bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
State Abortion Context and U.S. Women's Contraceptive Choices, 1995–2010
Authors: Jacobs Josephine , Stanfors Maria
Published: June 2015

CONTEXT

The number of women in the United States exposed to restrictive abortion policies has increased substantially over the past decade. It is not well understood whether and how women adjust their contraceptive behavior when faced with restrictive abortion contexts.

METHODS

Data from 14,523 women aged 15–44 were drawn from the 1995 and 2010 cycles of the National Survey of Family Growth. A difference‐in‐differences approach was employed to examine the relationship between state‐level changes in women's access to abortion and their contraceptive choices. Multinomial logistic regression analysis was used to determine the relative risk of using highly effective or less effective methods rather than no method for women exposed to varying levels of restrictive abortion contexts.

RESULTS

Women who lived in a state where abortion access was low were more likely than women living in a state with greater access to use highly effective contraceptives rather than no method (relative risk ratio, 1.4). Similarly, women in states characterized by high abortion hostility (i.e., states with four or more types of restrictive policies in place) were more likely to use highly effective methods than were women in states with less hostility (1.3). The transition to a more restrictive abortion context was not associated with women's contraceptive behavior, perhaps because states that introduced restrictive abortion legislation between 1995 and 2010 already had significant limitations in place.

CONCLUSION

To prevent unwanted pregnancies, it is important to ensure access to highly effective contraceptive methods when access to abortions is limited.
Kinetics and equilibrium studies of the adsorption of nickel (II) ions from aqueous solution onto modified natural and synthetic iron oxide
Authors: Adolphe Kouoh Sone Paul-Michel , Merlain Tagne Guy , Blaise Lekene Ngouateu RenÃ© , Desire Belibi Belibi Placide , Julius NdiNsami , Daouda Kouotou , Julius Ghogomu Numbonui , Solomon Anagho Gabche , Joseph Ketcha Mbadcam
Published: June 2015

The present paper reports on the kinetic and equilibrium studies of the adsorption of Nickel(II) ions from aqueous solution onto modified natural iron oxide (NAT) from Mbalam (East Region of Cameroon) and synthetic iron oxide (SYNTH). The parameters investigated using batch techniques include, the contact time, adsorbent mass, pH and initial metal ion concentration. The experimental results obtained showed that, the optimum pH of 6 for bothadsorbents with an equilibrium time of 30 minutes was sufficient. The kinetic data correlated well with the pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetic models for both the adsorbents based on the correlation coefficients (R2) obtained. The adsorption processes followed both the Langmuir and the Tempkin adsorption models for the natural iron oxide, whereas the Freundlich and Tempkin adsorption models fitted well the adsorption data for the synthetic iron oxide. The maximum quantity of Nickel(II) ions adsorbed was 250 mg/g for the two adsorbents. These results revealed a high adsorption capacity of natural iron oxide which is comparable to that of synthetic iron oxide.
failures in composite restoration
Authors: Mahajan Vishal , Bhondwe Sarvesha , Doot Rohit , Balpande Rupali , Bhandari Sonam , Dahiwale Sonali
Published: June 2015

In recent years, the popularity of tooth colored restorative material has led to a rapid increase in the use of resins. This critical review paper is meant to be useful contribution to the recognition & understanding of problems related to the failures of composite restoration. This review categorizes the challenges as those related to the restorative materials, the dentist and the patients. In spite of the major improvements in both physical and mechanical characteristics following factors are still of major concern, such as improper case selection, isolation, wear resistance, cavity preparation, placement of composites, curing, finishing & polishing. Major problems associated with composites failures are polymerization shrinkage & contraction stress related to polymerization shrinkage, water sorption, solubility, discoloration of restoration (staining), elution of material from restoration, marginal failures, secondary caries, and fracture of the restoration, post-operative sensitivity, and micro-leakage.
Isoelectric Focusing of Serum Apolipoprotein C-III as a Sensitive Screening Method for the Detection of O-glycosylation Disturbances
Authors: Ondrušková Nina , Honzík Tomáš , Kytnarová Jitka , Matoulek Martin , Zeman Jiří , Hansíková Hana
Published: June 2015

Apolipoprotein C-III (ApoC-III) is a glycoprotein carrying the most common O-linked glycan structure and is abundantly present in serum, what renders it a suitable marker for analysis of O-glycosylation abnormalities. Isoelectric focusing followed by a Western blot of ApoC-III, using PhastSystem™ Electrophoresis System (GE Healthcare), was introduced as a rather simple and rapid method for screening of certain subtypes of inherited glycosylation disorders. The study’s aim was to establish this method in our laboratory, what included performing the analysis in a group of 170 healthy individuals to set the reference range of detected relative amounts of sialylated ApoC-III isoforms and to evaluate the gender- and age-dependent differences. A significant relative increase of asialo-ApoC-III with growing age was found. Secondly, we examined serum from patients with selected metabolic disorders and detected minor O-glycosylation changes in diseases such as Prader-Willi syndrome, PGM1 (phosphoglucomutase 1) or MAN1B (class 1B alpha-1,2-mannosidase) deficiency. Our results show that this method allows for a sensitive detection of ApoC-III O-glycosylation status, however this might be modulated by several factors (i.e. nutrition, medication) whose exact role remains to be determined.
Adipose Tissue as an Endocrine Organ: An Update on Pro-inflammatory and Anti-inflammatory Microenvironment
Authors: Smitka Kvido , Marešová Dana
Published: June 2015

