bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Interactions between stearic acid and calcite surfaces: Experimental and computer simulation studies
Authors: Zhang Lihua , Liu Laibao , Li Xiaopeng , Tang Youhong , Liu Chuanbei , Zhang Hong‐Ping
Published: July 2021

Calcite surface was modified with stearic acids, and the interaction between them was investigated both experimentally and theoretically. Stearic‐acid‐modified calcite powders were investigated with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, zeta potential analyser and contact angle measurement. Then, the density functional theory calculations were performed to explore the interaction at the atomic scale. The experimental results and simulation indicated that stearic acids interact with calcite surface via chelation between the double‐bond O atom of –COOH and the Ca atom on calcite surface. The terminal methyl group of the stearic acids decreases the hydrophilicity of the calcite surface, and the interaction between different crystal faces of calcite is different.
Few‐shot action recognition using task‐adaptive parameters
Authors: Zong Pengcheng , Chen Peng , Yu Tianwei , Yan Lingqiang , Huan Ruohong
Published: July 2021

Few‐shot action recognition aims to recognise unseen actions given a few examples. Thus, this letter proposes a model named meta relation network (Meta RN) to address such problem. This model contains two parts: a MetaNet and a relation network. Relation network is utilised to extract video features and classify actions. A second‐order pooling followed by power normalization is used for feature enhancement, and target videos are finally classified by exploring nonlinear distance relations. The MetaNet module is designed to model different task distributions and generate task‐adaptive parameters for the embedding layer of the relation network in different tasks. Experimental results on two public action recognition datasets demonstrate that the network achieves higher accuracies than several state‐of‐the‐art approaches.
A novel adversarial transfer learning in deep convolutional neural network for intelligent diagnosis of gas‐insulated switchgear insulation defect
Authors: Wang Yanxin , Yan Jing , Jing Qianzhen , Qi Zhenkang , Wang Jianhua , Geng Yingsan
Published: July 2021

Recently, numerous data‐driven fault diagnosis methods have been developed, and the tasks involving the same distribution of training and test data have been well solved. However, considering the particularity of gas‐insulated switchgear (GIS), collecting massive data, especially with the same distribution, is difficult. Therefore, existing fault diagnosis methods hardly achieve satisfactory insulation defect diagnosis with small datasets. Aiming at solving this problem, a novel domain adversarial transfer convolutional neural network (DATCNN) is proposed, realising the diagnosis of GIS insulation defects on small samples. First, a residual CNN is built to learn feature representations from the source and target domains. Second, the domain adversarial training strategy is used for feature transfer, where a conditional adversarial mechanism is introduced, and the joint distribution of features and labels is improved to a random linear combination, which realises the simultaneous adaptation of features and labels. Finally, the Nesterov accelerated gradient descent optimisation algorithm is used to speed up the gradient convergence. DATCNN has 99.15% and ≥89.5% diagnosis accuracy for GIS insulation defects in the laboratory and on‐site, respectively. Comprehensive experiment results show the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed method in diagnosing GIS insulation defects with small samples.
CyclingNet: Detecting cycling near misses from video streams in complex urban scenes with deep learning
Authors: Ibrahim Mohamed R. , Haworth James , Christie Nicola , Cheng Tao
Published: July 2021

Cycling is a promising sustainable mode for commuting and leisure in cities. However, the perception of cycling as a risky activity reduces its wide expansion as a commuting mode. A novel method called CyclingNet has been introduced here for detecting cycling near misses from video streams generated by a mounted frontal camera on a bike regardless of the camera position, the conditions of the built environment, the visual conditions and without any restrictions on the riding behaviour. CyclingNet is a deep computer vision model based on a convolutional structure embedded with self‐attention bidirectional long‐short term memory (LSTM) blocks that aim to understand near misses from both sequential images of scenes and their optical flows. The model is trained on scenes of both safe rides and near misses. After 42 hours of training on a single GPU, the model shows high accuracy on the training, testing and validation sets. The model is intended to be used for generating information that can draw significant conclusions regarding cycling behaviour in cities and elsewhere, which could help planners and policy‐makers to better understand the requirement of safety measures when designing infrastructure or drawing policies. As for future work, the model can be pipelined with other state‐of‐the‐art classifiers and object detectors simultaneously to understand the causality of near misses based on factors related to interactions of road users, the built and the natural environments.
Kinematics and star formation of high-redshift hot dust-obscured quasars as seen by ALMA
Authors: Díaz-Santos Tanio , Assef Roberto J. , Eisenhardt Peter R. M. , Jun Hyunsung D. , Jones Gareth C. , Blain Andrew W. , Stern Daniel , Aravena Manuel , Tsai Chao-Wei , Lake Sean E. , Wu Jingwen , González-López Jorge
Published: July 2021

