bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Digital twin assisted multi‐task offloading for vehicular edge computing under SAGIN with blockchain
Authors: Chen Qiyong , Li Chunhai , Chen Mingfeng , Wu Maoqiang , Zhang Gen
Published: February 2025

To better provide fast computing services, vehicular edge computing can improve the quality of service and quality of experience for intelligent transportation in 6G by reducing task transmission delay. However, vehicular edge networks face network capability limitations and privacy issues in practice. High‐speed vehicles and the time‐varying environment make them unpredictable. In the meantime, smart vehicles with distinct computation capabilities need to process various tasks with different resource requirements, which will inevitably cause untimely task offloading and massive energy consumption. This paper proposes to use the space‐air‐ground integrated network with blockchain to enhance the network capability and the privacy protection of vehicular edge networks. The digital twin is taken to better capture the dynamic characteristics of vehicles and the entire environment. The urgency level is introduced to meet the delay requirements of different tasks, while considering the impact of digital twin deviation on task offloading. Moreover, the selection algorithm and the task distribution algorithm based on the improved genetic algorithmare are proposed to obtain the optimal offloading strategy. Simulation results demonstrate that, compared with the existing algorithms, the proposed scheme can maximize the system utility while diminishing the total time for task processing.
StackAHTPs: An explainable antihypertensive peptides identifier based on heterogeneous features and stacked learning approach
Authors: Ghulam Ali , Arif Muhammad , Unar Ahsanullah , A. Thafar Maha , Albaradei Somayah , Worachartcheewan Apilak
Published: February 2025

Hypertension, often known as high blood pressure, is a major concern to millions of individuals globally. Recent studies have demonstrated the significant efficacy of naturally derived peptides in reducing blood pressure. Hypertension is one of the risks associated with cardiovascular disorders and other health problems. Naturally sourced bioactive peptides possessing antihypertensive properties provide considerable potential as viable substitutes for conventional pharmaceutical medications. Currently, thorough examination of antihypertensive peptide (AHTPs), by using traditional wet‐lab methods is highly expensive and labours. Therefore, in‐silico approaches especially machine‐learning (ML) algorithms are favourable due to saving time and cost in the discovery of AHTPs. In this study, a novel ML‐based predictor, called StackAHTP was developed for predicting accurate AHTPs from sequence only. The proposed method, utilise two types of feature descriptors Pseudo‐Amino Acid Composition and Dipeptide Composition to encode the local and global hidden information from peptide sequences. Furthermore, the encoded features are serially merged and ranked through SHapley Additive explanations (SHAP) algorithm. Then, the top ranked are fed into three different ensemble classifiers (Bagging, Boosting, and Stacking) for enhancing the prediction performance of the model. The StackAHTPs method achieved superior performance compare to other ML classifiers (AdaBoost, XGBoost and Light Gradient Boosting (LightGBM), Bagging and Boosting) on 10‐fold cross validation and independent test. The experimental outcomes demonstrate that our proposed method outperformed the existing methods and achieved an accuracy of 92.25% and F1‐score of 89.67% on independent test for predicting AHTPs and non‐AHTPs. The authors believe this research will remarkably contribute in predicting large‐scale characterisation of AHTPs and accelerate the drug discovery process. At https://github.com/ali‐ghulam/StackAHTPs you may find datasets features used.
The role of cloud particle properties in the WASP-39b transmission spectrum based on JWST/NIRSpec observations
Authors: Roy-Perez J. , Pérez-Hoyos S. , Barrado-Izagirre N. , Chen-Chen H.
Published: February 2025

Context. Aerosols are capable of having a huge influence on reflected, emitted, and transmitted planetary spectra, especially at wavelengths similar to their average sizes, but also extending to much longer and shorter wavelengths. The Near InfraRed Spectrograph (NIRSpec) using the PRISM mode on board the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) is providing valuable data of transit spectra over a wide spectral range that is able to cover the whole contribution of aerosols, potentially disentangling them from other constituents, and thus allowing us to constrain their properties.

Aims. Our aim was to investigate whether NIRSpec/PRISM JWST transmission spectroscopy observations, in addition to being useful for detecting and determining the abundance of gases more accurately than any previous instruments, are also capable of studying the physical properties of the aerosols in exoplanetary atmospheres.

Methods. We performed nested sampling Bayesian retrievals with the MultiNest library. We used the Planetary Spectrum Generator (PSG) and the Modelled Optical Properties of enSeMbles of Aerosol Particles (MOPSMAP) database as tools for the forward simulations and previously published NIRSpec/PRISM JWST observations of WASP-39b as input data.

Results. Retrievals indicate that models including an aerosol extinction weakly increasing or sharply decreasing with wavelength are decisively better than those with a flat transmission and that this increased degree of complexity is supported by the kind of data that JWST/NIRSpec can provide. Given other physical constraints from previous works, the scenario of weakly increasing particle extinction is favoured. We find that this also has an effect on the retrieved gas abundances.

