bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
“Here and There One Seed Sprouts, and Then It Seems We Have Done Something”: Nurturing Creativity in Elementary Schools
Authors:   Institute of Slovenian Ethnology ZRC SAZU, Slovenia, Poljak Istenič Saša ,   University of Maribor, Slovenia
Published: July 2023

The Lisbon Strategy and other documents of the European Union advocating for a knowledge-based society have provided the ground for restructuring schools and changing pedagogical approaches to teaching and learning, focusing on creativity and entrepreneurship. One of the approaches increasingly popular in Slovenia has been Edward de Bono’s methodology. The article analyses the benefits, controversies, and potentials of de Bono’s “lateral thinking” methods for increasing creativity when introduced to children in elementary school courses and extracurricular activities. Based on the qualitative study, it explores how this “pragmatic” approach to creativity is realised in Slovenian elementary schools, and reflects on teaching creativity in schools as a systemic approach.
Narrating Ethnicity in Oral History Interviews: Life Stories of People Resettled from Estonia to Germany in 1941
Authors: Tark Triin
Published: July 2023

This article demonstrates the possibilities of using oral history sources in the study of ethnicity. Interviews conducted with people who resettled from Estonia to Germany in 1941 were analysed for this purpose. It was asked why some interviewees are remarkably vague in their ethnicity narratives while some others present highly firm statements. The analysis that relies on the Communication Theory of Identity shows that interviewees’ pre-war ethnic, cultural and linguistic background was relatively insignificant. Instead, the most important distinguishing factor was involvement in the Baltic German or exile Estonian communities after World War II; the former was rather related to vagueness and the latter rather to firmness. Thus, it depended mainly on this factor what were the narrating strategies the interviewees made use of to present themselves in a desired way during the interview. In addition, the expressions, both vague and firm, were related to the widespread understanding of the primordial nature of ethnicity to which the interviewees tried to fit their own, often inconsistent, ethnic background and life stories. The results suggest that to understand the appearance of ethnicity in oral history interviews, the patterns of how ethnicity is narrated would be useful to trace and common perceptions on ethnic identity should be considered.
Morphological and molecular analysis of the tropical hermit crabCalcinus vachoni(Decapoda, Diogenidae) and its potential association with colonial anemone
Authors: Jung Jibom , Park Joong-Ki
Published: July 2023

Calcinusis the colorful hermit crab genus belonging to the family Diogenidae and is often found in coral reefs of the tropical Indo-West Pacific region, including southern Honshu, Japan, which is the northern limit of their occurrence. In the present study, we foundC. vachonifor the first time in the intertidal zone of Jeju Island—the southernmost island of South Korea. We examined their morphology and provided a diagnosis of their morphological details with illustrations. In addition, the KoreanCalcinuspopulation was genetically characterized using mtDNAcox1sequences and by placing them into three previously reported regional haplogroups. The phylogenetic tree from maximum likelihood analysis revealed that KoreanC. vachoniis assigned to theC. vachonihaplogroups exclusively, one of the three well-supported mitochondrial haplogroups with distinct geographic ranges (i.e.,C.vachoni,C. aff.vachoniCooks, andC. aff.vachoniMascarenes). This result provides new information on the species distribution ofC.vachoni, extending their geographic range further north into the southern coast of Korea. In this study, we also first report the potential association ofC. vachoniwith their co-occurring colonial anemone speciesPalythoaaff.mutukiand dead coral head ofPocilloporaspecies based on our on-site observation and a public coral collection database ofCalcinusspecies. However, their ecological association with co-occurring coral species is putatively assumed for now and therefore has to be validated by compelling evidence from further field observation and experimental studies (i.e., whether the presence/absence of colonial anemones affects the behavior and survival of the hermit crabs).
LIBERTAD DE EXPRESIÓN Y LA FORMACIÓN DE LA OPINIÓN POLÍTICA EN HANNAH ARENDT: REFLEXIONES SOBRE EL ROL DE LA PRENSA EN LA ERA DE LA POSVERDAD
Authors:   Universidad Estatal de São Paulo Júlio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP)., Souza da Silva Kelly Janaina
Published: July 2023

Este trabajo busca destacar que el reconocimiento de la verdad factual en la veracidad de una opinión política es fundamental, si no indispensable, según propugna Arendt en su libro Verdad y Política. Intentamos enfatizar que la libertad de expresión y la formación de opinión están directamente relacionadas; y que, por la propia libertad de expresión, Arendt destaca el rol y la función política de la prensa. De esta forma, los principales puntos aquí planteados atenderán al orden de elaborar la relación entre la libertad de expresión y la formación de opinión, interrelacionando estas dos cuestiones con el rol determinante de la prensa en la era de la posverdad.
DEL FIN AL COMPLOT DEL ARTE. HEGEL Y BAUDRILLARD
Authors:   Universidad de Chile, Libretti Ignacio
Published: July 2023

En el presente artículo intentamos responder la pregunta sobre el estado de la práctica artística desde la segunda posguerra mundial en adelante, analizando la hipótesis del complot del arte según Jean Baudrillard, expresión estética de la simulación en los términos del propio sociólogo francés. Para hacerlo, nos remontamos hasta la filosofía del arte que propone G.W.F. Hegel, particularmente su hipótesis sobre el fin del arte, a través de la cual periodizamos el desarrollo de la disciplina desde su inmediatez griega hasta su mediación moderna. A tono con lo anterior, proponemos la siguiente hipótesis: el complot del arte es la subjetivación del fin del arte en la era de la simulación. Con ella, pretendemos viabilizar un diagnóstico sobre el estado contemporáneo de la práctica artística exento de reducciones valóricas o historicistas.
GESTUS. EL LUGAR DEL GESTO EN EL PENSAMIENTO FILOSÓFICO CONTEMPORÁNEO
Authors:   Universidad Diego Portales, Chile, Ried Nicolás
Published: July 2023

