bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Abstract A023: Immune-related diseases and skin cancer in a racially and ethnically diverse US-based population
Authors: Lin Erica M. , Ragi Sara , Lim Rachel , Lin Shirley , Moseley Isabelle , Qureshi Abrar , Cho Eunyoung
Published: September 2024

Though the immune system plays a crucial role in skin cancer development, associations between immune-related diseases and skin cancer have not been well studied in racial and ethnic minorities. The goal of this cross-sectional study was to assess the relationship between various immune-related diseases and basal cell carcinoma (BCC), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and cutaneous malignant melanoma (MM) diagnoses within the diverse “All of Us” Research Program cohort. It included 307,451 adult participants with electronic health record (EHR) data enrolled from 2017-2023. Participant EHRs were used to determine immune-related diseases and skin cancer diagnoses. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were adjusted for demographic characteristics, lifestyle factors such as smoking history, in addition to health insurance status, educational attainment, history of photosensitivity, history of organ transplant, as well as UV exposure at residence. R v4.0.5 was utilized to conduct the analysis. 8,107 participants with BCC, 4,102 with SCC and 2,461 with MM were identified. Personal history of any immune-related disease was significantly associated with all skin cancer types (odds ratio and 95% confidence intervals -- BCC: 1.27 [1.20-1.33]; SCC:1.38 [1.29-1.49]; MM: 1.55 [1.42-1.69]). Rheumatoid arthritis, hypothyroidism, type I diabetes, Crohn’s disease, and ulcerative colitis were each associated with the three skin cancer types. Multiple sclerosis, Sjogren’s syndrome, hyperthyroidism, dermatomyositis/polymyositis, vitiligo, and psoriasis were associated with at least one skin cancer. Systemic lupus, scleroderma, alopecia areata, and atopic dermatitis were not associated with any skin cancer. In non-White participants alone (n=133,144; 43.3%), history of any immune-related disease was similarly significantly associated with all three skin cancer types. These findings suggest that the history of several immune-related diseases is associated with skin cancer, including among racial/ethnic minorities, and thus increased skin cancer surveillance in these patient populations may be indicated.

Citation Format: Erica M. Lin, Sara Ragi, Rachel Lim, Shirley Lin, Isabelle Moseley, Abrar Qureshi, Eunyoung Cho. Immune-related diseases and skin cancer in a racially and ethnically diverse US-based population [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 17th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2024 Sep 21-24; Los Angeles, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2024;33(9 Suppl):Abstract nr A023.
Abstract A034: DNA repair capacity in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer patients using lymphocytes as surrogate markers
Authors: Matta Jaime , Encarnación-Medina Jarline , Ruiz-Deya Gilberto , Rodriguez-Baez Valerie , Ortiz-Sanchez Carmen
Published: September 2024

Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers in men from the United States (US) and Puerto Rico (PR). In 2024, around 35,250 PCa-related deaths will occur in the US, making PCa the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality in men in the US. In Puerto Rican men, PCa represents the first cause of cancer incidence (38%) and mortality (19%). Metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) remains among the most frequent causes of cancer-related mortality in males. Patients with mCRPC become progressively resistant to androgen deprivation therapy, and the median survival for these patients is around two years. Ortiz-Sanchez et al. (2022) previously reported that the nucleotide excision repair (NER) pathway is dysregulated in the lymphocytes from patients with indolent and aggressive PCa; nevertheless, mCRPC cases were not included in the study design. Therefore, this pilot study aimed to evaluate the DNA repair capacity (DRC) in Puerto Rican men with and without mCRPC through the CometChip assay using lymphocytes as surrogate markers. Variations in mean DRC values were expected among the study groups. DRC measurements through the NER pathway were performed in a cohort of 96 participants, including PCa cases (n=71) and controls (n=25). The mean DRC value for the control group was 17.63%, and for the cases, it was 7.90%. When comparing mCRPC (n=16), non-mCRPC (n=55), and controls, significant differences were observed between the controls and each cancer group. However, no significant differences were found between PCa cases stratified by disease aggressiveness. Currently, we are evaluating the functionality of the homologous recombination repair pathway to gain additional insights into the role of DRC in PCa. Our results represent the first effort to apply a phenotypic assay to evaluate the overall DRC in mCRPC. This may improve patient diagnosis and patient stratification in terms of disease progression.

