bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effect of nutritional support on nutritional status and quality of life as well as on inflammatory markers and cardiac functions in patients with cardiac cachexia due to chronic heart failure
Authors: Çelik Mukadder Levent , Çelik Suzan , Özmen Şentürk Bahar , Büyükdemir Serpil , Akpınar Timur Selçuk , Erten Nilgün , Taşçıoğlu Cemil , Saka Bülent
Published: July 2019

Objective: Cardiac cachexia (CC) is defined as a loss of at least 6% of total body weight in 6 months due to chronic heart failure (CHF). The prevalence of CC in patients with NYHA class II-IV is estimated to be approximately 12%-15%. There are only a few studies that demonstrate the effects of malnutrition treatment on nutrition, physical activity, quality of life (QoL), and clinical course of the disease. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of nutrition treatment on anthropometric measurements, fat free mass (FFM), muscle strength, physical performance, and QoL together with cardiac functions and immunity in patients with CC.
Method: This was a prospective clinical intervention study. Patients with NYHA stage II-IV CHF (n=725) followed-up in Internal Medicine and Cardiology Departments were screened for CC. Eighteen patients with CC were enrolled in the study. The control group included 18 healthy adults. Nutritional status assessment, anthropometric measurements, gait speed, muscle strength, bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA Tanita, Japan), biochemical analyses, and cytokine measurements were performed. Cardiac functions were assessed by echocardiography. Nutrition support treatment was given to patients with CC, and they were followed-up for next 3 months. QoL was measured with “Ferrans and Powers” Quality of Life Index (cardiac version). Similar studies were repeated after follow-up.
Results: After excluding all other reasons for cachexia, the prevalence of CC was 2.5% in our patients with CHF. The patients with CC had higher serum C-Reactive Protein (CRP) and IL-6 levels than the healthy controls. After nutrition support treatment, the QoL scores and visceral fat level significantly increased in patients with CC. Although mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC), handgrip strength, FFM, fat mass, and serum albumin levels increased, they were not statistically significant.
Conclusion: When compared to previous studies, our CC prevalence rate was lower. Nutrition support therapy can reverse weight loss in patients with CC, which can also improve QoL. An important limitation to the study is the low number of patients that is related with the exclusion criteria regarding every type of inflammatory disease, acute medical problems, and cancer. Therefore, further studies with more patients are needed.
Dissolved inorganic nitrogen in a tropical estuary in Malaysia: transport and transformation
Authors: Jiang Shan , Müller Moritz , Jin Jie , Wu Ying , Zhu Kun , Zhang Guosen , Mujahid Aazani , Rixen Tim , Muhamad Mohd Fakharuddin , Sia Edwin Sien Aun , Jang Faddrine Holt Ajon , Zhang Jing
Published: July 2019

Abstract. Dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN), including nitrate,
nitrite and ammonium, frequently acts as the limitation for primary
productivity. Our study focused on the transport and transformation of DIN
in a tropical estuary, i.e., the Rajang River estuary, in Borneo, Malaysia.
Three cruises were conducted in August 2016 and February–March and September 2017, covering both dry and wet seasons. Before entering the coastal delta,
decomposition of the terrestrial organic matter and the subsequent soil
leaching was assumed to be the main source of DIN in the river water. In the
estuary, decomposition of dissolved organic nitrogen was an additional DIN
source, which markedly increased DIN concentrations in August 2016 (dry
season). In the wet season (February 2017), ammonium concentrations showed a
relatively conservative distribution during the mixing, and the nitrate
addition was weak. La Niña events induced high precipitations and
discharge rates, decreased reaction intensities of ammonification and
nitrification. Hence similar distribution patterns of DIN species in the
estuary were found in September 2017 (end of the dry season). The magnitude of
riverine DIN flux varied between 77.2 and 101.5 t N d−1, which might
be an important support for the coastal primary productivity.
Reviews and syntheses: Insights into deep-sea food webs and global environmental gradients revealed by stable isotope (δ15N, δ13C) and fatty acid trophic biomarkers
Authors: Parzanini Camilla , Parrish Christopher C. , Hamel Jean-François , Mercier Annie
Published: July 2019

Abstract. Biochemical markers developed initially for food-web
studies of terrestrial and shallow-water environments have only recently
been applied to deep-sea ecosystems (i.e., in the early 2000s). For the first
time since their implementation, this review took a close look at the
existing literature in the field of deep-sea trophic ecology to synthesize
current knowledge. Furthermore, it provided an opportunity for a preliminary
analysis of global geographic (i.e., latitudinal, along a depth gradient)
trends in the isotopic (δ15N, δ13C) and fatty acid
composition of deep-sea macro- and megafauna from heterotrophic systems.
Results revealed significant relationships along the latitudinal and
bathymetric gradients. Deep-sea animals sampled at temperate and polar
latitudes displayed lower isotopic ratios and greater proportions of
essential ω3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs) than
did tropical counterparts. Furthermore, δ15N and δ13C ratios as well as proportions of arachidonic acid increased with
increasing depth. Since similar latitudinal trends in the isotopic and fatty
acid composition were found in surface water phytoplankton and particulate
organic matter, these results highlight the link across latitudes between
surface primary production and deep-water communities. Because global
climate change may affect quantity and quality (e.g., levels of essential
ω3 PUFAs) of surface primary productivity, and by extension those of
its downward flux, the dietary intake of deep-sea organisms may likely be
altered. In addition, because essential ω3 PUFAs play a major role in
the response to temperature variations, climate change may interfere with
the ability of deep-sea species to cope with potential temperature shifts.
Importantly, methodological disparities were highlighted that prevented
in-depth analyses, indicating that further studies should be conducted using
standardized methods in order to generate more reliable global predictions.
Soil carbon release responses to long-term versus short-term climatic warming in an arid ecosystem
Authors: Yu Hongying , Xu Zhenzhu , Zhou Guangsheng , Shou Yao
Published: July 2019

