bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Stabilization of Food Colourant and Antimicrobial Activity in Fruit Extracts of Basella rubra. L
Authors: N Pawar , M Shinde , L Junna
Published: April 2018

Betalains have potential as the natural colourant and functional food with pharmaceutical purposes in food applications.
The total betalain content of Basella rubra L. grown at Kalaburagi region is evaluated for the first time. The present
study is carried out to determine the pigment stability and antimicrobial activity of fruits of Basella rubra. Total betalain
content of fruits was evaluated and it was found to contain a high amount of 48.15 mg betacyanins and sparing amount of
2.53 mg betaxanthins and total betalains account for 50.69mg/100g of fresh fruit pulp. The influence of different
additives on the colour stability of pigment was evaluated. More than 80% pigment colour is stable in the presence of 5%
sucrose at 4 °C under dark condition. The betalain extract of Basella rubra L fruits showed significant antimicrobial
activity against S.typhi, Aspergillus flavus, Microphomia fungi and Rhizopus stolonifer. It is for the first time that the
total betalain content and anti-microbial activity of Basella rubra cultivar grown in Hyderabad Karnataka region of
Karnataka, India is reported.
Antihelminthic Activity in Aqueous Leaf Extract of Moringa oleifera Lam.
Authors: R Anitha , Kalaivani Sahaya
Published: April 2018

The objective of the study is to evaluate the antihelminthic property of Moringa oleifera aqueous leaf extract by studying
the paralysis and mortality time of Tubiflex tubiflex (blood worm). The aqueous extract at 200mg/ml exhibited paralysis
time of 1 minute and death time of 2 minutes which was on par with synthetic drug Albendazole at 20mg/ml. Crude
condensed tannin paralysed T.tubiflex at 60 seconds with mortality time of 9 minutes at 1mg/ml. T.tubiflex was selected
for the study since they share a similar anatomical and physiological aspects with the intestinal round worm. The study
indicated that T.tubiflex was inhibited effectively by condensed tannin in Moringa oleifera aqueous leaf extract and
perhaps might be more effective on the round worms as well, since it is consumed as vegetable for its nutritive and
medicinal values in tropical and subtropical regions.
Exploring of insertion/deletion polymorphism in the vascular endothelial growth factor gene associated with type two diabetic patients in Al-Diwaniyah City
Authors: Hamead Abbas G
Published: April 2018

Disease conditions that are related to the effects of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) are common such as nephropathy and promoting of cancer growth and metastasis. The current study was launched to explore the presence of VEGF gene-based polymorphism of the insertion/deletion (I/D) in blood samples of 25 diabetic and 25 clinically healthy people in Al-Diwaniyah City, Iraq. Using polymerase chain reaction (PCR), the results have shown the presence of these genotypes in these samples with higher significant (p˂0.05) occurrence. The homozygous DD was significantly (p˂0.05) affected by the sex factor. This genotypic characteristic was shown significantly (p˂0.05) in females more than that in males. Moreover, this feature was significantly higher (p˂0.05) when compared to the other genotypes II and I/D for each of the females or males separately. For the DD genotype,ages between 40 to 49 years of old have shown significantly (p˂0.05) higher presence of this genotype than that in other ages. It has been also shown by these results that this genotype is present significantly (p˂0.05) higher than that in the other genotypes when compared together in each age category. These results suggest current relationship between the VEGF I/D polymorphism occurrence and diabetes with deeper correlation with sex and age factors.
Molecular detection of Toxoplasma gondii in a sample of Iraqi patients with acute leukemia and Stem cell transplantation
Authors: Al-Marsomy Huda Dhaher , Al-Toban Hussein Ali , Al Tameemi Waseem F
Published: April 2018

Acute leukemia is the most common hematological malignancies; the malignant cells are immature cells that areincapable of performing their immune system functions. Chemotherapy and Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) are the established treatment for a variety of malignant diseases including acute leukemia. After induction chemotherapy and allogeneic bone marrow transplantation there will be suppression of the immunity and the patients will be susceptible for many opportunistic infections or reactivation of latent infections. Opportunistic infections of T.gondii make an important threat to patients with acute leukemia after the use of intense chemotherapy and immunosuppression drugs following allogeneic HSCT. To detection of T.gondiiin patients with acute leukemia after chemotherapy (induction) courses and post allogeneic Stem cell transplantation patients within the first year and determine copy number of T.gondiiin these groups and compare with apparently healthy individual as control group.A prospective study enrolled 61 patients who diagnosed to have acute leukemia. Forty eight of them had received an induction course of chemotherapy, within one month of diagnosis (group I). While the other 13 acute leukemia patients had assessed after bone marrow transplantation within the first year of diagnosis as group II and 30 apparently healthy individuals as control group. The questionnaire form was given to each patient included: age, sex, residence, Job, Virology screen (HBV,HCV),type of acute leukemia,Chronic disease (DM or HT) if present,frequency of Blood transfusion in addition to CBC. Blood samples were collected from all groups. T. gondii DNA was extracted from 1 ml whole blood samples,and then,T. gondii DNA was detected and measured by Taqman quantitative real-time PCR.The serum to measure IgG and IgM antibody specific to T. gondii wasinvestigated in the control group by an enzyme-linked immune assay (ELISA).T. gondii parasitemia was detected in (8.3%) 4 out of 48 group I patient. While negative in group II and control group. The range of T.gondii load was(6.285×103-17.915×103) copy/ml,the mean of the copy numbers 11458.75± 5120.85.The study is of medical importance as it deals with immunocompromised patients,notably those with cell mediated immunity deficiency who are at risk for life threatening opportunistic infections or reactivation,T.gondii should be looked for Leukemic patients at least by routine serological test for early diagnosis and proper treatment of the patient may reduce the complications of infection and promote better prognosis. And Quantitative PCR is used to monitor PBMT patients at risk for T.gondii disease and for a timely start of preemptive therapy.
Clinical utility of urinary antigen test and molecular method for detection of Legionella pneumophila.
Authors: AbdulRahman Thana’a R
Published: April 2018

