bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
COMPORTAMENTO ALIMENTAR DE ESTUDANTES DO CURSO DE NUTRIÇÃO DE UM CENTRO UNIVERSITÁRIO DO MUNICIPIO VÁRZEA GRANDE - MT
Authors: Louzada Donizete Ricardo da Silva , Silva Lysandra Isabelle de Morais e , Cordovez Mayara Salzedas , Taki Marina Satie
Published: December 2024

O comportamento alimentar sofre a influência de diversos fatores, dentre os quais podem ser destacados o local, horário, disponibilidade, número de acompanhantes durante a refeição e esse comportamento pode se alterar com o passar do tempo, de forma benéfica ou não à saúde. Como o comportamento vai além do indivíduo, devem ser levadas em consideração também as características da comunidade onde está inserido. Dentro da comunidade universitária, destacam-se os estudantes de nutrição, que passam por uma pressão social para manter a aparência e boa forma, além de que há o estigma de que, por conta dos conhecimentos adquiridos durante a formação, os mesmos teriam um comportamento alimentar que resultaria em uma alimentação saudável e nutricionalmente adequada. Portanto, discutir sobre o comportamento alimentar dos estudantes de nutrição é importante para verificar quanto a formação profissional interfere no ato de comer. Objetivo: Avaliar o comportamento alimentar dos estudantes do curso de Nutrição do Centro Universitário do Município de Várzea Grande, dos primeiros (1º ao 4º semestre) aos últimos semestres (5º ao 8º semestre). Materiais e métodos: Aplicou-se um questionário online para a coleta de dados relacionados ao comportamento alimentar dos alunos, de ambos os sexos, amostra por conveniência, durante o ano de 2023, pelos alunos do curso de nutrição. Foi utilizado um inquérito contendo: sexo, idade, estado civil, renda, curso e semestre e foi aplicado o Questionário Holandês do Comportamento Alimentar (QHCA). Para a tabulação dos dados utilizou-se o programa Microsoft Office Excel, no qual foi aplicada a análise estatística de frequência absoluta, através dos dados tabulados no Formulário do Google. Resultados: Foi obtida uma amostra de 60 estudantes do curso de nutrição, sendo a maioria deles do sexo feminino (88,3%), solteiros (71,7%), matriculados no turno matutino (88,3%), que somente estudam (66,7%), na faixa etária de 18 a 25 anos (63,3%) e cursando os últimos semestres (63,3%). Em relação ao comportamento alimentar, comparando-se os primeiros e últimos semestres, os alunos dos semestres finais apresentaram majoritariamente comportamento bom, enquanto os dos semestres iniciais tiveram a prevalência do comportamento ruim. Entretanto, analisando-se o comportamento ruim, verificou-se que nos primeiros semestres a influência maior é pela questão de ingestão externa, enquanto nos semestres finais a influência se dá pela ingestão emocional.
Palavras-chave: Comportamento alimentar; Acadêmicos; Nutrição.
FATORES DE RISCO ASSOCIADOS A LETALIDADE POR COVID-19 NA POPULAÇÃO PEDIÁTRICA E ADOLESCENTE BRASILEIRA
Authors: Alves Amanda Cristiny da Silva , Couto Ana Cláudia Silva , Borsonaro Brenda Gomes , Ojima Breno Silva , Santos Hugo Dias Hoffman , Dombrosk Thais Caroline Dallabona , Elias Rosa Maria , Paredes Laura Denise Pereira , Dotto Cláudia Perdomo
Published: December 2024

Diante da atual pandemia pelo novo coronavírus (SARS-CoV-2) existem diversos fatores que tem influência direta sobre o desfecho óbito que ainda necessitam de maior esclarecimento, principalmente na faixa etária pediátrica, inicialmente classificada como um grupo fora de risco para o desenvolvimento de formas graves da doença. Objetivos: Analisar os principais fatores de risco associados a letalidade por COVID-19 em indivíduos de 0-19 anos hospitalizados por Síndrome Respiratória Aguda Grave (SRAG) no período de 2020 a setembro de 2021 no Brasil. Métodos: Estudo epidemiológico de corte transversal realizado com 1134 pacientes pediátricos e adolescentes hospitalizados com SRAG, com teste rt-PCR detectável para SARS-CoV-2, entre o ano de 2020 a setembro de 2021, coletados do banco de dados do OpenDataSUS, utilizando o sistema do SIVEPGripe, sendo avaliadas variáveis sintomáticas, intrínsecas e comorbidades. Resultados: Foi evidenciado associação positiva com o desfecho óbito pacientes com Síndrome de Down (SD), cardiopatia, imunodepressão, doença renal crônica (DRC), hepatopatia crônica, doença neurológica, que apresentaram febre, desconforto respiratório, dispneia, saturação de oxigênio menor que 95% e que internaram em UTI.
 
