bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identification and detection of a void under highway cement concrete pavement slabs based on finite element analysis
Authors: Zhang Tao , Ren Yongming
Published: December 2021

For a city, the construction of a road is related to the development of economy, and the construction of a road includes maintenance of the road. Cement roads have been popularized in road construction due to their low construction cost and high strength, but at the same time, road problems have arisen. In order to solve and prevent the problem of voids under highway cement concrete pavement slabs, the acoustic vibration method was used for the detection of voids under highway cement concrete pavement slabs. This method was brieﬂy introduced and analysed with ﬁnite element analysis. Then, excitation equipment and ABAQUS software were used to perform instance analysis on the section from K08-000 to K09-000 of G325 National Road. The results showed that there were three situations, including a mild void, normal void and serious void. The degree of abrupt change of the peak amplitude of the acoustic vibration characteristic curve increased with an increase in the severity of the void under the highway cement concrete pavement slabs. The void area was obtained through calculation of the sound pressure characteristic curve data based on the ﬁnite element model, with an error between 17.0 and 21.9%. However, in road maintenance projects, this error is acceptable. In summary, the acoustic vibration method based on ﬁnite element analysis can eﬀectively detect the position of a void under highway cement concrete pavement slabs and estimate the area.
Pollution with Cr6+ of groundwater and surface waters from the industrial dump Jugohrom - Jegunovce – Republic of North Macedonia
Authors: Mihailovski Stojan , Mircovski Vojo , Ilijovski Zlatko
Published: December 2021

In order to investigate the pollution with hexavalent chromium (Cr6+) of the groundwater and surface water around the industrial dump Jugohrom – Jegunovce, hydrogeological investigations were carried out during November 2019, where 16 samples of groundwater and 3 samples of surface water were taken. In most of the analyzed samples of groundwater and surface water, the concentration of Cr6+ exceeds the maximal allowed concentrations (MAC) of Cr6+ (0.01 mg/l) according to the Macedonian and European standards in drinking water. The highest contamination with Cr6+ which is in the range of 0.052 – 132.98 mg/l is registered near the dump in the shallow groundwater, i.e. in the unconfined aquifers. Cr6+ pollution ranging from 0.017 to 0.041 mg/l has also been registered in some of the samples at artesian aquifers with a sub-artesian level. Two tests were carried out on the surface water of the Vardar River, before and after the dump. A sevenfold increase in Cr6+ concentration of 0.069 was observed after the dump. Cr6+ content of 725 mg/l was found in the drainage of overflow water in the discharge. Pollution of the groundwater and surface water with Cr6+ is anthropogenic and is a result of the operation of the Metallurgical Plant Jugohrom in the period from 1955 to 1994.
Potential of using plant extracts as green corrosion inhibitors in the petroleum industry
Authors: Žbulj Katarina , Bilić Gordana , Hrnčević Lidia , Simon Katarina
Published: December 2021

In this paper, preliminary studies of ten different plant extracts as potential corrosion inhibitors of carbon steel were examined. For each extract, the concentration range in which it shows anti-corrosion action was first determined, and then the most effective concentration was determined for each extract. The tests were performed in a brine solution saturated with CO2 at room temperature. The aim of this study was to isolate extracts with high effectiveness and subsequent electrochemical and surface methods to determine the mechanism of inhibitory action. For this purpose, potentiodynamic polarization was performed with Tafel extrapolation. Among all the tested extracts, lady’s mantle (92.17%) and dandelion root (95.07%) stood out with their effectiveness. Both tested extracts showed the behaviour of a mixed corrosion inhibitor with a dominant influence on the anode process.
Application of soft computing methodologies to predict the 28-day compressive strength of shotcrete: a comparative study of individual and hybrid models
Authors: Torkan Mahtab , Kalhori Hamid , Jalalian Mohammad Hossein
Published: December 2021

Shotcreting is a popular construction technique with wide-ranging applications in mining and civil engineering. Compressive strength is a primary mechanical property of shotcrete with particular importance for project safety, which highly depends on its mix design. But in practice, there is no reliable and accurate method to predict this strength. In this study, existing experimental data related to shotcretes with 59 different mix designs are used to develop a series of soft computing methodologies, including individual artificial neural network, support vector regression, and M5P model tree and their hybrids with the fuzzy c-means clustering algorithm so as to predict the 28-day compressive strength of shotcrete. Analysis of the results shows the superiority of the hybrid model over the individual models in predicting the compressive strength of shotcrete. Overall, data clustering prior to use of machine learning techniques leads to certain improvement in their performance and reliability and generalizability of their results. In particular, the M5P model tree exhibits excellent capability in anticipating the compressive strength of shotcrete.
Stages of Disciplinary Proceedings for Civil Servants of the Russian Federation
Authors: Leshchina E. L.
Published: December 2021

