bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Integrated network pharmacology and transcriptomics to reveal the mechanism of Passiflora against depressive disorder: An observational study
Authors: Wang Wei , Zhai Gao-Qiang , Xin Ming , Li Jun , Liao Jun-Juan , Liang Jia , Li Chang-Bao
Published: October 2024

Relevant studies have pointed out that Passiflora could relieve depressive disorder (DD) related symptoms, such as anxiety and insomnia, but its mechanism in DD has not been reported. In this study, DD-related transcriptome data was extracted from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Subsequently, 50 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened by “limma,” and the enrichment analysis of these DEGs revealed that they were associated with neuro-inflammatory-related signaling pathways, including IL-17, TNF, NF-kappa B, etc signaling pathways. Then, CCDC58, CXCL5, EGR1, LOC101929855, SCML1, and THBS1 were screened as biomarkers of DD by the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) analysis. Moreover, Harmaline, Harmine, Quercetin, and Kaempferol were the key chemically active ingredients of Passiflora. Noticeable, THBS1 and Quercetin were connected closely. In addition, the quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) confirmed that the key biomarkers (EGR1 and THBS1) were significantly lowly expressed in DD samples. In summary, we identified 2 key biomarkers of DD and 4 key chemically active ingredients of Passiflora. The potential mechanism of antidepressant effect of DD associated with neuro-inflammatory responses and neurotransmitter function. These might related to the synergistic activity of its key active ingredients with TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, etc, which work with EGR1 and THBS1 to regulate IL-17, NF-kappa B, TNF, etc signaling pathways. These findings might help to deepen the understanding of the mechanism of Passiflora in clinical treatment of DD.
Novel associations between KCNQ1 rs231840 polymorphism and preeclampsia in Chinese gestational women: A case-control candidate genetic study
Authors: Ma Lingyu , Ma Rui , Ran Ran , Li Jiaying , Pan Xuefeng , Guo Zhiheng , Lin Xichen , Wen Dezhong , Wu Shuyao , Chen Ying
Published: October 2024

Preeclampsia is a complex disorder with genetic and environmental interactions. In this study, we analyzed the associations of KCNQ1gene polymorphisms with preeclampsia in Chinese pregnant women. The 3 candidate single-nucleotide polymorphisms rs231840, rs2237892, and rs2237895 were genotyped in this case-control study; clinical and biochemical data were included and SNPs were gathered from 248 individuals with preeclampsia and 237 controls. The TT genotype rs231840 increased the risk of preeclampsia (OR: 1.633; 95% CI: 1.027–2.597) and was associated with higher blood glucose levels. The haplotype TCA containing the allele of rs231840 (T), rs2237892 (C), and rs2237895 (A) was highly protective against preeclampsia and associated with the levels of blood glucose in preeclamptic patients. A novel function was found for the haplotype CCA in SNPs rs231840 (C), rs2237892 (C), and rs2237895 (A); it might be a protective combination against preeclampsia. The KCNQ1 (TT) genotype seems to be associated with preeclampsia and might affect the regulation of blood glucose in Chinese pregnant women.
Application effect of psychological counseling intervention based on WeChat platform in chemotherapy of gastrointestinal tumors with completely implanted venous infusion ports
Authors: Lin Yufeng , Cai Zhiyun , Lin Lihui , Ye Yafang , Wu Bingyu , Zhang Chunping
Published: October 2024

This study’s objective was to observe the application effect of psychological counseling intervention based on the WeChat platform for patients with gastrointestinal tumors undergoing chemotherapy with completely implanted venous infusion ports. From October 2022 to December 2023, 110 patients with gastrointestinal tumors undergoing chemotherapy with completely implanted venous infusion ports were selected from our hospital. Patients were divided into 2 groups according to the different types of care. The control group received routine psychological counseling intervention, while the WeChat group received psychological counseling intervention based on the WeChat platform in addition to the routine intervention provided to the control group. A comparison was made between the 2 groups in terms of adverse events, compliance, hope level scores, and changes in coping strategy scores. The WeChat group experienced 7 adverse events, with an occurrence rate of 12.73%, while the control group experienced 17 adverse events, with an occurrence rate of 30.91%. The occurrence rate of adverse events in the WeChat group was significantly lower than that in the control group, showing a statistically significant difference (P < .05). The hope level scores before intervention in the 2 groups were compared (P > .05). Compared to before intervention, both groups showed an increase in scores for life attitude, proactive behavior, intimate relationships, and total scores. The WeChat group had higher scores after intervention compared to the control group (P < .05). The coping strategy scores before intervention in the 2 groups were compared (P > .05). Compared to before intervention, both groups showed an increase in facing scores and a decrease in avoidance and resignation scores (P < .05). After intervention, the WeChat group had higher facing scores and lower avoidance and resignation scores compared to the control group (P < .05). The overall chemotherapy compliance in the WeChat group was higher than that in the control group (P < .05). Psychological counseling intervention based on the WeChat platform can improve the level of hope, promote patients to face the disease with a positive attitude, increase chemotherapy compliance, and reduce the occurrence of adverse events in patients with gastrointestinal tumors undergoing chemotherapy with completely implanted venous infusion ports.
Transvaginal double-layer parallel in-situ suturing for early complex vesicovaginal fistula repair: Case report
Authors: Liu Chuanfeng , Cao Shouxia , Liu Haiyan , Pang Qingtan , Zhao Zichao , Wang Fuming , Xia Yongqiang
Published: October 2024

Rationale:

Complex vesicovaginal fistulas (VVFs) with large defects pose significant surgical challenges. Traditional repair methods often require extensive tissue separation and multilayer suturing, risking local blood supply and healing. This study introduces a novel modified transvaginal repair technique that simplifies the procedure while preserving tissue vascularity. It employs double-layer parallel in situ suturing for early repair of complex VVF.

