bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
174 Pseudogout Induced by Vortioxetine
Authors: Batta Priya , Dhillon Davinder , Hirsch Alan R
Published: June 2018

Study Objective

Vortioxetine induced monoarticular pain has not heretofore been described. Such a case is presented.

Method

Case study: A 49 year old right handed female with a past history of multiple hospitalizations for chronic severe migraine, presented with complaints of depression and stress. She has had depression for 20 years, which has been constant and worsened in the past 5 years. As her migraines became more frequent, her depression also worsened. She has never been suicidal, but does endorse sadness, crying spells, fatigue, demotivation, lack of interest, poor concentration, irritability, anger, guilt, hopelessness, helplessness, anorexia, PM insomnia with frequent awakenings, absent libido and racing thoughts.

Results

Abnormalities in her mental status examination: Orientated times 2. Disheveled. Defensive. Motor retardation. Mood: depressed, anxious and irritable with blunted affect. Remote memory: President: Obama,?. Beck Depression Inventory II: 23 (moderate depression). Beck Anxiety Inventory: 25 (moderate anxiety).

The patient was begun on 5 mg of vortioxetine every night. Within two days, she developed pain and swelling of the distal interphalangeal joint of the left great toe. The pain was so severe that she demonstrated an antalgic gait. After five days the medication was discontinued and two days later, there was full resolution of the swelling and pain, and ambulation returned to normal.

Conclusions

The mechanism whereby vortioxetine induced this monoarticular pain is unclear. Underlying depression alone can precipitate arthritic exacerbation (Trivedi, 2004). This was unlikely given the long duration of her depression as well as the timing of the precipitant (vortioxetine use) and resolution shortly after the medication was discontinued. Alternatively, in the depressed state, there may be a greater perception of somatic pain, which allowed her to appreciate any arthritic pain which may have pre-existed the use of vortioxetine (Howard, 1991). As such, this may have represented a correspondence bias (Gilbert, 1995). Furthermore, mild new pain is perceived as more intense in those who are depressed (Howard, 1991). Thus, any minimal arthritic injury may be viewed as more intense. Vortioxetine may have paradoxically exacerbated anxiety and anxiety can precipitate pain (Narasimhan & Campbell). Alternatively, vortioxetine could have caused a generalized allergic reaction, which may have initially manifest in the great toe. If the patient continued the medication, she may have developed a generalized systemic reaction including involvement of multiple joints. Another possibility is that it caused an allergic histamine mediated hive like reaction, generalized, as well as on the toe. Continued use of the joint may have caused this to be intensified, with associated swelling, while the general reaction subsided. Inquiry about monoarticular involvement in those taking vortioxetine is warranted.

Funding Acknowledgements

Smell & Taste Treatment and Research Foundation
178 Gender Differences in Prodromal Symptoms of Dementia
Authors: Wallis Richard , Bishop Sheryl , Downer Brian , Méndez Thomas , Raji Mukaila , Sapp Aida
Published: June 2018

Study Objectives

This study proposed to test the postulate that the anxiety and insomnia symptom cluster (A/I) is a predictor of dementia.

Methods

A retrospective data analysis was conducted on the Aging, Demographics, and Memory Study (ADAMS) dataset in order to determine whether A/I symptoms or treatment were associated with subsequent dementia or cognitive impairment (DOCI). The study used logistic regression analysis and comparison of incidence rates on a sample of 249 participants.

Results

There was a significant relationship between A/I symptoms and subsequent DOCI in the male gender that was not found in the total sample or in females. No association with subsequent DOCI was found for benzodiazepine usage or non-benzodiazepine A/I medication usage.

Conclusions

The gender differences identified suggest prodromal dementia phenotypes that are differentially expressed in males and females. By triangulating the approaches from multiple disciplines—such as neuroimaging and genetics—with prodromalsymptoms, it is possible that reliable early prediction may be accomplished.

Funding Acknowledgements

No funding.
181 Triple Trouble: A Rare Case Report of PCDH19, Autism and Epilepsy in a 7-Year-Old Male Child
Authors: Bysani Sailaja , Kendhari Jusleen , Robert Cale
Published: June 2018

Background

A 7-year-old Caucasian male presented to the emergency department with worsening aggression andbehavioral problems. He was diagnosed with seizure disorder at 9 months old and was started on Keppra. He also had delayed developmental milestones including failure to roll until 6 months, and failure to crawl until after 9 months. At 16 months he was aggressive towards other children including unprovoked attacks of biting and assault. When he was 6yrs old he underwent genetic testing which showed positive for PCDH19 mutation. The most consistent feature of this condition is the early onset ofseizures between 3 months to 3 years of age. He has been on nine anti-seizure medications since his diagnosis. For behavioral problems, he was placed on Focalin, Ritalin, Adderall patch which did not seem to work. He was then on non-stimulants, Zoloft, Prozac, Effexor, Zyprexa and Abilify all with little success.

During this admission, patient’s mother described increasing acts of severe physical violence toward multiple people leading to significant bruising. He has a known past psychiatric history of ASD, ADHD,ODD and PCDH19 mutation associated epilepsy. On admission, his medications included Buspirone 5mg BID, Olanzapine 7.5mg BID, Methylphenidate 7.5mg, Ritalin 7.5mg, Zonisamide 150mg qhs, Clonidine 0.1mg qhs. He had significant sensory processing difficulties and lack of communication with peers. He was continued on Clonidine 0.1mg po qhs, Methylphenidate 7.5mg po qam and at noon, Zonisamide 150mg daily. Tapered down Olanzapine and initiated him on Risperidone. His condition improved. He was referred to Thompson center for ABA therapy. He is more interactive and has a smile.

