bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hyperbaric oxygen treatment for late radiation-induced tissue toxicity in treated gynaecological cancer patients: a systematic review
Authors: Geldof Nadine I. , van Hulst Rob A. , Ridderikhof Milan L. , Teguh David N.
Published: October 2022

Purpose

The aim of this study was to investigate the result of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) in women with treated gynaecological malignancies who suffer from late radiation-induced tissue toxicity (LRITT). Moreover, which symptoms of LRITT benefit most from HBOT was evaluated as well.

Material and Methods

An online literature search was conducted using PubMed; Embase and the Cochrane Library. Studies were included if the study examined gynaecological cancer patients who had been treated with radiotherapy, who suffered from LRITT and who subsequently received HBOT. In addition, the outcome measures were based on examining the effects of HBOT.

Results

Twenty-one articles were included. The study investigating proctitis reported an improvement and three out of four studies investigating cystitis reported decreased complaints in women treated for gynaecological malignancies. In addition, all studies reported improvement in patients with wound complications and fifty percent of the studies reported better Patient Reported Outcome Measurements (PROMS) in women with gynaecological malignancies. Finally, all studies, except one related to pelvic malignancies reported reduced prevalence of symptoms for cystitis and proctitis and all studies reported better PROMS. However, only eleven studies reported p-values, nine of which were significant.

Conclusion

This study demonstrated that HBOT has a positive effect in women with gynaecological LRITT. Within the included patient group, gynaecological cancer patients with wound complications seem to benefit most from this treatment compared to other late side effects of LRITT.
Robot-assisted endoscopic removal of a huge tricuspid valve myxoma: case report
Authors: Hung Lun-Wu , Lee Cheng-Ya , Hii Hiong-Ping , Wu Nan-Chun , Cheng Bor-Chih
Published: October 2022

Background

Cardiac myxoma is the most common benign cardiac tumor. Its tremendous size and fragile character severely bother the surgeons. Several minimal invasive approaches had been applied for radical tumor excision. The wound was forcibly enlarged for en-bloc specimen removal and prevention of debris sputtering.

Case presentation

We reported a case of huge tricuspid valve (TV) myxoma managed by robot-assisted endoscopic tumor resection and TV repair, with initial presentation of worsening shortness of breath for two months. The tumor was downsized with a morcellator and removed through a keyhole wound (1.1 cm in diameter). The patient recovered uneventfully and was discharged after four days.

Conclusions

With the first morcellator application, this might be the smallest surgical wound reported after the removal of a huge cardiac myxoma. The ICU and hospital stays were shortened. This might be effectively applied to further minimally invasive surgeries for cardiac tumor excision.
Optimized diagnosis-based comorbidity measures for all-cause mortality prediction in a national population-based ICU population
Authors: Aronsson Dannewitz Anna , Svennblad Bodil , Michaëlsson Karl , Lipcsey Miklos , Gedeborg Rolf
Published: October 2022

Background

We aimed to optimize prediction of long-term all-cause mortality of intensive care unit (ICU) patients, using quantitative register-based comorbidity information assessed from hospital discharge diagnoses prior to intensive care treatment.

Material and methods

Adult ICU admissions during 2006 to 2012 in the Swedish intensive care register were followed for at least 4 years. The performance of quantitative comorbidity measures based on the 5-year history of number of hospital admissions, length of stay, and time since latest admission in 36 comorbidity categories was compared in time-to-event analyses with the Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) and the Simplified Acute Physiology Score (SAPS3).

Results

During a 7-year period, there were 230,056 ICU admissions and 62,225 deaths among 188,965 unique individuals. The time interval from the most recent hospital stays and total length of stay within each comorbidity category optimized mortality prediction and provided clear separation of risk categories also within strata of age and CCI, with hazard ratios (HRs) comparing lowest to highest quartile ranging from 1.17 (95% CI: 0.52–2.64) to 6.41 (95% CI: 5.19–7.92). Risk separation was also observed within SAPS deciles with HR ranging from 1.07 (95% CI: 0.83–1.38) to 3.58 (95% CI: 2.12–6.03).

Conclusion

Baseline comorbidity measures that included the time interval from the most recent hospital stay in 36 different comorbidity categories substantially improved long-term mortality prediction after ICU admission compared to the Charlson index and the SAPS score.

Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov ID NCT04109001, date of registration 2019-09-26 retrospectively.
Update on the clinical trial landscape: analysis of ClinicalTrials.gov registration data, 2000–2020
Authors: Gresham Gillian , Meinert Jill L. , Gresham Arthur G. , Piantadosi Steven , Meinert Curtis L.
Published: October 2022

Background

The clinical trial landscape has evolved over the last two decades, shaped by advances in therapeutics and drug development and innovation in trial design and methods. The tracking of such changes became possible with trial registration, providing the public with a window into the massive clinical research enterprise. The ClinicalTrials.gov website was launched in 2000 by the NIH National Library of Medicine and is the largest clinical trial registry worldwide. The purpose of this analysis is to describe the composition and methodologic features of clinical trials as registered on ClinicalTrials.gov and to identify trends over time.

Methods

We analyzed data from the publicly available Clinical Trials Transformation Initiative Aggregate Analysis of ClinicalTrials.gov (AACT) database, focusing on trials (interventional studies) started between 1 January 2000 through 31 December 2020. Characteristics of design (e.g., phase, randomization, use of masking, number of treatment groups, sample size), eligibility criteria (age groups, gender), interventions, conditions, and funders (primary sponsor) were tabulated over time, by year trial started.

Results

There were 274,043 registered interventional studies (trials) included in the analysis. Most trials were reported as randomized (65%); single site (60%); parallel-group (56%); funded by other sources (e.g., individuals, universities, and community-based organizations) (65%); and involving drug interventions (55%). Notable trends include an increase in the proportion of registered trials without FDA-defined phases (“Phase N/A”) over time, a decrease in proportion of trials that involve drugs or report treatment as a primary purpose, declining sample size and time to complete trials, and an increase in proportion of trials reporting results among completed trials. The proportion of missing registration fields has also decreased over time and more trials make protocols and other documents available. There is a current need to expand the registration fields in ClinicalTrials.gov to adapt to the evolving trial designs and reduce the number of trials categorized as “other.” Observed trends may be explained by changes in trial regulations as well as expanding and evolving trial designs, interventions, and outcome types.