Los gestos son un tipo de acción caracterizados como menores, por considerárselos como carentes de intención y finalidad. Movimientos de ligera significación, que se diferencian de otros tipos de acciones, como las que constituyen un hacer (acción que sirve como medio para otra que sirve como fin) o un acto (acción que conforma un fin en sí). Diferentes de aquello, los gestos son un medio sin fin: exhiben su condición de medio puro, de acción que sirve como medio para ningún fin determinado. Así entendidos, los gestos han sido dejados de lado por las teorías de la acción que sirven como fundamento para teorías de la subjetividad, del derecho y de la sociedad. Sin embargo, en el debate filosófico contemporáneo los gestos han cobrado relevancia en la medida en que muestran un punto de partida para pensar una crítica de la teleología, que estaría en el fundamento del pensamiento occidental. En esta investigación se presentarán las principales lecturas sobre el gesto en el panorama de la discusión filosófica contemporánea, destacando las operaciones filosóficas con las que puede ser caracterizado y articulando de este modo una nueva lectura de la relación entre estética y política.
O empreendedorismo rural sustentável e a agricultura familiar: uma análise temática da literatura
Authors: De Magalhães Marcos Ferreira , Bezerra Claudia Maria da Silva , Ramos Heidy Rodriguez
Published: July 2023

Este estudo teve como objetivo investigar como o empreendedorismo rural e a agricultura familiar contribuem para a sustentabilidade, visando identificar lacunas de pesquisa relacionadas ao empreendedorismo rural sustentável e à agricultura familiar e propor uma agenda para pesquisas futuras. Uma pesquisa qualitativa com abordagem exploratória e descritiva foi realizada por meio de uma revisão sistemática da literatura (RSL) que analisou 59 artigos publicados entre 2015 e 2022 nas bases de dados Web of Science e Scopus. Foi possível identificar que os estudos analisados tiveram um crescimento no número de publicações a partir de 2018 com pico em 2020. A maior parte das publicações provêm da América Latina (39%), com destaque para o Brasil com 35% das publicações e para Europa com 17% das publicações. A maior parte das pesquisas foram empíricas (71%) e os demais estudos (29%) foram teóricos. A análise de conteúdo foi apoiada pelos softwares Rayyan e Atlas ti, resultando em onze categorias temáticas, tais como, agricultura multifuncional, agroturismo, educação empreendedora, empreendedorismo feminino, empreendedorismo rural sustentável, gestão ambiental, inovação, modelo tradicional de produção, produção alimentar, sustentabilidade e outros temas. Esse estudo contribuiu para o avanço da pesquisa acadêmica em empreendedorismo rural sustentável e na participação da agricultura familiar na sustentabilidade, com a perspectiva de uma agricultura mais sustentável e menos impactante, preservando o meio ambiente e garantindo a segurança alimentar das gerações presentes e futuras.
Solving The Hyperbolic Telegraph Equation Using a Modified Adomian Decomposition Method with an Invertible Partial Differential Operator
Authors: Alomari Saleem Nasser , Hasan Yahya Qaid
Published: July 2023

In this paper, a modified Adomian decomposition method (MADM) for solving the hyperbolic telegraph equation is proposed. The MADM introduces a new inverse partial differential operator that can speed up the convergence rate of the standard ADM. We also present a technique for converting the equation to a special case form, which makes the MADM easier to implement. The proposed method was tested on six different linear and nonlinear telegraph equations in one and two dimensions. The results show that the method is accurate and efficient for solving the telegraph equation.
Spartial Analysis of Groundwater Using Geographic Information System (GIS) and Water Quality Index (WQI) in Yenagoa Local Government Area Bayelsa State, Nigeria
Authors: Nicholas Digha, Opaminola
Published: July 2023

The purpose of the study is to examine the spartial analysis of groundwater using geographic information system and water quality index (WQI) in the study area. Fifty (50) water samples were collected and analysed in accordance to APHA, 2012. The data-set were further analysed using water quality index (WQI) and geographic information system (GIS). The results of the indicate that Igbogene 1, Yenagwe 1 & 2, Akenfa 1, Ekeki 1, Yenizue-Epie 1, Swali 1, Igbogene 2, Akenfa 2, Agudama 1 & 2, Etegwe 2, Opolo 1 & 2,Yenizuepie 2, Swali 2, Akaba 2, Ogu 2, Akaibiri 2, Gbarantoru3 & 5, Ogbuna 1, 3 & 4, Okolobiri 1, 2, & 5 and Tombia 2 & 4, water quality index shows that the quality ranges from poor to very poor. While the samples, Yenigwe 1, Biogbolo 1, Kpansia 1 & 1, Amarata 1, Ogbogoro 1, Ogu 1, Akaba 1,Okutukutu 1, Kpansia3, Amarata 2, Ogbogoro 2,Akaibiri 1, Gbarabtoru 1, 2 & 4, Ogbuna 2, Okolobiri 3 & 4 and lastly, Tombia 1 & 3 all ranges from good, very good to excellent water quality. However, the study shows a very                     high spartial variation in water quality. Therefore, groundwater should be regularly monitored and treated.
Assessing Meteorological and Anthropogenic Factors on Streamflow Trends in the Ramganga River Basin in North India
Authors: Kumar Mukesh , Khanna Manoj , Patle G. T. , Kataria Neetu , Sen Rekha
Published: July 2023

