bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and Characterization of Peppermint Oil Loaded Complex Coacervates of Chitosan Phosphate/κ-Carrageenan and Evaluation of their Antibacterial Activity
Authors: Sarma A. , Rabha J. , Upadhyaya M. , Kakati D.K.
Published: December 2023

Peppermint oil has been in use as traditional medicine for several common ailments besides being used as flavourings in foods and beverages. Like other essential oils it is also susceptible to oxidative degradation on exposure to oxygen, light and heat, which results  in its decreased shelf life. Complex coacervation is a commonly used technique to encapsulate essential oils to give protection against  degradation as well as providing a carrier vehicle for sustained release. In present work, the peppermint oil was encapsulated in a  complex coacervate from a chitosan derivative, chitosan phosphate and κ-carrageenan in the presence of glutaraldehyde as  crosslinking agent. The reaction conditions were optimized .The highest yield of the coacervate was recorded at pH 4.6 of the reaction  medium and at a ratio of 2:4 by volume of 0.3% (w/v) solution of chitosan phospahate and κ-carrageenan. The effect of the variation of  amount of crosslinker on the morphology and swelling property of the coacervate was also investigated and both the properties were  found to be affected. A maximum loading efficiency of 84.19% was observed. The swelling and release studies revealed that both were  pH dependent and release of peppermint oil from the coacervate showed a sustained release profile over a period of 72 h. The  peppermint oil loaded coacervates were investigated for their antibacterial activities against Micrococcus luteus, Staphylococcus  epidermidis, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia and Proteus vulgarus and found to be mildly effective against all of them.
Impact of (Sm, Sr) Co-Doping at Bi-Site on the Structural, Optical, Multiferroic and Dielectric Properties of Bismuth Ferrite Nanocomposites
Authors: Kossar Shahnaz
Published: December 2023

A series of samarium (Sm) and strontium (Sr) co-doped BiFeO3 (BFO) and pure BiFeO3 (BFO) nanocomposites were synthesized by thesol-gel auto-combustion method. The X-ray diffraction pattern of the synthesized Sr:Sm BFO nanocomposites shows a rhombohedralperovskite structure. The morphological studies revealed that synthesized Sr:Sm BFO and pure BFO exhibit a regular arrangement ofgrains. The diffuse reflectance spectra (DRS) exhibit the doping of Sr:Sm BFO reduces the optical band gap values of BFO from 2.02 eVto 1.69 eV. It was observed that the prepared Sr:Sm BFO and undoped BFO samples show G-type antiferromagnetic behaviour and thevalues of saturation magnetization (Ms) increased by increasing the Sr:Sm BFO doping concentrations at the A site of BFO lattice. Themagnitude of the dielectric constant (εr) and dielectric loss (tan δ) were increased gradually with applied frequency and by increasingdoping concentration in the BFO matrix. The significant enhancement in the dielectric parameters with increasing Sm and Sr  concentrations in BFO results in improved ferromagnetic properties that could be considered a promising candidate for some  advanced device applications.
Liquid Chromatographic-Electron Spray Ionization-Mass Spectroscopy Technique for the Simultaneous Determination of Ethinyl Estradiol & Etonogestrel and Characterization of New Forced Degradation Compounds
Authors: Rani J. David Blessing , Deepti C. Asha
Published: December 2023

The aim of the current study was to develop, validate a precise, rapid, accurate liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) method for the simultaneous estimation of ethinyl estradiol and etonogestrel. The retention times of ethinyl estradiol and etonogestrel were found at 3.112 min and 4.399 min, respectively, whereas the linear range were found in the concentration ranges from 0.04-0.23 µg/mL & 3-18 µg/mL with slope coefficient (R2) of 0.9992 and 0.9991 correspondingly. Similarly, the accuracy values for ethinyl estradiol and etonogestrel were found to be 100.5% and 100.1% correspondingly. As per ICH Q2(R1) guidelines, the method was validated with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to confirm the newly obtained degradation compounds chemical structures of ethinyl estradiol and etonogestrel.
GENERASI KEDUA DIGITAL NATIVE: JANUS FACE MEDIA SOSIAL DAN ANOMALI KOMUNIKASI
Authors: Matang Matang , Suryadi Karim , Darmawan Cecep , Anggraeni Leni , Riyanti Dwi , Hudi Ilham
Published: December 2023

Today's students are understood as second generation digital natives (GDN-2) who are close and accustomed to using social media. Previous research explains digital natives in general, the role of social media in digital natives' daily lives. This study focuses on looking at the janus face of social media in GDN-2, the role of the family and their participation in social media. 308 students were willing to fill out a questionnaire as initial data, then in-depth interviews were conducted (N= 31). The research results show that the benefits of social media for GDN-2 are to share information and opinions, reach consumers and add business ideas, a place to learn and reference material, update information, and build relationships. Social media is detrimental to work and main activities, addiction, wasted time, lazing, having to pay for the internet, and false information. There is a family communication anomaly, parents do not have social media but give advice to their GDN-2 children to use social media wisely. This is then reflected in GDN-2's participation on social media. They are careful about spreading information that is not necessarily true, posting and commenting carefully.
REMAJA, MEDIA SOSIAL DAN UJARAN KEBENCIAN: STUDI KONSUMSI ONLINE RELIGIOUS CONTENT DI BANTEN
Authors: Setianto Yearry Panji , Nurjuman Husnan , Handaningtias Uliviana Restu
Published: December 2023