Patient concerns:

A 50-year-old woman was admitted with continuous vaginal urine leakage for 4 days following trauma. Speculum examination revealed a 3-cm longitudinal oval laceration at the 11 o’clock position in the dorsal lithotomy site, with continuous fluid leakage through the fistula.

Diagnoses:

Self-inflicted complex VVF.

Interventions:

The patient underwent prophylactic placement of bilateral double-J stents and continuous catheterization, followed by surgical repair using a modified transvaginal technique involving double-layer parallel in situ suturing.

Outcomes:

Postoperative evaluations showed successful healing with no urinary leakage. The vaginal sutures were removed on day 24, and follow-up at 1 year confirmed no recurrence of the fistula or lower urinary tract symptoms, significantly improving the patient’s quality of life.

Lessons:

The modified transvaginal repair technique using double-layer parallel in situ suturing is a simple and effective approach for early repair of complex VVF, highlighting its potential for broader clinical application. Future studies with larger cohorts are needed to validate these findings.
CiteSpace-based visual analysis on transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation of clinical randomized controlled trial studies and its mechanism on perioperative disorders
Authors: Li Mengqi , Jiang Xiaobo , Gai Xiangmu , Dai Mengyao , Li Mengyuan , Wang Yanxin , Wang Hongfeng
Published: October 2024

To systematically present an overview of randomized controlled trials on transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (TEAS) using bibliometric methods, and describe the role and mechanisms of TEAS in most prevalent diseases. Relevant literature was searched in China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data, VIP, SinoMed, PubMed, and Web of Science. The literature was imported and screened into NoteExpress, screened according to inclusion and exclusion criteria, and analyzed using Excel and CiteSpace 6.3R1 software. A total of 1296 documents were included. The number of publications increased annually after 2012. Junlu Wang was the most prolific author. The main research institutions were Peking University, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Shuguang Hospital, and Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province. The research hotspots in this field include perioperative care, cancer, pain management, and stroke, primarily focusing on analgesia, immune enhancement, antihypertension, and reduction of gastrointestinal disorders. The main regulatory mechanisms of TEAS include the control of inflammation, oxidative stress, and regulation of the autonomic nervous system. TEAS is most widely used in the elderly, with PC6, ST36, and LI4 being the most frequently studied acupoints in clinical randomized controlled trials. The concept of accelerated rehabilitation is gradually being applied to TEAS, representing an emerging trend for future development. Clinical research on TEAS is rapidly developing, with a focus on applications in cancer and perioperative care. Future research should expand collaboration and conduct high-level clinical and mechanistic studies, which will contribute to the development of standardized protocols and clinical practice.
Efficacy and safety of traditional Chinese medicine in managing bone loss post-endocrine therapy in hormone receptor-positive breast cancer patients
Authors: Chen Liuxiang , Zhang Yuanqi , Li Jianwen , Kalmar Attila
Published: October 2024

Background:

This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) kidney-tonifying methods in treating bone loss and osteoporosis following endocrine therapy in patients with hormone receptor-positive breast cancer.

Methods:

This research systematically searched 6 major medical electronic databases, initially identifying 986 articles, ultimately including 22 randomized controlled trials. These studies encompassed a total of 1579 patients and investigated the impact of TCM kidney-tonifying methods on lumbar spine bone density, lumbar spine bone density T-values, femoral neck bone density, clinical efficacy, and drug safety. The Cochrane quality scoring system was utilized to assess the quality of the literature, and data were synthesized using meta-analysis techniques.

Results:

TCM kidney-tonifying methods significantly improved lumbar spine bone density (standardized mean difference [SMD] = 0.70, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.43–0.97) and lumbar spine bone density T-values (SMD = 1.012, 95% CI: 0.506–1.517). There was also a positive trend in enhancing femoral neck bone density (SMD = 0.645, 95% CI: 0.321–0.970). Although improvements in clinical efficacy did not reach statistical significance (relative risk [RR] = 1.122, 95% CI: 0.933–1.348), the studies indicated good safety of the treatment, with most studies reporting no significant adverse reactions.

