bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of sweet potato intercropping in banana orchard on soil microbial population diversity
Authors: Li Yanpei , Lin Jiaqi , Xiao Shixiang , Feng Dou , Deng Yingyi , Xuan Weiyan
Published: January 2023

Purpose

This study was purposely designed to understand the effects of intercropping banana and sweet potato on soil microbial community. The research question addressed was what were the differences in population number, population diversity and dominant population of soil microorganisms between interplant bananas with sweet potatoes and banana monoculture.

Methods

The Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing technology was used to detect and analyse the population composition and structure of soil microorganisms in banana field.

Results

The results showed that from May to September, the number of soil bacterial population in intercropping sweet potato was 5.54-28.67% higher than that in monoculture, and the richness and diversity of the population were significantly or extremely significantly higher than that in monoculture. The number of dominant bacterial population was less than that in monoculture, and the relative abundance of non dominant population was 10.58 - 58.81% higher than that in monoculture. The number, abundance and diversity of soil fungal populations in intercropping were higher than those in monoculture.

Conclusions

The intercropping of banana and sweet potato has a significant effect on regulating the composition structure of soil microbial population and improving the abundance and diversity of microbial population. There has a great significance to improve the micro ecological environment of banana root soil and promote the stable and sustainable development of banana industry.
Detection and quantification of a focal fat deposition in a liver undergoing multiple operations for neuroendocrine tumor disease using attenuation imaging: a case report
Authors: Miller Elisabeth , Kratzer Wolfgang , Kestler Angelika
Published: January 2023

Background

In patients with history of malignancy, new-onset liver lesions often present diagnostic challenges. We present the case of a patient with history of neuroendocrine tumor and new-onset echo-rich hepatic lesion, in whom attenuation imaging helped to make the diagnosis. Attenuation imaging is an ultrasound-based technique that allows for the quantification of hepatic fat content on the basis of a measurement of sound attenuation.

Case presentation

We present the case of a 62-year-old Caucasian female patient who underwent pylorus-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy Whipple surgery in 2004 for histologically well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumor with a proliferation rate of 3% of the pancreatic head. During the course, single liver metastases were resected in 2009, 2010, and 2013. In 2019, hemihepatectomy was performed when two liver metastases recurred. The liver metastases each showed a proliferation rate of 10% with vigorous expression of chromogranin A, synaptophysin, and somatostatin. The most recent follow-up examinations showed a normal chromogranin A value and the patient reported a good general condition. However, sonography revealed a blurred, echoic lesion in the liver. On contrast-enhanced sonography, the lesion showed identical behavior to the surrounding liver parenchyma. In the asymptomatic patient, liver biopsy did not seem to be indicated at the current time. Measurement of the attenuation coefficient by attenuation imaging showed a significantly higher measurement in the area of the echo-rich lesion than in the rest of the liver. The overall findings are consistent with focal fat deposition.

Conclusions

Attenuation imaging appears to be useful in the evaluation of unclear echo-rich liver lesions. In particular, primary non-malignant-appearing liver lesions that are unremarkable on abdominal contrast-enhanced ultrasound can be more accurately assessed.
Vessel-by-vessel analysis of lower extremity 18F-NaF PET/CT imaging quantifies diabetes- and chronic kidney disease-induced active microcalcification in patients with peripheral arterial disease
Authors: Chou Ting-Heng , Rimmerman Eleanor T. , Patel Surina , Wynveen Molly K. , Eisert Susan N. , Musini Kumudha Narayana , Janse Sarah A. , Bobbey Adam J. , Sarac Timur P. , Atway Said A. , Go Michael R. , Stacy Mitchel R.
Published: January 2023

Background

Positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) imaging with fluorine-18 (18F)-sodium fluoride (NaF) provides assessment of active vascular microcalcification, but its utility for evaluating diabetes mellitus (DM)- and chronic kidney disease (CKD)-induced atherosclerosis in peripheral arterial disease (PAD) has not been comprehensively evaluated. This study sought to use 18F-NaF PET/CT to quantify and compare active microcalcification on an artery-by-artery basis in healthy subjects, PAD patients with or without DM, and PAD patients with or without CKD. Additionally, we evaluated the contributions of DM, CKD, statin use and established CT-detectable calcium to 18F-NaF uptake for each lower extremity artery.

Methods

PAD patients (n = 48) and healthy controls (n = 8) underwent lower extremity 18F-NaF PET/CT imaging. Fused PET/CT images guided segmentation of arteries of interest (i.e., femoral-popliteal, anterior tibial, tibioperoneal trunk, posterior tibial, and peroneal) and quantification of 18F-NaF uptake. 18F-NaF uptake was assessed for each artery and compared between subject groups. Additionally, established calcium burden was quantified for each artery using CT calcium mass score. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to evaluate DM, CKD, statin use, and CT calcium mass as predictors of 18F-NaF uptake in PAD.