DISCUSSION

PCDH19 gene mutations have long since been known to cause epilepsy and behavioral disturbances in females. Males, on the other hand, present as asymptomatic transmitters. PCDH19 is a gene located on Chromosome X and is responsible for the formation of a protein known as protocadherin 19. This protein is especially important as it functions as a Ca2+ dependent cell adhesion in the brain. The PCDH19 mutation, however, impedes protein formation leading to epilepsy and behavioral disturbances. Approximately 90% of symptomatic females possess the mutated gene on one of their X chromosomes. Males similarly carry the mutation on their X chromosome, however are typically asymptomatic. A rare mosaic variant of PCHD19 mutations has been seen in symptomatic males.

CONCLUSION

Although it is more difficult to think in terms of ASD if a PCDH19 patient has coexisting psychiatric comorbidities like ODD andADHD, clinicians must be keenly aware of other mood disorders. Seizures do not respond well to medications. Family education, psychopharmacological treatment, ABA and CBT were successful in treating the patient. Little is known about the long-term sequela and prognosis of PCDH19 mutation in the male patient population and thus further research is warranted.

Funding Acknowledgements

No funding.
183 AXONA (Caprylidene): Medical Food Therapy For Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Shagufta Shanila , Sreeram Venkatesh , Kagadkar Faisal
Published: June 2018

OBJECTIVES

Evaluate the current novel food therapy for Alzheimer and its adverse effects. What is the response to Axona (Capylidene) in different ethnicities and determine the generalizability of the drug use in diverse populations.

What genes are linked with positive responses? What are the implications of its use in high risk populations? Its role in early detection of Alzheimer’s and the arrest of the neurodegeneration in APO E4 (-) patients.

METHOD

PubMed was queried with the search terms ‘Axona’ OR ‘Caprylidene’ and the following articles were collected and reviewed.

RESULTS

Among the articles collected and reviewed, two studies extensively evaluated the safety and efficacy of using Medium Chain Triglycerides (MCT) in Alzheimer’s disease. These studies genotyped patients for APO E4 status (positive/negative). According to the Reger et al. study in 2002, treatment of APOE4 (-ve) patients with MCTs reported a considerable improvement in comparison to placebo-treated patients (P=0.04). The second study by Henderson et al. in 2009 demonstrated an improvement in cognitive functioning determined by Alzheimer’s disease Assessment Scale- cognitive subscale (ADAS-Cog) scores in those treated with MCTs versus placebo in APOE4 -ve patients. An open label Japanese pilot study also showed improvement in cognitive functioning with Caprylidene in APOE4 (-ve) patients with Mini Mental Status Exam (MMSE) score>14.

DISCUSSION

The FDA approved treatment options in Alzheimer’s disease include acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (Rivastigmine, Donepezil and Galantamine), NMDA receptor antagonist (Memantine). These drugs only delay the progression of the disease in these patients.

MCTs are classified as medical foods, which are defined as substances that provide a specific nutritional need in a patient that cannot be satisfied by modification of a normal diet alone The FDA approved Axona as medicalfood for specific dietary management of the disease in 2009. Early metabolic changes in Alzheimer’s Diseaseprior to cognitive decline and plaque deposition can possibly be prevented by early intervention with Axona, especially in high risk population (APOE4 (þ), Downs syndrome).

These trials highlight the benefits of MCT in a discrete group, and the importance of routine genomic testing in Alzheimer patients in clinical settings. A better understanding into Caprylidene’s pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics will help us in the prevention and intervention of patients based on their genetic profiles.

Funding Acknowledgements

No funding.
197 Guanfacine and Impulsivity – Review of Literature
Authors: Vargas William Donovan , Radonjic Nevena V.
Published: June 2018

Prefrontal cortex (PFC) represents one of the most evolved regions of primate brain that is thought to regulate human specific features such as cognition, emotion and behavior (Arnsten and Jin, 2012). PFC is a site of action of guanfacine, an agonist of alpha 2 adrenergic receptors. Compared to clonidine, another alpha adrenergic drug, guanfacine is more selective for α2A adrenergic receptor subtype (van Zwieten et al., 1994; Uhlen at al., 1995) and is weaker in producing hypotension andsedation (Jurado at al., 1998) resulting in better tolerability of the medication. Studies have shown that endogenous noradrenergic stimulation of alpha2A receptors is essential for PFC regulation of behavior, thought and emotion as blockade ofα2A receptors in the monkey dorsolateral PFC significantly impairs working memory (Li and Mei, 1994) and behavioral inhibition (Ma et al., 2003; Ma et al., 2003). So far FDA has approved guanfacine in treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children but the medication is used off label for treatment of oppositional defiant disorder, conduct disorder, pervasive developmental disorders, motor tics and Tourette’s syndrome as well. Impulsivity as used in clinical terms is very broadly defined and encompasses personality traits as well as cognitive functions such as emotion regulation and behavioral inhibition. Numerous studies have shown effectiveness of extended release guanfacine in reducing impulsiveness in children with ADHD and recently in autism spectrum disorder (Scahill et al., 2015), however limited data is available on use of guanfacine in treatment of impulse control and aggression in adults.

