bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Persepsi Pasien Penyakit Kronis Terhadap Kualitas Dan Kepuasan Pelayanan Sebelum Dan Sesudah Pemberlakuan BPJS Di Unit Rawat Jalan RSH Blitar
Authors: Fitriasari Nikma , Nursanti Fajar Juli , Siswanto Siswanto
Published: May 2021

All hospitals in Indonesia are required to serve BPJS patients with quality services. Service quality consists of five dimensions:tangibles, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy. Quality service increases service satisfaction. Conditions at RSH Blitar showed an increase in outpatient visits by 79.4% after the application of BPJS. This case may lead to changes in service quality. This study identifies the differences in patient perceptions of service quality and satisfaction before and after the application of BPJS. This study applies observational analytic research with a cross-sectional approach. Data collection was from Blitar Hospital Outpatient Unit in April-June 2018. The sample was 66 patients. The Wilcoxon Paired Test indicated a significant difference in perception of service quality and satisfaction before and after the issue of BPJS in outpatients BPJS with chronic illness at RSH Blitar.

Abstrak

Seluruh rumah sakit di Indonesia wajib melayani pasien BPJS dengan pelayanan yang berkualitas. Kualitas pelayanan dapat dilihat dari lima dimensi, yaitu tangibles, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, dan emphaty. Pada dasarnya, pelayanan yang berkualitas meningkatkan kepuasan pelayanan. Kondisi di RSH Blitar menunjukkan peningkatan kunjungan rawat jalan sebesar 79,4% setelah bekerjasama dengan BPJS. Peningkatan kunjungan ini dapat menimbulkan perubahan pada kualitas pelayanan. Studi ini mengkaji lebih lanjut perbedaan persepsi pasien terhadap kualitas pelayanan dan kepuasan sebelum dan sesudah diberlakukan BPJS. Studi ini adalah analitik observasional dengan pendekatan potong lintang. Pengumpulan data dilakukan di Unit Rawat Jalan RSH Blitar pada bulan April-Juni tahun 2018. Jumlah sampel penelitian adalah 66 pasien. Hasil Uji Paired Wilcoxon menunjukkan adanya perbedaan yang signifikan antara persepsi dengan kualitas pelayanan dan kepuasan pelayanan sebelum dan sesudah pemberlakuan BPJS pada pasien rawat jalan BPJS dengan penyakit kronis di RSH Blitar.
Peran Dukungan Sosial Pada Ibu Dengan Gejala Depresi Dalam Periode Pasca Persalinan
Authors: Wurisastuti Tri , Mubasyiroh Rofingatul
Published: May 2021

A mother who just gave birth needs to psychological support from her closest people. Lack of support from the closest people triggers her emotions that lead to depression. This study aims to determine the relationship between social support and postpartum depression. The analysis used Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS) 5 data in 2014. The samples were all mothers aged 15 years old and above who married and had babies aged 2-24 weeks. The independent variables included the presence of a spouse, the presence of other relatives, the participation of the mother in the social gathering, and the characteristics of the mother (age, education and occupation). Data were from 593 mothers who had complete variables using multiple logistic regression analysis. The analysis showed that the absence of a husband had a significant effect on postpartum depression (p-value = 0.001; OR = 2.81). Both the presence of other relatives and the maternal age are confounding variables for postpartum maternal depression. Mothers who did not stay with their partners had a risk of depression 2.81 times higher than those who did. It was controlled by the presence of other relatives and the age of the mother. Postpartum mothers have to be accompanied by her partner during babysitting.

Abstrak

Ibu yang baru melahirkan membutuhkan dukungan psikologis dari orang-orang terdekatnya. Kurangnya dukungan dari orang terdekat dapat menyebabkan penurunan psikologis yang akan menyebabkan ibu menjadi depresi. Studi ini bertujuan mengetahui hubungan dukungan sosial dengan depresi ibu pasca persalinan. Analisis menggunakan data Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS) 5 tahun 2014. Sampel dalam analisis adalah seluruh ibu berusia 15 tahun ke atas yang menikah dan memiliki bayi berusia 2-24 minggu. Variabel bebas yang dianalisis meliputi keberadaan pasangan, keberadaan kerabat lain, keikutsertaan ibu dalam arisan, dan karakteristik ibu (usia, pendidikan dan pekerjaan). Data dianalisis dari 593 ibu yang memiliki variable lengkap dengan menggunakan analisis regresi logistik berganda. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa ketidakberadaan suami berpengaruh signifikan terhadap depresi pasca persalinan (p-value=0,001; OR=2,81). Keberadaan kerabat lain dan usia ibu merupakan variabel confounding terhadap depresi ibu pasca bersalin. Ibu yang tidak tinggal bersama pasangannya memiliki risiko depresi 2,81 kali lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan ibu yang tinggal dengan pasangannya setelah dikontrol variabel keberadaan kerabat lain dan usia ibu. Ibu pasca bersalin disarankan didampingi oleh pasangan selama pengasuhan bayi.
Kemampuan Klinik Pratama dalam Menangani 195 Diagnosis di Kota Surabaya
Authors: Sari Eka Fitria , Mukhbitin Faihatul , Ernawaty Ernawaty
Published: May 2021

Head of Surabaya City Health Department Decree No.440/19547/436.3/2016 is based on Indonesian Minister of Health Decree No.HK.02.02/MENKES/514/2015. The regulation explains the need for the management of 195 clinical diagnoses in primary health facilities because it is related to the primary health facilities' capability to handle 195 clinical diagnoses. The RRNS achievement table in January-May 2017 shows that primary care clinics were primary health facilities that occupy the unsafe zone (RRNS>5%) namely 16.68% in Surabaya City. The research objective is to analyze the primary care clinics' capability in Surabaya City to handle the 195 clinical diagnoses. This research used a descriptive cross-sectional design in four primary care clinics with 20 people sampled. The results showed that all clinics had not been able to provide complete services. Clinical doctors had good capabilities in accordance with the Head of Surabaya City Health Department Decree No.440/19547/436.3/2016 but were not supported by the completeness of supply following the Indonesia Minister of Health Decree No.HK.02.02/MENKES/514/2015. In conclusion, only 65 (≤33%) clinical diagnoses can be handled properly with the imbalance between the doctors' capabilities and completeness of supply. This research suggests the regulation makers must also review the primary care clinics' capability to provide supplies and clinics can determine the right cost-containment strategy to handle 195 clinical diagnoses.

