bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Teachers’ Perceptions of using Gamification Apps in Teaching Speaking Skill to EFL Young Learners
Authors: Thanh Thuy Nguyen Thi , Quoc Hung Luu Nguyen
Published: December 2021

Gamification is a concept that is commonly used in sectors such as education, information studies, human–computer interaction, and health. Recently, gamification apps have been widely used in teaching English in order to increase learners’ interests, engagement and joyfulness. In addition, there have been plenty of prior studies about the effectiveness of gamification in English education but there seemed to be little research about the correlation between gamification and teaching speaking skills. As a result of this, the current study investigated teachers' perspectives on the benefits and challenges of using gamification in teaching speaking skills to young learners. The study enlisted the help of 69 teachers. To explore teachers’ perceptions of gamifying apps, a questionnaire and a semi-structured interview were administered. The findings indicated that gamifying applications benefited teaching speaking to young learners in 4 stages: raising awareness, appropriation, autonomy and giving feedback. Still, there were some challenges involving external factors and teacher- related factors that must be considered and overcome when using gamification applications.
Increasing Teacher Performance through Strengthening School Principal's Visioner Leadership, Teamwork and Personality of High School Teachers
Authors: Gea Martinus , Hardhienata Soewarto , Retnowati Rita
Published: December 2021

This study aims to find efforts to improve teacher performance through the development of variables that have a relationship with teacher performance, namely visionary leadership, teamwork and personality with the first step researching the strength of the relationship between research variables, the strength of the relationship between visionary leadership and teacher performance. between teamwork and teacher performance. The strength of the relationship between personality and teacher performance. The strength of the relationship of visionary leadership and teamwork together with teacher performance. The strength of the relationship of visionary leadership and personality together with teacher performance. The strength of the relationship of teamwork and personality together with teacher performance. The strength of the relationship of visionary leadership, teamwork and personality together with teacher performance. The population of this research is the teachers of ASN SMA Negeri in Tangerang City totaling 453 people from 12 SMA Negeri. The sampling technique used is a random sampling technique (proportional random sampling). Samples were taken using the Slovin formula with a sampling error rate of 5%. The results of the calculation of the number of samples are 213 people. The research method uses quantitative methods with quantitative analysis. The results of the study show that there is a positive and very significant relationship between the principal's visionary leadership and teacher performance, there is a positive and very significant relationship between teamwork and teacher performance, there is a positive and very significant relationship between personality and teacher performance.
Assessing the Potential of Real Estate Investment Trust in Financing Real Estate Development Projects
Authors: Egbo Philips Nnajiofor , Nnamani Obinna Collins , Amuta Amaka Amanda
Published: December 2021

One of the crucial challenges facing real estate development in Nigeria is finance. The informal sources of finance are grossly inadequate, and access to formal finance instruments is difficult. This study aimed at investigating the potential of REIT structure as an option for financing real estate development in Nigeria. The specific objectives of the study were to; evaluate the external factors influencing the performance, future growth and development of N-REITs as it affects funding of real estate development projects; and appraise the future prospects of N-REITs as a viable option in financing real estate development projects. A survey research design was adopted for the study. A sample of 275 stakeholders comprising 221 real estate developers, and 54 senior staff members of Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), all in Abuja, were conveniently selected for the study. Frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation were used to analyse the data. Findings show that equity capital (47.8%), commercial banks (26.2%), and mortgage banks (16.5%) are the major sources of real estate development finance in Nigeria. The key external factors influencing N-REITs performance were strategic property locations (4.43 ± 0.82), tax treatment (4.34 ± 0.78), and political risks (4.10 ± 1.12); while the most important prospects of N-REITs in financing real estate development projects include; increase in supply of real properties (4.1 ± 1.02), portfolio diversification (3.88 ± 1.10), and liquidity in real estate sector (3.69 ± 1.22). The study concludes that, in implementing high level sensitisation, transparency, infrastructure provision and review of regulations guiding REIT’s operation, N-REIT most probably becomes a viable option for financing real estate development.
Potential of Spent Pleurotus ostreatus Mushroom Substrate as Compost
Authors: Sari Ramdana , Arif Astuti , Restu Muhammad , Prayudyaningsih dan Retno
Published: December 2021

Oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) cultivation produces waste in the form of mushroom substrate that has passed the production period and contaminated substrate. Non-productive spent mushroom substrates (SMS) still contain nutrients that allow them to be composted. The main goal of this study is to determine the potential of SMS as compost. The composting was done by mixing each of the old substrate waste (P1) and contaminated (P2) with a solution of EM4 and sugar. Temperature measurement and material compost stirring were done every week. The test results after 8 weeks of composting showed that the physical characteristics of compost, including the color and texture, have complied with the standards of SNI 19-7030-2004, which was brown and smooth. P1 compost has an earthy odor while P2 compost still has a slight woody. The mass of P1 and P2 composts decreased by 32% and 32,4%, respectively. Micronutrients such as Fe, Zn, and Mo were varied and according to SNI 19-7030-2004, Minister of Agriculture Regulations No.28/Permentan/SR.130/5/2009 as well as Minister of Agriculture Regulations No.70/Permentan/SR.140/10/2011. Co did not comply with the standard. The water content, pH, and macronutrients such as N-total, P2O5, K2O dan C-organic in both types of compost were according to SNI 19-7030-2004, Minister of Agriculture Regulations No.28/Permentan/SR.130/5/2009 or Minister of Agriculture Regulations No.70/Permentan/SR.140/10/2011. The C/N ratio in compost was still high, compost P1 and P2 had 25,26% and 25,16%. To reduce the C/N ratio of compost, it is necessary to carry out several treatments such as increasing the decomposition time or adding other organic materials during the composting process. The addition of organic materials such as manure or bran allows the microbial activators to be optimally in decomposing compost material to shorten the composting time.
Financial Ratio Analysis of Pine Sap Commodity: Case Study on Community Forest Area in Indonesia
Authors: Zakiyah Andi Mawaddah , Makkarennu Makkarennu , Ridwan Ridwan
Published: December 2021

