bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Possible involvement of a cell adhesion molecule, Migfilin, in brain development and pathogenesis of autism spectrum disorders
Authors: Ishizuka Kanako , Tabata Hidenori , Ito Hidenori , Kushima Itaru , Noda Mariko , Yoshimi Akira , Usami Masahide , Watanabe Kyota , Morikawa Mako , Uno Yota , Okada Takashi , Mori Daisuke , Aleksic Branko , Ozaki Norio , Nagata Koh‐ichi
Published: November 2017

Migfilin, encoded by FBLIM1 at the 1p36 locus, is a multi‐domain adaptor protein essential for various cellular processes such as cell morphology and migration. Small deletions and duplications at the 1p36 locus, monosomy of which results in neurodevelopmental disorders and multiple congenital anomalies, have also been identified in patients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, the impact of FBLIM1, the gene within 1p36, on the pathogenesis of ASD is unknown. In this study, we performed morphological analyses of migfilin to elucidate its role in brain development. Migfilin was detected specifically in the embryonic and perinatal stages of the mouse brain. Either silencing or overexpression of migfilin in embryos following in utero electroporation disrupted Neocortical neuronal migration. Additionally, neurite elongation was impaired when migfilin was silenced in cultured mouse hippocampal neurons. We then screened FBLIM1 for rare exonic deletions/duplications in 549 Japanese ASD patients and 824 controls, detecting one case of ASD and intellectual delay that harbored a 26‐kb deletion at 1p36.21 that solely included the C‐terminal exon of FBLIM1. The FBLIM1 mRNA expression level in this case was reduced compared to levels in individuals without FBLIM1 deletion. Our findings indicate that tightly regulated expression of migfilin is essential for neuronal development and that FBLIM1 disruption may be related to the phenotypes associated with ASD and related neurodevelopmental disorders.
High‐throughput LC–MS/MS method with 96‐well plate precipitation for the determination of arotinolol and amlodipine in a small volume of rat plasma: Application to a pharmacokinetic interaction study
Authors: Qian Zheyuan , Le Jian , Chen Xiujuan , Li Shengni , Song Hongjie , Hong Zhanying
Published: November 2017

A rapid, sensitive, and selective liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry method was developed and fully validated for the simultaneous quantification of arotinolol and amlodipine in rat plasma. Two internal standards were introduced with metoprolol as the internal standard of arotinolol and (S)‐amlodipine‐d4 as the internal standard of amlodipine. The analytes were isolated from 50.0 μL plasma samples by a simple protein precipitation using acetonitrile. The chromatographic separation was achieved in 5 min on a C18 column. The mobile phase consisted of phase A 5% methanol and phase B 95% methanol (both containing 0.5% formic acid and 5 mM ammonium acetate) and was delivered in gradient elution at 0.300 mL/min. Quantification was performed in multiple reaction monitoring mode with the transition m/z 372.1 → 316.1 for arotinolol, m/z 268.2 → 116.2 for metoprolol, m/z 409.1 → 238.1 for amlodipine and m/z 413.1 → 238.1 for (S)‐amlodipine‐d4. Linearity was obtained over the range of 0.200–40.0 ng/mL for arotinolol (r2 = 0.9988) and 0.500–100 ng/mL for amlodipine (r2 = 0.9985) in rat plasma. The validated data have met the acceptance criteria in FDA guideline. This method was successfully applied to a pharmacokinetic interaction study in rats, and the results indicated that there was no significant drug–drug interaction between arotinolol and amlodipine.
Examination of olfactory training effectiveness in relation to its complexity and the cause of olfactory loss
Authors: Oleszkiewicz Anna , Hanf Sandra , Whitcroft Katie L. , Haehner Antje , Hummel Thomas
Published: November 2017

Objective

Although the effectiveness of olfactory training (OT) had already been documented, the optimal regimen for such training remains unexplored. We examined whether the complexity of OT, namely alteration of odor quantity and quality, increases its effectiveness.

Design

One‐hundred eight patients (Mage = 60.1 ± 1) with postinfectious (n = 57) or idiopathic (n = 51) olfactory dysfunction underwent OT preceded and followed by examination of olfactory function.

Methods

Subjects were randomly assigned to one of the three experimental conditions: 1) simple training comprising four basic, single‐molecule substances; 2) complex training involving four odor mixtures; and 3) odor‐altering training in which patients changed sets of mixtures every 2 months.

Results

The analysis of variance revealed that the benefit seen in this sample was not affected by the complexity of OT with regard to odor mixtures or alteration of odor type. The highest increase of the Sniffin' Sticks (Burghardt GmbH; Wedel, Germany) threshold, discrimination, and identification (and overall TDI) score was observed in postinfectious patients.

Conclusion

We conclude that the outcomes of OT are not strongly influenced by the training regimen. However, further investigation of OT regimens is required, particularly with regard to training duration.

Level of Evidence

2b. Laryngoscope, 128:1518–1522, 2018
Lack of long‐term add‐on effect by montelukast in postoperative chronic rhinosinusitis patients with nasal polyps
Authors: Van Gerven Laura , Langdon Cristobal , Cordero Arturo , Cardelús Sara , Mullol Joaquim , Alobid Isam
Published: November 2017

Objectives/Hypothesis

Eosinophils and mast cells are among the key cells in inflammatory diseases like chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) and asthma. Leukotriene antagonists have proven to be effective in the treatment of asthma, but data about their efficacy in CRS are scarce, whereas data on montelukast as an add‐on treatment to intranasal corticosteroids (INCS) in a postoperative setting are completely lacking.

