bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SÍNTESIS Y CARACTERIZACIÓN DE NUEVOS COPOLÍMEROS DE INJERTO TERMOSENSIBLES A PARTIR DE N-ISOPROPILACRILAMIDA Y MACROMONÓMEROS DE 2-METIL-2-OXAZOLINA
Authors: Rueda Juan Carlos , Paola Palacios Ana María
Published: January 2022

Fueron sintetizados nuevos copolímeros injertados a partir de la polimerización por radicales libres de N-isopropilacrilamida (NIPAAm) y macromonómeros de 2-metil-2-oxazolina (MM) iniciada por el 2,2´-azobisisobutironitrilo en dimetilformamida. Los macromonómeros, de grados de polimerización 31 y 62, fueron sintetizados mediante la polimerización catiónica por apertura de anillo de 2-metil-2-oxazolina iniciada por el clorometilestireno en presencia de ioduro de sodio. Los macromonómeros y copolímeros injertados fueron caracterizados por espectrometría de resonancia magnética nuclear de protones (1H-RMN) y la temperatura de transición conformacional fue determinada mediante mediciones turbidimétricas yespectroscopía 1H-RMN.La razón molar NIPAAm/MM en el copolímero, determinada por 1H-RMN, fue mayor que en la alimentación al reactor debido a la mayor reactividad del NIPAAm por su mayor difusividad en el medio reaccionante debido a su menor peso molecular. La temperatura de transición conformacional (LCST) de los copolímeros injertados estuvo en el rango de 33 a 38 °C y la intensidad de la misma fue función de la razón molar de NIPAAm/ macromonómero dentro del copolímero injertado. Se incrementó el valor de la LCST, y al mismo tiempo disminuyó su intensidad, al disminuir la razón molar NIPAAm/MM en el copolímero. La LCST también disminuyó aún más en intensidad al aumentar el grado de polimerización del macromonómero. A partir de la temperatura LCST, los copolímeros injertados con un relativamente alto contenido de MM podrían formar micelas o agregados moleculares tipo “core-shell” en solución acuosa, que estarían formados por un núcleo con segmentos colapsados de poliNIPAAm y una corona formada de cadenas hidrofílicas de polimetiloxazolina, las cuales impiden parcialmente un colapso intermolecular de estos agregados.
Estudio de la variación de la composición química del aceite esencial de las partes aéreas de Nasa ranunculifolia (Kunth)
Authors: Collantes Díaz Ingrit Elida , Pantoja Sánchez Arnold Jesús , Acha de la Cruz Otilia
Published: January 2022

El presente estudio tiene como objetivo investigar la influencia de la variación estacional sobre la composición química del aceite esencial de las partes aéreas de Nasa ranunculifolia, una planta efímera colectada en La Libertad (LLacuabamba) a una altura de 4052 msnm. Fueron identificados 36 compuestos de los cuales E-β-ionona, 2-Pentadecanona, fitol, n-octadecanol y los alcanos, n-tricosano, n-pentacosano, heptacosano y nonacosano son los que se mantienen presentes los cinco meses de colecta.
The Pinnacle in the Activity of the Extraordinary Diplomatic Mission of the Ukrainian People’s Republic in Romania (1921)
Authors: Rendiuk Teofil
Published: January 2022

The article deals with the peculiarities in the activity of the Extraordinary Diplomatic Mission of the Ukrainian People’s Republic (EDM of the UPR) in Romania during 1921, when the whole territory of Ukraine was occupied by Bolshevik troops. In those circumstances, the State Centre of the Ukrainian People’s Republic in exile considered Romania as its important military and political partner in the struggle for Ukraine’s independence. For its part, the then Romanian leadership was deeply interested in the existence of independent Ukraine, primarily as a military and political buffer between Romania and expansionist Soviet Russia.
The author emphasises the existence at the beginning of and during 1921 of sufficiently favourable political conditions for the activities of the EDM of the UPR in Romania. During 1921, the head of the mission and seasoned diplomat, K. Matsievych, held two important meetings with King Ferdinand I of Romania, had numerous working contacts with the heads of Romanian governments, ministers of foreign affairs, ministers of war, as well as authorised members of parliament and politicians with whom he discussed the cooperation of the Directory of the Ukrainian People’s Republic with Romania, zealously defending the Ukrainian cause.
The EDM of the UPR in Bucharest and its consular offices in Iași, Chișinău, and Chernivtsi paid special attention to working with thousands of Ukrainian militaries as well as political and civilian emigrants throughout Romania, uniting the patriotic part of emigration and using its potential to liberate Ukraine. In this context, it is noted that during 1921 a military section was active in the EDM of the UPR in Bucharest, which from June of that year was headed by an experienced Ukrainian general, S. Delvih.
The study reveals the details of the formation in the summer of 1921 in Romania, with the assistance of the country’s authorities, of the Bessarabian (Southern) guerrilla group as part of the UPR Insurgent Army with headquarters in Chișinău to participate in the Second Winter Campaign (October–November 1921), aimed at liberating southwestern Ukraine from the Bolshevik occupation.
Keywords: Extraordinary Diplomatic Mission, Ukrainian People’s Republic, Directory, Kingdom of Romania, UPR Army, interned soldiers, guerrilla insurgent groups, Second Winter Campaign.
The Fulfillment of Nationwide Interests of Post-War Germany in the Dimension of ‘Chancellor Democracy’
Authors: Kudriachenko Andrii
Published: January 2022

