bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Socializing Minds, Socializing Bodies: Implications of a View to the Bodily Side of Lenz’s Spinozist Theory of Mind
Authors: Blättler Andrea Carmen
Published: December 2023

Martin Lenz introduces Spinoza to us as a bundle theorist of mind, for whom there cannot be a single finite mind. Since Spinoza conceives of the mind as the idea of the body, a reinterpretation of his theory of mind will have a bodily concurrence. As a corporeal interlude to Lenz’ Spinozist theory of mind, I enquire what follows for the latter if one takes into account more explicitly the structural complexity of the attribute of extension, expressing itself in the plurality and variability of bodies. While Lenz reads Spinoza through a lens of intersubjectivity and parallelism, my reflection leads to the consideration that the plurality and variability of bodies might call for a transindividual rather than an intersubjective account and for conceiving of body and mind as equal rather than parallel. That this complicates Lenz’ account of the identity of the mind over time is an avail rather than a problem. It invites developing Lenz’ reading beyond what the context of his book allows, helping us to navigate the intricate dynamics in which we strive for our bodies to become more capable, our minds more eternal.
Evaluación fenólica y antioxidante en madera de Prosopis laevigata y corteza de Acrocarpus fraxinifolius
Authors: Ibarra-Berumen Jorge , Ordaz-Pichardo Cynthia , Rosales-Castro Martha
Published: December 2023

Durante el aprovechamiento forestal de las especies Prosopis laevigata (mezquite) y Acrocarpus fraxinifolius (cedro rosado) se generan productos de desecho, tanto de madera como de corteza. Este material contiene metabolitos secundarios como los compuestos fenólicos, con potencial en áreas farmacéuticas. Este trabajo tuvo como objetivo obtener extractos de madera de P. laevigata y corteza de A. fraxinifolius, mediante diferentes disolventes de extracción y distintas temperaturas, con el fin de encontrar las condiciones para obtener el mayor rendimiento, la mayor cantidad de fenoles, flavonoides y proantocianidinas, y su capacidad antioxidante evaluadas in vitro mediante FRAP, ABTS y poder reductivo. Se muestra la importancia del rendimiento de extracto cuando se expresan los resultados con base en material vegetal. Se identificaron sus compuestos fenólicos mediante UPLC/MS. En madera de P. laevigata las mejores condiciones de extracción fueron con acetato de etilo a 60 °C para resultados con base en extracto seco, y etanol 70% y 60 °C, para resultados base madera; sus principales compuestos fueron catequina, taxifolina, eriodictol y ácido protocatéquico. En corteza de A. fraxinifolius, el etanol 70% y temperaturas de 50 °C y 60 °C favorecieron el aumento de compuestos fenólicos y la capacidad antioxidante. Los principales compuestos identificados fueron ácido gálico, taxifolina, luteolina, apigenina y catequina. Los resultados brindan información sobre el uso de la madera de P. laevigata, hasta ahora inexplorada como fuente de compuestos fenólicos con potenciales aplicaciones en áreas farmacológicas, y sobre condiciones de extracción para mejorar la concentración de compuestos fenólicos en la corteza de A. fraxinifolius.
Patient Portal Use and Risk of Readmissions in Decompensated Cirrhosis: Retrospective Study (Preprint)
Authors: Louissaint Jeremy , Gibbs Jeffrey , Shenoy Abhishek , Cohen-Mekelburg Shirley , Lok Anna , Tapper Elliot
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND

Patient portals are a common electronic medical record tool that allow for the asynchronous exchange of health information between patients and their health care teams. Patients can leverage patient portals to perform tasks such as viewing test results, reviewing clinical notes, and messaging their health care team. The impact of patient portal use on clinical outcomes in cirrhosis is unknown.

OBJECTIVE

In this study, we evaluated the relationship between patient portal use patterns and readmissions in cirrhosis.

METHODS

We identified 131 patients with decompensated cirrhosis with an index cirrhosis-related admission between May 1, 2018, and May 1, 2019. We then examined patient portal enrollment and use data during the 6-month period preceding the study period. Portal functions evaluated included sending a message, reading a message, and reading a test result. Use was categorized as active (sending a message) and passive (reading a message or test result) and was further stratified as no, moderate, or frequent use based on the frequency of portal function use compared to the mean. The primary outcomes were 90-day and overall readmissions, adjusted for age, model for end-stage liver disease–sodium, alcohol-related cirrhosis etiology, ascites, and hepatic encephalopathy. Portal functions assessed included sending a message, reading a message, and reading a result; the total number of times a portal function was performed was divided by the number of months the patient was enrolled in the patient portal during the 6-month period.

RESULTS

The study population was 50.4% (66/131) female, with a mean age of 58 years. Enrollment in the patient portal was 63.4% (83/131), and there was no significant difference in enrollment based on clinical or demographic characteristics. For the entire cohort, 14.5% (19/131) and 22.1% (29/131) of patients were moderate and frequent active users, respectively. Of those enrolled in the patient portal, 97.6% (81/83) of patients were moderate or frequent passive users for both reading a message and reading a test result. Moderate active users had less 90-day readmissions (odds ratio 0.77, 95% CI 0.60-1.00) and overall readmissions (subdistribution hazard ratio 0.42, 95% CI 0.21-0.84), compared to nonactive users. There was no relationship between readmissions and passive use.

