bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparative Genomics and Phylogenetic Relationships of Two Endemic and Endangered Species (Handeliodendron Bodinieri and Eurycorymbus Cavaleriei) of two Monotypic Genera within Sapindales
Authors: Yang Jiaxin , Hu Guoxiong , Hu Guangwan
Published: September 2021

Background
Handeliodendron Rehder and Eurycorymbus Hand.-Mazz. are the monotypic genera in the Sapindaceae family. The phylogenetic relationship of these endangered species Handeliodendron bodinieri (Lévl.) Rehd. and Eurycorymbus cavaleriei (Lévl.) Rehd. et Hand.-Mazz. with other members of Sapindaceae s.l. is not well resolved. A previous study concluded that the genus Aesculus might be paraphyletic because Handeliodendron was nested within it based on small DNA fragments. Thus, their chloroplast genomic information and comparative genomic analysis with other Sapindaceae species are necessary and crucial to understand the circumscription and plastome evolution of this family.
Results
The chloroplast genome sizes of Handeliodendron bodinieri and Eurycorymbus cavaleriei are 151,271 and 158,690 bp, respectively. Results showed that a total of 114 unique genes were annotated in H. bodinieri and E. cavaleriei, and the ycf1 gene contained abundant SSRs in both genomes. Comparative analysis revealed that gene content, PCGs, and total GC content were remarkably similar or identical within 13 genera from Sapindaceae, and the chloroplast genome size of four genera was generally smaller within the family, including Acer, Dipteronia, Aesculus, and Handeliodendron. IR boundaries of the H. bodinieri showed a significant contraction, whereas it presented a notable expansion in E. cavaleriei cp genome. Ycf1, ndhC-trnV-UAC, and rpl32-trnL-UAG-ccsA were remarkably divergent regions in the Sapindaceae species. Phylogenetic analysis based on different datasets, including whole chloroplast genome sequences, coding sequences, large single-copy, small single-copy, and inverted repeat regions, consistently demonstrated that H. bodinieri was sister to the clade consisted of Aesculus chinensis and A. wangii, strongly support Eurycorymbus cavaleriei as sister to Dodonaea viscosa.
Conclusion
This study revealed that the cp genome size of the Hippocastanoideae was generally smaller across Sapindaceae, and three highly divergent regions could be used as the specific DNA barcodes within Sapindaceae. Phylogenetic results strongly support that the subdivision of four subfamilies within Sapindaceae, and Handeliodendron is not nested within the genus Aesculus.
Experimental Study On The Influence of Mental Fatigue On Risk Decision Making of Miners
Authors: Jia Aifang , Guo xinyue , Tian Shuicheng
Published: September 2021

Mental fatigue increases risk-taking behavior. Using data collected between June 15 and August 6, 2020, this study investigates the impact of miners’ mental fatigue on risk decision-making to improve risk prevention and prediction abilities, and to reduce the occurrence of coal mine safety accidents. A total of 274 and 33 people participated in the preliminary and formal experiments, respectively. The participants, who were coal miners, visited the lab thrice to complete the pre-experiment, Balloon Analog Risk Task (BART), Iowa Gambling Task (IGT). On the BART, mental fatigue displayed a significantly positive association with risk preference. On the IGT, as mental fatigue increased, net scores continuously decreased, while the frequency of making unfavorable decisions and the probability of taking risks increased. The BART value had no or weak correlations with the net score. Results suggest that mental fatigue leads to an increasing propensity to take risks. Therefore, regarding coal mine safety management, further attention is necessary concerning miners’ mental health, addressing mental fatigue, increasing rest time, and reducing night work. Furthermore, reasonable diet, improved working environments, and a positive attitude toward work should be promoted to reduce or eliminate mental fatigue and avoid decision-making errors that could cause accidents.
Machine Learning Fake News Classification with Optimal Feature Selection
Authors: Fayaz Muhammad , Khan Atif , Bilal Muhammad , Khan Sanaullah
Published: September 2021

Nowadays, information is published in newspapers and social media while transmitted on radio and television about current events and specific fields of interest nationwide and abroad. It becomes difficult to explicit what is real and what is fake due to the explosive growth of online content. As a result, fake news has become epidemic and immensely challenging to analyze fake news to be verified by the producers in the form of data process outlets not to mislead the people. Indeed, it is a big challenge to the government and public to debate the situation depending on case to case. For the purpose several websites were developed for this purpose to classify the news as either real or fake depending on the website logic and algorithm. A mechanism has to be taken on fact-checking rumors and statements, particularly those that get thousands of views and likes before being debunked and refuted by expert sources. Various machine learning techniques have been used to detect and correctly classified of fake news. However, these approaches are restricted in terms of accuracy. This study has applied a Random Forest (RF) classifier to predict fake or real news. For this prpose, twenty-three (23) textual features are extracted from ISOT Fake News Dataset. Four best feature selection techniques like Chi2, Univariate, information gain and Feature importance are used for selecting fourteen best features out of twenty-three. The proposed model and other benchmark techniques are evaluated on the dataset by using best features. Experimental findings show that, the proposed model outperformed state-of-the-art machine learning techniques such as GBM, XGBoost and Ada Boost Regression Model in terms of classification accuracy.
Tetraphenylethylene-Based Fluorescent Conjugated Microporous Polymers For Fluorescent Sensing Trinitrophenol
Authors: Ren Liying , Fang Xue-Chun , Wang Feng-Qiang , Geng Tongmou
Published: September 2021