Adipose tissue is recognized as an active endocrine organ that produces a number of endocrine substances referred to as “adipokines” including leptin, adiponectin, adipolin, visfatin, omentin, tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), resistin, pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF), and progranulin (PGRN) which play an important role in the food intake regulation and significantly influence insulin sensitivity and in some cases directly affect insulin resistance in skeletal muscle, liver, and adipose tissue. The review summarizes current knowledge about adipose tissue-derived hormones and their influence on energy homeostasis regulation. The possible therapeutic potential of these adipokines in the treatment of insulin resistance, endothelial dysfunction, a pro-inflammatory response, obesity, eating disorders, progression of atherosclerosis, type 1 diabetes, and type 2 diabetes is discussed.
Changes in the Pattern of Primary Hyperparathyroidism in Czech Republic
Authors: Broulík Petr , Adámek Svatopluk , Libánský Petr , Kubinyi Jozef
Published: June 2015

Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is currently the most common endocrine disorder in Czech Republic after diabetes and thyroid diseases particularly in postmenopausal women. Over the past 40 years PHPT has changed from a rare severe disease of the bones and kidneys to common disease with hypertension, peptic ulcer, pancreatitis, easy fatigue and proximal muscle weakness. During 43 years we have examined one of the greatest groups of patients with PHPT. In the early 1970 the estimated incidence of PHPT in former Czechoslovakia was approximately 8 cases per 100 000 persons per year. Our data showed that the incidence of PHPT increased sharply to 24 cases per 100 000 persons per year in same community with the introduction of automated serum calcium and iPTH measurement. The disease is four times more frequent in women as in man. The ratio women to men did not changed since 1981. However the incidence of PHPT changed in Czech Republic from previous years, it develops around the fifth decade of life and is increasingly discovered with advancing age. The incidence of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, cholelithiasis, pancreatitis and peptic ulcer among patients with PHPT is higher as compared with the incidence of these diseases in the general population. However there are still patients suffering from bone and renal complication of PHPT. Removing the adenoma by an experienced surgeon is the first choice of treatment of patients with PHPT. The study offers valuable data on the actual state of hyperparathyroid patients in the Czech Republic.
Sodium Orthovanadate and Trigonella Foenum Graecum Prevents Neuronal Parameters Decline and Impaired Glucose Homeostasis in Alloxan Diabetic Rats
Authors: Kumar Pardeep , Taha Asia , Kumar Nitin , Kumar Vinod , Baquer Najma Zaheer
Published: June 2015

Hyperglycemia is the most important contributor in the onset and progress of diabetic complications mainly by producing oxidative stress. The present study was carried out to observe, the antihyperglycemic effect of sodium orthovanadate (SOV) andTrigonella foenum graecumseed powder (TSP) administration on blood glucose and insulin levels, membrane linked enzymes (monoamine oxidase, acetylcholinesterase, Ca2+ATPase), intracellular calcium (Ca2+) levels, lipid peroxidation, membrane fluidity and neurolipofuscin accumulation in brain of the alloxan induced diabetic rats and to see whether the treatment with SOV and TSP was capable of reversing the diabetic effects. Diabetes was induced by administration of alloxan monohydrate (15 mg/100 g body weight) and rats were treated with 2 IU insulin, 0.6 mg/ml SOV, 5% TSP in the diet and a combination of 0.2 mg/ml SOV and 5% TSP separately for three weeks. Diabetic rats showed hyperglycemia with almost four fold high blood glucose levels. Activities of acetylcholinesterase and Ca2+ATPase decreased in diabetic rat brain. Diabetic rats exhibited an increased level of intracellular Ca2+levels, lipid peroxidation, neurolipofuscin accumulations and monoamine oxidase activity. Treatment of diabetic rats with insulin, TSP, SOV and a combined therapy of lower dose of SOV with TSP revived normoglycemia and restored the altered level of membrane bound enzymes, lipid peroxidation and neurolipofuscin accumulation. Our results showed that lower doses of SOV (0.2 mg/ml) could be used in combination with TSP in normalization of altered metabolic parameters and membrane linked enzymes without any harmful side effect.
Using Dental Age to Estimate Chronological Age in Czech Children Aged 3–18 Years
Authors: Ginzelová Kristina , Dostálová Taťjana , Eliášová Hana , Vinšů Alex , Buček Antonín , Bučková Michaela
Published: June 2015

The Demirjian methods to determine dental age are based on analysis of orthopantograms. The dental age estimation is based on establishing the tooth development stages. The purpose of this study was to assess the accuracy of estimation of dental age by Demirjian in the use of all of his four methods. 505 Czech healthy boys and girls aged 3 to 18 years were examined radiographically at the Department of Stomatology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague. It was mentioned the factors of underlying diseases influence the accuracy of the dental age estimation. For statistical evaluation, descriptive statistics was used to compare deviations of the mean values of chronological and dental age in each age group. The resulting difference between dental age and chronological age is not significant in both genders only when using both Demirjian 7-teeth methods of 1973 and 1976. Therefore these may be most appropriately used for forensic age estimation. There are shown standard deviation differences in different countries. Demirjian’s original 7-teeth method from 1973 and Demirjian’s revised 4-teeth method from 1976 appear to be the best methods for calculating the dental age of healthy Czech children of both genders.
Envenoming by Crotalid Snake Chinese Moccasin Agkistrodon Acutus Bite – A Case Report
Authors: Valenta Jiří , Stach Zdeněk , Michálek Pavel
Published: June 2015

