bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Living with Cleft Lip and Palate: An Exploration of a Pre-Adolescent’s Experience
Authors: McGuire Aoife , Walshe Margaret
Published: February 2022

There are a great deal of quantitative studies regarding the psychosocial impact of craniofacial anomalies including cleft lip and palate. However, there is a paucity of literature exploring and examining the experiences of individual children living with cleft lip and palate. The purpose of this study is to explore the experience of a pre-adolescent girl with a repaired bilateral cleft lip and palate. A non-experimental qualitative design involving semi-structured interviews was adopted. Themes that emerged included the repeated experience of bullying, negative social experiences and a reliance on others for effective communication. Patterns of conflict in emotions and attitudes were identified as well as patterns of resolution. The findings also confirm the heterogeneity of experience. In conclusion, the study highlights specific issues which are of relevance to speech and language therapists working in the area of cleft lip and palate, emphasising the need for further research in the area.
The Impact of Direct Intervention on Communication Board Use
Authors: McCleary Muireann , Lynch Yvonne
Published: February 2022

This study examined the impact of direct therapeutic intervention on syntactic-based communication board use. Subjects were aged 8–18 years and used alternative/augmentative communication (AAC) to communicate. Using a multiple baseline study, each subject was given a syntactic layout communication board. All subjects underwent assessment using the board and subsequent second assessment on a staggered basis, prior to commencing therapy. An intervention programme was devised which focused on teaching language in a syntactic format. Reassessment followed. Implications for therapeutic input are discussed.
Does Arterial Oxygen Desaturation as Measured by Pulse Oximetry Occur During Aspiration or Penetration in Acute Dysphagic Stroke Patients?
Authors: McLaughlin Carolee , Fullerton Ken , Watson David
Published: February 2022

Background: The high prevalence of swallowing problems and aspiration in stroke patients has been well documented. A reliable swallowing assessment that can accurately determine potential aspiration risk is necessary. The most recent adjunct to the clinical bedside assessment has been the use of pulse oximetry. Purpose: This study examines whether the use of oxygen saturation levels as measured by pulse oximetry can reliably predict the presence of aspiration or penetration of acute dysphagic stroke patients. Methods: This prospective study compared results of pulse oximetry in 20 people with dysphagia post stroke with normal controls. Fiberoptic Endoscopic Evaluation of the Swallow (FEES) was used to confirm the presence of aspiration or penetration. The FEES and pulse oximetry readings were taken simultaneously. Investigators evaluated the results of each test independently to avoid bias. Results: The results confirmed that saturation levels are lower in people with dysphagia post stroke than in the nondysphagic control group. No systematic relations between saturation levels and episodes of aspiration or penetration were found for any of the consistencies tested. Clinically significant changes in oxygen saturation are not found to predict risk of aspiration or penetration in the patient group. Measures of sensitivity (23.5%) and specificity (33.3%) are low. Conclusions: The results confirm that oxygen saturation as measured by pulse oximetry is not a reliable screening tool for identifying aspiration risk in acute stroke patients.
A Case for Contracting in Speech and Language Therapy Practice
Authors: Lyons Rena , Kinneen Libby
Published: February 2022

In recent years, health services have moved towards a social model in the delivery of health care, in which clients and professionals are equal partners. Our initial hypothesis was that although many therapists are familiar with the concept of contracting, few employ systematic methodologies to engage with clients in a way that fosters this equal partnership. This paper discusses the need for more careful contracting in the therapy process. This discussion is based on an ongoing study following up groups of therapists who participated in contracting training. The key findings are that therapists need to learn how to contract but more importantly, may need to re-visit core values and beliefs.
Akuisisi Bahasa Arab Santri Pondok Pesantren Madinah Karya Tani Lampung Timur
Authors: Sutarjo J. , Rahmi Novita , Ekawati Dian , Wulandari Nawang
Published: February 2022

One of the Islamic boarding schools that teaches Arabic with divine and active competence is Madina Islamic Boarding School, which is located in Karya Tani Labuhan Meringgai, East Lampung. Many aspects certainly support the success of the institution that implements and develops Arabic language learning This reserch used a psycholinguistic perspective, especially language acquisition. This is because in fact the graduates of the Medina Islamic Boarding School have active Arabic language competence. It is very interesting to conduct a study to find out about the language acquisition of the students at the Islamic boarding school. This study describes; 1) Arabic language learning process, 2) Arabic language acquisition process, 3) acquisition theory relevance in a psycholinguistic perspective with the Arabic language learning process, and 4) strengths and weaknesses of the Arabic acquisition process at the Madinah Islamic Boarding School. This research is a qualitative field research. For data collection using the observation method, interview method, and documentation method. From this study, it is hoped that it will become one of the references in developing Arabic learning. From the results of the study, it can be concluded that the acquisition of foreign languages, especially Arabic, for the students of the modern Islamic boarding school Madinah, was carried out through formal and naturalistic presentations. For the factors that affect the Arabic language acquisition process, there are obstacles to the motivation of students which also affect the Arabic language environment which is less conducive. As for the age factor, the presentation of learning and the first language of the students have been conditioned and in accordance with the ideal foreign language acquisition process in a psycholinguistic perspective. The age of children to adolescents is the ideal age to carry out the process of acquiring foreign languages, presenting complete learning in a formal and naturalistic manner, as well as conditioning the first language by speaking Arabic in the first year of students studying at Islamic boarding schools.
Integrasi Nilai-Nilai Ketuhanan pada Materi Maharah Qira’ah di Prodi Pendidikan Bahasa Arab IAIN Metro
Authors: Sarbaini Albarra , Eq Nurwadjah Ahmad , Suhartini Andewi
Published: February 2022

