bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Molecular epidemiology of Brucella species in mixed livestock-human ecosystems in Kenya
Authors: Akoko James M. , Pelle Roger , Lukambagire AbdulHamid S. , Machuka Eunice M. , Nthiwa Daniel , Mathew Coletha , Fèvre Eric M. , Bett Bernard , Cook Elizabeth A. J. , Othero Doreen , Bonfoh Bassirou , Kazwala Rudovick R. , Shirima Gabriel , Schelling Esther , Halliday Jo E. B. , Ouma Collins
Published: April 2021

Brucellosis, caused by several species of the genus Brucella, is a zoonotic disease that affects humans and animal species worldwide. Information on the Brucella species circulating in different hosts in Kenya is largely unknown, thus limiting the adoption of targeted control strategies. This study was conducted in multi-host livestock populations in Kenya to detect the circulating Brucella species and assess evidence of host–pathogen associations. Serum samples were collected from 228 cattle, 162 goats, 158 sheep, 49 camels, and 257 humans from Narok and Marsabit counties in Kenya. Information on age, location and history of abortion or retained placenta were obtained for sampled livestock. Data on age, gender and location of residence were also collected for human participants. All samples were tested using genus level real-time PCR assays with primers specific for IS711 and bcsp31 targets for the detection of Brucella. All genus positive samples (positive for both targets) were further tested with a speciation assay for AlkB and BMEI1162 targets, specific for B. abortus and B. melitensis, respectively. Samples with adequate quantities aggregating to 577 were also tested with the Rose Bengal Test (RBT). A total of 199 (33.3%) livestock and 99 (38.5%) human samples tested positive for genus Brucella. Animal Brucella PCR positive status was positively predicted by RBT positive results (OR = 8.3, 95% CI 4.0–17.1). Humans aged 21–40 years had higher odds (OR = 2.8, 95% CI 1.2–6.6) of being Brucella PCR positive compared to the other age categories. The data on detection of different Brucella species indicates that B. abortus was detected more often in cattle (OR = 2.3, 95% CI 1.1–4.6) and camels (OR = 2.9, 95% CI 1.3–6.3), while B. melitensis was detected more in sheep (OR = 3.6, 95% CI 2.0–6.7) and goats (OR = 1.7, 95% CI 1.0–3.1). Both B. abortus and B. melitensis DNA were detected in humans and in multiple livestock host species, suggesting cross-transmission of these species among the different hosts. The detection of these two zoonotic Brucella species in humans further underpins the importance of One Health prevention strategies that target multiple host species, especially in the multi-host livestock populations.
Myoinositol plus α-lactalbumin supplementation, insulin resistance and birth outcomes in women with gestational diabetes mellitus: a randomized, controlled study
Authors: D’Anna Rosario , Corrado Francesco , Loddo Saverio , Gullo Giuseppe , Giunta Loretta , Di Benedetto Antonino
Published: April 2021

To verify whether myo-inositol plus α-lactalbumin may reduce insulin resistance and excessive fetal growth in women with gestational diabetes mellitus. In a 12-month period, 120 women with a diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus were consecutively enrolled with an allocation of 1:1 in each group and randomly treated with myo-inositol plus α-lactalbumin plus folic acid (treated group) or folic acid (control group) for 2 months. Primary outcome was the variation of insulin resistance through the study evaluated by HOMA-IR. Secondary outcome was the evaluation, through the study, of fetal growth by ultrasound measurements of abdominal circumference centiles and estimated fat thickness. Some clinical outcomes were also considered. After 2 months, in the treated group, a significant reduction in insulin resistance (HOMA values 3.1 ± 1.4 vs 6.1 ± 3.4, p = 0.0002) and fetal growth was shown (Abdominal circumference centiles 54.9 ± 23.5 vs 67.5 ± 22.6, P = 0.006). Among clinical outcomes, a significant decrease in the rate of women who needed insulin (6.7% vs 20.3%, p = 0.03) and of pre-term birth (0 vs 15.2%, p = 0.007) was evidenced. A combination of myo-inositol and α-lactalbumin may reduce insulin resistance and excessive fetal growth.

Clinical trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, http://www.clinicaltrials.gov, NCT 03763669, first posted date 04/12/2018; last posted date December 06/12/2018.
Comprehensive coverage of human last meal components revealed by a forensic DNA metabarcoding approach
Authors: Schneider Judith , Mas-Carrió Eduard , Jan Catherine , Miquel Christian , Taberlet Pierre , Michaud Katarzyna , Fumagalli Luca
Published: April 2021

Stomach content analyses are a valuable tool in human forensic science to interpret perimortem events. While the identification of food components of plant and animal origin has traditionally been conducted by macro- and microscopical approaches in case of incomplete digestion, molecular methods provide the potential to increase sensitivity and taxonomic resolution. In particular, DNA metabarcoding (PCR-amplification and next generation sequencing of complex DNA mixtures) has seen a rapid growth in the field of wildlife ecology to assess species’ diets from faecal and gastric samples. Despite clear advantages, molecular approaches have not yet been established in routine human forensics to investigate the last meal components of deceased persons. In this pilot study we applied for the first time a DNA metabarcoding approach to assess both plant and vertebrate components of 48 human stomach content samples taken during medicolegal autopsies. We obtained a final dataset with 34 vertebrate and 124 vegetal unique sequences, that were clustered to 9 and 33 operational taxonomic units (OTUs), respectively. Our results suggest that this approach can provide crucial information about circumstances preceding death, and open promising perspectives for biomedical dietary surveys based on digested food items found in the gastrointestinal tract.
Author Correction: Effects of multi-domain cognitive training on working memory retrieval in older adults: behavioral and ERP evidence from a Chinese community study
Authors: Hong Xiangfei , Chen You , Wang Jijun , Shen Yuan , Li Qingwei , Zhao Binglei , Guo Xiaoli , Feng Wei , Wu Wenyuan , Li Chunbo
Published: April 2021