Study Design

Prospective, randomized, open‐label trial.

Methods

In this trial with long‐term follow‐up, we evaluated the efficacy of montelukast as an add‐on treatment to INCS in postoperative CRS with nasal polyp (CRSwNP) patients. CRSwNP patients (N = 72) undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery were randomized in two arms for the postoperative treatment. One group (N = 36) received INCS in monotherapy, whereas the other group (N = 36) received INCS in association with montelukast for 1 year. The efficacy of montelukast with INCS was evaluated by assessing both subjective (total five‐symptom score [T5SS]) and objective (nasal polyp score [NPS], Lund‐Mackay [LMK] score, and subjective olfactometry [Barcelona Smell Test 24]) outcome parameters and compared with the gold standard of INCS in monotherapy.

Results

After 1 year of surgery, T5SS, NPS, and LMK score were significantly reduced in patients treated with either INCS or INCS plus montelukast, without significant differences between the two treatment arms. Improvement of smell loss by olfactometry was also observed with no differences between arms. Similar findings were observed at 3 and 6 months.

Conclusions

These results suggest that the addition of montelukast to INCS should not be recommended in the treatment of postoperative CRSwNP patients.

Level of Evidence

1b Laryngoscope, 1743–1751, 2018
New Process for Narrow Pipes
Authors: Herrling‐Tusch Ursula
Published: November 2017

The greatest challenge in many processes is not the question of “How” but of “How long”. All too often, tool breakage or damage leads to unplanned production stops.
When Robot Precision Becomes a Decisive Competitive Advantage
Authors: Wonka Siegfried
Published: November 2017

More than forty employees are engaged in the design and construction of welding systems at Conntronic Prozess‐ und Automatisierungstechnik GmbH. In its almost 15‐year‐old history, the company has built up numerous core competencies. These include CD machines and systems, special systems on the basis of resistance welding technology or robot‐driven laser welding and cutting systems.
A spiral‐based volumetric acquisition for MR temperature imaging
Authors: Fielden Samuel W. , Feng Xue , Zhao Li , Miller G. Wilson , Geeslin Matthew , Dallapiazza Robert F. , Elias W. Jeffrey , Wintermark Max , Butts Pauly Kim , Meyer Craig H.
Published: November 2017

Purpose

To develop a rapid pulse sequence for volumetric MR thermometry.

Methods

Simulations were carried out to assess temperature deviation, focal spot distortion/blurring, and focal spot shift across a range of readout durations and maximum temperatures for Cartesian, spiral‐out, and retraced spiral‐in/out (RIO) trajectories. The RIO trajectory was applied for stack‐of‐spirals 3D imaging on a real‐time imaging platform and preliminary evaluation was carried out compared to a standard 2D sequence in vivo using a swine brain model, comparing maximum and mean temperatures measured between the two methods, as well as the temporal standard deviation measured by the two methods.

Results

In simulations, low‐bandwidth Cartesian trajectories showed substantial shift of the focal spot, whereas both spiral trajectories showed no shift while maintaining focal spot geometry. In vivo, the 3D sequence achieved real‐time 4D monitoring of thermometry, with an update time of 2.9–3.3 s.

Conclusion

Spiral imaging, and RIO imaging in particular, is an effective way to speed up volumetric MR thermometry. Magn Reson Med 79:3122–3127, 2018. © 2017 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
Fast evaluation and high accuracy finite element approximation for the time fractional subdiffusion equation
Authors: Ren Jincheng , Mao Shipeng , Zhang Jiwei
Published: November 2017

In this article, an efficient algorithm for the evaluation of the Caputo fractional derivative and the superconvergence property of fully discrete finite element approximation for the time fractional subdiffusion equation are considered. First, the space semidiscrete finite element approximation scheme for the constant coefficient problem is derived and supercloseness result is proved. The time discretization is based on the L1‐type formula, whereas the space discretization is done using, the fully discrete scheme is developed. Under some regularity assumptions, the superconvergence estimate is proposed and analyzed. Then, extension to the case of variable coefficients is also discussed. To reduce the computational cost, the fast evaluation scheme of the Caputo fractional derivative to solve the fractional diffusion equations is designed. Finally, numerical experiments are presented to support the theoretical results.
Impact of radiation therapy and extent of resection for ependymoma in young children: A population‐based study
Authors: Snider C.A. , Yang K. , Mack S.C. , Suh J.H. , Chao S.T. , Merchant T.E. , Murphy E.S.
Published: November 2017

Background

Young children with posterior fossa ependymoma (PF‐EPN) have a worse prognosis than older children, and they have a unique molecular profile (PF‐EPN‐A subtype). Alternative treatment strategies are often used in these young patients, and their prognostic factors are less clear.

Methods

We characterized the prognostic factors and treatment outcomes of 482 patients between ages 0 and 3 years with the diagnosis of ependymoma identified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results registry (1973–2013).

