bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pedagogics and psychology: problems associated with the problems and prospects of development
Authors: Lobas E.S , Nizhelskaya Yu.A
Published: July 2023

The article examines current pedagogical and psychological problems and perspectives. It touches on current trends in the development of psychological pedagog is and how to solve these problems.
Сократовский метод и его роль в познавательном процессе
Authors: Газизова Р.А , Латыпова А.А.
Published: July 2023

В статье рассматривается метод получения знаний, разработанный древнегреческим философом Сократом, а также определяется цель и смысл его использования в современном образовательном процессе.
Способы совершенствования исполнения при работе с камерным ансамблем
Authors: Горбатько А.А. , Кладова-Штокман М.А
Published: July 2023

В статье обобщаются результаты исследования зарубежной практики работы с камерными ансамблями. Предлагаются методы совершенствования исполнения камерных сочинений ансамблями, состоящих преимущественно из струнно-смычковых инструментов. Данные способы работы над коллективным исполнением рекомендуются для использования на всех уровнях музыкального образования и в профессиональной деятельности
Особенности валеологического воспитания младших подростков во внеурочной деятельности в условиях общеобразовательной организации.
Authors: Дзюба А.И , Барнаш А.В.
Published: July 2023

В статье мы раскрываем проблему валеологического формирования установок ребенка подросткового возраста в отношении валеологического воспитания, то есть ценностное и ответственное отношение человека к себе и своему здоровью. Валеологическое воспитание подростков, проводимое во внеурочной деятельности, играет важную роль и иммет непрерывную связь в целостном процессе обучения детей в условиях общеобразовательной организации.
Профессиональные компетенции современного преподавателя иностранного языка в высших учебных заведениях
Authors: Ишаева О.В
Published: July 2023

В высших учебных заведениях наше время особую важность приобретают компетенции, которыми должен обладать преподаватель иностранного языка. В современном межкультурном обществе знание иностранных языков становится неотъемлемым фактором успеха и развития студентов, и в этом процессе роль преподавателей является ключевой. В данной статье представлен систематизированный обзор основных компетенций, которые требуются современному преподавателю иностранного языка. Она охватывает как языковые, так и педагогические навыки, а также специфические знания и умения, необходимые для эффективного преподавания в высших учебных заведениях. Важной составляющей компетенции преподавателя является не только владение целевым языком, но и глубокие теоретические знания в области лингвистики и методики преподавания иностранных языков. Кроме того, статья подчеркивает важность развития межкультурной компетенции, чтобы преподаватель мог успешно взаимодействовать со студентами разных культур и национальностей.В статье также затрагиваются вопросы оценки и контроля знаний, использования современных технологий и ресурсов в образовательном процессе, а также гибкости преподавателя в отношении изменяющихся потребностей студентов и применения инновационных методов обучения. Автор статьи призывает высшие учебные заведения обеспечивать профессиональное развитие преподавателей иностранного языка, предоставляя доступ к образовательным программам, тренингам и семинарам, которые способствуют развитию и повышению их компетенций. Также отмечается необходимость внедрения современных подходов и методов в преподавательскую практику, чтобы обеспечить качественное обучение иностранному языку в высших учебных заведениях
Идеи народности Константина Дмитриевича Ушинского как основа патриотического воспитания молодежи
Authors: Киселева Э.М.
Published: July 2023

В статье показана роль идей народности воспитания и образования К.Д. Ушинского для развития патриотического воспитания в российском образовании. Рассмотрены современные подходы к воспитанию патриота и гражданина в общеобразовательном учреждении. Показаны задачи воспитания молодежи в свете национальной политики. Выделены новые формы и методы воспитательной работы во внеурочной деятельности
Тематическая презентация как средство обучения устной речи в неязыковом ВУЗЕ
Authors: Охунова Д.Р.
Published: July 2023

В статье рассматриваются возможности использования тематической презентации как средства обучения устной речи. Представлены основные требования и этапы работы над презентацией. Произведен анализ ошибок, допускаемых студентами при создании презентации
Выгорание в юношеском спорте: факторы, последствия и превентивные меры
Authors: Балашов М.С. , Илюшин О.В
Published: July 2023

Выгорание в юношеском спорте является серьезной проблемой, которая может повлиять на физическое и психологическое благополучие юных спортсменов. Целью данной научной статьи является исследование факторов, приводящих к выгоранию в юношеском спорте, анализ последствий этого явления и предложение превентивных мер, направленных на предотвращение выгорания и создание здоровой и устойчивой среды для юных спортсменов
Профессиональное выгорание как тенденция современного общества
Authors: Тулупова Д.Ю , Береснева А. Г
Published: July 2023

Статья посвящена изучению синдрома профессионального выгорания, описаны причины и факторы, влияющие на возникновение профессионального выгорания у работников организации. Составлена группа сотрудников, подверженная наибольшему риску развития данного синдрома в современных условиях. В статье также рассмотрены негативные последствия у работника профессионального выгорания как для организации, так и для личности самого сотрудника. Выделены ключевые тенденции развития современного общества, влияющие на рост профессионального выгорания у работников.
Antigen-Based Diagnosis of Human Giardiasis: A Systematic Re-view and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Pouryousef Ali , Fararouei Mohammad , Sarkari Bahador
Published: July 2023

