bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of pastoral vulnerability and its impacts on socio-economy of herding community and formulation of adaptation option
Authors: Suvdantsetseg Balt , Kherlenbayar Bolor , Nominbolor Khurel , Altanbagana Myagmarsuren , Yan Wanglin , Okuro Toshiya , Togtokh Chuluun , Miyasaka Takafumi , Wang Shaokun , Zhao Xueyong
Published: August 2020

Rangelands located in arid and semi-arid region are particularly vulnerable to climate change. The objective of this research project is to assess vulnerability and its impacts on socio-economy of pastoral society and to formulate adaptation options for the selected rangelands. The analysis process consisted of (1) using geospatial techniques to assess the pastoral vulnerability; (2) using statistical correlation analysis to assess the impact of vulnerability on the grazing societies’ socio-economic conditions; (3) using qualitative document analysis (QDA) to evaluate policy documents; and (4) engaging in policy formulation, which included active participation by multiple academic researchers, policymakers, and representatives of the local community. The pastoral vulnerability assessment results reveal that drought, pasture usage and normalized difference vegetation index are the main drivers. Pastoral vulnerability increases the breeding stock’s miscarriage rate and causes livestock loss, which may affect the socio-economics of the herder community, devaluing herders’ labour and shortening their life expectancy. Two provinces’ policies were reviewed, and the findings suggest that aligning development and sectoral policies with climate change responses (i.e. adaptation and mitigation) to enhance the adaptive and transformative capacity of rural communities is important. The adaptation options and policy recommendations for two provinces are identified to enhance the resilience of livelihoods to climate change and adaptation activities to potentially reduce vulnerability to anthropogenic climate change and advance development.
A Western And Eastern Learning Model For Teaching â€œYoung Artistsâ€ Painting Style In Indonesia
Authors: Lodra I Wayan , Arif Muchlis
Published: August 2020

Every country in the world has its own learning models, which depend on the social, cultural, and economic conditions of the nation. In principle, learning aims to transfer knowledge, technology, and information to others to free them from ignorance. In developing countries like Indonesia, learning models vary in every educational institution. Educational institutions can be categorized according to the characteristics of the learner, and include formal, informal, and non-formal education. It is not possible to apply the same learning models to educational institutions with different geographical, social, and cultural conditions. Bali is an Indonesian province which has developed formal, informal, and non-formal education in the field of painting. One outcome of this non-formal education is the â€œYoung Artistsâ€ style. This non-formal learning model, developed by Arie Smit, combines western and eastern learning models. The research focuses on how Arie Smitâ€™s eastern and western learning model was applied to children from the village of Penestanan, Ubud, Bali. The goal is to describe Arie Smitâ€™s western and eastern learning model that he used with children from Panestanan Ubud, Bali. The research method is qualitative descriptive and the data collection techniques include observation, interviews, and documentation. The analysis was performed by studying, disentangling, arranging, and summarizing the â€œYoung Artistsâ€ learning model for teaching painting. The research findings show that this western and eastern learning model applies a method of cooperative active teaching.
Epic Ramayana As A Medium for Teaching Indonesian Culture and Language: A Perspective of Darmasiswa Students
Authors: Dewi Yulianti Ni Ketut
Published: August 2020

This paper discusses the epic Ramayana as a medium for teaching Indonesian culture and Indonesian language for the students of Darmasiswa RI / DRI (Darmasiswa of Republic of Indonesia). The epic Ramayana story contains adjective phrases as a media for teaching Indonesian culture which is full of the value of character education. This paper can be a reference for students and teachers who study and teach Indonesian culture and also Indonesian language for foreign speakers. Besides, it can also be beneficial for those who want to learn more about the structure of Indonesian language and character education of with the values of Indonesian culture in accordance with Ramayana text in which good character and personality become the main goal of national education in Indonesia. The research methodology statement is missing in this abstract. Considering that the Darmasiswa RI program is also part of education in Indonesia, the education of Indonesian character values cannot be separated from the education followed by  Darmasiswa RI program participants. For this reason, there are two main points discussed in this paper, (1) the Ramayana text as a medium for teaching Indonesian culture and enhancing the mastery  of Indonesian language and (2) the adjective phrase in the Ramayana text as a medium for the education of Indonesian character values. Theoretically and practically, this paper can contribute to the world of education both in terms of Indonesian culture and language and the noble values of Indonesian characters for foreign speakers, so that it can help in improving the success of national education, and also to improve the competitiveness of the nation.
Inventory And Documentation For Bebali Mask Dance
Authors: Sustiawati Ni Luh , Sariada I Ketut
Published: August 2020

