bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Frecuencia de Alteraciones Dentales de Tamaño, Número, Forma y Estéticas en Pacientes con Capacidad Especial
Authors: Orellana Adela , Rodríguez Susana
Published: March 2020

Este artículo presenta la frecuencia de alteraciones dentales de tamaño, número; forma y estética en pacientes especiales (pacientes con retraso mentad síndrome Down y parálisis cerebral) del Hogar del Riño Minusválido Abandonado "Padre Vito Guarato". Se trabajó con una población de 200 pacientes (4688piezas dentales) Los resultados muestran que del total de piezas evaluadas (4688); 2.5% (117) presentaron alteraciones de tamaño, 0.79% (37) presentaron alteraciones en cuanto a número, 3.14% (147) presentaron alteraciones de forma, 6.44% (302) presentaron alteraciones estéticas y 87.74% (4085) no presentaron alteraciones dentales
Brote de Intoxicación Alimentaria por Salmonella Enteritidis en Hospital Nacional Zacamil marzo 2007
Authors: Barahona de Figueroa Jeannette , Zúñiga Jorge , Cruz Claudia
Published: March 2020

Entre el 4y 5 de marzo del 2007, en el Hospital Zacarnil. fue identificado un brote de 37 personas con gastroenteritis aguda quienes habían participado en una fiesta familiar fueron atendidos 24 pacientes, de los cuales 16 fueron hospitalizados La ausencia de un agente etiológico y la cantidad de pacientes que consultaron con el mismo cuadro clínico, y que todos provenían de un mismo Lugar presenta un reto a la investigación. El tipo de estudio fue observacional de cohorte retrospectivo. Criterios de inclusión: pacientes hospitalizados que cumplían con la definición de caso propuesta. Se recolectaron variables demográficas, clínicas y muestras fecales. Una vez identificado el agente causal se enviaron muestras fecales confirmatorias al laboratorio Central Max Bloch de San Salvador. Se calcularon tasas de ataque global, tasa de ataque clínica, tasa de ataque de casos confirmados par coprocultivo, y tasa de ataque por alimento. Captura de datos en paquete Epi Info y Excel. Entre los resultados se obtuvo que la tasa de ataque por alimentos más elevada (100%) fue para sándwich de polio, Casa de ataque global del 100%, tasa de ataque clínica del 64%, tasa de ataque de casos confirmados par coprocultivo del 100%, tasa de internamiento de 66%. El patógeno que se aisló corresponded a Salmonella sp Poly AI-N Grupo D1, en el 100% de las muestras fecales. Mayor confirmación (fago topacio) demostró la presencia de Salmonella Grupo D1, factores I, 9 y 12 en el 100%. Se concluyó que el brote se debió a Salmonella enteritidis 9,12 gmfagotipo 1; los resultados sugieren un brote de fuente común.
Contribución de la alimentación a base de harina de sorgo (sorghum bicolor l. moench) en la corrección de anemia ferropénica de niños y niñas de 2 a 6 años
Authors: Escobar Chávez Gloria Nancy , Sanabria Aguilar Rocío Melisa , González Rodr´´iguez Sagrario Margarita
Published: March 2020

Una alternativa para la corrección de anemia ferropénica y estados de ferropenia es la alimentación a base de harina de sorgo y sesiones educativas, orientadas a la disminución de factores inhibidores de hierro (se refiere a la disminución o exclusión de alimentos con colorantes artificiales café, chocolate, y factores corno el parasitismo intestinal). El estudio se realizó en niños y niñas de 2 a 6 años del Centro de Desarrollo Infantil (C.D.I), de Apopa. Se utilizó harina de sorgo de la variedad RCV (Iniciaks del nombre del 9gronomo que mejoro el fenotipo). Es una variedad fitomejorada, libre de factores tóxicos y la de mayor cultivo en el país. El análisis químico provee por cada 100 g de harina, 7.5 mg de hierro. La harina fue utilizada en bebidas y platillos salados: atole de sorgo con canela, atole de sorgo con fresa, cebada de sorgo, horchata de sorgo, refresco de tamarindo con sorgo, limonada de sorgo, tortillas y sopas. Con la alimentación brindada a los infantes se comprobó que estuvieron recibiendo un 23.25% de su requerimiento dietético diario del mineral hierro debido a que en la dieta que llevaban en la institución se incluy6: 6 onzas de atole con un contenido de 13,5 mg de hierro, 12 onzas de refresco con un contenido de 27 mg de hierro y 1 onza de tortilla de maíz fortificada con harina de sorgo, la cual contenía 2.25 mg de hierro no hémico, tornando en cuenta que en teoría los niños de las edades establecidas en el estudio absorber aproximadarnente el 10% de hierro no hémico de la alimentación diaria. Por medio de orientación nutricional se disminuyó el consunto de los factures que entorpecen la captation del mineral.
Relación del balance nitrogenado y energético en el estado nutricional del niños de 2 a 16 años con Insuficiencia renal crónica en tratamiento de diálisis peritoneal
Authors: Gómez Villalobos Vanessa Alexandra , Juárez Aparicio Carlos Armando , Navas Linares Ada Marina
Published: March 2020