Although the bites caused by snakes from former Agkistrodon family in the areas of occurrence are not rare and even have certain epidemiologic importance, in case of envenoming by Deinagkistrodon acutus the clinical studies and case reports are very sporadic. This case report describes the envenoming of a private snake breeder bitten by young Chinese moccasin Deinagkistrodon acutus to the thumb of his left hand. He sought for a medical help immediately after snakebite. Patient presented with a local oedema on the affected limb, extending up to the half of the forearm. Laboratory examinations showed serious haemostatic disturbance with defibrination syndrome, immeasurably prolonged clotting times and extreme elevation of D-dimers. No other obvious clinical symptoms were present. Fibrinogen and fresh frozen plasma were administered because the antivenom was not available immediately. The specific antivenom was urgently imported 22 hours after the bite and administered at a dose of two vials three times until laboratory haemocoagulation parameters returned back to physiological values.
Inframammarial Giant Fibroadenoma Removing and a Nipple-sparing Breast Reconstruction in an Adolescent: A Case Report
Authors: Ciftci Ilhan , Sekmenli Tamer , Ozbek Seda , Karamese Mehtap , Ugras Serdar
Published: June 2015

Fibroadenomas are common, benign breast tumors that usually affect women in the second and third decade of life. Giant fibroadenomas often cause significant concern for the patient or family regarding malignant potential and altered breast development. Most fibroadenomas are benign. Local excision of small lesions through a circumareolar or inframammary incision rather than radical surgery is appropriate. Breast ultrasound represents the most commonly used imaging modality for the study of pediatric female breast masses and fibroadenomas. Detailed descriptions of the sonographic appearances of fibroadenomas in young girls are sparse. We believe that surgical treatment for the patient should include tumor extirpation and immediate restoration of breast appearance, minimizing visible scars, protection of the developing breast bud, nipple, and areola. This modality reduces psychosocial comorbidity.
Unusual Variation of the Biceps Brachii with Possible Median Nerve Entrapment
Authors: Yershov Danylo , Hudák Radovan
Published: June 2015

The biceps brachii is one of three muscles of the anterior compartment of arm. Variations of the biceps brachii are not rare. The most frequent is the existence of a third head called the humeral head by Le Double (1897) (Rodríguez-Vázquez et al., 1999). Our article is based on the unexpected result of a routine dissection class held for medical students. Dissection was performed according to the guidelines accepted by the anatomy department (Seichert, 1999). We describe a third (accessory) head of the biceps brachii. In addition of two regular heads, the third head originated together with the short head from the coracoid process and had three insertions on the humerus after enfolding the median nerve and the brachial artery. This particular variation is important from a clinical perspective as the third head may cause entrapment syndrome of the median nerve and hypoperfusion of the upper limb due to compression of the brachial artery.
Individually-tailored thyroxine requirement in the same patients before and after thyroidectomy: a longitudinal study
Authors: Del Duca S C , Santaguida M G , Brusca N , Gatto I , Cellini M , Gargano L , Verga Falzacappa C , Frattaroli F M , Virili C , Centanni M
Published: June 2015

Objective

Thyroxine (T4) requirement after total thyroidectomy for differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) is a debated issue. As most of the studies in the area have been retrospective and/or performed with heterogeneous therapeutic approaches, we designed our study to determine T4 requirement in the same patients and treatment settings, before and after total thyroidectomy.

Design, patients and methods

This was a longitudinal study including 23 goitrous patients treated with T4 in an individually tailored fashion. All patients exhibited a stable TSH (median TSH=0.28 mU/l) at a stable T4 dose for at least 1 year before surgery (median T4 dose=1.50 μg/kg per day). The patients underwent total thyroidectomy based on cancer suspicion or compressive symptoms. Eventually diagnosed as having DTC (pT1b-pT2N0) and following surgical and radiometabolic treatment, they were treated with the same pre-surgical doses of T4.

Results

Three months after surgery,using the same pre-surgical dose, median TSH increased up to 5.38 mU/l (P<0.0001) and so the T4 dose had to be increased (median T4 dose=1.95 μg/kg per day; +30%; P<0.0001). Once divided by patients' age, we observed that, after thyroidectomy and maintaining the same pre-surgical dose, serum TSH significantly increased both in younger and in older patients (median TSH=4.57 and 6.11 mU/l respectively). Serum TSH was restored to the pre-surgical level by increasing the dose up to 1.95 and 1.77 μg/kg per day (+25 and +21%) respectively.

Conclusions

Following the same treatment regimen, a thyroidectomized patient requires one-third higher therapeutic T4 dose than before surgery. Despite this increase, the dose of T4 needed in our patients remains significantly lower than that previously described in athyreotic patients.
Cerebralis hyperperfusiós szindróma és vérnyomáskontroll
Authors: Fazekas Gábor , Kasza Gábor , Arató Endre , Sínay László , Vadász Gergely , Füzi Árpád , Hardi Péter , Benkő László , Nagy Tibor , Jancsó Gábor , Menyhei Gábor
Published: June 2015

Introduction: Cerebral hyperperfusion syndrome is a rare, hardly known condition, which can result in serious complications either after surgical or endovascular revascularization. Recognition of the typical triad (headache, seizure, focal neurological deficit) and the prompt radiological diagnosis (sonography, computed tmography) are crucial to achieve a favourable outcome. Aim: The aim of the authors was to select the endangered group and set up an effective therapeutic protocol based their own expereince in combination with relevant literature data. Method: From the beginning of 2010 up to now three cases with these symptoms pursuant to the criteria of cerebral hyperperfusion syndrome have been recognized by the authors. Results: Each of the three patients were treated by similar principles on intensive care unit, but the applied therapy resulted in complete remission in one patient only. Conclusions: At present there is no efficient diagnostic way to screen the endangered group, hence the only opportunity for prevention is the appropriate perioperative blood pressure control. If symptoms have developed already, urgent treatment is required. Orv. Hetil., 2015, 156(26), 1049–1053.
A machiavellizmus kapcsolata viselkedéses és pszichés problémákkal serdülőkorban
Authors: Láng András
Published: June 2015