The objective of this research is to describe the kinds and the function of Bebali mask dances in each regency or municipality in Bali province and the perception of the public about them. This research was conducted in 9 districts / cities in Bali, namely Jembrana, Buleleng, Tabanan, Badung, Denpasar, Gianyar, Klungkung, Bangli and Karangasem, each represented by the two villages that develop the Bebali Mask dance. This  research  intended  to  expose  a  phenomenon,  therefore  it applies the phenomenological qualitative approach. It was chosen due to the consideration that this research is focused upon action or activity by one or more people  related  to  the  making  of  inventory  and  documenting  the  Bebali  mask  dance  in  Bali province,  by  classifying  the  kinds  and  functions  of  Bebali  mask  dances  and  by uncovering the perception of the public concerning the Bebali mask dance in the regencies/municipalities in Bali. The result shows that almost all instances of Bebali mask dance, especially the Pajegan variety, is connected with religious rituals, such as the Dewa Yadnya, Resi Yadnya, Pitra Yadnya, Manusa Yadnya, and Bhuta Yadnya. The Bebali mask dance in the province of Bali symbolizes the cycle of human life which can be described as a circle where life rotates naturally. The mask dance contains an ideal of how to live a life, that is to strike a balance between the adoration of the Divine and compassion and duty to fellow men and love of nature, which in Hindu philosophy is called â€œTri Hita Karanaâ€.
Sustainable Competitive Advantage of Indonesia’s Creative Economics: Fashion Sub-Sector
Authors: Muis Afni Regita Cahyani , Harahap Ali Musa , Hakiem Fadhlan Nur
Published: August 2020

This research has identified the government's strategies to encourage creative fashion industries in Indonesia with its cultural branding and the applicability of sustainable competitive advantage as a concept to maintain competitiveness. This research employed a qualitative research method based on primary data, obtained from in-depth interviews at the Creative  Economy  Agency,  the  Indonesian Ministry of Trade and, the Indonesian Ministry of Industry, and the Central  Statistics  Agency.  In analyzing the data, this research categorizes the reports and journals of the government's endeavor result. It then reduced the data by creating a discussion scheme and writing the core of each discussion component. Data is triangulated to compare the results of interviews with research objects and documents. The research found that the following are crucial strategies to empower sustainable competitive advantage of the creative economy in Indonesia's fashion subsector:  Developing  Priority Industry Clusters, Research and Development, Indonesia Trend Forecasting, Innovative and Creativity through Nusantara Collaboration, Modest Fashion, Intellectual Property Rights, and  Economic Partnership Agreement.
Ensuring the Human Rights and Freedoms in the Context of the Pandemic Covid-19
Authors: Kivalov Serhii
Published: August 2020

The study is devoted to the establishment of the current state of ensuring of human rights and freedoms in Ukraine while counteracting the spread of the Covid-19 pandemic taking into account the institutional and legal basis of the quarantine regime, transformations of ensuring of human rights and freedoms and the rights of participants in administrative procedures. Close attention is drawn to the impossibility of restricting human rights and freedoms that go beyond the goals of Covid-19 dissemination. In carrying out this study, general philosophical and special methods of scientific knowledge were used, namely the methods of: system analysis, dialectical, formal-logical and structural-functional, as well as some empirical methods. The practical significance of the study is that its results are relevant for domestic legislators and entities that carry out public administration in the field of health care against the background of updating trends in the response to the Covid-19 pandemic. A number of measures have been proposed to develop a strategy to counter the spread of the Covid-19 pandemic; creation of subjects of public administration, the competence of which will include ensuring the state policy in the field of ensuring the proper condition and maintaining the mental health of the population; implementation of the concept of electronic justice (e-court) as the only possible mechanism to ensure effective protection of the rights, freedoms, and interests of man and citizen in the face of the Covid-19 pandemic.
Shining light on the brain to understand how it works and to help children who face difficulties
Authors: Bell Laura , Reindl Vanessa , Kruppa Jana , Niephaus Alexandra , Kohl Simon Huldreich , Konrad Kerstin
Published: August 2020

Have you ever thought that light could tell you something about your brain? Light is a powerful tool that helps brain researchers understand the brain. Our eyes can only see less than 1 % of the total light around us. Some of the light is red, so-called near-infrared light. It can run through your head and the top layers of your brain and thereby gains important information about your brain activation. The technique that uses near-infrared light is called functional near-infrared spectroscopy. This term is very long, so we will call it “fNIRS” from now on. In this article, we will first show you how a fNIRS machine looks like and what it is like to take part in a fNIRS experiment. Next, we will explain how we can use near-infrared light to better understand the brain. Finally, we will give you some examples of what fNIRS can be used for and how we can use it to help children who face difficulties in their daily lives.
Child Sexual Abuse Among Polish Adult Population: Prevalence and Abuse Characteristics
Authors: Guziak Milena Agnieszka
Published: August 2020

The present study aimed to consolidate on and expand on existing knowledge on the issue of child sexual abuse (CSA) by identifying the prevalence of and characteristics of CSA among Polish adult population with inclusion of other gender identities and socio-demographic characteristics. A cross-sectional study was performed, using a self-reporting, anonymous, questionnaire. Data were analyzed by frequency/percentages, using SPSS software. A total of 234 individuals of various gender identity (male, female, non-binary, demigirl, agender, gender fluid) participated in the study (Mage = 22.52, SD = 6.65). The results indicate a 39.7% (N = 93) prevalence of CSA in the tested Polish population. Of the total sample, 13.2% knew other 3 or more individuals who suffered from CSA, 14.5% knew other 2 persons, and 26.1% knew one individual. Of the abused participants, 36.5% was of intra- and extrafamilial (51.6%) nature, whilst 11.8% experienced both. The mean age the first abuse occurred was 9.20 (SD = 3.43). The duration of CSA varied: 2 weeks up to 8 years. The most common type of violation was fondling (91.4%) and other sexual activities, excluding penetration (62.4%). All of the CSA victims experienced at least 2 types of sexual violation. The overall prevalence found in the current study was higher than expected, suggesting that victims may currently be more likely to self-report on CSA experiences, as majority of respondents, more than 80%, are in the 18-30 age group. It is suggested that there is a greater need for understating the scale of CSA in Poland and for inclusion of other gender identities in the research on this topic.
The role of personality in shaping pandemic response: Systemic sociopolitical factors drive country differences
Authors: Siritzky Meghan , Condon David M , Weston Sara J
Published: August 2020