Two tetraphenylethylene-based fluorescent conjugated microporous polymers (TTTPT and TTDAT) were obtained by the Friedel−Crafts polymerization reactions catalyzed by CH3SO3H. In virtue of containing tetraphenylethylene, triphenylamine and s-triazine units in their porous skeletons, the resulting TTTPT and TTDAT show excellent fluorescence sensing performance for trinitrophenol with high quenching coefficients of 9.13×103 and 1.31×105 L mol-1, respectively. TTDAT can also sense to dinitrophenol with the Ksv of 2.70×104 L mol-1. The fluorescent quenching mechanisms of TTTPT and TTDAT for selective detecting TNP attribute to conventional photoinduced electron-transfer mechanism and/or the resonant energy transfer mechanism.
Effects of Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate on Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Intracerebral Hemorrhage
Authors: Li zhaoxia , Li Zixiao , Zhou Qi , Gu Hongqiu , Wang Yongjun , Zhao Xingquan
Published: September 2021

Background: The influence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) on severity and prognosis of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is scarcely investigated. We aimed to explore the association of admission estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) levels with stroke severity and outcomes in ICH patients.Materials and Methods: The patients enrolled in this study were from the China Stroke Center Alliance study (CSCA). Patients were divided into four groups according to different admission eGFR levels (≥90;60-89;45-59;<45). Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to determine the association of admission eGFR levels with stroke severity, in-hospital complications, discharge deposition, and in-hospital mortality after ICH.Results: 85167 patients with acute ICH were included in the present analysis. Among them, 9493 (11.1%) had baseline eGFR＜60 ml/min/1.73 m2. Low eGFR was associated with increasing risk of in-hospital mortality [eGFR 60-89 ml/min/1.73 m2, odds ratios(OR) 2.07(95% confidence interval(CI) 0.45 -9.4); eGFR 45-59, 8.43 (1.15- 61.98); eGFR＜45, 13.92 (2.22 - 87.15); P for trend < 0.0001]after adjusting for the confounding factors. With the declining of eGFR, the risk of non-routine disposition and hematoma evacuation increased in patients with eGFR 45 to 59 ml/min/1.73 m2(OR 8.43; 95%CI 1.15-61.98 and OR 3.36; 95% CI 1.2-9.44, respectively). No significant association between different level of eGFR at baseline and stroke severity, in-hospital complication such as pneumonia, hydrocephalus, rebleeding were observed.Conclusions: Low eGFR at baseline was associated with increased risk of in-hospital mortality, non-routine disposition and hematoma evacuation but not with stroke severity and in-hospital complications in acute ICH patients.
New Discovery of Left Atrial Macroreentry Tachycardia: Originating from the Spontaneous Scarring of Left Atrial Anterior Wall
Authors: Zhu Xuefeng , Chu Hongxia , Li Jianping , Wang Chunxiao , Li Wenjing , Wang Zhen , Xu Zhiyuan , jing yanyan , Zhao Ruifu , Zhong Lin , Hu Naibao
Published: September 2021

Aims: This study sought to describe originating from the spontaneous scarring of left atrial anterior wall (LAAW) left atrial macroreentry tachycardia (LAMRT) clinical and electrophysiological characteristics, mechanisms, the formation of substrates.Methods and Results: 9 of 123 patients (89% female, age 79.78±5.59 years) had LAMRT originating from the LAAW and no cardiac surgery or prior left atrial (LA) ablation. The mean tachycardia cycle length (TCL) was 241.67±38.00 milliseconds. Spontaneous scars areas and low voltage areas (LVAs) in the LAAW were found in all patients. Successful ablation of the critical isthmus caused terminated of the LAMRT and was not inducible in all patients. Arrhythmogenic substrates of LAMRT were the spontaneous scars of LAAW, which matched with the aorta or/and pulmonary artery contact area. The area under the curve (AUC) of age and combination of gender and age for predicting the LAMRT originating from the LAAW were 0.918 and 0.951, respectively, with a cutoff value of ≥73.5 years of age and gender (female) predicting LAMRT with 88.9% sensitivity and 89% specificity.Conclusion: Combination of gender and age provides a simple and useful criterion to distinguish LAMRT from cavo-tricuspid isthmus (CTI) -dependent atrial tachycardia in macroreentry atrial tachycardia (MRAT) in patients without a history of surgery or ablation. Aorta or/and pulmonary artery contacting LA may be related to spontaneous scars. Ablation the isthmus eliminated LAMRT in all patients.
MicroRNA-183-5p Promote Hepatocellular Carcinoma Proliferation Via Accelerating Pyroptosis By Targeting FoxO1
Authors: Chang Yu ling , Niu Yaqian , Liu Fang , Song Yan mei , Chu Huiyuan , Bao Shisan , Chen Che
Published: September 2021

