bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
In vitro and in vivo evidence of bioenergetic metabolism alteration by mono-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate
Authors: Rajkumar Abishankari , Simba Suzanne , Ménard Katyanna , Prud’homme Denis , Harper Mary-Ellen , Tesson Frederique
Published: January 2020

Background: To better understand the potential alteration of muscle bioenergetic metabolism by the obesogenic toxicant mono-(2ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP) the objectives of this research were to determine the: 1) association between urinary MEHP levels and plasma fatty acid levels in women with obesity who participated in National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) studies, and 2) in vitro effects of MEHP on fatty acid, or glucose supported mitochondrial energetics in C2C12 muscle cells.Results: The association between urinary MEHP from NHANES participants with plasma fatty acid levels was studied via secondary data statistical analyses. 14C-palmitic acid oxidation, Seahorse fatty acid oxidation and glycolysis stress tests and western blot analyses were conducted on C2C12 cells exposed to increasing MEHP concentrations. Increased urinary MEHP in women with obesity was associated with increased plasma gamma-linolenic and arachidonic acid levels. C2C12 myotubes exposed to increasing MEHP concentrations, displayed decreased fatty acid oxidation and mitochondrial bioenergetics. Acyl-CoA synthetase long chain 5 (ACSL5) protein level was also upregulated with increasing MEHP exposure in C2C12 myoblasts. Glycolysis was not significantly modified with increased exposure of C2C12 cells to MEHP.Conclusions: MEHP exposure may alter fatty acid utilization at the whole-body level in women with obesity and fatty acid utilization in muscle cells. Our findings are consistent with the idea that women with obesity may be particularly susceptible to the effects of MEHP, which alters fatty acid metabolism in muscle cells.
Role of Drug-metabolizing Enzymes in Cancer and Cancer Therapy
Authors: Feng Siqi , Li Anqi , Zheng Yi-Chao , Liu Hong-Min
Published: January 2020

Background:

Cancer is one of the most serious diseases threatening human health with high morbidity
and mortality in the world. For the treatment of cancer, chemotherapy is one of the most widely used strategies, for
almost all kinds of tumors and diverse stages of tumor development. The efficacy of chemotherapy not only depends
on the activity of the drug administrated but also on whether the compound could reach the effective therapeutic
concentration in tumor cells. Therefore, expression and activity of drug-metabolizing enzymes (DMEs) in tumor
tissues and metabolic organs of cancer patients are important for the dispositional behavior of anticancer drugs as
well as the clinical response of chemotherapy.

Methods:

This review summarizes the recent advancement of the DMEs expression and activity in various cancers,
as well as the potential regulatory mechanisms of major DMEs in cancer and cancer therapy.

Results:

Compared to normal tissues, expression and activity of major DMEs are significantly dysregulated in patients
by various factors including epigenetic modification, ligand-activated transcriptional regulation and signaling
pathways. Additionally, DMEs play an important role in anticancer drug efficacy, chemoresistance as well as the
activation of prodrugs.

Conclusion:

This review reinforces a more comprehensive understanding of DMEs in cancer and cancer therapy,
and provides more opportunities for cancer therapy.
Potent Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors: Potential Drugs for Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Akıncıoğlu Hulya , Gülçin İlhami
Published: January 2020

:

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is one of the cognitive or memory-related impairments occurring
with advancing age. Since its exact mechanism is not known, the full therapy has still not been found.
Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) has been reported to be a viable therapeutic target for the treatment of
AD and other dementias. To this end, acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChEIs) are commonly used.
AChE is a member of the hydrolase enzyme family. A hydrolase is an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis
of a chemical bond. AChE is useful for the development of novel and mechanism-based inhibitors.
It has a role in the breakdown of acetylcholine (ACh) neurotransmitters, such as acetylcholinemediated
neurotransmission. AChEIs are the most effective approaches to treat AD. AChE hydrolyzes
ACh to acetate and choline, as an important neurotransmitter substance. Recently, Gülçin and his
group explored new AChEIs. The most suggested mechanism for AD is the deficiency of ACh, which
is an important neurotransmitter. In this regard, AChEIs are commonly used for the symptomatic
treatment of AD. They act in different ways, such as by inhibiting AChE, protecting cells from free
radical toxicity and β-amyloid-induced injury or inhibiting the release of cytokines from microglia and
monocytes. This review focuses on the role of AChEIs in AD using commonly available drugs. Also,
the aim of this review is to research and discuss the role of AChEIs in AD using commonly available
drugs. Therefore, in our review, related topics like AD and AChEIs are highlighted. Also, the latest
work related to AChEIs is compiled. In recent research studies, novel natural and synthetic AChEIs,
used for AD, are quite noteworthy. These studies can be very promising in detecting potent drugs
against AD.
Midlife Modifiable Risk Factors for Dementia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of 34 Prospective Cohort Studies
Authors: Li Xiao-Ying , Zhang Min , Xu Wei , Li Jie-Qiong , Cao Xi-Peng , Yu Jin-Tai , Tan Lan
Published: January 2020

Objective:

The aim of this study is to assess the association between midlife risk factors and dementia.

Methods:

PubMed and Cochrane library were systematically searched on May 24, 2018, to retrieve prospective cohort studies. The summary Relative Risk (RR) and 95% Confidence Interval (CI) were calculated by the random-effect model to explore the association between midlife risk factors and dementia. Sensitivity analysis and meta-regression were conducted to explore the source of heterogeneity. Publication bias was examined using Begg's and Egger's tests.