Conclusions. JWST observations give us the potential to study some physical characteristics of exoplanetary clouds, in particular their overall dependence of transmissivity on wavelength. It is important to implement more detailed aerosol models as their extinction may affect significantly retrieved molecular abundances.
Three fast-rotating Jovian trojans identified by TESS set new population density limits
Authors: Kiss Cs. , Takács N. , Kalup Cs. E. , Szakáts R. , Molnár L. , Plachy E. , Sárneczky K. , Szabó R. , Szabó Gy. M. , Bódi A. , Pál A.
Published: February 2025

We report on the identification of the three fastest rotating Jovian trojans with reliable population assignments known to date, discovered using light curve data from the Transiting Exoplanet Satellite Survey mission and confirmed by Zwicky Transient Facility data. For two of our targets the rotation periods are moderately below the previously accepted ∼5 h Jovian trojan breakup limit (4.26 and 4.75 h); however, the rotation period of (13383) was found to be P = 2.926 h, leading to a density estimate of ρ ≈1.6 g cm−3, higher than the generally accepted ≲1 g cm−3 density limit of Jovian trojans. If associated with lower densities, this rotation rate requires considerable cohesion, of the order of a few kilopascals. The relatively high albedo (pV ≈ 0.11) and fast rotation suggest that (13383) may have undergone an energetic collision that spun up the body and exposed bright material to the surface.
Thermal Distribution Mapping and Its Role in Informing Fatigue Life Predictions of FRP Patrol Vessels
Authors: Rachman Daudy Kevinaura , Zubaydi Achmad , Ismail Abdi , Ariesta Rizky Chandra , Pratikno Herman , Putra Nicky Rahmana , Murwatono Totok Triputrastyo
Published: February 2025

Fiberglass Reinforced Plastic (FRP) composites are extensively used in maritime applications due to their high strength-to-weight ratio, corrosion resistance, and adaptability to complex designs. However, the effects of operational thermal conditions on FRP’s viscoelastic properties and fatigue life remain understudied, particularly in tropical environments. This study focuses on determining the temperature range for Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA) testing by analyzing the thermal distribution of an FRP patrol vessel operating in Bangka Belitung waters. Thermal simulations using Ansys Steady State Thermal and Finite Element Analysis (FEA) identified critical zones on the vessel. The maximum temperature, approximately 70°C, was observed near the engine bulkhead in the stern area. However, this study focuses on load-bearing regions experiencing significant thermal and mechanical stresses, where temperatures range between 35°C to 45°C. These values were selected for DMA testing to evaluate FRP’s viscoelastic behavior under operationally relevant conditions. The results highlight how localized thermal gradients affect FRP’s structural performance and provide critical input parameters for future fatigue life studies. By integrating thermal analysis with the selection of operational temperature ranges, this study offers a robust framework to enhance the design and reliability of FRP patrol vessels in tropical maritime environments.
Importance-performance analysis of tourist perceptions on security services and safety facilities in Nusa Penida, Indonesia
Authors: Wahyuni Siska Dwi , Rahman Ari , Suhardono Sapta
Published: February 2025

This study employs an Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA) to evaluate tourist perceptions of safety measures in Nusa Penida, Indonesia. By assessing the importance and performance of various safety-related indicators such as hazard signs, safety standards, accident first aid, information boards, and CCTV, the study aims to identify strengths and areas for improvement in local safety management. Data were collected from a sample of 60 tourists and analyzed using paired sample t-tests to compare the perceived importance and actual performance of each safety measure. The findings reveal that while essential services like hazard signs and safety standards are both highly valued and well-executed, other areas such as information dissemination via information boards are recognized as underperforming. The study highlights the need for strategic adjustments in resource allocation and emphasizes enhancing communication tools to improve overall tourist safety and satisfaction. The results provide actionable insights for tourism operators and local government agencies to refine safety protocols and improve the effectiveness of safety measures, thereby enhancing the destination’s appeal and ensuring a safer experience for all visitors.
Phytomining Potential of Jatropha curcas and Sansevieria trifasciata for Chromium (Cr) and Vanadium (V) Uptake from Red Mud Amended with Sludge-Manure Mixture
Authors: Adjie Praja Ardin , Voijant Tangahu Bieby , Yulikasari Andriyan , Arliyani Isni , Mashudi  , Titah Harmin Sulistyaning , Ramadhani Muhammad Alif , Fauziah Natasya Febriani , Lam Yeng Ming , Wang Yamin , In Hurun , Soesilo Mery Maryanawati
Published: February 2025

