bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Electric‐field‐induced magnetism of first‐row d0 semiconductor nanowires and nanotubes
Authors: Gu Gangxu , Xiang Gang , Lan Mu , Zhang Xi
Published: December 2014

Our first‐principles calculations reveal that a transverse electric field (F) can induce and modulate spontaneous magnetization in defect‐free first‐row d0 semiconductor (ZnO, GaN and InN) nanowires (NWs) and nanotubes (NTs). Under F, the band gap is reduced, and the mixing of the valence band edge (VBE) states is different from that of the conduction band edge (CBE) states due to the different delocalization tendencies of the bands. After the band gap is closed at a critical F value, separation of charges and localization of holes occur owing to the exotic electronic structure. Quantitative studies indicate that the presence of spontaneous magnetization is caused by localization of sufficient 2p holes around O/N at one side of the nanostructures, and the critical F value decreases as the diameter increases. Since it is easy to apply and unapply an external electric field in practice, our results provide a viable way for inducing and tuning magnetic properties of d0 semiconductor nanostructures.
Monitoring intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy using the fetal myocardial performance index: a cohort study
Authors: Henry A. , Welsh A. W.
Published: December 2014

Objective

To investigate use of the fetal myocardial performance index (MPI) in assessing intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP).

Methods

This was a cohort study including cross‐sectional and longitudinal data from 31 women with ICP recruited from June 2012 to March 2014. Fetal left, right and delta MPI (LMPI, RMPI and DMPI), and routine measures of fetal growth and wellbeing, were obtained at each ultrasound examination. Results were evaluated with respect to gestational age (GA)‐adjusted reference intervals, level of maternal serum bile acid (SBA) and fetal outcome. Lower SBA (≥ 7.5 and < 40 μmol/L) and high SBA (≥ 40 μmol/L) subgroups of cases were defined for the analysis.

Results

A total of 51 ultrasound examinations were performed in 33 fetuses. The mean LMPI, and means of its isovolumetric relaxation time (IRT) and isovolumetric contraction time (ICT) components were significantly higher in all subgroups of cases of ICP relative to the normal reference mean. Considering only the first examination in each case of ICP, IRT was significantly more prolonged in the high SBA group (n = 10) in comparison to the lower SBA group (n = 23) (52.7 ± 8.0 ms vs 47.3 ± 4.8 ms, P = 0.02), and both IRT (r = 0.538, P = 0.001) and LMPI (r = 0.367, P = 0.036) were significantly correlated with SBA concentration. The proportion of high SBA cases with LMPI, RMPI or DMPI > 2 SD above the GA‐adjusted reference mean was not significantly greater than for the lower SBA group. On analysis of all data from those cases with more than one examination, no significant correlation was found between SBA concentration and any of the MPI variables.

Conclusions

LMPI values increase above the population GA‐adjusted mean in cases of ICP, particularly amongst women with higher SBA. A significant correlation between IRT and LMPI at initial examination and increasing SBA concentration was found. A future multicenter prospective study may clarify the prognostic utility of MPI in ICP. Copyright © 2014 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Influence of the PM-Processing Route and Nitrogen Content on the Properties of Ni-Free Austenitic Stainless Steel
Authors: Lefor Kathrin , Walter M. , Weddeling A. , Hryha E. , Huth S. , Weber S. , Nyborg L. , Theisen W.
Published: December 2014

Ni-free austenitic steels alloyed with Cr and Mn are an alternative to conventional Ni-containing steels. Nitrogen alloying of these steel grades is beneficial for several reasons such as increased strength and corrosion resistance. Low solubility in liquid and δ-ferrite restricts the maximal N-content that can be achieved via conventional metallurgy. Higher contents can be alloyed by powder-metallurgical (PM) production via gas–solid interaction. The performance of sintered parts is determined by appropriate sintering parameters. Three major PM-processing routes, hot isostatic pressing, supersolidus liquid phase sintering (SLPS), and solid-state sintering, were performed to study the influence of PM-processing route and N-content on densification, fracture, and mechanical properties. Sintering routes are designed with the assistance of thermodynamic calculations, differential thermal analysis, and residual gas analysis. Fracture surfaces were studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, secondary electron microscopy, and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Tensile tests and X-ray diffraction were performed to study mechanical properties and austenite stability. This study demonstrates that SLPS process reaches high densification of the high-Mn-containing powder material while the desired N-contents were successfully alloyed via gas–solid interaction. Produced specimens show tensile strengths >1000 MPa combined with strain to fracture of 60 pct and thus overcome the other tested production routes as well as conventional stainless austenitic or martensitic grades.
Polymorphic Variation in the Epigenetic GeneDNMT3BModulates the Environmental Impact on Cognitive Ability: A Twin Study
Authors: Córdova-Palomera A. , Fatjó-Vilas M. , Kebir O. , Gastó C. , Krebs M.O. , Fañanás L.
Published: December 2014

Background:

Though cognitive abilities in adulthood are largely influenced by individual genetic background, they have also been shown to be importantly influenced by environmental factors. Some of these influences are mediated by epigenetic mechanisms. Accordingly, polymorphic variants in the epigenetic geneDNMT3Bhave been linked to neurocognitive performance. Since monozygotic (MZ) twins may show larger or smaller intrapair phenotypic differences depending on whether their genetic background is more or less sensitive to environmental factors, a twin design was implemented to determine if particular polymorphisms in theDNMT3Bgene may be linked to a better (worse) response to enriched (deprived) environmental factors.