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Promotion mechanism for the growth of CO2 hydrate with urea using molecular dynamics simulations
Authors: Wang Po-Wei , Wu David T. , Lin Shiang-Tai
Published: April 2021

Urea acts as a catalyst at the interface for the growth of CO2 hydrates.
An enzyme nanopocket based on covalent organic frameworks for long-term starvation therapy and enhanced photodynamic therapy of cancer
Authors: Wan Xiuyan , Zhang Huiwen , Pan Wei , Li Na , Tang Bo
Published: April 2021

An enzyme nanopocket based on covalent organic frameworks was developed for long-term starvation therapy and enhanced photodynamic therapy of cancer.
The challenges, achievements and applications of submersible superhydrophobic materials
Authors: Mehanna Yasmin A. , Sadler Emma , Upton Rebekah L. , Kempchinsky Andrew G. , Lu Yao , Crick Colin R.
Published: April 2021

Addressing the unique challenges faced in designing submersible superhydrophobic materials, framing current research, and exploring future research direction.
Sustainable bio-succinic acid production: superstructure optimization, techno-economic, and lifecycle assessment
Authors: Dickson Rofice , Mancini Enrico , Garg Nipun , Woodley John M. , Gernaey Krist V. , Pinelo Manuel , Liu Jay , Mansouri Seyed Soheil
Published: April 2021

A multi-criteria strategy to identify sustainable bio-succinic acid production processes on a commercial scale.
Fe-mediated synthesis of N-aryl amides from nitroarenes and acyl chlorides
Authors: Wu Yundong , Guo Lei , Liu Yuxuan , Xiang Jiannan , Jiang Jun
Published: April 2021

Amides are prevalent in nature and valuable functional compounds in agrochemical, pharmaceutical, and materials industries.
Gamma radiation-induced defects in KCl, MgCl2, and ZnCl2 salts at room temperature
Authors: Ramos-Ballesteros Alejandro , Gakhar Ruchi , Horne Gregory P. , Iwamatsu Kazuhiro , Wishart James F. , Pimblott Simon M. , LaVerne Jay A.
Published: April 2021

Room temperature post-irradiation measurements of diffuse reflectance and EPR spectroscopies were made to characterize the long-lived radiation-induced species formed upon gamma irradiation (up to 100 kGy) of solid KCl, MgCl2, and ZnCl2 salts.
Hydrogen-induced tunable electronic and optical properties of a two-dimensional penta-Pt2N4 monolayer
Authors: Kumar Vipin , Dey Aditya , Thomas Siby , Asle Zaeem Mohsen , Roy Debesh R.
Published: April 2021

Most of the known two-dimensional materials lack a suitable wide-bandgap, and hydrogenation can be effectively utilized to tune the bandgap of some 2D materials.
Computational exploration of heterometal substitution into the decaniobate framework, [Nb10O28]6−
Authors: Ohlin C. André
Published: April 2021

The relative energetics of isomers of [MzNb9O28]11−z− is investigated computationally; new synthetic targets are identified, thermodynamic control is discussed, and prediction of spin state is investigated.
Coordination capacity of Keggin anions as polytopic ligands: case study of [VNb12O40]15−
Authors: Mukhacheva Anna A. , Volcheck Victoria V. , Sheven Dmitry G. , Yanshole Vadim V. , Kompankov Nikolay B. , Haouas Mohamed , Abramov Pavel A. , Sokolov Maxim N.
Published: April 2021

[VNb12O40]15− polytopic ligand can coordinate to up to five {(C6H6)Ru}2+ groups. Combined analytical separation tools together with 1H DOSY NMR were firstly applied to the solution studies of polyoxoniobate based complexes.
Accelerating organic solar cell material's discovery: high-throughput screening and big data
Authors: Rodríguez-Martínez Xabier , Pascual-San-José Enrique , Campoy-Quiles Mariano
Published: April 2021

This review article presents the state-of-the-art in high-throughput computational and experimental screening routines with application in organic solar cells, including materials discovery, device optimization and machine-learning algorithms.
Inkjet-printed paper-based electrochemical sensor with gold nano-ink for detection of glucose in blood serum
Authors: Kant Tushar , Shrivas Kamlesh , Tapadia Kavita , Devi Rama , Ganesan Vellaichamy , Deb Manas Kanti
Published: April 2021

An inkjet-printed paper electrode with gold nanoparticle-ink as a non-enzymatic electrochemical sensor for detection of glucose in blood serum is reported.
Flow injection amperometric sensing of hydroxylamine at a Cu(ii)–neocuproine-functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotube/screen printed carbon electrode
Authors: Ayaz Selen , Dilgin Yusuf , Apak Reşat
Published: April 2021

