bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of a Novel Diabetes Prevention Intervention for Early Slow Weight Loss Responders Among Adults With Prediabetes: An Adaptive Trial
Authors: Miller Carla K. , Nagaraja Haikady N. , Cheavens Jennifer , Fujita Kentaro , Lazarus Sophie
Published: August 2022

OBJECTIVE

Some people are slower to respond during lifestyle interventions. An adaptive “rescue” intervention may improve outcomes among slow responders. The impact of a worksite rescue intervention for early slow responders was evaluated.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

Employees ≥21 years old with prediabetes were stratified to intervention using a 2.5% weight loss (%WL) threshold at week 5. Outcomes were assessed at baseline and at 4 months using mixed-effect and linear regression models.

RESULTS

Significant improvement occurred in mean %WL, glycemia, total cholesterol, and triglycerides in the standard compared with the adaptive (Group Lifestyle Balance Plus [GLB+]) intervention (all P≤ 0.01). However, GLB+ participants also experienced a significant reduction in %WL and glycemia (all P < 0.01). The %WL at week 5 significantly predicted %WL at 4 months (P < 0.0001). The between-group difference of 4-month %WL was not significant for someone achieving 2.5%WL at week 5.

CONCLUSIONS

Diabetes prevention programs should consider weight loss success following 1 month of treatment and offer a rescue intervention to early slow weight loss responders.
A diabetes genetic risk score is associated with all cause dementia and clinically diagnosed vascular dementia in the Million Veteran Program
Authors: Litkowski Elizabeth M , Logue Mark W. , Zhang Rui , Charest Brian R , Lange Ethan M. , Hokanson John E. , Lynch Julie A. , Vujkovic Marijana , Phillips Lawrence S , Lange Leslie A. , Hauger Richard L. , Raghavan Sridharan , (MVP) the VA Million Veteran Program
Published: August 2022

  

Objective: Diabetes and dementia are diseases of high healthcare burden worldwide, and studies have shown that diabetes is associated with increased relative risk of dementia. We set out to examine whether type 2 diabetes-associated genetic variants were associated with dementia and if they differed by race/ethnicity or clinical dementia diagnosis.

Research Design and Methods: We evaluated associations of two type 2 diabetes genetic risk scores (GRS and GRS-NonAPOE: a score without rs429358, a variant associated with Alzheimer’s disease [AD]) with three classifications of clinical dementia diagnoses in the Million Veteran Program (MVP): all-cause-dementia, vascular dementia (VaD), and AD. We conducted our analysis stratified by European (EUR), African (AFR), and Hispanic (HIS) race/ethnicities. Results: In EUR, we found associations of the GRS with all-cause-dementia (OR = 1.06, P = 1.60e-07), and clinically diagnosed VaD (OR = 1.12, P = 5.2e-05) but not clinically diagnosed AD (OR = 1.02, P = .43). The GRS was not associated with any dementia outcome in AFR or HIS. When testing with GRS-NonAPOE, we found that effect size estimates in EUR increased and P values decreased (for all-cause-dementia OR = 1.08, P = 2.6e-12; for VaD OR = 1.14, P = 7.2e-07and for AD OR = 1.06, P = .018). For AFR, the association of GRS-NonAPOE and clinically diagnosed VaD (OR = 1.15, P = .016) was statistically significant.  There were no significant findings for HIS. Conclusions: We found evidence suggesting shared genetic pathogenesis of diabetes with all-cause-dementia and clinically diagnosed VaD. 
Strange encounters in times of distancing: Sustaining dialogue through integrating language and dance in primary education
Authors: Korpinen Kaisa , Anttila Eeva
Published: August 2022

This article focuses on experiences of resuming contact instruction in a project that integrated language and dance in a Finnish primary school during the COVID-19 pandemic. The article aims to explore how it is possible to sustain dialogue in times of distancing. It turns these exceptional, messy conditions into an opportunity to reconfigure the practice of embodied language learning. Through performative writing, the article weaves together the experiences and observations of the first author, a dance teacher, and two school teachers, and presents their reflections of embodied pedagogical practice in a transformed school reality. The narrative focuses on events and encounters that deviated from customary classroom situations, and the challenges, difficulties, and possibilities that emerged in seeking to explore pedagogical practices that made it possible to sustain dialogue. The authors argue that dance and language integration was able to support dialogue in early language education even when touching was not possible, materials not available, and distancing changed normal practices. It engaged both pupils and teachers in exploring new ways of communicating and co-existing in strange, more-than-human relations. The authors conclude that integrating language and dance offers a pedagogical tool for sustaining dialogue in a complex and continuously changing world.
Hyperglycaemia, Dyslipidaemia and Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: HRRao Gundu
Published: August 2022