Abstrak

SK Kadinkes Kota Surabaya No.440/19547/436.3/2016 didasari oleh Kepmenkes RI No.HK.02.02/MENKES/514/2015. Peraturan yang menjelaskan tentang kebutuhan penatalaksanaan penanganan 195 diagnosis klinis di FKTP karena berkaitan dengan kemampuan FKTP melakukan penanganan. Tabel pencapaian RRNS bulan Januari-Mei 2017 menunjukkan klinik pratama merupakan jenis FKTP yang paling banyak menempati zona tidak aman (RRNS>5%) yakni 16,68% di Surabaya. Penelitian bertujuan menganalisis kemampuan klinik pratama di Kota Surabaya dalam menangani 195 diagnosis klinis. Penelitian menggunakan desain crosssectional deskriptif di empat klinik pratama dengan sampel 20 orang. Hasil menunjukkan semua klinik yang diteliti belum mampu menyediakan pelayanan secara lengkap. Dokter klinik memiliki kemampuan yang baik sesuai SK Kadinkes Kota Surabaya No.440/19547/436.3/2016 tetapi tidak didukung dengan kelengkapan supply yang dibutuhkan sesuai Kepmenkes RI No.HK.02.02/MENKES/514/2015. Kesimpulannya, diagnosis klinis yang dapat ditangani dengan baik hanya sebanyak 65 (≤33%) dengan hambatan ketidakseimbangan antara kemampuan dokter dan kelengkapan supply. Penelitian ini menyarankan pembuat kebijakan juga meninjau kemampuan klinik dalam menyediakan supply dan klinik dapat menentukan strategi cost containment yang tepat untuk menangani 195 diagnosis klinis.
The effect of the board diversity on firm performance: An empirical study on the UK
Authors: EmadEldeen Rehab , Elbayoumi Ahmed F. , Basuony Mohamed A. K. , Mohamed Ehab K. A.
Published: May 2021

This study aims at filling existing research by examining the effect of board composition specially board diversity on firm performance using cross-sectional data from London Stock Exchange (FTSE 350) of non-financial companies with a total observations 3961 companies for the years 2000–2016. To the best of our knowledge, the contribution of this paper is to examine the effect of board diversity (age, gender, education, and nationality) of FTSE 100 and FTSE 250 on firm performance. Our results indicate that age diversity has a negative effect on firm performance, which means that young board members enhance and increase firm performance. Furthermore, education diversity has a negative effect on firm performance. On the other hand, gender diversity has positive effect on firm performance, so if companies increase the number of females in the board of directors, firm performance will increase. Ultimately, our result reveals that nationality diversity has a positive effect on firm performance.
Problemáticas lingüísticas en estudiantes extranjeros de intercambio universitario
Authors: Vine-Jara Ana Enriqueta , Sáenz-Carillo Katia Lorena
Published: May 2021

Introducción. En las universidades chilenas, ha aumentado notablemente la cantidad de estudiantes extranjeros que realizan intercambios universitarios. Un gran número de ellos proviene de países no hispanohablantes. Objetivos. Conocer las dificultades que perciben los académicos (de tres ámbitos disciplinares: Humanidades, Ciencias Sociales e Ingeniería) en los alumnos extranjeros y delimitar los géneros académicos representativos que deben producir los estudiantes durante el intercambio universitario. Materiales y métodos. Se llevó a cabo un estudio cuantitativo de diseño transeccional descriptivo mediante la aplicación de un cuestionario, en línea, a 44 académicos de una universidad chilena. Resultados. La principal dificultad observada por los académicos corresponde a un nivel deficiente de español y en cuanto a los géneros representativos que deben producir los alumnos destacan los géneros escritos: ensayo (Ciencias Humanas) e informe de laboratorio (Ciencias de la Ingeniería) y los géneros orales: exposición oral, participación en debates (Ciencias Humanas) y presentación oral (Ciencias de la Ingeniería). Conclusiones. Se necesita que las universidades delimiten y exijan un nivel de español que permita a los estudiantes extranjeros (no nativos de español) desempeñarse en el ámbito académico. Además, se debe enseñar a los alumnos extranjeros a producir textos escritos y orales en español.
Diagnósticos, atención y cuidado
Authors: Díaz-Alzate Magda Victoria , Durán-Palacio Nicolasa María , Agudelo-Córdoba Diego León
Published: May 2021

