bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Canadian Identity and Canada’s Indian Residential School Apology
Authors: Stabler Jason
Published: November 2021

Canada’s more than century-long Indian Residential Schools system transferred Indigenous children from their homes and communities to state- and church-run schools with the goal offacilitating their assimilation into Canadian society. In 2008, Canada delivered an official apology for its role in the system and its legacy. This apology has the potential to heal Indigenous/Settler-state relations, but to do so it must transform existing relationships and further simple coexistence as a reconciliation mechanism. The social construction of Canadian identity as lawful and benevolent may present a barrier in achieving these goals and may ultimately hinder meaningful reconciliation with Indigenous peoples.
CULTIVATED TRAGEDY: ART, AESTHETICS, AND TERRORISM IN DON DELILLO’S FALLING MAN
Authors: Bartlett Jen
Published: November 2021

“We are not free and the sky can still fall on our heads. Above all, theatre is meant to teach us this.”( The Theatre and Its Double, 60)On September 11th 2001, the sky did just that and the photogenic skyline of New York City came tumbling down. In a controversial New York Times article, Karl-Heinz Stockhausen termed these events “the greatest work of art in the whole cosmos” and although this outraged the nation at the time and was quickly suppressed, it does not make the theoretical approach any less valid. Don DeLillo’sworks and his ongoing exploration of authorship and terrorism are an encapsulation of Frank Lentricchia and Jody McAuliffe’s observation that “the impulse to create transgressive art and the impulse to commit violence lie perilously close to each other.” Exponents of the 'Gesamtkunstwerk' or 'total art work' advocated an attack on all senses and emotions. Wagner and Runge, amongst others, believed that if one unified the visual, aural and textual arts into one completely integrated whole, the effect on the audience would be of such power that great personal, and consequently social, change or revolution could be effected (Grey 1995). Artaud developed these principles further in his 'Theatre of Cruelty' by moving from representations of an experience to providing the audience with the actuale xperience. Watching his play Plague, Anaïs Nin found that instead of “an objective conference on the theater [sic] and the plague” the audience members were forced to undergo the experience of “theplague itself” (192). Vomiting was actually induced in various spectators. Artaud the playwright acts as Artaud the aesthetic terrorist, assaulting the senses, the body and the consciousness of his audience. DeLillo states in Mao II that the writer should “make raids on human consciousness” in order to “alter the inner life of the culture” (41). This transgressive, frequently invasive, theory of art is focused towards creating social and psychological transformation and bears a striking similarity to acts of terrorism, which are allegedly employed to engender social change.
Crisis' as Tool in the Digital Games Industry: Resistance or Command and Conquer?
Authors: Livermore Owen
Published: November 2021

From media-driven moral panics to colossal business failures, digital games have historically been rife with crisis, defining the games industry and its practices to a significant degree. More recently, media discourse regarding the very aggressive global economic crisis is host to an ideological game where the form and context of crisis is shaped into a number of disparate and sometimes contradictory conclusions about the current state of digital game development. I will provide an overview pinpointing some of the recent claims made about the digital games industry and relate this discursive context to the ongoing challenges of the peoplewho work within it. Additionally, in an effort to address the title and theme of the Intersections2009 Conference, I wish to highlight the ways in which crisis can be “disruptive”, but also manipulable and productive in ways that reveal both hegemonic industry mandates and opportunities for bottom-up mobilization.
THE POLITICS OF BECOMING: BREAKING THE IDENTITY GROUND OF CYBORGS/POSTHUMANS AND HUMANS
Authors: Dionne Emilie
Published: November 2021

Although the fixity of identity constitutes a basis for theory in Identity Politics, the debate on identity as pre-political seems to find its limits when confronted with discourses in feminism, technology and ecological thought. This paper will explore a vision of identity that enhances the way we penetrate political conflicts, by exploring visions of humanity inspired by science fiction (SF). I believe that exploring figures and creatures in Fiction/SF makes it possible to interrogate theoretical categories of identity; that is, these forms of art enhance our imagination, contest boundaries/categories, transform our understanding and perceptions of theworld/realities/subjectivities, and, more specifically, foster how we enter and conceptualize political conflicts and concepts. In this piece, my aim is to consider illustrationsof humanness as depicted in Mamoru Oshii’s film Ghost in the shell (1995). Indeed, SF problematizes and embraces a dynamic vision of humanity where body and mind are intermeshed. Moreover, when technology stains our conception of a pure humanity – destroying the human capacity to reproduce and to die – we shall see that the protagonist in Ghost in the shell (Heretofore Ghosts) seems to discover the potential to mingle both cyborgs/technology and humanness.
BEYOND HUMAN: THE FLIGHT TOWARDS AN ANIMAL IN THE CENTRAL EUROPEAN/CZECH LITERATURE (ČAPEK, KUNDERA—KAFKA, HAŠEK)
Authors: Matonoha Jan
Published: November 2021