Results

Radiation therapy (RT) was delivered to 52.3% of patients, and gross total resection (GTR) was performed in 51.0% of patients. Overall survival (OS) at 10 years was 48.4% with median follow‐up of 3.3 years. WHO grade was not predictive of OS. Extent of resection was significant for survival; the 10‐year OS with GTR was 61.0%, and with subtotal resection (STR) and biopsy was 38.2% and 35.0%, respectively (P < 0.001). RT significantly benefitted OS for both grades II and III. The 10‐year OS for grade II was 50.5% with RT and 43.4% without (P = 0.030); 10‐year OS for grade III was 66.0% with RT and 40.0% without (P = 0.002). Multivariate analysis showed significantly improved OS with RT (hazard ratio [HR] 0.601, 95% CI: 0.439–0.820, P = 0.001) and GTR (HR 0.471, 95% CI: 0.328–0.677, P < 0.0001).

Conclusions

Ependymoma outcomes in patients within 0–3 years of age significantly improved with RT and GTR. Histopathologic grading of ependymoma demonstrated no prognostic significance. Given the poor OS for this population and unique genetic profile, future prospective studies with molecular‐based stratification should be performed to evaluate additional prognostic factors.
Deep vein thrombosis in pediatric patients
Authors: Jaffray Julie , Young Guy
Published: November 2017

Due to advances in caring for critically ill children and those with chronic diseases, rates of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) are increasing in children. Risk factors consist of central venous catheters, chronic medical conditions, thrombophilia, and various medications. Compression Doppler ultrasonography is the method most commonly used to diagnose DVT, and patients will usually present with pain and swelling of the affected limb. Anticoagulation via subcutaneous injection is the most common treatment regime for children with DVT, and the new, direct oral anticoagulants are currently under investigation. Prevention techniques are not established, but clinical studies are addressing this need.
Effects of Diflunisal on Platelet Function and Fecal Blood Loss
Authors: Green David , Davies Richard O. , Holmes Geoffrey I. , Kohl Helga , Lee Robyn B. , Reynolds Nancy , Schmid Frank R. , Ts'ao Chung-hsin
Published: November 2017

The effects of diflunisal, a nonacetylated difluorinated salicylate, on platelet function were compared with those of aspirin and placebo. In a randomized, double‐blind trial, normal subjects were given diflunisal, 250, 500, or 1,000 mg twice daily; aspirin, 650 or 1,300 mg twice daily; or placebo for 8‐day periods. Diflunisal, 250 mg, had no effect on platelet function, whereas 500 mg induced minimal inhibition of collagen‐induced release of platelet serotonin, and 1,000 mg inhibited platelet malondialdehyde production, moderately prolonged template bleeding times (p = NS), and increased fecal blood loss (p < 0.05). In contrast, aspirin, 650 mg, markedly inhibited collagen‐induced platelet aggregation and serotonin release, and 1,300 mg prolonged bleeding time (p < 0.01) and increased fecal blood loss (p < 0.01). The effects of aspirin lasted for up to 5 days, whereas changes induced by diflunisal had returned to baseline 24 hours after the drug was discontinued. We conclude that in doses in the same range as those of aspirin diflunisal inhibits platelet function less.
Study of the Elaboration of HMX and HMX Composites by the Spray Flash Evaporation Process
Authors: Pichot Vincent , Seve Aymeric , Berthe Jean‐Edouard , Schnell Fabien , Spitzer Denis
Published: November 2017

The Spray Flash Evaporation (SFE) process invented and developed at the NS3E laboratory allows obtaining different nanosized explosives (TNT, RDX, CL‐20…). This process is based on the very fast evaporation of the solvent due to the drastic modification of pressure and temperature leading to the crystallization of the molecules present in solution into nanometric or submicrometric particles. Here, we show the possibility to prepare pure HMX (Octahydro‐1,3,5,7‐tetranitro‐1,3,5,7‐tetrazocine) or HMX based composites at the nanoscale using this process. This study mainly focuses on the size, morphology and crystallographic phases obtained for HMX and HMX/TNT composites depending on the experimental conditions (temperature, pressure, solution concentration…) used during the elaboration. For this purpose, the results obtained from scanning electron microscopy, X‐ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy are discussed.
The effectiveness of stabilising exercises in pelvic girdle pain during pregnancy and after delivery: A systematic review
Authors: Almousa S. , Lamprianidou E. , Kitsoulis G.
Published: November 2017

Background

Pelvic girdle pain is a common musculoskeletal disorder which affects women during pregnancy and the postpartum period. In previous years, physiotherapists have focused on managing pelvic girdle pain through stabilizing exercises.

Purpose

The aim of this study was to systematically review studies investigating the effectiveness of the stabilizing exercises for pelvic girdle pain during pregnancy and the postpartum period.

Methods

The following electronic databases were utilized to search for eligible studies: MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Physiotherapy Evidence Database, and Cochrane Library. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were defined a priori. The quality assessment was performed by the two reviewers independently using the PEDro scale (Physiotherapy Evidence‐based Database).

Results

Six studies were identified as eligible with the inclusion and exclusion criteria. All studies evaluated the pain as an outcome measure. The evidence conflicted between the studies. Two studies showed that stabilizing exercises decrease pain and improve the quality of life for pregnant women when they are carried out on a regular basis. There is some limited evidence that stabilizing exercises decrease pain for postpartum women too.

