bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of potential genotoxicity of deicing material in the test for induction of dominant lethal mutations in germ cells of male Drosophila
Authors: Sbitnev Anton V. , Urtseva Nadezhda A. , Nikitina Tatyana A. , Vodyanova Mariya A.
Published: October 2024

Introduction. Long-term use of deicing materials (DM) is one of the significant factors causing the active distribution of various chemical compounds that are part of multicomponent deicing mixtures in the environment. In this regard, the expansion of methodological approaches to assessing their biological hazard remains important.
Materials and methods. The DM used for research based on a mixture of urea with magnesium and ammonium nitrates. The DM was tested in the form of an aqueous solution and added to the soil to obtain an aqueous extract. The analysis includes test for induced dominant lethal mutations in Drosophila male germ cells.
Results. All samples tested significantly reduced the fertility of Drosophila males. The frequencies of early dominant lethal mutations (EDLM) significantly exceeded the levels of the controls, and the effects of the soil extract appeared at the lowest concentration – 5 g/L and of the DM solution – 10 g/L. The trend in the rate of late dominant lethal mutations (LDLM) indicates to the death of sperm or a decrease in mating potency.
Limitations. The method of inducing dominant lethal mutations in Drosophila melanogaster and the genotoxic effects assessment of DM in the germ cells of male flies within the study has no restrictions.
Conclusion. The conducted test is so far the only one in the field of research into the genetic safety of multicomponent DMs using a method for induced dominant lethal mutations in Drosophila male germ cells. The results prove the high informative rate of the methodological approach which involves analyzing soil extracts to identify and assess a genotoxicity of DM component composition when it enters the soil which can become as a transit layer for migration of DM components and their products transformation into groundwater.
Modern alternative research methods in genetic toxicology (literature review)
Authors: Egorova Olga V. , Ilyushina Natalia A.
Published: October 2024

The review represents the current principles of assessment of chemicals genotoxicity. The main attention is paid to alternative research methods. The international experience of the application of alternative approaches and prospects of their use for regulatory purposes are discussed.
The data for this review were collected from the Russian and foreign literature, as well as Internet resources, concerning the development of the new alternative methods for testing chemicals for genotoxicity. The OECD database, Scopus, Medline, Google Scholar, RISC, CyberLeninka were used for the information retrieval.
Although the evaluation of genotoxicity of chemical substances is the well-established and based on the battery of validated methods, the studies for improving the existing tests and developing new technologies, including the alternative approaches, continue unabated up to now.
In general, three trends of development of genetic toxicology can be outlined, including creating of new methods based on the whole-genome sequencing and the application of genome editing technologies; implementation of quantitative system of effects assessment in addition to the existing qualitative approach (mutagenic/non-mutagenic) and testing of various combinations of genotoxicity evaluation methods to identify a battery of tests with a greater predictive activity regarding carcinogenic effects.
To use the developed alternative models for regulatory purposes, it is necessary to provide convincing evidence that the data obtained are good predictors of the organism’s actual response to the effects of toxicants/genotoxicants, validation of methods, standardization, and harmonization of research protocols, and changes to the existing regulatory framework are required.
Features of the microbiome of burial soils
Authors: Ushakova Olga V. , Rakhmanin Yuriy A. , Evseeva Irina S.
Published: October 2024

Introduction. On the territory of the Russian Federation, as well as worldwide, a large amount of space is allocated for burials. The soils found in the burial areas have their own characteristics. In the scientific literature there is a few works devoted to the problem of hygienic assessment of cemeteries from the point of view of their impact on the environment, as well as on the population living next to necrosols or working on them. Depending on the chemical and biological effects, the microbial composition of the soil changes. This process is influenced by many factors, including humidity, the initial content of organic and mineral substances, level of acidity, structure of the soil and peculiarities of the course of intra-soil gas-phase reactions. The key participants in the decomposition of organic material are bacteria and fungi, the diversity and dynamics of which directly depend on the degree of soil contamination with pollutants.
The purpose of this study was to analyze the microbiota of cemetery soil in its various layers.
Materials and methods. The cemeteries of Moscow (NikoloKhovanskoye, Nikolo-Arkhangelskoye, Perepechenskoye), Moscow (Mytishchenskoye, Domodedovo), Tula (Municipal Cemetery No. 1 of the Municipal State Enterprise of the Municipal Formation of the City of Tula Combine of Specialized Services), Kursk (old city cemetery Kurchatov), Krasnoyarsk (Zheleznogorsk) regions and Altai (Yarovoye) Krais were selected as research objects for assessing the microbiome of soils.
Results. The most common bacterial pathogens were found to be Enterococcus spp. (81%), Bacillus spp. (75%) and E. coli (45.1%). Mushrooms of Penicillium spp.. were isolated from 61% of the samples. The revealed microbiota profiles of the samples of the studied cemetery soils reflect the microbial composition of humans, which allows substantiating the main methods and algorithm for identifying decomposition processes depending on the time frame of burials.
Limitations. The limitation of the study is due to the risk of contact with cemetery soil was not assessed, since not all genera of isolated microorganisms could be identified by their biochemical properties.
Conclusion. Studies conducted in cemetery areas have shown how diverse the soil microbiome is in burial sites and varies depending on the depth of sampling. The microbiota profiles of cemetery soil samples identified during the study reflect the lifetime microbial composition of the human body, which makes it possible to substantiate approaches to identifying decomposition processes depending on the time frame of burials.
Age trend in the mortality from diseases of the circulatory system during the pandemic under a decrease in air pollution
Authors: Efimova Natalya V. , Bobkova Elena V. , Zarodnyuk Tatyana S. , Gornov Alexander Yu.
Published: October 2024

