bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Editorial
Authors: Medeiros Neta Olivia Morais , Moura Dante Henrique
Published: April 2017

Caros leitores, Neste segundo número de 2016 da revista brasileira de educação profissional e tecnológica foram reunidos artigos com temáticas diversas acerca da educação profissional.Destacamos os artigos “O trabalho do pedagogo nos Institutos Federais de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia: algumas análises”, “Professor em (re)construção: reflexões de um docente em formação pedagógica”, “Formar-se para ensinar: experiência de um Instituto Federal” e “Saberes docentes na educação profissional técnica de nível médio: uma proposta para a formação de professores do IFAM – Campus Lábrea” que abordam o trabalho e a formação de professores para a educação profissional.Pari passu, o tema da educação profissional e saúde foi abordada nos artigos “A formação dos trabalhadores técnicos de saúde como objeto de estudo nos Programas de Pós-graduação strictu sensu, no Brasil (2002-2016)”  e “Gestão participativa e a interface com trabalhadores do Sistema Único de Saúde: uma revisão integrativa”.Em um outro eixo de discussões, ressaltamos abordagens referente a concepção de formação humana nos cursos de licenciaturas do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia da Paraíba, a violência simbólica na EPT, a concepção do Curso Superior de Tecnologia em Análise e Desenvolvimento de Sistemas no IFPR/Campus Irati e a pertinência do enfoque ciência, tecnologia e sociedade (CTS) na educação profissional e tecnológica.Esperamos que a leitura seja proveitosa.
Current state of myocardial revascularization in patients with severe left ventricular systolic dysfunction
Authors: Gautier S. V. , Mironkov A. B. , Sakhovsky S. A.
Published: April 2017

In most cases, severe left ventricular systolic dysfunction is a consequence of ischemic heart disease. In clinical condition, current recommendations support myocardial revascularization in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy by performing coronary artery bypass grafting. Information on safety and effectiveness of percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with ischemic heart failure is limited. The aim of this review is to study the current state of this problem.
Hemolysis research of implantable axial flow pump for two -step heart transplantation in children
Authors: Dmitrieva O. Yu. , Buchnev A. S. , Drobyshev A. A. , Itkin G. P.
Published: April 2017

Introduction.One of the main indicators characterizing mechanical circulatory support devices (artificial valve, implantable pumps, etc.) is trauma of blood cells. Therefore, while developing new pumps, one of the key studies in vitro is to evaluate blood hemolysis. For an objective hemolysis analysis of pump it is required to create a standardized methodology of hemolysis studies. The object of the study in this paper is implantable axial pump DON for two-step heart transplantation in children.

The aimof study is to develop a standardized methodology of hemolysis studies of blood pumps and to conduct research of pediatric axial pump DON.

Materials and methods.To conduct hemolysis research we created a mock circulatory system consisting of a reservoir placed in water bath maintaining a constant working fluid (blood) temperature, hydrodynamic resistance, connecting tubes, ports for blood sampling and pressure and flow measurement systems, and research pump. Test method is to estimate levels of free hemoglobin pHb obtained by blood samples during pump working in operating mode (for pediatric pump: blood flow 2.5 l/min, pressure difference 80 mmHg). Using the data obtained the standardized indices of hemolysis NIH and MIH are calculated based on pHb values, hematocrit, total hemoglobin, blood flow and working pump time.

Results.We developed and realized a standardized methodology of hemolysis research by which we evaluated hemolysis of pediatric axial pump. The results of hemolysis tests allowed us to optimize the design of DON. Obtained values of hemolysis of the latest version of pediatric pump DON-3 have shown that they do conform to the requirements of minimum blood injury and it allows us to proceed to the next step of pediatric pump research – animal experiments.

Conclusion.Developed methods and evaluation tools of hemolysis allow us to provide objective information on one of the most important indicators of developing implantable pediatric axial pump and they could be recommended for hemolysis research of others pumps.
Experimental evaluation of mechanical heart support system based on viscous friction disc pump
Authors: Chernyavskiy A. M. , Ruzmatov T. M. , Fomichev A. V. , Medvedev A. E. , Prikhodko Yu. M. , Fomin V. M. , Fomichev V. P. , Lomanovich K. A. , Karaskov A. M.
Published: April 2017

Aim. Experimental evaluation of the viscous friction disk pump efficiency, studying the relationship between inter-disk clearance and sizes of input and output ports and pump performance parameters.

Materials and methods. To assess the characteristics and to optimize the disk friction pump design the pump model and experimental stand were created. Pump dimensions were set on the basis of medical and biological requirements for mechanical heart support systems and with due consideration of the experimental studies of our colleagues from Pennsylvania. Flow volume of the working fluid was measured by float rotameter Krohne VA-40 with measurement error of not more than 1%. The pressure values in the hydrodynamic circuit were measured using a monitor manufactured by Biosoft-M. Expansion device allowed changing the flow resistance of the system simulating the total peripheral resistance of the circulatory system.

