bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IMPACT OF SOCIAL FACTORS ON CONSUMER BUYING BEHAVIOUR
(With reference to Small cars in Rayalaseema Region, Andhra Pradesh)
Authors: Kumar R. Praveen , Megharaj Dr. B. R.
Published: January 2020

Marketing hinges on understanding and creating a customer. What consumer would buy it – is no easy task. This would be evident from the fact that though several marketing scholars have spent enormous time and effort on this subject and analysed it from different angles and under different premises, there is no unified, tested and universally established theory of buyer behaviour. What we have is only collection of ideas that have taken from economics, psychology and sociology. There are several factors contributing to the consumer behaviour, one among them is social factors which include Reference Groups, Family, Status /Prestige, Necessity, Luxury, ownership respectively. The present study examines the influence of Social factors on consumer buying behaviour towards small cars in Rayalaseema Region and Andhra Pradesh. Annova test and Multiple Comparisons used to test the hypotheses of this study. Findings of the research show that social factors affect buying behaviour. The findings indicate that social factors influence the consumer buying behaviour towards small cars.
KEY WORDS: Consumer, behaviour, Social factors, Reference Groups, Family, Status, Prestige, Necessity, Luxury, ownership.
Pengembangan Bahan Ajar Matematika Berbentuk Komik untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Matematis Siswa Kelas VII SMP
Authors: Fikriani Tiara , Swetherly Nurva Mirda
Published: January 2020

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan bahan ajar matematika berbentuk komik untuk siswa kelas VII SMP. Penggunaan Bahan Ajar dalam proses pembelajaran merupakan salah satu cara untuk membantu siswa dalam memahami materi pembelajaran. Bahan ajar yang diberikan kepada siswa harus memenuhi kriteria valid, praktis, dan efektif.Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian Research and Development R and D) dengan menggunakan model pengembangan Plomp yang terdiri atas fase investigasi awal, fase pengembangan atau pembuatan prototype, dan fase penilaian. Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian pengembangan ini yaitu: (1) Validitas Bahan Ajar dinyatakan sangat valid dengan presentase 90% pada aspek materi dan aspek desain bahan ajar (2) Praktikalitas Bahan Ajar berdasarkan respon guru dan siswa dinyatakan sangat praktis dengan rata-rata presentase 83,5% (3) Efektivitas Bahan Ajar dinyatakan efektif dalam meningkatkan kemampuan komunikasi matematis siswa dengan presentase 73%.

Abstract: This purpose of this research is developing mathematics teaching materials that present in comics for student in grade seventh of junior high school. Using teaching materials in the learning process is one way to help the students to be understand about learning materials. The teaching materials that provided for students must have three criterias are valid, practical, and effective. The type of this research is the Research and Development (R and D)  and using the Plomp development model. This research consist of investigation phase, development or prototype phase, and assessment phase. The results of this development research are: (1) The validity of the teaching materials are valid with a percentage 90% on the material aspect and the material Design (2) practicality of teaching materials based on the response of teachers and students are Practice with percentage 83.5% (3) The effectivity of teaching materials are effective based on communication skills of students with a percentage of 73%.
Edukasi Hidup Bersih dan Sehat di Daerah Tujuan Wisata, Dusun Nipah, Desa Malaka, Kecamatan Pemenang, Kabupaten Lombok Utara
Authors: Musyarrafah Musyarrafah , Anditiarina Dasti , Zubaidi Fitriannisa F.
Published: January 2020

Kegiatan pengabdian ini bertujuan meningkatkan pemahaman penyedia jasa kuliner di daerah wisata mengenai perilaku hidup bersih sehat (PHBS). Kegiatan ini dilakukan di Pantai Nipah, Dusun Nipah, Desa Malaka, Kecematan Pemenang, Kabupaten Lombok Utara. Metode yang digunakan dalam pengabdian ini adalah metode penyuluhan dan edukasi, game interaktif dan diskusi. Kegiatan ini melibatkan 27 orang juru masak dan pramusaji yang bekerja dibeberapa warung ikan bakar. Kegiatan ini memberikan manfaat karena terdapat peningkatan pemahaman mengenai PHBS dan termotivasi untuk menerapkan cuci tangan pakai sabun (CTPS) dengan 6 langkah sesuai standar World Health Organisation (WHO). Kegiatan ini akan lebih mendorong para penyedia jasa kuliner untuk mengolah dan menyajikan makanan bagi para wisatawan secara higienis dan terjaga kebersihannya. Dengan demikian, edukasi ini mampu memberdayakan masyarakat untuk menciptakan citra baik lingkungan wisata sehat.
The Patient and Family Narratives seminars at the University of Saskatchewan connect health professions students with patient experiences
Authors: D'Eon Marcel , Luc Jelyssa
Published: January 2020

The Patient and Family Narratives (PFN) seminars make patient perspectives part of the education of students from healthcare professions. These sessions consist of a story shared by a patient, interdisciplinary small group discussions, and a question and answer period. Based on the findings of our evaluation, we will modify the orientation exercise and small group sessions. The simple design of these seminars makes their implementation suitable for other institutions as a way of sharing patient stories in an interprofessional setting. However, the success of a PFN program may depend on a lack of authentic patient contact in the pre-existing curriculum.
The Inevitability of Militarization of Outer Space
Authors: BERNAT Paweł
Published: January 2020

