bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tanggung Jawab Pelaku Usaha Maskapai Penerbangan atas Penundaan Pembayaran Dana Refund
Authors: Danian Dinda Aurelia , Made Mahendrawati Ni Luh , Putu Widiati Ida Ayu
Published: March 2021

Competition encourages companies to provide attractive offers such as promo ticket prices to giving free seats. However, many airline companies, who only want to achieve their profit targets, are willing to put aside their responsibilities and consumer rights; one of which is the delay of a flight ticket refund due to the cancellation of the flight by the airline unilaterally. This study aims to determine the form of legal protection for consumers who experience delays in paying Refund funds by airlines and to find out the forms of airline responsibility for Refund funds and settlement efforts in case of disputes. This type of research is normative juridical with a statutory approach presented in the form of legal interpretation. The results showed that the cancellation of flight schedules by airlines was not regulated in Law No. 1 of 2009 concerning Aviation, but the provisions can be seen in the Minister of Transportation Regulation Number 77 of 2011 Article 12 paragraphs 1 and 2. Permenhub Number 185 of 2015 also regulates the period of ticket refunds. Refunds can also be added with other compensation as well as Article 1453 of the Civil Code. The time period for the refund process by airlines is generally in accordance with the Regulation of the Minister of Transportation Number 185 of 2015. Settlement of consumer disputes can be done by 1) Direct compensation for losses; 2) Through BPSK by means of mediation, conciliation and arbitration; 3) Settlement of consumer disputes through litigation.
Hak Cipta Karya Seni Lukis Sebagai Jaminan Fidusia
Authors: Kencana Wati Ni Kadek Emy , Budiartha I Nyoman Putu , Sukadana I Ketut
Published: March 2021

The use of copyright for painting artworks in the Intellectual Property Law system in Indonesia provides many benefits for painters as copyright owners or copyright holders. A creator or copyright holder has Economic Rights on his work which includes the right to duplicate, display, and lease his work to third parties. Copyright Law No. 28/2014 states that copyright can be used as an object of Fiduciary security. This study aims to determine the characteristics of the copyright of painting works that can be used as fiduciary guarantees to get credit in banking and to analyze the execution of copyright guarantees of painting works if the debtor defaults The method used is normative legal research with a statutory approach and a conceptual approach, and the sources of legal materials used are primary and secondary legal materials with literature collection techniques which are analyzed in descriptive analytical form. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the characteristics of copyright in painting are providing protection for works of art and providing economic rights for the creators or copyright holders and moral rights for the creators. The execution of copyright guarantees can be done by executorial method in accordance with article 29 of the Fiduciary Law.
Kedudukan Perancang Peraturan Perundang-Undangan dalam Pembentukan Peraturan Daerah
Authors: Gede Anggarisna I Dewa , Bagus Suryawan I Gusti , Suryani Luh Putu
Published: March 2021

This study aims to determine the position and duties of the designer in the formation of regional regulations and the implementation of the designer's participation in the formation of regional regulations in Bali Province. The method in this legal research uses empirical legal research. The results show that the position and duties of the drafters of legislation in the formation of regional regulations play an important role, namely preparing to process and formulate all legal instruments and matters related to the design of legislation, while in the formation of regional regulations in Bali Province, the implementation of participation, namely the statutory designer is still there are 3 regencies / cities that have not involved the designer in the formation of local regulations. The comparison of the number of perda revoked from 2014-2019 between Provinces / Districts that involve designers and districts / cities that have not involved designers does not show a significant comparison of numbers. However, in 2018 the implementation of Designer Participation. In the Formation of Regional Regulations in the Province of Bali, it was started from the beginning to the end. So that the implementation of the participation of the new designer begins to run effectively. The legal consequence is that if the designer does not explicitly include the statutory regulations it does not explicitly state the sanctions so that there is an empty norm.
Partisipasi Masyarakat dalam Pemilihan Umum Serentak Tahun 2019 di Kelurahan Ubung Kecamatan Denpasar Utara Kota Denpasar
Authors: AYU DIAH APRILLIA I GUSTI AGUNG , Arthanaya I Wayan , Suryani Luh Putu Suryani
Published: March 2021

Election is a series of activities in voting. In this regard, the election is regulated in law no. 7 of 2017 here, it  is  explained that how the  participation of  the  connection community in  the  context of participating in the 2019 election process is related to the tittle of thesis described above, so the following problem formulation can be made: 1. How electoral system according to law 7 of 2017? 2. How is the implementation of the election in the connection village? In addition, this type of empirical research, where what is meant by empirical research is research by directly jumping into a research location located in a connecting village. With the results of this study say that as for the stages in the participation of the people in the connection village in the electoral process it can be classified into 3 stages, namely the preparation stage, the implementation stage, and the evaluation stage. Hence in this regard it is said that the phase of people’s involvement in the ubung village election was very enthusiastic because almost 49.41% of the ubung kelurahan registered and the election list still came to the polls to exercise their voting rights.
Akibat Hukum Pekerja Anak Menurut Undang -Undang Nomor 13 Tahun 2003
Authors: Winda Aditya Putra I Gusti Ngurah , Budiartha I Nyoman Putu , Suryani Luh Putu
Published: March 2021

How meaningful every child born into this world for people know the child is a precious treasure that is not betrayal by anything and for the place where he was born is the successor of the nation who will continue the nation's ideals and as a pride for Parents and others. How to accomplish it all by letting children happy childhood and toddler. While heading to maturity they have to be equipped with an education and a wide view from early on in the future. With the wide insight of a child will be able to answer his actions and produce something that will make the parents of farts because it has been in action this thesis examines how the development of children in his teenage years seen Conceptualically and through government regulations relating to the child itself.
 
