bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Parametric effects in the frictional interaction of a tool with a billet in the process of its treatment by pressure
Authors: Uchitel A. D. , Malinovskyi Yu. A. , Danilina G. V. , Voytenko N. V. , Rybak D. P. , Datsenko S. Y.
Published: December 2019

Purpose. Justification of the influence of pulsating dynamic loads in the surface layers of parts obtained by plastic deformation methods on the quality of finished products during cold rolling, knurling, running in, drawing and stamping.
Research methodology. A schematization was adopted in which the workpiece or part is an anisotropic medium elastically bonded along the surface of the junction of external reinforced layers with the internal mass of the part. On the basis of the proposed physical model, conditions were found under which under the action of cyclic surface loads, violations of the integrity of the appearance of fracturing and waviness of external fibers in the process of strengthening the treatment of semi-finished products and parts are possible.
Findings. The obtained data allows us to establish the frequency characteristics of the process of unstable parametric oscillations caused by nonlinear friction between the forming element and the workpiece (part), which lead to a deterioration in the quality of finished products. In addition, for the steady-state operating modes of machines for cold metal forming, the dependence of the amplitudes of deformation waves, as functions of the maximum pulsations of the “periodic” components of surface forces, was obtained, and measures were proposed to reduce vibroactivity in the area of tool interaction with the workpiece and machine parts for cold processing.
Originality. It consists in formulating and solving the second dynamic problem for the surface layers of the workpiece at the interface of the processed layers and the workpiece array. Depending on the occurring periodic forces for the surface layers, the conditions of steady and unstable operation of the shaping tool and the whole machine for metal forming by pressure, as a whole, are determined.
Practical value of the work lies in the fact that safe modes of operation of metal forming machines have been identified, conditions for improving the design of machines for cold metal forming have been created, under which the possibility of occurrence of parametric oscillations, as well as the reduction of vibratory activity of machines for cold metal forming in minimized whole.
Keywords: running in, knurling, drawing, plastic deformation, roller, tool, workpiece, the amplitude of oscillations, load, excitation coefficient, steady amplitude, deformation wave.
Restrukturyzacja górnictwa węgla kamiennego w Polsce - aspekt organizacyjny
Authors: Jabłoński Adam 
Published: December 2019

Branża górnictwa węgla kamiennego to sektor o znaczeniu strategicznym dla polskiej gospodarki. Stąd istotne są jej prawidłowa organizacja i funkcjonowanie, tak aby uczynić ją konkurencyjną na wolnym rynku energii. W niniejszym opracowaniu pokazano ewolucję organizacji branży węglowej na przestrzeni ostatnich 20 lat. Proces ten wyraźnie wskazuje na strategię integracji jako najbardziej właściwą w przypadku tej branży. (abstrakt oryginalny)
A tale of corruption
Authors: Lemlij Moisés
Published: December 2019

The phenomenon of political corruption is examined from an interdisciplinary approach that combines psychoanalysis with political science and history. The current political crisis in Peru, stemming from the revelation of millionaire bribes delivered by Brazilian companies to a long list of public officials and authorities,including five of the last six former Presidents of the Republic, in order to win the tenders of large public infrastructure works, serves as a starting point of a brief retrospective tour of the history of corruption in a country that reveals its structural and transversal character. The analysis of the particular case of Peru serves as a basis for outlining some general reflections on the responsibility of the electorate, and on the dynamics of relationships among corrupt leaders, their inner circle, and the people that carry them to power. It also explores the extent and scope of a social pathology that Leo Rangell has called the "syndrome of the compromise of integrity".
Quality Assurance of External Beam Radiotherapy and Results of Participation in IAEA/WHO TLD Inter-comparison program for Radiotherapy Level Dosimetry at Khwaja Yunus Ali Medical College & Hospital in Bangladesh
Authors: Sharmin Meher Nigar , Ray Deepak Shankar , Bari Md Abdul , Uddin Md Nazim , Rahman Md Shakilur
Published: December 2019

Background: The outcome of the radiotherapy is highly dependent on how precisely dose is delivered to the tumor and should not exceed±5% of the prescribed dose including all types of uncertainties involved in the treatment procedure.

Objectives: This manuscript describes the comprehensive Quality Assurance (QA) program for two linear accelerators by ensuring Percentage Depth Dose (PDD), Quality Index (QI), Beam Flatness and Symmetry, and beam output consistency at Khwaja Yunus Ali Medical College and Hospital, Sirajganj, Bangladesh. The program is designed according to the policy of the center and by the guidelines of Bangladesh Atomic Energy Regulatory Authority.

Materials and Methods: The adopted QA procedure at our center included daily, weekly, monthly, and yearly checks, as well as individual treatment verifications and participation in IAEA/WHO TLD inter-comparison Program.

Results: The results of the study showed reproducibility in all QA procedures with an average photon for monthly beam output 0.988±0.011, 0.989±0.010 and 1.005±0.006 for 4 MV, 6 MV and 15 MV respectively. The maximum variation of calibration factors of the chambers for last five years between the manufacturer values and the average calibration coefficient lies within -0.298 to 0.47% with an uncertainty of ±1.8% (k=1). The results of IAEA/WHO TLD inter-comparison program of dose measurement shows the ratio of IAEA to KYAMCH values was 1.009±0.018.