Legionella pneumophila is gram-negative bacterium which causes Legionnaires’ disease and Pontiac fever.To determine the frequency of serogroup 1 and other serogroup of Legionellapneumophila in pneumonic patients and the clinical utilityofLegionellapneumoniaurinary antigen test (LPUAT)in terms of sensitivity and specificity andcomparethe results with q Real Time PCR using serum samples. A total of 100 pneumonic patients were enrolled in this studyduring a period between October 2016 to April 2017; all patients under therapy with antibiotics.Serum and urine specimens were obtained from all patients; urine samples were processed for urinary antigen test. Serum samples were collected and submitted to DNA extraction for detection of L. pneumophila mip gene by q RT PCRassay. The percentage of L. pneumophila in two hospitals In Baghdad was 30%. Of these 26% was serogroup 1 detected by UAT. In the other hand, 23 % of samples were positive by q RT- PCR based mip gene,of these 19 % were serogroup 1 and 4% were other serogroups. The sensitivity of UAT is high (P value< 0.001), which means statistically highlysignificance than q RT PCR. Legionellapneumophila urinary antigen test is a rapid tool for early diagnosis of Legionella infection which highlights the need of using this test in hospitals and health institutions and there is a high prevalence of L.pneumophila in Iraqthat refer to the necessity of considering this microorganism point of view in future studies for detection and treatment in pneumonic patients.
Assessment of IL17BR serum concentration in females with benign & malignant breast tumors
Authors: Ali Alshawi Haider Abed
Published: April 2018

Breast cancer is one of the most dangerous and most common malignanciesamong women in the world, which affects different age groups of women, IL-17 plays an important role in chronic inflammation and cancer, Serum IL-17BR concentration which useful in early diagnosis and staging of breast tumors.The aim of the study was to evaluate of IL-17BR serum concentrations in patients with benign and malignant breast tumors and study the relation between the above parameter and breast cancer development. The study population was composed of 120 samples 24 patients with recently diagnosed breast carcinoma,6 patients with repetitive carcinoma,40 patients with benign breast tumor (fibroadenoma) and 50 normal apparently health woman as a control.ELISA technique was applied for estimation of IL-17BR levels in patients as well as apparently healthy volunteers of women. The results revealed the mean age of malignant breast females was 52.8 ± 12.3 (Mean ± SD),while it was 26.9 ± 8.3 years for women with benign tumor with highly significant difference(P<0.001),IL-17BR level was determined and found that was a highly significant difference in its level among benign breast females subjects (72.48 Ng/ μL) and healthy control (50.87 Ng/ μL) P< 0.001),no significant difference in the mean of sIL-17BR level among the different patients‘ groups (49.83,64.33 Ng/ μL) for recurrent and primary breast cancer respectively.Estimation of IL-17BR level showed significant elevation of the concentration among the sera of recurrent breast cancer in comparison with other groups which perhaps regarded as a prognostic marker.
The effect of some chemical materials against virulence factors of Candida ssp isolated from UTI patients
Authors: Hussein Mejbel Fatima Abdul
Published: April 2018

During the period from September 2016 to December 2017,135 urine samples were collected from urinary tract infection patients attending to AL-Zahraa Hospital in AL-Najaf Governorate. The present study was conducted to isolate and identify Candida spp. isolated from urinary tract infection patients by different methods including direct examination, laboratory culture, biochemical test and by modern techniques (Api Candida kit) and determine the virulence factors phenotypic to Candida spp which involved (biofilm formation,phospholipase and germ tube). The percentage of females to males was as following, female (84) 62.2 % (21) infected and male (51) 37.8% (1) infected with all age categories. The results in this study are explain that is some Candida spp. such as C. albicans, have high susceptible to eugenole follow by phenol and umbellulone. The efficiency of some chemical substances such as (eugenole,umbellulone, and phenol) was evaluated to inhibit the growth of Candida ssp as well as some virulence factors such as biofilm formation,germ tube and phospholipase,which were studied in this research. Statistically analysis results have been significance difference between the results of the substance concentrations and the concentrations of the different other substances.
Gene Polymorphism in Cysteine leukotriene Receptor type I among Asthmatic Patients
Authors: Al-Hilali Hammadi A , Al-Azawi IbtisamH , Hasan Ahmed Abbas
Published: April 2018

