bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Natural Zeolite Modification using Dithizone and Its Application as Adsorbent of Cu(II)
Authors: Setyorini Agnidian , Suhartana Suhartana , Pardoyo Pardoyo
Published: May 2018

Activation of zeolites with dithizone by reflux method was carried out at 50°C for 6 hours and the results were analyzed using FTIR and GSA. Furthermore, the modified zeolite dithizone was used to adsorb Cu2+ metal ions on variations of adsorption time of 5, 10, 15, 30 and 60 min, variation of adsorption pH 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 as well as variations in concentrations of 250, 500, 1000, 1500 and 2000 ppm. The results showed that there was a vibrational shift and a new peak emerged on the FTIR zeolite activation spectrum and modified zeolite indicating that the dithizone was present in the zeolite. GSA analysis results show that the surface area of activated zeolite is greater than natural zeolite ie 4,205 m2/g and 5,459 m2/g respectively, whereas dithizone-zeolite had a much smaller surface area of 0.925 m2/g. The selectivity of adsorption of activated zeolite to Cu(II) was greater than of dithizone-zeolite. The optimum adsorption contact time was 10 min for dithizone-zeolite and 30 min for activated zeolite. The optimum adsorption pH was at pH 5 for both adsorbents, as well as the optimum adsorption concentration at 250 ppm for both adsorbents.
Characterization of imatinib-resistant K562 cell line displaying resistance mechanisms
Authors: Hekmatshoar Yalda , Ozkan Tulin , Altinok Gunes Buket , Bozkurt Sureyya , Karadag Aynur , Karabay Arzu Zeynep , Sunguroglu Asuman
Published: May 2018

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a hematopoietic malignancy characterized by the t(9; 22) and the related oncogene, BCR-ABL. Tyrosine kinase activity of fusion protein BCR-ABL is the main cause of CML. Even if imatinib is used as a tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) for CML therapy, drug resistance may occur in patients and the clinical failure of imatinib treatment in resistant patients had resulted with the use of another alternative TKIs. BCR-ABL dependent and independent molecular mechanisms have crucial roles in drug resistance. To reveal the underlying molecular mechanisms which play significant roles in imatinib resistance in CML, we established K562 imatinib-resistant cell line (K562r5) which was continuously exposed to (5µM) imatinib to investigate molecular mechanisms which play significant roles in drug resistance. First of all, we analyzed T315I, M351T, F315L and F359C/L/V mutations with DNA sequencing as a BCR-ABL dependent mechanism in our cell lines. Moreover, we investigated BCR-ABL independent mechanisms such as apoptosis, autophagy, drug transport and DNA repair which affect drug resistance in these cell lines. In vitro cell viability was determined by MTT assay. DNA sequencing analysis was performed to detect BCR-ABL mutations. The apoptotic effect of imatinib on CML cell lines was tested by flow cytometric Annexin V-PE staining and caspase activation assays. Apoptotic, autophagic, drug transporter and DNA repair genes expression levels were determined by RT-PCR. The conventional cytogenetic analysis was performed on K562s and K562r cells. Our results indicate that inhibition of apoptosis, induction of autophagy, overexpression of efflux gene MDR1 and down-regulation of influx gene OCT1 play crucial roles in the progression of imatinib resistance.
Rhetorical Distinctions in Augustine's Early and Later Writing
Authors: Wagner Nathan
Published: May 2018

This article seeks to view Augustine's early work as a form of revelatory rhetoric where the aim is to define and express the nature of the divine. This aim contrasts with Augustine's post-ordination work where the aim is more deliberative in nature through a language that instructs and moves his audience. While the contexts and rhetorical purposes of these eras are distinct, there is a continuity in terms of Augustine's theology. I argue that it is Augustine's rhetorical context that distinguishes his early and later work through an analysis of De libero arbitrio.
Ascaris suum Cuticle Ultrastructure Due to the In Vitro Application of Ethanol Extract to Fruits Musa x paradisiaca L. ‘Pisang Ambon’
Authors: Haryatmi Dwi , Astirin Okid Parama , Widiyani Tetri
Published: May 2018

Species of Musa have various activities, one of which is anthelmintic activity. Part of banana plants that can be used as anthelmintic is part of the fruit, because of the phytochemical content possessed. Tannin is able to inhibit the enzyme cholinesterase, damage the membrane of the worm and can precipitate the protein.  The purpose of this research is to know the content of tannin and also total tannin level on ethanol extract of Musa x paradisiaca L. ‘Pisang Ambon’ and in vitro effect of the extract on Ascaris suum cuticle.  Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) showed of ethanol extract of Ambon banana containing tannin with a total test of tannin was 54.98% w/w. In vitro at negative control (NaCl 0.9%) worm death occurred at 289 hours, positive control (pyrantel pamoate 5 mg/ml) at 1 hour, extract concentration 200 mg/ml at hour 27 and concentration 400 mg/ml at 1 hour. Histopathological examination and scanning electron microscope showed a degenerative change in ultrastructures of the worm's cuticle. From the results of this study, it can be concluded that exposure of ethanol extract to Ambon banana give a damaging effect to cuticle ultrastructure in the form of crack/break, perforation and separation of muscular from cuticle and edema on A. suum worm. High tannin content in the raw/green ambon banana, can be developed to eradicate ascariasis including egg stage which until now cannot be done with synthetic drugs due to the thickness and strength of layers of worm eggs consisting of layers of protein and lipids.
Analysis of The Open Reading Frame (ORF) 29-TrnC (GCA) Sequence to Detect Indica and Japonica Sub Species on Upland Rice of Situ Bagendit and Inbred Rice of Ciherang
Authors: Istiana Rohma , Kusumaningrum Hermin Pancasakti , Ferniah Rejeki Siti
Published: May 2018

