bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aprendizaje Basado en Problemas en el Desarrollo de Habilidades de Pensamiento Crítico de los Estudiantes del Séptimo Ciclo de la Carrera de Pedagogía de las Ciencias Experimentales Química y Biología
Authors: Landin Garcia Marilyn Elizabeth , Lima Balcázar Paulina Alexandra , Mena Gallardo Alisson Anahi
Published: May 2024

El objetivo del presente trabajo de investigación es analizar el impacto del Aprendizaje Basado en Problemas (ABP) en el desarrollo de habilidades de pensamiento crítico en estudiantes del séptimo ciclo de la carrera de Pedagogía de las Ciencias Experimentales, específicamente en Química y Biología. Para lograrlo, se empleó una metodología mixta con un diseño de estudio de caso, que incluyó la revisión teórica de los fundamentos del ABP, tipos de aprendizaje, habilidades cognitivas, metodologías activas y pensamiento crítico. La recolección de datos se llevó a cabo a través de encuestas, entrevistas y observaciones, involucrando la participación de 31 estudiantes. Los resultados obtenidos destacan que el ABP promueve el desarrollo de habilidades de pensamiento crítico entre los estudiantes, evidenciado por mejoras significativas en su capacidad para comprender, analizar y sintetizar información, así como en su habilidad para resolver problemas y tomar decisiones efectivas. Se resalta asimismo la importancia del papel del docente en la implementación exitosa del ABP, sugiriendo implicaciones relevantes para la mejora de la calidad de la educación superior y el desarrollo de habilidades esenciales para el futuro de los estudiantes.
Compilación de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud: Mentalidad y Salud Vol. 1 Núm. 9
Authors: Ortega Rolando
Published: May 2024

Este prólogo presenta el Libro de Compilación de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud: Mentalidad y Salud, formado por varios capítulos de investigación.Destaca la colaboración de expertos y profesionales comprometidos con la mejora de la salud. Cada capítulo revela hallazgos y descubrimientos en diferentes áreas, desde medicina clínica hasta salud pública, psicología y nutrición. Refleja la complejidad y multidimensionalidad de las ciencias de la salud. Destaca la interconexión entre los capítulos y su importancia para comprender los desafíos y avances en el campo. El libro aborda estudios, análisis de casos, avances tecnológicos y reflexiones éticas. Destaca la colaboración entre los autores y la sinergia de conocimientos. Es una guía indispensable para explorar el cuidado de la salud y buscar soluciones innovadoras. Es un tributo a la pasión y dedicación de los investigadores y profesionales en el campo de la salud. Invita a explorar los avances y desafíos en constante cambio. Es una herramienta valiosa para mejorar la salud y el bienestar a nivel individual y comunitario. Ofrece una brújula para orientarse hacia una vida más saludable y plena.
Manajemen Produksi Film Pendek The Worthy Worship Tentang Sustainable Development Goals Menggunakan Teknik Stop Motion
Authors: Maharani Ayuning Tyas  , Nawangsih Edynna Putri
Published: May 2024

Film merupakan salah satu media komunikasi massa yang dapat digunakan untuk menyampaikan pesan dalam bentuk audio visual. Animasi merupakan teknik dalam film yang menggabungkan gambar-gambar bergerak atau objek-objek dibuat untuk tampak bergerak. Perpaduan antara cerita, audio dan visual yang menarik dapat mendukung keberhasilan dalam penyampaian pesan. The Worthy Worship merupakan sebuah karya film pendek yang berhasil mendapatkan penghargaan sebagai Juara 2 pada kompetisi video pendek LO Kreatif yang diselenggaraan oleh APTISI wilayah VII Jawa Timur pada tahun 2022. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana manajemen produksi film pendek The Worthy Worship yang menggunakan integrasi teknik stop motion dan teknik fotografi yang unik dan kreatif. Proses pembuatan produk film pendek The Worthy Worship melalui tiga tahap yaitu pra produksi, produksi dan pasca produksi. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah studi kasus dengan pendekatan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa manajemen produksi film The Worthy Worship melalui tiga tahap yaitu pra produksi, produksi dan pasca produksi. Penelitian ini dapat dijadikan referensi dalam manajemen produksi film pendek dengan menggunakan keterampilan teknis fotografi, videografi dan sinemaotigrafi. Integrasi dari teknik stop motion dan fotografi dapat dijadikan alternatif dalam memproduksi film pendek bernuansa animasi dengan peralatan yang sederhana.
Klasifikasi Kebakaran Hutan Dan Lahan Dengan Algoritma You Only Learn One Representation
Authors: Rizki Yoze , Yogi Alfinaldo  , Soni  , Sy Yandiko Saputra , Rahmad Firdaus
Published: May 2024