Results

PAD patients with DM or CKD demonstrated significantly higher active microcalcification (i.e., 18F-NaF uptake) for all arteries when compared to PAD patients without DM or CKD. Univariate and multivariate analyses revealed that concomitant DM or CKD was associated with increased microcalcification for all arteries of interest and this increased disease risk remained significant after adjusting for patient age, sex, and body mass index. Statin use was only associated with decreased microcalcification for the femoral-popliteal artery in multivariate analyses. Established CT-detectable calcium was not significantly associated with 18F-NaF uptake for 4 out of 5 arteries of interest.

Conclusions

18F-NaF PET/CT imaging quantifies vessel-specific active microcalcification in PAD that is increased in multiple lower extremity arteries by DM and CKD and decreased in the femoral-popliteal artery by statin use. 18F-NaF PET imaging is complementary to and largely independent of established CT-detectable arterial calcification. 18F-NaF PET/CT imaging may provide an approach for non-invasively quantifying vessel-specific responses to emerging anti-atherogenic therapies or CKD treatment in patients with PAD.
Probability of informed trading during the COVID-19 pandemic: the case of the Romanian stock market
Authors: Cepoi Cosmin Octavian , Dragotă Victor , Trifan Ruxandra , Iordache Andreea
Published: January 2023

Using data from the Bucharest Stock Exchange, we examine the factors influencing the probability of informed trading (PIN) during February—October 2020, a COVID-19 pandemic period. Based on an unconditional quantile regression approach, we show that PIN exhibit asymmetric dependency with liquidity and trading costs. Furthermore, building a customized database that contains all insider transactions on the Bucharest Stock Exchange, we reveal that these types of orders monotonically increase the information asymmetry from the 50th to the 90th quantile throughout the PIN distribution. Finally, we bring strong empirical evidence associating the level of information asymmetry to the level of fake news related to the COVID-19 pandemic. This novel result suggests that during episodes when the level of PIN is medium to high (between 15 and 50%), any COVID-19 related news classified as misinformation released during the lockdown period, is discouraging informed traders to place buy or sell orders conditioned by their private information.
Efficacy of mometasone furoate nasal spray in the treatment of acute rhinosinusitis
Authors: Shrestha Sandeep , Joshi Rupesh Raj , Shrestha Swikriti
Published: January 2023

Background

Acute rhinosinusitis (ARS) refers to a group of disorders characterized by inflammation of the respiratory epithelium of the nose and paranasal sinuses lasting from 7 to 28 days. In the treatment of ARS in addition to an antibiotic, intranasal corticosteroids hasten the clearance of bacteria, decrease the frequency and severity of disease recurrence, and reduce the duration of infection. The purpose is to compare the efficacy of the combination of mometasone furoate nasal spray (MFNS) with amoxicillin and amoxicillin alone in the treatment of acute rhinosinusitis. A total of 120 patients (≥ 12 years) were randomized into 2 groups: group A (N: 60) receiving amoxicillin 500 mg thrice daily alone and group B (N: 60) receiving amoxicillin 500 mg thrice daily and MFNS 200 μg twice daily for 7 days. Patients were followed up after 7 days. The Sino-Nasal Outcome Test-22 (SNOT-22) questionnaire was taken before and after. The total score of SNOT-22 was compared between the groups.

Results

There was a reduction in the mean total SNOT score in both groups from 21.32 ± 11.29 to 9.37 ± 6.55 in group A and from 26.68 ± 11.97 to 3.07 ± 3.46 in group B which were statistically significant (p < 0.001) in both groups. The posttreatment mean score with the amoxicillin group was 9.31 ± 6.55 and that of the amoxicillin and mometasone furoate group was 3.07 ± 3.46, and their mean difference was 6.3 ± 0.95. In comparison, MFNS with amoxicillin was significantly (p < 0.001) superior than amoxicillin alone.

Conclusion

Patients receiving amoxicillin alone or amoxillin with MFNS, both  showed improvement of symptoms in ARS. However, amoxicillin with MFNS showed significantly higher improvement and relief of symptoms in ARS than amoxicillin alone.
Improved least-squares migration through double-sweeping solver
Authors: Eslaminia Mehran , Elmeliegy Abdelrahman M. , Guddati Murthy N.
Published: January 2023

Based on a recently developed approximate wave-equation solver, we have developed a methodology to reduce the computational cost of seismic migration in the frequency domain. This approach divides the domain of interest into smaller subdomains, and the wavefield is computed using a sequential process to determine the downward- and upward-propagating wavefields — hence called a double-sweeping solver. A sequential process becomes possible using a special approximation of the interface conditions between subdomains. This method is incorporated into the least-squares migration framework as an approximate solver. The associated computational effort is comparable to one-way wave-equation approaches, yet, as illustrated by the numerical examples, the accuracy and convergence behavior are comparable to that of the full-wave equation.
Influence of port opening dynamics on the acoustic signature of pneumatic marine seismic sources
Authors: Lam Fredric Y. K. , Dunham Eric M.
Published: January 2023