Hot, dust-obscured galaxies (Hot DOGs) are a population of hyper-luminous obscured quasars identified by WISE. We present ALMA observations of the [C II] 158 μm fine-structure line and underlying dust continuum emission in a sample of seven of the most extremely luminous (EL; Lbol ≥ 1014 L⊙) Hot DOGs, at redshifts of z ≃ 3.0−4.6. The [C II] line is robustly detected in four objects, tentatively in one, and likely to have been red-shifted out of the spectral window in the remaining two, based on additional data. On average, [C II] is red-shifted by ≃780 km s−1 from rest-frame ultraviolet emission lines. EL Hot DOGs consistently exhibit very high [C II] surface densities, with Σ[CII] ≃ 1−2 × 109 L⊙ kpc−2, which is as high as the most extreme cases seen in other high-redshift quasars. As a population, EL Hot DOG hosts seem to be roughly centered on the main sequence of star-forming galaxies, but the uncertainties are substantial and individual sources can fall above and below. The average, intrinsic [C II] and dust continuum sizes (FWHMs) are ≃2.1 kpc and ≃1.6 kpc, respectively, with a very narrow range of line-to-continuum size ratios, 1.61 ± 0.10, suggesting they could be linearly proportional. The [C II] velocity fields of EL Hot DOGs are diverse: from barely rotating structures, to resolved hosts with ordered, circular motions, to complex, disturbed systems that are likely the result of ongoing mergers. In contrast, all sources display large line-velocity dispersions, FWHM[CII] ≳ 500 km s−1, which are, on average, larger than optically and IR-selected quasars at similar or higher redshifts. We argue that one possible hypothesis that explains the lack of a common velocity structure, the systematically large dispersion of the ionized gas, and the presence of nearby companion galaxies, may be that the EL Hot DOG phase could be recurrent, rather than a single event. The dynamical friction from the frequent in-fall of neighbor galaxies and gas clumps, along with the subsequent quasar feedback, would contribute to the high turbulence of the gas within the host in a process that could potentially trigger not only one continuous EL, obscured event –but instead a number of recurrent, shorter-lived episodes as long as external accretion continues.
Modeling accretion shocks at the disk–envelope interface
Authors: van Gelder M. L. , Tabone B. , van Dishoeck E. F. , Godard B.
Published: July 2021

Context.As material from an infalling protostellar envelope hits the forming disk, an accretion shock may develop which could (partially) alter the envelope material entering the disk. Observations with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) indicate that emission originating from warm SO and SO2might be good tracers of such accretion shocks.

Aims.The goal of this work is to test under what shock conditions the abundances of gas-phase SO and SO2increase in an accretion shock at the disk–envelope interface.

Methods.Detailed shock models including gas dynamics were computed using the Paris-Durham shock code for nonmagnetizedJ-type accretion shocks in typical inner envelope conditions. The effect of the preshock density, shock velocity, and strength of the ultraviolet (UV) radiation field on the abundance of warm SO and SO2is explored. Compared with outflows, these shocks involve higher densities (~107cm−3), lower shock velocities (~few km s−1), and large dust grains (~0.2 μm) and thus probe a different parameter space.

Results.Warm gas-phase chemistry is efficient in forming SO under mostJ-type shock conditions considered. In lower-velocity (~3 km s−1) shocks, the abundance of SO is increased through subsequent reactions starting from thermally desorbed CH4toward H2CO and finally SO. In higher velocity (≳4 km s−1) shocks, both SO and SO2are formed through reactions of OH and atomic S. The strength of the UV radiation field is crucial for SO and in particular SO2formation through the photodissociation of H2O. Thermal desorption of SO and SO2ice is only relevant in high-velocity (≳5 km s−1) shocks at high densities (≳107cm−3). Both the composition in the gas phase, in particular the abundances of atomic S and O, and in ices such as H2S, CH4, SO, and SO2play a key role in the abundances of SO and SO2that are reached in the shock.

Conclusions.Warm emission from SO and SO2is a possible tracer of accretion shocks at the disk–envelope interface as long as a local UV field is present. Observations with ALMA at high-angular resolution could provide further constraints given that other key species for the gas-phase formation of SO and SO2, such as H2S and H2CO, are also covered. Moreover, theJames WebbSpace Telescope will give access to other possible slow, dense shock tracers such as H2, H2O, and [S I] 25 μm.
A review on the sustainability of solar home system for rural electrification
Authors: Scott-George Andrew , Li Chong , Tang Yee Kwan , Saha Shimul , Bin Ali Muhammad Tareq , Marma Aong , Pal Sudip
Published: July 2021

