bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Formation of requirements for aggregation node with application of simulation modeling of its functioning process
Authors: Anufrenko Alexander , Kanaev Andrey
Published: June 2019

Objective: To generate a simulation model of communication network aggregation node for the study of impact of structural, functional and load aggregation node parameters on characteristics of aggregate communications network traffic, which will make it possible to set adequate requirements for aggregation node if the given level of service quality will be observed for all categories of network traffic. Methods: The laws of waiting lines’ theory, graph theory, probability theory, fractal geometry, as well as a simulation modeling device were applied. Results: On the basis of simulation modeling, models of traffic generators were designed, forming video traffic, voice traffic and data traffic, as well as, considering self-similar nature of traffic and combinations of ON/OFF duration periods of different types of load coming in an aggregation node. A simulation model of an aggregation node was designed in “Extended GPSS World editor” programme, the former takes into account structural-functional parameters of a real aggregation node. Histograms of dependences of aggregation traffic characteristics (transmission frame and jitter delays) were obtained from parameters of an aggregation node. Practical importance: On the basis of the developed simulation model of an aggregation node, the values of transmission frame and jitter delays of an aggregation node are calculated, considering real load, structural and functional parameters of a simulated aggregation node. When applying the obtained calculated data, the adequacy of decision-making when planning and designing an aggregation node is increasing, in case the requirements on the level of service quality are fulfilled, as well as the adequacy of selecting an optimal type of an aggregation node from those offered by producer companies from a price/quality point of view.
Evaluation method of reconstructed railway line train-handling capacity based on simulation modeling
Authors: Kotenko Alexey , Kokuryn Iosyph , Belozerov Vladimir , Tymchenko Vyacheslav
Published: June 2019

Objective: To improve prediction estimate of traffic volume development on reconstructed railway lines. Methods: The study is dedicated to the development of simulation modeling method, statistical data processing method, as well as probability theory and method for determination of capital investments’ economic efficiency were also applied in the research. Results: A simulation modeling method of train-handling capacity estimation on a reconstructed railway line, including the validation of a reconstructed railway line modeling limits, the assessment of track possession approval, account of freight traffic characteristics and matching probability calculation of a modeled and required train-handling capacity of a railway line. A simulation modeling method of train handling on a reconstructed railway line was developed, including the procedure of assessment of train delays at stations and track possession approval, as well as checking procedure of track possession approval for the given number of freight trains. It was shown that, on the basis of simulation modeling of train handling on a reconstructed railway line data processing with track possession approval, different “categories” of freight trains handling and the duration of tracks’ occupation, matching probability of a modeled and required train handling capacity of a railway line may be assessed. Practical importance: The suggestions stated in the study will allow design engineers of organizations to assess the delay level at the stations from track possession approval when handling freight trains of different lengths and bulk, in the process of calculation of train handling capacity of railway lines.
Using of probabilistic methods for current loads estimation in traction circuit components
Authors: Bur’yanovaty Arkady , Varentsov Valery
Published: June 2019

Objective: To develop the method of calculating the electrical loads on the traction circuit components, by using data of train traffic schedule, considering the train weight differences and real-life modes of its traction under the variety of track profile, speed limitations and other parameters of traction and external electric power supply systems. Methods: To determine the mean values and dispersion of current for power supply line of traction circuit, based on the experimental runs and data from movement parameters recorders of locomotives, by type and weight of trains, the methods of probability theory and mathematic statistics were used. The current, consumed by the trains, is considered to be a random variable. Current loads of the trains is put into fixed weight, that allows to obtain statistical expectation and correlation function. Results: The ratios obtained allow to estimate general mean and effective values by sampled values within confidence limits. The paper provides the conditions, under with the current consumption functions have ergodic property cap. It also states the recommendations for train rating, based on its weight. The statistical expectations and mean square deviations of currents of traction power supply components. Practical importance: The load estimations are adjusted, that allows to determine the parameters of power circuits of electric railways in a more substantiated way. Obtained equations allow to determine the possibility of current loads bigger than given value, that should be considered while choosing the capacity of transformers, rectifiers, compensating devices, inverters, power supply and earth leads. Thus, it is possible to reach the required reliability of equipment operation and cost effectiveness of decisions.
Computer aided design of electromechanical transducer of gated traction motor by using modern software
Authors: Proshutinsky Roman , Kolodkin Oleg
Published: June 2019

