bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparative evaluation on the number of increments of composites used for restoring disto-occlusal cavities of maxillary and mandibular molars - A retrospective analysis
Authors: Srujana Hemmanur  , Pradeep S  , Sowmya K
Published: January 2021

Over time and with the advancement of dental materials, a shift in the paradigm of how lost tooth structure can be restored has occurred. It is not very surprising to notice that many of the traditional amalgam restorations have been replaced with dental composites in the name of aesthetics. The factors that usually contribute to the failure of the composite restorations are secondary caries, pulpal irritation, post-operative sensitivity and marginal discoloration, all indicating microleakage being the cause. Microleakage, in turn, is caused by polymerization shrinkage, which is inherent to the material because of its composition. Amongst a few strategies to minimise polymerization drinking shrinkage is the use of the incremental technique. The aim of the present study was to evaluate and compare the number of increments of composites used for restoring disto-occlusal cavities of maxillary and mandibular molars in the South Indian population. It is a retrospective analysis. Data from 86,000 patient records were sieved and a total of 101 case sheets that presented with disto-occlusal composite restorations in maxillary and mandibular molars were included. The number of increments used to restore the cavity was assessed and tabulated in Microsoft Excel along with details like age, gender and tooth number. Frequency analyses and Chi-Square test was performed. Two increments of composite resin were reported to be used maximum in the restoration of the DO cavities in molars. The association of the number of increments to tooth number is found to be significant (p <0.05). Within the limitations of the study, the number of increments of composite used to restore a DO cavity was more in a mandibular first molar. Thus to conclude that all the teeth were restored in a conservative approach.
Analysis on Clinical pharmacy services provided by pharmacists for promoting elderly patients care
Authors: Bushan Kumar GG  , Jyothi Singamsetty  , Rajasekhar K V  , Sahitya Meda
Published: January 2021

Clinical pharmacy services are the services provided by the pharmacists to promote patient care, optimizes medication therapy, promote health and disease prevention. This prospective cross sectional study was conducted in tertiary care hospital over a period of 6 months. This collected data is checked for their appropriateness of any prescription related errors and DRPs were identified. Results obtained were assessed to determine the influence of Clinical pharmacist services. Majority of the prescriptions were with 5-9(62.5%) drugs. The majority of co-morbidities among 125 enrolled patients in age group of 60-70, 55 patients were with 3-4 co-morbidities. Among 125 prescriptions around 12 prescriptions were identified with 622 drug interactions. Among 125 patients 2 (0.277) adverse drug reactions were observed and according to Naranjo's probability assessment scale these adverse drug reactions were mild and 15(2.08%) dispensing errors, 10(1.386%) prescription errors where majority of prescription errors are due to missed written frequencies in the prescriptions. 5(0.693%) administration errors, 5 (0.693%)untreated indications were observed. Presence of clinical pharmacist in hospital settings can reduce drug related problems and they can assist other staff in improving patient care.
Method Development and Validation for Quantification of Sulfamethoxazole in Human plasma by UPLC-MS/MS
Authors: Vijey Aanandhi M  , Yamini R  , Elancheziyan K  , Prakash Chand T  , Aysha Jadeera K A  , Binoy Varghese Cheriyan
Published: January 2021

The main objective of the study aimed at developing and validating the advanced effective Liquid-Liquid Extraction  method for evaluating Sulfamethoxazole in Human plasma, by following the FDA guidelines using UPLC-MS/MS and Sulfamethoxazole D4 as Internal Standard. The analyte was eluted using Acetonitrile: 10mM Ammonium Formate pH 4.5 (60:40 v/v) flows through the column and flow-rate of 0.400mL/min. The injected volume set was 5µl. Chromatogram obtained with isocratic elution with efficient separation. Spiking concentrations were fixed for the Calibration Curve and Quality Control samples that produced the  linearity over the range of 320.635ng/ml to 22009.900ng/ml for the standard curve. The slope 0.0000535324  and corresponding intercept was plotted using the developed method. The method has been validated according to all established parameters of inter and intra precision and accuracy and showing recovery of 71.39% and 71.14% for SM and SMD4 respectively. Reinjection and Reproducibility and Auto Sampler Carry Over Test were met with the specifications. The validated method drew accuracy and meets specifications for the Big Batch, Hemolyzed and Dilution Integrity samples. This assay method was developed that proves all the stability parameters for the matrices as well as solutions used for the study and suitable for the bioequivalence study. The proposed method may also be applicable for the study of combined formulations.
Anticancer Potential of L-Asparaginase: An Overview
Authors: Kamesh Kumar Keshri  , Mrunali Nandanwar  , Eesha Shukla  , Aswatha Ram H N  , Aravinda Pai  , Bhavana Bhat B  , Venkatesh Kamath B
Published: January 2021

