bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Learning-Oriented Assessment in a Testing-Oriented Culture
Authors: Wicking Paul
Published: March 2020

The last decade has witnessed increasing attention being paid to the way in which assessment promotes learning in various cultural contexts. Even so, there has been very little scholarly discussion coming from Japan, where it appears that methods of assessment are oriented around high-stakes summative testing. One theoretical model of formative assessment that is gaining traction worldwide is learning-oriented assessment (LOA). Although LOA has been tried and tested in the Hong Kong context for implementation in Confucian heritage cultures, its suitability for Japan has not yet been explored. There are three core components of LOA praxis: learning-oriented assessment tasks, developing evaluative expertise, and student engagement with feedback. The aim of the present study is to apply this theoretical model of learning-oriented assessment as a conceptual lens to examine existing research from the Japanese context. By doing so, it is hoped that a firm contextual grounding could be established that would support and guide the practice of learning-oriented assessment in EFL education in Japan.

近年、様々な文化的文脈の中で、評価がいかに学習を促進するかに注目が集まってきている。しかし総括的評価と一発試験が重要視されている日本では、評価をめぐる学術的論議は極めて少ない。世界で普及しつつある形成的評価の理論モデルの1つに、学習重視の評価learning-oriented assessment (LOA) がある。LOA は、儒教の伝統文化圏では香港での導入が試みられているが、日本での適合性については未だ検証されていない。LOAの実践には3つの重要な要素がある。すなわち、学習重視の評価タスク、評価能力の向上、そしてフィードバックに対する学生の関心である。本論の目的は、既存研究を日本の状況から検証するための統合的手法としてLOAの理論モデルを適用することである。それによって、日本の評価方法の背景が明確になり、日本のEFL教育におけるLOAの応用が推進される。
Baseline-dependent effect of dopamine’s precursor L-tyrosine on working memory gating but not updating
Authors: Jongkees Bryant J.
Published: March 2020

Adaptive goal-directed behavior requires a dynamic balance between maintenance and updating within working memory (WM). This balance is controlled by an input-gating mechanism implemented by dopamine in the basal ganglia. Given that dopaminergic manipulations can modulate performance on WM-related tasks, it is important to gain mechanistic insight into whether such manipulations differentially affect updating (i.e., encoding and removal) and the closely-related gate opening/closing processes that respectively enable/prevent updating. To clarify this issue, 2.0 g of dopamine’s precursor L-tyrosine was administered to healthy young adults (N = 45) in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, within-subjects study. WM processes were empirically distinguished using the reference-back paradigm, which isolates performance related to updating, gate opening, and gate closing. L-tyrosine had a selective, baseline-dependent effect only on gate opening, which was evidenced by markedly reduced variance across subjects in gate opening performance in the L-tyrosine compared with the placebo condition, whereas the whole-sample average performance did not differ between conditions. This indicates a pattern of results whereby low-performing subjects improved, whereas high-performing subjects were impaired on L-tyrosine. Importantly, this inverted U-shaped pattern was not explained by regression to the mean. These results are consistent with an inverted-U relationship between dopamine and WM, and they indicate that updating and gating are differentially affected by a dopaminergic manipulation. This highlights the importance of distinguishing these processes when studying WM, for example, in the context of WM deficits in disorders with a dopaminergic pathophysiology.
Instrumental Theater in the Modern Ukrainian Composers’ Creativity
Authors: Berehova Olena
Published: March 2020

Relevance of research. Instrumental theatre as a specific phenomenon of musical creativity was first recognized in the mid-1960s. Researchers note the following features of the instrumental theatre: the search for a new musical language; the presence of sound drama; appeal to the voice and the word as a background or semantic subtext; hidden polyphony; openness to protest and provocation; the stage game of the musicians-performers.
However, this original artistic phenomenon remains little investigated in Ukrainian musicology.
The purpose of the article is to actualize the samples of the instrumental theatre in Ukrainian musicology, presented in the works of L. Yurina, S. Zagitchka and S. Yarunsky, and based on the analysis of new works to conclude the directions of the development of contemporary musical thinking.
Methods of the research – analytical, the complex of musicological methods’ research (based on the classification of works by the number of participants).
Conclusions. Regardless of the genre variety, practically for all considered opuses, characteristic fixation in the scores of the smallest nuances of execution is common.
Changing the paradigms of writing, performing and perceiving music, in many works the spectacular factor dominates over the actual musical, the increasing visualization and theatricalization of the musical process became evidence of the transformation of modern musical thinking.
Practical significance. The instrumental theatre is a relatively new phenomenon both in world culture and in Ukrainian music. Further research of this phenomenon will help not only to distinguish its specific features, but also to realize new spiritual constants of the present.
Notized Collections of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church (XI–XIV Century)
Authors: Рidhorbunskyi Mykola
Published: March 2020

