bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Enhanced IT2FCM* Algorithm Integrating Spectral Indices and Spatial Information for Multi-Spectral Remote Sensing Image Clustering
Authors: Guo Jifa , Huo Hongyuan
Published: September 2017

Interval type-2 fuzzy c-means (IT2FCM) clustering methods for remote-sensing data classification are based on interval type-2 fuzzy sets and can effectively handle uncertainty of membership grade. However, most of these methods neglect the spatial information when they are used in image clustering. The spatial information and spectral indices are useful in remote-sensing data classification. Thus, determining how to integrate them into IT2FCM to improve the quality and accuracy of the classification is very important. This paper proposes an enhanced IT2FCM* (EnIT2FCM*) algorithm by combining spatial information and spectral indices for remote-sensing data classification. First, the new comprehensive spatial information is defined as the combination of the local spatial distance and attribute distance or membership-grade distance. Then, a novel distance metric is proposed by combining this new spatial information and the selected spectral indices; these selected spectral indices are treated as another dataset in this distance metric. To test the effectiveness of the EnIT2FCM* algorithm, four typical validity indices along with the confusion matrix and kappa coefficient are used. The experimental results show that the spatial information definition proposed here is effective, and some spectral indices and their combinations improve the performance of the EnIT2FCM*. Thus, the selection of suitable spectral indices is crucial, and the combination of soil adjusted vegetation index (SAVI) and the Automated Water Extraction Index (AWEIsh) is the best choice of spectral indices for this method.
On Optimal Cooperative Sensing with Energy Detection in Cognitive Radio
Authors: Bae Sunghwan , So Jaewoo , Kim Hongseok
Published: September 2017

In this paper, we propose an optimal cooperative sensing technique for cognitive radio to maximize sensing performance based on energy detection. In most spectrum sensing research, many cooperation methods have been proposed to overcome the sensitivity of energy detection so that both primary and secondary users are better off in terms of spectral efficiency. However, without assigning a proper sensing threshold to each sensing node, cooperation may not be effective unless the received average primary user signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is identical. We show that equal threshold energy detection severely degrades sensing performance when cooperative sensing nodes experience diverse average SNRs, and it is not unusual for even single-node sensing to be better than cooperative sensing. To this end, based on the Neyman–Pearson criterion we formulate an optimization problem to maximize sensing performance by using optimized thresholds. Since this is a non-convex optimization problem, we provide a condition that convexifies the problem and thus serves as a sufficient optimality condition. We find that, perhaps surprisingly, in all practical cases one may consider this condition satisfied, and thus optimal sensing performance can be obtained. Through extensive simulations, we demonstrate that the proposed technique achieves a globally optimal solution, i.e., it maximizes the probability of detection under practical operating parameters such as the target probability of false alarm, different SNRs, and the number of cooperative sensing nodes.
PIG’s Speed Estimated with Pressure Transducers and Hall Effect Sensor: An Industrial Application of Sensors to Validate a Testing Laboratory
Authors: Lima Gustavo , Freitas Victor , Araújo Renan , Maitelli André , Salazar Andrés
Published: September 2017

The pipeline inspection using a device called Pipeline Inspection Gauge (PIG) is safe and reliable when the PIG is at low speeds during inspection. We built a Testing Laboratory, containing a testing loop and supervisory system to study speed control techniques for PIGs. The objective of this work is to present and validate the Testing Laboratory, which will allow development of a speed controller for PIGs and solve an existing problem in the oil industry. The experimental methodology used throughout the project is also presented. We installed pressure transducers on pipeline outer walls to detect the PIG’s movement and, with data from supervisory, calculated an average speed of 0.43 m/s. At the same time, the electronic board inside the PIG received data from odometer and calculated an average speed of 0.45 m/s. We found an error of 4.44%, which is experimentally acceptable. The results showed that it is possible to successfully build a Testing Laboratory to detect the PIG’s passage and estimate its speed. The validation of the Testing Laboratory using data from the odometer and its auxiliary electronic was very successful. Lastly, we hope to develop more research in the oil industry area using this Testing Laboratory.
Development of a Sensitive Electrochemical Enzymatic Reaction-Based Cholesterol Biosensor Using Nano-Sized Carbon Interdigitated Electrodes Decorated with Gold Nanoparticles
Authors: Sharma Deepti , Lee Jongmin , Seo Junyoung , Shin Heungjoo
Published: September 2017

We developed a versatile and highly sensitive biosensor platform. The platform is based on electrochemical-enzymatic redox cycling induced by selective enzyme immobilization on nano-sized carbon interdigitated electrodes (IDEs) decorated with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). Without resorting to sophisticated nanofabrication technologies, we used batch wafer-level carbon microelectromechanical systems (C-MEMS) processes to fabricate 3D carbon IDEs reproducibly, simply, and cost effectively. In addition, AuNPs were selectively electrodeposited on specific carbon nanoelectrodes; the high surface-to-volume ratio and fast electron transfer ability of AuNPs enhanced the electrochemical signal across these carbon IDEs. Gold nanoparticle characteristics such as size and morphology were reproducibly controlled by modulating the step-potential and time period in the electrodeposition processes. To detect cholesterol selectively using AuNP/carbon IDEs, cholesterol oxidase (ChOx) was selectively immobilized via the electrochemical reduction of the diazonium cation. The sensitivity of the AuNP/carbon IDE-based biosensor was ensured by efficient amplification of the redox mediators, ferricyanide and ferrocyanide, between selectively immobilized enzyme sites and both of the combs of AuNP/carbon IDEs. The presented AuNP/carbon IDE-based cholesterol biosensor exhibited a wide sensing range (0.005–10 mM) and high sensitivity (~993.91 µA mM−1 cm−2; limit of detection (LOD) ~1.28 µM). In addition, the proposed cholesterol biosensor was found to be highly selective for the cholesterol detection.
Achieving Congestion Mitigation Using Distributed Power Control for Spectrum Sensor Nodes in Sensor Network-Aided Cognitive Radio Ad Hoc Networks
Authors: Zhang Long , Xu Haitao , Zhuo Fan , Duan Hucai
Published: September 2017