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the second leading cause of cancer worldwide, causing 700,000 deaths annually. Despite decades of extensive research of HCC, the prognosis of HCC remains unsatisfactory, mainly due to lack of reliable sensitive biomarkers. Therefore, it is fundamentally important to identify novel biomarkers for early diagnosis of HCC, as well as explore the underlying mechanisms of HCC progression. Pyroptosis, a highly inflammatory form of lytic programmed cell death, is attracting more attention in HCC. microRNAs are involved in the regulation of pyroptosis. miR-183-5p, an oncogene, is up-regulated in HCC, but it is unclear the relationship between miR-183-5p and pyroptosis in HCC, which was investigated in vitro. Our data demonstrated that miR-183-5p promoted proliferation of HCC, accompanied with upregulating pyroptosis related molecules, as well as IL-1β/IL-18.
Analysis of The Status Quo and Influencing Factors of The Death Coping Self-Efficacy of Clinical Nurses: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Lin Xi , Li Xiaoqin , Liu Qin , Xiang Weilan
Published: September 2021

Background

Nurses are the main caregivers to dying patients. It is inevitable to face or deal with death-related events. The ability of death-coping self-efficacy (DCS) is very important, which can reduce the risk of nursing staff, suffering from adverse emotional distress and help them to better participate in the end-of-life care of the patients and improve the quality of care.
Methods

Using the convenient sampling method, a total of 572 nurses were included in this study from a tertiary hospital in Hangzhou, China. The situation and influencing factors of the clinical nurses' DCS were explored using the General Information Questionnaires and DCSS. (DCS scale).
Results

The scores of each parameter, ranging from low to high, were as following: grief coping, death preparation, and hospice care. The influencing factors of nurses' DCS included the hospice care education courses received in the last year, the experience of accompanying the family members of the deceased, and the attitude towards death.
Conclusions

The overall self-efficacy of nurses in palliative care was at a medium level and the sense of their self-efficacy in coping with the grief and preparation for death needed to be strengthened. The nursing managers should pay attention to the education and training of palliative care, which will strengthen the psychological and spiritual caring abilities of the nurses for the patients and their families, increase their experience of end-of-life care, improve their cognition of palliative care, and help them in establishing a correct view of death, thereby leading to improve the quality of palliative care.
Hitting The Bullseye: The Psychometric Properties of the Assessment of Burden of Chronic Conditions (ABCC)-Scale in The Netherlands
Authors: Claessens Danny , Boudewijns Esther A. , Keijsers Lotte C.E.M. , Gidding-Slok Annerika H.M. , Winkens Bjorn , Schayck Onno C.P. van
Published: September 2021

Background
Chronic conditions impose a major impact on quality of life and on healthcare. The Assessment of Burden of Chronic Conditions (ABCC-)tool was developed to improve experienced quality of care and quality of life by facilitating shared decision-making and self-management. It assesses the experienced burden of one or multiple conditions, and visualises and integrates the burden in daily care. However, its scale’s validity and reliability are yet unknown. The aim of this study is to evaluate whether the ABCC-scale is valid and reliable in people with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), asthma, or Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM).
Methods
The Saint George Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ), the Standardized Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (AQLQ-S), and the Audit of Diabetes Dependent Quality of Life Questionnaire (ADDQoL19) were compared to the ABCC-scale to assess convergent validity. Convergent validity was assumed when at least 75% of the postulated correlations were higher than 0.7, or between 0.3 and 0.7 for single-item subscales. To measure known-group validity, participants were categorized according to exacerbation status, depression, asthma control, insulin dependence, complications and obesity. The ABCC-scale was deemed internally consistency upon a Cronbach’s alpha ≥ 0.90 for the total scale, and ≥ 0.70 for subscales. Test-retest reliability was evaluated at a two-week interval.
Results
A total of 65, 62, and 60 people with COPD, asthma, T2DM respectively were included. The ABCC-scale correlated, in accordance with hypotheses, with the SGRQ (75%), AQLQ-S (100%), and ADDQoL19 (75%). Differentiation of known-groups based on the ABCC-scale was possible for all specified groups. The total score and subscores of the ABCC-scale were internally consistent with a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.90, 0.92, and 0.91 for the total score for people with COPD, asthma, and T2DM respectively. The ABCC-scale had a good test-retest reliability with an Intraclass Correlation Coefficient of 0.95, 0.93, and 0.95 for people with COPD, asthma and T2DM respectively.
Conclusions
The ABCC-scale is a valid and reliable questionnaire that can be used within the ABCC-tool for people with COPD, asthma or T2DM. Future research should indicate whether this also applies to people with multimorbidity, and what the effects and experiences are upon clinical use.
Efficacy Evaluation of Amniotic Membrane in the Treatment of Neonatal Extravasation: a Pilot Study
Authors: Kadivar Maliheh , Aminipouya Maryam , Afshani Seyyedeh Maryam , nasrabadi Seyed ali hashemi , Mirnia Kayvan
Published: September 2021