Funding Acknowledgements

No funding.
Evaluation of the Resistance of a Polypropylene Geotextile Against Ultraviolet Radiation
Authors: Carneiro José Ricardo , Almeida Paulo Joaquim , Lopes Maria de Lurdes
Published: June 2018

The exposure to solar radiation (mainly due to the action of ultraviolet radiation) is one of the main causes for the premature failure of many polymeric materials, including the geotextiles. In this work, a nonwoven polypropylene geotextile (stabilized with a known amount of a hindered amine light stabilizer) was exposed to ultraviolet-aging tests, both in the laboratory (accelerated conditions) and outdoors (natural conditions). The damage occurred in the geotextile (caused by the ultraviolet-aging tests) was evaluated quantitatively (by monitoring changes in its mass per unit area, thickness, and tensile properties) and qualitatively (by scanning electron microscopy). The results, among other findings, showed that: (1) the ultraviolet-aging tests (both in the laboratory and outdoors) induced relevant damage in the polypropylene fibers of the geotextile (transverse cracks), leading to the deterioration of its tensile behavior, (2) the amount of degradation increased with the increase of the ultraviolet radiant energy, (3) the laboratory tests caused a faster deterioration of the polypropylene fibers than the outdoor tests, and (4) the degradation found by scanning electron microscopy in the polypropylene fibers correlated well with the deterioration occurred in the tensile behavior of the geotextile.
Comparative analysis of health system performance in Montreal and New York: the importance of context for interpreting indicators
Authors: Gusmano Michael K. , Strumpf Erin , Fiset-Laniel Julie , Weisz Daniel , Rodwin Victor G.
Published: June 2018

Although eliminating financial barriers to care is a necessary condition for improving access to health services, it is not sufficient. Given the contrasting health systems with regard to financing and organization of health insurance in the United States and Canada, there is a long history of comparing these countries. We extend the empirical studies on the Canadian and US health systems by comparing access to ambulatory care as measured by hospitalization rates for ambulatory care sensitive conditions (ACSC) in Montreal and New York City. We find that, in New York, ACSC rates were more than twice as high (12.6 per 1000 population) as in Montreal (4.8 per 1000 population). After controlling for age, sex, and number of diagnoses, significant differences in ACSC rates are present in both cities, but are more pronounced in New York. Our findings are consistent with the hypothesis that universal, first-dollar health insurance coverage has contributed to lower ACSC rates in Montreal than New York. However, Montreal’s surprisingly low ACSC rate calls for further research.
Eccentricity‐Paced Southern Hemisphere Glacial‐Interglacial Cyclicity Preceding the Middle Miocene Climatic Transition
Authors: Ohneiser C. , Wilson G. S.
Published: June 2018

We present new paleoclimate proxy data from the Southwest Pacific spanning the middle Miocene climatic transition (circa 16.2–13.5 Ma), which indicate a dynamic South Pacific Oceanic system with two periods of increasing and decreasing current strength in response to orbitally paced ice volume variations. A magneto‐biostratigraphic age model provides age control for magnetic susceptibility and Anisotropy of Magnetic Susceptibility data from a mudstone succession in Western Southland, New Zealand. Magnetic susceptibility in this succession reflects changes in carbonate content, which we suggest is proxy for ocean productivity or sea level variations and therefore a proxy for ice volume variations. The Anisotropy of Magnetic Susceptibility data carry a record of deep current strength in response to ice volume changes. Our data show that periods of increased ice volume resulted in the northward migration of erosive currents in this sector of the Pacific and that large, dynamic ice sheets may have persisted in Antarctic during the middle Miocene climatic optimum.
The Effect of Neutral Density Estimation Errors on Satellite Conjunction Serious Event Rates
Authors: Hejduk M. D. , Snow D. E.
Published: June 2018

While past studies have investigated the effect of neutral atmospheric density mismodeling on satellite conjunction assessment (CA), none has focused their investigation specifically on serious (high‐risk) conjunction events, which are the event types that drive both risk and workload for CA operations. The present study seeks to do this by reprocessing chosen groups of archived actual conjunction events, artificially introducing atmospheric density error to these events, and then examining the effect of these introduced errors on the probability of collision (Pc) calculation, which is the principal parameter used to assess collision risk. These reprocessed calculations are executed both with the satellites' covariances unaltered and with a covariance modification that accounts for the induced atmospheric density error. The results indicate that the situation is greatly aided by an a priori knowledge of the approximate density estimation error, even if the model itself is unaltered—missed detections due to density estimation uncertainty are notably reduced when the density model prediction error is characterized and can be included in the satellite covariance and thus Pc calculation. Overall improvements in density model predictive performance, in situations of both low and high solar activity, substantially benefit the CA enterprise, especially for false alarm reduction; but model enhancements that include a robust, in‐model error analysis offer the most significant improvements overall.
Assessing the Future of Space-Based Experiments
Authors: Delzanno Gian , Borovsky Joseph
Published: June 2018

Active Experiments in Space: Past, Present and Future; Santa Fe, New Mexico, 11–14 September 2017
Multidisciplinary Constraints on the Abundance of Diamond and Eclogite in the Cratonic Lithosphere
Authors: Garber Joshua M. , Maurya Satish , Hernandez Jean‐Alexis , Duncan Megan S. , Zeng Li , Zhang Hongluo L. , Faul Ulrich , McCammon Catherine , Montagner Jean‐Paul , Moresi Louis , Romanowicz Barbara A. , Rudnick Roberta L. , Stixrude Lars
Published: June 2018

