bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinical, epidemiological and surgical characteristics of acute appendicitis in adult patients at hospital in Lima
Authors:   Hospital Alberto sabogal Sologuren. Callao, Peru., Cespedes Carla , Costa Andrea ,   Alerta Médica. Lima, Peru., Ibañez Adriana E. ,   Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Ricardo Palma. Lima, Peru., Huamanñahui Joel A. ,   Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Ricardo Palma. Lima, Peru.
Published: July 2023

Mr. Editor: Acute appendicitis represents the most prevalent abdominal surgical condition globally, affecting approximately 10% of the population. Notably, its incidence is higher during the second and third decades of life, constituting the main cause of acute abdomen in the young adult population. In view of its prevalence, it is imperative that an early diagnosis be established and appropriate treatment applied to prevent associated complications. It is important to note that the mortality rate for uncomplicated cases is 0.6%, but it can rise to between 2-3% in cases of perforation and 5-15% in the elderly population.
Effects of masticatory movements on the head, trunk and body sway during the standing position
Authors:   Division of Oral Functional Science, Graduate, Department of Oral Functional Prosthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan, Shima Keiko , Sakaguchi Kiwamu ,   Division of Oral Functional Science, Graduate, Department of Oral Functional Prosthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan, Mehta Noshir R. ,   Craniofacial Pain Center, Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA, Maruyama Tomoaki ,   Computer Science Course, Department of Industrial Engineering, National Institute of Technology (KOSEN)
Published: July 2023

Introduction Mastication involves complex tongue movements, coordination of lip, and cheek movements and is associated with head movement to facilitate the intraoral transport of food from ingesting to swallowing; it affects many functions of the whole body. However, studies to evaluate the relationship between masticatory movements and the body posture are still lacking to our knowledge. The purpose of this study was to characterize the effects of masticatory movements on the head, trunk, and body sway during the standing position. Methodology A total of 30 healthy subjects were evaluated. The MatScanTM system was used to analyze changes in body posture (center of foot pressure: COP) and the 3-dimensional motion analysis system was used to analyze changes in the head and trunk postures while subjects remained in the standing position with the rest position, centric occlusion, and masticating chewing gum. Results The total trajectory length of COP and head and trunk sways during masticating chewing gum were significantly shorter and smaller respectively than it was in the rest position and centric occlusion (p<0.016). COP area during masticating chewing gum was significantly smaller than it was in the 2 mandibular positions (p<0.016). Conclusion Masticatory movements positively affect the stability of the head, trunk, and body sways and enhance the postural stability during the standing position.
Newborn screening for sickle cell disease in Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of the Congo: An update on the prevalence of the disease
Authors: Katamea Tina , Mukuku Olivier , Mpoy Charles Wembonyama , Mutombo André Kabamba , Luboya Oscar Numbi , Wembonyama Stanislas Okitotsho
Published: July 2023

Objectives:

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is an autosomal recessive hemoglobinopathy. It affects about 2% of newborns in some sub-Saharan African countries. In most patients, the incidence of complications can be reduced if screening takes place at birth. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of SCD among a population of newborns in Lubumbashi, in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC).

Material and Methods:

This prospective and cross-sectional study was conducted among newborns in five referral maternity hospitals in Lubumbashi city, in the DRC. Newborns’ blood samples were examined by capillary electrophoresis.

Results:

Of a total of 588 newborns screened for SCD, 369 (68.59%; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 64.48%–72.49%) newborns were Hemoglobin AA (HbAA); 141 (26.21%; 95% CI: 22.54%–30.14%) newborns were HbAS; 27 (5.01%; 95% CI: 3.33%–7.22%) newborns were HbSS, and 1 (0.19%; 95% CI: 0.00%–1.03%) newborn was Hemoglobin AC (HbAC).

Conclusion:

The present study determined the prevalence of SCD during neonatal screening in Lubumbashi. The conduct of premarital counseling is essential to reduce the prevalence of this hemoglobinopathy which is high (5.01% of HbSS). Systematic newborn screening in all maternity wards in the country would help to assess the prevalence at the national level and improve the quality of life of SCD children.
Anteater nose sign and reverse anteater nose sign: Are they specific for calcaneonavicular coalition?
Authors: Bhoil Rohit , Ahluwalia Ajay , Sharma Ritu , Das Abhishek , Jhobta Anupam
Published: July 2023

The anteater nose sign has been described on imaging in the case of the calcaneonavicular coalition and is produced by a tubular elongation of the anterior calcaneal process that approaches or overlaps the navicular bone, resembling an anteater’s nose. Similarly, the reverse anteater sign refers to the posterior and lateral extension of the navicular bone, also seen in the case of the calcaneonavicular coalition. Originally described on lateral or oblique foot/ankle radiographs, this appearance is also observed in the case of magnetic resonance images (MRI) on sagittal sections. We describe a case of a talocalcaneal coalition, in which the MRI had a similar appearance, thereby confusing the imaging findings of the case, and discuss the key imaging features for the correct diagnosis. We also propose a new sign, “Opposing beak sign,” for this similar appearance in the case of a talo-calcaneal coalition, awareness of which as a distinct entity on sagittal MRI would help correct preoperative diagnosis and subsequent management.
Automated LC-MS Analysis and Data Extraction for High-Throughput Chemistry
Authors: Mason Joseph , Wilders Harry , Fallon David J. , Thomas Ross P. , Bush Jacob T. , Tomkinson Nicholas C. O. , Rianjongdee Francesco
Published: July 2023

