bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Political Polarization and Media Influence: A Comprehensive Analysis
Authors: Lal Suruchi
Published: February 2025

In this contemporary era of the 21st century, where information is ubiquitous and the media serves as a mirror of society, this research analyzes the compelling interplay between political polarization and media influence. The escalating divide in political ideologies has become a pervasive concern, prompting an exploration into the role media plays in shaping and, potentially, bridging this gap. The purpose of this study is to unravel the intricate mechanisms underlying the relationship between media and political polarization, with a specific focus on the qualitative analysis of media content and its impact on public opinion. The study aims to generalize global cases while closely observing the situation in Nepal. Employing rigorous qualitative methods, including content analysis of news articles, social media posts, and television broadcasts, the research seeks to unveil the subtleties of how media narratives contribute to the polarization landscape. Drawing upon the theoretical foundations of agenda-setting and framing, the study aims to decipher how media not only reflects but also molds political discourse. Preliminary findings suggest a nuanced connection between media exposure, issue framing, and individual political attitudes. The research concludes by shedding light on the complex dynamics of media influence on political polarization, offering valuable insights for refining media practices and fostering a more informed and balanced public discourse. This investigation contributes a deeper understanding of the symbiotic relationship between media and political polarization, paving the way for informed strategies to navigate and mitigate this contemporary societal challenge.
Critical Appraisal on Central Place Theory of Christaller in the Context of Nepal
Authors: Kuikel Shachita
Published: February 2025

This paper critically analyzes the central place theory of Walter Christaller to connect the relationship of rural urban linkage in Nepal.  The study draws on diverse perspectives and differing geographical structure of Nepal with Southern Germany in regard of rural urban linkage. It is a theory of geographical perspective developed in the early 20th century by Christaller which can have nexus of the context of Nepal in some extent. This paper attempts to explain how cities and other settlements are spatially distributed and how they interact with each other in isotropic spaces and can be compared in heterogeneous geography like Nepal. The finding reveals the nexus of this theory in the context of Nepal with the spatial behavior of People.
Building Emotional Fortitude: The Interplay of Resilience, Self-Compassion, and Psychological Well-Being Among College Students
Authors: Sharma Deeksha , Sharma Ratna Dixit
Published: February 2025

College students deal with a range of personal, social, and academic obstacles that affect their psychological well-being (PWB). Self-compassion and resilience are recognized as crucial elements that shape mental health outcome. However, their combined effects on psychological well-being among college students require further exploration. The capacity to treat oneself with love, understanding, and acceptance when experiencing sadness, frustration, or failure is known as self-compassion. Individuals with resilience can maintain their mental and physical health while also being able to bounce back quickly from challenging circumstances. This review synthesizes the body of research on the association between college students' psychological well-being, self-compassion, and resilience. Students who possess resilience and self-compassion may be better able to manage their personal and academic stress. Through cognitive and interpersonal processes, for instance, strong trait resilience can lessen the symptoms of anxiety. Students in college’s total health depends critically on their psychological well-being, especially to handle obstacles at college. It aims to explore theoretical frameworks, empirical findings, and potential mechanisms linking these constructs.
Cyber Security and International Law: Government Transparency and Accountability through E-Government & Political Implications
Authors: Singh Dev , Kumar Nagarjun
Published: February 2025

The paper tries to explain and elaborate on how cybersecurity will shift the course of diplomacy and how international law could influence the mode in which international legal interest is exercised. It also explores how powerful organizations, like the United Nations, can change their behaviour in regard to approaches and policy-making strategies. Through the latest steps toward digitalization, decision-making and judgments made in legal services take a radically different form, not only within national borders but also on a large scale in international law and order. The international legal framework of cybersecurity is amorphous, yet disparate implementations have evolved primarily in the European Union. Countries had always wanted to store their sensitive information in-house and had feared surrendering it to international regulatory bodies, citing sovereignty as the reason. This has resulted in shallow and inconsistent enactment and enforcement of cyber norms across states. The ICT for Peace Foundation is an international organization that promotes peace and security. The foundation believes that the use of technology would advance a regional or international legal framework for negotiations to have tools to create a workable world in resolving conflicts. As cyber threats increased, major players such as the UN were prompted to reconsider negotiation approaches, policy sets, and partnerships. By using cybersecurity as a tool for cooperation expansion, the advance of peace in cyberspace, and consequently, the implementation of legal norms that will encourage innovation while protecting states in global governance, these institutions can fulfill their purpose.
Eduard Lukoyanov. The father of shatuns. Yury Mamleyev’s life to the grave and afterwards
Authors: Kulikova D. L.
Published: February 2025