CONCLUSIONS

Passive use of the patient portal is very high but is not associated with the risk of readmissions in people with decompensated cirrhosis. However, moderately active use of the patient portal is associated with a reduced risk of readmissions. Further work is needed to identify possible confounders and refine key use behaviors that may be protective with regard to the risk of readmission in this population.
Factors Associated With Levels of Public Engagement in Protective Behaviors During the Early COVID-19 Pandemic: Causal-Comparative Study Based on the Health Belief Model (Preprint)
Authors: Tang Chia-Chun , Chen Hsi , Tsai Shao-Yu , Wu Wei-Wen
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND

While the challenges of COVID-19 are still unfolding, the enhancement of protective behavior remains a top priority in global health care. However, current behavior-promoting strategies may be inefficient without first identifying the individuals with lower engagement in protective behavior and the associating factors.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to identify individuals with and potential contributing factors to low engagement in protective behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic.

METHODS

This is a causal-comparative study. A theory-based web-based survey was used to investigate individuals’ protective behavior and potential associating factors. During June 2020, the distribution of the survey was targeted to 3 areas: Taiwan, Japan, and North America. Based on the theory of the health belief model (HBM), the survey collected participants’ various perceptions toward COVID-19 and a collection of protective behaviors. In addition to the descriptive analysis, cluster analysis, ANOVA, and Fisher exact and chi-square tests were used.

RESULTS

A total of 384 responses were analyzed. More than half of the respondents lived in Taiwan, followed by Japan, then North America. The respondents were grouped into 3 clusters according to their engagement level in all protective behaviors. These 3 clusters were significantly different from each other in terms of the participants’ sex, residency, perceived barriers, self-efficacy, and cues of action.

CONCLUSIONS

This study used an HBM-based questionnaire to assess protective behaviors against COVID-19 and the associated factors across multiple countries. The findings indicate significant differences in various HBM concepts among individuals with varying levels of behavioral engagement.
Correction: Expectations of Tele-Yoga in Persons With Long-Term Illness: Qualitative Content Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Hedbom Towe , Liljeroos Maria , Thylén Ingela , Orwelius Lotti , Jaarsma Tiny , Strömberg Anna
Published: December 2023

UNSTRUCTURED
Claims-Based Algorithm to Identify Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Indications for Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate and Emtricitabine Prescriptions (2012-2014): Validation Study (Preprint)
Authors: Sullivan Patrick Sean , Mera-Giler Robertino M , Bush Staci , Shvachko Valentina , Sarkodie Eleanor , O'Farrell Daniel , Dubose Stephanie , Magnuson David
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND

To monitor the use of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate and emtricitabine (TDF/FTC) and related medicines for pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) as HIV prevention using commercial pharmacy data, it is necessary to determine whether TDF/FTC prescriptions are used for PrEP or for some other clinical indication.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to validate an algorithm to distinguish the use of TDF/FTC for HIV prevention or infectious disease treatment.

METHODS

An algorithm was developed to identify whether TDF/FTC prescriptions were for PrEP or for other indications from large-scale administrative databases. The algorithm identifies TDF/FTC prescriptions and then excludes patients with International Classification of Diseases (ICD)–9 diagnostic codes, medications, or procedures that suggest indications other than for PrEP (eg, documentation of HIV infection, chronic hepatitis B, or use of TDF/FTC for postexposure prophylaxis). For evaluation, we collected data by clinician assessment of medical records for patients with TDF/FTC prescriptions and compared the assessed indication identified by the clinician review with the assessed indication identified by the algorithm. The algorithm was then applied and evaluated in a large, urban, community-based sexual health clinic.

RESULTS

The PrEP algorithm demonstrated high sensitivity and moderate specificity (99.6% and 49.6%) in the electronic medical record database and high sensitivity and specificity (99% and 87%) in data from the urban community health clinic.

CONCLUSIONS

The PrEP algorithm classified the indication for PrEP in most patients treated with TDF/FTC with sufficient accuracy to be useful for surveillance purposes. The methods described can serve as a basis for developing a robust and evolving case definition for antiretroviral prescriptions for HIV prevention purposes.
DETERMINATION OF TOXIC HEAVY METALS IN CHOLIC ACID USING QUADRUPOLE INDUCTIVELY COUPLED PLASMA MASS SPECTROMETRY
Authors: Kumar Thakar Meet , Vaishali Suthar , Jateen Sheth , Pulidindi Indra Neel , PANKAJ SHARMA
Published: December 2023

Objective: The information on the presence of toxic heavy metals in pharmaceutical starting materials and finished product is very crucial from the viewpoint of human life and its hazardous impact on the worldwide environment. The present work deals with the detailed quantification of the toxic heavy metals, namely, V, Co, Ni, Cd, Hg, Pb, and As, present in colic acid using quadrupole inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (Q-ICPMS) with prior microwave-assisted digestion. Moreover, the preliminary characterization of commercially available cholic acid by FT-IR, NMR (1H and 13C), SEM-EDAX has also been carried out.
Methods: Cholic acid of synthesis grade, Nitric acid (65%) AR. grade, ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid sodium salt AR grade, and certified reference metal stock standard solutions (1000 mg/L) of multiple elements prepared in 2–3% HNO3 of analytical grade were purchased from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). All the samples were treated with nitric acid and microwave-assisted digestion. For the accurate determination of the elemental amount, various digested solutions and post-digestion diluents were tested. The linearity, accuracy, precision, limit of detection (LOD), and limit of quantification (LOQ) of the analytical technique were evaluated in accordance with the United States Pharmacopoeia 233 standard.
Results and Discussion: The Q-ICPMS-based analytical method was validated for specificity, LOD, LOQ, linearity, accuracy, precision, and uncertainty. The estimated detection limits of the toxic heavy metals in cholic acid were in the range 2–180 μg/L. The quantification limits were in the range of 1.5–60 μg/L. Mean recoveries±standard deviations at different spiking levels were in the range 75.3±2.1–104.9±8.5%. The coefficients of variation were in the range of 0.5–8.1%.
Conclusion: The precision of the analytical method, in terms of relative standard deviation, was below 1.95%. The uncertainty in the quantification of all the validated elements was found to be ≤1.70% for Sample 1.
A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY TO ASSESS THE KNOWLEDGE ATTITUDE PRACTICE OF PHARMACOVIGILANCE AMONG THE DENTISTS IN AN INDIAN TERTIARY CARE TEACHING DENTAL HOSPITAL IN SOUTH INDIA
Authors: Pokala Naveen , Sayeli VijayKumar , Rayam Sriharsha
Published: December 2023