Religious hate speech has become more visible in social media, following high-profile cases such as the Church bombing in Sri Lanka and the Friday Prayer shooting in New Zealand in 2019. This research examines the understanding of youth in Banten, an Indonesian province with low religious tolerance, regarding the circulation and consumption of religious hate speech. Using a case study approach and focus group discussions with 33 youth in Banten who consume religious content online, the researchers found that online/social media are becoming the primary platform for learning about religion, despite the frequent exposure to religious content associated with hate speech, especially in relation to politics. The researchers also found that the presence of opinion leaders (religious teachers, parents) and media literacy are important factors in mitigating the spread of religious hate speech.
MODEL SELF-DISCLOSURE GENERASI Z PENGGUNA BERAT MEDIA SOSIAL
Authors: Sari Wulan Purnama , Irena Lydia
Published: December 2023

Based on the results of previous research, it was found that Instagram, Twitter, TikTok, YouTube, Discord, and also Facebook became the social media most often used by Generation Z as heavy users of social media in conducting self-disclosure. Self-disclosure is divided into negative and positive, positive things become open areas that are shared and can be known by many people, while negative things are the opposite. Generation Z as heavy users of social media conduct self-disclosure about various personal information accurately and honestly through social media, this is done consciously with the aim of building relationships with other people. Therefore, this study was conducted with the aim of describing and analyzing the self-disclosure model of Generation Z heavy users on social media. The research method uses a qualitative approach with phenomenological methods. Data collection was carried out using focus group discussion techniques, with the selection of resource persons based on pre-determined criteria. The results showed that the self-disclosure model of generation Z who became heavy users of social media had the largest proportion in terms of valence, intimacy, and intention.
A NEW RECIPE FROM MY FACEBOOK: HOW DIGITAL LITERACY IMPACTING INNOVATION OF SMALL CULINARY ENTERPRISES IN INDONESIA
Authors: Aji Angga Prawadika
Published: December 2023

This paper is written based on a qualitative approach, to explore the ability to use communication technology by micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMES) within the culinary field to support their ability to innovate in developing countries such as Indonesia. A total of 30 small and micro enterprises from the two biggest cities in East Java province participated in this empirical study. The data collection system is carried out using a semistructured interview that looks at the ability of business users to understand the internet as a media through four digital literacy elements, namely the ability to access, analyze, evaluate, and create messages. Based on the results of comparative analysis, it was found that the majority of MSMES owners have just reached the access phase, which is the initial phase where users are connected to the internet and utilize the most basic features of application services. MSMES owners only use internet technology for informal communication purposes and access to entertainment. One of the most important points from the results of the interview is the existence of religious issues which hamper the willingness of some MSMES owners to embrace the internet by creating reluctance and suspicion against the internet. One of them is the usury discourse that appears on non-cash payment technology and food purchasing services by online transportation.
K-POP IDOL STANDARD DAN PRAKTIK KOMODIFIKASI PEKERJA DALAM VIDEO CLIP “IU-CELEBRITY”
Authors: Alfitriah Alfitriah , Alyatalatthaf Muhammad Dicka Ma'arief
Published: December 2023

K-pop idols are demanded by agencies and fans based on beauty standards, ideal bodies, how to dress, and self-image. This study aims to describe the forms of K-pop idol standards and the practice of commodifying workers in the video clip “IU – Celebrity.” The Political Economy Theory of Communication from Vincent Mosco is used to see the practice of commodification, using John Fiske's Semiotics analysis method. The results of this study, on: (1) the level of reality, a k-pop idol is required to meet the ideal standards based on the agency as well as fan's wants; (2) representation level, signs at the reality level are transmitted into representational codes such as camera techniques, angles, transitions, video editing, location sets, sound, to special fx; (3) ideological level, it is found that there are capitalistic practices through the commodification of workers towards k-pop idols by the agency in the form of regulating appearance standards, clothing, privacy, and social relations of k-pop idols. This is done by the agency in order to maintain their idol image in accordance with the wishes of fans.
STRATEGI KOMUNIKASI KESEHATAN PENANGANAN STUNTING (Studi Pada Kelurahan Watang Bacukiki Kota Parepare)
Authors: Alif Insyirah Salsabila , Karnay Sudirman , Amir Andi Subhan
Published: December 2023

Stunting is a condition of failure to thrive in children under five due to chronic malnutrition so that children become too short compared to children of their age. Until mid-2022, Watang Bacukiki Village is included in the five sub-districts with the highest cases of stunting in Parepare City. This study aims to describe the communication strategy implemented by the Watang Bacukiki Village in an effort to deal with stunting through balanced nutrition persuasive communication. This research is descriptive-qualitative in nature and the determination of research subjects is based on purposive sampling. Based on the research that has been done, the results show that the communication strategy implemented by the Watang Bacukiki Village in efforts to deal with stunting is by implementing four core stages in the preparation of a communication strategy, namely: (1) assigning communicators, (2) determining audiences, (3) compiling messages, and (4) choosing media and communication channels. Apart from that, Watang Bacukiki Village also presented innovative programs to support the acceleration of zero stunting.
KEBERAGAMAN KONTEN BERITA PANDEMI DI INDONESIA: ANALISIS ISI BERITA COVID-19 PADA MAJALAH TEMPO
Authors: Aminuddin Ahsani Taqwim
Published: December 2023