In the electrocatalytic oxidation mechanism of NH2OH at modified electrode, firstly NH2OH reacted with [Cu(Ncp)2]2+and oxidized to N2O. The formed [Cu(Ncp)2]+was reoxidized by giving electrons to electrode resulting in enhancement of anodic current.
Prussian blue-doped PAMAM dendrimer nanospheres for electrochemical immunoassay of human plasma cardiac troponin I without enzymatic amplification
Authors: Ma Fangfang , Ge Gaoshun , Fang Yizhen , Ni Erru , Su Yuanyuan , Cai Fan , Xie Huabin
Published: April 2021

Rapid and accurate identification of cardiac troponin I (cTnl) in biological fluids is very essential for judging acute myocardial infarction (AMI).
Piperazine based antimicrobial polymers: a review
Authors: Jalageri Manohara Dhulappa , Nagaraja Akshatha , Puttaiahgowda Yashoda Malgar
Published: April 2021

Mode of action of piperazine based polymers against pathogenic microorganisms.
High catalytic performance of Al–Pd–(Ru, Fe) icosahedral approximants for acetylene semi-hydrogenation
Authors: Abe Keishi , Tsukuda Ryota , Fujita Nobuhisa , Kameoka Satoshi
Published: April 2021

The Al–Pd–(Ru, Fe) icosahedral approximants exhibited high catalytic ethylene selectivity and stability for semi-hydrogenation of acetylene.
Direct observation and assessment of phase states of ambient and lab-generated sub-micron particles upon humidification
Authors: Cheng Zezhen , Sharma Noopur , Tseng Kuo-Pin , Kovarik Libor , China Swarup
Published: April 2021

We present a new analytical platform that uses a tilted and Peltier cooling stage interfaced with an environmental scanning electron microscope to directly observe and assess the phase state of individual particles as a function of relative humidity.
Expression of hormone receptors predicts survival and platinum sensitivity of high-grade serous ovarian cancer
Authors: Tan Jiahong , Song Chunyan , Wang Daoqi , Hu Yigang , Liu Dan , Ma Ding , Gao Qinglei
Published: April 2021

High-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) has abundant expression of hormone receptors, including androgen receptor (AR), estrogen receptor α (ER), and progesterone receptor (PR). The effects of hormone receptors on prognosis of HGSOC were first evaluated in online databases. Their prognostic values were then explored and validated in our inhouse TJ-cohort (92 HGSOC patients) and in a validation cohort (33 HGSOC patients), wherein hormone receptors were detected immunohistochemically. High expression of hormone receptors denoted longer progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and platinum-free interval (PFI). Platinum-sensitive patients had higher expression of hormone receptors than their counterparts. Correlation analysis revealed significant positive correlations between hormone receptors expression and survival. AR, ER, and PR had predictive and prognostic values, alone and in combination. By receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis, co-expression of AR, ER, and PR had an improved predictive performance with an area under the curve (AUC) value of 0.945. Expression of hormone receptors predicts survival and platinum sensitivity of HGSOC. AR, ER, and PR might be feasible prognostic biomarkers for HGSOC by immunohistochemical analysis.
A control structure for ambidextrous robot arm based on Multiple Adaptive Neuro‐Fuzzy Inference System
Authors: Mukhtar Mashood , Khudher Dhayaa , Kalganova Tatiana
Published: April 2021

This paper presents the novel design of an ambidextrous robot arm that offers double range of motion as compared to dexterous arms. The arm is unique in terms of design (ambidextrous feature), actuation (use of two different actuators simultaneously: Pneumatic Artificial Muscle (PAM) and Electric Motors)) and control (combined use of Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) with Neural Network (NN) and Multiple Adaptive Neuro‐fuzzy Inference System (MANFIS) controller with selector block). In terms of ambidextrous robot arm control, a solution based on forward kinematic and inverse kinematic approach is presented, and results are verified using the derived equation in MATLAB. Since solving inverse kinematics analytically is difficult, Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference system (ANFIS) is developed using ANFIS MATLAB toolbox. When generic ANFIS failed to produce satisfactory results due to ambidextrous feature of the arm, MANFIS with a selector block is proposed. The efficiency of the ambidextrous arm has been tested by comparing its performance with a conventional robot arm. The results obtained from experiments proved the efficiency of the ambidextrous arm when compared with conventional arm in terms of power consumption and stability.
Multi‐scale audio super resolution via deep pyramid wavelet convolutional neural network
Authors: Si Binqiang , Luo Dongqi , Zhu Jihong
Published: April 2021

In this letter, a pyramid wavelet convolutional neural network for audio super resolution is presented. Since the audio signal is non‐stationary, previous convolutional neural network based approaches may fail in capturing the details, these method usually focus on the global approximation error and thus produce over smooth results. To cope with this issue, it is suggested to predict the wavelet coefficients of the audio signal, and reconstruct the signal from these coefficients stage by stage rather. The prediction errors of the wavelet coefficients are included to the loss function to force the model to capture the detail components. Experimental results show that the approach, training on the VCTK public dataset, achieves more appealing results than state‐of‐the‐art methods.
Adaptive fault recovery strategy of LCC‐MMC based hybrid HVDC
Authors: Sayed Tassawar Hussain Kazmi , Song Guobing , Wang Ting , Hou Junjie , Masood Bilal
Published: April 2021