Conclusion: The above result shows an excellent agreement of calibration coefficient of ionization chambers and dosimetry with the international standard system

KYAMC Journal Vol. 10, No.-3, October 2019, Page 147-151
Diagnosis of creative self-realization of undergraduates in musical art
Authors: Limin Wei
Published: December 2019

The article presents a methodology for diagnosing experimentally identifying a vivid vividness of the formations of creative self-realization of the magistrates of the musical mystery in the process of the choir-choir movement. Today’s master student of musical mystery in Prague has expanded the horizons of musically-vikonavsky, musically-creative talents, be aware of alternative musical and pedagogical activities, deny your own selfrealization, and learn more about the Criteria have been introduced to the testimonials of the pre-approved approval. The following methods were implemented: methods of nutrition, ranking; diagnostic experiment. By a method of conducting a diagnostic experiment, a voucher of a vivid vividness of the formations of creative selfrealization of magistrates of a musical mystery was formed. So, we conducted a questionnaire with masters of the musical mystery in order to ensure that they are put before creative self-realization. Dalі, the students were blown away for profiling, according to the world’s significance, the components of creative self-realization (cognitivemotivational, gnostic-tsilovy, communicative-constructive, techno-design, creative-design). There was a great deal of discussion with the knowledge of respondents from day to day, the significance of the structure of the previous construct. Prospects for fake science rozvidok vbacha вmo in the development of experimental models of creative self-realization of magistrants of musical mystery. From now on, an analysis of the results of our achievement so that I can actualize respect for the fact that the period of fierce joining the masters of the musical mystery is characterized by their need for creative self-realization. Vrakhova’s students, on purpose, looked at selfsustainability and student initiative, as well as indicators of their creative self-realization from the choir choir.
Muuttunut työelämä heijastuu yliopiston arkeen
Authors: Repo Helka
Published: December 2019

Vuoden tiedeartikkeli antaa äänen työelämän vaatimusten paineen alla elävälle yliopistotyöntekijälle.
Fenomenografia ja variaatioteoria aikuiskasvatustieteen tutkimuksessa
Authors: Paloniemi Susanna , Huusko Mira
Published: December 2019

Aikuiskasvatuksen tutkimusmenetelmiä: Aikuiskasvatuksen asiantuntijat esittelevät aikuiskasvatustieteen tutkimusmenetelmiä ja näkökulmia tutkimukseen.
Draama kokemuksellisen oppimisen muotona yhteiskuntatieteellisessä yliopistokoulutuksessa
Authors: Tökkäri Virpi
Published: December 2019

Kokemuksellisen oppimisen muodot, kuten draamalähtöinen oppiminen, tarjoavat lähtökohtia yleisten työelämätaitojen kehittämiseen yliopistoissa. Draama voi myös avata opiskelijoille uusia näkökulmia teoreettiseen tietoon ja jopa omaan minuuteen.
Sairaanhoitajakoulutus ja naiskansalaisuus
Authors: Laiho Anne , Riikonen Tarita
Published: December 2019

Artikkelin aiheena on sairaanhoitajakoulutus ja sen rakentama naiskansalaisuus eurooppalaistuvassa toimintaympäristössä 1990-luvulta alkaen. Artikkelin lähtökohtana on, että ison, naisvaltaisen ammattiryhmän koulutuksen ja työn muutokset kertovat yleisemminkin suomalaisen naiskansalaisuuden ideaaleista ja ehdoista. Artikkelissa tarkastellaan, millaisia uudelleenorientoitumisen vaiheita sairaanhoitajakoulutus ja sen ohjaus sekä alan työmarkkinat ovat kohdanneet hyvinvointivaltion uudelleenmuotoilussa. Artikkelissa kysytään myös, millaista sairaanhoitajaideaalia (naiskansalaisuutta) sairaanhoitajakoulutuksen viralliset ohjausdokumentit ilmentävät sekä millaisia hoitotyön ehtoja terveydenhuollon organisaatiot välittävät sairaanhoitajaopiskelijoille. Tutkimusaineisto muodostuu sairaanhoitajakoulutuksen ohjausdokumenteista sekä tilastoaineistosta. Ohjausdokumentit määrittelevät sairaanhoitajan osaamista ja ammattikuvaa yhä enemmän uudentyyppisten työelämä-, organisaatio- sekä talous- ja yrittäjyyssanastojen kautta. Toisaalta niissä painotetaan myös humanistis-eettisiä arvoja koulutuksen lähtökohtana. Ideaali sairaanhoitaja ja naiskansalainen on aktiivinen ja kansainvälinen. Ohjausdokumenteissa kuten myös työorganisaatioiden ja työmarkkinoiden ehdoissa korostuvatkin vahvasti joustavuuden ja sopeutumisen odotukset.
Hoivasivistystä etsimässä
Authors: Aaltonen Tarja , Henriksson Lea , Tiilikka Tiina , Valokivi Heli , Zechner Minna
Published: December 2019

Artikkeli kohdentuu perheen ja läheisten antamaan vanhusten omaishoivaan liittäen sen vapaan sivistystyön keskusteluihin. Omaishoiva ja vapaa sivistystyö liittyvät korostuneesti naiskansalaisten elämänpiiriin ja haasteisiin muuttuvassa yhteiskunnassa. Aineisto koostuu omaishoivaa käsittelevistä mielipidekirjoituksista, joissa hoivan ja sivistyksen teemat risteilevät.  Mielipidekirjoitukset ovat erilaisten sosiaalisten maailmojen, merkitysten ja toimijoiden kohtaamisia, puheavaruuksien rajapintaa.   Rajapinnan käsitteellä tarkoitetaan sosiaalista yhteyttä tai kohtaamisia eri elämismaailmojen, sosiaalisten kenttien tai sosiaalisten organisaatioiden välillä.  Rajapinnat ovat sosiaalisia epäjatkuvuuksia, jotka perustuvat toisistaan eroaviin ja kohtaaviin ristiriitaisiin arvoihin, intresseihin, tietoihin ja valtaan. (Long 2001.) Rajapinta on analyyttinen työkalu auttaen tunnistamaan sosiaalisten maailmojen välisiä yhteyksiä, kohtaamisia ja kitkatapahtumia. Tunnistimme aineistosta kolmen tason kitkatapahtumia. Yhteiskunnallisen tason kitkatapahtumassa käsitellään globaalia, kansallista tai paikallista vanhushoivan tilaa ja sen periaatteita. Instituutioita käsittelevissä kitkatapahtumissa rajapinnalla kamppaillaan esimerkiksi vanhainkodin tai sairaalan ja omaisen välisestä työnjaosta. Yksilötason kitkatapahtumissa kiistelevät omainen ja/ tai vanhus ja heihin kohdentuvat odotukset, heidän tekemisensä tai tekemättömyytensä. Kitkatapahtumien avulla auki kirjoitettu rajapinta tuottaa aineistolähtöisen kuvauksen puheavaruudesta, jonka nimesimme hoivasivistysdiskurssiksi.
Täyttä päivää työttömänä
Authors: Koivunen Tuija
Published: December 2019