Introduction. The results of large-scale studies of the mortality from diseases of the circulatory system (DCS) during the pandemic require further analysis of the data and the search for modifying factors.
The purpose is to identify the features of the trend in the mortality from DCS in the population of an industrial center during a pandemic under changes in air pollution.
Materials and methods. The research was carried out in the industrial center – Bratsk. Age-specific mortality rates were studied using exponential models in the background (2017) and pandemic (2021) periods. The contribution of atmospheric air pollution to the mortality rate was calculated in accordance with the “Guidelines for assessing the risk to public health from exposure to chemical substances that pollute the environment.”
Results. The age-related increase in the mortality rate from DCS over 2017 was 125%, and during 2021 – 172%. During the pandemic, the excess mortality rate was in cases older 80 years – 35.92‰, 70–79 – 8.48‰, 60–69 – 1.03‰. PM10 levels in the air decreased from high to alarming levels in 2021, resulting in a reduction in excess PM10-related deaths from 194 (CI: 193.6–195.1) to 5.0 (CI: 4.8–5.1) cases.
Limitations are associated with incomplete epidemiological knowledge about the dependence of mortality from DCS on exposure to air pollutants.
Conclusion. The use of nonlinear regression analysis made it possible to demonstrate changes in trends in age-specific mortality during the background period and during the pandemic. During the pandemic, the level of excess mortality was revealed to relate with PM10 air pollution decreased.
Comparative analysis of the primary morbidity in the population in the territory of accumulated risk over the post-operation period of a chemical enterprise
Authors: Mylnikova Inna V. , Ushakova Oksana V. , Efimova Natalya V. , Katamanova Elena V.
Published: October 2024

Introduction. The long-term operation of the chemical enterprise has led to the formation of an area of accumulated harm to public health.
The purpose of the study is to investigate the trend in newly identified morbidity in various population groups living in areas of accumulated chemical pollution of the environment.
Materials and methods. The primary morbidity rate of the population of Usolye-Sibirskoye was assessed retrospectively according to official statistical reporting – during 1985–1995. and 2016–2022. Relative rates of incidence among children and adults (per 1000 population) were calculated. The trend in the incidence of malignant neoplasms was studied using regression analysis and growth (decrease) rates.
Results. Over 2016–2022 there was a gain in the incidence in the population: in 0–14 years children by classes: certain conditions in the perinatal period, blood diseases, neoplasms; in 15–17 years adolescents: by class of disease of the circulatory system, blood, endocrine and genitourinary systems, congenital malformations, neoplasms; in the adult population by classes of diseases including congenital malformations, diseases of the endocrine system, circulatory system, musculoskeletal system and blood diseases, neoplasms.
Limitations are due to changes in the structure of statistical reporting forms and various etiological factors for diseases included in one class of diseases.
Conclusion. During the post-operation period of the city-forming enterprise, an increase in incidence in children and adults was revealed. Undoubtedly, the formation of pathology was influenced not only by the unfavourable environmental situation in the city, but also by socio-economic conditions. To optimize medical and preventive measures to improve and preserve public health, it is necessary to conduct further studies of the health status in the population in the area of accumulated chemical pollution.
Aluminum exposure levels in workers at electrolytic production
Authors: Lisetskaya Lyudmila G.
Published: October 2024

Introduction. Occupational exposure to aluminum has been established to lead to accumulation of metal in tissues and create a risk of functional impairment in the central nervous system.
The aim of the work was to assess the levels of external and internal aluminum exposure in workers at the electrolytic production of aluminum under modern occupation conditions.
Materials and methods. Two hundred fifty measurements of the average shift aluminum oxide concentration were analyzed at various stages of the technological process. The urine aluminum concentration urine was determined by the atomic absorption method.
Results. The aluminum oxide concentration in the housings with the unbaked anode technology varied from 0.59 to 17.95 mg/m3. The MPC was exceeded at the electrolyzer workplace in 10% of measurements, the anode maker — in 40%, and the crane operator – in 50%. In housings with a baked anode, the aluminum oxide concentration in all measurements did not exceed the MPC. The highest aluminum emission was observed in occupational groups associated with unbaked anodes. A trend model was constructed for the dependence of urine aluminum concentration on the aluminum dioxide level in the air, which has the form of an exponential curve. The bend in the curve begins with an air aluminum dioxide content of about 4.2 mg/m3.
Limitations. The study is limited by the number of examined workers who underwent periodic medical examination.
Conclusion. The results of biomonitoring showed the elimination of aluminum with urine to reflect the level of exposure to the toxicant. The equation of the dependence of the urine aluminum concentration on the air aluminum dioxide level was calculated.
Role of gene polymorphism in the development of disorders of the lipid profile in individuals exposed to chemicals
Authors: Kudaeva Irina V. , Lakhman Oleg L. , Lysenko Anastasia A. , Belik Vladimir P. , Prokhorova Polina G. , Starkova Alla S. , Kodinets Irina N. , Kucherova Nadezhda G.
Published: October 2024

Introduction. The prevalence of arterial hypertension and dyslipidemia in the Russian population exceeds 50%. By a number of working industrial factors have been proved to play the negative role in their development. The results of earlier studies indicate to the epigenetic role of toxic substances in relation to various genes.
The aim of the study was to establish associations of polymorphic variants of cardiovascular risk genes with disorders of lipid metabolism in workers performing liquidation works in the accumulated environmental risks zone.
Materials and methods. Ninety two and 82 employees from Federal Environmental Operator (FEO) and EMERCOM, respectively were studied. Parameters of lipid metabolism and polymorphic variants of APOE Cys130Arg (rs429358) and PPARG Pro12Ala (rs1801282) genes were investigated.
Results. In FEO workers, each variant allele of the APOE Cys130Arg gene is associated with impaired LDL-C concentration in an additive manner (OR = 2.69; 95% CI = 1.03–7.08, p=0.04). Carrying either the T/C or C/C variant allele of this polymorphic variant or the C/G or G/G polymorphic variant Pro12Ala of the PPARG gene increases the odds of developing abnormalities in total cholesterol levels by more than 3.5-times. The risk influence of the mutant genotype G/G and allele G on the increase of Apo B concentration was also established. In EMERCOM workers, the presence of both alleles of this polymorphic variant increased the probability of a decrease in HDL-H levels by 5 times.
Limitations. Male persons are employees of the FEO and the Ministry of Emergency Situations. Age accounts of 30–50 years.
Conclusions. An increased risk of deviations of total cholesterol concentration, proatherogenic cholesterol, and lipoprotein fractions associated with the PPARG Pro12Ala and APOE Cys130Arg genes polymorphisms was found in FEO workers, whereas only the reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol risk in carriers of the PPARG Pro12Ala gene mutant allele was found in EMERCOM workers.
Association of polymorphic variants of the GSTP1 and GSTM1 genes with signs of tunnel syndromes in patients with vibration disease (pilot study)
Authors: Chernyak Yury I. , Zueva Yanina I.
Published: October 2024

