bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Entreprises religieuses transnationales en Afrique de l'Ouest
Authors: Noret Joël
Published: May 2018

Cet article examine, à partir de trois Églises retenues comme études de cas (les Assemblées de Dieu, l’Église Foursquare et TREM), les modes de construction et les développements de réseaux pentecôtistes transnationaux au Nigeria, au Bénin et au Togo. Deux logiques d’organisation (associative et missionnaire) de tels réseaux sont principalement distinguées, ainsi que les modalités de mise en place de ceux-ci selon le type d’autorité religieuse (plus ou moins charismatique) privilégié par les Églises. Le développement actuel de multiples initiatives missionnaires, en particulier à partir du Nigeria, est également envisagé.
Aesthetics, Humility, and Wonder: Other-Regarding Ways of Relating to Environment
Authors: Brady Emily
Published: May 2018

Dans cet article, j’avance la thèse que le développement de relations significatives d’ordre à la fois esthétique et éthique entre espèces et au sein des différentes espèces, entités organiques et inorganiques, se révèle d’une importance décisive pour configurer un avenir commun sur la planète Terre. À cette fin, j’esquisse les contours de ces relations au moyen de « modes de relation » qui revêtent une importance et une signification particulières pour les êtres humains et les non-humains. Les modes de relation que j’examine sont : Esthétique – un mode de relation caractérisé par la perception multisensorielle, l’attention et l’imagination libre ; Humilité – un mode de relation, compris de manière épistémologique et morale, caractérisé par la conscience des limites de la connaissance et du pouvoir humains ; et l’ Étonnement – un mode de relation caractérisé par l’ouverture d’esprit et la curiosité. Comment justifier l’idée que ces modes de relation sont désirables ? Je poserai cette question pour chacun d’entre eux, en me demandant dans quelle mesure l’esthétique, l’humilité et l’étonnement permettent de construire un avenir florissant.
L’expérience esthétique à l’épreuve des valeurs de la nature : vers une esthétique environnementale intégrale
Authors: Hess Gérald
Published: May 2018

Grâce aux travaux du philosophe Allan Carlson notamment, l’esthétique environnementale est devenue aujourd’hui un champ de la réflexion philosophique qui s’est clairement émancipé de l’esthétique artistique aussi bien que d’une conception subjectiviste de l’esthétique. Dans cet article je questionne d’abord le modèle cognitiviste de Carlson dans une perspective anthropologique et épistémologique, afin de montrer que la beauté de la nature, fût-elle épistémiquement objective, est insuffisante pour servir un argumentaire en faveur d’une protection de l’environnement. Je suggère que ce modèle doit être corrigé ou complété par une approche en 1 re personne, comme celle que propose la phénoménologie. Aussi bien l’esthétique de l’engagement d’Arnold Berleant qu’une esthétique de la médiance, inspirée de l’œuvre du géographe Augustin Berque, invitent à dépasser le dualisme épistémologique encore sous-jacent à l’esthétique objectiviste de Carlson. La perspective phénoménologique conduit finalement à revisiter l’esthétique acentrique du détachement de Stan Godlovitch. Le détachement ne signifie pas nécessairement un point de vue extérieur au monde ; on peut être détaché de l’intérieur du monde en étant au plus près de la présence de la nature elle-même. Une esthétique environnementale au service de la protection de l’environnement doit être une esthétique intégrale : elle doit recourir non seulement à la beauté de la nature dans une attitude de désintéressement, mais encore à son « habitabilité » dans une attitude d’engagement et à son mystère dans une attitude de détachement.
Le protectionnisme esthétique de Ned Hettinger
Authors: Afeissa Hicham-Stéphane
Published: May 2018

Nous nous proposons de présenter les fondements de la théorie d’esthétique environnementale que Ned Hettinger a développée sous le nom de « protectionnisme esthétique », en entendant par-là la théorie selon laquelle les considérations esthétiques fournissent par elles-mêmes une importante justification rationnelle aux entreprises de protection de l’environnement, sans être pour autant exclusives d’autres types d’argumentaires visant à atteindre le même objectif. Le protectionnisme esthétique est une théorie pluraliste qui s’efforce de réaliser une synthèse équilibrée des différents modèles d’esthétique environnementale avancés depuis le début des années 1970. Même si elle accorde un privilège à l’esthétique cognitive élaborée par Allen Carlson, puis développé par Holmes Rolston dans le cadre de sa propre philosophie, la théorie de Hettinger n’ignore pas les limites d’une telle approche et reconnaît expressément l’existence d’une multiplicité de réactions esthétiques légitimes à l’environnement, parmi lesquelles certaines apparaissent toutefois comme étant préférables à d’autres.
Pediatric Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Gagliardi Alexia G. , Albright Jay C.
Published: May 2018