The current study utilizes the current COVID-19 pandemic to highlight the importance of accounting for the influence of external political and economic factors in personality public-health research. We investigated the extent to which systemic factors modify the relationship between personality and pandemic response. Results shed doubt on the cross-cultural generalizability of common big-five factor models. Individual differences only predicted government compliance in autocratic countries and in countries with income inequality. Personality was only predictive of mental health outcomes under conditions of state fragility and autocracy. Finally, there was little evidence that the big five traits were associated with preventive behaviors. Our ability to use individual differences to understand policy-relevant outcomes changes based on environmental factors and must be assessed on a trait-by-trait basis, thus supporting the inclusion of systemic political and economic factors in individual differences models.
Inflammation Mediates Longitudinal Relations Between Common Psychiatric Disorder Severity and Future Executive Function Impairment
Authors: Zainal Nur Hani Hani , Newman Michelle G.
Published: August 2020

Background: Scar models propose that elevated psychiatric disorder severity predisposes people to future decreased executive function (EF) through heightened inflammation. However, most prior research on this topic has been cross-sectional. We thus investigated if increased Time 1 (T1) common psychiatric disorder severity predicted Time 3 (T3) EF decrement via Time 2 (T2) inflammation in two unique samples. Methods: Community- dwelling adults participated in Study 1 (n = 614) and Study 2 (n = 945). Both studies measured T1 common psychiatric disorder severity (Composite International Diagnostic Interview–Short Form major depressive disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, and panic disorder severity scales), T2 inflammation (interleukin-6, C-reactive protein, and fibrinogen blood concentration), and T3 EF (Brief Test of Adult Cognition by Telephone). Structural equation modeling was conducted. Results: Greater T1 diagnostic severity predicted higher T2 inflammation (after 2 months in Study 1: Cohen’s d = 0.84; following 9 years in Study 2: d = 0.82). Moreover, higher T2 inflammation predicted lower T3 EF (after 18 months in Study 1: d = -1.30; following 9 years in Study 2: d = -1.18), with large effect sizes. Further, the mediation paths were significantly moderate-to-large in Study 1 (d = 0.76) and Study 2 (d = 0.69). Socio-demographic, lifestyle, medication use, and physical health variables did not moderate these mediation models. Conclusions: Inflammation may be a mechanism explaining the T1 common psychiatric disorder severity–T3 EF relation. Treatments that target inflammation and/or anxiety or depressive disorders may prevent some individuals from experiencing EF decline.
Do mindful people set better goals? Investigating the relation between trait mindfulness, self-concordance, and goal progress
Authors: Smyth Aidan , Werner Kaitlyn M. , Milyavskaya Marina , Holding Anne Catherine , Koestner Richard
Published: August 2020

The present research examined the relation between trait mindfulness, self-concordance, and goal progress. We hypothesized that mindfulness would be positively associated with setting self-concordant goals (Studies 1-3), which would in turn predict greater goal progress (Studies 2 and 3). An internal mini meta-analysis (N = 1522) indicates that mindfulness had a small, positive association with self-concordant goal setting, r = .14, p < .001. Two longitudinal studies (Studies 2 and 3) found a small indirect effect of mindfulness on goal progress through self-concordance, although this was marginal in Study 2. In addition, Studies 2 and 3 found that mindfulness predicted increases in goal self-concordance over time. These findings provide support for the proposition that mindful people set “better” goals.
Voting over a Distributed Ledger: An interdisciplinary perspective
Authors: Dhillon Amrita , Kotsialou Grammateia , McBurney Peter , Riley Luke
Published: August 2020

This work discusses the potential of a blockchain based infrastructure for a decentralised online voting platform. When compared to paper based voting, online voting can vastly increase the speed that votes can be counted, expand the overall accessibility of the election system and decrease the cost of turnout. Yet despite these advantages, online voting for political office is subject to fraud at various levels due to its centralised nature. In this paper, we describe a general architecture of a centralised online voting system and detail which areas of such a system are vulnerable to electoral fraud. We then proceed to introduce the key ideas underlying blockchain technology as a decentralised mechanism that can address these problems. We discuss the advantages and weaknesses of the blockchain technology, the protocols the technology uses and what criteria a good blockchain protocol should satisfy (depending on the voting application). We argue that the decentralisation inherent in the blockchain technology could increase the public's trust in national elections, as well as eliminate voter impersonation and double voting. We conclude with a discussion regarding how economists and social scientists can collaborate with the blockchain community in a research agenda on the design of efficient blockchain protocols and new voting systems such as liquid democracy.
The case of quantum mechanics mathematizing reality: the “superposition” of mathematically modelled and mathematical reality: Is there any room for gravity?
Authors: Penchev Vasil Dinev
Published: August 2020