Conclusions

Clinical trial registration has transformed how trial information is accessed, disseminated, and used. As clinical trials evolve and regulations change, trial registries, including ClinicalTrials.gov, will continue to provide a means to access and follow trials over time, thus informing future trial design and highlighting the value of this tremendous resource.
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome secondary to olanzapine, a presentation with severe acute kidney injury requiring hemodialysis: a case report
Authors: Chang Chee Keong , Payus Alvin Oliver , Noh Malehah Mohd , Lansing Meryl Grace , Sumpat Doreen , Lu Sooth Jiun Andrea , Yew Boon Teong
Published: October 2022

Background

We present this case to draw attention to the importance of early diagnosis in terms of life-saving, noting that greater awareness is important among healthcare professionals. Our patient developed neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) after his neuroleptic drug dosage was increased. His condition was complicated by acute kidney injury (AKI) which required hemodialysis. The uniqueness of this case is that the causative agent of NMS is an atypical antipsychotic, and atypical antipsychotics are generally considered to be safer than typical antipsychotics.

Case presentation

A 31-year-old Chinese man with underlying schizophrenia presented to our hospital with aggressive behavior. He was admitted to the psychiatric hospital and started on his regular medications, with an increase in the dose of olanzapine tablet from 5 to 10 mg daily. After 5 days in the ward, the patient was noted to have high fever, restlessness, confusion, increased muscle rigidity, tachycardia and tachypnoea. Antipsychotic therapy was stopped in view of suspected NMS. The first laboratory test for serum creatine kinase (CK) showed a markedly high level of this molecule. His renal profile showed raised serum creatinine in comparison to 2 months prior when the baseline serum creatinine was within the normal range. A diagnosis of NMS with AKI was made. Although the patient was given adequate intravenous fluid hydration with close monitoring of urine output, his renal function did not show improvement but continued to show a worsening trend. In view of this, he was started on urgent hemodialysis. The patient was dependent on intermittent hemodialysis before his AKI showed complete recovery. After 2 weeks, his blood test results returned to normal. He was discharged well.

Conclusion

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome is a life-threatening iatrogenic medical emergency in which high index of clinical suspicion is required for diagnosis and prompt treatment.
Perceptions and attitudes about antibiotic resistance in the general public and general practitioners in France
Authors: Menard Colette , Fégueux Sophie , Heritage Zoë , Nion-Huang Michèle , Berger-Carbonne Anne , Bonmarin Isabelle
Published: October 2022

Background

During the last 20 years, France has taken important steps to tackle antibiotic resistance. These include national awareness campaigns for the general public, and supporting changes in terms of antibiotic prescription for healthcare practitioners. To prepare the upcoming 2022/2023 campaign, we conducted two surveys to assess (1) the general public’s knowledge, attitudes and behaviours regarding antibiotics and (2) the perceptions and practices of general practitioners (GPs).

Methods

Two quantitative telephone surveys were conducted using the same methodology as that used in 2010 by the National Health Insurance Authority. The first was conducted in 2019 in a national representative quota sample of 1204 persons aged over 15 years living in metropolitan France, including an over-sample of 332 parents of children aged six years or under. The second was conducted in 2020 in a national representative sample of 388 GPs.

Results

Twenty-seven percent of respondents reported taking antibiotics during the previous year. Sixty-five percent of GPs declared prescribing fewer antibiotics during the previous five years. However, 33% of GPs reported they often had patients who put high pressure to get antibiotics. The pressure from elderly patients, especially those with comorbidities was notable. Three percent of respondent patients reported putting often pressure on their GP. All respondents expressed total trust in their GP irrespective of whether s/he had prescribed them antibiotics. Half knew that antibiotics act only on bacteria, and 38% said they understood precisely what antibiotic resistance is.

Conclusion

Although antibiotic use is decreasing in France, patient pressure on GPs to prescribe antibiotics is very high. GPs are key ambassadors in reducing antibiotic use. Awareness campaigns must target elderly patients in particular.
Adaptation of Food Craving Inventory to Turkish culture: a validity and reliability study
Authors: Özel İrem Çağla , Yabancı Ayhan Nurcan , Çetiner Özlem
Published: October 2022

Introduction

The Food Craving Inventory is a 28-item self-report measure of specific food cravings. The inventory consists of 4 factors: high fats, sweets, carbohydrates/starches and fast-food fats.

Purpose

This study was carried out to evaluate the Turkish validity and reliability of the Food Craving Inventory, and to determine the psychometric properties and factor structure of the Turkish version.

Methods

The sample of the study consists of 621 individuals between the ages of 19–50 who voluntarily agree to participate in online survey. Validity and reliability analyses were performed for the Turkish version of Food Craving Inventory (FCI-TR). Confirmatory factor analysis was performed to evaluate the factor structure of the Turkish version of FCI.

Results

Confirmatory factor analysis yielded a four-factor structure as “sweets,” “high-fats,” “carbohydrates/starches” and “fast food fats”. The Cronbach-alpha coefficient for the total score was 0.84; subfactors were calculated as 0.74 for “sweets”, 0.64 for “high-fat foods”, 0.65 for “carbohydrates/starches”, and 0.66 for “fast-food fats”. The scores of the FCI-TR factors and its total score significantly correlated with the sub-factors of Three Factor Eating Questionnaire (TFEQ). A significant correlation was found between body mass index (BMI) and high fats and fast-food fats factor score. Also total and factor scores of the FCI-TR were different between BMI groups.