Asparaginase, derived from microbial origin hydrolyses L-asparagine to L-aspartic acid. The enzyme finds principal use in the treatment of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia during childhood that primarily occurs between two to ten years of age. L-Asparaginase finds its use in management of haemopoietic disorders especially in pediatrics that is caused due to proliferation and enlargement of lymphoblast in bone marrow and in blood as well as other part of the body. L- Asparaginase from bacterial sources exhibit quaternary and tertiary structural forms. However for using it in therapeutic and clinical application it should not generate any fatal allergic reaction to the patient. Such effects can occur due to the enzyme associated L-Glutaminase activity and also due to the endotoxins from bacteria in enzyme preparations. Therefore, with the recent development in biotechnology with respect to production and purification techniques it is possible to get pure L- asparaginase from microbial origin. The present article provides an insight into the mechanism of action of L-Asparaginase as an anticancer agent and its industrial applications.
Assessment of prevalence of vasomotor menopausal symptoms using a modified menopause rating scale(MRS) in Peri and postmenopausal women
Authors: Aariya Srinivasan  , Archana kumari
Published: January 2021

Menopausal symptoms can often be distressing and affect the normal activities of women in their middle age. This can significantly reduce their quality of life. This study was done to assess the prevalence of vasomotor menopausal symptoms using a modified menopause rating scale (MRS) in Peri and postmenopausal women. A cross-sectional observational study was done on 100 middle-aged women (40-65 yrs) during the period January-June 2020 using the modified menopause rating scale (MRS). The mean age of the respondents in the study was 52.71 yrs. The mean age at menopause is 56 yrs. The commonly found symptoms were joint and muscular discomfort (80%), physical and mental exhaustion (65%) and sleeping problems (50%) appears to be the most commonly experienced symptoms by these women. The other symptoms are hot flushes and night sweats (46%), irritability (40%), dryness of vagina (38%), anxiety (36%), depressive mood (34%), sexual problems(30%), heart discomfort (16%) bladder problems (14%). This study showed that the typical vasomotor symptoms of menopause like sweating and hot flushes were comparatively lower than that of somatic symptoms like joint and muscular discomfort, mental and physical exhaustion in general. At the same time, postmenopausal women experienced more of urogenital symptoms, while Peri and premenopausal women experienced somatic and psychological symptoms.
Lasers in Endodontic: A review
Authors: Akshay Jaiswal  , Anuja Ikhar  , Pradnya Nikhade  , Manoj Chandak  , Rushikesh Bhonde  , Samrudhi Kathod  , Saurabh Rathi  , Kajol Relan
Published: January 2021

Since the development of ruby laser by Maiman in 1960 & application of laser for endodontics by Weichman in 1971, a variety of papers on potential applications for lasers in endodontics have been published. Lasers have been a significant advancement in the field of endodontics. Be it effective cleaning, root canal treatment, surgery etc. The lateral accessory canals and anatomical complexities have been a restraint in root canal procedure, for such cases lasers have been introduced to simplify the process & have good clinical results. As there has been a boon in the improvement of laser techniques, many latest lasers having a broad array of characteristics is accessible and can also be helpful in several areas related to dentistry. When compared with conventional techniques, laser treatments has been proven to be more advantageous. The purpose of this article is to summarize laser applications in endodontics, including their use in pulp diagnosis, dentinal hypersensitivity, pulp capping and pulpotomy, sterilization of root canals, root canal shaping & obturation & apicectomy. This article reviews the role of lasers in endodontics since the early 1970s & summarizes what future may hold for endodontics. With the potential availability of many new laser wavelengths and modes, much interest is developing in this promising field.
Bacterial Profile and Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern among Diabetic Foot Ulcer Patients
Authors: Steffy Ligi Binu  , Abhishek Chandran  , Chaitrashree  , Abhijith Shetty  , Sharad Chand  , Juno J. Joel  , Bharath Raj K C  , Nandakumar U P
Published: January 2021

The current study was undertaken to analyze the bacteriological profile among diabetic foot ulcer patients and to determine the antibiotic susceptibility and resistance pattern of the organisms isolated. This was a prospective observational study conducted among 102 patients for six months. All patients, aged above 18 years diagnosed with diabetic foot ulcers and performed with culture and sensitivity tests in the department of general surgery, were enrolled in the study. All the relevant details of the study were collected and analyzed. Out of 102 patients enrolled, 72 were males and 30 were females. The majority of the bacteria that were isolated from the culture samples were found to be gram-negative, 119 (79.33%) and 31 (20.97%) were found to be gram-positive. Methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococcus was the most frequently isolated gram-positive micro-organism. It was found to have more sensitivity to both vancomycin and teicoplanin (100%) whereas it showed high resistance to benzylpenicillin (84.6%). Among various gram-negative organisms, Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most commonly isolated. It showed high sensitivity to doripenem (70.9%) and was found to be more resistant to levofloxacin (51.6%). Our study concluded on the predominance of gram-negative bacteria among the enrolled patients. Among the 22 different types of bacteria identified, Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most frequently isolated species.
Awareness Of Lifestyle Modification In Female Diagnosed With Polycystic Overian Disease
Authors: Karthi M  , Lucetta Dias
Published: January 2021

