bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
8 am versus 8 pm labour induction with dinoprostone vaginal tablets in term pregnancies with unfavourable cervices—a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Adlan Aizura Syafinaz Ahmad , Virasamy Vikneswaran , Sin-Wen Doris Ng , Adenan Noor Azmi Mat
Published: June 2021

Background: To evaluate the feasibility of timing delivery of induction of labour cases to occur during office hours and reduce night time delivery. Methods: Patients scheduled for induction of labour were randomized to 8 am or 8 pm insertion of dinoprostone vaginal tablets. The main outcome measure was time of delivery between 8 am to 5 pm. The secondary outcome measures were mode of delivery and its indications, neonatal outcomes, maternal satisfaction and labour room staff satisfaction. Results: 164 patients were recruited with 78 patients randomized to the 8 am group and 86 patients randomized to the 8 pm group. There was no significant difference in timing of delivery between both groups, with delivery between 8 am to 5 pm for the 8 am group being 35.9% and for the 8 pm group being 44.2% (P = 0.339). For the secondary outcome measures, there was no significant difference found between mode of delivery (vaginal, instrumental or Caesarean section), neonatal Apgar score and cord blood pH, nor maternal satisfaction score based on the Likert scale. However there was a statistically significant difference (P = 0.001) for labour ward staff satisfaction based on the Likert scale, favouring the 8 pm induction timing. Conclusion: 8 am versus 8 pm timing for induction of labour has no significant difference to the timing of delivery during office hours, but the 8 pm induction of labour group has significantly greater labour ward staff satisfaction.
The relationship between fetal thymus volume and preterm birth in dichorionic diamniotic pregnancies
Authors: Sal Hidayet , Guven Emine Seda Guvendag , Guven Suleyman
Published: June 2021

Background: The aim of this study was to compare fetal thymus volume in women who delivered at <36 weeks of pregnancy versus those who did not. Methods: A total of 32 dichorionic-diamniotic twin pregnant women were included in the prospective cohort study. The fetal thymus volumes were measured in the second trimester for each fetus using the VOCAL ultrasonography program. The data of women who experienced preterm labor (delivered at <36 weeks of pregnancy) and the control group (delivered at ≥36 weeks of pregnancy) were compared. Results: The mean thymus volume of each fetus was statistically significantly lower in preterm delivery cases than in the control group. Mean fetal thymus volume could be used as a marker for predicting preterm birth in the study group. The parameter of fetal thymus volume measured in twins at 18–24 weeks can be used as a predictive factor (P < 0.001). When the fetal thymus volume, measured 3-dimensionally by ultrasonography in conjunction with the VOCAL program, was used as a marker for predicting preterm delivery, the cut-off value was found to be 0.5245 cm3, with 83.3% sensitivity and 85.8% specificity (AUC 0.905, P < 0.001, 95% CI, 0.798–0.930). Conclusion: By predicting preterm delivery via measuring the fetal thymus volume in twins, physicians can suggest strategies to prevent preterm delivery at 18–24 weeks of pregnancy. In this way, fetal mortality/morbidity related to preterm delivery may be prevented.
Less is more—a minimal approach technique for Cesarean Section
Authors: Belci Dragan , Renzo Gian Carlo Di , Zoričić Davor , Tinelli Andrea , Malvasi Antonio , Stark Michael
Published: June 2021

Background: The various techniques for performing a Cesarean Section (CS) have a long history. There are numerous surgical variations based on personal or local tradition, but these are not based on evidence and often have different outcomes on maternal and newborn health. Many modifications of the CS technique have been utilized in order to improve outcome with variable results both positive and negative. Several CS laparotomic methods have been developed but no consensus has been reached on the most optimal approach as related to safety and morbidity. Methods: The minimalistic approach of the Stark Cesarean Section (SCS) is compared to other methods thorugh an evaluation of the studies published in the last 20 years comparing this technique with others, the systematic reviews and the personal experience of the authors. Results and discussion: The abdominal incision done at the Stark Cesarean Section differs from the Pfannenstiel incision by its location being above the arcuate line eliminating the need to separate the fascia from the recti muscles. The muscle separations being away from the pubic bone and the iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal nerves eliminates the risk of damage. This unique surgical approach is a logical, fast and simple one that eliminates unnecessary operative steps saving time and reducing complications. After fifteen years of experience and thousands of SCS performed at our departments, we may conclude that this method has several advantages over other surgical methods as related to short and long-term outcomes, including chronic/neuropathic pain and quality of life.
The effect of laparoscopic ovarian drilling on timing of menopause in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome: 29 years of follow-up data
Authors: Dere Gonca Özten , Uyanik Esra , Aktoz Fatih , Çalış Pınar , Mümüşoğlu Sezcan , Yarali Hakan , Bozdağ Gürkan
Published: June 2021