Community Forest is a scheme that aims to empower local communities and provide access to manage protected or production forest areas. The pine sap commodity is one of the sources of livelihood for the community by utilizing existing access. Financial ratio analysis is very important to determine the value added of marketing margins and profit margins from the pine sap commodities that have been turned into a product. Respondents were selected based on people who worked as pine sap collectors, from farmers to the pine sap processing industry who bought and processed the pine sap products. The results showed that the pine sap processed by the pine sap processing industry was in the form of gondorukem and turpentine which were then marketed to international markets, namely India, Vietnam, and China with different financial ratios for each business actor.
Hiệu quả của mô hình ECHO đối với đào tạo Y khoa liên tục theo phương pháp đánh giá của Moore
Authors: Nhung Lê Hồng , Điển Trần Minh , Lan Nguyễn Phương , Hạnh Phạm Minh , Thành Phạm Quốc , Cường Phạm Việt
Published: December 2021

Mô hình đào tạo trực tuyến ECHO viết tắt của tiếng Anh là "Extension of Community Healthcare Outcomes", có nghĩa là "Nối dài Chăm sóc Sức khỏe Cộng đồng", là mô hình giáo dục từ xa nhằm tạo điều kiện học tập và giám sát hỗ trợ các cơ sở chăm sóc sức khỏe ban đầu ở nông thôn, vùng sâu và vùng xa. Nghiên cứu đã tiến hành tầm soát và tham khảo nhiều bài viết về mô hình ECHO và các ứng dụng trong đào tạo Y khoa liên tục trên thế giới và Việt Nam. Vì vậy, chúng tôi tiến hành nghiên cứu này với mục tiêu mô tả hiệu quả của mô hình ECHO đối với đào tạo Y khoa liên tục theo phương pháp đánh giá của Moore. Đồng thời đưa ra một số đánh giá tác động của mô hình ECHO đến đào tạo Y khoa liên tục theo phương pháp đánh giá Moore. Các nghiên cứu đã cho thấy việc áp dụng và kế thừa mô hình ECHO sao cho phù hợp với bối cảnh văn hóa - kinh tế - xã hội của mỗi quốc gia là cần thiết. Sự vận dụng từ các mô hình này là bài học kinh nghiệm quý giá để triển khai mô hình ECHO tại Việt Nam đạt hiệu quả.
The Difficulty Level of Online Learning Content According to the Students' Perspective towards Arabic Language Course
Authors: Jamali Hairun Najuwah , Azizan Ku Fatahiyah Ku , Rahman Awatif Abdul , Ismail Wazzainab
Published: December 2021

Online teaching and learning is no longer an option as a result of the corona virus pandemic, also known as COVID-19. Since March 2020, teaching and learning activities in all educational institutions at various levels are implemented online. Therefore, this paper discusses the findings of a study that has been conducted quantitatively on 295 undergraduate students at Kolej Universiti Islam Antarabangsa Selangor (KUIS). This study aims to discover the difficulty level of online learning content according to the students' perspective towards Arabic language courses NBWU1062 Al Arabiah Al A’liyah Li Dirasat Islamiyyah II and NBWU2102 Al Arabiah Al A’liyah Li Dirasat Islamiyyah III. The learning content consists of listening, speaking, reading and writing skills as well as grammar learning. The findings of the study shows that the most difficult level of learning content is listening skills and the easiest level is reading skills. The study aims to help the lecturers involved in teaching this course to further improve the quality of teaching and learning in the future.
Factors of Stress among Undergraduate Students during Movement Control Order
Authors: Sulaiman Suziana Hanini , Mohamed Lip Suhana , Zdainal Abidin Shazarina , Shahidan Norshilawani , Ariffin Natasha , Ishak Mohamad Fuad Haji , Sabilan Sapie
Published: December 2021

The implementation of Movement Control Order (MCO) to curb the spread of Covid-19 has various effects on the community, regardless of the field they are involved in. Enforcement order to stay at home has resulted  to the closure and restriction of all types of operations including the education sector. Due to the implementation of MCO, the teaching and learning activities that used to be conducted face-to-face have been completely replaced by online learning. This situation eventually has given some stressful impact and has caused difficulties to students of higher learning institutions to continue their studies virtually. Various factors have been found as stressors among undergraduate students. It is hoped that this study would help to find effective ways to reduce stress among undergraduate students.
Theory of Meaning Change in the Procedural Text Material
Authors: Syafroni Roni Nugraha
Published: December 2021

The background of this research is because students often confide in the researcher. They want material that is contemporary, contextual, nor merely textual. Therefore, the researcher took one of the materials about the procedural text combined with the theory of meaning change. The procedural text that the researcher used was a text about how to make crafts out of paper. The purpose of this study was to determine the benefits of the theory of meaning change in the procedural text material for class VII students. The method that researcher used in this research is descriptive analysis. The researcher took the theory of meaning change literature by Abdul Chaer. The results of this study indicate that theory of meaning change is beneficial when it is translated into procedural text material. Last, the conclusion of this research shows that theory of meaning change is beneficial when combined with procedural text material.
KONYA İLİ ARAZİ KULLANIM/ÖRTÜSÜ DEĞİŞİM ANALİZİ
Authors: SELÇUK Sefa Furkan , CEBECİ Meltem Sarıoğlu , KÖKER Berk , YILMAZ Zinnur
Published: December 2021

