bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Entre consensos e conflitos
Authors: Malcher Cardoso Letícia , Aguiar Gomes Carlos  Valério , Dos Santos Fernandes José Guilherme
Published: July 2024

Este estudo analisa as formas de participação dos atores sociais na regulamentação dos instrumentos de gestão da Resex-Mar Mocapajuba, localizada no município de São Caetano de Odivelas, no nordeste paraense. Este estudo tem como abordagem a pesquisa qualitativa, realizada por meio da revisão bibliográfica e documental, pesquisa de campo, entrevista não-diretiva, aplicação de questionários semiestruturados e observação participante. Como resultado, verificou-se que a participação efetiva da sociedade civil é limitada por diversos fatores, com destaque para os relacionados à mobilidade, à comunicação, à desinformação, à mobilização e às relações de poder entre atores da cogestão do território, o que evidencia implicações nos processos de governança ambiental da Resex.
Pronaf em questão
Authors: Galvão de França Caio , Penteado Meirelles de Azevedo Marques Vicente , Grisa Catia
Published: July 2024

O artigo busca analisar dimensões e aspectos metodológicos das análises de desempenho do Pronaf até então insuficientemente desenvolvidos, especialmente quanto à sua capacidade de induzir mudanças produtivas. Particularmente, coloca-se em análise elementos da sua natureza de política setorial de crédito, da diversificação produtiva, do público potencial, de política pública articulada e articuladora com uma governança complexa e inserida em diferentes arranjos institucionais, com ênfase nas instituições financeiras. Os resultados apontam que o potencial indutor do Pronaf sobre mudanças produtivas depende de novos conhecimentos sobre seu público e seus vínculos com outras políticas, bem como sobre a sua inserção em arranjos institucionais diversos, especialmente aqueles que envolvem os agentes financeiros. Tais conhecimentos dependem de análises que superem o subaproveitamento, a inadequação ou insuficiências bases de dados existentes.
Avaliação do efeito de políticas públicas voltadas à dendeicultura por moradores de vilas rurais no Nordeste paraense
Authors: Bezerra Ribeiro Laiane , Maria da Mota Dalva , Carneiro Lincoln
Published: July 2024

O objetivo do artigo é analisar as expectativas de residentes de vilas rurais quanto à dendeicultura no Nordeste Paraense, Amazônia brasileira, particularmente, sobre a noção de inclusão social veiculada por políticas públicas federais que visam a produção de agrocombustíveis. A pesquisa foi realizada por meio de um levantamento do tipo survey com atores-chave em 346 vilas em cujos arredores cultiva-se dendê entre 2015 e 2022. Uma tipologia foi considerada segundo a relação de moradores das vilas com a dendeicultura, com quatro tipos, quais sejam: i) vilas com assalariados na dendeicultura; ii) vilas com agricultores integrados à dendeicultura; iii) vilas com agricultores integrados e assalariados; e iv) vilas cujos moradores não têm relação direta com a dendeicultura. Considerando os tipos, levantamos e caracterizamos as vantagens e desvantagens que os moradores atribuem à dendeicultura e qualificamos também as percepções quanto a infraestruturas disponíveis. Os principais resultados mostram semelhanças e diferenças nas suas percepções independentemente das relações com a atividade. Para eles, a dendeicultura apresenta vantagens em relação à geração de emprego e renda e à melhoria de infraestruturas. As principais desvantagens são os problemas ambientais decorrentes da atividade, a perda de terras com a expansão de monocultivos, os riscos relativos à disponibilidade de alimentos e os desencontros entre as promessas e a realidade.
Determinan Niat Whistleblowing Pada Mahasiswa Akuntansi
Authors: Ningrum Sintia Saputri , Munari Munari
Published: July 2024

The aim of this research is to analyze and test the determinants of whistleblowing intentions among accounting students at UPN "Veteran" East Java. The approach used is a quantitative approach, with primary data obtained from questionnaires distributed. The research population consisted of 288 accounting students and a sample of 74 respondents was taken. The hypothesis test and data analysis techniques used is multiple linear regression with the help of SPSS 29.0 software. The results of this study indicate that attitudes and religiosity contribute to whistleblowing intentions, and gender does not contribute to whistleblowing intentions. This research is expected to contribute to knowledge and information related to whistleblowing in the university environment, as well as become a reference for developing policies and internal complaint platforms at the university, and can help increase student awareness of the importance of disclosing fraud or ethical violations around them.
Analisis Faktor yang Memperngaruhi Ketimpangan Pendapatan di Kawasan Gerbangkertosusila
Authors: Simalango Mikhael , Sri Setiawati Ririt Iriani
Published: July 2024

This research focuses on investigating the increasing income inequality observed in the Gerbangkertosusila Region over the past three years, coinciding with the onset of the pandemic. The study aims to understand how Economic Growth, Agglomeration, and Open Unemployment Rate influence this inequality. Using quantitative methods and secondary data from the Central Statistics Agency, the study employs panel data regression analysis, particularly the Random Effects Model (REM) via Eviews 12 software. Findings suggest that while Economic Growth and Agglomeration show positive effects on income inequality, they are not statistically significant. Conversely, the Open Unemployment Rate is found to have a significant and positive impact on income inequality.
Analisis Distribusi Dana Zakat YBM PLN Pada Program Pengembangbiakan Kambing Susu Perah di Kabupaten Pakpak Bharat
Authors: Zeen Rahmad Ridho , Marliyah Marliyah , Ilhamy Nasution Muhammad Lathief
Published: July 2024