Background: We aimed to present a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies that used antigen-based assays for the diagnosis of human giardiasis.
Methods: All the related published literature cited within PubMed, ISI web of science, Google Scholar, Embase, and Scopus, were searched up to December 2021. The search terms, both as MeSH terms and text words, were “Giardia”, “Giardia lamblia”, “Giardia intestinalis", "giardiasis", combined with "diagnosis", "antigen detection", serodiagnosis, or serological diagnosis.  The required data was extracted from the papers. Pooled estimates of sensitivity and specificity were obtained and forest plots and summary receiver operating characteristics (SROC) plots were used to calculate sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV). 
Results: The search of databases found 1683 papers, of which 46 articles fulfilled our eligibility criteria. The sensitivity of antigen-based methods for the diagnosis of human giardiasis ranged from 45% (95% CI: 31-59%) to 100% (95% CI: 100-100%) and the pooled estimate of sensitivity was 92% (95% CI: 90-93%). The pooled estimated specificity was 97% (95% CI: 96-98%), ranged from 81% (95% CI: 68-89%) to 100% (95% CI: 98-100%). The summary estimate of PPV and NPV were 92 % (95% CI: 90-93%) and 97% (95% CI: 96-98%) respectively. Comparing the performance of the antigen detection assays by region revealed a significant difference in the assay's performances in different regions of the world.
Conclusion: The antigen-based detection methods have acceptable and satisfactory performance in the diagnosis of human giardiasis.  The task ahead is to identify more specific target antigens and design simpler, cheaper, and more sensitive methods for the diagnosis of this common worldwide-distributed parasitic infection.
The Larval Stages of Echinostoma spp. in Freshwater Snails as the First and Second Intermediate Hosts in Gilan and Mazandaran Provinces, Northern Iran
Authors: Aryaeipour Mojgan , Nezhad Fard Ramin Mazaheri , Molai Rad Mohammad Bagher , Pirestani Majid , Rouhani Soheila , Daryani Ahmad , Asadi Tina , Sarvi Shahabeddin , Rokni Mohammad Bagher
Published: July 2023

Background: Identification of the larval stages of Echinostoma spp. in freshwater snails is an essential guide to continue monitoring the possibility of their transmission and the potential of echinostomiasis in areas where trematodes are the primary agent of parasitic diseases. The aim of this study was investigate Echinostoma using morphological and molecular techniques.
Methods: The study was conducted in Gilan and Mazandaran Provinces, northern Iran, from April 2019 to October 2021. Overall, 5300 freshwater snails were randomly collected and were identified using external shell morphology. Meanwhile, snails infected with trematodes were studied via shedding and dissecting methods. Larvae stages of Echinostoma were identified and the genomic DNA of the samples was extracted. The PCR amplification of the ITSI gene was carried out for 17 isolates and products were sequenced. Seven sequences were deposited in GenBank.
Results: Totally, 3.5% of snails containing three species (Stagnicola sp., Radix sp. and Planorbis sp.) were infected with two types of cercaria, E. revolutum with 37 and Echinostoma sp. with 45 spines in the collar. Moreover, 35% of the snails were infected with Echinostoma spp. metacercaria. Phylogenetic analysis illustrated that isolates were included in two ITSI haplogroups.
Conclusion: Results showed the potential hazard of a zoonotic parasite as Echinostoma in northern Iran. The potential of disease environmental relationship investigation and resource control optimization is necessary for effective disease prevention and health management.
The Possible Relation of Demodex and Facial Erythema in Connective Tissue Diseases
Authors: Erden Abdulsamet , Armağan Berkan , Güven Serdar Can , Karakaş Özlem , Erden Fatma , Özdemir Bahar , Omma Ahmet , Küçükşahin Orhan
Published: July 2023

Background: We aimed to investigate the frequency of Demodex infestation and clinical implications in connective tissue disease patients with facial erythema.
Methods: Patients diagnosed with a connective tissue disease and had facial erythema were consecutively enrolled in the study from 2019-2020. An age and gender matched control group was formed from healthy volunteers. Presence of Demodex was investigated by standardized skin surface biopsy. Number of Demodex mites over 5 per centimeter square was considered meaningful for infestation. Topical or systemic metronidazole treatment was given to the connective tissue disease patients with Demodex infestation. Facial erythema visual analog scale was questioned in patients at treatment onset and one month after.
Results: A total of 31 connective tissue disease patients with facial erythema were enrolled. Control group included 31 healthy volunteers. Demographics and comorbidities were similar between groups. Demodex infestation was present in 58.1% of the disease group and in 25.8% of the control group (P=0.01). Pruritus was the most common symptom in patients with infestation. Median (IQR) facial erythema visual analog scale score was 6 (3) at treatment onset and was 2 (2.5) one month later (P<0.001).
Conclusion: When evaluating facial cutaneous lesions, Demodex infestation should not be overlooked in a patient group like connective tissue diseases with dysfunctional immune system.
Presentation of Epicardial and Intrapericardial Hydatid Cysts: A Case Series
Authors: Maleki Donya , Zeraatian-Nejad Davani Sam , Talebi-Taher Mahshid , Salemi Borna , Khanaliha Khadijeh
Published: July 2023

