bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Short-term Fluctuations Of The Mesospheric Na Layer Observed By High-time-resolution Lidar
Authors: Wang Xiaodong , Yi Fan
Published: September 2018

Based on the 6-s resolution Na lidar measurements during ~395 hours on 47 different nights from May to November 2011 in Beijing(40.2°N, 116°E), China, it was found that the Na density at altitude 83-98 km always exhibited strong short-term fluctuations. The magnitude of the mean absolute increasing and decreasing rates for these short-term fluctuations ranged from ~8 to ~16 cm-3s-1. Their profiles were close to each other with the increasing rate being slightly larger than that of decreasing rate at most altitudes. This difference coincided with the earlier observations that the Na layer column abundance mostly tends to have a slow net increase during night [2]. The characteristic time for the short-term Na density fluctuations had a magnitude ranging from 46 to 118 s at altitudes between 83 and 98 km, which was apparently shorter than the Brunt-Väisälä period (~5 min). The gravity wave seems difficultly to induce observed Na fluctuations.
Effect of Cigarette Packaging Sealing on Cigarette Moisture Content
Authors: Zhan Jianbo , Zheng Han , Wang Hao , Jiao Jun , Zhang Ying , Xie Jiao , Yu Zhenhua , Li Xiangzhen , Wang Xu , Zeng Xu
Published: September 2018

The moisture content of cigarette tobacco directly affects the smoking quality and storage period of cigarettes. The influence of the sealing property of cigarette packets on the moisture of the cigarette was studied, and a solution to improve the sealing property of the small package was provided. At the same time, the standard boundary for judging the packaging tightness of cigarette packets is calculated. Under different temperature and humidity environment, the air flow rate of the same packing box is higher than that of the 30-40mL/min interval. Improvement measures were applied to determine the packing seal value index of soft package cigarettes under certain conditions
Multi-Objective Day-Ahead Optimal Scheduling of Isolated Microgrid Considering Flexibility
Authors: Zhang Liang , Pang Bo , Yi Ruipeng , Gai Pengyu , Xin Chunqing , Yang Longjie , Li Huaqiang
Published: September 2018

In isolated microgrid, renewable energy sources including photovoltaic and wind power, have the nature of intermittence and variability. Making a reasonable day-ahead generation schedule could improve system ability to cope with uncertainty. Therefore, based on day-ahead generation schedule, flexibility insufficiency rate is proposed considering economy and flexibility. Aiming at the lowest flexibility insufficiency rate and optimal operating cost, a day-ahead generation schedule optimizing model of isolated microgrid is established. Under multi-objective particle swarm optimization, Pareto optimal solution set of the day-ahead generation schedule is found. Simulation results of an isolated microgrid show that, day-ahead generation schedule made with the proposed method can improve ability of power system to cope with uncertainty and reduce economic losses.
Activated carbon clogging analysis in an integration of constructed wetland with microbial fuel cell
Authors: Yang Qiao , Gao Chao , Wu Zhen-Xing , Liang Sheng-Na , Liu Min-Hui
Published: September 2018

Constructed wetland (CW) is a low cost and easy operation process for wastewater treatment, while filler clogging is one of the disadvantages for this technology. Using activated carbon as the filler, a regular CW and an integration of constructed wetland with microbial fuel cell (CW-MFC) were constructed. After continuous operation of four months, specific surface area and pore size distribution of the activated carbon were analyzed. The specific surface area of the fresh activated carbon was 133.8 m2/g, while the filler in the CW and CW-MFC systems had specific surface area of 38.1 m2/g and 58.2 m2/g. The surface decrease of the CW-MFC filler was 21% lower than that of CW filler. Comparing with the regular CW, the filler in the CW-MFC was more clogging resistant. The alleviation of the filler clogging in CW-MFC may be caused by the micro-electric field as the function of MFC. CW-MFC is a promising microbial electrochemical technology for wastewater treatment and filler clogging resistant, there are some detailed issues deserve to be further researched.
Research on Control of Distributed Wind Solar Hybrid Power System
Authors: Wang Qing , Qin Yan , Li TianYing
Published: September 2018

In this paper, the authors proposed control strategy algorithm(i.e.,maximum power point tracking(MPPT)) to improve the maximum power generation efficiency of distributed wind and solar power generation.The control algorithm mainly adopted the perturbation observation method(i.e., Power, Current, Torque, Speed and other parameters were perturbed, and the control value was adjusted according to the change of output value, so that the output value finally tended to the given value) and the improved MPPT control algorithm(i.e., change the reference voltage to change the duty ratio).Finally, the authors showed that the efficiency of electricity generation was significantly improved by experimental data comparison.
Development of Ti-Bi-based nanomaterials to purify mercury in the simulated flue gas
Authors: Guan Yu , Yu Lingjie , Wu Jiang , Sun Xiaoming
Published: September 2018

