bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Concept of Freedom in the Philosophy of Fichte
Authors: Hoxha Ermela
Published: July 2017

The concept of freedom is the central theme of all philosophy of Fichte. The study aims to determine the meaning of the concept of freedom by Johann Gottlieb Fichte. His fundamental philosophical problematic characterizes as "analysis of the notion of freedom". The methodology of this paper supported in a systematic review of the literature, description, comparison of different concepts and philosophical notions of the nineteenth century on freedom that coming as a result of different research as writings, works and articles. The main issues of the study relates to analysis of the subject as a creative activity, report subject to freedom and concept of freedom as a self-development. Problem that appears has to do with the subject which should be a self conscious that to create his freedom. The whole philosophy of Fichte relates to three main issues: the subject, the activity and freedom. His philosophy is defined as a philosophy of practice and freedom. The basic motive of subjective idealism is search of freedom according to which freedom is a field of opportunities that are offered to us in the world. The meaning of freedom is the form of expression that will, of individual action as something natural. Freedom is not absolute and an empirical given, but it should be a creativity. Real freedom is it that rational subject creates itself.
Exploring the Use of Information and Communication Technology in Advancing the Goals of Education for all among Adults in Nigeria
Authors: Agem ORIM BRIAN
Published: July 2017

Education is a right. Like the right to have proper food or a roof over your head. It is not only a right but a passport to human development. The ideas of Education for all is to expand early childhood care and education, provide free and compulsory primary education for all, promote learning and life skills for young people and adults, increase adult literacy, achieve gender parity and improve the quality of education. The paper sets to explore the use of information and communication technology in advancing the goals of education for all (stated above) among adults in Nigeria. Areas such as information and communication technology and distance learning, education for all; the place of adult education and information and communication technology and the attainment of education for all initiative will be examined.
Digital Revolution: Europe at the Lead of New Technologies
Authors: Irimie Rada Cristina
Published: July 2017

The pace and scope of changing technologies are constantly challenging social structures and the need for dexterous policy framework is becoming more and more indispensable. While technological evolution and market forces have driven the information and communication revolution, the European Union has played a significant role in creating an effective framework for the maintenance and development of this progress. In order to regulate the market and keep pace with the ICT (Information and Communications Technology) environment, the EU has introduced rules that ensure fair access to all EU citizens and stimulate competition for companies. The Body of European Regulators for Electronic Communications (BEREC) serves entirely this function, becoming a pan-European regulatory agency. Aside the regulatory role, EU's economic growth strategy involves a great number of policies and measures to capitalize on digital revolution. The Digital Agenda for Europe (DAE) targets not only on citizens, but businesses of Europe as well, to benefit from the technological revolution. The former and the new goals of the renewed agenda raise the bar of smart, sustainable and inclusive growth. Finally, to ensure the maximization of use of information technologies, EU has supported the expansion of e-business and online public services. E-government services have facilitated interaction between government, citizens and businesses, while it simplified all facets of operations of governmental organisations. This article is looking at EU's role in digital environments, examining the three initiatives as platforms of technological evolution in Europe. The three case studies used, the BEREC, DAE and e-Government initiatives, will provide an analysis of the services with a prospective evaluation of the technological strategies involved, while the qualitative and quantitative data in each case will help us analyse the quota and draw conclusions on the functionality and effectiveness of the services. We expect to evaluate the levels of digital growth and online adaptation of the Union and/or the need for further expansion. The study is discussing EU's technological competiveness and the analysis targets the policy initiatives taken towards this direction, while it provides multipolar, but useful information for EU citizens and businesses.
The Unemployment of Today and Tomorrow in Romania
Authors: Garlan Mictat
Published: July 2017

