bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Εφαρμογές σύγχρονων μεθόδων ανάλυσης δεδομένων στον τραπεζικό τομέα
Authors: Μαμαλούγκου Βασιλική
Published: April 2024

Στην παρούσα διδακτορική διατριβή, χρησιμοποιούμε σύγχρονες μεθόδους ανάλυσης δεδομένων για τη μοντελοποίηση μέτρων κινδύνων, απαραίτητα στην λειτουργία του τραπεζικού κλάδου. Πιο συγκεκριμένα, εστιάζουμε στην μεταβλητότητα, καθώς η πρόβλεψη της μεταβλητότητας στις χρηματοοικονομικές αγορές είναι κρίσιμη για τον σχεδιασμό επενδυτικών στρατηγικών, τη διαχείριση του κινδύνου και τη λήψη επενδυτικών αποφάσεων. Οι μέθοδοι πρόβλεψης που χρησιμοποιούνται στην ανά χείρας διδακτορική διατριβή, βασίζονται στην χρήση προχωρημένων στατιστικών μοντέλων, που μας επιτρέπουν να μοντελοποιήσουμε τη μεταβλητότητα με βάση ιστορικά χρηματοοικονομικά δεδομένα. Αναλυτικότερα, χρησιμοποιούμε μοντέλα τύπου GARCH (Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity) ως "state of the art" μοντέλα για την μοντελοποίηση των διακυμάνσεων των αποδόσεων των χρεογράφων στο διάνυσμα του χρόνου. Επιπροσθέτως, κάνουμε χρήση στατιστικών/οικονομικών δεικτών, όπως ο δείκτης μεταβλητότητας (volatility index) ή η οικονομική αβεβαιότητα για την εξακρίβωση της προβλεπτικής αξίας τέτοιων δεικτών στα μοντέλα τύπου GARCH με σκοπό την ακριβέστερη πρόβλεψη της ιστορικής μεταβλητότητας. Τέλος, κάνουμε χρήση τεχνικών ανάλυσης δεδομένων μεγάλου όγκου, γνωστών και ως Big Data, καθώς η βιβλιογραφία έχει καταδείξει πως μπορεί να είναι εξαιρετικά χρήσιμες για την πρόβλεψη της μεταβλητότητας στις χρηματοοικονομικές αγορές. Τα Big Data περιλαμβάνουν πολυπλοκότερο και πυκνότερο όγκο δεδομένων, τον οποίο δεν μπορούν να διαχειριστούν αποτελεσματικά οι συμβατικές τεχνικές ανάλυσης δεδομένων. Τα Big Data επιτρέπουν την ανάλυση τεράστιων χρονοσειρών, περιλαμβάνοντας δεδομένα από διάφορες πηγές και σε διάφορα επίπεδα χρονικής κλίμακας. Αυτό επιτρέπει τον προσδιορισμό προτύπων μεγάλης κλίμακας και τάσεων που δύναται να επηρεάσουν τη μεταβλητότητα. Είναι σημαντικό να σημειωθεί ότι, καταλήγουμε στο συμπέρασμα πως, καμία μέθοδος δεν μπορεί να παρέχει απόλυτες προβλέψεις, αλλά η συνδυαστική χρήση διαφορετικών προσεγγίσεων μπορεί να βελτιώσει την ακρίβεια των προβλέψεων.
Peeter Kreitzberg 75 – me ei ole unustanud
Authors: Mikser Rain
Published: April 2024

Rain Mikser tutvustab lähimineviku ühe silmapaistvama haridusteadlase ja -poliitiku Peeter Kreitzbergi 75. sünniaastapäevale pühendatud mälestuskogumikku "Peeter Kreitzberg – haridusteadlane ja poliitik". Kogumiku artiklid pärinevad Kreitzbergiga tema erinevatel eluperioodidel kokku puutunud inimestelt, käsitledes nii haridusteaduslikke ja poliitilisi küsimusi kui seiku seoses Kreitzbergi elu muude tahkudega.
The Genesis of the Maastricht Treaty and Its Importance for the European Integration and Security
Authors: Fiszer Józef M.
Published: April 2024

The Treaty of Maastricht was signed thirty years ago, that is, on 7 February 1992, and after its ratification entered into force on 1 November 1993. It was a quantum leap into the European integration initiated after the Second World War. It constituted a basis for the creation of the European Union (EU), becoming an accelerator of the European integration and an important element of the transatlantic system of international security. Its origin and decisions rest in such contemporary events and processes as the “Autumn of Nations,” which resulted in the fall of communism in the states of Central and Eastern Europe, German reunification on 3 October 1990, the collapse of the Soviet Union in December 1991 and the global end of the Cold War. The article is aimed at analyzing the prerequisites of the genesis of the Treaty of Maastricht and showing its significance for the integration and security of Europe after the collapse of the Yalta-Potsdam order and the end of the Cold War. The main thesis statement is that the Treaty of Maastricht would not have been signed and the European Union would not have been established without the fall of communism in the states of Central and Eastern Europe, the collapse of the Soviet Union and German reunification. Moreover, I believe that international situation after the Cold War would have been less stable without the Treaty of Maastricht and the EU, because the competition for leadership between reunited Germany and France would have intensified.
El control de constitucionalidad en el Consejo de Estado y la afirmación kelseniana del principio de sujeción de los jueces a la ley
Authors: Murillo Mena Jessica
Published: April 2024

