bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Diabetes, Depression, and Alcohol Triad
Authors: Strand Mark A , Warne Donald
Published: December 2018

Type 2 diabetes, depression and alcohol abuse exist in many populations as co-morbidities. These conditions contribute to worsened health status and lost productivity. Such diseases also contribute to high medical expenses and other societal costs. Diabetes, depression and alcohol abuse are individually associated with compromised financial status. Treating these combined conditions as a syndrome rather than as isolated disease states may result in improved quality of care, better health outcomes, and reduced costs to society. A conceptual model that could be used to address this triad is the Social Ecological Model in which intrapersonal, interpersonal, institutional and community factors as well as public policy are considered for their impact on outcomes. The triad of diabetes, depression and alcohol abuse may have common etiological factors such as social isolation and poverty, and such a holistic approach to the common determinants underlying all three conditions holds out the most hope to reduce both the prevalence of this unique disease triad and the associated costs to society.
Internet Addiction
Authors: Smyth Shaun Joseph , Curran Kevin , Mc Kelvey Nigel
Published: December 2018

Internet addiction is a recent phenomenon which describes a state where people become so involved in online behaviour to the detriment of other aspects of their lives. Treatment camps for young people have sprung up around in a bid to address this contemporary issue. This chapter examines the factors in Internet addiction, its definition, the complications which exist in the various diagnostic methods of successfully diagnosing Internet addiction and the criticism directed towards some of these diagnostic methods. We also examine which individuals are at risk of developing this condition. We look at positive diagnosis of the addiction and the resultant effects it has on an individual's family life, employment, social life and personal wellbeing before finally looking at possible methods and treatments that can be used in treating Internet addiction.
Predicting Dysfunctional Internet Use
Authors: Stodt Benjamin , Wegmann Elisa , Brand Matthias
Published: December 2018

Internet addiction (IA) and cyberbullying (CB) represent two examples of dysfunctional Internet use (DIU) which are accompanied by negative consequences. In terms of prevention, the training of technical and reflective skills (Internet literacy) will be discussed with regard to these patterns. This study investigates the role of age, conscientiousness, and Internet literacy on IA symptoms and the participation in CB. Analyses reveal that positive attitudes towards online production and interaction and lower self-regulative skills can be associated with severe IA symptoms. Cyberbullies display less skills in reflecting on Internet content and also prove to have less self-regulative skills. Younger and less conscientious individuals are more likely to use the Internet dysfunctionally. Furthermore, significant correlations between experiences as a cyberbully and IA symptoms were found. In conclusion, the authors suggest that current media/Internet literacy curricula should be complemented by teaching reflective and regulative skills to prevent Internet users from negative consequences.
Dysfunctional Use of Online Gaming and Socio-Emotional Adaptation at School
Authors: Murdaca Anna Maria , Patrizia Oliva
Published: December 2018

Although online gaming can have many advantages, there are still many young people that tend to be excessively addicted to these online technologies, with a negative impact on their emotional and social functioning. For this reason, the attempt to understand the factors related to online gaming dependence and those related to encouraging positive use is an essential area of health promotion and a priority in preventing serious problems in school context. The aim of the study was to analyze psychological factors (anxiety traits and motivation) related to online gaming and the relation between gaming behaviour and emotional and social functioning at school. 62 secondary school students were recruited for the study. The participants completed the TAD (Anxiety and Depression Test), S.E.D.S. (Social-Emotional Dimension Scale), SDQ (Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire) and The Internet Gaming Disorder Scale (IGD) and their time spent online gaming was recorded. The results showed that psychological factors are strongly related to online gaming time and, both seem to play a significant role in structuring gaming behavior abuse and maladaptive school habits.
Behavioral Health Workforce Development in the United States
Authors: Hoge Michael A. , Stuart Gail W. , Morris John A. , Huey Leighton Y. , Flaherty Michal T. , Paris Jr. Manuel
Published: December 2018

Mental health and substance use conditions are among the most prominent causes of illness and disability in the U.S. Yet less than half of the individuals with these conditions receive treatment (Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration [SAMHSA], 2011; Office of National Drug Control Policy [ONDCP], 2013). While there are many impediments to accessing care, the absence of a workforce that is of sufficient size and adequately trained is a significant factor (Olfson, 2016). This chapter provides an overview of the U.S. behavioral health workforce and describes seven strategic areas in which activity has been undertaken to strengthen it. The initiatives of the Annapolis Coalition on the Behavioral Health Workforce are presented to highlight these strategic areas, which include assessment and planning; competency identification and development; roles for persons in recovery and family members; integrated care and interprofessional collaboration; workforce development in substance use; diversity and cultural competency; and knowledge dissemination and adoption of best practices.
Crime Witnesses' Non-Cooperation in Police Investigations
Authors: Ojedokun Usman Adekunle
Published: December 2018

The importance of crime witnesses in policing and crime control cannot be overemphasized. In Nigeria, a constant impediment in the effective operation of the criminal justice system machineries is the non-cooperation of crime witnesses with personnel of the Nigeria Police Force. Against this background, this paper examines the causes and consequences of crime witnesses' non-cooperation in police investigations in Nigeria. Rational choice theory was employed for its theoretical anchorage. A wide range of socio-cultural factors were identified as sustaining the traditional communication gap between the Police and crime witnesses that possess vital information which can aid their crime investigation. The Nigeria Police Force is urged to develop a holistic road-map through which the level of public confidence in its operation can be boosted.
A Lessons Framework for Civil-Military-Police Conflict and Disaster Management
Authors: Bowers Mellisa , Cherne Gwen
Published: December 2018