Introduction. The data on the association between GSTs gene variants and the risk of developing carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) determine the feasibility of studying the relationship with changes in the nerve structure of the upper limbs identified by ultrasound examination in patients with vibration disease (VD).
The aim of the study was to investigate the association of polymorphic variants of the GSTP1 and GSTM1 genes with signs of tunnel syndromes in VD patients.
Materials and methods. Polymorphic variants of the GSTP1 (rs1695 and rs1138272) and GSTM1 genes in one hundred forty male VD patients were studied using PCR-RT method. High-resolution ultrasonography parameters were used to evaluate the morphological structure of the peripheral nerves of the upper limbs in patients, including the cross-sectional area (CSA) of the peripheral nerves.
Results. A significant gain in CSA maximum of the median nerve was found in carriers of the GSTM1–/– genotype relative to those in the GSTM1+ polymorphic variant of the GSTM1 gene (p=0.014). At the same time, AG-GSTP1 (Ile105Val) heterozygote carriers were less resistant to vibration exposure compared to the AA homozygote ones. The AG carriers had a shorter period of vibration exposure (p=0.017), which was observed against the background of a pronounced tendency to a decrease in the period of vibration exposure at the time of VD diagnosis (p=0.034).
Limitations. Limitations include the small number of examined patients and the analysis of associations of polymorphic variants of GSTs genes only with CSA values without taking into account the clinical and functional status of patients.
Conclusion. The results obtained indicate that GSTs genes involved in protection against oxidative stress, may be associated with the development of CTS in VD patients. Further investigations are needed involving a larger number of VD patients with simultaneous analysis of the morphological structure of peripheral nerves, as well as of electrophysiological and clinical studies.
Youth Education Efforts of the 1940s
Authors: Ábrahám Nóra
Published: October 2024

My paper aims to present the dance culture of the 1940’s and explore its scientific approach to dance. According to results of my research, the “national-rescue activity” originating in Budapest looked for the promise of demonstrating “cultural-superiority” in youth-education. Movement-artists and newly formed amateur ensembles also played role in this. The initial dance-research followed the European research direction, considered the application of ethnological theories as the basis. When examining the interaction of city and countryside with a cultural-historical anthropological approach, my questions formulated in my writing: Did the village research and Scientific Institute-work in the 1940’s have an impact on the style of dance that also played a representative role, appearing as a result of the youth education efforts in Budapest? How does appear in the source-works that published the research-results of that time? My paper seeks the answers to these questions.
Imaginäre und reale Brücken als verbindende Elemente in kommunalen Beziehungen?
Authors: Retterath Hans-Werner
Published: October 2024

Im Zusammenhang mit Städtepartnerschaften und anderen internationalen Kontakten wird oft von Brücken gesprochen. Im Allgemeinen wird dieses Wort positiv konnotiert, denn Brücken ermöglichen Interaktion und Kommunikation und schaffen im Idealfall enge Beziehungen. Vor allem in öffentlichen Erklärungen wird ihre verbindende Bedeutung hervorgehoben und gefeiert. Während zumeist von Brücken im metaphorischen Sinne die Rede ist, handelt es sich in einigen Fällen um reale Bauwerke, die zum Beispiel einem bestimmten Partner gewidmet sind, oder zwischen zwei Partnergemeinden aus verschiedenen Staaten stehen. Während die Bedeutung der ersteren im Symbolischen liegt, erfüllen die letzteren auch eine Funktion im eigentlichen Sinne. Im übertragenen Sinne können auch gemeinsame Elemente des täglichen Lebens eine Brücke bilden und Menschen zusammenführen, wie z. B. Bräuche, Herkunft, wirtschaftliche Einkommensquellen, geografische Lage und historische Erfahrungen. Reale Brücken können nicht nur Menschen und Städte verbinden, sondern auch als Denkmäler fungieren, die eine Beziehung immer wieder in Erinnerung rufen.
Anhand der Beschreibung ausgewählter Beispiele von imaginären und realen Brücken geht der Artikel auch auf folgende Fragen ein: Ist die Brückenmetapher meist nur eine leere Floskel? Wie werden bildliche und tatsächliche Brücken von der Öffentlichkeit wahrgenommen? Sind imaginäre Brücken (z. B. einschlägige Aktivitäten, alltagskulturelle Ähnlichkeiten) und physische Brücken wirklich verbindende Elemente in der europäischen Vielfalt? Inwiefern sind sie hilfreich, um das Fremde zu verstehen? Der Artikel bezieht sich vor allem auf langjährige Forschungen des Autors zu Städte- und Gemeindepartnerschaften, aber auch auf einige andere bilaterale Beziehungen im mitteleuropäischen Kontext. Als Quellen dienen Beobachtungen, Umfragen, Medienauswertungen und andere Recherchemittel.
Pengaruh Hambatan Non-Tarif Sps dan Tbt terhadap Perdagangan Internasional Indonesia dengan Negara G-20
Authors: Ninda Novita  , Sopan Sopian  , Juli Winando Lumban Toruan  , Indira Rosandry Ajeng Syah Putri
Published: October 2024