The analysis of stream flow trends of hydro-climatic variables such as stream flow, rainfall, and temperature provides useful information for effective water resource planning, design, and management. Trends in observed stream flow at seven gauging stations in the Ramganga river basin of North India were examined from 1981 to 2012 using the Mann-Kendall and Sen's slope. Lag 1 autocorrelation analyses were used to investigate the relationships between trends in stream flow and rainfall. Annual, monsoonal, and winter seasonal stream flow (p0.05) decreased gradually from upstream to downstream of the river, as did crop seasonal and decadal moving averaged standardized anomalies of streamflow for the entire basin. The streamflow's declining trend was partly attributed to higher water withdrawal, higher air temperature, and higher population, and partly to a significantly declining post-monsoon rainfall trend, particularly upstream and downstream. The changing monsoon rainfall pattern and the growing population both contributed significantly to the development of this trend.  The significant decreasing trend in stream flow at the upstream gauging station (-0.39 m3/s/year) was attributed to the significant decreasing trend in catchment rainfall (-8.40 mm/year). This study shows a strong positive correlation between stream flow and catchment rainfall (r=0.60). The Ramganga River basin is showing signs of drying up, as evidenced by the declining stream flow, post-monsoon rainfall, especially in the downstream area, and concurrently rising temperature trends. The Ramganga River basin's sustainable water management planning will be aided and made possible by the study's findings and recommendations, which will help stakeholders design strategies for stream flow restoration. This study thus highlights the urgent need for comprehensive water management planning in this basin by implementing procedures at various spatial scales that may be able to halt the trend of drying by improving river water use efficiency in a variety of sectors.
Analysis the Effect of Different Levels of Inorganic and Bio Fertilizers on Physico - Chemical Properties of Soil in Mung Bean
Authors: Saini Ramesh Kumar , Bharose Ram , Thomas Tarence , Kumar Harsh , Singh Amit Raj
Published: July 2023

The research conducted at the Soil Science Research Farm of Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj, U. P. during the Summer season (May to July 2022). The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with nine treatment and three replications with three levels of inorganic fertilizer (0, 50 and 100% NPK), and three level of biofertilizer (0, 50 and 100% Rhizobium and Azotobacter) that leads to the non-significant findings i. e. bulk density, particle density, pH and EC and remaining% pore space, WHC, OC, and NPK were found significantly low to medium range, which comprises yellowish brown colour, sandy loam textured soil and neutral to alkaline soil that is non- saline in nature among all the nine treatments combination applied in treatment T9 [NPK @ 100% + Rhizobium @ 100% + Azotobacter @ 100%] has shown the best results in improving the soil nutritional status that leads to increased  crop yield and also increased morphological parameters as compare with in treatment T1 [NPK @ 0% + Rhizobium @ 0% + Azotobacter @ 0%] Application of inorganic and biofertilizer increased improved physical and chemical properties of soil.
The Degree of Stability of Rubber Stands (Hevea brasiliensis) in the Timber Estate Area of PT. Sylvaduta District Kembang Janggut, Kutai Kartanegara District East Kalimantan Province
Authors: Oktofian Wahyu Eka , Biantary Maya Preva , Yahya Zuhdi , Kamarubayana Legowo , Tirkaamina M. Taufan , Ramayana Samad A
Published: July 2023

The development of Timber Estate (HTI) is one of the efforts to improve the welfare of the community's interests by considering the balance of the ecosystem. The development of rubber timber estate is expected to be a solution to the problems that hinder the current performance of HTI development, especially the problem of overlapping land tenure and the realization of planting. This is to maintain the fulfillment of the balance of environmental benefits, socio-cultural benefits, and economic benefits. The study's aims were: (1) to determine the percentage of the crown, total and branch-free height; and (2) to determine the stability value of rubber stands in the area of ​​P.T. Sylvaduta Corporation Timber Estate.  This research was conducted from April to May 2023 at P.T. Sylvaduta Corporation in Kembang Janggut District, Kutai Kartanegara Regency, East Kalimantan Province. namely in block A1 plot 1 to represent block A , Block E1 tile 3 to represent block E1 and lastly Block G3 tile 5 to represent block G3. A sampling of rubber plants in the area of ​​P.T. Sylvaduta Corporation used a purposive sampling of 150 plants.  Data Collection: (1) primary data: Diameter at Chest Height, Tree Height, and Crown length. And (2)secondary data include the following: (1) plant spacing; (2) the year of planting or the age of the plant, and (3) the general condition of the planting site was obtained from direct observations in the field and company documents. The research results show that : (1) the value of the degree of stability and percentage of the rubber plant canopy, namely 51.16% and 64.54%, is in the stable category; and (2) the use of a 3 x 6 m spacing using IRR 118 and PB260 clones had an average diameter at breast height of 20.9 cm, a total height of 10.62 m, a branch-free height of 3.81 m and a crown length of 6.82 m.
Pembuatan Lengan Robot Dengan Sistem Pemrograman Menggunakan Gesture Control
Authors: Cokro Hans Prasetya , Pasila Felix , Santoso Petrus
Published: July 2023

Saat ini dibutuhkan peran otomasi dalam setiap industri. Beberapa permasalahan disebabkan karena peningkatan Upah Minimum Regional, dan susahnya melakukan kontrol terhadap para pekerja. Lengan robot ini akan mempermudah proses pemrograman robot industri agar robot industri dapat diterima di berbagai perusahaan di Indonesia. Lengan robot ini menggunakan mekanik sling dan memiliki kemampuan hanya untuk proses pick and place, dengan kapasitas 4 axis, dan metode pengajaran melalui kinesthetic teaching dengan gesture control. Lengan robot memanfaatkan myo armband serta sensor electromyograph untuk membaca gerakan lengan operator.
Pembuatan Sistem Home Automation Berbasiskan Internet of Things
Authors: Limanta Geraldi Merkusi , Lim Resmana , Khoswanto Handry
Published: July 2023