The identification and the characterization of genetic diversity of rice was the first step in the rice plant breeding program. This study aimed to detect indica or japonica sub-species on upland rice Situ Bagendit and inbred rice Ciherang using molecular markers ORF 29-TrnC (GCA) on the chloroplast genome. Rice was included to the indica sub-species if the 32 bp insertion on ORF 29-TrnC (GCA) sequence was found, on the contrary, if the deletion 32 bp on ORF 29-TrnC (GCA) was found then it was included to the japonica sub-species. DNA isolation was examined from the leaves of the rice plants, and then it tested quantitatively to determine the transparency and DNA concentration from the isolation results. PCR amplification was performed using a pair of primers CP2 and it was followed by agarose gel electrophoresis. The visualization of the DNA bands used the gel documentation. Sequencing of PCR products produced a long base 390 bp in Situ Bagendit rice and 390 bp in Ciherang rice. Analysis of the sequences showed that the insertions occurred throughout the 32 bp in Situ Bagendit rice and the insertions occurred throughout the 32 bp in Ciherang rice. The results showed that upland rice Situ Bagendit and inbred rice Ciherang were included in the indica sub-species. The knowledge of variety of genetics of rice can be used as bio-information in the plant breeding program. Further, the knowledge can be used to protect in genetic power source, the selection and the composing of superior varieties of rice which is tolerant with kinds of biotic and abiotic factor.
Effect of Manure and Inorganic Fertilizers on Vegetative, Generative Characteristics, Nutrient, and Secondary Metabolite Contents of Mungbean
Authors: Sutrisno Sutrisno , Yusnawan Eriyanto
Published: May 2018

A field experiment was conducted in the upland of Muneng Probolinggo during early dry season (April – June 2015) to study the effect of manure and inorganic fertilizers on vegetative, generative growth, nutrient, and secondary metabolite contents of mungbean (Vigna radiata L.). The treatments consisted of (1) no fertilizer, (2) 10.4, 18, 60 kg of N, P, K ha-1, (3) 22.5: 22.5: 22.5 kg of NPK ha-1, (4) 5000 kg ha-1 manure, and (5) 11.25:11.25:11.25 kg of NPK ha-1 + 2500 kg ha-1 manure. These treatments were arranged in a randomized completely block design with three replications. Application of manure, inorganic fertilizer, and its combination significantly stimulated several vegetative characters especially number of nodes, number of clusters, fresh weight of biomass, and number of nodules. At the generative characters, application of manure and inorganic fertilizers also significantly increased pod dry weight and grain dry weight. Among all treatments, NPK inorganic fertilizer (T2) gave the highest vegetative and generative growth which was shown on biomass fresh weight, pod dry weight and grain dry weight per plant. NPK fertilizer and manure applications increased total flavonoid and phenolic contents as well as antioxidant activity. This combination treatment therefore, could be suggested in mungbean cultivation to increase seed quality.
Evaluation of Soybean Resistance to Pod-Sucking Bug, Riptortus linearis F. and Performance of its Agronomic Characters
Authors: Krisnawati Ayda , Adie Mochammad Muchlish
Published: May 2018

Pod sucking bug, Riptortus linearis, is the most damaging soybean pest in Indonesia. A total of 24 soybean genotypes was identified for their resistance to pod sucking bug. The objective of the study was to classifying the resistance of some soybean genotypes against pod sucking pests. The research was conducted during the second dry season (July - October) 2016 in Ngale Research Station, East Java, Indonesia. The experimental design was arranged in randomized block design with five times repetition and two types of environment (full crop protection and controlled until 50 days of planting/dap). The resistance to pod sucking bug was evaluated based on seed damage, pod damage, and seed weight. The grouping of resistance was by using Chiang & Talekar’s method (1980). A very high natural population of pod sucking bug was recorded in the research area as seen from the average number of damaged pod in full protection environment (L1) and insecticide control until 50 dap (L2), i.e. 41.45% and 60.16%, respectively. Genotype of G511H/Anj//Anj-2-8 was consistently resistant to pod sucking bug in L1 as well as L2. This genotype also had early days to maturity (78 days) and large seed size (15.57 g/100 seed), thus potentially to be developed in tropical area of Indonesia. The availability of genotype with such characteristics is in accordance with farmers’ preference and also important to minimize yield losses.
The Effect of Red Fruit Oil (Pandanus conoideus) to the Histophysiology of Rat (Rattus norvegicus) Liver Exposed to Cigarette Smoke
Authors: Kio Albertina Dhiu , Saraswati Tyas Rini , Yuniwarti Enny Yusuf Wachidah
Published: May 2018