Este capítulo tiene como objetivo responder al siguiente cuestionamiento: ¿es realmente necesario en el ordenamiento jurídico colombiano que se realice control residual de constitucionalidad abstracto integral por el Consejo de Estado? Esta pregunta resulta fundamental, pues de manera tradicional ha existido la creencia de que dicho control debe ser realizado de forma exclusiva por la Corte Constitucional, sin embargo, nos atrevemos a enunciar desde ya que debido a las particularidades de nuestro ordenamiento jurídico el Consejo de Estado se encuentra llamado a completar el control abstracto integral desarrollado en principio por la Corte Constitucional. Así, dadas las características especiales de evolución del ordenamiento, la naturaleza jurídica del asunto y la especificidad de la materia, es necesario que ambas Cortes trabajen de forma conjunta en la consecución de un mismo objetivo, que no es otro que la unidad e integridad del ordenamiento jurídico colombiano.
Effect of trade liberalization on ASEAN-China exports: A gravity model approach
Authors: Az-zakiyah Nurul Azizah , Sukarniati Lestari , Vieira Maria Isabel Coutinho
Published: April 2024

This study aimed to analyze the impact of trade liberalization between ASEAN and China on ASEAN and China export using the gravity models approach. The liberalization of trade openness is measured by the ratio of the total exports of ASEAN countries and China. The data used are annual panel data consisting of the ten ASEAN member countries and US states from 2010 to 2021. The difference with previous research is the object of research which analyzes specifically related to the free trade agreement carried out between ASEAN member countries and China which is analyzed using the Gravity model. The results of the estimation ASEAN models is the variable openness ASEAN countries against the China positive influence on ASEAN exports. China openness toward ASEAN variables did not significantly affect ASEAN exports. Results of the estimation China model shows the openness variable ASEAN against US no effect on China exports. Variable China openness toward ASEAN positive effect on China exports. Of the two models of the estimated proved that trade liberalization ASEAN - China influence on ASEAN exports and China exports.  The implication of the study in free trade agreement that ASEAN countries is more focused on the sector of agriculture product, food, textile and some extractive industries.

The results of the estimation ASEAN models is the variable openness ASEAN countries against the China positive influence on ASEAN exports. China openness toward ASEAN variables did not significantly affect ASEAN exports. Results of the estimation China model shows the openness variable ASEAN against US no effect on China exports. Variable China openness toward ASEAN positive effect on China exports. Of the two models of the estimated proved that trade liberalization ASEAN - China influence on ASEAN exports and China exports
ESG and firm performance: The moderating role of gender diversity
Authors: Marheni Dewi Khornida , Sherry Sherry , Yulfiswandi Yulfiswandi
Published: April 2024

Disclosure of ESG from companies around the world has experienced a drastic increase, this phenomenon is also accompanied by an increase in socially responsible investment. This study investigates the moderating role of gender diversity in the relationship between the individual dimensions of ESG (environmental disclosure, social disclosure, and governance disclosure) and the company’s performance (Tobin's Q) in IDX companies. The research design is causal-explanatory. Based on the theory of previous findings, hypotheses were developed and tested by applying panel data regression to 42 IDX companies in the period of 2017 to 2021. The results found that disclosure of governance had a significant negative effect on company performance as measured by Tobin's Q. Moderation of gender diversity plays a role in weakening the relationship between governance disclosure with company performance. Several managerial implications are proposed based on this research. Managers may consider other ways to address stakeholder concerns about environmental and social performance. Indonesian policymakers can authorize regulations regarding ESG disclosure requirements to boost firm performance and lead to economic stability.
Relative risk of COVID-19 pandemic and regional inflation convergence in Indonesia: Spatial panel data approach
Authors: Sayifullah Sayifullah , Arifin Samsul
Published: April 2024

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between the risk of a COVID-19 pandemic and regional inflation convergence in Indonesia. Because the COVID-19 recession differs from the previous inflation recession, it is important to investigate regional inflation convergences in order to evaluate the inflation rate and the impact of macroeconomic policy on inflation convergence. The spatial panel data used in this study ranges from 2020:M3 to 2021:M12. The dynamic econometric spatial panel data model is used to quantify relative risk without spatial or SIRs to calculate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on regional inflation convergence in Indonesia. On the contrary, for calculating the risk relative to spatial elements, the CAR Leroux or BSCL Bayesian Spatial Model is used. Using BSCL, the calculation of the relative risk value for the COVID-19 pandemic concludes that Sumatera Island, Java Island, Kalimantan Island, Sulawesi Island, Maluku Island, and Papua Island have high risks, while Bali Island and Nusa Tenggara Island have low risks. In both static and dynamic models, the influence of currency circulation on inflation convergence is positive, and the relative risk of a COVID-19 pandemic on inflation convergence is negative. Monetary phenomena during the COVID-19 pandemic determined inflation behavior in Indonesia. Studies show that the COVID-19 pandemic is a deterrent to inflation convergence, while the circulation of money drives inflation convergence.
Does the development of fintech promote debt risk? Evidence from East Java province
Authors: Wardhana Angga Restu , Indriyani Diyan
Published: April 2024

