bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The selection of cultivation techniques for the production of fungal enzymes on winery solid waste
Authors: Zeljko Marko , Zahović Ida , Cvetković Dragoljub , Jokić Aleksandar , Trivunović Zorana , Dodić Jelena
Published: December 2023

The wine industry generates significant amounts of waste, the management and disposal of which represents a major environmental problem due to its seasonal character and polluting characteristics. Solid waste generated in wineries in Serbia is mostly used as a biological fertilizer. The production of fungal enzymes could be a potential solution for the valorization of this waste. Fungal enzymes are used in numerous industries, including the detergent industry. The aim of this study was to select the most successful cultivation technique for the production of fungal enzymes by cultivating a wild-type isolate of Trichoderma sp. on media that contained solid waste generated in the winery by processing black and white grapes. The success of the bioprocess was evaluated based on the protein content and proteolytic, lipolytic, amylolytic, and cellulolytic activity of the obtained crude enzyme preparations at the temperature conditions of detergent application, i.e. at 30 °C and 60 °C. The submerged cultivation technique with external mixing and spontaneous aeration proved to be the cultivation technique that obtained the highest protein content in the crude enzyme preparations. The submerged cultivation technique with intensive aeration proved to be the most appropriate for achieving the highest enzyme activity of the crude enzyme preparations. On the other side, the solid-state cultivation technique with intensive aeration resulted in the lowest protein content and the lowest enzymatic activity of crude enzyme preparations. Liquid medium cultivation techniques have proven to be more successful when compared to solid-state techniques.
Investigations of commercial sodium copper chlorophyllin degradation after ultraviolet irradiation
Authors: Petrović Sanja , Savić Saša , Zvezdanović Jelena , Lazarević Aleksandar
Published: December 2023

Chlorophyllins are naturally derived colors that provide green hues to food products in oil- and water-based systems. Due to their good antimicrobial activity, in order not to contaminate the surface of food products and to increase product expiration dates and safety, the use of commercial chlorophyllin is common in the form of antimicrobial films that could cover fresh or processed food. UV irradiation effects on commercial sodium copper chlorophyllin are examined to estimate the potential application risk of this chlorophyll derivative for use in foods and cosmetics. Photodegradation of an aqueous 1 × 10-4 M commercial sodium copper chlorophyllin solution was monitored after ultraviolet irradiation. The samples were irradiated for a period of 0 - 60 min. in a cylindrical photochemical reactor called "Rayonnet" with symmetrically placed lamps that emit an energy flux of 12 W/m2 at 300 nm. Ultrahigh liquid chromatography coupled with a diode array and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry was used to monitor the loss of major components of sodium copper chlorophyllin after irradiation, as well as, to detect possible new products. It is estimated that the photodegradation of all detected compounds follows first-order kinetics. UHPLC analysis showed the loss of the major chlorophyllin component, copper chlorin e6 , at a rate faster than the overall detected components, in the range of 7.02 × 10-2 min-1.The observed photosensitivity of sodium copper chlorophyllin was lower than to the natural chlorophylls, and raising the possibility of its use in food and cosmetics. The main detected photoproducts are oxidized compounds of chlorophyllin. For all these reasons, the rapid loss of copper chlorin e6 , may reduce some of the main commercial sodium copper chlorophyllin dietary benefits, like antimutagenic and antioxidant activity.
Resolving discrepancies in forward and reverse ABO blood group typing
Authors: Grigorovich Kravchun , Olexiyovich Korzh , Solomonivna Leontieva , Anatoliyovich Zinchenko , Vitaliyovich Lyzohub , Yuriivna Dielievska
Published: December 2023

Background/Aim: There is a need of investigation of high frequency of the cases of ABO discrepancy revealed by forward and reverse typing. The aim of the study was to reveal optimal methods for detection of weak subgroups of group A and B antigens on erythrocytes. Methods: Sixteen persons with A blood group and anti-B antibody adsorbing ability (weak Bel, Bm and B3 antigens), 5 persons with B blood group and anti-A antibody adsorbing ability (weak Ax antigen) and 2 persons with O blood group and anti-B antibody adsorbing ability (weak Bel antigen) were investigated as the cases of type II-III of ABO discrepancy and weak B antigen. Liquid chromatography, agglutination, inhibition of agglutination and adsorption reactions at 4 °C and 37 °C with prolonged incubation (12 hours) were used in the study. Results: The persons with A blood group revealed by forward typing at 4 °C and O blood group detected by reverse typing at 37 °C showed the ability of the erythrocytes to adsorb anti-B antibody. The persons with B blood group revealed by forward typing with presence of anti-B antibodies reactive at 37 °C showed the ability of erythrocytes to adsorb anti-A antibody. Prolonged incubation at reverse typing, adsorption-elution tests, inhibition of haemagglutination and liquid chromatography were used to define blood group specificity. Conclusion: Prolonged incubation during reverse typing at 4 °C and 37 °C, adsorption at 4 °C, heat elution and liquid chromatography might help to detect blood group type in cases of type II-III of ABO discrepancy.
Los nombres de los dioses y diosas de Vasconia en la Antigüedad
Authors: Luis Mari Zaldua
Published: December 2023

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Fuselage Weight Estimation in Conceptual Design Phase for Tactical Unmanned Aerial Vehicles
Authors: Essari Abdulhakim , Ghatus Mehdi
Published: December 2023