Some seismic models derived from tomographic studies indicate elevated shear‐wave velocities (≥4.7 km/s) around 120–150 km depth in cratonic lithospheric mantle. These velocities are higher than those of cratonic peridotites, even assuming a cold cratonic geotherm (i.e., 35 mW/m2 surface heat flux) and accounting for compositional heterogeneity in cratonic peridotite xenoliths and the effects of anelasticity. We reviewed various geophysical and petrologic constraints on the nature of cratonic roots (seismic velocities, lithology/mineralogy, electrical conductivity, and gravity) and explored a range of permissible rock and mineral assemblages that can explain the high seismic velocities. These constraints suggest that diamond and eclogite are the most likely high‐Vs candidates to explain the observed velocities, but matching the high shear‐wave velocities requires either a large proportion of eclogite (>50 vol.%) or the presence of up to 3 vol.% diamond, with the exact values depending on peridotite and eclogite compositions and the geotherm. Both of these estimates are higher than predicted by observations made on natural samples from kimberlites. However, a combination of ≤20 vol.% eclogite and ~2 vol.% diamond may account for high shear‐wave velocities, in proportions consistent with multiple geophysical observables, data from natural samples, and within mass balance constraints for global carbon. Our results further show that cratonic thermal structure need not be significantly cooler than determined from xenolith thermobarometry.
Validating GIC Models With Measurements in Austria: Evaluation of Accuracy and Sensitivity to Input Parameters
Authors: Bailey R. L. , Halbedl T. S. , Schattauer I. , Achleitner G. , Leonhardt R.
Published: June 2018

Space weather events can cause geomagnetically induced currents (GICs) in power transmission networks. Over the past years, these currents have been measured in multiple substations in Austria, and the measurements have been tested against a model of local GIC with the aim of producing an optimized model, which can be developed through evaluation of various input parameters. We show the impact the choice of the local resistivity, in particular the surface conductivity in thin‐sheet modeling, and the source of geomagnetic variations has on GIC modeling. In addition, the sensitivity of the model to the accuracy of the network configuration is also investigated. This encompasses the inclusion of power grids outside of Austria in the model as well as the consequences of removal of a substation either through transformer failure or active disconnection. Results show that a detailed surface conductivity model brings benefits to areas with large lateral conductivity variations and that there are certain substations that lead to increases and decreases of GIC in the rest of the network when removed. The importance of regionally representative geomagnetic field measurements is also highlighted and shown to impact model accuracy. This study concentrates on regional effects, but the results are also valid for large‐scale studies elsewhere.
Towards femtosecond on-chip electronics based on plasmonic hot electron nano-emitters
Authors: Karnetzky Christoph , Zimmermann Philipp , Trummer Christopher , Duque Sierra Carolina , Wörle Martin , Kienberger Reinhard , Holleitner Alexander
Published: June 2018

To combine the advantages of ultrafast femtosecond nano-optics with an on-chip communication scheme, optical signals with a frequency of several hundreds of THz need to be down-converted to coherent electronic signals propagating on-chip. So far, this has not been achieved because of the overall slow response time of nanoscale electronic circuits. Here, we demonstrate that 14 fs optical pulses in the near-infrared can drive electronic on-chip circuits with a prospective bandwidth up to 10 THz. The corresponding electronic pulses propagate in macroscopic striplines on a millimeter scale. We exploit femtosecond photoswitches based on asymmetric, nanoscale metal junctions to drive the pulses. The non-linear ultrafast response is based on a plasmonically enhanced, multiphoton absorption resulting in a field emission of ballistic hot electrons propagating across the nanoscale junctions. Our results pave the way towards femtosecond electronics integrated in wafer-scale THz circuits.
Recruitment of patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) for research
Authors: Quint Jennifer K. , Moore Elisabeth , Lewis Adam , Hashmi Maimoona , Sultana Kirin , Wright Mark , Smeeth Liam , Chatzidiakou Lia , Jones Roderic , Beevers Sean , Kolozali Sefki , Kelly Frank , Barratt Benjamin
Published: June 2018

Databases of electronic health records (EHR) are not only a valuable source of data for health research but have also recently been used as a medium through which potential study participants can be screened, located and approached to take part in research. The aim was to assess whether it is feasible and practical to screen, locate and approach patients to take part in research through the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD). This is a cohort study in primary care. The CPRD anonymised EHR database was searched to screen patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) to take part in a research study. The potential participants were contacted via their General Practitioner (GP) who confirmed their eligibility. Eighty two practices across Greater London were invited to the study. Twenty-six (31.7%) practices consented to participate resulting in a pre-screened list of 988 patients. Of these, 632 (63.7%) were confirmed as eligible following the GP review. Two hundred twenty seven (36%) response forms were received by the study team; 79 (34.8%) responded ‘yes’ (i.e., they wanted to be contacted by the research assistant for more information and to talk about enrolling in the study), and 148 (65.2%) declined participation. This study has shown that it is possible to use EHR databases such as CPRD to screen, locate and recruit participants for research. This method provides access to a cohort of patients while minimising input needed by GPs and allows researchers to examine healthcare usage and disease burden in more detail and in real-life settings.
Author Correction: Dual contribution of TRPV4 antagonism in the regulatory effect of vasoinhibins on blood-retinal barrier permeability: diabetic milieu makes a difference
Authors: Arredondo Zamarripa David , Noguez Imm Ramsés , Bautista Cortés Ana María , Vázquez Ruíz Osvaldo , Bernardini Michela , Fiorio Pla Alessandra , Gkika Dimitra , Prevarskaya Natalia , López-Casillas Fernando , Liedtke Wolfgang , Clapp Carmen , Thébault Stéphanie
Published: June 2018

