bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Added value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound to conventional ultrasound for characterization of indeterminate soft-tissue tumors
Authors: Hu Yu , Li Ao , Wu Meng-Jie , Ma Qian , Mao Cui-Lian , Peng Xiao-Jing , Ye Xin-Hua , Liu Bo-Ji , Xu Hui-Xiong
Published: November 2022

Objective:

To assess the added value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) to conventional ultrasound in differentiating benign soft-tissue tumors from malignant ones.

Methods:

197 soft-tissue tumors underwent ultrasound examination with confirmed histopathology were retrospectively evaluated. The radiologists classified all the tumors as benign, malignant, or indeterminate according to ultrasound features. The indeterminate tumors underwent CEUS were reviewed afterwards for malignancy identification by using individual and combined CEUS features.

Results:

Ultrasound analysis classified 62 soft-tissue tumors as benign, 111 tumors as indeterminate and 24 tumors as malignant. There 104 indeterminate tumors were subject to CEUS. Three CEUS features including enlargement of enhancement area, infiltrative enhancement boundary, and intratumoral arrival time difference were significantly associated with the tumor nature in both univariable and multivariable analysis for the indeterminate tumors (all p < 0.05). When at least one out of the three discriminant CEUS features were present, the best sensitivity of 100% for malignancy identification was obtained with the specificity of 66.7% and the AUC of 0.833. When at least two of the three discriminant CEUS features were present, the best area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.924 for malignancy identification was obtained. The combination of at least two discriminant CEUS features showed much better diagnostic performance than the optimal combination of ultrasound features in terms of AUC (0.924 vs 0.608, p < 0.0001), sensitivity (94.0% vs 42.0%, p < 0.0001), and specificity (90.7% vs 79.6%, p = 0.210) for the indeterminate tumors.

Conclusion:

The combination CEUS features of enlargement of enhancement area, infiltrative enhancement boundary and intratumoral arrival time difference are valuable to improve the discriminating performance for indeterminate soft-tissue tumors on conventional ultrasound.

Advances in knowledge:

The combination of peritumoral and arrival-time CEUS features can improve the discriminating performance for indeterminate soft-tissue tumors on conventional ultrasound.
KRGG1 function in RNA editing inTrypanosoma brucei
Authors: Carnes Jason , Gendrin Claire , McDermott Suzanne M. , Stuart Kenneth
Published: November 2022

Mitochondrial gene expression in trypanosomes requires numerous multiprotein complexes that are unique to kinetoplastids. Among these, the most well characterized are RNA editing catalytic complexes (RECCs) that catalyze the guide RNA (gRNA)-specified insertion and deletion of uridines during mitochondrial mRNA maturation. This post-transcriptional resequencing of mitochondrial mRNAs can be extensive, involving dozens of different gRNAs and hundreds of editing sites with most of the mature mRNA sequences resulting from the editing process. Proper coordination of the editing with the cognate gRNAs is attributed to RNA editing substrate-binding complexes (RESCs), which are also required for RNA editing. Although the precise mechanism of RESC function is less well understood, their affinity for binding both editing substrates and products suggests that these complexes may provide a scaffold for RECC catalytic processing. KRGG1 has been shown to bind RNAs, and although affinity purification co-isolates RESC complexes, its role in RNA editing remains uncertain. We show here that KRGG1 is essential in BF parasites and required for normal editing. KRGG1 repression results in reduced amounts of edited A6 mRNA and increased amounts of edited ND8 mRNA. Sequence and structure analysis of KRGG1 identified a region of homology with RESC6, and both proteins have predicted tandem helical repeats that resemble ARM/HEAT motifs. The ARM/HEAT-like region is critical for function as exclusive expression of mutated KRGG1 results in growth inhibition and disruption of KRGG1 association with RESCs. These results indicate that KRGG1 is critical for RNA editing and its specific function is associated with RESC activity.
Roman Sarcophagus Depicting Scylla in the Çanakkale Troia Museum
Authors: Yaman Hüseyin , Özhan Tolga
Published: November 2022

This article discusses an inscribed sarcophagus that originates from Nikaia and is now on display in the Çanakkale Troia Museum. The front is divided into three framed panels. Each short end has a single frame, and both are decorated with a gorgoneion. On the front, pantomime masks occupy the left and right frames while the middle one is embellished with a bust depicting a young woman. This discussion focuses mainly on the identification of the relief in the central frame and the inscription on the sarcophagus. The middle figure arouses curiosity with her leafy garment and the steering oar that she carries on her shoulder, which is not a common image found in sarcophagus iconography. With her clothing, coiffure, posture and steering oar, it is argued that the relief represents Scylla because of its resemblance to a bronze bust of Scylla in the Cleveland Museum that is said to come from the Black Sea coast of Asia Minor. Scylla’s appearance on a sarcophagus has an apotropaic function. Aside from the steering oar, the Nikaian Scylla –as we choose to name her– is also reminiscent of terracotta protomes from Amisos, representing Amazons. The sarcophagus can be dated to the Hadrianic or early Antonine period.
Analysis of adolescents' views on the role of vaccination and limitations in psychosocial functioning during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Horoszkiewicz Krzysztof , Horoszkiewicz Bartosz
Published: November 2022

Background.

The COVID-19 pandemic has forced entering numerous changes and restrictions on daily psychosocial functioning.