Introducción: las Necesidades Educativas Especiales (NEE), son atendidas desde los modelos médico y social de la discapacidad, lo cual implica la mirada de los cuerpos desde la rehabilitación y el asistencialismo, desconociendo las diversidades en los desarrollos y en las necesidades de apoyo, además de la invisibilidad de los cuidadores como sujetos de derechos. Objetivo: describir la relación entre la atención a los niños con NEE, a partir de los modelos médico y social de la discapacidad, y la manera en que los cuidadores asumen la responsabilidad de acompañar a estos niños en los diferentes procesos. Materiales y métodos: se utilizó la investigación cualitativa, con método fenomenológico hermenéutico, y se recurrió al estudio de casos colectivo. Resultados: se encontró que la atención en los sistemas de salud y educativo, tiene relación con el modo de asumir, tanto el diagnóstico como el acompañamiento a sus hijos, además, que el cuidado es generalmente delegado a las madres. Conclusiones: los modelos social y médico aún imperan en la comprensión de la condición de discapacidad, lo cual es desfavorable para que la atención, no sólo de quienes la viven sino de sus cuidadores, se enmarque en un modelo de justicia social y reconocimiento.
Importancia de la planeación en la gestión de vivienda social: caso Buenaventura (Colombia)
Authors: Lerma-Bonilla Lides Leonardo , Serrano-Guzmán María Fernanda , Pérez-Ruíz Diego Darío
Published: May 2021

Introducción: el crecimiento poblacional y la variedad de actividades económicas concentran a las personas en ciertas regiones. Este hecho exige obras de infraestructura que, en ocasiones, fracasan porque se localizan en la periferia de las ciudades. A esta realidad se enfrentan proyectos de vivienda de interés social, que para el caso de Buenaventura (Colombia), que si bien es cierto están respondiendo para cubrir el déficit cuantitativo de vivienda, no han incorporado aspectos sociales relacionados con el impacto en confort y comodidad de los beneficiarios de estos proyectos. Objetivo: en este artículo se invita a la reflexión del quehacer ocupacional del arquitecto y del ingeniero hacia la gestión de proyectos que demuestren que la articulación de estas disciplinas sensiblemente puede beneficiar la ejecución de las obras, toda vez que se contemple que el proceso de planeación involucra dinámicas flexibles y participativas de manera multi y transdisciplinaria con la comunidad de usuarios. Materiales y métodos: se realizó la revisión técnico-administrativa a tres proyectos entregados en el 2015 por la Dirección Técnica de Vivienda (DTV) de Buenaventura. Resultados: el estudio muestra que, aunque estos proyectos obedecieron a un trabajo de planeación multidisciplinario entre la arquitectura y la ingeniería, no ofrecieron bienestar total a la población beneficiada por cuanto la localización de estos está afectando la economía de los propietarios debido al aumento en tiempos de desplazamiento y en costos ante la búsqueda de soluciones adecuadas y oportunas para la movilidad. Conclusiones: debe mantenerse un trabajo participativo entre profesionales y la comunidad que recibe el proyecto para obtener mayores beneficios.
Promoción de la educación inclusiva e intercultural: estudio de caso en un colegio rural colombiano
Authors: Chavarro-Bermúdez Lizet Johana , Capella-Peris Carlos , Chiva-Bartoll Oscar , Pallarés-Piquer Marc
Published: May 2021

Introducción: debido al fenómeno de globalización actual, cada vez es más necesario aportar una visión inclusiva e intercultural al ámbito educativo. No responder adecuadamente a esta demanda puede provocar situaciones de exclusión, segregación y discriminación del alumnado. El gobierno colombiano ha planteado diferentes acciones para fortalecer este enfoque y evitar dichas problemáticas. No obstante, estas acciones deben ser analizadas en profundidad para evidenciar la promoción de la educación inclusiva e intercultural en las instituciones educativas. Objetivo: el propósito de la investigación es determinar el nivel de conocimiento y ejecución de las prácticas inclusivas e interculturales en el Colegio Llano de Palmas (Colombia). Materiales y métodos: el diseño de investigación se acomete mediante un estudio de caso. La metodología utilizada es cuantitativa descriptiva (Hernández, Fernández & Baptista, 2010), implementando el cuestionario sobre el reconocimiento y aplicabilidad de la competencia inclusiva e intercultural. Resultados: el análisis de datos revela que la educación inclusiva e intercultural apenas se fomenta de forma regular en el centro educativo (10 %), siendo mayoritaria su promoción inadecuada (90 %) mediante una implementación esporádica (49 %), no aplicándose en absoluto (36 %) o desconociendo por completo su estado de desarrollo (5 %). Conclusiones: los resultados obtenidos indican que el conocimiento y la ejecución de prácticas inclusivas e interculturales en el Colegio Llano de Palmas es notablemente mejorable. Esta situación demanda el diseño y aplicación de estrategias específicas de promoción más efectivas, así como el análisis de distintos entornos educativos para determinar la situación actual del país en este sentido.
Aplicaciones de Posicast en el diseño electrónico
Authors: Simancas-García José , Meléndez-Pertuz Farid , Vélez-Zapata Jaime
Published: May 2021

Se presenta una revisión conceptual generalizada de los conformadores de entrada de sistemas de control como herramientas para eliminar vibraciones en la salida de los sistemas. Se desarrollan los diferentes tipos de conformadores como versiones mejoradas de Posicast, el conformador original. Luego se presentan las aplicaciones de Posicast en el desarrollo de sistemas electrónicos, específicamente, en circuitos de potencia y en circuitos microelectrónicos.
La intención y formación emprendedora en programas de administración de empresas
Authors: Zambrano-Vargas Sandra Milena , Chávez-Otálora Alba Matilde , Zambrano-Vargas Yaneth
Published: May 2021

