bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding infant feeding among mothers of children with severe acute malnutrition in the rural areas of Northern India
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of Paediatrics, Hind Institute of Medical Sciences, Mau, Ataria, Sitapur Rd, Uttar Pradesh, India, Verma Dr. Divya , Singh Dr. Sunil Kumar ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Paediatrics, Hind Institute of Medical Sciences, Mau Ataria, Sitapur Rd, Uttar Pradesh, India
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Malnutrition has been identified as one of the principal causes limiting India’s globaleconomic potential. The infant and young child-feeding practices determine the nutritional status,growth and ultimately the survival of infants and young children. The study aimed to assess theknowledge, attitude and practices of rural mothers with children diagnosed with severe acutemalnutrition (SAM) regarding infant feeding. Methodology: A hospital-based cross-sectionaldescriptive study on 116 mothers from the rural area of Northern India with children diagnosed withSAM. Assessment of knowledge, attitude and practice of mothers regarding infant feeding was donethrough face to face interviews using a structured questionnaire containing 32 questions. Results:The mean age of admitted children was 14.48 ± 4.71 months. The majority of mothers (81.9%)studied till only primary school or were illiterate. The appropriate knowledge about early initiation ofbreastfeeding and the ideal time to start complementary feeding was found in 42.4% and 45.6% ofmothers respectively which was suboptimal. The attitude towards ideal breastfeeding practices waspositive in most mothers. However in practice only 59.4% of mothers exclusively breastfed theirbabies till 6 months and 54.3% delayed initiation of complementary feed beyond 9 months of age.The frequency of complementary feeding was inadequate in the 6-8 months age group as stated by88.6% of mothers and minimum dietary diversity was not followed by 68.1% of mothers.Conclusion: The knowledge and positive attitude towards infant feeding are not applied in practiceby mothers. Efforts should be made to improve knowledge, attitude and practice with an emphasison complementary feeding indicators to reduce the burden of malnutrition in the rural population.67
Soil Fauna Community Diversity and Response to Wetland Degradation in Nanniwan Wetland
Authors: Liu Changhai , Shao Ying , Cao Siping
Published: July 2021

This study is to investigate the soil fauna community characteristics in the Nanniwan wetland, as well as their responses to changed environmental factors. Soil fauna from six representative habitats in the Nanniwan wetland were studied, in the spring, summer, autumn, and winter of 2016. Soil fauna community composition, density, and distribution were investigated. The relationships between soil fauna distribution and soil physicochemical properties were also analyzed. Overall, 3285 individuals were harvested, which belonged to 4 phyla, 10 classes, and 26 orders. The soil fauna density and group numbers differed among these habitats. The structure of the reclaimed wetland soil fauna community was the simplest among all these habitats. Wetland reclamation and degradation reduced the density and diversity of soil fauna, and changed the functional groups of soil fauna, resulting in decreased saprozoic soil fauna and increased predacity soil fauna. The total organic carbon content and the soil pH value represented the main influencing factors of soil fauna distribution. The soil fauna density was positively correlated with the soil total organic carbon and total nitrogen contents, while the soil fauna density was negatively correlated with the pH value. The soil fauna density is closely associated with the environmental factors in the Nanniwan wetland. These findings would help to quantitatively predict and evaluate the ecological function of soil fauna in the Nanniwan wetland.
Kesan Suhu dan Bahan Tambah Abu Terbang terhadap Pencirian Mekanik Bata daripada Sisa Rawatan Air Mentah
Authors: Ali Rahman Zulfahmi , Othman Akrimi Maswa , Idris Wan Mohd. Razi , Lihan Tukimat
Published: July 2021

Penggunaan semula sisa dalam pembangunan bata giat diusahakan dan beberapa pengubahsuaian dilakukan bagi menghasilkan produk bata yang berkualiti baik dan selamat. Suhu merupakan antara faktor yang mempengaruhi cirian mekanik bata. Oleh itu, objektif kajian ini adalah untuk melihat pengaruh suhu dan abu terbang (RAM) terhadap sifat mekanik bata yang dihasilkan daripada campuran sisa rawatan air mentah (RAM). Dua jenis sampel bata disediakan melibatkan bata 100% sisa RAM (RAM100) dan bata campuran 80% sisa RAM dan 20% AT (RAM80). Kedua-dua jenis sampel dikenakan suhu pembakaran berbeza (tanpa bakar, 500 °C, 700 °C) selama tiga jam. Ujian larutresap turut dilakukan bagi mengenal pasti kepekatan logam berat yang hadir dalam bata. Pencirian mekanik bagi penyusutan linear menunjukkan peningkatan dengan pertambahan suhu. Kehadiran sisa AT meningkatkan nilai penyusutan linear yang lebih tinggi berbanding bata berasaskan RAM (RAM100) apabila suhu meningkat daripada 350 kepada 700 °C. Nilai ketumpatan kedua-dua jenis bata turut menyusut dengan peningkatan suhu namun meningkat semula pada suhu yang lebih tinggi (700 °C). Kedua-dua jenis bata juga menunjukkan peningkatan penyerapan air dengan peningkatan suhu. Kehadiran AT turut mengurangkan nilai serapan air berbanding bata RAM100. Kekuatan mampatan bata meningkat dengan peningkatan suhu dan bata RAM100 menunjukkan corak peratus peningkatan yang ketara berbanding bata RAM80. Namun, daripada perspektif peratusan, kehadiran AT menunjukkan peratusan pertambahan kekuatan mampatan yang ketara berbanding bata RAM100. Daripada hasil ujian larutresap dan cirian mekanik yang dilakukan, sisa rawatan air dan abu terbang berpotensi digunakan sebagai bahan asas dalam pembangunan bata dan beberapa pengubahsuaian diperlukan bagi mencapai piawaian yang ditetapkan sebagai bahan binaan alternatif.
INTENSIFICATION AND STUDY OF HEAT TRANSFER AND FRICTION IN THE PLATE HEATING SURFACES OF THE KMS-2 AIR HEATER WITH A PRESSURE GRADIENT
Authors: PETROVA Nadezhda P. , TSYNAEVA Anna A. , BELAYA Valeriya V.
Published: July 2021