In his biography of the renowned 20th-c. author, E. Lukoyanov portrays Yury Mamleyev’s multidimensional personality based on the writer’s own reminiscences as well as opinions of his friends, foes, readers, and like-minded thinkers. Far from trying to mythologize or deconstruct Mamleyev, Lukoyanov sets out to present a meticulous study of his life and artistic personality. The writer’s paradoxical ethical and religious creed is intertwined with the unconventional destiny of his novels and the contexts of their creation and first public attention. The book also details Mamleyev’s evolution as a writer — his momentous transition from the author of the underground The Sublimes [Shatuny] to the creator of Eternal Russia [Rossiya vechnaya], which offers a crystallized ideology instead of transgression. Lukoyanov’s book goes beyond a mere biography and offers literary critical analysis of several aspects of Mamleyev’s oeuvre, making the study even more valuable, given the shortage of literature on the subject.
Through wormholes to the stars. Stephen Hawking
Authors: Grinfeld V. A.
Published: February 2025

The article discusses the work of S. Hawking, who, besides his straightforwardly scientific output, is known for writing popular science and, relatively more recently, science fiction (with L. Hawking as his co-author). The study explores the advantages and flaws of Hawkings’ books and traces the connection between their plots and the mythic structures summarized by C. Vogler for novice writers. According to Grinfeld, the George Greenby series is an easy and exciting read and has all the makings of pure science fiction, a genre underrepresented in modern literature, unlike its punk subgenres or fantasy. In his interpretation of the novellas, the author discovers that, while succeeding in popularizing science (due to the readers’ interest in the series, for one thing), they all but fail to impress artistically. The main reason is that the series relies on a simplistic formula that does not vary or get reinvented from one book to another. The resulting works, therefore, belong to pop-science journalism rather than fiction, argues Grinfeld.
Facing the Challenges of Globalization: Transforming Madrasah Education from Bilingual to International Classrooms
Authors: Supriyanto  , La Hadisi  , Pairin  , Dirman  , Raehang
Published: February 2025

This study examines the process of transforming bilingual classes into international classes at MTs Ummusshabri Kendari and analyzes the community's response to the transformation. This article used a case study approach; the research involved in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and document analysis. The results show that this transformation involved significant changes in curriculum, pedagogical approach, and learning infrastructure. MTs Ummusshabri adopted the Cambridge curriculum integrated with the national curriculum and Islamic values. The main challenges include improving teachers' competencies, providing adequate facilities, and balancing international standards and madrasah identity. Community response, especially parents, has been generally positive, although there are concerns regarding tuition fees and academic pressure. The transformation has improved students' English proficiency, critical thinking skills and global outlook. MTs Ummusshabri's success in integrating international standards with Islamic values makes it a potential model for other madrasahs in Indonesia. This research highlights the importance of curriculum adaptation that considers local needs and religious values in the context of international education.
Acute Ischaemic Stroke and Thrombolytic Therapy
Authors: Karakuş Ali
Published: February 2025

Acute ischaemic stroke (AIS) is a preventable and treatable disease with high mortality and morbidity, accounting for 80% of cerebrovascular events. Hypertension (HT), atrial fibrillation (AF) and diabetes mellitus (DM) are risk factors in AIS. The diagnosis is made by starting thrombolytics within the first 4.5 hours after anamnesis, neurological examination and exclusion of haemorrhage by computed tomography.
Awake Video-Assisted Thoracic Surgery Under Fluoroscope Guided Thoracic Epidural in Patient with Severely Cardiac Dysfunction. a Case Report
Authors: Bhiwal Anil Kumar
Published: February 2025

Video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) is generally performed under general anesthesia however it can be performed under local or regional anesthesia in patients who unable to tolerate general anesthesia especially with poor cardiac and pulmonary reserve. Fluoroscope guided thoracic epidural may be a useful when blind technique is dfficult to loacate epidural space. Thoracic epidural technique resulted in decrease costs and shorter post-operative hospital stays however clinical outcomes is comparable to general anesthesia patients.

Here we reported a successful management of a awake thoracoscopic procedure under fluoroscope guidance epidural anesthesia with mild sedation while the patient kept spontaneously breathing in a 40-year-old woman with high cardiac risk. This patient showed a fast recovery without any complication of general anesthesia and effective postoperative analgesia through thoracic epidural.
Nutraceuticals Stirring the Modern Rehabilitation for Existence Diseases
Authors: Y. Parmar Mihir
Published: February 2025

Nutraceuticals are the pharmaceutical products that hold both nutritional in addition to the medicinal value. Such a creation is deliberate to advance the objective health, clash daily challenges such as stress, increase longevity, etc. Current days, importance is given to those herbs which are used as food and medicine due to its superior acceptance. The Demand of nutraceuticals among general public as well as healthcare providers has been gained over medicines and health supplements due to versatile action, Current literature review credentials herbs with a ample variety of salutary values like immunity jab, anti-diabetic, anti-cancer, anti-microbial, and gastro protective. So from various researches it was found out that herbs could be well again options to create as nutraceuticals. Numerous nutraceuticals are described based on their accessibility as food, chemical nature, and mechanism of action.
The Relationship Between the Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index and Non-Dipper Hypertension in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Hypertension
Authors: Karasu Mehdi
Published: February 2025

Background: It has been determined that there is an increase in mortality and morbidity rates due to cardiovascular diseases, which are observed more frequently in individuals with non-dipper hypertension (NDPHT). In this study, it was aimed to investigate whether there is a relationship between the systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), and NDPHT.