Diabetes is a chronic, complex disease of lifestyle, known to mankind for thousands of years. It is a metabolic disease in which, elevated blood glucose ultimately leads to various clinical complications including, retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy, a variety of vascular diseases and, end organ failure. According to the experts, high blood sugar is just a symptom and not the cause for the disease. Major cause for this disease is, impaired insulin production, or insulin insensitivity. Diabetes is supposed to usually begin with insulin resistance, a condition in which, muscle, liver and fat cells do not use insulin efficiently. Sedentary nature, diet and excess weight, seem to contribute significantly to the development of diabetes. A quick Internet search on diabetes management reveals that by and large clinicians focus on fasting glucose, glucose intolerance, postprandial glucose peaks, or glycosylated haemoglobin (HBA1c) levels. Experts are of the opinion, that there is no cure for the diabetes, but it can be managed and controlled. The guidelines and guidance statements from professional societies, also emphasize heavily on the management of blood glucose levels and suggest that these levels be kept at as near to normal levels as possible, by balancing food intake and medication.In this short overview, we will discuss some salient features related to chronic complications of diabetes and express our point of view, on the two major players, hyperglycaemic load and dyslipidaemia, that contribute significantly to the chronic complications associated with diabetes.
Changes in Carotid Intimal Medial Thickness (CIMT) with Glycaemic Control in Patients of T2DM
Authors: Sud Sanjay
Published: August 2022

Introduction: A real world long term (10 years) retrospective non-randomized observational study to monitor changes in CIMT of T2DM patients who achieved the target glycaemic goal of HbA1c ≤ 7%, with those who did not achieve it. CIMT is a marker of subclinical atherosclerosis associated with CVD risk factors. Hence any progression or regression of CIMT could be considered as increased or decreased risk of CVD as the case might be. This study was to ascertain if (keeping all other risk factors under control and at par in each group) a good glycaemic control could lead to a lower CIMT – leading to a lowering of CVD risk. Material & Methods: The inclusion criteria was  Non – pregnant Adults (Age >18 years)  T2DM with HbA1c ≥ 8% at recruitment  Those who remained normotensive (B.P. ≤130/80 mm of Hg)  Those who maintained a normal Lipid profile  Those who had eGFR ≥ 60mL /min/1.73m2(CKD-EPI)  CIMT measurements done at recruitment and then once every year  No requirement for hospitalization for any reason throughout the entire 10 year duration  The total number of patients who completed the follow up for the full ten years was 62. CIMT of the CCAs were scanned with 7-10 MHz linear probe transducer under real time B mode imaging. The patients included in the study were divided into (Group A n = 32 and Group B n = 30). Group A were those who could achieve the glycaemic target of HbA1c ≤ 7% by the end of the first year and were able to maintain the target for the major duration of the study.Group B were those who did not achieve the glycaemic target of HbA1c ≤ 7% by the end of the first year of the study and had an average HbA1c of ≥ 7.5% for the major duration of the study Results: The data at the end of ten year follow up showed that patients fromGroup A had a mean CIMT of 0.79 mm at baseline and at the end of the study it was 0.75 mm Group B had a mean CIMT of 0.81 mm at baseline at baseline and at the end of study period was 1.17 mm. A good glycaemic control can reduce the burden of CVD as an independent entity.
Drug-Herb Interaction between Metformin and Momordica Charantia in Diabetic Mice
Authors: Pramesthi Asri Dwi Endah Dewi
Published: August 2022

Bitter gourd has various metabolites, such as momordicosides, polypeptide-P, v-insulin, charantin, and vicine that have antidiabetic effect. It has synergistically effect while combined with oral diabetic drugs, such as Metformin as glucose lowering agent. The aim of this study is to investigate the interaction of bitter gourd fruit juice and metformin as glucose lowering agent in mice. Alloxan-induced diabetic mice were treated with bitter gourd fruit juice, metformin, and the combination of those two for 21 days. Glucose level was checked on first and last day of treatment. Furthermore, blood glucose levels measurement shows no significant difference between groups compared with negative control, which is p>0.05. The stomach of groups that treated with metformin compared to bitter gourd fruit juice histopathologically shows no significant differences. The use of bitter gourd once daily together with metformin is a better choice, while twice daily might induce hypoglycemia and mice death. There is no interaction between them on lowering blood glucose.
Effect of Liraglutide on Weight Reduction in Euthyroid, Non Diabetic Obese Patients
Authors: Kashiva Reema Tandale
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Liraglutide is an effective drug for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Liraglutide 3 mg is approved for obesity. We assessed the effect of liraglutide on body weight and tolerability in obese individuals with lesser dose. Objective: To evaluate the effect of the liraglutide on weight loss in overweight and obese Indian patients. Material and methods: Data was collected from 15 patients over 12 month duration from case record section retrospectively. Patient’s weight and dose of liraglutide were studied. Result: Mean weight at baseline was 101.68 kg, minimum dose of liraglutide at the beginning was 0.3 mg .The mean change in body weight after 1 year was 13.39 kg and maximum dose of liraglutide was 2.4 mg. The most common side effect was nausea. Conclusion: Liraglutide treatment, at a much lower dose than 3 mg daily, significantly improves weight loss in obese non diabetic Indian subjects.
Measurement of Liver Size by Ultrasound Unveils Large Livers in Overweight Children
Authors: Quintana Fernando G
Published: August 2022