Kawasan hutan memiliki fungsi sebagai penampung karbon dioksida serta penghasil oksigen yang berasal dari pepohonan dan tumbuh-tumbuhan. Fungsi hutan sangat penting bagi kehidupan maka hutan sangat dilindungi. Salah satu solusi yang dapat dilakukan adalah dengan melakukan tindakan pencegahan yaitu pemantauan titik api pada kawasan hutan dan lahan melalui udara. Penelitian ini dilakukan pengujian dengan menggunakan dataset yang sama dengan algoritma YOLO (You Only Look Once) terhadap algoritma You Only Learn One Representation (YOLOR) dengan model pembagian data train sebanyak 1188 data gambar dan data test sebanyak 75 data gambar dengan hasil mAP sebesar 66.36%. Sehingga dapat di pastikan algoritma YOLOR lebih baik dari pada algoritma YOLO yang mendapat nilai mAP 50.65%.
Determination of the total content of metals, polyphenols, flavonoids and the antioxidant capacity of methanolic and chloroformic extracts from Cichorium intybus
Authors:   Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania, Frent Olimpia Daniela , Marian Eleonora ,   Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania, Morgovan Claudia Mona ,   Chemistry Department, Faculty of Informatics and Sciences, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania, Vicas Laura Gratiela ,   Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania, Antal Dania ,   Doctoral School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania, Jurca Tunde ,   Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania, Pallag Annamaria ,   Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania, Muresan Mariana ,   Department of Preclinical Discipline, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania, Dejeu Ioana Lavinia ,   Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania
Published: May 2024

he study aimed to assess the metal content, total polyphenols, and flavonoids in the plant Cichorium intybus L gathered from Bihor, Romania, and to emphasize the antioxidant activity of its bioactive constituents. The materials and methods involved the extraction of two types of extracts from the Cichorium intybus L plant using the Soxhlet extraction method. The extracts were prepared using two different solvents, namely 50% methanol and chloroform. The purpose of this extraction was to assess and compare the total phenolic and flavonoid content, as well as to determine the antioxidant capacity of the extracts using the DPPH and FRAP methods. The methanolic chicory extract had a higher total content of polyphenolic compounds (57.98 ± 0.60 mg GAE/g dry floss) and flavonoids (5.94 ± 0.08 mg QE/g dry floss) compared to the chloroform extract (55.28 ± 1.11 mg GAE/g dry floss) and (5.54 ± 0.13 mg QE/g dry floss). This indicates that methanol is a more effective solvent for extraction than chloroform. The results of the study indicate that the chloroform chicory extract exhibited a higher percentage of inhibition (74.10 ± 0.22%) compared to the methanolic extract (67.47 ± 0.65%) when tested for antioxidant capacity using the DPPH method. Conversely, the methanol extract from chicory demonstrated a higher antioxidant capacity (856.80 µmol TE/g dry chicory) than the chloroform extract (771 µmol TE/g dry chicory) according to the FRAP method. The Cichorium intybus L plant has the potential to yield phytopharmaceutical compounds that can help maintain or enhance human health.
A. millefolium L. in pharmacy. What should a pharmacist know?
Authors:   Department of Pharmaceutical Botany and Cell Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Ancuceanu Robert , Hovanet Marilena Viorica ,   Department of Pharmaceutical Botany and Cell Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Anghel Adriana-Iuliana ,   Department of Pharmaceutical Botany and Cell Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Dinu Mihaela ,   Department of Pharmaceutical Botany and Cell Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
Published: May 2024

A complex aggregate of about 24 species, A. millefolium L. agg. (Asteraceae) is one of the medicinal plants with a long tradition of use, dating back from ancient times. This paper attempts to answer to three main questions: What are the A. millefolium products available in pharmacy (on the Romanian market) that a patient might be interested in? What are their potential uses (based on clinical evidence and officially recognized traditional use in the European Union) and the relevant posology? What knowledge do we have about the safety of those products?
Peningkatan Pemahaman Masyarakat Mengenai Penyakit Akibat Infeksi di Puskesmas Kota Timur Gorontalo
Authors: Puluhulawa Lisa Efriani , Paneo Mohamad Aprianto
Published: May 2024

Penyakit infeksi merupakan masalah kesehatan global yang memerlukan pemahaman yang baik dari masyarakat untuk pencegahan dan pengendaliannya. Pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pemahaman masyarakat mengenai penyakit infeksi yang dilakukan di Puskesmas Kota Timur Gorontalo. Dengan menggunakan sampel sebanyak 30 responden, hasil pengabdian menunjukkan bahwa mayoritas responden memiliki pemahaman yang baik tentang gejala umum penyakit infeksi dan cara pencegahannya. Namun, masih terdapat kekurangan dalam pemahaman mengenai definisi penyakit infeksi, jenis-jenis organisme penyebab infeksi, dan faktor-faktor penyebab penyebaran infeksi. Untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan masyarakat maka dilakukan pendekatan yang lebih terfokus dalam memberikan edukasi kesehatan kepada masyarakat, terutama di Puskesmas Kota Timur, untuk meningkatkan pemahaman mereka tentang penyakit infeksi dan langkah-langkah pencegahannya. Hasil dari upaya pengabdian yang dilakukan melalui diskusi yang lebih intensif dalam penyuluhan kesehatan memainkan peran penting dalam peningkatan pemahaman masyarakat  terhadap penyakit infeksi.
Fibrous Dysplasia Of Maxilla: A Case Report
Authors: Ayub Kinza , Rizwan Zarnab , Rizwan Ghina , Bibi Haleema , Fazal Mohsin
Published: May 2024

Summary: Fibrous dysplasia is a benign disease of unclear aetiology that is congenital and recurring in nature. It is caused by a problem known as bone modelling, in which the normal bone constantly changes and is replaced by immature fibrous tissue. One or more bones may be impacted by the lesion; the maxilla is the most often afflicted facial bone. Expansile lesions known as fibrous dysplasia lead to issues related to the original location. The most often involved region in the craniofacial bone is the maxilla. In this case report 50 years 50-year-old female patient reported who has maxillary fibrous dysplasia.
Keywords: fibrous dysplasia, congenital, bone.
A Novel Variant Of Regenerating Iα Gene (REG) In Type II Diabetics Among Pakistani Targeted Population
Authors: Saleem Sadaf , Baig Saeeda , Farrukh Sadia , Shafiq Mazhar
Published: May 2024

