bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Foliar spraying exogenous ABA resists chilling stress on adzuki beans (Vigna angularis)
Authors: Xiang Hongtao , Liang Xiaoyan , Wang Shiya , Wang Xueyang , He Ning , Dong Xiaohui , Wang Deming , Chen Shuqiang , Song Qiulai , Liu Yuqiang , Wang Qingjuan , Li Wan
Published: September 2024

Adzuki bean, an important legume crop, exhibits poor tolerance to low temperatures. To investigate the effect of exogenous abscisic acid (ABA) on the physiological metabolism and yield resistance of adzuki bean under low-temperature stress, we conducted a potted experiment using Longxiaodou 4 (LXD 4) and Tianjinhong (TJH) as test materials and pre-sprayed with exogenous ABA at flowering stage continuously for 5 days with an average of 12°C and an average of 15°C, respectively. We found that, compared with spraying water, foliar spraying exogenous ABA increased the activities of antioxidants and the content of non-enzymatic antioxidants, effectively inhibited the increase of malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content, O2-· production rate. Exogenous ABA induced the activation of endogenous protective mechanisms by increasing antioxidant enzymes activities such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT), as well as elevated levels of non-enzymatic antioxidants including ascorbic acid (ASA) and glutathione (GSH). Moreover, the yield loss of 5.81%-39.84% caused by chilling stress was alleviated by spraying ABA. In conclusion, foliar spraying exogenous ABA can reduce the negative effects of low-temperature stress on the yield of Adzuki beans, which is essential to ensure stable production of Adzuki beans under low-temperature conditions.
Innovation in public health surveillance for social distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic: A deep learning and object detection based novel approach
Authors: Arifuzzaman Mohammad , Shaikh Rizwan , Bhuiyan Iftekhar , Chowdhury S. M. Raiyan , Atoul Tauhidul Islam
Published: September 2024

The Corona Virus Disease (COVID-19) has a huge impact on all of humanity, and people’s disregard for COVID-19 regulations has sped up the disease’s spread. Our study uses a state-of-the-art object detection model like YOLOv4 (You Only Look Once, version 4), a very effective tool, on real-time 25fps, 1920 X 1080 video data streamed live by a camera-mounted Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) quad-copter to observe proper maintenance of social distance in an area of 35m range in this study. The model has demonstrated remarkable efficacy in identifying and quantifying instances of social distancing, with an accuracy of 82% and little latency. It has been able to work efficiently with real-time streaming at 25–30 ms. Our model is based on CSPDarkNet-53, which was trained on the MS COCO dataset for image classification. It includes additional layers to capture feature maps from different phases. Additionally, the model’s neck is made up of PANet, which is used to aggregate the parameters from various CSPDarkNet-53 layers. The CSPDarkNet-53’s 53 convolutional layers are followed by 53 more layers in the model head, for a total of 106 completely convolutional layers in the design. This architecture is further integrated with YOLOv3, resulting in the YOLOv4 model, which will be used by our detection model. Furthermore, to differentiate humans The aforementioned method was used to evaluate drone footage and count social distance violations in real time. Our findings show that our model was reliable and successful at detecting social distance violations in real-time with an average accuracy of 82%.
Multi-modal and bi-directional effects of a synthetic Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) analogue, Nabilone, on spatio-temporal binding windows: Evidence from the projected hand illusion
Authors: Lim Mark J. H. , Iyyalol Rajan , Lee Joseph W. Y. , Martin-Iverson Mathew T.
Published: September 2024

Abnormally widened spatial and temporal binding windows (SBW/TBWs; length of space/time whereby stimuli are considered part of the same percept) are observed in schizophrenia. TBW alterations have been associated with altered sense of agency (hereafter referred to as agency), and an associative relationship between embodiment (body ownership) and agency has been proposed. SBWs/TBWs are investigated separately, but no evidence exists of these being separate in mechanism, system or function. The underlying neural substrate of schizophrenia remains unclear. The literature claims either pro-psychotic or anti-psychotic effects of Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) in patients and healthy individuals, but major support for cannabis in the aetiology of schizophrenia is associative, not causal. To clarify if THC is pro- or anti-psychotic, this single-blind, placebo-controlled within-subjects cross-over study tested several hypotheses. 1) Competing hypotheses that a synthetic THC analogue, Nabilone (NAB, 1–2 mg), would alter measures of agency and embodiment in healthy volunteers (n = 32) similarly, or opposite, to that of in patients with schizophrenia. 2) That there would be significant associations between any NAB-induced alterations in individual agency and embodiment measures in the Projected Hand Illusion (PHI). 3) That there is a unitary spatio-temporal binding window (STBW). A large proportion of individuals did not experience the PHI. Multimodal and bi-directional effects of NAB on the PHI were observed. Evidence of a unitary spatio-temporal binding window (STBW) was observed. NAB widened the STBW in some but narrowed it in others as a function of space and delay. No associations were found between agency and embodiment.
China’s logistics evolution: A study of development characteristics and catalytic effects on economic growth
Authors: Qiao Fuwei , Yang Qinzhe , Shi Wei , Yang Xuedi , Ma Wei , Zhao Lulu , Ouyang Guanwen
Published: September 2024