Most of the women in the reproductive age group are affected by PCOD. Emphasis on prevention of PCOD, as the incidents of PCOD, are increasing. The current incident of PCOD is (5%to 15%) is increasing fastly due to lifestyle and stress. It is also becoming a common problem amongst adolescent, developing soon after puberty. Amongst infertile women, about 15% to 20% of infertility cases are due to anovulation caused by PCOD. This study was done to assess the knowledge of PCOD among women and to make them aware of lifestyle modification is an important part of treatment. Some of the women who developed cardiovascular disease, hypertension, endometrial cancer and type 2 diabetes later in life appear to have suffered from PCOD in earlier years. A cross-sectional observational study was conducted in Chennai with 100 women of reproductive age (18~45 yrs) from January to June 2020 using standardized questionnaire. According to the study, 28% of the subjects are very well aware of the PCOD. 58% had expressed somewhat aware, 64% aware that Exercise help in the management of PCOD, in that 27% are maintaining diet and exercise every day. 14% of the respondents are not aware of the PCOD. This study indicated that more awareness should be made in the general public about PCOD as the majority of the participants are ignorant about lifestyle modification.
Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug-Drug interactions in various regions of Andhra Pradesh
Authors: Bothiraj M  , Alagusundaram M  , Chandra Sekhar K B
Published: January 2021

Pharmacoepidemiology deals with the use and effects of medications in a large number of population—the combination of epidemiology principles to the effects of drug and its usage. Pharmacoepidemiology helps in optimal utilization of medicines and assist health care providers in making better decisions on drug therapy that will tend to curtail the Drug-Drug interactions, thereby prevents alteration in the pharmacological activity of one drug by another. Among all types of interaction, Drug-Drug interaction causes a higher rate of mortality. A prospective study conducted with 653 prescriptions that were collected from the various regions of Andhra Pradesh like Kadapa, Proddatur, Pulivendula, Kurnool are checked in interaction checker, results are projected in 4 categories a) Age and Sex preponderance(Demographics) rate of drugs interaction b) Interaction rate of major/minor type c) Department wise - General medicine (72.37%), Gynaec (69.02%), Pediatric (29.33%), Ophthalmology (75%) d) Most common interacting pairs of various department Ex: Ceftriaxone & Furosemide, Diclofenac & Furosemide, Albuterol & Losartan are observed in General Medicine. Statistical significance (P-value 0.00002) is obtained based on One Way ANOVA. This study elucidates the significance of pharmacoepidemiology; however, this requires much efforts to prevent causation effects of drugs. It is helpful to locate them by the establishment of “Drug interaction monitoring program” or by establishing “Pharmacoepidemiological centres” in every hospital for the screening of prescriptions by “Pharmacist” and thereby edify doctors and public for better medication use.
Challenges and Research Opportunities faced in Pharma Industries: 4.0
Authors: Om Prakash Goshain  , Satish Kumar Sharma
Published: January 2021

The use of new technology from Pharma Industry 4.0 promotes sustainable production of value, makes pharmaceutical industry more flexible, clever and customized and thereby helps pharmaceutical companies to achieve economic benefit in long term. The present review discusses about the implications caused in enhancing pharmaceutical production and also investigate that how industry 4.0 aids in increasing the production. The review also discusses about the challenges faced by pharma industries 4.0 and addresses research opportunities faced in pharma industries 4.0. From the review it was observed that, main barriers which come in the way of increasing the production are high cost, time consuming design and framework development, seniors unsupportiveness, lack of good training skills, inadequate business inducement, lack of co-operation and communications. Further it was observed that, smart production system has led to the development of the increased production, but still difficulties and impediment to smart production should be considered in order to achieve expertize in supply chain managerial and sustainable practices.
A Review on conceptual framework of Drug Side Effects and Pharmacoresistance in Epilepsy
Authors: Satish Kumar Sharma  , Suruchi Singh
Published: January 2021

Epileptic seizures in the form of involuntary body movements have made patients’ lives extremely difficult. There are mainly two types of seizures partial or focal seizure affect just one side of the brain and generalised seizures affect the whole brain of a person. The person suffers from neuro-sensory deregulation and consciousness loss, coupled with episodes of seizures. Different drug therapies have been used for epilepsy patients targeting neurotransmitters regulation mechanisms. The drug targets and mechanism of action in polytherapy remain ambiguous.  However, 6 out of 10 patients quit antiepileptic drug (AED) therapy due to side effects like depression, aggression and psychosis. Several behavioral side effects make them socially awkward, due to which patients cease to continue drug therapies. The combined effect of AED side effects and resorting therapies lead to recurrent seizures which further disturb the neurotransmission on account of every seizure episode. The present review describes epilepsy in terms of clinical treatments and associated side effects. The study provides a novel conceptual loop of correlation between AED polytherapy, side effects and Pharmacoresistance. This review creates caution for clinicians to think intricately before prescribing drugs for epilepsy and ensure communication of side effects. The review opens research prospectives for drug targets to break the conceptual loop for the Pharmacoresistance. Further, this paper enhances the understanding of epilepsy and improves diseases condition.
Coherencia interna de diseños curriculares de educación inicial en Latinoamérica en relación con su enfoque de aprendizaje
Authors: Requena Arellano Marcos Antonio , Dávila Padrón Ivvanova De Jesús
Published: January 2021