The rapid growth of the alumina industry has significantly increased red mud production, with each ton of alumina yielding 0.8 to 1.5 tons of this byproduct. Red mud is a highly alkaline residue produced during bauxite refining, containing various metals including chromium (Cr) and vanadium (V), which pose significant environmental risks if not properly treated. Effective management and valorization of red mud are essential to mitigate environmental contamination and exploit its economic potential. Phytomining, a bioremediation strategy utilizing hyperaccumulator plants, offers a promising method for extracting economically valuable metals from red mud. This study investigates the phytomining capacity of Jatropha curcas and Sansevieria trifasciata to uptake Cr and V from red mud amended with a 5% sludge-manure mixture. The experiment was conducted over a 28-day period, during which both species were cultivated in red mud media with the amendment. The phytomining capacity of the plants was determined by measuring the metal accumulation, analyzed on days 0, 14, and 28 using acid digestion and ICP-OES analysis. Results showed that both plant species preferentially accumulated metals in their root systems rather than in their aerial parts. Jatropha curcas absorbed 1.6 mg/kg of Cr and 2.9 mg/kg of V, while
Sansevieria trifasciata exhibited higher uptake, with 2.5 mg/kg of Cr and 4 mg/kg of V. These findings highlight the phytomining potential of these species in recovering valuable metals from red mud.
A Study on Stability and Passenger Capacity of Traditional River and Lake Boats
Authors: Hasanudin  , Dwi Saputra Aditya , Nugroho Yulianto Ardi
Published: February 2025

Traditional boats are vital for many Indonesians, particularly river and lake passenger boats, which are essential transportation links in specific regions. However, the absence of regulated passenger capacity limits has compromised safety standards. This study aims to determine safe passenger capacities for river and lake boats through shipping risk and stability analyses. Using the minimum passenger area requirements from the Indonesian National Standard (SNI) and stability criteria from the Indonesian Classification Bureau (BKI), passenger capacities were calculated for various boat types across four waters: Lake Matano, the Mahakam River, the Indragiri River, and the Musi River. Boat lengths varied from 3 to 15 meters, and widths varied from 1 to 4.5 meters. The analysis of 15x4.5 meter boats shows that the speed boat is the most stable (134.7 kN.m) and accommodates the most passengers (56 people), the trimaran offers the most significant space despite having the lowest stability (62.0 kN.m), the long boat has the largest passenger area, and the catamaran has the lowest capacity (36 people). This research provides a framework for determining minimum passenger capacities based on boat dimensions and types, contributing to improved river and lake transportation safety standards in Indonesia.
Understanding community willingness to participate in community-based sanitation programs: Insights from Labuan Bajo, Indonesia
Authors: Sofiyah Evi Siti , Rafida Hanifa Athaya , Caesarina Naila Putri
Published: February 2025

This study investigates factors influencing community participation in adaptive environmental management programs in Labuan Bajo, Indonesia. Data from 477 residents were analyzed using binary logistic and probit regression models to evaluate the significance of sanitation infrastructure and community engagement. Results show that the presence of septic tanks (p<0.05 Logit; p<0.01 Probit) and proper maintenance (p<0.05 in both models) significantly enhance participation, emphasizing the importance of robust sanitation systems. Public toilets also positively impact participation (p<0.01 Logit; p<0.05 Probit), underscoring their role in public health promotion. Conversely, fecal sludge management shows no significant effect, highlighting a need for greater awareness. Community engagement is pivotal, with membership in local organizations (p<0.01 Logit; p<0.05 Probit) and involvement in sanitation teams (p<0.01 in both models) positively influencing participation. Educational outreach, particularly extension services (p<0.001 in both models) and training (p<0.01 in both models), emerges as a key driver, demonstrating the importance of knowledge dissemination. These findings offer actionable insights for policymakers to enhance community involvement in sanitation programs, particularly in coastal regions with similar characteristics.
Rural wealth creation strategy on coastal villages in Indonesia (Case Study: Weru village, Lamongan)
Authors: Halim Ivandy , Budi Santoso Eko
Published: February 2025

Rural Wealth Creation (RWC) can be considered how developing a rural economy, by increasing its potential including physical, financial, natural, human resources, and social, leads to self-sufficiency. Those also affect other factors such as infrastructure and creating opportunities for different villages and their people to grow and develop in villages. This research is purposed to show how implementing a rural economy is based on the RWC concept, with its locus focusing on coastal villages in Indonesia, especially Weru village, located on the north coast of Lamongan. Weru Village in Paciran District is one of the fishing centers in the Lamongan Regency where the dominant catch is fish. Data on this research is collected by multimethod approaches, which include Delphi analysis based on an interview with a stakeholder, and another interview with fishermen based on probabilistic sampling to determine factors that influence them. Stakeholder analysis was carried out to determine the actors who have influence and interest in the development of coastal villages. It is followed by identifying its advantages, disadvantages, and effectiveness in its implementation based on in-depth interviews. This leads to the policy-making process of giving strategies for developing the rural coastal economy in Weru village.
Drivers that motivate participation in mangrove forest management among the local people at Barangay Lasang, Davao City, Philippines
Authors: Jadloc Johanne Astrid , Legaspina Thecil , Gabrinao Wayne Pascual , Gorgonio Charlyn
Published: February 2025

