bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Data from Subsets of interferon signaling predict response to immune checkpoint blockade in melanoma patients
Authors: Horowitch Brooke , Lee Daniel Y. , Ding Min , Martinez-Morilla Sandra , Aung Thazin Nwe. , Ouerghi Feriel , Wang Xueting , Wei Wei , Damsky William , Sznol Mario , Kluger Harriet , Rimm David L. , Ishizuka Jeffrey
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Purpose: Interferon (IFN) signaling in the tumor microenvironment is a critical determinant of both response and resistance of cancer to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). We hypothesized that distinct patterns of IFN signaling in melanoma are associated with clinical response or resistance to ICIs. Experimental Design: Two Tissue Microarrays (TMAs) containing samples from 97 patients with metastatic melanoma who received nivolumab, pembrolizumab, or a combination of ipilimumab and nivolumab at Yale New Haven Hospital between 2011-2017 were randomized into discovery and validation cohorts. Samples were stained and visualized using multiplexed immunofluorescence microscopy for STAT1, STAT1 phosphorylated at Y701 (pSTAT1Y701), and PD-L1, and signals were quantified using the AQUA method of quantitative immunofluorescence. Treatment response was assessed using RECIST criteria, and overall survival was analyzed. For in vitro studies, human melanoma cell lines were stimulated with IFNγ and IFNβ, and Western blotting was performed. Results: Pre-treatment STAT1 levels were higher in responders to ICIs (CR/PR/SD for > 6 months) than in non-responders (SD < 6 months/PD). Higher pre-treatment STAT1 levels were associated with improved survival after ICIs in both the discovery and validation cohorts. Western blot analysis of human melanoma cell lines stimulated with IFN demonstrated distinct patterns of upregulation of STAT1 compared with pSTAT1Y701 and PD-L1. When combining STAT1 and PD-L1 markers, patients with STAT1highPD-L1low tumors had improved survival compared with those with STAT1lowPD-L1high tumors. >Conclusions: STAT1 may better predict melanoma response to ICIs than current strategies, and combined STAT1 and PD-L1 biomarkers may provide insight into IFN-responsive versus IFN-resistant states.
Data from Programming CAR T Cell Tumor Recognition: Tuned Antigen Sensing and Logic Gating
Authors: Hamieh Mohamad , Mansilla-Soto Jorge , Rivière Isabelle , Sadelain Michel
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The success of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells targeting B-cell malignancies propelled the field of synthetic immunology and raised hopes to treat solid tumors in a similar fashion. Antigen escape and the paucity of tumor-restricted CAR targets are recognized challenges to fulfilling this prospect. Recent advances in CAR T cell engineering extend the toolbox of chimeric receptors available to calibrate antigen sensitivity and combine receptors to create adapted tumor-sensing T cells. Emerging engineering strategies to lower the threshold for effective antigen recognition, when needed, and enable composite antigen recognition hold great promise for overcoming tumor heterogeneity and curbing off-tumor toxicities.
Significance:
Improving the clinical efficacy of CAR T cell therapies will require engineering T cells that overcome heterogeneous and low-abundance target expression while minimizing reactivity to normal tissues. Recent advances in CAR design and logic gating are poised to extend the success of CAR T cell therapies beyond B-cell malignancies.
Fig. S6 from Tumor-infiltrating Leukocyte Profiling Defines Three Immune Subtypes of NSCLC with Distinct Signaling Pathways and Genetic Alterations
Authors: Aoki Kazunori , Nishito Yukari , Motoi Noriko , Arai Yasuhito , Hiraoka Nobuyoshi , Shibata Tatsuhiro , Sonobe Yukiko , Kayukawa Yoko , Hashimoto Eri , Takahashi Mina , Fujii Etsuko , Nishizawa Takashi , Fukuda Hironori , Ohashi Kana , Arai Kosuke , Mizoguchi Yukihiro , Yoshida Yukihiro , Watanabe Shun-ichi , Yamashita Makiko , Kitano Shigehisa , Sakamoto Hiromi , Nagata Yuki , Mitsumori Risa , Ozaki Kouichi , Niida Shumpei , Kanai Yae , Hirayama Akiyoshi , Soga Tomoyoshi , Maruyama Toru , Tsukada Keisuke , Yabuki Nami , Shimada Mei , Kitazawa Takehisa , Natori Osamu , Sawada Noriaki , Kato Atsuhiko , Yoshida Teruhiko , Yasuda Kazuki , Mizuno Hideaki , Tsunoda Hiroyuki , Ochiai Atsushi
Published: June 2023

Relationship between the number of immune cell types and clinicopathological factors. Cells in the matrix represent the 1-Pearson correlation coefficient between cell density of the indicated immune cell composition and clinicopathological factors in LUAD (left) and LUSQ (right). * p<0.05.
Fig. S5 from Tumor-infiltrating Leukocyte Profiling Defines Three Immune Subtypes of NSCLC with Distinct Signaling Pathways and Genetic Alterations
Authors: Aoki Kazunori , Nishito Yukari , Motoi Noriko , Arai Yasuhito , Hiraoka Nobuyoshi , Shibata Tatsuhiro , Sonobe Yukiko , Kayukawa Yoko , Hashimoto Eri , Takahashi Mina , Fujii Etsuko , Nishizawa Takashi , Fukuda Hironori , Ohashi Kana , Arai Kosuke , Mizoguchi Yukihiro , Yoshida Yukihiro , Watanabe Shun-ichi , Yamashita Makiko , Kitano Shigehisa , Sakamoto Hiromi , Nagata Yuki , Mitsumori Risa , Ozaki Kouichi , Niida Shumpei , Kanai Yae , Hirayama Akiyoshi , Soga Tomoyoshi , Maruyama Toru , Tsukada Keisuke , Yabuki Nami , Shimada Mei , Kitazawa Takehisa , Natori Osamu , Sawada Noriaki , Kato Atsuhiko , Yoshida Teruhiko , Yasuda Kazuki , Mizuno Hideaki , Tsunoda Hiroyuki , Ochiai Atsushi
Published: June 2023

