bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
GENERAL INTRODUCTION TO REGIONAL VALUE CHAIN RECONSTRUCTION UNDER THE FRAMEWORK OF CHINA’S BELT AND ROAD INITIATIVE
Authors: ZHANG Qian
Published: September 2022

As a consequence of the continued growth of the global division of labour, the division of labour that occurs inside the global value chain has evolved into the practise that is generally accepted in a number of multinational industries. However, due to the sluggish state of the global economy and the rise of trade protectionism in the last several years, international cooperation among states in global value chains has been hampered. Reviving the division of labour throughout the global value chain is an urgent problem that has to be addressed in today's interconnected global economy. If China's policies concentrate on researching the reconstruction of regional value chains within the context of the Belt and Road cooperation framework, China may be able to make a contribution to the economic revival of both the regional and global economies.
Legal regulation of the genesis of digital identity
Authors: Stepanov O. A. , Stepanov M. M.
Published: September 2022

The article deals with a new phenomenon for the legal science – the institute of legal regulation of the genesis of digital identity.

The subject of the research is the relations that emerge in the process of such regulation. The aim of the research is to analyze the legal regulation of the institute of digital identity at the international, regional and national levels, including in the Russian Federation.

The methodological basis of the research is the logical and systematic methods of scientific knowledge, as well as methods of analysis and synthesis, formal-dogmatic and comparative-legal methods.

International, foreign and domestic experience in the genesis of digital identity is studied. The features of legal regulation of each of the elements of digital identity – digital profile, digital image, digital footprint – are analyzed. At the same time, the legal regulation of the relevant relations is considered in their dynamics. As a result of the study, conclusions were made about the peculiarities of international legal regulation of relations related to the genesis of a legal identity, the legal regulation of these relations in the European Union and China. It is noted that international legal regulation of relations related to the genesis of legal personality is carried out, as a rule, only in connection with the need to protect human rights and freedoms in the digital age, including in virtual space; in the European Union the legal regulation is mainly subject to the digital profile of the person, based on his personal data; at the level of individual states the most holistic and systemic regulation of relations related to digital identity is carried out in the People's Republic of China on the Special attention is given to the problems of legal regulation of the genesis of digital identity in the Russian Federation. It is noted that the problems of legal regulation of the genesis of digital identity are becoming particularly relevant at the present time. Its theoretical comprehension is a prerequisite for improving current legislation and law enforcement practice in the Russian Federation.

It is pointed out that there are significant gaps in the legal regulation of relations related to the digital footprint in Russia, the most regulated relations in the area of digital profile and digital image; further lack of legal regulation of the collection and processing of information that constitutes the content of the digital identity footprint in Russia will lead to a massive violation of individual rights and freedoms.

The study also found that the international legal regulation of relations related to the genesis of the legal personality is usually carried out only in connection with the need to protect human rights and freedoms in the digital age, including in virtual space, and in the European Union the legal regulation is mainly subject to the digital profile of the person, which is based on his personal data.
Rules for setting off periods of application of measures of procedural coercion in the term of criminal punishment: problems of legislative regulation and law enforcement
Authors: Ksendzov Yu. Yu.
Published: September 2022

The research subject is represented by the correlation between provisions for criminal and criminal procedure law in Russian Federation which turns out to be the basis in resolution of the inclusion of certain terms of criminal procedure measures administration into the criminal punishment duration which is enforced toward a defendant during criminal proceedings.

The research objective is expected to be a confirmation or a contestation for hypothesis about the existing diversity of calculation methods for criminal punishment duration. Research methodology encompasses both dialectical and formal cognition methods. It is based on a complex and comprehensive analysis and interpretation of statutory acts, legal reasonings of the Constitutional Court and the Supreme Court of Russian Federation as well as on judicial rulings regarding criminal cases and on doctrinal approaches to the current research subject.

Main determinations and application field. The research rationale is represented by the following conclusions. Criminal law does not contain the regulation of the inclusion of certain terms of criminal procedure measures administration into the criminal punishment duration which is enforced toward a defendant during criminal proceedings, namely – the restrictions enforced upon the suspect (defendant) with regards to sub-para. 1 para. 6 of the article 105.1 of the Criminal Procedure Code of Russian Federation. Hence, such issue constitutes an evident legal gap in the existing calculation methods for criminal punishment duration. Given the comprehensive analysis conducted with respect to pre-trial restrictions such as house imprisonment and restraining order, as well as examination of final judicial rulings which concern the inclusion of certain terms of criminal procedure measures administration into the criminal punishment duration which is enforced toward a defendant during criminal proceedings, it can be concluded that the existing case law appears to be generally established. At the same time the judiciary apply rather diversified calculation methods for criminal punishment duration, while due to the absence of distinct and precise legislation judicial provisions being therefore bearable and discordant lead to their controversial interpretation. Moreover, in the author’s opinion, the existing practice for the inclusion of certain terms of pre-trial restrictions administration into the criminal punishment duration does not correlate with such principles of law as principles of justice and equality of citizens in the face of law. Pursuant to the conducted legal research it is suggested to introduce adequate changes and amendments to the effectual criminal law and criminal procedure law accordingly.
Political conflicts and modern methods of their resolution in the legal field: potential and limitations
Authors: Vetrenko I. A. , Kovalev A. A.
Published: September 2022

The article is devoted to the consideration of modern methods used in the process of resolving political conflicts. The subject of the study is conflict as a political and legal phenomenon. The purpose of the article is to consider legal methods of resolving political conflicts as the most effective and civilized ways to achieve peace.