Citation Format: Jaime Matta, Jarline Encarnación-Medina, Gilberto Ruiz-Deya, Valerie Rodriguez-Baez, Carmen Ortiz-Sanchez. DNA repair capacity in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer patients using lymphocytes as surrogate markers [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 17th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2024 Sep 21-24; Los Angeles, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2024;33(9 Suppl):Abstract nr A034.
Abstract A035: Protein quantitative trait loci analysis in diverse prostate cancer patients: A focus on angiogenesis
Authors: Casiano Ashlie Santaliz , Schaumloffel Hunter , Liu Huaitian , Jenkins-Lord Brittany , Minas Tsion , Dorsey Tiffany , Ambs Stefan
Published: September 2024

Prostate cancer exhibits notable disparities in mortality rates between African American (AA) and European American (EA) populations, with genetic ancestry and the social environment influencing both disease risk and lethality. Angiogenesis, the process of new blood vessel formation, plays a critical role in tumor progression and metastasis. However, the germline genetic contribution to the physiological variation in levels of circulating angiogenic markers, and the angiogenic process, is largely unknown. This study aims to explore the genetic underpinnings of angiogenesis in prostate cancer patients through a protein quantitative trait loci (pQTL) analysis. We analyzed 30 blood-based angiogenesis-related immuno-oncology markers in a cohort of 2,437 men from Ghana and the United States, comprising 1,330 controls and 1,107 prostate cancer cases. A comprehensive evaluation of 4,301,332 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) was conducted to investigate their associations with these markers across 3 population groups (Ghanaian, African American, and European American men). In this genome-wide pQTL we identified loci that associated with the levels of 13 markers (p <1.2 x 10-9). Our findings reveal that germline genetic variants may contribute to the variability in circulating angiogenic marker levels, or the systemic angiogenesis-inducing potential, with specific loci showing population-specific associations. We further link these circulating angiogenic markers to prostate cancer disease characteristics. Thus, our results suggest that germline genetic factors influence circulating levels of circulating angiogenesis-related proteins and thereby systemic angiogenesis, with a relationship to prostate cancer.

Citation Format: Ashlie Santaliz Casiano, Hunter Schaumloffel, Huaitian Liu, Brittany Jenkins-Lord, Tsion Minas, Tiffany Dorsey, Stefan Ambs. Protein quantitative trait loci analysis in diverse prostate cancer patients: A focus on angiogenesis [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 17th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2024 Sep 21-24; Los Angeles, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2024;33(9 Suppl):Abstract nr A035.
Abstract A042: Patient poverty burden influences the molecular biology of ER+ breast cancer
Authors: DeWitt Jerry T.
Published: September 2024

Although the incidence of estrogen receptor positive (ER+) breast cancer is similar for Black and White women in the US, Black patients have significantly worse outcomes. Black women in the US have also have worse health care options, poorer educational opportunities, and face significantly higher rates of poverty burden. Collectively contributing to an overall lower socioeconomic status (SES) compared to White women. However, cancer health disparities research primarily exists in two forms: 1) The impact of socioeconomic factors on cancer outcomes, and 2) The molecular underpinnings associated with genetic ancestry on cancer biology. This siloing results in an incomplete picture of how systemic factors (i.e. racism, poverty burden) contribute to the biology of breast cancer in addition to, and along-with, ancestral genetics. Consequently, differences in the molecular biology between tumors from Black and White women remains a gap in knowledge in the field, because ancestral genetics cannot explain the breadth of disparities that patients face. Recent studies have found that Black cancer patients have a unique gene expression profile that may modulate treatment response. For instance, ER+ breast tumors in Black women have distinct signatures of defective DNA damage repair (DDR) that associate with more aggressive tumor growth. However, how factors of SES contribute to these differences in molecular biology and whether these differences alter treatment response remain unknown. One challenge to addressing these questions is that existing datasets significantly underrepresent Black women and are not sufficiently annotated to understand the complex interplay between molecular biology and factors of SES. Here, we present analysis of RNA expression datasets from 60 ER+ patient tumors (38 Black, 22 White), with corresponding SES and patient outcome annotations. Altogether, these data begin to define the complex interplay between factors of SES and changes in gene expression in addition to patient outcomes for women with ER+ breast cancer.

Citation Format: Jerry T. DeWitt. Patient poverty burden influences the molecular biology of ER+ breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 17th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2024 Sep 21-24; Los Angeles, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2024;33(9 Suppl):Abstract nr A042.
Abstract A064: Patient-provider trust and immigration experiences and h. pylori knowledge among Asian Americans
Authors: Liu Zhiqing E. , Kai-Chun Fu Jerry , Lu Wenyue , Do Phuong , Zhou Kathy , Kim Ellen , Tan Yin , Zhu Lin , Ma Grace X.
Published: September 2024