Hybrid HVDC consisting of line commutated converter (LCC) on rectifier side and modular multilevel converter (MMC) on inverter side is the favourable future trend of HVDC projects utilising the advantages of both converter technologies. However, fault clearing and adaptive restart capabilities of such hybrid HVDC are not much investigated in the literature. In this paper fault clearing of hybrid HVDC transmission line is investigated using mechanical DC breaker at MMC terminal and forced firing angle retardation at LCC terminal. Then, the characteristics of the line voltages are analysed during the fault blocking states of converters to clear the transient fault. Characteristics of the line voltages of LLC rectifier have shown prominent difference under permanent and temporary fault states, and also dependent on the severity of fault. Therefore, based on line voltage characteristics, a restart strategy is proposed for hybrid HVDC which is adaptive to the fault characteristics. Several PSCAD/EMTDC based simulation studies are conducted to validate the proposed fault recovery strategy. Simulation results validate the effectiveness of the proposed strategy for hybrid HVDC under DC line faults.
A discrete optimal control model for the distributed energy system considering multiple disturbance inputs
Authors: Huang Dawen , Zhou Dengji , Hao Jiarui , Jia Xingyun , Huang Di , Zhang Chenyu , Li Taotao , Yan Siyun , Wang Chen
Published: April 2021

Distributed energy systems with the characteristics of flexible scheduling, high reliability, and high efficiency have been widely studied because it can absorb abundant renewable energy and solve long‐distance energy transmission loss. Wind power, photovoltaic power, and user load power have obvious intermittently and volatility, which brings difficulties to the dispatching and control of distributed energy systems. This work focuses on the optimal control problem of a distributed energy system considering multiple disturbance inputs. A discrete system model suitable for developing optimal control is established and solved by minimizing performance function in the process of iterating disturbance inputs and its function vector. Based on the optimal control results, a method for stabilizing the output power is designed to consider operating cost and loss. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by different disturbance inputs and compared with the classical optimization algorithm. The results indicate that the optimal control model can effectively suppress disturbance influences and obtain a fast and satisfactory control effect. The output stabilization method can save operating costs and reduce equipment loss. Compared with the optimization algorithm, the proposed method is more stable and reliable. This work provides a new insight into multi‐disturbance suppression of the distributed energy systems.
Hydrogen abundance estimation model and application to (162173) Ryugu
Authors: Praet A. , Barucci M. A. , Hasselmann P. H. , Kitazato K. , Iwata T. , Matsuoka M. , Domingue D. , Clark B. E.
Published: April 2021

Context.The JAXA asteroid sample return mission Hayabusa2 acquired a huge quantity of data from the asteroid (162173) Ryugu during its 1.5 years in asteroid proximity orbit. On December 5, 2020 (Japan time), Hayabusa brought back to Earth a 5.4 g sample from Ryugu’s surface.

Aims.We analyzed the near-infrared spectra of Ryugu, in particular the band at 2.72 μm, with the aim to investigate the hydrogen content of the H2O and OH−groups in hydrated phyllosilicates on Ryugu’s surface.

Aims.We applied two different methods, normalized optical path length (NOPL) and effective single-particle absorption thickness (ESPAT), to the 3 μm region absorption band, and we compared the obtained spectral parameters with those obtained from carbonaceous chondrite meteorites whose H content was determined in the laboratory.

Methods.We derived an exponential correlation between the selected meteorite H content and its respective ESPAT and NOPL parameters. The average value of the H content obtained on Ryugu’s surface with its relative variations, combining the results obtained with the two methods, is 0.52−0.21+0.16wt.%. These methods can be applied to other asteroids that exhibit a 3 μm region absorption band to estimate the mean average of H content.

Results.The results of the ESPAT and NOPL methods used on the Ryugu spectral data present small variations across Ryugu’s surface and do not show any evident relation with the surface geomorphological structures. Our estimation of the global average H content of Ryugu is in agreement with those of several aqueously altered carbonaceous chondrites measured in the laboratory and is most similar to the H content of heated CM. The study of phyllosilicate H2O and OH−group hydrogen content on Ryugu and the derived method may be applied to other observed primitive asteroids. The obtained results will allow Solar System evolution models to be constrained and will allow the formation and evolution of the Solar System to be better understood.
A comparative experimental study on advance geological prediction between TETSP and TSP303
Authors: Liu Yue , Li Jun-jie
Published: April 2021

We introduce a new tunnel long distance prediction seismic reflection imaging system called TETSP. We use TETSP and the latest generation TSP303 to advance geological comparison detection in Zhangcun tunnel in Thousand Island Lake-Hangzhou water transfer project. Firstly, we introduce the layout of TETSP observation system and data processing flow. Secondly, we expound the differences between TETSP and TSP303 in aspect of geophone coupling and acoustic interference suppression. Lastly, we analyze the characteristics of reflection anomalies in the karst cave zone of the rock mass. The actual tunnel excavation results verify the reliability of the TSP303 and TETSP prediction. Several conclusions are drawn as follow. Firstly, two kinds of seismic reflection technology both can detect whose wave impedance interface exist significant difference in front of tunnel face, but the TSP303 is more accurate. Secondly, the poor integrity of the rock mass is corresponding to the low velocity of P-wave and S-wave.
Research on Optical Fiber Sensor for Environmental Temperature and Humidity of Transmission Line
Authors: Zhang Jie , Xie Yan , Zhang Zehua , Lv Le , Tan Zhencheng
Published: April 2021