Artikkeli sijoittuu uuden työn tekemisen muotojen mukanaan tuomaan kehykseen, jossa työelämä haurastuu ja muuttuu monin eri tavoin yhä epävarmemmaksi. Tätä haurastumista ja yhteiskunnallisten asemien menettämistä kutsutaan prekarisoitumiseksi. Prekarisoitumisen välttämiseksi tai vähentämiseksi monet työntekijät ovat alkaneet tehdä yhä enemmän ei-työtä, joka tähtää työnteon edellytysten parantamiseen. Myös koulutus ja opiskeleminen korostuvat uudella tavalla, kun niiden avulla pyritään vähentämään tai kompensoimaan työn ennakoimattomuutta. Artikkelissa analysoin, millä tavoin uuden työn myötä prekaarissa työmarkkina-asemassa olevien työntekijöiden työ jäsentyy ja limittyy ei-työn kanssa. Lisäksi pohdin, millaisia seurauksia työelämän haurastumisella on työntekijöiden muuhun elämään. Tarkastelen uutta työtä ja sen mukanaan tuomia muutoksia erityisesti feministisen työelämän tutkimuksen käsitteistön ja keskustelujen pohjalta, koska ne tarjoavat artikkelin kysymyksenasettelun kannalta tarpeellista tarttumapintaa työelämän laitamien ja ei-työn tarkasteluun. Siihen, miten uuden työn jaot ja niiden seuraukset jakaantuvat naisten ja miesten kesken, en voi ottaa kantaa tämän artikkelin aineiston perusteella. Artikkelin empiirinen materiaali koostuu 21 puolistrukturoidusta haastattelusta. Aineiston analyysissä olen käyttänyt teoriaohjaavaan sisällönanalyysiin pohjautuva menetelmää, jossa olen keskittynyt uuden työn ja sukupuolen kannalta keskeisiin teemoihin ja kysymyksiin.
Notes to biography of Clyment Kvitka: So when Clyment Kvitka visited Cucavets?
Authors:   Mykola Lysenko Lviv National Music Academy, Lukaniuk Bohdan
Published: December 2019

The first part of the proposed papers covers the history of the ethnographic and folk music collection activity of ethnomusicologist Clyment Kvitka and dialectologist Olena Kurylo in 1921th–1923th. The second part, discussing the expedition in the vil- lage Kukavka, Vinnytsia region, will be published in the next edition of “Ethnomusic” In the initial phase of the collection activities, K. Kvitka used every opportunity to record folk songs. It could be at private places, at hotels, even in a prison or a concentration camp. The beginning of the joint collecting work of K. Kvitka and O. Kurylo dates back to 1921, where the main method was an intentional search of folk performers who originated from different parts of the Ukraine and settled in Kiev. Usually, the performers came from the far northern and western territories of Ukraine, which were to a great extent preserved ethnographically. Joint field collecting excursions were began by the scientifics in 1922. The field recordings were continued in the next three pretty large-scale expeditions in 1923. In the expeditionary sessions O. Kurylo recorded poetic texts and it allowed K. Kvitka to consentrate on writing down musical notes, in particular, to trace possible performing melodic “variations”, which was one of the most characteristic features of his transcriptions of that period. In return, dialectologist O. Kurylo professionally wrote folk songs poetic texts, noting semi-pho- nological fiatures. For the first time, scientists visited Kaniv district in the Kyiv region, where they studied the relict ritual of the harvest cycle – “leading of the «perehenia»”. Later they visited Poltava area and several times the Chernihiv area. Unfortunate- ly, the unique attempts at synchronous fixation of the musical-poetic folk performance have never been published. In the article the chronology of K. Kvitka’s folklore recordings is analyzed in details. Some unreliable data about time and place of the shorthand recordings are corrected. In particular, many sources mistakenly mention the ethnomusicologist’s records were made in the settlements he visited. In fact, these records were made from temporary or permanent migrants in Kyiv. All data are extensively analysed based on historical information from printed sources.
EFFECTIVENESS OF DIABETIC FOOT EXERCISES USING SPONGES AND NEWSPAPERS ON FOOT SENSITIVITY IN PATIENTS WITH DIABETES MELLITUS
Authors: Fadlilah Siti , Sucipto Adi , Rahil Nazwar Hamdani
Published: December 2019

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a critical public health problem, and its prevalence in Indonesia remains high. Diabetes mellitus may cause complications, one of which is neuropathy that can impair foot sensitivity. This requires a treatment by doing diabetic foot exercises using sponges and paper.

Objective: To examine the effectiveness of diabetic foot exercise using sponges and newspapers on foot sensitivity in patients with diabetes mellitus.