Perancangan sistem home automation ini dilakukan untuk membuat sebuah sistem yang dapat dikendalikan secara otomatis maupun manual. Sistem yang dibuat ini mengendalikan lampu LED, horizontal blind, dan AC. Pembuatan sistem smart home ini menggunakan microcontroller Raspberry Pi 3 model B. Proses pengiriman data dan kontrol menggunakan protokol internet. Sistem ini menggunakan ubidots cloud. Ubidots cloud bertugas untuk menyimpan data dan sekaligus sebagai panel kontrol untuk melakukan kendali sistem smart home. Sistem yang dibuat selain dapat dikendalikan dari jarak jauh juga dapat dikendalikan secara langsung di tempat. Pengendalian secara langsung di tempat dilakukan dengan menggunakan tombol. Teknik pengendalian lampu menggunakan PWM, pengaturan buka tutup dari blind menggunakan motor stepper, dan kontrol AC menggunakan LED Infrared. Hasilnya, proses otomatis dan manual dapat berjalan dengan baik. Proses kontrol menggunakan cloud ubidots juga berhasil. Proses pengambilan data dari cloud ubidots membutuhkan waktu kurang dari 1 detik. Sedangkan proses pengiriman data membutuhkan waktu paling lama 5 detik.
Perancangan dan Pembuatan Sistem Kontrol Lampu dengan Pengaturan Tema Tata Cahaya Berbasis Arduino
Authors: Swastiko Antonius Dhani , Tumbelaka Hanny Hosiana , Khoswanto Handry
Published: July 2023

Perkembangan desain tata lampu dalam desain interior yang beragam dan pesat membutuhkan dukungan perangkat elektronika yang memadai. Penggunaan cara lama dalam pengontrolan lampu sudah mulai ditinggalkan, dan berganti ke cara yang lebih modern. Tugas akhir ini bertujuan untuk mengimplementasikan teknologi di dalam dunia desain interior, agar dapat mengontrol intensitas cahaya dan suasana ruang dengan lebih mudah dan cepat serta fleksibel. Metode yang digunakan adalah phase cutting, charlieplexing, rangkaian pembagi tegangan, arduino, dan disimpan EEPROM. Fungsi utama dari mengontrol intensitas cahaya per grup lampu, serta menyimpan dan memanggil skenario. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian, didapatkan deteksi zero-crossing yang sesuai, rangkaian dimmer dengan persamaan y = 57,09 + 1,75x, rangkaian tombol dengan prinsip rangkaian pembagi tegangan, dan penyimpanan yang tepat pada EEPROM.
Vegetarian Dietary Patterns and Cardiometabolic Risk in People With or at High Risk of Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Wang Tian , Kroeger Cynthia M. , Cassidy Sophie , Mitra Sayan , Ribeiro Rosilene V. , Jose Shane , Masedunskas Andrius , Senior Alistair M. , Fontana Luigi
Published: July 2023

IMPORTANCE

Plant-based diets are known to improve cardiometabolic risk in the general population, but their effects on people at high risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain inconclusive.

OBJECTIVE

To assess the association of vegetarian diets with major cardiometabolic risk factors, including low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), systolic blood pressure (SBP), and body weight in people with or at high risk of CVDs.

DATA SOURCES

This meta-analysis was registered before the study was conducted. Systematic searches performed included Embase, MEDLINE, CINAHL, and CENTRAL from inception until July 31, 2021.

STUDY SELECTION

Eligible randomized clinical trials (RCTs) that delivered vegetarian diets in adults with or at high risk of CVDs and measured LDL-C, HbA1c or SBP were included. Of the 7871 records screened, 29 (0.4%; 20 studies) met inclusion criteria.

DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS

Two reviewers independently extracted data including demographics, study design, sample size, and diet description, and performed risk of bias assessment. A random-effects model was used to assess mean changes in LDL-C, HbA1c, SBP, and body weight. The overall certainty of evidence was evaluated using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) tool.

MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES

Mean differences between groups in changes (preintervention vs postintervention) of LDL-C, HbA1c, and SBP; secondary outcomes were changes in body weight and energy intake.

RESULTS

Twenty RCTs involving 1878 participants (range of mean age, 28-64 years) were included, and mean duration of intervention was 25.4 weeks (range, 2 to 24 months). Four studies targeted people with CVDs, 7 focused on diabetes, and 9 included people with at least 2 CVD risk factors. Overall, relative to all comparison diets, meta-analyses showed that consuming vegetarian diets for an average of 6 months was associated with decreased LDL-C, HbA1c, and body weight by 6.6 mg/dL (95% CI, −10.1 to −3.1), 0.24% (95% CI, −0.40 to −0.07), and 3.4 kg (95% CI, −4.9 to −2.0), respectively, but the association with SBP was not significant (−0.1 mm Hg; 95% CI, −2.8 to 2.6). The GRADE assessment showed a moderate level of evidence for LDL-C and HbA1c reduction.

CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE

In this study, consuming a vegetarian diet was associated with significant improvements in LDL-C, HbA1c and body weight beyond standard therapy in individuals at high risk of CVDs. Additional high-quality trials are warranted to further elucidate the effects of healthy plant-based diets in people with CVDs.
Anatomical changes in the male pelvis between the supine and upright positions—A feasibility study for prostate treatments in the upright position
Authors: Schreuder Andries (Niek) , Hsi Wen‐Chien , Greenhalgh John , Kissick Michael , Lis Michelle , Underwood Tracy S. A. , Freeman Harry , Bauer Michael , Towe Stephen , Mackie Rockwell
Published: July 2023

Treating and imaging patients in the upright orientation is gaining acceptance in radiation oncology and radiology and has distinct advantages over the recumbent position. An IRB approved study to investigate the positions and orientations of the male pelvic organs between the supine and upright positions was conducted. The study comprised of scanning 15 male volunteers (aged 55–75 years) on a 0.6 T Fonar MRI scanner in the supine and upright positions with a full bladder and in the upright position with an empty bladder.

The Pelvic study revealed that in the upright position the

1. Position and shape of the prostate are not impacted significantly by bladder fill.

2. Distance between the sacrum and the anterior bladder wall is significantly smaller.

3. Anterior‐Posterior length and the bladder width is significantly larger.

4. Seminal vesicles are pushed down by the bladder.

5. Top of the penile bulb is further away from the apex of the prostate.

These observed differences could positively impact upright prostate treatments by

1. Reducing the risk of small bowel approximating the treatment volume.

2. Prostate treatments can be done with a reduced focus on bladder fill.

3. Radiation beams for treating intermediate risk prostrate can be made smaller or a larger portion of the seminal vesicles can be treated with the same beam size than typically used for supine treatments.

4. Reducing the average dose to the penile bulb.
Let teachers decide: The effects of matching and mismatching students' online lecture preference with lecture participation
Authors: Ladwig Adam , Berg‐Poppe Patti , Ikiugu Moses , Ness Brandon M.
Published: July 2023

Efforts to tailor instruction to match students' purported learning style continue to be used in higher education despite evidence challenging their value. Students were matched and mismatched to their self‐reported online learning preference to investigate the impact on academic outcomes. A total of 114 graduate health students were randomly assigned to an online lecture either matching or mismatching their previously reported preference (synchronous or asynchronous lecture participation). All students took the same multiple‐choice examination following the lecture. Independent t‐test analysis revealed no significant differences between students who were matched and mismatched to their participation preference. Asynchronous groups achieved significantly higher scores than synchronous groups. Analysis via two‐way ANOVA revealed no significant interaction between method of participation and compatibility with learning preference on examination scores. Based on the results of this study, method of participation impacted examination performance; however, matching or mismatching to students' stated learning preference did not impact performance.
Global Functioning in Axial Spondyloarthritis is Stronger Associated With Disease Activity and Function Than With Mobility and Radiographic Damage
Authors: Kiefer David , Braun Jürgen , Kiltz Uta , Chatzistefanidi Varvara , Adolf Daniela , Schwarze Ilka , Kabelitz Maria , Lange Uwe , Brandt‐Jürgens Jan , Stemmler Edgar , Sartingen Sabine , Baraliakos Xenofon
Published: July 2023

Objective

The Assessment of Spondyloarthritis International Society Health Index (ASAS HI) is a validated patient‐reported outcome (PRO) for global functioning of patients with axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA). The Epionics SPINE (ES) is an electronic device for assessment of axial mobility that provides an objective measure of spinal mobility by assessing range of motion (RoM) and range of kinematics (RoK). The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between global functioning and clinical measures of disease activity, physical function, spinal mobility, and radiographic damage.

Methods

In a cross‐sectional study design, consecutive patients with radiographic and nonradiographic axSpA were included, and the following established tools were assessed: Bath ankylosing spondylitis (AS) disease activity index (BASDAI), Bath AS functional index (BASFI), Bath AS metrology index (BASMI), ASAS HI, and RoM and RoK using ES. Structural damage of spine and sacroiliac joints (SIJ) were assessed by counting the number of syndesmophytes and by New York grading of sacroiliitis. Kendall's tau correlation coefficients were calculated.

Results

In 103 patients with axSpA, ASAS HI scores correlated significantly with PRO scores (BASDAI, r = 0.36; BASFI, r = 0.48; and back pain, r = 0.41; all P < 0.001). In contrast, no significant correlation between ASAS HI and RoM and RoK (r between −0.08 and 0.09) and radiographic damage in SIJ and spine (all r between 0.03 and 0.004) were seen, respectively. BASMI scores correlated weakly (r = 0.14; P = 0.05).

Conclusion

This study shows that axSpA disease‐specific PROs have an impact on global functioning, whereas spinal mobility scores, even if objectively assessed by the ES, have limited impact on patient reported–global functioning. The results also suggest that global functioning is, in this cohort, not much dependent on the degree of structural damage in the axial skeleton.
Short‐term electricity load forecasting based on improved sparrow search algorithm with optimized BiLSTM
Authors: Yang Ming , Zhang Yiming , Ai Yuan
Published: July 2023