The objective of this paper is to argue—to put it somewhat emphatically—that European culture and society regards humanity highly while at the same time degrades and mutilates animals, physically or epistemologically, by exploiting, venerating and pampering them. As the paper tries to argue, these cultural and social attitudes would benefit from the radically deterritorializing schizophrenic treatment of Deleuze as it is anticipated in the works of two Central European modernist authors, Franz Kafka and Jaroslav Hašek.As to the outline of the paper, I would like to make few brief notes on the passagefrom the Nietzschean to Deleuzian tradition of an anti-humanist thinking (provided these two can be at all seen as distinct and separate), as well as on the anti-humanist topoi in Western and Central European literature. Second, on the backdrop of this brief and fragmented observation on the genealogy of anti-humanist writing, I would like to offer a further discussion of texts of the four Czech (or Central European) authors I indicate in the paper’s title.
CYBERMUSEOLOGY AND INTANGIBLE HERITAGE
Authors: Langlais Dominique
Published: November 2021

In the globalization process many cultural traditions around the world tend to disappear under the pressure of standardisation of practice and content. Cultural diversity seems to recede more and more. In a proactive position, UNESCO made a universal declaration on cultural diversity in 2001 that it would aim at heritage preservation.In the same effort of protection and enhancement of cultural diversity, museums are developing Internet material to preserve and disseminate cultural knowledge and heritage and to create interactive experiences between users and content. This has given birth to what some refer to as cybermuseology. But one can ask, do virtual museums present more than images of objects? Can the knowledge of localised cultural heritage and practices be transferred without losing the context it stems from, or what de B’béri (Cinema andSocial Discourse 64) defines as “the condition under which a society produces specific meaning”? More specifically, can information and communication technologies (ICT) transfer tacit knowledge, human experience, and tangible cultural heritage, and if so, what can we learn through this new process of cultural codification?This paper shall focus on explaining cybermuseology and then explore the process of knowledge codification and the links we can draw with heritage codification. In the last section I will discuss virtual experiences and try to determine how museums are using the virtual to protect and promote cultural diversity.
Fitting Pareto Tails to Wealth Survey Data: A Practioners’ Guide
Authors: Wildauer Rafael , Kapeller Jakob
Published: November 2021

Taking survey data of household wealth as our major example, this short article discusses some of the issues applied researchers are facing when fitting (Type I) Pareto distributions to complex survey data. The contribution of this article is threefold. First, we show how the ordering of the data vector is related to alternative definitions of the empirical CCDF. Second, we provide an intuitive reinterpretation of the bias-corrected estimator developed by Gabaix and Ibragimov (2011), in terms of the alternative definitions of the empirical CCDF, which allows us to generalize their result to the case of complex survey data. Third, we provide computational formulas for standard Kolmogorov-Smirnov (KS) and Cramer-von Mises (CvM) goodness- of-fit tests for complex survey data. Taken together the article provides a concise and hopefully useful presentation of the fundamentals of Pareto tail- fitting with complex survey data.
Sectoral Heterogeneity, Income Inequality and Productivity Dynamics
Authors: Assaf Sarid  , Maoz Yishay D.
Published: November 2021

An intricate dynamic pattern has been commonly observed in many developed countries during the past decades. This pattern contains a simultaneous rise in the following economic variables: (i) total factor productivity, (ii) educated labor supply, (iii) wage-gap between high- and low-skilled workers, and (iv) income inequality. Typical explanations for the different elements of this pattern assume a skill-biased technical change (SBTC) or capital-skill complementarity. In this study we offer a complementing explanation for these phenomena, which is based on sectoral heterogeneity and endogenous factor mobility, rather than on an SBTC. We show that sectoral heterogeneity can amplify the effects of a technical change, whether skill-biased or general, in a manner that generates the four elements of the above described dynamic pattern. Furthermore, inequality can perform also a Kuznets-curve pattern, as was observed in several countries, in contrast to the inequality dynamics in typical SBTC models.
INYI Journal Vol 3 Issue 1 2012
Authors: Khanlou Nazilla
Published: November 2021

Full text of INYI Journal Vol 3 Issue 1 2012.
INYI Newsletter Vol 2 Issue 2 2011
Authors: Khanlou Nazilla
Published: November 2021

Full text of INYI Newsletter Vol 2 Issue 2 2011.
Fragmentation and hierarchies in Argentina’s maternal health services as barriers to access, continuity and comprehensiveness of care
Authors: YAÑEZ SABRINA SOLEDAD
Published: November 2021

This paper aims to uncover the ways in which institutional regulations of maternal care services offered by the public health system in Argentina generate various forms of fragmentation and hierarchical organization that create barriers to access, continuity, and comprehensiveness of care. The conceptual and methodological tools of institutional ethnography are used as a guide for analysis of interviews with women and health agents from a province of the country’s Western region, as well as participant observation at regional hospitals and local health centers. The barriers identified and analyzed are related to regulations of time(s), space(s), and hierarchies among the health professions involved in service provision related to maternal health.Keywords: maternal health; institutional ethnography; institutional time; institutional space; hierarchies; pregnancy; Argentina; public healthcare
Decolonizing the U.S. Health Care System: Undocumented and Disabled after ACA
Authors: Park Lisa Sun-Hee , Jimenez Anthony , Hoekstra Erin
Published: November 2021