Nowadays many companies are prohibited from hiring a child but in practice because of economic factors the child will work to connect the life of his family and support his family and himself that the child works in a The company must have permission from his parents in writing and not interfere with school hours as well as the impact that occurred to children working under the age seen from the health aspect is very influence on brain development and child thinking power It becomes low and shallow has no logic of thinking as well as the educational aspect of the child becoming dropouts and this is very influential in the future of the child in terms of low quality and the psykhoology aspect of the child experiencing depression .
Pelaksanaan Peraturan Daerah Tata Ruang Kabupaten Gianyar Terhadap Pembangunan Fasilitas Pariwisata Sempadan Sungai Ayung
Authors: Darmayasa I Kadek , Seputra Luh I Pt Gd , Suryani Putu
Published: March 2021

Tackling the negative impact on the environment and in order to create a good spatial layout of the Regency of Gianyar, it is necessary to control the use of space. Control of spatial use can be done through spatial zoning, licensing, intensive and disintensive spatial planning. Problem Formulation (1) What is the arrangement for the construction of river border tourism facilities? (2) How is the Implementation of Regional Regulation Number 16 of 2012 Concerning Spatial Planning in Gianyar Regency in the construction of tourism facilities? The method of writing scientific papers uses Empirical law. This research chooses the location in Banjar Kedewatan Anyar, Kedewatan Village, Ubud District, Gianyar Regency which is one of the areas traversed by the Ayung River, the development of tourism supporting facilities in the form of hotels, villas, home stays and many others in its implementation refer to the Act Law Number 26 of 2007 Concerning Spatial Planning Article 6 Paragraph 1 and for the distance regulated in Regional Regulation Number 16 of 2012 concerning Spatial Planning for the Gianyar Regency in Article 37 paragraph 2 which states that the distance of the river border, the Spatial Planning Rules can be it has been calculated that 89% has been running well and 11% of the existing spatial plan deviations are due to the lack of preparation and even tend not to seriously consider the reality of traditional land use patterns that develop traditionally in the community.
Perlindungan Konsumen Atas Kerusakan/Kehilangan Pakaian Pada Jasa Usaha Laundry di Denpasar
Authors: Dodik Wijaya I Komang , Budhiarta I Nyoman Putu , Wesna Putu Ayu Sriasih
Published: March 2021

As is known from the openness that will provide so many challenges one of which is the increasing problem of consumer protection. Nowadays with sophisticated technology creating a new rental service, namely Laundry. Law No. 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection can be the basis for consumers and consumer protection agencies to empower and protect the interests of consumers, and make businesses more responsible. The formulation of the problem that can be raised is What is the legal
protection of Laundry consumers for damage / loss of goods? and What is the responsibility of the Laundry business actor for damage / loss of goods? Based on these problems, it can conduct a thesis research on Consumer Protection for Damage / Loss of Clothing in Laundry Business Services in Denpasar by using an empirical type of research. Consumers  who  are  harmed  by  the  negligence  of  the  business  actor  can  hold  the business actor responsible for the loss, and claim compensation for the losses they have suffered, this has been stated in Article 7 letter G of the UUPK. The forms of responsibility for laundry businesses differ between business operators. In the case of giving compensation to consumers, business actors in accordance with Article 19 of the UUPK must provide compensation no later than 7 days, if the time limit is passed then the consumer can sue the business actor.
Pembebanan Hak Tanggungan dalam Pemberian Kredit Pada Lembaga Perkreditan Desa (LPD)
Authors: Agus Saputra I Nyoman , Putu Budiartha I Nyoman , Sri Astiti Ni Gusti Ketut
Published: March 2021

In 1984, the Provincial Government of Bali issued an idea to help the pakraman village in carrying out its cultural function. With Governor's Letter Number 972 of
1984, November 1, 1984 concerning Village Credit Institutions. This type of research is normative research, the source of legal material consists of primary and secondary  legal  materials. Analysis of legal materials with  interpretation analysis. The results of the study show that the granting of credit to rural Credit Institutions with guaranteed mortgage rights, is set forth in a credit agreement between the LPD and the customer who is also required to get approval from adat Bendesa, in this case to apply adat sanctions when bad credit occurs. The position of adat "sanctions" is as a last resort after other efforts have not been successful with the aim that credit arrears can be repaid. In the application of strict and objective adat "sanctions", it is very necessary, because the adoption of adat "sanctions" based on the existence of nepotism elements can cause a crisis of the banjar / adat community members' trust in the existence of prajuru and awig-awig who have been highly respected and obeyed. Bali Provincial Governor Regulation No. 44 of 2017 binds to the imposition of mortgage rights in the granting of loans to the LPD that only applies to the local traditional village, in this case the LPD is a savings and loan business entity owned by the customary village. Therefore, from the very beginning in the credit agreement an effort was made to form a binding agreement according to the awig-awig of the traditional village and which appeared in the recommendations of the management. If a bad credit occurs, it can be resolved in a village paruman by imposing customary "sanctions" which are part of the power in resolving any violations or disputes that are there because of original autonomy, namely in an effort to provide legal protection for one of its assets. And bad credit customers who do not carry out the   obligations   as   set   forth   in   the   credit  agreement  are   imposed   with confiscation of collateral that is bound by the imposition of mortgage rights for immovable property.
Penyelesaian Sengketa Penggelapan Hasil Kebun di Atas Tanah Landerform
Authors: MURDA SOMA WIDYA IDA BAGUS MADE , Sepud I Made , Sukadana I Ketut
Published: March 2021