Conclusions

This study demonstrates that the Turkish version of the FCI is a valid and reliable tool to measure food cravings in the Turkish population. FCI is also correlated with sub-factors of TFEQ.
Trend analyses of TIMSS 2015 and 2019: school factors related to declining performance in mathematics
Authors: Nilsen Trude , Kaarstein Hege , Lehre Anne-Catherine
Published: October 2022

Gaining knowledge of what contextual factors may contribute to changes in student achievement across cycles of international large-scale assessments (ILSA), is important for educational policy and practice. Addressing this necessitates advanced methodology that utilizes the trend design of the ILSAs. The Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) data is suitable for such analyses as it measures students’ competence based on the participating countries curricula. In Norway, students’ performance in mathematics decreased from 2015 to 2019 as evidenced by TIMSS. During this time-period, there are indications that also school climate, student motivation and self-concept decreased. This study investigates whether school climate (including bullying, a safe environment, school emphasis on academic success, and students’ sense of school belonging and well-being), student motivation (including interest-enjoyment and utility value), and self-concept declined from 2015 to 2019, and whether this possible decline is related to the decline in mathematics performance in Norway. The present study utilized a trend approach with mediation structural equation modelling. The results showed that school climate, the utility value of the subject and students’ self-concept declined during this period, and that a safe environment and student self-concept mediated the changes in achievement from TIMSS 2015 to 2019. Hence, declines in a safe school climate and student self-concept were associated with declining achievements. While the study cannot prove a causal relation, it is discussed whether this could indicate that the decline in these predictors may explain the decline in mathematics achievement. The usefulness of the methodological approach for other countries, as well as the implications of the results for policy, practice, and research are discussed.
Role of multi-walled carbon nanotubes as a growth regulator for Basella alba (Malabar spinach) plant and its soil microbiota
Authors: Singh Garima , Ghosh Sayantan , Dinakar B. , Nayak Bismita
Published: October 2022

The effect of pure multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) was studied on the development and morphology of theBasella albaplant. The plants were treated with varying sonicated concentrations of MWCNTs. The parameters taken into consideration were germination percentage of seeds, protein content in the plant, estimation of chlorophyll concentration, and the effect on the soil microbial community after treatment with MWCNTs. A boost in vigour index was recorded with the 200 µg ml−1concentration of MWCNTs. Increment in other parameters like protein content, chlorophyll concentration, and microbial community in soil samples have also been observed. All parameters showed higher efficiency in a concentration-dependent manner of MWCNTs compared to control by testing the significance of results through statistical one-way ANOVA analysis. The uptake of MWCNTs by plants was confirmed by SEM–EDX analysis of treated and control leaf tissue sections. This study concludes that MWCNTs exhibit significant growth effects with no toxicity toBasella alba.

Graphical Abstract
Parental COVID-19 vaccination hesitancy among parents of children aged 5–18 years in Thailand: a cross-sectional survey study
Authors: Parinyarux Pantira , Sunkonkit Kanokkarn , Yotsombut Kitiyot
Published: October 2022

Background

To promote an acceptance rate of COVID-19 immunization among Thai children, concerns about parental vaccination hesitancy should be urgently studied. This study aimed to examine the parental COVID-19 vaccination hesitancy (PVh) level and influencing factors among Thai parents of children 5–18 years of age.

Methods

This cross-sectional survey was conducted in Thailand during May and June of 2022. The Google forms for data collection were distributed to parents (a father, a mother, or one who nurtures and raises a child) via various online social media. Data regarding PVh level, relevant attitudes, experiences of COVID-19 and COVID-19 vaccination (EC&V), and family contexts (FC) were collected and analyzed using descriptive statistics. Mann–Whitney U test was used to compare the differences among groups of parents based on EC&V and FC. The factors influencing PVh were assessed by multiple regression analysis.

Results

Four hundred and eighty-eight parents completed the online questionnaire. Their median (IQR) age was 41 (35–47) years. They lived in different provinces from all regions across Thailand. Ninety percent of them were authorized persons to make decision about children vaccination. Fifty-eight percent of the respondents had vaccine hesitancy, defined as PVh level at moderate or above. Parents who had ever refused COVID-19 vaccination for themselves or refused to vaccinate their children against any other diseases had statistically significant higher levels of PVh (p value < 0.001). Conversely, the parents who had finished the initial COVID-19 vaccine had lower PVh levels with statistical significance (p value = 0.001). Attitude towards COVID-19 (AC), attitude towards COVID-19 vaccine (AV), and perceived behavioral control (PC) of the parents negatively influenced PVh with statistical significance, according to the results of the multiple regression analysis (Betas = − 0.307, − 0.123, and − 0.232, respectively).

Conclusions

COVID-19 vaccination hesitancy was commonly found among Thai parents. The factors of the hesitancy were multifaceted. Different experiences regarding COVID-19 vaccination for themselves and any vaccinations for their children were associated with different PVhs. The attitudes especially AC, AV, and PC statistically influenced PVh. These findings should be exploited for national and local policy planning as well as public campaigns.
Associations between traumatic event experiences, psychiatric disorders, and suicidal behavior in the general population of Afghanistan: findings from Afghan National Mental Health Survey
Authors: Sabawoon Ajmal , Keyes Katherine M. , Karam Elie , Kovess-Masfety Viviane
Published: October 2022

Background

The role of traumatic event exposure and psychiatric disorders as central risk factors for suicidal behavior has been established, but there are limited data in high conflict regions with significant trauma exposures such as Afghanistan.

Methods

A nationally representative, cross-sectional survey was conducted through systematic stratified random sampling in 8 regions of Afghanistan in 2017 (N = 4474). Well-validated instruments were used to establish trauma exposure, psychiatric disorders. Death preference, suicidal ideation, plan, and attempts were assessed.

Results

In the total sample, 2.2% reported suicidal ideation in the past 12 months, and 7.1% of respondents reported that they had suicidal ideation at some point in their lives; 3.4% reported a suicide attempt. Women were at higher risk than men. All traumatic event exposures were strongly associated with suicidal behavior. Respondents who reported experiencing sexual violence were 4.4 times more likely to report lifetime suicide attempts (95% CI 2.3–8.4) and 5.8 times more likely to report past 12-month suicidal ideation (95% CI 2.7–12.4). Associations were strong and significant for all psychiatric disorders related to suicidal behavior. Respondents who met criteria for major depressive episodes (OR = 7.48; 95% CI 4.40–12.72), generalized anxiety disorder (OR = 6.61; 95% CI 3.54–12.33), and PTSD (OR = 7.26; 95% CI 4.21–12.51) had the highest risk of past 12-month suicidal ideation.