El objetivo fue determinar en qué medida influye el balance nitrogenado y energético en el estado nutricional de los niños con Insuficiencia  Renal Crónica en tratamiento de Diálisis Peritoneal. Él estudia es de tipo descriptivo y correlacional. Se tomó coma población los 24 niños y niñas en tratamiento de diálisis peritoneal en el área de nefrología del Hospital Bloom, a los males se les calculo el balance nitrogenado y el balance energético, así como también exámenes séricos de Albúmina. Los resultados mostraron que los niños tienen perdidas diferentes de proteínas aunque pertenezcan al mismo grupo etáreo y que coincidan sus pesos, ya que las perdidas proteicas se pueden ver aumentada; par la presencia de peritonitis; uremia, frecuencia y calidad del tratamiento de diálisis. Por medio de este estudia se ha podido comprobar que el balance nitrogenado si tiene un impacto sabré el estado nutricional, pero para que se logre una mejoría nutricional, la ingesta debe sea muy superior al valor obtenido en la Tasa de Catabolismo Proteico (PCR), ya que se observó que aunque en algunos casos la ingesta era mayor que la tasa de catabolismo proteico, no era suficiente para contribuir a una mejora en el estado nutricional y no se logró un aumento de peso
Factores de riesgo y protección del consumo de drogas entre estudiantes universitarios salvadoreños, año 2007
Authors: De Parada E. Aydeé Rivera
Published: March 2020

El consumo de drogas es multicausal, se incluyen la disponibilidad y tráfico de drogas que se prolifera en el país, depende en gran medida de la falta de prevención enfocada a fortalecer valores, actitudes, concernientes y habilidades desde el hogar, escuela y Estado. Se realizaron entrevistas a profundidad a expertos en el tema y por escrito a una muestra de 382 estudiantes, distribuidos estratificadamente en 8 Universidades. Según el análisis de indicadores estudiados se advierte que alrededor de una tercera parte de población, se encuentra en inminente riesgo: inseguridad individual familiar y socioeconómico a entre otras. La publicidad induce a la adopción de conductas inapropiadas y a consumo de drogas licitas e ilícitas y de todo tipo de vicios. Si a alto se le sum; que la Universidad prioriza la instrucción profesional y muy paco la educación integral; se genera una relación inversamente proporcional de factores de riesgo y protección: mientras se propicia el desgaste de factores de protección como la práctica de valores entre otros, se permite el aumento de factores de riesgo de todo tipo y con ello el consumo de sustancias psicoactivas. Ante el creciente riesgo, se advierte que la respuesta de la Universidad, familia y Estado debe ser inmediata.
Conocimientos, Actitudes y Prácticas que posee la población universitaria de la UEES en relación a la Salud Bucal. Estudio Piloto realizado en el 2005
Authors: Oliva Elizabeth Pérez , Rivera de Villacorta Brenda Lissette
Published: March 2020

Diagnosticar los Conocimientos, Actitudes y Practicas que posee este sector de la población salvadoreña permitirá proponer acciones preventivas y curativas referentes a la Salud Bucal y acordes a la realidad que vive esta población, pero también evidenciara la importancia que le brindan los Salvadoreños a la Salud Bucal con el propósito de reorientar la formación de los futuros odontólogos con una visión preventiva. Este estudio considerado como piloto, aporta información relevante de este sector de la población universitaria de la UEES, ya que el conocimiento del estado de salud bucal proporciona una base adecuada para estimar las necesidades actuales y de futuras asistencias odontológicas de la misma. Se pretende que la segunda fase de este estudio se realice a nivel nacional. Al finalizar el estudio se concluye que en cuanto a conocimientos los estudiantes conocen sobre los he higiene bucal y sobre las recomendaciones de la visita al menos una vez, al año al odontólogo. La mayoría de ellos conocen algunas­ consecuencias relacionadas a la mala salud bucal y de las repercusiones en la salud general. En cuanto a actitudes, para la mayoría de los estudiantes es buena, por lo tanto, es necesario desarrollar actividades en ellos que les ayude a influir en pro de modos y estilos de vida favorables de manera que estas ayuden a rescatar una correcta higiene dental. En relación a la práctica la mayoría de los estudiantes a utilizar los diferentes aditamentos de higiene bucal se autocalifican con mejores hábitos de higiene bucal.
Comparación in vitro de la estabilidad y exactitud dimensional entre tres marcas de siliconas por condensación
Authors: Arévalo Rafael Artero , Alvarado José Bonilla , Rodriguez Teddy Campos
Published: March 2020

En la presente investigación se comparó la estabilidad y exactitud dimensional de tres materiales de impresión tipo silicona por condensación Speedex, Coltoflax y Protesil en tres medidas (dos diámetros y una longitud) con respecto a un modelo metálico. Se tomaron del modelo metálico 30 impresiones, 10 por coda marca comercial de silicona luego se vaciaron con yeso extra duro y se tomaron las medidas con un micrómetro en 3 dimensiones (MD, CO, VL). De los resultados obtenidos se concluye que las tres siliconas presentan diferente exactitud dimensional.
Variaciones sobre el concepto de Ética
Authors: Oliva Elizabeth Pérez , Velasco José Armando
Published: March 2020

A lo largo de la historia, pensadores han dado ideas y teorías sabré la Ética, pero todos concuerdan en que es una parte de la Filosofía que trata de los actos morales, normas de conducta sobre el bien y el mal en el ser humano; termino desarrollado a través del tiempo. Desde que los hombres viven en comunidad, la regulación moral de la conducta ha si do necesaria Mara el bienestar colectivo. Aunque los distintos sistema morales se establecían sobre pautas arbitrarias de conducta, evolucionaron a veces de forma irracional, a partir de que se violaran los tabúes religiosos o de conductas que primero fueron hábito y luego costumbre, o así mismo de leyes impuestas por líderes Para prevenir desequilibrios en el seno de la tribu. El término moral nos dice también, coma hemos de comportarnos de manera que obrando de una determinada forma y según un determinado código moral vayamos dando una determinada personalidad o forma de ser a nuestra vida. Según nuestras costumbres y comportamientos damos forma a nuestra vida y adquirimos nuestro propio y particular modo de ser. Ese carácter o modo de ser se adquiere por media de una serie de habitas y costumbres. Antiguamente se consideraba que los dos términos se equivalían pero hoy se considera que la moral designa una serie de normas aceptadas por un grupo social o establecido por un moralista. La palabra Ética es una expresión más técnica dentro de la Filosofía y da lugar a un sistema de principios filosóficos que son la base de esas normas.
Short communication: Molecular detection of honeybee viruses in Ecuador
Authors: Bravi María E. , Avalos Jorge , Rosero Hugo , Maldonado Gerald , Reynaldi Francisco J. , Genchi-García María L.
Published: March 2020