The aim of the study. The article is devoted to the research of the Old Kyiv noble collections of the Orthodox Church. Decoding the notebook of this period remains a rather complicated and unresolved problem. There are certain gaps in the study of liturgical notables of the period of Kievan Rus not allowing them to be translated into contemporary notation. The objectives of this study were to analyse and explore the collected collections of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church and to develop ways that would facilitate the deciphering of Old Man’s written manuscripts.
The research methodology is based on a combination of different research methods: analytical method helped to analyse and explore the collected collections of the period of Kievan Rus; statistical and chronological methods helped to define the time and quantitative characteristics; the comparative method helped to reveal the general and specific features of old-fashioned liturgical manuscripts; the hypothetical-deductive method allowed analysing various hypotheses and outlining ways that will help to decipher the old-time written manuscripts.
Conclusions. The main material for studying the liturgical singing from the XIth to the XIVth century is the published manuscripts, the total number of which does not exceed four dozen, which allow concluding that the basic principles of ancient Kievan singing were laid during that period. However, the deciphering of the early forms of Kiev inaccurate writing today represents an unresolved problem to be solved by active cooperation with scientists from Western European countries, using the latest computer technologies and the complete cataloguing of ancient musical manuscripts.
Intention, Idioms, Myth: Towards the Morphology of Drama
Authors: Yudkin Ihor
Published: March 2020

It is drama where the powers of entirety of a text as an ideal object reveal themselves most fully because the events are conceived in the manner of diegesis being mediated with the inner world of subjects, so that the text is built up as “the communication about communication”, that is as a message about the messages of the dramatis personae. Communication as the representation of purposefulness entails the transformation of deeds into messages that bear the intentional conflicts. In its turn, intentionality generalizes modal and aspectual parameters of a text where the particular place is occupied with the infinitive mode as the representation of the places of indefiniteness to be reconsidered and interpreted. The state of indefiniteness (anti-emphasis) of the actual subjective-predicative relations determines the opportunities of the hermeneutic and heuristic interpretation as the source for idioms’ formation. In particular the differences in ascribing predicative or subjective values to the same locution become the source of its idiomatic transition within the dramatis personae’s cues. Drama is a kind of the self-referential text that is closed within the circle of the communication’s participants and is developed as the procedure of solving the riddles that if directed towards the point of the elucidation of circumstances (anagnosis).
Homo Manifestans or Artistic Interpretation of Social Upheavals at the Beginning of the XXIst Century
Authors: Butsenko Oleksandr
Published: March 2020

The paper analyses the interrelation between different methods of cognition of the modern world and its inward processes, in particular, social upheavals at the beginning of the 21st century which are enquired with varied tools: artistic interpretation, sociological analysis, philosophical insight and historical evaluation. Building on the pictorial suite Mani-Festa by well-known Catalan modern artist Antoni Miró (b. 1944), the paper addresses causes, nature and visible outputs of the global phenomenon named “people on streets” using thoughts, considerations, views and conclusions of such scientists, thinkers, writers and historians as Z. Bauman, L. Donskis, M. Castells, R. de la Calle, M. Shore, R. Dasgupta and others. The analysed Catalan artist reflects in faces of his protagonists the collective image of the struggle for human rights, paraphrasing R.de la Calle. It is a collective image of some spiritual unity which emerges around a common objective uniting people of diverse background, professions, nationalities, age. Analysing the creative interpretation of “social context” by the case of art works of the Catalan painter, Antoni Miró, the author demonstrates how the thoughts, suggestions and conclusions of related disciplines – sociology, philosophy and history, existing in a given social time, are condensed in artistic expressions. And sometimes, it is a work of art or a work of literature that could help to understand better the ongoing processes and phenomena of surrounding world providing deeper, more comprehensive and more emotional vision. Along with mentioned thinkers and writers, the artist puts the question: what would be then, after the building ground, as Z. Bauman coined, has been cleaned. Should it be a new – perhaps, creative – and better solution for the world affirming the “there-is-no-alternative” principle.
Root Canal Configuration Evaluation on the Basis of Sectioning and Clearing Techniques
Authors: Farooq S. M. , Khan Tahir Ali , Farooq Owais
Published: March 2020

Objectives:Determination of Root canal configuration of maxillary first and second molar teeth was the aim of this study.Study design: An in vitro experimental study.Place and duration of the study:Study was conducted in Gandhara University for a period of six month.Materials and Methods:Specimens were analyzed by sectioning and clearing techniques for evaluation of the pattern and configuration of roots. Dye penetration was the criteria which were then evaluated through microscope.Results:In clearing group, type-I canals are 18% more than sectioning group. While type-II was reversely i.e. 19% more in sectioning group than clearing group.Conclusion:Difference in both the study groups could be mainly due to failure of dye to pass through sclerosed or minute diameter secondary canal in clearing group. This study verifies that method of research has great influence on the results.
Self-Reported Prevalence & Associated Factors for Occurrence of Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis (RAS) in Undergraduate Medical & Dental Students
Authors: Afridi Saira , Kundi Jawad Ahmad , Hayat Faisal
Published: March 2020

Background:Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is the most common painful oral lesions that occur frequently inyoung adults; however the etiology still remains unknown. The present study was conducted to explorethe prevalence of RAS in undergraduate medical & dental students as these are the group who are in theirearly adulthood and are prone to stress during studies.Materials and Methods:This was a cross-sectional survey carried out in Gandhara University. Two hundred students of MBBS &BDS participated in the questionnaire survey. Interview was done through a close-ended questionnaire toreport the prevalence of RAS, the associated history, clinical features & preferred treatment.Results:Prevalence of RAS was found to be 87.5% in the study population. Most common site was lower lip where20% people have ever experienced oral ulcer. Most of the participants (46%) tried topical gels and 55%found the treatment effective. Majority was not sure which medication they used. Approximately half (48%)of the students associated the ulcer onset with their psychological stress.Conclusion:The prevalence of RAS was found to be alarming (85.7%) among medical and dental students ofGandhara University. The most common associated factors as experienced and reported by the studentswere found to be family predisposition and psychological stress.
Frequency and Risk Factors Associated with Positive Cases of Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C in 100 Dialysis Dependent Patients
Authors: Gul Riaz , Zeb Ahmad , Sher Naila
Published: March 2020