High-throughput experimentation for chemistry and chemical biology has emerged as a highly impactful technology, particularly when applied to Direct-to-Biology. Analysis of the rich datasets which come from this mode of experimentation continues to be the rate-limiting step to reaction optimisation and the submission of compounds for biological assay. We present PyParse, an automated, accurate and accessible program for data extraction from high-throughput chemistry and provide real-life examples of situations in which PyParse can provide dramatic improvements in the speed and accuracy of analysing plate data. This software package has been made available through GitHub repository under an open-source Apache 2.0 licence, to facilitate the widespread adoption of high-throughput chemistry and enable the creation of standardised chemistry datasets for reaction prediction.
Catalytic Friedel–Crafts Reactions of Unactivated Secondary Alcohols: Site-Selective ortho-Alkylation of Phenols
Authors: Pan Aaron , Nguyen Viviene , Rangel Lorraine , Fan Charlene , Kou Kevin
Published: July 2023

A combination of catalytic ZnCl2 and catalytic CSA enables the first site-selective Friedel–Crafts alkylation of phenolic derivatives with unactivated secondary alcohols. This catalysis favors ortho-selectivity even in the absence of steric influence. Through kinetics and density functional theory, we propose a mechanism where zinc and CSA function to scaffold both the phenolic and alcohol precursors, predisposing them for ortho-alkylation.
Identification of three unexpected new psychoactive substances at an Australian drug checking service
Authors: McLeod Malcolm D. , Algar Jess L. , Lawes Douglas J. , Carroll Adam J. , Caldicott David
Published: July 2023

Drug checking is a harm reduction measure which provides people with the opportunity to confirm the identity and purity of substances before consumption. The CanTEST Health and Drug Checking Service is Australia’s first fixed-site drug checking service, where clients can learn about the contents of the samples they provide whilst receiving tailored harm reduction and health advice. Three samples were recently presented to the service with the expectation of 4-fluoromethylphenidate (4F-MPH) 1, methoxetamine (MXE) 2 and 3-methylmethcathinone (3-MMC) 3. The identity of all three samples did not meet these expectations and remained unknown on-site as no high confidence identifications were obtained. However, further analysis by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, high resolution gas chromatography-electron ionisation-mass spectrometry (GC-EI-MS) and liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS) at the Australian National University (ANU) allowed for the structure elucidation of the three samples as 4-fluoro-α-pyrrolidinoisohexanophenone (4F-α-PiHP) 4, 1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-4-methylpiperazine (4F-MBZP) 5 and N-propyl-1,2-diphenylethylamine (propylphenidine) 6 respectively. Given all three samples were not of the expected identity and have not yet been described in the literature, this study presents a full characterisation of each substance. As exemplified by this rapid identification of three unexpected new psychoactive substances, drug checking can be used as an effective method to monitor the unregulated drug market.
Visualizing the transient assembly and disassembly of carboxylic anhydrides in the organic chemistry laboratory
Authors: Peddi Sumalatha , Franklin Jacob R. , Hartley C. Scott
Published: July 2023

Chemical reactions that mimic the function of ATP hydrolysis in biochemistry are of current interest in nonequilibrium systems chemistry. The formation of transient bonds from these reactions can drive molecular machines or generate material with time-dependent properties. While the behavior of these systems can be complicated, the underlying chemistry is often simple: they are therefore potentially interesting topics for undergraduate introductory organic chemistry students, combining state of the art advances in systems chemistry with straightforward reactions. Here, a teaching experiment has been developed that explores the transient assembly of benzoic acid derivatives driven by carbodiimide hydration. Working in teams, students examine the formation and decomposition of anhydrides from two benzoic acids using a carbodiimide “fuel”. The students examine classic reaction kinetics of anhydride hydrolysis using two independent methods, NMR and IR spectroscopies. They then explore how the amount of carbodiimide affects the lifetimes of precipitates of benzoic anhydride as a simple example of out-of-equilibrium self-assembly.
INVESTMENT MECHANISM DEVELOPMENT BASED ON INVESTMENT PLATFORMS
Authors: Глушкова Н.Б. , Медведева И.А.
Published: July 2023

В связи с ростом цифровизации экономики РФ возникает настоятельная потребность в совершенствовании современных механизмов и инструментов инвестирования. Поэтому рассмотренные в статье вопросы сущности и механизма функционирования инвестиционных платформ являются в настоящий момент времени весьма актуальными, но в то же время мало изученными. Цель исследования – рассмотрение опыта и перспектив развития инвестирования бизнеса на основе инвестиционных платформ. В статье описывается механизм финансирования бизнес-проектов с использованием инвестиционных платформ (краудфандинга). Рассмотрены примеры функционирования отдельных инвестиционных платформ на отечественном финансовом рынке. Сделан сравнительный анализ их применения. Научной новизной исследования является обобщение незначительного накопленного в России опыта подобного инвестирования и выявление основных проблем, сдерживающих широкое использование механизма инвестирования на основе интернет-площадок. Авторами сформулирован ряд рекомендаций по расширению возможностей инвестирования проектов через автоматизированные системы.