Abstract. Climate change severely impacts grassland carbon cycling, especially in arid ecosystems, such as desert steppes. However, little is known about the responses of soil respiration (Rs) to different warming magnitudes and watering pulses in situ in desert steppes. To examine their effects on Rs, we conducted long-term moderate warming, short-term acute warming and watering field experiments in a desert grassland of Northern China. While experimental warming significantly reduced Rs by 32.5 % and 40.8 % under long-term and moderate and short-term and acute warming regimes, respectively, watering pulses stimulated it substantially. Warming did not change the exponential relationship between Rs and soil temperature, whereas the relationship of Rs with soil water content (SWC) was well fitted to the Gompertz function. The soil features were not significantly affected by either long-term or short-term warming regimes, respectively; however, soil organic carbon content tended to decrease with long-term climatic warming. This indicates that soil carbon release responses strongly depend on the duration and magnitude of climatic warming, which may be driven by SWC and soil temperature. The results of this study highlight the great dependence of soil carbon emission on warming regimes of different durations and the important role of precipitation pulse during growing season in assessing the terrestrial ecosystem carbon balance and cycle.
A 16-year dataset (2000–2015) of high-resolution (3 hour, 10 km) global surface
solar radiation
Authors: Tang Wenjun , Yang Kun , Qin Jun , Li Xin , Niu Xiaolei
Published: July 2019

Abstract. The recent release of the International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project (ISCCP) HXG cloud products and new ERA5 reanalysis data enabled us to produce a global surface solar radiation (SSR) dataset: a 16-year (2000–2015) high-resolution (3 h, 10 km) global SSR dataset with an improved physical parameterization scheme. The main inputs were cloud optical depth from ISCCP-HXG cloud products, the water vapor, surface pressure and ozone from ERA5 reanalysis data, and albedo and aerosol from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) products. The estimated SSR data was evaluated against surface observations measured at 42 stations of the Baseline Surface Radiation Network (BSRN) and 90 radiation stations of the China Meteorological Administration (CMA). Validation against the BSRN data indicated that the mean bias error (MBE), root mean square error (RMSE) and correlation coefficient (R) for the instantaneous SSR estimate at 10 km scale were −11.5 W m−2, 113.5 W m−2, and 0.92, respectively. The error was clearly reduced when the data were upscaled to 90 km; RMSE decreased to 93.4 W m−2 and R increased to 0.95. For daily SSR estimates at 90 km scale, the MBE, RMSE and R at the BSRN were −5.8 W m−2, 33.1 W m−2 and 0.95, respectively. These error metrics at the CMA radiation stations were 2.1 W m−2, 26.9 W m−2 and 0.95, respectively. Comparisons with other global satellite radiation products indicated that our SSR estimates were generally better than those of the ISCCP flux dataset (ISCCP-FD), the global energy and water cycle experiment surface radiation budget (GEWEX-SRB), and the Earth's Radiant Energy System (CERES). Our SSR dataset will contribute to the land-surface process simulations and the photovoltaic applications in the future. The data set is available at https://doi.org/10.11888/Meteoro.tpdc.270112 (Tang, 2019).
A Maximum Entropy Production Evaporation – Transpiration Product for Australia
Authors: Abiodun Olanrewaju , Batelaan Okke , Guan Huade , Wang Jingfeng
Published: July 2019

Abstract. The aim of this research is to develop evaporation and transpiration products for Australia based on the maximum entropy production model (MEP). We introduce a method into the MEP algorithm of estimating the required model parameters over the entire Australia through the use of pedotransfer function, soil properties and remotely sensed soil moisture data. Our algorithm calculates the evaporation and transpiration over Australia on daily timescales at the 5 km2 resolution for 2003–2013. The MEP evapotranspiration (ET) estimates are validated using observed ET data from 20 Eddy Covariance (EC) flux towers across 8 land cover types in Australia. We also compare the MEP ET at the EC flux towers with two other ET products over Australia; MOD16 and AWRA-L products. The MEP model outperforms the MOD16 and AWRA-L across the 20 EC flux sites, with average root mean square errors (RMSE), 8.21, 9.87 and 9.22 mm/8 days respectively. The average mean absolute error (MAE) for the MEP, MOD16 and AWRA-L are 6.21, 7.29 and 6.52 mm/8 days, the average correlations are 0.64, 0.57 and 0.61, respectively. The percentage Bias of the MEP ET was within 20 % of the observed ET at 12 of the 20 EC flux sites while the MOD16 and AWRA-L ET were within 20 % of the observed ET at 4 and 10 sites respectively. Our analysis shows that evaporation and transpiration contribute 38 % and 62 %, respectively, to the total ET across the study period which includes a significant part of the “millennium drought” period (2003–2009) in Australia. The data (Abiodun et al., 2019) is available at https://doi.org/10.25901/5ce795d313db8.
Chlorine-36∕beryllium-10 burial dating of alluvial fan sediments associated with the Mission Creek strand of the San Andreas Fault system, California, USA
Authors: Balco Greg , Blisniuk Kimberly , Hidy Alan
Published: July 2019