A numerical study of heat transfer and friction in the heat exchanger channels in the presence of a variable pressure gradient is performed. The research was carried out in software complexes (Code_Saturne, Salome). The results of the validation of the research method are presented and they showed that the deviation of the numerical simulation results from the calculation data according to the known criterion equations is within the error of generalization of the experimental data by the criterion equations. According to the results of studies at Red=3000, Red=4177, Red=6000, it was found that the average value of the heat transfer coeffi cient of the channel of variable cross-section is up to 20 % higher than for the channel at dp/dx0. At the same time, the thermal-hydraulic effi ciency of the alternating channel (L=117 mm, l=58.5 mm, n=2) in the initial section at x =0...0.08 is lower than in the channel with dp/dx>0 by 26.7 %, and at x =0.08...1 it is higher by 5 ... 15 %, at dp/dx
Thinking styles as predictors of psychological readiness of students for innovative activities
Authors: Suroedova Elena A.
Published: July 2021

The paper deals with the problem of thinking styles and creativity as predictors of students psychological readiness for innovation. The aim of the study was to identify the influence of students thinking styles on their psychological readiness for innovation. The study involved 100 students of the Don State Technical University, aged from 17 to 27 years. The research methods were the survey method, statistical analysis methods (descriptive statistics, multiple regression analysis (step-by-step)). The following methods were used as psychodiagnostic tools: the questionnaire Psychological readiness for innovation (V.E. Klochko, O.M. Krasnoryadtseva); the method of measuring the style of thinking (A.K. Belousova); the method of determining the type of thinking of J. Bruner in the modification of G.V. Rezapkina; the questionnaire Styles of thinking (R. Bramson, A. Harrison, adapted by A. Alekseev, L. Gromova). The study found that students psychological readiness for innovation is influenced by thinking styles and creativity. Predictors of psychological readiness for innovation are creativity, realistic and critical thinking styles. The preference for activities that require innovation is influenced by creativity, initiative, idealistic and realistic thinking styles. Predictors of readiness for change are creativity and critical thinking styles. The practical significance of the research lies in the possibility of applying in the educational process the knowledge about the influence of students thinking styles and creativity on their psychological readiness for innovation.
Project portfolio management in an educational organization
Authors: Zhurakovskaya Vera M. , Olicheva Olga A.
Published: July 2021

The paper raises the problem of project management in the educational process of a comprehensive school, which ensures the growth of teachers professionalism. The purpose of the paper is to develop a structure for managing a portfolio of projects that ensures the implementation of strategies for educational organization (EО) development, an increase in the professionalism of teachers. The methodological justification for the development of a project portfolio management structure is the theory of project management, the project management methodology Scrum. The research resulted in a developed temporary organizational structure for managing a portfolio of projects in EО. Scientific relevance is the development of a project portfolio management structure in EО from the standpoint of an integrative approach, expressed in the integration of knowledge related to the management of project teams of teachers, the essence of Scrum project management technology, the use of the Trello electronic service, which provides effective management of a project portfolio, including the online mode. The theoretical significance of the solution to the project management problem proposed in the paper is the theoretical positions underlying the description of the temporary organizational structure of project portfolio management, as one of the options for a hybrid structure divisional adhocracy. The practical significance lies in the development of a specific temporary organizational structure for managing club teams of teachers implementing projects in the lyceum in Istra, which can be used in educational practice. An analysis of the results of experimental work on the professional development of teachers of an educational organization through the inclusion of teachers in the implementation of projects related to the solution of professional problems showed a positive dynamics of the levels of teachers professional development. This allowed the authors of the paper to consider the developed pedagogical means of teachers professional development of educational institutions to be effective.
Experimental evaluation of the effectiveness of adipose mesenchymal stem cells in full-thickness skin wounds
Authors: Artsimovich Ilya V. , Zinoviev Evgenii V. , Gostimskii Aleksander V. , Asadulaev Marat S. , Vissarionov Sergey V. , Manukovskii Vadim A. , Kostyakov Denis V. , Pyatakov Stanislav N.
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUND: Currently, numerous techniques or medical devices that allow complete or partial restoration of the lost skin within a short time remain as subjects of development. Many studies have shown the effectiveness of using stem cells in the treatment of full-thickness skin defects, but their use remains very limited. At present, there is no consensus among researchers about the advisability of the use of stem cells in the treatment of burns as well as about the method of their introduction.
AIM: This study aimed to examine the possibility of accelerating the reparative histogenesis of tissues in the zone of deep skin burns using cultures of adipogenic mesenchymal cells, as well as to evaluate the effectiveness of various methods of introducing cultures of these cells into the defect zone.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: An experimental study was carried out on small laboratory animals (rats). After simulating a grade III burn, mesenchymal stem cells were transplanted and superficially applied to the wound surface or injected under the fascia. In the control group, no wound treatment was performed. To assess the effectiveness of the wound-healing preparations, the appearance of wounds was assessed daily, the nature of the discharge and presence and type of granulations were noted, and the timing of scab rejection and wound healing was recorded. The wound area was assessed using a planimetric method. A histological examination of wound biopsies was carried out on days 7, 14, 21, and 28 of observation.
RESULTS: The application of adipogenic mesenchymal stem cells demonstrated the greatest efficiency on the developed burn model. Subfascial administration was less effective, but this method achieved a significant acceleration of wound healing in comparison with the control group. An increase in the healing index by 56.6% demonstrates the highest intensity of reparative regeneration in animals applied with adipogenic mesenchymal stem cells.
CONCLUSIONS: The preliminary results show that the application of adipogenic mesenchymal stem cells on the skin defect is more effective than subfascial administration based on the healing index. The use of adipogenic mesenchymal stem cells may substantially increase the effectiveness of the treatment of full-thickness skin defects.
Ölümün Gerçekleri Aydınlattığı Çiftlik: Vücut Çiftliği
Authors: ÖZESEN Toygün Anıl , KAYA Kenan , ERDEM Ziyaettin
Published: July 2021

