bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Passenger Ride Comfort during Vertical Vibration of Mid-size Saloon and Off-road Vehicles on Asphalt Roads
Authors: Abouel-Seoud Shawki A.
Published: January 2015

Ride comfort in road vehicles is related to vehicle vibration levels and the perception of passenger fatigue. In this study, vibration in vertical direction on the seat and floor are measured to characterise the ride comfort based on standard formulae and frequency analysis. A mid-size saloon vehicle and an off-road vehicle are driven on smooth, spalled and coarse asphalt road surfaces. To assess the vertical vibrations transmitted to the passengers, vibration dose values, Kurtosis, frequency response functions and power spectral densities of the compartment recorded signals were evaluated. Seat effective amplitude transmissibility value based on vibration RMS and vibration dose values were also evaluated. The results indicate that the vibration dose value increases in proportional to the vehicle speed and road roughness.
Predictors of Well-Being in Resident Physicians: A Descriptive and Psychometric Study
Authors: Kassam Aliya , Horton Joan , Shoimer Ilya , Patten Scott
Published: January 2015

Background

It is important to describe the characteristics of well-being in resident physicians to develop resident wellness initiatives in postgraduate medical education.

Objective

To characterize the predictors of well-being in resident physicians by assessing personal and work-related burnout, work dissatisfaction, nutritional needs while on call, and sleep needs while on call.

Methods

We set up an online survey in 2012 to collect data from current residents at the University of Calgary in Canada. The WHO-Five Well-Being Index, personal and work-related subscales of the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory, questions on work dissatisfaction, as well as sleep and nutrition management needs while on call, were used in the survey. Descriptive statistics, univariate analysis, and linear regression were applied to the data.

Results

The survey response rate was 45% (317 of 706) of eligible residents, with a mean age of 30.9 years (SD  =  4.3). Fifty-three percent (168 of 317) of residents had a well-being score of 13 or less, indicating poor mental well-being. There were significant differences between men and women with respect to personal burnout (47.9 versus 54.2, P  =  .002) and work-related burnout (46.4 versus 50.4, P  =  .008). The only significant predictors of well-being overall were personal burnout and work dissatisfaction.

Conclusions

Survey results suggest that a high proportion of residents at this institution have low well-being. This study did not find work-related burnout to be a significant predictor of well-being, after adjustment for other variables.
Relationship Between the Number of Residency Applications and the Yearly Match Rate: Time to Start Thinking About an Application Limit?
Authors: Weissbart Steven J. , Kim Soo Jeong , Feinn Richard S. , Stock Jeffrey A.
Published: January 2015

Background

There has been an increase in the number of applications medical students have submitted for the National Residency Matching Program (NRMP). These additional applications are associated with significant costs and may contribute to match inefficiency.

Objective

We explored if match rates improved in years when an increased number of applications were submitted.

Methods

We analyzed yearly published data from the NRMP and the Electronic Residency Application Service for 13 specialties. A generalized linear model was used to assess the relationship between the annual match rate and the mean number of applications submitted per applicant, while controlling for the number of positions available and the number of applicants in the given year.

Results

Over the last 13 years there has been an increase in the mean number of applications submitted per applicant (P < .001). For the 13 assessed medical specialties, there was no statistically significant relationship between the mean number of applications per applicant per year submitted to the NRMP, and the annual match rate (odds ratios near 1.00 and nonsignificant, P values > .05).

Conclusions

There was no improvement in the match rate in years when medical students submitted an increased number of applications. Therefore, it would appear that the applicants do not benefit from the larger number of applications submitted. Further study is required to assess the cost and benefit of these additional applications.
Results of a Formal Mentorship Program for Internal Medicine Residents: Can We Facilitate Genuine Mentorship?
Authors: Cohee Brian M. , Koplin Stephen A. , Shimeall William T. , Quast Timothy M. , Hartzell Joshua D.
Published: January 2015

Background

Mentorship programs are perceived as valuable, yet little is known about the effect of program design on mentoring effectiveness.

Intervention

We developed a program focused on mentoring relationship quality and evaluated how subsequent relationships compared to preexisting informal pairings.

Methods

Faculty members were invited by e-mail to participate in a new mentoring program. Participants were asked to complete a biography, subsequently provided to second- and third-year internal medicine residents. Residents were instructed to contact available mentors, and ultimately designate a formal mentor. All faculty and residents were provided a half-day workshop training, written guidelines, and e-mails. Reminders were e-mailed and announced in conferences approximately monthly. Residents were surveyed at the end of the academic year.

Results

Thirty-seven faculty members completed the biography, and 70% (26 of 37) of residents responded to the survey. Of the resident respondents, 77% (20 of 26) chose a formal mentor. Of the remainder, most had a previous informal mentor. Overall, 96% (25 of 26) of the residents had identified a mentor of some kind compared to 50% (13 of 26) before the intervention (P < .001), and 70% (14 of 20) who chose formal mentors identified them as actual mentors. Similar numbers of residents described their mentors as invested in the mentorship, and there was no statistical difference in the number of times mentors and mentees met.

