bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gerenciamento de projetos de sustentabilidade
Authors: Rego Marcos Lopez , Faillace Junior José Ernesto Mattoso
Published: February 2024

As questões de sustentabilidade estão se tornado uma das categorias de projetos mais importantes, tanto no setor privado quanto na administração pública. Este ensaio teórico, ainda em desenvolvimento inicial, propõe uma nova tipologia baseada em duas dimensões que afetam a sustentabilidade e a gestão de projetos. A primeira dimensão é a divisão “pelo projeto” e “do projeto”. A primeira refere-se a como a sustentabilidade está diretamente incluída no escopo do projeto, ou seja, projetos que entregarão resultados sustentáveis. A segunda, a sustentabilidade “do” projeto significa que todos os processos seguirão procedimentos de sustentabilidade. A segunda dimensão é a dicotomia entre OBP (organizações baseadas em projetos) e OSP (organizações suportadas por projetos). Na OBP, os projetos são o principal negócio deste tipo de organizações, nas quais os lucros são consequências diretas da execução bem-sucedida dos projetos e de novos contratos. Na OSP os projetos estão relacionados a operações, produtos e serviços futuros, portanto são investimentos ou despesas. Como conclusão apresenta-se uma agenda de pesquisa abordando os aspectos relevantes, tanto na visão teórica quanto na prática, para o gerenciamento de projetos de sustentabilidade. Este ensaio teórico então apresenta uma nova contribuição para o campo de estudos em gerenciamento de projetos sustentáveis.
A influência das características de empresas familiares na gestão do escritório de projetos (PMO)
Authors: Castro João Paulo de Souza , Carvalho Rodrigo Baroni de , De Castro José Márcio
Published: February 2024

As empresas familiares possuem grande relevância econômica e social em todos os países, contribuindo significativamente para o desenvolvimento financeiro de sua população e do Produto Interno Bruto. O Brasil possui quase 20 milhões de empresas ativas, sendo que 90% dessas empresas são consideradas familiares.  Em busca de uma maior profissionalização da gestão, empresas familiares têm investido na implementação de um Project Management Office (PMO). Considerando a carência de estudos que consideram os aspectos contextuais dos PMOs das empresas familiares, este ensaio teórico tem como objetivo propor um modelo conceitual que evidencie a influência das características de uma empresa familiar na gestão de um PMO. Os procedimentos metodológicos contemplaram uma revisão temática da literatura, que é um tipo específico de revisão não-sistemática que compila os achados de múltiplos estudos qualitativos em um determinado tema, apresentando padrões. O resultado teórico deste artigo é um framework que considera a cultura organizacional, o nível de centralização da tomada de decisão, o grau de profissionalização da gestão e estrutura organizacional como elementos que podem ser facilitadores ou dificultadores para o escopo de atuação, abordagem metodológica (tradicional, ágil ou híbrida) e posicionamento do PMO em uma empresa familiar. Como contribuição para gestores de projetos, o framework evidencia quais são os principais pontos de atenção que a serem observados pelo PMO em empresas familiares, ressaltando que a relação não é polarizada e sim multifacetada, ora facilitando, ora dificultando a gestão do PMO.
Determination of chemical composition, antioxidant activity, mass spectrometry and cytotoxicity of the Aiphanes aculeata palm fruit
Authors: Beltran Laiza Bergamasco , Nunes Karine Campos , Ribeiro Anna Carla , Gomes Raquel Guttierres , Nakamura Celso Vataru , Bergamasco Rosângela , Vieira Angélica Marquetotti Salcedo
Published: February 2024

Berry-type fruits from Arecaceae palms have excellent nutritional, functional and economic characteristics. This study aimed to evaluate the pulp of the Aiphanes aculeata palm fruit through the analysis of proximate composition, physicochemical parameters, micronutrients, total phenolics, antioxidant activity and cytotoxicity. In relation to macronutrients, low levels of lipids, proteins and fibers, and high levels of carbohydrates and sugars were determined. Among the micronutrients analyzed (Ca, Mg, Zn, Fe, P and K), potassium (933.04 mg/100 g) was the most abundant element in the fruit. Regarding the analysis of vitamin C, the value determined was 46.97 mg/100 g. The DPPH, FRAP and ABTS assays were used to evaluate the antioxidant activity. The extracts showed antioxidant activity in the methods used, providing potential for their application in the composition of the food products formulations with functional properties since there was no cytotoxic potential in normal cells (L-929).
Obesidade e edulcorantes: uma questão de saúde pública
Authors: Santana Naienne da Silva , Viana Larissa Morais , Mothé Cheila Gonçalves , Mothé Michelle Gonçalves
Published: February 2024

Nas últimas décadas, a obesidade e o excesso de peso alcançaram proporções epidêmicas no mundo, representando um dos maiores problemas de saúde pública da humanidade. No período de 1975 a 2020, a obesidade mundial triplicou. A Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS) define obesidade como “acúmulo anormal ou excessivo de gordura que pode prejudicar a saúde”. A obesidade surge como resultado de um desequilíbrio energético entre as calorias consumidas e as calorias gastas, criando um excedente de energia e um estado de balanço energético positivo, que se persistente durante um período de tempo prolongado ocasiona o excesso de peso corporal (World Health Organization, 2021). O excesso de peso e a obesidade já foram considerados como uma problemática de países de alta renda e atualmente estão em ascensão nos países de baixa e média renda, particularmente nas áreas urbanas. As mudanças nos padrões de nutrição (maior disponibilidade de alimentos densos em calorias e pobres em nutrientes), crescimento econômico, industrialização, transporte mecanizado e urbanização são alguns dos fatores que têm contribuído para esta mudança de cenário (Basu et al., 2013; Hruby & Hu, 2015). Além de fatores ambientais e socioeconômicos, a literatura aponta que fatores hereditários tais como genética, histórico familiar, diferenças raciais/étnicas, também influenciam no risco de obesidade (Hruby & Hu, 2015). Considerada uma doença crônica de caráter multifatorial, a obesidade é um fator de risco para a ocorrência de doenças cardiovasculares, diabetes mellitus tipo II, distúrbios músculo-esqueléticos (principalmente osteoartrite), hipertensão, alguns tipos de câncer, entre outras enfermidades. Isolada ou associada a condições crônicas, a obesidade se tornou um problema de saúde pública no mundo, resultando em elevados custos diretos e indiretos associados as suas consequências físicas, psíquicas, sociais e econômicas (Dee et al., 2014; Hruby & Hu, 2015; OECD, 2019; Tremmel et al., 2017).
Biocontrole de Apoharknessia insueta contra Trichoderma asperullum em mudas de Eucalyptus sp.
Authors: Portela Renan Marcelo , De Quadros João Francisco dos Santos , Gomes Caio Augusto Fidelix Carneiro , Costa Jerffersoney Garcia , Feitosa Quemuel Alves , Medalha Lorhan Matheus de Souza , Garcia Flávio Augusto de Oliveira
Published: February 2024