Aim of study: The honeybee, Apis mellifera, is one of the most important pollinators in the world. Apicultural activity and pollination services have been affected by the decline in the honeybee population, which may be due to the interaction of multiple risk factors, such as changes in agricultural production, use of pesticides and presence of pathogens. Viruses, in particular, are suspected to be drivers of colony mortality. In this scenario, the aim of this study was to determine the presence of honeybee viruses (IAPV, DWV, SBV, ABPV, BQCV, CBPV) in A. mellifera populations using a RT-mPCR assay.Area of study: Apiaries were situated in Pichincha, Ecuador.Material and methods: Samples were collected from seventeen apiaries that exhibited mortality but without specific clinical signs. Each sample comprised 15 individuals. After RNA extraction, a multiplex PCR analysis was performed for presence of six viruses (IAPV, DWV, SBV, ABPV, BQCV, CBPV).Main results: Four of the viruses (ABPV, DWV, BQCV and SBV) were found in co-infections in these colonies, with ABPV and SBV also being found in simple infections.Research highlights: To our knowledge, this is the first molecular detection of BQCV and SBV in Ecuador. These findings suggest that some of the above viruses could be involved in weakening these colonies.
First initiatives in prehospital care-Basing assessments on incomplete preliminary information
Authors: Hernborg Martin N. , Carlström Eric D. , Berlin Johan M.
Published: March 2020

Rationale and aim: Ambulance staff, i.e. registered nurses and assistant nurses, receive assignments from emergency dispatch centres including information on level of priority, address and patient’s care requirements. One problem is that the preliminary information the dispatcher gives to the ambulance staff may be incomplete. The purpose of this study was to determine how ambulance staff base their assessments on incomplete preliminary information when assessing care requirements.Methods: Fifteen ambulance staff working at seven ambulance stations were interviewed for this study. Interviews were transcribed and analysed using content analysis.Results: Incomplete preliminary information means that ambulance staff may be misdirected. This means that if the preliminary information from the dispatcher is incomplete, the ambulance staff need to reassess, and this is perceived to be difficult. Ambulance staff tend to stick to the first initiative that is taken after they receive an alert from the dispatcher.Conclusions: When ambulance staff receive incomplete preliminary information, they need to consider the possibility of conducting a reassessment. Based on the results, there is a need for new procedures to improve preparedness to conduct a reassessment after receiving incomplete preliminary information.
The Relationship between the Saudi Cadets’ Learning Motivation and Their Vocabulary Knowledge
Authors: Alqahtani Ali Falah
Published: March 2020

This paper is a report on the study of the relationship between foreign/second language (L2) motivation and vocabulary knowledge. The population of the study is the cadets of a military academy in Saudi Arabia who study English as a foreign language. The total number of participants is 195 Saudis. The author uses the L2 Motivational Self System to investigate the cadets’ L2 motivation and the vocabulary test “X-Lex” (Meara & Milton, 2003) to measure their vocabulary size (VS). The correlation analysis shows a positive moderate statistical correlation between the students’ L2 motivation and their VS because the Ideal L2 Self, the Language Learning Attitudes, and the Intended Learning Effort had a linear relationship with the VS. Nevertheless, the regression analysis reveals that none of these motivational scales is a predictor of the students’ VS. Finally, the correlation analysis and the regression analysis disclose a statistically significant correlation between the Saudi cadets’ self-perception as competent English users and their L2 motivation as well as their VS.
Guidelines of the Polish Respiratory Society for Diagnosis and Treatment of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
Authors: Piotrowski Wojciech , Bestry Iwona , Białas Adam , Boros Piotr , Grzanka Piotr , Jassem Ewa , Jastrzębski Dariusz , Klimczak Dariusz , Langfort Renata , Lewandowska Katarzyna , Majewski Sebastian , Martusewicz-Boros Magdalena , Oniszh Karina , Puścińska Elżbieta , Siemińska Alicja , Sobiecka Małgorzata , Szołkowska Małgorzata , Wiatr Elżbieta , Wilczyński Gracjan , Ziora Dariusz , Kuś Jan
Published: March 2020

Introduction: This document presents the Guideliness of the Polish Respiratory Society (PTChP, Polskie Towarzystwo Chorób Płuc) for diagnosis and treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), developed by agroup of Polish experts. Material and methods: The recommendations were developed in the form of answers to previously formulated questions concer-ning everyday diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. They were developed based on acurrent literature review using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) methodology. Results: We formulated 28 recommendations for diagnosis (8), pharmacological treatment (12) as well as non-pharma-cological and palliative therapy (8). The experts suggest that surgical lung biopsy (SLB) not be performed in patients with the probable usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) pattern, with an appropriate clinical context and unanimous opinion of a multidisciplinary team. The experts recommend using antifibrotic agents in IPF patients and suggest their use irrespective of the degree of functional impairment. As regards non-pharmacological and palliative treatment, strong re-commendations were formulated regarding pulmonary rehabilitation, oxygen therapy (in patients with chronic respiratory failure), preventive vaccinations as well as referring IPF patients to transplant centres. Table 1 presents an aggregate list of recommendations. Conclusions: The Polish Respiratory Society Working Group developed Guideliness for IPF diagnosis and treatment.
Treatment of Persistent Air Leak with Endobronchial Valves
Authors: Van Hende Fransien , Carron Kris
Published: March 2020

