bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Economic Impact of AI-driven Precision Medicine (Studying the Economic Implications of AI-powered Precision Medicine Approaches, Including How Personalized Treatments can Influence Healthcare Spending, Patient Outcomes, and Overall System Efficiency)
Authors: - Sulagna Dhal , - Anshul Khairari , - Priyabrata Thatoi , - Anto LXRA Selvarathinam , - Sushree Swapnil Rout
Published: September 2024

AI in precision medicine is considering a major turning point in health care toward personalized treatments per each one's profile, hence playing an important role in patient outcomes while affecting the bottom line in healthcare. This paper examines the economic implications of AI- driven precision medicine, including how the use of AI tools-such as machine learning and predictive analytics-will add to developing treatments tailored to a particular patient's genetics, medical history, and current health data. The study presented underlined economies that could be obtained by avoiding superfluous treatments, reduction in hospital readmission rates, and adverse drug reactions by analyzing the tendencies in healthcare spending. Further, AI enhances the overall efficiency of the health system through speeding up drug development, smoothing clinical processes, and raising the quality of decision-making on patient care. Notwithstanding the brilliant prospects, general acceptance of AI in healthcare systems might be prospective due to high implementation costs, data privacy concerns, and regulatory hurdles. Done differently, AI-driven precision medicine can significantly enhance patient care while lowering long-term healthcare costs. But complete global realization of this dream requires resolution of ethical, financial, and operational challenges.
The Mediating Effect of Organizational Communication Climate on Media Literacy and Communication Competence of Higher Education Institution Teachers
Authors: - Kelly Ruth I. Serenio , - Mary Ann E. Tarusan
Published: September 2024

This study explored the mediating role of organizational communication climate on the relationship between media literacy and communication competence among higher education institution teachers. Using a quantitative, non-experimental correlational design, data were gathered from 200 professors at Higher Education Institutions in Davao City through purposive sampling and online surveys. The researcher employed statistical tools such as mean, Pearson r, and medgraph with Sobel Z-test. The findings revealed high levels of media literacy and organizational communication climate, while communication competence was found to be very high. Significant relationships were identified between media literacy and communication competence, as well as between organizational communication climate and communication competence. However, no significant relationship was observed between media literacy and organizational communication climate. Additionally, organizational communication climate was found to partially mediate the relationship between media literacy and communication competence among the teachers.
A Comparative Study of Santosh Wagh and Inspector Gowda: Exploring Detective Archetypes
Authors: - Neeharika Singh Lodhi
Published: September 2024

This paper presents a comparative analysis of Santosh Wagh from Private India by Ashwin Sanghi and James Patterson and Inspector Gowda from Anita Nair’s Chain of Custody. By examining their character traits, investigative methods, personal struggles, societal contexts, and how they align with classic detective archetypes, this study highlights the distinct ways these characters embody the evolution of Indian detective fiction. This analysis seeks to underscore how the blending of personal conflict and broader social critique contributes to the richness of the genre.
A Correlational Study Between Quality of Sleep and the Smartphone Usage among the Students of Dy Patil College of Nursing and Dy Patil College of Physiotherapy Kolhapur
Authors: - Neetaranbhise , - Prateek Chopade
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Introduction: As multipurpose gadgets that offer information, entertainment, and communication, cellphones have become an essential part of daily life in the current digital era. But their widespread presence, particularly at night, raises serious questions about how they affect the quality of sleep. A burgeoning public health concern is the rising incidence of sleep disorders. Sleep is essential for good health since it affects mental clarity, emotional control, and physical well-being. Because blue light from screens suppresses the production of melatonin, the hormone that controls sleep-wake cycles, it can throw off the circadian rhythm. Moreover, engaging with stimulating content might postpone the start of sleep, such as social media or work-related activities. Sleep is aggravated by psychological reliance on smartphones, which is typified by obsessive notification monitoring and fear of missing out (FOMO).
Methodology: Using a non-experimental, descriptive methodology, the study used a correlational survey approach. 500 students from D.Y. Patil College of Physiotherapy and D.Y. Patil College of Nursing, who were chosen by non-probability convenience sampling, were among the participants. The Smartphone Addiction Short Version Scale (SAS-SV) and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) were employed. The Karl Pearson correlation coefficient test was administered through an online Google Forms questionnaire. The investigation was carried out on April 16, 2024. Findings: The participants' average age was 21.43 ± 2.91 years. Due to their use of smartphones at night, the majority of participants (55.00%, or 345 students) reported having severe sleep difficulties. With a median score of 11 and a mode of 10, the PSQI score was 11.18 on average. 3.22 was the standard deviation, and the range was16. The majority of pupils showed a solid understanding of sleep disorders. At the P < 0.05 level, the estimated t-value (tcal = 1.9564) was found to be more than the crucial value (ttab = 1.9432), suggesting a moderately positive association that is statistically significant between smartphone usage and sleep quality. In summary, the results indicate that most participants had a moderate understanding of sleep disorders, and there was a moderately positive link between smartphone usage and sleep quality.
Current State, Challenges, and Solutions for Innovation and Entrepreneurship among College Students in the Context of the "Double First-rate" Policy
Authors: - Rahul Pareek
Published: September 2024