The data sequence of spectrum sensing results injected from dedicated spectrum sensor nodes (SSNs) and the data traffic from upstream secondary users (SUs) lead to unpredictable data loads in a sensor network-aided cognitive radio ad hoc network (SN-CRN). As a result, network congestion may occur at a SU acting as fusion center when the offered data load exceeds its available capacity, which degrades network performance. In this paper, we present an effective approach to mitigate congestion of bottlenecked SUs via a proposed distributed power control framework for SSNs over a rectangular grid based SN-CRN, aiming to balance resource load and avoid excessive congestion. To achieve this goal, a distributed power control framework for SSNs from interior tier (IT) and middle tier (MT) is proposed to achieve the tradeoff between channel capacity and energy consumption. In particular, we firstly devise two pricing factors by considering stability of local spectrum sensing and spectrum sensing quality for SSNs. By the aid of pricing factors, the utility function of this power control problem is formulated by jointly taking into account the revenue of power reduction and the cost of energy consumption for IT or MT SSN. By bearing in mind the utility function maximization and linear differential equation constraint of energy consumption, we further formulate the power control problem as a differential game model under a cooperation or noncooperation scenario, and rigorously obtain the optimal solutions to this game model by employing dynamic programming. Then the congestion mitigation for bottlenecked SUs is derived by alleviating the buffer load over their internal buffers. Simulation results are presented to show the effectiveness of the proposed approach under the rectangular grid based SN-CRN scenario.
Structural and Dynamics Perspectives on the Binding of Substrate and Inhibitors in Mycobacterium tuberculosis DHFR
Authors: Sittikornpaiboon Pimonluck , Toochinda Pisanu , Lawtrakul Luckhana
Published: September 2017

Dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR), an essential enzyme in the folate pathway, is a potential target for new anti-tuberculosis drugs. Fifteen crystal structures of Mycobacterium tuberculosis DHFR complexed with NADPH and various inhibitors are available in the RCSB Protein Data Bank, but none of them is a substrate binding structure. Therefore, we performed molecular dynamics simulations on ternary complexes of M. tuberculosis DHFR:NADPH with a substrate (dihydrofolate) and each of three competitive inhibitors in 2,4-diaminopyrimidine series (P1, P157, and P169), in order to gain insight into the inhibition-mechanism of DHFR in the folate pathway. The binding energy and thermodynamics values of each system were calculated by the Molecular Mechanics/Generalized Born Surface Area (MM/GBSA) method. The dynamics of the enzyme and the motion of each amino acid residue at the active site were examined. The key factors that promote the binding of P157 and P169 on M. tuberculosis DHFR (mtbDHFR) reveal opportunities for using these compounds as novel anti-tuberculosis drugs.
Tourism Eco-Efficiency Measurement, Characteristics, and Its Influence Factors in China
Authors: Qiu Xiaoping , Fang Yiping , Yang Xueting , Zhu Fubiao
Published: September 2017

As an emerging field of eco-efficiency, tourism eco-efficiency is becoming an important way to measure the sustainable development of tourism. This study calculated and decomposed tourism CO2 emissions in China, explored its evolution and distribution characteristics by using the ratio method of tourism eco-efficiency, and analyzed the influencing factors by adopting a regression model. The results indicate that: (1) tourism CO2 emissions in China have increased significantly, their largest source is transportation. Its characteristics can be divided into carbon emission intensity factor, income structure factor, consumption level factor, and tourist scale factor through utilizing the Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index (LMDI) method, which also shows that the decisive factor of increased of tourism CO2 emissions has been the tourist scale factor. (2) Tourism eco-efficiency is marked by spectacular but unstable growth, which can be divided into three stages: inefficient stagnation stage, fluctuating growth stage, and efficient development stage. (3) Tourism eco-efficiency in China has shown that the remarkable high–high cluster and low–low cluster, and the 31 provinces, can be divided into four groups, namely: a high-efficiency high-growth group, a high-efficiency low-growth group, a low-efficiency high-growth group, and a low-efficiency low-growth group. (4) The main influencing factors of tourism eco-efficiency are the scale effect, the structural effect, the technical effect, and the environmental regulation. Since these four factors have different impacts on the tourism eco-efficiency of different groups according to panel data regression, more effective policies should be adopted for the improvement of tourism eco-efficiency in China. Finally, the significances and deficiencies of this study are discussed.
Deconstructing Attitudes towards Immigrant Workers among Hungarian Employees and Higher Education Students
Authors: Dajnoki Krisztina , Máté Domician , Fenyves Veronika , Kun András
Published: September 2017