Free radicals in cigarette smoke may interfere the balanced of body molecules and cause the damage of hepatic cells. This issues may be prevented by using red fruit oil (Pandanus conoideus L) due to its antioxidant content. This study aimed to evaluate the structure and physiological conditions of liver when the red fruit oil given to the rat that exposed by cigarette smoke. This study carried out for 35 days with female white rats as the sample. The samples were 20 female white rats divided into four groups: P0 (negative control), P1 (positive control), P2 (exposed by cigarette smoke with administration of red fruit oil 0,1 ml/BB), P3 (exposed by cigarette smoke with administration of red fruit oil 0,2 ml/weight). The data of ALT, AST, cell diameter, and hepatic weight were analyzed by using analysis of variants (ANOVA). The results showed that administration of red fruit oil containing antioxidants can reduce levels of ALT, AST, hepatocyte diameter, and increase liver weight, although the difference is not significant compared to the control group and does not affect the eating and drinking behavior so as not to affect the body's metabolism. The conclusion of red fruit oil can reduce ALT, AST, hepatocyte diameter and increase hepatic weight due to exposure to cigarette smoke, although the difference is not significant to the control group, and does not affect the eating and drinking behavior, so good for consumption because it gives a beneficial effect on health liver organ.
Mealworm Powder as Culture Media of Local Isolate Semarang Entomopathogenic Nematodes
Authors: Widiyaningrum Priyantini , Khasanah Minnathul , Indriyanti Dyah Rini
Published: May 2018

Many researchers confirmed that entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) of the genera Heterorhabditis and Steinernema can be cultivated in vitro using artificial media that containing animal nutrition. However, artificial media with insect component hasn’t been widely studied. This research aims to analyze the population of EPNs isolate of Semarang cultivated in mealworm powder media. Five doses of mealworm powder (Tenebrio molitor) were tested in this research, i.e: 0.5; 1.0; 1.5; 2.0 g.  Culture media using 1 g of mealworm larvae was used as control. The best treatment was further tested for its pathogenicity on Macrotermes sp. at seven levels of invective juveniles (IJs) : 0; 50; 100; 150; 200; 250; 300 IJs/mL. Each treatment was repeated five times. The EPNs population and termites mortality were analyzed using ANAVA, whereas pathogenic value was calculated using Probit analysis. The result showed EPNs population were significantly (LSD test; α> 0.05), likewise on termites mortality. The EPNs isolate of Semarang optimally at 0.5 g mealworm powder and  pathogenicity against termites based on LD50 and LD90 values at 220 JI/mL and 410 JI/mL doses, respectively. In conclusion, this result  can be an alternative to mass cultivation of EPNs, in effort of development of local bioinsecticides. The findings of this study also inform farmers that EPNs can be easily cultivated using the simple and available materials.
Utilization of Oocytes Collected from Preserved Ovarian for In Vitro Production of Cat Embryos
Authors: Eriani Kartini , Boediono Arief , Sumarsono Sony Heru , Azhar Al
Published: May 2018

Preservation of ovarian tissue from severely injured or dead valuable animals has the potential to preserve female germ cells of animals. The ability to mature and fertilize of oocytes from preserved ovary of endangered species will allow us to sustain genetic and global biodiversities. The aims of this study were to investigate the viability of oocytes collected from the preserved ovary and its potential utilization for the production of cat embryos followed by in vitro maturation and fertilization. Ovary was preserved immediately in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) at 4 °C for 24 or 48 hours. The quality and viability of oocytes after the maturation process were identified microscopically using aceto-orcein staining. Biological function of the oocytes was evaluated by using in vitro culture technique for the maturation and fertilization rate in CR1aa medium culture. The results showed that the percentage of oocytes collected from preserved ovary for 24 and 48 hours that remained at the stage of metaphase-II were 29.4% and 21.9% respectively. Fertilization rates produced in the IVF using oocytes collected from ovary preserved for 24 or 48 hours were significantly lower (30%) than that of unpreserved control (36.7%). In conclusion, female germ cells of cat ovary preserved at 4 °C in PBS for 2 days were still viable for in vitro fertilization and thus can be utilized for in vitro production of cat embryos. Information obtained can be used as a basis of knowledge of using a combination of physiological reagent and cold-based preservation technique in modern reproductive technology for animals.
Sea Urchin (Echinoidea) Distribution and Abundance in the Intertidal Zone of Bengkayang Regency
Authors: Ristanto Andi , Yanti Ari Hepi , Setyawati Tri Rima
Published: May 2018

Sea urchins is the member of Echinoidea. This species can be found in tropical marine water to the poles. The study aimed to know the types, the abundance and spread of sea urchins in Bengkayang Regency. The research, used the transect method. Each station consisted of 3 transects with a length of 50 meters from the shore into the sea with the distance of 10 meters among the transects. This research obtained five species consisting of three species of the Diadema (genus) and two species of the Echinotrix (genus) i.e. Diadema antillarium, D. savignyi, D. setosum, Echinotrix calamaris and E. deadema. The density of sea urchins in Lemukutan Island ranges from 273 – 453 ind/Ha. The Density of sea urchins on Penata Kecil island ranges from 167 - 347 ind / Ha and on Penata Besar Island has a range from 307 - 387 ind/Ha. The highest diversity of sea urchins was found in Penata Kecil Island of (1.2355). The distribution of sea urchins in Lemukutan and Penata Besar Island was categorized into clumped and evenly distributed, while the distribution of sea urchin on Penata Kecil Island is included in the clustered and random categories. Distribution of sea urchins on the island is influenced by several factors such as sea water waves and food contained in the environment.
Diversity of Species and Conservation Priority of Butterfly at Suranadi Natural Park of West Lombok, Indonesia
Authors: Ilhamdi Mohammad Liwa , Idrus Agil Al , Santoso Didik
Published: May 2018