Persistent pulmonary air leaks are usually treated conservatively with prolonged thoracostomy tube drainage. In case this approach fails, surgical revision used to be the only option. This Case Report describes the successful treatment of a 66-year old patient who developped a pulmonary air leak after cardiothoracic surgery that persisted despite attempted surgical repair and talc pleurodesis. The treatment was successfully completed with endobronchial valves thereby demonstrating that treatment with endobronchial valves doesn’t only represent an alternative to surgery, but that it can also be successful in case surgical intervention fails.
Measurements of Ti6Al4V titanium residual stresses after shot-peening processes for needs of biomedical engineering
Authors: Bańczerowski Jakub , Mońka Grzegorz , Skalski Konstanty
Published: March 2020

The paper presents results of measurements of residual stresses of the properly prepared Grade 5 titanium (Ti6Al4V) samples. The samples previously underwent the process of shot-peening with steel shots with 0.6 mm, and 1.2 mm in diameter and 640 HV hardness. Measurements of residual stresses were carried out using the Waismman-Philips method consisting in measuring the sample deflection arrow in the etching test of Ti6Al4V titanium alloy in the solution of hydrofluoric acid (HF) and sulfuric acid (H2SO4). Tests were carried out on the stand designed and constructed earlier at the Institute of Precision Mechanics (IMP). In order to assess the impact of the shot-peening process parameters on the samples, roughness measurements of the surface before etching were carried out. Determining the values and distributions of the residual stresses is reduced, as mentioned, to determining the changes in curvature as a function of changes in the thickness of the sample tested, and then conducting the necessary calculations. The results of the measurement of displacements as a function of time and thickness of the samples obtained after etching were used to determine the value of residual stresses as a function of distance from the sample surface. Calculations were conducted with using the NWW.11 program.
'SUPERCARGO', the Art of Peter Moosgaard
Authors: Ochsenhofer Martin
Published: March 2020

A student essay for the Special Student Issue of the Journal of Extreme Anthropology accompanying the art exhibition 'Artist's Waste, Wasted Artists', which opened in Vienna on the 19th of September 2017 and was curated by the students of social anthropology at the University of Vienna. This essay considers the ways in which our need for differentiation on one hand and identification on the other shapes our relation to commodites and fuels their magical, fetishistic properties. Using the case of Peter Moosgaard's art project SUPERCARGO, it is argued that this art piece can unsettle the way we conceive of commodities, and reveal what may have previously been unconscious.
Fashion and Neoliberalism: How Self-commodification Becomes Integral to the Entrepreneurial Ethical Fashion Designer
Authors: Másdóttir Vigdís Þóra
Published: March 2020

A student essay for the Special Student Issue of the Journal of Extreme Anthropology accompanying the art exhibition 'Artist's Waste, Wasted Artists', which opened in Vienna on the 19th of September 2017 and was curated by the students of social anthropology at the University of Vienna. This essay discusses the challenges faced by fashion designers within the contemporary neoliberal fashion and art market, in particular the neccessity to self-commodify and brand oneself if one wishes to succeed. The article builds also on interviews with the New York based fashion designer Arna Lísa.
Do Divine Conceptualist Accounts Fail?
Authors: Welty Greg ,   Evangelical Philosophical Society
Published: March 2020

William Lane Craig’s God over All argues against the kind of “divine conceptualism” about abstract objects which I defend. In this conference presentation I note several points of agreement with and appreciation for Craig’s important work. I then turn to five points of critique and response pertaining to: the sovereignty-aseity intuition, the reality of false propositions, God’s having “inappropriate” thoughts, propositions being purely private and incommunicable, and a consistent view of God’s own ontological commitments. I conclude by summarizing our two key differences, indicating that we may have much more in common than first appears (both theologically and metaphysically).
Can a Male Savior Save Women?
Authors: do Vale Fellipe ,   Evangelical Philosophical Society
Published: March 2020

This paper attempts to answer, as well as give metaphysical specificity to, a question within the philosophy and theology of gender which strikes the heart of the Christian confession of the gospel. Against critics who say that the masculinity of Christ’s human nature renders him unable to save women as well as men, it draws on the recent literature on feminist metaphysics and analytic Christology (two very resurgent bodies of literature) to develop a model of the Incarnation able to avoid such criticisms.
The Neo-Molinist Square Stands Firm
Authors: Hess Elijah ,   Evangelical Philosophical Society
Published: March 2020

In a previous issue of Philosophia Christi, Kirk MacGregor responded to an essay of mine in which I argued for a neo-Molinist account of open theism. The argument demonstrated how, given standard counterfactual semantics, one could derive an “open future square of opposition,” that is, a depiction of the logical relations that hold between future-tense statements from an open theistic standpoint. Conceding the validity of the argument, MacGregor nevertheless sought to deny its soundness by criticizing both its conclusion and the Stalnaker-Lewis semantics on which the argument was based. In this paper, I argue that MacGregor’s reasons for rejecting the open future square, as well as his Molinist alternative to the Stalnaker-Lewis semantics, are uncompelling.
Does Open Theism Explain God’s Planning of Creation?
Authors: Crozat Elliott R. ,   Evangelical Philosophical Society
Published: March 2020