This study aims to determine the integration of divine values in maharah qira'ah material in the IAIN Metro Arabic Language Education study program. This type of research is a qualitative-descriptive study, using data collection tools, observation, interviews and documentation. Researchers found that there was an integration of divine values in the maharah qira'ah material which was very helpful in building noble character and morals for students. The reading texts in this material contain some praiseworthy morals, such as faith, honesty, and trust. With the selection of the reading text theme, students not only master the maharah qira'ah but also know the divine values that exist in the qira'ah text, live it up, and implement it into social life.
LEGAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE NATIONAL INNOVATION SYSTEM IN THE PHARMACEUTICAL MARKET
Authors:   public organization ", Ostanina Anna ,   Pharmaceutical Association and Medical Law"
Published: February 2022

In the modern world there is a growing need for innovative medicines, vaccines, biologicals, diagnostics and gene therapy, especially now that people are aging and more and more microorganisms are becoming resistant to traditional medicines. That is why, the national innovation system of the pharmaceutical market is defined, first of all, as an achievement in biotechnology. And it is no accident that the chemical paradigm for creating drugs is gradually being replaced by a biotechnological paradigm. For example, effective medicines are available today that help defeat diseases that were considered incurable 10-20 years ago. However, despite the fact that science is rapidly progressing today and scientific discoveries are running far ahead, the pace of development and promotion of new drugs for patients who need them remains quite slow. In the world there are a huge number of diseases and conditions for which an effective treatment has not yet been developed. The emergence of new, more effective therapies and drugs is vital. That is, in the modern world there is an increasing interest in the possibilities of developing significant new treatment methods. And most countries support health research and development, and as a result, several important discoveries have taken place in basic biomedical research. In addition, the promotion of an innovation system requires the use of a legislative methodology that allows us to compare the domestic innovation system with the innovation systems of developed countries. In this case, it is necessary to take into account the specifics of the pharmaceutical market. So, each innovative drug has its own life cycle, which on average can last 10 - 15 years and, in addition to time, requires significant financial costs. Billions of dollars are invested in research and development of one drug, and the lion's share of them falls precisely on providing evidence of the quality, safety and effectiveness of the drug through clinical trials.
ТЕОРІЯ НАДЛИШКОВИХ ЗНАНЬ: ФАКТИ «ЗА» І «ПРОТИ»
Authors: Мозговий Віктор
Published: February 2022

У статті представлено доцільність розроблення теорії надлишкових знань як однієї із позицій сучасної педагогічної теорії у межах дослідження освітньої та самоосвітньої діяльності. Запропоновано аналіз означеного явища із встановленням фактів «за» і «проти» щодо його дієвості та функціональності у контексті формування фундаментального поля сучасних педагогічних досліджень. Встановлено, що досліджуване явище має як позитивні, так і негативні факти, які вже зараз дозволяють говорити про теорію надлишкових знань як слабку версію педагогічної науки. Деталізація перспектив обґрунтування теорії надлишкових знань дозволила сформувати умовиводи, які мотивують до більш детального осмислення вихідних положень досліджуваного явища та представлення переконливих доказів на користь або ж на відхилення наукової ідеї.
ВІД «СТАНДАРТУ ЗМІСТУ» ДО «СТАНДАРТУ РЕЗУЛЬТАТІВ» – КОНЦЕПТУАЛЬНІ ЗАСАДИ РЕФОРМУВАННЯ ЗАГАЛЬНОЇ СЕРЕДНЬОЇ ОСВІТИ
Authors: Засєкіна Тетяна , Тишковець Марія
Published: February 2022

У статті висвітлено результати теоретичного дослідження в галузі стандартизації загальної середньої освіти. Досліджено динаміку змін у принципах побудови стандартів освіти, виявлено переваги та недоліки стандартів «змісту» і «досягнень». З’ясовано концептуальні засади реформування загальної середньої освіти із позиції стандарту «результатів», якими є чинники добору змісту та видів навчально-­пізнавальної діяльності. Нова суть стандарту освіти зумовлює модернізацію освітнього процесу за «моделлю освіти, орієнтованої на результат». Основними категоріями цієї моделі є: стандарти освіти, компетентність, впровадження нових форм оцінювання, зворотний зв’язок і забезпечення якості освіти. Модель освіти, орієнтованої на результат містить методи, орієнтовані на учня, і орієнтовані на достовірне вимірювання ефективності навчання (результат). Саме «результати навчання» перебувають у центрі реформи загальної середньої освіти.Наступним чинником повноцінної реалізації концепції реформування загальної середньої освіти є процес формування змісту навчальних предметів / інтегрованих курсів на основі галузей освіти державного стандарту. На основі дослідження стандартів освіти виявлено проблеми їх структурування за освітніми галузями: відсутність однозначного тлумачення «галузь» освіти, принципів формування переліку галузей, їхніх функцій. В основу наукового обґрунтування вибору освітніх галузей запропоновано покласти принцип взаємодопвнюваності педагогічно доцільної інформації та функції галузі у формуванні ключових компетентностей здобувачів освіти.
УПРОВАДЖЕННЯ КОМПЕТЕНТНІСНОГО ПІДХОДУ ДО ВИВЧЕННЯ УКРАЇНСЬКОЇ МОВИ У 1–4 КЛАСАХ ЗАКЛАДІВ ЗАГАЛЬНОЇ СЕРЕДНЬОЇ ОСВІТИ З НАВЧАННЯМ МОВАМИ НАЦІОНАЛЬНИХ МЕНШИН
Authors: Ліпчевська Інна
Published: February 2022