O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar o potencial antagonístico do fungo Trichoderma asperullum ao patógeno Apoharknessia insueta, causador de macha foliar em Eucalyptus sp, isolado da base da copa de folhas de E. dunni. Foram realizados experimentos in vitro e in vivo. Para o controle biológico in vitro, foi avaliado a taxa de crescimento do antagonista durante sete dias em teste de pareamento de culturas, em placas que continham o patógeno em confronto direto com T. asperullum com placas que continham apenas o patógeno. Nas plantas, avaliou-se a severidade do patógeno inoculado por meio de discos de micélio em folhas de E. dunni com ferimento e o antagonista por microaspersão de esporos. No controle in vitro, T. asperullum mostrou alto potencial de controle, nas plantas, registrou-se diferença significativa entre as médias de severidade nas plantas em que o patógeno estava sozinho em relação aquele onde T. asperrulum havia sido inoculado junto. Verificou-se potencial de controle tanto in vitro como em plantas de E. dunni do antagonista em questão.
Assessment of environmental impacts of the Céu Azul Dump, Camaragibe/PE, Brazil
Authors: Tavares Camila de Melo , De Oliveira Júnior Antônio Italcy , Mariano Maria Odete Holanda , Jucá José Fernando Thomé
Published: February 2024

Dumps consist of inadequate disposal of solid waste, causing soil and water contamination, air pollution, and proliferation of vectors. After the landfill's closure, it continues to cause environmental damage and public health, requiring adequate site remediation. Thus, an ecological diagnosis is necessary to characterize the environmental situation found before carrying out the closure project. Therefore, this diagnosis should represent the first stage and the basis for all projects, where it is possible to describe and identify environmental impacts and point out the best ways to mitigate these generated impacts. This study aimed to evaluate the ecological effects of the Céu Azul dump in Camaragibe, Metropolitan Region of Recife, Pernambuco. The investigation began employing the physiographic characterization of the area, where the climate, hydrology, geology, geomorphology, and pedology of the region of the old dump. Subsequently, field and laboratory tests, such as SPT-type soundings, infiltration tests, flow plates, soil collection, and surface and underground water quality in the surrounding area, were carried out. Regarding the assessment of environmental impacts, the main impacting factors verified in areas of final waste disposal were first drawn up (whether or not an occurrence was confirmed). After this step, each impact was hierarchized in such a way as to allow a more precise visualization of the diagnostic scenario. In the case analyzed, the Camaragibe municipal dump has negative environmental impacts, which require remediation of the area.
O papel da doutrina dos precedentes para controle do ativismo judicial no STF em casos de judicialização da megapolítica
Authors: Campelo Clidenor Marcos Vaz , Dettmam Deborah , Matos Nelson Juliano Cardoso
Published: February 2024

O artigo científico foca no problema da insegurança jurídica causado pela imprevisibilidade das decisões judiciais no Supremo Tribunal Federal em caso de judicialização da megalítica. O texto objetiva defender a adoção de uma doutrina de precedentes vinculantes que aplique o princípio da integridade na prestação jurisdicional, capaz de garantir a segurança jurídica, a previsibilidade, a estabilidade e a igualdade nas decisões para os casos de judicialização da megapolpitica enfrentados pelo Supremo Tribunal Federal. A pesquisa utilizou o método dedutivo, a partir da doutrina acerca da teoria dos precedentes, e pesquisa jurisprudencial abordando casos emblemáticos julgados recentemente no STF. Além de uma revisão sistemática sobre judicialização da política, com conceitos e discussões trazidas sobre o tema princialmente pelo autor Ran Hirschl. Por fim, traz como resultado: As decisões do Supremo Tribunal Federal nos mandados de segurança 37760 MC / DF e 38216 / DF, hipóteses de judicialização da megapolítica, que demosntram carência de integridade nas respostas jurisdicionais da corte.
Emprego de resíduos da construção civil em base de pavimentação asfáltica
Authors: Omido Agleison Ramos , Barboza Christian Souza , Monge Alexandre Gimenez , Omido Thais Vieira
Published: February 2024