The operation environment of the transmission line directly affects the operation safety of the transmission line. This article studied a FBG temperature and humidity sensor based on optical fiber sensing technology for transmission lines. Firstly, this paper studies the packaging method of the sensor, then designs the corresponding installation fixture, and gives its installation diagram. Finally, the performance of the FBG is tested in the experimental box and the national optoelectronic information product quality supervision and inspection center, and the test results show that the performance of the FBG temperature and humidity sensor is better.
Research of Motor Soft Start by High Voltage Motor Drive Inverter
Authors: Fang Jing , Zeng Le , Li Qianqian
Published: April 2021

The over-current phenomenon of direct starting of high voltage and high power motor is serious bad for the safety of motor. We are usually using motor soft start method when we need to start a motor. There are some motor soft start methods, they can somehow reduce the starting over-current, but they are still having some defects except motor drive inverter. Motor drive inverter can not only realize the purpose of energy saving, but also is an ideal soft start device. We can see a lot of papers about control method research of motor drive inverter, but no paper research on motor soft start by motor drive inverter [1]. This paper focuses on research of motor soft start by motor drive inverter. The optimal frequency range of soft start is obtained through theoretical analysis. The simulation results verify the correctness and feasibility of the theoretical analysis.
An Ice Core Slice Scanning Tool based on Line-scan Camera
Authors: Jiang Xiao , Yang Qi , Shi Jianguang , Liu Jingbiao , Yu Haibin , An Chunlei
Published: April 2021

The ice core from polar ice sheet is one of the most valuable archives of past climate and environment. The ice core visual stratigraphy, based on optical scanning analysis, provides the most intuitive information of the micro-particles and/or air bubbles in the ice. At present, only few labs can perform high quality visual stratigraphy analysis in the world. Here, we develop an ice core slice scanning tool based on line-scan camera. The machine uses the high-resolution characteristics of the line-scan camera to complete high-resolution imaging of the ice core slices through linkage with the linear light sources. A motor drive and control system is developed to complete the uniform scanning control of the line-scan camera and light sources. A special control program and human-computer interaction interface are developed to realize the parameter setting, motor control and imaging result display. The test results show that the proposed ice core slice scanning tool meets the design requirements and its imaging results are significantly better than area-scan cameras under the same conditions.
Design of nuclear radiation detector for stack exhaust of plasma melting system
Authors: Lei Qingxin , Shan Chenyu , Liu Chunyu , Liu Xiajie , Xie Wenzhang
Published: April 2021

The Plasma melting technology can reduce the low and medium level radioactive waste to a minimum. The emission of high-temperature radioactive aerosol generated in the process of treatment needs to be monitored. After treatment with a high efficiency filter and meeting national standards for gaseous effluents, it will be allowed to be discharged into the atmosphere. In order to achieve stable and reliable radiation monitoring, through the research on the radionuclide analysis of stack exhaust and the design of detector selection, the combined design of plastic scintillator & NaI scintillator is adopted. At the same time, the real-time and reliable monitoring of radioactive aerosols in stack gases under high temperature environment is also solved.
Preparation of a novel V2C mxene/g-C3N4 and its performance in plasma catalytic denitrification
Authors: Hu Haoxuan , Zhao Ran , Fan Xianwei , Liu Junyi , Nie Yahui , Wang Dong
Published: April 2021

In this work, the g-C3N4/V2C MXene composite catalyst was prepared by solvothermal method, and its denitration performance under synergistic plasma (NTP) was investigated. The results showed that when the mass ratio of V2C is 3%, the denitration performance of V-CN-3-NTP is as high as 83.3%, which is 1.2 and 2.1 times that of the V2C-NTP and g-C3N4-NTP systems alone. The apparent morphology, phase structure, and catalytic mechanism of the catalyst were studied by SEM, TEM, XRD, FTIR, XPS, etc. The results showed that g-C3N4 grows well on V2C mxene. V2C is not only an electron acceptor but also an active site for NO adsorption. The electrons and holes generated by V2C could be effectively separated by the high-voltage electric field, which improves the denitration performance and shows a good synergistic effect.
Analysis of Block Orders and Its Implications for Market Participation Mode of Battery Energy Storage Stations
Authors: Wang Liangyuan , Lin Shuyuan , Xuan Zongheng , Ye Wensheng , Lin Shuofan , Yang Shuohui
Published: April 2021

Flexible block orders designed by European electricity market is a relatively perfect time-sharing electricity price and clearing mechanism. It allows members to provide bidding form of diversification and individuation according to their own characteristics. This mechanism has features of flexibility, compatibility and expansibility, and can reasonably express the trading demands of various types of market participants, which including energy storage. Therefore, it can be used to solve the problem of market participation model of energy storage. Considering the actual situation in China, block orders are suitable for the daily, weekly and monthly markets to help battery energy storage stations. So that they can obtain low-price electric energy by participating in the medium and long-term electricity market and promote the development of them.
The inspection and strength checking of old circular prestressed reinforced concrete pole
Authors: Hu Yujing , Cao Xianhui , Xie Yi , Feng Chao , Wang Sida , Zhang Wei
Published: April 2021