At the end of the second decade of the 21st century, we witness a progressive increase of strategic importance of artificial satellites and other orbital systems, which is a consequence of the ever-accelerating development of space technologies that include weapons systems. The outer space becomes a theatre for a potential conflict. The states possessing sufficient technological potential will further develop and expand those systems, both defensive (for eliminating threats) and offensive (securing the military advantage and serving as a deterrent) to secure their current and future interests.The main argument of the paper demonstrates the necessity, from the perspective of the strong outer space sector players like the USA, Russia, China, to further develop space weapon systems and military units of space corps.
Arqueología de las imágenes técnicas: archivo y memoria en dos proyectos fotográficos de Raúl Stolkiner(res)
Authors: Volnovich Yamila
Published: January 2020

El presente trabajo analiza los usos experimentales del archivo en dos series fotográficas del artista Raúl Stolkiner (Res). Estas obras sintetizan cierto estado de situación del pensamiento visual y audiovisual argentino, tanto por el tiempo en el que fueron realizadas -1984, inicio de la democracia luego de ocho años de terrorismo de estado y 1996, año que marca la implementación del modelo económico neoliberalcomo por el modo de plantear la dimensión política de los dispositivos de visióna partir de la indagación del estatuto epistemológico de las imágenes técnicas y su relación con la memoria histórica. Ante el impacto de la reproductibilidad técnica en el arte la pregunta ¿qué es una imagen? resulta particularmente significativa si se la inscribe en el horizonte de las decisiones éticas que definen la posición de una cultura respecto de su pasado.
Arte y violencia: algunas artista que desafían la representación
Authors: Van Dembroucke Celina
Published: January 2020

La violencia es un eje central del arte latinoamericano. Desde los consagrados como la brasileña Rosângela Rennó, la colombiana Doris Salcedo o el argentino León Ferrari, hasta las nuevas generaciones, la violencia sigue siendo un tema ineludible. Este artículo trata de cómo ciertas prácticas artísticas la evocan lejos del shock y de lo explícito, y recurren al trabajo con las metáforas o los subterfugios para denunciar a un pasado o un presente violento. Este artículo explora dos artistas noveles y dos con una larga trayectoria. Entre las nuevas generaciones, el texto repasa el trabajo de la fotógrafa mexicana Clauzzia Gómez, y el de la artista proveniente de El Paso, Texas, Adriana Corral. Entre las artistas consagradas y reconocidas en el ámbito internacional, el artículo hace foco en la obra Auras anónimas (2007-2009) de la colombiana Beatriz González, y se detiene, como contraejemplo del tratamiento figurado de lo violento, en la mexicana Teresa Margolles.
Role of Islamic Microfinance Institutions for Sustainable Development Goals in Bangladesh
Authors: Uddin Md Nazim
Published: January 2020

Abstract The goal of this paper is to explore the Islamic Microfinance Instruments (IMFs) in attaining sustainable development goals (SDGs) in Bangladesh. Propose a conceptual model along with exploring the efforts in attaining SDGs to fill the gap. The methodology of the study predicated on secondary data includes existing relevant literature, books and annual reports of easily sampled IMFs and Microcredit Regulatory Authority (MRA) in Bangladesh. The findings of the research show that microfinance organisations have a broader range to attain Sustainable Development Goals through their various investment modes. The analysis categorises the microfinance tools into large parts that are poverty decrease, end hunger for food, good health, equality education, clean drinking water, sanitation energy, gender equality, empowering women, and funding which have an optimistic effect to the real sector of the sustainable economic climate that will lead towards attaining SDGs. Microfinance organisations are carrying on their initiatives in attaining sustainable development goals through their various products. With growing the potentiality, microfinance has both direct and indirect effects on ensuring financial development, environmental sustainability, and social inclusion by creating work opportunity, distributing knowledge and skills, making self-dependent, protecting from undesirable effects. The paper also attempts to put suggestions to lessen the difficulties of microfinance performing as impediments to achieving the SDGs. Keywords: Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), Microfinance Institutions (MFIs), Islamic Microfinance Institutions (IMFIs), Poverty, sustainability, Bangladesh
Model Pembelajaran Konstruktivistik Mata Pelajaran Bahasa Arab (Menulis) Dengan Media صورة
Authors: Mohammad Hasan Rasidi
Published: January 2020

Abstract: Referring to the Arabic language curriculum subject Permenag number: 2 of 2008 which states that; Arabic language learning which include the four language skills: listening (الأستماع), talk (الكلام), reading(القراءة), and writing(الكتابة). PTK is the MAM 02 Pondok Modern Paciran Lamongan. Arabic Language subject, Competency Standards, class XII / IPA the first half, with the number of students 22 children, in the academic year 2015/2016. Data collected through observation notes and the results of evaluations conducted since the beginning of the study until the third cycle along with collaboration partners. In the reflection of the data analysis process, problems and obstacles encountered, followed by a reflection of the impact of the implementation of the actions performed. One important aspect of reflection is the evaluation of the success and achievement of goals. The results showed that the students' ability to understand the material using Konstruktivistik learning model is satisfactory. Overall the results showed an increase in both activity, cooperation, as well as student achievement,
Peran Guru Menciptakan Disiplin Kelas Terhadap Peningkatan Prestasi Belajar Siswa MI Muhammadiyah 11 Blimbing Paciran Lamongan
Authors: Zainal Mahfud
Published: January 2020

Abstract: The research focus discussed in this thesis is (1) How is the role of

teacher in creating classroom discipline in MI Muhammadiyah 11 Blimbing

Paciran Lamongan, (2) How is student achievement in MI Muhammadiyah 11

Blimbing Paciran Lamongan, (3) Is there any correlation between role teachers

in creating classroom discipline with student achievement in MI Muhammadiyah

11 Blimbing Paciran Lamongan. This research uses the following methods:

population, sample, data source, data collection method and also data analysis

technique. In this research, it can be concluded that there are four roles that must

be done by a teacher in creating classroom discipline, that is teacher as first

implementer of discipline, teacher as student director in carrying out all school

rules, teacher as supervisor in implementing all school rules and teacher giving

gifts and punishments to the students. Student achievement of MI Muhammadiyah

11 Blimbing Paciran Lamongan in academic year 2014/2015 shows enough

value.