International conflict and disaster response operations incorporate a diverse, multi-layered series of activities and actors working in the same space, and in contested environments. Differences in organizational culture, language, processes, and behavior can either inhibit or enhance understanding and cooperation. This chapter looks at how the Australian Civil-Military Centre (ACMC) has developed, facilitated, and tested education and training programs, preparedness exercises, and targeted research to enhance understanding and cooperation. These activities provide the foundation for a holistic civil-military-police lessons framework that is being developed. They provide Australian government agencies, military, police, and the aid community with a guide to successfully maintain and contribute their technical expertise and perspectives to respond to conflict and disaster management. Through the continued refinement of training programs, preparedness exercises, and targeted research, this framework looks not only at lessons collection but also at implementation of these lessons in future practice.
Use of Social Media for Policing
Authors: Manzoor Amir
Published: December 2018

An overwhelming amount of information (and misinformation) is available on today's social media sites (e.g., Twitter, Facebook, Flickr, YouTube). Law enforcement agencies actively seek to leverage these resources to improve services and communication with public. Various factors have forced law enforcement agencies to have an active voice on social media. This chapter examines the growing interest of police forces in the use of social media to engage groups previously uninvolved in discussion of community policing and for deliberation about priorities of police forces. The chapter concludes that police forces, in general, have been able to exploit the networked characteristics of social media and the potential of user-generated content. Recommendations are provided to achieve more ambitious aims for using social media for policing.
A History of Police Psychology
Authors: Trompetter Philip S.
Published: December 2018

This chapter briefly identifies important societal events and governmental responses that set the stage for the emergence of the specialty of police psychology, provides the names and departments of early practitioners (1963-1990) of police psychology, and explains how the current definition of police psychology was developed, with its four domains and 55 proficiencies. The maturation of the specialty is outlined from its recognition as an American Psychological Association (APA) proficiency, to the creation of an American Board of Police & Public Safety Psychology (ABPPSP) specialty board, and most recently to its recognition as an APA specialty.
The Color of Victimology
Authors: Hernandezpeterson Kyrie
Published: December 2018

Victims are the center of the criminal justice system. However, negative treatment by any service provider discourages individuals from taking advantage of the services being offered to victims through various organizations in their respective communities. The study of victims (victimology) is informative on the physical, psychological, and emotional effects crimes have on victims. Victim assistance programs and resources have substantially grown over the years in an effort to improve protection to all and assist in pursuing proper justice for victims and those suffering from victimization. The National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS) and Uniform Crime Report (UCR) are used to gather statistics to further victim research. High profile cases in the media have led to the criminal justice system being deemed biased. Statistics do not substantiate racial discrimination in victimology or in the criminal justice system. There are instances of discrimination in select cases, but as a whole, the criminal justice system should not be viewed as discriminative. The focus should be placed on refining victim assistance programs and being creative in providing the proper resources victims need to receive the justice they deserve and the care and help they need.
The Turkish Academic Labor Market as an Ecosystem
Authors: Baruch Yehuda , Fidan Tuncer
Published: December 2018

Career ecosystem theory have been developed to explain interactions between individuals, organizations, and other actors, which influence the flow of human capital in response to the inadequacy of traditional career models. The aim of this chapter is to examine the relevance and applicability of career ecosystem theory to the Turkish academic labor market. In line with this aim, theoretical underpinnings and basic assumptions of ecosystem theory was elaborated. Individual and institutional factors affecting career movements of academics are identified, and changes in the landscape of Turkish higher education system are discussed. Results indicated that the theory is a powerful tool of understanding the complexity of academic careers in Turkish academic labor market.
Career Journey
Authors: Oğuz Ebru , Kasacı Kamil
Published: December 2018

In this chapter, career and life design concepts were examined through the lens of Savickas' theory and related studies in related literature. In this respect, how career conceptions have gone into transformation and turned into a life design approach were analyzed by using different perspectives in related literature. How these issues were perceived was revealed through analyzing the opinions of young participants between the ages 24-28, whose awareness of career was raised as a result of the seminars and projects they had participated in. A qualitative phenomenological design was used in this study. According to the results of the study, participants required career trainings to explore themselves. The more participants were optimistic about themselves, the more they were motivated in career development. Despite of the problems regarding familial backgrounds and education system, participants could make their own ways by the help of their entrepreneurship skills and social environment.
The Old-Generation School Managers and the New-Generation School Managers From the Aspect of Career Adaptability
Authors: Cereci Caner
Published: December 2018

This chapter aims to compare the old-generation school managers with the new-generation school managers in terms of career adaptability. The study, conducted interviewing 28 school managers, uses qualitative method. Maximum variation sampling was employed in forming the study group. It was found that the former managers felt that they were more suitable to be managers than the present ones. Both the former and the present managers held the view that appointment was not made on the basis of personal merit. It is recommended that the process of manager appointment should be re-structured as a career system which is based on a criteria set.
Teacher Leadership as a Teacher Career Path
Authors: Balcı Ali
Published: December 2018

Teaching is very difficult, but at the same time a very sacred career. Unfortunately, some teachers may change their careers at the beginning or at any stage of their careers. This may be regarded as the waste of human capital when individual and societal costs of the training are considered. But pursuing an unsatisfying career usually means depressive episodes in professional life. For teachers, there are alternative satisfying career paths compatible with their training such as class leadership, master teacher, mentor teacher, teaching specialist, education consultant, teacher coaching, deputy director, student dean, and school director. In addition to these career paths, as studied in this study, teacher leadership has emerged as an alternative career path in recent years. In this conceptual study, definition, reason, and historical development of teacher leadership, model of teacher leadership, roles and responsibilities of teacher leaders, and finally, their preparation are discussed.
Transcription Factor STAT3 Serves as a Negative Regulator Controlling IgE Class Switching in Mice
Authors: Dascani Paul , Ding Chuanlin , Kong Xiangyu , Tieri David , Hu Xiaoling , Zhang Huang-ge , Kitamura Daisuke , Bolli Roberto , Rouchka Eric C , Yan Jun
Published: December 2018