Objectives: The objectives of the study are to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) about pharmacovigilance in interns, postgraduates, and faculty in a tertiary care teaching dental hospital.
Methods: A self-governed KAP survey questionnaire was conducted among interns, postgraduates, and faculty in a tertiary care teaching dental hospital. The KAP questionnaire consists of a total of 20 questions about pharmacovigilance.
Results: A total of 58 interns, 26 postgraduates, and 42 faculties have participated in this study. Question 1 inquired about the definition of pharmacovigilance and 31 (53.45%) interns, 20 (76.92%) postgraduates, and 34 (80.95%) faculty were given correct responses. Question 11 queried about the WHO online database for reporting adverse drug reactions (ADRs). Response rates for Question 11 from interns were 20 (34.48%), postgraduates were 15 (57.69%), and faculty was 26 (61.90%). Question 20 quizzed regarding training on how to report ADRs in which 22 (37.93%) interns, 24 (92.30%) postgraduates, and 42 (100%) faculty stated that they were trained on how to report ADR.
Conclusion: The majority of interns, postgraduates, and faculty had good knowledge, attitude, and practice about pharmacovigilance. Comparatively, faculty had more knowledge, attitude, and practice about pharmacovigilance among interns, postgraduates, and faculty. Prime reasons for underreporting ADR were a shortage of time to report and the difficulty to conclude whether ADR has occurred or not.
ORBITAL COMPLICATIONS OF SINUSITIS–RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS
Authors: KUMAR B AJAY , N SUHASINI , M Harini
Published: December 2023

Objective: The objective of this study is to consider and analyze patients who were treated for these complications in the last 2 years in our hospital, comparing with another 2 tertiary care hospitals.
Methods: It is a retrospective study. Out of the total number of ear, nose, and throat ENT cases attending our outpatient department, cases treated in the hospital with rhinosinusitis where surgical intervention is necessary, or those with a suspicion of complications. Between 2017 and 2019, there were 25 cases from three tertiary care hospitals, the clinical charts of which were reviewed. Consent has been taken from all the participants. The cases that are excluded from this study are those involving soft tissues, bone, and with intracranial complications. The diagnoses were determined based on history, anterior rhinoscopy, radiological imaging of the paranasal sinuses (X-ray), or computed tomography scan taken where there was a suspicion of a complication. In all cases, intensive treatment was initiated with a combination of cephalosporins and aminoglycosides and nasal irrigation with saline sprays.
Results: In our study, in GITAM Institute of Medical Sciences and Research we encountered 6 cases the average time that patients remained in hospital was 4–5 days; for those with orbital complications this was 7 days. Similarly in other two tertiary care hospitals Andhra Medical College Visakhapatnam encountered around 15 cases and Konaseema Institute of Medical Science, Amalapuram, encountered 4 cases total constituting of 25 cases.
Conclusion: The appearance of edema in the corner of the eye should be evaluated immediately, and the means to exclude acute sinusitis should be taken under serious consideration. Early diagnosis and aggressive treatment are important steps to be taken to avoid orbital complications like loss of vision.
COMPARISON OF SATISFACTION AND OUTCOME OF PPIUCD AND INTERVAL IUCD AT A TERTIARY CARE CENTER IN WESTERN RAJASTHAN
Authors: Bharia Monika , Jakhar Rekha , Choudhary Ankita , Vishnoi Nirmla
Published: December 2023

Objectives: A prospective study is to compare satisfaction and outcome of post-placental intrauterine device (PPIUCD) and interval intrauterine device (IUCD) at a tertiary care center in western Rajasthan.
Methods: This is an observational study on 150 women of reproductive age group (19–45 years) who had been inserted with copper-T 380A in postpartum period and within 6 weeks of delivery between July 21 and June 22, done at department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Dr. S. N. Medical College, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India. Women were categorized into Group A (postpartum IUCD) and Group B (interval IUCD). In Group A, the Cu-T-380-A was inserted intrauterine in postpartum period. In group B, CuT-380-A was inserted after 4–6 weeks of delivery by withdrawal technique.
Results: The risk of other complications such as bleeding, pain in lower abdomen, and infection is relatively high in interval IUCD insertion as compared to PPIUCD insertion (p>0.05). The removal rate for bleeding and/or pain was found to be lower in PPIUCD group. Expulsion rate for group A (PPIUCD) was 6% and 2.66% in group B (p=0.257). Of total 13 removal, in group A, maximum 9 (69.23%) were removed at 6 months and 4 (30.77%) were removed at 6 weeks. Of total 16 removal, in group B, 13 (81.25%) were removed at 6 months and 3 (18.75%) were removed at 6 weeks. (0.752). Satisfaction rate for group A (PPIUCD) was 88.67% and 88% in group B.
Conclusion: PPIUCD insertion is equally effective and safe method of contraception as interval IUCD insertion with lower incidence of side effects.
MICROWAVE-MEDIATED EXTRACTION OF LANTANA CAMARA (L) WITH COW URINE
Authors: SHIRPURKAR YASHIKA , S VENKATESAN JAYAKUMAR
Published: December 2023