A correction to this article has been published and is linked from the HTML and PDF versions of this paper. The error has not been fixed in the paper.
The Life Skills of Older Americans: Association with Economic, Psychological, Social, and Health Outcomes
Authors: Steptoe Andrew , Jackson Sarah E.
Published: June 2018

Studies of children and adolescents indicate that success in life is determined in part by attributes such as conscientiousness, emotional stability and sense of control, independently of childhood socioeconomic status and cognitive ability. Less is known about the role of these characteristics at older ages. This study investigated the relationship of five life skills – conscientiousness, emotional stability, persistence, optimism and sense of control – with a range of outcomes in 8,843 participants (mean age 72.57 years) in the Health and Retirement Study, a representative study of older Americans. More life skills were associated with greater wealth and income, better emotional wellbeing, stronger social relationships, less loneliness, better health, fewer chronic illnesses and impaired activities of daily living, better mobility and less obesity, after controlling for childhood socioeconomic status and current cognitive ability. Longitudinally, more life skills predicted emotional wellbeing, less loneliness and more prosocial behavior, better health and mobility over a 4 year period. Associations were independent of gender, ethnicity, family background, education and cognitive ability. The number of attributes was important rather than any single life skill. Life skills continue to matter at advanced ages, and fostering these characteristics in older adults may pay dividends in terms of later life health and wellbeing.
Insight into the characteristics, removal, and toxicity of effluent organic matter from a pharmaceutical wastewater treatment plant during catalytic ozonation
Authors: Wen Shuhan , Chen Lin , Li Weiqi , Ren Hongqiang , Li Kan , Wu Bing , Hu Haidong , Xu Ke
Published: June 2018

Changes in the characteristics, removal efficiency, and toxicity of pharmaceutical effluent organic matter (EfOM) after catalytic ozonation were investigated in this study. After a 90-min treatment with a catalytic ozonation process (COP) in the presence of MnO2 ceramsite, the total organic carbon (TOC), UV254, colority, protein, and humic acid removal rates were 13.24%, 60.83%, 85.42%, 29.36% and 74.19%, respectively. The polysaccharide content increased by 12.73 mg/L during the COP for reaction times between 0 and ~50 min and decreased by 6.97 mg/L between 50 and ~90 min. Furthermore, 64.44% of the total colority was detected in the hydrophobic organic matter (HOM) fraction, and after the COP, and 88.69% of the colority in the HOM was eliminated. Meanwhile, only 59.18% of the colority in the hydrophilic organic matter (HIM) fraction was removed. GC-MS analysis showed that 38 organic pollutant species were completely removed, 8 were partially removed, and 7 were generated. After 90 min of COP treatment, the pharmaceutical EfOM toxicity was effectively reduced based on the higher incubation and lower mortality rates.
Evidence for a volcanic underpinning of the Atlantic multidecadal oscillation
Authors: Birkel Sean D. , Mayewski Paul A. , Maasch Kirk A. , Kurbatov Andrei V. , Lyon Bradfield
Published: June 2018

The Atlantic multidecadal oscillation (AMO) is a 60–70 year pattern of sea-surface temperature (SST) variability in the North Atlantic commonly ascribed to internal ocean dynamics and changes in northward heat transport. Recent modeling studies, however, suggest that SSTs fluctuate primarily in response to major volcanic eruptions and changes in atmospheric circulation. Here, we utilize historical SST, atmospheric reanalysis, and stratospheric aerosol optical depth data to examine the basic evidence supporting a volcanic link. We find that cool intervals across the North Atlantic coincide with two distinct episodes of explosive volcanic activity (1880s–1920s and 1960s–1990s), where key eruptions include 1883 Krakatau, 1902 Santa María, 1912 Novarupta, 1963 Agung, 1982 El Chichón, and 1991 Pinatubo. Cool SST patterns develop in association with an increased prevalence of North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO)+ atmospheric patterns caused by stratospheric aerosol loading and a steepened poleward temperature gradient. NAO+ patterns promote wind-driven advection, evaporative cooling, and increased albedo from enhanced Saharan dust transport and anthropogenic aerosols. SSTs across the subpolar gyre are regulated by strength of low pressure near Iceland and the associated wind-driven advection of cold surface water from the Labrador Sea. This is contrary to an interpretation that subpolar SSTs are driven by changes in ocean overturning circulation. We also find that North Pacific and global mean SST declines can be readily associated with the same volcanic triggers that affect the North Atlantic. Thus, external forcing from volcanic aerosols appears to underpin multi-decade SST variability observed in the historical record.
Seamless bathymetry and topography datasets for New South Wales, Australia
Authors: Wilson Kaya M. , Power Hannah E.
Published: June 2018