The main objective of the study was to determine the frequency of hepatitis B and hepatitis C in hemodialysis dependent patients who are positive for either type of hepatitis infection.Methodology:Study was conducted for duration of five months (1st Dec 2014- 23rd April 2015) at nephrology unit of Khyber teaching hospital and kidney center of Hayat Abad medical complex. Patients who were dependent on dialysis with renal failure due to any cause were targeted for the study. All patients who were found positive for either type of hepatitis infection were included in the study. All patients who were positive with hepatitis infection before the start of dialysis and those who came for the first time for dialysis were excluded from the study.A semi structured questionnaire with both open and close ended questions was used to collect the information from the patients. Written consent was taken from all the patients prior to the data collection after explaining purpose of the study. It was a cross sectional study and non-probability convenient sampling technique was adopted for the data collection. Total of hundred patients who were positive for hepatitis were taken as sample size. Patient’s record was also thoroughly checked as an adding tool for data collection. Apart from patients some inquiry was also done from the concerned staff working on dialysis machines.Results:Results of this study show that the prevalence of hepatitis infection is more in dialysis dependent patients as compared to the general population, and that among the positive cases the frequency of hepatitis C was more than hepatitis B. Common risk factors associated with increase prevalence of hepatitis infection among hemodialysis dependent patients are frequent blood transfusion without proper screening, lack of proper sterilization of dialysis machine and environment where dialysis is carried out. Close proximity of the patients with positive cases of hepatitis positive patients, previous surgical procedures carried out, history of hepatitis infection in family and decreased immunity of the dialysis patientsConclusions:Frequent dialysis leads to increase frequency of hepatitis C as compared to hepatitis B and unsterilized environment of the area around the machine and unscreened blood transfusion are the major contributors.
Odontogenic Myxoma in the Maxilla
Authors: Ali Shah Syed Murad , Kundi Jawad Ahmad , Khttak Shahid Khan , Khttak Shahid Khan , Hameed Tariq , Safdar Mubah
Published: March 2020

SUMMARYThe aim of this paper is to determine the unique and very interesting case of odontogenic myxoma, which involved the right maxilla and its sinus. Odontogenic myxomas are considered to be a benign odontogenic tumor with locally aggressive behavior and non-metastasizing neoplasm of the jaw bones. It represents an uncommon benign neoplasm comprising 3–6% of all odontogenic tumors. It is usually derived from the dental mesenchyme or periodontal ligament. Despite the benign nature of myxoma, there is a high rate of local recurrence after curettage alone and thus in certain cases adequate resection is the only option.
Causes and Patterns of Tooth Extraction among the Patients Attending a Dental Hospital in Peshawar, Pakistan
Authors: Ilyas Muhammad , Kundi Jawad Ahmad , Khan Sara , . Ambreen , Amin Sumaira , Shah Tehmina
Published: March 2020

OBJECTIVEThe aim of this study was to determine the primary reasons for tooth extraction and the type of tooth involved in extraction.METHODOLOGYA cross-sectional study was conducted after the approval of the ethical committee of the hospital at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sardar Begum Dental Hospital from July 2015 to December 2015. A total of n=4230 permanent tooth extractions were included with female n=2532 and male n=1698. The primary reasons for tooth extraction specified were caries, periodontal diseases, prosthetic and orthodontic purposes, impaction and trauma. The data was analyzed using SPSS-22. Descriptive statistics was applied for causes and frequency of tooth extraction. Chi-square tests were performed using p ≤0.05 significance level to determine if any significant difference existed among the genders.RESULTSThe mean age presentation was 39.6±15.9 years and the age range 13-70 years. The female patient predominate n=2532 (59.85%) the male patients n=1698 (40.12%). Caries was the dominant cause of extraction in both subjects n=2652 (62.70%), followed by periodontal disease n=930 (22.00%), prosthetic purpose n=366 (8.70%), orthodontic purpose n=156 (3.70%) while cause of extraction due to trauma n=30 (0.70%) was the least one in both subjects. In female the dominant arch is mandibular arch n=1404 (55.45%) than maxillary arch n=1128 (44.55%) while in male maxillary arch n=906(53.36%) predominate the mandibular arch n=792 (46.64%). First permanent molars n=936(11.07% ) were the most common tooth type involved in tooth extraction in both genders [upper: n=408 (9.64%), lower: n=528 (12.50%)]. Upper central incisor n=120 (2.84%) is the least common tooth involved in tooth extraction. The chi-square test illustrates that there is no significant difference exist among both subjects (chi-square=0.9797, p=0.323).CONCLUSIONCaries is the dominant cause of extraction and the most frequent teeth involved in extraction is lower first molar.
Frequency of Oropharyngeal Cancer Among Males
Authors: Khan Asghar , Kabir Sofia , Musa Nighat
Published: March 2020

