bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PERIODONTAL DISEASES AND ATHEROSCLEROSIS
(LITERATURE REVIEW)
Authors: Dankevych-Kharchyshyn Iryna S. , Vynogradova Olena M. , Malko Natalia V. , Gnid Roman M. , Skalat Andriana P. , Minko Lidiya Y. , Mrochko Oleg I. , Bandrivsky Yurij L. , Bandrivska Orysia O.
Published: October 2020

Introduction: The relationship between periodontal diseases and atherosclerosis is addressed in this article. Both these diseases have an inflammatory basis. Because periodontal
disease is a risk factor for developing atherosclerotic vascular disease, diagnosis of the former is important. Particular attention must be paid to patients who have periodontal
disease with other risk factors for atherosclerotic vascular disease. Recommendations managing these patients have been made included.
The aim: The paper is aimed at familiarization of broad medical public with the presence of the relationship between diseases of periodontal tissues and atherosclerosis.
Materials and methods: A thorough comprehensive analysis and generalization of scientific achievements elucidated in the fundamental and periodical publications, relating
to diseases of the periodontal tissues and atherosclerosis, has been carried out.
Review: The article consists of many researchers regarding the prevalence and intensity of periodontal tissue diseases in people of all ages. Problems associated with the state
of periodontal tissues in people under study as dentists and general practitioners. Proven role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases of the periodontal tissues in people
with atherosclerosis. In the modern concept of the etiology and pathogenesis of periodontal diseases in people is extremely important role for the immune system and resistance
to periodontal bacterial invasion. Analyzed common changes important for pathogenesis of periodontal tissue diseases and atherosclerosis.
Conclusions: Consequently, recent studies have shown a clear, directly proportional relationship between periodontal tissue diseases and atherosclerosis, but mechanisms for
their development and interaction are not fully disclosed.
CONTROL OF CARDIOVASCULAR RISK FACTORS IN PATIENTS
AFTER MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
Authors: Pęksa Jan W. , Jankowski Piotr , Czarnecka Danuta
Published: October 2020

Despite significant improvements in the diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular diseases that have occurred in recent years, they remain the main cause of morbidity and
mortality in the population. In many European countries, the incidence of coronary heart disease is currently 50% lower than it was in the early 1980s, which is the result of
cardiovascular prevention. A special group of patients are people after myocardial infarction with very high cardiovascular risk. They should definitely implement activities at the
individual level e. g. work on improving the unhealthy lifestyle and pharmacologically control other risk factors. A diet low in saturated fats should be recommended, i.e. mainly
containing whole grains, vegetables, fruits and fish, recommend regular physical exercise: 150 min / week of moderate, aerobic physical activity, reducing the supply of calories
in order to get rid of overweight or obesity. Help in quitting tobacco addiction should take place through the minimal nicotine intervention and, if necessary, pharmacological
therapy. Another thing is the control of other risk factors, i. e. the appropriate treatment of dyslipidemia (the primary target is LDL cholesterol <1.8 mmol/l or reduction by
≥ 50%, if the initial concentration is between 1.8 and 3.5 mmol/l, treatment hypertension (target arterial pressure for most people aged 18–65 is in the range: 120–130/70–79
mmHg, if it is well tolerated, while for older people it is in the range: 130–139/70–79mmHg, if it is well tolerated), optimal diabetes therapy (target glycated hemoglobin
<7%) and appropriate antiplatelet therapy (in most patients double antiplatelet therapy is recommended for 12 months after acute coronary syndrome). These activities lead
to a significant improvement in quality of life and a decrease in mortality due to cardiovascular diseases.
BACTERIA CAUSED BY OCHROBACTRUM ANTHROPI
– UNUSUAL BEHAVIOR
Authors: Grabowska-Markowska Jolanta , Pawłowska Iwona , Ziółkowski Grzegorz , Wójkowska-Mach Jadwiga
Published: October 2020

O. anthropi, formerly known as Achromobacter, is an aerobic, Gram-negative bacillus, widespread in the environment, in various ecological niches. Currently, it is an emerging
opportunistic microorganism associated with health care, as well as infections in people with immunodeficiency, mainly in children and newborns. The authors of the presented
work present a case of a 13-year-old female patient with a neurodegenerative disorder in which O. anthropi was isolated from blood cultures. She was hospitalized in the
Social Society of the Cordis Hospice in Katowice, and after discharge from the hospice she was covered by long-term home care under the supervision of a family doctor. Clinical
picture O. anthropi can be very different, causes serious infections, such as blood infections. Due to difficulties in identification, Ochrobactrum anthropi can be a diagnostic and
therapeutic challenge. The difficulty in differentiating Ochrobactrum spp. Is also related to the lack of a clear clinical picture of infection with bactera O.anthropi. In addition, this
microorganism is difficult to treat due to the natural broad spectrum of antibiotic resistance.
COMPLICATIONS OF IMMUNOSOPRESSION TREATMENT
IN HEAVY THERAPY FOR ATOPIC SKIN - CASE DISCUSSION
Authors: Zajączkowska Joanna , Korzeniowska Jadwiga
Published: October 2020