Se presenta un análisis de la coherencia interna de los diseños curriculares de Educación Inicial de los nueve países suramericanos hispanohablantes, en relación con su enfoque de aprendizaje. Previamente al análisis, se señala el concepto de currículo y de consistencia interna en que el mismo se basa; asimismo, se expone la clasificación asumida de los enfoques de aprendizaje, la que distingue tres fundamentales: conductismo, cognitivismo y constructivismo. Se aplicó un método mixto (cualicuantitativo) con diseño secuencial. Se emplean dos instrumentos y dos escalas. Hallazgos: a) cinco diseños curriculares explicitan su enfoque de aprendizaje; b) de estos cinco documentos, tres son altamente coherentes con dicho enfoque y dos son medianamente coherentes; c) de los cuatro diseños curriculares que no explicitan algún enfoque de aprendizaje, tres contienen evidencias de tres enfoques, y el cuarto documento contiene evidencias de dos enfoques; d) dos de estos cuatro documentos presentan alta coherencia, y los otros dos presentan baja coherencia. Se concluye que la coherencia curricular, en relación con el enfoque de aprendizaje referente, se presenta de manera diferenciada en los distintos diseños curriculares del conjunto estudiado.
La inserción laboral y la inclusión educativa de jóvenes con discapacidad auditiva en Chincha Alta
Authors: Vásquez León Shirley Mirella , Loayza Maturrano Edward Faustino
Published: January 2021

La inserción laboral y la inclusión educativa es un problema que afecta a jóvenes con discapacidad ya que se entremezcla dos situaciones sociales: la exclusión y la discriminación. El presente trabajo tuvo como objetivo calcular el grado de relación existente entre la inclusión educativa y la inserción laboral en una población post adolescente afectada por la falta de audición en Chincha Alta.  Se diseñó un estudio descriptivo-correlacional   con   una   muestra   de   106   jóvenes que poseen discapacidad auditiva del distrito de Chincha Alta en Ica a quienes se les aplicaron dos instrumentos para evaluar la inclusión educativa y la inserción laboral. Los resultados muestran que existe relación moderada alta, siendo significativa, entre las variables inclusión educativa e inserción laboral de personas que están afectadas en su potencial auditivo. Se concluye que la inclusión educativa se relaciona significativamente con el aspecto laboral de personas con la audición disminuida en Chincha Alta durante el 2019.
Agreement and reproducibility of field and laboratory tests in the prediction of running speed in a 10-km race in amateur runners
Authors: Ribeiro Heitor Siqueira , Corrêa Hugo de Luca , Lima Lívia Kelly Barbosa , Costa Filha Maria Barroso , Neto Severino Leão Albuquerque , Barros Edilberto Santos , Ferreira Aparecido Pimentel
Published: January 2021

Knowing running speed, particularly by means of easy-to-apply tests and
low cost, is important for the definition of the race strategy and the most
appropriate training throughout the preparation period. The aim was to compare
the agreement and reproducibility of critical velocity (CV), anaerobic threshold
(AT), and the simulated time trial on the track for the determination of the
running speed in a 10-km race in amateur runners. A cross-sectional study was
conducted with 34 runners of both genders aged 42.4±11.0 years. We measured
their CV, assessed their body composition and AT. Participants performed also a
simulated time trial on a 10-km running track and an official 10-km race. The
delta of the comparisons and the standard error of estimate between the running
velocities determined by the CV, AT, and the simulated time trial on the track
ranged from 0.55 to -0.79 km/h and 0.14 to 0.59 km/h, respectively.
Furthermore, CV and AT were compared to the 10-km running speed. Good agreement
and reproducibility were observed between the velocities determined by the CV,
AT, and the simulated time trial on the track with the real-time of a 10-km
official race.
Interruption of lymphatic filariasis transmission in Manaus, a former focus of Wuchereria bancrofti in the Western Brazilian Amazon
Authors: Martins Marilaine , Guimarães Rebeca Cristina Souza , Fontes Gilberto
Published: January 2021

Objective. To confirm the absence of Wuchereria bancrofti autochthonous cases in Manaus, a former focus of lymphatic filariasis in the Western Brazilian Amazon.

Methods. A field survey was carried out in 2016 using immunochromatographic rapid tests (ICT card) for the detection of circulating filarial antigens in blood. The sample included a group of 3 000 schoolchildren aged 6 to 10 years enrolled in schools from different urban areas of Manaus (including the former lymphatic filariasis focus in the city) and a group of 709 adolescents and adults, between the ages of 11 and 85 years, born and raised in different areas of Manaus.

