likely driven by maternal diet, has transgenerational effects on offspring development under varying thermal conditions.
Magnetic surveying with an unmanned ground vehicle
Authors: Hay A. , Samson C. , Tuck L. , Ellery A.
Published: September 2018

With the recent proliferation of unmanned aerial vehicles for geophysical surveying, a novel opportunity exists to develop unmanned ground vehicles in parallel. This contribution features a study to integrate the Husky A200 robotic development platform with a GSMP 35U magnetometer that has recently been developed for the unmanned aerial vehicle market. Methods to identify and reduce the impact of magnetically noisy components on the unmanned ground vehicle platforms are discussed. The noise generated by the platform in laboratory and gentle field conditions, estimated using the fourth difference method for a magnetometer–vehicle separation distance of 121 cm and rotation of the chassis wheels at full speed (1 m/s), is ±1.97 nT. The integrated unmanned ground vehicle was used to conduct two robotic magnetic surveys to map cultural targets and natural variations of the magnetic field. In realistic field conditions, at a full speed of 1 m/s, the unmanned ground vehicle measured total magnetic intensity over a range of 1730 nT at 0.1 m spatial resolution with a productivity of 2651 line metres per hour.
The Role of Non-Echoplanar Diffusion-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Diagnosis of Primary Cholesteatoma and Cholesteatoma Recidivism as an Adjunct to Clinical Evaluation
Authors: Laske Roman D. , Roth Thomas N. , Baráth Krisztina , Schuknecht Bernhard , Huber Alexander M. , Röösli Christof
Published: September 2018

Introduction:

The aim of this study was to analyze the sensitivity and specificity of non-echoplanar (non-EPI) diffusion-weighted (DW) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for the detection of cholesteatoma, with a focus on its value as an adjunct to clinical examination.

Methods:

In a prospective cohort study, 92 cases were divided into 2 groups: “clinically cholesteatoma” ( n = 79) and “clinically no cholesteatoma” ( n = 13). Non-EPI DW MRI was performed preoperatively in all cases. The presence of a cholesteatoma was assessed by clinicians otoscopically, by neuroradiologists on non-EPI DW MRI, by the surgeon intraoperatively, and finally by the pathologist postoperatively. Data analysis was performed for specificity, sensitivity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and interrater variability.

Results:

The sensitivity and specificity were 89.3% and 75%, respectively, in the “clinically cholesteatoma” group and 0% and 100% in the “clinically no cholesteatoma” group. Non-EPI DW MRI had a positive predictive value of 98.5% when cholesteatoma was suspected clinically and a negative predictive value of 84.6% when cholesteatoma was not suspected clinically.

Conclusion:

If cholesteatoma is suspected clinically, non-EPI DW MRI is not necessary. If there is no clinical suspicion of cholesteatoma in second-look situations, sensitivity is low and serial follow-up MRI with long intervals is advised.
State of Privileging in Pharmacy: A Survey of Vizient-Affiliated Institutions
Authors: Richards Jessika , Wascher Molly , Alwan Michael , Beardsley James , Naseman Ryan , Nesbit Todd , Trujillo Tate , Fuller Patrick
Published: September 2018

Purpose: The process of privileging pharmacists is an important step in developing optimal pharmacy practice models. Currently, little published literature exists detailing the status of pharmacist privileging efforts. The objective of this study is to assess and characterize a snapshot of the current and future state of privileging practices in pharmacy at Vizient academic medical centers (AMCs) and their affiliate institutions. Methods: An electronic survey questionnaire was sent to Vizient pharmacy directors and their affiliates to assess institutional privileging practices and identify perceived or actual barriers. The survey was divided into 2 pathways based on the current status of privileging at the institution. Results: In total, 46 directors of pharmacy completed the survey. Only 33% (15/46) of pharmacy directors indicated they had a current privileging process in place. About 70% (21/30) of institutions without an established privileging process indicated they were considering establishing a process. For institutions without an established privileging process, most pharmacy directors identified a lack of organizational support and resources as barriers to implementation. Conclusion: Although credentialing and privileging is considered a national priority to aid in expanding and enhancing pharmacists’ scope of practice, our survey demonstrated that few respondents currently have a privileging process in place. The results from this study may highlight important barriers and keys to success to be considered when implementing a privileging process.
Therapeutic Enoxaparin in the Morbidly Obese Patient: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Hanni Claudia M. , Wilhelm Sheila M. , Korkis Bianca , Petrovitch Elizabeth A. , Tsilimingras Kanella V. , McConachie Sean M.
Published: September 2018