This study shows how Tempo Magazine practices content diversity in reporting on the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia. The role of the media in handling the pandemic is not only limited to massive reporting but must report all aspects of life affected by the pandemic as information to the public. The concept of diversity in news content is the main study in this research. This concept examines two things: 1) Diversity of news sources, to determine the diversity of news sources (social actors). 2) Diversity of topics (points of view) to find out how widely the media provides understanding to media audiences regarding the issue of the COVID-19 pandemic. Using qualitative content analysis, and processing by coding with QDA Miner to summarize news frames regarding the COVID-19 pandemic news in Majalah Tempo from April to November 2021. The results of this research show that news about the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia in Tempo Magazine is presented from various sources. point of view or angle, news source, and spread across various rubrics. This study found that Majalah Tempo’s reporting on the COVID-19 pandemic was presented in various ways, both in terms of news sources, the point of view of discussing a problem, and the distribution of news presentation rubrics. Research notes that Inforial (paid rubric) is included in the rubric that contains a lot of COVID-19 news in Tempo Magazine with a percentage of 11.68%, apart from that the government is the largest news source with a percentage of 40.33%.
Pengaruh Budaya Organisasi terhadap Kinerja Guru dengan Perilaku Kerja Inovatif sebagai Variabel Intervening (Studi pada Guru SLB Negeri Semarang)
Authors: Priliantari Fabiana Silfi , Raharja Edy
Published: December 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of Organizational Culture on teacher performance with innovative work behavior as an intervening variable for Semarang State SLB teachers. The population used was Semarang State SLB teachers, with a total sample of 70 teachers. The sample collection technique in this study is the Census technique. The data collection method used was distributing questionnaires by measuring the sample questionnaire using a Likert scale of five (5). The data analysis method uses Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) which is run with the SmartPLS software version 3.2.9. The results of this study indicate that organizational culture has a positive and significant effect on teacher performance. Organizational Culture has a positive and significant effect on Innovative Work Behavior. Innovative work behavior influences teacher performance. This research also shows that Innovative Work Behavior can be an Intervening variable on the influence between Organizational Culture and Teacher Performance
Influence of Soil Excavation on Bearing Behavior of Pile Group Foundation Composed of Underpinning Piles and Existing Piles
Authors: Shan Hua-feng , Yu Feng , He Shao-heng , Xia Tang-dai
Published: December 2023

The behavior of underpinning piles during the soil excavation is critical for constructing new basements under the existing structures in urban areas; however, none of the existing studies has systematically evaluated their performance and interaction with existing piles under loading. This study aims to experimentally evaluate the impact of soil excavation on the bearing capacity of pile group foundation composed of underpinning piles and existing piles under loading. A model pile foundation with four model piles, one pile cap, and retaining structures was first constructed in our laboratory. Different soil excavation depths at 10 cm, 20 cm, and 30 cm (soil type: clayey silt) were used to explore their influence on the pile side friction, the axial force of the pile shaft, and pile settlement. The results were compared with the bearing behavior of the pile group foundation composed of four model piles and five underpinning piles at different pile lengths (500, 600, and 700 mm) and diameters (5, 10, and 15 mm). The results showed that soil excavation activity could immediately activate the different interaction responses between piles and soils and cause foundation settlements. The underpinning piles with sufficient length (more than 67 % of the existing model pile length) and diameter (more than 25 % of the existing model pile diameter) as well as proper pile’s embedded depth significantly reduced the foundation settlement, particularly at high soil exaction depth. The pile-soil interaction mechanism caused by soil excavation is revealed. The work could bring insights to the underpinning pile design for basement excavation beneath existing buildings.
Niños, niñas y adolescentes víctimas indirectas de feminicidios en Colombia. Medidas administrativas y judiciales para el restablecimiento de derechos
Authors: Huertas Díaz Omar , Prieto Moreno Jhoanna Caterine , Jiménez Rodríguez Nayibe Paola
Published: December 2023

El fenómeno del feminicidio en Colombia deja víctimas cuyo abordaje no fue tenido en cuenta a la hora de formular la política criminal de prevención, investigación y sanción de este delito. Por ello, no se ha contemplado que los niños, niñas y adolescentes pueden ser víctimas indirectas de este delito, ni se cuenta con una ruta de atención especializada para el abordaje de esta problemática, máxime cuando el padre es el victimario del punible. De ahí que se requiera una articulación entre la administración judicial y las entidades públicas encargadas del restablecimiento de derechos de los menores de edad para abordar esta problemática
Detection of illegal airstrips in digital images using artificial intelligence techniques
Authors: Erazo Yánez Carlos , Navarrete Cedillo Gabriela , López Velasco Silvia
Published: December 2023