Methods:

Applying the variability gene methodology in a sample of 54 healthy MZ twin pairs (108 individuals) with no lifetime history of psychopathology, twoDNMT3Bpolymorphisms were analyzed in relation to their intrapair differences for either intellectual quotient (IQ) or working memory performance.

Results:

MZ twin pairs with the CC genotype for rs406193 SNP showed statistically significant larger intrapair differences in IQ than CT pairs.

Conclusions:

Results suggest thatDNMT3Bpolymorphisms may explain variability in the IQ response to either enriched or impoverished environmental conditions. Accordingly, the applied methodology is shown as a potentially valuable tool for determining genetic markers of cognitive plasticity. Further research is needed to confirm this specific result and to expand on other putative genetic markers of environmental sensitivity.
Assessing the contingent effects of collaboration on agility performance in buyer–supplier relationships
Authors: Narayanan Sriram , Narasimhan Ram , Schoenherr Tobias
Published: December 2014

Several studies in the buyer–supplier relationship literature have addressed the impact of collaboration on agility performance. While some studies have concluded that collaboration leads to beneficial effects, others have questioned the positive effects of collaboration on relationship performance. Drawing on contingency theory and transaction cost economics (TCE), we seek to better understand the linkage among collaboration, trust and agility performance in a buyer–supplier relationship. Further, we study the contingent influence of requirements certainty and supplier asset specificity, two key TCE constructs in buyer–supplier relationships, on the collaboration–agility performance relationship. We show that while trust mediates the impact of collaboration on agility performance, the indirect effect of collaboration on agility performance via trust is significant only beyond a threshold level of collaboration. The theoretical implication of this result is that the performance relationship is non‐linear, a result that has not been recognized in current literature. The practical implication is that organizations need to establish a certain level of collaboration before its positive impact can be realized. In addition, we show that the impact of collaboration on agility performance in buyer–supplier sourcing relationships can be positive, negative or neutral depending on the levels of trust, supplier asset specificity and requirements certainty, emphasizing the need to develop contingency theories.
Collected Papers on English Legal History
Authors: Baker John
Published: December 2014

Over the last forty years, Sir John Baker has written on most aspects of English legal history, and this collection of his writings includes many papers that have been widely cited. Providing points of reference and foundations for further research, the papers cover the legal profession, the inns of court and chancery, legal education, legal institutions, legal literature, legal antiquities, public law and individual liberty, criminal justice, private law (including contract, tort and restitution) and legal history in general. An introduction traces the development of some of the research represented by the papers, and cross-references and new endnotes have been added. A full bibliography of the author's works is also included.
Therapeutic Kinship Care: A Carer's Perspective
Authors: McPherson Lynne , MacNamara Noel
Published: December 2014

Kinship-care placements in Australia are now more prevalent than foster care and are the fastest growing form of out-of-home care in this country (AIHW, 2014). On 30 June 2013, 93% of Australian children in out-of-home care were in home-based care, with 43% of these in foster care and 48% in relative/kinship care (AIHW, 2014). The past decade has seen a greater understanding of children's needs in out-of-home care, with models of therapeutic care showing promise in Australia and internationally. These models, however, are designed almost exclusively for children placed in foster care or residential care, and as such do not consider the unique features of kinship care. This paper will identify the needs of children in out-of-home care, before briefly examining the concepts of therapeutic foster care as a response to children who have experienced trauma. Key distinctions between foster care and kinship care will be highlighted and implications for a conceptual model of therapeutic kinship care discussed.
Strengthening Trauma-informed Therapeutic Practice Approaches in Out-of-home Care
Authors: Manley Lynda , Barr Ruth , McNamara Patricia
Published: December 2014

This paper provides a snapshot of early work undertaken to develop a trauma-informed complex case management and therapeutic practice model for kinship and foster care within a family and community services agency. The approach taken has initially involved supporting case workers and carers and working towards organisational cultural change. The shift in focus described arose from a concern that stability and healing goals were not well supported within the existing programmatic framework and practice approaches. Purposeful integration of theory with practice has been central to the change process. There is a clear rationale that working from a strong evidence base can create better outcomes for children and young people in out-of-home care. The paper reflects on work in progress. Action taken to date has educated the workforce around trauma-informed responses, developed clear protocols and a set of practice tools. This has embedded a strong foundation for further development as resources become available.
Management and ownership control in foreign investments: An analysis of the influence of isomorphism and quality of institutions
Authors: Déniz-Déniz Mª de la Cruz , García-Cabrera Antonia Mercedes
Published: December 2014

According to new institutionalism, this work simultaneously analyzes different methods of operating abroad – that is, joint venture, acquisition and greenfield – in terms of the level of management and ownership control they provide. This research studies the regulative and cognitive institutions that explain the multinational company’s choice of a particular level of that control for its subsidiaries years after entering a foreign country. We analyze 109 German firms with subsidiaries in Spain. The results show that the level of management and ownership control for the subsidiary responds to the institutional quality of the host country and the internal and especially external isomorphic pressures.
Family firms as incubators for ethical behavior: An exploratory study from the perspective of stewardship theory
Authors: Vallejo-Martos Manuel Carlos , Puentes-Poyatos Raquel
Published: December 2014