Tafonomi, canlıların gömülme sürecini inceleyen bilim dalıdır. İlk insan tafonomi tesisi 1971’de Tennessee Üniversitesinde Adli Antropolog Dr. William Bass tarafından geliştirilmiştir. İnsan cesedinin çeşitli durumlara göre geçirdiği aşamaları daha iyi anlamanın yanı sıra bu amaçla kurulan tesisler, kolluk kuvvetlerinin eğitimi, olay yeri tekniklerinin geliştirilmesi ve kadavra köpek eğitimlerinin gerçekleştirilmesi amacıyla da kullanılmaktadır. Ceset ve ortam ilişkili birçok deney bu araştırma merkezlerinde yapılarak muhtemel durumlarla ilgili birçok veri elde edilerek daha gerçekçi çıkarımlar ve daha objektif sonuçlar elde edilebilmekte bunların sonucunda da olay yeri inceleme, otopsi, tespit yöntemleri geliştirilmektedir. Tafonomi Araştırma Merkezleri, kontrollü bir şekilde ölüm sonrası cesetlerin geçirdiği aşamaların incelenmesini sağlamaktadır. Ayrıca cesette, değişik çevresel etkenlere maruziyet sonucunda ne gibi değişiklikler olacağını, alınacak biyolojik örneklerden ne kadar süre yararlanabileceğinin belirlenmesini sağlamaktadır. Kontrollü deney imkanı sağlayabilmesi nedeniyle rasyonel sonuçlar elde edilebilmektedir. Elde edilen veriler sayesinde yeni olay yeri inceleme eğitim ve tekniklerinin geliştirilmesi ayrıca kadavra köpeklerinin eğitilmesine olanak sağlamaktadır. Bu gibi merkezler bilimsel araştırma ve geliştirme için sürekli bir bilgi kaynağı niteliği taşıdıklarından daha da yaygınlaşmaları gerektiği kanaatindeyiz.
Critical Unstable Conditions in The Hospitality Industry: Presentation in The Paradigm of Systematic Approach
Authors:   Southern Federal University, Grechko Mikhail V. , Stasev Mikhail A. ,   Southern Federal University, Vlasova Veronika S. ,   Southern Federal University
Published: July 2021

The object. An urgent issue of modern economic science is the study of critical unstable states in macro-systems, including in the hospitality industry, have presented with using the cognitive potential of system analysis. The goal. As a scientific aim, the problem of systemic representation and reconstruction of critically unstable conditions has identified in the hospitality industry with the subsequent determination of their ontological status. At the same time, the hospitality industry is presented as an open system with inherent processes and probable vectors of evolutionary development. Methodology. The study is based on the conceptual resource of the systemic approach, which provided an opportunity to sufficiently analyze the structure of the studying subject and its ontological framework. The practice of structural-logical method in the framework of a systemic approach allows us to imagine the hospitality industry as integrity, which can be patently visualized. The instrumental nature of the clearly historical method in the research context, the genesis comes from classical academical point of view, it gave the possibility to identify and describe the critical states of the studying object in the historical context in XX–XXI centuries. Results. Based on the cognitive potential of the systemic approach, the structural-logical method and the clearly historical method, the authors have developed a structural-logical scheme for representing the hospitality industry (Figure 1). A terminological clarification of the critical unstable states of the system is given in relation to the hospitality industry. In schedule form (Table 1), the main critical unstable conditions of the domestic hospitality industry are systematized in XX–XXI centuries. Conclusions. In the presented text, the main findings of the study are systematized. The obtained results should subsequently become the basis for the formation of a research theoretical scientific base for the control of the corresponding semi-structured objects and systems in dynamically off-balance states.
Lake Charles, Louisiana, earthquake of 16 October 1983
Authors: Stevenson Donald A. , Agnew James D.
Published: July 2021

On 16 October 1983, at 19:40 (UTC), a magnitude 3.8 earthquake occurred near Lake Charles in southwestern Louisiana. The earthquake was felt over an area of 2600 km2 and had a maximum Modified Mercalli intensity of V. This was the first significant Louisiana Gulf Coast earthquake to be recorded and located by nearby microseismic networks. One possible foreshock and three aftershocks also were recorded and located using a velocity model developed for this study.