OBJECTIVE:Background: Worldwide oropharyngeal cancers are one of ten most common cancers. A multitude of factors are responsible for the development of oropharyngeal cancers. Some factors are non- modifiable like age, sex, genetics and many are modifiable risk factors like tobacco use, chewing betel nuts, eating paan, alcohol and UV light exposure etc. The main purpose of this study was to analyze frequency and different risk factors associated with oropharyngeal cancers among males visiting tertiary care hospitals of Peshawar.METHODOLOGY:A cross-sectional study was conducted on 100 male patients having different cancers visiting tertiary care hospitals of Peshawar. Study duration was 5 months from January to May 2015. Non-probability convenient sampling technique was used. Semi-structured questionnaire, Patient’s record were used as data collecting tools. Different risk factors were assessed and analyzed.RESULTS:Frequency of oropharyngeal cancers was found to be 19%. Common risk factors among these patients were prolong Ultra violet light exposure (4-8 hrs) 74%, 42% were smokers, 42% had history of oral thrush, 37% patients were in a habit of taking snuff regularly, 36% history of leukoplakia and 16% had smoked meat diet history.CONCLUSION:Prolong exposure to ultra violet radiations, smoking, snuff and human papiloma virus increases risk of patients for oropharyngeal cancers.
Frequency of Naturally Occurring Maxillary Midline Diastema (mmd) and its Association with Enlarged Labial Frenulum in Students of Public Medical College Mardan, Pakistan
Authors: Qamar Wajiha , Qadir Sidra , Bilal Hazrat , . Ahmad
Published: March 2020

OBJECTIVE:

The study was conducted to determine the prevalence of naturally occurring maxillary midline diastema (MMD) in students of public sector medical college in Mardan, Pakistan and its association with enlarged labial frenulum.

METHODOLOGY:

The cross-sectional study was conducted in Mardan where students were assessed to determine MMD. Sample size was 150 (males 76%, n= 114; females 24%, n= 36). Ethical consideration was followed, and data was analyzed using SPSS version 17 for descriptive statistics.

RESULTS:

Only 20% (n= 30) male students were having MMD while out of these only 20% (n= 6) were having enlarged labial frenulum. No MMD was found in female students

CONCLUSION:

The maxillary midline diastema is more pronounced in male students and the authors decline the observation based on their findings that major contributing factor in MMD is because of enlarged labial frenulum.
Correlation Between the Maturation Stages of Mandibular Third Molars and Chronological Age in Patients Visiting Sardar Begum Dental College, Peshawar
Authors: Ilyas Muhammad , Khan Asma , Shah Syed Murad Ali , Khan Salman , Malik Junaid Nadeem
Published: March 2020

OBJECTIVES:

The objective of this study was to determine the correlation of chronological age with the maturation stages of mandibular third molar.

METHODOLOGY:

This descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted at Sardar Begum Dental College, Gandhara University Peshawar on 384 patients from January 2018 to June 2018 and included patients having age 11-26 years with good quality Orthopantomogram showing mandibular third molar tooth germs bilaterally. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 22. p ≤ 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.

RESULTS:

Females 286 (74.5%) were predominant than males 98 (25.5%) with mean age presentation of 18.12±3.03 years. The most frequent stage of Demirjian’s stages of mandibular third molar was stage F (24.7%). Pearson correlation showed that maturation stages of mandibular third molars were significantly related to the chronological age ( r=0.446, p value=0.00).

CONCLUSION:

A correlation between maturation stages of mandibular third molars and chronological age existed.
“False Patellar Duplication” Originated from Synovial Osteochondromatosis in Knee Joint: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Trung Dung Tran , Son Tung Pham , Chu Dinh Thien , Chu Dinh Toi
Published: March 2020

BACKGROUND: “False patellar duplication” is a situation where there are two pieces in the position of a knee-joint like patella. It can derive from cartilage tumors, soft tissue tumors, or gout tumors, or due to the heterotopic ossification, forming a sub patella in the knee joint.
CASE REPORT: A woman, 57 years old, healthy history, she has hospitalized for right knee joint pain since 2 years. Diagnosis: the synovial osteochondromatosis of the right knee. We decided to conduct and arthroscopy and removal. After 18 months surgery, the patient knee joint is currently good, range of motion (ROM) (-10)°- 0°-160°, Lysholm Knee Scoring Scale 85/100 point.
CONCLUSION: This is the second case in the world and the first case in Vietnam. This is an experience in the process of diagnosis, arthroscopic treatment and differentiation from the "double patellae" status.
The Role of Serial NT-ProBNP Level in Prognosis and Follow-Up Treatment of Acute Heart Failure after Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery
Authors: Thanh Bui Duc , Son Nguyen Hong , Pho Dinh Cong , Bac Nguyen Duy , Nga Vu Thi , Dung Quan Anh , Anh Do Duc , Linh Do Dieu , Viet Hoang Thi Bich , Anh Bui Dang The , Tan Ha The , Hung Pham Ngoc
Published: March 2020

BACKGROUND: After coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery, heart failure is still major problem. The valuable marker for it is needed.
AIM: Evaluating the role of serial NT-proBNP level in prognosis and follow-up treatment of acute heart failure after CABG surgery.
METHODS: The prospective, analytic study evaluated 107 patients undergoing CABG surgery at Ho Chi Minh Heart Institute from October 2012 to June 2014. Collecting data was done at pre- and post-operative days with measuring NT-proBNP levels on the day before operation, 2 hours after surgery, every next 24 h until the 5th day, and in case of acute heart failure occurred after surgery.
RESULTS: On the first postoperative day (POD1), the NT-proBNP level demonstrated significant value for AHF with the cut-off point = 817.8 pg/mL and AUC = 0.806. On the second and third postoperative day, the AUC value of NT- was 0.753 and 0.751. It was statistically significant in acute heart failure group almost at POD 1 and POD 2 when analyzed by the doses of dobutamine, noradrenaline, and adrenaline (both low doses and normal doses).
CONCLUSION: Serial measurement of NT-proBNP level provides useful prognostic and follow-up treatment information in acute heart failure after CABG surgery.
The impact of 3CM model within blended learning to students' creative thinking ability
Authors: Wahyudi Wahyudi , Waluya S.B , Suyitno Waluya , Isnarto Isnarto
Published: March 2020