Conclusion:

TCM kidney-tonifying methods may have a positive therapeutic effect on bone loss and osteoporosis following endocrine therapy in patients with hormone receptor-positive breast cancer, demonstrating good tolerability and safety. Given the current evidence, it is recommended to include TCM kidney-tonifying methods as a complementary therapeutic approach in treatment protocols. Future research should further validate these findings and explore their application in different patient subgroups.
The diagnostic value of metagenomic next-generation sequencing in critically ill patients with sepsis: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Li Chaozhong , Wang Fang , Li Wanrong , Sun Guihu , Yang Dexing , Yang Ting , Yang Guohui , Liang Bo , Huang Yun , Tang Wenzhi , Li Fei , Ye Yujia , Qian Chuanyun , Wu Haiying , Meng Zhaohui
Published: October 2024

Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) is a new high-throughput sequencing method that may have great importance in early diagnosis and clinical management of sepsis. This study aimed to detect the difference between mNGS and comprehensive routine microbiological test (CMT), and to explore the diagnostic efficacy of mNGS in septic patients. This study retrospectively analyzed 150 sepsis patients who were admitted to the intensive care units of 4 hospitals in Southwest China from October 1, 2018, to October 1, 2021, and underwent both blood mNGS and CMT. The demographic and clinical characteristics of the patients were recorded, and the distribution of pathogens was analyzed. Additionally, the diagnostic performance and concordance between mNGS and CMT were compared to evaluate the etiological diagnostic value of mNGS in sepsis patients. In this study of 150 sepsis patients, bacterial infections were identified in 126 (84.0%), viral in 15 (10.0%), and fungal in 9 (6.0%). Among the sample types, sputum was most common, representing 62% of the total cases. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid constituted 58.7%, blood 56.0%, with other specimens including pleural fluid at 29.3%, pus at 19.3%, swabs at 9.3%, cerebrospinal fluid at 8.7%, tissue at 6.0%, and bone marrow at 5.3%. mNGS demonstrated a diagnostic accuracy of 56.0% for sepsis, with a sensitivity of 84.4%, specificity of 26.0%, a positive predictive value of 54.6%, a negative predictive value of 61.3%. Metagenomic testing enables the rapid and early identification of infectious pathogens in sepsis patients, especially fungi and viruses. The study found that mNGS has high sensitivity in diagnosing sepsis patients, particularly for fungal and viral infections. mNGS technology is beneficial for critically ill sepsis patients.
Evaluation of lateral sagittal infraclavicular block according to inferior vena cava collapsibility index (VCI-CI): An observational study
Authors: Mendes Ergun , Sarban Onur , Adiyeke Ozal , Altas Okyar , Civan Melih , Korucu Alperen , Manici Mete , Gumus Ozcan Funda
Published: October 2024

Depending on the total amount of fluid, changes occur in the amount of fluid in the peripheral area. The aim of this study was to observe the differences caused by hemodynamic changes after lateral sagittal infraclavicular block (LS-ICB) according to the inferior vena cava collapsibility index (VCI-CI). In this prospective, observational study (Clinical Trial Number: NCT05968105), patients undergoing elective hand and wrist surgery with LS-ICB were classified according to VCI-CI, with Group 1 defined as inferior vena cava (VCI) diameter < 1.5 cm and VCI-CI > 50% and Group 2 defined as VCI diameter > 1.5 cm and VCI-CI < 50%. Groups were compared for demographic characteristics, defined durations, rescue analgesics, and complications. Continuous hemodynamic parameters and pulsed wave Doppler were evaluated within groups. Demographic characteristics and time periods were comparable between the groups. Hemodynamic parameters and pulsed wave Doppler measurements showed no significant differences. However, while Group 1 remained consistent, Group 2 exhibited differences in axillary artery diastolic diameter and axillary artery contractility index. A significant statistical difference was observed in Group 1 for the perfusion index at 30 minutes and postoperatively, whereas Group 2 remained consistent. The dosage and number of patients requiring rescue analgesics were similar across both groups, and no complications were reported. Blood flow increased after LS-ICB without a corresponding increase in axillary artery diameter. Group 1 showed a tendency toward a lower perfusion index in the postoperative period.
The causal effects of inflammatory bowel disease on skin carcinoma: A two-sample Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Luo Lian , Tang Xiaowei , Hu Xinyue , Li Limin , Xu Jia , Zhong Xiaolin
Published: October 2024

Observational studies have indicated that inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients have higher incidence of skin carcinoma (SC), including melanoma skin carcinoma (MSC) and nonmelanoma skin carcinoma (NMSC) than healthy people. However, whether there is a causal relationship between the 2 is unclear. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the causality of IBD on SC using the Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. We performed a two-sample MR analysis using publicly available genome-wide association study data. Eligible instrumental variables were selected based on the 3 core assumptions of MR analysis. The inverse-variance weighted (IVW) approach served as the primary analytical method. Supplementary analyses were conducted using MR-Egger regression, the weighted median, the weighted mode, and MR pleiotropy residual sum and outlier methods. Genetically predicted IBD (IVW odds ratio [OR] = 1.07, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.02–1.13, P = .011) and ulcerative colitis (UC; IVW OR = 1.09, 95% CI: 1.03–1.16, P = .003) were associated with an increased risk of MSC. Results of complementary methods were consistent with those of the IVW method with the exception of the weighted mode. In addition, Crohn disease (CD; IVW OR = 1.04, 95% CI: 0.99–1.08, P = .128) did not have a causal effect on MSC. Moreover, IBD (IVW OR = 1.03, 95% CI: 1.00–1.07, P = .034) and CD (IVW OR = 1.03, 95% CI: 1.00–1.06, P = .045) were associated with an increased risk of NMSC. However, UC (IVW OR = 1.00, 95% CI: 0.97–1.04, P = .803) was not significantly associated with an increased risk of NMSC. Our study revealed genetically predicted associations between IBD and the risks of MSC and NMSC in European populations. Furthermore, UC was associated with an increased risk of MSC, while CD was associated with a higher risk of NMSC. However, the potential influence of immunosuppressive agents or biologics cannot be excluded.
Unveiling the significance of Gremlin-1 as a novel biomarker for enhanced severity prediction in COVID-19 patients
Authors: Celik Muhammet , Tekin Erdal , Koçak Mehmet Nuri , Uzunçakmak Sevgi Karabulut , Bayraktar Mustafa
Published: October 2024