Purpose: To analyze the relationship between Body Mass Index (BMI) percentile and liver size and to predict the probabilities of fatty liver and hepatomegaly for overweight and obese boys and girls among Mexican-American children. Methods: One thousand two hundred fourteen reports of children visiting a South Texas pediatric clinic from 2011 to 2018 were analyzed. Ultrasonography was requested for patients whenever the patient was gaining excessive weight and the readings for alkaline phosphatase levels were 2 SD above the normal population; or when liver enzymes were elevated, Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) above 50/46, Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) above 47/41, and Gammaglutamyl transferase (GGT) above 32/28 for boys and girls respectively. The data was analyzed using linear regression and logistic regression models. Results: The results of the analysis support that the probability of fatty liver and hepatomegaly increase exponentially as BMI percentile increases. There is also a positive linear relationship between liver size and BMI percentile. Conclusion: The logistic regression analysis predicts that as BMI percentile increases the probability of fatty liver and hepatomegaly increases.
Diabetes, Obesity and its Root Causes: A Latino Perspective
Authors: Clarke Camille
Published: August 2022

Background Health education programs created to reduce diabetes risk emphasize weight loss but results among immigrant Latinos have at best been mixed. Community health workers (CHWs) are familiar with their communities and have experience implementing diabetes interventions emphasizing weight loss, making them an ideal resource. Purpose The purpose of this study is to explore CHWs' views on barriers to weight loss among immigrant Latinos, a major contributing factor to diabetes. Methods Two focus group discussions were conducted with 15 Latino CHWs using a semistructured guide. A grounded theory approach by Charmaz, informed by the Health Belief Model guided the questions. Results Five themes emerged from the perceptions of the Latino CHWs: (1) Obesity can be the result of lifestyle-related behaviors, (2) Latino culture unknowingly promotes obesogenic behaviors, (3) There is a lack of practical knowledge regarding healthy food options, (4) Family dynamics can hinder weight loss attempts, and (5) The routine demands of daily life serve as barriers to healthy behaviors. Conclusions Despite Latinos' awareness of the role lifestyle plays in obesity, cultural values, family relationships, and immigration factors remain as strong contributors. Culturally sensitive and adapted programming is needed to help address obesity and diabetes among this population.
Human Obesity: A Noxious Sequel of Inverse Intents of Ligands and Receptors
Authors: Chandra Nimai Chand
Published: August 2022

Diabetes and cardiovascular disease are the two most common deleterious side effects in the first line complications of chronic human obesity. Hyperleptinemia, hyperinsulinemia and hypercholesterolemia are the reported proximal outbreaks in progressive human obesity. Leptin, insulin and LDL remain interacted through their cognate receptors. A phase matched comparison has been conducted in present study between expressions of cognate receptors and plasma profile of their respective ligands in three human male groups viz. normal (18.5< BMI < 25), obese (25< BMI <40) and morbid obese (BMI > 40). Our study shows a declined leptin receptor concentration on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) with a meagre change in its soluble counterpart (sOR/ OB-Re) in blood circulation, averring the outbreak of hyperleptinemia with obesity. Simultaneously, a cumulative decline of concentrations of LDL receptor (LDLR) and insulin receptor (IR) in PBMC are the reasons behind hypercholesterolemia and hyperinsulinemia cum insulin resistance in human obesity.
Nutritional Management of Diabetes
Authors: Rashid Malik Usman
Published: August 2022

Diabetes mellitus is a multifaceted unending disease and is a key source of death worldwide. It is responsible for more than a million amputations every year. It is anticipated that 400 million people worldwide will suffer from diabetes by 2030. The likelihood of developing diabetes depends upon a blend of genetic factors, obesity, living style and environmental factors. There are two major types of diabetes, insulin dependent and insulin independent. Diabetes is diagnosed on the basis of blood glucose levels. A fasting blood sugar level between 100 mg/dl and 125 mg/dl indicates the condition of pre-diabetes and level greater than 125 mg/dl is an indication of diabetes. A healthy eating pattern, regular physical activity, nutritional and drug therapy are the key components of diabetes management. Diabetes Mellitus is directly related to carbohydrate, lipid and protein metabolism. Therefore, the nutrition therapy plays an integral part in diabetes management. Nutritional therapy is suggested for the entire people with Type I and Type II diabetes as effective component of the treatment plan. The foremost aim of the nutritional therapy is to improve overall health principally by attaining individualized glycemic, blood pressure and lipid levels. Foods having a high glycemic index will produce a more increase in blood glucose and will lead to a faster progression to Type I diabetes. Ranges of eating patterns (combinations of different foods and food groups) are suitable for the nutritional management of diabetes. For good health, vegetables, whole grains, fruits, legumes and dairy products are considered a good source of carbohydrates intake as compared to intake from other carbohydrate sources. Naturally occurring fructose in foods such as fruits may result in better glycemic control. Protein intake has no significant effect on glycemic control and there is no ideal amount of protein intake. Furthermore, there is no clear confirmation of benefit from vitamin or mineral supplementation in people with diabetes. However, the use of omega-3 fatty acids (EPA, DHA and ALA) is highly recommended for individuals with diabetes and protects against the development of Type I diabetes. Also, the higher levels of zinc in drinking water may have protective effects against Type 1 diabetes
Family History of Diabetes Alters the Acute Response to Resistance and Combined Training
Authors: Ribeiro Jonathan Nícolas dos Santos
Published: August 2022

Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) has an autosomal genetic transmission pattern and can be hereditary. In this type, glucose transporter genes and insulin secretion may contribute to the genetic of the disease. The objective of the study was verify the effects of a single session of resistance and combined training on hemodynamic and metabolic parameters of individuals children diabetics (CDI). Sixteen subjects were selected. The variables of heart rate, blood pressure and capillary glucose (CG) were evaluated. Exercise sessions were divided into two groups - the Resistance Training (RT) group and the Combined Training (CT) group. Both trainings were composed of three phases: warming up, main phase and cooling down. The RT in its main phase was composed of eight resistance exercises and the CT was composed of 20 minutes of aerobic training and the RT protocol. Wilcoxon test and Kruskal-Wallis test was used, adopting p ≤ 0.05. In intragroup analysis, CDI showed significant reduction in systolic blood pressure (SBP) (125.0±10.0 mmHg vs 110.5±15.9 mmHg p=0.01), diastolic blood pressure (81.5±6.4 mmHg vs 71.2±10.4 mmHg, p=0.007), and (CG) (102.8±16.1 mg/dl vs 92.5±10.9 mg/dL p=0.02) in RT. In the intergroup analysis, CDI showed better results in SBP variables (114.75±11.5 mmHg vs 103.75±9.92 mmHg, p=0.01) and CG (93.8±8.02 mg/dL vs 87.0± 4.97 mg/dL p=0.03) in CT. CDI showed positive results after both trainings. However, they may be at risk of further developing T2DM according to pre-exercise CG.
A Study on the Association of Age, Gender and ACE I/D Polymorphism with Cardiovascular Risk Factors (CRFs) among Urban Population of Chandigarh, India
Authors: Purkait Pulakes
Published: August 2022

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are multifactorial and predisposed by several risk factors. CVDs prevalence is attributed to cardiovascular risk factors (CRFs) such as hypertension, obesity, diabetes, ageing, gender and genetics. The specificity of CRFs to the habitat and lifestyle modification has differential CVDs outcomes. In the present cross-sectional study, we aimed at finding the prevalence of CRFs in an urban population. We also assessed the role of ACE I/D polymorphism, age and gender in CRFs susceptibility. Forty-four adult subjects, permanent residents of Chandigarh, India, were recruited in the present study. Anthropometric, physiological and demographic data were collected and analyzed. More than half of the subjects were having obesity and high blood pressure. Hyperglycemia was present in 43.9% of the subjects. Among ACE I/D genotypes, DD (45.5%) was followed by II (31.8%) and ID (22.7%), with a significant deviation from Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium. The high trends of CRFs depict that cardiovascular disease risk is very high in the present population of Chandigarh, India. The age might be one factor for this surge as subjects >45 years displayed enhancement in combined CRFs. Urbanization might be another possible reason for CRFs surge. Gender and ACE I/D polymorphism was not associated with CRFs in the present study. Though their trend exhibited a possible association, the ACE DD genotype has the lowest frequency among combined CRFs and females have a high frequency of CRFs. The most critical point of this study is the alarming/exponential increase in CRFs in Chandigarh. A study with bigger sample size is warranted regarding CRFs to identify the reasons for their surge in Chandigarh, India.
The New Concept of making the Excellent Result in Mastopexy
Authors: Khomgongsuwan Opas
Published: August 2022

Background: Breast ptosis is one of the more common issues seen in cosmetic surgeons’ offices, particularly those performing a significant amount of aesthetic breast surgery. Patients with ptosis generally desire the same result – youthful and “perky” breasts. However, due to wide variations in breast volume and tissue quality, ultimate results vary with each patient, and as a result, preoperative management of expectations is critical. There are many surgical options that can be customized to patients’ needs, but these generally address repositioning of the glandular tissue and nipple areolar complex and management of skin excess. Scar patterns include circumareolar, circumvertical (including J or L scar variations), and inverted-T patterns. If author’s new concept can eliminate the remaining skin excess that occur from approximately preoperative markings of traditional mastopexy and can decrease the scar pattern (J or L scar variations and inverted-T patterns), they are interesting to bring an alternative to reduce complications and more satisfactory results. Objective: Author study the new concept of surgical techniques of mastopexy in severe ptotic breasts. The new concept is the changing steps of procedure that performs repositioning and reshaping of the glandular tissue and repositioning of nipple areolar complex before, follow by design and excise the excess skin flaps. Surgical result, main complications and patient satisfaction are evaluated. Methods: The study has performed in 11 patients who have severe ptotic breasts with author’s techniques of mastopexy since July 2017 to march 2018. The techniques including repositioning and reshaping of the glandular tissue and repositioning of nipple areolar complex, skin flaps are designed and excised accurately. Postoperative care makes as standard protocols. Results: Of 11 patients who underwent mastopexy with author’s techniques, all patients have symmetric, only short vertical scar and beautifully shaped breasts and 2 patients have superficial necrosis of skin which at junction of inferior edge of areola and vertical incision, both sides and right side respectively. Three breasts which have superficial skin necrosis, manage include death tissue was removed, dress wet wound every day and make delay primary wound closure in some areas. Nipple sensation is usually normal. Some patients have decrease sensation and fully recover within three months. Conclusion: Author’s surgical techniques change steps of standard mastopexy, as new concept for severe ptotic breast. Repositioning and reshaping of glandular tissue and repositioning of nipple areolar complex firstly, these will help surgeon design and excise the excess skin flaps more accurately. But surgeons do not over excise skin flap to prevent skin necrosis especially junction area. Accordingly, author’s technique can decrease frequent complications of mastopexy including asymmetry, improper of flap excision and undesired J or L, inverted T scar.
An Overlooked Diagnosis: Orbital Emphysema
Authors: Ural Alper
Published: August 2022