The Affordable Care Act (ACA) explicitly denies newly arrived documented and undocumented immigrants health insurance coverage, effectively making them the largest remaining uninsured segment of the U.S. population. Using mixed qualitative methods, our original research illustrates the health consequences experienced by uninsured, disabled undocumented immigrants as they navigate what they describe as an apartheid health care system. Critiquing the notion of immigrants as “public charges” or burdens on the system, our qualitative analysis focuses on Houston Health Action, a community-based organization led by and for undocumented, low-income disabled immigrants in Houston, Texas. Engaging a critical migration and critical disabilities studies framework, we use this valuable case to highlight contemporary contradictions in health care and immigration legislation and the embodied consequences of the intersecting oppressions of race, ability, immigration status, and health care access.
Traumatized Children and Post-Traumatic Growth in Francophone Trauma Novels
Authors: Lalonde Suzanne
Published: November 2021

In an attempt to decolonize Trauma Studies, a dominant mental health discourse, and to expand our understanding of trauma and post-traumatic growth, this project investigates J.M.G. Le Clézio’s The African (L’africain 2004) and Ahmadou Kourouma’s: Allah is Not Obliged 2011) (Allah n’est pas obligé 2000) and the untranslated and unfinished Quand on refuse on dit non (2004). The term “decolonizing Trauma Studies” refers to a remapping of this particular field of Cultural Theory by studying these non-Western “trauma novels”. The first critical suggestion advanced is that these authors explore the traumatic consequences of lies that are ontological and phenomenological in nature and maintained through language (logos). This research then examines Le Clézio’s and Kourouma’s models of healing, which centre on the body, language, and an empathetic re-encounter with the traumatized self through narratives. Another major finding is that these texts experiment with literature, manipulating it into new forms, thus expanding our understanding of the relationship between the literary arts and post-traumatic growth theories and treatments.
Fitoterapia para o tratamento da diabetes: um estudo do potencial hipoglicemiante de plantas
Authors: Sousa Thallysson Jose Dourado , Lacerda Adayran Raposo , Silva Camila Pinheiro Santiago , Pinto Monick Nielly Miranda , Martins Simão Pedro Xavier Rocha , Dias Tatiele Gomes , Dantas Kassyo Lenno Sousa , Freitas Milena Sousa , Pereira Domingos Magno Santos , Figueiredo Cristiane Santos Silva e Silva
Published: November 2021

Objetivo: Discorrer a atividade antidiabética e as suas principais formas de ação em meio ao distúrbio metabólico de insulina presentes na circulação sanguínea por plantas encontradas na biodiversidade vegetal do Brasil. Revisão bibliográfica: Quatro plantas empregadas como agentes medicinais foram escolhidas a fim de que a sua possível atuação através de extratos sobre o distúrbio de insulina presentes na circulação sanguínea, já reconhecida por alguns agrupamentos humanos, fosse identificado, as quais são: Bauhinia forficata, Pterocarpus marsupium roxburgh, Morus nigra L e Momordica charantia L. O estudo deu-se mediante a compilação de dados, os quais ponderam efeitos antidiabéticos contidos em cada uma das plantas descritas ao longo da pesquisa e os seus mecanismos de desempenho em relação à fisiologia do controle glicêmico no organismo, através de estudos pré-clínicos em sua maioria. Considerações finais: Foi possível demonstrar os efeitos positivos da fitoterapia através de cada uma das plantas explanadas ao longo da pesquisa no tratamento de diabetes, seja por seu efeito direto ou como coadjuvante durante a terapia.
Terapias hemodialíticas e transplante renal: desafios e sentimentos vivenciados pelo paciente na fila de espera
Authors: Flores Elisandra Santos , Luz Lúcia Fabiane da Silva , Mariot Márcia Dornelles Machado , Cicolella Dayane de Aguiar
Published: November 2021

Objetivo: Identificar como o paciente em terapia hemodialítica vivencia o processo de espera para o transplante. Métodos: Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa exploratória e descritiva realizada em uma clínica de hemodiálise em um município do Rio Grande do Sul. A coleta de dados foi realizada com pessoas diagnosticadas com Insuficiência Renal Crônica (IRC), em terapia hemodialítica e que aguardavam transplante renal. Foram realizadas entrevistas no ano de 2020, em ambiente reservado, gravadas em áudio, com duração de 10 minutos, guiadas por instrumento e transcritas. O fechamento amostral ocorreu por saturação teórica e a análise dos dados baseou-se na análise temática proposta por Minayo MCS (2014). Resultados: Os relatos permitiram identificar as principais dificuldades e anseios daqueles que aguardam transplante renal, destacando o período de fila de espera. A partir dos relatos coletados foi possível a formação de duas categorias temáticas: “a rotina da hemodiálise que fortalece a esperança de sair da máquina” e “a frustração da espera em meio a uma pandemia”. Conclusão: Permitiu-se compreender sentimentos e anseios de pessoas em lista de espera por um transplante renal, destacando a esperança pela doação de um órgão e libertação da máquina de hemodiálise como principais sentimentos.
Balloon-assisted inferior vena cava filter retrieval: A novel technique to enhance irretrievable filter extraction
Authors: Burke Brice , Abdul-Rahim Osama , Burke Kendyl , Hussain Zeiad
Published: November 2021

