bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Understanding Newton’s cradle. II: exploring a real cradle
Authors: Cross Rod , Gauld Colin
Published: December 2020

Newton’s cradle is a well-known physics toy that is commonly used by teachers to demonstrate conservation laws in mechanics. It can also be used to investigate the physics of colliding objects, by recording motion of the balls on video film. Various experiments are described using 3-ball and 5-ball cradles, showing how different types of collision can be investigated depending on whether the balls are touching or separated. The sequence of collisions was examined as a function of time, with the surprising observation that very small gaps between the balls, invisible on video film, make a significant difference to the collision dynamics. Additional experiments illustrate the effects of changes in ball stiffness and the mass of the middle ball and provide an introduction for students and teachers into possible research projects. Each experiment is illustrated with a supplementary video.
An ultrathin-barrier AlGaN/GaN heterostructure: a recess-free technology for the fabrication and integration of GaN-based power devices and power-driven circuits
Authors: Huang Sen , Wang Xinhua , Liu Xinyu , Sun Qian , Chen Kevin J
Published: December 2020

An AlGaN-recess-free, ultrathin-barrier (UTB) AlGaN (<6 nm)/GaN heterostructure is presented for the fabrication and integration of AlGaN/GaN enhancement/depletion-mode (E/D-mode) heterojunction field-effect transistors (HFETs), and metal–insulator-semiconductor HFETs (MIS-HFETs). The 2D electron gas in the access region of the UTB-AlGaN/GaN (MIS)HFETs can effectively be recovered by a low-pressure chemical-vapor-deposited SiNx passivation layer (LPCVD-SiNx), which is capable of introducing about 2.75 × 1013 cm−2 positive fixed charges at the LPCVD-SiNx/(Al)GaN interface. LPCVD-SiNx can also serve as a good gate insulator for D-mode MIS-HFETs. Using the self-terminating etching of LPCVD-SiNx on III-nitride as well as a low-damage remote plasma pretreatment, high uniformity E-mode HFETs and low-hysteresis E-mode MIS-HFETs have been fabricated using the GaN-on-Si platform. E/D-mode MIS-HFET inverters with a large logic swing have also been demonstrated on this platform. The UTB-AlGaN/GaN heterostructure is an attractive technology platform for the on-chip integration of power and RF devices with power-driven circuits for GaN-based smart power integrated circuits.
A design framework for actively crosslinked filament networks
Authors: Fürthauer Sebastian , Needleman Daniel J , Shelley Michael J
Published: December 2020

Living matter moves, deforms, and organizes itself. In cells this is made possible by networks of polymer filaments and crosslinking molecules that connect filaments to each other and that act as motors to do mechanical work on the network. For the case of highly cross-linked filament networks, we discuss how the material properties of assemblies emerge from the forces exerted by microscopic agents. First, we introduce a phenomenological model that characterizes the forces that crosslink populations exert between filaments. Second, we derive a theory that predicts the material properties of highly crosslinked filament networks, given the crosslinks present. Third, we discuss which properties of crosslinks set the material properties and behavior of highly crosslinked cytoskeletal networks. The work presented here, will enable the better understanding of cytoskeletal mechanics and its molecular underpinnings. This theory is also a first step toward a theory of how molecular perturbations impact cytoskeletal organization, and provides a framework for designing cytoskeletal networks with desirable properties in the lab.
Coherence protection and decay mechanism in qubit ensembles under concatenated continuous driving
Authors: Wang Guoqing , Liu Yi-Xiang , Cappellaro Paola
Published: December 2020

Dense ensembles of spin qubits are valuable for quantum applications, even though their coherence protection remains challenging. Continuous dynamical decoupling can protect ensemble qubits from noise while allowing gate operations, but it is hindered by the additional noise introduced by the driving. Concatenated continuous driving (CCD) techniques can, in principle, mitigate this problem. Here we provide deeper insights into the dynamics under CCD, based on Floquet theory, that lead to optimized state protection by adjusting driving parameters in the CCD scheme to induce mode evolution control. We experimentally demonstrate the improved control by simultaneously addressing a dense nitrogen-vacancy (NV) ensemble with 1010 spins. We achieve an experimental 15-fold improvement in coherence time for an arbitrary, unknown state, and a 500-fold improvement for an arbitrary, known state, corresponding to driving the sidebands and the center band of the resulting Mollow triplet, respectively. We can achieve such coherence time gains by optimizing the driving parameters to take into account the noise affecting our system. By extending the generalized Bloch equation approach to the CCD scenario, we identify the noise sources that dominate the decay mechanisms in NV ensembles, confirm our model by experimental results, and identify the driving strengths yielding optimal coherence. Our results can be directly used to optimize qubit coherence protection under continuous driving and bath driving, and enable applications in robust pulse design and quantum sensing.
Theoretical studies on the elastic scattering of e± off the ions of xenon isonuclear series
Authors: Khandker Mahmudul H , Billah M Masum , Watabe Hiroshi , Haque A K F , Uddin M Alfaz
Published: December 2020