Objective: There are approximately 150 species of perennial blooming plants in the Verbenaceae family, which includes Lantana camara (L). The instantaneous preparation of the cow urine extract in the microwave, followed by the partition process of making different solvent crude extracts, and subsequent investigation of the biological efficacy against bacterial strains Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhimurium, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli by disk diffusion method, constitutes the main goals. Additionally, thin-layer chromatography (TLC), IR, and phytochemical studies will be used to analyze the contents of the phytochemicals.
Methods: The development of a plant profile comprises authentication, collecting, synthesis of a cow urine extract, and biological analysis. Phytochemical, TLC, and IR spectral methods were used to validate the presence of phytoconstituents in the solvent crude extracts.
Results: It is shown that microwave method improves the yield when compared to cold percolation method and the maximum zone of inhibition shown by the crude extract is compared to standard and control. Among the three extracts, chloroform extract displayed promising inhibitory action against four bacterial strains. Further IR spectra absorption peaks provide evidence of the kind of functional groups present.
Conclusion: The current novel research demonstrates that an efficient way for producing bioactive extract in short time and with a higher yield is due to the combination of microwave irradiation with cow urine. In vitro screening of crude extracts of the leaf of the plant shows promising activity against bacterial strains and thus suggests its application in drug discovery research.
FUNCTIONAL AND RADIOLOGICAL OUTCOME OF DIFFERENT PINNING CONFIGURATION (CROSS PINNING VERSUS DIVERGENT PINNING) IN FIXATION OF EXTRA-ARTICULAR FRACTURE OF DISTAL ENDRADIUS IN ELDERLY PATIENTS
Authors: SAIYAM SHAILENDRA , UIKEY KISHOR , BHALAVI MONA , DAYA MORIN JOY
Published: December 2023

Objective: The objective of the study is to compare the functional and radiological outcomes of different pinning configuration (cross pinning versus divergent pinning) in the fixation of extra-articular fracture of distal end radius in elderly patients.
Methods: An observational prospective study was conducted at Sri Aurobindo Medical College and PG Institute, Indore, MP, from December 2019 to May 2021. After the approval of the Institutional Ethics Committee, informed consent was obtained from the 40 elderly patients of the both sex in the age group of more than 50 years with closed fracture. 20 Patients were subjected to divergent pinning and 20 patients were subjected to cross pinning. Regular follow-up with the X-ray imaging.
Results: Statistically no significant difference was found in palmar tilt, radial shortening, and loss of radial deviation. Mayo wrist score compare between the two groups. The result showing the functional outcome of configuration B (cross-pinning) is better than that of configuration A (divergent pinning). The only significant complication is pin migration, pin site infection, and stiffness. Pin tract infections are resolved by oral antibiotics, good pin tract care and wrist stiffness treated with vigorous physiotherapy.
Conclusion: Cross pinning had better functional and radiological outcome as compared to the divergent pinning in extra-articular fracture of the distal end of the radius. The percutaneous pinning technique is less time-consuming and allows earlier rehabilitation without jeopardizing the fracture alignment.
BIOCHEMICAL EVALUATION OF INDUS VIVA I PULSE NATURAL AYURVEDIC SYRUP AND IT’S IN SILICO – INTERACTION ANALYSIS
Authors: MOHAMED AHADU SHAREEF TH  , MOHAMED DIVAN MASOOD M  , IRFAN NAVABSHAN
Published: December 2023

Objectives: In developing countries like India, diabetes mellitus and human bone cancer are progressively increasing which is global encumbrance. The objective of the study is to find out the phytoconstituents of Indus Viva I Pulse health drink extract that has undergone classical chemical characterization, molecular docking, anti-diabetic, anticancer, antibacterial and antifungal studies used as traditional and complementary medicine. The study aimed to evaluate the Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS), High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), Liquid Chromatography–High Resolution Mass Spectrometry (LC-HRMS), anticancer, antidiabetic and spectral studies that are used to disclose phytochemicals and their medicinal properties.
Methods: Infrared (IR), Ultraviolet (UV), 1H-NMR spectroscopic methods, GC-MS, HPLC and LC-HRMS instrumental detections were employed. Molecular docking, anti-diabetic, anticancer, antibacterial and antifungal studies were carried out using AutoDock 4.2.6. software program, α- Amylase method, Mosmann and Disk diffusion method respectively.
Results: GC-MS and HPLC chromatogram of methanol extracts exhibited 12 and 6 peaks, respectively, confirming the presence of 12 phytoconstituents in Indus Viva I Pulse health drink (1I–12I). The total phenol and flavonoid content found in the extracted sample of Indus Viva I Pulse health drink were 0.16 and 0.36 mg/mL, respectively. It is a polyherbal formulation of brown-colored liquid of the UV spectrum in methanol is characteristic of an aromatic compound with λ max of 319 and 412 nm. IR spectrum gave peaks at 3,457, 2,922, 2,857, 2,121, 1,641, 1,055, 1,033 and 621 cm-1 indicating the presence of an alcoholic, alkyl, aldehyde or ketone, alkyne, carbonyl, anhydride and methyl group, respectively. Liquid Chromatography- High Resolution Mass Spectrometry (LC-HRMS) study gave these molecular weights (m/z): 1134. 7017, 1150.6475 and 1168.6797. Aromatic characteristics were confirmed through UV, IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and LC-HRMS spectral studies. 1H-NMR study indicates the presence of aromatic protons and methyl protons. Aqueous extract of Indus Viva I Pulse health drink was tested for Cytotoxicity Assay of human bone cancer (MG-63) cell lines and ptyalin prevent characters that exhibited a valid inhibitory value of 90.87% in 10 μg/mL for MG-63 and value of 74.41% in 500 μg/mL for alpha-amylase which is comparatively more efficient than the available standard drug. Cytotoxicity assay for human bone cancer (MG-63) cell lines and alpha-amylase both showed the inhibitory activity of IC50 68.95 and IC50 36.18 μg/mL, respectively.
Conclusion: Based on the result of this research, it can be proposed that Indus Viva I Pulse health drink may serve as a potential remedy for human bone cancer (MG-63) cell line and that alpha-amylase inhibitory activity is proportional to the dose.
RISK FACTORS AND PREDICTORS OF SEVERITY FOR ISCHEMIC STROKE IN THE RURAL SOUTH INDIAN POPULATION
Authors: RAADHA ARUMUGAM MALAICHAMY , RAMKUMAR SUBBIAH , ANANTHI SAKTHIVEL PRIYADHARSHINI , SHANMUGAM JEEVITHAN
Published: December 2023