It has been a pattern that understudies pursue innovation development rivalries or begin their own organizations after graduation, since the "Twofold First-rate" strategy, for example developing "twofold first-evaluated" colleges, has been carried out and the government has consistently energized instruction on understudies' development and business venture. A review has been led to explore business as usual of understudies' advancement and business of Tianjin College through different ways, for example, contextual investigation and field work, surveys and meetings, coming to a end that understudies need adequate information towards development and business and that colleges ought to further develop understudies' useful and complete abilities. The paper resolves the issues with the parts of stage development, strategy backing and brand exercises with the examination of explicit cases “Abstract” is a necessary section in a research paper. It may be constructed by gathering main points (summary) from each section of the research paper.
How to Take Modern Healthcare Facilities to Rural India
Authors: - Akhila R Udupa
Published: September 2024

COVID times has proved that modern healthcare facilities available in urban India can be carried to rural India. The way COVID has been managed, controlled and citizens have been vaccinated is a testimony to the fact that in spite of splurging population, we have been able to reach out to the healthcare needs of majority. Objective of this commentary is to study the present state of rural health, compare it with urban areas and check the feasibility of adoption of NinC’s Indian model of Innovation for improving the same. This commentary is based on Literature survey. Results have concluded that coverage of primary healthcare services, such as antenatal care, institutional deliveries and insurance coverage is very low among the rural poor population. Effective adoption of Ninc model would change the rural healthcare scenario.
The Unfolding Narrative of Catastrophe: An In-Depth Study of Charles Pellegrino's Last Train from Hiroshima
Authors: - Purnank G Choudhari
Published: September 2024

This research paper delves into Charles Pellegrino's Last Train from Hiroshima, offering a comprehensive analysis of the human, social, and scientific dimensions surrounding the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Pellegrino’s narrative, deeply rooted in survivor testimonies and historical accounts, serves as both a poignant memorial and a critical examination of the ethical and technological decisions that led to one of the most devastating events in human history. Through an interdisciplinary lens, this paper examines how Pellegrino weaves together personal stories with broader geopolitical contexts to reveal the enduring consequences of nuclear warfare. By dissecting the text, we uncover layers of trauma, resilience, and the unfolding moral dilemmas that resonate through the survivors' experiences. Furthermore, the paper addresses controversies regarding factual accuracy in the book, and the implications these disputes have on the interpretation of historical narratives. Ultimately, this study aims to highlight how Last Train from Hiroshima contributes to the ongoing discourse on war, memory, and humanity's relationship with technology.
T11- Espacio Creativo: una rehabilitación patrimonial basada en la autoproducción
Authors: Sánchez-Laulhé José María
Published: September 2024

La Fábrica de Sombreros son una serie de construcciones iniciadas a finales del siglo XIX en el casco histórico de Sevilla, con una actividad creciente durante el siglo XX. En estado de abandono desde 2005, es una de las piezas más codiciadas del centro de Sevilla con casi 4000 m² de área.T11 es una cooperativa surgida en 2013 en Triana centrada en el fomento de los oficios y las artes en torno a la madera. En 2018 tuvimos que trasladarnos a este entorno de alta presión turística. Al haber habilitado el espacio por nuestros propios medios, pudimos trasladar gran parte de lo desarrollado en la nave original para organizar la acción de T11 en dos naves. Mientras, reactivamos la Fábrica como espacio crítico en la vida del barrio manteniendo sus formas productivas.
Vivienda e inmigración: el subarriendo y la vivienda compartida a través de los hogares sin núcleo
Authors: Orozco-Martínez Carolina , Bayona-i-Carrasco Jordi , Gil-Alonso Fernando
Published: September 2024

El subarriendo es un mercado secundario de vivienda escasamente regulado que acoge a personas con dificultad de acceso a la vivienda, entre ellas, inmigrantes extranjeros especialmente en estados tempranos de inserción residencial. Muchas viviendas subarrendadas no están declaradas, de ahí la dificultad de su cuantificación. Este artículo propone aportar en este sentido con datos de la Encuesta Sociodemográfica de Barcelona de 2017 y 2020 como fuente de análisis. Para ello se reclasifican los hogares según parentescos y origen (español o inmigrante). Los resultados muestran que los hogares sin núcleo pueden ser un indicador del subarriendo y que el volumen real de este es mucho mayor que el declarado. La proporción de hogares sin núcleo de la población inmigrante dobla a los autóctonos, mostrando una mayor probabilidad de vivienda en subarriendo entre los primeros.
Psoralidin: emerging biological activities of therapeutic benefits and its potential utility in cervical cancer
Authors: Tripathi Tanya , Chaudhary Apoorva , Janjua Divya , Joshi Udit , Aggarwal Nikita , Keshavam Chetkar Chandra , Bharti Alok Chandra
Published: September 2024