The purpose of our research was to explore the views of adolescents aged 14-20 years attending secondary schools on the role of vaccination and the restrictions put in place during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Material and methods. The study was conducted with 504 secondary school students in a small town in Poland. Students were aged between 14 and 20 years (M = 16.6, SD = 1.3). The groups were homogeneous in terms of age and gender. 250 males (M = 16.5; SD = 1.3) and 254 females (M = 16.7; SD = 1.4) completed the sheets.   The survey took place between January 7 and 11, 2022. The study used the author's “Pandemic and My Life” survey method. It contained 7 closed-ended questions covering adolescents' attitudes towards COVID-19.

Results. More than half of the students have been vaccinated against COVID-19, and they are convinced of the effectiveness of the vaccines. Females were more likely to reveal anxiety before infection. Despite the presence of the COVID-19 virus in many families’ homes, concerns about infection were rather small. A great number of the respondents assessed restrictions as “more burdensome than beneficial”. Males were more prone to accepting distant education. There was a relationship between students' fear of the COVID-19 infection and the anxiety observed by pupils in their families.

Conclusions. The majority of the adolescents surveyed have been vaccinated against COVID-19 and have positive opinions about the effectiveness of the vaccines. There is a strong polarisation of views on some issues. The results obtained can be helpful in building preventive programmes and shaping pupils' health-promoting attitudes.
The Importance of Self-Esteem in the Language Learning Journey: Procedural Writing Students’ Stories in Indonesia
Authors: Listyani Listyani
Published: November 2022

