bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Application of a Standardized Terminology and Nomenclature for Respiratory Cytology: Experience from a Large Tertiary Respiratory Cancer Centre
Authors: O’Connor Diarmuid , Fabre Aurelie , Gibbons David
Published: November 2022

Introduction: In 2020, the World Health Organization-International Agency for Research on Cancer/International Academy of Cytology (WHO-IARC IAC) joint project was commenced to develop standardized nomenclature and diagnostic criteria in cytopathology internationally. Our institution has been coding all respiratory cytological specimens in a similar fashion for over 10 years. Our aim was to analyse the effectiveness of our respiratory cytology coding system by calculating the estimated risk of malignancy (ROM) and rates of each diagnostic category. Methods: Over a 2 year period, all endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA), bronchial brushing, bronchial washing, bronchial lavage, and sputum specimens reported at our institution were analysed. For each specimen, the diagnostic code, the relevant indication for each diagnostic procedure, the diagnosis, and the presence or absence of a positive corresponding biopsy were recorded. Results: In total, 1,432 respiratory cytological specimens from 945 patients over a 2-year period were analysed. 467 specimens were confirmed to be associated with a malignant process. The overall ROM for respiratory cytology specimens was 37.7% for nondiagnostic, 18.1% for benign, 46.7% for atypical, 85.7% for suspicious for malignancy, and 91.9% for malignant. For each diagnostic procedure, the ROM increased from the benign to malignant categories. Discussion/Conclusion: Our ROM rates for overall respiratory cytology specimens and for EBUS-TBNA, bronchial brushing, and bronchial washing specimens separately are concordant with other major international studies. With the WHO-IARC IAC joint project in progress and an international respiratory cytology coding system being developed, our study has the potential to add value by providing indicative ROM rates, which can be used to inform the development of this new classification system. Our rates of diagnostic accuracy are in keeping with international standards, which support the accuracy of our data.
Novel Uses for Peritoneal Dialysis
Authors: Campbell Ruth , Teitelbaum Isaac
Published: November 2022

Apart from its use in patients with end-stage kidney disease or acute kidney injury, there has recently been interest in the potential use of peritoneal dialysis for other, nonrenal indications. Herein, we review two nonrenal areas that are currently being evaluated: use of liposomal-supported peritoneal dialysis for the removal of endogenous and exogenous toxins and use of peritoneal dialysis to reduce risk of secondary brain injury following ischemic stroke.
Risk Factors for Early Onset of Proteinuria in Patients Receiving Atezolizumab Plus Bevacizumab for Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Ando Yuwa , Kawaoka Tomokazu , Kosaka Masanari , Shirane Yuki , Johira Yusuke , Miura Ryoichi , Murakami Serami , Yano Shigeki , Amioka Kei , Naruto Kensuke , Kosaka Yumi , Uchikawa Shinsuke , Kodama Kenichiro , Fujino Hatsue , Nakahara Takashi , Ono Atushi , Murakami Eisuke , Yamauchi Masami , Okamoto Wataru , Takahashi Shoichi , Imamura Michio , Aikata Hiroshi
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Proteinuria is one of the adverse events of atezolizumab plus bevacizumab combination therapy (Atezo + Bev) and can cause interruption in the use of Bev. However, the risk factors for proteinuria in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) who are receiving Atezo + Bev have not yet been investigated. The aim of this study was to identify the risk factors for early onset of proteinuria in Atezo + Bev for patients with unresectable HCC. Methods: Sixty-four patients with Child-Pugh scores of 5–7, an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0 or 1, and low level of proteinuria (1+ or less on a dipstick test and urine protein-to-creatinine ratio (UPCR) less than 2.0 g/g Cr) at the initiation of therapy were analyzed. The level of proteinuria was evaluated based on the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 5.0. We adopted the UPCR for the quantitative test instead of a 24-h urine collection. The incidence of proteinuria and changes in liver function were retrospectively investigated. Results: The cumulative incidence of proteinuria over a 24-week period was 34.4%. Multivariate analysis showed that a low estimated glomerular filtration rate (hazard ratio [HR], 3.807; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.579–9.180; p = 0.003), treatment for hypertension (HR, 6.224; 95% CI, 1.614–24.010; p = 0.008), and high systolic blood pressure (SBP) (HR, 2.649; 95% CI, 1.133–6.194; p = 0.025) were risk factors for proteinuria. Serum albumin levels and albumin-bilirubin scores in patients with proteinuria worsened. In addition, a mean SBP ≥135 mm Hg during treatment was the only risk factor for the development of severe proteinuria (UPCR >2 g/g Cr). Conclusion: Our study found that controlling blood pressure is extremely important for the management of proteinuria in patients with HCC who are receiving Atezo + Bev.
Low Rate of Infectious Enterocolitis in Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplant Recipients with Acute Diarrhea: A Prospective Study by the GETH-TC
Authors: Velao Sara Redondo , Garcia Cadenas Irene , Cuesta Mª Angeles , Sanchez-Ortega Isabel , Fernández-Avilés Francesc , Roldan Elisa , Torrent Anna , Viguria M. Cruz , Villar Sara , Bento Leyre , Yáñez Lucrecia , Martino Rodrigo , Piñana Jose Luis ,   on behalf of the GRUCINI committe of the Grupo Español de Trasplante Hematopoyético y Terapia Celular (GETH-TC)
Published: November 2022