Evasion is an act that is detrimental to the country's economy, in the last period of evasion activity is assessed faster making money than having to work by following the rules in each company. The behavior of society reflects the lack of moral value in Indonesia, especially the deed is done once-times without thinking of the consequences of what is made to underestimate the prevailing positive laws in the country. Concrete problems raised in this writing are what is the arrangement of the land of the reform? How is the resolution of a land garden reform dispute? This research is the edibility of normative law. The results show that the prevailing law is not so important for some who have power over a building or land tenure and prefer the power of land that should not be privately owned. The arrangement on land soil reform is a prohibition aimed at all those who want to control the land beyond their ability or part without permission and inform the intention in advance to others. Dispute settlement of land garden result of soil reform can be resolved by non litigation (excluding court) and litigation (court), where in the case that the author is supposed to settle the problem in a non-conscientious manner Litigation or outside court, but the victim chooses the litigation path to be able to prove exactly the land rights and losses arising from the evasion of the suspect
Tindak Pidana Pengguguran Kandungan Oleh Korban Perkosaan dalam Pembaharuan Hukum Pidana Indonesia
Authors: MAHAYANA KADEK JIYOTI , Putu Budiartha I Nyoman , Widyantara I Made Minggu
Published: March 2021

Abortion is a very contradictory problem, of course there are also those who support and those who oppose abortion, which often affects women who experience pregnancy as a result of rape, because women who are aborted who abort abortion also need attention to their psychological condition that is traumatized regarding events that have happened to him. As for the problems faced, namely: Protection in the Criminal Code against victims of rape who had an abortion? And How does the crime of miscarriage by the victim due to rape in the renewal of the Criminal Law Act? The type of research used is normative research and conceptual approach. Where in the results of this study it can be seen that the legal protection of rape victims who have aborted content in the Criminal Code has been neglected by clearly prohibiting all abortion activities either at the request of the woman herself or with the help of others described in Article 346 to Article 349 of the Criminal Code but there are exceptions where women who are victims of rape who have had an abortion which can cause psychological trauma whose arrangements are set out in law no. 36 of 2009 Article 75 paragraph (2). In the Renewal of Criminal Law Regulations on abortion are regulated in the Criminal Code 2019 of Chapter XXI included in the Criminal Acts against Lives Part Two concerning Abortion of Article 470 to Article 472 RUUKUHP 2019.
Pelaksanaan Perubahan Hak Guna Bangunan yang Dibebani Hak Tanggungan Menjadi Hak Milik Untuk Rumah Tinggal
Authors: Kresna Purnama Komang Adhi , Alit Puspadma I Nyoman , Sri Astiti Ni Gusti Ketut
Published: March 2021

This study aims to analyze the implementation of changes in building rights that are burdened with mortgage rights into ownership rights for households The research method used in this study is normative legal research The approaches used in this research are the statute approach and the case approach The technique of processing legal materials that have been collected is  done qualitatively data processing is done by describing and describing all legal materials as a result of document studies and interviews which are perfected with literature studies and studies of applicable provisions The results of this study indicate that the Implementation of the Changing of Building Rights to Ownership Rights in the Land Office is processed in accordance with the provisions of the State Minister for Agrarian Affairs / Head of the National Land Agency Number 5 of 1998 These changes can be made at the request of the right holder with written approval from the Underwriting Rights holder accompanied by a Mortgage Certificate at the Land Office where the object of the Mortgage is located And for the Implementation of Changes in Building Use Rights that are still burdened with Mortgage Rights into Ownership it has legal consequences that the  ortgage in question is written off (stated) as stated in the provisions of Article 18 paragraph (1) letter d  of  the UUHT but does not cause the cancellation of guaranteed debt
Sanksi Pidana terhadap Siswa yang Melakukan Tindak Pidana Penganiayaan Kepada Guru
Authors: TRIVENI KOMANG DEVI , Dewi Laksmi , Suryani Luh Putu
Published: March 2021

Education is the main thing that will sustain the progress of a nation. Teachers are professionals who have the task of teaching to educate and train. The teacher's task is to teach students to have knowledge and skills in each subject area. In carrying out its obligations, Teachers are protected by Article 39 Paragraph (1) of Law Number 14 of 2005 concerning Teachers and Lecturers and is strengthened by the issuance of Government Regulation Number 74 of 2008. In implementation, Teachers often get unpleasant treatment such as maltreatment committed by their  students  until causing death to the teacher and criminal sanctions which can be imposed on the student referred  to  Article  338 regarding  Murder where the persecution intentionally  takes the lives of others. The formulation of the problem (1) How are the criminal acts of maltreatment committed by students to teachers?  (2) What about criminal sanctions for students who commit acts of mistreatment to teachers?  This study uses normative legal methods and analysis of legal interpretation and exposure. In the Criminal Code Chapter XX concerning persecution. In addition, the Criminal Code has compiled several articles on maltreatment and also various types of maltreatment that already have different criminal threats.
Perlindungan Hukum Bagi Pemegang Merek Terhadap Pemalsuan Merek Fashion
Authors: Sagung Laksmi Dewi Anak Agung , Ari Cahyani Ni Made Dwi , Sukaryati Karma Ni Made
Published: March 2021

