bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Your WAP Is at Risk: A Vulnerability Analysis on Wireless Access Point Web-Based Management Interfaces
Authors: Chatzoglou Efstratios , Kambourakis Georgios , Kolias Constantinos
Published: February 2022

This work provides an answer to the following key question: Are the Web-based management interfaces of the contemporary off-the-shelf wireless access points (WAP) free of flaws and vulnerabilities? The short answer is not very much. That is, after performing a vulnerability assessment on the Web interfaces of six different WAPs by an equal number of diverse renowned vendors, we reveal a significant number of assorted medium-to-high severity vulnerabilities that are straightforwardly or indirectly exploitable. Overall, 13 categories of vulnerabilities translated to 28 zero-day attacks are exposed. Our findings range from legacy path traversal, cross-site scripting, and clickjacking attacks to HTTP request smuggling and splitting, replay, denial of service, and information leakage among others. In the worst-case scenario, the attacker can acquire the administrator’s (admin) credentials and the WAP’s Wi-Fi passphrases or permanently lock the admin out of accessing the WAP’s Web interface. On top of everything else, we identify the already applied hardening measures by these devices and elaborate on extra countermeasures that are required to tackle the identified weaknesses. To our knowledge, this work contributes the first wholemeal appraisal of the security level of this kind of Web-based interfaces that go hand in glove with the myriads of WAPs out there, and it is therefore anticipated to serve as a basis for further research in this timely and challenging field.
Generalized Fractional Integral Inequalities for MT-Non-Convex and
p
q
-Convex Functions
Authors: Wang Wei , Haq Absar Ul , Saleem Muhammad Shoaib , Zahoor Muhammad Sajid
Published: February 2022

Fractional integral inequalities have a wide range of applications in pure and applied mathematics. In the present research, we establish generalized fractional integral inequalities for MT-non-convex functions and

p
q

-convex functions. Our results extended many inequalities already existing in the literature.
Multimodal Music Emotion Recognition Method Based on the Combination of Knowledge Distillation and Transfer Learning
Authors: Tong Guiying
Published: February 2022

The main difficulty of music emotion recognition is the lack of sufficient labeled data. Only the labeled data with unbalanced categories are used to train the emotion recognition model. Not only is accurate labeling of emotion categories costly and time-consuming, but it also requires extensive musical background for labelers At the same time, the emotion of music is often affected by many factors. Singing methods, music styles, arrangement methods, lyrics, and other factors will affect the expression of music emotions. This paper proposes a multimodal method based on the combination of knowledge distillation and music style transfer learning and verifies the effectiveness of the method on 20,000 songs. Experiments show that compared with traditional methods, such as single audio, single lyric, and single audio with multimodal lyric methods, the method proposed in this paper has significantly improved the accuracy of emotion recognition, and the generalization ability has been significantly improved.
NOMA-Based Overlay Cognitive Satellite-UAV-Terrestrial Networks with Multiple Primary Users
Authors: Liu Rui , Guo Kefeng , An Kang , Zhu Shibing , Shuai Haifeng
Published: February 2022

Satellite communication is becoming more and more significant in present and future communication systems for its unique advantages of strong survivability and seamless coverage, which can offset the defects of terrestrial communication such as being restricted by terrain and little coverage. Moreover, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-assisted communication is considered as a promising development direction due to its flexibility and expansibility in the integrated satellite-terrestrial networks (ISTN). In addition, to overcome the spectrum shortage and low spectrum utilization problems, cognitive radio and nonorthogonal multiple access (NOMA) has been widely utilized to enhance spectrum efficiency, which is considered as the key technologies of the next generation communication. In this regard, our paper investigates the performance of cognitive satellite-UAV-terrestrial networks with NOMA scheme and multiple primary users. Specifically, the exact expressions of outage probability (OP) and ergodic capacity for both primary network and secondary network are derived. To gain further views, the asymptotic expression of OP and diversity orders for the two networks are provided. Finally, through numerical simulations, the correctness of the theoretical derivations is verified and the influences of critical variables on system indexes are also analyzed.
Vitrectomy with Inverted Fovea-Sparing Internal Limiting Membrane for Myopic Foveoschisis
Authors: Li Xinsheng , Wang Jingfan , Wu Yan , Wang Xingxing , Zhang Zhengyu , Hu Zizhong , Xie Ping
Published: February 2022