Pasar negara G-20 berpotensi besar terhadap perdagangan internasional Indonesia karena saling adanya keterbukaan ekonomi antar negara yang tergabung, diantara negaranya adalah Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Kanada, China, Uni Eropa, Perancis, Germany, India, Italia, Jepang, Meksiko, Russia, Arab Saudi, Afrika Selatan, Korea Selatan, Turki, United Kingdom, dan USA. Dibalik prinsip perdagangan bebas dalam G-20 yang mengusahakan penurunan dan penghapusan tarif dan non-tarif, masih adanya negara yang  menerapkan kebijakan non-tariff measures (NTMs). NTMs yang berpengaruh besar terhadap produk ekspor adalah sanitary and phytosanitary (SPS) dan technical barrier to trade (TBT). Kebijakan yang tidak harmonis tersebut menjadi hambatan untuk negara berkembang melakukan perdagangan internasional, salah satunya Indonesia. Untuk melihat faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi perdagangan internasional Indonesia dengan negara G-20 dan pengaruh hambatan non-tarif SPS dan TBT digunakan metode analisis gravity model dengan uji kesesuaian model regresi data panel tahun 2012-2022. Menggunakan 3 pendekatan, yaitu Common Effect Model, Fixed Effect Model dan Random Effect Model. Uji Lagrange Multiplier Test digunakan untuk memastikan salah satu model antara Effect Model dan Random Effect Model. Hasilnya 70,56% variabel dapat menjelaskan model dengan variabel signifikan adalah GDP negara tujuan, Populasi dan GDP Perkapita Indonesia. Kebijakan Non-tariff measures (NTMs) SPS dan TBT jika dilihat secara luas terhadap total ekspor Indonesia dengan negara G-20 tidak berpengaruh signifikan, dikarenakan kebijakan SPS dan TBT lebih menitik beratkan peraturan pada komoditas pertanian dan peternakan.
Analisis Pendapatan dan Kontribusi Usahatani Kelapa Sawit Rakyat terhadap Total Pendapatan Keluarga di Kecamatan Kualuh Selatan Kabupaten Labuan Batu
Authors: Destri Nugrahni Halawa  , Rafles Wanju Pakpahan  , Putrini Sirait  , Wilfrida Br Siahaan
Published: October 2024

Komoditi kelapa sawit merupakan salah satu andalan sektor pertanian dan menjadi perhatian besar pemerintah maupun masyarakat. Kelapa sawit merupakan komoditas pertanian penghasil minyak nabati yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan tanaman seperti kedelai, kacang tanah dan lain sebagainya yang sama-sama penghasil minyak nabati. Keunggulan kelapa sawit antara lain produksi per hektarnya tinggi, umur eknomis panjang, resiko kecil, persediaan yang cukup, dan penggunaannya yang beraneka ragam. Salah satu wilayah di Sumatera Utara yang menjadi penghasil kelapa sawit adalah Kabupaten Labuhanbatu Utara. Sehingga artikel ini bertujuan untuk  mengetahui tingkat pendapatan petani kelapa sawit di Kecamatan Kualuh Selatan, Kabupaten Labuanbatu Utara dan mengetahui kontribusi pendapatan usahatani kelapa sawit rakyat terhadap pendapatan total keluarga di Kecamatan Kualuh Selatan, Kabupaten Labuanbatu Utara. Kecamatan Kualuh Selatan di Kabupaten Labuhanbatu Utara, memiliki perkebunan kelapa sawit yang telah beroperasi sejak tahun 1980-an. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berupa data primer dan sekunder dengan menganalisis data menggunakan metode analisis pendapatan. Tingkat pendapatan usahatani kelapa sawit di Kecamatan Kualuh Selatan sebesar Rp. 42.994.008/tahun dengan rata-rata produksi/tahun 38.860 kg dengan rata-rata harga jual Rp. 1.478/kg pada bulan September 2020. Kontribusi pendapatan usahatanı kelapa sawit di Kecamatan Kualuh Selatan sebesar 70% dan kontribusi pendapatan non-usahatani sebesar 30% dengan rata-rata pendapatan sebesar Rp 18.320.000/tahun.
Model Perancangan Digitalisasi Petani Padi dalam Mendukung Indonesia Emas 2045
Authors: Elisya Angraini  , Meki Herlon  , Zulhamid Ridho  , Olivia Sahfitri
Published: October 2024

Penyuluhan pertanian berperan penting untuk mendukung Indonesia emas 2045 melalui penguasaan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi petani serta ketahanan pangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik petani padi di Kecamatan Kuok, mengetahui hubungan peran penyuluhan pertanian dengan keterampilan petani padi di Kecamatan Kuok dan merumuskan model perancangan digitalisasi padi sawah. Populasi penelitian berjumlah 119 orang, terdiri dari anggota kelompok tani padi di Desa Kuok (Kelompok Tani Taping dan Sei Ngolan II) dan Desa Empat Balai (Kelompok Tani Kunago dan Pulai Makmur). Sampel terdiri dari 12 pengurus (diambil secara sensus) dan 30 anggota (diambil secara accidental sampling). Jenis data yang digunakan pada penelitian ini meliputi data primer dan sekunder. Tujuan pertama dianalisis dengan deskriptif, tujuan kedua dianalisis dengan uji korelasi rank spearman dan tujuan ketiga dianalisis dengan metode rancangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan peran penyuluhan memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan keterampilan petani. Adapun peran penyuluhan yang memiliki hubungan signifikan dengan keterampilan petani adalah diseminasi inovasi, konsultasi dan supervisi. Namun, peran penyuluhan yang dilaksanakan belum maksimal sehingga perlu dilakukan upaya untuk meningkatkan keterampilan petani melalui digitalisasi pertanian dalam bentuk aplikasi Paddy Planner.
Analisis Efisiensi Pemasaran Melon (Cucumis melo L.) Sistem Hidroponik di CV. Tirta Fertindo Pratama Kota Semarang
Authors: Nanda Ajeng Minasti  , Sri Wahyuningsih  , Lu’lu’a Ulin Ni’mah  , Rossi Prabowo
Published: October 2024