Публікацію присвячено питанню впровадження компетентнісного підходу до вивчення української мови як державної у школах з навчанням мовами національних меншин. У статті представлена концепція формування україномовної комунікативної компетентності на засадах узгодження цілеспрямованого свідомого вивчення української мови (на доступному для учнів початкової школи рівні) та практики спілкування у контексті навчальних і життєвих мовленнєвих ситуацій, з урахуванням особистісно-­орієнтованого та культурологічного підходів до формування вторинної мовної особистості учня. Висвітлено її педагогічний та психологічний аспекти. Розглянуто специфіку впровадження зазначеної концепції у початковій освіті та наведено відповідний приклад практичної імплементації.
РОЗВИТОК ТВОРЧИХ ЗДІБНОСТЕЙ МОЛОДШИХ ШКОЛЯРІВ У ПРОЦЕСІ ФОРМУВАННЯ МЕДІАГРАМОТНОСТІ
Authors: Юношева Тетяна
Published: February 2022

Нинішні учасники освітнього процесу стають свідками й безпосередніми творцями глобальних змін чинної моделі навчання. Упровадження новацій потребує ера інформаційних технологій, яка актуалізує потребу в креативних, ерудованих і високоосвічених громадянах у всіх сферах життя.У такій ситуації освітні завдання і цілі набувають інших сенсів, а репродуктивні методи навчання малоефективні у вирішенні сучасних питань. З’являються новітні технології, спрямовані на формування у здобувачів освіти низки актуальних для часу якостей, як-от: прогресивність, відкритість до нового та відповідальність у прийнятті рішень.Створення відповідних сучасності технологій – це саме той шлях, успішність якого зможе змінити дидактичні й методичні підходи до змісту й організації навчання, сприятиме реалізації новочасних освітніх задач. Провідними функціями таких технологій є розвиток у здобувачів освіти творчого мислення. Навчання та активне практикування особливих технік нададуть можливості протидіяти стереотипам мислення, зумовлять вироблення в учасників освітнього процесу нових ідей та поглядів. Розвиток творчого мислення і здобуття відповідних знань допоможуть сформувати базові універсальні навички для досягнення високого рівня ефективності в різних напрямах людської діяльності.
The Radio Controlled Improvised Explosive Device (RCIED) threat in Afghanistan
Authors: Gulyás Attila
Published: February 2022

The Radio Controlled Improvised Explosive Devices (RCIED) are one of the most sig- nificant IED-threats in the region of southern Afghanistan. Since I began my military service in ISAF I have recognized that the occurrence of RCIED threats have been increasing  continuously since 2008. My survey will provide a short overlook of these types of threats, furthermore my aim is to show the common  manner of RCIED’s fre- quency-use and the insurgent’s “favourite” devices and bandwidths (frequency-bands) to help avoid serious  damage to the Hungarian military servicemen, vehicles and mili- tary compounds in the theatre. I am sure that the knowledge of  commonly used RCIED- types will help to the Hungarian Special Operations Forces units (HUNSOTUs) to learn the insurgent’s (Taliban)  tactics, techniques and procedures and overpass many of their IED-systems.
Analysis and Assessment of Targets on a Digital Map and Computer Processing of Intelligence Data
Authors: Furján Attila
Published: February 2022

The Tactical Operational Command and Control Information System shall have sub–systems that are capable of covering, ensuring, and servicing — in summary supporting — the battlefield systems operated by the combat (manoeuvre) forces and combat support units and sub–units during planning and commanding, on the land forces, brigade, battalion and company level.One of the most important such sub–systems is the intelligence planning, command and data processing functional sub–system. It allows for a quick and professional processing of target intelligence data, displaying them with the standard symbols on digital maps, and promptly grouping them by priority; thereby it greatly facilitates the manoeuvre commander’s foresight, provides assistance for decision–making, and provides accurate target data to the fire support groups for target planning.
The Characteristics of Women Soldiers’ Profession Socialization, Integration, Adaptation and Their Emphasized Fields of Manifestation in the Different Types of Corps
Authors: Györffy Ágnes , Bolgár Judit
Published: February 2022