Methods: This is a quasi-experimental study with pretest posttest with a control group research design, which was conducted at Public Health Center Depok III, Sleman Regency, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. An accidental sampling technique was used to select participants, with a total sample of 108 respondents consisting of 36 respondents in a control group, 36 respondents in a sponge group, and 36 respondents in a newspaper group. Data were analyzed using Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney test.

Results: Among the three groups, only those who received foot exercises using sponges and newspapers had a significant effect on foot sensitivity (p <.05). However, there was no significant difference on the effect of foot exercise on foot sensitivity between sponges and newspapers group (p >.05).

Conclusion: The use of sponges and newspapers in foot exercise could significantly improve foot sensitivity in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. It is therefore recommended for nurses to provide the foot exercise as a part of nursing practice in both hospitals and community health centers.
OPTIMIZING NURSING DOCUMENTATION AS AN EFFECTIVE METHOD TO EXPRESS NURSING
Authors: Prasetyo Yunus Adhy
Published: December 2019

N/A
Dijital Konfederalizm’den Teknolojik Tekilliğe Giden Süreçte Bilgi Güvenliği ve “Uyarlanmış Gerçek” Kavramı: Kuramsal Bir Çalışma
Authors: ÖZMEN Cevdet
Published: December 2019

Bilgi her zaman dolaşım içerisindedir ve bu dolaşım esnasında çeşitli modifikasyonlara uğrayarak akışını sürdürür. Bu sayede bilgi yenilenerek canlı kalır ve ilerlemeye devam eder. Bilgi üzerinde yapılan bu değişikliklerdeki asıl amaç; bilginin çeşitli iyileştirmelerle güncel kalmasına ve geçerliliğinin korunmasına katkı sunmaktır. Diğer taraftan ise bilginin bozularak ya da çeşitli manipülasyonlara maruz bırakılarak belirli amaç, çıkar, politik görüş vb. için kullanılması söz konusudur. Dijital ve Endüstri 4.0 platformları üzerinde/içerisinde akış halinde olan bilginin “gerçek” olarak sembolize edildiği bu çalışmada, bilginin Dijital Konfederalizm’den Teknolojik Tekilliğe doğru bir “ok” gibi yol alması sürecinde, “gerçek”in neden “uyarlanmış gerçek”e dönüşmesi ve yoluna bu şekilde devam etmesi gerektiği kuramsal olarak tartışılmıştır. Sistem Yaklaşımı’ndan hareketle, parçaların bütüne etkisi göz önünde bulundurularak yapılan bu çalışmanın amacı: Bilginin (bu çalışmada “gerçek” olarak ele alınmıştır) dolaşımının sembolik bir şekilde anlatılarak, bilginin yani gerçeğin gerektiği gibi korunamadığında, yakın gelecekte insanlığın önüne çıkabilecek çeşitli risklerin neler olabileceğinin ortaya konulmasıdır. Literatür taraması ve analoji yapılarak oluşturulan bu kuramsal çalışmada, araştırmacı tarafından geliştirilen bir tasarım model üzerinden kurgulanan ve bilgiyi temsil eden “gerçek”e yapay zekâ destekli bir regülatör ile kılavuzluk edilmesinin önemli olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Geliştirilen tasarım modelde ikinci katman olarak belirtilen alanda yer alan Kuantum Bilgisayarlar, Endüstri 4.0 ve Teknolojik Tekillik zincirinde gerekli ayarlamaların yapılamadığında “uyarlanmış gerçek”e ne olacak sorusuna aranan cevapta, “uyarlanmış gerçek”in, dolayısıyla “gerçek”in, Teknolojik Tekillik tarafından yutularak yeniden dolaşıma girememe riskinin var olduğu öngörülmüştür. Bu durumdan kurtulabilmek için yapay zekâ ve bileşenlerine önemli bir yük düşmektedir. Sonuç olarak, yapay zekâ’nın özellikle regülatör gücünden faydalanılmasının yanı sıra, sistemi oluşturan ana platformların (Kuantum Bilgisayarlar ve Endüstri 4.0) ise, işlem hızı yönünden benzer frekans aralığında ve uyumlu bir şekilde çalıştırılmasının sağlanabilmesi gerektiği önerilmektedir.
CitrusVol Validation for the Adjustment of Spray Volume in Treatments against Tetranychus urticae in Clementines
Authors: Fonte Alberto , Garcerá Cruz , Tena Alejandro , Chueca Patricia
Published: December 2019

The optimization of the water volume used to apply pesticides with airblast sprayers is key to reducing water footprint, costs, operational time and drift of pesticides. This study evaluated a new tool (CitrusVol) that adjusts the spray volume to the characteristics of the vegetation and the pesticide used to control the two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae in clementine trees. This mite is one of the main citrus pests because it damages fruit before harvest. For this aim, a total of 20 applications against T. urticae were evaluated during two consecutive years in seven commercial orchards. In these orchards, we evaluated: (i) the distribution of the spray in tree canopies, (ii) pest density before and after the treatment, and (iii) fruit damage at harvest when conventional volumes and volumes adjusted with CitrusVol were applied. On average, CitrusVol reduced 36% the water volume used to control T. urticae in the 20 applications. This reduction in the spray volume involved a decrease in the coverage in some parts of the canopy. However, T. urticae density and fruit damage at harvest were similar in trees treated with the adjusted volume calculated with CitrusVol and the volume used by the owners of the orchard. Therefore, the spray volume recommended by CitrusVol is adequate to control T. urticae in clementines.
Antioxidant Activity of Polyphenolic Plant Extracts
Authors: Stagos Dimitrios
Published: December 2019

Plant polyphenols are secondary metabolites characterized by one or more hydroxyl groups binding to one or more aromatic rings [...]
Boundary Shape Inversion of Two-Dimensional Steady-State Heat Transfer System Based on Finite Volume Method and Decentralized Fuzzy Adaptive PID Control
Authors: Yang Liangliang , Sun Xiaogang , Chu Yuanli
Published: December 2019

