bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Iraqi National Energy Strategy for Oil and Gas Production: Analysis of Challenges
Authors:   Southern Federal University, Makarenya Tatiana A. , Hussein Obaidi Ahmed Ibrahim ,   Southern Federal University
Published: April 2023

In this article, Authors try to analyze to limit the range of points that we will be exposed to within the limits of the possibility of implementing programs productivity and export. The effects of development associated with execution of Iraqi energy strategy. And it will be exposure, in this field, to explain Internal and External Challenges. Internal Challenges classified in two directions. A first one relates to the expected development of the Oil Infrastructure and its adequacy to implement the elements of the production/export strategy. A second one relates to the consequences of Energy policies and public policies in the possibility of achieving economic diversification or not. An External Challenge related to the ability or possibility of marketing the quantities of oil to be exported from Iraq in light of the balance Global supply and demand for energy and the role of Iraq in the Petroleum Exporting Countries Organization – OPEC.
Noise Reduction from Vertical-Component Seismograms Recorded by Broadband Ocean-Bottom Seismometers Deployed at the Western Pacific
Authors: Kawano Yuki , Isse Takehi , Kawakatsu Hitoshi , Shiobara Hajime , Takeuchi Nozomu , Sugioka Hiroko , Kim YoungHee , Utada Hisashi , Lee Sang-Mook
Published: April 2023

We modified existing methods of noise reduction to data recorded by Japanese broadband ocean-bottom seismometers (BBOBSs) deployed on the western Pacific seafloor conducted as the Oldest-1 Array observation. We removed the tilt and compliance noise that are dominant in low-frequency seismograms. We estimated the noise transfer function from the horizontal- to vertical-component seismograms to remove tilt noise from the vertical component. Throughout the observation period of about one year, the tilt noise transfer function was time-invariant and in phase at low frequencies (<0.06 Hz), which, in contrast to previous studies, enabled us to apply a constant transfer function and to estimate the tilt of the sensor. We estimated the noise transfer function from the pressure- to the vertical-component records and removed the compliance noise in the frequency range of 0.002–0.02 Hz. As a result of tilt and compliance noise removal, noise levels were reduced by up to 20 dB at frequencies below 0.03 Hz. We show that tilt noise reduction using the constant transfer function is appropriate for Japanese BBOBSs equipped with the CMG-3T sensor. Tilt angles of Oldest-1 Array are estimated as 0.3°–1.1° and maximum tilt directions are along the H1 component of the sensor, which are attributed to the architecture of the CMG-3T sensor.
Effects of explosion depth and earth structure on the excitation ofLgwaves:S*revisited
Authors: Vogfjörd Kristín S.
Published: April 2023

Effects of explosion depth in 1D velocity structure on the amplitude and character of Lg are examined. For shallow spherical explosions, the S* wave can be a significant contributor to Lg. Its amplitude, however, decays exponentially with source depth, and for that reason, S* has usually been dismissed as insignificant for all but the shallowest source depths. However, the radiation pattern of S* has a narrow peak (<10°) at φd = sin−1(β/α)surface, where amplitudes are larger than in the original P wave. The width and amplitude of this peak also decrease with increasing source depth, but amplitudes at frequencies in the ∼1-Hz range remain significant for depths to at least 1 km. In favorable velocity structures, where αsurface ≦ βmantle, the radiation peak is trapped in the crust and S* in Lg can dominate seismograms from spherical explosions at depths down to 1 km. In such structures, the character of Lg may also be determined by whether the radiation peak ends up as turning waves or Moho reflections. Decoupled nuclear explosions may be most spherical-explosion-like, and the characteristics of S*-dominated Lg may be representative of observations from decoupled explosions, thus possibly providing a way of discriminating them from other shallow sources.
Constructing absorbing boundary conditions from prescribed elastic-wave incidences
Authors: Zhou Jianwei , Saffari Nader
Published: April 2023

New absorbing boundary conditions for numerical modeling of elastic-wave propagation and scattering are constructed in terms of six prescribed wave incidences. By further constraining these prescribed incidences, we derive three types of absorbing boundary conditions all in the form of a simple second-order differential equation. These conditions have different effectiveness in absorbing compressional and shear incident waves.
Vulnerables en la educación secundaria no obligatoria
Authors: Gómez-Jarabo Inmaculada , Sánchez Delgado Primitivo
Published: April 2023

Estudiantes de todas las condiciones fracasan en el sistema educativo, pero el abandono temprano es más frecuente en estudiantes vulnerables. En el presente artículo se debate acerca de la situación de estos estudiantes y se presentan algunos de los resultados más relevantes de un proyecto competitivo de I+D+i. En la investigación se empleó una metodología cualitativa, basada en la realización de entrevistas y grupos de discusión. Este artículo aborda un aspecto que ha destacado especialmente en la investigación: la fuerte motivación que los estudiantes vulnerables muestran para superar todas las dificultades a las que se enfrentan en su vida personal y escolar. Además, analiza los beneficios que los estudiantes vulnerables proporcionan a su clase, los apoyos que pueden requerir y la preparación del profesorado para dar respuesta a las necesidades de estos estudiantes. Por último, se sugieren acciones para profesionales, destacando la formación y actualización docente.
Aprendizaje al servicio de la motivación
Authors: Echauri-Galván Bruno
Published: April 2023