The following scientific methods were used in the work: system, structural and network analysis, which allowed us to consider the totality of the main modern methods of resolving political conflicts, their potential and limitations. Psychological, philosophical, political and legal approaches were also applied in determining the category of "conflict" and its main characteristics.

The study reveals the features of modern political conflicts, taking into account which the need to consciously approach the search and practical application of certain methods of their resolution is formed. It is emphasized that a special responsibility lies on the nuclear Powers, as well as on the leading world states and international organizations that create and maintain stability and unity of the global space of the modern world.

As the results of this study, the most optimal, effective and rational methods of resolving political conflicts were noted as the most destructive and destructive types of confrontations. Their potential and limitations are highlighted. These methods are in demand in the plane of real conflict-prone realities and do not lose relevance in the modern world. Thus, such methods of resolving political conflicts as the game method, coercive diplomacy, civilizational approach, socio-cultural integration, structural functionalism and the network method were identified and analyzed. Also, legal methods were considered separately, which, according to the results of the study, were recognized as the most fair and consistent for a number of reasons. Among them, negotiations, mediation, arbitration (arbitration), the method of institutionalization of political conflict, political mediation and judicial proceedings are considered. The appeal to legal methods of resolving political conflicts becomes particularly relevant during the wartime period, when the threat of the use of nuclear weapons increases and war crimes are committed.

According to the results of the study, it was concluded that legal methods of resolving political conflicts are the most effective and civilized among others. They are structured, clearly formulated in the form of regulatory legal acts, some of them can be implemented in the form of procedures with mandatory execution of the decision, are politically neutral, are carried out with the support of professionals and based on previous constructive experience.
AWARENESS AND PERCEPTION ABOUT STAMMERING AMONG SCHOOL TEACHERS IN PUNJAB, PAKISTAN
Authors:   Rangers Institute of Special Education, Lahore Pakistan, Iftikhar Umera , Ishrat Ghazala ,   University of Management and Technology Lahore Pakistan, Bukhari Snober ,   The Islamia University Bahawalpur Pakistan
Published: September 2022

The purpose of this study is to determine awareness and perception about stammering among school teachers in Lahore city. This is observational descriptive study was conducted at FMH college. Data was collected through self-designed questionnaire from 120 school teachers. School teachers from public and private sector were conveniently selected for this study. Result indicated the perception and knowledge of teachers regarding stuttering. The data showed that 102 (63.7 %) were male stutterer and 58 (36.3 %) were female stutterer. 92.2% of teachers said that they help them to speak slowly and 84.4% of them responded that they give them support and encourage them while speaking. 120 (75%) teachers believe that stutterer should be helped by speech and language pathologist. The purpose of this investigation was to determine awareness and perception of stuttering among school teachers in Lahore city. Teachers help students who stutter accept themselves as a valuable member of the class and give confidence and success in speaking situation. The findings concluded that the Teacher perception of stuttering is positive and they motivate and help them. Most of the respondents believe that rate of stuttering can be decrease by speech therapy and speech can be improve by speech and language pathologist Keywords: Stammering, Speech and Language Pathologists, Teachers, FMH
THE ROLE OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE IN THE PRESENCE OF BURNOUT: ANALYZING EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE
Authors:   Department of Leadership and Management Studies, National Defence University Islamabad,  Pakistan, Rehman Muhammad Zia-ur- , Fatima Nabia ,   National Defence University Islamabad Pakistan
Published: September 2022

The purpose of the study is to analyze the impact of burnout on employee performance and the role of emotional intelligence. The burnout may affect the performance of the employee and create an unhealthy circle, and finally that may collapse. Previous findings suggest that job losses can have a detrimental effect on employees, which in turn can lead burnout and job loss. We collected data from health care industry and interesting findings were found after employing various tests to fit the data. Demographic analysis was carried out and then regression and correlation analysis as well. Statistical tool SPSS – 2.0 was employed and the results were generated. The study shows that emotional intelligence can have a positive effect on employee performance while high levels of burnout may have a negative impact on employee performance. Keywords: Satisfaction, Investigation, Acquisition, Contemporary, Expansion.
PUBLIC POLICY IN PAKISTAN A ROADBLOCK TO THE EXECUTION OF FOREIGN ARBITRAL AWARD
Authors:   School of Law, Bahria University Islamabad Pakistan, Sharif Ammara , Ali Shan ,   School of Law, Bahria University Islamabad Pakistan, . Sumaira ,   School of Law, Bahria University Islamabad Pakistan
Published: September 2022

The International Public Policy of Pakistan is profoundly entangled between contractual laws, domestic arbitration, and loose & broad definition by Courts; hence hampering the execution of foreign arbitral award. The article seeks to better comprehend and investigate the doctrine of public policy as a basis for refusing enforcement of foreign arbitral awards. What complicates matters is the absence of a universally accepted definition of public policy or practise in its implementation, which differs from state to state. The vagueness, subjectivity, and unpredictability connected with the notion of public policy have hindered the efficacy of international commercial arbitration on many occasions. Pakistan, which is in dire need of international investment and access to international markets for its products, needs to come out with strong and predictable public policy mechanism. Case study is particularly done to understand the complex influence of domestic and international public policy. New phenomenon arising in the name of Transnational Public Policy is also explored. This study further argues that Pakistani courts need to redefine the categories of public policy keeping in consideration the growing demands of international trade and commerce. Keywords: Arbitral Award, Foreign Award, Public Policy, Arbitration, Domestic Public Policy.
ROLE OF MEDIA AND ITS IMPACT OF CONTENTS ON AUDIENCE: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF MAINSTREAM PRIVATE CHANNELS
Authors:   School of Mass Communication, Minhaj University, Lahore Pakistan, Saeed Robina , Khalid Aemen ,   Department of Mass Communication, Lahore Garrison University Pakistan, Nazeer Javeria ,   Department of Mass Communication, Lahore Garrison University Pakistan
Published: September 2022