Gremlin-1 is associated with lung disease and plays a role in the initiation and progression of pulmonary fibrosis. This suggests that Gremlin-1 may be associated with lung involvement in COVID-19 and poor clinical outcomes and warrants further investigation. This prospective, cross-sectional, single-blind study was the first to investigate Gremlin-1 levels in COVID-19 patients and whether Gremlin-1 levels could be used to predict and guide clinical follow-up in outpatients and inpatients. In this context, serum Gremlin-1 levels were measured and compared in 2 groups of patients who were diagnosed as positive for COVID-19 by RT-PCR and were followed up as outpatients (n = 28) or required hospitalization (n = 30). The median Gremlin-1 values were statistically significantly different between outpatients and intensive care unit patients (0.367 ng/mL [IQR = 0.377], 1.858 ng/mL [IQR = 2.245], respectively) (P < .0001). The area under the ROC curve value to determine the discriminative power of Gremlin-1 was found to be 0.772 (95% CI: 0.672–0.871; P < .0001), and the cutoff value of Gremlin-1 to discriminate between outpatients and hospitalized patients was found to be 1.242 ng/mL with 66.7% sensitivity and 67.2% specificity. Serum Gremlin-1 level is an important biomarker that can be used as a clinical decision-making tool for COVID-19 positive patients.
Higher erythrocytes in cerebrospinal fluid on the first and seventh postoperative day: Associated with poor outcome in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage patients
Authors: Min Jie , Zhao Yongfeng , Wang Xian , Zhao Jian
Published: October 2024

Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage is an acute cerebrovascular disease with high disability and mortality. We intended to explore the association between levels of erythrocytes in cerebrospinal fluid at different times of hemorrhage and the outcome of patients. One retrospective study including 216 patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage undergoing surgeries in the First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University from January 2020 to July 2023 was carried. The univariable analysis and multivariable logistic regression analysis were used for factors associated with poor outcome. The level of erythrocytes in cerebrospinal fluid on the 1st postoperative day in patients with poor outcome was 311 × 103/µL, significantly higher than patients with good outcome (108 × 103/µL), P < .001. The level of erythrocytes in cerebrospinal fluid on 7th postoperative day was 86.5 × 103/µL, also significantly higher than patients with good outcome (26.0 × 103/µL). The multivariable logistic regression analysis results showed that erythrocytes in cerebrospinal fluid on the 1st postoperative day (≥177 × 103/µL) and on the 7th postoperative day (≥53.5 × 103/µL) were possibly associated with poor outcome in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage patients. Treatment with tranexamic acid and continuous lumbar drainage did not result in a decrease of erythrocytes in cerebrospinal fluid. Higher erythrocytes in cerebrospinal fluid on the 1st and 7th postoperative days were associated with poor outcome in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage patients.
Research of related factors of depression in COPD patients
Authors: Zhai Qiuli , Xu Kang , Li Xiu
Published: October 2024

We aimed to investigate the related risk factors of depression in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) to detect depressed patients early and perform timely intervention to improve the disease prognosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. This cross-sectional study included COPD patients who were discharged from the First People’s Hospital of Hefei, China from October 2018 to October 2019, and all participants were diagnosed with COPD according to the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. There was no COPD exacerbation during follow-up 1 month after discharge. Psycho-cognitive disorders, psychiatric disorders or other conditions causing psychiatric symptoms were excluded. We divided stable patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease into depression group (HAM-D 24 ≥ 8) and non-depression group (<8), and compared the sociodemographic data, clinical characteristics and serum inflammatory parameters between the 2 groups. In this cross-sectional study, 100 eligible COPD patients were initially recruited, 64 of whom completed all the programs. Univariate logistic regression analysis, female, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease assessment test (CAT) score, serum interferon alpha-a (IFN-α) level, and low smoking index were associated with depression in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that high serum IFN-α level (OR = 1.099, 95% CI: 1.010–1.196; P = .028), high CAT score (OR = 1.250, 95% CI: 1.052–1.484; P = .011) and low smoking index (OR = 10.154, 95% CI: 1.886–54.664; P = .007) were significant risk factors for depression in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Our findings suggest that high serum IFN-α levels, and high CAT scores are risk factors for comorbid depression in COPD patients. Continuous high-dose smoking may aggravate the primary disease and ultimately aggravate depression.
Exploring the mechanism of Zhengxintai Formula for the treatment of coronary heart disease based on network pharmacology
Authors: Lin Zicheng , Yang Mingshuo , Wu Jiting , Pan Liming
Published: October 2024