El presente estudio se construye sobre una experiencia real de aprendizaje-servicio en una asignatura de traducción a nivel de grado, y busca analizar el impacto de dicha metodología en la motivación del alumnado de esta disciplina, así como identificar los principales disparadores motivacionales que genera. Para ello, la investigación se divide en dos vertientes, una cuantitativa y otra cualitativa, articuladas a partir de dos mecanismos complementarios de recogida de datos: un cuestionario a los y las participantes en el proyecto y un grupo de discusión reducido con algunos de ellos. Al primero respondieron 28 discentes de 33 posibles, mientras que el grupo de debate posterior estuvo formado por cinco estudiantes de la asignatura. Los resultados indican que el aprendizaje-servicio es una herramienta que potencia la motivación general del alumnado de traducción y que lo hace, además, en distintos planos: académico, personal, profesional y comunitario.
¿Emprender, postular u opositar? Expectativas y preferencias laborales de los docentes en formación de la Universidad de Jaén
Authors: Morales Valero Manuel , Amber Montes Diana
Published: April 2023

El propósito del presente estudio es el de analizar las expectativas y preferencias laborales, así como la disposición al emprendimiento El propósito del presente estudio es el de analizar las expectativas y preferencias laborales, así como la disposición al emprendimiento del estudiantado de nuevo ingreso del Grado en Educación Primaria de la Universidad de Jaén (España). Utilizamos una metodología mixta, cualitativa y cuantitativa, sobre una población de 646 personas y una selección muestral del 53,56%. Encontramos que se prefiere trabajar en lo público, o emprender, antes que en la red no estatal, siendo coherentes las expectativas con las preferencias declaradas. Con respecto a la disposición al emprendimiento esta es de prácticamente la mitad de la muestra, si bien, es mayor entre el alumnado que prefiere trabajar en el sector estatal. Detrás de estos resultados se encuentra una serie de determinantes laborales, ideológicos y personales, pudiendo estar involucrada la clase social. Igualmente, se determina la necesidad de potenciar la competencia emprendedora en tanto variable clave para mejorar la disposición al emprendimiento. Concluimos afirmando la reciprocidad entre las preferencias declaradas y las expectativas depositadas. Igualmente, la expectativa de trabajo, así como la disposición al emprendimiento es más negativa entre el alumnado cuya preferencia laboral es la red no estatal.
Estereotipos de género y educación infantil
Authors: Gómez Estañ Ángela , Ponce Gea Ana Isabel
Published: April 2023

El presente estudio tiene como objetivo determinar los estereotipos de género en el alumnado de 3 y 4 años de Educación Infantil, considerando la relación entre el ámbito familiar y el educativo, concretamente, a través del juego. Usando una metodología con enfoque mixto, cuantitativo y cualitativo, se lleva a cabo un estudio con 16 niñas y niños, considerando para los mismos alumnos el contexto familiar y educativo, según la percepción de los propios participantes. En este sentido, y utilizando cuatro instrumentos de recogida de información, realizamos un análisis sobre las diferencias de género en los discursos iconográficos del alumnado, sus comportamientos y relaciones, y su desarrollo del juego. Los resultados muestran estereotipos en el ámbito familiar que se reproducen en el juego del alumnado. Así, la escuela continúa teniendo una tarea pendiente para constituir un espacio realmente coeducativo y propulsor de la igualdad.
Análisis lingüístico de dos guías de coeducación
Authors: Goicoechea Gaona María Ángeles , Goicoechea Gaona María Victoria
Published: April 2023

La variedad de guías presentes en el ámbito educativo motiva nuestro interés por el estudio, particularmente las de coeducación. En primer lugar, caracterizaremos el género textual estudiado. A continuación, examinaremos los contenidos de dos guías y el tratamiento del lenguaje. Es decir, las formas lingüísticas mediante las que son transmitidos los contenidos: cuáles son los tipos discursivos que conforman las guías y cómo se articulan las voces y las modalizaciones. Los contenidos son formulados mediante la voz neutra propia de los textos académicos con fuerte presencia de las voces de las autoras. Se documenta el empleo de formas gramaticales de femenino en contraposición al uso, habitual en nuestra sociedad, del masculino genérico. En las guías analizadas predomina el tipo discurso teórico, que se alterna con segmentos de discurso interactivo. Consideramos que este último hace posible la finalidad social de este tipo de documentos, mover a la acción e implicar a las personas destinatarias.
Presentación
Authors: Andrés Cabello Sergio , Bernad Cavero Olga
Published: April 2023

MONOGRÁFICO
“SOSTENIBILIDAD, OBJETIVOS DE DESARROLLO SOSTENIBLE  Y EDUCACIÓN”
PRESENTACIÓN
Comparative evaluation of linear dimensional accuracy of impressions made with different elastomeric impression materials (Polyether and Polyvinyl siloxane) in angulated and parallel implants-An invitro study
Authors: Paul Nirupam , Barman Jogeswar , Goswami Barasha
Published: April 2023

To date no technique has been proven to guarantee a completely passive fit of implant supported prosthesis framework. Several clinical variables such as angulation of implants, impression material and technique used may affect the precision of impressions. Hence, this study is designed to evaluate and compare the dimensional accuracy of the resultant casts made from open tray implant level impressions with two different impression materials (polyvinyl siloxane and polyether) in parallel and angulated implants.

