bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The catalytic performance of CuFe2O4@CQD nanocomposite as a high-perform heterogeneous nanocatalyst in nitroaniline group reduction
Authors: Naghash-Hamed Samin , Arsalani Nasser , Mousavi Seyed Borhan
Published: February 2023

In this study, we fabricated an economical, non-toxic, and convenient magnetic nanocomposite of CuFe2O4 nanoparticles (NPs)/carbon quantum dots (CQDs) of citric acid via the co-precipitation method. Afterward, obtained magnetic nanocomposite was used as a nanocatalyst to reduce the ortho-nitroaniline (o-NA) and para-nitroaniline (p-NA) using a reducer agent of sodium borohydride (NaBH4). To investigate the functional groups, crystallite, structure, morphology, and nanoparticle size of the prepared nanocomposite, FT-IR, XRD, TEM, BET, and SEM were employed. The catalytic performance of the nanocatalyst was experimentally evaluated based on the ultraviolet–visible absorbance to assess the reduction of o-NA and p-NA. The acquired outcomes illustrated that the prepared heterogeneous catalyst significantly enhanced the reduction of o-NA and p-NA substrates. The analysis of the absorption showed a remarkable decrease for ortho-NA and para-NA at λmax = 415 nm in 27 s and λmax = 380 nm in 8 s, respectively. The constant rate (kapp) of ortho-NA and para-NA at the stated λmax was 8.39 × 10–2 s−1 and 5.48 × 10–1 s−1. The most highlighted result of this work was that the CuFe2O4@CQD nanocomposite fabricated from citric acid performed better than absolute CuFe2O4 NPs, since nanocomposite containing CQDs had a more significant impact than copper ferrite NPs.
Repeatability and reproducibility of cardiac manganese-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Singh T. , Joshi S. , Meah M. N. , Spath N. B. , Papanastasiou G. , Kershaw L. E. , Baker A. H. , Dweck M. R. , Newby D. E. , Semple S. I.
Published: February 2023

Manganese-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging can provide a surrogate measure of myocardial calcium handling. Its repeatability and reproducibility are currently unknown. Sixty-eight participants: 20 healthy volunteers, 20 with acute myocardial infarction, 18 with hypertrophic and 10 with non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy underwent manganese-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging. Ten healthy volunteers were re-scanned at 3 months. Native T1 values and myocardial manganese uptake were assessed for intra and inter-observer repeatability. Scan-rescan reproducibility was assessed in ten healthy volunteers. Intra-observer and inter-observer correlation was excellent in healthy volunteers for mean native T1 mapping [Lin’s correlation coefficient (LCC) 0.97 and 0.97 respectively] and myocardial manganese uptake (LCC: 0.99 and 0.96 respectively). Scan-rescan correlation for native T1 and myocardial manganese uptake was also excellent. Similarly, intra-observer correlations for native T1 and myocardial manganese uptake in patients with acute myocardial infarction (LCC: 0.97 and 0.97 respectively), hypertrophic (LCC: 0.98 and 0.97 respectively) and dilated cardiomyopathy (LCC: 0.99 and 0.95 respectively) were excellent. Limits of agreement were broader in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy. Manganese-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging has high repeatability and reproducibility in healthy myocardium and high repeatability in diseased myocardium. However, further study is needed to establish robustness in pathologies with diffuse myocardial fibrosis.
Development of an array of molecular tools for the identification of khapra beetle (Trogoderma granarium), a destructive beetle of stored food products
Authors: Wu Yunke , Domingue Michael J. , McGraw Alana R. , Vieira Kendra A. , Palmeri Marjorie Z. , Myers Scott W.
Published: February 2023

Trogoderma granarium Everts, the khapra beetle, native to the Indian subcontinent, is one of the world’s most destructive pests of stored food products. Early detection of this pest facilitates prompt response towards the invasion and prevents the need for costly eradication efforts. Such detection requires proper identification of T. granarium, which morphologically resembles some more frequently encountered, non-quarantine congeners. All life stages of these species are difficult to distinguish using morphological characters. Additionally, biosurveillance trapping can result in the capture of large numbers of specimens awaiting identification. To address these issues, we aim to develop an array of molecular tools to rapidly and accurately identify T. granarium among non-target species. Our crude, cheap DNA extraction method performed well for Trogoderma spp. and is suitable for downstream analyses including sequencing and real-time PCR (qPCR). We developed a simple quick assay usingrestriction fragment length polymorphism to distinguish between T. granarium and the closely related, congeneric T. variabile Ballion and T. inclusum LeConte. Based on newly generated and published mitochondrial sequence data, we developed a new multiplex TaqMan qPCR assay for T. granarium with improved efficiency and sensitivity over existing qPCR assays. These new tools benefit regulatory agencies and the stored food products industry by providing cost- and time-effective solutions to enhance the identification of T. granarium from related species. They can be added to the existing pest detection toolbox. The selection of which method to use would depend on the intended application.
Accelerated germination of aged recalcitrant seeds by K+-rich bulk oxygen nanobubbles
Authors: Kim Mijung , Shoji Akio , Kobayashi Toshiaki , Shirai Yasuyuki , Sugawa Shigetoshi , Takahashi Masayoshi
Published: February 2023