Melon hidroponik merupakan komoditi unggulan di CV. Tirta Fertindo Pratama, namun belum diketahui efisiensi pemasaran yang terbentuk dari saluran pemasaran tersebut, padahal menekan biaya pemasaran sampai pada konsumen akhir dapat meningkatkan performa pemasaran serta daya saing agribisnis. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisa pola saluran pemasaran, margin pemasaran, farmer’s share dan efisiensi saluran pemasaran melon hidroponik di CV. Tirta Fertindo Pratama Kota Semarang. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kuantitatif dan metode penentuan lokasi penelitian dilakukan secara sengaja (purposive). Penetuan sampel responden lembaga pemasaran menggunakan metode snowball sampling dan sampel konsumen dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode Incidental Sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan CV. Tirta Fertindo Pratama memiliki 2 saluran pemasaran yaitu: Saluran pemasaran tingkat nol (produsen → konsumen) dan saluran pemasaran tingkat I yang terdiri (produsen → pengecer → konsumen). Saluran pemasaran tingkat I terdiri dari 4 perantara yaitu Lion Superindo, Lotte Mart dan Frudo Mart dan kios pinggir jalan. Seluruh pola saluran pemasaran melon hidroponik di CV. Tirta Fertindo Pratama sudah efisien dengan margin pemasaran yang beragam. Saluran pemasaran paling efisien terdapat di saluran pemasaran nol dengan presentase 0,5%, pola saluran I (Lion Superindo) 10%, (Lotte Mart) 16,3%, (Frudo Mart) sebesar 15,5%, kios pinggir jalan sebesar 6%. Farmer'r share di saluran I (Frudo Mart) tidak efiisen karena < 60%.
Meta Analysis of The Role of Agricultural Insurance in Enhancing Farmers' Financial Independence
Authors: Farhan Akmala Putra  , Jovan Rafi Rizki  , Andre Dika Saputra  , Teuku Muhammad Irsyad  , Wakhid Ikhfannida Cahya Putra Pradana
Published: October 2024

Kami melakukan penelitian ini pada bulan September 2024 dengan mencari basis data Scopus.com secara khusus untuk asuransi petani, yang menghasilkan maksimum 69 artikel sebagai sampel dari publikasi antara tahun 1984 dan 2024. Kami melakukan pengambilan metadata menggunakan aplikasi Scopus.com dan menganalisis data secara deskriptif. Kami mengekspor data ke format CSV Excel dan menganalisisnya lebih lanjut menggunakan VOSViewer (VV) versi 1.6.20 untuk menggambarkan lanskap penelitian dengan akurat. Temuan menunjukkan fluktuasi dalam publikasi tentang asuransi petani dari tahun 1984 hingga 2024, dengan Aboonajm menjadi peneliti yang paling produktif. Sumber utama untuk publikasi yang dipilih adalah Sustainability Switzerland, QRC Advisor, dan Agricultural Finance Review. Jenis dokumen yang paling umum adalah Artikel, makalah konferensi, dan tinjauan, sementara China, Amerika Serikat, dan Indonesia dalam pengembangan asuransi petani. Kami mengidentifikasi Kementerian Kesehatan dan Kesejahteraan, Universitas Zhejiang, dan Universitas Nasional Taiwan sebagai tiga afiliasi paling berpengaruh dalam penelitian asuransi petani yang diteliti. Analisis tersebut juga menunjukkan Secara umum, asuransi petani telah menjadi topik penting karena perannya dalam mengatasi risiko yang dihadapi oleh petani, seperti perubahan iklim dan ketidakstabilan pasar. Asuransi ini memberikan perlindungan finansial, membantu petani pulih dari kerugian dan menjaga stabilitas pendapatan. Inovasi seperti asuransi berbasis indeks, yang memanfaatkan teknologi dan data, telah meningkatkan aksesibilitas, terutama bagi petani skala kecil. Selain melindungi dari risiko jangka pendek, asuransi juga mendorong investasi jangka panjang dalam praktik pertanian berkelanjutan, menjadikannya alat yang sangat penting untuk ketahanan pertanian.
Pengaruh Pemberian Pupuk Bokashi Feses Kambing terhadap Pertumbuhan Rumput Odot (Pennisetum purpureum cv. Mott)
Authors: Bangkit Lutfiaji Syaefullah  , Susan Carolina Labatar  , Irma Ayu Rantika
Published: October 2024

Dalam pengembangan dunia peternakan, pakan menjadi faktor utama yang dapat menjadi kunci keberhasilan. Tentunya pakan yang diberikan harus sesuai dengan kebutuhan ternak. Namum pada kenyataannya ketersediaan pakan ternak ruminansia masih belum mencukupi, untuk itu perlu dilakukan pembudidayaan dan pemeliharaan yang baik dan benar untuk menjaga dan meningkatkan produktivitas hijauan pakan ternak ruminansia. Salah satu cara meningkatkan produktivitas pakan hijauan yaitu dengan pemberian pupuk organik seperti pupuk bokashi feses kambing. Tujuan dari penelitian ini ialah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian pupuk bokashi feses kambing terhadap pertumbuhan rumput odot. Penelitin ini dilakukan di Kelurahan Anday Kabupaten Manokwari Provinsi Papua Barat, dari Maret sampai Mei 2024. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) faktor tunggal yaitu melalui perlakuan berbagai dosis pupuk bokashi feses kambing yaitu P0 (kontrol), P1 (200 gram atau 8 ton/ha), P2 (400 gram atau 16 ton/ha) dan P3 (800 atau 32 ton/ha). Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pemberian pupuk bokashi feses kambing memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap tinggi dan diameter batang tanaman rumput odot diumur 3 minggu dengan hasil parameter terbaik ada pada perlakuan P2.
Uji Efektivitas Silika Gel dari Sekam Padi dan Ampas Kopi Sebagai Adsorben
Authors: Adelia Belva Azilah  , Andi Filzah Dahiyah Liana  , Nur Elyssah Salam  , Ermiyati Ermiyati  , Hasnah Hasnah
Published: October 2024