Introduction: Machiavellianism is a personality trait that is characterized by intense interpersonal manipulation in order to achieve personal material goals. Previous studies revealed a relationship between Machiavellianism and diverse forms of psychological difficulties in adults. Aim: Studies also revealed such relationships in adolescents as well, but studies investigating the relationship between Machiavellianism and psychological difficulties in adolescents are still absent in Hungary. Method: In this study 502 secondary school students (356 girls) filled out questionnaires that measured Machiavellianism and psychological and behavioral difficulties. Results: Machiavellianism was associated with higher total problem score. This resulted mainly from higher scores on scales measuring emotional and behavioral problems. Moreover, hyperactivity and lack of prosocial behavior were also associated with Machiavellianism. At the same time, Machiavellian adolescents did not differ in self-reported loneliness from their peers. Conclusions: The author discusses the results in the light of previous research and from the perspective of emotion and behavior regulation. Practical aspects of the results are also discussed in the context of prevention. Orv. Hetil., 2015, 156(26), 1054–1058.
Indukált pluripotens őssejtek szerepe a neurológiai betegségek modellezésében
Authors: Balogh Zoltán , Réthelyi János , Molnár Mária
Published: June 2015

The longitudinal follow-up of the development and course of central nervous system related diseases on a molecular level was unsolved for decades. Direct examination of the pathological state on organ or tissue levels was feasible in the late stage of the disease. Modeling diseases has an important role in studying the pathophysiological mechanism underlying central nervous system disorders but animals used as model organism due to species specific nervous system differences can lead to less valid conclusions in translational research. The model of induced pluripotent stem cells may help to solve partially these types of problems. In recent years this model had a strong effect on understanding the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative and neurodevelopmental disorders. Although induced pluripotent stem cells have a low impact on clinical research studies, they have a prominent role in the field of cell physiology and molecular biology research. Orv. Hetil., 2015, 156(26), 1035–1039.
Nem minden coeliakia, ami annak látszik. Coeliakia és gyulladásos bélbetegség együttes előfordulása
Authors: Tokodi István
Published: June 2015

The prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease is ten times more common in patients with celiac disease; however, studies investigating the reverse relation have contradictory findings. Many gene polymorphisms are known to be present in both diseases; furthermore, similarities observed in their pathophysiological mechanism, their family concomitance, results of the serologic analysis and their macroscopic and microscopic symptoms in the gastro-intestinal system suggest a relevant association between the two diseases. The author presents the history of four patients, of whom two had both Crohn’s and coeliac diseases. In the two other patients with inflammatory bowel disease the possible diagnosis of coeliac disease was suspected, but after additional examinations coeliac disease was excluded in one patient and seemed to be unlikely in the other patient. The author concludes that the differential diagnosis of the two diseases is not easy and if one of them is diagnosed, the possible presence of the other one should be taken into consideration. Orv. Hetil., 2015, 156(26), 1059–1064.
Új generációs szekvenálás és használata az aneuploidiák nem invazív praenatalis vizsgálatában
Authors: Babay Lilla Éva , Horányi Dániel , Rigó Jr. János , Nagy Gyula Richárd
Published: June 2015

The development of the new generation sequencing techniques brought a new era in the field of DNA sequencing, that also revolutionized the prenatal screening for aneuploidy. In order to provide a more complete view, the authors describe some first generation methods as well as the theoretical and technical background of the next generation methods. In the second part of this review, the authors focuse on non-invasive prenatal testing, which is a fetal cell-free DNA based method requiring advanced sequencing procedures. After discussing the theoretical and technical background, the authors review current application and utility of non-invasive prenatal testing. They conclude that non-invasive prenatal testing is the most effective screening test in high risk pregnancies and its efficiency can be justified in studies involving low risk pregnancies as well. Orv. Hetil., 2015, 156(26), 1041–1048.
Selection of arabica coffee progenies tolerant to heat stress
Authors: Teixeira Alexsandro Lara , Souza Flávio de França , Pereira Antonio Alves , Oliveira Antonio Carlos Baião de , Rocha Rodrigo Barros
Published: June 2015

