bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Primary care providers' awareness and utilization of survivorship care plans.
Authors: Rosales Alicia R. , Schaal Tina , Darland Shelby , Zuckerman Dan Sayam
Published: March 2017

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Background: The Commission on Cancer (CoC) standard 3.3 requires that all patients who complete cancer treatment receive a survivorship care plan (SCP). To aid in care coordination, the standard also requires that the SCP be provided to the patient’s primary care provider (PCP). St. Luke’s Mountain States Institute (MSTI) has been providing patients and PCPs with SCPs for more than 5 years. Other local accredited cancer centers also provide SCPs for their patients. Methods: In partnership with the local chapter of the American Cancer Society, MSTI created an online survey aimed at assessing the utilization of the SCP in primary care clinics and the PCP’s comfort level carrying out the recommended surveillance. The survey link was distributed through email to approximately 300 PCPs across a large geographical area in varying sized practices. Results: Sixty three responses were received in 3 weeks with 46 responses from physicians and 17 responses from advanced practice providers. All of the respondents said they care for cancer survivors in their practice but 54% have never received a SCP. Twenty nine reported having received a SCP and answered 8 questions related to how they use the SCP in practice. The majority refer to the SCP to monitor for recurrence and 52% use it as a tool for coordination of care. Forty eight percent use the SCP to manage co-morbid conditions. Ninety-five percent of all respondents indicated they feel comfortable carrying out a surveillance plan provided by the oncologist for patients 2 years out from treatment. Sixty-four percent indicated they would like additional education about caring for cancer survivors. A common theme in comments included the desire for improved communication between the oncologists and PCPs. Conclusions: This standard was created in part to improve care coordination between oncologists and PCPs. More than have of the PCPs in the MSTI service area have not seen a SCP for their patients. Most indicated they are comfortable providing surveillance if they have a clear follow-up care plan from the oncologist. More than half want additional information about caring for cancer survivors. Future exploration could include assessment of barriers to communication and utilizing the SCP in practice.
Barriers to Scale of Digital Health Systems for Cancer Care and Control in Last-Mile Settings
Authors: Bhatt Shreya , Evans Jay , Gupta Sanchay
Published: March 2017

The growing cancer epidemic is a major public health challenge globally but especially in low- and middle-income countries where patients often have to make long and complex journeys to receive care. Extending cancer prevention, diagnosis, and treatment to low- and middle-income countries through innovative solutions such as digital health systems is an urgent health priority. We contend that such digital systems will achieve success and scale only when existing gaps in cancer care and control policies and practices are addressed to strengthen health systems and improve outcomes. We call for concerted action to focus on the effective implementation of cancer care and control policies and practice in last-mile settings to improve pathways to care for people with and at risk for cancer.
Gastric Fluid Volume Change After Oral Rehydration Solution Intake in Morbidly Obese and Normal Controls: A Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Based Analysis
Authors: Shiraishi Toshie , Kurosaki Dai , Nakamura Mitsuyo , Yazaki Taiji , Kobinata Satomi , Seki Yosuke , Kasama Kazunori , Taniguchi Hideki
Published: March 2017

BACKGROUND:

Although preoperative fluid intake 2 hours before anesthesia is generally considered safe, there are concerns about delayed gastric emptying in obese subjects. In this study, the gastric fluid volume (GFV) change in morbidly obese subjects was investigated after ingesting an oral rehydration solution (ORS) and then compared with that in nonobese subjects.

METHODS:

GFV change over time after the ingestion of 500 mL of ORS containing 2.5% carbohydrate (OS-1) was measured in 10 morbidly obese subjects (body mass index [BMI], >35) scheduled for bariatric surgery and 10 nonobese (BMI, 19–24) using magnetic resonance imaging. After 9 hours of fasting, magnetic resonance imaging scans were performed at preingestion, 0 min (just after ingestion), and every 30 minutes up to 120 minutes. GFV values were compared between morbidly obese and control groups and also between preingestion and postingestion time points.

RESULTS:

The morbidly obese group had a significantly higher body weight and BMI than the control group (mean body weight and BMI in morbidly obese, 129.6 kg and 46.3 kg/m2, respectively; control, 59.5 kg and 21.6 kg/m2, respectively). GFV was significantly higher in the morbidly obese subjects compared with the control group at preingestion (73 ± 30.8 mL vs 31 ± 19.9 mL, P = .001) and at 0 minutes after ingestion (561 ± 30.8 mL vs 486 ± 42.8 mL; P < .001). GFV declined rapidly in both groups and reached fasting baseline levels by 120 minutes (morbidly obese, 50 ± 29.5 mL; control, 30 ± 11.6 mL). A significant correlation was observed between preingestion residual GFV and body weight (r = .66; P = .001).