Cervical cancer (CaCx) is the fourth most prevalent cancer in women contributing to 341,831 annual deaths globally in 2020. Owing to its high mortality rate, the identification of novel inhibitors preventing CaCx progression is of utmost importance. Recent studies have emphasized the use of phytochemicals for cancer prevention due to their low toxicity. Psoralidin, a bioactive compound extracted from the seeds of the medicinal plant Psoralea corylifolia, showcases the potential for promoting health benefits. A range of studies showing anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, estrogenic, neuroprotective, anti-diabetic, anti-depressant, antimicrobial, and anti-tumor activities substantiate its promising biological effects. The anti-tumor potential of psoralidin has been well-documented. Its capacity to effectively target cancer stem cells (CSCs) in general adds to its therapeutic potential. Psoralidin carries out its anti-cancer activity by inducing oxidative stress, autophagy, and apoptosis. This unique characteristic suggests its potential to be used as an adjunct molecule in combination with existing treatment to enhance the efficacy of chemo/radiotherapy for treating CaCx. However, low bioavailability and intestinal efflux limit the use of psoralidin in clinical applications. Therefore, further investigation is needed in area of drug delivery and mechanism of action to fully harness the beneficial effects of psoralidin. The present study examines the current understanding of the molecular properties of this coumestan, as well as its various molecular targets with a particular emphasis on its anti-cancer activity. The study will help in designing effective and novel therapeutic interventions for targeting signaling pathways and other regulators involved in mediating CaCx progression, which will eventually help in effective management of CaCx.
Where the ‘bad’ and the ‘good’ go: A multi-lab direct replication report of Casasanto (2009, Experiment 1)
Authors: Yamada Yuki , Xue Jin , Li Panpan , Ruiz-Fernández Susana , Özdoğru Asil Ali , Sarı Şahsenem , Torres Sergio C. , Hinojosa José A. , Montoro Pedro R. , AlShebli Bedoor , Bolatov Aidos K. , McGeechan Grant J. , Zloteanu Mircea , Razpurker-Apfeld Irene , Samekin Adil , Tal-Or Nurit , Tejada Julian , Freitag Raquel , Khatin-Zadeh Omid , Banaruee Hassan , Robin Nicolas , Briseño-Sanchez Guillermo , Barrera-Causil Carlos J. , Marmolejo-Ramos Fernando
Published: September 2024

Casasanto (Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 138, 351–367, 2009) conceptualised the body-specificity hypothesis by empirically finding that right-handed people tend to associate a positive valence with the right side and a negative valence with the left side, whilst left-handed people tend to associate a positive valence with the left side and negative valence with the right side. Thus, this was the first paper that showed a body-specific space–valence mapping. These highly influential findings led to a substantial body of research and follow-up studies, which could confirm the original findings on a conceptual level. However, direct replications of the original study are scarce. Against this backdrop and given the replication crisis in psychology, we conducted a direct replication of Casasanto’s original study with 2,222 participants from 12 countries to examine the aforementioned effects in general and also in a cross-cultural comparison. Our results support Casasanto’s findings that right-handed people associate the right side with positivity and the left side with negativity and vice versa for left-handers.
A mathematical model of a liquid-loading vessel at the initial stages of design
Authors: Malov Dmitrij A. , Kochnev Yuri A. , Kochneva Irina B.
Published: September 2024

To substantiate the main unknowns at the initial stages of design and, above all, during the re-search design, it is necessary to develop a mathematical model as sensitive as possible to changes in variable parameters, which can be any elements of the vessel or its subsystems. The need to ensure seaworthiness, such as buoyancy, stability, unsinkability, strength, seaworthiness and capacity requires the inclusion of these modules in modeling either in the form of calculation functions, such as determining precipitation from the equation of mass and buoyancy, or in the form of restrictions requiring, if not fulfilled, recalculation of the former. The paper describes a similar mathematical model in relation to an oil tanker of mixed (river-sea) navigation of the M-SP class of the Russian Classification Society. Its feature is the use of computer-aided design of the hull shape and the inclusion in the mathematical model of the actual calculation of the elements of buoyancy, initial stability and capacity, rather than using statistical dependencies for them, which significantly increases the adequacy of the final result.
Solving problems of volume scheduling for shipbuilding enterprises in conditions of limited resources
Authors: Prilutskii Mikhail Kh. , Kumagina Elena A.
Published: September 2024

The shipbuilding industry development strategy for the period up to 2035 and beyond is aimed at creating a new competitive shipbuilding industry based on the development of scientific, technical and personnel potential, optimization of production capacities, their modernization and technical re-equipment [1]. The paper is devoted to solving problems of volume-calendar production planning for shipbuilding enterprises when coordinating the production capacity of the enterprise with the resource needs to fulfill obligations determined by the generated order portfolio. Shipbuilding and ship repair enterprises are typical representatives of enterprises with single and small-scale production and a long production cycle of the main products [2-4]. The problem is solved at the stage of forming a portfolio of orders, which is based on the limited volumes of resources available to the production system. It is required to determine the amount of missing resources by calendar periods that are necessary for the effective functioning of the production system. Non-stored resources such as labor resources, equipment operating time, are usually taken into account when solving the problems of volumetric or volume-scheduling planning. Such resources being unused in a certain planning cycle cannot be used in subsequent cycles. The procedure for finding missing volumes of resources is formulated as the problem of reducing an incompatible system of linear two-sided algebraic inequalities to a compatible one. To do this, it is proposed to “expand” the initial parameters of the system, taking into account the costs of expansion, so that the system becomes compatible. In the general case, formally, the problem under consideration is close to the problem of finding a Chebyshev point [5] for an incompatible system of linear algebraic equations, i.e. a point that is geometrically the least deviating from all hyperplanes formed by the system constraints. The paper proposes statements and solutions of volume-scheduling problems for the case when the structure of the problem constraints is modeled by a root-oriented weighted tree. This hierarchical structure is typical for shipbuilding enterprises [6].
Investigation of the quality of the frame surface when modeling the hull of a vessel depending on the type of frame lines in the Compass 3D CAD
Authors: Rychenkova Anna Yu
Published: September 2024