Introduction: Stroke is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. The risk factors contributing to stroke vary among geographical locations, ethnic populations, and also among genders. This study aims to identify the prevalence of risk factors among patients admitted for ischemic stroke, correlate the stroke severity, and identify risk factors in the rural South Indian population.
Methods: One hundred and thirty patients admitted with acute ischemic stroke formed the study population. The demographic details and neurological examination at admission were noted. The presence of comorbidities such as diabetes mellitus, systemic hypertension, coronary artery disease, smoking, and quantity of alcohol consumed was documented. All patients underwent a series of investigations including computed tomography brain, fasting blood sugar, fasting lipid profile, complete blood count, and carotid Doppler. Stroke severity was graded as per the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale.
Results: This study of 130 stroke patients (65.4% male and 34.6% female) with a mean age of 61.10 years examined risk factors and their associations with stroke severity. Hypertension and diabetes mellitus were prevalent (51.5% and 50%, respectively). Significant associations were found between age, sex, and alcohol consumption with stroke severity. Overall, age emerged as a critical determinant of stroke severity.
Conclusion: Tremendous research gaps persist despite significant progress in researching gender differences in stroke as well as particular factors impacting risk and outcomes which need to be addressed in future studies. Urgent health-care policies are needed to arrest the rapidly rising epidemic of metabolic diseases and combat alcoholism.
PREVALENCE OF GENERALIZED LIGAMENT LAXITY IN ADULT INDIAN POPULATION: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY AND REVIEW OF LITERATURE
Authors: GOGIA TUSHAR , DASGUPTA TIRTHANKAR , RAJAN ARAVIND , KHAN IRFAN , KAJAL PAWAN KUMAR , MISHRA AJIT KUMAR
Published: December 2023

Objective: Generalized ligament laxity (GLL) is defined as increased range of motion across multiple joints in an individual. Its prevalence has been reported to be between 5% and 15%. Although there has been implication of increased prevalence in Indian population, there are relatively few studies related to the prevalence of GLL in adult Indian population. There is also a dearth of literature on, which specialty outpatient department (OPD), these patients commonly present to, with their complaints. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of GLL in adult Indian population.
Methods: 5400 patients were selected from various OPDs of a tertiary care hospital after informed consent. After stratification for age and sex, Beighton’s score assessment was done.
Results: Using the Beighton’s score of four or more, to assess the prevalence of generalized ligament laxity, a total of 735 (13.61%) participants had GLL in the entire study population of 5400. Significantly higher number of patients were found to have GLL from the sample recruited from orthopedic OPD (p=0.013) as compared to other OPDs. The highest Beighton’s score was 8/9, recorded in a 29-year female in the orthopedic OPD. It was observed that in all OPDs, the mean Beighton’s scores were higher in female than in male participants in each subgroup; also, there was a decline in mean scores with increase in age in all OPDs which can be inferred as a decrease in GLL with age.
Conclusion: This study is the largest Indian study to investigate the prevalence of GLL in the adult population in India. The study found that there was a significant prevalence of GLL in the adult population especially in females compared to males in all ages, though prevalence of GLL reduced with age. This study has implications of prevention of injuries in people with GLL. Although orthopedic surgeons generally primarily manage the people with GLL, they do not have a high index of suspicion toward the same. Identifying these individuals and making a diagnosis regarding the same is problematic but doing so will help these individuals live a pain-free life.
INJECTION OF AUTOLOGOUS WHOLE BLOOD VERSUS CORTICOSTEROID FOR LATERAL EPICONDYLITIS: A COMPARATIVE STUDY
Authors: KHAN AWEZ , WAHID BHIMANI FAHAD , TIWARI MUKESH , KANOJI RAJESH KUMAR , SUTHAR PRADEEP KUMAR
Published: December 2023