Trademark as one manifestation of intellectual property has an important role for the smooth and increased trade in goods and services in the trade of goods and investment. As for the problems in writing this thesis, What about legal protection for trademark
holders against falsification of fashion brand violations? This research uses normative research methods. Another name for  normative law  is  doctrinal law  research, also referred to as document library research or document study. This study uses a statutory and conceptual approach. Existing legal protection also applies to trademark holders as protection provided to legal subjects in the form of both preventive and repressive legal instruments. Settlement of legal violations of registered trademarks, is in Article 83 paragraph (3)  of  Law  Number 20  of  2016  Regarding Trademarks and  Geographical Indications which use the Commercial Court channel as an institution to resolve trademark disputes, infringement of wellknown marks can be resolved through legal channels civil and criminal law lines. Legal remedies for trademark rights against Fashion Zara brand product offenses can file Civil and Criminal Lawsuits for damages and also proceed in a commercial court in accordance with the provisions stipulated in article 83 of Act No. 20 of 2016 concerning Trademarks and Geographical Indications. The suggestion is to socialize the importance of registering trademarks for legal protection to trademark holders so that trademark owners will increase their awareness to register trademarks used.
Fatores associados à gravidade das reações transfusionais ocorridas em hospital de ensino, na cidade de São Paulo, entre 2007-2019
Authors:   Hospital São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil, Luiz Grandi João , Catherina Nema Areco Kelsy ,   Departamento de Informática em Saúde, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (Unifesp), São Paulo, SP, Brasil, Chiba Akemi ,   Hemocentro, Hospital São Paulo, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (Unifesp), São Paulo, SP, Brasil, Melca Barros de Oliveira Maria ,   Hemocentro, Hospital São Paulo, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (Unifesp), São Paulo, SP, Brasil, Aparecida Barbosa Dulce ,   Escola Paulista de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (Unifesp), São Paulo, SP, Brasil
Published: March 2021

Introdução: Reações transfusionais podem acarretar sérias consequências aos receptores de hemocomponentes. Objetivo: Analisar a proporção de reações adversas quanto ao grau de severidade observado nas transfusões de sangue e identificar os fatores associados à gravidade dos incidentes transfusionais imediatos. Método: Estudo longitudinal retrospectivo de avaliação epidemiológica das reações transfusionais imediatas ocorridas entre 2007-2019 em hospital de ensino. Resultados: Das 332.222 transfusões sanguíneas administradas, foram reportadas 1.448 notificações de reações transfusionais imediatas. A média de incidência de reação transfusional foi de 4,4 por mil/ano. As reações moderadas e graves representam 13,5% do total dos eventos. Hemoglobulina e hematócrito não apresentaram distribuição normal (p ≤ 0,001). Conclusões: A análise dos dados possibilitou avaliar a prática transfusional na instituição, que se mostrou adequada, refletindo os constantes esforços para retroalimentar o Sistema Nacional de Hemovigilância. A gravidade das reações está associada à unidade de internação, sendo mais frequentes as graves nas unidades críticas e semicríticas, porém o estudo demonstrou que não se deve negligenciar as reações leves.
Registro e perfil ecotoxicológico de produtos para controle de Aedes aegypti
Authors:   Laboratório da Farmacognosia, Universidade de Brasília (UnB), Brasília, DF, Brasil, Mendes Gomes Magalhães Natalia , Lima e Silva Raquel ,   Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária, Brasília, DF, Brasil, Salmen Espindola Laila ,   Laboratório da Farmacognosia, Universidade de Brasília (UnB), Brasília, DF, Brasil
Published: March 2021

Introdução: Arboviroses transmitidas pelo Aedes aegypti têm grande relevância para a saúde pública, sendo o controle químico do vetor uma importante estratégia de mitigação. Entretanto, o uso intensivo de pesticidas está associado a seleção de insetos resistentes e impacto ambiental. Por isso, é essencial desenvolver e regulamentar novos produtos, eficazes e sustentáveis. Objetivo: Descrever os requisitos para regulação de inseticidas e repelentes no Brasil, à luz de orientações internacionais. Comparar os ativos regulamentados no país com os disponíveis nos Estados Unidos (EUA) e União Europeia (UE). Por fim, realizar um levantamento de estudos ecotoxicológicos dos ativos empregados no controle vetorial. Método: Revisão narrativa de instrumentos regulatórios nacionais e internacionais, literatura científica, consulta a agências regulatórias e ao ECOTOX Knowledgebase. Resultados: As normas brasileiras trazem exigências consoantes com as internacionais. Todos os ativos disponíveis nos EUA têm monografia aprovada pela Anvisa; já a UE mostrou-se mais restritiva. Há menos repelentes tópicos disponíveis no Brasil e na UE, comparando-se com EUA. Muitos dos inseticidas aprovados para controle vetorial representam risco para organismos não alvo. Ainda assim, não identificamos quaisquer estudos para alguns dos produtos no banco de dados pesquisado. Conclusões: A UE mostrou-se a agência mais restritiva com relação ao registro de inseticidas. Existe a necessidade de guias com orientações específicas sobre o desenvolvimento de produtos inovadores para o controle do mosquito, bem como de ferramentas de busca com maior transparência na página da agência brasileira. Finalmente, esta revisão reitera a importância de análises ecotoxicológicas mais abrangentes para os produtos em questão, considerando seu potencial dano ambiental.
Síndrome respiratória aguda grave em indígenas no contexto da pandemia da COVID-19 no Brasil: uma análise sob a perspectiva da vigilância epidemiológica
Authors:   Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brasil, Nicoleti Turazza da Silva William , Prado Rosa Maria Fernanda ,   Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brasil, Saramago Mendonça Kaio ,   Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brasil, de Assis Queiroz Giulia ,   Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brasil, Vilges de Oliveira Stefan ,   Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brasil
Published: March 2021