For any political regime the employment and unemployment of active population represents the most pressing social and economic obligation. in Romania, any comparative study before and after 1990, on 2 x 2 decades of different economic policies, can observe the damaging effects which they had forced privatization of state enterprises on the labor market, with over 1,000,000 declared unemployed in 1999, compared to zero unemployed in 1989. After this disaster, and after a short economic rehabilitation, it followed another crisis, with a further increase in unemployment of ANOFM, from 445,000 persons in 2009 to 626,960 persons in 2010 to 740,000 in 2011 of 674,000 in November 2012 , 512 333 persons in December 2013 to 724,000 persons in March 2014. These data indicate that in Romania the crisis is not over yet. in parallel to these developments there have been published the analyzes of the National Commission for Prognosis, but with some significant deviations in two directions. On the one hand, the calculations are made on the formula BIM records, and on the other hand, they are in the direction of a lower estimates. So, in the estimates of performed forecasts for the years 2014 -2017, with trend analysis and analysis of previous years, the total number of unemployed in 2011 was to be of 730 200 persons. in 2012 the total number of unemployed was to be of 701,200 persons, in 2013 of 726,000 persons, of 705,000 persons in 2014, of 690,000 in 2015 and of 685,000 in 2016. Without contesting the effort to accuracy of this Commission and the fact that any forecast includes a dose of risk too, there are obviously immeasurable variables that were not taken into account. We refer to the quality of business environment, revenues polarization, with decreasing trends in wages, to labor migration especially medium and high qualified. We refer to the existing difficulties in the allocation of development credits, to the corruption of officials from the local councils the excess of electoral concerns of governments, with the necessity of different approaches for each of them. With this supplement of fren factors we can say that on prospective 2 years, the registered unemployment from National Institute of Statistics, will not fall below 740.000 persons. To these things, it must be added the volume of more than twice unregistered persons, which means a total of approx. two million persons, this being the actual estimation of the non-employed population, to which has reached in Romania today.
The Role of Music in the Shadow Play "Hacivat and Karagöz"
Authors: Helvacı Ayhan
Published: July 2017

The shadow play Hacivat and Karagöz has become an important part of the Traditional Turkish Theatre continuing for centuries. The existing shadow play which still preserves its popularity has become a significant entertainment tool for people. According to the local features of the performed characters and the content of the topic, this art type carried out by reflecting on a screen specially designed puppets from behind a lightened curtain and by playing with the voice of the performer has various music types and its instruments, especially Turkish folk music and Turkish classical music. in this study, within the play, the role of the music which is thought to form an important part of the shadow play was researched and the music and instruments used were analysed. The effect and role of the music within the play was particularly tried to be put forward.
U.S. Empire: Divergent Views
Authors: TOMJA Alida , BORAKAJ Daniel
Published: July 2017

The restructuring of the international order at the end of the Cold War created a unipolar system with the United States at the top, but at the same time, restored the language of empire and their categorization as an imperial power. Moreover, the foreign policy pursued by George W. Bush administration after September 11, 2001, prompted many researchers to describe the US role in the world as inseparable from this term. The debate is widely increased in recent years and the dilemma is whether to refer them as imperial or hegemonic power of this system. If it’s hegemonic nature would be purely obvious, then how can be explained that many researchers do not hesitate to define America as empire, especially after September 11, 2001? Based on the literature that deals with the US imperial character, this paper aims to answer the above questions, and to highlight that United States, do not possess anything as an imperial power beyond their Republican core.
Frustacionit and Crime in Contemporary Society - Case Study the Western Balkan
Authors: Qollkaj Fatmir
Published: July 2017

When we talk about society, in particular in terms of developing its sociological us always remains good impression when talking to a healthy society and developed, however long history of social development gives us to understand that the development of society is also followed by numerous pathological phenomenon, deviant and criminal. This phenomenon, as the development of regression contradictions are development testified as a driving force of society, not just the dialectical point of view worldly but also from the standpoint of Merton Dyrkemit of other thinkers of the twentieth century. Criminality as a result of the promoters, different forces the drive has been the phenomenon of early and ongoing follow-up of human society, caused in most of the time the frustrations such as individual and collective. Starting from the individual, then the family, group and to greater social organization, frustrations are manifest modalities of development as controversial complex, multidimensional social. Changes occurring in contemporary society in the late twentieth century terms as in terms development economic, technical and technological followed with profound changes in the political, legal and cultural.These changes greatly influenced the lives of states social training, companies involved in this global development where ragging result of increased individual and collective result of which is also the growing crime in intensity and modalities manifest.
A Study of the Effects of Total Quality Management on Occupational Safety Regulations
Authors: Aksoy Selman , Kahraman Mehmet
Published: July 2017

The aim of this study is to determine the role of total quality management (TQM) in controlling occupational health and safety operations which is highly significant to enterprises. Data has been obtained by survey technique which is one of the initial collection techniques. A questionnaire with 34 questions used by Güngör (2008) earlier has been conducted. Data has been attained from the employees’ answers to the questions of the survey who work at two different machine-manufacturing enterprises. Enterprises have been chosen intentionally from those that one of them applies TQM and the other doesn’t. Data was analyzed by SPSS-20 software. At the end of the research, it has been revealed that the enterprise which implements TQM, has more regulations about occupational safety than the other enterprise which doesn’t implement TQM. In conclusion, it has been detected that the TQM applications have a positive effect on occupational safety regulations.
Commonalities and differences of tax systems in West Balkan countries Comparative analysis
Authors: Balliu Teuta , Llozana Aida Gaçe
Published: July 2017

