bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
LONG-LIFE PULSED VACUUM-ARC PLASMA SOURCE
Authors: Sysoiev Iurii , Shyrokyi Yurii , Fesenko Kseniia
Published: October 2023

The design of a pulsed vacuum-arc plasma source with an ignition system based on dielectric surface breakdown is presented and the principle of its operation is described. In the engineered plasma source, a four-section anode is used along with an equal number of arc ignition sections. Additionally, separate power supply circuits are employed
for both the main pulsed arc discharge and the arc ignition circuit. Independent operation of each section of this device is carried out, essentially constituting a combination of four pulsed plasma sources in one, the coordinated functioning of which is ensured by the control system. Practical tests of the pulsed plasma source have revealed its advantages as followed: a fourfold increase in the ignition system life-time; achieving uniform depletion of the cathode working surface; and, under specific conditions, enhancing the productivity of the plasma source.
PENGARUH UKURAN BAHAN BAKU ECENG GONDOK (Eichornia crassipes) DAN WAKTU HIDROLISIS PADA PROSES PEMBUATAN KERTAS
Authors: Jannah Mifthahul , Kusyanto Kusyanto , Harjanto Harjanto
Published: October 2023

Hyacinth populations that disturb water areas can be reduced by utilizing water hyacinths as raw materials for papermaking because hyacinths have a cellulose content of 24.5% which has the potential to produce good quality paper. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of raw material size and hydrolysis time on the papermaking process in accordance with ISO 11108: 1996 and SNI 0698: 2010 by varying the size of water hyacinth raw materials namely 0.1 cm, 1-2 cm, and utuh and hydrolysis time of 30, 60, 90, 120, 150 minutes using the reflux heating method. The optimum hydrolysis time and raw material size were obtained at 150 minutes and a variation in the size of the raw material of utuh with a cellulose content of 56.83%, moisture content of 6.01%, and paper tear resistance of 1856.79 mN.
Unlocking the Secret to a Restful Night's Sleep: Understanding Insomnia (Anidra) and Overcoming it with Ayurveda
Authors: Priyanka Sharma  , Braham Datt  , Manish Kumar Sharma  , Amit Choudhary
Published: October 2023

Sleep is a naturally occurring state of both mind and body. The challenge of insomnia disorder arise when an individual subjectively perceives or subpar sleep quality. This can manifest in various ways, including difficulty initiating sleep, frequent nighttime awakenings with subsequent struggles to return to slumber, premature morning awakenings. Insomnia is intimately linked to various medical and psychiatric conditions and can have profound repercussions on an individual's overall quality of life and emotional well-being. Regrettably, in our contemporary world, a growing number of individuals have become reliant on sleep-inducing medications, forming habitual dependencies on them. Within the framework of holistic well-being, three essential pillars support a healthy life: Aahar (nutrition), Nidra (sleep), and Brahmcharya (celibacy or responsible sexual conduct). Nidra, plays a crucial role in nourishing the living body. Anidra, the absence of sound sleep, has been meticulously described by ancient scholars in various contexts, such as its connection to Vata Nanatmaja Vikara and Vataja Jwara. Traditional Ayurvedic therapies, known as Panchkarma, offer effective approaches to address Anidra. These therapies include Shirodhara (a continuous stream of warm oil on the forehead), Shirobasti (retaining oil on the head), Shiroabhyang (head massage), Shiropicchu (warm oil application in the ear canal), and Padaabhyang (foot massage). These techniques have proven to be valuable in the treatment of insomnia. In light of recent research findings, it is our aim to delve into the underlying causes, consequences, and potential management strategies for insomnia, all through the unique lens of Ayurvedic wisdom.
Physiology of Pain and its Management in Ayurveda w.s.r. to Jalaukavacarana
Authors: Shubham D.Pokharna  , Ravindra S.Dhimdhime  , Yogesh Shevale
Published: October 2023

Pain is the most common symptom; it is universally accepted as a signal of disease that brings the patient to a physician’s attention. It is a sensation in which additional factors like mental or spiritual distress can cause the same overarching sensation as a physical damage. Anxiety is a common side effect of any pain, whether mild or severe. It interferes with the patient's daily routine. Patient gets apprehensive or concerned about getting pain relief. It is generally known that NSAIDs can have serious side effects, which are mostly attributed to their underlying mechanisms of action. NSAIDs like indomethacin, ibuprofen, diclofenac, naproxen, aspirin, causes damaging action upon the stomach and intestine due to their acidic nature. While the selective COX-2 inhibitors cause significant adverse effects in the renal and cardiovascular systems, possibly more serious than those caused by conventional NSAIDs. Leech therapy or Jalaukavacarana, universally accepted around the globe, is an integral part of Ayurvedic medicine especially Panchakarma. Although not directly indicated for pain-management in Ayurveda texts, various studies have identified the presence of analgesic enzymes in leech’s saliva that can be effective in pain management in musculoskeletal disorders. So purpose of this article is reduce the use of NSAIDS and avoid there adverse effect and use new emerging Ayurvedic methods.
Effect of Siravedha in the Management of Viswachi with special reference to Cervical Radiculopathy
Authors: Renju L A  , V R Remya  , M S Deepa
Published: October 2023