Introducción: las instituciones educativas y en especial las universidades, deben ser instituciones líderes en la formación para el emprendimiento en los jóvenes, sin embargo, diversas variables como la falta de un mayor interés en entender el emprendimiento como una cultura y una mayor planeación en su enseñanza, impide que se comprenda y se analice dicha intención como eje fundamental para predecir los comportamientos empresariales de los estudiantes en el futuro. Objetivo: el presente artículo tiene como propósito analizar la intención emprendedora de los estudiantes de administración de empresas del municipio de Tunja. Materiales y métodos: cualitativa se utiliza un análisis documental en torno a la formación sobre emprendimiento que se imparte en estos programas en Colombia, también se analizan las respuestas a preguntas abiertas realizadas a 245 estudiantes de la carrera en este municipio. Resultados: se encuentra que, a pesar de los esfuerzos realizados en el país, existe un sesgo en la formación, pues muchos de los programas asocian y enseñan el emprendimiento como la formulación de planes de negocios y no como una cultura, pues prevalece la desconexión entre la universidad – empresa–estado, sin hacer un análisis real del contexto. Por su parte, los estudiantes se quejan sobre la manera como sus programas enseñan este tema y la dificultad de llevar a la práctica sus ideas de negocios. Conclusión: es durante la niñez, la adolescencia y la época universitaria el momento ideal para la formación del emprendimiento en los niños y jóvenes.
Environmental gradients predict the ratio of environmentally acquired carotenoids to self-synthesised pteridine pigments
Authors: Stuart-Fox Devi , Rankin Katrina , Lutz Adrian , Elliott Adam , Hugall Andrew , McLean Claire , Medina Iliana
Published: May 2021

Carotenoids are important pigments producing integument coloration;
however, their dietary availability may be limited in some environments.
Many species produce red to yellow hues using a combination of
carotenoids and self-synthesised pteridine pigments. A compelling but
untested hypothesis is that pteridines replace carotenoids in
environments where carotenoid availability is limited. Based on a
phylogenetic comparative analysis of pigment concentrations in agamid
lizards, we show that environmental gradients predict the ratio of
carotenoids to pteridines; carotenoid concentrations are lower and
pteridine concentrations higher in arid environments with low vegetation
productivity. Both carotenoid and pteridine pigments were present in all
species, but only pteridine concentrations explained colour variation
among species and there were no correlations between carotenoid and
pteridine pigments with similar hue. These results suggest that
pteridine pigments replace carotenoids in carotenoid-limited
environments, irrespective of skin hue, presumably because it is
metabolically cheaper to synthesise pteridines than to acquire and
sequester carotenoids when carotenoids are rare.
Common arterial trunk and double aortic arch: a rare association
Authors: Peralta-Santos Henry , Flores-Sarria Iris , Ramírez-Marroquín Edgar , Calderón-Colmenero Juan , Cervantes-Salazar Jorge
Published: May 2021

Background: The association of double aortic arch and common arterial
trunk is extremely rare. The initial surgical approach depends on the
patient’s clinical condition and associated cardiac anomalies. Aim: To
report a rare association of common arterial trunk with double aortic
arch in a 4-month-old female infant. Methods: description of case of a
rare association where double aortic arch was not diagnosed initially,
surgical repair was done successfully. Results and conclusions:
associated cardiovascular anomalies may have an impact on management and
outcome. Magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography may be
useful in assessment of this rare association. Complete repair has
favorable outcome.
To what extent can we achieve mineral bone metabolism treatment targets suggested by KDIGO guidelines among chronic kidney disease stage 3-5 non-dialysis patients?
Authors: Dincer Mevlut Tamer , Ozcan Seyda Gul , Alagoz Selma , Karaca Cebrail , Gulcicek Sibel Hamarat , Trabulus Sinan , Pekpak Meltem , Seyahi Nurhan
Published: May 2021

Background Real-life data on the predialysis management of chronic
kidney disease (CKD) is scarce. We aimed to investigate the current
clinical practice and compliance among nephrologists with KDIGO CKD
mineral bone disorders (MBD) guidelines. Methods We performed a
multicenter cross-sectional study. We recruited stage 3-5 non-dialysis
(ND) CKD patients and recorded data related to CKD MBD from two
consecutive outpatient clinical visits apart 3 to 6 months. We
calculated therapeutic inertia for hyperphosphatemia, hypocalcemia,
hyperparathyroidism, and hypovitaminosis D and overtreatment for
hypophosphatemia, hypercalcemia, hypoparathyroidism, and
hypervitaminosis D. Results We examined a total of 302 patients (male:
48.7%, median age: 67 years). The persistence of low 25-OH vitamin D
levels (61.7%) was the most common laboratory abnormality related to
CKD-MBD, followed by hyperparathyroidism (14.8%), hyperphosphatemia
(7.9%), and hypocalcemia (0.0%). According to our results, therapeutic
inertia seems to be a more common problem than overtreatment for all the
CKD-MBD laboratory parameters that we examined. Therapeutic inertia
frequency was highest for hypovitaminosis D (81.1%), followed by
hypocalcemia (75.0%), hyperparathyroidism (59.0%), and
hyperphosphatemia (30.4%), respectively. Conclusion We found that
CKD-MBD is not optimally managed in CKD stage 3-5 ND patients.
Clinicians should have an active attitude regarding the correction of
MBD even at the earlier stages of CKD.
Structural Stability and Thermodynamic Properties of (Y2O3)n(n=1-15) Clusters Based on Density Functional Theory
Authors: Jiang Xin , Zhang Zhenming , Luo Diqiang , You Jinglin , Lai Chaobin
Published: May 2021