Palavras-chave: SARS-CoV-2; Pediatria; Comorbidades; Letalidade.
A INFANTILIZAÇÃO DA MULHER NA PORNOGRAFIA COMO FERRAMENTA DE NORMALIZAÇÃO DA PEDOFILIA
Authors: Biondo Ana Júlia dos Santos , Sobrinho Leonardo Corrêa , Abrão Maria Julia Rocha Gonçalves de Oliveira , Aurea Yasmin Cardoso , Costa Yasmim Prestes , Picolo Julia Molitor Souza
Published: December 2024

O presente estudo trata-se de um ensaio teórico que abordará como a infantilização das mulheres dentro da mídia, mais especificamente na indústria pornográfica, contribui para a normalização da pedofilia. Dentro desse escopo, busca-se investigar a ligação entre a infantilização de mulheres na indústria pornográfica e a normalização da pedofilia por meio de um aprofundamento a respeito da história da pornografia e o que se define por pedofilia no Brasil, bem como uma análise da conexão entre padrões de beleza e/ou comportamentos femininos e a pedofilia, e uma discussão visando explorar a linha tênue entre o conteúdo fetichista produzido e consumido a pedofilia. O objetivo em tese é o desenvolvimento de uma análise (ou estudo) cultural, que tem como foco um aprofundamento em processos socioculturais.
Palavras-chaves: Infantilização da mulher; Pornografia; Pedofilia; Estudo de gênero; Análise cultural.
Impacto da Ferramenta “Fazendo as Contas” na Capacitação do Projeto São José III - 2ª Fase
Authors: Costa Sousa Erika , De Souza Junior Moacir , Augusto Xavier Lima Filipe
Published: December 2024

O Projeto São José desempenha um importante papel no empoderamento das mulheres em áreas rurais do estado do Ceará, especialmente por meio da ferramenta "Fazendo as Contas," inovadora na promoção da gestão eficiente e comercialização de produtos. A pesquisa buscou avaliar a eficácia da formação no uso da referida ferramenta pedagógica e metodológica no contexto do Projeto São José III - 2ª fase, por meio de um estudo de caso com as agricultoras da Cooperativa União dos Agricultores Familiares de Paracuru (Coopuafam), utilizando um questionário elaborado pela Gerência de Planejamento, Monitoramento e Avaliação (Geplama) e a Assessoria de Gestão Social (Ageso). Os resultados indicaram alta satisfação das participantes com o curso sobre o "Fazendo as Contas," evidenciando a eficiência da abordagem pedagógica ao tornar o conteúdo acessível. A ferramenta foi considerada fácil de aprender e utilizar, contribuindo para o eficaz processo de construção do conhecimento. As participantes expressaram interesse em futuras etapas de formação. A pesquisa ressaltou a importância da coleta ágil de informações para identificar e superar obstáculos nas próximas etapas dos cursos, além de destacar a necessidade de conscientização sobre a importância de responder a questionários avaliativos. As recomendações visam à melhoria constante do projeto, contribuindo para o desenvolvimento econômico nas comunidades rurais do Ceará.
tradições inventadas
Authors: Gonçalves dos Santos Laryssa , Oliveira de Souza Paula , Maldonado da Silva Renata , Teixeira Simonne
Published: December 2024

O presente artigo visa descrever as problemáticas existentes na construção da identidade dos educandos mediante a uma política educacional e patrimonial eurocêntrica. Visa ainda, discutir como ocorre a abordagem da temática dentro da Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC), observando os conceitos de identidade, currículo e políticas afirmativas. Neste sentido, este trabalho objetivou evidenciar a importância da educação, no que se refere ao ensino regular e aos espaços não formais, especificamente o espaço museal no fortalecimento das identidades dos educandos. A fim de alcançar os objetivos propostos, este trabalho optou pelo método qualitativo, descritivo em que foi realizada uma análise documental da BNCC, e ainda, em observações de campo no Museu Histórico de Campos dos Goytacazes/RJ, a fim de investigar como tem sido abordada e contemplada a diversidade cultural dentro deste espaço não formal e os possíveis protagonismos afro e indígenas. Este artigo permitiu discussões que ressaltam como o ensino ainda dotado de tradições inventadas atua de modo a corroborar a homogeneidade e/ou à mutilação das identidades.
Associação entre prática pedagógica, dificuldades de aprendizagem e inclusão educacional em professores da educação básica
Authors: Ferreira Ana Paula , Bessa Sônia , Marques Ferraz Saraiva Flaviany
Published: December 2024

Esta investigação com aporte teórico na formação de professores tem como objetivo averiguar as dificuldades de professores dos anos iniciais em três dimensões: ação pedagógica, processo de inclusão educacional e processos de ensino aprendizagem. Foi constituída amostra com 59 professores que atuam nos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental. Foi utilizada uma escala tipo Likert com 11 itens com abordagem em três dimensões de dificuldade: ação pedagógica, inclusão educacional e processo de ensino aprendizagem. O professor que tem dificuldade com a prática pedagógica em sala de aula também tem dificuldades com a inclusão educacional e com os processos de ensino aprendizagem das crianças, foi verificada uma forte correlação entre essas três dimensões. Variáveis como idade, etnia, etapa em que atua, formação e perfil profissional não apresentaram diferença significativa. Somente a experiencia profissional dos professores foi um bom preditor das dificuldades de inclusão educacional. Dentre as três dimensões averiguadas, a inclusão representa o maior nível de dificuldades dos professores. O instrumento utilizado apresentou bom coeficiente de confiabilidade que permite investigar dimensões de aprendizagem, inclusão e prática pedagógica em diferentes contextos.
Panduan Psikodrama Untuk Mengatasi Self esteem Siswa Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan
Authors: Awalya Siska Pratiwi  , Fauzan Lutfi , Hotifah Yuliati , Brahim Juliana
Published: December 2024