The focal mechanism of the earthquake was determined based on P-wave first motions from 22 local and regional stations. The solution indicates a predominantly east-west trending, southeast-dipping normal fault with a small strike-slip component. The depth of this event (14+ km) provides the first significant evidence that normal faulting within the crystalline basement may control shallower growth faults along the Gulf Coast.
Three-dimensional records of surface displacement on the Superstition Hills fault zone associated with the earthquakes of 24 November 1987
Authors: Sharp Robert V. , Saxton John L.
Published: July 2021

Seven quadrilaterals, constructed at broadly distributed points on surface breaks within the Superstition Hills fault zone, were repeatedly remeasured after the pair of 24 November 1987 earthquakes to monitor the growing surface displacement. Changes in the dimensions of the quadrilaterals are recalculated to right-lateral and extensional components at millimeter resolution, and vertical components of change are resolved at 0.2 mm precision. The displacement component data for four of the seven quadrilaterals record the complete fault movement with respect to an October 1986 base. These data fit with remarkable agreement the power law U ( t ) = U f ( B t 1 + B t ) c , where U(t) is a displacement component at time t after the second main shock and Uf, B, and c are constants. This power law permits estimation of the final displacement, Uf, from the data obtained within the period of observation. Data from one quadrilateral, located near the epicenter of the second main shock and northeast-trending conjugate faults, allow that about 5 cm of right-lateral slip may have been associated with the first main shock there. Data from the other quadrilaterals confirm that the surface faulting on most of the Superstition Hills fault zone did initiate at the time of the second main shock of the 1987 earthquakes.

The three-dimensional motion vectors all describe nearly linear trajectories throughout the observation period, and they indicate smooth shearing on their respective fault surfaces. The inclination of the shear surfaces is generally nearly vertical, except near the south end of the Superstition Hills fault zone where two strands dip northeastward at about 70°. Surface displacement on these strands is right reverse.

Another kind of deformation, superimposed on the fault displacements, has been recorded at all quadrilateral sites. It consists of a northwest-southeast contraction or component of contraction that ranged from 0 to 0.1 per cent of the quadrilateral lengths between November 1987 and April 1988.
Displacement approach for generalized Rayleigh waves in layered solid-fluid media
Authors: Tan H. H.
Published: July 2021

A finite-element method for the propagation of Rayleigh-type waves in layered solid-fluid media is presented. The method uses displacement as the only parameter to describe the solid and the fluid motions. A penalty function method and a selective integration technique are employed to change the elastic coefficient matrix of fluid from singular to nonsingular. Results obtained from the proposed method agree well with those obtained from available analytical solutions. The method can be used to study the propagation of Rayleigh-type waves in a two-dimensional, irregular solid-fluid system.
Pre-S observations at station SLK, NW of Long Valley caldera, California, and their relation to possible magma bodies
Authors: Peppin William A. , Delaplain Thomas W. , Lewis J. Scott
Published: July 2021

The authors describe and catalog 280 observations of a seismic phase taken at the single station SLK, NW of Long Valley caldera. These observations are observed to precede S by a more or less constant 1.6 sec in the distance range 30 to 90 km, and are closely fit by the least-squares line TSLK = (0.2853 ± 0.0009)Δ − (0.9029 ± 0.052). These observations can only be explained in terms of laterally heterogeneous velocity structure near the caldera. The model proposed here—that these so-called “SLK phases” result from an S-to-P conversion across a dipping planar structure NW of the caldera in the vicinity of Inyo Craters—fits not only these observations, but is consistent with the data presented in two recent papers (Luetgert and Mooney, 1985; Zucca et al., 1987). On the other hand, the data presented here are inconsistent with the models proposed by those authors involving deep reflections from magma bodies associated with the caldera. Furthermore, these observations are not related to the magma bodies within the caldera proposed by Sanders (1984), as suggested in previous abstracts. The original vertical-component observations at SLK are supplemented by three-component observations obtained on a small (several hundred meters aperture) array near SLK, which identify the SLK phase unambiguously as having longitudinal particle motion, consistent with the proposal that it is a S-to-P conversion occurring NW of the caldera boundary.
Violence and Hopelessness in the Colombian Novels La Virgen de Los Sicarios and Satanás
Authors: Hartman Alan G.
Published: July 2021