A shape identification scheme was developed to determine the geometric shape of the inaccessible parts of two-dimensional objects using the measured temperatures on their accessible surfaces. The finite volume method was used to calculate the measured point’s temperature in the forward problem. In the inversion problem, the decentralized fuzzy adaptive Proportion Integral Differential (PID) control (DFAC) algorithm was used to compensate for the inversion boundary by using the difference between the measurement temperature and the calculation temperature. More accurate inversion results were obtained by introducing the weighted and synthesized normal distribution. In the inversion problem, the effects of the initial guess, the number of measuring points, and the measurement error were studied. The experiment calculation and analysis showed that the methods adopted in this paper still maintain good validity and accuracy with different initial guesses and decrease the number of measuring points and the existence of measurement errors.
A Non-Contact Photoplethysmography Technique for the Estimation of Heart Rate via Smartphone
Authors: Maestre-Rendon J. Rodolfo , Rivera-Roman Tomas A. , Fernandez-Jaramillo Arturo A. , Guerrón Paredes Nancy E. , Serrano Olmedo José Javier
Published: December 2019

This paper describes the development of an application for mobile devices under the iOS platform which has the objective of monitoring patients with alterations or affections from cardiac pathologies. The software tool developed for mobile devices provides a patient and a specialist doctor the ability to handle and treat disease remotely while monitoring through the technique of non-contact photoplethysmography (PPG). The mobile application works by processing red, green, and blue (RGB) color video images on a specific region of the face, thus obtaining the intensity of the pixels in the green channel. The results are then processed using mathematical algorithms and Fourier transform, moving from the time domain to the frequency domain to ensure proper interpretation and to obtain the pulses per minute (PPM). The results are favorable because a comparison of the results was made with respect to the application of a medical-grade pulse-oximeter, where an error rate of 3% was obtained, indicating the acceptable performance of our application. The present technological development provides an application tool with significant potential in the area of health.
Numerical Simulation of 3D Condensation Nanofluid Film Flow with Carbon Nanotubes on an Inclined Rotating Disk
Authors: Ramzan Muhammad , Riasat Saima , Kadry Seifedine , Long Chhaihuoy , Nam Yunyoung , Lu Dianchen
Published: December 2019

Here, we discuss three-dimensional dusty nanofluid thin film flow with nonlinear thermal radiation, where carbon nanotubes flow past an inclined rotating disk with a constant angular velocity of Ω. This novel mathematical model is unique and is discussed here for the first time. Downward draining flow and lateral flow arise due to inclination. The demonstrated geometry is characterized in terms of time-independent continuity, momentum, and energy balance. Similarity transformations convert the partial differential equation into a system of ordinary differential equations. The obtained equations are analyzed numerically using the bvp4c MATLAB function. The thermal field of the dust phase was smaller than that of the nanofluid phase, and this difference was exacerbated by increasing the thermal radiation. To validate the model presented here, it is compared to a previous model; the models showed high concordance.
Storage Compound Accumulation in Diatoms as Response to Elevated CO2 Concentration
Authors: Jensen Erik L. , Yangüez Karen , Carrière Frédéric , Gontero Brigitte
Published: December 2019

Accumulation of reserve compounds (i.e., lipids and chrysolaminarin) in diatoms depends on the environmental conditions, and is often triggered by stress conditions, such as nutrient limitation. Manipulation of CO2 supply can also be used to improve both lipids and carbohydrates accumulation. Given the high diversity among diatoms, we studied the two marine model diatoms—Thalassiosira pseudonana and Phaeodactylum tricornutum, a freshwater diatom, Asterionella formosa, and Navicula pelliculosa—found in fresh- and sea-water environments. We measured the accumulation of reserve compounds and the activity of enzymes involved in carbon metabolism in these diatoms grown at high and atmospheric CO2. We observed that biomass and lipid accumulation in cells grown at high CO2 differ among the diatoms. Lipid accumulation increased only in P. tricornutum and N. pelliculosa grown in seawater in response to elevated CO2. Moreover, accumulation of lipids was also accompanied by an increased activity of the enzymes tested. However, lipid accumulation and enzyme activity decreased in N. pelliculosa cultured in fresh water. Chrysolaminarin accumulation was also affected by CO2 concentration; however, there was no clear relation with lipids accumulation. Our results are relevant to understand better the ecological role of the environment in the diatom adaptation to CO2 and the mechanisms underpinning the production of storage compounds considering diatom diversity.
Graph Theory-Based Sequence Descriptors as Remote Homology Predictors
Authors: Agüero-Chapin Guillermin , Galpert Deborah , Molina-Ruiz Reinaldo , Ancede-Gallardo Evys , Pérez-Machado Gisselle , De la Riva Gustavo A. , Antunes Agostinho
Published: December 2019

Alignment-free (AF) methodologies have increased in popularity in the last decades as alternative tools to alignment-based (AB) algorithms for performing comparative sequence analyses. They have been especially useful to detect remote homologs within the twilight zone of highly diverse gene/protein families and superfamilies. The most popular alignment-free methodologies, as well as their applications to classification problems, have been described in previous reviews. Despite a new set of graph theory-derived sequence/structural descriptors that have been gaining relevance in the detection of remote homology, they have been omitted as AF predictors when the topic is addressed. Here, we first go over the most popular AF approaches used for detecting homology signals within the twilight zone and then bring out the state-of-the-art tools encoding graph theory-derived sequence/structure descriptors and their success for identifying remote homologs. We also highlight the tendency of integrating AF features/measures with the AB ones, either into the same prediction model or by assembling the predictions from different algorithms using voting/weighting strategies, for improving the detection of remote signals. Lastly, we briefly discuss the efforts made to scale up AB and AF features/measures for the comparison of multiple genomes and proteomes. Alongside the achieved experiences in remote homology detection by both the most popular AF tools and other less known ones, we provide our own using the graphical–numerical methodologies, MARCH-INSIDE, TI2BioP, and ProtDCal. We also present a new Python-based tool (SeqDivA) with a friendly graphical user interface (GUI) for delimiting the twilight zone by using several similar criteria.
The Distinctive Effects of Glucose-Derived Carbon on the Performance of Ni-Based Catalysts in Methane Dry Reforming
Authors: Ashik UPM , Asano Shusaku , Kudo Shinji , Pham Minh Doan , Appari Srinivas , Hisahiro Einaga , Hayashi Jun-ichiro
Published: December 2019