Countries of former Yugoslavia and Albania are considered as countries with many common problems as well as changes, which in this context are regarded as insignificant. On their way towards development, these countries are characterized by common problem, among which the most sensitive have been and still remain, unemployment, increasingly compressed public administration, unjustified optimism when planning the budget, mismanagement of public finances and poor fiscal discipline which mostly depends on being or not an election year. In these countries we notice the lack of harmony between economic and fiscal policies and the real needs of the economy. This is seen as other major common ofWest Balkan countries. This similiarity of problems narrows the possibility of competition associated to the foreign investment absorbing capacity. But, which is the moacroeconomic picture in the countries of West Balkan? What are their tax systems? How much are the foreign direct investments? Does the tax system serve as a promoter for these invvestments? This paper represents a comparative analysis of the fiscal systems in the countries of this region. The subject of this paper is the protection with arguments of the economic and fiscal policy which are built for the economic development of a country. This because we are given that there are two types of experiences related to tax system, one of which handles taxes as instruments for revenue collection and the other as a promoter factor for economic development.
Energy Security in Balkan and Main Actors in the Energetic Sector in the Region
Authors: Morina Fatri
Published: July 2017

Energy security is one of the main factors that determine the contemporary international relations. Energy is crucial for the development of any society; therefore it occupies an important place in the hierarchy of political and economic agendas of the various governments. Nowadays energy sources are exhausting and the global demand and energy consumption is extremely growing. Such a situation leads right to what is known as ‘energy hunger’, a problem which affects every country, regardless its position. This is affecting both those who consume energy as well as countries which export energy or even transit countries where this energy passes through. Balkan region cannot bail out to such a situation where its geostrategic position and role or influence of Russia in the energetic sector in this region is determinant of the current situation. These factors also shape their future. he purpose of this paper is to provide an analytical approach on energy security in the Balkan region, identifying and analysing the role of Russia on this regard. Despite the importance of energy security, in contemporary literature there lacks a definition accepted by all actors on this definition. For this reason, in the field of energy security approach there are selected two operational concepts, ‘energy dependence’ and ‘diversification of energy sources’ which help in analysing the energy situation in the Balkan region, always taking into account Russia's role in the energy in this region. Data on economic and energy indicators, which refer to 2011 - 2012, have as their primary source the World Bank and the International Energy Agency.
Spiritualism in Raymond Carver’s Work
Authors: Kita Viola
Published: July 2017

Raymond Carver’s work provides the opportunity for a spiritual reading. The article that offers the greatest insight into spirituality is William Stull’s “Beyond Hopelessville: Another Side of Raymond Carver.” In it we can notice the darkness which is dominant in Carver’s early works with the optimism that is an essential part of Carver’s work “Cathedral”. A careful reading of “A Small Good Thing” and “The Bath” can give the idea that they are based on the allegory of spiritual rebirth which can be interpreted as a “symbol of Resurrection”. Despite Stull’s insisting in Carver’s stories allusions based on the Bible, it cannot be proved that the writer has made use of Christian imagery. Therefore, it can be concluded that spirituality in Carver’s work is one of the most confusing topics so far in the literary world because on one hand literary critics find a lot of biblical elements and on the other hand Carver himself refuses to be analyzed as a Christian writer.
Hidden Consequences of Migration and Remittances in Albania
Authors: Kalaj Ermira H.
Published: July 2017

Using household survey data for Albania, the paper investigates the effect of remittances on health capital accumulation. Total expenditure is divided into two categories: expenditure on medicines and expenditure on visits and laboratory services. The estimation is presented for two separate sub groups, rural and urban area. In the paper both instrumental variable and propensity score matching are used to give answer to the research question about the impact of remittances in the health capital investment. The findings indicate that households increase their expenditure for medicines and other health services in the presence of remittance income. The positive relationship is statistically significant in the case of remittance receiving households living in the rural area. The magnitude is lower in the case of total expenditure for visits and laboratory. However, total expenditure for visits and laboratory are likely to have significant impact on the health outcome given their prevention nature. These findings show that remittance flows pay a heterogeneous role in the decision making process of remittance-receiving household members. However, these non-labor income flows may play an important role in supporting expenditures, especially for those living in rural areas.
Enterprises Dealing with Corruption: A Microeconomic Analysis
Authors: Kalaj Ermira Hoxha
Published: July 2017