A indústria da construção civil no Brasil é um pilar econômico crucial, gerando empregos e impulsionando cadeias de suprimentos. No entanto, enfrenta desafios significativos relacionados aos resíduos sólidos da construção civil (RCC) decorrentes de projetos deficientes, mão de obra não qualificada e ineficiências no transporte de materiais. A gestão inadequada de RCC resulta em poluição ambiental e impactos sociais nocivos. Estudos demonstraram que uma solução viável é a incorporação desses resíduos em projetos de construção de rodovias, promovendo a construção sustentável de estradas. Isso reduz a necessidade de extração de materiais em jazidas naturais ao mesmo tempo que evita o acúmulo e a disposição inadequada de resíduos, gerando benefícios ambientais consideráveis. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar as propriedades físicas do RCC, tanto em sua forma pura quanto em combinação com o solo do tipo A-2-7, para uso em camadas granulares de pavimentos rodoviários. Foram analisados solo puro e solo misturado com RCC, com taxas de incorporação de 20% e 60%. Os resultados demonstraram que o RCC pode ser empregado eficazmente em várias camadas de pavimentos rodoviários, como base, sub-base e reforço de subleito, em conformidade com as normas rodoviárias brasileiras vigentes. Os resultados deste estudo contribuem para a compreensão da viabilidade do RCC como alternativa sustentável na construção de estradas, reduzindo a necessidade de exploração de recursos naturais e promovendo a reutilização desses resíduos.
THERMOGRAPHIC STUDY IN THE LODANA-UTM EXTENSION PHOTOVOLTAIC POWER PLANT FOR THE PREVENTION OF BREAKDOWNS
Authors: Navarrete-García Ítalo Humberto , Pupo Leonardo Peña , Rodríguez-Gámez María , Valarezo-Molina Lucio Alfredo , Mera-Macias Julio Cesar , Cuenca-Álava Lenin Agustín , Guerrero-Alcívar María Shirlendy
Published: February 2024

Objective: Detect the hot spots present in the photovoltaic modules, to know what type of maintenance they need to achieve good energy performance.   Methods: The bibliographic review method, the inductive-deductive and the experimental method were applied, through visual inspection and infrared thermography to determine the number of panels that are affected, using the temperature variation technique.   Results: It was obtained that 7.41% need corrective maintenance, 11.11% preventive maintenance and 81.48% predictive maintenance, this maintenance must be carried out with the objective that the photovoltaic generator does not lose its optimal operability during its work process and decrease its performance, this prediction method is done automatically, the procedure allows you to organize the detection and classification process more effectively.   Conclusions: Thermography is a passive, non-contact measurement method. Thermal images show the temperature distribution on the surface of the object. Thermal imaging technology has become one of the most valuable diagnostic tools for predictive maintenance by detecting anomalies that are not normally visible to the naked eye. These can prevent costly system failures before they occur, thereby achieving that reduces the occurrence of breakdowns, increases the overall performance factor, improves the profitability conditions of the project, reduces costs associated with its operation.
Extramedullary plasmacytoma in the head and neck region – presentation of two cases
Authors: Zagacki Dawid , Golberg Michał , Neskoronna-Jędrzejczak Aneta , Kaczmarczyk Dariusz
Published: February 2024

Introduction: Plasma cell tumors might be present in two types: as solitary lesions (plasmacytoma) or disseminated throughout the body – multiple myeloma. The former most commonly develops in the bones containing bone marrow, rarer in different soft tissues (extramedullary plasmacytoma).

Case report: The first case is a 53-year-old man with a tumor of the left side of the larynx. The CT scan revealed a tumor on the left side of the larynx causing destruction of the thyroid cartilage. Oligobiopsy results – differential diagnosis included lymphoma and plasmacytoma. Based on histopathological examination and additional tests, the diagnosis was made: extramedullary myeloma. The patient was referred for further treatment to the hematology department, where he was qualified for chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The second case is a 27-year-old man with chronic rhinitis that does not respond to antiinflammatory treatment. The MRI examination revealed a pathological mass of a hyperplastic nature with enhancement after contrast administration. An endoscopic tumor biopsy was performed. Histopathological examination revealed a plasma cell tumor. The correlation of the performed tests allowed for the diagnosis of extramedullary ameloblastoma of the maxillary sinus. The patient was referred for IGRT radiotherapy treatment.

Discussion: Extramedullary plasmacytoma (EMP) accounts for about 3% of all plasma cell neoplasms. It is a locally invasive submucosal tumor presenting a tendency for recurrences; however, in about 16% of cases it may progress to multiple myeloma. The treatment of choice in case of EMP is radiotherapy or chemo-radiotherapy. Pan-London Haemato-Oncology Clinical Guidelines for Plasma Cell Disorder (2020) defined diagnostic criteria for extramedullary myeloma, which are also presented in the paper.
Lemierre’s syndrome in pediatric population
Authors: Górny Dorota , Rosa Olga , Siwołowska Gabriela , Kantczak Ada , Bielecki Ireneusz
Published: February 2024

Introduction: Lemierre’s syndrome is a rare, potentially fatal complication of upper respiratory tract infections, occurring mainly in young, previously healthy individuals. It is defined as postanginal septicaemia accompanied by thrombosis of the internal jugular vein and formation of abscesses in distant organs. Characteristic symptoms include deterioration of patient’s condition on the 4th–7th day of the management of primary infection, with the recurrence of fever and unilateral swelling and painfulness of the neck.

Aims: The analysis of pediatric cases of Lemierre’s syndrome as described in the literature over the last 30 years; presentation of own experience and clinical observations in pediatric patients receiving treatment for Lemierre’s syndrome.

Material and methods: A search of the literature available through the PubMed platform was carried out using the query terms “Lemierre syndrome” and “children”. A total of 73 pediatric cases reported on in papers published in English literature within the time span of 1980 through 2023 were included in the analysis.

Results: As shown by the analysis of the 73 pediatric cases of Lemierre’s syndrome, the most common causes of the disease were acute pharyngitis and acute otitis media. The presence of the bacterial species Fusobacterium necrophorum was established in the blood cultures of more than one half of the patient group. Distant complications were most frequently observed in the lungs while the most common locations of thrombosis included the internal jugular vein and the sigmoid sinus. Intravenous antibiotic therapy was delivered to all patients, many of whom required additional surgical intervention and/or anticoagulation treatment.