There is a correlation between the role of teachers in creating classroom

discipline to improve student achievement in MI Muhammadiyah 11 TPAY

Blimbing Paciran Lamongan and the correlation shown is quite correlation with

score value of 0.698.
Pengaruh Kompetensi Paedagogik Guru Terhadap Prestasi Belajar Siswa Kelas XI Mata Pelajaran PAI Di SMKN 13 Malang
Authors: Subhan Adi Santoso
Published: January 2020

Abstract: Pedagogic competence is the ability to manage student learning which

includes students 'understanding, design and implementation of learning,

evaluation of learning outcomes, and development of students to develop various

potentials of students, while learning achievement is the aspect of the students'

skills as a result of business and learning activities pursued, Is seen as an

important indicator in the overall process of education in general and the process

of teaching and learning in particular. The method used in data collection is

descriptive method. While the approach taken is a quantitative approach. Data

collection in this study includes literature study and field study. The

implementation of this field study involves observation techniques, interviews, and

using data collection instruments in the form of questionnaires. The average score

of teacher paedagogic competency variables (Variable X) has an average of 2.49,

the scores in the assessment criteria are at 2.5-3.5 intervals with medium

qualifications and for the average grade of learning achievement Students

(Variable Y) that has an average value of 3.67 numbers in the scale of the

assessment is at the interval of 3.5-4.5 with high qualification. Based on data

analysis there is a significant relationship between teacher Paedagogic

Competence on student achievement. The magnitude of the effect of variable X to

Y is 0.86. The contribution of variable X to Y is 49% and the remaining 51% is

influenced by other factors .. This information provides information that the

teacher paedagogic competence variables have a strong influence on student

achievement that is Based on the above calculation known that the value of Z

arithmetic 4.3> Z table 0.01 then the hypothesis (Ho) rejected and (Ha) accepted,

this means the influence between variable X and variable Y with significant

influence.
Penggunaan Metode Inkuiri Dalam Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Bahasa Inggris Di Kelas Vii Madrasah Tsanawiyah Muhammadiyah 17 Paciran
Authors: M. Chotibuddin
Published: January 2020

Abstract:

The Using Inquiry Methods in Increasing Result of Mathematic Study in five

grade of Islamic Junior High School. The purpose of this research were (1) to describe

steps of

inquiry method in increasing result of mathematic study in five grade of

Elementary School, (2) identify

constraints and solutions

using inquiry methods in

increasing result of mathematic study in five grade of state elementary school. This

research is classroom action research (CAR) conducted in three cycles, each cycle

includes the planning, implementation, observation and reflection. The data were

analysis using Miles and Huberman interactive model consist of three components are:

data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing/verification. The results showed

that (1) the steps of inquiry method can be run apropriate to the scenario, (2) the using

inquiry method can increasing result of mathematic study in five grade of Elementary

School. Increasing result of mathematic study from pre-test were 40%, in the first cycle

were 60%, in the second cycle were 73% and the third cycle increase until 80%
Kepribadian Tokoh Utama Dalam Novel Rembulan Tenggelam Di Wajahmu Karya Tere Liye (Kajian Psikoanalisis Sigmund Freud)
Authors: Team Editor
Published: January 2020

Abstract: This study aimed to describe (1) the personality id figure Rey in the

novel "The moon Drowned In Your Face" Work Tere Liye, (2) the personality ego

character Rey in the novel "The moon Drowned In Your Face" Work Tere Liye,

(3) personality super ego character Rey in his novel "the moon Drowned in Your

Face" Tere Liye work. This study was a qualitative descriptive study and included

in this type of library research. The data used in this study is novel Rembulan

Drowning In Your Face Tere Liye Work, published by Republika Jakarta pata

first printing in 2009 and consists of 426 pages. Data collection techniques used

in this research is the engineering documentation and observation techniques.

Teknk data analysis aims to describe the elements of fact stories that form the

main characters' personalities that exist in the novel "The moon Drowned In Your

Face" Work Tere Liye ". Based on the analysis, it can be concluded personality of

id, ego and super ego that experienced by the main character. Based on the

results of the study, that the personality Ray in the novel Rembulan Drowning In

Your face has the id that is present in the form of hatred against a dark past, the

curiosity over his true identity, as well as the ambition to destroy those he

considered duplicity. Ego Ray looked at the rebellion he often did to help the

people he loved. Super ego Ray looked at the behavior that always decide things

according to his conscience desires.
Pengaruh Penerapan Media Benda Asli Pada Mata Pelajaran Matematika Terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa Kelas I II Di MI/SD
Authors: Layyinat Idzi’
Published: January 2020

Abstrak:

Pada suatu lembaga pendidi

kan yang bersifat formal seperti Madrasah,

keberhasilan pendidikan dapat dilihat dari hasil belajar siswa dalam prestasi

belajarnya. Kualitas dan keberhasilan belajar siswa sangat dipengaruhi oleh

kemampuan dan ketepatan guru memilih dan menggunakan metode

maupun

media yang bervariasi dalam meningkatkan keefektifan siswa dalam belajar.

