bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Risks of Discretization: What Is Lost in (Even Good) Levels-of-Automation Schemes
Authors: Miller Christopher A.
Published: October 2017

In this reaction to David Kaber’s article in this volume, the author points to an inherent problem in applying any “levels” scheme to the continuous, multidimensional space of human–automation relationships and behaviors. Discretization inherently carves a continuous, analog space into discrete blocks that, the claim is, one can treat homogenously. The author provides a counterexample using a common automated e-mail filtering system as an example of how applying a single “level-of-automation” category to the whole system (or even to information-processing stages of components within it) misrepresents and suppresses details about what the system is actually doing and how it interacts with human users. Discretization can be highly productive if it pares away confusing detail that distracts from underlying explanatory relationships, but, the author argues, not enough is known about human–automation interaction in all its variability to effectively suppress detail. Thus one needs the better models Kaber is calling for before being able to create an effective levels-of-automation scheme, not vice versa.
Human–Automation Interaction in Self-Organizing Sociotechnical Systems
Authors: Naikar Neelam
Published: October 2017

Models of human–automation interaction concerned with “who should do what” or “who should be responsible for what” fail to appreciate how complex cognitive work is carried out in sociotechnical systems. Such systems, which have complex problem spaces with high levels of instability, uncertainty, and unpredictability, are necessarily self-organizing. In these systems, actors’ behaviors and structures are closely interconnected, or correlated, and vary continuously in ways that are fitted, or adapted, to the demands of a constantly evolving work environment. To preserve the capacity of sociotechnical systems for self-organization, and thus their capacity for dealing with the complexity of their work environments, the design of human–automation interaction must be concerned fundamentally with identifying the limits on “who can do what” and providing constrained flexibility in the workplace.
Informing Autonomous System Design Through the Lens of Skill-, Rule-, and Knowledge-Based Behaviors
Authors: Cummings Mary (Missy)
Published: October 2017

A framework is presented that relates skill-, rule-, and knowledge-based reasoning to expertise and uncertainty. This taxonomy is designed to help people from various technical backgrounds conceptualize functional allocation for autonomous systems that interact with human decision makers in order to better understand potential design implications.
Assessing effective methods to educate caregivers on fever in children aimed at reducing input to the paediatric emergency department
Authors: Ong Tessa E-Lin , Kua Jade Phek Hui , Yiew Luther Jinmian , Lim Zi Ying , Thia Michelle Xing Hui , Sung Sharon Cohan
Published: October 2017

Introduction:

Many paediatric emergency departments face a significant proportion of non-urgent attendances, leading to problems for both patients and healthcare systems. Our primary aim was to compare the effectiveness of pamphlet versus video in educating caregivers regarding fever management in children. Our secondary aim was to assess caregivers’ sentiments towards these methods.

Methods:

A randomized controlled trial was conducted with 50 participants over a four-week period (May–June 2015) in the KK Hospital Paediatric Emergency Department. The control group was exposed to the standard pamphlet available in the KK Hospital Paediatric Emergency Department, which provided basic information on fever management. The intervention group watched a video produced by our team, containing similar content. The same five-question questionnaire assessing fever management knowledge was issued to participants before and immediately following exposure to intervention.

Results:

The pamphlet group had a mean pre-intervention score=2.8 (out of five), post-intervention score=3.84, amounting to an improvement of 1.04. The video group had a mean pre-intervention score=2.56, post-intervention score=4.12, giving an improvement of 1.36. The study was powered at 80%, with calculated p-value=0.111, hence the results were statistically insignificant. Both groups had increased self-reported awareness post-exposure, found the intervention useful, would rely on it for future management and would recommend it to others.

Conclusion:

While the sample size was limited, this study demonstrates the potential that both pamphlet and video interventions have in educating caregivers, as participants reported favourable sentiments towards the methods. It would be worthwhile to conduct the study on a larger scale to yield statistically significant results.
Predictability of Return Volatility Across Different Emerging Capital Markets: Evidence from Asia
Authors: Vidanage Thushari N. , Carmignani Fabrizio , Singh Tarlok
Published: October 2017

The importance of return volatility forecasts in policy formation and investment decision-making in emerging countries is growing considerably. However, from an operational perspective, there is no consensus in the literature on which econometric model has the best forecasting performance. To shed new light on this issue, this article compares forecasting models for a selected group of emerging Asian economies: India, Malaysia, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Singapore and Thailand. Model’s performance is tested using both in-sample and out-of-sample forecasting methods. It is found that a relatively simple asymmetric EGARCH model clearly outperforms other models.

JEL Classification: G12, G17
Coping With Workplace Bullying Through NAVER: Effects of LMX Relational Concerns and Cultural Differences
Authors: Lee Jaesub , Lim Jingpei J. C. , Heath Robert L.
Published: October 2017

Workplace bullying inevitably has grave individual and organizational consequences, including lowered morale and productivity. Given such negative consequences, this study explored five coping strategies: neglect, acquiescence, voice, exit, and retribution (NAVER). This research examined the extent to which relational concerns such as leader-member exchanges (LMXs) and cultural variations (the United States and Singapore) affect use of the five coping strategies after controlling for actual exposure to workplace bullying, gender, and age. Findings indicated that the quality of LMX significantly influence the strategic use of acquiescence, exit, and retribution. No significant cultural variation in coping strategies was detected. LMX quality and actual experience of workplace bullying were the strongest determinants for the use of all coping strategies but exit.
Latin American Influences on Multiliteracies
Authors: Trigos-Carrillo Lina , Rogers Rebecca
Published: October 2017

Twenty years after the New London Group’s publication of A Pedagogy of Multiliteracies, we present an analytical literature review that traces the routes and roots of multiliteracies scholarship in Latin America. We found high research activity in Latin America in the areas of literacy education and critical literacy; indigenous, bilingual, and intercultural education; and technology and digital literacy. We argue that the inclusion of scholarship from the global South is essential to the goal of recognizing epistemological diversity. Further, different theories of knowledge need to coexist to transform diversity into cognitive justice. This article is an intercultural effort to widen the scope of literacy education inquiry in historically marginalized areas of the world.
The Relationship Between Reading Achievement and Attitudes Toward Print and Digital Texts in Adolescent Readers
Authors: Lupo Sarah , Jang Bong Gee , McKenna Michael
Published: October 2017