Conclusion

In summary, there is limited evidence for the clinician to conclude on the effectiveness of stabilizing exercises in treating pelvic girdle pain during pregnancy and the postpartum periods.
A comparative study of viral capsids and bacterial compartments reveals an enriched understanding of shell dynamics
Authors: Song Guang
Published: November 2017

In this work, we carry out a comparative study of the homo 360‐mer structures of viral capsids and bacterial compartments. Different from viral 360‐mers that all are arranged on a skewed right‐handed icosahedral lattice with a triangulation number T of 7, the new 360‐mer structure of AaLS‐13, an engineered bacterial compartment, offers a novel open conformation that has a unique unskewed lattice arrangement with a triangulation number T of 1 and large keyhole‐shaped pores in the shell. By comparing their differences, we are able to predict a closed conformation of AaLS‐13 that has the same lattice arrangement as existing viral capsid structures and in which all the keyhole‐shaped pores are shut. We find that there is a smooth transition pathway between the open and closed conformations. There exists another close conformation but with an opposite, left handedness, which, however, is not kinetically accessible from the open conformation. Our finding thus provides a clue why existing 360‐mer capsid structures all share the same right handedness. We further show that the conformation transition between the open and closed forms aligns extremely well with the intrinsic dynamics of the system as revealed from normal mode analysis, indicating that conformation transition can be fully driven by thermal fluctuations. The significance of this work is that it provides a better understanding of shell dynamics of both viral capsids and bacterial compartments, paving a way for future study of pore dynamics and the selective permeability of these systems.
Theoretical Study on the Piezoelectric Performance of Lead‐Free 1–3‐Type Composites
Authors: Topolov Vitaly Yu. , Bowen Christopher R. , Isaeva Ashura N. , Panich Alexander A.
Published: November 2017

The paper is devoted to the analysis of high‐performance piezo‐composites based on lead‐free ferroelectric single crystals. The composite consists of parallelepiped‐shaped single‐crystal rods which are surrounded by a laminar polymer matrix, and the composite as a whole is described by 1–2–2 connectivity. Such a composite structure promotes high piezoelectric sensitivity and hydrostatic response. Of particular interest are piezoelectric coefficients and , squared figure of merit , electromechanical coupling factor at the thickness‐mode oscillation, and hydrostatic parameters and . The influence of the laminar matrix on the aforementioned parameters is studied in a wide volume‐fraction range. Examples of maxima and large anisotropy of some effective parameters are discussed for the 1–2–2 composites based on [Lix(K1−yNay)1−x](Nb1−zTaz)O3:Mn single crystals. The role of elastic properties of the laminar matrix in achieving large hydrostatic parameters and piezoelectric anisotropy of these composites is emphasised. Their effective parameters are compared to those of composites based on the lead‐containing relaxor‐ferroelectric single crystals and to specific parameters of poled textured ceramics. Advantages of the studied composites over the relaxor‐ferroelectric‐based composites and textured ceramics open up new possibilities to apply the 1–3‐type lead‐free composites as active elements of piezoelectric sensors, hydrophones, energy‐harvesting, and transducer devices.
Maximum Poisson's Ratios in Planar Isotropic Crystals of Binary Hard Discs at High Pressures
Authors: Tretiakov Konstantin V. , Bilski Mikołaj , Wojciechowski Krzysztof W.
Published: November 2017

Several isotropic two‐dimensional crystalline structures are described that exhibit maximum values of the Poisson's ratio at very high pressures. The considered crystals are formed by hard discs of two different diameters which are very close to each other. The investigations of the models are based on Monte Carlo simulations in the isobaric–isothermal ensemble with variable shape of the periodic box.
Shaping Luminescent Properties of Yb3+ and Ho3+ Co‐Doped Upconverting Core–Shell β‐NaYF4 Nanoparticles by Dopant Distribution and Spacing
Authors: Pilch Aleksandra , Würth Christian , Kaiser Martin , Wawrzyńczyk Dominika , Kurnatowska Michalina , Arabasz Sebastian , Prorok Katarzyna , Samoć Marek , Strek Wiesław , Resch‐Genger Ute , Bednarkiewicz Artur
Published: November 2017

At the core of luminescence color and lifetime tuning of rare earth doped upconverting nanoparticles (UCNPs), is the understanding of the impact of the particle architecture for commonly used sensitizer (S) and activator (A) ions. In this respect, a series of core@shell NaYF4 UCNPs doped with Yb3+ and Ho3+ ions are presented here, where the same dopant concentrations are distributed in different particle architectures following the scheme: YbHo core and YbHo@…, …@YbHo, Yb@Ho, Ho@Yb, YbHo@Yb, and Yb@YbHo core–shell NPs. As revealed by quantitative steady‐state and time‐resolved luminescence studies, the relative spatial distribution of the A and S ions in the UCNPs and their protection from surface quenching has a critical impact on their luminescence characteristics. Although the increased amount of Yb3+ ions boosts UCNP performance by amplifying the absorption, the Yb3+ ions can also efficiently dissipate the energy stored in the material through energy migration to the surface, thereby reducing the overall energy transfer efficiency to the activator ions. The results provide yet another proof that UC phosphor chemistry combined with materials engineering through intentional core@shell structures may help to fine‐tune the luminescence features of UCNPs for their specific future applications in biosensing, bioimaging, photovoltaics, and display technologies.
A systematic mapping study of information visualization for software product line engineering
Authors: Lopez‐Herrejon Roberto Erick , Illescas Sheny , Egyed Alexander
Published: November 2017