This research analyzes the impact of the Baitul Maal Foundation PLN zakat funds on a dairy goat breeding program in Pakpak Bharat Regency. Using a qualitative method with a case study approach, data was gathered through observation, interviews, surveys, and documentation. The findings indicate that the zakat fund distribution positively impacts the mustahiq economy by providing business capital and training, enabling them to independently raise dairy goats and generate income. This program is expected to improve mustahiq’s standard of living, the quality of education for their children, and enhance community gratitude and social awareness. However, challenges such as inadequate mentoring and training, and limited knowledge and skills of mustahiq in goat breeding were identified. The research recommends that Baitul Maal Foundation PLN enhance support and training for mustahiq and increase their knowledge and skills in dairy goat breeding.
Pengaruh Transaksi Pihak Berelasi dan Intellectual Capital Terhadap Nilai Perusahaan Dengan Financial Performance Sebagai Moderasi
Authors: Minarni Dinna Dwi , Budiwitjaksono Gideon Setyo
Published: July 2024

This research analyzes how related party transactions and intellectual capital influence firm value and how a company's financial health (financial performance) moderates its relationship with related parties (related party transactions) and intangible assets (intellectual capital) in determining the overall value of the firm. A total of 105 financial companies from 2020 to 2022 were the population in this study. Through the purposive sampling method, 27 financial companies were used as research samples. The data analysis technique used is Partial Least Square (PLS) using special SmartPLS 4 software. The results of this research reveal that transactions with related parties do not have a direct impact on firm value. On the other hand, strong intellectual capital makes a positive contribution to firm value. Meanwhile, this research found that the company's financial health (financial performance) was unable to moderate the relationship between related party transactions and intellectual capital on firm value.
STUDENT LIFE: A TRANSLATOR-STUDENT’S VIEW ON CULTURES BETWEEN UZBEKISTAN AND THE UNITED STATES
Authors: Bozorov Asadbek ,   Student of Cuyahoga Community College, Ohio, USA, Graduate of Bukhara State University, Faculty of Foreign Languages, Bukhara, Uzbekistan
Published: July 2024

This article looks at how student life and education are different and similar in Uzbekistan and the United States. It covers living situations, making friends, activities outside of class, money matters, what students study, and family life. The article also shows how translation helps understand these differences, making education better for everyone.
ROLE OF PROBLEM EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGIES IN TEACHING PEDAGOGICAL SCIENCES
Authors: Shuxratovich Xaitov Bekzod ,   Doctoral student at Kokand State Pedagogical Institute, Uzbekistan
Published: July 2024

This article describes the main features of the development of problematic teaching technologies in pedagogical sciences. The essence of problem-based education, today's pedagogic researches and the relationship to the opinions of researchers regarding problem-based education in the educational process are given. The importance of problem-based educational technology in developing critical and analytical thinking skills of students is analyzed.
Methods for improving the performance of JavaScript interfaces
Authors: Serhiyovych Blahodelskyi Oleksandr ,   Designer, MySteel BV Gemert, Netherlands
Published: July 2024

This article discusses various methods for improving the performance of JavaScript interfaces, which are critically important in the context of the rapid development of digital technologies. Effective, responsive interfaces not only attract and retain users, but also improve the position of websites in search engines and increase conversion rates. The research covers topics related to reducing the number of requests, asynchronous programming, optimizing data loading and caching. The article provides specific examples and tips, such as minimizing queries, using local variables to increase the speed of code execution, using event delegation methods and algorithmic optimization. Tools for diagnosing and fixing performance issues such as Lighthouse and Google PageSpeed Insights are also being considered. These recommendations and techniques have been tested and systematized by experienced developers to achieve the best results in improving JavaScript performance.
REUNIFICATION AND THE DEMISE OF THE WEST CAMEROON EDUCATION BOARD, 1961-1972: AN HISTORICAL APPRAISAL OF THE IMPACT OF FINANCIAL CONSTRAINTS
Authors: GOPTE CALEB ANIMBOM , TAKOR NIXON KAHJUM , NDILLE ROLAND NTONGWE
Published: July 2024

This paper looks at the demise of the West Cameroon Education Board from the perspective of an outcome of financial constraints on the West Cameroon Government. It argues that the educational choices of the West Cameroon Government significantly accentuated financial constraints which contributed to the fragilization and eventual demise of the Education Board, ultimately paving the way for the interference of the Federal Government in the West Cameroon educational system. The paper uses the historical-analytical method to interpret data collected mostly from the National Archives Buea (NAB) and presents findings according to the chronological and thematic approach. It reveals that the rapid expansion of education in West Cameroon between 1961 and 1969 accentuated financial constraints on Government which helped to fragilize the Education Board. This made the West Cameroon educational system vulnerable to Federal Government interference and eventual take over by 1972. Thus, accounting for the demise of the West Cameroon Education Board.
EVENT STUDY ON DRUG APPROVALS - IMPACT OF ORPHAN DRUG APPROVALS ON THE SHAREHOLDER VALUE OF PHARMACEUTICAL COMPANIES
Authors: ROLF JAN-LUCA , MAROTTA GIANFRANCO , ZURECK ALEXANDER
Published: July 2024