The paper examines the content and structure of law enforcement in connection with the commission of  disciplinary offenses by civil servants through the implementation of procedural norms of disciplinary proceedings  that represents one of the forms of enforcing social and, as a variety of them, law rules. The author characterises  such an independent element of the legal process as the stages of procedural hearings, shows the correlation for  differentiation between their content and the main stages of law enforcement. The author analizes approaches to  determining the stage of the legal and administrative procedure, highlights their features and proposes to apply  the results of the analysis to determining the stage of hearings in disciplinary cases. The author shows the points  of view of specialists on the system and types of the main and optional stages of proceedings in disciplinary cases  brought against civil servants, substantiates the criteria underlying the selection of a certain procedural stage,  their functional role in proceedings and draws a conclusion about the types of stages of proceedings in disciplinary  cases. The paper substantiates the opinion that the revision of a disciplinary case as a separate, independent stage,  not included in the structure of this proceeding, is possible through the resolution of a public service dispute.  In conclusion, the author characterises the existing procedure (model) of proceedings for the imposition of a  disciplinary sanction that can be simplified and ordinary (complete).
Expenditure Obligations of the Constituent Entity of the Russian Federation in the Social Field in the Budget Structure
Authors: Zabralova O. S.
Published: December 2021

To financially support the functions of the state, it is necessary to legally allocate from the budget the  funds that form expenditure obligations of a particular public-law entity. Structuring of all expenditure obligations,  including obligations in the field of social policy, takes place due to the corresponding register. It is concluded  that the register of expense obligations of the regional budget includes certain information about the obligations associated with the social policy financing: a) information about the powers of the region in the field of social  policy; b) information on regulatory legal acts, agreements establishing the region’s expenditure obligations in  the field of social policy that are subject to execution at the expense of regional funds, etc. It is determined that  the registry of expence obligation for the constituent entity of the Russian Federation is formed according to the  same rules as the rules applied to form the registry of expence obligations at the federal level, but taking into  account the specifics of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation. The significance of the study is that it  allows, from a scientific point of view, to comprehend the problems of regulating the expenditure obligations of  a constituent entity of the Russian Federation in the social area.
Infectious complications in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia treated with bruton’s tyrosine kinase inhibitors
Authors: Torshina Yulia S. , Serebryanaya Natalia B.
Published: December 2021