Results:

Thirty-four prospective cohort studies were included, among which 24 were eligible for metaanalysis. A total of 159,594 non-demented adults were enrolled at baseline before 65 years and 13,540 people were diagnosed with dementia after follow-up. The pooled results revealed that five factors could significantly increase the dementia risk by 41 to 78%, including obesity (RR, 1.78; 95% CI: 1.31-2.41), diabetes mellitus (RR, 1.69; 95% CI: 1.38-2.07), current smoking (RR, 1.61; 95%, CI: 1.32-1.95), hypercholesterolemia (RR, 1.57; 95% CI: 1.19-2.07), and hypertension (borderline blood pressure RR, 1.41; 95% CI: 1.23-1.62 and high Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP) RR, 1.72; 95% CI: 1.25-2.37). However, the sensitivity analyses found that the results of hypercholesterolemia and high SBP were not reliable, which need to be confirmed by more high-quality studies. No influences due to publication bias were revealed. In the systematic review, another three factors (hyperhomocysteinemia, psychological stress, and heavy drinking) were found to be associated with elevated dementia risk. In addition, physical exercise, a healthy diet, and hormone therapy in middle age were associated with the reduction of dementia risk.

Conclusions:

Middle-aged people with obesity, diabetes, hypertension, or hypercholesterolemia, and current smokers in midlife are at higher risk of developing dementia later in life.
Long-Term Exposure to Ambient Hydrocarbons Increases Dementia Risk in People Aged 50 Years and above in Taiwan
Authors: Zhang Han-Wei , Kok Victor C. , Chuang Shu-Chun , Tseng Chun-Hung , Lin Chin-Teng , Li Tsai-Chung , Sung Fung-Chang , Wen Chi P. , Hsiung Chao A. , Hsu Chung Y.
Published: January 2020

Background:

Alzheimer’s disease, the most common cause of dementia among the elderly, is
a progressive and irreversible neurodegenerative disease. Exposure to air pollutants is known to have
adverse effects on human health, however, little is known about hydrocarbons in the air that can trigger
a dementia event.

Objective:

We aimed to investigate whether long-term exposure to airborne hydrocarbons increases the
risk of developing dementia.

Method:

The present cohort study included 178,085 people aged 50 years and older in Taiwan. Cox
proportional hazards regression analysis was used to fit the multiple pollutant models for two targeted
pollutants, including total hydrocarbons and non-methane hydrocarbons, and estimated the risk of dementia.

Results:

Before controlling for multiple pollutants, hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals for the
overall population were 7.63 (7.28-7.99, p <0.001) at a 0.51-ppm increases in total hydrocarbons, and
2.94 (2.82-3.05, p <0.001) at a 0.32-ppm increases in non-methane hydrocarbons. The highest adjusted
hazard ratios for different multiple-pollutant models of each targeted pollutant were statistically significant
(p <0.001) for all patients: 11.52 (10.86-12.24) for total hydrocarbons and 9.73 (9.18-10.32) for
non-methane hydrocarbons.

Conclusion:

Our findings suggest that total hydrocarbons and non-methane hydrocarbons may be contributing
to dementia development.
Searching for Potential HDAC2 Inhibitors: Structure-activity Relationship Studies on Indole-based Hydroxamic Acids as an Anticancer Agent
Authors: Shirbhate Ekta , Divya  , Patel Preeti , K. Patel Vijay , Veerasamy Ravichandran , Sharma Prabodh C. , Rajak Harish
Published: January 2020

Aim:

To predict the most potent indole based HDAC2 inhibitors from several scientific
reports through the process of lead identification and SAR development.
Background: The current scenario is observing Histone Deacetylase (HDAC) as an alluring
molecular target for the designing and development of drugs for cancer treatment.

Background:

The current scenario is observing Histone Deacetylase (HDAC) as an alluring
molecular target for the designing and development of drugs for cancer treatment.

Objective:

To identify the lead and establish structure-activity correlation among indole based
hydroxamic acid to find out promising HDAC2 based anticancer agent.

Methods:

A dataset containing 59 molecules was analyzed using structure and ligand-based
integrated approach comprising atom-based 3D-QSAR (Quantitative Structure-Activity
Relationship) and pharmacophore study, e-pharmacophore mapping and molecular modeling
methodologies. The finest model was prepared by amalgamating the properties of electronegativity,
polarizability, Vander Waals forces and other conformational aspects.

Results:

The result of 3D QSAR analysis, performed for 4 PLS factor, provided the following
statistical information: R2 = 0.9461, Q2 = 0.7342 and low standard of deviation SD = 0.1744 for
hypothesis ADDDH.10 and R2 = 0.9444, Q2= 0.7858 and again low standard of deviation
SD = 0.1795 for hypothesis DDHRR.12. The XP molecular docking showed intermolecular
interactions of small molecules with amino acids such as GLY154, HIP145, PHE210, HIE183,
internal H2O and Zn2+.

Conclusion:

The interpretation of data generated as a result of this investigation clearly hints about
the better biological activity of test compounds as compared to SAHA. Hence, the outcome of these
structure and ligand-based integrated studies could be employed for the design of novel arylindole
derivatives as a potent HDAC inhibitor.
Cardiovascular Risk Prediction using JBS3 Tool: A Kerala based Study
Authors: Paul Paulin , George Noel , Shan B. Priestly
Published: January 2020

Background:

Accuracy of Joint British Society calculator3 (JBS3) cardiovascular (CV)
risk assessment tool may vary across the Indian states, which is not verified in south Indian, Kerala
based population.

