bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Parcours d’un exilé de Saint-Domingue dans le monde atlantique : le cas d’Henri de Ste Gême et son passage en Louisiane entre 1809 et 1818
Authors: Cadorette Mickaël
Published: November 2014

Cet article étudie le parcours d’Henri de Ste Gême, un réfugié de Saint-Domingue, dans l’espace atlantique entre 1769 et 1842. Ce militaire français d’origine sera au coeur des Révolutions française et haïtienne et ses activités reliées à la flibusterie, à la contrebande ainsi qu’au négoce l’amèneront autant à Cuba qu’à La Nouvelle-Orléans. Son arrivée en 1809 en Louisiane s’inscrit dans un grand mouvement migratoire, puisque plus de 10 000 réfugiés saint-dominguais immigrent cette année-là. Ste Gême sera notamment reconnu pour être un financier des corsaires Lafitte, et sa participation à la Bataille de La Nouvelle-Orléans lui vaudra les félicitations du Général Andrew Jackson. Ste Gême quittera définitivement La Nouvelle-Orléans en 1818 pour retourner en France avec son épouse, laissant derrière lui trois enfants illégitimes ainsi qu’une habitation prise en charge par des amis.
Phenotype-based cell-specific metabolic modeling reveals metabolic liabilities of cancer
Authors: Yizhak Keren , Gaude Edoardo , Le Dévédec Sylvia , Waldman Yedael Y , Stein Gideon Y , van de Water Bob , Frezza Christian , Ruppin Eytan
Published: November 2014

Utilizing molecular data to derive functional physiological models tailored for specific cancer cells can facilitate the use of individually tailored therapies. To this end we present an approach termed PRIME for generating cell-specific genome-scale metabolic models (GSMMs) based on molecular and phenotypic data. We build >280 models of normal and cancer cell-lines that successfully predict metabolic phenotypes in an individual manner. We utilize this set of cell-specific models to predict drug targets that selectively inhibit cancerous but not normal cell proliferation. The top predicted target, MLYCD, is experimentally validated and the metabolic effects of MLYCD depletion investigated. Furthermore, we tested cell-specific predicted responses to the inhibition of metabolic enzymes, and successfully inferred the prognosis of cancer patients based on their PRIME-derived individual GSMMs. These results lay a computational basis and a counterpart experimental proof of concept for future personalized metabolic modeling applications, enhancing the search for novel selective anticancer therapies.
Interpretive monitoring in the caudate nucleus
Authors: Yanike Marianna , Ferrera Vincent P
Published: November 2014

In a dynamic environment an organism has to constantly adjust ongoing behavior to adapt to a given context. This process requires continuous monitoring of ongoing behavior to provide its meaningful interpretation. The caudate nucleus is known to have a role in behavioral monitoring, but the nature of these signals during dynamic behavior is still unclear. We recorded neuronal activity in the caudate nucleus in monkeys during categorization behavior that changed rapidly across contexts. We found that neuronal activity maintained representation of the identity and context of a recently categorized stimulus, as well as interpreted the behavioral meaningfulness of the maintained trace. The accuracy of this cognitive monitoring signal was highest for behavior for which subjects were prone to make errors. Thus, the caudate nucleus provides interpretive monitoring of ongoing behavior, which is necessary for contextually specific decisions to adapt to rapidly changing conditions.
Courses and researches in the nutrition area on the pages of the bulletin institutional magazine of SAPS (Food Service Social Security) (1944-1946)
Authors: Magalhães Sandra Goulart , Porto Fernando , Aguiar Simone
Published: November 2014

Objetivo: Analisar o processo de surgimento dos cursos técnicos e de profissionais Nutricionistas e antecedentes, criados pelo Serviço de Alimentação da Previdência Social- SAPS, através da Coletânea de seus Boletins. Método: Realizado pesquisa bibliográfica dos Boletins, Revista Institucional que circulou no período de novembro de 1944 a novembro de 1946, tendo como público alvo os trabalhadores dos Restaurantes do SAPS. Resultados: A análise dessas fontes sugere que esse Boletim registrou a evolução desses cursos como também várias pesquisas desenvolvidas na área da nutrição, com farta documentação escrita e imagética, através de fac-símiles legendados no interior dessas publicações. Conclusão: Os Boletins trouxeram cobertura jornalística de grande importância e significado para a história da profissão, composta de 118 artigos e 173 fac-símiles com riqueza de detalhes. Aponta-se para a relevância desses documentos não só para a história da profissão de Nutricionista como de seus antecedentes. Descritores: Nutricionista, História, Imprensa.
Actions of nursing care in the infant with west syndrome: a case report
Authors: Carvalho Gyl Dayara Alves , Lima Odinélia Batista , Melo Vanessa Costa , Silva Kenya Lima
Published: November 2014

Objetivo: Sistematizar a assistência de enfermagem a uma lactente com Síndrome de West, utilizando a Nomenclatura de Diagnósticos/Resultados e Intervenções de Enfermagem. Métodos: Estudo descritivo, do tipo estudo de caso, realizado em um Hospital Escola em João Pessoa/Paraíba em outubro de 2010, seguindo as fases do processo de enfermagem. Os diagnósticos foram identificados utilizando-se a Nomenclatura de Diagnósticos/Resultados e Intervenções de Enfermagemdesenvolvido e validado para o referido hospital conforme termos da CIPE®. O projeto foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa do hospital sob CAAE: 0052.0.126.000-09. Resultados: Foram identificados seis diagnósticos de enfermagem: comprometimento neuropsicomotor, convulsão, higiene oral prejudicada, padrão respiratório alterado, risco de infecção, rotina familiar alterada. Conclusão: A utilização de uma nomenclatura de diagnósticos/resultados e intervenções direciona as ações de enfermagem, proporcionando eficiência no cuidado a criança com síndrome de West. Descritores: Criança Hospitalizada, Espamos Infantis, Processos de Enfermagem.
Occupational risks and health of nursing workers – seeking evidences
Authors: Loro Marli Maria , Zeitoune Regina Celia , Guido Laura de Azevedo , Da Silva Rosângela Marion , Kolankiewicz Adriane Cristina Bernat
Published: November 2014