This case report aims to describe a usually overlooked diagnosis of orbital emphysema in a 29-year- old female patient with progressive palpebral edema, crepitus and restriction in the visual field. Orbital Emphysema is a condition that clinicians must be aware of since severe cases may even lead to blindness.
Comprehensive Surgical Treatment of Breast Cancer by Minimally Invasive Surgery
Authors: Vila Garcia Eyleen
Published: August 2022

Introduction: The skin and nipple sparing mastectomy is a technique currently on the rise. It arises for the treatment of benign breast lesions; but with the high worldwide incidence of breast cancer, it is used in risk-reducing surgery and breast cancer. In this perspective, numerous technical modifications are described for the minimally invasive surgical approach through low visibility accesses in breast cancer surgery. Objective: To present a technical modification for the Skin-Sparing Modified Radical Mastectomy with preservation of the nipple areola complex and immediate reconstruction with implants by Minimally Invasive Surgery. Methods: We present three patients with left breast cancer operated on for Skin-Sparing Left Modified Radical Mastectomy with preservation of the nipple areola complex and immediate reconstruction with placement of retropectoral implants by minimally invasive surgery through a single periareolar incision. Results: Skin-Sparing Left Modified Radical Mastectomy was performed with preservation of the nipple areola complex and immediate reconstruction with retropectoral prosthesis by minimally invasive surgery in three patients. The evolution was favorable, with good clinical and aesthetic results, without complications and with a high degree of satisfaction according to the international Breast Q scale. Conclusion: Minimally invasive surgery with single periareolar access is safe and effective for Skin-Sparing Radical Mastectomy with preservation of the nipple areola complex, as well as the axilla approach and immediate reconstruction with the placement of retropectoral breast implants.
Post-Liver Transplantation Diabetes Mellitus: Concise Literature Review and Own Experience
Authors: Kostadinov Radoslav
Published: August 2022

The collective accomplishments of the liver transplant community have resulted in satisfactory 5- and 10-year patient and graft survival. Within the increasing cohort of transplant recipients, metabolic complications are becoming a main reason for non-graft related mortality. Post-liver transplantation diabetes mellitus (PLTDM) is a well-documented disorder, adversely affecting recipient survival, a main risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and CVD-related mortality. The incidence of PLTDM varies between 9-63%. Calcineurin inhibitors (CINs) and corticosteroids are the principal mediators in the pathogenesis of this disease. We performed a brief review of the literature and retrospectively analyzed our own experience. For immunosuppression we use standard protocol of corticosteroids, tacrolimus and mycophenolate mofetil. The frequency of PLTDM in our series is 20%. We did not find a connection between recipient age, BMI, lipid status, underlying liver disease or acute rejection episode with the development of sustained PLTDM.
POLA PEMBELAJARAN GURU PADA MASA PANDEMI CORONA (COVID-19) SD NEGERI KRAMAT 3 KECAMATAN DEMPET KABUPATEN DEMAK
Authors: Fata Zaenal , Su’ad Su’ad , Murtono Murtono
Published: August 2022

The purpose of this study was to describe the learning patterns of teachers during the Coronavirus pandemic (Covid 19) and the supporting and inhibiting factors in SD Negeri Kramat 3, Dempet District, Demak Regency. The method used by researchers in compiling this research is descriptive qualitative method. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of this study are as follows: 1) Teacher learning patterns during the corona pandemic (COVID-19) at SD Negeri Kramat 3, Dempet District, Demak Regency include a) Learning planning (Syllabus and RPP), b) Implementation of learning using WhatsApp, Zoom , and Email, c) Evaluation of learning is done by giving test questions. Test questions are sent to the WhatsApp group and completed by students at the specified time. 2) Supporting factors in the implementation of teacher learning during the corona pandemic (COVID-19) at SD Negeri Kramat 3, Dempet District, Demak Regency are a) Support of the principal, parents of students, and school committee, b) Awareness of all parties, C) Adequate learning devices be it internet networks, computer devices. 3) Inhibiting factors in the implementation of teacher learning during the corona pandemic (COVID-19) at SD Negeri Kramat 3, Dempet District, Demak Regency a) teacher unpreparedness in online learning, b) student unpreparedness in online learning, c) online learning tools that are not maximum, d) limited time and learning control.
MAKNA KAFIR DALAM TAFSIR MUHAMMADIYAH: STUDI ANALISIS KOMPARATIF
Authors: Ahmad Nurrohim , Fikri R An-Najmi
Published: August 2022

The controversy of kafir term for non-Muslims was debated in 2019. The debate originated from Nahdlatul Ulama National Conference that discussed kafir term is considered to contain theological violence (insult). The kafir interpretation raises various perspectives and views from Islamic institutions as Muhammadiyah. As a moderate Islamic organization in Indonesia, Muhammadiyah has its own interpretation to explain kafir in the Al-Qur'an. The institutional interpretation books written by Muhammadiyah collectively include Tafsir Al-Qoer'an Djoez ke Satoe and Tafsir At-Tanwir. This study aims to compare the meaning of kafir in the two Muhammadiyah interpretations. The data were collected using the documentary method and analyzed using the comparative analysis method. The results showed that the interpretation of the word kafir in the Muhammadiyah institutional interpretation books experienced a positive expansion from the theological meaning to the linguistic meaning.
THE LAW OF NASAB FOR CHILDREN BORN OUTSIDE OF LEGAL MARRIAGE ACCORDING TO IMAM IBN QAYYIM AL-JAUZIYYAH حكم نسب الولد في نكاح الحامل من الزنا غير محصن عند الإمام ابن قيم الجوزية
Authors: Ridlo Muhammad Rosyid , Rosyadi Imron , Muthoifin Muthoifin
Published: August 2022