Masalah self-esteem sangat berkaitan erat dan berpengaruh terhadap emosi, sosial, kepribadian, kognitif setiap manusia yang apabila masalah ini tidak segera diselesaikan akan mempengaruhi hal-hal yang lain untuk di masa mendatang. Penelitian pengembangan ini memiliki tujuan membuat sebuah produk buku panduan untuk konselor yang menarik dan mudah untuk dipahami. Buku panduan tersebut tentang psikodrama untuk mengatasi masalah self esteem siswa. Pengembangan yang digunakan sesuai dengan pengembangan Borg dan Gall (1983). Langkah-langkah yang digunakan dalam penelitian pengembangan sampai pada tahap ke tujuh sesuai dengan kebutuhan yaitu sampai tahap revisi produk setelah dilakukan uji ahli materi, uji ahli media, uji calon pengguna produk (konselor) sekolah SMK Negeri 6 Malang. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa buku panduan psikodrama mendapat nilai dari ahli materi bimbingan dan konseling dengan model inter-rater agreement menunjukkan kriteria yang sangat tinggi sebesar 1, ahli media media sebesar 3,2 dan calon pengguna produk (konselor) sebesar 3,4. Berdasarkan penilaian dari ahli disimpulkan bahwa buku panduan tersebut sangat layak untuk digunakan.
Tareas del cuidado y asistencia escolar en Colombia
Authors: Fajardo Claudia Liceth , Mora Jhon James
Published: December 2024

Este artículo explora la relación entre las actividades de cuidado no remuneradas y la asistencia escolar de los niños y niñas en Colombia, utilizando datos de la Encuesta Nacional del Uso del Tiempo (ENUT) 2017-2018. A través de un modelo probit endógeno, se analiza cómo el tiempo dedicado a actividades de cuidado directo e indirecto impacta en la probabilidad de asistir a la escuela. Los resultados muestran que el cuidado directo afecta más negativamente la asistencia escolar de las niñas, mientras que el cuidado indirecto tiene un impacto mayor en los niños. Además, el artículo considera factores adicionales como estereotipos de género, infraestructura doméstica y contexto urbano-rural, concluyendo la necesidad de políticas públicas que aborden las desigualdades de género en el cuidado infantil.
Subastas: diseño y estrategia
Authors: Aldana Jaúregui Ana Teresa
Published: December 2024

Este trabajo examina los elementos a considerar en las subastas, más allá del análisis de la conducta racional y estratégica, la búsqueda de eficiencia y la obtención de mejores precios para el subastador. Se analizan aspectos como la generación de expectativas de entrada, la financiación, el diseño de contratos y los mecanismos de gobernanza. En el caso de las subastas de contratación, se examinan aspectos de su diseño orientados a atraer la entrada de nuevos participantes, prevenir la colusión y evitar la concentración de mercado. Además, se estudian las condiciones que podrían propiciar el poder ex ante y ex post, su impacto, los posibles mecanismos de detección y prevención, y cómo estos se reflejan en los costos de cambio. Finalmente, se realiza una revisión bibliográfica que identifica los desarrollos recientes y las perspectivas de investigación en el área.
Inclusión financiera en el Perú: análisis de factores socioeconómicos, geográficos y tecnológicos
Authors: Vargas Ivonne Yanete , Aquino Cristhian Alonso , Motta Madalyne
Published: December 2024

La inclusión financiera posibilita un acceso más equitativo a servicios financieros básicos para el individuo y comunidad. Se analiza el impacto de los determinantes socioeconómicos, geográficos y tecnológicos de la inclusión financiera, mediante una investigación cuantitativa y probabilística con modelo Probit y datos de la Encuesta Nacional de Hogares. Como resultado, el jefe de hogar y nivel educativo tienen un efecto significativo y positivo en la disponibilidad de cuentas de ahorro y crédito. Se concluye que determinantes socioeconómicos, geográficos y tecnológicos son significativos. Deben promoverse políticas públicas de inserción financiera en zonas rurales con énfasis en la población femenina.
Cadets’ Self-Government as a Factor of Future Officers’ Organizational Culture Formation
Authors: Miroshnichenko Valentyna , Hrishko-Dunaievska Valentyna , Yarmolynska Ilona , Sinkevych Serhii , Havryliuk Vitalii , Iakymchuk Anatolii , Bloshchynskyi Ihor , Kupchyshyna Valentyna
Published: December 2024

The article deals with substantiation of the role of cadets’ self-government in the formation of future officers’ organizational culture at a higher military educational institution. The organizational culture is defined as a complex of norms, values, and beliefs and consider it to be an important component of the officers’ professional culture and, at the same time, a factor of the future officers’ personal development during their professional training and independent professional activity as well. The main characteristics of the future officers’ organizational culture, three components in the structure of future officers’ organizational culture (culture of self-organization, culture of subordinate personnel organization, culture of interpersonal interaction organization) have been defined. Based on the identified components in the structure of future officers’ organizational culture, we have identified the criteria for its formation (cognitive, activity, personal), which are specified in a set of relevant indicators. The pedagogical conditions of future officers’ organizational culture formation with the use of cadets’ self-government in higher military educational institutions have been determined: ensuring the gradual involving of cadets in different forms of extra-our educational activities; involving cadets in organizational activities in the framework of the program "Young Leader School", which provides the formation of professionally oriented personal background in the organizational culture formation. The study concluded that organizational culture is an essential component of the professionalism of a future officer, which largely determined the success of the professional tasks implementation; cadets’ self-government has a significant potential in the context of forming the organizational culture of future officers, and its capabilities should be actively used to form the organizational culture of cadets.
Nie tylko klaun i tygrys. Szkice o sztuce cyrkowej
Authors: Mielczarek Rafał , Kukiełko-Rogozińska Kalina , Ciechowicz Jan , Wąsik Monika , Janus Maria , Głuszko-Boczoń Estera , Skręt Katarzyna , Zyzik Grzegorz , Ostrowska Maria
Published: December 2024