Abstract. We apply cosmogenic-nuclide burial dating using the 36Cl-in-K-feldspar∕10Be-in-quartz pair in fluvially transported granitoid clasts to determine the age of alluvial sediment displaced by the Mission Creek strand of the San Andreas Fault in southern California. Because the half-lives of 36Cl and 10Be are more different than those of the commonly used 26Al∕10Be pair, 36Cl∕10Be burial dating should be applicable to sediments in the range ca. 0.2–0.5 Ma, which is too young to be accurately dated with the 26Al∕10Be pair, and should be more precise for Middle and Late Pleistocene sediments in general. However, using the 36Cl∕10Be pair is more complex because the 36Cl∕10Be production ratio varies with the chemical composition of each sample. We use 36Cl∕10Be measurements in samples of granodiorite exposed at the surface at present to validate calculations of the 36Cl∕10Be production ratio in this lithology, and then we apply this information to determine the burial age of alluvial clasts of the same lithology. This particular field area presents the additional obstacle to burial dating (which is not specific to the 36Cl∕10Be pair, but would apply to any) that most buried alluvial clasts are derived from extremely rapidly eroding parts of the San Bernardino Mountains and have correspondingly extremely low nuclide concentrations, the majority of which most likely derive from nucleogenic (for 36Cl) and post-burial production. Although this precludes accurate burial dating of many clasts, data from surface and subsurface samples with higher nuclide concentrations, originating from lower-erosion-rate source areas, show that the age of upper Cabezon Formation alluvium is 260 ka. This is consistent with stratigraphic age constraints as well as independent estimates of long-term fault slip rates, and it highlights the potential usefulness of the 36Cl∕10Be pair for dating Upper and Middle Pleistocene clastic sediments.
Temperature controls production but hydrology controls export of dissolved organic carbon at the catchment scale
Authors: Wen Hang , Perdrial Julia , Bernal Susana , Abbott Benjamin W. , Dupas Rémi , Godsey Sarah E. , Harpold Adrian , Rizzo Donna , Underwood Kristen , Adler Thomas , Hale Rebecca , Sterle Gary , Li Li
Published: July 2019

Abstract. Lateral carbon flux through river networks is an important and poorly-understood component of the global carbon budget. This work investigates how temperature and hydrology control the production and export of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in the Susquehanna Shale Hills Critical Zone Observatory in Pennsylvania, USA. We applied the catchment-scale hydro-biogeochemical reactive transport model BioRT-Flux-PIHM to simulate the DOC dynamics. We estimated the daily DOC production rate (Rp; the sum of local DOC production rates in individual modeling grid cell) and the daily DOC export rate (Re; the product of concentration and discharge at the stream outlet) to downstream ecosystems. Simulations showed that Rp varied by less than an order of magnitude and primarily hinged on seasonal temperature change. In contrast, Re varied by more than three orders of magnitude with a strong dependence on discharge and hydrological connectivity. During summer, high temperatures led to high atmospheric water demand (and evapotranspiration) that dried and disconnected hillslope to stream. Rp reached its maximum but Re was at its minimum. The stream only exported DOC from the organic-poor groundwater and from soil water in the narrow organic-rich swales with enriched DOC such that DOC accumulated in the catchment. During the wet period (winter and spring), Rp reached its minimum but Re peaked because the stream was re-connected to a greater uphill area, flushing out the stored DOC. The model reproduced the observed concentration discharge (C–Q) relationship characterized by a flushing-dilution pattern with a rise in concentrations to a maximum (flushing) at a threshold discharge and then followed a general dilution with concentrations decreasing with discharge. This pattern was explained by the comparable contribution of organic-poor deeper groundwater and soil water from organic-rich swales at the minimum flow, maximized percentage contribution of soil water from organic-rich swales at the low flow regime, and increased contribution of uphill soil water interflow from uphill with less DOC at the high flow regime. This pattern persisted regardless of DOC production rate as long as the contribution of deeper groundwater flow remained low ( 18 %, the flushing-dilution C–Q pattern shifted towards a flushing-only pattern with DOC concentrations increasing with discharge. This study illustrates the temporal asynchrony of DOC production, mostly controlled by temperature, and DOC export, primarily governed by hydrological flow paths at the catchment scale. The occurrence of warmer and more extreme hydrological events in the future could accentuate this asynchrony, with major lateral export of DOC dominated by a few major storm events whereas DOC is produced and stored in the catchment in the prolonged drought periods.
Projected effects of vegetation feedback on drought characteristics of
West Africa using a coupled regional land–vegetation–climate model
Authors: Mehboob Muhammad Shafqat , Kim Yeonjoo , Lee Jaehyeong , Um Myoung-Jin , Erfanian Amir , Wang Guiling
Published: July 2019