Objective: To develop a system of computer aided design for electrical traction drive complex, as a component of CAD for electric rolling stock. Modern approach for electrical traction drive complex design means the development of assembly of interconnected systems, such as electrical traction motor, transducer, control system, etc. The most striking instance of such an assembly is gated traction motor, that is somehow in-between electric machines and electric drives. It is usefull to start the developing of CAD gated traction motor by developing the CAD system for electromechanical transducer of gated traction motor. Methods: In the base of CAD system under development there is a technology of design of electromechanical transducer of gated traction motor. At the stage of electromechanical transducer magnetic circuit calculation the software for simulation of magnetic fields by finite elements method was used. Results: The paper suggests the structure diagram of CAD system for electromechanical transducer of gated traction motor. Calculating software language is Octave. The paper provides the results of magnetic field calculations for electromechanical transducer of gated traction motor FEMM software for finite-element simulation. Based on the results of magnetic field calculations the curve of electromechanical transducer energizing is plot. Also the practicability of FEMM software implementation at the design stage of magnetic circuit is confirmed. Practical importance: Obtained results are useful for creation of educational and research system for CAD for electric traction drive complex. Development of CAD system for gated traction motor will allow to master methods and approaches of design for electric machines and semiconductor complexes of electric traction drives in general.
Evaluation of the formation mechanism for economically sound expenses in suburban passenger transportation
Authors: Sakovich Igor
Published: June 2019

Objective: To evaluate the economic consequences for state activity regulation of suburban passenger railway companies. Methods: The research employed the methods for calculating economically sound expenses considered in price (rate) formation for services provided by natural monopoly entities in public railway passenger transportation in suburban areas of the Russian Federation subjects. Results: Economic consequences were determined for the use of this state regulation tool for the suburban passenger complex, including its influence on the financial results of overall company activity as well as costs distribution for suburban passenger transportation between the Russian Federation subjects included in the company service range. Main factors influencing the net cost of transport operation and unit cost of transportation service were determined. Their influence over the economic factors of company operation in regions differing in passenger flow intensity and transport operation volumes was analyzed. The differences in reaction of the full-rate and discount passenger turnover to modification of service price and quality were determined. It was concluded that the current mechanism of income shortfall compensation does not provide the company with economic stimuli to reduce its operational costs. Practical importance: The research results can be used in forming an efficient mechanism for managing a suburban passenger transportation company, aimed at increasing its profitability and ensuring competitiveness on the suburban passenger transportation market.
Pollution of the lithosphere benzo (a)pyrene transport
Authors: Babak Natalya , Bavykina Ekaterina
Published: June 2019

Objective: Soil-ecological study of the area for the benzo(a)pyrene presence. Methods: Chemical analysis of soil samples (determination of benzo(a)pyrene). Results: When carrying out engineering-ecological surveys on the land plot near airport Levashovo identified sites contaminated with benzo(a)pyrene. Soil and environmental work, as part of the engineeringecological survey was carried out for examination of the soil horizons in geochemical, epidemiological and toxicological characteristics. On the territory of the investigated object 160 selected samples of the soil at the depth of 0,0–0,2; 0,2–1,0; 1,0–2,0; 2,0–3,0; 3,0–4,0 m. Analyzing the obtained data, constructed charts changes in the concentration of benzo(a)pyrene with depth. For analysis of the selected closest points to the dump-depth sampling of which is from 0,0 to 1,0 m. It is established that with increasing depth, the contamination of benzo(a)pyrene is reduced by almost 40 % from an initial reading. At points № 3 and 4 the excess is observed only on the surface. The maximum rate of exceedance is observed at point № 59 on the surface and is reduced from 0,2 to 1,0 m. Analysis of the sampling points located closer to the airfield, the depth of the selection is from 0,0 to 2,0 m, showed that the concentration of benzo(a)pyrene decreases with the deepening, but only slightly. In accordance with the obtained results, all studied territory has exceeded for benzo(a)pyrene in 3–3,5 times at the surface and 1,25–1,5 times in the depth. Practical importance: It is proposed to isolate the anthropogenic sources from possible migration of benzo(a)pyrene by using geochemical barriers. As such barriers can be used in different industrial wastes if they have geo-ecological reserve.
Geoecological assessment of acoustic screens using for protection residential areas when transportation minerals by rail
Authors: Kopytenkova Olga , Kurepin Dmitriy , Vereshchagina Ekaterina
Published: June 2019