Developments of financial technology have an impact on economic growth and people’s income. The rapid development of fintech has the impact of increasing financial inclusion or debt risk. This study aims to determine the impact of fintech on consumption behaviour and debt risks in East Java. The research data is from January 2019 - December 2020 with fintech variables, online loans, consumption levels, and debt risk. The research methods used are SVAR and OLS to provide an explanation of the impact of fintech on consumption behaviour and debt risk. The results of the research, fintech in the short-run restriction does not directly affect consumption levels, but in the long-run restriction, it directly affects consumption. Fintech will affect consumption through online lending. On the other hand, fintech has a significant effect on loan risk. The policy mix between related institutions can increase the positive role of fintech and mitigate loan risk.
MSME lending and its impact on the unemployment rate: Evidence from Indonesia
Authors: Ulya MahaPutri Ummi Khalida , Satrianto Alpon
Published: April 2024

Micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) are business sectors that contribute positively to economic development and their contribution to national income. However, as the number of MSMEs increases but MSME faces several problems. The most prominent issue is the lack of capital owned by the entrepreneurs to develop their businesses. In lending, there are several things that need to be considered by creditors and debtors to maintain the intermediary function of the bank. By providing targeted credit, more workers can be absorbed so that Indonesia's unemployment rate continues to fall. This study using panel data regression. First model  using the random effect model (REM) method and second model  using the fixed effect model (FEM) method with a cross-section of 33 provinces in Indonesia and time series 2015-2022. The test results show that the DPK variable, the number of branches, and inflation have a positive and significant effect on total MSME lending and the NPL variable has no effect on total MSME credit. Furthermore, the total MSME lending variable and the economic growth rate have a negative significant effect on the unemployment rate. This research provides a deeper understanding of the factors that determine MSME lending and how they relate to the unemployment rate in 33 Indonesian provinces. It can also be used as a basis for formulating more effective policies related to MSME lending with the potential to reduce the unemployment rate.
Ethical predicaments of gig economy: Bibliometric approach
Authors: Hadi Anthony Andrew Wahyu Kusumo , Pratono Aluisius Hery
Published: April 2024

This article rigorously examines the landscape of gig economy literature, focusing intently on ethical considerations through a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of 1000 publications spanning from 2015 to 2023. The investigation reveals the emergence of four primary cluster topics—gig economy, flexibility, privacy, and security—unveiling critical dimensions within the ongoing discourse on the evolving nature of gig employment. Significantly, the study identifies intriguing subtopics necessitating further exploration, such as data security, surveillance, worker exploitation, precarity, and legal considerations. This nuanced exploration not only contributes to the existing gig economy literature but also catalyzes essential discussions surrounding pressing ethical concerns in the contemporary world of work. The implications of the findings are profound, emphasizing the imperative for sustained research efforts to deepen our understanding of the evolving challenges within the gig economy, thereby enriching policy debates in the ever-evolving landscape of the labor market. This study not only provides valuable insights but also acts as a roadmap for ongoing discourse, guiding future inquiries into the intricate ethical facets of the gig economy and shaping frameworks and policies aligned with the dynamic nature of contemporary work environments.
Exploration of Industrial, Traditional, and Pharmaceutical Applications of Diversity Rich Genus Trigonella: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Verma Prawal P. S. , Siddiqui Saba , Nayyer Md. Abu , Singh Saudan , Kumar Dipender , Padalia R. C.
Published: April 2024

The Trigonella genus, encompassing Trigonella foenum gracum L. and other species, exhibits annual growth patterns and thrives in arid and semiarid environments worldwide. India stands at the forefront of Trigonella diversity, showcasing its adaptability to challenging climatic conditions. This meticulous review consolidates existing scientific literature to provide a comprehensive evaluation of the Trigonella genus, emphasizing its nutritional value, traditional uses, and therapeutic applications. Particularly, its significance in traditional medicine systems such as Indian Ayurveda, Tibetan, and Chinese medicine is highlighted, shedding light on its profound cultural and medicinal implications. Morphological distinctions, etymology, vernacularity, and habitat preferences specific to the Trigonella genus are also discussed. Additionally, this study explores the economic potential of Trigonella, underscoring its pivotal role in ensuring food security and healthcare within local communities. Furthermore, it emphasizes the importance of safeguarding traditional healthcare practices and fostering biodiversity conservation efforts by examining the traditional knowledge and utilization of endemic plants worldwide. By offering insights into the diverse species within the Trigonella genus, their cultural significance, and medicinal potential, this review significantly contributes to our comprehension of these invaluable resources and their far-reaching implications for human well-being.
Comparative Studies on Effects of Simulated Microgravity on Growth and Photosynthetic Parameters in Rice and Mungbean
Authors: Jagtap S. S. , Kamble S. M. , Dixit Jyotsana , Vidyasagar P. B.
Published: April 2024