Książka, którą oddajemy w ręce czytelników, prezentuje wyniki badań kulturoznawców i socjologów. Nie ogranicza się bynajmniej do opisania historii sztuk cyrkowych, ale umiejscawia je w szerokim kontekście społecznym, antropologicznym i kulturowym. […] Okazuje się, że cyrk -ta poślednia rozrywka dla dzieci i „pospólstwa” – jest głęboko zakorzeniony w naszej historii i kulturze. Do dziś fascynuje i stanowi inspirację. Sam podlega przeobrażeniom – jego najbardziej współczesne formy w niczym nie przypominają już jarmarcznej budy. Oczywiście, przedstawiony zbiór tekstów nie jest w żadnym stopniu wyczerpujący ani kompletny w zakresie poruszanej tematyki. Wydaje się jednak, że w kontekście ubogiej literatury polskojęzycznej poświęconej sztukom cyrkowym może stać się zarzewiem dyskusji na ten temat, a także będzie pierwszym krokiem do uznania sztuki cyrkowej za wartą uwagi badaczy sztuk performatywnych.
Ze Wstępu
Interes publiczny i ochrona klienta w przymusowej restrukturyzacji banku
Authors: Stopczyński Andrzej R.
Published: December 2024

Książka, zatytułowana Interes publiczny i ochrona klienta w restrukturyzacji banków, stanowi próbę oceny mechanizmu przymusowej restrukturyzacji w Unii Europejskiej z perspektywy jej przyczyn (interes publiczny) oraz potencjalnych konsekwencji dla klientów upadających banków. Przedstawione badania opierają się na przeglądzie przypadków banków uznanych za upadające lub zagrożone upadłością w Unii Europejskiej w latach 2015–2022, po przyjęciu dyrektywy BRR. W szczególności przedstawiono i oceniono działania Bankowego Funduszu Gwarancyjnego oraz innych organów w zakresie przymusowej restrukturyzacji polskich banków.
W monografii przedstawiono analizę identyfikacji interesu publicznego jako przesłanki uruchamiającej resolution, a także wpływu mechanizmu resolution na ochronę klientów upadającego banku. Znaczna część badań została przeprowadzona z wykorzystaniem metod ilościowych.
Wyniki sugerują, że lokalny charakter banku może być istotnym czynnikiem wpływającym na pozytywną ocenę przesłanki interesu publicznego przez organy krajowe. Ponadto wykazano, że istotnym kryterium wyboru ścieżki resolution było zachowanie jak najwyższej wartości aktywów restrukturyzowanego banku. Opracowany przez autora model teoretyczny z funkcją użyteczności wyliczana w oparciu o ponoszone koszty, dostarcza silnych argumentów za ogólnym charakterem tego wniosku.
Cele wskazane w dyrektywie BRRD wydają się być zbieżne z postulatem ochrony klientów banków znajdujących się na skraju upadłości lub zagrożonych upadłością, chociaż postulat ten nie pojawia się bezpośrednio w tekście dyrektywy. Istnieje jednak możliwość, że niejasne przepisy dotyczące oceny przesłanki interesu publicznego mogą skutkować próbami podważenia decyzji organu resolution.
Estudo histórico comparado dos movimentos sindicais docentes universitários da Argentina, Brasil, Colômbia e México
Authors: Bauer Carlos , Paiva Luís
Published: December 2024

Objetivo: O estudo aborda de forma comparada alguns aspectos que estão presentes na história dos movimentos sindicais organizados pelos professores universitários argentinos, brasileiros, colombianos e mexicanos.
Originalidade/contribuição: Reconhecemos que inexistem pesquisas acadêmicas que procuram estabelecer um exame crítico e histórico comparado do papel político das entidades sindicais dos professores da Argentina, Brasil, Colômbia e México frente aos percalços impostos pela contra reforma universitária neoliberal.
Método: A metodologia que regeu o trabalho está assentada primordialmente em entrevistas qualitativas; revisão bibliográfica; coleta e análise de materiais e informações das próprias entidades e outras fontes que pudessem melhor contribuir para a compreensão do tema estudado.
Estratégias/coleta de dados: O instrumento privilegiado para a captação desses relatos foi a aplicação de entrevistas qualitativas semiestruturadas (fonte primária). Ainda a coleta de materiais produzidos pelas próprias entidades, bem como por instituições de ensino, pesquisadores, institutos estatísticos, e demais organizações que pudessem aportar elementos para análise documental, compôs uma fonte (primária e/ou secundária) importante para a construção de contextos históricos e políticos nacionais analisados.
Conclusões: Concluímos que um elemento comum na produção do campo educacional é a predominância das análises de caráter nacional, muito associada aos conflitos de abrangência regional. O desafio imposto à articulação internacional dos movimentos sindicais reflete sobre a produção da área, não obstante as políticas educacionais latino-americanas para o ensino superior se originem de recomendações de organismos que atuam em nível internacional. O capital financeiro e seus agentes já se articulam na esfera global, mas os trabalhadores ainda atuam à escala nacional e a superação do limite nacional, parece, por ora, ser um objetivo ainda distante.
La asistencia obligatoria a clases en la universidad pública boliviana: una perspectiva histórica, jurídica y social
Authors: Richard Enrique , Contreras Zapata Denise Ilcen , Bauer Pedro Maillard
Published: December 2024