Objective: Аssessment of acoustic screens effectiveness for protection residential areas when transportation minerals by rail. Methods: The experiment, simulation of acoustic environment. Results: Оne of the main problems of big cities is protection of population from excessive noise. To assess the acoustic screens effectiveness for protection residential areas when transportation minerals by rail were carried out noise measurements at the station Pontoon. The obtained measurement data show that the excess noise above the standard values. Therefore, to reduce noise it is necessary to conduct anti-noise measures. One of the most common means of reducing the noise of rail transport, is the use of acoustic screens. In the work carried out simulation of an acoustic screen using the program «Acoustics» at the following reference conditions: acoustic screen with a height of 5 m were installed on the site along houses № 13–16, 18, 19 A. Titenko Str (railway station Pontoon); design points were taken at a distance of not less than 1 m from the facade of buildings. The obtained simulation results show that normative values are reached only at the height of the calculation points is up to 5 m. With increasing elevation there is growing noise beyond the maximum permissible level. Research shows that the acoustic screen would be effective only at the level of 1–2 floors of the building. Low screen efficiency with increasing altitude is due to the missing in the sound area of the shadow calculated points located above 5 m. Practical importance: Revision of existing noise regulations of the railway transport in the direction of increasing the maximum allowable level by using amendments, can reduce complaints of noise from rail freight transport (in particular carrying solid minerals).
Energy efficient bio positive designs in the buildings of civil purpose for the conditions of St. Petersburg City
Authors: Kuznetsov Anatoly
Published: June 2019

Objective: Development of technical solutions for improving energy efficiency in residential buildings. Methods: Field experiment, thermal inspection of residential buildings. Results: In the conditions of rising global mean annual temperature over the last century, changed climatic parameters of St. Petersburg city. The duration of the winter period decreased by 13 days compared to the first half of the XX century due to the earlier onset of spring. The shift of the winter end has shifted to a colder part of the year and beginning remained unchanged. The winter in the district of St. Petersburg became colder. The change of climatic parameters of St. Petersburg affects the efficiency of the housing stock built since the late 90s. using the technology of monolithic housing construction. In the work conducted thermal survey of residential buildings of monolith structures in St. Petersburg. The result revealed the following defects: the formation of cold bridges in the construction of the pairing of the slabs with wall enclosing structures; disturbance of temperature and humidity conditions in residential areas; a deterioration of living conditions in the apartments; in some cases, the growth of education fungi. To create favorable conditions for human habitation designed a constructive solution that improves the thermal performance of the exterior walls. The technical solution is the use of the valve, in the thickness of the wall and provides or prevents the penetration of outside air in the air layer. Practical importance: The application of the proposed constructive solution after additional experimental studies will improve the energy efficiency of residential buildings in the context of changing climatic parameters.
Technical solutions for prevention thermal pollution of ponds within urbolandscape
Authors: Titova Tamila , Akhtyamov Rasul , Nasyrova Elina
Published: June 2019

Objective: The development and scientific substantiation of technical solutions for prevention thermal pollution of cooling pond of power facilities. Methods: Patent study, methods of system analysis. Results: Found that cooling ponds in which discharged heated water from electric power facilities, leading to thermal pollution. In connection with which the waters become unfit for housing and communal services, namely drinking and domestic water supply and recreational water use. The existing technical solution for preventing thermal pollution of water bodies have a number of drawbacks, namely low reliability due to the complexity and bulkiness of the structure; limited functionality due to not fully using the heat medium and long cold water. On the basis of the patent study of existing methods of reducing thermal pollution, the developed heat exchanger heated waters of power objects (patent RU № 134621). Designed heat exchanger characterized by enhanced functionality available ways to prevent thermal pollution due to the use of thermal energy of the heated waters of power plants for heating of cold water and correspondingly cooling the heated waters. Practical importance: The proposed by authors technical solution allows utilizing the heat energy of the heated waters of power facilities before discharge into cooling ponds. Thus, the heat exchanger prevents thermal pollution of the reservoir and consequently provides a desired level of water quality for water supply and supplies the consumers with warm water, i. e., contributes to several tasks of housing and communal services.
Analysis of oil-contaminated soil cleaning methods in emergencies at oil and gas facilities and in transport
Authors: Khalilova Diana , Yunusova Dina
Published: June 2019