Ecuador is considered a transit country for drug trafficking and smuggling activities. Being a current problem in the northern and coastal border of the national territory, unauthorized airstrips are used for these illegal activities where controlled substances, money, weapons, ammunition, and explosives are transported. The research will be based on the design and development of a methodology using artificial intelligence techniques for the analysis and processing of images that will be obtained from reconnaissance missions carried out by Ecuadorian Air Force airplanes. For the recognition of clandestine airstrips, the YOLO deep learning-based object detection method and segmentation techniques will be used.
A removable use of FRP for the confinement of heritage masonry columns
Authors: Micelli Francesco , Cascardi Alessio , Aiello Maria Antonietta
Published: December 2023

For masonry structures in historical heritage with architecturally valuable features, such as frescoed surfaces, the application of structural reinforcement techniques appears to be very complex due to the requirements of removability and limited invasiveness. This is valid with reference to both traditional techniques and modern techniques, such as the external reinforcement with fibre-reinforced composite materials. In this scenario, the use of fibersreinforcedpolymers (FRPs) is drastically forbidden due to the use of epoxy-based matrix, which does not allow the removal of the intervention without damage of the substrate, even if the mechanical effectiveness of this system has been largely tested and proved. In fact, the reversibility is one of the most relevant aspects in the field of Heritage engineering. Thus, many efforts need to be spent in order to meet possible solutions, able to mitigate the risk, especially against seismic forces and other natural risks, while ensuring the conservation of the built heritage. This experimental research, which follows a first study on a smaller scale, aims to answer the question: how could a masonry column with frescoes and valuable surfaces be strengthened or repaired in a completely reversible manner?. Two strengthening methods were studied and are proposed herein by assuring the removability of the FRP-confinement of masonry columns. The first technique consists of a liquid adhesion inhibitor applied by brush before the hand lay-up installation of the FRP. The second is set by the interposition of a Mylar™ layer between the substrate and the FRP jacket. Uniaxial compression tests were performed in order to demonstrate the efficacy of the new strengthening techniques in increasing the axial strength (+ 39% and + 27% on average for the tuff- and limestone-based masonry, respectively) and displacement capacity (+ 32% and + 171% on average for the tuff- and limestone-based masonry, respectively) with respect to un-confined columns. Masonry columns FRP-confined with traditional wet lay-up were also tested for direct comparison. At a later moment, the FRP-jacket was removed to observe the substrate, which has been found effectively preserved from the adhesive, without any discoloration. The experimental results are extensively shown and discussed in the paper.
Tranexamic Acid in Foot and Ankle Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Dombrowski Nicholas , Enos Jake , Henkelman Erik , Mar Damon , Tarakemeh Armin , Vopat Bryan
Published: December 2023

Introduction. Tranexamic acid (TXA) use has become common in orthopedic surgeries. Despite the growing number of publications related to its use, no recent systematic reviews have been published examining TXA use in foot and ankle surgery. The purpose of this review article is to provide a summary of the current available literature regarding TXA use in foot and ankle surgery and to further the understanding of its safety and efficacy.
Methods.This systematic review utilized PubMed, Ovid, CINAHL, Clinical Key, Medline, and Embase, and the search was conducted through December 22, 2022. Key words used in the search included: “tranexamic acid,” “TXA,” “foot,” “ankle,” “calcaneal,” and “surgery.” The outcomes within the studies analyzed included measures of perioperative blood loss (intra-operative blood loss, 24-hour post-operative blood loss, blood loss from hour 24 to hour 48, post-operative hemoglobin (Hgb), and post-operative hematocrit [Hct]), as well as wound complications and vascular events. Meta-regression was included to assess the impact of age on between-study variation.
Results. Ten studies met preliminary inclusion criteria. Upon further inspection, eight met full inclusion criteria for the meta-analysis. Despite a growing amount of literature on the topic, there is still a paucity of literature published on TXA use in foot and ankle surgery. Current literature suggests that foot and ankle surgery patients treated with TXA may have reduced 24-hour post-operative blood loss (MD=-183.41 mL, 95% CI=-247.49 to -119.34 mL, p<0.001), increased post-operative hemoglobin (MD=0.71 g/dL, 95% CI=0.11 to 1.31 g/dL, p=0.020) and hematocrit (MD=2.66%, 95% CI=0.07 to 5.24%, p=0.040) when compared to similar patients not receiving TXA. The use of TXA in foot and ankle surgery did not lead to increased thromboembolic complications. Meta-regression indicated no clinically relevant association of age to between-study variation.
Conclusions. TXA was found to be a safe treatment that did affect wound healing or infection rates while decreasing perioperative blood loss. Further research should be performed to evaluate the long-term effects of TXA administration on patient outcomes after foot and ankle surgery.
Acute Kidney Injury Caused Due to Colistin Therapy: A Case Report Study Analysis
Authors: Fayez Alghofaili  , Faris F. Aba Alkhayl  , Nimer Alsabeelah  , Umama Yezdani  , Nashmi Shalwah S Alalawi  , Abdulrahman Salman Alazmi  , Mohammad Rashid  , Albalawi Abdullah Menwer M  , Sultan Hammad S Albalawi  , Ahmad Ibrahim Mohammed Alsharif
Published: December 2023