The acceptance of women soldiers still poses questions in the organization of Hungarian Defence Forces although they are more than a countable amount of active members in the last decade. Besides this, their professional socialization in military jobs could be problematic in some ways. Professional socialization is highly influenced by the type of corps (fighting; fight–supporting; serving–supporting) where the woman soldier fulfils her duty, because henceforth she will adapt herself to the requirements and expectations of the corps in question. In order to map the differences of the corps from this aspect we have organized focus groups and by doing this our “hidden aim” was to promote the acceptance of women soldiers and facilitate them in their socialization. As a result we have gained information on the problematic points of adaptation, also the specification of the different types of corps from this point of view. These data will be shown and interpreted in this article.
The National Environmental Protection Programme of Hungary
Authors: Kirovné Rácz Réka Magdolna
Published: February 2022

The statements relating to climate change draw attention to the necessity of the distribution of knowledge relating to climate change among the population and within the education system, starting from elementary school up to higher–level institutions on different levels.Decree OGY Nr 96/2009 (XII.9.) on the National Environmental Protection Programme (hereinafter referred to as: Programme) discusses the necessary steps and tasks in a separate chapter in order to achieve the strengthening of environmentally conscious thinking and attitudes.Below I present the findings of the Programme in relation to environmental education and training, which are integrally connected to the role of climate protection education.The draft of the special policy strategy of the 4th National Environmental Protection Programme for the period 2014–2019 was made in October 2013.
Special Tasks for Professional Disaster Management Bodies Related to the Identification, Designation and Protection of Critical Infrastructures in Hungary
Authors: Bonnyai Tünde
Published: February 2022

One of the most particular priorities is to make available and operate systems and services, which guarantee the continuity of everyday life in the 21st Century. In order to ensure the efficiency of protection it is necessary to give effect to several physical, human and IT measures, which have integrated a complex framework through the legislation of critical infrastructure.After the legal harmonization in the European Union, Hungary has begun to create its own system for critical infrastructure protection, within the first concrete step was when the Act 165th of 2012 on the identification, designation and protection of critical infrastructures and its Government Decree on the implementation came into effect. This study aims to summarize the main steps of the public proceedings related to identifying and designating critical infrastructures. In connection with the legislation I will present the function and prime assignments of the professional body for disaster management.
New Approaches for Maintaining the Peace at Political Demonstrations : Communication and Dialogue as Important Strategic and Tactical Tools of Public Assembly Management
Authors: Less Ferenc
Published: February 2022

The unsustainability of the traditional, force – and coercion–based strategies and tactics used in public assembly management has been recognized in many European countries. This paradigm shift has been confirmed by the events that occurred in Kiev, in the period of November 2013 and January 2014. The improperly chosen public assembly management strategies and procedures applied during the Maidan square events have not only shook public order fundamentally, but also led to consequences which may hurt the state sovereignty and territorial integrity itself. The democratic rule of law, the pressure of the mass media — complete with the modern theories of social psychology developed in relation to the behaviour of the crowd — force giving up the practice previously used by the law enforcement organizations implementing public assembly management. As the first–line defender of the freedom of assembly and freedom of speech, European law enforcement organizations recently had to look for new methods, and had to organize their practice used in public assembly management along entirely new concepts. Backed up by the results of social science, the police strategies and tactics based on communication, dialogue, and facilitation gather ground in Europe more and more. In my study I would like to introduce these new principles used in public assembly management.
Police Officers’ Presumption of Innocence: History, Contemporaneousness and Possibility to Implement into Ukrainian Legislation
Authors: Sokurenko V. V.
Published: February 2022

The article is focused on the analysis of the legal category of police officers’ presumption of innocence. Accordingly, the purpose of the research is to provide comprehensive characteristics of police officers’ presumption of innocence, taking into account international practice of its formation and development. To achieve this purpose, the author has formulated the following tasks: 1) study of the historical aspect of the origin and formation of police officers’ presumption of innocence, including within the qualification immunity of police officers; 2) analysis of the practice of applying qualification immunity in the United States of America; 3) objective reveal of the content and essence of police officers’ presumption of innocence; 4) outlining the possibilities of introducing the police officers’ presumption of innocence into the legislation of Ukraine.

The expediency of introducing police officers’ qualification immunity (police officers’ presumption of innocence) is based on a number of arguments, in particular: police officers need qualification immunity to perform their professional duties: they perform important tasks that may require immediate decisions in stressful situations, but lack of qualification immunity may lead that police officers do not dare to act when it is most needed; lack of qualification immunity can lead to unjustified police trials, when judges and jurors can review decisions, may lead to significant budget expenditures; police officers do not have absolute immunity and can be prosecuted for violating clearly established constitutional rights, despite the perspective of the availability of qualification immunity; police officers should not be forced to apply “abstract law”, i.e. those provisions that are not explicitly provided in the current legislation, but follow from its provisions, to specific circumstances, we cannot expect from police officers to be scholars in law sphere and use legal arguments during the arrest; police officers should be able to act professionally without worrying about prosecution.
Sphere of Providing Funeral Services in Ukraine: Current Problems
Authors: Yatsenko V. P. , Yelisieieva O. S.
Published: February 2022