Microgravity or low gravity environment of space can be simulated on Earth by using clinorotation with appropriate speed of rotation. Previous reports show that microgravity environment (real or simulated) affects growth, chlorophyll content and photosynthetic performance in different plants. However, most of the reports showed variation in results. Earlier studies carried out on simulated microgravity (SMG) using clinorotation in our laboratory showed increase in growth, chlorophyll content and various yield attributes in case of laboratory and field grown rice. Subsequent studies were carried out on mungbean seedlings. In the present work, comparative aspects of these studies are reported. Results of the present study showed increase in growth, chlorophyll content and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters in SMG samples as compared to control samples in rice and mungbean seedlings. Interestingly, percentage of enhancement in growth, chlorophyll content and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of SMG samples is significantly higher in rice (monocotyledonous) seedlings as compared to mungbean (dicotyledonous).
The Effects of Rhizobium Phaseoli and Phosphate-Solubilizing Microorganisms on Phaseolus Vulgaris Amended with Rock Phosphate and Biogas Spent Slurry
Authors: kumari V. Jeyanthi , Radhika D. , Veerabahu C.
Published: April 2024

Phaseolusvulgaries seeds were inoculated with Rhizobium phaseoli, Phosphate solubilizing Microorganisms (PSM) with rock phosphate in plots containing poultry droppings slurry of biogas plant. This experiment was carried out in 4 treatments with control (T1, T2, T3, T4 and T0).The samples were collected at seedling, preflowering, blooming and end stages to learn the phenotypical nature, NPK and chlorophyll contents. Studies on microbes have also been conducted on plants at every stage of development. Comparing the plant supplied by R.phaseous PSM with rock phosphate to control and other application combinations, the results showed that the plant recorded the highest values in the morphological, biochemical, and microbiological features.From the seedling stage on, the plants' NPK content also rose. (1.262%, 0.28% & 0.26%) to the flowering stage. In the T4 treatment, there are likewise 36 nodules, and each nodule weighs 0.268 g. The weight is roughly 0.039g, and the lowest nodule number (07nos) was discovered in the control. The enriched manure that produced the best results was the combination of SPDS+PSM+RP+R.phaseoli (T4). The yield was 2.435tons/hectare and PSM+RP (T2), which produced 1.890 tons/hectare; PSM+RP (T3), 1.101 tons/hectare in inorganic manure (T1), and control (0.821 tons/hectare) (T0). The study report highlighted the critical roles that PSO, R. phaseoli, and rock phosphate played in P. vulgaries nodulation, nitrogen fixation, and good yield.
Phule Satwik (NIAW 3170): A soft bread wheat variety for North Western Plains and Peninsular Zone of India
Authors: Magar Nilesh , Dodake Suresh , Gadekar Dnyandeo , Game Bhanudas , Lokhande Rajendra , Mhaske Bhalchandra , Patil Yogesh
Published: April 2024

Wheat is an important crop that plays major role in a food grain production in the country.It is a lone source for industries involved in the manufacturing of bread, biscuits, flakes, cakes etc. These industries rely on quality parameters viz.,grain hardness index, biscuit spread factor, bread quality score, and bread loaf volume. Bread wheat variety Phule Satwik (NIAW 3170) is developed at Agricultural Research Station, Niphad has been released and notified by Central Sub Committee on Crop Standards, India for cultivation in North Western Plains Zone and Peninsular Zone under restricted irrigation conditions vide notification number S.O. 3482 (E) dated 7th October, 2020. The variety has high yield potential under restricted irrigation conditions along with disease resistance and superior grain quality parameters. It was the softest grain variety among all the genotypes having a biscuit spread factor of more than 10. With good nutritional and quality parameters, it will be a promising variety for bakery industries.
Isolation and Identification of Soil-Derived Amylase-Producing Bacteria
Authors: S Shivalingaiah , ­H.S Bindushree , G.L Basavaraju , H G Pushpalatha
Published: April 2024

Soil is a vital ecosystem for various life forms, including bacteria. Bacteria are the main group of soil microbes, mostly because of their ability to produce various extracellular enzymes. Amylases are the enzymes that break down starch, which are essential in biotechnology industries such as food, fermentation, textiles, and paper manufacturing. The demand for amylase is often high since many enterprises do not have access to local supplies of the enzyme. The objective of the current investigation is to isolate and identify bacterial isolates that can produce the enzyme amylase from soil samples. Soil samples were collected from the unexplored Biligiriranga hills (11.9988° N, 77.1398° E) in south-western Karnataka Bacterial isolates were isolated from soil samples and were primarily screened on starch agar medium to determine the amylase production. Three out of fifteen bacterial isolates that produced amylase were selected based on the highest clear zone around the bacterial colony. These three bacterial isolates were identified both microscopically and biochemically. Gram staining demonstrated that the isolates are rod-shaped and gram-positive organisms. Biochemical studies indicated that the isolates were positive for the catalase and starch hydrolysis tests, whereas negative for the potassium hydroxide and methyl red tests. Besides, 16S rRNA gene amplification and sequencing confirmed the isolate as Bacillus subtilis. The 16S rRNA sequence of B. subtilis strain B has been deposited in the NCBI GenBank. The optimal growth conditions observed in B. Subtilis. The optimal growth conditions observed in B. Subtilis were 37° C temperature at pH 7 and incubation period for 37h. Thus, the isolation and identification of soil-derived amylase-producing bacteria are crucial for understanding their potential applications in various industrial processes, such as bioremediation, waste management, and the production of enzymes for food, pharmaceuticals, and biofuel industries.
Hyponatraemia post stroke: a case study and review
Authors: Farrington Liz , Mortimore Gerri
Published: April 2024