Zhengxintai Formula (ZXT) has shown good effects in the clinical treatment of coronary atherosclerotic heart disease (CHD). However, its potential molecular mechanism for treating coronary heart disease is still unknown. The Traditional Chinese Medicine Systematic Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform and literature reviews were used to determine the active components and targets of the 6 herbs used in ZXT. Next, we searched disease target databases for targets associated with CHD. Secondly, Cytoscape was used to map the “active compounds–target” network, “protein–protein interaction” network, and “compound–target-disease” network. After that, gene ontology analysis and the pathway analysis by the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes were performed on the targets. Finally, molecular docking between the compounds and the targets was performed to verify their binding ability. The analysis obtained 116 active compounds of ZXT, corresponding to 611 targets. Thousand three hundred forty-five coronary heart disease targets were collected. Obtained 177 potential ZXT targets for coronary artery disease. Gene ontology analysis yielded 734 biological process entries, 84 cellular component entries, and 122 molecular function entries. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis revealed the key pathways such as “Fluid shear stress and atherosclerosis,” “Lipid and atherosclerosis”, and “PI3K–Akt signaling pathway.” The molecular docking results showed good binding between each screened core target and the core components. ZXT fulfills its role in the treatment of CHD through the core components and core targets that have been screened out, but the exact process still needs to be further investigated.
Optimal timeframe for achieving biochemical remission in Crohn’s disease patients treated with first-line biologics: A retrospective multicenter study
Authors: Na Ji Eun , Park Yong Eun , Park Jongha , Kim Tae-Oh , Lee Jong Hoon , Park Su Bum , Kim Soyoung , Lee Seung Bum
Published: October 2024

Predicting treatment response in Crohn’s disease (CD) patients initiating biological therapy is crucial. The first step involves considering symptom control and normalization of C-reactive protein (CRP). However, data on the actual rates of achieving CRP normalization and the appropriate timeframe are lacking. Therefore, we aim to investigate the rate of attaining CRP normalization and identify its optimal timeframe in CD patients initiating biological therapy. In this retrospective multi-center study, we analyzed moderate to severe CD patients initiating biological therapy from January 2012 to July 2023. The primary outcome was the rate and timeframe for achieving CRP normalization. Secondary outcomes included clinical outcomes in patients who achieved CRP normalization and factors associated with early CRP normalization. Of 183 patients, 123 (67.2%) achieved CRP normalization, with a median duration of 3.8 months (interquartile range 1.4 to 7.4 months). The duration and value difference for CRP normalization between anti-tumor necrosis factor agents, ustekinumab, and vedolizumab were statistically insignificant. Cumulative rates of CD-related hospitalization, intestinal resection, and drug discontinuation over 8 years were 11.4%, 2.4%, and 12.2%, respectively. The duration of CRP normalization correlates with drug discontinuation (area under the curve: 0.64). Treatment with 5-aminosalicylic acid (HR 2.77; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.26–6.11) and high albumin level (HR 1.64, 95% CI 1.04–2.61) favored early CRP normalization, whereas structuring behavior less likely than inflammatory behavior (HR 0.43, 95% CI 0.19–0.96). We have provided the actual rate of achieving CRP normalization and its appropriate timeframe as an initial target in CD treatment.
A bibliometric analysis of global research on short chain fatty acids in neurological diseases
Authors: Zhao Jiuhong , Lei Yihan , Zhang Xinyuan , Li Zhihong
Published: October 2024

Background:

The interest on short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) regulating the progress of neurological diseases has gained significant attention in recent years. This bibliometric analysis aimed to provide insights into the current state and future trends of global research on SCFAs in neurological research.

Methods:

To analysis the general trend of publications, the scientific output in this field from 1995 to 2024 was first retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection, Scopus, and PubMed with SCFAs-related and neurological diseases related terms as the subjects. Based on above publication analysis, rapid development stage was marked as 2016 to 2024 and 878 relevant original articles in rapid development stage was retrieved with the time limit from 2016 to 2024. Key bibliometric indicators were calculated and evaluated using CiteSpace with these 878 articles.

Results:

SCFAs are related to the occurrence and development of neurological diseases. China and the USA have contributed in a significant way to foster a better understanding on SCFAs in neurological diseases. The hot theme of research have gradually shifted from neurodegenerative diseases to psychical diseases. In the aspect of mechanism research, the current hotspot is inflammation. SCFAs are able to modulate oxidative stress and microglia maturation, morphology and function to intervene in the development of neurological diseases and thus SCFAs interventions are promising to treat neurological diseases. 2016 to 2024 is the fast-developing stage in this field. In this stage the publications dramatically increased and were of high quality.

Conclusion:

SCFAs in neurological research will continue to be an active area in the near future. Future trends might be correlation analysis and neurotherapeutics of SCFAs on patients with psychical diseases and deeper mechanism research is still needed.
Relapsing polychondritis in childhood: A case report
Authors: Li Peng , Chen Zhipeng , Lv Huaiqing , Lin Liqiang
Published: October 2024

Rationale:

Relapsing polychondritis (RP) is a rare immune-mediated disease that leads to progressive cartilage destruction, notably affecting the ears, nose, and airways. Timely diagnosis is essential to prevent irreversible airway damage and life-threatening complications. This study presents a case of a 12-year-old child diagnosed with RP, emphasizing the critical need for timely identification of RP in children.