Asthma  is a heterogeneous disease, in which family of potent inflammatory lipid mediators called cysteine leukotrienes, these mediators bind specifically with cells surface receptors (G- proteins-coupled receptors) that include CysLT1.The genes polymorphism in cysteine leukotriene receptors 1 927 T/Chave been implicated in susceptibility to asthma. This study to analyze the different single nucleotide polymorphism and to determine whether there is an association between these polymorphisms and asthma development. The aim of this study is to investigates the polymorphism in CysLT1927 T/C genes and to determine whether there is an interaction and association between these polymorphisms and some parameters (total IgE,IL-5,Eosinophil )forasthma development in Iraqi asthmatic patient Blood samples were taken from one hundredprovedasthmatic patientswere theirages ranged between (15- 50) years from (Al-Hussein MedicalCity/Karbala).Control group consistof 60 healthy people free from signs and symptoms of Asthma whommatched in age and gender with patients,and have no history for any asthmaproblem. Total IgE and IL-5Euroimmun /Ggermen,PeprotechUKrespectively) where studied using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method andautomated blood cell counter (Sysmex XT-200i)for eosinophil counts,theCysLT1 927 T/C also studied by using RFLPPCR. T-test and ANOVA and Pearson correlation used to analyze results by using SPSS version 20. P-value ≤ 0.05 was considered significant.Total IgE, IL-5 levels and Eosinophil countswere increased significantly (p< 0.05) in patients compared with those ofcontrol group. Also significant abnormality and complication when compared with control groups, there regarding to CysLTR1 927A/T gene polymorphism were done by RFLP PCR there is no statistical difference between control and asthmatic patients. Also there are a statistically significant difference in serum IgE. serum IL-5 and blood eosinophil between each two groups depending on polymorphism incysteine leukotriene receptor 1 (CysLR1 972 T/C).There are a significantly correlation between total IgE,IL-5 levels and eosinophil countsand polymorphism incysteine leukotriene receptor 1 (CysLR1 972 T/C)in asthmatic patients. While gene polymorphism CysLTR1 927A/T showed nostatistical difference between control and asthmatic patients.
Lipid lowering potential and potentiation effect of curcumin and atorvastatin in-patient with hyperlipidemia
Authors: Amir Kadhim Sinaa Abdul , Azzawi Buthainah Al , Amir Kadhim Shaimaa Abdul , Jwad Ali
Published: April 2018

Hyperlipidemiais a term that refers to any of several acquired or genetic disorders that result in a high level of circulating lipids (fats, cholesterol and triglycerides). The condition can affect one fat protein or several. Most people will have no symptoms, with increasing the risk of developing heart problem. It has been found that oxidation processes play important role in developing lipids disorders. Curcumin is a phytochemical antioxidant substance may play a role in lowering lipids levels in the blood.This study was conducted to evaluate the lipid lowering effect of curcumin in Iraqi patients with hyperlipidemia and to study the potentiation effect on atorvastatin.From thosepatients who attendedMedical Clinic in Al-Diwanyiah Teaching Hospital,48 patients of 45-65 years old with diagnosed hyperlipidemia were enrolled in this study,they were divided randomlyinto four groups,12 patients in each. Base line assessment was done in form oflipid profile. 1stgroup was considered as placebo,2ndgroups received atorvastatin,3rd group received curcumin and 4th group received atorvastatin + curcumin. Reassessment was done after 2 months.Curcumin group shows significant reduction in TG (P ≤ o.o5), significant reduction of LDL in atorvastatin group (P≤ 0.05) and highly significant reduction in LDL,TG,and significant reduction in TC in patients received both atorvastatin + curcumin,with no significanteffects on HDL in all treated groups,compared to placebo.curcumin express lipid lowering activity and potentiate atorvastatin action in patient with hyperlipidemia.
A comparison study of the echocardiographic changes in hypertensive patients treated with Atenlolol vs. Telmisartan
Authors: Huseini Laith M Abbas Al , Hadi Najah R , Abdulzahra Mohammad S , Aubaidy Hayder A Al
Published: April 2018

Hypertensive patients possess a greater risk for cardiovascular complications. The introduction of different classes of antihypertensive drugs has led to a significant reduction in such events. However,the reversal of hypertension-induced cardiac dysfunction is variable among these drugs. In this study,we compared the effects of atenolol versus telmisartan on echocardiographic parameters in hypertensive patients. Eighty hypertensive patients (40 of them were on 100 mg atenolol once a day and the other 40 were on 80 mg telmisartan once a day monotherapy) and additional 40 healthy controls were enrolled in the study. Base-line echocardiographic scan was done at the start of the study and after 6 months of treatment including assessment of left ventricular systolic and diastolic function with assessment of left ventricular mass index,in addition to measurements of blood pressure,heart rate and double product. Both atenolol and telmisartan showed comparable statistically significant effects in reducing interventricular septal thickness and LV mass index. However,telmisartan produced more improvement in diastolic functional parameters,while both drugs didn’t demonstrate any changes in systolic functional parameters.Patients receiving telmisartan treatment had a better outcome,in regarding to impairment in cardiac diastolic function,comparing to atenolol treatment. Our findings highlight the differential effects of hypertension treatment regimens on variable cardiac functions that affect their clinical implications.
Simulation of the Hepatic Tumor Ablation
Authors: Hamza Naseer Hameed
Published: April 2018