Abstract. Summing up the modern course of events regarding political leadership in Germany and on the basis of activities of eight chancellors, the author contends the following: The decisive factor in ascension to the political Olympus is the affiliation with either of the two parties, the SPD or the CDU/CSU union, with the nominee’s leadership qualities and political acumen playing an essential role. Even if these conditions are met, the contender’s choice of situation and time where these qualities would be sought after is quite important. It was the political developments of a certain historical era that became an imperative for some politicians to take the reins of power and use them to the full extent. Indeed, at turning points in the history of the Federal Republic, the most crucial decisions were prepared at the German Chancellery and made unilaterally by the chancellor. The author of the article emphasises that chance cannot be ruled out. To become a successful leader in Germany, the much-needed person must be in the right place at the right time. Proof of that is the example of German federal chancellors.
The political landscape, democratic footing, and well-structured state and political set-up have enabled only two political parties, the CDU/CSU and the SPD, to nominate from their ranks those who could become national leaders of their historical epoch. The basis of ‘chancellor democracy’ as a system of state and political power has never impeded but enabled such ascension for outstanding personalities. Quite a few of them have become some sort of fathers of the nation. Able leadership that has benefited national interests and fitted into the plane of German development prospects has defined the personal success of both political figures and public officials of national scope.
Keywords: Federal Republic of Germany, federal chancellor, political landscape, SPD, CDU/CSU.
La Evolución de las TIC
Authors: Suarez Chirinos Gerardo
Published: January 2022

De esto podemos denotar cómo ha evolucionado el uso de   la educación en las TIC en donde pensábamos que no iba a ser menos  y  que  a su vez se puede ir incentivando y actualmente se puede observar como los  profesionales  en este ámbito utilizan estas nuevas TIC en el desarrollo cotidiano de  Labor como docentes con muy buenos resultados.  En la Conferencia Internacional de Educación celebrada en Ginebra en 2001 denominada “La educación para todos para aprender a vivir juntos” ya se hacía referencia a la importancia que iban a tener estas nuevas TIC en el ámbito educativo acorde a los cambios que están experimentando nuestras sociedades modernas.  Se observa un notable interés en la comunidad educativa en el uso docente de estas TIC.
La Gestión y las herramientas gestión en la educación
Authors: Mujica-Sequera Ruth M.
Published: January 2022

Para que un docente, pueda encontrar la manera de hacer mejor su trabajo. Debe buscar nuevas estrategias de enseñanza con estudiantes que llegan a su aula con necesidades básicas insatisfechas; para aprovechar cada recurso para motivar a sus estudiantes a seguir aprendiendo; convertir cada dificultad en un nuevo desafío para buscar nuevas soluciones, para descubrir un nuevo proyecto que les ayude a seguir desarrollándose profesionalmente.
La apropiada orientación educativa
Authors: Mujica-Sequera Ruth M.
Published: January 2022

Dentro de la búsqueda de estrategias no se trata simplemente de incorporar tecnología en el ámbito educativo. Se requiere una correcta orientación de los roles jugados por cada uno de los elementos involucrados en el proceso educativo. Reconociendo la importancia de una apropiada orientación educativa se considera necesario hacer un breve repaso de los aspectos pedagógicos básicos. Esto permite indicar con mayor precisión cuales son los ajustes que se han hecho para enfrentarse positivamente con la realidad tecnológica imperante.
¿Cómo organizar una Aula Invertida?
Authors: Mujica-Sequera Ruth M.
Published: January 2022

En el Aula Invertida se produce un cambio de rol en el aula con respecto a la clase tradicional, tanto en el docente como en el estudiante. El Educando tiene un rol mucho activo que, en el modelo tradicional, ya que no solo tiene que escuchar al educador dando alguna explicación, sino que tendrá que regular su propio ritmo de aprendizaje.
Örgütsel Adaletin Örgütsel Sessizlik ve Örgüte Olan Bağlılığa Etkisi Üzerine Bir Araştırma
Authors: OĞUZHAN Yavuz Sezer , DOĞAN Selen
Published: January 2022

Değişen ve gelişen dünya ortamında, küreselleşme kaçınılmaz hale gelmiştir. Bu değişimle beraber örgütler de sürdürülebilir rekabet üstünlüğü sağlayabilmek için işleyişlerinde ve süreçlerinde ciddi revizyonlara başvurmaktadırlar. Örgütler amaç ve hedeflerine ulaşmak istedikleri için, çalışanlarının olumsuz bir tavır içerisine girmesini ve işe bağlılıklarının zayıf olmasını bir tehdit olarak görmektedirler. Bu bağlamda, çalışma ortamlarının iyileştirilmesi, örgütlerin görevlerindendir. Örgüt içerisinde sağlanacak adalet sistemi, çalışanların bağlılıklarının sağlanmasına imkan sağlayabilecek ve yine çalışanların geliştirdikleri olumsuz tavırlardan biri olan sessizlik reaksiyonu sergilemelerine engel olabilecektir. Bu çalışmada, örgütsel adaletin örgütsel sessizlik ve bağlılık üzerindeki etkisini ortaya koymak amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada öncelikle, örgütsel adalet, örgütsel sessizlik ve örgütsel bağlılık kavramları boyutlarıyla birlikte ele alınıp açıklanmaya çalışılmıştır. Bu doğrultuda, Kayseri’de faaliyet gösteren makine üretimi fabrikasındaki çalışanlar üzerinde ankete dayalı bir araştırma yapılmıştır. Bu makalede ilk adım olarak örgütsel adalet, örgütsel sessizlik ve örgütsel bağlılık değişkenlerinin kavramsal incelemesine yer verilmiştir. Ardından anket maddelerini yanıtlayan çalışanların demografik bilgileri hakkında bilgi verilmiş ve söz konusu kişiler hakkında betimsel istatistik bilgileri yer almıştır. Araştırmaya tabi tutulan yanıtlayıcıların ise cinsiyeti, medeni durumu, yaşı, öğrenim düzeyi ve çalışma süresi demografik değişkenler şeklinde belirlenmiştir. Değişkenler arasındaki ilişkiyi sınamak maksadıyla gerçekleştirilen korelasyon analizinden sonra değişkenler arasındaki etki düzeyi, regresyon analizleri test edilmiştir. Araştırmadan elde edilen bulgular ışığında, örgütsel adaletin tüm boyutlarının (dağıtımsal, prosedürel ve etkileşimsel) örgütsel sessizlik ile negatif yönlü, örgütsel bağlılık ile ise pozitif yönlü bir ilişki gözlemlenmiştir. Aynı konuları ele alan, farklı kültür yapısına sahip şehir ve bölgelerin yanında farklı sektörlerde gerçekleştirilecek herhangi bir çalışma farklı sonuçları doğurabilecektir. Bununla birlikte bu çalışmada yer alan değişkenlerin yerine, örgütsel davranış konularından olan tükenmişlik, motivasyon, işe adanmışlık, örgütsel tatmin gibi konulara değişken olarak değinilmesinin literatüre katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.
Pandemi Sürecinde ve Sonrasında Küçülme Nedeniyle Fesih
Authors: AKPINAR Fatih , DEMİR Özlem
Published: January 2022