Objetivo:Identificar a produção científica nacional e internacional acerca dos riscos ocupacionais da equipe de enfermagem que atua no âmbito hospitalar. Método: O tipo do estudo foi de Revisão integrativa da literatura. O levantamento bibliográfico foi realizado pela Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, nas bases de dados BIREME, Lilacs, Scielo,Biblioteca Cochrane e Medline. Foram utilizados os descritores equipe de enfermagem or "enfermagem" and  riscos ocupacionais or "riscos ocupacionais and “acidente de trabalho”. Resultados: Identificou-se 204 artigos e a amostra final foi composta por 30 artigos científicos produzidos pela enfermagem ou com sua participação, publicados em território nacional e internacional. Conclusão: A partir da busca do produzido evidenciou-se a necessidade de implementar momentos de educação permanente, focando práticas reflexivas, pois o campo da Saúde do Trabalhador, por vezes, centraliza-se em treinamentos pontuais, em que o trabalhador recebe instruções de como proceder/portar-se. Descritores: Enfermagem, Saúde do trabalhador, Risco ocupacional.
Overload of relatives of psychiatric patients: an integrative review
Authors: Demarco Daiane de Aquino , Nunes Cristiane Kenes , Jardim Vanda  Maria Rosa , Coimbra Valéria Cristina Christello , Kantorski Luciane Prado
Published: November 2014

Objetivo: Identificar e analisar os estudos descritos na literatura que avaliaram a sobrecarga dos familiares de pacientes psiquiátricos através da Escala de Avaliação da Sobrecarga Familiar. Métodos: Foi realizada busca nas bases de dados LILACS e PUBMED, obedecendo aos critérios de inclusão: estudos publicados no período de 2002 a 2012, com texto completo, estudos com seres humanos adultos, e nos idiomas português, inglês e espanhol. Resultados: Foram analisados 10 artigos que apontaram que os familiares com os níveis mais elevados de sobrecarga são aqueles mais próximos dos pacientes e que vivem em condições de vulnerabilidade social. Conclusão: Espera-se que esse estudo contribua para repensar as políticas públicas de saúde mental, auxiliar os gestores e trabalhadores dos serviços substitutivos a lidar com a temática da sobrecarga familiar, refletindo em qualidade de vida para familiares e pacientes. Descritores: Família, Desinstitucionalização, Saúde mental.
Communication with people with hearing disabilities: an integrative review
Authors: De Miranda Rodrigo Sousa , Shubert Carla Oliveira , Alves Machado Wiliam César
Published: November 2014

Objetivo: Identificar na literatura como ocorre a comunicação entre profissionais de saúde e os pacientes com deficiência auditiva. Método: Revisão integrativa. A busca foi realizada nas bases de dados MEDLINE, BDENF, LILACS e SciELO por meio de seus descritores: comunicação, enfermagem, deficiência auditiva, surdez, surdos e cuidados de enfermagem. Resultados: Os 19 artigos foram agrupados nas seguintes categorias: estratégias de comunicação; formação profissional; relacionamento do profissional com o surdo e sugestões para melhoria da comunicação entre surdos e profissionais de saúde. Conclusão: Cada surdo apresenta necessidades comunicacionais específicas, cabendo ao enfermeiro a escolha, junto com o surdo, da melhor estratégia de comunicação, respeitando suas limitações.
α‐L‐Rhamnosyl‐β‐D‐glucosidase (Rutinosidase) from Aspergillus niger: Characterization and Synthetic Potential of a Novel Diglycosidase
Authors: Šimčíková Daniela , Kotik Michael , Weignerová Lenka , Halada Petr , Pelantová Helena , Adamcová Kateřina , Křen Vladimír
Published: November 2014

We report the first heterologous production of a fungal rutinosidase (6‐O‐α‐L‐rhamnopyranosyl‐β‐D‐glucopyranosidase) in Pichia pastoris. The recombinant rutinosidase was purified from the culture medium to apparent homogeneity and biochemically characterized. The enzyme reacts with rutin and cleaves the glycosidic linkage between the disaccharide rutinose and the aglycone. Furthermore, it exhibits high transglycosylation activity, transferring rutinose from rutin as a glycosyl donor onto various alcohols and phenols. The utility of the recombinant rutinosidase was demonstrated by its use for the synthesis of a broad spectrum of rutinosides of primary (saturated and unsaturated), secondary, acyclic and phenolic alcohols as well as for the preparation of free rutinose. Moreover, the α‐L‐rhamnosidase‐catalyzed synthesis of a chromogenic substrate for a rutinosidase assay – para‐nitrophenyl β‐rutinoside – is described.