Introdução: As populações indígenas são mais vulneráveis a infecções respiratórias e enfrentam situações que podem agravar a evolução e o prognóstico da COVID-19. Nesse contexto, identificar os grupos expostos a maior risco e propor estratégias de predição, prevenção e controle são as premissas da vigilância epidemiológica. Objetivo: Analisar o impacto da pandemia da COVID-19 na população indígena brasileira a partir das internações por síndrome respiratória aguda grave (SRAG). Método: Estudo epidemiológico, descritivo e quantitativo dos casos de SRAG em pacientes autodeclarados indígenas notificados ao Sistema de Informação de Vigilância Epidemiológica da Gripe (SIVEP-Gripe) da Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde do Ministério da Saúde (SVS/MS) do Brasil, de 1º de janeiro a 16 de junho de 2017, 2018, 2019 e 2020. Resultados: O total de casos de SRAG foi de 688, com 318 confirmados para a COVID-19. Dos pacientes com a SRAG, 237 evoluíram com alta e 211 com óbito. Para a COVID-19, 81 evoluíram com alta e 155 com óbito. Casos e óbitos por SRAG e COVID-19 predominaram no sexo masculino. Houve pico de casos e óbitos entre os menores de 1 ano e entre maiores de 50 anos. Para SRAG, predominaram casos e óbitos rurais e para COVID-19, urbanos. Houve predomínio de casos da SRAG e COVID-19 nos estados do Amazonas, São Paulo e Pará. Já os óbitos predominaram nos estados do Amazonas, Pará e Roraima. Conclusões: As populações ficam sujeitas a situações de maior vulnerabilidade durante a pandemia, constituindo risco para suas saúdes e para o seu patrimônio. Mais pesquisas e ações de vigilância epidemiológica efetivas voltadas para essa população se mostram essenciais.
Previsões de máximo de casos confirmados e óbitos de COVID-19 no Brasil
Authors:   Universidade Federal do Pampa (Unipampa), Uruguaiana, RS, Brasil, Maximiliano Dutra Carlos
Published: March 2021

Introdução: A COVID-19 teve início em dezembro de 2019 na China e em fevereiro de 2020 no Brasil. Até 29 de agosto de 2020, o Brasil possuía 3.717.156 casos confirmados (60,6% do total da América e 15,0% do total mundial) e 117.665 óbitos (59,4% do total da América e 14,0% do total mundial), ocupando o segundo lugar no mundo. Objetivo: Estimar limites máximos para os quantitativos de casos confirmados e óbitos por COVID-19 no Brasil. Método: A estimativa dos máximos de casos confirmados e óbitos foi realizada através da aplicação de regressão não linear com ajuste da função Gompertz aos dados de COVID-19 registrados até final de agosto de 2020. Resultados: Como resultados foram obtidos máximo de 7.189.300 casos confirmados, com 95,0% do máximo atingidos em fevereiro 2021 e 164.810 óbitos, com 95,0% do máximo atingidos em dezembro 2020. Conclusões: Essas previsões expressam a tendência da evolução temporal dos dados notificados de COVID-19 pelo Our World in Data. Eles não consideram a subnotificação no número de contaminados e de óbitos, tendo em conta a limitada capacidade de testagem da população e a existência de contaminados assintomáticos não contabilizados. Estes fatores somados ao relaxamento descontrolado das medidas preventivas individuais e do distanciamento social poderão ter um efeito significativos nas previsões do modelo matemático usado neste trabalho e no entendimento da transmissão do vírus no Brasil.
CRISES E PRECIFICAÇÃO DE ATIVOS NO MERCADO DE CAPITAIS BRASILEIRO: OS CINCO FATORES DE FAMA & FRENCH
Authors: Moreira Kleverson Dáliton Silva , Penedo Antonio Sergio Torres , Pereira Vinicius Silva , Ambrozini Marcelo Augusto
Published: March 2021

O mercado de capitais é importante para o desenvolvimento do país, remunerando aplicadores e possibilitando aplicação dos valores em atividades produtivas. Contudo, quebras estruturais, sejam estas locais em âmbito internacional, levam à alteração das relações dos fatores de risco relacionados ao retorno das ações ao longo do tempo, inviabilizando a utilização de técnicas de precificação de ativos. Desta maneira, este estudo tem o objetivo de identificar como instabilidades econômicas influenciam no comportamento dos Cinco Fatores de Fama & French em relação ao retorno das ações negociadas no mercado de capitais brasileiro, aplicando regressões com dados em painel utilizando os Cinco Fatores de Fama & French, considerando diferentes períodos macroeconômicos. Os resultados demonstram que os fatores são aplicáveis ao mercado brasileiro, sendo que todos apresentaram relações estatisticamente significantes. Além disto, foi possível observar que períodos de crise, afetam as relações verificadas, indicando maior sensibilidade ao risco por parte dos investidores, principalmente ao analisar as variáveis tamanho e nível de investimento.
Gobernanza glocal/global deliberativa hacia la normativización democrática: la necesidad de legitimidad en compatibilización de las medidas pandémicas de excepción vs. derechos humanos
Authors: Teixeira Anderson Vichinkeski , Gomes Caldas Roberto Correia da Silva
Published: March 2021