Arazi kullanım/örtüsü sınıflandırmalarının yapılarak şehirlerin bilgilerinin takip edilmesi ve değişimlerinin analiz edilmesi, arazilerin doğru amaçla kullanılması ve çevresel sürdürülebilirlik adına oldukça önemlidir. Bu sınıflandırmalar yapılırken diğer çalışmalarla tutarlılık ve kıyas yapabilme açısından uluslararası standartlaşmış sınıflandırma yöntemleri kullanılması gerekmektedir. Bu çalışmada CORINE veri tabanından faydalanarak Konya İlinin arazi kullanım/örtüsü değişim analizi yapılmıştır. CORINE veri tabanından alınan bilgiler yeniden sınıflandırılarak 7 farklı arazi sınıfında 1990-2000, 2000-2006, 2006-2012, 2012-2018 ve 1990-2018 periyotları için değerlendirme yapılmıştır. Yapılan değerlendirme sonucunda 2018 yılı sonunda çıplak, kayalık ve taşlık alanlar sınıfına giren arazilerin 704 km2 kadar azaldığı, orman alanlarının 109 km2 ve mera alanlarının 126 km2 arttığı belirlenmiştir. Bu değişimler oran olarak değerlendirildiğinde çıplak, kayalık ve taşlık alanlar sınıfına giren arazilerin %13,35 kadarının azaldığı, orman alanlarının %10,44 ve mera alanlarının sadece %1,28 oranında arttığı görülmektedir. Ayrıca çalışmada arazi kullanım/örtüsü haritaları oluşturularak değişimlerin mekânsal olarak dağılımları da belirlenmiştir.
Impact of 3D Cloud Structures on the Atmospheric Trace Gas Products from UV-VIS Sounders – Part II: impact on NO2 retrieval and mitigation strategies
Authors: Yu Huan , Emde Claudia , Kylling Arve , Veihelmann Ben , Mayer Bernhard , Stebel Kerstin , Van Roozendael Michel
Published: December 2021

Abstract. Operational retrievals of tropospheric trace gases from space-borne spectrometers are based on one-dimensional radiative transfer models. To minimize cloud effects, trace gas retrievals generally implement Lambertian cloud models based on radiometric cloud fraction estimates and photon path length corrections. The latter relies on measurements of the oxygen collision pair (O2-O2) absorption at 477 nm or on the oxygen A-band around 760 nm. In reality however, the impact of clouds is much more complex, involving unresolved sub-pixel clouds, scattering of clouds in neighboring pixels and cloud shadow effects, such that unresolved three-dimensional effects due to clouds may introduce significant biases in trace gas retrievals. In order to quantify this impact, we study NO2 as a trace gas example, and apply standard retrieval methods including approximate cloud corrections to synthetic data generated by the state-of-the-art three-dimensional Monte Carlo radiative transfer model MYSTIC. A sensitivity study is performed for simulations including a box-cloud, and the dependency on various parameters is investigated. The most significant bias is found for cloud shadow effects under polluted conditions. Biases depend strongly on cloud shadow fraction, NO2 profile, cloud optical thickness, solar zenith angle, and surface albedo. Several approaches to correct NO2 retrievals under cloud shadow conditions are explored. We find that air mass factors calculated using fitted surface albedo or corrected using the O2-O2 slant column density can partly mitigate cloud shadow effects. However, these approaches are limited to cloud-free pixels affected by surrounding clouds. A parameterization approach is presented based on relationships derived from the sensitivity study. This allows identifying measurements for which the standard NO2 retrieval produces a significant bias, and therefore provides a way to improve the current data flagging approach.
Impact of particle size, refractive index, and shape on the determination of the particle scattering coefficient – an optical closure study evaluating different nephelometer angular truncation and illumination corrections
Authors: Teri Marilena , Müller Thomas , Gasteiger Josef , Valentini Sara , Horvath Helmuth , Vecchi Roberta , Bauer Paulus , Walser Adrian , Weinzierl Bernadett
Published: December 2021

Abstract. Aerosol particles in the atmosphere interact with solar radiation through scattering and absorption. Accurate aerosol optical properties are needed to reduce the uncertainties of climate predictions. The aerosol optical properties can be obtained via optical modeling based on the measured particle size distribution. This approach requires knowledge or assumptions on the particle refractive index and shape. Meanwhile, integrating nephelometry provides information on the aerosol scattering properties directly. However, their measurements are affected by angular non-idealities, and their data need to be corrected for angular truncation and illumination to provide the particle scattering coefficient. We performed an extensive closure study, including a laboratory and a simulated experiment, aiming to compare different nephelometer angular truncation and illumination corrections (further referred to as "angular corrections"). We focused on coarse mode irregularly shaped aerosols, such as mineral dust, a worldwide abundant aerosol component. The angular correction of irregular particles is found to be only ~2 % higher than the angular correction of volume equivalent spheres. If the angular correction is calculated with Mie theory, the particle size distribution is needed. Our calculations show that if the particle size distribution is retrieved from optical particle spectrometer measurements and the irregular shape effect is not considered, the angular correction can be overestimated by about 5 % and up to 22 %. For mineral dust, the traditional angular correction based on the wavelength dependency of the scattering coefficient seems more accurate. We propose a guideline to establish the most appropriate angular correction depending on the aerosol type and the investigated size range.
A Relaxed Eddy Accumulation (REA) LOPAP-System for Flux Measurements of Nitrous Acid (HONO)
Authors: von der Heyden Lisa , Wißdorf Walter , Kurtenbach Ralf , Kleffmann Jörg
Published: December 2021

Abstract. In the present study a Relaxed Eddy Accumulation (REA) system for the quantification of vertical fluxes of nitrous acid (HONO) was developed and tested. The system is based on a three-channel-LOPAP instrument, for which two channels are used for the updrafts and downdrafts, respectively, and a third one for the correction of chemical interferences. The instrument is coupled to a REA gas inlet, for which an ultrasonic anemometer controls two fast magnetic valves to probe the two channels of the LOPAP instrument depending on the vertical wind direction. A software (PyREA) was developed, which controls the valves and measurement cycles, which regularly alternates between REA-, zero- and parallel ambient measurements. In addition, the assignment of the updrafts and downdrafts to the physical LOPAP channels is periodically alternated, to correct for differences in the interferences of the different air masses. During the study, only small differences of the interferences were identified for the updrafts and downdrafts excluding significant errors when using only one interference channel. In laboratory experiments, high precision of the two channels and the independence of the dilution corrected HONO concentrations on the length of the valve switching periods were demonstrated. A field campaign was performed in order to test the new REA-LOPAP system at the TROPOS monitoring station in Melpitz, Germany. HONO fluxes in the range of −4·1013 molecules m−2 s−1 (deposition) to +1.0·1014 molecules m−2 s−1 (emission) were obtained. A typical diurnal variation of the HONO fluxes was observed with low, partly negative fluxes during night-time and higher positive fluxes around noon. After an intensive rain period the positive HONO emissions during daytime were continuously increasing, which was explained by the drying of the upper most ground surfaces. Similar to other campaigns, the highest correlation of the HONO flux was observed with the product of the NO2 photolysis frequency and the NO2 concentration (J(NO2)·[NO2]), which implies a HONO formation by photosensitized conversion of NO2 on organic surfaces, like e.g. humic acids. Other postulated HONO formation mechanisms are also discussed, but are ranked being of minor importance for the present field campaign.
Spatial assessment of probable recharge areas – Investigating the hydrogeological controls of an active deep-seated gravitational slope deformation
Authors: Pfeiffer Jan , Zieher Thomas , Schmieder Jan , Bogaard Thom , Rutzinger Martin , Spötl Christoph
Published: December 2021