Results. Linear direct correlation between the pump performance and the pressure drop of liquid being created at the inlet and outlet of the pump was obtained. The required flow rate (5–7 l/min) and pressure (90–100 mmHg) were reached when the rotor speed was in the range of 2500–3000 rev/min. It has been shown that the increase of the inlet diameter to 15 mm has not resulted in a significant increase in the pump performance, and that the highest efficiency values can be obtained for the magnitude of inter-disk gap of 0.4–0.5 mm.

Conclusion. Designed and manufactured experimental disc pump model for pumping fluid has showed the fundamental possibility to use this model as a system for mechanical support of the heart.
Perfusion device for liver preservation ex vivo before transplantation: first experimental study
Authors: Reznik O. N. , Skvortsov A. E. , Lopota A. V. , Gryaznov N. A. , Kharlamov V. V. , Kireeva G. S.
Published: April 2017

Introduction. Successful liver transplantation including from donors with a sudden irreversible cardiac arrest requires the use of modern hardware and technical support to maintain, select and sustain organ viability for the period from harvesting to transplantation to the recipient.

Materials and methods. Hardware-software system (HSS) developed by the Russian State Scientific Center for Robotics and Technical Cybernetics (RTC) was used for testing of normothermic perfusion of donor’s liver ex vivo. The experiment was conducted on the isolated pig liver (Duroc breed) in accordance with the ethical principles.

Result. During perfusion spontaneous recovery of bile outflow through the cannula installed in the common bile duct (volume of bile released – 240 ml) was observed, and the color and uniformity of the perfused liver did not differ from the normal parameters. Biochemical indicators were stabilized at the physiological values after 40 minutes of perfusion procedure.

Conclusion. Isolated liver transplant was completely restored after 30 minutes of warm ischemia and was functioning well due to ex vivo perfusion procedure on the new perfusion device. The first case of the new device usage for normothermic liver ex vivo demonstrated hopeful results to be further investigated.
Correction of extrahepatic portal hypertension in pediatric patient after liver transplantation
Authors: Monakhov A. R. , Mironkov B. L. , Dzhanbekov T. A. , Semash K. O. , Khizroev Kh. M. , Gautier S. V.
Published: April 2017

Introduction. Liver transplantation is a multi-component and complex type of operative treatment. Patients undergoing such a treatment sometimes are getting various complications. One of these complications is a portal hypertension associated with portal vein stenosis.

Materials and methods. In 6 years after the left lateral section transplantation from living donor in a pediatric patient the signs of portal hypertension were observed. Stenosis of the portal vein was revealed. Due to this fact percutaneous transhepatic correction of portal vein stenosis was performed.

Results. As a result of the correction of portal blood flow in the patient a positive trend was noted. According to the laboratory and instrumental methods of examination the graft had a normal function, portal blood flow was adequate. In order to control the stent patency Doppler ultrasound and MSCT of the abdominal cavity with intravenous bolus contrasting were performed. Due to these examinations the stent function was good, the rate of blood flow in the portal vein due to Doppler data has reached 80 cm/sec, and a decrease of the spleen size was noted.

Conclusion. Diagnosis and timely detection of portal vein stenosis in patients after liver transplantation are very important for the preservation of graft function and for the prevention of portal hypertension. In order to do that, ultrasound Doppler fluorimetry examination needs to be performed to each patient after liver transplantation. In cases of violation of the blood flow in the portal vein CT angiography performance is needed. Percutaneous transhepatic stenting of portal vein is a minimally invasive and highly effective method of correction of portal hypertension. Antiplatelet therapy and platelet aggregation control are the prerequisites for successful stent function.
Heart transplantation from older donors
Authors: Poptsov V. N. , Spirina E. A. , Koloskova N. N. , Masyutin S. A. , Ukhrenkov S. G. , Dogonasheva A. A.
Published: April 2017

In the current situation of the shortage of suitable donor organs, heart transplantation from older donors is one of the ways to increase the performance of more heart transplants, particularly, in patients with urgent need of transplantation. While planning a heart transplantation from older donor one should consider increased risk of early cardiac allograft dysfunction, preexisting coronary artery disease, accelerated transplant vasculopathy which may adversely affect early and long-term survival of recipients. Subject to careful selection of donor–recipient pairs, effective prevention and treatment of early cardiac allograft dysfunction, pre-existing atherosclerosis and transplant vasculopathy the early and long-term survival of heart transplant recipients from older donors is comparable to heart transplantation from young donors.
Treatment Paradigms for Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer at Academic Medical Centers: Involvement in Clinical Trial Endpoint Design
Authors: Aggarwal Charu , Borghaei Hossein
Published: April 2017