Although the use of inferior vena cava (IVC) filters has expanded, complications have led to the recommendation to remove all unnecessary filters. Several techniques exist to aid in retrieving irretrievable IVC filters. The balloon-assisted retrieval technique has previously been described to aid in cases of an embedded hook. This report describes an alternative use of the balloon-assisted technique, specifically to aid in the retrieval of Greenfield IVC filters in cases of strut perforation of the cava wall. This technique was successfully performed in six out of six attempted cases with no associated complications.
РАННЕСКИФСКОЕ ВОИНСКОЕ ПОГРЕБЕНИЕ ИЗ МОГИЛЬНИКА БЕЙСУЖЕК XXXV В ПРИКУБАНЬЕ
Authors: В.Е. Маслов , К.С. Окороков , А.А. Клещенко
Published: November 2021

В научный оборот вводятся результаты детального исследования погребального инвентаря воинского погребения раннескифской культуры из раскопок могильника Бейсужек XXXV в Прикубанье. Круг аналогий для литой бронзовой бутероли позволяет включить ее в число предметов, характерных для культуры скифской архаики во втор. пол. VII начале VI в. до н. э. Необычным является сочетание этой находки с бусами розетками, маркирующими продвижение скифских племен и их связи с Закавказьем.

The paper introduces results of the detailed study of a funerary assemblage originating from a warriors burial attributed to the early Scythian culture which was excavated in the Beysuzhek XXXV cemetery in the Kuban Region. A circle of analogies for the cast bronze scabbard chape makes it possible to include it in a group of items typical for Scythian antiquities dating to the second half of the 7th early 6th centuries BC. The co occurrence of this scabbard chape and rosette beads which mark movements of the Scythian groups and their links with the Transcaucasia appears to be unusual.
ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ ПРОИЗВОДСТВЕННЫХ МОДЕЛЕЙ ЖЕЛЕЗООБРАБОТКИ В ЛЕСОСТЕПНОЙ И СТЕПНОЙ СКИФИИ (БЕЛЬСКОЕ И КАМЕНСКОЕ ГОРОДИЩА)
Authors: В.И. Завьялов , Н.Н. Терехова
Published: November 2021

Скифский период время начала железного века в Восточной Европе, возникновения ремесленных центров. Наиболее яркими из них в лесостепной зоне является Бельское городище, в степной зоне Каменское городище. В результате археометаллографического исследования установлено, что технологический уровень развития железообработки в обоих центрах был высок. Но производственные модели существенно различались. На Бельском городище местное развитие кузнечного ремесла испытало воздействие высокоразвитого (вероятно, античного) производственного центра. На Каменском городище железообрабатывающее производство возникает под непосредственным влиянием кавказских производственных традиций.

The Scythian period is the time of the Early Bronze Age in Eastern Europe and the emergence of craft centers. The Belskoye hillfort is the most impressive of such sites in the forest steppe belt, the same goes for the Kamenskoye fortified settlement located in the steppe belt. The archaeometallographic study found out that the technical level of ironworking development in the both centers had reached high level. However, production models differed substantially. Local blacksmith craft development at Belskoye was influenced by a highly developed (most likely, ancient Greek) production center. At Kamenskoye ironworking emerged under direct influence of Caucasian production traditions.
О функциональном назначении одной из категорий фатьяновско балановской глиняной посуды
Authors: Е.В. Волкова
Published: November 2021

Статья посвящена выяснению функционального назначения мисок у фатьяновского и балановского населения Верхнего и Среднего Поволжья. Опираясь на полученные ранее данные о единстве фатьяновско балановской культурной общности, автор проводит совместное изучение керамических комплексов этого близкородственного населения. Из 40 известных мисок специальному анализу форм и орнамента подверглись 36 экземпляров, происходящих из 49 фатьяновских и двух балановских могильников. Автор приходит к выводу, что миски использовались не только для потребления пищи, но и как крышки для горшков и амфор . Особое внимание уделено мискам с отверстиями или ручками налепами с отверстиями. Экспериментальным путем был выявлен наиболее надежный вариант крепления миски к горшку с помощью шнура. В результате проверки разных вариантов использования конструкции горшок миска был выбран наиболее вероятный способ. В этой конструкции миска могла использоваться в качестве дозатора при сливании жидкости из горшка. Учитывая широкое развитие скотоводства у этого населения, такой жидкостью могла быть молочная сыворотка.

The paper attempts to clarify functional use of the bowls used by the Fatyanovo and Balanovo populations which inhabited the Upper and the Middle Volga regions. Relying on the earlier data on the unity of the Fatyanovo Balanovo cultural community, the author carried out a joint study of pottery assemblages of these closely related populations. The shape and ornament of 36 items out of the collection of 40 items were analyzed, the analyzed specimens come from 49 Fatyanovo and 2 Balanovo cemeteries. The author comes to the conclusion that the bowls were used not only as tableware but also as lids for pots and amphorae. A particular emphasis was made on the bowls with perforations or perforated lugs. The most secure variant of attaching the bowl to the pot with the help of a cord was identified experimentally. By checking various options of using pot bowl sets, the most likely method was selected. In this set the bowl was probably used as a dosing device when the liquid was poured out from the pot. Given widespread development of cattle herding among these populations, it may be assumed that milk whey was kept in such pots.
SHIMAILY – A NEW LOCATION OF PETROGLYPHS IN EASTERN KAZAKHSTAN
Authors: З. Самашев
Published: November 2021