Short‐term electricity load forecasts (STELF) is an essential part of power system and operation, capable of balancing electricity demand and is vital to the safety and efficient operation of the power system. The research improves the Long short‐term memory (LSTM), combines it with Bidirectional recurrent neural network (BIRNN), and obtains the improved Bidirectional Long Short‐Term Memory Network (BiLSTM) forecasting model. The Sparse Search Algorithm (SSA) can provide a new solution to more difficult global optimization problems and has been improved due to the shortcomings of the search and detection mechanisms. and a simplex mechanism is introduced to obtain an improved Search Mechanism Sparse Search Algorithm (SMSSA) optimized pathfinding algorithm. And constructs the SMSSA‐based optimized BiLSTM for STELF model. By choosing actual data, the model's prediction behavior is confirmed. The results showed that, in descending order, BiLSTM, LSTM, and Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) had the best fitting effects between the predicted and actual values. BiLSTM also had the highest prediction accuracy, with error values of 95.7059 for Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), 79.1575 for Mean Absolute Error (MAE), and 2.1260% for Mean Absolute Percent Error (MAPE). After SMSSA optimized the parameters, SMSSA‐BiLSTM had the best fit and had errors that were much lower than those of the other two models. According to the three error judgment metrics of RMSE, MAE, and MAPE, the errors were 82.6298, 71.9029, and 2.0952%, respectively. This showed that SMSSA‐BiLSTM performed well in short‐term power load forecasting, offering security for the power system's safe operation.
Curbing Exosome Communications via Introducing Artificial Membrane Receptors for Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer Therapy
Authors: Deng Miao , Guo Rong , Wang Yang , Li Jia‐Xin , He Jiao , Li Man , He Qin
Published: July 2023

Tumor‐derived exosomes (TDEs) carry various biomolecular cargos and play crucial roles in metastasis. TDEs migrate to distal organs for intercellular communication and induce the formation of pre‐metastatic niches (PMNs) to support tumor implantation and proliferation. Precise interference in the bioprocess of TDEs is expected to be efficacious for suppressing tumor metastasis. However, targeting both TDEs and the primary tumor is challenging. Here, based on metabolic glycoengineering and bio‐orthogonal click chemistry, a two‐step delivery strategy is designed to overcome this. During the first step, the tetraacetylated N‐azidoacetyl‐d‐mannosamine‐loaded nanoparticle responds to the metabolic activity of tumor cells in the primary tumor, tagging both tumor cells and TDEs with azide groups; dibenzyl‐cyclootyne‐modified nanoparticles then can, as the second step, specifically react with tumor cells and TDEs through a bio‐orthogonal click reaction. This strategy not only inhibits tumor growth in pancreatic cancer models but also curbs the communicative role of TDEs in inducing liver PMNs and metastasis by tracking and downregulating the exosomal macrophage migration inhibitory factor.
Intrinsic Ferromagnetic Semiconductors with High Saturation Magnetization from Hybrid Perovskites
Authors: Sun Bing , Yan Ze , Cao Yang , Ding Shuaishuai , Li Rongjin , Ma Bo , Li Xiang‐Yang , Yang Huan , Yin Wei , Zhang Yamin , Wang Qiang , Shao Xiangfeng , Yang Dezheng , Xue Desheng , Zhang Hao‐Li
Published: July 2023

Ferromagnetic semiconductors (FMS) enable simultaneous control of both charge and spin transport of charge carriers, and they have emerged as a class of highly desirable but rare materials for applications in spin field‐effect transistors and quantum computing. Organic–inorganic hybrid perovskites with high compositional adjustability and structural versatility can offer unique benefits in the design of FMS but has not been fully explored. Here, a series of molecular FMSs based on the 2D organic–inorganic hybrid perovskite structure, namely (2ampy)CuCl4, (3ampy)CuCl4, and (4ampy)CuCl4, is demonstrated, which exhibits high saturation magnetization, dramatic temperature‐dependent conductivity change, and tunable ferromagnetic resonance. Magnetic measurements reveal a high saturation magnetization up to 18.56 emu g−1 for (4ampy)CuCl4, which is one of the highest value among reported hybrid FMSs to date. Conductivity studies of the three FMSs demonstrate that the smaller adjacent octahedron distance in the 2D layer results in higher conductivity. Systematic ferromagnetic resonance investigation shows that the gyromagnetic ratio and Landau factor values are strongly dependent on the types of organic cations used. This work demonstrates that 2D hybrid perovskite materials can simultaneously possess both tunable long‐range ferromagnetic ordering and semiconductivity, providing a straightforward strategy for designing and synthesizing high‐performance intrinsic FMSs.
Intelligent Biomaterialomics: Molecular Design, Manufacturing, and Biomedical Applications
Authors: Yi Yu , An Hong‐Wei , Wang Hao
Published: July 2023

Materialomics integrates experiment, theory, and computation in a high‐throughput manner, and has changed the paradigm for the research and development of new functional materials. Recently, with the rapid development of high‐throughput characterization and machine‐learning technologies, the establishment of biomaterialomics that tackles complex physiological behaviors has become accessible. Breakthroughs in the clinical translation of nanoparticle‐based therapeutics and vaccines have been observed. Herein, recent advances in biomaterials, including polymers, lipid‐like materials, and peptides/proteins, discovered through high‐throughput screening or machine learning‐assisted methods, are summarized. The molecular design of structure‐diversified libraries; high‐throughput characterization, screening, and preparation; and, their applications in drug delivery and clinical translation are discussed in detail. Furthermore, the prospects and main challenges in future biomaterialomics and high‐throughput screening development are highlighted.
Permeability of Single‐Layer‐Free‐Standing Meshes at Varying Capillary Pressure via a Novel Method
Authors: Shattique Muhammad R. , Giglio Roman , Dede Ercan M. , Narumanchi Sreekant , Asheghi Mehdi , Goodson Kenneth E. , Palko James W.
Published: July 2023