For the past 20 years, the solar home system (SHS) has been the dominant means of facilitating energy access for the poorest members of rural communities in the developing world. On paper, SHSs appear to be a sound solution to the difficulties in providing affordable and stable electricity to those likely to be left behind by other approaches. Indeed, evidence to date suggests that use of SHSs has accelerated the global electrification rate. However, there is mounting evidence that the long-term success rate of these systems and their effect on recipient communities is incredibly varied. Prompted by the results of a survey that uncovered widespread negative experiences amongst SHS users in rural Bangladesh, this study presents the results of a systematic literature review into the existing case studies of global SHS deployments. The search terms and websites used are presented clearly alongside the criteria used to filter results. Having identified a lack of long-term case studies the papers obtained are used to extract insights on the evolving strategy of SHS distribution, the mechanisms of SHS failure and crisis posed therein, and the most exciting areas of research for ensuring that when communities become electrified in future, they stay so. A three-element framework is offered for understanding SHS sustainability; community engagement, affordability, and appropriate maintenance infrastructure.
An Innovative Smart Grid Framework for Integration and Trading
Authors: Silva Fabio , O’Regan Brian
Published: July 2021

Smart Grids (SGs) are at the forefront of the renewable resources transformative change for power generation. Due to its decentralised energy generation approach and potential reduction of the cost of power, its relevance for the energy sector is insurmountable. However, new business models and processes are necessary, and they come with integration, implementation, and operation-specific challenges. This work offers a broad analysis of SG’ main architectural aspects concerning security issues, integration bottlenecks and standardisation shortcomings in the development of an efficient platform for local energy (generation and storage) surplus trading. Through a multi-layered smart grid architecture description, this work develops an in-depth depiction of the interoperability between these layers (from top business layer passing through information and communications layers, and down to generation and storage layers). Therefore, this paper encompasses a comprehensive framework to address central smart grids design aspects and suggests a path to integrate the smart grid components into a cohesive and manageable trading platform. Finally, this work demonstrates how the proposed framework can be applied to real market study cases to highlight its solutions, provide a critical evaluation of potential implementation pitfalls, and identify opportunities for further stateof-the-art research.
Costs of Perico (Coryphaena Hippurus) freezing for the improvement of the quality of life of artisanal fishermen in Peru
Authors: Milón Guzmán Juan José , Braga Sergio Leal , del Carpio Beltrán Herbert Jesús , Díaz Coa Mario Enrique
Published: July 2021

An experimental study was carried out to determine the costs of freezing artisanally fished Perico (Coryphaena Hippurus) in Peru. A refrigeration chamber was equipped with electrical and temperature sensors to determine the thermal efficiency and thus calculate the costs of freezing the fish. The results indicate that it is possible to freeze and store fish to avoid speculation due to over production and thus improve the selling prices. In this way, it is possible to store the fish until the prices are attractive again so that fishermen sell their product at fair prices and progressively improve their quality of life.
Identifying, Exploring and Verifying Resilient Grading System for Parks under the Disaster Context of Floods and Winds
Authors: Pan Hao-Zhang , Ou Sheng-Jung
Published: July 2021

In our living environment, we frequently encounter natural disasters such as typhoons, floods, earthquakes, drought, petrochemical plant safety accident, stripping accident and so on. Due to global climate change, natural disasters have become even more devastating. Thus, it is important to look for ways to mitigate disasters. This study employs the concept of resilience to examine the ability of parks to recover from natural disasters. According to previous disaster history, the damage caused by natural disasters in the parks is mainly water and wind. Therefore, this study first conducted a literature review to find out relevant resilience criteria that are advantageous for combating water and wind disasters, and to recognize the degree of resilience achieved by each criterion. Then, based on the elements of the resilience criteria, the study establishes a preliminary resilience grading system. Furthermore, three different types of parks are evaluated under the grading system. This study provides a theoretical basis for resilience grading and suggestions for improving parks in the future.
Research on Status and Outlook of Using Different Solvents for CO2 Capture in a Rotating Packed Bed
Authors: Liu Yichen
Published: July 2021

This study investigates the removal efficiency of carbon dioxide by aqueous absorbents containing monoethanolamine (MEA), piperazine(PZ), diethylenetriamine(DETA) and ionic liquids in a rotating packed bed. The performance of an absorbent was assessed in terms of an overall volumetric mass transfer coefficient and regeneration heat duty. The CO2 removal efficiency in a rotating packed bed was observed to be more suitable than that in a packed column, suggesting a potential of a rotating packed bed can replace a traditional packed column to the usage of reduction of the greenhouse gas CO2 from the exhausted gas. The mixture containing PZ and DETA exhibited a high CO2 removal efficiency among these absorbents. Besides, DETA has a lower regeneration heat duty than MEA, which means the finest mixture for industrial CO2 capture system will be the combination of PZ, DETA, and ionic liquids, instead of traditional alkanolamines, MEA.
Modern Contradictions and Prospects for the Development of Non-Urban (Rural) Territories
Authors: Dulepinskikh Lyudmila , Sycheva Larisa , Yunusova Olga
Published: July 2021