An abrupt bout of kidney damage or failure that lasts a few hours to a few days is referred to as acute renal failure (ARF) or acute kidney injury (AKI). Nephrotoxicity is classified into the following categories: R-risk, I-injury, F-failure, L-loss of function, and E-end stage renal failure. It is inherited, brought on by medications, and associated with diabetes, liver diseases, and heart issues. Typically, a drug's dose-dependent nephrotoxicity affects its severity. Multi-medication resistant (MDR) infections have led to an unprecedented increase in the use of Colistin medicine. Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and other gram-negative bacteria are to blame. One type of bacteria is Acinetobacter baumannii. This paper will provide the case of a 62-year-old male patient who was admitted to the hospital after receiving a diagnosis of venous thromboembolism and anemia. Human-acquired pneumonia results from Acinetobacter baumannii's multidrug resistance, which makes the bacteria only responsive to the antibiotics colistin and azithromycin meropenem. Two days after commencing the (Oliguria-500) medicine, there was a decrease in urine production. The renal parenchyma showed changes, and the levels of creatinine were elevated to 3.18 mg/dL. USG has been seen. Laboratory results indicate that he suffered from AKI Colistin and demonstrates strong (Naranjo score: 8) usually connected to AKI. Drug dosages were not changed. It was routine practice to monitor BUN and creatinine levels. The amount of urine produced increased to 2450 mL 15 days following treatment. Respiratory failure is one of the neurological side effects of collistin was ignored. On discharge day, the patient was stable and doing well. It seems from this that if the medication is beneficial and the risk is manageable, there is no reason to stop taking it; however, careful observation is needed. Diminish the quantity of adverse reactions.
Alternative Derivations in (1,1) Rings
Authors: K. Subhashini  , M. Shiva Sankar Reddy  , V. Raghavendra Prasad
Published: December 2023

Objectives: To show the associativity in one of the subclass of non-associative (γ,δ) rings. Method: Derivation alternator rings are limiting case of associative rings. The ring (1,1) is one of the sub class of (γ,δ) rings. Consider a (1,1) derivation alternator ring R, with characteristic ≠ 2, and it is well known that this ring is neither alternative nor flexible. In this paper it will be proved that right alternative property (R,x,x) holds in R and flexibility follows, finally associativity arrives in R. Findings: If this ring R does not contain nilpotent elements even though it will be associative. Novelty: Further investigators may extend the applications of these rings in science and engineering fields. Mathematics Subject Classification: 2010 MSC 17D
Clustering based Intrusion Detection System for effective Detection of known and Zero-day Attacks
Authors: Nerella Sameera  , M.Siva Jyothi  , K.Lakshmaji  , V.S.R.Pavan Kumar. Neeli
Published: December 2023

Developing effective security measures is the most challenging task now a days and hence calls for the development of intelligent intrusion detection systems. Most of the existing intrusion detection systems perform best at detecting known attacks but fail to detect zero-day attacks due to the lack of labeled examples. Authors in this paper, comes with a clustering-based IDS framework that can effectively detect both known and zero-day attacks by following unsupervised machine learning techniques. This research uses NSL-KDD dataset for the motive of experimentation and the experimental results exhibit best performance with an accuracy of 78%.
Investigating The Expression of ER, PR, And Ki-67 In Different Grades of Meningioma
Authors: Arash Dehghan  , Khadijeh Askari  , Hamidreza Ghasemi Basir  , Nasrin Jiriaei
Published: December 2023

Introduction: Tumor grade is one of the significant factors in determining the prognosis of meningioma. Ki-67 is a marker expressed in the active phase of the cell cycle and indicates cell division and can be used as an auxiliary tool in determining the grade of meningioma. Steroid hormones are one of the factors that are effective in the pathogenesis of meningioma. This study evaluates the expression level of ER, PR, and ki-67 markers in different grades of meningioma.

Materials and Methods: In a descriptive study, slides, and paraffin blocks of 80 meningioma patients who underwent surgery over 10 years at Besat Hospital, Hamedan, were extracted from the patient’s medical records and were evaluated in terms of the expression of ER markers, PR and ki-67 after immunohistochemical staining. Results: In meningioma grades 1, 2, and 3, mean PR expression was 17.33, 11.66, and zero (P=0.033), respectively, and mean Ki-67 expression was 0.67, 5.22, and 10.50, respectively ( P<0.001), and mean ER expression was zero in all three grades. There was an inverse and significant correlation between tumor grade and PR rate (p=0.04, r=-0.21). Conclusion: ki-67 expression can be used as an auxiliary method in meningioma grading, and more PR positivity indicates lower grades, and thus, better tumor prognosis.
A Retrospective Cohort Study of Elderly Patients with Frequent Visits to A Tertiary Academic Hospital
Authors: Shahrouz Tabrizi  , Mohamad reza Rezaii  , Alireza mehdizade  , Hooman Rafiei
Published: December 2023