Acute diarrhea is a common and debilitating complication in recipients of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HCT). In this prospective, observational, and multicenter study we examined all episodes occurring in the first 6 months of 142 consecutive adult patients who underwent a reduced-intensity conditioning HCT in 10 Spanish tertiary university hospitals. Fifty-four patients (38%) developed a total of 75 acute diarrhea episodes. The median time from HCT to the first episode was 38 days (4–157). The main cause of enterocolitis was lower GI-aGVHD (38%), followed by infections (21%) and drug-related toxicity (8%). Causative infectious causes were identified in only 16/75 episodes (21%). C. difficile-related infection was the most common infectious agent with an incidence and recurrence of 13% and 2%, respectively. With a median follow-up for survivors of 32 months, the non-relapse mortality (NRM) and the overall survival (OS) at 1 year, were 20% (95% C.I.: 14–28%) and 69% (95% C.I.: 61–77%), respectively. Development of enterocolitis was not associated with higher NRM (p = 0.37) or worse OS (p = 0.9). This real-life study confirms that the diagnosis and management of acute diarrhea in the early stages after HCT is challenging. Nosocomial infections seem to be relatively uncommon, probably due to more rational use of antibiotics.
Hickman’ın Karar Yorgunluğu Ölçeği’nin Türkçe’ye Uyarlanması ve Covid-19 Sürecinde Bir Araştırma: Türkiye Örneği
Authors: SARIAKÇALI Nuriye , KIRPIK Gülşen
Published: November 2022

Bu çalışmada Hickman ve diğerleri (2018) tarafından geliştirilen “Karar Yorgunluğu Ölçeği”nin Türkçeye uyarlaması yapılmıştır. Bu kapsamda, Türkiye’de COVID-19 pandemi döneminde farklı sektörlerde çalışanların karar yorgunluklarının olup olmadığının ve karar yorgunluk düzeylerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Verilerin toplanmasında online anket toplama platformu olan Google formlardan faydalanılmıştır. Basit tesadüfi yöntemle seçilen 446 örneklem üzerinden analizler yapılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde yapısal eşitlik modellemesi altında doğrulayıcı faktör analizi yöntemleri kullanılmıştır. Analiz sonucunda, Hickman karar yorgunluğu ölçeğinin Türkiye’deki farklı sektörlerde çalışanların karar yorgunluk düzeylerinin tespit edilmesi için kullanılabileceği ortaya konulmuştur. Ayrıca, araştırmaya katılan çalışanların COVID-19 pandemisi sürecinde karar yorgunluk düzeylerinin genellikle düşük düzeyde olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bazı sosyo-demografik özellikler açısından da çalışanların karar yorgunluk düzeylerinin farklılaştığı gözlenmiştir.
Neglected from Societal Narratives and Minoritised
Authors: Chong Shao Yuan
Published: November 2022

This study explores the experiences of Taiwanese, Hong Konger, Malaysian, Singaporean, and Vietnamese community members as invisible Asian communities in Canada before and after covid-19. Ten interviewees participated online in semi-structured interviews, and results showed that minoritised Asian communities had a different experience from hegemonic ‘Asian’ community members in Canada because of their ethnocultural identities. Society’s attempts to homogenise the experience of ‘Asians’ has rendered the interviewees’ ethnocultural experience invisible in Canadian society. These experiences stirred polarising sentiments among interviewees towards their ethnocultural identity. As covid-19 hit, daily anxieties surrounding both the pandemic and ethnic-related attacks came to the fore of minoritised Asian community members’ concerns. Community members have been ambivalent about the impact of organised solidarity movements against anti-Asian racism. Given the findings from this study, researchers should consider disaggregating broad categories like the ‘Asian’ category for future research as well as policymaking.
Mimosa serra (Caesalpinioideae, Fabaceae): conservation insights and its presence in Argentina
Authors: MORALES MATÍAS , KELLER HÉCTOR , FORTUNATO RENÉE H.
Published: November 2022

In this work we detected the presence of Mimosa serra for the first time in Argentina and analyzed its distribution and status of conservation. In that country, it species is only known in one population in the Misiones province. The conservation status of the species was analyzed by means different criteria following the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) guidelines. We used the B criterion to evaluate the status of conservation at global-level and considered the B, C and D criteria to evaluate the status of conservation at country-level in Argentina. At global scale, we classified this species as Endangered (EN); it grows in few populations, some of them restricted to small and isolated swamps and grasslands in urban or agriculture areas. At country-level scale, we considered this species as Critically Endangered (CR), given its presence in only one known locality and considerable small Area of Occupancy. The method and guidelines to categorize M. serra can be extended to other species of the genus with similar ecology and distribution patterns in subtropical South America.
REVISITING THE TAXONOMY OF TARENNA FLAVA ALSTON (RUBIACEAE: IXOROIDEAE)
Authors: NAIR MAYA SUKUMARAN , KONICKAL MAMBETTA PRABHUKUMAR  , SUNILKUMAR TRIVIKRAMAN PILLAI  , TARUN CHHABRA
Published: November 2022

The present paper discusses the identity and distribution of Tarenna flava Alston (Rubiaceae: Ixoroideae) in India. Detailed description with colour photographs are provided along with morphological comparison of the allied species Tarenna asiatica (L.) Kuntze ex K. Schum. Here we also designated the lectotypes for the names Tarenna flava and Stylocoryna webera A. Rich var. montana Thwaites.
High-throughput sequencing analysis of the bacteria associated with a Chinese-reared population of Dermatophagoides farinae (Acari: Pyroglyphidae)
Authors: ZHOU XIAO-QIAN , TANG XIAO-NIU , SUN EN-TAO
Published: November 2022