The pharmaceutical industry is controversially discussed. Nevertheless, there is a con-sensus that the need for new medicines is undeniable. In particular, the treatment of rare diseases with orphan drugs is characterized by a high unmet medical need. Regulatory incentive schemes seek to stimulate orphan drug research and development (R&D). This is also reflected in the increasing approvals during the last two decades. Orphan drugs have gained relevance and become a more attractive business for pharmaceutical compa-nies (Blonda et al., 2021, p. 2)
IMPACT OF TAX STRUCTURE ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN NIGERIA
Authors: E. OLUSUYI AJAYI, , B. AGBOLADE GIWA, , OBAFEMI  , T. OLUTOKUNBOH  , ARAOYE  , F. EBUN
Published: July 2024

This study examined the relationship among tax structure, poverty and economic growth in Nigeria. Specifically, this study investigated the impact of tax structure on economic growth in Nigeria. Secondary data sourced from Central Bank of Nigeria Statistical Bulletin, Federal Inland Revenue Services and WDI were used. The main explanatory variables are the tax structure variables which include personal income tax (PIT), value added tax (VAT), company income tax (CIT) and petroleum profit tax (PPT), while the dependent variable is economic growth. Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF), Phillips-Perron (PP) and Autoregressive Distributed Lagged (ARDL) Bound tests, and Error Correction Model (ECM) techniques were adopted. The results revealed that personal income tax and value added tax have significant negative effects on economic growth, but company income tax and petroleum profit tax have significant positive effect on economic growth. Also, the lagged value of personal income tax has a significant effect on economic growth. In same manner, the lagged value of value added tax has significant negative effect on economic growth. Therefore, the study concluded that tax structure significantly impacts on poverty and economic growth in Nigeria.
Editorial
Authors: Arredondo Elizabeth-H. , Prieto G. Juan Luis , Castillo Bracho Luis Andrés
Published: July 2024

Estimadas y estimados lectores de la revista PARADIGMA, el presente número temático, intitulado “Tecnologías Digitales en la Enseñanza y Aprendizaje de las Ciencias y las Matemáticas”, ofrece un estado del arte de la educación en ciencias y en matemáticas apoyada en el uso de las tecnologías digitales del momento. Como equipo editorial invitado, nos congratuló en gran manera la buena acogida que tuvo la convocatoria a publicar en este número especial, dada la recepción de una cantidad importante de manuscritos en los plazos establecidos, hecho que representa un claro indicador del trabajo que los colegas de Iberoamérica realizan actualmente en el campo educativo con apoyo de las tecnologías.
Annealing Effects on ZrO2 Thin Films: Characterization and Gas Sensing Applications
Authors: Bohórquez Carolina , Vazquez-Arce Jorge L , Cuentas-Gallegos Ana K , Tiznado Hugo
Published: July 2024

This study investigates the effects of annealing on the structural, optical, and gas-sensing properties of ZrO2 thin films deposited by atomic layer deposition (ALD). The films were annealed in a nitrogen atmosphere at 700, 800, and 900 °C. Surface morphology, chemical composition, optical properties, and the film´s response to O2 were evaluated. Results showed that annealing improves surface homogeneity and oxygen sensitivity, highlighting the role of oxygen vacancies in gas sensing efficiency. Photoluminescence and cathodoluminescence spectra revealed that specific color centers, such as oxygen vacancies with trapped electrons, enhance the ZrO2 surface's sensitivity to oxygen. These findings emphasize the relationship between defect structures and material performance in gas sensing applications, offering insights for optimizing ZrO2-based sensors.
Nomadic Pastoralism and Everyday Peace: Key Evidence and Lessons for Peacebuilding and Conflict Mitigation from Kenya’s Turkana North
Authors: Wafula Caleb Maikuma
Published: July 2024

This research report is a case study on local peace practices within pastoralist communities in Kenya’s Turkana North (a subcounty of Kenya’s Turkana County). While significant existing research and analysis has focused on the concern that pastoralist communities across the African continent may contribute to growing violent conflict—and in particular to violent extremism—this report instead situates these communities within the theoretical framework of “everyday peace.” This framework centers on understanding the myriad ways in which ordinary people in conflict-affected contexts engage in small acts of peace and forge pro-social relationships that contribute to peace and stability within their communities. This report explores these everyday practices of peace within pastoralist communities in Kenya’s Turkana County, and Turkana North subcounty, a borderland territory that connects Ethiopia, South Sudan, and Uganda with a long history of conflict around inter-clan livestock raiding and cross-border movement/land access. Informed by a multi-method research methodology that included semi-structured interviews, focus groups, historical profiling, transect walks, and non-participant observational data collected in August 2022, the findings from this study highlight both the existing local systems and resources for peacebuilding and conflict mitigation in pastoralist communities in Turkana, as well as the stressors and challenges that affect them. Lessons from this research contribute to our broader understanding of how policymakers and practitioners can work to better assess and coordinate violence prevention and reduction efforts in light of specific pastoralist needs and everyday practices of peace, particularly in areas impacted by violent conflict and/or violent extremism where pastoralist communities exist.
Determinantes Estructurales de la Salud y su Relación con la Prevención del VIH
Authors: Meléndez Salazar Jesús Yael , Barahona Córdova Rodrigo , Loeza Martínez Jareth Joel , García Vargas Gustavo René
Published: July 2024