CONCLUSIONS:

Morbidly obese subjects have a higher residual gastric volume after 9 hours of fasting compared with subjects with a normal BMI. However, no differences were observed in gastric emptying after ORS ingestion in the 2 populations, and GFVs reached baseline within 2 hours after ORS ingestion. Further studies are required to confirm whether the preoperative fasting and fluid management that are recommended for nonobese patients could also be applied to morbidly obese patients.
Therapeutic Plasma Transfusion in Bleeding Patients: A Systematic Review
Authors: Levy Jerrold H. , Grottke Oliver , Fries Dietmar , Kozek-Langenecker Sibylle
Published: March 2017

Plasma products, including fresh frozen plasma, are administered extensively in a variety of settings from massive transfusion to vitamin K antagonist reversal. Despite the widespread use of plasma as a hemostatic agent in bleeding patients, its effect in comparison with other available choices of hemostatic therapies is unclear. We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE, PubMed Central, and databases of ongoing trials for randomized controlled trials that assessed the efficacy and/or safety of therapeutic plasma as an intervention to treat bleeding patients compared with other interventions or placebo. Of 1243 unique publications retrieved in our initial search, no randomized controlled trials were identified. Four nonrandomized studies described the effect of therapeutic plasma in bleeding patients; however, data gathered from these studies did not allow for comparison with other therapeutic interventions primarily as a result of the low number of patients and the use of different (or lack of) comparators. We identified two ongoing trials investigating the efficacy and safety of therapeutic plasma, respectively; however, no data have been released as yet. Although plasma is used extensively in the treatment of bleeding patients, evidence from randomized controlled trials comparing its effect with those of other therapeutic interventions is currently lacking.
The Postmasters' Piggy Bank
Authors: Ahrendt Rebekah , Van der Linden David
Published: March 2017

Our rediscovery of a seventeenth-century postmasters' trunk in the Museum voor Communicatie in The Hague, containing some twenty-six hundred undelivered letters mostly sent from France, offers the opportunity to think from the ground up about what constitutes an archive and how to approach it. We argue that understanding the process of loss, destruction, and survival of collections is a crucial exercise for historians. Practicing this “archaeology of the archive” makes us keenly aware that the questions we ask are often dictated by the genesis and structure of the archive. Although document survival is often the result of intentional safekeeping, in other cases it can be attributed to sheer accident. Addressing questions of materiality, mobility, and preservation, this article explores the notion of the “accidental archive” to consider what best practices should be developed to ensure responsible access to this unique collection.

Notre redécouverte d'un coffre postal du dix-septième siècle au Museum voor Communicatie à La Haye, contenant quelque 2 600 lettres au rebut envoyées principalement de France, offre l'occasion de repenser ce que constituent les archives et comment il faut les aborder. Nous soutenons que comprendre les processus de perte, de destruction et de survie des collections est un exercice crucial pour les historiens. Pratiquer cette « archéologie de l'archive » nous rappelle vivement que les questions que l'on pose sont souvent dictées par la genèse et la structure accidentelles des archives. Car, bien que la survie documentaire soit souvent le résultat d'un geste de conservation intentionnelle, dans d'autres cas elle peut être attribuée au pur hasard. En abordant des questions de matérialité, de mobilité et de préservation, cet article explore la notion des « archives accidentelles » afin de considérer les meilleures pratiques à développer pour assurer un accès responsable à cette collection unique.
Sex in the Archives
Authors: Ross Andrew Israel
Published: March 2017

The Archives de la Préfecture de Police de Paris have served as an important source base for historians of both female prostitution and male homosexuality during the nineteenth century. Although the archives often place these two forms of sexual marginality in the same series, cartons, and dossiers, historians have almost always treated the two as distinct social categories. This article argues that this separation results from an overreliance on the modern sexual identity categories that serve as our point of departure. Instead, we should approach the archive without identifying with it in order to formulate a vision of the sexual past that may or may not reflect our own sexual organization. In dialogue with a broader discourse that conflated male same-sex sexual activity with female prostitution, these archives participate in the production of a sexual category that has as much to do with the selling of sex as it does with same-sex sexual desire.

Les historiens de la prostitution féminine et de l'homosexualité masculine au dix-neuvième siècle ont abondamment utilisé les archives de la Préfecture de police de Paris. Bien que les archives situent souvent de ces deux formes de marginalité sexuelle dans les mêmes séries, cartons, et dossiers, les historiens les ont presque toujours traitées comme des catégories sociales distinctes. Le présent article affirme que cette séparation repose sur une dépendance des catégories qui fournissent le point de départ des enquêtes historiques. Le refus de s'identifier à l'archive est une étape nécessaire pour formuler une vision du passé sexuel qui peut—ou pas—refléter notre propre organisation sexuelle. En dialogue avec un discours combinant les activités sexuelles entre hommes avec la prostitution féminine, ces archives participent en effet à la production d'une catégorie sexuelle qui a autant à voir avec le commerce du sexe qu'avec le désir homosexuel.
The Liberation of Paper
Authors: Steinlight Alexandra
Published: March 2017

This article explores narratives of documentary destruction and salvaging during France's Liberation, a moment of uncertain sovereignty over institutions and their material traces. As archival functionaries and government officials sought to uncover and process the paper trail of Vichy and the Occupation, they also confronted urgent questions about administrative continuity as well as legal and moral responsibility. Control over the mass of bureaucratic paper produced between 1940 and 1944, this article suggests, functioned as a critical site of contestation and as a source of legitimacy during the transfer of power. The experience of the war and its aftermath also led France's archivists to discover the practical and symbolic importance of the contemporary administrative document, transforming their professional practices and institutionalizing a new category of historical time. The relationship between state authority and the archive, often regarded as mutually constitutive, emerges in this account as inherently unstable.