The authors have presented specific features of providing funeral services in Ukraine. The emphasis has been placed on the fact that the quality of administrative services is a priority dominant in the development of society’s legal and social life. The authors have emphasized the importance of creating equal opportunities for the access to all services for all citizens, which should contribute to their quality. Particular attention in the process of legislative transformation taking place in various areas of legal regulation should be paid to one of the relevant areas – the provision of funeral services, which, although not included in the official list of administrative services, but have an administrative nature given the parties of their provision. At the same time, the issue of monopoly and corruption in the field of funeral services remains poorly studied. Particular attention has been paid to determining the definitive features of the administrative and legal nature of these services. Taking into account the current realities of reforms in all spheres of public life and the impact on the effectiveness of their implementation, the prevalence of acute respiratory disease Covid-19, the authors have analyzed the aspects of legislative and procedural irregularities in the sphere of providing funeral services. The monopolized and corrupt nature of the funeral services in Ukraine is among the main shortcomings of such a mechanism. It has been emphasized that among the problems that arise in this area are: 1) the lack of transparent information systems, which significantly complicates the mechanism of choosing a burial place, providing the necessary documents and creates corruption; 2) violation of the requirements of landscaping, the proximity of burial sites to human habitation, the lack of legally regulated options for bioburials, which causes the deterioration of the environmental situation.
Criminalistics and Forensic Sciences: Problems of Differentiation and Integration
Authors: Stepaniuk R. L. , Matiushkova T. P.
Published: February 2022

The authors have clarified perspectives for further development of criminalistics in Ukraine under the influence of integration processes of this science from Forensic Science. The genesis of the national model of criminalistics has been briefly studied; a comparative analysis of its content with Forensic Science has been accomplished; and the ways of further development of the system of criminalistics and related sciences in Ukraine have been defined considering the global tendencies of convergence of different models of this field of scientific knowledge. It has been emphasized that the use of the terms of “Criminalistics”, “Forensic Sciences” and “Criminal Investigation” is explained not just by the specifics of terminology in different countries, but primarily due to differences in defining the nature and internal content of these disciplines. According to the authors, the integration of tactical and technical criminalistics tools and methods of combating crime is quite acceptable and not only significantly enriches the arsenal of criminalistics, but determines its existence as an independent science. Such an approach allows us to consider criminalistics not just as one of the many sections of Forensic Sciences, but to single out it as one of the most comprehensive sciences that integrates all other forensic disciplines. The domestic model of criminalistics, in contrast to Forensic Science, represents the issues of a legal nature (criminalistics tactics and methodology), which makes it a science of dual (synthetic) nature. The integration processes observed in the development of criminalistics and Forensic Science are gradually leading to the convergence of these sciences in content. Given this, it is impractical to take further steps to disintegrate criminalistics in Ukraine by separating forensic expertise into a separate science. Otherwise, there will be a complete depletion of the natural and technical component of criminalistics, which may result in the disappearance of this science in general.
Forensic Support of Pre-Trial Investigative and Inquiry Agencies’ Activities on Combating Crime
Authors: Yukhno O. O.
Published: February 2022

The problematic issues of forensic support of the pre-trial investigation and inquiry agencies’ activities on counteracting criminal offenses on the territory of Ukraine have been studied. The elements have been characterized and the concept and essence of counteraction to crimes both from the theoretical point of view and from law enforcement activity have been defined. The author has analyzed national criminal procedural legislation, departmental normative and legal base and amendments to them concerning, in particular, introduction of a new position – the expert in criminalistics and the researched direction, as well as the genesis and further development of scientific points of view in regard to theoretical and applied issues of forensic support of the pre-trial investigation and inquiry agencies’ activities in the specified direction, as well as on improving the concept and essence of criminalistics as a science and its role in combating criminal offenses. The author has studied the issues of current state and tendencies of criminalistics development, existing problematic issues and expediency of changing the scientific paradigm of criminalistics, application of innovations, introduction of modern achievements in the field of telecommunication and digital technologies, communication lines, Internet and the ways of their practical usage and further improvement. It has been stated that today’s theoretical and applied problems of criminalistics are subject to careful study, it is necessary to introduce radical changes in general and in some areas, which requires its consolidation in the current legislation, with further reform of law enforcement agencies, expert institutions, prosecutor’s office and courts, as well as in law enforcement activity, which introduces modern advances of science and technology, including artificial intelligence and modern advances in chemistry, including molecular one, as well as physics, cybernetics, technologies for the manufacture of new metals, their alloys and innovation in other areas of knowledge. The author has argued the existence of such problematic issues as the improvement of forensic characteristics of certain types of crimes, forensic methodology that combines forensic techniques and tactics, contributes to the further improvement of methods of investigating certain types of crimes. The issues of further dissemination and application in law enforcement and expert activities of molecular genetical examinations promising for pre-trial investigation, in particular methods of DNA analysis, have been separately and widely studied. According to the results of the research, the author has provided specific propositions and recommendations on the researched direction of activity in the whole and its separate branches.
Global trends and competitiveness of the food industry
Authors: Franc Sanja , Kujevac Emanuel
Published: February 2022