This work aims to determine whether family firms have differential characteristics that make them better incubators for ethical behavior from the perspective of stewardship theory. Results show that the psychological and situational factors that stewardship theory points to as determinants in the construction of principal–steward relationships are more evident in family firms than in non-family firms. These factors result in the behavior of owners and non-family employees becoming more ethical – with all the benefits this implies for these firms.
Strategic and architectural dimensions of the decision-making processes in South African multinational corporations
Authors: Luiz John M , Visser Grant
Published: December 2014

We examine the manner in which South African-owned multinationals devolve power to their international subsidiaries in Africa, and the resulting effects of the interaction between strategy and structure. The research suggests that a dynamic process of power distribution may develop, in terms of the following: (1) the performance of the subsidiary, its expertise and experience to adapt to local market demands; and (2) the multinational’s need to manage the risks propagated by the African operating environment in which it operates. There is a dual facet to power devolvement, one in which South African multinationals opt for risk mitigation through long-standing control, often at the expense of operational adaptation. In contrast with the literature, which sees multinational corporations as differentiated networks, in the South African case we find a more traditional approach with clear headquarters and ‘miniature replica’ subsidiaries. This suggests that South African multinational corporations are still emerging and that it will take time to develop differentiated networks.
Tournament Mechanism in Wine-Grape Contracts: Evidence from a French Wine Cooperative
Authors: Fares M'hand , Orozco Luis
Published: December 2014

This article analyzes the contractual relationship between a wine cooperative (winery) and its member (growers). This relationship is plagued by moral hazard and adverse selection problems in grape quality. Indeed, growers can be opportunistic since the cooperative is unable to observe: (1) their effort level due to imperfect monitoring technology; and (2) their productive abilities (types) due to adverse selection. Because the growers' vineyard practices and efforts are one of the main determinants of grape quality, the cooperative implements an incentive compensation system to induce growers to make the maximum effort toward the achievement of quality. This compensation scheme is similar to that in tournaments (Green and Stokey, 1983; Knoeber, 1989; Lazear and Rosen, 1981; Prendergast, 1999). In our case, the cooperative promotes competition between growers by offering a promotion to a higher-quality contract, while, at the same time, organizing the contest by creating homogeneous groups of growers using a menu of contracts and monitoring through regular visits to the vineyard. Using a database of 1,219 contracts, we test the effect of: (1) the cooperative's tournament compensation scheme; (2) the menu of contracts and monitoring mechanism. The results of our econometric estimations provide some confirmation of both effects. (JEL classifications: L14, D82, Q13)
Complying, Transforming or Resisting in the New Austerity? Realigning Social Welfare and Independent Action among English Voluntary Organisations
Authors: MILBOURNE LINDA , CUSHMAN MIKE
Published: December 2014

This paper considers implications for the English voluntary sector of recent shifts in the terms of engagement with the state following rapid political and policy changes under the UK Coalition government. It explores how ideas of what constitutes the voluntary sector are being reconstructed in policy and practical settings, examining processes contributing to re-shaping the voluntary sector's conception of itself and beliefs about legitimate activities and aspirations. It draws on theories of institutional isomorphism and governmentality to explore these changes which appear to be modifying and restricting the voluntary sector's role in social welfare, limiting its influence and its ability to act simultaneously within and against the state. The paper argues the integral role of the state in recasting the roles of different sectors but also discusses the extent to which voluntary sector compliance is necessary to ensure organisational survival, asking what spaces exist for independent activity and resistance.
Design of the three-bus control system utilising periodic relay for a centipede-like robot
Authors: Wei Tianqi , Luo Qingsheng , Mo Yang , Wang Yong , Cheng Zhineng
Published: December 2014

A centipede-like robot, which has high degrees of freedom (DOFs) and similar body segments, requires new real-time control to achieve diverse gaits. Therefore, we have studied the movement characteristics of multi-legged creatures and determined the features for a gait periodic relay. An instruction-relay control scheme, the three-bus control system and the required software were then designed. In our experiments with the designed control system, different gaits for the robot could be achieved, and the phase difference between body segments could be changed by altering the delay time. As a whole, this control system could accomplish the required control task and reasonably simplify the gait control algorithms and procedures.
Autophagy and ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis may not be involved in the degradation of spermatozoon mitochondria in mouse and porcine early embryos
Authors: Jin Yong-Xun , Zheng Zhong , Yu Xian-Feng , Zhang Jia-Bao , Namgoong Suk , Cui Xiang-Shun , Hyun Sang-Hwan , Kim Nam-Hyung
Published: December 2014

The mitochondrial genome is maternally inherited in animals, despite the fact that paternal mitochondria enter oocytes during fertilization. Autophagy and ubiquitin-mediated degradation are responsible for the elimination of paternal mitochondria in Caenorhabditis elegans; however, the involvement of these two processes in the degradation of paternal mitochondria in mammals is not well understood. We investigated the localization patterns of light chain 3 (LC3) and ubiquitin in mouse and porcine embryos during preimplantation development. We found that LC3 and ubiquitin localized to the spermatozoon midpiece at 3 h post-fertilization, and that both proteins were colocalized with paternal mitochondria and removed upon fertilization during the 4-cell stage in mouse and the zygote stage in porcine embryos. Sporadic paternal mitochondria were present beyond the morula stage in the mouse, and paternal mitochondria were restricted to one blastomere of 4-cell embryos. An autophagy inhibitor, 3-methyladenine (3-MA), did not affect the distribution of paternal mitochondria compared with the positive control, while an autophagy inducer, rapamycin, accelerated the removal of paternal mitochondria compared with the control. After the intracytoplasmic injection of intact spermatozoon into mouse oocytes, LC3 and ubiquitin localized to the spermatozoon midpiece, but remnants of undegraded paternal mitochondria were retained until the blastocyst stage. Our results show that paternal mitochondria colocalize with autophagy receptors and ubiquitin and are removed after in vitro fertilization, but some remnants of sperm mitochondrial sheath may persist up to morula stage after intracytoplasmic spermatozoon injection (ICSI).
A Robust Generic Method for Grid Detection in White Light Microscopy Malassez Blade Images in the Context of Cell Counting
Authors: Marin Ambroise , Denimal Emmanuel , Guyot Stéphane , Journaux Ludovic , Molin Paul
Published: December 2014