The aim of this study is to analyze the scientific literature data on the frequency and characteristics of infectious complications during the treatment of patients with lymphoproliferative diseases with a new class of drugs, selective inhibitors of Brutons tyrosine kinase (BTK). This work describes the indications for appointing these drugs as well as the participation of BTK in the development and activation of B cells. We have studied the main characteristics of BTK inhibitors used in clinical practice and associated disorders in the activity of off-target tyrosine kinases. The work describes the main types of known infectious complications developing during the treatment with the drugs of this group, the period of their appearance, and characteristic pathogens.
Prospects of using conservative linear B-cell epitopes of influenza virus A neuraminidase for induction of cross-protective immune response
Authors: Sychev Ivan А. , Kopeikin Pavel M. , Tsvetkova Elena V. , Shamova Olga V. , Desheva Yulia A. , Isakova-Sivak Irina N.
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND: Influenza is a dangerous, widespread infectious disease that takes thousands of lives during annual epidemics, and also causes significant damage to the countrys economy. The most effective means of fighting the influenza virus is vaccination of the population. Due to the variability of influenza viruses, the strain composition of influenza vaccines must be updated annually. In this regard, an urgent task is to improve the existing influenza vaccines in order to expand their spectrum of action. One of the promising approaches is the targeted induction of the humoral immune response to the conservative linear epitopes of influenza A virus neuraminidase.
AIM: This project is aimed at assessing the immunogenicity and cross-protective activity of conserved neuraminidase epitopes in order to select promising targets for the targeted design of broad-spectrum influenza vaccines.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Peptides corresponding to linear B-cell epitopes of neuraminidase were chemically synthesized de novo. The peptides were conjugated with keyhole limpet hemocyanin. CBA mice were immunized and challenged with A/PR/8/34 (H1N1) and A/Philippines/2/1982 (H3N2) viruses at a dose of 3 LD50. The survival rate of the animals was assessed within 14 days after infection. The immunogenicity of the peptides was assessed in a standard enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using the recombinant neuraminidase proteins of the viruses A/California/07/2009 (H1N1) and A/Hong Kong/4801/2014 (H3N2) as antigen.
RESULTS: Immunization of neuraminidase with peptides MNPNQKIITIGS and ILRTQESEC, but not DNWKGSNRP, protected mice from lethality caused by the H1N1 and/or H3N2 virus. The protective potential of the peptides correlated with the levels of antineuraminidase antibodies after immunization.
CONCLUSIONS: The presence of a cross-protective potential in two conserved linear B-cell epitopes of influenza A neuraminidase (MNPNQKIITIGS and ILRTQESEC) allows them to be recommended as a target for the development of a broad-spectrum influenza vaccine.
Etiology of severe acute respiratory infections in Ekaterinburg in different epidemic seasons
Authors: Lelenkova Evgeniya Viktorovna , Markaryan Alexandr Yurievich
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND: Acute respiratory viral infections are ubiquitous. Part of the cases are severe and require hospital treatment.
AIM: Studying the etiology of severe acute respiratory infections in patients of Ekaterinburg hospitals in different epidemic seasons (from 2017 to 2020).
MATERIALS AND METHODS: 1,132 cases of severe acute respiratory infection were assessed. The structure of laboratory-confirmed cases was determined.
RESULTS: In the assessed seasons, the proportion of respiratory viruses in the etiological structure of severe acute respiratory infections was 56.0% on average. B/Yamagata lineage of influenza viruses was predominant in the season of 2017/2018 (23.9% from the total number of respiratory viruses), influenza А (H1N1)pdm09 viruses were predominant in the season of 2018/2019 (27.7%), and influenza A and B viruses were identified in 2019/2020 (39.4% and 31.7%, respectively).
СONCLUSIONS: The obtained results confirm a key role of influenza viruses in the etiology of severe acute respiratory infections among the hospital patients in different epidemic seasons.
Influence of new antimicrobial peptides of the medicinal leech Hirudo medicinalis on the functional activity of neutrophil granule proteins
Authors: Grigorieva Daria V. , Gorudko Irina V. , Grafskaia Ekaterina N. , Latsis Ivan A. , Sokolov Alexey V. , Panasenko Oleg M. , Lazarev Vasily N.
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND: Resistance of microorganisms caused dangerous to human health infections to traditional antibiotics is a serious problem for healthcare. In this regard, the development of new effective antimicrobial drugs and therapeutic approaches is an urgent task. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are considered a promising alternative to traditional antibiotic in the fight against resistant microorganisms.
AIM: The aim of this work is to study the effect of new synthesized AMPs of the medicinal leech Hirudo medicinalis (including under conditions of development of oxidative/halogenative stress) on the functional activity of neutrophils granular proteins the main effector cells of the immune system.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Myeloperoxidase peroxidase activity was assessed by the rate of o-dianisidine oxidation. Neutrophil elastase activity was determined by the fluorescence method using a specific substrate MeOSuc-AAPV-AMC. Lactoferrin iron-binding activity was assessed spectrophotometrically by the change in absorption of protein solution after addition of Fe3+ salt. Lysozyme activity was determined by the rate of M. lysodeikticus bacterial cells lysis.
RESULTS: Native AMPs 536_1 and 19347_2 inhibited and 12530 increased myeloperoxidase peroxidase activity, this tendency persisted after these AMPs modification by hypochlorous acid (HOCl). In contrast to the native AMP halogenated AMP 3967_1 acquired the ability to enhance myeloperoxidase enzymatic activity. In the presence of AMP 3967_1 neutrophil elastase amidolytic activity increased insignificantly, while AMP 19347_2 inhibited neutrophil elastase activity. After HOCl modification these AMPs retained their ability to regulate neutrophil elastase activity. Synergistic effects (~20%) against gram-positive bacteria M. lysodeikticus were revealed for combination of lysozyme with AMPs 12530 and 3967_1. Inhibition lysozyme antimicrobial activity was observed in the presence of AMPs 19347_2 and 536_1, however the severity of this effect decreased after AMPs modification by HOCl. After HOCl modification AMP 3967_1 increased, while AMP 12530 on the contrary acquired the ability to inhibit lysozyme mucolytic activity.
CONCLUSIONS: The use of drugs based on studied AMPs of medicinal leech will have a beneficial effect on the bodys fight against infectious agents due to the antimicrobial action of AMPs themselves. But in addition studied AMPs are capable to modulate the biological activity of own endogenous antimicrobial proteins and peptides: to enhance it, if it is necessary to eliminate pathogen and to inhibit if it necessary to protect against damage to the bodys own tissues.
Impact of amino acid substitution T203I in hemagglutinin on growth characteristics in vitro and hemagglutinin thermostability of A/H3N2 influenza viruses
Authors: Bazhenova Ekaterina A. , Stepanova Ekaterina A. , Kotomina Tatiana S. , Larionova Nataliya V. , Kiseleva Irina V. , Rudenko Larisa G.
Published: December 2021