2020 yılının başından itibaren tüm dünyaya yayılan yeni tip koronavirüs (Covid-19) virüsü, sadece bir sağlık krizi olmayıp sosyal ve ekonomik hayatı derinden etkileyen önemli bir sosyo-ekonomik krizin nedeni olmuştur. Özellikle bu süreçte yaşanan ekonomik durgunluk, bazı sektörlerde daralma ve pazar kaybını tetiklemiştir. Bu doğrultuda işletmelerin küçülmesi ve kapatılması gibi nedenlerle işverenlerin işçi çıkarma eğilimi artmıştır. Bu çalışmada işverenin küçülmeye gitmesi nedeni ile iş sözleşmesi feshinin 4857 Sayılı İş Kanunu’nun iş sözleşmesi feshi hükümleri karşısındaki durumu hem Covid-19 pandemi süreci hem de pandemi sonrası döneme ilişkin doğuracağı hüküm ve sonuçlar açısından inceleme yapılmıştır. İş Kanunu’nun m.18 gereğince “iş güvencesi” kapsamında olan işçinin iş sözleşmesi feshi, haklı bir nedenin varlığı olamadığı durumda geçerli bir nedene dayandırılmak zorundadır. Aksi takdirde “geçersiz fesih” söz konusu olup, sonuç ve hükümler açısından farklı sonuçlar doğuracaktır. Bu noktada işyerinin küçülmesi ise bahsi geçen hüküm çerçevesinde “işletmenin, işyerinin veya işin gereklerinden kaynaklanan” nedenler arasında ele alınan ve genellikle işletme içi neden olarak kabul edilen geçerli bir fesih nedenidir. Ancak pandemi sürecinde “fesih yasakları”nın olduğu bir süreçte küçülme gerekçesi ile (geçerli bir neden olarak) fesih yoluna gidilmesi işletme dışı bir neden olmakta ve doktrinde tartışmaları da beraberinde getirmektedir. Çünkü, fesih yasağının yürürlükte olduğu dönemde işverenin “ahlak ve iyi niyet kurallarına aykırılık” haricinde bir sebeple yapacağı feshin hangi hukuki yaptırımlara tabi olacağı önem arz etmektedir. Sonuç olarak ilgili madde hükümleri incelendiğinde ve fesih yasağı hükmünün genel amacı gözetildiğinde (işçi iş güvencesine tabi olsun ya da olmasın) fesih yasağı döneminde yapılan feshin, kanunun emredici hükümlerine aykırılık nedeniyle geçersiz kabul edilmesi gerektiği kanaatine varılmıştır. Bu nedenle işe iade davası açılmasına gerek duyulmadan sadece geçersizliğin tespiti ile yetinilmelidir.
Kamu İktisadi Teşebbüslerinin ve Özelleştirmenin Ekonomi-Politiği: Türkiye Örneği
Authors: EREN Ahmet Arif , ŞİMŞEK Orhan
Published: January 2022

Politik iktisadın merkezi tartışması olan devlet-piyasa ikiliğinde çok önemli bir alanı kaplayan devlete ait işletmeler/kamu iktisadi teşebbüsleri (KİT’ler), tarih boyunca ülkelerin ulusal kapitalizmlerini oluşturmada, kalkınma deneyimlerinde dikkate değer şekilde görevler üstlenen birer araç olmuştur. Ancak bu durum, kamu iktisadi teşebbüslerini tartışılan, varlığı sorgulanan ve eleştirilen birer kurum olmaktan kurtaramamıştır. Öyle ki, neoliberal manifesto olarak kabul edilen Washington Uzlaşısı çerçevesinde devletin küçültülmesi hevesiyle başlatılan özelleştirme furyası, birçok ülkede kamu mülkiyetinin bu şirketlerden el çekmesine neden oldu. Ağırlıklı olarak gelişmekte olan ülkelerde temel kamusal hizmet alanlarındaki kamu iktisadi teşebbüsleri dahi özelleştirildi. 2000’li yıllara gelindiğinde ise, yaşanan ekonomik ve finansal krizler (örneğin 2008 küresel krizi), devletin ekonomiye geri dönüşünün güçlü bir şekilde seslendirilmesini beraberinde getirdi. Bu durum kamu iktisadi teşebbüslerini de yeniden sahneye çıkardı. Özellikle Çin merkezli kamu iktisadi teşebbüslerinin ve yine mülkiyeti devlet ait ulusal varlık fonu işletmelerinin küresel birer aktör haline gelmesi ve devletçi kapitalizmin farklı bir formatta dönüşü, bu kurumlara olan ilgiyi artırdı.