Creating an enjoyable atmosphere and fostering creativity are the two most required components in learning mathematics. Hence, creativity would enable students to formulate something new. In addition, creativity is one of the most important and highest competencies in Bloom’s latest taxonomy. Furthermore, it is necessary to be possessed by everyone including prospective teachers. Not only for producing products in the form of objects, but the term creative also refers to problem solving in mathematic problems. This research is conducted to obtain a detail description regarding the impact of 3CM learning model among blended learning toward the enhancement of students’ creative thinking skills in mathematical problem solving. To achieve this goal, a pre-experimental design with one group pre-test post-test design pattern is chosen. Creative thinking skills are measured by test techniques and are emulated with observation techniques. Observations were performed when students worked on the test. The impact of 3CM learning with blended learning seen from test results paired sample T tests with the help of SPSS program a that are acquired from close ended questionnaire techniques. The results show that the average of pre-test is 60.51 and the average of post-test is 75.96. As for the results of paired T tests is the test got sig value (2-tailed) 0.000, and hence there was a significant gap among the results of pre-test and post-test. All of these results imply that 3CM learning within blended learning is undoubtedly able to increase students’ creativity in solving mathematical problems. This is due to the learning situation and activities which push students to do systematic thinking. It was started by criticizing the enchanting contextual problems, creating creative products based on particular mathematical concepts, and ended by having meaningful reflection.
Mood Disorders in Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Mufti Sarah , LaFaver Kathrin
Published: March 2020

Non-motor symptoms represent a unique challenge when caring for patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Mood disorders, especially anxiety and depression, are among the most common non-motor symptoms and often remain underrecognized and undertreated. With increasing recognition of their debilitating nature and significant impact on quality of life in PD, the importance of early detection and treatment of anxiety and depression in PD has been emphasized. Although progress has been made in in understanding the pathogenesis of mood disorders in PD, there is a paucity of randomized, controlled treatment studies in this population. This review summarizes the current approach to evaluation as well as pharmacological and nonpharmacological treatment for mood disorders in PD, with an emphasis on depression and anxiety.

[
Psychiatr Ann
. 2020;50(3):95–99.]
Psychosis in Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Remz Matthew , Salinas Meagen
Published: March 2020

Clinically defined by consensus in 2007, Parkinson's disease psychosis (PDP) encompasses psychiatric symptoms of illusions, hallucinations, and delusions associated with Parkinson's disease. Since that time, an increase in research has yielded new insights into clinical features of PDP, how these symptoms evolve over time, and novel therapeutic targets. This article reviews the literature surrounding PDP, highlighting the spectrum of clinical manifestations, the pathophysiology, and treatment options. The article concludes with a treatment strategy incorporating the reviewed evidence.

[
Psychiatr Ann
. 2020;50(3):113–120.]
The Relationship Between Past Experience, Empathy, and Attitudes Toward Poverty
Authors: Alexander Karen , Clary-Muronda Valerie , Smith Jamie M. , Ward Julia
Published: March 2020

Background:

Nursing educators commonly place service-learning and simulation experiences in prelicensure public health nursing courses. These experiences have varying degrees of success in targeting gaps in students' knowledge and attitudes regarding vulnerable populations. This study sought to identify factors that are associated with attitudes toward poverty and empathy scores of senior-level prelicensure nursing students to improve pedagogy in public health nursing courses.

Method:

A cross-sectional comparison of senior-level nursing students from traditional and accelerated cohorts at a college of nursing was conducted.

Results:

Students with prior volunteer experience reported lower empathy scores compared with students who did not have prior volunteer experience (
t
[102] = −1.9,
p
< .05).

Conclusion:

Nursing educators should engage students in identifying and evaluating their personal background related to poverty when beginning a public health nursing course to address bias and create shared knowledge.

[
J Nurs Educ
. 2020;59(3):158–162.]
LA SCELTA PER LA REPUBBLICA
Authors: Pinelli Cesare
Published: March 2020

Al referendum del 2 giugno 1946, la Repubblica prevalse sulla Monarchia. Questo segnò uno spartiacque nella storia italiana, anche se gli elettori apparvero fortemente divisi lungo le linee territoriali, data la maggioranza conquistata dai monarchici nel Sud e in parte nel Centro del Paese. L'autore ricostruisce il complesso processo decisionale che ha portato i nuovi partiti politici italiani a dare all'elettorato, piuttosto che all'Assemblea Costituente contestualmente eletta, la possibilità di decidere sulla questione. In particolare, il saggio tenta di spiegare perché tale scelta, formalmente sancita dal decreto legislativo del tenente del 16 marzo 1946, n. 98, abbia comportato il rischio di una profonda divisione del Paese. E come, nonostante tale rischio, i protagonisti del nuovo sistema politico abbiano finalmente raggiunto la consapevolezza che si deve dare fiducia agli elettori per preparare un futuro costituzionale comune.
IL MONDO SCOMPOSTO
Authors: Finocchiaro Anna
Published: March 2020