A mutation in STAT3 has been linked to the incidence of autosomal dominant hyper IgE syndrome, a disease characterized by elevated serum IgE Ab. However, how this genetic mutation leads to the phenotype has not been fully understood. We investigated the specific role of STAT3 in the germinal center (GC) B cells and plasma cells for IgE class switching. Through the use of STAT3 conditional knockout (cKO) mice in a Th2-type immunization model, we demonstrated that CD2-Cre–driven STAT3 cKO mice showed elevated IgE and decreased IgG1 in the serum and a reduction in GC formation. Within the GC, IgG1+ GC B cells were decreased, whereas IgE+ GC B cells were more prevalent. Additionally, these mice exhibited reduced IgG1 and elevated IgE populations of Ab-producing plasma cells. Subsequent experiments using a CD19-Cre cKO mouse established this effect to be B cell–intrinsic. Transcription factors critical for GC and plasma cell differentiation, including Bcl-6 and Aicda, were shown to function as downstream signals of STAT3 regulation. Chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing analysis revealed that many genes, including Bcl3 and Crtc2, were among the direct STAT3 regulated targets. Mice with STAT3 deficiency in B cells also demonstrated an increase in lung inflammation when used in an asthma-like disease model. This model suggests a negative role for STAT3 in regulating class switching of the GC B cells from the IgG1 to the IgE producing state, which may serve as a therapeutic target for treatment of autosomal dominant hyper IgE syndrome and other immune disorders.
Aortitis Caused by Abiotrophia defectiva: Description of Two Cases
Authors: Nygren David , Älverbrandt Martin , Sunnerhagen Torgny , Fagman Erika , Ostenfeld Ellen , Rasmussen Magnus
Published: December 2018

Abiotrophia defectiva is a well-known endocarditis pathogen, however it has never been described as a cause of primary aortitis. Here we describe the first published case of thoracic aortitis and an unusual case of aortic graft infection due to A. defectiva, which were both managed conservatively.
Fully-integrated medical home for people with severe and persistent mental illness: A description and outcome analysis of a Medicare Advantage Chronic Special Needs Program
Authors: Myers Robert
Published: December 2018

People with severe persistent mental illness pose a significant challenge to managed care organizations and society in general. The financial costs are staggering as is the community impact including homelessness and incarceration. This population also has a high incident of chronic comorbid disorders that not only drives up healthcare costs but also significantly shortens longevity. Traditional case management approaches are not always able to provide the intense and direct interventions required to adequately address the psychiatric, medical and social needs of this unique population. This article describes a Medicare Advantage Chronic Special Needs Program that provides a Medical Home, Active Community Treatment, and Integrated Care. A comparison of utilization and patient outcome measures of this program with fee for service Medicare found significant reduction in utilization and costs, as well as increased adherence to the management of chronic medical conditions and preventative services.
The reliability of remembered pre-operative patient-rated wrist and hand evaluation (PRWHE) scores
Authors: Finsen Vilhjalmur , Hillesund Sigrun , Fromreide Ida
Published: December 2018

In clinical audits where pre-operative patient-rated wrist and hand evaluation (PRWHE) scores were not recorded, it would be useful if such scores could be recreated at the time of review. We recorded a PRWHE score during the last week before surgery for 143 patients. They were contacted after 21 months and asked to furnish a new PRWHE of the state they were in during the last week before surgery. 80 (56%) of the patients responded. The mean difference was 10 (SD: 20; SEM: 2) higher remembered pre-operative score. The limits of 95% agreement for individual scores were -29 and 50, while the 95% confidence interval of the mean was 6-15. If 10 is subtracted from the mean remembered preoperative score of a group of patients, the real pre-operative score will with 95% confidence be this score plus/minus 4. Remembered pre-operative PRWHE scores are far too inaccurate to be of value in individual patients. It may be possible to predict the mean real pre-operative PRWHE score in groups of patients with useful accuracy using the remembered pre-operative score.
Regular wintering of Jack Snipe (Lymnocryptes minimus) in NW Italian heathland habitat
Authors: Battisti Andrea , Soldato Giovanni
Published: December 2018

The regularization of the wintering status of the Jack Snipe (Lymnocryptes minimus) in NW Italy has been confirmed for the first time within the heathland of the “Baraggia di Candelo Natural Reserve” (Piedmont, Biella). Regular monitoring from winter 2009/2010 to winter 2015/2016 allowed to describe the phenology and the abundance of the species in the area comparing it with that of an ally species, the Common Snipe (Gallinago gallinago). A maximum count of 6 birds during winter and at least 13 individuals during the spring migration were recorded. The species was more abundant during the second 10-day period of November and the first 10-day period of March. Jack Snipe outnumber the Common Snipe throughout the period they were censused.
Predictive Factors of Treatment Outcomes for Hospital Care in Children with Acute Methadone Poisoning
Authors: Atighi Yasamin , Eizadi-Mood Nastaran , Mansourian Marjan , Zamani Amin , Saffaei Ali , Sabzghabaee Ali Mohammad
Published: December 2018

Objective:

The trend of methadone toxicity in children and adolescents seems to be increasing in Iran since it is used as a legal measure of the treatment for opioids addiction in methadone maintenance therapy clinics. In the present study, we describe the clinical and demographical characteristics of acute methadone toxicity in a cohort of pediatric poisoned patients in Isfahan, Iran and discussed the predictive factors for their treatment outcomes.