Background: Asian Americans experience a disproportionately higher prevalence of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection. However, there persists limited awareness about H. pylori infection and the associated factors among this population. Methods: To assess the level of H. pylori-related knowledge and its association with immigration and provider-related factors, we conducted a cross-sectional pilot study involving 131 Asian American individuals aged 30-75 in the greater Philadelphia and NYC areas. Participants administered a questionnaire covering topics including migration experiences, provider characteristics, medical encounters, and other relevant covariates. Poisson regression was used to evaluate the relationship between these factors and H. pylori knowledge scores. Results: Among all participants, 78% (102/131) were not racially concordant with their PCP, and 39% (51/131) had limited English proficiency. Vietnamese participants had the highest mean H. pylori knowledge score (10.8, SD: 1.4), followed by Chinese (7.2, SD: 4.7) and Korean (5.7, SD: 4.4). In the crude model, racial concordance with PCPs showed a positive relationship (IRR: 1.33, 95% CI: 1.14–1.56) with knowledge scores, while length of immigration demonstrated a weak negative relationship (IRR: 0.98, 95% CI: 0.97–0.99). In the adjusted model, personal health experiences (aIRR: 1.3, 95% CI: 1.10–1.54) and patient-provider communication (aIRR: 1.71, 95% CI: 1.43–2.06) as key determinants of H. pylori knowledge. Conclusion: H. pylori knowledge in Asian Americans is influenced by immigration experiences and the trust between patients and providers, which affects information exchange, medical comprehension, and treatment adherence. Therefore, interventions aimed at improving H. pylori knowledge within the Asian American community should prioritize fostering trust between patients and their healthcare providers. This trust serves as a crucial foundation for facilitating informed decision-making and implementing preventive measures against gastric cancer.

Citation Format: Zhiqing E. Liu, Jerry Kai-Chun Fu, Wenyue Lu, Phuong Do, Kathy Zhou, Ellen Kim, Yin Tan, Lin Zhu, Grace X. Ma. Patient-provider trust and immigration experiences and h. pylori knowledge among Asian Americans [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 17th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2024 Sep 21-24; Los Angeles, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2024;33(9 Suppl):Abstract nr A064.
Abstract A066: Unmasking differences in adolescent HPV vaccine uptake in six Asian American subgroups: data from the national immunization survey-teen (2015-2019)
Authors: Zhu Lin , Liu Elaine Z. , Siu Philip , Pan Chun , Ma Grace X.
Published: September 2024

Introduction: The HPV vaccination rates among Asian American adolescents were found to be below optimal levels. Understanding the high-risk demographics and the various factors influencing HPV vaccine acceptance is essential for addressing disparities and enhancing vaccination rates in this population. This study aimed to investigate HPV vaccine uptake in adolescents aged 13 to 17 across six major Asian American ethnic groups using nationally representative data. Methods: The study analyzed data from the National Immunization Survey- Teen (2015-2019), comprising 3,968 Asian American adolescents from Asian Indian, Chinese, Filipino, Japanese, Korean, and Vietnamese backgrounds. Provider and practice characteristics were examined alongside HPV vaccine initiation and completion rates within each subgroup. Results: Findings revealed that while the overall initiation rate among Asian American adolescents was 66.65%, significant variations existed among subgroups, ranging from 57.3% in Asian Indians to 71.22% in Chinese adolescents. Similarly, completion rates ranged from 30.89% in Asian Indians to 48.14% in Chinese adolescents, with an aggregated completion rate of 40.37% for the total Asian American sample. Household survey data generally showed lower initiation and completion rates compared to provider-reported data but still reflected subgroup disparities. Conclusion: Across all ethnic groups, a common barrier to HPV vaccination was the lack of physician recommendation. However, slight variations in this barrier were observed among subgroups. These findings underscore the importance of considering socioeconomic, cultural, and acculturation-related factors in designing effective public health and clinical interventions to promote HPV vaccination among Asian American adolescents.

Citation Format: Lin Zhu, Elaine Z. Liu, Philip Siu, Chun Pan, Grace X. Ma. Unmasking differences in adolescent HPV vaccine uptake in six Asian American subgroups: data from the national immunization survey-teen (2015-2019) [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 17th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2024 Sep 21-24; Los Angeles, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2024;33(9 Suppl):Abstract nr A066.
Abstract A078: Cancer Incidence in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL) – The Onco-SOL Ancillary Study
Authors: Parada Humberto , Agalliu Ilir , Sotres-Alvarez Daniela , Olshan Andrew F. , Evenson Kelly R. , Rohan Thomas E. , Kaplan Robert C. , Thompson Caroline A. , Gallo Linda C. , Penedo Frank J. , Cai Jianwen , Wassertheil-Smoller Sylvia , Thyagarajan Bharat , Thomas Stefani N. , Garcia-Bedoya Olga L. , Talavera Gregory A.
Published: September 2024

This abstract is being presented as a short talk in the scientific program. A full abstract is printed in the Proffered Abstracts section (PR015) of the Conference Program/Proceedings.