Enoxaparin is a low molecular weight heparin commonly used in the treatment of venous thromboembolisms (VTEs); however, evidence on optimal empiric dosing recommendations are lacking in patients with morbid obesity. Utilization of an absolute dose cap, anti-Xa monitoring, and reduced empiric dosing are among the techniques used in this population. We describe a case of a morbidly obese man (body-mass index, BMI: 68.2 kg/m2, total body weight: 236 kg) who required therapeutic enoxaparin for suspected pulmonary embolism (PE) and critical limb ischemia as a bridge therapy during warfarin initiation. An initial empiric dose of 200 mg Q12 hours (0.85 mg/kg) resulted in an anti-Xa level of 1.01 IU/mL following the fifth dose, and no dose modification was deemed necessary. He experienced no adverse effects from treatment. This report adds to a growing body of evidence illustrating the need for reduced empiric weight-based doses of enoxaparin in the morbidly obese population and raises the question of whether dose capping is an appropriate practice in the clinical setting of morbidly obese patients with acute VTE.
“So Now, I Wonder, What Am I?”: A Narrative Approach to Bicultural Identity Integration
Authors: Lilgendahl Jennifer Pals , Benet-Martinez Veronica , Bishop Margaret , Gilson Katharine , Festa Lindsay , Levenson Chloe , Rosenblum Rena
Published: September 2018

Individuals socialized in multiple cultures actively construct their bicultural identity in the context of relevant life events. However, the content and meaning of these experiences, as subjectively constructed and understood by the individual, remain largely unexplored in relation to biculturalism outcomes. Using a narrative approach, two studies of U.S. biculturals examined how memories about the experience of being bicultural (“bicultural memory narratives”) related to bicultural identity integration (BII). BII describes having cultural identities that are blended and exist harmoniously within the self (vs. having dissociated and conflicting identities). In Study 1, bicultural college students shared two bicultural memory narratives, which were coded for the past event valence, exploratory processing, and ending valence (positive vs. negative ending). Most reported memories about at least somewhat negative experiences, and yet narrating those events with positive endings was predictive of higher BII, even after controlling for other factors, such as trait affect. In Study 2, second-generation bicultural adults ranging in age from 18 to 62 shared narratives about memories of bicultural conflict, which were also coded for exploratory processing and positive resolution. Similar to Study 1, positive resolution predicted higher levels of BII, independent of other factors. Bicultural identity conflict was found to decrease with age across adulthood. Findings for exploratory processing were inconclusive and suggest that its role in BII may fluctuate over time and be dependent on several factors, including age, type of memory, and time spent exploring bicultural identity.
A Comprehensive Framework for Evaluating Shelby County School District’s Voluntary Preschool Program: The Challenges of Equity, Choice, Efficiency, and Social Cohesion
Authors: Gulosino Charisse , Maxwell Phoebe
Published: September 2018

In this article, the Tennessee’s Voluntary Prekindergarten (TN-VPK) program in general and the Shelby County Schools’ VPK program in particular are analyzed using the policy instruments of regulation, finance, and support services. The geospatial analysis (Geographic Information Systems or “GIS”) indicates that many of VPK’s site locations are unable to provide access to all qualified applicants. For both TN-VPK and Shelby County Schools, it is useful not only to analyze the varied aspects of state and federally funded public-choice Pre-K programs, but also to evaluate the consequences to equity, freedom of choice, productive efficiency, and social cohesion in a geospatial context.
Second-Guessing in Group Decision Making
Authors: Jian Lian , Hollingshead Andrea B. , Lin John C.
Published: September 2018

While numerous studies have demonstrated the difficulty minority opinion holders face when trying to persuade a majority, the present research investigated the conditions under which minority members might second-guess themselves and become advocates for the majority’s position even when they have the best information. In a laboratory experiment, we examined whether the structure of monetary incentives (fixed amount vs. performance-based) and group decision-making procedure (collective decisions vs. group discussion then individual decisions) might mitigate second-guessing by minority members when they initially favor the objectively best choice. Our results indicated that compared with fixed-amount incentives, performance-based incentives increased overall information sharing in collective decision-making groups but not in individual decision-making groups. Second-guessing by minority members was most likely to occur in groups that received performance-based incentives and made decisions individually. As a result of second-guessing, these groups also made poorer decisions.
Differences and Similarities in Predictors of Externalizing Behavior Problems Between Boys and Girls: A 1-Year Follow-Up Study
Authors: Habersaat Stéphanie , Boonmann Cyril , Schmeck Klaus , Stéphan Philippe , Francescotti Eric , Fegert Jörg M. , Perler Christian , Gasser Jacques , Schmid Marc , Urben Sébastien
Published: September 2018