Judul penelitian ini adalah “Pengaruh Penerapan Media Benda Asli Pada Mata

Pelajaran Matematika Terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa Kelas III di Madrasah

Ibtida’iyah.

Penelitian yan

g digunakan yakni eksperimen dengan pendekatan

kuantitatif. Adapun pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini, penulis hanya

mengambil kelas III sebagai kelas eksperimen yang berjumlah 27 siswa

berdasarkan

random sampling dan

hasil observasi penulis terhadap

siswa kelas

III mengenai rendahnya hasil belajar siswa terhadap mata pelajaran

Matematika

.

Teknik pengumpulan data penelitian ini menggunakan observasi, tes (

pre

-

test

dan

post

-

test

). Analisis data untuk mengambil kesimpulan menggunakan rumus tes “t

” untuk

sampel kecil yang saling berhubungan.

Hasil penelitian ini yaitu hasil

observasi menunjukkan bahwa penerapan media benda asli pada mata pelajaran

Matematika tergolong baik. Hasil belajar siswa pada pos

-

test mengalami

peningkatan skor mean jika dibandingka

n dengan pre

-

test. Sedangkan untuk uji

perbandingan didapatkan kesimpulan setelah membandingkan besarnya t

tabael

1%

dan 5% adalah

2

,

7

8

dan

2

,

0

6

yang diperoleh dalam perhitungan (t

o

)

adalah

16,23

. Sehingga pada penilitian menyimpulkan bahwa ada pengaruh pe

nerapan

media benda asli terhadap hasil belajar siswa kelas III di

MI/SD.
Meningkatkan Prestasi Belajar Siswa Kelas XII IPS 1 Dengan Metode Pemberian Tugas Di Sekolah Menengah Atas Negeri 1 Muaro Jambi
Authors: Journal Journal , Elizawati
Published: January 2020

Abstract: The purposes of this study are to get bolstering about thestudents’ learning achievement in returning the paper task, toimprove students’ skill in doing theirs task, to increase responsibilityof students, to raise students interest, and to reach students’achievement in Geography learning in XII IPS 1 SMA Negeri 1Muaro Jambi. The data collected through observation,documentation and interview. Furthermore, the subjects of this studyconsisted of 27 students XII IPS 1 SMAN 1 Muaro Jambi. This studyrun from July to September 2014. The result of study displays thatthe paper task retirning method can improve students’ achievement.The sign of improvement is shown by improving students’s rate ingeography learning that starts from cycle 1 to cycle II. Anotherresult is this method can develop students’ interest in learning
Penggunaan Metode Ceramah Variasi Yang Disertai Kemampuan Orientasi Terhadap Peningkatan Kualitas Pembelajaran Ekonomi Siswa Kelas X - 8 SMAN 1 Paciran Lamongan
Authors: Saiful Arif
Published: January 2020

Abstract: Based on

teacher observations identified that students of class X

-

8 SMAN 1 Paciran Lamongan in receiving subject matter from teachers in

general are still unclear or vague, so the following problems are formulated: Is

there any influence of using the variety lectur

e method accompanied by the ability

of orientation towards learning outcomes Economics of class X

-

8 students of

SMAN 1 Paciran Lamongan in clarifying understanding about something and to

prevent verbalism?

The purpose of this class action research aims to

familiarize the teacher in

presenting economic subject material with variety lecture methods so that

students are able to develop special attitudes and skills by thinking critically and

creatively in seeing human relationships with the surrounding environm

ent.

The research took place at SMAN 1 Paciran Lamongan, the activity began with

preparations to form 3 groups. Action research planning in each cycle is

arranged together based on the observations and reflections of the teacher. Each

cycle includes the st

ages of observation and action and development planning.

The conclusion of the above discussion is (I) Conventional methods in

CAR in the field of Economics less influence students to further improve their

learning outcomes, (2) Every class action using th

e lecture method variations

accompanied by orientation can foster students' courage to understand, make

examples that are almost similar to those in the reading, as well as the ability to

ask questions compared to using conventional methods, (3) The acquis

ition of

group student learning outcomes taught using the lecture method variations

accompanied by better orientation than the group of students who are taught

conventionally.
Growth and Removal Behavior of Magnesium Oxide Microspheres towards Methyl Orange and Methylene Blue in Aqueous Solution
Authors: Ahmed Saeed , Pan Jingsong , Li Dianqing , Tang Pinggui , Shu Xin , Feng Yongjun
Published: January 2020

The adsorption of dyes from the industrial influent has attracted great interest to overcome water pollution. In this work, we carefully investigated the growth process of hierarchical MgO microspheres and the difference in the corresponding removal behavior towards two dyes: anionic methyl orange and cationic methylene blue. The MgO microspheres were formed by the self-assembly of thin nanosheets following the reaction time and exhibited the maximum removal capacities are 940.14 mg g-1 for methyl orange and 354.00 mg g-1 for methylene blue. The anionic methyl orange and cationic methylene blue adsorption follow the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, Freundlich isothermal model. The difference in the removal behavior towards two dyes is strongly related to the surface charge of MgO and the charge of pollutants. This work will benefit design and improvement in the removal performance of novel porous adsorbents.
The Acoustics of Kabuki Theaters
Authors: Büttner Clemens , Yabushita Mitsuru , Parejo Antonio Sánchez , Morishita Yu , Weinzierl Stefan
Published: January 2020