Based on the positive results of various clinical trials, treatment options for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have expanded greatly over the last 25 years. While regulatory approvals of chemotherapeutic agents for NSCLC have largely been based on improvements in overall survival, recent approvals of many targeted agents for NSCLC (afatinib, crizotinib, ceritinib, osimertinib) have been based on surrogate endpoints such as progression-free survival and objective response. As such, selection of appropriate clinical endpoints for examining the efficacy of investigational agents for NSCLC is of vital importance in clinical trial design. This review provides an overview of clinical trial endpoints previously utilized for approved agents for NSCLC and highlights the key efficacy results for these trials. Trends for more recent approvals in NSCLC, including those for the immunotherapeutic agents nivolumab and pembrolizumab, are also discussed. The results of a correlative analysis of endpoints from 18 clinical trials that supported approvals of investigational agents in clinical trials for NSCLC are also presented.
National Policies Fostering Hospice Care Increased Hospice Utilization and Reduced the Invasiveness of End-of-Life Care for Cancer Patients
Authors: Shao Yu-Yun , Hsiue Emily Han-Chung , Hsu Chih-Hung , Yao Chien-An , Chen Ho-Min , Lai Mei-Shu , Cheng Ann-Lii
Published: April 2017

Background

In 2011, two national policies aiming to foster hospice services for terminal cancer patients took effect in Taiwan. The single-payer National Health Insurance of Taiwan started to reimburse full hospice services. The national hospital accreditation program, which graded all hospitals, incorporated hospice utilization in its evaluation. We assessed the impact of these national policies.

Methods

A cohort of 249,394 patients aged ≥18 years who died of cancer between 2008 and 2013 were identified from the National Death Registry. We retrieved utilization data of medical services and compared the health care utilization in the final month of life before and after the implementation of the new policies.

Results

After the policy changes, hospice utilization increased from 20.8% to 36.2%. In a multivariate analysis adjusting for patient demographics, cancer features, and hospital characteristics, hospice utilization significantly increased after 2011 (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 2.35, p < .001), accompanied by a decrease in intensive care unit (ICU) admissions, invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV), and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR; AORs 0.87, 0.75, and 0.80, respectively; all p < .001). The patients who received hospice services were significantly less likely to receive ICU admissions, IMV, and CPR (AORs 0.20, 0.12, and 0.10, respectively; all p < .001). Hospice utilization was associated with an adjusted net savings of U.S. $696.90 (25.2%, p < .001) per patient in the final month of life.

Conclusion

The national policy changes fostering hospice care significantly increased hospice utilization, decreased invasive end-of-life care, and reduced the medical costs of terminal cancer patients.
Endocrine Therapy Initiation and Medical Oncologist Utilization Among Women Diagnosed with Ductal Carcinoma in Situ
Authors: Anderson Chelsea , Meyer Anne Marie , Wheeler Stephanie B. , Zhou Lei , Reeder-Hayes Katherine E. , Nichols Hazel B.
Published: April 2017

Background

Though randomized clinical trials have demonstrated a reduction in second breast events with endocrine therapy among women with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), use of these therapies remains highly variable. The purpose of this study was to evaluate patient and treatment-related factors associated with endocrine therapy initiation and medical oncology specialty utilization after DCIS.

Materials and Methods

We identified women with a DCIS diagnosis during 2006–2010 in the North Carolina Central Cancer Registry with linked public and private insurance claims in the University of North Carolina Integrated Cancer Information Surveillance System data resource. Multivariable generalized linear regression models were used to estimate risk ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for endocrine therapy initiation in the year following DCIS diagnosis.

Results

Among 2,090 women with a DCIS diagnosis, 37% initiated endocrine therapy. Initiation was less common among women aged 75+ at diagnosis (RR = 0.79; 95% CI: 0.64–0.97 vs. age 45–54) and women treated with breast-conserving surgery (BCS) who did not receive radiation (RR = 0.63; 95% CI: 0.50–0.78 vs. BCS plus radiation). Consultation with a medical oncologist was strongly associated with endocrine therapy initiation (RR = 1.40; 95% CI: 1.23–1.61). Women who saw a medical oncologist more often had private insurance, higher census tract-level income, hormone receptor positive disease, and treatment with BCS and radiation.

Conclusion

Treatment strategies for DCIS remain controversial. Our data suggest that endocrine therapy is more often used in addition to standard therapies such as BCS plus radiation, rather than as an alternative to radiation.
Association Study Confirmed Three Breast Cancer-Specific Molecular Subtype-Associated Susceptibility Loci in Chinese Han Women
Authors: Xu Yihui , Chen Mengyun , Liu Chenchen , Zhang Xiaowei , Li Wei , Cheng Huaidong , Zhu Jun , Zhang Mingjun , Chen Zhendong , Zhang Bo
Published: April 2017

Background

Breast cancer is a heterogeneous and polygenic disease that can be divided into different molecular subtypes based on histological and genomic features. To date, numerous susceptibility loci of breast cancer have been discovered by genome-wide association studies and may expand the genetic features. However, few loci have been further studied according to molecular subtypes.

Materials and Methods

We genotyped 23 recently discovered single nucleotide polymorphisms using the Sequenom iPLEX platform in a female Chinese cohort of 3,036 breast cancer patients (2,935 samples matched molecular subtypes) and 3,036 healthy controls.

Results

Through a stratification analysis, 5q11.2/MAP3K1 (rs16886034, rs16886364, rs16886397, rs1017226, rs16886448) and 7q32.3/LINC-PINT (rs4593472) were associated with Luminal A, and 10q26.1/FGFR2 (rs35054928) was associated with Luminal B.