Background: Russian live attenuated influenza vaccines are a three-component preparations that contain vaccine strains based on current epidemic influenza A/H1N1, A/H3N2 and B strains. Recent influenza viruses A/H3N2 are most susceptible to drift antigenic changes, and therefore, this component of the live attenuated influenza vaccines must be constantly updated. Current vaccine strains of live attenuated influenza vaccines are obtained by the method of classical reassortment using selective factors in developing chicken embryos. During the process of preparation of live attenuated influenza vaccines strains, single reassortants can acquire various egg-adaptive amino acid substitutions in hemagglutinin and neuraminidase the genes responsible for the antigenic correspondence of the vaccine strain to the epidemic parent. These amino acid substitutions can affect the biological properties of the vaccine strain, thereby reducing the effectiveness of this component of live attenuated influenza vaccines.
AIM: The aim of the study was to explore the effect of amino acid substitution T203I in hemagglutinin of A/H3N2 influenza viruses on growth characteristics and hemagglutinin thermostability.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: For the study, three pairs of A/H3N2 vaccine reassortants were prepared. Reassortants differed from each other by amino acid Thr or Ile at position 203 in the hemagglutinin. The growth properties of vaccine strains were assessed by titration in eggs at 2640C and in a MDCK cell culture at 33C. The thermostability of the hemagglutinin of studied influenza viruses was assessed by determining their ability to agglutinate 1% erythrocytes after exposure to elevated temperatures in the range of 3770C.
RESULTS: The amino acid substitution T203I in hemagglutinin in reassortants obtained on the basis of current influenza A/H3N2 viruses acquired during the preparation of vaccine strains does not affect the temperature sensitivity of viruses. It was shown that viruses with an egg-adaptive substitution T203I in hemagglutinin have more pronounced cold-adapted phenotype and a higher reproductive activity in MDCK cell culture, compared to strains without this mutation. It was found that hemagglutinin of reassortants with 203 Ile is more thermostable than with 203 Thr.
CONCLUSIONS: Our data indicate that the amino acid substitution of T203I in hemagglutinin in current influenza A/H3N2 viruses does not have a negative effect on biological properties, but improves growth characteristics in eggs and MDCK cells, as well as the thermostability of viruses.
Psychosomatic disorders (distress, depression, anxiety, somatization) in young patients who have had COVID-19
Authors: Ulyukin Igor M. , Kiseleva Nataliya V. , Rassokhin Vadim V. , Orlova Elena S. , Sechin Alekcey A.
Published: December 2021

AIM: The mission is to assess possible psychosomatic disorders (in particular, stress as a nervous breakdown, an acute temporal phase of a specific disorder, which is manifested primarily by signs of depression and neurosis) in young patients who have had COVID-19, in the course of rehabilitation, to improve medical and psychological support after their discharge from the hospital.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: 60 convalescents who have had COVID-19 and had practically been healthy before (men aged 19.87 1.64 years) were examined. The main clinical variants and manifestations of COVID-19 in our study were inapparent infection (II) in 19 cases (31.67%), acute respiratory viral infection (ARVI) in 21 cases (35.0%), pneumonia without respiratory failure (P) in 20 cases (33.33%). These are clinical variants and manifestations of mild-to-moderate of COVID-19 severity. The diagnosis of all clinical variants and manifestations of COVID-19, the patients examination, treatment and discharge from the hospital were carried out in accordance with regulatory documents. The patients were examined 68 month after discharge from the hospital. Psychometric examination of these individuals to separate their clinical manifestations of distress and somatization and manifestations of depression and anxiety was carried out according to the questionnaire The Four-Dimensional Symptom Questionnaire, 4DSQ), developed in 1996 by the Dutch specialists B. Terluin. This questionnaire was translation into Russian and adapted by A.B. Smulevich et al. [2014]. Voluntary informed consent was obtained from each of the patients before their participating the study.
RESULTS: Indicators of distress, anxiety, somatization after all the clinical variants and manifestations of COVID-19 have a moderately increased level, which indicates a serious illness that has been suffered, in some cases with an unfavorable outcome. The strongly increased level of depression in our study is probably due to the presence of astheno-neurotic syndrome due to the previous COVID-19 disease. The data on the correlation between the scales of methods indicate the direction of possible psychoprophylactic work with convalescents.
CONCLUSIONS: The results of the study showed that young patients without concomitant diseases who have had COVID-19, even with a mild and low-symptom course, may develop psychosomatic consequences such as distress, anxiety, somatization and some others. The reasons, duration, potential risk factors for their development require further study, however, timely developed preventive and therapeutic and diagnostic measures, taking into account the individual characteristics of the patient, can have a positive effect.
Bio-psychological parallelism
Authors: Radin V. P.
Published: December 2021

The content of biology is made up of generalizations of individual areas of natural science; it is neither zoology, nor physiology, nor botany, but all these areas, with their generalized content, are included in biology. Biology is, from this point of view, nothing more than the philosophy of natural science, if we agree to understand by this term an abstract and generalizing character inherent in the method and content of biology.
Treatment of arteriosclerosis in mentally ill patients with Trunecek inorganic serum. (Revue de psychiatrie, 1902 Novembre). L. Marchand
Authors: Korolko L.
Published: December 2021

The frequency of arteriosclerosis in the mentally ill prompted the author to test the effects of Trunecek's serum in various mental illnesses. Serum injections are painful, often chronic hardening remains at the points of injection.
On the question of the peripheral innervation of the rectum
Authors: Vishnevsky A. V.
Published: December 2021

The innervation of the rectum generally occupied quite a few researchers. In our historical part, we will not deal in detail with the issue of cerebrospinal innervation recti and its obturator apparatus. The interested reader will find a detailed historical overview of this issue in the work of L. ѵ. Francl-Hoclwartf and Alfred-Frhlichʹа - "lieber Tonus und Jnnervation der Spliincteren des Anus", submitted by them in the laboratory of prof. Basha in Vienna.
To scholarship on the cross-linking of nerves
Authors: Levin Iosif A.
Published: December 2021