The photocatalytic oxidation technology is a new technology for the oxidation treatment of Hg0 developed in the existing Wet Flue Gas Desulfurization (WFGD) equipment, in which the removal efficiency of Hg2+ is high and the removal efficiency of Hg0 is very low. When ultraviolet light (UV) is used to irradiate a substance containing TiO2 to pass the flue gas, photocatalytic catalytic oxidation reaction occurs, and Hg0 is oxidized to Hg2+, which is easily absorbed later in the WFGD apparatus, thereby improving the removal efficiency of mercury. The technology is still in the experimental development stage and needs further research. It has brought widespread interests to introduce surface defect or form interface heterostructure to improve the photocatalytic activity of the nanomaterials. The Ti-Bi-based nanomaterial photocatalyst with defect TiO2/BiOIO3 heterostructure has been fabricated via calcination method. The results showed that to introduce surface defect and form interface heterostructure on photocatalysts together can increase the response of the visible light, promoting the transfer velocity of the photocarriers and in turn suppressing the recombination of photo-generated electrons and holes, and this may become a developing trend in the near future.
Synthesis, structure and selective adsorption property of Zn metal-organic framework
Authors: Li Yu-Ling , Wang Yu-Fei , Zheng Li-Ping , Zhou Xiao-Li , Li Jing-Jing
Published: September 2018

Zn metal-organic framework material [Zn2(tib)(HBTB)2(H2O)]·2H2O (1) [tib = 1,3,5-tris(1- imidazolyl)benzene, H3BTB = 4,4′,4″-benzene-1,3,5-triyl-tribenzoic acid] was synthesized and characterized by Thermogravimetric analyses (TGA), Powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) analyses and Bruker D8 Advance X-ray diffractometer. The results showed that 1 was a 2D network to be joined together by hydrogen bonds to generate a 3D supramolecular structure. Gas, vapor adsorption behavior of the material was studied. It is meaningful that 1 can selective sorption of CO2 and MeOH.
Influence of Airflow Field on Food Freezing and Energy Consumption in Cold Storage
Authors: Wang Guiqiang , Cheng Xiaohang , Kang Zhiqiangè , Feng Guohui
Published: September 2018

Currently most food products are cooled and frozen in air-blast cold storage to prolong storage time. The airflow field distribution in storage has a great impact on the process of food freezing and energy cost by that. In this paper, a transient model of food freezing considering airflow field was developed to simulation the temperature profile of air and food products during freezing process. A lumped parameter model was used to predict the temperature and moisture profile of air, which connected all other components together, such as air coolers, food products, envelop enclosure and refrigeration system. A finite difference method was employed to model the heat transfer inside food products during freezing, where the mass transfer was neglected as the food products were wrapped with polystyrene films. Unit load factor method was applied to calculate the sensible heat refrigeration capacity and thus the total capacity of air coolers. The simulation was conducted on a large cold storage filled with large quantities of packaged food products. Results show that there are great differences in airflow field distribution at different locations in cold storage, which lead to spacial differences in freezing time required. Inappropriate set point of freezing time prolongs freezing process unnecessarily and leads to extra energy consumption. Operational mode of air coolers has a great impact on the total energy consumption, as they consume energy themselves and release equivalent heat into storage simultaneously.
Application of Bio-energy in Ecological Economy Construction
Authors: Zhang Guoying
Published: September 2018

With the development of economy, environmental pollution especially the quality of atmosphere has become an urgent problem. Bio-energy is introduced first in this dissertation. Then the meaning of exploitation and utilization of bio-energy is analyzed. In the end, central heating project in Linan Banqiao town is introduced to provide a useful case for the reasonable utilization of bio-energy in ecological economy construction.
Numerical Simulation of Aerodynamic Performance of Off-grid Small Vertical Axis Wind Turbine
Authors: Mo Qiuyun , Yin Jiabei , Chen Lin , Liu Weihao , Jiang Li , Liao Zhiqiang
Published: September 2018

In this paper, a 2D off-grid small compact model of vertical axis wind turbine was established. The sliding grid technology, the RNG turbulence model and the Coupld algorithm was applied to simulate the unsteady value of the model's aerodynamic performance. Through the analysis on the flow field at difference moments, the rules about velocity fields, vortices distributions and the wind turbine's total torque were obtained. The results show that: the speed around wind turbine blades have obvious gradient, and the velocity distribution at different times show large differences in the computional domain. In the rotating domain vorticity is large. With away from the rotation domain, vorticity reduced quickly. In the process of rotating for vertical axis wind turbine, the wind turbine's total torque showed alternating positive and negative changes.
Effects of the Gas Outlet Duct Length on the Performance of Cyclone Separators
Authors: Qiu Bingbing , Li Wenke
Published: September 2018

The numerical simulation of the cyclone separator was carried out by CFD software. The effects of the gas outlet duct length on the pressure drop and separation efficiency were discussed. The gas phase is used as a continuous medium, and the RNG k-ϵ turbulence model is used to simulate the flow field. Using the particle phase as a discrete system, a random orbital model is used to calculate the orbit of the particle based on the calculated flow field. The simulation results show that the flow field in the cyclone separator is anisotropic. When the inlet velocity is constant, the pressure drop of cyclone separators increases with the increase of gas outlet duct length. The longer gas outlet duct can limit the inflowing gas, so that there is enough time to establish uniform rotating flow. It helps stabilize the spiral airflow and improve the separation performance of cyclone separator.
The Effect of Different Operational Parameters on Biomass(The Pine Wood) Gasification
Authors: Huang Fen-xia , Jin Shi-ping , Lin Yi-xin , Shu Zhao-hui , Li Sheng
Published: September 2018