The article is devoted to the problems of the current state and prospects for the development of rural areas of the Russian Federation. The issues of the integrated development of rural areas are currently acquiring special relevance. The main factors in the development of non-urban areas are associated with the political, economic and social development strategy of the country. Considering the dynamics of changes in the number of municipalities, we observe a decrease in the number of rural settlements. The main reasons of this situation are considered: a decrease in the rural population, a decrease in the number of births in the countryside, an annual decline in natural population growth, an increase in deaths in rural areas. The existence of many problems of life in villages and villages is confirmed by a sociological survey of rural residents. The existing system for managing the development of rural areas definitely has positive results, but mainly where production has been preserved and operates. Enterprises that perform production activities in the countryside are most often city-forming. They help the municipality to solve economic and social problems. These organizations participate in program projects for the development of the territory with their own share of co-financing. They are primarily interested in creating decent living conditions in the countryside, an influx of population into rural areas, an increase in the number of ablebodied people and jobs. We have identified the main contradictions that hinder the integrated development of non-urban areas, contribute to the outflow of rural residents and the extinction of villages. But it is the “Population” indicator that is one of the determining ones when calculating subsidies in the territory for equalizing the budget, for solving issues of local importance related to the construction and repair of schools, maintenance of roads, maintenance of housing and communal services, provision of drinking water, etc. The article identifies the main directions for the further development of rural areas in order to enhance the socio - economic situation in the countryside.
The state of infrastructure facilities of the Kola Peninsula for the independent life of people with disabilities
Authors: Zhigunova Galina
Published: July 2021

The article examines the problem of accessibility of objects of social infrastructure of the Kola Peninsula for disabled people. The study was based on the method of monitoring the state of infrastructure in 13 settlements of the region, in which 701 objects were examined for accessibility for the disabled. As a result of observation, the objects were divided into accessible, conditionally accessible and inaccessible; accessibility indices were calculated for different areas of activity. The study revealed uneven processes of creating an accessible environment in the Kola North, depending on the type of settlements and the location of objects. Most of the accessible infrastructure facilities are located in cities on central streets and are aimed at access mainly for people with musculoskeletal disorders. Social protection institutions, banks and post offices provide access for people with disabilities best of all. In other areas of activity, objects are only partially accessible.
Targeted Management of Labor Productivity for Sustainable Development of Enterprises
Authors: Simonova Marina , Grikhno Vladlena , Nikolashina Natalya
Published: July 2021

Study purpose: scientific substantiation of an innovative approach to economic concepts related to productivity and determination of the location of labor productivity in the product value added chain to ensure sustainable development. Methodology: the development of a model for creating added value with the allocation of a stage in it at which human labor is used, allowed the author to determine the possibility of setting goals for the short, medium and long term for various stages of production. The article substantiates the need to divide the principles of calculating labor productivity by stages of added value creation, highlighting the stage of creating innovations. As a result of the decomposition of the goals of the production system, the author comes to the conclusion that there is a need for more accurate positioning of labor productivity in the value-added chain and the transition from setting the goal of increasing labor productivity to solving a problem that ensures an increase in the efficiency and stability of the entire economic system. As a result of the research, a model for coordinating the growth of labor productivity and investment directions to achieve high rates of productivity and stability of the economic system has been drawn up.
Digital transformation of SME business models as a factor of sustainable socio-economic development
Authors: Sinyuk Tatiana , Panfilova Elena , Pogosyan Ruzanna
Published: July 2021

The article deals with technological and managerial aspects of digital transformation of Russian SME business models. The purpose of this article is to develop theoretical and practical approaches to the study of SME business models based on the index of digital transformation of Russian SMEs to justify effective policies for sustainable socio-economic development of the regional and national economy. The article provides quantitative estimates of various parameters of SME business models digitalization using the index of digitalization for SMEs, and also notes the uneven digital development of SME business models in the structural aspect of the array of economic actors, as well as for different sectors of the economy and indicates the existing differences in “digital maturity” business models between SMEs of the capital and regional SMEs. The differences and specific features between different types of business models of SMEs depending on their degree of digital maturity are noted.
Determination of the development level of information and telecommunication networks within the regions of Siberian Federal District
Authors: Chuvashova Maria , Druzhinin Gleb , Gorbacheva Alena
Published: July 2021

According to the scientific papers of the Russian scientists, the parameters for assessing the quality of economic space are population density, spatial connectivity and location of production. The parameter of the spatial connectivity is considered. In most of the Russian scientific papers, the term “the spatial connectivity” is determined by the level of transport networks development. In most Russian scientific papers when forming models for assessing the spatial connectivity of regions, the issue of territorial connectivity by information and telecommunication networks is not investigated. The papers analyses the main characteristics of the concept of regional space connectivity and its properties. An econometric analysis of statistical data on indicators characterizing information and telecommunication networks for each of the regions of the Siberian Federal District has been carried out. The mathematical model and an algorithm for automating the procedure for calculating statistical indicators in the Python language in the Spyder programming environment were proposed for calculating the indicators. The most and least developed regions within developing the information and telecommunication networks have been identified. The resulting mechanism for determining the level of development of information and telecommunication networks will be useful for monitoring the territory and drawing up a passport of an each region.
Russia’s Quality Higher Education on the Global Agenda of Sustainable Development
Authors: Kulikova Elena , Durandina Olga , Molokova Elena
Published: July 2021