In biology, cell counting is a primary measurement and it is usually performed manually using hemocytometers such as Malassez blades. This work is tedious and can be automated using image processing. An algorithm based on Fourier transform filtering and the Hough transform was developed for Malassez blade grid extraction. This facilitates cell segmentation and counting within the grid. For the present work, a set of 137 images with high variability was processed. Grids were accurately detected in 98% of these images.
Total-Scattering Pair-Distribution Function of Organic Material from Powder Electron Diffraction Data
Authors: Gorelik Tatiana E. , Schmidt Martin U. , Kolb Ute , Billinge Simon J. L.
Published: December 2014

This paper shows that pair-distribution function (PDF) analyses can be carried out on organic and organometallic compounds from powder electron diffraction data. Different experimental setups are demonstrated, including selected area electron diffraction and nanodiffraction in transmission electron microscopy or nanodiffraction in scanning transmission electron microscopy modes. The methods were demonstrated on organometallic complexes (chlorinated and unchlorinated copper phthalocyanine) and on purely organic compounds (quinacridone). The PDF curves from powder electron diffraction data, called ePDF, are in good agreement with PDF curves determined from X-ray powder data demonstrating that the problems of obtaining kinematical scattering data and avoiding beam damage of the sample are possible to resolve.
Leukotrienes induce the migration of Th17 cells
Authors: Lee Wonyong , Su Kim Hyeong , Lee Gap Ryol
Published: December 2014

Th17 cell trafficking in response to leukotriene signaling is poorly understood. Here we showed that Th17 cells express high levels of leukotriene B4 receptor 1 (LTB4R1) and cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 1 (CysLTR1). Th17 cells migrated under the guidance of leukotriene B4 and D4. The migration of Th17 cells was more efficient than that of Th1 and Th2 cells, and it was blocked by specific inhibitors of LTB4R1 or CysLTR1. Studies in an animal model of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis revealed that treatment with montelukast alleviated disease symptoms and inhibited the recruitment of Th17 cells to the central nervous system. Thus, leukotrienes may act as chemoattractants for Th17 cells.
Transposable element islands facilitate adaptation to novel environments in an invasive species
Authors: Schrader Lukas , Kim Jay W. , Ence Daniel , Zimin Aleksey , Klein Antonia , Wyschetzki Katharina , Weichselgartner Tobias , Kemena Carsten , Stökl Johannes , Schultner Eva , Wurm Yannick , Smith Christopher D. , Yandell Mark , Heinze Jürgen , Gadau Jürgen , Oettler Jan
Published: December 2014

Adaptation requires genetic variation, but founder populations are generally genetically depleted. Here we sequence two populations of an inbred ant that diverge in phenotype to determine how variability is generated.Cardiocondyla obscuriorhas the smallest of the sequenced ant genomes and its structure suggests a fundamental role of transposable elements (TEs) in adaptive evolution. Accumulations of TEs (TE islands) comprising 7.18% of the genome evolve faster than other regions with regard to single-nucleotide variants, gene/exon duplications and deletions and gene homology. A non-random distribution of gene families, larvae/adult specific gene expression and signs of differential methylation in TE islands indicate intragenomic differences in regulation, evolutionary rates and coalescent effective population size. Our study reveals a tripartite interplay between TEs, life history and adaptation in an invasive species.
Theoretical predictions for hot-carrier generation from surface plasmon decay
Authors: Sundararaman Ravishankar , Narang Prineha , Jermyn Adam S. , Goddard III William A. , Atwater Harry A.
Published: December 2014

Decay of surface plasmons to hot carriers finds a wide variety of applications in energy conversion, photocatalysis and photodetection. However, a detailed theoretical description of plasmonic hot-carrier generation in real materials has remained incomplete. Here we report predictions for the prompt distributions of excited ‘hot’ electrons and holes generated by plasmon decay, before inelastic relaxation, using a quantized plasmon model with detailed electronic structure. We find that carrier energy distributions are sensitive to the electronic band structure of the metal: gold and copper produce holes hotter than electrons by 1–2 eV, while silver and aluminium distribute energies more equitably between electrons and holes. Momentum-direction distributions for hot carriers are anisotropic, dominated by the plasmon polarization for aluminium and by the crystal orientation for noble metals. We show that in thin metallic films intraband transitions can alter the carrier distributions, producing hotter electrons in gold, but interband transitions remain dominant.
A general method for the fabrication of graphene–nanoparticle hybrid material
Authors: Park Jaehyeung , Jayawardena H. Surangi N. , Chen Xuan , Jayawardana Kalana W. , Sundhoro Madanodaya , Ada Earl , Yan Mingdi
Published: December 2014