In connection with the growth of digitalization of the Russian economy, there is an urgent need to improve modern investment mechanisms and instruments. Therefore, the issues of the essence and mechanism of functioning of investment platforms discussed in the article are currently very relevant, but, at the same time, little studied. The purpose of the study is to study the economic essence and prospects for the development of business investment based on investment platforms. The article describes the mechanism of financing business projects using investment platforms (crowdfunding). Examples of the functioning of individual investment platforms in the domestic financial market are considered. A comparative analysis of their application has been made. The scientific novelty of the study is the generalization of the insignificant experience of such investment accumulated in Russia and the identification of the main problems hindering the widespread use of the investment mechanism based on Internet platforms. The authors have formulated a number of recommendations for expanding the possibilities of investing projects through automated systems.
POSSIBILITIES FOR APPLYING ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE TECHNOLOGIES BY RUSSIAN COMPANIES FOR INCREASING THE ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF THE IR ACTIVITIES
Authors: Толкаченко О.Ю.
Published: July 2023

Цель статьи заключается в рассмотрении имеющегося опыта в области использования искусственного интеллекта и когнитивных технологий в деятельности крупных компаний развитых стран и выявлении возможности их применения в практике отечественных компаний в интересах повышения эффективности деятельности. В ходе анализа автором были уточнены понятия «когнитивные технологии» и «искусственный интеллект», а также установлена взаимосвязь между данными дефинициями. Опираясь на проведенные исследования компанией Deloitte в США, в статье обоснована актуальность применения искусственного интеллекта в организационной практике. Научная новизна полученных результатов заключается в разработке авторской классификации инструментов искусственного интеллекта, которая базируется на анализе зарубежной практики внедрения искусственного интеллекта и когнитивных технологий в деятельность компаний. К числу выделенных видов относятся: нейронные сети, статистическое машинное обучение, обработка естественного языка, глубокое обучение, роботизированная автоматизация процессов, экспертные системы на основе правил, физические роботы.

The purpose of this article is to study the existing experience in the field of using cognitive technologies and artificial intelligence in the activities of large companies in developed countries and to identify opportunities for their application in the practice of domestic companies to improve performance. In the course of the analysis, the author clarified the concepts of "cognitive technologies" and "artificial intelligence", and also established the relationship between these definitions. Based on the research conducted by Deloitte in the USA, the article substantiates the relevance of using artificial intelligence in organizational practice.The scientific novelty of the results obtained lies in the development of the author's classification of artificial intelligence technologies, which is based on the analysis of foreign practice of introducing cognitive technologies and artificial intelligence into the activities of companies. The selected types include: statistical machine learning, neural networks, deep learning, natural language processing, rule-based expert systems, physical robots, robotic automated processes.
DEMOGRAPHIC POTENTIAL OF RURAL TERRITORIES OF THE REGION
Authors: Герасимов А.Н. , Громов Е.И. , Леликова Е.И.
Published: July 2023

Статья посвящена исследованию демографической ситуации в Ставропольском крае. Авторами проанализированы численность сельского населения, возрастная структура, естественный и механический прирост (убыль), демографическая нагрузка, коэффициенты жизненности Покровского. Формирование трудовых ресурсов для организаций АПК происходит в сельской местности, которая должна обеспечивать их непрерывное возобновление и подготовку для работы в сельскохозяйственном производстве. Научная новизна полученных результатов заключается в обосновании типа и режима воспроизводства сельского населения, которое является основным источником пополнения трудовых ресурсов для организаций агропромышленного комплекса в разрезе зон сельскохозяйственной специализации региона.

The article is devoted to the study of the demographic situation in the Stavropol Territory. The authors analyzed the number of rural population, age structure, natural and mechanical increase (decrease), demographic load, Pokrovsky's vitality coefficients. The formation of labor resources for agribusiness organizations takes place in rural areas, which should ensure their continuous renewal and training for work in agricultural production. The scientific novelty of the results obtained lies in the substantiation of the type and mode of reproduction of the rural population, which is the main source of replenishment of labor resources for organizations of the agro-industrial complex, in the context of the zones of agricultural specialization of the region.
INFRASTRUCTURE PPP PROJECTS IN RUSSIAN PRACTICE: DEVELOPMENT TRENDS
Authors: Мохаммед М.А.Х. , Беденко Н.Н.
Published: July 2023

Цель статьи – исследование сущности инфраструктурных ГЧП-проектов, реализуемых в российской практике, определение траектории их развития. Элементы научной новизны исследования заключаются: 1) в уточнении понятия «инфраструктурные ГЧП-проекты», под которыми понимаются способы привлечения частных инвестиций в создание и эксплуатацию объектов общественной инфраструктуры на основе сочетания механизмов и инструментов государственного управления и потенциала субъектов предпринимательской деятельности; 2) в определении траектории развития инфраструктурных ГЧП-проектов; 3) в расширении мер поддержки; 4) в предложении о развитии системы нормативно-правового сопровождения, мер по совершенствованию системы управления.

The purpose of the article is to study the essence of infrastructure PPP projects implemented in Russian practice, and determine the trajectory of their development. The scientific novelty of the study consists: 1) in clarifying the concept of "infrastructure PPP projects", which means ways to attract private investment in the creation and operation of public infrastructure facilities based on a combination of mechanisms and tools of public administration and the potential of business entities; 2) in determining the trajectory of development of infrastructure PPP projects; 3) in expansion of support measures; 4) in development of the system of regulatory support; development of methodology, improvement of the management system.
CAPACIDADES DE INVESTIGACIÓN FORMATIVA EN ESTUDIANTES DE CIENCIAS EMPRESARIALES DE UNA UNIVERSIDAD PÚBLICA DURANTE LA PANDEMIA.
Authors: Cochachin Sánchez Leoncio Florentino , Montañez Avendaño Wilfredo Camilo , Mena Sánchez Edgar Reynaldo , Villegas Ramirez Giovani
Published: July 2023