В статье приводятся сведения о петроглифах урочища Шимайлы на территории Тарбагатайского района Восточно-Казахстанской области Республики Казахстан. Наскальное искусство этого памятника охватывает время от эпохи бронзы до раннего средневековья. Основные мотивы изображений бронзового века антропоморфная фигура, зооморфные изображения, колесница, знаки-символы и предметы вооружения. Основу звериного образа наскальных изображений Шимайлы бронзового века составляет триада рогатых животных: бык, горный козел/архар, олень. В репертуар петроглифов эпохи бронзы входят также и другие травоядные животные, хищные звери и птицы. Последние представлены изображениями дрофы, которые чаще всего включены в состав многофигурных композиций. Хищники представлены фигурами волков, которые преследуют или терзают парнокопытных. К переходному периоду от эпохи бронзы к раннему железному веку в Шимайлы относятся образы птицеголовых или клювастых оленей, идентичные фигурам на так называемых оленных камнях. К раннесакскому и развитому сакскому периодам относятся изображения оленей поджарых, в летящей позе и/или стоящих на кончиках копыт, с большими глазами, ветвистыми откинутыми назад рогами. Зафиксированы тамги средневековых народов.

The article includes new information on the petroglyphs of the Shimaily (Tarbagatai district of the East Kazakhstan region of the Republic of Kazakhstan). The imagery of this rock art site is related to the period from the Bronze Age to the Early Middle Ages. The main images of the Bronze Age are an anthropomorphic figure, numerous zoomorphic images, a chariot, depictions of weapons, signs and symbols. Animal images are basically represented by the figures of bulls, mountain goats and deer. Other herbivores are also depicted as well as predators and birds. The latter are represented by images of bustards, which are most often included in the multi-figure compositions. Predators are mostly wolves that shown in the scenes of pursuing or tormenting the artiodactyls. Another series of images in Shimaily refers to the transitional period from the Bronze Age to the Early Iron Age. These are birdheaded or beaked deer, identical to the figures depicted on the so-called deer stones. The Early Saka and developed Saka periods include a series of typical deer figures: theiy are lean, flying and/or standing on the tips of the hoofs, with large eyes, with branchy antlers thrown back. The tamga-signs of the medieval peoples are also recorded in Shimaily.
Звучат лишь Письмена. К юбилею А.А. Медынцевой.
Authors: В.Ю. Коваль
Published: November 2021

Настоящий сборник научных статей посвящен юбилею выдающегося ученого, археолога и специалиста по эпиграфике Альбины Александровны Медынцевой. В издание вошли работы, отражающие широту ее научных интересов: об археологии Древней Руси, надписях на средневековых предметах, палеографии, некоторых аспектах древнерусской истории.
Origin of Enhanced Thermal Atomic Layer Etching of Amorphous HfO2
Authors: Mullins Rita , Gutiérrez Moreno Jose Julio , Nolan Michael
Published: November 2021

HfO2 is a high-k material that is used in semiconductor devices. Atomic-level control of material processing is required for the fabrication of thin films of high-k materials at nanoscale device sizes. Thermal atomic layer etching (ALE) of metal oxides, in which up to one monolayer of material can be removed, can be achieved by sequential self-limiting (SL) fluorination and ligand-exchange reactions at elevated temperatures. First-principles based atomic-level simulations using density functional theory (DFT) can give deep insights into the precursor chemistry and the reactions that drive the etch of metal oxides. A previous study examined the hydrogen fluoride (HF) pulse in the first step in the thermal ALE process of crystalline HfO2 and ZrO2. This study examines the HF pulse on amorphous HfO2 using first-principles simulations. The Natarajan-Elliott analysis, a thermodynamic methodology is used to compare reaction models representing the self-limiting and spontaneous etch processes taking place during an ALE pulse. For the HF pulse on amorphous HfO2, we found that thermodynamic barriers impeding spontaneous etching are present at ALE relevant temperatures. HF adsorption calculations on the amorphous oxide surface is studied to understand the mechanistic details of the HF pulse. A HF molecule adsorbs dissociatively by forming Hf-F and O-H bonds. HF coverages ranging from 1.1 ± 0.3 to 18.0 ± 0.3 HF/nm2 are investigated and a mixture of molecularly and dissociatively adsorbed HF molecules is present at higher coverages. A theoretical etch rate of -0.82 ± 0.02 Å/cycle for amorphous HfO2 was calculated using a maximum coverage of 9.0 ± 0.3 Hf-F/nm2. This theoretical etch rate is greater than the theoretical etch rate for crystalline HfO2 that we previously calculated at -0.61 ± 0.02 Å/cycle. Undercoordinated atoms and void regions in amorphous HfO2 allows for more binding sites during fluorination whereas crystalline HfO2 has a limited number of adsorption sites.
Bipolar doping and thermoelectric properties of Zintl arsenide Eu5In2As6
Authors: Tomitaka Naoki , Goto Yosuke , Morino Kota , Hoshi Kazuhisa , Nakahira Yuki , Ito Hiroaki , Miura Akira , Usui Hidetomo , Mizuguchi Yoshikazu
Published: November 2021