Thermal radiofrequency is a promising technique for the therapy of liver tumors. This study aims to investigate the thermal effect, which –in case of excessive current – leads to thermal lesions in liver tissues. However, the thermal lesions and the mistakes occurred in positioning the trocar instrument in the correct and accurate place arise the need to simulate and prediction of the whole operation. By using COMSOL multiphysics package, the process of hepatic tumor ablation have been performed based on the work of S. Tungjitkusolmun and others. Results show that the blood which has a higher electrical conductivity,it attracts RF current from the RF probe. This causes the temperature in hepatic tissue between the electrode and the blood vessel to rise due to the joule effect. In addition, the flowing blood in the large vessel acts as a heat sink and dissipates thermal heat from the surrounding tissue.
The effectofterpenoid isolation from some plant against Aphis gossypii(Hemiptera:Aphidoidae)
Authors: Wathah Esraa Fadel , Marhoon Intedhar Abbas
Published: April 2018

The experiment was designed to study the effect of terpenoid compounds extracted from the leaves of four types of organum majorana,Mentha spp,Apium graveolens and Malva parviflora and concentrations (2.5,5,7.5,10,12.5) mg / ml and different exposure times (24,48 and 72) Treatment in nymphs and adult mortality rate for cotton insect. The results showed that the use of O. majorana extract with a concentration of 12.5 mg / ml recorded the highest mortality rate in both the nymph and adult stages and increased with increased exposure time. Followed by the extracts of Mentha spp,M. parviflora and A. gravelolens respectively.
Themicrorna-146boverexpression Helps To Differentiate Benign Nodules FromPapillary Thyroid Carcinoma.
Authors: Temimi Shoroq Mohammed AL , AL-Rekabi Adel Mosa
Published: April 2018

MicroRNA-146b is one of the widely studied microRNAs in thyroid cancers and has been shown to be frequently upregulated in papillary thyroid carcinoma and plays a crucial role in tumorigenesis, progression and may become a potential therapeutic target and biomarker of tumor diagnosis and prognosis. Estimation of microRNA-146b gene expression levels in fresh tissues of solitary thyroid nodulein comparison to normal adjacent tissue of same patients by using stem-loop follow by Taq-Man Real Time PCR (RT-PCR) technique to distinguish the benign nodule from papillary carcinoma and correlate with age, genderof patients,size of tumor,lymph node involvement and stage of tumors. Stem-loop Real time -PCR was performed to identify the level of microRNA-146b gene expression in fresh tissues of solitary thyroid nodule in comparison to normal adjacent tissues of same patients. The expression levels of microRNA-146b were normalized to housekeeping gene by using the livak method. The expression level of tissue microRNA-146b in papillary thyroid carcinoma cases was significantly higher than that benign cases and normal adjacent tissues. Receiver operating characteristic curve analyses indicated that use of tissue microRNA-146b have a high diagnostic sensitivity and specificity for papillary thyroid carcinomain correlated with nodal status and advance tumor- stage. The microRNA‑146b as a new novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarker forpapillary thyroid carcinoma.
Status of calcium homeostasis accompanied by anti- Mullerian hormone level in some primary infertile women in Babylon province
Authors: Ibraheem Noran Jameel , Hasan Manar Muhammad , Hasan Welaa Saleh
Published: April 2018

Ionized calcium represents the portion of total calcium and has biologically active; this study has been debated whether the calcium homeostasis status in correlated with anti-Mullerian hormone level how does influence on the reproductive ability in some pre-menopausal women. Eighty volunteer women non-smoking (20-35) years enrolled in this study,some of them (50 women) with primary infertility considered as study group,while the other 30 volunteer parous women considered as control group,non-fasting blood samples were taken from subjects during October 2015 till may 2016. ELISA kit was used to assay the serum level of anti-Mullerian and parathyroid hormone,whereas colorimetric method was used to determine serum total calcium,albumin and inorganic phosphorus,while ionized calcium is calculated by special equation depending on the total calcium and albumin level. Independent T-test analysis was used to determine any significant difference for investigated parameters between control and study group,linear regression analyses were in addition used to explore the association between ionized calcium and anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) level in both control and infertile groups.infertile group have significantly p<0.001 lower mean serum ionized calcium level (4.31±0.61mg/dl) than in the control group (5.57±0.45mg/dl) accompanied by significantly increase in parathyroid hormone level (94.2±32.2ng/dl) in study groupin comparison with control group where they showed (92.1±22.2 ng/dl) mean concentration,in addition those infertile women had higher significantly (p<0.05) albumin level compared with those in control group,in addition to that,mean serum phosphorus level showed a significantly higher (p<0.01) in study group compared with its level in the control group,however infertile women revealed significantly decrease mean level in anti-Mullerian hormone (2.59±1.38ng/dl)compared with the hormone level in the control group (4.33±1.00ng/dl).As such results of linear regression analyses revealed a significant positive correlation between ionized calcium concentration and AMH level (r=0.58,p=0.000,n=40) in control group, as well,there was a significant strong positive correlation was seen between serum ionized calcium and AMH level for the infertile group (r=0.70,p=0.000,n=50).any physiological process including reproductive ability may need in one way or another to calcium metal. So,it's necessary maintain the concentration of blood calcium within stable normal range to ensure the work of most biological system properly including reproductive capacity and any disturbance in calcium homeostasis may have been altered the ovarian reserve which may in turn,reduce reproductive capacity.
Prognostic Significance of IL-17,And IL-13 Along With IL-23R Gene Polymorphisms in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis in Iraqi Patients
Authors: Altamemi Ibrahim A , Alkhafaji Sally
Published: April 2018