The rate of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) ruptures diagnosed among the pediatric and adolescent population is increasing. The rise in ACL injuries may be attributed to earlier sports specialization, year-round sports participation, increased awareness, and improved ability to diagnose the injury. Treatment options for pediatric or adolescent ACL injuries include nonoperative conservative treatment, ACL repair, or various techniques for ACL reconstruction. The best course of treatment for ACL rupture in young patients continues to be debated. Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with autograft is currently the gold standard and has been shown to be successful in restoring joint stability. This article reviews predisposing factors, common mechanisms, diagnostic procedures, and treatments for ACL rupture in adolescent patients, with a focus on using quadriceps patellar tendon autograft. [
Orthopedics
. 2018; 41(3):129–134.]
Is Social Support Always Related to Stress Reduction in Nursing Home Residents? A Study in Leisure Contexts
Authors: Chang Liang-Chih
Published: May 2018

The current study examined the main and interaction effects of leisure self-determination and two leisure social support types (emotional and instrumental) on stress in nursing home residents. A total of 139 nursing home residents (mean age = 79.4 years) in Taichung City, Taiwan, were recruited. Data were collected using face-to-face surveys, which included measures of leisure self-determination, leisure emotional support, leisure instrumental support, and stress. Data were analyzed using a hierarchical regression analysis. Results indicated that leisure self-determination and leisure emotional support were significantly and negatively correlated with stress, whereas leisure instrumental support was not. Moreover, higher levels of leisure instrumental support decreased the relationship between leisure self-determination and stress reduction. Therefore, enhancing levels of leisure self-determination and leisure emotional support appears to be an effective means of reducing stress in nursing home residents. However, providing excessive leisure instrumental support to nursing home residents should be avoided.

[Res Gerontol Nurs. 2018; 11(4):174–180.]
Éditer des états textuels variants
Authors: Vauthier Bénédicte
Published: May 2018

Après avoir fait retour sur un cas concret d’édition, sont examinés ici quelques problèmes théoriques que soulève la pratique d’éditeur scientifique quand elle aborde le « texte » publié dans sa dimension processuelle. Il en va ainsi du choix de l’édition (quel état textuel privilégier ?), de l’auctorialité multiple (qui corrige ?), des modes d’intervention éditoriale mais aussi et surtout des rapports entre version et texte dans la phase éditoriale (qu’éditer ? que représenter et comment ?). Poursuivant une recherche de caractère comparatiste, on examine comment la génétique éditoriale française entre en dialogue avec les traditions philologiques européennes et anglo-américaines du texte moderne qui font une place à l’étude des « textes variants », problème qui est identifié comme étant celui des « redazioni plurime » (Cesare Segre) et circonscrit ici à la phase éditoriale. Dans la conclusion, on salue la mise en place d’une « poétique de transitions entre états » (Lebrave) et on dégage les atouts d’une réflexion théorique sur l’édition de textes de caractère international.
Advertising and Organization's Green Behavior
Authors: Mitu Augustin Constantin , Uta Daniela Steluta
Published: May 2018

Following the development of marketing theory concerning the policies in general, promotional policy has known an impressive development. Today, the practice fields professionals operating with relatively sophisticated notions and concepts, which are fine-tuned and pragmatic in terms of results. For example, it is significant that concepts such as rating and market share have already entered into ordinary language, including being properly understood by consumers covered. Annually large amounts of money for advertising are spent; almost all large companies allocate non-negligible amounts for such purposes. The launch of new brands is accompanied by consistent advertising and promotional campaigns conducted on multiple levels to cater to potential consumers with tangible and intangible components associated with the various products, services, or brands.
Approaches on Trends, Constraints, and Transformations of Romanian Organic Agrifood Market
Authors: Ladaru Georgiana-Raluca
Published: May 2018

In current economies, the organic agrifood markets have started to gain more proactive dimensions by volume, revenue, and demand. Analysing the trends, constraints, and transformations of Romanian organic agrifood market represents an actual research subject, which should be understood as a growing part of agricultural economics and marketing research. Starting from the general assumption that organic agrifood market represents a share of one percent and growing, the main aim of this chapter is to reveal the primary transformation and constraints from a multiperspective approach.
Agricultural Waste Management for Bioethanol Production
Authors: Priyanka Miss , Kumar Dileep , Shankar Uma , Yadav Anurag , Yadav Kusum
Published: May 2018

This chapter contends that bioethanol has received the most attention over other fuels due to less emission of greenhouse gases and production from renewable sources. It is mainly produced from sugar containing feedstocks. Since feedstocks are utilized as food for humans, its consumption in bioethanol production creates a food crisis for the entire world. Bioethanol derived from agriculture waste, which is most abundant at global level, is the best option. Agriculture wastes contain lignin, cellulose and hemicelluloses which creates hindrances during conversion to ethanol. Pretreatment of agriculture wastes remove lignin, hemicelluloses and then enzymatically hydrolyzed into sugars. Both pentose and hexose sugars are fermented to bioethanol. There are still various problems for developing an economically feasible technology but a major one is the resistance to degradation of the agricultural material. Use of two or more pretreatment methods for delignification and the use of genetically modified agricultural biomass can be developed for economically feasible ethanol production.
Anaerobic Digestion Enhancement With Microbial Electrolysis Cells
Authors: Vipond Ellie , Rahman Pattanathu K.S.M.
Published: May 2018