Methods:

In this 4-year cross-sectional study which was performed from 2013 to 2016 in a referral university hospital (Isfahan, Iran), medical records of the demographic and admission time clinical characteristics of all in-patients aged <18 years with acute methadone poisoning were abstracted and analyzed. According to the outcomes of hospital care and treatment, patients were divided as survived without medical complication and patients survived with at least one medical complication or death.

Findings:

A total number of 157 (79 male) children and adolescents with a mean age of 105.4 ± 6.1 months were hospitalized and included in the study. A total of 145 (92.4%) patients survived and discharged from the hospital without any medical complication. Pupil size, respiratory rate, and level of consciousness were predictive factors for the outcome of death or medical complications.

Conclusion:

It seems that methadone poisoning in children and adolescents is more commonly accidental in school-aged boys (6–12 years old) and it occurs mostly with the syrup dosage form, especially when one of the parents or people who live with the child has an addiction history and if the patients' house located in lower socioeconomic class area of Isfahan city (Iran).
Off-Label Prescribing of Antipsychotics in a Danish Child and Adolescent Mental Health Center
Authors: Kornø Kristine Tøfting , Aagaard Lise
Published: December 2018

Objective:

We analyzed prescribing patterns of antipsychotics for children and adolescent affiliated with a Danish Child and Adolescent Mental Health Center) with respect to age, sex, medicine, diagnoses, off-label status, and time.

Methods:

We included all patients below 19 years of age prescribed antipsychotics during 2007–2008 and as of November 1, 2014. Prescription data included all antipsychotic prescriptions and prescriptions of concomitant psychotropic medications. We defined an antipsychotic user as a patient receiving at least one prescription during the study period, irrespective of any previous history of antipsychotic use. We defined off-label prescribing as prescriptions outside the licensed age group and approved indication.

Findings:

We analyzed 404 antipsychotic prescriptions that were located for 150 patients. The patients were between 7 and 18 years of age. Two-thirds of the prescriptions were for girls and two-thirds of prescriptions for olanzapine and quetiapine. Totally, 92% of all prescribed antipsychotics were used off-label. For typical antipsychotics, this share was 96% and for atypical antipsychotics 90%. As of November 1, 2014, the total share of off-label antipsychotic prescriptions was 96%, and 63% of these were for medications prescribed outside the approved age group, and 26% for nonlicensed indication(s).

Conclusion:

This study demonstrated a high level of off-label prescribing over time with respect to age and indication. The prescribing patterns underpin the need for further economic incentives for pharmaceutical companies to register pediatric indications, particular for off-patent products.
Open-closed modular operads, the Cardy condition and string field theory
Authors: Doubek Martin , Markl Martin
Published: December 2018

We prove that the modular operad of diffeomorphism classes of Riemann surfaces with both “open” and “closed” boundary components, in the sense of string field theory, is the modular completion of its genus 0 part quotiented by the Cardy condition. We also provide a finitary presentation of a version of this modular two-colored operad and characterize its algebras via morphisms of Frobenius algebras, recovering some previously known results of Kaufmann, Penner and others. As an important auxiliary tool we characterize inclusions of cyclic operads that induce inclusions of their modular completions.
Obmejna območja in narodnostne manjšine na Madžarskem leta 1990
Authors: Toth Jozsef
Published: December 2018

Analiza narodnostne sestave obmejnih območij Madžarske temelji na popisnih podatkih iz leta 1990 in prikazuje Slovake, Romune, Hrvate, Srbe, Slovence in Nemce.
Nekateri elementi povezovanja Slovenije s sosednjimi državami
Authors: Pak Mirko
Published: December 2018

Članek prinaša analizo nekaterih elementov sodelovanja z Avstrijo, Hrvaško, Italijo, Madžarsko: trgovinska menjava, promet potnikov in turistični promet, vključuje pa še druge elemente soodvisnosti regionalnega razvoja in sodelovanja s sosednjimi državami.
Entwicklungschancen der Grenznahen Gebiete von Ungarn
Authors: Berenyi Istvan
Published: December 2018

Članek prinaša razmišljanja o razvojnih procesih v obmejnih območjih ob zahodnih madžarskih mejah v procesu političnih in gospodarskih sprememb ter evropskih integracijskih procesov.
Socialnogeografska zgradba slovenskih mest na kvalitetnem prehodu
Authors: Pak Mirko
Published: December 2018

Na primerih nekaterih elementov socialne zgradbe Ljubljane, Maribora, Kranja in Velenja je prikazan najnovejši razvoj socialnogeografske zgradbe, ki je zajel vsa slovenska mesta.
Slovenija in oblikovanje sonaravne razvojne strategije Evropske zveze
Authors: Plut Dušan
Published: December 2018

Zaradi okoljskih in razvojnih razlogov je Evropska zveza v prvi polovici 90. let oblikovala nov akcijski okoljski program, ki izhaja iz paradigme sonaravnega razvoja. V članku so predstavljeni okoljski cilji, temeljne sestavine in instrumenti sonaravnega okoljskega programa EZ ter problematika prilagajanja Slovenije evropskim okoljsko - razvojnim trendom.
Geografski prehod
Authors: Klemenčič Marijan M.
Published: December 2018

Prispevek opozarja na pomen geografskih elementov v fazi prehoda z ene na drugo razvojno stopnjo, in sicer na primeru demografskega, gospodarskega in družbenogeografskega prehoda, atomizacija družine, mešanih delavsko-kmečkih gospodinjstev, sodobnega preloga in urbanizacije. Izpostavljena je ideja o geografskem prehodu.
Strukturwandel oder Strukturbruch im Grenzraum- Bevölkerungs- und Wirtschaftsveränderungen im bayerischen und böhmischen Grenzland
Authors: Maier Joerg
Published: December 2018