Objective: The objective is to compare the efficacy, in terms of pain relief and functional improvement, of autologous whole blood and corticosteroid injection in managing lateral epicondylitis (Tennis elbow).
Methods: This was a comparative study conducted in Department of Orthopedics, National Institute of Medical Sciences Jaipur, Rajasthan, India. Eighty patients diagnosed to be having lateral epicondylitis were included in this study on the basis of predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The patients were divided into 2 groups on the basis of whether they were given autologous whole blood (Group B) or corticosteroid injection (Group S). Efficacy of both the treatment modality was compared in terms of Pain relief (as assessed by reduction in visual analogue score [VAS] score) and functional improvement (as assessed by improvement in Mayo Elbow performance score). SSPS 22.0 software was used for statistical analysis and p<0.05 was taken as statistically significant.
Results: A total of 80 patients were included in this study out of which there were 37 (46.25%) males and 43 (53.75%) females with a M: F ratio of 1:1.16. The mean age of patients in group B and group S was found to be found to be 52.36±9.98 years and 48.46±10.12 years, respectively. The mean age of patients in both the groups was found to be comparable with no statistically significant difference (p=0.0866). At the time of 4 weeks, 8 weeks, and 12 weeks follow–up, the mean VAS score in Group B was less as compared to group S and the difference was found to be statistically highly significant (p<0.0001). At the time of 4 weeks, 8 weeks, and 12 weeks’ follow-up, the mean MEPS in Group B was more as compared to group S, and the difference was found to be statistically significant (p<0.05).
Conclusion: For lateral epicondylitis, whole blood injection demonstrated superior efficacy in terms of pain relief and functional improvement as compared to injection of corticosteroid.
Evaluating the influence of economic aid and land ownership on the reduction in coffee yield and its socioeconomic consequences: A case study of the Akuapem North Municipality, Ghana.
Authors: Mohammed Adams Latif , Cobbinah Joseph , Addai Frank
Published: December 2023

Coffee is a highly valuable tropical agricultural commodity and is the second most traded commodity in the international market after oil. Despite coffee being cultivated in Ghana since the late 18th century, around the same time as cocoa was introduced, cocoa has become the more dominant crop due to coffee's low yield in Ghana. As a result, many farmers have shifted their focus from coffee farming to other crops, particularly cocoa, as it has become the country's primary source of foreign exchange. The purpose of the research was to investigate the impact of the reduction in coffee production on the livelihoods of farmers in the Akuapem North Municipality in the Eastern Region. The study aimed to identify the reasons behind the decline in coffee production as perceived by the farmers, as well as to determine their views on potential solutions to the problem. The purposeful sampling method was used to select two (2) communities, namely Apirede and Tinkong, based on the intensive production of coffee in the municipality. The snowball sampling method was used to select 50 respondents from the two communities. The results showed that most (92%) respondents were males, while the remaining 8% were females, which means a lot of males are into coffee production in the district. The majority (24%) identified inadequate financial assistance from the government and other financial sources as the major cause of the decline in coffee production. The majority (26% each) chose financial assistance from the government and access to credit as a way to improve coffee production. The majority (94%) of the respondents indicated that the decline in coffee production has affected their income. The study established that the government, NGO's, and other financial institutions such as banks or credit institutions in Akuapem North Municipality must take responsibility for granting loans or credit to farmers to address problems of finance encountered in their search to maximize the economic returns of the coffee industry. In addition, the government could also help coffee farmers acquire vast arable lands through clearly defined tenure rights and agreements for land owners and coffee farmers in the Akuapem North Municipality.
التجربتين العُمانية والماليزية في إدارة الوثائق والمحفوظات: دراسة مقارنة THE OMANI AND MALAYSIAN EXPERIENCES IN RECORDS MANAGEMENT AND ARCHIVES: A COMPARATIVE STUDY
Authors: Said AlRashdi Sulaiman Saleh , Lubis Asmuliadi , Mansor Fadillah
Published: December 2023

This article aims to provide a forward-looking vision by comparing the Omani and Malaysian experiences in records management and archives, and highlighting the common aspects between them despite the time difference in their establishment. The problem of the study can be formulated in the following question: What are the similarities and differences between the Omani and Malaysian experiences in records management and archives? The study seeks to highlight the importance of investing in the similarities between the two experiences in order to serve workers and specialists in the field in particular, and the field of records and archive management in general. The study relies on the survey methodology by examining the two experiences and describing each experience through several points represented in origin, international standards, and electronic management of records, regional branches, and attention to oral history, private documents, conferences and exhibitions. The study community consists of the authority responsible for supervising this field in both countries, as the National Records and Archives Authority represents the authority responsible for supervising the system in the Sultanate of Oman and the Malaysian National Archives in the Federal Kingdom of Malaysia. Among the most prominent findings of the article: There is a great similarity between the two experiences in many aspects, despite the old Malaysian experience in the management of records and archives.
:SEO & SEMالتسويق عبر محركات البحث أهميتها وفوائدها وطريقة عملها واستراتيجياتها ومدى موافقتها مع الشريعة الإسلامية THE MARKETING THROUGH SEARCH ENGINES SEO&SEM: IMPORTANCE, BENEFITS, METHOD OF WORK AND STRATEGIES
Authors: Al-Rawas Imad Ahmed Salem Mubarak , Ghani Azmi Ilhaamie Abdul , Khan Issa
Published: December 2023