La lucha contra la pandemia de la COVID-19 puso una serie de medidas de emergencia sobre la mesa de los Estados más afectados que, en nombre de la protección de la salud pública, plantean serias dudas sobre su compatibilidad con la protección universal de los derechos humanos. Al limitar absolutamente libertades individuales muy básicas, ciertas medidas restrictivas fueron interpretadas como reales excepciones constitucionales. Al tratar de enfrentar el problema de la incompatibilidad, desde el punto de vista de la legitimidad social de las medidas excepcionales pandémicas y la protección general de los derechos humanos, esta investigación buscará desarrollar aspectos relacionados con su normativización en ámbito mundial por medio de la noción de gobernanza glocal/global democrática y deliberativa. Esta noción se entiende, sobre todo, como un instrumento para la realización del constitucionalismo transnacional en creación de un “derecho común de cooperación” en términos häberlesianos. Metodológicamente, se utilizará un enfoque analítico-descriptivo de acuerdo con el método deductivo y con la ayuda de referencias bibliográficas y documentales cuando se aborden las nociones de estado de excepción vs. derechos humanos, riesgos y gobernanza en el contexto de la actual globalización. De este modo, la hipótesis central se desarrollará mediante la articulación de tales categorías conceptuales dentro de un marco transnacional teórico-constitucional y de derechos humanos. En este sentido, el objetivo es trazar las características generales de estandarización de esta gobernanza glocal/global deliberativa. Se concluye que hay necesidad de superar legítimamente, con los recursos dromocráticos de concertación junto con los ordenamientos jurídicos de cada Estado, los desafíos de la pandemia creados por la sociedad contemporánea del riesgo y de la información.
En Brasil, ¿quién no puede lavarse las manos?
Authors: Siqueira Pontes José Antonio
Published: March 2021

La crisis de la COVID-19 pidió a la comunidad intelectual que reflexionara. En el ámbito jurídico, en Brasil y en el mundo, se están adoptando medidas extraordinarias con amenazas a los derechos fundamentales. Seleccionamos las ideas principales de filósofos, politólogos, economistas y medios de comunicación para trazar un mapa de las raíces de esta crisis y luego visualizar algunas afinidades causales entre el modelo neoliberal en el que vivimos, la gravedad de la crisis y los riesgos para el futuro de los derechos. Lo que es común entre la pandemia brasileña y mundial se deriva de los temas de la digitalización de la vida, la sociedad de control, la tensión entre el globalismo y el localismo, las noticias falsas y el renovado llamamiento al Estado de bienestar. El objetivo principal de este artículo es relacionar estos temas con los mayores peligros de degradación de los derechos fundamentales a la vida, a la salud, a través de los derechos asociados con el estado del bienestar social especialmente revelados por la crisis de la COVID-19. El segundo objetivo principal del artículo es analizar, además, las recientes intervenciones del Gobierno brasileño a través de decretos, que deberían fortalecer las políticas públicas de protección social con gran impacto y políticas económicas capaces de obtener resultados inmediatos en el ámbito de la salud pública y resultados a medio plazo en la reducción de la pobreza. Estas medidas de emergencia están bajo la supervisión inmediata del poder judicial brasileño, lo que revela más peligros para las garantías fundamentales de salud pública y otras cuestiones relacionadas con las libertades que la pandemia de la COVID-19 sacó a la luz. La metodología utilizada es documental descriptiva. Se analizan artículos de autores, periodistas, editoriales de periódicos y revistas seleccionados según tres criterios: i) capacidad crítica de reflexión en defensa de los derechos fundamentales; ii) importancia de autores renombrados, iii) y, lo que es más importante, el hecho de que sean reflexiones muy actuales publicadas en el contexto de la crisis de la COVID-19 en Brasil y en el mundo. Las conclusiones apuntan a factores sustantivos, no siempre evidentes, que imponen las reflexiones necesarias de las ciencias sociales y jurídicas para rastrear los posibles legados de esta crisis en la civilización del futuro y los riesgos para los derechos fundamentales en el amplio espectro de los derechos a la salud, la vida digna, la privacidad, así como al papel del renovado estado de bienestar.
Instituciones socio-jurídicas en tiempos de pandemia por coronavirus: cuando lo biológico resignifica lo cultural
Authors: Lell Helga María
Published: March 2021

Este trabajo pretende describir cuestiones que han surgido en Argentina ante la emergencia de la COVID-19 que, a su vez, sucede dentro de otra emergencia sanitaria, política y económica. En este escenario, la amenaza biológica a la vida por parte de un virus ha alterado el funcionamiento de las instituciones sociales, jurídicas y políticas. El objetivo es analizar las condiciones de construcción de las instituciones de emergencia y su posible significado normativo sobre la sociedad que debe acatarlas. Para ello, se seleccionó una serie de hechos que muestran condiciones sociológicas del ámbito de aplicación. En cuanto a la metodología, se parte de una perspectiva cualitativa y descriptiva que resalta la interseccionalidad de los fenómenos jurídicos con otras dimensiones de la vida social.
Exploring variability across cooperatives: economic performance of agricultural cooperatives in northern Ethiopia
Authors: Sebhatu Kifle T. , Gezahegn Tafesse W. , Berhanu Tekeste , Maertens Miet , Van Passel Steven , D’Haese Marijke
Published: March 2021