Hydatid cyst mainly involves the liver and lung; however, it can rarely involve cardiac tissue. This study describes the presence of hydatid cysts in the heart with considerable disease points in Tehran, Iran. Two cases aged between 25 to 50 years with cardiac hydatid cyst involvement were identified in 2021 in Tehran, Iran. Epicardial hydatid cyst between a left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) and left obtuse marginal artery (OM) on the left ventricle, and in the second case, intrapericardial cyst attached to the pulmonary trunk with a thin base were identified. The cardial cysts were resected, and the patients recovered without any complications.  Cardiac hydatid cyst is a very rare disease. Rapid diagnosis and surgical and medical care are necessary for treatment.
A Disseminated Echinococcosis Patient with Five Years Survival from Turkey: A Case Report
Authors: Karakök Taliha , Ata Nesrin , Kiliç Esra Kaya , Kinikli Sami
Published: July 2023

Echinococcosis is a parasitic disease characterized by cysts in especially liver and lung. We report a long-term survival of a 44-year-old female patient with disseminated echinococcal disease involving the brain, lung, liver, spleen, kidney, mediastinum, thyroid gland, parotid gland, pancreas, peritoneum, rectus muscle, pararenal area, left thigh, skin and breast tissue from Turkey in 2016.
A Rare Cause of Epistaxis: Nasopharyngeal Leech Infestation
Authors: Bektas Meltem , Yarimoglu Rafet , Ozcan Ayse , Baltaci Bulent , Basar Hulya
Published: July 2023

Leeches are rare cause of foreign body in airways. A 23-year-old male, experiencing epistaxis and difficulty in swallowing is presented. During nasopharyngoscopy, a moving leech was observed on the nasopharynx posterior wall in midline location, and removal of the leech was decided under general anaesthesia. The flexible nasopharyngoscopy was inserted, but removal was unsuccessful due to the leech’s movements. Leeches are blood-sucking parasites, so neuromuscular blocking agent was given to prevent the movement. After administration, motion of the leech was lost and easily removed undamaged. In patients presenting with unexplained epistaxis, hemoptysis, dyspnea, and foreign body sensation in the airway, leech infestation should be included as the differential diagnosis and history of contact with stream water should be questioned. We concluded that use of low dose neuromuscular blocking agents facilitates the gentle removal, and could be necessary for successful management of removal of leech under general anaesthesia.
COVID-19: Acanthamoeba Creeps into the Brain
Authors: Siddiqui Ruqaiyyah , Niyyati Maryam , Abouleish Mohamed Yehia , Khamis Mustafa , Ibrahim Taleb , Ahmed Khan Naveed
Published: July 2023

The Article Abstract is not available.
Genetic Structure of Aedes (Stegomyia) albopictus Populations in Russia
Authors: Shaikevich Elena , Karan Ludmila , Fedorova Marina
Published: July 2023

Background: Aedes (Stegomyia) albopictus was found for the first time in 2011 on the Black Sea coast in Russia, and dur­ing 2011–2019, the species expanded over two climate zones Cfa and Csa.
Methods: Here, we studied the sequence diversity of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) gene, 1317–1433bp in length. In total, 131 specimens of Ae. albopictus sampled from 21 locations in Russia and Abkhazia were examined.
Results: Two of the six identified mitochondrial haplotypes were detected for the first time. Four COI haplotypes were shared by at least two studied local populations. The most prevalent H1 and H2 haplotypes dominated in all the sampled localities in the Cfa zone. The H3 haplotype was prevalent in the Csa zone. Other haplotypes were rare. Phylogenetic analyses, spatial isolation and limited gene flow revealed that the samples from the Csa zone differed significantly from those from the Cfa zone.
Conclusion: Two spatially isolated genetic lineages exist in Ae. albopictus population in southern region of Russia. One lineage obtained on the seacoast and inland (in valleys of the Caucasus Mountains and steppe zone) is widely distribut[1]ed worldwide including Mediterranean populations. This confirms the hypothesis that the emergence of Ae. albopictus population in southern region of Russia may be associated with the terrestrial spread of mosquitoes from the well[1]established European population due to human activity. The other lineage, discovered in Novorossiysk, a maritime port, is similar to Ae. albopictus from the USA and Japan, suggesting the independent introduction of these mosquitoes.
Evaluation of the Time Course on the Effectiveness of WHO Standard Pyrethroid and Carbamate Impregnated Test Papers against Anopheles stephensi, the Main Malaria Vector in Iran
Authors: Dehghan Awat , Moosa-Kazemi Seyed Hassan , Sedaghat Mohammad Mehdi , Vatandoost Hassan , Hanafi-Bojd Ahmad Ali
Published: July 2023

Background: Anopheles stephensi is a major vector of malaria in some parts of the world. A standard method for de­termining resistance in adult mosquito populations is the bioassay test recommended by the world health organization (WHO). The papers used in this method have an expiry date. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of outdat­ed susceptibility test papers for use in insecticide resistance monitoring programs.
Methods: Beech and Bandar Abbas strains of An. stephensi were reared in the insectary. Permethrin 0.75%, Deltame­thrin 0.05%, and Bendiocarb 0.1% impregnated test papers prepared by Universiti Sains Malaysia were used. Probit analysis was used to analyze the results and prepare time-mortality regression lines of LT50 and LT90.
Results: There was a difference in the mortality of both tested strains of An. stephensi was exposed to all tested insecti­cides. Both expired and not expired Permethrin and Deltamethrin papers induced 100% mortality at the diagnostic time (60min), but their insecticidal properties were reduced gradually in serial times. The highest efficacy of test papers was in the first trimester after the expiry date and decreased over time.
Conclusion: At the diagnostic time of 60 minutes, the mortality rate of both dated and expired papers was 100% in the pyrethroid insecticides, even three years after expiry dates, if stored in the package provided by the producer, in a re­frigerator. This value was reduced to less than 100% in the expired papers of Bendiocarb comparing the dated papers that induced 100% mortality.
Comparison of Sleep Quality in Kidney Transplant Recipients vs. Hemodialysis Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Shamspour Marjan , Shamspour Najmeh , Kharazmi Nazanin , Azmandian Jalal , Dehghani Azam , Zare Mohamad Reza
Published: July 2023