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Legislative Watch: State Legislative Bills
Authors: Gomez Cynthia
Published: November 2014

Ohio bill seeks to boost off‐campus fire safety

Illinois to snuff out smoking on campus
Variability of fractional flow reserve according to the methods of hyperemia induction
Authors: Lim Woo‐Hyun , Koo Bon‐Kwon , Nam Chang‐Wook , Doh Joon‐Hyung , Park Jin Joo , Yang Han‐Mo , Park Kyung Woo , Kim Hyo‐Soo , Takashima Hiroaki , Waseda Katsuhisa , Amano Tetsuya , Kato Daiki , Kurita Akiyoshi , Oi Maki , Toyofuku Mamoru , van Nunen Lokien , Pijls Nico H.J.
Published: November 2014

Objectives

We performed this study to evaluate the variability of fractional flow reserve (FFR) values which were measured from various methods of hyperemia induction.

Background

Concerns have been raised regarding the variability of FFR due to different routes for hyperemic agent administration and different hyperemic agents targeting different receptors to induce maximal hyperemia.

Methods

A total of 656 intermediate coronary lesions from 628 patients with coronary artery disease were analyzed. Among them, 238 lesions underwent FFR measurement with hyperemia induced by both intravenous (IV) and intracoronary (IC) adenosine administration, 318 by IV adenosine/adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and IC nicorandil injection, and 100 by IV adenosine and regadenoson infusion.

Results

Excellent correlation and close classification agreement (FFR ≤ 0.80) were observed between IV vs. IC adenosine (r = 0.980, CA = 92.9%, Cohen's Kappa = 0.887, P < 0.001), between IV adenosine/ATP vs. IC nicorandil (r = 0.962, CA = 91.2%, Cohen's Kappa = 0.817, P < 0.001), and between IV adenosine vs. regadenoson (r = 0.990, CA = 100%, Cohen's Kappa = 1.000, P < 0.001). When changes in blood pressure (ΔBP) or heart rate (ΔHR) were compared with changes in FFR (ΔFFR) between IV adenosine/ATP and IC nicorandil administration, there were no significant correlations between ΔBP and ΔFFR nor between ΔHR and ΔFFR (r = −0.122, P = 0.076; r = 0.036, P = 0.605, respectively).

Conclusions

This study suggests that the measurement of FFR is reproducible regardless of the hemodynamic changes, hyperemic agents used, or the route of administration. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
p‐Element‐Doped Graphene: Heteroatoms for Electrochemical Enhancement
Authors: Poh Hwee Ling , Pumera Martin
Published: November 2014

Graphene is finding important applications in electrochemistry. Here, we discuss how the doping of graphene with heteroatoms, namely boron, nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine, change the electrochemical properties of the material. In addition, we summarize the different doping routes and show that the process has an influence upon electrochemical properties.
Molecular‐Level Insights into Intrinsic Peroxidase‐Like Activity of Nanocarbon Oxides
Authors: Zhao Ruisheng , Zhao Xiang , Gao Xingfa
Published: November 2014

Nanocarbon oxides have been proved to possess great peroxidase‐like activity, catalyzing the oxidation of many peroxidase substrates, such as 3,3′,5,5′‐tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) and o‐phenylenediamine dihydrochloride (OPD), accompanied by a significant color change. This chromogenic reaction is widely used to detect glucose and occult blood. The chromogenic reaction was intensively investigated with density functional theory and molecular‐level insights into the nature of peroxidase‐like activity were gained. A radical mechanism was unraveled and the carboxyl groups of nanocarbon oxides were identified as the reactive sites. Aromatic domains connected with the carboxyl groups were critical to the peroxidase‐like activity.
Solution Polymeric Optical Temperature Sensors with Long‐Term Memory Function Powered by Supramolecular Chemistry
Authors: de la Rosa Victor R. , Hoogenboom Richard
Published: November 2014

A poly[(2‐ethyl‐2‐oxazoline)‐ran‐(2‐nonyl‐2‐oxazoline)] copolymer in combination with hydroxypropylated cyclodextrins has been demonstrated to lead to a supramolecular self‐assembly process that results in the formation of kinetically trapped thermoresponsive nanoparticles. Selection of the cyclodextrin type provides control over the nanoparticle phase‐transition thermodynamics, thus affording optical temperature sensors with an unprecedented, long‐term thermal memory function, which is reversible or irreversible. This research also sheds light onto kinetic and dynamic supramolecular assemblies, thus providing important insight because similar supramolecular processes are at the foundation of living matter.
Reactions of Osmabenzene with Silver/Copper Acetylides: From Metallabenzene to Benzene
Authors: Han Feifei , Li Jinhua , Zhang Hong , Wang Tongdao , Lin Zhenyang , Xia Haiping
Published: November 2014

The transformations of metallabenzene to substituted benzenes have been achieved by reactions of osmabenzenes with silver/copper acetylides. In this investigation, novel tetraphenylphosphonium salts containing two phosphonium substituents on the same benzene ring are generated.
Molybdenum Complexes Supported by Mixed NHC/Phosphine Ligands: Activation of N2 and Reaction With P(OMe)3 to the First Meta‐Phosphite Complex
Authors: Gradert Christian , Stucke Nadja , Krahmer Jan , Näther Christian , Tuczek Felix
Published: November 2014

Molybdenum(0) dinitrogen complexes, supported by the mixed NHC/phosphine pincer ligand PCP, exhibit an extreme activation of the N2 ligand due to a very π‐electron‐rich metal center. The low thermal stability of these compounds can be increased using phosphites instead of phosphines as coligands. Through an amalgam reduction of [MoCl3(PCP)] in the presence of trimethyl phosphite and N2 the highly activated and room‐temperature stable dinitrogen complex [Mo(N2)(PCP)(P(OMe)3)2] is obtained. As a second product, the first transition metal complex containing the meta‐phosphite ligand P(O)(OMe) originates from this reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: Baking, Ageing, Diabetes: A Short History of the Maillard Reaction
Authors: Hellwig Michael , Henle Thomas
Published: November 2014