Bulk nanobubbles, measuring less than 200 nm in water, have shown their salient properties in promoting growth in various species of plants and orthodox seeds, and as potential drug-delivery carriers in medicine. Studies of recalcitrant seeds have reported markedly increased germination rates with gibberellin treatment; however, neither the mechanism promoting germination nor the implication for food safety is well elucidated. In our study, recalcitrant wasabi (Eutrema japonicum) seeds treated with bulk oxygen nanobubbles (BONB) containing K+, Na+, and Cl− (BONB-KNaCl) showed significantly accelerated germination. As germination progressed, 99% of K+ ions in the BONB-KNaCl medium were absorbed by the seeds, whereas Ca2+ ions were released. These results suggest that the germination mechanism involves the action of K+ channels for migration of K+ ions down their concentration gradient and Ca2+ pumps for the movement of Ca2+ ions, the first potential discovery in germination promotion in recalcitrant seeds using nutrient solutions with BONB-KNaCl.
Correlates of burnout among healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic in South Korea
Authors: Hwang Soyoon , Kwon Ki Tae , Lee So Hee , Kim Shin-Woo , Chang Hyun-Ha , Kim Yoonjung , Bae Sohyun , Cheong Hae Suk , Park Se Yoon , Kim Bongyoung , Lee Shinwon , Park Jiho , Heo Sang Taek , Oh Won Sup , Kim Yeonjae , Park Kyung-Hwa , Kang Chang Kyung , Oh NamHee , Lim Su Jin , Yun Seongcheol , Son Ji Woong , Ryoo Hyun Wook , Chung Un Sun , Lee Ju-Yeon , Park Hye Yoon , Shin Ji-Yeon , Bae Sang-geun , Lee Ji-yeon
Published: February 2023

Burnout is a form of negative emotional and physical response to job stress. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of burnout among healthcare workers responding to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in Korea and to explore correlates of burnout among healthcare workers. A nationwide questionnaire-based survey was conducted from December 1, 2020, to January 29, 2021 on 1425 healthcare workers who worked in one of the 16 healthcare facilities designated for COVID-19 care, in public health centers, or as paramedics in Korea. Burnout was assessed using 16 Korean-adapted items based on the Oldenburg Burnout Inventory (OLBI). Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed using the R version 4.1.1 software program. OLBI results indicate clinically exhaustion in 84.5% (1204/1425) and clinically disengagement in 91.1% (1298/1425), and 77.3% (1102/1425) met the score criteria for both the exhaustion and disengagement subscales for burnout. Burnout rate was significantly increased in the group with chronic fatigue symptoms (Fatigue Severity Scale ≥ 3.22) after the outbreak of COVID-19 (OR, 3.94; 95% CI 2.80–5.56), in the female group (OR, 2.05; 95% CI 1.46–2.86), in the group with physical symptoms (Patient Health Questionnaire-15 ≥ 10) after the outbreak of COVID-19 (OR, 2.03; 95% CI 1.14–3.60), in the group with a higher Global Assessment of Recent Stress scale (OR, 1.71; 95% CI 1.46–2.01), in the group with post-traumatic stress symptoms (Primary Care Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder-5 ≥ 2) (OR, 1.47; 95% CI 1.08–2.01), and in the younger age group(OR, 1.45; 95% CI 1.22–1.72). The chronic fatigue symptoms were correlated with cumulative days of care (OR, 1.18; 95% CI 1.02–1.37). The physical symptoms were correlated with average contact hours with COVID-19 patients per day (OR, 1.34; 95% CI 1.17–1.54), and cumulative days of care (OR, 1.21; 95% CI 1.06–1.38). Most Korean healthcare workers suffered from burnout related to excessive workload during the COVID-19 pandemic. During a widespread health crisis like COVID-19, it is necessary to regularly check the burnout status in healthcare workers and reduce their excessive workload by supplementing the workforce and providing appropriate working hours sufficient rest hours.
Re-analysis of publicly available methylomes using signal detection yields new information
Authors: Hafner Alenka , Mackenzie Sally
Published: February 2023

Cytosine methylation is an epigenetic mark that participates in regulation of gene expression and chromatin stability in plants. Advancements in whole genome sequencing technologies have enabled investigation of methylome dynamics under different conditions. However, the computational methods for analyzing bisulfite sequence data have not been unified. Contention remains in the correlation of differentially methylated positions with the investigated treatment and exclusion of noise, inherent to these stochastic datasets. The prevalent approaches apply Fisher’s exact test, logistic, or beta regression, followed by an arbitrary cut-off for differences in methylation levels. A different strategy, the MethylIT pipeline, utilizes signal detection to determine cut-off based on a fitted generalized gamma probability distribution of methylation divergence. Re-analysis of publicly available BS-seq data from two epigenetic studies in Arabidopsis and applying MethylIT revealed additional, previously unreported results. Methylome repatterning in response to phosphate starvation was confirmed to be tissue-specific and included phosphate assimilation genes in addition to sulfate metabolism genes not implicated in the original study. During seed germination plants undergo major methylome reprogramming and use of MethylIT allowed us to identify stage-specific gene networks. We surmise from these comparative studies that robust methylome experiments must account for data stochasticity to achieve meaningful functional analyses.
Access to information and oncofertility consultation for young women with breast cancer: a population-based study
Authors: Martinet-Kosinski Florian , Lamy Sébastien , Bauvin Eric , Dalenc Florence , Vaysse Charlotte , Grosclaude Pascale
Published: February 2023