A case study of quantum mechanics is investigated in the framework of the philosophical opposition “mathematical model – reality”. All classical science obeys the postulate about the fundamental difference of model and reality, and thus distinguishing epistemology from ontology fundamentally. The theorems about the absence of hidden variables in quantum mechanics imply for it to be “complete” (versus Einstein’s opinion). That consistent completeness (unlike arithmetic to set theory in the foundations of mathematics in Gödel’s opinion) can be interpreted furthermore as the coincidence of model and reality. The paper discusses the option and fact of that coincidence it its base: the fundamental postulate formulated by Niels Bohr about what quantum mechanics studies (unlike all classical science). Quantum mechanics involves and develops further both identification and disjunctive distinction of the global space of the apparatus and the local space of the investigated quantum entity as complementary to each other. This results into the analogical complementarity of model and reality in quantum mechanics. The apparatus turns out to be both absolutely “transparent” and identically coinciding simultaneously with the reflected quantum reality. Thus, the coincidence of model and reality is postulated as necessary condition for cognition in quantum mechanics by Bohr’s postulate and further, embodied in its formalism of the separable complex Hilbert space, in turn, implying the theorems of the absence of hidden variables (or the equivalent to them “conservation of energy conservation” in quantum mechanics). What the apparatus and measured entity exchange cannot be energy (for the different exponents of energy), but quantum information (as a certain, unambiguously determined wave function) therefore a generalized law of conservation, from which the conservation of energy conservation is a corollary. Particularly, the local and global space (rigorously justified in the Standard model) share the complementarity isomorphic to that of model and reality in the foundation of quantum mechanics. On that background, one can think of the troubles of “quantum gravity” as fundamental, direct corollaries from the postulates of quantum mechanics. Gravity can be defined only as a relation or by a pair of non-orthogonal separable complex Hilbert space attachable whether to two “parts” or to a whole and its parts. On the contrary, all the three fundamental interactions in the Standard model are “flat” and only “properties”: they need only a single separable complex Hilbert space to be defined.
Consumer's Buying Behaviour of Motorcycles in Janakpurdham
Authors: Shah Binod
Published: August 2020

The paper states the review of the factors that influence consumer buying behaviour of motorcycles in Janakpurdham. The focus of the article is in the area of consumer behaviour that plays a vital role in making decisions to purchase any product. The main objective of this study is to examine the factors that influence buying behaviour of consumers to purchase motorcycles. In this study, the questionnaire method is used to collect data. The study has been done by non-probable convenient sampling method. The main finding of this study is that the male folk play a dominant role in influencing the purchase of motorcycles. Servicemen prefer motorcycles in comparison of professionals, businessmen and others. Income of consumer plays an important role in the consumer buying decision of motorcycles. Price is the most important factor that influences consumer buying behaviour followed by quality. Also promotion plays a major role in influencing the consumer buying behaviour. This study is important to understand the buying behaviour of consumers.
Self-management: A Tool for Positive Psychology
Authors: Niroula Khagendra Bahadur
Published: August 2020

Happiness is the ultimate goal of human life which can be achieved through positivity. Positivity fosters internal strengths, provides happiness and wellbeing. This article aims to deal about self-management as a tool of positive psychology. It highlights the components of self-management which provides the sense of positivity in achieving individuals working and life goal. It focuses on understanding the factors for making the human life worthy. It attempts to define the positive psychology and establishes connection between positive psychology and self-management. It has taken some quotations from the holy book Bhagvat Gita to justify the content of self-management.
Contribution of Income Tax to GDP in Nepal
Authors: Adhikari Krishna Gopal
Published: August 2020

This research paper examines the contribution of income tax in revenue generation in Nepal after 2068 to 2073 B.S. The focus of the article is in the area of tax revenue collection. The results obtained from secondary data and information collected from reports, articles and journals. It is based on descriptive research design with the estimate of income tax to revenue generation. This suggests that the ratio of income tax on GDP is increasing every year since study period. Such a study is important in order to estimate contribution of income tax to GDP. The findings help to solve the problems of Income Tax System of Nepal. The main conclusion drawn from this study is the contribution income tax revenue is not sufficient to generate funds of tax revenues. This article recommends that the researchers, government and policy makers who want to know the contribution of income tax revenue to GDP in Nepal.
The Demise of a Black Organization: The Home Service Association (1921–65)
Authors: Knight Melanie
Published: August 2020