La trasmisión sexual por VIH sigue siendo un serio problema de salud pública a nivel mundial. En México la población mas afectada son los jóvenes de entre 20 y 29 años, siendo la adolescencia un etapa clave para promoción de comportamientos saludables. El objetivo de este estudio fue identificar la relación de los Determinantes Estructurales de la Salud (género, nivel socioeconómico y educación) y el nivel de conocimientos sobre el VIH en un muestra de estudiantes de bachillerato de la Cd. de Chetumal en Quintana Roo, México. Los resultados mostraron que a mayor nivel socioeconomico y mayor nivel educativo, mayor es el conocimiento que los participantes tuvieron sobre la prevención y formas de trasmisión del VIH. Se discute la importancia de abordar estos elementos que generan inequidad a fin de garantizar las mismas oportunidades para abordar y prevenir el VIH.
Orientación Vocacional y Proyecto de Vida a Través de Estrategias STEAM
Authors: Cuásquer Viveros Maribel
Published: July 2024

La investigación base de este artículo pretende determinar si el pensamiento computacional a través de estrategias STEAM puede influir en la orientación vocacional y proyecto de vida de los estudiantes de grado décimo y undécimo de San Juan de Pasto.  En una primera fase se plantean encuentros como prolegómenos, tomando como base la Institución Educativa Municipal Centro de Integración Popular. En la segunda fase se plantean encuentros interinstitucionales que permitan abrir la puerta a las carreras profesionales de Ciencia, tecnología, ingeniería, artes y matemáticas (STEAM). Estas carreras se han visualizado como prioridades a futuro, fomentando pedagógicamente la actitud, orientación y vida del estudiante; carreras en las que se debe incrementar el porcentaje de matriculados y graduados, dada la evolución social actual. De esta manera se plantea una estrategia de convocatoria abierta a estudiantes de grados décimo y undécimo con afinidad, interés y buena actitud hacia el área de tecnología e informática, como centro y base del proceso de selección.  Para tal fin se utiliza una investigación cualitativa, dentro del marco de la investigación – acción implicando la aplicación de siete fases del proceso tecnológico (Definición de problema, investigación, diseño, planeación, construcción, evaluación y divulgación) en transversalización con los 5 pilares del proceso de proyecto de vida (Autoestima, autonomía, toma de decisiones, proyecto de vida y orientación vocacional).   Es una investigación en proceso, por lo que se presentan en este artículo, resultados parciales y percepciones que se han obtenido hasta el momento, tanto del proceso de creación y desarrollo de la estrategia, como de los elementos establecidos para su ejecución.
Estrategias Metodológicas y Didácticas en el Proceso de Enseñanza y Aprendizaje del Inglés con Discapacidad Visual
Authors: Ampuero Intriago María Eugenia , Saltos Rodríguez Letty Jacqueline , Loor Fernández Martha Narcisa , Casierra Parraga Celene Margarita
Published: July 2024

El proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje del inglés a estudiantes con discapacidad visual requiere la implementación de estrategias metodológicas y didácticas adaptadas a sus necesidades específicas. La combinación de materiales accesibles, tecnología innovadora, enfoque experiencial, colaboración interdisciplinaria y fomento de la autonomía son clave para garantizar un aprendizaje inclusivo y de calidad para todos los alumnos. Las instituciones de educación superior tienen la responsabilidad social y legal de facilitar la incorporación de estas minorías y grupos prioritarios al ámbito profesional, ya que no poseen otras alternativas de formación. En la Universidad Técnica de Manabí existe un grupo de estudiantes de distintas carreras con discapacidad visual que requieren atención especial. El objetivo de la investigación se enfocó en realizar un análisis estadístico con la harramienta tecnológica IBM SPSS Statistics para conocer el promedio de estudiantes con discapacidad visual que cursan estudios en la Universidad Técnica de Manabí. Entre los resultados destacan que en promedio existen de entre 1 a 2 estudiantes con discapacidad visual que cursan un estudio universitario en la Universidad Técnica de Manabí, con un 95% nivel de confianza. Por ende, la incorporación de descripciones de audio para contenido visual, la utilización de gráficos táctiles o modelos para la comprensión conceptual, la implementación de software adaptativo para capacidades de conversión de texto a voz son algunos enfoques didácticos efectivos que satisfacen las necesidades únicas de los estudiantes con discapacidad visual. Las tecnologías adaptativas, como los lectores de pantalla y los sintetizadores de voz, ofrecen un valioso apoyo para facilitar la adquisición del lenguaje al proporcionar retroalimentación auditiva y mejorar la accesibilidad.
Riesgos en el Uso de las Redes Sociales y Nuevas Tecnologías en Niños y Adolescentes
Authors: Andrés Mata María Tatiana , López Estrada Ulises , Galeana Brito Guadalupe , Estrada Aguilar Juan , Salazar Mena Jesús
Published: July 2024

El presente trabajo ofrece información sobre los riesgos, distintas formas de violencia en línea, que pueden vivir las niñeces al navegar en internet sin la orientación y supervisión de personas adultas, cuya responsabilidad es su cuidado. Analiza los contextos: geopolítico de Iguala, Guerrero y el de pandemia y postpandemia de COVID-19 que expuso las carencias de cobertura de internet, de herramientas y conocimientos acordes para lograr aprendizajes digitales a la altura del siglo XXI y a las circunstancias en que las niñeces se están formando escolarmente. El trabajo, también expone los esfuerzos gubernamentales por responder a las recomendaciones internacionales sobre derechos de las niñas y los niños a través de políticas públicas como SIPINNA y programas federales. Finalmente, presenta los resultados de las encuestas a niñeces y autoridades escolares y hace recomendaciones para evitar los riesgos del uso y abuso de las redes sociales existentes.
Tejiendo Formas de Lectoescrituras Misak, desde una Perspectiva Decolonial
Authors: Almendra Calambás Deisy Giovana
Published: July 2024