This paper describes three datasets of seamless bathymetry and coastal topography for Sydney Harbour (Port Jackson), Botany and Bate Bays, and the Hawkesbury River. The datasets used to form these compilations were the most recent and highest quality available to the authors and were originally collated using the software ESRI ArcGIS. The original compilation of this data was undertaken to support tsunami modelling research by the authors of this paper. Before processing, all data were adjusted and/or reprojected to conform to the vertical datum Australian Height Datum (AHD) and horizontal projection WGS84 UTM zone 56. Data resolution and density was highly variable and grid resolutions of the final datasets were selected as the highest resolutions possible using the most sparse data in the compilation in question. For areas where no data were available, the ESRI ArcGIS interpolation tool, Topo to Raster, was used to provide a best estimate. These dastasets of three important Australian waterways provide a useful tool for coastal research and scientific interest.
Sustainable data and metadata management at the BD2K-LINCS Data Coordination and Integration Center
Authors: Stathias Vasileios , Koleti Amar , Vidović Dušica , Cooper Daniel J. , Jagodnik Kathleen M. , Terryn Raymond , Forlin Michele , Chung Caty , Torre Denis , Ayad Nagi , Medvedovic Mario , Ma'ayan Avi , Pillai Ajay , Schürer Stephan C.
Published: June 2018

The NIH-funded LINCS Consortium is creating an extensive reference library of cell-based perturbation response signatures and sophisticated informatics tools incorporating a large number of perturbagens, model systems, and assays. To date, more than 350 datasets have been generated including transcriptomics, proteomics, epigenomics, cell phenotype and competitive binding profiling assays. The large volume and variety of data necessitate rigorous data standards and effective data management including modular data processing pipelines and end-user interfaces to facilitate accurate and reliable data exchange, curation, validation, standardization, aggregation, integration, and end user access. Deep metadata annotations and the use of qualified data standards enable integration with many external resources. Here we describe the end-to-end data processing and management at the DCIC to generate a high-quality and persistent product. Our data management and stewardship solutions enable a functioning Consortium and make LINCS a valuable scientific resource that aligns with big data initiatives such as the BD2K NIH Program and concords with emerging data science best practices including the findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable (FAIR) principles.
Harnessing the properties of colloidal quantum dots in luminescent solar concentrators
Authors: Zhou Yufeng , Zhao Haiguang , Ma Dongling , Rosei Federico
Published: June 2018

This review summarizes the recent progress, challenges and perspectives of luminescent solar concentrators based on colloidal quantum dots via harnessing their properties.
Relaxation dynamics of saturated and unsaturated oriented lipid bilayers
Authors: Nanda Hirsh , García Sakai Victoria , Khodadadi Sheila , Tyagi Madhu Sudan , Schwalbach Edwin J. , Curtis Joseph E.
Published: June 2018

Neutron spectroscopy experiments show differences in the dynamics at the atomic level and phase behavior between saturated DMPC and unsaturated DOPC, owing to the constraints imposed by the double bond in the latter.
A robust split-luciferase-based cell fusion screening for discovering myogenesis-promoting molecules
Authors: Li Qiaojing , Yoshimura Hideaki , Komiya Maki , Tajiri Ken , Uesugi Motonari , Hata Yutaka , Ozawa Takeaki
Published: June 2018

Screening by the luciferase complementation-based cell fusion assay discovered two myogenesis-promoting chemicals.
Unsupported metal silyl ether coordination
Authors: Pahl Jürgen , Elsen Holger , Friedrich Alexander , Harder Sjoerd
Published: June 2018

Silyl ethers surrender to magnesium: the very weak Lewis base hexamethyldisiloxane is forced to ligate a “naked” cationic Mg species. Agostic interactions and van der Waals attraction contribute to stability.
Correction: Topology meets MOF chemistry for pore-aperture fine tuning: ftw-MOF platform for energy-efficient separations via adsorption kinetics or molecular sieving
Authors: Xue Dong-Xu , Cadiau Amandine , Weseliński Łukasz J. , Jiang Hao , Bhatt Prashant M. , Shkurenko Aleksander , Wojtas Lukasz , Chen Zhijie , Belmabkhout Youssef , Adil Karim , Eddaoudi Mohamed
Published: June 2018

Correction for ‘Topology meets MOF chemistry for pore-aperture fine tuning: ftw-MOF platform for energy-efficient separations via adsorption kinetics or molecular sieving’ by Dong-Xu Xue et al., Chem. Commun., 2018, DOI: 10.1039/c8cc03841d.
Suppression of surfaces states at cubic perovskite (001) surfaces by CO2 adsorption
Authors: Sopiha Kostiantyn V. , Malyi Oleksandr I. , Persson Clas , Wu Ping
Published: June 2018

We investigate generic trends in CO2-induced suppression of states at perovskite surfaces and provide guidance for development of chemiresistive sensors.
Confinement of H2O and EtOH to enhance CO2capture in MIL-53(Al)-TDC
Authors: González-Martínez Gerardo A. , Jurado-Vázquez Tamara , Solís-Ibarra Diego , Vargas Brenda , Sánchez-González Elí , Martínez Ana , Vargas Rubicelia , González-Zamora Eduardo , Ibarra Ilich A.
Published: June 2018

EtOH adsorption–desorption properties of MIL-53(Al)-TDC along with the confinement of small amounts of water to enhance its CO2capture, and the reversible capture of iodine are presented in this article.
β-Ketoiminato-based copper(ii) complexes as CVD precursors for copper and copper oxide layer formation
Authors: Pousaneh Elaheh , Korb Marcus , Dzhagan Volodymyr , Weber Marcus , Noll Julian , Mehring Michael , Zahn Dietrich R. T. , Schulz Stefan. E. , Lang Heinrich
Published: June 2018

A series of mono- and dinuclear Cu(ii)-β-ketoiminato complexes as CVD precursors are discussed.
Magnetic layered perovskites of [CH3C(NH2)2]2[M(HCOO)4] (M = Co2+ and Ni2+): synthesis, structures and properties
Authors: Liu Shu , Wang Bing-Wu , Wang Zhe-Ming , Gao Song
Published: June 2018