Conclusions: In most cases, Lemierre’s syndrome is a complication of acute pharyngitis and acute otitis media. Despite the presence of severe distant organ complications and extensive thrombotic lesions within the venous vessels, complete recovery is achieved in most cases in the pediatric population. The treatment of Lemierre’s syndrome is based primarily on broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy, with surgical interventions and/or anticoagulant therapy being also required in some cases. As of the present, no uniform guidelines have been established for the use of anticoagulant therapy, particularly in the pediatric population.
O USO DA PrEP POR MULHERES TRANSEXUAIS E TRAVESTIS NO DISTRITO FEDERAL
Authors: Da Conceição Roberta Lopes , Ferreira Ronivaldo Pinto , Silva Luana Santos , Dos Santos Ivonise Sampaio , Paulino Renata Gonçalves , Ribeiro Zilka dos Santos de Freitas , Pinto Gustavo Henrique Pereira
Published: February 2024

Objetivo: Descrever barreiras sociais na continuidade de uso da Profilaxia Pré-Exposição (PrEP) por mulheres transsexuais e travestis no Distrito Federal entre 2018-2022 e refletir sobre o papel da gestão em seu acesso e continuidade. Métodos: Estudo ecológico descritivo com indicadores sobre o uso da PrEP por mulheres transexuais e travestis no Distrito Federal entre 2018 a 2022. Foram analisados os registros do painel de monitoramento da PrEP do Ministério da Saúde: raça/cor, faixa etária e escolaridade. Os dados foram apresentados em quadros. Resultados: Mulheres transexuais e travestis brancas/amarelas e entre 30 a 39 anos são as que mais acessam a PrEP; mulheres transexuais indígenas e com 50 anos ou mais e travestis pardas entre 40 a 49 anos são as que apresentam uma menor busca de acesso. Mulheres transexuais e travestis com 12 anos ou mais de escolaridade são maioria no acesso a PrEP; a minoria tem entre 4 a 7 anos de escolaridade. Conclusão: Questões referentes a raça/cor, idade e escolaridade podem significar barreiras de acesso e continuidade no uso da PrEP no Distrito Federal. Gestores em saúde devem conhecer a realidade dessa população e capacitar os profissionais assistenciais para lidar com essas usuárias.
A IMPORTÂNCIA DO PACIENTE NO CONTROLE DE INFECÇÃO DE SÍTIO CIRÚRGICO: UM RELATO DE EXPERIÊNCIA
Authors: Ferreira Ana Quitéria Fernandes , Brito Andrea Gomes da Rocha , De Araújo Thaise Soares Dantas , Martins Silvia Leticia Lima de Araujo , Araujo Taislândia Oliveira , De Valmoré Marcelo Barros , Ramalho Juliana Paiva Góes , De Oliveira Annelissa Andrade Virginio , De Oliveira Márcia Virgínia Andrade Virginio , Dos Santos Maria Rosilene , Francisco Darlliany Lima , Sales Larissa Lyra de Souza , Dos Santos Kátia Renata Azevedo , Silva Fernanda Danielle de Medeiros Oliveira , Figueiredo Maria do Carmo Clemente Marques , Da Costa Marcele Ferreira
Published: February 2024

Descrever o processo de investigação das Infecções de Sítio Cirúrgico (ISC), visando a importância da participação das pacientes no pós operatório das cesarianas em uma instituição hospitalar. Trata-se de um relato de experiência sobre o processo de investigação das ISC, visando a importância do paciente no processo de definição e diagnóstico epidemiológico das ICS decorrentes de cirurgias cesarianas, durante o período de junho a dezembro de 2022, em uma unidade hospitalar no Estado do Rio Grande do Norte. A observação da realidade ocorreu junto a equipe de saúde, formada por enfermeiras. Percebeu-se que as investigações foram realizadas via mensagens telefônicas para a averiguação das infecções, assim sendo possível realizar as notificações a partir da confirmação e fechamento do tipo de ISC. Observou-se também, o quantitativo de ISC relacionadas às cesarianas no período proposto, baseando-se na rotina do setor, a partir dos relatos das puérperas. Mostrando a importância do papel do usuário nesse processo, onde, mesmo sem conhecimentos técnicos específicos são capazes de entender a necessidade de informar sobre a sua situação de saúde. A participação das pacientes apresenta um papel fundamental na pesquisa da incidência sobre essas infecções, otimizam a avaliação quanto ao serviço prestado e respaldam a necessidade de futuras intervenções quanto a identificação de algumas possíveis não conformidades.
Effects of malnutrition on child neurodevelopment and mental health
Authors: Arráiz de Fernández Carolina , Fernández Soto Gerardo , Rojas Conde Luis , Chasillacta Amores Fabiola , Fernández Arráiz Gerardo , Cabrera Maritza
Published: February 2024

Introduction: Childhood malnutrition, a serious public health problem in children and adolescents, with changes in body composition, homeostasis of the body, neurodevelopment and alterations in mental health. Objective: Describe the effects of malnutrition on neurodevelopment and children's mental health. Methods: Narrative review study, with a documentary, non-systematic and descriptive design in scientific databases: Pubmed, Scopus, SciELO, Redalyc and Google Scholar, using Health Sciences descriptors, whose selection criteria were complete articles published between 2018 -2023, in English and Spanish. Results: Families with better socioeconomic status have children with a higher risk of suffering from malnutrition due to overweight and obesity, while malnutrition is more common in children from low-income families in poorer countries; However, changes in the epidemiology of diseases due to malnutrition with emotional alterations were prevalent in developed countries, considered a global problem. People diagnosed with psychiatric illnesses, reported with childhood trauma, such as abuse and/or maltreatment, may be at greater risk of suffering from malnutrition due to eating disorders. Conclusions: Nutrition is the greatest environmental influence on childhood neurodevelopment, due to the impact on mental health that begins with maternal prenatal malnutrition, alters neurodevelopment and increases the postnatal risk of decreased cognitive function, behavioral disorders and greater susceptibility to neuropsychiatric disorders. Similarly, obesity during pregnancy predisposes the fetus to a phenotype with neurodevelopmental impairments, producing postnatal alterations in executive functions, decreased impulse control, and compulsive eating behaviors
Description of ventilator-associated pneumonia
Authors: González Baños Yanara , Terrado Almarales Osiris Oscar , Rego Avila Heidy
Published: February 2024