Nowadays, many countries are searching for the best models of higher education that can ensure the implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals. In the context of the Global Development Agenda, education is considered as a spatial system that has the potential to increase the effectiveness of harmonizing economic, social and environmental aspects of human life. The paper correlates the objectives of the fourth Sustainable Development Goal “Ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all” and the strategic planning directions of Russia’s higher education system. It is concluded that there is a set of problems in the global agenda implementation due to the regional specifics of the formation and development of Russia’s higher education system.
Process approach to waste management in Russia
Authors: Beskrovnaya Vera , Nazarova Anna , Kolesnikov Roman
Published: July 2021

The article is devoted to a relevant topic - formation of approaches to improving the management system of the process of handling solid municipal waste. An analysis of the available scientific sources allows us to conclude that there is a trend in the integration of project management and the concept of sustainable development in the Russian industry. On the basis of the process and design approaches, the authors have proposed a structural and functional model of the processes of handling solid municipal waste at the regional level, the result of which will be the transformation of part of the waste into secondary materials and energy resources.
Cartographic Support of Local Environmental Monitoring of Licensed Areas of Oil Production Enterprises of the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug - Yugra
Authors: Kozelkova Evgeniya , Seredovskikh Boris , Vasikova Alina , Isypov Vladimir
Published: July 2021

The work includes environmental monitoring of the license areas of oil production enterprises of the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug. The main geological and ecological problems on the territory of the study object (Bakhilov license area) were identified. The spatial information sources of the use of GIS technologies for the creation of cartographic material were analyzed. The spatial information sources of the use of GIS technologies for the creation of cartographic material were analyzed. Methods of drawing up a project of an auxiliary coordinate network of locations of checkpoints and sampling and drawing up maps in the QGIS program were considered. Based on the standard GIS functionality, a cartographic model of the project plan for local environmental monitoring of license areas of the Bakhilov group of fields has been developed. Thanks to the series of maps created by the cartographic method, it is possible to monitor the anthropogenic load on the landscapes of the territory, the dynamics of the areas of anthropogenic changes, the degree of degradation of natural complexes.
Crack resistance of bismuth ferrite films obtained on a flexible substrate
Authors: Ramazanov Shikhgasan , Ţălu Ştefan , Sobola Dinara , Orudzev Farid , Ramazanov Guseyn , Selimov Daud , Kaspar Pavel , Macků Robert , Nazarov Anton
Published: July 2021

Ultrathin BiOx and FeOx layers were obtained by Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD) on the surface of a flexible Kapton substrate (poly (4,4’-oxydiphenylene-pyromellitimide)) at a temperature of 250 °C. The layer thickness was 50 - 100 nm. Surface morphology, electrical polarization, and mechanical properties were investigated by Atomic Force Microscope, Piezoelectric Force Microscopy and Force Modulation Microscopy. Chemical analysis was performed by X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy, where the formation of Bi2O3 and Fe2O3 phases, as well as intermediate phases in the Bi-Fe-O system, was observed. With a small increase in the Bi content of the film, the BFO / Kapton structure becomes more crack resistant. Modification of the Kapton surface with bismuth and iron oxides showed that such a composition exhibits multiferroic behavior.
Legal and civil patriotic education in Russia university as a factor of sustainable development societies
Authors: Suslov Aleksei , Belova Irina , Litinskaya Elena
Published: July 2021

The article analyzes the problem of forming patriotism and citizenship during the period of students ’ education in higher educational institutions. Educational work is considered as an integral part of the educational activity of a higher educational institution. The goals and objectives of legal and civil patriotic education, its role in the formation of a fullfledged citizen and patriot of their country are formulated. The article reveals the successful experience of individual educational institutions in organizing mass events of a civil-patriotic orientation among students, as well as the difficulties and problems in conducting them. Special attention is paid to the experience of the Kazan National Research Technological University.
Texts rendering into a foreign language. Distant learning experience
Authors: Kaskova Margarita , Demina Olga
Published: July 2021