Indonesia adalah salah satu produsen utama dalam subsektor pertanian padi dan perkebunan kopi. Proses tersebut menghasilkan limbah sekam padi dan ampas kopi dan masih menjadi permasalahan yang sulit diatasi hingga saat ini. Perlu diketahui bahwa sekam padi merupakan salah satu sumber penghasil silika terbesar. Selain itu, karbon aktif pada ampas kopi dapat digunakan sebagai adsorben atau material yang mampu  menyerap zat-zat kimia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji efektivitas produk dari limbah yang berpotensi sebagai adsorben pengganti silika gel komersial. Pembuatan silika gel dilakukan dengan menyiapkan 5 sampel yang berisi abu sekam padi dan ampas kopi dengan takaran yang berbeda. Kemudian sampel menghasilkan filtrat berupa natrium silikat yang selanjutnya dinetralkan hingga pH = 7. Lalu dilakukan proses pemeraman dan disaring. Residu hasil penyaringan yang berhasil berbentuk gel hanya 2 sampel. Kedua sampel di keringkan, dihaluskan dan di cuci kemudian dikeringkan kembali dalam oven. Sampel silika gel di uji efektivitasnya sebagai adsorben selama 7 hari. Hasil uji dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa silika gel yang mengandung 100% sekam padi menyerap air lebih cepat dibandingkan dengan silika gel yang mengandung 75% sekam padi dan 25% ampas kopi. Silika gel dari sekam padi dan ampas kopi ini dapat menjadi alternatif yang ekonomis dan ramah lingkungan daripada silika gel komersial.
Pengaruh Kombinasi Tanah Top Soil dan Kotoran Ayam Broiler terhadap Pertumbuhan Tanaman Cabai Merah (Capsicum annuum L.) Fase Vegetatif
Authors: Michel Koibur  , Benang Purwanto  , Evanggelius Nutrisius Kundi Kua
Published: October 2024

Pupuk organik: Kotoran ayam merupakan sumber pupuk organik yang kaya akan nutrisi, termasuk nitrogen, fosfor, dan kalium. Nutrisi ini sangat dibutuhkan oleh tanaman cabai untuk pertumbuhan dan produksi yang baik. Meningkatkan kesuburan tanah: Kotoran ayam dapat meningkatkan kesuburan tanah dan kualitas struktur tanah. Hal ini akan memungkinkan tanaman cabai untuk menyerap nutrisi dengan lebih baik dan meningkatkan pertumbuhan akar. Tujuan penelitian untuk memperoleh kombinasi pupuk kandang dan media tanah top soil untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman cabe merah. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan selama 3 bulan dimulai bulan Maret sampai dengan Mei 2024, yang berlokasi di (Kampus 1 Politeknik Pembangunan Pertanian Manokwari). Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK), dengan perlakuan dosis Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental yang mengunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK), dengan menggunakan 4 perlakuan dosis pupuk kandang  ayam (P) sebagai berikut: dosis kombinasi perlakuan media tanah dalam penelitian yang akan dilakukan, sebagai berikut: P0= Tanah (600 gram), P1= Tanah + Pupuk Kandang 4:2 (400 gram : 200 gram), P2= Tanah + Pupuk Kandang 3:3 ( 300 gram : 300 gram), P3= Tanah + Pupuk Kandang 2:4 (200 gram : 400 gram). Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pemberian pupuk kandang memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman umur 14,21,28,35,42 HST.
Peningkatan Hasil Kentang Varietas Unggul Baru Kembang di Pengunungan Arfak
Authors: Apresus Sinaga  , Amisnaipa Amisnaipa
Published: October 2024

Selain penggunaan varietas unggul, Produksi kentang dapat ditingkatkan dengan menekan perkembangan pertumbuhan hama dan penyakit pada tanaman. Pengkajian dilakukan di lahan petani di Kampung Kisap di Distrik Ererai Kebupaten Pegaf.  Pelaksanaan pengkajian dilakukan pada bulan April sampai dengan Desember 2018. Pengkajian disusun dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK), terdiri atas 4 perlakuan yang diulang sebanyak 3 kali sehingga terdapat 12 unit satuan percobaan, ekstra pestisida nabati dijadikan sebagai perlakuan. Data hasil pengamatan dianalisis dengan menggunakan Anova pada taraf 5 %, apabila terdapat beda nyata, maka dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan’s Mutiple Range Test (DMRT) 5%. Untuk melihat hubungan antar komponen pada tanaman ketang dianalisis menggunakan analisis korelasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa intensitas serangan hama tanaman dan produksi kentang meningkat setelah mendapat perlakuan kombinasi herbisida nabati sereh dan sereh jeringo.
Uji Berbagai Tingkat Kematangan Buah terhadap Viabilitas Benih Tomat (Lycopersicum esculemtum L.)
Authors: Ardaniah Ardaniah  , Syafitri Rahmawati
Published: October 2024

Daya kecambah benih berkaitan dengan pemasakan buah.  Mutu biji tertinggi diperoleh pada saat buah masak fisiologis. Pada saat buah telah mencapai masak fisiologi biji telah mempunyai berat kering yang maksimum.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui daya kecambah benih dari berbagai tingkat kematangan buah Penelitian dilaksanakan di lahan percobaan Universitas Muhammadiyah Kalimantan Timur Kecamatan Tanah Grogot, Kabupaten Paser mulai tanggal 7 -14 Desember 2023.  Penelitian dilaksanakan secara demplot dengan 3 taraf perlakuan yaitu: t1 = biji buah tomat merah, t2 = biji buah tomat kuning dan t3 = biji buah tomat hijau.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa buah tomat merah memiliki viabilitas yang lebih tinggi dibanding buah tomat kuning dan hijau.
Pengembangan Pangan Lokal sebagai Alternatif Pengganti Beras di Kota Tidore Kepulauan
Authors: Sitti Febriyani Syiko  , Ramli Saraha  , Yunita Kaufua  , Sulianti Bonde  , Gazalli Djafar
Published: October 2024