This study examined the relationship between adolescents’ reading attitudes and comprehension to better understand the interplay between affective and cognitive factors for students with varying reading abilities. A comprehension proficiency assessment and the Survey of Adolescent Reading Attitudes were administered to 202 ninth graders. Findings indicated moderate correlations between reading achievement and recreational print reading attitudes. Small correlations were found between both academic print and digital text attitudes and reading achievement. No correlations were found between recreational digital text attitudes and achievement, although students demonstrated the most positive attitudes toward recreational digital texts. Students who read on or above grade level demonstrated better attitudes toward recreational print, academic print, and academic digital texts than students who read below grade level. Implications for instruction and future research are discussed, including the need for further exploration of the association between reading achievement and incorporating pleasure reading into the English curriculum. Additionally, given the positive attitudes displayed by both on/above grade-level readers and below grade-level readers toward recreational digital texts, implications of the social nature of reading instruction are discussed.
AML-specific cytotoxic antibodies in patients with durable graft-versus-leukemia responses
Authors: Gillissen Marijn A. , Kedde Martijn , Jong Greta de , Moiset Gemma , Yasuda Etsuko , Levie Sophie E. , Bakker Arjen Q. , Claassen Yvonne B. , Wagner Koen , Böhne Martino , Hensbergen Paul J. , Speijer Dave , van Helden Pauline M. , Beaumont Tim , Spits Hergen , Hazenberg Mette D.
Published: October 2017

Publisher's Note: There is a Blood Commentary on this article in this issue.
Effect of erdosteine on the rate and duration of COPD exacerbations: the RESTORE study
Authors: Dal Negro Roberto W. , Wedzicha Jadwiga A. , Iversen Martin , Fontana Giovanni , Page Clive , Cicero Arrigo F. , Pozzi Edoardo , Calverley Peter M.A.
Published: October 2017

Oxidative stress contributes to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbations and antioxidants can decrease exacerbation rates, although we lack data about the effect of such drugs on exacerbation duration.

The RESTORE (Reducing Exacerbations and Symptoms by Treatment with ORal Erdosteine in COPD) study was a prospective randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, enrolling patients aged 40–80 years with Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease stage II/III. Patients received erdosteine 300 mg twice daily or placebo added to usual COPD therapy for 12 months. The primary outcome was the number of acute exacerbations during the study.

In the pre-specified intention-to-treat population of 445 patients (74% male; mean age 64.8 years, forced expiratory volume in 1 s 51.8% predicted) erdosteine reduced the exacerbation rate by 19.4% (0.91versus. 1.13 exacerbations·patient−1·year−1for erdosteine and placebo, respectively; p=0.01), due to an effect on mild events; the reduction in the rate of mild exacerbations was 57.1% (0.23versus0.54 exacerbations·patient−1·year−1for erdosteine and placebo, respectively; p=0.002). No significant difference was observed in the rate of moderate and severe exacerbations (0.68versus0.59 exacerbations·patient−1·year−1for erdosteine and placebo, respectively; p=0.054) despite a trend in favour of the comparison group. Erdosteine decreased the exacerbation duration irrespective of event severity by 24.6% (9.55versus12.63 days for erdosteine and placebo, respectively; p=0.023). Erdosteine significantly improved subject and physician subjective severity scores (p=0.022 and p=0.048, respectively), and reduced the use of reliever medication (p<0.001), but did not affect the St George's Respiratory Questionnaire score or the time to first exacerbation.

In patients with COPD, erdosteine can reduce both the rate and duration of exacerbations. The percentage of patients with adverse events was similar in both the placebo and erdosteine treatment groups.
Characterisation of asthma subgroups associated with circulating YKL-40 levels
Authors: Gomez Jose L. , Yan Xiting , Holm Carole T. , Grant Nicole , Liu Qing , Cohn Lauren , Nezgovorova Vera , Meyers Deborah A. , Bleecker Eugene R. , Crisafi Gina M. , Jarjour Nizar N. , Rogers Linda , Reibman Joan , Chupp Geoffrey L.
Published: October 2017

The chitinase-like protein YKL-40 mediates airway inflammation and serum levels are associated with asthma severity. However, asthma phenotypes associated with YKL-40 levels have not been precisely defined.

We conducted an unsupervised cluster analysis of asthma patients treated at the Yale Center for Asthma and Airways Disease (n=156) to identify subgroups according to YKL-40 level. The resulting YKL-40 clusters were cross-validated in cohorts from the Severe Asthma Research Programme (n=167) and the New York University/Bellevue Asthma Repository (n=341). A sputum transcriptome analysis revealed molecular pathways associated with YKL-40 subgroups.

Four YKL-40 clusters (C1–C4) were identified. C3 and C4 had high serum YKL-40 levels compared with C1 and C2. C3 was associated with earlier onset and longer duration of disease, severe airflow obstruction, and near-fatal asthma exacerbations. C4 had the highest serum YKL-40 levels, adult onset and less airflow obstruction, but frequent exacerbations. An airway transcriptome analysis in C3 and C4 showed activation of non-type 2 inflammatory pathways.

Elevated serum YKL-40 levels were associated with two distinct clinical asthma phenotypes: one with irreversible airway obstruction and another with severe exacerbations. The YKL-40 clusters are potentially useful for identification of individuals with severe or exacerbation-prone asthma.
Th17 cytokines: novel potential therapeutic targets for COPD pathogenesis and exacerbations
Authors: Le Rouzic Olivier , Pichavant Muriel , Frealle Emilie , Guillon Antoine , Si-Tahar Mustapha , Gosset Philippe
Published: October 2017

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways caused mainly by cigarette smoke exposure. COPD progression is marked by exacerbations of the disease, often associated with infections. Recent data show the involvement in COPD pathophysiology of interleukin (IL)-17 and IL-22, two cytokines that are important in the control of lung inflammation and infection. During the initiation and progression of the disease, increased IL-17 secretion causes neutrophil recruitment, leading to chronic inflammation, airways obstruction and emphysema. In the established phase of COPD, a defective IL-22 response facilitates pathogen-associated infections and disease exacerbations. Altered production of these cytokines involves a complex network of immune cells and dysfunction of antigen-presenting cells. In this review, we describe current knowledge on the involvement of IL-17 and IL-22 in COPD pathophysiology at steady state and during exacerbations, and discuss implications for COPD management and future therapeutic approaches.
Coordinating Movements: The Politics of Cuban-Mexican Dance Exchanges, 1959–1983
Authors: Schwall Elizabeth
Published: October 2017