Due to high temperatures, practically all coffee farms in the state of Rondonia are of the C. canephora species. Thus, importing arabica coffee from other states becomes necessary for composition of blends, as well as for the specialty or gourmet coffee market. The purpose of this study was to select arabica coffee genotypes that exhibit satisfactory agronomic performance under high temperature conditions. The experiment was conducted in OuroPreto do Oeste, RO, Brazil, with mean annual temperature of 25.8°C and mean annual rainfall of 2300mm year-1. The experiment was composed of 114 arabica coffee genotypes, with 103 progenies and eleven control cultivars, provided by EPAMIG. A randomized block experimental design was used with three replications, spacing of 3.0x1.0 meters and five plants per plot. All the crop seasons showed significant difference for the green coffee yield trait. In joint analysis, significant differences were detected among progenies and control cultivars. In the average of the four harvests, green coffee yield was 32.38 bags ha-1. The cultivars 'CatuaíVermelho IAC 15', 'Obatã IAC 1669-20' and 'Catucaí Amarelo 2SLCAK' stood out, achieving yields greater than 40 bags ha-1. The gain obtained from selection was 14.33 bags ha-1, which is equivalent to an increase of 44.04% in production of green coffee. The progeny H514-7-10-6-2-3-9 stood out with an average yield of 51.20 bags ha-1. In regard to maturation cycle, 56% of the progenies were classified as early maturity and 44% as medium maturity. Late maturity genotypes were not observed
Ethanol extract of Cymbopogon winterianus on mortality and number of eggs of Tetranychus urticae
Authors: Vicentini Victor Bernardo , Pratissoli Dirceu , Queiroz Vagner Tebaldi de , Costa Adilson Vidal , Pinheiro Patrícia Fontes , Zinger Fernando Domingo , Rondelli Vando Miossi
Published: June 2015

Plant extracts have been studied as a promising source of natural insecticides. This study assessed the effect of the ethanol extract of Cymbopogon winterianus Jowitt (citronella grass) in comparison with an insecticide containing azadirachtin (ICA) on mortality and number of eggs of Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) in laboratory conditions. For the tests, the mites were sprayed with the aid of a Potter spray tower. To assess the mortality of females, LC50 value for extract of citronella grass and ICA was, respectively, 2.63 and 2.83%. With respect to the number of eggs, the greatest reduction was observed at a concentration of 5% for the evaluation period of 120h, both for the extract of citronella grass (86%) and for ICA (81%). These results suggest the potential of the ethanol extract of citronella grass to control of T. urticae. However, experiments, under field conditions, involving other populations of T. urticae should be performed to verify the efficacy of this extract as an alternative to be used in pest management programs
Distance exercised during submaximal training on race winnings for Thoroughbred racehorses
Authors: Berkman Carolina , Teixeira Luisa Gouvea , Pereira Marsel Carvalho , Sampaio Rita de Cássia de Lima , Bernardi Nara Saraiva , Lacerda Neto José Correia de , Queiroz Neto Antonio de , Ferraz Guilherme de Camargo
Published: June 2015

Evaluations of the physical fitness of Thoroughbred racehorses have been correlated with race earnings, but few reports exist about the influence of the distance exercised during training on both physical conditioning indices and financial productivity. During one training season sixteen claiming Thoroughbred horses were subjected to submaximal training and monitored by a global positioning system (GPS) coupled to a heart rate monitor. After initial and single monitoring, the horses were distributed into two groups of eight individuals each; one group exercised short distances (SD) between 1600 and 1900m, while the other exercised long distances (LD) between 2000 and 2350m. The duration (min) and mean and maximal velocities (ms-1)attained during each session were determined, as well as the difference in distances exercised (m) between official races and each training session. Blood lactate concentration ([LA]) during recovery was also determined. Student's t-test was used for a non-paired analysis, with P≤0.05 considered significant. The winnings (USD) of each horse were correlated with the peak heart rate (HRpeak) attained during the training session. The distances exercised in the training sessions were greater in relation to the official races distances by 24.7% and 40% for SD and LD, respectively. Lactatemia did not differ between the groups. The HRpeak obtained during the training session was lower in LD group. The velocity at which the heart rate reached 200 bpm (V200) was higher in LD group. There was a moderate correlation (r= 0.42) between the highest winnings and lowest HRpeak. The horses that ran longer distances during their submaximal training session had better cardiac conditioning and tendency to increase financial productivity
Caracterização de genótipos de soja-hortaliça por análise de componentes principais
Authors: Tobar-Tosse Dora Enith , Castoldi Renata , Candido Willame dos Santos , Ferraudo Antonio Sergio , Charlo Hamilton Cesar de Oliveira , Braz Leila Trevisan
Published: June 2015

O presente estudo teve como objetivo caracterizar genótipos de soja-hortaliça, por meio de características agronômicas, nutricionais e antinutricionais, utilizando-se a Análise de Componentes Principais. O experimento foi conduzido em condições de campo no Setor de Olericultura e Plantas Aromático-Medicinais na UNESP-FCAV. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados com cinco genótipos e quatro repetições. Avaliaram-se as variáveis: número de vagens por planta, número de sementes por vagem, massa fresca das vagens por planta (g), massa fresca de 100 sementes (g), produtividade total estimada de grãos imaturos (kg ha-1), teor de umidade, proteínas, lipídeos, cinzas, carboidratos, isoflavonas e inibidores de tripsina Kunitz. As variáveis que contribuíram na discriminação dos genótipos no primeiro componente principal foram: peso total de vagens por planta, teor de proteínas, número de vagens por planta, peso de 100 sementes e teor de umidade, enquanto que aquelas que contribuíram no segundo componente principal foram: teor de cinzas, proteínas, número de vagens por planta e teor de lipídeos. Os genótipos JLM010, JLM024 e CNPSO1, destacaram-se por serem influenciados pelo peso total de vagens por planta, produtividade estimada, número de vagens por planta, teor de carboidratos, isoflavonas e de proteínas, sendo considerados genótipos de soja-hortaliça com potencial para serem utilizados em programas de melhoramento genético vegetal.
Bromatological and mycotoxin analysis on soybean meal before and after the industrial process of micronization
Authors: Daga Andressa , Horn Marcelina Bottoni , Kottwitz Luciana Bill Mikito , Fariña Luciana Oliveira de
Published: June 2015