We describe a simple and general approach to conjugate nanoparticles on pristine graphene.
α-Alkylation of a norbornene-derived tricyclic ketone: are steric factors really in control?
Authors: Harned Andrew M.
Published: December 2014

DFT calculations reveal that torsional strain and a strong conformational preference, rather than steric influences, dictate the observed stereoselectivity.
Structurally simple complexes of CO2
Authors: Murphy Luke J. , Robertson Katherine N. , Kemp Richard A. , Tuononen Heikki M. , Clyburne Jason A. C.
Published: December 2014

A wide range of structurally characterized adducts of CO2are discussed in this review, from the strongly bound, charge assisted carbamate complexes through the weaker halide and pseudo-halide complexes to the weakest possible inclusion complexes.
Modulating protein–protein interactions: the potential of peptides
Authors: Nevola Laura , Giralt Ernest
Published: December 2014

An updated review focused on the latest progress in the field of peptides as modulators of protein–protein interactions.
A 3-dimensional {42·84} lvt net built from a ditopic bis(3,2′:6′,3″-terpyridine) tecton bearing long alkyl tails
Authors: Maximilian Klein Y. , Constable Edwin C. , Housecroft Catherine E. , Prescimone Alessandro
Published: December 2014

Divergent bis(4,2′:6′,4″-terpyridine) and bis(3,2′:6′,3″-terpyridine) tectons act as 4-connecting nodes and we demonstrate the assembly of a 3D {42·84} lvt net from the reaction of 1,4-bis(n-octoxy)-2,5-bis(3,2′:6′,3″-terpyridin-4′-yl)benzene and Co(NCS)2.
Thermodynamic insights into the self-assembly of capped nanoparticles using molecular dynamic simulations
Authors: de Moura André F. , Bernardino Kalil , Dalmaschio Cleocir J. , Leite Edson R. , Kotov Nicholas A.
Published: December 2014

Although the molecular modeling of self-assembling processes stands as a challenging research issue, there have been a number of breakthroughs in recent years.
The effect of sugar stereochemistry on protein self-assembly: the case of β-casein micellization in different aldohexose solutions
Authors: Setter Ofer , Livney Yoav D.
Published: December 2014

Sugars promote self-assembly of amphiphilic proteins. The effectiveness of sugar stereoisomers correlates positively with their dynamic hydration number and negatively with their hydrophobic-to-hydrophilic molecular surface ratio.
Fullerene-like boron clusters stabilized by an endohedrally doped iron atom: BnFe with n = 14, 16, 18 and 20
Authors: Tam Nguyen Minh , Pham Hung Tan , Duong Long Van , Pham-Ho My Phuong , Nguyen Minh Tho
Published: December 2014

Stabilized fullerene and tubular forms can be produced in boron clusters Bnin small sizes fromn∼ 14 to 20 upon doping by transition metal atoms.
Three new solvent-directed Cd(ii)-based MOFs with unique luminescent properties and highly selective sensors for Cu2+ cations and nitrobenzene
Authors: Wu Yunlong , Yang Guo-Ping , Zhao Yanqing , Wu Wei-Ping , Liu Bo , Wang Yao-Yu
Published: December 2014

Three new solvent-directed MOFs were yielded in different solvent systems. The luminescent properties of the MOFs were studied via UV light at ambient temperature, especially for 3, which showed highly selective sensitivity for sensing Cu2+ ions and NB molecules.
Ionic liquid induced inactivation of cellobiohydrolase I from Trichoderma reesei
Authors: Li Weifeng , Wang Lushan , Zhou Ruhong , Mu Yuguang
Published: December 2014

Ionic liquid cations can intrude into the cellulase active site and inactivate it by blocking the cellooligomer binding.
Neutron resonance transmission imaging for 3D elemental mapping at the ISIS spallation neutron source
Authors: Festa Giulia , Cippo Enrico Perelli , Di Martino Daniela , Cattaneo Roberta , Senesi Roberto , Andreani Carla , Schooneveld Erik , Kockelmann Winfried , Rhodes Nigel , Scherillo Antonella , Kudejova Petra , Biro Katalin , Duzs Krisztina , Hajnal Zsuzsa , Gorini Giuseppe
Published: December 2014

NRTI: a new non-destructive neutron-based technique for the image reconstruction of the bulk elemental composition.
A monolithic glass chip for active single-cell sorting based on mechanical phenotyping
Authors: Faigle Christoph , Lautenschläger Franziska , Whyte Graeme , Homewood Philip , Martín-Badosa Estela , Guck Jochen
Published: December 2014

We present a novel microfluidic glass chip for combined fluorescence detection, mechanical phenotyping of cells by optical stretching and subsequent sorting.
A multiple path photonic lab on a chip for parallel protein concentration measurements
Authors: Rodríguez-Ruiz Isaac , Conejero-Muriel Mayte , Ackermann Tobias N. , Gavira José A. , Llobera Andreu
Published: December 2014

The multiple path photonic lab on a chip allows accurate spectrophotometric measurements with minute amounts of the sample.
Hydrogen generation and degradation of trypan blue using fern-like structured silver-doped TiO2nanoparticles
Authors: Ravishankar Thammadihalli Nanjundaiah , Ramakrishnappa Thippeswamy , Nagabhushana Hanumanthappa , S. Souza Virginia , Dupont Jairton , Nagaraju Ganganagappa
Published: December 2014