The impact of logistics development on the economy covers many aspects, such as production, cost, employment, international trade, etc. It is an indispensable part of the modern economy, which helps to improve overall economic efficiency and social prosperity. This study studies the spatiotemporal dynamic evolution characteristics of China’s logistics development from 2008 to 2018 and explores its impact on economic growth in multiple dimensions of time and space. The research findings indicate the following: (1) From 2008 to 2018, China’s logistics development level (LDL) exhibited a clear upward trend. The differences between the eastern, central, and western regions showed fluctuating downward patterns, ultimately converging towards a high-level concentration. Concerning spatial distribution, China’s logistics development demonstrated a trend towards the west and south. However, the spatial pattern of "strong in the east and weak in the west " has existed for a long time. Moreover, the "T-shaped" pattern between coastal provinces and those along the Yangtze River Basin deepened, and the LDL in the central and western regions significantly improved. (2) The advancement of China’s LDL effectively promotes its economic growth, confirming that the Belt and Road Initiative enhances the role of logistics development in driving economic growth. Regarding regional differences, logistics development positively influences economic growth in the eastern and western regions, with a less significant impact on the central region. Regarding the strength of influence, logistics development has a more substantial effect on promoting high-ranking provinces in the entire country, the eastern region, and the central region, as well as boosting economic growth in low-ranking provinces in the western region.
Utility of neuromelanin-sensitive MRI in the diagnosis of dementia with Lewy bodies
Authors: Inagawa Yuta , Inagawa Shoya , Takenoshita Naoto , Yamamoto Ryo , Tsugawa Akito , Yoshimura Mana , Saito Kazuhiro , Shimizu Soichiro
Published: September 2024

Objective

Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is recognized as the second most common cause of degenerative dementia in older people with Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and distinguishing between these 2 diseases may be challenging in clinical practice. However, accurate differentiation is important because these 2 diseases have different prognoses and require different care. Recently, several studies have reported that neuromelanin-sensitive MRI can detect neurodegeneration in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc). DLB patients are considered to demonstrate degeneration and a reduction of dopaminergic neurons in the SNc. Therefore, neuromelanin-sensitive MRI may be useful for the diagnosis of DLB. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to investigate the usefulness of neuromelanin-sensitive MRI in the distinguishing DLB from AD.

Methods

A total of 21 probable DLB and 22 probable AD patients were enrolled. All participants underwent both DaT-SPECT and neuromelanin-sensitive MRI. A combined model of neuromelanin-sensitive MRI and Dopamine transporter single-photon emission computed tomography (DaT-SPECT) was created using logistic regression analysis (forced entry method).

Results

There was no difference in the diagnostic utility of neuromelanin-sensitive MRI and DaT-SPECT in distinguishing DLB from AD. There was no significant correlation between the results of neuromelanin-sensitive MRI and DaT-SPECT in DLB patients. The combination of neuromelanin-sensitive MRI and DaT-SPECT demonstrated higher diagnostic performance in distinguishing between DLB and AD compared with neuromelanin-sensitive MRI alone. Additionally, although the combination of both modalities showed a larger AUC compared with DaT-SPECT alone, the difference was not statistically significant.

Conclusions

Neuromelanin-sensitive MRI may be equally or even more useful than DaT-SPECT in the clinical differentiation of DLB from AD. Furthermore, the combination of neuromelanin-sensitive MRI and DaT-SPECT may be a highly sensitive imaging marker for distinguishing DLB from AD.
Backward induction-based deep image search
Authors: Lee Donghwan , Kim Wooju
Published: September 2024

Conditional image retrieval (CIR), which involves retrieving images by a query image along with user-specified conditions, is essential in computer vision research for efficient image search and automated image analysis. The existing approaches, such as composed image retrieval (CoIR) methods, have been actively studied. However, these methods face challenges as they require either a triplet dataset or richly annotated image-text pairs, which are expensive to obtain. In this work, we demonstrate that CIR at the image-level concept can be achieved using an inverse mapping approach that explores the model’s inductive knowledge. Our proposed CIR method, called Backward Search, updates the query embedding to conform to the condition. Specifically, the embedding of the query image is updated by predicting the probability of the label and minimizing the difference from the condition label. This enables CIR with image-level concepts while preserving the context of the query. In this paper, we introduce the Backward Search method that enables single and multi-conditional image retrieval. Moreover, we efficiently reduce the computation time by distilling the knowledge. We conduct experiments using the WikiArt, aPY, and CUB benchmark datasets. The proposed method achieves an average mAP@10 of 0.541 on the datasets, demonstrating a marked improvement compared to the CoIR methods in our comparative experiments. Furthermore, by employing knowledge distillation with the Backward Search model as the teacher, the student model achieves a significant reduction in computation time, up to 160 times faster with only a slight decrease in performance. The implementation of our method is available at the following URL: https://github.com/dhlee-work/BackwardSearch.
Trem2/Syk/PI3K axis contributes to the host protection against Toxoplasma gondii-induced adverse pregnancy outcomes via modulating decidual macrophages
Authors: Wang Qing , Cao Yining , Ye Songyi , Ding Maoyuan , Ge Wenliang , Liang Yuejin , Chen Jinling
Published: September 2024