Materials and Methods: Patients who applied to the cardiology outpatient clinic between January 2022 to April 2022 with newly diagnosed HT were included in the study consecutively. Twenty-four hour ambulatory blood pressure (BP) measurement was performed for each patient, and the study population was divided into three groups as dipper hypertension (DPHT), NDPHT and normotensive. The patients were evaluated with their demographic characteristics, comorbidities and laboratory values. SII was calculated for each patient.

Results: There was no significant difference between the groups in demographic parameters. Left ventricular wall was thicker in the hypertensive group than the control group, and the left ventricular mass index (LVMİ) was higher in the hypertensive group. (p=0.017). Hs-CRP levels were significantly higher in the non-dipper hypertensive group than in the other groups (p=0.028). SII >347 had 69% sensitivity and 77% specificity in predicting NDPHT (area under the curve 0.789, p<0.001).

Conclusion: İt is feasible to develop a auxiliary diagnostic method with 69% sensitivity and 77% specificity (SII>347) to predict non-dipping status in newly diagnosed treatment-naive hypertensive patients.
Clinical Pharmacology of Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole in Paediatric Patients
Authors: Pacifici Gian Maria
Published: February 2025

Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole is the sulphonamide used in paediatric patients. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole is available as a single-entity preparation and its introduction in clinic has been an important advance in treatment of bacterial infections. Trimethoprim inhibits bacterial dihydrofolate reductase an enzyme downstream form the one that sulphonamides inhibit in the same biosynthetic sequence. This formulation consists in a ratio of sulfamethoxazole:trimethoprin 20:1, may be bactericidal, and in-vivo concentration of sulfamethoxazole is 20-times greater than that of trimethoprim. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole is active against most strains of Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermis, even among methicillin-resistant isolates, viridians group of streptococci, Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Klebsiella and Enterobacter species, Salmonella, Pseudomonas pseudomallei, Serratia species, Brucella abortus, Pasteurella haemolytica, Yersinia pseudotuberculosis, Yersinia enterocolitica, and Nocardia asteroides. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole has been found efficacy and safe in children but may induce adverse-effects. Both trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole are rapidly absorbed following oral administration and their absorption-rate constant is 1.27 and 0.58 h-1, respectively. Trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole inhibits CYP2C8 and CYP2C9, respectively. Prophylaxis and treatment with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole have been reviewed and this drug combination treated the meningitis caused by Listeria monocytogenes, Elizabethkingia, Nocardia meningitis, Elizabethkingia meningoseptica, and Staphylococcus aureus. Trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole are poorly transferred across the human placenta and poorly migrate into the breast-milk. The aim of this study is to review trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole dosing, efficacy and safely, adverse-effects, interaction with drugs, prophylaxis, treatment and treatment of bacterial meningitis and trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole pharmacokinetics, penetration into the cerebrospinal fluid, transfer across the human placenta, and migration into the breast-milk.
The Vertical Maxillary Excess with orthodontic Camouflage and Plastic Periodontal Surgery to Achieve a Pleasant Smile, A Two Year Follow up Case Report
Authors: Sonwane Siddharth
Published: February 2025

Background The most difficult task for an orthodontist is to develop a harmonious smile, particularly in ''gummy smile'' or "vertical maxillary excess" instances. Intrusion or orthognathic surgery is used to address these types of problems. An intrusion is the most suitable approach, which is associated with buccal cortical bone thickening and decreases clinical crown length. The primary goal of this case report is to compare the effects of plastic periodontal therapy following an incursion.

A Case Report

A 35-year-old female presented with the primary complaint of forward-placed teeth and excessive gummy presentation. The interdisciplinary with a bimaxillary dentoalveolar protrusion and excessive gingival display ("gummy smile") or vertical maxillary excess is described by intraoral, cephalometric, and model analytic studies. To correct excessive gingival show caused by high vertical maxillary, the standard therapeutic technique in these situations entails extraction of the first premolars and intrusion of a maxillary anterior segment. The anterior intrusion is associated with higher buccal cortical bone thickness and a shorter clinical crown length.

Conclusion

Orthodontic intrusion and retraction alone do not alleviate the problem of a gummy grin, which necessitates cortical shaving and crown lengthening via cosmetic periodontal surgery.
Design of p-methylphenyl Bioisosteres of Celecoxib as Selective COX-II Inhibitors Using Bioisosteric Approach
Authors: Sanmati K. Jain Aman Naskarand
Published: February 2025