Objective: Environment contamination with oil and concomitant contaminants is a burning environmental issue in many parts of Russia. Oil contamination has an effect on the overall set of soil morphological, physical, physicochemical and biological characteristics that govern its fertile and ecological functions. To reach a higher environmental safety level in the Russian oil and gas industry and transport, a multiple factor assessment of the existing oil-contaminated soil cleaning methods has been performed. Methods: Comparison of the existing oil-contaminated soil cleaning methods: mechanical, physicochemical and biological ones. Based on the systems analysis methods, phytoremediation is found to have a high potential for cleaning soils and groundwater contaminated with hydrocarbons as the above method is as a rule cheaper than any alternative soil cleaning methods. Plants do not deteriorate soil or add any secondary pollution as compared with conventional methods. In addition, the public has a positive attitude towards phytoremediation regarding it as an eco-friendly approach to cleaning contaminated soils. Results: Basic physiological and biochemical processes in plants causing a lower hydrocarbon concentration in soil are discussed. Criteria for selection of plants for phytoremediation are identified. The primary limitations on use of phytoremediation include a long soil remediation period, a significant impact of local climatic and hydrological conditions on plant growth, a plant exposure area is limited to less than 0.9 m from the soil surface (root layer), by an impossibility of growing plants in heavily contaminated soils, and also probable ingress of contaminants into food chains. It is shown that large-scale implementation of the method is held back as the method mechanisms are not sufficiently investigated. Practical importance: Phytoremediation is found to have a high potential for cleaning oil-contaminated soils and groundwater.
Some specifics of conducting health and safety hands-on training in the higher school as part of the teaching practice of a graduate student
Authors: Kiyashko Leonid , Manyakova Gulnara , Riyanova Evelina , Bredneva Tatyana , Elizarev Aleksey
Published: June 2019

Objective: studying some specifics of providing training in preparing a person for choosing the right solution in the face of most probable emergencies against the background of growing manmade activities of modern society, more frequent destructive natural calamities, political, interracial and military conflicts for the purpose of ensuring human health and safety. In the higher school, such training is conducted in studying a compulsory general professional subject called “Health and safety training course” that takes its rightful place in a set of subjects where life and health are of the first priority on the human values scale and is compulsory for all educational institutions irrespective of their specialization profile. Methods: The subjects of the theoretical part of the course may be of a general nature and be prepared by a lecturer based on a tentative syllabus of the course. At the same time, practical training and laboratory practicals in the course may be conducted as part of the teaching practice of 280401 “Technosphere safety” graduate students that have as a rule had higher education as a bachelor’s degree in the major during their senior years. Results: An extensive list of university majors requires a reasonable approach to choosing subjects for practical training and laboratory practicals in the “Health and safety training course”. It has a special significance in deciding on students’ research papers. Practical importance: A wide variety of subjects in the above training is a singularly burning issue in conducting hands-on training sessions for engineering students and also humanities or economics students in the higher education system (a bachelor’s degree, specialist degree).
Benchmarking for up-to-date risk assessment methods for safety assurance
Authors: Gabdulkhakov Roman , Yagudin Rinat , Bakhtiyarov Askar , Elizareva Elena , Marvanov Roman
Published: June 2019

Objective: Performing a multiple factor analysis of the existing risk assessment methods based on the developed applicability characteristics for a given method at risk assessment phases. To ensure both industrial and environmental safety, a risk-based approach has become specifically relevant as one of the efficient instruments used in crisis management. Methods: When a risk analysis for hazardous industrial facilities is performed for potential emergencies, such analysis should be done along two primary lines – identifying the risk for preventive protection and insurance measures to be correctly arranged and implemented, as well as forecasting how the consequences of risks actualized will evolve for immediate protective measures to be arranged and planned in good time. At the same time, there are now scores of risk assessment methods, approaches and methodical guidelines for calculation that are notionally divided into five primary groups: observation methods, supplementary methods, scenario analysis, functional analysis, statistical methods. Each risk assessment method has its own specifics, field of use, relevant parameters and qualitative and quantitative characteristics expressed. Results: maintenance and toxicological risk assessment are excluded from the risk assessment methods, the most efficient methods being identified as follows: Failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA) and Failure mode, effects and criticality analysis (FMECA), maintenance focused on reliability assurance, Human reliability analysis (HRA), Event tree analysis (ETA), Layer of protection analysis (LOPA), Structured what if technique (SWIFT). Practical importance: For making a reasonable choice between the methods, benchmarking for the above methods has been performed on which basis the most acceptable approaches are identified. The resulting risk assessment method comparison table has a practical relevance for design and research work performed in forecasting and analyzing industrial and environmental hazards.
“Railway track” module in “master of infrastructure and operation of rapid and high-speed railroads”
Authors: Blazhko Ludmila , Romanov Andrey
Published: June 2019