Decidual macrophages residing at the maternal-fetal interface have been recognized as pivotal factors for maintaining normal pregnancy; however, they are also key target cells of Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) in the pathology of T. gondii-induced adverse pregnancy. Trem2, as a functional receptor on macrophage surface, recognizes and binds various kinds of pathogens. The role and underlying mechanism of Trem2 in T. gondii infection remain elusive. In the present study, we found that T. gondii infection downregulated Trem2 expression and that Trem2-/- mice exhibited more severe adverse pregnancy outcomes than wildtype mice. We also demonstrated that T. gondii infection resulted in increased decidual macrophages, which were significantly reduced in the Trem2-/- pregnant mouse model as compared to wildtype control animals. We further described the inhibited proliferation, migration, and invasion functions of trophoblast cell by T. gondii antigens through macrophages as an "intermediate bridge", while this inhibition can be rescued by Trem2 agonist HSP60. Concurrently, Trem2 deficiency in bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) heightened the inhibitory effect of TgAg on the migration and invasion of trophoblast cells, accompanied by higher pro-inflammatory factors (IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α) but a lower chemokine (CXCL1) in T. gondii antigens-treated BMDMs. Furthermore, compelling evidence from animal models and in vitro cell experiments suggests that T. gondii inhibits the Trem2-Syk-PI3K signaling pathway, leading to impaired function of decidual macrophages. Therefore, our findings highlight Trem2 signaling as an essential pathway by which decidual macrophages respond to T. gondii infection, suggesting Trem2 as a crucial sensor of decidual macrophages and potential therapeutic target in the pathology of T. gondii-induced adverse pregnancy.
Balancing journalism education and community radio news: A ‘bittersweet’ paradox
Authors: Backhaus Bridget , Anderson Heather
Published: September 2024

The Community Broadcasting Codes of Practice (the Codes) play an important role in shaping what Australians listen to and how they engage with their local community radio station. In a sector defined by grassroots participation and a non-professional, volunteer workforce, the Codes aim to model best practice in terms of content, community participation and governance. Several sections apply specifically to news and current affairs (NCAF) coverage, yet there is no independent research that explores the sector’s alignment with the Codes in this area. Drawing on a content analysis of 572 community radio NCAF stories broadcast on nationally syndicated programmes, and interviews with journalists and news producers, this research sought to critically analyse NCAF coverage on community radio in light of the Codes of Practice. The results of the research suggest that NCAF coverage on community radio broadly aligns with the Codes of Practice, yet there are mixed interpretations of what can be considered ‘views not adequately represented’ elsewhere. Part of this uncertainty stems from the reliance on media students as volunteer journalists. This article interrogates this tension between the sector’s role as an informal ‘training ground’ for aspiring media workers and its remit to provide alternative NCAF coverage.
Australian journalism and challenges of climate change reporting: Lessons for journalists and academics
Authors: Navuku Kylie , Obijiofor Levi
Published: September 2024

A steadily increasing body of scholarship on Australian media coverage of climate change in Pacific Island countries has emerged over the past two decades. Often critical of journalists and media organizations, this body of research still offers much to learn about Australian journalism and coverage of climate change and its impact on Pacific Island countries. Also significant, are lessons that can be learned about the state of research on this subject. The article draws out common themes in the discussion and raises questions about the ways in which journalists and media organizations are framed in scholarship relating to climate change. Through a review of published literature and media content analysis, lessons for journalists, media organizations and academics are outlined. The article contends that there is need for more research on Australian media reporting on climate change in Pacific Island countries. The authors note that there is room for positivity about the future of Australian reporting on climate change in the region.
Dancing hors sujet: On butoh and autism
Authors: Dind Julie Valentine
Published: September 2024

Butoh dance – an avant-garde dance ‘form’ which emerged in Japan in the early 1960s – has been discussed by various scholars in terms of the deconstruction or the unlearning of the social body. In this article, written from my perspective as an autistic butoh dancer, I offer a reflection on the relationship between the autistic body and the butoh body – or rather, I offer a reflection on the relationship between (my) autistic body and (my) butoh body, though I argue that butoh and autism precisely call into question the (neurotypical) assumptions embedded in this sentence. That is, I believe that butoh and autism call into question both the existence of ‘the body’ as a pre-existing form and the notion that it would be the property of an ‘I’, of a subject, of a unified self.
Differing bodyminds: Cripping choreography
Authors: Rutgeerts Jonas , Van Goidsenhoven Leni , Sandahl Carrie
Published: September 2024

This Special Issue originated from the symposium and doctoral seminar Differing Bodyminds – Choreographing New Pathways, held in Leuven (Belgium) a few years ago. Rather than merely documenting the event, our goal is to extend the discussions and practices initiated there into a broader debate on how crip theory can reshape choreographic discourses and practices. As we argue, ‘cripping choreography’ is more than identifying disability dance or critiquing ableist structures; it involves developing a theoretical, phenomenological and performative lens for creating and analysing dance. This lens is rooted in historical and contemporary practices of non-compliant and anti-assimilationist disability-making, doing and knowing, which explicitly position disability as a desirable aspect of our world. Our collection, while building on previous thinking about disability dance and art, aims to reorient the focus from mere representation and inclusion to transformation and creation. It seeks to explore the creative potential of crip choreography poietics, celebrating often ignored and suppressed methods for crip world-making, while also explicitly attending to hopelessness, failure, ‘unlearning’ (Dind, 89 in this issue), ‘non-docile dysdance’ (Watson, 133 in this issue) and ‘wimping out’ (Melkumova-Reynolds, 17 in this issue). All authors in this issue, therefore, engage with this non-utopian perspective: What if we were to cultivate crip’s complexity, carefully tending to the cracks endemic to crip theory, practice, identity and community? How can we hold space for the complexity of crip world-making – its tensions, its failures, its competing priorities, its joys – as it manifests in dance-making processes and aesthetics?
PUNK JAZZ? An interview with John L. Walters and Richard James Burgess of Landscape
Authors: Loydell Rupert
Published: September 2024