Fuselage weight Estimation of an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) during the conceptual design phase has been demonstrated to be an important challenge because of its unconventional configuration. Investigation of the development of a new suggested formula for fuselage weight estimation of UAV is done for UAVs having takeoff weight ranging from 100 to 500 kg, and which have similar characteristics. Based on statistical trends, obtained from analyzed existing UAVs, takeoff weight is estimated from mission specification, and it is derived for a tactical unmanned aerial vehicle (TUAV). Software tools are developed in MATLAB to facilitate takeoff and component weight calculations. The least square method is applied to analyze statistical data in order to develop trend functions which correlate TUAVs takeoff weight. Existing formulas, developed for general aviation, for fuselage and takeoff weight estimations are applied to TUAV and promising one are selected and adjusted to TUAV conceptual design phase. Fuselage weight estimation is related to geometrical parameters and takeoff weight of TUAVs.
TRAJECTORIES OF DISPLACEMENT: (NON)WRITTEN AND ERASED BIOGRAPHIES
Authors: Arcimovich Tania
Published: December 2023

The paper examines some ‘stories’ of female artists who were connected (in different ways) to Belarusian cultural space, mainly in the first half of the twentieth century. Despite women’s prominent and incontestable contribution to art, firstly, as producers, their role and place are still mainly invisible in ‘global’ and ‘local’ art history, whose ‘canon’ is oriented on the male experience.

Exploring history and the strategies of displacement, erasing, forgetting, and non-recognition of female producers in art, the paper asks about so-called universal common patterns of how this marginalisation (and, as a result, absent) still happens, no matter what field — art, science, technology — in any area which is considered as a male realm. Discussing several obstacles scholars might face in the process of reconstructing women’s biographies, the author argues that the feminist approach of storytelling aims not merely to extend ‘history’. It is a strategy to trouble the existing male-oriented ‘canon’ that contributes to creating multidiverse and plural ‘epistemic spaces’ as the fundamental matter of transnational feminism.
MEDIA COMMUNITIES OF UKRAINIAN MIGRANT WOMEN (REFUGEES FROM WAR) IN LITHUANIA AND GERMANY: APPROACHES TO STUDYING
Authors: Pavlova Olena , Rohozha Mariya , Maslikova Iryna
Published: December 2023

This article examines the empirical data from media channels established by Ukrainian women migrants and refugees fleeing war residing in Lithuania and Germany. Additionally, the article seeks to develop theoretical insights into the organization and community dynamics of these migrant groups, with a particular focus on territorial distinctions and the distribution of gender roles. The article employs a case analysis method to examine the media communities of Ukrainian migrants in Germany and Lithuania during Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine. The study involves a relational content analysis of text messages and metadata from these communication channels. The resulting empirical data is framed within the context of Kant’s well-being structure, considering its evolution under current circumstances. The media communities within the realm of immigration are examined through the lenses of the “digital text” and “vernacular writing on the web” concepts. Special attention is given to the diverse forms of “the network of networks” and their localization strategies. Ukrainian media communities, notably with women as a dominant social group, exhibit a form of “‘undirected’ being-together”, which involves reproduction or even integration into existing channels on a new territory to seek support and establish social networks in foreign countries. The article underscores the pivotal role of women’s participation, economy platforms, and immaterial labor in this process.
Centrum Wojskowe w Gruzji jako jedno z czołowych organów ruchu antysowieckiego
(1922–1923)
Authors: Micheil Bachtadze
Published: December 2023

Centrum Wojskowe powstało w marcu 1922 roku jako jedno z czołowych
organów ruchu antyradzieckiego. Jego celem było przygotowanie, a następnie
poprowadzenie antyradzieckiego powstania zbrojnego. Członkami Centrum byli gruzińscy
generałowie i wyżsi oficerowie nominowani przez partie antyradzieckie w Gruzji.
Artykuł omawia na podstawie materiałów archiwalnych działalność Centrum oraz
aresztowanie i ukaranie jego członków przez władze sowieckie w 1923 roku. Badania
opierają się na analizie treści dokumentów i metodzie historyczno-porównawczej oraz
krytycznym zrozumieniu i uogólnieniu materiału empirycznego Centrum Wojskowe
istniało przez rok. W tym okresie odbyły się dwa spotkania, w których uczestniczyli
również członkowie komitetu niepodległościowego. Odbywały się również konspiracyjne
zebrania uliczne. Pierwszym zadaniem Centrum było rejestrowanie zwolenników,
określenie ilości posiadanej broni i tworzenie struktur w regionach. Niestety nie udało się tego zrobić i Centrum stało się w dużej mierze zależne od partii politycznych.
Już latem 1922 roku władze sowieckie wpadły na trop gruzińskich wojskowych wchodzących w skład ośrodka. W marcu 1923 roku aresztowano większość przywódców
Centrum. Ogółem aresztowano ponad 50 osób, a około 100 osób było poszukiwanych.
Śledztwo sowieckie trwało trzy miesiące, a 19 maja 1923 roku nadzwyczajna komisja
skazała na karę śmierci piętnaście osób aresztowanych w sprawie Centrum Wojskowego.
Zarzucano im: działalność antyradziecką, przygotowanie powstania, agenturę Ententy.
Część aresztowanych skazano na różne kary pozbawienia wolności. Około dziesięciu
osób zostało zwolnionych ze względu na ich niewinność. Wyrok wykonano 21
maja o godzinie 4.30 rano.
Dmitrij Fiłosofow (1872–1940) wobec kwestii ukraińskiej
Authors: Suławka Adam Radosław
Published: December 2023