Colombia is a South American nation that has captured the imagination of the world. It is a land of beautiful colonial cities and towns, famous for coffee production, rich emerald mines, and the literature of José Asunción Silva and Gabriel García Márquez. Colombia’s beauty and rich literary history, however, are often overshadowed by the memory of Pablo Escobar, a notorious drug lord, and numerous deadly guerilla groups. Their roles in the international drug trade made Colombia the top producer and exporter of cocaine, which resulted in terrorism and violence that left the country one of the world’s most dangerous.1 In this article, I will explore how violence in Colombia has perpetuated the theme of hopelessness in the nation’s literature beginning in the mid-twentieth century. I will show this in three parts. Firstly, I will trace the history of violence in Colombia through the nineteenth and twentieth centuries and show that a literary genre of violence was absent in the nation until 1946, when the period known as “la Violencia” commenced. Secondly, I will explore how hopelessness resulted from violence in Colombia beginning in the period of “la Violencia.” Thirdly, I will show how violence is depicted as an evil that traps the protagonists of the contemporary Colombian novels La Virgen de Los Sicarios and Satanás in a state of hopelessness due to their powerlessness to truly change themselves because of the frustrated society in which they live.
High-performance thin layer chromatography: A powerful analytical technique in pharmaceutical drug discovery
Authors: Pandhare R B , Kulkarni R N , Deshmukh V K , Mohite P B , Pawar A R
Published: July 2021

HPTLC is an advanced type of planar chromatography used extensively in the recent years for fingerprinting of medicinal plants, products and for screening lichen substances, quantification of active ingredients and herbal drugs, phytochemical and biomedical analysis and also used to check of presence of adulterants in the formulation. It is more sensitive and possible to run more sample in a short period of time, by using small amount of solvent. It is one of the sophisticated instrumental techniques based on the full capabilities of thin layer chromatography. In this paper, a brief discussion of the type of instrument used in HPTLC, its entire approach, and how this procedure is superior to TLC is presented. This article attempts to concentrate on the use of HPTLC by including examples of medications, medicinal drugs, and formulations that have been analyzed using HPTLC.
Recent development in applications of nano-science in incurable diseases: A review
Authors: Favas M Mohammed , Rashid VK Ahammad , Vajid K Abdul , Saheer K Mohamed
Published: July 2021

Cancer is one amongst the key causes of mortality worldwide and advanced techniques for medical aid are desperately required. Hence, the most aim of this review is to supply info regarding the engineering in cancer medical aid. The development of novel nano materials and nanocarriers has allowed a serious drive to boost drug delivery in cancer. The major aim of most nanocarrier application has been to safeguard the drug from speedy degradation when general delivery and permitting it to achieve tumour at therapeutic concentration and avoiding drug delivery to traditional site the maximum amount as attainable to scale back ADRs. Nanotechnology is additionally employed in several incurable diseases like HIV, protozoal infection and Alzheimer apart from cancer. Hence, during this review we tend to target many nanotechnologies and improved ways in nanocarrier style for the cancer in addition as many incurable unwellness therapies.
Giovanni Duns Scoto: Un Teologo Incompreso, un Santo da Riscoprire
Authors: Panaro Antonio
Published: July 2021

Nell’approccio al pensiero di Giovanni Duns Scoto, ci si imbatte in maniera inevitabile con la luminosa testimonianza di vita di un grande santo. Si ha a che fare con “un insieme inseparabile di filosofia, teologia e spiritualità”. Giovanni Duns Scoto, filosofo e teologo del XIII secolo è un autore controverso e originale. Le sue opere in passato hanno avuto più critici e oppositori che sostenitori e discepoli. È un pensatore più moderno di quanto ci si possa immaginare. Non è per niente uno fra i tanti teologi e filosofi del passato, né i suoi scritti servono solo ad impolverare le nostre biblioteche. „Non è un fossile da ammirare, ma è un Maestro vivo e palpitante, pieno di ardore e di preziose intuizioni” di grande attualità. Questo francescano di origine scozzese, nato tra il 1265/66 e morto a Colonia l’8 novembre del 1308 lontano dalla sua patria, è un teologo ed un santo di grande spessore che solo oggi forse possiamo iniziare ad apprezzare.
Medical schools ignore the nature of consciuosness at great cost
Authors: Kumar Anoop
Published: July 2021

The essential question of the relationship between consciousness and matter is ignored in medical school curricula, leading to a machine-like view of the human being that contributes to physician burnout and intellectual dissatisfaction. The evidence suggesting that the brain may not be the seat of consciousness is generally ignored to preserve the worldview of the primacy of matter. By investigating new frameworks detailing the nature of consciousness at different levels of hierarchy, we can bring intellectual rigor to a once opaque subject that supports a fundamental reality about our experience: We are human beings, not only human bodies.
Using of Peer Assisted Learning to Conduct Pre-Training Situational Analysis for Nurse Intern
Authors: Abdel Ra’oof Abed Rabab , Gomma Nada H. , Nasser Asmaa Abdel
Published: July 2021

Background: Clinical placement is the main site for interns’ training, however clinical placement is an uncomfortable and inconvenient environment for learning. Trainees need intelligent conversation with self and others to advance in their careers. In this regard, Peers informally teach each other through discussion. Nowadays, there is an international need and interest in formal peer-assisted learning. Hence, Situational model for curriculum development is a suitable model for training as it is culturally driven and emphasizes context. The research objectives are to apply a situational curricular model, using a peer-assisted learning. In addition, to explore the students’ perception towards peer-assisted learning. Methods: A mixed method quantitative and qualitative design single group post-test design was applied in this study, where all the nursing interns in the current year were selected. Peers conducted orientation sessions to make situational analysis. After that, each intern, with his educational supervisor, develops personal objectives and a development plan. Selection of contents and learning opportunities is the responsibility of interns guided by the general outcomes and list of required competencies during the training year. The last step is assessment and evaluation of performance. Furthermore, interns’ perceptions towards using peers-assisted learning were measured through distribution of self-administered questionnaire, and conduction of focus group with interns. Results: Overall students’ perceptions toward this reform were positive, all means were above four, especially their perception towards Peer Assisted Learning (PAL) as a relaxed and comfortable environment and as a new learning opportunity. Conclusion: Interns found that reform of their training through conducting situational model for training is an effective method, especially when using Peer Assisted Learning (PAL) in its conduction, which, they recommended its implementation to all units’ orientation.
Architecture and Architectural Patterns for Mobile Augmented Reality
Authors: Munro Donald , Calitz Andre , Vogts Dieter
Published: July 2021