Purpose. To evaluate the efficacy and safety of vitrectomy with inverted fovea-sparing internal limiting membrane, as a modified surgical technique in the treatment of the eyes with myopic foveoschisis. Methods. This study was based on a consecutive, interventional case series. A standard 25-gauge (25-G), 3‐port pars plana vitrectomy combined with inverted fovea-sparing internal limiting membrane was performed on 13 eyes. Preoperative and postoperative best-corrected visual acuity, optical coherence tomography image, and central foveal thickness were analyzed. Patients were followed up for at least 6 months. Results. All 13 eyes showed dramatical resolution of myopic foveoschisis during the follow-up. The mean logarithm of minimum angle of resolution best-corrected visual acuity showed remarkable improvement from 1.06 ± 0.42 to 0.45 ± 0.25 (

p
<
0.0001

; paired t-test). The mean central foveal thickness significantly decreased from 479.62 ± 113.16 μm to 372.38 ± 88.12 μm, 316.18 ± 73.97 μm, and 272.40 ± 61.32 μm postoperatively at 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months, respectively (

p
<
0.0001

; paired t-test; preoperation vs. latest follow-up). Conclusions. Vitrectomy with inverted fovea-sparing internal limiting membrane can resolve myopic foveoschisis with high efficacy and safety.
Numerical Modelling of Fibre Metal Laminate Flexural Behaviour
Authors: Bellini Costanzo , Di Cocco Vittorio , Iacoviello Francesco , Mocanu Larisa Patricia
Published: February 2022

The employment of hybrid materials is frequently a solution for applications demanding high structural performances. FMLs (Fibre Metal Laminates) represent a group of hybrid materials, composed of metal sheets and composite material layers, and they exhibit good mechanical properties due to the presence of both types of material. The aim of this article is to introduce an FEM numerical model suitable for the prediction of the flexural behaviour of aluminium sheets/carbon fibre composite FMLs. Particular attention was paid to the simulation of the interface between the metal and the composite material. Therefore, the model for the three-point bending loading of two types of specimens was prepared: a specimen type presented a structural adhesive at the interface, while the other one was bonded by using the resin of the composite material. Experimental tests were carried out to validate the numerical model, and both the obtained load-displacement curves and the failure characteristics were compared with the results of numerical simulation. The appropriateness of the proposed model was witnessed by the correspondence between experimental and numerical results.
Shen-Shuai-Ling Formulation Attenuates Renal Interstitial Fibrosis in Chronic Kidney Disease by Regulating SHH-Gli1 Signaling Pathway
Authors: Li Ying , Tu Haitao , Luo Yan , Xiong Weijian , Liu Hong , Xiong Yanying , Zhang Qin , Li Huihui , Gao Xuan
Published: February 2022

Background. Shen-Shuai-Ling Formulation (SSLF) has apparent effects on improving renal function, delaying the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Methods. Fifty male SD rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: Sham group, Model group, SSLF group, CPN group, and C + S group. The morphological changes and the collagen fibers of the rat kidneys were observed by HE staining. The expression of α-SMA, Col I, SHH, Gli1, and snail1 was detected by Western blot and qPCR. Then, the cells were divided into the control group, SHH group, and SHH + SSLF serum group. Results. Compared with the Model group, the fibrosis in SSLF, CPN, and C + S groups was significantly alleviated. And, compared with those in the Model group, the expression of α-SMA, Col I, SHH, Gli1, Snail in SSLF, CPN, and C + S groups decreased remarkably. Conclusions. SSLF remarkably improves renal function and alleviates renal interstitial fibrosis in UUO rats.
Dynamic Effective Properties of Lead-Reinforced Epoxy Resin Composites with Differential Method
Authors: Zhu Haitao , Wan Yongping
Published: February 2022

In this paper, the quasi-P wave propagation in epoxy/lead composites is studied by the differential method with polarization stress and polarization momentum. The corresponding differential equations are numerically solved by the fourth-order Runge–Kutta method, and the dynamic effective modulus and density are obtained. Correctness of the results obtained by the differential method is verified by comparing with the results obtained by the self-consistent method as well as experiments. Results show that the dynamic effective modulus

L

1133

and

L

3333

increase with the increase of aspect ratio

δ

, whereas

L

1111

and

L

1122

decrease with the increase of

δ

. The phase velocity ratio of the quasi-P wave propagation in the composites tends to 1 when the dimensionless wave number is large, and the dynamic effective density and modulus obtained are not isotropic when

δ
≠
1

. It is believed that the differential method can be a choice for solving dynamic effective properties of heterogeneous composites.
Quality Evaluation of Iranian Honey Collected from Khorasan Province, Iran
Authors: Afshari Asma , Ram Mahdi , Mohamadi Sara
Published: February 2022

Honey is a prominent nutritional and medicinal production of honey bees, originating from the nectar of flowers. The physicochemical properties of honey serve as indicators of its freshness and originality. The current survey aimed to assess the parameters of quality control, including hydroxymethylfurfuraldehyde [HMF], reducing sugars, fructose/glucose, sucrose, proline content, distaste activity, and free acidity, in 25 honey samples of different brands available in Khorasan Province, Iran. We used the methods suggested by the Association of Official Analytical Collaboration (AOAC, 1995), the International Honey Commission (IHC, 2009), and the Codex Alimentarius Honey Standards for the study. Statistical analysis was performed in Microsoft Excel. The obtained data indicated that eight out of 25 analyzed samples (32%) complied with all the requirements and were generally of acceptable quality. Meanwhile, 17 samples (68%) were unconfirmed by the Iranian Standard Organization (ISO), including 12 samples with a low level of diastase (<8 Schade) and high levels of HMF (>15 mg/kg), two samples with high sucrose levels, two samples with high proline, and one sample with high HMF. These findings suggested their inappropriate storage (time/temperature), heat treatment, and/or adulteration with industrial sugar. According to the results, the examined honey samples produced in Khorasan Province were not of acceptable quality, which highlights the importance of an effective regulatory framework to be evaluated and rectified periodically and accurately to maintain consumer rights, as well as public health.
Bioinformatic Analysis and Cellular Assays Identify Substance P Influencing Th17/Treg Differentiation via the MyD88 Pathway as a Potential Contributor to the Progression of Asthma and Allergic Rhinitis
Authors: Ma Yuemei , Liu Chang , Xi Guangpeng , Guan Yuanyuan , Tang Yao , Zhang Jing , Xu Yue
Published: February 2022