Coming to the presentation of our work "To the study of the cross stitching of nerves", we, in order to avoid any misunderstandings when reading it, consider it necessary to make a reservation that we understand by the term "cross".Under this term, they denote such stitching of nerves, when the central branch of one nerve is stitched with the peripheral branch of another, and the central branch of the last one with the peripheral branch of the first; such stitching will be complete cross-linking; if, however, the central cut of one nerve is stitched with the peripheral of the other, and the remaining cuts remain without connection, then this will be incomplete cross-linking.
Contributionаl’origine corticale des tremblements. Prof. Mossalongo. Rev. neurolog. 1903
Authors: Rudnev Vladimir I.
Published: December 2021

Professor Mossalongo is convinced that all the tremors are of cortical origin. Several years ago, he studied clinically and pathologically anatomically cases of double athetosis, and expressed the opinion that the centers of choreic and athetosis tremors are contained in the motor cells of the cerebral gyri; In extracortical and peripheral lesions, tremor is also caused by the transmission of irritation to the same cells.
Die operative Behandlung der Hirngeschwülste von d-r. M Weil in Stuttgart. Halle a S. 1903
Authors: Eichenwald Lev Isaevich
Published: December 2021

The treatment of cerebral tumors was still relatively recent in the field of internal medicine. And at the present time the therapist decides the question of the possibility of the operation in one or another case, but asks the surgeon to express his opinion regarding the details of the operative intervention.
M. Toulouse. The duration of the pupillary reaction from poisons, as an early sign of general paralysis. (La Semain Medicale. 1903 No. 32)
Authors: Gil A.
Published: December 2021

In a short message at the congress of psychiatrists and neuropathologists in Brussels, in 13 sections, which had a place from 1-8 August n. pp., the author points to a completely new, in his opinion, sign of the initial stage of progressive paralysis - the elongation of the pupillary reaction from poisons, observed by him in several cases together with Vurpas.
To scholarship on the cross-linking of nerves
Authors: Levin I. A.
Published: December 2021

Before we go to the presentation of their experiences with education n. sympathicolaryngei inf., we will first give a description of the operation, experience and the method of histological examination of nerves after the experiment that we used. The preparation for the operation is the same as in the experiments with the c. sympathico-vago; the neurovascular bundle was found, usually on the right side, and in the middle of the neck it was isolated in. sympathicus; between the trachea and the esophagus, n was found in the groove. laryngeus inf. and was also released at a certain length from the surrounding tissues; temporary ligatures were brought under both nerves, pulling on which facilitated the suture; a thin needle with a silk thread was passed through the lateral edge of the nerves in order to traumatize them as little as possible, the nerves were darkly cut, and c. sympathicus was transferred to the tracheal bed; the ends of the nerves were treated in the same way as in the previous experiments; central branch in. laryngei inf. either just resected, or turned downwards, where it was sometimes sutured
To the study of the volume of eye changes in chronic poisoning with ergot and its drugs
Authors: Orlov К. Х.
Published: December 2021

Experimental protocols from ergot powder, eb Extr. Seealis corrnit. aquos., eb ergotine Jvon'a, spruce sclerotinic acid, eb Extr. Cornutino-Sphaeelinic, with sphacelic acid for rabbits, chickens, cats, guinea pigs and descriptions of the results.
On the state of the motor area of the cerebral cortex during mental activity
Authors: Rudnev V. I.
Published: December 2021

Prof. Suchenov, comparing the human brain with a machine, says that all the nervous projectiles of the animal body can be viewed as mechanisms constantly charged with energy and always ready for the discharge or action of a shock in one or another part of the projectile. Continuing the comparison, we can say that the will, which is the initiator of the movements of voluntary, is likened to the machinist, who starts the well-known mechanism, and that already operates according to its own laws, and just as all manifestations of brain activity can be reduced to muscular movements of the muscle. you can judge the state of the nerve centers.
Laienwelt und Geisteskranke. — Von Max Fischer, Dr. med., Oberarzt in Illenau. Stuttgart. 1903. p. 177. P. M. 4.80.
Authors: Eichenwald L. I.
Published: December 2021

The mutual relations between the public and psychiatrists make one wish for the best that, without exaggeration, we can say that hardly any other branch of medicine encounters such discontent from the public as psychiatry. The reason for this is partly to be found in the comparatively fewer favorable therapeutic results in the treatment of mental illnesses, partly in the gloomy depressing environment that your patients find themselves in. The author of the book being analyzed set out to shed light on the relationship that exists between the public and psychiatrists, as well as to find out the view of our society, at the heart of the sick and caring for them.
The disorder of the iron metabolism as a possible mechanism for the development of neurodegeneration after new coronavirus infection of SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Litvinenko Igor V. , Krasakov Igor V.
Published: December 2021