The study presents a room acoustical investigation of a representative sample of eight Kabuki theaters as the most important public performance venues of pre-modern Japan. Room acoustical parameters according to ISO 3382 were measured for the unoccupied and simulated for the occupied
condition. In comparison with European proscenium stage theaters, they have lower room heights in the auditorium, with usually only one upper tier, and no high stage house for movable scenery. The lower volume per seat results in lower reverberation times, The wooden construction and the audience
seating arrangement on wooden straw mats on the floor instead of upholstered seats leads to a mostly flat frequency response up to 4 kHz, resulting in an excellent speech intelligibility, as documented by values for definition (D50) and the speech intelligibility index (STI). The
acoustical conditions support the dynamic acting space created by pathways extending the stage from the front through the audience to the rear of the auditorium. They allow great contrasts in the perceived acoustical proximity depending on the selected acting position, and support a high degree
of immersion of the audience into the dramatic action.
Effects of a Synthetic Clarinet Bore Liner on Spectral Centroid and Fundamental Frequency Error
Authors: Gardner Joshua
Published: January 2020

Throughout their relatively short history, various materials have been used to construct clarinets. While wood is the most common material used for modern professional clarinets, other materials have been and continue to be used, including synthetic materials. Despite the availability
and accessibility of these materials, professional musicians rarely use instruments made from synthetics, insisting that their wooden counterparts produce superior results. Numerous studies have found the energy radiated directly by rigid cylindrical vibrating tubes to be both insignificant
and have little to no effect on an internal vibrating air column. Using real instruments played by musicians, the present study compared a prototype clarinet upper joint with a synthetic bore liner produced by French instrument maker Henri Selmer Paris to two unlined, solid wood clarinets
of the same make and model by examining two acoustical parameters. Spectral centroid and fundamental frequency f0 pitch error were measured for 45 notes (written E3-C7), performed by five accomplished clarinetists unaware of which instrument they were playing. Consistent
with findings from other researchers, the particular instrument had no significant effect on spectral centroid. Meanwhile, although a significant effect of the instrument on f0 pitch error was found, pairwise comparisons suggest non-significant effects from the lined joint.
Measurement of Sound Absorption Using a Single Fixed Microphone in a Circular Pulse-Tube
Authors: Wei Zhengyu , Hou Hong , Gao Nansha , Huang Yunke , Yang Jianhua
Published: January 2020

This study presents a method for measuring the normal incidence sound absorption coefficient of acoustical materials by separating the incident and first reflected waves in the time domain using a pulse-tube with only a single microphone whose position is fixed. Based on the pulse generation
technique, the effect of the characteristics of tube termination can be eliminated, and the drive signal used for the measurement is obtained. A moveable piston is used to move the sample to a certain position in the tube, which renders the recorded incident and first reflected waves separated.
As a validation of the proposed method, two different materials are investigated. Good agreement is found between the proposed method and both the well-established two-microphone transfer function (TMF) method and the verified pulse separation method.
On the Resonance of a Lined Tire Cavity
Authors: Zhang Yong-Bin , Yao Qi , Xiao Lei , Zhang Xiao-Zheng , Zheng Chang-Jun , Bi Chuan-Xing
Published: January 2020

Cavity resonance is one of the important sources of tire noise. The measures commonly used for suppressing the cavity resonance is to paste sound absorbing material on the inner surface of the tire, which has been proved to be very effective by many experimental studies. But so far
there is a lack of methods to assess the influence of absorbing material on the cavity resonance and help determine the optimal sound absorbing material for a tire. To resolve this problem, a method based on the eigenvalue analysis is proposed. In the method, the resonance of a tire cavity
lined with sound absorbing material is turned into a complex eigenvalue problem of a closed cavity with prescribed boundary conditions. The real and imaginary parts of the complex eigenvalue can then be used to represent the influence of sound absorbing material on the cavity resonance. Experiments
were conducted on a tire lined with polyurethane foams of different thickness and flow resistivity to validate the results obtained by the proposed method, and a good agreement between their results is achieved.
Analytic Model for the Time-dependent Electromagnetic Field of an Astrophysical Jet
Authors: Bellan P. M.
Published: January 2020

An analytic model of the time-dependent electric and magnetic fields of an astrophysical jet is presented. These fields satisfy the time-dependent Faraday’s law and describe a jet with increasing length. The electric field contains both electrostatic and inductive parts. The electrostatic part corresponds to the rate of injection of toroidal magnetic flux, while the sum of the electrostatic and inductive parts results in the electric field parallel to the magnetic field being zero everywhere. The pinch force associated with the electric current provides a peaked pressure on the jet axis and a pressure minimum at the radius where the poloidal magnetic field reverses direction.
Clouds will Likely Prevent the Detection of Water Vapor in JWST Transmission Spectra of Terrestrial Exoplanets
Authors: Komacek Thaddeus D. , Fauchez Thomas J. , Wolf Eric T. , Abbot Dorian S.
Published: January 2020