Dermatophagoides farinae Hughes is a widely distributed house dust mite (HDM) (Pyroglyphidae) and one of the major agents of HDM allergy in humans. Studies on the bacterial communities of D. farinae have focused on western populations, while there is a gap of knowledge about the bacterial communities associated with populations from East Asia. With this in mind, we aimed to investigate the diversity of bacteria in laboratory-reared D. farinae from Wuhu, Anhui Province, China.
Oribatida in New Zealand alpine environments
Authors: MINOR MARIA , ROBERTSON ALASTAIR
Published: November 2022

New Zealand’s soil biota is diverse and unusual, and has high levels of species endemism. Soil microarthropods are the major (and least studied) part of NZ land fauna, yet changes in their biodiversity are often difficult to quantify, because the baseline data are lacking. Data on alpine fauna and flora are a priority in preserving NZ biological heritage, as they are vulnerable to range contraction and higher-altitude displacement due to climate warming. In this presentation we briefly summarize the gaps and challenges in our knowledge of NZ alpine invertebrate biodiversity. The patterns in diversity and community structure of soil Oribatida in the alpine zone vs. upland forests are discussed using spatially-explicit data from several alpine regions of the South Island. Focusing on environmental and spatial analysis, we answer several questions: 1) is alpine plant diversity a significant driver for oribatid species diversity in the high alpine, and if not, what is? 2) Did limited dispersal and habitat fragmentation during Pliocene mountain building and Pleistocene glaciation produce regionally unique alpine communities, or is the alpine fauna a generic depauperate fragment of communities below treeline? 3) What is the scale of species turnover patterns across the alpine landscape? There is also an interesting opportunity to compare oribatid communities of alpine New Zealand with those bearing similar ecophysiological challenges in the Northern Hemisphere.
Study on the feeding preference and feeding habits of the oribatid mite Papillacarus elongatus Xavier (Acari: Oribatida: Lohmannidae) using microfungal and leaf litter diets
Authors: PRAVEENA K.K. , SOBHA T.R. , ARUN A.
Published: November 2022

Oribatid mites are essential to the decomposition of plant tissues in temperate forests by assisting the conversion of primary productivity to soil organic matter and thereby nutrient release. The feeding habits and preference of one of the important soil oribatid mite, Papillacarus elongatus, were observed under the laboratory conditions (RH 80±2% and Temperature 27±2 °C) by providing different microfungi (Pseudo pestalotiopsis, Ectophoma multirostrata, Curvularia verruculosa, Corynespora cassiicola, Lasiodipladia theobromae, Trichodema harzianum) and semi degraded leaves (Hevea brasiliensis, Theobrama cacao, Myristica fragrans, Artocarpus hirsutus, Artocarpus heterophyllus, Mangifera indica) as food items. Among these food items, the mite fed less on microfungi Pseudo pestalotiopsis and Ectophoma multirostrata but actively fed on Curvularia verruculosa, Corynespora cassiicola, Lasiodipladia theobromae and Trichodema harzianum. They completely rejected semi-degraded leaves of Hevea brasiliensis, Theobrama cacao and Myristica fragrans but actively fed on Artocarpus hirsutus, Artocarpus heterophyllus, and Mangifera indica. The rate of feeding and their ability to select favoured food items could be analyzed statistically by conducting an ANOVA test, which revealed that the F value was significant at p<0.05 level. The results of this study indicate that the P. elongatus can exhibit both microphytophagous and panphytophagous feeding behaviour, as they could feed both lower plant elements like fungal hyphae and higher plant parts like leaves. Defecated faecal pellets of the reared oribatid mites were also observed on individual food items in culture vessels and counted after 24, 48, 72, 96 and 120h. The results confirmed the preferred food items in the present experiment. The enzyme assays showed that the possession of cellulose-splitting enzymes like cellulase, trihalase and chitinase suggests their ability to degrade polysaccharides. These alternative feeding guilds in this species and their possible interactions with the fungal community were related to organic matter decomposition which may help them indirectly affect the microbial activity and be directly involved in the biodegradation of leaf litter in the soil ecosystem.
The diversity and distribution of oribatid mites in high altitudinal ecosystems of Great and Lesser Caucasus
Authors: MURVANIDZE MAKA , TODRIA NINO
Published: November 2022

The aim of our investigation was to study the community composition and distribution of oribatid mites in high altitudinal ecosystems of Great and Lesser Caucasus mountains.
Generalist–specialist continuum in soil oribatid mites (Acari): evidence from stable isotopes
Authors: LU JING-ZHONG , NOSKE JOHANNA E. , MARAUN MARK , SCHAEFER INA , SCHEU STEFAN
Published: November 2022

Not all individuals are the same. How this applies to soil-living creatures received little attention. Within-species variability determines the niche differentiation of coexisting species.
The 30 years drought: Updating records on the Uropodina fauna of the Philippines
Authors: NAREDO JEREMY C.B.
Published: November 2022

The majority of published records of Uropodina in the Philippines were by Hirschmann and his colleagues in the late 1980s to early 1990s. Most of these records were from the country’s largest Island, Luzon (34 of 51 species) especially around the province of Laguna. Although acarine diversity in the Philippines is considered as better-known than that of neighboring countries in Southeast Asia, no additional records of Uropodina have been published after 1992, a 30-year drought. In January and February of 2016, we conducted collections in several parts of Luzon Island as part of a larger study on uropodine phylogeny. In the current study, we present initial results from this expedition on uropodine diversity, based on morphospecies. We’ve identified at least 52 species from 23 genera in 12 families including possible new country records for 5 genera and 3 families. We provide new insights on the group’s diversity by comparing numbers from the current study to previous records. The aim is to use these results as benchmark for further studies on the systematics of Uropodina in the Philippines.
Checklist of Indian mites in the family Laelapidae Canestrini, 1891 (Acari: Mesostigmata)
Authors: BANDYOPADHYAY PRITHA , KARMAKAR KRISHNA , HALLIDAY BRUCE
Published: November 2022