This article analyzes the politics of dance collaborations between Cubans and Mexicans from 1959 to 1983. During this period, Mexican modern dancers worked in Cuba, and Cuban ballet dancers in Mexico. Over years of close, visceral encounters, Mexican and Cuban dancers built cultural institutions and international relationships filled with emotional ups and downs. Focusing on the sentiments that guided dancing revolutionaries, this article examines the everyday process of international relations as creative diplomats from Cuba and Mexico coordinated movements in classes, rehearsals, and performances. This article contends that in contrast to the friendly but distant bilateral relations forged by elite politicians in a tense Cold War context, dancers made the Cuban-Mexican relationship an intimate, creative partnership among revolutionary citizens. This demonstrates how the personal and interpersonal, in dialogue with geopolitics and ideology, shaped the cultural Cold War in Latin America and how it changed over time.
Sexual Connections
Authors: Capó Julio
Published: October 2017

Miami is a relatively “new” urban space that has historically been shaped by the Caribbean. By the 1920s, the tentacles of US imperialism ensured that racialized sex tourism in Cuba and the Bahamas—particularly the former—became central to Miami's own success. This essay reveals how Miami's entrenched relationship to the Caribbean provides a necessary transnational view of Prohibition-era culture and politics and the uneasy urban battles that ensued upon the amendment's repeal—two key phenomena in the development of queer cultures and networks. Several transnational tensions nudged Miami toward becoming “wide open,” a status that allowed queers to carve out distinct spaces in the city, particularly during peak tourist season. Much like Miami's “exotic” connections to the Caribbean, queers made the tourist economy work, staffing the service industry and functioning as physical representations of the fantasy and transgression urban boosters marketed, keenly designed as alternatives or supplements to what the Caribbean offered.
Performance over Policy
Authors: Phillips Katrina
Published: October 2017

In the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, federal Indian policy in the United States sought to assimilate American Indians into Euro-American society. Markers of indigenous culture, namely, songs, dances, and ceremonies, were largely targeted by assimilationists because they were considered the strongest barriers to citizenship. In spite of these restrictions, towns across the nation were simultaneously incorporating Indian performances and imagery into local and regional tourist endeavors, putting themselves at odds with Indian policy edicts. This article highlights the struggles between federal policies and Wisconsin state tourism initiatives that pitted town business owners and boosters, who often turned to tourism in hopes of increasing their visibility and advancing their economies, against government agents who considered these cultural components to be the clearest symbols of indigenous savagery. Indians became integral components of numerous ventures in Wisconsin's tourism industry even as government officials worked to eradicate indigenous culture and assimilate Indians.
Wars of Memory at Pu‘uloa / Pearl Harbor
Authors: Gonzalez Vernadette Vicuña
Published: October 2017

This essay reflects on the work that Detours, a decolonial educational tours project, carries out in the militarized zone of Pu‘uloa / Pearl Harbor on the island of O‘ahu. The essay contrasts the itinerary and narratives that Detours offers with the experience that most tourists are invited to have at the USS Arizona Memorial / Pearl Harbor complex. Foregrounding instead Native Hawaiian history and claims to the space, the experience and purpose of Detours collides with the unabashed patriotism that structures the memorial's investment in World War II commemoration.
The addition of a developmental factor, unc-62, to already long-lived worms increases lifespan and healthspan
Authors: Sagi Dror
Published: October 2017

Aging is a complex trait that is affected by multiple genetic pathways. A relatively unexplored approach is to manipulate multiple independent aging pathways simultaneously in order to observe their cumulative effect on lifespan. Here, we report the phenotypic characterization of a strain with changes in five aging pathways: 1) mitochondrial ROS production, 2) innate immunity, 3) stress response, 4) metabolic control and 5) developmental regulation in old age. The quintuply-modified strain has a lifespan that is 160% longer than the transgenic control strain. Additionally, the quintuply-modified strain maintains several physiological markers of aging for a longer time than the transgenic control. Our results support a modular approach as a general scheme to study how multiple pathways interact to achieve extreme longevity.
Ideology as Opinion: A Spatial Model of Common-Value Elections
Authors: McMurray Joseph
Published: October 2017

Spatial election literature attributes voters’ political differences to irreconcilable conflicts of interest. Alternatively, voters may merely hold differing beliefs regarding which policies best promote the public interest, as in the classic common-value model of Condorcet (1785). This paper shows how a spatial version of the common-value model explains empirical patterns of public opinion, ideology, electoral margins, and participation that are puzzling from the standard perspective, suggesting that voters may implicitly view politics as a contest between truth and error. If so, this has important consequences for political analysis. (JEL D71, D72, D83)
The Coevolution of Segregation, Polarized Beliefs, and Discrimination: The Case of Private versus State Education
Authors: Levy Gilat , Razin Ronny
Published: October 2017

In this paper we analyze the coevolution of segregation into private and state schools, beliefs about the educational merits of different schools, and labor market discrimination. In a dynamic model, we characterize a necessary and sufficient condition on initial levels of segregation and beliefs under which full polarization of beliefs and long-run labor market discrimination are sustainable. The model suggests a new perspective on the long-term effects of different policy interventions, such as integration, school vouchers and policies that are directly targeted toward influencing beliefs. (JEL D83, H75, I21, I24, I28, J71)
PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATION OF THE LAND SUBSIDENCE PHENOMENA OCCURRING AT THE INDUSTRIAL-COMMERSIAL AREA OF ELEONAS, ATHENS, GREECE
Authors: Kaitantzian A. , Loupasakis C.
Published: October 2017