Aflatoxins, fumonisins and zearalenone take part of the most studied mycotoxin groups due to their toxic effects on animal and human health. This research evaluated samples of soybeans meal used in animal food industry. A hundred and twenty one soybean meal samples were analyzed, so that 66 were analyzed before the industrial processing of micronization and 55 after it. The bromatological average of samples before micronization showed the following answers: 12.4% moisture; 46.4% protein; 79.5% protein solubility; 5.9% ash content; 2.2% fat; 4.3% fiber and 0.02 (ΔpH) of urease activity. The samples of micronization soybean meal showed 7.0% average values for moisture and 48.6% for crude protein. The mycotoxin levels were low in natura soybean meal; therefore, average values were 0.5μg kg-1, 29.6μg kg-1 and 56.8μg kg-1 for aflatoxin, zearelenone and fumonisin, respectively. After micronization, the average values for the studied samples were 1.3μg kg-1, 67.5μg kg-1 and 89.1μg kg-1, respectively for the same mycotoxins. The results for bromatological and mycotoxin analyses indicate similarity with the established patterns according to the Brazilian Compendium for Animal feed and reference literature. However, at least one of the three studied mycotoxin was detected in all of the analyzed samples and there was greater contamination of soybeans meal after the micronization process.
Socioeconomic and technical assistance factors related to total bacteria count and somatic cell count of milk from bulk tanks in southern Minas Gerais State, Brazil
Authors: Paixão Marcel Gomes , Souza Guilherme Nunes de , Lopes Marcos Aurélio , Costa Geraldo Márcio da , Abreu Luiz Ronaldo de , Pinto Sandra Maria
Published: June 2015

The purpose of this survey was to evaluate the socioeconomic and technical assistance profiles of dairy farmers from six districts in the south of Minas Gerais state, Brazil, and to identify the possible risk factors associated with total milk bacteria count (TBC) above 43,000 CFU mL-1 and bulk milk somatic cell count (BMSCC) above 595,000 cells mL-1. Most of the producers were between 41 and 60 years of age (48.9%), 74.2% did not reach high school, and 72.3% of the respondents were satisfied with their profession, although 63% would not recommend dairy farming to their children. Only 34.7% used periodic technical assistance, but 59.1% consulted it in cases of doubt. The risk factors found in the final multivariable regression models were: TBC (Did not consult technical assistance in case of doubt, OR 3.97, P=0.030; Retirement, OR 9.32, P=0.041) and BMSCC (Producer does not reside on farm, OR 4.06, P=0.046; Presence of technical assistance OR 3.29, P=0.041). It can be concluded that the search for emergency technical assistance, as reported by farmers, was effective against the TBC problems; however, it was ineffective for controlling mastitis in the herd and reducing BMSCC levels. The 10 step mastitis control program from the National Mastitis Council needs to be included on the surveyed farms, especially the permanent advisory technical assistance from veterinarians, aiming towards the establishment of goals for udder health status, reviews and records.
Elaboração e avaliação da qualidade de macarrão isento de glúten
Authors: Tomicki Letícia , Rigo Aline Andressa , Durigon Angelise , Gutkoski Luiz Carlos , Zeni Jamile , Valduga Eunice , Steffens Clarice , Toniazzo Geciane
Published: June 2015

Com a intenção de minimizar a carência de produtos isentos de glúten e tendo em vista o crescente aumento de celíacos, a elaboração de produtos diferenciais a base de farinha de arroz e milho torna-se uma alternativa de consumo e comercialização. Assim, este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar os efeitos da adição de farinha de arroz e milho, e emulsificante nas características de qualidade (teste de cozimento, textura instrumental - firmeza e aceitabilidade) e físico-químicas (proteínas, lipídios, carboidratos, minerais e fibra alimentar) de formulações de macarrão, mediante o emprego de metodologia de planejamento de experimentos, fixando a concentração de ovos in natura (12%, m/m) e água (20%, v/m). A formulação com 40g de farinha de milho, 60g de farinha de arroz e 0,4g de SSL por 100g de farinha mista foi a que apresentou melhor resistência ao cozimento, menores perdas de sólidos na água de cocção (2,12% m/m), textura (30,40g seg-1) e aceitabilidade superior a 85 %. Além disso, o uso de farinha de arroz, associado à farinha de milho, proporciona fonte de minerais (152mg de K, 1,55mg de Fe, 46mg de Mg, 20mg de Ca por 100g), proteínas (~7%), carboidratos (52%) e fibras (~1%), importante suprimento nutricional para celíacos, por estes apresentarem perdas significativas destes nutrientes, devido à diarreia e à absorção restrita, característica da doença.
Tamanho de parcela e número de repetições em ervilha forrageira
Authors: Cargnelutti Filho Alberto , Alves Bruna Mendonça , Burin Cláudia , Kleinpaul Jéssica Andiara , Neu Ismael Mario Márcio , Silveira Daniela Lixinski , Simões Fernanda Martins , Spanholi Ronaldo , Medeiros Letícia Barão
Published: June 2015