Relation of immune cell types with WHO classification. LUAD (n=82) (lepidic; n=2, acinar; n=7, papillary; n=39, micropapillary; n=11, solid; n=15, IMA; n=8) and LUSQ (n=50) (non-keratinizing; n=6, keratinizing; n=42, basaloid; n=2). (a–d) �45 of immune cell type (a), �4 of CD4+ T cell subset (b), �8 of CD8+ T cell subset (c), and %myeloid of myeloid cell type (d) are presented following the WHO classification of LUAD and LUSQ. ns; not significant. * p<0.05. **P<0.01. ***P<0.001.
Fig. S4 from Tumor-infiltrating Leukocyte Profiling Defines Three Immune Subtypes of NSCLC with Distinct Signaling Pathways and Genetic Alterations
Authors: Aoki Kazunori , Nishito Yukari , Motoi Noriko , Arai Yasuhito , Hiraoka Nobuyoshi , Shibata Tatsuhiro , Sonobe Yukiko , Kayukawa Yoko , Hashimoto Eri , Takahashi Mina , Fujii Etsuko , Nishizawa Takashi , Fukuda Hironori , Ohashi Kana , Arai Kosuke , Mizoguchi Yukihiro , Yoshida Yukihiro , Watanabe Shun-ichi , Yamashita Makiko , Kitano Shigehisa , Sakamoto Hiromi , Nagata Yuki , Mitsumori Risa , Ozaki Kouichi , Niida Shumpei , Kanai Yae , Hirayama Akiyoshi , Soga Tomoyoshi , Maruyama Toru , Tsukada Keisuke , Yabuki Nami , Shimada Mei , Kitazawa Takehisa , Natori Osamu , Sawada Noriaki , Kato Atsuhiko , Yoshida Teruhiko , Yasuda Kazuki , Mizuno Hideaki , Tsunoda Hiroyuki , Ochiai Atsushi
Published: June 2023

Relation of immune cell types with histological grade. LUAD (n=77) (well differentiated; n=2, moderately differentiated; n=41, poorly differentiated; n=34) and LUSQ (n=50) (well differentiated; n=8, moderately differentiated; n=32, poorly differentiated; n=10). (a–d) �45 of immune cell type (a), �4 of CD4+ T cell subset (b), �8 of CD8+ T cell subset (c), and %myeloid of myeloid cell type (d) are presented in well, moderately, and poorly differentiated LUAD and LUSQ. (e) �4 of CTLA-4+ eTregs in LUAD and LUSQ. (f) �8 of PD-1+ and PD-L1+ CM CD8+ T cells in LUAD and LUSQ. ns; not significant. * p<0.05. **P<0.01.
Fig. S3 from Tumor-infiltrating Leukocyte Profiling Defines Three Immune Subtypes of NSCLC with Distinct Signaling Pathways and Genetic Alterations
Authors: Aoki Kazunori , Nishito Yukari , Motoi Noriko , Arai Yasuhito , Hiraoka Nobuyoshi , Shibata Tatsuhiro , Sonobe Yukiko , Kayukawa Yoko , Hashimoto Eri , Takahashi Mina , Fujii Etsuko , Nishizawa Takashi , Fukuda Hironori , Ohashi Kana , Arai Kosuke , Mizoguchi Yukihiro , Yoshida Yukihiro , Watanabe Shun-ichi , Yamashita Makiko , Kitano Shigehisa , Sakamoto Hiromi , Nagata Yuki , Mitsumori Risa , Ozaki Kouichi , Niida Shumpei , Kanai Yae , Hirayama Akiyoshi , Soga Tomoyoshi , Maruyama Toru , Tsukada Keisuke , Yabuki Nami , Shimada Mei , Kitazawa Takehisa , Natori Osamu , Sawada Noriaki , Kato Atsuhiko , Yoshida Teruhiko , Yasuda Kazuki , Mizuno Hideaki , Tsunoda Hiroyuki , Ochiai Atsushi
Published: June 2023

Number of each immune cell type, CD4+ T cell subset, and CD8 T+ cell subset by FCM from lung cancer and NATs. (a) Cell density of each immune cell type. Data are presented as the number of indicated immune cells per gram of NAT, LUAD, LUSQ, and other types of lung cancer tissues. (b, c) Density of CD4+ T cell subset (b) and CD8+ T cell subset (c). ns; not significant. * p<0.05. **P<0.01. ***P<0.001. ****P<0.0001.
Fig. S16 from Tumor-infiltrating Leukocyte Profiling Defines Three Immune Subtypes of NSCLC with Distinct Signaling Pathways and Genetic Alterations
Authors: Aoki Kazunori , Nishito Yukari , Motoi Noriko , Arai Yasuhito , Hiraoka Nobuyoshi , Shibata Tatsuhiro , Sonobe Yukiko , Kayukawa Yoko , Hashimoto Eri , Takahashi Mina , Fujii Etsuko , Nishizawa Takashi , Fukuda Hironori , Ohashi Kana , Arai Kosuke , Mizoguchi Yukihiro , Yoshida Yukihiro , Watanabe Shun-ichi , Yamashita Makiko , Kitano Shigehisa , Sakamoto Hiromi , Nagata Yuki , Mitsumori Risa , Ozaki Kouichi , Niida Shumpei , Kanai Yae , Hirayama Akiyoshi , Soga Tomoyoshi , Maruyama Toru , Tsukada Keisuke , Yabuki Nami , Shimada Mei , Kitazawa Takehisa , Natori Osamu , Sawada Noriaki , Kato Atsuhiko , Yoshida Teruhiko , Yasuda Kazuki , Mizuno Hideaki , Tsunoda Hiroyuki , Ochiai Atsushi
Published: June 2023