Ancak kamu iktisadi teşebbüslerinin yeniden dönüşünü anlamak, kavramak ve yorumlamak, tarihe müracaatı zorunlu kılmaktadır. Kapitalizmin met-cezir dalgalarının ortasında kalan bu kurumların günümüzde yeniden önem arz etmesini, politik iktisadın hacimli tartışmalarından soyutlamak mümkün değildir. Dolayısıyla bu çalışmada, önce devletin ekonomik faaliyetlerinin kapitalizmdeki yerine ve günümüzde yükselen devletçi kapitalizme Adam Smith ve iktisadi düşünce tarihi perspektifinden bakılmış, daha sonra ise, devletin ekonomik faaliyetlerinin en öncelikli aracı kamu iktisadi teşebbüslerine yönelik politikalar Türkiye örneği üzerinden irdelenmiştir. Türkiye’nin kamu iktisadi teşebbüsleri serüveni üzerine yapılan değerlendirmeler sonucunda, gelinen noktada devletçi ekonomi modeline doğru bir yönelimin olduğu kabul edilmektedir. Bu bağlamda çalışma, devletin ve devlet işletmelerinin geri plana itildiği düşüncelerin reddiyesi ile sonlandırılmıştır.
A brief study on matrix converter for wind mill application
Authors:   Christ the King Engineering College, Karamadai, Tamil Nadu 641104, Devika M , Pavithra L ,   Christ the King Engineering College, Karamadai, Tamil Nadu 641104
Published: January 2022

The wind energy is one of the low qualities because of change in direction and velocity of wind. So, the input power and the frequency will be varied which affects the operation of system. For a prescribed wind velocity, the mechanical power available from the wind turbine is function of shaft speed. The shaft speed is varying due to the change in the wind velocity; thereby change in frequency and voltage is developed at the output of the induction generator. Power electronics converters are used for stabilizing the varying parameters and to obtain a constant frequency of 50Hz. commonly used power electronic device is back-to-back converters or ACDC-AC converters which has many disadvantages like costly, bulky. Through matrix converter, the terminal voltage and frequency of the induction generator can be controlled in such a way that the wind turbine will be operating at a constant frequency of 50 Hertz.
Novedades sobre la construcción del foro de Libisosa: noticia preliminar de las últimas intervenciones arqueológicas
Authors: Uroz Rodríguez Héctor
Published: January 2022

The following paper offers a small preview of the results of the archaeological studies carried out in the 2019 and 2020 campaigns in the Northern sector of the Roman forum of Libisosa (Lezuza, Albacete, Spain), a coordinated effort aiming at its consolidation
Simulating Globular Clusters in Dark Matter Subhalos
Authors: Carlberg Raymond G. , Keating Laura C.
Published: January 2022

A cosmological zoom-in simulation that develops into a Milky Way-like halo begins at redshift 7. The initial dark matter distribution is seeded with dense star clusters of median mass 5 × 105
M
⊙, placed in the largest subhalos present, which have a median peak circular velocity of 25 km s−1. Three simulations are initialized using the same dark matter distribution with the star clusters starting on approximately circular orbits having initial median radii 6.8, 0.14 kpc, and, at the exact center of the subhalos. The simulations are evolved to the current epoch at which time the median galactic orbital radii of the three sets of clusters are 30, 5, and 16 kpc, with the clusters losing about 2%, 50%, and 15% of their mass, respectively. Clusters beginning at small orbital radii have so much tidal forcing that they are often not in equilibrium. Clusters that start at larger subhalo radii have a velocity dispersion that declines smoothly to ≃20% of the central value at ≃20 half-mass radii. The clusters that begin in the subhalo centers can show a rise in velocity dispersion beyond 3–5 half-mass radii. That is, the clusters that form without local dark matter always have stellar-mass-dominated kinematics at all radii, whereas about 25% of the clusters that begin in subhalo centers have remnant local dark matter.
Two new species of the genus Chilobrachys (Araneae, Theraphosidae) from China
Authors: Lin Yejie , Yan Xunyou , Li Shuqiang
Published: January 2022

Two new species of the genus Chilobrachys Karsh, 1892 are described from China: Chilobrachys dominus Lin & Li, sp. nov. from Yunnan and C. jinchengi Lin & Li, sp. nov. from Tibet. Photos and a morphological description of the new species are given. The type specimens of the new species are deposited in the Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy (IZCAS) in Beijing.
La relation stresseurs–performance en cabinets comptables et d’audit : Y a-t-il du bon stress ?
Authors: Bonache Adrien Bernard
Published: January 2022

Pour identifier les stresseurs améliorant la performance en cabinets comptables, nous avons utilisé une modélisation par les équations structurelles à partir de 293 réponses d’experts-comptables et d’experts-comptables stagiaires. Les résultats précisent les rares études sur les liens stresseurs–motivation et le mécanisme par lequel l’incertitude environnementale perçue affecte la performance. De plus, un feedback juste accroît la performance via la motivation et la diminution du stress. Nous contribuons donc aux rares recherches consacrées au lien entre stress et justice et suggérons la singularité des grands cabinets d’audit.
Une petite histoire des palais présidentiels
Authors: Devred Raphaël
Published: January 2022

Les palais princiers sont des lieux de travail et de divertissements où s’exerce le pouvoir, notamment présidentiel. Cet article synthétise l’histoire des palais du chef de l’État depuis 1848 en interrogeant leur nature et leurs fonctions. À travers le processus de constitution et l’évolution du réseau palatial se dessine une géographie des lieux de pouvoir du prince-président.
Les premières dames en leur résidence
Authors: Le Bras-Chopard Armelle
Published: January 2022

Seuls des hommes ont accédé à la présidence de la République en France et, à deux exceptions près, des hommes mariés. Leur compagne, personne privée, sans légitimité politique, assure à l’Élysée son rôle de maîtresse de maison et de représentation. Mais ces « premières dames » s’impliquent de plus en plus dans des activités publiques et leur visibilité croissante, favorisée par les médias, interroge sur leur éventuelle influence politique.
Descartes et la pesanteur. Le dixième point des Sixièmes Réponses
Authors: Laguens Florian
Published: January 2022