The initial configuration of Yttrium oxide clusters (Y2O3)n(n=1-15) was
creatively constructed by combining artificial bee colony algorithm with
density functional theory. The structures of large and medium-sized
yttrium oxide clusters with molecular number greater than 10 were
established for the first time, and many new structures that are
different from existing research have been obtained. The average binding
energy, second-order difference energy, HOMO-LUMO gap, density of states
and other properties of the clusters were analyzed. The thermodynamic
properties and behavior of nano yttrium oxide clusters at different
temperatures and sizes were discussed. Studies have shown that for
small-sized clusters, the atomic stacking structure is cage-like, while
for medium-sized and large-sized clusters, the composite trapezoidal
structure and ellipsoid-like structure are more stable. The nanoclusters
tend to be stable as a whole, and the relative stability of the cluster
structure is higher when n = 2,4,7,9. The effect of yttrium oxygen
atomic orbital on bonding is analyzed. The heat capacity (Cp), enthalpy
change (H) and entropy (S) of (Y2O3)n (n=1-15) clusters increase with
the increase of temperature (T), and the vibration free energy (Gv)
decreases with the increase of T. The stability of the clusters changes
in the temperature range of 300K-500K.
Evaluating the Impact of Remittances on Human Capital Investment in the Kyrgyz Republic
Authors: Gao Xin , Kikkawa Aiko , Kang Jong Woo
Published: May 2021

Remittances from overseas can encourage human capital investment, but empirical studies have shown mixed evidence. This paper uses a 5-year panel dataset in the Kyrgyz Republic to examine the impact of remittances on the human capital formation of school-age children. After correcting for endogeneities with instrumental variables, the study finds that remittances have negative impacts on educational achievement. Extended hours of farm labor by children and increased expenditure on durable goods are identified among recipient households. To mitigate negative effects of remittances on children’s learning, the findings call for actions such as financial literacy education and better monitoring of farm labor hours of school-age children.
The Case of Undetected Fraud: Can Audit Firm Policies or Highlighting the Fraud Examiner's Role Reduce Juror Assessments of Auditor Negligence?
Authors: Brazel Joseph F. , Gimbar Christine , Schaefer Tammie J.
Published: May 2021

This study explores two potential safeguards against liability when auditors exercise professional skepticism, but do not detect a fraud: (1) a firm policy requiring a specific level of professional skepticism in high-risk audit areas, and (2) providing jurors with key differences between the role of a fraud examiner and the role of an auditor as a reference point for judging the auditor's performance. We find that describing a specific firm policy to jurors does not significantly decrease negligence findings for auditors who do not detect a fraud. However, providing the role of a fraud examiner as a reference point (e.g., scope of work, testing approaches) does significantly decrease negligence findings. Encouragingly, we also find some evidence that jurors are apt to decrease negligence findings when auditors exercise higher skepticism, but ultimately do not detect a fraud.

Data Availability: Contact the authors.
Associations of Systolic Blood Pressure and Diastolic Blood Pressure With the Incidence of Coronary Artery Disease or Cerebrovascular Disease According to Glucose Status
Authors: Yamada Mayuko Harada , Fujihara Kazuya , Kodama Satoru , Sato Takaaki , Osawa Taeko , Yaguchi Yuta , Yamamoto Masahiko , Kitazawa Masaru , Matsubayashi Yasuhiro , Yamada Takaho , Seida Hiroyasu , Ogawa Wataru , Sone Hirohito
Published: May 2021

OBJECTIVE

To determine associations of systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) with new-onset coronary artery disease (CAD) or cerebrovascular disease (CVD) according to glucose status.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

Examined was a nationwide claims database from 2008 to 2016 on 593,196 individuals. A Cox proportional hazards model identified risks of CAD and CVD events among five levels of SBP and DBP.

RESULTS

During the study period 2,240 CAD and 3,207 CVD events occurred. Compared with SBP ≤119 mmHg, which was the lowest quintile of SBP, hazard ratios (95% CI) for CAD/CVD in the 4 higher quintiles (120–129, 130–139, 140–149, ≥150 mmHg) gradually increased from 2.10 (1.73–2.56)/1.46 (1.27–1.68) in quintile 2 to 3.21 (2.37–4.34)/4.76 (3.94–5.75) in quintile 5 for normoglycemia, from 1.39 (1.14–1.69)/1.70 (1.44–2.01) in quintile 2 to 2.52 (1.95–3.26)/4.12 (3.38–5.02) in quintile 5 for borderline glycemia, and from 1.50 (1.19–1.90)/1.72 (1.31–2.26) in quintile 2 to 2.52 (1.95–3.26)/3.54 (2.66–4.70) in quintile 5 for diabetes. A similar trend was observed for DBP across 4 quintiles (75–79, 80–84, 85–89, and ≥90 mmHg) compared with ≥74 mmHg, which was the lowest quintile.

CONCLUSIONS

Results indicated that cardiovascular risks gradually increased with increases in SBP and DBP regardless of the presence of and degree of a glucose abnormality. Further interventional trials are required to apply findings from this cohort study to clinical practice.
Associations of Time in Range and Other Continuous Glucose Monitoring–Derived Metrics With Well-Being and Patient-Reported Outcomes: Overview and Trends
Authors: Ehrmann Dominic , Priesterroth Lilli , Schmitt Andreas , Kulzer Bernhard , Hermanns Norbert
Published: May 2021

Time in glucose ranges is increasingly relevant for research and clinical practice. Whereas the clinical validity of these metrics has been demonstrated with regard to long-term complications, their associations with patient-reported outcomes such as well-being, diabetes distress, and fear of hypoglycemia remain an open research question. This article reviews existing evidence on links between times in glycemic ranges and patient-reported outcomes. It also describes a novel research approach of using ecological momentary assessment to analyze on a more granular level in real time possible associations of these parameters of glycemic control and patient-reported outcomes. Such an approach could further our understanding of how glucose and patient-reported outcomes may be interconnected.
Tutkimusaineistojen ja -menetelmien avoimuus Korkeakoulu- ja tutkimusyhteisön kansallinen linjaus ja toimenpideohjelma 2021–2025 Osalinjaus 1 Tutkimusdatan avoin saatavuus
Authors: Avoimen tieteen ja tutkimuksen koordinaatio  , Nykyri Susanna , Päällysaho Seliina , Rosti Tomi , Sunikka Anne , Neuvonen Anssi , Kuusniemi Mari Elisa
Published: May 2021