Review: 223 refs.
Overview of breast cancer collaborative stage data items—their definitions, quality, usage, and clinical implications: A review of SEER data for 2004‐2010
Authors: Howlader Nadia , Chen Vivien W. , Ries Lynn A. G. , Loch Michelle M. , Lee Richard , DeSantis Carol , Lin Chun Chieh , Ruhl Jennifer , Cronin Kathleen A.
Published: November 2014

BACKGROUND

Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program registries began collecting new data items, known as site‐specific factors (SSFs), related to breast cancer treatment, prediction, and prognosis under the Collaborative Stage version 2 (CSv2) Data Collection System for cases diagnosed in 2010. The objectives of this report are to: 1) assess the completeness of the new SSFs and discuss their limitations and 2) discuss key changes in American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging between the 6th and 7th editions.

METHODS

We used data from the 18 SEER population‐based registries (SEER‐18), which included 71,983 women diagnosed with breast cancer in 2010.

RESULTS

Of the 18 SSFs examined in this study, 6 SSFs were more than 75% complete. Information on estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), was available for more than 90% of the invasive breast cancer cases. These data are required to categorize the distinct subtypes of breast cancer. The majority of cases also had information on other prognostic factors such as Bloom‐Richardson score/grade (83%) and the size of invasive component in the tumor (76%). As a result of changes in staging criteria, nearly 10% of cases categorized as stage IIA according to the 6th edition of the AJCC staging manual were downstaged to stage IB under the 7th edition.

CONCLUSIONS

The Collaborative Stage data collection system enables registries to collect current, relevant, and standardized data items that are consistent with the evolving view of breast cancer as a heterogeneous disease. Cancer 2014;120(23 suppl):3771‐80. © 2014 American Cancer Society.
Phase 1, open‐label, dose escalation, safety, and pharmacokinetics study of ME‐344 as a single agent in patients with refractory solid tumors
Authors: Bendell Johanna C. , Patel Manish R. , Infante Jeffrey R. , Kurkjian Carla D. , Jones Suzanne F. , Pant Shubham , Burris Howard A. , Moreno Ofir , Esquibel Vanessa , Levin Wendy , Moore Kathleen N.
Published: November 2014

BACKGROUND

The current phase 1, open‐label, dose escalation study was conducted to establish the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetic profile, and preliminary antitumor activity of the novel mitochondrial inhibitor ME‐344 in patients with refractory solid tumors.

METHODS

Patients with refractory solid tumors were treated in a 3 + 3 dose escalation design. ME‐344 was administered via intravenous infusion on days 1, 8, and 15 of the first 28‐day cycle and weekly thereafter. Pharmacokinetics was assessed on days 1 and 15 of the first cycle.

RESULTS

A total of 30 patients (median age, 65 years; 67% of whom were female) received ME‐344. There were 5 dose‐limiting toxicities reported. Four patients developed grade 3 neuropathy (2 patients each at doses of 15 mg/kg and 20 mg/kg) and 1 patient treated at a dose of 10 mg/kg developed a grade 3 acute myocardial infarction (toxicity was graded according to the National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events [version 4.03]). The maximum tolerated dose (MTD) was defined as 10 mg/kg weekly. The most common adverse events were nausea, dizziness, and fatigue. At the MTD of 10 mg/kg, the maximal plasma concentration (Cmax) was 25.8 µg/mL and the area under the concentration curve from time zero to infinity was 25.9 hour*µg/mL. One patient with small cell lung cancer achieved a partial response for ≥52 weeks. Four patients had prolonged stable disease (1 patient each with urothelial carcinoma [47 weeks], carcinoid tumor [≥40 weeks], cervical leiomyosarcoma [39 weeks], and cervical cancer [≥31 weeks]).

CONCLUSIONS

The once‐weekly administration of ME‐344 was generally well tolerated in the current study, a first‐in‐human study; dose‐limiting neuropathy was noted, but not at the MTD. Exposures at the 10‐mg/kg dose level suggest a sufficient therapeutic index. The preliminary clinical activity as a monotherapy supports the further clinical development of ME‐344 in combination with chemotherapy. Cancer 2015;121:1056–1063. © 2014 American Cancer Society.
Modeling privacy issues in distributed enterprise resource planning systems
Authors: Misra Subhas Chandra , Singh Virender , Jha Naveen Kumar , Bisui Sandip
Published: November 2014

With extensive usage and dependence on communication networks, ‘privacy’ issues in enterprise distributed systems have become fundamentally important. Privacy concerns have flooded the market especially in the public domain, and with the changing environment of software usage and involvement of malicious substances associated with any network, it becomes essential to safeguard and ascertain privacy among users and incorporate the same safeguard to protect privacy in software as well. The methodologies and tools architecting distributed enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems are primarily new and are vulnerable to malicious attacks. This paper aims at identifying some of critical privacy issues by collecting data from ERP practitioners. This work models variables associated with ERP with the variables of privacy to establish a robust adoption of ERP practices. Privacy issues concerning ERP are listed. Several variables associated with the development, implementation, and control of ERP are identified in the existing literature. A questionnaire instrument was distributed among a set of ERP practitioners. The response data collected thereby were analyzed statistically. Based upon the statistical analysis, an attempt has been made in the paper to make a ranking of the privacy factors. The observations are discussed in detail, and some specific conclusions have been made. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Ischemic necrosis of the femoral head: An experimental rabbit model
Authors: Tudisco Cosimo , Botti Flavia , Bisicchia Salvatore , Ippolito Ernesto
Published: November 2014