Objectives:

To evaluate the traditional risk factors (TRFs) based CV risk estimation done in Kerala
based population.

Methods:

This cross-sectional study uses details of 977 subjects aged between 30 and 80 years,
recorded from the medical archives of clinical locations at Ernakulum district, in Kerala. The risk
categories used are Low (<7.5%), Intermediate (≥7.5% and <20%), and High (≥20%) 10-year risk
classifications. The lifetime classifications are Low lifetime (≤39%) and High lifetime (≥40%) are
used. The study evaluated using statistical analysis; the Chi-square test was used for dependent and
categorical CV risk variable comparisons. A multivariate ordinal logistic regression analysis for the
10-year risk and odds logistic regression analysis for the lifetime risk model identified the
significant risk variables.

Results:

The mean age of the study population is 52.56±11.43 years. With 39.1% in low, 25.0% in
intermediate, and 35.9% has high 10-year risk. Low lifetime risk with 41.1%, the high lifetime risk
has 58.9% subjects. The intermediate 10-year risk category shows the highest reclassifications to
High lifetime risk. The Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit statistics indicates a good model fit.

Conclusion:

Timely interventions using risk predictions can aid in appropriate therapeutic and lifestyle
modifications useful for primary prevention. Precaution to avoid short-term incidences and
reclassifications to a high lifetime risk can reduce the CVD related mortality rates.
Synthesis and In vitro Antibacterial, Antitubercular Studies of Novel Fluoroquinolones Analogs Containing 4-substituted Sec Amine
Authors: Akula Ravi K. , Pamulaparthy Shanthan R. , Koochana Pranay K. , Sriram Dharmarajan
Published: January 2020

Background:

Tuberculosis is a contagious, air borne disease and second leading cause of death among infectious diseases worldwide. Fluoroquinolones are well-known antibacterial agents and they were recommended as second-line of antitubercular drugs.

Method:

A series of novel fluoroquinolone analogs 6-24 was effectively synthesized. An attempt was made by tagging the substituted pyrazole on to fluoroquinolones for the first time at C-7 position. The newly synthesized compounds were characterized by FTIR, 1HNMR, ESI-MS, HR-MS and elemental analysis. The in vitro antibacterial activity of all the title compounds was investigated against various gram positive, gram negative bacterial organisms and in vitro antitubercular activity against Mycobacterium Tuberculosis H37Rv strain.

Result:

Most of the synthesized compounds showed comparable activity against the entire gram positive and gram negative bacterial organisms. Fluoroquinolone 16 showed enhanced activity against both type of bacterial strains and compound 11showed promising activity against MTB-H37Rv strain.

Conclusion:

Some of the novel fluoroquinolone analogs (11, 16) showed potent antibacterial, antitubercular activity.
Avaliação rápida de impactos em cavernas turísticas do Parque Estadual de Terra Ronca, Goiás, Brasil
Authors: Zanatto Vinícius Galvão , Silva Bárbara Costa , Da Silva Wallace Vieira , Mendes Venícius Miranda , Steinke Valdir Adilson
Published: January 2020

O Parque Estadual de Terra Ronca se localiza nos municípios de São Domingos e Guarani de Goiás. A motivação turística na região é relacionada ao geoturismo, em especial com a visita às cavernas. Os ambientes cársticos possuem dinâmica própria o que cria ambientes singulares. Visando a conservação desses ambientes empregam-se ferramentas de diagnóstico ambiental focando nos impactos existentes na área. A pesquisa ocorreu em 4 cavernas do Parque Estadual de Terra Ronca e foi aplicado um protocolo de avaliação de impactos, elaborado por Donato et al (2014), para diagnosticar a situação das cavernas abertas ao turismo no parque, chegando aos seguintes valores de impactos: São Mateus - 21, São Bernardo - 29, Terra Ronca II - 34 e Terra Ronca - 40. Os resultados demonstraram que as cavernas estão em risco e suscetíveis a diversos impactos, sendo necessárias medidas urgentes para a conservação dos ambientes associados a elas. A implementação do plano de manejo, específico para cada caverna, é urgente, visto que esse documento é fundamental para guiar as ações de manejo e monitoramento das cavernas em questão. É importante destacar que além de tais iniciativas é preciso estabelecer programas paralelos de educação e difusão da importância destes geossistemas, propiciando conhecimento da sociedade em geral sobre cavernas e sua conservação.
Valores geomorfológicos em áreas protegidas: o caso da Serra da Penha / Guimarães (Portugal)
Authors: Vieira António Batista , Costa Francisco Silva , Corrêa Letícia
Published: January 2020