Two layered perovskites of the formula [CH3C(NH2)2]2[M(HCOO)4] (M = Co and Ni) exhibit anisotropic thermal expansion behavior and weak ferromagnetism.
Two {ZnII2DyIII} complexes supported by monophenoxido/dicarboxylate bridges with multiple relaxation processes: carboxylato ancillary ligand-controlled magnetic anisotropy in square antiprismatic DyIII species
Authors: Li Min , Wu Haipeng , Wei Qing , Ke Hongshan , Yin Bing , Zhang Sheng , Lv Xingqiang , Xie Gang , Chen Sanping
Published: June 2018

Square antiprismatic {ZnII2DyIII} exhibits carboxylato ancillary ligand-controlled magnetic anisotropy and two relaxations in either magnetic dilution or undiluted samples.
Bipyrrolidine salan alkoxide complexes of lanthanides: synthesis, characterisation, activity in the polymerisation of lactide and mechanistic investigation by DOSY NMR
Authors: Beament James , Kociok-Köhn Gabriele , Jones Matthew D. , Buchard Antoine
Published: June 2018

Dimeric lanthanide alkoxide and hydroxide complexes with salan ligands have been prepared with Nd, Sm and Yb. Monitoring their activity in the polymerisation of lactide by 1H DOSY NMR reveals a dinuclear catalytic active species.
Metal complexes and nanoparticles for energy upconversion
Authors: Bergamini Giacomo , Ceroni Paola
Published: June 2018

Welcome to this issue of Dalton Transactions featuring the themed issue “Metal complexes and nanoparticles for energy upconversion”.
Percolation in networks of 1-dimensional objects: comparison between Monte Carlo simulations and experimental observations
Authors: Langley Daniel P. , Lagrange Mélanie , Nguyen Ngoc Duy , Bellet Daniel
Published: June 2018

This work directly compares the percolation threshold of silver nanowire networks to predictions from Monte Carlo simulations, focusing particularly on incorporating the impact of real world imperfections. This SEM image of silver nanowire networks compared to MATLAB simulation based on the physical characteristics of the sample.
Tuning the crystal structures of metal-tetraphenylporphines via a magnetic field
Authors: Chen Chen , He Xiao-Tong , Hong Dan-Li , Wang Jing-Wen , Luo Yang-Hui , Sun Bai-Wang
Published: June 2018

In this work, two new single crystals of copper-tetraphenylporphine (Cu-TPP) (crystals 2 and 3), which were induced by external magnetic fields with strengths of 0.5 and 0.8 T, respectively, have been prepared and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and Hirshfeld surface analysis.
A supramolecular hyperbranched polymer with multi-responsiveness constructed by pillar[5]arene-based host–guest recognition and its application in the breath figure method
Authors: Liu Yuezhou , Zhang Yingyi , Zhu Huangtianzhi , Wang Hu , Tian Wei , Shi Bingbing
Published: June 2018

A supramolecular gel with multi-responsiveness or honeycomb-patterned film was constructed by pillararene-based host–guest recognition.
One-pot, highly efficient, cavity controllable synthesis and binding properties of carbazole-based macrocycles with sulfonamide linkages
Authors: Zhu Deng-Jie , Ding Wen , Wang Dong-Hui , Xue Min , Yang Yong
Published: June 2018

A new type of carbazole-based sulfonamide macrocycle was synthesized efficiently in one single step.
Correction: A novel biomass-based support (Starbon) for TiO2 hybrid photocatalysts: a versatile green tool for water purification
Authors: Colmenares Juan Carlos , Lisowski Paweł , Łomot Dariusz
Published: June 2018

Correction for ‘A novel biomass-based support (Starbon) for TiO2 hybrid photocatalysts: a versatile green tool for water purification’ by Juan Carlos Colmenares et al., RSC Adv., 2013, 3, 20186–20192.
A vitamin C fuel cell with a non-bonded cathodic interface
Authors: Devendrachari Mruthyunjayachari Chattanahalli , Thimmappa Ravikumar , Bhat Zahid Manzoor , Shafi Shahid Pottachola , Nimbegondi Kotresh Harish Makri , Kottaichamy Alagar Raja , Venugopala Reddy Kallam Ramareddy , Thotiyl Musthafa Ottakam
Published: June 2018

Precious metal free hybrid vitamin C fuel cell redox flow battery.
Shaping monodispersed azo molecular glass microspheres using polarized light
Authors: Huang Hao , Su Yechao , Zhou Xinran , Liao Chuyi , Hsu Chungen , Du Yi , Xu Jianhong , Wang Xiaogong
Published: June 2018

This article reports a new approach to shape monodispersed azo molecular glass microspheres using polarized light and a mechanism behind this phenomenon.
Fate of uptaken host proteins in Taenia solium and Taenia crassiceps cysticerci
Authors: Flores-Bautista Jeanette , Navarrete-Perea José , Fragoso Gladis , Flisser Ana , Soberón Xavier , Laclette Juan P.
Published: June 2018