Selama ini beras dijadikan sumber utama pangan lokal bagi pemenuhan kebutuhan konsumsi masyarakat. Padahal banyak alternatif lain selain beras yang tersedia dalam jumlah yang cukup, dengan mutu yang layak, aman dikonsumsi dan dengan harga yang terjangkau oleh masyarakat. Potensi pangan lokal selain beras memiliki keunggulan tersendiri, baik dari segi kualitas maupun kuantitas. Pangan lokal mempunyai keunggulan dari segi kualitas, kuantitas dan juga berfungsi untuk kelestarian biodiversity dan kelestarian ecosystem. Berdasarkan data dari BPS tahun 2021, sektor pertanian Kota Tidore Kepulauan merupakan sektor yang memiliki distribusi kedua terbesar setelah administrasi pemerintahan, pertahanan dan jaminan sosial wajib. Kontribusi presentase sektor pertanian, kehutanan dan perikanan di Kota Tidore Kepulauan yaitu sebesar 24,36%. Namun beberapa permasalahan di sektor pertanian masih dijumpai, seperti adanya distribusi pemasaran produk pertanian. Di Kota Tidore Kepulauan, potensi sumber pangan selain beras tersebut sudah lama membudaya di masyakarat dan menjadi potensi lokal yang perlu dikembangkan. Tujuan dari kajian antara lain untuk mengetahui diversifikasi potensi pangan lokal dan menyusun strategi pengembagan sebagai alternatif pengganti beras di Kota Tidore Kepulauan. Berdasarkan analisis SWOT dan kuadran IFAS EFAS maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa pengembangan pangan lokal sebagai alternatif pengganti beras di Kota Tidore Kepulauan menggunakan Diversifikasi Concentric Strategy (Strategi Diversifikasi Konsentrik). Strategi tersebut dimana produk-produk baru yang harus dikembangkan memiliki hubungan dalam pemasaran dan teknologi. Potensi pangan lokal yang terdapat di Kota Tidore Kepulauan dapat dilakukan pengembangan teknologi pengolahan yang dalam meningkatkan nilai tambah pangan lokal.
Pengaruh Variasi Konsentrasi Ekstrak Rosela (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) terhadap Mutu Sediaan Serum Wajah
Authors: Maulicha Izzatun Maza  , S. Rosalinda  , Soraya Ratnawulan Mita
Published: October 2024

Penelitian ini mengevaluasi pengaruh konsentrasi ekstrak rosela terhadap karakteristik dan mutu serum wajah dengan fokus pada parameter SNI 16-4399-1996. Serum wajah diformulasikan dengan konsentrasi ekstrak rosela 0%, 0,5%, 1%, dan 1,5% dan diuji berdasarkan kenampakan, pH, viskositas, dan bobot jenis. Ekstraksi dilakukan dengan metode Ultrasound Assisted Extract (UAE) menggunakan etanol 96% untuk memastikan kualitas senyawa bioaktif. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa serum dengan konsentrasi ekstrak rosela 0%; 0,5%; dan 1% menunjukkan hasil yang baik dalam beberapa parameter yang mengacu pada kriteria mutu SNI 16-4399-1996, dengan kenampakan, pH, viskositas, dan bobot jenis yang sesuai. Konsentrasi 1,5% menghasilkan pH yang terlalu rendah, sehingga tidak ideal.
Analisis Rasio Keuangan sebagai Alat Ukur Penilaian Tingkat Kesehatan Perusahaan pada PT Perkebunan Nusantara IV Tahun 2020-2022
Authors: Emmi Hafidah  , Suwandhi Suwandhi
Published: October 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji kondisi kesehatan PTPN IV berdasarkan Peraturan Menteri BUMN Nomor 2/MBU/03/2023 dengan menggunakan analisis rasio keuangan profitabilitas, likuiditas, solvabilitas dan aktivitas pada Laporan keuangan PT Perkebunan Nusantara IV tahun 2020-2022. Metode pada penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis deskriptif melalui pendekatan kuantitatif. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan  Return On Equity PT Perkebunan Nusantara IV lebih baik setiap tahun yaitu pada tahun 2020 sebesar 7,71% kemudian tahun 2021 sebesar 21,38% dan tahun 2022 18,45%. Rata- rata perolehan Return On Invest tahun 2021 dan 2022 PT Perkebunan Nusantara IV lebih baik yaitu 9,99% dan 9,46%. Perolehan Cash Ratio PT Astra Agro Lestari berada diatas rata-rata industri sedangkan PT Perkebunan Nusantara IV hanya melewati standar industri pada tahun 2021 sebesar 56,01%. Current Ratio PT Astra Agro Lestari tahun 2020 dan 2022 sangat tinggi di angka 331,26% dan 360%. Sedangkan tahun 2021 yang paling tinggi adalah Current Ratio PT Perkebunan Nusantara IV pada angka 163,66%. Collection Period yang paling cepat terjadi pada PT Astra Agro Lestari Tbk tahun 2021 dan 2022. Perputaran Persediaan PT Perkebunan Nusantara IV lebih cepat tahun 2020 dan 2021 yaitu 27 hari dan 26 hari. Perputaran total aset masing-masing terjadi satu kali setiap tahun dan kontribusi aset pada penjualan PT Astra Agro Lestari Tbk lebih besar di angka 69,28% , 69,64% dan 76,05%.
Penerapan Good Farming Practices pada Sapi Potong di Distrik Warmare Kabupaten Manokwari Provinsi Papua Barat
Authors: Gravellia Papuana Makuker  , O’eng Anwarudin  , Hotmauli Febriana Pardosi
Published: October 2024