Conclusion

In our study, breast cancer-specific molecular subtype-associated susceptibility loci were confirmed in Chinese Han women, which contributes to a better genetic understanding of breast cancer in different molecular subtypes.
Clinical Variant Classification: A Comparison of Public Databases and a Commercial Testing Laboratory
Authors: Gradishar William , Johnson KariAnne , Brown Krystal , Mundt Erin , Manley Susan
Published: April 2017

Background

There is a growing move to consult public databases following receipt of a genetic test result from a clinical laboratory; however, the well-documented limitations of these databases call into question how often clinicians will encounter discordant variant classifications that may introduce uncertainty into patient management. Here, we evaluate discordance in BRCA1 and BRCA2 variant classifications between a single commercial testing laboratory and a public database commonly consulted in clinical practice.

Materials and Methods

BRCA1 and BRCA2 variant classifications were obtained from ClinVar and compared with the classifications from a reference laboratory. Full concordance and discordance were determined for variants whose ClinVar entries were of the same pathogenicity (pathogenic, benign, or uncertain). Variants with conflicting ClinVar classifications were considered partially concordant if ≥1 of the listed classifications agreed with the reference laboratory classification.

Results

Four thousand two hundred and fifty unique BRCA1 and BRCA2 variants were available for analysis. Overall, 73.2% of classifications were fully concordant and 12.3% were partially concordant. The remaining 14.5% of variants had discordant classifications, most of which had a definitive classification (pathogenic or benign) from the reference laboratory compared with an uncertain classification in ClinVar (14.0%).

Conclusion

Here, we show that discrepant classifications between a public database and single reference laboratory potentially account for 26.7% of variants in BRCA1 and BRCA2. The time and expertise required of clinicians to research these discordant classifications call into question the practicality of checking all test results against a database and suggest that discordant classifications should be interpreted with these limitations in mind.
Shaken Baby Syndrome: A South African Medico-Legal Perspective
Authors: Le Roux-Kemp Andra , Burger Elsie
Published: April 2017

Shaken Baby Syndrome refers to the violent and repetitive shaking of an infant, and is a form of abusive head trauma. It was first described in 1974, and has since been the topic of intensive study and discussion. The syndrome has classically been diagnosed with a triad of injuries, namely subdural haemorrhage, retinal haemorrhage and encephalopathy (brain abnormalities). However, recent publications have led to some doubt regarding the causation and diagnostic significance of the triad. It is now generally accepted that other conditions, even natural diseases, may cause the findings listed in the so-called "triad". To date, no reported case law is available on Shaken Baby Syndrome in South Africa; therefore this article focuses on cases in the United States and United Kingdom to delineate some of the issues associated with litigating the condition. This includes the obligation of expert witnesses to give independent, factual evidence about their areas of expertise. It is recommended that medical and legal professionals involved in cases of alleged child abuse should collect as much information as possible about the context of the case. Confessions by parents or caregivers should be treated with circumspection. Awareness campaigns should be aimed at informing the public of the dangers of shaking an infant. And with regards to Shaken Baby Syndrome an increased focus on evidence-based medicine is necessary to dissipate the uncertainty around the condition.
Is law Science?
Authors: MC Roos Rolien
Published: April 2017

The question this contribution sets out to address is whether or not law can be regarded as a science. This notion is readily accepted by many, yet it is submitted that a proper theoretical justification for such an assumption is usually missing. The traditional primary sources of law, South African case law and legislation, distinguish between legal practice and legal science, but the basis of the distinction is not clear. However, an entire body of literature in the philosophy of science has developed around the question of when a discipline will amount to science. Various demarcation criteria proposed in the philosophy of science are considered. These include that science uses the scientific method, is susceptible to falsification, is puzzle-solving within a paradigm or renders beneficial results. None of these criteria offers a satisfactory solution to the problem. The proposition by a group of philosophers including Herman Dooyeweerd, Marinus Stafleu and DFM Strauss, that the answer to the demarcation question is to be found in modal abstraction, is then considered. Modal abstraction amounts to a consideration of reality (persons, things, theories and rules) from one or more defined point(s) of entry. It is an artificial and learnt manner of thinking as it approaches reality from the perspective of one of the modalities of being. For example, juridical abstraction would mean that a cow is considered as the object of someone's proprietary rights. An abstract idea of the cow's characteristics, from a juridical point of view, is formed and the rules of property law are applied. A number of South African legal philosophers, amongst others Van Zyl, Van der Vyver and LM du Plessis, have followed this approach. The South African legislature has also attempted to define the terms "science" and "research", mainly for funding purposes. These definitions are considered and the conclusion is that they do not provide the clear-cut answers one would expect. It will be argued that the nature of activities will determine whether an endeavour is scientific or not. The conclusion is that an alignment of the demarcation criterion developed by Strauss and others and the statutory definitions can provide a workable demarcation criterion. This "test" is then applied to the activities of law students, academics, practitioners and judicial officers to determine when they will be practising "science".
Public Servants' Right to Strike in Lesotho, Botswana and South Africa – A Comparative Study
Authors: Cohen Tamara , Matee Letlhogonolo
Published: April 2017