Tämä tutkimusaineistojen ja -menetelmien avoimen saatavuuden linjaus koostuu koko linjaukselle yhteisistä strategisista periaatteista sekä kahdesta osalinjauksesta, joissa määritellään tavoitteita ja toimenpiteitä kullekin osa-alueelle. Strategisissa periaatteissa määritellään yleiset reunaehdot tutkimusaineistojen ja -menetelmien avoimen saatavuuden tavoittelulle. Ne sanoittavat tutkimusyhteisölle tärkeitä periaatteita, joista on pidettävä kiinni avoimuutta toteutettaessa.
Antibiotic Resistance of Typhoidal Salmonella Isolated from Humans in Kaduna and its Associated Factors
Authors: Omotola Justina
Published: May 2021

Background: Pathogenic Salmonella species cause various types of infections ranging from mild gastroenteritis to life- threatening typhoid fever caused by Salmonella typhi , or paratyphoid fever caused by S. paratyphi A, B or C; of which S . paratyphi A is prevalent. Currently, treatment of typhoid infection is being hampered by the emergence of multidrug-resistant strains, while vaccines provide only temporal or partial protection. Objective: The aim of the study was to determine antibiotic resistance of typhoid causing Salmonella isolated from human stool. Methodology: A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out in the capital city of Kaduna State, Nigeria. Questionnaires were administered to 300 consenting individuals; comprising 250 patients and 50 volunteering healthy individuals, to obtain relevant socio demographic and clinical information. Stool specimens were equally collected in sampling containers for isolation of typhoidal Salmonella on Salmonella Shigella Agar. Suspected typhoidal Salmonella colonies were confirmed by biochemical tests as S. typhi or S. paratyphi A, before antimicrobial susceptibility test was done using Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Diameters of zone of inhibitions were recorded and interpreted according to Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines. The data and results obtained were represented on tables and charts. Chi-square analysis was also used to determine statistical association among parameters and p-values ≤ 0.050 were considered significant. Results: Thirty-two (32) typhoidal Salmonella were isolated; 25 were S. typhi and seven S. paratyphi A. Thirty isolates came from patients while two were isolated among healthy individuals. High antibiotic resistance was observed with Augmentin (100%), Ceftazidime (87.5%), Cefuroxime (84.4%), Cefixime (84.4%) and Gentamicin (40.6%), while Ciprofloxacin (12.5%), Nitrofurantoin (12.5%) and Oflaxacin (18.8%) showed a lower resistance. Age, marital status and state of origin were socio demographic factors found to be associated with the antibiotic resistance. Also, frequency of infection, presenting symptoms and sampling duration were statistically associated with the antibiotic resistance. Conclusion: Multi-drug resistance, high antibiotic resistance of typhoidal Salmonella and factors associated with it in this study, should awaken public health concerns in curbing the excesses of typhoidal Salmonella.
Actinotherapy: Highlights on the Pharmaceutical Potentials of Actinomycetes
Authors: WA Elkhateeb
Published: May 2021

Endophytes are microorganisms that are associated with the plant tissues without having any harmful effect on the host plant. Various medicinal plants are valuable sources of endophytic actinobacteria that exhibit high economic impact. The endophytic microbes can synthesis a wide range of novel compounds that found great applications in agricultural, pharmaceutical, as well as other industries. It is noteworthy to focus the current research on valuable applications of these microbial populations that could help in solving many problems related to the environment, agriculture, and health. Moreover, the characterization of different endophytic actinobacteria that are associated with valuable medicinal plants may help understanding plant- endophyte interactions. The current review discusses the diversity of endophytic actinobacteria rich in therapeutic agents that have been known for their medicinal applications.
High Performance no Brasil: Uma Revisão Sistemática
Authors: Torres Luis Fernando , Martins Maria do Carmo Fernandes
Published: May 2021

Este artigo pretende fazer uma revisão narrativo-sistemática, utilizando a recomendação PRISMA, sobre o constructo “alta performance”, traduzido pela grande parte dos autores como “alto desempenho”. A pesquisa em periódicos nacionais publicados entre 2010- 2019 encontrou 319 artigos, mas apenas oito foram incluídos na análise. A revisão apontou que “alta performance” carece de definição por parte das publicações nacionais; alto desempenho tem forte viés para eficiência e eficácia com visão de esforço e tarefa. Busca-se investigar a visão alargada das publicações internacionais sobre performance, como um conjunto de habilidades, conhecimentos, processos e talentos. Percebe-se que os estudos publicados no Brasil adotam métodos de coleta e análise de dados bastante variados, são exploratórios e pouco consensuais acerca do construto performance.
“Fui contratado(a), e agora?”: práticas de socialização e orientação em busca de comprometimento
Authors: Alexandria Karmen Raiany de , Leal Janayna Souto , Soares Neto João Batista
Published: May 2021

Os processos de socialização e orientação envolvem tanto a empresa quanto o colaborador, resultando em comprometimento para alcançar os objetivos estabelecidos. Assim, busca-se analisar como o colaborador percepciona o processo de socialização e orientação aplicados pelas organizações no cenário empresarial pessoense. Metodologicamente, adotou-se uma abordagem qualitativa com uma coleta de dados realizada por um roteiro de entrevista estruturado com nove colaboradores de empresas da cidade de João Pessoa – PB. O método empregado foi da análise de conteúdo. Os resultados identificaram que os processos de socializar e orientar são etapas cruciais para o desenvolvimento do recém-contratado e, consequentemente, da organização.
Interdisciplinary case analysis of budget priorities
Authors: Dubinina Galina A. , Makashina Olga V. , Stepanyan Irina K.
Published: May 2021