Dmitrij Fiłosofow był jednym z czołowych rosyjskich działaczy emigracyjnych
oraz dziennikarzy w II Rzeczypospolitej. Na obszarze Polski znalazł się na
początku 1920 roku wraz z małżeństwem Mierieżkowskich (razem tworzyli tzw. triumwirat
literacki). Po przybyciu do Warszawy nawiązali współpracę z jednym z czołowych
rosyjskich działaczy antybolszewickich Borisem Sawinkowem, który stał się sojusznikiem
marszałka Piłsudskiego w walce o realizację koncepcji federacyjnej (zakładającej
m.in. istnienie niepodległej Ukrainy). W ramach tej współpracy Fiłosofow został jednym
z redaktorów wydawanego od lata 1920 roku dziennika Свобода (który jesienią
1921 roku zmienił nazwę na За Свабоду!). Dziennik ten ukazywał się aż do 1932
roku mimo problemów finansowych oraz zdrady Sawinkowa, który przeszedł na stronę
Sowietów po aresztowaniu na obszarze ZSRR w 1924 roku (wskutek sowieckiej operacji
dywersyjnej Trust). Na jego łamach opowiadał się on za niepodległością Ukrainy, ale
w związku z tym był bojkotowany przez niemal wszystkie środowiska białej emigracji
w Polsce i na Zachodzie. Z powodu krytycznej oceny polityki II Rzeczypospolitej wobec
mniejszości narodowych był również darzony niechęcią przez dużą część polskiej opinii
publicznej. Zarazem jednak cieszył się pełnym zaufaniem marszałka Piłsudskiego, co
umożliwiało mu dalszą działalność polityczną i wydawniczą. Po upadku За Свободу!
był redaktorem gazet Молва (1932–1934) oraz Меч (1934–1939). W latach 1934–
1936 organizował również polsko-rosyjski klub literacki Domek w Kołomnie, którego
uczestnikiem był również ukraiński poeta Jewhen Małaniuk. W 1936 roku wycofał
się z działalności publicznej z powodu problemów ze zdrowiem. Po wybuchu II wojny
światowej ostatnie miesiące życia spędził w sanatorium w Otwocku, gdzie zmarł 4
sierpnia 1940 roku.
The Role of Websites as Marketing Communication Media for Digital Startup Businesses in Companies Brainly
Authors: Cecep Teadi
Published: December 2023

The use of information and communication technology is now constantly evolving and diversifying to suit the activities of modern and sophisticated humans. Website is one of the most popular media for promotion today. Website has unlimited reach of time and space. To obtain a website as an effective medium for conveying information, a certain strategy is needed so that the website promotion activities carried out achieve optimal results. One of the companies that uses a website as a digital marketing medium is Brainly, which focuses on its feature, namely “question and answer”. This study aims to find out how to use a website as a marketing communication medium with a case study on the Brainly website. This study uses descriptive research methods. Data obtained from documentation studies of the appearance of the Brainly website. The results of this study are in marketing media through the website showing that Brainly has six aspects of The 7C Framework, namely the aspects of context, content, community, communication, connection, and commerce.
A documentation of echinococcosis cases in Batman between 2010-2022
Authors: Köy Yazgı , Dirilenoğlu Fikret
Published: December 2023

Objective: Echinococcosis is characterized by cystic structures formed by Echinococcus parasites in various organs, particularly liver, lung, and spleen. Our aim is documenting echinococcosis cases detected in Batman province in Turkey.
Methods: Clinicopathological data of all echinococcosis cases with histopathological diagnosis in Batman province between 2010-2022 were retrospectively recorded. Descriptive analyses of the data were made using the IBM SPSS 22.0 package program.
Results: A total of 55 echinococcosis cases, 23 male (41.8%) and 32 female (58.2%) were identified. The average age is 30 (3-77). Of 33 cases with known clinical complaints, 22 (66.7%) had abdominal pain, two (6.1%) had chest pain, two (6.1%) had cough, and seven (21.2%) had other complaints. One case was diagnosed incidentally in the post-traumatic examination. The mean diameter was 8.5 cm (2.8-25 cm) in 43 lesions of known diameter. The localization was liver in 36 (65.5%) cases, lung in 10 (18.2%) cases, and spleen in three (5.5%) cases. In three cases (5.5%), there was more than one organ involvement. In addition, echinococcosis was detected in the brain, kidney, and arm in three cases (5.5%). Of 45 cases with known data, 32 (71.1%) were unifocal and 13 (28.9%) were multifocal. Excision was performed in 34 (61.8%) cases, resection in 20 (36.4%), and aspiration in one (1.8%) case.
Conclusion: Echinococcosis can be seen in all age groups and present with a variety of findings depending on the organ involvement. It should be kept in mind in the differential diagnosis of cystic lesions in Turkey, which is among the endemic countries.
PENGARUH STARTEGI PEMBELAJARAN INDEX CARD MATCH TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR POKOK BAHASAN BANGUN DATAR SISWA KELAS V MI AL-FALAH DAKIRING
Authors: Yuliana Alfiyatin  , Moh. Amiril Mukminin
Published: December 2023

Berdasarkan hasil observasi di MI Al-Falah Dakiring, tepatnya di kelas V menunjukkan bahwa proses pembelajaran yang berlangsung masih berpusat pada guru, siswa tidak diberi kesempatan untuk terlibat secara aktif terutama dalam kelompok sehingga suasana pembelajaran masih terasa membosankan, khususnya pada mata pelajaran matematika yang identik dengan materi yang masih dianggap abstrak dan menjadi salah satu mata pelajaran yang sulit dipahami. Hal tersebut dapat dilihat dari hasil ujian siswa yang masih berada di bawah KKM (Kriteria kelulusan minimal) yaitu 70, serta dilihat secara klasikal yang menunjukkan hasil kurang dari 80% siswa yang mendapat nilai yang diharapkan. Dalam proses inovasi pembelajaran, Peneliti ingin melakukan penerapan pembelajaran yang berbeda dan lebih menarik sehingga menjadi suasana belajar yang lebih menyenangkan dimana siswa akan terlibat secara aktif yang dikemas dalam bentuk permainan yang menyenangkan sehingga hasil belajar dapat dicapai sesuai dengan yang dirumuskan Salah satu alternatifnya yang dapat dikembangkan untuk membantu permasalahan tersebut adalah melalui penerapan strategi pembelajaran index card match diharapkan menjadi suasana baru yang mendorong semangat siswa untuk terlibat secara aktif secara berkelompok, sehingga siswa mampu menemukan jawaban melalui latihan-latihan yang menyenangkan serta mampu berinteraksi dengan baik melalui kelompok belajar. Proses pembelajaran lebih interaktif sehingga hasil belajar dan tujuan pembelajaran dapat dicapai secara maksimal Subjek yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah 18 siswa. Dari rekapitulasi hasil angket diperoleh 83,33% siswa memilih jawaban “ya”, dan sebanyak 91,7% siswa mendapat nilai diatas KKM. Hasil analisis uji hipotesis menunjukkan bahwa r hitung=0,873 dan r tabel pada taraf signifikan 5% memperoleh o,468, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada pengaruh strategi pembelajaran index card match terhadap hasil belajar siswa pada pokok bahasan bangun datar Kelas V MI Al-Falah Dakiring.
PENGARUH KEPEMIMPINAN DEWAN MA’HADIYAH TERHADAP PENINGKATAN KINERJA PEMBIMBING ASRAMA
Authors: Abdul Halim  , Walib Abdullah  , Herfinatun
Published: December 2023