The study consisted of two control groups; master model –1with parallel implants and master model –2 with angulated implants. From master model 1and master model 2, total 40 implant level open tray impressions were made using PVS and polyether impression material and impressions were poured to obtain 40 study casts. The resultant casts were divided into 4 groups (10 casts in each group), according to the impression material used (PVS or Polyether) and implant’s orientation (parallel or angulated) in the casts. All casts were evaluated for the positional accuracy of the implant by using four reference distances with the help of a profile projector. These measurements were compared to the measurements calculated on the master model, which served as a control. The variations of the mean distance values with respective control values within a group were analyzed with one samples’ t’ test at 0.05 significance level. Further the mean distance variations between the groups were analyzed with independent samples ‘t’ test to evaluate group mean variations.

The impressions made in the presence of angulated implants were significantly less accurate than the ones made with parallel implants. Regarding impression material the tested polyether resulted advantageous over polivinylsiloxane impression material in terms of recording positional accuracy of implants.
Phase I therapy in periodontics and periodontal regeneration: Gate to success in dentistry- A review
Authors: Parihar Shikha , Grover Deepak , Goel Viniti , Bala Deepak , Arora Karandeep Singh
Published: April 2023

Periodontal disease is a multifactorial inflammatory condition comprising of a complex interaction between pathogenic bacteria, environmental and acquired factors and host related factors. It is well known that to achieve successful result one must focus on eliminating the cause of disease. In this review we will be discussing most important phase in dental treatment i.e Phase I therapy because the basis of any dental problem ever seen is primarily or secondarily due To “Plaque” Hence Pahse-I Therapy.

Scaling and root planning (SRP) is a conventional, non-invasive periodontal therapy and when used alone or as adjunct with other non-surgical therapeutic modalities have shown a great success in dental procedures.
A giant peripheral ossifying fibroma-A case report
Authors: Sherkhane Manisha Tanaji , Kizhakethodikayil Antu , Pekkodath Bindu , Devraj Divya Kallanchira , Thomas Lidiya , Kumar Nileena R
Published: April 2023

Peripheral ossifying fibroma (POF) is a reactive lesion of the gingiva which predominantly affects women and is usually found anterior to the maxillary molars. POF is usually a fibroma of the gingiva which shows some areas of calcification or ossification. According to literature, POF is a separate clinical entity rather than a transitional form of pyogenic granuloma or irritation fibroma. Surgical excision is the treatment of choice for POF, though the recurrence has been reported in many cases. We present a case of large POF arising from alveolar mucosa in left maxillary edentulous region in 57 years old female patient.
Comparison of anesthetic and analgesic effect of isobaric 0.5% ropivacaine versus levobupivacaine with fentanyl as adjuvant in lower limb surgeries under spinal anesthesia- a randomized double-blind, interventional study
Authors: Rathod Sampat , Das Chetali , Jain Trishala
Published: April 2023

Background: Spinal anesthesia is a widely used technique for lower abdomen and lower limb surgeries. We used opioids as an adjuvant to attain a dense block and increase the duration of surgery. The purpose of the study is to compare the anesthetic and analgesic effects of intrathecal isobaric 0.5% ropivacaine-fentanyl versus isobaric 0.5% levobupivacaine-fentanyl in patients undergoing lower limb surgeries. Material and methods: This prospective randomized double-blind interventional study was carried out in ASA I and II, aged 18 to 60 years. Injection Isobaric ropivacaine (0.5%) 2.5 ml with injection fentanyl 0.5 ml (25 μg) intrathecally in group A (n=30) and Inj. Isobaric levobupivacaine isobaric (0.5%) 2.5 ml with injection fentanyl 0.5 ml (25 μg) intrathecally in group B (n=30) was used. The sealed envelope method was used for group allocation. Results: Both groups' demographic and hemodynamic data were comparable. There was a faster onset of sensory and motor block in the levobupivacaine group than in the ropivacaine group with fentanyl, and the result was statistically significant. (P value <0.001). Two-segment regression mean time was statistically significant between groups (P value > 0.008). Sensory and motor block durations were shorter in the ropivacaine than in the levobupivacaine with the fentanyl group. There is a statistically significant difference between the two groups' time to first-dose rescue analgesia. Conclusion: We deduce in our study that using intrathecal 2.5 ml of 0.5% ropivacaine with 0.5ml fentanyl (25 micrograms) helps in early ambulation and can be used in day-care lower limb surgeries when compared with levobupivacaine.
Prediction of postspinal hypotension in elective caesarean section: An observational study
Authors: Chauhan Kanchan , N Poornima , Rao Kshama , Nagar Anupama
Published: April 2023

Objectives: Spinal anaesthesia is the most preferred method of anaesthesia for a caesarean section. The frequent complication of the subarachnoid block is hypotension. This study aimed to find out the association of pre-operative heart rate with post-spinal hypotension. Materials and Methods: A total of 100 pregnant patients, ASA physical status І and ІІ, aged between 20-35 years, undergoing elective caesarean section, under spinal anaesthesia. The patient’s baseline heart rate, Systolic blood pressure, Diastolic blood pressure, Mean arterial pressure, and SPO2 were noted. Incidence of hypotension and mephentermine requirement following spinal anaesthesia noted. Results: Fifty-seven out of 100 patients developed hypotension (57.0%) of whom 48 were in the subgroup with HR >90bpm (67.0%) and 09 patients were in the group with HR < 90bpm (31.0%). The baseline heart rate was statistically significant with a p-value of 0.001. The average dose of mephentermine required to correct hypotension was 9.47±4.8 mg. Conclusion: Baseline heart rate is a promising predictor of postspinal hypotension in obstetric patients undergoing elective caesarean section.
José Revueltas y el origen del espartaquismo en México (1960-1963)
Authors: Herrera Valle Victoria Citlalmina
Published: April 2023