Descartes a choisi, pour conclure les Méditations métaphysiques , de revenir sur une thèse majeure : la distinction réelle entre l’esprit et le corps. C’est aussi l’occasion pour lui de critiquer, à mots à peine couverts, la conception scolastique de la pesanteur. Ce texte rarement commenté a néanmoins été discuté par trois des plus grands lecteurs de Descartes (Gilson, Gouhier et Garber) qui s’accordent à y voir une charge contre les lointains disciples d’Aristote, même si aucune cible n’est explicitement mentionnée. Une analyse minutieuse du dixième point des Sixièmes Réponses , en particulier de la page consacrée à la pesanteur, met aussi en évidence une liberté de langage déroutante, qui permet à Descartes de parler de l’esprit comme d’une qualité, de le dire ensuite étendu, et d’affirmer enfin qu’il faut penser pour se diriger vers un but déterminé.
Réflexions sur la biologie postdarwinienne et l’évolution
Authors: Chapouthier Georges
Published: January 2022

L’évolution du vivant, ontogénétique comme phylogénétique, repose sur de nombreux mouvements par oppositions et dépassements successifs. Ces mouvements peuvent être observés aussi bien dans la vie organique que dans la vie mentale et rapprochés de thèses philosophiques comme la dialectique dagognétienne, mais aussi de l’intégration spencérienne. Au niveau organique s’exerce une opposition entre les principes darwiniens de la sélection naturelle et des principes d’association (que j’ai appelés « complexité en mosaïque ») qui agissent en sens opposé. Au niveau mental, cette opposition aboutit à des contradictions entre la prédation et l’entraide entre les individus.
Loin des autres
Authors: Grande Teresa
Published: January 2022

“Loin des autres” : c’est la règle principale que nous avons tous appris à suivre depuis que Covid-19 a fait irruption dans nos vies il y a plus d’un an. Dans cet article, je me propose de réfléchir sur la situation d’isolement que le virus nous impose à partir d’une relecture du célèbre livre que le sociologue Norbert Elias a consacré à La solitude du mourant. La situation de solitude décrite par Elias au début des années 1980 se reproduit avec une force particulière dans la pandémie actuelle. Comme nous le verrons, les normes de distanciation sociale ont des conséquences sur la façon dont nous nous rapportons aux “autres”, sur notre perception des liens sociaux et sur nos émotions ; ces conséquences sont particulièrement visibles dans la solitude qui caractérise les patients Covid-19. En outre, les personnes décédées de Covid-19 représentent les victimes symboliques de cette pandémie et, en tant que telles, commencent à être commémorées de manière publique. L’article se termine par une brève réflexion sur la “Journée nationale à la mémoire des victimes du Covid-19” (instaurée par l’État italien dans la journée du 18 mars) et sur les mémoires futures des expériences individuelles et collectives de l’urgence pandémique que nous vivons encore.
Violence domestique et pandémie. Changements et perspectives
Authors: Garofalo Sabrina
Published: January 2022

La crise pandémique a mis en évidence les spécificités de la violence de genre en se référant particulièrement à la violence domestique. À partir du concept d’« espace sûr », identifié comme espace domestique de confinement pour la protection contre le virus, il est possible d’identifier les formes structurelles de violence de genre dans la vie des femmes. L’objectif de cet article est de focaliser, après une analyse de la législation actuelle et des recherches récentes, les contradictions que la crise pandémique a mises en évidence mais également les opportunités. En particulier, la proposition de ce travail est de donner la possibilité d’identifier de nouvelles perspectives et de nouvelles propositions politiques en termes de sécurité et de santé pour les femmes, à partir des concepts-clés de l’épistémologie féministe.
Les professionnels du contrôle social : « un champ d’intervention professionnelle »
Authors: Mauger Gérard
Published: January 2022

Après avoir montré que déviance, délinquance et contrôle social ont partie liée, l’article décrit la concurrence qui se fait jour entre les interprétations de tel ou tel problème social, les « réparations » proposées et les « réparateurs » en lice. Elle impose progressivement leur coordination : l’injonction pluridisciplinaire se double alors d’une invitation au partenariat. Comment décrire l’espace de « coopération / concurrence » à l’intérieur duquel s’organisent les pratiques professionnelles de « réparateurs » appartenant à différents champs (au sens que Bourdieu donne à ce concept) ? L’article montre que le monde des « professionnels du contrôle social » peut être décrit comme un « champ d’intervention professionnelle » au sens que Stanislas Morel donne à cette notion en s’inspirant de la sociologie des professions d’Andrew Abbott.
L’hybridation des acteurs policiers français
Authors: Dieu François
Published: January 2022

Cet article propose une analyse du processus d’hybridation des deux institutions policières régaliennes, à savoir la gendarmerie et la police nationales. Le rattachement de la gendarmerie au ministère de l’Intérieur et les rapprochements organisationnels et culturels des deux institutions apparaissent comme des facteurs de remise en cause de ce dualisme policier. Ses justifications et fondements n’ont pas permis d’empêcher une reconfiguration de cette police étatique bicéphale, avec une perspective de fusion police-gendarmerie, dans un contexte marqué par l’irruption de nouveaux acteurs dans le champ de la sécurité.
L’action médico-sociale auprès des sans-domicile : hybridation des professionnels et des niveaux d’intervention en contexte institutionnel
Authors: Besozzi Thibaut
Published: January 2022

Cet article montre la complexité de l’articulation des divers professionnels du secteur médico-social qui interviennent auprès de publics sans-domicile présentant parallèlement des problématiques de santé. À partir d’une enquête ethnographique menée dans plusieurs dispositifs médico-sociaux en 2021, nous mettons en évidence les complémentarités et frictions qui traversent l’action médico-sociale en contexte institutionnel. C’est d’abord la coordination et l’hybridation du médical et du social qui est analysée. Si la complémentarité de ces modes d’intervention est largement valorisée dans les discours, elle ne va pas pour autant sans poser de difficultés pratiques aux professionnels. Puis, c’est l’action conjointe des « professionnels du quotidien » et des « professionnels du suivi » qui est considérée, là encore, pour montrer que la coordination des niveaux d’intervention ne va pas de soi. Le secteur médico-social se trouve donc au carrefour de logiques d’intervention hybrides complémentaires et pourtant difficilement conciliables.
Perturbative Cauchy theory for a flux-incompressible Maxwell-Stefan system
Authors: Bondesan Andrea , Briant Marc
Published: January 2022