Antecedentes: la asistencia obligatoria a clases teóricas (AOCT) fue suprimida en la mayor parte de las universidades públicas de Latinoamérica como consecuencia de la Reforma Universitaria de 1918. En décadas recientes, Bolivia reimplementó gradualmente la AOCT.
Objetivo: analizar el grado de legitimidad y legalidad de la AOCT en las universidades públicas de Bolivia desde un contexto y perspectiva histórica, jurídica y social.
Originalidad/aporte: se analizan, discuten y establecen los fundamentos históricos, jurídicos y sociales de la AOCT en las universidades públicas de Bolivia, así como los motivos para el retorno a esta en la actualidad.
Método/estrategias de recoleccion de información: se estudiaron los antecedentes históricos del tema, legislación nacional, reglamentos universitarios vigentes y documentación de derechos humanos. Se realizaron encuestas a docentes de universidades a partir de muestras representativas.
 Conclusiones: la AOCT tiene visos cuestionables de legalidad y matices de coerción, extorsión e intimidación. Las normas instituidas de AOCT se contraponen a leyes de orden superior y a los propios principios reformistas. Carecen de legitimidad, ya que vulneran los principios epistemológicos de la Reforma de 1918; además, infringen los principios de democracia, equidad, inclusión, derecho al trabajo y calidad de la docencia, entre otros.
A POSSIBLE SOLUTION FOR THE DEMOGRAPHIC WINTER: RAISING MANY CHILDREN AS A JOB
Authors: TÓTH I. János
Published: December 2024

Public concern about population growth has persisted since Malthus. However, the situation is gradually changing. The pandemic-like spread of population decline is reversing this global trend. Human population growth is expected to halt at 10.4 billion in the second half of the 21st century, marking the era of global population decline. Global fertility rates are falling continuously. This trend benefits high-fertility regions such as Africa and West Asia but poses significant challenges in low-fertility regions like Europe, North America, and East Asia. Today, the developed world faces a new and serious problem: demographic winter, leading to issues such as an ageing population, a decreasing number of women of childbearing age, rising dependency ratios, and demographic decline. Addressing these demographic challenges requires new approaches and measures. Current pronatalist policies that encourage 2-3 children per family are insufficient. This study proposes the introduction of a radical pronatalist institution: full-time motherhood. This initiative aims to employ voluntary couples and mothers willing to have 5 or more children per family. It is the best way to achieve replacement-level (2.1) fertility. This pronatalist solution is efficient and aligns with Western values, being voluntary, free, and democratic.
Ocorrência e perfil de resistência antimicrobiana de Staphylococcus aureus isolados de queijos Minas Frescal comercializados em cidades do Sul de Minas Gerais
Authors: Silva Ingrid da Costa , Paiva Luiz Francisley de
Published: December 2024

Introdução: O queijo Minas Frescal é um tipo de queijo fresco e nutritivo que possui grande popularidade e tradição no Brasil. No entanto, sua alta manipulação o torna vulnerável a contaminações bacterianas, representando riscos à segurança do alimento e à saúde pública. Entre os principais agentes patogênicos encontrados nesse alimento, destaca-se o Staphylococcus aureus, uma bactéria com notável capacidade de desenvolver resistência a antibióticos. Objetivo: Este estudo visa analisar a presença de Staphylococcus aureus e determinar o perfil de resistência antimicrobiana das cepas encontradas em queijo Minas Frescal comercializado em cidades do sul de Minas Gerais. Método: Dez amostras de queijo Minas Frescal, produzidas e comercializadas em cidades do interior do sul de Minas Gerais, foram analisadas. As amostras passaram por testes para enumeração e identificação de Staphylococcus aureus. O perfil de suscetibilidade antimicrobiana foi determinado pelo teste de disco-difusão conforme a metodologia de Kirby-Bauer, utilizando cefoxitina, clindamicina, cloranfenicol, eritromicina, gentamicina, sulfametoxazol/trimetoprim e tetraciclina. Resultado: Bactérias do gênero Staphylococcus sp. foram encontradas em todas as amostras analisadas. Em 40% dessas amostras, os níveis de S. aureus estavam fora dos padrões microbiológicos estabelecidos pela Instrução Normativa 161. 97,14% dos microrganismos testados foram classificados como sensíveis aos antibióticos testados, entretanto, duas cepas de S. aureus foram resistentes ao antibiótico tetraciclina. Conclusão: O estudo revela uma taxa preocupante de não conformidade do queijo Minas Frescal com os padrões legais. Contudo, é satisfatório notar que não foram detectadas cepas de MRSA ou multirresistentes nas análises de suscetibilidade antimicrobiana.
Assessment of Control Effectiveness for the Invasive Species Spartina alterniflora in the Yellow River Delta
Authors: Li Huiying , Cui Guoli , Liu Haojie , Wang Qi , Zhao Sheng , Huang Xiao , Zhang Rong , Jia Mingming , Mao Dehua , Yv Hao , Wang Zongming , Lv Zhiyong
Published: December 2024

Coastal wetlands are critical for global biodiversity and ecological stability, yet the invasive Spartina alterniflora (S. alterniflora) poses severe threats to these ecosystems. This study evaluates the effectiveness of management efforts targeting S. alterniflora in the Yellow River Delta (YRD) using Zhuhai-1 hyperspectral imagery and the U-Net method. The U-Net model, coupled with the Relief-F algorithm, achieved superior extraction accuracy (Kappa > 0.9, overall accuracy 93%) compared to traditional machine learning methods. From 2019 to 2021, S. alterniflora expanded rapidly, increasing from 4,055.06 hm² to 6,105.50 hm², primarily in tidal flats and water bodies. A clearing project reduced its extent to 5,063.62 hm² by 2022, and by 2023, only 0.55 hm² remained. These results underscore the effectiveness of Shandong’s management policies but highlight the risk of regrowth due to the species' resilience. Continuous monitoring and maintenance are essential to prevent resurgence and ensure wetland restoration. This study offers critical insights into dynamic vegetation monitoring and informs conservation strategies for wetland health.
Design, Simulation, and Analysis of a Solar-Powered Street Lighting Control System for Power Consumption Prediction
Authors: Junisbekov Muhtar , Grigoryev Dmitriy , Tolganbayeva Moldyr , Turgynbekov Yerbol , Omirbekova Zhanar
Published: December 2024