This article discusses a case seen in clinical practice presenting with hyponatraemia post stroke. Strokes are a common occurrence in the UK and evidence suggests that 50% of these cases will develop some form of sodium and water imbalance, associated with increased mortality and morbidity. Hyponatraemia in acute stroke is commonly caused by either a syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone or cerebral salt wasting syndrome. This article discusses both causes which require different treatment approaches and reflects on the treatment decisions of the practitioner, who, on reading the literature around hyponatraemia, reversed their initial treatment decision.
Secure homes need makeover
Authors: Hayes Derren
Published: April 2024

Government funding will boost secure children's homes places but experts call for wholesale changes
Brett Wigdortz
Authors: Hayes Derren
Published: April 2024

The founder and chief executive of childminder agency Tiney speaks to Derren Hayes
Tired remedies won't end youth knife crime
Authors: Coady Andrea
Published: April 2024

Andrea Coady, head of service user involvement at crime reduction charity Nacro
ADVENTURES OUTDOORS
Authors: Hayes Derren
Published: April 2024

Participation in outdoor learning is vital for the health and wellbeing of children, with evidence showing it also aids attainment and social skills but rising costs are restricting access for disadvantaged young people
Farm setting boosts children's resilience
Authors: Weinstein Nicole
Published: April 2024

IN SUMMARY

Award-winning childminding setting provides thrill-seeking outdoor adventures to foster children's emotional resilience and improve their wellbeing.
Supported accommodation
Authors: Stephenson Jo
Published: April 2024

Ahead of Ofsted inspections of supported accommodation for care leavers, Jo Stephenson looks at how consultation has helped shape the new regime and what providers can do now to prepare
Online classes get young people back to learning
Authors: Jóźwiak Gabriella
Published: April 2024

Virtual learning offers persistently absent pupils the chance to reconnect with education with bespoke classes for academic and vocational qualifications
Scandal over advert reveals care leavers’ acute housing challenges
Authors: Simpson Fiona
Published: April 2024

Advert by social housing provider specifying ‘no care leavers’ apply highlights difficulties many young people leaving care face to find a home and why a local authority guarantor scheme is needed, experts say
Design and Implementation of an Educational App as a Methodology to Improve Speaking Skills in EFL Students at B1 Level: A Case Study
Authors: Padilla Nelly , Padilla Yajaira , Andrade José Luis , Yumi Lorena
Published: April 2024