The capacity expansion of the old transmission lines will lead to an increase in the load level of exsiting prestressed reinforced concrete pole. In this work, the structural parameters of old pole were detected by X-ray imaging technology. The force conditions of the modified concrete pole under the design conditions and actual service conditions were analyzed by Midas/civil. And combined with the calculation of bearing capacity of the circular prestressed reinforced concrete section, the strength checking was conducted. The results showed that X-ray imaging technology can be used to detect the number of steel bars in pole. In addition, the reforming scheme that existing prestressed reinforced concrete poles were used and original LGJ70/10 conductors were replaced with LGJ95/15, still possess considerable safety factor under the actual maximum load conditions.
Design Scheme of Block Smart Energy Internet System
Authors: Guicun Li , Dejin Li
Published: April 2021

Traditional energy consumption is continuously decreasing, and new energy demand industries are continuously increasing. Full consumption of clean and renewable energy and efficient utilization of comprehensive energy will become the development trend of energy industry. The smart energy Internet based on the physical structure of the energy Internet is sweeping the world. Using smart and green to fundamentally change the existing energy structure and to adjust the structure dominated by fossil energy to a new energy structure dominated by renewable energy is of far-reaching significance to China’s energy transformation and upgrading in the future. This paper aims at the design idea of smart energy Internet rack for the newly-built ChengBi campus in Baise University, combines peak-valley electricity price and photovoltaic hydrogen production technology to stabilize the fluctuation of renewable energy output, and realizes the safe and stable operation of a comprehensive energy system of distributed photovoltaic power stations. A campus smart energy Internet system is formed by “wind power + photovoltaic + energy storage + charging pile + photovoltaic hydrogen production”.
Theoretical calculation for the phonon spectrum and thermodynamic functions of vanadium and its hydride
Authors: Wei-rong Qiang , Xiao-mei Wang , Wei-qi Liu
Published: April 2021

Based on density functional theory(DFT), using virtual crystal approximation and generalized gradient approximation(GGA)with pseudopotential method, the lattices and energies for five crystallines of vanadium hydrides are optimized and calculated. The phonon densities of states are calculated based on density functional perturbation theory(DFPT). The standard Heat capacities, Entropies, Helmholtz free energies and Gibbs functions of vanadium and its hydride are deduced at 298.15K. The calculated results are discussed and compared with experimental data.
Study on the model of domestic sewage resource utilization
Authors: Qu Zhuangzhuang , Wang Yangjing
Published: April 2021

In recent years, with the degree of urban-rural integration, the economic level of rural areas and the improvement of residents’ health awareness, the water quality pollution of rural domestic sewage has increased year by year, and the problem of rural sewage discharge has become increasingly prominent. In order to improve the rural water environment and solve the problem of random discharge of sewage, this paper takes the rural domestic sewage as the research object, and takes the natural sedimentation and anaerobic fermentation as the main means to study the on-site resource utilization technology of sewage. It was found that after 3 hours of sewage sedimentation, organic suspended solids settled naturally, resulting in a significant decrease of COD in the upper sewage to 93.29 mg/L. Because of the special bimolecular structure of LAS, the concentration of LAS in surface sewage increased sharply to 7.68mg/L, but it was lower than 10mg/L, which met the irrigation water standard.
Research Progress on Peony under High Temperature Stress Caused by Climate Warming
Authors: Zhao Bingxue , Huang Qingjun
Published: April 2021

Global warming and worsening environmental problems have worsened the heat resistance of peony and difficult maintenance and management. The high temperature stress caused by the environment has become an important environmental factor for the growth and development of peony. The article summarizes the morphology, yield, physiological and biochemical indicators and research status of peony under high temperature stress; summarizes the research status of peony heat tolerance evaluation index screening, germplasm heat tolerance evaluation and heat-resistant peony breeding, in order to promote tolerance Selection and breeding process of hot peony germplasm resources. At present, related researches on peony mainly focus on pharmacological effects and germplasm resources. The physiological mechanism of high temperature and breeding of heat-resistant varieties of peony are relatively lagging behind. In-depth study of the physiological mechanism of high temperature in peony combined with multi-omics will help to adopt technical measures to improve the heat tolerance of high plants and reduce heat damage, so as to speed up the selection and breeding of heat-resistant peony germplasm, and meet the survival and medicine of peony in harsh environments. Use and other needs.
Research and Design of Warehouse Environment and Personal Radiation Monitoring Experiment System
Authors: Biao Li , Fei Wu , Ming Guo , huang Huang , Gui Huang , Zijian Xu
Published: April 2021

With reference to the technical standards of radiation monitoring professionals in the “National Post and Occupational Skills Appraisal and Evaluation System”, the idea of simulation system development and integration is adopted to build a warehouse environment and personal radiation monitoring experiment system for principle teaching and installation operations. Through the establishment of experiments such as environmental radiation dose measurement, surface pollution measurement and removal, personal dose measurement and alarm, radiation protection and emergency treatment, the students’ theoretical knowledge has been consolidated and practical ability has been improved.
Crush cytology: an expeditious diagnostic tool for gastrointestinal tract malignancy
Authors: Desai Pankaj , Kabrawala Mayank , Patel Chintan , Arora Priya , Mehta Rajiv , Nandwani Subhash , Kalra Parika , Prajapati Ritesh , Patel Nisharg , Parekh Krishna
Published: April 2021

Background and study aims Crush cytology is a simple and rapid method used for diagnosis of central nervous system lesions. We have evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of crush cytology for gastrointestinal tract lesions.

Patients and methods This was a prospective, cross-sectional, single center study, conducted on the patients who had suspected malignant lesions between August 2018 and March 2020. The crush cytologic diagnoses were correlated with histology to determine the diagnostic accuracy.