The engineering of replacements for crude oil is a priority within industrial biotechnology. Biogas, produced by anaerobic digestion (AD) during organic waste degradation, has been used for electricity generation and heating. Microbial electrolysis cells (MECs) are an emerging technology which when combined with AD can produce higher yields of such energy whilst simultaneously treating waste water and sludge. MECs are bioelectrochemical systems which utilize the metabolism of microbes to oxidize organics. The majority of the research has been focused on biohydrogen production, despite associated issues, which has resulted in poor commercialization prospects. Consequently, scientists are now suggesting that methane production should be the focus of MEC technology. This chapter presents lab research on the bioprocessing of biomethane using AD and MECs and addresses important issues, namely the lack of pilot-scale studies. Downstream processing techniques are discussed, as well as a novel suggestion of further utilising MECs in the purification process.
Increasing Health Literacy to Improve Clinical Trial Recruitment
Authors: Akhtar Saliha
Published: May 2018

Health literacy has been found to be linked to healthcare understanding and decision making. Therefore, it makes sense why individuals who do not understand clinical trials will be less likely to want to enroll in one. In fact, three major barriers found in the literature that prevent potential participants from enrolling in clinical trials include a distrust or negative perception, lack of understanding, and lack of accessible and affordable healthcare. Hence, there is a need to increase potential participants' healthcare understanding so that they can make the best healthcare decisions for themselves. Strategies suggested to help increase potential participants' health literacy include revising informed consent forms, utilizing culturally targeted statements, using a variety of material, and training investigative site personnel. These proposed strategies may help increase health literacy, which in turn could improve clinical trial recruitment. Furthermore, these strategies focus on different elements of health literacy and coupled together may bring the most improvement.
Reflections and Understanding of Quality Management in Healthcare
Authors: Ruffin T. Ray
Published: May 2018

Healthcare organizations (HCOs) leadership must be involved with patient safety inventiveness and healthcare strategy. Leadership is essential to implementing and sustaining continuous performance quality improvement for patient-centered care. Quality management is of extreme significance to the United States (U.S.) healthcare industry and patients. Included are an introduction and background of the U.S. healthcare systems as well as the joint commission and government mandates. One of the primary focuses of the chapter is to enhance health literacy by developing a robust lexicon of fundamental healthcare terms and concepts. Healthcare reforms such as Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) are explored. The quality of healthcare delivery, involuntary reporting, patient safety indicators (PSIs), prevention quality indicators (PQIs), and inpatient quality indicators (IQIs) are explained. The chapter culminates with a discussion focusing on transformational leadership and the strategies for quality management implementation, along with a conclusion.
Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices of Primary and Secondary School Teachers on Specific Learning Disorder
Authors: Jayachandran Nandini , Iype Mary , Suresh Poovathinal Azhakan , Vinod Divya
Published: May 2018

Early identification of Specific Learning Disorder (SLD) is essential not only for effective remediation of their problems but would also prevent the problems from aggravating. The role of general education teachers in early identification becomes crucial, as they are the ones who first identify the academic and behavioral issues of school children. The main aims of the study are to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and current practices pertaining to SLD, among pre-primary, primary, and secondary school teachers in public schools from Trivandrum, India, to find whether there exists any relation between years of teaching experience and awareness on SLD and to assess the effect of a short-term training program on the knowledge, attitude, and practices of school teachers. In conclusion, short-term training programs of a multi-disciplinary nature are found to be effective in bringing about improvements with both pre-primary and primary teacher's knowledge factor, but such training is maximally beneficial for improving attitude and practice of teachers in the primary level.
Dysphagia in Persons With Communication Disorders
Authors: Krishnan Gayathri , Goswami S. P.
Published: May 2018

Dysphagia (swallowing disorders) is any difficulty in swallowing that interferes with safe and adequate intake of nutrition and hydration requirements in an individual. It may present itself as a symptom of another underlying medical condition or as a consequence of surgical and pharmacological treatment. While in few, dysphagia resolves itself as a transient phase; in the rest, dysphagia demands immediate treatment. It may be seen as an associated dysfunction in persons with communication disorders (PsWCD) as speech and swallowing functions share many neuro-musculo-skeletal structures at the oral, pharyngeal, and laryngeal level along with their central control processes. This chapter aims at introducing the readers to the signs and symptoms of dysphagia in PsWCD. This is expected to guide the team of professionals working with PsWCDin identification and making appropriate referrals to the concerned professional for effective intervention. This further can accelerate the progress and prognosis of PsWCD towards improved health, development, and quality of life.
Assessment of Cognitive-Communicative Functions in Persons With Mild Cognitive Impairment and Dementia of Alzheimer's Type
Authors: Varghese Reuben Thomas , Goswami S. P.
Published: May 2018