Originally an eight-piece jazz band (1974), briefly a sextet (1975) and ultimately a five-piece, Landscape performed anywhere and everywhere they could in and around London and then further afield, from art colleges to village fetes as well as pub and club venues. I’m not sure if I first saw them at The Nashville or The Music Machine, but in 1977 they were a welcome distraction from and contrast to the pub rock and recycled pub rock of punk.
Primary Liver Cancer Risk and Mortality in Patients With Alcohol-Related Cirrhosis in England and Denmark: Observational Cohort Studies
Authors: Jensen Morten Daniel , West Joe , Crooks Colin , Morling Joanne R. , Kraglund Frederik , Card Tim , Askgaard Gro , Jepsen Peter
Published: September 2024

INTRODUCTION:

Patients with alcohol-related cirrhosis (ALD cirrhosis) have an increased risk of primary liver cancer (hepatocellular carcinoma [HCC] or intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma [iCCA]). England recommends surveillance for HCC in these patients, while Denmark does not.

METHODS:

We performed an observational cohort study using the English Clinical Practice Research Datalink and the nationwide Danish healthcare registries to identify 17,110 English (2000–2016) and 22,122 Danish (1994–2022) patients with diagnosis codes of ALD cirrhosis. We computed and compared incidence rates and cumulative incidence of primary liver cancer, annual ultrasound scan rates, and mortality following diagnosis of primary liver cancer.

RESULTS:

The overall risk of primary liver cancer was similar in England and Denmark: 5-year risk was 2.24% (95% confidence interval 2.00–2.49) in England (iCCA 0.07%, HCC 2.16%) and 2.36% (2.15–2.57) in Denmark (iCCA 0.05%, HCC 2.30%). The annual rate of ultrasound scans per person was 0.65 (0.63–0.67) in England and 0.44 (0.42–0.46) in Denmark. The 1-year mortality after a diagnosis of primary liver cancer was 59.2% (54.4–64.0) in England and 60.9% (57.4–64.4) in Denmark. The 3-year risks of HCC in those on vs off surveillance in England were 2.3% (1.0–4.6) vs 1.5% (1.0–2.2).

DISCUSSION:

The risk of primary liver cancer was the same in English and Danish patients with ALD cirrhosis, and HCCs constituted 97% of primary liver cancers. Mortality with primary liver cancer was equally high in both countries. Notably, in England, where guidance recommends biannual HCC surveillance with ultrasound, patients with ALD cirrhosis were undergoing fewer than 1 ultrasound scan per year.
Núcleos narrativos novelísticos en el episodio de Píramo y Tisbe (Met. 4. 55-166)
Authors: Cortez Paloma
Published: September 2024

Ante la multiplicidad de géneros de los que se nutre Metamorfosis de Ovidio, buscamos profundizar su relación con la novela antigua atendiendo a los puntos de contacto que se pueden reconocer en la historia de Píramo y Tisbe (Met. 4. 55-166) con los tópicos de la novela antigua. En primer lugar, estudiaremos su vínculo con la historia de Nino y Semíramis, aludida por el narrador externo del poema ovidiano, y luego nos concentraremos en los núcleos narrativos de las novelas conservadas íntegramente, que están presentes también en el relato de Píramo y Tisbe.
Capacidad de ahorro del hogar. Un estudio basado en datos de un panel
Authors: Tedesca Juan Pablo , Meyer Roberto Delfor , Bulgarella Esteban
Published: September 2024

Se aborda un tema poco difundido en la literatura científica pero de interés para el análisis del clima social y sus efectos posteriores sobre la estabilidad política y económica de la comunidad. La percepción de la capacidad para invertir de las familias es monitoreada a través de un panel de hogares en la ciudad de Santa Fe, República Argentina, con la presunción de su correlación con la fenomenología disruptiva que es frecuente en periodos de inestabilidad. Este trabajo es preliminar para una serie de estudios vinculados al panel de hogares del Observatorio Social de la Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Su objetivo principal ha sido ajustar la metodología de análisis de los datosdel panel utilizando variables explicativas características de los jefes de hogar y su percepción sobre la propia capacidad de ahorro de la familia. Los resultados permiten estimar significativamente las chances de inversión de jefes de hogar con mayores niveles educativos y mejores ingresos corrientes, y no lo logran respecto de la edad, entre otras variables exploradas. Se espera proseguir esta línea de trabajo con la expectativa de prever estadísticamente el impacto de las reiteradas crisis económicas en familias con jefes de hogar de menores recursos humanos y económicos.
Community Asset Mapping in Indonesian Local Micro Enterprise Empowerment: Insights from Sukamantri Village
Authors: Kunyati Siti Anah , Radianti Jaziar
Published: September 2024

This study aims to assess community resources for development and to pinpoint the challenges faced by palm sugar micro-businesses. A qualitative approach was used, involving ten participants. Data was gathered through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The results reveal a strong sense of community and a significant entrepreneurial drive among residents. However, there is untapped potential in environmental resources for land development that could support the cultivation of sugar palm trees, which are currently endangered. On the other hand, economic resources, such as the palm sugar marketing network, production enhancement, and sourcing of raw materials, are underdeveloped due to community isolation, reliance on traditional markets, and a lack of knowledge about digital marketing. The lack of management institutions, capacity-building programs, social network support, and government assistance greatly hinders the growth of these resources and the micro-businesses. To improve the capabilities of palm sugar micro-entrepreneurs in Sukamantri Village, it is crucial to tackle several key issues, including poor business management practices, weaknesses in local institutions, limited networking opportunities, and challenges related to funding and support. The researchers suggest that local government and the private sector should focus on support programs, enhancing the management and production processes of palm sugar micro-enterprises.
Сovalent doping of carbon nitride with carbazole and benzochalcodiazoles: simulation of elec-tronic properties in alternative approximations
Authors:   South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russia, Grigoreva E. , Matveychuk Y.
Published: September 2024