Citation Format: Humberto Parada, Ilir Agalliu, Daniela Sotres-Alvarez, Andrew F. Olshan, Kelly R. Evenson, Thomas E. Rohan, Robert C. Kaplan, Caroline A. Thompson, Linda C. Gallo, Frank J. Penedo, Jianwen Cai, Sylvia Wassertheil-Smoller, Bharat Thyagarajan, Stefani N. Thomas, Olga L. Garcia-Bedoya, Gregory A. Talavera. Cancer Incidence in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL) – The Onco-SOL Ancillary Study [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 17th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2024 Sep 21-24; Los Angeles, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2024;33(9 Suppl):Abstract nr A078.
Abstract A083 Ethnic disparities in esophageal cancer across New York State
Authors: Park Inae , Park Sungjae , Lee Misuk
Published: September 2024

Introduction Esophageal cancer is one of the most fatal cancers in the United States. Moreover, disparities in mortality, or incidence rates of esophageal cancer have been reported. Here, we conducted a retrospective study to investigate disparities in esophageal cancer in the state of New York. Method Mortality and 5-year survival rate were analyzed through Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Stat Database (1969-2022). Mortality and survival data were analyzed by counties in the state of New York. The 5-year survival was analyzed through the Kaplan-Meier curve and SEER combined staging and ethnicity (non-hispanic white; NHW, non-hispanic black; NHB, Asians/Pacific Islanders; API, and Hispanics). Result Bronx County revealed the highest mortality rate among New York City Counties (5.6 per 100,000, 95% CI, 5.4-5.8), and Queens County showed the lowest mortality. (3.9 per 100,000, 95% CI, 3.7-4.0). In localized esophageal cancer, one year survival was highest in the NHW (79.3%, 95% CI, 75.9- 82.2%) in New York, whereas 2-5 year survival rates were highest in the NHB (52.0%, 47.3%, 40.2%, and 38.4%, respectively). Hispanics showed the lowest survival rate in the localized stage. In comparison, API showed the highest survival (1-5 year survival 46.8%, 29.6%, 16.8%, 13.3%, and 12.1% respectively) and NHB revealed the lowest survival outcome in distant metastatic esophageal cancer (1-5 year survival 28.8%, 13.5%, 8.1%, 5.9%, and 5.1% respectively) throughout 5 years. Conclusion Mortality and 5 year survival rates varied across the boroughs of New York City. Early intervention and primary prevention could be especially beneficial in the Bronx, where targeted efforts could help prevent patients from advancing to the distant metastatic stage, considering the unique demographics and healthcare disparities in this area.

Citation Format: Inae Park, Sungjae Park, Misuk Lee. Ethnic disparities in esophageal cancer across New York State [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 17th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2024 Sep 21-24; Los Angeles, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2024;33(9 Suppl):Abstract nr A083.
Abstract A089: Intersecting burdens: The role of social barriers and perceived stress in moderating cortisol reactivity among African American breast cancer survivors
Authors: Sanogo Dr. Fatimata , Cho Dr. Junhan , Beard Dr. Trista , Chanita Hughes Halbert Dr.
Published: September 2024

Background: Disparities in breast cancer morbidity and mortality persist in African Americans. Social determinants and their subsequent effect on stress reactivity may impact the biological mechanisms associated with the onset and progression of cancer. However, stress reactivity has not been examined specifically among African American breast cancer survivors. Objective: To evaluate within-subject variation in stress reactivity among African American breast cancer survivors and determine whether this reactivity is influenced by social stressors, such as financial strain and social isolation, known to be associated with cancer outcomes. Methods: We conducted a laboratory intervention study using the Trier Social Stress Test on African American breast cancer survivors. We measured stress reactivity using salivary cortisol levels; socioeconomic, social, and psychological stressors were estimated by self-report. We performed multi-level random effect repeated-measures linear regression models to estimate within-subject changes in cortisol levels. We tested the moderating effects of social factors and cumulative social stressors on reactivity outcomes. Results: Sixty African American breast cancer survivors were included in the study. There were significant increases in mean cortisol levels at 30 minutes (beta=0.054, 95%CI=0.026, 0.082; p<0.001) and 40 minutes (beta=0.040, 95% CI=0.015, 0.065; p=.002) post-stress during the recovery period. We identified significant interactions between time and social stressors on cortisol levels for financial strain (χ2/df=15.83/4, p=.003), social isolation (χ2/df=9.67/4, p=.04), negative life events (χ2/df=12.75/4, p=.01), perceived stress (χ2/df=11.93/4, p=.02), and cumulative index of social stressors (χ2/df=11.14/4, p=.03). Conclusion: Social risk factors moderate the effects of stressors on cortisol reactivity among African American breast cancer survivors. There is a need to understand the lived experiences of Black women and develop interventions that mitigate the impact of social stressors on stress responses.