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a disorder with a diverse and unpredictable clinical course. It can occur in patients of all ages, regardless of gender. The aetiology of the disease and its
pathomechanism have not been clearly explained. In the course of ad, there is a variety of disease symptoms, which causes frequent diagnostic problems. Symptoms are pruritus
and dry skin with accompanying eczema. Treatment is difficult and long-lasting, both local and general. In patients with severe course of the disease, immunosuppressive treatment
is also applied, however, it is burdened with dangerous side effects. In the presented clinical case, the complexity of the clinical picture of the disease and its differentiation were
confirmed. Complications of treatment have been described, including the occurrence of extreme leukopenia after the implementation of azathioprine.
BURNS IN PRACTICE OF HELICOPTER EMERGENCY MEDICAL
SERVICE IN POLAND. RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS
Authors: Rzońca Patryk , Tomaka Piotr , Gałązkowski Robertn
Published: October 2020

Introduction: Burns are a huge problem for public health and a challenge for healthcare systems all around the world. They are responsible for 180.000 deaths worldwide each
year. In order to ensure high quality treatment and rehabilitation of these patients burn centres are established in many countries. Another vital factor influencing the prognosis
of patients with burns is quick transport that in many countries, including Poland is carried out by Helicopter Emergency Medical Service (HEMS).
The aim: To describe the operations carried out by HEMS with particular stress put on the target medical facility.
Materials and methods: The research was conducted with the method of retrospective analysis of operations performed by HEMS crews. All missions from January 2011 to
December 2018 were included in the study and 2534 cases were qualified for the final analysis.
Results: The study group was predominantly male (72.72%) aged 18 years old and less (36.65%). Nearly two thirds of the patients were transported to hospitals with a burn
ward (61.88%). Opioid analgesics as well as crystalloids were the most commonly administered drugs (respectively 68.55% and 64.76%). Statistical analysis showed that HEMS
arrival time (20.77 minutes vs 18.60 minutes) and duration of the transport to designated hospital (40.11 minutes vs 19.66 minutes) were significantly higher in the cases of
deciding to transport the patient to the hospital with the burns department (p<0.001).
Conclusions: Presented results showed that HEMS crews are more often assigned to help ground-based Medical Rescue Teams in case of patients who required treatment in
burn centres. Moreover, the time and distance to the hospital with burn ward was significantly longer compared to other healthcare facilities. This confirms that the assigning
of HEMS crews for the patients with severe burns was reasonable.
REGULATION OF MICRORNA EXPRESSION LEVEL BY CHOLERETIC THERAPY IN FUNCTIONAL DISORDERS OF THE GALLBLADDER AND ОDDI’S SPHINCTER IN CHILDREN
Authors: Abaturov Alexandr E. , Vysochyna Iryna L. , Babych Veronika L. , Dosenko Victor E.
Published: October 2020

The alm: To study the effect of choleretic therapy on the level of microRNA expression in functional disorders of the gallbladder and Oddi’s sphincter in children.
Materials and methods: Fifty patients with functional disorders of the gallbladder and Oddi’s sphincter who received standard therapy in combination with ursodeoxycholic acid, 20 patients – standard therapy without ursodeoxycholic acid, and 20 healthy children were examined. The level of expression of microRNA-378f, microRNA-4311, microRNA-4714-3p in the blood serum by the method of real-time polymerase chain reaction with reverse transcription according to the protocol TaqMan Gene Expression Assays was performed.
Results: It was demonstrated that the activity profile of microRNA-4714-3p was significantly lower in those examined with functional disorders of the gallbladder and Oddi’s sphincter than in practically healthy children (p<0.05). After standard therapy combined with ursodeoxycholic acid in children with functional disorders of the gallbladder and Oddi’s sphincter, the level of expression of microRNA-378f is significantly higher than before therapy (5.23±0.70 SU and 2.02±0.57 SU respectively) (p<0.05). Against the background of standard therapy with the addition of ursodeoxycholic acid or without it, the expression profile of microRNA-4714-3p in the blood serum in children with functional disorders of the gallbladder and Oddi’s sphincter significantly decreased (1.93±0.58 SU and 1,14±0,53 SU respectively) (p<0.05).
Conclusions: Ursodeoxycholic acid in children with functional disorders of the gallbladder and Oddi’s sphincter affects the activity of generation of gene regulators of the cellular mechanisms of microRNA-378f and microRNA-4714-3p.
FETAL ANATOMY OF PARATHYROID GLANDS
Authors: Lopushniak Lesia Ya. , Khmara Тatiana V. , Boichuk Оleh М. , Ryznychuk Mariana A. , Shvyhar Leonid V. , Kryvchanska Mariana I.
Published: October 2020

The aim: To study the forms of anatomical variability of the external structure of the upper and lower parathyroid glands in the fetal period of human ontogenesis.
Materials and methods: The study involved 48 specimens of human fetuses with 81,0-375,0 mm of crown-rump length (CRL). The study was conducted by means of macromicroscopic preparation, morphometry and variation statistics method.
Results: The age and individual anatomical variability, complex way of development and formation of synotopic embryotropographic correlations of the upper and lower parathyroid glands in the prenatal period of human ontogenesis create numerous prerequisites for the emergence of variants of their external structure and topography in the fetuses of both different and the same age groups.
Conclusions: There is a significant anatomical variability of the upper and lower parathyroid glands in 4-10-month-old fetuses, which is manifested by varieties of their shape and topical location. Aplasia of the upper parathyroid glands, which was found in two human fetuses aged 7 months, was due to the fetures of their organogenesis and the formation of syntopy in the embryonic and prefetal periods of their development. Parathyroid glands are mainly supplied with blood by the branches of the inferior thyroid artery. The branches of the upper thyroid artery and the arteries of adjacent organs: larynx, trachea and esophagus are involved in the blood supply. The right and left inferior thyroid veins are tributaries of the corresponding brachiocephalic vein, paired (right and left) superior and middle thyroid veins are those for the internal jugular vein.
STATE OF DENTAL HEALTH OF CHILDREN IN UZHHOROD AND THE WAY OF THEIR NUTRITION
Authors: Pishkovtsi Anna - Mariia М. , Rohach Іvan М. , Keretsman Angelika O. , Palko Alice І. , Tsyhyka Оlha І.
Published: October 2020