El estudio del comunismo y del marxismo en México ha experimentado recientemente una revaloración; sin embargo, los comunismos locales, las corrientes alternas e incluso los intelectuales y militantes siguen en espera de análisis académicos. En ese sentido, este artículo se enfoca en una etapa de la vida y obra de José Revueltas en función de la vertiente del comunismo nacional que él mismo fundó: el espartaquismo. Pretendo analizar la “etapa espartaquista” del escritor, es decir, la actividad teórica y política que realizó a finales de la década de 1950 e inicios de la siguiente. Aquí, argumento que la lectura que Revueltas efectuó sobre algunos acontecimientos de relevancia política del periodo y su propia experiencia como comunista orientaron su ideario en contra del comunismo estalinista, razones que lo impulsaron a fundar el espartaquismo.
ANALYSIS OF FRACTION EFFICIENCY OF GALLERIA MELLONELLA L. WASTE PRODUCTS UNDER EXPERIMENTAL STRESS
Authors:   Udmurt Federal Research Center, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Osokina A.S. , Gushchin A.V. ,   OOO "M-Technology", Mikheeva E.A. ,   FSBEI HE Izhevsk State Agricultural Academy
Published: April 2023

The aim of the research was to study the stress level in terms of parametres of peripheral blood and histology of the internal organs of mice when using various fractions of the extract based on waste products of Galleria mellonella L. For the experiment, three groups of laboratory mice were formed according to the principle of analogue pairs (n=5). An extract of the light fraction of waste products and a 40% alcohol solution (control) were administered transdermally through the skin of the tail of mice every other day for 30 days at a dose of 5 μl. Method of experimental modeling of general hyperthermia was chosen for the experiment. Statistically significant differences in leukocyte formula indexes of mice in the experimental group of light fraction of waste products of G. mellonella larvae were found compared with the control. The sum of young and rod-shaped neutrophils in the control group is greater than the same parametre in the experimental group, which indicates stimulation of neutrophil production in the control group of mice, this is usually associated with pathological processes in the body. The obtained data show reactivity and mobilization of body defenses of mice under the influence of a light fraction of the waste products of G. mellonella larvae, and therefore, stress resistance increases. A decrease of fascicular zone occurs in case of transdermal administration of light fraction solution, which can lead to a decrease of secretion of glucocorticoids. The obtained results are the basis for further laboratory and theoretical studies of the light fraction as an adaptogenic agent in animal husbandry in order to improve productive qualities of animals.
EXTERIOR ASSESSMENT OF SERVICING BULLS OF SIMMENTAL BREED AND THEIR OFFERINGS
Authors:   FSBEI HE Ulyanovsk SAU, Katmakov P.S. , Anisimova E.I. ,   2FSBSI " Federal Agricultural Research Center of the South-East ", Bushov A.V. ,   FSBEI HE Ulyanovsk SAU
Published: April 2023

The studies were carried out in the breeding herd of purebred Simmental cattle of SPK Abodimovskiy of Saratov region, which is characterized by stable parametres of milk productivity. Methods generally accepted in zootechnics were used for the research. Exterior and constitution of the animals were assessed visually, as well as by taking main body measurements and calculating body build indexes. The paper presents results of assessment of purebred Simmental servicing bulls of milk-meat type, belonging to Florian 374 line, by exterior and constitution of the offspring. The estimated bulls have a conformation score of 91 and 94 points. Comparison of bulls by exterior measurements taken at the age of 18 months shows that Coral 4067 bull is significantly superior to Record 306 bull in terms of depth, width, circumference of chest (by 12.8; 9.6; 6.3%), as well as pelvic-thoracic and blockiness indexes (by 5.6 and 6.3%). In order to determine the nature of bulls’ transmission of their conformation features (body shape) to descendants and compare them with each other in terms of conformation and constitution, body measures of the descendants of the evaluated bulls (castrated bulls and heifers) at 6, 12 and 18 months of age were taken and body indexes were calculated. It was established that the offsprings (castrated bulls and heifers) of Coral 4067 bull differ from the offsprings of Record 306 bull in larger exterior measurements and especially in wide, deep and voluminous chest, i.e. they have a declination towards Eirison type, like their father. Castrated bulls - the descendants of Coral 4067 bull at the age of 18 months had superiority over the descendants of Record 306 bull in terms of width, depth and girth of the chest by 4.33; 2.51 and 3.25%, and heifers, respectively, by 2.30; 1.78 and 2.17%. According to the indexes of blockiness, chest index and massiveness, their superiority was 3.5; 1.2; 10.8% and 2.1; 1.2 and 6.5%, respectively.
EVALUATION OF SERVICING BULLS BY MEAT PRODUCTIVITY OF THEIR OFFSPRING
Authors:   National Research Mordovian State University named after N.P. Ogarev, Tishkina T. N. , Velmatov A. P. ,   National Research Mordovian State University named after N.P. Ogarev, Tishkina . A. F ,   FSBEI HE "Moscow Polytechnic University"
Published: April 2023

