bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of the transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt on peptidomics composition of peripheral plasma
Authors: Bagarolo Giulia Ilaria , Schierwagen Robert , Gu Wenyi , Jankowski Vera , Soppert Josefin , Barzakova Emona , Cascone Federica , Tyc Olaf , Kuhl Christiane , Noels Heidi , Trebicka Jonel , Jankowski Joachim
Published: February 2023

Background & Aims
Portal hypertension often develops in patients with advanced chronic liver diseases (CLD), especially cirrhosis and is associated with complications of the disease, such as gastrointestinal bleeding and ascites, which account for high mortality rates. The transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) is one of only a few treatment options for portal hypertension aiming at the decrease of portal venous pressure by establishing an artificial passage for blood from the gastrointestinal tract directly to the liver vein. The current study aimed to investigate the molecular composition of plasma samples from patients with portal hypertension to characterize mediators influenced by TIPS intervention and involved in gut-liver crosstalk.
Methods
The plasma of 23 patients suffering from advanced CLD with portal hypertension was collected from peripheral veins before and after TIPS treatment and was analyzed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) using a non-targeted approach. Substances in the molecular range of 100 to 1,500 (m/z) with concentration differences induced by the TIPS intervention were identified in peripheral blood. The identified mediators were sequenced through MS/MS and analyzed through literature mining to gain an insight into their function.
Results
Overall, eleven low molecular weight mediators revealed concentration changes triggered by the TIPS intervention. From these, four peptides and six metabolites were significantly decreased after TIPS, whereas one metabolite showed an increase after the medical procedure.
Conclusions
In conclusion, we identified in this study ten new biomarker candidates for portal hypertension in patients with CLD, with potential involvement in the regulation of pathological gut-liver crosstalk.
Evaluating Occupant Feedback on Indoor Air Quality Perception During Covid Stay-at-home Using Social Media Data: A Nationwide Study in the U.S.
Authors: Ashayeri Mehdi , Piri Soroush , Abbasabadi Narjes
Published: February 2023

Despite challenges, the COVID stay-at-home has provided opportunities to reveal unforeseen complexities within built environments, particularly from indoor health lenses, that had not been sought before the pandemic. This research aimed to evaluate occupants’ feedback on impacts of the stay-at-home on the indoor air quality (IAQ) perception in buildings nationwide in the U.S. during the first year of the pandemic (2019) and compare it with the baseline (2019). We used geo-tagged big textual data obtained from Twitter platform and developed Natural Language Processing (NLP) models based on Sentiment Analysis (SA) approach to compute the occupant feedback for the two consecutive years. We built the SA models through developing a six-step workflow, including data acquisition; data cleaning; text tokenization; analysis; accuracy evaluation; and data visualization and mapping. We used the QDAP dictionary and nrc lexicon to develop the SA models. We also developed automation scripts to improve the simulation performance. Results illustrate that occupants’ complaints on IAQ increased during 2020 compared with the baseline (2019). Findings further suggest that occupants with less access to operative Heating, Cooling, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) systems posted more dissatisfied feelings on Twitter. This research aids decision-makers to better understand the impacts of lockdown on occupants’ health experience to rethink the design and operation of buildings in a way to promote human-centered design and improving building resilience against future pandemics.
A long-read sequencing and SNP haplotype-based novel preimplantation genetic testing method for female ADPKD patient with de novo PKD1 mutation
Authors: Peng Cuiting , Chen Han , Ren Jun , Zhou Fan , Li Yutong , Keqie Yuezhi , Ding Taoli , Ruan Jiangxing , Wang He , Chen Xinlian , Liu Shanling
Published: February 2023

The autosomal dominant form of polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the most common hereditary disease that causes late-onset renal cyst development and end-stage renal disease. Preimplantation genetic testing for monogenic disease (PGT-M) has emerged as an effective strategy to prevent pathogenic mutation transmission rely on SNP linkage analysis between pedigree members. Yet, it remains challenging to establish reliable PGT-M methods for ADPKD cases or other monogenic diseases with de novo mutations or without a family history. Here we reported the application of long-read sequencing for direct haplotyping in a female patient with de novo PKD1 c.11526 G > C mutation and successfully established the high-risk haplotype. Together with targeted short-read sequencing of SNPs for the couple and embryos, the carrier status for embryos was identified. A healthy baby was born without the PKD1 pathogenic mutation. Our PGT-M strategy based on long-read sequencing for direct haplotyping combined with targeted SNP haplotype can be widely applied to other monogenic disease carriers with de novo mutation.
The influence of maternal factors on the neonatal microbiome and health
Authors: Zhu Bin , Serrano Myrna , Buck Gregory
Published: February 2023