Search engine marketing is one of the latest means of e-marketing in the modern era, as it is known by the term (SEO) Search Engine Optimization, one of the completely new ways that marketers use through the use of modern digital tools in order to reach customers, and the main goal of it is to facilitate the link between marketing companies and users When anyone searches through search engines, the link, video, or marketing images appear to them at the top of the search results, which helps them to decide to enter and possibly buy, and therefore the better your pages appear in the search results, the more likely it is to attract attention and attract potential and existing customers to your business. As reports indicate that in 2019, more than $55 billion was spent on search engine marketing, and studies and projections indicate that spending could exceed $86 billion by 2023, which is a huge number and a very strong indicator of the importance of e-marketing for small businesses. The current study follows the descriptive approach by explaining and describing methods, programs, and most important marketing strategies through search engines, where the importance of the research lies in presenting scientific material that highlights the importance of modern marketing methods to enhance the performance of institutions, develop their work, and explain their legal ruling. One of the most important theoretical results of the study is that search engine optimization (SEO) has significant positive results by influencing the number of user visits to small and medium-sized companies' websites, increasing the average duration of user visits, as well as the company's overall sales and revenues generated.
Formas de razonamiento probabilístico de estudiantes de sexto grado de educación secundaria
Authors: Fajardo Valencia Arnulfo , Benítez Mojica David
Published: December 2023

Esta investigación busca identificar cuáles son las formas de razonamiento probabilístico utilizadas por los estudiantes de sexto grado cuando se enfrentan a situaciones que involucran eventos aleatorios. Este es un estudio de tipo cualitativo y exploratorio fundamentado en cinco categorías de razonamiento probabilístico propuestas por Sánchez y Benítez (1997), en dónde los niveles de impredicción, determinismo, mecánico, de pre-rigor y de rigor determinan líneas de razonamiento de los estudiantes al enfrentarse a problemas que involucran la probabilidad. Los datos se recolectaron a partir de un cuestionario, entrevistas semiestructuradas y procesos de observación al participante. En el estudio intervinieron 15 estudiantes de grado sexto de educación básica secundaria de una institución educativa oficial de la ciudad de Cali, Colombia. Los resultados muestran que cuando los estudiantes enfrentan problemas que involucran el concepto de probabilidad existe un nivel de razonamiento que prevalece sobre los demás, y que generalmente acuden a sus creencias, en ocasiones erróneas para resolverlos, lo que puede afectar su desempeño en los procesos de aprendizaje. Se concluye que es de gran importancia que los docentes identifiquen creencias y elementos de pensamiento subjetivo de los estudiantes antes de planear intervenciones de enseñanza en las aulas de clase.
Técnicas estadísticas y logro de aprendizaje: revisión bibliográfica
Authors: Suárez Riveros Lilian Daniela , Pineda Ríos Wilmer , Mendivelso Ramírez Iván Mauricio
Published: December 2023

El objetivo de este escrito fue describir las diferentes técnicas estadísticas que han sido empleados para comprender o explicar el logro de aprendizaje, en estudiantes en diferentes niveles educativos. Desde el punto de vista teórico se consolidaron las categorías a priori, provenientes de las técnicas estadísticas (Modelos Multinivel, Modelos geoespaciales, Regresión, Clustering, Análisis Descriptivo, Redes Neuronales, Árboles de decisión, Bosques aleatorios, NaiveBayes y Support Vector Machine), así como la conceptualización de Logro de Aprendizaje. El enfoque metodológico para la revisión se hizo a partir del mapeamiento informacional bibliográfico. Entre los resultados se encontraron 50 documentos de diferentes bases de datos (Elsevier (1), Google Scholar (6), IEEE (4), Scielo (2), ScienceDirect (5), Scopus (31), y Springer (1)), que estudian diferentes regiones del mundo (Asia (17), América del sur (13), América del norte (8), Europa (6), África (5), Oceanía (4), Centro América (3), junto con la orientación a explicar (17), comprender (31) o comprender y explicar (2).Adicionalmente, se identificó un conjunto de variables emergentes en los diferentes reportes, entre las que se encuentra, con mayor relevancia, el nivel socioeconómico, género, afectividad, antecedentes y características y posibilidades de los padres.
educação para a memória do Centenário da Independência do Brasil
Authors: Sena Fabiana , Santos Ângela Maria dos , Lima Arthur Rodrigues de
Published: December 2023

O centenário da independência do Brasil foi uma efeméride marcada pelos jogos de produção e de luta da memória. Neste sentido, buscamos dar visibilidade à comemoração do centenário da independência a partir dos periódicos O Norte e Era Nova. Ao se comemorar o bicentenário da independência, em 2022, parece salutar refletir sobre a arquitetura das festividades do centenário. A partir da análise sobre o processo de fabricação da memória em torno da independência do Brasil, o trabalho divide-se em duas partes. Na primeira há uma reflexão sobre o centenário da independência e a fabricação do sentimento nacional. Na segunda parte, reflete-se sobre os periódicos analisados nos produtos audiovisuais e os discursos que coloram em circulação na época. Esses movimentos nos permitiram observar como essas comemorações fizeram parte de um processo de feitura e monumentalização da memória, como também nos questionarmos diante da passagem dos 200 anos da independência.
educação de crianças vítimas de escalpelamento
Authors: Rolim Carmem Lucia Artioli , Oliveira Ivanilde Apoluceno de
Published: December 2023