A Serra da Penha localiza-se no município de Guimarães, atingindo os 613 metros de altitude e incluindo uma área verde de 50 hectares que, devido às suas características naturais, constitui um dos grandes pontos de atração turística municipal. No contexto das estratégias ambientais que têm vindo a desenvolver, a Câmara Municipal de Guimarães está a elaborar a classificação da Serra da Penha como Paisagem Protegida Local, proposta esta que deve ser entendida como uma medida de proteção e de valorização. Entre os valores naturais da Serra da Penha destacamos os valores geomorfológicos e geológicos, definidos como geossítios no Plano Diretor Municipal de Guimarães. A Serra da Penha apresenta um elevado valor e interesse geológico devido à sua natureza granítica, integrando também um conjunto diversificado de elementos geomorfológicos, com destaque para os grandes blocos dispersos nas vertentes (as penhas) e que podem vir a constituir um importante geopatrimónio a valorizar. A diversidade destes elementos é significativa, podendo-se encontrar blocos graníticos associados em formas diversificadas, com um arranjo particular, com configurações antropomórficas ou associados a determinados aspetos culturais e/ou religiosos, como seja o “penedo que abana”, o “penedo suspenso” ou a gruta do ermitão. Assim, procuramos analisar a relevância dos valores geomorfológicos no âmbito do Geopatrimónio e seu enquadramento no processo de candidatura da Serra da Penha como Paisagem Protegida Local.
Aerosol optical depth (AOD) retrieval for atmospheric correction in Landsat-8 imagery using second simulation of a satellite signal in the solar spectrum-vector (6SV)
Authors: Basith Abdul , Nuha Muhammad Ulin , Prastyani Ratna , Winarso Gathot
Published: January 2020

Atmospheric correction has been challenging task in digital image processing. It requires several atmospheric parameters in order to obtain accurate surface reflectance of objects within the image scene. One of the most crucial parameters required for accurate atmospheric correction is aerosol optical depth (AOD). AOD can be obtained by in-situ measurement or estimated from remote sensing observation. In this experiment, atmospheric correction was performed using second simulation of a satellite signal in the solar spectrum-vector (6SV) algorithm on Landsat-8 imagery in which AOD parameter was retrieved from surface reflectance inversion involving daily-global surface reflectance product of moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS). Furthermore, AOD retrieved from surface reflectance inversion was also validated using ground-based sun photometer observation data from aerosol robotic network (AERONET) station in Bandung, Indonesia. Our experiment shows the consistency between AOD from surface reflectance inversion and AOD from ground-based observation. Finally, 6SV was performed on Landsat-8 imagery to obtain the surface reflectance. We further compared surface reflectance of 6SV atmospheric correction and surface reflectance of Landsat-8 Level 2 product. The atmospherically corrected image also shared agreeable result with Landsat 8 Level-2 product.
Evaluating Patient-Centered Mobile Health Technologies: Definitions, Methodologies, and Outcomes (Preprint)
Authors: Bruce Courtenay , Harrison Patricia , Giammattei Charlie , Desai Shetal-Nicholas , Sol Joshua R , Jones Stephen , Schwartz Roberta
Published: January 2020

UNSTRUCTURED

Several recently published studies and consensus statements have demonstrated that there is only modest (and in many cases, low-quality) evidence that mobile health (mHealth) can improve patient clinical outcomes such as the length of stay or reduction of readmissions. There is also uncertainty as to whether mHealth can improve patient-centered outcomes such as patient engagement or patient satisfaction. One principal challenge behind the “effectiveness” research in this field is a lack of common understanding about what it means to be effective in the digital space (ie, what should constitute a relevant outcome and how best to measure it). In this viewpoint, we call for interdisciplinary, conceptual clarity on the definitions, methodologies, and patient-centered outcomes frequently used in mHealth research. To formulate our recommendations, we used a snowballing approach to identify relevant definitions, outcomes, and methodologies related to mHealth. To begin, we drew heavily upon previously published detailed frameworks that enumerate definitions and measurements of engagement. We built upon these frameworks by extracting other relevant measures of patient-centered care, such as patient satisfaction, patient experience, and patient activation. We describe several definitional inconsistencies for key constructs in the mHealth literature. In an effort to achieve clarity, we tease apart several patient-centered care outcomes, and outline methodologies appropriate to measure each of these patient-care outcomes. By creating a common pathway linking definitions with outcomes and methodologies, we provide a possible interdisciplinary approach to evaluating mHealth technologies. With the broader goal of creating an interdisciplinary approach, we also provide several recommendations that we believe can advance mHealth research and implementation.
Neural Network–Based Clinical Prediction System for Identifying the Clinical Effects of Saffron (Crocus sativus L) Supplement Therapy on Allergic Asthma: Model Evaluation Study (Preprint)
Authors: Hosseini Seyed Ahmad , Jamshidnezhad Amir , Zilaee Marzie , Fouladi Dehaghi Behzad , Mohammadi Abbas , Hosseini Seyed Mohsen
Published: January 2020

BACKGROUND

Asthma is commonly associated with chronic airway inflammation and is the underlying cause of over a million deaths each year. Crocus sativus L, commonly known as saffron, when used in the form of traditional medicines, has demonstrated anti-inflammatory effects which may be beneficial to individuals with asthma.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study was to develop a clinical prediction system using an artificial neural network to detect the effects of C sativus L supplements on patients with allergic asthma.

METHODS

A genetic algorithm–modified neural network predictor system was developed to detect the level of effectiveness of C sativus L using features extracted from the clinical, immunologic, hematologic, and demographic information of patients with asthma. The study included data from men (n=40) and women (n=40) individuals with mild or moderate allergic asthma from 18 to 65 years of age. The aim of the model was to estimate and predict the level of effect of C sativus L supplements on each asthma risk factor and to predict the level of alleviation in patients with asthma. A genetic algorithm was used to extract input features for the clinical prediction system to improve its predictive performance. Moreover, an optimization model was developed for the artificial neural network component that classifies the patients with asthma using C sativus L supplement therapy.