Cet article interroge des récits de destruction et de récupération de documents au cours de la Libération, à un moment de souveraineté incertaine sur les institutions et leurs traces matérielles. Tandis que les fonctionnaires d'archives et les responsables gouvernementaux cherchaient à dénicher et à traiter la trace écrite de Vichy et de l'Occupation, ils se trouvaient également confrontés à des questions pressantes concernant la continuité administrative et la responsabilité juridique et morale. Cet article suggère que la masse de documents produits entre 1940 et 1944 a été à la fois objet de contestation et source de légitimité pendant le transfert du pouvoir. L'expérience de la guerre et ses conséquences ont aussi amené les archivistes à découvrir l'importance pratique et symbolique des documents administratifs contemporains, transformant leurs pratiques professionnelles et instaurant une nouvelle catégorie de temporalité historique. La relation entre l'archive et l'autorité de l'Etat, souvent considérées comme mutuellement constitutives, se révèle dans cette étude comme intrinsèquement instable.
Characterization of E3 ligases involved in lysosomal sorting of the HIV-1 restriction factor BST2
Authors: Roy Nicolas , Pacini Grégory , Berlioz-Torrent Clarisse , Janvier Katy
Published: March 2017

The cellular protein BST2 (also known as tetherin) acts as a major intrinsic antiviral protein that prevents the release of enveloped viruses by trapping nascent viral particles at the surface of infected cells. Viruses have evolved specific strategies to displace BST2 from viral budding sites in order to promote virus egress. In HIV-1, the accessory protein Vpu counters BST2 antiviral activity and promotes sorting of BST2 for lysosomal degradation. Vpu increases polyubiquitylation of BST2, a post-translation modification required for Vpu-induced BST2 downregulation, through recruitment of the E3 ligase complex SCF adaptors β-TrCP1 and β-TrCP2 (two isoforms encoded by BTRC and FBXW11, respectively). Herein, we further investigate the role of the ubiquitylation machinery in the lysosomal sorting of BST2. Using a small siRNA screen, we highlighted two additional regulators of BST2 constitutive ubiquitylation and sorting to the lysosomes: the E3 ubiquitin ligases NEDD4 and MARCH8. Interestingly, Vpu does not hijack the cellular machinery that is constitutively involved in BST2 ubiquitylation to sort BST2 for degradation in the lysosomes but instead promotes the recognition of BST2 by β-TrCP proteins. Altogether, our results provide further understanding of the mechanisms underlying BST2 turnover in cells.
Chloroplast behaviour and interactions with other organelles in Arabidopsis thaliana pavement cells
Authors: Barton Kiah A. , Wozny Michael R. , Mathur Neeta , Jaipargas Erica-Ashley , Mathur Jaideep
Published: March 2017

Chloroplasts are a characteristic feature of green plants. Mesophyll cells possess the majority of chloroplasts and it is widely believed that, with the exception of guard cells, the epidermal layer in most higher plants does not contain chloroplasts. However, recent observations on Arabidopsis thaliana have shown a population of chloroplasts in pavement cells that are smaller than mesophyll chloroplasts and have a high stroma to grana ratio. Here, using stable transgenic lines expressing fluorescent proteins targeted to the plastid stroma, plasma membrane, endoplasmic reticulum, tonoplast, nucleus, mitochondria, peroxisomes, F-actin and microtubules, we characterize the spatiotemporal relationships between the pavement cell chloroplasts (PCCs) and their subcellular environment. Observations on the PCCs suggest a source–sink relationship between the epidermal and the mesophyll layers, and experiments with the Arabidopsis mutants glabra2 (gl2) and immutans (im), which show altered epidermal plastid development, underscored their developmental plasticity. Our findings lay down the foundation for further investigations aimed at understanding the precise role and contributions of PCCs in plant interactions with the environment.
Glutamate plasticity woven through the progression to alcohol use disorder: a multi-circuit perspective
Authors: Hwa Lara , Besheer Joyce , Kash Thomas
Published: March 2017

Glutamate signaling in the brain is one of the most studied targets in the alcohol research field. Here, we report the current understanding of how the excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate, its receptors, and its transporters are involved in low, episodic, and heavy alcohol use. Specific animal behavior protocols can be used to assess these different drinking levels, including two-bottle choice, operant self-administration, drinking in the dark, the alcohol deprivation effect, intermittent access to alcohol, and chronic intermittent ethanol vapor inhalation. Importantly, these methods are not limited to a specific category, since they can be interchanged to assess different states in the development from low to heavy drinking. We encourage a circuit-based perspective beyond the classic mesolimbic-centric view, as multiple structures are dynamically engaged during the transition from positive- to negative-related reinforcement to drive alcohol drinking. During this shift from lower-level alcohol drinking to heavy alcohol use, there appears to be a shift from metabotropic glutamate receptor-dependent behaviors to N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-related processes. Despite high efficacy of the glutamate-related pharmaceutical acamprosate in animal models of drinking, it is ineffective as treatment in the clinic. Therefore, research needs to focus on other promising glutamatergic compounds to reduce heavy drinking or mediate withdrawal symptoms or both.
The analysis of the phenomenon of violence in psychiatric patients
Authors: Masna Barbara , Giezek Marta , Ciechowicz Jacek , Zabielska Paulina , Bażydło Marta , Tomczak Joanna , Paszkiewicz Monika , Safranow Krzysztof , Karakiewicz Beata
Published: March 2017

Cel pracy

Przemoc w rodzinie jest zjawiskiem wynikającym z wielu problemów społecznych. Jednym z nich budzącym duże zainteresowanie są zachowania osób stosujących przemoc w rodzinie, leczonych psychiatrycznie. Celem pracy była analiza zjawiska przemocy w odniesieniu do sprawców leczonych psychiatrycznie na terenie Szczecina w latach 2012-2013 i wykazanie, że funkcjonujące w społeczeństwie przekonania na temat agresji osób leczonych psychiatrycznie nie znajdują potwierdzenia w stanie faktycznym.