Background: Despite significantly improved rates of ovulation and pregnancy after laparoscopic ovarian drilling (LOD) in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), one should remain cautious of this procedure due to the associated risk of post-operative adhesions and a significant decrease in ovarian reserve markers. In this longitudinal follow-up study, we aimed to evaluate the long-term effects of LOD on the timing of menopause. Methods: A total of 83 patients were identified who had undergone LOD between December 1991 and December 1996. Of the 13 patients that we were able to reach, two had undergone unilateral LOD and were excluded, leaving 11 patients to be analysed. Results: The median age at the time of LOD was 25 (range 19–35) years. The median age at the time of the current analysis was 52 (range 46–64) years. Whereas two of these patients had surgical menopause at the age of 35 and 47 due to leiomyoma, four patients had natural menopause between the ages of 45 to 52 years. Although five patients were still having regular cycles at the age of 46 to 54 years at the time of the study, we do not have any biochemical data to evaluate their ovulatory status. With respect to fecundity, whereas nine out of 11 patients conceived spontaneously, two required assisted reproduction treatment. Discussion: According to the findings from a limited number of patients, LOD does not appear to have any negative effect on the timing of menopause.
Outcomes and dose—volume parameters for computed tomography-based brachytherapy planning for vaginal recurrence of uterine cancer primarily treated with surgery
Authors: Murofushi Keiko Nemoto , Tanaka Reiko , Ohkawa Ayako , Numajiri Haruko , Okumura Toshiyuki , Sakurai Hideyuki
Published: June 2021

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical outcomes and dose-volume parameters of computed tomography CT-based brachytherapy for the vaginal recurrence of uterine cancer after hysterectomy. Methods:　We evaluated 22 uterine cancer patients treated with CT-based brachytherapy for vaginal recurrence between December 2010 and August 2015. Interstitial brachytherapy (ISBT) was used when the vaginal tumor was thicker than 5 mm and/or located at extended extravaginal tissue, whereas intercavitary brachytherapy was performed if it was 5 mm or thinner. Results: Overall, 11 patients had cervical cancer, and 11 had endometrial cancer. The median pretreatment tumor size on magnetic resonance imaging was 17 mm (range, 0–45 mm). Four patients had vaginal recurrence recognized only in the gynecological examination. The primary location of recurrence was the vagina, with extravaginal extension observed in 9 patients. Seventeen patients (77%) received external beam radiotherapy and brachytherapy. ISBT was performed in 12 patients (55%). The median clinical target volume (CTV) D90 was 69.2 Gy (62.6–72.8 Gy). The median D2cc of the bladder, sigmoid, and rectum were 70.2 (63.8–77.6), 37.4 (30.0–43.6), and 52.8 Gy (38.6–63.5 Gy), respectively. Complete response was reached in all patients. The 5-year overall survival rate and local control rate (LC) were 84.8 and 95.5%, respectively. No patient experienced grade ≥3 complications. Conclusions: CT-based brachytherapy has the potential to become an essential treatment for vaginal recurrences of uterine cancer after hysterectomy as it can achieve good LC without increasing the rate of late complications for selected patients with less recurrences.
Fertility options in Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser syndrome
Authors: Fedele Francesco , Bulfoni Alessandro , Salvatore Stefano , Candiani Massimo
Published: June 2021

Background: The Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser (MRKH) syndrome is the most common cause of uterine aplasia, with a worldwide frequency of 1 in 4500 females. Although abundant literature is present regarding the different available methods for creating a neovagina in MRKH syndrome, the attention dedicated to these women’s reproductive potential remains insufficient. Methods: Online searches were carried out in PubMed database during November and December 2020. The search included a combination of the various terms (e.g., MRKH, vaginoplasty, uterus transplantation, infertility treatment, gestational surrogacy, etc.). The following inclusion criteria were used: (1) The articles should be written in English or French language. (2) The article should have been published by an official scientific organization. Results: Until few years ago, the only option for women with MRKH syndrome was legal adoption, now gestational surrogacy (GS) and uterine transplantation (UTx) have become new fertility options available to these patients. Discussion: GS is officially recognized in several countries and widely practiced. On the other hand, UTx, although the great recent technical improvements, is far from being an option for all women with MRKH syndrome secondary to its complexity and the necessary immunologic therapies.
Anesthesiologic management of pregnant women with SARS-COV-2 infection undergoing cesarean delivery
Authors: Coviello Antonio , Posillipo Concetta , Golino Ludovica , Angelis Carlo De , Gragnano Elisabetta , Saccone Gabriele , Ianniello Marilena , Castellano Gaetano , Marra Annachiara , Maresca Alfredo , Vargas Maria , Servillo Giuseppe
Published: June 2021

Background: Pregnant women are usually more susceptible to infection due to typical physiological and mechanical changes, such as increased heart rate, stroke volume and pulmonary residual capacity. The aim of this study was to evaluate an innovative anesthesiologic opioid-free management protocol in symptomatic pregnant women, with COVID-19 and with oxygen therapy, undergoing cesarean delivery with spinal anesthesia. Methods: With the patient in the sitting position, spinal anesthesia was performed at the L1–L2 level. Vertebral level has been identified starting from the sacrum, we counted the laminae in the caudal-to-cephalad direction, which was then marked with a surgical pen. The technique was performed in asepsis, in the subarachnoid space after vision of clear Cephalo-Spinal Fluid (CSF) in the spinal needle 27 Gauge, without letting out the CSF, bupivacaine 0.5% 10 mg, dexmedetomidine 10 μg and dexamethasone 4 mg was injected. Results: During the study period, 40 pregnant women with one or more symptoms and supplemental oxygen (FiO2 35–40%) who underwent cesarean delivery were included in the study. All pregnant women had pain visual analog scale (VAS) ≤3, and no pregnant women required rescue dose. Adverse effects, such as nausea, vomiting, shivering, or pruritus were not recorded in any case. After a mean of 2.5 hours from the spinal anesthesia, all the included women had a complete motility of the lower limbs and were able to mobilize independently within 12 hours after delivery. Mean time to first flatus was about 8 hours after delivery. Conclusions: Pregnant women in COVID-19 can safely receive intrathecal dexamethasone and dexmedetomidine during planned cesarean delivery.
Prenatal ultrasonographic diagnosis of fetal scrotal inguinal hernia: a case report and literature review
Authors: Yordanov Angel , Zhelyaskova Krasimira
Published: June 2021