Butterflies play an important role in the ecosystem of Suranadi Natural Park in West Lombok. Butterflies help preserving the existence and diversity of flora by facilitating the process of pollination so it is crucial for flowering plants. The present study aimed at analyzing the diversity and determining the priority of butterfly conservation at Suranadi Natural Park of West Lombok. This exploration is a descriptive study. Data were observed in four-time repetition in the morning and in the afternoon for two months. The sweeping net technique following observation path was employed in this research (line left, line right,  line central and line waterway). The data analysis used the Shannon-Wiener diversity index and priority for conservation determined by Ministry of Forestry Regulation Number: P.57 / Menhut-II / 2008. Fourty (40) species of butterflies belonging to 5 families identified. The diversity index (H ') of butterflies ranges from 2.63 to 3.43 (medium-high). The two species of the Papilionidae family found at TWA Suranadi, namely, Troides helena and Papilio memnon were the priority of conservation. This research would be helpful to consider conservation strategy and ecotourism.
Long-term dynamics of humus content under different technologies of soil tillage
Authors: Demydenko O. , Boyko P. , Velychko V.
Published: May 2018

The continuous agronomic experiment revealed long-term dynamics of the total humus content and presented a forecast of the change in humus content in typical low humus chernozem under different technologies of till- age till 2050. Aim. To determine the rates of humus accumulation dynamics and mineralization of total humus and to develop the forecast of the change in its content within a continuous agronomic experiment under long- standing application of different technologies of soil tillage to typical low humus chernozem of the Left-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. Methods. Field, laboratory-analytical, mathematical and statistical. Results. The application of different technologies of tillage to typical low humus chernozem for 42 years resulted only in the delay in dehumifi cation processes and some stabilization of humus mineralization, but it did not promote its preservation and extended restoration to the initial level as of the start of the experiment. The increase in the total humus content for simple and extended restoration of humus in the centennial cycle equaled 20–25 t and 30–33 t per 1 ha respectively. To ensure the increase in content and reserves of humus for 42 years, it is necessary to introduce 10–12 t of humus per 1 ha for simple restoration of total humus content and 14–15 t per 1 ha – for extended restoration annually. Conclusions. Simple restoration of humus in typical chernozem may be stated after achieving its actual (2017) content of at least 90 % from the content as of the beginning of the centennial cycle (92 years), which ensures maximal approximation to the non-decreasing cycle of humus dynamics trends in the centennial cycle. If the humus content is ensured in the actual measurement for the level, exceeding 90 % from the initial content, and dynamics trends are growing, one may state the success of achieving the state of extended restoration of humus. The obtained state of simple and extended accumulation of humus is ensured by the positivity of the trends of humus increase during the continuous experiment (42 years) with simultaneous decrease in dehumifi cation process in the centennial cycle (92 years) which is impos- sible to neutralize completely.
Study of the process of preparing feeding mixtures using the composite mixer
Authors: Chernovol M. , Sviren M. , Kisiliov R.
Published: May 2018

Aim. Enhancing the quality and improving the technological process of mixing feeds using the new con- struction of the mixer and substantiating its rational parameters. Methods. Mathematical modeling theories, fundamentals of using machinery in animal breeding. Results. The estimated model of the functioning of a constructive-technological scheme of a composite mixer and the mathematical model of the dynamic interac- tion of mixer paddles and the solid mass of feeds were elaborated. It was established that the technological effi ciency of preparing the homogeneous mixture depends on physical and mechanic properties of its compo- nents, the impact and interaction between the form and geometric parameters of the attacking surface of the paddles, the slope angle, the setting increment and working modes of the mixer. Conclusions. The results of the studies confi rm the possibility of enhancing the effi ciency of the technology of preparing completely balanced feeding mixtures for cattle via the intensifi cation
of the mixing process using the construction of the composite belt-paddle mixer, the elaboration of theoretical fundamentals of the interaction of feed components with the working bodies and substantiating their main constructive and technological parameters.
Experimental research on vibrational digging-up of sugar beet
Authors: Adamchuk V. , Bulgakov V. , Holovach I. , Ignatiev Ye.
Published: May 2018

The technological process of vibrational digging-up of sugar beet has spread in many sugar beet-sowing coun- tries. The experience of using this process demonstrated its advantages compared against other ways of dig- ging-up, but there have been scarce experimental researches of the vibrational digging-up of sugar beet from soil which makes this topic urgent for sugar beet production. Aim. The experimental determination of rational parameters and modes of the vibrational digging-up working tool to ensure the required quality of conducting the technological process of digging sugar beet from soil. Methods. The methods of planning a multifactor ex- periment, fi eld studies, statistical processing, regression analysis of the experimental data with building graphic curves were applied. Results. A new model of a tool for vibrational digging-up of sugar beet from soil has been elaborated. The accepted program and method were used to conduct experimental research on the impact of the main construction and
technological parameters of the vibrational digging-up working tool of the beet harvester on the quality indices of performing the technological process of harvesting sugar beet. The energy parameters of new vibrational digging-up working tools were studied in fi eld conditions via registering the values of tenzometric sensors in different modes of the device and different parameters and working modes of the vibrational digging-up tools. Conclusions. It was established that there is a value of the vibration frequency and running depth in soil of the vibrational digging-up working tool for each value of the translational veloc- ity of the vibrational digging-up machine which corresponds to minimal losses and damage to crop roots. It was also found that the degree of crop root damage depends on the conditions of performing the technological process of vibrational digging-up (soil solidity and humidity), and the weight of damaged crop roots increases with the increase in solidity and the decrease in humidity of
soil.
Impact of cryopreservation on lipid composition of reproductive cells of male sterlets (Acipenser Ruthenus L.)
Authors: Drahan L. , Veselsky S. , Rud Yu. , Buchatsky L.
Published: May 2018