The paper presents data on evaluation of five bulls of ReflectionSovering 198998 and Vis Back Idial1013415 lines of the Holstein breed according to meat productivity of their offspring. The studies were carried out at OOO SP "Bogdanovskoye" of the Republic of Mordovia. To solve the problem, five groups of bull-calves from different bulls with 87.5% Holstein heredity in the genotype were formed on the farm. Each group contained 15 animals. As for live weight, the sons of Aimaks 4524 and Mickey 11692064 bulls of Vis Back Idial line were the best. They reached live weight of 499-501 kg by the age of 18 months. The sons of Aimaks 4524 are superior to their peers obtained from the bulls of Benedict 5401, Surprise 980 and Udaloy 76140075 by 16-24 kg (P ≥ 0.95; P ≥ 0.99, P ≥ 0.999). The best parametres of meat productivity were obtained from the sons of the bulls Aimaks 4524 and Mickey 11692064 of Vis Back Idial 1013415 line, carcasses with a weight of 276-278 kg, a slaughter yield of 58.61-58.74%, and a meat index of 4.11-4.27 were obtained. In a comprehensive analysis, namely, in terms of average daily gain of live weight (859-862 g), feed consumption per unit of production (7.64-7.68 k. units) and meat productivity of sons, servicing bulls Aimaks4524 and Mickey 11692064 have the best parametres. It is possible to get young animals with a high growth rate, low feed costs per unit of production, and additionally get 16-18 kg of meat from each animal in case of wide usage of these servicing bulls on breeding and commercial farms.
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND NUTRITIONAL VALUE OF MEAT OF DIFFERENT GENOTYPES OF STURGEON IN INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION
Authors:   FSBEI HE ", Basonov O.A. ,   Nizhny Novgorod State Agricultural Academy", Sudakova A.V. ,   FSBEI HE "Nizhny Novgorod State Agricultural Academy"
Published: April 2023

The paper presents results of studies of nutritional and biological value of sturgeon of different genotypes. Experimental studies were carried out at OOO "Mulinskiy fish farm" of Nizhny Novgorod region in 2021. The object of the study was sturgeon of various genotypes (Russian sturgeon, Siberian sturgeon, hybrids of Russian sturgeon with Siberian and hybrids of Siberian sturgeon with Russian species). Chemical composition of fish meat in industrial production (percentage of moisture, protein, fat and ash) was determined. It was established that the hybrids of Russian sturgeon with Siberian species have the highest parametres of commercial (61.1 cm) and total length (76.2 cm), according to the size and mass characteristics of sturgeon at the age of two years, and the hybrids of Siberian sturgeon with Russian exceeded all other groups in terms of total body weight (2173 g), therefore, heterotic effect appeared, i.e. the ability of hybrids of the first generation to surpass parental forms in viability, fertility and other characteristics. It was shown that under the same conditions of keeping and feeding of sturgeons of different genotypes, pure species of Russian sturgeon occupy a predominant position in terms of protein and fat content - 26.43% and 8.18%, respectively. As for moisture and ash content, hybrids of Russian with Siberian - 73.77 and 0.61% and Siberian with Russian - 72.6 and 0.66% are ahead of their peers. Conclusions are drawn about the quality of meat and its value in nutritional aspect. Statistical processing of data from scientific and economic studies was carried out according to generally accepted formulae of variation statistics using Microsoft Excel programs.
THEORETICAL SUBSTANTIATION OF CAVITATION WEAR INTENSITY REDUCTION OF CYLINDER SLEEVE WALLS BY APPLICATION OF ANTI-CAVITATION COATING
Authors:   FSBEI HE Ulyanovsk SAU, Salakhutdinov I. R. , Glushchenko A. A. ,   2Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education Ulyanovsk State University, Khokhlov A. L. ,   FSBEI HE Ulyanovsk SAU
Published: April 2023

One of the ways to increase service life of internal combustion engines is to reduce cavitation wear intensity of the outer wall of the cylinder sleeves. The most promising, at present, method is application of anti-cavitation coating on the outer surface of the cylinder sleeve. The aim of the research was to establish theoretical dependencies that allow to substantiate the properties and thickness of the anti-cavitation material applied to the outer wall of the cylinder sleeve. Theoretical studies of cavitation wear intensity along the destruction depth of the cylinder sleeve wall established that when choosing cavitation-resistant materials, it is necessary to have regard to material structure and give preference to those materials that are characterized by high resistance to microvolumes of plastic deformation under microshock action and are capable of withstanding operating modes over a wide temperature range. The materials of the polytetrafluoroethylene group - fluoroplasts - most fully meet these requirements. Studies of the fluoroplastic coating applied to the outer wall of the cylinder sleeve, using the obtained theoretical dependencies, showed that the minimum wear rate of the cylinder sleeve of 0.0006 mm3/cycle is achieved with a fluoroplastic coating thickness of the outer surface of the cylinder sleeve with a thickness of 1.8 mm. In this case, the difference in heating of a typical sleeve and a sleeve with a fluoroplastic coating with an increase of the heating temperature of the inner wall of the sleeve decreases from 15% at a temperature of 50 °C to 5.7% at a heating temperature of 150 °C, that is, the application of a fluoroplastic coating on the outer wall of the cylinder sleeve does not lead to a change in the heat stress of the cylinder sleeve and will not affect the heat balance of the internal combustion engine. Thus, the obtained theoretical dependences make it possible to establish and justify not only the properties of the anti-cavitation material, but also the thickness of its application to the outer surface of the cylinder sleeve.
RYE-CONTAINING COMPOUND FEED IN THE RATION OF NURSERY BULL CALVES
Authors:   FSEI HE Chuvash State Agrarian University, Lavrentiev A. Yu. , Mikhailova L.R. ,   FSEI HE Chuvash State Agrarian University, Sherne V.S. ,   OOO “Natural Products of the Volga Region”
Published: April 2023