Results. All of the individuals tested negative for W. bancrofti antigen.

Conclusions. Although Manaus was once considered endemic, this focus no longer seems to be active for lymphatic filariasis transmission. The results of this study could support the certification by the World Health Organization of the lymphatic filariasis transmission elimination exercise in Brazil.
Assessing Mathematics Teachers’ Dispositions
Authors: Khadijah Batool  , Muhammad Anwer  , Muhammad Shabbir
Published: January 2021

The study was aimed at comparison mathematics teacher’s dispositions at secondary level. The research was conducted to distinguish the difference of disposition among teachers on male and female basis as well as on their academic qualification base. One hundred and twenty teachers who were teaching mathematics at secondary level were selected. Data were gathered through stratified sampling technique by administering the questionnaire. The results indicated a statistical difference exist among mathematics teachers on gender basis and also with respect to their qualifications as well within groups. When comparing the mean scores results of the study depicted a significant effect of gender and qualification on teacher’s dispositions towards mathematics. (p<.05). The results of this research indicated that bulk of teachers had significant difference of dispositions towards self, students and insignificant difference of disposition towards colleagues. In addition, the in-service teachers’ DIPS vary and also significant on the basis of their qualifications. It is recommended that larger sample should be taken from public and private school to check and improve teacher’s dispositions. This study should also be carried out on college and university level to assess and enhance teachers’ dispositions.
Violent Behavioural Outcomes: An Empirical Examination of Perceived Parenting Rejection Practices in Lahore, Pakistan
Authors: Hassan Raza  , Saif-ur-Rehmn Saif Abbas  , Nazneen Habib
Published: January 2021

Across the cultures, parenting or child-rearing practices are considered as the concrete behaviors towards the developmental process of rearing or socialization of the children. The study splits the conception of parenting practices among two domains as parental acceptance and parental rejection, depending on the behavioural outcomes under investigation. The cross sectional research was conducted on young males attending colleges in Lahore, Pakistan to understand that how parental rejection dimensions of parenting manifest the violent behavioral outcome among male college students. The research within the Pakistani indigenous culture on parenting practices and its inter-relationship between youth violent behavioural outcomes provide stems from the theoretical anchorage in the socio-psychological works. The sample of 816 male students from public colleges of Lahore was included to collect the responses through self-administered questionnaire as a tool of the study. The results indicated that measures of perceived parental rejection accounts variations in the violent behavioural outcomes of the young male students for 26.2% (R2 = 0.262). The study suggests that positive parenting interventions may cause to reduce the risk factors (i.e. violent behavioral practices) among youth.
The Influence of Think-Pair-Share in Enhancing Students’ Speaking Ability
Authors: Putri Hidayana , Fahriany Fahriany , Jalil Nasifuddin
Published: January 2021

Secondary schools obliged the students to master English skills. In fact, students have many shortcomings in mastering those English skills, especially speaking skills faced by the eighth-grade students of MTs Khazanah Kebajikan in the academic year 2017/2018. They had difficulties in speaking English directly. It was found by our observation in which the students were lack of vocabulary, self-confidence, and motivation. Additionally, they were difficult to elaborate on their ideas through the spoken form. Hence, the students are needed the new strategy to construct their shortcomings by the implementation of Think-Pair-Share. The objective of the study was to know the influence of Think-Pair-Share on students’ speaking ability of short monologue. This study used a quantitative method with a quasi-experimental design. The population was 102 students with 50 students as the sample of this study. The technique of data collection in this study consisted of pre-test and post-test. The data analysis techniques were used t-test, also included the test of normality and homogeneity. In addition, this study was also supported by measuring the effect size. The result of the study showed that students’ speaking score in the experimental class was higher than the controlled class. It found that H0 (Null Hypothesis) is rejected and Ha (Alternative Hypothesis) is accepted. Also, the result of the effect size was 2.91 at a large level (significant). It can be concluded that Think-Pair-Share is an effective way to improve students’ speaking ability, especially in short monologue.
Level of Creative Thinking Effect Through Multiple Solution Task Type Problem-Solving on Learning Outcomes
Authors: Hidayatulloh Muhammad Kris Yuan , Muslim Supari , Rahmadyanti Erina , Ismayati Euis , Kusumawati Nita
Published: January 2021