Patient concerns:

A 12-year-old girl was admitted with worsening hoarseness and cough, leading to respiratory distress and severe bradycardia, requiring transfer to the pediatric intensive care unit. After successful resuscitation and tracheal intubation, imaging showed significant subglottic swelling. She received antibiotics, corticosteroids, and nebulization. Despite initial stabilization, she required a tracheostomy 2 months post-discharge due to recurrent dyspnea. Six months later, she developed joint pain and a saddle nose deformity.

Diagnoses:

The patient was clinically diagnosed with RP in accordance with the diagnostic standards set forth by Micheet et al.

Interventions:

During the initial phase of treatment, the patient was administered antibiotics, corticosteroids, and nebulization therapy. Due to severe respiratory distress, an emergency tracheostomy was performed by ear, nose, and throat surgeons. After a definitive diagnosis, the patient was treated with tocilizumab, methotrexate, and corticosteroid therapy. Additionally, supportive measures including calcium supplementation, gastric protection, and immune support were provided.

Outcomes:

Three years post-diagnosis, the patient’s condition is stable.

Lessons:

Due to RP low prevalence, diagnosis in children is frequently delayed or overlooked. Notably, involvement of the major airways is more common and severe in pediatric patients compared to adults. It is crucial for Otolaryngologists to have a comprehensive understanding of this condition to effectively diagnose and manage complications associated with RP.
Distal radius fractures and distal ulna fractures among adults in a southern China county during the 11-year-period 2010 to 2020
Authors: Huang Zhe-Kang , Zeng Wu , Li Jun , Zhu Jun-Feng
Published: October 2024

Most distal radius fractures are associated with distal ulnar fractures. However, there is still a lack of consensus on the incidence of different types of distal ulnar fractures among adults in China. Therefore, we analyzed the incidence of distal radial fractures with and without associated distal ulnar fractures among adults in a southern China county from 2010 to 2020. Registry data of 2333 patients (2351 sides) with a distal radius fracture from 2010 to 2020 underwent evaluation, encompassing parameters such as age, sex, distal radius fracture classification, fracture side, and distal ulnar fracture classification. Distal radial fractures were classified according to the AO/OTA classification. Distal ulnar fractures were examined using the Q-modifier classification. 1719 females (73.68%) and 614 males (26.32%) were included in the study. Compared to men, the incidence of distal radial fractures accompanying distal ulnar fractures in women was approximately 2.8 times higher. Additionally, 49.81% of distal radius fractures were associated with fractures of the distal ulna, while 46.44% were associated with fractures of the ulnar styloid. The most common fracture type was that of the ulnar styloid Q1 (93.73%). The mean age of female patients was 61.71 ± 12.13, while male patients had an average age of 50.63 ± 14.86. The Q1 type was the most common type of distal ulnar fracture. We also found that more females (age range: 50 years or older) had type C distal radius fractures compared to males. However, type B fractures were observed more frequently in males than in females (range: 18–49 years). Osteoporosis was believed to be the main cause of fractures in women aged >50 years old. Moreover, the peak incidence of radius fractures in males was lower than in females in different age groups.
Integrating complementary and alternative medicine in surgical care: A narrative review
Authors: Hakami Nasser
Published: October 2024

Complementary and integrative medicine (CIM) is increasingly being integrated into preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative phases to enhance patient outcomes, manage symptoms, and improve overall well-being. CIM encompasses a broad range of therapies and practices that are not typically part of conventional medical care, such as herbal and non-herbal medicine, yoga, acupuncture, meditation, chiropractic care, and dietary supplements. This review explores the existing evidence on the application, benefits, and challenges of CIM therapies and practices in surgical settings, highlighting the importance of integrating these therapies and approaches with conventional medical practices to enhance patient outcomes.
Association between the triglyceride–glucose index and spine fracture: A cross-sectional study of American adults
Authors: Geng Maosen , Lv Cheng , Zhang Ke
Published: October 2024

It is yet unknown how spine fracture in adults relate to the triglyceride–glucose (TyG) index. This study investigated the link between TyG index and spine fracture in the adult population of the United States by analyzing information derived from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Ultimately, this study comprised 10,187 participants was drawn from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2005–2010, 2013–2014, and 2017–2020). The Participants were divided into quartiles by the TyG index, and correlations between the TyG index and spine fracture were found using subgroup statistical analysis, restricted cubic spline curves, receiver operating characteristic analysis, and weighted multiple regression. Eventually, we carried 10,187 individuals, of whom 211 (2.1%) had an incident spine fracture. The results of the adjusted multivariate logistic regression analysis shows that the TyG index increased the morbidity of spine fracture (odds ratios: 1.63, 95% confidence intervals: 1.15–2.30, P = .01) and the outcome of the stratified and sensitivity analyses remained stable and indicative of a nonlinear relationship. The findings of our study indicate that an elevated TyG index is associated with an increased susceptibility to spine fracture and demonstrates a moderate level of predictive capability.
Influence of nursing intervention on patients with recurrent bacterial vaginosis treated with sucrose gel
Authors: Chen Zhihui , Xing Aimin , Yang Rui , Hu ChunYang , Han Pengfei
Published: October 2024

Background:

Bacterial vaginosis significantly affects gynecological health of women, and recurrence is common with a high prevalence in patients who received sucrose gel treatment. Evidence has found that nursing intervention has benefits in improving the rate of recurrence of gynecological diseases. The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of nursing intervention on patients with recurrent bacterial vaginosis treated with sucrose gel.