Background: Prenatal inguinoscrotal hernia is a rare condition and currently there are only several reports in the literature. Materials: We present a case of inguinoscrotal hernia in a 37-weeks’ gestation fetus, diagnosed at routine prenatal ultrasound. Surgical anomaly correction was done two months after Cesarian section in 39 weeks’ gestation. Results: We discussed the differential diagnosis of scrotal tumor formations that may occur prenatally. We performed a systematic literature review to provide useful information for the diagnosis and the management of this rare prenatal pathology. Discussion: Inguinoscrotal hernia occurs in both single or multifetal pregnancies with no side predilection; it does not mandate a change in the mode or time of delivery with recommendations for correction shortly after birth. Currently, there are no long-term follow-up data about fertility issues in fetuses with inguinoscrotal hernia in their adolescence.
The relationships between sociodemographic characteristics and attitudes to induced abortion following detected fetal anomaly
Authors: Grinberg Keren
Published: June 2021

Background: Induced or artificial abortion is an elective termination of pregnancy for reasons such as unwanted pregnancy or detected birth defects in the fetus. Abortions and the related moral dilemmas are as old as time, and are common worldwide. This issue has medical, psychological, social, moral, political, legal and religious aspects, but it is still unclear which factors affect the public’s attitudes to abortion following anomalies detected in the fetus. This study aimed to examine the attitudes of the general population in Israel to abortions related to detected fetal anomalies and diseases. Methods: A questionnaire composed for the research purposes, and which related to induced abortion following anomalies detected in the fetus, was distributed to 161 participants from the general population aged 18–65 using a virtual snowball method. Results: Results showed that the more religious respondents were, the more negative their attitude to induced abortions was. Economic status also affected attitudes, so that people with a higher than average income had a more favorable attitude than people with a lower income. No differences were found between Jews and non-Jews, or various levels of education. Discussion: The findings suggest a correlation between the degree of religiosity and attitudes towards abortion following anomalies detected in the fetus, so that the more religious one is, the more negative his or her attitude to abortion is. Religion and abortion are closely connected in social and religious discourse in Israel.
Prescription patterns of herbal medicine for polycystic ovarian syndrome in major Korean medicine hospitals: a multicenter retrospective study
Authors: Lee Hye Won , Ang Lin , Lee Myeong Soo , Park Kyoung Sun , Lee Jin-Moo , Lee Chang-Hoon , Kim Dong Chul , Yoo Jeong-Eun , Yang Seung-Jeong , Choi Tae-Young
Published: June 2021

Background: Few studies investigated the prescription patterns of traditional Korean medicine (TKM) therapies for PCOS in clinical practice. The purpose of this study was to identify the common symptoms, herbal prescription patterns and types of adjunctive treatment for treating polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in major traditional Korean medicine (TKM) hospitals. Methods: A retrospective chart review of PCOS patients was used for the study. The study involved the analysis of medical records (ICD-10, polycystic ovary syndrome: E28.2) from four TKM-based university hospitals in South Korea. Results: A total of 120 PCOS patients were analyzed. We found that PCOS patients had a wide range of symptoms, including menstrual irregularity, oligomenorrhea, amenorrhea, acne, infertility, and metrorrhagia. The most commonly prescribed prescriptions for PCOS treatment were Chokyung-san (Tiaojing-san), Gamiguibi-tang (Jiawei Guipi-tang), and Changbudodam-tang (Cangfu Daotan-tang). In addition, patients were most often treated with adjunctive acupuncture and moxibustion. Conclusion: Our study presents the major gynecological herbal prescriptions and other adjunctive therapies used for the treatment of PCOS in TKM-based hospitals. However, further pharmacological investigations and effective clinical trials should be developed to ensure the objectivity of efficacy assessments.
Tarihi Dokuda Çağdaş Kültür Yapısının Görsel Etki Değerlendirmesi: Odunpazarı Modern Müze Örneklem Alanı
Authors: KIZILKAN Gözde , YEŞİLDAL Ömer
Published: June 2021

Bu çalışmada; tarihi bir kent dokusu içinde projelendirilmiş yeni bir kültürel yapının, bulunduğu kentsel çevredeki görsel etkisinin insan-çevre ilişkileri üzerinden değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Literatür taraması ile görsel etki çözümlemesi üzerine kavramsal çerçevenin oluşturulması sonrasında, tarihi bir kentsel bağlam içinde inşa edilen modern bir yapı çalışma/örneklem alanı olarak seçilmiştir. Araştırma, mimari uyaranın insan-çevre etkileşiminde görsel etki değerlendirilmesine odaklanırken; anket sorgulaması tekniği aracılığıyla katılımcıların demografik özelliklerine yönelik bilgi ve görüşlerini toparlama, değerlendirme ve bir sonuç ortaya koyma üzerine şekillenmektedir. Bu bağlamda; çalışma sorusu olarak farklı sosyo-demografik özelliklere sahip bireylerce tarihi kent alanı içinde konumlanan çağdaş bir yapının görsel etki değerlendirilmesinin hangi faktörlere göre anlamlandırıldığının saptanması hedeflenmekte; ilerisi için yol gösterici olabilecek ipuçları ortaya konmaktadır.
New Feasibility Approach with Conjoint Analysis for Urban Rail Transit Investments: A Case Study of Rize City
Authors: ÖNDER Hatice , ULVİ Hayri , AKDEMİR Furkan
Published: June 2021

