bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tax philosophy versus fiscal sociology: choice problem in teaching
Authors: Panova Tatiana V. , Panov Evgeny G.
Published: May 2021

The inconsistency of the established attitudes in the analysis of taxation within the framework of the philosophy of taxes and fiscal sociology is reflected in the conflict of teaching these disciplines. One of the ways to resolve the conflict was introducing in the educational environment of the world’s leading universities courses that considered the tax culture of contemporary societies. They allowed formulating new concepts that generalized the results of the symbolic analysis of taxation, complementing the consideration of it as a tool of the state’s fiscal policy. The analysis of this practice formed the basis of the present study. According to the results of the study, a way to overcome the indicated conflict is proposed based on the compatibility of the subject certainty of the philosophy of taxes and fiscal sociology. The authors put forward provisions for the coexistence of different tax systems competing in the taxpayer’s mind for the right to represent the social whole. On this basis, the following conceptual statement concerning taxation is formulated as a special kind of way of constructing social reality, which is diversely analyzed in different university courses. This kind of approach can bring the necessary humanitarian component not only to the teaching of special disciplines but also to the educational environment of a contemporary university in general.
New trends in HR technologies: overview of foreign studies
Authors: Sinyagina Natalia Yu.
Published: May 2021

The main aim of this work is theoretical studies of trends in HR technologies based on foreign and Russian publications and practice. This article highlights the most obvious trends of working with talented employees supported by attitude to talented persons, the analysis of various types of attitudes to them is performed; it is mentioned that positive attitude at present is one of the most important properties demanded by employers, since quite often it adds positive properties to a working team. The data were collected, classified and generalized using theoretical analysis, content analysis, and analytical synthesis of more than 50 scientific publications by researchers and practitioners from Australia, Great Britain, Germany, Russia, and the USA. This article presents the most significant results of the study. The trends of shifting the focus from equality in the relation to employees to fairness and the importance of fitting the culture of relations into the corporate culture are characterized. Generalized typology of talented employees is presented. The reasons of talented employees for leaving the company are analyzed. The importance of evaluation of skills to communicate with people, to find compromise is described, as well as of skills required for execution of this or that activity. Necessity of long-term well-considered relations with people, who are at the top in their working area, is mentioned.
Third generation universities: foreign experience and Russian practices
Authors: Kislyakov Anatoly S. , Chachua Tamara G.
Published: May 2021

The article analyzes the third generation universities and their main features according to the methodology developed by Johan Wissema. The world experience in building third generation universities can be based, according to the authors, on the three main models described in the present study, namely, the models used by Harvard, Cambridge, and the University of Ruse. The main purpose of the present study is to analyze the main advantages of third generation universities on the example of international and Russian practices. The universities, selected as research objects, not only show high results in international rankings and the scientific community but also have strategic importance for the development of their regions. However, the most important criterion remains the commercialization of know-how and the active involvement of the educational organization in the regional economy, which is demonstrated by all three universities selected for the analysis of global practices. Each of the presented models has its peculiar characteristics and can be adapted for forming the Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation (Financial University) into a new third generation university that can be created taking into account the capabilities and available facilities and resources, as well as the scientific and educational-methodological base.
Challenges of digitalization for higher education in Russia
Authors: Krainov Grigory N. , Panov Anatoly I. , Zubkov Sergei A.
Published: May 2021

The modern trend of education development is digitalization, transition from conventional classroom offline model to distance online education. Formation of global digital society was accelerated due to the COVID–19 pandemic, when significant portion of Earth population, including students, was forced to work, to study distantly. In this regard, this article discusses the responses of Russian system of higher education to current challenges of digitalization. This article analyzes interactive educational technologies of online, digital, e-learning, visualization and gamification of education, implementation of network structures. On the basis of analysis of the modern state of Russian higher education, the unsolved key issues are demonstrated as well as the main trends of the required changes. This work describes the urgent issues of development of regulatory framework of digital education, intensification of development of digital infrastructure of universities, digital training and further training of teachers and students, analysis and actualization of existing specialties and fields. Solution of the mentioned issues requires for legislative, organizational, administrative, technological, teaching and learning efforts of the country, universities, and society. A response of the Russian system of higher education to the challenges of digitalization can be comprised of formation of unified information and education portal of national universities, designing a model of digital university.
Origins of inclusive education of students in Ukraine
Authors: Dichek Nataliia
Published: May 2021