Biomass gasification gains additional significance each year. For the pursuit of the H2 content of product gas, selecting air-dried pine wood chips as gasification feedstock, a lot of experimental work is completed in gasifier by altering the operation parameters such as particle size(60mesh,80mesh,100mesh),temperature (700°C,750°C,800°C,850°C,900°C) and steam mass to biomass mass ratio(S/B)(0.7,1.4,2.1,2.8).The effects of operation parameters on the ingredients of product gas are analyzed, which predicts the optional operation parameters for other biomass gasification.
Analysis of domestic and overseas carbon trading market
Authors: Zong Jianfang , Chen Liang , Sun Liang , Guo Huiting
Published: September 2018

With the rapid development of international carbon finance, the carbon finance market has already been developed worldwide, including China, and has a very good development potential in the future. This paper first introduces the background of carbon trading, analyzes the domestic and overseas carbon trading market, and studies the construction framework of China's carbon trading market. This paper also elaborates the analysis of global carbon trading market development status. Finally, the analysis of China's carbon trading countermeasures are provided as per the aforesaid analysis results.
Application of domestic high-resolution satellite data On Geological Hazard Monitoring in Coal Mining Areas
Authors: Jie Wang , Hao Wang , Weiling Yao , Haiqing Wang , Li Li
Published: September 2018

Rapid development of remote sensing technology has become an important means of geological hazards monitoring. Domestic high- resolution satellite data such as TH-1, ZY-3, GF1/2 and BJ-2, because of its high quality and low price, are more and more widely used in the field of geology. However, there are still some problems in data processing and the research on domestic satellite data in coal mining geological hazards monitoring is not much. So it needs further research and application. This paper aims to establish a set of technology scheme for dynamic monitoring and analysis of geological hazards in coal mining collapse area based on domestic high-resolution satellite. We selected the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Midong District of Urumqi where geological disasters are more serious as the study area, compared and analyzed the domestic high-resolution satellite images based on the TH-1 (2014), GF-1 (2015), BJ-2 (2016). This paper identified dynamic change of geologic hazard, set up the symbol of interpretation, evaluated and explored the practicability of land disaster investigation and dynamic monitoring with domestic high-resolution satellite. Based on the dynamic monitoring with domestic high-resolution satellite data from 2014 to 2016, we found that the geological disasters such as ground collapse and ground cracks are increasing. We suggest that it should be planned first, and exploitation should be scientific. It is necessary to strengthen the restoration of governance.
Synthesis and Characterization of Furans and Levulinates Polymers: Derived from Cellulosic Carbohydrates via Aldol Condensation
Authors: Tan Jin , Wang Chenguang , Zhang Qi , Ma Longlong
Published: September 2018

Aldol condensation between furans and levulinates shows a selective route for the polymers production. In this work, the influences of mole ratio between furans and levulinates as well as substrate species on the formation of polymers structure were investigated. The characterization of gel permeation chromatography and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance to the synthesized polymers suggested that the mole ratio between furans and levulinates, and substrate species exhibited a great effect on the structure of polymers. Higher mole ratios between furans and levulinates resulted in the aggravated polymerization. EMF-EL polymers showed larger molecular weight distribution compared with FFA-EL/LA polymers. This investigation further provides other key factors to the decision of polymer structure.
Study on methods of design technology for the nightscape of urban gardens
Authors: Min Lu , Baoshan Sun , Donghe Li , Xiaonan Luo , Peng Zhao
Published: September 2018

As a new form of landscape designing, the garden nightscape is an important part of the urban landscape planning and design. The scientific and reasonable method of design technology for the city garden nightscape can provide foundations and technical supports for the design of garden nightscape and the creation of excellent landscape. The study analyzes and summarizes the application of lighting source, landscape lamps and the landscape lighting technology in the garden. It is indicated that the modern garden nightscape shows the trend of comprehensive utilization of high efficiency, energy saving, low carbon ecology, lighting and decoration, and high technology.
Unified particle method with application to the 2013 Huangping landslides and tsunamis event of China
Authors: Jiang Quan , Chen Xi-liang , Qiu Xiang-dong
Published: September 2018

In this study, a unified particle method is presented to simulate the fluid-solid coupling problem in broad range of scales such as landslide and tsunamis. First, a general overview of the method is addressed, and the governing equations are solved in a Lagrangian form. Second, the method is used to simulate the Scott Russell wave generator experiment containing simple fluid-solid coupling, and the relationship between the simulation results and the experimental results is analyzed to verify the validity of the model. Then, the method is applied to the 2D processes simulation of Huangping landslide generated impulse waves in large scale. The results show that: in the verification test, the wave amplitude error between the simulation and the experimental data is almost 0. In the application case of Huangping landslides and tsunamis, the maximum impulse wave height obtained by the simulation is close to the local observations, which indicates that the method has high accuracy and credibility.
A brief analysis of the development of green building technology in Shanxi—take residential buildings as an example
Authors: Jinlan Meng , Yubo Gao
Published: September 2018