The aim: To study and evaluate the condition of the dental health of children of school age and the characteristics of their food.
Materials and methods: Statistics on the dental health of children in Transcarpathian region for the years 2009-2018 were analyzed with the application of statistical, sociological and clinical methods and the data on dental health and way of nutrition of 163 children in Uzhgorod were determined and analyzed.
Results and conclusions: Reduction of 28.9% of coverage of children with preventive dental examinations was determined with the need for mouth cavity sanation of 45.93%. Redevelopment was held for 91.7% of those who needed help.
From 10% to 50% of the examined children in different age groups have caries. Up to 10% of children between 11 and 15 years old have teeth removed. It was determined that nutrition of children with caries diagnosed is not rational.
STUDY OF PATHOGENIC FACTORS OF E.COLI ISOLATED FROM PATIENTS WITH PERITONITIS
Authors: Kosilova Olha Yu. , Vovk Oleksandra O. , Katelevska Nataliia M. , Osolodchenko Tetiana P. , Ponomarenko Svitlana V. , Vdovichenko Viacheslav Yu.
Published: October 2020

The aim: To study the biological properties of museum and clinical strains of E.coli isolated from patients with peritonitis.
Materials and methods: It was used 94 strains (clinical, museum and reference). The ability of E. coli to adhere was investigated by hemadhezive method to formal human erythrocytes of 0 (I) Rh-positive blood group. The study measured the ability of microorganisms to produce gelatinaze, caseinase, fibrinolysin, hemolysin. To control of the enzyme activity the positive and negative control with reference strains were used. Synchronisation of cultures activity before experiments was achieved by one-time effect of low temperature (+4 С) during 30 minutes.
Results: To investigate the pathogenic factors of E. coli we carried out determining of proteolytic, gelatinous, caseinous, fibrinolytic, haemolytic and adhesion properties.
Conclusions: In our investigation pathogen icspecies of Esherihies are virtually indistinguishable from representatives of normal microflora on its morphological, biochemical and cultural properties. During investigation of serological properties of selected of E. coli strains (n = 94) 65.8% of pathogenic serotypes were revealed. Moreover, all marked E. coli isolated from the abdominal cavity of children and adults, as well as museum strains related to enteropathogenic E. coli (O127: K63, O33: K-) and 1 – to enteroinvazive Escherichia coli (O144: K-).
ROLE AND PLACE OF ULTRASONOGRAPHY IN DIAGNOSTICS OF ADHESIVE INTESTINAL OBSTRUCTION
Authors: Borisenko Vadim B. , Kovalev Artem N. , Denysiuk Tatyana А.
Published: October 2020

The aim: To study the possibilities of ultrasound in adhesive ileus obstruction diagnosis and indications for surgical treatment determination.
Materials and methods: The results of diagnosis and treatment of 60 patients with acute adhesive intestinal obstruction with comparative use of X-ray and ultrasound methods were analyzed.
Results: The use of a standard X-ray examination of the abdominal organs upon admission to the hospital allowed the diagnosis of acute adhesions of small bowel obstruction in only 32 (53.3%) patients. Transabdominal ultrasonography allowed the establishment of adhesive ileus during hospitalization in 53 (88.3%) patients and also in 7 (11.7%) during a dynamic examination 2-3 hours after admission. Due to the lack of positive effect from the conducted conservative therapy relying on the data of ultrasound studies, 33 (55%) patients were operated on. During X-ray examination, only 10 (30.3%) of these patients demonstrated negative X-ray dynamics, and with an ultrasound study, deterioration of echo pictures was observed in all 33 (100%) patients.
Conclusions: Compared with the X-ray method, transabdominal ultrasonography is established to be safe, affordable, simpler, non-invasive and highly informative method for the study of acute adhesions of the small intestinal obstruction. The method allows the assessment of the ongoing conservative therapy dynamics and determination for surgical treatment indications.
INFLUENCE OF ANESTHESIA TYPE ON INTRAOCULAR PRESSURE DURING SPINE SURGERY IN PRONE POSITION
Authors: Lyzohub Mykola V. , Georgiyants Marine A. , Lyzohub Kseniia I. , Volkova Juliia V. , Dmytriiev Dmytro V. , Dmytriiev Kostiantyn D.
Published: October 2020