Conclusions

Facilitated selection of formal mentors produced relationships similar to preexisting informal ones. This model may increase the prevalence of mentorship without decreasing quality.
Using SEVIRI fire observations to drive smoke plumes in the CMAQ air quality model: the case of Antalya in 2008
Authors: Baldassarre G. , Pozzoli L. , Schmidt C. C. , Unal A. , Kindap T. , Menzel W. P. , Whitburn S. , Coheur P.-F. , Kavgaci A. , Kaiser J. W.
Published: January 2015

Abstract. Among the atmospheric emission sources, wildfires are episodic events characterized by large spatial and temporal variability. Therefore, accurate information on fire gaseous and aerosol emissions for specific regions and seasons is critical for air quality forecasts. The Spinning Enhanced Visible and Infrared Imager (SEVIRI) in geostationary orbit provides fire observations over Africa and the Mediterranean with a unique temporal resolution of 15 min. It thus resolves the complete fire life cycle and captures the fires' peak intensities, which is not possible in MODIS-based fire emission inventories like GFAS. We evaluate two different operational Fire Radiative Power (FRP) products derived from SEVIRI, by studying the case of a large forest fire in Antalya, Turkey, in July–August 2008. The EUMETSAT LSA SAF product has higher FRP values during the fire episode than the WF_ABBA product. It is also in better agreement with the co-located, gridded MODIS FRP. Both products miss small fires that frequently occur in the region and are detected by MODIS. Emissions are derived from the FRP products. They are used along-side GFAS emissions in smoke plume simulations with WRF and the Community Multiscale Air Quality model (CMAQ). Comparisons with MODIS AOT and IASI CO and NH3 observations show that including the diurnal variability of fire emissions improves the spatial distribution and peak concentrations of the simulated smoke plumes associated to the large fire. They also show a large discrepancy between the currently available operational FRP products, with the LSA SAF one being the most appropriate.
Determination of car on-road black carbon and particle number emission factors and comparison between mobile and stationary measurements
Authors: Ježek I. , Drinovec L. , Ferrero L. , Carriero M. , Močnik G.
Published: January 2015

Abstract. We have used two methods for measuring emission factors (EFs) in real driving conditions on five cars in a controlled environment: the stationary method, where the investigated vehicle drives by the stationary measurement platform and the composition of the plume is measured, and the chasing method, where a mobile measurement platform drives behind the investigated vehicle. We measured EFs of black carbon and particle number concentration. The stationary method was tested for repeatability at different speeds and on a slope. The chasing method was tested on a test track and compared to the portable emission measurement system. We further developed the data processing algorithm for both methods, trying to improve consistency, determine the plume duration, limit the background influence and facilitate automatic processing of measurements. The comparison of emission factors determined by the two methods showed good agreement. EFs of a single car measured with either method have a specific distribution with a characteristic value and a long tail of super emissions. Measuring EFs at different speeds or slopes did not significantly influence the EFs of different cars; hence, we propose a new description of vehicle emissions that is not related to kinematic or engine parameters, and we rather describe the vehicle EF with a characteristic value and a super emission tail.
Imaging tropical peatlands in Indonesia using ground penetrating radar (GPR) and electrical resistivity imaging (ERI): implications for carbon stock estimates and peat soil characterization
Authors: Comas X. , Terry N. , Slater L. , Warren M. , Kolka R. , Kristijono A. , Sudiana N. , Nurjaman D. , Darusman T.
Published: January 2015

Abstract. Current estimates of carbon (C) storage in peatland systems worldwide indicate tropical peatlands comprise about 15% of the global peat carbon pool. Such estimates are uncertain due to data gaps regarding organic peat soil thickness and C content. Indonesian peatlands are considered the largest pool of tropical peat carbon (C), accounting for an estimated 65% of all tropical peat while being the largest source of carbon dioxide emissions from degrading peat worldwide, posing a major concern regarding long-term sources of greenhouse gases to the atmosphere. We combined a set of indirect geophysical methods (ground penetrating radar, GPR, and electrical resistivity imaging, ERI) with direct observations from core samples (including C analysis) to better understand peatland thickness in West Kalimantan (Indonesia) and determine how geophysical imaging may enhance traditional coring methods for estimating C storage in peatland systems. Peatland thicknesses estimated from GPR and ERI and confirmed by coring indicated variation by less than 3% even for small peat-mineral soil interface gradients (i.e. below 0.02°). The geophysical data also provide information on peat matrix attributes such as thickness of organomineral horizons between peat and underlying substrate, the presence of wood layers, buttressed trees and soil type. These attributes could further constrain quantification of C content and aid responsible peatland management in Indonesia.
Analyses of uncertainties and scaling of groundwater level fluctuations
Authors: Liang X. Y. , Zhang Y.-K.
Published: January 2015

Abstract. Analytical solutions for the variance, covariance, and spectrum of groundwater level, h(x, t), in an unconfined aquifer described by a linearized Boussinesq equation with random source/sink and initial and boundary conditions were derived. It was found that in a typical aquifer the error in h(x, t) in early time is mainly caused by the random initial condition and the error reduces as time progresses to reach a constant error in later time. The duration during which the effect of the random initial condition is significant may last a few hundred days in most aquifers. The constant error in h(x, t) in later time is due to the combined effects of the uncertainties in the source/sink and flux boundary: the closer to the flux boundary, the larger the error. The error caused by the uncertain head boundary is limited in a narrow zone near the boundary and remains more or less constant over time. The aquifer system behaves as a low-pass filter which filters out high-frequency noises and keeps low-frequency variations. Temporal scaling of groundwater level fluctuations exists in most part of a low permeable aquifer whose horizontal length is much larger than its thickness caused by the temporal fluctuations of areal source/sink.
Analogue experiments of salt flow and pillow growth due to basement faulting and differential loading
Authors: Warsitzka M. , Kley J. , Kukowski N.
Published: January 2015