Grain cereals are the main component of compound feed for animals. Rye occupies a special place among cereal crops as components of animal feed. Rye that is unsuitable for food purposes but quite suitable for feeding of farm animals can be used for compound feed production. It is necessary to substantiate scientifically the norms for rye introduction into compound feed concentrates in order to expand the possibility of its use in feeding of growing bulls and reduce the cost of compound feed. To solve these problems, four groups of growing bulls were formed and 4 recipes for compound feed concentrates with different doses of rye (0, 20, 30, 40%) were developed. The duration of the experiment was 135 days. Group feeding record as conducted daily. The animals were weighed every 30 days in order to know how they grow and develop. To identify the effect of the test grain (rye) on consumption of the main balanced ration, records were kept of the consumed feed and its residues the next day. The composition of the ration was changed every month after the animals were weighed. During the entire scientific and economic experiment, the records of the eaten feed (mixed feed and hay) were kept, and haylage was given to the experimental bulls, depending on edibility. Introduction of 20 to 40% rye in the compound feed does not reduce the balance of the ration of animals in the experiment. Gross weight gain and gain per day of the experimental bull-calves of the first three groups differed insignificantly. Animals from the IV group, which were given compound feed with 40% of rye, were inferior to the control groups by 5.6 kg in total gain, by 43 g in average daily gain. On average, 5.87-6.03 EFU were spent per 1 kg of live weight gain. For the first time, scientifically based norms were developed for rye introduction in compound feed-concentrates for young growing bulls. The influence of the developed feed-concentrates on the intensity of their growth was studied.
BIOLOGICAL PRODUCTS AS A MEANS OF RESTORATION OF BLACK SOIL HEALTH
Authors:   Federal Agricultural Kursk Research Center, Breskina G.M. , Masyutenko N.P. ,   Federal Agricultural Kursk Research Center, Chuyan N.A. ,   Federal Agricultural Kursk Research Center
Published: April 2023

Usage of crop residues as fertilizer leads to soil intoxication and, consequently, to soil health deterioration. Usage of beneficial microorganisms solves this problem. The studies were carried out in 2018-2021 in order to study the effect of Gribofit and Imunazot microbiological products, nitrogen fertilizers, individually and in combination, on phytotoxic effect removal of the soil when plant residues are applied for fertilization in grain crop rotation on typical slightly eroded heavy loamy black soil. The experimental field is located in Kursk region, Medvenskiy district of Panino village. All residues were used for fertilization in all variants of the experiment; nitrogen fertilizers were additionally applied at a dose of 10 kg of a.r. N per 1 ton of straw in the second variant; in the third variant, seeds, soil, crops and straw residues were inoculated with biological products Gribofit and Imunazot; in the fourth variant, combined application of nitrogen fertilizers and biological products as studied. Specification of soil phytotoxicity was carried out according to international standard ISO 11269-2:2012, as a test culture, seeds of radish (Raphanus sativus L.) were used. Application of plant residues for fertilization for four years led to sustainable phytotoxic effect of the soil, reducing seed germination energy of the test crop from 88% to 57%. Usage of Gribofit and Imunazot separately and in combination with nitrogen fertilizers contributes not only to improvement of soil ecological state, but also to its health. Biological products increase seed germination energy of the test culture from 11% to 28% compared to absolute control, depending on the type of plant residues, and index of the assessed factor increases to 1.27. Application of nitrogen fertilizers with cereal straw contributed to low toxicity of class 4. Broad beans have the ability to reduce soil toxicity, but their effect lasts only during the period of crop cultivation.
FIBRE FLAX YIELD AND QUALITY DEPENDING ON INCREASED DOSES OF MINERAL FERTILIZERS
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution ", Gavrilova A. Yu. ,   Federal Scientific Center of Bast Crops", Konova A. M. ,   Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Federal Scientific Center of Bast Crops"
Published: April 2023

The article presents results of a three-year study (from 2019 to 2021) on evaluation of application of various doses of complete mineral fertilizer on fiber flax. The soil of the experimental plot is soddy-podzolic, medium loamy, with a low content of humus, with slightly acidic reaction of the soil medium, a high content of phosphorus and an average content of potassium. The object of the study was a new promising fiber flax variety Phoenix of Smolensk breeding. The purpose of the work was to study the effect of various doses and combinations of mineral fertilizers on yield and quality of seeds and fiber of a new variety of fiber flax. It was established that application of mineral fertilizers for fiber flax significantly increased the yield of seeds (by 80%) and flax straw (by 76%). Maximum yield was observed on variants 333 and 444 (48 - 64 kg a.r./ha of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium). The crop structure and the quality parametres of the obtained products improved under the influence of mineral fertilizers. In particular, a tendency of increase of plant height and the weight of 1000 seeds by 15% in relation to the control up to appropriate variant (N64P64K64 inclusive) was revealed. The number of capsules formed on the plant directly depended on the dose of mineral fertilizer and was maximum when nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium were applied at 112 kg a.r./ha and amounted to 78% compared to the variant without fertilizer. The yield of long flax fiber increased by 112.5% and its yield by 28% in case of increase of the dose of mineral fertilizers (from 90 kg a.r./ha). When using medium and high doses of mineral fertilizers, the fiber had high strength values up to 32.3 kg/s, but its flexibility decreased.
EVALUATION OF YIELD AND ADAPTABILITY OF BREEDING LINES OF WINTER SOFT WHEAT IN THE FOREST-STEPPE OF THE MIDDLE VOLGA REGION
Authors:   FSBEI HE Ulyanovsk SAU, Zakharova N. N. , Isaychev V. A. ,   FSBEI HE Ulyanovsk SAU, Zakharov N. G. ,   FSBEI HE Ulyanovsk SAU
Published: April 2023