Objective: To report on “Railway track” module which is included in international educational program of supplementary education “Master of infrastructure and operation of rapid and high-speed railroads”. Methods: Methodological foundations of learning materials’ selection were considered, including the conducted survey of home and international experience in engineering, construction and operation of high-speed networks. Moreover, FGBOU VO PGUPS participation in research and training program of OAO “RZhD” high-speed traffic realization was characterized. Results: The experience in project realization was presented by the international creative team, which included organizations and higher educational establishments of Russia, Ukraine and France. The difficulties connected with the difference in the normative base and different methodological approaches of academic schools were analyzed, which occurred in the process of creating educational learning materials by the developers and teachers The emphasis was placed on audience make-up diversity both in the level of audience competence and the scope of specialties. The review of events related to participants’ training in Beijing Transport University of People’s Republic of China was conducted. Practical importance: The conclusion was made on the demand for supplementary educational program among students and experts.
Dynamic factor to live load regulation during structural calculation of bridges at high-speed networks
Authors: Dyachenko Leonid , Benyn Andrey , Smyrnov Vladimir
Published: June 2019

Objective: Improvement of dynamic analysis method of simple beam spans in the process of high-speed trains impact. Methods: Mathematical modeling with numerical and analytical methods of building mechanics was applied. Results: The parameters of high-speed trains influence on simple beam spans of bridges were analyzed. The method of dynamic factor to live load determination was introduced. The reliability of the method in question was corroborated by the results of numerical simulation of high-speed trains’ movement by beam spans with different speeds. The introduced algorithm of dynamic analysis was based on the connection between maximum acceleration of a beam span in resonance vibration mode and the basic factors of stress-strain state. The method in question makes it possible to determine both maximum and bottom values of main loading in a construction, which determines the possibility of endurance tests. It was noted that dynamic additions for the components of stress-strain state (bending moments, shear force, vertical deflections) were different. The fact in question determines the necessity of differential approach application to identify dynamic factors in the process of calculation testing on the first and the second groups of limit states. Practical importance: The method of dynamic factors’ determination presented in the study makes it possible to perform dynamic analysis and determine the main loading in simple beam spans without application of numerical modeling and direct analytical analysis, which considerably reduces labor costs on engineering.
Carrier ethernet network operation scenario and the assessment of control cycle duration
Authors: Login Elina , Kanayev Andrey , Sakharova Maria , Muravtsov Alexey
Published: June 2019

Objective: To develop a formalized algorithm of carrier class network Carrier Ethernet operation and, by means of the latter, obtain an assessment of control cycle duration for intelligent control system (ISU) of the network in question. The given operation scenario is different from those currently in use by an account of processes of the new generation Carrier Ethernet network, failures’ identification and reconstruction of network elements by means of core control technologies of elements’ status (OAM technologies) and application of statistically defined change traffic (distributive laws) of Carrier Ethernet network elements’ status. Methods: In order to achieve the objective in question the following methods were applied: signature method, statistical method and neural networks. Results: The building principles of Carrier Ethernet network were presented and its OAM architecture was formed. In accordance with the analyzed types of Carrier Ethernet network connections and failure control mechanisms on the basis of OAM, control process and Carrier Ethernet network operation scenario was developed. Practical importance: The obtained operation scenario of the new generation network and the assessment of ISU control cycle of Carrier Ethernet network makes it possible to formulate the requirements to perspective operation system, whereas the assessment result of Carrier Ethernet network operation cycle duration allows one to determine probabilistically time response characteristics of network functioning and assess the input of different subprocesses in the total process time. The presented building principles of Carrier Ethernet network make it possible to solve the task halfway, which is aimed at the necessity of building a unified methodological basis for the formation of perspective operation system for the network in question.
The specificities of train control system at Moscow-Kazan-Yekaterinburg high-speed network
Authors: Nikityn Alexander
Published: June 2019