Obravnavan je družbenogospodarski razvoj bavarsko-češke obmejne regije s poudarkom na spremembah po letu 1989.
Možnosti nadaljnjega sonaravnega razvoja ob treh sosednjih južnoalpskih rekah: Piavi, Tilmentu in Soči
Authors: Natek Karel
Published: December 2018

Članek prinaša glavne rezultate primerjalne študije o treh juznoalpskih rekah (Piavi in Tilmentu v Italiji ter Soci v Sloveniji), ki so si po naravnih znacilnostih zelo podobne, zaradi razlicne rabe pa se po moznostih nadaljnjega sonaravnega razvoja med seboj zelo razlikujejo, saj sta Piava in Tilment skoraj v celoti izrabljena za pridobivanje elektricne energije, Soca pa je ostala v razmeroma naravnem stanju.
Odnosi i veze u prigraničnim područjima na primjeru hrvatsko-slovenske granice
Authors: Stiperski Zoran
Published: December 2018

V prispevku se poskuša dati odgovor na vprašanje o novem položaju lokalnih skupnosti ob slovensko – hrvaški meji po nastanku meddržavne meje l99l leta. Analiziran je le del obmejnega območja ob reki Sotli med mejnima prehodoma Macelj (Zagreb – Maribor) in Bregana (Zagreb – Ljubljana). Predstavljeni zaključki temeljijo na anketi predstavnikov lokalne politične oblasti in industrijskih obratov. Izstopajo tri značilnosti življenja lokalne skupnosti ob navedni meji: mirno obmejno sožitje, slabo gospodarsko in družbeno sodelovanje in počasno ločevanje.
Posebnosti Istre kao prigranične regije Hrvatske
Authors: Sić Miroslav
Published: December 2018

V članku so prikazane posebnosti Istre v regionalnem razvoju Hrvaške. Posebej so izpostavljeni pomen geografskega položaja, gaspodarske razvitosti in razvoja. Regionalna identiteta Istre je analizirana z gospodarskega, kulturnega in političnega vidika. Prikazane so prekomejne funkcije Istre ter tendenca medregio-nalnega sodelovanja na področju Severnega Jadrana.
Pozebe v Primorju z vidika uspevanja mediteranskih kultur
Authors: Ogrin Darko
Published: December 2018

Klimatske značilnosti JZ Slovenije se približujejo sredozemskim, zato tu še uspevajo nekatere kulture, najpomembnejša je oljka, ki so značilne za osrednji Mediteran. Te kulture rastejo na njihovi severni klimatski meji, zato jih ogrožajo občasne pozebe. Razvoju oljkarstva in tudi drugih klimatsko zahtevnejših kultur gredo na roke tudi klimatski trendi v zadnjih desetletjih in napovedi za 21. stoletje, ko naj bi se podnebje še otoplilo.
Vloga in pomen regionalnega razvojnega načrtovanja - primer Gorenjske
Authors: Zupan Slavka
Published: December 2018

Pojem regionalni razvoj je v geografski teoriji že dolgo prisoten, medtem, ko se v slovenski praksi pa se z njim v pravem pomenu besede srečujemo šele v zadnjih treh letih, odkar je bil leta 1999 sprejet Zakon o spodbujanju skladnega regionalnega razvoja. Namen prispevka je na primeru Gorenjske predstaviti posledice dosedanjega izvajanja zakona in oceniti njegov vpliv na življenje in konkurenčni položaj regije v Sloveniji.
Slovensko Sredozemlje in trajnostni razvoj
Authors: Bricelj Mitja
Published: December 2018

Regionalni pristop temelji na upoštevanju fizičnih, družbenih ter ekonomskih značilnosti pokrajine kar je osnova za celovito načrtovanje razvoja. Primer Slovensko Sredozemlje in trajnostni ravoj kaže pristop vključevanja javnosti v priprave načrta upravljanja z obalo. Ta proces narekuje iskanje novih oblik posredovanja ključnih vsebin zainteresiranim javnostim kar terja tudi njihovo dejavno opredelitev do različnih.
Sonaravni turizem v regiji Alpe-Jadran - realnost ali utopija
Authors: Gosar Anton
Published: December 2018

Pričujoči prispevek obravnava zatečeno stanje na področju ekološke ozaveščenosti med turisti in turističnimi delavci na območju alpskega sveta Jugovzhodnih Alp, v Italiji in Avstriji. Ponekod so ekološko naravnani programi postali temelj promocije posameznega turističnega središča. Upravljalci - turistični menadžerji in turisti so si enotni, da sta narava in kulturna dediščina pomembni sestavini turistične ekonomije. Degradirano okolje je potrebno sanirati vendar, po mnenju turistov in upravljalcev, ne na njihov račun.
Države in regije v združeni Evropi
Authors: Tóth József
Published: December 2018

Članek obravnava vprašanja državnih meja znotraj združene Evrope in izpostavlja vprašnje konfliktnih meja ter funkcijo regij v konceptu Evropa regij. Na različnih primerih predstavlja ustreznost meja skozi čas in njihovo funkcionalnost, kar še posebej izstopa v regionalnem okviru.
O razvoju fizične geografije v Sloveniji in njenih sodobnih izzivih
Authors: Gams Ivan
Published: December 2018