According to world population prospects data report, older individuals, especially those aged 60 years and above, have increased substantially over the recent year, which is going to accelerate in the coming decades. The most common problems the aging population faces are dementia of the Alzheimer's type (DAT) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Assessment of cognitive-communicative markers is essential for persons with MCI and DAT. Furthermore, it can help in the differential diagnosis of DAT and MCI. Proper assessment by speech-language pathologists is warranted in this area as it will throw light on the differential diagnosis of MCI and DAT, the clinical description of the characteristics between the two clinical groups, the prognosis for improved outcomes, recommendations for intervention and support, and referral for other professionals for assessments or services.
Selective Mutism
Authors: Kriti Charu
Published: May 2018

Selective mutism is a disorder that is characterized by a failure to speak in certain social settings, like the school, while speaking normally in other settings, like home. The settings in which the failure to speak occur are those where speech is expected from the individual. It is a disorder that onsets in childhood, and if left untreated, may go well into adolescence. For a very long time, this disorder has been overlooked and understudied. Though rare, the disorder may pose a potential threat to the social and academic development of a child suffering from it. The DSM-5 has classified selective mutism as an anxiety disorder. The present chapter intends to cover the psychosocial approach to the disorder, the diagnostic criteria, the etiology, the treatment of the disorder, and the management by respective caregivers. An analysis of case studies has also been given in the chapter.
The Learning Style of Gamers
Authors: Jurado Francisco , Rodriguez Pilar
Published: May 2018

The use of gamification has shown to be an interesting approach to engage users in MOOCs. In this context, different game strategies, elements, and mechanics are applied to help to improve the teaching/learning process. When designing teaching/learning methods, teachers must take into account both gamification techniques and learning styles in order to encourage students and to improve their learning performance, respectively. However, while applying gamification and at the same time keep taking into account the corresponding learning styles, we may find some kinds of incompatibilities. Thus, what this chapter covers is the conducted experimental analysis aimed at exploring the viability of merging gamer's profiles and learning styles in a single multidimensional user profile. The obtained results expose that, with this approach, we are able to identify groups of students so that, while designing teaching/learning methods, we can take into account both learning styles to improve the learning performance and gamification techniques to motivate and encourage the student.
Microfinance, Micro-Entrepreneurial Activities Through Self-Help Groups, and Socio-Economic Empowerment of Women
Authors: Mukhopadhyay Partha , Sinha Madhabendra , Chaudhury Anjan Ray , Sengupta Partha Pratim
Published: May 2018

The chapter attempts to analyze the impact of microfinance and micro-entrepreneurial activities of women through self-help groups (SHGs) on their socio-economic empowerment. Empirically applauded Logit model has been employed for analyzing the socio-economic impacts using primary data collected from a primary survey conducted in selected rural blocks of Burdwan district of West Bengal, India. Participation of women in the household decision-making process and income and employment generation activities are found to be significant factors in this regard. Finally, the study suggests that training of SHGs to non-members, increase in loan amount from banks, and effective utilization of that loan promote women's empowerment as well as employment.
Microfinance and Rural Entrepreneurship in Mexico
Authors: Vargas-Hernández José G. , Bhattacharjee Kinkini
Published: May 2018

One of the popular policies for rural entrepreneurships in Mexico is the Program for Women in the Agricultural Sector, or PROMUSAG, whose objective is to contribute to the generation of employment and income of women entrepreneurs with 18 years or more living in agrarian centers by funding and training for implementation of productive projects. The aim of the chapter is to analyze the case of a joint venture stage to determine the successes and failures to undertake this business based on the theory of resources and skills of entrepreneurship and business in general and budget study of PROMUSAG in particular. The analysis concludes that the empirical knowledge of entrepreneurs in this case were not sufficient to direct the business to success, and structured knowledge strongly directed towards the non-permanence on the market is still lacking to serve the targeted population. However, based on CONEVAL Report, we can say something about the increase in women empowerment as far as the budget program is concerned.
Environmental Efficiency Analysis of Bus Transport in Italy
Authors: Alfiero Simona , Cane Massimo , Doronzo Ruggiero , Esposito Alfredo
Published: May 2018

Urban public transport seeks the mobility of citizens within the municipal area, and it is a service whose importance is on the increase as a consequence of the ever more dynamic changes in life and work. This chapter analyzes companies that provided services for Italian cities in 2010, estimating the environmental efficiency for the service, using DEA (data envelopment analysis) technique. In the Italian context, both large enterprises and SMEs operate, and this study compares whether the differences in efficiency levels can be explained in terms of the type of company.
Entrepreneurial Orientation and Family Influence Factors for Sustainable Small Business
Authors: Civera Chiara , Cortese Damiano , Fiandrino Simona
Published: May 2018