This study focuses on survey data and qualitative evidence from Albanian manufacturing firms to examine the scale and consequences of corruption and bribery at the enterprise level. It analyses the costs and benefits from the entrepreneur’s perspective. The set of covariates includes information about; use of external finance, policy influence, experience of corruption, firms size and ownership structure. To control for differences in the availability of collateral, the proportion of the fixed assets is included. The models used in the paper are probit where the dependent variable is binary and ordered probit where the dependent variable is categorical and orderable. Empirical results show that manufacturing firms operating in an environment in which tax evasion is more prevalent are more likely to suffer demands for bribes from corrupt officials. The regression analysis shows that tax evasion is a matter of degree and that is not limited to small and medium-sized enterprises. Even quite large firms acknowledge concealing part of their sales from tax authorities. Enterprises that are evading taxes are less likely to obtain an external audit. In addition, the data predict that corruption and tax evasion is more likely to occur when the principal owner is male rather than female. Moreover, findings show that the main effect of the separation of ownership on the likelihood of bribery is insignificant.
The Importance of Dialogue and Tolerance in a Plural Society
Authors: Bakrac Vladimir
Published: July 2017

This paper is focused on two very important factors when discussing religious pluralism. At first, we would like to remind you than one should distinguish the terms plurality and pluralism and emphasize the importance and significance of dialogue and tolerance in multiconfessional and multicultural societies, therefore in societies with developed religious pluralism, among which Montenegrin society does not fall behind. We start from the belief that it is difficult to speak about religious pluralism in the societies that have no tradition of dialogue and tolerance towards other religions. The paper is intended to be a modest contribution to dialogue and tolerance in the modern world where religion and religious ideas have a very important role. In such a social context, we should not forget that dialogue is the only way to discover the truth, beautiful personality, and a wise thought. Nowadays, dialogue and tolerance are requirements of the time because the world is divided in all possible ways, and yet we must live together and search for what unites us. Neither one social group, just because it is a group, can rely on a unique view of the world. Dialogue and tolerance are powerful barriers to the rule of unilateralism.
Annulment of Assembly Joint Stock Company Decisions - Theory, Legislation and Practice in the Republic of Kosovo
Authors: Ademaj Kemajl
Published: July 2017

The aim of this thesis is, treatment and give the response in question if the assembly of Joint Stock Company is obliged, to issue decisions in accordance with public moral, legal order, law and entrance regulation of Joint Stock Company. To give response in such questions, will be treated general theory aspects regarding notion of invalid decisions and causes that makes such decision invalid. Will be treated effects of invalidity or invalidation of decisions. We will try to found if is existed in the right of JSC in Republic of Kosovo, a solid theory, legal and practical base, initially for classification and than for annulment of assembly JSC decisions of the invalid character. We will try to show which are the basis from which in the judicial system continental and Anglo-Saxon states, are flow obligations to announce as invalid decisions of assembly of JSC. Will shows the consequences of invalid announcement of assembly of JSC decisions and especially will be treated claim for annulment of mentioned decisions and procedure for annulment of decisions. Will be clarified especially actual legislation in the Republic of Kosovo, which treat emphasized problematic and court procedure for annulment of mentioned decisions.At the end of thesis, will be given conclusions from findings from treatment and recommendation for actions in the future.
The Albanian-Greek Relations Following the Sea Border Issue
Authors: Ndoj Dorina
Published: July 2017

The paper seeks to explore the Albanian-Greek relations following the sea border dispute analyzing Albanian political elite’s discourse. Throughout the history various and complex issues have determined the relations between Greece and Albania, which sometimes have caused tension and disputes between them. The two countries have been on a dispute on the sea border issue because the Albanian Constitutional Court nullified the 2009 mutual agreement signed by previous Albanian and Greek governments due to territorial integrity violations. More than five years later the two countries have not settled the maritime borders yet. This study concentrates on depicting the relations between two countries after this episode happened. It question: how this issue affected the relations among two countries? The main claim of this article is that a new issue of concern is detected in the bilateral relations, such as exclusive economic zones issue. The exploration of economic exploitation zones in the Ionian Sea urges for the delimitation of maritime borders between two countries, and therefore the renegotiation of “sea agreement” is inevitable in near future. Methodology used to conduct the analysis is discourse analysis.
Relationship between Physical Bullying and Age in Albanian Teenagers
Authors: Gusho Leticja PAPA
Published: July 2017