Objective: Regeneration of pancreatic β-cells, is an essential step towards diabetes management. The regenerating (REG) Iα gene is secreted from damaged β-cell for the synthesis of β-cell. This study aimed to identify REG Iα gene polymorphisms and their association with Type II diabetes (T2DM).
Methods: Patients (110) with T2DM and age-related controls were selected from PNS Shifa Hospital, Karachi. DNA was extracted PCR was performed and amplified products were sequenced to identify polymorphisms. For six exons of the REG 1a gene, 6 sets of primers were designed. The selected (51) samples were amplified and sequenced for 306 (51x6) times. Odds ratios were calculated through logistic regression analysis. The correlation was used to find an association between REG Iα and diseases. p< 0.05 was considered significant.
Results: Blood samples were drawn from 90 finalized patients, including 70 diabetics and 20 controls with an M: F ratio of 12:8. Twenty patients opted to withdraw. The REG Iα and disease duration in type II diabetics showed a negative correlation (r= -0.355, p=0.005). The single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of eight sites were detected: g.-385T>C, g.-243T>G, g.-145G>A, g.+142A, g.+209G>T, g.+226A>G, g.+2199G>A, g.+2360A>G.  The novel SNP g.-145G>A was found in all patients (controls, T2DM). Among all SNPs, only g.+209G>T showed a positive association (OR= 2.4, p=0.01) with T2DM. Whereas, g.-243T>G showed a positive association (OR=8.06, p=0.0003) with smoking.
Conclusion: A novel variant g.-145G>A REG Iα gene was found among all participants. The SNPs g.+209G>T had a significant positive association with T2DM and SNP g.-243T>G showed an increased risk of the disease among smokers.
Keywords: REG Iα gene, Type II diabetes, β-cells regeneration, Polymorphisms.
Assessment Of Awareness Level and Perception In Usage Of Plastic Bags And Its Hazards Among Secondary School Students
Authors: Din Mohi Ud , Arif Zain , Naveed Hafiz Usama , Tauseef Maryam , Yaseen Nouman , Mahboob Talha
Published: May 2024

Objective: The objectives of the study were to determine the frequency of plastic bag usage among secondary school students of Islamabad and to assess their knowledge about plastic bag-associated pollution,  its disposal and legislation.
Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted from December 2020 to December 2021 in high schools in Islamabad. A sample size of 377 was calculated through Raosoftware comprising 53.6% male and 46.4% female students. Ethical approval was taken with the number ERC/ID/47. A consecutive non-probability sampling technique was used. Inclusion criteria were students of the 8th to 10th class and those who gave consent and filled out the questionnaire. A properly structured questionnaire was used. SPSS version 25 was used for data analysis. Frequencies and percentages were calculated. A chi-square test of significance was applied for categorical variables. A p-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: About 97.6 % of the participants considered plastic as a contributory factor to environmental pollution and 67.6% used plastic bags as carrying materials. Awareness about alternatives like clothed bags was observed in about 85.9% of students. Regarding legislation, half of the study population opined that the community is responsible for banning plastic bags while the other half suggested that it’s the responsibility of the Government. Significant p-value was observed between gender (0.036), age (0.000), education (0.000), knowledge about plastic hazards (0.01), health hazards (0.029) and usage of plastic bags.
Conclusion: The usage of plastic bags was high among the students. Although they were well aware of the hazardous effects of plastic bags, most of them were routinely using plastic bags for daily activities. Different factors that were responsible for the higher usage of plastic bags included a lack of alternatives to plastic bags, easy availability, low cost and lightweight.
Keywords: Awareness, plastic bags, legislation, hazards.
Frequency Of Left Ventricular Thrombi In Dilated Cardiomyopathy Patients Presenting In Tertiary Care Hospital Of Punjab
Authors: Tahira Nazir  , Amjad Tehreem , Fayyaz Madiha , Somayya Siddiqa  , Sobia Naveed  , Shahroon Zahid
Published: May 2024

Objective: This study has been carried out to determine the frequency of left ventricular thrombi in dilated cardiomyopathy patients presenting in tertiary care hospitals in Punjab.
Methods: This descriptive case series was carried out at Arif Memorial Teaching Hospital Lahore. This study involved 150 children of both genders aged between 4-12 years diagnosed with dilated cardiomyopathy. These children underwent echocardiographic screening for left ventricular thrombi (mass filling the ventricular cavity and distinct from normal endocardium). The frequency of left ventricular thrombi was noted and compared across various subgroups of children based on age, gender and BMI. Written informed consent was obtained from parents of every child.
Results: The mean age of the children was 8.5±2.4 years. There were 98 (65.3%) boys and 52 (34.7%) girls with a male-to-female ratio of 1.9:1. The mean BMI of these children was 26.9±3.0 Kg/m2 and 29 (19.3%) children were obese. 63 (42.0%) children had left ventricular thrombi. There was no statistically significant difference in the frequency of left ventricular thrombi across various subgroups of children based on age (p-value=0.979), gender (p-value=0.956), and BMI (p-value=0.731).
Conclusion: In the present study, a substantial proportion of children with dilated cardiomyopathy had left ventricular thrombi which due to the associated risk of thromboembolism and CVA warrant routine echocardiographic screening of such children so that timely identification and anticipated management may improve the outcome of children with dilated cardiomyopathy in future pediatric practice.
Keywords: Dilated cardiomyopathy, Left ventricular thrombus, echocardiography
Descriptive Analysis Of Electrolyte Imbalance In Relation To Severity Of Illness In Covid-19 Pediatric Patients Admitted In A Tertiary Care Hospital In Rawalpindi Pakistan
Authors: Asghar Rai Muhammad , Sharif Muddassar , Saheel Khalid , Shabbir Asad , Hussain Abid , Hussain Muhammad
Published: May 2024