In present study, a bioisosteric approach was employed to design analogues of celecoxib, a selective COX-II inhibitor and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. The p-methylphenyl group in celecoxib was targeted for bioisosteric replacement in order to develop newer molecules with reduced adverse effects. A total of 70 p-methylphenyl bioisosteres were generated using the MolOpt tool, including aryl halides, heteroaryl groups, hydrocarbons, and other functional groups. The newly designed analogues were evaluated for their medicinal properties, pharmacokinetic parameters, and toxicity using computational tools such as ADMETLab 2.0 and pkCSM. The results showed that 48 analogues exhibited good drug-likeness based on QED values and all obeys the Lipinski rule, and compound 062 (ethyl 1-(4-sulfamoylphenyl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxylate) was identified as a novel and promising candidate based on its QED and MCE-18 scores. Furthermore, compound 065 (4-[5-(oxan-4-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl] benzene-1-sulfonamide) demonstrated lower hepatotoxicity and respiratory toxicity compared to celecoxib. These findings highlight the potential of bioisosteric modifications in designing safer analogues of celecoxib with improved pharmacological properties. Compound 065, in particular, shows promise for further development as a potential anti-inflammatory drug with reduced adverse effects.
Impact of Chest Physiotherapy as Respiratory Care on a Spinal Cord Injury Patient: A Case Study
Authors: Afridi Shahid
Published: February 2025

Background: A spinal cord injury (SCI), a devastating condition, resulted in severe respiratory dysfunction, such as a hindered cough and difficulty cleansing secretions from the lungs. Chest physiotherapy (CPT) was a common form of respiratory care intervention that involved coughing and secretion mobilization. However, there was limited knowledge about how CPT impacted breathing in spinal cord injury patients. This study aimed to quantify the efficiency of the cough and the potential speed with which secretions could be evacuated.

Objective: To provide a concise summary of the research on the effects of chest physiotherapy as respiratory treatment for a patient with a spinal cord injury, including the study's rationale, methods, key findings and conclusions, and clinical relevance.

Methodology: Describe in detail the steps taken to carry out the study. Depending on the discipline, this may be referred to as a "case study" or a "single-patient study." In this study, a number of chest physiotherapy techniques were used to treat the patient's respiratory care, including percussion, vibration, and postural drainage.

Results: Summarize the key points of the investigation. Physiotherapy targeted at the chest proved effective in this case, allowing the patient to breathe normally again. The patient's oxygen saturation levels rose, and the frequency with which they experienced episodes of respiratory distress fell. Patients with spinal cord injuries can benefit from chest physiotherapy for the treatment of breathing problems.

Conclusions: The findings suggest that chest physiotherapy may be helpful for patients with spinal cord injuries who are having breathing problems.
Neuralink can control the work Psychology
Authors: Chanda Anupam
Published: February 2025

As we know today’s world is very competitive and stressful as a result of fact human Psychology drastically affected in work Psychology. This studies of both a workplace's environment and the employees those who work there. The goal behind workplace psychology is to identify and solve problems, increase employee satisfaction, and improve workplace dynamics. To rectify brain-machine interface is technology that allows for a device, like a computer, to interact and communicate with a brain. Neuralink, can able to scan all sorts of colours rectify those as per the ability of individuals and help to increase attention, Enthusiasm, work interest, confidence, Tranquillity, creativity, honesty and more. Those will surely help to improve the work Psychology.
Comparing Olanzapine with Placebo in Patients with Anorexia Nervosa for Increasing Bmi and Weight Gain
Authors: Shaabani Hedyeh
Published: February 2025

Anorexia Nervosa is an eating disorder that can be characterized by having exceptionally low body weight with feeling of disgust to food. Commonly known treatment for Anorexia Nervosa is psychological treatment with methods like CBT and MANTRA, but now with the introduction of pharmacological drugs it is the aim of this review to identify whether olanzapine is effective compared with placebo in increasing BMI and weight gain. What was found is that olanzapine showed great increases in BMI [F (1, 20) =6.64, p=0.018] when compared to placebo, and that it noticeably had decreased depression and anxiety. Additional studies found that olanzapine patients gained weight more rapidly and achieved their BMI targets more quickly than those taking a placebo. On the other hand, a contradictory finding was seen, it was that there was no significant difference between olanzapine and placebo in the matter of weight recovery and psychologic, depressive, and anxious symptoms. What is concluded is that to minimize the rely on pharmacologic therapies until new findings emerge, and to depend mostly on psychotherapies such as CBT and MANTRA for increasing BMI in anorexia nervosa patients.
THE IMPACT OF MUSIC ON THE PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING OF MODERN YOUTH IN CONDITIONS OF UNCERTAINTY
Authors: Ostapchuk Artem
Published: February 2025