The present study aimed to improve the speaking skills of university students at the B1 level who presented limitations in their oral competence. An educational methodology based on designing and implementing an application adapted to the Common European Framework of Reference was developed and applied to boost language performance. A case study was used to conduct the two stages of this research; the former had to do with a control group where intervention was carried out using non-probabilistic sampling with students of the Computing Faculty; a pretest was applied to test the knowledge acquired in their classroom sessions during the first quarter in 2020. The second process was tracking an experimental group, which was assessed after implementing the developed methodology using the app "4skillsweb". A posttest was used to evidence learners' progress during the COVID-19 lockdown, and the results showed improved oral competence in aspects such as grammar and vocabulary, discourse management, pronunciation, and interactive communication, with about 95% confidence in its validation. A qualitative-quantitative methodology was used to determine the influence of the English app. A t-students test was implemented to corroborate the data analysis taken by both groups through SOFTWARE JMP v 11.0.0G.
Volar Lunate Dislocation: A Case Report
Authors:   Central Institute of Orthopaedics, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India., Yadav Rajat Kumar , Siwach Ishaan ,   Central Institute of Orthopaedics, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India., Krishna Loveneesh G. ,   Central Institute of Orthopaedics, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India., Kumar Vinay ,   Central Institute of Orthopaedics, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India., Malay Malay ,   Central Institute of Orthopaedics, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India.
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Perilunate dislocations are rare high-energy injuries which may often have the potential to cause lifelong disability of the wrist if not addressed optimally. Hence, early recognition, diagnosis, and intervention are of paramount importance in the restoring function and prevention of morbidity. Lunate dislocations are the fourth and last stage of perilunate dislocations being extremely rare, with volar dislocations representing <3% of perilunate dislocations. Case Report: A 24-year-old man suffered from an alleged history of fall from a bike on an outstretched hand following which he developed complaints of pain and swelling in the right wrist. On examination, the patient has relative sensory loss over the lateral half of the palm with no vascular deficit. An accurate range of motion could not be documented due to severe pain. Standard digital X-rays revealed lunate displaced and angulated volarly with a typical “spilled teacup” appearance along with radial and ulnar styloid fractures. Management: The patient was initially given an attempt of closed reduction which was not successful and was followed with open reduction and internal fixation with both volar and dorsal approach with Kirschner wires. The patient’s wrist was immobilized for 6 weeks with below elbow cast with the removal of k wires at 8 weeks after which wrist ROM exercises were started. Results: The patient was followed up for 6 months and now has a functional range of motion of the wrist with no sensory deficit and is able to continue with his profession as a car mechanic. Conclusion: Mayfield progression Stage 4 perilunate dislocations are uncommon with a poor prognosis if not addressed timely. Hence, these injuries need to be identified early and optimally managed with surgical intervention for a favorable outcome. Keywords: Perilunate dislocation, carpal bones, avascular necrosis of lunate, wrist trauma, carpal instability
A Novel Approach to Grade 2 Closed Olecranon Fractures (Oestern and Tscherne Classification) Through Percutaneous Tension Band Wiring: A Case Report
Authors:   Department of Orthopaedics, B.Y.L Nair Charitable Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India., Khandelwal R C S , Avhad Tanmay ,   Department of Orthopaedics, B.Y.L Nair Charitable Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India., Syed Zafar ,   Department of Orthopaedics, B.Y.L Nair Charitable Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India., Chaudhary Arif ,   Department of Orthopaedics, B.Y.L Nair Charitable Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India., Bhangde Saurabh ,   Department of Orthopaedics, B.Y.L Nair Charitable Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Olecranon fractures with compromised overlying skin such as superficial and deep abrasions and puncture wounds pose a challenge to manage as they are at a higher risk of wound and hardware-associated complications such as wound dehiscence, infection, gaping, and prominent hardware. Management of such fractures requires a holistic approach with special attention to the skin and soft tissues. Case Report: This case highlights a 28-year-old male with a history of falls from a bike resulting in the right comminuted displaced olecranon fracture with multiple superficial abrasions which was managed with a thorough wound wash, antibiotics for 3 days after which percutaneous tension band wiring was performed through a 3 cm incision to prevent any wound complications. Rehabilitation and physical therapy were started immediately and the patient restored the complete range of motion at the elbow thus resuming his activities of daily living. Conclusion: Utilizing a percutaneous technique for fixation in closed olecranon fractures with compromised overlying skin is considered an innovative, secure, dependable, and effective approach. Keywords: Percutaneous, olecranon, tension-band wiring, wound healing, K-wire.
Is Modular Prosthesis Superior to Monoblock Variant in Hemiarthroplasty for Fracture Neck of Femur?
Authors:   Department of Orthopedics, Government Medical College, Kannur, Kerala, India., Paul Prannoy , Riyaz N N ,   Department of Orthopedics, Government Medical College, Kannur, Kerala, India.
Published: April 2024

Introduction: The incidence of hip fractures is increasing every year worldwide. Even though hemiarthroplasty is one of the most common procedures performed for a fractured neck of the femur, there is very little research comparing the outcomes of monoblock and modular systems, the two most commonly used prostheses in neck of the femur fractures. It was hypothesized that in narrow femoral canals, the single-size monoblock stem would be more difficult to insert and lead to complications like limb lengthening and intra-operative calcar fractures. The objective of our study was to compare the outcomes of a modular prosthesis with that of a monoblock prosthesis in a fractured neck of the femur. Materials and Methods: This study analyzed the surgical outcomes of 192 cases of hemiarthroplasties performed over a 4-year period using a modular system and compared it to 192 cases performed using a single-sized monoblock system. Results: The monoblock systems were more likely to cause post-operative limb lengthening compared to their modular counterparts (P = 0.01). The incidence of intra-operative fractures was also more in the monoblock system, although it was not statistically significant. Up to 45% of patients required a femoral stem size smaller than the single-sized monoblock system as the optimum size for their femoral canals, which was available only in the modular system Conclusions: Modular prosthesis was found to have lower chances of post-operative limb lengthening and lower chances of intraoperative calcar fractures compared to monoblock prosthesis. Careful pre-operative radiologic planning is essential in cases where monoblock systems are used, and the modular system might serve as a viable solution in such scenarios. Keywords: Hip fracture, hemiarthroplasty, modular, monoblock, lengthening, complications.
Musical Structure and the Interpretability of Agamemnon 1513–20
Authors: Marshall C. W.
Published: April 2024

Abstract: This article situates the amoebaeon Agamemnon 1407–1576 within the musical structure of the play. Employing a criterion of interpretability in performance, it demonstrates how even the most complex choral and musical passages remain interpretable when a play is experienced linearly in performance. The amoebaeon, as preserved, is not interpretable however: the repetition of the second ephymnion (lines 1513–20) is intrusive, and it prevents the audience from appreciating Aeschylus’s musical structure. Further, lines 1513–20 do not conform to Aeschylus’s use of refrains elsewhere. Interpretability is restored if this passage is deleted.
A New Musical Helen
Authors: Franklin John C.
Published: April 2024

Abstract: This paper discusses compositional methods and interpretive choices behind “new ancient music” for Euripides’ Helen , how it supports or complicates the play’s musical design as previously understood, and how a newly musicalized “choral plot” can affect audience experience, ancient and modern. It is intended to complement performance recordings and scores, materials which, taken together, may help one understand the ancient experience of Greek dramatic music generally, or to evaluate musical effects of this specific play. It may also be useful for restaging Helen with this music, or new compositions of one’s own.
Twenty-three Melville Letters That Have Appeared Since 1993: An Addendum to the Correspondence Volume
Authors: Gretchko John M. J.
Published: April 2024