The involvement of the nervous system in the pathological process that occurs when COVID-19 is infected is becoming more and more obvious. The question of the possibility of the debut or progression of the already developed Parkinsonism syndrome in patients who have undergone COVID-19 is regularly raised. A large number of hypotheses are put forward to explain this relationship. It is assumed that a violation of iron metabolism in the brain may underlie the development and progression of neurodegenerative diseases, including after the new coronavirus infection SARS-CoV-2. The analysis of stu dies on the possible influence of iron metabolism disorders on the occurrence and mechanism of development of neurodegenerative diseases after infection with SARS-CoV-2 has been carried out. The processes of physiological maintenance of iron homeostasis, as well as the influence of physiological aging on the accumulation of iron in the central nervous system are described. The relationship between hyperferritinemia occurring in COVID-19 and ferroptosis as the basis of the neurodegenerative process in Parkinsons disease and Alzheimers disease is discussed. The main molecular mechanisms involved in ferroptosis are described. Examples of involvement of metal homeostasis disorders in the process of altering the structure of -synuclein, synthesis of -amyloid, hyperphosphorylated tau- protein are given. The causes of excessive iron accumulation in certain brain structures are discussed. The question of the possibility of using the assessment of changes in iron metabolism as a new biomarker of the progression of Parkinsons disease is analyzed. (1 figure, bibliography: 62 refs)
Additional risk factors for in-hospital ischemic stroke. Hypercoagulation syndrome
Authors: Kolomentsev Sergey V. , Shermatyuk Evgeniy I. , Tsygan Nikolay V. , Voznyuk Igor A. , Yanishevsky Stanislav N. , Odinak Miroslav M. , Litvinenko Igor V.
Published: December 2021

The risk of ischemic stroke in inpatients is higher than in the general population. This is due to both the greater comorbidity of inpatients and the presence of additional risk factors, the most studied of which are iatrogenic interventions. At the same time, the higher the probability of developing an ischemic stroke, the more risk factors the patient has. An important link in the pathogenesis of in-hospital ischemic stroke is the activation of the hemostasis system, which is an obligate consequence of a typical pathological process underlying diseases and injuries that led to hospitalization: blood loss, inflammation, mechanical tissue damage, dehydration, etc. In foreign literature, this condition is attributed to the group of acquired thrombophilia, in domestic literature the term hypercoagulation syndrome has become more widespread. Iatrogenic effects can also play an important role in the pathogenesis of hypercoagulation syndrome. It is characterized by increased readiness for thrombosis, clinical and laboratory signs of hypercoagulation, activation of various factors and components of coagulation, decreased fibrinolysis, but without the development of acute thrombosis. Hypercoagulation syndrome is rarely assessed in routine practice as a risk factor for ischemic stroke, however, it can act as an additional and main risk factor for the development of all subtypes of ischemic stroke (according to the TOAST classification), including the ESUS concept. In this regard, it is advisable to distinguish in its structure: chronic (existing before hospitalization: hereditary and/or acquired) and acute (situational, developed as a result of the underlying disease, its complications or iatrogenic effects) hypercoagulation syndromes. To designate a group of acute pathological conditions predisposing to the development of hypercoagulation syndrome, systemic and/or local thrombotic complications, including in-hospital ischemic stroke, and requiring increased preventive measures, it seems pathogenetically justified, understandable and convenient to use the term situational hypercoagulation conditions (1 table, bibliography: 19 refs)
DETECTION OF MECHANICAL STRESS LIMITING EFFECTS OF CRANE STRUCTURE DEFORMATION
Authors:   Institute of Transport, VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic, HRABOVSKY LEOPOLD , FOLTA ZDENEK ,   Department of Machine Parts and Mechanisms VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic
Published: December 2021

The paper presents a construction design and results of laboratory tests of so-called mechanical stress detectors, which can be used to detect the deformation of the steel structure of a crane and to amplify the mechanical signal from the effect of the so-called crane skewing, which is included among occasional loads acting on the crane. The values of the relative elongation of the detectors corresponding to the magnitude of the instantaneous tensile force were obtained by conducting experimental mechanical tests. Detectors of a known extent of deformation were installed on a two-girder overhead crane bridge, where they measured axial forces generated during the controlled deformation of the crane bridge. In practice, the instantaneous values of the axial forces recorded by the individual detectors make it possible to regulate the speed of the crane drive wheels and thus eliminate, in a relatively short time, the undesirable effects of deforming the crane bridge and friction of the crane wheels on the sides of the rail heads.
ANALYSIS OF INCREASING THE FRICTION FORCE OF THE ROBOT JAWS BY ADDING 3D PRINTED FLEXIBLE INSERTS
Authors:   VSB - Technical University of Ostrava, Department of Robotics, Czech Republic, SUDER JIRI , KOT TOMAS ,   VSB - Technical University of Ostrava, Department of Robotics, Czech Republic, PANEC ALAN ,   Institute of Physical Education and Sports, Ostrava, Czech Republic, VOCETKA MICHAL ,   VSB - Technical University of Ostrava, Department of Robotics, Czech Republic
Published: December 2021