Numerical modeling is a powerful tool for predicting the acoustic signature of pneumatic marine seismic sources to maximize low-frequency content and minimize excessively high-frequency content that may harm marine life. Idealized source models often overpredict the peak acoustic pressure, a key quantity in assessing source performance. The dynamics of the shuttle, the mechanical component that controls the early time gas flow rate from the source, contribute to this signal overprediction but often are neglected. We have computed the numerical solution of a quasi-1D model of a large volume source fired underwater. In our model, we couple the shuttle dynamics to the gas dynamics in multiple adjacent chambers in the source. The source is coupled to a spherical bubble through mass and energy conservation conditions. To capture the compressible effect of flow area change in the air exiting the source, we invoke a set of steady-state nozzle flow approximations. We compare model results against data from field tests, where acoustic pressure signals, local pressure within and just outside the source, and temperature inside the source were measured. The maximum value and slope of the initial acoustic pressure peak are overpredicted by the model, but internal pressure and temperature data agree with model predictions. We attribute early time discrepancy between the model and data to unmodeled pressure losses in the gas flow to the bubble and discrepancy over the bubble oscillation timescale to the bubble modeling error. We provide first-order corrections that reduce the model discrepancy in a manner consistent with internal thermodynamic data and quantify the effects of design parameters on the source dynamics.
Risk of Major Psychiatric Disorders Among Children and Adolescents Surviving Malignancies: A Nationwide Longitudinal Study
Authors: Hsu Tien-Wei , Liang Chih-Sung , Tsai Shih-Jen , Bai Ya-Mei , Su Tung-Ping , Chen Tzeng-Ji , Chen Mu-Hong
Published: January 2023

PURPOSE

Evidence suggests an increased long-term risk of major psychiatric disorders (MPDs) in childhood and adolescent cancer survivors (CACSs). However, definitive conclusions regarding such associations and whether such associations vary for different types of cancers remain unclear.

METHODS

Using a nationwide data set from 2001 to 2011, we enrolled CACSs and likewise randomly selected individuals without cancer from the general population (1:10 ratio) who were matched to the CACSs with regard to demographic data. We investigated eight organ system–related cancers. The primary outcomes were the risks of seven MPD diagnoses: autism spectrum disorder (ASD), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), schizophrenia, bipolar disorder (BD), major depressive disorder (MDD), obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), and post-traumatic stress disorder.

RESULTS

CACSs (n = 5,121; mean age = 9.08 years) showed increased risks of six MPD diagnoses than controls (n = 51,210), with results as follows (in descending order): ASD (hazard ratio [HR], 10.42; associated 95% CI, 4.58 to 23.69), ADHD (HR, 6.59; 95% CI, 4.91 to 8.86), BD (HR, 2.93; 95% CI, 1.26 to 6.80), MDD (HR, 1.88; 95% CI, 1.26 to 2.79), OCD (HR, 3.37; 95% CI, 1.33 to 8.52), and post-traumatic stress disorder (HR, 6.10; 95% CI, 1.46 to 25.54). CACSs also showed earlier ages at diagnoses of ADHD, schizophrenia, MDD, and OCD than controls. The risks of MPD diagnoses vary according to specific cancer types/categories. Brain cancer and lymphatic/hematopoietic tissue cancer were associated with the greatest number of MPD diagnoses (ie, each was associated with six diagnoses). In addition, ASD and ADHD were associated with most organ system–related cancers (ie, each was associated with five categories).

CONCLUSION

We found that CACSs were at higher risks of MPD diagnoses than controls. Follow-up care should include psychosocial interventions focusing on early signs of mental health problems and early interventions in this high-risk group.
Contribution of vasculature to stem integrity in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Asaoka Mariko , Sakamoto Shingo , Gunji Shizuka , Mitsuda Nobutaka , Tsukaya Hirokazu , Sawa Shinichiro , Hamant Olivier , Ferjani Ali
Published: January 2023

In plants, coordinated growth is important for organ mechanical integrity because cells remain contiguous through their walls. So far, defects in inflorescence stem integrity in Arabidopsis thaliana have mainly been related to epidermal defects. Although these observations suggest a growth-limiting function at the stem cortex, deeper layers of the stem could also contribute to stem integrity. The nac secondary cell wall thickening promoting factor1 (nst1) nst3 double-mutant background is characterized by weaker vascular bundles without cracks. By screening for the cracking phenotype in this background, we identified a regulator of stem cracking, the transcription factor INDETERMINATE DOMAIN9 (IDD9). Stem cracking was not caused by vascular bundle breakage in plants that expressed a dominant repressor version of IDD9. Instead, cracking emerged from increased cell expansion in non-lignified interfascicular fiber cells that stretched the epidermis. This phenotype could be enhanced through CLAVATA3-dependent cell proliferation. Collectively, our results demonstrate that stem integrity relies on three additive mechanical components: the epidermis, which resists inner cell growth; cell proliferation in inner tissues; and growth heterogeneity associated with vascular bundle distribution in deep tissues.
Impact of Age on the Treatment and Survival in Esophagogastric Cancer
Authors: Kauppila Joonas H. , Mattsson Fredrik , Lagergren Jesper
Published: January 2023

Background

The age-specific risks of mortality for patients with esophagogastric cancer and their probability of surgical treatment are not well-known.