Aim. To estimate the impact of low temperatures on the lipid composition of reproductive cells of male sterlets (Acipenser ruthenus L) in cryopreservation environment. Methods. The determination of sperm quality (color, consistence, concentration and motility of spermatozoa) was estimated by common biochemical methods using standard equipment. Thin-layer chromatography was used to reveal fi ve fractions of neutral lipids in the sperm of investigated fi sh, which were distributed on the plates as follows: the starting line demonstrated phospholipids, cholesterol, free fatty acids, triacylglycerol and ethers of cholesterol. The adaptive property of sperm was estimated by the level of spermatozoa survival prior to and after cryopreservation. Results. The obtained results of sterlet sperm activity prior to and after cryopreservation demonstrate high quality of native sperm and its considerable deterioration after freezing/thawing. Conclusions. The impact of low temperatures on the lipid composition of reproductive cells of male sterlets (Acipenser ruthenus L) in cryopreservation environment leads to impairments of the phospholipid bilayer of their membranes. It was established that during the thawing of frozen sperm cells which preserved their viability after cryopreservation their motility and capability of fertilizing an ovum were somewhat restored with slowing down of sperm cell motility.
Actividad antibacteriana del extracto etanólico del peciolo de Rheum rhabarbarum
Authors: Pájaro Nerlis Paola , Granados Conde Clemente , Torrenegra Alarcón Miladys Esther
Published: May 2018

Los productos naturales poseen una amplia variedad de actividades biológicas que nos permiten encontrar nuevas alternativas terapéuticas. En este trabajo se evaluó laactividad antibacteriana in vitro del extracto etanólico del peciolo de Rheum rhabarbarum frente a cepas ATCC de Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis,Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa y Escherichia coli, y se determinó la concentración mínima inhibitoria (CMI) y la concentración mínima bactericida(CMB). Para solubilizar se empleó dimetilsulfóxido (DMSO) al 1%. Los resultadosobtenidos demuestran que el extracto posee actividad antibacteriana, con valores deCMI ≥ 700 μg/mL para el extracto etanólico frente a Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcusepidermidis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa y Escherichia coli.Su efecto podría ser de tipo bacteriostático y no bactericida. Por tanto, se concluye que la especie vegetal Rheum rhabarbarum es considerada como promisoria para el control bacteriano.
Parceria entre universidade e escola básica: formando uma comunidade de prática?
Authors: Leite Vania Finholdt Angelo , Fontoura Helena Do Amaral
Published: May 2018

Este estudo tem como objetivo refletir sobre as possibilidades contidas na parceria universidade-escola básica, apresentando como eixos a formação docente e o estágio supervisionado. O conceito de comunidade de prática (LAVE; WENGER, 1991) foi utilizado para analisar as duas situações de estágio supervisionado. Constatou-se que houve a formação de uma comunidade de prática, porque professoras se engajaram nas questões de alfabetização e de indisciplina. Realizaram planejamentos, atividades de leitura e escrita e buscaram as potencialidades dos alunos. Adquiriram um repertório compartilhado de rotinas e atividades para alfabetização, partilharam responsabilidades pelo processo de ensino e aprendizagem, bem como formas de resolver problemas da sala de aula.
A hermenêutica enquanto diálogo vivo: contribuições para o campo da pesquisa educacional
Authors: Dalbosco Cláudio Almir , Santa Fernando Dala , Baroni Vivian
Published: May 2018

Enquanto fenômeno que ocorre no fluxo constante da cultura, a educação incorpora e ao mesmo tempo transforma aspectos essenciais de uma dimensão sociocultural mais ampla, não podendo restringir-se a abordagens que ignorem o caráter contextual da experiência humana. Nessa perspectiva, a hermenêutica traz contribuições importantes para a pesquisa educacional, pois permite a inserção ontológica do pesquisador no contexto analisado, orientando-o a partir de uma conduta pautada na racionalidade própria do fenômeno que se estabelece como objeto da pesquisa. No presente ensaio, procurou-se problematizar os desafios enfrentados pela pesquisa em educação, buscando evidenciar os aportes oferecidos pela hermenêutica como diálogo vivo, centrado na dinâmica da pergunta como núcleo fundante da experiência humana. Intentou-se ainda reiterar a importância do diálogo crítico com a tradição, enquanto estudo dos clássicos, na sua condição de instância imprescindível de um processo intelectual que permita às pesquisas educacionais transcenderem o dogmatismo inerente ao horizonte das pré-compreensões.
Trabalho e sofrimento: a extinção de cargos na universidade pública
Authors: Sarmento Thais Ferrugem , Mendes Jussara Maria Rosa
Published: May 2018