Metoda

Badania przeprowadzono w oparciu o przygotowane narzędzie badawcze sporządzone na podstawie kwestionariusza ,,Niebieskie Karty”- część A. Do zgromadzenia danych wykorzystano metodę analizy dokumentów – ankiety. Grupę badawczą stanowiło 141 osób leczonych psychiatrycznie, stosujących przemoc wobec dorosłych, którym została założona Niebieska Karta. Osoby te poddano próbie badawczej w odniesieniu do płci, wieku i form stosowanej przemocy.

Wyniki

Otrzymane dane nie potwierdzają powszechnego przekonania, że osoby leczone psychiatrycznie, wykazują się zwiększoną agresją. Najczęściej osoby stosujące przemoc to mężczyźni, a z form przemocy fizycznej najwięcej sprawców stosowało uderzanie i popychanie. W formach przemocy psychicznej najwięcej sprawców przyznawało się do poniżania, krytykowania oraz niepokojenia swoich ofiar. Innych rodzajów zachowań spośród osób stosujących przemoc, leczonych psychiatrycznie aż 96 osób przyznało, że stosowało groźby karalne i znieważenie, a niszczenie i uszkodzenie mienia 71 osób.

Wnioski

Z dokonanej analizy wynika, że niewielki odsetek wśród osób stosujących przemoc stanowią osoby leczone psychiatrycznie. Uzyskane wyniki pokazują, że do aktów przemocy stosowanej wobec osób dorosłych, przez osoby leczone psychiatrycznie dochodzi przez wiele lat, nie są to akty jednorazowe, a sprawcami przemocy są głównie mężczyźni w przedziałach wiekowych od 19 do 60 lat.
Cosearch Attention and Stock Return Predictability in Supply Chains
Authors: Agarwal Ashish , Leung Alvin Chung Man , Konana Prabhudev , Kumar Alok
Published: March 2017

The ability to make predictions based on online searches in various contexts is gaining substantial interest in both research and practice. This study investigates a novel application of correlated online searches in predicting stock performance across supply chain partners. If two firms are economically dependent through a supply chain relationship and if information related to both firms diffuses in the market slowly or rapidly, then our ability to predict stock returns increases or decreases, respectively. We use online cosearches of stock as a proxy for the extent of information diffusion across supply chain-related firms. We identify publicly traded supply chain partners using Bloomberg data and construct cosearch networks of supply chain partners based on the weekly coviewing pattern of these firms on Yahoo! Finance. Our analyses show that the cosearch intensity across supply chain partners helps determine cross-return predictability. When investors of a focal stock pay less attention to its supply chain partners, we can use lagged partner returns to predict the future return of the focal stock. When investors’ coattention to focal and partner stocks is high, the predictability is low. Our simulated trading strategy using returns of supply chain partners with low coattention generates a significant and positive return above the market returns and performs better than the previously established trading strategy using returns of all supply chain partners.

The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/isre.2016.0656 .
The role of alvimopan in reducing postoperative ileus after gastrointestinal resection
Authors: Davis Suja P
Published: March 2017

Opioid pain medications are commonly used for postoperative pain management after gastrointestinal surgery. As well as providing pain relief, opioids bind to the mu-opioid receptors of the gastrointestinal tract, which results in reduced gastrointestinal motility. Postoperative ileus is the term uses to describe the temporary interruption of intestinal activities after surgery. Alvimopan (Entereg) is a peripherally acting mu-opioid receptor antagonist that helps to reduce the loss of bowel function caused by opioids after surgery and prevent the development of postoperative ileus. Several studies have shown that the administration of alvimopan after gastrointestinal surgery results in faster gastrointestinal recovery and reduced length of hospital stay, intensive-care-unit admission and financial burden. Although alvimopan is licensed for use in the US, it is not yet licensed in the UK.
Making new associations
Authors: Harrison Penny
Published: March 2017

Penny Harrison, Senior Lecturer in Adult Nursing at De Montfort University, Leicester, discusses the launch of the new nursing associate programme
Going bananas!
Authors: Hewson Claire
Published: March 2017

As a popular snack, bananas are the perfect starting point for children to explore how foods make the journey to their plate. Help them to discover fun facts and develop an awareness of ethical sourcing.
My favourite things
Authors: Clarke Jenni
Published: March 2017

Creating opportunities for children to express their personal preferences is a great way to extend their speaking and listening skills. Begin by talking about something they already know and like.
Character over concept: Writing dialogue in search of story
Authors: Greens Robert
Published: March 2017

Screenwriting manuals such as McKee’s Story (1999) or Snyder’s Save the Cat! (2005) uniformly instruct the writer to begin their work by defining a concept; from this, they will develop a structure and build the rest of the story. These manuals and their methods dominate in higher education and in the film industry. However, their methods’ overreliance on structuring the writing process may be at the detriment of considering more creative approaches to building a story. One such approach, criticized by McKee in Story, is writing dialogue in search of a story. Using interviews from Noah Baumbach, his collaborators, and other mainstream screenwriters, alongside my observations from my own writing and from teaching screenwriting, this article argues for the importance of allowing a screenplay to develop through writing dialogue in search of scenes, characters and story. It proposes that this method can enhance the quality of the individual character voice, form a stronger basis to structure a plot based on the development of characters, and enhance the reflective and creative skills required to complete a screenplay.
‘Dramatic tone’ as the emotional core of a screenplay: The case of The Diving Bell and the Butterfly (2007)
Authors: Braga Paolo
Published: March 2017