Software product lines (SPLs) are families of related systems whose members are distinguished by the set of features they provide. Over 2 decades of research and practice can attest to the substantial benefits of applying SPL practices such as better customization, improved software reuse, and faster time to market. Software product line engineering (SPLE) refers to the paradigm of developing SPLs. Typical SPLE efforts involve a large number of features that are combined to form also large numbers of products, implemented using multiple and different types of software artifacts. Because of the sheer amount of information and its complexity, visualization techniques have been used for different SPLE activities. In this paper, we present an extended systematic mapping study on this subject. Our research questions aim to gather information regarding the techniques that have been applied, at what SPLE activities, how they were implemented, the publication fora used, the methods of empirical evaluation, and the provenance of the evaluation examples. Our driving goal is to identify common trends, gaps, and opportunities for further research and application.
A class of flexible models for analysis of complex structured correlated data with application to clustered longitudinal data
Authors: Yi Grace Y. , He Wenqing , Li Haocheng
Published: November 2017

Generalized linear mixed models have been widely used in correlated data analysis. The applicability of these models is, however, hampered when data possess multilevel complex association structures. For instance, for longitudinal data arising in clusters, modelling complexity is a serious issue, and it is desirable to develop flexible models that are both computationally manageable and interpretatively meaningful. For these purposes, we propose a new class of flexible models, pairwise generalized linear mixed models, to facilitate correlated data that may possess multilevel complex association structures. Inferential procedures are developed to accommodate the proposed modelling framework, and asymptotic properties of the proposed method are established. The proposed models are evaluated through numerical studies. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Assessing the net section resistance and ductility requirements of EN 1993‐1‐1 and EN 1993‐1‐12
Authors: Feldmann Markus , Schaffrath Simon
Published: November 2017

In Eurocode 3 the strength functions are derived from simple engineering models, which always require a certain degree of material ductility. With regard to high‐strength steels and the accuracy of the design models themselves, several problems are involved due to a lack of sound consideration of the plastification and damage process. Additionally, the current ductility requirements of EC3 obstruct the use of high‐strength steels with fy ≥ 500 MPa. Within the current revision of EC3, comprehensive investigations have been conducted to overcome these obstacles. To complement extensive experimental tests, improved numerical methods considering damage mechanics have been used to predict the real plastification and damage process for relevant details. The numerical models were validated by comparing them with experimental results. Subsequently, a parametric study was conducted to investigate the influence of strength and toughness properties separately. It could be shown that the reduction factor of 0.9 to account for the net section resistance can be omitted if cracks can be excluded. Furthermore, it became clear that a strain requirement based on the uniform elongation εu is not appropriate. Moreover, it was revealed that the yield ratio fu/fy has a significant impact on the toughness requirements necessary to reach the full net section resistance. Owing to a lack of minimum upper‐shelf toughness requirements in delivery standards, which would secure an appropriate inner damage resistance of the material, a substitution criterion is proposed.
Noninvasive and cost‐effective trapping method for monitoring sensitive mammal populations
Authors: Trapp Stephanie E. , Flaherty Elizabeth A.
Published: November 2017

Noninvasive sampling methods provide a means to monitor endangered, threatened, or sensitive species or populations while increasing the efficacy of personnel effort and time. We developed a monitoring protocol that utilizes single‐capture hair snares and analysis of morphological features of hair for evaluating populations. During 2015, we used the West Virginia northern flying squirrel (Glaucomys sabrinus fuscus) in the Monongahela National Forest, West Virginia, USA, to test the feasibility of using this protocol to sample a sensitive mammal species found at low densities in challenging terrain and inclement weather conditions. Our hair snare was successful in collecting hair from 316 squirrels of 3 species with 99.4% single captures and only 1 permanent capture. Using morphological analysis, we differentiated among northern flying squirrels, southern flying squirrels (G. volans), and red squirrels (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus) using 8 morphological measurements and an orthogonal discriminant function analysis to successfully refine and confirm identification of the hair. We advocate the use of this relatively noninvasive and inexpensive protocol for studying other sensitive wildlife species. © 2017 The Wildlife Society.
No radiative generation of Chern-Simons-like term in Lorentz-violating QED: dealing with IR divergences
Authors: Del Cima O.M. , Franco D.H.T. , Piguet O.
Published: November 2017

Abstract

The issue intensively claimed in the literature on the generation of a CPT-odd and Lorentz violating Chern-Simons-like term by radiative corrections owing to a CPT violating interaction — the axial coupling of fermions with a constant vector field b

μ
— is mistaken. The presence of massless gauge field triggers IR divergences that might show up from the UV subtractions, therefore, so as to deal with the (actual physical) IR divergences, the Lowenstein-Zimmermann subtraction scheme, in the framework of BPHZL renormalization method, has to be adopted. The proof on the non generation of such a Chern-Simons-like term is done, independent of any kind of regularization scheme, at all orders in perturbation theory.
Truth, knowledge, and the standard of proof in criminal law
Authors: Littlejohn Clayton
Published: November 2017

Could it be right to convict and punish defendants using only statistical evidence? In this paper, I argue that it is not and explain why it would be wrong. This is difficult to do because there is a powerful argument for thinking that weshouldconvict and punish defendants using statistical evidence. It looks as if the relevant cases are cases of decision under risk and it seems we know what we should do in such cases (i.e., maximize expected value). Given some standard assumptions about the values at stake, the case for convicting and punishing using statistical evidence seems solid. In trying to show where this argument goes wrong, I shall argue (against Lockeans, reliabilists, and others) that beliefs supported only by statistical evidence are epistemically defective and (against Enoch, Fisher, and Spectre) that these epistemic considerations should matter to the law. To solve the puzzle about the role of statistical evidence in the law, we need to revise some commonly held assumptions about epistemic value and defend the relevance of epistemology to this practical question.
Varicella-zoster virus ORF7 interacts with ORF53 and plays a
role in its trans-Golgi network localization
Authors: Wang Wei , Fu Wenkun , Pan Dequan , Cai Linli , Ye Jianghui , Liu Jian , Liu Che , Que Yuqiong , Xia Ningshao , Zhu Hua , Cheng Tong
Published: November 2017

Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) is a neurotropic alphaherpesvirus that causes
chickenpox and shingles. ORF7 is an important virulence determinant of VZV in both
human skin and nerve tissues, however, its specific function and involved molecular
mechanism in VZV pathogenesis remain largely elusive. Previous yeast two-hybrid
studies on intraviral protein-protein interaction network in herpesviruses have
revealed that VZV ORF7 may interact with ORF53, which is a virtually unstudied but
essential viral protein. The aim of this study is to identify and characterize VZV
ORF53, and to investigate its relationship with ORF7. For this purpose, we prepared
monoclonal antibodies against ORF53 and, for the first time, characterized it as a
~40 kDa viral protein predominantly localizing to the trans-Golgi network of the
infected host cell. Next, we further confirmed the interaction between ORF7 and
ORF53 by co-immunoprecipitation and co-localization studies in both
plasmid-transfected and VZV-infected cells. Moreover, interestingly, we found that
ORF53 lost its trans-Golgi network localization and became dispersed in the
cytoplasm of host cells infected with an ORF7-deleted recombinant VZV, and thus ORF7
seems to play a role in normal subcellular localization of ORF53. Collectively,
these results suggested that ORF7 and ORF53 may function as a complex during
infection, which may be implicated in VZV pathogenesis.
Hyperbolicity versus non-hyperbolic ergodic measures inside homoclinic classes
Authors: CHENG CHENG , CROVISIER SYLVAIN , GAN SHAOBO , WANG XIAODONG , YANG DAWEI
Published: November 2017

We prove that, for $C^{1}$-generic diffeomorphisms, if a homoclinic class is not hyperbolic, then there is a non-trivial non-hyperbolic ergodic measure supported on it. This proves a conjecture by Díaz and Gorodetski.
Reimagining the “America” in American Catholicism
Authors: Portier William L.
Published: November 2017

Your faces bring back memories of thirty-six previous CTS convention banquets. The first was in 1979. It was held at Trinity College in Washington. I was a graduate student. Bill Cenkner was president. I'm here tonight, warts and all, where Bill stood in 1979. I think of Gerry Sloyan, Vera Chester, Dolores Greeley, Mary Lea Schneider, and the rest. To a much younger me they loomed larger than life. Tonight I want to thank you for the honor of serving briefly with them in the long line of our society's presidents. And a special thanks to my family, who made the trip to Newport to be here with us tonight.
Select Document: John Hampden Jackson, ‘Finland and Ireland: assorted comparisons’ (1937)
Authors: Newby Andrew G. , Mc Mahon Richard
Published: November 2017

This select document is an annotated translation of John Hampden Jackson’s 1937 Finnish-language text ‘Finland and Ireland: assorted comparisons’, an article previously unavailable in English. It represents an intriguing and extended instance of the generalised comparisons that were made between Irish and Finnish history by observers from the nineteenth century onwards. Therefore, as an example of a mid-twentieth-century primer of the two countries’ ‘parallel histories’, Hampden Jackson’s article is an excellent resource. Moreover, although Hampden Jackson had carved out a niche by the 1930s as an expert on Finland, his reflections on Ireland expose a rather patchy and superficial knowledge, and arguably a degree of condescension. Some of the value of translating this article is that it exposes attitudes of the (broadly-defined) British Left towards Ireland in the 1930s, and particularly the way these were presented, in comparisons with other countries, to an overseas audience.
Fine-scale turbulent bursts in stable atmospheric boundary layer in complex terrain
Authors: Kit E. , Hocut C. M. , Liberzon D. , Fernando H. J. S.
Published: November 2017

Turbulence in the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) is usually measured using sonic anemometers (sonics), but coarse spatial (${\sim}10$ cm) and temporal (${\sim}32$ Hz) resolutions of sonics preclude direct measurement of fine-scale parameters such as the turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) dissipation rate$\unicode[STIX]{x1D700}$. Instead,$\unicode[STIX]{x1D700}$is estimated using techniques based on Kolmogorov theory. Fine-scale measurements of ABL turbulence down to Kolmogorov scale were made with a sonic and hot-film anemometer dyad (a ‘combo’ probe) during the field campaigns of the Mountain Terrain Atmospheric Modeling and Observations (MATERHORN) programme. The hot-film probe was located on a gimbal within the sonic probe volume, and was automated to rotate in the horizontal plane to align with the mean flow measured by sonic. This procedure not only helped satisfy the requirement of hot-film alignment with the mean flow, but also allowedin situcalibration of hot-film probes. This paper analyses a period of nocturnal flow that was similar to a stratified parallel shear flow. The combo-probe measurements showed an interesting phenomenon – the occurrence of strong bursts, characterized by short-term increase of velocity fluctuations and simultaneous increase of TKE dissipation rate by orders of magnitude. These bursts were indicative of unusual turbulence activity at finer (${\sim}0.1$–0.4 m) scales that are not captured by sonics since the smallest scales resolved by the latter are greater than 0.6 m. With bursting present, the spectra exhibited bumps at scales intermediate to inertial and dissipation subranges, resembling a bottleneck phenomenon. Its manifestation, although unequivocally related to bursts, may not convincingly fit into the framework of previous bottleneck-effect theories that allude to either viscous effects or buoyancy effects modifying the local energy cascade via non-local effects. The origins of burst are yet to be identified. Stratified ABL with bursts exhibits non-Kolmogorov behaviour, and hence should be modelled with caution.
Fundamental solutions to the regularised 13-moment equations: efficient computation of three-dimensional kinetic effects
Authors: Claydon Rory , Shrestha Abhay , Rana Anirudh S. , Sprittles James E. , Lockerby Duncan A.
Published: November 2017