Methods

This population-based, nationwide cohort study included all patients with esophageal or gastric (esophagogastric) cancer in Sweden between 1990 and 2013, with follow-up evaluation throughout 2018. Age at diagnosis (exposure) was categorized into nine 5-year groups. The main outcome was 5-year all-cause mortality. The secondary outcomes were 90-day all-cause mortality, 5-year disease-specific mortality, 5-year disease-specific mortality excluding 90-day all-cause mortality, and non-operation. For mortality outcomes, Cox regression provided hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) adjusted for confounders. For non-operation, logistic regression provided odds ratios (ORs) with 95% CIs.

Results

Among 28,725 patients, 11,207 (39.0%) underwent surgery. For those who underwent surgery, the HRs of 5-year all-cause mortality were stable before the ages of 65 to 69 years. After that, it gradually increased for patients 65 to 69 years old (HR, 1.13; 95% CI, 1.01–1.26), patients 75 to 79 years old (HR, 1.29; 95% CI, 1.56–1.44), and patients older than 85 years (HR, 1.84; 95% CI, 1.60–2.11) compared with those younger than 50 years. Analyses of age as a continuous variable, other mortality outcomes and stratification by comorbidity and tumor type showed similar results. The odds of non-operation increased for patients 75 to 79 years old (OR, 2.09 [95% CI, 1.84–2.94] for patients 80 to 84 years old and OR, 5.00 [95% CI, 4.31–5.78] for patients ≥85 years old or older), compared with those younger than 50 years.

Conclusion

Older age, starting from 65 years, is associated with worse survival after surgery for esophagogastric cancer, and from 75 years with lower odds of surgical treatment.
The relationship between Sleep Quality and Job Satisfaction of Nurses working in the pediatric surgery clinic during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Bozkul Gamze , Karakul Atiye
Published: January 2023

Background: It is important to determine the relationship between the quality of sleep, which is the basic requirement, and job satisfaction, which has an important place in the working life of nurses. The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between sleep quality and job satisfaction of nurses working in the pediatric surgery clinic during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Material and Methods:This study is of descriptive type. The sample of the study consists of 94 pediatric surgery nurses who are members of the Association of Pediatric Surgery Nurses. Nurse Descriptive Information Form, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Nurse Job Satisfaction Scale (NJSS) were used to collect the data. Descriptive statistics, Shapiro-Wilk, Kruskall Wallis, Mann-Whitney-U test and Pearson Correlation analysis were used in the evaluation of the data.
Results: The mean age of the pediatric surgical nurses was 32.82±7.85 years. It was determined that the sleep index and job satisfaction of pediatric surgery nurses were low. There was a negative and moderate correlation between the scores the pediatric surgery nursing obtained from the Nurse Job Satisfaction Scale and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. It was determined that as the sleep quality of the pediatric surgery nurses decreased, the job satisfaction decreased.
Conclusions:As a result of the study, the sleep quality of pediatric surgery nurses in the COVID-19 pandemic decreased their job satisfaction. It is thought that these results may play a key role in increasing the job satisfaction and regulating working conditions of pediatric surgery nurses working at the forefront of the COVID-19 pandemic.
MARKETING PARADOXES: EXPLICATION OF SOME BASIC MARKETING PARADOXES
Authors: Bogdanovic Mario
Published: January 2023

This paper aims to clarify the relationship between marketing and important economic/business categories and the internal relationship between two fundamental marketing principles. The author used a qualitative approach to determine the existence of mentioned paradoxes, i.e., using logic-verbal methods is usual in economic theory/philosophy where rational discussion is the essence of understanding economic phenomena and delivering significant insights. The results showed three existing contemporary marketing paradoxes. The first is the paradox of marketing and sales/entrepreneurship, i.e., a paradox between satisfying the wishes and needs of the customers and the salesman/entrepreneur. The second is the paradox of marketing and rational consumer/homo economicus because of their conflicting goals. The third is the intramarketing paradox, i.e., between old and new basic marketing principles, because of substantial incompatibility and dubious effect on consumer well-being. A limitation of this paper is the lack of a mainstream marketing approach that does not emphasize significant concepts contradictions and the absence of quantitative methodology for testing the theses/conclusions. The theoretically unsolvable marketing paradoxes solving can be facilitated by finding a dialectical compromise between achieving contradictory goals closest to the optimal win-win principle. Solutions where only one of the parties in the relationship should dominantly benefit (win-lose) are of no use.
FUNCTIONING OF PRIVATE DENTAL ORGANIZATIONS DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Ivanovic Ivana , Jokic Zoran
Published: January 2023