Methods:

A total of 1096 patients with bacterial vaginosis were recruited and randomly divided into the intervention nursing group (n = 548) and the control group (n = 548) between May 2022 and October 2022. Patients with bacterial vaginosis in the nursing intervention group received the individualized nursing intervention program, while patients in the control group received routine nursing for vaginitis and follow-up. The clinical efficacy and the short form health survey MOS 36 items (SF-36) scale were used to evaluate the efficacy of nursing intervention efficacy in patients with vaginosis treated with sucrose gel.

Results:

Our results indicate that the nursing intervention was associated with significant improvements in physical functioning, depression, mental health, bodily vitality pain, and symptoms related to bacterial vaginosis compared to the control group patients. The social functioning-36 score in the nursing intervention group was higher than that in the control group during the 6-month period. Nursing intervention significantly decreased the recurrence of bacterial vaginosis via improvement quality of life and psychological states.

Conclusions:

In conclusion, the data in this study indicate that the nursing intervention improves recurrent bacterial vaginosis and the quality of life of patients treated with sucrose gel.
Infection prevention in home dialysis
Authors: Al Sahlawi Muthana , Chan Christopher T. , Perl Jeffrey
Published: October 2024

Purpose of review

Among patients with kidney failure, home dialysis modalities, including peritoneal dialysis (PD) and home hemodialysis (HHD) provide several individual and healthcare system benefits over in-center hemodialysis (HD). Infection remains a major source of morbidity and mortality in this population, and a core outcome of critical importance to patients, caregivers, and kidney health professionals. This narrative review provides evidence-based measures for infection prevention among individuals receiving home dialysis, with a particular emphasis on dialysis and access-related infections.

Recent findings

Patient and care partner education and training is an important and major theme for infection prevention in home dialysis. In PD, identifying and managing modifiable risk factors for infections such as hypokalemia, constipation, use of gastric acid suppressants, and domestic pets, along with the use of antimicrobial prophylaxis, when indicated, can substantially reduce peritonitis risk. Reducing the use of central venous catheters (CVC), and duration of CVC dependence is the most effective means of prevention of HD access-related bloodstream infections in individuals receiving HHD. For arteriovenous fistula cannulation, rope ladder technique is associated with lower risk of infection compared to buttonhole cannulation.

Developing and instituting a well structured and evidence-based patient training and education program within home dialysis units is the most important measure in preventing and reducing dialysis and access-related infections. Kidney care providers should be familiar with different infection risk factors among individuals receiving home dialysis.
Effects of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors on platelet functions: a literature review
Authors: Mokhtarian Antoine , Siguret Virginie , Jourdi Georges
Published: October 2024

Purpose of review

Many epidemiological studies have evidenced an increased bleeding risk associated with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), yet the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This review summarizes data on SSRIs’ effects on platelet functions assessed with assays used in clinical practice and highlights the areas that deserve further investigation.

Recent findings

Conflicting results of SSRI effects on platelet aggregation were observed irrespectively of the agonist used, the antidepressant drug or the study type. Alike, discrepant results were reported with flow-cytometry-based assays assessing either platelet surface glycoprotein levels, integrin activation, agonist-induced secretion of intraplatelet granule content or membrane anionic phospholipid exposure. Other tests may have detected a platelet function defect in SSRIs samples, however, results were largely inconsistent.

Critical literature examination unveils very low certainty of evidence on potential SSRI effect on platelet functions. Findings are often inconsistent even when similar methods are used, most likely because of differences in study design, included patients (age, comorbid conditions), SSRIs’ type and dose, uncontrolled confounding factors, and statistical analysis power. Further studies are needed to disentangle any intrinsic antiplatelet effect of SSRIs and the multiple confounding factors, mainly the depression control itself and the degree of platelet SERT inhibition.
Rethinking Surgical Safety: Investigating the Impact of Gamified Training on Severe Flow Disruptions in Surgery
Authors: Cohen Tara , Kanji Falisha , Zamudio Jennifer , Breese Catherine , Avenido Ray , Yoshizawa Christine , Bartkowicz Stephanie , Catchpole Kenneth , Anger Jennifer
Published: October 2024

Objectives

There is a need for effective and engaging training methods to enhance technical and nontechnical skills in robotic-assisted surgery (RAS), where deficiencies can compromise safety and efficiency. This study aims to evaluate the impact of a gamified team training intervention, the “RAS Olympics,” on the safety and efficiency of RAS procedures.