Objective: To consider the requirements for the train control system (SUDP) at “Moscow-Kazan-Yekaterinburg” high-speed network (VSM). To develop system-wide requirements for SUDP, including the selection of the structure and composition of subsystems. Methods: Computer-based interlocking with contactless control of vehicles should be applied at the stations as the main means for train traffic control. Vocal frequency track circuits were determined as the major means for free and busy status control of track at stations and blocks, an information channel giving an update of a track ahead, and the means for a rail integrity test. Stationary equipment for train collision avoidance via radio channel is to provide train traffic with speeds up to 400 km/h, multiple-aspect ALS-YEN (integrated continuous automatic cab signaling system), depending on control technology with speeds up to 250 km/h and ALS (automatic locomotive signaling system) – up to 160 km/h. Results: The issues of providing reliable and safe functioning of SUDP were considered, as well as liveness and interoperability. Practical importance: Control system realization in the suggested configuration with combined data communication via radio channel and conventional ALS and ALS-YEN facilities will make it possible to provide train traffic collision avoidance backup, as well as interoperability with high-speed transport lines.
Keywords: High-speed network, train control system, centralized traffic control, computer- based interlocking, train traffic collision avoidance, radio-block center.
Radio communication systems high-speed railway transport
Authors: Royenkov Dmitriy , Plekhanov Pavel , Shmatchenko Vladimir
Published: June 2019

Objective: To study the main approaches to organization of radio communication on high-speed railroad transport, to determine the requirements for functional capabilities and the structure of radio communication systems. Methods: The analysis of modern international and home practice in the sphere of radio telecommunication systems was applied for railway transport, on the basis of application strategy of interconnected indices’ complex, including reliability, availability, maintainability and safety (Reliability, Availability, Maintainability and Safety – RAMS) and cost (Life Cycle Cost – LCC) at all stages of transportation systems’ life cycle. Results: GSM-R standard was chosen as the basic one for organization of digital systems of engineering radio communication for high-speed mainlines. The choice was conditioned by the fact that the standard in question was developed for the purposes of railroad transport and is the basis for constructing European integrated railway radio enhanced network EIRENE (European Integrated Railway Radio Enhanced Network). Moreover, it was established that the most promising standard of radio communication for railway transport might be LTE (LTE-R) standard. Communication system capacity of the given standard, its applicability for the solution of the extensive range of railway radio communication tasks (including the task of providing customer radio communication) will make it possible to replace several different radio communication systems, solving specific functional tasks, by one which is more convenient and reliable. However, global and domestic experience of the standard in question application on railroad transport (including high-speed mainlines) has yet been insufficient, while the cost of LTE equipment is significantly higher compared to GSM-R standard. Practical importance: The requirements for functionality and structure of radio communication systems for high-speed networks were stated, including the requirements for digital systems of engineering radio communication (basic and reserved), the system of engineering on-line repair radio communication and digital wireless data communication system. Certain standards of radio communication allow for the realization of the given requirements.
The peculiarities of constructing bridges at high-speed mainline railroads
Authors: Smyrnov Vladimir , Dyayenko Anastasia , Dyachenko Leonid
Published: June 2019

Objective: To analyze calculation and construction peculiarities of bridgework at high-speed networks (VSM). Methods: Mathematical simulation, as well as numerical and analytical methods of structural engineering was applied. Results: The main peculiarities of bridge construction at high-speed networks (VSM) were analyzed in the given study. It was proved that artificial constructions at VSM operate in the conditions which differ considerably from the conditions at common railroad lines. The former include the need in continuous welded rail design along the whole length of a bridge, requirement for high stiffness of a structure; consideration of aerodynamic influence of a rolling stock, moving with high speed, on structures, consideration of “train-bridge” system’s elements interaction in order to identify resonant modes of train operation, which result in increased dynamic impact on a bridge, railway vehicles, etc. Calculation results of a “bridge- continuous welded rail” system interaction under temperature and train influence for specific types of bridgeworks multi-span beam discontinuous and continuous elevated structures were presented in the article. The influence of length, flow diagram and longitudinal stiffness of intermediate structures on force value, occurring in the rails of a rolling stock was stated. Practical importance: The description of some peculiarities of train operation at VSM bridges, which are to be considered during design engineering, were presented as well as certain measures, providing operation security and comfort of train passengers, were suggested.
On prospects for the development of high-speed railway lines in Russia
Authors: Bushuyev Nikolay , Shulman Darina
Published: June 2019