This study aimed to investigate the effect of carbon derived from glucose (C) on the physicochemical characteristics and catalytic activity of Ni, supported over SiO2, ZSM-5, and TiO2 in methane dry reforming. Among the Ni catalysts without C, Ni/SiO2 exhibited the highest CH4-CO2 conversion and stability at all experimented temperatures. On the other hand, the C-incorporated catalysts prepared by glucose impregnation, followed by pyrolysis, showed dissimilar performances. C improved the stability of Ni/SiO2 in the reforming at 650 °C and 750 °C and increased the CH4 and CO2 conversion to the level close to the thermodynamic equilibrium at 850 °C. However, this element did not substantially affect the activity of Ni/ZSM-5 and exerted a retarding effect on Ni/TiO2. Characterizations with H2-TPD, XRD, EXAFS, and STEM-EDS revealed that the different influences of C by the supports were attributed to the extent of metal dispersion and metal-support interaction.
Teaching and Learning Methods in Geography Promoting Sustainability
Authors: Yli-Panula Eija , Jeronen Eila , Lemmetty Piia
Published: December 2019

Understanding and learning geographic knowledge and applying it to sustainable development (SD) depends not only on the knowledge itself, but also on how it is taught and studied. The teaching and learning methods for promoting sustainability in geography have not been thoroughly studied. This qualitative study examined articles on geography teaching and SD. The material was selected using keywords related to geography education. The study describes 17 articles published in peer-reviewed scientific journals from 2008 to 2018. The focus group varied from primary to higher education. The proportion of teaching and learning methods were determined. The data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. The foci of the analyses were the teaching and learning methods, topics, goals, and levels of thinking skills. Additionally, features of the teaching methods used in geography education, including outdoor education, to achieve the sustainable development goals (SDGs) were investigated. Different teaching methods used together and interactive learning were the most often preferred. Group work and teachers’ presentations were mentioned in 12 articles, and inquiry-based learning and argumentation in half of the articles. The most often written expressions promoting SD in geography education concerned environmental sustainability (42%), followed by social (25%), economic (19%), and cultural sustainability (14%). The most emphasized features of the current teaching methods were active participation, thinking skills, animation, evaluation, dialog, demonstrations, and information and communication technology skills. The whole school approach and forward-looking perspective in geography should be implemented in school education to reach the SDGs and to support SD.
A Low-Distortion 20 GS/s Four-Channel Time-Interleaved Sample-and-Hold Amplifier in 0.18 μm SiGe BiCMOS
Authors: Ding Hao , Wu Danyu , Zheng Xuqiang , Zhou Lei , Chen Teng , Lv Fangxu , Wang Jianye , An Baifeng , Wu Jin , Liu Xinyu
Published: December 2019

This paper presents a 20 GS/s four-channel time-interleaved sample-and-hold amplifier (SHA), which aims to improve the harmonic distortion performance, eliminate the common-mode voltage fall in track-to-hold transition, and solve the difficulty of timing mismatch calibration among different sampling channels. In data path, the harmonic distortion of the track-hold switch is optimized by introducing a distortion-improving resistor into the switched emitter follower. The common-mode voltage fall is eliminated by an inserted delay-regulating resistor. Additionally, broadband data buffers are utilized to further guarantee a wide bandwidth. In clock path, an interpolator-based phase regulator in analog domain is implemented to calibrate the timing mismatch, hence avoiding the large area cost and complicated algorithm in the digital domain. Fabricated in a 0.18 μm SiGe BiCMOS process, the experimental results show that the SHA achieves a bandwidth of 16 GHz and a total harmonic distortion of −39.6 to approximately −51.8 dB with a −3 dBm input. By applying the proposed sampling phase regulator, the timing mismatch can be optimized to satisfy the requirement of 6-bit resolution at a 4 × 5 GS/s sampling rate. The proposed SHA shows prominent performance on both bandwidth and linearity, which makes it suitable for ultra-high-speed communication networks.
Modified QuEChERS Extraction and HPLC-MS/MS for Simultaneous Determination of 155 Pesticide Residues in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: Melo Maria Graça , Carqueijo Ana , Freitas Andreia , Barbosa Jorge , Silva Ana Sanches
Published: December 2019

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is the staple food of more than half of the world’s population. The main factors affecting the quality of rice include grain length, texture, stickiness, flavor, and aroma. Pesticides are intended for the protection of plant products from weeds, fungi, or insects. However, pesticides also result in negative effects such as environment disturbances, pest resistance and toxicity to both users and food consumers. The aim of this study was to conduct validation experiments of a method for the determination of multi-pesticides in rice, a model food of other cereals. A quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe (QuEChERS) method was used for the extraction of pesticide residues from rice followed by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) with a triple quadrupole instrument using electrospray ionization. The analytical method has chromatography-tandem according to SANTE/11813/2017. The limit of quantification was 5 μg/kg. Recoveries for the 155 analyzed pesticides ranged between 77.1% for pirimiphos-ethyl and 111.5% for flutriafol and they were determined at 3 spiking levels. The proposed method was demonstrated to be quick, simple, precise, and accurate and allowed for evaluating the compliance of cereals samples with legislated maximum residue levels of pesticides in the European Union.
Nano- to Millimeter Scale Morphology of Connected and Isolated Porosity in the Permo-Triassic Khuff Formation of Oman
Authors: Smodej Jörg , Lemmens Laurent , Reuning Lars , Hiller Thomas , Klitzsch Norbert , Claes Steven , Kukla Peter A.
Published: December 2019