Οι εδαφικές υποχωρήσεις είναι ένα συνηθισμένο φαινόμενο που συμβαίνει σε αρκετέςπεριοχές σε όλο τον κόσμο. Η παρούσα εργασία εστιάζεται στη βιομηχανική – εμπορικήζώνη του Ελαιώνα , στην Αθήνα, όπου ανιχνεύτηκαν κατακόρυφες παραμορφώσεις απότην αξιολόγηση δεδομένων συμβολομετρίας σταθερών σκεδαστών. Ο ρυθμός εξέλιξηςτων κατακόρυφων παραμορφώσεων στη περιοχή μελέτης κυμαίνεται από -1.5 έως -10mm/yr για τη περίοδο μεταξύ Μαΐου 1992 έως Δεκεμβρίου 2000. Η αξιολόγηση τωνγεωλογικών, γεωτεχνικών και υδρογεωλογικών συνθηκών της περιοχής σε συνδυασμόμε τα δεδομένα συμβολομετρίας σταθερών σκεδαστών παρέχουν σημαντικέςπληροφορίες για την ερμηνεία του φαινομένου των εδαφικών υποχωρήσεων. Επίσης, ηγνώση της κατανομής των χρήσεων γης και των δραστηριοτήτων στην περιοχήσυμβάλλει στην ανίχνευση των αιτιολογικών παραγόντων του φαινομένου.
Using the SWAT model in analyzing hard rock hydrogeological environments. Application in Naxos Island, Greece.
Authors: Partsinevelou Aikaterini-Sofia
Published: October 2017

The main parameter that controls the groundwater flow regime in fractured aquifers is the fracture pattern. Its description is crucial for a hydrogeological study, as the hydraulic properties of hard rocks are mainly controlled by fracturing. The parameters of the fracture pattern that were analyzed in the study area were the frequency and spatial location of the fractures, the density of fractures and the degree of fracture intersection.Furthermore, a straight link between the fracture pattern and the hydrological conditions is important for a first analysis of the potential groundwater zones and their vulnerability in hard rock environments. To study this link, the SWAT hydrology model was applied in the study area. Using suitable territorial and meteorological data, the model simulates the parameters of the hydrological balance in each catchment of the hydrographical network.The analysis of the fracture pattern revealed that the fragmentation in all lithologies is characterized by high degree of uniformity. Very high density and interconnection density of the fractures are observed in areas where the alternations between different lithologies are very intense. Also the application of the SWAT model showed that the calculated hydrological parameters could be related to the fracture pattern, as high infiltration rates occur in areas where the density and the degree of interconnection of the fractures are also high.
KARSTIC AQUIFER OF ORFANA-IPERIA OF WEST THESSALY. THE RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS OF THE HYDRODYNAMIC AND HYDROCHEMICAL STATUS BEFORE THE APPLICATION OF ARTIFICIAL GROUND WATER RECHARGE
Authors: Papagiannis N. , Koumantakis I. , Vasileiou E.
Published: October 2017

Αντικείμενο της εργασίας είναι η διερεύνηση του υδροδυναμικού και υδροχημικού καθεστώτος του καρστικού υδροφορέα Ορφανών-Υπέρειας Δυτικής Θεσσαλίας πριν την εφαρμογή τεχνητού εμπλουτισμού. Ο εμπλουτισμός θα γίνεται μέσω εκτροπής μέρους της χειμερινής παροχής του Ενιπέα ποταμού και τα προκείμενα τεχνικά έργα είναι υπό κατασκευή. Οι γεωλογικές και υδρογεωλογικές συνθήκες της περιοχής διερευνήθηκαν και περιγράφονται, ενώ σχεδιάστηκε ο γεωλογικός και υδρογεωλογικός χάρτης όπως και ο αντίστοιχος του υδρογραφικού δικτύου με τη χρήση GIS. Ακόμη, παρουσιάζεται η υδρολογική ανάλυση της λεκάνης του ποταμού Ενιπέα για την οποία χρησιμοποιήθηκε το υδρολογικό πρόγραμμα "Υδρογνώμων". Πιεζομετρικοί χάρτες σχεδιάστηκαν με τη χρήση GIS και του λογισμικού "Surfer". Οι σταθμημετρήσεις παραχωρήθηκαν από το ΙΓΜΕ και τους ΤΟΕΒ της περιοχής. Επιπλέον, πραγματοποιήθηκε δειγματοληψία νερού στην περιοχή και μετά από ανάλυση, κατασκευάστηκαν οι καμπύλες φυσικών χαρακτηριστικών και χημικών συστατικών του υπόγειου νερού της περιοχής, καθώς και υδροχημικά διαγράμματα με τη χρήση του λογισμικού “Aquachem”. Τέλος, περιγράφεται η μέθοδος του τεχνητού εμπλουτισμού που θα εφαρμοστεί. Η ανάλυση του υδροδυναμικού και υδροχημικού καθεστώτος του καρστικού υδροφορέα πριν την εφαρμογή τεχνητού εμπλουτισμού είναι πολύ σημαντική για την μελλοντική ποιοτική και ποσοτική σύγκριση των υπόγειων νερών σήμερα, με τα υπόγεια νερά της περιοχής μετά τον εμπλουτισμό και την εξαγωγή συμπερασμάτων
Το χειρόγραφο Θεοτοκάριο του Ιδρύματος Παπανικολάου στην Κομοτηνή
Authors: ΣΤΡΑΤΗΓΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ Δημοσθένης
Published: October 2017

Σχετικά με ένα χειρόγραφο Θεοτοκάριο του Ιδρύματος Παπανικολάου στην Κομοτηνή
Έρευνα για τους φοιτητές Φιλοσοφίας στα ελληνικά ΑΕΙ: Ταυτοτικά στοιχεία των φοιτητών Φιλοσοφίας στα ελληνικά ΑΕΙ και βαθμός εξοικείωσής τους με το φιλοσοφικό επιχείρημα
Authors: Ηλιάδη Σιμόνη , Θεολόγου Κώστας , Στέλιος Σπυρίδων
Published: October 2017

Δε διατίθεται περίληψη / no abstract available
Για το βιβλίο: Gros, Frederic (2016). H αρχή της ασφάλειας (μετάφραση: Αλέξανδρος Κιουπκιολής). Αθήνα: Πόλις, 302 σελ.
Authors: Κανδύλης Γιώργος
Published: October 2017

Δε διατίθεται περίληψη / no abstract available
Μια ποιοτική καταγραφή της ευημερίας παιδιών και νέων στην Ελλάδα σε περίοδο κρίσης
Authors: Κορωναίου Αλεξάνδρα , Αλεξιάς Γεώργιος , Χιωτάκη-Πούλου Ειρήνη , Βάγιας Γεώργιος Χ.
Published: October 2017