RESULTS

The best overall performance of the clinical prediction system was an accuracy greater than 99% for training and testing data. The genetic algorithm–modified neural network predicted the level of effect with high accuracy for anti–heat shock protein (anti-HSP), high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), forced expiratory volume in the first second of expiration (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), the ratio of FEV1/FVC, and forced expiratory flow (FEF25%-75%) for testing data (anti-HSP: 96.5%; hs-CRP: 98.9%; FEV1: 98.1%; FVC: 97.5%; FEV1/FVC ratio: 97%; and FEF25%-75%: 96.7%, respectively).

CONCLUSIONS

The clinical prediction system developed in this study was effective in predicting the effect of C sativus L supplements on patients with allergic asthma. This clinical prediction system may help clinicians to identify early on which clinical factors in asthma will improve over the course of treatment and, in doing so, help clinicians to develop effective treatment plans for patients with asthma.
Self-Perceptions of Readiness to Use Electronic Health Records Among Medical Students: Survey Study (Preprint)
Authors: Lander Lina , Baxter Sally L , Cochran Gary L , Gali Helena E , Cook Kristen , Hatch Thomas , Taylor Regan , Awdishu Linda
Published: January 2020

BACKGROUND

Although several national organizations have declared the ability to work with electronic health records (EHRs) as a core competency of medical education, EHR education and use among medical students vary widely. Previous studies have reported EHR tasks performed by medical students, but students’ self-perceived readiness and comfort with EHRs are relatively unknown.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to better understand medical students’ self-perceived readiness to use EHRs to identify potential curricular gaps and inform future training efforts based on students’ perspectives.

METHODS

The authors deployed a survey investigating self-perceived comfort with EHRs at 2 institutions in the United States in May 2019. Descriptive statistics were generated regarding demographics, comfort level with various EHR-related tasks, and cross-institutional comparisons. We also assessed the impact of extracurricular EHR experience on comfort level.

RESULTS

In total, 147 medical students responded, of which 80 (54.4%) were female, with equal distribution across all 4 years of training. Overall confidence was generally higher for students with longer extracurricular EHR experience, even when adjusted for age, gender, year of training, and institution. Students were most comfortable with tasks related to looking up information in the EHR and felt less comfortable with tasks related to entering new information and managing medications. Fourth-year students at both schools reported similar levels of comfort with EHR use, despite differences in preclinical EHR training. Open-ended comments emphasized the value of experiential training over didactic formats.

CONCLUSIONS

Information entry and medication management in the EHR represent areas for future curricular development. Experiential training via extracurricular activities and early clinical exposure may be high-yield approaches to help medical students achieve critical EHR competencies.
Development of “Advancing People of Color in Clinical Trials Now!”: Web-Based Randomized Controlled Trial Protocol (Preprint)
Authors: Chung Alicia , Seixas Azizi , Williams Natasha , Senathirajah Yalini , Robbins Rebecca , Newsome Garcia Valerie , Ravenell Joseph , Jean-Louis Girardin
Published: January 2020

BACKGROUND

Participation in clinical trials among people of color remains low, compared with white subjects. This protocol describes the development of “Advancing People of Color in Clinical Trials Now!” (ACT Now!), a culturally tailored website designed to influence clinical trial decision making among people of color.

OBJECTIVE

This cluster randomized study aims to test the efficacy of a culturally tailored website to increase literacy, self-efficacy, and willingness to enroll in clinical trials among people of color.

METHODS

ACT Now! is a randomized trial including 2 groups: (1) intervention group (n=50) with access to the culturally tailored website and (2) control group (n=50) exposed to a standard clinical recruitment website. Clinical trial literacy and willingness to enroll in a clinical trial will be measured before and after exposure to the website corresponding to their assigned group (intervention or control). Surveys will be conducted at baseline and during the 1-month postintervention and 3-month follow-up. Website architecture and wireframing will be informed by the literature and experts in the field. Statistical analysis will be conducted using a two-tailed t test, with 80% power, at .05 alpha level, to increase clinical trial literacy, self-efficacy, and willingness to enroll in clinical trials 3 months post intervention.

RESULTS

We will design a culturally tailored website that will provide leverage for community stakeholders to influence clinical trial literacy, self-efficacy, and willingness to enroll in clinical trials among racial and ethnic groups. ACT Now! applies a community-based participatory research approach through the use of a community steering committee (CSC). The CSC provides input during the research study conception, development, implementation, and enrollment. CSC relationships help foster trust among communities of color. ACT Now! has the potential to fill a gap in clinical trial enrollment among people of color through an accessible web-based website. This study was funded in July 2017 and obtained institutional review board approval in spring 2017. As of December 2019, we had enrolled 100 participants. Data analyses are expected to be completed by June 2020, and expected results are to be published in fall 2020.

CONCLUSIONS

ACT Now! has the potential to fill an important gap in clinical trial enrollment among people of color through an accessible web-based website.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03243071; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00102401

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/17589
Recommendations From the Twitter Hashtag #DoctorsAreDickheads: Qualitative Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Sharma Anjana Estelle , Mann Ziva , Cherian Roy , Del Rosario Jan Bing , Yang Janine , Sarkar Urmimala
Published: January 2020

BACKGROUND

The social media site Twitter has 145 million daily active users worldwide and has become a popular forum for users to communicate their health care concerns and experiences as patients. In the fall of 2018, a hashtag titled #DoctorsAreDickheads emerged, with almost 40,000 posts calling attention to health care experiences.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to identify common health care conditions and conceptual themes represented within the phenomenon of this viral Twitter hashtag.