Boxplot showing the total number of non-synonymous mutations in respective immune subtypes. Non-synonymous mutations were calculated from WES data. ns; not significant.
Fig. S15 from Tumor-infiltrating Leukocyte Profiling Defines Three Immune Subtypes of NSCLC with Distinct Signaling Pathways and Genetic Alterations
Authors: Aoki Kazunori , Nishito Yukari , Motoi Noriko , Arai Yasuhito , Hiraoka Nobuyoshi , Shibata Tatsuhiro , Sonobe Yukiko , Kayukawa Yoko , Hashimoto Eri , Takahashi Mina , Fujii Etsuko , Nishizawa Takashi , Fukuda Hironori , Ohashi Kana , Arai Kosuke , Mizoguchi Yukihiro , Yoshida Yukihiro , Watanabe Shun-ichi , Yamashita Makiko , Kitano Shigehisa , Sakamoto Hiromi , Nagata Yuki , Mitsumori Risa , Ozaki Kouichi , Niida Shumpei , Kanai Yae , Hirayama Akiyoshi , Soga Tomoyoshi , Maruyama Toru , Tsukada Keisuke , Yabuki Nami , Shimada Mei , Kitazawa Takehisa , Natori Osamu , Sawada Noriaki , Kato Atsuhiko , Yoshida Teruhiko , Yasuda Kazuki , Mizuno Hideaki , Tsunoda Hiroyuki , Ochiai Atsushi
Published: June 2023

Hazard ratios with deviation for specific signatures detected in the myeloid subtype of LUAD. The relationship between increased and decreased expression of signatures and event-free survival using transcriptome data from TCGA NSCLC was plotted. (a) hallmark gene set. (b) GO set.
Fig. S14 from Tumor-infiltrating Leukocyte Profiling Defines Three Immune Subtypes of NSCLC with Distinct Signaling Pathways and Genetic Alterations
Authors: Aoki Kazunori , Nishito Yukari , Motoi Noriko , Arai Yasuhito , Hiraoka Nobuyoshi , Shibata Tatsuhiro , Sonobe Yukiko , Kayukawa Yoko , Hashimoto Eri , Takahashi Mina , Fujii Etsuko , Nishizawa Takashi , Fukuda Hironori , Ohashi Kana , Arai Kosuke , Mizoguchi Yukihiro , Yoshida Yukihiro , Watanabe Shun-ichi , Yamashita Makiko , Kitano Shigehisa , Sakamoto Hiromi , Nagata Yuki , Mitsumori Risa , Ozaki Kouichi , Niida Shumpei , Kanai Yae , Hirayama Akiyoshi , Soga Tomoyoshi , Maruyama Toru , Tsukada Keisuke , Yabuki Nami , Shimada Mei , Kitazawa Takehisa , Natori Osamu , Sawada Noriaki , Kato Atsuhiko , Yoshida Teruhiko , Yasuda Kazuki , Mizuno Hideaki , Tsunoda Hiroyuki , Ochiai Atsushi
Published: June 2023

Activated and suppressed pathways identified by GSEA with GO gene set in respective immune subtypes. (a, b) Heatmap representing top scored pathways enriched in genes showing commonly increased and decreased expression in respective immune subtypes in LUAD (a) and LUSQ (b). Top signaling pathways for genes showing increased expression are presented in red and those for genes showing decreased expression are presented in blue. (c, d) Running enrichment score with GO gene set of blood vessel morphogenesis, epidermis development, keratinocyte differentiation, and T cell activation signatures as the activated pathways in respective immune subtypes of LUAD (c) and LUSQ (d).
Fig. S1 from Tumor-infiltrating Leukocyte Profiling Defines Three Immune Subtypes of NSCLC with Distinct Signaling Pathways and Genetic Alterations
Authors: Aoki Kazunori , Nishito Yukari , Motoi Noriko , Arai Yasuhito , Hiraoka Nobuyoshi , Shibata Tatsuhiro , Sonobe Yukiko , Kayukawa Yoko , Hashimoto Eri , Takahashi Mina , Fujii Etsuko , Nishizawa Takashi , Fukuda Hironori , Ohashi Kana , Arai Kosuke , Mizoguchi Yukihiro , Yoshida Yukihiro , Watanabe Shun-ichi , Yamashita Makiko , Kitano Shigehisa , Sakamoto Hiromi , Nagata Yuki , Mitsumori Risa , Ozaki Kouichi , Niida Shumpei , Kanai Yae , Hirayama Akiyoshi , Soga Tomoyoshi , Maruyama Toru , Tsukada Keisuke , Yabuki Nami , Shimada Mei , Kitazawa Takehisa , Natori Osamu , Sawada Noriaki , Kato Atsuhiko , Yoshida Teruhiko , Yasuda Kazuki , Mizuno Hideaki , Tsunoda Hiroyuki , Ochiai Atsushi
Published: June 2023

The number of patients and analyses in LUAD and LUSQ. The immunohistochemistry of tissue microarray, whole exome sequencing, TCR repertoire analysis, and metabolome analysis were performed in the cases FCM was conducted.
FIGURE 5 from Tumor-infiltrating Leukocyte Profiling Defines Three Immune Subtypes of NSCLC with Distinct Signaling Pathways and Genetic Alterations
Authors: Aoki Kazunori , Nishito Yukari , Motoi Noriko , Arai Yasuhito , Hiraoka Nobuyoshi , Shibata Tatsuhiro , Sonobe Yukiko , Kayukawa Yoko , Hashimoto Eri , Takahashi Mina , Fujii Etsuko , Nishizawa Takashi , Fukuda Hironori , Ohashi Kana , Arai Kosuke , Mizoguchi Yukihiro , Yoshida Yukihiro , Watanabe Shun-ichi , Yamashita Makiko , Kitano Shigehisa , Sakamoto Hiromi , Nagata Yuki , Mitsumori Risa , Ozaki Kouichi , Niida Shumpei , Kanai Yae , Hirayama Akiyoshi , Soga Tomoyoshi , Maruyama Toru , Tsukada Keisuke , Yabuki Nami , Shimada Mei , Kitazawa Takehisa , Natori Osamu , Sawada Noriaki , Kato Atsuhiko , Yoshida Teruhiko , Yasuda Kazuki , Mizuno Hideaki , Tsunoda Hiroyuki , Ochiai Atsushi
Published: June 2023