Το άρθρο παρουσιάζει τα ευρήματα έρευνας για την ευημερία και την ποιότητα ζωής των παιδιών και των νέων στην Ελλάδα, στο πλαίσιο του ευρωπαϊκού ερευνητικού προγράμματος MYWEB (Measuring Youth Well-Being). Η ποιοτική προσέγγιση της έρευνας αποσκοπεί μέσω των κατάλληλων ερευνητικών μεθόδων (συνεντεύξεις και ομάδες εστίασης) να αναδείξει τους τρόπους με τους οποίους τα παιδιά και οι νέοι κατανοούν αυτές τις έννοιες, καθώς και τους παράγοντες που θεωρούν σημαντικούς για την ευημερία και το μέλλον τους σε περίοδο κρίσης. Προκύπτει ότι η ευημερία είναι συνδυασμός ψυχολογικών και κοινωνικών συνθηκών και αναδεικνύεται η ανάγκη να ακουστούν τα παιδιά και οι νέοι, ιδιαίτερα από όσους ασκούν πολιτική, προκειμένου να βρεθεί διέξοδος στην κρίση και στις ολοένα εντονότερες κοινωνικές ανισότητες
Η μεταμεταφυσική σκέψη απέναντι στην πρόκληση της θρησκείας: πρακτικός λόγος, αλληλεγγύη και ο διάλογος της φιλοσοφίας με τη θρησκεία ως καθήκον πολιτικό
Authors: Καλτσάς Σπύρος
Published: October 2017

Το κείμενο επιδιώκει μια κριτική προσέγγιση της πρόσφατης στροφής της επικοινωνιακής θεωρίας του Habermas στη θρησκεία στο πλαίσιο της μετακοσμικής κοινωνίας. Σύμφωνα με τη μετακοσμική κατανόηση της κοινωνίας, η θρησκεία διατηρεί αναλλοίωτη την επιρροή της στη δημόσια σφαίρα. Με αφετηρία αυτήν την προβληματική, σκοπεύω να δείξω ότι ο διάλογος της μεταμεταφυσικής σκέψης με τη θρησκεία αποτελεί ένα καθήκον πολιτικό και αποσκοπεί στη διεύρυνση της κανονιστικής εμβέλειας του πρακτικού Λόγου απέναντι στην αποσάθρωση των δεσμών αλληλεγγύης από τις ανεξέλεγκτες συνέπειες της διαδικασίας εκσυγχρονισμού. Παράλληλα, θα αναπτύξω μια κριτική αποτίμηση του διαλόγου της μεταμεταφυσικής σκέψης με τη θρησκεία προκειμένου να αναδείξω τις εγγενείς αδυναμίες της θεωρητικής στρατηγικής του Habermas σε σχέση με την προβληματική της παρακινητικής ισχύος του πρακτικού Λόγου και το ζήτημα της μετάβασης από τη θεωρία στην πράξη.
Κοινότητα και κοινωνία
Authors: Σορώκος Στάθης Π.
Published: October 2017

Δεν διατίθεται περίληψη.
Η διείσδυση της σύγχρονης τεχνολογίας στο ελληνικό σπίτι και η στάση των Ελληνίδων μητέρων απέναντι στη σύγχρονη τεχνολογική εξέλιξη και την πυρηνική ενέργεια
Authors: Μυριζάκης Γιάννης
Published: October 2017

Δεν διατίθεται περίληψη.
Διερεύνηση των αντιλήψεων των παιδιών σχετικά με πρακτικές αφηγηματικής δραστηριότητας στο σπίτι: Μια δημογραφική έρευνα για την αφήγηση παραμυθιών στο νομό Φλώρινας
Authors: Mastrothanasis Konstantinos , Papakosta Alexia
Published: October 2017

Η αφηγηματική δραστηριότητα αποτελεί μια καθιερωμένη πρακτική αλληλεπίδρασης ανάμεσα στους ενηλίκους και τα παιδιά. Ως φαινόμενο, συνδέεται άμεσα με την ανάγκη αναπαραγωγής της πολιτισμικής κληρονομιάς και συμβάλλει στην καλλιέργεια κοινωνικής κουλτούρας. Συνήθως αναπτύσσεται στα στενά πλαίσια της οικογένειας, λόγω των ισχυρών συναισθηματικών δεσμών που διαμορφώνονται μέσα σε αυτή και συγχρόνως, αποκτά παιδευτική αξία και εκπαιδευτικά χαρακτηριστικά. Σκοπός  της  παρούσας  εργασίας  είναι  η  διερεύνηση  των  αντιλήψεων και των απόψεων των παιδιών σχετικά με τις πρακτικές αφηγηματικής δραστηριότητας στο σπίτι, όπως επίσης και η ανίχνευση των παραγόντων που επιδρούν ή συσχετίζονται με αυτή. Η έρευνα, που έχει δημογραφικό χαρακτήρα, βασίστηκε στο σύνολο των μαθητών που φοιτούσε τη σχολική χρονιά 2005-2006 στα δημοτικά σχολεία του νομού Φλώρινας.Σύμφωνα με τα αποτελέσματα, σχεδόν το σύνολο των παιδιών αρέσκονται στην αφήγηση παραμυθιών από ενηλίκους στο σπίτι. Βέβαια, παρότι μέλη της οικογένειας αφηγούνταν με μεγαλύτερη συχνότητα παραμύθια στα παιδιά τους σε μικρότερη ηλικία, μόνο στα μισά περίπου από αυτά συνεχίζουν την αφηγηματική δραστηριότητα, ενώ εμφανίζονται διαφυλικές, ηλικιακές και άλλες διαφορές. Οι λόγοι απουσίας της αφηγηματικής δραστηριότητας σχετίζονται με νοησιαρχικές αντιλήψεις που έχουν εγκαθιδρυθεί από το άμεσο περιβάλλον του παιδιού στο ίδιο το παιδί, ενώ τέλος τον αφηγηματικό ρόλο μέσα στα πλαίσια της οικογένειας ασκούν κατά κύριο λόγο τα θήλεα μέλη της. Από τις αναφορές των παιδιών φαίνεται ότι οι αφηγήσεις εστιάζονται στην κλασική λογοτεχνία.
Σεξουαλική αγωγή ανά τον κόσμο, με έμφαση στις ευρωπαϊκές χώρες, για παιδιά προσχολικής και σχολικής ηλικίας: μία συστηματική ανασκόπηση
Authors: Μπρουσκέλη (Vassiliki Brouskeli) Βασιλική
Published: October 2017