The permeability of mesh wicks is important for various applications, including two‐phase heat transfer. However, the understanding of the permeability of single‐layer, free‐standing mesh wicks, with liquid–gas interfaces on both sides, is limited. A novel and simpler method is presented to determine the permeability of a free‐standing wick and apply it to a representative mesh. This method involves modifying the capillary pressure via elevation and simultaneously measuring the permeability to determine the permeability‐capillary pressure relationship. When applied to a copper mesh with plain weave having undergone surface cleaning, the permeability is found to decrease as capillary pressure for deionized water increases. A dimensional analysis is presented to generalize this data for other mesh sizes with similar weaves and fluids. The behavior of mesh in application is modeled, based on the integration of Darcy's law with an analytic function fit to measured data, and parametric studies are conducted to investigate the superficial velocity of liquids through the mesh under varying driving pressures, transport lengths, and liquid viscosity, based on the obtained capillary pressure–permeability relationship. This study provides valuable insights into the transport properties of mesh wicks, with potential applications in fields such as electronics cooling, electrochemical devices, and fluid purification technologies.
Targeting Squalene Epoxidase Confers Metabolic Vulnerability and Overcomes Chemoresistance in HNSCC
Authors: Zhao Xinyuan , Guo Bing , Sun Wenjuan , Yu Jinhua , Cui Li
Published: July 2023

Cisplatin resistance poses a substantial hurdle in effectively treating head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Utilizing multiple tumor models and examining an internal HNSCC cohort, squalene epoxidase (SQLE) is pinpointed as a key driver of chemoresistance and tumorigenesis, operating through a cholesterol‐dependent pathway. Comprehensive transcriptomic analysis reveals that SQLE is essential for maintaining c‐Myc transcriptional activity by stabilizing the c‐Myc protein and averting its ubiquitin‐mediated degradation. Mechanistic investigation demonstrates that SQLE inhibition diminishes Akt's binding affinity to lipid rafts via a cholesterol‐dependent process, subsequently deactivating lipid raft‐localized Akt, reducing GSK‐3β phosphorylation at S9, and increasing c‐Myc phosphorylation at T58, ultimately leading to c‐Myc destabilization. Importantly, employing an Sqle conditional knockout mouse model, SQLE's critical role in HNSCC initiation and progression is established. The preclinical findings demonstrate the potent synergistic effects of combining terbinafine and cisplatin in arresting tumor growth. These discoveries not only provide novel insights into the underlying mechanisms of SQLE‐mediated cisplatin resistance and tumorigenesis in HNSCC but also propose a promising therapeutic avenue for HNSCC patients unresponsive to conventional cisplatin‐based chemotherapy.
Factors associated with injury among Maine logging workers
Authors: Scott Erika , Luschen Kevin , Hansen‐Ruiz Cristina , Krupa Nicole , Hirabayashi Liane , Graham Judy , Jensen Nora , Jenkins Paul
Published: July 2023

Introduction

Despite dramatic improvements in safety, logging remains one of the most dangerous industries in the United States. The purpose of this study was to explore longitudinal injury trends among Maine logging workers.

Methods

Loggers participated in seven quarterly surveys, over the course of 18 months. Categorical and free text data related to traumatic and acute injury, musculoskeletal disorders (MSD), and chronic pain were exported from REDCap into SAS 9.4, Excel, and NVivo, for quantitative and qualitative analysis, respectively. Time to injury was modeled using two different approaches: (1) time to the occurrence of first injury modeled by proportional hazard regression and (2) an intensity model for injury frequency. Two research team members also analyzed qualitative data using a content analysis approach.

Results

During the study, 204 injuries were reported. Of the 154 participants, 93 (60.4%) reported musculoskeletal pain on at least one survey. The majority of injuries were traumatic, including fractures, sprains, and strains. Lack of health insurance was found to be related to increased risk of first injury [HR = 1.41, 95% CI = 0.97–2.04, p = 0.069]. Variables found to be related to injury intensity at the univariate level were: (1) a lack of health insurance [HR = 1.51, 95% CI = 1.04–2.20, p = 0.030], (2) age [HR for 10‐year age increase;= 1.12, 95% CI = 0.99–1.27, p = 0.082], and (3) years employed in logging industry [HR for 10‐year increase = 1.12, 95% CI = 0.99–1.26, p = 0.052]. Seeking medical attention for injury was not a priority for this cohort, and narratives revealed a trend for self‐assessment. A variety of barriers, including finances, prevented loggers from seeking medical attention.

Discussion

We found that loggers still experience serious, and sometimes disabling, injuries associated with their work. It was unsurprising that many injuries were due to slips, trips, and falls, along with contact with logging equipment and trees/logs. The narratives revealed various obstacles preventing loggers from achieving optimal health. Examples included geographic distance from healthcare, lack of time to access care, and entrenched values that prioritized independence and traditional masculinity. Financial considerations were also consistently cited as a primary barrier to adequate care.

Conclusion

There is a continued need to emphasize occupational health and safety in the logging industry. Implementation of relevant safety programs is key, but it is likely that the benefits of these will not be fully realized until a cultural shift takes place within this industry.
Alkylation of an N2‐Derived PN3P Mo(V) Nitride Complex
Authors: Han Delong , Chakraborty Priyanka , Yang Li , Huang Hao , Huang Kuo‐Wei
Published: July 2023

The alkylation of a nitride ligand of a post‐modified Mo(V) complex was achieved with MeOTf (1 a) and EtOTf (2 a), respectively. However, different from the known Mo(VI) nitride complexes where the alkyl group can be deprotonated by strong bases to form a ketimide for the next progressive reactions leading to nitrile, 1 a and 2 a can only be reduced to highly stable Mo(IV) imido complexes by NaH. Upon treatment with fresh PhCH2OTf, a new dinuclear Mo complex was isolated with N2 release, instead of benzylation of the nitride ligand.
Selective Synthesis using ETFBO: A New Strategy for the Preparation of Hexahydro‐1H‐pyrrolo[1,2‐c]imidazol‐1‐one.
Authors: Faillace Martín S. , Ceballos Noelia M. , Shustova Natalia B. , Peláez Walter J.
Published: July 2023