The article examines the role of music as a multidimensional resource in promoting psychological well-being, emotional regulation, and resistance among modern youth in conditions of uncertainty. The study aims to define the theoretical foundations and practical mechanisms of music’s influence on satisfying the basic psychological needs of autonomy, competence, and relatedness, as well as its potential for stress reduction, the development of adaptive strategies, and support for self-realization.
The theoretical framework of the article encompasses the concept of "eudaimonic well-being" and Self-Determination Theory (Ryan & Deci, 2017)[1], which emphasize the central role of autonomy, competence, and social connections in achieving psychological well-being. The research methodology is based on an analysis of contemporary theoretical and empirical studies in psychology, neuroscience, and social sciences, with a focus on systematizing data on music’s impact on psychological resistance and youth adaptation to uncertainty. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the integration of neurobiological, social, and cognitive aspects of music's influence, providing a holistic understanding of its adaptive potential under conditions of uncertainty.
The analysis is based on studies by Chanda and Levitin (2013)[2] which highlight the neurobiological mechanisms of music's influence, including the stimulation of dopamine release that enhances motivation and optimism, cortisol reduction, oxytocin activation fostering social interaction, and endogenous opioids reducing anxiety and emotional discomfort. These neurochemical processes explain music's ability to regulate emotional states and promote physiological recovery.
The study also addresses the role of music in shaping self-awareness, life values, goals, and personal identity. DeNora (2000) [3]  emphasizes music’s capacity to foster reflection and adaptation to life challenges, while Schäfer et al. (2013) [4]  highlight its role as a source of inspiration and creativity. Additionally, the use of music to reduce stress and improve adaptation to new conditions through collective activities and the creation of a stable social context is analyzed (Granot et al., 2021) [6].
According to Carleton (2016) [5], uncertainty represents a significant cognitive and emotional challenge for youth. In this context, music proves to be an effective tool for reducing anxiety, enhancing cognitive flexibility, and developing strategies for adapting to changing conditions. It also provides social support through collective music-making, fostering a sense of belonging and emotional comfort.
Thus, music serves as a universal tool that promotes stress reduction, resistance development, adaptation to uncertain conditions, and support for the self-realization of youth. The findings highlight the potential of music as a resource for building psychological resistance, integrating into social environments, and fostering personal growth in the modern world.
THE ROLE OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE IN THE PERSONAL BOUNDARIESFORMATION
Authors: Chernata Taras
Published: February 2025

This article attempts to summarize and systematize the existing psychological knowledge regarding the role of emotional intelligence in the formation of personal boundaries. The first section examines the concept and structure of emotional intelligence, as well as its key components, such as emotional self-awareness, self-regulation, motivation, empathy, and social skills. The main theoretical approaches to defining emotional intelligence are analyzed, including the models proposed by P. Salovey and J. Mayer, D. Goleman, and others, which define it as an integral ability of an individual to understand and manage emotions for effective interaction with others. The second section explores the essence of personal boundaries, their functions, and types. It is determined that personal boundaries help individuals maintain psychological balance, autonomy, and effective interaction with the social environment. The main types of boundaries—physical, emotional, and mental—are considered, which regulate an individual’s interaction with others and help avoid negative external influences. The third section focuses on the relationship between emotional intelligence and the formation of personal boundaries. It analyzes how the level of emotional intelligence contributes to emotional awareness and regulation, the establishment of effective interpersonal boundaries, and the prevention of manipulation and psychological space violations. Particular attention is paid to aspects such as the impact of empathy on understanding one’s own and others’ boundaries, the importance of social skills in maintaining them, and the influence of self-regulation on the ability to maintain psychological resilience in challenging situations. The conclusions highlight the importance of developing emotional intelligence in forming and maintaining healthy personal boundaries, which contributes to improving quality of life, strengthening psychological resilience, and establishing harmonious interpersonal relationships. The necessity of developing emotional competence as a tool for self-awareness, self-esteem enhancement, and effective social interaction management is emphasized. This article may be useful for professionals in the fields of psychology and pedagogy, as well as for anyone seeking to develop their emotional intelligence and improve their skills in building healthy personal boundaries.
SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF MOLECULARLY IMPRINTED POLYMERS (MIPs) AS ADSORBENTS FOR METHYLENE BLUE DYE
Authors: U. Alizar  , N.A. Djaha  , Mawardi  , O. Suryani  , I. Dewata  , E. Safitri  , N. Hidayat  , S.A. Hanifah  , R.A. Hassan
Published: February 2025

Molecular imprinting technology (MIT) utilizes molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) to create highly selective adsorbents with tailored binding sites. This study focuses on developing methylene blue (MB) adsorbents using MIPs synthesized via photopolymerization. The optimal adsorption capacity was achieved with a monomer-to-crosslinker ratio of methacrylic acid (MAA) to ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) at 1:20 mol. The MIPs demonstrated efficient adsorption with extraction and re-extraction times of 40 and 60 minutes, respectively, and an optimal pH of 4.0, resulting in an adsorption capacity of 787.74 mg/g. The MIPs offer advantages for MB adsorbents, such as simplicity, stability, and reusability, distinguishing them from traditional adsorbents, such as activated carbon, due to their superior selectivity.
OPTIMIZATION OF LACTIC ACID FERMENTATION FROM BAGASSE USING Lactobacillus casei B75: A STATIC FERMENTATION APPROACH
Authors: Nissa Rossy Choerun , Soleha Finna Fitriyani , Junitasari Assyifa , Irmayanti Maya , Hidawati  , Nugroho Adi Deddy Triyono , Nurhamiyah Yeyen , Dawam Abdullah Akbar Hanif , Ishmayana Safri , Sumiarsa Dadan
Published: February 2025