Os objetivos deste trabalho foram determinar o tamanho ótimo de parcela e o número de repetições, para avaliar a massa verde de ervilha forrageira (Pisum sativum subsp. arvense (L.) Poir). Foram realizados 27 ensaios de uniformidade de 5m×5m (25m2). Cada ensaio foi dividido em 25 unidades experimentais básicas (UEB) de 1m×1m, totalizando 675UEB. Foi pesada a massa verde das plantas de cada UEB. Nove ensaios (225UEB) foram avaliados aos 92 dias após a semeadura (DAS), nove ensaios (225UEB) foram avaliados aos 98 DAS e os outros nove ensaios (225UEB) aos 106 DAS. O tamanho ótimo de parcela (Xo) foi determinado por meio do método da curvatura máxima do modelo do coeficiente de variação e as comparações de médias, entre as épocas de avaliação, foram feitas pelo teste t de Student. O número de repetições, para experimentos nos delineamentos inteiramente casualizado e blocos ao acaso, em cenários formados pelas combinações de i tratamentos (i=3, 4, ..., 50) e d diferenças mínimas entre médias de tratamentos a serem detectadas como significativas a 5% de probabilidade, pelo teste de Tukey, expressas em percentagem da média do experimento (d=10%, 12%, ..., 30%), foi determinado por processo iterativo até a convergência. O tamanho ótimo de parcela para avaliar a massa verde de ervilha forrageira é de 5,03UEB de 1m2 (5,03m2). Quatro repetições, para avaliar até 50 tratamentos, nos delineamentos inteiramente casualizado e blocos ao acaso, são suficientes para identificar, como significativas a 5% de probabilidade, pelo teste de Tukey, diferenças entre médias de tratamentos de 32,4% da média do experimento.
Acurácia das semeadoras-adubadoras à taxa variável
Authors: Machado Otávio Dias da Costa , Alonço Airton dos Santos , Bellé Mateus Potrich , Franck Cristian Josue
Published: June 2015

As semeadoras-adubadoras à taxa variável (TV) estão presentes em estudos focados em atributos do sistema de produção, fazendo com que o conhecimento desenvolvido acerca da qualidade da dosagem dessas máquinas esteja ainda incipiente. No entanto, os dados disponíveis podem ser utilizados para aprofundar a discussão da acurácia, que é o erro percentual entre a dose planejada e a obtida. Dessa maneira, procedeu-se a uma avaliação a partir da meta-análise de dados das publicações oficiais, qualificando a acurácia da dosagem de sementes em diferentes culturas. Dentre os experimentos disponíveis, apenas em um caso a acurácia manteve-se abaixo do valor máximo recomendado de 3%; com operação estável e sem tendências de distorção da dosagem ao longo das densidades testadas, apresentando ainda 99% de variação explicada e inclinação 0,95. Nos demais referenciais, a qualidade operacional foi degradada por subdosagens crescentes ao longo das doses, com inclinações das lineares que reduziram-se até 0,58 e com acurácias de até 34,75%. Apesar disso, as distribuições mantiveram coeficientes de determinação entre 97 a 99%, indicando possíveis efeitos sistemáticos e proporcionais do algoritmo ou calibração dos equipamentos. Independente da cultura, as semeadoras aumentaram a acurácia com o aumento da dose, apresentando regiões de melhor desempenho operando em menores níveis.
Euastrum and Micrasterias (family Desmidiaceae) in lentic tropical ecosystem, Brazil
Authors: Silva Francielle Karla Lopes da , Felisberto Sirlene Aparecida
Published: June 2015

This study aimed to perform the taxonomic survey of Euastrum and Micrasterias in a lentic tropical environment, seeking to contribute to the knowledge on biodiversity and geographical distribution of the Zygnemaphyceae. Conducted at the Samambaia Reservoir, ten samples were collected in the dry season (24/09/10 and 04/11/10) and ten in the rainy season (06/01/11 and 02/03/11). Periphyton was sampled from stems of aquatic plants (Cyperaceae), which were in the marginal area of the reservoir. With the floristic survey, 22 taxa were identified representing the genus Euastrum (9) and Micrasterias (13), of these 16 are new records for the State of Goiás. In relation the frequency of occurrence and the seasonal period, 19 taxa were classified in the rare category and three in common, nine species were recorded during the dry season, while four only in the rainy season.
Inventory of Chondrichthyes and Actinopterygii species collected in the central coast of São Paulo State, Brazil
Authors: Rocha Maria Luiza Flaquer da , Dias June Ferraz
Published: June 2015

This biodiversity inventory of the central coast of São Paulo State presents species of demersal and pelagic fishes of Santos Bay, Bertioga Channel, and adjacent continental shelf, between São Sebastião and Peruíbe, from the coast till a depth of 100 m. Samples were taken during oceanographic campaigns using otter trawls, between November 2004 and February 2006. A total of 56,095 individuals were collected, belonging to the classes Chondrichthyes (three orders and fourteen species) and Actinopterygii (fifteen orders and 141 species). This list adds 27 species to those explicitly cited for the coast of São Paulo state, contributing to the knowledge of this group.
Evaluation of postoperative pain after endodontic treatment with foraminal enlargement and obturation using two auxiliary chemical protocols
Authors: Bourreau Marcelle Louise Sposito , Soares Adriana de Jesus , Souza-Filho Francisco José de
Published: June 2015