O presente estudo tem como objetivo refletir sobre o escalpelamento por motor de barco na Amazônia Paraense e o atendimento educacional das crianças vitimadas, considerando o contexto social e os impactos do acidente. A pesquisa é de abordagem qualitativa de cunho documental. Para o desenvolvimento do estudo foram selecionados os documentos publicados entre os anos de 2015 e 2022 e disponibilizados em mídias digitais. As análises revelam que o atendimento educacional para as crianças vítimas de escalpelamento é realizado, principalmente, por meio da classe hospitalar, sendo desenvolvidos conteúdos curriculares integrados a aspectos do contexto ribeirinho. Conclui-se que a continuidade do atendimento educacional para a vítima é necessária e que o escalpelamento afeta a criança em sua dimensão física, emocional, educacional e social. Consiste em tragédia silenciosa situada no contexto de extrema desigualdade, desvelando uma sociedade que permanece omissa diante do sofrimento que atinge inúmeras meninas brasileiras.
KERAITAI ANTİK KENTİ’NİN SAVUNMA YAPILARI ÜZERİNE İLK ARAŞTIRMALAR
Authors: SOSLU Salih
Published: December 2023

Bu çalışmayla Keraitai antik kentinin savunma yapılarının ilk kez tanıtılması ve mimari literatürüne kazandırılması planlanmaktadır. Böylece kentin savunma planının ortaya çıkarılması, savunmayı oluşturan sur, kule, kapı gibi birimlerin mimari ve askeri özelliklerinin tanımlanması, kent savunmasının tarihsel kimliğinin belirlenmesi ve açıklanması amaçlanmaktadır. Kent günümüzde Burdur İli sınırları içinde yer alırken, antikçağda ise Pisidia Bölgesi’nin dağlık bir kenti konumundadır. Bölgedeki kentlerin MÖ 3.-1. yy’lara dek Hellen kentleşme programıyla urbanistik gelişimleri sağlanırken, MS 1.-3. yy’lar arasında ise imparatorluğun imar faaliyetleriyle bayındırlık ve iskan işleri tamamlanmıştır. Keraitai’nin kentsel yapıları, bu gelişimin bir parçasıdır. Kent, korunaklı bir savunma sistemi ve planına sahiptir. Bu sistemi oluşturan sur, kule ve kapı şeklindeki birimlerin mimari özellikleri, çevredeki kentlerin ve yerleşimlerin savunma yapılarına ait mimari özelliklerden farklıdır. Buradaki farklılığın sebepleri arasında Hellenistik-Roma İmparatorluk Dönemi’nde uygulanan siyasi, askeri ve sosyo-iktisadi politikalar, mimari alandaki teknik kullanım ve işçilik ile dönemsel özellikler gösterilebilir. Bu politikalar emperyalist yönetimler tarafından Pisidia Bölgesi’nde o kadar planlı ve güçlü uygulanmıştır ki, kentlerin Hellenistik-Roma İmparatorluk Dönemi öncesi var ise de artık ya tahrip olmuştur ya da başka yapılar için inşa malzemesi olarak veya tekrardan tasarlanarak farklı bir mekan olarak kullanılmıştır. Bu sebeple kentlerin birçoğunun Hellenistik Dönem’den önceki tarihsel süreci tartışma konusudur. Nitekim Keraitai’nin savunma yapıları, Hellen kentleşme programıyla inşa edilmiş veya geliştirilmiş kentlerden oldukça farklı mimari özellikler taşıdığından dolayı savunma mimarisinin tarihsel durumu sorgulanmaya başlanmıştır. Bu konudaki araştırmalarımız ile kent savunmasının mimari özelliklerinin, Geç Klasik-Erken Hellenistik dönemlere ait kentlerin savunma mimarisi özellikleriyle yakın benzerlik oluşturduğu sonucuna varılmıştır. Kentin Akropolis modelli kent planı, Akropolis’deki In antis planlı tapınak, MÖ 6.-4. yy’lara ait black-on-red grubu seramik örnekleri ve Herme amulet buluntusu, bu yaklaşımımızı güçlendiren arkeolojik verileri oluşturur.
Cross-Compliance as a Lifelong Learning Process Stimulus
Authors: Kowalska Iwona
Published: December 2023

The EU membership requires introduction of significant changes in the agricultural sector. Such changes will not be possible without investments in human capital. The aim of the paper is to make an attempt at presenting the coincidence of three factors conducive to the development of lifelong learning process in rural areas: 1) EU and Polish legislation concerning the cross-compliance rule enforcement, 2) EU financial support for human capital development in the EU second programming period, 3) new banking product connected with financing adult education (Individual Learning Accounts, ILA).
Infrastruktura ekologiczna obszarów wiejskich po przystąpieniu Polski do Unii Europejskiej na przykładzie województwa wielkopolskiego
Authors: Dolata Małgorzata
Published: December 2023

Zgodnie z założeniami Unii Europejskiej dotyczącymi ekorozwoju rozbudowa i modernizacji infrastruktury środowiska naturalnego pozostaje jednym z priorytetowych celów planów rozwoju obszarów wiejskich. Obecnie, mimo postępu jaki nastąpił w tej dziedzinie w ostatnich latach, nadal istnieją dość znaczne dysproporcje w dostępie do podstawowych urządzeń infrastruktury ekologicznej. Zróżnicowanie to dotyczy nie tylko województw ale także powiatów i gmin.
Perspektywy rozwoju produktów tradycyjnych Podkarpacia w kontekście opinii mieszkańców
Authors: Domagalska-Grędys Marta
Published: December 2023

Celem badań było określenie stanu i uwarunkowań rozwoju produktów tradycyjnych województwa podkarpackiego Analizę przeprowadzono z wykorzystaniem danych statystycznych GUS i danych z ankiety wśród mieszkańców Podkarpacia. Przedstawione wyniki potwierdzają zaawansowanie w rejestracji produktów tradycyjnych i zainteresowanie ich zakupem przez mieszkańców województw