Objective
To determine the frequency of electrolyte imbalance in pediatric COVID-19 patients and their impact on the severity of disease and outcome.
Methods:
A retrospective observational study was done from January 2021 to July 2021 on 61 children admitted in Benazir Bhutto Hospital Rawalpindi, a tertiary care teaching hospital affiliated with Rawalpindi Medical University (RMU) Pakistan. The age of the patients ranged from infants to 12 years. All the children who were PCR positive or those whose HRCT was suggestive of COVID-19 were included in the study.
Results:
During the study period of 7 months, 61 confirmed COVID-19 patients were admitted. 37(60.7%) were males and 24 (39.3%) were females. The age of the patients ranged from infants to 12 years with a mean age of 27.25 months. Out of 61 admitted cases, 28 children (45.9%) had moderate & 33(54.1%) patients had severe disease. 46(75%) patients were discharged while 15(25%) patients expired.
A number of electrolyte abnormalities were observed. A total of 30 patients (49.2%) were hyponatremic &13 patients (21.3%) were hypernatremic. Hypokalemia was observed in 34(55.7%) & hyperkalemia was found in 2 patients (3.3%), hypochloremia was observed in 13(21.3%) while hyperchloremia was present in 3(4.9%) patients. Hypocalcemia was found in 9(14.7%) patients.
11(18%) patients with Hyponatremia and 6(9.8%) patients with hypernatremia expired. The potassium abnormalities were also associated with significant mortality.14(22.9%) patients with hypokalemia and 2(3.2%) with hyperkalemia expired. Hypocalcemia was found in 9(4.9%) patients who expired.
Conclusion:
Hypokalemia and hyponatremia were frequent electrolyte disorders in children with COVID-19. These electrolyte abnormalities were associated significantly with severity of disease and a higher risk of death in children with COVID-19
Keywords: COVID-19, Electrolytes, Hypokalemia, Hyperkalemia, Hyponatremia, Hypernatremia, Hypocalcemia
Prevalence Of Skin Manifestations In Patients With Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome
Authors: Naveed Tehseen , Kiyani Asma Afzal , Kausar Sameena , Naheed Aqsa , Khan Dawood , Malik Sakina Sadiq
Published: May 2024

Objective: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of cutaneous manifestations in PCOS patients.
Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the dermatology department, Combined Military Hospital, Peshawar, from 1st January 2021 to 30th June 2021. After obtaining ethical approval from the hospital's ethical and research committee, a total of 50 patients aged 15 to 45 years were included in the study fulfilling the inclusion criteria.  Written informed consent was taken from each patient. All patients underwent general physical, systemic and dermatological examination. Venous blood sampling was done after overnight fasting for hormonal assays (TSH, LH, FSH, prolactin and testosterone), glucose, and lipid levels. An ultrasound scan was done for the detection of ovarian cysts.
Results: Mean age was 26.96 years ± 5.42 SD. The mean BMI was 26.04 Kg/m2 ± 5.10 SD. Mean FSH and LH levels were 6.86 IU/L ± 5.41 SD and 12.11 IU/L ± 8.75 SD respectively. Among them, 88% were married, 36% had menstrual irregularities and 72% had infertility. Hirsutism, acne, acanthosis nigricans, and androgenic alopecia were noted in 72%, 54%, 42%, and 20% of the patients respectively.
Conclusion: Cutaneous manifestations can play an important role in the diagnosis of PCOS and also contribute an important portion of the symptoms experienced by patients suffering from PCOS.
Keywords: PCOS, Skin manifestations, Hyperandrogenism, Hirsutism, Acne.
To Compare Serum Procalcitonin And CRP As Markers Of Neonatal Sepsis
Authors: Ahmad Rafiq , Liaquat Israr , Mumtaz Nadia , Zulfiqar Sughra , Muntaha Sidra tul , Rafique Nazia
Published: May 2024

Objective: This study compares serum Procalcitonin (PCT) levels with CRP as predictive markers for neonatal sepsis.
Method: It was a Quasi-experimental study performed in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of Holy Family Hospital, Rawalpindi, for six months from July 2021 to January 2022 after the approval of the ethical board. The study included neonates admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit of Holy Family Hospital with a diagnosis of neonatal sepsis. Parents are permitted via written informed consent. A predesigned proforma was used to record clinical examinations, histories, and outcomes, which included hospital stay duration, complications, neonatal discharge, or mortality.
Results: Seventy neonates meeting the study's inclusion criteria were enrolled. The average age in the study was 6.44 ± 5.24 days, with 40 (57.1%) males and 30 (42.9%) females. The CRP test demonstrated a sensitivity of 85.42%, specificity of 81.82%, positive predictive value (PPV) of 91.11%, negative predictive value (NPV) of 72.00%, and diagnostic accuracy of 84.29% in predicting neonatal sepsis. The PCT test displayed sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and diagnostic accuracy of 87.76%, 90.48%, 95.56%, 76.00%, and 88.57%, respectively.
Conclusion: This study underscores Procalcitonin as a superior and early predictor compared to CRP in forecasting neonatal sepsis. Procalcitonin emerges as a particular marker for bacterial infections when contrasted with other inflammation indicators such as CRP, white blood cells, or lactate. Notably, Procalcitonin levels remain unaffected in viral or atypical bacterial infections.
Keywords: Serum, Predictor, Neonatal, Sepsis.
Comparison Of Frontalis Sling With Or Without Tarsal Fixation Sutures For Severe Ptosis With Poor Levator Function
Authors: Rafique Asima , Shaheer Muhammad , Rasheed Ummara
Published: May 2024