A software architecture codifies the design choices of software developers, which defines a modularorganizational spine for the design of a software artefact. Different architectures may bespecified for different types of artefacts, a real-time interactive artefact, for example, wouldhave markedly different requirements to those of a batch based transactional system. The use ofsoftware architecture becomes increasingly important as the complexity ofartefacts increases.
Augmented Reality blends the real world observed through a computerinterface, with a computer generated virtual world. With the advent ofpowerful mobile devices, Mobile Augmented Reality (MAR)applications have become increasingly feasible, however the increased power hasled to increased complexity. Most MAR research has been directed towardstechnologies and not design resulting in a dearth of architecture and design literature for MAR. This research is targeted at addressing this void.
The main requirement that a MAR architecture must meet isidentified as being the efficient real-time processing of data streams such asvideo frames and sensor data. A set of highly parallelised architecturalpatterns are documented within the context of MAR that meet thisrequirement. The contribution of this research is a software architecture, codifiedas architectural patterns, for MAR.
The current state of measuring return on investment in user experience design
Authors: Chawana Trevor , Adebesin Funmi
Published: July 2021

Incorporating user experience (UX) design into system development processes can give an organisation competitive advantage over its rivals. Embedding UX design into system development processes requires investment in skilled professionals, who in turn follow a methodical process to make UX design an integral part of the organisation. Despite the value that can be added by UX design, demonstrating the return on investment (ROI) in UX remains a perennial challenge because of the difficulty associated with explicitly linking UX design with good ROI, to the exclusion of other system development processes. In this paper, we report on the current state of measuring ROI in UX design in a selection of South African organisations. We interviewed 33 UX professionals from four organisations to get insight into how ROI in UX design is measured in their respective organisations. The results showed that some participants were aware of the metrics that could be used to measure ROI in UX design. However, none of the four organisations were specifically calculating ROI in UX. Rather, ROI was being calculated on entire project.
Editorial: Transitions
Authors: Machanick Philip
Published: July 2021

As of June 2022, SACJ will have a new editor-in-chief, Katherine Malan. In this editorial, I give a restrospective on progress with increasing the journal’s standing and visibility since I took over in June 2012.
Present-day breeding of legumes and groat crops in Russia
Authors: Zotikov V. I. , Vilyunov S. D.
Published: July 2021

The production of pedigree seeds is not only an important but also a cost-effective means of increasing the yield and efficiency of agriculture. The genetic potential of varieties can be unlocked only by choosing those adaptive to the soil and climatic conditions in a particular region, using modern tools for plant protection, and applying balanced mineral nutrition. These are the most important factors determining the performance. In the course of breeding and genetic work, the Federal Scientific Center of Legumes and Groat Crops (FSC LGC) has created new soybean varieties, whose high biological and economic potentials are combined with resistance to stress factors. Despite the close relationship between productivity and growing season duration, the highly productive and early-ripening (100–115 days) soybean varieties raised at FSC LGC can yield 2.5 to 3.5 t/ha, the grain having high contents of protein (37–42 %) and fat (18–22 %), depending on the climatic conditions in a particular year of cultivation. They are less temperature-sensitive than other domestic or foreign varieties. It is important that our soybean varieties are not genetically modified. New pea varieties created at FSC LGC in 2015–2020 differ in growing season duration and morphological features. They are adaptable to the soil and climatic conditions of a region, which ensures the maximum realization of their potential. The main factor in increasing yields and stabilizing the production of buckwheat and millet grain in the Russian Federation is the creation and adaption of new earlyripening and high-yielding varieties of the determinate type adapted to the specific natural and climatic conditions of different regions of Russia.
Recent Developments in Alpine Tourism: A Life Cycle Approach
Authors: Tuppen John
Published: July 2021

The article presents recent trends in the tourist economy in the Alpine region. With reference to the development cycle of the tourist product, proposed by Butler, the author claims that the Alpine tourist centres have already reached the maturity stage. Their further development requires active intervention in order to refresh the tourist product. Further in the article, a variety of tourist development strategies have been presented, which might improve the poor condition of many tourist centres in the region under discussion.
Miswriting (Especially Mirror Writing) of the Digits: An Ecological Assessment Using ELFE Data
Authors: Fischer Jean-Paul , Thierry Xavier
Published: July 2021