The mite family Laelapidae Canestrini, 1891 (Acari: Parasitiformes) is one of the most diverse families in the Order Mesostigmata. The family is cosmopolitan and ecologically diverse, including obligate and facultative parasites of vertebrates, insect paraphages, and free-living predators that occur in soil and litter and the nests of vertebrates and arthropods. The free-living species have received considerable attention as predatory biological control agents of agri-horticultural pests that spend at least part of their life in the soil.
Morphological and mitochondrial genomic traits of Spinibdella lignicola (Trombidiformes, Eupodina, Bdelloidea) and evolution of Trombidiform mites from comparative genomics
Authors: FANG YING , FANG YU , CHU LINGMIAO , XIA XINGQUAN , SUN ENTAO
Published: November 2022

Numerous trombidiform mites have been elucidated for their morphological features and mitochondrial (mt) genomes. However, the mitochondrial genomes of Spinibdella lignicola has never been described yet. In this study, we accounted for the morphological characteristics and complete mitochondrial genome of S. lignicola (the first mitogenome of Bdelloidea). Furthermore, combined with other 26 trombidiform mitogenomes, we conducted gene order (GO) comparative analyses of trombidiform mites. S. lignicola, pear-shaped, bright red in color, is about 950 μm in length and featured by Coxa I with 4 setae. The mitogenome of S. lignicola have a typical set of 37 genes in arthropods, exhibiting a novel gene cluster of “trnA-trnQ-trnS1-trnR” among trombidiform mites. Phylogenetic reconstruction revealed that S. lignicola is closely related to Riccardoella reaumuri, supporting its position within Eupodides. In line with previous studies, the monophyly of Trombidiformes is rejected beacuse the Eriophyoidea lies outside of Trombidiformes. Four derived gene clusters (cox1~cox3; nad6~trnS2; nad1-trnL2; trnM~trnC) were suggested as synapomorphies in trombidiform mites. Furthermore, we propose the possible ancestral GO of Trombidiformes and provide GO evidence for eriophyoid mites evolving independently from non-eriophyoid trombidiform mites. Our study confirms that comparative analysis of GO is a valuable information approach in improving our understanding of mitogenome evolution and phylogeny of trombidiform mites.
The genus Proterothrix Gaud (Astigmata: Proctophyllodidae) of China: a review of research progress
Authors: HE SHU-XIANG , SUN LI-HUA , LIU HUAI , WANG ZI-YING
Published: November 2022

The Pterodectinae is one of the two subfamilies (Pterodectinae and proctophllodinae) in the Proctophyllodidae and its members are characterized by the continuous tips of epigynum with epimerites IIIa and IV forming a keyhole-shaped structure. The feather mite genus Proterothrix Guad, 1968 along with seven more genera, belongs to the “Phroterothrix generic group”, which is characterized by satae ps3 anterior to adanal suckers in males.
Resistant genotypes and biological control for the integrated management of Tetranychus evansi (Acari: Tetranychidae) on tomato
Authors: SAVI PATRICE JACOB , DE MORAES GILBERTO JOSÉ , DE ANDRADE DANIEL JÚNIOR
Published: November 2022

The tomato red spider mite, Tetranychus evansi Baker & Pritchard (Acari: Tetranychidae), is an invasive tomato pest in several countries, with the potential to reduce yield by up to 90% in Africa. Due to the high biotic potential of the pest, the management focused on the use of synthetic pesticides is often not efficient or unsustainable over time, requiring the integration with other control methods. Previous studies found in wild genotypes expressive source of resistance (glandular trichomes) that could be explored to increase resistance level of varieties of interest to this pest. Furthermore, Phytoseiulus longipes Evans (Phytoseiidae), found in South America, proved to be a promising predatory mite of T. evansi. However, the incorporation of this predatory mite into IPM programs requires detailed knowledge of its interactions with other management practices.
Spaetzle responds to the process of Neoseiulus barkeri resistance to Beauveria bassiana infection
Authors: NIU TIANDI , YANG YI , YANG BOWEI , FENG XIAOTIAN , WANG HAO , LI YAYING , NIMA YUZHEN , LIU HUAI
Published: November 2022

The application of Beauveria bassiana is proved to be a feasible biological control measure against pest insects and mites (e.g. Liu et al. 2018; Al Khoury et al. 2020). But the complex and variable ecological environment can affect the efficiency of B. bassiana. Due to the powerful search and spread ability of predatory mites, they were proposed to carry and spread pathogenic microbial spores to places that are difficult to be covered by conventional spray methods (Chen et al. 2020; Hao et al. 2021). This biocontrol strategy of combining fungi with predator mites is predicted to play a synergistic role in pest control. Therefore, the tolerance of predator mites to B. bassiana and the underlying mechanism have been the subject of extensive research and remained to be explored further. The infection of insects by B. bassiana can induce insect innate immune response. Spaetzle protein (Spz), as an important ligand of insect Toll pathway, has been demonstrated to play an important role in insect innate immune defense system.
Integrative analysis of transcriptomics and metabolomics reveals the toxic mechanism of spirobudiclofen on Panonychus citri (Acari: Tetranychidae)
Authors: WANG HONGYAN , XIN TIANRONG , ZHANG XIAOJING , GU HAOCHENG , WEN KEXIN , YANG CUI , WANG JING , ZOU ZHIWEN , ZHONG LING , XIA BIN
Published: November 2022