This paper explores the role of media and its impact of content on viewers. The purpose of this research is that researchers must first understand how society affects individuals. Everyone learns social behaviour through observing others. Before TV, children learned socialization through family and peers. Cultivation theory studies TV's long-term impacts. The more time people spend 'living' in the TV world, the more likely they would believe it's a social reality. The survey method was considered to be an appropriate method for collecting information and data analysis. The population is the male and female viewers of the private news channels. A stratified sampling method for the specification of the demographic characteristics was adopted, and the population was divided based on age and gender; for data collection, the target of one hundred and sixty viewers were selected. This research revealed that the viewers/respondents' credibility assessments could be predicted by their unique media consumption patterns and media platform preferences. One of the most significant takeaways from this research was the importance of familiarity with a media outlet's format and content in shaping viewers' perceptions of that media outlet's credibility. Keywords: Social Behaviour, Cultivation Theory, Television, Family, Media.
Analysis of the ductility of reinforcement structural steel rods from some local mini mills in Nigeria using theoretical and statistical approach
Authors: Joy N Ogbodo  , Philip Tahav Aondona  , Aniekan Offiong  , Aondona P. Ihom
Published: September 2022

Analysis of the ductility of reinforcement structural steel rods from some local mini mills in Nigeria using theoretical and statistical approach has been carried out. Ductility is one parameter required of reinforcement structural steels; it prevents sudden failure of reinforced concrete structures. In this work samples were collected from four different mini mills and subjected to tensile test. The initial gauge value of the test specimens was noted. The failed test specimens were then joined together individually to measure the final length at failure and to calculate the % elongation at failure. Stress –strain plots were made to determine the pattern of deformation and failure. The results show that all the specimens have stress-strain curves typical of ductile materials. The % elongation at failure of specimen 3 was the highest at 15.37, the other specimens too all had reasonable % elongation; meaning they are ductile materials. The statistical approach used in the analysis of the work produced results that completely agreed with the theoretical analysis of the work. The statistical analysis used included the use of expected values calculation to select the best ductile specimen, the use of bar chart to show the specimen with the highest % elongation and the one with the lowest value of % elongation, the use of to test if all the specimens have the same % elongation or ductility, and the use of spearman rank correlation coefficient to test if the % elongation is associated with the maximum loading of the specimens. In conclusion the work has highlighted the need for structural reinforcement steel bars to have reasonable ductility in order to avoid sudden failures associated with brittle materials, when used in buildings and other concrete structures.
Autonomy Practiced by English Primary School Teachers to Develop Teaching Professionalism
Authors: Felayabi Hasbie , Purnawarman Pupung , Sukyadi Didi
Published: September 2022

Teachers’ autonomy allows teachers to be in charge of their teaching, from preparing syllabuses, teaching materials, and evaluation. For elementary school teachers, this autonomy is essential since this level of education is fundamental to the lifelong learning process. Teachers’ autonomy can also be a form of professional action that leads to professional development. Hence, this study aims at identifying teachers’ perceptions about teachers’ autonomy, finding out what they have implemented in promoting teachers’ autonomy, and acknowledging their awareness of the importance of teachers’ autonomy. This study employed qualitative research and case studies as its framework. Online questionnaires were distributed to elementary school teachers of public and private schools, and interviews were conducted to follow up on the answers obtained from the questionnaires. The results suggest that teachers’ autonomy was driven by the teachers’ needs for personal and professional development. It was also revealed that the participants had practiced the five dimensions of autonomy-supportive practices, namely organizational and procedural autonomy, rationale and relevance, responsiveness, feedback, and cognitive autonomy support. Additionally, they also believe that the practice of teachers’ autonomy will be optimal with the support of the managerial system, be it the school, the stakeholders, or the government.
Rezension von: Stadtarchiv Würzburg (Hrsg.), Revolution!
Authors: Kleinehagenbrock Frank , Stadtarchiv Würzburg
Published: September 2022

Revolution! Der Übergang von der Monarchie zur Republik im Raum Würzburg 1918/19. Eine Annäherung. Begleitband zur Ausstellung und Vortragsreihe im Jubiläumsjahr, hg. vom Stadtarchiv Würzburg (Sonderveröffentlichungen des Stadtarchivs Würzburg, Bd. 12). Würzburg: Spurbuchverlag 2019. 156 S. ISBN 978-3-88778-559-8. € 12,–
Rezension von: Behr, Hartwig, Zur Geschichte des Nationalsozialismus im Altkreis Mergentheim 1918–1949
Authors: Kleinehagenbrock Frank , Behr Hartwig
Published: September 2022