This article delves into the topic of the central emotion within a screenplay, and the extent to which it can grant the work coherence. It will demonstrate that the emotional core of the story consists in the profound, extended emotion that stems directly from its main theme. It will make these arguments by analysing the screenplay for Julian Schnabel’s The Diving bell and the Butterfly (2007), the screen adaptation of Jean-Dominique Bauby’s memoir regarding his experience of ‘locked-in’ syndrome. As Ronald Harwood’s screenplay changes the thematic focus of the original novel, comparing the two texts reveals how different themes invoke different fundamental emotions. The article, drawing especially on the narrative theory developed in the screenwriting textbooks by Robert McKee (1997) and John Truby (2007), elaborates on an issue that has been ignored by other analyses of the movie: from the open-ended story of self-reflection that is told in the book, Harwood gets a closeended story of rebirth. The article highlights how the tension towards the protagonist’s internal goal determines the emotional nucleus of the plot. It also suggests that the emotional core is informed by ‘dramatic tone’ and argues that it consists in the ‘desire of justice’ regarding the main character’s destiny.
Reviews
Authors: Brenes Carmen Sofía , McIntyre Mhairi , Maslowska Monika
Published: March 2017

THE STORY OF THE MEXICAN SCREENPLAY: A STUDY OF THE INVISIBLE ART FORM AND INTERVIEWS WITH WOMEN SCREENWRITERS, MARÍA TERESA DEPAOLI (2014) New York: Peter Lang Publishing, 117 pp., ISBN: 9781454195214, e-Book, £26.00; ISBN: 9781433110344, p/bk, £26.00; ISBN: 9781433123818, h/bk, £104.00

ON STORY: SCREENWRITERS AND THEIR CRAFT, BARBARA MORGAN AND MAYA PEREZ (2013) Austin: University of Texas Press, 177 pp., ISBN: 9780292754607, p/bk, $19.95

FILM GENRE FOR THE SCREENWRITER, JULE SELBO (2014) Oxon: Routledge, 339 pp., ISBN: 9781138020832, p/bk, £30.99; ISBN: 9781138020818, h/bk, £95.00
Association between sleep quality and obesity in adolescents
Authors: Sagala Nova juliana , Sofyani Sri , Supriatmo Supriatmo
Published: March 2017

Background Sleep quality can be measured by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). One component of the PSQI is duration of sleep, which is often highly inadequate in adolescents. Inadequate sleep may lead to obesity in adolescents.Objective To assess for an association between sleep quality and incidence of obesity in adolescents.Methods This case–control study was conducted at Santo Thomas I Senior High School, Medan, North Sumatera,  from July to August 2015. A total of 227 adolescents were divided into two groups: the case group consisting of 101 obese adolescents and the control group consisting of 126 non-obese adolescents. Study data was collected by questionnaires and PSQI. We interviewed subjects on their food consumption for the three days prior and calculated their average caloric intake. The data were analyzed by non-paired T-test, Chi-square, Mann-Whitney, and multivariate analyses.Results There was a significant association between sleep quality and obesity [OR 3.87 (95%CI 1.920 to 7.829)]. Median PSQI (range) score in the obese group was significantly higher than in the non-obese group [6.00 (2-16) vs. 5.00 (2-12), respectively (P=0.0001)]. In addition, sleep latency (P=0.002) and sleep duration (P=0.0001) were significantly different between groups. Multivariate analysis revealed a significant association between poor sleep quality and high caloric intake.Conclusion Sleep duration in obese adolescents is significantly shorter than that in non-obese adolescents. In addition, sleep latency in obese adolescents was significantly longer than that in non-obese adolescents.
Piteco e as estratégias de leitura: um diálogo entre o estudo da língua e a filosofia
Authors: Araújo Roberto Pinheiro , Ohuschi Márcia Cristina Greco
Published: March 2017

Platão, filósofo grego que viveu nos séc. V-IV a.C., foi um dos pensadores a expor o entendimento da realidade em termos duais. Muito é debatido sobre suas ideias em filmes, livros e quadrinhos. No ensino de filosofia grega e, mais especificamente, dos conceitos platônicos, na escola, sempre figura o mito da caverna, segmento do livro mais importante do filósofo ateniense, A República. Devido à sua importância para a humanidade, adotamos, para o trabalho didático, o capítulo VII do livro de Platão, no qual figura a alegoria da caverna, revisitada por Maurício de Souza em uma história em quadrinhos do personagem Piteco. O foco deste trabalho, contudo, não é a filosofia, mas as estratégias de leitura que construímos ao longo do processo de interação com o texto. Portanto, nosso objetivo é ampliar, a partir da narrativa de Piteco, o conhecimento acerca das estratégias de compreensão leitora: seleção, antecipação, verificação e inferência. Para tanto, adotamos como método a leitura segmentada com o intuito de demonstrar como operam as estratégias durante o processamento textual. Ao final, apresentamos sugestões para o trabalho com a história em quadrinho na sala de aula, com atividades que apontam o antes, o durante e o depois da leitura. A pesquisa está embasada na concepção dialógica da linguagem expressa por Bakhtin/Volochinov (1992) e nos estudos realizados por Solé (1998) e Menegassi (2005) a respeito das habilidades fundamentais que possibilitam a formação e desenvolvimento de um leitor crítico e competente.
Fortalecimento de letramentos de professoras: um estudo no Mestrado Profissional em Letras
Authors: Silva Wagner Rodrigues
Published: March 2017