Este proyecto se llevó a cabo en la comunidad indígena Misak, con el propósito de sembrar una semilla a los procesos de reivindicación y preservación de las sabidurías y conocimientos ancestrales; específicamente con el objetivo reconocer las formas de lectoescrituras Misak, desde una perspectiva decolonial, para entretejerlo se realizó la exploración de las formas de lectoescrituras del territorio y su respectivo análisis. Por lo tanto, se entrevistó a shuramera y shurmera (mayores) y se analizó la información basada en la teoría fundamentada. Los resultados mostraron que las lectoescrituras son naturales y espirituales y, se evidenció que aún hay incidencias de la colonialidad del poder en ellas. Esto permitió comprender que las lectoescrituras que emergen en el territorio son un medio de resistencia para preservar las memorias y un enrollar y desarrollar de sentidos y significados.
Effects of Activation Energy and Diffusion Thermo an Unsteady MHD Maxwell Fluid Flow over a Porous Vertical Stretched Sheet in the Presence of Thermophoresis and Brownian Motion
Authors: Aruna Ganjikunta  , Bhagya Lakshmi Kuntumalla  , Ramachandra Reddy Vaddemani
Published: July 2024

This article discusses the effects of Activation energy and Diffusion thermo on an unsteady MHD flow of an electrically conducting Maxwell Nanofluid over a stretching sheet in a porous medium in the presence of thermophoresis and Brownian motion. Using the similarity transformations, the partial differential equations corresponding to the momentum, energy, and concentration equations are transformed into a system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations, which are solved numerically using a RungeKutta fourth-order method along with the shooting technique, and the results obtained for different governing flow parameters are drawn graphically, and their effects on velocity, temperature, and concentration profiles are discussed. The values of the skin friction coefficient, Nusselt number coefficient, and Sherwood number coefficient are presented in the table. A comparison with previously reported data is made, and an excellent agreement is noted. The objective of the present study is to use the Activation energy and Diffusion thermo parameters to increase the concentration of chemical species on the boundary layer and temperature, respectively. The temperature of the fluid increases as the radiation parameter, Brownian motion, thermophoresis, and magnetic parameters increase.
Numerical Investigation of Thermal Performance for Turbulent Water Flow through Dimpled Pipe
Authors: Ansam Adil Mohammed  , Mahmoud Sh. Mahmoud  , Suha K Jebir  , Ahmed F. Khudheyer
Published: July 2024

Dimples are tiny indentations on the surfaces of the body that enhance heat transfer and alter fluid flow characteristics on or within the body. Numerical investigations were conducted to analyse the heat transfer and flow characteristics in a cross-combined dimple tube in the range of Reynolds numbers from 6000 to 14000. The finite volume method recognised a novel enhancement model utilising methods for composite-form surfaces. Compared to a smooth tube working similarly, the effects significantly improve the heat transfer index, performance evaluation criteria, and friction factor. A three-dimensional simulation was conducted to clarify the underlying process by which dimples affect thermal performance. The simulation findings suggest that the dimples effectively enhance heat transfer by altering the temperature distribution and increasing the temperature gradient within the central area of the dimple section. A concave surface profile disrupts the flow and prevents the formation of a stable boundary layer, promoting the mixing of hot and cold fluids. Furthermore, the study investigates how geometric characteristics impact thermal and hydraulic efficiencies, emphasising that larger dimples improve overall thermo-hydraulic performance. Specifically, the heat transfer enhancement achieved an average increase of 17.3%, ranging from 18.03% to 38.6%, surpassing that of the traditional smooth tube.
Texto para Discussão 2947
Authors: Caseiro Luiz Carlos Zalaf , Maciente Aguinaldo Nogueira
Published: July 2024

Este artigo investiga os fatores associados às desigualdades de rendimentos de uma coorte de graduados de 2011 em cursos brasileiros das áreas de ciências, tecnologias, engenharias e matemática (CTEM), ao longo de sete anos após a formatura. Especificamente, analisa-se como as origens sociais desses indivíduos são mediadas pelas características dos cursos e instituições de educação superior em seus efeitos sobre as desigualdades de rendimento do trabalho. Para tanto, foram cruzados vários registros administrativos do governo federal, com destaque para dados educacionais e de emprego, e foram construídos indicadores de prestígio e qualidade dos cursos e instituições de educação superior. Além de análises descritivas sobre a trajetória laboral dos graduados em CTEM, foram utilizados modelos multiníveis de regressão para estimar o efeito das origens sociais e da educação superior na remuneração desses indivíduos. Os resultados indicam que: i) a influência da educação superior sobre a desigualdade de remuneração entre os egressos em CTEM é substantiva, porém decrescente ao longo do tempo; ii) os efeitos das origens sociais, de gênero e cor/raça sobre as desigualdades de rendimentos são parcialmente mediados pela trajetória na educação superior; iii) essa mediação é maior para a escolaridade dos pais e menor para o gênero, destacando tanto o papel da educação como redutor de desigualdades sociais quanto os mecanismos discriminatórios próprios do mercado de trabalho, que persistem, apesar da trajetória educacional dos indivíduos; iv) os indicadores de qualidade e prestígio das instituições têm efeitos significativos sobre a remuneração dos graduados, podendo até mesmo absorver completamente o efeito das instituições públicas nos rendimentos, indicando seu potencial para analisar a heterogeneidade do sistema de educação superior; e v) o ciclo econômico exerceu uma forte influência sobre a inserção ocupacional dos egressos, sendo importante para a qualidade do emprego, no médio prazo, o tipo de inserção obtido imediatamente após a conclusão do curso de graduação.
Texto para Discussão 2951
Authors: Carvalho Sandro Sacchet de , Nogueira Mauro Oddo
Published: July 2024