The aim was to examine intraocular pressure (IOP) during lumbar spine surgery in PP under general vs spinal anesthesia and to compare it with volunteers in PP.
Materials and methods: We performed randomized prospective single institutional trial. Patients were operated in PP with fixation of 1-2 spinal segments. Patients of group I (n = 30) were operated under SA, group 2A (n = 25) – under TIVA (total intravenous anesthesia) with 45° head rotation (left eye was located lower, than right eye), group 2B (n=25) – under TIVA with no head rotation (both eyes were located on the same level). IOP was measured with Maklakov method before and after surgery. Volunteers (n = 20) were examined before and 90 minutes after lying in PP with 45° head rotation.
Results: In all patients and volunteers after lying in PP, we found that IOP have increased. In SA patients and in TIVA patients with no head rotation there was no difference between eyes. The most significant raise of IOP was found in the dependent eye of IIA group patients: it was higher than in volunteers and I group patients (p < 0.01), and IIB group patients (p < 0.05). In SA patients there was no difference in IOP comparing to volunteers.
Conclusions: IOP increased in PP in healthy people and patients under anesthesia (SA and TIVA). IOP in SA patients did not differ from volunteers. IOP increased superiorly in the dependent eye in TIVA patients.
SOCIAL AND EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE AS A BASIS FOR COMMUNICATIVE RESOURCE FORMATION IN FAMILY CAREGIVERS OF PATIENTS WITH ENDOGENOUS MENTAL DISORDERS
Authors: Kaminska Anna O. , Pshuk Nataliia G. , Martynova Yuliana Y.
Published: October 2020

The aim of our study was to determine features of social and emotional intelligence in family caregivers of patients with endogenous mental disorders as a basis for communicative resource formation in family where a patient lives.
Materials and methods: A total of 273 family caregivers of patients with paranoid schizophrenia and bipolar disorder were involved into this survey under informed consent conditions. Control group included 55 mentally healthy respondents, in whose families there is no mentally sick family member. Emotional intelligence of family caregivers was measured using the psychodiagnostic test “EQ” by N. Hall. To assess level of social intelligence the J. Gilford and M. Sullivan test (in adaptation done by Mikhailova E.S.) was used. Values of p <0.05 were considered significant.
Results: The study revealed that family caregivers of patients with schizophrenia and affective disorders demonstrate a decrease in emotional and social intelligence indicators, which creates significant obstacles for effective interpersonal family communication and for the harmonious functioning of a family, in which a mentally sick patient lives, in general. Difficulties of emotional regulation, emotional management, recognition of emotional states of other participants of communication related to the level of emotional and social intelligence of FC are factors, that complicate interpersonal relations in families of patients and reduce possibilities for psychosocial adaptation of all family members.
Conclusions: Revealed features should be taken into consideration when creating appropriate psycho-educational and psycho-corrective programs for family caregivers of patients with endogenous mental disorders.
GENITAL MUTILATION AS A CONSEQUENCE OF CRIMINAL OFFENCE AGAINST A PERSON
Authors: Mytrofanov Igor І. , Lysenko Igor V. , Hryn Kateryna V. , Ryabushko Mykola М.
Published: October 2020

The aim: The paper is aimed at creation of a procedure for determining the loss of any body organ or its functions, genital mutilation, as the signs of grievous bodily harm, penalty for which is stipulated by the Article 121 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, as well as establishing the possibilities of legal setting of the concept of “genital mutilation”.
Materials and methods: Over 100 criminal proceedings, involving forensic medical examination, under the Article 121 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine for the period from 2007 to 19.05.2019 have been studied. Common methods of research have been used, namely, the analysis and synthesis, statistical method, as well as own observations of the process of judicial examination of the above criminal proceedings, as well as individual interviews, survey of the victims and their family members in total of 39 people.
Results and conclusions: The findings of the investigation enabled detecting the gaps in the regulation of the procedure to define genital mutilation as a characteristic feature of grievous bodily harm. The ways of further improvement of the procedure of conducting expert studies of genital mutilation as a characteristic feature of bodily harm, which facilitates avoiding of errors in forensic medical and judicial practices have been found. The process of criminalization of the illegal conduct of surgical operations, resulted in mutilation of genitalia, must take place with the mandatory involvement of specialists in the field of practical medicine, as well as medical scientists specializing in sexopathology, gynecology, oncogynecology, forensic medicine in order to avoid errors in the lawmaking.
ECTOPIC PREGNANCY AND ITS LONG-TERM RESULTS
Authors: Boychuk Alla V. , Khlibovska Oksana I. , Yakymchuk Yuliia B.
Published: October 2020

The aim: The purpose of this study was to assess the long-term outcomes of restoration of reproductive function after surgical and medical treatment of ectopic pregnancy, taking into consideration the patency of the fallopian tubes and the incidence of uterine pregnancy.
Materials and methods: A two-stage experimental approach was used to address research objectives. In the first stage, a retrospective analysis of 615 histories of patients with ectopic pregnancy has been performed. In a second stage – we examined 140 patients, which were divided into three groups, depending on the type of treatment. The first group consisted of patients with a disturbed ectopic pregnancy, who were treated with laparotomy and tubectomy. The second group included patients with exacerbated ectopic pregnancy, who were operated by laparoscopic access. Lastly, the third group comprised of women with ectopic pregnancy who were treated with methotrexate. The main source of information used for clinical and anamnestic analysis was “medical card-patient” (f. 003 / o).
Results: The number of patients diagnosed with ectopic pregnancy increased from 2005 to 2015. In 2005 and 2006, the laparotomy operations were 86.88% and 83.33%, but conservative management only 13,16% and 16,67%, respectively. In 2015, the number of patients treated with methotrexate was more than half (51.35%) compared with 2010 and 2005 increased to 16.97% and 38.19% respectively, and laparotomy operations decreased from 86.88% in year 2005 to 18.92% in year 2015.
Conclusions: The data showed that in women who underwent medical treatment with cytostatic, the patency of the fallopian tubes was significantly better than after surgical treatment. In cases of interrupted ectopic pregnancy for which laparotomy with the removal of the motor tube was applied, infertility of tubal peritoneal genesis developed in 60% of cases, which is consistent with the existing literature. Statistical analysis of the structure of ectopic pregnancy showed that in 2005 dominated interrupted ectopic pregnancy, due to late diagnostic and hospitalisation, that led to urgent laparotomy operations rather than conservative treatment.
HEALTH-SAVING COMPETENCIES IN PHYSICAL EDUCATION OF STUDENTS
Authors: Donchenko Viktoriia I. , Zhamardiy Valeriy O. , Shkola Olena M. , Kabatska Olena V. , Fomenko Valerii H.
Published: October 2020