Hartwig Behr, Zur Geschichte des Nationalsozialismus im Altkreis Mergentheim 1918 – 1949. Mit einem Geleitwort von Prof. Dr. Thomas Schnabel. Niederstetten: Günther Emig 2020. 335 S. mit 54 Abb. ISBN 978-3-948371-64-7. € 18,–
Rezension von: Zeitschrift für Hohenzollerische Geschichte, Bd. 55/56 (2019/2020)
Authors: Regenbogen Clemens
Published: September 2022

Zeitschrift für Hohenzollerische Geschichte, Bd. 55/56 (2019/2020), hg. vom Hohenzollerischen Geschichtsverein e. V. Sigmaringen. Stuttgart: Wais & Partner 2020. 376 S. mit zahlr. farb. Abb. ISBN 978-3-17-038134-6. Geb. € 39,–
Rezension von: Kollmer-von Oheimb-Loup, Gert; Hanitsch, Jutta, Die Bestände des Wirtschaftsarchivs Baden-Württemberg
Authors: Fliegauf Uwe , Kollmer-von Oheimb-Loup Gert , Hanitsch Jutta
Published: September 2022

Gert Kollmer-von Oheimb-Loup / Jutta Hanitsch, Die Bestände des Wirtschaftsarchivs Baden-Württemberg. Unternehmen, Industrie- und Handelskammern, Handwerkskammern, Verbände, Vereine, Nachlässe (Stuttgarter historische Studien zur Landes- und Wirtschaftsgeschichte, Band 30). Ostfildern: Jan Thorbecke 2020. 2. überarb. und erw. Aufl., 866 S., 22 Abb. ISBN 978-3-7995-5581-4. € 85,–
Faktor-Faktor Istri Sebagai Tenaga Kerja Wanita (TKW) Studi Kasus Di Desa Pace Kecamatan Silo Kabupaten Jember
Authors: Ainul Yaqin Muhammad
Published: September 2022

Pernikahan adalah sunnah Rosulullah dan sunnah para Rosul kekasih Allah. Sunnah yang paling membawa kenikmatan dan sekaligus bertabur pahala dan kemuliaan, betapa indah dan bahagia sebuah pernikahan yang di bangun di atas pondasi keimanan, lebih dari itu agama Islam memandang pernikahan merupakan suatu perbuatan yang bernilai ibadah lebih-lebih ketika menunaikan hak dan kewajiban dalam suatu pernikahan. Akan tetapi meskipun hak dan kewajiban bagi suami dan istri telah ditegaskan dalam al-Qur’an dan hadits yang kemudian dikhususkan pembahasannya dalam fikih munakahat ternyata masih banyak sebuah keluarga yang tidak bisa menunaikan kewajibannya terutama masalah nafkah, sehingga banyak seorang ibu rumah tangga yang bekerja keluar daerah serta rela berpisah dengan keluarga hanya untuk membantu perekonomian rumah tangganya.

Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif, dengan tujuan dapat mengetahui secara langsung tentang keadaan, karakteristik dari fakta-fakta (individu, kelompok atau keadaan) yang terjadi di masyarakat, sehingga bisa diperoleh gambaran tentang keadaan yang sebenarnya yang terkait dengan faktor-faktor yang melatar belakangi seorang istri menjadi tenaga kerja wanita serta perspektif hukum Islam memandang hal tersebut.

Berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan bahwa faktor-faktor yang melatar belakangi seorang istri menjadi tenaga kerja wanita adalah dari faktor ekonomi, lingkungan dan pendidikan tetapi yang lebih dominan adalah faktor ekonomi, ini terjadi kepada masyarakat yang tidak mempunyai lahan pertanian sendiri sehingga untuk pemenuhan nafkah setiap harinya tidak mencukupi sehingga membuat sang istri mempunyai keinginan untuk membantu perekonomian keluarga.
Tinjauan Hukum Islam Terhadap Putusan Nomor 1672/Pdt.G/2011/Pa.Jr Tentang Pembagian Harta Waris Terhadap Ahli Waris, Pemberian Hibah Dan Wasiat Wajibah Terhadap Anak Angkat Perspektif Maslahah
Authors: Siddigiyah Robiatus
Published: September 2022

Di antara sekian masalah yang menyangkut hubungan antara   manusia atau dalam perspektif Agama Islam dikenal dengan istilah muamalat duniawiyat adalah masalah waris (mawarits), pemberian hibah dan wasiat wajibah terhadap anak angkat dengan segala persoalan yang berada di sekitarnya yang perlu mendapatkan perhatian yang lebih istimewa agar terhindar dari permusuhan antar saudara sekandung.

Fokus masalah yang diteliti dalam penelitian ini adalah Bagaimana tinjauan hukum Islam terhadap putusan no. 1672/Pdt.G/2011/PA.Jr tentang pembagian harta  waris terhadap ahli waris, pemberian hibah dan wasiat wajibah terhadap anak angkat perspektif maslahah. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui segala hal yang berkaitan dengan pembagian harta waris terhadap ahli waris, pemberian hibah dan wasiat wajibah terhadap anak angkat perspektif maslahah menurut hukum Islam di Pengadilan Agama Jember.

Adapun metode yang digunakan menggunakan jenis penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan pustaka (Library research) dan pendekatan kasus (case approach). Untuk lokasi penelitian dalam penelitian ini adalah Pengadilan Agama Jember. Sedangkan teknik pengumpulan datanya yakni observasi partisipasi pasif (passive participation), wawancara semistruktur (semistructure interview), dan dokumentasi. Analisis data yang digunakan yaitu analisis data kualitatif deskriptif yang dilakukan dengan mencari referensi pada buku-buku di perpustakaan. Bagian terakhir dalam menguji kredibilitas data peneliti memilih keabsahan data teknik Triangulasi sumber.