This paper is devoted to designing, modeling, and analyzing a solar-powered street lighting system using artificial intelligence technologies to predict energy consumption. The system involves the integration of solar panels, batteries, and sensors to efficiently control the brightness of LED lamps depending on the illumination level and the presence of motion in the lighting area. The use of artificial neural networks (LSTM, GRU, Random Forest) provided accurate prediction of solar energy generation and the need to connect to the city power grid during periods of low solar activity. The developed model was implemented in MATLAB Simulink, considering actual weather data. The results showed that the system can operate autonomously for up to three days under unfavorable weather conditions, reducing power by 30%. The need for connection to the external network is no more than 10% in summer and up to 30% in winter. The prototype will be implemented in Kazakhstan to validate the model and further optimize its operation.
Unravelling Microbial Mysteries: The Convergence of Synthetic Biology and Metagenomics
Authors: Maqbool Mohsin , Haque Ekramul , Thacharodi Aswin , Meenatchi Ramu , Arafath A Yaser , Fathima S Aifa , Genevieve K Karaila , Singh Tripti , D Rajalakshmi , K Nisha , Singh Prabhakar , Hassan Saqib
Published: December 2024

Integrating metagenomics and synthetic biology has enormous potential to improve biotechnological applications and deepen our understanding of microbial ecosystems. Synthetic biology offers strong tools for creating new microorganisms or altering existing ones to carry out particular tasks because of its capacity to design and build biological systems. Instead of requiring cultivation, metagenomics allows the investigation of microbial diversity and function directly from ambient samples. These disciplines' merger enables scientists to modify genetic material, uncover secret biochemical processes, and understand intricate microbial communities. Synthetic biologists can find new genes, enzymes, and metabolic pathways by using metagenomic data. These can then be synthesized and turned into customised microbes for a range of uses, such as environmental cleanup, agriculture, and medicine. The development of microorganisms that work symbiotically with human, plant, or animal hosts is made easier by this interaction, which also offers up new avenues for microbiome study. Despite its promise, there are still obstacles in closing the gaps between applications of synthetic biology, microbial function, and metagenomic data analysis. The practical application of this convergence will be accelerated by future developments in computational tools, DNA synthesis, and system biology, which will solve microbial mysteries and spur breakthroughs in a variety of scientific and industrial fields.
Numerical Modeling and Emission Analysis of Hydrogen Compression Ignition Engines under Variable Operational Parameters for Diesel-to-Hydrogen Conversion Optimization
Authors: Abbass Amr
Published: December 2024

This study presents a comprehensive numerical analysis of hydrogen compression ignition engines (HICE) under varying inlet temperatures and compression ratios, aimed at improving performance and emissions for retrofitting existing diesel engines to operate on hydrogen(Stępień, 2021). The simulation compares hydrogen and diesel combustion, focusing primarily on power output, thermal efficiency, and NOx emissions for each parameter set during gas combustion. The composition of industrial engines indicates substantial advantages in elevating the start temperature to 500 K to 600 K, resulting in enhanced power and efficiency of approximately 55% within moderate compression ratios of 20-24. A diesel engine can be retrofitted for hydrogen operation at a compression ratio of 20, provided preheating is implemented. This moderate preheating technique effectively reduces NOx emissions to tolerable levels without necessitating extremely high compression ratios, so rendering hydrogen hypergolic and allowing the engine to function normally. Numerous studies substantiate the claim that hydrogen CI engines can function in this manner (Lee et al., 2013), indicating that low temperatures may adversely affect hydrogen performance, as even utilizing the compression ratios of current diesel engines could provide a viable motivation for hydrogen utilization. The research indicates that this method facilitates the conversion of diesel engines to hydrogen fuel, diminishes reliance on fossil fuels, promotes a clean energy transition, and enhances emissions control techniques.
Precision in Practice: Nanotechnology and Targeted Therapies for Personalized Care
Authors: Sengar Ashutosh
Published: December 2024

Customization of medicine has made healthcare even more personalized, enhancing therapeutical efficiency with low adverse effects. It can be achieved through an innovative tool that has reached unprecedented abilities through the process of nanotechnology in targeted drug delivery, advanced diagnostics, and therapeutic systems. This makes a review on the integration of nanotechnology with personalized medicine-including historical considerations towards applications in today's contexts up to future perspectives.The targeting of diseased tissues has proven to be tremendous, considering a combination of both passive and active targeting mechanisms that nanospheres assume the form of liposomes, dendrimers, or polymeric micelles. Quantum dots and nanosensors have revolutionized the area of diagnostics, enabling detection at an earliest possible stage with real-time monitoring, changing patient care forever. Theranostic platforms, integrating therapeutic agents with diagnostic tools, really reveal the dynamic ability to customize treatments.Despite these strides forward, the critical problems to be overcome are those related to biological complexity, barriers caused by regulation, and eventual long-term toxicities. Biocompatible biodegradable nanocarrier research and responsive system explorations will help move such applications forward in a positive fashion toward better and safer designs. The joining of wearable nanotechnology to a nanoparticle-enabled gene delivery system is probably going to move standards of care.This review outlines the crucial role nanotechnology is playing in moving personalized medicine forward, from bridging diagnosis to therapy and filling the gap of heterogeneity in disease. But a lot more is to come because it holds promise for a revolution in healthcare ever more precise, adaptable, and patient-centered with innovation and interdisciplinary collaboration continuing.
Predicting Treatment Adherence in Patients with Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis: Insights from Socioeconomic, Demographic, and Clinical Factors of Patients in Rural Eastern Cape
Authors: Faye Lindiwe Modest , Hosu Mojisola Clara , Dlatu Ntandazo , Iruedo Joshua , Apalata Teke
Published: December 2024