Terdapat dua permasalahan yang menjadi kajian pokok dalam penelitian ini, pertama, adakah pengaruh kepemimpinan Dewan Ma’hadiyah terhadap Peningkatan kineja Pembimbing asrama. Kedua, seberapa besar pengaruh kepemimpinan Dewan Ma’hadiyah terhadap Peningkatan kineja Pembimbing asrama. Populasi penelitian ini adalah santri Di Pondok Pesantren Mambaul Ulum Bata Bata Pamekasan.hasil peneltian setelah analisis data diketahui nilai r kerja sebesar 0,751 lebih besar dari pada nilai r tabel product moment. Dimana pada db=28 baik pada taraf signifikan 5% diperoleh nilai yaitu 0,374 maupun taraf signifikan 1% diperoleh nilai sebesar 0,478. Dengan demikian nilai r kerja lebih besar dari pada r tabel product moment baik taraf signifikan 5% maupun taraf signifikan 1% sehingga hipotesis yang diajukan yaitu hipotesis kerja (Ha) diterima sementara hipotesis nihil (Ho) ditolak. Kepemimpinan Dewan Ma’hadiyah berpengaruh besar Terhadap Peningkatan Kinerja Pembimbing Asrama Putri Pondok Pesantren Mambaul Ulum Bata-Bata Panaan Palengaan Pamekasan, hal ini berdasarkan hasil analisis data setelah dikonsultasikan dengan tabel interpretasi nilai r yang menyatakan nilai r kerja yaitu 0,751 berada pada rentang 0,600 sampai dengan 0,800 dengan interpretasi tinggi.
Organizational-Economic Measures and Tools for the Multifunctional Use of Aquaculture Facilities in Ukraine
Authors: Tiutiunnyk Hanna , Pushak Yaroslav , Martyniuk Volodymyr
Published: December 2023

Introduction. The world is aware of the importance of preserving natural resources and is shifting its focus to a social perspective, reflecting the acceptance of sustainable development principles. Aquaculture management must consider the impacts on the ecosystem and community, ensuring a balance in the use of water resources. Aquaculture can become a sustainable way to generate economic resources, and has recreational and cultural applications. This study examines the possibilities of using aquaculture in educational and cultural activities, public leisure, aesthetic education, and the development of park areas, as well as for other multifunctional purposes that contribute to improving water environment management and creating new ecological jobs.
Aim and tasks. The study aims to develop a conceptual vision of multifunctional aquaculture facilities as innovative and recreational centres for new jobs and the development of the local economy, considering socio-ecological and economic motivational mechanisms and effects that have not been previously investigated.
Results. The variability of directions for the development of aquaculture activities in the context of implementing marine strategies, Sustainable Development Goals, and reduction of the negative consequences of water pollution due to military actions. Socio-ecological and economic motivational mechanisms have been developed to form aquaculture facilities as centres of a green corridor or a concentration of ecologically safe zones to integrate them into urban and rural spaces. Measures for integrating aquaculture into tourism activities and the scientific concept of the concentration of ecologically safe territories with an aquaculture core in terms of organizational measures and possible effects are proposed.
Conclusions. A conceptual vision of multifunctional aquaculture facilities with the functions of reproduction, education and cultural-recreational enlightenment in terms of scientific and educational, decorative and circular facilities was proposed. The scientific concept of the concentration of ecologically safe territories with an aquaculture core in terms of organizational measures and possible effects was proposed.
Rreth disa dukurive fonetike të së folmes së qytetit të Prizrenit me rrethinë
Authors: Gashi Muharrem
Published: December 2023

Dialektet dhe të folmet a ligjërimet vendore të shqipes, sidomos për sa lidhet me pasurinë leksikore dhe frazeologjike, natyrisht edhe të trajtave e ndërrimeve fonetike dhe të tipareve morfosintaksore të tyre në përgjithësi, bashkë me emrat e vendeve dhe të njerëzve, kanë qenë dhe vijojnë të jenë fusha kërkimi shumë të pëlleshme, prej nga mund të sillen të dhëna e faktime me vlerë edhe për