Results During the period of interest, a total of 451 patients (26.4 % esophagus & GE junction, 16.6 % stomach, 5.9 % ampulla & duodenum, and 50.9 % colorectal) had a suspected malignant lesion on endoscopic examination. Histology confirmed 92.9 % cases as malignant lesions and 7.1 % as nonmalignant. On crush cytology, 84.5 % were positive for malignancy, 8.9 % were negative for malignancy and 6.6 % were reported as suspicious for malignancy. The overall sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and diagnostic accuracy of crush cytology were 97.3 %, 90 %, 99.2 %, 72.5 % and 96.9 %, respectively.

Conclusions Crush cytology is a highly sensitive, specific, rapid and cost effective technique to diagnose gastrointestinal malignancies in endoscopically suspected malignant lesions. However, it cannot entirely substitute histopathological examination for definite tumor typing, grading, confirming invasion and in cases in which cytology is suspicious. Crush cytology is an added asset to the histology to maximize diagnostic accuracy and accelerating decision making for the management of lesions.
Cardiac Autonomic Modulation of Heart Rate Recovery in Children with Spina Bifida
Authors: Leonardi-Figueiredo Marisa Maia , de Queiroz Davoli Gabriela Barroso , Avi Amanda Evangelista , Crescêncio Julio Cesar , Moura-Tonello Silvia Cristina , Manso Paulo Henrique , Júnior Lourenço Gallo , Martinez Edson Zangiacomi , Catai Aparecida Maria , Mattiello-Sverzut Ana Claudia
Published: April 2021

We aimed to analyse cardiac autonomic control by assessing the post-exercise heart rate recovery (HRR) and physical fitness in children and adolescents with spina bifida (SB), compared to participants with typical development. A total of 124 participants, 42 with spina bifida (SB group) and 82 typical developmental controls (CO group) performed the arm cranking exercise test with a gas analysis system. HRR was determined at the first (HRR_1) and second (HRR_2) minute at recovery phase. Data are shown as [mean difference (95% CI)]. The SB group showed reduced HR reserve [14.5 (7.1–22.0) bmp, P<0.01], slower HRR_1 [12.4 (7.4–17.5) bpm, P<0.01] and HRR_2 [16.3 (10.6–21.9) bpm; P<0.01], lower VO2peak [VO2peak relative: 7.3 (4.2–10.3) mL·min−1·kg−1, P<0.01; VO2peak absolute: 0.42 (0.30–0.54) L·min−1, P<0.01], and lower O2 pulse [2.5 (1.8–3.2) mL·bpm, P<0.01] and ventilatory responses [13.5 (8.8–18.1) L·min−1, P<0.01] than the CO group. VE/VO2 was not different between groups [−2.82 (−5.77– −0.12); P=0.06], but the VE/VCO2 [−2.59 (−4.40–0.78); P<0.01] and the values of the anaerobic threshold corrected by body mass [−3.2 (−5.8– −0.6) mL·min−1·kg−1, P=0.01] were higher in the SB group than in the CO group. We concluded that children and adolescents with SB have reduced physical fitness and a slower HRR response after maximal effort.
Zystoskopiegeführte Laserablation zur Korrektur ektopischer Ureterozelen bei 2 Hündinnen
Authors: Werner Melanie , Meyer-Lindenberg Andrea , Felten Sandra , Hartmann Katrin , Dorsch Roswitha
Published: April 2021

Zwei intakte Labrador-Retriever-Hündinnen (6 bzw. 3 Monate alt) wurden wegen Harninkontinenz vorgestellt. In beiden Fällen ergaben sich ultrasonografische Hinweise auf eine einseitige Ureterozele mit ektopischer Mündung. Eine definitive Diagnose wurde mittels Urethrozystoskopie durch Nachweis einer Ureteröffnung in der Urethra gestellt und durch kontrastmittelgestützte retrograde Fluoroskopie bestätigt. Die betroffene Uretermündung stellte sich bei beiden Hündinnen stenotisch dar. Die Behandlung erfolgte bei beiden Patienten durch eine zystoskopie- und fluoroskopiegestützte Laserablation des ektopischen Ureters mit einem Hol:YAG-Laser. Nach dem Einriff waren beide Hündinnen ohne medikamentöse Therapie kontinent. Die zystoskopisch geführte Laserablation zur Therapie ektopisch mündender Ureterozelen ist ein effektives und sicheres minimalinvasives Verfahren. Es stellt somit eine Alternative zur offenen chirurgischen Behandlung dar.
Dissipation-induced symmetry breaking: Emphanitic transitions in lead- and tin-containing chalcogenides and halide perovskites
Authors: Mukhuti Kingshuk , Sinha Sudip , Sinha Subhasis , Bansal Bhavtosh
Published: April 2021