To preserve economic and social sustainability, countries impacted by international migration must prepare for the challenges that influx will bring to their societies, whether it be to their labor markets or their local, regional and national cultures. In essence, all areas of public life may be affected. Therefore, the exploration and recognition of the factors influencing integration, as well as the correlations behind attitudes of acceptance or rejection of the integration of immigrants, are essential. The present study contributes to the results in this field by revealing the beliefs behind the differences between groups accepting and rejecting immigrants, using a questionnaire database. Our survey sample consists of 444 Hungarian university students and 170 employees. The primary method of data analysis is binary logistic regression, completed by bivariate analyses. Our findings confirm that a positive, accepting attitude towards immigrants is more probable if an image is formed of them as being hardworking and that the work they do contributes to the economic development of the host country. Moreover, the integration of such individuals should not be seen as resulting in any unfavorable change in criminal statistics, working conditions, unemployment or discrimination. Additionally, the acceptance of immigrants as colleagues might be facilitated—in addition to their higher qualifications—by domestic (i.e., Hungarian) employees being better informed about immigration, and if immigrants occupy positions in which domestic employees are not willing to work.
The Heat-Stable Enterotoxin Receptor, Guanylyl Cyclase C, as a Pharmacological Target in Colorectal Cancer Immunotherapy: A Bench-to-Bedside Current Report
Authors: Baybutt Trevor , Aka Allison , Snook Adam
Published: September 2017

Cancer immunotherapy is becoming a routine treatment modality in the oncology clinic, in spite of the fact that it is a relatively nascent field. The challenge in developing effective immunotherapeutics is the identification of target molecules that promote anti-tumor efficacy across the patient population while sparing healthy tissue from damaging autoimmunity. The intestinally restricted receptor guanylyl cyclase C (GUCY2C) is a target that has been investigated for the treatment of colorectal cancer and numerous animal, and clinical studies have demonstrated both efficacy and safety. Here, we describe the current state of GUCY2C-directed cancer immunotherapy and the future directions of this work.
Zearalenone (ZEN) and Its Influence on Regulation of Gene Expression in Carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) Liver Tissue
Authors: Pietsch Constanze
Published: September 2017

Zearalenone (ZEN) is a frequently-occurring mycotoxin in both animal and fish feeds. In order to characterize its effects on carp, three groups of fish were fed for 28 days with feeds contaminated with three different levels of ZEN (low: 332 µg kg−1, medium: 621 µg kg−1, and high: 797 µg kg−1 feed). The reversibility of the effects of ZEN was assessed by feeding all of the groups with uncontaminated feed for a further 14 days. Gene expression of immune genes in the liver tissue of the fish was analysed, revealing reduced expressions of immune, antioxidative, and estrogen-related genes after the fish had been exposed to ZEN. However, the expression of vacuole-type H+ ATPase increased substantially with ZEN exposure, thus supporting the previously-reported sensitivity of lysosomal functions to ZEN. Feeding the fish with a ZEN-free diet for a further two weeks changed the effects of ZEN on the expression of some genes, including the expressions of the cytokines IL-1β, IL-8, IL-10, and arginase 2, which were not influenced after four weeks of treatment, but showed lower values after the recovery phase in fish previously treated with ZEN compared with the control group. In summary, this study confirmed the broad effects of ZEN on different essential functions in carp and suggests that the current maximum allowable levels in compound feed are too high to prevent damage to fish.
A Decrease of Incidence Cases of Fumonisins in South Korean Feedstuff between 2011 and 2016
Authors: Park Juhee , Chang Hansub , Hong Seungran , Kim Dongho , Chung Soohyun , Lee Chan
Published: September 2017

Several plant pathogen Fusarium species produce fumonisins (FUMs); which can end up in food and feed and; when ingested; can exhibit harmful effects on humans and livestock. Mycotoxin intoxication by fumonisin B1 (FB1) and fumonisin B2 (FB2) can cause porcine pulmonary edema; leukoencephalomalacia in equines; esophageal cancer and birth defects by natural contamination. Herein; the occurrence of FB1 and FB2 in feedstuff (compound feed and feed ingredients) was investigated between 2011 and 2016 in South Korea. A total of 535 animal feed samples (425 compound feed samples and 110 feed ingredients) produced domestically were sampled four times between 2011 and 2016 (2011; 2012; 2014 and 2016) from feed factories in South Korea. The limit of detection (LOD) for FB1 and FB2 was 20 μg/kg and 25 μg/kg; respectively; and the limit of quantitation (LOQ) was 30 μg/kg and 35 μg/kg; respectively. The recovery range (%) was between 86.4% and 108.8%; and the relative standard deviation (RSD) (%) was 4.7–12.1%. Seven (swine feed samples) out of the 425 feed samples exceeded the European Union (EU) and South Korea commission regulations over the six-year test period; and no feed ingredients exceeded the guidelines.
Geminiviruses and Plant Hosts: A Closer Examination of the Molecular Arms Race
Authors: Ramesh Shunmugiah , Sahu Pranav , Prasad Manoj , Praveen Shelly , Pappu Hanu
Published: September 2017