El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar las competencias de investigación de los estudiantes universitarios presentes durante la pandemia de Covid-19. El estudio fue aplicado, con un enfoque cuantitativo, no experimental-analítico comparativo, de diseño transversal, indagó el desarrollo de las competencias de investigación de estudiantes de diferentes carreras. La población de estudio estuvo conformada por 304 matriculados en los últimos ciclos del semestre 2021-II. De los encuestados, 30.3% indicaron que ha realizado búsqueda en base de datos científicas; 28.3% tener experiencia previa en investigación. experiencia; 24.3% cuanta con ingles básico; el 17.1% utiliza los gestores bibliográficos. En cuanto a las debilidades el 34,9% Menciona tener dificultades de redacción. El 27,3% Considera que tienen dificultades en el procesamiento de datos estadísticos. El 21,7% tiene dificultades en búsqueda de artículos y libros que le permitan construir el estudio. El 16,1% tiene dificultades en identificar con claridad las variables de estudio.
Crescimento econômico e desenvolvimento humano por meio do acesso a crédito
Authors: Pompeu Gina Vidal Marcilio , Lima Suzyane Moura
Published: July 2023

Por meio do estudo que ora se apresenta, tem-se como objetivo analisar a política de acesso ao crédito dirigida às micro e pequenas empresas brasileiras. Para isso, a pesquisa aborda os Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável da Organização das Nações Unidas (ONU), em especial no que tange à meta 8.3 da Agenda 2030, que diz respeito às políticas orientadas ao desenvolvimento e ao incentivo às micro e pequenas empresas, por meio de acesso a serviços financeiros. Segundo o Serviço Brasileiro de Apoio às Micro e Pequenas Empresas (SEBRAE), em 2018, as micro e pequenas empresas são responsáveis por 52% dos empregos com carteira assinada no país, o que demonstra a relevância de viabilizar acesso ao crédito a estas empresas e a sua correlação com o desenvolvimento sustentável. O texto adota os raciocínios indutivo e dedutivo, em pesquisa qualitativa, com as técnicas de análise documental, legislativa, estatísticas e de revisão bibliográfica. A metodologia envolve pesquisa interdisciplinar com orientação epistemológica na teoria crítica, congrega teoria e práxis e articula Direito e Economia, para, ao final, oferecer crítica e apresentar resultados conciliadores entre crescimento econômico e desenvolvimento humano por meio do acesso ao crédito.
A prevenção e erradicação do trabalho infantil: a formulação de políticas públicas a partir da realidade local
Authors: Moreira Rafael Bueno da Rosa , Freitas Higor Neves de
Published: July 2023

O tema do presente artigo envolve a formulação das políticas públicas de prevenção e erradicação do trabalho infantil a partir da realidade local. O objetivo geral é a compreensão da formulação das políticas públicas de prevenção e erradicação do trabalho infantil a partir da realidade local. Os objetivos específicos são contextualizar o trabalho infantil, sistematizar a proteção jurídica contra o trabalho infantil e o Sistema de Garantia de Direitos e analisar a formulação de políticas públicas de prevenção e erradicação do trabalho infantil a partir da realidade local. O problema de pesquisa questiona o processo de formulação de políticas públicas de prevenção e erradicação do trabalho infantil, considerando a realidade local. A hipótese indica a necessidade de diagnósticos e grupos focais para formulação de políticas públicas de prevenção e erradicação do trabalho infantil de acordo com a realidade local, tendo em vista que cada município possui suas particularidades. Isso permite o estabelecimento de processos de identificação e fluxos de encaminhamento, proporcionando ações estratégicas capazes de enfrentar essa violação de direitos. O método de abordagem é dedutivo e o método de procedimento monográfico, com técnicas de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental. Os principais resultados demonstram que os diagnósticos e a avaliação das políticas públicas por meio de indicadores sociais permitem, além de processos de formulação de políticas públicas de acordo com a realidade e as particularidades de cada município, a avaliação e monitoramento do andamento da política pública e de sua efetividade.
Desenvolvimento e constituição
Authors: Nobre Júnior Edilson Pereira
Published: July 2023

O texto visa à abordagem das relações entre a constituição e o direito ao desenvolvimento. Ao depois de se ressaltar o reconhecimento do direito ao desenvolvimento mediante declarações internacionais de direitos, especialmente a Declaração sobre o Direito ao Desenvolvimento da ONU de 1986, foi delineada uma ideia atual de desenvolvimento, a qual implica transformação. Não obstante o caráter de não exigibilidade imediata da norma da Constituição Federal de 1988 que prevê o direito ao desenvolvimento, é indiscutível a utilidade do diploma constitucional, o que ocorre mediante a previsão de liberdades instrumentais, as quais são indispensáveis para que aquele pode ser alcançado. Ao final, adverte-se que a normatividade da constituição, em casos como tais, dependentes de fatores políticos, sociais e econômicos, encontra-se subordinada ao desafio da realidade.
Crimes e danos ambientais: a criminologia crítica como pressuposto para a criminologia verde – influências e convergências
Authors: Colognese Mariângela Matarazzo Fanfa , Budó Marília de Nardin
Published: July 2023

Este estudo tem por objetivo compreender de que maneira a criminologia verde se compatibiliza ou não com os desdobramentos da criminologia crítica. Através de pesquisa exploratória bibliográfica, são descritas essas teorias e suas aproximações e afastamentos. A conclusão aponta para uma aproximação paradigmática, visto que destacam a relação funcional entre controle penal e o sistema de imunidades e de criminalização seletiva evidenciado nas relações de poder entre os grupos dominantes e as minorias invisibilizadas afetadas pela degradação ambiental.
O protagonismo da educação como promotora da justiça social e dos direitos humanos
Authors: Bagetti Zeifert Anna Paula , Barbosa de Lima Juliana , Cenci Daniel Rubens
Published: July 2023