Η σεξουαλικότητα αποτελεί βασική πτυχή της ανθρώπινης ύπαρξης και η σεξουαλική αγωγή είναι ανθρώπινο δικαίωμα που οι περισσότερες χώρες του κόσμου έχουν αναγνωρίσει. Στόχος της παρούσας μελέτης είναι να διερευνήσει τα υπάρχοντα προγράμματα σεξουαλικής αγωγής ανά τον κόσμο με έμφαση στις ευρωπαϊκές χώρες. Όσον αφορά τη μεθοδολογία, η μελέτη πραγματοποιήθηκε μέσω ηλεκτρονικής αναζήτησης σε βάσεις δεδομένων των σύγχρονων προγραμμάτων σεξουαλικής αγωγής ανά τον κόσμο. Οι μελέτες που συμπεριλήφθηκαν στην ανασκόπηση όφειλαν, μεταξύ άλλων, να παρέχουν επαρκή δεδομένα προς παρουσίαση για δύο σημαντικούς παράγοντες, αυτούς της ηλικίας των παιδιών στα οποία παρέχεται  η αγωγή και του περιεχομένου αυτής. Όσον αφορά την Ευρώπη, παρουσιάζονται τα προγράμματα στην Ελλάδα, την Κύπρο, την Ολλανδία, την Αγγλία, τη Γερμανία, την Ιταλία και την Φινλανδία. Όσον αφορά τον υπόλοιπο κόσμο, αναλύονται τα προγράμματα στις Ηνωμένες Πολιτείες της Αμερικής, στην περιοχή της Ασίας-Ειρηνικού, στην Αφρική, τη Λατινική Αμερική και την Αυστραλία. Σύμφωνα με τα αποτελέσματα της μελέτης, οι χώρες που εφαρμόζουν πολύπλευρα προγράμματα αγωγής, σταθερά στον χρόνο, με σύγχρονη μεθοδολογία και περιλαμβάνουν επίκαιρα ζητήματα προς ανάλυση επιδεικνύουν καλύτερα αποτελέσματα της προσπάθειάς τους να εκπαιδεύσουν τους νέους. Επιπλέον, η σεξουαλική αγωγή η οποία έχει στο επίκεντρό της την προσωπική ανάπτυξη και έχει ως αρχή την αντιμετώπιση της σεξουαλικότητας κατά την εφηβεία ως ευκαιρία για προσωπική εξέλιξη και όχι ως απειλή, είναι αποτελεσματικότερη. Τέλος, κρίνεται σκόπιμο τα μελλοντικά σχετικά προγράμματα να αξιολογούνται σε τακτά χρονικά διαστήματα, να λαμβάνουν υπόψη το αναπτυξιακό στάδιο των παιδιών και το εκάστοτε πολιτιστικό και κοινωνικό τους περιβάλλον.
Οι ΤΠΕ μπορούν να αναβαθμίσουν τις Δημόσιες Σχέσεις των ΑΕΙ;
Authors: Γκέκα Πηνελόπη , Παγγέ Πολυξένη
Published: October 2017

Το πανεπιστήμιο έχει τρεις βασικούς άξονες προτεραιότητας, την έρευνα, τη διδασκαλία και την κοινωνική προσφορά. Η εικόνα που εκπέμπει το πανεπιστήμιο στην κοινωνία, και ειδικότερα στην τοπική, είναι πολύ σημαντική για την υγιή ανάπτυξη και λειτουργία του. Η διαμόρφωση της εικόνας αυτής, βασίζεται στην ανάδειξη σημαντικών συγκριτικών πλεονεκτημάτων και ποιοτικών χαρακτηριστικών, και είναι έργο που επιτελείται από την υπηρεσία των “Δημοσίων Σχέσεων”. Με την ραγδαία εξέλιξη των ΤΠΕ και την ανάπτυξη νέων ψηφιακών μέσων προβολής, επικοινωνίας και αλληλεπίδρασης, ο τρόπος λειτουργίας των “Δημοσίων Σχέσεων” αλλάζει ριζικά, και το βεληνεκές επιρροής τους επεκτείνεται, μέσω του διαδικτύου. Η αναβάθμιση λοιπόν των “Δημοσίων Σχέσεων” του πανεπιστημίου με την ενσωμάτωση των ΤΠΕ, αποτελεί μια σημαντική πρόκληση στις μέρες μας και όπως προκύπτει από την παρούσα έρευνα, μπορεί να αποτελέσει σημαντικό μοχλό ανάπτυξης του ιδρύματος.
Αύξηση της προσδόκιμης διάρκειας ζωής : Πηγή προβλημάτων ή βιολογικό προνόμιο
Authors: Αντωνιάδου Ελένη , Ζυγούρης Στέλιος
Published: October 2017