During World War I the Overseas Comfort Club (occ) provided home necessities for Black Canadian servicemen overseas. As an outgrowth of the occ, Toronto's Home Service Association (hsa) came into existence providing in-home supports for Black community members in need. In 1938 the hsa became an independent community centre and broadened its mandate to provide counselling, health and legal supports, and recreational programming. Thriving and described as a welcoming home base for the Black community, it sheltered many from the harsh segregationist anti-Black neighbouring community centres. By 1965 the organization was all but defunct. Relying on archival textual data (information on programming, correspondence, minutes of meetings, grant applications, and annual reports), I argue that its demise was strategic on the part of the state and functioned in a measured and incremental fashion. For demise to occur a complex and interrelated series of social and political processes must take place. First we see the identification of a wrong — corruption, lack of transparency — which is followed by an array of committees, auditors, and evaluators that scrutinize programs and practices. All of this is followed by the attribution of mismanagement, lack of leadership, and finally the state’s reassurance to the public that the organization will be cleaned up, monitored, and/or defunded. This article examines the hsa’s pivotal role for the Black community, its systemic struggles to stay viable, and the state’s attempts to delegitimize and discredit an organization vital to a Black community.
Low-cycle Fatigue Fracture of Stranded Ropes in Pantographs for Electrically Driven Trucks
Authors: Neidel A. , Giller M. , Wöhl E.
Published: August 2020

Fractured wire ropes of a pantograph actuator system for electrical trucks were received from the client. They failed by low cycle fatigue (LCF) fracture during service in a customized test rig. The client reported wide scatter of the number of testing cycles to failure. A laboratory order was placed for a metallurgical failure analysis of the subject stranded ropes, this to derive recommendations for design improvements, so that the minimum number of cycles to failure could be increased, and the scatter decreased.
Athletic Identity Measurement Scale: análise de validade por meio da Teoria de Resposta ao Item
Authors: Silva Walan Robert da , De Carvalho Helton Pereira , Medeiros Thiago Emannuel , Vieira Ericles De Paiva , Melo Gislane Ferreira de , Cruz Roberto Moraes , Pesca Andrea Duarte , Cardoso Fernando Luis
Published: August 2020

Tem-se por objetivo aplicar o modelo da Teoria de Resposta ao Item (TRI) no construto identidade do papel de atleta utilizando a medida Athletic Identity Measurement Scale (AIMS). Participaram 387 atletas de distintas modalidades esportivas. As análises foram empregadas a partir dos itens da AIMS, por meio da TRI que verificou o poder de discriminação dos itens pelo coeficiente ai, e a qualidade dos itens pelo b’s. Os itens da AIMS mostraram-se, em sua totalidade, capazes de diferenciar sujeitos com magnitudes próximas de Identidade Atlética (IA). Com relação à dificuldade do instrumento, pode-se perceber que os itens se distribuíram adequadamente nas faixas esperadas. A partir da adaptação da escala AIMS desenvolvida para capturar diferentes dimensões da identidade do papel de atleta, esta pesquisa apresentou um modelo de medida válido e parcimonioso, o que indica o AIMS como um instrumento confiável para a mensuração da IA em atletas brasileiros.
Linfoma canino: Revisão
Authors: Horta Gabriela
Published: August 2020

Canine lymphoma is a disease characterized by uncontrolled growing of cells in the lymphatic system, such as lymphocytes. It mainly affects male dogs of large breeds, from middle age to the elderly. The aim of this literature review is to add important information on neoplasm that affects dogs, since it is the tumor of the hematopoietic tissue with the highest occurrence in them.
Estudo retrospectivo dos exames histopatológicos realizados em cadelas com tumores mamários em hospital veterinário
Authors: Oliveira Guilherme , Andrade Pandolfi Izabela
Published: August 2020

Neoplasia is an abnormal mass of tissue with atypical growth and without biological purpose that can reach any tissue of the animal organism. However, in dogs, breast neoplasms are more frequent, especially in bitches aged over 8 years. Therefore, it is important to know epidemiological aspects regarding this disease for the best therapeutic choice and, consequently, for the success of the treatment. Thus, the present study aimed to carry out a survey of the reports of histopathological exams performed at the Veterinary Hospital of Uberaba from January 2016 to March 2018 and to verify the most affected breeds, the tumor characteristics, such as malignancy, aspects of the neoplasm, metastatic index and recurrences, the reports of imaging exams and the most frequent hematological changes. Among the most affected animals in this period are the mixed breed dogs, Poodle, BassetHound and Labrador. Elderly animals over 8 years old had higher prevalence (84.8%) compared to adult dogs. The most important hematological changes due to the number of occurrences were thrombocytosis and normochromic normocytic anemia. Breast carcinoma and mixed mammary tumor were the most frequent 12.0 and 27.2% respectively. With this study we saw the need for a good staging of neoplasms, assisting the clinician in the therapeutic decision, improving the prognosis of cancer patients.
Fatores predisponentes e sua influência no bem-estar de cães obesos
Authors: Da Silva Diely
Published: August 2020