studime të tjera gjuhësore, sidomos për marrëdhëniet e shqipes me gjuhët fqinje, po edhe për dukuri të moçme fonetike, leksikore dhe për fjalëformimin e shqipes. Fjalët dialektore dhe krahinore janë burim i pasur në fondin leksikor të gjuhës shqipe, vlera dhe rëndësia e tyre është e madhe në sistemin leksikor të saj. Përimtuesit dhe studiuesit e shquar të gjuhës shqipe, sidomos që nga Rilindja, kanë treguar kujdes të madh për fjalët e shprehjet e popullit tonë. Puna e nisur nga Fran Bardhi do të përvijohet nga K. Kristoforidhi dhe nxënësi i tij i shquar, Aleksandër Xhuvani dhe shumë të tjerë pas tyre. Pas Luftës së Dytë Botërore nisin studime përkushtuese nga institucionet tona arsimore e edukative, nga edhe kemi studime me kritere shkencore, ndonëse edhe këto nuk kishin përvojën e duhur të shkencave perëndimore. Njohja dhe përimtimi i vlerave gjuhësore të së folmes së qytetit të Prizenit me rrethinë na kanë tërhequr vëmendjen qysh prej disa vitesh nga dhe kemi shkruar disa herë për to. Së pari, në punimin e magjistraturës me titull “Studimet dialektologjike në Kosovë-rezultate e probleme” dhe, më vonë, po edhe më gjerë e në mënyrë më të shtjelluar, në studimin e doktoratës: “E folmja e Prizrenit me rrethinë”, tezë doktorate e

mbrojtur në QSA, Tiranë, në vitin 2014.
Dukuri të hibridizimit leksikor dhe të interferimit kuptimor e morfosintaksor në të folmet Arvanitase dhe në zonën e “Helenofonisë Shqiptare”
Authors: Qirjazi Dhori
Published: December 2023

Kontaktet e shqipes me greqishten janë të hershme e shumëduarshe, por mungesa e burimeve të shkruara paramesjetare të saj e vështirëson gjurmimin diakronik të marrëdhënieve mes tyre. Sido që të jetë, gjurmët e leksikut të greqishtes së vjetër, e madje të dialektit dorik, në leksikun e shqipes, a më saktë në gjuhën mëmë të saj, dëshmojnë se paraardhësit e grekëve e të shqiptarëve të sotëm kanë kontaktuar qysh në kohë të lashta. Edhe pse teza për origjinën ilire të shqipes është vënë në dyshim përsëri kohët e fundit1, nuk mund të lihen jashtë vëmendjes të dhënat e Strabonit, i cili në të aguar të erës sonë shënonte që fiset epirote “janë përzier me fiset ilire”, e se “disa syresh janë dygjuhëshe” («ἀναμέμικται δέ τούτοις τά ἰλλυρικά ἔθνη» … «ἐνίοι δέ δίγλωττοι εισι» (Γεωγραφία ζ’ c 327)). Për mendimin tonë çështja nuk shtrohet në ka patur kontakte të hershme të gjuhës mëmë të shqipes me greqishten, por ka të bëjë më së shumti me kohën dhe vendin e zanafillës së tyre dhe me argumentimin e kësaj qasjeje me mjete gjuhësore2. Në këtë hulli, po marrim dy shembuj nga leksikografi aleksandrin Heziku, i cili jetoi në shek. V të erës sonë, dhe kësisoj e ndajnë nga Straboni po aq shekuj sa ndajnë shqipen e sotme nga burimet e para të shkruara të saj.
Gjuha e fshehtë e muratorëve në Bullgari
Authors: Stankov Ludmill
Published: December 2023

Gjuha e fshehtë e muratorëve quhet në Bullgari edhe méshterski, méshtrenski, meshtregánski dhe meshtrugánski - nga mjeshtër. Në të kaluarën kjo gjuhë është quajtur edhe dylgjérski (i dylgjerit) - nga tur. dülger - marangoz, karpentier. Kjo gjuhë e fshehtë është përdorur në gjirin e muratorëve për të komunikuar njëri me tjetrin, pa u kuptuar nga përfaqësuesit zyrtarë të administratës osmane, nga të tjerët, duke mbrojtur kështu interesat e tyre profesioniste dhe ekonomike. Gjuha e fshehtë e mjeshtërve është sjellë në tokat e sotme bullgare nga ndërtues bullgarë, me fe të krishterë, nga Maqedonia Perëndimore (Dibër, Tetovë), Kostur (Greqi, nga disa fshatra rreth Korçës (Shqipëri) dhe nga rajoni i Kosturit (Greqi) në shekujt XV - XIX. Ata flitnin të folme të ndryshme të gjuhës bullgare dhe zotëronin ose kuptonin pak a shumë gjuhën shqipe, duke qenë në kontakt të ngushtë me popullsi shqiptare. Në Bullgari ata kuptoheshin mirë me vendasit duke folur të folmen e vet. Mërgimi i bullgarëve nga Maqedonia Perëndimore dhe Shqipëria drejt trevave lindore bullgare gjatë shekujve XV - XIX është përshkruar nga prof. Dimitër Arnaudov në librin e tij: “Преселническо движение на българи от Македония и Албания къмъ източните български земи през XV до XIX вѣк” - списание “Македонски прегледъ”, година VII (1932) кн. 2 - 3, стр. 63-118.
Preparation and Performance of High Thermal Conductivity Polypropylene-based Composites
Authors: Zhou Haijun , Zhang Xiaolei , Bai Lu , Zhao Yating , Chen Xiaoqi , Zhang Fen , Li Yantao
Published: December 2023

Polypropylene-based composites with high thermal conductivity were obtained by pressure injection molding using a hybrid form of PP as the matrix and FG as the thermally conductive filler with a particle size of 37 µm. Microscopic morphologies of the material were examined by SEM to determine the effect of FG content on the thermal conductivity and mechanical properties of the composites. The study found a clear correlation between the thermal conductivity of the composites and the FG content. The research confirmed a direct link between the thermal conductivity of the composites and FG content. At 70 wt%, the material demonstrated the greatest average, axial, and radial thermal conductivity of 7.52 W·m-1·K-1, 12.6 W·m-1·K-1, and 4.50 W·m-1·K-1, respectively.  However, any subsequent increase in fractional gradient (FG) content resulted in a decrease in the strength and modulus of the material. The highest tensile and flexural strength values of 34.9 and 63.7 MPa respectively, were achieved when the FG content was 60 wt%. At this particular FG content, the tensile and flexural modulus also reached 9.78 and 10.7 gigapascals (GPa), respectively. As the FG content increased, the strain on the composite material decreased. Note that the maximum tensile and flexural strains were measured at 50 wt% FG content, with values of 0.77% and 0.79%, respectively. The glass fiber sheets in the injection molded composites were uniform and predominantly vertically oriented.
The Influence of the "Magna Carta" on British Constitution
Authors: Han Zixin
Published: December 2023