Citation Format: Dr. Fatimata Sanogo, Dr. Junhan Cho, Dr. Trista Beard, Dr. Chanita Hughes Halbert. Intersecting burdens: The role of social barriers and perceived stress in moderating cortisol reactivity among African American breast cancer survivors [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 17th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2024 Sep 21-24; Los Angeles, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2024;33(9 Suppl):Abstract nr A089.
Abstract A094: Association between head and neck squamous cell carcinoma survival, tobacco use, and alcohol use, 2010-2021
Authors: Rahman Rashad , Chen Meng , Osazuwa-Peters Nosayaba
Published: September 2024

The number of survivors of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) in the United States is expected to rise in coming years due to higher quality and more accessible cancer care, diminished smoking and alcohol consumption rates, and increased frequency of less aggressive human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated oropharyngeal cancers. In developed nations, about 80% of HNSCC patients are current smokers, recent quitters (within the past year), and former smokers. About 39% of HNSCC patients living in the United States say that they are current drinkers, drinkers who exceed moderate levels, and binge drinkers. Of all HNSCC cases, between 72% and 80% are associated with specifically tobacco use, alcohol use, or the two. Tobacco use and alcohol consumption have been shown to be predictive for HNSCC diagnosis and survival. However, the underlying trends and social determinants linking HNSCC survival to tobacco use and alcohol consumption are poorly understood. To reach a better understanding, data will be sourced from the National Health Interview Survey from 2010 to 2021, adjusted for age and other confounders, and then analyzed with Cox proportional hazards regression analysis. The results will inform a deeper understanding of the connections between HNSCC survival and tobacco and alcohol use and can point to new approaches and treatment targets for patient care.

Citation Format: Rashad Rahman, Meng Chen, Nosayaba Osazuwa-Peters. Association between head and neck squamous cell carcinoma survival, tobacco use, and alcohol use, 2010-2021 [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 17th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2024 Sep 21-24; Los Angeles, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2024;33(9 Suppl):Abstract nr A094.
Abstract A123: Awareness of human papillomavirus (HPV) and its vaccine and telehealth: Results from the Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS) 6, 2022 in the United States
Authors: Desai Manali , Igab Iman , Ezeigwe Ogochukwu , Malgave Devesh
Published: September 2024

Background: Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination is essential to prevent occurrences of a variety of HPV associated cancers. The awareness of HPV and its vaccine could be associated with the use of telehealth. The aims of this study were to examine the association between awareness of HPV and HPV vaccine with receiving telehealth for health care within the past year. Methods: Data from the Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS) 6 (N=5,887) were utilized. Dependent variable was awareness of HPV and HPV vaccine. The independent variable was those who received care from a doctor or health professional using telehealth. Weighted multivariable logistic regression was performed to determine association of awareness of HPV and its vaccine with receiving healthcare using telehealth while adjusting for age, gender, race, education, and census region. Results: The study sample consisted of 68.28% awareness of HPV and 63.47% awareness of HPV vaccine. After controlling for covariates, we found those who were aware of HPV and HPV vaccine have received telehealth care (aOR=1.40, 95%CI:1.11-1.78; aOR= 1.40, 95%CI:1.09 -1.80), respectively. In the adjusted model, the awareness of HPV for being female (aOR=2, 95%CI:1.60-2.48) and college graduates (aOR=3.80, 95%CI: 2.59-6.56). In the adjusted model, the awareness of HPV vaccine for being female (aOR= 2.68, 95%CI:2.13-3.36) and college graduates (aOR=4.68,95%CI:2.77-7.91). HPV and HPV vaccine awareness, Non Hispanic Whites had significantly higher adjusted odds compared to other race/ethnicity groups. Conclusion: Hence public health programs could be directed to promote use of telehealth to increase awareness of HPV causing cancers, reduce stigma associated with vaccination, boost healthcare recommendation and uptake of HPV vaccination considering socio demographic factors.

Citation Format: Manali Desai, Iman Igab, Ogochukwu Ezeigwe, Devesh Malgave. Awareness of human papillomavirus (HPV) and its vaccine and telehealth: Results from the Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS) 6, 2022 in the United States [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 17th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2024 Sep 21-24; Los Angeles, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2024;33(9 Suppl):Abstract nr A123.
Abstract A124: An examination of trust in biomedical research among the Witness Project’s community health workers
Authors: Devonish Julia , Mahoney Martin , Bouchard Elizabeth , Dauphin Cassy , Ali Abshiro , Meadows Veronica , Colon Jomary , Johnson Dee
Published: September 2024