The human microbiome plays an essential role in human health. However, the influence of maternal factors on the neonatal microbiome remains obscure. Herein, our observations suggest that the neonatal buccal microbiome is similar to the maternal buccal microbiome, but the neonatal gastrointestinal microbiome develops a unique composition at an early stage. The low complexity of the neonatal buccal microbiome is a hallmark of maternal and neonatal health, but that of the neonatal gastrointestinal microbiome is associated with maternal inflammation-related metabolites. Microbial infections in the maternal reproductive tract universally impact the complexity of the neonatal microbiomes, and the body site is most important in modulating the composition of the neonatal microbiomes. Additionally, maternal lipids attenuated the adverse influence of several maternal factors on the neonatal microbiomes. Finally, admission of neonates to the newborn intensive care unit is associated with sub-optimal states of the maternal buccal and rectal microbiomes and maternal health.
Bcl-2 family inhibitors sensitize human cancer models to target therapy
Authors: Valentini Elisabetta , Martile Marta Di , Brignone Matteo , Caprio Marica Di , Manni Isabella , Chiappa Michela , Sergio Ilaria , Chiacchiarini Martina , Bazzichetto Chiara , Conciatori Fabiana , D'Aguanno Simona , D'Angelo Carmen , Ragno Rino , Russillo Michelangelo , Colotti Gianni , Felli Maria , Damia Giovanna , Bufalo Donatella Del
Published: February 2023

BH3 mimetics, targeting Bcl-2 family anti-apoptotic proteins, represent a promising therapeutic opportunity in tumors. ABT-199, the first specific Bcl-2 inhibitor, has been approved by FDA for treating several hematological malignancies. We have recently discovered IS21, a novel pan BH3 mimetic with preclinical anti-tumor activity in different cancers. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of different BH3 mimetics both as single agents, in a panel of different tumor cell histotypes, and in combination with the currently used target therapy in ovarian cancer and melanoma. Our results demonstrate that IS21 reduced the viability of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia, melanoma, lung, pancreatic and ovarian cancer cell lines, and that Bcl-xL and Mcl-1 protein levels were markers of IS21 sensitivity in melanoma and ovarian cancer, respectively. Exploring the IS21 mechanism of action, we reported that IS21 activity was dependent on BAX and BAK proteins, and complexes between Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL proteins and their main binding partners were reduced by IS21. In combination experiments, BH3 mimetics sensitized ovarian cancer cells to the treatment with PARP inhibitors, while IS21 and ABT-199 synergized with MAPK inhibitors in melanoma models bothin vitroandin vivo.Through different methodological approaches, we evidenced that the potentiating effect of BH3 mimetics was related to enhancement of apoptotic pathway, both in melanoma and ovarian cancer. In conclusion, our data suggest the use of inhibitors of the anti-apoptotic proteins as a possible therapeutic strategy to enhance the efficacy of target therapy in ovarian cancer and melanoma.
Recruitment and retention challenges and strategies in randomized controlled trials of psychosocial interventions for children with cancer and their parents: a collective case study
Authors: Driessche Anne van , Beernaert Kim , Deliens Luc , Kars Marijke , Lyon Maureen , Barrera Maru , Dussel Veronica , Bidstrup Pernille , Rosenberg Abby R. , Akard Terrah F. , Cohen Joachim , De Vleminck Aline
Published: February 2023

Objective

In pediatric oncology there are few examples of successful recruitment and retention strategies in psychosocial care research. This study aims to summarize experiences, challenges, and strategies for conducting randomized controlled trials (RCTs) from psychosocial intervention studies among children with cancer and their parent(s).

Methods

We conducted a collective case study. To identify the cases, Pubmed and two trial registries were searched for ongoing and finished RCTs of psychosocial intervention studies for children with cancer and their parents. Online semi-structured expert interviews discussing recruitment and retention challenges and strategies were performed with principal investigators and research staff members of the intervention studies.

Results

Nine studies were identified. Investigators and staff from seven studies participated, highlighting challenges and strategies within three major themes: eligibility, enrollment and retention. Regarding eligibility, collaborating constructively with healthcare professionals and involving them before the start of the study were essential. Being flexible, training the research staff, enabling alignment with the participants’ situation, and providing consistency in contact between the research staff member and the families were important strategies for optimizing enrollment and retention. All studies followed a stepped process in recruitment.

Conclusion

Although recruitment and retention in some selected studies were successful, there is a paucity of evidence on experienced recruitment and retention challenges in pediatric psychosocial research and best practices on optimizing them. The strategies outlined in this study can help researchers optimize their protocol and trial-implementation, and contribute to better psychosocial care for children with cancer and their parents.
Trial registration: this study is not a clinical trial.
The community pharmacist as an independent prescriber: a scoping review
Authors: Piraux Arthur , Bonnan Dylan , RAMOND-ROQUIN Aline , Faure Sébastien
Published: February 2023