Aim This prospective randomized clinical study examined the influence of two different auxiliary chemical substances on postoperative pain in 301 single-visit endodontic treatments, with enlargement of the apical foramen and extrusion of cement into the periapical region. Material and method The two auxiliary chemicals used were 2% chlorhexidine (2% CHX gel; n = 145) and 5.25% sodium hypochlorite (5.25% NaOCl; n = 156). The incidence of postoperative pain and discomfort was assessed at 24 hours and expressed as percentages. The Fisher exact test and the Chi-square test were used to compare variation in postoperative pain. The variables analyzed were previous pain, pulp status, age, and number of root canals. Result In teeth with previous pain instrumented with 2% CHX gel, the incidence of postoperative pain was 22.22% (6/27) versus 11.11% (3/22) in teeth instrumented with 5.25% NaOCl. In teeth without previous pain instrumented with 2% CHX gel, the incidence of postoperative pain was 8.5% (6/118) versus 2.33% (3/129) in teeth instrumented with 5.25% NaOCl, with no statistically significant difference between the groups. Results showed that previous pain had a significant influence on postoperative status (p < 0.001). After 24 hours postoperatively, 93.7% (282/301) of the teeth had no pain and 6.3% (19/301) had some level of pain, and used one or two doses of medication. Conclusion Based on the results, it can be concluded that the auxiliary chemical substances had no influence on postoperative pain.
OrthoSystem: aplicativo de cálculo da análise da dentadura mista
Authors: Cunha Anderson Farias da , Macedo Ana Gláucia de Oliveira , Pereira Hallissa Simplício Gomes , Cunha Ângela Cristina Pinto de Paiva , Farias Arthur Costa Rodrigues
Published: June 2015

Introdução A análise da dentadura mista é essencial no diagnóstico em Ortodontia, uma vez que estima o tamanho dos dentes permanentes não irrompidos e verifica se o volume dentário estará de acordo com o tamanho da base óssea. Atualmente, existem softwares que realizam análise de modelos em 2D e 3D. Entretanto, esses programas ainda possuem um custo elevado. Objetivo O objetivo deste estudo foi desenvolver um software (OrthoSystem), voltado para alunos de graduação e pós-graduação em Ortodontia, para efetuar a Análise de Modelos de Moyers. Método Para avaliação da acurácia e do tempo despendido, utilizaram-se 60 pares de modelos de estudo que foram submetidos à Análise de Moyers manual e com o software. Para testar a usabilidade do programa, foram aplicados questionários a 72 graduandos de Odontologia da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN). Resultado O programa teve a acurácia validada, apresentando uma concordância perfeita (p=1) e um tempo de 4,20 minutos a menos para aferir a discrepância dos modelos em comparação com o método manual. Além disso, o OrthoSystem foi considerado de excelente usabilidade e melhor que o método convencional pelos alunos. Conclusão Pode-se inferir que o software OrthoSystem realiza o que se propõe a fazer de forma correta e foi considerado um programa de excelente usabilidade pelos graduandos em odontologia da UFRN.
Correlations between supra- and subgingival clinical parameters in smokers and individuals who have never smoked
Authors: Alves Carolina Righi , Berlt Fernanda Abbadie , Mário Ticiane de Góes , Sfreddo Camila Silveira , Maier Juliana , Moreira Carlos Heitor Cunha
Published: June 2015

Introduction Smoking is a risk factor for prevalence, severity and progression of periodontal disease and appears to suppress marginal periodontium inflammatory response. Purpose To correlate Visible Plaque Index (VPI) and Gingival Bleeding Index (GBI) in smokers and never-smokers, as well as GBI and bleeding on probing (BOP ) in these groups. Material and method We used baseline data of one quasi-experimental study in which 11 smokers and 14 subjects who never smoked were submitted to clinical periodontal examinations between September 2010 and October 2011. Result The correlation between VPI and GBI was positive for both groups, it was strong and statistically significant in subjects who had never smoked and moderate in smokers. Regarding GBI and BOP correlations were moderate for smokers and weaker for individuals who had never smoked. Conclusion Smokers have lower strength correlation between VPI and GBI compared to individuals who had never smoked resulting in a less pronounced marginal gingival bleeding.
Utilização dos serviços odontólogicos por pré-escolares em um município de pequeno porte do Estado da Paraíba
Authors: Paredes Suyene de Oliveira , Fernandes José Renato Linhares , Fernandes Jocianelle Maria Félix de Alencar , Menezes Valdenice Aparecida
Published: June 2015

Introdução O atendimento odontológico vem sendo estimulado desde o período pré-natal. Contudo, existem crianças na idade pré-escolar que nunca foram conduzidas a uma consulta odontológica. Objetivo O objetivo desde estudo foi analisar a utilização dos serviços odontológicos por pré-escolares, de um a cinco anos, residentes em Brejo do Cruz-PB, município de pequeno porte pertencente ao sertão paraibano. Material e método Este estudo caracterizou-se por ser do tipo descritivo, transversal, com abordagem quantitativa dos dados. A amostra constou de 82 crianças, matriculadas em uma creche pública municipal, e representadas por seus pais/responsáveis, aos quais se aplicou um formulário semiestruturado. Resultado Observou-se que 76,8% das crianças nunca utilizaram os serviços odontológicos. Do total de crianças que procuraram atendimento, 84,2% foram conduzidas aos serviços públicos de saúde bucal. O principal motivo entre aqueles que levaram suas crianças aos serviços de saúde bucal foi “consulta de rotina”, correspondendo a 62,9% dos casos. A maioria dos entrevistados (62,2%) acredita que as crianças não necessitam de atendimento odontológico. Observou-se, ainda, que 79,3% dos responsáveis pelas crianças, não encontraram nenhuma dificuldade quanto ao acesso aos serviços odontológicos. Com relação à condição financeira, não se identificaram famílias que vivem com mais de três salários mínimos. Conclusão A utilização dos serviços odontológicos por pré-escolares mostra-se deficiente na localidade pesquisada. Porém, constatou-se que não há dificuldades em relação ao acesso aos serviços de saúde bucal para o reduzido percentual de responsáveis que se interessaram em conduzir suas crianças ao consultório odontológico.