Facing the two problems of environmental pollution and resource shortage, human realizes the harm brought by the economic deformity development to nature, and green building arises at the historic moment. In order to promote the application of green building technology in the market, this paper first understand the state of development of green building in domestic, and then combine the environmental factors and energy consumption analysis in Shanxi area, take residential buildings as the object, and analyze the development and application of green building technology briefly in Shanxi area.
The Study on the Effect of the Piston Shapes through Biodiesel Mixture Combustion in Diesel Engine
Authors: Xu Changchun , Kalam Md. Abul , Cho HaengMuk
Published: September 2018

In this work, we studied the combustion characteristics of a direct injection compression ignition (DICI) engine. Diesel uses different cylinder geometry and different injection rate shapes. We can change the piston surface to compare turbulent flow energy and eddy viscosity. So we use three geometric piston bowls for comparison. The geometry is set to a single circle, a double circle and a flat bottom so that the engine combustion characteristics can be improved and the exhaust emissions can be reduced. Therefore, we can find through simulation that a double circular geometry piston with a better geometry has the highest turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) and this results in two peak heat releases with a main peak heat release during premixed combustion. And secondary peak heat release occurs during the mixed controlled combustion phase. This article adopts this geometry. The air-biofuel mixture can be squeezed in two wheels because better vortexing can squeeze the mixture better to improve the mixture. Therefore, this article will examine the bowl-shaped geometries that produce high-KTE and low-viscosity fuels, single-circle geometries, double-circular geometries, and flat base geometries. In general, we can increase the air/fuel ratio by changing the geometry to reduce exhaust emissions.
Intelligent Pasture Cloud Management System Based on Fuzzy Mathematics PID Control
Authors: Wu Jianbo , Chai Song
Published: September 2018

In current China, especially in western provinces, pasture management is largely backward and has low level of automation, and intelligent pasture systems are urgently needed to improve efficiency of management process and reduce operating cost. An intelligent pasture cloud management system based on fuzzy PID control algorithm is proposed in this paper, which consists of management platform software, transmission equipment, intelligent control module and information acquisition module. The sensors acquisition environment parameters are uploaded to the cloud server, fuzzy PID control is performed on the cloud server, and the control parameters are delivered to the intelligent control module for reasonable and effective environmental regulation, such as the temperature and humidity of the pasture. Pasture administrators can check pasture status at any time for remote pasture management, and the pasture environment can be automatically and intelligently regulated. After simulation experiments, we prove that our system is effective.
UV Absorption Spectral Characteristics of Dissolved Organic Matter in Fen River of Taiyuan in China
Authors: Zhi Jianhui , Song Shengyu
Published: September 2018

UV absorption is one of the important properties of chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM). The UV absorption spectral characteristics of dissolved organic matter (DOM) were analyzed to infer the main components in Taiyuan urban section. Based on the UV absorption spectral characteristics of the CDOM, and relationship between DOC concentration and UV absorbance, conclusions were drawn: (1) Content of DOM in the treated section was at a low degree and constituent.The anthropogenic pollution accounted for a major role. (2)DOM constituents in Taiyuan section in May, July and November were relatively simple. The molecular structure of mainly CDOM was simple with mostly two or three species among the hydroxyl, carboxyl and phenyl. However, DOM constituent in September was more complicated, there were more non-fluorescent substances besides CDOM.
Research on Public Space Renewal Strategy of Small and Medium-sized Towns Based on Spatial Syntax--Taking Liulin Liaoyuan Square as an Example
Authors: Yingzheng Zhou , Qiang Xu
Published: September 2018

With the accelerating urbanization, the living standards of people in small towns are constantly improving. There are more or less problems in the public spaces that were used in the past, whether planned or spontaneously formed. Today, under government-led conditions, we have the ability to improve the spatial quality and life satisfaction of these public spaces. This paper takes Liulin Liaoyuan Square as an example, mainly for the transformation and renewal of such small and medium-sized public spaces. It compares the current situation with the simulation implementation plan, uses the spatial syntax including direct (non-participant) observation and spatial grammar analysis techniques to update the strategy and provide practical advice on practical problems.
Assessment of Geological Environment Carrying Capacity of Ankang Region Basin on the Improved Weighted Composite Index Method
Authors: Yaya Song , Hangbo Zhang , Youlin Wang
Published: September 2018

Considering the geological and regional feature of Ankang region, combining target analysis, feature, the assessment system of geological environment bearing capacity was established, and the weights assessment indexes were presented by Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). And weighted composite index method combined GIS spatial analysis with data attributes database management method were adopted to assess the geo-environment carrying capacity of Ankang region. Based on the evaluation results and analysis of each rate area, this paper provides the scientific basis for ecological civilization construction and sustainable development.
Study on the Law of Surface Cracks While Coal Mining in the Thin Bedrock and Thick Unconsolidated Layer of Yu-Shen-Fu Mining Area
Authors: Zuoqi Wu , Guoku Wang , Liqin Zhao
Published: September 2018