Urban rail investments are known to be one of the most popular solutions used by modern societies in terms of transportation needs and social sustainability. Urban rail systems are costly systems that require more resources. Therefore, investment decisions are taken with feasibility studies. As the feasibility studies in the present day predominantly evaluate the economic aspects of the investments. This attitude delays new investment processes that prevent urban development, so a feasibility approach is needed to fully evaluate the benefit potential of cities. In this study, primarily, feasibility frameworks and investment criteria of public transport systems have been explained. A new feasibility approach which is included using Conjoint Analysis has been developed that can evaluate different benefits of urban transportation investments. The feasibility of the different public transport scenarios pro-duced within the scope of the transportation plan of Rize has evaluated by using the pro-posed feasibility approach. In a medium-sized city, criteria importance has determined for the return on investment 22%, journey time 32%, comfort 11%, pollution 19%, rent in-crease 4%, spatial consumption 12%. Among the criteria evaluated within the framework of the new feasibility method, it has been determined that the rapid bus line is more feasible investment alternative.
Sosyal Sürdürülebilirlik Performansının Kalıcı Afet Konutlarında Değerlendirilmesi: Bingöl Örneği
Authors: KÜRÜM VAROLGÜNEŞ Fatma
Published: June 2021

Afet sonrası kalıcı konut uygulamalarının en tartışılan sonuçlarından biri afetzedelerin yaşam biçimleriyle uyumsuz yeni yerleşim alanlarının oluşturulmasıdır. Memnuniyetsizlikle sonuçlanan bu durum, ya yerleşim alanlarının terkedilmesine ya da kullanıcı eliyle değişikliğe uğratılmasına neden olmaktadır. Konut üretim süreci sadece bir barınma probleminin çözümü olarak görülmemeli, tüm toplumsal ihtiyaçlara cevap veren bir fiziksel çevre yaratma eylemi olarak ele alınmalıdır. Bu bağlamda, yapılan çalışma ile toplumların yaşam kalitesini etkileyen sosyal sürdürülebilirlik parametreleri derlenerek Türkiye’de deprem sonrası üretilmiş toplu konut örnek alanları özelinde değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışma kapsamında veri toplamak için gözlem, anket ve görüşme tekniği kullanılmıştır. Anket çalışmasında kullanıcıların demografik özellikleri dikkate alınarak yaşadıkları konutu ve yapılı çevreyi değerlendirmeleri istenmiştir. Türkiye’nin doğusunda bulunan Bingöl İlinde 2003 depremi sonrası yapılmış olan İnönü, Uydukent ve İçmeler Mahallesi toplu konutlarında yaşayan 207 konut kullanıcısıyla yüz yüze görüşülerek basit rastlantısal örneklem yöntemi ile anket çalışması yürütülmüş ve veriler elde edilmiştir. Çalışma kapsamında “Afet sonrası kalıcı konut üretiminde sosyal sürdürülebilirlik parametrelerinin dikkate alınması kullanıcı memnuniyetinde önemli role sahiptir” hipotezi irdelenmiştir. Sonuç olarak; konutun, sosyal, kültürel ve bölgesel özelliklerle uyumu, kullanıcı katılımı, yeniden yerleşimin benimsenmesi, aidiyet duygusu, ortak değerlerin pekişmesi, güven hissi, kimlik ve yaşam kalitesinde iyileşme gibi parametrelerin kullanıcı memnuniyetini önemli düzeyde etkilediği tespit edilmiştir.
Kent Sağlığı ve Covid-19 Kapsamında Sağlık Hizmetleri Mekansal Yer Seçiminin Değerlendirilmesi: Ankara Çankaya İlçesi Örneği
Authors: SATILMIŞ Emine Şeyda , AKKAYA BÜYÜKCİVELEK İrem , VAROL Cigdem
Published: June 2021

Yeni Koronavirüs Hastalığı (Covıd-19), ilk olarak Çin’in Wuhan Eyaleti’nde 2019 yılı Aralık ayının sonlarında ortaya çıkmış ve Ocak 2020’den itibaren tüm dünyaya yayılmıştır. Salgının küresel boyutta ciddi bir hal almasıyla, 11 Mart 2020’de Dünya Sağlık Örgütü (DSÖ) tarafından pandemi ilan edilmiştir. Covid-19’un küresel boyuta ulaşması dünyadaki tüm nüfusu tehdit etmeye başlamıştır. Salgın hastalıkların yayılmasında kentler şüphesiz büyük bir öneme sahipken aynı zamanda bulaşıcı hastalıkların yayılmasını durdurmak ve nüfus sağlığını iyileştirmek için de çözümler sunan yerlerdir. Günümüzde kent sağlığı yaklaşımının üç temel odak noktasından biri olan hizmetlerin kentsel mekândaki sunumu, Covid-19 ile beraber önem kazanmıştır. Bu dönemde koruyucu, tedavi ve rehabilite edici sağlık hizmetlerine ihtiyaç artmış ve sağlık hizmetlerinin yetersizliği gündeme gelmiştir. Bu çalışma, Ankara ili Çankaya ilçesindeki sağlık hizmetlerine yönelik mekânsal kararları irdeleyerek yasal kapsamda belirlenen standartlara uygunluğunu ve erişilebilirliğini tespit ederek pandemi döneminde sağlık hizmet sunumunu tartışmayı amaçlamaktadır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda Ankara ili Çankaya ilçesindeki yer alan sağlık hizmet alanlarının mekânsal yer seçimi kararlarına yönelik, ilgili kurum ve kuruluşlardan elde edilen veriler doğrultusunda; konum, alan büyüğü ve kapasite tespiti yapılmıştır. Coğrafi bilgi sistemleri aracılığıyla yapılan analizlerde, sağlık hizmetlerinin konum, standartlara uyum ve erişilebilirlik düzeylerinin, Covid-19 mekansal yayılımı da göz önünde bulundurularak, uzun erimde hizmet ihtiyacı ve sunumuna vereceği cevap sorgulanmıştır.
Bölgesel Çeşitlilik mi Uzmanlaşma mı? İllerin İmalat Sanayinde Çeşitlilik/Uzmanlaşma Düzeylerine Göre Sıralanması
Authors: SUNGUR Onur , YAMAN Habibe
Published: June 2021