Non-menopausal women with breast cancer treated with chemotherapy are at intermediate risk of post-treatment amenorrhea and decreased fertility. Although they should receive appropriate information, studies until now show that this is inadequate. We investigated the proportion of women who received information about this risk during the pre-treatment consultation, and those who received an oncofertility consultation to preserve their gametes. We also analysed the medical and non-medical factors influencing the transmission of information to patients and their uptake of oncofertility consultations. We included women aged 18–40 years treated with chemotherapy for breast cancer between 2012 and 2017 in the Midi-Pyrénées region (ca. 3 million inhabitants), France. Studied variables were included in a multilevel model. Among the 575 women, 41% of the women received information and 28% received an oncofertility consultation. These two steps on the care pathway were significantly influenced by the type of care structure, the woman's age, her parity at the time of diagnosis, and the metastatic status of the cancer. Female oncologist gender was significantly associated with higher transmission rate. We found no association between neoadjuvant chemotherapy status, level of deprivation (EDI), triple-negative status, marital status, and first-degree family history of cancer and information transmission or uptake of oncofertility consultation. Our study shows that not enough women are informed and have recourse to an oncofertility consultation. Despite a legal obligation, the health care system does not offer the necessary conditions for access to oncofertility care.
Predicting anti-cancer activity in flavonoids: a graph theoretic approach
Authors: Mukwembi Simon , Nyabadza Farai
Published: February 2023

In drug design, there are two major causes of drug failure in the clinic. First, the drug has to work, and second, the drug should be safe. Identifying compounds that work for certain ailments require enormous experimental time and, in general, is cost intensive. In this paper, we are concerned with melanoma, a special type of cancer that affects the skin. In particular, we seek to provide a mathematical model that can predict the ability of flavonoids, a vast and natural class of compounds that are found in plants, in reversing or alleviating melanoma. The basis for our model is the conception of a new graph parameter called, for lack of better terminology, graph activity, which captures melanoma cancer healing properties of the flavonoids. With a superior coefficient of determination, $$R^2=1$$

R
2

=
1

, the new model faithfully reproduces anti-cancer activities of some known data-sets. We demonstrate that the model can be used to rank the healing abilities of flavonoids which could be a powerful tool in the screening, and identification, of compounds for drug candidates.
Research on the flow experience and social influences of users of short online videos. A case study of DouYin
Authors: Zheng Cheng
Published: February 2023

Recently, short online videos have been highly recognized by video market users and have developed rapidly. This study aims to explore why users enjoy watching and sharing short online videos by applying the theory of flow experience. Previous research has extensively examined traditional video arts such as TV and movies and text or image based, while research on short online videos has increased only in recent years. To improve the precision and comprehensiveness of the research, social influence is also used as a variable. This study takes the short video representative platform DouYin as a case study and the Chinese user market as the background. Through questionnaires, 406 users' data about short online video experiences were collected. After statistical analysis, the study finds that flow experience has a significant impact on participative behaviour and sharing behaviour for short online videos. According to further analyses, the flow experience, social norms, perceived critical mass and participative and sharing behaviour constitute three groups of mediating relationships. Finally, the discussion of the research results provides help to broaden the academic scope of the flow experience and video art, improve the short online video platform environment, and upgrade short online video services.
Discounting money and health effects from communicable and noncommunicable diseases in Thailand
Authors: Yadee Jirawit , Permsuwan Unchalee , Guntawongwan Kansinee , Himakalasa Woraluck , Buddhawongsa Piyaluk
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine the discount rates for money and health outcomes in the Thai context, including the discount rates for communicable and non-communicable diseases. Moreover, this study aimed to explore the socio-demographic characteristics that influence discounting. The computer-based experimental design was used to obtain time preferences for money and health in a total of 1202 Chiang Mai province population, aged 25–50, individually interviewed by trained interviewers. Money-related questions were carried out in all subjects. For health-related questions, all subjects were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio for response to questions about Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) (N = 602) and air pollution (N = 600). A choice-based elicitation procedure was performed in the experiment to obtain the indifference values from subjects’ time preferences. The cumulative weighting functions were generated using the indifference values to indicate the degree of discounting. The discount factors were computed from the cumulative weighting functions. The discount rates were estimated using a continuous approximation based on the relationship between the discount factors and the parameters governing the discounting model. The Tobit model was applied to investigate the relationships between discounting and socio-demographic characteristics. Discounting for money was greater than discounting for health. Money and health had annual discount rates of 6.2% and 1.3%, respectively. Furthermore, in the COVID -19 situation, the annual discount rate for health was higher than that in the air pollution situation (2.4% vs. 0.7%). Generation X subjects (aged 42 years and above), children under the age of 15 in the household, and underlying diseases were positively related to discounting, while household income was negatively related to discounting. Health should be discounted at a lower rate than money. Moreover, different discount rates should be considered for different types of diseases.
Part I observational study on a new mechanism for North Pacific Oscillation influencing the tropics
Authors: Zhao Jiuwei , Sung Mi-Kyung , Park Jae-Heung , Luo Jing-Jia , Kug Jong-Seong
Published: February 2023