METHODS

We analyzed a random sample of 5.67% (500/8818) available tweets for qualitative analysis between October 15 and December 31, 2018, when the hashtag was the most active. Team coders reviewed the same 20.0% (100/500) tweets and the remainder individually. We abstracted the user’s health care role and clinical conditions from the tweet and user profile, and used phenomenological content analysis to identify prevalent conceptual themes through sequential open coding, memoing, and discussion of concepts until an agreement was reached.

RESULTS

Our final sample comprised 491 tweets and unique Twitter users. Of this sample, 50.5% (248/491) were from patients or patient advocates, 9.6% (47/491) from health care professionals, 4.3% (21/491) from caregivers, 3.7% (18/491) from academics or researchers, 1.0% (5/491) from journalists or media, and 31.6% (155/491) from non–health care individuals or other. The most commonly mentioned clinical conditions were chronic pain, mental health, and musculoskeletal conditions (mainly Ehlers-Danlos syndrome). We identified 3 major themes: disbelief in patients’ experience and knowledge that contributes to medical errors and harm, the power inequity between patients and providers, and metacommentary on the meaning and impact of the #DoctorsAreDickheads hashtag.

CONCLUSIONS

People publicly disclose personal and often troubling health care experiences on Twitter. This adds new accountability for the patient-provider interaction, highlights how harmful communication affects diagnostic safety, and shapes the public’s viewpoint of how clinicians behave. Hashtags such as this offer valuable opportunities to learn from patient experiences. Recommendations include developing best practices for providers to improve communication, supporting patients through challenging diagnoses, and promoting patient engagement.
Twitter as a Mental Health Support System for Students and Professionals in the Medical Field (Preprint)
Authors: Liu Lisa , Woo Benjamin K P
Published: January 2020

UNSTRUCTURED

Twitter is a rapidly growing social media site that has greatly integrated itself in the lives of students and professionals in the medical field. While Twitter has been found to be very helpful in facilitating education, there is also great potential for its usage as a social support system. Social support has become more essential as society grapples with declining mental health, particularly in the medical sector.
In our previous paper, we saw that Twitter provides a promising tool to learn more about the online conversation about dementia and, in particular, the supportive network that can be created. Inspired by this, we decided to investigate the potential of using Twitter as a support system for students and professionals in the medical field. In this paper, we explore the current state of mental health in the medical field and suggest practical implementation methods for using Twitter.
Mapping the Psychosocialcultural Aspects of Healthcare Professionals’ Information Security Practices: Systematic Mapping Study (Preprint)
Authors: Yeng Prosper Kandabongee , Szekeres Adam , Yang Bian , Snekkenes Einar Arthur
Published: January 2020

BACKGROUND

Data breaches in health care are on the rise, emphasizing the need for a holistic approach to mitigation efforts.

OBJECTIVE

The purpose of this study was to develop a comprehensive framework for modeling and analyzing health care professionals’ information security practices related to their individual characteristics, such as their psychological, social, and cultural traits.

METHODS

The study area was a hospital setting under an ongoing project called the Healthcare Security Practice Analysis, Modeling, and Incentivization (HSPAMI) project. A literature review was conducted for relevant theories and information security practices. The theories and security practices were used to develop an ontology and a comprehensive framework consisting of psychological, social, cultural, and demographic variables.

RESULTS

In the review, a number of psychological, social, and cultural theories were identified, including the health belief model, protection motivation theory, theory of planned behavior, and social control theory, in addition to some social demographic variables, to form a comprehensive set of health care professionals’ characteristics. Furthermore, an ontology was developed from these theories to systematically organize the concepts. The framework, called the psychosociocultural (PSC) framework, was then developed from the various combined psychological and sociocultural attributes of the ontology. The Human Aspect of Information Security Questionnaire was adopted as a comprehensive tool for gathering staff security practices as mediating variables in the framework.

CONCLUSIONS

Data breaches occur often in health care today. This frequency has been attributed to the lack of experience of health care professionals in information security, the lack of development of conscious care security practices, and the lack of motivation to incentivize health care professionals. The frequent data breaches in health care threaten the mutual trust between health care professionals and patients, which implicitly impacts the quality of the health care service. The modeling and analysis of health care professionals’ security practices can be conducted with the PSC framework by combining methods of statistical survey, observations, and interviews in relation to PSC variables, such as perceptions (perceived benefits, perceived threats, and perceived barriers) or psychological traits, social factors, cultural factors, and social demographics.
Relationship between seborrheic dermatitis and climate change: observational study (Preprint)
Authors: Kutlu Ömer
Published: January 2020

BACKGROUND

The exact etiology of seborrheic dermatitis remains unclear and climate change is considered one of the possible triggering factors.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between seborrheic dermatitis and climate data including humidity, temperature, rainfall, atmospheric pressure, cloud, and UV index.

METHODS

The data were collected retrospectively from electronic health registry systems in Develi in the Central Anatolia region of Turkey, between August 2018- July 2019. The monthly seborrheic dermatitis incidence was calculated. Climate data for the relevant period were obtained. The correlation between seborrheic dermatitis incidence and climate data were analyzed.