To describe the morphology of the proximal femoral epiphysis in a rabbit model from the ischemic insult to the end of the revascularization process. Ischemia of the femoral head was induced in 32 rabbits at the 8th day of life, by sectioning the joint capsule and the ligamentum teres and dislocating the femoral head. Rabbits were sacrificed at 4, 8, 12, 18, 21, 26, 34, and 48 days after surgery and femoral heads were observed histologically. During the first days following the ischemic injury, large areas underwent necrotic changes. Both epiphyseal and physeal cartilage were thicker than normal and less trabecular bone formation was evident. Bone marrow was also diffusely necrotic within the secondary center of ossification. After day 12th, reparative process started with formation of extensive areas of fibrocartilage and several secondary centers of ossifications. At that stage femoral head deformity was already evident. In the following days the secondary centers of ossification cohalesced and epiphyseal and physeal cartilage resumed a normal appearance, but the femur showed a permanent deformity. In newborn rabbits, the ischemic injury to the femoral head blocked the ossification of the epiphyseal and physeal cartilage associated to necrotic bone marrow within the secondary center of ossification of the femoral head as well as to extensive areas of necrosis of epiphyseal and physeal cartilage. Extensive areas of fibrocartilage and small newly formed ossification centers within the femoral epiphysis were the results of the revascularization process, and femoral head deformity became stable afterward. © 2015 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 33:535–541, 2015.
Vegetation and environments since the Last Glacial Maximum in the Southern Tablelands, New South Wales
Authors: KEMP JUSTINE , HOPE GEOFF
Published: November 2014

Regional changes in vegetation and environment in the last 16 ka have been reconstructed from Micalong Swamp and Willigobung Swamp (35°S) on the western Southern Tablelands of New South Wales (NSW). Micalong Swamp lies at 980 m above sea level (a.s.l.), which is close to the subalpine treeline at this latitude. Willigobung Swamp (780 m a.s.l.) approaches the modern ecotone between dry and wet montane forest formations. The sites are sensitive to shifts in temperature and precipitation and are the first reported pollen records from the western montane slopes of NSW. A radiocarbon‐based chronology indicates that Micalong Swamp was a swampy, gravel floodplain surrounded by alpine grassland before 16.1 ka. Subalpine woodland may have become established at 1000 m by 16–14 ka. Organic fen sedimentation developed <11.8 ka at Willigobung, and ∼11.7 ka at the higher elevation Micalong Swamp. Wet forest elements were present at both sites around 10 ka and persisted for 3–4 ka. Sedimentation in a shallow lake or fen between 10 and 8 ka supports this evidence for wetter conditions in the early Holocene. In the late Holocene an expansion of subalpine flora between 2.7 and 0.9 ka preceded by shallow lake/fen sedimentation is consistent with regional evidence for neoglacial cooling.
Effect of homopolymer matrix on diblock copolymer grafted nanoparticle conformation and potential of mean force: A molecular simulation study
Authors: Estridge Carla E. , Jayaraman Arthi
Published: November 2014

We study the effect of homopolymer A or B matrix on the conformations and effective interactions of AB diblock copolymer grafted particles using coarse‐grained molecular dynamics simulations. In an A homopolymer matrix we observe patchy conformations within the AB diblock copolymer grafted layer, where the number of B patches is controlled by the A‐A attractive interaction strength. In a B homopolymer matrix the grafted particle takes on a core‐corona conformation, where the inner A block aggregates near the particle surface and the outer B block forms a corona that interacts with the B matrix. The potential of mean force (PMF) between two particles in an A homopolymer matrix has a long‐ranged attractive well with a minima at intermediate distances corresponding to the location of the outer B block patches. The PMF between two particles in a B homopolymer matrix has an attractive well at short interparticle distances corresponding to the size of the inner A block. We isolate the contribution of the homopolymer matrix on the PMF between the two diblock copolymer grafted particles, by deducting the PMF in the absence of a matrix, assuming the contributions of the grafted particle and matrix to the PMF to be additive. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2015, 53, 76–88
Numerical investigation of nanoscale SiGe DG MOSFET performance against the interfacial defects
Authors: Bentrcia Toufik , Djeffal Fayçal , Dibi Zouhir , Arar Djemai
Published: November 2014

The SiGe‐based alloy is considered as one of the most promising materials for reliable and high performance microelectronic devices. The use of a lower band‐gap material in the channel region of the MOSFET, such as SiGe, is a potential candidate given their compatibility with the process developed for pure Si‐based devices. Moreover, the important increasing in the drain current due to the increased electrons mobility in SiGe material is expected. However, the growth of this material is not totally controlled, and the presence of defects is more than expected after a growth run of this material. Therefore, in order to obtain a global view of SiGe‐based nanoscale Double Gate (DG) MOSFET performance under critical conditions, numerical modeling of nanoscale SiGe DG MOSFET including Interfacial defect effects (SiGe/Si) is indispensable for the comprehension of the fundamentals of such device characteristics. Based on numerical investigation of a nanoscale SiGe DG MOSFET, including the defects in the interface region, in the present paper a numerical model for I‐V and small signal characteristics by including the interfacial defects, after considering the uniform function approximation for the interface defects distribution at the drain side, is developed to explain the immunity behavior of the nanoscale SiGe‐based transistor against the defect densities. In this context, DC and RF characteristics of the proposed design are analyzed by 2‐D numerical simulation and compared with conventional Si DG MOSFET characteristics. (© 2015 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Comparative study of defect evolution in carbon implanted strained SiGe and SiSn layers
Authors: Gaiduk Peter I. , Lundsgaard Hansen John , Nylandsted Larsen Arne , Skorupa Wolfgang
Published: November 2014