The aim of this study was to investigate the sex-specific predictive value of age of onset of delinquent behaviors, callous-unemotional (CU) traits, and anger–irritability problems for externalizing behavior problems in institutionalized adolescents over the course of 1 year. A total of 118 girls and 240 boys from child welfare and juvenile justice institutions were evaluated twice: At T1, age of onset, CU traits, anger–irritability problems, nonverbal reasoning, and externalizing behavior problems were measured; at T2 (later), externalizing behavior problems were measured a second time. Results showed significant interactions between sex and anger–irritability problems, and between sex and CU traits, in the sense that the relation between these two predictors at T1 and externalizing behavior problems at T2 was stronger in girls than in boys. Results of this study point out sex differences in the validity of predictors of externalizing behavior problems.
BPT for Early-Onset Behavior Disorders: Examining the Link Between Treatment Components and Trajectories of Child Internalizing Symptoms
Authors: Rothenberg W. Andrew , Anton Margaret T. , Gonzalez Michelle , Lafko Breslend Nicole , Forehand Rex , Khavjou Olga , Jones Deborah J.
Published: September 2018

Behavioral Parent Training (BPT) is the standard of care for early-onset Behavior Disorders (BDs). Preliminary evidence suggests that BPT may also lead to improvement in comorbid symptomatology, particularly internalizing problems, in children with BDs, yet less is currently known about how BPT produces such cascading effects. To begin to address this gap in the literature, trajectory analyses were used to examine the link between treatment components of one mastery-based BPT program, Helping the Noncompliant Child ( HNC), and child internalizing symptoms over the course of treatment. Findings revealed that parental use of the Attends skill (i.e., parental description of child activity with warmth and enthusiasm) over time was significantly associated with decreases in trajectories of child internalizing symptoms across treatment. Further probing of these effects revealed that parent use of average or above-average levels of Attends across treatment sessions led to significant reductions in child internalizing symptoms by Sessions 7 to 10 of treatment. Consistent with the movement toward a modular approach to the treatment of children, findings highlight the importance of identifying particular BPT skills that can be used in treatment to target multiple comorbid child symptom clusters. Clinical implications and future directions are discussed.
The Dark Side of Luxury: Social Costs of Luxury Consumption
Authors: Cannon Christopher , Rucker Derek D.
Published: September 2018

Extant research demonstrates that luxury goods are beneficial signals that bestow upon individuals social benefits that range from positive evaluations to compliance. In contrast to this perspective, the current work explores the idea that luxury goods can carry significant negative social costs for actors. Across four experiments, the social cost of luxury is examined. Although individuals who display luxury goods are ascribed higher status, they can pay a hefty tax when it comes to warmth. The social costs of luxury consumption appear to be driven by impression management concerns rather than envy. Consequently, whether the consumption of luxury goods yields positive or negative social consequences for an actor critically depends both on whether status or warmth is relevant for a decision and observers’ own lay beliefs about luxury consumption. Overall, this work reveals the more complex psychology of individuals’ interpretation and response to actors’ use of luxury goods.
Intelligence, Educational and Learning Capital, and Domain Impact Level of Activities as Predictors of School Achievement
Authors: Harder Bettina , O’Reilly Colm , Debatin Tobias
Published: September 2018

Intelligence is a well-supported predictor of school achievement, however, it refers only to the cognitive facet of learning determinants. The aim of this article is to contrast the predictive properties of two comprehensive concepts developed within the actiotope model of giftedness (AMG) with that of intelligence. These concepts are educational and learning capital (ELC) and the domain impact level of activities (DILA), which were contrasted with a nonverbal intelligence measure (Raven’s standard progressive matrices). We investigated N = 90 fourth graders from regular classes in a German urban area. Results showed that achievement in German language was better predicted by ELC and DILA than by intelligence, whereas mathematical achievement was predicted by intelligence and educational and learning capital to similar degrees. The AMG concepts also showed incremental predictive power over intelligence. These findings suggest that ELC and, with some limitation, DILA (a) are well suited for predictions of school achievement and (b) capture valuable different aspects of the learning system than intelligence measures. Implications for education and research are discussed.
Equitable Access to Services in Large-Scale Pedestrian Facilities
Authors: Abdelghany Khaled , Abdelghany Ahmed , Mahmassani Hani , Kaysi Isam
Published: September 2018