Mangrove forests, which are vital for biodiversity, climate regulation, and storm buffering, have lost half their global cover over the past century, emphasizing the essential role of local communities and indigenous peoples in their ecological management. Hence, this study aimed to generate insights and strategies to enhance local participation in mangrove forest management. This study employed a descriptive-correlational research design, and data were collected through a 100% survey of Tambongon Fisherfolks Association (TAMFIAS) members. A structured questionnaire assessed participation levels and drivers influencing mangrove forest management. Results showed a mean average participation score of 4.17, indicating frequent engagement in mangrove forest management activities. Among the drivers tested, monetary-related benefits such as the provision of financial benefits, enhanced career-related skills, and stabilized job emerged as the strongest driver (r=0.27) in mangrove forest management participation, followed by perceived ecological values (r=0.25) and ecological knowledge (r=0.24). Contrarily, nonmonetary-related benefits such as making friends, improving environmental quality, and strengthening relationships hold the weakest influence (r=0.14). The correlation between drivers that motivate participation and participation levels had a weak but positive relationship (r=0.29). Therefore, the study recommends project planners in Barangay Lasang incorporate monetary incentives during mangrove management initiatives to boost local involvement.
Improving a Coffee Cooperative Operations Using Online Traceability Systems
Authors: Dana Karningsih Putu , Santhi Dewi Dyah , Kusumawardani Rindi , Salsabila Akhmad Rana
Published: February 2025

Coffee plays a significant role for many smallholder farmers as their source of income. Global practices in the coffee business need quality assurance, and safety across its supply chain, which could be facilitated through traceability systems. Tracking coffee from the producer to the consumer could encourage eco-friendly farming practices and empower consumers with insights to make ethical purchasing choices. Therefore, traceability systems support coffee business requirements and environmental sustainability across its value chain. Wonosalam coffee cooperative, a group of coffee farmers and producers in Indonesia, has started providing simple traceability reports to comply with customer requirements. The report is manually hand-written on the coffee package directly. To better manage the growing coffee business complexity and provide a proper report to customers, this study proposes to develop a mobile phone-based traceability with a QR code system. This application is developed using a User-Centered-Design approach to ensure its suitability to coffee cooperative member requirements. The application has passed the user test with a high user satisfaction level, based on the System Usability Scale. This traceability system application is then extended with quality control and assurance features that enable coffee cooperative members to monitor and improve their business seamlessly.
Circular Economy Adoption on Coffee Production: Case study of a Coffee Cooperatives Farmer in Indonesia
Authors: Dana Karningsih Putu , Ciptomulyono Udisubakti , Suef Mokh , Nabilah Inastika
Published: February 2025

The coffee industry in Indonesia contributes 16.15% to the plantation sector’s GDP. As coffee production increases, it leads to a rise in its waste, which can pollute the environment. Coffee waste could be processed into cosmetic ingredients, bioethanol, briquettes, cascara tea, fertilizer, and animal feed. This study aims to compare three scenarios of processing coffee husk waste into cascara tea, fertilizer, and animal feed based on economic and environmental perspectives. It evaluates the environmental and economic impacts of implementing a circular economy in the coffee and livestock industries using Life Cycle Assessment and Benefit and Cost Analysis. The use of Life Cycle Assessment to calculate environmental impacts, while Benefit and Cost Analysis aids in calculating economic impacts. The scenario of processing waste into fertilizer and animal feed was chosen because it has the best value using the Goal Programming method. This research provides insights into the application of circular economy to enhance the sustainability of coffee industry and other agriculture sectors in Indonesia.
Chemical Composition of Liquid Smoke from Mangrove Leaves: Potential Aphrodisiac Effects and Implications for Coastal Ecosystem Sustainability
Authors: Ratnani Rita D. , Mulangsri Dewi A. K. , Muhyi Ahmad , Meilani Dwi , Muhaimin Wahid , Arifan Fahmi , Steven Soen , Arianti Forita D.
Published: February 2025

This study investigates the chemical composition of liquid smoke derived from mangrove leaves (
Avicenna marina) and explores the bioactive compounds with potential aphrodisiac effects, aiming to promote coastal ecosystem sustainability. Mangrove leaves were chosen due to their abundance in coastal areas and their ecological significance in maintaining ecosystem balance. The liquid smoke production process involved pyrolysis at various temperatures to determine the optimal conditions for extracting bioactive compounds. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis revealed that the liquid smoke dominantly consists of phenolic compounds, organic acids, and esters, potentially contributing to aphrodisiac effects. The temperature alteration from 100-200°C to 200-300°C also enhances the composition of organic acids (42.39-42.56%) and phenols (6.22-9.51%). From a sustainability perspective, utilizing mangrove leaves for liquid smoke production can aid in coastal ecosystem conservation by reducing organic waste and enhancing the economic value of mangrove-based products. This study can support the development of environmentally friendly and economically viable coastal resources, contributing to both ecosystem preservation and local economic growth.
A Comparative Study of Ground-Based and Drone-Based GPR: Opportunities, Challenges, and Applications in Bromo, Indonesia
Authors: Jannah Afni Nur , Paramita Eksi Galih Kenya , Zukhrufah Syabibah Zakiyya , Rochman Juan Pandu Gya Nur , Azhali Firmansyah Maulana
Published: February 2025