Pneumonia associated with mechanical ventilation constitutes one of the main infections associated with health services and the main complication of mechanical ventilation. The present investigation was developed with the aim of describing ventilator-associated pneumonia. A literature review was carried out in the Scopus, SciELO and Redalyc databases, obtaining 37 references.  This entity is an infection of the lower airway that produces an acute inflammatory lesion of the pulmonary parenchyma that occurs in response to the arrival of the microorganism to the distal airway, and which is acquired in the hospital 48 hours after endotracheal intubation. The symptoms and signs may manifest as the presentation of a series of symptoms and signs, either progressive or abrupt, such as dyspnea, fever, tachypnea, purulent expectoration, hemoptysis, rhonchi, crackles, hypoventilation and bronchospasm. Diagnosis is clinical, radiological and laboratory.
How the Albanian Constitution Welcomes the Eu Acquis Along Integration Process
Authors: Qejvani Olta
Published: February 2024

The first legislative gateway that must speak the language of the EU acquis during and after membership in the Union is the Constitution. In addition to quickening the process of integration, laying the foundation for the Constitution makes it easier for the remainder of Albania's laws to be approximated as EU law requires. Our Constitution was drafted being orientated towards democratic examples and incorporates all aspects of European and international values, including the protection of human rights, the application of the rule of law, and the institutionalization of the national government. From this angle, our Constitution has the appropriate European components, thus it is easy to anticipate the spirit of EU ideals in the Albanian legal system. The focus of this research paper is envisaged in the framework of the symposium ‘Albanian Constitution – 25 years Constitutional democracy’, organized from Department of Law in memoriam of the first democratic Constitution in 1998. It creates a humble relation with the international (European) law, even though lining some boundaries on further implementation. In our Constitution, article 123 point 3 provides that the norms issued by an international organization prevail in case of conflict over the law of the country. So, we are no longer simply talking about supremacy over the laws of the country, but even meaning a supremacy of the Constitution itself. Despite of being in these favorable conditions, there is also a potential possibility for the Constitution to face the need of changes at the moment of accession. The scope of this research is to define the legal dimension on how our Constitution welcomes EU acquis and also to analyze potential outcomes on the Constitutional changes (or not) at the moment of accession. Latest countries joining EU faced considerable elements for change at their Constitution when joined the European Union. These practices occurring once must be truly taken into consideration in Albanian integration phase towards the Union, in order to avoid any delays or prolonged process of Constitutional change. Exploring and analyzing the current provisions of Albanian Constitution will be offered as main points to envisage the road path of welcoming EU acquis. By comparative overview of latest countries joining EU such as: Czech Republic, Romania, Bulgaria and Croatia and others when appropriate, this paper will offer also some alternatives and perspectives on how our Constitution must be ready for any potential changes.

 

Received: 2 October 2023 / Accepted: 10 December 2023 / Published: 23 December 2023
Constitutional Protection of Human Rights in the Republic of Albania
Authors: Guzina Sonila , Tiri Edvana
Published: February 2024

Democracy and the rule of law are lessons from history and people's desires to live an increasingly better life, where human rights are closely linked to the state's obligation to protect and promote them. The Constitution recognizes and ensures human rights and freedoms. The constitution empowers the people thereby implementing democracy and giving the people the opportunity to participate in the exercise of power, such as through elections or referendums. Also, the Constitution determines whether these rights can be limited or not and in which cases. Usually there are reasons such as the protection of national security, health and safety of the public or even the protection of the rights of others and always only with laws issued by the relevant government. Legal and democratic institutions should be expressed through three basic attributes, legitimacy, authority and political power. In this sense, the existence of democracy and respect for human rights must be ensured, through the existence of the rule of law and democratic values in a society where human rights have special importance for democracy.

 

Received: 2 October 2023 / Accepted: 10 December 2023 / Published: 23 December 2023
The Human Dimension of the Supreme Law of the State on its 25th Anniversary
Authors: Pepa Eugen
Published: February 2024

This article commemorates the 25th anniversary of the adoption of the Constitution of the Republic of Albania, reflecting on its significance and impact on the country's political, social, and legal landscape. It discusses the evolution of Albania's legal system, emphasizing the need for a more humanized approach to law that is accessible and comprehensible to all citizens. The article analysis the disconnection between the law-making bodies and the people, highlighting the importance of constitutional education from early stages of education. It also addresses ongoing challenges in Albanian society, such as emigration and institutional reform, calling for greater accountability and maturity in governance. Ultimately, the speaker advocates for a reimagining of the Constitution as a living document that embodies the values and aspirations of the Albanian people.

 

Received: 2 October 2023 / Accepted: 10 December 2023 / Published: 23 December 2023
The Historical Evolution of the Albanian Constitution During the XX-XXI Centuries
Authors: Xhaferri Manjola
Published: February 2024

This paper aims to highlight the historical importance of constitutionalism for a country and the efforts made to finalize it. Referring to the history of the Albanian Constitution, we can see a centuries-old attempt to bring an essential legal act that gives the highest values to the state, not only in the National Legal context but also in compatibility with International Legislation. As it is already known, the Constitution is the state's fundamental law. In the Albanian tradition, the constitution, the notions related to it, and the concepts that originate from it have had less longevity than the state itself. Due to historical circumstances, the Albanian state was created in the last phase of the withdrawal of the Ottoman Empire from the Balkans and the creation of the Balkan states. As a result, it faced double difficulties in the written shaping and implementation of constitutional practices and norms. For the founders of the Albanian state, there was no previous reference document, no close contemporary tradition, and no legitimate institutions from which the constitutional document could originate.What will be important in this paper is that, based on the documentary analysis, there has been a continuous effort by the political bodies, since the Declaration of Independence and up to our days, for a contemporary development and modeling of all the Constitutions of this country, starting from Canons and ending in the current Constitution which the Albanian state obeys today. Also, in this paper, clarifying some misunderstandings or unintentional misinterpretations about the previous constitutional documents will be essential. Based on the bibliography, all the Albanian constitutions without which the Albanian legal state could not function, and functions will be studied with special attention.