Fundamental solutions (Green’s functions) are derived for the regularised 13-moment system (R13) of rarefied gas dynamics, for small departures from equilibrium; these solutions show the presence of Knudsen layers, associated with exponential decay terms, that do not feature in the solution of lower-order systems (e.g. the Navier–Stokes–Fourier equations). Incorporation of these new fundamental solutions into a numerical framework based on the method of fundamental solutions (MFS) allows for efficient computation of three-dimensional gas microflows at remarkably low computational cost. The R13-MFS approach accurately recovers analytic solutions for low-speed flow around a stationary sphere and heat transfer from a hot sphere (for which a new analytic solution has been derived), capturing non-equilibrium flow phenomena missing from lower-order solutions. To demonstrate the potential of the new approach, the influence of kinetic effects on the hydrodynamic interaction between approaching solid microparticles is calculated. Finally, a programme of future work based on the initial steps taken in this article is outlined.
Tracing Hi Beyond the Local Universe
Authors: Meyer Martin , Robotham Aaron , Obreschkow Danail , Westmeier Tobias , Duffy Alan R. , Staveley-Smith Lister
Published: November 2017

The SKA and its pathfinders will enable studies of H i emission at higher redshifts than ever before. In moving beyond the local Universe, this will require the use of cosmologically appropriate formulae that have traditionally been simplified to their low-redshift approximations. In this paper, we summarise some of the most important relations for tracing H i emission in the SKA era, and present an online calculator to assist in the planning and analysis of observations (http://hifi.icrar.org).
ON A THEOREM OF KANG AND LIU ON FACTORISED GROUPS
Authors: BALLESTER-BOLINCHES A. , PEDRAZA-AGUILERA M. C.
Published: November 2017

Kang and Liu [‘On supersolvability of factorized finite groups’, Bull. Math. Sci.3 (2013), 205–210] investigate the structure of finite groups that are products of two supersoluble groups. The goal of this note is to give a correct proof of their main theorem.
HOMOGENEOUS FUNCTIONALLY ALEXANDROFF SPACES
Authors: LAZAAR SAMI , RICHMOND TOM , SABRI HOUSSEM
Published: November 2017

A function $f:X\rightarrow X$ determines a topology $P(f)$ on $X$ by taking the closed sets to be those sets $A\subseteq X$ with $f(A)\subseteq A$. The topological space $(X,P(f))$ is called a functionally Alexandroff space. We completely characterise the homogeneous functionally Alexandroff spaces.
Haemoparasites of the pied flycatcher: inter-population variation in the prevalence and community composition
Authors: Dubiec Anna , Podmokła Edyta , Harnist Iga , Mazgajski Tomasz D.
Published: November 2017

The prevalence and community composition of haemoparasites can substantially differ among avian host populations, which may lead to different selection pressures. Therefore, information about these parameters is crucial for understanding, e.g. the inter-population variation in host life history traits. Here, we molecularly screened a population of a long-distance migrant, the pied flycatcherFicedula hypoleuca, from central Poland for the presence of three genera of blood parasites:Haemoproteus,PlasmodiumandTrypanosoma. The infection rate in this population was the highest for haemosporidians (86·8%) and one of the highest for trypanosomes (39·7%) among the thus far screened breeding populations of this species. The haemosporidian community was composed of sixHaemoproteus/Plasmodiumlineages, and the trypanosome community – 4 species and a parasite assigned to genus level. Trypanosomes were dominated byT. culicavium, a recently described species, corroborating the prediction that insectivorous songbirds are vertebrate hosts of this parasite. Host sex and age did not explain variation in infection incidence except for the higher trypanosome infection rates in males. A comparison of the study population with three other breeding populations previously screened molecularly for haemosporidians showed some geographic differences. This study confirms the importance of examining local parasite communities across a host distribution range.
Parasite-mediated host behavioural modifications:Gyrodactylus turnbulliinfected Trinidadian guppies increase contact rates with uninfected conspecifics
Authors: Reynolds Michael , Arapi Elisavet A. , Cable Jo
Published: November 2017