Lead- and tin-based chalcogenide semiconductors like PbTe or SnSe have long been known to exhibit an unusually low thermal conductivity that makes them very attractive thermoelectric materials. An apparently unrelated fact is that the excitonic bandgap in these materials increases with temperature, whereas for most semiconductors, one observes the opposite trend. These two anomalous features are also seen in a very different class of photovoltaic materials, namely, the halide perovskites such as CsPbBr3. It has been previously proposed that emphanisis, a local symmetry-breaking phenomenon, is the one common origin of these unusual features. Discovered a decade ago, emphanisis is the name given to the observed displacement of the lead or the tin ions from their cubic symmetry ground state to a locally distorted phase at high temperature. This phenomenon has been puzzling because it is unusual for the high-temperature state to be of a lower symmetry than the degenerate ground state. Motivated by the celebrated vibration-inversion resonance of the ammonia molecule, we propose a quantum tunneling-based model for emphanisis where decoherence is responsible for the local symmetry breaking with increasing temperature. From the analytic expression of the temperature dependence of the tunnel splitting (which serves as an order parameter), we provide three-parameter fitting formulas that capture the observed temperature dependence of the ionic displacements as well as the anomalous increase in the excitonic bandgap in all the relevant materials.
Interplay of vacancies, hydrogen, and electrical compensation in irradiated and annealed n-type β-Ga2O3
Authors: Karjalainen A. , Weiser P. M. , Makkonen I. , Reinertsen V. M. , Vines L. , Tuomisto F.
Published: April 2021

Positron annihilation spectroscopy, Fourier transform-infrared absorption spectroscopy, and secondary ion mass spectrometry have been used to study the behavior of gallium vacancy-related defects and hydrogen in deuterium (D) implanted and subsequently annealed β-Ga2O3 single crystals. The data suggest the implantation generates a plethora of VGa-related species, including VGa1- and VGa2-type defects. The latter’s contribution to the positron signal was enhanced after an anneal at 300 °C, which is driven by the passivation of VGaib by hydrogen as seen from infrared measurements. Subsequent annealing near 600 °C returns the positron signal to levels similar to those in the as-received samples, which suggests that split VGa-like defects are still present in the sample. The almost complete removal of the VGaib-2D vibrational line, the appearance of new weak O-D lines in the same spectral region, and the lack of D out-diffusion from the samples suggest that the 600 °C anneal promotes the formation of either D-containing, IR-inactive complexes or defect complexes between VGaib-2D and other implantation-induced defects. The degree of electrical compensation is found to be governed by the interactions between the Ga vacancies and hydrogen.
New methodology for measuring electron density perturbations caused by plasma coherent modes using profile reflectometry: Magnitudes and radial profiles in DIII-D
Authors: Zeng L. , Crocker N. A. , Rhodes T. L. , Peebles W. A.
Published: April 2021

New capabilities of fast-sweep frequency-modulated profile reflectometry are explored to measure electron density ne perturbation magnitudes and radial profiles due to plasma coherent modes in DIII-D. The first approach is based on the frequency analysis of phase perturbations associated with high frequency (∼MHz) Alfvén eigenmodes (AEs). The measurement of ∼5.5 MHz fast-ion-driven global Alfvén eigenmodes (GAEs) is demonstrated in a neutral beam-heated DIII-D plasma. The GAE induced a broad radial distribution of phase perturbations in the profile reflectometer data. Analysis of these data determined the effective cutoff location displacement and the estimated ne fluctuation profile. In the second approach, high resolution ne profiles are used directly to determine the radial structure of ne perturbations due to a neo-classical tearing mode. These new measurements broaden the application of profile reflectometry and advance the development of AE spectroscopy as a tool for non-invasive diagnosis of fast-ion-driven modes in DIII-D and burning plasmas such as ITER.
Recognition of blade icing state based on vine-Copula model and LSTM-Autoencoder algorithm
Authors: Yang Xiyun , Ye Tianze , Fan Liwei
Published: April 2021

Blade icing of a wind turbine will affect the startup performance of the blades, resulting in the loss of power generation of the wind turbine, and even affect the safety of production and operation. In order to reflect the blade icing state of wind turbines as truthfully and objectively as possible, this paper proposes a wind turbine blade icing state recognition model based on the combination of vine-Copula network model and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM)-Autoencoder algorithm. First, the vine-Copula model is used to analyze the correlation between the various parameters in supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) system and the blade icing state, thereby constructing a high-dimensional vine-Copula structure. Then, removing the features that are not directly related to the blade icing state, the final vine-Copula model and related features are obtained. The filtered features are input into the LSTM-Autoencoder algorithm, then the “memory” function and non-linear feature extraction capabilities of the LSTM-Autoencoder algorithm are used to obtain the evaluation results of the blade icing state of wind turbines. The experimental results show that the indicators of the wind turbine blade icing state recognition based on this method are overall better than the indicators of the Recurrent Neural Network-Autoencoder algorithm without feature reduction and the LSTM-Autoencoder algorithm without feature reduction and traditional classification algorithms.
Observation of mode splitting in artificial spin ice: A comparative ferromagnetic resonance and Brillouin light scattering study
Authors: Lendinez Sergi , Taghipour Kaffash Mojtaba , Jungfleisch M. Benjamin
Published: April 2021

We report the dependence of the magnetization dynamics in a square artificial spin-ice lattice on the in-plane magnetic field angle. Using two complementary measurement techniques—broadband ferromagnetic resonance and micro-focused Brillouin light scattering spectroscopy—we systematically study the evolution of the lattice dynamics, for both a coherent radio frequency excitation and an incoherent thermal excitation of spin dynamics. We observe a splitting of modes facilitated by inter-element interactions that can be controlled by the external field angle and magnitude. Detailed time-dependent micromagnetic simulations reveal that the split modes are localized in different regions of the square network. This observation suggests that it is possible to disentangle modes with different spatial profiles by tuning the external field configuration.