Objective: To consider the prospects for the development of high-speed railway lines (VSM) in Russia. To analyze the fundamentals of “Updated program of high-speed railway communication on the territory of the Russian Federation” approved on November, 23rd 2015 by the decision of OAO “RZhD” board meeting and the social board on the issues of high-speed railway communication in Russia. To formulate the specificities of high-speed traffic organization: promising directions of high-speed headings realization before 2030, as well as the stages of their implementation in Russia. Methods: Multiple regression analysis, as well as the method of multi criterial decisions optimization was applied in the study. Results: The analysis of current and perspective headings was carried out, as well as such characteristics as speed and the running time of “Sapsan” high-speed trains and “Allegro”, “Strizh”, “Lastochka” rapid trains. Special attention was paid to the comparison of strategies given in “Updated program of high-speed railway communication on the territory of the Russian Federation” with the main scientific findings stated in VSM network formation part, obtained on the basis of complex approach to the solution of justification of VSM network formation stage-by-stage approach, taking into account multi criterial estimation of cities and regions’ potential and application of mathematical traffic flow model approach as part of basic regional socioeconomic indices of cities and regions, situated in the zones attractive for future VSM construction. Practical importance: The conclusion was made on the necessity to continue exploratory development in the sphere of topology specification research and stage-by-stage formation of the first VSM in Russia.
Forecasting high-speed trains’ noise levels
Authors: Tytova Tamila , Ivanov Nikolay , Shashuryn Aleksander , Boiko Yulia
Published: June 2019

Objective: The data on normative documentation in the sphere of high-speed running, developed by the authors, was presented in the article. Methods: Calculation formulas of noise characteristics of trains at 3,5 m height, as well as certain sources of train noise (current collector, frame and forebody of a train). The main methods and means of high-speed rail lines’ noise reduction. Results: The normative and technical documentation developed by the authors of the article is the first and unique operating standard in Russia, regulating VSM noise calculation methods. Practical importance: The derived formulas make it possible to perform predictive estimate of high-speed rail lines’ noise levels, including the first Russian VSM “Moscow-Kazan”.
INTEGRATED SECURITY OF TRANSPORT LOGISTICAL SYSTEM OF MULTIMODAL TRANSPORTATION
Authors: Zaytsev Yevgeniy , Konikova Yelena , Tetslav Ilya , Shaidurov Ivan
Published: June 2019

Objective: To study the conceptual approach to the problem of integrated security, involving cooperation of transport logistical system participants of multimodal transportation (TLS SP), including aerial cargo delivery system, on the principles of the unity of information environment and intellectualization of transport systems management using the global positioning system GLONASS/GPS. Methods: The methods of TLS SP systematization and structural decomposition were applied, as well as the method of TLS SP matrix simulation, considering collaboration of the means of production in case certain operations are performed by each traffic participant on all route stages from a manufacturer to a receiver. Results: Horizontal decomposition of TLS SP was performed on the principle of the unity of the main transport process, taking into account integrated security requirements at each stage of goods traffic from a manufacturer to a receiver: making up, loading, transportation on different types of transport, cargo transfer and unloading at a receiving point. The main areas of transport intellectualization in Russia and abroad were studied. The new requirements for intellectualization of airport systems, air traffic control systems and aviation services were considered, presenting a unified aviation system and determining further directions of systems study, taking into account the perturbing factors at all stages and activities of the system in question. The suggestions on TLS SP intellectualization areas at all stages of planning and transportation fulfillment from a manufacturer to a receiver were given, making it possible to provide further development of supply chain management concept and formation of 5PL-provider transportation services at the market. Practical importance: The suggestions on the formation of TLS SP integrated security system were developed, using the latest data management technologies – intellectual transport systems, in order to improve the security and efficiency of transport processes, to minimize the delays and to improve working conditions.
INFLUENCE OF BALLAST GRAIN SHAPE ON ITS STRENGTH PROPERTIES
Authors: Kolos Alexey , Chistyakov Pavel , Leus Alexey , Shekhtman Yevgeniy , Shtykov Valeriy
Published: June 2019

Objective: To assess the influence of grain shape in railroad ballast, taking dynamic impact of moving trains, on its strength properties – unit bite and the angle of internal friction. Methods: Laboratory compression tests of 25–60 mm fracture ballast stone were carried out with different shapes of grains in a triaxial compression tool by the method of consolidated R-tests. Results: The values of ballast stone unit bite and the angle of internal friction with a different degree of grain rounding were obtained. Test findings demonstrate major effect of ballast stone grain shape on its unit bite, which reduced up to 60–70 % in certain trials depending on the degree of grain rounding. Practical importance: New results were obtained which make it possible to specify the amount of reclaimed ballast, returned to track after fine cleaning, depending on the degree of grain rounding.
PERSPECTIVE DIRECTIONS FOR THE IMPROVEMENT OF ENERGYOPTIMAL PARAMETERS AND TRACTION PROPERTIES OF THE LOCOMOTIVE
Authors: Mikhalchuk Nikolay
Published: June 2019