La caduta del Muro di Berlino ha rotto l'equilibrio dell'ordine politico in Italia e ha decretato la fine dei partiti di massa. In Europa l'idea che il crollo del Muro di Berlino avesse espulso il conflitto dalla storia sembrava un'illusione. Sia in Italia che in Europa ciò era dovuto a una insufficiente capacità di comprensione e di governo di un evento così complesso e degli innumerevoli effetti che avrebbe causato.
LA FRATTURA NORD-SUD. L’ASIMMETRIA TERRITORIALE COME QUESTIONE DEMOCRATICA
Authors: Staiano Sandro
Published: March 2020

Lo schema analitico delle fratture elaborato da Stein Rokkan e Seymour M. Lipset può essere utilmente applicato alla "questione meridionale", in quanto riguarda la doppia dimensione del processo politico, caratterizzato da conflitti culturale-territoriali ed economicofunzionali Passando da queste opzioni metodologiche, per quanto riguarda il "Mezzogiorno", è importante notare che le premesse costitutive prevedevano il superamento della frattura all'interno dei processi di democratizzazione dell'ordinamento giuridico guidati dai partiti politici e basati, in larga misura, sulla regionalizzazione; il ritardo nell'attuazione delle Regioni, tuttavia, ha portato immediatamente al carattere centralizzato e tecnocratico delle grandi riforme volte a incidere sulla condizione meridionale: la riforma agraria e l'intervento straordinario attraverso la "Cassa per il Mezzogiorno". E, una volta costituite, le Regioni non sono più quelle auspicate dall'assemblea costituente: da enti legislativi e pianificatori, diventano minuscoli organi amministrativi affollati di dipendenti, in sistemi ipertrofici. Diventano quindi il veicolo di infiltrazione dei partiti politici - lontani dall'idea costituzionale - che pervadono le agenzie che avrebbero dovuto occuparsi della frattura Nord-Sud. Le politiche - dopo un primo successo - si degradano e falliscono. Ma l'asimmetria territoriale rimane la questione principale. Senza risolverla, l'Italia sarà sempre meno adeguata ad affrontare la concorrenza nella dimensione europea e internazionale: al "ritardo" del "Mezzogiorno" si aggiunge ora quello dell'intero Paese. Per questo motivo, i nuovi impulsi per una "separazione del Nord", nell'illusione di creare piccole patrie economiche su scala regionale, sono particolarmente rischiosi.
Four-day course on prosthetics, amputations and amputee rehabilitation
Authors: Beenhakker J. C.
Published: March 2020

No abstract available.
Detrital zircon signatures in Precambrian and Paleozoic sedimentary units in southern New Brunswick – more pieces of the puzzle
Authors: Barr Sandra M. , Van Rooyen Deanne , Miller Brent V. , White Chris E. , Johnson Susan C.
Published: March 2020

Southern New Brunswick consists of a complex collage of fault-bounded belts of Late Neoproterozoic igneous and metamorphic rocks, Early Paleozoic sedimentary, metamorphic and igneous units, and overlying Carboniferous sedimentary rocks. The area also contains the boundary between the Avalonian and Ganderian terranes as interpreted in the northern Appalachian orogen. New detrital zircon ages reported here provide improved understanding of depositional ages and provenance of diverse Neoproterozoic to Carboniferous rocks in this complex area. Detrital zircon data from samples with Neoproterozoic maximum depositional ages indicate a dominantly Gondwanan provenance with a strong influence from the Amazonian craton. However, quartzite from The Thoroughfare Formation on Grand Manan Island contains dominanly 2 Ga zircon grains, consistent with derivation from the West African Craton. The age spectrum is similar to that from the Hutchins Island Quartzite in the Isleboro block in Penobscot Bay, Maine, strengthening the previously proposed correlation between the two areas. Cambrian samples also show prominent peri-Gondwanan provenance with strong influence from Ediacaran to Early Cambrian arc magmatism. The maximum depositional ages of these samples are consistent with previous interpretations of Cambrian ages based on fossil correlations and field data. A Carboniferous sample from Avalonia shows a significant contribution from Devonian magmatism as the youngest detrital component, although its depositional age based on field relationships is Carboniferous. The results exemplify the need to integrate multiple datasets in making interpretations from detrital zircon data.
Patterns of Heavy Metals in a Continuous Toxicity Monitoring System using Bioluminescent Bacteria
Authors: Lee Kil-Soo , Lee Seung-Joo , Wang Chang-Keun , Choi Young-Gyun , Hong Keum-Yong
Published: March 2020