The number of agricultural cooperatives increased quickly in Ethiopia since the 1990s. While many papers studied the impact of membership of Ethiopian cooperatives, not much is known on their performance. This study takes a cooperative-level perspective which is unique in an African context. It compares the economic performance proxied by sales revenue and profit of a wide range of agricultural cooperatives in northern Ethiopia. Data were collected from 511 agricultural cooperatives in 12 districts of Tigray. The contributing factors of the performance are analyzed with Ordinary Least Squares regression (OLS) and Heckman selection models. Our results underscore the importance of membership size, total assets, presence of conflict among members, and union membership. Chairperson characteristics and the internal organization of a cooperative seem to be less correlated to performance.
Development of species-specific marker and molecular diversity of Conogethes punctiferalis and Conogethes sahyadriensis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)
Authors:   Department of Entomology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Gandhi Krishi Vigyana Kendra, Bangalore- 560 065, India, Kammar V. , Sagar D. ,   Division of Entomology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi-110 012, India, Chandel R.K. ,   Division of Entomology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi-110 012, India, Shashank P.R. ,   Division of Entomology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi-110 012, India, Chakravarthy A.K. ,   Division of Entomology and Nematology, ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bangalore-560 089, India
Published: March 2021

Aim: The aim of this study was to develop species specific marker for quick identification of two Conogethes species and to study their molecular diversity. Methodology: Species-specific markers were developed using mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase 1 (COI) partial gene sequences of Conogethes punctiferalis and C. sahyadriensis and they were validated. Phylogenetic tree was constructed using MEGA X program, tree robustness was evaluated by bootstrapping with 1000 replicates with all sequences of C. punctiferalis and C. sahyadriensis. Results: Bioinformatic analysis of C. punctiferalis and C. sahyadriensis COI sequences revealed that they have sufficient genetic variability to develop species specific marker. The COI based species-specific markers amplified an expected fragment size of 333 bp for C. punctiferalis and 522 bp for C. sahyadriensis, which clearly differentiate these two species. Interpretation: The species specific marker developed in this study will be useful in quick identification of C. punctiferalis and C. sahyadriensis. The use of COI gene as a marker can provide a better estimate of genetic diversity, as it is maternally inherited and can be helpful to understand evolutionary processes. Key words: Conogethes punctiferalis, C. sahyadriensis, MtCOI, Molecular diversity, Species-specific marker
In silico binding analysis of human CD40 ligand mimetic molecule, 3-(dimethylamino)-1-phenyl-1-propanone hydrochloride (3-DPH), with CD40 receptor molecules of various mammalian species
Authors:   Department of Biotechnology, Sri Venkateswara College of Engineering (Autonomous), Sriperumbudur- 602 117, India, Sivagami S. , Rathna R. ,   Department of Biotechnology, Sri Venkateswara College of Engineering (Autonomous), Sriperumbudur- 602 117, India, Nagavignesh S. ,   Department of Biotechnology, Sri Venkateswara College of Engineering (Autonomous), Sriperumbudur- 602 117, India, Ghone N.V. ,   Department of Chemical Engineering & Biotechnology, Sri Venkateswara College of Engineering (Autonomous), Sriperumbudur- 602 117, India, Sivanandham M. ,   Department of Biotechnology, Sri Venkateswara College of Engineering (Autonomous), Sriperumbudur- 602 117, India
Published: March 2021

Aim: To investigate the binding of human CD40 ligand (CD40L) mimetic molecule, 3-(dimethylamino)-1-phenyl-1-propanone hydrochloride (3-DPH), with CD40 receptor (CD40R) molecules of Homo sapiens, Cavia porcellus, Cricetulus griseus, Macaca mulatta, Mus musculus, Oryctolagus cuniculus, Papio anubis and Rattus norvegicus species using bioinformatics tool. Methodology: Three-dimensional structures of CD40Rs and CD40Ls for various mammalian species were generated using the published crystal structure of human CD40 receptor-ligand complex by homology modelling using SWISS-MODEL tool. Furthermore, human CD40L mimetic molecule, 3-DPH was docked against the generated CD40R of various mammalian species using AUTODOCK 4.2. Results: Docking studies revealed that documented HIS78 and GLN79 residues of human CD40R were the key interaction residues, which interacted with human CD40L and 3-DPH. The CD40Rs of H. sapiens, C. porcellus, C. griseus, M. mulatta, M. musculus, O. cuniculus, P. anubis, and R. norvegicus bind with 3-DPH with a binding energy -4.67, -5.22, -5.19, -4.62, -4.85, -4.63, -4.51, and -4.86 kcal/mol, respectively. Interpretation: Molecular docking studies provide crucial insight into the binding affinity and interaction of 3-DPH at the active site of CD40R of the respective mammalian species. O. cuniculus and M. musculus species were found to be appropriate animal models for further evaluation of the therapeutic effect of human CD40L mimetic molecule Key words: 3-DPH, Animal model, CD40R, CD40L, Homo sapeins, Molecular docking
Identification and characterisation of female released sex pheromone components of jute semilooper, Anomis sabulifera Guenee (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
Authors:   Crop Protection Division, ICAR-Central Research Institute for Jute and Allied Fibres, Barrackpore-700 120, India, Babu V.R. , Satpathy S. ,   Crop Protection Division, ICAR-Central Research Institute for Jute and Allied Fibres, Barrackpore-700 120, India, Reddy B.V.S. ,   Centre for Semiochemicals, CSIR-Indian Institute for Chemical Technology, Hyderabad-500 007, India
Published: March 2021