Adapun hasil penelitian ini Pertama hakim harus mengetahui fakta hukum (duduk perkara) serta alasan hukum hakim (Ratio Decidendi). Oleh karena itu, putusannya dimaksimalkan benar menurut keyakinan mereka (majelis hakim). Pembagian Harta Waris terhadap Ahli Waris, Hibah dan Wasiat Wajibah terhadap Anak Angkat itu karena semata-mata mendatangkan maslahah. Kedua, Pemberian Wasiat Wajibah Bagi Anak Angkat Dalam Kompilasi Hukum Islam yaitu bahwa Pembagian harta warisan bagi anak angkat menurut Kompilasi Hukum Islam adalah dengan jalan melalui hibah atau dengan jalan wasiat wajibah dengan syarat tidak boleh melebihi 1/3 (sepertiga) dari harta warisan orang tua angkatnya, hal ini untuk melindungi ahli waris yang berhak atas harta peninggalan.
Importance of vegetables plant species mentioned in the Holy Quran and, Ahadith`s books
Authors: Jabeen Dr. Munifa , Hasnain Mubashar
Published: September 2022

Vegetables are one of the first-born foods known to man. Vegetables are the natural essential food of human. They contain considerable amounts of crucial nutrients in a rational proportion. Holy Quran is one of the reference books describing the significance of plants used for diverse diseases in many verses. In observation of the significance of this study widespread data was collected from Holy Quran and Ahadith`s books; Current outcomes confined to several  higher plant species are: Allium cepa L, Allium sativum L. Cucumis sativus L. Lagenaria siceraria, Lagenaria siceraria L. and Hordeum vulgare L. consequences were scientifically organized by alphabetical order of botanic names observed by English name, family, parts used, medicinal uses and references mentioned from Holy Quran and Ahadith. There are numerous verses in Quran talking about the vegetables, including; onions, garlic, zinger, barley, kadoo etc. What has been cited in the Quran is what researchers have done over the time, since the Quran is governed by logic. While we do not know the causes for various effects in the Quran, we consider it as the substance.
The Amir's Homily of Rudyard Kipling: A Binary of Colonial Attitude Towards Afghans
Authors: Khan Abdul Waseh , Kakar Dr. Barkat Shah , Samiullah Samiullah
Published: September 2022

This article deals with the analysis of the short story, ‘The Amir’s Homily’ of Rudyard Kipling’. It questions the colonial attitude of the very prominent British poet, short story writer and novelist of 20th century whose depiction of the natives is based on stereotyping. Kipling penned down number of poems, short stories, and novels from the last decade of the 19th century to the third decade of 20th century. The story “Amir’s Homily” mirrors the character of Afghan nations and a subsequent coercion of the iron ruler, Amir Abdul Rahman Khan. Analysis of the contents shows that throughout the story, the author sticks to the binary construct of ‘Self and Other’. His commentary and dialogues in the story show a narrative that determine Afghans the most unruly people under the stars and they deserved to be ruled and subjected to consistent oppression. On one hand, the story conditions Afghans and their Iron Amir (ruler) as dialectical opponents while on the other hand, he discards both parties and compares English Queen and people who are entwined in a human relationship. It reflects how English Queen is praised and honored and presented as a demi-god to be worshiped and idealized. On the other hand, his word choice and vocabulary for Afghan king and natives are completely harsh and dehumanizing. His ideal social and political order is only English order while others are crooked and uncivilized and do not deserve to be respected and valued.
Effect of guided reading strategies on the motivation of the students to increase reading skill of elementary level students in the subjects of English
Authors: Khaliq Saima , Tabassum Professor Dr. Rabia , Shaheen Dr. Ghazala
Published: September 2022

The study investigated the Effect of guided reading strategies on the motivation of the students to increase reading skill of elementary level students in the subjects of English. The major objectives of the study were as follows: (i) to find out effectiveness of motivation before reading.(ii) To find out effectiveness of motivation during reading. (iii) to find out effectiveness of motivation after reading. This study was experimental in nature and the posttest only equivalent groups design was used. The population of the study constituted all the elementary school students studying English in grade three. A group of sixty students of grade three with equal reading difficulties was selected as the sample of the study through purposive sampling from Govt girl’s higher secondary school Attock oil refinery (AOC). The sample students were further divided into experimental and control groups through random sampling technique. Motivation to Read Survey scale” was used for the collection of the data on motivation. Chi Square was applied to measure Motivation to Read Survey Scale. They study concluded that guided reading strategies had positive effect on students motivation to read. It is recommended that curriculum developers be include guided reading strategies while designing for primary school children curriculum. This study is significant for curriculum developer, policy makers, teacher and students.
Effectiveness of Criminal Trial in Pakistan
Authors: Shahzad Dr. Jameel Ahmad , Ahmad Prof. Dr. Matloob , Qasim Muhammad
Published: September 2022