Neste artigo, a partir de dados da Pesquisa por Amostra de Domicílios (PNAD) e da Pesquisa por Amostra de Domicílios Contínua (PNAD Contínua), mostra-se que a plataformização das ocupações de motoristas no transporte de passageiros e de entregadores de encomendas ou motoboys elevou a participação no setor de transporte e correios na economia brasileira, bem como contribuiu significativamente para a ascensão recente dos trabalhadores autônomos. Adicionalmente, evidencia-se que a expansão dos trabalhadores por meio de plataformas representa claramente um processo de precarização do trabalho, refletindo menor renda, menor formalização, menor contribuição previdenciária e maiores jornadas. Ainda se aproveita a recente divulgação da Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios Contínua: teletrabalho e trabalho por meio de plataformas digitais 2022 para fazer um retrato das características do trabalho plataformizado de forma mais precisa e completa e para corroborar o processo de precarização ensejado pela plataformização do trabalho.
Ball Toothbrush as an Effort to Improve Teeth Brushing Skills and Debris Index Status in Stroke Patients
Authors: Puji Rahayu Umi , Sutomo Bambang , Santoso Bedjo , Eko Ningtyas Endah Aryati , Rusdiana Ika
Published: July 2024

Background: The proportion of correct tooth brushing behavior is only 2.8% of the population. Apart from dental health problems in the community, stroke problems are also still encountered, based on 2013 Basic Health Research (Riskesdas) data, the prevalence of stroke in Indonesia is 10.9% of those diagnosed with stroke, stroke patients often experience long-term disability, so good oral hygiene is difficult to maintain. So innovation is needed in changing teeth brushing skills, namely through the "Ball Toothbrush" which is expected to improve teeth brushing skills and debris index status in stroke patients. Objective: To produce a "Ball Toothbrush" effective and feasible to improve tooth brushing skills and debris index in stroke patients. Method: The method used in this research is Research and Development (R&D) with 5 research stages, namely needs identification, engineering design, expert validation, model/product testing, and model/product results. This research used a pre-experimental design with a one-group pre-post-test design. The sampling technique was purposive sampling consisting of 30 stroke patients who were given intervention for 14 days. Results: Ball Toothbrush is feasible and effective in improving tooth brushing skills and debris index in stroke patients. The results of the effectiveness test of using the Ball Toothbrush model on tooth brushing skills obtained a value of 0.000 (p<0.05) and a debris index of 0.000 (p<0.05). Conclusion: The Ball Toothbrush model is feasible and its application effectively improves tooth brushing skills and debris index status in stroke patients.
Denta Go Model: An Effective Approach to Improving Tooth Brushing Skills and Dental Hygiene Status of Preschool Children
Authors: Nur Ijazati Kholifah , . Supriyana , Eko Ningtyas Endah Aryati
Published: July 2024

Background: According to Riskesdas, 63.7% of children aged 5 years have a dental caries experience number (def-t) ≥6 which is included in the category of severe early childhood caries. One of the factors that influence this is the low behavior in maintaining and maintaining oral hygiene. Therefore, through the innovation of the “Denta Go” Model, it is hoped that it can improve the tooth brushing skills and dental hygiene status of preschool children. Research Objective: To produce a “Denta Go” Model that is effective and feasible to implement in an effort to improve tooth brushing skills and dental hygiene status of preschool children. Methods: Research and Development (R&D) method with 5 stages, namely identification of needs, design, expert validation, feasibility test 1, and feasibility test 2. This study used a pre-experiment design with a one group pre-post test design. The sampling technique was purposive sampling which was given an intervention for 21 days with 3 stages, namely introduction, repetition, and practice. Results: The validity results of the “Denta Go” Model show that the model is feasible as a dental health education model (p 0.000). The “Denta Go” model is effective in improving tooth brushing skills (p 0.000) with a mean pretest score of 59.06 and posttest 94.64. The “Denta Go” model is effective in improving dental hygiene status (p 0.000) with a mean pretest score of 2.64 and posttest of 1.16. Feasibility test 2 showed that the model is feasible to be used independently by kindergarten teachers (p 0.000). Conclusion: The “Denta Go” model is effective and feasible to use as an effort to improve tooth brushing skills and dental health status of preschool children.
Study of Different Parameters on Removal of Methyl Violet Dye Using Coconut Shell Powder as an Adsorbent
Authors: Sarath Poda , Sameera Satya , Kumar KBVSS
Published: July 2024