Objective: To compare the outcomes of frontalis sling with tarsal fixation or without tarsal fixation suture in patients of severe ptosis with poor levator function.
Methods: This QUASI-experimental study was conducted at the College of Ophthalmology & Allied Vision Sciences/King Edward Medical Study after obtaining ethical approval vide no 2162/22.  Ten Patients above 10 years of age and having levator muscle function of less than 4mm were selected by probability consecutive sampling. Those patients who were diagnosed with Blepharophimosis, Marcus Gun phenomenon, CN III palsy and other lid or facial deformities were excluded. Patients were equally divided into two groups A and B. Group A patients underwent fascia lata sling with tarsal fixation while Group B patients underwent simple fascia lata sling without tarsal fixation. Postoperatively (1 week) surgical success including marginal reflex distance (MRD) and complications including slippage of the sling, exposure keratopathy, recurrence and lid margin deformity were evaluated. Paired t-test and Independent sample t-test were applied to check for statistical significance. 
Results: Eight out of ten patients had bilateral ptosis with poor levator muscle function while the other two patients had unilateral ptosis. Changes in the marginal reflex distance and palpebral fissure height after surgery were statistically significant. Both marginal reflex distance and palpebral fissure height were statistically better in group A as compared to group B (0.001 & 0.003) respectively.
Conclusion: Cosmetic results are better when a fascia lata sling is done with tarsal fixation sutures.
Keywords: Ptosis, Fascia lata, Patients
Frequency Of Hematological Abnormalities in Children (Age 1 Month To 12 Years) Presenting With Sars-Cov-2 Infection At Shifa International Hospital
Authors: Muntaha Sidra Tul , Ayaz Hammad , Mahmood Huma , Kulsoom Afifa , Tayyab Muhammad , Farooq Arslan
Published: May 2024

Objective: To determine the frequency of haematological abnormalities in pediatric patients presenting with COVID-19 infection.
Methods: A Cross-Sectional analytical study was conducted at the paediatric department of Shifa International Hospital Islamabad, over a period of six months from December 2021 to June 2022. A total of 325 pediatric patients of 1 month to 12 years of age who presented with symptoms of COVID-19 having positive reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction results were included in this study. Effect modifiers such as age and gender were controlled through stratification. Post-stratification Chi-square test was applied to determine the association of these effect modifiers with haematological abnormalities. A p-value equal to or less than 0.05 was considered significant. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 24.0.   
Results: The mean age of patients included in this study was 5.62±2.70 years. The majority were males with a male to female were 187(57.54%) and 138 (42.46%) respectively. Low WBC count was found in 58 (17.8%), leukocytosis in 20 (6.2%), thrombocytopenia in 43(13.2%), thrombocytosis in 06(1.8%), neutropenia in 69 (21.2%), lymphopenia in 17 (5.2%), lymphocytosis in 59 (18.2%), monocytopenia in 10 (3.1%), deranged fibrinogen levels in 07 (2.2%), deranged D-Dimers in 154 (47.4%) and deranged INR in 166 (51.1%) patients.
Conclusion: Hematological abnormalities are common in children presenting with COVID-19 infection. Deranged INR, D-Dimers, low WBC count, thrombocytopenia and neutropenia were commonly found in haematological abnormalities in children with COVID-19 infection.
Keywords: COVID-19, Hematological abnormalities, Neutropenia, SARS-COV-2 infection.
Comparison Of Knowledge and Attitude Towards Chat GPT In First and Final-Year Dental Students
Authors: Naureen Sadia , Kiani Huma Ghazanfar , Naureen Nadia , Shafique Mahnoor
Published: May 2024

Objective: This study aimed to examine the knowledge and attitude towards Chat-GPT among first and final-year dental students.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional comparative study conducted at the Rawal Institute of Health Sciences RIHS Islamabad. The duration of the study was 3 months after approval by the Ethical Committee from June 2023 to August 2023. An electronic questionnaire was designed to assess the knowledge and attitude of first-year (G1) and final-year (G2) dental students studying at RIHS. The respondents had to agree or disagree with each statement of the questionnaire. The frequency and percentage for each response were calculated. All the items of the knowledge and attitude questionnaire were assessed for the difference in response between G1 and G2 groups with the help of the Chi-square test.
Results: The knowledge assessment section showed that both first-year and final-year student groups (G1, G2) had inadequate knowledge and discouraging attitudes toward Chat-GPT. 90.6% and 86.7% of G1 and G2 students knew about what Chat-GPT is and this was the only response that showed good knowledge in both groups. 71.1% of first-year students agreed to use Chat- GPT in education as compared to 60% of final-year students. The response of any group could not exceed 70% for any of the attitude questions. The difference in knowledge and attitude response was statistically insignificant between the G1 and G2 groups showing no relationship between the responses of the two groups.
Conclusion: These results highlight that there is a strong need to improve knowledge and a positive attitude towards the use of AI tools like Chat-GPT in dental students.
Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, Chat-GPT, Dental education, Dental students, Knowledge, Attitude.
Perceived Sources of Stress Among The Students Of a Medical College Of Southern Punjab
Authors: Jan Hassan , Dogar Fahd Mehtab Ud Din , Khan Hafiz Ahmed Zeb , Abideen Malik Zain Ul , Shaukat Malik Saleem , Malik Aeeza
Published: May 2024