This paper presents a modeling framework for the planning of spatially distributed public service facilities. The framework assists in determining the locations and capacities of public facilities in different contexts including urban planning, architectural design, and special events. Given a preliminary set of feasible facility locations, the framework solves for the optimal capacity of each facility and the associated pedestrian-facility distribution pattern. The capacities are allocated such that the total time spent by all pedestrians is minimized. The framework assumes informed pedestrians where each pedestrian is minimizing the combined access and service times at the facility. The framework is first illustrated using a hypothetical area with few service facilities. Then, the results are presented for the application of the framework to plan the amenity services in a major pilgrimage site in Makkah, Saudi Arabia. The results illustrate the capabilities of the framework in determining the optimal service area for each facility, which is essential for the design of wayfinding schemes that ensure service efficiency. Furthermore, it provides a plan for prioritizing capacity expansion of the facilities such that pedestrians’ benefits are maximized.
The Different Roles of Parents and Friends: Support for Divorce and Repartnering Following Martial Dissolution among Latina and White Women
Authors: McNamee Catherine B. , Smyth Lisa
Published: September 2018

What role do significant others play in orientations to repartnering following divorce? Situated within critical role theory, and focusing on 23 white and Latina divorcees from Texas (the United States), this paper examines orientations toward repartnering in the light of distinct friend and parent expectations. While friends were sources of sympathy and affirmation, parents were more interventionist, indicating moral expectations. Parents either encouraged repartnering as the route to a happy future, or discouraged it on grounds that first marriage creates sacred, unbreakable bonds. The former response was more common among whites, and the latter more common among Latinas. The paper argues that the expectations of friends and parents are taken account of during this transitional period, in positive and negative ways, as orientations toward marriage, divorce, and repartnering were explained and justified.
Social Reactions to Sexual Assault Disclosure: The Role of Posttraumatic Cognitions
Authors: Morris Jill M. , Quevillon Randal P.
Published: September 2018

Sexual assault can have a detrimental impact on women’s mental, physical, sexual, and interpersonal health and well-being. After experiencing sexual assault, 74% to 88% of individuals disclose the assault to someone they trust. After such disclosures, individuals experience both perceived positive and negative reactions. While positive reactions may be protective and aid in recovery, negative reactions can contribute to feelings of self-blame and maladaptive beliefs about the cause of the assault. Previous studies have shown independent associations between social reactions, negative cognitions, and posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) following sexual assault. However, prior research has not explored the joint role of social reactions and posttraumatic cognitions in relationship to PTSS and sexual assertiveness. Moreover, the mechanism regarding these associations is not well established. The present study tested a path model of the effects of social reactions (positive and negative) to disclosure of sexual assault on posttraumatic cognitions, PTSS, and sexual assertiveness in college women. It was hypothesized that posttraumatic cognitions would mediate the relationship between social reactions and both sexual assertiveness and PTSS. A total of 102 college women participated in the study and completed measures of Sexual Experiences, Social Reactions, Posttraumatic Cognitions, PTSS, and Sexual Assertiveness. Results indicated that negative social reactions were indirectly associated with sexual assertiveness through posttraumatic cognitions. Social reactions were indirectly associated with PTSS partially through posttraumatic cognitions. Furthermore, there was a direct relationship between negative social reactions and PTSS. Positive social reactions were not significantly associated with outcome variables. Results highlight the influential nature of negative social reactions and posttraumatic cognitions. The importance of educating bystanders on the influence of social reactions is further discussed.
“Crossover” in Depressive Symptoms Among Older Couples: Are Previous Findings Artifactual?
Authors: Das Aniruddha
Published: September 2018

Objective: This study examined effects of a partner’s depressive symptoms on those of a focal respondent. Method: Data were from the 2008-through-2014 waves of the Health and Retirement Study. Linear growth modeling was used to distinguish within- from between-person variation, and genetic instrumental variables to take endogeneity into account. Results: A partner’s 2008 depressive symptoms had no associations with within-person change in those of a respondent between 2010 and 2014. Corresponding linkages with their between-person variation in 2010 were positive and significant for both genders. Among women, these last estimates remained intact in genetic instrumental variable models restricted to white couples. Discussion: Results indicate that contrary to previous literature, late life relationships are not marked by “crossover” of depressive symptoms. Women’s affect may, however, be influenced by such transmission in the relationship’s history. Beyond depression, findings suggest current theories of dyadic health effects may partly rest on flawed evidence.
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Frailty in a Community-Dwelling Population: The HELIAD Study
Authors: Ntanasi E. , Yannakoulia M. , Mourtzi N. , Vlachos G. S. , Kosmidis M. H. , Anastasiou C. A. , Dardiotis E. , Hadjigeorgiou G. , Megalou M. , Sakka P. , Scarmeas N.
Published: September 2018