This work presents the calculations of differential, integrated elastic and momentum transfer cross sections for the elastic scattering of electrons from the ions of xenon isonuclear series over the incident energy range 1 eV–1000 eV. Coulomb glory, the amplification of elastic backscattering of electrons from positive ions owing to the electrostatic screening of nuclear potential by atomic electrons, is investigated throughout the ionic series of xenon, argon and neon. Cross sections for the angular distribution of elastically scattered positron from selected xenon ions are also calculated. Energy dependency of differential cross sections and Sherman functions are predicted for both the projectiles and a comparison is presented to exhibit the dissimilarity arising out of the difference of the interactions of the projectiles with ions. The theoretical methodology of this work employs the Dirac relativistic partial wave analysis using a complex optical potential, comprising static, exchange, polarization and imaginary components, and a pure Coulomb potential. The results obtained show reasonable agreements with the available experimental data and other theoretical calculations.
The simulate of the stratification of an explosive mixture of hydrogen and air in the RBMK-1000 spent-fuel storage pool
Authors: Osipov A M , Bragin E U , Prochorenkov S V , Tupotilov I A
Published: December 2020

Currently, in Russia, codes with concentrated parameters are used as software tools to justify the hydrogen explosion safety of nuclear power units, which use the concept of “average concentration of hydrogen” in the calculated volume and do not take into account the stratification of hydrogen, due to which local concentrations of hydrogen can significantly exceed the “average”. This paper presents the hydrogen explosion safety analysis results during a beyond-design accident in the RBMK-1000 spent-fuel storage pool taking into account local concentrations of gas components using the gas dynamic code ANSYS FLUENT. The vapor-gas mixture propagation problem in the spent-fuel storage pool was solved in a two-dimensional approximation. The following sources of hydrogen were considered radiolysis hydrogen generation, hydrogen generation by reducing its solubility in water and the vapor-zirconium reaction. As a result of modeling, the possible accumulation areas of an explosive mixture and their sizes were determined. It is shown that under certain combinations of boundary conditions, due to the presence of convective flows, an explosive concentration is not achieved even if the mixture components stratification is taken into account.
Modernization of the CHAIN code for fission gas release calculation
Authors: Smirnova A K , Krayushkin A V
Published: December 2020

The issue of a quantitative assessment of the fission products release from the fuel is one of the important part of the analysis of the radiation consequences of accidents. In the reactor fission products that accumulate as a result of the fission reaction are contained within the fuel elements. The article discusses the modification of the CHAIN code for the calculation of the isotopic composition of the fuel, which was added a subroutine calculating the fission gas release from the fuel. The subroutine is based on the diffusion equation, the modification of which makes it possible to take into account the release of radionuclides from uranium dioxide of fuel elements. The coefficients in the diffusion equation were selected experimentally. The results of the calculations for two verification tests of the modified code are also presented. Comparisons of the calculation results of the code were carried out for emergency fuel heating and during normal operation of the reactor.
Comparison of the operation of the equations of the surface harmonics method and the finite difference method in the test problem
Authors: El’shin A V , Koreshkova A U , Makovets A K
Published: December 2020

Currently, one of the main methods of neutron-physical calculation of the reactor is the homogenization method, in which after obtaining effective small-group characteristics of cells, the heterogeneous core, in fact, turns into a piecewise homogeneous one. To find the distribution of neutrons in such a zone, the diffusion equation is solved by finite-difference (or nodal) methods. One of the methods justifying this approach is the surface harmonics method (SHM), which in the initial period of its development acted as a justification and refinement of the homogenization method. In the simplest versions of the SHM, the resulting finite-difference equations are reduced to a form similar to the finite-difference approximation of the diffusion equation. It is interesting to compare in the simplest cases the advantages and disadvantages of a simple finite-difference approximation of the diffusion equation and the finite-difference equations obtained using SHM. An analytical comparison is made using the example of two-dimensional geometry. To do this, the paper briefly describes how to obtain equations in SHM.
Advanced Nuclear Security Program at The Joint Institute for Power and Nuclear Research - Sosny
Authors: Korbut T , Zenevich V , Kravchenko M , Bobkova M , Zubets I
Published: December 2020