This article examines the effectiveness of pedagogical techniques and means of stimulating educational motivation during the classes “Rendering and annotating text in a foreign language” in distant learning in higher education. Experimental training was conducted to test the effectiveness of the authors’ electronic text rendering tutorial for students learning Italian as a second language. The experiment was carried out among the 2-nd and 3-rd year students of the Linguistics department in the Institute of Foreign Languages of the RUDN University in the 2019-2020 and 2020-2021 academic years. Currently e-learning has successfully integrated into the system of traditional education and is no longer seen as an alternative. The authors of this article focused on a combination of resources and tools from the Microsoft Teams platform and elaborated tutorial on rendering to motivate learners with distant learning. The article describes pedagogical practices for enhancing the motivation of students. We are talking about texts for rendering all major genres, functional styles, various topics, taking into account the level of students’ preparedness. With the aim of involving students in rendering activities and active expression of their own opinion, the researchers used an “ interpretive abstract “and included the paragraph “ OPPINIONE “ as its component. Experimental verification, its results and conclusions showed that combined rendering training based on e- tutorial developed by the authors and Microsoft Teams platform activates students’ motivation and contributes to their involvement in the process. The experiment showed another strong point of distant learning: it made a great contribution to the development of students’ independence, self-discipline and responsibility. 220.
Freedom and responsibility as key elements of sustainable development of education
Authors: Remizova Valentina , Nesterova Tatyana , Moiseeva Irina
Published: July 2021

The paper reveals the future teachers’ attitude towards freedom and responsibility in the context of sustainable development of education. Sustainable development seems to be impossible without the new generation of free, dignified, respectful, and responsible individuals. Freedom and responsibility are outlined from a pedagogical point of view. The concepts under study are considered to be of great significance for child’s development. The information obtained during the survey and questionnaire conducted with first-year students of the pedagogical university indicates that future teachers do not yet have sufficient experience to correlate adequately the possibility of revealing school students’ freedom and the need to be in charge of the behavior, actions and thoughts of their own. University students believe that school students generally take responsibility for completing individual assignments rather than common ones. Future teachers do not think that school students’ attitude towards education is responsible and trustworthy, would-be teachers doubt that school students are able to manifest freedom and responsibility to full extent. The empirical data drive to the conclusion that it is necessary to change future teachers’ attitude towards freedom and responsibility in their pedagogical activities. Future teachers are advised to change their attitude to freedom and responsibility in their activities.
Higher Pedagogical Education for Sustainable Development in Russia and in France: A New Master’s Degree Programs
Authors: Ilina Olga , Brazhnik Evgeniia
Published: July 2021

Higher pedagogical education in Russia and France is currently undergoing modernization. In connection with the new challenges of time, global changes in the world community there is a growing public interest in the problems of sustainable development as the only possible way of civilization movement. Under these conditions, there is a need to improve teacher training, the inclusion of new training modules in the educational process, and the creation of new master’s degree programs. This study aims to analyze the situation by introducing the idea of “education for sustainable development (ESD)” into the organization of higher teacher education, which is constantly reforming in the context of the Bologna process, on the example of two countries - Russia and France. The study identifies the main tendencies of pedagogical education modernization, examines the teacher training system in terms of ESD ideas, considers Master’s programs in universities of Russia and France.
Mind mapping as a tool of teaching English vocabulary at transport university
Authors: Marunevich Oksana , Shefieva Elmira , Bessarabova Olga
Published: July 2021

The core problem of teaching English as a second language at transport university is students’ poor knowledge of vocabulary. Current solutions to the given problem such as providing word explanations and repetitive practices are ineffective. We strongly believe that the mindmapping technique proposed by Tony Buzan as a note-taking method is a novel, yet an extremely potent tool that aids students in enlarging their professional word stock by associating new vocabulary to their existing knowledge using colors, images, symbols, etc. As might have been expected, the findings of our study point towards the idea that the strong visual appeal of mind maps created by easy-to-use software boosted the educational process and helped students of the experimental group memorize more new words in contrast to students of the control group.
The use of evocative content-section of foreign language media texts in environmental education
Authors: Konovalova Mariya
Published: July 2021

The article is devoted to the question of studying the application of a content-slicе of foreign-language media texts, created on the basis of evocative representation, in order to identify relevant environmental topics and use them in the process of teaching environmental students. An analysis of the evocative representation of environmental topics in media discourse, understood as a set of media texts, made it possible to single out the most demanded and topical issues in the modern global environmental community. The content-slice used in the study was developed on a cognitive basis with a systematic study of cognitive categories and types of information concept. Cognitive categories were identified by the representation in the titles of Englishlanguage media texts of a certain type of information concept indicating the importance and frequency of its reproduction in media discourse over a certain period. The identified cognitive categories and environmental topics were used in teaching environmental students English, significantly expanding the educational horizon of students, involving them in the discussion of modern environmental problems with an orientation towards the development of their own region and finding the place of its problems in global environmental practice. When using the content-slicе on media texts classified under environmental headings, the following environmental themes were identified: Danger of Hurricanes, Grееn Еnеrgy, Dangerous Footing; Global Warming / Climate Changе / Climate Skeptic, Pesticides, Biodiversity, Wildlife, Ecology in Space, Ecological education and researches, Recycling, Emissions. With the obvious value of using this material in the classroom of environmental students, the issues of practical development of these thematic areas not only in foreign language classes, but also in specialized subjects of environmental education have great potential.
SARS-CoV-2-Infektion des Verdauungstrakts – Experimentelle Ansätze einer Organoid-basierten in vitro Modellierung
Authors: Hentschel Viktoria , Groß Rüdiger , Krüger Jana , Münch Jan , Müller Martin , Kleger Alexander
Published: July 2021