Each year millions of children and teenagers experience the humiliation and devastating effects of bullying. According to different studies bullying begins in preschool years, peeks in early adolescence, and continues, but with less frequency, into the high school years. The main aim of this paper is to examine the relationship between physical bullying and age in Albanian teenagers. The participants in this study were 400 students of senior year from High Schools of Tirana, Shkodra, Elbasan, Durrës and Korça. The approach for this study was quantitative and statistical analyses for this research were performed using the SPSS program. For gathering the data the retrospective bullying questionnaire was used. For this article only closed-ended questions are considered. The relationship between the perceptions of senior students about physical bullying and their age was revealed using Spearman’s rho coefficient correlation. In conclusion, from the statistical analysis it was revealed that there is a strong negative correlation between the physical bullying and age, rs =.-865, n = 400, p = .000; p .0005, that indicates that growth in age strongly correlates with the decrease of physical bullying.
Public Service Motivation among Indonesian Employees: a Critical Review Toward the Psm Theory
Authors: Syamsir Syamsir
Published: July 2017

Public Service Motivation (PSM) is still a new concept in public administration theory. As a nascent theory, it needs to be proved with any contexts and cases of many countries around the world, especially developing countries that might have different contexts related to cultures, beliefs, views on the importance of financial rewards, etc. So far, most PSM research focuses more on comparisons between public and private employees in the Western and developed countries. There is almost no study about the PSM in developing countries. In addition, most of PSM theories tended to generalize the assumptions of the PSM among employees and often ignore cultural dimensions in their analysis. There is an impression that PSM theories are cross-culturally viable. This study examined the application of the PSM theories in Indonesia as a developing country, especially in Padang West Sumatera. Rational choice theories and the other PSM theories had been used in analyzing the finding of this study. Using t-test on responses by 417 respondents of public and 201 of private sector employees, this study tested the difference of PSM levels between the two sector employees. The findings of this study indicated that there is a significant difference in the level of PSM between public and private sector employees in Padang West Sumatera. The level of PSM of public employees tends to be lower than that of private sector. The results of this study imply that PSM theory is not cross-culturally viable.
Belgrade Pride Parade 2014.: Tabloidization and Parody of the Process of EU Integration
Authors: Ilic Tatjana Rosic
Published: July 2017

Print Serbian media presented Belgrade Pride Parade 2014 in an ambivalent way - as a successful state project, on the one hand, and as a threat to the national security, on the other. Contradictory media discourse related to the promotion of human rights favored the tabloidization of almost all contents related to the Belgrade Pride Parade 2014.In this way in the focus of tabloidization was put wider cultural and social contexts including issues such as the process of EU integration, the effort of redefining national identity in the context of EU, and, finally, the very role of the LGBT community in organization of Belgrade Pride Parade. Tabloidization of the issue of EU integration was achieved mostly through indirect reporting on Belgrade Pride Parade by the combination of the articles which - in the same issue and often within the same section - reported on the Pride mutually quite contradictory for the audience, in sensationalist and confusing ways. The result of such reporting is, quite unexpectedly, the strategy of constant parody of topics which are declaratory considered to be policy priorities of Republic of Serbia while in the Serbian cultural and media practices are called into question and ridiculed. This kind of parody is based on a hidden affirmation of (in) equality and discrimination, as well as on the violation of journalistic ethics codes. The aim of the paper is to analyze – in the case of reporting on Belgrade Pride Parade 2014 - the narrative forms and the communication effects of this populist-based media parody, as well as to deconstructs its ideological reception and consequences.
Self-Efficacy Impact on Students Academic Performance
Authors: Osmanaga Fatbardha
Published: July 2017

In this paper it is treated the self-efficacy topic. Self-efficacy is important for the people. It is, also, important for the students. Self-efficacy has great impact on students motivation, on their academic performance, on their expectations. The paper aims to measure self-efficacy of students of Psychology branch of the Faculty of Educational Sciences,Department of Psychology and Social Work, University "Luigj Gurakuqi", Shkodër, Albania, Bachelor degree. The paper aims, also, to analyze opinions of these students about the self-efficacy in general and about their self-efficacy. The research questions are: 1. What is the self-efficacy of students of Psychology branch of the Faculty of Educational Sciences, Department of Psychology and Social Work, University "Luigj Gurakuqi", Shkodër, Albania, Bachelor degree? 2. What are the opinions of these students about the self- efficacy in general? 3. What are the opinions of these students about their self-efficacy? This study made use of the technique of questionaire. The measuring instrument is the General Self Efficacy Scale (GSE) (R.Schwarzer, M. Jerusalem (1995)). The GSE is a 10-item scale with a score for each question ranging from 1 to 4. Higher scores indicate stronger student’s belief in self-efficacy. It is used, also, the the interview technique in order to understand the opinions of students of Psychology branch of the Faculty of Educational Sciences, Department of Psychology and Social Work, University "Luigj Gurakuqi", Shkodër, Albania, Bachelor degree, about the self- efficacy in general and about their self-efficacy. The data collected from the questionnaire was analyzed by means of the SPSS program, variant 20. There are given the appropriate conclusions and suggestions about self-efficacy of students of Psychology branch of the Faculty of Educational Sciences, Department of Psychology and Social Work, University "Luigj Gurakuqi", Shkodër, Albania, Bachelor degree.
Self-Esteem and Loneliness as Predicting Factors of Arab Children Achievement İn Kuala Lumpur
Authors: Alhoot Asma'a Abdel Fattah , Abdallah Ssekamanya Sıraje
Published: July 2017