Geminiviruses are plant-infecting viruses characterized by a single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) genome. Geminivirus-derived proteins are multifunctional and effective regulators in modulating the host cellular processes resulting in successful infection. Virus-host interactions result in changes in host gene expression patterns, reprogram plant signaling controls, disrupt central cellular metabolic pathways, impair plant’s defense system, and effectively evade RNA silencing response leading to host susceptibility. This review summarizes what is known about the cellular processes in the continuing tug of war between geminiviruses and their plant hosts at the molecular level. In addition, implications for engineered resistance to geminivirus infection in the context of a greater understanding of the molecular processes are also discussed. Finally, the prospect of employing geminivirus-based vectors in plant genome engineering and the emergence of powerful genome editing tools to confer geminivirus resistance are highlighted to complete the perspective on geminivirus-plant molecular interactions.
A Recombinant HAV Expressing a Neutralization Epitope of HEV Induces Immune Response against HAV and HEV in Mice
Authors: Xiang Kui , Kusov Yuri , Ying Guan , Yan Wang , Shan Yi , Jinyuan Wu , Na Yin , Yan Zhou , Hongjun Li , Maosheng Sun
Published: September 2017

Hepatitis A virus (HAV) and hepatitis E virus (HEV) are causative agents of acute viral hepatitis transmitted via the fecal–oral route. Both viruses place a heavy burden on the public health and economy of developing countries. To test the possibility that HAV could be used as an expression vector for the development of a combination vaccine against hepatitis A and E infections, recombinant HAV-HEp148 was created as a vector to express an HEV neutralization epitope (HEp148) located at aa 459–606 of the HEV capsid protein. The recombinant virus expressed the HEp148 protein in a partially dimerized state in HAV-susceptible cells. Immunization with the HAV-HEp148 virus induced a strong HAV- and HEV-specific immune response in mice. Thus, the present study demonstrates a novel approach to the development of a combined hepatitis A and E vaccine.
Flood Inundation Modelling of Flash Floods in Steep River Basins and Catchments
Authors: Kvočka Davor , Ahmadian Reza , Falconer Roger
Published: September 2017

The potential flood inundation extent can be estimated with flood inundation models, which can differ in the level of physical and numerical modelling complexity included in the solution procedure. In recent years, several studies have highlighted the benefits of shock-capturing flood inundation models, particularly when modelling a high Froude number or supercritical flows, or in areas prone to the occurrence of rapidly varying flood events, such as flash floods. Nonetheless, decision makers are often reluctant to implement more complex modelling tools into practical flood inundation modelling studies, unless evidence is provided to establish when such refined modelling tools should be used. The main objective of this study was to determine a general threshold value of the bottom slope that could be used by decision makers as an orientation guide to ascertain when to use a specific type of flood inundation model. The results obtained suggest that in torrential river basins or catchments (i.e., river basins and catchments with a bed slope generally greater than 1%), the flood inundation modelling should be conducted by using a flood inundation model that include shock-capturing algorithms in the model solution procedure.
Local- and Plot-Scale Measurements of Soil Moisture: Time and Spatially Resolved Field Techniques in Plain, Hill and Mountain Sites
Authors: Raffelli Giulia , Previati Maurizio , Canone Davide , Gisolo Davide , Bevilacqua Ivan , Capello Giorgio , Biddoccu Marcella , Cavallo Eugenio , Deiana Rita , Cassiani Giorgio , Ferraris Stefano
Published: September 2017

Soil moisture measurement is essential to validate hydrological models and satellite data. In this work we provide an overview of different local and plot scale soil moisture measurement techniques applied in three different conditions in terms of altitude, land use, and soil type, namely a plain, a mountain meadow and a hilly vineyard. The main goal is to provide a synoptic view of techniques supported by practical case studies to show that in such different conditions it is possible to estimate a time and spatially resolved soil moisture by the same combination of instruments: contact-based methods (i.e., Time Domain Reflectometry—TDR, and two low frequency probes) for the time resolved, and hydro-geophysical minimally-invasive methods (i.e., Electromagnetic Induction—EMI, Ground Penetrating Radar—GPR, and the Electrical Resistivity Tomography—ERT) for the spatially resolved. Both long-term soil moisture measurements and spatially resolved measurement campaigns are discussed. Technical and operational measures are detailed to allow critical factors to be identified.
Exploring the Spatial-Seasonal Dynamics of Water Quality, Submerged Aquatic Plants and Their Influencing Factors in Different Areas of a Lake
Authors: Li Kun , Wang Ling , Li Zhaohua , Xie Yujing , Wang Xiangrong , Fang Qing
Published: September 2017

The degradation of water quality in lakes and its negative effects on freshwater ecosystems have become a serious problem worldwide. Exploring the dynamics in the associated factors is essential for water pollution management and control. GIS interpolation, principal component analysis (PCA) and multivariate statistical techniques were used to identify the main pollution sources in different areas of Honghu Lake. The results indicate that the spatial distribution of the concentrations of total nitrogen (TN), total phosphate (TP), ammonia nitrogen (NH4+–N), and permanganate index (CODMn) have similar characteristics and that their values gradually increased from south to north during the three seasons in Honghu Lake. The major influencing factors of water quality varied across the different areas and seasons. The relatively high concentrations of TN and TP, which might limit the growth of submerged aquatic plants, were mainly caused by anthropogenic factors. Our work suggests that spatial analyses combined with PCA are useful for investigating the factors that influence water quality and submerged aquatic plant biomass in different areas of a lake. These findings provide sound information for the future water quality management of the lake or even the entire lake basin.
Ursolic Acid Attenuates TGF-β1-Induced Epithelial‐Mesenchymal Transition in NSCLC by Targeting Integrin αVβ5/MMPs Signaling
Authors: Ruan Jun Shan , Zhou Huan , Yang Lin , Wang Ling , Jiang Zong Sheng , Sun Hong , Wang Shao Ming
Published: September 2017

Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)-induced epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) may contribute to tumor metastasis. TGF-β1-induced EMT in H1975 cells (a human NSCLC cell line) resulted in the adoption of mesenchymal
responses that were predominantly mediated via the TGF-β1‐integrin signaling pathway. Ursolic acid has been previously reported to inhibit tumor growth and metastasis in several cancers. However, whether ursolic acid can attenuate TGF-β1-induced EMT in H1975 cells and its
underlying mechanisms remain unknown. In this study, ursolic acid significantly attenuated the TGF-β1-induced decrease in E-cadherin level and elevated the level of N-cadherin. Furthermore, ursolic acid inhibited the mesenchymal-like responses in H1975 cells, including cell migration,
invasion, and activity of matrix metallopeptidase (MMP)-2 and -9. Finally, our new findings provided evidence that ursolic acid could inhibit EMT in NSCLC through TGF-β1 signaling pathway-mediated integrin αVβ5 expression, and this might be the potential mechanism of resveratrol
on the inhibition of invasion and metastases in NSCLC. We conclude that ursolic acid attenuated TGF-β1-induced EMT in H1975 cells and thus might be a promising therapeutic agent for treating NSCLC.
Are High-redshift Galaxies Hot? Temperature of z > 5 Galaxies and Implications for Their Dust Properties
Authors: Faisst Andreas L. , Capak Peter L. , Yan Lin , Pavesi Riccardo , Riechers Dominik A. , Barišić Ivana , Cooke Kevin C. , Kartaltepe Jeyhan S. , Masters Daniel C.
Published: September 2017

Recent studies have found a significant evolution and scatter in the relationship between the UV spectral slope (β
UV) and the infrared excess (IRX; L
IR/L
UV) at z > 4, suggesting different dust properties of these galaxies. The total far-infrared (FIR) luminosity is key for this analysis, but it is poorly constrained in normal (main-sequence) star-forming z > 5 galaxies, where often only one single FIR point is available. To better inform estimates of the FIR luminosity, we construct a sample of local galaxies and three low-redshift analogues of z > 5 systems. The trends in this sample suggest that normal high-redshift galaxies have a warmer infrared (IR) spectral energy distribution (SED) compared to average z < 4 galaxies that are used as priors in these studies. The blueshifted peak and mid-IR excess emission could be explained by a combination of a larger fraction of metal-poor interstellar medium being optically thin to ultraviolet (UV) light and a stronger UV radiation field due to high star formation densities. Assuming a maximally warm IR SED suggests a 0.6 dex increase in total FIR luminosities, which removes some tension between the dust attenuation models and observations of the IRX−β relation at z > 5. Despite this, some galaxies still fall below the minimum IRX−β relation derived with standard dust cloud models. We propose that radiation pressure in these highly star-forming galaxies causes a spatial offset between dust clouds and young star-forming regions within the lifetime of O/B stars. These offsets change the radiation balance and create viewing-angle effects that can change UV colors at fixed IRX. We provide a modified model that can explain the location of these galaxies on the IRX−β diagram.
The Evolution of Bulge-dominated Field Galaxies from z ≈ 1 to the Present
Authors: Woodrum Charity , Jørgensen Inger , Fisher R. Scott , Oberhelman Lindsey , Demarco Ricardo , Contreras Taylor , Bieker Jacob
Published: September 2017

We analyze the stellar populations and evolutionary history of bulge-dominated field galaxies at redshifts

as part of the Gemini/Hubble Space Telescope (HST) Galaxy Cluster Project (GCP). High signal-to-noise optical spectroscopy from the Gemini Observatory and imaging from the HST are used to analyze a total of 43 galaxies, focusing on the 30 passive galaxies in the sample. Using the size–mass and velocity dispersion–mass relations for the passive field galaxies we find no significant evolution of sizes or velocity dispersions at a given dynamical mass between

and the present. We establish the Fundamental Plane and study mass-to-light (M/L) ratios. The M/L versus dynamical mass relation shows that the passive field galaxies follow a relation with a steeper slope than the local comparison sample, consistent with cluster galaxies in the GCP at z = 0.86. This steeper slope indicates that the formation redshift is mass dependent, in agreement with “downsizing,” meaning that the low-mass galaxies formed their stars more recently while the high-mass galaxies formed theirs at higher redshift. The zero-point differences of the scaling relations for the M/L ratios imply a formation redshift of

for the passive field galaxies. This is consistent with the

line index which implies a formation redshift of

.
Stellar Absorption Line Analysis of Local Star-forming Galaxies: The Relation between Stellar Mass, Metallicity, Dust Attenuation, and Star Formation Rate
Authors: Jabran Zahid H. , Kudritzki Rolf-Peter , Conroy Charlie , Andrews Brett , Ho I-Ting
Published: September 2017