SARS-CoV-2 ist eine neuartige humanpathogene Coronavirus-Variante, deren Prädilektion für den Atemwegstrakt zu einer raschen pandemischen Verbreitung durch viruspartikelhaltige Aerosole geführt hat. Die individuelle Organsuszeptibilität wird maßgeblich durch die Besatzdichte mit dem membranständigen Rezeptormolekül ACE2 bestimmt, das als zentraler Interaktionspartner für das virale Spike-Protein den Adhäsions- und Fusionsprozess vermittelt und somit die Grundvoraussetzung zur Aufnahme des Virusgenoms in die Wirtszelle schafft. Ausgehend von einem umfangreichen Datensatz klinischer Studien und Fallberichte, gilt es mittlerweile als gesichert, dass auch bestimmte Zellpopulationen des Verdauungstrakts sowie des funktionell angegliederten olfaktorisch-gustatorischen Systems über die erforderliche Rezeptorenausstattung verfügen und somit durch SARS-CoV-2 „angreifbar“ sind. Zahlreiche Berichte über gastrointestinale Beschwerden und Laborabnormalitäten sind als Indizien für relevante Organdysfunktionen zu werten und untermauern die klinische Bedeutsamkeit einer Mitbeteiligung des Verdauungstrakts im Rahmen einer SARS-CoV-2-Infektion. Organoide sind dreidimensional wachsende In-vitro-Replikate von Organgeweben und nehmen insbesondere dank der organtypisch komplexen zellulären Zusammensetzung und Imitation der physiologischen Funktionsweise von Primärzellen einen hohen Stellenwert für die infektiologische Grundlagenforschung ein. Diese Übersichtsarbeit befasst sich thematisch mit den pathophysiologischen Aspekten der Infektion verdauungsrelevanter Organe mit SARS-CoV-2 unter besonderer Würdigung existierender organoid- oder primärzellkulturbasierter Infektionsmodelle und der daraus hervorgegangenen Erkenntnisse.
Augmentative and Alternative Communication Supports for Language and Literacy in Preschool: Considerations for Down Syndrome and Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Barton-Hulsey Andrea , Phinney Sarah , Collins Sara
Published: July 2021

Children with Down syndrome and children with autism spectrum disorder have a range of speech abilities during preschool that impacts access to both language and literacy instruction. It is the responsibility of the speech-language pathologist to advocate for and provide intervention using augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) through individualized assessment. This article provides a review of the literature supporting the use of AAC during preschool for both language and literacy development in children with Down syndrome and children with autism spectrum disorder who have limited speech. A small scale exploratory report is discussed to highlight differences in early literacy skills found in children in each group. Implications for AAC intervention during preschool to support both language and literacy are discussed.
A Severe Case of Spondylometaphyseal Dysplasia Algerian Type with Two Mutations in COL2A1
Authors: Cammarata-Scalisi Francisco , Matysiak Uta , Willoughby Colin E. , Ruzaike Gunda , Cárdenas Tadich Antonio , Araya Castillo Maykol , Zara-Chirinos Carmen , Bracho Ana , Avendaño Andrea , Jilani Houweyda , Callea Michele
Published: July 2021

Spondylometaphyseal dysplasia Algerian type (MIM no.: 184253) is an uncommon autosomal dominant skeletal dysplasia caused by heterozygous mutations in the COL2A1 gene (MIM no.: 120140). In this case based review, we reported a 5-year-old boy with short stature, severe dorsolumbar scoliosis, lumbar hyperlordosis, short trunk, and severe genu valgum. Radiological examination showed platyspondyly, irregular metaphyseal radiolucencies intermingled with radiodensities, and corner fractures. The patient has a c.3275G > A; p.Gly1092Asp mutation in exon 47 of the COL2A1 gene and a variant of unknown significance in c.1366–13C > A in intron 21. This latter sequence variant could partially or completely disrupt the natural splice acceptor site of intron 21/exon 22 in the COL2A1 gene leading to a potential modification of the phenotypic severity.
Viral tunes: changes in musical behaviours and interest in coronamusic predict socio-emotional coping during COVID-19 lockdown
Authors: Fink Lauren K. , Warrenburg Lindsay A. , Howlin Claire , Randall William M. , Hansen Niels Chr. , Wald-Fuhrmann Melanie
Published: July 2021