Bagasse, a by-product of the sugar industry, contains cellulose and hemicellulose that can be converted into glucose and xylose through acid hydrolysis, offering a valuable carbon source for lactic acid fermentation. This study aims to optimize lactic acid production from bagasse hydrolysate under static fermentation conditions using Lactobacillus casei B75. The effects of inoculum concentration (5–15%), substrate concentration (5–15 mg/mL), and fermentation time (12–72 hours) on reducing sugar content and lactic acid yield were evaluated using a Response Surface Methodology (RSM) - Box-Behnken Design (BBD). Optimal conditions—15% inoculum, 15 mg/mL substrate, and 72-hour fermentation—resulted in 0.37 mg/mL of reducing sugar and 9.72 mg/mL of lactic acid. These findings demonstrate the potential of L. casei to efficiently convert bagasse hydrolysates into lactic acid, supporting the sustainable use of agricultural residues for biochemical production. The study highlights the effectiveness of RSM - BBD in optimizing fermentation, offering a viable approach for utilizing low-cost biomass in value-added product generation.
SUSTAINABLE PLANT GROWTH PROMOTION AND SEED GERMINATION VIA FICUS EXASPERATE LEAF EXTRACT, CHARACTERIZATION OF GREEN SYNTHESIZED MAGNESIUM OXIDE NANOPARTICLES
Authors: Tulasi S. Lakshmi
Published: February 2025

An essential mineral for plants, magnesium (Mg) is necessary for growth, metabolism, enzyme activity regulation, and general physiological processes. This study looked into the effectiveness of Mg NPs' antioxidant capacity after synthesizing them using leaf extract from the Ficus exasperata plant. The produced nanoparticles' stability-related and morphological properties were discovered through their characterization. UV-visible spectrophotometry was used to analyze the absorption spectra in the 200–800 nm range. The nanomaterial's size, determined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), was 50 nm. Elemental analysis via energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) confirmed the presence of magnesium with an estimated magnesium concentration of 24.46%. Cicer arietinum plants exhibit higher average heights, growing to 750 µg/mL (18.3 cm), with higher average root lengths growing to 750 µg/mL (12.0 cm) and higher average leaf widths growing to 1000 µg/mL (1.4 cm) in comparison to 0.9 cm in blank soils and other concentrations. Utilizing plant leaf extract, biogenic production of magnesium nanoparticles provides an environmentally responsible and sustainable method of managing agricultural nutrient levels.
Deformation of the Cooling Vessel's Shell
Authors: Pisačić Katarina , Pintarić Mario
Published: February 2025

This paper will present the procedure for calculating the internal volume obtained by deforming the outer shell of the cooling vessel. A nonlinear finite element analysis was conducted using the Ansys software. The material behavior when it transitions into the plastic deformation region was defined, and the deformed shape resulting from the plastic deformation of the outer shell of the cooling vessel was obtained. The volume of the deformed shape was determined with several simplifications: the profile of the outer shell was simplified into a circular arc, and the parameters of the circle were calculated. The formula for the volume of a rotational body was used to calculate the volume.
The Effects of 30% Oxygen Concentration Inhalation on Driving Fatigue and Heart Rate Variability
Authors: Chan Min Byung , Mito Kazuyuki , Kon Lee Sang , Chul Kim Seoung , Han Kim Jeong , Hee Hong Seung
Published: February 2025

This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between heart rate variability and driving fatigue through a physiological approach, examining the effects of oxygen concentrations ranging from normal to high. Driver fatigue, a factor in fatal accidents, has complex causes and varied symptoms. The ambiguity in reporting physiological changes due to mixed terminology such as fatigue and drowsiness prompted this study, which is based on the premise that physiological fatigue originates from the same mechanisms as stress. A driving scenario that induces fatigue was simulated, involving fifteen university student drivers. Experiments were conducted at oxygen concentrations of 21%, 30%, and 40%. Data were collected via an electrocardiogram system and analyzed statistically. Our findings reveal that at a 30% oxygen concentration, drivers showed a significant increase in SDNN and a decrease in LF/HF ratio, indicating enhanced autonomic nervous system stability and reduced sympathetic dominance. This intervention was found to effectively reduce and delay driving fatigue, demonstrating that oxygen supplementation at 30% concentration could notably improve traffic safety by mitigating driver fatigue.
Die Casting or Sheet Metal Forming
Authors: Bednarz Martin
Published: February 2025

Die casting as an alternative for sheet metal structures in car body design has been around for a few years. While the application of die cast body components by legacy automakers is rather limited, especially for mass market products, Tesla bases their mass-produced cars on a few extremely big die cast structure parts. The impact of this strategy makes it necessary to rethink car body manufacturing. In this study, published information and expert interviews are used to evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of the competing philosophies of car body manufacturing.
Technology or Organization
Authors: Pathak Aman , Bansal Veena
Published: February 2025