Intravenous treatment exposes the neonates to extravasation due to fragile and small veins and the long period required for treatment. Extravasation is leakage of fluids, nutrition, or drugs from a peripheral intravenous which could cause tissue damage. The injured complications range from local irritation to skin necrosis and severe scar formation after the healing. Several methods have been used to control the complications of extravasation. We used an Amniotic membrane, a biological dressing, for healing the wounds. Our object in this study is to examine whether the amniotic membrane can induce healing wounds following extravasations.This prospective 13-week single-arm clinical trial study was performed on five neonates from February 2020 till May 2021 in the children's medical center of Tehran University. Neonates with any gestational age and diagnosis of the wound due to extravasation entered our study. Neonates with skin disorders and wound stages of 1 and 2 were excluded from the study. Established wounds without necrosis and infection are treated with an amniotic membrane. The amniotic membrane covers the wound, and after 48 hours, the wound is rechecked. The sequence of replacing or removing the bandages is five to seven days until healing occurs.An amniotic membrane was applied to the wounds and the average time for healing was 2.5 weeks. The average gestational age was 33.6 weeks. We did not report any adverse reaction, and healing was without scar formation.Implementing an amniotic membrane for treating wounds due to Extravasation can be a new approach. This treatment route decreases graft requirement and can be implemented by expert nurses, so in remote NICUs, its usage is easy.
Anterior Segment Structures in Dark Iris Chinese Patients With Unilateral Fuchs’ Uveitis Syndrome
Authors: Cai Yajing , Wu Wenjie , Wang Yingbin , Xiao Suzhen , Huang Yue
Published: September 2021

Purpose: To compare binocular anterior segment structures in Chinese patients with dark iris and unilateral Fuchs’ uveitis syndrome (FUS).Methods: This was a cross-sectional study including 34 phakic eyes (17 patients) with unilateral FUS. Anterior segment parameters were measured by rotating Scheimpflug imaging camera, noncontact specular microscopy and anterior segment optical coherence tomography.Results: Corneal volume was higher in FUS eyes compared to unaffected eyes (p<0.05). The iridocorneal angles were larger in FUS eyes compared to contralateral eyes (p<0.05). Mean endothelial cell density (ECD) was lower, and the coefficient of variation in endothelial cell size (CV) and average cell area of endothelial cells (ACA) were higher, in FUS eyes (p<0.05). Mean densitometry values of the midstromal cornea (zones with a diameter of 0-2, 2-6, or 10-12 mm), posterior (0-2, 2-6, 10-12, or 0-12 mm), or total thickness (0-2 or 2-6 mm) were higher in FUS eyes compared with unaffected eyes (p<0.05). ECD, CV, and ACA were negatively related to densitometry values of the midstromal and posterior cornea in the FUS eyes (p<0.05). Smoothness index of iris was lager in affected eyes (p<0.05).Conclusion: In Chinese patients with unilateral FUS, loss of endothelial cells, wider iridocorneal angle, thicker cornea, higher corneal densitometry of midstromal and posterior layer, and smoother iris were observed in affected eyes compared to contralateral eyes. These data can help to elucidate anterior segment characteristics of unilateral FUS in this population.
Effect of PM2.5 Exposure On Gestational Hypertension and Fetal Size in Preeclampsia-Like Rats
Authors: Gao Jie , Luo Mei , Zhao Shuo , Wang Hailing , Li Xuan , Xu Pili , Ma Wei , Liu Chongdong
Published: September 2021

Studies have reported that gestational PM2.5 exposure is associated with preeclampsia (PE) and fetal growth restriction (FGR). However, whether maternal exposure to PM2.5 causes adverse pregnancy outcomes is still largely unknown. Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to either filtered (FA) or PM2.5 air during the whole pregnant period. A PE-like rat model was established by intraperitoneal injection of L-NAME (300 mg/kg) from GD12 to until GD20. Systolic blood pressure (SBP), weight gain, pup weight and placental weight were measured. The percentages of rat Treg/Th17 cells and Th17-related cytokines were examined by flow cytometry. Gene expression profiles were analyzed by microarray, and the expression of differentially expressed genes were validated by qRT-PCR. The results showed that maternal PM2.5 exposure had no effect on SBP but was associated with LBW and a higher labyrinth/basal zone ratio. The percentages of splenic Th17 cells from the PM2.5 group in PE-like rats were higher than those from the FA or PM2.5 groups in healthy controls. A significantly decreased Treg/Th17 cell ratio was found in the PM2.5 group in PE-like rats. The mRNA expression of Foxp3 was downregulated, while the mRNA expression of RORα and RORγτ was upregulated after PM2.5 exposure. Furthermore, we observed that both the mRNA and protein expression of TNF-a, CCL2, CCL3 and CCR1 increased in the PM2.5 groups. Our study suggested that systemic inflammation may contribute to the development of FGR associated with PM2.5 exposure throughout pregnancy.
The Roles of Competition and Facilitation in Producing Zonation Along an Experimental Flooding Gradient: A Tale of Two Tails with Ten Freshwater Marsh Plants
Authors: Campbell Daniel , Keddy Paul
Published: September 2021

Plant zonation is conspicuous in wetlands. The cause is frequently assumed to be the direct physiological effects of physical factors (termed ‘stress’), however many experiments show that competition and facilitation also cause zonation patterns. We conducted a field experiment with freshwater marsh emergent plants to test the causes of zonation along a single stress gradient: flooding duration. We constructed an experimental wetland with ten flooding levels to ensure that the environmental conditions represented the full range of potential flooding levels, from never flooded to continually flooded. We planted ten common marsh plants with varied ecology along the flooding duration gradient. We grew them alone and in mixture for three years and measured changes in the minimum and maximum limits, the mode and the range of distribution, and interaction importance. The mode of distribution did not shift, whether species were grown alone or with neighbours. We found strong effects of competition under low flooding stress. We found no effects from facilitation under high flooding stress. Flooding duration alone controlled the lower limits of plants. The effects of competition were intense enough to eliminate half of the species within three growing seasons. Our experiment showed that competition and physical stresses, but not facilitation, controls the zonation of emergent macrophytes along a flooding duration gradient, at least in freshwater wetlands. Models guiding wetland restoration need to include competition as well as flood duration as causal factors, but not facilitation.
A Methodology of DASs Benchmarking to Support Industrial Community Characteristics in Designing and Implementing Advanced Driver Assistance Systems Within Vehicles
Authors: Mahmoud U. S. , Albahri A. S. , AlSattar H. A. , Zaidan A. A. , Talal M. , Mohammed R. A. , Albahri O. S. , Zaidan B. B. , Alamoodi A. H. , Hadi S. M.
Published: September 2021