The article considers key issues pertaining to budget priorities in social sphere viewed by education practitioners and theorists by means of case-analyses in which students work out the disputable issues and offer possible signposts for the future. The article implies that via the active involvement in the educational activity students obtain the required professional skills as well as competitive advantages in getting prestigious jobs in the financial sphere. Educators, in their turn benefit from interdisciplinary cooperation, which helps to synchronize teachers' efforts for effectively fostering future specialists’ professional skills.
Peptida Antimikrobial Cathelicidin dan Liposom sebagai Pembawa
Authors: Dewi Mayang Kusuma , Chaerunisaa Anis Yohana , Sriwidodo Sriwidodo
Published: May 2021

Peptida antimikrobial (PAM) dalam beberapa tahun terakhir telah menarik perhatian di kalangan ilmuwan, profesional kesehatan, dan perusahaan farmasi karena potensi terapeutiknya yang sangat luas. Cathelicidin merupakan salah satu kelompok dari PAM dengan berat molekul rendah yang mempunyai berbagai aktivitas biologis pada rentang terapi tertentu yang berfungsi sebagai antimikrobial, antivirus, dan antijamur, serta dapat memodulasi sistem imum terhadap infeksi bakteri (gram positif dan gram negatif). Walaupun menarik untuk aplikasi klinis, cathelicidin memiliki keterbatasan dalam hal stabilitas dan aktivitasnya secara in-vivo, serta interaksi non-spesifik dengan membran biologis inang yang mengarah pada efek sitotoksik yang merugikan. Enkapsulasi cathelicidin dapat mengakibatkan penurunan sitotoksisitas, meningkatkan stabilitas dan aktivitas biologisnya. Keterbatasan cathelicidin dapat diatasi dengan mengenkapsulasi cathelicidin dalam pembawa lipid seperti liposom. Review ini bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran singkat mengenai struktur, sifat, fungsi, uji klinis, dan keterbatasan dari cathelicidin yang mana keterbatasan cathelicidin ini dapat di atasi dengan pembawa vesikular salah satunya adalah liposom. Liposom merupakan pembawa vesikular generasi pertama yang bersifat non-toksik, biodegradable, biokompatibel, dan stabil dalam larutan koloid sistem penghantaran obat. Sistem liposom dapat melindungi peptida yang dienkapsulasi dari degradasi protease. Selain itu, pembawa liposom disajikan sebagai alternatif yang menjanjikan untuk mengoptimalkan pemberian cathelicidin dalam hal dosis, pola pengiriman, dan keamanan.
Avaliação institucional na Educação Superior brasileira: uma análise dos instrumentos para oferta de cursos a distância
Authors: Freire Flávia Magalhães , Lima Daniela Da Costa Britto Pereira , Borges Leila Cristina
Published: May 2021

O presente artigo busca analisar os instrumentos de credenciamento e recredenciamento institucional e de credenciamento de polo de cursos a distância em seus aspectos avaliativos considerando os estudos teóricos de Almerindo Janela Afonso, José Dias Sobrinho e Daniela da Costa Britto Pereira Lima. O intuito é verificar o enfoque dado pelo governo sobre a avaliação da educação a distância, destacando suas características, tendências e possíveis induções. Para seu desenvolvimento foram utilizadas pesquisa bibliográfica e documental. O recorte temporal engloba o período de 2014 a 2018. Conclui-se que os instrumentos são mecanismos de uma política majoritariamente regulatória para a educação a distância, com baixa ênfase na metodologia e comunicação (características importantes a serem consideradas a fim de ofertar cursos na modalidade educação a distância com qualidade) e, por consequência, em uma avaliação formativa.
Formas de participación durante el prácticum en una comunidad de aula como oportunidades de aprendizaje de la profesión de maestro
Authors: Toledo Fierro Bárbara Camila , Mauri Teresa
Published: May 2021

Este artículo presenta algunos de los resultados de una investigación centrada en conocer las formas de participación conjunta de una maestra practicante y una maestra tutora en una comunidad de aula durante el prácticum. La investigación se inscribe en una perspectiva sociocultural del aprendizaje entendido como participación. La metodología corresponde a un estudio de caso único conformado por una maestra de Educación Infantil, dieciocho alumnos y una estudiante de prácticum. Se analizan quince jornadas de aula distribuidas a lo largo de un semestre escolar.  Los resultados permiten identificar nueve formas de participación conjunta diferentes, presentes durante el prácticum, que para la estudiante en prácticas representan grados variados de implicación y co-responsabilidad en dicha comunidad de aula. La distribución de las diferentes formas de participación a lo largo del prácticum no sigue, como cabría esperar, una tendencia creciente, de menos a más participación por parte de la practicante, sino que muestra oscilaciones importantes que comportan avances y retrocesos en el grado de implicación en las tareas del aula, incluso en aquellas en las que ya había logrado cotas de implicación elevadas. Dichas oscilaciones se explican de acuerdo a aspectos concretos de la práctica sociocultural del aula en la cual ocurren.
El tutor de prácticas y su influencia en la formación de profesionales en los Grados de Educación
Authors: Palomares Ruiz Ascensión , Alarcón Palomares María del Carmen , Martín García Inés
Published: May 2021