Članek prikazuje dosedanji razvoj fizične geografije v Sloveniji kot dela kompleksne geografske vede, katere vrh so regionalnogeografske monografije Slovenije. Avtor vidi izziv za bodoči razvoj fizične geografije v Sloveniji v konkurenci več, močnejših in bolje opremljenih inštitutov s podobnimi delovnimi področji. Edino kvantitativno vrednotenje izbranih pokrajinskih pojavov lahko po avtorjevih izkušnjah ohrani geografiji že standardno in še vedno edino preostalo vlogo v domoznanskih prostorskih znanostih. Kljub večjemu zanimanju javnosti za družbeno geografijo pa zagotavlja tudi fizični geografiji pomembno vlogo 2-3-krat povečan vpis slušateljev geografije na v zadnjih letih še razširjeno mrežo visokošolskih ustanov.
Problematic of the functional structure of Slovene cities
Authors: Pak Mirko
Published: December 2018

Slovene cities are subject of rapid spatial, structural and functional development. Ljubljana, the capital, is pointing out, where development differences are increasing in comparison to other Slovene cities. The article represents the processes of tertiarisation, spatial changes and changes in the functional structure of Slovene cities.
Urban policy under new labour: a new dawn?
Authors: Ball-Petsimeris Susan
Published: December 2018

British urban policies can be collectively characterised as a series of experiments intro-duced by successive newly elected governments keen to put their own ideological twist on policy for the inner cities and peripheral. The aim of this paper is to examine whether or not, or to what extent, New Labour’s urban policy marks a change in policy direction. Fol-lowing a presentation of the legacy of urban policy left by the outgoing New Right gov-ernment, the paper will go on to outline New Labour’s ideological standpoint. This discus-sion will provide the context for an examination of the urban policies introduced by the Blair administration.
Interdependence in urban systems: the urban consequences of the growth of higher education and research in Sweden
Authors: Wärneryd Olof
Published: December 2018

This study suggests that history may repeat itself, especially in the context of ideas as, for example, in the concept of interdependence in urban systems. The background to the study is that there have been three main phases of development in the Swedish urban system: the first in the 1950s and 60s was a period of growth with a strong hierarchical component, focused on the bigger cities; the second was a phase of relative decline in the cities, with the growth of suburban and urbanized regions; the current trend, since the mid 1980s is another phase of growth in those centres that have higher educational institutions which have been deliberately spread throughout the system. This has led to the ‘saving’ of many towns that would probably have declined. Today we may be seeing the emergence of a new phase of change related to what may be called ‘cosmopolitan interdependence’ in which cities are linked into wider international patterns of interconnection. This study draws atten-tion to some of the main components of these changes, set in an historical context. It emp-hasizes how increasing flows of persons, goods, information, transactions, etc., have deep-ened the dependence between regions and cities, which has led to the strengthening of the urban system through the greater interdependence of its parts and demonstrates the in-creasingly important role of higher education in our urban system. Hence the concept of interdependence should be seen as important a concept as ever in our study of urban sys-tems, although in new forms.
A geographical study of the international urban system between China and Japan in terms of Japanese affiliated entreprises
Authors: Du Guoqing
Published: December 2018

The Japanese-affiliated enterprises in China are considered to have played important roles for economic development of both two countries. Looking at cities with Japanese-affiliated enterprises, this research investigates the changes in the international urban system between China and Japan. We selected 5084 direct investments items from Japan to China and inve-stigated the spatial structure of the international urban system in 4 periods.
Ethnic segregation in Tel-Aviv - Jaffa
Authors: Shnell Itzhak
Published: December 2018

In the article analysis of the segregation of 1000 representatives of eight important ethnic groups in Tel-Aviv – Jaffa is represented. The comparison of results was made on the basis of index of dissimilation. Each ethnical group is analysed with regard to its spatial distribu-tion, a sample of each group being analysed on the basis of the index of dissimilation as well as spatial and interactive segregation.
The residential-environment climate sense of place in locations of urban revitalization
Authors: Billig Miriam
Published: December 2018

This paper proposes to use the concept of “sense of place” to describe the particular atmo-sphere prevailing in any specific residential environment. The sense of place is expressed through a number of variables of behavior and variables of personal feeling. The study identifies the sense of place in and around two new housing developments, built in two neglected neighborhoods in the city of Ramat Gan. Results were based on ethnographic analysis of in-depth interviews of residents, half of them living in the new buildings and half of them in adjacent old buildings.
Theories, models and urban realities. From New York to Kathmandu
Authors: González Román Rodríguez
Published: December 2018

At the beginning of the 21st century, there are various social theories that speak of global changes in the history of human civilization. Urban models have been through obvious changes throughout the last century according to the important transformation that are pro-posed by previous general theories. Nevertheless global diversity contradicts the generaliza-tion of these theories and models. From our own simple observations and reflections we arrive at conclusions that distance themselves from the prevailing theory of our civilized world. New York, Delhi, Salvador de Bahia, Bruges, Paris, Cartagena de Indias or Kath-mandu still have more internal differences than similarities.
Ljubljanska urbana regija - problemska regija?
Authors: Kušar Simon
Published: December 2018

Zgostitvene regije so poseben tip problemskih regij s specifičnim spletom razvojnih problemov. S pomočjo analize procesov in stanja na gospodarskem, demografskem, socialnem, prostorskem in okoljskem področju v Ljubljanski urbani regiji so izpostavljeni poglavitni problemi v regiji in temeljni vzroki zanje. Izsledki v celoti potrjujejo začetno domnevo, da ima obravnavana regija vse značilnosti zgostitvenega tipa problemskih regij.
Lokacija in funkcija hipermarketov in nakupovalnih središč v Zagrebu
Authors: Lukić Aleksandar
Published: December 2018