The Republic of Belarus is a participant in global efforts for nuclear non-proliferation, ensuring the preservation of nuclear materials and countering nuclear terrorism. In accordance with the Decree of the President of the Republic of Belarus No. 124 dated March 29, 2011, the Joint Institute for Power and Nuclear Research – Sosny of National Academy of Science of Belarus is the operator (operating organization) of a number of critical and subcritical nuclear facilities, radiation installations and fresh nuclear fuel storage, containing highly enriched uranium fuel. A nuclear security culture is an important necessary constituent of the nuclear and radiation security. The authors of this paper will report on the approach the Institute is taking in regard to advancing nuclear security program, what are the Institute’s goals and objectives, and what steps are being taken to support effective the physical protection system at the Scientific Institution “JIPNR - Sosny” and another operating organization in the Republic of Belarus. The range of measures aimed at reducing the likelihood of internal violators activity, early detection of potential internal violators and preventing from causing harm are presented.
Possibilities of Better Utilization of MOX fuel in VVER type reactors by optimizing neutron spectrum
Authors: Abuqudaira T M , Stogov Y V
Published: December 2020

The introduction of MOX fuel in modern nuclear fuel cycles has posed attention in all leading nuclear countries. However, the introduction of plutonium in the fuel loading in light water reactors has neutron-physical limitations. Improve the consumption of plutonium in MOX fuels is one of the important issues that have to be studied to decrease the risk of proliferation resistance. The impact of varying neutron spectrum on the discharged plutonium was studied through the variation of the fuel pellets diameter in a VVER type MOX fuel assembly without changing the lattice pitch. Neutronic calculations were performed using: MCU, Serpent, and GETERA codes. It was shown that the neutron spectrum plays a dominant role in the consumption and production of nuclides. Also, the usage of assemblies with high moderator to fuel volume ratio burned higher amounts of fissile plutonium in comparison with assemblies with low moderator to fuel volume ratio.
Physical aspects for involvement of thermonuclear reactors into nuclear power systems
Authors: Kulikov G G , Shmelev A N , Apse V A , Kulikov E G
Published: December 2020

The paper analyzes a possibility to involve hybrid thermonuclear reactors into the existing nuclear power systems. The possibility is related with production of non-traditional nuclear fuel in thorium blanket of hybrid thermonuclear reactors on D-T plasma. Non-traditional peculiarity of such a fuel consists in significant amounts of some non-traditional isotopes, namely231Pa and232U, together with traditional uranium isotope233U in the fuel. High-energy (14.1 MeV) thermonuclear neutrons can provide accumulation of significant231Pa and232U quantities through threshold (n,2n) and (n,3n) reactions. The promising features of the non-traditional fuel composition for nuclear power thermal reactors, basic component of the existing world-wide nuclear power industry, are defined by the following factors. As is known, 233U is able to provide more economical neutron balance in thermal reactors than235U and reactor-grade plutonium. The better neutron balance can result in higher values of the fuel breeding ratio and, as a consequence, in relaxation of the thermal reactors fuel self-sustainability problem. Isotopes231Pa and232U, being fertile and moderate fissionable nuclides, are able to stabilize time-dependent evolution of the thermal reactors power, prolong the thermal reactors lifetime through higher values of the fuel burn-up. Isotope232U, being intense α-emitter, is able to prevent any attempts for unauthorized usage of233U in nuclear explosive devices, i.e.232U can strengthen regime of nuclear non-proliferation. Thus, the hybrid thermonuclear reactors on D-T plasma with thorium blanket can be involved into nuclear power systems for generation of non-traditional, very promising fuel compositions for traditional nuclear power reactors.
Spatial-temporal characteristics of temperature fluctuations of turbulent fluid flow and velocity measurements based on them
Authors: Sardov PA , Belavina E A , Belyaev I A
Published: December 2020

The paper describes the temperature cross-correlation velocimetry method applied to flows of water or liquid metal. The technique allows us to measure temperature waveforms and averaged longitudinal velocity in a flow simultaneously. This approach is a simple and reliable method for measuring the velocity in flows of opaque coolants. At the same flow parameters, liquids of different origins provide non-similar spatial-temporal characteristics having a different impact on the applicability of the temperature correlation method. This work is devoted to the development of practical methods allowing to form a set of specific recommendations on the application of the technique of temperature correlation velocimetry and to determine the metrological characteristics of the technique in various conditions. Calibration was carried out using water and mercury as a model liquid. Used experimental facility and measuring system are described, accompanied by a detailed description of the developed temperature-correlation sensor. Measuring directly from within a flow is made possible by a unique micro thermocouple immersion probes technique. Data obtained are presented as fields of temperature and intensity of temperature fluctuations. Autocorrelation and cross-correlation functions are compared and analysed for two studied fluids under identical conditions.
Determining the critical concentration of boric acid and the time of its onset when reaching to minimum controllable power for VVER
Authors: Al-Shamayleh A I , Solovyov D A , Semyonov A A , Shcukin N V , Djaroum B , Tanash H A , Molev I A
Published: December 2020