Abstract. This study investigates the projected effect of vegetation feedback on drought conditions in West Africa using a regional climate model coupled to the National Center for Atmospheric Research Community Land Model, the carbon-nitrogen (CN) module, and the dynamic vegetation (DV) module (RegCM-CLM-CN-DV). The role of vegetation feedback is examined based on simulations with and without the DV module. Simulations from four different global climate models are used as lateral boundary conditions (LBCs) for historical and future periods (i.e., historical: 1981–2000; future: 2081–2100). With utilizing the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI), we quantify the duration, frequency, and severity of droughts over the focal regions of the Sahel, the Gulf of Guinea, and the Congo Basin. With the vegetation dynamics being considered, future droughts become more prolonged and enhanced over the Sahel, whereas for the Guinea Gulf and Congo Basin, the trend is opposite. Additionally, we show that simulated annual leaf greenness (i.e., the Leaf Area Index) well-correlates with annual minimum SPEI, particularly over the Sahel, which is a transition zone, where the feedback between land-atmosphere is relatively strong. Furthermore, we note that our findings based on the ensemble mean are varying, but consistent among three different LBCs except for one LBC. Our results signify the importance of vegetation dynamics in predicting future droughts in West Africa, where the biosphere and atmosphere interactions play an important role in the regional climate setup.
Assessing the performance of global hydrological models for capturing peak river flows in the Amazon basin
Authors: Towner Jamie , Cloke Hannah L. , Zsoter Ervin , Flamig Zachary , Hoch Jannis M. , Bazo Juan , Coughlan de Perez Erin , Stephens Elisabeth M.
Published: July 2019

Abstract. Extreme flooding impacts millions of people that live within the
Amazon floodplain. Global hydrological models (GHMs) are frequently used to
assess and inform the management of flood risk, but knowledge on the skill
of available models is required to inform their use and development. This
paper presents an intercomparison of eight different GHMs freely available
from collaborators of the Global Flood Partnership (GFP) for simulating
floods in the Amazon basin. To gain insight into the strengths and
shortcomings of each model, we assess their ability to reproduce daily and
annual peak river flows against gauged observations at 75 hydrological
stations over a 19-year period (1997–2015). As well as highlighting regional variability in the accuracy of simulated streamflow, these results indicate that (a) the meteorological input is the dominant control on the accuracy of both daily and annual maximum river flows, and (b) groundwater and routing calibration of Lisflood based on daily river flows has no impact on the ability to simulate flood peaks for the chosen river basin. These findings have important relevance for applications of large-scale hydrological models, including analysis of the impact of climate variability, assessment of the influence of long-term changes such as land-use and anthropogenic climate change, the assessment of flood likelihood, and for flood forecasting systems.
Interacting with Maps in Virtual and Augmented Reality
Authors: Jenny Bernhard , Satriadi Kadek Ananta , Yang Yalong , Austin Christopher R. , Lee Simond , Chan Nian , Cordeil Maxime , Ens Barrett
Published: July 2019

Abstract. Augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) technology are increasingly used for the analysis and visualisation of geospatial data. It has become simple to create an immersive three-dimensional AR or VR map with a combination of game engines (e.g., Unity), software development kits for streaming and rendering geospatial data (e.g., Mapbox), and affordable hardware (e.g., HTC Vive). However, it is not clear how to best interact with geospatial visualisations in AR and VR. For example, there are no established standards to efficiently zoom and pan, select map features, or place markers on AR and VR maps. In this paper, we explore interaction with AR and VR maps using gestures and handheld controllers.As for gesture-controlled interaction, we present the results of recent research projects exploring how body gestures can control basic AR and VR map operations. We use motion-tracking controllers (e.g., Leap Motion) to capture and interpret gestures. We conducted a set of user studies to identify, explore and compare various gestures for controlling map-related operations. This includes, for example, mid-air hand gestures for zooming and panning (Satriadi et al. 2019), selecting points of interest, adjusting the orientation of maps, or placing markers on maps. Additionally, we present novel VR interfaces and interaction methods for controlling the content of maps with gestures.As for handheld controllers, we discuss interaction with exocentric globes, egocentric globes (where the user stands inside a large virtual globe), flat maps, and curved maps in VR. We demonstrate controller-based interaction for adjusting the centre of world maps displayed on these four types of projection surfaces (Yang et al. 2018), and illustrate the utility of interactively movable VR maps by the example of three-dimensional origin-destination flow maps (Yang et al. 2019).
Advanced Cartographic Techniques for Making Sense of Big Dynamic Data
Authors: Sorokine Alexandre , Fernandez Steven
Published: July 2019

Abstract. We have demonstrated application of advanced cartographic approaches to visualization of the U.S. electric grid. To address the challenges of high cognitive load of animated maps, we have applied an approach to combine data preprocessing, event detection, and several advanced cartographic techniques. In the future, the proposed methodology can be generalized to other types of dynamic big data.
Mapping a Nation: Daniel Carter Beard’s Time as a Surveyor for the Sanborn Map Company
Authors: Swab John J.
Published: July 2019