Abstract. Salt flow in sedimentary basins is mainly driven by differential loading and can be described by the concept of hydraulic head. A hydraulic head in the salt layer can be imposed by vertically displacing the salt layer (elevation head) or the weight of overburden sediments (pressure head). Basement faulting in salt-bearing extensional basins is widely acknowledged as a potential trigger for hydraulic heads and the growth of salt structures. In this study, scaled analogue experiments were designed to examine the kinematics of salt flow during the early evolution of a salt structure triggered by basement extension. In order to distinguish flow patterns driven by elevation head or by pressure head, we applied a short pulse of basement extension, which was followed by a long-lasting phase of sedimentation. During the experiments viscous silicone putty simulated ductile rock salt, and a PVC-beads/quartz-sand mixture was used to simulate a brittle supra-salt layer. In order to derive 2-D incremental displacement and strain patterns, the analogue experiments were monitored using an optical image correlation system (particle imaging velocimetry). By varying layer thicknesses and extension rates, the influence of these parameters on the kinematics of salt flow were tested. Model results reveal that significant flow can be triggered in the viscous layer by small-offset basement faulting. During basement extension downward flow occurs in the viscous layer above the basement fault tip. In contrast, upward flow takes place during post-extensional sediment accumulation. Flow patterns in the viscous material are characterized by channelized Poiseuille-type flow, which is associated with subsidence in regions of "salt" expulsion and surface uplift in regions of inflation of the viscous material. Inflation of the viscous material eventually leads to the formation of pillow structures adjacent to the basement faults (primary pillows). The subsidence of peripheral sinks adjacent to the primary pillow causes the formation of additional pillow structures at large distance from the basement fault (secondary pillows). The experimentally obtained structures resemble those of some natural extensional basins, e.g. the North German Basin or the Mid-Polish Trough, and can aid understanding of the kinematics and structural evolution of sedimentary basins characterized by the presence of salt structures.
Elemental quantification, chemistry, and source apportionment in golf course facilities in semi-arid urban landscape using portable x-ray fluorescence spectrometer
Authors: Udeigwe T. K. , Young J. , Kandakji T. , Weindorf D. C. , Mahmoud M. A. , Stietiya M. H.
Published: January 2015

Abstract. This study extends the application of the portable x-ray fluorescence (PXRF) spectrometry to examination of elements in semi-arid urban landscapes of the Southern High Plains (SHP) of the United States (US), focusing on golf courses. The complex environmental challenges of this region and the unique management practices at golf course facilities could lead to differences in concentration and chemistry of elements between managed (irrigated) and non-managed (non-irrigated) portions of these facilities. Soil samples were collected at the depths of 0–10, 10–20, and 20–30 cm from managed and non-managed areas of seven different facilities in the city of Lubbock, Texas, and analyzed for a suite of soil properties. Total elemental quantification was conducted using PXRF. Findings mostly indicated no significant differences in concentration of examined elements between the managed and non-managed areas of the facilities. However, strong positive relationships (R2 = 0.82–0.91, p < 0.001) were observed among elements (e.g. Fe and each of Cr, Mn, Ni, and As; Cu and Zn; As and Cr) and between these elements and soil constituents or properties such as clay, calcium carbonate, organic matter, and pH. The strengths of these relationships were mostly higher in the non-managed areas, suggesting possible alteration in the chemistry of these elements by anthropogenic influences. Principal component analyses (PCA) and correlation analyses within the managed areas suggested that As, Cr, Fe, Mn, and Ni could be of lithogenic origin, while Cu, Pb, and Zn were attributed to anthropogenic influences. Only one possible source of element, likely lithogenic, was identified within non-managed areas. As evidenced from the study, the PXRF can be a valuable tool for elemental quantification, and rapid investigation of elemental interaction and source apportionment in semi-arid climates.
Anomalous radioactivity level and high concentrations of heavy minerals in Lemme area, South-West Estonia
Authors: Raukas Anto , Koch Rein , Jüriado Krista , Järvelill Johanna-Iisebel
Published: January 2015

Abstract As early as in the 1960s, extensive heavy-mineral concentrations containing zircon, monazite, and xenotime were discovered in the Lemme region of south-western Estonia. These concentrations contribute to the elevated radioactivity levels of the enclosing sediments. The near shore sands of the Litorina Sea contain up to 10-cm-thick interlayers with a heavy mineral content of up to 80%. These anomalous layers were formed during the transgressive phase and result from a complicated cross- and alongshore migration of sedimentary material, derived mainly from local Devonian bedrock. Radioactivity level in the study area is higher relative to the majority of the Devonian plateau. The Lemmeoja buried soil has 13 radiocarbon dates in an area of renewed interest for the investigation of the Baltic Sea history.
Sediment deposition in the Puck Lagoon (Southern Baltic Sea, Poland)
Authors: Szymczak Ewa , Szmytkiewicz Angelika
Published: January 2015

The article describes present-day processes related to the tributary, sediment flux and sediment deposition in the Puck Lagoon (Southern Baltic Sea). In situ sediment traps were used for determining the aforementioned parameters. Both the sediment sources and the amount of inflowing sediment were taken into account during the study. Based on the sediment trap data, a distinct zone of sediment deposition was revealed in the central part of the Puck Lagoon. The rate of sediment deposition in the Rzucewo Deep equalled 8.02 mm y-1, while in the other parts of the Puck Lagoon it ranged from 1.9 to 3.9 mm y-1. The data of sediment inflow and sediment deposition rates provide a basis for predicting the future sedimentation conditions in the Puck Lagoon
Weather conditions during a transatlantic flight of Lituanica on July 15–17, 1933
Authors: Sviderskytė Gražina , Stankūnavičius Gintautas , Rimkus Egidijus
Published: January 2015