We are on the verge of characterizing the atmospheres of terrestrial exoplanets in the habitable zones of M dwarf stars. Due to their large planet-to-star radius ratios and higher frequency of transits, terrestrial exoplanets orbiting M dwarf stars are favorable for transmission spectroscopy. In this work, we quantify the effect that water clouds have on the amplitude of water vapor transmission spectral features of terrestrial exoplanets orbiting M dwarf stars. To do so, we make synthetic transmission spectra from general circulation model (GCM) experiments of tidally locked planets. We improve upon previous work by considering how varying a broad range of planetary parameters affects transmission spectra. We find that clouds lead to a 10–100 times increase in the number of transits required to detect water features with the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) with varying rotation period, incident stellar flux, surface pressure, planetary radius, and surface gravity. We also find that there is a strong increase in the dayside cloud coverage in our GCM simulations with rotation periods ≳12 days for planets with Earth’s radius. This increase in cloud coverage leads to even stronger muting of spectral features for slowly rotating exoplanets orbiting M dwarf stars. We predict that it will be extremely challenging to detect water transmission features in the atmospheres of terrestrial exoplanets in the habitable zone of M dwarf stars with JWST. However, species that are well-mixed above the cloud deck (e.g., CO2 and CH4) may still be detectable on these planets with JWST.
Molecular and epidemiologyical analysis of a Campylobacter jejuni outbreak in China, 2018
Authors: Qu Mei , Zhang Maojun , Zhang Xin , Jia Lei , Xu Jun , Chu Yanhui , Liang Zhichao , Lv Bing , Liang Hao , Huang Ying , Wang Quanyi
Published: January 2020

Introduction: Campylobacter spp. is the most common gastrointestinal pathogen worldwide with a very low reported incidence in China. In April 2018, one 36 cases of diarrhea outbreak occurred in a high school in Beijing after a trip to another province in Southern China. The investigation for the enteric pathogen infection was conducted to identify the cause.

Methodology: Eighteen stool specimens from 11 diarrheal patients and 3 close contacts were collected and tested for 16 enteric bacterial and viral pathogens using real-time PCR methods. Multilocus Sequence Typing (MLST), pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and antimicrobial susceptibility testing were applied to C. jejuni isolates in this outbreak in order to characterize the incident.

Results: Ten (90.9%) of 11 stool specimens from diarrheal patients were positive for Campylobacter jejuni, confirmed as the cause of outbreak. Eight C. jejuni strains were obtained and produced 2 sequence types (STs) and 3 PFGE patterns. Six of them had the same ST (ST2274) and PFGE pattern (SMA001). The dominant outbreak strain with an identical subtyping profile was clustered with most chicken isolates from national MLST and PulseNet Campylobacter database. The entire 8 isolates were multi-drug resistant, with the dominant resistance pattern of nalidixic acid, tetracycline and ciprofloxacin combined, except for 2 isolates resistant to florfenicol.

Conclusion: Molecular typing confirmed that most of the cases belonged to a clonal cluster supporting the hypothesis of a common source; however, the source was not identified. This was the first recognized Campylobacteriosis outbreak in China among 20 years.
Schistosomiasis among pregnant women in Njombe-Penja health district, Cameroon
Authors: Tonga Calvin , Ngo Bayoi Charlie , Tchanga Flore Chanceline , Yengue Jacqueline Félicité , Wepnje Godlove Bunda , Nyabeyeu Nyabeyeu Hervé , Kangam Lafortune , Koudjip Nono Larissa , Akono Ntonga Patrick , Lehman Léopold Gustave
Published: January 2020

Introduction: Schistosomiasis is a neglected tropical disease with endemic foci in Cameroon. Epidemiological data on schistosomiasis in pregnancy are scarce in the country. This study describes the prevalence, diversity and factors associated with schistosomiasis in pregnant women in Njombe-Penja where schistosomiasis was first reported in 1968.

Methodology: Two hundred and eighty-two (282) pregnant women were enrolled at first antenatal consultation between April and December 2016. A questionnaire was used to document socio-economic and obstetric information. Stool and terminal urine samples were collected and analysed using Kato-Katz/Formol-Ether concentration techniques and centrifugation methods respectively. Haemoglobin concentration was measured from finger prick blood, using an URIT®-12 electronic haemoglobinometer. Bivariate and logistic regression were used for statistical analyses with Epi-Info version 7.2.1.0. Statistical significance level was set at 0.05.

Results: The overall prevalence of schistosomiasis was 31.91%. Schistosoma guineensis, S. haematobium and S. mansoni infections were found in 0.35% (n = 1), 4.96% (n = 14) and 28.01% (n = 79) of participants, respectively. Co-infection with two species of Schistosoma was found in 4.44% of these women. The prevalence of this disease was significantly higher in younger women (≤ 20 years old) and among residents of Njombe. All S. haematobium infected women were anemic and infection was associated with significantly lower haemoglobin levels (p = 0.02).

Conclusion: The prevalence of schistosomiasis is high among pregnant women in Njombe-Penja, with some adverse effects on blood levels. Three Schistosoma species were found. Female of childbearing age should be considered for mass drug administration.
Molecular diagnosis and source tracing of an infection of Aureobasidium pullulans
Authors: Liu Dongli , Ma Lin , Shi Yi , Wang Anli , Liu Changhong
Published: January 2020

Aureobasidium pullulans (A. pullulans) is a dematiaceous, yeast-like fungus that is ubiquitous in nature, which can colonize the human hair and skin. A. pullulans has been clinically implicated to cause skin and soft tissue infections, meningitis, splenic abscesses, and peritonitis. Herein, molecular diagnostic of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequencing was used to investigate a suspected case of A. pullulans infection, and the infection source had been traced. A 27-year-old female case was suspected of kala-azar due to the recurrent fever. Bone marrow specimens were analyzed. The samples were negative for Leishmania, Penicillium marneffei and Histoplasma capsulatum. DNA was extracted from the bone marrow specimens, and the 583-bp sequence was amplified with the fungal ITS universal primers. The sequence was compared by Blast query to be identified as A. pullulans. A strain of A. pullulans was also isolated from the kitchen of the patient’s living room. Culture characteristics were the same as the human pathogens of A. pullulans, and the ITS sequence was identical to the bone marrow ITS amplification. In conclusion, a deep infection caused by A. pullulans is rare, often occurring in the indwelling catheter, which may cause peritonitis and other symptoms. ITS sequencing of fungi can be used as a diagnostic reference. As A. pullulans is a common fungus in environment, amplification of ITS sequence of A. pullulans in the aseptic body fluid would be necessary to make a comprehensive diagnosis based on the clinical symptoms and signs.
Assessment of the ecological structure of Posidonia oceanica (L.) Delile on the northern coast of Lazio, Italy (central Tyrrhenian, Mediterranean)
Authors: Gnisci Valentina , Cognetti de Martiis Selvaggia , Belmonte Alessandro , Micheli Carla , Piermattei Viviana , Bonamano Simone , Marcelli Marco
Published: January 2020