The Witness Project® (NWP) was established in 1991 and has maintained its status as one of NCI’s Evidence Based Cancer Control Program (EBCCP) for decades. NWP is a self-sustaining, culturally competent, grass roots level community-based intervention program that uses breast and cervical cancer survivors known as Witness Role Models and Community Health Workers (CHW). With many locations in unserved communities throughout the United States, NWP provides relevant cancer related education and navigates minority residents through successful completions of cancer related screenings. Health disparities are a longstanding problem due in part to underrepresentations of historically underserved populations in research. Increasing minority and underserved individuals’ participation in research has great disparity mitigating potential. A team of newly trained Black and Hispanic NWP CHW (n=25) will be created as part of a larger multiphase preliminary pilot study designed to increase diverse individuals’ participations in research within Roswell Park’s catchment area. Design, Measures, Setting, and Participants. The primary objective of this cross-sectional study is to assess Black and Hispanic CHW’s trust in biomedical research. Secondary objectives are to explore the feasibility and acceptability of 1) NWP CHW training, and 2) an informal educational intervention about the importance of minority representations in research and it potential to mitigate health disparities. CMWs will complete the Perceptions of Research Trustworthiness (PoRT) scale to evaluate their trust and distrust in biomedical research before and after viewing the informal educational intervention. Preliminary Results and Planned Analyses At the time of abstract submission nineteen CMWs have completed their NWP and CITI training and PoRT assessments. Fifteen CHWs were Black (78.9%) and four Hispanic (21.1%). When all 25 CMWs are trained we will calculate overall and individual item Trust and Distrust subscale scores. Regarding feasibility and acceptability of the CHW training and the informal education intervention, semi structured interviews will provide qualitative feedback and independent samples t-test will be used to compare pre-and post-informal education intervention PoRT scores.

Citation Format: Julia Devonish, Martin Mahoney, Elizabeth Bouchard, Cassy Dauphin, Abshiro Ali, Veronica Meadows, Jomary Colon, Dee Johnson. An examination of trust in biomedical research among the Witness Project’s community health workers [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 17th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2024 Sep 21-24; Los Angeles, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2024;33(9 Suppl):Abstract nr A124.
Abstract A142: A qualitative assessment of the acceptability of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) self-sampling and informational materials among diverse populations
Authors: Petrik Amanda , Rivelli Jennifer , Firemark Allison , Johnson Cheryl , Locher Blake , Gille Sara , Schneider Jennifer
Published: September 2024

Background: Disparities in cervical cancer screening rates among marginalized groups is a driver of inequalities in cervical cancer. Self-sampling for human papillomavirus (HPV) testing is a newly emerging alternative to clinician-performed testing to screen for cervical cancer, and has high potential to reduce screening barriers in under-screened and marginalized groups. We study the acceptability in of HPV self-sampling and informational materials among Black/African American, Hispanic/Spanish speaking, American Indian/Alaska Native and transgender/nonbinary populations. Methods: We conducted qualitative interviews with patients, ages 30-65, who were female at birth, Black/African American, Hispanic, American Indian, and/or transgender/nonbinary. Telephone interviews were conducted in English or Spanish. Patients did not complete the test, rather were asked about the attractiveness, comprehensibility, and acceptability of the HPV self-test, instructions, and messaging. Results: Among 23 completed interviews (5 American Indian/Alaska Native, 7 Hispanic (2 bilingual, 5 Spanish-speaking), 5 Black/African American, and 6 transgender/nonbinary), patients from all groups thought the test was straightforward and convenient, and they would complete the test at home or in clinic. The transgender/nonbinary patients preferred at home testing. American Indian and transgender/nonbinary patients liked that the test might avoid pain, discomfort, and invasiveness. All patients liked the letter and instructions. All groups had specific suggestions for making the materials more culturally acceptable. Conclusions: The HPV self-test and the instructions and materials for use were acceptable for a diverse group of patients. Tailored outreach and messaging should be considered to reduce screening disparities among groups that have been historically underserved by the medical system.

Citation Format: Amanda Petrik, Jennifer Rivelli, Allison Firemark, Cheryl Johnson, Blake Locher, Sara Gille, Jennifer Schneider. A qualitative assessment of the acceptability of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) self-sampling and informational materials among diverse populations [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 17th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2024 Sep 21-24; Los Angeles, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2024;33(9 Suppl):Abstract nr A142.
Abstract A143: The development of a risk prediction model to predict patients’ likelihood of completing human papillomavirus vaccination
Authors: Petrik Amanda A. , Slaugher Matthew , Coronado Gloria , Johnson Eric
Published: September 2024

Background: Human Papillomavirus (HPV) cancers can be preventable if HPV vaccination is received in adolescents before the age of 13, yet only 55% of Oregonian adolescents had an HPV series completion in 2020.2 The recommended vaccination age for HPV recently dropped to age 9. This new recommended age allows providers to offer HPV vaccination with routine vaccinations. To further increase HPV vaccination rates, research is critically needed on new interventions to promote vaccination among vaccine resistant groups, and populations that are most in need of targeted interventions. We assessed patterns in vaccination from 2015-2022, in preparation of the development of a prognostic risk prediction model to identify patients’ likelihood of obtaining HPV vaccination. Methods: We used a retrospective cohort from a large health system to assess vaccination patterns from 2015-2022. Eligible patients were members of Kaiser Permanente Northwest, 9-18 years old, and did not have a history of adverse vaccination outcomes. We assessed vaccination initiation, completion by age, gender and year. Results: Among 29,398 eligible patients, 44.3% had no vaccination, 14.5% had one dose, and 41.2% had completed the series. More patients were vaccinating at earlier ages from 2015-2022. Of those with one dose or who had completed the series, 84% had vaccinated by the age of 12 in 2022 compared to 74% in 2015. The change was greater in boys with 70.5% before age 12 in 2015 compared with 84% in 2022. ConclusionsWhile efforts to increase HPV vaccination and initiate at younger ages have been successful, efforts need to be targeted to specific populations. The patterns of HPV vaccination over the past 7 years highlights improvement, but system level interventions may be needed to adequately increase vaccination among resistant populations. This presentation will discuss the assessment of vaccination patterns in preparation of the development of a prognostic risk prediction model and describe how the model will be used in a system to target populations for early interventions to complete vaccination.