Activated and suppressed pathways identified by GSEA using the hallmark gene set in immune subtypes. A and B, Heat maps representing top scored pathways enriched in genes with expression increased and decreased in common in LUAD (A) and LUSQ (B). C and D, Top signatures of pathways with increased expression are shown in red; those for genes with decreased expression are shown in blue. Running enrichment scores for glycolysis, IFNα, IFNγ, K-ras signaling, and TGFβ signaling signatures as commonly activated pathways in immune subtypes of LUAD (C) and LUSQ (D).
FIGURE 1 from Tumor-infiltrating Leukocyte Profiling Defines Three Immune Subtypes of NSCLC with Distinct Signaling Pathways and Genetic Alterations
Authors: Aoki Kazunori , Nishito Yukari , Motoi Noriko , Arai Yasuhito , Hiraoka Nobuyoshi , Shibata Tatsuhiro , Sonobe Yukiko , Kayukawa Yoko , Hashimoto Eri , Takahashi Mina , Fujii Etsuko , Nishizawa Takashi , Fukuda Hironori , Ohashi Kana , Arai Kosuke , Mizoguchi Yukihiro , Yoshida Yukihiro , Watanabe Shun-ichi , Yamashita Makiko , Kitano Shigehisa , Sakamoto Hiromi , Nagata Yuki , Mitsumori Risa , Ozaki Kouichi , Niida Shumpei , Kanai Yae , Hirayama Akiyoshi , Soga Tomoyoshi , Maruyama Toru , Tsukada Keisuke , Yabuki Nami , Shimada Mei , Kitazawa Takehisa , Natori Osamu , Sawada Noriaki , Kato Atsuhiko , Yoshida Teruhiko , Yasuda Kazuki , Mizuno Hideaki , Tsunoda Hiroyuki , Ochiai Atsushi
Published: June 2023

Immune cell compositions in LUAD and LUSQ; NAT (n = 157), LUAD (n = 85), LUSQ (n = 50), other types of lung cancer (n = 21). A, Percentages of immune cells per CD45+ cells (�45) in NSCLC and NATs. B, Percentages of CD4+ T-cell subsets per total CD4+ T cells for LUAD and LUSQ. C, Percentages of CD8+ T-cell subsets per total CD8+ T cells. D, Percentages of myeloid cell subsets per total myeloid cells. E and F, Relationships of immune cell types to clinicopathologic factors. Cells in the matrix represent log10 (Kruskal–Wallis P value) between �45 of immune cell compositions and clinicopathologic factors in LUAD (E) and LUSQ (F). Heat maps showing Spearman correlations between 23 immune cell types. Cell populations were clustered using hierarchical clustering in LUAD (G) and LUSQ (H).
Assessment of Comfort during Less Invasive Surfactant Administration in Very Preterm Infants: A Multicenter Study
Authors: Pichler Karin , Kuehne Benjamin , Dekker Janneke , Stummer Sophie , Giordano Vito , Berger Angelika , Kribs Angela , Klebermass-Schrehof Katrin
Published: June 2023

Introduction: This study was set up to investigate if and to what extent non-pharmacological analgesia is able to provide comfort to very preterm infants (VPI) during less invasive surfactant administration (LISA). Methods: This was a prospective non-randomized multicenter observational study performed in level IV NICUs. Inborn VPI with a gestational age between 220/7 and 316/7 weeks, signs of respiratory distress syndrome, and the need for surfactant replacement were included. Non-pharmacological analgesia was performed in all infants during LISA. In case of failure of the first LISA attempt, additional analgosedation could be administered. COMFORTneo scores during LISA were assessed. Results: 113 VPI with a mean gestational age of 27 weeks (+/− 2.3 weeks) and mean birth weight of 946 g (+/− 33 g) were included. LISA was successful at the first laryngoscopy attempt in 81%. COMFORTneo scores were highest during laryngoscopy. At this time point, non-pharmacological analgesia provided adequate comfort in 61% of the infants. 74.4% of lower gestational aged infants (i.e., 220–266 weeks) were within the comfort zone during laryngoscopy compared to 51.6% of higher gestational aged infants (i.e., 270–320 weeks) (p = 0.016). The time point of surfactant administration did not influence the COMFORTneo scores during the LISA procedure. Conclusion: Non-pharmacological analgesia provided comfort in as much as 61% of the included VPI during LISA. Further research is needed to both develop strategies to identify infants who, despite receiving non-pharmacological analgesia, are at high risk for experiencing discomfort during LISA and define patient-tailored dosage and choice of analgosedative drugs.
Psychological, Social, and Economic Burden of COVID-19: A Comparison of Polish and Portuguese Young Adults
Authors: Frączek Sylwia , Ferreira Lara Noronha
Published: June 2023

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has affected all societies, and its effects relate not only to physical health but also to mental health, social relations, and the economic situation of the population all over the world. This research aims at studying the perceptions of changes during the COVID-19 pandemic in mental health, economic situation, and social relations among Polish and Portuguese young. The present study also sought to assess the perception of change during the pandemic in health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among Polish and Portuguese young adults. Methods: A sample of young adults (aged 18–29) from Poland (n = 330) and Portugal (n = 189) filled in an online questionnaire composed of the EQ-5D-5L, some questions from the SHARE COVID-19 questionnaire regarding mental health, social relations, and economic situation, and sociodemographic details. Descriptive analyses, χ2 tests, Student’s t test, and Fisher’s exact test were used to study the existence of differences between Poles and Portuguese. Results: Almost 2 years after the beginning of the pandemic, Polish and Portuguese respondents reported a perceived lower level of HRQoL in comparison to the times before the outbreak of COVID-19. Both Polish and Portuguese respondents perceived an increase in sleeping problems since the outbreak and in loneliness. Respondents from both countries reported a perception of a decrease in the frequency of meeting other people and a perceived economic deterioration. Conclusion: The results indicate what factors are contributing to the worsening of the general living situation of the respondents and show that governments and health authorities should, in addition to the medical consequences of the virus, take the necessary measures to mitigate the long-term consequences of the virus. Authorities should, as well, pay special attention to the group of young adults who, in this uncertain time, are trying to make the most important decisions for their development.
MPA-ILD: Eine seltene Manifestation mit schwieriger Diagnose
Authors: Drakopanagiotakis Fotios , Günther Andreas
Published: June 2023