Este artigo analisa os efeitos das transformações estruturais ocorridas nas universidades públicas federais e suas repercussões na saúde e no trabalho dos servidores ocupantes de cargos em extinção em uma universidade federal do sul do país. Para empreender esta análise, deu-se ênfase à abordagem qualitativa, à revisão do estado da arte sobre o tema e à realização de entrevistas semiestruturadas com a gestão superior da universidade, com a representação sindical e com nove servidores ativos ocupantes de cargos em processo de extinção. Os resultados evidenciam que as trajetórias desses servidores estão marcadas pelo sofrimento, pela discriminação e pela falta de alternativas para inserção no mercado de trabalho. As estratégias por eles empregadas para o enfrentamento das dificuldades em seu quotidiano de trabalho na universidade têm efeitos meramente paliativos, não sendo capazes de modificar a realidade em que se encontram. Tornam-se reféns e invisíveis, o que contribui para a produção do sofrimento e do adoecimento no trabalho.
Ampliação da jornada escolar e dever de casa: denúncias cruzadas
Authors: Resende Tânia De Freitas
Published: May 2018

Muitos programas de ampliação da jornada escolar no ensino fundamental têm sido desenvolvidos, no Brasil, no formato conhecido como turno e contraturno. Nesse cenário, diversas polêmicas surgiram a respeito dos deveres de casa. Tais polêmicas expressam desafios mais amplos relativos à implementação dos programas e à própria realização desses deveres na tradição escolar. Assim, as questões relativas ao dever de casa “denunciam” desafios inerentes ao modo como a escola de tempo integral tem sido implementada; e a implantação dos programas de tempo integral acaba por “denunciar” desafios relativos ao dever de casa, que antecedem as políticas de ampliação da jornada. O objetivo do artigo é analisar essas “denúncias cruzadas”, utilizando dados recolhidos em atividades de extensão universitária e de pesquisa desenvolvidas na Região Metropolitana de Belo Horizonte.
Intervenções psicoeducacionais positivas para promoção de resiliência: o profissional da educação como tutor de desenvolvimento
Authors: Yunes Maria Angela Mattar , Fernandes Grazielli , Weschenfelder Gelson Vanderlei
Published: May 2018

O presente artigo pretende contribuir com reflexões acerca do papel dos educadores em iniciativas de intervenções psicoeducacionais positivas nas situações caracterizadas por riscos psicossociais. Para tanto, apresenta-se o conceito de intervenções positivas, balizado por pressupostos da Psicologia Positiva e pelo fenômeno de resiliência. Argumenta-se que o olhar apreciativo e otimista do profissional educador em contextos de vulnerabilidade requer práticas de bons tratos e de tutoria de resiliência que configuram padrões de relações profissionais respeitosas e solidárias. Estas podem ser preventivas de ambientes socialmente tóxicos e auxiliar na proteção e prevenção das inúmeras ameaças ao desenvolvimento humano de crianças, adolescentes e de suas famílias. São apresentados dois exemplos de práticas de intervenção positiva no contexto escolar e seus respectivos resultados.
O ser professor em contínua construção
Authors: Antunes Denise Dalpiaz , Plaszewski Helenara
Published: May 2018

O texto objetiva contribuir com algumas reflexões acerca da formação contínua de professores, além da formação inicial, na proposta paradigmática de educação continuada ao longo da vida pessoal do docente. Apresenta construtos teóricos que apontam para as possibilidades de autoformação em busca do autoconhecimento, dos profissionais que constituem a base da formação humana de outros seres humanos. Além disso, o artigo apresenta um modelo de educação continuada considerado eficiente pela abordagem de necessidade de atualização de formação, baseado em oficinas pedagógicas, com trabalho cooperativo entre os pares. Uma proposta de governo que, muito embora não tenha se constituído como possibilidade de política pública de formação de professores, no Brasil, acaba por ressaltar a falta de incentivos e de consciência social pela profissão do Ser Professor. Além de apontar a possiblidade de renovadas práticas educativas a partir de formações no locus escolar, conforme o destaque da grande maioria dos professores participantes.
Historia, ciudad y filosofía latinoamericana en José Luis Romero
Authors: Fielbaum Alejandro
Published: May 2018

Tras exponer la necesidad de pensar el espacio urbano en el que emergen y circulan los discursos de tal saber, se expone el lazo que describe Romero entre filosofía y ciudad. Tal relación parece débil en su análisis de la historia latinoamericana, en contraposición a su descripción de la filosofía europea. Aquello parece deberse a que Romero halla cierta renuencia en la filosofía latinoamericana a pensarse históricamente, en lo referente a la ciudad como su condición de posibilidad, lo que acercaría peligrosamente a cierto populismo, incapaz de pensar el carácter moderno de la cultura urbana latinoamericana.
Degradabilidad ruminal de la materia orgánica de variedades de Cenchrus purpureus tolerantes a sequía
Authors: Ledea Rodríguez José Leonardo , Ray Ramírez Jorge Valentín , La O León Orestes , Reyes Pérez Juan José
Published: May 2018