Conclusion

Traumatic event exposures and psychiatric disorders increase risk of suicidal behavior in the Afghan general population; women are at high risk. Interventions to reduce trauma exposure, including expansion of a mental health workforce in the region, are critically important.
Historical account and current ecological knowledge of the southernmost lizard in the world, Liolaemus magellanicus (Squamata: Liolaemidae)
Authors: Jaksic Fabian M.
Published: October 2022

Background

The systematics ofLiolaemus magellanicushas been relatively well researched, but despite its recognition as the southernmost lizard in the world, scant attention has been paid to the discovery, distribution, biogeography, and ecology of this lizard at the southern tip of South America. I hereby research such aspects and collate the most relevant information reported in the primary literature.

Methods and Results

I conducted a selective review of the history of discovery, distributional records, biogeography, and ecological features ofL. magellanicus, as recorded in mainstream journals and landmark monographs and books. I specifically omitted the work on the systematics of the species and genus because its complexity warrants separate treatment. I found scattered references to this lizard starting with the chronicles of several overseas expeditions (British, French, and Swedish), with Darwin, Jacquinot and Guichenot, and Anderson and Ohlin acting as informers; and culminating with Skottsberg, a traveler, and Bridges, an early settler in Tierra del Fuego Island. Modern treatment of this species started with Hellmich in the 1930s and Donoso-Barros in the 1960s in Chile, and with Cei in Argentina in the 1960s and has continued chiefly in the latter country until today.

Discussion

I propose this species as a model ectothermic vertebrate that may serve to test hypotheses about: (a) Resource allocation strategies to deal with a harsh environment that affords limited opportunities for foraging and reproductive activities of a lizard. (b) Behavioral strategies for dealing with thermoregulation, food, and mate acquisition, and care –if any—of offspring. (c) Its place within the rather impoverished food web of which this species forms part of. This relatively new species, which persisted in glacial refuges before being cut off into two subpopulations—one mainlander, another islander—also offers fertile ground for testing population genetic, evolutionary, and phylogeographic hypotheses. I think that biogeographers, systematists, evolutionists, physiologists, and ecologists should take advantage of this uniquely positioned species in the southernmost margin of the world.
BRCA1/2Variants Identified Through Tumor Genomic Profiling: Assessing Genetic Counseling Outcomes
Authors: Harriman Jamie W. , Espinel Whitney F. , Vagher Jennie , Gammon Amanda
Published: October 2022

PURPOSE

As tumor genomic profiling (TGP) is increasingly used to help guide cancer treatment, BRCA variants, which may or may not be reflective of the germline genome, are being identified. As TGP use increases, it is becoming an important tool for referral to genetic counseling and identifying patients with hereditary cancer syndromes such as hereditary breast and ovarian cancer. This study explores genetic counseling referral patterns and germline implications of patients found to have pathogenic BRCA1/2 variants identified through TGP.

METHODS

Participants include patients at Huntsman Cancer Institute undergoing TGP through a single commercial laboratory between March 2014 and July 2018. A retrospective chart review was conducted for 62 patients found to have pathogenic variants (PVs) in BRCA1/2 on TGP. Data on genetic counseling referrals and uptake, germline test results, family history, and patient demographics were collected.

RESULTS

In the study time frame, 1,899 patients underwent TGP. Testing identified 67 PVs in BRCA1 (23 variants) or BRCA2 (44 variants) in 62 patients. Thirty-five patients first received a referral to a genetic counselor following TGP with 33 patients completing genetic counseling. Of the 30 patients who pursued germline genetic testing following TGP, 11 were discovered to have a previously unknown germline BRCA PV. Nine of these patients were the first in their family diagnosed with hereditary breast and ovarian cancer.

CONCLUSION

This study represents one institution's experience with genetic counseling referrals, uptake, and germline results following TGP. For some patients, TGP will be the first indicator of an underlying hereditary condition. Identifying patients with PVs (which may be germline) through TGP is an important new genetic counseling referral tool that can have important implications for the patient and their family.
Follicle-Stimulating Hormone Glycosylation Variants Distinctly Modulate Pre-antral Follicle Growth and Survival
Authors: Johnson Gillian P , Onabanjo Caitlan G A , Hardy Kate , Butnev Viktor Y , Bousfield George R , Jonas Kim C
Published: October 2022

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) is a key endocrine regulator of ovarian function. FSH is secreted as 2 macroglycosylation variants: partially glycosylated FSH (FSH21/18) and fully glycosylated FSH (FSH24). FSH21/18 is more potent than FSH24 at binding to and activating the FSH receptor (R). The ratio of FSH21/18:FSH24 has been shown to change with age, with FSH21/18 predominant at reproductive prime, and FSH24 predominant during perimenopause/menopause. How these FSH glycosylation variants modulate ovarian follicle functions remains largely unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of FSH glycosylation variants of pre-antral follicle function. Pre-antral follicles were isolated from 3- to 5-week-old C57BL/6 mice and treated ±10 ng/mL FSH21/18, FSH24, a ratio of 80:20 FSH21/18:FSH24 (to mimic reproductive prime), 50:50 FSH21/18:FSH24 (perimenopause), or 20:80 FSH21/18:FSH24 (menopause) for up to 96 hours. FSH21/18 and 80:20 FSH21/18:FSH24 increased follicle growth, in comparison with control, contrasting with FSH24 and 20:80 FSH21/18:FSH24. Survival rates were decreased in follicles treated with FSH24 or 20:80 FSH21/18:FSH24, with follicles undergoing basement membrane rupture and oocyte extrusion, increased Caspase3 gene and protein expression, and decreased markers of cell proliferation in FSH24 or 20:80 FSH21/18:FSH24–treated follicles. Moreover, this correlated with differential regulation of key genes modulating follicular functions. Pharmacological inhibitors of key FSH signal pathways suggests FSH21/18 and FSH24 initiate different FSHR signal pathway activation, which may determine their differential effects on follicle growth and survival. These data suggest that the nature of FSH glycosylation modulates the follicular cellular environment to regulate follicle growth and survival and may underpin the increasing ovarian resistance to FSH observed during aging.
Update on Animal Models of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Authors: Stener-Victorin Elisabet
Published: October 2022