Startup to minimum controllable power level (criticality approach) is one of the most hazardous nuclear operations during operation. In particular, the spontaneous and unauthorized startup to minimum controllable power is very dangerous, and it occurs as a result of some technological operations or changes in technological regimes. Currently, there are codes for neutron-physical calculations at NPPs with VVER, such as reactor simulator (IR) and BIPR-7A. These codes calculate the boric acid critical concentration without relying on excore ionization detectors data, which may result in inaccuracies in determining the critical concentration. In addition, feeding the primary circuit with clean condensate must be stopped at least 15 minutes before is reached, and these codes do not calculate the time to reach the critical state. As a result, the idea arose to develop a code that would predict the time to reach the critical state and the critical concentration of boric acid only using the measuring equipment readings without reliance on additional calculations.
Modeling of BN-600 Hybrid Core Benchmark (HEX-Z) with MCU-PTR and SERPENT 2
Authors: Bahdanovich R B , Abu Sondos M A , Kaprinayova K , Farkas G , Tikhomirov G V
Published: December 2020

For the computational support of innovative projects it is necessary to use high-fidelity codes, which must be verified and validated. In Russia, MCU and SERPENT codes are widely used. The MCU code was previously chosen as the ‘Proryv’ project code. Both of these codes are used for calculation of fast reactors, although they are certified for thermal reactors. Therefore, there is a need to show how accurately they allow calculating the characteristics of fast reactors. For cross-verification of these codes, the main characteristics of the benchmark of BN-600 reactor with a hybrid core were calculated: neutron multiplication factors, reactivity coefficients, distribution of energy release over zones, reaction rates. The values of the neutron multiplication factors for various states of the model obtained with the MCU-PTR are systematically higher than the values obtained with the SERPENT 2 (for majority of the states by 0.4%). The values of the reactivity coefficients have the same sign, however, difference between both codes can reach 160% and if compared with the benchmark – 181%. For the majority of reactivity coefficients this compares with the distribution of the results presented in the benchmark. The MCU results are closer to the benchmark than the Serpent ones.
Hydraulic resistance of an annular channel with a rectangular roughness on the wall
Authors: Medgedem S , Korsun A S , Fedoseev V N , Pisarevskii M I , Pisarevskaya Y N
Published: December 2020

This paper provides a brief overview of approaches to calculating the hydraulic resistance coefficient of a channel with rough walls and describes their advantages and disadvantages. One of the most popular engineering approaches is based on integral characteristics. By the influence of roughness, the logarithmic velocity profile changes, which is fully described by the second constant. It determines the interaction of a turbulent flow with a rough wall. Its numerical value depends on a large number of factors, such as geometry of the roughness protrusion, the dimensionless height of the protrusion, its shape, angle of attack, and so on. Getting a generalized dependence of this kind is an actual task of rough channel hydraulics. In this paper, the second constant of the logarithmic velocity profile is numerically calculated using turbulence models. A symmetric model of a developed turbulent flow in an annular channel with a rectangular roughness on the wall is implemented. Roughness was applied to the surface of the rod, the inner surface of the pipe was smooth. The result of numerical simulation was the obtained velocity profile, which was used to determine the numerical value of the second constant. The obtained results are satisfactory agreement with the experimental data.
Increasing burn-up of KLT-40S fuel by introduction of neptunium
Authors: Baatar T , Glazkov O V
Published: December 2020

A floating nuclear power plant (FNPP) is one of the varieties of small nuclear power plants. Among mobile small nuclear power plants, floating power units with KLT-40S reactors, developed on the basis of reactor technologies already mastered in nuclear shipbuilding, deserve special attention. The involvement of protactinium and neptunium in the fuel compositions can significantly increase fuel burn-up in light-water reactor. The chains of nuclide transformations, starting with protactinium and neptunium, are characterized by a gradual improvement of the multiplying properties, which ensures an increased fuel burn-up. Due to limited reserves of protactinium and neptunium, their use in large-scale nuclear power plants may not proper. In this paper, the use of neptunium (as a more accessible material compared to protactinium) as burnable absorber in order to increase burn-up of KLT-40S fuel is considered. For neutron-physics calculations, GETERA and SKETCH-N software packages are used. Particular attention is paid to ensuring favourable values of fuel and coolant temperature reactivity coefficients.
Modelling and simulating of a multiple input and multiple output system to control the liquid level and temperature by using model predictive control
Authors: Laidani Z , Tolokonsky A O , Abdulraheem K K , Ouahioune M , Berreksi R
Published: December 2020