Background
Due to the shortage of professionals, the ever-increasing needs and demands for appointments, consultation of physicians is getting harder, and delays are getting longer. To limit this issue, several countries have experimented different models of independent prescribing through pharmacies.
Aim
This study aimed to analyze the contribution of independent prescribing by community pharmacists, in primary care, using the micro, meso, macro level framework.
Method
Three different databases were used: Medline, Scopus and Embase. The search was executed on March 23rd, 2022, for each of them. Some relevant articles were added manually to the search. To be selected for the review, articles needed to be published after 2000, written in English or French, focus on independent prescribing by community pharmacists, and concern a minor condition. Original research was accepted. Articles were imported into the Covidence systematic review software to perform the review.
Results
The search resulted in 1768 articles and 846 after removing duplicates. After title and abstract screening, 792 articles were qualified as irrelevant, and 54 full text studies were reviewed for eligibility. Finally, eight studies were included in the scoping review. The various studies included are recent (from 2013 to 2021) and mostly of Canadian origin (6/8). For five of them, a quantitative study design is observed. As an independent prescriber, the community pharmacist can improve patient access to primary care, reducing consultation delays for minor conditions. In addition, patient safety is maintained, and the patient’s quality of life is increased. The pharmacist independent prescriber model seems to be cost-effective for society.
Conclusion
This review highlights the potential value and relevance of the pharmacist independent prescriber. The benefits to society are felt at all levels: micro, meso, and macro. Effectiveness and efficacy seem established, but further studies are needed in other fields, as efficiency.
The recombinant receptor-binding domain of a pangolin coronavirus spike by prokaryotic expression can partially induce neutralizing antibodies
Authors: Liu Shuiqing , Chen Chen , Lu Shanshan , Cheng Dongxiao , Luo Shengdong , Fan Huahao , Chen Zeliang , Tong Yigang , Song Lihua
Published: February 2023

We previously reported that a SARS-CoV-2 related pangolin coronavirus GX_P2V can induce neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in a golden hamster model. The two viruses GX_P2V and SARS-CoV-2 have genomes with high homology and both use ACE2 as their receptor, but have distinct receptor-binding domains (RBDs) of their spike proteins. The shared neutralizing epitopes of these two viruses are unknown. Here we describe a novel method of soluble expression of GX_P2V RBD in E. coli by tagging RBD with a carboxy-terminal fragment of the SADS coronavirus nucleocapsid protein. The recombinant GX_P2V RBD have human ACE2-binding activities. Mice immunized with this recombinant RBD produced significant titers of neutralizing antibodies against GX_P2V pseudoviruses, not SARS-CoV-2 pseudoviruses. Our data suggest that the GX_P2V RBD has none or limited neutralizing epitopes against SARS-CoV-2, thus neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 from GX_P2V infected golden hamsters is likely RBD-independent.
The effects of antenatal corticosteroid and sex on morbidity and mortality in preterm infants: a cohort study
Authors: Şeker Erdal , Kraja Elvis , Çakır Maide Selin , Kostekci Yasemin Ezgi , Okulu Emel , Erdeve Ömer , Atasay Fatma Begüm , Arsan Saadet , Koç Acar
Published: February 2023

Objective: To study the linked result of a complete course of antenatal corticosteroids (ANS) on mortality and short-term morbidity rates among preterm infants in our population.
Study design: This single-center retrospective study included the infants born before 32 weeks’ gestation and admitted to neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) between January 1, 2018 and December 31, 2020. The following data of gestational age, birth weight, sex, the etiology of labor, type of delivery, need for intubation in delivery room, APGAR scores (1st and 5th min), the rates of respiratuvary distress syndrome (RDS), surfactant administration, patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH), and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) were collected from medical records.
Results: The study included 210 infants with a median gestational age of 28.6 weeks (24-31.6), a birth weight of 1065 g (445-2165) and with an ANS use rate of 80%. The mortality rate was lower (p=0.001) with a longer hospital stay (p=0.029), but the rate of BPD was higher (p=0.014) in male infants who received ANS than who did not. According to sex distribution, there was a significant decrease in mortality rate in male infants compared with female ones in ANS received group (11% vs. 23%, p=0.038) with a higher BPD rate (p=0.005).
Conclusion: ANS is related with less mortality in male infants born before 32 weeks’ gestation. Further research is currently needed to evaluate advantage of antenatal steroids in different populations.
The Effect and Cerebral Blood Flow Mechanism of Exercise on Executive Function among Young Adults: A Double-blinded Randomised Controlled Trial Study
Authors: Liu Jianxiu , Min Leizi , Zhang Xiaoyu , Wu Meiting , Liu Ruidong , Ma Xindong
Published: February 2023