Radiculopathy, commonly referred as pinched nerve, refers to a set of conditions in which one or more nerves are affected and their functioning is hampered. Cervical radiculopathy is a clinical condition resulting from compression of nerve roots due to disc herniation or degenerative stenosis which leads to neck pain, numbness and radiating arm pain in the distribution of the affected nerve root. Often this radicular pain is accompanied by motor or sensory disturbances also. The main treatments available are use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, epidural steroid injection and surgery in the last stages. But the side effects of NSAID’s, incomplete neurologic recovery, loss of full cervical range of movement and surgical complications are the main hurdle in the management of cervical radiculopathy. In Ayurvedic classics, clinical picture of cervical radiculopathy can be explained under the heading of Viswachi. It is a Vatavyadhi mainly affecting the Kandaras leading to restricted movements and loss of function of upper limb. At present, there is no specific treatment procedure, which can offer quick relief of pain and other associated symptoms of cervical radiculopathy. Acharya Susruta mentioned Siravedha in the management of Viswachi. It is one of the most effective methods of Rakthamoksha by which vitiated Doshas can be eliminated in a faster way. In the present study, 150ml of blood was withdrawn from corresponding cephalic vein as a onetime procedure. Assessments were done before procedure, immediately after procedure, on 7th, 14th, 21st and 28th day after procedure. The results showed Siravedha is an effective treatment procedure in the management of Viswachi.
A Review on Shwasahara Dravyas in Bhavaprakash Nighantu
Authors: Kailash Rana  , Ashwani Upadhyaya  , Navneet Sharma  , Rashmi Srivastava  , Chandni Gupta  , Ram Deo Pandit
Published: October 2023

Respiratory disorders (Shwasa Roga) and coughs are global health complaints that affect everyone differently throughout their lives. These complaints are prevalent across all age groups. Dyspnea (shortness of breath) caused by respiratory dysfunction is classified under Shwasa Roga in Ayurveda. Exposure to dust, smoke and environmental variations are the main risk factors for this disorder. Bhavaprakasha Nighantu is one of the foundational texts of Ayurveda. It contains descriptions of Dravyas which are indicated for various diseases and also Shwasahara Dravyas. In this review article, an extensive search of drugs for Shwasa Roga, in Bhavaprakasha Nighantu is done. The study showed that out of 23 Vargas of drugs in Bhavaprakasha Nighantu, 18 Vargas contain 92 Dravyas for Shwasa of plants, animals, and minerals origin.
KONSELING KELOMPOK MENGGUNAKAN TEKNIK MODELING SIMBOLIS MELALUI FILM PENDEK UNTUK MEREDUKSI PERUNDUNGAN VERBAL
Authors: Halida Halida , Borneo Zaky Ibrahim Zayn
Published: October 2023

This research aims to reduce verbal bullying by using group counseling using symbolic modeling techniques through short films for students. This type of research uses quantitative research, Quasi Experimental design, namely Pre test- Post test Control Group Design, the population is class VII students at SMPN 4 Pontianak. The sampling technique was carried out using a non-probability sampling technique. Data was collected using a verbal bullying questionnaire, distributed directly to students in class. The method used is the descriptive method, the data described are the results of the pretest and posttest from the experimental group and the control group. From this data, the average, variance, standard deviation, highest value and lowest value are calculated. The data used is interval data, the analysis is carried out using non-parametric statistics. Hypothesis testing using paired sample t-test. The research results revealed that there were significant differences in the pre-test and post-test results in the experimental class which used group counseling with symbolic modeling techniques through short films. Meanwhile, the control class used conventional group counseling. The pre-test average for the experimental class was 118.71, then after being given treatment, the level of verbal bullying decreased to 77.14. Meanwhile, the average score in the control class pre-test with conventional group counseling was 120.71, decreasing to 105.14. Based on the output of Pair 1, a sig value is obtained. (2-tailed) of 0.000 < 0.05 means there is a difference in the average level of verbal bullying among victims for the pre-test and post-test of the experimental class. Group counseling using symbolic modeling techniques using short films and discussions can reduce verbal bullying among students. Group counseling with short films shown is able to influence students' souls and feelings so that they are able to be stronger and tougher in facing verbal bullying from around students.
Screening of Phytoresources from the Romanian Flora with medical applications against Covid - Review
Authors: Catana Rodica , Moldoveanu Mirela M. , Mihai Raluca A. , Botezatu Anca , Albulescu Adrian , Kosakyan Anush , Florescu Larisa
Published: October 2023

Plants are an important means of combating numerous harmful influences on humans (microorganisms, viruses, fungi, etc.) and have always been used to treat various diseases. In the context of the Covid pandemic, interest in the use of plants has increased. Great importance has been given to screening plants' potential against Covid (antiviral, anti-inflammatory, immunostimulatory, and antioxidant). According to recent research, many of the plant species used against Covid are of Asian origin. In this review, we aim to discuss the plant species with these medicinal potentials with a focus on Romanian flora. We have listed a total of 50 Phyto-resources from Romanian flora with different potentials: 26 containing the confirmed anti-covid compounds, and 9 species having antiviral, anti-inflammatory, immunostimulant, and antioxidant potentials.
Fuzzy Set Qualitative methodology for identifying the Critical Process Parameters and Quality attributes in the manufacturing of Arogyavardhini Rasa
Authors: Mankodi Hemaxi , V J Shukla , B J Patgiri
Published: October 2023