RESULTS

The study included a total of 21588 patients applied to the Dermatology outpatient clinic. Seborrhoeic dermatitis was identified in 996 patients (4.61%). The mean age of the patients was 30.2±20.2 years. The seborrheic dermatitis incidence rate was highest in winter season (5.02%). There was a statistically significant positive correlation between high humidity (%), cloud (%) and seborrheic dermatitis incidence, while a negative correlation was between high temperature (°C) and seborrheic dermatitis incidence.(p<0.001, p=0.028, p=0.024, respectively)

CONCLUSIONS

Environmental factors such as high humidity, high cloud rate, and low temperature are important in the emergence of seborrheic dermatitis.
A poesia inglesa e a retórica aristotélica: a atualidade dos discursos poéticos e preceptivos no século XVI
Authors: Silvares Fiorussi Lavinia
Published: January 2020

Este artigo trata da produção discursiva sobre o regramento da poesia divulgada na Inglaterra, entre a segunda metade do século XVI e a primeira metade do século XVII, pressupondo a vigência da retórica aristotélica como doutrina organizadora do pensamento e das artes. Assumindo uma abordagem teórica não-reflexológica, este artigo considera que os tratados de retórica e de poética em questão têm seu próprio valor como artefatos da linguagem, constituindo, ao mesmo tempo, peças divulgadoras dos preceitos e das qualidades impostas ao fazer poético e, também, produtos do mesmo meio histórico e social em que se realiza a poesia.
From ”learning to read” to ”reading to learn”: An analysis of the reading mistakes made by students
Authors: Budjevac Nevena
Published: January 2020

Reading literacy is a complex competence that consists of a series of
functionally applicable knowledge, skills, attitudes and strategies that the
individual gains and uses through formal and informal education and through
everyday life. In addition to the skills, which allow the reader to
understand individual words and sentences, the backbone of the development
of reading literacy is the development of skills and processes that allow
them to construct the meaning of the entirety of the text. Mastering these
skills paves the way for children to transition from the learning- to-read
phase to the reading-to-learn phase, which should take place towards the end
of the first cycle of compulsory education. This is why the aim of this
study was to explore in detail the difficulties that pupils face at the end
of the 4th grade, regarding reading comprehension. The study included 170
pupils from Belgrade. The study was conducted in groups and lasted for one
school period. The study used 50 tasks that previous research had shown
reliably tested different levels of reading comprehension at the given age.
The tasks were divided into six blocks (6 to 9 tasks per block), and each
child did two blocks of tasks (incomplete study design). All the incorrect
answers were analysed in detail against the type of requirement that the
specific task had, and they were classified according to the type of mistake
that the child made. The results showed that at the end of the 4th grade a
significant number of students had not developed skills that comprise the
backbone for reading comprehension, based on which we concluded that their
capacity to use reading as a tool of learning and development was somewhat
limited.
METODOLOGI PENCIPTAAN KARYA TARI SURAU
Authors: Anughara Fattahul , Martion Martion , Nursyirwan Nursyirwan
Published: January 2020

AbstrakKarya tari Surau merupakan sebuah transformasi budaya ke dalam bentuk seni pertunjukan. Karya ini terinspirasi dari persoalan nilai pendidikan di Surau, didalamnya terdapat nilai sosial budaya dan agama. Surau merupakan lembaga pendidikan untuk anak laki-laki di Minangkabau, dapat dilihat bahwa seorang laki-laki dididik sejak dini untuk bisa membekali dirinya sehingga ilmu dan keterampilan yang didapat bisa berguna saat mereka dewasa dan akan pergi merantau. Tujuan dari penulisan artikel ini agar mengetahui metode penciptaan dan bentuk garapan dari karya tari Surau. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penulisan ini ialah penelitian kualitatif dengan konsep historis. Teknik pengnumpulan data berupa pengamatan berpartisipasi, wawancara, analisis dokumen, menilai, membuktikan serta mensintesiskan dari bukti lapangan. Hasil dari penelitian ini dapat membuktikan bahwa bentuk transformasi karya tari Surau merupkan hasil dari sebuah metodologi penciptaan sebuah karya.Kata Kunci: surau, metodologi penciptaan, bentuk garapan.AbstractSurau dance work is a cultural transformation into the form of performing arts. This work is inspired by the issue of the value of education in Surau, in which there are socio-cultural and religious values. Surau is an educational institution for boys in Minangkabau, it can be seen that a man is educated early to be able to equip himself so that the knowledge and skills acquired can be useful when they are adults and will go abroad. The purpose  of  writing this article is to find out the method of creation and the form of cultivation from Surau dance works. The research method used in this writing is qualitative research with historical concepts. The technique of collecting data in the form of participatory observations, interviews, document analysis, evaluating, proving and synthesizing  from  field  evidence. The results of this study can prove that the form of transformation of Surau dance works is the result of a methodology of creating a work.  Keywords: surau, creation methodology, form of cultivation
GAYA BELAJAR AURAL PLAY DI YAMAHA MUSIK PADANG
Authors: Saputra Wahyu Eka , Efi Agusti
Published: January 2020