Penerapan Good Farming Practices Pada Sapi Potong di Distrik Warmare Kabupaten Manokwari Provinsi Papua Barat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis penerapan Good Farming Practices pada ternak sapi potong di Distrik Warmare dan menganalisis faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan penerapan Good Farming Practices. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Distrik Warmare Kabupaten Manokwari Provinsi Papua Barat. Jumlah sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 37 orang peternak dengan teknik pengambilan sampel berupa cluster random sampling. Analisis data menggunakan statistik deskriptif dan analisis Korelasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa mayoritas peternak dalam penerapan Good Farming Practices pada sapi potong di Distrik Warmare termasuk pada kategori sedang. Selanjutnya Lama usaha, Jumlah ternak dan Intensitas penyuluhan memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan penerapan Good Farming Practices (Sig < 0,05). Oleh karena itu, penerapan Good Farming Practiices dapat diupayakan melalui peningkatan pengalaman usaha, jumlah ternak dan kegiatan penyuluhan yang intensif.
Bilişsel Davranışçı Terapinin Postpartum Depresyon üzerine Etkisi: Randomize Kontrollü Çalışmaların Sistematik Derlemesi
Authors: Alpay Seyhan , Erbil Nülüfer
Published: October 2024

Giriş: Gebelik ve doğum sonrası dönemin kadın hayatında oluşturduğu değişiklikler çeşitli ruhsal sorunları da beraberinde getirmektedir. Bilişsel davranışçı terapi, bu dönemde kadınların ruhsal sağlığını desteklemek için kullanılan etkili bir yaklaşımdır.
Amaç: Bu sistematik derleme, bilişsel davranışçı terapiye dayanarak verilen psikoterapi eğitimlerinin postpartum dönemde anksiyete ve depresyon üzerindeki etkinliğini araştırmak amacıyla yapılmıştır.
Yöntem: Google Scholar, Web of Science, Science Direct ve PubMed arama motorlarında İngilizce ve Türkçe anahtar kelimeler kullanılarak 2013-2023 yılları arası makaleler taranmıştır. Makaleler, birbirinden bağımsız iki araştırmacı tarafından Rayyan software kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir. PubMed: 20, Science Direct: 400, Web of Science: 50, Google Scholar: 15 olmak üzere toplamda 485 makaleye ulaşılmıştır. Konusu araştırma konusuna uygun 41 makaleden 10’u araştırmaya dahil edilmiştir.
Bulgular: Literatür taramasında araştırma kriterlerine uyan 10 randomize kontrollü çalışma incelemeye alınmıştır. Depresyon riskinin belirlenmesinde en çok Edinburg Postpartum Depresyon Ölçeği kullanılmış ve ölçekten 7 - 13 üstünde puan alan kadınlar araştırmaya dahil edilmiştir. Yapılan çalışmalara çoğunlukla; 18 yaş üzerinde olan, depresyon veya anksiyete belirtileri açısından risk altında olan, tanılanmış psikiyatrik hastalığı bulunmayan, doğum sonu 12. ayın içinde olan kadınların dahil edildiği belirlenmiştir.
Sonuç: Sistematik derlemeye alınan çalışmalarda, bilişsel davranışçı terapi uygulanış yöntemleri farklılık gösterse de gebelik ve doğum sonrası dönemde depresyon riskinin ve semptomların azaltılmasında olumlu etkisi olduğu saptanmıştır.
Reading Art, Reading Irigaray
Authors: Robinson Hilary
Published: October 2024

Luce Irigaray is one of the foremost philosophers and feminist thinkers. Her work has had an impact on the visual arts. What does her work really mean when it comes to the art made by women artists? This work reveals the implications of Irigaray’s work for the relationships between gender, subjectivity, language and art.
Latin American Women Artists, Kahlo and Look Who Else
Authors: Puerto Cecilia
Published: October 2024

This volume is a unique contribution to Latin American studies because it underscores the essential role that women have played in the arenas of modern and contemporary art. This book provides valuable and much-needed assistance to the researcher. (From the foreword by Elizabeth Ferrer) With more than 1,500 references on nearly 800 women Latin American Women Artists, Kahlo and Look Who Else pays tribute to the rich and multifaceted artistic accomplishments of women in and from 20th-century Latin America. Frida Kahlo has until recently dominated the interest of scholars, curators, and the public to the point of almost eclipsing the achievements of other artists from the region. This selectively annotated bibliography begins systematically to identify other women ― painters, sculptors, printmakers, photographers, performance artists, and others ― who have made significant contributions to the history of art in the region.

The first section, the main part of the work, consists of individual artists grouped in an alphabetical country arrangement. Artists in each country are listed A-Z, as are the citations about them. Annotations are descriptive and highlight, among other details, the presence of biographical and professional development information in the analyzed materials. A section of general works arranged by country follows, consisting principally of periodical and monographic literature that deals with numerous women, and a listing of the women mentioned in the cited materials. The volume has two appendices. The first is an analyzed list of 77 collective exhibitions in which works by these women have been presented. The second appendix groups the artists by country, allowing for an in-brief look at all of the artists identified in the bibliography. The name index references artists to the main section by country code and also includes entries for authors, curators, and exhibition catalogue essayists.
Aspergirls
Authors: Simone Rudy
Published: October 2024

*Gold Medal Winner in the Sexuality / Relationships Category of the 2011 IPPY Awards*

* Honorary Mention in the 2010 BOTYA Awards Women’s Issues Category*

Girls with Asperger’s Syndrome are less frequently diagnosed than boys, and even once symptoms have been recognised, help is often not readily available. The image of coping well presented by AS females of any age can often mask difficulties, deficits, challenges, and loneliness.

This is a must-have handbook written by an Aspergirl for Aspergirls, young and old. Rudy Simone guides you through every aspect of both personal and professional life, from early recollections of blame, guilt, and savant skills, to friendships, romance and marriage. Employment, career, rituals and routines are also covered, along with depression, meltdowns and being misunderstood. Including the reflections of over thirty-five women diagnosed as on the spectrum, as well as some partners and parents, Rudy identifies recurring struggles and areas where Aspergirls need validation, information and advice. As they recount their stories, anecdotes, and wisdom, she highlights how differences between males and females on the spectrum are mostly a matter of perception, rejecting negative views of Aspergirls and empowering them to lead happy and fulfilled lives.

This book will be essential reading for females of any age diagnosed with AS, and those who think they might be on the spectrum. It will also be of interest to partners and loved ones of Aspergirls, and anybody interested either professionally or academically in Asperger’s Syndrome.