A drone-based GPR offers improved mobility and accessibility for subsurface exploration while delivering high-resolution detection of objects and soil layers, particularly in challenging areas. This study compares the performance and limitations of ground-based and drone-based GPR by analyzing their responses to surface condition using GPR radargrams. Data were collected from the Bromo-Tengger Caldera, East Java, Indonesia, using a 150 MHz antenna for drone-based GPR and a 500 MHz antenna for ground-based GPR. Data processing included filters like static correction, bandpass, gain, background removal, FK-filter, and time-to-depth conversion, with additional steps like time cut and trace editing for drone-based GPR. The results of ground-based GPR data appeared more random, with less distinct reflectors due to surface conditions like vegetation and rough terrain, despite noise filtering. Drone-based GPR faced challenges such as greater static correction due to higher altitude, and deviations from planned paths caused by GPS errors. The study concludes that both methods have unique strengths and weaknesses, and the choice between them should be based on the survey area’s conditions and project goals.
Demands and Material Flow of Recycled Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) in Indonesia
Authors: Evtriyandani  , Warmadewanthi IDAA , Pratama Jeesica Hermayanti , Sekuła Paulina Magdalena
Published: February 2025

It has been a resultant factor behind population growth leading up to increased consumption and demand for fast-moving consumer goods. Higher consumption fosters industrial growth but simultaneously increases plastic waste generation, one of which is polyethylene Terephthalate (PET). PET is widely applied as a packaging material due to its recyclable nature and affordability. Recycled PET functions as a substitute for raw materials produced directly from petroleum. This research aims to analyze the current PET recycling rates to substitute the demand for virgin PET materials in Indonesia. The material flow analysis in this study used the STAN 2.7 application with data sources from the literature and the Central Bureau of Statistics of the Republic of Indonesia. From this research, the consumption of PET in Indonesia is about 1 million tons annually. The bottled water industry is the major consuming of around 300,000 tonnes annually. Recycled PET can provide only 17% of the plastic PET plastic demand. Half of the PET is provided by imported virgin materials. Public-private-government collaboration considers promoting recycling and increasing proper waste management. The findings could act as evaluative tools indicating that the recycling rate can be enhanced to reduce the dependence on virgin material imports.
Biogas production from modification of food waste anaerobic digestion process
Authors: Fathia Khairunnisa Chantika , Warmadewanthi IDAA , Vu Bich Hanh Dang
Published: February 2025

Food waste is Indonesia’s largest solid waste composition, and most of it is disposed of directly into landfills. Food waste is a suitable substrate for anaerobic digestion. This study was conducted to examine the effect of adding mixed cultures of methanogen bacteria (MCB) on food waste anaerobic digestion. Variables used in this study were the percentage of MCB added and its addition frequency. The quantity of MCB added is calculated based on the percentage of MCB to the solid waste weight, which is 10%, 30%, and 50%. The frequency of MCB added is every 10 and 15 days. The addition was carried out starting on day 0. Results of this study showed that the variation of 50% MCB added every 15 days had the highest biogas cumulative production, up to 201.5 liters. The result showed that the anaerobic process was under mesophilic conditions, varying from 28-30°C. Moisture content was increased with the addition of MCB. Temperature, pH, moisture content, and C/N ratio testing were also examined at the end of the study to determine the result product quality. It was shown that moisture content and C/N value were still high, which explains that the anaerobic degradation has not been done yet.
Effect of feeding rate and composition for bioconversion of wastewater treatment plant sludge from the milk and creamer processing industries using black soldier fly larvae
Authors: Ursada Riang , Bagastyo Arseto Yekti , Purnomo Alfan
Published: February 2025

Wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) produces sludge deposits needing further treatment and handling to prevent pollution. Food and beverage industry sludge, rich in organic matter and nutrients, serves as a biomass source. Black Soldier Fly Larvae (BSFL) have degraded various organic materials, transforming nutritious organic waste into high-quality protein biomass. BSFL potentially converts sludge when mixed with other nutrient sources like food waste. This study analyzes the effect of feeding rate and composition on BSFL bioconversion of milk and creamer industrial sludge. The sludge was collected from the creamer processing industry after screw and filter pressing, and the milk processing industry after belt pressing. The substrates contained sludge, mixed fruit-vegetable wastes, and protein wastes (i.e., shrimps and fish wastes), with various ratio of 60:20:20, 60:10:30, 40:30:30, 40:20:40, 40:10:50, 50:25:25, 50:20:30, 50:10:40, and 70:15:15 (in dry weight percentage). Moisture content was kept at 65-85% and pH at 6.5-7. Feeding rates of 10, 20, and 30 mg dry matter/larva/day were assessed. Creamer processing industrial sludge, particularly from filter press is preferable for larval growth than the milk industry. The highest larva weight was obtained from substrates containing mixed fruit-vegetable wastes:fish wastes ratio of 1:1, with the addition of creamer and milk sludge of 50%, i.e., 0.250 gram WM/larva after 17 days of growth. In addition, with the recommended feeding rate is 10-20 mg dry matter/larva/day, the sludges can be bio-converted using BSFL by combining it with food wastes at around 40-60%. This offers alternatives for the treatment and handling of industrial waste sludges.
Identification of Subsurface for Grounding Installation System Using Geoelectrical Method: Case Study of Waru Substation, Sidoarjo, East Java
Authors: Khoirunida Anisatu Ainun , Rochman Juan Pandu Gya Nur , Bahri Ayi Syaeful
Published: February 2025