The epidemic with SARS CoV-2, known as the acronym COVID - 19, had and still has a lot of impact on the entire health system, i.e., reanimation of the health system and return to a "new normal", starting at the end of 2019. The special impact of this pandemic has been reflected in the work in dental practice. Addressing emergencies and providing emergency dental care were a priority and standard during severe quarantine measures during the pandemic. This topic aims at transversal research of the cross-section of the functioning of dental practice in the private dental sector, which is the leading in the field of treatment of oral health diseases in our country because according to official data in private dental practice, 92% of procedures are performed during the state of emergency and inability to work normally caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. The survey was conducted during the period when most health institutions exited the COVID system from February 23 to March 30, 2022. A 22-question authored survey was sent to dentists across Serbia. The number of dentists who participated was 176. Considering the high risk, most emergency interventions were not carried out, while the economic consequences are minimal and insensitive in most clinics.
FINANCIAL ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACT OF THE INFORMAL ECONOMY ON THE ECONOMY OF SERBIA AND EUROPEAN COUNTRIES
Authors: Mihajlovic Ivan , Trnavac Dragana
Published: January 2023

In this paper, the authors point out the informal economy of the Republic of Serbia and European countries as the biggest problem for every country. The following is the share of industries as well as the gross domestic product of nations. They are reasons why the informal economy is so ubiquitous as well as the idea that it is necessary to decrease it. The paper deals with research aimed at determination of the impact of the informal economy, in which sector of the economy it has the biggest, why it persists, and financial losses because of the informal economy. The paper discusses secondary damages due to the informal economy and the causes of why they go on. The paper also analyzes the influence of the shadow economy on the EU and OECD countries’ GDPs. The authors discuss why the informal economy persists and what measures should be taken to prevent or at least reduce it.
APPROACHES TO THE RUSSIAN TOURISM DEVELOPMENT ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE VYBORG CITY
Authors: Safonov Evgeny , Kirsanov Sergey , Palamarenko Galina
Published: January 2023

More and more countries, regions, and cities are beginning to come to grips with improving their tourism product, raising the level of service, and developing various events. The tourism industry, in the context of the structural restructuring of the Russian economy, is one of the most dynamically developing sectors and has a stimulating effect on the development of traditional sectors of the national economy, acts as a catalyst for the economic and social development of the regions, and improves the quality of life of the population. The article deals with the development of problematic areas of the tourist center in the city of Vyborg. The real reason why Vyborg has long attracted Russian and foreign tourists lies in its unique architecture and sights. More than 300 historical, architectural, sculptural, garden and park art, and archaeological monuments are in Vyborg. Among the prerequisites for the confident development of Vyborg as a tourist center, it is necessary to note its favorable geographical position, rich cultural and historical heritage, good transport accessibility, and a high potential for various types of tourism. The tourism development program in Vyborg is designed for a long period. It includes several stages and considers the specifics of the economic and social development of the territory. It is significant to consider the interdependence and synergy of projects as a unit of approach and activity aimed at using the already developed aspects of organizing the tourist attractiveness of the city. The authors conducted the study before the start of the conflict in Ukraine.
DISCOURSE MARKERS IN THE STRUCTURE OF MEDIATION DISCOURSE
Authors: Prokhorova Olga A.
Published: January 2023

Purpose. The purpose of this article is to describe the peculiarities of functioning discourse markers in the institutional format of mediation discourse.

Methodology. General scientific methods and specific linguistic methods (contextual analysis, continuous sampling method, pragmatic analysis of discourse) were used in this research.

Results. This study deals with discourse markers as a tool of mediation discourse structuring. Particular attention is paid to the specificity of using certain groups of discourse markers at different stages of the interaction of the conflicting parties. Destructive and constructive fragments are distinguished in mediation discourse. The functional potential of discourse markers at the conflict stage of mediation is represented by evaluation markers with negative connotations and markers of interrupting dialogue. The constructive stage is characterized by the use of positive evaluation markers, markers of desemantised evaluation and etiquette indicators of the end of the dialogue. The research shows that the variety of discourse markers in the speech of parties in conflict serves as a trigger for a gradual, as a rule, positive transformation of the disputing participants in the mediation continuum.

Practical Implications. The results presented in the article can be used in theoretical courses on discourse analysis, pragmatics, as well as in the training of mediators.
NEW TERMS OF THE EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITY SPHERE IN THE RUSSIAN AND OSSETIAN LANGUAGES
Authors: Gatsalova Larisa B. , Parsieva Larisa K. , Valieva Madina D.
Published: January 2023

The changes that have occurred in the Russian education system in the XXI century have entailed an influx of new words and expressions related to the provision of this type of activity. The traditions existing in Russian lexicography on the representation of the emerging nomenclature of terms can also be projected into the languages of the peoples of the Russian Federation. However, at the present stage, the corpus of special words showing certain aspects of education reform has not been reflected in the dictionaries of the Russian language and requires further research. This includes a wide range of new terms, as well as those related to the documentation support of the unified state exam, as well as the procedure for its conduct.

Background. A significant number of neologisms that have entered the field of education in recent years require reflection in special dictionaries of the Russian and Ossetian languages, since this terminology is used in the professional activities of a large number of people, and its significant part is used in the educational activities of the young, being a social group.