The main limitation of tropical grasses is their high content of structural carbohydrates, which determine the use of grass by animals. When pastures or forages grow in adverse ecosystems there are important changes in the ruminal degradability of the compounds of interest. The objective was to characterize, at different ages of regrowth, the in situ ruminal degradability of the organic matter of different varieties of Cenchrus purpureus genetically improved to tolerate dry environments. Three drought tolerant varieties (CT-601, CT-603, and CT-605) were taken at different regrowth ages (60, 80, 100, and 120 days). Two fistulated Creole cows of 400 ± 50 kg of live weight were used. The bags were introduced in the rumen for 0, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24, 48, and 72 hours, the estimation of the rumen degradation was made fitting the data to the exponential equation (a + b) * (1-e (-c * t)). The best performance in situ ruminal degradability of the potentially degradable fraction (a + b) of leaves was observed at the age of eighty days, while the effect of the degradation dynamics due to the effect of regrowth age was common for leaves and stems. Fraction degradation values did not exceed 10% for leaves and stems; however, the degradation of b showed values that exceeded 71% for leaves and 30% for stems. The new varieties showed a ruminal fermentation pattern close to 50%, characteristic of tropical grasses.
Búsqueda Tabú multiobjetivo con enteros-mixtos y punto de referencia
Authors: Beausoleil Ricardo P.
Published: May 2018

En este trabajo presentamos un enfoque de Búsqueda Tabú independiente del dominio para problemas con múltiples objetivos y variables mixtas (enteras y reales). En el mismo investigamos dos aspectos: la independencia del dominio y la aplicabilidad en la optimización práctica, para ello nos centramos en problemas que se encuentran frecuentemente en el mundo real, como son los problemas de redes logísticas (por ejemplo: problemas de redes de distribución con múltiples etapas, localización asignación, tablas de tiempo); también investigamos su desempeño sobre problemas clásicos como cubrimiento de conjuntos, particionamiento de conjunto, mochila multidimensional y camino más corto. Todos los problemas considerados son de la clase NP-duros, con gran número de variables, conteniendo un número de restricciones heterogéneas, presentando un reto para hallar soluciones factibles.
Mechanisms of Crystalloid versus Colloid Osmosis across the Peritoneal Membrane
Authors: Morelle Johann , Sow Amadou , Fustin Charles-André , Fillée Catherine , Garcia-Lopez Elvia , Lindholm Bengt , Goffin Eric , Vandemaele Fréderic , Rippe Bengt , Öberg Carl M. , Devuyst Olivier
Published: May 2018

Background Osmosis drives transcapillary ultrafiltration and water removal in patients treated with peritoneal dialysis. Crystalloid osmosis, typically induced by glucose, relies on dialysate tonicity and occurs through endothelial aquaporin-1 water channels and interendothelial clefts. In contrast, the mechanisms mediating water flow driven by colloidal agents, such as icodextrin, and combinations of osmotic agents have not been evaluated.

Methods We used experimental models of peritoneal dialysis in mouse and biophysical studies combined with mathematical modeling to evaluate the mechanisms of colloid versus crystalloid osmosis across the peritoneal membrane and to investigate the pathways mediating water flow generated by the glucose polymer icodextrin.

Results
In silico modeling and in vivo studies showed that deletion of aquaporin-1 did not influence osmotic water transport induced by icodextrin but did affect that induced by crystalloid agents. Water flow induced by icodextrin was dependent upon the presence of large, colloidal fractions, with a reflection coefficient close to unity, a low diffusion capacity, and a minimal effect on dialysate osmolality. Combining crystalloid and colloid osmotic agents in the same dialysis solution strikingly enhanced water and sodium transport across the peritoneal membrane, improving ultrafiltration efficiency over that obtained with either type of agent alone.

Conclusions These data cast light on the molecular mechanisms involved in colloid versus crystalloid osmosis and characterize novel osmotic agents. Dialysis solutions combining crystalloid and colloid particles may help restore fluid balance in patients treated with peritoneal dialysis.
Adicción a internet en estudiantes universitarios mexicanos
Authors: Hilt Jorge Antonio , Bouvet de Korniejczuk Raquel , Collins Ekel
Published: May 2018

Este trabajo pretendió realizar un diagnóstico exploratorio acerca del uso que los estudiantes hacían de internet en una universidad particular mexicana. Al mismo tiempo este estudio validó el Internet Addiction Test (IAT) de Kimberley Young, originalmente elaborado y validado en inglés, aplicado a una muestra de 881 estudiantes universitarios de diferentes facultades y carreras. Los resultados mostraron que (a) 373 estudiantes hacían poco uso de internet (42.34%), (b) 458 estudiantes fueron clasificados como usuarios promedio (51.99%), (c) 43 estudiantes mostraron problemas ocasionales o frecuentes (4.88%) y (d) 7 estudiantes mostraron problemas significativos (0.79%) con el uso de internet. El análisis factorial, basado en la rotación Varimax con autovalores superiores a uno, mostró que los 20 ítems del IAT se agruparon en tres factores que explicaron el 60.88% de la varianza. El nivel de confiabilidad medido por el alfa de Cronbach fue de .913.
Nivel socioeconómico y estilo de vida de los adultos intermedios de la Asociación de Viviendas del “Vallecito” de La Era. Lurigancho – Chosica, Lima
Authors: Granados Vallejos Erika Tatiana , Calderón Dávila Kelly , Valencia Orrillo Esther
Published: May 2018