Abstract. Continuous and slow-moving deep-seated landslides entail challenges for the effective planning of mitigation strategies aiming at the reduction of landslide movements. Given that the activity of most of these landslides is governed by pore pressure variations within the shear zone, profound knowledge about their hydrogeological control is required. In this context, the present study presents a new approach for the spatial assessment of probable recharge areas to better understand a slope's hydrogeological system. The highly automated geo-statistical approach allows deriving recharge probability maps of groundwater based on stable isotope monitoring and a digital elevation model (DEM). By monitoring stable isotopes in both, groundwater and precipitation, mean elevations of recharge areas can be determined and further constrained in space with the help of the DEM. The approach was applied to the Vögelsberg landslide, an active slab of a deep-seated gravitational slope deformation (DSGSD) in the Watten valley (Tyrol, Austria). Resulting recharge probability maps indicate that shallow groundwater emerging at springs on the landslide recharges between 1100–1500 m a.s.l.. In contrast, groundwater encountered in wells in up to 49 m below the landslide’s surface indicates a mean recharge elevation of up to 2200 m a.s.l. matching the highest parts of the catchment. Further inferred proxies, including flow path length, estimated recharge area sizes, and mean transit times of groundwater validated against field measurements of electrical conductivity, water temperature, and discharge resulted in a profound understanding of the hydrogeological driver of the landslide. It is shown that the new approach can provide valuable insights into the spatial pattern of probable recharge areas where mitigation measures aiming at reducing groundwater recharge could be most effective.
Coherent backscatter enhancement in bistatic Ku-/X-band radar observations of dry snow
Authors: Stefko Marcel , Leinss Silvan , Frey Othmar , Hajnsek Irena
Published: December 2021

Abstract. The coherent backscatter opposition effect (CBOE) enhances the backscatter intensity of electromagnetic waves by up to a factor of two in a very narrow cone around the direct return direction when multiple scattering occurs in a weakly absorbing, disordered medium. So far, this effect has not been investigated in terrestrial snow in the microwave spectrum. It has also received little attention in scattering models. We present the first characterization of the CBOE in dry snow using ground-based and space-borne bistatic radar systems. For a seasonal snow pack in Ku-band (17.2 GHz), we found backscatter enhancement of 50–60 % (+1.8–2.0 dB) at zero bistatic angle and a peak half-width-at-half-maximum (HWHM) of 0.25°. In X-band (9.65 GHz), we found backscatter enhancement of at least 35 % (+1.3 dB) and an estimated HWHM of 0.12° in the accumulation areas of glaciers in the Jungfrau-Aletsch region, Switzerland. Sampling of the peak shape at different bistatic angles allows estimating the scattering and absorption mean free paths, ΛT and ΛA. In the VV polarization, we obtained ΛT = 0.4 ± 0.1 m and ΛA = 19 ± 12 m at Ku-band, and ΛT = 2.1 ± 0.4 m, ΛA = 21.8 ± 2.7 m at X-band. The HH polarization yielded similar results. The observed backscatter enhancement is thus significant enough to require consideration in backscatter models describing monostatic and bistatic radar experiments. Enhanced backscattering beyond the Earth, on the surface of solar system bodies, has been interpreted as being caused by the presence of water ice. In agreement with this interpretation, our results confirm the presence of the CBOE at X- and Ku-band frequencies in terrestrial snow.
İNSAN GIDASI OLARAK BÖCEK PROTEİNLERİ TÜKETİMİ VE GETİRDİĞİ SORUNLAR
Authors: DEMİRCİ Mehmet , YETİM Hasan
Published: December 2021