O estudo faz uma abordagem das capacidades, marco teórico escolhido para a análise acerca da justiça, além de compreender o protagonismo da educação como promotora da justiça social e dos direitos humanos. Toma por referência a lista de capacidades proposta por Martha Nussbaum, que pode ser vista como um modelo de complementação à discussão histórica dos direitos humanos, capaz de auxiliar na consolidação de uma sociedade mais justa e inclusiva que tem na educação a base para seu desenvolvimento. Nussbaum defende que uma educação de qualidade deve atentar às artes e às humanidades, a fim de possibilitar sentimentos como a dúvida e a compaixão, capacitando os alunos a participar do âmbito político e exercer a democracia, meios pelos quais desigualdades tendem a ser reduzidas, produzindo justiça social. Para seu delineamento, o trabalho teórico utiliza o método de abordagem hipotético-dedutivo. Assim, os resultados desta pesquisa apontam que a abordagem das capacidades é um modelo de combate à exclusão, fundamental para construção de uma sociedade mais justa e inclusiva e a educação é essencial para a realização da justiça social e dos direitos humanos.
Educação inclusiva como direito: uma análise da trajetória da educação inclusiva no Brasil e seus desdobramentos atuais
Authors: Pereira Maria Marconiete Fernandes , Pereira Lizzie Caroline Silva de Oliveira
Published: July 2023

Este artigo parte da premissa de que a educação necessariamente precisa ser inclusiva, para que possa ser considerada um direito de todos. É oportuno lembrar que a Declaração Universal dos Direitos Humanos, proclamada pela ONU, em 1948, foi um divisor no entendimento acerca da responsabilidade estatal na oferta de uma educação de qualidade. Até então, tinha um caráter de acolhimento terapêutico e de instrução. Consolidaram esse novo entendimento as Declarações e Convenções posteriores. A análise do tema será feita a partir de uma abordagem histórico-normativa. Além disso, serão enfocadas as normas das constituições brasileiras sobre a educação inclusiva, culminando com a Constituição Federal de 1988 que pontuou os ideais de igualdade e dignidade humana. Nesse contexto, pretende-se demonstrar o significado da expressão “inclusão escolar”, destacando-se os principais aspectos norteadores da política nacional de educação inclusiva, no período de 2008 e 2020. Tratando-se de pesquisa qualitativa, será feita uma abordagem bibliográfica e documental, por meio do método dedutivo. No desenvolvimento do trabalho, a educação inclusiva será compreendida como um sistema de cooperação social.

Palavras-chave: Educação inclusiva. Constituições brasileiras. Políticas públicas.
Experiência da pandemia do Covid-19 no uso de máscaras de proteção contra Covid-19: multa ou nudge?
Authors: Auerhahn Guilherme Henrique , Agustinho Eduardo Oliveira , Josviak Dresch João Paulo
Published: July 2023

O artigo procura analisar a experiência da pandemia do Coronavírus quanto aos seus reflexos no comportamento humano, utilizando como análise de caso a obrigação da utilização de máscaras de segurança em período de calamidade pública, tirando como exemplo prático o modelo instituído pelo Estado do Paraná. Diante do caráter sancionatório da referida lei, há a discussão de qual seria a melhor alternativa legislativa e de políticas públicas diante do bem-estar social e das liberdades individuais: se seria a aplicação de multa pelo descumprimento do uso das máscaras de segurança ou a utilização de um Nudge. Utilizando-se do método dedutivo, a resposta dessa pergunta parte da conceituação de paternalismo libertário e do que é um Nudge, passando pelas análises de bem-estar, liberdade segundo Amartya Sen e liberdade a partir da leitura de Kaushik Basu. Concluiu-se que, diante dos conceitos de liberdade e bem-estar, a experiência de sanção pecuniária pelo não uso da máscara de proteção, em que pese o esforço estatal, se mostrou ineficaz, eis que o valor pago a título de multas restou irrisório. A alternativa à sanção, partindo da manutenção da liberdade, porém, privilegiando o bem-estar da coletividade parte da instituição de incentivos comportamentais, que, ao invés de incentivar o uso através do medo em ser sancionado, trata de realizar a conscientização geral através da economia comportamental.
Pengaruh Bermain Smartphone Terhadap Agresivitas Anak
Authors: Mil Silvie , Shanzivani Shakira
Published: July 2023

AbstractTechnological developments affect the phases of child development, one of the emotional emotional developments that have an impact on children's aggressive behavior. The purpose of this study was to determine how playing smartphones impacts the aggressiveness of children aged 5-6 years. This research uses a quantitative method. The data collection technique used purposive sampling and the subjects in this study were 120 children in Kindergarten, Ciracas District, aged 5-6 years. The results of this study indicate that playing smartphones has a significant impact on aggressive behavior shown by children, such as crying, getting angry, hitting, and hitting. However, playing smartphones does not always cause children to behave aggressively. This depends on the intensity of smartphone playing, the applications used and the content that children access when playing smartphones.Keywords: Smartphone; Early Childhood; Aggressive BehaviorAbstrakPerkembangan teknologi mempengaruhi fase perkembangan anak, salah satu perkembangan siosial emosional yang berdampak pada perilaku agresif anak. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan bagaimana bermain smartphone berdampak pada agresivitas anak-anak berusia 5-6 tahun. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif. Teknik pengambilan data menggunakan purposive sampling dan subjek dalam penelitian ini. 120 anak di TK Kecamatan Ciracas yang berusia 5-6 tahun. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa bermain smartphone memiliki dampak yang signifikan terhadap perilaku agresif yang ditunjukkan anak-anak, seperti menangis, marah, memukul, dan bertengkar. Akan tetapi bermain smartphone tidak selalu menyebabkan anak-anak berperilaku agresif. Hal ini tergantung pada intensitas bermain smartphone, aplikasi yang digunakan dan konten yang diakses anak saat bermain smartphone.Kata kunci: Smartphone; Anak Usia Dini; Agresivitas
Peningkatan pelayanan publik pemerintah desa melalui sistem informasi kependudukan berbasis web
Authors: Riko Dandi , Marcus Ronald David
Published: July 2023