This study deals with the author’s version of the reconstruction of history of formation and development of the state approach to the education of children with disabilities (or special educational needs) in Ukraine in the period 1920–2019. For the first time, a systematic coverage of the experience gained by Ukraine in correctional and rehabilitation work and education of such children and the individualization of education of students with primary academic failure at primary school. The contribution of Ukrainian teachers and psychologists to the development of special pedagogy is briefly covered. Particular attention is paid to the ideas of Yu. Hilbukh (1920–2000) in the context of primary school education for students having diffculties in mastering the curriculum, which we consider a variable annunciator of inclusive education. The change of the pedagogical paradigm concerning the education of children with special needs is substantiated due to the introduction in 2017 of modern international principles of inclusive education. In conclusion, it is stated that the introduction of inclusive education indicates the modernization of Ukraine’s humanitarian policy in the direction of further humanization of education. At the same time, it is emphasized that it would be wrong not to take into account the scientific and experimental base created in previous years for the study of such children and the experience of their education, rehabilitation and socialization.
The problem of preserving and strengthening the occupational health of the teacher: a historical aspect
Authors: Tereshchuk Grygorii , Meshko Halyna , Prochazka Miroslav , Meshko Oleksandr , Radchuk Halyna
Published: May 2021

The article is devoted to the retrospective analysis of the problem of the teacher’s occupational
health maintaining and strengthening. On the basis of the study of the psychological and pedagogical massive
of sources the state of the development of the problem and the peculiarities of the research of the determined
problem in history of the scientific thought and practice are defined. The periods and directions of the professional
health of the teacher preservation and strengthening research problem are singled out and characterized.
New views of the scientists who studied the problems of the optimization of the efficiency, manufacturing
safety, improvement of the efficiency, overcoming of the professional weariness are presented. The experience
of the pedagogical education of the beginning of the XX century in Russia and the Committee of the study
of the teacher labour in particular, the study of the conditions and mechanisms of the professional disadaptation
appearance, professional deformations, determination of the professional difficulties, their influence on the
teacher’s state of health are described. The positions of the scientists-analytics in the researched problem are
shown. The crucial attention is devoted to the analysis of the A. Makarenko, V. Sukhomlinskyi views of the
questions of study of the reasons of the teacher’s health deterioration, the ways and means of the emotional
stress removal, improvement of his psychological wellbeing. The special literature for the period from the
middle of the XX century till the beginning of the XXI century on the problem of pedagogy and psychology
of health, maintaining and strengthening of the teacher’s health are analyzed. The circle of problems that need
the research of the concrete ways of maintaining and strengthening of the teacher’s health problem solving is
determined.
Psychological factors motivating the choice of university entrants
Authors: Derkach Tetiana , Kolodyazhna Alla , Shuhailo Yana
Published: May 2021

The article focuses on the study of factors influencing the choice of a university by entrants. Firstyear students’ behaviour is mainly affected by external factors or factors not related to professional educational trajectory choice. An individual choice considers the limitations imposed by the size of family capital, abilities and other characteristics of the applicant, institutional factors (development of infrastructure, etc.). These restrictions affect the choice of future profession and a particular university, which largely determines the education quality. The most popular sources to receive information about universities are the official websites. The analysis of entrants’ answers can become the basis for universities’ PR and advertising programs. They will also be useful for optimising the content of the website. The university presentation’s quality is one of the most critical factors in the independent search for a university without pre-established benefits. Advertising campaigns should be dominated by motives that promote a particular choice. They are the university’s overall image, teachers’ professionalism, and a clear definition of the actual possibilities for further work in the speciality.
The prevalence of Cyberloafing among pupils belonging to the digital native’s generation
Authors: Sivrikova Nadezhda , Ptashko Tatyana , Roslyakova Svetlana , Sokolova Nadezhda , Dimuhametov Rifkat
Published: May 2021

The purpose of this research was to study the prevalence of cyberloafing among students in the classroom. 150 (66 are boys and 84 are girls) schoolchildren living in the Ural region of the Russian Federation between the ages of 13 and 15 took part in the study. The scale of cyberloafing by Y. Akbulut et al., translated into Russian used for the collection of empirical data. Student’s T-criterion was used to analyze differences in cyberloafing levels in children of different sexes. The results of the research showed that during lessons they are most often interested in content and communicate with friends. The girls are more prone to cyberloafing than the boys. Girls are more likely to go to social media lessons and communicate online. Boys are more likely to play on the lessons in games on their mobile gadgets.
Development of the health-preserving competence of a physical education teacher based on the knowledge about influenza and bronchitis prevention
Authors: Fedorets Vasyl M. , Yevtuch Mykola B. , Klochko Oksana V. , Kravets Nina P. , Grynyov Roman S.
Published: May 2021