Purpose. Analysis and classification of the nomenclature of terms related to the field of education, to the procedure for organizing and conducting the unified state exam, for their inclusion in special and bilingual dictionaries.

Materials and methods. The material for the study was regulatory legal acts concerning the procedures governing the organization and conduct of the unified state exam. The main research methods are content analysis and continuous sampling.

Results. The nomenclature of terms covering a significant part of society is determined for inclusion in both dictionaries and national corpus of the Russian and Ossetian languages. The thematic classification of special vocabulary is carried out taking into account the logical and semantic connections and the technological process of the state final certification.

Practical implications. The research materials can be used for inclusion in the national corpus of the Russian and Ossetian languages, preparation of dictionaries and in the practice of documentation support of management activities in the Ossetian language.
LINGUISTIC UNIVERSALS AS THE FOUNDATION OF COMPARATIVE RESEARCH
Authors: Takoeva Tamara A.
Published: January 2023

The article is devoted to linguistic universals as one of the most important term of typology and the foundation of comparative research.

Purpose. The analysis is aimed at tracing the history of the emergence and formation of the term linguistic universals, as well as analyzing the available definitions and classifications of universals on the basis of the synthesis of the views of famous linguists and the authors’ own observations, and determining the place of verbal constructions with an aspectual meaning in the system of linguistic universals.

The relevance of the research is due to the constant interest of scientists in particular languages as a product of universal thinking, as well as the discovery of new universals and the need for their description and systematization.

The research material is the texts of translations of Ossetian folk tales into Russian, English and Turkish.

Materials and methods. The methodological basis of the study is theoretical analysis of literary sources, comparison, generalization, systematization оf empirical data.

Results. The article concludes that there is no unambiguous interpretation of linguistic universals and, consequently, there are different approaches to the definition of the term universals depending on the volume of linguistic phenomena covered by this term. Discrepancies in the set of tools for implementing universal aspectual meanings of the compared languages can be explained by the peculiarities of the structural and typological organization of each specific language.

Practical implications. The results of the analysis can be used in routine didactic processes, contributing to the improvement of the methodology of teaching a practical course of languages, a course of theoretical grammar, translation theory.
INTERNAL RHYME AS A SOUND EXPRESSIVENESS MEANS IN THE LANGUAGE OF GERMAN POETRY
Authors: Chaiko Natalja N.
Published: January 2023

Purpose. This article is devoted to the consideration of the linguistic essence of internal rhyme, as well as the analysis of rhyme terms depending on their number and location within one or different verse segments and their functioning in the poetic texts of German Romantics. Scientific originality of the research lies in the common interest of modern linguistics in the study of the means of sound organization and expression of poetic speech, as well as the lack of study on this subject.

Method or methodology of the work. The basis of the research is formed by the continuous sampling method in the selection of practical material as well as the method of descriptive linguo-stylistic analysis.

Results. In the course of the study, it was found that the main variety of intra-rhyme consonances are two-membered rhyme pairs of one-verse – mixed continuous and discontinuous) and different-verse (symmetrical). Internal rhyme is a characteristic feature of poetic texts. It serves to increase the rhyme coefficient, expands the sonority of the verse and is a means of sound influence, giving the verse emotionality and musicality.

Practical implications. The results of the research can be used in the classes “Stylistics of the German language”, “Stylistic analysis of a literary text”, in seminars on the study of sound features of the language of German poetry.
CHINESE COOKING VIDEOS IN TERMS OF SUBTITLING
Authors: Kondrashina Yulia S. , Andreeva Elena D.
Published: January 2023

This article is devoted to the concepts of gastronomic discourse, given by foreign and Russian scientists, and the analysis of the features of Russian and Chinese cooking videos. The aim of the article was to identify some features of subtitling gastronomic videos. The material of the study was a cooking video in Chinese, available on YouTube. We applied methods of discourse analysis, semantic analysis, component analysis, and comparison and collation method within the specified language pair. During the study, such difficulties as difference in the number of symbols, the polysemy of words, the translation of proper names and ingredients-realia, and different language transformations such as addition, omission, compression and literal translation were considered. Each difficulty found its solution according to the specifics of cooking topic and subtitling.
THE LOGIC OF RELIGIOUS RITUAL: THE PATHOS OF FAITH OR THE TRIUMPH OF MAGISM
Authors: Sobolev Yuri V.
Published: January 2023