Abstract This article focuses on the 1933 transatlantic flight of the airplane Lituanica and weather conditions en-route. Using reanalysis methods and comparative analysis of historiographical data, the authors aimed to restore the weather conditions and to evaluate pilots’ decision-making process in rapidly changing situation during a flight from New York to Kaunas. In this study, the apparent flight path of Lituanica (actual flight path remains undocumented) was divided into three stages, with weather conditions investigated for each segment. The findings suggest that weather-based decision making was essential throughout most of the flight and could have played a vital role in the final stage. Over the European mainland, deteriorated weather conditions became unfavourable to maintaining the heading to Lithuania. The adverse weather had forced pilots to abandon their flight plan and consequently led to an attempted forced landing and the fatal crash in Germany.
Diatom-based estimation of sea surface salinity in the south Baltic Sea and Kattegat
Authors: Kotrys Bartosz , Tomczak Michał , Witkowski Andrzej , Harff Jan , Seidler Jan
Published: January 2015

A new diatom-based sea surface salinity (SSS) estimation has been applied to a collection of 27 taxa in 48 present-day sediment and surface water samples recovered in the Baltic Sea and Kattegat. The sediment core 303610-12 (2005) from the Eastern Gotland was chosen for study of Holocene sequence, ranging the last 8160 yrs BP. The Artificial Neuronal Network (ANN) method allows the estimation of spring SSS (March-April) values ranging between 7.04 ‰ and 8.25 ‰ at an averaged Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) of 0.49 ‰. The rather low amplitude of salinity change might be caused by mixing of fresh water with upper surface layer of the Baltic Sea due to high precipitation and riverine input. The estimates of spring SSS from core 303610-12 were compared with independent geochemical proxies for salinity (K, Ti and S) derived from XRF Core Scanner record. Conspicuous correlation between salinity and sulphur records and reverse-correlation to K and Ti demonstrates that the ANN method combined with quantitative and qualitative analyses of diatoms provides a useful tool for palaeosalinity reconstructions in the Holocene sediments of the Baltic Sea
Assessment of the riverine hydrokinetic energy resources in Lithuania
Authors: Jakimavičius Darius , Gailiušis Brunonas , Šarauskienė Diana , Jurgelėnaitė Aldona , Meilutytė-Lukauskienė Diana
Published: January 2015

The hydro-energy resources are considered as promising renewable energy sources, which emphasizes the need for assessment of theoretical hydrokinetic energy resources stored in Lithuanian rivers. This article presents the results of an investigation of the theoretical hydrokinetic energy in small and medium-size rivers. A total of 282 rivers (1487 segments) were examined and the relationships were established for evaluation of their hydrological and morphological indicators, such as river depth, width, and flow velocity. Only 41 rivers (328 segments) were identified as having a theoretical hydrokinetic potential. The total length of these valuable river segments reaches 2000 km. The estimated kinetic energy capacity calculated for a 1 km channel segment is 45.3 kW in South-eastern, 40.8 kW in Western, and 38.2 kW in Central Lithuania.
La visibilidad de los resultados de la investigación de los programas de posgrado de la UNAH
Authors: Romero Ramón , Salgado Ramón
Published: January 2015

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5377/rct.v0i12.1700 Revista Ciencia y Tecnología, No. 12, junio 2013: 17-24
Conocimientos sobre atención primaria en salud de trabajadores de salud en Lempira y Francisco Morazán, 2010-2011
Authors: Sainz Emilia Lorenza Alduvín
Published: January 2015

Este estudio analiza los conocimientos en Participación Social, Intersectorialidad y Atención Familiar y Comunitaria, de la Estrategia de Atención Primaria en Salud APS que tienen los recursos humanos de las Unidades de Salud (US) con modelo de gestión centralizado y descentralizado de Lempira y Francisco Morazán, Honduras, durante 2010-2011. Es un estudio cuantitativo, transversal, comparativo, desarrollado en veintinueve municipios. Se seleccionaron US comparables, con más de un año en funcionamiento, 50% de personal permanente, y similar nivel de complejidad. Se aplicó un instrumento de conocimientos a 109 recursos humanos de US centralizadas, y a 118 de descentralizadas, entre Médicos, Licenciadas en Enfermería, Auxiliares de Enfermería y Bachilleres Técnicos en Salud. Los resultados indican que las US descentralizadas, dedican más personal para promoción de la salud; menos de la mitad de los entrevistados identifican valores y principios de APS, mayormente los Bachilleres Técnicos en Salud; no se evidenciaron diferencias significativas en conocimientos en APS entre ambos modelos de gestión, sino más bien, por profesiones. Se concibe APS como labor no profesional.En Participación Comunitaria e Intersectorialidad, los conocimientos de los Bachilleres Técnicos en Salud fueron significativamente mayores. Se concluye que la implementación de la Estrategia APS continúa siendo un desafío en el sistema de salud en las regiones estudiadas; la autopercepción sobre los trabajadores de salud que aplican APS no guarda relación con el nivel de conocimientos en APS demostrado. Hace falta mayor desarrollo de equipos interdisciplinarios en el sistema de salud. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5377/rct.v0i12.1704 Revista Ciencia y Tecnología, No. 12, junio 2013: 74-88
CULTURAS DE SUCESSÃO AO MILHO NA DINÂMICA POPULACIONAL DE PLANTAS DANINHAS
Authors: SODRÉ FILHO Joilson , CARMONA Ricardo , CARDOSO Alexandre Nunes , CARVALHO Arminda Moreira de
Published: January 2015