Abstract. Fire insurance maps produced by the American firm the Sanborn Map Company have long served as cartographic guides to understanding the history of urban America. Primarily used by cultural and historical geographers, historians, historic preservationists, and environmental consultants; historians of cartography have little explored the history of this company. While this scholarship has addressed various facets of Sanborn’s history (Ristow, 1968), no scholarly piece has explored the lived experience of being a Sanborn surveyor. This lack of scholarship comes not from any significant oversight but rather from the fact that the contributions of most Sanborn surveyors were anonymous and little recorded on the maps themselves. Moreover, the company itself has done little to save its own history, thus little is known of their individual stories and experiences. The exception to this is perhaps the most famous Sanborn surveyor of all: Daniel Carter Beard.Over the course of his nine-decade life, Daniel Carter Beard held several prominent positions including the co-founder of the Boy Scouts of America and the lead illustrator for many of Mark Twain’s novels. However, he got his start as a surveyor for the Sanborn Map Company in the 1870s, just a few years after its founding. His papers, housed at the Manuscript Division of the Library of Congress, includes a variety of ephemera from his time with the Sanborn Map Company.Trained in civil engineering, Beard got his start as a surveyor for the Cincinnati (Ohio) Office of Platting Commission, creating the first official plat map for the city. He was hired by Sanborn in 1874 and served as a surveyor until 1878, traveling extensively over the eastern half of the United States, parlaying his skills into creating fire insurance maps for Sanborn. Thus, this paper speaks to two main themes. The first theme traces the route of Beard during his early years with the company across the eastern half of the United States, documenting both the places he visited and the challenges he faced as a Sanborn surveyor. The second theme, interwoven through the paper, is an analysis of the innerworkings of Sanborn’s administrative structure and its relationship with the larger fire insurance market during the 1870s. Altogether, these documents present unique insight into the organization of the Sanborn Map Company and how it produced its maps during the second-half of the 19th century.
Estimation of building shape by block size
Authors: Taima Masahiro , Asami Yasushi , Hino Kimihiro
Published: July 2019

Abstract. Block restructuring has been strongly emphasized in Japan for renovating cities. However, little is known about the relation between block size and building shape. Moreover, the shape of buildings designed on a block after restructuring is unclear. Some estimation methods for urban physical status, such as building footprint location, floor area, and land use, have been developed in previous research. Taima et al. (2016) developed a model to estimate the building footprint area by using GIS. The future image of the building footprint on various blocks is visualized. Similarly, Asami and Ohtaki (2000) developed a model to estimate detached house location. Orford (2010) developed a methodology for estimating the floor area of individual properties from digital infrastructure data. Shiravi et al. (2015) assessed the utility of some models for estimating floor area using three data sources: a geographic vector building footprint layer, a LiDAR data set, and field survey data for the south side of the city of Fredericton, Canada. They discussed the reliability and accuracy of each model. In other research, Brunner et al. (2009) extended a methodology for building height estimation and tried to improve its accuracy. Schmidt et al. (2010) presented an approach to the estimation of building density on the block scale. Land use (Debnath and Amin, 2016; Jiang and Liu, 2012) and floor area (Orford, 2010) are popular topics and estimated in previous studies of the urban field, but estimation of building shape has seldom been a focus in the literature. Three-dimensional estimations of buildings cannot be found. If software to estimate building shape by block shape and other conditions was developed, it would be useful to determine urban planning, such as population estimation and landuse estimation. In this study, an estimation model is developed and applied to certain areas. In this study, the relation between block size and building shape is analyzed quantitatively, and a three-dimensional building shape is estimated by a model using an urban planning GIS data set of Tokyo (Figure 1 and 2). Results show the quantitative relation between block size and building shape, and the building shape image on the blocks. Higher buildings and buildings with a basement tend to be built in larger blocks, leading to efficient use of the maximum volume permitted in the block. In addition, the region composed by larger blocks can be spacious, because the range of building setback will be long in larger blocks. Designation of a high floor area ratio may induce integration and enlargement of blocks. Blocks are less likely to be partitioned in zones when a high floor area ratio is designated.
Сreation of the National Atlas of the Arctic
Authors: Tatarenkov Andrey
Published: July 2019

Abstract. The National Atlas of the Arctic is a fundamental complex cartographic work of informational, scientific-applied nature, containing a set of mutually agreed spatial and temporal information on the physical, geographical and socio-economic features of the Arctic region, intended for use in a wide range of management, economic, scientific, educational, cultural and social activities.
How to Play with Maps
Authors: Thorn Ross
Published: July 2019

Abstract. Introduction: Cartographic design guidelines are traditionally grounded in the concept of work, striving for optimal efficiency and effectiveness when accomplishing tasks (Roth 2013a). Much like traditional maps, video game maps help players navigate through and make sense of complex and often realistic virtual geographies. While maps in video games have evolved with similar technology to traditional cartography (Ahlqvist 2011), these playful maps deviate from real-world maps in that they are designed to facilitate play and adhere to game design principles to create a challenging yet satisfying experience. My research investigates how the playful purpose of video game maps informs unique design choices in cartographic representation and interaction. Specifically, I examined how video game maps exhibit interactivity, immersiveness, incompleteness, and inclusiveness characteristics of playful maps through traditional cartographic frameworks and how video game maps utilize elements of interaction and representation as cartographic tools for play.
Mapping Anisotropic Landscape for Understanding Underlying Spatial Structure of Air Pollution
Authors: Tu Chen-Hsuan , Wen Tzai-Hung
Published: July 2019