After insecticides are used in the field, their toxicity will gradually decrease to sublethal concentration with the passage of time and environmental factors, and some pest individuals will be exposed to sublethal concentrations, which will result in the sublethal effects. Therefore, understanding the sublethal effects of pesticides is the key to examine their efficacy and evaluate pesticide risk management. Panonychus citri McGregor (Acari: Tetranychidae) is a key citrus pest in the world and its control is largely based on the use of acaricides, such as spirobudiclofen In this study, the sublethal effects of spirobudiclofen on population parameters of Panonychus citri adult females were evaluated. The results showed that sublethal concentration of spirobudiclofen significantly reduced in the longevity and fecundity of female adults, and the effects increased with increasing tested concentrations (LC30, LC50). In order to characterise the spirobudiclofen molecular mechanism, the transcriptomes and metabolomics of spirobudiclofen-treated (two sublethal concentrations LC30 and LC50) and untreated adult females were compared using RNA-sequencing and LC-MS. The RNA-seq results revealed that the immune defense, antioxidative system, cuticle formation and lipid metabolic pathway of P. citri were involved in the responses to spirobudiclofen stress. Moreover, based on the disordered lipid metabolic pathways obtained from transcriptomic studies, the sublethal effects of spirobudiclofen on P. citri were examined by LC-MS; the results showed that the tolerance metabolism of P. citri exposed to spirobudiclofen was regulated by enhancing the metabolism of glycerophospholipid and glycine, serine and threonine. In the present study, transcriptomics and metabolomics-based approaches were employed to examine the molecular mechanism of spirobudiclofen-induced sublethal effects on P. citri, and the results provide new insights into the defense mechanisms at the molecular and biochemical level, and valuable information for pest control strategy development.
A newly characterized Phytoseiulus persimilis is a component of a novel mass rearing method and a revolutionary slow-release product
Authors: TABIC ARNON , KATZ TOM , STEINBERG SHIMON
Published: November 2022

The predatory mite Phytoseiulus persimilis has been a leading commercial biocontrol agent against spider mites, traded globally for more than five decades. Despite that, the main diet used for its mass rearing hasn’t changed, and still consists of spider mites, which are considered essential for this mite’s reproduction (McMurtry & Croft 1997). Spider mites are both challenging for mass rearing, and are also inadequate to be used as a diet for slow release sachets, which are a common product for other predatory mites that can feed on a broader range of diets.
Conservation of predatory mites (Acari: Phytoseiidae) in vineyards by enhancing pollen provisioning
Authors: MALAGNINI VALERIA , POZZEBON ALBERTO , FACCHIN PAOLO , PAGANELLI ARTURO , DUSO CARLO
Published: November 2022

Pollen can be an important alternative food source for generalist phytoseiid mites occurring in vineyards, promoting the persistence of these beneficial mites in prey absence. In three field experiments, we studied the influence of airborne pollen provisioning on the population of generalist phytoseiid mites colonizing vineyards in northeastern Italy. In the first experiment, we investigated whether the presence of predatory mites found in vineyard plots located at increasing distance from hop plants with flowers was correlated with pollen abundance. In the second experiment, cattail pollen was sprayed on the grapevine canopy to evaluate the effect of this food source on predatory mite populations. In a third experiment, we investigated the effect of grass management based on a reduction of mowing frequency on predatory mite populations. Results were published in Malagnini et al. (2022), and showed that the abundance of the predatory mites Amblyseius andersoni, Kampimodromus aberrans, Phytoseius finitimus and Typhlodromus pyri was associated with pollen availability on grapevine leaves. K. aberrans population increases were promoted by hop pollen abundance. Both pollen spray and reduced the frequency of mowing groundcover increased the densities of predatory mite egg and motile stages. Pollen availability positively affected the four phytoseiid species considered here and promoted stable predatory mite populations in vineyards. According to our results, pollen availability could be guaranteed by: hedges with plants having scalar bloom; reducing the frequency of mowing groundcover inter-rows; pollen spray. These practices can be considered in light of biocontrol tactics to conserve predatory mite populations in vineyards.
Suitable areas of two introduced predatory mites and their interactions with one native predatory mite in China
Authors: LI GUANG-YUN , LI YU-CHUANG , HU YUE , LIU HUAI
Published: November 2022

Predatory mites were the second largest group of natural enemies, where some species have been commercialized and used worldwide for pest biological control. Two important predatory mite species Phytoseiulus persimilis and Neoseiulus cucumeris have been introduced to China for the control of mite and small insect pests in greenhouses and open fields. However, little was known about their suitable distribution range in China and their interactions with the native and commercialized predatory mites, making their application and commercialization difficult.
Predation ability of Stratiolaelaps scimitus (Acari: Laelapidae) to Tyrophagus putrescentiae (Acari: Acaridae) on edible fungi
Authors: ZHANG HAN , HAO LINGYU , ZHAO SIJIA , LIU ZHIQIANG , SU YA , ZHENG HUINA , HAO JINLIANG , GAO HUIMIN
Published: November 2022

Tyrophagus putrescentiae is one of the major pests of many edible fungi, whereas Stratiolaelaps scimitus is one of its main natural predators, which can be used to control T. putrescentiae on edible fungi. In our study, the prey preference and predation ability of S. scimitus to T. putrescentiae were determined in the laboratory. The results showed that both female and male adults of S. scimitus preferred adults to larvae of T. putrescentiae. The daily consumption of female adults of S. scimitus was higher than that of male adult mites. The consumption and predation rates of female and male adult mites reached the maximum within the first hour, then gradually decreased. This research provided a theoretical basis for the mass breeding of S. scimitus and field control of T. putrescentiae for edible fungi.
Effects of parasitism by Pyemotes zhonghuajia on reproduction of potato tuber moth
Authors: YE SHUAI , HAN DE-RUI , GAO YU-LIN , YANG MAO-FA
Published: November 2022