The results of theoretical consideration of the electronic properties are presented for compounds based on carbon nitride fragments consisting of three heptazine rings (melon) covalently bonded with heterocyclic substitutes (electron acceptors like 2,1,3-benzochalcodiazoles and electron do-nors like carbazole). The simulation has been performed at two alternative levels: a molecular gas-phase model and a model of one-dimensional polymer with periodic boundary conditions. These levels have allowed comparing the energy change of frontier orbitals and the band gap of a chain polymer for the same compounds. It has been found that, on the one hand, the selenium-containing heterocycles reduce the energy change of frontier orbitals significantly more than other covalently bonded dopants of the considered series; on the other hand, the doping of melon with mere carba-zole minimizes the band gap. At efficient doping, which minimizes the energy change of frontier orbitals the highest occupied orbital is localized on the electron-donor fragment of the molecule, and the lowest unoccupied orbital is localized on the electron-acceptor fragment of the molecule. It has also been shown that the doped melons form complexes with benzyl alcohol due to appear-ance of non-covalent bonds between them. Wherein, the lower strength of such bonds in complex-es with melon, substituted with the electron-acceptor selenium-containing fragments, suggests more efficient oxidation of an alcohol in such systems. The simulation results appropriately corre-spond to the available experimental data of the band gap of melon doped with electron acceptor molecules. The fast gas-phase calculations are suitable for qualitative estimation of dependences of the energy change of frontier orbitals upon their type and the amount of covalently bonded do-pant, whereas the more expensive calculations of polymer structures allow a correct estimation of the band gap values of carbon nitride polymers with various dopants.
Counteraction of living systems to the development of age cataract. Physico-chemical explanation.
Authors:   LLC “Enterprise Reper-NN”, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia, Treushnikov V. , Semenov V. ,   Federal State Budgetary Institution of Science G.A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chem-istry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
Published: September 2024

Simultaneous processes occur in living systems that lead to both an increase in entropy (chaos) and its decrease. A decrease in entropy is possible only in open systems, associated with a contin-uous flow of energy-intensive compounds into them, such as glucose, the oxidation of which is energetically associated with the synthesis of ATP, the universal carrier of chemical energy to en-sure functioning of living systems. When energy-intensive compounds are oxidized, entropy in-creases, and when ATP is synthesized, it decreases. In living systems, not only reactions associated with the synthesis of ATP and their functioning occur, but also aging does, namely, the oxidation of hydrophobic formations in cells, in particular, the membrane matrix, following the type of chain reactions with degenerate branching. The development of such chain reactions of oxidation in cells can be prevented by the penetration into them of various antioxidants, for example, resvera-trol, which is contained in grapes and other plants, and quenchers of molecular oxygen in the sin-glet state, for example, iodides, as well as by creating cyclic processes involving desaturases that prevent an increase in viscosity in the matrix of membranes up to certain limiting values, after which cell death becomes inevitable. In this regard, the processes leading to cataracts (clouding of the eye lenses) are indicative. In the absence of desaturases in the lens fibers of rats, exposure to UV light leads to cataracts in 2–4 months, while the presence of desaturases in human eye lens fi-bers makes it possible to avoid the occurrence of cataracts for many decades. The reaction of con-version of lipids with saturated fatty acids into unsaturated ones, catalyzed by desaturases, leads to counteracting the aging of the membrane matrix. The vital feature of this reaction is that it oc-curs only when the membrane matrix is cured. This reaction first leads to liquefaction of the ma-trix up to a certain state, after which it stops. The reasons leading either to revival of desaturase or to decrease in its activity are discussed in this article.
Sebaran Habitat Asuh Spesies Kepiting Tapal Kuda Di Pantai Pendopo Teritip, Balikpapan
Authors: Sundah Rafly Zhulkifly Karel , Setiyono Heryoso , Aini Naila Khuril , Miranda Hanifa
Published: September 2024

Kepiting tapal kuda memiliki bentuk ladam atau tapal kuda dan memiliki kulit keras serta memiliki potensi untuk kesehatan. Populasi kepiting tapal kuda di seluruh dunia menunjukkan tren menurun akibat dari eksploitasi yang berlebihan. Pola sebaran habitat asuh kepiting tapal kuda dipengaruhi oleh beberapa factor diantaranya kelembaban, suhu, pH dan lainnya. Pengetahuan ini menjadi penting untuk dipahami agar memastikan kelestarian dari kepiting tapal kuda. Potensi manfaat dari kepiting tapal kuda banyak, tetapi penelitian tentang hewan ini masih sedikit.. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memetakan sebaran populasi juvenil kepiting tapal kuda dan karakteristik habitat asuh di Pantai Teritip, Kalimantan Timur. Penelitian ini dilakukan dalam rentang waktu Januari hingga April 2022. Data yang digunakan yaitu suhu, pH, salinita, oksigen terlarut, kelembaban dan lainnya. Sebaran juvenil ditemukan pada area dekat muara sungai dan hutan mangrove. Keberadaan juvenile mengalami perubahan lokasi dari di setiap bulannya. Januari, kepadatan kepiting tapal kudal tertinggi berada di dekat muara sungai. Kepadatan tertinggi kemudian bergerak sedikit ke arah selatan hutan mangrove hingga kembali lagi ke dekat muara di bulan Maret. Pada bulan April, keberadaan juvenil masih berada di dekat muara namun lebih meluas. Kepadatan juvenil T. gigas berkisar antara 0-3.29 Ind./64 m2, C. rotundicauda yaitu 0.36-2.89 Ind./64 m2, T. tridentatus yaitu 0-0.52 ind./64 m2. Suhu dan jenis sedimen lebih berpengaruh terhadap distribusi kepiting tapal kuda dibandingkan parameter yang lain.
Pod bičem (nikoli jen milostným)
Authors: Harák Ivo
Published: September 2024