O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar o efeito das culturas de sucessão ao milho (aveia-preta, crotalária júncea, feijão-bravo-do-ceará, guandu, mucuna cochinchinense, girassol e milheto) na dinâmica de plantas daninhas nos sistemas convencional de preparo do solo e plantio direto no Cerrado. A matéria seca das plantas daninhas foi avaliada aos 60 dias após a semeadura das culturas de sucessão e a população de plantas daninhas aos 30 e 60 dias após a semeadura das culturas de sucessão, e aos 45 dias após a semeadura do milho. Estimou-se o banco de sementes de plantas daninhas no solo nas áreas das culturas de sucessão em julho de 2001 e de 2002. As espécies aveia-preta, feijão-bravo-do-ceará, girassol, guandu e mucuna cochinchinense, utilizadas em sucessão ao milho, reduziram a matéria seca das plantas daninhas. O plantio direto reduziu o banco de sementes de plantas daninhas no solo, porém apresentou maior taxa de emergência de plântulas no campo, em relação ao sistema convencional. O uso de culturas de sucessão aliado ao não revolvimento do solo reduz o banco de sementes de plantas daninhas no solo.
Leonard Roberts, The Farmer-Lewis-Muncy Family, and the Magic Circle of the Mountain Märchen (American Folklore Society Fellows Invited Plenary Address, October 2008)
Authors: Lindahl Carl
Published: January 2015

This address—presented at the American Folklore Society’s 2008 Annual Meeting in Louisville, Kentucky—celebrates the narrators and narratives recorded by Kentucky folklorist Leonard Roberts (1912–1983) and commemorates Roberts’s first audio folktale recording, a 1949 performance of “Merrywise” by Janie Muncy (now Margarett Jane Muncy Fugate). The narrator’s memories and interpretations reveal mountain märchen telling as three continuous arcs: the forestory (the pool of previous images, tellers, and stories that frame the tale), the performance (the tale itself in the moment of oral creation), and the understory (the tale as re-created simultaneously and lived inside the listener). The performance is the only audible arc in this three-part circle of narration: each telling inspires an understory, which then becomes the unheard script for the forestory that shapes the next performance. Through saturation fieldwork and by coming together with performers and collectors—as on the occasion of this address—folklorists attain greater understanding of the dynamics of the full narrative circle.
Kita and Kosmos: The Poetics of Ornamentation in Bosniac and Homeric Epic
Authors: Elmer David F.
Published: January 2015

Milman Parry recorded detailed interviews with Bosniac singers of oral epic. Based on an analysis of these recordings, this article extends Parry’s comparison of poetic form in Bosniac and Homeric epic to examine the internal aesthetic criteria of these traditions. The comparison hinges on the similarity of the Bosniac notion of kita, which refers to the ornamental, descriptive details of a song, and the Homeric notion of kosmos, which refers to the orderly arrangement of details. These concepts are similar insofar as each involves the negotiation of the relationship between a notional reality in the past and the representation of that reality in epic song. The ways in which both traditions address this relationship point to the importance of concrete imagery for the stability of memory in oral tradition.
АПЕК-ИЙН ҮЙЛ АЖИЛЛАГААНЫ ЯВЦ БА ӨНӨӨГИЙН БАЙДАЛ
Authors: Batjargal D
Published: January 2015

АПЕК буюу Ази-Hомхон далайн бvс нутгийн эдийн засгийн хамтын ажиллагааны байгууллага нь 1989 оны 11 дvгээр сард Австралийн нийслэл Канберрад энэ бvс нутгийн 12 орны гадаад хэргийн болон гадаад худалдаа, эдийн засгийн сайд нар “Ази-Номхон далайн эдийн засгийн хамтын ажиллагаа /Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation буюу APEC/” гэсэн форумыг зохион байгуулснаар АПЕК-ийн эхлэл тавигдаж, энэхүү бага хурал буюу форум нь жил бүр тогтмол хуралдсаар байна. АПЕК–нь «байгууллага» гэхээсээ илүү тодорхой зорилт дээр нэгдсэн бүс нутгийн эдийн засгийн хамтын ажиллагааны «vйл явц» болж, бүс нутгийн орнуудын өсөн нэмэгдэж байгаа хамтын ажиллагаа, эдийн засгийн тvргэн өсөлт, худалдаа, хөрөнгө оруулалтыг либералчлалын аргаар баталгаажуулах зорилготой. Дэлхийн хүн амын 40 хувийг эзэлдэг форумын гишүүн орнуудад олон улсын эдийн засгийн тал хувь нь ноогддог ба дэлхийн ДНБ-ний 54 хувь, олон улсын худалдааны эргэлтийн 44 хувийг бүрдүүлдэг байна.Title: APEC activity and current situation DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5564/jis.v0i1.382
The botanical legacy of Thomas Hardwicke’s journey to Srinagar in 1796
Authors: Turner Ian M.
Published: January 2015