Objective: To estimate the prevalence of frailty using five different instruments in a cohort of older adults and explore the association between frailty and various risk factors. Method: 1,867 participants aged 65 years and above were included in the current retrospective cross-sectional study. Frailty was operationalized according to the Fried definition, the FRAIL Scale, the Frailty Index (FI), the Tilburg Frailty Indicator (TFI), and the Groningen Frailty Index (GFI). We explored the role of various frailty risk factors using logistic regression analyses. Results: The prevalence of frailty varied depending on the definition used (Fried definition = 4.1%, FRAIL Scale = 1.5%, FI = 19.7%, TFI = 24.5%, and GFI = 30.2%). The only risk factors consistently associated with frailty irrespectively of definition were education and age. Conclusion: The frailty prevalence reported in our study is similar or lower to that reported in other population studies. Qualitative differences between frailty definitions were observed.
The Trouble With Types: A Partial Test of the Validity of Membership Association Content as a Proxy for Structure
Authors: Baggetta Matthew , Madsen Kimberly DeGroff
Published: September 2018

Research findings on what types of voluntary associations influence members’ political participation are inconsistent. We suggest the problem is the use of content-based types (e.g., political, service, leisure) as proxies for civic structures (e.g., member interaction, political talk) in organizations. Proxy measures assume structural consistency among organizations within content types. Is this assumption warranted? To investigate, we reorganize data from the American Citizen Participation Survey, using reports from individuals about the associations they joined to create a 5,371-case organization-level data set. We analyze variation in organizational structures within and between content types. We find that while types focused on partisan politics are somewhat consistent, most types are so internally varied that knowing the type gives little insight into any given organization’s structures. We offer suggestions for future data collection efforts that could capture better data on association content and structure.
“Yes It Is Phenomenological”: A Reply to Max Van Manen’s Critique of Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis
Authors: Smith Jonathan A.
Published: September 2018

In this article, I present a rebuttal of Max Van Manen’s critique of interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA). Unfortunately, Van Manen’s piece contains a series of misrepresentations of IPA and its history. Here, I answer these misrepresentations and present IPA as subscribing, and contributing, to a broad and holistic phenomenology concerned with both prereflective and reflective domains of lived experience. I contend that IPA has much to offer to our understanding of the experience of health and illness, where participants are spontaneously and actively engaged in making sense of the significant and unexpected things that happen to them.
Government Fragmentation, Administrative Capacity, and Public Goods: The Negative Consequences of Reform in Burkina Faso
Authors: Billing Trey
Published: September 2018

Although countries throughout the developing world continue to increase their number of subnational administrative units, the consequences of administrative unit creation remain poorly understood. This paper argues that newly created administrative units face relative difficulty generating resources and staffing a full and competent bureaucracy, and as a result, are less capable of providing public goods to their constituencies. These challenges to administrative capacity are less consequential within mother units that were carved apart to create new splinter units and are entirely absent in nonsplitting units. Proxying the local provision of public goods with a measure of nighttime light intensity in Burkina Faso, the findings indicate that the public goods provision in newly created splinter provinces dropped significantly relative to prefragmentation levels, while other administrative units remained largely unaffected.
Formal Volunteering in Europe: Evidence Across Nations and Time
Authors: Damian Elena
Published: September 2018

For the first time, this study examined both cross-sectional and longitudinal effects of contextual cultural and economic characteristics of individual formal volunteering. A study sample of 116,380 respondents from 33 countries and four waves from the European Values Study (1981-2008) was used. The hierarchical logistic models indicate that a long-standing theoretical idea regarding the positive relationship between contextual religiosity and formal volunteering is not supported by European data. Specifically, I found that people living in secular and economically equal countries are more likely to engage in voluntary activities. Longitudinally, there is a decrease in formal volunteering over 27 years; however, none of the cultural and economic country-level variables explain variation across time. These differential cross-sectional and longitudinal effects highlight the need to use repeated cross-sectional data.
Artificial Pancreas Systems for People With Type 2 Diabetes: Conception and Design of the European CLOSE Project
Authors: Schliess Freimut , Heise Tim , Benesch Carsten , Mianowska Beata , Stegbauer Constance , Broge Björn , Gillard Pieter , Binkley George , Crône Véronique , Carlier Sébastien , Delval Cécile , Petkov Anton , Beck Jan-Philipp , Lodwig Volker , Gurdala Mikolaj , Szecsenyi Joachim , Rosenmöller Magda , Cypryk Katarzyna , Mathieu Chantal , Renard Eric , Heinemann Lutz
Published: September 2018