In this day and age there is a lot of adultery, especially among young people, we often hear news around us or on social media, that a man has committed adultery with a woman who is not his makhram then the woman is pregnant with the man and they both have no marriage relationship with someone else or both were still single, then they both got married to cover their disgrace. It is not uncommon to hear news of a man having an illicit relationship with a woman who is not his wife and even getting pregnant from the illicit relationship while they already have a legal marriage relationship with their respective partners. So there is a polemic among the people about the law of the lineage of the child, can his lineage be attributed to his biological father while he was born outside a legal marriage relationship?  الملخص: قد يزني رجل بامرأة مطاوعة له، وقد يغتصبها فتحمل من الزنا، ويقام عليه أو عليهما حد الزاني غير المحصن، وقد يزني رجل بامرأة فيستر الله عليهما، وتحمل المرأة من الزنا، فيتزوجها الزاني بها حال حملها منه على القول بجواز هذا النكاح وصحته، وقد يتزوجها بعد ولادتها، فإذا استلحق هذا الولد الذي خلق من مائه الحرام فهل يلحق به كما يلحق به ولده من النكاح، فينسب إليه
Subacute Combined Degeneration of Spinal Cord - The Only Manifestation in an Otherwise “Normal” Vitamin B12 Deficient Patient
Authors: Raval, MD Dr Darshankumar Manubhai , Trivedi Nritya Brijesh , Trivedi Shraddha , Vaghasiya Yash , Parida Aditi
Published: August 2022

Sub-acute combined degeneration (SACD) is a myelopathy associated with vitamin B12 deficiency. Vitamin B12 deficiency may be asymptomatic or present with neurological and/or hematological features - neurological features such as myelopathy, neuropathy, dementia/neuropsychiatric abnormalities and rarely optic atrophy commonly presenting at a later stage than hematological changes. We present a case of a 15-year-old female who presented with ataxia, paresthesia and learning disability but no clinical symptoms or hematological evidence suggesting vitamin B12 deficiency. Our case report highlights the importance of early diagnosis and prompt treatment of vitamin B12 deficiency in a patient having only SACD as the disease’s manifestation.
Development of Tuberculosis Treatment Room in Humid Tropical Climate
Authors: Papendang Wisdom Sandjaya , Yudhatama Samuel
Published: August 2022

Developing countries with a humid tropical climate, such as Indonesia, still have a severe problem with Tuberculosis (TB). Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) mainly causes TB and is transmitted through droplets released by active TB patients into the air that progress faster in humid tropical climates. Health workers are at high risk of contracting TB bacteria from TB patients because nosocomial infections (healthcare-associated infections) categorize as TB. Public Health Centers usually provide generic rooms but are not explicitly designed to minimize TB infections. The Indonesian government does not offer a TB treatment room design, so this research developed a Tuberculosis Treatment Room (TBTR) prototype using a computational fluid dynamics simulation. The TBTR prototype was split into medicine and sputum room. The simulation showed that the TBTR's air change per hour was between 77 and 94, far above the minimum standard of 12. In addition, TBTR showed indoor air 80cm above the floor flowed upward and out through the ceilings, while indoor air below 40cm above the floor flowed through lower openings. Those ventilation mechanisms expelled the indoor bacteria out and minimized infection
Eﬀect of the Reﬂective Interior Elements on the Illuminance Level in Classrooms
Authors: Pinthoko Nugroho
Published: August 2022

Lighting is one of the essential aspects of architectural design because it is crucial for room ambiance. Artificial and natural lighting affect the architectural element and the furniture. Using simulation tools is beneficial for measuring the reflective level of furniture elements to the room's lighting. DIALux Evo3 is computer software to support artificial and natural lighting simulation for interior spaces up to a particular room standard. This study uses the DIALux Evo3 software to conduct the trial-anderror process. The level of reflection on an interior element affects the lux value. This study will focus on the aspects of the ceiling, chairs, and table furniture using the trial and error method by simulating until a difference looms. The focus simulation focuses on setting the reflective coating in the DIALux Evo3 software on ceiling elements, chairs, and tables. The literature method examines aspects of DIALux Evo3 and the points measured in the simulation process. This simulation uses 15 lamps. This study aims to prove that the choice of paint finishing affects the results produced by the vertical illuminance (adaptive) parameter and utilizes technology in architecture. The conclusion is that interior elements such as ceilings, chairs, and tables with reflective elements affect the artificial light. The aspect with low reflectivity requires a high lux value compared to architectural and interior components with high reflectance
Aplicação do bioestimulador Hidroxiapatita de Cálcio em pescoço
Authors: Teixeira Valéria Aparecida , Feitosa Pedro Carvalho , de Campos Luciana Ribeiro
Published: August 2022