Objective. This study is aimed at investigating the role of substance P (SP) in the development of asthma. Methods. The Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database was used to characterize SP expression in allergic rhinitis (AR) and asthma. Peripheral blood was collected from patients with asthma or AR. The expression of relevant cytokines and neuropeptides was measured. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was also performed. The mast cell line LAD2 and the lung bronchial epithelial cell line BEAS-2B were treated with different concentrations of SP concentration. Then, the qRT-PCR method was used to determine the mRNA expression. Furthermore, p38 and p65 and their associated phosphorylated proteins (p-p38 and p-p65) were further validated by western blotting. Result. Clinical and GSE75011 data analysis suggested that MyD88 expression was upregulated in AR and asthma. Through the gene set variation analysis (GSVA), MyD88-related pathways were noticed and further investigated. ELISA results suggested that the SP expression was significantly increased in AR and asthma and IL-10 expression was decreased, whereas the expression of IL-6, IL-17A, IL-23, and TGF-β expressions increased. The mast cell line LAD2 was treated with different SP concentrations, and ELISA results showed that the expression of IL-6, IL-17A, IL-23, and TGF-β in the cell supernatant gradually increased with increasing SP concentrations, whereas that of IL-10 decreased. The lung bronchial epithelial cell line BEAS-2B was treated with different SP concentrations, and the expression of myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) and its related proteins was elevated. The expression of p38 and p-p38 proteins was elevated after SP treatment, and their expression levels elevated as SP concentrations increased. Finally, MyD88 expression at the single-cell level was also demonstrated. Conclusion. SP may affect the cytokine expression through the MyD88 pathway, thereby influencing Th17/Treg differentiation and eventually participating in the pathological process of asthma and AR. There are many pathological similarities between allergic rhinitis (AR) and bronchial asthma. In the present study, SP was found to possibly activate downstream inflammatory signaling pathways via MyD88, thereby affecting Th17/Treg differentiation and ultimately participating in the pathological process of asthma and AR.
Drinking Water Quality and Public Health in the Kathmandu Valley, Nepal: Coliform Bacteria, Chemical Contaminants, and Health Status of Consumers
Authors: Sarkar Bibudhendra , Mitchell Erika , Frisbie Seth , Grigg Laurie , Adhikari Sagar , Maskey Byanju Rejina
Published: February 2022

Residents of Nepal’s Kathmandu Valley draw drinking water from tube wells, dug wells, and stone spouts, all of which have been reported to have serious water quality issues. In this study, we analyzed drinking water samples from 35 tube wells, dug wells, stone spouts, and municipal tap water for bacterial and chemical contaminants, including total and fecal coliform, aluminum, arsenic, barium, beryllium, boron, cadmium, cobalt, chromium, copper, fluoride, iron, mercury, manganese, molybdenum, nickel, lead, antimony, selenium, thallium, uranium, vanadium, and zinc. We also asked a sampling of households who used these specific water sources to rate the taste of their water, list any waterborne diseases they were aware of, and share basic health information about household members. This survey provided us with information from 146 households and 603 individuals. We found widespread bacterial contamination of water sources, with 94% of sources having detectable total or fecal coliform. Nepal Drinking Water Quality Standards and World Health Organization (WHO) Drinking‐Water Guidelines or health‐based values were exceeded for aluminum (max = 0.53 mg/L), arsenic (max = 0.071 mg/L), iron (max = 7.22 mg/L), and manganese (max = 3.229 mg/L). The distribution of water sources with high arsenic, iron, and manganese appeared to be associated with floodplain deposits. Mixed effects logistic regression models were used to examine the interactions between social factors and water contaminants and their effects on household members’ health. Consumers of water sources with both high and low concentrations of manganese were less likely to have a positive attitude towards school than those whose water sources had moderate concentrations of manganese. Social factors, especially education, played a large role in predicting individual health outcomes. Household taste ratings of drinking water were not correlated with iron or manganese concentrations, suggesting that WHO’s reliance on aesthetic criteria for these contaminants instead of formal drinking‐water guidelines may not be sufficient to protect public health.
Suicide Ideation among Outpatients with Alcohol Use Disorder
Authors: Hsu Wen-Yu , Chang Ting-Gang , Chang Cheng-Chen , Chiu Nan-Ying , Lin Chieh-Hsin , Lane Hsien-Yuan
Published: February 2022