The aim: The article examines the health-saving competencies of fitness technologies usage during physical education classes. Materials and methods: Experimental work was carried out in three stages, each of which was characterized by certain goals and objectives, corresponding forms and methods of research organization. To determine the formation of each of the studied components, we used complex of valid diagnostic techniques. Results: Implementation of the methodological system significantly influenced on general level of motivational, cognitive, activity and reflexive component formation, which significantly improved, compared with the students of control groups who studied under the traditional system. Evaluation of students’ competence in applying fitness technologies showed a high efficiency of the introduced methodological system. Conclusions: The introduced methodical system of fitness technologies application contributed to increase of the level of students’ preparedness by criteria of organizational, communicative, perceptual, speech abilities to fitness technologies, general cultural level, social activity and their involvement in healthy lifestyle. At the same time, the formation of competences in fitness technology usage contributed to the creation of new content of the main components of the methodological system.
SPECIALTIES OF HYSTOMORPHOMETRICAL CHANGES IN PLACENTA OF WOMEN WITH EARLY AND LATE PREECLAMPSIA
Authors: Konkov Dmitro G. , Piskun Alina O. , Taran Oksana A. , Kostur Galyna V.
Published: October 2020

The aim: To find out typical pathomorphological differences in placenta of women with early and late preeclampsia.
Materials and methods: Investigation includes 40 placentas from deliveries in women with preeclampsia (main group) and 40 placentas from physiological delivery in somatically healthy women, who had no complications during pregnancy (control group). Placentas in the main group were devided into two sub-groups (20 in each) – with early and late preeclampsia. Specialties of the blood vessels in normal pregnancy were investigated, and their structural transformation with the developement of preeclampsia, according to the appearence of perinatal pathology. Morphometrical data of the blood stream was investigated with the help of eyepiece and program Image Tools 3,6.
Results: Significant decrease of weight (p<0,05), square and volume of placenta was common to early preeclampsia, comparing to the same characteristics in late Preeclampsia (PE). Specific gravity of villi without vessels, hardened blood vessels, hardened villi and fibrinoid altered vessels was increased statistically significantly (p<0,05) in placenta of women with early PE, comparing to women with late PE. The number of effective blood vessels crossings was determined mostly in late PE, comparing to the early form (p<0,05). Found out significant defferences (p<0,05) in changes of hystovasoarchitecture of placenta in early preeclampsia, according to the number of immature villi and villi with no signs of compensatory angiomatosis.
Conclusions: Increased number of hypoplasia of placenta, breach of effective placental blood stream and significant decrease of compensatory and adaptive changes in placenta are more common to early PE, comparing to late PE.
CYTOKINE AND IMMUNOGLOBULIN SPECTRA OF TISSUE EXTRACTS FROM TONSILS OF CHILDREN WITH HYPERTROPHY AND CHRONIC TONSILLITIS
Authors: Bredun Oleksandr , Tymchenko Marina , Faraon Inna , Melnikov Oleg
Published: October 2020

The aim: To compare the content of α and γ–interferons, interleukins 1β ,4, 10, IgA, IgG, as well as the level of the general forms of immune complexes in tissue extracts from tonsils of children with hypertrophy and chronic tonsillitis.
Materials and methods: We studied tonsils of 25 children aged 5-12 years with hypertrophy of palatine tonsils (HPT) and with chronic tonsillitis (CT). The content of α and γ – interferons, interleukins 1β, 4, 10, IgA, IgG in tonsil extract was determined by immunofluorescence assay. Immune complexes were determined using sedimentary test (3.75% solution of polyethylene glycol).
Results: In tissue extracts from tonsils with CT, there is a predominance of inflammation factors, potential sensitization, and the development of immunopathological reactions. The presence of inflammation is indicated by elevated levels of interleukin-1β, immunoglobulin G. High levels of interleukin-4 may indicate that both HPT and CT have a tendency to increase sensitization to microbial and other antigens.
Conclusion: The results indicate a significant difference in the qualitative and quantitative state of inflammation factors and allergy in case of HPT and CT. In tonsils with CT, there predominate both simple and allergic inflammations, as well as immunopathological reactions.
ANALYSIS OF MEDICAL SERVICES FINANCIAL EFFICIENCY IN THE SECONDARY CARE INSTITUTIONS OF SUMY REGION
Authors: Potseluie Volodymyr I. , Boiko Olena I. , Smiianov Yevhen V. , Kostenko Andriana M.
Published: October 2020