While group formation provides antipredatory defences, increases foraging efficiency and mating opportunities, it can be counterintuitive by promoting disease transmission amongst social hosts. Upon introduction of a pathogen, uninfected individuals often modify their social preferences to reduce infection risk. Infected hosts also exhibit behavioural changes, for example, removing themselves from a group to prevent an epidemic. Conversely, here we show how Trinidadian guppies infected with a directly transmitted ectoparasite,Gyrodactylus turnbulli, significantly increase their contact rates with uninfected conspecifics. As uninfected fish never perform this behaviour, this is suggestive of a parasite-mediated behavioural response of infected hosts, presumably to offload their parasites. In the early stages of infection, however, such behavioural modifications are ineffective in alleviating parasite burdens. Additionally, we show that fish exposed toG. turnbulliinfections for a second time, spent less time associating than those exposed to parasites for the first time. We speculate that individuals build and retain an infection cue repertoire, enabling them to rapidly recognize and avoid infectious conspecifics. This study highlights the importance of considering host behavioural modifications when investigating disease transmission dynamics.
The Nature of the Humanities
Authors: van Woudenberg René
Published: November 2017

In this paper I aim to state the nature of the humanities, contrasting them with the natural sciences. I argue that, compared with the natural sciences, the humanities have their own objects, their own aims, and their own methods.
POETRY AND PARALLAX IN MARY SOMERVILLE'S ON THE CONNEXION OF THE PHYSICAL SCIENCES
Authors: Boswell Michelle
Published: November 2017

During the first astronomy lesson shared by the two protagonists of Thomas Hardy's Two on a Tower (1882), Lady Viviette Constantine and Swithin St Cleeve share a decidedly gloomy interpretation of human insignificance in the face of a vast universe:

“We are now traversing distances beside which the immense line stretching from the earth to the sun is but an invisible point,” said the youth. “When, just now, we had reached a planet whose remoteness is a hundred times the remoteness of the sun from the earth, we were only a two thousandth part of the journey to the spot at which we have optically arrived now.”

“Oh, pray don't; it overpowers me!” she replied, not without seriousness. “It makes me feel that it is not worth while to live; it quite annihilates me.”

“If it annihilates your ladyship to roam over these yawning spaces just once, think how it must annihilate me to be, as it were, in constant suspension amid them night after night.” (28-29; ch. 4)
PRECARIOUS LIVES: CHRISTINA ROSSETTI AND THE FORM OF LIKENESS
Authors: Chatterjee Ronjaunee
Published: November 2017

In its anonymous reviewof Christina Rossetti'sSpeaking Likenesses(1874), theAcademynotes rather hopelessly: “this will probably be one of the most popular children's books this winter. We wish we could understand it” (606). The reviewer – who later dwells on the “uncomfortable feeling” generated by this children's tale and its accompanying images – still counts as the most generous among the largely puzzled and horrified readership of Rossetti's story about three sets of girls experiencing violence and failure in their respective fantasy worlds (606). While clearly such dystopic plots are not out of place in Victorian literature about children, something about Rossetti's unusual narrative bothered her contemporaries. John Ruskin, for instance, bluntly wondered how Rossetti and Arthur Hughes, who illustrated the story, together could “sink so low” (qtd. in Auerbach and Knoepflmacher 318). In any case, the book still sold on the Christmas market, and a few months later, Rossetti would publishAnnus Domini, a benign pocketbook of daily prayers that stands in stark contrast to the grim prose ofSpeaking Likenesses.It is therefore tempting to cast this work of children's fiction as a strange anomaly in Rossetti's oeuvre, which from the 1870s, beginning withAnnus Domini, to her death in 1894, became almost exclusively dominated by devotional prose and poetry. In contrast, I argue in the following essay thatSpeaking Likenessespoints to a widespread interest throughout Rossetti's writing – but especially in her most well-known poems fromGoblin Market and Other Poems(1862) andA Prince's Progress(1866) – in alternative modes of sociality that refract a conceptual preoccupation with likeness, rather than difference. Following traditions of critical thought that have paid increasing attention to relations that resist oppositional logic – Stephanie Engelstein and Eve Kosovsky Sedgwick's late work comes to mind here – I establish the primacy of a horizontal axis of similarity in bothSpeaking Likenessesand Rossetti's most canonical poem, “Goblin Market.” For Rossetti, the lure of similarity, or minimal difference, manifests itself most often in siblinghood and more specifically, sisterhood, the dominant kinship relation throughout her lyrics fromGoblin Market and Other Poems. Sisterhood anchors the title poem I will examine in this essay, as well as shorter verses such as “Noble Sisters” and “Sister Maude.” At issue in such relations of likeness is the discreteness of a (typically) feminine self. For Rossetti, shunning oppositional structures of desire and difference that typically produce individuation (exemplified in the heterosexual couple form and the titles of her uneasy lyrics “He and She” and “Wife to Husband”) allows for a new (albeit perilous) space to carve out one's particularity as a gendered being.
Reflection, the Public, and the Modern Machine: An Investigation of the Fukushima Disaster in Relation to the Concepts of Truth and Morality
Authors: SHIMIZU KOSUKE
Published: November 2017

In March 2011, Japan suffered a massive earthquake. The resultant tsunami hit the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear reactor and it was later revealed that the reactor was actually in a state of meltdown. While it is still unclear how many people will be affected, both mentally and physically, by the radio-active fallout, the extent to which our lives are subject to the unimaginable risks of scientific technology has become patently clear. This paper strives to clarify the risks of scientific technology in relation to instrumental reason, critical thinking, plurality, and subsequently, the significance of the public realm in contemporary world affairs, with a specific focus on the Fukushima incident. In so doing, I shall introduce arguments regarding scientific technology by such thinkers as Arendt, Heidegger, and Horkheimer as well as the Kyoto School philosophers. This paper also focuses on the issue of morality in order to address the notion of the lack of critical thinking and the disappearance of the public.