Objectives: Frequent visits are one of the main causes of overcrowding in emergency departments of hospitals. Identifying the characteristics of frequent patients will help the managers of the medical service delivery system to provide more effective strategies to reduce the number of visits to the emergency department. This study was designed with the aim of determining the rate and causes of repeated visits of elderly people to the emergency room of a tertiary academic hospital in 2022. Method: This was a descriptive-cross-sectional study. The statistical population of this research included all elderly people who visited the emergency room more than once. Data were recorded in researcher-made checklists. Finally, the data were analyzed with SPSS version 25 software. Results: Of 200 cases included 118 (59%) cases were men and 82 (41%) cases were women. The average age was 85.70 ± 10.76, 190 of cases (95%) had a chronic disease and 10 cases (5%) did not. 144 cases (72%) were married and 56 cases (28%) were single. In terms of education level, most (74%) patients were illiterate. In terms of employment status, 24% were unemployed .72 cases (43%) of the patients lived with their spouses. Abdominal pain was the most frequent reason for visiting the hospital among elderly people. Also, in terms of medical diagnosis, the highest rate (35%) of diagnoses belonged gastrointestinal conditions. Conclusions: The results showed that the most common reason for frequent visiting was abdominal pain. Also, in terms of medical diagnosis, the most diagnosis was gastrointestinal conditions.
Evaluation of The Effect of Applying Anodal tDCS in The LPFC and RPFC Regions and 10x10, 25x25 and 50x50 Protocols on The Acquisition of Fear Extinction Memory and The Time Latency of The Activation of Fear Memory: An Animal Study of PTSD
Authors: Mohammad-Reza Vahed  , Mohammad Nasehia  , Mohammad-Reza Zarrindast  , Mahdieh Azizian
Published: December 2023

tDCS method is considered as the first clinical method for the treatment and control of many mental disorders, including PTSD. In treatment of PTSD, the first step is to use a psychotherapy method called PE, which is based on creating fear extinction memory. In this research, we investigated the effect of tDCS method with TD=18, LPFC and RPFC areas and 10x10, 25x25 and 50x50 protocols on the acquisition of fear extinction memory and the time latency the fear memory activation.  90 NMRI male mice were used in the age range of 9-11 weeks. The mice were divided into three groups A, B and C. Each group was classified into three subgroups: Control, LPFC and RPFC. Results: except for group A, in groups B and C, there is a significant difference between LPFC and RPFC subgroups and the control subgroup It was also shown that a change in the protocol for formation fear extinction memory can cause a significant change in the ability to acquisition fear acquisition memory. Also, these results showed that tDCS stimulation of the LPFC and RPFC regions can cause opposite and significant changes in the time delay of fear memory activation. Conclusion: training protocols with more repetition and anodal tDCS in the LPFC can strengthen the formation of fear extinction memory and increase the time latency in the activation of the fear memory in the test or retrieval phase, and anodal tDCS in the RPFC and the use of training protocols with less repetition can produce the opposite results. Due to the importance of the obtained results, please refer to the suggestions section of the article.
Crisis as practice: routinizing Russia – U.S. security rivalries
Authors: Neklyudov Nikita , Baykov Andrey , Shchekin Anatoly
Published: December 2023

This article contributes to the debate on how an international crisis may contribute to ontological security. We argue that ontological security can paradoxically be achieved through escalating practices capable of provoking international crises. By merging ‘practices’, a fairly distinct theoretical perspective of International Relations, with ontological security, we seek to expand Jennifer Mitzen’s premise that “even dangerous routines provide ontological security” and consider practices as a source of attaining ontological security. To partake in the practical turn in ontological security studies, we borrow the concepts of Practice Turn in IR, habitus (disposition), and field (environment). After substantiating the connection between the two theories, we take the demise of the INF Treaty as an example of a crisis. We argue that the INF Treaty, as a field, has become a source of ontological threat to both the U.S. and Russia. Following the end of the Cold War, the U.S. and Russia have constantly changed their habitus by developing key missile technologies and deteriorating bilateral relations. Accordingly, the changed habitus no longer conformed to the realities of the field, making its delegitimization by both sides self-evident.
От рубежа противостояния к руинам забвения, или политика памяти в постсоциалистической Внутренней Азии
Authors: Михалев Алексей
Published: December 2023

В статье рассматривается, как на территории Внутренней Азии изменялась политика памяти по отношению к истории демилитаризации советско-монгольского оборонительного рубежа на границе с КНР. Воспоминания о выводе войск из Монголии с 1989 по 1992 г. и о разрушении одного из самых мощных в Азии укрепленных районов остаются травматичными и по сей день. В этой работе мы анализируем две ключевых тенденции в политике памяти во Внутренней Азии: негативного переосмысления советского прошлого и травму распада СССР. Это две конкурирующие модели, посредством которых осмысляется память не только о выводе войск из Монголии, но и о руинах огромного милитаризированного ландшафта, созданного в ходе советско-китайского противостояния 1960-1980‑х годов в этом регионе. Это был большой укрепленный район с развитой социальной инфраструктурой, который сегодня стал важным местом памяти. Десятки тысяч советских граждан, работавших или служивших в Монголии в 1960-1980‑е годы, сохранили воспоминания о возведении этого рубежа. В эмпирическую основу исследования положены мемориальные законы, личные воспоминания, материалы региональной прессы, практики переформатирования памятников советским солдатам в соответствии с новыми контекстами. Наряду с этим анализу были подвергнуты и практики забвения, которые приобретают все более масштабный характер. Исключение из официальных документов, игнорирование на уровне политической риторики отдельных аспектов истории социализма, снос памятников, ликвидация мест отправления воинских ритуалов – все это трансформирует прежний ландшафт в руинизированное пространство. В этих условиях некогда огромный восточный лимес становится лишь местом посттравматической памяти по обе стороны границы. Множественность языков описания этого лимеса – русского, монгольского, китайского, – свидетельствует о многослойности исторического опыта и памяти, связанных с этим заброшенным оборонительным рубежом.
Artificial intelligence-based large language models and integrity of exams and assignments in higher education: the case of tourism courses
Authors:   School of Tourism and Hotel Management, Harran University, Department of Tourism Guidance, Türkiye, Ülkü Abdullah
Published: December 2023