The traditional drug manufacturing process involves numerous qualitative attributes that directly impact product quality. The Process Analytical Technology approach considers that to enhance process control, identifying critical process parameters and critical quality attributes that affect the manufacturing process is very much necessary. The Ayurvedic drug manufacturing process is more driven by fuzzy qualitative attributes. The present study was executed to identify the Critical Process Parameters and Critical Quality Attributes in the manufacturing process of a herbo-mineral formulation, viz. Arogyavardhini Rasa. Fuzzy set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA) methodology was adopted to observe and identify the critical parameters. The study was executed in three steps, viz. Data collection, Data arrangement, and Analysis. The raw data collected was arranged and analyzed in the software R studio using the package QCA in four steps, viz. Calibration, Analysis of Necessity and Sufficiency, Truth Table construction, and Minimization. The results obtained show that Size reduction, Mardana, and Drying are the identified Critical Process Parameters that, in combination, lead to the outcome, i.e., good product quality. Thus, this study proves that Fuzzy Set Qualitative Comparative Analysis can be used as an efficient tool for the identification and measurement of the Critical Process Parameters that affect the Critical Quality Attributes and, thereby, the product quality in the manufacturing of Arogyavardhini Rasa.
Importance of Swa Anguli Pramana in Health Assessment: Insights from Cross-Sectional Study on Aayama Relationship
Authors: T Akhil Babu , Bawa Rupali R , Chandurkar Nitin , Gulhane Pavan R
Published: October 2023

Introduction: The anthropometry techniques used today share similarities with the method described in Ayurveda by the acharyas. Ayurvedic science adopts a more personalized approach to measurement, taking into account individual variations in the body proportions for a greater precision in assessing each body part. In contrast to the modern approach, which relies on a generalized view, ayurvedic science offers significant advantages. Method: Survey conducted among 400 individuals to determine the correlation between swa anguli pramana (measurement of the width of the proximal phalanx of the middle finger in the palmar aspect) and aayama (height). Result: The study found that there was a change in the average swa anguli pramana values, which caused a noteworthy difference in the aayama of the individuals. The study clearly indicates that, swa anguli pramana is positively associated with height of individual. Discussion: However, the study does not invalidate the swa anguli pramana measurement technique or elevate the contemporary day standard metric system above it. The existing metric system has limitations, such as variations with changes in gender, race, and area, whereas swa anguli standards are individualistic and not impacted by these aspects. The study suggests that revalidation of the pramanas is required, but considering it as a standard system of measurement remains relevant.
A Comparative Clinical Study on the effect of Vachadi Avaleha versus Mustakadi Avaleha in the management of Pratishyaya (~Recurrent Rhinitis) in school going children: A Single-blind Randomized Control Trial
Authors: Yewale Prasad Gajanan , Mate Swapnali , Khaire Utkarsha
Published: October 2023

Background: In Ayurveda, Pratishyaya (~Recurrent Rhinitis) is described in Shiro-roga (Head disease).Pratishyaya (~Recurrent Rhinitis) is a common disease of childhood and it is well known for its recurrence. Immature Dhatu (tissues) state in children makes them more susceptible to recurrent infections. Clinical features of Pratishyaya (~Recurrent Rhinitis) can be correlated with rhinitis. Aim & Objective: To study the effect of vachadi  avaleha  and mustakadi avaleha  in management of pratishyaya (~recurrent rhinitis). To study comparative efficacy of vachadi avaleha  and mustakadi avaleha  in management of pratishyaya(~recurrent rhinitis). Material & Method: Study comprises total 60 patients of Pratishyaya (~recurrent rhinitis) randomly divided into two equal groups.  Group A (Experimental  group)  was  treated with  Vachadi avaleha two times a day after meal with honey and Group B (Control group) was treated with Mustakadi Avaleha administered  two  times  a  day  after  meal  for  90 days.  Patients were assessed for subjective parameters like rhinorrhoea, sneezing, nasal congestion, recurrence of rhinitis, duration of rhinitis per episode. Patients were assessed on every 30th day till completion of study period. Result- The effect of Mustakadi Avaleha (Group B) is significant at p<0.05 for subjective criteria such as nasastrava (rhinorrhoea), kshavathu (sneezing), and nasavarodha (nasal congestion) of pratishyaya (~Recurrent Rhinitis). Conclusion: Vachadi  Avaleha is not as significant as Mustakadi avaleha in Pratishyaya (~Recurrent Rhinitis).
Ayurveda Management in Diabetic Neuropathy vis-à-vis Prameha Upadrava–A Case Study
Authors: Kodre Shweta , Varghese Jibi , Zarin Khan Aqsa , Pansare Snehal , Niware Mohini , Bhatia Shreya , Mathew Manna
Published: October 2023

Background- Diabetes mellitus (DM) in India has a higher prevalence (4.3%) than in the west (1-2%) and its complication rate is also high.  Diabetic neuropathy symptoms include pain, numbness, reduced sensation of touch or oversensitivity, uncomfortable tingling and burning, skin ulcer and reduced reflexes. Diabetic neuropathies are seen in approximately 50% of individuals with long standing type 1 and type 2 DM and it often goes undiagnosed. This article presents a case study of patient with signs and symptoms of neuropathy who came with the complaint of lower back pain, bilateral lower limb pain, pricking sensation and burning sensation. Diabetic Neuropathy Examination score (DNE) along with other neuropathy screening parameters was more than 60% indicating functional loss. The Nerve conduction study also revealed demyelinating polyneuropathy.