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex disease affecting up to 15% of women of reproductive age. Women with PCOS suffer from reproductive dysfunctions with excessive androgen secretion and irregular ovulation, leading to reduced fertility and pregnancy complications. The syndrome is associated with a wide range of comorbidities including type 2 diabetes, obesity, and psychiatric disorders. Despite the high prevalence of PCOS, its etiology remains unclear. To understand the pathophysiology of PCOS, how it is inherited, and how to predict PCOS, and prevent and treat women with the syndrome, animal models provide an important approach to answering these fundamental questions. This minireview summarizes recent investigative efforts on PCOS-like rodent models aiming to define underlying mechanisms of the disease and provide guidance in model selection. The focus is on new genetic rodent models, on a naturally occurring rodent model, and provides an update on prenatal and peripubertal exposure models.
Examining Subjective Psychological Experiences of Postoperative Delirium in Older Cardiac Surgery Patients
Authors: Cohen Caitlin L. , Atkins Kelly J. , Evered Lisbeth A. , Silbert Brendan S. , Scott David A.
Published: October 2022

BACKGROUND:

Postoperative delirium (POD) is an acute syndrome including inattention and impaired cognition that affects approximately 42% of older cardiac surgical patients. POD is linked to adverse outcomes including morbidity, mortality, and further cognitive decline. Less is known about the subjective psychological experience of POD and its ongoing impact on well-being.

METHODS:

We performed a qualitative analysis of the long-term psychological sequelae of older adults who experience POD after cardiac surgery. We sampled 30 patients aged 60 years and older who experienced at least 2 episodes of POD during a prior hospital admission. We administered semistructured interviews with participants via telephone 3 to 5 years postoperatively. Interviews were transcribed and thematically analyzed. Data were interpreted in accordance with the naturalist paradigm.

RESULTS:

Three overarching themes emerged in our qualitative analysis. The first reflected the multifaceted presentation of POD, including distortion of time and reality; feelings of isolation; and a loss of self, identity, and control. The second theme reflected the psychological challenges associated with functional decline after surgery. Common examples of functional decline included cognitive difficulties, excessive fatigue, and a perceived loss of independence. The final theme captured the emotional sequelae of acute illness, which included low mood, reduced motivation, and social comparisons.

CONCLUSIONS:

Our findings emphasize the multidimensional experience of POD and long-term effects on psychological wellbeing. Our research highlights the beneficial role multidisciplinary clinicians play in managing POD including strategies that may be embedded into clinical practice and helps anesthesiologists understand why patients who have experienced POD in the past may present with specific concerns should they require subsequent surgery.
Οι τέσσερεις Λόγοι στον Jacques Lacan
Authors: Λίποβατς Θάνος
Published: October 2022

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Zu einem erweiterten Verstandnis von Language Awareness (LA)
Authors: Kron Friedrich W.
Published: October 2022

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Έμφυλη Διαφορά και Γνώση
Authors: Παντελαίου Τόνια
Published: October 2022

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Νέες επιστημολογικές και ιστοριογραφικές θεωρήσεις στο χώρο της Ιστορίας και η εφαρμογή τους στη διδακτική πράξη στην πρωτοβάθμια και δευτεροβάθμια εκπαίδευση. Ιστορία των ιστορικών και σχολική Ιστορία: μία προσπάθεια σύγκλισης
Authors: Γατσωτής Παναγιώτης
Published: October 2022

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Τιμητικό αφιέρωμα στον Κωνσταντίνο Μηνά
Authors: Παπαντωνάκης Γεώργιος
Published: October 2022

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Από τη διδακτική έρευνα στη διδακτική πράξη: προσπάθεια για γεφύρωση του χάσματος
Authors: Μαυροσκούφης Δημήτρης
Published: October 2022

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Παρατηρήσεις για τη διδασκαλία της Ιστορίας στο Δημοτικό σχολείο
Authors: Αθανασοπούλου Αφροδίτη
Published: October 2022

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Four Dimensions in Pedagogical Discussion
Authors: W. Kron Friedrich
Published: October 2022

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Κοιλιάρη, Αγγελική (2005): Πολυγλωσσία και Γλωσσική Εκπαίδευση Μια Κοινωνιογλωσσική Προσέγγιση. Θεσσαλονίκη: Εκδόσεις Βάνιας
Authors: Στόγιος Νίκος
Published: October 2022

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Ελευθερία και αναγκαιότητα στη γλώσσα
Authors: Μιχάλης Αθανάσιος
Published: October 2022

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Θρησκευτική εκπαίδευση και διαπολιτιστική επικοινωνία. Από την πατερναλιστική χειραγώγηση στην θρησκειολογική διερεύνηση
Authors: Καραμούζης Πολύκαρπος
Published: October 2022

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Βιογραφική Πορεία και Ανάπτυξη της Ακαδημαϊκής Γλωσσικής Ικανότητας. Το Παράδειγμα των Δίγλωσσων Παλιννοστούντων Φοιτητών από τη Γερμανία στα Παιδαγωγικά Τμήματα του Ελληνικού Πανεπιστημίου
Authors: Μπερζαμάνη Θωμαή
Published: October 2022

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Οι απόψεις των αποφοίτων του μεταπτυχιακού προγράμματος "Σπουδές στην Εκπαίδευση" του ΕΑΠ για την επίδραση των εκπαιδευτικών παροχών του ιδρύματος στη μάθησή τους
Authors: Βασάλα Παρασκευή , Ανδρεάδου Δέσποινα
Published: October 2022