This chapter addresses the issue of sustainability in small family firms, considering the relation between entrepreneurial orientation and family influence factors. The literature describes positive links between small firms and sustainability outlining their power in spreading good practices. Furthermore, the role of family is crucial to strengthen such intrinsic links. The aim of this study is to first demonstrate the influence that family factors play on entrepreneurial orientation and, second, highlight how factors and orientations shape small family firms' sustainable approach. The study employs a case-based method, illustrating a peculiar case: the leading Italian small family-owned craft beer producer Baladin. It provides fertile ground for the development of functioning as a learning process and being replicable in smaller firms. It also highlights the relevance of family culture even when an entrepreneur engages in a countertrend against his usual family path, by undermining the traditional family business but maintaining a local commitment to sustainable outcomes.
Modern Approaches for Organizational Dynamism
Authors: Dülger Meral
Published: May 2018

This chapter primarily provides a thorough account of what the process perspective encompasses to address the attention that business processes perspective in today's postmodern organizations attracts. It exhibits how organizations designed around business processes are able to become more agile, competitive, dynamic, flexible, and adaptable to constantly shifting market realities. Accordingly, this chapter also covers the underlying logic behind business process orientation (BPO) as a comprehensive view of the process perspective. As BPO is thought to offer an integrated approach that encompasses structures of the organizations, their information technology systems and strategies, it is considered to possess qualities that will continuously create value for the global market.
Diversity Management Interventions for Enhancing Competitive Advantage
Authors: Narayana Alamuri Surya
Published: May 2018

Diversity and diversity management is a new organizational paradigm and a business imperative. We already have a vast and rich literature base on these two. Many and varied empirical findings are also available from earlier qualitative and quantitative research studies. An attempt is made in this chapter (1) to examine various theoretical concepts and constructs used in diversity and diversity management, (2) to come up with a synthesis of management research and current literature on diversity and diversity management, (3) to develop a theoretical framework, and (4) to suggest directions for future research as well. This chapter lists some of the challenges faced by firms, the major issues to be addressed, potential research directions, and themes in the Indian context before finally coming up with a conceptual model detailing the antecedents and consequences of diversity and diversity management.
Identification of thermo-mechanical fatigue fracture location by transient thermal analysis for high-temperature operating SiC power module assembled with ZnAl eutectic solder
Authors: Kato Fumiki , Takahashi Hiroki , Tanisawa Hidekazu , Koui Kenichi , Sato Shinji , Murakami Yoshinori , Nakagawa Hiroshi , Yamaguchi Hiroshi , Sato Hiroshi
Published: May 2018

In this paper, we demonstrate that the structural degradation of a silicon carbide (SiC) power module corresponding to thermal cycles can be detected and tracked non-destructively by transient thermal analysis method. The purpose of this evaluation is to analyze the distribution of the thermal resistance in the power module and to identify the structure deterioration part. The power module with SiC-MOSFET were assembled using ZnAl eutectic solder as device under test. The individual thermal resistance of each part such as the SiC-die, the die-attachment, the AMCs, and the baseplate was successfully evaluated by analyzing the structure function graph. A series of thermal cycle test between −40 and 250°C was conducted, and the power modules were evaluated their thermal resistance taken out from thermal cycle test machine at 100, 200, 500 and 1000 cycles. We confirmed the increase in thermal resistance between AMCs and base plate in each thermal cycle. The portion where the thermal resistance increased is in good agreement with the location of the structural defect observed by scanning acoustic tomography (SAT) observation.
Highly Reliable Pressure-Less Silver Sintering Joints
Authors: Chen Sihai , Shambach William , LaBarbera Christine , Lee Ning-Cheng
Published: May 2018

Pressure-less silver sintering pastes with high reliability tested by temperature cycling test (TCT) under −40°C to 175°C were developed. The silver joints formed between Si die and Si3N4 active metal brazing (AMB) substrate can survive at least 1500 cycles without decrease in shear strength. In contrast, the strength of reference solders decreases to 62% to 86% of their initial values. The optimized silver joints can achieve average total void% of <1.3% and maximum single void% of <0.3%. Die tilt angle can be controlled within < 0.3°. Failure mode analysis of the joints reveals that during TCT in the bulk phase, silver sintering continues resulting in the formation of larger grain and pore size; while at the interface, the adhesion strength at the silver-substrate interface was gradually enhanced as compared to that at the silver-Si interface. Temperature cycling makes the adhesion strength at both interfaces more balanced accounting for the constant shear strength. SEM cross-section shows that for the as-sintered sample the porosity within the joint is not evenly distributed; the center area normally has a low porosity of < 4%, while at the edge there is a higher porosity of 18% to 24%. The average total porosity of the joint is ~ 13%. This value does not change after 800 cycles of TCT, but increases to 19% at 1500 cycles. The effect of TCT on the joints under conditions such as different surface finished substrate, varied bond line thickness and Si die size was also studied.
New Capacitance Sensor Performance
Authors: Andrew David
Published: May 2018