Abstract. Urban air pollution problem has become a huge threat to human health in the most developing and developed countries. Therefore, monitoring air quality with high spatial and temporal resolutions is an important issue. There are two different approaches to mapping street-level distributions of air quality in time and space. One is mathematical approach, which uses numerical methods to calculate the concentration of air pollutants in each space-time grid through considering chemical transport, wind field, terrain morphology and other parameters which affect the direction and intensity of dispersion. This approach is limited by intensively computational process, so most of studies used either rough spatial grid resolution for representing large-scale regions or detailed grid resolution for small-scale areas. Numerical models with rough grid resolution could not capture detailed physical interactions in the micro-environment. The other approach is statistical approach, which used spatial interpolation techniques, such as inverse distance weighting (IDW) and Kriging methods, or established regression models, such as land-use regression (LUR), for deriving concentrations of air pollution from remote sensing or ground-level station sensor data. This approach is assumed linear associations with environmental factors and isotropic distance-decayed phenomena, which also ignores complex physical interactions.Spatial distribution of air pollution could be affected by directional background factors, such as wind fields, surface relief and so on. The spatial effects of these physical factors are not isotropic. However, recent studies used statistical modelling approaches are based on isotropic assumptions and did not consider directional variations of these factors on air quality. The purpose of the study is to develop an innovative statistical approach to measure directional effects on air quality with spatial heterogeneity. We produces anisotropic landscapes of directional fields for identifying major directions for each space-time grid through EPA’s monitoring station data to visualize space-time trend of air quality changing with directions. This study provides significant insight for understanding spatial structures behind air pollution distributions influenced by directional physical factors.
Tool Wear Progression and its Effect on Energy Consumption in Turning of Titanium Alloy (Ti-6Al-4V)
Authors: Younas Muhammad , Jaffery Syed Husain Imran , Khan Mushtaq , Ahmad Riaz , Ali Liaqat , Khan Zarak , Khan Aftab
Published: July 2019

Abstract. To achieve greater productivity, titanium alloy requires cutting
at higher speeds (above 100 m min−1) that affects the tool life and energy
consumption during the machining process. This research work correlates the
wear progression and Specific Cutting Energy (SCE) in turning Ti-6Al-4V
alloy using H13 tools (uncoated carbide) in dry conditions from low to high
cutting speeds. Cutting condition employed in this study were selected from
published wear map developed for titanium (Ti-6Al-4V alloy) with the same
tool. Flank wear growth of the tool has been investigated at different
length of cuts in correlation with the SCE under different cutting
conditions. The useful tool life was found to be shorter at high-speed
machining conditions, thus the end of useful tool life criteria (ISO 3685)
was reached at a much shorter length of cuts as compared to low-speed
machining conditions. The cutting conditions corresponding to high wear rate
also resulted in high SCE. Finally, SCE and wear have been related by a
linear relationship that can be used to monitor wear and/or SCE utilization
during machining. The results help in the selection of appropriate cutting
conditions that will enhance the tool life and minimize SCE consumption
during machining titanium alloy.
Reducing uncertainties in flood inundation outputs of a two-dimensional hydrodynamic model by constraining roughness
Authors: Bhola Punit Kumar , Leandro Jorge , Disse Markus
Published: July 2019

Abstract. The consideration of uncertainties in flood risk
assessment has received increasing attention over the last 2 decades.
However, the assessment is not reported in practice due to the lack of best
practices and too wide uncertainty bounds. We present a method to constrain
the model roughness based on measured water levels and reduce the
uncertainty bounds of a two-dimensional hydrodynamic model. Results show
that the maximum uncertainty in roughness generated an uncertainty bound in
the water level of 1.26 m (90 % confidence interval) and by constraining
roughness, the bounds can be reduced as much as 0.92 m.
Remote sensing in an index-based insurance design for hedging economic impacts on rice cultivation
Authors: Valverde-Arias Omar Roberto , Esteve Paloma , Tarquis Ana María , Garrido Alberto
Published: July 2019

Abstract. Rice production in Ecuador is steadily affected by extreme climatic events that make it difficult for farmers to cope with production risk, threatening rural livelihoods and food security in the country. Developing agricultural insurance is a policy option that has gained traction in the last decade. Index-based agricultural insurance has become a promising alternative that allows insurance companies to ascertain and quantify losses without verifying a catastrophic event in situ, lowering operative costs and easing implementation. But its development can be hindered by basis risk, which occurs when real losses in farms do not fit accurately with the selected index. Avoiding basis risk requires assessing the variability within the insurance application area and considering it for representative index selection. In this context, we have designed an index-based insurance that uses a vegetation index (NDVI) as indicator of drought and flood impact on rice in Babahoyo canton (Ecuador). Babahoyo was divided in two Agro-ecological Homogeneous Zones to account for variability, and two NDVI threshold values were defined to consider, first, the event impact on crop (physiologic threshold), and, second, its impact on gross margin (economic threshold). This design allows us to set-up accurate insurance premiums and compensations that fit the particular conditions of each AHZ, reducing basis risk.
Volvate Macrolepiota from Brazil: M. dunensis sp. nov., M. sabulosa var. velistellaris var. nov., and observations on M. pulchella
Authors: Freitas Daline Soares , Menolli Nelson
Published: July 2019