The French National Cohort of Children Study (Etude Longitudinale Française depuis l'Enfance—ELFE) tested the literacy and numeracy skills of 4- to 5-year-old typically developing children in the second year of école maternelle. Tasks were administered by more than 4,000 teachers at schools across France. One of the study's numeracy tasks required participants to write the number of ducks (up to 5) they had counted. Analyzing the digits written by 14,904 children showed that miswritings were much more common for the digit 3 than for the digit 4. This result is consistent with the right-orienting rule, which young children in Western cultures apply when they do not know a digit's orientation, and which leads them to write, for example, ε instead of 3.The nature and frequency of miswritten digits did not differ significantly between the 466 children presumed to have written with their left hand and the 3,531 children presumed to have written with their right hand. However, a logistic mixed-effects regression showed that two other factors—age of entry to école maternelle and very early smartphone use—had a (modest) influence on the percentage of digits that were miswritten.
Leitfaden zur energetischen Ertüchtigung von Bestandsfenstern und Gläsern in historischer Bausubstanz als Beitrag zum Klimaschutz
Authors: Bellendorf Paul , Tenschert Ruth , Schmölder Alexandra , Lenz Katrin , Kilian Ralf , Bichlmaier Stefan , Milch Christine , Jorgji Olivia
Published: July 2021

Deutschland soll bis Mitte des Jahrhunderts klimaneutral werden. Um dies zu erreichen, wird eine konsequente energetische Sanierung von Bestandsgebäuden angestrebt. Daher werden zunehmend auch denkmalgeschützte Gebäude energetisch ertüchtigt, wobei gemäß den denkmalpflegerischen Grundsätzen der Substanzerhalt oberste Priorität haben muss. Dieser Grundsatz steht jedoch im Gegensatz zum staatlich geförderten Fensteraustausch, der sowohl Fensterrahmen als auch Glasscheiben betrifft. Dieser Leitfaden zeigt Lösungen zur energetischen Ertüchtigung historischer Fenster und Verglasungen im Sinne des Denkmalschutzes auf und setzt sie in den Kontext der Ökobilanz.
Sensibilización hacia la discapacidad a través de la simulación en Educación Física.
Authors: Trufero Miguel Laura
Published: July 2021

El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar los cambios producidos en las actitudes hacia la discapacidad en 43 alumnos de 5º de Educación Primaria a través de un programa de simulación en Educación Física. Se utilizó un cuestionario tanto antes como después de la intervención. Los resultados mostraron una mejora de las actitudes en 2 de las 3 dimensiones estudiadas en el cuestionario tanto en niños como en niñas, siendo este cambio estadísticamente significativo solamente en 1 de las dimensiones en niños. Todos estos resultados coinciden con algunos estudios, pero difieren de otros, haciéndose necesaria la existencia de un mayor número de estudios de este tipo para poder probar ampliamente la eficacia de estas intervenciones.
Palabra de maestro. Análisis del léxico disponible en los futuros docentes.
Authors: Arroyo Martínez Laura
Published: July 2021

Reseña crítica (Recensión) de la obra Palabra de maestro. Análisis del léxico disponible en los futuros docentes
Do conflito de legitimidade ativa entre a Ação Popular Ambiental e a Constituição Federal de 1988
Authors: Uszkurat Stefan , Vanzela Luiz Sérgio , Américo-Pinheiro Juliana Heloisa Pinê , Mansano Cleber Fernando Menegasso
Published: July 2021

Restou demonstrado que, ao contrário do que dispõe o art. 1º, parágrafo 3º da Lei 4.717/65, que regulamenta a ação popular, nossa Carta Política de 1988, ao prevê-la como instrumento de preservação ambiental, conferiu legitimidade a qualquer cidadão, não restringindo o legislador constituinte ao cidadão eleitor. Foram analisadas a legislação pertinente e doutrina especializada, além de pesquisa do posicionamento contemporâneo de nossos tribunais superiores. Foi desenvolvido um caminho próprio de interpretação e aplicação da norma legal quanto à legitimidade ativa para propor ação popular à luz da Magna Carta. Desta forma, foi possível verificar a necessidade de o Supremo Tribunal Federal (STF) declarar, em ação própria, a não recepção da norma infraconstitucional, posto que, além de estar em desacordo com a ordem constitucional vigente e que lhe é posterior, cria obstáculo indesejável à proteção mais eficaz do meio ambiente.
História e marco legal de um projeto de assentamento agroextrativista na Amazônia Oriental, Brasil
Authors: Dos Anjos da Silva Valdecy , Lima da Silva Alanna do Socorro , Alves Helionora da Silva , Almeida Vieira Thiago
Published: July 2021

Este artigo discute sobre o surgimento da Região do Eixo Forte e sua caminhada até se tornar Projeto de Assentamento Agroextrativista na área rural do município de Santarém, Amazônia brasileira, com o objetivo de descrever como se deu seu processo de criação, contextualizando com o marco legal brasileiro e enfatizando, ainda, a contribuição do assentamento para função socioambiental da terra. A metodologia utilizada foi apoiada por levantamento bibliográfico e pesquisa documental. Assim, espera-se que este estudo possa contribuir para o conhecimento sobre a região do Eixo Forte, até a criação do assentamento e seus aspectos de construção legal, servindo de registro científico da história de organização dos assentados para a criação e proteção dessas terras.
MATERNAL OBESITY INCREASES RISK OF PREECLAMPSIA AND DIABETES MELLITUS
Authors: Kahayani Naura Ega , Tri Joewono Hermanto , Wironegoro Rio
Published: July 2021