Modern Dentistry has a relevant role in the area of Orofacial Harmonization aiming face rejuvenation. There are four types of injectable collagen biostimulators in the market with the ability to stimulate neocollagenesis, leaving the skin firmer, with a more defined contour, with texture and glow. Among them is Calcium Hydroxyapatite. Calcium Hydroxyapatite (CaHA) has been used as a facial filler since the 2000s, and is currently the second most popular soft tissue filler in the world, after hyaluronic acid. The potential uses of products that stimulate collagen production represent a promising perspective for improving skin quality and its mechanical properties by introducing a new concept of therapeutic approach in the treatment of changes caused by skin aging. The present work aims to present a case report whose patient underwent treatment with Hydroxyapatite in the neck region.
Uso do eletrocautério no rejuvenescimento da região orbital – relato de caso
Authors: Vieira Patrícia Lopes da Silva , de Oliveira Kelly Martins , Feitosa Pedro Carvalho
Published: August 2022

As skin ages, skin tissue undergoes changes in its structures. Genetic material modification and cell proliferation decrease, resulting in loss of elasticity and the ability to regulate metabolism. Collagen fibers become more rigid and there is reduction of elastic fibers, leading to the appearance of wrinkles, and tissue replication becomes less efficient. In a young skin, cells take about 28 days to reach the surface. In a more mature skin, this “turnover” happens in about 40 days. This means a skin with an accumulation of aged and dead cells, opaque and dull. Not only age, but other factors such as UV rays exposure, pollution, lack of sleep and nutrition contribute to a slower cell renewal rate. Taking proper care in relation to appearance is not just a matter of aesthetics, but a way to gain self-esteem and self-confidence. There are several techniques that can be used to reduce these aging signs. This work shows a clinical case of a single session using electrocautery in the orbital region rejuvenation. After fulguration, the Red Led 660nm 30-second phototherapy was used on the area worked. The result was promising, with reduction of skin sagging and rhytids in the region, probably due to skin retraction caused by tissue trauma in just one session.
Hidroxiapatita de Cálcio em harmonização orofacial na região frontal - revisão da literatura
Authors: Rontani Julia Puppin , Feitosa Pedro Carvalho , de Oliveira Kelly Martins
Published: August 2022

Aging signs begin to appear due to decrease of collagen production, causing the skin to lose support, mechanical strength and elasticity, generating expression lines and static wrinkles. The frontal region that is responsible for the main part of the facial expression, is a highly innervated area and it is irrigated by very important vessels being susceptible to the formation of horizontal and vertical static lines, and also formation of depressions due to frontal bone resorption. This area is highly enervated and with important arteries, and also has a thin subcutaneous layer. This area is difficult to treat as subcutaneous tissue is thick and it is a region irrigated by important arteries prone to necrosis. The search for collagen stimulation with Calcium Hydroxyapatite, in order to delay the changes related to aging due to decrease of type I collagen production, stimulating the formation of endogenous collagen by fibroblasts and more long-lasting results is increasing. Calcium Hydroxyapatite is used for filling and promotes skin collagen type I formation, decreasing aging signs and presenting long-lasting results. So, the objective of the present paper is a literature review of the Calcium Hydroxyapatite use for collagen biostimulation and volumization of the frontal region. For the search of articles of this literature review in PubMed and SciELO databases the key words used were Calcium Hydroxyapatite, Collagen Biostimulators, Orofacial Harmonization. It was concluded that Calcium Hydroxyapatite use in the frontal region is indicated for collagen stimulation and volumization, but it requires a qualified operator that knows all the structures of the region where the product is injected and knows how to deal with the complications arising from this procedure.
Hasanen A. Al-Taiar
Authors: Merza Mohammed
Published: August 2022

People diagnosed with DM are approximately 20% more likely to suffer from anxiety than those without diabetes. Metformin is the first line therapy for treating T2DM, whereas pregabalin is the first line therapy for treating diabetic neuropathy as well as generalized anx-iety disorder (GAD). The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of combining pregabalin with met-formin in patients who suffer from anxiety and see to what extent does it reduce anxiety symptoms as well as their glycated hemoglobin level. Related data were col-lected from T2DM individuals that were undergoing treatment with metformin alone and those with met-formin and pregabalin combination. A greater decre-ment in anxiety symptoms and HbA1c occurred in pa-tients taking the combination therapy. Besides pregaba-lin’s use to decrease neuropathy symptoms it can also alleviate anxiety symptoms in diabetic patients bringing about a better glycemic control in them.
Differences among IMRT and 3D-CRT plans for patients with brain cancer Noor Sami Omar
Authors: S.Omar Noor , T.Ali Runak
Published: August 2022

IMRT is the primary development of 3D-CRT, because it represents a dose distribution to the tumor cell in superior way also sending of highly conformal radiation to irregularly and concave shaped target volume. The purpose of the present study is to compare the dosimetric analysis of two plans of radiotherapy (IMRT) and 3D-CRT, which include target volume and organ at risk for both plans. The present study selected eight patients, seven cases with different types of brain cancer and one case with chordoma cancer, all the cases previously irradiated in Zhianawa Cancer Center. All selected cases were re-planned by both techniques. IMRT planning provides reducing the dose of both right and left optic nerve mean dose for right optic nerve 23.52 Gy and left 22.51 Gy compared with the 3D-CRT plan (right optic nerve 28.06 Gy and left 25.71 Gy). IMRT plan reduces dose of both right and left eye compared to 3D-CRT plan, the mean dose for right eye 17.53 Gy and left 13.71 Gy compared with the 3D-CRT plan (right eye 18.4 Gy and left 16.97 Gy). IMRT plan provided better target cover (PTV95%) (97.33± 1.16) for (prescribed dose of 40Gy) than 3D-CRT (96.96±1.83).
EFFECT OF HYPERICUM PERFORATUM ON GASTRIC ULCER IN RAT
Authors: M.Hussein Ali , Nanakali Nadir , M.Hussein Mohammed
Published: August 2022