The ecological structure of Posidonia oceanica (L.) Delile meadows was evaluated on the northern coast of Lazio, Italy (central Tyrrhenian, Mediterranean sea). This is an infra-littoral zone with a wide range of anthropogenic activities and high geo-morphological variability, which reflects heterogeneity in shoot density, leaf morphology and biomass in fragmented patches. Genetic variability in populations corresponds to the formation of 3 sub-clusters, in the diverse impacted zones (north, centre and south), being correlated to the geographical distance between sites. AMOVA estimated a high genetic variation showing 43.05% individual differences within populations with a marked differentiation among the populations (56.9%) indicated by Fst value (0.57). These results revealed the role of the genetic structure of seagrasses for determining selectivity of fragmented habitat, in response to natural drivers. They showed that site-specific self-recruitment is related to biodiversity capacity and to the geo-morphological characteristic of the coast.
Two new species of Alseodaphnopsis (Lauraceae) from southwestern China and northern Myanmar: evidence from morphological and molecular analyses
Authors: Li Lang , Tan Yun-Hong , Meng Hong-Hu , Ma Hui , Li Jie
Published: January 2020

Alseodaphnopsis maguanensis and A. putaoensis, two new species of Alseodaphnopsis (Lauraceae) from southwestern China (Yunnan Province) and northern Myanmar (Kachin State), are here described and illustrated based on both morphological and molecular evidence. They are morphologically similar to Alseodaphnopsis rugosa and phylogenetically closely related to A. rugosa and A. hainanensis respectively. Their preliminary conservation status is also estimated according to the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria.
A new species of Zingiber (Zingiberaceae) from Natma Taung National Park, Chin State, Myanmar
Authors: Li Ren , Shine Law , Li Wu , Zhou Shi-Shun
Published: January 2020

Zingiber natmataungense S.S.Zhou & R.Li (Zingiberaceae), a new species from Natma Taung National Park, Chin State, Myanmar, is described and illustrated. The new species is morphologically similar to Z. yunnanense, but differs by: leaf blade abaxially light green, glabrous, ligule sparsely pubescent, ca. 2–3 mm, bracts glabrous; calyx white 20–21 × 3.2–3.5 mm, glabrous, apex obviously 3-toothed; corolla tube white, ca. 3.9–4.1 cm, labellum lateral lobes, ca. 1.5–1.7 × 0.6–0.7 cm; stamen with sparse pubescent, filament white, glabrous,1–2 mm; anther connective appendage yellowish proximally, purplish distally; ovary white, sparsely white pubescent, epigynous glands, ca. 6–7 mm long, tapered, apex whorled, yellow. This new species is also similar to Z. teres, but has a different flower colour.
L’Afrique, terre promise de l’aluminium ?
Authors: Mioche Philippe
Published: January 2020

Quelle est l’évolution de l’industrie de l’aluminium en Afrique ? Comment rendre compte du contraste persistant entre les potentiels naturels du continent africain (hydroélectricité et gisements de bauxite) et le poids encore très faible à l’échelle mondiale de l’aluminium en Afrique ? L’exploitation de la bauxite africaine s’amorce pendant et après la Seconde Guerre mondiale. De nombreux et importants projets d’industrialisation (usines d’alumine et électrolyses) naissent dans les années 1950 dans le contexte des débats sur « l’Eurafrique » et de la préparation du Marché commun. Ils s’interrompent lors des indépendances. Cependant, la première électrolyse démarre en 1957 au Cameroun, la première usine d’alumine en 1960 en Guinée. L’autre développement de l’industrialisation de l’aluminium en Afrique intervient en Afrique du Sud (transformation en 1949, électrolyse en 1973). Nous avons trois temps, celui des rêves d’Afrique et des premières réalisations post-coloniales, puis une longue période de difficultés après les indépendances. Une troisième étape se dessine sous nos yeux, de nouveaux projets et des réalisations sont mis en œuvre depuis le début du millénaire. Mais les acteurs industriels ne sont plus les mêmes. Aux pionniers comme Alcan, Baco et Pechiney, se sont substitués des intérêts australiens, russes, chinois et émiratis. L’Afrique pourrait-elle devenir rapidement un territoire majeur de l’aluminium dans le monde ?
L’Analyse des visions – Le Séminaire de 1930-1934 (extrait n° 2 : « Engrosser »)
Authors: Jung Carl Gustav
Published: January 2020

Le mythe de Daphné est envisagé à travers son expression dans des créations musicales : un opéra vénitien du XVII e siècle, Gli amori d’Apollo e di Dafne , de Cavalli, une cantate du début du XVIII e siècle, Apollo e Dafne , de Haendel et un opéra dont la création date de 1938 : Daphne , de Richard Strauss. Le thème de la métamorphose est traité dans ses nombreuses variations à partir du noyau du mythe tel qu’il a été écrit par Ovide.
La Grande Fièvre Image et imagination créatrice
Authors: Agnel Aimé
Published: January 2020