This study presents a novel benchmarking methodology for Data Acquisition System (DAS) types to support industrial community characteristics in designing and implementing the advanced driver assistance systems within vehicles, which is considered multicriteria decision-making (MCDM) problems. Four issues support this claim. Multiple criteria need to be considered in the evaluation, data variation, trade-off and conflict. Thus, an MCDM solution is essential to overcome problem complexity. In the last years, MCDM developed methods have been studied and criticised from different theoretical aspects. The most recent method, fuzzy decision by opinion score method (FDOSM), has proven its power in solving other methods challenges. However, the FDOSM technique and its extension were based on traditional fuzzy set theory, which is limited and unable to deal with the membership and non-membership hesitation simultaneously and that affect the accuracy of final decision especial among the group of decision-makers. Therefore, this study extended FDOSM into an intuitionistic fuzzy environment that considers the hesitation index in the membership definition, then discuss the power of such membership in evaluating and benchmarking the DAS systems. The proposed methodology comprises two consecutive phases. In the first phase, a decision matrix is formulated based on the crossover of the ‘DAS systems’ and ‘multiple evaluation criteria’. In the second phase, the new method (the intuitionistic FDOSM method) has two main stages (i.e. data transformation unit and data processing). The dataset was used to prove the concept. A total of 39 DASs were evaluated based on 14 DASs criteria, involving seven sub-criteria for “comprehensive complexity assessment” purpose and eight sub-criteria for “design and implementation” purpose, which highly affected the design of DAS when implantation occurred by industrial communities. The results of this study are as follows: (1) Individual results of benchmarking, which used three decision-makers are broad, with consensus on the DAS#1 system ranked as the best. (2) The results of the proposed GDMs proved quality in DASs benchmarking, and the DAS#1 system is also the best. (3) Intuitionistic FDOSM can deal with hesitation and uncertainty problems properly. (4) Significant differences were indicated among the groups’ scores, which proves the validity of the intuitionistic FDOSM results.
LPA3 Is a Precise Therapeutic Target And Potential Biomarker For Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Zhao Pengfei , Yun Qingru , Li Aodungerile , Li Rong , Yan Yali , Wang Yuewu , Sun Hongju , Damirin Alatangaole
Published: September 2021

Current studies have demonstrated that significant increased LPA levels to be observed in ascites in patients with ovarian cancer. Although several studies have shown that Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) related to the progression of ovarian cancer, which LPA receptors (LPARs) and G coupled protein subtypes mediated in LPA actions have not been clearly elucidated. This study aimed to clarify the roles of LPA and it’s subtype-specific LPARs mediating mechanisms in ovarian cancer by integrated using bioinformatic analysis and biological experimental approaches. The big data analysis shown that LPA3 was the only differentially expressed LPA receptor among the six LPARs in ovarian cancer and further verified in immunohistochemistry of tissue microarrays. Also found that LPA3 was also highly expressed in ovarian cancer tissue and ovarian cancer cells. Importantly, LPA significantly promoted the proliferation and migration of LPA3-overexpressing ovarian cancer cells, while the LPA-induced actions blocked by Ki16425, a LPAR1/3 antagonist treated, and LPA3-shRNA transfected. In vivo study indicated that the LPA3-overexpressing cell derived tumors metastasis, tumors volume and tumors mass were apparently increased in xenografted nude mice. In addition, we also observed that LPA3 was differential high-expression in ovarian cancer tissue of the patients. Our studies further confirmed the LPA3/Gi/MAPKs/NF-κB signals were involved in LPA-induced oncogenic actions in ovarian cancer cells. Our findings indicated that the LPA3 might be a novel precise therapeutic target and potential biomarker for ovarian cancer.
Condensation of Synchronous Orbits on Complex Networks
Authors: Niu Ruiwu , Wu Xiaoqun , Feng Jianwen , Pan Gui-jun , Lu Jun-an , Chen Guanrong
Published: September 2021

In this paper we study frequency synchronization of Kuramoto oscillators. We find a typical phenomenon of condensed synchronous orbits on single-layer or duplex networks through statistical mechanics analysis and numerical simulations, where the distribution of synchronous orbits is in a bell-shaped form. Further, we investigate phase synchronization on single-layer and duplex networks with different distributions of inherent frequencies. We find that normally distributed inherent frequencies with low variances are more beneficial for phase synchronization, and separately distributed inherent frequencies can slow down the synchronization process. In the end, we investigate the influence of one layer's inherent frequencies on the other layer's phase synchronization through inter-layer couplings. Interestingly, we find that one layer's inherent frequencies with a highly condensed distribution can greatly improve phase synchronization on the other layer. The results shed new lights to our understanding of the nature of synchronization on single-layer as well as multilayer complex networks of coupled Kuramoto oscillators.
Relative Contribution of Amyloid-β Plaque Associated And Plaque Distant Microglia To Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) Progression
Authors: Hemonnot-Girard Anne-Laure , Meersseman Cédric , Pastore Manuela , Linck Nathalie , Rey Catherine , Lachuer Joël , Reynes Christelle , Rassendren François , Hirbec Helene
Published: September 2021