In recent years, Model Predictive Control has been regarded as one of the most reliable advanced control methods widely used in industrial and nuclear processes. Model predictive control uses a system model to forecast its future response, and also treats a real-time optimization algorithm to choose the best control action that leads the predicted output to the reference. The overall design goal of a predictive control model is to compute the trajectory of a future manipulated variable input signal to optimize the future behavior of the plant output. Optimization is performed within a limited time window by providing information at the beginning of the time window. This paper proposes a predictive controller MPC model for multiple input-output systems. The design of the controller includes the development of a model of the state space system for the tank system, then the design and the simulation of the MPC controller for the developed model system. The variables to be controlled are the temperature and the liquid level of the tank by changing the MPC’s parameters.
Numerical and analytical modelling of concurrent physico-chemical processes passing at the boundary of steel in a liquid-metal coolant leading to film formation
Authors: Avdeenkov A V , Achakovsky O I , Orlov A I
Published: December 2020

We analyse an engineering model for a self-consistent calculation of the growth of an oxide film in circulation circuits with a heavy liquid metal coolant and concentrations of impurities (oxygen, iron, magnetite) from the point of view of possible uncertainty in determining the activity of oxygen. The modelling of thermohydraulic and physicochemical processes is based on solving the associated three-dimensional equations of hydrodynamics, convective-diffusive transport, and the formation of chemically interacting impurity components in the coolant volume and on the surface of steels. Model calculations of the influence of the uncertainty of oxygen activity on the rate and integral yield of iron, which under the given conditions of the oxygen regime after interaction with oxygen determines the appearance of magnetite. It is numerically demonstrated that in the saturation mode there is a model-independent characteristic, which is determined by the parabolic constant and thickness of the oxide film characteristic of steel. Understanding these processes is highly important for justification of loops with HLMC and steadiness of structural materials that are in contacts with HLMC.
Influence of zirconium concentration on the extraction of technetium (VII) in the processing SNF
Authors: Touiza M , Ananiev A V
Published: December 2020

Technetium is part of the fission products of uranium formed during the operation of a nuclear reactor. The accumulation of technetium in the fuel is about 1090 g/t-U with a burn up of 40 GW day/t-U. The half-life of Tc-99 is 212 thousand years and its removal into radioactive waste together with relatively short-lived (T1/2 = 30–50 years), the handling of which implies near-surface storage, seems unacceptable. In view of this, it is advisable to remove Tc from the 1st cycle raffinate before concentrating and solidifying. All known variants of Tc isolation are based on its ability to complexate with TBP with subsequent extraction, as well as to co-extract in anionic form with U (VI) and tetravalent elements. To this end, we studied the effect of zirconium (VI) concentration on the extraction of technetium (VII) in the processing of spent nuclear fuel (SNF).
Investigation of radioactive reactor graphite by gamma-spectrometric method
Authors: Bazdnikin N I , Zubarev V N , Aleeva T B
Published: December 2020

In this research radioactive contamination of graphite of the 4th block of the Leningrad NPP was determined using the method of gamma-spectrometric analysis. The obtained results of the specific activity of isotopes were compared with the contamination of the graphite masonry of industrial uranium-graphite reactors. It was found that in comparison with graphite of industrial uranium-graphite reactors, the LAES-4 masonry has less contamination with decay products and actinoids, which indicates that, unlike industrial reactors, there were no incidents of fuel Rod destruction in power plants. But at the same time, it was noted that the RBMK masonry has an increased content of60Co. It was determined that this is due to the increased content of iron and cobalt impurities in unradiated graphite for RBMK. This research is important in terms of confirming the view that spent graphite from each specific uranium-graphite reactor has important features that need to be taken into account when planning decommissioning measures.
Traditions in teaching physics at the regional Kaliningrad University
Authors: Korneva I P
Published: December 2020