In this essay, I assess Timothy Blank’s “The Open Theistic Multiverse.” In his article, Blank attempts to show that Open Theism explains how God can plan the creation of a multiverse containing creatures with libertarian freedom. I underscore some benefits of Blank’s article while arguing that, despite its strengths, his paper fails to provide a sufficient explanation of God’s precreational planning.
Analysis of short-term variation and long-term drift during reagent kit lot change in an NABL accredited clinical biochemistry laboratory
Authors: Ambade Vivek , Misra Pratibha , Vashum Yaongamphi , Sharma Mukul , Mukherjee Bhasker , Bhatia Kapil , Puliyath Manoj , Rasu Ponnaiah , Indra Prakash , Sibin Madathan
Published: March 2020

Background: Kit lot change in clinical biochemistry labs leads to variations in patient results. This study planned to identify variations during 60 reagent lot changes in our laboratory during the period from June 2018 to May 2019. Methods: A statistical analysis was performed to identify the difference between patient samples results variations and QC results. The long term drift was analyzed using a regression test. Results: There was a significant difference between the patient and QC results in 16.7% of reagent lot changes. Moreover, the extent of variation in QC results was 3.3%. No long-term drift was seen in three analytes which were studied using regression analysis. Conclusions: Our results showed that, during reagent kit lot change, along with QC material, the patient samples should also be run in order to identify the variation. However, this practice is presently ignored by most of the laboratories. There was no accumulated effect in our laboratory due to reagent kit lot change.
Patologias dos sistemas hidráulicos e sanitários da Escola Dom Domingos Carrerot
Authors: Santos Fernanda Pereira dos , Lage Eduardo Gouveia Santiago
Published: March 2020

Os Sistemas Hidráulicos e Sanitários são constituídos pelas instalações de água fria, água quente, esgotos e águas pluviais. Estes sistemas são uns do que entram em contato direto com o usuário, sendo que seu mau funcionamento é um indicativo de existência de patologias que resultam em queda do bem estar físico e psicológico das pessoas. Assim este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar as instalações hidráulicas e sanitárias da Escola Dom Domingos Carrerot, localizada no município de Porto Nacional/TO. A metodologia utilizada pautou-se em um estudo de caso realizado em uma escola pública estadual localizada no município de Porto Nacional. O estudo de caso baseou-se nos critérios de desempenho estabelecidos pela NBR 15575/2013. Os resultados demonstraram que os sistema hidráulicos e sanitários da escola encontram-se em bom estado de conservação, apresentando apenas algumas patologias. Ao final concluiu-se que as patologias presentes na escola são: algumas torneiras que se encontravam quebras e por este motivo tinham vazamentos; reservatório de água da escola, que tem capacidade para armazenar 10.000 litros e apresentou estado de conservação insuficiente, devido possuir vários vazamentos pelo reservatório.
Zdravljenje spastičnosti s selektivno dorzalno rizotomijo: Prikaz nove kirurške metode v Sloveniji
Authors: Spazzapan Peter , Velnar Tomaž , Rodi Zoran , Kos Nataša , Kupsch Andreas , Bošnjak Roman
Published: March 2020

Spastičnost je motorična motnja, ki jo zaznamuje porast mišičnega tonusa do take mere, da otežuje gibanje in vzdrževanje položaja telesa, kar vpliva tudi na kakovost življenja. S to patologijo se kljub pogostosti in pomembnosti ukvarja malo pediatričnih nevrokirurgov, najverjetneje zato, ker so bile možnosti za nevrokirurško zdravljenje dolgo omejene in nezanesljive. O prvi seriji dorzalnih rizotomij je leta 1979 poročal Fasano, do takrat pa so nevrokirurgi takim otrokom lahko nudili le skromno pomoč. Farmakološko zdravljenje spastičnosti se je do danes močno razvilo in obsega zdravila za peroralno, intramuskularno in intratekalno dajanje. Kirurške tehnike zdravljenja, kamor uvrščamo nevrokirurške in ortopedske posege, pa poleg delne sekcije perifernih živcev in globoke možganske stimulacije vključujejo tudi selektivno dorzalno rizotomijo (SDR). Izbira najbolj ustreznega zdravljenja je individualna in odločanje poteka interdisciplinarno. Predstavljamo primer otroka s spastičnostjo in zdravljenje z nevrokirurško tehniko SDR, ki smo jo v Sloveniji izvedli prvič.
Diagnostični pristop pri dojenčku s spinalnim disrafizmom
Authors: Šuštar Nataša , Paro Panjan Darja , Ključevšek Damjana , Neubauer David , Spazzapan Peter , Soltirovska Šalamon Aneta
Published: March 2020