Objective: Studies have demonstrated that exercise benefits executive function. However, it is still unclear which exercise mode is optimal for protecting executive function among young adults and the evidence of the cerebral blood flow (CBF) mechanism of exercise on cognition. Thus, this study aimed to compare the intervention effect and the CBF mechanism of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) on executive function.
Study design: This was a double-blinded randomised controlled trial study conducted from October 2020 to January 2021 (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04830059). Ninety-three healthy young adults were randomized into the HIIT (N=33), MICT (N=32), and control groups (N=28). Participants in exercise groups were guided to perform 40 minutes of HIIT and MICT three times a week for 12 weeks, and the control group received health education for the same period. Executive function was measured by trail-making test (TMT), and CBF was measured by transcranial Doppler flow analyzer (EMS-9WA) before and after interventions.
Results: The time of the TMT task among the MICT group improved significantly compared with the control group (β = -10.175, 95% CI = -20.320, -0.031). The PI (β = 0.120, 95% CI = 0.018, 0.222), RI (β = 0.043, 95% CI = 0.005, 0.082), and S/D (β = 0.277, 95% CI = 0.048, 0.507) of the CBF among MICT group improved significantly compared with the control group. The time of TMT was associated with the Vs (F = 5.414, P = 0.022), PI (F = 4.973, P = 0.012), and RI (F = 5.845, P = 0.006). Moreover, the accuracy of TMT was associated with PI (F = 4.797, P = 0.036), RI (F = 5.394, P = 0.024), and S/D (F = 4.312, P = 0.05).
Conclusion: A 12-week MICT intervention improved CBF and executive function better than HIIT among young adults. Furthermore, CBF was one of the potential mechanisms that exercise improved the cognitive function of young people, which provided practical evidence for encouraging people to exercise regularly to maintain executive function and enhance brain health.
Real-time Fault Diagnosis of Photovoltaic Modules for Integrated Energy Systems Based on YOLOv7
Authors: Jin Lu , Shi Liguo , Li Dezhi , Liu Kaicheng , Zhong Ming , Pang Yalei
Published: February 2023

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Identification immune-related biomarkers of ankylosing spondylitis based on bioinformatics analysis
Authors: Li Dongxu , Cao Ruichao , Dong Wei , Cheng Minghuang , Pan Xiaohan , Hu Zhenming , Hao Jie
Published: February 2023

Objective: The aim of this study is to search for key genes in ankylosing spondylitis through comprehensive bioinformatics analysis, thus providing some theoretical support for future diagnosis and treatment of AS and further research.
Methods: The expression matrix of ankylosing spondylitis was downloaded and integrated through public libraries. A bioinformatic approach was used to screen differential genes and perform functional enrichment analysis to obtain biological functions and signaling pathways associated with the disease. Weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA) was used to further obtain key genes. Immune infiltration analysis was performed using the CIBERSORT algorithm to obtain the correlation analysis of key genes with immune cells. The GWAS data of AS were analyzed to identify the pathogenic regions of key genes in AS. Finally, potential therapeutic agents for AS were predicted using these key genes.
Results: A total of 7 potential biomarkers were identified: DYSF, BASP1, PYGL, SPI1, C5AR1, ANPEP and SORL1.ROC curves showed good prediction of each gene. T cell, CD4 naive, and neutrophil levels were significantly higher in the disease group compared to the paired normal group, and key gene expression was strongly correlated with immune cells.CMap results showed that the expression profiles of ibuprofen, forskolin, bongkrek-acid, and cimaterol showed the most significant negative correlation with the expression profiles of disease perturbations, suggesting that these drugs may play a role in AS play a good role in the treatment.
Conclusion: The potential biomarkers of AS screened in this study are closely related to the level of immune cell infiltration and play an important role in the immune microenvironment. This may provide help for clinical diagnosis and treatment of AS and provide new ideas for further research.
Malnutrition prevalence in cancer patients in Belgium: The ONCOCARE study
Authors: Rasschaert M. , Vandecandelaere P. , Marechal S. , D'hondt R. , Vulsteke C. , Mailleux M. , De Roock W. , Erps J. Van , Himpe U. , Man M. , Mertens G. , Ysebaert D.
Published: February 2023

RATIONALE

Unintentional weight loss and malnutrition are common among cancer patients. Malnutrition has been associated with impaired health-related quality of life, less well-tolerated chemotherapy regimens and shorter life duration. In Belgium there is a lack of epidemiological data on malnutrition in oncology patients at advanced stages of the disease.

METHODS

Malnutrition assessment data was collected through a prospective, observational study in 328 patients who started a neoadjuvant anticancer therapy regimen or who started 1st, 2nd or 3rd line anticancer therapy for a metastatic cancer via 3 visits according to regular clinical practice (baseline visit (BV) maximum 4 weeks before start therapy, 1st Follow up visit (FUV1) +/- 6 weeks after start therapy, FUV2 +/- 4 months after start therapy).

RESULTS

Prevalence of malnutrition risk at BV was high: 54.5% of the patients had a NRS ≥ 3 (NRS 2002) and increased during the study period (FUV1: 73.2%, FUV2: 70.1%). Prevalence of malnutrition based on physician subjective assessment (PSA) remained stable over the study period but was much lower compared to NRS results (14.0% − 16.5%). At BV, only 10% of the patients got a nutrition plan and 43.9% received ≤ 70% of nutritional needs, percentage increased during FU period (FUV1: 68.4%, FUV2: 67.6%). Prevalence of sarcopenia and cachexia were respectively 12.4% and 38.1% at BV and without significant variation during the study period. Figures were also higher compared to PSA. There were modifications in cancer treatment at FUV1 (25.2%) and at FUV2 (50.8%). The main reasons for these modifications at FUV1 were adverse events and tolerability. Patient reported daily questionnaires of food intake showed early nutritional deficits, preceding clinical signs of malnutrition, and therefore can be very useful in the ambulatory setting.