Introduction. Individuals with substance use disorders, particularly those with alcohol use disorder (AUD), have a high risk of suicide. Therefore, identifying risk factors for suicide in these individuals is crucial. Methods. This retrospective study reviewed the medical records of individuals with AUD who participated in an alcohol treatment program in central Taiwan during 2019–2020. We collected data using the Cut down, Annoyed, Guilty, and Eye-opener questionnaire, Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), Brief Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test (MAST), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), and a suicidal ideation question. Furthermore, we collected information on several related variables, namely, sex, age, marital status, years in school, employment status, family history of alcohol problems, age at first exposure to alcohol, duration of alcohol use, history of alcohol cessation, history of domestic violence, and history of drunk driving. In total, 136 individuals were recruited to participate in this study. Results. The suicidal ideation group had significantly younger participants, a higher proportion of women, a higher proportion of participants with a history of domestic violence, a greater severity of alcohol addiction (based on both AUDIT and MAST scores), higher depression scores, higher anxiety scores, less social support, a lower quality of life (World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL)), and poorer sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, PSQI) compared with the nonsuicidal ideation group. The suicidal ideation score was correlated with the AUDIT score after age, and BDI, BAI, WHOQOL, and PSQI scores were controlled for (

P
=
0.034

). Conclusion. Individuals with higher AUDIT scores visiting a clinic for alcohol treatment might have a higher risk of suicidal ideation. Therefore, clinicians should pay close attention to the suicidal ideation problem in this population. Furthermore, appropriate medication or management programs for suicide prevention should be considered.
The Construction of Online Course Learning Model of Piano Education from the Perspective of Deep Learning
Authors: Huang Nansong , Ding Xiangxiang
Published: February 2022

This exploration aims at solving multiple teaching problems in piano online education course. On the premise of collaborative filtering, the K-means clustering algorithm is employed to apply the time data to the neural collaborative filtering algorithm, and the Improved Neu Matrix Factorization (Improved Neu MF) algorithm model is implemented. After the experiment, the relevant evaluation indexes are selected and the simulation test is operated on the relevant dataset. The test results show that root mean square error (RMSE) reaches 1.251 and mean absolute error (MAE) is 0.625. Indexes are adopted to evaluate the order of the model. The results suggest that the designed algorithm is better than the comparison algorithm, proving that the optimized model has better performance and can be used to construct an online course model. Based on deep learning, using the designed algorithm to build the online learning model of piano education can provide better, dynamic, and personalized online course recommendations for piano education. In this way, it can improve students’ learning efficiency, promote the online learning development of piano education, and have vital practical significance for disseminating art and culture.
Intelligent pH Indicative Film from Plant‐Based Extract for Active Biodegradable Smart Food Packing
Authors: Subramanian Kumaran , Logaraj Harinakshi , Ramesh V. , Mani Mahendrakumar , Balakrishnan K. , Selvaraj Harshni , Pugazhvendan Sampath Renuga , Velmurugan S. , Aruni Wilson
Published: February 2022

Background. Biodegradable biopolymers have been developed in response to the growing environmental concern over plastic packaging disposal. The emergence of active and intelligent packaging systems to monitor the quality of packed food is further necessitated by consumer demand and health concerns. Chemical dyes, on the other hand, are not ideal for use as an indicator in smart packaging for food due to their high toxicity and negative impacts on human health and the environment. As a result, the researchers are concentrating on natural pigments produced from plants and food waste as a signaling component in biodegradable packaging as well as the valorization of food waste. This review is focused on the advancement of active packaging from plant pigments.
Management and Outcomes of ANCA-Associated Vasculitis at a Tertiary Healthcare Facility
Authors: Moollan Nabeehah , Ahmed Adeel Rafi , Denton Mark
Published: February 2022

Purpose of the Study. Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody- (ANCA-) associated vasculitis (AAV) is a rare multisystem autoimmune condition with an incidence of 0.4–24 per 1 million person- years. The severity of renal involvement predicts prognosis. Limited data are available on its management and outcomes; thus, we aim to assess this at our tertiary-care renal facility. Study Design. Retrospective data were collected using our national renal electronic database (eMED) to identify AAV patients over a period of 6 years. Outcomes included progression to end-stage renal disease (ESRD) or death, chronic kidney disease (CKD), and preservation of renal function. Results. Thirty-six patients were included in the final study. Cyclophosphamide was used in 24 patients (66.7%) and, comparatively, rituximab in 7 patients (19.4%) for induction. Seven patients (19.4%) had a documented relapse, and six patients (85.7%) had rituximab as induction therapy for relapse. The majority of patients were on azathioprine (61.1%, 57.1% relapse population) as maintenance therapy. Progression to ESRD occurred in 11 (30.6%), death in 4 (11.1%), established CKD in 15 (41.7%), and preservation of renal function in 6 (16.7%) patients by the end of the follow-up period. Conclusions. While cyclophosphamide remains the choice of induction immunosuppression therapy, we favour rituximab as an induction agent in the relapse of AAV. Despite aggressive immunosuppression therapy, the incidence of ESRD and death remains high in these patients.
Study on MOOC’s English Learning Mode Based on Pattern Recognition
Authors: Tan Qijia , Yan Xuechao , Qin Zhaohui , Fang Berlin
Published: February 2022