Rheumatoid arthritis is a systemic disease with very complex pathogenesis and feature of chronic synovitis. The biological effect of polymorphism on expression and functionality of IL-23R such as SNP can have functional and phenotypic consequences that make Il-23R as a risk factor for RA disease. Moreover recently there is a new trends to find out a new noninvasive prognostic biomarker for RA disease which may help in fallowing up disease. Thus the aim of present work is to find out if there prognostic value for IL-13 and IL-17in Rheumatoid arthritis through linking its expression level with disease activity score (DAS). Also To study if there is a role for IL-23R 11209026 gene polymorphism in disease susceptibility in Iraqi community by using healthy volunteer as a control group. To achieve this goal a Case control study has been conducted on 40 patient and 40 matched apparently health control. serum IL-17 and IL-13 concentration were measure by enzyme Linked immunosorbent assay According to manufactural instruction,measurement of disease activity was determine according to DAS 28 Score.RFLP PCR was used to study SNP of IL-23R gene polymorphism for patient and control group. Data were summarized, presented and analyzed using statistical package for social science (SPSS version 23). Result of present study found there was significant association between serum IL-17 and IL-13 level and RA disease (P<0, 001; and P<0, 001respectively). Moreover,there is significant positive correlation between expression level of both IL-17 and IL-13 with DAS28 (0.044,and 0.034 respectively). According to Receptor operating Curve both of IL-17 and IL-13 found to have high specificity and sensitivity 100%. Regarding to IL-23 R gene polymorphism,there was no significant correlation between rs11209026 gene polymorphism and susceptibility to rheumatoid arthritis patients in Iraqi community. Thus,present study showed that the concentrations of IL-13 and IL-17 significantly correlated with disease severity and DAS 28 which reflect their prognostic value in RA. Moreover,present study demonstrated that there was no significant association between Il-23R gene rs11209026 polymorphism and susceptibility to RA in Iraqi population.
Influence of biosynthesized silver nanoparticles on keratinase activity and mycelialgrowth of dermatophytes
Authors: Hamadani Adnan Hamad Uobeed Al , Muhna Balsam Miri Mizher Al
Published: April 2018

Among different nanomaterial,the silver nanoparticles (SNPs) exhibited high antifungal potency compared with other types of nanoparticles (NPs),and this property is often very helpful,particularly against fungi resistant to conventional antifungal agents. However synthesis of SNPs can generate toxic waste during the preparation process. Accordingly,new technique using non-toxic routs have been researched for synthesis of SNPs using cell-free filtrate of Aspergillus niger and evaluate their effect against some dermatophytes spp.The proposal of our study was to biosynthesize SNPs using cell-free filtrate of Aspergillus niger as reducing agent. The characterization of biosynthesized SNPs were carried out by UV-Visible spectroscopy,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic analysis (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).The antifungal effect of the NPs against dermatophytes was also evaluated. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined by broth microdilution method. pherical NPs 15-50 nm in size were obtained.The biosynthesized SNPs exerted pronounced morphological alteration in the fungal mycelia.Additionally,the inhibition of keratinase activity of the tested dermatophytes was also recorded.The results indicate that SNps can be synthesized in ecofriendly,inexpensive and promising technique by fungal strain of A.niger,and it has considerable antifungal activity comparison with other antifungal drugs.
Effect of NRAMP1 Gene Polymorphism on levels of(TNF-α and IL-1β) cytokinesin Cutaneous Leishmaniasis patients in Iraq
Authors: Alomashi Ghada B , Khudhur Hasan R
Published: April 2018

Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is vector-borne disease, and endemic in most regions of Iraq specially with poor populations. Natural resistance associated macrophage protein 1 (NRAMP1) gene play a essential role in susceptibility to CL and disease pathology, NRAMP1 influences aproduction and activation of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-1β). Pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines play a essential role in susceptibility/ resistance and the immunopathogenesis of Leishmania infection, these cytokines are crucial factors in the initiationand enhances of protective immunity against Leishmania infection, this study aimed to studding effect of polymorphism in NRAMP1 genes on cytokines secretion, and their effect in susceptibility to CL infection. Samples of blood were collected from (60) patients with CL and (32) apparently healthy controls. Polymorphism of NRAMP1 (D543N) detected in patients and control groups by PCR-RFLP technique. While (TNF-α and IL-1β) cytokine concentration detected by ELIS technique using a quantitative sandwich enzyme immunoassay technique.indicate to effect of NRAMP1 Gene Polymorphism on levels of(TNF-α and IL-1β) cytokines and this a clearly recorded in present study were A allele is associated with lower levels of(TNF-α and IL-1β)in patients and control groups compression to that absorbed in allele Gwith statically significant (P ≤ 0.05).
Synthesis and Characterization of New Ligand Derived from Benzimidazole and It's Complexes with Some Transition Metals
Authors: Jamel Hayder Obaid , Al-Obaidi Najat jawad
Published: April 2018