The law of surface cracks caused by coal mining in ther thin bedrock and thick unconsolidated layer was studied in Yu-Shen-Fu mining area. The crack development in the overlying strata of the coal mining face was detected by drilling survey technology, the whole process of the ground surface crack dynamic evolution was carried out by similar material simulation, and the law of surface cracks evolution was verified by on-site tracking measurement. The study reached the regulation of the overlying strata failure and dynamic evolution of surface cracks caused by coal mining under thin bedrock and thick unconsolidated layer in Yu-Shen-Fu mining area, which can provide theoretical support for the ecological restoration of western mining area.
Investigation of Wild Herbs Based on Three Different Communities
Authors: Luo Fang , Shao Fengluan , Liu Xinyu , Li Shengxiu , Liu Ye , Wang Xinyu
Published: September 2018

Based on field investigation and statistical analysis, the characteristics of wild herbs in different communities are discussed in this paper. The results showed that there were 32 species and 30 genera of 14 families in the wild herbs of the three communities. Cynanchum chinense R.Br. and Setaria viridis (L.) Beauv are the three community common herbs. Pterocypsela indica (L.) Shih and Cirsium setosum are common to the Cerasus sp. community and Malus micromalus communit. Polygonum, Chenopodium album and Pharbitis nil (Linn.) Choisy are common to the Malus micromalus community and Robinia pseudoacacia L.community.
Joint flood control operation of Upper Yangtze River based on dynamic weight of system safety degree
Authors: Li Zhenghe , Kang Ling , Zhou Liwei , Hu Jie
Published: September 2018

At flood season, reservoir can guarantee the power generation and other benefit only under the premise of ensuring its own safety and the safety of middle and lower reaches of river basin. For maximizing the comprehensive benefits of each reservoir's function, it is necessary to study the scientific operation strategy of single reservoir and reservoir groups. Joint flood control operation of reservoir groups can achieve the task of flood control to maximum extent and balance the water demands of each reservoir's function. Aimed at five controlling reservoirs in the upper Yangtze river, this paper put forward the static and dynamic weight calculation methods of the system safety degree, and developed a joint flood control operation model of reservoir groups with the goal of minimizing downstream flood volume and maximizing system safety degree of reservoir groups. We studied the flood control effect of two operation strategies, the static weight piecewise linear strategy and the dynamic weight piecewise linear strategy, on downstream flood control station under 100-year design flood condition in 1998. The results showed that the dynamic weight piecewise linear strategy can give full play to the role of each controlling reservoir in flood control operation at flood season.
Key Algorithms And Its Realization About Snowmelt Flood Disaster Model Based On Remote Sensing And GIS
Authors: Qiao Chen , Huang Quanyi , Chen Tao , Li Zhipeng
Published: September 2018

Based on the remote sensing and GIS techniques, the relationships of the variables influencing the snowmelt flood such as the snow area, the snow depth, the air temperature, the precipitation, the land topography and land covers are analyzed and a prediction and damage assessment model for snowmelt floods is developed. This model analyzes and predicts the flood submerging range, flood depth, flood grade, and the damages of different underlying surfaces in the study area in a given time period based on the estimation of snowmelt amount, the snowmelt runoff, the direction and velocity of the flood. Then it was used to predict a snowmelt flood event in the Ertis River Basin in northern Xinjiang, China, during March and June, 2017 and to assess its damages including the damages of roads, transmission lines, settlements caused by the floods and the possible landslides using the hydrological and meteorological data, snow parameter data, DEM data and land use data. A comparison was made between the prediction results from this model and flood measurement and its disaster loss data, which suggests that this model performs well in predicting the strength and impact area of snowmelt flood and its damage assessment.
ANALYSIS OF THE THERMOPHYSICAL PROPERTIES AND INFLUENCING FACTORS OF VARIOUS ROCK TYPES FROM THE GUIZHOU PROVINCE
Authors: Xiaoqing Song , Ming Jiang , Peiwen Xiong
Published: September 2018

A series of analyses have been carried out on a number of rock types from the Guizhou Province to investigate their thermophysical properties. A total of 433 samples from 14 types of rock were collected, tested and analyzed. It was found that in this province, the average thermal conductivity of the samples ranged between 1.516±0.264 and 5.066±0.521 W/(m·K), the average specific heat capacity varied from 0.272±0.042 to 0.603±0.096 kJ/(kg·°C), and the average thermal diffusion coefficients were from 0.752±0.331 to 2.854±0.368 MJ/(m3·K). The older rocks always had higher thermal conductivity and thermal diffusion. Thermal conductivity and thermal diffusion of rocks are positively correlated with the mineral content of high thermal conductivity species, but the situation for the specific heat capacity is the opposite. With increasing mineral particle size, the thermal conductivity and thermal diffusion coefficient also increase, but the relationship with specific heat capacity is not obvious. The thermal conductivity and thermal diffusion coefficient of rocks increases under water saturated conditions compared to dry conditions, but the specific heat capacity decreases.
Experimental Study on Rock Mechanics Parameters-A Case of the Sand Conglomerate Reservoir in M2 Well Area
Authors: Shanzhi Shi , Chaoneng Zhao , Hai Liu , Kun Ding , Jie Li , Jin Chen , Ning Chen , Junxiu Ma , Pengju Song
Published: September 2018