The obesity can be treated as a pathological condition characterized by an accumulation of fat greater than that necessary for the optimization of body functions, sufficient to deteriorate them and impair good health and animal welfare. An obese dog has an accumulation of fat responsible for increasing weight by at least 15 to 20%, in relation to its ideal weight. Obesity is caused by an excessive consumption of calories that exceed energy needs, although factors such as genetics and some secondary pathological conditions may be involved in the etiology. When a dog is excessively obese, circulatory, joint and locomotor problems increase, in addition to skin diseases and tumors. Currently, obesity affects about 30% of dogs and is, therefore, recognized as a serious disease, with multiple consequences on the health of the animal and not just an aesthetic problem. Some practices must be considered, such as eliminating bad habits (excessive daily meals and insufficient physical activity), assessing energy needs, weighing and examining your dog in order to achieve a healthy body weight. The objective of this study was to discuss the effects of obesity in dogs. 23 tutors aged between 18 and 60 years participated in the research, varying the level of education and monthly family income. These were tutors of 25 dogs, neutered and whole. Middle-aged dogs had higher body density, precisely because the tutor provided food (rations, food in general) and snacks at will, and because these animals did not practice regular exercises. The tutors found it difficult to perceive their dog's body condition. Some practices must be considered, such as eliminating bad habits (excessive daily meals and insufficient physical activity) and assessing energy needs. Therefore, it is possible to achieve a healthy body weight.
Avaliação das principais patologias relacionadas ao uso de contraceptivos em felinos e seus efeitos deletérios
Authors: SILVA CATARINA RAFAELA
Published: August 2020

With the increasing urbanization and social individuality there is the increase of the creation with responsible guarding of pets, with dogs and cats being the main one, the latter being preferred by the tutors of ascending form in the last years. The, felines can have up to three pregnancies within a year, ranging from one to nine pups in each. Thus, the overpopulation of these animals occurs exponentially. This feature leads owners to look for contraception for animals. Among the existing forms, there are ovariosalpingohisterectomy (OSH) and hormonal contraception. The most commonly used contraceptive drugs are synthetic progesterone analogues such as Medroxyprogesterone Acetate (AMP), Megestrol Acetate and proligestone. However, these cause negative effects such as cystic endometrial hyperplasia, leading to pyometra, mammary hyperplasia, resulting in breast tumors, abortion, diabetes mellitus, dermatopathies and behavioral disorders, so their use is not recommended. A survey was carried out through questionnaires, with owners of cats taken for clinical care at the Jeremias Pereira da Silva University Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of Piauí, aiming to quantitatively analyze the cases of animals with side effects, according to the authors. race and age, correlated with the use of contraceptive drugs. The data obtained refer to the months from March to May 2015. All animals described in this study that presented pathological characteristics made use of contraceptive drugs. In the 2 cases of pyometra found the age range of 4 years (50%) and 8 years (50%) was observed, and all (100%) cases occurred in cats without defined breed (SRD). Of the 3 cases of breast cancer, animals at 9 months corresponded to 33.3%, 1 year (33.33%) and 2 years (33.33%) of age, and all (100%) were SRD. Of the 2 abortion cases, the age range observed was 2 years (50%) and 3 years (50%), and the affected races were SRD (50%) and Siamese (50%). Of the 2 cases of breast hyperplasia observed. in 6-month-old (50%) and 8-month-old (50%) cats, and the only breed affected was the SRD (100%). It is concluded that the indiscriminate use of contraceptive drugs is still frequent, as well as the number of animals that have negative effects on their use.
A contribution to the scelionid wasps (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) from some regions of Eastern Iran
Authors: Samin N. , Ghahari H. , Koçak E. , Radjabi Gh.R.
Published: August 2020

The Scelionidae were studied in some regions of Eastern Iran. In total 23 species from 7 genera were collected, among which two species, Eumicrosoma phaeax (Nixon, 1938) and Sparasion punctatissimum Kieffer, 1906, are new records for Iran.
Relationship of Principals Academic Decision-Making Practices with Faculty Morale: A Study of Colleges in Punjab
Authors: Shahzad Muhammad Nadeem , Farooqi Muhammad Tahir Khan , Ali Waqar
Published: August 2020

This study examines the relationship between principals academic decision-making practices and faculty morale. A descriptive survey study has been adopted. The population of the study comprised all the faculty members working in public sector colleges of Punjab, province of Pakistan. Two questionnaires based on five-point Likert Scale, namely Academic Decision-Making Practices (ADMP) questionnaire to measure practices was adopted by the principals and Faculty Morale Scale (FMS) to measure morale of teaching faculty. The collected data were analyzed using frequency, percentage, correlation coefficient and linear regression model. A positive significant relationship between principals academic decision making practices and morale of faculty members was found. Some academic decision-making practices like decisions based on policy matter, promote academic development, power delegation, employees participation collect information and planning are significantly correlated with morale of faculty. While, some practices such as diplomacy and use rules to suit themselves do not correlate with morale.
Comparison of Impact of Traditional and Modern Teaching Methods on Students' Performance at Elementary School Level
Authors: Ullah Obaid , Iqbal Mohammad
Published: August 2020

Teaching method acts as a fundamental catalyst of engineering the students learning at all levels. The present research explores the effect of lecture and word wall approaches on elementary level students in their academics with respect to their conceptual comprehension. The purpose of the study was pre-testing and post-testing experimental research that is equivalent group, while in the sample of study 50 students from class 5 were divided into two categories: 25 students in control and experimental classes.The data was collected through pretest and posttest in the form of written tests from students on weekly basis, which was analyzed via ANCOVA using SPSS. The results show that a modern teaching method, i.e. the word-wall, and a high conceptual understanding, enhances the performance of students in the experimental group. It also recommended that the students retain academic principles using modern assessment methods, adopt new teaching strategies and provide cognitive training.
Endarterectomy for symptomatic internal carotid artery web
Authors: Haynes Joseph , Raz Eytan , Tanweer Omar , Shapiro Maksim , Esparza Rogelio , Zagzag David , Riina Howard A. , Henderson Christine , Lillemoe Kaitlyn , Zhang Cen , Rostanski Sara , Yaghi Shadi , Ishida Koto , Torres Jose , Mac Grory Brian , Nossek Erez
Published: August 2020