Nowadays, breeding for productivity and ecological adaptability are the main directions in breeding of varieties of various agricultural crops. Evaluation of selectable genotypes according to the parameters of ecological adaptability allows to establish the most favorable zones and select suitable technologies for their cultivation. The purpose of the research was to evaluate breeding lines of winter soft wheat by productivity and ecological adaptability in the conditions of the forest-steppe of the Middle Volga region. The material for the research was 10 breeding lines of winter soft wheat of various crossing combinations, the study took place in 2018-2021 as study in competitive and preliminary variety tests. It was found that high yields were observed in breeding lines number 6 (on average for the entire period of research of 4.89 t/ha) and number 32 (5.01 t/ha), which is significantly higher than the yield of Fotinya standard (4.20 t/ha , HCP05 = 0.67 t/ha). Consistently high coefficients of adaptability at the level of 1.0 and above (0.95-1.24) had 4 breeding lines - numbers 6, 7, 10 and 32 in all years of variety testing of winter soft wheat. For cultivation under intensive conditions, breeding lines of winter soft wheat number 6 and 32 are of the greatest value, in semi-intensive - lines number 7, 25 and 62, extensive - lines number 10, 13 and 17. Comprehensive assessment in the breeding process of yield, adaptability of genotypes, including ecological plasticity, contributes to more efficient production usage of the created varieties.
INFLUENCE OF MINERAL COMPOSITION OF SELECTIVE MEDIUM ON FLAX MORPHOGENESIS IN IN VITRO CULTURE
Authors:   FSBSI ", Proletova N. V. ,   Federal Scientific Center of Bast Crops"
Published: April 2023

The studies were carried out on the basis of the laboratory of breeding technologies of Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Federal Scientific Center of Bast Crops" (Tver region) in 2016, 2018, 2021. The purpose of the research is to determine appropriate mineral composition of the selective medium for effective in vitro selection for resistance to anthracnose. Various mineral composition media were studied. It was found that it is possible to use nutrient media Gamborg, MS, SH-2, which do not contain vitamins, chelate complex and phytohormones, in order to obtain cultural filtrates of fungus strains - the causative agent of flax anthracnose. The culture filtrates obtained on the basis of these media were highly toxic and it was possible to use them for in vitro selection. It was noted that the callus formed on the basis of hypocotyl segments had a higher ability for morphogenesis compared to the callus formed on the basis of immature embryos. As for selective medium consisting of mineral salts of Gamborg medium and cultural filtrate, the proportion of formed morphogenic callus was the smallest in all genotypes taken in the study and amounted to 0.1–6.8%. Mineral composition of the selective medium and the morphogenetic potential of the genotype influenced the formation of morphogenic callus based on primary callus. Depending on the genotype, the proportion of morphogenic calli formed on Gamborg medium + CF was 0.1 - 2.2%, on MS medium + CF - 3.3 - 8.0%, on Sh-2 medium + CF - 3.4 – 8.1%, respectively. Mineral composition of the selective medium had no significant effect on formation of morphogenic cells based on transplanted callus. The proportion of morphogenic callus was 3.0–5.2% for Lenok variety; 3.0 - 5.4% - Rosinka; 0.1 - 4.3% - Zaryanka; 3.1 - 5.5% - for L 2053-5-11 line; 6.1 - 7.4% - L 957-8-7. The breeding lines L 2053-5-11 and L 957-8-7 had a high morphogenetic potential.
Exploring the heterogeneous influence of social media usage on human development: The role of carbon emissions and institutional quality
Authors: Vitenu-Sackey Prince Asare
Published: April 2023

Social media has grown in importance as a means of social connection and provides a significant avenue for learning about sustainability and related issues. This study aimed to reveal the long-run heterogeneous relationship between social media usage, institutional quality, carbon emissions and human development. We employ second generation techniques, namely augmented mean group (AMG) and common correlated effects mean group (CCEMG) estimators to ensure that cross-sectional dependence and heterogeneity are captured. In addition, the system generalized method of moments (GMM) dynamic panel data estimator was used to deal with the issue of endogeneity and serial correlation. The analyses were categorized into three: all sample groups, advanced economies, and transition and developing economies. Our findings show that there is a positive relationship between social media usage, institutional quality, carbon emission and human development. However, social media usage in transition and developing economies is more pronounced than in advanced economies and likewise for institutional quality. With regard to carbon emissions, the impacts are symmetric. Overall, the interaction between social media and carbon emissions adversely affects human development, while the interaction between social media and institutional quality proportionally lead to human development. Most importantly, the impact of social media on human development is not economically beneficial and may be more promising in transition and developing countries.
Total Intravenous Anaesthesia with Propofol and Dexmedetomidine for Brachial Plexus Repair with Intraoperative Neuromuscular Monitoring: A Case Series
Authors: Chaudhuri Amartya , Kuttarmare Shital , Bhalerao Pradnya , Kamble Neha
Published: April 2023