Recently, the authors proved [2] that the Maxwell-Stefan system with an incompressibility-like condition on the total flux can be rigorously derived from the multi-species Boltzmann equation. Similar cross-diffusion models have been widely investigated, but the particular case of a perturbative incompressible setting around a non constant equilibrium state of the mixture (needed in [2]) seems absent of the literature. We thus establish a quantitative perturbative Cauchy theory in Sobolev spaces for it. More precisely, by reducing the analysis of the Maxwell-Stefan system to the study of a quasilinear parabolic equation on the sole concentrations and with the use of a suitable anisotropic norm, we prove global existence and uniqueness of strong solutions and their exponential trend to equilibrium in a perturbative regime around any macroscopic equilibrium state of the mixture. As a by-product, we show that the equimolar diffusion condition naturally appears from this perturbative incompressible setting.
Multivalued contraction maps on fuzzy $ b $-metric spaces and an application
Authors: Batul Samina ,   Department of Mathematics, Capital University of Science and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan, Mehmood Faisar , Hussain Azhar , Sagheer Dur-e-Shehwar , Aydi Hassen , Mukheimer Aiman ,   Department of Mathematics, University of Sargodha, Sargodha-40100, Pakistan,   Université de Sousse, Institut Supérieur d'Informatique et des Techniques de Communication, H. Sousse 4000, Tunisia,   China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan,   Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Ga-Rankuwa, South Africa,   Department of Mathematics and Sciences, Prince Sultan University, Riyadh 11586, Saudi Arabia
Published: January 2022

In this article, the concept of a Hausdorff fuzzy $ b $-metric space is introduced. The new notion is used to establish some fixed point results for multivalued mappings in $ G $-complete fuzzy $ b $-metric spaces satisfying a suitable requirement of contractiveness. An illustrative example is formulated to support the results. Eventually, an application for the existence of a solution for an integral inclusion is established which involves showing the materiality of the obtained results. These results are more general and some theorems proved by of Shehzad et al. are their special cases.
Estimating the transmissibility of SARS-CoV-2 VOC 202012/01 in Japan using travel history information
Authors: Kayano Taishi ,   Kyoto University School of Public Health, Yoshida-Konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan, Nishiura Hiroshi
Published: January 2022

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), has rapidly spread across the globe. The variant of concern (VOC) 202012/01 (B.1.1.7, also known as the alpha variant) bearing the N501Y mutation emerged in late 2020. VOC 202012/01 was more transmissible than existing SARS-CoV-2 variants and swiftly became dominant in many regions. More than 150 cases of VOC 202012/01 were reported in Japan by 26 February 2021. During the very early stage of introduction, only a subset arose from domestic transmission. If the reproduction number R (i.e., the average number of secondary transmission events caused by a single primary case) is greater than 1, the corresponding proportion should converge to 1 in a short period of time, and thus it is critical to understand the transmissibility of VOC 202012/01 based on travel history information. The present study aimed to estimate R of VOC 202012/01 using overseas travel history information. A mathematical model was developed to capture the relationship between travel history and R. We obtained travel history data for each confirmed case of VOC 202012/01 infection from 26 December 2020 to 26 February 2021. Maximum likelihood estimation was used to estimate R, accounting for right censoring during real-time estimation. In the baseline scenario, R was estimated at 2.11 (95% confidence interval: 1.63, 2.94). By 26 February 2021, an average of nine generations had elapsed since the first imported case. If the generation time of VOC 202012/01 was assumed to be longer, R was increased, consistent with estimates of R from case data. The estimated R of VOC 202012/01 in Japan exceeded 1 on 26 February 2021, suggesting that domestic transmission events caused a major epidemic. Moreover, because our estimate of R was dependent on generation time and ascertainment biases, continuous monitoring of contact tracing data is crucial to decipher the mechanisms of increased VOC 202012/01 transmissibility.
In silico study to predict promiscuous T cell and B cell-epitopes derived from the vaccine candidate antigens of Plasmodium vivax binding to MHC class-II alleles
Authors: Khan Nazam , bin-Mwena Mona N , Alruways Mashael W , Allehyani Noor Motair M , Alanzi Maryam Owaid , Shahzad  , Khan Amir , Sehgal Rakesh , Tripathi P K , Farooq Umar
Published: January 2022

Malaria is one of the major causes of health and disability globally, even after tremendous efforts to eradicate it. Till date no highly effective vaccine is available for its control. The primary reason for the low efficacy of vaccines is extensive polymorphism in potential vaccine candidate antigen genes and HLA polymorphisms in the human population. This problem can be resolved by developing a vaccine using promiscuous peptides to combine the number of HLA alleles. This study predicted T and B cell epitopes (promiscuous peptides) by targeting PPPK-DHPS and DHFR-TS proteins of Plasmodium vivax, using different in silico tools. Selected peptides were characterized as promiscuous peptides on the basis of their immunogenicity, antigenicity and hydrophobicity. Furthermore, to confirm their immunogenicity, these peptides were utilized for molecular modelling and docking analysis. For determining the requisite affinity with distinct HLA Class-I, and HLA Class-II alleles, only five peptides for DHFR-TS and 3 peptides for PPPK-DHPS were chosen as promiscuous peptides. The D1 peptide has the maximum binding energy with HLA alleles, according to HLA-peptide complex modelling and binding interaction analyses. These findings could lead to the development of epitope-based vaccinations with improved safety and efficacy. These epitopes could be major vaccine targets in P. vivax as they possess a higher number of promiscuous peptides. Also, the B cell epitopes possess maximum affinity towards different alleles as analyzed by docking scores. However, further investigation is warranted in vitro and in vivo.
Seroprevalence against Toscana virus in Spain
Authors: Martíinez Jesús García , García Sonsoles García , Walter Stefan , Gil- Prieto Ruth , Lacomba Daniel López , Marín-García Patricia , Gil-de-Miguel Ángel , González-Escalada Alba
Published: January 2022

Background & objectives: The Toscana virus (TOSV) is a neurotropic arbovirus that is transmitted through the bite of some Phlebotomus species. In 2009, the largest outbreak of leishmaniasis described so far in Europe, occurred in the Autonomous Community of Madrid, Spain, which was related to the population increase of P. perniciosus in this region.