Observations and Results: The patient was treated with ayurvedic oral medication, Abhyanga (~application of medicated oils), swedana (~fomentation), and basti (~medicated enema). After ayurvedic treatment the patient showed good remission in pain, burning sensation and DNE along with all neuropathy screening were less than 20%. Patient got marked relief in all the symptoms.
A comparative Study of Structural Properties and Antacid activity of some commercial samples of Shauktika bhasma
Authors: Wadekar Mrudula , V B Adsul
Published: October 2023

Backgroud: Shauktika Bhasma is a traditional ayurvedic medicine which is an excellent remedy for a number of stomach disorders, hyper acidity and ulcers. It is prepared from mother pearl by subjecting the powder of mother pearl to traditional ayurvedic processes. To get a worldwide recognition to such supreme ancient medicine, it is necessary to reinvestigate it on the basis of modern analytical techniques.In the present work a comparative study of some commercial samples of Shauktika bhasma is undertaken to understand the current status of this bhasma and to explore its acid neutralization capacity using back titration method. Materials and Methods: Samples from renowned pharmacies are collected and subjected to chemical and structural investigations using analytical techniques like XRD, IR and UV. Back titration method is applied to find acid neutralizing capacity of these bhasma samples. Conclusion:The study reveals that Shauktika bhasma is chemically calcite form of calcium carbonate. Antacid activity of the samples is reported for these samples using simple titration method which is useful to estimate number of moles neutralized for a quick comparison. The antacid activity of the samples is found to be inversely proportional to the crystallite size of the bhasma.
Madhuca longifolia var. latifolia (Roxb.) A.Chev: A plant with medicinal boon
Authors: Kumar Pandey Abhishek , Rakesh Smriti
Published: October 2023

Throughout human history, people used to obtain drugs from natural resources like plants to cure their ailments and improve their health. Nowadays human beings rely more on herbal medicines for the treatment of various ailments because they show better therapeutic activity and have very little to zero side effects on the human body. Madhuca longifolia is also one of the plants used in this category. The plant has been used by people for its medicinal properties since the Ayurveda period (before B.C 300). The plant possesses various medicinal activities including anti-proliferative, anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, anti-cancer, anti-ulcer and antidiabetic, and antioxidant activity. In various parts of India, the plant is used in the treatment of different diseases in ethnomedicinal practices. The plant possesses several phytochemicals which are responsible for its medicinal properties.  The primary focus of this manuscript is to emphasize the significance of diverse ethnomedical characteristics, multiple preclinical investigations, and clinical trials conducted on this particular plant. The study also encompasses the plant's geographical distribution, pharmacognostic and anatomical studies, as well as its various anthropological applications within the Indian subcontinent.
Integrative Approach on Post COVID-19 and Infertility: A Literature Review
Authors: A Dorage Priyanka , A Thatere Ashish
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Post COVID-19 Syndrome is term given to multitudinous health impacts that persist more than four weeks after being infected with SARS CoV-2. Viral infections are one of the causative factors which lead to infertility by affecting the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal, gonad axes. Covid-19 can be corelated with Janapadodhwansajanya Vyadhi and Abhishangaja Jvara while Post COVID-19 can be corelated with Jeerna Abhishangaja Jvara. Methodology: Information for present review is compiled from classical texts of Ayurved with commentary and variety of scientific search databases including Google Scholar, NCBI, PubMed and Science Direct by using keywords like Post COVID-19 infertility, Ayurved and Post COVID-19 infertility etc. Articles studied in detail after screening for relevancy to synthesize qualitative review. Result: The result reviewed on semen analysis, Renin angiotensin system, sperm DNA and morphology, cytokine storm, oxidative and mental stress. This review also illustrates the reproductive organ histology related to inflammatory responses, receptors like ACE-2, TMPRSS2 etc., various cases reported like orchitis, irregular menstruation, premature birth, caesarean delivery etc. due to SARSCOV-2 exposure. This showed association between Long COVID and infertility. Discussion: Information discussed are focused on various study conducted on impact of COVID crisis related to various infertility parameters associated with Long COVID. Due to Jirna Avastha of Jvara (~Fever persists after 21 days from onset), Uttarottar Sapta Dhatu Dushti occurs which ultimately can land up in Dushti of Shukra Dhatu, Shukravaha Strotas and Aartavavaha Strotas (~Reproductive system). The integrative approach of Ayurvedic management will be beneficial in such cases.
Effect of methanolic extract of Ventilago maderaspatana leaves on liver function markers and histopathology of liver tissue in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
Authors: Boreddy Venugopal Reddy , Thopireddy Lavanya , Kesireddy Sathyavelu Reddy , Saddala Rajeswara Reddy
Published: October 2023