Artificial intelligence (AI) technology is different from all other technologies that organizations have adopted in the past. A systematic literature review revealed that technological, organizational, and environmental factors have been explored to assess an organization's readiness for adopting a new technology. In this work, we have focused on the first two factors. From many subfactors, we selected 13 subfactors based on the discussion with the domain experts. Experts also provided ranks of the two factors and their sub-factors. These ranks are used to calculate the global ranking of the factors and their sub-factors. The top three subfactors from the technology context are the following - capabilities of AI, compatibility, and complexity of AI systems. The top two subfactors from the organization context are technology infrastructure & skilled workforce and support from the top management. The results reveal that organization and technology are equally important
Artificial Intelligence vs. Traditional Research Methods
Authors: Fotova Čiković Katerina , Mandić Antonija , Hoić Maja
Published: February 2025

Due to the emergence and increased development of Artificial Intelligence (AI), research in general has been significantly impacted, particularly in the field of scientific theories and models. The purpose of this study is to analyze the acceptance of both AI tools and traditional methodologies used in research. Moreover, conclusions about the respondents' perception and openness to using AI tools in research regarding gender, age and current academic position are discussed. Another goal is to compare the level of satisfaction from both the AI tools and the traditional research methods. A questionnaire-based survey was carried out between February and March 2024, and it included students and teaching staff at the University North in Croatia. The novelty of this research is mirrored in the scarcity of such empirical studies encompassing the academic community in Croatia.
Pengurangan Kadar Amonia Dalam Limbah Cair Industri Menggunakan Kolom Gelembung Pnacaran Dengan Penambahan Solvent KOH
Authors: Aprilia Vita , Muhammad Zaman  , Didiek Hari Nugroho
Published: February 2025

Permasalahan lingkungan yang dominan pada saat ini salah satunya berupa limbah cair yang berasaldari industri. Amonia merupakan senyawa yang dihasilkan dari proses industri pupuk. Sifat amoniayang toksik menyebabkan limbah amonia perlu dikelola dengan baik. Limbah amonia yang berasaldari berbagai unit operasi dalam pabrik urea yang berpotensi menimbulkan pencemaran selanjutnyalimbah dialirkan ke tempat penampungan dan diolah lebih lanjut. Tujuan penelitian ini adalahmelakukan pengurangan kadar amonia dengan menggunakan kolom gelembung pancaran melaluiproses udara stripping. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan memvariasikan laju alir udara yaitu 12L/menit dan 16 L/menit serta variasi konsentrasi solvent KOH sebesar 0,1;0,2;0,3;0,4M; dan 0,5M;Kadar amonia dianalisis menggunakan alat Spektrofotometri Uv-Vis dengan panjang gelombang 460nm. Hasil analisis menunjukkan nilai koefisien transfer massa (KLa) terendah 0,228/jam dan nilai KLatertinggi 0,816/jam begitu juga dengan nilai efisiensi (%) stripping untuk penurunan amonia terendah20,34% dan nilai efisiensi (%) tertinggi 57,45%. Keadaan optimal berada pada nilai KLa 0,816/jamdan efisiensi(%) 57,45% pada variabel konsentrasi solvent KOH 0,3M dan Laju alir udara (Qg) 16L/menit.Kata Kunci: Amonia, Kolom Gelembung Pancaran, Limbah
RESULTS OF MONITORING OF HONEY BEE COLONY LOSSES IN UKRAINE AFTER THE WINTER OF THE FIRST YEAR OF THE WAR (2021-2022)
Authors: Fedoriak M.
Published: February 2025

Since the beginning of the 21st century, the increase of honey bee colony losses (Apis mellifera L.), especially in Europe, Asia and North America, has prompted the search for standardized large-scale studies to avoid catastrophic consequences for both ecosystems and the world economy. This paper presents the results of research on honey bee colony losses in Ukraine after the winter 2021–2022, which is carried out as part of international COLOSS monitoring. A decrease of honey bee colony losses after winter of 2021–2022 in Ukraine was found being equal 8,9 %, which is 1,7 times lower than last year (15,18 %) and practically corresponds to the rate from last year (9,29 %). Most of the lost during the winter colonies died (or disappeared) – 3,72 %; 3,07 % were lost due to the unsolvable queen problems, and 2,08 % of colonies were lost due to natural digesters. The level of total losses of colonies in apiaries of the zone of mixed forests (13,76 %) significantly exceeded the corresponding indicator in comparison with the zone of broad-leaved forests (8,13 %) and the zone of the Ukrainian Carpathians (7,55 %). Among the characteristic signs of dead/disappeared colonies, dead bees in the hive or in front of it (32,7 %) and death of bees due to unknown to the beekeeper «symptoms» (24,13 %) were most often reported. Disappearance of bees (11,48 %) and dead bees in the hive in the presence of food (14,94 %) were reported least often. 28,7 % of respondents carried out the transportation of colonies for honey collection or pollination in 2021. No significant difference was found between losses in migrating and stationary apiaries. Monitoring of bees for the presence of the Varroa mite for the period from April 2021 to March 2022 was carried out by 79,9 % of respondents; 96,2 % of beekeepers treated bees against Varroa.
(HMIPv6-BI) Propuesta de modificación al protocolo HMIPv6 para mejorar el ancho de banda en el canal radio
Authors: Becerra Sanchez Line Yasmin , Padilla Aguilar Jhon Jairo
Published: February 2025