TiO2:Ag nanoparticles have been prepared using an ionic liquid assisted hydrothermal method, which generate 2230 μmol g−1of hydrogen in 2.5 h.
Syntheses and biological studies of marine terpenoids derived from inorganic cyanide
Authors: Schnermann Martin J. , Shenvi Ryan A.
Published: December 2014

The isolation, chemical syntheses, biological activity and hypothetical mechanisms of action of marine isocyanoterpenes (ICTs) are discussed in detail.
Laser-ablation production of graphene oxide nanostructures: from ribbons to quantum dots
Authors: Lin T. N. , Chih K. H. , Yuan C. T. , Shen J. L. , Lin C. A. J. , Liu W. R.
Published: December 2014

A new one-step method for the preparation of graphene oxide (GO) nanostructures has been developed by pulsed laser ablation in GO solution.
Peptide synthesis beyond DMF: THF and ACN as excellent and friendlier alternatives
Authors: Jad Yahya E. , Acosta Gerardo A. , Khattab Sherine N. , de la Torre Beatriz G. , Govender Thavendran , Kruger Hendrik G. , El-Faham Ayman , Albericio Fernando
Published: December 2014

To date, DMF has been considered as the only solvent suitable for peptide synthesis.
A review: microRNA detection methods
Authors: Tian Tian , Wang Jiaqi , Zhou Xiang
Published: December 2014

MicroRNA (miRNA) detection is of considerable significance in both disease diagnosis and in the study of miRNA function.
Benzosulfones as photochemically activated sulfur dioxide (SO2) donors
Authors: Malwal Satish R. , Chakrapani Harinath
Published: December 2014

A series of benzosulfones were synthesized and found to undergo photolysis to generate sulfur dioxide in aqueous buffer.
Three dimensional metal oxides–graphene composites and their applications in lithium ion batteries
Authors: Zai Jiantao , Qian Xuefeng
Published: December 2014

The review focuses on the effects of morphology, composition and interaction of 3d metal oxide–graphene composites on the performances of libs.
A self-assembled triphenylamine-based fluorescent chemosensor for selective detection of Fe3+ and Cu2+ ions in aqueous solution
Authors: Wenfeng Li , Hengchang Ma , con Lu , Yuan Ma , Chunxuan Qi , Zhonwei Zhang , Zengming Yang , Haiying Cao , ziqiang Lei
Published: December 2014

Triphenylamine-based fluorescent chemosensor m-TAPA (S) shows high selectivity and sensitivity toward Fe3+/Cu2+ in natural and drinking water. Additionally, the TCL strips serve as a simple method for detection of Fe3+/Cu2+ at the nanomolar range.
A novel synthesis of Fe2O3@activated carbon composite and its exploitation for the elimination of carcinogenic textile dye from an aqueous phase
Authors: Reza Ruhul Amin , Ahmaruzzaman M.
Published: December 2014

The present work reports the synthesis of Fe2O3@activated carbon composites by the co-precipitation of iron salts onto activated carbon.
Design of TiO2/Au nanoparticle films with controlled crack formation and different architectures using a centrifugal strategy
Authors: Taleb Abdelhafed , Mesguich Frederic , Onfroy Thomas , Yanpeng Xue
Published: December 2014

Centrifugal strategy is demonstrated to enable the design of hybrid nanocomposite films with controllable architecture, porosity, crack density and thickness.
Facile method of preparation of PbS films for NO2detection
Authors: Navale S. T. , Bandgar D. K. , Chougule M. A. , Patil V. B.
Published: December 2014

A simple and inexpensive chemical bath deposition method was employed for the preparation of lead sulfide (PbS) thin films.
A pair of bubbles’ rising dynamics in a xanthan gum solution: a CFD study
Authors: Islam Md. Tariqul , Ganesan P. , Cheng Ji
Published: December 2014

The motion and interaction of a bubble pair in a non-Newtonian fluid are numerically simulated by a volume of fluid method. The effects of initial horizontal bubble interval, oblique alignment and fluid rheological properties on the pair of rising bubbles are evaluated.
A novel, facile, rapid, solvent free protocol for the one pot green synthesis of chromeno[2,3-d]pyrimidines using reusable nano ZnAl2O4– a NOSE approach and photophysical studies
Authors: Umamahesh Balijapalli , Mandlimath Triveni Rajashekhar , Sathiyanarayanan Kulathu I.
Published: December 2014

The preparation of an eco-friendly, highly stable, reusable nano ZnAl2O4was used as an excellent catalyst for the pseudo four component synthesis of a library of fluorescent chromeno[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives.
Correction: Chitosan (PEO)/bioactive glass hybrid nanofibers for bone tissue engineering
Authors: Talebian Sepehr , Mehrali Mehdi , Mohan Saktiswaren , Balaji raghavendran Hanumantha rao , Mehrali Mohammad , Khanlou Hossein Mohammad , Kamarul Tunku , Afifi Amalina Muhammad , Abbas Azlina Amir
Published: December 2014

Correction for ‘Chitosan (PEO)/bioactive glass hybrid nanofibers for bone tissue engineering’ by Sepehr Talebian et al., RSC Adv., 2014, 4, 49144–49152.
Dynamics of high-speed micro-drop impact: numerical simulations and experiments at frame-to-frame times below 100 ns
Authors: Visser Claas Willem , Frommhold Philipp Erhard , Wildeman Sander , Mettin Robert , Lohse Detlef , Sun Chao
Published: December 2014