This study aims to: (1) analyze the level of creative thinking possessed by each class XI students of Building Drawing Technique (BDT); and (2) analyze the influence of the level of thinking on the learning outcomes of the cognitive, affective, and psychomotor domains. This type of research is correlational research through a quantitative approach method. The population in this study were all students in building expertise competencies at SMK Negeri 1 Nganjuk which included Geomatics and BDT. The sample used in this study was XI BDT class students. The instrument used in analyzing the level of creative thinking (LCT) is a problem-solving test sheet of the type of multiple solution tasks. The data analysis technique uses a linear regression test. The results of the study concluded that: (1) there were as many as 4 students included in the category of LCT 4 (very creative), there were 12 students included in the category of LCT 3 (creative), there are 11 students included in the category 2 LCT (quite creative), there are no students included in the category of LCT 1 (less creative), and there are as many as 11 students who included in the category of LCT 0 (not creative); (2) there is a significant influence between the level of creative thinking on the cognitive and psychomotor learning outcomes; and (3) there is a very significant influence between the level of creative thinking on the affective learning outcomes of class XI BDT students.
Critical Study of Research Results about TVET and TEFA’s Role in Social, Economic, and Education Development in the Country
Authors: Ismayati Euis , Muslim Supari , Kusumawati Nita , Rahmadyanti Erina , Hilmi Moch Alfin , Wrahatnolo Tri
Published: January 2021

This study aims to determine the role of Technical Vocational Education and Training (TVET) and Teaching Factory (TEFA) on social, economic, and educational development in a country. The study was conducted using a literature review of some references and relevant research results of European countries, the United States (US), Africa, and Asia, especially in Indonesia. The results of the study obtained were presented in the Focus Group Discussion (FGD) to obtain input and criticism to improve the results of the research. The study concluded that: (1) TVET has a key and key role in the social, economic, and educational fields of a country; (2) the impact of TVET in Nigeria and other developing countries, in general, has not been impressive; (3) the application of TEFA has a positive and significant effect on work readiness of vocational students; and (4) the application of TEFA can contribute to the social, economic and educational development of a country.
The Development of Digital Pocketbook Based on the Ethnoscience of the Singkawang City to Increase Students' Scientific Literacy on Heat Matter and Its Transfer
Authors: Sulistri Emi , Sunarsih Eti , Utama Erdi Guna , Moseki Usinah Robert
Published: January 2021

Many factors cause low student scientific literacy, one of which is due to the inappropriate use of the selected learning media in the learning process. This study aims to produce ethnoscience-based digital pocketbooks that are feasible and attractive to use by students and are effective in improving students' scientific literacy. The ADDIE model research procedure used includes five stages, namely: Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. The sample consisted of 141 fifth grade students in three Singkawang City Public Elementary Schools. Data collection techniques in the form of interviews, validation, questionnaires, and scientific literacy tests. Based on the results of the analysis stage, it was found that the KI and KD were related to cultural elements and local wisdom of the city of Singkawang. The design stage is obtained by designing a book framework, presentation of material, instruments. The development stage obtained material, graphic, and linguistic feasibility. Phase I validation was 3.25 with a percentage of 81.41% and stage II was 3.72 with an eligibility percentage of 92.92%. The results of the practitioner validator were 3.8 with a percentage of 95% and were classified as valid. Implementation stage, validation of the attractiveness of student and student responses to linguistic aspects of 3.31 and 3.46, respectively. While the material and graphic aspects of the student's response have a value of 3.23 and 3.22 respectively in the attractive criteria and student responses have a value of 3.33 and 3.39 respectively in the very interesting category. This means that ethnoscience-based digital pocketbooks are generally feasible, easy to understand, and interesting to use because they have a new display concept that is coherently integrated with local culture and a design that is in line with developments. Students' scientific literacy skills increased with an effect size value of 0.621 with moderate criteria at 73% presentation. It can be concluded that ethnoscience-based digital pocketbooks can effectively improve students' scientific literacy skills.
Episodic Memory in EFL Classroom at Bosowa University
Authors: Mardiana Mardiana , Jabu Baso , Weda Sukardi
Published: January 2021

The objectives of this research are (1) to find out whether the use of episodic memory is effective to improve the writing ability of the fifth-semester students of English education department of Bosowa University Makassar and (2) to find out the component of writing that improves the students’ writing the highest. The method applied in this research was true experiment design. It involved two groups design. That was experimental and control group. The subjects of this research were taken from two classes at fifth semester  A and B in 2014/2015 academic year. The sample consisted of 40 students. They were randomly formed. The data of this research was collected through writing test. The result of the research through students' writing test shows that the students' writing ability improved after treatment. It was supported by the rate of the mean score of writing which were observed in the students' posttest for the five components. The mean score of the experimental group was 71.89 which was higher than of the control group which was only 67.32 and the mean difference was 4.57. The content in the experimental group posttest were 83.50 while in the pretest only 67.50. The improvement of students' score in experimental for the content component was 16 point. It was the highest of all components of writing. It can be concluded that (1) The use of episodic memory is effective to improve the writing ability of the fifth-semester students of English Education Department of  Bosowa University Makassar; (2) The component of writing that improves the students’ writing the highest is content.Keywords: Episodic memory, writing ability.
EFL Teachers’ Attitude Towards Accent of Effective ELF Communication
Authors: Noviana Nurul
Published: January 2021