A Fair criminal trial plays a vital role in the upholding and disposal of justice in a country. In Pakistan, effective and fair criminal trials could not be ensured due to multi-dimensional reasons in the country. The main two institutions that can mitigate the suffering of the people by effective criminal investigation and provision of a fair trial to the masses of the country are the Judicial and Police department. The Govt. can manage the proper environment for it. Until all the stakeholders of the criminal justice system of the country did not work coherently the dream of an effective and fair trial in the country can’t be ensured. The research article has been selected as the standard of justice in Pakistan is decreasing day by day. This article is an effort to recommend and suggest some remedial measures based on literature and multiple modern-day approaches of the developed nations.
Superstitious and Amazing Culture of Ancient Hindu Tribes of Cholistan (An Interpretative and Analytical Study)
Authors: Jamil Kashif , Khalid Dr. Samia
Published: September 2022

Before the partition of India (1947.) Cholistan was a part of Rajasthan India. It’s a cradle of great Indus civilization and the Hindu tribes of Cholistan are representative of this great civilization. They are still followers of their ancient traditions. Superstitions are a major part of their ancient rituals. Though some published works are available on Cholistan but not a single work has yet appeared on Hindu tribes of cholistan. Keeping in view the lack of publish material on Hindu tribes of cholistan attempt has been made to highlight the amazing and superstitious culture of Hindu tribes of cholistan. Primarily this article is based upon observations, group discussions and interviews of Hindu tribal representatives however secondary sources have also been used where necessary. The article has been classified into two sections: Superstitious culture and Amazing Culture.
The Influence of organizational ethics on employee work performance by intervening organizational commitment and Job satisfaction
Authors: Siddque Dr. Mehtab , Khan Naseer Ahmed , Khuwaja Bakhtawar , Laghari Nazish
Published: September 2022

This research has been conducted on the respondents of private banking sector of Pakistan, in context of implications of organizational ethics on work performance of bank employees by intervening role of organizational commitment and job satisfaction. The analysis has been done through Smart PLs software by using Algorithm and Bootstrapping analysis techniques of Structural equation Modeling (SEM). Survey operationalized the findings of 143 respondents which were employee of the banks. The findings of the research has explored that there is positive linkages among organizational wok ethics on employee performance directly and indirectly via mediation role of job satisfaction and commitment. Furthermore, research has contributed by accumulation in literature and demonstrating the administrative insinuations
Role of Ethical Values in Human life and its Significance (Current Scenario Under Islamic Perspective)
Authors: Khoso Dr. Aijaz Ali , Akhter Dr. Naseem
Published: September 2022

Ethical principles have an important role in improving social and communal life, as well as ethical values are the foundation of society. A person is not considered a human without good values. The ethical standards of Islam are split into various realms, which begin with a person's personal life. What is every human being's ethical responsibility? Islam has enshrined it in its complete ethical teachings as slander, arrogance, oppression, abuse, cruelty, dishonesty, drunkenness, gambling, adultery, immorality, war, and strife, among other things, have all been labeled unethical. Whereas good manners, on the other hand, have been encouraged. This research work aims to explain ethical values of respect for humanity in the current scenario and as well as from the Islamic perspective. The information was gathered from a variety of sources, including books, newspapers, magazines, articles, websites, and dissertations, among others. We used a variety of libraries for this, including SBBWU, Peshawar library, Archive library Peshawar, and University of Peshawar library. With the passage of time, individuals have begun to disregard ethical values, understanding that their lives and characteristics are significant and valued and that everything else is unimportant. This thought creates unbalance environment in society, which affects not only everyone's life rather every passing movement is producing problems in society such as, cruelty, lies, theft, inequality, violence, injustice, etc. Every object of the world, whether linked or unrelated to a person, has substantial worth in its own place. Allah (SWT) has sent a human being to the earth to accomplish good. It is necessary that we should change our think and we should follow Islamic teachings. Then our lives and the atmosphere of society can be balanced and we can control unethical elements of society.
Lasers in endodontics review
Authors: Pandit Varsha Sanjay , Ingale Vinaya Prabhanjan , Chavan Shivani , Deshpande Yogita D. , Sharma Anupam Sandeep , Jadhav Abhijit Bajirao
Published: September 2022

Lasers have been a significant advancement in the field of endodontics. Be it effective cleaning, root canal treatment, surgery etc. The lateral accessory canals and anatomical complexities have been a restraint in root canal procedure, for such cases lasers have been introduced to simplify the process & have good clinical results. As there has been a boon in the improvement of laser techniques, many latest lasers having a broad array of characteristics is accessible and can also be helpful in several areas related to dentistry. When compared with conventional techniques, laser treatments have been proven to be more advantageous. The purpose of this article is to summarize laser applications in endodontics, including their use in pulp diagnosis, dentinal hypersensitivity, pulp capping and pulpotomy, sterilization of root canals, root canal shaping & obturation & apicectomy. This article reviews the role of lasers in endodontics since the early 1970s & summarizes what future may hold for endodontics. With the potential availability of many new laser wavelengths and modes, much interest is developing in this promising field.
Political feminization in Latin America: analysis of the discourses of Castro, Fernández and Rousseff
Authors: Fernández Andrea Camila , Villalta Ingrid Paola , Rodrigo Corea Luis , Cook Alvarado Luisa
Published: September 2022