Bölgelerin inovasyon-büyüme süreçlerindeki farklılıklar ve bölgesel çeşitlenmenin/uzmanlaşmanın ardında yatan nedenlerin incelenmesi, son zamanlarda bilim insanları ve politika belirleyicilerinin gündemindedir. Bu konuda Bölge Bilimi literatüründe son yıllarda giderek artan ilgi oluşturan iki önemli ana kavram bulunmaktadır. Bunlar “bölgesel uzmanlaşma” ve “bölgesel çeşitlilik” kavramlarıdır. Her iki kavram da bölgelerin veya bölgede yer alan firmaların yenilikçilik, rekabet, büyüme performansı veya bölgelerin krizlere-resesyonlara karşı koyabilme yeteneği konusunda çeşitli çıkarımlarda bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı; Türkiye’de illerin imalat sanayi sektöründe çeşitlilik/uzmanlaşma düzeylerinin tespit edilmesidir. Bu kapsamda; iller itibariyle 2019 yılı istihdam verilerinden yararlanılarak illerin göreli çeşitlilik/yoğunlaşma endeksi (Duranton-Puga Endeksi) hesaplanmaktadır. Sektörel çeşitlilik/uzmanlaşma değerleri kullanılarak illerin sıralaması yapılmaktadır. Analiz sonucuna göre, 81 il için Duranton-Puga Endeksi 0,58 ile 3,76 arasında değişkenlik göstermektedir. İmalat sanayi sektöründe İzmir, İstanbul, Adana, Samsun, Tekirdağ gibi illerde endeks değerinin yüksek olduğu ve bu illerde istihdamın farklı sanayi kollarına dağıldığı yoğunlaşmanın az olduğu saptanmıştır. Endeks değerinde son sıralarda yer alan Hakkâri, Artvin, Siirt, Bitlis, Bayburt gibi illerde ise istihdamın çok fazla sektörde çeşitlenmediği belli sektörlerde yoğunlaştığı bulunmuştur.
Türkiye’de Bölgesel Planlamanın Kurumsallaşması: Muğlak Bir Süreci Güncel Kuramlar ile Okumak
Authors: YAVUZ Irmak , KUTLAY Ecem , CAN Deniz
Published: June 2021

Türkiye’de bölge planlama pratiği sürecinde içerikler, amaçlar ve kurumsal yapılar sürekli olarak değişime uğramıştır. Oluşan karmaşık sistem, bölgesel planların amaçlarını, karar alma mekanizmalarını, sürecin meşruiyetini ve bu planların genel olarak uygulamadaki başarısını da etkilemiştir. Türkiye’de bölgesel planlamada etkili olan karmaşık ve değişken kurumsal yapıları değerlendirmek ve kurumsallaşma dinamiklerini daha iyi anlamak için kurumlar ile birlikte, kurumların organizasyon mekanizmaları, kurumlar arası çatışmalar veya farklı otoriteler arasındaki iş birliklerinin evrimi tartışmanın merkezine alınarak incelenmelidir. Değişen dinamikler, birden çok kurumu ve kurumların ilişkilerini içeren süreçlerin içkin bir parçasıdır. Bu dinamikleri daha iyi anlamak için temel alınacak kuramsal bir çerçeveye ihtiyaç vardır. Bu bağlamda, Türkiye’de bölgesel planlamadaki kurumsallaşmadaki üç ayrı evreyi oluşturan kırılma noktalarını detaylı bir şekilde incelemek, süreci anlamak ve birimler arasındaki ilişkileri güncel kuram ve kavramlarla tartışmak amacıyla; çok bileşenli yapıların incelenmesine olanak sağlayan asamblaj (assemblage) ve aktör ağ kuramları (actor network) ile kurumsallaşma üzerinde demokratik bir çatkı oluşturan agonizm kuramı çalışmanın temel eksenini oluşturmaktadır.
"My Zine Life is My Private Life": Reframing Authority Control from Detective Work to an Ethic of Care
Authors: Fox Violet , Swickard Kelly
Published: June 2021

The essence of identity management is authoritatively correlating people with the works they create—but what happens when people don’t want to be paired with their work? Contemporary artists and authors who create controversial artwork and literature have concerns around controlling their identity which may change over time and require thoughtful policies which give them as much autonomy as possible. The authors share our experience with zines, artists' books, and protest art, outlining the unique privacy concerns of creators of this type of work, with special consideration to the maintenance of authority files by large academic institutions and government agencies. We conclude by recommending potential infrastructure solutions for authority data structures to address privacy issues by taking cues from archival practice as well as arguing for the need for clarity around who has control over data in order to ensure creators have the right to determine when, how, and if they are identified with a particular work.
Medium, Small and Medium Enterprises and Digital Platforms
Authors: S Hana Dila
Published: June 2021