The article presents the methodology and methods of improving the health-preserving competence of a Physical Education teacher under conditions of postgraduate education based on the knowledge of prevention of acute bronchitis, COVID-19 influenza and acute respiratory diseases. The “Disciplinary and methodological matrix of health-preserving competence of a Physical Education teacher” is used, which includes such developed “integrated disciplines” as Pathopedagogy, Propaedeutics of Health and Health Therapy. The matrix is aimed at professionalisation, methodologisation, technologisation, anthropologisation, axiologisation of the health-preserving competence of a teacher. The “Methodology of developing health-preserving competence of a Physical Education teacher based on the knowledge of prevention of acute bronchitis, influenza and acute respiratory diseases” is used. The methodology is based on the competence approach, the above-mentioned matrix, problem-based and flipped learning, andragogy, game, maieutic and dialogic methods, the use of pedagogical tasks, the Hellenistic concept of "self-care" and others. In this methodology, knowledge, values and practical health-preserving strategies are hierarchised with the singling out of three levels – A, B and C. Level A is obligatory, and levels B and C are given less attention. An experimental study was conducted the result of which determined the effectiveness of this method. These methodology and method are humanistic and ecocentric and consistent with the ideas and sustainable development goals.
Communicative management in present-day university
Authors: Petryshyna Olga , Boyko Mariya
Published: May 2021

In modern academic community not only communication management plays a great role. Monitoring of expectations, awareness of communicative needs, the course and results of communicative interaction, barriers hindering rational managerial decisions are also of large importance. Everything done by participants of the learning process to solve strategic and tactical tasks of a university development requires an effective exchange of information. The main prerequisite for the effective business communication is the understanding that the possibility to achieve the goals of interaction increases if it is properly organized, if an atmosphere of mutual understanding, trust and cooperation is created. In present-day conditions, university managers must have communicative, managerial competencies, knowledge of communication theory and applied approaches to the process of its implementation. Mastering the skills of communicative influence contributes to the formation of a positive image of an institution and helps to achieve educational goals. While monitoring communicative management at Ternopil Volodymyr Hnatiuk National Pedagogical University, we have revealed the students’ deep understanding of its essence, opportunities, mechanisms, and practice of implementation in the academic community. Communicative management resources provide effective management decisions and create a comfortable academic setting to meet the needs of all participants in the learning process.
Organizational and pedagogical conditions for training higher education applicants by learning tools of a competence-oriented environment
Authors: Batsurovska Ilona , Dotsenko Nataliia , Gorbenko Olena , Kim Nataliia
Published: May 2021

The organizational and pedagogical conditions for training higher education applicants by learning tools of a competence-oriented environment are analysed. Such pedagogical conditions include integration of the educational process in the context of the face-to-face training and a competence-oriented computer environment, providing systematic interactive work and performance of rating tasks in a learning environment focused on competence and systematic monitoring and control over the process of training of higher education applicants. In order to study the feasibility of using organizational and pedagogical conditions for the training of higher education applicants by learning tools of a competence-oriented environment, the degree of competence of the expert commission was checked and the indicators of competences of experts were calculated. Experimental work on determining the coefficient of concordance gives the opportunity to state that the opinions of experts on the organizational and pedagogical conditions for the training of higher education applicants by learning tools of a competence-oriented computer environment are consistent. It is noted that the implementation of organizational and pedagogical conditions, in fact, involves the optimization of educational and cognitive activities of higher education applicants, and taking into account certain conditions will lead to renewal, productivity, continuity and integrity of acquisition of the competences.
Fundamentals of UI/UX design as a component of the pre-service specialist's curriculum
Authors: Bilousova Liudmyla I. , Gryzun Liudmyla E. , Zhytienova Natalia V.
Published: May 2021

Nowadays digitalization is considered to be a key driver of socio-economic development. Digital technologies are becoming the basis for creating new products and services as well as for the transition to new business models. Ukrainian course for the development of the digital economy requires the readiness of the education system to provide training of the specialists who are able to provide such transformations, which should be reflected both in the emergence of new areas of training and in focusing the content of educational training on the formation of new digital competencies of pre-service professionals. One of the competencies which is crucial and in demand today for a wide range of specialists, is the mastering the fundamentals of UX/UI-design. The purpose of the paper is to cover the approaches to the creation of the content of pre-service specialists' training on the fundamentals of UX/UI-design. The significance of the said fundamentals learning in the process of various specialists' training is discussed. It is proposed the practically-driven approach to the curriculum building. It is distinguished invariant and variable parts in the curriculum of such a training. The content of three core modules which make invariant part of the curriculum is presented. Some relevant forms of work with students are offered within each module. The prospects of the work make the preparation and doing empirical research directed on the verification of the offered approach to the curriculum building in the process of different specialists' training.
Principles of effective functioning of training system of future teachers of natural science and mathematics for STEM technologies usage
Authors: Valko Nataliia , Osadchyi Viacheslav
Published: May 2021

The issue of the training of future teachers of natural science and mathematics to using STEM technologies was discussed on the basis of the system of scientific analysis. The article describes several severities of the process of training future teachers of natural science and mathematics and organization of making use of STEM technologies based on project priorities and application-oriented study methods, connected with modern technologies and also supplying them by social connection in a professional environment. The assembly of the principles of the effectiveness of the training system referred to above shall be defined and described in the following paragraphs.
Flipping the Aviation English class for distant learning: experience from the field
Authors: Pershukova Oksana , Matviyenko Olga , Vasiukovych Oksana , Nikolska Nina
Published: May 2021