Background: Drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) is a formidable challenge to global health. Patients are compelled to adhere to intricate medication regimens over extended periods, and any failure to comply with these treatment protocols can lead to treatment failure, increased mortality rates, and a heightened risk of developing further drug resistance. This study identifies the key factors that influence treatment adherence among patients with DR-TB. Furthermore, it rigorously evaluates the predictive accuracy of machine learning models in assessing treatment adherence, with a strong focus on socioeconomic, demographic, and clinical factors. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients with DR-TB in rural Eastern Cape. Data were collected from medical records. Four different models were developed and tested to evaluate their effectiveness in predicting treatment adherence: Random Forest, Logistic regression, Support Vector Machine (SVM), and Gradient Boosting. Results: The Random Forest model achieved an accuracy of 53.3% in predicting treatment adherence. An analysis of feature importance indicated that age, income, education, social history, patient category, and comorbidities were the most significant factors influencing adherence. Patients with higher incomes, higher levels of education, and fewer comorbidities were more likely to follow their treatment plans. Conclusion: Socioeconomic and clinical factors, such as income, education level, and the presence of comorbidities, significantly influence adherence to DR-TB treatment. These findings indicate that machine-learning models, particularly Random Forest algorithms, can effectively assist in clinical decision-making by identifying patients who may be at risk of not adhering to their treatment.
Synthesis of New Promising BNCT Agents Based on Conjugates of closo-Dodecaborate Anion and Aliphatic Diamino Acids
Authors: Ryabchikova Margarita N. , Nelyubin Alexey V. , Klyukin Ilya N. , Selivanov Nikita A. , Bykov Alexander Yu. , Kubasov Alexey S. , Skribitsky Vsevolod A. , Finogenova Yulia A. , Shpakova Kristina E. , Kasyanov Anton A. , Lipengolts Alexey A. , Zhdanov Andrey P. , Grigoreva Elena Yu. , Zhizhin Konstantin Yu. , Kuznetsov Nikolay T.
Published: December 2024

In this work, a series of boronated amidines based on the closo-dodecaborate anion and amino acids containing an amino group in the side chain of the general formula [B12H11NHC(NH(CH2)nCH(NH3)COOH)CH3], where n = 2, 3, 4, were synthesized. These derivatives contain conserved α-amino and α-carboxyl groups recognized by the binding centers of the large neutral amino acid transporter (LAT) system, which serves as a target for the clinically applied BNCT agent para-boronophenylalanine (BPA). The paper describes several approaches to synthesizing the target compounds, their acute toxicity studies, and tumor uptake studies in vivo in two tumor models.
(Ligno)nanocellulose and Tannic Acid as Green Fillers for the Production of Poly(Vinyl) Alcohol Biocomposite Films
Authors: Osolnik Urša , Vek Viljem , Humar Miha , Oven Primož , Poljanšek Ida
Published: December 2024

This study compared the use of different nanofillers CNF and LCNF in different concentrations to reinforce the PVA matrix. Both nanofillers significantly improved the elastic modulus and tensile strength of PVA biocomposite films. The optimum concentration of CNF and LCNF was 6% relative to PVA, which improved the tensile strength of the final P6CNF biocomposite by 53% compared to the neat PVA film and the tensile strength of the final P6LCNF film by 39% compared to the neat PVA film. CNF and LCNF had different effects on the elasticity of the biocomposite. The addition of LCNF resulted in more elastic films than the addition of CNF to the PVA matrix. The elongation at break of the P2LCNF film was more than 100 % higher than that of the neat PVA film. The integration of TA into the PVA-LCNF system resulted in antioxidant active and more water resistant PVA biocomposites. The three-component biocomposite films P2LCNF10T and P6LCNF10T exhibited a more than 20° higher contact angle of the water droplet on the surfaces of the biocomposite films compared to the neat PVA film. The PVA-LCNF-TA biocomposite films also absorbed more than 50 % less water than the neat PVA film.
AI and Precision Medicine: Paving the Way for Future Treatment
Authors: Fatima Ghizal , Siddiqui Zainab , Parvez Sidrah
Published: December 2024

The convergence of artificial intelligence (AI) and precision medicine is revolutionizing healthcare by introducing a patient-centered, data-driven approach to treatment. Precision medicine, which tailors medical care to individual characteristics, addresses the complexities and variability of diseases. Integrating AI into this domain has unlocked unprecedented potential for disease management and personalized care. AI leverages vast datasets, including genomics, clinical records, and molecular profiles, to identify patterns and predict outcomes with exceptional accuracy. Its capabilities extend beyond automation, functioning as a critical tool for informed decision-making. By analysing intricate molecular data, AI enhances diagnostic precision, detecting subtle biomarkers and anomalies often missed by traditional methods. Machine learning-powered predictive analytics further empower clinicians by forecasting disease progression and guiding treatment customization. Practical applications of AI-driven precision medicine are already evident. From diagnosing rare genetic disorders to optimizing drug therapies based on genetic profiles, AI is transforming patient care. However, challenges such as ethical concerns, data privacy, and the need for transparent algorithms remain pivotal. This review explores the synergistic relationship between AI and precision medicine, highlighting ongoing research, technological innovations, and interdisciplinary collaboration. Together, these advancements herald a transformative era in healthcare, paving the way for highly personalized and effective treatment strategies.
Rationale for Combining Peptidoglycan Hydrolases to Enhance Enzybiotics Efficacy Against Mixed Bacterial Infections
Authors: Antonova Nataliia P. , Grigoriev Igor V. , Shidlovskaya Elena V. , Klimova Arina A. , Kuznetsova Nadezhda A. , Usachev Evgeny V. , Gushchin Vladimir А. , Vasina Daria V.
Published: December 2024