By combining secondary ion‐mass spectrometry, transmission‐electron microscopy (TEM) and Rutherford‐backscattering spectrometry we show that the redistribution of implanted carbon atoms around epitaxially strained Si/SiGe layers results in their accumulation on the Si side and depletion on the SiGe side. On the contrary, uphill diffusion of carbon into SiSn layers takes place in the case of Si/SiSn structures. The TEM study demonstrates formation of dislocation loops, stacking faults and interstitial clusters in the Si/SiGe layers, but elimination of interstitial dislocation loops and suppression of tin precipitates in the Si/SiSn layers. We deduced different evolution of dislocation loops and a precipitate is due to dopant‐defect complexes. The complex formation is enhanced by separation of implanted point defects in strain‐fields of Si/SiSn and Si/SiGe layers. (© 2015 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Resistive switching on MgO‐based metal‐insulator‐metal structures grown by molecular beam epitaxy
Authors: Menghini M. , Quinteros C. , Su C.‐Y , Homm P. , Levy P. , Kittl J. , Locquet J.‐P.
Published: November 2014

We report on non‐polar switching of the resistance between a low and a high resistive state in MgO‐based metal‐insulator‐metal structures. The MgO films were grown by MBE on top of Pt/Si substrates and Pt electrodes were evaporated on top. The obtained resistance ratio is of the order of 108‐109, much larger than previously reported values in similar devices. We observe a gradual degradation during consecutive switching events and a significant large dispersion of the voltages at which the resistance switch occurs. The overall behavior of the devices is assigned to a low defect density in these samples. The obtained results suggest that the resistive switching is produced by the formation and disruption of Mg metallic filaments. In order to analyze the influence of interfaces, we also study the effect of adding an intermediate layer of either Al2O3 or Mg within the Pt/MgO/Pt structures. The switching performance appears to be enhanced when Al2O3 is used. (© 2015 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Polarizable force fields based on physical models and quantum chemical calculations
Authors: Wang Xingyong , Yan Tianying , Ma Jing
Published: November 2014

This perspective gives a brief overview of recent developments of the polarizable force fields (FFs)—a kind of specific FF method that includes polarization effect into conventional molecular mechanics. The commonly adopted polarizable models, that is, the fluctuating charge model, Drude model, and the inducible dipole model are expatiated. Taking advantage of the recent development of computational techniques and fragment‐based low‐scaling quantum mechanics (QM) methods, QM‐based polarizable FFs appeared and particularly aroused great interest in biological systems. Current applications and limitations of several models are discussed. Opportunities and challenges for future development are also addressed. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Informality and survival in Ukraine's nuclear landscape: Living with the risks of Chernobyl
Authors: Davies Thom , Polese Abel
Published: November 2014

Recent debates on informal economic activities have partially switched away from a pure monetary logic towards a more complex one, embedded in long term relations and reckoning with non materialistic paradigms. The role of informality in certain aspects of people's lives has however, remained largely unexplored. This article uncovers what happens when the state retires from (providing benefits and social services to) a geographic area and what kind of mechanisms, practices and institutions are created to make up for this. We suggest that, in the face of de facto abandonment by state welfare, and the absence of a private sector alternative, a myriad of transactions and actors can make up for this by replacing these forms of welfare informally. Our case study focuses on the nuclear landscapes around the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone in north–central Ukraine as we reveal the ways the excluded and abandoned, which we frame as post-nuclear “bare life” (Agamben, 1998), have created a mechanism of social security that is independent from the state and yet complements it. Informal, local and unofficial understandings of nuclear spaces are central to survival in this marginalised and risky environment.
Identification of the WNT1 residues required for palmitoylation by Porcupine
Authors: Miranda M. , Galli L.M. , Enriquez M. , Szabo L.A. , Gao X. , Hannoush R.N. , Burrus L.W.
Published: November 2014

The post‐translational palmitoylation of WNT morphogens is critical for proper signaling during embryogenesis and adult homeostasis. The addition of palmitoyl groups to WNT proteins is catalyzed by Porcupine (PORCN). However, the Wnt amino acid residues required for recognition and palmitoylation by PORCN have not been fully characterized. We show that WNT1 residues 214–234 are sufficient for PORCN‐dependent palmitoylation of Ser224. Substitution of Ser224 with Thr, but not Cys, is tolerated in palmitoylation and biological assays. Our data highlight the importance of palmitoylation for WNT1 activity and establish PORCN as an O‐acyl transferase for WNT1.
Exercise Therapy for a Patient With Persistent Dyspnea After Combined Traumatic Diaphragmatic Rupture and Phrenic Nerve Injury
Authors: Han Kyu Yong , Bang Heui Je
Published: November 2014