This study is aimed to verify experimentally the efficiency of the flipped classroom approach using in the process of online teaching Aviation English at National Aviation University. It was conducted from September till December 2020. The research included two groups of students of the second year of study speciality: 272 ‘Aviation Transport'. The experiment employed mixed-method research in convergent design. In the context of the experiment testing to determine students' level of professional language communicative competence in English were conducted in September and December 2020 at the beginning and the end of the first term of the academic year 2020-2021. Testing revealed that students from the experimental group have better results in professional language competence development. A survey was conducted in the experimental group aimed to reveal students' impression from the flipped classroom approach using in distant learning. According to the results of the experiment, it was stated that students have mainly positive attitude to the experiment Advantages and disadvantages of the approach are identified. The conclusion was made that in the context of distance learning, the flipped lessons approach is acceptable for mastering the Aviation English course.
„Corona und Du“
Authors: Elisabeth Piechaczek Charlotte , Primbs Regine , Comanns Pia-Marie , Feldmann Lisa , Greimel Ellen , Schulte-Körne Gerd
Published: May 2021

Bedingt durch die Coronapandemie besteht für Kinder, Jugendliche und deren Eltern ein großer Informationsbedarf, wie sie mit den neuen Herausforderungen im Alltag, der Schule und der Familie gut umgehen können. Um die spezifischen Bedarfe dieser Zielgruppen zu adressieren, hat die Klinik und Poliklinik für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie, Psychosomatik und Psychotherapie des LMU Klinikums in Partnerschaft mit der Beisheim Stiftung und zusammen mit Medienpartnern das webbasierte Infoportal „Corona und Du“ bereitgestellt (https://www.corona-und-du.info). Dieses Portal umfasst evidenzbasierte Informationen, Tipps und Hilfen zur Prävention von und zum Umgang mit psychischer Belastung in der Coronakrise und verweist zudem auf professionelle Anlaufstellen. In diesem Beitrag werden die Inhalte der Webseite, das methodische Vorgehen der Entwicklung der Inhalte und die Übersetzung in zielgruppengerechte Sprache und Formate dargestellt.
Belastungserleben und psychische Auffälligkeiten von Kindern und Jugendlichen in Hamburg während der COVID-19-Pandemie
Authors: Kaman Anne , Otto Christiane , Adedeji Adekunle , Devine Janine , Erhart Michael , Napp Ann-Kathrin , Becker Marcia , Blanck-Stellmacher Ulrike , Fertmann Regina , Saier Uwe , Ravens-Sieberer Ulrike
Published: May 2021

Einleitung Die COVID-19-Pandemie hat seit Anfang 2020 zu deutlichen Veränderungen der Lebensrealität von Kindern und Jugendlichen geführt. Die COPSY-Studie-Hamburg ist eine der ersten bevölkerungsbezogenen Studien auf Bundeslandebene, welche landesweit für Hamburg die psychische Gesundheit und Lebensqualität von Kindern und Jugendlichen während der Pandemie untersucht. Die COPSY-Studie-Hamburg ist angelehnt an die bundesweite COPSY (Corona und Psyche)-Studie.

Methoden Vom 12. Juni bis zum 31. Juli wurden in einer Online-Befragung n = 1037 Selbst- und Elternangaben von Kindern und Jugendlichen im Alter von 11 bis 17 Jahren zur Lebensqualität und psychischen Gesundheit erfasst. Es wurden etablierte Instrumente zur Erfassung der Lebenszufriedenheit (Cantril Ladder), Lebensqualität (KIDSCREEN-10), allgemeinen psychischen Auffälligkeiten (Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire), psychosomatischen Beschwerden (HBSC Symptom Checklist) sowie weitere relevante Instrumente zur Erfassung COVID-19-bedingter Belastungen eingesetzt. Die Daten wurden mit repräsentativen Referenzstichproben der Studien BELLA und HBSC vor der Pandemie verglichen. Es wurden relative Häufigkeiten samt Konfidenzintervalle berichtet. Basierend auf bivariaten und multiplen logistischen Regressionsanalysen wurden Kinder mit besonders starken Belastungen identifiziert. Die Risikogruppe wurde dargestellt und potenzielle Ressourcen wurden analysiert.

Ergebnisse Zwei Drittel der Hamburger Kinder und Jugendlichen fühlten sich durch die Pandemie belastet. Ihre Lebenszufriedenheit und Lebensqualität haben sich im Vergleich zu der Zeit vor der Pandemie verschlechtert. Die Kinder und Jugendlichen berichteten häufiger psychosomatische Beschwerden wie Gereiztheit, Einschlafprobleme und Kopfschmerzen. Besonders belastet waren sozial benachteiligte Kinder. Ein guter familiärer Zusammenhalt wirkte protektiv und konnte die Belastungen durch die Pandemie abmildern.