3D printing technology plays a key role in the production of prototypes and final functional parts. The ability to produce almost any shape using this technology in combination with lightweight materials is often used to minimise the weight of the designed components. However, for some applications, such as robot gripper jaws, conventional most commonly used materials, such as PLA, may be unsuitable due to their low coefficient of friction on the material of the manipulated object, which in some cases may cause the object to slip in the robot jaws. This article describes a technical problem from practice, where a manipulated object made of steel material slipped in the printed PLA jaws of the robot during its working cycle. This work is devoted to increasing the friction force of the robot jaws by adding 3D printed soft inserts. Two insert surface shapes made of two flexible materials TPU 30D and TPE 88 are tested. The increase in friction force is measured on a measuring device with an industrial robot and a force measuring sensor. The most suitable type of inserts and material is then tested on a collaborative robot at its required working cycle. The results of this experiment are intended to help designers as a source of information or inspiration in designing similar applications.
Diseases connected with work in hay in Iceland. Causes and scientific studies
Authors:   Landspitali - National University Hospital of Iceland, Gíslason Davíð , Ásmundsson Tryggvi ,   Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Gíslason Þórarinn ,   Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland
Published: December 2021

Diseases connected with work in hay have been known in Iceland for a long time. In 1981 scientific studies of these diseases were started in Iceland at the request of the Farmers Union. The results of these studies are summarized in this article. In studies of hay a great amount of storage mites, moulds and thermophilic actinomycetes (microlyspora faeni) were found in addition to allergens from mice and pollen. Symptoms caused by hay dust were mainly from nose and eyes in people with positive skin tests, but cough, dyspnea and fever were equally common in those with negative skin tests. The most common causes of allergy in farming families were storage mites and cattle, but allergy to cats, dogs and grass pollen were less common rurally than in the Reykjavik area. When comparing individuals working in heavy hay dust with those working in cleaner air, the former group had a higher likelihood of having a positive precipitin test against micropolyspora faeni, fever after work in hay and airway obstruction. It was shown that Icelandic farmers were more likely to get emphysema than other people irrespective of smoking. In a large study of homes in the Reykjavik area almost no mites were found. In spite of this, positive specific IgE tests against dust mites were equally common as in Uppsala, Sweden, where dust mites were found in 16% of homes. In further studies it was found, that 57% of people in the study had been more and less exposed to hay dust. They had either been raised on a farm, been on a farm in the summer during childhood or owned horses and fed them with hay. We have argued that cross allergy to storage mites may be the cause of a rather common allergy to house dust mites. A new study of middle-aged individuals has shown that allergy to storage mites is a little more common in the Reykjavik area than in Aarhus, Bergen or Uppsala. The most likely explanation is that they have more often been exposed to hay dust.
A comparative prospective study of laparoscopic guided needle assisted hernial sac ligation versus open herniotomy surgery in congenital inguinal hernia management
Authors: Prasad Dinesh , Satani Yogesh , Bochiya Girish
Published: December 2021

Background: To evaluate if significant difference exists in surgical outcome following laparoscopic guided needle assisted congenital hernial sac ligation versus conventional open Herniotomy as later is treatment of congenital hernia and laparoscopy guided emerged as newer alternative. Objective was to know whether a significant difference exists in surgical outcomes following laparoscopic guided needle assisted congenital hernial sac ligation and conventional herniotomy in terms of mean operative time, post operative pain, recurrence, local complication, cosmetic results.Methods: Patients were randomized on basis of odd and even registrations for surgery in our institute. Patients who undergone laparoscopic guided needle assisted congenital hernial sac ligation or who undergone conventional open herniotomy for congenital hernia between November 2018 to April 2020 (50 in each arm) were followed for 1, 3, 6 and 12 months to evaluate the outcomes.Results: In our study, major complication in open herniotomy group was surgical site infection (22%), hematoma (10%), intra operative bleeding (16%), seroma formation (8%) with minimum operative duration was ~60 minutes, hospital stay of 2-3 days while no such complication reported in laparoscopic guided needle assisted hernia sac ligation group being operative time of ~20 minutes, hospital stay of 1 day with better cosmetic results.Conclusions: We conclude that laparoscopic guided needle assisted hernial sac ligation is simple, safe, efficacious with its own advantage in comparison to conventional open herniotomy and should be acceptable alternative to traditional open herniotomy approach for congenital hernia.
Correlation between D-dimer and computed tomography severity score in middle aged young adults with COVID-19 pneumonia: a retrospective study
Authors: A. Deepak Kumar , Solanke Sachin N.
Published: December 2021

Background: An unknown pneumonia broke out in Wuhan City in December 2019 and it was confirmed as an acute respiratory infectious disease caused by Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2, formerly known as 2019-nCoV). Consumption coagulopathy, which should be obviated in order to decrease mortality, arises in disseminated intravascular coagulation with a decrease in fibrinogen and an increase in D-dimer levels. However, studies on the predictive and prognostic values of coagulation parameters in the setting of patients with COVID-19 are still limited. The objective of this retrospective study was to investigate the correlation of D-dimer and computed tomography severity score in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia.Methods: The present retrospective study was conducted among 108 subjects reported COVID RT-PCR positive admitted during the study period i.e.; January-August 2021 in the department of medicine of Rural Medical College, Loni. Pneumonia was confirmed by Computed tomography (CT) examination and coagulation test completed within 12 hr after admission were enrolled. Coagulation tests, which Fibrinogen (Fib) and D-dimer were performed. CT score was categorized into mild (0-7), moderate (8-16) and advanced grade (17-25 points).Results: The mean age of male and female was 38.52±5.34 and 35.67±3.22 years respectively, with an overall age of 37.79±4.58 years. Mean D-dimer level was 0.54±0.09, 0.91±0.22 and 1.96±0.47 mcg/ml among subjects having mild, moderate and severe CT score respectively. According to multivariate analysis, higher D-dimer (OR:3.61, p<0.01) was significantly associated with CT severity score.Conclusions: Study concluded that the D-dimer level's time point was matched to the time of CT scan, we have reasons to correlate that the D-dimer level may predict the severity of inflammation prior to coagulopathy/thrombosis.
MIGRAÇÕES INTERNAS NO BRASIL E SUA INTERFACE COM A MIGRAÇÃO INTERNACIONAL
Authors: Pimenta Marina Aparecida , Carvalho Rita de Cássia Ribeiro , Almeida Valquiria
Published: December 2021