This work includes preparation of the new ligand 5- (1-benzoimidazol-2-ylamino)-1, 3, 4-thiadiazole-2-thiol (BIATT) by the reaction of 5-Amino-2-thio-1, 3, 4-thiadiazole with 2-mercaptobenzoimidazole by refluxin 1, 4-dioxane as solvent. The metal complexes of the ligand were prepared with metals chlorides of Co (II), Ni (II), Cu (II), Zn (II) and Cd (II) in ethanol as solvent. The ligand (L) and its metal complexes have been characterized by elemental analysis (C.H.N.),IR,1H-NMR and UV­- Vis. spectra, magnetic susceptibility measurements ,molar conductivity, melting points and atomic absorption. The metal-ligand ratio was determined by mole ratio method.The suggested structures for the Co (II), Ni (II) and Cu (II) complexes are octahedral geometry andfor the Zn (II) and Cd (II) complex are tetrahedral geometry.
Molecular Investigation of hemolytic phospholipase C Encoding Genes in Clinical Isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Saleh Rasha Hadi , Naher Habeeb S , Al-saadi Mohammed AK
Published: April 2018

This study is aimed to isolate P.aeruginosa from different clinical cases and to detect the prevalence of virulence genes encoding hemolytic phospholipase C(plcH)in these clinical isolates. In this study a total of 422 clinical samples including burn,wound,ear,urine,abscess and stool were aseptically taken from out- and inpatients who admitted into two hospitals in Hilla City (Teaching Al-Hilla Hospital and Babylon Hospital for Maternity and children during a period of three months. All samples were subjected to bacterial cultivation for the isolation of P.aeruginosa. The isolated P.aeruginosa was diagnosed depended on morphological,biochemical and molecular standard characteristics. Hemolytic phospholipase Cencoding genes(plcH) were detected by PCR and the amplification products were separated in 1% agarose gels containing ethidium bromide. Out of 422 samples,P.aeruginosa was isolated from 54 samples (12.8%). The distribution of these isolates were: 22 (55%) from burn samples,2; (50%) from diabitics foot samples,8 (14.8%) from wound samples, 8 (32%) from ear samples,3 (11%) from abscess samples, 7 (4%) from stool samples,4 (4%) from urine samples and 0 sputum samples. The genotypic properties of hemolytic phospholipase C (plcH )toxins was detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The results of this study revealed that(plcH )gene found in 13/20 (65%)of isolates.
Correlation between serum ferritin level, cardiac and hepatic T2-star MRI in patients with β-thalassemia major in Al-Diwaniya thalassemia center
Authors: Al-Shibany Alaa Mutter Jabur , AL-Zamili AalanHadi
Published: April 2018

Patients with transfusion dependent thalassemia major is often associated with iron overload. Proper use of iron chelators to treat iron overload requires an accurate measurement of iron levels. Magnetic resonance T2-star (T2* MRI) is the preferred method to measure iron level in the liver andthe heart. The goal of our study was to see if there is an association exists between serum ferritin level and T2* MRI results in patients with beta thalassemia major.This study was done in Al-Diwaniya Thalassemia center,Maternity and children teaching hospital,Iraq. During the period from 1st of January to 31st of October. Fifty eight patients with a diagnosis of beta thalassemia major were enrolled in the study. They were older than five years old,transfusion dependent and on chelation therapy. Hepatic and Myocardial T2*MRI and the mean serum ferritin levels were measured during the study period for all patients.There is a significant correlation was observed between serum ferritin level and cardiac T2*MRI (p=0.018 ). also a significant correlation was observed between serum ferritin and hepatic T2*MRI (p=0.02). Neither cardiac T2* MRI nor hepatic T2* MRI show any correlation with the mean age.our study also showa positive correlation between the patients withcardiac T2* MRI and the development of diabetes mellitus in contrast to hepatic T2* MRI in which there is no any correlation. Hypothyroidism was observedno correlation with either cardiac or hepatic T2* MRI.Our results showed a positiveassociation between hepatic, cardiac T2*MRI and serum ferritin levels.
Patterns of acute poisoning among children admitted tomaternity and children,teaching hospital,Al Diwaniyah city,Iraq
Authors: Hussein Adel J
Published: April 2018