Carbonate reservoirs form important exploration targets for the oil and gas industry in many parts of the world. This study aims to differentiate and quantify pore types and their relation to petrophysical properties in the Permo-Triassic Khuff Formation, a major carbonate reservoir in Oman. For that purpose, we have employed a number of laboratory techniques to test their applicability for the characterization of respective rock types. Consequently, a workflow has been established utilizing a combined analysis of petrographic and petrophysical methods which provide the best results for pore-system characterization. Micro-computed tomography (µCT) analysis allows a representative 3D assessment of total porosity, pore connectivity, and effective porosity of the ooid-shoal facies but it cannot resolve the full pore-size spectrum of the highly microporous mud-/wackestone facies. In order to resolve the smallest pores, combined mercury injection capillary pressure (MICP), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and BIB (broad ion beam)-SEM analyses allow covering a large pore size range from millimeter to nanometer scale. Combining these techniques, three different rock types with clearly discernible pore networks can be defined. Moldic porosity in combination with intercrystalline porosity results in the highest effective porosities and permeabilities in shoal facies. In back-shoal facies, dolomitization leads to low total porosity but well-connected and heterogeneously distributed vuggy and intercrystalline pores which improves permeability. Micro- and nanopores are present in all analyzed samples but their contribution to effective porosity depends on the textural context. Our results confirm that each individual rock type requires the application of appropriate laboratory techniques. Additionally, we observe a strong correlation between the inverse formation resistivity factor and permeability suggesting that pore connectivity is the dominating factor for permeability but not pore size. In the future, this relationship should be further investigated as it could potentially be used to predict permeability from wireline resistivity measured in the flushed zone close to the borehole wall.
The Human Isoform of RNA Polymerase II Subunit hRPB11bα Specifically Interacts with Transcription Factor ATF4
Authors: Proshkin Sergey A. , Shematorova Elena K. , Shpakovski George V.
Published: December 2019

Rpb11 subunit of RNA polymerase II of Eukaryotes is related to N-terminal domain of eubacterial α subunit and forms a complex with Rpb3 subunit analogous to prokaryotic α2 homodimer, which is involved in RNA polymerase assembly and promoter recognition. In humans, a POLR2J gene family has been identified that potentially encodes several hRPB11 proteins differing mainly in their short C-terminal regions. The functions of the different human specific isoforms are still mainly unknown. To further characterize the minor human specific isoform of RNA polymerase II subunit hRPB11bα, the only one from hRPB11 (POLR2J) homologues that can replace its yeast counterpart in vivo, we used it as bait in a yeast two-hybrid screening of a human fetal brain cDNA library. By this analysis and subsequent co-purification assay in vitro, we identified transcription factor ATF4 as a prominent partner of the minor RNA polymerase II (RNAP II) subunit hRPB11bα. We demonstrated that the hRPB11bα interacts with leucine b-Zip domain located on the C-terminal part of ATF4. Overexpression of ATF4 activated the reporter more than 10-fold whereas co-transfection of hRPB11bα resulted in a 2.5-fold enhancement of ATF4 activation. Our data indicate that the mode of interaction of human RNAP II main (containing major for of hRPB11 subunit) and minor (containing hRPB11bα isoform of POLR2J subunit) transcription enzymes with ATF4 is certainly different in the two complexes involving hRPB3–ATF4 (not hRPB11a–ATF4) and hRpb11bα–ATF4 platforms in the first and the second case, respectively. The interaction of hRPB11bα and ATF4 appears to be necessary for the activation of RNA polymerase II containing the minor isoform of the hRPB11 subunit (POLR2J) on gene promoters regulated by this transcription factor. ATF4 activates transcription by directly contacting RNA polymerase II in the region of the heterodimer of α-like subunits (Rpb3–Rpb11) without involving a Mediator, which provides fast and highly effective activation of transcription of the desired genes. In RNA polymerase II of Homo sapiens that contains plural isoforms of the subunit hRPB11 (POLR2J), the strength of the hRPB11–ATF4 interaction appeared to be isoform-specific, providing the first functional distinction between the previously discovered human forms of the Rpb11 subunit.
Incidence, Management, Prevention and Outcome of Post-Operative Atrial Fibrillation in Thoracic Surgical Oncology
Authors: Fabiani Iacopo , Colombo Alessandro , Bacchiani Giulia , Cipolla Carlo Maria , Cardinale Daniela Maria
Published: December 2019