Objective: To assess the frequency of perceived sources of stress among undergraduate dental students.
Methodology: The cross-sectional study was carried out at a superior college, Multan. Sample size 125 was calculated with 80% power of test and 5% level of significance with 91% high level of stress. The collection of data was based on two components: a list of 14 items, a perceived stress scale, and demographic information and academics. Data was entered and analyzed in SPS V25.0.
Results: A total of 125 students were included. The mean age was 21.25 ± 1.25.  There were 61(48.8%) male and 64(51.2%) female. The response rate in this study was 83% (125/150). The mean PSS score was 30.88+13.2 with a median of 29.0 (IQR 22-39).  The Mean PSS score for female students was 31.3+9.49 while the male students 30.3+16.34. The mean PSS score of less than 80% of the last exam marks for students was 32.9+10.9 and >80% of exam marks were 27.8+15.6.  Only year of study, last exam marks for students and siblings were significant (p < 0.05) with PSS score; and the females reported significant levels of perceived stress than their male counterparts. Frequency of examinations, performance in practicals, disappointment with the lectures in class, lengthy academic curriculum, worries about the future & periodic examinations performance were rated as severe
Conclusion: The conclusion of the study, was that students reported higher levels of stress. Demographic factors play an essential role in medical student’s stress. PSS stress scale was highly associated with demographic factors like Age, gender low exam marks and siblings can cause high stress levels among students.
Keywords: Perceived stress, Students, Sources of stress, Score.
Prevalence Of Rifampicin Resistance in New Cases Of Pulmonary Tuberculosis In Children
Authors: Saleem Sonia , Shaheen Aneela , Naeem Muhammad , Sahi Shahid Mehmood , Rubab Sara , Huda Bint-Ul-
Published: May 2024

Objective: The research aims to determine the prevalence of rifampicin resistance in newly diagnosed pediatric pulmonary tuberculosis cases, investigating the frequency of resistance to this first-line antibiotic. By doing so, it seeks to provide insights into rifampicin's effectiveness as a treatment and contribute to understanding drug-resistant tuberculosis in children.
Methods: The investigation employed a cross-sectional design to evaluate the presence of rifampicin resistance in newly diagnosed pediatric pulmonary tuberculosis cases. Executed in Lahore, Pakistan, it adopted a convenience sampling strategy with a sample size of 100. The research entailed screening children displaying symptoms of TB, acquiring written consent, and gathering demographic and clinical data, encompassing bacterial load and evidence of antibiotics. Sputum samples were processed employing the Xpert MTB/RIF assay. Statistical analyses, encompassing descriptive statistics and prevalence calculations, were executed utilizing the SPSS software. The investigation underscored the significance of resilient diagnostics, early identification, and tailored interventions for the management of drug-resistant TB in children.
Results: The study provides valuable insights into rifampicin resistance among children with pulmonary tuberculosis. These findings highlight the importance of regular monitoring and appropriate treatment strategies to combat drug-resistant tuberculosis in pediatric populations. Further research and interventions are warranted to minimize the emergence and spread of drug-resistant strains in this vulnerable population.
Conclusion: The study highlights the need for continuous monitoring of drug resistance patterns in children with tuberculosis, particularly concerning rifampicin, a crucial first-line antibiotic. The higher resistance rate suggests exploring alternative treatment options, optimising drug regimens, and developing interventions to prevent and manage drug-resistant tuberculosis effectively in children.
Keywords: Antibiotics, Disease, Paeds, Resistance, Susceptibility, Tuberculosis.
A Summarized Review of Formulation, in Vitro Evaluation of Sunscreen
Authors: Sarbjot Singh , Rajneesh Kaur , Brij Bhushan , Savita Verma , Samriti Kumari
Published: May 2024

The efficacy and safety of sunscreens are diminished when their agents permeate the skin, resulting in systemic circulation and unidentified negative effects. The filters in sunscreens muster main on the skin's surface with minimal penetration through the dermis in order to preserve their safety and efficacy. Sunscreen should always be worn, even in the event that filters manage get through. Damage like as erythema, the production of free radicals, aging of the skin, and skin cancer brought on by UV radiation. Research is being done to limit skin penetration, assess sun protection factor (SPF), and improve formulation properties and stability in order to target potential negative effects caused by topical absorption of sunscreens. In vitro or in vivo investigations are used in current assays to determine sunscreen penetration since they mimic the physiological conditions of use. This review objectives are to reexamine data on sunscreen skin penetration over the last ten years and identify variables that may increase skin penetration or boost sunscreen efficacy. Sunburn is caused by ultraviolet B radiation, but ultraviolet A may be more damaging to the skin. Sunscreens should ideally block both wavebands. A sunscreen sun protection factor is mostly determined by how well it blocks ultraviolet B. The efficiency of preventing ultraviolet A is not measured. Sunscreens may be organic or inorganic chemicals. If metal oxide sunscreens are made into nanoparticles, their cosmetic acceptance might increase. It doesn’t seem that absorbing organic sunscreens and nanoparticles has any appreciable systemic effects. Frequent use of sunscreen prevents melanoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and actinic keratosis from developing.
First record of the bluntnose sixgill shark Hexanchus griseus (Bonnaterre, 1788) in the Guatemalan Caribbean Sea
Authors: Sánchez-Jiménez Julio , Santana-Morales Omar , Ayala-Donado Josué , De los Rosales-Melgar María , Areano-Barillas Elisa M. , González-Jaramillo Mónica , Pérez-Jiménez Juan Carlos
Published: May 2024