Background: Research in recent years firmly established that microglial cells play an important role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). In parallel, a series of studies showed that, under both homeostatic and pathological conditions, microglia are a heterogeneous cell population. In AD, amyloid-b (Ab) plaque-associated microglia (PAM) display a clearly distinct phenotype compared to plaque-distant microglia (PCM), suggesting that these two microglia subtypes likely differently contribute to disease progression. Methods: In this study, we combined cell-specific laser capture and RNA-seq analysis to investigate the functional role of both plaque-associated and plaque-distant microglia. Results: First, we established that this approach allows selective isolation of microglia, while preserving spatial information and preventing transcriptome changes induced by classical purification approaches. Then, we identified, in both microglia subpopulations, networks of co-deregulated genes and analyzed their potential functional roles in AD. In addition, we investigated the dynamics of microglia transcriptomic remodeling at early, intermediate and late stages of the disease. Conclusions: Our comprehensive study demonstrates that the proximity of microglia to Ab-plaques dramatically alters the microglial transcriptome and reveals that these changes can have both positive and negative impacts on the surrounding cells. These opposing effects may be driven by local microglia heterogeneity also demonstrated by this study. Our results also suggest that Ab plaque-associated microglia undergo exhaustion in the later stage of the disease. Our approach also allowed to molecularly define the overlooked plaque-distant microglia. We show, that although the transcriptomic changes are far less striking compared to what is observed in plaque-associated microglia, plaque-distant microglia are not bystanders of the disease. In particular, our results suggest they are involved in Ab oligomer detection and in Ab-plaque initiation, with increased contribution as the disease progresses.
Effects of External Dynamic Disturbances And Structural Plane On Rock Fracturing Around Deep Underground Cavern
Authors: Feng Fan , Chen Shaojie , Zhao Xingdong , Li Diyuan , Wang Xianlai , Cui Jiqiang
Published: September 2021

The occurrence of disasters in deep mining engineering has been confirmed to be closely related to the external dynamic disturbances and geological discontinuities. Thus, a combined finite-element approach was employed to simulate the failure process of an underground cavern, which provided insights into the failure mechanism of deep hard rock affected by factors such as the dynamic stress-wave amplitudes, disturbance direction, and dip angles of the structural plane. The crack-propagation process, stress-field distribution, displacement, velocity of failed rock, and failure zone around the circular cavern were analyzed to identify the dynamic response and failure properties of the underground structures. The simulation results indicated that the dynamic disturbance direction had less influence on the dynamic response for the constant in situ stress state, while the failure intensity and damage range around the cavern always exhibited a monotonically increasing trend with an increase in the dynamic load (stress-wave amplitudes). The crack distribution around the circular cavern exhibited an asymmetric pattern, possibly owing to the stress-wave reflection behavior and attenuation effect along the propagation route. Geological discontinuities significantly affected the stability of nearby caverns subjected to dynamic disturbances, during which the failure intensity exhibited the pattern of an initial increase followed by a decrease with an increase in the dip angle of the structural plane. Additionally, the dynamic disturbance direction led to variations in the crack distribution for specific structural planes and stress states. These results indicate that the failure behavior should be the integrated response of the excavation unloading effect, geological conditions, and external dynamic disturbances.
ChK1 Activation Induces Reactive Astrogliosis Through CIP2A/PP2A/STAT3 Pathway In Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Zhou Ying , Liu Xiaoyuan , Ma Shuqing , Yang Dichen , Zhang Nan , Ye Simin , Zhang Qiongying , Ruan Jing , Ma Jun , Wang Shiyi , Jiang Nan , Zhao Zongyuan , Zhao Shujue , Zheng Chenfei , Fan Xiaofang , Gong Yongsheng , Wang Xiaochuan , Fan Junming , Li Jianmin , Liu Rong , Shentu Yangping
Published: September 2021