Food industry has a strategic role in the global economy and it greatly contributes to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals, but at the same time it causes significant ecological pollution and resource depletion. Maximizing the benefits and minimizing the costs of the food industry is therefore a challenging task. The subject of this paper are contemporary global trends and factors of competitiveness of the food industry. The purpose of the paper is to determine what contributes to the competitiveness of the food industry and to analyze recent global trends in the food industry in order to draw conclusions about the role and contribution of this industry to sustainable development and competitiveness. The analysis has shown that innovation in the production and processing of food and also diversification of the supply are key contributing factors. The main driver of innovation in the food industry are new consumer expectations and requirements. Consumers are increasingly concerned about their own ecological footprint, which increases the demand for those food products whose production has a minimal negative effect on the environment, and they often choose products of enterprises with socially responsible business practices.
Policy Forum: The Real Concentration of Capital Gains in Canada—A Longitudinal Analysis
Authors:   Université de Sherbrooke, Gagné-Dubé Tommy , Allali Matis ,   Université de Sherbrooke, Godbout Luc ,   Université de Sherbrooke, Genest-Grégoire Antoine ,   Carleton University
Published: February 2022

It is generally believed that the preferential treatment of capital gains for personal income tax purposes benefits primarily high-income taxpayers. However, since traditional tax statistics include capital gains in the total income of individuals, some individuals see their annual income artificially inflated by the one-time realization of a capital gain. The authors use Statistics Canada's Longitudinal Administrative Databank to better identify who really benefits from the preferential treatment of capital gains in Canada and to determine their frequency of realization. Specifically, the authors measure the shift of taxpayers between five income groups depending on whether or not their capital gains are considered in their total income. While wealthier taxpayers do benefit disproportionately from the preferential treatment of capital gains, the exclusion of capital gains from total income significantly reduces this disproportion. Taxpayers with more modest incomes benefit more than one would expect from the preferential treatment of capital gains, especially when they are over 55 years old. Taxpayers with higher incomes also realize capital gains more frequently than those with lower incomes. That said, among taxable capital gain filers only, this gap is much smaller, indicating that once taxpayers report capital gains, they tend to do so frequently. Taxpayers who report capital gains with regularity remain a minority, although they realize a large share of the total value of capital gains.
Selected US Tax Developments: Impact of US Tax Proposals on Canadians Investing in the United States
Authors:   Davies Ward Phillips & Vineberg LLP, New York, Glicklich Peter A. , Kling Zachary ,   Davies Ward Phillips & Vineberg LLP, New York
Published: February 2022

Proposed US legislation would impose a number of new tax rules affecting foreign investment in the United States. In this article, the authors highlight the proposals most likely to affect Canadian investors.
Bahasa Sarkasme dalam Tulisan Demonstrasi Mahasiswa terhadap DPR : Tinjauan Pragmatik
Authors: Min Adlina  , Mulyadi  , Eddy Setia
Published: February 2022

Indonesia saat ini sedang mengalami gejolak politik yang sangat panas. Banyak mahasiswa dari berbagai Universitas di Indonesia turun ke jalan untuk mengaspirasikan bentuk rasa kekecewaannya terhadap DPR yang dengan sesuka hatinya mengeluarkan peraturan yang cukup kontroversial. Ada begitu banyak sindiran atau sarkasme yang ditulis oleh para mahasiswa di kala mereka melakukan demonstrasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bentuk-bentuk sarkasme yang mahasiswa tulis di dalam demonstrasi mereka dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Analisis ini dilakukan dengan mengambil beberapa bentuk-bentuk tulisan dari demonstrasi mahasiswa yang memprotes RUU yang dikeluarkan oleh DPR untuk diketahui bagaimana bentuk dari bahasa sarkasme yang mereka gunakan. Dari hasil penelitian yang dilakukan dengan menggunakan Teori Elizabeth Camp, ada terdapat 32 gambar yang menunjukkan sarkasme proposisi, 12 gambar yang menunjukkan sarkasme leksikal,  dan terdapat 9 gambar yang menunjukkan sarkasme ilokusi dari 53 gambar yang didapat. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, para mahasiswa banyak menggunakan gambar dengan jenis sarkasme proposisi untuk mengungkapkan aspirasi mereka.

Indonesia is currently experiencing a very hot political upheaval. Many students from various universities in Indonesia took to the streets to aspire to their dissatisfaction with the House of Representatives, which as they pleased issued quite controversial regulations. There were so many sarcasm or sarcasm written by the students when they demonstrated. This study aims to analyze the forms of sarcasm that students write in their demonstrations using qualitative descriptive methods. This analysis was carried out by taking several written forms from student demonstrations protesting the bill issued by the DPR to find out what form of sarcasm they used. From the results of research conducted using the Elizabeth Camp Theory, there are 32 images that show propositional sarcasm, 12 images that show lexical sarcasm, and there are 9 pictures that show illocutionary sarcasm from 53 images obtained. Based on the results of the study, many students use images with a propositional type of sarcasm to express their aspirations.
Pemilihan Bahasa Mandarin Di Kalangan Mahasiswa Sastra Cina Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Universitas Sumatera Utara
Authors: Nabilah Zatadini Naibaho  , Niza Ayuningtias  , Vivi Adryani Nasution
Published: February 2022