The constitutions of most countries in the world are established by specific institutions at particular historical moments after bourgeois revolutions or reforms, and therefore usually take the form of complete written codices. However, the British constitution is different, having been gradually formed over several centuries through continuous amendments and accumulation. This paper, based on previous literature and charter ordinances, delves into the influence of the "Magna Carta" on the British constitution, covering aspects such as limiting the power of the monarchy, the supremacy of law, human rights protection, and the parliamentary system. As an important milestone in history, the "Magna Carta" has made significant contributions to the shaping and evolution of the British constitutional system, defining the basic features of the British political system.
On the Importance and Necessity of Implementing Modern Educational Technology in Applied Curriculum of Higher Vocational Colleges
Authors: Tan Xingjun , Feng Huanuo
Published: December 2023

Since the outbreak of the novel coronavirus epidemic, the country has carried out a teaching reform, rapidly using a variety of modern educational technologies to achieve cross-space and cross-time teaching. The research on the application of modern educational technology in teaching has become a hot topic. Taking the course of Nutrition Science as an example, this paper summarizes the relevant teaching and research focuses at home and abroad. The main points are that the application research on the combination of modern educational technology and specific curriculum content is not deep enough in terms of the content that needs special attention in the development of education and teaching. Then it analyzes the disadvantages of traditional teaching and the superiority of modern educational technology applied in teaching, affirms the importance of modern educational technology, traditional teaching and modern educational technology should complement each other and integrate each other. Finally, some suggestions are put forward on the application of modern education technology in classroom teaching, focusing on the details of teaching work, paying attention to comparative analysis, practice, effectiveness, research refinement, the data of teaching effect, school-enterprise cooperation and curriculum digitization etc. Any new educational technology is only a teaching tool and auxiliary means, which cannot completely replace traditional teaching forms, let alone be implemented for the sake of implementation. The importance and necessity of modern educational technology are built on the basis of better serving students. Everything is "student-centered", and teachers can reasonably apply modern educational technology to teaching design and leading classroom implementation.
Comparative study of malaria course
Authors:   Azerbaijan Medical
            University, Huseynov Elchin
Published: December 2023

Globally in 2022, there were an estimated 249 million malaria cases and 608 000
malaria deaths in 85 countries. Malaria is a major cause of death in tropical and
sub-tropical countries, killing each year over 1 million people globally. Although
effective ways to manage malaria now exist, the number of malaria cases is still
increasing, due to several factors. In this emergency situation, prompt and effective
diagnostic methods are essential for the management and control of malaria. The most
common early symptoms of malaria are fever, headache and chills. Symptoms usually start
within 10– 15 days of getting bitten by an infected mosquito. Symptoms may be mild for
some people, especially for those who have had a malaria infection before. Because some
malaria symptoms are not specific, getting tested early is important. For primary
malaria vivax the symptoms such as non-typical fever, nausea, vomiting, myalgia, absence
of tachycardia, severe anemia, normocytosis in blood are characteristic for a
significant part of cases, while the neurological disturbance is observed during the
severe course. At the same time, heart, liver, and kidney complications are observed
during the mild course that is necessary to consider during the diagnosis and disease
treatment. Keywords: Malaria vivax, prodromal period, fever, alanine aminotransferase,
aspartate aminotransferase
Influencing Firm Value: Profitability, Capital Structure, and Ownership in Indonesian Mining Companies
Authors: Hardiansyah Annisa Zalfa Nur Alya , Setiawan Andy
Published: December 2023

This study examines the impact of profitability, capital structure, and managerial ownership on firm value, with firm size as a control variable. The study population consists of mining companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange between 2018 and 2021, with 100 samples obtained through purposive sampling. The analysis technique employed panel regression analysis. The results indicate that profitability and capital structure have a significant positive effect on firm value, while managerial ownership has a negative significant effect on firm value. These findings have implications for mining companies in Indonesia to focus on improving profitability to enhance firm value.
Pengaruh Pemanfaatan Teknologi Informasi, Kompetensi Pengguna, dan Kinerja Sistem Informasi Akuntansi terhadap Kualitas Informasi Akuntansi
Authors: Mantika Rika Aprilia , Praptiningsih Praptiningsih
Published: December 2023

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif yang memiliki tujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh antara pemanfaatan teknologi informasi, kompetensi pengguna, dan kinerja sistem informasi akuntansi terhadap kualitas informasi akuntansi. Populasi dalam penelitian kuantitatif ini ialah pelaku UMKM yang berada di wilayah DKI Jakarta. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 135 responden yang diambil dengan menggunakan metode accidental sampling. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknis analisis data Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) dengan aplikasi SmartPLS. Hasil dari penelitian yang diperoleh yaitu pemanfaatan teknologi informasi tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kualitas informasi akuntansi, kompetensi pengguna dan kinerja sistem informasi akuntansi berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kualitas informasi. Penelitian ini dapat menjadi fokus bagi UMKM untuk dapat menggunakan teknologi informasi dalam menghasilkan informasi akuntansi yang berkualitas.
Yüzen Güneş Enerjisi Sistemlerinin İncelenmesi, Çevresel Katkıları ve Türkiye’deki Barajların Yüzen Güneş Enerjisi Potansiyeli
Authors: ŞENLİ Hüseyin
Published: December 2023