Technologies including (3D-) (bio-)printing, diesel engines, laser-induced forward transfer, and spray cleaning require optimization and therefore understanding of micrometer-sized droplets impacting at velocities beyond 10 m s−1.
Capillary based Li–air batteries for in situ synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction studies
Authors: Storm Mie Møller , Johnsen Rune E. , Younesi Reza , Norby Poul
Published: December 2014

A novel design for in situ X-ray diffraction Li–O2 battery reveals the crystallographic details for the precipitation and decomposition of Li2O2 for the 1st and 2nd cycles of the battery.
Synthesis of hierarchical porous N-doped sandwich-type carbon composites as high-performance supercapacitor electrodes
Authors: Luo Huaxing , Liu Zhenyu , Chao Lumeng , Wu Xiaochao , Lei Xiaodong , Chang Zheng , Sun Xiaoming
Published: December 2014

Sandwich-type N-doped graphene based carbon materials with a wrinkled sheet-like morphology were prepared, and they demonstrated remarkable performances as supercapacitor electrodes.
Biodegradable and renewable poly(lactide)–lignin composites: synthesis, interface and toughening mechanism
Authors: Sun Yang , Yang Liping , Lu Xuehong , He Chaobin
Published: December 2014

Lignin, a biomass, is grafted with biodegradable rubber to simultaneously toughen and strengthen poly(lactide) owing to strong matrix/filler interactions and the existence of rubber between “rigid” lignin and matrix facilitating force transfer and craze formation.
A solution-processable bipolar diketopyrrolopyrrole molecule used as both electron donor and acceptor for efficient organic solar cells
Authors: Shi Hangqi , Fu Weifei , Shi Minmin , Ling Jun , Chen Hongzheng
Published: December 2014

A DPP molecule has appropriate energy levels and bipolar charge-transport properties for both donor and acceptor in OSCs.
The Effect of Personality on IT Personnel's Job-Related Attitudes: Establishing a Dispositional Model of Turnover Intention across IT Job Types
Authors: Eckhardt Andreas , Laumer Sven , Maier Christian , Weitzel Tim
Published: December 2014

Research on IT personnel has observed that the major predictors for turnover intention are job satisfaction and organizational commitment. However, less is known about how these predictors are determined and how they vary according to the different job types of IT personnel. Hence, we develop and evaluate a dispositional model of turnover intention across IT job types as the first approach in IT turnover research combining the personality traits of the five-factor model and the basic turnover model found among Western IS professionals into one research model. By the help of the model we analyze the role of personality in IT personnel turnover across four groups of IT roles: consultants, programmers, system engineers, and system administrators. The results of an empirical analysis of 813 IT personnel reveal significant differences across the four groups in terms of personality and job-related attitudes. In terms of personality traits, system engineers rank highest in openness and conscientiousness, IT consultants in extraversion, programmers in neuroticism, and system administrators in agreeableness. In 50% of all cases, personality traits are significant predictors for job-related attitudes. Additionally, they indirectly affect IT personnel turnover intention. Neuroticism, extraversion, and conscientiousness are also important indirect predictors for turnover intention, whereas openness has only a weak effect and agreeableness no measurable effect.
Survey of the high resolution infrared spectrum of methane (12CH4 and 13CH4): Partial vibrational assignment extended towards 12 000 cm−1
Authors: Ulenikov O. N. , Bekhtereva E. S. , Albert S. , Bauerecker S. , Niederer H. M. , Quack M.
Published: December 2014

We have recorded the complete infrared spectrum of methane 12CH4 and its second most abundant isotopomer 13CH4 extending from the fundamental range starting at 1000 cm−1 up to the overtone region near 12 000 cm−1 in the near infrared at the limit towards the visible range, at temperatures of about 80 K and also at 298 K with Doppler limited resolution in the gas phase by means of interferometric Fourier transform spectroscopy using the Bruker IFS 125 HR prototype (ZP 2001) of the ETH Zürich laboratory. This provides the so far most complete data set on methane spectra in this range at high resolution. In the present work we report in particular those results, where the partial rovibrational analysis allows for the direct assignment of pure (J = 0) vibrational levels including high excitation. These results substantially extend the accurate knowledge of vibrational band centers to higher energies and provide a benchmark for both the comparison with theoretical results on the one hand and atmospheric spectroscopy on the other hand. We also present a simple effective Hamiltonian analysis, which is discussed in terms of vibrational level assignments and 13C isotope effects.
3D parallel-detection microwave tomography for clinical breast imaging
Authors: Epstein N. R. , Meaney P. M. , Paulsen K. D.
Published: December 2014