Ivo Harák se ve své studii zabývá básnickým dílem jednoho z nejvýraznějších představitelů české spirituelní lyriky XX. století Jana Zahradníčka. Zevrubně analyzuje jeho básnické sbírky – využívaje při tom znalosti nejvýznamnějších textů sekundární literatury, které jsou věnovány Zahradníčkově tvorbě. Pokouší se narýsovat vývojovou linii Zahradníčkova díla od vrcholných autorových sbírek druhé poloviny 30. let dvacátého století po poslední za 2. světové války vydanou sbírku Pod bičem milostným. Ukazuje při tom na myšlenkové a tvárné dominanty, jež se v Zahradníčkove tvorbě opakují, variují a prohlubují, ale také na problematická místa Zahradníčkova básnění (se snahou odhalit motivaci tvůrčích proměn). Harák zde také navazuje na pozornost, již věnoval obdobným autorům (Ivanu Slavíkovi, Vladimíru Vokolkovi, Josefovi Suchému a Zdeňku Rotreklovi) i samotnému Janu Zahradníčkovi (jehož předchozí vývoj zachytil ve studii K slavení já však zrozen jsem).
Clinical value of macrogenome next-generation sequencing on infections
Authors: Han Benfa , Zhang Xiaoli , Li Xiuxi , Chen Mei , Ma Yanlin , Zhang Yunxia , Huo Song
Published: September 2024

Intracranial infection (ICI) is a frequent and serious complication after neurosurgery. Macrogenome next-generation sequencing (mNGS) technology can provide reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment of ICI. This work aimed to explore the application value of mNGS technology in analyzing the clinical characteristics of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and ICI after neurosurgery. A total of 60 patients with ICI were enrolled as the research objects, all patients underwent routine cerebrospinal fluid analysis and traditional pathogen detection, followed by mNGS genome analysis. Using clinical diagnosis of ICI as the gold standard, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value for both detection methods were calculated. Receiver operating characteristic curves were constructed to assess the area under the curve (AUC) for evaluating the clinical value of mNGS in suspected intracranial infectious pathogen diagnosis. Results showed a positivity rate of 71.67% (43 cases) with mNGS compared to 28.33% (17 cases) with traditional pathogen detection methods, demonstrating a significant difference (P < 0.05). The sensitivity of mNGS for detecting ICIs was 83.7%, significantly higher than the 34.88% observed with traditional methods (P < 0.05). The pathogen detection rate of mNGS was higher than traditional methods (P = 0.002), with an AUC of 0.856 (95% CI: 0.638–0.967), significantly greater than the AUC of 0.572 (95% CI: 0.350–0.792) for traditional methods (P < 0.05). mNGS successfully identified microorganisms such as Cryptococcus, Propionibacterium, Staphylococcus, Corynebacterium, Micrococcus, and Candida associated with ICIs. These findings underscore the clinical applicability of mNGS technology in analyzing the characteristics of HIV infection and ICI post-neurosurgical procedures. This technology enables more accurate diagnosis and treatment of ICIs, providing valuable insights for developing effective therapeutic strategies.
Exploring the hepatoprotective properties of citronellol: In vitro and in silico studies on ethanol-induced damage in HepG2 cells
Authors: Malik Muhammad Nasir Hayat , Abid Iqra , Ismail Sana , Anjum Irfan , Qadir Halima , Maqbool Tahir , Najam Komal , Ibenmoussa Samir , Bourhia Mohammed , Salamatullah Ahmad Mohammad , Wondmie Gezahign Fentahun
Published: September 2024

Citronellol (CT) is a monoterpene alcohol present in the essential oil of plants of the genus Cymbopogon and exhibits diverse pharmacological activities. The aim of the current study was to investigate the hepatoprotective potential of CT against ethanol-induced toxicity in HepG2 cell lines. Silymarin (SIL) was used as a standard drug. MTT, crystal violet assay, DAPI, and PI staining were carried out to assess the effect of ethanol and CT on cell viability. RT-PCR determined the molecular mechanisms of hepatoprotective action of CT. CT ameliorated cell viability and restricted ethanol-induced cell death. DAPI and PI staining showed distinct differences in cell number and morphology. Less cell viability was observed in the diseased group obviously from strong PI staining when compared to the CT- and SIL-treated group. Moreover, CT showed downregulation of interleukin (IL-6), transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1), collagen type 1 A 1 (COL1A1), matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) and glutathione peroxidase-7 (GPX-7) levels. Molecular docking studies supported the biochemical findings. It is concluded that the cytoprotective activity of CT against ethanol-induced toxicity might be explained by its anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and collagen-regulating effects.
(Re)Imagining the future of multicultural education: reinvesting, reorienting, and reshaping multicultural education
Authors: Young Jemimah L. , James Marlon , Williams John , Díaz Beltrán Ana Carolina , Neshyba Mónica V.
Published: September 2024