Taking into consideration the fact that self-esteem and loneliness have an even more important role to play in students' learning, this study seeks to examine the correlation of these two factors with children academic performance. The study involved 499 (grade 4 to grade 9) Arab children studying at Arab schools in Kuala Lumpur-Malaysia. Data were collected via two questionnaires (one for loneliness and the other for self-esteem). The correlational data analysis yielded a negative correlation between loneliness and academic achievement while there is a positive correlation between self-esteem and achievement. Results also suggested that there is no correlation between students' gender, age, and academic achievement. Furthermore, the results revealed that self-esteem is a good predictor of achievement while loneliness and gender are not good predictors. The findings of the present study are discussed in relation to the relevant literature, taking into consideration the impact of children mental health on their academic achievement. Finally, recommendations for further research are presented.
European Identity Issues in the Era of Globalization
Authors: Luli Elira
Published: July 2017

Globalization is already an uncontestable process nowadays. Its impacts have affected areas such as: economy, politics, geographical territorial boundaries, identity and national interest, style of life, customs and traditions. Thinking about globalization, the European Union is one of the proper indicators of free circulation of goods, people, products and services. In this context, EU member states are not just a unity of states who share benefits such as single market, currency, space, common civilization values and identity but also a division when it comes to questions related to national interest and national state model and role, sovereignty and ideological issues that some member state are such in obsolete manner attached to them. This paper will examine identity issues within the frame of European Union, in particular not implicitly the unifying factors such as art, culture and history but the divergences that stems from the fact of a single policy for a joint European national interest and speaking in one voice. Ultimately, as the globalization process continue to expand how possible will be to still cultivate culture diversity beyond national frames and extend national identities within a European dimension.
Improvement of Quality Standards in Examination Process in Colleges of Education
Authors: Oyekan Sam Oluseyi
Published: July 2017

Education is the universal catalyst for qualitative development of effective citizenship and competent workforce required in building a modern dynamic society. Purposeful instructional leadership, prudent management of resources and vibrant evaluation of students’ learning outcomes as a means of quality control could raise appreciable standards toward an improvement of examination process in Colleges of Education. Being a major task in the school curriculum implementation, examination process is a basic mechanism for academic quality assurance in higher education. A comprehensive examination process largely comprises admission of qualified candidates into teacher education programme, effective teaching and learning of the subject curriculum contents, continuous assessment of learning outcomes, moderation and conduct of examinations, marking and grading of examination scripts, external moderation of examination results, computation and consideration of moderated examination results, notification and release of examination results, certification and production of transcripts, career induction and convocation of certified competent and responsible graduates for employment in the labour market. Hence, it is suggested that prompt identification of challenges and strategies for improvement of quality standards in examination process would enhance a comprehensive professional development of competent and personable teachers. Such well-informed educational experts shall use their professional expertise, ethical orientation and instructional best practices to discover and nurture a crop of gifted, talented and skilled individuals as credible future leaders in all aspects of our national life and global economy.
The Process of Learning and the Basic Mathematical Concepts Difference through Creative Activities
Authors: Ceka Dritan
Published: July 2017