The rapid development of the Internet has accelerated the reform of educational methods, with a trend toward flexible and open lifelong education systems. However, the traditional classroom learning mode cannot meet the needs of all students. This research adopted a descriptive and analytical approach. A quantitative survey was used to collect the necessary data. 218 undergraduates from Three Gorges University participated in survey questionnaire on the MOOC learning mode. Based on the MOOC platform, the current study tries to investigate the MOOC’s learning effect and the MOOC English learning mode and indicate the current users’ experience of MOOC learning mode. The results of the analysis reveal that insufficient types of resource content, poor interactivity, and poor self-learning effect, as well as tension and seriousness, do exist in the current MOOC learning mode. Thus, this paper proposes strategies including a MOOC-based English learning mode based on the above issues to improve satisfaction with MOOC, enrich the learning resources of the MOOC platform based on the Internet, enhance the interaction between teachers and students, strengthen students’ adaptability to the MOOC learning mode, arouse students’ interest online, and introduce online breaks.
Sustainability and Enterprise Economic Growth Management Based on Intelligent Signal Processing
Authors: Che Yanchao , Gao Xiang
Published: February 2022

With the rapid development of China’s market economy and the continuous deepening of system reforms, enterprises are also facing more problems while facing greater challenges. In order to deeply explore the role of intelligent signal processing in the development of enterprises in the context of 5G technology, this article uses data collection methods, questionnaire methods, and model building methods to collect data and analyze economic and institutional factors in the development of enterprises. The algorithm has been streamlined. First the impact of environmental factors in sustainable economic development is studied. The results show that, in the optimal economic growth plan, the optimal GDP is 27.65 trillion yuan, and the proportions of the three industries are 8.8%, 38.5%, and 49.7%, respectively; in the optimal pollution emission plan, the proportions of the three industries are 11.8%, 20.15%, and 65.5% respectively. In the neutral plan, the optimal GDP is 27.89 trillion yuan, and the proportions of the three industries are 8.5%, 39.7%, and 49.8%, respectively. This shows that, under the goal of pursuing the optimal environment, the economy can still be maintained. Further the advantages of the system in this article are discussed by analyzing the degree of synergy between them and the continuous growth of the enterprise; we can find that, from 2001 to 2006, the degree of synergy between enterprise technological innovation and institutional innovation has been continuously improved, and it has increased by 332.7% during this period, which shows that technological innovation, institutional innovation, and enterprise growth are coordinated development. It was basically realized that, starting from the intelligent signal processing technology, the economic model and innovation system that can develop together with the environment have been designed.
Internet of Things with Deep Learning-Based Face Recognition Approach for Authentication in Control Medical Systems
Authors: Hussain Tahir , Hussain Dostdar , Hussain Israr , AlSalman Hussain , Hussain Saddam , Ullah Syed Sajid , Al-Hadhrami Suheer
Published: February 2022

Internet of Things (IoT) with deep learning (DL) is drastically growing and plays a significant role in many applications, including medical and healthcare systems. It can help users in this field get an advantage in terms of enhanced touchless authentication, especially in spreading infectious diseases like coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Even though there is a number of available security systems, they suffer from one or more of issues, such as identity fraud, loss of keys and passwords, or spreading diseases through touch authentication tools. To overcome these issues, IoT-based intelligent control medical authentication systems using DL models are proposed to enhance the security factor of medical and healthcare places effectively. This work applies IoT with DL models to recognize human faces for authentication in smart control medical systems. We use Raspberry Pi (RPi) because it has low cost and acts as the main controller in this system. The installation of a smart control system using general-purpose input/output (GPIO) pins of RPi also enhanced the antitheft for smart locks, and the RPi is connected to smart doors. For user authentication, a camera module is used to capture the face image and compare them with database images for getting access. The proposed approach performs face detection using the Haar cascade techniques, while for face recognition, the system comprises the following steps. The first step is the facial feature extraction step, which is done using the pretrained CNN models (ResNet-50 and VGG-16) along with linear binary pattern histogram (LBPH) algorithm. The second step is the classification step which can be done using a support vector machine (SVM) classifier. Only classified face as genuine leads to unlock the door; otherwise, the door is locked, and the system sends a notification email to the home/medical place with detected face images and stores the detected person name and time information on the SQL database. The comparative study of this work shows that the approach achieved 99.56% accuracy compared with some different related methods.
LC-MS-Based Lipidomic Analysis of Serum Samples from Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM)
Authors: Liu Jia , Bai Lu , Wang Weimin , Song Yuqing , Zhao Wenbo , Li Qingwei , Wu Qiming
Published: February 2022