Diskussion Um die psychische Gesundheit von Kindern und Jugendlichen während der COVID-19-Pandemie sowie in zukünftigen Krisensituationen zu schützen und zu erhalten, sollten zielgruppenspezifische und niedrigschwellige Angebote der Prävention und Gesundheitsförderung diskutiert werden.
SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine and Thrombosis: An Expert Consensus on Vaccine-Induced Immune Thrombotic Thrombocytopenia
Authors: Elalamy Ismail , Gerotziafas Grigoris , Alamowitch Sonia , Laroche Jean-Pierre , Van Dreden Patrick , Ageno Walter , Beyer-Westendorf Jan , Cohen Alexander T. , Jimenez David , Brenner Benjamin , Middeldorp Saskia , Cacoub Patrice ,   Scientific Reviewer Committee
Published: May 2021

Historically, the vaccination strategies developed in the second half of the 20th century have facilitated the eradication of infectious diseases. From the onset of COVID-19 pandemic to the end of April 2021, more than 150 million cases and 3 million deaths were documented worldwide with disruption of the economic and social activity, and with devastating material, physical, and psychological consequences. Reports of unusual and severe thrombotic events, including cerebral and splanchnic venous thrombosis and other autoimmune adverse reactions, such as immune thrombocytopenia or thrombotic microangiopathies in connection with some of the SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, have caused a great deal of concern within the population and the medical community. This report is intended to provide practical answers following an overview of our knowledge on these thrombotic events that are extremely rare but have serious consequences. Vaccine hesitancy threatens to reverse the progress made in controlling vaccine-preventable diseases. These adverse events must be put into perspective with an objective analysis of the facts and the issues of the vaccination strategy during this SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Health care professionals remain the most pertinent advisors and influencers regarding vaccination decisions; they have to be supported to provide reliable and credible information on vaccines. We need to inform, reassure, and support our patients when the prescription is made. Facing these challenges and observations, a panel of experts express their insights and propose a tracking algorithm for vaccinated patients based on a 10-point guideline for decision-making on what to do and not to do.
A review of intervention methods used to reduce flying-fox mortalities in heat stress events
Authors: Mo Matthew , Roache Mike
Published: May 2021

Heat stress events in Australian flying-fox camps have resulted in significant numbers of flying-fox deaths. The frequency and intensity of such events have increased in recent decades, attributed to anthropogenic climate change. Evidence-based interventions are required to address this growing threat. Responders currently use different combinations of a range of intervention methods. We undertook a systematic review of heat stress interventions, which we classified as either ‘camp-scale’ or ‘individual-scale’. Camp-scale interventions included manual and automated misting of roost vegetation, whereas individual-scale interventions included spraying individual animals or removing them for intensive cooling and rehydration procedures. Our study showed that to date, evaluation of the efficacy of heat stress interventions has been largely anecdotal rather than empirical. This highlights the need for dedicated rigorous studies to evaluate the effectiveness of all the intervention methods described here. It will be especially important to understand the relationship between camp temperature and humidity levels and their influence on flying-foxes’ ability to regulate their body temperature, because high relative humidity reduces the ability of mammals to cool themselves using evaporative heat loss. The development of biophysiological measures such as temperature and humidity indices for different flying-fox species would enable meaningful interpretations of intervention trials under controlled conditions.
Hydraulic and electric control of cell spheroids
Authors: Duclut Charlie , Prost Jacques , Jülicher Frank
Published: May 2021

Significance

In addition to generating forces and reacting to mechanical cues, tissues are capable of actively pumping fluid and creating electric current. In this work, we examine how a hydraulic or electrical perturbation, imposed, for instance, by a drain of micrometric diameter, can be used to perturb tissue growth. We address this issue in a continuum description of a spherical cell assembly that includes the mechanical, electrical, and hydraulic properties of the tissue. This approach allows us to discuss and quantify the effect of electrohydraulic perturbations on the long-time states of the tissue. We highlight that a moderate external pumping or electric current can drive a proliferating spheroid to decay. We propose that this could have applications in medicine.
Giantin is required for intracellular N-terminal processing of type I procollagen
Authors: Stevenson Nicola L. , Bergen Dylan J.M. , Lu Yinhui , Prada-Sanchez M. Esther , Kadler Karl E. , Hammond Chrissy L. , Stephens David J.
Published: May 2021

Knockout of the golgin giantin leads to skeletal and craniofacial defects driven by poorly studied changes in glycosylation and extracellular matrix deposition. Here, we sought to determine how giantin impacts the production of healthy bone tissue by focusing on the main protein component of the osteoid, type I collagen. Giantin mutant zebrafish accumulate multiple spontaneous fractures in their caudal fin, suggesting their bones may be more brittle. Inducing new experimental fractures revealed defects in the mineralization of newly deposited collagen as well as diminished procollagen reporter expression in mutant fish. Analysis of a human giantin knockout cell line expressing a GFP-tagged procollagen showed that procollagen trafficking is independent of giantin. However, our data show that intracellular N-propeptide processing of pro-α1(I) is defective in the absence of giantin. These data demonstrate a conserved role for giantin in collagen biosynthesis and extracellular matrix assembly. Our work also provides evidence of a giantin-dependent pathway for intracellular procollagen processing.
To Stay or Not to Stay: Patent Litigation in the Federal District Courts
Authors: Miller Banks , Curry Brett
Published: May 2021