Background and Objective: Determining sleep quality in hemodialysis patients and kidney transplant recipients can provide valuable clinical information for planning treatment and care in this group of patients. Thus, we compared sleep quality between hemodialysis patients and kidney transplant recipients.
Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 60 transplant patients and 60 hemodialysis patients were selected using convenience sampling method. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) with 89% validity and 86% reliability was used to assess patients' sleep quality.
Results: The mean PSQI score was higher in the hemodialysis group (7.78) than the kidney transplantation group (6.15). This indicates that the sleep quality in hemodialysis patients is worse than in patients after kidney transplantation (P = 0.028). The frequency of poor sleep quality in hemodialysis patients was higher than in kidney transplant patients [50(83.3%) vs. 37(61.7%)].
Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that kidney transplant recipients have better sleep quality than hemodialysis patients.
Investigating Sleep Quality and Its Relationship with Mental Health in Patients with β-Thalassemia Major
Authors: Jahanbakhsh Farzaneh , Shamspour Marjan , Mahmoodian Saeed , Shamspour Maryam
Published: July 2023

Background and Objective: Beta-thalassemia major is an important health problem in Iran. A high rate of psychiatric disorders has been reported in patients with thalassemia in different surveys and may be one of the reasons that cause problems in the quality of their sleep. Although sleep quality is important for the health and quality of life (QOL) of these patients, a limited study in Iran on sleep quality and its relation to the mental health status of these patients has been conducted so far.
Materials and Methods: A total of 101 patients with thalassemia were assessed. Data were collected via a demographic information checklist, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and the 28-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28).
Results: Participants in this study had an average age of 25.90 ± 5.63 years and 71 (70.30%) of them were women. Seventy-seven patients (76.2%) suffered from poor sleep quality while the mean and standard deviation (SD) of the patients' total general health score (31.66 ± 11.35) was good at the general health level. Among the demographic factors, there was a significant relationship between job and sleep quality. Sleep quality, subjective sleep quality, sleep delay, sleep duration, sleep disorders, use of sleeping pills, and daily functional disorders had a positive and significant relationship with general health.
Conclusion: Thalassemia reduces the quality of sleep. There is a positive and significant association between sleep quality and general health, meaning that by improving sleep quality, patients have a greater chance of improving their general health.
What does dermoscopy tell us about nevus spilus?
Authors: Chhiti Sokaina , Soughi Meriem , Bouraqqadi Oumaima , Douhi Zakia , Elloudi Sara , Baybay Hanane , Mernissi Fatimazahra
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Nevus spilus (NS) is a pigmented lesion characterized by multiple macules or pigmented papules within a pigmentation. Initially was described by Burkley in 1842, this nevus has since been the subject of numerous publications, especially with regard to the debates about the appearance of melanomas within the lesion, hence the interest of a dermoscopic examination of screening and monitoring.  Objectives: Our aim is to describe dermoscopic patterns of NS in a research-based case study. Materials and methods: This is a prospective and descriptive study of 20 patients collected in our training over a period of 1 year. Results: we collected 20 patients whose average age was 34,5 years with sex-ratio 0.17. Clinically, all nevi were localized confetti macular, for the majority of cases, at the level of the trunk and the extremities. On dermoscopy, the reticular pattern was the most frequent in 08 cases followed by the homogeneous pattern in 07 cases than the mixed pattern: homogeneous patterns - reticular and homogeneous-globular, reticular-granular giving a characteristic sparkler appearance without signs of atypia. One patient underwent a biopsy confirming the diagnosis. None of our patients presented with melanoma. Conclusion: Naevus spilus is a benign lesion. However, a melanoma can develop even if it is rare, hence the interest of an exhaustive and regular skin examination with recourse to dermoscopy, showing the atypical aspects requiring excision from the outset.
La labor de la preservación: reflexiones acerca del Repositorio del Centro de Referencias en Políticas Culturales (FCRB/BR)
Authors: Ferreira Anderson Albérico
Published: July 2023

La preservación de la memoria y la información en Brasil ha sufrido cambios y pérdidas en los últimos años, lo que pone en peligro importantes documentos y bienes culturales de la nación.
La arquitectura como bisagra en el contexto de los estudios interdisciplinares
Authors: Lourdes Albornoz
Published: July 2023

Esta reflexión surge a partir del evento denominado I Jornadas virtuales Interdisciplinarias Arquitectura, enmarcada en la XVII Semana del Diseño, de la Facultad de Diseño y Comunicación de la Universidad de Palermo.
Über den Sweet Spot des Deutens und die Traumarbeit als Leasingvertrag
Authors: Ludwig Fabian
Published: July 2023