The article discusses the features of the functioning of the physical education system at the regional University of Königsberg (East Prussia) and the University of the Kaliningrad region. The article discusses the specifics of training physicists at each stage of the University’s development. It is shown that the scientific and educational processes are inextricably linked with each other when teaching physics. Participation of the faculty of physical departments of the University in research work and involvement of students in it is the key to successful training of highly qualified specialists. At various stages of the development of the physical education system, special attention was paid to the training of physics teachers. The tradition of teaching physics, laid down in Albertina, is continued at the modern University of Kaliningrad.
Methodological problems of big data and artificial intelligence in the medical specialists training
Authors: Mikhailenko O V , Dorrer G A
Published: December 2020

The emergence of big data and artificial intelligence firstly in healthcare has caused considerable excitement, stating the need to improve approaches to diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment. Despite enthusiasm, the methodological assumptions underlying the movement of big data and artificial intelligence in medicine are rarely studied. This article outlines the methodological problems facing this movement. In particular, the following topics were considered: the theory of large data congestion, the limits of the algorithms action, and the phenomenology of the disease. These methodological issues demonstrate several important roles for these technologies that must be considered and studied before they are integrated into the healthcare system.
Strategic development and increasing the efficiency of construction expertise institution in Russia
Authors: Afanasyev A P , Pukhova V V , Chepeleva K V , Saenko I A , Krelina E V
Published: December 2020

Design documentation assessment of compliance to technical regulations and building codes requirements in the Russian Federation is carried out through the institution of construction expertise. Elaboration and expert examinations of design documents and the results of engineering surveys are some of the most important stages in the implementation of investment and construction projects, as they allow reducing technical, legal and financial risks of the construction manager. This activity is important for all participants in investment and construction activities, which makes it necessary to study the construction expertise institution in order to determine its main development directions. The article presents the internal and external environment analysis results of construction expertise institution in the Russian Federation. Strategic tools made it possible to identify strengths and weaknesses, threats and opportunities, to determine the main strategic development directions for the institution of construction expertise in the Russian Federation, in accordance with the Draft Strategy for construction industry development in the Russian Federation until 2030. The strategic directions for the development of the construction expertise institution provided by the roadmap included improvement of regulations in organization and production of construction expertise, digital environment development of the construction expertise institution, transition to construction engineering, improvement of educational activities and training for institutions carrying out expert activities, knowledge building. To assess the implementation of strategic directions we identified expected target indicators for three main development scenarios of the construction expertise institution in the Russian Federation.
Transforming requirements for engineering occupations as affected by technological changes
Authors: Melnikova E V , Melnikova A A , Sergeev M Yu
Published: December 2020

This article is devoted to studying the influence of technological changes on transforming the necessary set of skills for engineering occupations. The expected changes in qualification requirements for engineers is based on the analysis of industrial revolution. The growing importance of soft skills is acknowledged. The methodological conclusions regarding the need to take into account the level of triple helix awareness, along with the parameters of the labor market when forecasting the directions for qualification requirements transformation for engineers were substantiated. It is noted that being ahead in the formation of new skills may have a positive impact on the growth in innovative activity. It is this aspect of the relationship between technology and qualification development trends that determines the role of educational organizations in the innovation ecosystem. It is shown that the convergence of technologies leads to an expansion of the range of professions referred to as engineering. The use of particular tools for assessing the demand for competencies allows solving only situational research tasks, whereas in the meanwhile scientifically advanced ecosystems require a system for monitoring technological and qualification changes, primarily in relation to engineering qualifications, since they can become a "bottleneck" of technological development. A methodology for systematizing the influence of technological trends on the qualification requirements is proposed. The mentioned methodology is based on bringing into conformity reciprocal trends on the meso-level within the framework of triple helix cooperation on the regional scale. As the labor market acquires flow characteristics, the need for separate monitoring procedures will decrease, with analysis algorithm simplifying.
Investigation of the geometric meaning of the derivative using mathematical packages
Authors: Trofimets E N
Published: December 2020

The paper suggests that in the process of training mathematical disciplines in technical universities in the context of digitalization of education, applied software packages to solve practice-oriented problems are used. It is advisable to reveal basic definitions, concepts, theorems, laws on practical examples, following the wise Latin aphorism “Plus usus sine doctrina, quam c. usum doctrina valet Q/Practice without theory is more valuable than theory without practice”. The more practical examples will be used in the process of mastering the theoretical material, the stronger and more fundamental the mathematical knowledge of students will be. The paper examines the stages of investigation the geometric meaning of the derivative using the MathCad computer system. The geometric meaning of the derivative will be the most accessible and memorable when students study intersecting parabolas.
Combined heat supply “heat pump-solar plant” system
Authors: Ishnazarov O Kh , Koroli M A
Published: December 2020