We investigate when district judges stay litigation pending the resolution of parallel administrative proceedings. Leveraging unique aspects of patent litigation to create a robust test of the proposition, we consider how ideology conditions judicial behavior on this procedural judgment. We find that legal considerations guide stay decisions and that there is also an ideological dimension to that choice. Conservative district judges approach motions to stay consistent with conservative concerns regarding frivolous litigation even as they are influenced by case characteristics. This suggests a role for judicial discretion and implies that ideology’s influence in the district courts may be greater than frequently thought.
Particle yields in pp interactions at

s=17.3

GeV interpreted in the statistical hadronization model
Authors: Matulewicz Tomasz , Piasecki Krzysztof
Published: May 2021

Following the recent measurement of several hadron yields by NA61/SHINE collaboration, the unified set of yields of particles produced in proton–proton collisions at

s

= 17.3 GeV (laboratory beam momentum 158 GeV/c) is evaluated, combining the results of the NA49 and NA61/SHINE collaborations at the CERN SPS. With the statistical hadronization code Thermal-Fist we confirm the unacceptably high value of χ
2, both in the canonical and grand canonical—strangeness canonical approach, and the common volume for all the hadrons. The use of the energy-dependent width of the Breit–Wigner parametrization for the mass distributions of unstable particles improves the quality of the description of particle yields only slightly. We confirm the observation that exclusion of the ϕ meson yield makes the fit result more reasonable. The complete experimental data set of particle yields can be also reasonably fitted if the canonical volumes of hadrons without and with open strangeness are allowed to vary independently. The canonical volume of strangeness was found to be larger than that for non-strange hadrons. The femtoscopy measurements with kaon pairs and pion pairs at

s

=

27.4, 63 and 900 GeV are not precise enough to confirm or reject this observation. The model with the best-fit parameters allows to predict the yields of several not yet measured particles emitted from p + p at

s

= 17.3 GeV.
Cavity-assisted preparation and detection of a unitary Fermi gas
Authors: Roux K , Helson V , Konishi H , Brantut J P
Published: May 2021

We report on the fast production and weakly destructive detection of a Fermi gas with tunable interactions in a high finesse cavity. The cavity is used both with far off-resonant light to create a deep optical dipole trap, and with near-resonant light to reach the strong light–matter coupling regime. The cavity-based dipole trap allows for an efficient capture of laser-cooled atoms, and the use of a lattice-cancellation scheme makes it possible to perform efficient intra-cavity evaporative cooling. After transfer in a crossed optical dipole trap, we produce deeply degenerate unitary Fermi gases with up to 7 × 105 atoms inside the cavity, with an overall 2.85 s long sequence. The cavity is then probed with near-resonant light to perform five hundred-times repeated, dispersive measurements of the population of individual clouds, allowing for weakly destructive observations of slow atom-number variations over a single sample. This platform will make possible the real-time observation of transport and dynamics as well as the study of driven-dissipative, strongly correlated quantum matter.
Constraints on bimetric gravity. Part I. Analytical constraints
Authors: Högås Marcus , Mörtsell Edvard
Published: May 2021

Ghost-free bimetric gravity is an extension of general relativity, featuring a massive spin-2 field coupled to gravity. We parameterize the theory with a set of observables having specific physical interpretations. For the background cosmology and the static, spherically symmetric solutions (for example approximating the gravitational potential of the solar system), there are four directions in the parameter space in which general relativity is approached. Requiring that there is a working screening mechanism and a nonsingular evolution of the Universe, we place analytical constraints on the parameter space which rule out many of the models studied in the literature. Cosmological solutions where the accelerated expansion of the Universe is explained by the dynamical interaction of the massive spin-2 field rather than by a cosmological constant, are still viable.
Bayesian evidence for both astrophysical and primordial black holes: mapping the GWTC-2 catalog to third-generation detectors
Authors: De Luca V. , Franciolini G. , Pani P. , Riotto A.
Published: May 2021