There is an increasing concern regarding the potential misuse of ChatGPT-4 in compromising the integrity of examinations and assignments. This study aims to examine the capabilities of ChatGPT-4 in critical thinking abilities, whether it poses a threat to examinations and assignments in higher education, and create a discussion agenda on this issue. ChatGPT-4 was asked to generate, answer, and criticize questions in tourism marketing, tourism management, tourism economics, tourist guidance, and gastronomy. The answers were evaluated according to universal critical thinking standards. The findings obtained from this study showed that ChatGPT-4 had commendable competence in several critical thinking standards and could produce human-like texts. However, there are certain domains that might be improved to comply more effectively with the expectations and norms of academia. Educators were recommended to use comprehensive approaches that combine technological and educational techniques to address the issue of cheating enabled by tools, such as ChatGPT-4, during assessment and exam processes.
Linking e-leadership to innovative and proactive work behaviors in tourism higher education institutions: a moderated mediation model using SEM
Authors:   Tourism Studies Department, Faculty of Tourism and Hotels, Alexandria University, Said Heba , Kamel Noha Ahmed ,   Tourism Studies Department, Faculty of Tourism and Hotels, Alexandria University
Published: December 2023

E-leaders should encourage academics to manage their multi-dimensional work requirements and even to go beyond these requirements to innovate in their tasks and achieve sustainable development in educational institutions. This study aims to examine the relationship between e-leadership, innovative work behavior and proactive work behavior in the presence of work engagement as a mediator. Researchers implemented a quantitative methodology. This study used data from an online survey of 398 academics in Egyptian tourism higher education institutions. The results of structural equation modeling presented strong support for the proposed model. E-leadership has been proven to affect innovative and proactive work behavior among academic staff positively. Work engagement has shown an effective and significant mediating role between the examined variables. Further, the academic department was proven to moderate the relation between e-leadership and innovative work behavior, while age had no moderation effect in this relation. The study draws researchers’ attention to the role of e-leadership in helping academics to cope with the dynamic nature of research and education.
Tetralogy of Fallot: Early Diagnosis and Treatment and its Impact on Survival Rates
Authors: Lemos Fernanda , Silva Keyla , Campos Camila , Almeida Marcio , Filho Sérgio , Rocha Taíse , Ferreira Emerson , Souza Wesley , Rocha Talita , Santos Sabrina , Nascimento Antonio , Alves Mariana , Uva Fernanda , Silva Scarleth , Oliveira Jaine
Published: December 2023

Introduction: Tetralogy of Fallot affects about 3 out of 10 thousand live births, occupying a rate of 10% of all congenital cardiac malformations. Method: this is a systematic retrospective study of bibliographic review articles, of quantitative approach and descriptive and exploratory nature, with the timeframe from 2013 to 2023. Results: It was possible to verify that Tetralogy of Fallot is a serious congenital pathology and therefore requires surgical intervention to correct the defects present in the cardiac structure. Most bibliographic studies show that early intervention, around the first year of life, is the best treatment option and is associated with an increase in the survival rate of these individuals. Discussion: the importance of preventive strategies during prenatal care is evident, with counseling and crucial information for mothers, aiming to provide quality care to the child at birth and to proceed with the best form of treatment, in order to reduce the mortality rate caused by this disease and proportionally increase the survival rate and life expectancy of this population. Conclusion: given the importance of early diagnosis and treatment, it is essential that pregnant women are attended by qualified professionals who know how to identify the risk factors and clinical signs of this pathology, in addition to having easy access when necessary to perform fetal echocardiography, or more specific tests, in favor of the quality and life expectancy of these individuals.
Nursing Home Use of a Resident and Family Decision Guide to Reduce Hospital Readmissions: A Quality Improvement Project
Authors: Tappen Ruth , Wolf David , Southard Karen , Worch Sarah , Sopcheck Janet
Published: December 2023