Beyond immediate health risks, the COVID-19 pandemic poses a variety of stressors, which may require expensive or unavailable strategies during a pandemic (e.g., therapy, socialising). Here, we asked whether musical engagement is an effective strategy for socio-emotional coping. During the first lockdown period (April–May 2020), we surveyed changes in music listening and making behaviours of over 5000 people, with representative samples from three continents. More than half of respondents reported engaging with music to cope. People experiencing increased negative emotions used music for solitary emotional regulation, whereas people experiencing increased positive emotions used music as a proxy for social interaction. Light gradient-boosted regressor models were used to identify the most important predictors of an individual’s use of music to cope, the foremost of which was, intriguingly, their interest in “coronamusic.” Overall, our results emphasise the importance of real-time musical responses to societal crises, as well as individually tailored adaptations in musical behaviours to meet socio-emotional needs.
Converting existing optical detectors into fast x-ray detectors
Authors: Baker K. L. , Celliers P. , Tabak M. , Wallace R. , Sorce C. , Whiting N. , Grim G. , LeChien K. , Avila T. G. , Dolan D. H. , Robertson G. K. , Awe T. J. , Knapp P.
Published: July 2021

The very short burn time and small size of burning plasmas created at advanced laser-fusion facilities will require high-spatial-resolution imaging diagnostics with fast time resolution. These instruments will need to function in an environment of extremely large neutron fluxes that will cause conventional diagnostics to fail because of radiation damage and induced background levels. One solution to this challenge is to perform an ultrafast conversion of the x-ray signals into the optical regime before the neutrons are able to reach the detector and then to relay image the signal out of the chamber and into a shielded bunker, protected from the effects of these neutrons. With this goal in mind, the OMEGA laser was used to demonstrate high-temporal-resolution x-ray imaging by using an x-ray snout to image an imploding backlighter capsule onto a semiconductor. The semiconductor was simultaneously probed with the existing velocity interferometry system for any surface reflector (VISAR) diagnostic, which uses an optical streak camera and provided a one-dimensional image of the phase in the semiconductor as a function of time. The phase induced in the semiconductor was linearly proportional to the x-ray emission from the backlighter capsule. This approach would then allow a sacrificial semiconductor to be attached at the end of an optical train with the VISAR and optical streak camera placed in a shielded bunker to operate in a high neutron environment and obtain time-dependent one-dimensional x-ray images or time-dependent x-ray spectra from a burning plasma.
Molecular library of OLED host materials—Evaluating the multiscale simulation workflow
Authors: Mondal Anirban , Paterson Leanne , Cho Jaeyoung , Lin Kun-Han , van der Zee Bas , Wetzelaer Gert-Jan A. H. , Stankevych Andrei , Vakhnin Alexander , Kim Jang-Joo , Kadashchuk Andrey , Blom Paul W. M. , May Falk , Andrienko Denis
Published: July 2021

Amorphous small-molecule organic materials are utilized in organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs), with device performance relying on appropriate chemical design. Due to the vast number of contending materials, a symbiotic experimental and simulation approach would be greatly beneficial in linking chemical structure to macroscopic material properties. We review simulation approaches proposed for predicting macroscopic properties. We then present a library of OLED hosts, containing input files, results of simulations, and experimentally measured references of quantities relevant to OLED materials. We find that there is a linear proportionality between simulated and measured glass transition temperatures, despite a quantitative disagreement. Computed ionization energies are in excellent agreement with the ultraviolet photoelectron and photoemission spectroscopy in air measurements. We also observe a linear correlation between calculated electron affinities and ionization energies and cyclic voltammetry measurements. Computed energetic disorder correlates well with thermally stimulated luminescence measurements and charge mobilities agree remarkably well with space charge–limited current measurements. For the studied host materials, we find that the energetic disorder has the greatest impact on the charge carrier mobility. Our library helps to swiftly evaluate properties of new OLED materials by providing well-defined structural building blocks. The library is public and open for improvements. We envision the library expanding and the workflow providing guidance for future OLED material design.
Reactions of plasma-generated atomic oxygen at the surface of aqueous phenol solution: Experimental and modeling study
Authors: Sgonina K. , Bruno G. , Wyprich S. , Wende K. , Benedikt J.
Published: July 2021

A remote atmospheric pressure plasma source with He/O2 gas mixture, a so-called COST-Jet, is used for the treatment of aqueous phenol solutions. Phenol consumption and the formation of phenol oxidation products (catechol, hydroquinone, resorcinol, and pyrogallol) are measured with high-performance liquid chromatography/UV-VIS and direct-infusion high-resolution mass spectrometry. The variation of O2 admixture and phenol concentrations in combination with 2D axisymmetric modeling of species transport and reaction kinetics both in the gas and liquid phase allow us to obtain more information about atomic oxygen reactions at and transport across the liquid surface. The results show that most of the atomic oxygen reactions with phenol take place at the liquid surface, mainly due to the low value of Henry’s law solubility constant of atomic oxygen and the surfactant character of phenol molecules. This study indicates that other atomic oxygen reactions, e.g., the reaction with Cl− anions in phosphate-buffered saline or in saline solution to form ClO−, also take place predominantly at the surface of the liquid. The knowledge provided by this work has important implications for further development of plasma–liquid treatments involving atomic oxygen as a reactant.