Artan nüfus ve sanayileşme sebebiyle ihtiyaç duyulan enerji miktarı da sürekli artmaktadır. Bu enerji ihtiyacının büyük bir kısmını karşılayan fosil yakıtlar çevre kirliliğine sebep olmakta ve giderek azalmaktadır. Tam bu noktada yenilenebilir enerji kaynakları ön plana çıkmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, su kaynakları üzerinde yenilenebilir enerji üretimine olanak sağlayan yüzen güneş enerjisi sistemleri incelenmiştir. Bu sistemlerin genel yapısından, uygulamalarından, olumlu ve olumsuz yönlerinden ve çevreye sağladığı faydalardan bahsedilmiştir. Kurulumu için bir araziye ihtiyaç duyulmayan yüzen güneş enerjisi sistemleri kısıtlı araziye sahip bölgeler için önemli hale gelmektedir. Yenilenebilir bir enerji kaynağı olması CO2 ve diğer zararlı gazların salınımını azaltmaktadır. Suyun soğutma özelliği sayesinde karasal sistemlere kıyasla daha fazla enerji üretimini mümkün kılmaktadır. Kuruldukları su kaynaklarında buharlaşma ile kaybolan su miktarını azaltmakta, gölgeleme etkisi sayesinde alglerin çoğalmasına engel olarak su kalitesini ve temizliğini arttırmaktadır. Enerji üretimi, içme, sulama suyu temini ve taşkında korunma sağlayan barajlar üzerine kurulacak bu yüzen güneş enerjisi sistemleri ile barajlar üzerinde yeni bir enerji kaynağı oluşturulması ve baraj sularının buharlaşma ile kaybının azaltılması sağlanabilmektedir. Türkiye’deki en büyük 5 baraj gölüne kurulacak farklı büyüklüklerdeki yüzen güneş enerjisi sistemleri ile üretilebilecek enerji miktarları ve buharlaşma ile kaybı önlenen su miktarları hesaplanmıştır. Baraj göllerinin yüzey alanlarının %0,1, %0,5 ve %1’ine kurulacak yüzen güneş sistemleri ile sırasıyla toplam 414,47 GWh, 2072,36 GWh ve 4144,72 GWh enerji üretilebileceği ayrıca 1,58x106 m^3/yıl, 7,88x 106 m^3/yıl ve 15,75x106 m^3/yıl suyun buharlaşma ile kaybının önlenebileceği hesaplanmıştır.
İki Aşamalı Risk Değerlendirme Yöntemi ile Havacılık Sektöründe Uygulama
Authors: ÇAYIR ERVURAL Beyza
Published: December 2023

Globalleşen dünyada havacılık sektörü en önemli ulaştırma alanlarından biri olup, iyileştirilip geliştirilmesi için pek çok çalışma yapılmaktadır. Havaalanları yolcu trafiğinin ve yük taşımacılığının çok sıkı takip edildiği, ufak bir aksaklığın sektöre maliyetinin ciddi seviyede olacağı stratejik bölgelerdir. Bu çalışmada havaalanlarında meydana gelen hata ve risk türleri belirlenerek önleyici bakım planlama faaliyetlerinin geliştirilmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Bu açıdan hata türü etkileri analizi (HTEA) yaklaşımı kullanarak havalimanı yetkilileri ile görüşülerek alınan bilgiler doğrultusunda en önemli hata türleri risk öncelik sayısı (RÖS) ölçeği ile belirlenmiştir. Buna göre ilgili hata türlerinin önlenmesi için önleyici faaliyetler sıralanmıştır. Ayrıca HTEA yönteminin eksikliğini gidermek için objektif bir yöntem olan Entropi yaklaşımına dayanan karar verme yöntemi ile ağırlıklandırarak hata türleri sınıflandırılmıştır. Buna göre hava alanlarında ortaya çıkan tehlike ve risk durumları iki aşamalı bir analitik yaklaşımla çok boyutlu bir açıdan değerlendirilmektedir. Elde edilen sonuçların, hava alanı yöneticilerinin öncelikle yapması gereken iyileştirme ve yatırım kararları hakkında yol gösterici olması beklenmektedir.
Bullismo femminile: presentazione della ricerca quantitativa di un’indagine nazionale mixed-method
Authors: Batini Federico , Scierri Irene Dora Maria , Vittori Francesco
Published: December 2023

FEMALE BULLYING: PRESENTATION OF THE QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH OF A NATIONAL MIXED-METHOD INVESTIGATION Abstract Due to its seriousness and prevalence, bullying is a crucial topic for educational research, also in order to adopt appropriate educational strategies to prevent and tackle it. One of the possible avenues of investigation is the adoption of a gender perspective. In fact, bullying is often studied with a universalistic approach, despite the fact that research shows the presence of peculiarities that can be associated, albeit not exclusively, with different genders. The national project «Female bullying at school. An intersectional mixedmethod investigation» aims to better understand bullying among girls by adopting a gender and intersectional perspective. This contribution presents the quantitative part of the research. The outcomes regarding the incidence and characteristics of bullying will be discussed and the gender differences that emerged will be explored. The results confirm the relevance of the phenomenon and highlight the peculiar gaze of girls, providing support for the usefulness of adopting a gender perspective in the study of bullying.
On tertions and other algebraic objects
Authors:   Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Atanassov Krassimir T. ,   Intelligent Systems Laboratory, Prof. Asen Zlatarov University
Published: December 2023

The concept of the object called “tertion” is discussed. Some operations over tertions are introduced and their properties are studied. The relationship between tertions, complex numbers are quaternions are discussed.
Stochastic Time Series Analysis, Modeling, and Forecasting of Weekly Rainfall Using Sarima Model
Authors: Damor P. A. , Ram Bhavin , Kunapara A. N.
Published: December 2023