Citation Format: Amanda A. Petrik, Matthew Slaugher, Gloria Coronado, Eric Johnson. The development of a risk prediction model to predict patients’ likelihood of completing human papillomavirus vaccination [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 17th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2024 Sep 21-24; Los Angeles, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2024;33(9 Suppl):Abstract nr A143.
Abstract A165: Impact of travel distance and regional factors on five-year survival in gynecologic cancer patients: Analysis of National and Comprehensive Cancer Center data
Authors: Bae Sejong
Published: September 2024

The studies investigated the five-year survival rates of patients with cervical, ovarian, and endometrial cancers in the United States, focusing on the influence of travel distance to treatment facilities, regional differences, and the type of treatment facility. Furthermore, the impact of travel distance on five-year mortality rates was also examined specifically for patients at a Comprehensive Cancer Center. Using data from the National Cancer Database (NCDB) from 2004-2017, including only White or Black women, and additional tumor registry data from a Comprehensive Cancer Center in Alabama from 1996-2015, researchers analyzed various factors such as demographics, region, type of treatment center, distance to treatment center, and cancer stage at diagnosis. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to assess the association of travel distance with five-year mortality. Significant interactions between facility type and region on five-year survival rates. Age and cancer stage were significant factors affecting survival across all cancer types. Cervical cancer patients in the South Atlantic who traveled longer distances to Academic/Research Programs had poorer survival rates. In Alabama, median travel distances to the UAB Cancer Center varied by cancer type, with endometrial cancer patients traveling the farthest (65 miles) and cervical cancer patients the shortest (46 miles). Longer travel distances were associated with lower five-year mortality for ovarian cancer patients (OR = 0.60). These studies highlight the varied and significant impact of travel distance on cancer survival and mortality, indicating disparities in access to care. For some cancers, longer travel distances correlated with poorer outcomes, while for others, it was associated with better survival, suggesting complex underlying factors. The results underscore the need for further research to identify the causes of these disparities and to inform potential healthcare system interventions aimed at improving patient outcomes.

Citation Format: Sejong Bae. Impact of travel distance and regional factors on five-year survival in gynecologic cancer patients: Analysis of National and Comprehensive Cancer Center data [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 17th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2024 Sep 21-24; Los Angeles, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2024;33(9 Suppl):Abstract nr A165.
Abstract A166: Towards Health Justice: Implementing Structural Competency in Women's Healthcare Education Towards Health Justice
Authors: Fougang Daina Charnelle , A/P Wepa Dianne Wepa , Mpofu Charles Charnelle
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Significant health disparities persist in women's health, particularly among marginalized groups like racial/ethnic minorities, LGBTQ+ individuals, and those with disabilities. Addressing these inequities requires training healthcare providers in structural competency to recognizing how social, economic, political, and cultural structures influence health outcomes beyond just individual factors. Objectives: The purpose of this study is to conduct a comprehensive evaluation of the literature on structural competence in connection to health inequalities in women's health. The objectives include: (1) Reviewing the role of structural competence in addressing health disparities among in reproductive health ; (2) Analysing instructional methodologies related to structural competencies; and (3) Developing a strategic framework to address racial health disparities in women's health through structural competence. Methodology: A literature review was conducted using the Scopus, Google Scholar, and Web of Science databases. After applying specific inclusion and exclusion criteria, 463 publications were retained from 905 articles published between 2010 and 2023. Findings: Major health disparities experienced by women include lack of access to quality healthcare services, discrimination from providers, higher rates of chronic illnesses, mental health issues, and lack of autonomy in reproductive health decisions and influenced by cultural norms and expectations. Racial/ethnic minority women face additional disparities due to language/cultural barriers, provider biases, impact of social determinants, and discrimination.Structural competency approaches highlighted include using community health workers (CHWs), analyzing electronic health record (EHR) data to identify disparities, advocating for policy changes targeting social determinants, and integrating structural competency training in medical curricula.While no specific successful policy examples are provided, recommendations include expanding healthcare coverage, supporting community clinics, and addressing socioeconomic inequities through systemic interventions. Conclusion: Integrating structural competency into medical education holds transformative potential for alleviating persistent health disparities in women's health by equipping providers to recognize and confront the underlying structural factors perpetuating these inequities.