In this article the obtained results of the analysis carried out to a modification proposal to theHierarchical Mobile IPv6 (HMIPv6) protocol named HMIPv6-BI are exposed. The goal ofHMIPv6-BI is to reduce the bandwidth usage of the radio link between the access router (AR)and the mobile node (MN). In HMIPv6 a tunnel is established between the mobility anchorpoint (MAP) and the MN, causing that the headers of the tunnel travel over the wirelessinterface and a major usage of the channel is required. HMIPv6-BI improves this situation, theanalysis of HMIPv6-BI shows favorable results, when it is compared to the standard approachHMIPv6, by analytic models and NS-2 simulations.
Estado del arte en la enseñanza de la probabilidad para la educación media en los municipios de Pereira y Dosquebradas (2006)
Authors: Arias Vargas Juan Luis , Cardona Toro José Gerardo
Published: February 2025

This article introduces a descriptive analysis about the topics that are taught, the didactics used and the difficulties discovered in the teaching process of the probability in middle education for the cities of Pereira and Dosquebradas, trying to demonstrate the art status about the way, the topics referring to these fields of education, have been presented to the students, in levels tenth and eleventh, which look for the development of random thought, considered in the basic standards of competences in mathematics, defined by the National Ministry of Education (MEN), exposing part of the final results of the research project “Didactics for the teaching process of probability in middle education”, developed during the year 2006, in order to apply for the title of MA. in the teaching of mathematics.
Studying the fracture surface of brass CuZn37 and aluminum 1100 and their relationship with formability in Single Point Incremental Forming
Authors: Qate'a Marwa K. , Jweeg Muhsin J. , Mohammed Adnan I.
Published: February 2025

Single Point Incremental Forming was conducted on Aluminum1100 and Brass CuZn37 to form a hyperbolic truncated pyramid with varying wall angles until the fracture occurs. The formability of the specimens in terms of fracture depth and maximum wall angle was measured; and scanning electron microscopic photography was used to capture the fractured surface of the specimens to perform a fractography analysis. In each specimen's fracture surface, the identification of the voids shape, calculation of the void volume fraction (VVF) and void size, and the classification of the voids have been performed to allow for the identification of the relationship between formability and the microstructure of both materials. Also, the effect of the input parameters on this relationship has been identified. The results showed that when the VVF and the average void size in the fractured surface increase, the formability of the material increases.  And that the optimal SPIF conditions that increase void volume fraction and formability in CuZn37 occur when all input parameters are set to medium levels. For aluminum 1100, the optimal conditions have a low level of feed rate, a high level of tool speed and sheet thickness, and a medium level of tool diameter and step size.
Pengaruh Kemandirian Belajar dan Gaya Kognitif Siswa Terhadap Pemahaman Konsep IPS di MTsN 1 Cirebon
Authors: Juliana Sely , Winarso Widodo , Nurizzati Yeti
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini di latarbelakangi dengan masalah yang ditemukan di MTsN 1 Kota Cirebon tentang rendahnya pemahaman konsep, siswa yang belum memiliki kemampuan pemahaman konsep yang baik kurang memahaminya siswa terhadap makna dari pembelajaran IPS juga menjadi penyebab kurang mampunya siswa dalam pemahami konsep. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk membuktikan ada tidaknya pengaruh kemandirian belajar dan gaya kognitif terhadap pemahaman konsep. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner, observasi dan dokumentasi, sedangkan teknik analisis data menggunakan regresi berganda menggunakan SPSS 25.0 For Windows. Dengan mengunakan SPSS ini maka diperoleh hasil analisis data yang menyatakan terdapat pengaruh antara kemandirian belajar dan gaya kognitif terhadap pemahaman konsep sebesar Fhitung lebih besar dari Ftabel 15.105 >3,33 berdasarkan R-Square sebesar 0,510 yang artinya 51,0% sehingga sisanya 49% dipengaruhi oleh variabel lain yang tidak jelas dalam penelitian.
Geography Adds Value to All Scholarship: Construing the Obvious in Geographical Space
Authors: Kusi-Appiah Andy
Published: February 2025

This article debunks the reduction of geography as the study of trivia about locations and instead considers geography to be a comprehensive discipline that examines spatial relationships and the interplay between physical and human environments. The author relies on secondary data sources, drawing on the works of prominent geographic scholars like Doreen Massey, David Harvey, and Peter Gould to underscore the importance of spatial analysis in understanding and shaping human experiences. In essence, geography can be regarded as ‘the mother of all disciplines.’ The author discusses ‘voluminous void’ as a metaphorical and existential concept, symbolizing the human drive to understand the unknown. For example, geography informs the architect about site-specific factors like topography, climate, and ecosystems. It fosters an understanding of cultural, social, and economic contexts, leading to contextually responsive designs, and enhances critical thinking about spatial and environmental relationships, which is essential for tackling complex design challenges.