Background. With the development of social economy, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is becoming a severe health problem globally. Methods. To systematically understand the lipid metabolism in T2DM, we applied untargeted lipidomics to the serum of T2DM patients and control group using ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry (MS). Results. Over two thousand molecular features were detected by our approach, of which 222 lipid species in positive ion mode and 145 species in negative were reliably identified based on precise molecular weights and MS/MS patterns. Multivariate analysis was adopted to differentiate T2DM patients and the control group using principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least squares discrimination analysis (OPLS-DA). The dysregulated lipid species were found and their significance in pathophysiology was discussed. Correlation analysis of selected lipids and important clinical variables was performed and addressed. Conclusions. This study unveils several new lipids and pathways considerably involved in T2DM and provides novel insights into understanding the pathogenesis underlying T2DM.
Modeling and Analysis of Breast Cancer with Adverse Reactions of Chemotherapy Treatment through Fractional Derivative
Authors: Tang Tao-Qian , Shah Zahir , Bonyah Ebenezer , Jan Rashid , Shutaywi Meshal , Alreshidi Nasser
Published: February 2022

The abnormal growth of cells in the breast is called malignancy or breast cancer; it is a life-threatening and dangerous cancer in women around the world. In the treatment of cancer, the doctors apply different techniques to stop cancer cell development, remove cancer cells through surgery, or kill cancer cells. In chemotherapy treatment, powerful drugs are used to kill abnormal cells; however, it has adverse reactions on the patient heart which is called cardiotoxicity. In this paper, we formulate the dynamics of cancer in the breast with adverse reactions of chemotherapy treatment on the heart of a patient in the fractional framework to visualize its dynamical behaviour. We listed the fundamental results of the fractional calculus for the analysis of our model. The model is then analyzed for the basic properties, and the existence and uniqueness of the proposed breast cancer system are investigated through fixed point theory. Furthermore, the Adams-Bashforth numerical technique is presented for the solution of fractional-order system to illustrate the time series of breast cancer model. The dynamical behaviour of different stages of breast cancer is then highlighted numerically to show the effect of fractional-order

ϑ

and to visualize the role of input parameter on the dynamics of breast cancer.
Reliability and Life Prediction Algorithms of Insulated Cables Based on Wireless Network Communication
Authors: Sun Jianyu , Ni Zhonghua , Liu Yanxin
Published: February 2022

Since the size of the power system is getting larger, the power of the transmission and electrical power generation also increase, and the safety operation of the transmission and electrical power is becoming more and more important. This article is intended to study algorithm for reliability and life prediction based on wireless network communication. This paper first studies the energy consumption of wireless network communication, analyzes the maximization of network life, and then evaluates the thermal aging characteristics and life of XLPE cable insulation based on wireless communication. Through model establishment and analysis, when the reliability is below 50%, the reliability of the cable is basically not guaranteed. It is necessary to formulate an update and replacement plan to ensure the safe and stable operation of the power grid.
89Zr Immuno-PET Imaging of Tumor PD-1 Reveals That PMA Upregulates Lymphoma PD-1 through NFκB and JNK Signaling
Authors: Jung Kyung-Ho , Lee Jin Hee , Kim Mina , Cho Young Seok , Lee Kyung-Han
Published: February 2022

Immune therapy of T-cell lymphoma requires assessment of tumor-expressed programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1). Herein, we developed an immuno-PET technique that quantitatively images and monitors regulation of PD-1 expression on T-cell lymphomas. Methods. Anti-PD-1 IgG underwent sulfhydryl moiety-specific conjugation with maleimide-deferoxamine and 89Zr labeling. Binding assays and Western blotting were performed in EL4 murine T-cell lymphoma cells. In vivo pharmacokinetics, biodistribution, and PET were performed in mice. Results. 89Zr-PD-1 IgG binding to EL4 cells was completely blocked by cold antibodies, confirming excellent target specificity. Following intravenous injection into mice, 89Zr-PD-1 IgG showed biexponential blood clearance and relatively low normal organ uptake after five days. PET/CT and biodistribution demonstrated high EL4 tumor uptake that was suppressed by cold antibodies. In EL4 cells, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) increased 89Zr-PD-1 IgG binding ([Formula: see text]%) and dose-dependent augmentation of PD-1 expression ([Formula: see text] of controls by 200 ng/ml). FACS showed strong PD-1 expression on all EL4 cells and positive but weaker expression on [Formula: see text]% of the mouse spleen lymphocytes. PMA stimulation led to [Formula: see text]-fold increase in the proportion of the strongest PD-1 expressing EL4 cells but failed to influence that of PD-1+ mouse lymphocytes. In mice, PMA treatment increased 89Zr-PD-1 IgG uptake in EL4 lymphomas from [Formula: see text] to [Formula: see text]%ID/g ([Formula: see text]), and tumor uptake closely correlated with PD-1 level ([Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]). On immunohistochemistry of tumor sections, infiltrating CD8 α+ T lymphocytes constituted a small fraction of tumor cells. The entire tumor section showed strong PD-1 staining that was even stronger for PMA-treated mice. Investigation of involved signaling revealed that PMA increased EL4 cell and tumor HIF-1 α accumulation and NF κB and JNK activation. Conclusion. 89Zr-PD-1 IgG offered high-contrast PET imaging of tumor PD-1 in mice. This was found to mostly represent binding to EL4 tumor cells, although infiltrating T lymphocytes may also have contributed. PD-1 expression on T-cell lymphomas was upregulated by PMA stimulation, and this was reliably monitored by 89Zr-PD-1 IgG PET. This technique may thus be useful for understanding the mechanisms of PD-1 regulation in lymphomas of living subjects.
Protective Effect of Curcumin against Doxazosin- and Carvedilol-Induced Oxidative Stress in HepG2 Cells
Authors: Medina-Pizaño Mariana Yazmin , Medina-Rosales Marina Nayeli , Martínez-Hernández Sandra Luz , Aldaba-Muruato Liseth Rubi , Macías-Pérez José Roberto , Sánchez-Alemán Esperanza , Ventura-Juárez Javier , Muñoz-Ortega Martin Humberto
Published: February 2022