We analyze the optical continuum of star-forming galaxies in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey by fitting stacked spectra with stellar population synthesis models to investigate the relation between stellar mass, stellar metallicity, dust attenuation, and star formation rate. We fit models calculated with star formation and chemical evolution histories that are derived empirically from multi-epoch observations of the stellar mass–star formation rate and the stellar mass–gas-phase metallicity relations, respectively. We also fit linear combinations of single-burst models with a range of metallicities and ages. Star formation and chemical evolution histories are unconstrained for these models. The stellar mass–stellar metallicity relations obtained from the two methods agree with the relation measured from individual supergiant stars in nearby galaxies. These relations are also consistent with the relation obtained from emission-line analysis of gas-phase metallicity after accounting for systematic offsets in the gas-phase metallicity. We measure dust attenuation of the stellar continuum and show that its dependence on stellar mass and star formation rate is consistent with previously reported results derived from nebular emission lines. However, stellar continuum attenuation is smaller than nebular emission line attenuation. The continuum-to-nebular attenuation ratio depends on stellar mass and is smaller in more massive galaxies. Our consistent analysis of stellar continuum and nebular emission lines paves the way for a comprehensive investigation of stellar metallicities of star-forming and quiescent galaxies.
Sortir du cadre : apprendre du milieu de la culture et du divertissement
Authors: Morin Marie-Claude
Published: September 2017

La culture, c’est du sérieux ! Rien qu’à Montréal, ce secteur génère des retombées de 7,4 milliards de dollars qui, avec les retombées indirectes, grimpent à 11 milliards, soit 6 % du PIB de la métropole. Des centaines d’entrepreneurs culturels se trouvent derrière ces chiffres. Et contrairement à la croyance populaire, ils ne sont pas moins organisés ni moins performants que les entrepreneurs qui œuvrent dans les secteurs plus traditionnels. Pleins feux sur une industrie qui réinvente ses modèles d’affaires.
QuébéComm : l’art des affaires
Authors: Lord Simon , Parent-Bédard Sylvain , Lapointe François
Published: September 2017

Rêveur, Sylvain Parent-Bédard est toutefois loin d’être un vendeur de rêve. Établie à Québec, son agence d’humour et de divertissement multiplateforme, QuébéComm, a adopté des pratiques de marketing et de gestion qui témoignent d’une grande audace. Résultat ? Elle cumule les réussites : émissions écoutées de la Finlande au Liban, festival humoristique à rayonnement mondial, spectacles diffusés dans le monde entier. En trois volets, voici l’histoire d’une drôle d’entreprise qui connaît un sérieux succès.
Quand le jeu s’invite au musée
Authors: Balloffet Pierre
Published: September 2017

Nos institutions muséales, fortes de leur vénérable héritage, ne sont pas épargnées par les mouvements qui bousculent aujourd’hui nos sociétés en matière d’omniprésence technologique et d’attentes expérientielles de leurs clientèles. Entre le renouveau culturel et le risque de disneyification, comment les musées ont-ils négocié ce virage ? Place à l’« éduvertissement », une expérience destinée à informer et à divertir les publics !
Philanthropie culturelle : quand le milieu des affaires s’engage par passion
Authors: Gril Emmanuelle
Published: September 2017

Ce n’est un secret pour personne : les arts et la culture sont le parent pauvre de la philanthropie. Selon un récent sondage 1 , on estime que ce secteur recueille seulement 5 % des dons des Québécois, comparativement à 56 % dans le domaine de la santé, 39 % pour l’enfance et la jeunesse et 2 % pour la lutte contre la pauvreté. Pourtant, le milieu des affaires se mobilise plus que jamais afin de soutenir artistes, manifestations culturelles et institutions diverses dans ce milieu. Aperçu de ce qui motive de généreuses contributions.
Mettez une communauté dans votre start-up ... dès la conception de votre projet !
Authors: Barès Franck , Cova Bernard
Published: September 2017

Une communauté qui partage une passion pour une activité ou une marque est généralement perçue comme indispensable au succès d’une nouvelle entreprise. Pourtant, générer un engouement communautaire n’est pas automatique et les modèles d’affaires ont souvent du mal à intégrer cet élément essentiel. Ainsi, trop d’entrepreneurs attendent le démarrage de l’activité pour s’intéresser à leur communauté, alors qu’il faut la cultiver au plus tôt.
Neuromarketing : notre cerveau sous influence commerciale
Authors: Jézéquel Myriam
Published: September 2017

« Trouver le bouton qui déclenche les achats chez le consommateur demeure le rêve des services de recherche en marketing », écrivent Michel Badoc et Anne-Sophie Bayle-Tourtoulou, auteurs de l’ouvrage Le Neuro-Consommateur 1 . Et si ce rêve devenait réalité grâce au neuromarketing ? Également nommé « neurosciences du consommateur », ce champ d’étude est l’exemple même de découvertes scientifiques réinvesties dans la sphère du marketing. Les deux professeurs à HEC Paris font le tour des connaissances mobilisées par cette nouvelle industrie pour agir sur le comportement du consommateur.
Environnement d’affaires : le pari gagnant des villes numériques
Authors: Titah Ryad
Published: September 2017

Quelle entreprise ne rêve pas de s’établir rapidement dans la ville où elle a jeté son dévolu pour lancer ses activités commerciales ? Quelle firme refuserait de traiter la paperasse en quelques jours, voire en quelques heures, plutôt qu’en plusieurs semaines ou en plusieurs mois ? Portées par de multiples avancées technologiques, des villes dites numériques deviennent non seulement plus attrayantes aux yeux des investisseurs, mais aussi plus efficientes d’un point de vue financier. Portrait d’un nouvel environnement d’affaires innovateur à nos portes.
L’analyse séquentielle des parcours : pour une approche longitudinale et non causale des effets des interventions sociales
Authors: Ganne Claire
Published: September 2017