OBJECTIVE

The carotid web (CW) is an underrecognized source of cryptogenic, embolic stroke in patients younger than 55 years of age, with up to 37% of these patients found to have CW on angiography. Currently, there are little data detailing the best treatment practices to reduce the risk of recurrent stroke in these patients. The authors describe their institutional surgical experience with patients treated via carotid endarterectomy (CEA) for a symptomatic internal carotid artery web.

METHODS

A retrospective, observational cohort study was performed including all patients presenting to the authors’ institution with CW. All patients who were screened underwent either carotid artery stenting (CAS) or CEA after presentation with ischemic stroke from January 2019 to February 2020. From this sample, patients with suggestive radiological features and pathologically confirmed CW who underwent CEA were identified. Patient demographics, medical histories, radiological images, surgical results, and clinical outcomes were collected and described using descriptive statistics.

RESULTS

A total of 45 patients with symptomatic carotid lesions were treated at the authors’ institution during the time period. Twenty patients underwent CAS, 1 of them for a CW. Twenty-five patients were treated via CEA, and of these, 6 presented with ischemic strokes ipsilateral to CWs, including 3 patients who presented with recurrent strokes. The mean patient age was 55 ± 12.6 years and 5 of 6 were women. CT angiography or digital subtraction angiography demonstrated the presence of CWs ipsilateral to the stroke in all patients. All patients underwent resection of CWs using CEA. There were no permanent procedural complications and no patients had stroke recurrence following intervention at the latest follow-up (mean 6.1 ± 4 months). One patient developed mild tongue deviation most likely related to retraction, with complete recovery at follow-up.

CONCLUSIONS

CEA is a safe and feasible treatment for symptomatic carotid webs and should be considered a viable alternative to CAS in this patient population.
Comparison of robotic-assisted carotid stenting and manual carotid stenting through the transradial approach
Authors: Weinberg Joshua H. , Sweid Ahmad , Sajja Kalyan , Gooch M. Reid , Herial Nabeel , Tjoumakaris Stavropoula , Rosenwasser Robert H. , Jabbour Pascal
Published: August 2020

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study was to demonstrate the feasibility and safety of CorPath GRX robotic-assisted (RA) transradial (TR) carotid artery stenting (CAS) compared with manual TR CAS.

METHODS

The authors conducted a retrospective analysis of a prospectively maintained database and identified 13 consecutive patients who underwent TR CAS from June 2019 through February 2020. Patients were divided into 2 groups: RA (6 patients) and manual (7 patients).

RESULTS

Among 6 patients in the RA group with a mean age of 70.0 ± 7.2 years, technical success was achieved in all 6 (100%) procedures; there were no technical or access-site complications and no catheter exchanges. Transfemoral conversion was required in 1 (16.7%) case due to a tortuous aortic arch. There were no perioperative complications, including myocardial infarction, stroke, and mortality. The mean procedure duration was significantly longer in the RA group (85.0 ± 14.3 minutes [95% CI 69.9–100.0] vs 61.2 ± 17.5 minutes [95% CI 45.0–77.4], p = 0.0231). There was no significant difference in baseline characteristics, fluoroscopy time, contrast dose, radiation exposure, catheter exchanges, technical success, transfemoral conversion, technical or access-site complications, myocardial infarction, stroke, other complications, or mortality.

CONCLUSIONS

The authors’ results suggest that RA TR CAS is feasible, safe, and effective. Neurovascular-specific engineering and software modifications are needed prior to complete remote control. Remote control has important implications regarding patient access to lifesaving procedures for conditions such as stroke and aneurysm rupture as well as operative precision. Future clinical investigations among larger cohorts are needed to demonstrate reliable performance and patient benefit.
Acute brain inflammation, white matter oxidative stress, and myelin deficiency in a model of neonatal intraventricular hemorrhage
Authors: Goulding Danielle S. , Vogel R. Caleb , Gensel John C. , Morganti Josh M. , Stromberg Arnold J. , Miller Brandon A.
Published: August 2020

OBJECTIVE

Neonatal intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) leads to posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus (PHH), brain injury, and long-term disability. Current therapy for IVH is based on treating PHH but does not address the underlying brain injury. In order to develop pharmacological treatment for IVH, there must be a better understanding of the underlying pathology of this disease. This study was designed to determine the time course of the acute inflammation and oxidative stress that may underlie the progressive pathology of IVH. The authors sought to understand the temporal relationships among inflammation, oxidative stress, and white matter pathology in a rat model of IVH.

METHODS

A rat model of IVH consisting of hemoglobin injection into the lateral ventricle was used. Tissue was analyzed via biochemical and histological methods to map the spatiotemporal distribution of innate immune activation and oxidative stress. White matter was quantified using both immunohistochemistry and Western blot for myelin basic protein (MBP) in the corpus callosum.