In the substation planning process, a study of subsurface conditions is needed for a good grounding system. Therefore, information on soil resistivity values is needed that can be used as a reference for related parties to carry out development, which is to determine the grounding locations. This research is to identify the recommended and optimal grounding depth point in the case study of Waru Substation, Sidoarjo, East Java. A good soil for grounding installation is to have a resistivity of less than 1 Ohm. In this research, 2D geoelectric method is used to determine the subsurface resistivity value. The configuration used in this measurement uses Wenner-Schlumberger which is a combination of the Schlumberger configuration which has sensitivity to vertical layer changes and the Wenner configuration which is sensitive to horizontal layer changes. In addition, measurements were also made using the Three Point Method to measure the soil resistance value of the research area, then compared with the resistance value measured using the 2D geoelectric method. The output produced in 2D geoelectric measurements is in the form of apparent resistivity values which will then be processed using Least Square inversion to obtain 2D cross-section modeling. The value and 2D resistivity cross section are a reference for interpretation of where the appropriate depth is for grounding installation. The results of the 2D resistivity cross section show that the subsurface layer is water saturated wet clay with a resistivity value of 0 Ωm -2 Ωm and wet clay with a resistivity value of 3 Ωm - 6 Ωm. Optimal grounding installation occurs at 7 meters depth with 0 Ωm -2 Ωm resistivity in moist soil. Grounding electrode measurements that have been installed on switchyard components can validate each other with the results of 2D cross-section interpretation in determining the optimal grounding depth.
Utilization of Bathymetry Data and Backscatter in Geohazard Identification Process at Drilling Stage
Authors: Hana Hariyanto Irena , Khomsin  , Nyoman Dimas Adhi I , Rachmat Anggara , Rashieka Noer Kayla
Published: February 2025

The Indonesian people’s need for energy supply has increased in recent years, and hydrocarbon production has been intensified to meet these needs. Exploration on land or at sea is not an obstacle to obtaining the hydrocarbons sought; both are subject to the presence of geohazards. This study was conducted to determine the seabed features conditions that potentially become geohazards and to provide recommendations for the jack-up rig line selection. The purpose of this research is, in line with the Sustainable Development Goals, to prevent and significantly reduce marine pollution of all kinds. The acoustic instruments used were Single Beam Echosounder, Multibeam Echosounder, and Side Scan Sonar. The seabed depth varied from 22-23.9 m with a nearly flat morphology and local slope of 0°-2°. The main features identified include exposed pipes, jack-up rig footprints, a spud-can drag scar, and a seabed scar. The sediment distribution showed a predominance of soft-textured clay. Using the weighting combined with the slope value and the presence of geohazard potential features, it is recommended that the jack-up rig enter through the Northeast-East side of the platform to improve operational safety and reduce potential accidents such as exposed pipelines and subsea cables and clusters of seabed scars.
Shoreline Stability Analysis At Merah Putih Beach, Bangkalan Regency
Authors: Dyah Ambarwati Rieke , Dwi Siswanto Aries
Published: February 2025

Shorelines serve as a key indicator in monitoring environmental changes in coastal areas. Shorelines can change over various time periods, triggering coastal abrasion or accretion which can be detrimental. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct research on shoreline changes to minimize the losses that occur. The main objective of this study is to estimate abrasion based on Net Shoreline Movement, Endpoint Rate, and Shoreline Change Envelope. The quantitative approach utilizes remote sensing technology using the Normalized Difference Water Index algorithm, while the statistical approach uses data analysis obtained from the Digital Shoreline Analysis System method. This research was analyzed using Landsat 8 satellite images over a 12-year period (2013-2024). The results showed that shoreline changes at Merah Putih Beach, Bangkalan Regency during the 2013-2024 period indicated abrasion with an average shoreline distance of 14.99 meters and with an average rate of 1.37 m / year. According to the classification of the coastline in DSAS statistics, the two segments with a value of 0.511 meters / year and -0.768 meters / year are included in the moderate abrasion category. So that the beach during the 12-year period experienced a stable condition with a significant beach dynamics profile.
Analysis of Total Suspended Solid at Merah Putih Beach, Bangkalan Regency
Authors: Dwi Putra Ardhana Satria , Dwi Siswanto Aries
Published: February 2025

Total Suspended Solid (TSS) is the phenomenon of transporting solid particles both organic and inorganic on water column which can be an initial parameter in determining water quality. Merah Putih Beach is located in the Madura Strait, which has an active shipping pathway. We used the Gravimetric method to determine the concentration of TSS. We also applied the advances of remote sensing technology for Landsat-8 using Google Earth Engine and based on Jaelani algorithm. The algorithm is considered quite efficient because it only takes a short time and gets maximum results in TSS visualization. Merah Putih Beach has a TSS value 250 - 1508 mg/l. The result of validation for the algorithm estimation obtained an RMSE 866,51 mg/l and R square 0,1076. The advanced empirical modelling tests reveal the Polynomial mathematical equation had a smaller RMSE and a larger R square of 82,34 mg/l and 0.4468. The visualization results show a difference and have a value that is close to the actual TSS.
Freshwater Quality Analysis Based on RRA and Thailand River Protocol in Wonorejo River, Surabaya and Dlundung River, Mojokerto, East Java
Authors: Octafiani Vira , Sharma Subodh , Desmawati Iska , Ekawati  , Donny Rheznanya , Rakha Arya , Dzar Widyabadra Abi
Published: February 2025