Aim: The liver is particularly vulnerable to oxidative stress brought on by hyperglycemia since it is the main tissue. In order to better understand how Ventilago maderaspatana leaf methanolic extract (MEVML) affects liver function markers and the histology of liver tissue in STZ-induced diabetic rats, this study looked into the hepatoprotective potential of MEVML. Method: A single STZ dose of 50 mg/kg body weight was given to the animals to cause diabetes. All of the experimental groups' serum was tested for levels of alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), γ-glutamyl transferase (GGT), and urea content. Results: The results revealed a marked increase in the serum levels of urea, ALT, AST, ALP, and GGT activity. The results of MEVML treatment, however, were equivalent to those of glibenclamide treatment in that they led to a decline in the activity of ALT, ALP, AST, GGT, and urea content in the diabetic group of rats. Furthermore, diabetic rats' liver tissue showed considerable histological alterations. However, treatment with Ventilago maderaspatana methanolic leaf extract and glibenclamide considerably reduced these histological alterations. Conclusion: Overall, the findings of our study show that MEVML reduces liver function biomarkers and restores the architecture of hepatic tissue to reduce hepatic tissue damage under diabetes stress conditions.
Preventive measures
Authors: Sandu Cristina Emanuela
Published: October 2023

The first fundamental human values, namely individual freedom of the person together with freedom of religion, were the main human rights. According to the Romanian Constitution, the fundamental law of the country, the right to liberty is considered to be the most important right of citizens and, at the same time, it is the subject of many conventions, treaties, as well as other acts to which Romania is a party. Individual liberty and security of person may not be violated and shall enjoy special protection in accordance with the principles and norms of international and domestic law. Being part of a social formation, man is obliged to respect the norms that the state institutes. The restriction of man's freedom must not lead to its annulment, nor must the power of coercion be taken to an exterm, and therefore, in order to remove all suspicion, the intervention of law arises, adapting social relations so as to ensure the balance between coercion and freedom. However, human rights and fundamental freedoms are linked in a well-defined circumstance, which leads to the strengthening of the rule of law. Deviation from the legal order established by the state by citizens leads to the application of a sanction provided for by the law in force. The purpose of this paper is to explore the notions of "procedural measures" and "preventive measures", the classification of procedural measures, as well as preventive ones, the competence of judicial bodies, the role and importance of preventive measures, the general conditions for applying preventive measures, the analysis of preventive measures, as well as their taking, replacement, revocation and legal termination, and last but not least, the remedies by which preventive measures were ordered.
College belonging among university students during COVID-19: An online interpretative phenomenological (OIPA) perspective
Authors: Subasi Yakup
Published: October 2023

The purpose of this study was to identify the factors that either facilitated or complicated students' sense of school belonging and to determine the levels within the Ecological Systems Theory (EST) framework to which participants attributed these influential factors, using the Online Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (OIPA) method. The OIPA approach is a qualitative research method and was used by the researcher for data collection and analysis in this study. Data were collected online using the OIPA form. The study cohort consisted of 82 university students (65% female, 35% male) from three different state universities in different cities in Türkiye. The results of the analysis revealed 20 facilitating factors, including elements such as friendships (33%), participation in activities and events (22%), and interactions with professors (20%). The study also identified 21 barriers, including economic challenges (39%), anxiety (32%), and experiences of exclusion and being ignored (29%). Participants attributed these facilitators and barriers to different levels of Ecological Systems Theory (EST). Specifically, they associated 63% of facilitating factors and 55% of complicating factors with the individual/intrapsychic level, 20% of facilitating factors and 51% of complicating factors with the microsystem level, 8% of facilitating factors and 26% of complicating factors with the exosystem level, and 15% of facilitating factors and 55% of complicating factors with the macrosystem level. Overall, participants linked 39% of facilitating factors and 52% of complicating factors to all levels combined.
Analysis of Market Volatility and Economic Factors in Emerging Markets
Authors: Owusu Florence
Published: October 2023

Purpose: The aim of the study was to investigate analysis of market volatility and economic factors in emerging markets.
Methodology: This study adopted a desk methodology. A desk study research design is commonly known as secondary data collection. This is basically collecting data from existing resources preferably because of its low cost advantage as compared to a field research. Our current study looked into already published studies and reports as the data was easily accessed through online journals and libraries.
Findings: Findings indicated that economic indicators played a significant role in influencing market volatility, with higher inflation rates and currency fluctuations contributing to increased market uncertainty. These empirical observations provided valuable insights for investors, policymakers, and financial institutions to navigate the complexities of emerging markets and make informed decisions.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Efficient Market Hypothesis Theory, Portfolio and Financial Contagion Theory may be used to anchor future studies on analysis of market volatility and economic factors in emerging markets. Stakeholder should translate theoretical insights into practical tools, researchers can contribute to informed decision-making, risk management, and market stability. Researchers should collaborate with governmental and international organizations to identify regulatory gaps and propose measures to enhance market resilience.
Relationship between Corporate Governance Practices and Credit Risk in Banking
Authors: Abiola Abebi
Published: October 2023

Purpose: The aim of the study was to investigate Relationship between Corporate Governance Practices and Credit Risk in Banking.