In this work, we report the regiospecific and stereoselective synthesis of novel pyrrolo thioxoimidazolidinones with promising biological activities due to the inherent pharmaceutical properties of thioxoimidazolidinone core. The reaction of different thioxoimidazolidinones with trans‐4‐ethoxy‐1,1,1‐trifluorobut‐3‐en‐2‐one (ETFBO) yields bicyclic 1,3‐diaza heterocycles bearing the trifluoromethyl (CF3) moiety. Our investigation involved both depth experimental analysis and theoretical calculations to fathom out the mode of reaction of this building block and elucidate the underlying mechanism operating for the observed reactions. Remarkably, this unusual mechanism retained the ethanol moiety from the building block in the final products, deviating from conventional nucleophilic reactions reported in the literature.
N‐Heterocyclic Carbene‐Catalyzed [3+3] Annulation of Alkynyl Acyl Azolium with β‐Keto Ester for the Synthesis of Tri‐Substituted α‐Pyranones
Authors: Jiang Chengming , Dong Ziyang , Wang Jiaming , Zhao Changgui
Published: July 2023

The reactivity of N‐Heterocyclic carbene (NHC)‐bound alkynyl acyl azoliums is underexplored in chemistry. We herein reported an NHC‐catalyzed [3+3] annulation of alkynyl acyl azoliums with β‐keto esters. The strategy features mild reaction conditions and exhibits broad substrates scope, delivering a wide range of tri‐substituted α‐pyrones in moderate to excellent yields (up to 95%). This approach extends the reactivity of alkynyl acyl azoliums to β‐keto esters binucleophiles.
An Interfacial View of Cation Effects on Electrocatalysis Systems
Authors: Khani Hadi , Puente Santiago Alain R. , He Tianwei
Published: July 2023

The identity of alkali metal cations in the electrolyte of electrocatalysis systems has been recently introduced as a crucial factor to tailor the kinetics and Faradaic efficiency of many electrocatalytic reactions. In this Minireview, we have summarized the recent advances in the molecular‐level understanding of cation effects on relevant electrocatalytic processes such as hydrogen evolution (HER), oxygen evolution (OER), and CO2 electroreduction (CO2RR) reactions. The discussion covers the effects of electrolyte cations on interfacial electric fields, structural organization of interfacial water molecules, blocking the catalytic active sites, stabilization or destabilization of intermediates, and interfacial pHs. These cation‐induced interfacial phenomena have been reported to impact the performance (activity, selectivity, and stability) of electrochemical reactions collaboratively or independently. We describe that although there is almost a general agreement on the relationship between the size of alkali cations and the activities of HER, OER, and CO2RR, however, the mechanism by which the performance of these electrocatalytic reactions is influenced by alkali metal cations is still in debate.
Modular Alcohol Click Chemistry Enables Facile Synthesis of Recyclable Polymers with Tunable Structure
Authors: Xia Yanni , Sun Yue , Liu Ziheng , Zhang Chengjian , Zhang Xinghong
Published: July 2023

The facile synthesis of chemically recyclable polymers derived from sustainable feedstocks presents enormous challenges. Here, we develop a novel, modular, and efficient click reaction for connecting primary, secondary, or tertiary alcohols with activated alkenes via a bridge molecule of carbonyl sulfide (COS). The click reaction is successfully applied to synthesize a series of recyclable polymers by the step polyaddition of diols, diacrylates, and COS. Diols and diacrylates are common chemicals and can be produced from biorenewable sources, and COS is released as the industrial waste. In addition to sustainable monomers, the approach is atom‐economical, wide in scope, metal‐free, and performed under mild conditions, affording unprecedented polymers with nearly quantitative yields. The produced polymers also possess predesigned and widely tunable structure owing to the versatility of our method and the broad variety of monomers. The in‐chain thiocarbonate and ester polar groups can play as breakpoints, allowing these polymers to be easily recycled. Overall, the polymers have broad prospects for green materials given their facile synthesis, readily available feedstocks, desirable performance, and chemical recyclability.
Regulating Degradation Pathways of Polymers by Radical‐Triggered Luminescence
Authors: Hou Yue , Feng Jing , Tian Rui , Lu Chao , Duan Xue
Published: July 2023

Understanding the radical behaviours during polymer degradation is beneficial to unveil and regulate the degradation pathways of polymers to achieve a sustainable polymer development. However, it is a long‐standing challenge to study radical behaviours owing to the ultra‐short lifetime of the transient radicals generated during the polymer degradation. In this contribution, we have proposed the radical‐triggered luminescence to monitor the radical behaviours during polymer degradation without/with the addition of inorganic additives. It was disclosed that the pure polymers showed a single sigmoidal dynamic curve from peroxy radicals (ROO⋅) emissions, leading to the exponential proliferation for the degradation evolution. Alternatively, the degradation pathways with the addition of additives, layered double hydroxides (LDHs) with positively charged Al centers, could be modulated into a double sigmoidal dynamics, involving the main product of alkoxy radicals (RO⋅) with the activation energy of 40.2 kJ/mol and a small amount of ROO⋅ with 76.3 kJ/mol, respectively. Accordingly, the polymers with the additive‐regulated pathways could exhibit prominently anti‐degradation behaviours. This work is beneficial for the deep understanding of the radical mechanisms during polymer degradation, and for the rational design of anti‐degradation polymers.