The aim: The aim of the study is to analyze financial indicators and assess the effectiveness of financing secondary medical care enterprises during the transition period in the context of remuneration to doctors.
Materials and methods: To perform the analysis, the financial characteristics of 26 medical facilities have been collected and processed by means of involving the bibliosemantic method, data extract and content analysis.
Conclusions: Presents a comparative analysis of labour payment expenses to doctors of cardiology, obstetric and gynecological and surgical departments of medical facilities.
The predicted labour payment expenses for the number of services provided have been calculated. Besides, the article makes it clear that the allocation of funds according to bed-day loads and the number of medical services rendered is unsustainable and does not correspond to the real load on the actual position.
BIOETHICAL PROBLEMS ARISING IN THE STUDY OF SINGLE-NUCLEOTIDE GENE POLYMORPHISMS OF OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES
Authors: Andrushchenko Tetyana A. , Goncharov Sergiy V. , Dosenko Victor E. , Ishhejkin Konstantin E.
Published: October 2020

In Ukraine, about 3 million people work in hazardous and dangerous conditions. The study of hereditary specificity in development of occupational diseases is being actively conducted through molecular genetic analysis of single-nucleotide gene polymorphisms. While studying single-nucleotide gene polymorphisms of occupational diseases, many complicated bioethical questions arise regarding the confidentiality of personal data, the choice between the profession chosen and the risk to one’s own health. Complicated bioethical issues that arise when studying single-nucleotide gene polymorphisms of occupational diseases need to be actively discussed, not only by physicians, occupational pathologists, employers, scientists, but also by politicians and lawyers, taking into account ethical and social norms and implications.
PULMONARY MANIFESTATIONS OF CROHN’S DISEASE OR CHRONIC PHARMACOTHERAPY COMPLICATIONS? – CASE REPORT
Authors: Rakoczy Igor , Liczek Maciej , Panek Iga , Panek Michał , Małecka-Panas Ewa , Talar-Wojnarowska Renata
Published: October 2020

Pareneteral manifestations of Crohn’s disease (ChLC), apart from the most common skin and joint symptoms include also complications from the respiratory system. In addition chronic pharmacotherapy of ChLC, especially 5-aminosalicylic acid or anti-TNF- α drugs, is associated with possible pulmonologic side effects, sometimes difficult to differentiate. In this study, we describe a patient with ChLC, with a history of pneumocystic pneumonia, who was diagnosed with exfoliative institial pneumonitis as a result of chronic use of mesalazine. This disease is characterized by accumulation of alveolar macrophages in the lumen of the alveoli and intrabepticular septum. The most common etiologic factor is exposure to tobacco smoke. Our patient, non-smoker, was finally diagnosed after lung biopsy and histopathological evaluation. The gradual clinical improvement after mesalazine was an additional factor confirming the etiology of the disease. This side effect of mesalazine is not common but it should be considered in all patient treated with 5-aminosalicylic acid.
MULTIPLE MYELOMA: CHALLENGES OF DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS (CLINICAL CASE)
Authors: Baranova Iryna V. , Postovitenko Kateryna P. , Iliuk Iryna A. , Kolisnyk Sergii P. , Gumeniuk Alla F. , Katiukha Vitalii L. , Dolynna Olena V. , Kurylenko Iryna V.
Published: October 2020

The objective of our study was to interpret and discuss atypical multiple myeloma case. The article describes the case of clinical observation of a patient K, in which manifestations of chronic kidney disease and circulatory failure prevailed in clinical picture of the disease. The authors recommended an X-ray examination of skull and pelvic bones as a screening method suitable for elderly people with symptoms of chronic renal insufficiency and chronic bone and muscle pain resistant to treatment.
Pathomorphological characteristics and immunohistochemical features of placentae from hiv-positive pregnant women with fetal growth retardation
Authors: Savchenko Serhii E. , Dyadyk Olena O. , Chaika Kyrylo V. , Onyshchyk Ludmila M. , Vorobey Ludmila I. , Zhykharskyi Roman V. , Bondaruk Volodymyr P.
Published: October 2020

The aim: To study the pathomorphological characteristics and immunohistochemical features of placentae from human immunodeficiency virus-positive (HIV-positive) pregnant women with FGR. Materials and methods: The study material was 32 placentae, including 12 placentae from HIV-positive pregnant women with FGR (study group), 10 placentae from HIVpositivepregnant women without FGR (comparison group) and 10 placentae from HIV-negative women with physiological pregnancy (control group). An immunohistochemical study was performed using monoclonal antibodies (MCA) against CD31+ and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Results: Pathomorphologic changes of the placentae from HIV-positive pregnant women with FGR were characterized by edema in the umbilical cord tissue, partial dissection of the vascular wall fibers, dysmucoidosis; intracellular edema and hemorrhage in the fetal membrane tissues. In the placentae tissue it was found marked manifestations of degenerative changes in the form of the areas of fibrinoid necrosis, pronounced manifestations of dysmucoidosis, vacuolation of the villi stroma, an increase in the number of avascular villi and immature villi of small caliber with the phenomena of syncytiotrophoblast focal hyperplasia. An immunohistochemical study with MCA against CD31+ revealed the expression (optical density) of the vascular endothelial cells up to 2 points, and the expression level up to 3 points in the isolated areas with the appearance of the expression on the villi surface and in their thickness. During immunohistochemical studies with VEGF the expression level and its optical density increased up to 2-3 points, in some areas the expression of deposits were detected on the villi surface, in their thickness and in the intervillous space. Conclusions: The comparative pathomorphological and immunohistochemical study of the placentae demonstrated more significant changes in the group of HIV-positive pregnant women with FGR. In the placentae of HIV-positive pregnant women with FGR immunohistochemical examinations revealed a high level of CD31+ and VEGF expression.
Type 2 diabetes mellitus – IL-8 and IL-10 profile in patients with intraabdominal postoperative abscesses
Authors: Boyko Valeriy V. , Riga Artem S.
Published: October 2020