Seit 2019 betreiben Mitglieder des Vereins The Missing Link und des Psychoanalytischen Seminars Zürich das Projekt Traumstation. Per E-Mail können Träume eingereicht werden, welche kostenlos und anonym mit einer Deutung beantwortet werden – bei entsprechendem Einverständnis auch in Form einer Audiodeutung im Podcast Traumstation. Träume werden hier also in einem neuartigen Setting gedeutet, welches sich von der an Funktionalität orientierten klinischen Situation mit dem entsprechenden Erwartungsdruck entkoppelt hat, und neue Perspektiven auf das Deuten und auf das «Ich unter Druck» eröffnet. Dieser Beitrag ist die erweiterte Fassung eines Vortrags, welcher am Psychoanalytischen Seminar Luzern gehalten wurde.
AMMI and GGE Stability Analysis of Drought Tolerant Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L) Genotypes for Target Environments
Authors: Rao P. Jagan Mohan , Sandhyakishore N. , Srinivasan S. , Sandeep S. , Praveen G. , Neelima G. , Kumar G. Anil
Published: July 2023

Background: Chickpea is an important nutrient rich food legume cultivated mainly as rainfed crop in arid and semiarid regions of India. Due to changed climatic conditions incidence of frequent drought stress events are causing significant yield losses, Methods: In order to identify superior and locally adaptable genotypes under rainfed conditions multi-environment chickpea evaluation trial was conducted in five environments with 50 genotypes during Rabi, 2021-2022 stability analysis for grain yield was performed by deploying the AMMI (Additive Main Effects and Multiplicative Interaction) model and GGE (Genotype and Genotype by Environment) biplot method with an aim to identify the high yielding stable chickpea genotypes. Result: The AMMI analysis of variance for grain yield (kg ha-1) of 50 chickpea genotypes revealed significant genotype, environment, and G×E interaction indicating the presence of variability among the genotypes and environments. The mean grain yield of 50 genotypes over environments ranged from 1296 kg/ha (G39) to 2222 kg/ha (G8). The Genotype G24 exhibited high grain yield than mean yield with specific adaptability for the environment E2 (Palem). The results indicated that, environment E5 (Warangal) was identified as the best suited for potential expression of grain yield. Results of stability analysis revealed that G 17exhibited high grain yield along with high stability across the locations with desirable mean performance.
De la muerte del arte a su dispersión
Authors: Correa Eduardo
Published: July 2023

Desde que Hegel declarara el arte como “cosa del pasado”, diversas posturas han discutido sus posibilidades de existencia y ocaso, mientras el arte mismo se ha visto en la incomodidad de la indefinición de sus condiciones ontológicas y de sus espacios de circulación. Esa indefinición, no obstante, permitió que ciertas operaciones y modos de hacer artísticos se desplazaran hacia escenarios abiertos y no institucionales. Una vez trazada una ruta hermenéutica desde la estética hegeliana hasta la actualidad, a partir de modelos de análisis como los Estudios visuales, la teoría de Boris Groys o Nicolas Bourriaud, o el sistema modal de Jordi Claramonte, es posible pensar las condiciones de posibilidad actuales del arte en la medida de sus entrecruzamientos y del desplazamiento de su objeto desde la creación hacia la circulación. Sin que haya desaparecido la plataforma de legitimación institucional, las variaciones en las que se despliegan los códigos artísticos en la cultura visual contemporánea desestiman la posibilidad de reclamarse como obras de arte, y se limitan a hacer un uso táctico de formas de relación y producción. De ahí que la demarcación de los escenarios de supervivencia del arte pueda resumirse en el traslado de la categoría arte, como sustantivo, hacia la movilidad versátil del adjetivo artístico.
Séroconversion envers le virus respiratoire syncytial bovin dans un élevage caprin atteint de pneumonie au Zaïre
Authors: Jetteur P. , Lefèbvre P. , Schandevyl P.
Published: July 2023

Des sérums couplés ont été prélevés dans un élevage caprin atteint de pneumonie au Zaïre. La présence d'anticorps envers le virus respiratoire syncytial bovin a été recherchée par un test de séroneutralisation. Sur 26 animaux, 9 possédaient déjà des anticorps lors de la première prise de sang, 9 ont présenté une séroconversion et 8 sont restés séronégatifs durant les deux mois d'observation. Ces résultats suggèrent l'utilité d'étudier la fréquence de l'infection des petits ruminants par ce virus et son impact clinique et économique en Afrique centrale.
Résultats de recherches sur les écrans pour la lutte contre Glossina tachinoides en zone de savane soudano-guinéenne (Burkina Faso)
Authors: Mérot P. , Filledier J.
Published: July 2023

Des expériences étudiant le comportement de Glossina tachinoides vis­à-vis des couleurs bleue et blanche ont été réalisées au Burkina Faso. La comparaison de l’apport respectif, pour un écran bleu, du tissu blanc et de fine moustiquaire noire, a été faite. Les résultats montrent que le bleu est plus attractif que le blanc pour Glossina tachinoides, mais que cette dernière couleur incite davantage les glossines à se poser. La moustiquaire noire, invisible pour les glossines, intercepte plus de mouches qu’il ne s’en pose sur le blanc. II y a une modification du sex-ratio en faveur des femelles. On note une forte variabilité saisonnière de l’efficacité et une perte progressive du blanc due à la dégradation du colorant. Une comparaison avec les résultats obtenus sur d’autres espèces de glossines est faite.
Morpheme-like prosodic functions
Authors: Liu Fang , Xu Yi , Prom-on Santitham , Yu Alan C. L.
Published: July 2023