Restrictions on the rights of public officers to strike are permitted by the Constitutions of Lesotho, Botswana and South Africa, where such limitations are reasonable, necessary and justifiable in a democratic society. The limitation of this right in the context of public servants is endorsed by the ILO in the Freedom of Association Digest of Decisions and Principles which holds that "[t]he right to strike can be restricted or even prohibited in the public service or in essential services in so far as a strike there could cause serious hardship to the national community and provided that these limitations are accompanied by certain compensatory guarantees".[1]

Public officers in Lesotho are deprived of the right to join trade unions or to strike, without exception or justification. Furthermore in Lesotho no dispute resolution mechanism exists to effectively facilitate the final resolution of disputes of interest in the public sector.

This paper considers whether the limitations imposed on the freedom and right to strike of public officers in Lesotho are in breach of international obligations and are reasonable and justifiable in a free and democratic society committed to the rule of law. In so doing a comparative analysis of the jurisdictions of South Africa and Botswana is undertaken. It concludes that Lesotho is in breach of its obligations as a member state of the ILO and its constitutional commitment to freedom of association and needs to be urgently addressed.
Peel v Hamon J & C Engineering (Pty) Ltd: Ignoring the Result-Requirement of Section 163(1)(A) of the Companies Act and Extending the Oppression Remedy Beyond its Statutorily Intended Reach
Authors: Beukes HGJ , Swart WJC
Published: April 2017

This case note provides a concise and understandable version of the confusing facts in Peel v Hamon J&C Engineering (Pty) Ltd, and deals with the remedy provided for in section 163 of the Companies Act (the oppression remedy). The importance of drawing a distinction between the application of this section and the orders that the Court can make to provide relief in terms of subsection (2) is explained, after which each requirement contained in subsection (1)(a) is analysed. With reference to the locus standi-requirement, it is indicated that the judgment is not to be regarded as authority for the contention that a shareholder or a director who wants to exercise the oppression remedy need not have been a shareholder or a director of the company at the time of the conduct. With reference to the conduct-requirement, it is indicated that it would have been more appropriate for the applicants to have made use of a remedy in terms of the law of contract. Most importantly, the result-requirement is indicated to have been ignored, as a lack of certainty that there will be a result is argued not to constitute a result. Ignoring the result-requirement is explained to have resulted in ignoring the detriment-requirement, in turn. Accordingly, it is concluded that the oppression remedy was utilised without the specified statutory criteria having been satisfied and that the applicants' interests were protected by a remedy which should not have found application under the circumstances, as this was beyond the remedy's statutorily intended reach.
Sailing between Scylla and Charybdis: Mayelane v Ngwenyama
Authors: Kruuse Helen , Sloth-Neilsen Julia
Published: April 2017

Mayelane v Ngwenyama 2013 4 SA 415 (CC) is arguably the most important judgment concerning the recognition of customary marriages in recent times. This article attempts to unpack some of the many issues that arise from the case, namely: (a) the practical difficulties associated with ascertaining living customary law and the problems of identifying legal versus social norms; (b) the meaning of consent as a requirement of a customary marriage; (c) the implications of the case for equality between multiple wives in a customary marriage, and as between wives across customary marriages of different cultural traditions; and (e) the implications of the case for equality considerations more broadly. While the authors sympathise with the court in respect of the complex decision before it, it questions the Court's method and result, specifically for the equality rights of a second (or further) "wife" in a Vatsonga customary marriage. The authors suggest that the issues should be put to democratic deliberation by the legislative arm, rather than leaving courts in the unenviable position of having to decide these matters.
The Law Regarding Pension Interest in South Africa Has Been Settled! Or Has it? With Reference to Ndaba v Ndaba (600/2015) [2016] ZASCA 162
Authors: Marumoagae Motseotsile Clement
Published: April 2017

This article reflects on the law relating to pension interest in South Africa. In particular, it assesses whether the Supreme Court of Appeal in Ndaba v Ndaba had adequately clarified how this area of law should be understood. In light of the inconsistent approaches from various divisions of the High Court, it has not always been clear how the courts should interpret the law relating to pension interest in South Africa. In this paper, aspects of this area of law which have been clarified by the Supreme Court of Appeal are highlighted. This paper further demonstrates aspects of this area of law which the Supreme Court of Appeal did not settle and would potentially be subject to future litigation. This paper is based on the premise that while Ndaba v Ndaba is welcomed, the Supreme Court of Appeal nonetheless, missed a golden opportunity to authoritatively provide a basis upon which the law relating to pension interest in South Africa should be understood.
Patch-based Colony PCR Protocol for Screening Phaeodactylum tricornutum v1
Authors: A. Bielinski and Phillip D. Weyman Vincent
Published: April 2017

This protocol describes a method for screening transgenic lines of Phaeodactylum, specifically for those obtained via conjugation with episomal plasmids. The assay can also be used for screening genomic integrants obtained through biolistics. The assay uses patched colonies of diatom grown on agar plates for biomass and does not require the use of kits or any pre-processing (boiling, etc) of the samples prior to analysis. This allows for relatively high-throughput screening of transgenic lines in a single day.
Tareas de escritura y memoria auditiva inmediata en escolares Peruanos
Authors: Ventura León José Luis , Caycho Rodríguez Tomás
Published: April 2017