Zintl compounds exhibit promising thermoelectric properties because of the feasibility of the chemical tuning of their electrical and thermal transport. While most Zintl pnictides are known to show p-type polarity, recent developments in high-performance n-type Mg3Sb2-based thermoelectric materials have encouraged further identification of n-type Zintl pnictides. In this study, we demonstrate the bipolar dopability of the Zintl arsenide Eu5In2As6. The electrical resistivity at 300 K with n-type polarity was decreased to 7.6 x 10^-1 ohmcm using La as an electron dopant. In contrast to the relatively high resistivity of n-type Eu5In2As6, the p-type resistivity at 300 K was decreased to 5.9 x 10^-3 ohmcm with a carrier concentration of 2.8 x 10^20 /cm3 using Zn as a hole dopant. This doping asymmetry is discussed in terms of the weighted mobility of electrons and holes. Furthermore, a very low lattice thermal conductivity of 0.7 W/mK was observed at 773 K, which is comparable to that of the Sb-containing analogue Eu5In2Sb6. The dimensionless figure of merit ZT = 0.29 at 773 K for Zn-doped p-type Eu5In2As6. This study shows that bipolar dopable Eu5In2As6 can be a platform to facilitate a better understanding of the doping asymmetry in Zintl pnictides.
Electrosynthesis of Biocompatible Free-Standing PEDOT Thin Films at a Polarised Liquid|Liquid Interface
Authors: Lehane Rob A. , Gamero-Quijano Alonso , Malijauskaite Sigita , Holzinger Angelika , Conroy Michele , Laffir Fathima , Kumar Amit , Bangert Ursel , McGourty Kieran , Scanlon Micheál D.
Published: November 2021

The versatility of conducting polymers (CPs) facilitates their use in energy conversion and storage, sensor, and biomedical technologies, once processed into thin films. Hydrophobic CPs, like poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT), typically require the use of surfactant additives, such as poly(styrenesulfonate) (PSS), to aid their aqueous processability as thin films. However, excess PSS diminishes CP electrochemical performance, biocompatibility, and device stability. Here, we report the electrosynthesis of PEDOT thin films at a polarised liquid|liquid interface, a method non-reliant on conductive solid substrates that produces free-standing, additive-free, biocompatible, easily transferrable, and scalable 2D PEDOT thin films of any shape or size in a single-step at ambient conditions. We demonstrate the PEDOT thin film’s superior biocompatibility as scaffolds for cellular growth, opening immediate applications in organic electrochemical transistor (OECT) devices for monitoring cell behaviour over extended time periods, bio-scaffolds and medical devices, without the requirement for physiologically unstable and poorly biocompatible PSS.
Intracellular Delivery of Virus-Like Particles Using a Sheddable Linker
Authors: Shahrivarkevishahi Arezoo , Hagge Laurel , Chen Zhuo , Brohlin Olivia , Tumac Alisia , Castro Fabian , Adlooru Abhinay , Lee Hamilton , Firouzi HamidReza , Ponnam Sindhu , Gassensmith Jeremiah
Published: November 2021

Intracellular targeting is an important aspect of the efficient delivery of drugs and nanotherapeutics. Cytosolic transport of nanomaterials is often an essential requirement for therapeutic delivery into cells but remains a challenge owing to the endosomal trap and eventual lysosomal degradation of cargo. To address this, we designed a functional carrier that escapes the endosome and delivers biological materials into the cell's cytoplasm. For this purpose, we synthesized a glutathione-sensitive linker that connects the well-known mitochondria targeting lipophilic triphenylphosphonium cation (TPP) to the surface of a proteinaceous nanoparticle based on the engineered virus-like particle (VLP) Qβ. Once in the cytosol, the thiol sensitive linker severs the TPP from the nanoparticle, halting its trafficking to the mitochondria, and marooning it in the cytosol. We demonstrate the successful in vitro cytosolic delivery of a VLP loaded with Green Fluorescent Protein, where evenly distributed fluorescence is observed in A549 lung cancer cells after four hours. We further demonstrate successful cytosolic delivery by showing that encapsulating siRNA inside the VLP promotes luminescence silencing in luciferase expressing HeLa cells more efficiently than VLPs that lack our sheddable TPP linker.
Substrate multiplexed protein engineering facilitates promiscuous biocatalytic synthesis
Authors: McDonald Allwin , Higgins Peyton , Buller Andrew
Published: November 2021

Enzymes with high activity are readily produced through protein engineering, but intentionally and efficiently engineering enzymes for an expanded scope is a contemporary challenge. Measuring reaction outcomes on mixtures of substrates, called here SUbstrate Multiplexed Screening (SUMS), has long been used to rigorously quantitate enzyme specificity. Despite the potential utility of SUMS to guide engineering of promiscuous enzymes, this approach has not found widespread adoption in biocatalysis. Here, we develop principles of how to design robust SUMS methods that, rather than assess absolute specificity, use heuristic readouts of substrate promiscuity to identify hits for further investigation. This rich information enables engineering of activity for multiple substrates simultaneously and identifies enzyme variants with altered promiscuity, even when overall activity is lower. We demonstrate the effectiveness of SUMS by engineering two enzymes to produce pharmacologically active tryptamines from simple indole precursors in a biocatalytic cascade. These advances leverage common laboratory equipment and represent a highly accessible and customizable method for enzyme engineering.
La Segunda Internacional y el imperialismo. Una comparación entre la socialdemocracia alemana y francesa (1896- 1914)
Authors: Quiroga Manuel
Published: November 2021