Methods

The study was conducted at a 958-bed tertiary care academic medical center in with a robust robotic surgery program. A total of 56 RAS procedures (general, urology, and gynecology) were included in the analysis, with a mix of procedure types representative of the surgical caseload at the medical center. A pretest posttest experimental design was employed, comparing the frequency and severity of flow disruptions (FD) between preintervention, postintervention without “RAS Olympics” participants, and postintervention with “RAS Olympics” participants. The “RAS Olympics” involved safety hazard identification, troubleshooting, workspace navigation, instrument retrieval, and turnover optimization.

Results

Postintervention cases with “RAS Olympics” participants exhibited significantly lower overall FDs compared to the postintervention control group. The reduction was particularly notable during phase 3 (surgeon on console) and in cases involving more severe FDs.

Conclusions

Gamified team training interventions may improve the safety and efficiency of RAS procedures. The positive outcomes underscore the potential of innovative and engaging training methods to address the evolving challenges in surgical practice, emphasizing the relevance of gamification in healthcare education. As the healthcare landscape continues to advance, incorporating such interventions may be crucial in ensuring the adaptability and competence of surgical teams.
68Ga-DOTATATE and 18F-FDG PET/CT in a Rapidly Progressing Lymphoma
Authors: Parihar Ashwin Singh , Wahl Richard L. , Jahromi Amin H.
Published: October 2024

68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT targeting somatostatin receptors is commonly utilized in the imaging of neuroendocrine tumors. However, other malignancies such as lymphomas (both Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin) also have expression of somatostatin receptors, albeit to a lesser degree compared with the neuroendocrine tumors, and thus can be positive on a 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT. We describe an atypical presentation of an aggressive large B-cell lymphoma mimicking a metastatic neuroendocrine tumor at initial presentation with high somatostatin receptor expression demonstrated on the 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT and a rapidly progressing course on the subsequent 18F-FDG PET/CT.
Glove Phenomenon Detected by Total-Body PET/CT With 68GA-DOTATATE
Authors: Nalbant Hande , Mingels Clemens , Sen Fatma , Spencer Benjamin A. , Riess Jonathan W. , Nardo Lorenzo
Published: October 2024

Accidental intra-arterial injections of radiotracers are rare events resulting in a specific imaging pattern, described as “hot-forearm,” “hot-hand,” “glove-phenomenon,” or “glove-like pattern.” We present a case 68Ga-DOTATATE total-body PET/CT for restaging of a neuroendocrine tumor, where intra-arterial misinjection resulted in a glove phenomenon. Since patients may present with minimal symptoms, like in this case, and PET findings may only be seen at the distal upper extremity (placed above the head), these accidental injections may be more frequently detected with total-body PET/CT due to the longer field-of-view. Radiologists and technologists should be aware of this possibility to avoid accidental misinjections.
Atelectasis After Bilateral Costal Cartilage Ear Reconstruction
Authors: Chen Yuan , Zhuang Jun , Hu Jintian
Published: October 2024

This study, through the case analysis of 2 patients with congenital bilateral microtia, explores the causes and preventive strategies of atelectasis after bilateral rib cartilage extraction surgery. Although ear reconstruction technology is quite mature, it may lead to complications, such as atelectasis, due to thoracic surgery and general anesthesia. Pediatric patients are more prone to such complications due to narrower airways, less pulmonary surfactant, and difficulties in pain management. Therefore, for children undergoing bilateral rib cartilage extraction surgery, health care providers need to closely monitor their respiratory status, effectively manage postoperative pain, and encourage them to engage in deep breathing and coughing exercises as much as possible to prevent and improve atelectasis.
Knockout offatty acid elongase1homeoalleles in amphidiploidBrassica juncealeads to undetectable erucic acid in seed oil
Authors: Patra Neelesh , Barker Guy C. , Maiti Mrinal K.
Published: October 2024

Indian mustard (Brassica junceaL.) is a major oilseed crop with significant economic and nutritional importance within the Indian subcontinent. While its seed oil offers valuable dietary benefits, including a balanced ratio of human essential fatty acids, the traditional high oil-yielding varieties contain an elevated level of erucic acid (EA, C22:1) that is associated with adverse health effects. Therefore, developing low erucic acid (LEA) mustard cultivars is crucial for broader utilization and consumer safety. In this study, we employed CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing tools to disrupt thefatty acid elongase1(FAE1) gene that encodes a key enzyme in EA biosynthesis in two high erucic acid (HEA)B. junceacultivars, PCR7 and JD6. Targeted knockout (KO) ofBjFAE1homeoalleles (BjFAE1.1andBjFAE1.2) in this amphidiploid plant using CRISPR/Cas9 constructs, each carrying two guide RNAs led to monoallelic and biallelic mutations. Biallelic KO lines showed a near-complete elimination of EA (<0.5% in PCR7, undetectable in JD6) with a significant increase in nutritionally beneficial oleic acid (∼30% in PCR7, ∼35% in JD6), while the content of essential fatty acids also increased significantly, suggesting rerouting of carbon flux from EA biosynthesis. Importantly, these LEA lines retained key agronomic traits like plant seed yield and oil content, matching the productivity of the control elite cultivars. Our findings underscore the effectiveness of CRISPR/Cas9 technology for editingB. junceagenome, producing LEA seed oil lines with improved nutritional quality and thus expanding the applications of this important oilseed crop.