 

Received: 2 October 2023 / Accepted: 10 December 2023 / Published: 23 December 2023
Freedoms and Personal Rights of Women as Part of the Fundamental Rights Recognized by the Constitution
Authors: Buda Dhuli Brikena , Dhuli Egi
Published: February 2024

The personal freedoms and rights of women are indispensable and integral to the individual freedoms and rights in a democratic society. National and international legislation safeguards these rights and freedoms, which establish the status, autonomy, and function of women in society. Women's personal freedoms and rights are essential components of individual freedoms and rights as a whole. Ensuring and advocating for these rights enhances the establishment of a fair, impartial, and comprehensive society that encompasses everyone. The Constitution of the Republic of Albania establishes and safeguards the basic rights and liberties of individuals, encompassing the rights of women. The examination of these factors establishes the extent to which women's individual rights and liberties impact their autonomy, worth, and societal position, fostering an environment where women are seen as equals and held in high regard. Essential to achieving these objectives is the implementation and adherence to laws and policies that safeguard and advance these rights. The manifesto addresses several aspects of economic, political, social, and cultural liberties and entitlements.

 

Received: 2 October 2023 / Accepted: 10 December 2023 / Published: 23 December 2023
Due Process, the Constitutional Right of the Defendant in the Trial: Overview According to the European Convention on Human Rights
Authors: Shehdula Mirseda , Musaraj Joniada , Thaçi Ismail
Published: February 2024

The right to a regular legal process is one of the basic rights recognized by the person, and more precisely a positive right, since its realization requires the intervention of the state. The care that must be shown in respecting the due process of law must be great. This requires not only the vigilance of the administrative bodies and the courts towards their legal obligations, but also the interest of the person himself to claim his right. The paper focuses on the approach that has the right to a regular legal process towards the defendant as well as on the jurisprudence of the Constitutional Court in Albania and the European Court of Human Rights. Answers are given to questions such as: what is the status of the right to a regular legal process in the Constitution of the Republic of Albania and how is it harmonized with the European Convention of Human Rights? What are some of the elements of this right; How is the defendant positioned in front of this right?

 

Received: 2 October 2023 / Accepted: 10 December 2023 / Published: 23 December 2023
Provisions on International Law in the Constitution of the Republic of Albania: Principle of Supremacy and Direct Application in View of the Accession of the Republic of Albania to the Eu
Authors: Beqiraj Mihani Pranvera
Published: February 2024

The purpose of this article is to analyze the provisions of international law in the Constitution of the Republic of Albania of 1998, from the point of view of the accession to the European Union. The analysis was carried out firstly in the context of the principle of supremacy and the principle of direct application and secondly given the accession of the Republic of Albania to international organizations. This analysis is intended to understand the constitutional framework in light of the accession of the Republic of Albania in the European Union. The analysis of the constitutional provisions important for the accession of the Republic of Albania in the European Union was done through the descriptive method.

 

Received: 22 October 2023 / Accepted: 16 December 2023 / Published: 23 December 2023
Evaluation of Partial Replacement of Barley Grain with Heated Potato Processing By-products in the Diet of Dairy Cows Using an In vitro Gas Production Technique
Authors: Sadq Sarwar Mohammed , Fatehi Farhang
Published: February 2024

Background: The increasing urban population requires more dairy product (meat and milk) production; therefore, using agricultural sector by-products as animal feedstuffs has found double importance.

Objective: The effects of replacing barley grain with heated potato slices (HPS) and French fries waste (FFW) in iso-energetic total mixed dairy cow rations on cumulative gas production and in vitro DM degradability were evaluated using in vitro techniques.

Methods: Seven experimental dairy cow total mixed rations (TMR) were formulated based on partial replacing barley grain with HPS or FFW,  including Control: a diet containing 16% (DM basis) barley grain as one of the main sources of non-forage carbohydrates; 5 HPS: a diet containing 11% barley grain and 5% HPS; 10 HPS: a diet containing 6% barley grain and 10% HPS; 15 HPS: a diet containing 1% barley grain and 15% HPS; 5 FFW: a diet containing 11% barley grain and 5% FFW; 10 FFW: a diet containing 6% barley grain and 10% FFW; 15 FFW: a diet containing 1% barley grain and 15% FFW. Two in vitro gas production approaches were conducted separately to measure the production of gas volumes and dry matter (DM) degradability at 2, 4, 6, 12, 24, 36, and 48 hours of incubation.

Results: After 48 h of incubation, the gas production volume varied between 174 and 197 ml/g DM, with the highest value observed with control and the lowest value with FFW treatments (P < 0.05). Also, the gas production rate for the insoluble fraction varied from 0.031 to 0.054 ml/h and was higher for HPS treatments than for control and FFW treatments (P < 0.05). After 48 h of incubation, DM degradability was significantly lower for the control than other treatments. DM effective degradability, with a passage rate of 0.05 h−1, found to be higher for FFW and HPS treatments compared with the control. Moreover, the rate of the B fraction degradation was significantly lower for the control (0.14 % h−1) than for treatments.