In July 2020, the Indonesian economic situation face deflation of 0,1 % explained by the Central Bureau of Statistics of the Republic of Indonesia. Furthermore, the tobacco, food, and beverage sector also face the same situation with deflation of 0,79%, following 0.19% deflation in foodstuff. Deflation happened in demand for food related with the exchange rate of agricultural food crops decreased by 0,74 %. Based on the contribution of public expense, 40% group of lower- class contributes 17% of the entire national consumption, and also 40 % group of middle class contributes 36.78%, and 20 % group of upper class contributes 45.49 %.
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE RESPONSIBILITY OF CRIMINAL OFFENDERS WITHOUT LEGAL RIGHT TO DISTRIBUTE AND TTRANSMIT INFORMATION THAT HAS INSULTING CONTENT OR INSULTS (Study Number Decision : 867/Pid.Sus/2018/PN.Tjk.)
Authors: Benni Veby Margaretha , Nance M.Fiebrian Adie , Pratiwi Ayang Widi
Published: June 2021

In this rapidly growing era, it covers all aspects of human life including the internet and social media. Freedom of expression can now not only be expressed through oral or written but also can be poured out or delivered through social media that is currently available. The development of information technology on the one hand will make it easier for humans to carry out their activities, on the other hand can cause various problems that require serious handling.The problem in this study is how the deliberate responsibility of criminal offenders without legal rights distributes and transmits information that has a content of insult or defamation and whether the causes of the perpetrator carry out criminal acts that have a content of insult or defamation based on decision number 867 / Pid. Sus / 2018 / PN.Tjk.The research method used by the author in compiling this thesis is a normative and empirical juridical approach, using secondary and primary data obtained from literature studies and field studies, and data analysis with qualitative analysis.The results of the study indicate that the criminal offender intentionally without legal rights distributes and transmits information that has a content of insult or defamation based on decision number 867 / Pid.Sus / 2018 / PN.Tjk is in accordance with Article 45A (3) Jo Article 27 paragraph (3) of the Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 19 Year 2016 concerning amendments to Law Number 11 Year 2008 concerning Electronic Information and Transactions, imposes imprisonment for the defendant for 2 (two) years 6 (six) months and a fine of 500,000,000 IDR (five hundred million rupiahs) subside 6 (six) months and the causes of the offender carrying out criminal acts that have a content of insult or defamation based on the decision number 867 / Pid.Sus / 2018 / PN.Tjk is due to internal and external factors.The suggestion in this study is that with a lot of criminal acts of humiliation through internet media, it has been proven that the lack of public knowledge about the danger or the consequences of these actions. So when they are held accountable they are not able to account for their actions. For this reason, the government must intensify socialization so that people are wise in their activities in electronic media.
PENGARUH PERPUTARAN KAS, PERPUTARAN PIUTANG, DAN PERPUTARAN PERSEDIAAN TERHADAP PROFITABILITAS PADA PERUSAHAAN DAGANG YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA
Authors: Hek Tan Kim
Published: June 2021

The purpose of the study was to determine whether the cash turnover, receivable turnover, and inventory turnover affect the profitability at the trade companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange partially and simultaneously. The independent variables were examined in this study is the cash turnover, receivable turnover, and inventory turnover. While the dependent variables is profitability. Sampling was done by purposive sampling. This research test equipment using linesar regression models. Conclusion from the study is the simultaneous cash turnover, receivable turnover, and inventory turnover significantly influence profitability. Partially, variable cash turnover and inventory turnover effect on profitability. While the receivable turnover does not significantly influence profitability. Determination test result showed that the cash turnover, receivable turnover, and inventory turnover isonly able to explain the profitability while the remaining 41,7% is influenced by other variables that are not discussed in this study.
OpenOBS: Open-source, low-cost optical backscatter sensors for water quality and sediment-transport research
Authors: Eidam Emily , Langhorst Theodore , Goldstein Evan , McLean McKenzie
Published: June 2021

Optical backscatter sensors (OBSs) are commonly used to measure the turbidity, or light obscuration, of water in fresh and marine environments and various industrial applications. These turbidity measurements are commonly calibrated to yield total suspended solids (TSS) or suspended sediment concentration (SSC) measurements for water quality, sediment transport, and diverse other research and environmental management applications. Commercial sensors generally cost >$1000-3000. Here we leveraged simple, low-cost microprocessors, electronics, and housing components to design and construct open-source OBSs for <$150 per unit. The circuit relies on a photodiode to sense the backscattered light, two stages of signal amplification, and a high resolution analogue-to-digital convert to read the detected value. The instrument and logger utilize inexpensive, custom-printed circuit boards with through-hole soldering mounts; micro-SD card reader and real-time clock modules; and PVC housings with commercial end caps and epoxy-potted diode emitter and receiver. All parts are readily and publicly available, and minimal experience in soldering and coding is required to build and deploy the sensor. In lab and field tests, standard deviations were comparable to those measured by commercial sensors (~2-3% of the mean for suspended muds and 20-30% for suspended sands). These open-source sensors represent a useful advance in inexpensive sensing technology with broad applications across scientific and environmental management disciplines.
Si-based MEMS Resonant Sensor: A Review from Microfabrication Perspective
Authors: Verma Gulshan , Gupta Ankur
Published: June 2021