The article examines the phenomenon of ritual, understood as an independent phenomenon that goes beyond the scope of religious culture. Referring to the works of religious studies, anthropology and psychology, the main features of ritual are identified, allowing to talk about ritual as a peculiar form of archetypal consciousness. Particular attention is focused on religious discourse, for it is here that the nature of ritual in its most varied forms emerges most clearly. It is established that ritual practices in the religious and psychological spheres have a common cause – the symbolic function of protection from the outside world by means of certain actions, verbal formulas, and ceremonials. The idea is postulated that ritual as a magical action is opposed to conscious faith; ritual dependence is opposed to religious freedom. It is emphasized that “inside” the developed religious systems the concept of ritual is used more often in a negative sense. The theoretical basis is mainly represented by the works of V. Terner, K. Jung, B. Malinowski, and M. Eliade. The methodology of the work includes phenomenological, textual, conceptual and comparative analysis. The data of the study can be used in philosophical and theological analysis of the phenomenon of ritual. The practical value of the study lies in the possibility of including the results of the study in the classes of philosophy, religious studies, psychology and theology.
PROBLEMS OF IMPROVING ENTREPRENEURIAL CULTURE
Authors: Pomazkova Elena V.
Published: January 2023

Justification. This article discusses the processes and factors of influence that determine the direction of improving the entrepreneurial culture in Russia.

The purpose of the article. To study the composition of factors influencing the process of improving entrepreneurial culture.

Materials and methods. The article provides a comparative analysis of external and internal factors influencing the components of the institution of entrepreneurial culture. The article uses methods for studying, generalizing and comparative analysis of the information received.

The results of the study. The author considered and analyzed the culture of doing business and the objective and subjective factors influencing its improvement.

Conclusions. The success of a business is determined by the image of the organization, the trust of consumers and the degree of influence within the business community. The traditional image of a leader as an authoritarian manager is not viable in the modern world. The interaction between the employer and the employee affects the culture of entrepreneurship within the organization, and the processes of globalization have a worldwide impact. Today, a large number of parameters that determine the success of an entrepreneur. These are not only financial criteria, but also organizational, technical, social, which together create a culture of entrepreneurship. Business entities, when interacting with partners from different countries, develop a new unified business culture.
ACTIVITIES OF ZEMSKY SELF-GOVERNMENT BODIES UNDER THE VREMENNOGO PRIAMURSKOGO GOVERNMENT
Authors: Chernaya Ekaterina V.
Published: January 2023

Background. The changes taking place in Russia have revived interest in the functioning of zemstvo self-government bodies in difficult socio-economic, political and military conditions. The difficult situation aggravated the contradictions at the local level, which had a huge impact on the work carried out by the zemstvos.

Purpose. To consider the contradictions that influenced the activities of the zemstvos during the existence of the Vremennogo Priamurskogo government.

Materials and methods. The material for the study was the periodical press presented by newspapers. As well as documents from the Russian State Historical Archive of the Far East and the State Archive of Primorsky Krai. In the analysis of the material, such methods as problem-chronological, historical-genetic were used.

Results. The activities of the zemstvo self-government bodies under the Vremennogo Priamurskogo government were carried out in conditions of socio-economic and military-political crisis. The crisis state of the region has aggravated the already existing contradictions: the loss of confidence on the part of the population and the conflict with the state power, having a strong impact on the work carried out by the zemstvos. Firstly, the zemstvos sorely lacked finances for the implementation of socio-economic and cultural and educational activities, since taxes and zemstvo fees stopped coming from the population. Secondly, the inconsistent policy of the government of S.D. Merkulova in relation to the zemstvos led to the inhibition of their activities, the loss of a number of ancestral functions, and even to liquidation. In such a situation, the zemstvos carried out mainly social and economic work, trying to demonstrate their importance to the population. At that time, cultural and educational activities were practically not implemented.

Practical implications. The results of the research can be used in the educational process as material for lectures and teaching aids. Also in historical science, as a basis for expanding research on this problem.
TRANSLATION OF SUBTITLES TO ASIAN FILMS AND TV SERIES
Authors: Buzaeva Yana A. , Zhernova Irina Konstantinovna
Published: January 2023

Background. This issue is important today due to the growth of production in film industry and the necessity to translate Asian animes and doramas which are very popular among the Russian audience.

Purpose. The difficulties which a translator faces while working with subtitles to Asian films are analyzed.

Material and methods. The article studies the Netflix subtitle styleguide and doramas and animes, their distinctive features, the most famous directors and peculiarities of creating subtitles to them. It is the descriptive method that was used.

Results. Subtitles are in demand nowadays and this type of audiovisual translation is more economically advantageous than dubbing or voice-over. While creating subtitles one should consider a number of technical requirements, which lead to necessity to apply linguistic transformations. Given the lack of translators who know Asian languages the subtitles are translated from English into Russian. While working the translator should keep the consistency of terms and proper names, consider cultural features, transliterate names correctly.

Practical implications. The results received can be used in teaching audiovisual translation. The results can be of use for audiovisual translators.
PECULIARITIES OF EPITHETS TRANSLATION IN THE ADVERTISING TEXTS FOR CHILDREN’S GOODS
Authors: Lyulina Anna V. , Palyaeva Angelina L.
Published: January 2023

The article deals with the peculiarities of epithets translation in the advertising texts for children’s goods which are determined by the necessity of correct manipulative intentional message rendering. Epithets are regarded by the authors of the article as actualizers of mass recipients’ manipulation targets which are used by text producers for necessary perlocutionary effect achieving. Human vital needs, some basic emotions and parental instinct are specified as basic mass recipients’ manipulation targets. The goal of the article is to reveal the main peculiarities of epithets translation in the advertising texts for children’s goods being the actualizers of certain manipulation targets. The article is relevant as studying of translation strategy of advertising texts from the point of view of their intentional equivalents on all the speech act levels is not widely studied yet.