L’affaiblissement des logiques catégorielles au profit d’approches plus transversales et centrées sur l’individu conduit les acteurs politiques et sociaux à s’intéresser aux parcours des personnes confrontées aux interventions sociales. L’étude des parcours ultérieurs est souvent envisagée comme un moyen d’évaluer les effets des interventions, ce qui n’est pas sans poser de nombreuses difficultés théoriques et méthodologiques. En s’appuyant sur les travaux d’Andrew Abbott, cet article propose une réflexion sur le lien entre parcours et intervention sociale. L’exemple d’une recherche doctorale sur les parcours d’enfants après la sortie d’un centre maternel illustre les apports de l’analyse séquentielle, qui permet de comprendre en quoi les pratiques des professionnels de l’intervention socioéducative sont un « ingrédient » dans les processus de construction des parcours, sans s’enfermer dans la question de l’impact de l’intervention, quasiment insoluble en raison de l’interdépendance des dimensions et de l’importance de l’aléatoire dans les processus observés.
Un radicalisé nommé Khaled Kelkal : parcours, rupture, bifurcation
Authors: Jovelin Emmanuel
Published: September 2017

L’objet de cet article est de répondre à une question essentielle : comment peut-on expliquer la radicalisation de certains jeunes dans les quartiers en difficulté ? Pour y répondre, nous avons privilégié la méthode de parcours de vie en prenant pour modèle Khaled Kelkal. L’itinéraire de ce jeune homme, ses différents parcours dans des registres différents, familial, scolaire, emploi, religieux, peuvent nous servir de modèle explicatif, sans pour autant épuiser toutes les explications possibles au processus de radicalisation.
La ley romana del talión y su base correlativa: antigüedad e innovación
Authors: García-Hernández Benjamín
Published: September 2017

La ley del talión suele entenderse como un «ojo por ojo». Sin embargo, la norma romana dista de ser tan concreta y estricta como la del texto bíblico. Sin excluir la opción de membrum pro membro, la interpretación de los testimonios latinos se inclina por penas equiparables y no iguales, materialmente, al daño causado. El análisis lingüistico de talio, derivado del indefinido talis, y de la estructura correlativa (quale scelus, talis poena) en que surge, conduce a ver en ese sustantivo femenino de acción un neologismo de referencia proporcional que favoreció la evolución hacia penas sustitutorias menos cruentas. Para comprender el espíritu de la ley del talión, es necesario tener en cuenta su letra y esta consiste, ante todo, en el indefinido talis como correlativo de qualis referido al delito.
Refugio, nido, hogar
Authors: Neutra Richard J.
Published: September 2017

Hablando sobre el tema de realizaciones sociales, los esquemas o programas de conjuntos residenciales, en los cuales he estado ocupado, han ido creciendo hasta alcanzar cifras de presupuesto colosales: treinta y cinco millones de dólares, el Elysian Park Heights; veinticinco millones, Lemoore Navy Town; catorce millones. Mountain Homes, la base aérea de Idaho... Pero ¿qué es todo esto comparado con las ciudades completas que he visitado, o para cuyo estudio, proyecto o emplazamiento he sido consultado?... Chandigarh, en la India; Thema, puerto de la Costa de Oro; Meadowlands, la ciudad africana gemela de Johannesburgo; o Brasilia, orgullo del Presidente Kubitschek, casi a 2.000 km del Palacio de Río y en el interior del país. Sin embargo, yo prefiero citar esquemas de agrupaciones más modestas, pero de gran significado, puesto que no lo es todo el tamaño.
Casa en Torrelodones, Madrid
Authors: Cubillo de Arteaga L.
Published: September 2017

El monte bajo de la parte norte de Madrid, hacia la sierra, es de una serena y agreste belleza, con alteraciones pronunciadas y conjuntos rocosos de valor ornamental extraordinario. En uno de sus rincones: Torrelodones, y encaramado en la cima de un montículo, con vistas al hermoso paisaje y a las escarpadas montañas, se ha construido una vivienda de dimensiones medias, ocupando unos 200 m2 de planta edificada.
Puentes en Indiana, (U. S. A.)
Authors: Editorial Equipo
Published: September 2017

En el trazado de la nueva autopista que atraviesa el Estado de Indiana (EE. UU.), se han tenido que construir 70 puentes. La American Bridge Division, de la United States Steel, ha tenido que preparar 25.006 toneladas de acero y laminados para todas estas estructuras.
Puente Belice, Guatemala
Authors: Stratton and Gibbs & Hil Inc. Tippetts-Abbett-Mc Carlhy-
Published: September 2017

No disponible
Puente Carquinez, California
Authors: Editorial Equipo
Published: September 2017

El puente de Carquinez, que salva el estrecho del mismo nombre en la gran bahía de San Francisco, en California (EE. UU.), constituye actualmente un conjunto de dos estructuras: una que ya existía anteriormente, y otra que, siendo del mismo género y especie, se ha construido paralelamente a la que había.
L’exposition comme médium. Quelques observations sur la cybernétisation de l’institution et de l’exposition
Authors: Hui Yuk , Mey Adeena
Published: September 2017