Članek obravnava prostorsko razmestitev, funkcijsko strukturo in funkcije nakupovalnih središč in hipermarketov v Zagrebu. Raziskava je zajela vsa nova nakupovalna središča , ki so klasificirana glede na njihovo funkcijsko in drugo zgradbo, glede na število dejavnosti na osnovi podatkov vprašalnika na različnih lokacijah v Zagrebu.Raziskava s vprašalnikom je bila zastavljena tako, da bi lahko ovrednotili nakupna središča glede na njihove funkcije in lokacije v Zgrebu.
Strokovne analize v prostorskem planiranju
Authors: Černe Andrej
Published: December 2018

Analiza prispeva k uresničevanju treh temeljnih splošnih namenov prostorskega planiranja: je podlaga procesu nastajanja politik, konceptov in strategij, daje temeljne informacije prebivalcem, lastnikom zemljišč, investitorjem in planerjem ter pomaga pri izvajanju prostorskih politik, strategij, planov, programov in projektov. Analiza je v planiranju na splošno namenjena: razumevanju sedanjih razmer in pogojev, znotraj katerih sprejemamo planske odločitve; opredeljevanju prioritetnih vprašanj in njihovemu reševanju; oblikovanju splošnih načel za nadaljnja razvojna prizadevanja.
Teritorialni del reforme lokalne samouprave v Sloveniji
Authors: Čokert Andrej
Published: December 2018

Reformo lokalne samouprave v Sloveniji sestavlja pet sestavin: funkcionalno, ozemeljsko, organizacijsko, . nancno-materialno in pravno. Prispevek je namenjen analizi ozemeljske sestavine. Teritorialna komponenta vkljucuje ustanovitev novih obcin, ki so nadomestile nekdanje komune. Leta 1994 je bilo ustanovljenih 147 novih obcin, namesto nekdanjih 62 komun, leta 1998 je bilo dodatno ustanovljenih 45 obcin in leta 2002 še ena. Sedaj je v Sloveniji 193 občin, vendar vse ne izpolnjujejo zakonskih pogojev (5000 prebivalcev).
Podeželje v sodobnih razvojnih razmerah
Authors: Potočnik Slavič Irma
Published: December 2018

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Oblike podeželskih naselij na Poljskem in njihova preobrazba v teku zgodovine
Authors: Koter Marek , Kulesza Mariusz
Published: December 2018

Prispevek analizira vplive političnega razvoja na oblikovanje podeželskih naselij. Podeželje na Poljskem je v svoji zgodovini doživelo številne velike spremembe. Za evropsko raven velja Poljska za državo, kjer se je meja pogosto spreminjala. Vse to ter številni kulturni vplivi iz sosedstva so oblikovali zelo raznolika podeželska naselja, ki so se kljub obema svetovnima vojnama in radikalnim prostorskim posegom v času socializma v marsičem ohranili do danes.
Narodnostno neopredeljeno prebivalstvo ob popisih 1991 in 2002 v Sloveniji
Authors: Repolusk Peter
Published: December 2018

Prispevek obravnava problematiko etničnega neopredeljevanja prebivalstva v popisnih podatkih za leti 1991 in 2002. Skupino sestavljajo etnično neopredeljeni ter statistični kategoriji neznano in oseba ne želi odgovoriti na vprašanje . Na podatek o etnični sestavi Slovenije v zadnjih dvajsetih letih je vplivalo predvsem spreminjanje števila oseb, za katere podatek o etničnem izvoru ni znan. V zadnjem desetletju se je zelo povečalo število oseb v kategoriji neznano.
Geografski pristopi k proučevanju kriznih območij
Authors: Zupančič Jernej
Published: December 2018

Prispevek obravnava pojav kriznih območij v svetu v luči mednarodnih odnosov in preoblikovanja svetovne politične karte. Na podlagi analize fiziognomije, strukture in funkcij teh pokrajin ugotavlja razloge nastanka kriznih območij, podaja značilni potek razvojnih faz in predvsem družbenih ter prostorskih posledic. Le-ta se pogosto obnavljajo in predstavljajo relativno trajna geopolitično nevralgična območja. To so presečišča številnih interesov, čeprav so po svoji strukturi predvsem svetovna periferija. Prispevek predvsem poudarja geografske vidike proučevanja kriznih območij. Na primerih severne Dalmacije na Hrvaškem in Kosova v južni Srbiji ilustrira potek dveh različnih kriznih območij.
Nazaj k Evropi - geopolitični diskurzi o Srednji in Vzhodni Evropi v institucijah Evropske unije
Authors: Rogelj Boštjan
Published: December 2018

Kritična geopolitika obravnava geopolitiko kot diskurzivni postopek, s pomočjo katerega različni akterji prostorizirajo mednarodno politiko. Hitro spreminjanje geopolitičnih razmer so po končani hladni vojni Evropsko unijo prisilile k oblikovanju vedno novih prostorizacij evropskega kontinenta. V ospredju le-teh sta širitev Evrope na vzhod in z njo povezano oblikovanje novih meja Evrope.
Intenzivni program na obmejnem območju Avstrije in Češke
Authors: Potočnik Slavič Irma
Published: December 2018

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Znanstveni posvet in okrogla miza "Evropske razsežnosti urbanizacije" ob 70-letnici red. prof. dr. Mirka Paka
Authors: Rebernik Dejan
Published: December 2018

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Prostorske in funkcijske spremembe v novejšem urbanem razvoju Zagreba
Authors: Sić Miroslav
Published: December 2018