CONCLUSIONS

Prevalence of malnutrition and cachexia was high in advanced cancer patients and underestimated by physician assessment. Earlier and rigorous detection of nutritional deficit and adjusted nutritional intake could lead to improved clinical outcomes in cancer patients. Reporting of daily caloric intake by patients was also very helpful with regards to nutritional assessment.
Effect of fat replacement with HPMC and lecithin stabilised nanoemulsion on the physical characteristics and sensory attributes of short dough biscuits
Authors: Rodriguez-Garcia Julia , Kampa Jansuda , Signorello Antonio , Bull Stephanie , Frazier Richard
Published: February 2023

Biscuits contain high proportion of saturated fats, which could lead to an adverse health effect. The objective of this study was to study the functionality of complex nanoemulsion (CNE), which stabilised with hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and lecithin when used as a saturated fat replacer in short dough biscuits. Four biscuits formulations were studied including a control (butter), three formulations where 33% of the butter was replaced with extra virgin olive oil (EVOO), with CNE, and with the individual ingredient of the nanoemulsion added separately (INE). The texture properties, microstructure, and quantitative descriptive analysis with a trained sensory panel of the biscuits were evaluated. The results showed that CNE and INE gave place to doughs and biscuits with significantly higher (p < 0.05) hardness and fracture strength values than the control. The doughs made of CNE and INE showed significantly less oil migration during the storage than EVOO formulations, which confirmed by the confocal images. The trained panel did not find significant differences in crumb density and hardness on the first bite among CNE, INE and the control. In conclusion, nanoemulsion stabilised with HPMC and lecithin can work as a saturated fat replacer in short dough biscuits, providing satisfactory physical characteristics and sensory attributes.
Parameterization of a bioenergetic model to estimate shell, somatic and reproductive tissue growth of Ostrea edulis
Authors: Bertolini Camilla , Pastres Roberto
Published: February 2023

Several projects to reintroduce the native oyster Ostrea edulis are being carried out in Europe, some based on the restorative aquaculture approach. These projects could benefit from the application of a model which could predict oyster growth under different environmental conditions. Growth can be an indicator of suitable conditions and predicting it can particularly relevant for site selection. The simulated physiological processes underlying growth (e.g. clearance and respiration rates, storage of nutrients in tissues) could also support the estimation of the ecosystem functioning and services provided by new oyster reefs, thus allowing one to quantify the restoration benefits. Within this study, we developed a bioenergetic Individual Based Model (IBM) for Ostrea edulis, based on the Scope for Growth approach. Model parameters were estimated based on available literature data and a set of field data collected in the Venice Lagoon, which included time series of somatic and gonadal tissue and shell weight. The model was then successfully applied to the simulation of two further sets of previously published data. These findings suggest that the model could be used as a predictive tool for estimating Ostrea edulis growth over a wide range of environmental conditions and as a building block of oyster reef models.
Theoretical and numerical analysis of the Minimal Residual Method for solving the neutron transport equation in spherical geometry
Authors: Tizaoui Abdelkader
Published: February 2023

This paper focuses on an infinite dimensional adaptation of the Minimal Residual method for solving the neutron transport equation in spherical geometry. This method is based on a splitting of the collision operator strategy taking into account the characteristics of the transport operator. The theoretical and numerical analysis of this algorithm are given and compared to the methods given in [1, 2, 3].
Lawsone inhibits the proliferation and metastasis of residual breast cancer cells after microwave ablation by inducing cellular inhibitory autophagy through NCAPG/AURKB/AKT/mTOR axis
Authors: Sun Feixiang , Tong Ying , Zhang Chuanpeng , Yang Susu , Liu Yitao , Ji Jie , Yu Ziyi , Zhao Yi
Published: February 2023

Microwave ablation (MWA) is increasingly used in clinical treatment and research of breast cancer, which has good therapeutic effect on primary and metastatic lesions. However, microwave ablation may lead to residual tumor cells due to incomplete ablation. The biological characteristics of residual tumor cells are unknown, and it is necessary to explore new adjuvant treatment methods to achieve better therapeutic effect. In this study, we demonstrated that the migration ability of residual breast cancer cells was enhanced after microwave ablation, but the proliferation ability was not significantly changed. Lawsone, an active ingredient in Chinese herbal medicine, significantly inhibited the proliferation and metastasis of residual breast cancer cells after microwave ablation in vivo and in vitro, and had synergistic effects with microwave ablation therapy. Mechanistic studies have shown that Lawsone exerts its anti-proliferation and anti-migration ability mainly by targeting NCAPG in residual breast cancer after microwave ablation. In addition, Lawsone-induced cellular inhibitory autophagy also plays a key role in its anticancer effect. In addition, NCAPG interacts with AURKB protein and jointly participates in the regulation of AKT/mTOR pathway to affect autophagy process. In short, these consequences demonstrate that Lawsone exerts its anti-proliferation and anti-metastasis effects on residual breast cancer cells after microwave ablation mainly by inhibiting NCAPG/AURKB/AKT/mTOR axis and inducing inhibitory autophagy, which provides more options for adjuvant therapy after microwave ablation.
Facilitating the access of the wider community into child and adolescent mental health services in Liverpool and Sefton (UK): The co-customisation of the CYP as One platform with young people; parents and health service providers
Authors: Santa Kristof , Dixon Chloe , Ganga Rafaela Neiva , Trainor Gemma , Smith Grahame , Furfie Victoria , Brown Holly
Published: February 2023

Background

Children and young people (CYP) from underrepresented communities in the Liverpool and Sefton regions (UK) experienced an increase in mental health needs, pre-pandemic. The “CYP as One” online platform was introduced via a co-creation schedule, to support the uptake of service users into child and adolescent mental health services. However, post-pandemic, the risk of poor mental health for CYP further increased. The current study co-customised the “CYP as One” platform to facilitate the wider access and inclusion of CYP from underserved communities into relevant mental health services through ensuring their viewpoints are sufficiently represented in the referral process.