The dyeing business is one of the most water- intensive industries. The effluent from the dyeing industry comprises a variety of chemicals and coloring compounds, and it must be properly treated before being dumped into any water body. However, dye house effluents are extremely difficult to treat properly because to their considerable variability in composition. In most cases, a combination of multiple techniques of treatment is required to eliminate all toxins from the wastewater. As a result, adsorption became one of the most efficient ways for removing color from textile effluent. In this paper, an attempt is made to remove the colored ingredient Methyl Violet present in the colored solution by using a cheaply available adsorbent, coconut shell powder of specific size. In this work, the effect of variation in the parameters like dosage of adsorbent, temperature of the solution and initial concentration of the solution are studied and the adsorption removal efficiency is studied through an experimental approach. The adsorbent used is dry coconut shell of size -100 BSS mesh number. The dosage of adsorbent was varied from 10 gms to 50 gms and It was discovered that the adsorption removal efficiency was varying between 72.9 % to 89.6 %. The Additional factors that were examined are effect of temperature on adsorption and effect of initial concentration. The temperatures varying from 500C to 700C. It was determined that the adsorption removal effectiveness of Methyl Violet was found out to be decreasing from 64.6 % at 500C to 47.9 % at 700C. Adsorption efficiency was shown to decrease as temperature increased. The initial adsorbent concentration ranged from 30 to 70 ppm. It was shown that increasing the starting concentration enhanced the adsorption removal effectiveness from 85% to 88%. Based on the results of the preceding experiments, it is possible to infer that coconut shell powder is an efficient adsorbent for removing Methyl Violet from waste water, with an 89.6% removal rate.
Seroprevalence of Brucella among Patients Visiting a Single-Center Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Hassan-Tuuryare Sakariye Abdullahi , Abdullahi Mohamed Suleyman , Kimutai Timothy
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Brucellosis is a disease that can be contracted by humans through contact with infected animals or animal products. It can be transmitted through contaminated dairy products, so caution must be exercised when handling and preparing food. By taking precautions, the spread of this disease can be mitigated to protect both humans and animals. (1) Brucella spp is a type of bacteria that can cause an infection. The symptoms of this infection can range from mild flu-like symptoms to severe complications that affect different parts of the body. Because Brucella is able to invade the body and avoid the immune system, it's important to get an accurate diagnosis and start treatment as soon as possible. (2). (3)  Method: The study was conducted at Kalkaal Hospital from 2019 to 2023, spanning three years. Patients who went to the hospital's Outpatient department and were screened for Brucella were included in the study. Data on patients' demographics, including their residence, gender, age, and Brucella screening results, were collected and recorded over the study period. The participants' blood samples were gathered and analyzed for Brucella infection through a variety of diagnostic The clinical assessment included an examination of symptoms, medical history, and possible exposure to Brucella. To detect specific antibodies (IgM and IgG) against Brucella present in the blood serum, serological tests such as the Serum Agglutination Test (SAT), ELISA, and Rose Bengal Test were conducted. The blood samples were analyzed to identify the Brucella bacteria through blood cultures. In addition, the presence of Brucella DNA was confirmed in various clinical samples using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). The Kalkaal Hospital Research Review Board gave approval for the study protocol. Data cleaning was carried out with the help of Excel. The analysis of data was performed using SPSS software version 25.  Results: According to the analysis of the data, 30.3% of patients were men, and 69.7% of patients were women. The age ranges were 0–19: 1245 (8.1%), 20–29: 3951 (25.7%), 30-39: 3027 (19.7%), 40–49: 1786 (11.6%), and 50+: 4582. (29.9 percent). In addition, 14884 (97.0%) of the outcomes were negative, while only 465 (3.0%) were positive.  Conclusion: The research carried out at Kalkaal Hospital in Mogadishu, Somalia, has revealed important information about the prevalence of Brucella infection in the area. The results suggest that a significant number of patients have tested positive for Brucella antibodies, which indicates that the disease is a significant burden on the local population. These findings add to the global knowledge of brucellosis and emphasize its severe and long-term effects. It is important for experts in this field to have further discussions and come to a consensus on how to address this issue.
Enfermedades cuarentenarias: los riesgos para la caficultura de Colombia
Authors: Ferrucho Rosa Lilia
Published: July 2024

Las plagas cuarentenarias son un riesgo latente para la agricultura mundial. El aumento del turismo, las importaciones y exportaciones, tanto formales como informales, junto con los cambios en los procedimientos y las nuevas vías de transporte, incrementan el riesgo de introducción y dispersión de plagas exóticas a nivel mundial. El ingreso de plagas cuarentenarias en los cultivos de café en Colombia puede tener impactos económicos y ecológicos negativos en los agroecosistemas cafeteros. La Disciplina de Fitopatología de Cenicafé trabaja en la identificación y priorización de estos riesgos, así como en el entendimiento del contexto legal, nacional e internacional, que regula el manejo de plagas cuarentenarias. El Instituto Colombiano Agropecuario (ICA) reporta oficialmente siete patógenos como cuarentenarios ausentes para el cultivo del café en Colombia: Colletotrichum kahawae, Gibberella xylarioides, Pseudomonas syringae pv. garcae, Xylella fastidiosa y Coffee ringspot virus. En este seminario se dará a conocer el marco legal que rige el control de plagas cuarentenarias, los riesgos identificados para la caficultura colombiana y las principales acciones involucradas en su manejo. Además, se discutirá el estado actual del conocimiento sobre dos de estos patógenos cuarentenarios: C. kahawae, causante de la enfermedad de las cerezas del café (CBD), y Gibberella xylarioides, responsable del marchitamiento vascular o traqueomicosis de plantas de café.
Az intelligens fenyegetés: Hogyan veszélyeztetheti a mesterséges intelligencia a biztonságunkat?
Authors: Tóth Levente
Published: July 2024