Freshwater rivers are one of Indonesia’s most important water courses, traversing diverse landscapes from mountainous to coastal areas, and playing vital role in providing clean drinking water sources, and maintaining rich and diverse biodiversity across aquatic ecosystems. However, nowadays these rivers are increasingly threatened by various factors, such as increasing pollution, massive deforestation, and climate change, which have significant impacts on environmental sustainability and health. In this context, biomonitoring can be an effective tool to evaluate the health of aquatic ecosystems by utilizing the presence of living organisms in these waters as biological indicators. The method used in this study is to evaluate through scoring invertebrates found in freshwaters rivers. The evaluator determines the relevant parameters, classifies the categories of environmental conditions, defines the area to be evaluated, and assiggns a score to each parameter analyzed with the result being a Water Quality Index (WQI). This scoring result obtained from Dlundung showed score of 79, where 12 diverse animal types were found and resulted WQI of 6.5, which moderately clean category. Whereas, the Wonorejo showed score only 11 and 3 type of animals were found, and had WQI of 3.67, indicating the water in the river was classified as dirty.
Life prediction analysis of patrol vessel made from FRP with variations of wave height and wave direction
Authors: Octaviano Noel , Zubaydi Achmad , Ismail Abdi , Ariesta Rizky Chandra , Pratikno Herman , Rahmana Putra Nicky , Triputrastyo Murwatono Totok
Published: February 2025

The Fiber Reinforced Plastic (FRP) material used in ships has advantages such as lighter weight, resistance to corrosion, and lower maintenance costs. However, transitioning from materials like steel and aluminum, commonly used in production, requires knowledge of the lifetime of FRP as a ship structure, allowing for an estimation of how long the ship can operate. Additionally, predicting the ship’s lifetime is also necessary to meet ship safety factors. This study employs numerical testing using the Finite Element Method to predict lifetime of patrol boats in Bangka Belitung waters. Wave height variations (0.5-2 meters) and wave direction (following sea, head sea, and beam sea) are considered at a constant speed of 22 knots. Fatigue life calculation is done by determining the bending moment load at various wave heights. The bending moment is in an Ansys static structural analysis to calculate stress and deformation. The highest stress occurs in the stern frame with the value of 18.347 MPa while the lowet is in the bow frame with the value of 16.682 MPa. By calculating the stress on each variation, the life prediction can be calculated. The life prediction of a patrol vessel is 32 years and 8 months.
Mitigating Schedule Delays in Maritime Operations Through Weather-Based Routing Strategies
Authors: Putri Adinda Rahmi Lista , Hermawan Yuda Apri
Published: February 2025

This study explores the effectiveness of weather-based routing in addressing schedule delays and fuel consumption in maritime operations. Using weather data from the Indonesian Agency for Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysics, the model calculates resistance factors that influence ship performance. The findings highlight that weather-based routing can mitigate delays caused by adverse weather conditions while improving operational efficiency. Case B as the optimized route according to high wave, despite being longer, mitigates delays by increasing the ship’s speed from 12 to 12.7 knots, allowing it to maintain the Estimated Time of Arrival (ETA). This approach demonstrates that adverse weather conditions do not necessarily lead to schedule disruptions. Additionally, this case also achieves a 1.39% improvement in fuel efficiency by considering wave height as a critical factor. Although the savings are modest due to the relatively short sailing distance, the reduction in fuel consumption has a direct impact on lowering emissions, contributing to greener maritime practices. The results underline the potential of weather-based routing to enhance maritime operations by reducing the negative effects of weather on schedule reliability and fuel consumption.
Temporal Probability Analysis of Flood Occurrence Using Peak Over Threshold Method for Extreme Rainfall Events
Authors: Oktaviana Pratnya Paramitha , Syafei Arie Dipareza , Kuswanto Heri , Hermana Joni
Published: February 2025