A biomedical microwave tomography system with 3D-imaging capabilities has been constructed and translated to the clinic. Updates to the hardware and reconfiguration of the electronic-network layouts in a more compartmentalized construct have streamlined system packaging. Upgrades to the data acquisition and microwave components have increased data-acquisition speeds and improved system performance. By incorporating analog-to-digital boards that accommodate the linear amplification and dynamic-range coverage our system requires, a complete set of data (for a fixed array position at a single frequency) is now acquired in 5.8 s. Replacement of key components (e.g., switches and power dividers) by devices with improved operational bandwidths has enhanced system response over a wider frequency range. High-integrity, low-power signals are routinely measured down to −130 dBm for frequencies ranging from 500 to 2300 MHz. Adequate inter-channel isolation has been maintained, and a dynamic range >110 dB has been achieved for the full operating frequency range (500–2900 MHz). For our primary band of interest, the associated measurement deviations are less than 0.33% and 0.5° for signal amplitude and phase values, respectively. A modified monopole antenna array (composed of two interwoven eight-element sub-arrays), in conjunction with an updated motion-control system capable of independently moving the sub-arrays to various in-plane and cross-plane positions within the illumination chamber, has been configured in the new design for full volumetric data acquisition. Signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) are more than adequate for all transmit/receive antenna pairs over the full frequency range and for the variety of in-plane and cross-plane configurations. For proximal receivers, in-plane SNRs greater than 80 dB are observed up to 2900 MHz, while cross-plane SNRs greater than 80 dB are seen for 6 cm sub-array spacing (for frequencies up to 1500 MHz). We demonstrate accurate recovery of 3D dielectric property distributions for breast-like phantoms with tumor inclusions utilizing both the in-plane and new cross-plane data.
Intervalence charge transfer luminescence: Interplay between anomalous and 5d − 4f emissions in Yb-doped fluorite-type crystals
Authors: Barandiarán Zoila , Seijo Luis
Published: December 2014

In this paper, we report the existence of intervalence charge transfer (IVCT) luminescence in Yb-doped fluorite-type crystals associated with Yb2+–Yb3+ mixed valence pairs. By means of embedded cluster, wave function theory ab initio calculations, we show that the widely studied, very broad band, anomalous emission of Yb2+-doped CaF2 and SrF2, usually associated with impurity-trapped excitons, is, rather, an IVCT luminescence associated with Yb2+–Yb3+ mixed valence pairs. The IVCT luminescence is very efficiently excited by a two-photon upconversion mechanism where each photon provokes the same strong 4f14–1A1g→ 4f13(2F7/2)5deg–1T1u absorption in the Yb2+ part of the pair: the first one, from the pair ground state; the second one, from an excited state of the pair whose Yb3+ moiety is in the higher 4f13(2F5/2) multiplet. The Yb2+–Yb3+ → Yb3+–Yb2+ IVCT emission consists of an Yb2+ 5deg → Yb3+ 4f7/2 charge transfer accompanied by a 4f7/2 → 4f5/2 deexcitation within the Yb2+ 4f13 subshell: [2F5/25deg,2F7/2] → [2F7/2,4f14]. The IVCT vertical transition leaves the oxidized and reduced moieties of the pair after electron transfer very far from their equilibrium structures; this explains the unexpectedly large band width of the emission band and its low peak energy, because the large reorganization energies are subtracted from the normal emission. The IVCT energy diagrams resulting from the quantum mechanical calculations explain the different luminescent properties of Yb-doped CaF2, SrF2, BaF2, and SrCl2: the presence of IVCT luminescence in Yb-doped CaF2 and SrF2; its coexistence with regular 5d-4f emission in SrF2; its absence in BaF2 and SrCl2; the quenching of all emissions in BaF2; and the presence of additional 5d–4f emissions in SrCl2 which are absent in SrF2. They also allow to interpret and reproduce recent experiments on transient photoluminescence enhancement in Yb2+-doped CaF2 and SrF2, the appearance of Yb2+ 4f–5d absorption bands in the excitation spectra of the IR Yb3+ emission in partly reduced CaF2:Yb3+ samples, and to identify the broadband observed in the excitation spectrum of the so far called anomalous emission of SrF2:Yb2+ as an IVCT absorption, which corresponds to an Yb2+ 4f5/2 → Yb3+ 4f7/2 electron transfer.
Conformal killing tensors and covariant Hamiltonian dynamics
Authors: Cariglia M. , Gibbons G. W. , van Holten J.-W. , Horvathy P. A. , Zhang P.-M.
Published: December 2014

A covariant algorithm for deriving the conserved quantities for natural Hamiltonian systems is combined with the non-relativistic framework of Eisenhart, and of Duval, in which the classical trajectories arise as geodesics in a higher dimensional space-time, realized by Brinkmann manifolds. Conserved quantities which are polynomial in the momenta can be built using time-dependent conformal Killing tensors with flux. The latter are associated with terms proportional to the Hamiltonian in the lower dimensional theory and with spectrum generating algebras for higher dimensional quantities of order 1 and 2 in the momenta. Illustrations of the general theory include the Runge-Lenz vector for planetary motion with a time-dependent gravitational constant G(t), motion in a time-dependent electromagnetic field of a certain form, quantum dots, the Hénon-Heiles and Holt systems, respectively, providing us with Killing tensors of rank that ranges from one to six.
Regimes of miscible fluid thread formation in microfluidic focusing sections
Authors: Cubaud Thomas , Notaro Sara
Published: December 2014

We experimentally study the formation and stability of miscible fluid threads made of high-viscosity liquids using hydrodynamic focusing sections. Miscible core annular flows are useful for transporting viscous materials and can be destabilized for enhancing mass transfer. We delineate phase-diagrams of the generation of lubricated threads from low to large viscosity contrasts with various diffusion coefficients. Depending on fluid properties and flow rates of injection, stable microflows are classified into engulfment, thread, and tubing regimes. For low Péclet numbers, we examine thread dynamics when diffusive effects strongly alter basic flow structures and induce new flow configurations, including ultra-diffusive and diffusive instability regimes. Another unstable flow arrangement is investigated for moderate Reynolds numbers where small threads are rapidly destabilized in the inertial flow field of the sheath fluid near the fluid junction. This study provides an overview of stable and unstable flow regimes and their transitions during the formation of miscible viscous fluid filaments in square microchannels.