El objetivo del estudio es determinar la relación entre un conjunto de tareas de escritura y la memoria auditiva inmediata, así como establecer diferencias en función al sexo y el grado de estudios. Participaron 203 escolares de quinto y sexto grado de educación de primaria de Lima (Perú), seleccionados mediante un muestreo no probabilístico. Se utilizaron el Test de Memoria Auditiva Inmediata y la Batería de Evaluación de los Procesos de Escritura (PROESC). Para el análisis descriptivo se utilizaron medidas de tendencia central. Para el análisis inferencial se emplearon la U de Mann-Whitney, Rho de Spearman y la probabilidad de superioridad como medida del tamaño del efecto. Los resultados indicaron una correlación moderada, directa y significativa entre las tareas de escritura y la memoria auditiva inmediata en forma general y correlaciones bajas entre las dimensiones. Finalmente, se evidenció que las diferencias en memoria auditiva inmediata y las tareas de escritura en función del sexo y el grado de estudios no tienen significancia práctica.
Burning mouth syndrome- An Oral Physicians Dilemma
Authors: Kavitaa N.
Published: April 2017

Burning Mouth Syndrome (BMS) is a chronic oro-facial pain disorder that affects both genders, but predominately with higher female predilection. The condition is characterized by burning sensation present over the oral mucosa and tongue, with no definable clinical signs. The etiology for BMS is not clear cut, so does the quality of treating the condition is hampered. The present paper reviews the etiology, pathophysiology, diagnostic criteria’s and treatment modalities in treating BMS which poses as a great challenge for the oral physicians.
Vitamin D Deficiency Increases the Risk of Diabetic Retinopathy: A Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies
Authors: Zhang Xiang , Pan Guo-Tao , Zhang Zeng-Li , Tao Shasha
Published: April 2017

Background: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the most prominent pathological microvascular complications in diabetes. A series of studies reported that vitamin D deficiency was associated with increased prevalence of retinopathy in diabetic patients but the results were inconsistent. In this study we focused on evaluating the relationship between vitamin D deficiency and DR by conducting a meta-analysis of observational studies. Methods: Systematic computerized searches were performed in PubMed, MEDLINE, and the Cochrane Library for relevant original articles till November 20, 2016. The pooled odds ratios (ORs) with corresponding confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to assess the associated value of vitamin D deficiency to the risk of DR. 9 studies including 6332 participants were subjected to final analysis. Results: The results indicated that vitamin D deficiency increases the risk of DR (OR = 1.57, 95% CI 1.32-1.87) with a little heterogeneity (I2 = 23%). In addition, the subgroup analysis demonstrated that there were obvious heterogeneities in T2DM (I2 = 47.8%). Sensitivity analysis showed that the results were relatively stable and reliable. Conclusion: our meta-analysis demonstrated that vitamin D deficiency could increase the risk of DR.
Static Conversion of a Salinity Difference into a Temperature Difference: A Heat and Mass Transfer Investigation
Authors: Morciano Matteo , Fasano Matteo , Asinari Pietro , Chiavazzo Eliodoro
Published: April 2017

In this work, we experimentally investigate mass and heat transport phenomena ina modular device while converting a solution salinity difference into a temperature difference.Operations occur under fixed total ambient pressure and without mechanical moving parts, thusrealizing a fully static conversion. Provided that a constant salinity gradient can be imposed, theproposed device is able to generate a steady cooling capacity. Here, we purposely operate withenvironmentally benign and easily accessible sodium chloride water solutions only. A numericalmodel is finally elaborated, validated and used to explore a wider range of possible deviceconfigurations and operating conditions.
Modelling Airport Pollutants Dispersion at High Resolution
Authors: Sarrat Claire , Aubry Sébastien , Chaboud Thomas , Lac Christine
Published: April 2017

Local air quality is a major concern for the population regularly exposed to high levels of air pollution. The airport, mainly due to its aircraft engines activities during taxiing and take off, is often submitted to heterogeneous but important concentrations of NOx and PM. The study suggests an innovative approach to determine the air traffic impact on air quality at the scale of the airport, its runways and terminals, in order to be able to locate the persistent high concentrations spots. The pollutants concentrations at 10 m resolution and 1 s time step are calculated in order to identify the most affected areas of an airport platform. A real day of air traffic on a regional airport is simulated, using real data as aircraft trajectories (from radar streams). In order to estimate the aircraft emissions, the Air Transport Systems Evaluation Infrastructure (IESTA) is used. Regarding local air quality, IESTA relies on the non-hydrostatic meso-scale atmospheric model Meso-NH using grid-nesting capabilities with 3 domains, for this study. The detailed cartography of the airport distinguishes between grassland, parking and terminals, allowing to compute exchanges of heat, water and momentum between the different types of surfaces and the atmosphere as well as the interactions with the building using a drag force. The dynamic parameters like wind, temperature, turbulent kinetic energy and pollutants concentration are computed at 10 m resolution over the 2 × 4 km airport domain. The pollutants are considered in this preliminary study as passive tracers, without chemical reactions. This preliminary study aims at proving the feasibility of high scale modelling over an airport with state of the art physical models.
Modeling and Dynamics of a MDOF Isolation System
Authors: Song Youshuo , Sun Xiuting
Published: April 2017