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pelaksanaan pembelajaran gaya belajar aural play di Yamaha musik Padang. Metode yang digunakan dalam mengetahui pelaksanaan pembelajaran aural play di Yamaha musik Padang ini adalah metode kualitatif natural observasi, dimana peneliti sebagai instrument utama penelitian. Siswa Yamaha musik padang memiliki kecendrungan menggunakan indra pendengaran untuk belajar dan mempraktekkan alat musik dengan menirukan kembali apa saja yang dilakukan oleh guru mereka. Walaupun telah adanya buku penunjang berisi notasi musik yang dipelajari dengan cara membaca, siswa lebih senang mendengarkan dan menirukan cara guru mereka mempraktekan materi musik yang sedang dipelajarinya. Oleh sebab itu perlu untuk dicari tahu kenapa siswa Yamaha musik padang sangat cendrung menggunakan gaya belajar aural play dalam mempelajari dan mempraktekkan instrument musik mereka. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menambah wawasan kajian pembelajaran musik tentang penerapan gaya belajar aural kepada siswa di lembaga pendidikan musik, mampu memperkaya teori tentang gaya belajar aural dan terhadap pengembangan ilmu pengetahuan yang berkaitan dengan gaya belajar aural.  Kata Kunci: gaya belajar, musik, aural, play.AbstractThis research study is to study the implementation of aural play style learning in Yamaha Padang music. The method used in studying the implementation of learning to play in Yamaha Padang music is a qualitative method of natural observation, where the researcher as the main research instrument. Yamaha Padang students have a tendency to use the sense of hearing to learn and practice musical instruments by imitating whatever their teacher does. Although there are supporting books containing music notation that are learned by reading, students prefer to listen and imitate the way their teacher practices the music material that they are learning. Therefore it is necessary to know why Yamaha Padang students are so inclined to use aural learning learning styles in discussions and practice their musical instruments. This research is expected to add insight into music learning about the application of aural learning styles to students in music education institutions, able to enrich theories about aural learning styles and to the development of knowledge related to aural learning styles. Keywords: learning style, music, aural, play.
PENGARUH HEALTH CONSCIOUSNESS TERHADAP PSYCHOLOGICAL WELLBEING YANG DIMEDIASI SIKAP OLAHRAGA PADA ORANG YANG OBESITAS DI BANDUNG RAYA
Authors: Indriyani Pritha Dewi , Maslihah Sri , Wulandari Anastasia
Published: January 2020

Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk melihat pengaruh dari health consciousness terhadap psychological wellbeing yang dimediasi perilaku olahraga pada orang yang obesitas di Bandung raya. Partisipan (N= 125, usia dewasa awal; jenis kelamin; jenis kegiatan/pekerjaan; status pernikahan; kemauan berolahraga dan kondisi kesehatan) mengisi kuesioner yang berisi instrumen Sikap Olahraga untuk mengetahui tentang caranya menyikapi olahraga; dan Health Consciousness Scale untuk mengukur tingkat kesadaran untuk menjaga kesehatannya, dan Six Dimensions of Psychological Wellbeing Scale untuk mengukur tingkat kesejahteraan psikologis yang dimiliki. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah Causal Analysis Mediation. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan tingkat health consciousness dapat memengaruhi tingkat psychological wellbeing dengan kontribusi peningkatan sebesar 13.1% dan signifikansi sebesar <0,001. Sikap olahraga ditemukan berfungsi sebagai mediator dengan kategori partial mediation yang artinya ketika ada variabel olahraga akan menurunkan koefisien regresi pengaruh health consciousness terhadap psychological wellbeing dibandingkan ketika hubungan langsung tanpa variabel olahraga. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa ketika responden sadar harus meningkatkan kesehatannya maka dia akan memiliki tingkat kesejahteraan psikologis yang tinggi dengan sikap olahraga yang positif.
PARENTING STRESS DAN PARENTING ALLIANCE PADA IBU YANG MENJADI WARGA BINAAN PEMASYARAKATAN
Authors: Andriani Dhini , Sumintardja Elmira N , Abdurachman Muniroh
Published: January 2020

Selama berada di lapas Ibu yang menjadi WBP harus berpisah dengan anak mereka dan tidak dapat mengasuh anak secara langsung, serta harus membangun hubungan dengan pengasuh anak mereka. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana gambaran parenting stress dan parenting alliance serta korelasi diantara keduanya pada Ibu yang menjadi Warga Binaan Pemasyarakatan (WBP). Pengukuran menggunakan Parenting Stress Index (PSI) dan parenting Alliance Measure (PAM). Total partisipan penelitian adalah 43 incarcerated mother. Analisa data menggunakan statistik deskriptif dan korelasi Spearman rho. Ibu yang menjadi WBP  memiliki parenting stress yang cenderung rendah. Hal ini berarti meskipun berada di Lapas, para Ibu yang menjadi WBP memiliki sumberdaya yang cukup untuk dapat menjalankan tuntutan sebagai orang tua. Diantara tujuh dimensi pada parenting stress, hanya dimensi depression bernilai tinggi. Hal ini menunjukkan mereka Ibu yang menjadi WBP merasakan perasaan bersalah karena tidak dapat mengasuh anak secara langsung dan tidak merasa puas menjalankan peran sebagai orang tua. Ibu yang menjadi WBP memiliki penilaian yang tinggi terhadap parenting alliance yang dibentuk dengan pengasuh anak. Hal ini berarti mereka merasakan adanya komunikasi dan kerjasama, serta komitmen dari pengasuh anak. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara parenting stress dan parenting alliance pada Ibu yang menjadi WBP. Saran penelitian selanjutnya adalah tidak hanya mengukur Ibu yang menjadi WBP, tapi juga mengukur parenting alliance pada pengasuh anak, serta bagaimana penyesuaian diri anak terhadap perpisahan dengan ibu karena pemenjaraan.