Multicultural education (ME) remains essential to the development of a critical mass of culturally and socially conscious global citizens. Yet, as a field, the minoritization of ME parallels the marginalization of those whom the field was designed to support and uplift. Despite growing movements to overturn policies and programs that support diverse learners, many still ponder whether ME remains relevant to American society. Thus, this article aimed to (re)imagine the future of ME by proffering three considerations to support the uptake and sustainability of ME. In the present article, we argue that scholars reinvest, reorient, and reshape ME. First, we argue that it is important to recognize that multicultural education (ME) is a unique field with a critical role in education as well as significant implications beyond the academic environment. Then, we must reinvest in the future of ME financially, socially, and emotionally. Through reinvestment, we can reorient the ME field, resituating it in relation to the challenges of today’s racially and ethnically tense, pluralistic society. To this end, reshaping ME programs is key, including revitalizing coursework to effectively prepare educators, lay persons, social justice advocates, and others interested in universal equity. Implications for the future of ME are provided, as well as recommendations for actualizing these considerations.
D-features or ellipsis in null subject licensing? Evidence from Brazilian and European Portuguese
Authors: Martins Ana Maria , Nunes Jairo
Published: September 2024

Holmberg (Holmberg, Anders. 2005. Is there a little pro? Evidence from Finnish. Linguistic Inquiry 36(4). 533–564) and its revised version in Holmberg et al. (Holmberg, Anders, Aarti Nayudu & Michelle Sheehan. 2009. Three partial null-subject languages: A comparison of Brazilian Portuguese, Finnish, and Marathi. Studia Linguistica 63(1). 59–97) derive the availability of null subjects in a given language from the interaction between T with/without a D(efiniteness)-feature and the features of subject pronouns. Their theory predicts the existence of consistent null subject languages, whose T has the D-feature, and partial null subject languages, whose T lacks the D-feature. This paper examines this D-feature approach to null subjects against the empirical evidence provided by Brazilian Portuguese, a partial null subject language, and European Portuguese, a consistent null subject language, showing that it cannot account for the range of microvariation observed with respect to different null subject pronouns and the type of T (finite vs. participle vs. gerund). We argue that, in comparison, the ellipsis account of null subject licensing put forward in Martins and Nunes (Martins, Ana Maria & Jairo Nunes. 2021. Brazilian and European Portuguese and Holmberg’s 2005 typology of null subject languages. In Sergio Baauw, Frank Drijkoningen & Luisa Meroni (eds.), Romance languages and linguistic theory 2018. Selected papers from “Going Romance” 32, Utrecht, 171–190. Amsterdam & Philadelphia: John Benjamins) fares better. It retains from Holmberg (Holmberg, Anders. 2005. Is there a little pro? Evidence from Finnish. Linguistic Inquiry 36(4). 533–564 et seq.) the insight that the licensing of null subjects depends on the interaction between the features of T and the features of subject pronouns but resorts only to ϕ-features and Case. Crucially, it relies on the (theoretically and empirically) plausible assumption that the relation between abstract ϕ-features and verbal agreement morphology need not be transparent.
Kommunale Gesundheitskampagnen in Zeiten des Klimawandels: Möglichkeiten und Grenzen kollektiver Sensibilisierung und Aktivierung
Authors: Scherenberg Viviane
Published: September 2024

Die enorme Bedeutung von Gesundheitskampagnen wurde besonders während der COVID-19-Pandemie deutlich. Doch auch angesichts der direkten und indirekten Folgen des Klimawandels scheint es erforderlich, effektive Gesundheitskampagnen zu entwickeln, um die Gesundheitsrisiken zu minimieren. Neben der gezielten Stärkung der umweltbezogenen Gesundheitskompetenz können gerade Gesundheitskampagnen einen bedeutenden Beitrag leisten, um die breite Bevölkerung zu sensibilisieren und zu aktivieren.
Evaluation einer Förderung für kommunale Steuerungsstrukturen für Gesundheitsförderung
Authors: Vollmer Janko , Stengel Verena , Loss Julika , Kolip Petra
Published: September 2024

Das GKV-Bündnis für Gesundheit fördert gesundheitsfördernde Steuerungsstrukturen in 63 Kommunen. Die wissenschaftliche Programmevaluation führte Online-Befragungen und Interviews mit den kommunalen Ansprechpersonen durch. Die Zwischenergebnisse zeigen, dass nach zwei Jahren Förderung die meisten Kommunen ein intersektorales Steuerungsgremium haben, in dem vielfältige Akteursgruppen vertreten sind. Verbesserungen sind vor allem noch bezüglich der Beteiligung bestimmter Ressorts und bei der Etablierung der Prozesskoordination in einigen Kommunen möglich.
Gemeinsam soziale Teilhabe und Gesundheit stärken: Programm teamw()rk
Authors: Bojkowska Izabela , Weiß Angelina , Salman Kristina , Reichert Cornelia
Published: September 2024

Das bundesweite Programm „teamw()rk“ stärkt Gesundheit und soziale Teilhabe von Menschen in Erwerbslosigkeit durch die Verzahnung von Arbeits- und Gesundheitsförderung. In Hessen und Berlin entwickeln Jobcenter und lokale Akteur*innen bedarfsgerechte, interdisziplinär umgesetzte Angebote. Praxiserfahrungen unterstreichen die Notwendigkeit von Partizipation und Empowerment. Weiterführende partizipative Forschung und politische Unterstützung sind entscheidend für eine nachhaltige Umsetzung.
Zunehmende Hitzetage erfordern bessere Zugänge zu Trinkwasser
Authors: Fischer Julian , Lanzl Dominik , Pinz Anika
Published: September 2024