In 1796, Thomas Hardwicke travelled through northern India between what is now Fatehgarh in Uttar Pradesh and Srinagar in Uttarakhand. Hardwicke collected and described plants encountered and had many of the plants illustrated from life. He published an account of the journey in 1799 including a list of plant species. I review the names validated in the original paper, and also those published subsequently by Sir James Edward Smith and William Roxburgh based partly or wholly on the material or drawings acquired by Hardwicke on the journey to Srinagar. The large collection of Hardwicke plant drawings now held in the British Library, and a smaller set in the Botany Library of the Natural History Museum, are considered in relation to the application and typification of plant names related to Hardwicke’s botanical exploration in India. The names of seven plant species were validly published in the 1799 paper (Androsace rotundifolia Hardw., Ficus laminosa Hardw., Justicia thyrsiformis Roxb. ex Hardw., Linum trigynum Roxb. ex Hardw., Lonicera quinquelocularis Hardw., Salvia integrifolia Roxb. ex Hardw. and Volkameria bicolor Hardw.), plus one new combination (Echites antidysentericus (L.) Roxb. ex Hardw.). As concluded by Britten more than a century ago, Ficus laminosa is the correct name for the fig variously referred to F. saemocarpa Miq. or F. squamosa Roxb. Smith based Rhododendron arboreum Sm. and Bignonia undulata Sm. on Hardwicke plants. At least a dozen Roxburgh names, including Crataegus integrifolia Roxb., Gardenia tetrasperma Roxb. and Morus serrata Roxb., are based, at least partly, on Hardwicke’s collections. In total, 23 names are lectotypified here and one neotype is designated.
Reverse Stock Splits in the Biotechnology Industry: An Effectuation Approach
Authors: Wu Wei , Couch Robert , Suharto Yulianto , Ahn Mark J.
Published: January 2015

Using an effectuation theory lens, we study reverse stock splits in the biotech industry where significant uncertainty makes specific scenarios of success difficult to predict. We conjecture and find that, in contrast to other environments where there is less uncertainty, reverse stock splits in the biotech industry are followed by positive abnormal returns over the subsequent 1- to 12-months. Also consistent with our effectuation-based predictions, we find that these returns are positively related to the reverse split ratio, size, cash holding, and long-term debt, and negatively related to the market-to-book ratio and firm age. We also find that liquidity increases after a reverse stock split. These results suggest that the concept of effectuation theory is better suited to analyzing reverse stock splits in the biotech industry.Â
Using Biotechnology, CSI, and Zombies to Promote Science Education in one of Americaâ€™s Most Challenging Regions
Authors: Menshew David Eugene
Published: January 2015

This paper examines the creation of a forensic biotechnology program that engages students, promotes science learning beyond the classroom and makes available novel STEM opportunities to an area which previously had little biotechnology educational offerings. Findings indicate improved student performance in comparisons with non-program students in the same school site as well as district and state. Students connect with core science concepts through the use of their existing interest in popular media topics such as Crime Scene Investigation and zombies. Highly motivated learners then have shared their engagement in STEM learning through numerous public science outreach efforts and vertical articulation from grades K to university promoting science education.
President's Message: Twitter Nodes to Networks: Thoughts on the #litaforum
Authors: Vacek Rachel
Published: January 2015

President's Message: Twitter Nodes to Networks: Thoughts on the #litaforum
A Truncated Search Key Title Index
Authors: Long Philip L. , Kilgour Frederick
Published: January 2015

An experiment showing that 3, 1, 1, 1, search keys derived from titles are sufficiently specific to be an efficient computerized, interactive index to a file of 135,938 MARC II records.
BIBLIOS Revisited
Authors: Kountz John C.
Published: January 2015

In the following, Orange County Public Library's earlier reports on its BIBLIOS system are updated. Book catalog and circulation control modules are detailed, development and operation costs documented, and a cost comparison for acquisitions cited.
The Shared Cataloging System of the Ohio College Library Center
Authors: Kilgour Frederick G. , Long Philip L. , Landgraf Alan L. , Wyckoff John A.
Published: January 2015

Development and implementation of an off-line catalog card production system and an on-line shared cataloging system are described. In off-line production, average cost per card for 529,893 catalog cards in finished form and alphabetized for filing was 6.57 cents. An account is given of system design and equipment selection for the on-line system. File organization and programs are described, and the on-line cataloging system is discussed. The system is easy to use, efficient, reliable, and cost beneficial.
Computer-Based Subject Authority Files at the University of Minnesota Libraries
Authors: Grosch Audrey N.
Published: January 2015

A computer-based system to produce listings of topical sub;ect terms and geographically subdivided terms is described. The system files and their associated listings are called the Subject Authority File (SAF) and the Geographic Authority File (GAF). Conversion, operation, problems, and costs of the system are presented. Details of the optical scanning conversion, with illustrations, show the relative ease of the technique for simple upper case data files. Program and data characteristics are illustrated with record layouts and sample listings.
File Structure for an On-Line Catalog of One Million Titles
Authors: Dimsdale J. J.
Published: January 2015

A description is given of the file organization and design of an on-line catalog suitable for automation of a library of one million books. A method of virtual hash addressing allows rapid search of the indexes to the catalog file. Storage of textual material in a compressed form allows considerable reduction in storage costs.
Book Reviews
Authors: Namenwirth S. Micha , Husbands Charles W.
Published: January 2015

Book Reviews
Highlights of Minutes
Authors: Board of Directors ISAD
Published: January 2015

Highlights of Minutes
Grant Project Information via a Shared Data Base
Authors: Roberts Justine
Published: January 2015

A quarterly keyword index to campus grant projects is provided by the Health Science Library at the University of California, San Francisco, using a data base created and maintained by the campus' Contracts & Grants Office. The index is printed in KWOC format, using the chief investigator's name as the key to a section of project summaries. A third section is also included, listing the summaries under the name of the sponsoring department.
The Ad Hoc Discussion Group on Serials Data Bases: Its History, Current Position, and Future
Authors: Anable Richard
Published: January 2015

The Ad Hoc Discussion Group on Serials Data Bases: Its History, Current Position, and Future
Book Reviews
Authors: Hayes Robert M.
Published: January 2015