O presente artigo objetiva realizar um panorama histórico geral acerca de algumas concepções dentro do tema da migração internacional e das migrações internas no Brasil. Com isso, pretende trazer elementos introdutórios para a pesquisa desenvolvida que seguirá com artigos que abordarão aspectos específicos do fenômeno das migrações. Para tanto, considera alguns momentos do percurso da humanidade que se tornaram um marco ou impactaram abruptamente nos fluxos migratórios internacionais e expõem dados atuais acerca do mencionado fluxo. Analisa conjuntamente os percalços do processo de migração interna no Brasil e sua condição atual através da observação de fatores publicados nas pesquisas econômicas e sociais da última década.
REGIÃO METROPOLITANA DE GOIÂNIA - RMG - OS DESAFIOS DA INTEGRAÇÃO
Authors: Yoshimoto William Martins , Fernandez Fernando Negret
Published: December 2021

O presente artigo tem por objetivo analisar os aspectos que impedem a efetiva e abrangente integração da Região Metropolitana de Goiânia (RMG) e sugerir iniciativas que consolidem esta figura de organização institucional como um instrumento de planejamento regional. Utilizou-se para tanto da pesquisa bibliográfica consultando as obras de diversos autores. A pesquisa documental foi realizada nas bases de dados do Instituto Mauro Borges (IMB), do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE) e do Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada (IPEA). Realizou-se a pesquisa de campo por meio de um questionário enviado via e-mail para as prefeituras dos vinte e um municípios integrantes da RMG, dentre as quais dez responderam e resultaram em uma grande diversidade de respostas. Estas abordaram os principais problemas que impedem a integração da RMG, o avanço do atual Plano de Desenvolvimento Urbano Integrado (PDUI) e a implantação das Funções Públicas de Interesse Comum (FPIC), além de tratar dos principais desafios e das propostas para se alcançar a integração metropolitana dos municípios envolvidos.
CIDADE E CIDADANIA: INEQUIDADES SOCIAIS E A GARANTIA AO SANEAMENTO BÁSICO
Authors: Santana Leonardo Silverio Gonçalves de , Vila Verde Mariane Reis , Mello Marcia M. Couto , Cavalcante Marilia Moreira , Silva Ana Licks Almeida
Published: December 2021

A cidade apresenta-se como produto das inter-relações entre indivíduos e o meio natural. O espaço urbano é o palco do progresso da sociedade moderna, que nesse contexto, caracteriza-se pela constante transformação do território, conflitos entre classes, segregação social e a degradação dos recursos naturais em prol dos interesses da produção capitalista. O presente artigo discute o entendimento acerca dos conceitos e diretrizes das políticas públicas de saneamento básico, os quais recaem sobre a noção de cidadania e a compreensão dos fatores históricos do desenvolvimento e urbanização das cidades. Tendo o Estado como instituição provedora e reguladora dos aspectos políticos, sociais e econômicos, o acesso aos serviços de saneamento representam os princípios de uma governança inclusiva e democrática. A metodologia adotada abrangeu a revisão bibliográfica e análise crítica dos principais teóricos sobre a temática, buscando relacionar o direito à cidade e as politicas públicas de promoção do saneamento básico.
JUVENTUDES RURAIS: A INCLUSÃO EXCLUDENTE NA EDUCAÇÃO URBANA
Authors: Silva Matheus Lucio dos Reis , Pietrafesa José Paulo , Alves Miriam Fábia
Published: December 2021

Tendo como ponto de análise a juventude rural no município de Porangatu, Norte do estado de Goiás, este artigo interroga qual o reconhecimento das especificidades desse grupo social pela oferta educacional do ensino médio da rede pública e como a configuração desse sistema educacional produz uma inclusão excludente das juventudes rurais. Para isso, foram analisados dados quantitativos referentes ao uso do transporte escolar rural e de matrículas nas escolas em áreas urbanas que ofertam vagas para a população estudantil rural. Ao refletir os tensionamentos e conflitos experienciados pelos jovens que vivem em espaços rurais a partir da convivência escolar, pode-se apontar para um processo de inclusão excludente no modus operandi desse processo de escolarização urbana desses sujeitos. Processo esse que constitui a reprodução das desigualdades sociais ao mesmo tempo realizando uma ruptura com a cultura camponesa e marginalizando-os na sociedade urbana.