The North Pacific Oscillation (NPO), a representative midlatitude atmospheric variability, plays an important role in the development of the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO). To explain this extratropical–tropical linkage, previous studies have focused on the atmospheric boundary layer processes coupled with the mixed-layer ocean. Different from the existing hypothesis, in this study, we propose a new mechanism to link the NPO to ENSO via upper-tropospheric teleconnections. Analyses of the wave activity flux show that wave energy associated with the NPO directly propagates from midlatitude to the tropics, modulating the tropical circulation. During the NPO event, this equatorward energy flux becomes pronounced after the NPO peak phase and persists for more than two weeks. As a result, when a positive NPO grows (here, north anticyclonic–south cyclonic circulation), upper-level easterly wind anomalies are situated along the equatorial Pacific. Accordingly, anomalous lower-level westerly winds simultaneously occur in the equatorial Pacific, contributing to the development of El Niño events. To demonstrate the wave energy propagation via the upper-level troposphere, a stationary wave model experiment was performed with an NPO-like barotropic vorticity forcing. The results show equatorward wave propagation consistent with the observation.
Nucleated red blood cells explain most of the association between DNA methylation and gestational age
Authors: Haftorn Kristine L. , Denault William R. P. , Lee Yunsung , Page Christian M. , Romanowska Julia , Lyle Robert , Næss Øyvind E. , Kristjansson Dana , Magnus Per M. , Håberg Siri E. , Bohlin Jon , Jugessur Astanand
Published: February 2023

Determining if specific cell type(s) are responsible for an association between DNA methylation (DNAm) and a given phenotype is important for understanding the biological mechanisms underlying the association. Our EWAS of gestational age (GA) in 953 newborns from the Norwegian MoBa study identified 13,660 CpGs significantly associated with GA (pBonferroni<0.05) after adjustment for cell type composition. When the CellDMC algorithm was applied to explore cell-type specific effects, 2,330 CpGs were significantly associated with GA, mostly in nucleated red blood cells [nRBCs; n = 2,030 (87%)]. Similar patterns were found in another dataset based on a different array and when applying an alternative algorithm to CellDMC called Tensor Composition Analysis (TCA). Our findings point to nRBCs as the main cell type driving the DNAm–GA association, implicating an epigenetic signature of erythropoiesis as a likely mechanism. They also explain the poor correlation observed between epigenetic age clocks for newborns and those for adults.
Temporal segregation of biosynthetic processes is responsible for metabolic oscillations during the budding yeast cell cycle
Authors: Takhaveev Vakil , Özsezen Serdar , Smith Edward N. , Zylstra Andre , Chaillet Marten L. , Chen Haoqi , Papagiannakis Alexandros , Milias-Argeitis Andreas , Heinemann Matthias
Published: February 2023

Many cell biological and biochemical mechanisms controlling the fundamental process of eukaryotic cell division have been identified; however, the temporal dynamics of biosynthetic processes during the cell division cycle are still elusive. Here, we show that key biosynthetic processes are temporally segregated along the cell cycle. Using budding yeast as a model and single-cell methods to dynamically measure metabolic activity, we observe two peaks in protein synthesis, in the G1 and S/G2/M phase, whereas lipid and polysaccharide synthesis peaks only once, during the S/G2/M phase. Integrating the inferred biosynthetic rates into a thermodynamic-stoichiometric metabolic model, we find that this temporal segregation in biosynthetic processes causes flux changes in primary metabolism, with an acceleration of glucose-uptake flux in G1 and phase-shifted oscillations of oxygen and carbon dioxide exchanges. Through experimental validation of the model predictions, we demonstrate that primary metabolism oscillates with cell-cycle periodicity to satisfy the changing demands of biosynthetic processes exhibiting unexpected dynamics during the cell cycle.
Aquifer conditions, not irradiance determine the potential of photovoltaic energy for groundwater pumping across Africa
Authors: Meunier Simon , Kitanidis Peter K. , Cordier Amaury , MacDonald Alan M.
Published: February 2023

Groundwater pumping using photovoltaic energy has the potential to transform water services in poorly served areas. Here we develop a numerical model that uses openly available data to simulate the abstraction capacities of photovoltaic water pumping systems across Africa. The first contribution of this article is the detailed design of the large-scale model to include realistic geological constraints on the depth of pumping and sub-hourly irradiance time series. The second one is the provision of results for the whole continent. We simulated results for three system sizes (100, 1000, 3000 Wp) and the daily pumped volumes were found to vary between 0.1 and 180 m3, depending on the size and location. We show that, for much of Africa, groundwater pumping using photovoltaic energy is constrained by aquifer conditions, rather than irradiance. Our results can help identify regions where photovoltaic pumping has the highest potential and help target large scale investments.
Trench-parallel ridge subduction controls upper-plate structure and shallow megathrust seismogenesis along the Jalisco-Colima margin, Mexico
Authors: Prada Manel , Bartolomé Rafael , Gras Claudia , Bandy William L. , Dañobeitia Juan José
Published: February 2023

The parameters allowing for near-trench megathrust ruptures are debated and commonly involve the presence of site-dependent tectonic factors (e.g. rough subducting topography, amount of sediments), implying the need for direct geophysical observations. Here we use seismic imaging techniques to explore the mechanisms triggering shallow ruptures in the Rivera subduction zone, along the non-accretionary Jalisco-Colima continental margin, W Mexico, where three large (Mw~8) tsunamigenic megathrust earthquakes occurred in the last century. The seismic image reveals large interplate topographic variations morphologically alike to incoming trench-parallel ridges seaward of the study area. Ridge subduction only occurs along the southern non-accretionary margin of the Rivera system, where past earthquakes released large near-trench coseismic energy, indicating that subducting ridges enhance interplate coupling. Subducting ridges uplift the margin, causing upper-plate fracturing and low rigidity areas. Such elastic structure quantitatively explains the dynamics of slow and tsunamigenic ruptures in the past. We conclude that ridge subduction beneath the Jalisco-Colima continental margin promotes shallow seismogenesis and explains the large tsunamigenic potential of the area.
Enhanced electrochemical determination of quercetin in a choline chloride-based ionic liquid
Authors: Guo Meiling , Wang Zhangxu , Wang Zixin , Zhang Lin
Published: February 2023