Background: Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a significant complication associated with microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) that has a poor prognosis. However, the longterm clinical course, outcomes, and prognostic factors of MPA-ILD are not well defined. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the long-term clinical course, outcomes, and prognostic factors in patients with MPA-ILD. Methods: Clinical data of 39 patients with MPA-ILD (biopsy proven cases, n = 6) were retrospectively analyzed. High resolution computed tomography (HRCT) patterns were assessed based on the 2018 idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis diagnostic criteria. Acute exacerbation (AE) was defined as the worsening of dyspnea within 30 days, with new bilateral lung infiltration that is not fully explained by heart failure or fluid overload and that does not have identified extra-parenchymal causes (pneumothorax, pleural effusion, or pulmonary embolism). Results: The median follow-up period was 72.0 months (interquartile range: 44–117 months). The mean age of the patients was 62.7 years and 59.0% were male. Usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) and probable usual interstitial pneumonia patterns on high resolution computed tomography were identified in 61.5 and 17.9% of the patients, respectively. During the follow-up, 51.3% of patients died, and the 5- and 10-year overall survival rates were 73.5% and 42.0%, respectively. Acute exacerbation occurred in 17.9% of the patients. The non-survivors had higher neutrophil counts in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid and more frequent acute exacerbation than the survivors. In the multivariable Cox analysis, older age (hazard ratio [HR], 1.07; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.01–1.14; p = 0.028) and higher BAL counts (HR, 1.09; 95% CI, 1.01–1.17; p = 0.015) were found to be the independent prognostic factors associated with mortality in patients with MPA-ILD. Conclusion: During the 6 years-follow-up, about half of patients with MPA-ILD died and approximately one-fifth experienced acute exacerbation. Our results suggest that older age and higher BAL neutrophil counts mean poor prognosis in patients with MPA-ILD.
Reacting, Sharing, and Commenting: How Many Facebook Users Are Engaging with Posts Related to Dental Caries That Contain Misinformation?
Authors: Remiro Mariana Olimpio dos Santos , Jorge Olivia Santana , Lotto Matheus , Lourenço Neto Natalino , Machado Maria Aparecida Andrade Moreira , Cruvinel Thiago
Published: June 2023

Recent studies have been concerned about the vast amount of misinformation detected on social media that directly hampers the prevention and control of chronic diseases. Based on these facts, the aim of this study was to identify and characterize misinformation about dental caries-related content found on Facebook, regarding the predictive factors of user interaction with posts. Then, CrowdTangle retrieved 2,436 posts published in English, ordered by the total interaction of the highest users. A total of 1,936 posts were selected for inclusion and exclusion criteria to select a sample of 500 posts. Subsequently, two independent investigators characterized the posts by their time of publication, author’s profile, motivation, the aim of content, content facticity, and sentiment. The statistical analysis was performed using Mann-Whitney U and χ2 tests and multiple logistic regression models to determine differences and associations between dichotomized characteristics. p values <0.05 were considered significant. In general, posts were predominantly originated from the USA (74.8%), related to business profiles (89%), presented preventive content (58.6%), and noncommercial motivation (91.6%). Furthermore, misinformation was detected in 40.8% of the posts and was positively associated with positive sentiment (OR = 3.43), business profile (OR = 2.22), and treatment of dental caries (OR = 1.60). While the total interaction was only positively associated with misinformation (OR = 1.44), the overperforming score was associated with posts from the business profile (OR = 5.67), older publications (OR = 1.57), and positive sentiment (OR = 0.66). In conclusion, misinformation was the unique predictive factor of increased user interaction with dental caries-related posts on Facebook. However, it did not predict the performance of the diffusion of posts such as business profiles, older publications, and negative/neutral sentiment. Therefore, it is essential to promote the development of specific policies toward good quality information on social media, which includes the production of adequate materials, the increase of the critical sense of consuming health content, and information filtering mediated by digital solutions.
NSCLC: irHPC-Scoring-System zur Vorhersage des Ansprechens auf neoadjuvante Immuntherapie
Authors: Möller Miriam , Schütte Wolfgang
Published: June 2023