Thermal gradients in pressure transducers and transmitters often cause the output to deviate from the calibrated accuracy and persist until the temperature gradient across the device diminishes. Thermal gradients can be caused by gas pockets in the well, wireline activities, well testing, and injection events, among other common activities. Rosemount Specialty Products (Paine) has implemented a sensor technology that exhibits extremely low thermal transient error in comparison to the industry leading technologies. The sensor is comprised of a single crystal that incorporates a sensitive to pressure capacitor and a reference capacitor. The material of the sensor is insensitive to temperature effects and the direct thermal coupling of the reference allows for faster correction of any remaining errors. Packaging and electronics schemes have been developed for 175°C operation and testing. The electronics were designed to reduce added thermal error, using self-calibrating gain and offset techniques, as well as incorporating an onboard microcontroller to correct residual changes in the output from temperature. Opportunities exist for future development of higher temperatures electronics, as the sensor is capable of more than 300°C. Novel packaging methods were developed to prevent additional errors caused by stress gradients, outgassing, thermoelectric, decomposition, and migration effects. This paper covers thermal transient testing against both a quartz crystal based sensor and a strain based sensor. Paine's new sensor technology exhibits less thermal error, while maintaining accuracy and stability capability similar to industry standards. A new product, 420-22-0010, is slated to be released this year based on this newly developed technology.
Revisiting Transthyretin Related Cardiac Amyloidosis: Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Sharma Munish , Koman Eduard , Ledley Gary S. , Cho Sung-Hae
Published: May 2018

Amyloidosis is a complex group of disorders that can involve many organs and cause their dysfunction. Cardiac involvement indicates worse prognosis and influences treatment strategies. Cardiac amyloidosis is an under-diagnosed entity and high index of clinical suspicion and careful interpretation of basic diagnostic tools such as electrocardiogram and echocardiography is needed for early detection. Congestive heart failure due to restrictive pattern and/or conduction system abnormality, in absence of coronary artery disease should raise suspicion. We present a case of transthyretin related cardiac amyloidosis and discuss the key clinical and diagnostic findings along with review of existing literature regarding its management and outcomes.
El Camino de Santiago. Localización y movimiento, causa y finalidad, características y estados
Authors: Asensio Matilde
Published: May 2018

No abstract
Learning verb inflection using Cilenis conjugators
Authors: Gamallo Pablo , García Marcos , González Isaac , Muñoz Marta , Del Río Iria
Published: May 2018

No abstract
Governing authorities in the same boat and a tale of two schedules: Marius Nel v Hessequa Local Municipality (2015)
Authors: Du Plessis Anél , Fuo Oliver
Published: May 2018

This article responds to the tension inherent in the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa 1996 which lists ‘the environment’ proper as a function of national and provincial government. The authors discuss one of the arguments raised in the recently decided case of Marius Nel and Others v Hessequa Local Municipality and Others (2015) with particular emphasis on what the court’s reasoning adds to the growing body of jurisprudence on local government’s authority to govern environmental matters and the need for cooperative environmental governance in the South African context. The article features an overview of the relevant facts and findings in the Hessequa case, followed by a discussion of the implications of the court’s judgment.
Short-term fate of intertidal microphytobenthos carbon under enhanced nutrient availability: a 13C pulse-chase experiment
Authors: Riekenberg Philip M. , Oakes Joanne M. , Eyre Bradley D.
Published: May 2018

Abstract. Shallow coastal waters in many regions are subject to nutrient enrichment.
Microphytobenthos (MPB) can account for much of the carbon (C) fixation in
these environments, depending on the depth of the water column, but the
effect of enhanced nutrient availability on the processing and fate of
MPB-derived C (MPB-C) is relatively unknown. In this study, MPB was labeled
(stable isotope enrichment) in situ using 13C-sodium bicarbonate. The
processing and fate of the newly fixed MPB-C was then traced using ex situ
incubations over 3.5 days under different concentrations of nutrients
(NH4+ and PO43-: ambient, 2× ambient, 5×
ambient, and 10× ambient). After 3.5 days, sediments incubated with
increased nutrient concentrations (amended treatments) had increased loss of
13C from sediment organic matter (OM) as a
portion of initial uptake (95 % remaining in ambient vs. 79–93 % for
amended treatments) and less 13C in MPB (52 % ambient, 26–49 %
amended), most likely reflecting increased turnover of MPB-derived C
supporting increased production of extracellular enzymes and storage
products. Loss of MPB-derived C to the water column via dissolved organic C
(DOC) was minimal regardless of treatment (0.4–0.6 %). Loss due to
respiration was more substantial, with effluxes of dissolved inorganic C
(DIC) increasing with additional nutrient availability (4 % ambient,
6.6–19.8 % amended). These shifts resulted in a decreased turnover time
for algal C (419 days ambient, 134–199 days amended). This suggests that
nutrient enrichment of estuaries may ultimately lead to decreased retention
of carbon within MPB-dominated sediments.
Mapping Disaster Risk Reduction and Climate Change Adaptation: progress in South Africa
Authors: Storie Judith M.
Published: May 2018