Pyemotes zhonghuajia is an ectoparasitoid natural enemy of a wide range of pests such as Lepidoptera, Coleoptera and Hymenoptera. Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller) (PTM) is a worldwide potato pest with serious damage of potato production. Our study showed that one P. zhonghuajia female could kill 1st to 4th instar larvae of PTM, and the lethal time of one P. zhonghuajia female on first to fourth PTM instar larvae were 5.48, 11.33, 23.47 and 2076 min, respectively. The parasitism of 1, 3, 5, 10, and 20 P. zhonghuajia mites could significantly affect the mortality rate of PTM 4th instar larvae and pupae. The parasitism durations (30 and 60 mins) of one P. zhonghuajia female on one PTM fourth instar larva could influence the life history of PTM parental generation but did not influence the life table of PTM offspring generation. Releasing 60, 80, and 100 mites or opisthosoma with mites could reduce the occurrence and consumption of PTM on potatoes the weight loss of the potato tuber. The number of insect dung piles in one potato tuber was significantly decreased by releasing 60, 80, and 100 P. zhonghuajia mites, and releasing 100 mites resulted in the lowest number of insect dung piles. Our results indicate that P. zhonghuajia can significantly affect the population growth of PTM. Future studies should explore the lethal mechanism of P. zhonghuajia and its performance in practical application in the warehouse and field condition.
RNA interference machinery in the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch
Authors: ARAI YUKA , SUZUKI TAKESHI
Published: November 2022

RNA interference (RNAi) or post-transcriptional gene silencing is a biological process conserved in a broad range of eukaryotes and triggered by endogenous or exogenous double-stranded RNA (dsRNA). RNAi suppresses the endogenous expression of the target gene of which the mRNA sequence is complementary to the dsRNA sequence. RNAi has been widely used as a gene functional analysis technology, and recently, exogenous dsRNA has begun to be applied to a sprayable biopesticide with a different mode-of-action from conventional synthetic pesticides. The two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch (Trombidiformes: Tetranychidae), is distributed worldwide and has been known as one of the most difficult agricultural pests to control due to its rapid development of resistance to synthetic pesticides. Therefore, the development of RNAi-based biopesticide targeting this species is highly anticipated. However, the function of RNAi machinery in this species remains unclear. Processing dsRNA into small RNA is a fundamental process contributing to RNAi efficacy. Here we performed functional analysis of TuDcr1 and TuDcr2 genes, homologues of Drosophila melanogaster Dicer-1 and Dicer-2, which belong to the RNase III family. The nucleotide sequences of TuDcr1 (tetur19g00520), TuDcr2 (tetur07g00990), and an intergenic region as a negative control (NC) were obtained from the ORCAE database and used for PCR amplification of each DNA fragment. RNA synthesized by in vitro transcription from each DNA fragment was used to prepare dsRNA specific to TuDcr1, TuDcr2, and NC (dsRNA-TuDcr1, dsRNA-TuDcr2, and dsRNA-NC, respectively). A nylon-mesh-based feeding device was used to orally deliver dsRNA to age-synchronized adult female mites for 24 h. Both TuDcr1 and TuDcr2 were upregulated after oral administration of dsRNA-NC, which indicates the activation of RNAi machinery by orally-delivered dsRNA. Downregulations of TuDcr1 and TuDcr2 were observed in mites fed on dsRNA-TuDcr1 and dsRNA-TuDcr2 when compared to dsRNA-NC. However, no significant effects were observed in the susceptibility to RNAi targeting an essential gene Vacuolar-type H+-ATPase after oral administration of dsRNA-TuDcr1, dsRNA-TuDcr2, or dsRNA-NC. The dsRNA-cleaving assay revealed that the dicing activity was reduced in mites fed on dsRNA-TuDcr1 and dsRNA-TuDcr2 when compared with dsRNA-NC and that the activity seemed to be higher in TuDcr2 than TuDcr1. Our results suggest that TuDcr1 and TuDcr2 possess the activity of dsRNA cleavage and that TuDcr2 is responsible for dicing exogenous dsRNA.
Chromosome-level genomic assembly and allergome inference reveal novel allergens in the storage mite, Tyrophagus putrescentiae
Authors: ZHOU YING , KLIMOV PAVEL B. , GU XIAOHONG , YU ZHIWEI , CUI XIAOCHUAN , LI QINGQING , PAN RUILIN , YUAN CUNYIN , CAI FANGFANG , CUI YUBAO
Published: November 2022

Tyrophagus putrescentiae is a common storage mite in house dust, stored grains and other food. It has been demonstrated as an important indoor allergen source resulting in IgE-mediated responses and allergic diseases in genetically predisposed patients. Identification and characterization of its allergens using whole genome sequencing is needed for improving allergy diagnostics and developing better immunotherapeutic vaccines.
Preliminary faunistic study on Erythraeoidea (Acari: Trombidiformes) in China
Authors: XU SI-YUAN , YI TIAN-CI , GUO JIAN-JUN , JIN DAO-CHAO
Published: November 2022

The superfamily Erythraeoidea consists of two families: Erythraeidae and Smarididae. To date, 44 named species of Erythraeidae and three named species of Smarididae have been recorded in China.
soil mites for the biological control of pests in Brazil
Authors: CASTILHO RAPHAEL DE CAMPOS , DE MORAES GILBERTO JOSÉ
Published: November 2022