With the technological advancement in micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS), microfabrication processes along with digital electronics together have opened novel avenues to the development of small-scale smart sensingdevices capable of improved sensitivity with a lower cost of fabrication and relatively small power consumption. This article aims to provide the overview of the recent work carried out on the fabrication methodologies adoptedto develop silicon based resonant sensors. A detailed discussion has been carried out to understand critical steps involved in the fabrication of the silicon-based MEMS resonator. Some challenges starting from the materialsselection to the ?final phase of obtaining a compact MEMS resonator device for its fabrication have also been explored critically.
Are we measuring loneliness in the same way in men and women in the general population and in the older population? Two studies of measurement equivalence.
Authors: Pollet Thomas Victor , Thompson Alexandra , Malcolm Connor , McCarty Kris , Saxton Tamsin , Roberts Sam G. B.
Published: June 2021

Background: High levels of loneliness are associated with negative health outcomes and there are several different types of interventions targeted at reducing feelings of loneliness. It is therefore important to accurately measure loneliness. A key unresolved debate in the conceptualisation and measurement of loneliness is whether it has a unidimensional or multidimensional structure. The aim of this study was to examine the dimensional structure of the widely used UCLA Loneliness Scale and establish whether this factorial structure is equivalent in men and women. Methods and Sample: Two online UK-based samples were recruited using Prolific. The participants in Study 1 were 492 adults, selected to be nationally representative by age and gender, whilst the participants in Study 2 were 290 older adults aged over 64. In both studies, participants completed the UCLA Loneliness Scale (Version 3) as part of a larger project. Results: In both studies, the best fitting model was one with three factors corresponding to ‘Isolation’, ‘Relational Connectedness’, and ‘Collective Connectedness’. A unidimensional single factor model was a substantially worse fit in both studies. In both studies, there were no meaningful differences between men and women in any of the three factors, suggesting measurement invariance across genders. Conclusion: These results are consistent with previous research in supporting a multidimensional, three factor structure to the UCLA scale, rather than a unidimensional structure. Further, the measurement invariance across genders suggests that the UCLA scale can be used to compare levels of loneliness across men and women. Overall the results suggest that loneliness has different facets and thus future research should consider treating the UCLA loneliness scale as a multidimensional scale, or using other scales which are designed to measure the different aspects of loneliness.
Determining Negligible Associations in Regression (Alter & Counsell, 2021)
Authors: Alter Udi , Counsell Alyssa
Published: June 2021

Psychological research is rife with inappropriately concluding “no effect” between predictors and outcome in regression models following statistically nonsignificant results. However, this approach is methodologically flawed because failing to reject the null hypothesis using traditional, difference-based tests does not mean the null is true. Using this approach leads to high rates of incorrect conclusions that flood psychological literature. This paper introduces a novel, methodologically sound alternative. In this paper, we demonstrate how an equivalence testing approach can be applied to multiple regression (which we refer to here as “negligible effect testing”) to evaluate whether a predictor (measured in standardized or unstandardized units) has a negligible association with the outcome. In the first part of the paper, we evaluate the performance of two equivalence-based techniques and compared them to the traditional, difference-based test via a Monte Carlo simulation study. In the second part of the paper, we use examples from the literature to illustrate how researchers can implement the recommended negligible effect testing methods in their own work using open-access and user-friendly tools (negligible R package and Shiny app). Finally, we discuss how to report and interpret results from negligible effect testing and provide practical recommendations for best research practices based on the simulation results. All materials, including R code, results, and additional resources, are publicly available on the Open Science Framework (OSF): https://osf.io/w96xe/.
Expectations of objective threats and aversive feelings in specific fears
Authors: Elsey James , Kindt Merel
Published: June 2021

Mistaken beliefs about danger posed by feared stimuli are considered a key factor causing and maintaining fears. Such beliefs are intriguing because many fearful people express them, but acknowledge they are untrue in reality. While previous research indicates fearful individuals may not wholly endorse their beliefs about objective threats (e.g., the spider will bite), expectations of negative subjective consequences (e.g., I will feel terrible) are also likely to be important. We investigated the extent to which participants’ expectations of objective and subjective threats were sensitive to manipulations that encouraged them to consider whether their expectations were likely to happen in reality. Across five online experiments (N = 560, or 727 with more liberal inclusion criteria), such manipulations produced lower expectancy ratings for objective but not subjective threats (versus participants who gave ratings without the manipulation). Most participants reported that anticipation of negative feelings was more concerning than actual danger. Hence, numerous fear-relevant expectations about objective threat – considered central in understanding why people are irrationally afraid – respond to small cognitive manipulations. Additionally, expectations of negative subjective experiences during fear-provoking encounters appear to be more consistently endorsed, and feature prominently in fearful individuals’ concerns about what will happen in a fear-relevant situation.
Εισαγωγή στη Θεωρία και Μεθοδολογία της Γνωσιακής Επιστήµης
Authors: Protopapas Athanassios
Published: June 2021

Class notes (in Greek; 3rd revision, corrected) for course "Introduction to the theory and methodology of cognitive science" taught at the Cognitive Science graduate program at the University of Athens, Greece. Contains the following sections: (1) Introduction; (2) Theoretical approaches (classical/symbolic, connectionist, dynamic, embodied, Bayesian, evolutionary); (3) Methodological approaches (cognitive psychology, neuroscience, linguistics, philosophy); (4) Computational modeling (ACT-R, tlearn).
W.B. Yeats and the Delegated Voice:The Words upon the Window-PaneandA Full Moon in March
Authors: Stafford Ryan
Published: June 2021