Abstract. Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and Climate Change Adaptation (CCA) strategies in Africa are on the increase. South Africa is no different, and a number of strategies have seen the light in aid of reducing disaster risk and adapting to cli-mate change. The DRR and CCA processes include the mapping of location and extent of known and potential hazards, vulnerable communities and environments, and opportunities that may exist to manage these risks. However, the mapping of often fast-changing urban and rural spaces in a standardized manner presents challenges that relate to processes, scales of data capture, level of detail recorded, software and compatibility related to data formats and net-works, human resources skills and understanding, as well as differences in approaches to the nature in which the map-ping processes are executed and spatial data is managed. As a result, projects and implementation of strategies that re-late to the use of such data is affected, and the success of activities based on the data may therefore be uncertain. This paper investigates data custodianship and data categories that is processed and managed across South Africa. It explores the process and content management of disaster risk and climate change related information and defines the challenges that exist in terms of governance. The paper also comments on the challenges and potential solutions for the situation as it gives rise to varying degrees of accuracy, effectiveness for use, and applicability of the spatial data available to affect DRR and improve the value of CCA programmes in the region.
Chilean geo client application for disasters
Authors: Suárez Rodrigo F. , Lovison Lucia , Potters Martinus
Published: May 2018

Abstract. The global network of the Group on Earth Observation, GEO, connects all kinds of professionals from public and private institutions with data providers, sharing information to face the challenges of global changes and human development and they are creating a Global Earth Observation System of Systems (GEOSS) to connect existing data infrastructures. A GEOSS Architecture Implementation Pilot Project for Disasters in Chile (AIP-8) was created as part of a capacity building initiative and representatives of different national agencies in Chile, along with international experts, formed a GEOSS Capacity Building Working Group (Lovison et al, 2016). Consistent with the objectives of GEOSS AIP-8 Chile, we developed and implemented a prototype service based on web services, mobile applications and other communication channels, which allows connecting different sources of information, aiming to reduce population vulnerability to natural disasters such as: earthquakes, flooding, wild fires and tsunamis, which is presented here. The GEO Chile client application is a JavaScript application using GEODAB brokering services, GIS technology and disaster information provided by national and international disaster services, including public and private organizations, where cartography becomes fundamental as a tool to provide realism and ubiquity to the information. Seven hotpots are targeted: Calbuco, Copahue and Villarrica volcanoes areas, Valparaíso city, which is frequently a victim of wildfires in the zone where population meets forest and Iquique, Illapel and Talcahuano, areas frequently struck by earthquakes and tsunamis.
Theoretical Foundations of Study of Cartography
Authors: Talhofer Václav , Hošková-Mayerová Šárka
Published: May 2018

Abstract. Cartography and geoinformatics are technical-based fields which deal with modelling and visualization of landscape in the form of a map. The theoretical foundation is necessary to obtain during study of cartography and geoinformatics based mainly on mathematics. For the given subjects, mathematics is necessary for understanding of many procedures that are connected to modelling of the Earth as a celestial body, to ways of its projection into a plane, to methods and procedures of modelling of landscape and phenomena in society and visualization of these models in the form of electronic as well as classic paper maps. Not only general mathematics, but also its extension of differential geometry of curves and surfaces, ways of approximation of lines and surfaces of functional surfaces, mathematical statistics and multi-criterial analyses seem to be suitable and necessary. Underestimation of the significance of mathematical education in cartography and geoinformatics is inappropriate and lowers competence of cartographers and professionals in geographic information science and technology to solve problems.
Big data; sensor networks and remotely-sensed data for mapping; feature extraction from lidar
Authors: Tlhabano Lorato
Published: May 2018

Abstract. Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) can be used for mapping in the close range domain, combining aerial and terrestrial photogrammetry and now the emergence of affordable platforms to carry these technologies has opened up new opportunities for mapping and modeling cadastral boundaries. At the current state mainly low cost UAVs fitted with sensors are used in mapping projects with low budgets, the amount of data produced by the UAVs can be enormous hence the need for big data techniques’ and concepts. The past couple of years have witnessed the dramatic rise of low-cost UAVs fitted with high tech Lidar sensors and as such the UAVS have now reached a level of practical reliability and professionalism which allow the use of these systems as mapping platforms. UAV based mapping provides not only the required accuracy with respect to cadastral laws and policies as well as requirements for feature extraction from the data sets and maps produced, UAVs are also competitive to other measurement technologies in terms of economic aspects. In the following an overview on how the various technologies of UAVs, big data concepts and lidar sensor technologies can work together to revolutionize cadastral mapping particularly in Africa and as a test case Botswana in particular will be used to investigate these technologies. These technologies can be combined to efficiently provide cadastral mapping in difficult to reach areas and over large areas of land similar to the Land Administration Procedures, Capacity and Systems (LAPCAS) exercise which was recently undertaken by the Botswana government, we will show how the uses of UAVS fitted with lidar sensor and utilizing big data concepts could have reduced not only costs and time for our government but also how UAVS could have provided more detailed cadastral maps.
Impressionist Landscape Cartography
Authors: Todd Stella W.
Published: May 2018