Objectives:The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of heavy metals (Zn2+, Pb2+, Hg2+, Cd2+) toxicity in a real-time biosensor which is based on measuring the attenuation of light intensity emitted by Vibrio fischeri.Methods:The inhibition test included four heavy metals and the spiked effluent wastewater. The toxicity of the test samples was assessed by freeze-dried bacteria (Vibrio fischeri NRRL-B-11177). The pH of the samples was adjusted to 7±0.2 before conducting the toxicity tests in oder to eliminate potential pH effects. The results obtained from the real-time biosensor that can be measuring the toxicity of the samples as a function of the emitted light. within a short period time (2 min). And then EC20 and EC50 values was estimated from inhibition curves.Results and Discussion:In case of the inhibition test for dilluents of heavy metals, EC20 values were estimated as < 0.2 mg/L for Zn(II), 0.45 mg/L for Hg(II), 0.58 mg/L for Cd(II) and 1.95 mg/L for Pb(II) and EC50 values were estimated as 0.25 mg/L for Zn(II), 0.5~1.0 mg/L for Hg(II), 1.38 mg/L for Cd(II) and 3.76 mg/L for Pb(II). The sensitivity ranking of heavy metals was in order as Zn(II) > Hg(II), > Cd(II) > Pb(II). In case of the inhibition test for the spiked effluent wastewater, EC20 values were estimated as 0.38 mg/L for Hg(II), 0.58 mg/L for Zn(II), 1.45 mg/L for Pb(II) and 1.95 mg/L for Cd(II) and EC50 values were estimated as 0.53 mg/L for Hg(II), 1.13 mg/L for Zn(II), 6.44 mg/L for Pb(II) and 7.82 mg/L for Cd(II). The sensitivity ranking of the spiked effluent wastewater was in order as Hg(II) > Zn(II) > Pb(II) > Cd(II). Compared to the Emssion Limit Value (ELV) in Korea, the EC20 value of Zn(II) was found to be lower than ELV so that it was suitable for screening of Zn(II) as to meet the criteria of effluent wastewater. However, the other EC20 value of heavy metals can be used to control the unit processes and avoid accidental discharge.Conclusions:The assessment of the toxicity of four heavy metals and spiked samples with them was performed in this study, by real-time biosensor using bioluminescent bacteria. The EC20 value of the spiked sample with Zn(II) has been found to be 0.58 mg/L lower than its ELV so that it was considered as a suitable screening for determining whether or not to exceed the permissible limit value. The use of real-time biosensor is required in combination with physicochemical analyses for an integrated screening of the industrial effluent properties.
Risk Assessment for Co-contaminated Soil Including As and Hg in the Vicinity of Abandoned Metal Mine
Authors: Park Seong-Jae , Kim Jun , Jo Young Tae , Shin Dong , Nshizirungu Theoneste , Moon Deok Hyun , Ji Won Hyun , Ko Ju In , Park Jeong-Hun
Published: March 2020

Objectives:In Korea, about 2,000 abandoned mine area has been polluted by harmful waste such as mine tailing, waste rock and acid mine drain without prevention facility. Mine waste contains high concentrations of various hazardous metallic and nonmetallic materials. Also, it can be a source of pollution for nearby soil, rivers, and ground water. Heavy metals may exist in ecosystems for a long time and may be taken by the residents through crops and drinking water. In this study, human risk assessment for heavy metal contamination was carried out.Methods:About the 564 soil samples were analyzed for heavy metal. The risk assessment of polluted soils was carried out in accordance with guideline of Korea Soil Environment Conservation Act. It was implied with hazard identification, exposure assessment, toxicity assessment, and risk characterization.Results and Discussion:The number of exceed sites for the worried level of soil concentration were 185 for As, 3 for Hg, 7 for Zn, 1 for Pb, 1 for Cu. Soil contact was the biggest impact on adults and children for carcinogenic risk followed by crop intake, soil intake, and soil inhalation. Non-carcinogenic risk for adults, were in order of crop intake > soil intake > soil contact > outdoor air inhalation (volatilization) > ground water intake and soil inhalation. For children, it was in the order of soil intake > crop intake > soil contact > outdoor air inhalation (volatilization) > ground water intake > soil inhalation.Conclusion:The carcinogenic purification target concentration for the site was determined to be 7.17 mg / kg level of arsenic, considering adult and child concentrations. However, carcinogenic purification target concentration by arsenic dermal absorption carcinogenic coefficients (SFabs) of USEPA method was 20.08 mg/kg, therefore requiring research for domestic risk assessment factor.
The (Subjective) Well-Being Cost of Fiscal Policy Shocks
Authors: Eklou Kodjovi , Fall Mamour
Published: March 2020

Do discretionary spending cuts and tax increases hurt social well-being? To answer this question, we combine subjective well-being data covering over half a million of individuals across 13 European countries, with macroeconomic data on fiscal consolidations. We find that fiscal consolidations reduce individual well-being in the short run, especially when they are based on spending cuts. In addition, we show that accompanying monetary and exchange rate policies
(disinflation, depreciations and the liberalization of capital flows) mitigate the well-being cost of fiscal consolidations. Finally, we investigate the well-being consequences of the two well-knowns expansionary fiscal consolidations episodes taking place in the 80s (in Denmark and Ireland). We find that even expansionary fiscal consolidations can have well-being costs. Our results may therefore shed some light on why some governments may choose to consolidate through taxes even at the cost of economic growth. Indeed, if spending cuts are to generate a large well-being loss, they can trigger an opposition and protest against a fiscal consolidation plan and hence making it politically costly.
Is the Whole Greater than the Sum of its Parts? Strengthening Caribbean Regional Integration
Authors: Al-Hassan Abdullah , Burfisher Mary , Chow Julian , Ding Ding , Di Vittorio Fabio , Kovtun Dmitriy , McIntyre Arnold , Ötker Inci , Santoro Marika , Shui Lulu , Youssef Karim
Published: March 2020