Stratiolaelaps scimitus (Mesostigmata: Laelapidae) is presently the only predatory mite commercialized for the biological control of soil pests in Brazil. It is conceived that other potentially useful species are present in the country, waiting to be discovered for use. Considerable efforts have been dedicated in the last five years to determine the predominant predatory mites from the different Brazilian major ecological regions (biomes), within a project financed by the State of São Paulo Research Foundation (Biota/ Fapesp), which includes mostly evaluations of the biodiversity. Members of this project are professional acarologists, post-doctorate, graduate and undergraduate students dedicated to the collection, identification and preliminary evaluation of the potential of collected mites as biological control agents of representatives of pest nematodes, thrips, fungus-gnats (Diptera: Sciaridae), phytophagous mites, the house-fly and the stable-fly. It has been determined that the predominant groups of predatory mites in soils of agroecosystems belong to the Ascidae, followed by the Laelapidae. This is different from soils of areas of natural vegetation, where the predominant families are the Rhodacaridae, followed by the Ascidae. The reason for this difference in composition of predatory mites should help in determining the convenience to change agricultural practices in order to favor certain beneficial species and hence reduce pest problems. The potential of representative species as biological control agents is under investigation, with promising results. Reduction of up to 90% of the house fly and up to 70% of the stable fly population levels were estimated, with localized field releases of Macrocheles embersoni or Macrocheles muscaedomesticae (Macrochelidae). Over 60% reduction in population level of the soybean cyst nematode, Heterodera glycines, one of the most harmful and difficult pests to control in soybean, has been estimated in soils of pots with soybean plants, with releases of Protogamasellopsis zaheri (Rhodacaridae) and S. scimitus. About 45% reduction in population level of the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita was estimated in soils of pots with tomato plants, with releases of the same predator as well as of the free-living nematode Rhabditella axei. It is suggested that provisioning and or conserving alternative food sources for the predatory mites, such as free-living nematodes, could further improve natural biological control. The efficacy of other predator species is under investigation.
Effects of weather and predators on the population Brevipalpus yothersi (Acari: Tenuipalpidae) in south Florida hibiscus hedges
Authors: RODA AMY L. , ALLEN C. TERI , CARRILLO DANIEL , NACHMAN GÖSTA
Published: November 2022

Citrus leprosis diseased caused by citrus leprosis virus (CiLV) is considered one of the most destructive diseases of citrus. The putative vectors (Brevipalpus spp.) are present in the major citrus producing states in the U.S.A. Recently, Citrus leprosis virus C2 (CiLV-C2) Hibiscus strain, a virus with a high degree of homology with CiLV, was found infecting hibiscus in Florida and Hawaii. Hibiscus is an important ornamental plant generating over $21 billion (2010–2015) for the Florida nursery industry. We studied the presence of the CiLV-C2 vector Brevipalpus yothersi on hibiscus hedges located in south Florida to determine if hibiscus could be a reservoir for leprosis vectors and if predators and environmental conditions affect the population dynamics of the vector. For two years, samples were taken monthly from 3 hibiscus hedges. All Brevipalpus mites and known predatory mites were counted from three locations in the canopy (top, middle and bottom). Weather data was collected from local weather stations. Brevipalpus mites were always found on hibiscus but in very low numbers. The populations of B. yothersi were similar in all areas of the canopy but were different at the three locations. Humidity and precipitation did not explain changes in B. yothersi populations. Brevipalpus yothersi growth rate increased with temperature with a predicted peak at 26.1°C. Predators populations increased with increases in B. yothersi population. Hibiscus hedges appear to serve as a reservoir for predators. Higher temperatures that could occur with climate change could lead to an exponential increase in the abundance of B. yothersi.
The XVI International Congress of Acarology: welcome address by the President
Authors: ZHANG ZHI-QIANG
Published: November 2022

Editorial
Phoretic mites associated with ambrosia beetles in Florida avocados
Authors: BERTO MARIELLE M. , KENDRA PAUL E. , CARRILLO DANIEL
Published: November 2022

Ambrosia beetles spend most of their life inside galleries built on host trees. They use the xylem as a substrate for farming symbiotic fungi, carried in specialized sac-like structures called mycangia. Most of their symbionts offer no threat to plants. However, some of these symbionts are phytopathogens that infect avocado (Persea americana) and other plants in the family Lauraceae. Raffaelea lauricola is a fungal pathogen vectored by several species of ambrosia beetles in the United States. It is the causal agent of laurel wilt, a deadly disease affecting avocado and forest ecosystems in Florida. The cryptic living habits of the ambrosia beetles make their management challenging. Conventional insecticide and fungicide applications have not been successful so far. This system requires novel IPM strategies.
Brevipalpus (Tenuipalpidae) and orchid fleck virus (OFV) in South Africa: what do we know?
Authors: SACCAGGI DAVINA L. , KIRKMAN WAYNE , COOK GLYNNIS , UECKERMANN EDWARD A.
Published: November 2022