This study analyzes the modeling and dynamics of a novel passive in Multi-Degree-of-Freedom (MDOF) vibration isolation platform which can achieve significant isolation effect. Symmetrical Scissor-Like structures (SLSs) are utilized in the proposed MDOF isolation platform as the supporting and isolation elastic components. Based on the mathematical modeling and theoretical analysis of the MDOF vibration isolation system with SLSs, the effect of structural parameter and joint friction on stiffness and damping properties is investigated. It is shown that due to geometric relations within the SLSs, the natural frequencies can be reduced via adjusting structural parameters of the SLS for different direction vibration isolation. Theoretical and experimental results show that the SLS isolation platform can achieve much better loading capacity and vibration isolation performance simultaneously by only using linear passive components because of the MDOF adjustable stiffness property. Therefore, with low costing and energy consumption, the proposed novel isolation platform can provide the improvement of vibration suppression in various engineering practices.
Strategies for the Simulation of Sea Ice Organic Chemistry: Arctic Tests and Development
Authors: Elliott Scott , Jeffery Nicole , Hunke Elizabeth , Deal Clara , Jin Meibing , Wang Shanlin , Elliott Smith Emma , Oestreicher Samantha
Published: April 2017

A numerical mechanism connecting ice algal ecodynamics with the buildup of organic macromolecules is tested within modeled pan-Arctic brine channels. The simulations take place offline in a reduced representation of sea ice geochemistry. Physical driver quantities derive from the global sea ice code CICE, including snow cover, thickness and internal temperature. The framework is averaged over ten boreal biogeographic zones. Computed nutrient-light-salt limited algal growth supports grazing, mortality and carbon flow. Vertical transport is diffusive but responds to pore structure. Simulated bottom layer chlorophyll maxima are reasonable, though delayed by about a month relative to observations due to uncertainties in snow variability. Upper level biota arise intermittently during flooding events. Macromolecular concentrations are tracked as proxy proteins, polysaccharides, lipids and refractory humics. The fresh biopolymers undergo succession and removal by bacteria. Baseline organics enter solely through cell disruption, so that the internal carbon content is initially biased low. By including exudation, agreement with dissolved organic or individual biopolymer data is achieved given strong release coupled to light intensity. Detrital carbon then reaches hundreds of micromolar, sufficient to support structural changes to the ice matrix.
DATAS DE SEMEADURA PARA O CULTIVO EM SUCESSÃO SOJA-MILHO SAFRINHA BASEADAS NA PRODUTIVIDADE PARA AS REGIÕES DE MARINGÁ - PR E CHAPECÓ - SC
Authors: Arakaki Allison Massami , Minuzzi Rosandro Boligon
Published: April 2017

Objetivou-se neste estudo definir os melhores períodos de semeadura para o cultivo em sucessão soja e milho safrinha em sistemas de plantio direto e convencional para as regiões de Maringá (PR) e Chapecó (SC) baseado, principalmente na redução de produtividade. Foram utilizados dados meteorológicos de janeiro de 1991 a junho de 2015 pertencentes ao Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia (INMET) dos referidos municípios.   Para a definição dos períodos de semeadura favoráveis considerou-se dois critérios: 1º) baseado no estresse térmico, o período onde decêndio tiver probabilidade inferior a 20% de ocorrência de geada e temperatura media diária do ar abaixo de 10°C; e 2º) baseado na redução da produtividade em decorrência do estresse hídrico, por falta de água para ambas as culturas, com simulações que variaram em função de diferentes datas de semeadura espaçadas num período de 10 dias e definidas de acordo com os resultados obtidos pelo primeiro critério. Concluiu-se que em Maringá, não há uma barreira climática para a sucessão de soja e milho safrinha. Para Chapecó, o plantio de milho safrinha é recomendado, desde que o ciclo não atinja o terceiro decêndio de junho.
Análise da sinergia entre biocarvão, fertilizante mineral e Rhizobium tropici
Authors: Felipe Lorena De Oliveira , Nucci Edson Romano , Lacerda Felipe Antônio , Vieira Francine Silveira , Ascendino Guilherme Guimarães , Oliveira Kaíque Souza Gonçalves Cordeiro , Lima Sílvia Natália Guimarães , Xavier Bruno Meireles
Published: April 2017