Acute poisoning,a common pediatric emergency,is one of the important causes of morbidity and mortality in children,especially in developing countries. The patterns of poisoning usually differ from country to country and from province to another within the same country.The purpose of this study was to clarify the characteristics of acute chemical and drug poisoning cases admitted to the emergency department (ED)of maternity and children,teaching hospital in Al- Diwaniyah city and to compare poisoning characteristics between different age groupsin the region. A review of medical records of 125 poisoningcases under 7 years of age, except for cases of food poisoning,snake bite,scorpion stings and cases with incomplete data were not included in this study,presenting to the Emergency Department (ED) during 2016 were determined.The mean age of all poisoned patients (mean ± standard deviation) was 2.26 ± 0.750.One hundred and twenty five children,forming 2.2% (125/5494) of total emergency unit admissions of all patients,were under seven years of age. Slightly more boys 71 (56.8%) than girls 54 (43.2%) were intoxicated with the male to female ratio of 1.3:1. The majority of all cases were due to accidental poisoning. In patients younger than one year of age 23 (18.4%),of all poisonings were due to therapeutically error,1 – 3 year 47 (37.6%),4 – 7 year 55 (44%). Chemical agents (58.4%) mostly kerosene (30.1%),agriculturalpesticides/insecticides (19.1%),were the most frequent offending agent,followed by drugs comprised (41.6%),mostly due to Cold and cough medication (15.3%),The vast majority of these materials was stored in non-original containers,These drugs were available at home,being used either by the child or the parents and grandparents.The most common route of poisoning was ingestion of the poison (118 patients; 94.4%) and most were ingested inside the house (73.6%). No deaths were reported. There were obvious seasonal variations and most cases were admitted during in summer (42.4%) and spring (29.6%). Patients from rural areas (57.6%) were more than the patients from the urban areas (42.4%). Effective health promotional programs for parents regarding poisoning hazards are needed to increase the awareness and reduce the incidence of poisoning among children in our region in addition correct dealing with the chemical materials. A relationship exists between the parents’ level of education and the occurrence of pediatric poisoning particularly mothers. Since the level of education in this study was lower in the mothers and for mothers are those Who take primary care of children at home; they should be educated regarding care and prevention of lethal injuries to their children at home.
Scope on Medication Errors during Pregnancy ina Sample Iraqi Two Cities Samawah & Diwania.
Authors: Mohammad Bassim I , Abass Naryman Aziz , Juail Ali Salman
Published: April 2018

The pregnancy is sensitive period and administration of drugs may lead to threating of fetus life or cause malformations teratogenicity etc. A cross-sectional study of medication errors of 100 prescriptions dispensed to a pregnant women in a sample of Iraqi two cities (Sammawa & Diwania) during October,2016. The total number of medication errors identified was 364 (74%),included 110 irrational & inappropriate prescribing,47 over prescribing,19 under prescribing,and 8 ineffective prescribing errors. The drug interactions were classified to drug-drug interactions 126 interactions identified and drug food interactions 54 interactions was recorded. 0.8 % of all interactions was major,76 % moderate and 23% mild. Luminal (Phenobarbital) is the drug that caused the most of medication error that identified as it dispensed 23 times but all of these patient luminal was irrational and inappropriate and it caused the most of interactions recorded as 44 interactions was caused by luminal. While duphaston (Dydrogesterone) was prescribed 21 times,and this considered as irrational & inappropriate prescribing. Duvadilane (isoxsuprine) prescribed irrationally 17 times. The parenteral iron administered without sensitivity test nor calculating the dose depending on the body weight and blood Hb.Most of antibiotics and antifungal prescribed for incorrect duration or dose. The other errors were related to other drugs duration,dose and indication errors. Percentage of medication errors were high. Types of medication errors were mostly drug-drug interaction,irrational and inappropriate use. The impact of these medication errors may include teratogenic effect.
Inter-individual variability in clopidogrel inhibition effect on platelet aggregation
Authors: Sahib Hussein Ali , Mohammed Bassim Irhiem , Majid Ban A. Abdul
Published: April 2018

Despite the unmistakable beneficial effect of clopidogrel on platelet aggregation,still there are some patient poorly responds to clopidogrel that may lead to worse cardiovascular clinical events.One hundred and twenty seven patients with cardiovascular disease (ACS,stroke,or TIA) were enrolled as a study group. Patients were recruited at coronary care unit (CCU) of Al-Yarmouk Teaching Hospital. Paletlet assessment was done by using light transmission aggregometry. between the patients that enrolled in this study there are significant inter-individual variability both skewness and Kurtosis were negative (-0.450,-0.130) respectively. 24% of patient enrolled in this study were hyporesponder.
Evaluation of the anti-inflammatory effect of telmisartan as an adjuvant therapy to nsaid in the management of knee osteoarthritis; a clinical prospective study
Authors: Mohammed Mohammed M
Published: April 2018

Osteoarthritis (OA)is a degenerative joint disease caused by gradual loss of cartilage. Telmisartan is an Angiotensin II receptor antagonist,and act as a partial agonist on the nuclear peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-γ),that has been reported to exert anti-inflammatory effects. This study was designed to evaluate the potential anti-inflammatory effect oftelmisartan in patients with knee OA.42 patients with painful knee OA were allocated into 2 groups,group (1): patients treated with naproxen tablets (500 mg/12 hr),telmisartan tablets (40 mg/day) and omeprazole (20 mg/day) for 3 months,while group (2): patients treated with naproxen tablets (500 mg/12hr) and omeprazole (20 mg/day) for 3 months. The serum levels of IL-1β,high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP),TNF-α anderythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) were measured before and after 3 months of treatment.Telmisartan when used in combination with naproxen resulted in significant decrease in serum levels of IL-1β and hs-CRP,higher than that produced by naproxen when used alone. The mean TNF-α level and ESR was decreased non-significantly in both study groups. Administration of telmisartan as an adjuvant therapy to naproxen in knee OA patients produced a significant decrease in the serum levels of IL-1β and hs-CRP,though no clear effect on TNF-α and ESR was noticed after 3 months treatment. Accordingly,many promising preventive strategies emerged from the available results since telmisartan relatively reduce the inflammatory burden in OA patients.
Identification a potential therapeutic target in castrate resistance prostate cancer by using microarray
Authors: Shekhan Massar Ibrahim
Published: April 2018