Self-esteem can be simply defined as how a person views and appreciates him or herself as an individual. This is closely related to the idea of self-concept, which is an individual’s perception of who they are emotionally, physically, spiritually, and socially, as well as with regard to various other facets. Self-esteem is an important aspect of a language learner. It deals with how a learner views him or herself, whether a learner views him or herself as a successful or failing language learner. This study revealed how Procedural Writing class students in a private university perceived themselves. The study was conducted in an English Education Study Program of a private university in Central Java, Indonesia. It questioned whether these students had high or low self-esteem. The research only focused on one question: Do Procedural Writing class students with high self-esteem have good language learning achievement? The data was mainly collected from 14 students; 13 were Indonesian, and one was Korean. The findings revealed that students with good achievements do not always have high self-esteem. Many factors affected their self-esteem. Their characters, learning environment, and past experiences were a few of the other factors. In contrast, students considered as low achievers could have high self-confidence and self-esteem.
The diversity of agromorphological characters of Portulaca grandiflora in the MV8 population deriving from recurrent irradiation
Authors: AISYAH SYARIFAH IIS , SARASWATI REGINA AGRITENIA MAYRISCHA , YUDHA YOSHUA SHANDY , NURCHOLIS WARAS
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Aisyah SI, Saraswati RAM, Yudha YS, Nurcholis W. 2022. The diversity of agromorphological characters of Portulaca grandiflorain the MV8 population deriving from recurrent irradiation. Biodiversitas 23: 4432-4439. A multipurpose ornamental plant, Portulaca grandiflora has the value of attractiveness and uniqueness, which lies in various agromorphological characters, primarily in flowers. The potential of P. grandiflora in qualitative characters such as new and unique shapes and colors of the morphology must be enhanced further to increase its economic and aesthetic significance as a floriculture commodity. The induced mutation technique has been proven to improve plants' morphological diversity, and even numerous novel cultivars are produced from artificial mutations. The recurrent irradiation technique was applied in the P. grandiflora mutation breeding program and produced new morphological variations of P. grandiflora until the MV7 generation (seventh generation of the mutation breeding program). The current study aimed to evaluate the diversity of morphological characters of P. grandiflora mutants in the MV8 population resulted from reccurent irradiation technique. Fifty-three selected mutants of P. grandiflora generation MV7 were multiplied by stem cuttings to create an MV8 population. The total MV8 population of P. grandiflora, the result of vegetative propagation, was 1104 plants. The diversity of morphological characters of P. grandiflora in the MV8 population was identified quantitatively (measurement) and qualitatively (visual observation). The results of this study reveal that several P. grandiflora mutants in the MV8 population have a new phenotypic appearance, chiefly in the qualitative characters of flowers. Besides, most of the P. grandiflora MV8 mutant population has inherited identical morphological characters from the previous generation (MV7 population). Further morphological analysis in the next generation needs to be conducted to evaluate the morphological stability of P. grandiflora mutants to develop new cultivars and to investigate the possibility of new phenotypic variations caused by recurrent irradiation treatments.
Diversity of Entamoeba spp. in Long-tailed Macaque (Macaca fascicularis) in Baluran and Alas Purwo National Parks, Indonesia
Authors: CHRISMANTO DONY , Lastuti Nunuk Dyah Retno , SUWANTI LUCIA TRI , HASTUTIEK POEDJI , KURNIAWATI DYAH AYU , PARAMITA CHICI AYU , WITANINGRUM ADIANA MUTAMSARI , PRATIWI ARIF
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Chrismanto D, Lastutui NDR, Suwanti LT, Hastutiek P, Kurniawati DA, Witaningrum AM, Paramita CA, Pratiwi A. 2022. Diversity of Entamoeba spp. in Long-tailed Macaque (Macaca fascicularis) in Baluran and Alas Purwo National Parks, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 4524-4531. Entamoeba spp. is one of the most common protozoa in humans and non-human primates. Several species of Entamoeba are considered pathogenic, andone of them is Entamoeba histolytica has become a major public health concern. Contact between humans and Long-tailed Macaques (Macaca fascicularis) in Baluran National Park and Alas Purwo National Park has become more frequent in the last 10 years due to the habit of tourists providing food. This condition increases the potential of zoonoses between humans and Long-tailed Macaques. The aims of this study are to determine the diversity of species of Entamoeba spp. and the potential zoonosis from the Long-Tailed Macaque in Baluran and Alas Purwo National Park. In this study, 200 Fecal samples were collected from Long-tailed Macaques from Baluran National Park (100 samples) and Alas Purwo National Park (100 samples), examined both morphological and molecular examination with Entamoeba genus-specific primer. Positive samples were continued to be examined for the presence of 7 Entamoeba species by PCR amplification of the SSU rRNA gene. The results were found that 53% (53/100) of the samples were identified as Entamoeba spp. from Baluran National Park, and four Entamoeba species were identified, Entamoeba coli 84.9% (45/53), Entamoeba chattoni 58.9% (31/53), Entamoeba hartmanni 7.5% (4/53), and Entamoeba moshkovskii 13.2% (7/53), and among these, 58.49% (31/53) were mixed infections. The results from Alas Purwo National Park showed 82% (82/100) and three species of Entamoeba were detected by molecular tests, E. chattoni (90%), E. coli (85%) and E. moshkovskii (8.5%). The conclusion of the current study revealed the prevalence and diversity of Entamoeba species in Long-tailed Macaques in Baluran National Park and Alas Purwo National Park, Indonesia. This study is the first report on the diversity of Entamoeba species with molecular detection. The risk of zoonosis transmission in the region needs to be closely monitored.
Identification and screening of enzymatic abilities of Ktedonobacteria from forest soil of Cisolok Geothermal Area, Indonesia
Authors: RACHMANIA MAZYTHA KINANTI , NINGSIH FITRIA , SARI DHIAN CHITRA AYU FITRIA , ESHANANDA YURIZA , SAKAI YASUTERU , YABE SHUHEI , YOKOTA AKIRA , SJAMSURIDZAL WELLYZAR
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Rachmania MK, Ningsih F, Sari DCAF, Eshananda Y, Sakai Y, Yabe S, Yokota A, Sjamsuridzal W. 2022. Identification and screening of enzymatic abilities of Ktedonobacteria from forest soil of Cisolok Geothermal Area, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 4686-4695. This study aimed to provide information on culturable Ktedonobacteria from forest soil in the Cisolok geothermal area and their potential as enzyme producers. Twelve ktedonobacterial isolates were obtained from this study and identified based on full-sequence of the 16S rRNA gene. Seventeen isolates (including five isolates from previous studies) were used for enzymatic screening and phylogenetic analyses. Screening of amylolytic (0.5% soluble starch) and cellulolytic (0.5% carboxymethylcellulose) (CMC) activities from ktedonobacterial isolates was performed on a ten-fold diluted R2A agar medium, and were incubated at 30 °C for 21 days. The EzBioCloud search revealed that all isolates showed low sequence similarities with Dictyobacter aurantiacus S-27T (97.82 to 98.18%) as their closest related species. The phylogenetic tree showed that all isolates belong to the genus Dictyobacter (family Dictyobacteraceae of the class Ktedonobacteria). All isolates formed a monophyletic group and were placed as the sister clade to D. aurantiacus, as supported by a very strong bootstrap value (99%). Screening of amylolytic and cellulolytic abilities showed that most isolates (88.23%) were able to degrade both 0.5% starch and 0.5% CMC as substrates. This study revealed the presence of Ktedonobacteria with amylolytic and cellulolytic abilities in the forest soil of Cisolok geothermal area.
Investigation of the genetic diversity of jewel orchid in Vietnam using RAPD and ISSR markers
Authors: TRAN THI KIM PHUONG , PHAM MINH HAC , TRINH THI HUONG , WIDIARSIH SASANTI , HO VIET THE
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Tran TKP, Pham MH, Trinh TH, Widiarsih S, Ho VT. 2022. Investigation of the genetic diversity of jewel orchid in Vietnam using RAPD and ISSR markers. Biodiversitas 23: 4816-4825. Jewel orchid is a general name for several genera belonging to the Orchidaceae family, namely Anoectochilus, Doddinia, Goodyera, Ludisia, and Macodes. These plants are generally used as medicinal herbal for common diseases in Vietnam. Due to over-exploitation, the natural resources of jewel orchids are gradually depleted. Therefore, genetic resource research for proper development of this medicinal plant is necessary. This study aimed to investigate the genetic diversity of jewel orchids in Vietnam using RAPD and ISSR markers to provide basic data conservation of genetic resources and the development of this medicinal plant. A total of 20 jewel orchid samples were genetically characterized by using 10 RAPD and 10 ISSR primers. The amplified bands were binary coded and used to construct phylogenetic trees with NTSYSpc 2.1 software. Each RAPD primer produced 5-11 bands with an average of 8.0, and similarity coefficients ranged from 0.52 to 0.81. Each ISSR primer produced 5-10 bands with an average of 7.6, and the similarity coefficients ranged from 0.54 to 0.87. Combined RAPD and ISSR markers produced similarity coefficients ranging from 0.53 to 0.83. Based on the PIC values, the primers used by both markers are highly informative. However, the topology of cluster analysis of 20 jewel orchid accessions does not correspond to the taxa studied. The findings could be potential to employ in future classification, conservation, and development of this plant.
Characterization and identification of agarwood-producing plants (Aquilaria spp.) from North Aceh, Indonesia, based on morphological and molecular markers
Authors: LUKMAN LUKMAN , DINARTI DINY , SIREGAR ULFAH JUNIARTI , TURJAMAN MAMAN , SUDARSONO SUDARSONO
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Lukman, Dinarti D, Siregar UJ, Turjaman M, Sudarsono. 2022. Characterization and identification of agarwood-producing plants (Aquilaria spp.) from North Aceh, Indonesia, based on morphological and molecular markers. Biodiversitas 23: 4861-4871. Agarwood is one of the non-timber export commodities important as raw materials for bioindustry. There are 26 agarwood-producing plant species in Indonesia belonging to three families (Thymelaeaceae, Euphorbiaceae, and Fabaceae). This study aims to identify the agarwood-producing plant species in North Aceh District, Aceh Province, Indonesia, based on their morphological and molecular characters. The evaluated morphological characteristics include the bark and leaf structures of endemic plants. Molecular characterization was carried out by sequencing of matK, ITS, and trnL-trnF genes. The collected data were analyzed using the appropriate software, such as R software, BlastX, Geneious Prime and MEGA X. The evaluated 66 accessions were clustered into two major groups based on their morphology. Group 1 consisted of 10.61% of the evaluated accessions is identified as Aquilaria beccariana. Group 2 was further classified into two subclusters (Group 2a and 3b). Group 2a consisted of 10,61% of the accessions as A. malaccensis and Group 2b consisted of 78,79% of the accessions as A. microcarpa. All samples are identified as A. malaccensis based on the matK DNA sequences. Meanwhile, Groups 1 are identified as A. beccariana and Group 2a and 2b as A. microcarpa based on the ITS sequences. Based on the trnL-trnF sequences, Groups 1 and 2a was identified as A. malaccensis and Group 2b as A. microcarpa.