We perform a hierarchical Bayesian analysis of the GWTC-2 catalog to investigate the mixed scenario in which the merger events are explained by black holes of both astrophysical and primordial origin.
For the astrophysical scenario we adopt the phenomenological model used by the LIGO/Virgo collaboration and we include the correlation between different parameters inferred from data, the role of the spins in both the primordial and astrophysical scenarios, and the impact of accretion in the primordial scenario.
Our best-fit mixed model has a strong statistical evidence relative to the single-population astrophysical model, thus
supporting the coexistence of populations of black-hole mergers of two different origins.
In particular, our results indicate that the astrophysical mergers account for roughly four times the number of primordial black hole events and predict that third-generation detectors, such as the Einstein Telescope and Cosmic Explorer, should detect up to hundreds of mergers from primordial black hole binaries at redshift z≳30.
Structure formation limits on axion-like dark matter
Authors: Baumholzer Sven , Brdar Vedran , Morgante Enrico
Published: May 2021

We derive structure formation limits on dark matter (DM) composed of keV-scale axion-like particles (ALPs), produced via freeze-in through the interactions with photons and Standard Model (SM) fermions.
We employ Lyman-alpha (Ly-α) forest data sets as well as the observed number of Milky Way (MW) subhalos. We compare results obtained using Maxwell-Boltzmann and quantum statistics for describing the SM bath. It should be emphasized that the presence of logarithmic divergences complicates the calculation of the production rate, which can not be parameterized with a simple power law behaviour.
The obtained results, in combination with X-ray bounds, exclude the possibility for a photophilic “frozen-in” ALP DM with mass below ∼ 19. For the photophobic ALP scenario, in which DM couples primarily to SM fermions, the ALP DM distribution function is peaked at somewhat lower momentum and hence for such realization we find weaker limits on DM mass. Future facilities, such as the upcoming Vera C. Rubin observatory, will provide measurements with which the current bounds can be significantly improved to ∼ 80.
Properties of ultralight bosons from heavy quasar spins via superradiance
Authors: Ünal Caner , Pacucci Fabio , Loeb Abraham
Published: May 2021

The mass and the spin of accreting and jetted black holes, at the center of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGNs), can be probed by analyzing their electromagnetic spectra. For this purpose, we use the Spin-Modified Fundamental Plane of black hole activity, which non-linearly connects the following four variables (in the source frame): radio luminosity, X-ray or optical luminosity (via the [OIII] emission line), black hole mass and spin. Taking into account the uncertainties in luminosity measurements, conversion factors, relativistic beaming and physical properties of the AGN system, we derive lower bounds on the spins of a group of heavy, jetted AGNs. Using these results, we study the direct implications on the mass spectrum of the ultra-light particles of scalar (axion-like), vector (dark photon) and tensor types (additional spin-2 particles). We close unexplored gap in the parameter space 10-20-10-19eV. We obtain upper bounds on the axion decay constant (equivalently lower bounds on the self-interaction strength) considering self-interactions could prevent the axion particles entering the instability, and be the reason for non-observation of superradiance. Assuming axion is described by mass and decay constant, we obtain upper limits on what fraction of dark matter can be formed by ultra-light particles and find that single spieces axion-like light particle can constitute at most 10% of the dark matter in the mass range: 10-21 < μ (eV) < 10-17.
Combination of Passive Seismic (HVSR) and Active Seismic (MASW) Methods to Obtain Shear Wave Velocity Model of Subsurface in Majalengka
Authors: Budi A P , Ginting R A , Sunardi B , Sukanta I N
Published: May 2021

Majalengka is a district in West Java which is located close to local faults and subduction zone, so that made this area has a high enough risk of earthquake hazards. Engineering Seismology Team of Meteorology Climatology and Geophysics Agency has been carried out microtremor and MASW survey in Majalengka. The combination of HVSR and MASW inversion methods is applied to obtain the value of the shear wave velocity (Vs), a combination of the two methods is expected to overcome the deficiency of each method. Results of the distribution of the value of the shear wave velocity can explain the subsurface conditions related to a vulnerability in the study area to seismic hazards. The results of HVSR and MASW inversion are 1-D (Vs) profiles at each measurement point, after that interpolated to obtain a 3-D Vs30 model. The results showed that Vs30 values in Majalengka District varied around 80 - 1500 m/s. Layers with low (Vs) values were relatively thick dominant in the north and northwest regions of the study area, soil types in this area were mostly composed of medium soils, a small part was composed of soft soil layers and rock layers. Therefore, in theory, the disaster in the north and northwest regions has a relatively higher vulnerability compared to other regions in Majalengka District.
Charge sharing in single and double GEMs
Authors: Roy Promita , Bhattacharya Purba , Mukhopadhyay Supratik , Majumdar Nayana
Published: May 2021