This article uses the concept of phonography, defined as the representation of sonic events, to examine two of W.B. Yeats’s later plays, The Words upon the Window-Pane and A Full Moon in March. Each of these plays allegorizes its own genesis as a phonographic artwork, a sonic inscription designed to transmit the author’s voice. By asking whether text can serve as a conduit, they provide ample evidence of Yeats’s attachment to phonocentric thought. The Words anticipates Roland Barthes’s pronouncements on “the death of the author” by pessimistically deconstructing Yeats’s own phonocentric position. Its centrepiece is a corrupted séance that functions as a travesty of the play itself, enacting a mechanical medium through a spiritualist medium who seems to relay a recording of the voice of Jonathan Swift. While The Words registers a host of anxieties about mediation, social degeneration, and nullified authority, A Full Moon reconciles voice and inscription in the symbol of the singing severed head. This reconciliation is allegorized as a sacred marriage, a scripted ritual that involves an execution by beheading. The head’s song, which can be read as Yeats’s figure for the phonographic inscription, represents the magically immediate transmission of the poet’s voice to a posthumous audience.
Oxygen Permeability and Its Role in Governing Life of YbDS Environmental Barrier Coatings
Authors: Singh Sonia , Nganbe Michel , Chen Kuiying
Published: June 2021

The growth kinetics of thermally grown oxide (TGO) silica in Yb-disilicate (YbDS) environmental barrier coatings (EBCs) significantly affects the durability of EBCs. The oxygen permeability can control the TGO growth kinetics and thus could play an essential role in determining EBCs life. Therefore, the oxygen permeability constant of YbDS and TGO is systematically evaluated and quantified in terms of thermodynamics using defect reactions and the parabolic rate constant (kp), respectively. Dry oxygen and wet oxygen conditions as well as different temperatures, partial pressures and top coat modifiers are investigated. The results offer evidence that the oxygen permeability constant for the YbDS top coat is an order of magnitude higher than for the TGO. As such, the TGO hinders the oxidant diffusion stronger, proving to be the diffusion rate controlling layer. Moreover, water vapor strongly increases the oxygen permeability with defect reactions playing a key role. It is suggested that the mass transfer through the top coat is primarily by outward ytterbium ion diffusion and inward oxygen ion movement, with the latter being dominant, particularly in wet environments. The effect of top coat modifiers on oxidant permeation is composition sensitive and seems to be related to their interaction with oxygen ions and their mobility.
Latest Innovation in Masking Solutions
Authors: Kapur Jay , Leroy Francois
Published: June 2021

Masking solutions for parts needing special treatments such as shot peening, grit blasting or thermal spray are now commonly used in industrial processes for the aerospace, industrial gas turbine, and medical industries. The ever-evolving special treatment methods require adapting the masking solutions so they retain their efficiency and quality level. This paper will describe the choices made in combining materials, geometry and surface finish of the masks to provide the necessary compliance with the thermal spraying processes or other special treatment requirements. We will demonstrate that successful masking designs are often the result of close collaboration between the operator’s engineering team and the masking solutions provider in order to comply with what is always a bespoke process. Innovations in materials and additive manufacturing enable the process towards tailored solutions which enable these industries to increase their productivity and level of manufacturing quality.
Mechanical and Fatigue Properties of Diamond Reinforced Cu and Al Metal Matrix Composites Prepared by Cold Spray
Authors: Kovarik O. , Cizek J. , Yin S. , Lupoi R. , Janovska M. , Capek J. , Siegl J. , Chraska T.
Published: June 2021

Diamond-reinforced composites prepared by cold spray are emerging materials simultaneously featuring outstanding thermal conductivity and wear resistance. Their mechanical and fatigue properties relevant to perspective engineering applications were investigated using miniature bending specimens. Cold sprayed specimens with two different mass concentrations of diamond 20% and 50% in two metallic matrices (Al – lighter than diamond, Cu – heavier than diamond) were compared with the respective pure metal deposits. These pure metal coatings showed rather limited ductility. The diamond addition slightly improved ductility and fracture toughness of the Cu-based composites, having a small effect also on the fatigue crack growth resistance. In case of the Al composites, the ductility as well as fatigue crack growth resistance and fracture toughness have improved significantly. The static and fatigue failure mechanisms were fractographically analyzed and related to the microstructure of the coatings, observing that particle decohesion is the primary failure mechanism for both static and fatigue fracture.
Metallurgical Approach for the Development of Heat Treatment Applied to 316L Stainless Steel Cold Spray Coatings
Authors: Brassart Laury-Hann , Gourgues-Lorenzon Anne-Françoise , Besson Jacques , Delloro Francesco , Haboussa David , Rolland Gilles
Published: June 2021

Industries developing cold-spray processes aim at producing dense and resistant coatings. Controlling microstructure and inter-particular fracture characteristics of sprayed coatings is essential to improve their properties. To do so, post-spraying heat treatment is a promising approach. This work addresses the development of such heat treatments and focuses on the analysis of recovery and recrystallization. Different heat treatment parameters were explored, namely, holding temperature and time, heating rate, and heating method. This approach revealed a competition between recrystallization and other microstructural evolution mechanisms, such as precipitation and porosity coalescence. An optimized heat treatment, allowing microstructural softening and adequate mechanical properties, was sought after. First, differential scanning calorimetry measurements applied to as-sprayed coatings enabled to identify recovery and recrystallization temperature ranges. Then, a variety of heat treatments was applied, involving long-time isothermal holdings as well as shorter cycles. Microstructure analysis and hardness measurements allowed making a first selection of treatment conditions.