Background: Although neoadjuvant anti-PD-1 immunotherapies have shown good efficacy in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients, there is still a lack of effective predictive markers. We aimed to develop a pretreatment histologic scoring system to predict the efficacy of neoadjuvant immunotherapy. Methods: One hundred forty NSCLC cases were evaluated in this study. Initially, surgical specimens from 31 squamous cell lung cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant anti-PD-1 therapy and their eligible paired pretreatment biopsies were used for pathologic evaluation and developing the pretreatment scoring system, immune-related histologic phenotype assessment criteria (irHPC). Three trained pathologists independently scored the haematoxylineosin (HE) slides of the pretreatment tumour biopsies according to irHPC. The follow-up was from 07 March 2018 to 31 December 2021, mainly focusing on disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). Second, 109 biopsies of lung squamous cell carcinoma were evaluated to explore the relationship between eosinophils and PD-L1 expression. Results: Superior 2-year DFS rates and 2-year OS rates were observed in patients who achieved major pathologic response (MPR) (MPR vs. non-MPR: 92.9% vs. 78.6%; 100.0% vs. 93.3%). Whether necrosis was included in the calculation of the per cent of residual viable tumour (%RVT) or not had almost no effect on the consistency of pathologic assessment and the histological response grouping. The interpathologist variability in assessing %RVT with immuneactivated phenotype was not statistically significant (P = 0.480). Four immune-related features of pretreatment biopsies were included for calculating the predictive score. The trained pathologist accurately predicted most cases according to irHPC. For interobserver reproducibility using «2 points» as the cutoff, the overall per cent agreement was 77.8%. The reliability between pathologists for a binary tumour evaluation showed «moderate» agreement (κ = 0.54). Patients with scores ≥ 2 points tended to have better 2-year DFS rates and 2-year OS rates than those with scores < 2 points (85.7% vs. 71.4%; 100.0% vs. 87.5%).
Results of Salt Intake Restriction Monitored with the New Sodium Control Biosensor
Authors: Maduell Francisco , Cholbi Ester , Morantes Laura , Escudero-Saiz Víctor Joaquín , Ollé Júlia , Martínez-Chillarón Marta , Rodas Lida Maria , Rodríguez-Espinosa Diana , Arias-Guillen Marta , Vera Manel , Fontseré Néstor , Broseta José Jesús
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Adherence to a low-sodium (Na) diet is crucial in patients under hemodialysis, as it improves cardiovascular outcomes and reduces thirst and interdialytic weight gain. Recommended salt intake is lower than 5 g/day. The new 6008 CAREsystem monitors incorporate a Na module that offers the advantage of estimating patients’ salt intake. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of dietary Na restriction for 1 week, monitored with the Na biosensor. Methods: A prospective study was conducted in 48 patients who maintained their usual dialysis parameters and were dialyzed with a 6008 CAREsystem monitor with activation of the Na module. Total Na balance, pre-/post-dialysis weight, serum Na (sNa), changes in pre- to post-dialysis sNa (ΔsNa), diffusive balance, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure were compared twice, once after 1 week of patients’ usual Na diet and again after another week with more restricted Na intake. Results: Restricted Na intake increased the percentage of patients on a low-Na diet (<85 Na mmol/day) from 8% to 44%. Average daily Na intake decreased from 149 ± 54 to 95 ± 49 mmol, and interdialytic weight gain was reduced by 460 ± 484 g per session. More restricted Na intake also decreased pre-dialysis sNa and increased both intradialytic diffusive balance and ΔsNa. In hypertensive patients, reducing daily Na by more than 3 g Na/day lowered their systolic blood pressure. Conclusions: The new Na module allowed objective monitoring of Na intake, which in turn could permit more precise personalized dietary recommendations in patients under hemodialysis.
Öwawe Hoibaré/Rio das Mortes Vivo
Authors: Ferraz Ana Lucia
Published: June 2023

A série de vídeos Öwawe Hoibaré compõe-se de episódios nos quais se documentam as relações dos povos A’uwé Xavante com o Rio das Mortes, em um contexto em que o projeto de uma hidrelétrica é apresentado aos a’uwé por uma empresa gigante do agronegócio brasileiro.
Em busca da música: sobre os usos da câmera como caderno de campo em O Som dos Pássaros
Authors: Sanfelicio Marianna Knothe
Published: June 2023

O texto apresenta uma resenha do filme experimental O Som dos Pássaros, realizado pela antropóloga Kelen Pessuto. As filmagens foram feitas no âmbito de seu trabalho de campo do doutorado, em 2014, na Turquia. Propõe-se aqui que o filme transita entre diferentes categorias, sendo possível classificá-lo também como documentário e como diário de campo visual e sonoro. Trata-se, assim, de um filme que existe entre as fronteiras destes conceitos, assim como o povo curdo, que existe, sem Estado, entre fronteiras. A impossibilidade do campo pretendido originalmente levou Pessuto a buscar outras possibilidades de estar junto aos curdos. Esta abertura para outro campo possível, por sua vez, levou-a a encontrar um novo universo sonoro, que ela mostra ao espectador durante toda a duração do filme. Esta música, enraizada na identidade curda, é encontrada no espaço do dengbêj.
Acceleration of the Development of Microcirculation Embolism in the Brain due to Capillary Narrowing
Authors: Murata Juri , Unekawa Miyuki , Kudo Yuya , Kotani Maho , Kanno Iwao , Izawa Yoshikane , Tomita Yutaka , Tanaka Kenji F. , Nakahara Jin , Masamoto Kazuto
Published: June 2023

BACKGROUND:

Cerebral microvascular obstruction is critically involved in recurrent stroke and decreased cerebral blood flow with age. The obstruction must occur in the capillary with a greater resistance to perfusion pressure through the microvascular networks. However, little is known about the relationship between capillary size and embolism formation. This study aimed to determine whether the capillary lumen space contributes to the development of microcirculation embolism.

METHODS:

To spatiotemporally manipulate capillary diameters in vivo, transgenic mice expressing the light-gated cation channel protein ChR2 (channelrhodopsin-2) in mural cells were used. The spatiotemporal changes in the regional cerebral blood flow in response to the photoactivation of ChR2 mural cells were first characterized using laser speckle flowgraphy. Capillary responses to optimized photostimulation were then examined in vivo using 2-photon microscopy. Finally, microcirculation embolism due to intravenously injected fluorescent microbeads was compared under conditions with or without photoactivation of ChR2 mural cells.

RESULTS:

Following transcranial photostimulation, the stimulation intensity-dependent decrease in cerebral blood flow centered at the irradiation was observed (14%–49% decreases relative to the baseline). The cerebrovascular response to photostimulation showed significant constriction of the cerebral arteries and capillaries but not of the veins. As a result of vasoconstriction, a temporal stall of red blood cell flow occurred in the capillaries of the venous sides. The 2-photon excitation of a single ChR2 pericyte demonstrated the partial shrinkage of capillaries (7% relative to the baseline) around the stimulated cell. With the intravenous injection of microbeads, the occurrence of microcirculation embolism was significantly enhanced (11% increases compared to the control) with photostimulation.