The aim: To assess of pro-inflammatory IL-8 and anti-inflammatory IL-10 serum concentration in patients with T2DM with intraabdominal postoperative abscesses in perioperative period.
Materials and methods: The 48 participants, aged 40 – 75 years, among them 24 males and 24 females. All patients were divided into groups: group 1 – 12 patients with T2DM and intra-abdominal postoperative abscesses, group 2 – 12 patients without T2DM but with intra-abdominal postoperative abscesses and 24 healthy individuals. The level of IL-8and IL-10 serum was determined on the day before surgery, on the 2-3rd and 5-7th day after surgery in patients with type 2 diabetes and intra-abdominal postoperative abscesses.
Results and conclusions: The trajectories of the level of interleukins in patients with type 2 Diabetes mellitus were different from the trajectories of their level in patients without diabetes, which indicates a special immune response to nosocomial infection and surgical trauma. The mechanism of changes in serum levels of IL-8 and IL-10 in patients with type 2 Diabetes mellitus and postoperative intra-abdominal abscesses should be further studied in future studies on the specific causative agent of nosocomial infection and the cytokine response to it.
Methods of preventive intervention in women with multiple pregnancies in non-assymptomic circulation
Authors: Nikitina Iryna M. , Boiko Volodymyr I. , Smiian Svitlana A. , Boiko Alesia V. , Kalashnyk Natalia V. , Іkonopystseva Natalia А. , Babar Tetiana V. , Bolotna Maryna A.
Published: October 2020

The aim: The purpose of the study is a comparative evaluating the effectiveness of using the different methods of treatment of miscarriage in multiple pregnancies taking into account the condition of the cervix.
Materials and methods: 86 pregnant women with diarrheal twins were monitored. On the basis of studying the premorbid background, somatic and reproductive history, features of the gestational period, leading antenatal risk factors for the development of complications in multiple pregnancies were identified. With the help of transvaginal cervicometry the prognostic ultrasound criteria of the condition of the cervix and its obstructive capacity in case of premature birth are investigated.
Results: In the event of uncomplicated pregnancy multiple birth is characterized by a gradual shortening of the cervix in dynamics from 43.2 ± 3.9 mm to 38.2 ± 4.0 mm by 20 weeks, from 37.7 ± 4.1 mm to 30.2 ± 3.9 mm to 30 weeks, to 21.1 ± 3.1 mm to 37 weeks. In the period of 25–27 weeks, the appearance of a V-shaped opening of the uterine cervix in half of the women was observed, which remained until the end of gestation. Shortening of the cervix was the most significant in patients with the risk of abortion who received only tocolytic therapy. In the 2nd trimester revealed a V- or U-shaped opening of the cervical canal.
In pregnant women at risk who had an obstetric pessary, a decrease in the length of the cervix was found, which was similar to the rate of its shortening in uncomplicated multiple pregnancies. The condition of the cervix in the presence of a pessary before delivery probably did not differ from the condition of the cervix with the normal course of multiple pregnancies.
Conclusions: Pregnant women with uncomplicated multiple pregnancies revealed a decrease in the length of the cervix with an increase in gestation. At the end of pregnancy, the internal jaws acquired a predominantly Y-shape. In pregnant women with the risk of pregnancy termination who received tocolytic therapy, the cervix was the shortest. In late gestation, V- and U-shaped internal jaws were observed. Changes in the cervix after the placement of obstetric pessaries are similar to changes in uncomplicated pregnancy.
Determining the frequency of functional disorders of the TMJ in patients with mandible fractures depending on the location
Authors: Skrypa Olga L. , Bandrivsky Yurii L.
Published: October 2020

The aim: To investigate the frequency of functional TMJ disorders in patients with fractures of the mandible. Materials and methods: To achieve this goal, 111 patients hospitalized in the department of surgical dentistry of the Chernivtsi Regional Clinical Hospital were examined for traumatic fractures of the mandible with functional disorders of the TMJ (occlusive, muscular, articular disorders). The examination of patients with functional disorders was based on Express – the conclusion of the Hamburg Protocol: 1. pain in palpation of joints; 2. pain in palpation of chewing muscles; 3. presence of noises in the joints; 4. violation of the opening trajectory; 5. the opening of the mouth is limited; 6. eccentric occlusion, premature contacts. Statistical processing of research results was carried out using commonly used methods of variation statistics. Results: We found that on average, mandibule fractures showed the highest number of single-function occlusion`s (18.92%) and articular disorders (21.62%) and multifunctional occlusal-articular disorders (20.72%), with the smallest the frequency of one-function muscle`s disorders (4.50%). Multifunctional TMJ disorders «occlusal + muscle» and «muscular-articular» in this contingent of patients were determined, on average, at the same percentages (10.81%). Attention was drawn to the fact that «muscular + articular» dysfunction of the TMJ was diagnosed more frequently with the immobilization of the fragment with the help of osteosynthesis (18,18 ± 4,54%) and with the combined method (15,39 ± 3,84%) than when both jaws are splinted, p <0,05. Conclusions: It was established that in patients with fractures of the jaws of different localization single-functional articular disorders (21.62% of the subjects) and multifunctional «occlusion-articular» disorders (20.72% of the examined) predominated. In this case, the frequency of TMJ dysfunction, to a large extent, depended on the nature of the displacement and the way of immobilization of the fragments of the mandible.
Influence of different qualitative composition of infusion solutions on cerebral hemodynamics in patients with acute ischemic stroke
Authors: Semenenko Andrii I. , Khrebtii Halyna I. , Malyk Svetlana L. , Dmytriiev Dmytro V. , Bodnar Roksolana Ya. , Zheliba Lesia M. , Lomakina Yuliia V. , Alsalama Mohammad Wathek O.
Published: October 2020