We present a case report of a patient with a history of diaphragmatic rupture who had persistent dyspnea for 9 months after primary surgical repair of a right diaphragmatic rupture caused by a car accident. A phrenic nerve conduction study was performed, which demonstrated a rare accompanying ipsilateral phrenic nerve injury with resultant hemidiaphragmatic paralysis. Aerobic exercise therapy for the purpose of improving endurance and dietary modification for weight reduction were prescribed and continued for 6 months. The exercise intensity was prescribed based on the percentage of maximum heart rate as confirmed by an exercise tolerance test. The duration of exercise was gradually increased. In this case, the long‐persistent dyspnea was successfully alleviated via nonoperative management to the point that the patient could resume regular activities of daily living.
(In)variability of Attachment in Middle Childhood: Secure Base Script Evidence in Diary Data
Authors: Bosmans Guy , Van de Walle Magali , Goossens Lien , Ceulemans Eva
Published: November 2014

Secure attachment is characterised by a secure base script regarding the attachment figure as a source for support. Having such a cognitive script should affect the stability of state attachment. Specifically, incongruent attachment-related information should get assimilated to this secure base script, leading to state attachment scores that hardly fluctuate. For children without a script, state attachment should vary depending on the quality of attachment-related interactions. Two diary studies were carried out in 9- to 13-year-old children. Results suggested that with assimilation: (1) securely attached children fluctuated less in their daily attachment-related appraisals; (2) fluctuations were related to conflicts with mother; (3) this relation was stronger for less securely attached children. Consequently, these studies further support the secure base script hypothesis and provide insight into the interplay of trait and state components of attachment-related appraisals.
Parent-Assisted Cognitive-Behavioural Therapy for Children's Nighttime Fear
Authors: Stewart Sandra E. , Gordon Jocelynne E.
Published: November 2014

Nighttime fear, including fear of monsters and the dark, is common. For most children and adolescents, nighttime fears are transient. However, approximately 10% experience severe nighttime fear that negatively impacts sleep, adjustment, and family life. Research conducted in the 1980s indicates that cognitive-behavioural therapy can reduce nighttime fear in as few as three sessions. The aims of the present study were to replicate and extend earlier research by evaluating a cognitive-behavioural treatment package for children's severe nighttime fear, and address methodological issues in previous studies. A manualised, multi-component treatment package was developed, based on current evidence-based practice for the treatment of children's anxiety. Interventions included graded exposure, muscle relaxation, cognitive restructuring, and social and material reinforcement. Treatment was individually tailored and delivered via weekly modules. A multiple baseline across-subjects design was utilised. Four ‘families’ — one parent and one child — participated; children's ages ranged from 6 to 10 years. Families attended five weekly intervention sessions and a 1-month follow-up. Multiple outcome measures were administered pre- and post-treatment. All children displayed changes consistent with reduced nighttime fear following treatment, including fewer phobic symptoms, reduced general fear, and improved nighttime and general behaviour. These changes were maintained at follow-up. Parents reported a high degree of satisfaction with the program and would recommend it to other families. The results support the effectiveness of manualised, parent-assisted treatment for nighttime fear in as few as three sessions. In cases of severe nighttime fear, therapist support is recommended. Treatment implications for children with complex presentations are discussed.
A TEXTUAL NOTE ON PAUL OF AEGINA,PRAGMATEIA6.88
Authors: Das Aileen R.
Published: November 2014

Paul of Aegina's (fl.c. 630)Pragmateiais the only extant Greek medical text from antiquity that discusses the extraction of arrows and small missiles. In his book on surgery, Paul details how to extract arrows according to their properties and the parts of the body which they have wounded (6.88). He prefaces his instructions by describing how arrows differ in their material, figure, size, number, mode, and power. Paul's account of arrow varieties appears to reflect the environment of his medical practice, seventh-century Alexandria, for he refers to Egyptian arrow types when listing the material composition and sizes of different arrows.
CIRIS 137: AN EMENDATION
Authors: Kayachev Boris
Published: November 2014

As the narrator of the Ciris prepares to describe Cupid's attack on Scylla, daughter of Nisus, he offers a concise aretalogy of this powerful god (133–9):
sed malus ille puer, quem nec sua flectere materiratum potuit, quem nec pater atque auus idemIuppiter (ille etiam Poenos domitare leoneset ualidas docuit uires mansuescere tigris,ille etiam diuos homines – sed dicere magnum est),idem tum tristis acuebat paruulus irasIunonis magnae ...
BEHAGHEL'S CLUB
Authors: Kwapisz Jan
Published: November 2014

Recent decades have witnessed a growing interest injeux de motsin Greek poetry. It was especially the discovery of the ΛΕΠΤΗ acrostic in Aratus'Phaenomenaby J.-M. Jacques in 1960 that stimulated the desire for joining the elite club of those capable of detecting such encrypted messages. This period of intensiveRätselforschungrecently found its culmination in the publication of C. Luz's monograph on linguistic games in Greek poetry, in which an impressive variety of these is discussed: acrostics, palindromes, anagrams, isopsephic poems,carmina figurata, and so forth. Yet even Luz's list is incomplete, and the present discussion aims to offer a brief supplement to her admirable book. I will discuss a playful device used by Greek poets which may not be as spectacular as acrostics but beats them in one hardly negligible respect – that a plausible new discovery may be easier to make in this field.
A STICHOMETRIC ALLUSION TO CATULLUS 64 IN THECULEX
Authors: Lowe Dunstan
Published: November 2014