Conclusion: The heated potato processing by-products could be replaced with barley grain by 15% in the diet of dairy cows without having negative effects on ruminal fermentation.
Análisis de la factibilidad técnico-económico sobre la instalación de un sistema fotovoltaico conectado a la red en la empresa Tecnipresición
Authors: Stalyn Morocho Kevin , Mendoza Álvaro Javier
Published: February 2024

El presente trabajo tiene como finalidad promover el uso de la generación de electricidad por medio de la energía Solar. Para ello se investiga la radiación solar que tiene el Ecuador, así como pequeños conceptos de radiación solar y como el de energías renovables de un sistema de generación fotovoltaica conectada a la red para el autoabastecimiento de la empresa Tecniprecisión que eventualmente tienen una demanda de energía considerable y se podría analizar la parte técnica-económica para una futura instalación.  Además, dar a conocer un poco de este sistema y sus componentes principales como seria el tipo de panel fotovoltaico que analizaremos, el inversor, el medidor bidimensional y más aparatos u objetos que se necesitarían, así como sus características principales, además de la simulación en el programa PVsyst y PVGIS, donde se obtuvo valores del sistema Fotovoltaico su ángulo de proyección y más características. Del mismo modo se realiza un breve análisis financiero para determinar la viabilidad y si estarían de acuerdo con implementar este sistema fotovoltaico en la empresa con una breve encuesta realizada a los colaboradores de dicha empresa.
Perspectivas actuales en la disciplina contable-financiera: El pensamiento socrático en la era actual y el transhumanismo
Authors: Cano Morales Abel María , Torres Grimaldo José Alfredo
Published: February 2024

En los siguientes párrafos, se explorarán los enfoques más recientes relacionados con la teoría disciplinaria en el campo de la contabilidad, con un énfasis en su proceso de fundamentación a través de paradigmas contables. Además, se abordará una propuesta destinada a impulsar una nueva revolución científica en la contabilidad, en el contexto de la cuarta revolución y su relación con el transhumanismo. El propósito subyacente es presentar una perspectiva, que abarca desde el análisis analógico hasta una serie de argumentos que abordan el desarrollo de la ciencia contable. Este análisis tiene como fin evaluar la pertinencia de estos enfoques y argumentos en el contexto actual de la contabilidad, con el propósito de presentar una propuesta que pueda catalizar procesos de revolución en la ciencia y la investigación contable financiera Igualmente, se buscará obtener una comprensión más clara de la evolución histórica de la disciplina contable y se analizarán los procesos contemporáneos que están contribuyendo a dinamizar la actividad científica en este ámbito.
Bio-intensive Management of root and Stem rot (Macrophomina phaseolina (Tasi) Goid) of Sesame
Authors: K N GUPTA  , RAJNI BISEN
Published: February 2024

Field experiments were conducted on sesame during Kharif 2014 to 2016 at JNKVV farm, with seven treatments and three replications using susceptible variety of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.),VRI-1, to find out the effect of Trichoderma viride and Pseudomonas florescence (either alone or in combination ) on incidence of charcoal rot disease caused by Macrophomina phaseolina (Tasi) Goid. Seed treatment with Trichoderma viride (5g/kg seed) + Pseudomonas florescence (10g/kg seed) and soil application of T. viride or pseudomonas florescence@2.5 kg/ha before sowing was found effective for the management of this disease.
الدور الوسيط لوسائل التواصل الاجتماعي في العلاقة بين التسويق الرقمي والاداء التسويقي: دراسة تطبيقية في شركة زين للاتصالات في العراق
Authors: الدليمي Hanan
Published: February 2024

تهدف هذه الدراسة الى استكشاف الدور الوسيط لوسائل التواصل الاجتماعي في إطار العلاقة بين التسويق الرقمي والاداء التسويقي في شركة زين للاتصالات في العراق، حيث تتمثل مشكلة البحث في ان التسويق الرقمي بصورته الحديثة اخذ يعتمد على وسائل التواصل الاجتماعي من اجل تنمية وتطوير الاداء التسويقي في الشركات وخصوصا شركات الاتصالات. فبالرغم من هذه الاهمية الكبيرة للدور الوسيط الذي تمثله وسائل التواصل الاجتماعي وانتشارها الكبير كفيس بوك وواتس اب وغيرها الا ان الدراسات في هذا المجال قليلة جدا وتكاد تكون معدومة في بلد مثل العراق. من اجل سد هذه الفجوة البحثية استخدمنا منهجان هما المنهج الوصفي لوصف المفاهيم الأساسية ذات الصلة بمتغيرات الدراسة، والمنهج التحليلي لاستكشاف العلاقة والتأثير بين هذه المتغيرات التي هي التسويق الرقمي والاداء التسويقي ودور وسائل التواصل الاجتماعي. تم توزيع استبانة على العاملين في شركة زين للاتصالات في محافظة بغداد، حيث بلغ عدد افراد العينة 70 بعد جمع الاستبيانات وتحليلها تم التوصل إلى وجود علاقة ارتباط ذات دلالة معنوية بين كل من التسويق الرقمي بأبعاده والاداء التسويقي، كما توجد علاقة ارتباط ذات دلالة معنوية بين كل من التسويق الرقمي ووسائل التواصل الاجتماعي وكذلك بين الاداء التسويقي ووسائل التواصل الاجتماعي.
تطور الصناعة المصرفية وأثرها في التنمية المستدامة
Authors: النعيمي Zahraa , السمان Thaeir
Published: February 2024

يهدف البحث نحو قياس أثر تطور الصناعة المصرفية في التنمية المستدامة وخصوصا بعد تطور الصناعة المصرفية في السنوات الأخيرة والانتقال الى الخدمات المصرفية الرقمية التي حققت أرباحا كبيرة للصناعة المصرفية بالتطبيق على الصناعة المصرفية العراقية خلال المدة (2004-2020) ، باستخدام نموذج ARDL حيث يتناول البحث قياس أثر تطور الصناعة المصرفية المتمثلة بالمتغيرات المستقلة وهي (الائتمان المقدم للقطاع الخاص الى GDP   ، اجمالي الودائع الى GDP ، وعرض النقد الى GDP ) على  التنمية المستدامة والتي تتحقق من خلال مؤشرات رئيسية وهي المؤشرات الاقتصادية والمؤشرات الاجتماعية والمؤشرات البيئية والمؤشرات المؤسسية حيث تم التعبير عن هذه المتغيرات المعتمدة من خلال مؤشرات (نصيب الفرد من الناتج المحلي الإجمالي، نسبة السكان في المناطق الحضرية، التغير في مساحة الغابات، الانفاق على البحث والتطوير) ، وقد توصل البحث الى الدور التنموي الكبير للصناعة المصرفية تحقيق التنمية المستدامة فضلا عن ضرورة في تطوير و تقديم الائتمان للمشاريع الحديثة التي تدعم الطاقة النظيفة والبيئة الخضراء .
أثر المخاطر المصرفية الكلية على بعض مؤشرات الاستقرار الاقتصادي في العراق باستخدام اختبار الحدود للمدة 2004-2021
Authors: فريح جواد , بتال Ahmed
Published: February 2024