Abstract. Cartography helps to show us the world in which we reside by providing us a framework to explore space. We can select myriad themes to represent what is relevant to our lives: physical characteristics, human behaviors, hazards, opportunities. Themes are represented on a continuum between real-world images and pure abstractions. How we define cartography and what we expect from it changes with society and technology. We are now inundated with data but we still struggle with expressing our personal geographic experiences through cartography. In this age of information we have become more cognizant of our individual experience of place and our need to determine our own paths and therefore create our own maps. In order to reflect our journey we can add individual details to cartographic products or generalize information to concentrate on what is meaningful to us. Since time and space are interrelated we experience geography by viewing the landscape as changing scenes over time. This experience is both spatial and temporal since we experience geography by moving through space. Experiencing each scene is a separate event. This paper expands the personalization of maps to include our impressions of the travel experience. Rather than add art to cartography it provides geographic reference to art. It explores the use of a series of quick sketches drawn while traveling along roads using a single drawing pad to produce a time series of interpreted landscapes. With the use of geographic time stamps from global positioning systems these sketches are converted from a drawing to a map documenting the path of movement. Although the map scale varies between sketch entries each scene impression can be linked to one or more maps of consistent scale. The result is an artistic piece that expresses a dynamic geographic experience that can be viewed in conjunction with more traditional maps. Unlike mental maps which are constructed from memory, these maps reflect our direct impressions of the landscape. The use of art can help us convey our experience.
Magrit: a new thematic cartography tool
Authors: Viry Matthieu , Giraud Timothée , Lambert Nicolas
Published: May 2018

Abstract. The article provides an overview of the features of the Magrit web application: a free online thematic mapping tool, presenting a strong pedagogical dimension and making possible to mobilize all the elements necessary for the realization of a thematic map. In this tool, several simple modes of representation are proposed such as proportional maps or choropleth maps. Other, more complex modes are also available such as smoothed maps and cartograms. Each map can be finalized thanks to layout and customization features (projection, scale, orientation, toponyms, etc.) and exported in vector format. Magrit is therefore a complete, light and versatile tool particularly adapted to cartography teaching at the university.
A Novel Method for Reconstructing Broken Contour Lines Extracted from Scanned Topographic Maps
Authors: Wang Feng , Liu Pingzhi , Yang Yun , Wei Haiping , An Xiaoya
Published: May 2018

Abstract. It is known that after segmentation and morphological operations on scanned topographic maps, gaps occur in contour lines. It is also well known that filling these gaps and reconstruction of contour lines with high accuracy and completeness is not an easy problem. In this paper, a novel method is proposed dedicated in automatic or semiautomatic filling up caps and reconstructing broken contour lines in binary images. The key part of end points’ auto-matching and reconnecting is deeply discussed after introducing the procedure of reconstruction, in which some key algorithms and mechanisms are presented and realized, including multiple incremental backing trace to get weighted average direction angle of end points, the max constraint angle control mechanism based on the multiple gradient ranks, combination of weighted Euclidean distance and deviation angle to determine the optimum matching end point, bidirectional parabola control, etc. Lastly, experimental comparisons based on typically samples are complemented between proposed method and the other representative method, the results indicate that the former holds higher accuracy and completeness, better stability and applicability.
A Generalization Strategy for Discrete Area Feature by Using Stroke Grouping and Polarization Transportation Selection
Authors: Wang Xiao , Burghardt Dirk
Published: May 2018

Abstract. This paper presents a new strategy for the generalization of discrete area features by using stroke grouping method and polarization transportation selection. The mentioned stroke is constructed on derive of the refined proximity graph of area features, and the refinement is under the control of four constraints to meet different grouping requirements. The area features which belong to the same stroke are detected into the same group. The stroke-based strategy decomposes the generalization process into two sub-processes by judging whether the area features related to strokes or not. For the area features which belong to the same one stroke, they normally present a linear like pat-tern, and in order to preserve this kind of pattern, typification is chosen as the operator to implement the generalization work. For the remaining area features which are not related by strokes, they are still distributed randomly and discretely, and the selection is chosen to conduct the generalization operation. For the purpose of retaining their original distribution characteristic, a Polarization Transportation (PT) method is introduced to implement the selection operation. Buildings and lakes are selected as the representatives of artificial area feature and natural area feature respectively to take the experiments. The generalized results indicate that by adopting this proposed strategy, the original distribution characteristics of building and lake data can be preserved, and the visual perception is pre-served as before.