Rainfall holds critical significance for water resource applications, particularly in rainfed agricultural systems. This study employs the Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) technique, a data mining approach commonly used for time series analysis and future forecasting. Given the increasing importance of climate change forecasting in averting unexpected natural hazards such as floods, frost, forest fires, and droughts, accurate weather data forecasting becomes imperative. The objective of this study was to develop a Seasonal Auto-Regressive Integrative Moving Average (SARIMA) model for forecasting weekly rainfall in Junagadh Station, Gujarat. Utilizing 53 years of historical data (1963 to 2016), the SARIMA model predicts weekly rainfall for the subsequent five years (2018 to 2022). Through comprehensive evaluation using ACF and PACF plots, AIC, SBC, MAPE, and MAE values, the study identifies SARIMA (0,0,4)(0,1,1)52 as the optimal model, offering the most accurate prediction. The robust results affirm that the SARIMA model provides reliable and satisfactory weekly rainfall predictions. This research contributes valuable insights into the precision and efficacy of SARIMA models for rainfall forecasting, aiding in strategic water resource management in the Junagadh region.
Facile Fabrication of Injectable Multifunctional Hydrogels Based on Gallium‐Polyphenol Networks with Superior Antibacterial Activity for Promoting Infected Wound Healing
Authors: Zou Minglang , Chen Cuiping , Wang Mingda , Lei Chen , Wang Yongming , Luo Fang , Huang Da , Wang Meishui , Zheng Houbing , Wang Biao , Lin Zhenyu , Weng Zuquan
Published: January 2025

Multifunctional hydrogels hold significant promise for promoting the healing of infected wounds but often fall short in inhibiting antibiotic‐resistant pathogens, and their clinical translation is limited by complex preparation processes and high costs. In this study, a multifunctional hydrogel is developed by combining metal‐phenolic networks (MPNs) formed by tannic acid (TA) and gallium ions (Ga3⁺) with chitosan (CS) through a simple one‐step method. The resulting CS‐TA‐Ga3⁺ (CTG) hydrogel is cost‐effective and exhibits desirable properties, including injectability, self‐healing, pH responsiveness, hemostasis, antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, and antibacterial activities. Importantly, the CTG hydrogels are effective against antibiotic‐resistant pathogens due to the unique antibacterial mechanism of Ga3⁺. In vivo studies demonstrate that the CTG hydrogel promotes follicle formation and collagen deposition, accelerating the healing of infected wounds by inhibiting blood loss, suppressing bacterial growth, and modulating the inflammatory microenvironment. These findings highlight the CTG hydrogel's potential as an advanced and translational dressing for enhancing the healing of infected wounds.
Electrochemical Umpolung of C−H Nucleophiles Bearing Three Electron‐Withdrawing Groups to Trigger Radical 1,2‐Alkylarylations of Allylic Alcohols
Authors: Li Qibin , Hu Die , Xu Kun , Zeng Chengchu
Published: January 2025

The electrochemical catalyst‐free generation of carbon radicals bearing three electron‐withdrawing groups from the corresponding C−H nucleophiles remains unexplored. To this end, we report a direct electro‐oxidation strategy to access these electrophilic carbon radicals under catalyst‐free conditions. Enabled by this strategy, the radical 1,2‐alkylarylations of allylic alcohols was realized, affording β‐quaternary ketones with high functional group compatibility. This protocol is operationally simple and also easy to scale up.
Chemiluminescence Resonance Energy Transfer for Targeted Photoactivation of Ion Channels in Living Cells
Authors: Song Gang , Yang Zhiwen , Cheng Junjie , Lin Hongrui , Huang Yiming , Lv Fengting , Bai Haotian , Wang Shu
Published: January 2025

The regulation of oxidative stress in living cells is essential for maintaining cellular processes and signal transduction. However, developing straightforward strategies to activate oxidative stress‐sensitive membrane channels in situ poses significant challenges. In this study, we present a chemiluminescence resonance energy transfer (CRET) system based on a conjugated oligomer, oligo(p‐phenylenevinylene)‐imidazolium (OPV−Im), designed for the activation of transient receptor potential melastatin 2 (TRPM2) calcium channels in situ by superoxide anion (O2⋅−) without requiring external light sources. The OPV−Im oligomer targeted the cell membrane efficiently, leading to the activation of TRPM2 channels in situ by the CRET process and subsequent intracellular calcium overload. This cascade resulted in mitochondrial damage and inhibition of autophagy, ultimately inducing cell apoptosis. Additionally, this strategy could be applied for the selective killing of tumor cells that overexpress TRPM2 ion channels and for inhibiting the growth of three‐dimensional (3D) tumor spheroids. Our system offers a novel approach for regulating ion channel activity and oxidative stress in living cells compared to optogenetics and photodynamic therapy.
Versatile New Lanthanide Complexes Containing Organic Ligand Derived From Vitamin B6 as Potential Tyrosinase Inhibitors: Synthesis, Characterizations, and Structure Activity Investigations
Authors: Karim Amir , Ullah Saeed , Halim Sobia Ahsan , Ali Wajid , Khan Ajmal , Al‐Harrasi Ahmed , Anwar Muhammad U.
Published: January 2025

The synthesis, characterizations, and tyrosinase enzyme inhibition experiments on eight novel lanthanide metal complexes (1–8) are reported. A multidonor versatile ligand L was prepared from the condensation reaction of picolinohydrazide with pyridoxal. The synthesized complexes were analyzed using FT‐IR and UV‐vis spectroscopies, elemental (CHN) analysis, and single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis. These complexes exhibited significant tyrosinase enzyme inhibition with IC50 values in the range of 9.67 ± 0.17–21.88 ± 0.57 μM. The molecular docking results of the most active complex (2) correlate well with in vitro observations.