Spinalni disrafizmi so prirojene nepravilnosti hrbtenjače in spinalnega kanala, ki nastanejo zaradi motenj zapiranja nevralne cevi v zgodnjem embrionalnem razvoju. Glede na kožno kritje jih delimo na odprte in zaprte. Odprte disrafizme prepoznamo že s prenatalno diagnostiko, težja pa je prepoznava zaprtih (okultnih) stanj. Pri slednjih so nam pri diagnostiki v pomoč določeni kožni znaki nad hrbtenico, ki so prisotni pri več kot polovici bolnikov. Ultrazvočna preiskava spinalnega kanala je v prvih mesecih starosti, dokler hrbtenica ne zakosteni, metoda izbire v diagnostiki okultnih spinalnih disrafizmov. Sicer je najobčutljivejše diagnostično orodje magnetno resonančno slikanje, ki predstavlja tudi zlati standard predoperativne diagnostike. Zgodnja prepoznava je pomembna tudi v primerih asimptomatskih stanj, ker s tem omogočimo pravočasno kirurško zdravljenje otrok, pri katerih obstaja večje tveganje za nastanek nenadnih zapletov ali nepovratnih nevroloških posledic. V članku smo povzeli klinične in radiološke značilnosti posameznih disrafičnih stanj, ter oblikovali diagnostični algoritem, z namenom poenotenja zgodnje obravnave otrok s spinalnim disrafizmom.
INFLUENCE OF UNIFORMITY OF INTERLEAVED VEILS ON INTERLAMINAR FRACTURE TOUGHNESS IN LAMINATED COMPOSITES OF CARBON FABRICS
Authors: RAMIREZ ELÍAS VICTOR ALFONSO , ARCHER RHYS
Published: March 2020

This study assesses the effect of fibre distribution of interleaved nonwovens veils on the mode I and mode II interlaminar fracture toughness (IFT) of reinforced laminated composites. Polyphenylene Sulfide (PPS) handsheet fibre samples with different fibre distributions were manufactured following the standard TAPPI T205 for manufacturing handsheet nonwoven samples. The key parameters of the process were iterated to obtain an empirical manufacturing procedure for achieving three main types of fibre distribution on handsheets, which were qualitatively defined as good, medium and bad fibre distribution. These handsheet samples were subsequently interleaved into carbon fibre-epoxy laminated composites and tested for mode I and mode II IFT according to standard ISO 15027 and the protocol for 4 End Notched Flexure (4ENF) respectively. The results show that there is no significant effect of fibre distribution on mode I IFT, whereas the mode II IFT showed a notable dependence on fibre distribution. A fractographic analysis shows the fibre bridging mechanism with no significant difference among the three types for the samples tested for mode I IFT, but a significant number of cusps, fibre clusters and ribbons in the samples tested for mode II IFT that contributed to the absorption of fracture energy according to their amount, size and distribution.

Key words: Interlaminar fracture toughness mode I, interlaminar fracture toughness mode II, nonwovens, fibre distribution, handsheets, wet-laid process, interleaved composites, composites.
Sättet att bygga fasader inom svensk polis. En analys av presenterad bild jämfört med verkligt utfall
Authors: Holgersson Stefan
Published: March 2020

See abstract in article.
Den problematiska terroristlagstiftningen
Authors: Flyghed Jane
Published: March 2020

Den problematiska terroristlagstiftningen
Nordisk kriminalistmøte 2013 – Oslo 22.-24. august
Authors: . NTfK
Published: March 2020

Nordisk kriminalistmøte 2013 – Oslo 22.-24. august
Hvordan straffes der for voldtægt?
Authors: Bragadóttir Ragnheiður
Published: March 2020

See abstract in article.
Rule of Law, retsændringer og retskultur
Authors: Wandall Rasmus H.
Published: March 2020

Kommentar til Iver Huitfeldts artikel om strafferetsreform i Moldova
Til minne om Nils Christie
Authors: Ericsson Kjersti
Published: March 2020

In memory of Nils Christie.
Brug af peberspray i danske fængsler og arresthuse
Authors: Garly Andersen & Vedel Kessing Diverse:
Published: March 2020

English title: Use of pepper spray in Danish prisons and detention centresThis article discusses the use of pepper spray in Danish prisons and detention centers. Using qualitative interviews with prison officers and inmates as well as reviews of reports from prison officials about their use of pepper spray, the article examines whether the Danish rules and practices fully comply with human rights requirements and recommendations. The article offers insights into the situations in which pepper spray is typically used, where it is used and who it is used against. The article expresses concern about the use of pepper spray particularly in confined spaces and against mentally ill inmates. The authors argue that the use of pepper spray in Danish prisons should be more restrictive and more precisely regulated.
»Hun plejer da at kunne tåle, at jeg truer med at hente en motorsav ...« – Vold og trusler mod offentligt ansatte undersøgt i en dansk retspsykiatrisk population
Authors: Møllerhøj, Raben, Sørensen, Brandt-Christensen, Stølan Diverse:
Published: March 2020

English title:  “But she usually tolerates when I threaten to get a chainsaw ...” A study of assaults against public servants among a population of Danish mentally disordered offendersThe issue of violence and threats against public servants has attracted significant public attention in recent years and plays an important role in the ongoing discussion of possible explanations for the recent significant growth in the number of sentences to psychiatric treatment in Denmark. The proportion of sentences given for violence and threats against public servants (Danish Penal Code § 119) has increased dramatically, from 5 % in 1980 to approximately 25 % of the total annual number of new sentences to some kind of psychiatric measure in 2014. Studies show that victims are most frequently social and health care assistants, nurses and physicians.  This study is part of a larger mixed method study comprising all patients treated in a specialized forensic outreach team (ForACT) in the Mental Health Services in the Capital Region of Denmark over a period of 7½ years (20062014) (n=181). The types of assault against public servants examined in this sample are diverse, varying from mockery and verbal threats to physical attacks with severe injuries. Displaying complexity and diversity, the mentally disordered offenders (MDOs) in this study are generally characterised as having significant social problems, severe mental illness, substance use issues, and extensive criminal records. MDOs in the sample who have been convicted under § 119 seem to score higher than MDOs never convicted of assaults against public servants on a range of parameters, e.g., criminal onset, type of crime(s) committed, and frequency of psychiatric hospitalisation.
Straf for frivillige seksuelle forhold – en arv fra Reformationen?
Authors: Kjær Morten
Published: March 2020