The Gas Electron Multiplier (GEM) has become a widely used
technology for high-rate particle physics experiments like COMPASS,
LHCb and are going to be used for the upgrade of the detectors of
other experiments, such as ALICE TPC. Radiation hardness, ageing
resistance and stability against discharges are main criteria for
long-term operation of such detectors in high-rate experiments. In
particular, discharge is a serious issue as it may cause
irreversible damages to the detector as well to the readout
electronics. The charge density inside the amplification region is
one of the limiting factors for detector stability against
discharges. By using multiple devices, and thus sharing the electron
multiplication in different stages, the maximum sustainable gain can
be increased by several orders of magnitude. A common explanation
for this is connected to the transverse electron diffusion, which
causes widening of the electron cloud and reducing the charge
density in the last multiplier. This has been verified
experimentally [1] but numerical investigations, as far as we
know, are scarce. In our work, we are using Garfield simulation
framework as a tool to extract the information related to the
transverse size of the propagating electron cloud and thus to
estimate the charge density in the GEM holes for multiple
stages. For a given gas mixture, we will present the initial results
of charge sharing using single and double GEM detectors under
different electric field configurations and its effect on other
measurable detector parameters such as single point position
resolution.
Multifunctional Digital Backend for Quasar VLBI network
Authors: Nosov E. , Marshalov D. , Fedotov L. , Sheynman Y.
Published: May 2021

The new 13-meters radio telescope recently built at Svetloe
observatory (Russia) required a backend device that could digitize
wideband signals from the receiving system, process the signal
appropriately, prepare and transmit the resulting signal to the
recorder. The previously existing backends, also used at other radio
telescopes of Quasar VLBI network, could not provide compatibility
with VGOS (VLBI Global Observing System) requirements. We developed
Multifunctional Digital Backend (MDBE) with superior performance,
flexibility and functions to equip the new antenna and other radio
telescopes of the network with the same backend compatible with both
domestic and international systems. The MDBE contains up to 12 input
channels with 2 GHz bandwidth, powerful and remotely configurable
Field programmable gate arrays (FPGA) for digital signal processing,
and optical transceivers with total throughput of 50 Gbps per
channel. The digital downconverters implemented in FPGA can form sub
channels with 0.5, 2, 4, 8, 16, and 32 MHz bandwidth freely tuned
with 10 kHz step. In wideband mode a single channel with 512, 1024
or full 2048 MHz bandwidth can be recorded. The MDBE also supports
single-dish applications, such as radiometric and spectrometric
observations. The paper presents the results of hardware and
firmware development of the system, and the experimental results
received with the MDBE in Svetloe observatory.
Single-electron spectra in RPWELL-based detectors
Authors: Bhattacharya P. , Tesi A. , Shaked-Renous D. , Moleri L. , Breskin A. , Bressler S.
Published: May 2021

Single-electron spectra are the key ingredient in the
efficient detection of single UV-photons. In this work, we
investigated the shape of single-photoelectron spectra in single-
and double-stage Resistive Plate WELL (RPWELL) detector
configurations, operated in Ne/CH4 and
Ar/CH4. Discharge-free operation was reached over a
broad dynamic range, with charge gains of [range-phrase =
-]e4e6. Compared to the usual exponential ones, the observed
Polya-like charge spectra pave the way towards higher
single-electron detection efficiencies. The latter was evaluated
here, using experimental data combined with numerical simulations.
The effects of the gas mixtures, electric field configuration, and
detector geometry on the Polya spectra and their related
“θ” parameter are presented.
Immune response after allogeneic transplantation of decellularized uterine scaffolds in the rat
Authors: Padma Arvind Manikantan , Alsheikh Ahmed Baker , Song Min Jong , Akouri Randa , Akyürek Levent M. , Oltean Mihai , Brännström Mats , Hellström Mats
Published: May 2021

Data on how the immune system reacts to decellularized scaffolds after implantation is scarce and difficult to interpret due to many heterogeneous parameters such as tissue-type match, decellularization method and treatment application. The engraftment of these scaffolds must prove safe and that they remain inert to the recipient’s immune system to enable successful translational approaches and potential future clinical evaluation. Herein, we investigated the immune response after the engraftment of three decellularized scaffold types that previously showed potential to repair a uterine injury in the rat. Protocol (P) 1 and P2 were based on Triton-X100 and generated scaffolds containing 820 ng mg−1 and 33 ng mg−1 donor DNA per scaffold weight, respectively. Scaffolds obtained with a sodium deoxycholate-based protocol (P3) contained 160 ng donor DNA per mg tissue. The total number of infiltrating cells, and the population of CD45+ leukocytes, CD4+ T-cells, CD8a+ cytotoxic T-cells, CD22+ B-cells, NCR1+ NK-cells, CD68+ and CD163+ macrophages were quantified on days 5, 15 and 30 after a subcutaneous allogenic (Lewis to Sprague Dawley) transplantation. Gene expression for the pro-inflammatory cytokines INF-γ, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6 and TNF were also examined. P1 scaffolds triggered an early immune response that may had been negative for tissue regeneration but it was stabilized after 30 d. Conversely, P3 initiated a delayed immune response that appeared negative for scaffold survival. P2 scaffolds were the least immunogenic and remained similar to autologous tissue implants. Hence, an effective decellularization protocol based on a mild detergent was advantageous from an immunological perspective and appears the most promising for future in vivo uterus bioengineering applications.