In the last 10 years tremendous progress has been made in the development of artificial pancreas (AP) systems for people with type 1 diabetes (T1D). The pan-European consortium CLOSE (Automated Glu cose Contro l at H ome for People with Chronic Disea se) is aiming to develop integrated AP solutions (APplus) tailored to the needs of people with type 2 diabetes (T2D). APplus comprises a product and service package complementing the AP system by obligatory training as well as home visits and telemedical consultations on demand. Outcome predictors and performance indicators shall help to identify people who could benefit most from AP usage and facilitate the measurement of AP impact in diabetes care. In a first step CLOSE will establish a scalable APplus model case working at the interface between patients, homecare service providers, and payers in France. CLOSE will then scale up APplus by pursuing geographic distribution, targeting additional audiences, and enhancing AP functionalities and interconnectedness. By being part of the European Institute of Innovation and Technology (EIT) Health public-private partnership, CLOSE is committed to the EIT “knowledge triangle” pursuing the integrated advancement of technology, education, and business creation. Putting stakeholders, education, and impact into the center of APplus advancement is considered key for achieving wide AP use in T2D care.
An open-source software ecosystem for the interactive exploration of ultrafast electron scattering data
Authors: René de Cotret Laurent P. , Otto Martin R. , Stern Mark J. , Siwick Bradley J.
Published: September 2018

This paper details a software ecosystem comprising three free and open-source Python packages for processing raw ultrafast electron scattering (UES) data and interactively exploring the processed data. The first package, iris, is graphical user-interface program and library for interactive exploration of UES data. Under the hood, iris makes use of npstreams, an extensions of numpy to streaming array-processing, for high-throughput parallel data reduction. Finally, we present scikit-ued, a library of reusable routines and data structures for analysis of UES data, including specialized image processing algorithms, simulation routines, and crystal structure manipulation operations. In this paper, some of the features or all three packages are highlighted, such as parallel data reduction, image registration, interactive exploration. The packages are fully tested and documented and are released under permissive licenses.
Bedtime
Authors: Rawstrone Annette
Published: September 2018

Some steps for parents to follow to help children get the right amount of sleep and avoid problems around bedtime. By Annette Rawstrone
All about … Musical Development Matters
Authors: Burke Nicola
Published: September 2018

To mark the publication of new guidance document Musical Development Matters, its author Nicola Burke explains its content and what she hopes it will achieve
Single handed
Authors: Goddard Charlotte
Published: September 2018

How can early years settings support single fathers and make them feel included without being patronising? Charlotte Goddard investigates
5 ways to explore outdoors with… under-threes
Authors: Mountain Julie
Published: September 2018

Outdoors is the very best place for babies and toddlers to explore, learn how the body works and to develop its potential, explains Julie Mountain
Chewing it over
Authors: Goddard Charlotte
Published: September 2018

Amid concerns that the quality of school meals is falling, charity programmes and initiatives at some schools are beacons of excellent provision, finds Charlotte Goddard
In the know
Authors: Campbell-Barr Verity
Published: September 2018

What characteristics are required for those working in the early years? Verity Campbell-Barr sets out the findings of her research on the subject
Down to a T
Authors: Esmond Bill
Published: September 2018

What is the future of early years work placements under T-Levels? Bill Esmond, associate professor of learning and employment at the University of Derby and who is part of a team evaluating the T-Level placement pilots, reports
Work abroad
Authors: Russell Meredith Jones
Published: September 2018

We know that pay and prestige are a problem for early years staff in the UK, but how does the workforce fare in other countries? Meredith Jones Russell investigates
Paper round
Authors: Musgrave Jackie
Published: September 2018

Jackie Musgrave explains how using the Early Childhood Studies Degrees Network to submit papers can enhance students' professional development
On the cards
Authors: Bonetti Sara
Published: September 2018

What does the future have in store for the early years workforce if current trends continue? Sara Bonetti, associate director of early years at the Education Policy Institute, makes some exclusive predictions
Sixth forms hit by 21 per cent fall in spending since 2010
Authors: Henshaw Pete
Published: September 2018

Sixth form per-student spending has been hit the hardest, while schools as a whole are spending eight per cent less per-pupil
An overview of your safeguarding
Authors: Preston Sam
Published: September 2018

A big focus for schools this term will be ensuring proper implementation of the updated statutory safeguarding guidance. Sam Preston considers the new requirements and offers some practical advice
An effective response
Authors: Leong Domini
Published: September 2018

Tackling racism in schools is essential, especially in our current divisive political climate. Deputy headteacher Domini Leong explains the simple yet effective approach taken in her school
Supporting looked after children
Authors: Martindale Darren
Published: September 2018

Specific support for looked after children is essential if they are to thrive. Darren Martindale focuses on three key elements – the designated teacher, the Personal Education Plan, and the virtual school head
Analisis Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Penyebaran Penyakit Demam Berdarah Dengue (Dbd) di Provinsi Jawa Tengah dengan Metode Spatial Autoregressive Model dan Spatial Durbin Model
Authors: Taryono Arkadina Prismatika Noviandini , Ispriyanti Dwi , Prahutama Alan
Published: September 2018

Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever is one of the major public health problems in Indonesia. From year to year, DHF causes Extraordinary Event in most parts of Indonesia, especially Central Java. Central Java consists of 35 districts or cities where each region is close to each other. Spatial regression is an analysis that suspects the influence of independent variables on the dependent variables with the influences of the region inside. In spatial regression modeling, there are spatial autoregressive model (SAR), spatial error model (SEM) and spatial autoregressive moving average (SARMA). Spatial durbin model is the development of SAR where the dependent and independent variable have spatial influence. In this research dependent variable used is number of DHF sufferers. The independent variables observed are population density, number of hospitals, residents and health centers, and mean years of schooling. From the multiple regression model test, the variables that significantly affect the spread of DHF disease are the population and mean years of schooling. Moran’s I test results stated that there are spatial dependencies between dependent and independent variables. The best model produced is the SAR model because it has the smallest AIC value of 49.61
A Robust Regression by Using Huber Estimator and Tukey Bisquare Estimator for Predicting Availability of Corn in Karanganyar Regency, Indonesia
Authors: Pratiwi Hasih , Susanti Yuliana , Handajani Sri Sulistijowati
Published: September 2018

Linear least-squares estimates can behave badly when the error distribution is not normal, particularly when the errors are heavy-tailed. One remedy is to remove influential observations from the least-squares fit. Another approach, robust regression, is to use a fitting criterion that is not as vulnerable as least squares to unusual data. The most common general method of robust regression is M-estimation. This class of estimators can be regarded as a generalization of maximum-likelihood estimation. In this paper we discuss robust regression model for corn production by using two popular estimators; i.e. Huber estimator and Tukey bisquare estimator.
Keywords : robust regression, M-estimation, Huber estimator, Tukey bisquare estimator
Exploring child poverty and inequality in post-apartheid South Africa: a multidimensional perspective
Authors: Omotoso Kehinde Oluwaseun , Koch Steven F.
Published: September 2018

This paper develops child-specific multidimensional poverty measures employing data from General Household Surveys (GHSs) of 2002 and 2014, and uses the measures to assess change in child poverty over time. The measures presented draw on the Alkire-Foster methodology. However, it was adapted to include dimensions and indicators, which reflect the unique experiences of children aged 0–17 years, in post-apartheid South Africa. The results indicate a reduction in child poverty over time, from 0.150 in 2002 to 0.090 in 2014. However, the proportion of children who are deprived in at least one-third of some of the weighted indicators, in both time periods, remains high.
THE GENUS SIGANUS IN THE COLLECTION OF THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF OCEANOLOGY (SIGANIDAE)
Authors: Burhanuddin - , Martosewojo Sularto , Hutomo Malikusworo , Djamali Asikin
Published: September 2018

Ten species of the genus Siganus namely Siganus vulpinus, S. corallinus, S. spinus, S. oramin, S. javus, S. virgatus, S. puellus, S. chrysospilos, S. vermiculatus, and S. guttatus are available in the collection of the Lembaga Oseanologi Nasional (LON = National Institute of Oceanology). The description of each of these species is presented.
SEASONAL FEATURE OF THE HYDROLOGY OF THE BALI STRAIT
Authors: Ilahude Abdul Gani
Published: September 2018

Using the data in the file of the Lembaga Oseanologi Nasional (LON = National Institute of Oceanology), Jakarta, it is shown that the hydrological features at the surface of the Bali Strait are closely related to the meteorological factors of the region. Furthermore, based on the data obtained from the four oceanographical cruises organized by LON in the strait, the features at subsurface layer are analyzed. The influence of the current system south of Java and the upwelling associated with it are also discussed.
DISTRIBUTION AND ABUNDANCE OF MAJOR ZOOPLANKTON GROUPS IN AMBON BAY (MALUKU, INDONESIA) DURING A SALP SWARMING, WITH NOTES ON CHAETOGNATHA AND PTEROPODA SPECIES
Authors: Troost Dick G. , Sutomo A. B. , Wenno L. F.
Published: September 2018

Eight zooplankton samples from several stations along a line from the inner to the outermost part of Ambon Bay were studied. In the samples from the Inner Bay, the salp Thalia sibogae SOEST outnumbers all other groups. The competition for food is responsible for relatively low numbers of these groups. At the Outer Bay stations the Copepoda is by far the most abundant group.TGraphs indicating the numbers of specimens per m3 of each of the seventeen groups are given for three groups of stations, of which the central one appeared to be the richest.The Chaetognatha, Pteropoda, and oblong fish eggs were identified. Oxygen and reactive phosphorus are presumed to be more connected with differences in planktonic life in Ambon Bay than temperature and salinity.Because of the importance of the live-bait fishery, and the threat of increasing pollution, a call in made for more extensive surveys.
ESTUARINE MANAGEMENT AREAS: A PRIORITY RANKING SYSTEM
Authors: Olsen H. F.
Published: September 2018