Στις σπουδές από απόσταση, η μάθηση στηρίζεται στο ειδικό υλικό μελέτης, που παρέχει το εκπαιδευτικό ίδρυμα, στη συνεργασία του φοιτητή με τον καθηγητή σύμβουλο πρωταρχικά και με τους συμφοιτητές επικουρικά, στο χρονοδιάγραμμα δραστηριοτήτων κατά τη διάρκεια του ακαδημαϊκού έτους και στις υποχρεωτικές γραπτές εργασίες. Στην εργασία αυτή διερευνήθηκαν οι αντιλήψεις των αποφοίτων του μεταπτυχιακού προγράμματος «Σπουδές στην Εκπαίδευση» του Ελληνικού Ανοικτού Πανεπιστημίου (ΕΑΠ) για την συμβολή των παραπάνω παραγόντων στη μάθηση τους, όπως αυτές διαμορφώθηκαν από τη φοίτησή τους στο ΕΑΠ. Πρόκειται για μία εκ των υστέρων έρευνα και το μεθοδολογικό εργαλείο ήταν ένα ερωτηματολόγιο με 29 ερωτήσεις. Η έρευνα έδειξε ότι οι απόφοιτοι θεωρούν πολύ σημαντική τη συμβολή των υποχρεωτικών εργασιών και του έντυπου εκπαιδευτικού υλικού στη μάθηση. Επίσης, οι απόφοιτοι θεωρούν σημαντική τη συμβολή του καθηγητή σύμβουλου και του χρονοδιαγράμματος σπουδών στη μάθηση. Τέλος, οι απόφοιτοι θεωρούν λιγότερο σημαντική στη μάθηση τη συμβολή των συμφοιτητών τους.
Παραγωγή Εκπαιδευτικού Υλικού με Εφαρμογές της Αλληλεπιδραστικής Βιβλιοθεραπείας σε Πολυπολιτισμικές Ομάδες
Authors: Καπραβέλου Αλεξία
Published: October 2022

Bibliotherapy is the personal development or personal problem solving through reading. It is suitable for every individual or group of any age and ability. Bibliotherapy can be divided into clinical-remediate or preventive-developmental and into self-helping or interactive bibliotherapy. During an educational intervention in an immigrants’ voluntary school in the city of Volos, I used pre-designed bibliotherapeutic teaching equipment (e.g. excerpts from appropriate literature, issues for discussion and activities) in order to facilitate female immigrant mature students who are occupied as domestic workers in Greece to externalize their emotions. The material from this educational intervention formed the corpus for a case study – qualitative research. The domestic workers who participated in five bibliotherapeutic sessions seemed to prefer a non-fiction, informational book about problems at work and in social life rather than a fiction book. Nevertheless, we claim that through literature they may gain some emotional benefits, as they tend to identify themselves with the hero and they eventually develop empathy, a realistic view of their problems in life, as well as a more dynamic attitude regarding social demands and decision making.
Το Κονστρουκτιβιστικό Παράδειγμα στη Μαθησιακή Διαδικασία: Η Περίπτωση των Σχολείων Παρέμβασης στο Πρόγραμμα «Εκπαίδευση Παλλινοστούντων και Αλλοδαπών μαθητών»
Authors: Παρθένης Χρήστος
Published: October 2022

Ο κονστρουκτιβισμός αποτελεί ένα ευρύτατο θεωρητικό-γνωσιολογικό ρεύμα, που μπορεί να αφορά την οντολογία, την επιστημολογία και την μεθοδολογία της γνώσης. Ειδικότερα όμως σχετίζεται με τη γνώση και την εκπαίδευση. Κατά τη Fosnot είναι «μια θεωρία σχετικά με τη γνώση και τη μάθηση». Κατά τους Tobbins και Tippins είναι πιο χρήσιμη να ιδωθεί ως μέθοδος, αφού υπό το πρίσμα αυτό μπορεί να χρησιμεύσει στον τομέα των παιδαγωγικών εφαρμογών. Πάντως, είτε ως εκπαιδευτική θεωρία είτε ως μέθοδος αποδέχεται ως βασικό αξίωμα τη δημιουργία από τους μαθητές της δικής τους γνώσης, μετά από επεξεργασία των νέων πληροφοριών με τις ήδη υπάρχουσες, αντί της παθητικής πρόσληψής της από τον εξωτερικό κόσμο. Θελήσαμε να στηρίξουμε εμπειρικά την άποψή μας, εξετάζοντας στα πλαίσια της έρευνάς μας το βαθμό στον οποίο το κονστρουκτιβιστικό παράδειγμα μπορεί να αξιοποιηθεί αποτελεσματικά σε πολυπολιτισμικές τάξεις. Εξετάσαμε, πώς οι μαθητές χρησιμοποιούν ενεργητικά το γνωστικό υλικό, εντάσσουν στα προσωπικά γνωστικά πλαίσια της παλιάς γνώσης τη νέα, αναπτύσσουν   εσωτερικά κίνητρα, καθώς και ικανότητες που σχετίζονται με την ενεργό συμμετοχή και αρμονική συνεργασία σε ομαδικά πλαίσια.
Εκπαιδευτικό συμβόλαιο: προώθηση της συμμετοχής των μαθητών στη διαμόρφωση και ε-φαρμογή των κανόνων της σχολικής τάξης
Authors: Καράκιζα Τσαμπίκα , Κολοκοτρώνης Δημήτρης , Θεοφανέλλης Τιμολέων
Published: October 2022

Σε πολλές περιπτώσεις υπάρχουν προβλήματα τήρησης της τάξης μέσα στην σχολική αίθουσα. Το αυταρχικό μοντέλο έχει ξεπεραστεί και οι σύγχρονοι εκπαιδευτικοί θεωρούν τους μαθητές άξιους να μετέχουν στη διαμόρφωση και την τήρηση των κανόνων λειτουργίας της τάξης που διαμορφώνονται από κοινού. Η τεχνική του εκπαιδευτικού συμβολαίου χρησιμοποιείται εκτενώς στην εκπαίδευση ενηλίκων, στο νηπιαγωγείο και τις πρώτες τάξεις του δημοτικού σχολείου. Η εργασία αυτή έρχεται να προτείνει την εφαρμογή του και στη δευτεροβάθμια εκπαδευση. Κάποια δείγματα εφαρμογής φαίνεται να έχουν ευεργετική επίδραση τόσο στους εκπαιδευτικούς όσο και στους μαθητές, ενώ τα προβλήματα τήρησης της τάξης λύνονται από τους ίδιους τους μαθητές, συχνά πριν ακόμη τα αντιληφθεί ο εκπαιδευτικός.
Συνεκπαίδευση παιδιών με και χωρίς διάχυτες αναπτυξιακές διαταραχές (ΔΑΔ) στο σχολείο
Authors: Συριοπούλου - Δελλή Χριστίνα Κ.
Published: October 2022