During the study of host–parasite relationships in taeniid parasite diseases, including cysticercosis and hydatidosis, reports have described the presence of host proteins in the cyst fluid and tissue of metacestodes. However, the fate or role of host elements inside the parasite remains barely explored. After the publication of genomes of four cestode species, it became clear that these organisms possess a limited biosynthetic capability. The initial goal of the present study was to determine if uptaken host proteins could be a source of essential amino acids for cysticerci. To track the utilization of uptaken proteins, we added metabolically labeled IgG-3H and GFP-3H to the culture medium of Taenia crassiceps cysticerci. Incorporation of labeled amino acid was evaluated by fluorography in cysticerci extracts. Our results showed that the use of uptaken proteins by cysticerci as a source of amino acids appeared negligible. Exploring alternative fates for the host proteins, proteomic analysis of the protein matrix in calcareous corpuscles was carried out. Since T. crassiceps does not contain calcareous corpuscles, proteomic analyses were performed in corpuscles of Taenia solium cysticerci. Our results demonstrated that host proteins represented approximately 70% of protein content in the calcareous corpuscles. The presence of the two major uptaken host proteins, namely albumin and IgG, was also demonstrated by Western blot in the matrix of corpuscles. Our findings strongly suggested that the uptake and disposal of host proteins involve calcareous corpuscles, expanding the physiological role of these mineral concretions to a far more important level than previously proposed.
Graphite carbon coated TiN nanoparticles as high durable oxygen reduction reaction catalyst in alkaline electrolyte
Authors: Liang Ce , Tao Nian , Wang Bowen , Lin Sen , Lei Ming
Published: June 2018

The novel composite structure of TiN nanoparticles enclosed by graphite carbon coating (TiN/C) has been successfully prepared through a facile one‐step solid state method under N2 atmosphere using the TiO2 powder and melamine as raw materials. TiN nanoparticles with size ranging from 12 to 15 nm are covered by filmy graphite carbon layer, and their electrocatalytic properties towards oxygen reduction are further investigated. Benefiting from the surface chemical bonding of oxide and oxynitride components, TiN/C nanocomposite exhibit a considerable catalytic activity. The current density of TiN/C nanocomposite (4.65 mA cm−2 at 0.2 V) is comparable to that of commercial Pt/C catalyst, in spite of a little more negative gap in onset potential. Moreover, the TiN/C nanocomposite has excellent long time durability and methanol tolerant performance with the protection of graphite carbon coating.
The disc origin of the Milky Way bulge
Authors: Fragkoudi F. , Di Matteo P. , Haywood M. , Schultheis M. , Khoperskov S. , Gómez A. , Combes F.
Published: June 2018

There is a long-standing debate over the origin of the metal-poor stellar populations of the Milky Way (MW) bulge, with the two leading scenarios being that these populations are either (i) part of a classical metal-poor spheroid or (ii) the same population as the chemically defined thick disc seen at the solar neighbourhood. Here we test whether the latter scenario can reproduce the observed chemical properties of the MW bulge. To do so we compare an N-body simulation of a composite (thin+thick) stellar disc – which evolves secularly to form a bar and a boxy/peanut (b/p) bulge – to data from APOGEE DR13. This model, in which the thick disc is massive and centrally concentrated, can reproduce the morphology of the metal-rich and metal-poor stellar populations in the bulge, as well as the mean metallicity and [α/Fe] maps as obtained from the APOGEE data. It also reproduces the trends, in both longitude and latitude, of the bulge metallicity distribution function (MDF). Additionally, we show that the model predicts small but measurable azimuthal metallicity variations in the inner disc due to the differential mapping of the thin and thick disc in the bar. We therefore see that the chemo-morphological relations of stellar populations in the MW bulge are naturally reproduced by mapping the thin and thick discs of the inner MW into a b/p.
Lightweight concrete with copper slag waste as sand substitution
Authors: Jaskulski Roman , Kubissa Wojciech
Published: June 2018

The paper presents results of tests of lightweight concrete made with copper slag waste material as fine aggregate (fraction 0 – 2 mm) and two types of light aggregate (fractions > 2 mm). Six series of concrete with three w/c ratios (0.50, 0.55 and 0.60) and two variants of cement content (200 kg/m3and 300 kg/m3) were manufactured. Reference concretes were also prepared in which copper slag waste was replaced by the same mass of river sand. To maintain similar densities of mixtures with copper slag in comparison to those with sand mutual proportions of both lightweight aggregates were modified. On concrete specimens compressive strength was tested as well as the open porosity was determined by drying to stable mass at 65°C. The concrete bulk density in saturated and dried state was also determined using hydrostatic weighing. The obtained results were compared with the results of the reference concrete tests. Results have shown that replacing sand with copper slag waste in lightweight concrete does not negatively affect their strength but may slightly increase their porosity.
Influence of Load-bearing Structure on Size of Bonded Facade Cladding
Authors: Liška Pavel , Nečasová Barbora , Šlanhof Jiří
Published: June 2018

Architecture has been an integral part of our lives ever since people first existed. Structures are required by both investors and society to have what is considered a highly modern appearance while maintaining elements of a long service life. To meet such requirements, it is necessary to use modern technologies and materials. Bonded joints represent one of the options. Unlike with mechanical joints, it is possible to use bonded joints to anchor large format cladding panels to bearing substructures of various shapes and sizes. The design is simple, but very technically demanding to implement. One of the factors which have an impact on both the design and its implementation is the bearing substructure itself. As part of a research project, a load bearing substructure made from wood and aluminium alloy was tested. The test results prove that the mechanical properties of the materials used, especially their thermal and moisture expansion, directly influence the size of the cladding. In the case of a bearing substructure made from wood, the cladding may be larger by several percentage points than in the case of a bearing substructure made from aluminium alloy.