Taxonomic and phylogenetic studies of volvate Macrolepiota specimens collected from Atlantic Forest in Northeast and Southeast Brazil are presented based on morphological and molecular (nrITS) data. Macrolepiota dunensis and M. sabulosa var. velistellaris
are proposed as new taxa, and additional observations are presented about M. pulchella, a species previously known from Brazil. Macrolepiota dunensis and M. pulchella clustered in the clade corresponding to M. sect. Volvatae. Macrolepiota sabulosa
var. velistellaris was placed together with non-volvate M. sabulosa var. sabulosa, close to another volvate taxon (M. rhodosperma var. velicopia), and together with species classified in M. sect. Macrolepiota. Our phylogenetic results provide
additional evidence that the volva, which is not restricted to members of M. sect. Volvatae, evolved more than once in the genus.
Sporidesmiella corniformis sp. nov. from China
Authors: Ai Cong-Cong , Xia Ji-Wen , Zhang Xiu-Guo , Geng Yun , Ma Li-Guo
Published: July 2019

A new species, Sporidesmiella corniformis, is described and illustrated from specimens collected on decaying branches in China. This fungus is characterized by clavate to cuneiform, 2-distoseptate, pale brown conidia with 4–8 short horns.
Cacumisporium fusiforme sp. nov. from Jiangxi, China
Authors: Xu Zhao-Huan , Zhang Kai , Zhang Xiu-Guo , Castañeda-Ruíz Rafael F. , Ma Jian
Published: July 2019

A new species, Cacumisporium fusiforme, is described and illustrated from a specimen collected on dead branches of an unidentified broadleaf tree in Jiangxi, China. The fungus differs from other described Cacumisporium species in its conidial shape and size. A key to Cacumisporium
species is provided.
Perichaena acetabulifera sp. nov. from Juarez City, Mexico
Authors: Lizárraga Marcos , Moreno Gabriel , Flores-Romero Irais
Published: July 2019

Perichaena acetabulifera is described as a new species of myxomycete that fruited profusely in moist chamber cultures on bark samples collected from Populus deltoides and Ulmus pumila growing in urban areas of Juarez City, Chihuahua, Mexico. Photographs of its diagnostic
macroscopic and microscopic features are provided.
Gliocladiopsis wuhanensis sp. nov. from China
Authors: Zhai Ni-Ping , Sun Zi-Quan , Zhang Ya-Long , Zang Rui , Xu Chao , Geng Yue-Hua , Zhang Meng
Published: July 2019

A new species, Gliocladiopsis wuhanensis, was isolated from soil collected in Hubei Province, China. A combination of ITS, HIS3, and TUB2 DNA sequences were analyzed to evaluate its phylogenetic status. Phylogenetically G. wuhanensis is closely related to G.
guangdongensis. Morphologically, G. wuhanensis can be distinguished from related species by its tertiary conidiophore branching.
Four new records of Haematomma from Southern China
Authors: Tang Rong , Zhang Xiao , Wang Chun-Xiao , Zhang Lu-Lu
Published: July 2019

Haematomma accolens, H. collatum, H. fenzlianum, and H. flexuosum are reported as new for China; and H. fenzlianum is also new for Asia. Detailed taxonomic descriptions with photos are provided for the four species.
Coprophilous fungi from Brazil: new records for the Neotropics
Authors: Melo Roger F.R. , Do Monte Daniel B.P. , Gondim Nicole H.B. , Maia Leonor C. , Miller Andrew N.
Published: July 2019

Twelve ascomycetes associated with herbivore dung, collected throughout an edaphic and climatic gradient from the Atlantic Forest complex to the semi-arid Caatinga in Pernambuco, Northeastern Brazil, represent new records: Ascobolus castaneus, Arnium hirtum, Cercophora anisura,
Chaetomium citrinum, C. spirale, Coniochaeta philocoproides, Coprotus albidus, and Delitschia vulgaris are new records for the Neotropics; Cercophora sordarioides, Chaetomium cochliodes, Sordaria lappae, and Thelebolus microsporus are new records for Brazil.
Ascobolus castaneus is recorded for the second time worldwide, revealing a much wider geographical distribution for a species previously reported only from China. Descriptions and updated geographic distributions are presented, and information regarding the records is discussed.
Geopora ahmadii sp. nov. from Pakistan
Authors: Saba M. , Haelewaters D. , Iturriaga T. , Ashraf T. , Khalid A.N. , Pfister D.H.
Published: July 2019

A new species, Geopora ahmadii, is described and illustrated based on material from Punjab, Pakistan. This species is characterized by sessile, cup- to saucer-shaped, partly immersed apothecia with whitish to grayish hymenial surfaces; broad ellipsoid, mostly uniguttulate ascospores;
and brown excipular hairs. Phylogenetic analyses of the nrDNA ITS region with maximum parsimony, maximum likelihood, and Bayesian inference methods reveal that G. ahmadii is distinct from other described Geopora species. A collection previously identified as Geopora arenosa
from Rawalakot, Pakistan, likely represents a second locality of G. ahmadii.
Book reviews and notices
Authors: Vellinga Else C.
Published: July 2019