Alınan tedbirlere rağmen hızla artan dünya nüfusu, endüstri ve insan kaynaklı çevre kirliliği ve küresel ısınma, tarım arazileri ve temiz su kaynaklarını azaltmakta ve yeterli gıda dolayısıyla da protein üretimini zorlaştırmaktadır. Proteinler, beslenme için gerekli ve büyük bölümü bitkisel veya hayvansal kaynaklardan karşılanan, vücutta hayati öneme sahip besin ögeleridir. Dünya nüfusunun 2050 yılına kadar 9 milyara ve mevcut gıda ihtiyacının da iki katına çıkması beklenmektedir. Paralelinde 2050 yılında proteinlerin ana kaynaklarından olan et tüketiminin de ortalama 49 kg/kişi olması beklenmekte ve mevcut üretimle kıyaslandığında bunun %40 oranında bir artışa karşılık geldiği hesaplanmaktadır. Elverişsiz hale gelen tarım arazileri ve kirletilen temiz su kaynakları; büyükbaş, küçükbaş ve kümes hayvanlarının beslenmesini, dolayısı ile de yeterli miktarda hayvansal gıda üretimini gün geçtikçe zorlaştırmaktadır. Ayrıca, büyükbaş hayvanların neden olduğu karbondioksit ve metan gazı salınımının küresel ısınmayı tetiklediği gerçeği, akademik ve endüstri çevrelerini alternatif protein kaynakları bulmaya yönlendirmiştir. Yapay et, mikrobiyal ve böcek proteinleri, et ve et ürünlerinden karşılanan proteinlere alternatif olabilme potansiyeli ile gıda sektörünün ilgi alanına girmiştir. Örneğin, böcek tüketimi, entomofaji, bazı Asya, Afrika ve Güney Amerika ülkelerinde 2000 kadar farklı böcekle gerçekleştirilen geleneksel bir beslenme yöntemidir. Tüketilen böceklerin çoğunu da kın kanatlılar, kelebek ve tırtıllar, cırcır böceği, çekirge, arı, karınca vb. haşerat oluşturmaktadır. FAO tarafından besin kıtlığına çare olarak gösterilen çiftlikte böcek üretimi ve tüketiminin en büyük dezavantajı, iğrenme veya tiksinti kaynaklı nedenlerle bunların kabul edilebilirliklerinin düşük olmasıdır. Ayrıca, böcek proteinlerinin tüketimi ile ortaya çıkan başta alerji olmak üzere biyolojik ve kimyasal kaynaklı pek çok sağlık sorunu da bulunmaktadır. Bazı istisnaları olmakla birlikte genel olarak insanlar sağlık, dini ve etik kaygılarla böcek tüketimine karşı mesafeli durmaktadırlar. Bu makalede, böcek tüketiminin tarihsel gelişimi ve mevcut durumu ile böceklerin çiftlikte üretimi, işlenmesi, elde edilen proteinlerin insan sağlığı ve beslenmesine etkileri yanında sürecin, teknik ve sosyokültürel boyutlarına işaret edilmiştir.
Complexity amidst Diversity: Exploring the Lives of LGBTQ International Teachers
Authors: Mizzi Robert , Schmidt Clea , Moura Gustavo
Published: December 2021

This paper analyzes findings from research with 23 lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans, and queer international educators and their experiences working in non-Western countries. This study documents the participants’ struggles, challenges, and triumphs of teaching overseas. In-depth interviews, as the data collection method, focus on changes made to thrive in the new country context and barriers to job success. The data reveals four key themes: (1) shifting identities in the new location; (2) belonging as a spectral concept; (3) work ethic as personal security; and (4) queer initiatives and student engagement. The authors introduce the notion of “belonging-scape” to suggest that while LGBTQ international educators faced a series of hetero/cisnormative borders, their sense of belonging to the workplace and to the community was in constant flux. Recommendations for educational administrators to ameliorate challenges unique to LGBTQ international teachers conclude the paper.
مشكلات مرحلة المراهقة وأثرها على الاستقرار الأسري (دراسة وصفية على عينة من أباء وأمهات لمراهقين بمحافظة جده)
Authors:   ماجستير توجيه وإصلاح أسري، قسم علم الاجتماع والخدمة الاجتماعية، كلية الآداب والعلوم الإنسانية، جامعة الملك عبد العزيز، المملكة العربية السعودية, الزهراني محمد سعيد
Published: December 2021

هدفت الدراسة الى التعرف على مشكلات مرحلة المراهقة وأثرها على الاستقرار الأسري، والتي كان من أهمها مشكلات المراهق مع أفراد أسرته من وجهة نظر الوالدين، بالإضافة للمشكلات (النفسية – الاجتماعية – الدراسية) التي تواجه المراهقين. وقد اعتمدت الدراسة على منهج المسح الاجتماعي كدراسة وصفية بأسلوب العينة، واستخدمت الاستبانة كأداة رئيسية لجمع البيانات من عينة عشوائية بلغت (226) من آباء وأمهات لمراهقين بمحافظة جدة، وكان من أهم نتائج الدراسة أنها أظهرت أهم مشكلات المراهق مع افراد أسرته من وجهة نظر الوالدين أن المراهق ينفرد بنفسه لوقت طويل، ويثور ويغضب لأتفه الأسباب، وأن أهم المشكلات النفسية التي تواجه المراهقين من وجهة نظر الوالدين جاءت بدرجة متوسطة أن المراهق يعاني من سرعة الانفعال والغضب، ويخاف من انتقاد الآخرين له، ومن أهم المشكلات الاجتماعية التي تواجه المراهقين من وجهة نظر الوالدين أيضا أن المراهق يلجأ للكذب للظهور بصورة لائقة أمام الآخرين، ويفتقر للمهارات الاجتماعية، كذلك أظهرت النتائج أن أهم المشكلات الدراسية التي تواجه المراهقين من وجهة نظر الوالدين أن المراهق يعجز عن تنظيم وتخصيص وقت للدراسة، وقليل الاهتمام بالدروس والواجبات المنزلية، كما أظهرت النتائج أن أهم الآثار المترتبة على الاستقرار الأسري من مشكلات مرحلة المراهقة في تجنب إبني / إبنتي الحديث معي عن مشاكله الخاصة، وفي استخدام إبني / إبنتي الهواتف الذكية يؤثر في استقرارنا الاسري. وقد أوصت الدراسة أنه يجب على الآباء والأمهات أن يكون لديهم المعرفة والفهم لمشاعر أبنائهم في مرحلة المراهقة وأن يأخذوها بعين الاعتبار عند التعامل معهم.
دور التقنية المساعدة في الدعم الأكاديمي للطلاب ذوي صعوبات التعلم (مراجعة منهجية)
Authors:   محاضر بقسم التربية الخاصة، كلية التربية، جامعة تبوك، المملكة العربية السعودية, الغامدي آمنة محمد , العتيبي أمل محمد ,   محاضر بقسم التربية الخاصة، كلية التربية، جامعة شقراء، المملكة العربية السعودية, الخلف صالحة محمد ,   محاضر بقسم التربية الخاصة، كلية التربية، جامعة الجوف، المملكة العربية السعودية, الحمادي هدى جابر ,   محاضر بقسم التربية الخاصة، كلية التربية، جامعة الملك خالد، المملكة العربية السعودية
Published: December 2021