CONCLUSIONS:

Capillary narrowing increases the risk of developing microcirculation embolism in the venous sides of the cerebral capillaries.
Introduction to Notes for Wavelength
Authors: Turvey Malcolm
Published: June 2023

Longtime readers of October hardly need reminding that artist Michael Snow, who passed away in January 2023 at the age of ninety-four, was of singular importance to our journal, and especially to one of our founding editors, Annette Michelson. Michelson's first article devoted exclusively to a North American filmmaker “of the independent persuasion” was about Snow and especially his film Wavelength (1967), and this film in many ways exemplified the advanced art of the late 1960s and ‘70s that October was founded, in part, to defend and champion: art that was perceived as analytic rather than expressive; that expanded its medium even while hyperbolizing its defining conventions; that foregrounded temporality and duration; and that prompted cognitive reflection on the viewer's part about their phenomenological experience of the work and its possible sociopolitical ramifications.1 (In retrospect, the film is also notable for its humor, which, while not addressed in much depth at the time, was partly informed by the Duchampian legacy of puns and wordplay, often involving the titles of works, that also influenced October and its early canon of artists. Humor was to remain a major, but underappreciated, feature of Snow's work.)

Snow first appeared in October in issue No. 4 (Autumn 1977), with his “Notes for Rameau's Nephew,” about his film Rameau's Nephew by Diderot (Thanx to Dennis Young) by Wilma Schoen (1974), his contribution to the so-called New Talkie of the 1970s.2 The same issue contained an article by critic Amy Taubin, who had acted in Wavelength, about an exhibition of Snow's photographs at MoMA.3 Almost two years later, Michelson published in these pages her second major text on Snow, “About Snow,” in which she revisited Wavelength, but this time through the lens of a more politicized and psychoanalytically inflected version of phenomenology, which she took from French film theorist Jean-Louis Baudry.4 Now, according to Michelson, the film affirms the spectator as “transcendental subject” by offering a “gratifying confirmation of a threatened sovereignty” to audiences, something that is even more true, Michelson argued, of Snow's film La région centrale (1970).5 Snow would feature in many subsequent essays published in the journal, including in a cluster of texts devoted to his work in issue No. 114 in 2005, among which was an interview with Snow conducted by Michelson about his work in music.6 He was also the subject of an October Files (No. 24) co-edited by Michelson and Kenneth White.
A Conversation with Sergei Loznitsa
Authors: Frodon Jean-Michel
Published: June 2023

Film critic and scholar Jean-Michel Frodon interviews Ukrainian filmmaker about his career, beginning with his training in mathematics and science (and the surprising connections between math and movies), his training at Russian film school, his relationship with various of his teachers, how he finances his films, and of course the films themselves, including Train Stop, My Joy, Blockade, Mr. Landsbergis, The Natural History Of Destruction, Maidan, Reflection, Austerlitz, In the Fog, A Gentle Creature, Donbass, and Babi Yarr Context.
A Monochrome at Ukkusissaq: Pia Arke's Home-Rule Earthworks
Authors: Norman David W.
Published: June 2023

In 1988, the Greenlandic Inuk and Danish artist Pia Arke and her Danish partner, Michael Petersen, painted two monochrome squares: one atop a mountain overlooking the capital of Kalaallit Nunaat (Greenland), another in central Copenhagen. The earthworks are anomalous to both artists' oeuvres, yet in this essay, I propose that their iterative structure and enigmatic form provide a lens through which to reassess the development of Arke's early career. In addition to establishing continuity between her views on painting and photography, and on both media's relations to land, the project's fragmented site-specificity evokes larger, representational challenges within the struggle for Inuit self-determination in Kalaallit Nunaat. Identical in material and scale yet marked by undeniable, site-specific differences, the earthworks prompt reflection on the increasingly opaque forms colonial power adopted in response to growing demands for Indigenous sovereignty. This essay, in turn, argues for understanding Arke's cultivation of opaque form in the late 1980s and early 1990s as a response to these political contradictions.
On Peter Weibel
Authors: Koerner Joseph Leo
Published: June 2023

He was always the youngest in the group. In 1966, the core participants in what he—with Valie Export—would later dub “Viennese Actionism” applied for government funding to attend the Destruction in Art Symposium in London. The group sent him, just twenty-two years old, to the ministry to argue their case. He remained their go-to spokesperson. On June 7, 1968, at the Kunst und Revolution event in Lecture Hall 1 of the University of Vienna, it was he who introduced the wild proceedings with an “Inflammatory Speech,” his raised right asbestos-gloved hand in flames. Ending quickly in a cry of pain—kerosene on his naked forearm caught fire—his oration, titled (after Lenin's pamphlet) “What Is to Be Done?: Burning Questions of Our Movement,” gave way to the more scandalous, though perhaps less cunning, actions of his older comrades. Otto Muehl, a “former middle- school teacher,” as one “memory protocol” described him, screamed obscenities while whipping a bandaged man until he bled. Gunter Brus, after undressing onstage, cut himself and (again the protocol) “masturbated for about 20 minutes” before shitting and pissing in the audience's direction. Oswald Wiener, his speech drowned out onstage by grunting, was falsely heard to say that the shitting should move from the lecture hall to St. Stephen's Cathedral, the city's holy of holies. Meanwhile he, the event's “inflammatory” opening speaker, was the only actual student to address the Austrian Socialist Students’ Union (the hapless host of Vienna's infamous “hot quarter-hour”), and he had come well equipped. He brought with him a water bucket to extinguish his burning glove and wore safety goggles to protect his eyes against flames and, as things turned out, against blood, excrement, and urine.

When he died this year, just four days short of his seventy-ninth birthday, Peter Weibel seemed perennially youthful. He had led the ZKM Center for Art and Media Karlsruhe for almost a quarter century, indefinitely postponing his retirement by mounting art exhibitions—sometimes as many as seven in one year—that reshaped the definition of art exhibitions. It was Weibel, earlier and more consistently than anyone, who gave museological form to our posthuman, postmedium, anthropocenic condition. Sprawling, experimental, and provisory, these exhibitions yielded mighty catalogues: about surveillance, futurity, and digital art, about forgotten contemporaries (like Vilém Flusser) and emergent stars (Weibel was early in celebrating William Kentridge and Olafur Eliasson). Of these many shows, the four co-curated with Bruno Latour, who passed away five months before Weibel, were the most significant. Weibel and Latour called them Gedankenausstellungen (“thought exhibitions”). With challenging titles like “Making Things Public,” “Reset Modernity,” and “Critical Zones” and conceptual in what they displayed and how, they blurred the lines between science and art, gallery space and laboratory, aesthetic object and political debate while remaining fun to visit and popularly appealing.
Contribution to the knowledge of Chinese Gryllacrididae (Orthoptera) XIV: One new species of Diaphanogryllacris from Yunnan Province
Authors: ZHANG QIANWEN , PANG SIYU , RONG PINYING , BIAN XUN
Published: June 2023