In a newer debate on the criminalization of incest in Denmark, Vagn Greve hasargued that the criminalization of consensual sexual relations between adults canbe contributed to the German reformer Martin Luther. This article has investigatedthe impact of the reformation on the sexual offenses with emphasis on theirdefinition and punishment and the question of jurisdiction. The criminalization ofconsensual sex was not a new phenomenon after the Reformation. Before theReformation the sexual offences were primarily dealt with by the CatholicChurch through its system of penance and its judicial system. After the Reformationthe jurisdiction was transferred to the secular authority. For the sexualoffences the period 1536-1683 must be viewed as a process. During this periodthey were incorporated into the secular criminal law culminating with the promulgationof Danske Lov 1683. The following period has to a large extent lead tothe decriminalization of the sexual offences. In conclusion, the criminalization ofthe sexual offences cannot be contributed to the Reformation. It is, however, alegacy of the Reformation that the state assumed the responsibility to punish thesexual offences.
»Vis mig dine fanger ...« – et indblik i Grønlands indsattepopulation
Authors: Lauritsen Annemette Nyborg
Published: March 2020

Greenland is expected to get its first closed institution for delinquents in 2018. With this, the idea of Greenland as “the country without prisons” will be history. Yet even before the first closed institution is built, Greenland already ranksamong the most punitive countries in Scandinavia with more than 200 inmates per 100,000 population. The current article draws on studies of inmate records to produce a picture of the social characteristics of the Greenlandic prison population. In addition, it examines how the Greenlandic welfare society has dealt with people before they wound up in institutions for delinquents.
Importmodellen i norsk fengselsvesen
Authors: Fridhov Inger Marie , Langelid Torfinn
Published: March 2020

Until 1969, the Norwegian Prison Service was itself responsible for providing health, educational and other services offered to inmates. This was referred to as the “self-sufficiency model”. In 1969, however, the Ministry of Education andResearch assumed financial and professional responsibility for the education of prisoners. This was the start of a process in which the responsibility for many services was transferred from the Ministry of Justice to the agencies that typicallyprovide these services to the general public. This reorganization was based on the ideology that a prison sentence should involve, as far as practically possible, no more than the deprivation of liberty. Ergo, other civil rights and entitlementsshould not be lost or restricted. Professor Nils Christie was a primus motor for this reorganization of prison operations, and it was he who coined the phrase “the import model”. The following article describes the implementation of theimport model from 1969 to the present and some of its consequences.
Norsk kronik 1998
Authors: Larsson Paul
Published: March 2020

Norsk kronik
Les archives dans les entreprises industrielles : le cas de Casavant Frères
Authors: Charuest Anne-Marie
Published: March 2020

À l’ère du tout numérique et des questionnements sur la pérennisation de la masse documentaire virtuelle au sein des entreprises, les archivistes spécialisés en documents historiques constatent qu’il existe très peu de fonds d’archives industrielles au Québec, peu importe le support (papier, analogique, etc.). Plusieurs entreprises, ayant contribué à l’essor économique des villes et des régions depuis la fin du XIXe siècle, ont fermé leurs portes pour de multiples raisons et leurs archives sont disparues. Il existe cependant des entreprises plus que centenaires toujours en exploitation. Ont-elles conservé leurs archives et, dans l’affirmative, sont-elles protégées ? Ces industries savent-elles comment empêcher, à l’avenir, la perte de ce patrimoine archivistique industriel ? Ce texte est le fruit de recherches menées en ce sens, dans le cadre d’une maîtrise en archivistique à l’Université Laval, qui s’est terminée par un stage de cinq cents heures chez Casavant Frères de Saint-Hyacinthe, le plus important facteur d’orgues à tuyaux toujours en activité sur le marché mondial, depuis sa fondation en 1879. Cette démarche a permis d’évaluer l’importance, en termes quantitatifs et qualitatifs, de la masse documentaire archivée depuis maintenant cent quarante ans, et de mieux saisir son utilité et son rôle dans les processus d’affaires. Néanmoins, des questions demeurent sans réponse relativement à la conservation adéquate de ces archives, ainsi qu’à l’absence de ressources humaines et financières pour assurer l’avenir de ce riche patrimoine industriel.
Décolonisation et réconciliation, les rôles institutionnels et personnels
Authors: Charbonneau Normand , Foisy-Geoffroy Dominique
Published: March 2020

S’appuyant sur les appels à l’action du rapport de la Commission de vérité et réconciliation du Canada, les institutions culturelles doivent faire évoluer leurs pratiques en lien avec le patrimoine autochtone et leurs relations avec les communautés autochtones. Ce texte présente le contexte ayant amené le Canada à remettre en question ses pratiques traditionnelles à cet égard et à s’engager sur la voie de la décolonisation et de la réconciliation. Il présente en outre les enjeux juridiques et moraux sous-jacents à cet effort, ainsi que la vision de Bibliothèque et Archives Canada qui le sous-tend.
Postcranial anatomy and histology ofSeymouria, and the terrestriality of seymouriamorphs
Authors: Bazzana Kayla D. , Gee Bryan M. , Bevitt Joseph J. , Reisz Robert R.
Published: March 2020