Methods

The co-customisation schedule utilised the Living lab approach. Service user feedback was extracted from the “CYP as One” platform and data was generated via seven online focus groups conducted over two months. The focus groups included 16-19-year-old young people; parents of under 16-year-old children and health service providers. Content analysis was conducted on service user feedback, which was covertly presented to focus group participants to aid the conversations during the focus groups. The final data analysis involved conducting a thematic analysis on service user feedback and focus group data.

Findings

The thematic analysis on service user feedback and focus group data returned seven themes. Contrasting preferences of referral methods; the importance of inclusive access to a wide range of platform users; the relevance of demonstrating empathy and sympathy via non-face-to-face referrals; perspective taking aids in the mutual understanding of the needs of stakeholders involved; digital content should account for age and social-development related differences in this context; CYP and parents require timely and relevant mental health information; digital means of referral methods may integrate fragmented services.

Conclusions

Involving insights from service users; the public and health service providers allowed the in-depth exploration of everyday challenges service users may face when using the “CYP as One” platform. The solutions identified by participants to such issues represent a reliable improvement to the platform. Ensuring that the digital content can replace in-person referral processes is of utmost importance to support CYP who previously experienced difficulties in engaging with mental health services.
Bi-decadal Changes in Pre-monsoon Precipitation over Northwest Himalayas and its Large-scale Teleconnections
Authors: Aggarwal Deepanshu , Chakraborty Rohit , Attada Raju
Published: February 2023

During pre-monsoon season, the Northwest Himalayas region receives significantly larger seasonal proportion of precipitation than the pan Indian average which makes it vulnerable to ramifications of extreme precipitation. Hence, this study investigates the precipitation variations during pre-monsoon over the Northwest Himalayas for the period 1979–2018. It has been observed that, since 1998, the mean baseline for precipitation has shifted downwards, indicating a bi-decadal transition. Notably, since 1998, the seasonal average precipitation has fallen to 50% of pre-1998 levels with the month of March being the dominant contributor towards this overall decline. Consequent analysis revealed that the western disturbances (WDs) are primarily responsible for precipitation in this area during this season as the local atmospheric conditions are not conducive for any other source of moisture and precipitation. However, the strength of zonal moisture transport and WDs aided vorticities are seen to be weakening post 1998 which also interestingly coincides with the strongest El Nino phase on record and the start of a negative PDO cycle. As a result, the role of global teleconnections is investigated, which concluded that negative PDO conditions after 1998 have changed the atmospheric circulation pattern, causing air subsidence (stronger stability) over the study region and weakening the lower-level convergence and the westerly component of moisture transport; and this leads to the observed decline in pre-monsoon precipitation in the recent decades. Following that, the hypothesis was further verified using a threefold process involving a study of the change in circulation patterns, cause-effect cluster analysis and finally by case study comparisons.
Towards Creating the National Terminology Resources: The Case of Mongolian Terminology
Authors: Namsrai Munkhtsetseg
Published: February 2023

The goal of terminology work is to record and organize the meaning and usage of specialized terms and to make those available in various terminological resources like (online) termbases, specialized dictionaries, glossaries, and terminology standards, to use them in texts, translation, and specialized discourse. The present paper mainly focuses on analyzing the content of the recently launched online terminology dictionary in terms of terminology standards and aiming to seek further enhancement of it to consolidate terminology resources by creating a national term bank. Thus, the paper tries to evaluate the terminology resources in the dictionary “The Online Dictionary of Scientific Key Terms” in terms of quality assurance. As a result of the study, I have found some issues such as incorrect, incomplete, improper, inconsistent, and doublet entries occurring in the dictionary. Thus, the paper has highlighted the need to continue evaluating the terminology resources in the dictionary in terms of quality assurance. Additionally, the paper emphasized the importance of the concept-based approach and consistent modeling of terminographic components, namely the hierarchy of domain labels, as they are term identification markers instead of a flat list of domains.
In vitro Susceptibility of Nontuberculous Mycobacteria in China
Authors: Tan Yaoju , Ren Weicong , Ma Zichun , Shang Yuanyuan , Li Shanshan , Zhang Xuxia , Wang Wei , Yao Cong , Yuan Jinfeng , Li Liang , Pang Yu
Published: February 2023