Objective: To develop and justify energy-efficient and energy-saving control technology of traction electric drive with maximum realization of traction properties. Methods: Mathematical modeling, experimental manufacturing of prototypes of the converters and control system. Results: Theoretical justification was presented, based on refinement of the theory of energy processes in electrical circuits with solid state power controllers. It was proposed to apply electrical resistance of elements in electric power systems as a power control parameter instead of the conventional voltage. It was revealed that, in contrast to the existing analogues, semiconductor power regulators of different application with a new control parameter acquire the property of the electric variator. Technical solutions for manufacturing an innovative traction electric rolling stock were introduced with the use of advanced technical solutions of power control with adaptive control system that provides improved traction properties without shortening irreversible transformation of electric energy of power semiconductor devices. As an example, the solutions involving artificial intelligence in control systems of complex technical systems were presented, based on graphics processors, neural networks, providing parallel processing of large information arrays. Practical importance: Introduction of electric solid state variable speed with adaptive, intelligent control systems will significantly raise energy efficiency and improve the implementation of traction parameters of the locomotive.
THE STUDY OF RUNNING AND MAINTENANCE PROCESS OF ELECTRIC LOCOMOTIVES WITH BIG DATA AND SIMULATION MODELING TOOLS
Authors: Vorobiyov Alexander , Skrebkov Alexey , Lamkyn Andrey , Bodrikov Denis
Published: June 2019

Objective: To detect random components in the locomotive time budget and assess the efficiency of locomotive operation organization at a testing ground of the railroad. To optimize the system parameters of maintenance and operation of 2ES5K series electric locomotives, according to the factual data of their operation. To compare availability indices before and after the transition to service maintenance. Methods: The methods of probability theory, mathematical statistics, estimation and process-based simulation modeling were applied. Results: A list of typical for locomotive states was revealed in the process of its operation. The matrix of locomotive transitions between its states was built. Theoretical distribution laws and their numerical characteristics were determined for the components of locomotive time budget. It was established, that the types of distribution laws and their numerical characteristics differ before and after the transition to service maintenance. A discrete-event simulation model was developed in the programming environment of AnyLogic, which takes into account the dynamics of the system under examination with initial data variations for the calculation of operation and performance coefficients of locomotives. Practical importance: The simulation of 50 000 000 minutes (about 100 years) duration operating cycle of the locomotive made it possible to conclude, that the transition to service maintenance raises the efficiency of locomotive operation by way of increasing operation and performance coefficients. The designed simulation model may be applied for the solution of other optimization problems, for instance the determination of the required amount of operational fleet locomotives for the specified amount of traffic, the selection of rational sections for regular locomotives and locomotive crews.
ON THE REUSE OF THE USED MASHINING TOOL FOR WHEELSET CUTTING
Authors: Vorobyev Alexander
Published: June 2019

Objective: To consider the reuse procedure of the used machining tool for wheelset cutting. Methods: Numerical method of calculating stress state of the cutting unit of the complex hardcarbide tool designed for machining of wheels was applied, taking into account a hardenable chamfer and different angle values and its face surface. The changes of mechanical and physical properties of the tool material under the influence of temperature field were taken into consideration, as well as different laws of load distribution on contact surfaces of the tool, resulting not only in elastic but also irreversible deformations of hard alloy metal. Results: Static strength of the machining tool when machining the wheels of differential hardness was assessed with allowance for temperature and strain impact. Practical importance: The reuse procedure of the machining tool for wheelset cutting was presented.
THE ISSUES OF AXLE LOADING INCREASE AND TRAIN SPEED AT LIGHT SOIL RAILROAD SECTIONS
Authors: Kolos Irina , Svintsov Yevgeniy , Govorov Vadim , Stoyanovich Gennadiy , Gorev Andrey
Published: June 2019

Objective: To study the main problems which enterprises of track facilities may face in the process of train operation with high speeds and axle load over 25 tnf. To determine the basic factors, which affect the stability of roadbed, bearing on a weak base, in the conditions of the increased vibrodynamic impact, caused by the increase of train speed and axle load. Methods: The comparative analysis of track condition, the roadbed of which bears on strong and weak base, was applied based on statistical data. Results: It was demonstrated that the key indicator, determining construction reliability of track in general, is the efficiency of weak subgrade soil that should be identified with allowance for vibrodynamic load and reduction of strength properties of roadbed supporting subsoil under its influence. Practical importance: The analysis of the given problems made it possible to draw a conclusion on the necessity of subgrade support efficiency certificates elaboration.