Extreme rainfall often leads to flooding in various regions. This study conducts the analysis of temporal probability of flood risk due to extreme rainfall in Jakarta by using data from meteorological stations in Kemayoran (for Central Jakarta) and Tanjung Priok (for North Jakarta) over 30 years (1994-2023). Peak Over Threshold (POT) approach was applied to identify extreme rainfall events. Mean Residual Life Plot (MRLP) was used to determine thresholds for extreme rainfall, resulting in thresholds of 122 mm/day for Central Jakarta and 126 mm/day for North Jakarta. Using Generalized Pareto Distribution (GPD) modeling, the probability of flooding due to extreme rainfall exceeding these thresholds was calculated for various time frames. In Central Jakarta, the probability of flooding due to extreme rainfall exceeding 122 mm/day is 32.10% over 5 years, increasing to 97.90% over 50 years. In North Jakarta, the probability of flooding due to extreme rainfall exceeding 126 mm/day is 21.80% over 5 years and rises to 91.50% over 50 years. Extreme rainfall tends to result in higher probabilities of flooding over the long term. The results suggest that while extreme rainfall events are rare, it can cause the probability of flood occurrence to increase significantly over time.
Exploring the characteristics of kombucha tea fermented with soursop (Annona muricata), Noni (Morinda citrifolia) and pineapple (Ananas comosus)
Authors: Azizan Muhammad Adib , Qadir Rahman , Zakaria Mizatul Athila , Mohsin Aliah Zannierah , Meor Hussin Anis Shobirin
Published: February 2025

The current study aims to determine the physico-chemical and sensory properties of kombucha tea fermented with soursop (Annona muricata), noni (Morinda citrifolia), and pineapple (Ananas comosus) juices. The infused kombucha drink was prepared by adding 30% selected fruit juices in kombucha tea. It was fermented using SCOBY (symbiotic culture of bacteria and yeast) for 14 days at room temperature. The results revealed that the infusion of soursop, noni, and pineapple in kombucha tea contributed to increased pH value, Brix value, and higher percentage of yield biomass. Regarding color, the L, a, and b values of infused kombucha drinks were significantly different (p<0.05) from simple kombucha tea. There was also a significant difference (p<0.05) in proximate properties of infused and simple kombucha tea except for the crude protein content. The antioxidant analysis showed that addition fruit juices enhanced the antioxidant level of kombucha drinks. In case of sensory evaluation, it was observed that overall soursop and pineapple had higher overall acceptability followed by. The results of the current work indicate that the addition of selected fruit juices such as soursop, noni, and pineapple significantly improved the nutritional value and antioxidant attributes of kombucha tea and thus possess the opportunity to be marketed as a new tea with good flavor, taste and health prospects.
Egg quality evaluation of japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) supplemented with powdered leaves of jute mallow (Corchorus olitorius) and siam weed (Chromolaena odorata)
Authors: Gemma M Guigue , Alejandro Jr B Dianon , Decem Mary Joice D Tolero
Published: February 2025

The study aimed to evaluate the egg quality of Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) supplemented with powdered leaves of jute mallow and Siam weed. A total of 144 quail eggs were collected and evaluated every Thursday over six weeks using a Complete Randomized Design (CRD). The experimental treatments included four formulations (T1 to T4) combining commercial rations with varying levels of jute mallow and Siam weed leaf powders. Parameters assessed were egg weight, egg width, eggshell weight, eggshell thickness, eggshell strength, egg length, yolk weight, albumen weight, and yolk color, which were analyzed using oneway analysis of variance (ANOVA). The results indicated no significant differences in most egg quality parameters, including egg weight, egg width, eggshell weight, eggshell thickness, eggshell strength, egg length, yolk weight, and albumen weight, among treatments. However, yolk color exhibited a highly significant difference, with quails fed the supplemented rations showing an improved yolk color rating. These findings suggest that incorporating powdered jute mallow and Siam weed leaves into quail diets enhances yolk color, making it a viable natural colorant alternative. This practice is recommended as it utilizes locally available, cost-effective resources rich in nutrients beneficial for egg production. Additionally, the supplementation stimulates the digestive system, enhancing digestive enzyme production and feed utilization efficiency by improving liver function, as supported by [7]. Using such natural feed additives aligns with sustainable agricultural practices, offering a practical and environmentally friendly solution for improving specific aspects of egg quality, particularly yolk pigmentation, in laying quails.
Evaluating supply chain sustainability and agility using fuzzy logic approach: A case in Indonesian agroindustry
Authors: Hasibuan Sawarni , Yunita Ika , Zulkarnaen Iskandar
Published: February 2025

Agility and sustainability are critical, complementary concepts that enable businesses to navigate increasing uncertainties and complexities, as highlighted by the COVID-19 pandemic. In agroindustry, business processes face significant challenges in adapting to such unpredictable conditions, requiring robust strategies to enhance agility and sustainability. This study adopts a fuzzy logic approach to address ambiguities and uncertainties inherent in traditional performance assessments. A sustainability-agility evaluation framework was developed for the chicken meat industry, calculating FSCSAI values of 0.58, 0.72, and 0.86, which classify the industry as “very sustainable and agile (VSA)” based on Euclidean distance calculations. Additionally, challenges such as “using agile enabling technology” and “market response and sense” were identified, and actionable recommendations were proposed. This study makes two significant contributions: (1) demonstrating the applicability of the fuzzy logic method for assessing sustainability-agility in agroindustry and (2) providing insights for companies and policymakers to address critical challenges and implement targeted improvements. Despite its contributions, the study acknowledges limitations related to the reliance on decision-maker perceptions and emphasizes the importance of expert involvement. The findings offer a systematic framework for evaluating sustainability-agility indices, with practical applications for the chicken meat sector and beyond.