Aim: Identification and characterization of female released sex pheromone components of jute semilooper, Anomis sabulifera Guenee (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) from female pheromone gland extracts. Methodology: Electroantennogram (EAG) was carried for studying the antennal response; Gas Chromatography coupled with Electro antenna Detector (GC-EAD) was conducted for studying the antennal response of eluted compounds from female pheromone gland extract; Gas Chromatography and Mas Spectrophotometry (GC-MS) was conducted for characterization or getting complete profile of compounds present in the female pheromone gland extract based on retention times. Wind tunnel assay was conducted for studying the behavioural responses of eluted compounds from the female pheromone gland extract. Results: GC-MS profile of female pheromone gland extract revealed that the GC-EAD active region constituted (6Z,9Z)-heneicosadiene, (3Z,6Z,9Z)-heneicosatriene as active compounds. Preliminary wind tunnel studies for olfactory and behavioural responses showed blend of (6Z,9Z)-heneicosadiene (3 parts) + (3Z,6Z,9Z)-heneicosatriene (1 part) enticed 60% male adults. Interpretation: (6Z,9Z)-heneicosadiene and (3Z,6Z,9Z)-heneicosatriene are likely to be active pheromone components present in female sex pheromone glands. Blending of these two compounds in precise ratio can enhance the effectiveness of pheromone and can be used as effective strategy in jute IPM. Key words: Anomis sabulifera, Jute semilooper, Noctuidae, Sex pheromone, (6Z,9Z)-heneicosadiene, (3Z,6Z,9Z)-heneicosatriene
Change management in Higher Education: a New Perspective
Authors:   Saint Joseph University, Beyrouth, Lebanon, Maroun Fouad , El Hage Ursula ,   Saint Joseph University, Beyrouth, Lebanon
Published: March 2021

Universities need to operate a transition from the common ‘traditional’ settings towards an education that contributes to a sustainable social change by preparing students to be change agents who care for others and for the well-being of society. We designed an interpretative qualitative approach using the unique case study of a Jesuit University, based on interviews with leaders of and participants to volunteering initiatives driven by that university. The objective of the study was to identify the drivers of change of the outreach model in higher education and analyze if the Jesuit way of doing things, or Jesuit tradition, is an effective tool to drive the change in universities. Five key drivers of change were identified (communication, participation, sharing, empathy and reflexivity), all in line with the characteristics of the Jesuit tradition. Both empathy and reflexivity are drivers of change, which were not cited in previous works on change management and may be considered as the study’s added value to the conceptual framework. The results of this study need to be confirmed on a larger sample of participants and would be enriched by a benchmarking work on Jesuit-led outreach bodies.
SAARA OCIDENTAL: HISTÓRIA, ATUAÇÃO DA ONU E INTERESSES EXTERNOS
Authors: Sydow de Barros José Maria
Published: March 2021

O presente artigo tem como objetivo responder a seguinte questão: Quais são as principais razões que permitem que o impasse para a resolução do conflito no Saara Ocidental, que se iniciou na década de 70, perdure até os dias atuais, mesmo com o estabelecimento da MINURSO, em 1991? A hipótese considerada é que o impasse na resolução do conflito no Saara Ocidental perdura até os dias atuais devido a interesses político-econômicos e à ingerência/ interesse de importantes atores geopolíticos mundiais, impedindo que a diplomacia intermediada pela ONU, por meio da MINURSO, alcance o sucesso e a solução desejada. No intuito de buscar a resposta para o problema proposto, por meio de uma pesquisa bibliográfica qualitativa, inicialmente foi realizada uma análise do histórico do conflito até a implementação da MINURSO, seguida pelo detalhamento daquela missão e, por fim, abordou-se os interesses econômicos, estratégicos e geopolíticos dos principais atores mundiais envolvidos na questão saaraui. Na conclusão, constata-se que, desde o princípio do conflito, o envolvimento de importantes atores geopolíticos contribuiu para o início e para a manutenção do impasse ao longo dos anos, motivados, principalmente, por interesses econômicos, estratégicos e geopolíticos.
AN ANALYSIS OF OPTIMAL DEVOLVED GOVERNMENT SIZE FOR GROWTH: ARMEY CURVE IN KENYA
Authors: Mose Naftlay
Published: March 2021

O presente estudo, assumindo um orçamento equilibrado, busca estimar a administração ideal de despesas de um governo descentralizado em 47 unidades subnacionais do Quênia por meio da regressão de painel ARDL e o modelo de Scully para o período 2013-2017. O modelo de estimativa examinou a ideia de Armey de uma curva quadrática que explica o nível de despesas governamentais e o nível correspondente de crescimento econômico. A análise do painel ARDL revela que o tamanho de governos descentralizados é otimizado quando as despesas representam cerca de 9,7% do Produto Interno Bruto subnacional (ou Gross County Product(GCP), em inglês). O limite estimado é maior que a participação atual dos governos nas unidades subnacionais do Quênia. O pequeno tamanho do governo em unidades subnacionais reflete o baixo nível de atividade econômica nessas localidades. Nesse sentido, o presente estudo recomenda que os governos subnacionais aumentem suas despesas orçamentárias nas áreas de infraestrutura, programas sociais e atividades econômicas para 9,7% do PIB subnacional a fim de estimular o crescimento econômico geral da região.