Background: In Alzheimer’s disease (AD), activation of astrocyte participates in the development of neurodegenerative diseases through neuroinflammation and disturbs glia-neuron interaction. Cancerous Inhibitor of PP2A (CIP2A) is an endogenous PP2A inhibitor. CIP2A upregulation specifically in astrocytes causes reactive astrogliosis, synaptic degeneration and cognitive deficits. However, the underlying mechanism of CIP2A upregulation remains unclear. Methods: In 3xTg-AD mice, we determined ChK1 was activated and related to DNA damage upregulating CIP2A by WB. We transfected EGFP-ChK1 plasmid into HEK293-T cell to determine ChK1 induces CIP2A upregulation and PP2A inhibition. We incubated Aβ and infected GFAP-ChK1-LV into primary astrocytes to confirm the signaling pathway in astrocytes and astrogliosis in AD. GFAP-ChK1-AAV was injected into C57/BL6 mice to induce specific expression of target protein in astrocytes. ChK1 inhibitor (SB) was performed to reverse the ChK1 activity. Outcomes were assessed using molecular (immunofluorescent staining, Western Blot and Golgi staining) measures to estimate symptomatic pathology and behavioral (NORT, OLT, MWM and FCT) measures to assess cognitive function. For most experiments, subjects were randomly assigned to experimental groups, and data were collected under blinded experimental conditions.Results: We demonstrated that DNA damage related Checkpoint kinase 1 (ChK1) was activated in 3xTg-AD mice. ChK1-mediated CIP2A overexpression drove inhibition of PP2A and activated STAT3, then led to reactive astrogliosis and neurodegeneration in vitro. Infection of mouse brain with GFAP-ChK1-AAV induced AD-like cognitive deficits and exacerbated AD pathologies in vivo. In conclusion, we showed that ChK1 activation induced reactive astrogliosis, degeneration of neurons and deterioration of AD through CIP2A-PP2A-STAT3 pathway, and inhibiting ChK1 might be a potential therapeutic approach for AD treatment.Conclusions: These results suggest that ChK1 is upregulated in 3xTg-AD mice, ChK1-mediated CIP2A overexpression drives inhibition of PP2A and activates STAT3, then leads to reactive astrogliosis, neurodegeneration and AD-like cognitive deficits in vitro and in vivo.
Physics-Guided and Physics-Explainable Recurrent Neural Network for Time Dynamics in Optical Resonances
Authors: Tang Yingheng , Fan Jichao , Li Xinwei , Ma Jianzhu , Qi Minghao , Yu Cunxi , Gao Weilu
Published: September 2021

Understanding the time evolution of physical systems is crucial to revealing fundamental characteristics that are hidden in frequency domain. In optical science, high-quality resonance cavities and enhanced interactions with matters are at the heart of modern quantum technologies. However, capturing their time dynamics in real-world scenarios suffers from long data acquisition and low analysis accuracy due to slow convergence and limited time window. Here, we report a physics-guided and physics-explainable recurrent neural network to precisely forecast the time-domain response of resonance features with the shortest acquired input sequence being 7% of full length, and to infer corresponding resonance frequencies. The model is trained in a two-step multi-fidelity framework for high-accuracy forecast, where the first step is based on a large amount of low-fidelity physical-model-generated synthetic data and second step involves a small set of high-fidelity application-oriented observational data. Through both simulations and experiments, we demonstrate that the model is universally applicable to a wide range of resonances, including dielectric metasurfaces, graphene plasmonics, and ultrastrongly coupled Landau polaritons, where our model accurately captures small signal features and learns essential physical quantities. The demonstrated machine learning algorithm offers a new way to accelerate the exploration of physical phenomena and the design of devices under resonance-enhanced light-matter interaction.
Analytical Modeling of Sensitivity Parameters Influenced by Practically Feasible Arrangement of Bio-molecules in Dielectric Modulated FET Biosensor
Authors: Das Rahul , Chattopadhyay Ankush , Chanda Manash , Sarkar Chandan K. , Bose Chayanika
Published: September 2021

In this paper, analytical modeling of a Dielectric Modulated Double Gate Field Effect Transistor (DM-DGFET) for biosensing application is presented with extensive data analysis. Firstly, the size of the nanogaps and arrangements of biomolecules in those gaps are optimized with respect to the sensitivity of the above sensor. The optimized DM-DGFET is next analyzed on the basis of its modeling and simulation. This paper addresses novel issues arising from arrangements of biomolecules, especially from practical point of view. Effect of probe placement due to steric hindrance and random nature of biomolecules, are also considered. The capacitances associated with the nanogaps occupied by biomolecules, following various arrangements, are modeled. Expressions of the threshold voltage, drain current and its sensitivity in terms of variations are also derived using the capacitance model. A comparative study of the proposed and the existing architectures is made. The influence of process variation on the sensitivity of the sensor is also studied. The results from the proposed analytical model are validated with the simulated data obtained from TCAD device simulator. In conclusion, the proposed DM-DGFET based biosensor architecture will emerge as an optimal model, very useful for the study on this field in future.
Lipid Reprogramming Induced by TFEB-ERRα Axis Enhanced Membrane Fluidity to Promote EC Progression
Authors: Mao Xiaodan , Lei Huifang , Yi Tianjin , Su Pingping , Tang Shuting , Tong Yao , Dong Binhua , Ruan Guanyu , Mustea Alexander , Sehouli Jalid , Sun Pengming
Published: September 2021