In this paper we report one new species from Yunnan Province. All the type specimens are deposited in Guangxi Normal University.
The Value of an Arts Degree: Career Success and Inequality
Authors: Woronkowicz Joanna
Published: June 2023

This study examines the value of a college degree for artists, in addition to racial, sex, and ethnic differences. I use propensity score matching on data from the 2015–2019 American Community Survey to produce causal estimates of the effect of getting an arts degree and a non-arts bachelor’s degree on income, and the probability of unemployment, self-employment, and working in an arts industry. The results illustrate that degrees positively affect artists’ average incomes and, depending on the type of degree, the probability of working in an arts industry. The analyses also illustrate that degrees have differential effects on artists’ employment outcomes based on race, sex, and ethnicity, though not always in the direction we would expect. The results illustrate the often-delicate balance between building a career as an artist and maintaining a livelihood and that individual differences with respect to career aspirations and personal circumstances moderate employment outcomes that are often attributed to common educational trajectories.
Anticipating Controversy: What’s the Problem Represented to Be in Australian Policies for the Selection of Learning Resources?
Authors: Cairns Rebecca
Published: June 2023

Teachers’ decision-making about resource selection is made more complex when resources are appraised for their potential to raise controversial issues or cause offence to others within school communities. Debates around the use of trigger warnings, freedom of speech and the impact of exclusionary practices further complicate these processes. In this article, Bacchi’s ( Bacchi, 2012 ; Bacchi & Goodwin, 2016 ) What’s the problem represented to be? (WPR) approach is applied to the critical policy analysis of five Australian policy texts that deal with resource selection and controversial issues in schools. By comparing the ways these policies represent certain kinds of ‘problems’, it highlights the tendency of government departments to problematise this as a process that must be managed for the purpose of mitigating contestation. An examination of dominant and alternative policy constructions also prompts reflection on the discursive effects of policy and why resource selection should be re-problematised as a pedagogical opportunity and inclusionary practice.
Using Multiple Imputation to Account for the Uncertainty Due to Missing Data in the Context of Factor Retention
Authors: Xia Yan , Havan Selim
Published: June 2023

Although parallel analysis has been found to be an accurate method for determining the number of factors in many conditions with complete data, its application under missing data is limited. The existing literature recommends that, after using an appropriate multiple imputation method, researchers either apply parallel analysis to every imputed data set and use the number of factors suggested by most of the data copies or average the correlation matrices across all data copies, followed by applying the parallel analysis to the average correlation matrix. Both approaches for pooling the results provide a single suggested number without reflecting the uncertainty introduced by missing values. The present study proposes the use of an alternative approach, which calculates the proportion of imputed data sets that result in k ( k = 1, 2, 3 . . .) factors. This approach will inform applied researchers of the degree of uncertainty due to the missingness. Results from a simulation experiment show that the proposed method can more likely suggest the correct number of factors when missingness contributes to a large amount of uncertainty.
“A Plague Broke Out among Them”: Reflections on the Bible and the Pandemic
Authors: Kaminsky Joel S.
Published: June 2023

This essay seeks to utilize ideas and texts found in the Hebrew Bible in order to historically contextualize the COVID-19 pandemic and to illuminate various existential, religious, political, and ethical issues raised by the current pandemic and our responses to it.
COVID in Nursing Homes: A Call to Repentance
Authors: Wright James Lee
Published: June 2023

This essay details the author’s experiences as a medical director at Canterbury Rehabilitation and Healthcare Center in Richmond, Virginia, the first nursing home to have a COVID-19 outbreak in the Commonwealth of Virginia. It explores how the deaths of his patients challenged his faith and raised issues of theodicy. Ultimately, the author does not ask for an explanation of evil, but urges us to examine our culpability and our responsibility, then listen to Jesus’s call to repentance (Luke 13:1–5). In the end, our light, as weak as it is, must persist in the darkness.
Towards net zero in agriculture: Future challenges and opportunities for arable, livestock and protected cropping systems in the UK
Authors: Sakrabani Ruben , Garnett Kenisha , Knox Jerry W , Rickson Jane , Pawlett Mark , Falagan Natalia , Girkin Nicholas T , Cain Michelle , Alamar M Carmen , Burgess Paul J , Harris Jim , Patchigolla Kumar , Sandars Daniel , Graves Anil , Hannam Jack , W Simmons Robert
Published: June 2023

The agricultural sector faces multiple challenges linked to increased climate uncertainty, causing severe shocks including increased frequency of extreme weather events, new pest and disease risks, soil degradation, and pre and postharvest food losses. This situation is further exacerbated by geopolitical instability and volatility in energy prices impacting on fertiliser supplies and production costs. Net zero strategies are vital to achieve both food security and address negative environmental impacts. This perspective paper reviews and assesses the most viable options (actions) to achieve net zero with a focus on the arable/livestock and protected cropping sectors in the UK. The methodology was based on a synthesis of relevant literature, coupled with expert opinions using the holistic PESTLE (Political, Environmental, Social, Technological, Legal and Environmental) approach to categorise actions, leading to formulation of a roadmap to achieve net zero. The PESTLE analysis indicated that there are technically and economically viable actions available which need to be prioritised depending on the ease of their implementation within the two crop sectors investigated. These actions include (i) policy changes that are better aligned to net zero; (ii) circular economy approaches; (iii) connectivity and accessibility of information; (iv) increased resilience to shocks; (v) changing diets, nutrition and lifestyles; (vi) target setting and attainment; and (vii) farm economics and livelihoods. The outputs can be used by stakeholders and decision makers to inform policy and drive meaningful changes in global food and environmental security.