Aim: The aim of the study is to draw attention to the dangers of using artificial intelligence.
Methodology: Alongside a relevant literature review, the author illustrates the aspects of artificial intelligence jeopardizing our security by providing examples and addresses the existing and evolving regulatory environment.
Findings: Artificial intelligence can directly or indirectly pose a threat to our security. The risks associated with artificial intelligence, coupled with the current rapid technological advancement, make it imperative to establish appropriate and adaptive continuous regulations to ensure the increasing use of AI comes with minimal negative consequences.
Value: The study explores previously overlooked features that compromise security. Its findings can contribute to understanding how artificial intelligence can endanger our security on both narrower and broader societal levels.
Estética y
containers
: antologías de la literatura electrónica y
commoditización
de la cultura
Authors: BERTI AGUSTÍN
Published: July 2024

¿Qué rol juegan las antologías latinoamerianas de literatura electrónica en el contexto de la plataformización de la cultura? Este artículo analiza el aporte de dichas antologías frente a la creciente hegemonía del modelo de plataformas como modo de producción y distribución característico del medio digital. Ya que la literatura electrónica constituye un campo liminar fértil para repensar las categorías de la crítica literaria, la hipótesis es que ilustra la oscilación entre dos polos de los contenidos digitales, el de la capturabilidad y el del desborde, cuyos alcances estéticos y políticos son paradojales. Una primera intuición es que en las interfaces es donde efectivamente se crea el campo cultural digital. El objetivo es presentar dos problemas conexos: los desafíos a la crítica ante este nuevo escenario y la diferencia entre a) producciones plenamente integradas o convergentes en tanto contenidos digitales normalizados en el contexto de las plataformas on-line y b) aquellas que desbordan los límites de la estandarización a partir de otras dinámicas de indexación y distribución. Se introduce además la propuesta de una estética forense como vía de indagación y se propone a las interfaces como objeto de estudio de relevancia. Las interfaces se abordan entonces a partir del contraste entre un ‘modelo
container
’ estandarizante y las operaciones de indexación de obras que desbordan la lógica del mero ‘contenido’.
SuperBIT Superpressure Flight Instrument Overview and Performance: Near-diffraction-limited Astronomical Imaging from the Stratosphere
Authors: Gill Ajay S. , Benton Steven J. , Damaren Christopher J. , Everett Spencer W. , Fraisse Aurelien A. , Hartley John W. , Harvey David , Holder Bradley , Huff Eric M. , Jauzac Mathilde , Jones William C. , Lagattuta David , Leung Jason S.-Y. , Li Lun , Luu Thuy Vy T. , Massey Richard , McCleary Jacqueline E. , Nagy Johanna M. , Netterfield C. Barth , Paracha Emaad , Redmond Susan F. , Rhodes Jason D. , Robertson Andrew , Romualdez L. Javier , Schmoll Jürgen , Shaaban Mohamed M. , Sirks Ellen L. , Vassilakis Georgios N. , Vitorelli André Z.
Published: July 2024

SuperBIT was a 0.5 m near-UV to near-infrared wide-field telescope that launched on a NASA superpressure balloon into the stratosphere from New Zealand for a 45-night flight. SuperBIT acquired multiband images of galaxy clusters to study the properties of dark matter using weak gravitational lensing. We provide an overview of the instrument and its various subsystems. We then present the instrument performance from the flight, including the telescope and image stabilization system, the optical system, the power system, and the thermal system. SuperBIT successfully met the instrument’s technical requirements, achieving a telescope pointing stability of 0.″34 ± 0.″10, a focal plane image stability of 0.″055 ± 0.″027, and a point-spread function FWHM of ∼0.″35 over 5-minute exposures throughout the 45-night flight. The telescope achieved a near-diffraction-limited point-spread function in all three science bands (u, b, and g). SuperBIT served as a pathfinder to the GigaBIT observatory, which will be a 1.34 m near-UV to near-infrared balloon-borne telescope.
High-resolution Observation and Magnetic Modeling of a Solar Minifilament: The Formation, Eruption, and Failing Mechanisms
Authors: Teng Weilin , Su Yingna , Liu Rui , Chen Jialin , Liu Yanjie , Dai Jun , Cao Wenda , Shen Jinhua , Ji Haisheng
Published: July 2024

Minifilaments are widespread small-scale structures in the solar atmosphere. To better understand their formation and eruption mechanisms, we investigate the entire life of a sigmoidal minifilament located below a large quiescent filament observed by Big Bear Solar Observatory/Goode Solar Telescope on 2015 August 3. The Hα structure initially appears as a group of arched threads, then transforms into two J-shaped arcades, and finally forms a sigmoidal shape. Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO)/Atmospheric Imaging Assembly observations in 171 Å show that two coronal jets occur around the southern footpoint of the minifilament before the minifilament eruption. The minifilament eruption starts from the southern footpoint, then interacts with the overlying filament and fails. The aforementioned observational changes correspond to three episodes of flux cancellations observed by SDO/Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager. Unlike previous studies, the flux cancellation occurs between the polarity where the southern footpoint of the minifilament is rooted and an external polarity. We construct two magnetic field models before the eruption using the flux rope insertion method and find a hyperbolic flux tube above the flux cancellation site. The observation and modeling results suggest that the eruption is triggered by the external magnetic reconnection between the core field of the minifilament and the external fields due to flux cancellations. This study reveals a new triggering mechanism for minifilament eruptions and a new relationship between minifilament eruptions and coronal jets.