Background: Obesity in pregnant women has been linked to negative outcomes for both the mother and the fetus. Gestational diabetes, preeclampsia, and postpartum haemorrhage are all threats for mothers during pregnancy. These may also affect labor outcomes because fat accumulation in the pelvis makes obese pregnant women more likely to have a caesarean section. Objective: To analyze the outcome of maternal obesity in pregnancy in 2017. Materials and Methods: This was an analytic cross-sectional, observational study in pregnant women with obesity in Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia, within the period of January 1st – December 31st 2017 using medical records. Sample size was determined using cross-sectional sample size calculation with the result of n=162. After receiving approval of ethical clearance, medical records were collected and analyzed. The statistical analysis was done using chi-square test. Results: From a total of 162 subjects, most of the patients were 21-34 y/o (56.8%), under graduate (90.7%) and 58% of the subjects worked. Proportion of grade I, II and III were 60.5%, 22.2%, and 17.3%, and 67% suffered from complications such as PE, DM, PE with DM with percentages as follows: 56.2%, 4.9%, and 6.2%. Neonatal complications were preterm 42.6%, macrosomia 4.3%, stillbirth 4.9%, and low Apgar score 48.1%. No association was identified between maternal age and complications in grade I (p=0.764) and grade III (p=0.716). Obesity grades I and III had correlation with complications (p=0.035). Conclusion: No significant association was found between age and complications in grade III obesity, while there was significant correlation between obesity levels (grade I and grade III) and complications.
CORRELATION BETWEEN THE INITIAL-SURGERY AGE WITH THE HIRSCHSPRUNG’S DISEASE PATIENT STOOLING PATTERNS IN ULIN HOSPITAL BANJARMASIN, SOUTH KALIMANTAN, INDONESIA IN 2012-2015
Authors: Poerwosusanta Elvira Esmeralda , Hariastawa IGB Adria , Setiawan Ariandi , Sulistiawati Sulistiawati , Ary Wibowo Agung
Published: July 2021

Background: Hirschsprung's disease may lead to gastrointestinal obstruction if not appropriately treated. The initial-surgery or colostomy is intended to decompress the large bowel, prevent enterocolitis, and the stooling-patterns can be measured after definitive surgery. Objective: To determine the correlation between initial-surgery age with stooling-patterns. Materials and Methods: We performed an analytic observational study in Ulin Hospital in Banjarmasin, South Kalimantan, Indonesia, from November to December 2015 with a total sample of 31 patients. The initial-surgery age was divided into before and after 30 days, while the stooling-patterns were divided into satisfied and not satisfied. Results: There was no significant correlation between initial-surgery age with stooling patterns. Most of the patients, 18/31 (58.1%), underwent initial-surgery after 30 days, and 23/31 (74.2%) had satisfied stooling patterns after surgery. Conclusion: No significant correlation between initial-surgery age and stooling patterns among Hirschsprung's disease patients.
Pengenalan Budidaya Sayuran Hidroponik dan Pembuatan Pupuk Organik Fermentasi pada Kelompok Tani di Kecamatan Pelaihari
Authors: Saputra Riza Adrianoor
Published: July 2021

Agricultural technology with a hydroponic system is an alternative in the use of narrow land to increase the availability of vegetables to be fulfilled in Pelaihari Sub-District, Tanah Laut Regency. Most of the land in Pelaihari District has a low level of fertility and the lack of knowledge of farmers in increasing soil fertility. Therefore, efforts to increase soil fertility are needed through counseling and training in the manufacture of fermented organic fertilizers made from agricultural waste, it is hoped that fertility will increase and agricultural waste can be utilized. This activities uses lecture methods, discussions and direct practice in the field based on the results of initial observations as the basis for determining the level of understanding and insight of farmers.  Before the extension activities were carried out, a list of questions (questionnaires) was distributed and after the activity was completed, this list of questions was distributed again. Community service activities in the form of counseling and training on hydroponic system vegetable cultivation and the manufacture of fermented organic fertilizers. Based on the results of the pre-instruction and post-training questionnaires, it was found that an increase in the knowledge of activity participants was 12.73%. The hydroponic system used in this community service is a wick system and also a technique for making fermented organic fertilizer (bokashi) made from agricultural waste and livestock waste.
Inventory and Identification of Arthropods on Dates (Phoenix dactylifera L.)
Authors: Pramudi M. Indar , Baserah Baserah , Rosa Helda Orbani
Published: July 2021

Dates (Phoenix dactylifera L.) belong to the Arecaceae family of palms. Banjarbaru is one of the areas that started planting date palms in South Kalimantan. The community's knowledge of date pests still lacks. Therefore it becomes a problem for farmers. Before proper control is carried out, it is necessary to understand the types of pests first. Arthropod data on date palms at the Plantation and Livestock Service Office of South Kalimantan Province are not available. Hence, it is necessary to conduct inventory research and arthropod identification. This study aimed to determine the types of arthropods in date palms (P. dactylifera L.) in Banjarbaru. The method used was a survey method with purposive sampling carried out by collecting arthropods using swing nets, yellow sticky traps, and directly from four different locations. The field observations at four locations found 43 types of arthropods totaling 98 individuals. Twenty arthropods act as pests, 13 individuals as pollinators, and 10 individuals as predators. The arthropods were classified into ten orders and 27 families, with the largest number of individuals coming from the Lepidoptera order.