Methods: A seroprevalence study was conducted to determine the circulation of TOSV among the population of this geographic area. A total of 516 sera were collected in two different stages: 2007 (before the leishmaniasis outbreak) and 2018–19 (representative of the current situation). In the sera, presence of IgG antibodies against TOSV was determined by commercial ELISA.

Results: The overall seroprevalence was 34.5%. The anti-TOSV IgG level was significantly higher in the samples collected in 2007 (41.5%) than 2018–19 (27.3%).

Interpretation & conclusion: The results of this study show a very active TOSV circulation in the region that is greater than expected. The lower seroprevalence figures in 2018–19 may be related to the vector and environmental control measures that were put in place as a result of the leishmaniasis outbreak of 2009. This highlights the importance of such strategies to reduce the incidence of TOSV infection and other vector-borne diseases.
COVID-19 vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia
Authors: Sarkar Malay , Madabhavi Irappa V. , Quy Pham Nguyen , Govindagoudar Manjunath B.
Published: January 2022

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a highly transmissible and pathogenic coronavirus responsible for the pandemic coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19). It has significant impact on human health and public safety along with negative social and economic consequences. Vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 is likely the most effective approach to sustainably control the global COVID-19 pandemic. Vaccination is highly effective in reducing the risk of severe COVID-19 disease. Mass-scale vaccination will help us in attaining herd immunity and will lessen the negative impact of the disease on public health, social and economic conditions. The present pandemic stimulated the development of several effective vaccines based on different platforms. Although the vaccine is safe and efficacious, rare cases of thrombosis and thrombocytopenia following the use of vaccination with the ChAdOx1 CoV-19 vaccine (AstraZeneca, University of Oxford, and Serum Institute of India) or the Ad26.COV2.S vaccine (Janssen/Johnson & Johnson) have been reported globally. This review focussed on the definition, epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical features, diagnosis, and management of vaccine associated thrombosis.
Germline predisposition to glial neoplasms in children and young adults
Authors: Das Anirban , Hawkins Cynthia , Tabori Uri
Published: January 2022

Gliomas are the most common malignancies of the central nervous system (CNS). A significant proportion of both low- and high-grade gliomas in children, adolescents, and young adults have specific genetic events which can be traced to the germline. Despite integration of genomic findings in recent CNS tumor classifications, germline origins of these genetic events are seldom highlighted. These cancer predisposition syndromes can predispose the individual and family members to multiple cancers in different organs beyond the CNS and to other non-oncologic manifestations caused by the genetic dysfunction. Recent molecular discoveries and careful surveillance have resulted in improved survival and reduced morbidity for many of these conditions. Importantly, identifying a genetic predisposition can alter treatment of the existing malignancy, by mandating the use of a different protocol, targeted therapy, or other novel therapies. Hence, prompt diagnosis is sometimes crucial for these young patients. High index of suspicion and early referral to genetic testing and counseling are important and may be beneficial to these families. In this review, we discuss the clinical manifestations, genetics, tumor management, and surveillance in these patients. These provide insights into the complex mechanisms in glioma-genesis that can impact the treatment and survival for these patients and families in the future.
On multiplicative energy of subsets of varieties
Authors: Shkredov Ilya D.
Published: January 2022

We obtain a nontrivial upper bound for the multiplicative energy of any sufficiently large subset of a subvariety of a finite algebraic group. We also find some applications of our results to the growth of conjugates classes, estimates of exponential sums, and restriction phenomenon.
Short-term glucocorticoid-related side effects and adverse reactions: a narrative review and practical approach
Authors: Noetzlin Sarah , Breville Gautier , Seebach Jörg D. , Gastaldi Giacomo
Published: January 2022

Glucocorticoids are the mainstay treatment of a variety of inflammatory and autoimmune disorders. Unfortunately, metabolic side effects, drug interactions and adverse reactions commonly lead to glucocorticoid-related side effects, thereby compromising their intended anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects. The goal of this review is to help clinicians to monitor the broad spectrum of side effects of short-term systemic glucocorticoid administration, defined as glucocorticoid treatment shorter than 30 days. We review the various systems affected, with a focus on metabolic conditions and hyperglycaemia management.
Funkjonowanie pojęcia „pan” w kulturze wiejskiej Królestwa Polskiego końca XIX w.
Authors: Krisań Maria
Published: January 2022

Celem artykułu jest próba rekonsktrukcji pojęcia „pan”, jakie ukształtowało się i funkcjonowało w wyobraźni środowiska wiejskiego pod koniec XIX w. Podstawą do badań są: listy chło- pów-emigrantów do Brazylii i Stanów Zjednoczonych z lat 1890–1891, korespondencja ukazująca się na łamach czasopisma „Gazeta Świąteczna” wydawanego w Warszawie od 1881 r., pamiętniki chłopskie oraz dane etnograficzne zebrane na ziemiach Królestwa Polskiego na przełomie XIX–XX w.