This paper presents the acoustic characteristics tested on 20 groups of cores (20 vertical samples and 60 horizontal samples) from the sand conglomerate reservoir in Baikouquan and lower Wuerhe Formation (two wells in the M2 well area). The average values of dynamic modulus of elasticity and Poisson's ratio of rocks from Baikouquan Formation are 32.1 GPa and 0.2055 respectively, and those of lower Wuerhe Formation are 28.4 GPa and 0.2425 respectively. The three axis rock mechanics test device is used to test the stress-strain curves of the corresponding rock samples. The sand-conglomerate samples in this area generally have good brittleness characteristics; the static modulus of elasticity and Poisson's ratio of the corresponding rock samples are 13.7GPa and 0.2858 respectively, and those of rocks from lower Wuerhe Formation are 14.9GPa and 0.2565, respectively. In general, there is a good correlation between P&S wave velocity, and poor correlation in the dynamic and static mechanical parameters.
Game Analysis on the Government’s Economic Subsidy in Regional Environmental Protection
Authors: Wang Yan , Tao Yujie
Published: September 2018

From the perspective of game theory, this paper analyzed the promotion effect of government subsidy policy on environmental governance. Three main results were obtained as follows. 1. A positive effect is achieved when the government increases the amount of penalties imposed on companies and uses fines as a reward subsidy to environmental companies. Such policy can not only improve the probability of pollution control by enterprises, but also enable the government to reduce the regulatory costs in environmental issues. 2. When government departments choose small enterprises for environmental protection subsidies, they can not only greatly increase the probability of pollution control by enterprises, but also increase the complexity of government supervision. 3. The government needs to strengthen supervision to maintain the high probability of pollution control by enterprises.
Study on selecting of prefabricated plant site basing on BP neural network
Authors: Gang Yao , Yang Yang , Xin Shen , Jun Li
Published: September 2018

In this paper, the evaluation and prediction model of prefabricated plant site was established by BP neural network, which taking nine factors into consideration, such as location, topography, land scale, transportation facilities, availability of raw materials and labour. These nine factors were taken as input factors, and the normalized global value was taken as output factor. The normalized global value was used to evaluate the performance of prefabricated plant site. In addition, the model was verified to be accurate by analysing twelve prefabricated plant site samples. Therefore, it is obvious that the model is stable in operation with high precision, and can provide effective support in the selection of prefabricated plant site.
Improving Food safety in Supply Chain based on Big Data
Authors: Liu Gang , Li Guang , Yang Rui , Guo Li
Published: September 2018

With the rapid development of big data collection and analysis, these tools are increasingly applied to food safety and quality. Big data can play an important role in improving food safety management. This paper will deeply analyze the food safety risk warning system based on big data management. The research results show that the food safety management system based on big data includes data source, data collection and storage, data analysis and application of analysis results.
Research on Cultural Heritage and Expression of Characteristic Towns Planning and Design
Authors: Li Li , Cui Xiao
Published: September 2018

Culture is the soul of characteristic towns, which determines the charm of the towns. The article analyzes the connotation of characteristic towns and discusses the expression and inheritance ways of culture in characteristic towns planning and design. In the process of planning and design, with the combination of viewing activities and tourism activities, the combination of culture and the Internet, digital information and intelligent green, the combination of cultural symbols and garden landscapes such as landscapes, plants, buildings, garden accessories, road paving, the article penetrates the culture into the planning field of the characteristic towns.
A novel nano zero-valent iron@chitosan for effective removal of Microcystin-LR: Kinetics and adsorption mechanism
Authors: Yang Xiaofan , Wei Xueyu , Xu Xiaoping , Liu Zhigang
Published: September 2018

Microcystin-LR (MC-LR) is one of the most notorious toxins liberated from cyanobacteria in drinking water sources. In this study, a skillful method access to new nanozero-valent iron @chitosan (nZVIMC) was synthesized by a facile one step method. The as-prepared nZVIMC was employed as an adsorbent for the effective removal MC-LR from aqueous solution. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) demonstrates that nZVIMC is in quasi-spherical shape with size of around 50 nm, effect of variable parameters such as pH, contact time, initial concentration of MC-LR and adsorption properties of nZVIMC on MC-LR was further investigated. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) reveals that the particles are nearly spherical in shape with agglomeration. The results indicated that good adsorption performance was achieved at an initial pH of 5. The adsorption kinetics of nZVIMC was better fitted by pseudo-secondorder kinetics. The adsorption isotherm data was fitted well to Langmuir isotherm and then to Freundlich model, with an adsorption capacity of 68.9 mg/g at 300K. Thus, we believe that nZVIMC can be used as a low cost material for efficient removal of MC-LR from water.
Research on the national standard of the minimum allowable values of energy efficiency and energy efficiency grades for key sewage treatment equipment
Authors: Jin Huang , Yueping Wang , Xinheng Zhang , Bin Chen , Ming Shi , Jianjun Ling , Wensheng Wang , Qijun Wang , Xiaoxin Zhang , Ling Lin
Published: September 2018