Background: Precise species or subspecies identification of NTM clinical isolates is important for managing patients with NTM diseases. It is of great necessity to measure the prevalence of resistance to antimicrobial agents, and explore the risk factors associated with drug resistance by using NTM isolates from China.
Methods: A total of 355 NTM isolates were included in our analysis. Broth dilution method was used to determine in vitro drug susceptibility of NTM isolates.
Results: Clarithromycin (CLA) was the most potent drug for Mycobacterium intracellulare (MI). The resistance rate to CLA was 21%, yielding a minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC)50 and MIC90 of 8 and 64 mg/L, respectively. 51% of MI isolates exhibited resistance to amikacin (AMK). For MABC, 6 and 49 isolates were categorized as resistant to CLA at Day 3 and 14, respectively. The resistance rate to CLA for Mycobacterium abscessus subspecies abscessus (MAA) was dramatically higher than that for Mycobacterium abscessus subspecies massiliense (MAM). Additionally, the percentage of patients presenting fever in the CLA-susceptible group was significantly higher than that in the CLA-resistant group.
Conclusions: Our data demonstrate that approximate one fifth of MI isolates are resistant to CLA. MAA is more resistant to CLA than MAM. The clinical manifestations of MI-infected patients caused by CLA-resistant bacilli seem to be milder than in CLA-susceptible group.
Genomic diversity analysis of IncHI3 plasmids and their derivatives sharing the IncHI3 core backbone
Authors: Mu Xiaofei , Wang Lingling , Yin Zhe , Jing Ying , Guan Jiayao , Chen Fangzhou , Li Xinyue , Zhang Zhi , Zhao Yuee , Hu Lingfei , Zhou Dongsheng , Wang Peng , Dai Erhei
Published: February 2023

Objectives
To dissect genomic features of IncHI3 plasmids and their derivatives sharing the IncHI3 core backbone.
Methods
An extensive genomic comparison was applied to all 20 available sequenced IncHI3 plasmids and their derivatives, including eight sequenced here and another 12 from GenBank.
Results
There were 20 IncHI3 plasmids and their derivatives, including 11 IncHI3 plasmids that contained single-replicon (repHI3B), double-replicons (repHI3B + repBIncFIB−6.1), and triple-replicons (repHI3B + repBIncFIB−6.1+repBIncFIB−8.1) and nine IncHI3 plasmid derivatives that were composed of the same IncHI3 backbone (including tra1 and tra2, and parABC) but different replication gene profiles instead of repHI3B. Based on the replication gene profiles, IncFIB-6.1, IncFIB-8.1, and IncFIB-6.1:8.1 plasmids were newly designated from derivatives. The 20 IncHI3 plasmids and their derivatives displayed massive gene acquisition and loss across the genomes and multiple accessory modules, including 13 Tn1696 derivatives, five MDR regions, two iuc regions, and 11 other key accessory regions. Two novel AGEs: In1765 and Tn7066, were first reported in this study.
Conclusions
Data presented here provides the evolution history of IncHI3 plasmids and their derivatives and a deeper insight into genomic diversification.
Rapid tropicalization evidence of subtidal seaweed assemblages along a coastal transitional zone
Authors: de Azevedo Jonas , Franco João N. , Vale Cândida G. , Lemos Marco , Arenas Francisco
Published: February 2023

Anthropogenic climate change, particularly seawater warming, is expected to drive quick shifts in marine species distribution transforming coastal communities. These shifts in distribution will be particularly noticeable in biogeographical transition zones. The continental Portuguese coast stretches from north to south along 900 Km. Despite this short spatial scale, the strong physical gradient intensified by the Iberian upwelling creates a transition zone where seaweed species from boreal and Lusitanian-Mediterranean origin coexist. On the northern coast, kelp marine forests thrive in the cold, nutrient-rich oceanic waters. In the south, communities resemble Mediterranean-type seaweed assemblages and are dominated by turfs. Recent evidence suggests that in these coastal areas, marine intertidal species are shifting their distribution edges as a result of rising seawater temperatures. Taking advantage of previous abundance data collected in 2012 from subtidal seaweed communities, a new sampling program was carried out in the same regions in 2018 to assess recent changes. The results confirmed the latitudinal gradient in macroalgal assemblages. More importantly we found significant structural and functional changes in a short period of six years, with regional increases of abundance of warm-affinity species, small seaweeds like turfs. Species richness, diversity, and biomass increase, all accompanied by an increase of community temperature index (CTI). Our findings suggest that subtidal seaweed communities in this transitional area have undergone major changes within a few years. Evidence of “fast tropicalization” of the subtidal communities of the Portuguese coast are strong indication of the effects of anthropic climate change over coastal assemblages.
Assessment of Anti-Biofilm and Anti-quorum Sensing Activities of Petroleum Oil-Eating Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: ERDEM Belgin , KIRAY Esin , YALÇIN Dilek , ERKAYA İlkay AÇIKGÖZ
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this research is to recognise antiquorum sensing and antibiofilm activity against biofilm-forming bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Listeria monocytogenes, Enterobacter aerogenes, and Bacillus cereus) and virulence factors in Pseudomonas extracts isolated from petroleum-oil contaminated side. The extracts were tested for anti-QS activity on Chromobacterium violaceum ATCC 12472 in double-fold dilutions of 50, 25, 12.5 and 6.25 mg/mL. The inhibition of violecein production from extracts at 50, 25, 12.5 and 6.25 mg/mL dilutions were the best determined between 30.2% and 72.5% at the dilution of 50 mg/mL. The crude extracts from the P9 (78%), P12 (88%) and P13 (75%) isolates, B. cereus 709 Roma have the best biofilm inhibition activity. At the same time, the crude extracts of P3, P8 and P13 isolate, E. aerogenes (91%), (85%) and (70%) and showed the highest biofilm inhibition activity, respectively. Multidrug-resistant bacteria commonly use cell-to-cell communication leading to biofilm formation as one of the mechanisms of resistance development. Quorum sensing inhibition (QSI) is an effective approach to prevent biofilm formation. A gram-negative bacterium, 11 P. aeruginosa, was isolated from soil contaminated with petroleum oil. Bacterial crude extracts showed QSI activity in the biosensor plate containing the reference strain C. violaceum ATCC 12742. A reduction of approximately 98% in violacein production was detected with the reference strain C. violaceum ATCC 12742. The aim of this research is to screen anti-quorum sensing activity and inhibited biofilm activity of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from soil contaminated with petroleum oil and to measure the antibiofilm activities by biofilm forming bacteria (S. aureus, E. coli, P. aeruginosa, E. aerogenes, L. monocytogenes and B. cereus 709 Roma).
Preoperative virtual iliosacral screw combined with individualized 3D printing navigation template for accurate treatment of posterior pelvic ring injury in a clinical study
Authors: Zhao Peishuai , Wang Xiaopan , Guan Jianzhong , Chen Xiaotian , Li Renjie , Wu Min
Published: February 2023