Book Reviews
Folheto educativo melhora o conhecimento de pais frente ao traumatismo alvéolo-dentário?
Authors: Frítola Márjori , Couto Ana Carolina Fernandes , Spinardi Denise , Junkes Mônica Carmen , Fraiz Fabian Calixto , Ferreira Fernanda de Morais
Published: January 2015

Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivo verificar a eficácia de um folheto educativo para melhorar o nível de conhecimento sobre o pronto-atendimento em casos de traumatismo alvéolo-dentário (TAD) por pais/responsáveis de crianças de até 12 anos. Materiais e Métodos: Uma amostra de 257 pais/responsáveis de crianças de até 12 anos de idade que faziam acompanhamento em Unidades de Saúde do Município de Colombo (PR) entre junho e setembro de 2012 respondeu a questionários com dados demográficos e socioeconômicos e sobre atitudes no prontoatendimento de casos de TAD (QTAD). O QTAD é um questionário autoaplicado, composto por 10 perguntas de múltipla escolha referentes a situações de avulsão, intrusão, extrusão e fratura na dentição decídua e permanente e foi aplicado antes (QTAD1) e imediatamente após (QTAD2) a leitura do folheto educativo. O folheto educativo se baseou nas orientações da Sociedade Brasileira de Traumatologia Dentária, continha instruções sobre como proceder diante de casos de TAD e possuía ilustrações coloridas das situações, linguagem simples e direta. Resultados: Após a leitura do folheto, houve aumento no escore total do QTAD (Teste de Wilcoxon, p < 0,001) e na frequência de acertos para a maioria das questões individuais, sendo o aumento mais expressivo para respondentes jovens (rs = -0,127, p = 0,042), com maior escolaridade (Teste de Mann-Whitney, p < 0,001), maior renda (rs = 0,135, p = 0,030) e menor escore em QTAD1 (rs = -0,524, p < 0,001). Conclusão: O folheto educativo mostrou-se um instrumento válido para melhorar o conhecimento de pais/responsáveis sobre o pronto-atendimento em casos de TAD em crianças.Descritores: Educação em saúde bucal. Traumatismos dentários. Conhecimento. Criança. Pais.
Is There a Burden-bearer?
Authors: Eltschinger Vincent
Published: January 2015

A controversy over the pudgala or “person” raged among Indian Buddhists for more than a millennium. Their polemics were at least as much a matter of canonical exegesis as of reasoning and argument, for the “mainstream” Buddhist doctors had to account for—and explain away—the numerous places in scripture where the Buddha speaks of the “person.” The Bhārahārasūtra or “sūtra on the bearer of the burden” was one of the scriptures most frequently quoted and discussed in this connection. The present paper is aimed at presenting a reconstructed Sanskrit version of this sūtra and providing an overview of the doctrinal and argumentative uses that were made of it in the context of the debates about the status of the “person.”
Julius Jolly: Kleine Schriften. Edited by Heidrun Brückner and Ingo Strauch following preparatory work by Albrecht Wezler
Authors: Rocher Ludo
Published: January 2015

Julius Jolly: Kleine Schriften. Edited by Heidrun Brückner and Ingo Strauch following preparatory work by Albrecht Wezler. Veröffentlichungen der Helmuth von Glasenapp-Stiftung, vols. 38.1 and 2. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 2012. Pp. xlviii + 1378.
Bedouin Ethnobotany: Plant Concepts and Uses in a Desert Pastoral World. By James P. Mandaville
Authors: Varisco Daniel Martin
Published: January 2015

Bedouin Ethnobotany: Plant Concepts and Uses in a Desert Pastoral World. By James P. Mandaville. Tucson: University of Arizona Press, 2011. Pp. xv + 397. $55.
Front Matter
Authors: Editors
Published: January 2015

Front matter
Use of male condom in adolescents
Authors: Oliveira Lúcia de Fátima Rodrigues de , Nascimento Ellany Gurgel Cosme do , Pessoa Júnior João Mário , Cavalcanti Marília Abrantes Fernandes , Miranda Francisco Arnoldo Nunes de , Alchiere João Carlos
Published: January 2015

Objetivo: Conhecer o comportamento sexual dos adolescentes do Ensino Médio quanto ao uso do preservativo masculino no município de Pau dos Ferros-RN. Método: Estudo do tipo descritivo-exploratório de abordagem quantitativa. Resultado: Os adolescentes iniciam sua atividade sexual cada vez mais precoce com uma diferença expressiva quanto ao tipo de parceiro em razão de sexo ponto a adesão ao preservativo ainda é inferior ao esperado, além disso, chama atenção os motivos que os levam a usar ou não o preservativo. Conclusão: Estudos sobre comportamentos sexuais saudáveis entre os adolescentes, com ênfase na proteção contra DSTs, considerando as diferenças de gênero são ainda necessários.
Nursing and leadership: perceptions of nurse managers from a hospital in southern Brazil
Authors: Alves Pereira Liliane , Smiths Primo Luciene , Geri Tomaschewisk-Barlem Jamila , Devos Barlem Edison Luiz , Marcelino Ramos Aline , Domingues Hirsch Carolina
Published: January 2015