Actualmente, los problemas educativos ocupan un papel fundamental de reflexión social, por lo resulta preciso potenciar el conocimiento y conseguir una educación obligatoria de calidad que garantice los derechos humanos, la igualdad entre los géneros, la promoción de una cultura de paz y no violencia, la ciudadanía mundial, la valoración de la diversidad cultural y de la contribución de la cultura al desarrollo sostenible. Todo ello, exige un importante cambio en la formación inicial y continua, con valores y emprendimiento inteligente. Esta investigación se ha desarrollado en las titulaciones de Grado en la Facultad de Educación de Albacete, y de Pedagogía y Educación Social del Centro Asociado de la UNED, durante los cursos 2015-16 y 2016-17. El principal objetivo se ha centrado como apoyo y potenciación de la docencia, para optimizar la formación de los Maestros, los Pedagogos y los Educadores Sociales, y poder enriquecerla con las aportaciones de mejora y las evaluaciones que realizan todos los intervinientes en el proceso formativo (alumnado, profesionales colaboradores, profesorado, instituciones, etc.). Los resultados muestran que los tutores (profesionales colaboradores) valoran la utilidad de las prácticas profesionales en la formación de los Grados, estimando que son fundamentales, para establecer un acercamiento y proporcionar un aprendizaje que no se produce en la Facultad a nivel teórico. Acerca de la duración del periodo de prácticas se valora que la duración estipulada debería ampliarse. Como conclusión más significativa resulta preciso subrayar la falta de consideración y reconocimiento académico de las prácticas profesionales, así como la insuficiente relación entre la teoría y la práctica, en la formación de los profesionales estudiados, como aspectos destacados por todos los participantes en la investigación.
Investigation of the effects of excessive tibial plateau angle and changes in load on ligament tensile forces in the stifle joints of dogs
Authors: Ichinohe Tom , Yamakawa Satoshi , Shimada Masakazu , Kanno Nobuo , Fujita Yukihiro , Harada Yasuji , Fujie Hiromichi , Hara Yasushi
Published: May 2021

OBJECTIVE

To investigate the effect of an excessive tibial plateau angle (TPA) and change in compressive load on tensile forces experienced by the cranial cruciate, medial collateral, and lateral collateral ligaments (CCL, MCL, and LCL, respectively) of canine stifle joints.

SAMPLE

16 cadaveric stifle joints from 16 orthopedically normal Beagles.

PROCEDURES

Stifle joints were categorized into unchanged (mean TPA, 30.4°) and excessive (mean TPA before and after modification, 31.2° and 41.1°, respectively) TPA groups. The excessive TPA group underwent a TPA-increasing procedure (curvilinear osteotomy of the proximal aspect of the tibia) to achieve the desired TPA. A robotic system was used to apply a 30- and 60-N compressive load to specimens. The craniomedial band of the CCL, caudolateral band of the CCL, MCL, and LCL were sequentially transected; load application was repeated after each transection. Orthogonal force components were measured in situ. Forces on ligaments were calculated after repeated output force measurements as the contribution of each component was eliminated.

RESULTS

Increasing the compressive load increased tensile forces on the craniomedial and caudolateral bands of the CCL, but not on the MCL or LCL, in specimens of both groups. At the 60-N load, tensile force on the craniomedial band, but not other ligaments, was greater for the excessive TPA group than for the unchanged TPA group.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Results indicated that stress on the CCL may increase when the compressive load increases. The TPA-increasing procedure resulted in increased tensile force on the CCL at a 60-N compressive load without affecting forces on the MCL or LCL.
Effect of epitendinous suture caliber on the tensile strength of repaired canine flexor tendons
Authors: Duffy Daniel J. , Chang Yi-Jen , Fisher Matthew B. , Chambers Aidan R. , Moore George E.
Published: May 2021

OBJECTIVE

To determine the effect of epitendinous suture (ES) caliber on the tensile strength of flexor tendon repairs in cadaveric specimens from dogs.

SAMPLE

60 cadaveric superficial digital flexor tendons (SDFTs) from 30 skeletally mature dogs.

PROCEDURES

Specimens were randomly assigned to 5 suture caliber groups (n = 12 SDFTs/group). After sharp transection, SDFTs were repaired by placement of a simple continuous circumferential ES created with size-0, 2-0, 3-0, 4-0, or 5-0 polypropylene suture. Constructs were preloaded to 2 N and load tested to failure. Loads at yield, peak, and failure and mode of failure were compared among groups by statistical methods.

RESULTS

Yield, peak, and failure loads for SDFT repair constructs were positively correlated with ES caliber and did not differ between the size-0 and 2-0 groups on pairwise comparisons. Yield load was significantly greater for size-0, 2-0, and 3-0 groups than for the 4-0 and 5-0 groups. Peak and failure loads were significantly greater for the size-0 and 2-0 groups than for the remaining groups. Most size-0 (12/12), 2-0 (12/12), and 3-0 (10/12) group constructs failed because of ES pull-through; several constructs in the 4-0 group (5/12) and most in the 5-0 group (11/12) failed because of ES breakage.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Results suggested size-0 and 2-0 sutures should be considered when placing an ES for flexor tendon repairs in dogs. However, in vivo studies are needed determine the effects of increasing ES caliber on clinical outcomes for dogs undergoing these procedures.
Value Creation of Real Estate Company Spin-off Property Service Company Listing
Authors: Yang Zhang , Yumeng Zhu , Wang Zhiruo , Jie Sun , Chengliang Wu
Published: May 2021

The paper took 12 groups of parent companies and subsidiaries as the samples, in which the property service companies, spun from the real estate companies, have successfully on the capital market. The research showed that the average abnormal return (AAR) of real estate companies’ stocks was positive on the first announcement date of possible spin-off listing, while the cumulative average abnormal return (CAAR) remained positive for 21 days during the (–11, 9) days around the first announcement of possible spin-off and listing. Further, the changes in operating performance of real estate companies and property service companies were analysed after the successful spin-off for 3 consecutive years, compared with the year before the spin-off and listing. The results showed that after the spin-off and listing, real estate companies and property service companies have greatly improved their performance. Therefore, the fact that real estate companies spun off property service companies created positive values for shareholders.