The article presents the possibility of a widespread introduction of heating systems using a heat pump, as well as a solar plant. Particular attention is paid to the useful properties of the combined heating. There are some assumptions in the mathematical model that do not affect the final result. The factors influencing the operating mode of the combined heating and hot water supply system are presented. It is indicated that the temperature of the condenser and the temperature difference have a significant effect on the combined heating system "heat pump-solar plant". Thus, the joint operation of a heat pump and a solar plant will make it possible to rationally build a heating system.
Reflection the modern ideas about the content of general education in the school physics textbooks
Authors: Purysheva N S , Isaev D A
Published: December 2020

The article considers the evolution of the general education goals in particular physics education, changes through this process the understanding of the subject «Physics» content. Soviet education aimed at preparing a comprehensively harmonically developed personality through the knowledge paradigm and the content of education was fully consistent with this goal. Later it takes place a rethinking approaches of understanding the content of education and the content of a subject. At the present goals of education are represented in the form of educational results: personal, subject and metasubject, which implies a change in the content of the subject «Physics» in the direction of increasing the importance of methodological, interdisciplinary, evaluative knowledge and strengthening the procedural component. This trend reflects in the textbooks: the procedural component is expanded, there are problems and tasks that involve conducting experimental research in the classroom and at home, solving creative tasks, and completing educational projects. The article substantiates the role of the physics textbook in improving educational outcomes, provides examples of the organization of educational content in school textbooks of physics in Russia and Singapore.
Digitalization as the basis for advancing educational services
Authors: Fedotov A A , Pilipenko O V , Panfilova L V , Borisoglebskaya L N , Sergeev S M
Published: December 2020

The development of the educational services market takes place in the whole world under the influence of innovation technological and organizational solutions. The use of online technology provides a wide space for developing cooperation between educational institutions not only when mastering current disciplines. This is possible thanks to the modern concept of education being aimed at the possibility of students to choose a number of disciplines of various types based on their own preferences. The application of standard methods does not provide the necessary information for predicting which subjects will be of interest to each specific student. In this case, it is necessary to use digital technologies to process information provided by aggregator sites and search engines. This information reflects statistical data on the level of interest of a student applicant in one area or another of professional training. Based on these probabilistic features, it becomes possible to build a matrix of consumer preferences, viewing the student as a consumer of educational services. These problems can only be solved using digital technologies and by applying methods of stochastic optimization, the mathematical theory for finding solutions during uncertainty, and computer modeling.
Innovative technology in the research of implementation dynamics of network attacks on the digital educational resources
Authors: Bokova O I , Drovnikova I G , Ovchinnikova E S , Rodin S V
Published: December 2020

Based on the analysis of the verbal models for implementing some of the most dangerous and typical network attacks on the modern digital educational resources as well as of the formal models of their functioning developed using Petri-Markov networks, graph models are developed in the article and simulation modeling of dynamics of the implementation of these network attacks in the CPN Tools software environment is carried out, too. Simulation results are presented as the quantitative values of probability-time characteristics of the network attack types under examination. Using the obtained results as initial data when assessing the threats of network attack implementation, developing a model of relevant attacks for a specific educational environment and forming quantitative requirements to the information resource protection systems will increase the real protection of both the existing digital educational environment and the one under development.
Capabilities of digital gamification resources to form the basis of information security
Authors: Zenkina S V , Ivshin M S , Kobeleva G A , Mikhlyakova E A , Omelin V N
Published: December 2020

The research problem is determined from the need to implement the didactic capabilities of gamification tools to support the study of various aspects of information security and information protection. The study purpose is to identify opportunities for the effective use of digital gamification resources to form learners’ information security competencies that will allow to successfully socialize in a modern digital society in the future. The work methodology includes an analysis of the literature of foreign and domestic authors on the use of gamification resources in cognition, training; the method of systematization and generalization of facts about the problems of individual information security, the concepts of the formation of special digital literacy in the space of new software tools and devices. The potential of digital technologies regarding the development of free orientation skills in the modern information environment, the organization of search activities, the use of various cognition strategies is explored. The revealed opportunities are shown on the example of the organization of information interaction of the didactic process participants in the Class Craft gaming environment. The conclusion summarizes the possibilities for the effective use of digital gamification resources for solving cognitive, communicative and organizational tasks in compliance with information security standards.
Building a GERT model of life cycle of educational and scientific information resources using Process Mining technology
Authors: Dorrer M G , Popov A A , Trishkina E I , Romanov N A
Published: December 2020