Population dynamics of blood clams Tegillarca granosa in Kendari Bay, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia
Authors: Bahtiar Bahtiar , Purnama Muhammad Fajar , Kasim Ma'ruf , Ishak Ermayanti
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Bahtiar, Purnama MF, Kasim M, Ishak E. 2022. Population dynamics of blood clams Tegillarca granosa in Kendari Bay, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 5084-5092. Blood clams (Tegillarca granosa) are bivalves found in the intertidal areas of ??Kendari Bay which are subjected to ecological stresses. Therefore, this study aims to determine the population dynamics of blood clams in Kendari Bay, Southeast Sulawesi, in terms of their size structure, growth, mortality, and exploitation level from March 2018-February 2019. The samples were collected with scoop nets in ten 5x5 m2 transects. Water quality parameters were monitored every sampling period. The length of the shells was measured using a caliper with an accuracy of 0.05 mm. The data were processed using the Bhattacharya method, inverse von Bertalanffy model, length-converted catch curve, and Pauly's empirical data, respectively. All of the methods were accommodated in the FiSAT II version 3.0 program. Results showed that the blood clams were divided into 2-3 size categories, namely young adult, adult, and old age, where the most dominant was the adult size group. The growth pattern of the samples was based on the equation Lt = [6.67-(6.67-0.025)] e-0.72t. The majority of the blood clams were distributed in the 1-2 years age group. Natural, fishing and total mortalities (Z) of the blood clams were 2.18 yr-1, 0.29yr-1, and 3.09yr-1, respectively, with an exploitation rate (E) of 0.29 (underexploited).
Effect of enviromental factors at multiple landscape scales on bird community in riparian ecosystem at Mun-Chi River confluence, Thailand
Authors: Chaleekarn Warut , Duengkae Prateep , Pongcharoen Chattraphas , Sutummawong Nantida , Nakmuenwai Pisut , Siripin Sasithon , Chirachitmichai Chanon , Kummoo Wuttisak , Paansri Paanwaris , Suksavate ‪Warong
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Chaleekarn W, Duengkae P, Pongcharoen C, Sutummawong N, Nakmuenwai P, Siripin S, Chirachitmichi C, Kummoo W, Paansri P, Suksavate W. 2022. Effect of environmental factors at multiple landscape scales on bird community in riparian ecosystem at Mun-Chi River confluence, Thailand. Biodiversitas 23: 5194-5204. Wetland and riparian ecosystem is an important migratory stopover for land and water birds in the East Asian - Australasian Flyway. Understanding relationship patterns between bird communities and environmental factors at multi-spatial scales within a landscape context could contribute to the conservation and management of bird biodiversity in wetland ecosystems. The landscape metrics index is critical in revealing the relationship between the composition of bird communities and habitats at both local and landscape scales. This study aims to determine the effect of the environmental factors at different designated spatial scales on the composition of local bird communities in terms of species and feeding guilds. Our study conducted a bird survey using 227-point transects along 40 tracks across different land cover types surrounding the Mun-Chi River confluence. Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) was used to quantify the association between bird communities, represented by species and feeding guilds, and environmental factors with the integration of multilevel habitat metrics. From the results, the CCA showed patterns of the community-environmental association at multiple scales of patch, class, and landscape characteristics with the proportional explanation of 54% and 61.82% for the composition of species and feeding guilds, respectively. The results indicated the premise that the majority of bird species respond to the habitat at the local scale. Large forest patches can maintain migratory and resident bird species. Moreover, most avian groups were arranged primarily in a large forest core area, forest area, and Shrubland PA. The results confirmed existing information on feeding guilds. The prediction map of the principal component of avian species composition was created from the association with the drivers of land use, including crops, perennial farmland, and water body on the edge of forests. Therefore, wetland management must be done at both local and landscape scales to preserve suitable avian habitats.
The influence of fermentation using marine yeast Hortaea werneckii SUCCY001 on antibacterial and antioxidant activity of Gracilaria verrucosa
Authors: FATMAWATI FATMAWATI , SIBERO MADA TRIANDALA , TRIANTO AGUS , WIJAYANTI DIAH PERMATA , SABDONO AGUS , PRINGGENIES DELIANIS , RADJASA OCKY KARNA
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Fatmawati F, Sibero T, Trianto A, Wiyanti DP, Sabdono A, Pronggenies D, Radjasa OK. 2022. The influence of fermentation using marine yeast Hortaea werneckii SUCCY001 on antibacterial and antioxidant activity of Gracilaria verrucosa. Biodiversitas 23: 5258-5266. Gracilaria verrrucosa is producer of agar, a polysaccharide, that widely used in pharmaceutical and food industries. However, several studies have shown that the secondary metabolite of this seaweed is not potential as an antimicrobial and antioxidant agents. This study aimed to determine the antibacterial and antioxidant properties of methanolic extract of G. verrucosa after fermentation using marine yeast Hortaea werneckii SUCCY001. The samples were fermented based on different optimization times, specially in three, six and nine days. Samples were extracted using methanol by maceration method. Then the extracts were tested for antimicrobial potential against the several human clinical pathogens namely Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Micrococcus luteus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The antioxidant potential was analyzed using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydracyl (DPPH) and 2,2-Azinobis 3-ethyl benzothiazoline 6- sulfonic acid (ABTS) method while total phenolic content (TPC) was measured using Folin-Ciocalteu. Secondary metabolites were characterized using thin layer chromatography (TLC) and GC-MS. TLC plate visualization using UV light, DPPH, FeCl3 and vanillin-sulfuric acid  reagents. The results showed that the extract fermented for nine days was able to inhibit the growth of P. aeruginosa and M. luteus at a concentration of 2 mg/mL. The highest antioxidant activity was found in the nine days fermented extract with an RSA value of 21.9% ± 0,0001 for DPPH and 12.53 % ± 0.002 for ABTS. Furthermore, the highest total phenolic content was found in the nine days fermented extract of 7.57 GAE/mg. The results of characterization using TLC showed the presence of phenolic compounds, terpenoids and antioxidants in fresh seaweed extracts, autoclaved fresh seaweed, three days of fermentation, six days and nine days. Based on this research, it can be seen that the addition of marine yeast starter H. werneckii SUCCY001 was able to increase the antibacterial and antioxidant activity of G. verrucosa.
The impact of fishermen’s conflict on the sustainability of crab (Portunus pelagicus) resources in the coastal areas of Maros District, South Sulawesi, Indonesia
Authors: Daris Lukman , Massiseng Andi Nur Apung , Fachri Mardiana Ethrawaty , Jaya Jaya , Zaenab ST
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Daris L, Massiseng ANA, Fachry ME, Jaya, Zaenab ST. 2022. The impact of fishermen’s conflict on the sustainability of crab (Portunus pelagicus) resources in the coastal areas of Maros District, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 5278-5289. Using environmentally unfriendly fishing gear causes damage to coral reefs and seagrass, which are the habitat of crabs. The prohibition on using ecologically unfriendly fishing gear, such as mini trawl, in catching crabs and shrimps in the coastal area of ??Maros District, South Sulawesi, Indonesia, has triggered horizontal conflicts between traditional fishermen from 1985 until now. This study aims to identify the types of fishing conflicts and analyze the distribution of conflict areas and the maximum fishing rate that could threaten the sustainability of crab (Portunus pelagicus) resources. This research was conducted from February to July 2022 in the coastal area of ??Maros, South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. The type of data is primary and secondary data. The data collection methods used in this study were observation, interviews, and Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA). The analysis data used qualitative by reducing and presenting data obtained from observations, interviews, and PRA, as well as spatial analysis and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to describe the distribution map of fishermen's conflicts. The results showed that the types of conflicts between fishermen using crab resources were agrarian conflicts, technological conflicts, and perception conflicts between fishermen using trammel nets and traps and fishermen using mini trawls. Conflicts between fishermen in resource utilization crabs occur between ??2.71-3.26 km from the coast during dark moons and 2.17-3.26 km during bright moons. Fishing conflicts have an impact on decreasing crab catches from 2015 until 2021, where the fishing effort (trip) has exceeded the sustainable fishing effort (MSY) by 690 trips/year with a total catch of 1232.3 tons/year.
Taxonomy and molecular phylogeny analysis of the genus Diogenes “Edwardsii group” (Decapoda: Anomora: Diogenidae) based on mitochondrial DNA sequences
Authors: FITRIAN TYANI , MADDUPPA HAWIS , ISMET MEUTIA SAMIRA , RAHAYU DWI LISTYO
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Fitrian T, Madduppa H, Ismet MS, Rahayu DL. 2022. Taxonomy and molecular phylogeny analysis of the genus Diogenes “Edwardsii group” (Decapoda: Anomora: Diogenidae) based on mitochondrial DNA sequences. Biodiversitas 23: 5302-5313. Many variations of morphological characters differ from one species to another, showing high interspecific variation within the genus Diogenes Dana, 1851. Subtle morphological differences among certain species make it difficult to identify diagnostic characters. Although the genus is very speciose, the study on the molecular is poorly reported. This study aimed to evaluate the taxonomy and phylogeny of the genus Diogenes using morphological and molecular features. The molecular phylogeny of 15 species of Diogenes included in the "Edwardsii group" was constructed based on two mitochondrial genes COI and 16S rRNA. The results of the phylogeny tree construction based on concatenated mitochondrial genes COI and 16S rRNA mtDNA formed 5 clades of monophyletic. Phylogenetic relationships of Diogenes species based on concatenated mitochondrial genes COI and 16S rRNA sequenced suggest that the morphological and molecular analyses of the species in this study corroborated one another. Among 15 species studied, three species were challenging to identify due to their resemblance to other species traits. The phylogenetic tree demonstrates that the three taxa denoted by 'sp.' were different from the known species of Diogenes so far. Diogenes sp.1 was closely related to Diogenes moosai Rahayu & Forest, 1995, Diogenes sp.2 resembles Diogenes laevicarpus Rahayu, 1996, while Diogenes sp.3 was closely related to Diogenes goniochirus Forest, 1956.
Towards underwater quantum communication in the mesoscopic intensity regime
Authors: Allevi Alessia , Bondani Maria
Published: November 2022