Au nanoparticles and graphene were used as modified electrodes. A DES was used as an enhancer for quercetin detection. Strong H-bond interactions were formed between the DES and quercetin. Determination in Huang-Qi-Jing oral liquid was achieved.
A monoadduct generating Ru(ii) complex induces ribosome biogenesis stress and is a molecular mimic of phenanthriplatin
Authors: Mitchell Richard J. , Kriger Sarah M. , Fenton Alexander D. , Havrylyuk Dmytro , Pandeya Ankit , Sun Yang , Smith Tami , DeRouchey Jason E. , Unrine Jason M. , Oza Viral , Blackburn Jessica S. , Wei Yinan , Heidary David K. , Glazer Edith C.
Published: February 2023

Phenanthriplatin forms DNA mono-adducts and induces ribosome biogenesis stress. Using a semi-rational strategy, Ru(ii) complexes were created that act as biological mimics of phenanthriplatin with improved properties.
Recent advances in the construction of tetracoordinate boron compounds
Authors: Li Xue , Zhang Guan , Song Qiuling
Published: February 2023

Tetracoordinate boron compounds are a highly important class of molecules, which are the key intermediates in many organoboron-related chemical transformations and have unique luminescence properties.
The stacking fault annihilation in a-plane AlN during high-temperature annealing
Authors: Sun Xiaojuan , Sui Jiaen , Ben Jianwei , Zang Hang , Jiang Ke , Zhang Shanli , Lv Shunpeng , Shi Zhiming , Wu Tong , Li Dabing
Published: February 2023

The basal stacking fault (BSF) annihilation mechanism in a-plane AlN during HTA is studied both experimentally and theoretically.
Recent advances in carbon-based nanomaterials for multivalent-ion hybrid capacitors: a review
Authors: Gao Xuan , Wu Haoyu , Su Chang , Lu Chuanming , Dai Yuhang , Zhao Siyu , Hu Xueying , Zhao Fangjia , Zhang Wei , Parkin Ivan P. , Carmalt Claire J. , He Guanjie
Published: February 2023

The latest progress of carbon-based materials for multivalent-ion hybrid capacitors (MIHCs) is reviewed. The energy storage mechanisms, electrochemical behaviors, material design strategies, and future research prospects are discussed.
Understanding drug nanocarrier and blood–brain barrier interaction based on a microfluidic microphysiological model
Authors: Fan Yuanyuan , Xu Chang , Deng Ning , Gao Ze , Jiang Zhongyao , Li Xiaoxiao , Zhou Yingshun , Pei Haimeng , Li Lu , Tang Bo
Published: February 2023

An in vitro microfluidic microphysiological blood–brain barrier (BBB) model was developed to systematically and comprehensively investigate the interaction between BBB and drug nanocarriers during penetration.
(LaCrO3)m/SrCrO3 superlattices as transparent p-type semiconductors with finite magnetization
Authors: Tyagi Shubham , Rout Paresh C. , Lüders Ulrike , Eckern Ulrich , Schwingenschlögl Udo
Published: February 2023

The electronic and magnetic properties of (LaCrO3)m/SrCrO3 superlattices are investigated using first principles calculations.
Gold nanoparticle shape dependence of colloidal stability domains
Authors: Carone Antonio , Emilsson Samuel , Mariani Pablo , Désert Anthony , Parola Stephane
Published: February 2023

In addition to the role of CTAB surfactant, the strong impact of the AuNPs shape on their colloidal stability and aggregation behavior is demonstrated.
Modified magnetic chitosan materials for heavy metal adsorption: a review
Authors: Wang Ke , Zhang Fanbing , Xu Kexin , Che Yuju , Qi Mingying , Song Cui
Published: February 2023

In this review, the preparation of magnetic chitosan, adsorption performance of modified magnetic chitosan materials on heavy metal ions, and the adsorption mechanism are classified and summarized.
Magnetic properties and rare earth element diffusion behavior of hot-deformed nanocrystalline dual-main-phase Nd–Ce–Fe–B magnets
Authors: Fan Wenbing , Zhou Bang , He Jiayi , Liao Xuefeng , Wu Yaxiang , Yu Hongya , Wei Jiangxiong , Liu Zhongwu
Published: February 2023

To inhibit the magnetic dilution effect of Ce in Nd–Ce–Fe–B magnets, a dual-alloy method is employed to prepare hot-deformed dual-main-phase (DMP) magnets using mixed nanocrystalline Nd–Fe–B and Ce–Fe–B powders.
In situSERS reveals the route regulation mechanism mediated by bimetallic alloy nanocatalysts for the catalytic hydrogenation reaction
Authors: Li Xiaoxiao , An Jinghua , Gao Ze , Xu Chang , Cheng Yaoying , Li Simin , Li Lu , Tang Bo
Published: February 2023