RESULTS

IVH led to acute induction of inflammatory cytokines, followed by oxidative stress. Oxidative stress was concentrated in white matter, adjacent to the lateral ventricles. Animals with IVH initially gained weight at a lower rate than control animals and had larger ventricles and less MBP than control animals.

CONCLUSIONS

Experimental IVH induces global inflammation throughout the brain and oxidative stress concentrated in the white matter. Both of these phenomena occur early after IVH. This has implications for human neonates with immature white matter that is exquisitely sensitive to inflammation and oxidative stress. Antiinflammatory or antioxidant therapy for IVH may need to be initiated early in order to protect developing white matter.
Early fixation of traumatic spinal fractures and the reduction of complications in the absence of neurological injury: a retrospective cohort study from the American College of Surgeons Trauma Quality Improvement Program
Authors: Guttman Matthew P. , Larouche Jeremie , Lyons Frank , Nathens Avery B.
Published: August 2020

OBJECTIVE

The optimal timing of operative stabilization of patients with traumatic spinal fractures without spinal cord injury (SCI) has not been established. The challenges of early operative intervention, which may require prone positioning in a patient with multisystem injuries, must be balanced with the disadvantages of prolonged immobilization. The authors set out to define the optimal timing of surgical repair of traumatic spinal fractures in patients without SCI and the effect of delayed repair on the incidence of major complications.

METHODS

A retrospective cohort study was conducted using data derived from the American College of Surgeons Trauma Quality Improvement Program. Adult trauma patients who underwent operative fixation of a spinal fracture within 7 days of admission were included. Patients with SCI were excluded. The primary outcome was the occurrence of a major complication. Secondary outcomes included death and length of stay. Restricted cubic splines were used to model the nonlinear effects of time to spinal fixation and determine a threshold beyond which stabilization was associated with a higher rate of major complications. Logistic regression and propensity score matching were then used to derive estimates for the association between delayed fixation and major complications.

RESULTS

The authors identified 19,310 patients treated at 389 centers who met the inclusion criteria. Modeling identified fixation beyond 24 hours as a risk for major complications. Adjusting for potential confounders using multivariable logistic regression showed that late fixation was associated with a 1.30 (95% CI 1.15–1.46) times increased odds of developing a major complication. After propensity score matching, late fixation remained associated with a 1.25 (95% CI 1.13–1.39) times increased risk of experiencing a major complication.

CONCLUSIONS

In the absence of clear contraindications, surgeons should strive to stabilize traumatic spinal fractures without SCI within 24 hours. Early fixation can be expected to reduce major complications by 25%–30%.
Effects of dietary vitamin C supplementation on fatty acid profile in breast meat of broiler chickens
Authors: Tavakoli Masoomeh , Bouyeh Mehrdad , Seidavi Alireza
Published: August 2020

Ziel der Studie war es, die Auswirkungen der Aufnahme von drei verschiedenen Vitamin C-Mengen (0, 200 und 400 mg / kg) in die Ernährung auf das Fettsäureprofil im Broilerbrustfleisch zu bewerten. Die Studie wurde in 3 Zyklen und 4 Wiederholungen in Dauer von 42 Tagen durchgeführt, an einer vollständig randomisierten Probe von 10 Hühnern pro Käfig, insgesamt 120 männliche Hühner im Alter von einem Tag des kommerziellen Hybrids Ross 308. Die Datenanalyse wurde unter Verwendung des statistischen SAS-Analyseprogramms vorgenommen, während der Vergleich der Mittelwerte mit dem Duncan multiplen Vergleichstest mit einer Fehlerwahrscheinlichkeit von 5% durchgeführt wurde. Die Ergebnisse zeigten, dass die Zugabe von Vitamin C in einer Menge von 200 mg / kg den Prozentsatz an gesättigten Fettsäuren wie Myristinsäure, Palmitinsäure und Stearinsäure verringert, wobei die Menge an ungesättigten Fettsäuren zunahm und die Menge an gesättigten Fettsäuren abnahm
Bibliografia polska świętego Benedykta Opata
Authors: Malinowski Andrzej
Published: August 2020

nie dotyczy
Starożytne reguły zakonne, przekład zbiorowy. Wybór, wstępy, opracowanie ks. M. Starowieyski, Warszawa 1980 /PSP 26/
Authors: Bober Andrzej
Published: August 2020

recenzja
Ernst Friedrich Sauer, Benediktsregel und Weltleute, Augustin - Hangelar 1980, stron 273 , format 8
Authors: Drączkowski Franciszek
Published: August 2020

recenzja
Basilius Senger, Święty Benedykt. Za pozwoleniem autora spolszczył i rozszerzył ks. Jan-Kanty Majewski, Warszawa 1981, Pax, s. 142
Authors: Frąszczak Grzegorz
Published: August 2020

recenzja
Marian Plezia, Księgozbiór katedry krakowskiej wedle inwentarza z r. 1110, w: Silva rerum, series nova, Kraków 1981, 16-29
Authors: Sczaniecki Paweł
Published: August 2020

recenzja