In this paper we address the long-standing issue of how prosodic patterns are linked to meanings. We explore the idea that prosodically realized communicative functions, such as focus and sentence modality, are analogous to lexical morphemes, the smallest sound units that carry meaning. We considered evidence of a four-way similarity between lexical morphemes and prosodic functions. First, similar to lexical morphemes, each prosodic function consists of multiple phonetic components. Second, like segmental phonemes, individual prosodic components are meaningless themselves, but act jointly to mark both intraand inter-functional contrasts. Third, like lexical morphemes, prosodic functions have allomorph-like variants whose occurrences are conditioned by factors like location in sentence and interaction with other prosodic functions. Finally, similar to lexical morphemes, prosodic functions are language-specific and the specificity has likely historical sources. We examined the evidence by a) reviewing existing literature on speech prosody, b) conducting two new experiments on the production of focus and sentence modality in General American English and Mandarin Chinese, and c) training an articulatory-functional model on focus, modality, tone and stress in English and Mandarin, and synthesizing fully-detailed F0 contours with the learned functional targets. Overall, all the evidence examined is in support of the hypothesis. In particular, the consistency between the target parameters obtained from acoustic analysis and computational modeling, and the close match between functionally synthesized and naturally produced F0 contours demonstrate the plausibility of establishing a clear link between function-specific categorical representations and fine-detailed surface prosody.
Kontribusi National Endowment for Democracy (NED) dalam Aksi Protes Domestik di Thailand Tahun 2020-2021
Authors: Rahmah Elfa Aulia
Published: July 2023

Thailand merupakan negara yang memiliki sejarah panjang konflik militer dan politik sehingga pada beberapa tahun terakhir masih terjadi aksi protes domestik. Para demonstran menuntut reformasi konstitusi, mundurnya Perdana Menteri Prayut Chan-o-cha serta perubahan pada monarki. Tulisan ini mengulas kontribusi National Endowment for Democracy (NED) dalam aksi protes domestik pada tahun 2020-2021 di Thailand untuk menuntut pemerintah Thailand untuk merubah konstitusi. Secara khusus, penulis berusaha melihat bagaimana respon, peran, dan strategi yang dilakukan oleh organisasi nonpemerintah (NGO) kemanusiaan National Endowment for Democracy (NED) sebagai salah satu pemangku kepentingan (stakeholder) dalam kaitannya dengan mempengaruhi protes domestik di Thailand untuk menuntut pemerintah Thailand untuk merubah konstitusi. Argumen utama penulis adalah kontribusi NED pada memberikan pengaruh terhadap protes domestik di Thailand untuk mengubah konstitusi dengan menggunakan strategi Shaming & Blaming Strategy. NED melakukan kontribusi untuk mempengaruhi protes domestik tidak langsung dengan mempengaruhi aktor lain seperti NGO Thailand Thai Lawyers for Human Rights (TLHR), iLaw, dan media online.
Keywords: Thailand, INGO, National Endowment for Democracy (NED), Hak Asasi Manusia, Demokrasi
Milk-borne small extracellular vesicles: kinetics and mechanisms of transport, distribution, and elimination
Authors: Ngu Alice , Munir Javaria , Zempleni Janos
Published: July 2023

Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) in milk have the qualities desired for delivering therapeutics to diseased tissues. The production of bovine milk sEVs is scalable (1021 annually per cow), and they resist degradation in the gastrointestinal tract. Most cells studied to date internalize milk sEVs by a saturable process that follows Michaelis-Menten kinetics. The bioavailability of oral milk sEVs is approximately 50%. In addition to crossing the intestinal mucosa, milk sEVs also cross barriers such as the placenta and blood-brain barrier, thereby enabling the delivery of therapeutics to hard-to-reach tissues. In time course studies, levels of milk sEVs peaked in the intestinal mucosa, plasma, and urine approximately 6 h and returned to baseline 24 h after oral gavage in mice. In tissues, milk sEV levels peaked 12 h after gavage. Milk sEVs appear to be biologically safe. No cytokine storm was observed when milk sEVs were added to cultures of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells or administered orally to rats. Liver and kidney function and erythropoiesis were not impaired when milk sEVs were administered to rats by oral gavage for up to 15 days. Protocols for loading milk sEVs with therapeutic cargo are available. Currently, the use of milk sEVs (and other nanoparticles) in the delivery of therapeutics is limited by their rapid elimination through internalization by macrophages and lysosomal degradation in target cells. This mini review discusses the current knowledge base of sEV tissue distribution, excretion in feces and urine, internalization by macrophages, and degradation in lysosomes.
Analysis of the need for ICT (Information and Communication Technology) based biology teaching materials at the high school level
Authors: Musdahlipah Musdahlipah , Wicaksana Ervan Johan , Yelianti Upik , Widyaningsih Puji Rizky
Published: July 2023