Doxazosin and carvedilol have been evaluated as an alternative treatment against chronic liver lesions and for their possible role during the regeneration of damage caused by liver fibrosis in a hamster model. However, these drugs have been reported to induce morphological changes in hepatocytes, affecting the recovery of liver parenchyma. The effects of these α/𝛽 adrenoblockers on the viability of hepatocytes are unknown. Herein, we demonstrate the protective effect of curcumin against the possible side effects of doxazosin and carvedilol, drugs with proven antifibrotic activity. After pretreatment with 1 μM curcumin for 1 h, HepG2 cells were exposed to 0.1–25 μM doxazosin or carvedilol for 24, 48, and 72 h. Cell viability was assessed using the MTT assay and SYTOX green staining. Morphological changes were detected using the hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). An expression of apoptotic and oxidative stress markers was analyzed using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). The results indicate that doxazosin decreases cell viability in a time- and dose-dependent manner, whereas carvedilol increases cell proliferation; however, curcumin increases or maintains cell viability. SEM and H&E staining provided evidence that doxazosin and carvedilol induced morphological changes in HepG2 cells, and curcumin protected against these effects, maintaining the morphology in 90% of treated cells. Furthermore, curcumin positively regulated the expression of Nrf2, HO-1, and SOD1 mRNAs in cells treated with 0.1 and 0.5 μM doxazosin. Moreover, the Bcl-2/Bax ratio was higher in cells that were treated with curcumin before doxazosin or carvedilol. The present study demonstrates that curcumin controls doxazosin- and carvedilol-induced cytotoxicity and morphological changes in HepG2 cells possibly by overexpression of Nrf2.
Research Progress on the Pharmacological Action of Schisantherin A
Authors: Xiao Zehao , Xiao Wen , Li Guilin
Published: February 2022

Schisantherin A (Sch A) is a dibenzocyclooctadiene lignan monomer isolated from the fruit of Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill. (S. chinensis). At present, many studies have shown that Sch A has a wide range of pharmacological effects, including its anti-Parkinson and anti-inflammatory effects and ability to protect the liver, protect against ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury, suppress osteoclast formation, and improve learning and memory. Its mechanism may be related to the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic properties of Sch A through the MAPK, NF-κB, AKT/GSK3β, and PI3K/AKT pathways. This is the first review of the recent studies on the pharmacological mechanism of Sch A.
Mitigation Impact of Energy and Time Delay for Computation Offloading in an Industrial IoT Environment Using Levenshtein Distance Algorithm
Authors: Rafiq Ahsan , Wang Ping , Wei Min , Ali Muthanna Muhammad Saleh , Josbert Nteziriza Nkerabahizi
Published: February 2022

Due to the explosive growth of the Internet of things (IoT) devices and the emergence of diverse new applications, network traffic volume is growing exponentially. The traditional centralized network architecture cannot fulfill IoT devices demand because of the heavy network traffic in industrial IoT. Moreover, IoT devices have limited computational ability and battery power. Energy consumption and time delay problems during computation offloading are fundamental issues. A new architecture known as mobile edge computing (MEC) was introduced to overcome these issues, which brings cloud services and its contents to the edge of the network. IoT devices can offload the data for computation to the cloud server or edge nodes. Different schemes have been proposed to overcome this problem under many scenarios (i.e., single-user, multiuser, and vehicular networks). In this paper, we proposed a modified delay mitigation Levenshtein distance algorithm (MDML). We consider an industrial scenario with multiple IoT devices and multiple servers (edge nodes). Each edge node consists of one MEC server. The proposed algorithm solves the offloading optimization problem of energy and mitigation of time delay with much lower complexity while significantly reducing offloading tasks’ execution time. It works on the basis of dynamic programming, where we break down a complex problem into subproblems. Performance evaluation of our proposed algorithm shows that it can achieve satisfactory energy efficiency and mitigate time delay in the industrial IoT environment.
Gap between Prediction and Truth: A Case Study of False-Positives in Leakage Detection
Authors: Wang Pengbo , Tang Ming , Xiang Shoukun , Wang Yaru , Liu Botao
Published: February 2022