Methodology: This study adopted a desk methodology. A desk study research design is commonly known as secondary data collection. This is basically collecting data from existing resources preferably because of its low cost advantage as compared to a field research. Our current study looked into already published studies and reports as the data was easily accessed through online journals and libraries.

Findings:The findings indicated a significant correlation between effective corporate governance practices and lower levels of credit risk exposure within banks. Specifically, banks that exhibited robust governance mechanisms, including independent board oversight, transparent risk management frameworks, and strong internal controls, demonstrated reduced instances of credit defaults and non-performing loans. These findings collectively underscored the pivotal role of corporate governance in mitigating credit risk and enhancing the overall stability and resilience of banking institutions.

Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Agency Theory, Stakeholder Theory and Pecking Order Theory may be used to anchor future studies on relationship between corporate governance practices and credit risk in banking. Banks should prioritize recruiting directors with diverse skill sets, including expertise in risk management, to serve on their boards. Regulators should impose stricter disclosure requirements for banks' credit risk exposure and management practices.
Internal Control System and Financial Statement Fraud of Quoted Banks in Nigeria
Authors: Abeki Dr. Solomon
Published: October 2023

The menace of financial statement fraud which has sent notable and reputable corporate entities to their unimaginable early grave soon after the publication of juicy profits has continuing posing catastrophic threats and bleeding the global economy into a state of comma. This dreaded phenomenon around the globe may be demystified through effective internal control system to provide managers with the means to increase accountability for their programs and to obtain reasonable assurance that the programs they direct meet established goals and objectives. Intuitively, an effective system is not only restricted to a digital one but to one that is able to deter, prevent and detect fraudulent activities frontally. The main aim of this study is to develop an internal control system that will help in reducing financial statement fraud of quoted banks in Nigeria through not only its deterrent, predictive and detective properties; but also, the recommended internal control procedures and policies which the accounting profession should adopt. Deterrent control mechanism, and preventive control mechanism were the proxies of internal control system while improper revenue recognition, overstatement of assets were the sub-constructs of the financial statements fraud. The researchers adopted correlational survey design for the study and used primary data via structured questionnaire. The null hypotheses test and other data were analyzed by Pearson Product Moment Correlation and simple linear regression tools with the aid of Statistical Packages for the Social Sciences version 25. The study found that all the internal control system proxies; deterrent control mechanism, and preventive control mechanism positively and significantly related to improper revenue recognition and overstatement of assets of quoted banks in Nigeria in the period of this study. The study concludes that internal control system effectively and significantly related with the financial statement fraud. Based on the empirical findings, the study recommends the need for banks as a matter of necessity to continue to reinvigorate and maintain the tone at the top culture with effective risk management, energizes segregation of duties and job rotation with mandatory annual leave policies for the purposes of rooting out financial statement fraud in Nigeria banks.
INTERCORRÊNCIAS EM TOXINA BOTULÍNICA
Authors: Soares Pereira Fernanda
Published: October 2023

Esta revisão bibliográfica aborda as intercorrências no uso da toxina botulínica em procedimentos estéticos. Foram analisadas referências científicas, incluindo estudos clínicos, revisões sistemáticas e meta-análises. As principais complicações relatadas foram ptose palpebral, assimetria facial, efeitos indesejados no sorriso, dor no local da injeção, equimose e edema. Apesar disso, as intercorrências são geralmente de baixa incidência, leves e transitórias. A revisão ressalta a importância do conhecimento e da experiência do profissional de saúde na prevenção e no manejo adequado dessas complicações. A toxina botulínica continua sendo considerada um tratamento seguro e eficaz quando administrada corretamente.
A IMPORTÂNCIA DO TREINAMENTO E DO DESENVOLVIMENTO NA GESTÃO ESTRATÉGICA DE PESSOAS NA ADMINISTRAÇÃO PÚBLICA
Authors: Tomaz Maria Alexsandra , Tomaz Antonio Alex Dayson
Published: October 2023

Com as constantes mudanças, as organizações públicas e privadas estão modificando seus conceitos em relação à gestão de pessoas e percebendo que o ser humano é o recurso mais importante, uma vez que as pessoas são relevantes na construção das competências organizacionais e no alcance dos objetivos e das metas. Assim, as instituições estão buscando formas eficientes e eficazes de atuação que lhes permitam o uso adequado dos recursos e a melhoria na prestação de seus serviços para enfrentar os constantes desafios. Funcionário ineficiente é um dos fatores que contribui para as organizações não alcançarem resultados satisfatórios. Os profissionais quando são treinados, motivados e engajados irão apresentar capacidades gerenciais para agilizar os processos e reduzir os gastos administrativos. O presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar a importância do treinamento e do desenvolvimento organizacional na gestão de pessoas na administração pública. Para isso, foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica a respeito do tema. Assim, verificou-se que, as pessoas têm uma importância crucial nas organizações e devem ser capacitadas e preparadas para atender os interesses da organização, seja ela pública ou privada. O treinamento e o desenvolvimento pessoal proporcionado pela gestão de pessoas são fundamentais para as instituições garantirem a produtividade e competitividade, pois visam à melhoria do conhecimento, habilidades e atitudes do indivíduo.
THE PRODUCTIVE UNIVERSITY AND HUMAN CAPITAL (THE POST ERA OF KNOWLEDGE PRODUCTION)
Authors: SAHRAOUI Abdellah , Zohra BELLAL Fatima
Published: October 2023