هدف البحث الى قياس اثر المخاطر المصرفية الكلية وبيان مدى تأثيرها على الاستقرار الاقتصادي للمدة 2004-2021 ومن خلال توظيف اختبار الحدود bound test ، اذ تم تحديد متغيرين لتمثيل المخاطر المصرفية وهما (نسبة القروض المتعثرة الى إجمالي القروض، نسبة القروض المتعثرة الى إجمالي رأس المال)، وكذلك تم تحديد مجموعة من مؤشرات الاستقرار الاقتصادي الكلي وهي :(رأس المال المصرفي   ،التضخم ، نسبة صافي الميزان التجاري ، نسبة صافي الموازنة  ، الاحتياطي الاجنبي ، الانتشار المصرفي ، المستوى المعيشي )    . ومن أهم الاستنتاجات التي توصل اليها البحث هي وجود وجود علاقة طردية بين زيادة المخاطر المصرفية وزيادة رأس المال المصرفي بتخصيص جزء كبير منه لمواجهة القروض المتعثرة، وهناك تأثير سلبي للمخاطر المصرفية على التضخم من خلال زيادة معدلات التضخم، هناك تأثير سلبي للقروض المتعثرة إلى إجمالي القروض والانتشار المصرفي، إذ أن إرتفاع نسبة التعثر للقروض يؤدي الى تراجع في معدل الانتشار المصرفي، وهناك تأثير سلبي للقروض المتعثرة إلى إجمالي القروض على المستوى المعيشي، إذ أن إرتفاع نسبة التعثر للقروض يؤدي الى تراجع في معدل المستوى المعيشي نتيجة عدم منح القروض للسكان، وأوصى البحث أن تأخذ بنظر دراسة حالة المقترضين قبل منح الائتمان وذلك لتخفيض نسبة التعثر في القروض من خلال تقديم بعض الضمانات الى المصرفي، ضرورة استخدام مؤشر نسبة القروض المتعثرة الى إجمالي رأس المال كواحد من المخاطر المصرفية ذات التأثير على السلامة المالية للمصرف، من خلال ما يمثله مجموع القروض المتعثرة الى ما يمتلكه المصرف من رأس مال وبذلك يعطي رؤية واضحة لما يمتلكه المصرف من رأس مال.
دور آليات حوكمة تكنولوجيا المعلومات وفق أطار (COBIT) في تعزيز ثقة المستثمرين بالقوائم المالية المقدمة: دراسة ميدانية على عينة من المصارف العراقية الخاصة
Authors: عزام Waleed , دحام Jamal , هندي Waleed
Published: February 2024

نتيجة للتطورات الكبيرة التي تشهدها بيئة الاعمال في السنوات الاخيرة أدى ذلك الى ضرورة التحول في جميع التعاملات بالأنظمة المحاسبية من النظام اليدوي الى النظام الالكتروني لما تتميز به هذه الأنظمة من تقديم نتائج دقيقة وبوقت قصير مقارنةً بالنظام اليدوي، لذا فان هذا البحث يهدف إلى بيان اثر تطبيق اليات حوكمة تكنولوجيا المعلومات وفق اطار ((COBIT في تعزيز ثقة المستثمرين بالقوائم المالية، واختبار هل ان لهذه الاليات المتمثلة بـ(التخطيط والتنظيم، الدعم والتوصيل، الامتلاك والتنفيذ، المتابعة والتقييم) دور في تعزيز الثقة لدى المستثمرين بالقوائم المالية. وقد تناول البحث المصارف الخاصة العاملة في البيئة العراقية كمجتمع لأجراء الاختبار العملي فيما اشتملت العينة على الافراد العاملين في هذه المصارف، وللحصول على البيانات قام الباحثين بأعداد استمارة استبيان حيث تم توزيع (125) استمارة استرد منها (118) منها (110) كانت صالحة للتحليل بينما استبعد منها (8) لعدم صلاحيتها، اعتمد الباحثين البرنامج الاحصائي (SPSS) للوصول الى النتائج، توصل البحث الى عدة استنتاجات أهمها ان حوكمة تكنولوجيا المعلومات وفق اطار (COBIT) تساهم وبشكل اساسي في اعداد تقارير مالية تتصف بالموثوقية والملائمة وذلك لان من معايير الحوكمة هي ابراز دقة وموضوعية التقارير المالية اضافة الى الالتزام بالقواعد والتشريعات وهذا ينعكس ايجاباً في تعزيز ثقة المستثمرين بالقوائم المالية التي تقدمها المصارف عينة البحث، ومن اهم التوصيات التي قدمها البحث ضرورة تبني ادارة المصارف أطار (COBIT) كوسيلة لحوكمة تكنولوجيا المعلومات والرقابة عليها، وكذلك ضرورة تأهيل الموارد البشرية في المصارف على استخدام الانظمة المعلوماتية الحديثة والمتطورة من اجل تحقيق اقصى المنافع المنشودة من هذه التكنولوجيا في الحصول على مخرجات ملائمة تنعكس ايجاباً على جودة التقارير المالية التي تقدمها المصارف عينة البحث.