Purpose: This research introduced a novel approach that combines a Three-dimensional(3D) printed guide-plate with preoperative virtual iliosacral screws to guide the insertion of intraoperative screws, and compares its effectiveness and safety to traditional surgical procedures.
Methods：59 patients in our hospital were randomized to a guide-plate group (n=30) or a traditional surgical group (n=29) after receiving percutaneous iliosacrals for unstable posterior pelvic ring injuries. Gender, age, injury mechanism, sacrum type, fracture type, time of each screw placement, radiation exposure time of each screw, and postoperative screw classification are all factors to take into account.
Results: In 59 patients, a total of 83 iliosacral screw were implanted, including 43 screws in the guide-plate group (37 in S1 and six in S2) and 40 screws in the traditional surgery group (34 in S1 and six in S2). The screw dislocation rate of patients in the guide-plate group (2.3%) was considerably lower than that of the traditional surgery group (15.0%); the radiation exposure duration for each screw in the guide-plate group (0.4±0.1min) was lower than that of the traditional operation group (0.9±0.2min). The screw dislocation rate and radiation exposure time were statistically significant (P<0.05). The time it took to place each screw in the traditional surgery group (25.9±3.8min) was longer than in the guide-plate group (19.2±2.8min), although this difference was not statistically significant (p>0.05).
Conclusion: Preoperative virtual screw technology combined with 3D guide technology can accurately place iliosacral screws, introducing a new option for percutaneous iliosacral screw placement.
Gallbladder Cancer Incidentally Found at Cholecystectomy: Perioperative Risk Factors
Authors: Olecki Elizabeth J. , Mayhew Mackenzie M. , Perez-Holguin Rolfy , Wong William G. , Stahl Kelly A. , Peng June S. , Dixon Matthew E. , Gusani Niraj J.
Published: February 2023

Purpose: Risk factors of Gallbladder Cancer (GBC) are not well-defined resulting in greater than 60% of GBCs being diagnosed incidentally following cholecystectomy performed for presumed benign indications. As most localized GBC require more extensive oncologic surgery beyond cholecystectomy, this study aims to examine factors associated with incidentally found GBC to improve preoperative and intraoperative diagnosis.
Methods: The American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program Database from 2007-2017 was used to identify cholecystectomies performed with and without a final diagnosis of GBC. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression were used to compare demographic, intraoperative, and postoperative characteristics among those with and without a diagnosis of GBC.
Results: The incidence of GBC was observed to be 0.11% (441/403,443). Preoperative factors associated with risk of GBC included age >60 (OR 6.51, p<.001), female sex (OR 1.75, p<.001), history of weight loss (2.58, p<.001), and elevated preoperative alkaline phosphatase level (OR 1.67, p=.001). Open approach was associated with 7 times increased risk of GBC compared to laparoscopic approach (OR 7.33, p<.001). In addition to preoperative factors and surgical approach, longer mean operative times (127 minutes vs 70.7 minutes, p<.001) were significantly associated with increased risk of GBC compared to benign final pathology.
Conclusion: This study demonstrates that those with incidentally discovered GBC at cholecystectomy are unique from those undergoing cholecystectomy for benign indications. By identifying predictors of GBC, surgeons can choose high risk individuals for pre-operative oncologic evaluation and consider better tools for identifying GBC such as intraoperative frozen pathology.