La Segunda Internacional marcó una etapa en la historia del movimiento obrero caracterizada por la formación de partidos de masas, el crecimiento de los sindicatos, el desarrollo de numerosas organizaciones sociales y la constitución de un ámbito internacional de circulación de ideas. En este trabajo investigamos comparativamente los debates sobre el imperialismo de dos de sus partidos más importantes, la socialdemocracia alemana (SPD) y francesa (SFIO). Indagamos en su análisis de la expansión colonial europea, de las causas del imperialismo y de las perspectivas de una guerra entre las potencias. A su vez, examinamos su acción política en torno a estos temas y las posturas sobre el imperialismo de sus principales tendencias internas, ponderando su impacto en la política partidaria. Ambas organizaciones debatieron y se posicionaron frente a estas cuestiones en el marco de una agitada situación política marcada por guerras de conquista, episodios de rebelión en las colonias y varias crisis bélicas entre los Estados europeos. El desarrollo contradictorio de estos debates es un factor importante para explicar las diferentes reacciones en estos partidos frente a la Primera Guerra Mundial y la posterior escisión del socialismo internacional entre comunistas y reformistas. Manuel Quiroga es Doctor en Historia por la Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Argentina.
A Youth Perspective: Collaboration for Youth Development within Aotearoa New Zealand
Authors:   , Lavini Amy
Published: November 2021

Collaboration is an increasingly popular approach to addressing the multi-faceted needs of youth-at-risk both within academic literature and government policy in New Zealand. Due to being a relevantly new concept, there is limited evidence in the literature regarding how it is being implemented and whether implementations are successful. There is aparticular gap within the literature regarding the experiences of frontline workers and youth themselves. As youth are the key benefactors of youth services it seems important to understand whether and how they perceive the collaborative approach to be working to assist them in their development. To determine this, the following study explores the experiences of nine youth in New Zealand regarding collaborative processes used by services they have been privy to over recent years. Youth participants came from across New Zealand and altogether have experienced a range of youth interventions, from alternative education to Family Group Conferences, aimed at addressing anti-social and criminal behaviours. Taking a phenomenological approach, the study is carried out using concepts from the framework of Appreciative Inquiry (AI). The use of AI ensured the study was strengths focussed and allowed youth to become active agents rather than subjects of enquiry. Furthermore, it has allowed a positive paradigm for discussing ways to ensure that youth services are better focussed on youth's needs, feelings and understandings. Along with the findings regarding collaboration a common theme arose when youth were invited to share their stories which highlighted further areas for discussion when addressing successful service outcomes. That is, the importance of relationship building.
Preparing for Social Action: A Case Study from Zambia on the Relationship Between Religious Knowledge and Development
Authors:   , Skeaff Laura
Published: November 2021

This study is based on two premises: the centrality of knowledge to processes of development and the centrality of spirituality and religion to the lives of the majority of the world’s population. It is through the generation and application of knowledge that communities and societies progress, and for many this change involves “a dynamic coherence between the spiritual and the material” (Tyndale, 2003, p. 23). Religion can be regarded as a system of knowledge, based upon the sacred texts that lie at the heart of the world’s major religions, addressing aspects of spiritual reality. Historically, religious knowledge in development has been marginalised or discredited; secularism has been identified as the normative, rational position. This position has increasingly been challenged over the last decade, which has witnessed a ‘global resurgence in religion’ (Berger, 1999). A growing number of voices are calling for serious engagement with religion in development. This research sets out to explore some of the questions raised in an emerging discourse between religion and development by engaging with religion as a system of knowledge that informs development theory and practice. The work focuses on a Bahá’í-inspired organisation in Zambia as a case study. Inshindo Foundation offers an education for development programme, Preparation for Social Action, that emphasizes harmony between the material and spiritual in processes of development. Over a ten-week period in 2010, I used qualitative methods to investigate the conceptions and experiences of PSA students and tutors in relation to their participation in the programme. The findings highlight the potential role of religious knowledge and spiritual values to inform and motivate individual action for change and sustain commitment and effort to achieve collective goals. This makes an important contribution to understandings of how to promote participatory development. At the level of theory, the findings draw attention to a vision of development based on spiritual values and principles that is fundamentally different from mainstream conceptions.
How 'Social' Are New Zealand Public Libraries?: An Evaluation of the Use of Social Media for Relationship Marketing
Authors:   , Henjyoji Diane
Published: November 2021