Over the years, English is best intended to be taught by a native speaker. Ironically, both native speakers and non-native speakers need to enhance their efficiency. As a qualified instructor of English, the habit of using accent preferences may affect interaction. This methodological research, therefore, examines the extent to which the ELF reference is rendered in the EFL classroom. By categorizing the open-ended question as to the first survey and continue to gather in-depth interviews, the perspectives on ideological preferences on particular accents were identified. As a result, the findings suggest that accents are not significant, preferably the usage of language between interlocutors to communicate has been proposed further.
A Contrastive Analysis Study Between English and Macassarese in Request Sentence
Authors: Sulastri Sulastri , Sulaiman Rizkariani
Published: January 2021

This study examines the English  and Makassar language request phrases. The imperative phrase of both languages from its form, purpose, and category in a sentence was studied in this analysis. The research used descriptive approach and contrastive analysis in terms of methods, the entire data were gathered by observing  and interviewing the native speakers of Lakiung dialects who still speak in their everyday communication. In the analysis, the writer outlined and compared the differences and similarities in request sentences, classified and explained  request sentences into subject, predicate, object and adverb. The results revealed that the request sentences in English and Macassarese have some similarities and differences were  found in form of sentences and the function of adverb. The differences between English and Macassarese  request sentence pattern, particularly on the element of predicate (P) in a sentence. While the similarity was S – P – O – K  and  S – P  construction.
Diagnostics of semiconductor structures by electrochemical capacitance-voltage profiling technique
Authors: Yakovlev G. E. , Frolov D. S. , Zubkov V. I.
Published: January 2021

The properties of interfaces in the heterostructures which frequently govern their operation are of particular importance for the devices containing heterostructures as active elements. Any further improving of the characteristics of semiconductor devices is impossible without a detail analysis of the processes occurring at the interfaces of heterojunctions. At the same time, the results largely depend on the purity of the starting materials and the technology of layer manufacturing. Moreover, the requirements to the composition and distribution of the impurity steadily get stringent. Therefore, the requirements regarding the methods of the impurity control and carrier distribution also become tougher both in the stage of laboratory development of the structure and in various stages of manufacturing of semiconductor devices. Electrochemical capacitance-voltage profiling is distinguished among the methods of electrical diagnostics of semiconductors by the absence of special preparation of the structures and deposition of the contacts to perform measurements, thus providing for gaining information not only about the impurity distribution but also about the distribution of free carriers. The goal of this work is to perform precise measurements of the profiles of free carrier distribution in semiconductor structures of different types, and demonstrate the measuring capabilities of a modern technique for concentration distribution diagnostics, i.e., electrochemical capacitance-voltage profiling. The method allows verification of the layer thickness in semiconductor heterostructures and provide a useful and informative feedback to technologists. To increase the resolution of the method and broad up the range of available test frequencies, a standard electrochemical profiler has been modified. Mapping data for GaAs substrate structure, the profiles of the concentration distribution of the majority charge carriers in SiC structures, GaAs structure with a p – n junction, pHEMT heterostructure, GaN heterostructure with multiple quantum wells, and in a silicon-based solar cell heterostructure are presented. The obtained results can be used to analyze the physical properties and phenomena in semiconductor devices with quantum-sized layers, as well as to improve and refine the parameters of existing electronic devices.
Психолігнвістичні аспекти лексико-семантичних трансформацій під час перекладу статей інтернет-видання "Тиждень"
Authors: Повх Вікторія , Засєкін Сергій
Published: January 2021

У статті проаналізовано психолінгвістичні особливості англомовного перекладу газетно-журнальних текстів. Виявлено актуальність публіцистичного стилю у державному та міжнародному масштабах та його вплив на формування суспільних відносин. Описано причини необхідності використання лексичних трансформацій, подано основні тези щодо іх вживання при перекладі. Проаналізовано, що застосування лексичних трансформацій залежить від особливостей мовних систем та їх стилістичних характеристик. У статті продемонстровано аналіз перекладу як процес когнітивної обробки інформації та висвітлено етапи когнітивних процесів, якими послуговується перекладач під час перекладацької діяльності. Доведено, що застосування лексичних трансформацій вимагає соціокультурної перекладацької компетенції, наявність екстралінгвістичних або фонових знань культури та мови обох народів, які безпосередньо впливають на формуванні свідомості та підсвідомості особистості. Окреслено, що з психологічно го погляду перекладач також здійснює мовну діяльність, створюючи текст перекладу. Мова як засіб комунікації містить у собі важливий механізм та посідає вагоме місце у когніції людини, тому сутність природи перекладу полягає у створенні додаткових зв’язків між встановленням відповідності лінгвістичних та психологічних складових двох мов.

Література

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Arnold, I. V. (2002). Stilistika. Sovremennyi Angliyskiy Yazyk. [Stylistics. Modern English]. Moscow: Flinta.

Bakhtin, M. M. (1979). Estetika Slovesnogo Tvorchestva. [Aesthetics of Verbal Creativity]. Moscow: Iskusstvo.