Based on the demands of the learning curriculum in the classroom, it must create an atmosphere that is active, creative, analytical, and critical in solving problems through the development of thinking skills. However, the involvement of students in learning activities in class is still low. The research aims to determine the need for ICT-based biology teaching materials and the constraints in applying them. The research used a qualitative descriptive approach, the subjects of the research were class X students, biology teachers, ICT teachers, and Deputy Principal for Curriculum. The sampling technique used purposive sampling technique. The research procedure goes through three stages, namely preparation, implementation, and member check. Based on the research results, the biology learning process still uses contextual models and lecture methods. It is also that 83.3% of students said they needed ICT teaching materials to understand the material, concretize abstract material, and increase interaction in the learning process. Constraints in implementing ICT-based teaching materials are classified into physical and non-physical facilities. Physical facilities in the form of learning equipment, while non-physical means lack time and lack of training in designing ICT-integrated learning. Teacher expertise in ICT-based learning needs to be trained so that students can be more active in the learning process.AbstrakBerdasarkan tuntutan kurikulum pembelajaran di kelas harus menciptakan suasana yang aktif, kreatif, analisis, dan kritis dalam pemecahan masalah melalui pengembangan keterampilan berpikir. Namun keterlibatan peserta didik dalam kegiatan pembelajaran di kelas masih rendah. Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui kebutuhan bahan ajar biologi berbasis TIK dan kendala dalam menerapkannya. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif, subjek penelitian adalah peserta didik kelas X, guru biologi, guru TIK dan Wakil Kepala Sekolah Bidang Kurikulum. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Prosedur penelitian melalui tiga tahap yaitu persiapan, pelaksanaan, dan member check. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, proses pembelajaran biologi masih menggunakan model kontekstual dan metode ceramah. Diketahui pula 83,3% peserta didik mengungkapkan membutuhkan bahan ajar TIK untuk memahami materi, mengkonkretkan materi yang abstrak, serta meningkatkan interaksi dalam proses pembelajaran. Kendala dalam menerapkan bahan ajar berbasis TIK digolongkan menjadi dua yaitu sarana fisik dan non fisik. Sarana fisik berupa peralatan belajar, sedangkan secara non fisik adalah kekurangan waktu dan belum terlatihnya dalam mendesain pembelajaran terintegrasi TIK. Keahliah guru dalam melaksanakan pembelajaran berbasis TIK perlu dilatih agar peserta didik dapat lebih aktif dalam proses pembelajaran.
Development of an Automated Scoring Model Using SentenceTransformers for Discussion Forums in Online Learning Environments
Authors: Dhini Bachriah Fatwa , Girsang Abba Suganda
Published: July 2023

Due to the limitations of public datasets, research on automatic essay scoring in Indonesian has been restrained and resulted in suboptimal accuracy. In general, the main goal of the essay scoring system is to improve execution time, which is usually done manually with human judgment. This study uses a discussion forum in online learning to generate an assessment between the responses and the lecturer's rubric in the automated essay scoring. A SentenceTransformers pre-trained model that can construct the highest vector embedding was proposed to identify the semantic meaning between the responses and the lecturer's rubric. The effectiveness of monolingual and multilingual models was compared. This research aims to determine the model's effectiveness and the appropriate model for the Automated Essay Scoring (AES) used in paired sentence Natural Language Processing tasks. The distiluse-base-multilingual-cased-v1 model, which employed the Pearson correlation method, obtained the highest performance. Specifically, it obtained a correlation value of 0.63 and a mean absolute error (MAE) score of 0.70. It indicates that the overall prediction result is enhanced when compared to the earlier regression task research.
Error Estimation through Computational Analysis of the Fluid Flow over Expanding Cylinder with Gyrotactic Microbe
Authors: Awwad Fuad A. , Ismail Emad A. A. , Khan Waris , Gul Taza , Khan Abdul Samad
Published: July 2023

This study presents the numerical investigation of bioconvective nanofluid (NF) flow compris-ing gyrotactic microorganisms through convective boundary conditions (CBC) enclosing heat and mass transmission analysis above an inclined extending cylinder. Via appropriate transfor-mation, the set of Partial Differential Equations is transformed into a scheme of nonlinear ODEs. A new set of variables are presented in the directive to get the first-order convectional equations and, then solved numerically by using bvp4c. The influence of several factors on velocity, ener-gy, concentration, and the density of motile microorganisms (DMM) is investigated and exam-ined. The analysis describes and addresses all physical measures of concentration such as Skin Friction (SF), Sherwood number (SN), DMM, and Nusselt number (NN). The present conse-quences display a validation with published. For confirmation of bvp4c, the ND-solve approach is also applied. Error analysis is also examined for the confirmation of the mathematical model.
The Program for Control of Visceral Leishmaniasis in Brazil: Effect of Systematic Euthanasia of Seropositive Dogs as Single Control Action in Porteirinha, a Brazilian City with Intense Transmission of Visceral Leishmaniasis
Authors: França-Silva João Carlos , Giunchetti Rodolpho Cordeiro , Mariano Reysla Maria da Silveira , Machado Coelho George Luiz Lins , Teixeira Luciana de Almeida Silva , Barata Ricardo Andrade , Michalsky Érika Monteiro , Rocha Marilia Fonseca , Fortes-Dias Consuelo Latorre , Dias Edelberto Santos
Published: July 2023