Background: Endometrial cancer (EC) is one of the most common tumors in women. Estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα) has been reported to play a critical role in EC progression. However, the underlying mechanism of ERRα-mediated lipid reprogramming in EC remains elusive. Here, we show that transcription factor EB (TFEB)-ERRα axis promote lipid reprogramming to enhance invasion and metastasis of EC.Methods: TFEB and ERRα were analyzed and validated by RNA-sequencing data of EC tissues from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). TFEB-ERRα axis were assessed by dual-luciferase reporter and chromatin immunoprecipitation quantitative polymerase chain reaction (ChIP-qPCR). The mechanism of TFEB-ERRα was investigated using loss-of-function and gain-of-function assays in vitro. Lipidomics and proteomics were performed to identify the ERRα-related lipid metabolism pathway. Furthermore, immunohistochemistry and lipidomics were performed in the tissues to verify the ERRα-related lipids.Results: Both TFEB and ERRα were highly expression in EC patients and related to EC progression. ERRα was the directly target of TFEB to mediate EC lipid metabolism. Lipidomics assays demonstrated that ERRα mainly effects on glycerophospholipids (GPs) and phosphatidylcholine (PC) and significantly elevates the ratio of PC/sphingomyelin (SM) in EC cells, which indicated the enhanced membrane fluidity. Specifically, ERRα induced unsaturated fatty acid (UFA)-containing PCs, phosphatidylglycerol (PGs), SMs etc. Combined proteomics analysis revealed the increase of UFA-containing GPs mainly related to mitochondrial function. Then, the levels of maximum oxygen consumption rates (OCRs), adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and lipid metabolism-related genes acc, fasn, acadm were found to be positively correlated with TFEB/ERRα expression. Mechanistically, our functional assays indicate that TFEB promoted EC cell migration in a ERRα-dependent manner by epithelial-mesenchymal transformation (EMT) signaling. Consistent with in vitro, higher PC(18:1/18:2)+HCOO were found in EC patients and those who with higher expression of TFEB/ERRα had a deeper myometrial invasion and lower serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL). Moreover, PC(18:1/18:2)+HCOO was an independent risk factor of the patients with lymph node metastasis and positively related to ERRα. Conclusion: Lipid reprogramming induced by TFEB-ERRα axis increases UFA- containing PC, PG and SM, which enhanced membrane fluidity via EMT signaling to promote EC progression. Of note, PC(18:1/18:2)+HCOO was the ERRα-associated potential predictor of EC metastasis.
Immunohistochemical Analysis Revealed the Expression of Bone Morphogenetic Proteins-4, 6, 7, and 9 in Human Induced Membrane Samples Treated With the Masquelet Technique
Authors: Niikura Takahiro , Oda Takahiro , Jimbo Naoe , Komatsu Masato , Oe Keisuke , Fukui Tomoaki , Matsumoto Tomoyuki , Hayashi Shinya , Matsushita Takehiko , Itoh Tomoo , Kuroda Ryosuke
Published: September 2021

BackgroundInduced membrane (IM) is the key component of Masquelet reconstruction surgery for the treatment of bone defects. It is formed around the cement spacer and is known to secrete growth factors and osteoinductive factors. However, information on the presence of osteoinductive factors in IM is not enough in the literature. The purpose of this study was to investigate the existence of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) in the IM harvested from patients during the treatment of bone defects using the Masquelet technique.MethodsWe included six patients whose bone defects were treated using the Masquelet technique. The affected bone was the femur in three patients and the tibia in three patients. During the second-stage surgery, 1-cm2 pieces of IM were harvested. Histological sections of IM were immunostained with anti-BMP-4, 6, 7, and 9 antibodies. Human bone tissue served as the positive control.ResultsThe existence of BMP-4, 6, 7, and 9 was observed in all IM samples. Further, immunolocalization of BMP-4, 6, 7, and 9 was observed in blood vessels and fibroblasts of all IM samples. Immunolocalization of BMP-4, 6, 7, and 9 was also observed in bone tissue within the IM in one sample, in which osteogenesis inside the IM was observed.ConclusionsThis study revealed that osteoinductive factors BMP-4, 6, 7, and 9 were present in the IM harvested from patients. This helps explain how the Masquelet technique effectively contributes to the healing of large bone defects. It may thus be possible for surgeons to omit the addition of BMPs to bone grafts give the endogenous secretion of BMPs from the IM.Trial registrationNot applicable.
DMTHB Ameliorates Memory Impairment in Alzheimer's Disease Mice Through Inhibition of IL-16 Signaling
Authors: Zhang Yuanqiang , Liu Dongqing , Yao Xutao , Zhang Yubin
Published: September 2021

Aim: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most prevalent neurodegenerative diseases. Growing evidence suggested that AD is associated with neuroinflammation, characterized with the chronic activation of microglial cells and astrocytes along with the subsequent excessive generation of the proinflammatory molecule. This study aimed to investigate the effect and molecular mechanism of IL-16 and Demethylenetetrahydroberberine (DMTHB) on Alzheimer’s disease (AD).Methods: AD mice model were made by intracranial injection of Aβ25–35. Morris water maze (MWM) was applied to evaluate the capacity of learning and memory of mice. Moreover, concentrations of IL-6, IL‐1β, and TNF-α in the brain tissue were measured by western blot. DMTHB-binding proteins were identified by mass spectrometry analysis. Pathological change and neuronal death were detected by HE staining and Nissl staining. The expressions of tau and Aβ in the brain tissue were measured by immunohistochemistry and Western blot.Results: Our results showed that the cognition of AD mice was significantly improved after DMTHB administration. In addition, the content of p-Tau, Aβ and inflammatory cytokine (TNF-α， IL‐1β and IL-6) in the brains of AD mice were reduced by DMTHB treatment. The biotin-avidin system-based assay displayed that DMTHB can target and bind to inflammatory cytokine IL-16. Then, siRNA knockdown experiments demonstrated that interfering IL-16 expression can remarkably improve the cognitive ability and neuroinflammation in AD mice. Conclusion: These results indicated that IL-16 is a potential therapeutic target for treatment of AD, and DMTHB has shown a potential natural medicine against AD through regulation of IL-16 signaling, including PI3K/Akt/GSK-3β/Tau pathway.