This paper expounds the background and significance of the national standard of the development on the minimum allowable values of energy efficiency and energy efficiency grades for submersible pushing-flow agitator and rotary aerator in wastewater treatment, and introduces the general principle of the standard, the determination of the minimum allowable values of energy efficiency, the division of the energy efficiency grades for them, as well as the testing and calculation methods. It hopes to eliminate the production of the high energy consumption sewage treatment equipment, and enhance their level of the energy efficiency effectively through development and implementation of the national standard.
Multi agent risk sharing optimization of PPP project in urban garbage disposal -- Based on utility function considering of risk preference
Authors: Liu Qin , Yang Qing
Published: September 2018

PPP mode is widely used in urban garbage disposal projects. The key to success is to allocate PPP project risk reasonably and effectively. The paper firstly constructs a PPP project operation system of urban garbage disposal, and then the risk identification and the main sharing agents are analyzed. On the basis of the utility theory, the risk preference of each agent is considered, and the profit and cost efficiency function of the three agents, including investor, the government and the financial institutions is established. Finally, the function model is applied by a case of urban garbage disposal PPP project. The result shows that the proportion of risk sharing is related to the risk preference of each agent, and the optimal risk sharing proportion may make the overall utility of the project optimal.
Optimization of Inter-industry Carbon Emission Transfer Structure Based on Decoupling Effects: an empirical analysis from Chinese industry
Authors: Sun Licheng , Jiang Lingling , Zhao Biying
Published: September 2018

This paper utilizes 27 Chinese industry sectors as study objects, and measures the decoupling effects of the industrial carbon emission transfer; furthermore, this paper proposes several optimizing strategies for an inter-industry carbon emission transfer structure toward the realization of dual goals, i.e., industrial economic development and industrial carbon emission reduction. The research result shows that: Different industries show different decoupling effects of carbon emission transfer, and the distribution of the six states of decoupling effects could all be observed. With respect to dynamic variations, the decoupling effects of industrial carbon emission transfer were optimal during the late stage, and the decoupling effects during 2010-2012 were the most optimal. With respect to the optimizing strategies for the inter-industry carbon emission transfer, efforts should be focused on increasing the carbon emission exports, while reducing the carbon emission imports of 11 industries (CMWI and others). Future efforts should be directed at increasing carbon emission imports and reducing carbon emission exports in the three industries of CLII, PPSM, and MPI, while increasing both carbon emission exports and imports in 10 industries (FMTP and others), and reducing both carbon emission imports and exports in the three industries of MMII, OMW, and WRT.
Experimental Study on Improvement of Marine Soft Soil with Alkali Residue
Authors: Yong SHAO , Xiao-li LIU , Jin-jun ZHU
Published: September 2018

Industrial alkali slag is the discharge waste in the process of alkali production. About one million tons of alkali slag is discharged in China in one year. It is a burden on the environment, whether it is directly stacked or discharged into the sea. If we can realize the use of resources, it is a multi-pronged move, so alkali slag is used to improve solidified marine soft soil in this paper. The test results show that the alkali residue can effectively improve the engineering properties of marine soft soil. Among them, the unconfined compressive strength and compressive modulus are increased by about 10 times, and the void ratio and plasticity index can all reach the level of general clay. It shows that alkali slag has the potential to improve marine soft soil and can be popularized in engineering.
The PHO pathway involved in phosphate metabolism in Yeast for efficient phosphorus removal
Authors: Hu Mengfei , Qiu Liping , Wang Yan
Published: September 2018

Phosphorus is one of the essential elements needed for the growth and reproduction of any organism. To improve the efficiency of biological phosphorus removal in sewage, it is very important to grasp the precise mechanism of biological phosphorus removal. Yeast is a single cell fungus and has a unique advantage in sewage treatment. Recent studies in the different types of yeast have revealed that there is a phosphate-responsive signal transduction (PHO) pathway to regulate phosphate-responsive genes for controlling phosphate absorption. In this review, the metabolic mechanisms and protein-protein interactions associated with the PHO pathway are highlighted firstly, and then several examples about improving the phosphorus removal efficiency of sewage by inducing gene mutation in yeast phosphorus metabolism was introduced. The aim is to provide new ideas for the realization of high-efficiency phosphorus recovery in nature.
Discussion on evaluation and improvement technology of sewage biodegradability
Authors: Qiu Qi , Wang Yue , Qiu Li ping
Published: September 2018