Background. Thorough level by level analysis of the manipulative speech acts of advertising texts is necessary for achieving equivalent and adequate variants of manipulative texts translations through revealing certain manipulation targets actualizers which are epithets.

Purpose. Peculiarities of epithets translation in the texts of advertising goods for children are revealed and studied in the article. Epithets are regarded in the article as specific manipulation targets actualizers which function in the advertisements.

Materials and methods. The material of the study is a bulk of the advertising texts for children’s goods which are posted on the official websites of these goods on the Internet. Intentional analysis and translation analysis of the text are used in the study.

Results. As a result of the study the role of epithets as a significant means of actualizing certain mass recipient manipulation targets in the texts of advertising goods for children was proved. The results show that preservation of the translated advertising text content is achieved through using epithets which actualize the same targets of manipulation as in the original text: parental instinct, basic emotions and the anticipation of the social ideal realization. This preservation of intentional message in the texts under study becomes one of the main skills of a translator or interpreter.

Practical implications. The results of the study can be used while teaching practice of translation in the universities and in the process of preparing recommendation on advertising texts translation.
Poetyka polskiego przekładu Genji monogatari, czyli Opowieści o księciu Genjim Murasaki Shikibu
Authors: Kordzińska-Nawrocka Iwona
Published: January 2023

POETICS OF THE FIRST POLISH TRANSLATION OF GENJI MONOGATARI, OR THE TALE OF GENJI BY MURASAKI SHIKIBU: THE TRANSLATOR’S POINT OF VIEW The article identifies the most important translation strategies and challenges faced by the translator of the first Polish translation of Genji Monogatari, or The Tale of Genji. The work, written in 1008, is a masterpiece of not only Japanese but also world literature and is widely included in the cultural heritage of humanity. Its author, Murasaki Shikibu (?978-1025 or 1031) is considered a forerunner of modern literary fiction with a profound humanistic approach. The work itself has been translated into modern Japanese and many European languages. Originally written in classical Japanese, it is distinguished by the ambiguity of expression, lexical polysemy, elaborate honorific language, and cultural hermeticism. The author discusses how, in light of the above, the Polish translation will balance the goal of making Murasaki’s work intelligible for the Polish reader with the need of preserving the elements of ‘foreignness’ of the old Japanese culture, for the translation is intended to fulfill not only a mediating and communicative function between Polish and Japanese cultures but also a cognitive one.
Fairness of Ratemaking for Catastrophe Insurance: Lessons from Machine Learning
Authors: Zhang Nan , Xu Heng
Published: January 2023

A hallmark of information technology use in disaster management is the wide adoption of complex information systems for risk assessment, portfolio management, and ratemaking in catastrophe insurance. Whereas the importance of catastrophe insurance to disaster preparedness is beyond dispute, catastrophe insurers are increasingly reckoning with the potential impact of inequality in insurance practices. Historically, the presence of inequalities in insurance, from redlining to pricing disparity, has had a devastating impact on minority communities. Even recently, people living in predominantly African American communities can still be charged more for the same insurance coverage than people living in other communities. Whereas the fairness of insurance ratemaking is studied in general, we identify a unique challenge for catastrophe insurance that sets it apart from other lines of insurance. Drawing upon the recent advances in machine learning for fair data valuation, we reveal striking connections between the two seemingly unrelated problems and lean on insights from machine learning to study the fairness of ratemaking methods for catastrophe insurance. Our results indicate the potential existence of disparate impact against minorities across existing methods, pointing to a unique solution that can satisfy a few commonly assumed properties of fair ratemaking for catastrophe insurance.
The Impact of Academic Stress on Cyberloafing with Fatigue as a Mediating Variable: Study of Students in Bandung City-Indonesia During a Pandemic
Authors: Simatupang Kristin Monica , Margaretha Meily
Published: January 2023

The evolution of the COVID-19 pandemic has affected various aspects of human life, with numerous activities carried out through networks, including education. Lecturers need to change their teaching strategies to make students able to accept the material provided. On the other hand, students must manage their lives without being limited by space and time to avoid stress and cyberloafing, especially in the academic field. Cyberloafing is the act of accessing the internet during study hours for personal interests. Therefore, this research aims to determine the effect of academic stress on cyberloafing and whether fatigue is a mediating variable between both factors. Data were collected from 284 students studying in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia. The results showed that the academic stress felt by students has a positive and significant effect on cyberloafing behavior. Although fatigue positively affects both factors, it does not mediate the relationship between them. The managerial implications in this research are expected to be used as material for evaluating online learning methods for students, as well as to make them aware of the negative impact of cyberloafing behavior during lectures.