In situSERS provides direct spectral evidence of route regulation mediated by Au100−xCuxNPs. Further XPS and DFT calculations reveals that Cu doping promotes Cu–H formation and electron transfer, avoiding the formation of intermediatep,p′-DMAB.
Activation in the rate of oxygen release of Sr0.8Ca0.2FeO3−δ through removal of secondary surface species with thermal treatment in a CO2-free atmosphere
Authors: Luongo Giancarlo , Bork Alexander H. , Abdala Paula M. , Wu Yi-Hsuan , Kountoupi Evgenia , Donat Felix , Müller Christoph R.
Published: February 2023

We elucidate the underlying cause of a commonly observed increase in the rate of oxygen release of an oxygen carrier with redox cycling (here specifically for the perovskite Sr0.8Ca0.2FeO3−δ) in chemical looping applications.
Tenability and improvement of the structural, electronic, and optical properties of lead-free CsSnCl3perovskite by incorporating reduced graphene oxide (rGO) for optoelectronic applications
Authors: Kumar Ajay , Pandey Nivedita , Punetha Deepak , Saha Rajib , Chakrabarti Subhananda
Published: February 2023

The lead-free metal halide perovskite materials are a potential candidate for optoelectronics and photovoltaic applications due to their promising and outstanding properties.
Water-soluble fluorescent probes for differentiating cancer cells and normal cells by tracking lysosomal viscosity
Authors: Liu Minghui , Weng Jintao , Huang Shumei , Yin Wenjin , Zhang Huatang , Jiang Yin , Yang Liu , Sun Hongyan
Published: February 2023

A fluorescent probe was applied to monitor lysosomal viscosity variations in living cells and differentiate cancer cells and normal cells successfully.
On structural factors determining the nature of the fluorescent properties of OIHMs based on 8-hydroxyquinoline
Authors: Bogdan Marta , Sierański Tomasz , Świątkowski Marcin , Trzęsowska-Kruszyńska Agata
Published: February 2023

The impact of supramolecular factors on the fluorescence of 8-hydroxyquinoline hybrid materials has been explored through structural and computational analysis.
The molecular mechanism of Y473 phosphorylation of UGDH relieves the inhibition effect of UDP-glucose on HuR
Authors: Liu Ye , Li Yan , Li Guohui , Chu Huiying
Published: February 2023

Schematic model of the mechanism of Y473 phosphorylated UGDH relieving the inhibition of UDP-Glc on HuR.
Insights into the ruthenium-catalysed selective reduction of cardanol derivatives via transfer hydrogenation: a density functional theory study
Authors: Ahmad Shahbaz , Crawford Ellis , Bilal Muhammad , de Vries Johannes G. , Bühl Michael
Published: February 2023

The detailed mechanism for ruthenium-catalysed selective reduction of cardanol derivatives by transfer hydrogenation has been fully characterised at the B3PW91-D3/ECP2/PCM//B3PW91/ECP1 level of density functional theory.
Krein support vector machine classification of antimicrobial peptides
Authors: Redshaw Joseph , Ting Darren S. J. , Brown Alex , Hirst Jonathan D. , Gärtner Thomas
Published: February 2023

We use an indefinite kernel method, the Kreĭn support vector machine, to predict antimicrobial activity of peptides.
Correction: Core–shell defective TiO2 nanoparticles by femtosecond laser irradiation with enhanced photocatalytic performance
Authors: Bastug Azer Bersu , Gulsaran Ahmet , Pennings Joel R. , Karimi Reza , Ashrafi Belgabad Aydin , Xu Alexander H. , Zaidan Liena , Kocer Samed , Sanderson Joseph , Bajcsy Michal , Pope Michael A. , Yavuz Mustafa
Published: February 2023

Correction for ‘Core–shell defective TiO2 nanoparticles by femtosecond laser irradiation with enhanced photocatalytic performance’ by Bersu Bastug Azer et al., Mater. Adv., 2023, https://doi.org/10.1039/d3ma00019b.
From vineyards to reshapable materials: α-CF2 activation in 100% resveratrol-based catalyst-free vitrimers
Authors: Cuminet Florian , Lemouzy Sébastien , Dantras Éric , Leclerc Éric , Ladmiral Vincent , Caillol Sylvain
Published: February 2023

Vitrimers are a class of polymers bridging resistant crosslinked thermosets and recyclable linear thermoplastics. The material presented here contains 86% bio-based carbon, is catalyst-free, durable and recyclable, and features a high Tg.
Interactions between fullerene derivatives and biological systems
Authors: Siringan Mark John , Dawar Abhiram , Zhang Jianyuan
Published: February 2023

This review highlights the design of water-soluble fullerene derivatives, their cellular trafficking, and their applications in therapeutics and diagnostics towards various cell pathologies.
Broadband Mueller ellipsometer as an all-in-one tool for spectral and temporal analysis of mutarotation kinetics
Authors: Vala Daniel , Mičica Martin , Cvejn Daniel , Postava Kamil
Published: February 2023

We utilize a commercial broadband Mueller ellipsometer to monitor the kinetics of glucose mutarotation through the dispersion of its optical activity.
Magnetic sodium alginate grafted with waste carbonaceous material for diclofenac sodium removal: optimization of operational parameters and process mechanism
Authors: Al-Qahtani Salhah D. , Ibarhiam Saham , Sallam Sahar , Almotairy Awatif R. Z. , Al-bonayan Ameena M. , Munshi Alaa M. , El-Metwaly Nashwa M.
Published: February 2023