During my professional experience with pupils of the first grade, I have come across a problem that has been annoying me so far even now that I am still working with these pupils. This problem consist of the difficulties that pupils of the elementary school are having with different math mathematical concepts such as assembles, discounts, sends down the change, the first factor, the second factor, the production, the apportioning, divisor and quotient. Taking in the consideration this problem, I have found out through internet many activities and methods that have helped me to solve this kind of problem. I have also received information such as the experience of teachers in case and I used some creative activities I thought to meet the needs of students regarding this issue. Trying to review the available literature on this issue, I observed that the main problem lies in the manner of a mathematics lesson. Often students are required to learn mathematical procedures, rules and definitions not know why they do such a thing. They do not always manage to understand phrases, words and mathematical symbols mechanically often than so different logical mathematical actions. Many exercises performed by students are being learned without knowing that they will really serve them one day in their practical life. And by they are not being offered the opportunity to work by exploring different materials suitable for their age. In most of our schools unfortunately still looks at mathematics as a subject taught with pencil and paper and students remain missing in the world of numbers and mathematical expressions. This issue has motivated me to examine exactly this issue and try to enable students in learning basic concepts and mathematical difference as it will help you to solve problems and different mathematical operations.
Interpersonal Skills in Dealing with Multiculturalism: Bosnian Borderland Case
Authors: Pilarska Justyna
Published: July 2017

The article tackles the issue of interpersonal skills that provide and ensure a foundation for intercultural dialogue and communication as recognized by the author within her own research project carried out in spring 2015 in Bosnia-Herzegovina. Multitude of cultures is contemporarily a part of everyday life for many democratic countries. At the same time, cultural similarities and differences have begun to play a substantial role in the public discourses and individual biographies encountering multiculturalism on a daily basis. It consequently demands from the members of such culturally diverse societies to generate given code of communication, axiology and attitudes that enable culturally heterogenic dialogue. Otherwise, we may deal with cultural antagonism that can lead to social and political tensions questioning democratic functioning of such states and countries. Taking it into consideration, the subject of research concerns interpersonal skills manifested by the members of Bosnian multicultural communities of Sarajevo, where cultural diversity occurs both within the families as well as communities in which they function. Hence, cultural differences are part of their everyday life, manifested within cultural legacy of own community, cultural system of the family, family socialization, experienced problems resulting from cultural differences within own family and beyond it, attitudes to different representatives of cultural communities, and last but not least, within values by reason of which the cross-cultural dialogue and multicultural coexistence are possible. Consequently, multicultural, interpersonal skills should be acknowledged and practiced as a potential and concurrently as a chance for recognition of the priorities of cross-cultural education, crucial for all the democratic states worldwide.
Local Public Sphere for Discursive Public Service in Indonesia: Habermas Perspective
Authors: Faedlulloh Dodi
Published: July 2017

Democracy is an important issue in the practice of public administration. Until the contemporary situation, democracy is a process that is constantly maintained to accommodate public aspirations. In the context of the democratic process, local public services could be determined by opening the deliberative public sphere and increasing public participation to think together what public services to be provided. This paper is an effort to explore the challenges, opportunities and possibilities of the terms of the acceptable public services for more stakeholders in Indonesia. In contrast to the practice of citizen charters that tend monologue in determining the services contract, the idea of local public sphere, public organization opens dialogue with all stakeholders including the public service users. Habermas's thought about public sphere be an inspiration in building the model of discursive public services. Historically, Indonesia has actually alreay had a concept of "musyawarah mufakat" (consensus) that is similar to deliberative democracy. Therefore, the prospect to create the public service policy that formulated together is possible. To open the possibility the theory into praxis, then the adaptation of Habermas's thought is formulated on a local scale, namely in the regions in Indonesia. Here, public sphere articulated with media or forum for all elements stakeholders for discussion and deliberation in defining public services. Now days with the development of technology, the opportunities will open widely. Beside to modernize and simplify the structure of the service process, technology can facilitate access to interact between the government and the public to create discursive public services.
Religious Education in Greece - Orthodox Christianity, Islam and Secularism
Authors: Liagkis Marios Koukounaras
Published: July 2017

This study is an attempt to address the issue of religion in the public sphere and secularism. Since the Eastern Orthodox Church has been established by the Greek constitution (1975) as the prevailing religion of Greece, there are elements of legal agreements- which inevitably spawn interactions- between state and Church in different areas. One such area is Religious Education. This article focuses on Religious Education (RE) in Greece which is a compulsory school subject and on two important interventions that highlight the interplay between religion, politics and education: firstly the new Curriculum for RE (2011) and secondly the introduction of an Islamic RE (2014) in a Greek region (Thrace) where Christians and Muslims have lived together for more than four centuries. The researches are based on fieldwork research and they attempt to open the discussion on the role of RE in a secular education system and its potential for coexistence and social cohesion.
Experience of Pediatric Patients with Chronic Renal Disease at "Mother Theresa" University Hospital Center
Authors: Ajasllari Jeta
Published: July 2017