The rapid development of technology encourages faster and easier digitization of government administration services. The application of technology can be used to improve public services, especially at the village level. The purpose of this research is to develop a web-based population information system for village governments. The research was conducted through a Research and Development approach. The system is designed by involving four actors, namely admin, officers, residents, and the village head. Implementation is carried out by providing features on the website, from letter requests to complaint services. Then, the results of system development were tested using the Blackbox Testing and User Acceptance Test methods. The results show that the population information system developed is considered good enough to be used. Through this research, the performance of village officials in terms of service and management of population data can be optimized effectively and efficiently. In addition, the system built can also provide easier access to information for the community.
Analisis dan perancangan aplikasi Augmented Reality anatomi tubuh manusia berbasis Android
Authors: Nurwicaksono Ahmad Soni , Swalaganata Galandaru
Published: July 2023

This study focuses on designing and analyzing an Android-based Augmented Reality (AR) device for practical learning of human anatomy. Its objective is to analyze the effectiveness of AR technology in enhancing practical learning of human anatomy and identifying possible issues in implementing such technology. The study utilizes the software development method based on SDLC with a waterfall model. The results demonstrate that the use of AR technology in practical learning of human anatomy can improve the effectiveness of student learning. Students who use AR devices can better understand and recall the material faster than those who do not. Additionally, the AR device facilitates students in visualizing the human body structure interactively and in 3D. However, the study also identifies some issues that may arise during the implementation of AR technology in practical learning of human anatomy. Educators and software developers can take note of these issues when developing AR applications for practical learning of human anatomy. In conclusion, this study proves that the use of AR technology in practical learning of human anatomy can enhance the effectiveness of student learning and provide useful information for educators and software developers in developing effective AR applications for practical learning of human anatomy.
Commercially Available Glucans of Various Raw Materials – Use Optimization from the Nutrigenomics Standpoint
Authors: Utkina Aleksandra , Karagodin Vasilii
Published: July 2023

A man determined genes differentially expressed under the action of different raw mate rials glucans by the transcriptomic analysis using a cell model with macrophages. The total number of genes was 16; its activity increased or decreased significantly under the action of three different glucans. There are effects similarity of glucans from yeast and fungi, in contrast to the effects of glucan from oats. The change magnitude in the expression of the same genes was slightly higher under the influence of glucan from yeast than glucan from fungi. The expression profile of three genes (IL-10, TNF-a and MIF) changed in a similar way under the influence of all studied glucans. The manuscript describes biological effects as sociated with the genes characterized by the most significant change in expression. These data suggest that glucans from yeast and fungi are immunomodulators, whereas glucan from oats regulates mainly the inflammation and cholesterol metabolism processes. The conducted experiments enable to optimize recommendations on the practical glucans use for health purposes in terms of the glucan commercial form choice and the expected ef fects.
Formation and Structure Research of a Molecular Conjugate in the L-Ascorbic Acid – Isomaltite System
Authors: Cherepanov Igor , Tretyakova Viktoria
Published: July 2023

The formation of L-ascorbic acid molecular complexes with various biologically active substances opens the way to the production of a new drug type promising for the pharmaceutical, food and cosmetic industries use. The research concerns the possibility study of obtaining a conjugate of L-ascorbic acid with isomaltite in an aqueous ethanol (40 %) medium. The method of the target product isolating involves thermostating a solution containing equimolar amounts (0.001 mmol) of components (50 °C, 1 hour), followed by slow solvent removal for 24 hours (25 °C). The authors examined formation processes dynamics by molecular spectroscopy methods through sequential sampling. The optical density values at 350 Nm in the electronic spectra and 1,674 and 1,754 cm−1 bands position in the IR-Fourier solution spectra indicate the components destruction absence during thermostate control. When treated with carbon tetrachloride or diethyl ether, the syrupy mass obtained after solvent removal containing significant solvent amounts crystallizes a yellowish powder (0.32 g, ice point at 146.6 °C). A man studied its structure by the IR-Fourier spectroscopy. The authors recorded the spectra in the transmission mode (in the KBr tablets) and using the diffusion reflection method enabling to record changes in the absorption bands characteristic positions of the molecular complex formation. The transmission spectra of the high-frequency area indicate the 1-O-glycosylated isomaltite component involvement in the conjugation with ascorbic acid. The shifts of the C=C, C−O and C−O−H bond oscillation bands in the diffusion reflection spectrum of the isolated product relative to their position in the initial component spectra in the low-frequency area indicate the endiol ascorbic acid fragment interaction with the secondary OH groups of the acyclic isomaltite component. Structural analogues of the studied molecular conjugate are promising antioxidant preparations. This determines the further study relevance of its properties.
E-book: un recurso didáctico gamificado para el aprendizaje de las Ciencias Naturales
Authors: Benavides-Velasco Rossana
Published: July 2023