The problem of secure underwater communication can take advantage of the exploitation of quantum resources and novel quantum technologies. At variance with the current experiments performed at the single photon level, here we propose a different scenario involving mesoscopic twin-beam states of light and two classes of commercial photon-number-resolving detectors. We prove that twin-beam states remain nonclassical even if the signal propagates in tubes filled with water, while the idler is transmitted in free space. We also demonstrate that from the study of the nonclassicality information about the loss and noise sources affecting the transmission channels can be successfully extracted.
Effect of ambient temperature on optical performances of Eu2+/Ho3+ co-doped Ba2SiO4 phosphors
Authors: Zhong Yi , Pan Mingliang , Huang Shaoqi , Lin Hui , Yu Dechao , Dai Bo , Zhuang Songlin , Zhang Dawei
Published: November 2022

Persistent luminescence phosphor, as an extraordinary photonic material, is widely used in the many fields ranging from photodynamic therapy to optical data storage. The phosphor is sensitive to the ambient temperature; thus, the ambient temperature of the phosphor is a key in the widespread utilization. Here, the relation between the ambient temperature of Ba2SiO4:Eu2+/Ho3+ phosphor and the optical performances is evaluated. A warm storge condition is preferred before the excitation, while a low-temperature condition is necessary after charging for the high-intense response. The findings could make a suggestion for the preservation condition of the phosphors in the various applications.
Controlling localized states in a two-leg ladder lattice with diagonal edges via gain/loss [Invited]
Authors: Ye Rui , Li Guangzhen , Wang Luojia , Wu Xiaoxiong , Yuan Luqi , Chen Xianfeng
Published: November 2022