OBJETIVO: identificar como enfermeiros gestores definem e exercem a liderança em um Hospital filantrópico do Sul do Brasil; identificar as formas de preparação destes enfermeiros para a atuação de liderança. MÉTODO: estudo quantitativo, realizado com 15 enfermeiros que trabalhavam nos cargos de gestão do referido hospital no ano de 2011. Para coleta de dados utilizou-se um questionário estruturado aplicado no campo da pesquisa. RESULTADOS: verificou-se que o conceito de liderança é reconhecido positivamente pelos enfermeiros e está associado à comunicação eficaz e eficiente e à ética, entretanto, a formação para tal, foi reduzida e limitada apenas ao período da graduação. Identificou-se ainda, que a resistência da equipe constitui a principal barreira para o exercício da liderança. CONCLUSÃO: se faz necessária uma formação específica no tocante à liderança para enfermagem, qualificando os profissionais para uma atuação mais competente, humanizada e ética.
The meaning of humanized childbirth for pregnant women
Authors: Versiani Clara de Cássia , Barbieri Márcia , Gabrielloni Maria Cristina , Fustinoni Suzete Maria
Published: January 2015

RESUMO: Objetivo: compreender o significado de parto humanizado na concepção de gestantes. Método: Estudo descritivo de natureza qualitativa com enfoque fenomenológico. Foram realizadas entrevistas semi-estruturadas com quinze gestantes matriculadas no ambulatório de pré-natal de um hospital universitário no município de Montes Claros/MG. Resultados: O tema central desvelado foi: Compreendendo o parto humanizado como aquele em que o profissional tenha como prerrogativa o relacionamento empático e a competência técnica que propicie à mulher a vivência de um trabalho de parto e parto fisiológico como protagonista durante este processo. Conclusão: As gestantes definem o parto humanizado pautado nas bases filosóficas da humanização do parto e nascimento preconizado pelo Ministério da Saúde que tem como princípios o relacionamento interpessoal e uma assistência competente.
The obstetrical and newborn profile of postpartum women in maternities in São Paulo
Authors: Santos Jaqueline Oliveira , Pacheco Tuane Soares , De Oliveira Priscila Silva , Pinto Vânia Lopes , Gabrielloni Maria Cristina , Barbieri Márcia
Published: January 2015

Objetivos: Descrever o perfil sociodemográfico e obstétrico das puérperas atendidas em São Paulo, verificar os dados perinatais e identificar o tipo de parto realizado. Métodos: Estudo descritivo, transversal, realizado com 424 puérperas. Os dados foram obtidos por meio de entrevista estruturada e dos prontuários. Utilizou-se a estatística descritiva para a análise. Resultados: Constatou-se predomínio de mulheres entre 21 e 30 anos (60,6%), cor parda (55,2%), ensino médio (65,8%), sem remuneração (57,3%), com companheiro (85,4%), primíparas (34,9%) e sem aborto anterior (78,8%). O parto normal foi realizado em 58,3% das mulheres. A maioria dos recém-nascidos era do sexo masculino (52,2%), com peso e estatura adequados (89,5% e 80,7%), e Apgar entre oito e dez nos primeiros minutos de vida (>90,0%). Conclusão: Houve predomínio de mulheres com pouca escolaridade e condições financeiras desfavoráveis, fatores que dificultam o acesso aos serviços de saúde, contribuindo para o aumento da morbimortalidade materna e neonatal.
Physical cardiorespiratory examination: knowledge of nursing students
Authors: De Araújo Patrício Anna Cláudia Freire , Alves Karoline de Lima , Santos Jiovana de Souza , Araruna Patrícia da Cruz , Duarte Marcella Costa Souto , Rodrigues Mayara Muniz Dias
Published: January 2015

Objetivo: detectar o conhecimento de acadêmicos do curso de enfermagem sobre o exame físico cardiorrespiratório. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, exploratório e quantitativo, amostra 144 estudantes de enfermagem de João Pessoa/Paraíba. Aplicou-se um questionário objetivo em setembro/outubro 2011, analisado pela estatística descritiva: frequência e percentual. Resultados: Identificaram-se as seguintes lacunas: localização da ausculta cardíaca 74(51,4%); parâmetros referentes à normorcadia e bradipnéia 112(77,8%); valores normais para pressão arterial sistólica e diastólica 133(92,4%); cuidados na verificação da pressão arterial 83(57,6%); sons e características da percussão torácica 108(75%); diferença da pressão arterial nos dois membros superiores 88(61,1%). Conclusão: O exame físico cardiorrespiratório não se configura como realidade dos estudantes de enfermagem, há ruptura no conhecimento que influenciam nos determinantes de saúde dos pacientes.
Vaccines of the basic scheme for the first year of life late in northeastern brazilian city
Authors: Cavalcante Conceição Ceanny Formiga Sinval , Martins Maria do Carmo de Carvalho e , Araújo Telma Maria Evangelista de , Nunes Benevina Maria Vilar Teixeira , Moura Maria Eliete Batista , Moita Neto José Machado
Published: January 2015

Objetivo:Avaliar o cumprimento do calendário básico de vacinação de crianças no primeiro ano de vida assistidas por equipes da Estratégia Saúde da Família em um município do nordeste brasileiro. Método: Estudo descritivo transversal com amostra probabilística proporcional constituída por 184 crianças. A carteira de vacinação foi utilizada como fonte de informação. Resultado: Vacinação em 100% das crianças foi encontrada apenas para a vacina BCG (contra a tuberculose) e primeira dose da vacina contra hepatite B. As menores proporções de crianças vacinadas foram encontradas para a tríplice viral (81,6%), vacina contra rotavírus (82,3%) e vacina pneumocócica (85,2%). Conclusão: Maiores atrasos na realização das vacinas foram encontrados para a vacina contra febre amarela, tríplice viral e vacina contra rotavírus. Descritores: Vacinas, Calendário de vacinação, Cuidado do lactente.