Η παρούσα μελέτη ασχολείται με το ερώτημα κατά πόσο η τάση επέκτασης της διάρκειας της φυσιολογικής προσδόκιμης ζωής είναι πηγή προβλημάτων, ειδικότερα προβλημάτων υγείας των ηλικιωμένων ατόμων ή αντίθετα πρόκειται για βιολογικό προνόμιο. Αυτή η τάση εμφανίστηκε ήδη στις αρχές του προηγούμενου αιώνα, και συνεχίζεται μέχρι σήμερα. Φαίνεται πως θα συνεχιστεί τουλάχιστον για μερικές ακόμη δεκαετίες, μολονότι σε πιο αργό ρυθμό, οδηγώντας σε προσδόκιμο ζωής της τάξης των 115-120 ετών.Σχολιάζονται επίσης θέματα που σχετίζονται με την ενεργή συμμετοχή και προσφορά των ηλικιωμένων στην κοινωνία. Παρατίθεται μια σύντομη περιγραφή πλευρών της λειτουργίας της γήρανσης, η οποία ξεκινάει με την έναρξη της ζωής και συνεχίζεται ως το τέλος της, εμπλέκοντας τη λειτουργία βιολογικών, ψυχολογικών και κοινωνικών μηχανισμών. Η εμπλοκή αυτών των μηχανισμών δεν είναι ίδια σε όλα τα άτομα, δημιουργώντας έτσι ατομικές διαφορές, οι οποίες διευρύνονται σε πιο προχωρημένες ηλικίες. Το θέμα των ατομικών διαφορών συζητιέται χωριστά, διότι θεωρείται κεντρικής σημασίας, σε κάθε συζήτηση σχετική με τη γήρανση, καθιστώντας την έννοια της χρονολογικής ηλικίας περιορισμένης χρησιμότητας στην ψυχολογική και ιατρική έρευνα. Τα υπάρχοντα γενικά δεδομένα για την υγεία των ηλικιωμένων ατόμων δείχνουν ότι τα προχωρημένης ηλικίας άτομα, απολαμβάνουν σχετικά καλής υγείας και με την έννοια της υγείας στην ευρύτερή της έννοια, η οποία συζητιέται σε αυτό το γραπτό. Για τα άτομα αυτά δεν υπάρχει αμφιβολία ότι η επέκταση του προσδόκιμου ζωής είναι βιολογικό προνόμιο.Η σύντομη συζήτηση, στο τέλος της εργασίας υποστηρίζει ότι ο ηλικισμός βασίζεται πιθανότατα στο παλιό βιολογικό μοντέλο και στην αμφιβόλου αξίας συλλογή δεδομένων, παρά σε δημογραφικές μαρτυρίες. Γενικά η άποψη που υποστηρίζεται στην μελέτη αυτή είναι ότι η επέκταση της διάρκειας της προσδόκιμης ζωής πρέπει να θεωρηθεί βιολογικό προνόμιο παρά ασήκωτο φορτίο.
V. Gerovasileiou et al.: New Mediterranean Biodiversity Records (July, 2017)
Authors: ARTICLE A COLLECTIVE
Published: October 2017

This Collective Article presents information on 37 taxa belonging to 6 Phyla and extending from the western Mediterranean to the Levantine Sea. The new records were found in 10 countries as follows: Algeria: first reports on the presence of the fish species Lesueurigobius sanzi, L. friesii, L. suerii and Luvarus imperiali; France: first record of the alien nudibranch Godiva quadricolor; Italy: first record of an adult-sized red emperor snapper Lutjanus sebae from the southern Tyrrhenian Sea; first record of the pantropical rhodophyte Chondria curvilineata and the Lessepsian fish Siganus luridus from southern Sicily; record of a large pregnant female Dusky shark Carcharhinus obscurus off Sicily; Albania: first record of the fish Ruvettus pretiosus, new records of the alien molluscs Conomurex persicus, Bursatella leachii, Dendostrea cf. folium, Fulvia fragilis and Ruditapes philippinarum and additional report of the alien bivalve Pinctada imbricata radiata; Montenegro: first record of the sea slug Thecacera pennigera in the Adriatic Sea; Greece: first record of the invasive calcarean sponge Paraleucilla magna in Greek waters; occupancy estimation of the established cryptogenic rhodophyte Ganonema farinosum, the alien crustacean Percnon gibbesi and the alien fish species Fistularia commersonii, Siganus luridus, and S. rivulatus along the Cretan coastline; first record of the alien mollusc Sticteulima lentiginosa in Greek waters suggesting a westward unintentional expansion of this species; Turkey: photographic evidence of interactions of the monk seal Monachus monachus with sea-cage farms in the Turkish Aegean Sea and first record of the yellow boxfish Ostracion cubicus in the Turkish Mediterranean; Cyprus: first records of the rare speleophilic fish Thorogobius ephippiatus and Grammonus ater in Cyprus, extending the known distribution of the latter Mediterranean endemic species eastwards; first records of the alien fish Kyphosus vaigiensis and the alien crustacean species Macrophthalmus indicus and Carupa tenuipes as well as additional records of the alien echinoderm Diadema setosum and the alien ascidian Symplegma brakenhielmi in the country; Lebanon: first report on the presence of the four alien fish species Cephalopholis taeniops, Equulites popei, Pseudupeneus prayensis and Sphoeroides pachygaster; Egypt: first record of the Lessepsian fish Synchiropus sechellensis in the Egyptian Mediterranean waters.
Reproductive investment of the pen shell Pinna nobilis Linnaeus, 1758 in Cabrera National Park (Spain)
Authors: DEUDERO S. , GRAU A. , VÁZQUEZ-LUIS M. , ÁLVAREZ E. , ALOMAR C. , HENDRIKS I. E.
Published: October 2017

The spawning period can be a period of particular vulnerability for a species. In hermaphroditic species like the long-lived pen shell Pinna nobilis different costs could be associated with female, male or hermaphrodite stages. Here we evaluate gonad development in a population with few anthropogenic pressures and describe the timing and succession of developmental stages, determine the ratio of the sexes and the condition of the animals. We assess resource mobilisation and associated costs through the relationship between stable isotopes and condition indexes with reproductive parameters and evaluate the role of the adductor muscle as storage organ used in gonad maturation. In our study area only one spawning season is observed, starting in May and peaking in June-July. The onset of spawning coincides with water temperatures of 20 °C. Condition indexes drop during the spawning period and recover afterwards to reach pre-spawning values in November. Stable isotope signals are negatively related to the gonadal condition index, while the CN ratio shows a positive correlation with the same index. Additionally, the muscle condition index sharply decreases after the start of the spawning season, which suggests that P. nobilis uses the reserves stored in the adductor muscle for reproduction as in other Pinnidae species. Reproductive indices and stable isotopes ratios indicate ‘capital breeding’ as reproductive strategy of the pen shell. Decreased muscle force could mean a higher vulnerability during the summer period, coinciding with the peak in recreational activities involving poaching and anchoring.
Web literacy practices of teacher education students and in-service teachers in Greece : a descriptive study
Authors: Bougatzeli Evangelia , Douka Maria , Bekos Nikolaos , Papadimitriou Efi
Published: October 2017