Gain and loss engineering can bring fascinating physical phenomena and lead to useful potential applications in optics and photonics. Here we study a two-leg ladder lattice with diagonal-edge open boundary condition which supports zero-energy modes with localization phenomena. By considering the on-site gain and loss on two legs respectively, we see the phase transition of features from localization at edges to extension into bulk. Meanwhile, the effective magnetic flux can further enhance the localization effect. Simulations are performed to verify the manipulation of localization via gain and loss in our model. This work offers the opportunity for controlling the localized states in a finite system through the non-Hermiticity and shows potential application towards implementing high-power laser arrays in both real space and synthetic dimensions.
Alcohol consumption and related disorders in Iran: Results from the National Surveillance of Non-Communicable Diseases’ Survey (STEPs) 2016
Authors: Rezaei Negar , Ahmadi Naser , Shams Beyranvand Mehran , Hasan Milad , Gohari Kimiya , Yoosefi Moein , Djalalinia Shirin , Saeedi Moghaddam Sahar , Modirian Mitra , Pazhuheian Forough , Mahdavihezaveh Alireza , Moradi Ghobad , Delavari Farnaz , Larijani Bagher , Farzadfar Farshad
Published: November 2022

Background

Alcohol consumption is a public health concern which is illegal in Iran. Moreover, due to cultural and religious beliefs, the available population-based research findings on alcohol consumption are inadequate. We aimed to provide an estimate on alcohol consumption using a large-scale population-based survey in Iran.

Materials and methods

The National Surveillance of Non-Communicable Risk Factors in Iran was a population-based survey conducted in 2016. The epidemiologic distribution of alcohol consumption and its related disorders were assessed using weighted survey methods and multiple logistic regression models. Age standardized rates were calculated using Iran’s national population census in 2016.

Results

At the national level, the prevalence rates of lifetime and current alcohol consumption were 8.00% (95% CI: 7.67–8.32) and 4.04% (95% CI: 3.81–4.27), respectively. The highest prevalence was reported among 25 to 34 year-olds. Individuals of higher socioeconomic status consumed significantly greater levels of alcohol. At provincial level, the highest and lowest percentages of the current alcohol drinking rates in Iran’s provinces were, 23.92% (95% CI: 17.56–30.28) and 0.4% (95% CI: 0–1.18) in males, 1.58% (95% CI: 0.22–2.94) and 0% in females, respectively. In urban regions, the highest alcohol consumption rate was more than 22 times greater than the lowest alcohol consumption rate. Current alcohol drinkers were 2 times more prone to injury as compared to nondrinkers (ORadj: 2.0, 95%CI: 1.7, 2.3).