The aim: Investigate the effect of 0.9% NaCl, HES 130, HAES-LX-5% and mannitol 15% on cerebral hemodynamics in patients with AIS. Materials and methods: The study included 100 patients with AIS. As the investigated solutions were used: isosmolar 0.9% NaCl, hyperosmolar mannitol 15%, colloid-isoosmolar HES 130, colloid-hyperosmolar HAES-LX-5%. The control group received only 0.9% NaCl compared: 0.9% NaCl+HES 130, 0.9% NaCl+HAES-LX-5%, 0.9% NaCl+mannitol 15%. Evaluation of cerebral hemodynamic (indexes of cerebral blood flow) was performed using doppler ultrasound of cerebral arteries. Results: The dynamics of specific volume velocity of blood flow per 100 grams of brain substance indicates that in the group of 0.9% NaCl and 0.9% NaCl+mannitol is the tendency to decrease the blood flow of the brain during 7 days of treatment, respectively: 2.8% and 7.5%. In patients with HES 130 solution cerebral blood flow increases by 14.2%, whereas when applied HAES-LX-5% during 7 days, it increases by 43.2% (p=0.004). Conclusions: The analysis of the data of treatment the patients with AIS showed the best effect (p=0.004) of improvement of the cerebral circulation in the use of the polyfunctional infusion solution HAES-LX-5% unlike the 0.9% NaCl group and group of 0.9% NaCl+mannitol where was a decrease of the dynamics of cerebral blood flow, which could lead to hypoperfusion of the brain.
Immunodiagnostics of cerebral toxoplasmosis depending on permeability of blood-brain barrier
Authors: Bondarenko Andriy V. , Katsapov Dmitro V. , Gavrylov Anatoliy V. , Didova Tatiana V. , Nahornyi Ivan A.
Published: October 2020

The aim of the work was to detect a diagnostic value of CNSToxoIndex – index of correlation between albumin concentration and anti-toxoplasma antibodies, which reflects local production of anti-toxoplasma IgG in CNS compared with their level in blood.
Materials and methods: 30 HIV-infected persons with the IV clinical stage (16 man and 14 women) aged from 25 to 49 years with clinical and instrumental signs of cerebral toxoplasmosis were selected from the general array of the patients treated in the Regional Clinical Infectious Hospital. A retrospective parallel detection of IgG T. gondii was performed in serum and CSF in patients, whose results of ELISA or PCR on T. gondii were positive. Blood serum and CSF were obtained from patients at the same time. All samples for analysis were stored at −20 °C and then tested on the RT-2100C Rayto Life and Analytical Sciences Co., Ltd (China) immunoassay analyser for quantitative detection of the level of specific anti-Toxicoplasma IgG. Detection of albumin concentration in serum and CSF was performed on the Chemray-120 Automated Biochemical Analyzer Rayto Life and Analytical Sciences Co., Ltd (China) using the Liquick Cor-ALBUMIN Diagnostic Kit.
Results: Specific IgG to T. gondii in blood plasma was found in 27 patients (90%) while in CSF only in 7 (23 %). The results of the research in this group of patients were represented by the following parameters: patient 1 (blood antiToxo IgG – 200 IU/ml, blood albumin – 36 g/l, CSF antiToxo IgG – 10 IU/ml, CSF albumin – 0.8 g/l, CNSToxolndex – 2.3); patient 2 (150 / 40 / 90 / 0.7 / 34.3, respectively); patient 3 (90 / 35 / 64 / 0.25 / 99.6); patient 4 (140 / 39/ 10/ 0.19/ 14.7); patient 5 (88 / 52 / 48 / 0.21 / 135.1); patient 6 (160 / 48 / 50 / 0.15 / 100.0); patient 7 (122 / 42 / 15 / 0.17 / 30.4). Consequently, taking into consideration the diagnostic marker CNSToxolndex more than 10.0, cerebral toxoplasmosis was diagnosed only in six patients from seven, in whom anti-toxoplasma antibodies in CSF were detected. Patient 1, despite clinical symptoms similar to cerebral toxoplasmosis, and substitute signs of cerebral toxoplasmosis detected with the help of neuroimaging methods (volumetric formation of the right frontal lobe with a ring-shaped enhancement), availability of specific anti-toxoplasma antibodies in blood serum and CSF, diagnosis of cerebral toxoplasmosis has not been confirmed. M. tuberculosis DNA was found in CSF by PCR.
Conclusions: CNSToxoIndex allows evaluating the local production of anti-toxoplasmic IgG in CNS and their diffusion from blood as a result of the blood-brain barrier damage and it is a powerful method of cerebral toxoplasmosis diagnostics in HIV-positive people as well.