Τα άτομα με διάχυτες αναπτυξιακές διαταραχές (ΔΑΔ) προσέλκυσαν το ενδιαφέρον φορέων (κρατικών και ιδιωτικών) μετά τα μέσα της δεκαετίας του 1950. Έως τότε τα άτομα αυτά βρίσκονταν υπό την προστασία της οικογένειάς τους ή σε ιδρύματα/άσυλα (Στασινός 1991). Δυναμική αλλαγή στην εκπαίδευση των ατόμων με ψυχικές και διάχυτες αναπτυξιακές διαταραχές πραγματοποιήθηκε μετά τη θεσμοθέτηση του νόμου 2817/2000 για την «Εκπαίδευση ατόμων με ειδικές εκπαιδευτικές ανάγκες». Με το νόμο αυτό το ΥΠΕΠΘ εισάγει την πολιτική του «ενός σχολείου για όλους» προωθώντας έτσι τη συνεκπαίδευση και κοινωνική ένταξη[1] ατόμων με και χωρίς ειδικές εκπαιδευτικές ανάγκες. Ο νόμος 3699/2008 περί «Ειδικής Αγωγής και Εκπαίδευσης ατόμων με αναπηρία ή με ειδικές εκπαιδευτικές ανάγκες»  συνεχίζει και ενισχύει την εκπαιδευτική και κοινωνική ένταξη των ατόμων με ειδικές εκπαιδευτικές ανάγκες ενώ αναγνωρίζει το δικαίωμα συμμετοχής των ατόμων με αυτισμό ή άλλες ΔΑΔ στην εκπαιδευτική διαδικασία. Η εργασία εξετάζει επιχειρήματα υπερ και κατά της ένταξης  παιδιών με ΔΑΔ στην εκπαιδευτική διαδικασία, τη συνεκπαίδευσή τους με φυσιολογικά αναπτυσσόμενα παιδιά  καθώς και προγράμματα συνεκπαίδευσης τα οποία εφαρμόζονται στις ΗΠΑ. Σκοπός της εργασίας είναι να εισάγει τον προβληματισμό σχετικά με το πλαίσιο εκπαίδευσης των ατόμων με ΔΑΔ.
Η αξιοποίηση των σχολικών βιβλίων στην εκπόνηση δημιουργικών εργασιών στο Ενιαίο Λύ-κειο
Authors: Μανωλάς Ευάγγελος Ι. , Θεοδωρόπουλος Ιωάννης Ε.
Published: October 2022

This paper, after a brief presentation of the legal framework regarding the writing of creative essays in the unified upper secondary school, (1) identifies and analyzes some reasons for the use of school textbooks as sources for creative essays and (2) reveals some elements from textbooks used in the last year of studies in the unified upper secondary school, which can be exploited by the student in the writing of creative essays. In particular, the suggestions put forward in this paper for the writing of creative essays, as these emerge from specific textbooks, reflect the progress which has been made in recent years regarding the upgrading of the quality of school textbooks but, at the same time, they call for new and productive ways in which these books can be used.
Λόγοι επιλογής και μεταβολής της συναισθηματικής στάσης στη μάθηση της Γερμανικής στην Δημόσια Δευτεροβάθμια Εκπαίδευση - Πιλοτική Εφαρμογή Ανώνυμου Ερωτηματολογίου
Authors: Ζέππος Δημήτρης
Published: October 2022

Στο άρθρο αυτό περιγράφεται η πιλοτική εφαρμογή ενός ερωτηματολογίου για την ανάδειξη των προσδοκιών και απόψεων που έχουν οι γονείς και μαθητές του Ελληνικού Δημόσιου Γυμνασίου, σε σχέση με την επιλογή και χρησιμότητα της εκμάθησης της Γερμανικής γλώσσας στο δημόσιο σχολείο. Επιχειρείται μέσα από την πιλοτική εφαρμογή να διαπιστωθεί αν, και σε ποιό βαθμό, είναι δυνατή η στατιστική καταγραφή των απόψεων με τη χρήση αποκλειστικά ανώνυμου ερευνητικού εργαλείου, χωρίς να χρησιμοποιηθούν ερευνητικά δεδομένα που προέρχονται από προσωπικές συνεντεύξεις. Παρατίθεται μία ενδεικτική καταγραφή των ερευνητικών δεδομένων σε συνδυασμό με μία πρώτη αξιοποίησή τους με τη χρήση απλής αναλογικής σύνθεσης, ώστε να αναδειχθεί η ικανότητα του ερωτηματολογίου να στηρίξει τη διατύπωση αξιοποιήσιμων ερευνητικών δεδομένων, ενώ παράλληλα διαπιστώνονται ενδεικτικές τάσεις στις απόψεις των γονέων και μαθητών σχετικά με το γνωστικό αντικείμενο. Ακόμα, προτείνονται τρόποι ανάλυσης και σύνθεσης των ερευνητικών δεδομένων με τη χρήση συγκεκριμένων στατιστικών εργαλείων που αναφέρονται στη διεθνή βιβλιογραφία. Διαπιστώνεται, τέλος, πως η διεξαγωγή, σε πανελλαδική κλίμακα, μίας τέτοιας έρευνας μπορεί να συμπληρώσει το επιστημονικό κενό που υφίσταται στον ελλαδικό χώρο για το ζήτημα των προσδοκιών των γονέων και παιδιών στο μάθημα της Γερμανικής ως δεύτερης επιλεγόμενης ξένης γλώσσας. Με τον τρόπο αυτό παρέχεται ένα σημαντικό εργαλείο εκπαιδευτικής και επιμορφωτικής πολιτικής.
Ο Howard Gardner και το Έργο του
Authors: Χατζηγεωργίου Ιωάννης
Published: October 2022

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Με αφορμή το τέλος ενός εκδοτικού οίκου
Authors: Σκούρτου Ελένη
Published: October 2022

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Το ταξίδι-αναζήτηση του Ζήνωνα με άξονα το όνειρο και πυξίδα το φως
Authors: Χριστοδουλίδου Λουίζα
Published: October 2022