Since leakage detection was introduced as a popular side-channel security assessment, it has been plagued by false-positives (a.k.a. type I errors). To fix this error, the previous solutions set detection thresholds based on an assumption-based prediction of false-positive rate (FPR). However, this study points out that such a prediction (of FPR) may be inaccurate. We notice that the prediction in EuroCrypt2016 is much smaller than (approximately

1
/

779

times) the true FPR. The gap between prediction and truth, called underpredicted false-positives (UFP), leads to severe false-positives in leakage detection. Then, we check the statistical distribution of test statistics to analyze the cause of UFP. Our analysis indicates that the overlap between cross-validation (CV) blocks gives rise to an assumption error in the distribution of the CV-based estimates of

ρ

-statistics, which is the root cause of UFP. Therefore, we tackle the UFP by eliminating the overlap between blocks. Specifically, we propose a profiling-shared validation (PSV) and utilize this validation to improve the detection of any-variate any-order leakages. Our experiments show that the PSV solves the UFP and saves more than 75% of the test time costs. In summary, this article reports a potential flaw in leakage detection and provides a complete analysis of the flaw for the first time.
A Defect Localization Approach Based on Improved Areal Coordinates and Machine Learning
Authors: Pang Dandan , Jiang Yongqing , Cao Yukang , Li Baozhu
Published: February 2022

The defects are usually generated during the structural materials subjected to external loads. Elucidating the position distribution of defects using acoustic emission (AE) technique provides the basis for investigating the failure mechanism and prevention of materials and estimating the location of the potentially dangerous sources. However, the location accuracy is heavily affected by both limitation of localization area and reliance on the premeasured wave velocity. Here, we propose a novel AE source localization approach based on generalized areal coordinates and a machine learning algorithmic model. A total of 14641 AE source location simulation cases are carried out to validate the proposed method. The simulation results indicate that even under various measurement error conditions the AE sources could be effectively located. Moreover, the feasibility of the proposed approach is experimentally verified on the AE source localization system. The experiment results show that the mean localization error of 3.64 mm and the standard deviation of 2.61 mm are obtained, which are 67.55% and 75.46% higher than those of the traditional method.
Extremal Trees for the Exponential of Forgotten Topological Index
Authors: Jahanbani Akbar , Cancan Murat , Motamedi Ruhollah
Published: February 2022

Let F be the forgotten topological index of a graph G. The exponential of the forgotten topological index is defined as , where tx,y(G) is the number of edges joining vertices of degree x and y. Let Tn be the set of trees with n vertices; then, in this paper, we will show that the path Pn has the minimum value for eF over Tn.
Wireless Sensor Network Cluster Head Selection and Short Routing Using Energy Efficient ElectroStatic Discharge Algorithm
Authors: Jagan G. C. , Jesu Jayarin P.
Published: February 2022

Wireless sensor networks attract so much attention in current IoT-enabled industrial and domestic applications having either homogeneous or heterogeneous sensors deployed to acquire information of intent. WSNs are designed to operate using self-powered sensor nodes as their choice of application is geographic critical. Such nodes must support energy efficiency so that network longevity becomes high. Cluster head selection plays a crucial stage in a WSN architecture which mainly focuses on the minimization of network energy consumption. It groups sensor nodes in such a way that a sophisticated network cluster is formed to have enhanced life time besides a low power consumption. A popular clustering technique, known as LEACH and its variants, is found to be energy efficient compared to its counterparts. The authors propose a novel fully connected energy efficient clustering (FCEEC) mechanism using the electrostatic discharge algorithm to establish a fully connected network with shortest path routing from sensor nodes (SNs) to cluster head (CH) in a multihop environment. The proposed electrostatic discharge algorithm (ESDA) enhances network life time while attaining energy efficient full connectivity between sensor nodes. As a result of ESD, the dead node count is reduced significantly so that the network longevity is increased. In the end, simulation results exhibited improved performance metrics such as energy efficiency, dead node count, packet delivery, and network latency compared to certain conventional CH selection approach.
[Retracted] Music Choreography Algorithm Based on Feature Matching and Fragment Segmentation
Authors: Wang Zhigang
Published: February 2022

Choreography is an art form in and of itself. Because music and dance have always appeared at the same time throughout human history, music has had a significant influence on dance arrangement. It is important to arrange appropriate dance movements based on the music pieces chosen by users when creating choreography. This paper proposes a mixed density network‐based music choreography algorithm in response to the current state of music choreography. The algorithm should be able to convert motion and music signals into a high‐level semantic meaning that is compatible with human cognition, compare the degree of matching, and arrange the dance based on the music and motion segments that match. Furthermore, the consistency and authenticity of the movements in the dance created in this paper have been improved. Users’ subjective feedback indicates that the choreography results in this paper are more closely aligned with the music. In the field of music choreography, it has some practical utility.