The aim of this study was to present a better understanding of the illness, needs of patients with this type of pathology. Participants on the interview were 15 children and adolescents of age 11-15 years old diagnosed at “Mother Teresa” University Hospital Center, Nephrology Department. To draw the study results it was used “Nvivo” software, where through a careful analyzing process were identified four key topics: Physical impact (medical treatment); psychological impact (anxiety, difficulties they face); impact on social relations (family, activities and relations with age mates); way of adaption (self belief, religious belief, multidisciplinary staff). The findings reveal the impact of the illness on the life of the patients all over the illness course. The main recommending of this study are based on deepened exploration of the patients’ perception of the illness setting up an appropriate program to support patients with chronic renal disease as well as their families.
Promoting Language and Cultural Diversity through the Mass Media: Views of Students at the University of Botswana
Authors: Jeremiah Koketso
Published: July 2017

This study investigates the views of students at the University of Botswana as to whether or not the current situation in which the languages of ethnic minority groups in Botswana are marginalized or excluded for use in the national media such as television, radio and the Botswana Daily News, should continue or not. The study answered the following research questions: 1. What national television and radio stations exist in Botswana? 2. What programmes do these television and radio stations broadcast and with which languages? 3. Is the current situation of broadcasting with regard to the languages used for broadcasting fair, and, if not, what can be done to remedy the situation? It also addressed the following objectives:1. To identify the national television and radio stations which exist in Botswana? 2. To identify the programmes that the existing national television and radio stations broadcast and the languages used to broadcast those programmes. 3. To find out if the current system of broadcasting is fair in terms of the languages used and if it is not, to suggest some measures that can be taken to remedy the situation.The study used qualitative methods. Sampling was done by using purposive sampling. The data collection method used was a questionnaire. A sample of seven (7) students responded to the questionnaire. Three (3) or 43% said the current situation should continue while four (4) or 57% said it should be changed. The conclusion was that the current situation which marginalizes minority ethnic groups should be changed.
Patriotism in The Work for Children by Olivera Nikolova
Authors: Denkova Jovanka
Published: July 2017

This paper examines the work of one of the most famous Macedonian writers for children and adults, Olivera Nikolova. Her work is really impressive, especially one intended for children. The paper will particularly pay attention to the patriotic theme in the work of Nikolova, which emphasis will be put on two of her works, "The secret of the yellow suitcase" and "Rosica's Dolls." The purpose of the paper is to discover and paint the context of the child and the young girl in the midst of war, trauma to survive, the consequences arising from them, and how these female characters work tirelessly with all this.
An Axiomatic Control for Rational Behavior of Political Leaders in Democratic States
Authors: Kolaneci Fejzi , Duzha Juxhen , Kakija Dea
Published: July 2017

The main purpose of the present paper is to develop a new axiomatic system for the control or self-control of rational behavior of political leaders in contemporary democratic states. The axiomatic system is based on stringent criteria for rational behavior (proposed by A. N. Kolmogorov and R. Wilson) and contains 14 axioms. Axioms with ordinal numbers 4, 10, and 14 have a particular important role. In the present study we use Nash optimization principle, as well as a generalization of this principle developed by N. N. Vorobiev. The proposed axiomatic system is clear, meaningful and enjoys the lack of contradiction property.The obtained theoretical results are applied in Republic of Albania.
Using Case Study Method in Project Management Education as a Tool for Improvement of Project Manager’s Skills
Authors: Erbas Ikbal
Published: July 2017

Project management education is a kind of education which aims to equip students with necessary skills that they would need in real business life in their career as a project manager. For being succesful in project management education, case study method of teaching holds a very important position between the other methods. This study examines contributions of the case study method to the project management education in terms of improvement of the project manager`s skills. For this purpose in the scope of the study work flow process of the case study approach and main benefits of the approach are defined. Defined benfits` impacts on improvement of the project manager`s key skills are revealed. It is found out while the students are starting to improve their human skills when they begin to work as a group, improvement of technical and conceptual skills are provided during all phases of the process.
Conflict – A Necessary Evil
Authors: Paris Stelian , Sîrbu Rodica , Cadar Emin , Tomescu Aneta , Erimia Cristina-Luiza
Published: July 2017

Conflict in organizations represents an important topic for managers. People often assume that all conflict is necessary bad and should be eliminated. On the contrary, there are some circumstances in which a moderate amount of conflict can be helpful. Where conflict already exists, something must be done. The techniques should be viewed as continuum, ranging from strategies that focus on changing behaviors near the top of the scale to strategies that focus on changing attitudes near the bottom of the scale