Introduction: The use of social media by businesses to communicate with their customers and to encourage repeat business is growing. Are New Zealand public libraries strategically employing social media in order to develop relationships with their users for the purpose of marketing the library? Aim: To determine which New Zealand public libraries are using social media. Also to determine the extent to which some New Zealand public libraries are optimizing their use of social media to create relationships with their users. Methods: Four public libraries in New Zealand were selected, based on their active social media presence on Facebook, Twitter and blogs. Quantitative and qualitative methods were used to examine the Facebook posts, Tweets and blog posts as well as the comments and library replies. Topsy (Topsy.com) was used to locate some of the Tweets. Information about the library users that communicated with the library using SM was obtained by examining Facebook, LinkedIn, Twitter accounts and user blogs/websites, as well as the search engine Google and the New Zealand White Pages.The use of three social media tools by four New Zealand public libraries in urban areas was examined for evidence of strategy and purpose, particularly in enhancing their relationships with their users. Results: The four New Zealand public libraries in urban centres were found to be using social media, but not always strategically. Each of the libraries applied aspects of social media optimization to use one tool more effectively than the other available tools.
Developing the Fringe Routing Protocol
Authors:   , Shepherd Deb
Published: November 2021

An ISP style network often has a particular traffic pattern not typically seen in other networks and which is a direct result of the ISP’s purpose, to connect internal clients with a high speed external link. Such a network is likely to consist of a backbone with the clients on one ‘side’ and one or more external links on the other. Most traffic on the network moves between an internal client and the external world via the backbone. But what about traffic between two clients of the ISP? Typical routing protocols will find the ‘best’ path between the two gateway routers at the edge of the client stub networks. As these routers connect the stubs to the ISP core, this route should be entirely within the ISP network. Ideally, from the ISP point of view, this traffic will go up to the backbone and down again but it is possible that it may find another route along a redundant backup path. Don Stokes of Knossos Networks has developed a protocol to sit on the client fringes of this ISP style of network. It is based on the distance vector algorithm and is intended to be subordinate to the existing interior gateway protocol running on the ISPs backbone. It manipulates the route cost calculation so that paths towards the backbone become very cheap and paths away from the backbone become expensive. This forces traffic in the preferred direction unless the backup path ‘shortcut’ is very attractive or the backbone link has disappeared. It is the analysis and development of the fringe routing protocol that forms the content of this ME thesis.
The Clarinet as Extension of the Voice and Expressive Conduit of Musical Styles in Diverse Ensembles
Authors:   , Rainey Lucy
Published: November 2021

Original research into the links between vocal and clarinet tone reveals how clarinettists act as expressive conduits of musical styles in diverse ensembles. This research is relevant to musicologists and anthropologists as well as clarinettists and composers, who wish to gain an understanding of the vocal links in clarinet playing, and how clarinettists function in socio-musical contexts. Research is mainly based on Musicology and Music Education (vocal-clarinet links), and also refers to sources in Anthropology (musical identity), and Ethnomusicology (music in ensembles) in order to find some insightful connections. Ethnographic fieldwork is based on four professional freelance clarinettists in four different ensembles in Wellington, New Zealand. Their function in western art and contemporary art music, jazz and klezmer music is explored, to discover how these clarinettists extend, mirror, partner, or replace the voice in these musical contexts. Additional work undertaken on bodymind integration is designed to complement the musical identity work in the thesis and to enhance the musicianship and physical wellbeing of clarinettists. The section on clarinet design illustrates how different combinations of instruments and mouthpieces can vary the tone quality of the clarinet and enhance individual playing styles. The research shows that due to the versatility and flexibility of the instrument, clarinettists are able to transcend gender, ethnic, and ensemble boundaries, to take on leadership roles and to act as expressive conduits of musical styles in and between diverse ensembles. The outcome of the research highlights the intersection between the physiological relationship between the voice and the clarinet and scholarship on musical identity.
"It‘s Hard to Keep Track": Mapping a Shifting Nation in Dylan Horrocks‘s Hicksville
Authors:   , Clayton Hamish
Published: November 2021

Using an art form that justifiably lays claim to both visual and literary genealogies—the graphic novel—Dylan Horrocks's Hicksville advances, rather than strictly challenges, many of the discussions which have informed the local manufacture of art and literature. My purpose in this thesis is to explore Horrocks's deployment of the critical perspectives of both art historical and literary discourse as they have developed from the pre-colonial to the twenty-first century in New Zealand, especially those associated with cultural nationalism. Hicksville claims a particular relation to the existing traditions within both art-historical and literary lines wherein they are conjoined in practice; integrated into the formal properties of Horrocks's work, the traditional concerns of local art and literature are not only subject matter but guide Horrocks‘s approach to narrative. The tension between art and place—the responsibility of the artist to the nation and its referents—appears in Hicksville as a structuring device rather than polemic via its concern with the economisation of art—or global capitalism—as it bears upon particular places and art practices. Yet Horrocks‘s handling of this theme upholds neither aestheticism nor populism. Rather, he invites the reader to make sense of extensive references to a range of artistic figures, from Heaphy to Hergé to Hotere, in a way that accounts for their equal force. Hicksville thus deliberately destabilises the joint histories of art and literary history to pointed effect, valuing its range of artistic and cultural inheritances—whether the visual or literary, the highbrow or lowbrow—for how they can remind us that contemporary artistic accounts of New Zealand must also consider the various ways the country has been constructed throughout its wider