Adisseminação do uso de carvão como adjuvante de fertilidade do solo depende do desenvolvimento de tecnologias que tragam benefícios comerciais também no curto prazo. Desse modo, o objetivo desse artigoconsistiu na avaliação da interação do biocarvão com a fertilização convencional (NPK 4:30:16) e o bioinoculante (Rhizobium tropici). Para tal, foi aplicada a metodologia do Delineamento Central Composto Rotacional(DCCR) tendo como variável resposta a avaliação da produtividade do feijoeiro, nodulação de raiz e pH do solo das parcelas experimentais. O experimento foi realizado em duplicata, com dois pontos centrais. Observou-se que as interações das variáveis testadas foram significativas (p < 0,05) para a produtividade do feijoeiro, sendo que o maior estímulo foi observado nos níveis +1 de R.tropici, biocarvão e NPK. Entretanto, o incremento no estímulo à produtividade foi menor nos níveis mais altos das variáveis estudadas, indicando uma relação de custo-benefício ideal de NPK 4:30:16 e R.tropici compatível com as recomendações feitas pela literatura especializada e adição de 7,5% m/m de biocarvão. Assim, nossos resultados indicam que, aplicado nessas proporções,o biocarvão otimize o rendimento da produção agrícola quando aliado a técnicas tradicionais de fertilização.
QUALIDADE DE QUEIJOS MINAS FRESCAL PRODUZIDOS E COMERCIALIZADOS INFORMALMENTE EM AGROINDÚSTRIAS FAMILIARES
Authors: Vinha Mariana Barboza , De Oliveira Pinto Cláudia Lúcia , Vanetti Maria Cristina Dantas , Souza Maria Regina De Miranda , Chaves José Benício Paes
Published: April 2017

Nesta pesquisa relacionaram-se as condições de produção e de comercialização de queijos Minas Frescal produzidos em agroindústrias familiares informais do Município de Viçosa, MG, com a qualidade higiênicosanitária do produto. Foram coletadas 77 (38 +39) amostras de queijos Minas Frescal provenientes de agroindústrias familiares, não inspecionadas. As amostras foram coletadas na fonte de produção e em seus respectivos pontos de comercialização. As condições de produção e de comercialização também foram avaliadas. As agroindústriasapresentaram baixo grau de adequação às Boas Práticas de Fabricação (BPF) e alto percentual de amostras em desacordo com os padrões microbiológicos, o que indica relação direta entre grau de atendimento aos requisitos de BPF e a qualidade do produto final. A qualidade higiênico-sanitária dos queijos foi insatisfatória associadaao alto índice de contaminação por bactérias do grupo coliformes e por estafilococos coagulase positiva. Detectouse a presença de Listeria monocytogenes em uma amostra de queijo. A presença de Salmonella sp não foi constatada em nenhuma das amostras. A adoção de medidas orientativas, o cumprimento das BPF e a melhoria das condições de comercialização do produto são medidas necessárias para aperfeiçoar a qualidade dos queijos produzidos, prevenir a ocorrência de doenças associadas ao consumo de queijos contaminados, reduzir as perdaseconômicas de modo a garantir a continuidade da atividade em pequenas agroindústrias familiares.
Not dead yet: the rise, fall and persistence of the BCG Matrix
Authors: Øivind Madsen Dag
Published: April 2017

The BCG Matrix was introduced almost 50 years ago, and is today considered one of the most iconic strategic planning techniques. Using management fashion theory as a theoretical lens, this paper examines the historical rise, fall and persistence of the BCG Matrix. The analysis highlights the role played by fashion-setting actors (e.g., consultants, business schools and business media) in the rise of the BCG Matrix. However, over time, portfolio planning models such as the BCG Matrix were attacked and discredited by a host of different actors, and gradually fell out of favor. Even though the BCG Matrix has fallen from grace, it is still alive and has left an imprint on management education and practice. Despite being largely discredited in academic circles, many practitioners still view it as an important corporate portfolio planning technique.
Systemic value creation in knowledge organizations: aspects of a theory
Authors: Adriaenssen Daniel , Johannessen Dagny , Sætersdal Helene , Johannessen Jon-Arild
Published: April 2017

The phenomenon under investigation is the transition from an industrial society to a society that is based to a larger extent on knowledge resources. The question the authors are investigating is: What are the key value creation processes in a knowledge-based organization? The objective of the article is to understand and explain the social mechanisms that influence the development of knowledge-based organizations. The method used is conceptual generalization. The findings are linked to a new emphasis on information structure (infostructure), and a new way of organizing (front line focus), the modulization of work processes, and global competence clusters.
Factors affecting employee turnover and sound retention strategies in business organization: a conceptual view
Authors: Abdullah Al Mamun Chowdhury , Nazmul Hasan Md.
Published: April 2017

“Employee turnover” as an expression is broadly used in business organization. Despite the fact that several studies have been performed on this topic, little research has been conducted on examining the causes and leading factors of turnover as well, as advising some feasible approaches, which can be applied by bosses to ensure that employees will continue in their respective organizations to enhance organizational effectiveness and productivity. The main purpose of this study is to determine the reasons and key factors in the perspectives of the relevant literature and identify to the intention of employee turnover. This conceptual paper also suggests various possible strategies on how to minimize the turnover and retain employees in the organizations. Hence, the paper has proposed a conceptual framework that shows the major variables in explaining the phenomenon of employee turnover and addressing sound retention strategies to handle these issues.