Citation Format: Daina Charnelle Fougang, Dianne Wepa A/P Wepa, Charles Charnelle Mpofu. Towards Health Justice: Implementing Structural Competency in Women's Healthcare Education Towards Health Justice [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 17th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2024 Sep 21-24; Los Angeles, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2024;33(9 Suppl):Abstract nr A166.
Abstract A167: Use of a culturally adapted version of the Colorectal Cancer Screening Intervention Program (CCSIP) on Black immigrants in Salt Lake City
Authors: Onigbogi Olanrewaju O. , Kah Kebba , Okuyemi Kolawole
Published: September 2024

Background: Colorectal Cancer (CRC) disproportionately affects Blacks in the United States (US) with an incidence rate >20% compared with Whites. Genetic factors are believed to contribute as much as 35% to the overall risk of CRC. Recent male immigrants from Africa aged 45 and above may be at increased risk of developing the disease. Previous studies have reported cultural barriers in the uptake of CRC screening services in adult black immigrant populations. Therefore, providing culturally adapted versions of preventive services may be critical in reducing the disparities in cancer morbidity and mortality. The study therefore sought to evaluate the feasibility of adopting a culturally tailored CRC prevention intervention program to improve uptake among immigrants. Methods: We used the Delphi methodology to recruit a seven-man team of leaders in the African immigrant community exploring their views by administration of open-ended questions. The methodology was based on the Conducting and REporting of DElphi studies (CREDES) methodology with participants queried over three rounds about the appropriateness of a culturally adapted version of the Colorectal Cancer Screening Intervention Program (CCSIP) protocol of the National Institutes of Health (NIH). Participants also considered and gave anonymous feedback on what they perceived to be the strengths of responses of others and the findings of bigger group. This framework of expert opinion rounds was used to build the final consensus opinion. Results: There was critical consensus on the appropriateness of building trust-enhancing, fear and fatalism-reducing messages into the CCSIP protocol. There was weaker agreement on the need for religiously tailored messages. Conclusion: Improving the quality of the CCSIP protocol may be important in future interventions targeted at increasing CRC screening uptake among African immigrants.

Citation Format: Olanrewaju O. Onigbogi, Kebba Kah, Kolawole Okuyemi. Use of a culturally adapted version of the Colorectal Cancer Screening Intervention Program (CCSIP) on Black immigrants in Salt Lake City [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 17th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2024 Sep 21-24; Los Angeles, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2024;33(9 Suppl):Abstract nr A167.
Abstract B009: Analysis of the KRAS mutation spectrum in Black/African American and White/European lung adenocarcinoma patients, and its association with patient survival
Authors: Mullen Daniel J , Lugo Sofia , Puente Pablo E. , Ofosu-Asante Kweku , Mensah-Mamfo Justin K. , Phillips Kyle R. , Huang Yong , Lamango Nazarius S. , Offringa Ite A.
Published: September 2024

Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer-related deaths in the U.S. and its incidence and mortality rates in Black/African American (B/AA) men are 15% and 12% higher, respectively, than White/European (W/E) men. Lung adenocarcinoma is the most prevalent subtype of lung cancer in all ethnic/racial groups and is characterized by several driver mutations to genes in the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK pathway, including KRAS. Alterations to these driver genes can vary in spectrum and frequency between ethnic/racial groups. This may influence outcomes depending on patients’ genetic backgrounds, resulting in differential response to therapy. We thus compared the frequency and spectra of mutations of the KRAS gene in B/AA and W/E patients using publicly available databases with lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) sequencing (American Association for Cancer Research Project GENIE [Genomics Evidence Neoplasia Information Exchange], The Cancer Genome Atlas, and smaller datasets from a variety of publications). We also examined the association of the identified mutations with patient survival, with consideration of patient age, sex, and tobacco smoking history, where available. Using this information, we found that B/AA individuals had lower rates of KRAS mutations than W/E individuals. We also observed that across all patients with relevant data, those with a KRAS mutation tended to have poorer survival outcomes than those patients without. We are using information on the frequency and spectrum of KRAS mutations to develop models for lung adenocarcinoma development in B/AA patients, among others by generating isogenic cell lines carrying different KRAS mutations. Further investigations of public and published LUAD datasets are ongoing. Using the correct cell and gene models constitute a key approach to address health disparities in LUAD research and treatment.

Citation Format: Daniel J Mullen, Sofia Lugo, Pablo E. Puente, Kweku Ofosu-Asante, Justin K. Mensah-Mamfo, Kyle R. Phillips, Yong Huang, Nazarius S. Lamango, Ite A. Offringa. Analysis of the KRAS mutation spectrum in Black/African American and White/European lung adenocarcinoma patients, and its association with patient survival [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 17th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2024 Sep 21-24; Los Angeles, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2024;33(9 Suppl):Abstract nr B009.