En se basant sur le moment critique de la cybernétisation de l’institution muséale et de l’exposition, cet article propose de revenir sur la conception de l’exposition comme médium. Il s’agit à la fois de repenser la notion de médium elle-même, en l'articulant avec à la notion de milieu (Canguilhem), et de la redéfinir de façon non-substantialiste comme modulation, à partir des travaux de Simondon et Deleuze. Ceci permet d’élaborer une généalogie de l’exposition comme médium et de retracer le moment historique de son évolution par rapport à l’infrastructure institutionnelle et informationnelle, dans les années 1960.L’exposition fait partie d’un dispositif institutionnel qui ne touche plus simplement les œuvres d’art et les spectateurs. L'idéal moderniste d’auto-réflexivité du médium va venir toucher l’agencement discursif, sémiotique et matériel qu’est l’exposition, devenue ce que Rancière nomme un « dispositif critique », notant que l’émancipation esthétique se double alors d’une revendication d’émancipation sociale25. En effet, nous trouvons d’un côté des stratégies de réflexivité vis-à-vis de l’institution, qui déploient leur charge critique à l’encontre du White cube (comme médium, il est considéré comme un vecteur idéologique, ou pire, il exerce, à travers ses qualités structurantes, une force disciplinaire sur les agents humains et non-humains qui circulent en son sein) ; de l’autre, cet éthos critique est endossé par l’institution elle-même dans la mesure où durant ce moment significatif des années 1960-1970, elle se transforme en ingérant les pratiques et postures artistiques et sociales de résistance ou de subversion à son endroit. Si ce moment signale de nouvelles démarcations et peut être analysé, dans la perspective de l'histoire de l'art, sur le mode d’une rupture, ces deux positions reposent en fin de compte sur le même socle épistémologique : l’affranchissement face au musée et sa démocratisation comme anti-illusionnisme, dévoilement. Le sujet éclairé est devenu capable d’échapper à ces vieilles lunes, et s'est équipé pour les dénoncer. Mais comme Sven-Olov Wallenstein l’a justement remarqué à propos de ce désir d'être en dehors de l’institution (artistique mais également psychiatrique) :
Gene, Genomics and Networks
Authors: Vimal Manoj
Published: September 2017

Innovations in biomedical research have the potential to transform the healthcare diagnostics. Human genomics research is another approach which provides new tools and techniques by which life science researchers hope will help in predicting susceptibility towards common diseases. In this backdrop, this paper attempts to explore at the intersection of health, technology and society by attempting to understand as how human genomics approach can help the life scientists to unravel the disease susceptibility in case of human genetic disorders. Actor-Network Theory has been deployed as a theoretical framework as it gives some agency to non-human actors along with human actors. It has been argued in this paper that non-human ‘actants' play a decisive role in case of human genomics research. Rise of human genomics has been traced since the term ‘genomics' was first coined to the present day's promise and hope generated by the advances in human genomics. Some misconceptions and clarifications regarding ANT have also been discussed in this paper.
Local Community Attitude and Support Towards Tourism Development at Saint Martin Island, Bangladesh
Authors: Hai Md. Abdul , Alamgir Md. Badsha
Published: September 2017

Tourism development, a double-edged sword for local communities, is the influenced by attitude of the residents. Favorable attitudes of local community escalate tourists' satisfaction levels. The study focuses on local community attitude and support towards tourism development of Saint Martin Island in Bangladesh. Using judgmental sampling procedure, a sample of 175 local residents was surveyed through a self-administered questionnaire and data were analyzed with descriptive statistics and ANOVA. The findings of the study indicate that the Saint Martin Island-community supports future tourism development based on the personal benefit they receive. ANOVA analysis shows significant differences among the local community attitude and support to the tourism development based on profession, age, education, and family income. The study may ensure the commercial, socio-cultural, physiological, political and economic development of the community that enhance sustainability for the industry and it may also help the government to shape future tourism development for the island.
Precise Diameter Measurement of a Microsphere Based on Polarization Analysis of Whispering Gallery Mode Resonance
Authors: Michihata Masaki , Kawasaki Akifumi , Takaya Yasuhiro
Published: September 2017

Whispering gallery mode (WGM) resonance is used for the diameter measuring method of a microsphere smaller than φ 1 mm. It is aimed to achieve measurement accuracy better than 10 nm. There are two electromagnetic modes for WGMs, and then mis-detection of the electromagnetic mode expands measurement errors more than 100 nm, so it is indispensably to distinguish the electromagnetic mode. As theoretical simulation implies, polarization mode of WGMs can be selectively excited by controlling polarization of the incident light in optical coupling. Based on the analysis, it was proofed experimentally that the polarization of WGMs could be classified. As a result, the diameter measurement for a microsphere was performed with measurement error of ± 1 nm.
Study on the Frequency Compensation of the Dynamic Unbalance Signal Extraction for General Hard Bearing Dynamic Balancing Machine
Authors: Qin Ru , Cai Ping , Zhao Ding Ding , Gao Yi
Published: September 2017

When a dynamic balancing measuring system is equipped with velocity sensor as its vibration pick-up, the output signal of the sensor is proportional to the third power of rotating speed of the balancing operation. Generally a third order low-pass filter circuit is often used to eliminate the influence of rotating speed and suppress the high frequency interference as well. However, the frequency response of third order low-pass filter circuit can’t compensate completely for the response characteristic of the vibration system of balancing machine, which then causes measuring error. So, as a general purpose hard bearing dynamic balancing machine being suitable for a wide speed range, frequency compensation must be conducted. The approach of frequency compensation is classified into two broad types: hardware and software compensation. This paper conducts further research on these two methods to improve the accuracy of the measuring system and proves the accuracy and effectiveness of the two methods by signal simulation and field experiments.