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Η πλοκή στην παιδική και εφηβική αστυνομική μυθοπλασία
Authors: Παρασκευή Αντωνά
Published: October 2022

This dissertation is a study of children’s and young adult’s Greek detective novels that have been published during the past decade.  The main aim is to present the typology that arises, a typology which is based on the analysis of the plot. Particularly, there was an attempt to identify the stages of the plot and to clarify the basic characteristics of the plot in such texts.
Η Θεατροπαιδαγωγική στην εκπαίδευση: Τάσεις και στάσεις. Μια έρευνα με αφορμή τα σενάρια για τη συνέντευξη των υποψήφιων σχολικών συμβούλων πρωτοβάθμιας εκπαίδευσης
Authors: Λενακάκης Αντώνης
Published: October 2022

Το παρόν μελέτημα διερευνά τις θεατροπαιδαγωγικές στάσεις και τάσεις στην εκπαίδευση με αφορμή τα σενάρια που αναρτήθηκαν στο διαδικτυακό τόπο του Υπουργείου Παιδείας, στα οποία οι υποψήφιοι σχολικοί σύμβουλοι πρωτοβάθμιας εκπαίδευσης επρόκειτο να εξεταστούν κατά τη διαδικασία της συνέντευξης. Αναγνωρίζοντας το θεσμικό και ουσιαστικό ρόλο του σχολικού συμβούλου στην ευδοκίμηση της εκπαιδευτικής πράξης και καινοτομίας, μελετούμε μέρος των κριτηρίων επιλογής του, και συγκεκριμένα αυτά που αφορούν στα περιεχόμενα των εν λόγω σεναρίων, ενώ εστιάζουμε στις έννοιες και τους όρους που σχετίζονται με το παιχνίδι και το θέατρο στην εκπαίδευση. Με τα πορίσματα της έρευνας αλλά και με τις θεωρητικές αναλύσεις και τοποθετήσεις που τα συνοδεύουν επιδιώκουμε κυρίως την ευαισθητοποίηση της θεατροπαιδαγωγικής αλλά και της εκπαιδευτικής κοινότητας εν γένει στα ζητήματα της διδακτικής και της επίδρασης των θεατροπαιδαγωγικών πρακτικών στο σχολείο.
Η διδασκαλία του γλωσσικού γραμματισμού με την υποστήριξη των ΤΠΕ σε ενήλικες: μια διαθεματική εφαρμογή στα σχολεία Δεύτερης Ευκαιρίας
Authors: Οικονομάκου Μαριάνθη , Μανεσιώτης Πέτρος , Μουγγολιάς Αντρέας
Published: October 2022

En Grèce, l'Ecole de la Deuxième Chance, une des initiatives européennes proposées en 1995 dans le Livre Blanc "Enseigner et apprendre: vers une société cognitive", tout en respectant les caractéristiques générales citées pour l’ensemble des Etats membres, a pu, au fur et à mesure, s’adapter aux particularités da la société grecque. Les enseignants essaient, grâce à des projets pédagogiques multiples, de susciter l’intérêt des apprenants et d’améliorer leur niveau de connaissance dans de différents domaines. La flexibilité et la philosophie du Programme des Etudes favorisent en même temps l’adoption d’une approche didactique interdisciplinaire, imposée parfois par la complexité elle-même des exigences au cadre d’une société mondialisée. Ainsi, les enseignants de la langue grecque et de l’informatique de l’Ecole de la Deuxième Chance du Pirée ont mis en place, en mai 2011, un projet qui visait à mettre l’accent sur les capacités remarquables de l’ordinateur comme moyen pédagogique et culturel. L’analyse linguistique de la terminologie et des langues les plus répandues à l’internet, qui se basait sur des activités didactiques correspondantes, a aidé les apprenants de la deuxième année non seulement à mieux comprendre le fonctionnement technique de leur ordinateur, mais aussi à satisfaire plus effectivement leurs besoins communicatifs quotidiens.
Καταστασιακά περιβάλλοντα για την ηλεκτρονική μάθηση
Authors: Σοφός Αλιβίζος
Published: October 2022

Στο άρθρο αυτό παρουσιάζεται η έννοια του μαθησιακού περιβάλλοντος στο πλαίσιο της καταστασιακής προσέγγισης (situiert) σε σχέση με τα ηλεκτρονικά Μέσα που στηρίζουν την εκπαιδευτική διαδικασία. H εργασία είναι δομημένη σε τέσσερα μέρη. Στο πρώτο μέρος προσεγγίζονται εννοιολογικά οι Τεχνολογίες Πληροφορικής και Επικοινωνιών (ΤΠΕ) και συζητείται η κατάταξή τους στα τεταρτογενή Μέσα. Στο δεύτερο μέρος προσδιορίζεται η έννοια «Περιβάλλον Μάθησης» και τα ηλεκτρονικά Μέσα οριοθετούνται ως «πλαίσιο μαθησιακών ευκαιριών και δυνατοτήτων διάδρασης». Στο τρίτο μέρος διατυπώνονται τα χαρακτηριστικά που διέπουν τα καταστασιακά περιβάλλοντα μάθησης. Τέλος, το άρθρο ολοκληρώνεται με το εξής συμπέρασμα: στο πλαίσιο διαμόρφωσης ηλεκτρονικών περιβαλλόντων, κεντρικό σημείο αναφοράς αποτελεί ο παιδαγωγικός και διδακτικός μετασχηματισμός του περιεχομένου. Η θέση αυτή τεκμηριώνεται με βάση τις προσεγγίσεις του MacLuhan και προτείνεται  ένα μοντέλο ολιστικής προσέγγισης σε 6 άξονες για κάθε εκπαιδευτικό που σχεδιάζει ηλεκτρονικά περιβάλλοντα.
Apps for Kids – A Question of Quality
Authors: Lensen Fiona
Published: October 2022

Today, children in families have good access to mobile devices with touchscreens. In this context, numerous apps for learning, playing, reading or being creative can be used. However, the question of what is a good app cannot be answered easily. Since there was no list of criteria for the assessment of apps, yet, the Media Literacy Lab decided to engage with this topic in an open online course. During this course, both a first set of criteria as well as a website with reviews of more than 100 apps for children were built.