The lack of water resource and the increasing water pollution have become bottleneck which restricted social progress and economic development. The amount of municipal sewage is large and the pollution is relatively light, so it has a significant potential for recovery and recycle from municipal wastewater. As the most widely used of wastewater denitrification technology in the current water treatment industry, biological denitrification efficiency has been shackled by the lack of inflow carbon source and low C/N ratio. To solve the issue of insufficient carbon source and low nitrogen removal efficiency of traditional biological denitrification technology，the paper summarized the concept, evaluation methodology and significance of biodegradability, several typical techniques for elevating biodegradability also have been mentioned. It will provide reference for process selection in improving the biodegradability of wastewater through analyzing their advantages and disadvantages in the application process.
Research on System Optimizing of AAO-BAF Wastewater Treatment Process
Authors: Zhang Shoubin , Sun Wei , Jiao Wenhai , Qiu Liping , Zhong Jingxiu , Li Yuze
Published: September 2018

To meet the more strict discharging standard, some combined processes have emerged to realize denitrification and phosphorus removal of wastewater more efficiently. Among them, AAO-BAF combined process was an efficient one. The AAO-BAF system was composed of AAO reactor and BAF. The AAO process was the main unit to complete phosphorus removal and denitrification. The BAF process, external nitrification unit, was mainly used to provide enough electron acceptor for denitrifying bacteria in AAO reactor, which could enhance the efficiency of denitrification of the whole system. So the system optimizing was essential to AAO-BAF combined process. In this paper, the research progress of AAO-BAF wastewater treatment system was summarized and some system optimizing methods were raised too.
Decomposition Analysis on Influence Factors of Direct Household Energy-related Carbon Emission in Guangdong Province-Based on Extended Kaya Identity
Authors: Wang Wenxiu , Zhao Daiqing , Wang Wenjun
Published: September 2018

The decomposition quantitative model of household energy-related carbon emission in Guangdong is established based on the extended Kaya identity with the Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index (LMDI) method. Influence factors of household energy-related carbon emission are decomposed into five factors. Main results show that total household energy-related carbon emissions in Guangdong province show increase trend from 1995 to 2016. Electric power consumption is the biggest source of household energy-related carbon emission. The results of decomposition show that population size is the first promote factor to household energy-related carbon emission in 1996-2004. Energy use level become the first promote factor in 2005-2016. Carbon emission coefficient show reduction effect, which is the first inhibit factor to energy-related carbon emission. Finally, two effective means to reduce household carbon emissions are given to Guangdong province.
Combined Removal Of NOx And SO2 From Flue Gas At Low Temperature
Authors: Xue Zhipeng , Chen Hao , Zhao Minmin
Published: September 2018

A method was proposed to remove NOx and SO2 in flue gas by using the sulfinyl functional group as a catalyst. Ozone is introduced into the flue gas to oxidize NO. Soluble NO2 and SO2 reacted with ammonia to form ammonium sulfate and ammonium nitrate, which were the raw material of the compound fertilizer. A small pilot is built in a container that can be easily transported to power plant and extracts the actual flue gas directly from the gas duct. In order to obtain the best the SO2 and NOX removal efficiency in this experiment, many parameters were changed. Such as flue gas flow, ozone / NOX ratio, liquid-gas ratio, flue gas temperature, catalyst type, catalyst concentration, solution pH value. Results indicated that SO2 was cleaned up quite efficiently and the removal efficiency was nearly 99% under all conditions. the best NOX removal efficiency can reach 88%. The NOX removal efficiency depended primarily on ozone / NOX ratio, and the temperature of flue gas also had influence on the NOX removal efficiency. The optimum pH range is 5.6-6.3. After inspection by authoritative institutions, the quality of fertilizers is superior to national standards.
Environmental Issues and Challenges of Chinese Abandoned Oil Pipelines
Authors: Wang Hongtao , Yang Fajie , Li Rongguang
Published: September 2018

China energy pipeline industry commonly faced with aging and abandonment problem. The research on pipeline abandonment was still in preliminary state, because there are no pipeline abandonment standards and guidelines. The foreign developed countries formulated pipeline abandonment standards, advanced experience and technology of residual cleaning and the crossing section grouting. But it not totally suitable for china because of difference between china and foreign country, such as the pipeline residual has a very high paraffin and resin-asphaltenes content. It is very hard to remove. So china pipeline company faced with many environmental issues and challenges in the pipeline abandonment. Study on abandonment of pipeline was conducted by pipeline company of Petrochina from 2013. A case of Petrochina abandonment pipeline was introduced in the paper, and it showed good effect. Some experience and technology of chemical cleaning were formulated from previous study and several pipeline abandonment projects. The first China industry standard on abandoned pipeline is applying for by pipeline company of Petrochina. This standard will assist pipeline company make pipeline abandonment plan to ensure public safety and environment protection.
Governance of the Rural “Scattered and Polluted” Enterprises in Tianjin
Authors: Kong Tiantian , Wang Zheng , Yang Han
Published: September 2018

With the rapid development of China's economy and the continuous increase in economic volume, pollution hasn’t been limited to cities. The rural “scattered and polluted” enterprises, as the main source of pollution in the rural environment, affect the rural ecological environment and restrict the green and healthy development of the rural economy. Since April 2017, the Tianjin Municipal Government has issued a series of documents on the governance of “scattered and polluted” enterprises in rural areas, which has adopted targeted countermeasures and achieved obvious results, but there are also some problems. How to scientifically and effectively govern the rural “scattered and polluted” enterprises needs continuous exploration, summary and improvement.