Background/Objectives: Frequently, healthcare-associated and community-acquired skin and soft tissue infections develop in the context of the formation of persistent, multidrug-resistant polymicrobial consortia involving both Gram-negative and Gram-positive pathogens. Non-traditional antibacterials, in particular phage- and bacteria-derived lytic enzymes, are currently the focus of attention. However, in practice their action is not sufficient for a significant effect when used as monotherapy. Here, we propose an enzyme combination approach to obtain an effective antimicrobial composition and to enhance the efficacy of enzyme-based therapy. Methods: The enzymes individual antibacterial properties and the effects of the compositions were assessed in vitro. In vivo evaluation of a combined enzymes preparation was assessed in murine wound infection against polymicrobial biofilm containing Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. Results: Significant synergy or additive effects of lysins combinations were shown for S. aureus strains, while indifferent or additive effect – for Gram-negative species. Treatment of mixed biofilm-colonized wounds in an animal model showed that the combination halted the chronic process and systematization of infection and promoted accelerated tissue regeneration at the wound site. Conclusions: The combinations of peptidoglycan hydrolases with different substrate specificities can significantly increase the efficacy of the composition against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria resulting in improved in vitro and in vivo antibacterial properties and has a potential to treat polymicrobial infections.
A Newly-Derived Cosmological Redshift Formula Which Solves the Hubble Tension and Yet Maintains Consistency with T_t = T_0(1 + z), the R_h = ct Principle and the Stefan-Boltzmann Law
Authors: Haug Espen , Tattum Eugene
Published: December 2024

Numerous cosmological redshift formulae have been suggested in the field of cosmology. One of these is the well-known cosmological redshift formula used in the Λ-CDM model and in some R_h = ct models. In a recent type of “black hole” cosmology model, the redshift formula is derived from three fundamental principles: that the Stefan-Boltzmann law holds with respect to perfect and almost perfect black bodies; that the universe follows the Rh = ct principle; and that the time-dependent CMB temperature in relation to cosmological redshift is given by the observed relation T_t = T_0(1 + z). These three principles have recently been used by Haug and Tatum [1] to derive z = Sqrt(R_h/R_t) − 1, which has led to a simple but powerful solution to the Hubble tension [2–4]. In this short note, we build on our recent work and describe multiple different ways in which to represent the same cosmological redshift formula.
Systematic Review of the Status of Microbiota in Cirrhosis. A Change Towards a More Pathogenic Predisposition
Authors: Xirouchakis Elias , Pelekanos Alexandros , Xirouchakis Spyridon , Kranidioti Hariklia , Manolakopoulos Spilios
Published: December 2024

Background: The microbiome of the human intestine is a regulator of health by modulating immune response and playing important role in metabolism. Dysbiosis, diversity and abundance of microbiota communities in the gut has shown changes in cirrhosis and its complications. Aim: To review current knowledge regarding microbiota alterations in cirrhosis, its potential differences according to etiology and its role in the development of cirrhosis complications. Methods: A systematic search of online bibliographic database up to July 2024 was performed. Randomized controlled trials, observational and cohort studies that included in total or at least a cohort of cirrhotic adult patients were enlisted for data extraction and analysis. Results: A total of 73 publications were included for data extraction. Alpha diversity was found decreased in cirrhotic patients in 30/38 (78%) of the studies, while beta diversity 20/22 (90%) presented significant difference between healthy and cirrhotic groups. Proteobacteria were significantly increased in 20/27 (74%) studies followed by Actinobacteria and Fusobacteria while 22/25 (88%) studies found either reduction in cirrhotic patients or increased abundance in healthy controls for Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes. The most abundant genera in hepatic encephalopathy groups were pathobionts such as Enterococcus and Streptococcus followed by Vellionella and Escherichia. Heterogeneity was found among studies regarding Alpha-diversity in Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) as it was decreased in 3 studies, indifferent in 5 and increased in 3 in comparison to cirrhotic non-HCC patients. Conclusion: Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota is associated with cirrhosis and development of complications such as hepatic encephalopathy and hepatocellular carcinoma.
Impact of AI Implementation in Higher Education on Achieving the Sustainable Development Goals
Authors: Ferk Savec Vesna , Jedrinović Sanja
Published: December 2024

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has significant potential to advance sustainable development by facilitating the achievement of the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) outlined in the 2030 Agenda. This potential can be maximised through the concept of twin transition, where digital and green transformations support one another. This study examines the implementation of AI in study courses at the University of Ljubljana, focussing on the sustainable impact of such integration. A total of 26 practises incorporating AI into pedagogical processes in nine faculties were analysed, mapping each practice to the 17 SDGs and their 169 targets. The results suggest that AI can act as an enabler for 11 SDGs and 28 targets, while it also poses challenges that could hinder 7 SDGs and 11 targets. Despite the limited scope of the reports analysed, these findings provide valuable insights into the potential role of the twin-transition in education, highlighting both opportunities and risks associated with the integration of AI.