As their manufacturing and consumption have increased, pharmaceutical chemicals have increasingly been found in wastewater.
Using ternary steric hindrance synergy of a defective MoS2 monolayer to manipulate the electrocatalytic mechanism toward nitric oxide reduction: a first-principles and machine learning study
Authors: Yang Lei , Fan Jiake , Zhu Weihua
Published: February 2023

The complex competing electroreduction reaction pathways in the nitric oxide reduction reaction are guided in the expected direction by taking advantage of the innate steric hindrance of defective MoS2.
Linear Mixed-Model Analysis Better Captures Subcomponents of Attention in a Small Sample Size of Persons With Aphasia
Authors: Mohapatra Bijoyaa , Dash Tanya
Published: February 2023

Purpose:

Although there are several reports of attention deficits in aphasia, studies are typically limited to a single component within this complex domain. Furthermore, interpretation of results is affected by small sample size, intraindividual variability, task complexity, or nonparametric statistical models of performance comparison. The purpose of this study is to explore multiple subcomponents of attention in persons with aphasia (PWA) and compare findings and implications from various statistical methods—nonparametric, mixed analysis of variance (ANOVA), and linear mixed-effects model (LMEM)—when applied to a small sample size.

Method:

Eleven PWA and nine age- and education-matched healthy controls (HCs) completed the computer-based Attention Network Test (ANT). ANT examines the effects of four types of warning cues (no, double, central, spatial) and two flanker conditions (congruent, incongruent) to provide an efficient way to assess the three subcomponents of attention (alerting, orienting, and executive control). Individual response time and accuracy data from each participant are considered for data analysis.

Results:

Nonparametric analyses showed no significant differences between the groups on the three subcomponents of attention. Both mixed ANOVA and LMEM showed statistical significance on alerting effect in HCs, orienting effect in PWA, and executive control effect in both PWA and HCs. However, LMEM analyses additionally highlighted significant differences between the groups (PWA vs. HCs) for executive control effect, which were not evident on either ANOVA or nonparametric tests.

Conclusions:

By considering the random effect of participant ID, LMEM was able to show deficits in alerting and executive control ability in PWA when compared to HCs. LMEM accounts for the intraindividual variability based on individual response time performances instead of relying on measures of central tendencies.
A Pilot Randomized Control Trial of Motor-Based Treatments for Childhood Apraxia of Speech: Rapid Syllable Transition Treatment and Ultrasound Biofeedback
Authors: McCabe Patricia , Preston Jonathan L. , Evans Pippa , Heard Rob
Published: February 2023

Purpose:

Both Rapid Syllable Transition Treatment (ReST) and ultrasound biofeedback are effective approaches to treating childhood apraxia of speech (CAS). The purpose of the study was to compare outcomes from these two motor-based treatment approaches for school-age children with CAS.

Method:

In a single site, single blind randomized control trial, 14 children with CAS ages 6–13 years were randomly assigned to 12 sessions over 6 weeks of either of ultrasound biofeedback treatment (with a speech motor chaining practice structure) or ReST. Treatment was delivered at The University of Sydney by students trained and supervised by certified speech-language pathologists. Transcriptions from blinded assessors were used to compare the two groups on speech sound accuracy (percent phonemes correct) and prosodic severity (lexical stress errors and syllable segregation) in untreated words and sentences at three time points: pretreatment, immediately posttreatment, and 1-month posttreatment (i.e., retention).

Results:

Both groups showed significant improvement on treated items indicating a treatment effect. At no time was there a difference between groups. Both groups showed a significant improvement in speech sound accuracy on untreated words and sentences from pre to post and neither group showed an improvement in prosody pre–post. Changes to speech sound accuracy were retained by both groups at 1-month follow-up. Significant improvement in prosodic accuracy was reported at the 1-month follow-up.

Conclusions:

ReST and ultrasound biofeedback were equally effective. Either ReST or ultrasound biofeedback may be viable treatment options for school-age children with CAS.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.22114661
Reliability, availability, and condition monitoring of inverters of grid‐connected solar photovoltaic systems
Authors: Sarita Kumari , Saket R.K. , Khan Baseem
Published: February 2023

Reliability, Availability and Condition Monitoring (RACM) evaluation has become a critical area of interest for researchers as the output power quality of a Photo‐Voltaic (PV) system depend on the reliability of its components. In this paper, the RACM of grid‐connected PV systems is presented. For this, the Reliability Block Diagram (RBD) technique along with the exponential probability distribution function is used. The main objective of this work is to identify the weakest subsystem of a system in order to enhance system reliability. The condition monitoring system will be helpful in avoiding the sudden breakdown and unexpected maintenance of the system. An elaborate analysis is presented for PV system beginning from the sub‐assemblies to the subsystems and then to the overall system. In addition, the subsystems are ranked based on their impact on the overall availability of the system. This is decided based on the availability importance measures. It is observed that the inverter forms the weakest subsystem in the solar system. The novelty of the proposed RACM method is that one can monitor the health status or useful life of the system regularly which is not yet explored in the literature. Most of the papers have considered that the components of PV systems are non‐repairable but in this paper, the redundancy concept is explored which helps in increasing the reliability and availability of the system. When the proposed method and the results obtained are compared to existing methods, it is discovered that the proposed work outperforms them.
Comparing the host galaxy ages of X-ray selected AGN in COSMOS
Authors: Georgantopoulos I. , Pouliasis E. , Mountrichas G. , Van der Wel A. , Marchesi S. , Lanzuisi G.
Published: February 2023