La presente investigación responde a la necesidad de mejorar los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje a partir del uso de las Tecnologías de Información y Comunicación (TIC), como realidad del bajo uso de herramientas tecnológicas por parte de los docentes en las aulas, con este antecedente se planteó la aplicación del e-book como recurso didáctico gamificado en los novenos años del Instituto Nacional Mejía. La metodología es de tipo cuasiexperimental conformado por dos grupos: 135 estudiantes del grupo experimental (GE) y 115 del grupo control (GC). Se utilizó un pretest y postest con un cuestionario validado a través de juicio de expertos, el Alfa de Cronbach fue de 0.80 que comprueba la confiabilidad del cuestionario. Los datos de las actividades desarrolladas se procesaron mediante la prueba de T, permitiendo rechazar la hipótesis nula al tener un p (valor) menor a 0.05 en las medias aritméticas del pretest y postest, organizadores gráficos y talleres, la decisión final fue rechazar la hipótesis nula y aceptar la hipótesis alternativa, la cual menciona el recurso didáctico gamificado e-book que permite mejorar los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje, y lograr un mayor rendimiento académico en Ciencias Naturales en los grupos experimentales. Los resultados fueron relevantes al mejorar significativamente el interés y motivación de los estudiantes por aprender, influyendo directamente en su rendimiento académico lo que se demostró en los promedios obtenidos: el GE alcanzó un incremento de hasta 4 puntos a diferencia del GC que disminuyó un punto al realizar las actividades de manera tradicional.
competencia digital docente en los futuros profesores de Informática del Ecuador
Authors: Rojas-Viteri Juan Carlos , Álvarez-Zurita Alex
Published: July 2023

La sociedad y economía del conocimiento del siglo XXI exigen que los estudiantes desarrollen habilidades y destrezas necesarias para hacer frente a los requerimientos de la vida adulta. Es así como los futuros docentes de educación media de informática del Ecuador, por su formación técnico-pedagógica se enfrentan al reto de desarrollar la competencia digital docente para ayudar a sus alumnos a enfrentar los desafíos tecnológicos que el mundo actual demanda. En el presente estudio se pretendió diagnosticar y analizar el nivel de dominio en las 5 áreas de competencia digital en el estudiantado de la Carrera de Pedagogía de las Ciencias Experimentales de la Informática de la Universidad Central del Ecuador, a través de la aplicación de un cuestionario creado por los docentes Débora Martín Rodríguez, María Saénz, Raúl Santiago y Edurne Chocarro, profesores de dos reconocidas universidades de España. Además, el instrumento fue validado por expertos locales. Para medir la fiabilidad del cuestionario se usó el coeficiente alfa de Cronbach por dimensiones de la competencia digital docente, obteniéndose sobre los 0.90. La metodología utilizada fue empírico-analítica y de tipo descriptivo, se usó un muestreo no probabilístico, a conveniencia de los investigadores de 161 alumnos de distintos niveles y asignaturas. Entre las principales conclusiones encontradas se tiene que las áreas de competencia digital docente menos desarrolladas son solución de problemas y seguridad.
Emotional Labor Behaviors of Pediatric Nurses and Related Factors
Authors: Arıcıoğlu Sülün Ayşe , Vicnelioğlu Elanur
Published: July 2023

Giriş/Amaç: Hemşireler mesleklerinde gerçek duygularını değil, etkileşimde olduğu kişilerin bekledikleri duyguları yansıtabilmek için duygusal emek davranışı sergilemek zorunda kalmaktadırlar. Bu çalışma pediatri hemşirelerinin duygusal
emek davranışları ve ilişkili faktörlerin incelenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmanın verileri Ağustos–Ekim 2022 tarihleri arasında toplanmıştır. Çalışmanın verileri araştırmacı tarafından hazırlanan tanıtıcı
özellikler formu ve “Hemşirelerin Duygusal Emek Davranışı Ölçeği” kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde tanımlayıcı istatistik analizleri yöntemi ile yüzde, ortalama, standart sapma ve korelasyon analizleri
yapılmıştır. İstatistiksel anlamlılık düzeyi p<0.050 olarak kabul edilmiştir. Bulgular: Hemşirelerin sosyodemografik özellikleri incelendiğinde yaş ortalamalarının 31.19±9.35 yıl olduğu, %79.8’inin kadın, %46.8’inin 40 saat
çalıştığı, %93.6’sının aldığı ücreti yetersiz bulduğu saptanmıştır. Çalışmaya katılan pediatri hemşirelerinin çalıştıkları birimden memnuniyet durumu ile duygusal emek ölçeği yüzeysel, derinlemesine ve samimi davranış alt boyutları
arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki olup, çalıştığı birimden memnun olanların puan ortalamalarının daha yüksek olduğu saptanmıştır. Sonuç: Pediatri hemşirelerinin bakım verirken samimi davranış gösterdikleri saptanmıştır.
Bu doğrultuda hemşirelerin duygusal emek davranışı gösterme becerilerinin olması oldukça önemlidir. Hemşirelik lisans müfredatına duygusal emek kavramını açıklayan ders içerikleri eklenmesi önerilebilir.
Evaluation of palliative care clinics according to the Quality Standards in Health 6.1: Bitlis provice
Authors: Taş Çiftcibaşı Fatma , Özyılmaz Cihat , Sayar Burak , Demiray Emine Kübra Dindar
Published: July 2023