Conclusion

In Iran, the prevalence of alcohol consumption is low, although there is a considerable variation of alcohol consumption at provincial level as well as in different gender groups. Therefore, preventive WHO—recommended measures should be adopted more seriously by vulnerable groups.
Numerical modelling of floating structure with coupled Eulerian–Lagrangian technique
Authors: Lakusic Stjepan
Published: November 2022

Floating structures are complex systems composed of superstructure, floating-mooring components, and anchors. In this study, the behaviours of a pontoon, which is used as a floating structure, and four mooring elements under different wave loading conditions were investigated. A numerical analysis of the coupled motions of the pontoon, mooring lines, and marine environment was performed. While the mooring lines were modelled as wire elements, the pontoon was modelled as a rigid body with six degrees of freedom. Wave loading conditions were represented using two different wave spectra. The first spectrum (Case I) was generated based on a single sinusoidal wave utilising the JONSWAP spectrum, whereas the second one (Case II) was generated based a superimposed multi-sinusoidal wave. Time-varying motions of the pontoon and tensions of the mooring lines were determined based on the numerical analyses for Cases I and II. Critical values were determined using the results of both cases. The numerical solutions were based on bidirectional fluid–structure interaction (FSI) analysis. A fully non-linear free surface simulation was performed using the coupled Eulerian–Lagrangian (CEL) technique. Furthermore, numerical results were compared with the results obtained from analytical solutions of free surface elevations.
Flora of the former Kolokolnikov estate (Tyumen)
Authors: Voronova O. G. , Patrakeeva E. V.
Published: November 2022

The article presents for the first time data on the species diversity of vascular plants growing on the territory of the former estate of the Kolokolnikovs, which has a history of formation for a century and a half and is today a place of rest for the citizens of Tyumen. In 2021, most of the study area was classified as a natural monument of regional significance «Lesopark (Parkland) Zatyumensky». For the spring-summer period 2021, 182 species of vascular plants belonging to 136 genera, 56 families were identified. Among the leading families: Asteraceae (22 species), Rosaceae (21), Poaceae (19), Fabaceae (14), Brassicaceae (9), Salicaceae (8), Caryophyllaceae (7), Apiaceae (6), Ranunculaceae (5), which accounted for 61 %. The arboreal layer is dominated by Betula pendula and Tilia cordata, and the grass-shrub layer is dominated by Aegopodium podagraria, Centaurea scabiosa, Geranium sibiricum, Glechoma hederacea, and Poa pratensis. On the territory there are species listed in the Red Book of the Tyumen region: Tilia cordata and Cerasus fruticosa (Prunus fruticosa). In a comparative analysis with herbarium funds, 33 plant species were not identified in the modern flora of the study area. According to the biomorphological analysis according to the system of life forms of K. Raunkier, most plants belong to hemicryptophytes (40.7 %), I. G. Serebryakova - long-rhizomatous polycarpics (21.5 %), O. V. Smirnova et al. - mono-centric type (52.2 %).
Protected species of the family Liliaceae Juss. on the territory of the Altai Mountain Country
Authors: Zholnerova E. A. , Zaikov V. F. , Vaganov A. V.
Published: November 2022

Species of the family are predominantly flowering plants. In this regard, populations suffer not only from grazing, haymaking, economic development of land, but also from the collection of flowers and bulbs for bouquets and sale. To assess the proportion of rare and endemic species of the family, an analysis of the red books of Kazakhstan, China, Mongolia, Russia and its subjects included in the territory of the Altai mountainous country was carried out. A table has been compiled indicating the categories of rarity for each protected species. Almost half of the species of the Liliaceae family in the territory of the AMC have a conservation status, a third of which are endemic. The DIVA-GIS 7.5 program was used to map and analyze the data on the distribution of representatives of the Liliaceae family in the botanical and geographical regions of the AMC. Maps were compiled based on the inventory of the ALTB, NS (NSK), MW, E, CAS, PE, B, and G collections. Also, as part of the study, 54 sheets of species of the genus Gagea were digitized with subsequent integration into GBIF. It is necessary to comprehensively study the species, their exact ranges and take immediate measures to conserve taxa that are in the rarity category 1 (endangered) and 2 (vulnerable).
Some rare and new plants in the National Parks of Northern Tien-Shan (Kazakhstan)
Authors: Ivashchenko A. A. , Kaparbai R. E. , Almabek D. M. , Arynov B. B. , Abidkulova K. T.
Published: November 2022

The article gives information on the distribution of four rare species (Hepatica falconeri, Kaufmannia semenovii, Neuroloma beketovii, Gymnospermium altaicum) with brief abundance data and state of populations. This studies based on the materials of many years researches carried out by the authors on the territory of two state national natural parks (SNNP) of the Northern Tien Shan (Ile Alatau and Kolsai Kolderi). Nine species (Gagea turkestanica, Bunias orienta-lis, Viola dissecta, Clinopodium integerrimum, Melissa officinalis, Sambucus nigra, Hieracium pilosella, Lapsana intermedia and Xanthium spinosum) were first found on surveyed areas, which allows supplementing the existing publications on the flora of the national parks Ile Alatau and “Kolsai Kolderi”, as well as the Kungei Alatau ridge. Three of them (Gagea turkestanica, Viola dissecta, Clinopodium integerrimum) are native to this area, which indicates that the flora of the region is not well studied. Six others (Bunias orientalis, Melissa officinalis, Sambucus nigra, Hieracium pilosella, Lapsana intermedia and Xanthium spinosum) are alien species, which confirms the ongoing process of synanthropization of the flora of the Northern Tien Shan even within specially protected natural areas.
Vitality of alasic cenopopulations of Hordeum brevisubulatum (Trin.) Link
Authors: Kardashevskaya K. V. , Kardashevskaya V. E.
Published: November 2022