We explore the properties of the host galaxies of X-ray selected AGN in the COSMOS field using the Chandra Legacy sample and the LEGA-C survey VLT optical spectra. Our main goal is to compare the relative ages of the host galaxies of the obscured and unobscured AGN by means of the calcium break Dn(4000) and the Hδ Balmer line. The host galaxy ages are examined in conjunction with other properties such as the galaxy stellar mass, and star-formation rate as well as the AGN Eddington ratio. Our sample consists of 50 unobscured or mildly obscured (NH < 1023 cm−2) and 23 heavily obscured AGN (NH > 1023 cm−2) in the redshift range z = 0.6 − 1. We take specific caution to create control samples in order to match the exact luminosity and redshift distributions for the obscured and unobscured AGN. The majority of unobscured AGN appear to live in young galaxies in contrast to the obscured AGN which appear to live in galaxies located between the young and old galaxy populations. This finding may be in contrast to those evolutionary AGN unification models which postulate that the AGN begin their life in a heavy obscuration phase. The host galaxies of the obscured AGN have significantly lower levels of specific star-formation. At the same time the obscured AGN have lower Eddington ratios indicating a link between the star-formation and the black hole accretion. We find that the distribution of the stellar masses of the host galaxies of obscured AGN is skewed towards higher stellar masses in agreement with previous findings. Our results on the relative age of obscured AGN are valid when we match our obscured and unobscured AGN samples according to the stellar mass of their host galaxies. All the above results become less conspicuous when a lower column density (log NH(cm−2) = 21.5 or 22) is used to separate the obscured and unobscured AGN populations.
Biocontrol of grapevine diseases
Authors: Vidal Lluís Giralt , Armengol Elisabet Perna , Bella Claustre Grau , Galimany Jordi Carbonell , Gustems Carme Domingo , Sebastian Enric Bartra , Vidal Xoan Elorduy
Published: February 2023

In 2018, work began on the project: Alternative protection of interregional plant production in the Pyrenees (PALVIP). A project whose main objective was the study of compounds of biological origin for the control of pests and diseases in vineyards and fruit trees. Participants in the project: Chambre d'agriculture Pyrénées orientales, INCAVI, University of Girona, Autonomous University of Barcelona, University of Perpinyà, and the companies Akinao and Futureco Bioscience. INCAVI focused on efficacy studies in the control of powdery mildew and downy mildew in field applications. Work has been done with microorganisms (bacteria) and plant extracts that have a biocidal or competitive action on the parasitic fungus and/or the ability to stimulate natural defenses. Interesting results have been obtained in the complementary use of the materials studied with those of reference: they allow to reduce the copper doses in the control of downy mildew or obtain good efficacy in the control of powdery mildew. PALVIP represents a further step in the progress towards organic growing vines with respect for the environment, improvement of working conditions and improvement of wines, basic objectives of current viticulture.
Impact of climate change on grape cluster structure, grape constituents, and processability
Authors: Feifel Sandra , Hensen Jan-Peter , Weilack Ingrid , Weber Fabian , Wegmann-Herr Pascal , Durner Dominik
Published: February 2023

Over the last 20 years in the Pfalz region of Germany, GDD were highest in the vintages 2018-2020. To visualize the effect of climate change for the Pfalz region of Germany, the development of TSS and TAwere documented during Pinot noir grape ripening for the vintages 1998-2021. It was observed that climate change causes sooner and accelerated ripening, however, sooner or accelerated ripening were not connected with each other. The presented study investigated the impact of vintages on berry physiology development, ripening heterogeneity in grape clusters, changes in grape constituent concentrations and their extractability with progressing grape maturity. Pinot noir and Cabernet Sauvignon, both cultivated in the Pfalz region, were compared during three consecutive vintages. Different maturities were considered in the range of 17-25 Brix and berry size distribution was documented. The changes in grape constituent concentrations and their extractability with progressing grape maturity were analyzed using HPLC-DAD/FD, LC-QToF-MS and protein precipitation assay. It was revealed that tannin extractability differs for grape varieties and vintages and progressing maturity seemed to have only a small influence on the extractability of anthocyanins.
Effects of the application of forchlorfenuron (CPPU) on the composition of verdejo grapes
Authors: Azuara Marie , González María-Rosa , Mangas Rafael , Martín Pedro
Published: February 2023

The application of cytokinins such as forchlorfenuron (CPPU) has been widely used in table grape varieties to increase yield and berry size. However, the potential interest of these phytoregulators in wine grapes have been scarcely analyzed. The objective of this study has been to evaluate the influence of CPPU treatment on the agronomic performance and composition of Verdejo grapes. The trial was conducted in 2021, in the Protected Designation of Origin “Rueda” (Spain). CPPU was applied using a concentration of 15 mg/L, by spraying the bunches when the berries were 5-6 mm in diameter. The photosynthesis rates and the stem water potential, measured after the application, tended to decrease in the treated plants without modify the values ​​of vine yield and vigour. The treatment significantly affected the content of soluble solids and total polyphenols of the grape must, detecting increases of 15.4% and 7%, respectively, compared to the controls. Preliminary results suggest that the application of CPPU on the bunches could improve the quality of the Verdejo grapes. The treatment would be interesting to apply in cultivation conditions where the harvest has difficulties to reach an adequate level of maturity, such as excessive vigour or too cold climate.