The article provides a brief overview of the CAD systems used in the field of shipbuilding. The potential possibilities of using the domestic computer-aided design system COMPASS 3D in shipbuilding in the task of three-dimensional modeling of the theoretical surface of the hull are shown. The methods of modeling the surface of the ship's hull using the Compass 3D CAD in the form of a frame surface, in which the shaping sections are various types of vessel contours: frames, buttocks and lines. A method for checking the simulated frame surface using control sections is proposed. A comparative analysis of the quality of surfaces obtained by different methods of its formation has been carried out according to a number of proposed quantitative indicators characterizing the smoothness and accuracy of the surface. The influence of the introduction of intermediate sections into the frame set on the quality indicators of the frame surface is analyzed. The results of a quantitative comparative analysis of the quality of the frame surface depending on the type of frame lines are presented. It has been shown that an increase in the total number of forming lines in the frame does not necessarily lead to an increase in the quality of the simulated surface. The results of the work may be of practical interest in the tasks of modeling and evaluating the quality of frame surfaces for various purposes, set by a set of sections in various planes, and will also help in choosing an automated design system for shipbuilding enterprises.
Comparative calculation of expeses for lashing stack of packaged lumber by tiers and unbroken
Authors: Pelekhov Georgy A. , Khokhlov Alexander A.
Published: September 2024

The article gives a brief description of the stack of packaged lumber, requirements for its laying and lashing. It is describing the tiers method of laying and lashing packaged lumber, as well as its main fundamental differences from the unbroken method of lashing. Comparative cost calculations are considered and presented for lashing stack of packaged lumber by tiers and unbroken methods. It is described the technique of lashing the stack with the tiers method. It is comparing number of materials for manufacture of lashing, the difference in the expenditure of materials for manufacture of wires, required time for lashing of stack. It is described the possibility of avoiding expenses with the tiers lashing for additional lashing at several ports of discharging. It is also describing and analyzes the amount of time required for lashing of stack with different methods exactly after completion of loading.
Synthesis of a dynamic positioning algorithm for wheeled boats
Authors: Grosheva Lyudmila S. , Plyushchaev Valery I.
Published: September 2024

The work analyzes the controllability indicators of a vessel with a wheeled propulsion-steering complex and an azimuth thruster in order to identify the possibility of developing high-precision control algorithms, such as the dynamic positioning task. The influence of the parameters of the wheel-propulsion steering complex and the azimuth thruster on the dynamics of the vessel is considered, and the areas of controllability of the vessel are identified for various propulsion parameters. The influence on the dynamics of the vessel of external wind influence, which has a great influence on the dynamics of the vessel due to its design features (shallow draft, flat bottom, large windage), has been studied. The areas of controllability of the vessel under conditions of external influence when changing wind parameters (force and direction) and parameters of propulsors with separate and joint use of propulsors are determined. An algorithm has been synthesized for dynamically holding a vessel at a given point under wind influence while maintaining a given hull position. The dynamic positioning algorithm consists of two parallel processes. The first is the return of the center of mass of the vessel, which has shifted under the influence of external influences, to a given point due to the wheeled propulsion and steering complex. The second is maintaining a given orientation of the ship's hull using an azimuth thruster. Computer simulation confirmed the high quality indicators of the proposed control algorithm.
Methodological and practical recommendations for improving the quality of forecasts of innovative development of science, technology and engineering
Authors: Chebotarev Vladislav S. , Golubev Sergei S. , Gubin Aleksandr M. , Romanenko Nadezhda Y.
Published: September 2024

The generated long-term forecasts for the development of science, technology and engineering are widely used to determine priority areas of scientific and technological development. In an unstable economic situation, it is important to ensure the quality of forecasts, since they determine the priorities and priority areas for financing scientific and technological development projects. Therefore, the problem of improving the quality characteristics of long-term forecasts for the development of science, technology and engineering is relevant. The authors set the goal of determining a set of measures to improve. the quality of the generated forecasts, taking into account modern conditions of economic development, characterized by instability and sanctions restrictions. For this purpose, a systematic and integrated approach to the development of proposals is used. Complexity lies in a comprehensive analysis of the factors influencing the forecast results, and proposals are formed on the basis of a systematic account of the component indicators of forecast quality and mutual connections. The paper presents proposals to improve the accuracy, usefulness, information content, completeness and reliability of forecasts. The similarities and differences between the proposals and the existing ones are shown, and the directions for applying the developed recommendations by the participants in the formation of long-term forecasts for the development of science, technology and engineering are also revealed.
The novelty of the article lies in the fact that the authors, based on the use of systematic and integrated approaches, have identified the main methodological and practical proposals for improving the quality characteristics of long-term forecasts for the development of science, technology and engineering. This will help improve the quality of scientific and technological forecasts and effectively spend budget funds to finance new projects formed on the basis of forecasting results.
Про задачу розсіяння та задачу відновлення форми графа
Authors: Boyko O. , Martynyuk O. , Pivovarchik V.
Published: September 2024