The Guatemalan Caribbean has a deepwater fishing area close to the shore around the Cayman Trench. This study reports the first record of the bluntnose sixgill shark (Hexanchus griseus) from this fishing area. Fishery-independent surveys using longlines at ~430-465 m depth, ~11 km northeast of El Quetzalito fishing village, were conducted in 2022 and 2023. Two bluntnose sixgill sharks were captured during these surveys. The sharks were females with total lengths of 300 and 310 cm, with morphological characteristics consistent with this species. These are the first confirmed records of bluntnose sixgill sharks in the western Caribbean Sea. Expanding coastal fisheries to deeper waters presents an emerging threat to deep-sea chondrichthyans in the region. Therefore, periodic fisheries monitoring is needed to estimate their vulnerability to fishing pressure.
Southernmost record of Coryphaena hippurus Linnaeus, 1758 (Coryphaenidae) in the southwest Atlantic Ocean, off Mar del Plata, Argentina
Authors: Figueroa Daniel E. , Milessi Andrés C. , De Wysiecki Agustin M.
Published: May 2024

This paper reports the presence of the common dolphinfish, Coryphaena hippurus, in Argentinian waters for the first time, with a specimen collected by experienced sport fishermen near Mar del Plata (38°S). This finding also represents the first record of a species from the Coryphaenidae family in Argentinian waters. The collection of these specimens coincided with sightings of other rarely-seen pelagic and oceanic fish species during the same period, providing further evidence supporting the influx of subtropical fish species from warmer Brazilian waters. These observations highlight the need for continued monitoring of fish populations and their distribution and the ecological dynamics within the region.
Anthropogenic disturbance produces divergent effects in the community structure and composition of tropical semi-evergreen forests in the Eastern Himalaya
Authors: Nautiyal Dinesh C. , Manish Kumar
Published: May 2024

Studies documenting anthropogenic disturbance-driven changes in forest communities of the Eastern Himalaya, a global biodiversity hot spot, are largely lacking. We studied six forest sites of tropical semi-evergreen forests in Arunachal Pradesh in the Eastern Himalaya to understand the effects of varying disturbance intensities on the forest community structure and composition. Based on the magnitude of disturbance, forest sites were classified as experiencing low, moderate and high disturbance. Mean species richness (SR) of trees and shrubs decreased from low disturbance to high disturbance. Mean SR of herbs was maximum in moderately disturbed forest sites. Maximum values of the Shannon-Wiener Diversity Index (SD) were recorded for trees at sites with low disturbance, for shrubs at sites with high disturbance and for herbs in moderately disturbed forests. Pilelou Evenness Index (EI) values were maximum for trees at sites with high disturbance, while maximum EI values for shrubs and herbs were recorded in the forest sites with low disturbance. The number of tree families decreased from 18 to 13 in the forests with low and high disturbance, respectively. Moderate disturbance led to increased herb species richness and diversity, while increasing disturbance produced contrasting effects on trees. High anthropogenic disturbance led to low species richness, but high diversity amongst shrubs. Our investigations suggest that the magnitude of disturbance elicits differential responses in different physiognomic classes in the forest ecosystems and further our understanding of the effects of disturbance in tropical forest ecosystems of a global biodiversity hotspot.
Materials inventory optimization using various forecasting techniques and purchasing quantity in packaging industry
Authors: Dinata Melissa Christian , Suharjito Suharjito
Published: May 2024

Purpose: This paper studies the problem that occurs on material purchase quantity in price uncertainty situation. Larger buying quantity when the price at high will increase the purchase amount while smaller buying quantity could risk the inventory level. The decision on the purchase quantity of a cycle takes future price as input from price prediction output.Design/methodology/approach: This paper examines five price prediction models, Classification and Regression Tree (CART), Random Forest Regressor (RFR), Support Vector Regressor (SVR), Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (SARIMA) and Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) to predict four Petrochemical products, Linear Low Density Polyethylene (LLDPE), Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE), Biaxially Oriented Polypropylene (BOPP) and Cast Polypropylene (CPP) using dataset built from weekly datapoints from January 2020 to June 2023. The most performing model is validated with data from July 2023 to September 2023 where the prediction result is fed into Linear Programming Simplex method to minimize the amount of purchase by making advanced or postpone orders.Findings: Result that RFR performs higher at most products tested, while SVR performs higher in LDPE product. The fitting of RFR and SVR models prediction, as predicted price to Linear Programming that decides optimum purchase quantity, delivers a total 2.2% of purchase amount reduction compared to original purchase quantity reflecting base scenario issued by the planner.Research limitations/implications: This study does not include additional prediction factors such as freight cost and the hyperparameters tuning studies on the existing factors.Originality/value: The novelty of this paper is prediction value is followed up by an optimization model that would guide the Procurement team decisions for future anticipation because imported raw materials should be purchased ahead of time. This research will provide a scientific approach input that would counterbalance or strengthen decision making that is typically made by individuals owning years of experience. This combined approach is rarely researched and has not been done to polymer products.
The inhomogeneous complex partial differential equations for bi-polyanalytic functions
Authors: Cui Yanyan , Wang Chaojun
Published: May 2024