Introduction. The development of women in politics allows us to visualize how feminization influences the Latin American socio-political landscape. The study´s aim was to analyze the political discourses of a current president and two former presidents: Xiomara Castro from Honduras, Cristina Fernández from Argentina, and Dilma Rousseff from Brazil. Methods. A qualitative analysis was used by describing and interpreting political discourses and conducting interviews to experts. Results. Various similarities were evident between the discourses of Xiomara Castro, Cristina Fernández, and Dilma Rousseff such as the strategies employed in their discourses and the feminization in them, their most recurrent themes, their position regarding their opposition, among other aspects. Conclusion. Feminization in Latin American politics still has a long way to go because we live in societies with immutable gender roles, where masculinity bases persist.
Índice de satisfacción del paciente en un establecimiento de salud enfocado en servicios oftalmológicos en Tegucigalpa, Honduras
Authors: Flores Bracamonte Alex Fabricio , Fernández Vásquez Jorge Alberto
Published: September 2022

Introducción. El análisis de la gestión del servicio es fundamental para mejorar la calidad del servicio. El objetivo del estudio fue identificar la satisfacción de los pacientes sobre la calidad del servicio en un establecimiento de salud de servicio oftalmológico en Tegucigalpa, Honduras. Métodos. Se realizó una investigación cuantitativa en noviembre de 2017. El instrumento Servqual fue aplicado, siguiendo una base logística estratégica del servicio (la Servucción). La información se complementó con entrevistas al personal operativo y gerencial. Resultados. De 340 pacientes mayores de 18 años, 135 (40%) tenían más de 60 años, 255 (75%) eran mujeres, 282 (83%) acompañados de cuidadores, asistiendo a consulta posterior (82%). Los ingresos económicos revelaron un alto índice de pobreza y baja escolaridad (76%). Sobre la percepción del servicio, casi 300 pacientes (88%) lo evaluaron como totalmente satisfactorio. Sin embargo, en el cálculo del índice de satisfacción del paciente el valor fue -0.51 (PSI = percepciones - expectativas), a expensas de una calificación baja en la capacidad de respuesta. Esto indicó que existe un endeudamiento para satisfacer toda la demanda. En general, las dimensiones evaluadas promediaron 98% (4.9 sobre 5) para expectativas y 88% (4.4) para percepciones. Conclusión. Los pacientes tuvieron una imagen positiva sobre los servicios ofrecidos, lo que le otorga un posicionamiento afirmativo, aunque existe una deuda en la capacidad de respuesta para satisfacer toda la demanda.
Efectos adversos de la vacuna anticovid-19 Oxford/AstraZeneca en personal sanitario del Hospital San Isidro en Tocoa, Colón, Honduras
Authors: Chávez Paredes Génesis Sarahí
Published: September 2022

Introducción. El virus del COVID-19 representa una crisis sanitaria mundial por la rápida propagación de la enfermedad. Este estudio cuantificó los efectos adversos de la vacuna Oxford/AstraZeneca contra COVID-19 en el personal de salud del Hospital San Isidro en Tocoa, Departamento de Colón, Honduras. Métodos. El estudio fue observacional, descriptivo y transversal, incluyendo únicamente al personal sanitario. Se utilizó una encuesta elaborada por la autora, validada por el método del constructo. Resultados. Participaron 200 personas en el estudio entre marzo y octubre de 2021. El 100% de los vacunados presentó efectos adversos, siendo los más frecuentes la fiebre/febrícula, mialgias, dolor en el brazo inyectado, cefalea, trastornos digestivos y artralgias. El 94.5% de los participantes necesitaron analgésico para tratar los síntomas posvacuna. Conclusión. En el presente estudio, los efectos adversos comunes notificados por los participantes fueron frecuentes pero leves, siendo fiebre/febrícula el síntoma con mayor frecuencia, el cual no requirió un cuidado hospitalario.
First James Webb Space Telescope´s images
Authors: Castillo Rosales Yvelice Soraya
Published: September 2022

From left to right and from top to bottom: 1. The Stephan's Quintet (interacting galaxies' group), 40 million and 290 million light-years away; 2. The Cartwheel Galaxy, a merger of galaxies of 144,300 light-years across, 500 million light-years away; 3. The spectrum of the exoplanet WASP-96b (1,150 light-years away), showing evaporated water; 4. James Webb telescope in its clean room; 5. The South Ring Nebula, 2,500 light-years away (12 light-years across); 6. Galactic cluster in the early universe SMACS 07323, 4,600,000,000 light-years away; 7. The star formation region NGC 3324 (Gabriela Mistral) in the Carina Nebula (NGC3372), 7,600 light-years away.
¿Realmente entendemos el concepto de café sostenible?
Authors: Mamani Escobar Brenda , Sandoval Luis
Published: September 2022

En los últimos años, los participantes del sector cafetalero se han concientizado acerca de los aspectos de la sostenibilidad. Una taza de café es capaz de transmitir diversas experiencias a los consumidores. A su vez, viene con una historia detrás que representa a cada productor. Esto lleva a preguntarnos sobre el concepto de un café sostenible y de las percepciones por parte del productor y del consumidor.
La normalización de la violencia como un fenómeno negativo en Honduras
Authors: García Martínez Mario Javier
Published: September 2022

La “normalización de la violencia” solo puede ser interpretado como un fenómeno negativo. Este conlleva a una sociedad a considerarlo como “comportamiento normal”, cuando debería ser repudiado y desagradar de manera total. Los orígenes de las altas tasas de homicidio que manejamos actualmente en Honduras surgen en la década de los años 90. Como país podemos ser mejores de lo que imaginamos, a pesar de las manchas históricas. Nosotros tenemos la potestad de definir el futuro con nuestro deseo y acción por mejorar, por el bien de nuestra familia y sociedad.
Desde un bicentenario de emancipación y exclusión al camino de una ciencia abierta e inclusiva
Authors: Rodas Mayorga Yeshua
Published: September 2022