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Hábitat sin raíces
Authors: Gandara Woongg Carlos , Robles Cairo Cuauhtémoc
Published: January 2021

Desde los orígenes de la humanidad el hombre se ha trasladado de un territorio a otro en búsqueda de bienestar. Estos flujos poblacionales generan la necesidad de una arquitectura portátil, que pueda reubicarse según sea requerido. Dentro de los espacios que las sociedades demandan para su desarrollo, la vivienda es la edificación básica, que el hombre busca para satisfacer sus condiciones de vida de forma segura y confortable ante las condiciones adversas externas. El texto examina el tema, postulando la vivienda portátil como alternativa para un sector de la población contemporánea; incluye una breve reseña de su evolución histórica y su planteamiento teórico, su caracterización tecnológica y normativa, el perfil del usuario emancipado de su lugar de origen, además de mostrar los desafíos y alternativas a los que se enfrenta el arquitecto contemporáneo ante una sociedad cambiante. Se presenta este trabajo para sentar un marco teórico que de sustento al estudio posterior sobre el uso de la vivienda portátil en la frontera norte de México, donde el fenómeno migratorio incide con las formas de vida más que en otras regiones del país.
Espacio Público y Vida Cotidiana: Hacia un Cambio de Teorías en Diseño Urbano y Arquitectónico.
Authors: Fuentes Farías Francisco Javier
Published: January 2021

El espacio urbano se encuentra vinculado a cuestiones sociales, culturales, político-económicas, y también epistémicas y filosóficas, por lo cual éstas son áreas de interés para el diseño. Planteo que no es posible conocer dichas cuestiones sin antes revisar el sentido que damos a los conceptos que permiten incluir el punto de vista de la gente, entre ellos: espacio público y mundo de vida, identidad cultural, imaginarios urbanos, o representaciones sociales. Examinaremos dichos conceptos bajo la idea de su interdefinición, es decir, que para explicarlos debemos recurrir a otras conceptualizaciones, y que al hacerlo la arquitectura y filosofía se encuentran. Podemos confirmar ciertas dificultades en su estudio, tales como su carácter subjetivo, es decir, su inaccesibilidad al método científico, donde observamos algunas teorías que, como el posmodernismo y el posestructuralismo, ofrecen nuevas pistas desde la fenomenología y las ciencias cognitivas. Otros ejemplos provienen de la geografía constructivista y la llamada Teoría Social. En esa línea, concluimos que los especialistas en diseño interpretan el punto de vista de las personas mediante su propia experiencia como habitantes de la ciudad.
Ensenada imaginada
Authors: García García de León Aurora
Published: January 2021

El artículo aborda desde los imaginarios de la niñez las representaciones urbanas de la ciudad de Ensenada, Baja California. Se parte de la premisa de que mirada de la niñez sobre la ciudad aún está despojada de expectativa y de que aún no existen prejuicios sobre cómo representarla. Por lo tanto, sus representaciones sobre lo que es Ensenada son imágenes que seránproducto de su memoria, de su imaginación, o incluso producto de su deseo,y que pueden brindarnos nuevas interpretaciones sobre lo que esta ciudad significa. Así, a partir de las narrativas del vivir y el habitar la ciudad se irá reconfigurando una Ensenada que se ve poco a sí misma en la que cobran mayor relevancialos elementos del paisaje marítimo sobre los urbanos.
“Narrar la arquitectura y la ciudad: Tendencias teóricas y metodológicas, en la segunda mitad del siglo XX”.
Authors: Rubio Gutiérrez Harmida
Published: January 2021

Este artículo se centra en exponer lo establecido personas teóricas, críticas y hacedoras de arquitectura, para desarrollar una manera de leer (entender) y escribir (construir) la ciudad: la narrativa. Ésta, es el arte de contar historias. Es necesaria para explicar el mundo, para construir la memoria y para proyectar hacia el futuro. Está inmersa en un mundo a medio camino entre el tangible y el imaginario, además es un proceso práctico, simbólico y emotivo a la vez. Así, la narrativa se entiende epistemológicamente, como una manera de comprender el mundo y la vida. Con base en este argumento, se profundiza sobre el entendimiento de la ciudad.Se observan además varios caminos que han retomado estas ideas o han experimentado otras nuevas, y finalmente se demuestra que la narrativa tiene mucho fundamento desde la teoría, la historia y la crítica de la arquitectura; sin embargo, desde la arquitectura y el urbanismo como disciplinas, no ha tenido la suficiente aplicación, ni se ha considerado seriamente como enfoque.
Analysis of the road network structures based on street connectivity
Authors: Flores Romero María Erándi , Morales Agiss Irving Omar , Sosa Compean Liliana Beatriz
Published: January 2021

The following article proposes a method to identify structures inside a road network with a flow-base community detection algorithm implemented on a graph representing the city road network.
According to the results obtained in the cities of Mexico and Monterrey, the method effectively divides road infrastructure into several communities and preserves geographical neighboring. The frontiers of communities match administrative divisions along with other frontiers inside the city.
The identification of communities could be useful to study the heterogeneity of street connectivity inside the city which could lead to improvements in urban mobility or even the application of public policies.