УДК 517.9
Розглянуто задачу розсіяння Штурма–Ліувілля, породжену рівнянням Штурма–Ліувілля на дереві, яке складається з рівнобічного компактного піддерева з  жилою (напівнескінченним ребром), приєднаною до цього компактного підграфа. При цьому припускається, що потенціал на жилі тотожно нульовий, а потенціали на скінченних ребрах – дійсні функції з

L
2

. Показано як знайти форму дерева, використовуючи S-функцію та власні значення задачі розсіяння.
Оцінка зваженого рівня гасіння зовнішніх і початкових збурень у нелінійних системах
Authors: Mazko A.
Published: September 2024

УДК 517.925.51; 681.5.03
Досліджуються класи нелінійних динамічних систем з обмеженими збуреннями і функціональними невизначеностями. Розроблено методи оцінки узагальненого критерію якості таких систем, що характеризує зважений рівень гасіння зовнішніх збурень, а також початкових збурень, обумовлених невідомим початковим вектором. Запропоновано застосування даних методів у задачі узагальненого

H
∞

-керування для досліджуваних класів систем. Наведено ілюстративний приклад псевдолінійної системи керування зі збуренням.
Do quality and internationalization interrelate in higher education?
Authors: Opmane Krista , Zeps Artūrs , Lapiņa Inga
Published: September 2024

This article presents a methodical review of the literature focusing on the relationship between quality and internationalization. The authors have formulated a research query for the literature review: How do quality and internationalization interrelate? Upon scrutinizing the research articles that closely align with the topic, it was noted that within the realm of quality and internationalization, there exists an inseparable nexus between globalization and competitiveness. Through an examination of the literature, it was deduced that two distinct perspectives exist concerning internationalization and quality. The PESTEL analysis recognized various classifications of elements, with the principal ones being economic, social, and legal factors, leading to the affirmation that each set of elements in the PESTEL analysis is interconnected with quality assurance.
Design and water-saving capacity of planting roof with compound irrigation and stab-resistant function
Authors: Fan Zhenggen , Liu Ji , Fan Yuqi , Pan Jiasen
Published: September 2024

With the continuous development of urban construction, the contradiction between human settlement and the natural environment is becoming increasingly prominent. Increasing the green area and improving the local environment and microclimate through roof planting can effectively alleviate this contradiction. On the basis of the research on the current situation and challenging problems of planting roofs, a comprehensive study of construction, stab-resistance, waterproofing, irrigation and plant landscape is combined with a designed roof case. Research results show that the planting roof is simple in construction, has high resistance to plant root thorns, can take into account the function and aesthetics of plant landscape design, and saves irrigation water by more than 60%, which will help the popularization and promotion of urban planting roofs.
Can green bonds hedge against geopolitical risk? A cross-market connectedness analysis with portfolio implications
Authors: Xia Yufei , Chen Yujia , He Lingyun , Shi Zhengxu , Ji Xintian , Cai Rongjiang
Published: September 2024

This study investigates whether green bonds (GBs) can hedge against geopolitical risk (GPR). This study extends the booming literature on GPR and GBs, develops a modified connectedness network model to measure the connectedness between GPR and GBs, confirms the hedging property of GBs against GPR, and becomes the first to discuss alternative hedging properties of GBs against GPR. We find evidence of market-, time-, and quantile-varying linkage between GPR and GB markets based on the time-varying Granger causality test and quantile extended joint spillover index model. We confirm via a regression model that only the GB markets in China and Japan can hedge against GPR. At the same time, GB in China remains a weak hedging and safety-haven asset simultaneously. The results remain robust for alternative proxy variables, data frequency, and model specification. Finally, the MVP approach provides superior performance while maintaining weak hedging and safety-haven properties against GPR. This study has considerable portfolio-related implications: (1) it offers an efficient hedge (i.e., GB) against GPR, (2) the heterogeneous performance of regional GB markets reminds investors to be cautious when selecting GBs assets, and (3) it encourages reasonable investment allocations on GBs to achieve a balance between profit and risk.
Circumstellar Interaction in the Ultraviolet Spectra of SN 2023ixf 14–66 Days After Explosion
Authors: Bostroem K. Azalee , Sand David J. , Dessart Luc , Smith Nathan , Jha Saurabh W. , Valenti Stefano , Andrews Jennifer E. , Dong 董 Yize 一泽 , Filippenko Alexei V. , Gomez Sebastian , Hiramatsu Daichi , Hoang Emily T. , Hosseinzadeh Griffin , Howell D. Andrew , Jencson Jacob E. , Lundquist Michael , McCully Curtis , Mehta Darshana , Meza-Retamal Nicolas E. , Pearson Jeniveve , Ravi Aravind P. , Shrestha Manisha , Wyatt Samuel
Published: September 2024