The developments that characterized the global knowledge economic arena resulted in an increase of interest in human capital, and competition shifted towards the accumulation of competent minds who are able to adapt the accumulated knowledge to serve both society and the state and use it to enhance their presence in the competition towards hegemony. Accordingly, the importance of universities in training and rehabilitation increased, after their importance in scientific research, because of their pivotal role in the system of knowledge production and linking them to the growing needs of development, and; thus, in supplying economic and social sectors with a qualified individual to run the reins of life in its local and global dimensions. It has become necessary, in light of the expansion of the use of modern technologies and their control over people's lives and their dominance over the forms of their practice of them, for the university to turn into an institution that serves what is expected of developments in people's social system and in their ways of living, and to provide sample, practical, and direct services to society in various fields of life, in an effort to solve its problems and driving its progress by providing it with human energies capable of leading it. In accordance with the idea of a university that produces human capital, which carries the philosophy of a positive impact on the movement of society, and the realization of full achievements of scientific and technical development so as to be more involved in meeting people's needs for development, change, progress, and the practice of life effectively and competently. Since human groups tend to make use of the most of technical and technological knowledge that dominates the form and mechanisms of practicing life, both in present and future times, to manage their interests with a click button on a tablet, or a lock button on a computer Third Millennium University is required to adapt quickly to serve this, and to qualify capable human framework to put it all into practise. Within this framework, the present paper attempts to answer the following questions: How does the university transform from a knowledge-producing university into a field to adapt it to serve people and society? How does the university contribute to providing society with the human competencies that employ knowledge accumulation to produce it, and; thus, making the accumulation of efficient human capital its first message? In light of the university's practice of its formative role, which is planned for it in the immediate and future terms?
EDUCATION CONDITIONS IN THE TURKISH REPUBLIC (HISTORICAL STUDY)
Authors: Ghasab ABOD Nawras , Ibrahim HSWNI Zainab
Published: October 2023

Attention to the educational sector is the most prominent pillar in the program for the advancement of developed countries, as the main role of the educational institution is to develop ideas, implement plans, and find outputs in the educational sector in a way that serves society and the government . Thus, the modern Turkish Republic, after its establishment at the hands of Mustafa Kemal Ataturk, sought to modernize the state and carry out various reforms, and the aspect of education was one of those aspects that received attention, and this is evident in his speech in the city of Bursa, in which he stated ((The nation in which science is not practiced It has no place on the high road of civilisation, but our nation, with its true qualities, deserves to be—and will become—civilized and progressive. Accordingly, he brought about a series of changes, including the Education Standardization Law on March 3, 1924, the merging of education in 1924, the adoption of the Latin alphabet for the Turkish language instead of the Arabic language, and the opening of national schools in 1928, as well as the University Education Law on May 31, 1933, despite the challenges and crises Which Turkey faced, but was able to achieve that change, and this reflected positively on the institutions of the state and Turkish society, as it allowed keeping abreast of scientific developments and constantly updating its curricula, because its clear goal is to find efficient education that is an addition to the labor market.
Maternal Hydration with Intravenous Versus Oral Therapy in the Correction of Isolated Oligohydramnios in the third Trimester of Pregnancy
Authors: Nosheela Javed  , Mahjabeen  , Qurra tul Ain  , Farzana Nawaz  , Maryam Asif  , Najma Khursheed
Published: October 2023

Objective: To compare the effectiveness of oral hydration versus intravenous hydration therapy in correcting amniotic fluid volume in women presenting with isolated oligohydramnios in the third trimester.

Methodology: A randomized controlled study was conducted at the Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad, over six months from March 2021 to September 2021. One hundred and twenty-six patients were enrolled, with 63 in each group. Patients with AFI < 5 cm in the third trimester, singleton pregnancies, and no associated maternal or fetal risk factors were included. Demographic data, AFI at baseline, and hydration details were collected. Patients were divided into two groups: one received oral rehydration solution (ORS) every 30 minutes, and the other received intravenous (IV) lactated Ringers solution over one week. APGAR scores at 1 & 5 minutes were compared between the two study groups  using independent samples t-test. P value â‰¤0.05 was taken as significant.

Results: Both groups were comparable in terms of demographic parameters and pre-intervention water intake. AFI increased significantly in both groups compared to baseline at various intervals and persisted even one week after the completion of the study. Urine specific gravity decreased significantly after one week in both groups. Birthweight and Apgar scores at 1 and 5 minutes were comparable in both groups.