A Master in the Eyes of a Peasant in the Kingdom of Poland in the Second Half of the 19th Century

The aim of the article is to reconstruct the notion of a “master”, which was shaped and functioned in the minds of peasants in the end of the 19th century. The research is based on: letters of peasants who emigrated to Brazil and the USA from the years 1890–1891, letters published in “Gazeta Świąteczna” [The Holiday Gazette] published in Warsaw since 1881, peasants’ diaries, and ethnography data collected in the Kingdom of Poland at the turn of the 20th century.
Henryk Kahane – zapomniany mistrz szachowy
Authors: Kalendovsky Jan , Lissowski Tomasz
Published: January 2022

Tekst przedstawia karierę szachisty Henryka Kahane. Henryk (Hersz Tsalel) Kahane urodził się w Tomaszowie Rawskim (Mazowieckim) w 1906 roku i uczył się grać w szachy w swoim rodzinnym mieście. Później studiował chemię na Politechnice w Brnie w latach 1927-1931. Reprezentując żydowski klub Makkabi Brno, Kahane został mistrzem Głównego Związku Czechosłowackich Szachistów (ÚJČŠ) w roku 1929 na turnieju rozgrywanym w Brnie, a w roku 1931 został szachowym mistrzem Brna. Po powrocie do Polski Kahane był członkiem Łódzkiego Towarzystwa Zwolenników Gry Szachowej. Brał udział w Szachowych Mistrzostwach Łodzi (4 miejsce w 1932 roku, 3 miejsce w 1934), był także członkiem zespołu Łodzi na Mistrzostwa Polski w szachach w 1934 r. W 1935 r. wyemigrował do Rumunii, później (1940), poprzez Bułgarię i Turcję do Palestyny. W Izraelu Henryk Kahane mieszkał w mieście Ramat Gan (Dystrykt Tel Awiw), gdzie założył fabrykę chemiczną, której był dyrektorem. Nie wiadomo, czy w Izraelu grał w szachy i nieznana jest data jego śmierci.

Henryk Kahane – a forgotten chess master

The article presents the career of a chess player, Henryk Kahane. Henryk (Hersz Tsalel) Kahane was born in Tomaszów Rawski (Tomaszów Mazowiecki) in 1906 and learned to play chess in his home town. Later, in the years 1927–1931, he studied chemistry at the Brno Polytechnic. Representing the Jewish club of Maccabi Brno Kahane became a chess master of ÚJČŠ (i.e. the Main Society of Czecho-Slovakian Chess Players) in 19129 in Brno. In 1931 he was a chess master of Brno. After he had returned to Poland, Kahane became a member of the Chess Enthusiasts Association in Łódź. He took part in the Łódź Chess Competition (4th place in 1932, 3rd place in 1934). He was also a member of the Łódź team in the Polish Chess Competition in 1934. In 1935, he emigrated to Romania, and later, in 1940, to Palestine (through Bulgaria and Turkey). In Israel, Kahane lived in Ramat Gan (Tel Aviv District) where he set up a chemical factory. He was the director of the company. Whether he played chess in Israel remains unknown. It is also unknown when he died.
Wykorzystanie źródeł z zasobów prywatnych do badań genealogicznych
Authors: Krajkowski Leszek
Published: January 2022

Autor omawia źródła genealogiczne, zgromadzone i wytworzone przez pasjonatów genealogii. Jednym z nich był Włodzimierz Dworzaczek(1905-1988), którego spuścizna, zawierająca około trzysta tysięcy wypisów, nazwana „Tekami Dworzaczka”, została przekazana do Biblioteki Kórnickiej Polskiej Akademii Nauk i wydana w postaci elektronicznej, a także umieszczona w Sieci.. Podobną pracę wykonał Wojciech Skowroński (1904-1978), lekarz okulista, zainteresowany historią rodzin wielkopolskich, nie tylko szlacheckich. Jego notatki i opracowania trafiły do Biblioteki Poznańskiego Towarzystwa Przyjaciół Nauk. Skany tych materiałów jako „Archiwum dra Wojciecha Józefa Skowrońskiego” zostały umieszczone w Internecie na stronie Wielkopolskiej Biblioteki Cyfrowej.. Istotną z punktu widzenia badań genealogicznych spuściznę pozostawili tez m.in. Sławomir Leitgeber i Stanisław Karwowski.

Using private sources for genealogy studies

The author discusses the problem of genealogy sources, which have been gathered and created by genealogy enthusiasts. Włodzimierz Dworzaczek (1905-1988) was one of such enthusiasts. His legacy (about 300,000 extracts), also referred to as “the Dworzaczek Files” was donated to the Kórnik Library of the Polish Academy of Sciences, published in an electronic version and also made available online. Wojciech Skowroński (1904-1978) has comparable achievements. He was an ophthalmologist, interested in the history of Greater Poland families – not only those of noble origin. His notes and reviews were included in the collection of the Poznań Society of Friends of Learning Library. “The Archive of Dr. Wojciech Skowroński” (scans of these documents) was made available online on the Greater Poland Digital Library website. Also Sławomir Leitgeber and Stanisław Karwowski left the legacy of a similar genealogical value.
Edukacja akademicka Marii Okońskiej w świetle archiwaliów
Authors: Józefiak Piotr
Published: January 2022

Artykuł przedstawia edukację akademicką Marii Okońskiej, założycielki Instytutu Prymasa Wyszyńskiego i jego najbliższej współpracowniczki. Ukazana została jej krótka biografia prezentująca jej dokonania i zasługi. W tekście została przeprowadzona analiza jej drogi do uzyskania wyższego wykształcenia w oparciu o zachowane materiały archiwalne stanowiące dokumentację przebiegu studiów. W tekście omówiono jej edukację w czasie okupacji i w okresie krótko powojennym.

Academic education of Maria Okońska in the light of archival materials

The article presents the academic education of Maria Okońska, the closest associate of primate Stefan Wyszyński and the founder of the Stefan Wyszyński Institute. It features a short biography with her most notable achievements, as well as an analysis of her journey towards completing her degree, based on the available archival materials documenting the course of her academic experience. It also includes the description of her education during the period of occupation and shortly after the war.