Giriş ve Amaç: Gelişmiş ve gelişmekte olan ülkelerde olduğu gibi ülkemizde de beklenen yaşam süresi artmıştır. Bununla birlikte tıp alanındaki gelişmeler sonucunda hastalıklara bağlı akut ölümler azalırken, ciddi kronik hastalığı olan
birey nüfusu artmaktadır. Palyatif bakım hasta ve aile bireylerinin hastalığa bağlı çektikleri acıların rahatlatılması ve yaşam kalitelerin yükseltilmesini amaçlayan bir yaklaşımdır. Bu nedenle palyatif bakım tüm dünyanın gündeminde
olan bir konudur. Bu bağlamda bu çalışma Sağlık Bakanlığı tarafından yayımlanan Sağlıkta Kalite Standartları hastane setinde yer alan “Palyatif Bakım Kliniği”nin Bitlis ilinde uygulanabilirliği ve Bakanlık Kalite değerlendiricileri
tarafından değerlendirme sonuçlarının analizi amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: Bu çalışma 2022 yılında Bitlis İl Sağlık Müdürlüğüne bağlı Sağlık Tesislerinin Sağlık Bakanlığı Kalite Değerlendiricileri tarafından 10 değerlendirme ölçütü ile
değerlendirilen parametrelerden oluşmuştur. Palyatif bakım kliniği bulunan 5 sağlık tesisi değerlendirmeye alınmış ve analiz edilmiştir. Bulgular: Sağlık tesislerinin Palyatif Bakım Kliniği Sağlıkta Kalite Standartları değerlendirme
tablosu incelendiğinde, Bitlis Devlet Hastanesi, Ahlat Devlet Hastanesi, Tatvan Devlet Hastanesi ve Güroymak Devlet Hastanesi’nin 100 tam puan aldığı, Adilcevaz Onkoloji Hastanesinin ise, 75 puan aldığı tespit edilmiştir. Genel
olarak sonuçlara bakıldığında il ortalamasının palyatif bakım kliniğinin 95 puan olduğu görülmüştür. Sonuç: Bütün bu sonuçlar birlikte ele alındığında Palyatif Bakım Kliniği Sağlıkta Kalite Standartları puanı düşük alanlara ağırlık
verilmesi, kalite düzeyinin yüksek olduğu alanların bu düzeyde tutulması için çalışmalar yapılmalıdır. Çalışanların memnuniyeti de göz önünde bulundurularak kalite çalışmalarına hız verilmelidir.
Psychosocial approaches in palliative care
Authors: Yıldırım Arzu
Published: July 2023

Giriş ve Amaç: Palyatif bakım, hem dünyanın yaşlanan nüfusu hem de kanser, HIV/AIDS ve diğer yaşamı sınırlayan hastalık durumlarında kritik öneme sahip olmakla birlikte, palyatif bakım hizmetlerinde psikososyal müdahaleler yeterince
sunulamamaktadır. Psikososyal bakım, hastalığa uyuma ilişkin içgörü ve sonuçları, iletişim, sosyal işlevsellik, ilişkiler ve benlik saygısı sorunları da dahil olmak üzere, hastanın ve ailesinin/bakıcılarının psikolojik ve duygusal
esenliği ile ilgilenen bakım olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Hastaları hastalıkla ilgili duygularını ifade etmeye teşvik ederken aynı zamanda bu tür hastaların ve bakıcılarının psikolojik ve duygusal esenliğini iyileştirmenin yollarını
sağlayan bir bakım şeklidir. Bütüncül, kapsamlı ve hasta merkezli iyileşmeyi destekler. Palyatif bakım, yaşam sonu bakım olmayıp amacı hastalığın tüm evrelerindeki acıları dindirmektir. Bu hastalar sadece hastalık ve semptomların
fiziksel kontrolüne ihtiyaç duymamakta, aynı zamanda hastalığın neden olduğu duygusal, ruhsal ve sosyal sorunlarla baş edebilmek için de yardıma ihtiyaç duymaktadır. Hastaların çoğu mevcut palyatif bakım hizmetlerinden habersiz
olup sorunlarını bildirmemektedir. Sorunlarını paylaşamayan hastaların psikososyal sorunları ele alınmadığından, psikososyal gereksinimleri büyük ölçüde karşılanamaz. Bu nedenle bu durum gereksiz acılara ve sorunların artmasına
neden olur. Bu yazıda palyatif bakımda psikososyal yaklaşımların yeri ve öneminin güncel literatür bilgileri ışığında ele alınması amaçlanmıştır. Sonuç: Bütüncül ve etkili palyatif bakım için iyi bir psikososyal bakım zorunludur.
Bu nedenle yaşamı sınırlayan hastalıkları olan hastaların tedavisinde psikososyal gereksinimler göz ardı edilmemeli, tüm boyutları ele alan hedefler belirlenmelidir.
Patient Safety in Palliative Care
Authors: Totur Dikmen Burcu , Yılmaz Ümran Dal
Published: July 2023

Giriş/Amaç: Palyatif bakım hastaları, hasta güvenliğini tehdit eden durum ve davranışlara karşı savunmasızdır. Bu hastalarda hasta güvenliğini tehdit eden bakımın boyutu ve nedenleri hakkında araştırmalar sınırlıdır. Bu çalışmanın
amacı, palyatif bakım hastalarında hasta güvenliğinin sağlanmasına yönelik olarak yapılan hemşirelik çalışmalarının incelenmesidir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu çalışmada, National Library of Medicine-National Institutes of Health, Science
Direct, Scopus, Google Scholar, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature veri tabanları ‘’palliative care’’, ‘’patient safety’’ ve ‘’nursing care’’ anahtar kelimeleri
kullanılarak taranmıştır. Bulgular: Literatür incelemesi sonrasında, palyatif bakım hastalarında, hemşireler ile yürütülen hasta güvenliğinin ele alındığı çalışmalarda, hasta güvenliği kültürü, ilaç güvenliği sorunları ve duygusal
olarak desteklenmiş hemşirelerin hasta güvenliğinin sağlanmasına etkisi ile ilgi çalışmaların literatürde yer aldığı belirlenmiştir. Sonuç: Sonuç olarak yapılan çalışmaların palyatif bakım hastalarında hasta güvenliğinin önemini
destekler nitelikte olduğu, hemşirelerde pozitif yönde algı ve tutum geliştirdiği ele alınmıştır. Konu ile ilgili olarak daha fazla sayıda çalışmanın özellikle randomize kontrollü çalışmaların yapılmasının gerekliği ortaya çıkarılmıştır.