تعتبر التقنية إحدى وسائل الدعم الأكاديمي الفعالة مع الطلاب ذوي صعوبات التعلم؛ لأنها تحسّن من فرص التعلم المقدمة لهم. لذلك تبحث هذه المراجعة المنهجية في التعرف على أنواع التقنية المساعدة المستخدمة مع الطلاب ذوي صعوبات التعلم، ومعرفة مدى فاعلية استخدامها في تطوير الأداء الأكاديمي (القراءة، الكتابة، الرياضيات) للطلاب ذوي صعوبات التعلم. وحددت المراجعة الدراسات شبه التجريبية؛ من خلال عمليات البحث المنهجية في قواعد البيانات العربية: دار المنظومة التربوية، المنهل، المعرفة، والباحث العلمي. وأجريت المراجعة في ديسمبر ٢٠٢٠. وتم إجراء توليفٍ موضوعي لجمع النتائج عبر الدراسات. وأُجري تقييم الجودة المنهجية للدراسات المشمولة؛ بواسطة أداة تقييم المنهج شبه التجريبي، وذلك باستخدام مقياس Downs and Black (DB). وتم تضمين ثمان دراسات في المراجعة المنهجية. وحددت أربعة محاور رئيسة: المهارة المستهدفة، ونوع التقنية المستخدمة، ومدى فاعليتها، ومستوى الدلالة لكل دراسة. واشتملت استنتاجات المراجعة على أن مهارة القراءة والرياضيات هي أعلى مهارتين تم استهدافهما، تليهما مهارة الكتابة. وتصدَّر استخدام الحاسب الآلي كأحد أنواع التقنية المستخدمة حاليًا، بالإضافة إلى أنها جميعًا أثبتت فاعلية التقنية في تقديم الدعم الأكاديمي للطلاب ذوي صعوبات التعلم.
Un cercetător consacrat al poeticii mioritice
Authors: Butnaru Tatiana
Published: December 2021

This article aims at a typical system of artistic images, focused on the principles of popular poetics, elucidated in the scientific investigations of the folklorist Sergiu Moraru. Obsessed with the „mioritic background we carry in our blood”, Sergiu Moraru traveled „from folklore to philosophy” where he foreshadowed some spiritual impulses, based on which are revealed the ontological dimensions of the popular soul, the philosophy of mioritic living, determined by some specific existential turmoil. This article aims at a typical system of artistic images, focused on the principles of popular poetics, elucidated in the scientific investigations of the folklorist Sergiu Moraru. Obsessed with the „mioritic background we carry in our blood”, Sergiu Moraru traveled „from folklore to philosophy” where he foreshadowed some spiritual impulses, based on which are revealed the ontological dimensions of the popular soul, the philosophy of mioritic living, determined by some specific existential turmoil.
Debt to GDP Ratio from the Perspective of MMT
Authors: Tanaka Yasuhito
Published: December 2021

In this note we examine the debt to GDP ratio from the perspective of MMT (Modern Monetary Theory) by a simple macroeconomic model with savings by government bonds instead of money. Mainly we will show the following results. 1) In order to maintain full employment under economic growth, the budget deficit, including interest payments on government bonds, must be positive; and if the budget deficit is smaller than this value, there will be recession with involuntary unemployment. 2) Under full employment the debt to GDP ratio approaches to a finite value over time. 3) In the underemployment case the national income is determined by the budget deficit. 4) The excessive budget deficit causes inflation. 6) In order to recover full employment from recession we need budget deficit larger than that when full employment is maintained. 5) The budget deficit, including interest payments on government bonds, equals the increase of the savings of consumers between periods (generations); and this result holds whether we have full employment or not, whether we have inflation or not. Then, the ratio of the national debt to GDP in a period is smaller than one, and even if one period constitutes of several years, the debt to GDP ratio in a year is finite.
Efecto de un Producto natural a base de Amaranto, Quinua y Tarwi sobre el Perfil Lipídico en Pacientes con Obesidad y Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2
Authors: Ballon Paucara Wendy Guadalupe , Gutierrez Durán María del Pilar , Castillo Magariños Carla Lisset , Mamani Mayta Deysi Danitza , Grados-Torrez Ricardo Enrique , Gonzáles Dávalos Eduardo Lucio
Published: December 2021

La obesidad es una enfermedad crónica que conlleva a la aparición de enfermedades cardiovasculares y diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2). Pacientes con sobrepeso, obesidad o DM2 presentan generalmente un perfil lipídico con niveles sanguíneos elevados de colesterol, triglicéridos, LDL y VLDL-c y niveles bajos de HDL-c. Pseudocereales como Amaranthus caudatus (Amaranto), Chenopodium quinoa (Quinua) y Lupinus mutabilis (Tarwi) presentes en la región Andina de Bolivia, tienen propiedades potencialmente nutracéuticas, con un alto contenido de macronutrientes y diversos fitoquímicos con actividad biológica como alcaloides de quinolizidina, saponinas, triterpenos y γ-conglutina. Objetivo: Determinar el efecto del consumo de un producto natural elaborado a base de granos de Amaranto, Quinua y Tarwi, sobre el perfil lipídico en pacientes con obesidad y DM2. Método: Estudio clínico preliminar controlado, prospectivo, doble ciego y cruzado realizado en el Área de Farmacología del Instituto de Investigaciones Fármaco Bioquímicas de la Facultad de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y Bioquímicas de la Universidad Mayor de San Andrés. Resultados: El consumo de un producto elaborado a base de harinas de Amaranto, Quinua y Tarwi (AQT) durante 3 meses, promovió la disminución significativa de colesterol, triglicéridos, LDL y VLDL-c en pacientes diabéticos (DM2) con sobrepeso (IMC>25), sin embargo los niveles de HDL-c no sufrieron cambios significativos. Conclusión: Por tanto, el producto AQT tiene efectos beneficiosos sobre el perfil lipídico en pacientes con sobrepeso u obesidad y con riesgo de padecer enfermedades cardiovasculares y DM2.
Pensamiento transcomplejo en la universidad
Authors: González Velasco Juan Miguel
Published: December 2021