Background: Porteirinha is endemic for visceral leishmaniasis (VL), with intense disease transmission of the disease. We evaluated the impact of canine euthanasia as a single control measure on the incidence of VL in humans and canines. Methods: A prospective observational cohort study was carried out over four years (1998–2002) in eight of the 12 neighborhoods of the city. The dynamics of canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) transmission were evaluated for 2 years, before beginning the screening-culling intervention. The comparative morbidity index (CMI) was used to stratify areas with the greatest risk of CVL, and the spatial distribution of human and canine VL cases was compared using univariate and bivariate K functions. Results: Human cases conglomerated in three neighborhoods. Spatial clusters were detected for CVL in 1998, 2000, and 2001, but not in 1999, when greater spatial dispersion occurred. The screening and culling intervention reduced the number of human VL cases and decreased the incidence of CVL, mainly in neighbor-hoods with a high CMI. Conclusions: The systematic euthanasia of seropositive dogs was shown to be an effective control action of the Program for Control of Visceral Leishmaniasis (PCLV) in Brazil. The fundamental role of domestic dogs in the epidemiological chain of VL was reaffirmed.
Response of Cultured Primary Human Gingival and Periodontal Ligament Cells to Angiotensin II and IL1β Challenges
Authors: Garbieri Thais Francini , Dionísio Thiago José , Colombini-Ishikiriama Bella Luna , Silva Rafaela Alves da , Lara Vanessa Soares , Oliveira Sandra Helena Penha de , Fernandes Maria Helena , Greene Andrew Seth , Santos Carlos Ferreira
Published: July 2023

Angiotensin II (Ang II) plays a role in several inflammatory diseases and is capable of inducing the release of inflammatory mediators in several cell types. The objective was to investigate the potential of Ang II to induce mRNA expression of inflammatory mediators by cultured primary human periodontal cells. A synergistic effect of a co-treatment with Ang II and IL1β on mRNA expression of inflammatory mediators was also explored. Primary cultures of human fibroblast-like cells isolated from gingival and periodontal ligament tissues from 3 subjects were established using explant techniques. Immunophenotyping of STRO-1, Ang II type 1 receptor (AT1R) and Ang II type 2 receptor (AT2R) was performed by flow cytometry analysis. Cell cultures were challenged with Ang II (1M) for 3, 6 and 24h with or without a co-treatment with IL1β (0.1ng/mL) for 24h. mRNA expression of inflammatory mediators was performed by real time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). We present, for the first time, a precise quantification for AT1R and AT2R on human gingival and periodontal fibroblast-like cell types; the percentage of positive immunostaining compared to the total population of cells varied from 3.35% through 5.29% for AT1R and 2.97% through 4.57% for AT2R. Ang II slightly upregulated mRNA expression of IL6 and CCL2/MCP1 in gingival cells and IL8 and PTGS2/COX2 in periodontal ligament cells. IL1β induced upregulation of IL8, IL6 CCL2/MCP1, PTGS2/COX2 and IL1β mRNA in both cell types. Co-treatment with Ang II and IL1β did not show a synergistic effect under these experimental conditions. Ang II shows a low potential to induce mRNA upregulation of inflammatory mediators in cultured primary human gingival and periodontal ligament cells, most likely due to the low percentage of Ang II receptors in such cells, and no synergistic effect with the co-treatment with IL1β.
The Application of Zebrafish Model in the Study of Idiopathic Scoliosis
Authors: Ren Keyi , Shi Mijuan , Cheng Yingyin , Zhang Wanting , Wang Yaping , Xia Xiao-Qin
Published: July 2023

Idiopathic scoliosis (IS) is an unexplained dysplasia of the spine that can occur at any age, with idiopathic scoliosis making up the largest proportion of the total population worldwide, approximately 2-3%. Scoliosis is not just a cosmetic defect, but the development of the spinal deformity can lead to cardiovascular and respiratory lesions, often resulting in serious health problems. Treatment of the condition usually involves major surgery, which is both a physical and financial burden for patients. In order to clarify the aetiology of IS and provide a theoretical basis for new diagnostic and treatment methods IS, it is important to use different animal models for experiments. Zebrafish is an emerging model animal with a short reproductive cycle, minimal breeding expenses, and other beneficial traits including in vitro fertilisation, in vitro development, and embryo transparency. As a result, genetic alteration and observation are simpler than with traditional model animals. This study examines the history of animal models for IS research, focuses on the benefits and drawbacks of zebrafish as an IS model and the advances it provides to IS research, and anticipates zebrafish application prospects in IS research.
Learning from the Past: Parametric Analysis of Cob Walls
Authors: Jiménez Rios Alejandro
Published: July 2023

We have much to learn from historic buildings. The fact that they are still standing is obvious, but unfortunately often not appreciated. In this paper the results obtained from a series of parametric analyses, where the influence that geometric and mechanical parameters have in the structural response of existing cob walls within an Irish context, are presented. A design of experiments using central composite designs was implemented along with analysis of variance following two computational approaches, namely, finite element method and kinematic limit analysis. As results, a series of response surfaces and parametric equations with which it is possible to compute safety factors and collapse multipliers (within the range of values studied) are provided. Based on the results obtained, it could be concluded that traditional cob walls in Ireland are very robust. Relatively high acceleration values, unlikely to happen in a low seismic hazard region such as Ireland, would be needed to start the collapse mechanisms studied or cause yielding in typical vernacular cob walls. Furthermore, the equations generated with the refined regression models, can be used by practitioners as a first approach to estimate the safety levels of existing cob buildings with similar characteristics.
The Fatal Defects in Cast Al-Si Alloys Due to Sn Addition
Authors: Xiao Yao , Wang Jicheng , Deng Qianyu , Feng Li , Peng Dianming , Feng Hui , Li Kai , Du Yong
Published: July 2023

The cast defects strongly degrade the mechanical properties in cast alloys. The effect of Sn addition on Al-Si alloys was investigated by 3D computed tomography, SEM and TEM. Amorphous Sn oxides are found near the alumina film, cause more shrinkage pores, initiate cracks and deteriorate mechanical properties. This work suggests not adding Sn in various Al alloys used in cast state.