Investigamos o fortalecimento de práticas de letramento de uma turma de professoras matriculadas no Mestrado Profissional em Letras (PROFLETRAS), a partir de um trabalho pedagógico orientado pelas abordagens do letramento científico e do professor. Esta pesquisa se caracteriza como um estudo de caso, e os principais dados investigados são relatos escritos de experiências sobre práticas escolares de produção textual escrita, desenvolvidas pelas próprias autoras dos relatos em escolas de ensino básico. Os resultados mostram que as abordagens do letramento assumidas na formação docente provocaram um maior senso crítico das professoras. Isso também as levou a perceber as limitações produzidas pela recontextualização improdutiva de teorias linguísticas para aulas de Língua Portuguesa em escola de ensino básico.
É possível ensinar Literatura? - Questões para a docência
Authors: Ipiranga Sarah Diva da Silva , Albuquerque Valter De Araújo
Published: March 2017

A EJA, Educação de Jovens e Adultos, é um espaço particular dentro da educação brasileira e se apresenta com características bem peculiares, vinculadas, sobretudo, ao público a que atende, normalmente “exilados” do sistema tradicional de ensino. O trabalho com o texto literário na EJA, por sua vez, adquire também uma singularidade, visto que está inserido num conjunto maior de habilidades integradoras, que fazem o corpo norteador da Educação para Jovens e Adultos. Este trabalho, integrante das reflexões que o Mestrado Profissional em Letras (PROFLETRAS) possibilita, faz uma análise da função do texto literário num sistema de ensino que se quer diferenciado do padrão escolar seriado e apresentar reflexões e sugestões que possam contribuir para um avanço do estudo do texto literário visto como mediador de conhecimento e cidadania.
Peripheral venous congestion causes time‐ and dose‐dependent release of endothelin‐1 in humans
Authors: Lin Jeffrey , Chudasama Neelesh , Hayashi Yacki , Hawk Christopher , Ramnauth Sahadeo D. , Wong Ka Yuk , Harxhi Ante , Onat Duygu , Wakabayashi Michiyori , Uriel Nir , Jorde Ulrich P. , LeJemtel Thierry H. , Sabbah Hani N. , Demmer Ryan T. , Colombo Paolo C.
Published: March 2017

Endothelin‐1 (ET‐1) is a pivotal mediator of vasoconstriction and inflammation in congestive states such as heart failure (HF) and chronic kidney disease (CKD). Whether peripheral venous congestion (VC) increases plasma ET‐1 at pressures commonly seen in HF and CKD patients is unknown. We seek to characterize whether peripheral VC promotes time‐ and dose‐dependent increases in plasma ET‐1 and whether these changes are sustained after decongestion. We used a randomized, cross‐over design in 20 healthy subjects (age 30 ± 7 years). To experimentally model VC, venous pressure was increased to either 15 or 30 mmHg (randomized at first visit) above baseline by inflating a cuff around the subject's dominant arm; the nondominant arm served as a noncongested control. We measured plasma ET‐1 at baseline, after 20, 60 and 120 min of VC, and finally at 180 min (60 min after cuff release and decongestion). Plasma ET‐1 progressively and significantly increased over 120 min in the congested arm relative to the control arm and to baseline values. This effect was dose‐dependent: ET‐1 increased by 45% and 100% at VC doses of 15 and 30 mmHg, respectively (P < 0.05), and declined after 60 min of decongestion though remaining significantly elevated compared to baseline. In summary, peripheral VC causes time‐ and dose‐dependent increases in plasma ET‐1. Of note, the lower dose of 15 mmHg (more clinically relevant to HF and CKD patients) was sufficient to raise ET‐1. These findings support the potentially contributory, not merely consequential, role of VC in the pathophysiology of HF and CKD.
Mutual reinforcement of pathophysiological host‐microbe interactions in intestinal stasis models
Authors: Touw Ketrija , Ringus Daina L. , Hubert Nathaniel , Wang Yunwei , Leone Vanessa A. , Nadimpalli Anuradha , Theriault Betty R. , Huang Yong E. , Tune Johnathan D. , Herring Paul B. , Farrugia Gianrico , Kashyap Purna C. , Antonopoulos Dionysios A. , Chang Eugene B.
Published: March 2017

Chronic diseases arise when there is mutual reinforcement of pathophysiological processes that cause an aberrant steady state. Such a sequence of events may underlie chronic constipation, which has been associated with dysbiosis of the gut. In this study we hypothesized that assemblage of microbial communities, directed by slow gastrointestinal transit, affects host function in a way that reinforces constipation and further maintains selection on microbial communities. In our study, we used two models – an opioid‐induced constipation model in mice, and a humanized mouse model where germ‐free mice were colonized with stool from a patient with constipation‐predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS‐C) in humans. We examined the impact of pharmacologically (loperamide)‐induced constipation (PIC) and IBS‐C on the structural and functional profile of the gut microbiota. Germ‐free (GF) mice were colonized with microbiota from PIC donor mice and IBS‐C patients to determine how the microbiota affects the host. PIC and IBS‐C promoted changes in the gut microbiota, characterized by increased relative abundance of Bacteroides ovatus and Parabacteroides distasonis in both models. PIC mice exhibited decreased luminal concentrations of butyrate in the cecum and altered metabolic profiles of the gut microbiota. Colonization of GF mice with PIC‐associated mice cecal or human IBS‐C fecal microbiota significantly increased GI transit time when compared to control microbiota recipients. IBS‐C‐associated gut microbiota also impacted colonic contractile properties. Our findings support the concept that constipation is characterized by disease‐associated steady states caused by reinforcement of pathophysiological factors in host‐microbe interactions.
The normal ranges of cardiovascular parameters measured using the ultrasonic cardiac output monitor
Authors: Cattermole Giles N. , Leung P. Y. Mia , Ho Grace Y. L. , Lau Peach W. S. , Chan Cangel P. Y. , Chan Stewart S. W. , Smith Brendan E. , Graham Colin A. , Rainer Timothy H.
Published: March 2017