This article presents a quality improvement project involving the first organizational-level test of the effectiveness of a new U.S. Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) endorsed Decision Guide, Go to the Hospital or Stay Here? A Decision Guide for Residents, Families, Friends, and Caregivers. This Decision Guide can enhance resident and family knowledge about nursing home (NH) capabilities and is intended to reduce nursing home resident and family insistence on potentially unnecessary resident transfers and hospital readmissions. The SQUIRE 2.0 guidelines were the framework for this project. A quality improvement project was conducted in 16 NHs in the southeastern United States to evaluate the effect of the resident and family Decision Guide on hospital readmission rates. Prior to implementation, the investigators provided an online orientation to the project followed by onsite training of nursing home personnel. The NHs then distributed and reviewed the Guide with residents and their family members. NH staff entered data related to readmissions and resident and family responses to the Guide into a secure portion of the project website. NH staff recorded data for three months before Guide implementation and for three months after Guide distribution. Three of the nursing homes lost their upper management team soon after study initiation and were unable to continue. A fourth did not provide complete data. In the 12 remaining facilities, the three-month mean number of readmissions dropped from 27 pre-intervention to 18.58, a 31.2% decrease. Participating facilities reported the Guide was very well received by residents and their families. The facilities’ personnel reported that most residents and family members were unaware of the scope of services provided by the nursing home, an information gap filled by the Decision Guide. They found that implementing this Guide in nursing homes was cost-effective, easy to use, and could substantially reduce readmissions. The results of this quality improvement project demonstrated a significant decrease in hospital readmission rates underscoring its potential for quality improvement in NH care and avoidance of burdensome hospital transfers.
Multiple Immune Pathways to Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: Lessons Learned from Human Clinical Trials and Animal Models of Disease Clinical Trials, Lessons Learned
Authors: Wagner David , Bleich David
Published: December 2023

Type 1 diabetes mellitus results from progressive autoimmune attack of the endocrine pancreas. Immune cells infiltrate the pancreatic islets and focus their attack on beta cells causing loss of insulin production. Progressive insulin loss leads to lifelong insulin replacement therapy and comorbidities. The ultimate clinical goal in type 1 diabetes is to restore and preserve beta cell function thus alleviating the need for exogenous insulin replacement. A secondary goal is to prevent complications that result from chronic inflammation including cardiovascular disease, kidney disease, neuropathy, and retinopathy. These goals are neither exclusive nor interdependent. The best clinical approach will target immune cells, although beta cell replacement in addition to immune targets might lead to a cure. At present, clinical trials have involved antigen specific therapies to attempt tolerance induction through depletion of pathogenic effector cells and/or generation of regulatory T cells; infusion of autologous Tregs to control the pathogenic inflammation; monoclonal antibodies that target total T cells, total B cells, or inflammatory cytokines; small molecule drugs; and targeting T cell co-stimulation. Moreover, newly developed pluripotent beta cell clusters with immune privilege achieved through CRISPR technology appear to restore insulin secretion and avoid immune surveillance. These approaches have not yet achieved the clinical goal of halting or reversing loss of C-peptide, a marker for beta cell function, or sustained long-term reduction of daily blood glucose and insulin requirements. Some therapies like Teplizumab (humanized anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody) have slowed loss of C-peptide and it appears that several study subjects have had long-term positive responses. The totality of clinical trials points to heterogeneity within those individuals labelled as “type 1 diabetes” making a single target approach unlikely to be successful. This review considers recent and current immune modulatory drugs in T1DM clinical trials. While none have yet been fully successful, valuable information about how to better approach this serious disease is emerging. The information from clinical trials further points to the possibility that rather than being a single disease, ‘type 1 diabetes’ may better be described as a family of diseases where different cellular mechanisms reach the same clinical outcome, loss of insulin production.
Multimodal cancer treatment and its association with nutrition care practices in patients with head and neck and esophageal cancer: an international prospective cohort study
Authors: Gramlich Leah , Dhaliwal Rupinder , Lakananurak Narisorn , Baracos Vickie , Findlay Merran , Bauer Judith , Schueren Marian , Laviano Alessandro , Wideman Adrianne , Day Andrew , Martin Lisa
Published: December 2023

Background: Both cancer and its’ treatment contribute to the development of malnutrition, particularly in cancers that impact nutrition intake such as head and neck (HNC) and esophageal (EC) cancers. This study was undertaken to explore the relationship between cancer treatment and nutrition care in patients with HNC and EC. Methods: Adult patients (≥18 years) with newly diagnosed head and neck (HN) or esophageal (ESO) cancers scheduled to receive cancer treatment were enrolled between 2016 and 2018 in the INFORM study, a longitudinal multi-centre prospective cohort study. Baseline clinical characteristics of patients, cancer characteristics, treatment type (chemotherapy/radiotherap y /surgery) and frequency, nutrition risk (Patient Generated Subjective Global Assessment Short Form (PG-SGA SF) and nutrition care were recorded. Results: 100 HNC and 51 EC patients were included. Data were collected across 4 time periods from baseline to 6 months at 11 sites in Canada, Australia Italy, The Netherlands and the United States. Seventy-nine percent of the patients were male with a mean (SD) age of 63 (10) years. At admission, the mean (SD) BMI was 27 (5) kg/m2 and 30% were current smokers. Baseline PGA-SGA SF was ≥ 4 indicating nutrition risk for 59% of the HNC and 77% of the EC patients. The number of cancer treatments was positively associated with increases in enteral (EN) and parenteral nutrition (PN). In HNC patients receiving a single cancer treatment, 39% required EN and with 3 cancer treatment types, 78% required EN. In EC requiring a single cancer treatment, 50% required EN and in patients with 3 cancer treatments 94% required EN. Conclusion: The number of cancer treatment modalities is associated with the intensity of nutrition therapy required to sustain the patients through their cancer journey.