Conclusion: Both oral and intravenous hydration significantly increased amniotic fluid volume and were equally effective in correcting isolated oligohydramnios in the third trimester. Oral hydration is a non-invasive, cost-effective, and convenient alternative to intravenous hydration, offering potential benefits for pregnant women without the need for hospital admission or IV lines.
Метод моделирования интегрированныХ групп БПЛА
Authors: Т. Б. Керибаева  , К. Алибеккызы  , К. Т. Кошеков  , А. Т. Байдилдина  , В. В. Семенюк
Published: October 2023

"В работе рассматривается математическая модель определение координат интегрированных групп БПЛА. В статье анализирована сфер применения беспилотных летательных аппаратов. Рассматривается перспективные области беспилотных авиационных систем, интегрировавшие комплекс дистанционно-управляемых летательных аппаратов. В статье предложены для решения проблем устойчивые структуры интегрированных групп. Исследован метод моделирования интегрированных групп БПЛА, включающий математическое описание и компьютерный эксперимент. Анализировано структуры интегрированных групп и при формировании которых учитывались критерии устойчивости топологии при перемещениях и надежности каналов передачи данных, построенных на основе VLC технологий. При получение результатов предложены математические описание и разработаны компьютерные модели интегрированных групп БПЛА соответствующие критериям устойчивости топологии при перемещениях и надежности каналов передачи данных, построенных на основе VLC технологий. В работе описана в программе Matlab R2020b построены компьютерные модели роев БПЛА в трехмерной системе координат. Разработка моделей включала три этапа. Исследован следующие этапы: кинематическая уравнения, сила взаимодействия, построение компьютерного моделирования. В работе рассмотрена виды топологии интегрированной группы БПЛА. Цель данной статьи разработать математические модели и построить компьютерные модели роев БПЛА. Ключевые слова: метод, беспилотные летательные аппараты, управление, сеть, модель, координата. "
अद्वैतवेदान्त में प्रत्यक्ष-सम्प्रत्यय
Authors: डॉ. गोविन्द प्रसाद मिश्र
Published: October 2023

भारतीय दार्शनिक चिन्तन में अविद्या समस्त दुखों का मूल कारण है | अविद्या एवं उसके संस्कारों को नष्ट करके सत्यज्ञान का बोध कराना ही भारतीय दर्शन का उद्देश्य है | यहाँ सत्य एवं असत्य के निर्णय हेतु लक्षण एवं प्रमाणों का निर्देश है- 'लक्षणप्रमाणाभ्यां वस्तुसिद्धिः | प्रमाणों के द्वारा सत्यासत्य परीक्षण ही न्याय है- प्रमाणैरर्थपरीक्षणं न्याय: | भारतीय दर्शन में यथार्थ ज्ञान (प्रमा) प्राप्ति के साधन को प्रमाण कहा गया है जिनमे प्रत्यक्ष ,अनुमान,शब्द,उपमान.अर्थापत्ति , अनुपलब्धि आदि प्रमाण प्रमुख हैं| यद्यपि प्रमाणों की संख्या के सम्बन्ध में सभी दर्शनों में मतैक्य नहीं है, नास्तिक चार्वाक केवल एक ( प्रत्यक्ष ) , बौद्ध एवं वैशेषिक दर्शन दो ( प्रत्यक्ष,अनुमान ), जैन, सांख्य, योग, रामानुज तीन (प्रत्यक्ष ,अनुमानएवं शब्द ), न्याय दर्शन चार (प्रत्यक्ष ,अनुमान,शब्दएवं उपमान. ) प्रभाकर मीमांसा पांच ( प्रत्यक्ष ,अनुमान,शब्द,उपमान एवं अर्थापत्ति ,), भट्ट मीमांसा एवं अद्वैत वेदान्त छः ( प्रत्यक्ष ,अनुमान,शब्द,उपमान.अर्थापत्ति एवं अनुपलब्धि) ,तथा पुराण आठ प्रकार के प्रमाण (प्रत्यक्ष ,अनुमान,शब्द,उपमान.अर्थापत्ति , अनुपलब्धि, ऐतिह्य एवं संभव ) मानते हैं | प्रमाणों की संख्या में मतभेद होने के बावजूद सभी ने प्रत्यक्ष को ज्ञान का प्रथम साधन स्वीकार किया है | इसप्रकार प्रत्यक्ष को प्रथम/सर्वश्रेष्ठ प्रमाण स्वीकार करने में सभी वैदिक या वैदिकेतर दर्शन एक मत हैं यद्यपि प्रत्यक्ष के स्वरूप को लेकर उनमे आपसी मतभेद विद्यमान हैं
The Cut of Women’s Clothes
Authors: Waugh Norah
Published: October 2023

Each period in the history of costume has produced its own characteristic line and silhouette, derived from a cut and construction which varies considerably from age to age. Here are patterns taken from actual dresses, many of them rare museum specimens, illustrated by sketches of the dresses. There are notes on the production of women's dress, with references to early technical books and journals, together with diagrams from some of them. Numerous illustrations show the dresses as worn complete with their hairstyles, jewelry, decorations and accessories.
The Cut of Men’s Clothes
Authors: Waugh Norah
Published: October 2023

This book traces the evolution of the style of men’s dress through a sequence of diagrams accurately scaled down from patterns of actual garments, many of them rare museum specimens. The plates have been selected with the same purpose. Some are photographs of suits for which diagrams have also been given; others, reproduced from paintings and old prints, show the costume complete with its accessories. Quotations from contemporary sources--from diaries, travelers’ accounts and tailors’ bills--supplement Norah Waugh’s text with comments on fashion and lively eyewitness descriptions.