Abstract: “[T]he miser-merman, Wisdom, revealed his hoarded heaps.” The following Herman Melville letters have been snatched from the clenched hands of the miser-merman of Davy Jones. There are undoubtedly many more to be grasped. These letters are to an omnium-gatherum of lawyers, a stock broker, students, editors, a publisher, Secretaries of State, and autograph hunters. The letters, long and short, fill lacunae in Melville’s life.
The Relief Campaign for the 1954 Yangzi River Flood and Rural Collectivization in Early Communist China
Authors: Liang Yue
Published: April 2024

Abstract: In 1954, a devastating flood struck the entire Yangzi River basin, causing the first major natural disaster in the newly established People’s Republic of China (PRC). The young regime had just embarked on its First Five-Year Plan, aimed at achieving rapid economic development and industrialization. The flood swept across several provinces, displaced populations, and submerged farmlands, posing both a new challenge and an opportunity for the regime to shape the socioeconomic landscape of the affected regions. This article uses a localized perspective to examine how the rural society of Hubei Province, the hardest-hit area, responded to the disaster. The central government’s self-help doctrine delegated much power to local governments and communities. Local officials and rural cadres had considerable leeway in managing the relief campaign as they simultaneously followed the state macroeconomic policy of rural collectivization. The 1954 flood in Hubei Province serves as a case study that illustrates the complexities of disaster management in the early years of the PRC.
Essential newborn care practices in health facilities of Nepal: Evidence from Nepal Health Facility Survey 2015 and 2021
Authors: Pandey Achyut Raj , Adhikari Bikram , Lamichhane Bipul , Dulal Bishnu , K. C. Saugat Pratap , Joshi Deepak , Baral Sushil Chandra
Published: April 2024

Availability of newborn care practices in health facilities (HFs) plays an important role in improving the survival and well-being of newborns. In this paper, we aimed to assess practice of carrying out different newborn care practices among HFs between 2015 and 2021, and associated factors in Nepal. We analyzed data of 621 and 786 HFs offering delivery and newborn care services from Nepal Health Facility Surveys 2015 and 2021, respectively. We summarized categorical variables with a weighted percent and 95% confidence interval (CI). We estimated weighted unadjusted absolute difference in percentage of different newborn care practices between 2015 and 2021, and its 95% CI using binomial regression model. We applied univariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis to determine the factors associated with the availability of all seven newborn care practices. The percentage of HFs carrying out all seven newborn care practices was 50.5% (95% CI: 44.6, 56.3) in 2015 and 83.7% (95% CI: 79.8, 87.0) in 2021 with an overall difference of 33.3 percent points (95% CI: 26.4, 40.1). The proportion of HFs reporting all seven newborn care practices increased significantly between 2015 and 2021 in each all three ecological regions and in provinces except Madhesh and Gandaki. In 2021, private hospitals had lower odds of carrying out all seven newborn care practices compared to federal/provincial hospitals (AOR = 0.26, 95% CI: 0.11, 0.63). Similarly, in 2021, the odds of HFs carrying out all seven newborn care practices was 2.87 (95% CI: 1.06, 8.31) times higher in Sudurpashchim compared to Koshi province. In 2021, HFs carrying out seven newborn care practices did not differ significantly based on ecological belts, quality assurance activities, external supervision, delivery service-related training, and frequency of HF meetings. In conclusion, there has been significant improvement in proportion of facilities carrying out seven essential newborn care practices between 2015 and 2021. Type of facility and provinces were associated with the HFs carrying out seven newborn care practices in Nepal.
Chromodomain mutation in S. pombe Kat5/Mst1 affects centromere dynamics and DNA repair
Authors: Li Tingting , Petreaca Ruben C. , Forsburg Susan L.
Published: April 2024

KAT5 (S. pombe Mst1, human TIP60) is a MYST family histone acetyltransferase conserved from yeast to humans that is involved in multiple cellular activities. This family is characterized in part by containing a chromodomain, a motif associated with binding methylated histones. We show that a chromodomain mutation in the S. pombe Kat5, mst1-W66R, has defects in pericentromere silencing. mst1-W66R is sensitive to camptothecin (CPT) but only at an increased temperature of 36°C, although it is proficient for growth at this temperature. We also describe a de-silencing effect at the pericentromere by CPT that is independent of RNAi and methylation machinery. We also show that mst1-W66R disrupts recruitment of proteins to repair foci in response to camptothecin-induced DNA damage. Our data suggest a function of Mst1 chromodomain in centromere heterochromatin formation and a separate role in genome-wide damage repair in CPT.
Prevalence of childhood stunting and determinants in low and lower-middle income African countries: Evidence from standard demographic and health survey
Authors: Tamir Tadesse Tarik , Gezhegn Soliyana Adisu , Dagnew Dejen Tegegne , Mekonenne Abebe Tilahun , Aweke Genetu Tadese , Lakew Ayenew Molla
Published: April 2024