Books reviewed include the Syllabus of Plant Families—A. Engler's Syllabus der Pflanzenfamilien. 1/3 Basidiomycota and Entorrhizomycota by Begerow, McTaggart, and Agerer (W. Lang ed.) and Fungi lepiotoidei (Agaricaceae) edited by Zhu-Liang Yang (2019).
The Impact of Medical Tourist Relationship Management Dimensions on Innovation Capabilities
Authors: Shriedeh Fayez
Published: July 2019

This study investigates the one-to-one effect of medical tourist relationship management on innovation capabilities. This study employed regression analysis to test the research hypotheses in a sample of 306 medical tourists in Amman, Jordan. The findings indicate that long- term relationship and joint problem solving have positive impacts on all types of innovation. Knowledge management and customer involvement have positive influences on the product, process, service, and marketing innovations. Technology-based CRM has positive impacts on product, service, and process innovation. Finally, this paper discusses practical implications and future study directions.
University Students’ Opinions on Effects of Reading Habit on Academic Success and Self-Improvement
Authors: Dogutas Aysun
Published: July 2019

Since we are living at knowledge age and have a society which has been shaped by knowledge, reading is an essential tool for knowledge transfer and the habit of reading is an academic activity that increases skills in reading strategies. Reading habit is very important for people especially for university students. In this study, university students’ opinions about the reading habit and its’ effects on self-improvement and academic success will be examined. Descriptive model of quantitative research was used as a research model. The sample of the study is 248 university students at Education Faculty, Pamukkale University in Turkey. The results of the study showed that university students believe that reading habit increases their self and academic success. The results also showed that there is a difference between female and male students’ opinions about self-improvement and academic success depending on reading habit.
Agent defocusing in two-participant clauses in Finnish Sign Language
Authors: Nordlund Sanna
Published: July 2019

This article investigates what strategies are used for defocusing the agent in two-participant clauses in FinSL. The question is approached by analyzing a set of data that consists of videotaped informational texts. Several strategies for agent defocusing were found. First, the agent can simply be omitted. Second, the agent can be expressed with a pronominal pointing sign used non-referentially. Pronominal pointing signs that can be used non-referentially include at least the non-first person plural pronominal pointing sign and the first person singular pointing sign, possibly also the first person plural pointing sign. This study also suggests that constructed action is an additional, optional strategy through which the signer can tell the event either from the patient’s or the agent’s perspective. No special passive marking was found, and the form of clauses defocusing the agent does not seem to differ from that of corresponding clauses including a referential agent. The non-referential reading comes from the fact that there is no antecedent to which a zero, an indicating verb or a non-first person pronominal pointing sign could refer, and with first person pronominal pointing signs the interpretation is made based on the context.
O direito à educação na narrativa dos/das adolescentes em cumprimento de medida socioeducativa
Authors: Santos Eliana Cristina dos , Amaral Wagner Roberto do
Published: July 2019

O presente estudo, resultado de uma pesquisa qualitativa, objetiva analisar a relação do(a) adolescente em cumprimento de medida socioeducativa com a escola, localizando o direito à educação enquanto política integrante a Doutrina da Proteção Integral, prevista no Estatuto da Criança e Adolescente (ECA) e estruturante do Sistema de Atendimento Socioeducativo. Conhecer a relação dos(as) adolescentes com a escola é importante, pois pode colaborar tanto na compreensão da prática do ato infracional quanto do percurso formativo escolar desses sujeitos. As narrativas dos(as) adolescentes, sujeitos desta pesquisa, apontam que esta é uma relação complexa e paradoxal atravessada por elementos de negação e afirmação. Neste sentido, a escola se constitui como um espaço institucional que abriga outros lugares que se entrelaçam, e é caracterizada nesse trabalho como o lugar do direito, o lugar da resistência e o lugar do reconhecimento.
O Conselho Tutelar e os desafios para a garantia dos direitos da criança e do adolescente
Authors: Kelade Mezzina Carla Andreza , Bolorino Canteiro Martins Eliana
Published: July 2019

Este artigo pretende sintetizar resultados parciais obtidos com a pesquisa qualitativa referente à Dissertação de Mestrado intitulada: A garantia dos direitos da criança e do adolescente: eis o desafio , que propôs analisar a atuação do Conselho Tutelar para garantia dos direitos desse segmento populacional perante as alterações propostas pela Lei nº 12.010/2009 e compreender os desafios enfrentados por esse órgão de defesa na articulação com a rede de proteção social. Os resultados inferem que o ajuizamento dos fatos noticiados pelo Conselho Tutelar anterior à adoção de medidas na esfera administrativa, reforçava a judicialização e burocratização dos atendimentos, renovando velhos paradigmas conservadores de criminalização da pobreza. Portanto, considera-se benéfica a aplicabilidade deste novo fluxo de atendimento como mecanismo para determinação dos papéis de cada ator no Sistema de Garantias de Direitos, porém se evidencia a fragilidade da rede socioassistencial para a garantia da proteção integral da criança e do adolescente.