SN 2023ixf was discovered in M101 within a day of the explosion and rapidly classified as a Type II supernova with flash features. Here we present ultraviolet (UV) spectra obtained with the Hubble Space Telescope 14, 19, 24, and 66 days after the explosion. Interaction between the supernova ejecta and circumstellar material (CSM) is seen in the UV throughout our observations in the flux of the first three epochs and asymmetric Mg ii emission on day 66. We compare our observations to CMFGEN supernova models that include CSM interaction (

M

̇

<

10

−
3

M
⊙ yr−1) and find that the power from CSM interaction is decreasing with time, from L
sh ≈ 5 × 1042 erg s−1 to L
sh ≈ 1 × 1040 erg s−1 between days 14 and 66. We examine the contribution of individual atomic species to the spectra on days 14 and 19, showing that the majority of the features are dominated by iron, nickel, magnesium, and chromium absorption in the ejecta. The UV spectral energy distribution of SN 2023ixf sits between that of supernovae, which show no definitive signs of CSM interaction, and those with persistent signatures assuming the same progenitor radius and metallicity. Finally, we show that the evolution and asymmetric shape of the Mg ii
λ
λ 2796, 2802 emission are not unique to SN 2023ixf. These observations add to the early measurements of dense, confined CSM interaction, tracing the mass-loss history of SN 2023ixf to ∼33 yr prior to the explosion and the density profile to a radius of ∼5.7 × 1015 cm. They show the relatively short evolution from a quiescent red supergiant wind to high mass loss.
Par-delà le champ de l’eurocratie
Authors: Georgakakis Didier
Published: September 2024

L’Union européenne peut sembler un cas sur lequel le concept de champ semble inapplicable. Avec quelques autres travaux, les recherches que Didier Georgakakis mène depuis plus de vingt ans sur les institutions européennes montrent au contraire que le concept de champ bureaucratique est particulièrement adapté à l’analyse du cœur institutionnel de l’Union européenne, mais aussi que ce terrain peut conduire à reposer et repenser certaines dimensions de l’analyse en termes de champ. L’entretien publié ici intervient dans un ensemble de publications récentes actualisant sa conceptualisation et ses résultats sur les institutions de l’UE. Didier Georgakakis y montre l’intérêt d’appliquer rigoureusement le principe selon lequel chaque nouvelle application d’un modèle oblige à poser la question des spécificités du cas étudié et développe des pistes à propos de cinq thématiques (institutionnalisation, investissement, autorité, charisme et temporalité) qui peuvent-être utiles par-delà le cas des institutions européennes.
Histoire de la rougeole
Authors: Berche Patrick
Published: September 2024

La rougeole est une maladie virale très contagieuse transmise par voie aérienne lors d’un contact interhumain. Elle est souvent considérée comme bénigne, alors que la mortalité reste élevée (> 5 %) dans les pays en développement. On peut observer de fréquentes complications (diarrhée, otite, pneumonie, encéphalite). La rougeole touche principalement les jeunes enfants à partir de 5 ou 6 mois, avec une mortalité maximale dans les trois premières années de la vie. On doit au médecin perse, Rhazès, sa première description clinique au X e siècle, qui la différencie clairement de la variole. La rougeole s’est répandue dans le monde entier de façon pandémique à dater de la Renaissance. Son épidémiologie a été remarquablement étudiée en 1846 par un médecin danois, Peter Panum, à l’occasion d’une épidémie aux îles Féroé. La nature virale de cette maladie a été démontrée dès 1911 et le virus a été identifié en 1954 par les Américains Thomas Peebles et John Enders. Il s’agit d’un Morbillivirus apparenté aux virus de la peste bovine, de la maladie de Carré, de la peste des petits ruminants et de maladies épidémiques chez les dauphins, marsouins et phoques. Le virus actuel de la rougeole est d’origine récente et proviendrait du virus de la peste bovine à partir du VI e siècle avant notre ère. Il s’est parfaitement adapté à l’espèce humaine, devenant strictement humain, sans réservoirs animaux. Un vaccin vivant atténué a été mis au point par l’équipe de Enders, en 1958, par de nombreux passages en culture cellulaire. Le vaccin homologué aux États-Unis en 1963 est utilisé à grande échelle par l’Organisation mondiale de la Santé dans le monde entier. Très efficace et bien tolérée, la vaccination a fait régresser fortement la rougeole et a permis de sauver des millions de vies. Néanmoins, elle reste une préoccupation de santé publique, car elle est encore responsable annuellement de plus de 100 000 morts dans le monde. Aujourd’hui, les continents les plus touchés demeurent l’Afrique, l’Amérique du Sud et l’Asie.
Diagnostic de laboratoire d’une infection par un hantavirus
Authors: Sauvage Virginie , Reynes Jean-Marc
Published: September 2024