Diversas teorías educativas se han desarrollado en varios siglos de existencia de los seres humanos, enfocados en diversos paradigmas, pero ninguno sin dejar de lado la visión lineal y reduccionista de la ciencia y la construcción de conocimiento. La presente teoría educativa es una propuesta de transformación educativa que se centra en la aplicación de la visión paradigmática de la complejidad y la transdisciplinariedad. Objetivo: Identificar las características del pensamiento transcomplejo vinculada al paradigma emergente Métodos: Revisión teórica de carácter exploratorio y descriptivo sobre la temática Resultados: Es una teoría que responde a un planteamiento centrado en mostrar lineamientos para un manejo reflexivo, complejo y transdisciplinar aplicados a ejes concretos tales como: Currículo complejo, Didáctica compleja y transdisciplinar, complejización educativa, Evaluación de la Complejización, metacomplejidad planteamientos de investigación transdisciplinar en la educación, bucles educativos y el desarrollo de sus fundamentos epistemológicos y filosóficos en el paradigma emergente. La presente teoría educativa responde a procesos de transformación que rompe los esquemas estables de cultura, sociedad, ciencia y todo lo que el ser humano cree controlar en su visión lineal, la respuesta es compleja y transdisciplinar. Conclusión: El pensamiento transcomplejo es una estrategia educativa emergente del siglo XXI cuyos pilares son la complejidad y la transdisciplinariedad.
Efficacy of Bupivacaine Infiltration in Post Tonsillectomy Pain Relief
Authors: Kousar Rafia , Durrani Haq Dad , Abdul Aziz Muhammad , Qureshi Adnan Ejaz , Chaudehry Kamran , Iqbal Ejaz
Published: December 2021

Background: Tonsillectomy is a common surgical procedure required to prevent recurrent infection, inflammation and related distress to the patients. Intervention in this highly vascularized area results in inflammatory responses and subsequent pain. Due to inadequate management 30-70% patients suffer from post-operative pain. Post tonsillectomy pain has its impact on analgesic consumption, hospital stay and return to normal activity. Methodology: This randomized control trial study design is a prospective randomized controlled including convenience sample of 32 patients of both genders, aged 4-30 years undergoing tonsillectomy.Tonsillectomy was performed by standard dissection method after giving general anesthesia to the patients. After completing the tonsillectomy on right side, surgeon infiltrated 6ml of 0.25 % bupivacaine in the tonsillar fossa on the right side. The surgeon did not infiltrate into the left side being observed as control. Postoperative pain score was recorded by asking patients on a VAS graded 1-10 scale (0= no pain and 10= maximum pain) after half an hour in recovery, 2 hours, 4 hours and 6 hours after the operation. Results: The mean age of the study patients was 14.08±7.32 years which included 20 (62.5%) females and 12(37.5%) males. The mean of duration of operation was 42.03±14.75 minutes. There was statistically significant difference between pain scores on VAS in infiltrated bupivacaine (right side) and control (left side) after ½, 2,4 and 6 hours respectively. Conclusion: Infiltration of 0.25% bupivacaine significantly reduces post tonsillectomy pain. Keywords: Tonsillectomy, Bupivacaine infiltration, Pain
Efficacy of Ankle Arthodesis with Retrograde Sign Nail
Authors: Iftikhar Hafiz Hassan , Ijaz Ali , Ahmad Umair , Naseer M. Zain , Riaz Ansari Hizbullah , Aziz Amir
Published: December 2021

Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of ankle arthrodesis by using Retrograde SIGN Nail. Study Design: Retrospective study. Place and Duration of the Study: Department of Orthopaedic & Spine Surgery, Ghurki Trust Teaching Hospital, Lahore from 1st January 2018 to 30th June 2020. Methodology: Thirty patients were enrolled for arthrodesis by using retrograde nails. Clinical and radiological examination confirmed the severe arthritis of the subtalar joints in all cases. Surgical procedure was initiated by using lateral incision fibula segment of 1.5 cm was excised 6-8 cm proximal to the fibula tip. After adequate exposure, from proximal lateral to distal medial, approximately 5-6 cm transaction of the fibula was made obliquely. Soft tissue was the initiating point of dissection and the portion was placed on the back table for further use as an autogenous bone graft. To expose the medial gutter, approximately 2-3 cm incision was carefully made at medial to the tibialis anterior tendon without indulging saphenous nerve and vein. Results: A weak positive Pearson correlation was found between BMI and FAAM score but a significant (P=0.00001). Conclusion: Retrograde nailing techniques help to achieve the goals of the union. It also assists in the preservation of hind foot alignment. Keywords: Ankle deformity, Ankle arthrodesis, Ankle arthritis, Retrograde nailing
Evaluation of Patient Attitude towards Rubber dam use in Endodontic Treatment
Authors: Ahmed Sana , Fayyaz Bashir Anam , Razzaq Khan Saima
Published: December 2021

Background: Rubber dam is an indispensable tool to isolate teeth during dental treatment, but its application can be disagreeable for some patients. Aim: to determine the patient’s attitude to rubber dam use during endodontic procedures. Methods: Cross-sectional study was carried out in Operative Dentistry, Lahore Medical and Dental College, from 31st August 2021 to 21st October 2021. Using convenience sampling, 130 proformas were dispersed amongst house officers and postgraduate residents, who were performing endodontics under rubber dam. Questionnaires consisting demographic information, participant’s previous and current experience of rubber dam use, the treating doctor, time taken to apply rubber dam and duration of procedure. 126 completed forms were returned. Chi-square test was done for proportionate variables to determine statistical significance. Results: 46 patients (36.5%) answered their current experience was better with rubber application, 41 (32.5%) said about the same experience as compared to their previous rubber dam experience, and 11 (8.7%) had a worse current experience. Current experience of rubber dam use was: (i) pleasant/comfortable= 56 (44.4%), and (ii) uncomfortable/painful= 70(55.6%). The results further demonstrated that middle aged patients were more receptive to reapplication of the dam for future endodontic use. Statistically significant finding was that the postgraduate trainees applied the dam faster. Conclusion: Patient acceptance increased as the operator became more experienced, in lieu, more efficient in rubber dam placement. MeSH words: Rubber Dams, Endodontics, Patient
Light Microscopic Study on Possible Protective Effect of Vitamin E on Imatinib IHCV Dilatation in Albino Rats
Authors: Ara Nighat , Sarfaraz Zahid , Shamim Rifat , Iqbal Zafar , Khan Farooq , Waheed Nazish
Published: December 2021