The ultrasonic cardiac output monitor (USCOM) is a noninvasive transcutaneous continuous wave Doppler method for assessing hemodynamics. There are no published reference ranges for normal values in adults (aged 18–60 years) for this device. This study aimed to (1) measure cardiovascular indices using USCOM in healthy adults aged 18–60 years; (2) combine these data with those for healthy children (aged 0–12), adolescents (aged 12–18), and the elderly (aged over 60) from our previously published studies in order to present normal ranges for all ages, and (3) establish normal ranges of USCOM‐derived variables according to both weight and age. This was a population‐based cross‐sectional observational study of healthy Chinese subjects aged 0.5–89 years in Hong Kong. USCOM scans were performed on all subjects, to produce measurements including stroke volume, cardiac output, and systemic vascular resistance. Data from previously published studies (children, adolescents, and the elderly) were included. Normal ranges were defined as lying between the 2.5th and 97.5th percentiles. A total of 2218 subjects were studied (mean age = 16.4, range = 0.5–89; 52% male). From previous studies, 1197 children (aged 0–12, 55% male), 590 adolescents (aged 12–18, 49% male), and 77 elderly (aged 60–89, 55% male) were included. New data were collected from 354 adults aged 18–60 (47% male). Normal ranges are presented according to age and weight. We present comprehensive normal ranges for hemodynamic parameters obtained with USCOM in healthy subjects of all ages from infancy to the elderly.
Regional differences in nutrient‐induced secretion of gut serotonin
Authors: Martin Alyce M. , Lumsden Amanda L. , Young Richard L. , Jessup Claire F. , Spencer Nick J. , Keating Damien J.
Published: March 2017

Enterochromaffin (EC) cells located in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract provide the vast majority of serotonin (5‐HT) in the body and constitute half of all enteroendocrine cells. EC cells respond to an array of stimuli, including various ingested nutrients. Ensuing 5‐HT release from these cells plays a diverse role in regulating gut motility as well as other important responses to nutrient ingestion such as glucose absorption and fluid balance. Recent data also highlight the role of peripheral 5‐HT in various pathways related to metabolic control. Details related to the manner by which EC cells respond to ingested nutrients are scarce and as that the nutrient environment changes along the length of the gut, it is unknown whether the response of EC cells to nutrients is dependent on their GI location. The aim of the present study was to identify whether regional differences in nutrient sensing capability exist in mouse EC cells. We isolated mouse EC cells from duodenum and colon to demonstrate differential responses to sugars depending on location. Measurements of intracellular calcium concentration and 5‐HT secretion demonstrated that colonic EC cells are more sensitive to glucose, while duodenal EC cells are more sensitive to fructose and sucrose. Short‐chain fatty acids (SCFAs), which are predominantly synthesized by intestinal bacteria, have been previously associated with an increase in circulating 5‐HT; however, we find that SCFAs do not acutely stimulate EC cell 5‐HT release. Thus, we highlight that EC cell physiology is dictated by regional location within the GI tract, and identify differences in the regional responsiveness of EC cells to dietary sugars.
Content of Ascorbic Acid in Common Cowslip (Primula veris L.) Compared to Common Food Plants and Orange Juices
Authors: Meos Andres , Zaharova Irina , Kask Marten , Raal Ain
Published: March 2017

Ascorbic acid is a well-known antioxidant found in plants. The content of ascorbic acid was assayed using a normal phase European Pharmacopoeia HPLC method for ascorbic acid in medicinal products. The content of ascorbic acid in herbs was calculated in % for absolutely dry drug. Ascorbic acid was not detected in the roots ofPrimula veris, in aerial parts it was detected in flowers (0.43 ± 0.034%), in blades (1.43 ± 0.11%) and petioles (1.56 ± 0.12%). In fresh leaves collected at weekly intervals the content of ascorbic acid varied from 1.19 to 2.39%, being highest from mid-May to mid-June. The fresh leaves contained 2.35 ± 0.18% of ascorbic acid and when frozen its content was quite stable for one year. The content of ascorbic acid in dried leaves decreased more than ten times in three months, in twelve months it was less than 1/20thof the initial level. Compared to the analyzed common fresh fruits and salads (n = 10) the fresh leaves of common cowslip contained considerably more ascorbic acid. Commercial orange juices could be recommended as the most convenient source of ascorbic acid (8.6–50.4 mg/100 ml); 1–5 glasses of orange juice could fulfill the recommended daily intake of vitamin C (60 mg).
The First Evidence of a Host-to-Parasite Mitochondrial Gene Transfer in Orobanchaceae
Authors: Kwolek Dagmara , Denysenko-Bennett Magdalena , Góralski Grzegorz , Cygan Magdalena , Mizia Patryk , Piwowarczyk Renata , Szklarczyk Marek , Joachimiak Andrzej J.
Published: March 2017