Certain species of Brevipalpus (Trombidiformes: Tenuipalpidae) are able to transmit viruses of the citrus leprosis complex, a serious non-systemic disease of citrus. This disease is endemic to Central and South America, and is characterised by necrotic lesions with chlorotic halos on twigs, leaves and fruit. Citrus leprosis is caused by two types of RNA viruses: cytoplasmic (CL-C) and nuclear (CL-N). In South Africa, CL-N symptoms were detected in 2018 in citrus orchards in the Sundays River Valley (SRV) of the Eastern Cape (Fig 1), and found to be associated with trees testing positive for orchid fleck virus (OFV) (Cook et al. 2019). Mites from this site identified as B. californicus s.l. tested positive for OFV. It is assumed that the entry pathway of OFV virus into South Africa was via the trade of orchid pot plants, and that it was then transmitted to citrus by viruliferous B. californicus. This is the first CL virus-vector association and putative transmission from orchids to citrus identified in South Africa.
A new species of Hannemania (Trombidiformes: Leeuwenhoekiidae) parasitizing the endemic and endangered frog, Atelognathus reverberii (Anura: Batrachylidae) from Argentinian Patagonia
Authors: ESPINOZA-CARNIGLIA MARIO , JACINAVICIUS FERNANDO C. , BASSINI-SILVA RICARDO , LA FUENTE MARIA CAROLINA SILVA-DE , KASS NICOLÁS , MONTES MARTÍN , MORENO LUCILA , LARESCHI MARCELA
Published: November 2022

Chigger mites of the genus Hannemania Oudemans 1911 (Acari: Leeuwenhoekiidae) are subcutaneous parasites of amphibians. To date, 28 species have been reported from the Americas and Oceania. In Argentina, only six species have been recorded: H. achalai Alzuet & Mauri 1987, H. argentina Lahille 1927, H. edwardsi Sambon 1928, H. hobdayi Sambon 1928, H. minor Alzuet & Mauri 1987 and, H. samboni Ewing 1931. Those species were recorded parasitizing frogs of the genera Bufo Garsault (Bufonidae), Hypsiboas Wagler (Hylidae), Leptodactylus Fitzinger (Leptodactylidae), Nannophryne Günther (Bufonidae), Odontophrynus Reinhardt & Lütken (Odontophrynidae) and, Pleurodema Tschudi (Leptodactylidae). Most of these records are from the northern, northeastern and Andean regions in Argentina. In Argentinean Patagonia, the Meseta de Somuncurá is a protected natural area of great biological interest due to the strong endemism of fauna and flora (at least 14 endemic species). Only, H. hobdayi and H. samboni have been described from Argentinean Patagonia. The endemic Laguna Raimunda frog, Atelognathus reverberii (Cei) (Anura: Batrachylidae), is an endangered species with a distribution in the semi-permanent volcanic clay lagoons of Meseta de Somuncurá. The ecological characteristics of A. reverberii populations make it vulnerable to habitat degradation and parasitic diseases. This study aimed to describe a potentially new species of Hannemania collected as a parasite of A. reverberii in Meseta de Somuncurá, Río Negro, Argentina. A sample of 11 mites was cleared in lactophenol solution, slide-mounted in Hoyer’s medium, and observed using an optical microscope with Phase contrast and DIC. The mites have a palpal formula that differs from those of the previously described Hannemania species from Argentina and the rest of South America. They also differ from the related species in the number of eupathidia on the genu of leg I (σ) and the number and arrangement of dorsal opisthosomal setae. We consider that the species morphological differences and geographic isolation are sufficient to propose a novel species of the genus Hannemania. Herein, we present the first record of Hannemania parasitizing A. reverberii. As this amphibian is considered endangered, this novel species of Hannemania is probably threatened. This study contributes to the knowledge of this parasitic mite. In future studies, it will be necessary to consider molecular data of Argentinian Hannemania species to achieve a better understanding of the systematics of the genus.
Genotypes of the red velvet mite, Balaustium murorum (Trombidiformes, Erythraeidae) in the Northern Hemisphere and estimation of the migration process to Japan
Authors: SHIMANO SATOSHI , HIRUTA SHIMPEI F.
Published: November 2022

Balaustium murorum is considered to be widely distributed in the western part of the Palearctic region of Eurasia and has recently been reported for redescription and ecological information (e.g., Wohltmann 2000; Mąkol 2010). Since B. murorum has been widely reported in Japan since the 1980s, it has been considered to be an introduced species from Europe (M. Shiba, personal communication).
Effects of social environments and female life history traits on sex allocation in a spider mite
Authors: WEERAWANSHA NUWAN , WANG QIAO , HE XIONG ZHAO
Published: November 2022

Sex allocation in spider mites (Tetranychus sp.) is of interest to many researchers. They are haplodiploid species where the mated females can lay fertile and infertile eggs that develop to daughters and sons, respectively. Females tend to fertilise larger eggs (Macke et al. 2011) and adjust the offspring sex ratio under various social environments (e.g., population size and density) (e.g., Weerawansha et al. 2022a, 2022b, 2022c).
What have we learned from the first 600 mitochondrial genomes of Acari?
Authors: BARKER STEPHEN C. , KELAVA SAMUEL
Published: November 2022

Mitochondrial genomes have been remarkably instructive about the evolutionary-history (phylogeny), population-genetics and phylogeography of Acari, particularly the ticks. At present we have entire mt genomes for 125 of the 896+ species of ticks (316 mt genomes in total), and for 146 of the thousands of other species of Acari (296 mt genomes in total). Total number of mt genomes available for the Acari is 612 [we aim to have mt genomes for 400+ species of ticks and other Acari in time for the XVII International Congress of Acarology]. It has never been easier to sequence entire mt genomes. Any lab with basic wet-lab capability can do this by using commercial sequencing companies. In 2021, Barker & Kelava precipitated the Tick Mitochondrial Genome Network with a YouTube Channel of the monthly meetings [https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCnBhfhYxjC4rsJmVpBwHT0g/featured]. This is a worthwhile resource for people wanting to join our enterprise. We study mitochondrial genomes and nuclear genes, like the internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2), to address phylogenetic questions and questions about species-level taxonomy of ticks and other mites.