El objetivo del presente estudio es determinar la asociación entre el nivel socioeconómico y el estilo de vida de los participantes de la Asociación de Viviendas del “Vallecito” de La Era. El estudio es de diseño no experimental,de corte transversal y alcance correlacional. Participaron 150 adultos entre 25 y 54 años. Se utilizó el Cuestionario de Perfil de Estilo de Vida de Nola Pender (1996) y el Cuestionario sobre Prácticas y Actitudes de Arrivillaga, Salazar, y Correa (2010), adaptado por Contreras (2012), y el Cuestionario de Niveles Socioeconómicos en base a los indicadores del APEIM. Con respecto a los resultados, se encontró que la mayor parte de la población, que pertenece al nivel socioeconómico bajo y marginal, presenta una alimentación y actividad física no saludable, con una p<0.05. Se concluye que existe una asociación significativa entre nivel socioeconómico y estilo de vida en seis de las ocho dimensiones, excepto en sueño y apoyo interpersonal.
Jordanian Arabic: A Study of the Motivations for the Intentionality in Dialect Change
Authors: Saidat Ahmad M.
Published: May 2018

Language change and development is inevitable in any society due to social or structural factors. This research looks at Jordan, a small country that is experiencing an ongoing dialect change. Although this change is minor and arguably invisible, it is taking place among a large group of young people. In this study, the reasons and motivations for this change are unearthed. Over 200 people were interviewed and were asked to respond to a questionnaire. The collected data were then statistically analyzed. The findings were that social bending, identity, self-image, and network ties appear to be of the major reasons for young people imitating and adopting two regional dialects of the Middle East, namely Lebanese (LA) and Syrian (SA). The role of media appeared great and is probably the main source for the adoptions. There does not seem to be a strong adult rejection of this phenomenon which has become inevitable. The adoptions at this stage are intentional and are expected to develop to be unconscious in the future as younger receptors are not aware of the intentions of the current imitating groups and assumingly they will acquire certain vocabulary, tones, and structures as their mother dialect due to direct interaction with older teenagers. Historically, certain linguistic features disappeared from the local dialect of Jordan (JA) in favor of other neighboring dialects.
The Role of EFL Teacher’s Talk and Identity in Iranian Classroom Context
Authors: Alijani Afsaneh , Barjesteh Hamed
Published: May 2018

Identity is a comprehensive and complicated concept in the process of language teaching and learning. The present study attempted to examine the effect of teachers’ talk and identity in the classroom context on EFL learners’ achievements. The Conversation Analysis (CA) approach was applied to gather and analyze naturally-occurring spoken interaction. The teachers’ interactions with their learners were audio-recorded and analyzed in terms of the IRF cycle (Initiation-Response-Feedback), turn-taking and renovate. The findings indicated that the plenty of interaction was assembled and retained through dissymmetrical and privileged relations. The teacher identified, and regulated most of the social actions that happened in the classroom context, most of which were also completely designed on a goal-oriented basis .It was concluded that it is time to re-assert the role of teacher as a dominant individual who controls learning inside and outside the classroom; educators and teachers should develop an instructional design that focuses on incorporating active learning and student-centered pedagogy into the traditional lecture-based courses.
International Research on Translation Teaching: A Review (2008-2017)
Authors: Li Xue
Published: May 2018

This paper generally reviews the situation of international translation teaching research from five perspectives: research trends, subjects, contents, research nature, and the authors’ disciplinary backgrounds. The results indicate that: (1) on the whole, the number of papers published steadily increases; (2) the undergraduates majoring in translation take up a dominant percentage of the subjects; (3) the content focuses on thematic research and applied research; (4) speculative research are accounting for the main part in methodology, in which literature method is usually employed as research instrument; (5) the authors’ academic backgrounds mainly focus on the fields of linguistics and translation, presenting a multi-disciplinary feature. Finally, the characteristics and development trends of international translation teaching and research are summarized and enlightened.
The Effect of Implementing Flipped Classrooms on Iranian Junior High School Students' Reading Comprehension
Authors: Hashemifardnia Arash , Namaziandost Ehsan , Shafiee Sajad
Published: May 2018

This study investigated the effect of implementing flipped classrooms on Iranian junior high school students' reading comprehension. To this end, 50 Iranian pre-intermediate students were choosen and randomly assigned into two equal groups; one experimental group (flipped classroom) and one control group (traditional classroom). After that, both groups were pretested through a reading comprehension test. Then, the researchers put the respondents of the experimental group in a flipped classroom. The flipped classroom was equipped with Internet, computer and projector. The students were required to read each text before coming the class and discuss it with their classmates. On the other hand, the control group was taught in the traditional classroom. Before teaching each text, the researchers provided background knowledge for the control group and after teaching each text, the students were required to answer some questions related to the text. The whole treatment lasted 8 sessions of 50 minutes. In the last session, the post-test of reading comprehension was administered. The results of paired and independent samples t-tests indicated that there was a significant difference between the post-tests of the experimental and the control groups. The findings revealed that the experimental group significantly outperformed the control group (p < .05) on the post-test.
A Survey of Intercultural Adaptability for Foreign Students in Three Universities: Problems and Solutions
Authors: Ye Siqi , Xue Haijiao , Zheng Yanling
Published: May 2018

This paper aims to explore the existing problems and solutions of foreign students’ intercultural adaptability in three universities of university town in Chongqing from such aspects as campus cultural adaptation, material cultural adaptation, behavioral cultural adaption and Chinese traditional cultural adaption. By questionnaires, research group has found some major problems like, do not have an Chinese competence, unfamiliar with Chinese material culture, insensitive to Chongqing’s behavioral culture, unfamiliar with Chinese traditional and local culture. After analyzing those possible reasons, this paper provides some solutions: implementing the same management of foreign students as Chinese students, strengthening social supports, strengthening the communication with foreign students and fostering foreign students’ consciousness of Chinese traditional culture.