Certains hantavirus associés aux rongeurs sont responsables annuellement, selon les pays, de quelques cas d’infections humaines à plusieurs milliers, de gravité variable, parfois mortelles. Cette zoonose se traduit par deux types de syndromes connus sous les noms de fièvre hémorragique à syndrome rénal (FHSR), causée principalement par des hantavirus de l’Ancien Monde (Europe et Asie), et syndrome pulmonaire à hantavirus (SPH) dû essentiellement à des hantavirus du Nouveau Monde (Amériques). Quelle que soit la forme clinique de l’infection, son diagnostic biologique repose avant tout sur une analyse sérologique mettant en évidence des anticorps spécifiques, présents dès les premiers jours suivant l’apparition des symptômes, et des trousses de sérodiagnostic sont commercialisées. L’ARN viral peut être décelé par RT-PCR dans des prélèvements précoces de sérum ou de plasma et permet ainsi d’identifier l’espèce virale à l’origine de l’infection. Le virus est détectable à partir du premier jour de la maladie et pendant une à plusieurs semaines selon les espèces et lignées au sein d’une espèce, alors même que les anticorps sont déjà produits. Cependant, la grande diversité génétique intra- et inter-espèces des hantavirus associée à la faible charge virale sanguine rendent le diagnostic moléculaire peu aisé, voire difficile, et aucune trousse commerciale de diagnostic n’est disponible sur le marché.
La tularémie : actualisation des données par le CNR Francisella tularensis
Authors: Boisset Sandrine , Caspar Yvan
Published: September 2024

La tularémie est une zoonose causée par Francisella tularensis , une bactérie à Gram négatif, intracellulaire facultative et hautement infectieuse. La maladie est connue sous le nom de « maladie du chasseur », en raison du mode de contamination par contact avec des animaux sauvages infectés (et notamment les lagomorphes). Son cycle infectieux est en réalité bien plus complexe. Les sources d’infection sont multiples et les cas sans lien avec une origine animale sont en augmentation en France. La maladie peut également être contractée à partir d’un environnement hydrotellurique souillé, par voie alimentaire, ou via des arthropodes vecteurs tels que les tiques. Des données récentes collectées par le Centre National de Référence montrent que, bien que rare, l’incidence de la tularémie a doublé en France depuis les années 2000 et que les loisirs de plein air constituent aujourd’hui un important facteur d’exposition à la maladie. Les manifestations cliniques sont peu spécifiques et dépendent de la voie d’inoculation, les formes ulcéroganglionnaires et ganglionnaires étant les plus fréquentes. Par ailleurs, une augmentation notable des formes pulmonaires diagnostiquées à l’occasion d’adénopathies médiastinales ou hilaires a été observée depuis 2018, en particulier dans l’ouest de la France. Le diagnostic est généralement réalisé par analyse sérologique, mais il peut également être établi par culture d’échantillons biologiques ou détection de séquences nucléotidiques spécifiques. Seuls les aminosides, les tétracyclines et les fluoroquinolones peuvent être prescrits pour traiter cette infection. Cet article fournit les dernières actualités sur la tularémie en France avec notamment une mise au point sur les réservoirs, les modes de contamination et les techniques diagnostiques. Des données récentes sur l’épidémiologie française sont présentées ainsi qu’un rappel sur les aspects réglementaires pour la manipulation et la détention des souches.
Des ulcérations cutanées et génitales : le Mpox
Authors: Brami Gilles , Bourée Patrice , Bisaro Francine
Published: September 2024

La variole du singe, ou monkeypox (Mpox), est une zoonose due à un orthopoxvirus, répandu en Afrique subsaharienne. De nombreux rongeurs et primates en sont le réservoir. Chez les primates et dans l’espèce humaine, les lésions cutanées évoluent comme une variole, de la papule à la pustule. Devant un sujet ayant présenté des lésions sur la face et au niveau génital, le diagnostic de Mpox a été évoqué et confirmé par la détection du virus par PCR. À défaut de traitement antiviral, il existe un vaccin.
Histoire de la poliomyélite, une maladie virale à contrôler/éradiquer
Authors: Bessaud Maël , Delpeyrou Francis
Published: September 2024

La poliomyélite est une maladie neurologique qui peut être mortelle, mais qui aboutit dans la majorité des cas à des paralysies et des séquelles permanentes, particulièrement handicapantes et affectant les membres des patients. Cette maladie endémique, connue depuis l’Antiquité, s’est avérée à l’origine de graves épidémies dans les pays développés pendant la première moitié du XX e siècle, jusqu’au développement d’un vaccin inactivé injectable, puis d’un vaccin vivant oral. L’agent pathogène, le poliovirus, est un virus entérique à ARN (genre Enterovirus ) qui comprend trois sérotypes. La surveillance et le contrôle de la maladie se révèlent complexes, en raison de la capacité remarquable du virus à diffuser dans les populations par transmission essentiellement féco-orale, et par le fait qu’un faible pourcentage de personnes infectées développe la maladie. Cependant, un programme mondial visant à éradiquer la maladie grâce à la vaccination a été mis en place en 1988. Ainsi, deux des trois sérotypes de souches endémiques de poliovirus ont disparu et le sérotype restant ne persiste principalement que dans deux pays, le Pakistan et l’Afghanistan. Cette revue présente et discute les principaux aspects, notamment historique, de la maladie, du virus et des vaccins, et fait un état des lieux du programme et des derniers défis pour contrôler/éradiquer la maladie.
Limites de détection, de quantification : connaissez-vous vos limites ?
Authors: Curis Emmanuel
Published: September 2024