The main priority of this article is to develop a tool for numerical forecasting of the life cycle of information resources based on actual life cycle data in the form of event logs of the resource history. To solve this problem, we used the GERT network device. To build a GERT network describes the life cycle model of an information resource, we were used methods of intellectual analysis of processes (Process Mining) implemented with the ProM Framework. In the course of the work, an analysis of the life cycle of information resources of the Scientific electronic online library was carried out. The work considers the process of extracting data used for modeling the GERT network, as well as the process of identifying the law of distribution of the probability density of the duration of the life cycle stages. The model of the GERT network is constructed and the law of distribution of the probability density of the duration of the life cycle of an information resource was described. The obtained result confirms the applicability of Process Mining technology to probabilistic analysis and forecasting of the life cycle of information resources.
Training the IT students skills in the digital educational environment
Authors: Andrianov I A , Rzheutskaya S U , Sukonschikov A A , Davydova E N , Zaslavskiy A A
Published: December 2020

The article discusses a distant trainer for students’ IT skills, developed at Vologda State University. The history of the resource development, its functionality, architecture and implementation features are considered. An example of using the resource for teaching the course "Mathematical logic and theory of algorithms" is given.
Actualization of self-realization need of junior school children with limited health capacities when using informational-communicative technologies
Authors: Povalyaeva O N , Schuchka T A , Filatova I Yu
Published: December 2020

In this article the question of personal results of education creation by means of junior school children with limited health capacities self-realization need actualization as a result of informational-communicative technologies usage is taken up. Such concepts as “self-realization” and “self-realization need” comprehension in foreign and national scientific literature are considered. On the bases of scientific literature theoretical analyses an attempt of junior school children with limited health capacities self-realization need actualization role as a mean of personal results of education creation definition is made. Self-attitude special aspects and studying reasons of are examined (42 people). 17% of test people have inflated self-esteem, 33% have reasonable self-esteem, most tested people have deflated self-esteem (43%) and 7% have low self-esteem. It’s found out that cognitive reasons predominate if talking about junior school children with limited health capacities with reasonable and deflated self-esteem. Social reasons predominate if talking about junior school children with limited health capacities with deflated self-esteem. Junior school children with limited health capacities having deflated self-esteem concentrate on their activity and behavior evaluation by others (parents, teachers). Results obtained give opportunity to suppose that self-realization need which determine self-development process as personal result of education is not actualized enough if talking about junior school children with limited health capacities. In this regard, self-realization need actualization process as a result of informational-communicative technologies usage can be considered as a component of junior school children with limited health capacities personal results of education creation problem.
Innovative technologies for evaluating user interfaces of information security systems in the digital educational environment
Authors: Bokova O I , Kadnova A M , Barabanov A V , Meshcheryakova T V , Kalinin M Yu
Published: December 2020

The article is concerned with solving of the practical and theoretical issues of usability characteristics assessment of systems of information protection from unauthorized access digital educational environment. A comparative analysis of innovative technologies of usability characteristics assessment used to assess the quality characteristics of software user interfaces is carried out. The considered methods can be applied to assess the functional quality of systems of information protection in terms of ease of use for users of various categories. Apart from that, the security administrator applies special requirements to the systems of information protection interface. A qualitative and quantitative assessment of usability characteristics for this category of users is required in connection with the significant influence exerted by the administrator on the information security processes and the dependence of his work efficiency on the systems of information protection usability characteristics.
Digital didactic products for "Generation Z" specialized education
Authors: Bogomaz I V , Peskovsky E A , Stepanov E A
Published: December 2020

Annotation. The tasks of innovative didactic developments for the education of modern school and university students are actualized. The article analyzes the typological mental features of young people born in the XXI century–"Generation Z". Some general characteristic features of thinking that are massively inherent in "Generation Z" are revealed. The prevailing type of their consciousness and thinking is characterized by the concept of "clip". The features of the definition of "clip thinking" are considered, its negative aspects (fragmented, incomplete, uncritical) and positive aspects (rapidness, volume) are noted. It is concluded that there is a need for special approaches to the development of modern didactic tools for working with young people. The priority value of digital information technologies in solving educational problems of "Generation Z" is proved. The article deals with the conceptual issues of creating digital didactic products and their pedagogical use within the framework of certain digital didactic solutions. The complex technological and production nature of many digital didactic products and the necessity of partnership between pedagogical specialists and engineers for their creation is highlighted. The special role of natural science and technological specialized education for innovative and technological development is noted. Special attention is paid to the applied, scientific-model semantic context of creating digital didactic products for natural science and technological educational specializations.