Penelitian ini berjudul, Pemilihan Bahasa Mandarin di Kalangan Mahasiswa Sastra Cina, Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Universitas Sumatera Utara 苏北大学中文系的学生用汉语交流的选择(Sū běi dàxué zhōngwén xì de xuéshēng yòng hànyǔ jiāoliú de xuǎnzé). Penelitian ini bertujuan (1) Untuk mendeskripsikan pilihan bahasa dalam komunikasi sehari-hari pada Mahasiswa Sastra Cina Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Universitas Sumatera Utara; (2) Mendeskripsikan faktor sosial yang paling dominan digunakan dalam Pemilihan Bahasa Mandarin Di Kalangan Mahasiswa Sastra Cina Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Universitas Sumatera Utara. Teori yang digunakan adalah teori sosiolinguistik dan teori pemilihan bahasa oleh Ervin-Tripp. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Objek penelitian ini adalah Mahasiswa Sastra Cina Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Universitas Sumatera Utara berupa kuesioner. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan (1) Bentuk-bentuk faktor sosial yang muncul : faktor latar dan situasi sebanyak 3 jenis, faktor partisipan dalam interaksi sebanyak 5 jenis, faktor topik percakapan sebanyak 2 jenis, dan faktor fungsi interaksi sebanyak 1 jenis; (2) persentase faktor sosial yang paling dominan adalah persentase dari faktor sosial partisipan dalam interaksi berjumlah 45, 4 %, Latar dan situasi berjumlah 27,3%, Topik percakapan berjumlah 18,2% dan fungsi interaksi berjumlah 9,1%.

This study aims to (1) Describe the choice of language in daily communication to the Chinese Literature Students of the Faculty of Cultural Science, University of Sumatera Utara; (2) Describe the most dominant social factors used in the choice of mandarin students in Chinese Literature at the Faculty of Cultural Science, University of Sumatera Utara. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative method. The object research is Chinese Literature students at the Faculty of Cultural Science, University of Sumatera Utara in the form of questionnaires. The results of this study indicate (1) The forms of social factors that arise are the setting factors and the situation as many as 3 types, the participant factor in the interaction as many as 5 types, the conversation topic factor as much as 2 types, and the interaction function factor as much as 1 type; (2) The most dominant percentage of social factors was the percentage of participants' social factors in interaction totaling 45, 4%, setting and situation amounting to 27.3%, conversation topics totaling 18.2% and interaction functions amounting to 9.1%.
Analisis Makna Idiom Bahasa Jepang dengan Unsur Air (Mizu)
Authors: Nur Ainun  , Mulyadi  , Mhd. Pujiono
Published: February 2022

Idiom dikonstruksi dari berbagai macam makna kata, ada yang terbentuk dari kata yang terkait indra perasa, anggota tubuh, angka, warna, tumbuhan, binatang dan benda-benda alam. Dalam penelitian kali ini memfokuskan pada Idiom yang terbentuk dari kata ‘air’ (mizu). Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui makna leksikal dan makna idiomatikal dari Idiom yang mengandung kata mizu serta mencari tahu gaya bahasa yang terkandung dalam makna idiomatikalnya. Data diambil dari buku referensi kumpulan Idiom bahasa Jepang 101 Japanese Idioms dan website dictionary.goo.ne.jp. Hasilnya menunjukkan terdapat sebelas idiom yang menggunakan kata mizu yang memiliki perbedaan dan hubungan antara makna leksikal dan makna idiomatikalnya. Selanjutnya terdapat makna idiomatikal yang ditunjukkan dengan enam gaya bahasa metafora, yaitu水に燃えたつ蛍 (mizu ni moetatsu hotaru), 水を割る(mizu o waru),水と油(mizu to abura)、水清ければ魚棲まず (mizukiyokerebauosumazu), 水清ければ月宿る(mizu kiyokereba tsukiyadoru), 水積もりて魚聚まる(mizu tsumorite sakana atsumaru). Tiga gaya bahasa metonimi yaitu 水が開く(mizu ga aku), 水が入る (mizu ga hairu),水に流す(mizu ni nagasu). Dua gaya bahasa sinekdoke水が出る (mizu ga deru), 水が合わない (mizu ga awanai).

Idioms are formed from various words, some are formed from the senses of taste, part of body, colors, numbers, animals, plants and natural objects. In this study the focus is on idioms that are formed from the word 'water' (mizu). This research is a qualitative research that aims to find out the lexical and idiomatic meanings of idioms containing the word mizu and find out the figure of speech contained in the idiom. Data is taken from the Japanese Idiom reference book 101 Japanese Idioms & dictionary.goo.ne.jp website. The results of this study indicate there are eleven idioms that use the word mizu which have differences and relationships between lexical meanings and idiomatic meanings. Furthermore, there are idiomatic meanings which are indicated by the six Metaphorical styles, namely水に燃えたつ蛍 (mizu ni moetatsu hotaru), 水を割る(mizu o waru),水と油(mizu to abura)、水清ければ魚棲まず (mizukiyokerebauosumazu), 水清ければ月宿る(mizu kiyokereba tsukiyadoru), 水積もりて魚聚まる(mizu tsumorite sakana atsumaru). Three metonymy styles are水が開く(mizu ga aku), 水が入る (mizu ga hairu),水に流す(mizu ni nagasu). The two styles of the sinekdoke are水が出る (mizu ga deru), 水が合わない (mizu ga awanai).
Translation Strategies of Terms Used in Jewelry Production from Mandarin to Bahasa Indonesia Using Han Character Identification
Authors: Dian Prasetyo Adi  , Rizka Charadhiky Putra Aditama
Published: February 2022