Deeper economic integration within the Caribbean has been a regional policy priority since the establishment of the Caribbean Community (CARICOM) and the decision to create the Caribbean Single Market and Economy (CSME). Implementation of integration initiatives has, however, been slow, despite the stated commitment of political leaders. The “implementation deficit” has led to skepticism about completing the CSME and controversy regarding its benefits. This paper analyzes how Caribbean integration has evolved, discusses the obstacles to progress, and explores the potential benefits from greater integration. It argues that further economic integration through liberalization of trade and labor mobility can generate significant macroeconomic benefits, but slow progress in completing the institutional arrangements has hindered implementation of the essential components of the CSME and progress in economic integration. Advancing institutional integration through harmonization and rationalization of key institutions and processes can reduce the fixed costs of institutions, providing the needed scale and boost to regional integration. Greater cooperation in several functional policy areas where the region is facing common challenges can also provide low-hanging fruit, creating momentum toward full integration as the Community continues to address the obstacles to full economic integration.
Solomon Islands
Authors:   International Monetary Fund. Asia and Pacific Dept
Published: March 2020

Solomon Islands has made substantial progress since the Tensions in the early
2000s but faces considerable economic and governance challenges and is highly
vulnerable to natural disasters. Finding new sources of growth is becoming urgent with
the decline in logging. Budget pressures are re-emerging; revenues have weakened
while spending has picked up, including a sharp increase in payroll. Governance
challenges stem from weak oversight of the resource sectors, a lack of transparency and
a need to strengthen public financial management. The consultation focused on similar issues to last year—restoring fiscal buffers to build resilience, strengthening public financial management
and public investment management, setting a medium-term fiscal strategy, improving
governance, improving exchange rate management and building conditions for
sustainable growth.
Short communication: Landlab v2.0: A software package for Earth surface dynamics
Authors: Barnhart Katherine R. , Hutton Eric W. H. , Tucker Gregory E. , Gasparini Nicole M. , Istanbulluoglu Erkan , Hobley Daniel E. J. , Lyons Nathan J. , Mouchene Margaux , Nudurupati Sai Siddhartha , Adams Jordan M. , Bandaragoda Christina
Published: March 2020

Abstract. Numerical simulation of the form and characteristics of Earth's surface provides insight into its evolution. Landlab is an Open Source Python package that contains modularized elements of numerical models for Earth's surface, thus reducing time required for researchers to create new or reimplement existing models. Landlab contains a gridding engine which represents the model domain as a dual graph of structured quadrilaterals (e.g., raster) or irregular Voronoi polygon-Delaunay triangle mesh (e.g., regular hexagons, radially symmetric meshes, fully irregular meshes). Landlab also contains components – modular implementations of single physical processes – and a suite of utilities which support numerical methods, input/output, and visualization. This contribution describes package development since version 1.0 and backward-compatibility breaking changes which necessitates the new major release, version 2.0. Substantial changes include refactoring the grid, improving the component standard interface, dropping Python 2 support, and creating 30 new components – for a total of 57 components in the Landlab package. We describe reasons why many changes were made in order to provide insight to designers of future packages. We conclude by discussing lessons about the dynamics of scientific software development gained from the experience of using, developing, maintaining, and teaching with Landlab.
Abstracts of the UNICAMP Academic Medical Congress (CoMAU), 2019
Authors: Executive Committee of IJMS IJMS
Published: March 2020

Abstracts of the UNICAMP Academic Medical Congress (CoMAU), 2019
Exercitar o Olhar, Agenciar Negociações... e o que mais?
Authors: De Paula de Lemos Neris Elisabete , Berselli Marcia
Published: March 2020

O artigo apresenta uma reflexão sobre a função da encenadora, articulando estudos teóricos e investigação empírica. São apresentadas características e competências técnicas vinculadas a essa função, problematizando as atribuições tradicionalmente vinculadas ao fazer da encenadora. Através da análise de práticas e procedimentos criativos vivenciados no percurso formativo da futura artista-professora, princípios do trabalho da encenadora são apresentados.
Mendigos, Comerciantes e Artistas Profissionais
Authors: Bolognesi Mario Fernando
Published: March 2020

Os mecanismos de sedução de plateias foram usados por mendigos, em especial os cerretani, pelo charlatães e pelos bufões. Ações artísticas participaram da venda de um lugar ao céu e da venda de medicamentos e serviços de saúde. Finalmente, tornaram-se venda exclusiva de espetáculos. Esse passo último requereu a especialização profissional de atores e artistas saltimbancos, incluídos no mercado de espetáculos e mediados por um empresário.
Do Texto ao Têxtil
Authors: Abreu Tássia Murad , Siqueira Adilson Roberto
Published: March 2020

O artigo busca desvendar as cooperações possíveis da cena/ção Festormance com a futura intervenção artivista Renda-se. Analisaremos o texto/têxtil à luz de Schechner, da performatividade imersiva, do “fio de Ariadne por Nietzsche”  aos olhos de Deleuze e do       encontro dionisíaco e político entre Schechner, Nietzsche e Hakim Bey como estratégias para imersão e participação em uma pesquisa em artes, urbanidades e sustentabilidade, com cunho artivista, educomunicativo e fomentador da criação-coletiva como ação para uma consciência do Ser.

 

 

Palavras-chave: performance artivista; fio de Ariadne; zona autônoma temporária; criação coletiva; consciência vestível.
Treehopper voucher specimens collected in 2018 from Jackson County, Oregon
Authors: Marshall Christopher J , Stowasser Mariana , Hilton Richard J , Kopp Dennis D , Dalton Daniel T , Walton Vaughn M.
Published: March 2020

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