Aim: To observe the changes in the caliber of hepatic central vein of Albino rats exposed to the oral administration of toxic doses of Imatinib and to assess the protective effect of vitamin E. Study design: Experimental study Place and duration of study: Department of Pharmacy, Peshawar Medical College Peshawar from 1st October 2015 to 31st March 2016. Methodology: Twenty four male Sprague-Dawley rats (150- 200g) were selected for this study and these rats were divided into three groups. Group 1 was control group, Group II received oral Imatinib solution (50 mg/kg/day) and Group III received Imatinib solution (50mg/kg/day) orally along with vitamin- E (500MG/kg/day) for 14 days. At the end of experiment central vein dilatation in liver tissue of rats were observed. Results: The increase in mean central vein dilatation in liver of group II were statistically significant (p=0.001) in comparison with the control. The mean central vein caliber of liver was decreased significantly in group III. Conclusion: The simultaneous use of vitamin E as an antioxidant with Imatinib can protect the toxic effects of the Imatinib on hepatic toxicity which includes central vein dilatation. Keywords: Imatinib mesylate, Hepatic tissue, Central vein dilatation, Vitamin E
SANAYİ COĞRAFYASI AÇISINDAN BİR İNCELEME: ERZİNCAN ORGANİZE SANAYİ BÖLGESİ
Authors: KARADENİZ Vedat , YILMAZ Yusuf
Published: December 2021

Gelişmiş veya gelişmekte olan her ülkede bölgeler arasında başta coğrafi faktörler olmak üzere çeşitli nedenlerle ortaya çıkan gelişmişlik farkı bulunmaktadır. Kuşkusuz doğal kaynaklarının dağılımı her bölgede aynı olmadığı gibi beşeri unsurlarda da farklılıklar görülmektedir. Bu kapsamda ülkeler bölgeleri arasındaki sosyoekonomik gelişmişlik farkını minimal düzeye indirmek için çeşitli planlama ve kalkınma hamleleri gerçekleştirme yoluna gitmektedirler. Dünya ölçeğinde gözlenen bu durum Türkiye için de geçerlidir. Gerçekten de sanayi tesislerinin büyük bir kısmı başta Marmara bölgesi olmak üzere ülkemizin batı yarısında yer almaktadır. Doğu Anadolu Bölgesi ise sanayi yatırımlarının en az olduğu bölge durumundadır. Kuşkusuz bu tablo bölgesel dengesizliklere neden olmakta ve sanayinin yetersiz olduğu alanlardan gelişmiş bölgelere göçü de beraberinde getirmektedir. Bu dengesizlikleri gidermede Organize Sanayi Bölgeleri önemli araçlardan biri olarak görülmektedir. Bu sayede ülkenin geri kalmış bölgelerinde sanayi yatırımlarının altyapısı hazır olan bu alanlara yönlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Organize Sanayi Bölgeleri sağlamış olduğu avantajlar nedeni ile sanayicinin dikkatini çekmekte ve ekonomik anlamda geri kalmış bölgelerde de sanayinin kurulup gelişmesine olanak sağlamaktadır. Organize Sanayi Bölgeleri genellikle küçük ve orta ölçekli işletmelerden oluşan ve işletmeler arasında bir işbirliği ve koordinasyonun olduğu bölgelerdir. Daha verimli üretim yapan, bir plan doğrultusunda oluşturulan arazi üzerine dağılmış altyapı hizmetlerinden daha ucuza yararlanan çeşitli sosyal tesis ve teknoparklarla donatılmış mal ve hizmet üretilen yerler durumundadırlar. Sanayinin organize bir şekilde geliştirilmesinin amaçlandığı bu bölgelerde aynı zamanda alt yapı hizmetlerinin yanı sıra ucuz arsa temini ve devlet teşviklerinden yararlanmada kolaylık sağlanmaktadır.
Ülkemizdeki planlı sanayileşme hamleleri için tasarlanan Organize Sanayi Bölgelerinden biri de Erzincan’da yer almaktadır. Bu çalışmada il ekonomisinde önemli bir yeri olan Erzincan Organize Sanayi Bölgesinin mevcut durumu, sorunlar ve bu sorunlara çözüm önerileri sanayi coğrafyası açısından incelenmeye çalışılmıştır.
Tvoj je besmrtni duh u svemu (Mudr 12,1)
Authors: Pardon Đurica
Published: December 2021

U članku se objašnjavaju osnovne značajke biblijske mudrosti. U Bibliji je mudrost predstavljena kao skup pravila za ispravne i pravedne odnose u zajednici Božjih stvorenja. Biblijska mudrost je stav u dijalogu sa stvorenim svijetom i očituje se kroz niz upozorenja i uvida koji vode ljude prema kvalitetnom i dugoročno održivom životu u skladu s prirodnim okolišem. Poduzeto istraživanje odabranih tekstova mudrosne literature (Sir 16,26 - 17,14 i Mudr 11,24 - 12,1) otkriva da je biblijska mudrost istodobno teološka, antropološka i ekološka - ona vodi ka spoznaji Boga i svijeta kao mjesta Božje manifestacije, a u konačnici i spoznaje čovjekovih zadataka u svijetu. Kao Božje stvorenje me u ostalim stvorenjima, čovjek je odgovoran za održavanje reda i harmonije u svojem odnosu s Bogom i drugim stvorenjima. Zaključeno je da mudrost ne podrazumijeva kognitivno razumijevanje pravila samo vjerske odanosti i odgovornosti prema Bogu nego također zahtijeva vjersku obvezu održavanja skladnih odnosa s drugim stvorenjima. Literatura biblijske mudrosti pretpostavlja da se mudar ljudski život očituje u praktičnim djelima sklada s okolinom u kojoj čovjek živi.