The vital structure of cenopopulations (CP) is one of the main indicators of the state of the CP, which really reflects vitality and resistance to stress. In 2020-2021, the vital structure of the CP of polycarpic, rhizomatous-friable grass Hordeum brevisubulatum (Trin.) Link, one of the dominants and important resource components of the alasny meadows in the Churapchinsky district of Yakutia, was studied. 32 morphological parameters of generative individuals were studied. The repetition by individuals in each CP is 30-fold. The assessment of the vitality of individuals and the CP as a whole was carried out according to the method of Yu. A. Zlobin, supplemented by A. R. Ishbirdin and M. M. Ishmuratov. Individuals of the CP of the аЫ middle belt have parameter values lower than those of the CP of the lower belt, but higher than in the CP of the upper belt of the аЫ. Studies established that in the CP of the species there are individuals of all three classes of vitality: a-higher, b-middle and c-lower. In general, over the years of research, the vital structure of the аЫ CP of the Churapchinsky district has undergone some changes. The middle class of vitality and a thriving type of cenopopulation prevail. The species is adapted to the limited soil and climatic resources of the alas, but is most viable in the lower belts of the alas. The vital state of the CP is affected by the position of the CP in a certain zone of alas and the moisture content of the year.
Taxonomic diversity and structure of phytoplankton in different-type lakes of Kulunda basin (Altai krai)
Authors: Kosacheva Yu. N. , Mitrofanova E. Yu.
Published: November 2022

In the phytoplankton of different-type lakes of Kulunda basin 87 species and 1 variety of algae from 6 systematic divisions were identified: Cyanobacteria, Bacillariophyta, Cryptophyta, Euglenophyta, Chlorophyta and Ochrophyta. The most diverse in the number of families, genera and species is the Cyanobacteria (35 species, or 40.2 % of the total number of species), as well as Chlorophyta (26, or 29.9 %), Bacillariophyta (17, or 19.5 %). Most of the taxa ranked above the family belong to Bacillariophyta (2 classes, 3 subclasses, 9 orders) and Chlorophyta (3 classes, 8 orders). The two divisions are not numerous, they have only 2 (Cryptophyta) and 3 (Ochrophyta) species. The largest family is Oscillatori-aceae with 4 genera and 13 species. The leading genera include 5 genera, and 3 of them are from Cyanobacteria, 1 genus each belong to Chlorophyta (Ulothrix) and Bacillariophyta (Nitzschia). According to the results of the study, the dependence of the number of species in phytoplankton on the average mineralization and Wolf Number (the measure of solar activity) for salt lakes in Kulunda basin was revealed.
The role of the Pamir Botanical Garden in the enrichment of the assortments of conifers in the Western Pamirs
Authors: Kurbonbekov J. Sh.
Published: November 2022

This article presents some results of cuttings of coniferous plants in the conditions of the Western Pamirs, on the example of the Pamir Botanical Garden, as well as enriching the range and prospects for their use. Since under natural conditions, the diversity of conifers in the Pamirs is very small and mainly species of the juniper genus grow here, in the Pamir Botanical Garden, for many years, research has been carried out to study the introduced coniferous plants and their adaptation to the conditions of this territory. In the course of the study on introduction, the optimal cutting time was determined for species of spruce, biota and others. It is shown that the spring period of grafting in comparison with the summer period is the most optimal for the conditions of the Western Pamirs. It was determined that western thuja (Thuja occidentalis) has a very good percentage of survival (60 %) compared with prickly spruce and European spruce, which are inferior to it by 15-20 %. The article also gives a brief description of conifers that have already been acclimatized in the conditions of the Western Pamirs and there is a prospect of their use for landscaping and soil protection in different parts of this territory. These include species of the genus biota, thuja, spruce and others.
The species composition of weeds in sunflower crops in the steppe zone of the Krasnodar Territory
Authors: Luneva N. N. , Zakota T. Yu.
Published: November 2022

In sunflower crops cultivated in the steppe zone of the Krasnodar Territory, 92 species of weeds were identified. The core of the weed component of agrocenoses consists of 2 especially active species - Amaranthus retrof-lexus L. and Chenopodium album L., 5 highly active species - Ambrosia artemisiifolia L., Convolvulus arvensis L., Abu-tilon theophrasti Medik., Echinochloa crusgalli (L.) Beauv., Persicaria maculosa S.F. Gray, 2 medium-active species Cir-sium setosum (Willd .) Bess. and Vicia cracca L. and 2 fairly active species Sinapis arvensis L. and Lathyrus tuberosus L. These are the types that should be paid special attention to while developing protective measures. In addition, 22 inactive species and 59 inactive species were identified, the presence of which in sunflower crops is due to a decrease in the level of technology of this crop cultivation. The territorial totality of weeds of the ecotope of segetal habitats is a segetal flora, one of the subdivisions of which is the partial flora of the ecotope under the cultivation of sunflower culture. The species composition of the segetal flora is characterized by stability, therefore it can be predicted for a certain time perspective. The activity of species changes with the change of crops in the crop rotation scheme, which significantly increases the role of phytosanitary monitoring.