Estamos próximos a la conclusión del año que conmemora el bicentenario de la independencia de España. El inicio de la vida republicana fue una época tumultuosa, pero necesaria en el marco del contexto histórico centroamericano. Puede parecer que la independencia del Imperio español fue la conclusión de un proceso de ilustración y emancipación, aunque en realidad marcó el inicio de dicho proceso, y por ello merece la pena su reconocimiento como hito. No obstante, debemos tener presente que la independencia del dominio político europeo no implicó el finiquito de su influencia cultural y académica.
effect of sowing dates on the germination and seedling growth of Pinus wallichiana and Cupressus torulosa
Authors: Mughal A. , Mughloo Javeed , Zaffar Naseem
Published: September 2022

A nursery trial of Pinus wallichiana and Cupressus torulosa with nine different sowing dates spread over autumn, winter and spring was conducted during 2002-2003. Germination in case of Pinus wallichiana was better where seeds were sown in the month of February, but in Cupressus torulosa germination during December, February and first fortnight of March was uniform. Survival percentage of seedlings was more in seeds sown in the month of February. Time taken for completion of germination decreased as sowing proceeded from autumn to spring. Seedling development in terms of height and diameter was better in seeds sown on 15th of November (autumn), but seedlings obtained from 1st February sown seeds are also of comparable good quality. The study concluded that in order to get good germination, better survival, good quality seedlings and cost effective nursery seeds should be sown in the nursery in the first fortnight of February (winter), instead of sowing in autumn season as is normally practiced.
Ventrikül Büyüme Paterni Ventriküloperitoneal Şant Cevabını Preop Belirleyebilir Mi?
Authors: Özdemir Ömer , Barlas Orhan
Published: September 2022

Amaç: Normal Basınçlı Hidrosefali (NBH) kafaiçi basınç artışı olmaksızın ventrikül genişlemesi gösteren ve “yürüyüş bozukluğu, demans ve inkontinans” kardinal bulguları ile ortaya çıkan bir sendrom olarak tarif edilmiştir. Bu klasik triad beyin omurilik sıvısı (BOS) tahliye işlemleri ile düzelme gösterir. Ne var ki tanımının üzerinden yarım asır geçmesine rağmen hastalığın semptomları, fizyopatolojisi, tanı ve tedavi kriterleri, insidans ve prevalansında belirsizlik sürmektedir. Bu çalışmada ventrikül genişlemesinin radyolojik ve klinik özellikleri ile Ventriküloperitonel “Shunt” (VPS) ameliyatına iyi yanıt veren ve vermeyen hastaların sonuçlarının değerlendirilmesi amaçlandı. Gereç ve Yöntem: 27 olgudan oluşan bu Normal Basınçlı Hidrosefali (NBH) serisinde ameliyat öncesinde ve 6 ay sonrasında ayrıntılı nörolojik muayene yanında Normal Basınçlı Hidrosefali Derecelendirme Skalası (NBHDS), nöropsikoloji testleri (NPT) ve bilgisayarlı beyin tomografisi (BT), kranyal manyetik rezonans görüntüleme (MRG) yapıldı. Radyolojik olarak mevcut ventrikül genişlemesinin özellikleri ve eşlik eden MRG bulguları değerlendirildi. Bütün olgular ayarlanabilir VPS (Medtronic Strata®) ile tedavi edildiler ve ameliyat sonrasında en az 6 ay takip edildiler. Bulgular: NBHDS göre 27 hastanın 22 si VPS ameliyatına iyi yanıt verdi, 5 i yanıtsızdı. Ameliyat öncesi ventrikülleri uniform genişleyen hastaların ventriküllerin sadece temporooksipital bölümü geniş olan hastalar karşılaştırıldığında VPS yanıtı ile istatistiksel anlamlı ilişki saptanmadı (p=0.768, p=0.623). Sonuç: Bu çalışmada VPS cevaplı ve cevapsız hastalar ile ventriküllerin büyüme formu arasında bir ilişki olmadığı gösterildi.
Активность звезд с планетами в зоне обитаемости
Authors: Саванов И. С.
Published: September 2022

На основе данных о звездах с планетами, находящимися в зоне обитаемости, выполнено изучение проявлений их активности. Для них по данным архива космического телескопа Кеплер были изучены кривые блеска, полученные в ходе наблюдений в сете Q3, и вычислены амплитуды переменности блеска с целью определить наличие и свойства пятен на их поверхности. Кроме того, получены величины периодов вращения объектов, которые носят оценочный характер. Рассмотрены диаграммы зависимости площади пятен А на поверхности звезд с экзопланетами по литературным данным (и в том числе, находящимися в зоне обитаемости), от эффективной температуры и периода вращения. Получены указания на то, что распределения звезд с экзопланетами, находящимися в зоне обитаемости, смещены в область меньших площадей пятен и периодов вращения, по сравнению с данными для всего массива звезд с экзопланетами. Проанализированы данные архива космического телескопа Кеплер для звезды с ярко выраженной вращательной модуляцией KOI-3497 (Kepler-1512, KIC 8424002). Отмечено, что скорее всего ее следует характеризовать как звезду спектрального класса К, а не М. KOI-3497 обладает вспышечной активностью (для нее зарегистрировано 47 вспышек с энергией E в диапазоне от 2·10 31 до 2·10 32эрг).