The Queensland Fisheries Service is the instrumentality responsible for administration of fisheries matters within Queensland, Australia. The Fisheries Act provides legislation to protect, conserve, manage and develop the aquatic resources of the State. As a means of evaluating resource data a priority ranking system is proposed which provides for both quantitative and qualitative assessments of estuaries in terms of regional planning for best land use.
MARINE MANAGEMENT AND THE SITING OF ELECTRICAL GENERATING STATIONS ON TROPICAL SHORELINES
Authors: Coles Stephen L.
Published: September 2018

Expanding utilization of electricity by developing tropical nations will produce increasing amounts of waste heat that will, in most cases, be disposed into natural water systems. Such disposal represents a serious potential marine management problem for nations which intensively utilize the nearshore marine environment in their subsistence economy. This communication reviews the marine environmental effects resulting from thermal disposal at three generating stations on the Island of Oahu, Hawaii and compares these with results of similar studies made elsewhere in the tropics and subtropics. Conclusions are drawn from these studies concerning desirable environmental features to be considered for thermal outfalls in tropical areas, and some environmental consequences of alternative methods of cooling water treatment are discussed.
THE LEIOGNATHUS (TELEOSTEI): THEIR SPECIES, STOCKS, AND FISHERIES IN INDONESIA, WITH NOTES OF THE BIOLOGY OF LEIOGNATHUS SPLENDENS (CUVIER)
Authors: Pauly Daniel
Published: September 2018

Species of the family Leiognathidac in the Indo-Pacific area are often considered trash fish but are readily accepted in Indonesia, where about 50,000 tons were landed in 1975, 14,000 tons of which originated from the Malacca Strait area. The Western Jawa Sea, Karimata Strait and Indonesia's South China Sea stocks are underfished or, partially, even virgin and production from these stocks might be more than 100,000 tons a year. The leiognathid stocks, having their highest stock densities in very shallow waters (peak at 25 m depth) are easily overfished by trawling, while the bagan (lift-nets) tend to underfish them. In East Jawa, there is an annual periodicity in the fishery which is correlated with the rainfall, the peak landings being from December through March, while landings are lowest from July to September. Leiognathus splendens (CUVIER) makes up most of the leiognathid stock (90% and more). The main feature of the biology of this species — growth, reproduction and food are briefly discussed. A short selected bibliography of the Leiognathidae is given.
MANGROVES FOR NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT AND CONSERVATION IN INDONESIA: CHALLENGES FOR THE FUTURE
Authors: Sukardjo Sukristijono
Published: September 2018

Indonesia's mangrove resources (soils and waters, flora and fauna, and as an ecosystem all are called as mangrove biodiversity) are growing in importance. As a consequence of past and present human utilization the mangrove resources have been depleted. Keen competition for use of the mangrove resources is apparent and is likely to intensify in the future. This policy document stresses the importance of mangroves for the Nation and the need for the Government to manage and protect them. A set of basic principles for the management and protection of mangroves is provided, together with an outline of some actions which local and central governments (Pemerintah Pusat dan Daerah) should take up in order to achieve a balance between the use of mangrove resources, their conservation and long term national development.
DISSOLVED AND PARTICULATE CARBON IN JAKARTA BAY, INDONESIA
Authors: Nugrahadi Mochamad Saleh , Yanagi Tetsuo , Tejakusuma I. G. , Adi Seno , Darmawan Rahmania A.
Published: September 2018

In order to investigate spatial and temporal variability of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and particulate organic carbon (POC), several samples were collected from five estuaries, inner part and outer part of Jakarta Bay. The samples were collected on 15 and 16 February 2007, a week after heavy flood in Jakarta Area, and on 16 May 2007. DOC concentration in February and May in Jakarta Bay ranged between 100-950 µg-C/l and between 0-850 µg-C/l respectively. POC concentrations ranged between 50-650 µg-C /l and 50-900 µg-C /1 in February and May 2007, respectively. Even though the concentrations between both periods were similar, the load of organic carbon from the land to Jakarta Bay showed a large contrast due to the different amount of freshwater input. The Total organic carbon fluxes from the rivers to the bay in February and May 2007 were 107.6 t d-' C-(ton per day Carbon) and 42.7 t d-1 C, respectively.