Seymouriais the best known of the seymouriamorphs, a group of Permo-Carboniferous reptiliomorphs with both terrestrial and aquatic taxa. The majority of research onSeymouriahas focused on cranial anatomy, with few detailed descriptions or illustrations of the postcrania. We utilized neutron computed tomography (nCT) and histological sampling to provide updated, detailed figures that clarify details of the postcranial anatomy and to assess the development and histology ofSeymouriathrough specimens from the early Permian Richards Spur locality. The correlation of morphological and histological data indicate rapid metamorphosis in this terrestrially capable stem amniote, with the youngest specimen being postmetamorphic despite being distinctly younger than premetamorphic individuals ofDiscosauriscus, the only other seymouriamorph to have been histologically sampled. The microanatomical data (e.g., semi-open medullary cavity) also substantiate the hypothesis thatSeymouriawas terrestrial based on interpretation of external features, although the persistence of a modestly developed medullary spongiosa in comparison to eitherDiscosauriscusor to other co-occurring terrestrial tetrapods suggests additional nuances that require further exploration. In the absence of clearly recognizable postmetamorphic stages in several seymouriamorph taxa, it is difficult to determine the evolutionary trajectory of terrestriality within the clade. Our analysis provides the first histological characterization of the life history ofSeymouriaand highlights the need for further study of seymouriamorph ontogeny.
Amendments to saline-sodic soils showed long-term effects on improving growth and yield of rice (Oryza sativaL.)
Authors: Zhao Dandan , Wang Zhichun , Yang Fan , Zhu Wendong , An Fenghua , Ma Hongyuan , Tóth Tibor , Liao Xu , Yang Hongtao , Zhang Lu
Published: March 2020

Background

Saline-sodic soils are widely distributed in arid and semi-arid regions around the world. High levels of salt and sodium inhibit the growth and development of crops. However, there has been limited reports on both osmotic potential in soil solutions (OPss) and characteristics of Na+and K+absorption in rice in saline-sodic soils under various amendments application.

Methods

A field experiment was conducted between 2009 and 2017 to analyze the influence of amendments addition to saline-sodic soils on rice growth and yield. Rice was grown in the soil with no amendment (CK), with desulfurization gypsum (DG), with sandy soil (SS), with farmyard manure (FM) and with the mixture of above amendments (M). The osmotic potential in soil solution, selective absorption of K+over Na+(SA), selective transport of K+over Na+(ST), the distribution of K+and Na+and yield components in rice plants were investigated.

Results

The results indicated that amendments application have positive effects on rice yield. The M treatment was the best among the tested amendments with the highest rice grain yield. M treatment increased the OPssvalues significantly to relieve the inhibition of the water uptake by plants. Additionally, the M treatment significantly enhanced K+concentration and impeded Na+accumulation in shoots. SA values were reduced while ST values were increased for all amendments. In conclusion, a mixture of desulfurization gypsum, sandy soil and farmyard manure was the best treatment for the improvement of rice growth and yield in the Songnen Plain, northeast China.
Upgradation of Existing Substation into a Smart Substation
Authors: Kumari Veena , Singh Preetinder
Published: March 2020

The evolution of existing grids to smart grids for power supply is technologically the most prominent research area. It is one of the hot projects considered to contribute in national economy, also at the top priority for the country and involves hefty investments, although the entire research and development area is still immature. The work in this paper describes smart substation and its components which is fully in compliance with IEC61850 standard. It demonstrates a functional architectural framework of smart substation with its three layers. This work compares both systems and proposes a new system in single line diagram. The way to the establishment of smart fully digitized substation is although just in the initial stage in India, but work on improvement must carry on to keep up in pace with the fast growing technology especially integration of information technology for the communication between different entities. This paper presents a model of power system in case of fault how a merging unit can send information with high speed Ethernet in the form of sampled value messages. Intelligent substation can consist of various smart equipments capable of functioning instantaneously replacing the huge web of copper wires with fibre optic cables. Hence Smart substation is the first step in the implementation of smart grid.
Characterization of Biochar Produced from Different Feed Stocks
Authors: Dejene Dereje , Tilahun Eyob
Published: March 2020

Imprudently disposed and burning of organic wastes have been causing environmental pollution and greenhouse gas emission. The objective of this study was to characterize the biochar produced from different agricultural wastes to explore its potential use as organic soil amendments. The feedstock derived from each of Eucalyptus globules (EG), Acacia decarance (AD), farm yard manure (FYM) and rice straw (RS) were collected and biochar was produced by slow pyrolysis at 300oC in the furnace. The determination of pH, carbon, phosphorus, cation exchange capacity, electrical conductivity and exchangeable basic cations of individual biochar was performed and statistical analyses carried out to compare the means values obtained. Higher carbon content was observed in biochar produced from AD (65.00%) compared with that of biochar produced from other feedstock types included in this study. pH value of Bbiochar produced from EG and RS were moderately acidic (pH 5.94) and neutral (pH 6.6), respectively, whereas biochar produced from AD (pH 8.07 and FYM (pH 8.17) revealed moderately alkaline pH level. High and low EC values were recorded in biochar produced from FYM (4.70 DS m-1) and the low value from EG (0.68 DS m-1), respectively. The maximum concentration of exchangeable magnesium (20.95%), potassium (16.40%) and sodium (1.77%), EC and phosphorous (2288.75 ppm) were testimony in biochar produced from FYM is potential to prove phosphorus fertilizer requirement of a crop but calcium (39.50%) was from biochar produced from AD. Higher CEC (129.75 cmolc kg-1) was detected in biochar produced from EG followed by biochar produced from RS (127.5 cmolc kg-1), AD (117 cmolc kg-1) and FYM (87.25 cmolc kg-1). Generally, the current finding revealed that biochar from different feedstock’s had different chemical properties, so this difference could contribute for soil fertility improvement as the result agricultural wastes is managed without pollution. But, the current work was limited to the characterization of biochar. So, more detailed investigation on the rate and reclaiming the power of the biochar and other issues should be investigated.