The androgen receptor (AR) has a crucial role in the proliferation and progression of prostate cancer. anti-androgen therapy is used in the early stage of the disease and the patients respond well,howevera significant number of patients eventually will develop resistance,entering a castrate-resistant state,with very poor prognosis,which is a major clinical challenge at the moment. Enzalutamide,have shown potential in the treatment of CRPC patients,but response is just 50% and the development of resistance to these are challenging clinic. This study aims to investigate the whole genomic expression of LNCaP prostate cancer cell line model,compared to resistant to Enzalutamide model. TROP-2 demonstrates high expression in Enzalutamide resistant cells in our gene microarray,which mightsuggest TROP-2 may serve as a biomarker of resistance. The preliminary data reveal an increase in expression of TROP-2 in the LNCaP-Enz-R cell line model,compared with parental LNCaP cell,at both the protein and mRNA levels. siRNA againstTROP-2 led a decreases in a proliferation and cell cycle progression of the LNCaP-Enz-R cell line,whereas no significant difference was noticed in the parental,androgen sensitive LNCaP cell line. In addition,Knockdown of TROP-2 decrease migration of LNCaP-Enz-R cell line significantly,while no effect was observed in parental LNCaP cell
Descriptive study for neonatal death in neonatal care unit in maternity and children teaching hospital in Aldiwaniah, Iraq
Authors: Wannas Abd Abdulaziz , Mohammed Mahmood Jasim
Published: April 2018

Of the estimated 130 million infants born each year worldwide,1 4 million die in the first 28 days of life. Three-quarters of neonatal deaths occur in the first week, and more than one-quarter occur in the first 24 hours.1,2 Neonatal deaths account for 40% of deaths under the age of 5 years worldwide. This study was descriptive-analytical prospective one and the population of the study included all infants hospitalized in NICU of maternity and children teaching hospital in aldiwaniah governorate from first of  September 2013  to the end  of august 2014.  About 1644 neonate  patients was  admitted to the neonatal care unit directly either from the labor room or from the operation room and the neonate only in contact with health personnel ; from those we study all  193  hospitalized neonates that  died due to different causes. In this study, of 1466 neonates , were hospitalized in NICU (neonatal intensive care unit ) in maternity and children teaching hospital from first of  September  2013 through  august  2014 ;  from which 193 ( 13.1%  )cases were died . A total of 193infants died in the hospital form which 64.25%  were male and ( 35.75% )of them were female. ; 36.8% of them were full term  and 63.2 % were premature . the most common cause of the neonatal death were the RDS (respiratory distress syndrome) 93 (48.1%) and the second most common cause were the complication of prematurity other than the RDS which form55( 28.4%  ). The birth asphyxia, congenital anomalies and sepsis represent 15 ( 7.7 %  ),  8 (4.1%) , 11 ( 5.6% ) respectively. the meconium aspiration syndrome mainly in postmature infant represent about 9 (4.6 % )and miscellaneous causes( hydrops fetalis and intraventriculer haemorrhage and congenital heart disease ) was 3  ( 1.5 %) .  The common cause of neonatal death was sever immaturity with its complications and mainly the respiratory distress syndrome. Almost the death occur in premature and LBW babies. We can prevent of born these babies by high quality prenatal care. The study proves the relations between certains maternal and neonatal factors and neonatal mortality; since low-weight premature infants are at more risk of dying in infancy, it is suggested that pregnant mothers should be placed under the required cares to avoid the birth of premature infants as possible.
HEURISTIC AND THINK ALOUD TO EVALUATE USABILITY OF ACADEMIC INFORMATION SYSTEM
Authors: Wicaksono Satrio Agung , Rokhmawati Retno Indah , Saputra Mochamad Chandra , Setiawan Raden Arief
Published: April 2018

Academic Information System is an essential system in performing academic activities. Universitas Brawijaya are using Academic Information System named SIAKAD-UB. SIAKAD-UB is an information systems that deal with all kinds of student details and academic related reports. SIAKAD-UB encountered many problems along with the growth of data. This study aims to discover factor impact on problems of interface usability found in existing SIAKAD-UB using Heuristic Evaluation and Think Aloud method. This study involving 3 experts and 3 operators with the purpose of the evaluation received input from the experts and users. The result of experiment are find 3 problem heuristic with score 0 which mean no usability problem, 7 problem heuristic with score 1 which mean medium priority refinement, 7 problem heuristic with score 2 which mean low priority refinement, 7 problem heuristic with score 3 which mean high priority refinement. Heuristic evaluation and think aloud find 7 aspect refinement are Visibility of system status, Match between system and the real world, User control and freedom, Consistency and standards, Recognition rather than recall, Flexibility and efficiency of use, Help and documentation.
CLASSIFICATION OF BATIK LAMONGAN BASED ON FEATURES OF COLOR, TEXTURE AND SHAPE
Authors: Sholihin Miftahus
Published: April 2018

Classification aims to classify object into specific classes based on the value of the attribute associated with the object being observed. In this research designed a system that serves to classify Lamongan batik cloth based on color features using color moment, texture using Gray Level Co-occurence Matrix (GLCM), and shape using moment invariant, classification using K-Nearest Neighbors (K-NN) method. In outline the system was built consists of three main processes namely pre-processing, feature extraction, and classification. The highest accuracy rate in this study was 90.4% when the value of k = 6.