In this paper, we study a Riemann-Hilbert problem related to inhomogeneous complex partial differential operators of higher order on the unit disk. Applying the Cauchy-Pompeiu formula, we find out the solvable conditions and obtain the representation of the solutions. Then, we investigate the boundary value problems for bi-polyanalytic functions with the Dirichlet and Riemann-Hilbert boundary conditions, obtain the specific solution and the solvable conditions, and extend the conclusion to the corresponding higher-order problems. Therefore, we obtain the solution to the half-Neumann problem of higher order for bi-polyanalytic functions.
The inverse of tails of Riemann zeta function, Hurwitz zeta function and Dirichlet L-function
Authors: Pan Zhenjiang , Wu Zhengang
Published: May 2024

In this paper, we derive the asymptotic formulas $ B^*_{r, s, t}(n) $ such that

   \begin{document}$ \mathop{\lim} \limits_{n \rightarrow \infty} \left\{ \left( \sum\limits^{\infty}_{k = n} \frac{1}{k^r(k+t)^s} \right)^{-1} - B^*_{r,s,t}(n) \right\} = 0, $\end{document}

where $ Re(r+s) > 1 $ and $ t \in \mathbb{C} $. It is evident that the asymptotic formulas for the inverses of the tails of both the Riemann zeta function and the Hurwitz zeta function on the half-plane $ Re(s) > 1 $ are its corollaries. Subsequently we provide the asymptotic formulas for the Riemann zeta function and the Hurwitz zeta function on the half-plane $ Re(s) < 0 $. Finally, we study the asymptotic formulas of the inverse of the tails of the Dirichlet L-function for $ Re(s) > 1 $ and $ Re(s) < 0 $.
À Bruxelles, une propriété locative morcelée essentiellement au sein des classes intermédiaires et supérieures
Authors: Périlleux Hugo
Published: May 2024

Cet article analyse à partir de données cadastrales le profil des propriétaires qui mettent un ou plusieurs logements en location à Bruxelles. À rebours de certaines préconceptions à propos de la financiarisation du logement, il apparaît que la plupart des logements loués sont possédés par des individus, plutôt aisés, possédant un patrimoine de petite ou moyenne envergure constituant néanmoins une minorité des ménages bruxellois. Par ailleurs, une part importante des logements sont possédés par des ménages qui habitent en dehors de la Région. Enfin, on observe une relation entre la division sociale de l’espace et la structure de la propriété : davantage de propriétaires à proximité dans les quartiers populaires centraux, une surreprésentation des grands propriétaires et des entreprises dans le centre et à proximité des axes de prestige et plus de propriétaires habitant en dehors de la Région dans les quartiers aisés de seconde couronne.
“Women STEM Leaders” Can Reform, Reinforce, and Rekindle Climate Action
Authors: Baby Saji
Published: May 2024

Global warming has an impact on human beings in varying degrees across regions, generations, ages, classes, income groups, and gender. As per UN, half of the world's population is women and girls, yet they are often left out of the conversation when it comes to climate change. Women often face higher risks and greater burdens from the climate change impacts stemming from inadequate policies and strategies for progress. The pursuit of sustainable development cannot be effectively undertaken without the full and equal participation of women at all levels of decision-making and policy development. Moreover, women often prioritize social issues, including education, health, social justice, peace, and security, which are key elements for holistic sustainable development. Bringing more women into STEM education and engaging them into leadership roles is ‘vital' for achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and reducing carbon footprint. The future of environmentally sustainable development and combating greenhouse gases relies on propelling, empowering, increasing, and encouraging more women into “STEM Education” and “STEM Leadership” roles. Research across the world suggests that female leaders are more likely to support sustainability and climate action. Women are more vulnerable and often face higher risks and greater burdens from the impacts of climate change around the world. STEM women will be more scientifically equipped with knowledge in understanding the environmental sustainability process and accomplishing green development. The chapter discusses and explores the importance of educating more women about STEM, bringing them to leadership, and their roles and accomplishments in environmental sustainability.
Disproportionate Representation of Minorities in Schools
Authors: Castaño F. Javier García , Madrid Marta Zornoa , Parra Lucía Lerma , Pulido Carla Alba
Published: May 2024

Deno reflected on what special education should be. His reflections were related to Dunn's complaints regarding the disproportionate representation of minority ethnic low-income populations identified in special education schools in the US. Over the years, studies have gathered evidence to answer questions regarding the causes of such disproportions. However, it is important to establish what the characteristics of the studies were. The case in question focuses on Spain, where official school enrolment data do not segregate information by ethnic minorities. School enrolment classifications by nationality will be used as a descriptor. The proportion of the foreign population in the school system in Spain will be studied and compared with the same proportion in the European Union. Finally, the scientific evidence constructed with the information produced will be framed as a means by which to show how schools manage diversity through the construction of difference.