: In the expanding context of new literacies and multiliteracies, the abilities to know how to locate, to evaluate and to exploit Web information resources in order to construct knowledge, are acknowledged as extremely important worldwide. Current literacy curricula should encourage the development of such abilities, and  their successful implementation requires teachers themselves to be properly prepared. The present study reports the web searching and evaluating practices for educational purposes employed by both pre-service and in-service teachers. Data was collected via an anonymous online questionnaire. The comparative study  exhibis teachers' web practices with the purpose of identifying aspects of web literacy that require attention when designing and implementing relevant educational initiatives. According to the research findings, both pre-service and in-service teachers are based almost exclusively on popular search engines to locate web information resources, and they choose such resources without examining their wider context. In order to evaluate web information resources, they consider mainly morphological and design elements, rather than content features such as their origin and credibility. The findings raise the potential of applying critical literacy principles on the Web so that teachers can approach it critiquely.[1] when using its resources in educational settings. [1] learn to think “critiquely” (a word coined by James Paul Gee), that is, not merely consume information but also “understand and critique systems of power and injustice in a world that [people] will see as simply economically inevitable" (Gee, 2000: 62).
Wolfgang Streeck (2016), Κερδίζοντας Χρόνο. Η Καθυστερημένη Κρίση του Δημοκρατικού Καπιταλισμού, Αθήνα: Τόπος
Authors: Τζαρέλλας Διονύσης
Published: October 2017

βιβλιοπαρουσίαση
Nouveaux témoignages du culte de Cubèle phrygienne en Sicile
Authors: Pedrucci Giulia
Published: October 2017

The aim of the present article is to present some new evidence of the possibility of a cult dedicated to Cybele in Sicily, which could suggest the existence of contacts between the Near East and Sicily before the Greek colonization.
Patient predictors of poor drug sensitive tuberculosis treatment outcomes in Kyiv Oblast, Ukraine
Authors: Aibana Omowunmi , Slavuckij Andrej , Bachmaha Mariya , Krasiuk Viatcheslav , Rybak Natasha , Flanigan Timothy P. , Petrenko Vasyl , Murray Megan B.
Published: October 2017

Background: Ukraine has high rates of poor treatment outcomes among drug sensitive tuberculosis (DSTB) patients, while global treatment success rates for DSTB remain high.    

We evaluated baseline patient factors as predictors of poor DSTB treatment outcomes.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of new drug sensitive pulmonary TB patients treated in Kyiv Oblast, Ukraine between November 2012 and October 2014. We defined good treatment outcomes as cure or completion and poor outcomes as death, default or treatment failure. We performed logistic regression analyses, using routine program data, to identify baseline patient factors associated with poor outcomes.

Results: Among 302 patients, 193 (63.9%) experienced good treatment outcomes while 39 (12.9%) failed treatment, 34 (11.3%) died, and 30 (9.9%) defaulted. In the multivariate analysis, HIV positive patients on anti-retroviral therapy (ART) [OR 3.50; 95% CI 1.46 – 8.42; p 0.005] or without ART (OR 4.12; 95% CI 1.36 – 12.43; p 0.01) were at increased risk of poor outcomes. Alcohol abuse (OR 1.81; 95% CI 0.93 - 3.55; p 0.08) and smear positivity (OR 1.75; 95% CI 1.03 - 2.97; p 0.04) were also associated with poor treatment outcomes.

Conclusions: High rates of poor outcomes among patients with newly diagnosed drug sensitive TB in Kyiv Oblast, Ukraine highlight the urgent need for programmatic interventions, especially aimed at patients with the highest risk of poor outcomes.
Puzzle—Solving Smartphone Puzzle Apps by Mathematical Programming
Authors: Hartmann Sönke
Published: October 2017

This paper considers six logic puzzles (i.e., single player games) that are available as smartphone apps. The six logic puzzles are: Thermometer Puzzles, Kakuro (Cross Sums), Match 22: Color Puzzle Game, ∞ Infinity Loop, Slider, and Flow Free. We provide mathematical models that can be applied to obtain solutions for these puzzles. In OR/MS lectures, the apps and models can be used as examples or exercises when teaching mathematical programming and for discussion of familiar model types such as shortest path and network flow models. Given the popularity of logic puzzle apps on smartphones, such exercises might be motivating for students. The level of difficulty of the models presented here varies from easy to more difficult.

The MathProg files are available at https://www.informs.org/Publications/Subscribe/Access-Restricted-Materials .
Cognitive Analysis of Meaning and Acquired Mental Representations as an Alternative Measurement Method Technique to Innovate E-Assessment
Authors: Morales-Martinez Guadalupe Elizabeth , Lopez-Ramirez Ernesto Octavio , Castro-Campos Claudia , Villarreal-Trevino Maria Guadalupe , Gonzales-Trujillo Claudia Jaquelina
Published: October 2017

Empirical directions to innovate e-assessments and to support the theoretical development of e-learning are discussed by presenting a new learning assessment system based on cognitive technology. Specifically, this system encompassing trained neural nets that can discriminate between students who successfully integrated new knowledge course content from students who did not successfully integrate this new knowledge (either because they tried short-term retention or did not acquire new knowledge). This neural network discrimination capacity is based on the idea that once a student has integrated new knowledge into long-term memory, this knowledge will be detected by computer-implemented semantic priming studies (before and after a course) containing schemata-related words from course content (which are obtained using a natural semantic network technique). The research results demonstrate the possibility of innovating e-assessments by implementing mutually constrained responsive and constructive cognitive techniques to evaluate online knowledge acquisition.
Engineering Student’s Self-Efficacy Judgment to Solve Mathematical Problems in the Classroom or Online
Authors: Villarreal-Treviño Maria Guadalupe , Villarreal-Lozano Ricardo Jesus , Morales-Martinez Guadalupe Elizabeth , Lopez-Ramirez Ernesto Octavio , Flores-Moreno Norma Esthela
Published: October 2017

This study explored in a sample of 560 high level education students their judgment formation to perceived self-efficacy to solve mathematical tasks. Students had to read 36 experimental vignettes describing educative scenarios to learn mathematics. Each scenario presented four manipulated pieces of information (learning modality, task difficulty, task relevance, and structure). After reading each scenario students were required to provide judgments regarding their believed self-efficacy to solve mathematical tasks described in the vignette by using a scale. Results showed that in regard to how students perceived their self-efficacy they could be grouped in two clusters (high and moderate). Most relevant factors to their judgment formation were task difficulty, task relevance and structure. Here, both groups used the same cognitive algebra mechanism to integrate factor information. Here, students valuated academic performance and feedback (e.g. difficulty and relevance) as most relevant even when they are conscious that learning is a primordial target. These and other results are discussed in the paper.