La connaissance de la capacité d’une méthode à détecter le composant à doser fait partie intégrante de la validation d’une méthode de dosage, lorsque cela est pertinent pour l’interprétation des résultats. Cette capacité se traduit, dans les documents réglementaires, par les notions de limite de détection (plus petite quantité détectable) et de quantification (plus petite quantité mesurable avec une fidélité donnée). Si les concepts de ces deux limites font l’unanimité, les définitions opérationnelles de ces quantités (en particulier les formules), et donc leur calcul, diffèrent cependant suivant les sources, y compris entre sources officielles (ISO/AFNOR, CLSI, Cofrac…), du fait d’hypothèses différentes. Cet article propose une synthèse, illustrée par un exemple concret, des différents modes d’évaluation, et des formules associées, relevées dans la littérature, en rappelle l’origine et les hypothèses associées à partir des données d’étalonnage et des celles obtenues pour des blancs d’échantillons..
Data-driven optimization for rebalancing shared electric scooters
Authors: Guan Yanxia , Tian Xuecheng , Jin Sheng , Gao Kun , Yi Wen , Jin Yong , Hu Xiaosong , Wang Shuaian
Published: September 2024

Shared electric scooters have become a popular and flexible transportation mode in recent years. However, managing these systems, especially the rebalancing of scooters, poses significant challenges due to the unpredictable nature of user demand. To tackle this issue, we developed a stochastic optimization model (M0) aimed at minimizing transportation costs and penalties associated with unmet demand. To solve this model, we initially introduced a mean-value optimization model (M1), which uses average historical values for user demand. Subsequently, to capture the variability and uncertainty more accurately, we proposed a data-driven optimization model (M2) that uses the empirical distribution of historical data. Through computational experiments, we assessed both models' performance. The results consistently showed that M2 outperformed M1, effectively managing stochastic demand across various scenarios. Additionally, sensitivity analyses confirmed the adaptability of M2. Our findings offer practical insights for improving the efficiency of shared electric scooter systems under uncertain demand conditions.
A nonstandard compact finite difference method for a truncated Bratu–Picard model
Authors: Arabameri Maryam , Gharechahi Raziyeh , Nofal Taher A. , Ahmad Hijaz
Published: September 2024

In this paper, we used the nonstandard compact finite difference method to numerically solve one-dimensional truncated Bratu-Picard equations and discussed the convergence analysis of the proposed method. Depending on the parameters in the mentioned equation, it may have no solution, one solution, or two solutions; also, it may have infinitely many solutions. The numerical results show that our method covers all mentioned aspects depending on the parameters in the equation.
Personalized Education via Mobile Technology Flexible Learning Frameworks
Authors: Bin Syed Ali Syed Kamaruzaman , Bai Kuotian
Published: September 2024

The prevalence of mobile and ubiquitous computing equipment is transforming how learners conduct their education. Nevertheless, the bulk of educational content generated for desktop platforms is unacceptable for handheld gadgets. Furthermore, some materials that are irrelevant to the preferences of the learner or the contextual environment might reduce the effect of learning and elevate the cost of communication. Furthermore, there is a deficit in the academic structure for mobile learning. This paper proposes personalized adaptation techniques for customized modification contents. This in turn strives to offer adaptive content contingent on learner experience and device capabilities. On top of that, it recommends a few alternatives to producing intelligent and adaptive material for children. Numerous facets of the study are examined to employ the benefits of learner, device, and location modeling in tandem with mobile technology to provide a personalized spread of multimedia-rich resources at any time or anywhere. As an outcome, it delivers proper learning resources and applies the learning style most suitable to the demands and tastes of each learner (personalized learning). Our system enables several types of learning styles to pick from, but the most significant aspect is to pair each learner’s characteristics with the right program and learning style. A novel chance for a broad range of learners to boost their knowledge in a tailored manner is made accessible by the adaptation of the material and styles, which enables the learning process to be dynamic. Additionally, our system’s resilience and interaction have risen owing to multi-agent system modeling.
Generative Artificial Intelligence on Mobile Devices in the University Preparation of Future Teachers of Mathematics
Authors: Vankúš Peter
Published: September 2024

The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) is revolutionizing the field of education. The possibilities of AI in education range from providing intelligent tutoring to facilitating computational thinking, a key skill in an AI-based society. As education systems around the world adapt to technological advances, the need for teachers to develop AI skills becomes crucial. This paper explores the use of AI on mobile devices to improve the preparation of future mathematics teachers. We acknowledge the need for teachers to be skilled in the use of AI tools to foster collaborative, effective, and ethical learning environments. We also provide a case study of our implementation of the generative AI ChatGPT in the preparation of future mathematics teachers at the Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Computer Science at Comenius University in Bratislava. After this implementation, we analyzed students’ opinions on the application of AI in selected areas. We present the results of this analysis and the implications for the practical use of AI in the university education of future mathematics teachers. Finally, based on our study results, we highlight the possibilities of the successful use of AI in different aspects of teaching and its temporary limitations, which are likely to be reduced by further technological developments.