Dans sa nouvelle, « L’Enfant malade », Colette oppose deux types d’images. Celles, répétitives et manipulables, des rêveries aériennes de l’enfant paralysé, et celles, impersonnelles et créatrices, de la Grande Fièvre qui se saisit de lui et lui redonne l’usage de ses jambes. On trouve, chez Winnicott, cette même distinction entre l’activité fantasmatique qui « paralyse l’action » et « ne participe ni au rêve, ni à la vie », et l’imagination qui, elle, « est en relation avec le rêve et la réalité ». Jung, quant à lui, souligne l’autonomie des images venues de l’inconscient à travers les rêves, qui représentent, selon lui, « la réalité intérieure telle qu’elle est, non pas telle que je la suppose ou la désire ». La question qui se pose dans toute analyse est donc : comment se confronter à un inconscient qui « n’est pas seulement telle ou telle chose, mais l’inconnu qui nous affecte immédiatement » ?
L’Analyse des visions – Le Séminaire de 1930-1934 (extrait n°3 : « Le symbole »)
Authors: Jung Carl Gustav
Published: January 2020

Dans « Le portrait ovale » d’E. A. Poe, s’enchevêtrent des thèmes liés au narcissisme et à la magie : importance du regard et de la contemplation, désinvestissement progressif du monde extérieur au profit du moi, échec de l’amour lié à la négation de l’autre, chute vertigineuse dans la mélancolie et la mort, enfin rêve de toute-puissance de l’artiste, magicien diabolique, véritable rival du créateur.
L’Analyse des visions – Le Séminaire de 1930-1934 (extrait n°4 : « La hutte »)
Authors: Jung Carl Gustav
Published: January 2020

Si la compréhension profonde de la fonction du symbole par Jung en fait un interlocuteur privilégié pour comprendre les représentations archétypiques du bouddhisme tantrique, d’autres courants de méditation informelle comme le Zen et le Dzogchen peuvent nous aider à nous libérer de l’emprise de l’imaginaire. Ses mises en garde répétées contre les pratiques orientales par les occidentaux sont plus à entendre aujourd’hui comme un éclairage universel sur les déviations de ces pratiques. À la lumière des nouvelles traductions, l’on peut mettre en perspective les trois modes de libération des pensées et des images, les trois verbes que Jung utilise dans la confrontation avec l’inconscient, et les travaux de nombreux psychanalystes d’obédience diverses sur les modes d’attention de l’analyste en séance. Sans faire de l’analyse une voie initiatique, comment redonner à l’esprit une dimension supra formelle, et laisser ouvert des champs de recherche sur la nature profonde de l’esprit et de la réalité ?
À propos du Commentaire du Livre tibétain de la Grande Délivrance
Authors: Schnetzler Elisabeth
Published: January 2020

Si la compréhension profonde de la fonction du symbole par Jung en fait un interlocuteur privilégié pour comprendre les représentations archétypiques du bouddhisme tantrique, d’autres courants de méditation informelle comme le Zen et le Dzogchen peuvent nous aider à nous libérer de l’emprise de l’imaginaire. Ses mises en garde répétées contre les pratiques orientales par les occidentaux sont plus à entendre aujourd’hui comme un éclairage universel sur les déviations de ces pratiques. À la lumière des nouvelles traductions, l’on peut mettre en perspective les trois modes de libération des pensées et des images, les trois verbes que Jung utilise dans la confrontation avec l’inconscient, et les travaux de nombreux psychanalystes d’obédience diverses sur les modes d’attention de l’analyste en séance. Sans faire de l’analyse une voie initiatique, comment redonner à l’esprit une dimension supra formelle, et laisser ouvert des champs de recherche sur la nature profonde de l’esprit et de la réalité ?
« Les travailleurs migrants en Jordanie : l’exemple de l’industrie textile »
Authors: Labadi Taher
Published: January 2020

Cet article traite de la situation de travail dans une branche d’activité économique en particulier, celle du textile-habillement dédiée à l’exportation vers les États-Unis qui s’est développée dans les Zones Industrielles Qualifiées en Jordanie. À partir d’une enquête de terrain réalisée en 2018, il a plus précisément pour objet la présentation des conditions de travail de la main-d’œuvre migrante, largement majoritaire dans cette branche, ainsi que des formes de contestation de ces conditions. Une réflexion est engagée ce faisant concernant le développement d’une forme de travail « hors-sol » et l’émergence qui en résulte d’une figure idéalisée du travailleur.
Les ambiguïtés du travail humanitaire. L’exemple des réfugiés syriens au Liban
Authors: Fourn Léo
Published: January 2020

Depuis le début du conflit en Syrie en 2011, le Liban a accueilli plus d’un million de réfugiés syriens fuyant la violence de la répression et de la guerre. On a alors assisté au développement d’un vaste champ humanitaire d’aide aux réfugiés, impliquant des acteurs internationaux et locaux. Des réfugiés syriens ont participé à ce processus en fondant leurs propres organisations humanitaires, mettant en œuvre une forme d’auto-organisation de l’aide, par des réfugiés pour des réfugiés. A ainsi émergé une nouvelle demande d’engagement et de travail permettant à des réfugiés de s’engager dans une carrière humanitaire. Toutefois, malgré les rétributions financières et symboliques que le travail humanitaire procure aux réfugiés, il ne leur permet pas de sortir de leur condition précaire.