Several parasitic plants are known to have acquired mitochondrial genes via a horizontal transfer from their hosts. However, mitochondrial gene transfer in this direction has not yet been found in the parasite-rich family Orobanchaceae. Based on a phylogenetic analysis of the mitochondrialatp6gene in selected species ofOrobanches.l., we provide evidence of a host-to-parasite transfer of this gene inO. coerulescens, which is a Eurasiatic species that parasitisesArtemisia(Asteraceae). We did not find the originalOrobanche atp6gene in this species, which suggests that it has been replaced by a gene that was acquired from Asteraceae. In addition, our data suggest the occurrence of a second HGT event in theatp6sequence – from Asteraceae toPhelipanche. Our results support the view that the transfer of genetic material from hosts to parasites influences the mitochondrial genome evolution in the latter.
Response of Gas Exchange to Leaf Piercing Explained by Piecewise Linear Regression for Two Developmental Forms of Rape Plant (Brassica napus L. ssp. oleifera Metzg)
Authors: Wenda-Piesik Anna , Krzesiński Włodzimierz , Nowak Agnieszka , Kazek Maciej , Tomaszewska-Sowa Magdalena
Published: March 2017

Oilseed rape (Brassica napusL. ssp.oleiferaMetzg) was the subject of the study in two forms: wintercv. ‘Muller’ (at the rosette stage – the first internode BBCH 30 – 31) and springcv. ‘Feliks’ (at the yellow bud stage BBCH 59). The main gas-exchange parameters, net photosynthetic rate (PN), transpiration rate (E), stomatal conductance (gs), and intercellular CO2concentration (Ci) were measured on leaves prior to the piercing and immediately after the short-term piercing. The effect of mechanical wounding revealed different progress of the gas exchange process for the two forms. Piecewise linear regression with the breakpoint estimation showed that the plants at the same age but at a different vegetal stage, manage mechanical leaf-piercing differently. The differences concerned the stomatal conductance and transpiration changes since for rosette leaves the process consisted of five intervals with a uniform direction, while for stem leaves - of five intervals with a fluctuating direction. These parameters got stabilized within a similar time (220 mins) for both forms. The process of net photosynthetic rate was altered by the plant stages. ‘Muller’ plants at the rosette stage demonstrated dependence ofPNon time inlog-linear progression: y (PN) = 8.01 + 2.73 log10(x t2); 7 < t2< 220;R2= 0.96. For stem leaves of ‘Feliks’ plants the process of transpiration, in terms of directions, was convergent with the process of photosynthesis. Those two processes were synchronized from 1stto 114thmin of the test (r= 0.85;p< 0.001) in plants at the rosette stage and from 26thto 148thmin in stem leaves (r= 0.95;p< 0.001).
Numbers, distribution and nest site characteristics of Jackdaw Corvus monedula in Slovenia and its conservation status
Authors: Božič Luka
Published: March 2017

In 2008, a coordinated census of Jackdaw Corvus monedula was carried out to assess breeding population, distribution and nest site selection in Slovenia. Data collection continued for unsurveyed areas in the 2009-2011 period, including information on former colonies and threats. A total of 663-794 Jackdaw pairs were recorded at 86 sites, while total Slovene breeding population was estimated to be in the range of 700-900 pairs. Over one third of pairs were recorded in Central Slovenia, notably the largest city Ljubljana (20.8%), followed by almost a quarter in the Podravje region. Most colonies numbered between 2 and 5 pairs, the largest occupying the Bežigrad district of Ljubljana (82-87 pairs). Large-scale density in geographically more or less uniform areas ranged from 3.65 pairs/10 km2 in the Sava plain to 0.15 pairs/10 km2 in mostly mountainous area in northern Slovenia. The majority of Jackdaws selected buildings for nesting (82.2% of pairs), while nesting in trees occurred less frequently (14.7%) and was almost entirely confined to the two easternmost regions of Slovenia. Nesting in cliffs was recorded at just two sites in Slovene Istria (3.1%). Average colony size differed significantly in relation to nest site type, with colonies in rock walls being on average the largest (median = 9.5 pairs), followed by colonies on buildings (6) and those in trees the smallest (3). Among pairs nesting on buildings, multi-storey residential buildings predominated (34.2%). A substantial percentage of population nested also on churches and tower blocks (14.4% and 13.5%, respectively). The highest percentage of pairs utilised holes in roofs (26.9%), followed by eaves (18.0%) and chimney pots (14.7%). Tree-nesting pairs occupied mostly small woods situated in open agricultural landscape. The most commonly used tree species was Beech Fagus sylvatica (53.1% of pairs) which hosted 14 of the total 16 forest colonies. For Jackdaws nesting in urban parks and avenues, plane trees Platanus sp. were the most important (30.6% of pairs). Their population stronghold was in lowlands, with 88.1% of pairs recorded at elevations under 400 m and the highest living colony in Slovenia at 578 m a.s.l. Jackdaws occurred on at least 54 specific sites in the past but became extinct there or declined severely by the time of this study. A minimum of 217-254 pairs were estimated lost at these sites, constituting a decline of 24% in c. 10-20 years. According to the IUCN criteria, Jackdaw would qualify as Vulnerable (VU) on the Red List of Slovenia. The commonest known cause of extinction/decline is renovation of buildings, a threat that is projected to escalate in the near future.
The diet of the Mediterranean Shag Phalacrocorax aristotelis desmarestii roosting along the Slovenian coast
Authors: Lipej Lovrenc , Mavrič Borut , Odorico Roberto , Koce Urška
Published: March 2017

Five hundred pellets of the Mediterranean Shag Phalacrocorax aristotelis desmarestii were collected at three roost-sites along the Slovenian coast and analysed. The diet was characterized mostly by the dominance of bottom dwelling fish species of the appropriate size. The Black Goby Gobius niger was the most dominant prey and represented the Shag’s main prey in the studied area (IRI% = 64.0). The results of the study confirm that the Mediterranean Shag preys mainly on fish species which are without commercial value for local fisheries.