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common supraventricular arrhythmia, a recognized risk factor for ischemic stroke, as a potential driver for heart failure (HF). Cancer patients have an increased risk for AF, even not including any cancer-specific treatment, as surgery or chemotherapy. The mechanism is multifactorial, with inflammation and changes in autonomic tone as critical actors. Commonly, AF is a recurrent complication of the post-operative period in cancer surgery (especially thoracic). Recent papers confirmed a significant incidence of post-operative (non-cardiac surgery) AF (PAF), partially mitigated by the use of prophylactic (rate o rhythm control) treatments. A relevant difference, in terms of mean hospitalization time, emerges between patients developing PAF and those who do not, while long term impact remains a matter of debate, due to several potential confounding factors. Besides clinical predictors, structural (i.e., echocardiographic) and bio-humoral findings may help in risk prediction tasks. In this respect, pre-operative natriuretic peptides (NPs) concentrations are nowadays recognized as significant independent predictors of perioperative cardiovascular complications (including PAF), while elevated post-operative levels may further enhance risk stratification. The aim of the present paper is to trace the state of the art in terms of incidence, management, prevention, and outcome of PAF in the field of thoracic surgical oncology.
Influence of the Pecking Motion Frequency on the Cyclic Fatigue Resistance of Endodontic Rotary Files
Authors: Zubizarreta-Macho Álvaro , Mena Álvarez Jesús , Albaladejo Martínez Alberto , Segura-Egea Juan José , Caviedes Brucheli Javier , Agustín-Panadero Rubén , López Píriz Roberto , Alonso-Ezpeleta Óscar
Published: December 2019

Purpose: To analyze the influence of the pecking motion frequency on the cyclic fatigue resistance of endodontic rotary files. Material and Methods: Sixty PlexV 25.06 endodontic rotary files were selected and distributed into three groups: 30 movements/min (n = 20), 60 movements/min (n = 20), and 120 movements/min (n = 20). A dynamic cyclic fatigue device was designed using Computer Aided Design/ Computer Aided Engineering (CAD/CAE) technology and manufactured by 3D impressions to simulate the pecking motion performed by an operator. Failures of the endodontic rotary files were detected by a Light-Emitting Diode (LED)/Light-Dependent Resistor (LDR) system controlled by an Arduino-Driver complex and management software. Endodontic rotary files were tested on an artificial root canal manufactured by wire electrical discharge machining (EDM), with similar dimensions to those of the instrument under examination. Endodontic rotary files were used following the manufacturer’s recommendations. The results were analyzed by ANOVA and Weibull statistics. Results: All pairwise comparisons revealed statistically significant differences in all three variables, except for the difference in the number of cycles between the groups with 60 and 120 movements/min (p = 0.298). The scale distribution parameter of Weibull statistics showed statistically significant differences in all three variables, except for the differences in the number of cycles between groups with 30 and 60 movements/min (p = 0.0722). No statistically significant differences in the three variables were observed for the shape distribution parameter. Conclusion: A low frequency of pecking motion is recommended to reduce the risk of failure of endodontic rotary files associated with cyclic fatigue.
Recovery of Metals from Acid Mine Drainage by Bioelectrochemical System Inoculated with a Novel Exoelectrogen, Pseudomonas sp. E8
Authors: Ai Chenbing , Hou Shanshan , Yan Zhang , Zheng Xiaoya , Amanze Charles , Chai Liyuan , Qiu Guanzhou , Zeng Weimin
Published: December 2019

Acid mine drainage (AMD) is a typical source of environmental pollution ascribing to its characteristics of high acidity and heavy metal content. Currently, most strategies for AMD treatment merely focus on metal removal rather than metal recovery. However, bioelectrochemical system (BES) is a promising technology to simultaneously remove and recover metal ions from AMD. In this study, both cupric ion and cadmium ion in simulated AMD were effectively recovered by BES inoculated with a novel exoelectrogen, Pseudomonas sp. E8, that was first isolated from the anodic electroactive biofilm of a microbial fuel cell (MFC) in this study. Pseudomonas sp. E8 is a facultative anaerobic bacterium with a rod shape, 0.43–0.47 μm wide, and 1.10–1.30 μm long. Pseudomonas sp. E8 can agglomerate on the anode surface to form a biofilm in the single-chamber MFC using diluted Luria-Bertani (LB) medium as an energy substrate. A single-chamber MFC containing the electroactive Pseudomonas sp. E8 biofilms has a maximum output voltage of 191 mV and a maximum power density of 70.40 mW/m2, which is much higher than those obtained by most other exoelectrogenic strains in the genus of Pseudomonas. Almost all the Cu2+ (99.95% ± 0.09%) and Cd2+ (99.86% ± 0.04%) in simulated AMD were selectively recovered by a microbial fuel cell (MFC) and a microbial electrolysis cell (MEC). After the treatment with BES, the high concentrations of Cu2+(184.78 mg/L), Cd2+(132.25 mg/L), and total iron (49.87 mg/L) in simulated AMD were decreased to 0.02, 0.19, and 0 mg/L, respectively. Scanning electron micrograph (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDXS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis indicate that the Cu2+ and Cd2+ in simulated AMD were selectively recovered by microbial electrochemical reduction as Cu0 (together with trace amounts of Cu2O) or Cd0 on the cathode surface. Collectively, data suggest that Pseudomonas sp. E8 has great potential for AMD treatment and metal recovery.
Microbial Transformation of Licochalcones
Authors: Xiao Yina , Han Fubo , Lee Ik-Soo
Published: December 2019

Microbial transformation of licochalcones B (1), C (2), D (3), and H (4) using the filamentous fungi Aspergillus niger and Mucor hiemalis was investigated. Fungal transformation of the licochalcones followed by chromatographic separations led to the isolation of ten new compounds 5–14, including one hydrogenated, three dihydroxylated, three expoxidized, and three glucosylated metabolites. Their structures were elucidated by combined analyses of UV, IR, MS, NMR, and CD spectroscopic data. Absolute configurations of the 2″,3″-diols in the three dihydroxylated metabolites were determined by ECD experiments according to the Snatzke’s method. The trans-cis isomerization was observed for the metabolites 7, 11, 13, and 14 as evidenced by the analysis of their 1H-NMR spectra and HPLC chromatograms. This could be useful in better understanding of the trans-cis isomerization mechanism of retrochalcones. The fungal transformation described herein also provides an effective method to expand the structural diversity of retrochalcones for further biological studies.