Gastric ulcer is a chronic condition that occurs when the mucosa of the stomach is broken. There is a physiological equilibrium between aggressive factors and mucosal defense. This study aimed to determine the prevention level and efficiency of herbal medicinal plants (Hypericum perforatum) and compared with the omeprazole drug.Many groups were prepared from Albino male rats, first control group (inoculate with H. pylori and fed with standard pellet), Second group, rats inoculated by H. pylori and prevented with aqueous extract H. perforatum in two dosages (250mg/kg, 500mg/kg), Third group inoculated by H. pylori and prevented with standard drug omeprazole at the dose (20mg/kg).The result showed that H. perforatum inhibits (50.65%) stomach ulcer formation with a high dose. Omeprazole's' group results showed (24.50%) stomachs ulcer formation. Although the result of the current study improves, a high dosage of aqueous extracts of plants has more effectiveness than the low dosage of aqueous extracts of plants.
Nilai Perjuangan Novel Langit dan Bumi Sahabat Kami Karya Nh. Dini dan Relevansinya Sebagai Bahan Ajar di SMA
Authors: Pangestu Ilham Bagus , Mashuri Fajar Ali , Sudiatmi Titik
Published: August 2022

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan nilai-nilai perjuangan yang terkandung dalam novel Langit dan Bumi Sahabat Kami karya Nh. Dini dan relevansinya sebagai bahan ajar di SMA. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu deskriptif kualitatif yang dijabarkan dan diuraikan secara rinci. Pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini menggunakan metode dokumentasi dengan pengembangan analisis kritis. Sumber data berupa novel Langit dan Bumi Sahabat Kami karya Nh. Dini, dengan data berupa kata, frasa atau kalimat yang mencerminkan nilai perjuanagn. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa novel Langit dan Bumi Sahabat Kami karya Nh. Dini mengandung nilai perjuangan antara lain yakni nilai sabar dan pantang menyerah, rela berkorban dan tolong menolong, kerja sama dan kerja keras. Hasil penelitian yang dilakukan dapat digunakan sebagai bahan ajar pembelajaran sastra di SMA. Relevansi dan keterkaitan novel Langit dan Bumi Sahabat Kami karya Nh. Dini terletak pada materi menganalisis pesan atau kandungan dalam karya sastra.
PEMANFAATAN MEDIA WHATSAP DAN SELF REQULATED TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR AKIDAH AKHLAK DI MTs. DDI KABUPATEN BULUKUMBA
Authors: Muh. Yusuf T  , Safei  , Mayani Mayani
Published: August 2022

Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan media whattsApp terhadap hasil belajar Akidah Akhlak pada siswa kelas VII di Mts. DDI Baburridha Sawere Kabupaten Bulukumba, Jenis penelitian ini adalah retrospektif. Data diperoleh dengan menggunakan kuesioner dan alat dokumentasi, serta diolah menggunakan SPSS 23 for Windows. Sebanyak 161 populasi penelitian ini dengan jumlah sampel 40 orang dari populasi. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa variabel penggunaan Whatsapp memiliki pengaruh gabungan terhadap hasil belajar siswa Madrasah dapat menggunakan pembelajaran dengan media whattsApp sebagai masukan dalam upaya peningkatan kualitas pendidikan, dan inovasi tersebut dalam pembelajaran aktif yang sesuai untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar Akhlak Akidah sudah tepat
The IMF Rice Liberalization Policy in Indonesia: The Case Study of Elite Behaviors in the Era of Gus Dur, Megawati, and SBY Government
Authors: Purwaatmoko Sunardi
Published: August 2022

The research aimed to explain elite behaviour in Indonesia's political reform era. This research was based on primary data collected from unstructured interviews with respondents or samples and secondary data collected from library studies. In analyzing the data collected, descriptive and qualitative methods are applied. This research found that adopting the electoral system of the Proportional Multi-Member District and the lack of power and authority distribution from elite to interest groups tended to result in the emergence of small and pragmatic political parties trying to get constituent votes using political mobilization of the constituent voters. The emergence of political parties induces a patron-client relationship between the political candidate and his constituent voters through a broker-generating oligarchy within the party. For that reason, the policy-making process in the rice sector depends on the relative power of ideologist party coalitions and pragmatic party coalitions. The changes in rice policy depended on the political interaction between the old and pragmatic political oligarchy and the new and ideologist political oligarchy. The stronger the political coalition of the new political oligarchy consisting of new ideologists and reformist political parties, the more protective the rice policy will be, and vice versa. That is why we suggested that the election system should be changed into Single-Member District Electoral System to create a smaller number of political parties to avoid the emergence of pragmatic political parties. And interest groups should be strengthened to prevent the dominant power of the oligarchy.