Translation strategies are sets of adopted principles and schemes to achieve a certain translation goal in a translation activity (Yanlu, 2017, p. 164-168). Using the strategies, the translation results in any manufacturing process are expected to be acceptable, suitable, and understandable. PT. Gemopia Indonesia, located in Sukoharjo, Central Java is a jewelry company. This company has the biggest main factory established in Tiongkok. Therefore, the production process is strongly related to the use of Mandarin. This article aims to give Mandarin to Bahasa translation strategies related to the terms used in jewelry production. In order to collect data, some techniques, such as interviews, observations, and documentation were employed. After being analyzed, some strategies are acquired, as follows: (a) words grouping based on their sound, (b) words grouping based on metal element or jīnzì pang (金字旁), (c) words grouping based on fire element or huǒzì pang (火字旁), (d) words grouping based on the development of pǐn 品word, and (e) words grouping based on the development of shí 石 word.
Local Wisdom of Giving Ulos in The Adat Ceremony, Sari Matua, in Batak Toba Community
Authors: Jamorlan Siahaa  , Asni Barus  , Asriaty R. Purba
Published: February 2022

Ulos is a specific Bataknese handmade piece of cloth which symbolizes the bond of love and affection between parents and their children. Sari matua is a deceased person whose some of his off  spring  are  still  single.  Ulos  and  sari  matua  are  closely  related  in  the  Bataknese  adat ceremony, and special ulos is given to a deceased widow or widower. The objective of the research was to find out the procedure of sari matua ceremony and the ways of giving ulos as a local wisdom. It was also aimed to inventory the giving of ulos as a local wisdom in the sari matua adat ceremony and to conserve the Bataknse culture as the national one. According to Robert’s theory (2012: 114), local wisdom is local ideas and knowledge which have wisdom, good values, and good character which should be owned, guided, and implemented by certain community members. The research used descriptive method; it was conducted based on the empirical facts and phenomena found in their speakers so that the result was like a picture, as if it was real. Sari matua adat ceremony is not the same as saur matua adat ceremony. The former is can be held when some of the descendants are unmarried yet while the latter was held when all of the descendants are married and have their children and grandchildren. There were 19 pieces of ulos in the research, along with sortali, headbands for men and women worn in grief and joy adat ceremonies. The types of Ulos given by hulahula, tulang, tulangrorobot, binatulang, bonaniari, mataniaribinsar, hulahulanaposo, and hulahulanamarhamaranggi are varied, depending on who is giving it. Jambar which has to be conveyed to all hula hula should be in accordance with ru ria raja (mutual agreement or consensus). The output of this research is the indexed proceeding seminar, reputable international journal, and textbook.
Nandong Smong As Song Heritage From Tsunami Disaster In The Aceh Simeulue Culture: A Study Of Musical, Textual, Functional, And It’s Local Wisdom
Authors: Muhammad Takari
Published: February 2022

The theme of this research is nandong smong, namely the singing of means of survival from the tsunami disaster in the culture of the Simeulue Aceh tribe. This research examines four aspects of nandong smong in Simeulue Aceh, namely: (1) musical, (2) textual, (3) functional, and (4) )local wisdom. In this study, to study the four aspects of nandong smong, separate theories are used: for musicals the weighted scale theory is used, for textual semiotic theory is used, for functional theory is used, and for local wisdom, ethnoscience theory (ethnomethodology) is used. The methods and techniques used are qualitative research methods based on field observations, direct involvement, interviews, and audiovisual data recording. The results of this study are as follows: (1) from a musical aspect, nandong smong uses a typical Simeulue microtonal scale, in the form of a semi-free meter, and a heterophonic texture; (2) from the textual aspect of nandong smong, it is included in the type of poetry, consisting of five stanzas, which as a whole tell about what a tsunami (smong) is and how to save oneself from the smong, the meaning contained in the smong text is mostly denotative and little metaphoric connotative meaning; (3) functionally, nandong smong has uses and functions. The use of nandong smong is: (i) to enliven the atmosphere of the wedding party, (ii) to enliven the atmosphere of the circumcision party, (iii) to enliven the welcoming ceremony for guests, (iv) to celebrate the anniversary of Indonesia's independence, (v) to inaugurate the government building, (vi) for tourism activities, (vii) cultural performances, and others, according to the times. While there are two main functions of nandong smong, namely: (a) to inform the symptoms and phenomena of the tsunami and (b) to tell how to save yourself from this tsunami disaster, plus other functions such as: (c) maintaining cosmological balance, (d) communication, (e) cultural sustainability, (f) strengthening Simeulue's cultural identity, (g) appreciation of Islam, (h) entertainment, and (i) socio-cultural integration. (4) From the aspect of local wisdom, nandong smong expresses the wisdom of the Simeulue people in dealing with disasters.