Angesichts von Klimawandel und zunehmenden Hitzetagen wird es für Städte und Gemeinden immer wichtiger, die Zugänge zu Trinkwasser zu verbessern. Der gemeinnützige Verein a tip: tap zeigt in der Praxis erprobte Maßnahmen zur Förderung des Trinkwassergenusses auf.
Strategien für eine bewegungsfreundliche Kommune – Von der Planung bis zur Evaluation
Authors: Bußkamp Annalena , Vonstein Claudia , De Bock Freia , Bosle Catherin , Halbach Sarah , Aluttis Christoph
Published: September 2024

Bewegung ist ein Schlüsselfaktor für den Erhalt und die Förderung der Gesundheit. Kommunen nehmen eine entscheidende Rolle ein, da sie das Umfeld für alle Bürgerinnen und Bürger bewegungsfreundlich gestalten können. Hierzu können Kommunen sich an einem Prozess zur Entwicklung einer bewegungs- und gesundheitsförderlichen Lebenswelt der WHO orientieren, der im Programm „Älter werden in Balance“ getestet und im Rahmen des digitalen Planungstools „Impulsgeber Bewegungsförderung“ implementiert wurde.
New data about the provenance of the Early Eneolithic copper artefacts from western Lesser Poland
Authors: Wilk Stanisław , Zofia Anna Stos-Gale , Schwab Roland , Zastawny Albert , Sych Dawid , Kiełtyka-Sołtysiak Gabriela , Momot Małgorzata
Published: September 2024

The Early Eneolithic period in Lesser Poland is represented by the Lublin-Volhynian culture and the Wyciąże-Złotniki group. For both of them, the main cultural references were the Middle Copper Age groups from the Carpathian Basin (the Bodrogkeresztúr, the Hunyadihalom-Lažňany, the Balaton-Lasinja cultures, as well as the Ludanice, and the Bajč-Retz-Gajary groups). One of the most important indicators of the Transcarpathian influence was the use of various copper objects by local communities and their deposition in graves. A set of seventeen objects, mostly from well-dated grave contexts, was analysed to establish the provenance of the copper artefacts used in western Lesser Poland. This set included artefacts discovered in Złota Grodzisko I and Grodzisko II, Książnice 2, Koniecmosty, Kraków-Wyciąże 5 and Kraków-Cło 7. Energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence analysis was used to study the chemical compositions, while lead isotope ratios were determined using a inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (HR-MC-ICP-MS). In addition, some of the objects were visually inspected under a digital microscope to determine how they were made and used. As a result of this analytical programme, it was possible to establish that both Lesser Poland groups used the same copper distribution networks. Initially (c. 4050–3950 BC), the copper originated from the mines in Serbia that at the time were controlled, as suggested in the literature, by the peoples of the Bodrogkeresztúr culture, and also from the mines in the Slovak ore Mountains, linked to the Ludanice group. It appears, however, that from c. 3950 BC onwards, the only source of metal for the production of copper objects used by the inhabitants of western Lesser Poland were the mines located in the Slovak Ore Mountains. This research also suggested that, while around 3950–3800 BC, there was a marked regression in the production and use of copper artefacts in the Carpathian Basin, in the area of western Lesser Poland there was an increase in the use and, most likely, local production of original copper jewellery.
Efficacy of Cytokine Hemoadsorption with Efferon CT in Severe Acute Pancreatitis
Authors: Kiselev V. V. , Zhigalova M. S. , Klychnikova E. V. , Rey S. I. , Yartsev P. A.
Published: September 2024

The aim of the study was to evaluate the eﬀect of cytokine hemoadsorption on clinical manifestations and laboratory parameters in patients with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP).

Materials and methods. The single-center, observational, controlled pilot study included 34 patients, 25 men (73.4%) and 9 women (26.4%), treated for severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) at the N. V. Sklifosovsky Emergency Care Research Institute from May 2022 to August 2023 (ClinicalTrials.gov ID NCT05695001). The mean age of the patients was 42.7±12.6 years. Participants were divided into two groups. In the main group (8 men and 1 woman], mean age 37.2±9.4 years), standard care was supplemented by selective cytokine hemoadsorption (SCH) and renal replacement therapy (RRT) using continuous veno-venous hemoﬁltration (CVVH) in the ﬁrst 72 hours after the onset of abdominal pain syndrome (APS). In the control group (N=25, 18 men and 7 women], mean age 44.7±13.2 years), patients were managed similarly except for SCH.

Results. After 24 hours in the ICU, the study group had signiﬁcantly lower levels of lactate (P=0.045) and IL-6 (P<0.001) than the control group. Lactate and IL-6 concentrations remained signiﬁcantly diﬀerent between groups at 72 hours (P<0.001 and P<0.05, respectively). ICU stay was signiﬁcantly shorter in the study group, with a median of 6 days [95% CI, 4–25] before transfer to the general ward, whereas patients in the control group spent 37 days [95% CI, 22–73] in the ICU (P<0.001).

Conclusion. CVVH is an eﬀective method of extracorporeal detoxiﬁcation in the management of SAP, but it is less speciﬁc than cytokine adsorption in terms of elimination of proinﬂammatory markers. The data obtained provide suﬃcient evidence to consider the combination of these two modalities as the most eﬀective approach for the management of SAP.