In a recent note, I collected instances of ‘stichometric allusion’, the technique in which poets allude, in one or more of their own verses, to source verses with corresponding line numbers. The technique existed in Hellenistic Greek poetry, but seems more prevalent (or at least, detectable) among the Latin poets of the Augustan era, who applied it to Greek and Latin predecessors alike, as well as internally to their own work. New illustrations of each type may be added here to those previously brought to light. Further examples, detected in an unsystematic fashion, no doubt lie dormant in published discussions and commentaries. Callimachus is still the only known Greek practitioner; perhaps his Roman successors considered the technique not merely Hellenistic but Callimachean. Authors of later ages employ the same techniques in equally haphazard fashion, although this does not mean that they had necessarily noticed examples from antiquity.
THE ‘ARGONAUTIC’ EXPEDITION OF THE ARGIVES: MODELS OF HEROISM IN STATIUS'THEBAID
Authors: Parkes Ruth
Published: November 2014

While Statius' decision to treat events in landlocked Thebes offered limited opportunity to integrate into his poem a maritime episode, which had become a staple epic ingredient by the first centurya.d.,theThebaidis dotted with references to the Argonauts' quest for the Golden Fleece, including a narrative flashback of the crew's time at Lemnos (Theb. 5.335–498). Following in a long tradition of cross-contamination between Argonautic and Theban literary texts (as shown by, for example, the ApollonianArgonautica's use of Antimachus'Thebaid), Statius' poem also evokes works of literature which narrate the legend, notably theArgonauticasof Apollonius Rhodius and Valerius Flaccus. A lack of scholarly focus on this latter area has generally led to a piecemeal scrutiny of individual allusive passages rather than a systematic treatment. However, Stover's recent paper paves the way for a more productive approach through its contention that theThebaidmakes widespread use of the mythic subject matter: ‘It … appears that Statius frequently appropriates the Argonautic tradition and that he does so largely to present the Argives as quasi Argonauts. This suggests that their adventure to conquer Thebes is analogous to the Argonauts’ voyage to Colchis.'
TELEPHUS ON PAROS: GENEALOGY AND MYTH IN THE ‘NEW ARCHILOCHUS’ POEM (P OXY. 4708)
Authors: Swift L.A.
Published: November 2014

In recent years, our understanding of Archilochus has been transformed by the discovery of a major new fragment from the Oxyrhynchus collection (P Oxy.4708), first published by Dirk Obbink. The new poem is not only the most substantial of Archilochus' elegiac fragments, but more importantly it is the first example we have of the poet's use of myth, for the surviving section narrates a mythological theme: the defeat of the Achaeans at the hands of Telephus during their first attempt to reach Troy. Scholars have found the choice and handling of the myth surprising, and the role that Telephus plays within the poem has been a subject of controversy. Yet this debate has tended to dwell on the Telephus myth in its general form, rather than focussing on the details of how Archilochus presents him in this particular context. This article will explore the significance that Telephus could have had for a Parian audience, and will use this to investigate the political and rhetorical impact of his presentation within the poem. I will argue that Archilochus highlights the aspects of Telephus' story which connect him most closely with Parian local myth, and that he does so in order to enhance the poem's central message: criticism and implicit mockery of the mythological battle and, by implication, of contemporary Parian military strategy.
The Oligocene succession in the eastern North Sea: basin development and depositional systems
Authors: JARSVE E. M. , EIDVIN T. , NYSTUEN J. P. , FALEIDE J. I. , GABRIELSEN R. H. , THYBERG B. I.
Published: November 2014

The Oligocene sedimentary succession in the eastern North Sea is revised and re-interpreted by applying new state-of-the-art reflection seismic data integrated with new bio- and Sr-stratigraphy data from three key wells in the study area. The Oligocene succession in the eastern North Sea is divided into four transgressive–regressive (T-R) sequences, characterized by non-accretional and/or aggradational transgressive systems tracts and prograding regressive systems tracts. Detailed studies of three wells, including biostratigraphy and Sr analysis, constrain the age relationships between the T-R sequences. Internal clinoform geometry indicates that the sediments were sourced from the present southern Norwegian mainland to the north of the depositional area. The direction of progradation shifted from being SE-directed in the earliest Rupelian (early Oligocene) to S- and SW-directed during Chattian time (late Oligocene). Rapid basin subsidence is indicated by the development of non-accretionary transgressive systems tracts, with subsequent progradation into water depths of hundreds of metres. The creation of accommodation space was out of phase relative to eustatic sea-level changes, and mainly controlled by regional-scale differential vertical movements where uplift and exposure of landmasses of the hinterland (southern Norway) occurred concurrently with basin subsidence. Halokinesis had an intra-basinal influence on the main sediment transport direction, but probably did not contribute much in creation of accommodation space.
Religious Resurgence, Authoritarianism, and “Ritual Governance”:BaciRituals, Village Meetings, and the Developmental State in Rural Laos
Authors: Singh Sarinda
Published: November 2014

Much productive scholarship across Asia has considered the links between religious resurgence and authoritarian governance. However, limitations persist in conceptualizations of state authority, which I examine in the literature on Southeast Asia. Noteworthy are the assumptions that central institutions are definitive of authoritarian states, and divides between study of the sacred and secular. I propose the notion of “ritual governance” to address these conceptual issues and illustrate this with an ethnographic case study from a major development project in Laos, the Nam Theun 2 hydropower scheme. I show how Lao government officials working with ethnic minority villagers used abaciritual and village meeting to combine a persuasive sense of unity with coercive use of hierarchy. Significantly, thebaciand other Buddhist rituals were suppressed by the early socialist state, but regained prominence with ideological shifts from socialism to modern developmentalism. This case study demonstrates the contemporary significance of state-sponsored ritual for development in Laos as well as the need for more nuanced conceptions of the state in discussions of religiosity and authoritarianism across Asia.