V članku se razpravlja o urbanem razvoju Zagreba v obdobju tranzicije. Analizirajo se štiri procesi, ki so pripeljali do prostorskih in funkcijskih sprememb v razvoju mesta znotraj uprvnih meja. To so: proces nastajanja novega centralnega poslovnega središča (CBD, city), širjenje trgovskih središč in hipermarketov, razvoj stanovanjske gradnje v novih pogojih in prometni problemi ter njihove rešitve. Pod vplivom teh procesov je prostorsko-funkcionalna struktura mesta postala bolj kompleksna. V povezavi s tem je mesto še okrepilo svoj vpliv na razvoj celotne urbane regije.
Nove interpretacije fluvialnih sedimentov na Krasu
Authors: Mihevc Andrej
Published: December 2018

Predstavljene so pomembne brezstrope jame s fluvialnimi sedimenti na Divaškem krasu, v Matarskem podolju in Podgorskem krasu. Opisana je njihova prostorska razprostranjenost ter odnos do obstoječih jam in kraškega površja ter njihov geomorfološki pomen. Sedimenti iz njih so bili analizirani in datirani z različnimi metodami. Največja starost sedimentov je bila ugotovljena v brezstropi jami v Črnotiškem kamnolomu. V njej so na steni ohranjeni fosilni ostanki jamske vodne živali Marifugia cavatica prekriti s 3,2-4,1 Ma starimi sedimenti.
Stihijski (ne)razvoj neurbaniziranega dela mesta na primeru Ljubljane
Authors: Smrekar Aleš
Published: December 2018

Urbanizacija povzroča spremembe v mestih in tudi okoliški pokrajini ter bistveno odstopa od konceptov trajnostnega razvoja. Poglavitni vzrok današnjega stanja je odsotnost zrelega odnosa do življenjskega okolja. Na ožjih vodovarstvenih območjih na Ljubljanskem polju je prostor brez vsebine - če odmislimo črpanje vode -, ki omogoča divje vrtičkarstvo, nekontrolirano odvzemanje vode in gramoza ter odlaganje odpadkov. Mestna politika je naredila prve korake k sanaciji degradirane pokrajine.
Okoljska in razvojna vloga kmetijstva v Mestni občini Ljubljana
Authors: Lampič Barbara
Published: December 2018

V prispevku so predstavljeni rezultati raziskave vrednotenja kmetijstva in njegove okoljske vloge s poudarkom na obsegu in vrstah kmetijskega obremenjevanja ter perspektivi kmetijstva na širšem območju Ljubljane. Pokrajinska heterogenost občine pomembno vpliva na usmeritev in funkcije kmetijstva, sedanjo in bodočo rabo zemljišč. Število aktivnih kmetij se je v zadnjem desetletju pomembno zmanjšalo, njihovo upadanje pa se postopoma umirja. Od trenutno 600 aktivnih kmetij je pričakovati, da se bo njihovo število znižalo še za 20 do 30 %, spremenila pa se bo njihova struktura in velikost.
Modeliranje naravnih procesov na primeru zemeljskih plazov
Authors: Komac Blaž , Zorn Matija
Published: December 2018

Na primeru Goriških brd predstavljamo deterministično in probabilistično metodo za izdelavo zemljevidov plazovitosti oziroma procesnih geomorfoloških zemljevidov za zemeljske plazove. Deterministični zemljevid plazovitosti smo izdelali z metodo ponderiranja, za probabilistični zemljevid pa smo uporabili Dempster-Shaferjev algoritem. Deterministične metode so enostavnejše in hitrejše za izdelavo, vendar tudi manj natančne od probabilističnih. V članku je predstavljena primerjava obeh metod.
Voda v prsti in ugotavljanje njenega razporejanja v odvisnosti od reliefa
Authors: Repe Blaž
Published: December 2018

Podatki o količini vode v prsteh Slovenije so skromni in še to so najpogosteje na voljo le v točkovni obliki, kar je težko posplošiti na večje območje. Zato smo razporeditev skušali oceniti na podlagi reliefnih podatkov. Kot merilo razporeditve vode v prsti v pokrajini smo uporabili reliefni indeks vlažnosti. Reliefni indeks vlažnosti kaže na stopnjo akumulacije vode v prsti na določeni izbrani lokaciji, ki je funkcija naklona na tej lokaciji in specifične površine porečja gorvodno od te točke.
Hidrogeografske metode ocenjevanja nemerjenih obdobnih pretokov v Sloveniji
Authors: Trobec Tajan
Published: December 2018

V prispevku so predstavljene hidrogeografske metode, ki se uporabljajo za ocenjevanje obdobnih pretokov, t. j. več letnih povprečnih pretokov, na vodotokih, ki niso neposredno vključeni v mrežo vodomernih postaj. V uvodnem delu so predstavljena teoretska izhodišča in metodološki postopki ocenjevanja,v nadaljevanju pa smo opozorili na različne omejitve, katerim smo pri tem izpostavljeni.
Razvojni potenciali zavarovanih območij
Authors: Tiran Jernej
Published: December 2018

Namen prispevka je osvetliti prepoznavanje razvojnih potencialov v izbranih zavarovanih območjih: Triglavski narodni park (TNP), Krajinski park Goričko (KPG) in Krajinski park Logarska dolina (KPLD). Zaznavanje razvojnih potencialov se v izbranih parkih razlikuje, kar smo ugotovili s pomočjo anketiranja domačinov in obiskovalcev. Na podlagi njihovih odgovorov in analize stanja so bili določeni razvojni potenciali, ki so v skladu z naslednjimi načeli: izhajajo iz lokalnih virov, so v skladu z veljavno zakonodajo in so trajnostno usmer-jeni.
Nagrade ZGDS in priznanja DUGS za leto 2007
Authors: Urbanc Mimi , Gabrovec Matej , Bratec Mrvar Rožle
Published: December 2018

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