Background: Brachial plexus surgery requires neural repair with the use of intraoperative peripheral nerve stimulation without muscle relaxants.
Methods: Twelve cases were conducted under total intravenous anaesthesia, receiving intravenous propofol, fentanyl and dexmedetomidine infusion. Intraoperative hemodynamic conditions and postoperative functional recovery were assessed.
Results: 9 out of 12 cases were stable while one was in a lighter plane requiring 20 mg propofol and increased dexmedetomidine, two had bradycardia requiring reduced dexmedetomidine infusion. At three months, five cases showed improvement.
Conclusion: Satisfactory conditions were achieved including hemodynamic stability, and muscle-sparing improving prognoses of brachial plexus surgeries.
Laboratory Findings and Outcomes of Critically Ill COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Beigmohammadi Mohammad Taghi , Amoozadeh Laya
Published: April 2023

Background: COVID-19 patients have various laboratory findings associated with severe conditions and higher mortality rates. We conducted this study to evaluate the laboratory changes and their effect on the mortality of critically ill patients with COVID 19.
Methods: This cohort study evaluated the laboratory changes in 192 patients admitted to intensive care units of Imam Khomeini hospital complex, Tehran, Iran. The patients with manifestations of severe COVID-19 of both sexes and older than 16 years were enrolled in the study. The primary outcome was the laboratory changes, and the secondary outcome was the death or survival of the patients. The laboratory data were recorded on the admission day, followed daily by the changes and the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR). The laboratory changes of two groups of survived or non-survived patients were compared by chi-square for categorical variables. An independent sample t-test was applied to study the differences between the two groups' continuous variables. Values are shown as mean±SD.
Results: Of all the 192 patients, 123 (64.06%) were male, and 69 (35.93%) were female. The survived group was 86 (44.79%), and the non-survived group was 106 (55.20%). Age (62.31±13.77), sex, and BMI (27.34±4.63) were not significantly different in the two groups (P value= .248, .368, and .444, respectively). NLR, lactate dehydrogenase/lymphocyte (LDH/LYM) ratio were significantly different in the two groups (P value= .000, .004, respectively).
Conclusion: COVID-19 patients have a variety of laboratory findings. NLR and LDH/LYM ratios have a prognostic value in severe COVID-19 patients.
Comparison of the Effect of Propofol and Midazolam on Cognitive Performance in Elderly Patients Undergoing Spinal Anesthesia: A Double-Blind Clinical Trial
Authors: Manouchehrian Nahid , Davoudi Maryam , Kimiaei Asadi Hossein , Daneshkhah Ali , Moradveisi Latif , Jiryaee Nasrin
Published: April 2023

Background: The effects of anesthetics on memory have not yet been completely clear, and there have been some discrepancies on this issue in the literature. This study aimed to compare the effect of two sedatives, Propofol and Midazolam, on the incidence of cognitive dysfunction in elderly patients undergoing spinal anesthesia.
Methods: This double-blind clinical trial was conducted on 136 elderly patients‏ who underwent spinal anesthesia in Besat Hospital, Hamadan, Iran, during 2020-21. The patients were randomly assigned into two groups of Propofol (0.2 mg/kg) and Midazolam (0.02 mg/kg). The Wechsler Memory Scale-III (WMS-III) were utilized to assess the cognitive dysfunction and memory coefficient in the two groups.
Results: There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of short and long-term memory, as well as cognitive dysfunction before and after spinal anesthesia (P>0.05). The time of onset of sedation (Z=-11.11; P<0.005) and recovery from sedation (Z=-10.56; P<0.005) were longer in the Midazolam group, compared to the Propofol group. There were no significant differences between the two groups before and after operation regarding the WMS-III categories (P>0.05). The comparison of the two groups in terms of memory coefficient after operation showed no significant differences between them in this regard (Z=-0.63; P=0.52).
Conclusion: Midazolam and Propofol showed no differences regarding the effects on the postoperative memory coefficient or cognitive dysfunction.
Knowledge about Labour Analgesia among Final Year Medical Students in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Uma Gnanadesikan , Raghuram Sadhakshi , Rajesh Bhupathi
Published: April 2023

Background: Lack of understanding regarding labour pain has long been shown to be a burden on both health care providers and expectant mothers. Labor analgesia is still not well established and is undermining in underdeveloped nations. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore final year medical students' knowledge and attitudes towards pain relief during labor.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among final year undergraduate medical students of a tertiary care medical college hospital for 2 months. A Structured, and self-administered questionnaire was used (N = 97). Data was analyzed by using coGuide software, V.1.0.3.
Results: No statistical significance found in awareness parameters before learning about labour analgesia (P Value >0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between self-grading. However, there was statistically significant difference in different awareness related parameters before and after learning labour analgesia and many showed the improvement in post class response compared to before class response. (P value <0.05).
Conclusion: The current study revealed that before learning labour analgesia students had lack of knowledge regarding labour analgesia. The awareness class proved to be very effective for students to gain appropriate knowledge about labour analgesia and its importance as a reliable pain relief method.