Introduction

Undernutrition poses a significant global public health challenge, adversely affecting childhood cognitive and physical development while increasing the risk of disease and mortality. Stunting, characterized by impaired growth and development in children due to insufficient psychological stimulation, frequent infections, and inadequate nutrition, remains a critical issue. Although economic growth alone cannot fully address the prevalence of stunting, there exists a robust correlation between a country’s income level and childhood stunting rates. Countries with higher incomes tend to have lower rates of childhood stunting. Notably, while childhood stunting is declining worldwide, it remains persistent in Africa. Consequently, this study aims to assess the prevalence of childhood stunting and its determinants in low- and lower-middle-income African countries

Method

This study conducted a secondary analysis of standard demographic and health surveys in low- and lower-middle-income African countries spanning the period from 2010 to 2022. The analysis included a total sample of 204,214 weighted children under the age of five years. To identify the determinants of stunting, we employed a multilevel mixed-effect model, considering the three levels of variables. The measures of association (fixed effect) were determined using the adjusted odds ratio at a 95% confidence interval. Significance was declared when the association between the outcome variable and the explanatory variable had a p-value less than 0.05.

Result

In low and lower-middle-income African countries, 31.28% of children under five years old experience stunting, with a 95% confidence interval ranging from 31.08% to 31.48%. The results from a multilevel mixed-effect analysis revealed that 24 months or more of age of child, male gender, low and high birth weight, low and high maternal BMI, no and low maternal education, low household wealth index, multiple (twin or triplet) births, rural residence, and low income of countries were significantly associated with childhood stunting.

Conclusion

Stunting among children under five years of age in low- and lower-middle-income African countries was relatively high. Individual, community, and country-level factors were statistically associated with childhood stunting. Equally importantly, with child, maternal, and community factors of stunting, the income of countries needs to be considered in providing nutritional interventions to mitigate childhood stunting in Africa.
Leighton–Wintner type oscillation criteria for second-order differential equations with
p
(
t
)
-Laplacian
Authors: Fujimoto Kōdai , Onitsuka Masakazu
Published: April 2024

This paper deals with the oscillation problems for nonlinear differential equations of the form
(
r
(
t
)

|

x
′

|

p
(
t
)
−
2

x
′

)
′

+
c
(
t
)
f
(
x
)
=
0
involving
p
(
t
)
-Laplacian. The Leighton–Wintner type oscillation criteria are established without any conditions on the limit of
p
(
t
)
. In addition, we discuss the applications to partial differential equations. Some examples are given to illustrate our results.
Exploring the research landscape of Hydrogen Valleys: A bibliometric analysis
Authors: Frankowska Marzena , Cheba Katarzyna
Published: April 2024

The Hydrogen Valleys concept is growing in importance in the political landscape. Numerous national strategies dedicated to hydrogen, published internationally in recent years, recognize its advantages. The article aimed to check the scale of researchers' and scientists' interest in this topic, especially in relation to the importance and significance attached to this concept by policymakers. The study used the bibliographic method. In the first stage of the study, papers that contained the term 'hydrogen valleys' in the title, abstract or keywords were selected from the publications available in the Web of Science (WoS) database. A quantitative analysis of the collected publications was carried out in the second phase. The third stage focused on an in-depth content analysis of the publications. Bibliographic research was conducted using VOSviewer software. The WoS database identified only 284 publications dealing with hydrogen valleys. There is a systematic increase in the number of cited papers. However, the research result shows that the most frequently cited publications are studies presenting different types of technological solutions and concepts. The study indicates the existence of a significant research gap in the field of research on the creation and development of Hydrogen Valleys. Despite the growing interest in creating and operating hydrogen valleys, it can be assumed that this is still an under-explored area in the literature, especially in economic and social research. Authors' interest in publishing in this area is expected to increase with the development of hydrogen technologies in the coming years.
PA 10.10 and PA 6 composites with glass or basalt fibre: mechanical properties in dry and wet state
Authors: Romańska Paulina , Kuciel Stanisław
Published: April 2024

The effect of basalt and glass fibres and moisture on the impact strength, tensile mechanical properties and heat resistance of PA 10.10 and PA 6 was examined. It was shown that PA 10.10 composites can compete with PA 6 composites in terms of mechanical properties, in a humid environment. Their heat resistance was lower than that of PA 6 composites. Regardless of the type of polyamide, composites with glass fibre had better properties than those with basalt fibre.
Expected clinical responses due to self-medicated Sudanese children; a pharmacological and family-medicine overview
Authors: M . I Abdelgadir
Published: April 2024

This descriptive cross-sectional study was carried in Mohammed Alameen Hamid and Jaafar bin Auf Pediatrics Hospitals in Khartoum state, Sudan. This study was conducted from March to June 2021. The study respected confidentiality using a Unique Patient Identifier (UPI) code; the questionnaires were anonymous and included no personal identifiers. Consent forms were linked to the study participant using the UPI. 33.9% of the children were self-medicated with analgesics, the route of administration for 58.4% of them was oral, 54.5% of them were using the medications until the complains disappear. 51%of the mothers reported that they were using the medications three timed daily. 37.4% of the participants reported that the fever is one of the Clinical indications for self-medication, where as 30.3% of they reported common cold. All study results showed a significance level of (p<0.05).