bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MENTAL HEALTH AS A FORTITUDE FACTOR
Authors: Abramson Tobi , Berman Jackie , DeBell Karen , Hatten Christina
Published: January 2025

NYS’ Geriatric Mental Health Act has led to the establishment of a series of Geriatric Demonstration grants. To build fortitude, this round of grants focuses on the development of a Partnership to Support Aging in Place (PSAP) as a model to provide in-community services and supports to address unmet behavioral health, physical health, aging, and social support needs of older adults. The triple partnership of providers includes three core service areas: (1) OMH licensed mental health services (2) OASAS licensed SUD service providers (3) NYS Area Agency on Aging (AAA). The grant components also includes providing certified peer specialists, utilizing technology, and wrap around funding. These grants address disparities in access to services experienced by diverse, vulnerable, marginalized populations, those disproportionately affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. For the 6 grants, there have been over 280 admissions of older adults who need either mental health, aging services, or substance use disorder services. Of enrollees, 72% suffered from depression, 73% suffered from anxiety, 27% suffered from substance abuse, and 50% had an aging need. Innovative technologies includes the implementation of a created curriculum surrounding Fitbit use, and Elli-Q. Both substance use disorder and mental health peers have been central in these grants and many of these peers have been instrumental in conducting the peer-led program known as ‘Do More Feel Better’. Each component of this initiative and the outcome data will be discussed in this session. All of these factors strengthen older adults mental health fortitude.
ROLES OF GENDER AND SOCIAL MEDIA USE: MODERATING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FRUSTRATION AND DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS
Authors: Lou Vivian Weiqun , Cheng Clio Yuen Man
Published: January 2025

Depressive symptoms among older adults pose a significant public health challenge, requiring thorough investigation of contributing factors. This study aimed to examine the role of gender and social media use as moderators in the relationship between frustration of basic psychological needs and depressive symptoms among young-olds (N = 686; Mage = 61.9 years; SD = 5.82), with implications for the development of targeted and tailored interventions. The regression model yielded statistical significance (F(6, 679) = 46.74, p < 0.001), accounting for 28.61% of the variance in depressive symptoms among young-olds. Notably, a significant interaction effect emerged between frustration and social media use (β = -0.042, p = 0.019). Young-olds who reported higher levels of frustration and increased social media use displayed elevated depressive symptoms, suggesting the potential detrimental impact of excessive social media consumption on mental well-being. Furthermore, the interaction effect between gender and social media use was also significant (β = 2.161, p < 0.001), indicating distinct group differences. Among males, a significant negative interaction effect was observed between frustration and social media use on depressive symptoms (β = -.099, p =.006). Conversely, no significant interaction effect between frustration and social media use was found among females (β = -.017, p =.392). Overall, these findings highlight the complex interplay of frustration, social media use, gender, and depressive symptoms among young-olds. Tailored interventions addressing the unique needs and vulnerabilities of different gender groups and promoting healthy social media use is crucial in reducing depressive symptoms in this population.
SELF-ACCEPTANCE: FORTITUDE FOR MIDDLE-AGED AND OLDER ADULTS, ENHANCING MENTAL WELL-BEING AMID RECESSION
Authors: Kwon Ilan
Published: January 2025

Self-acceptance serves middle-aged and older adults to manage adversity and maintain mental well-being during Recession. Embracing both positive and negative aspects of oneself can cultivate a sense of self-worth, reduces vulnerability to external stressors, and bolster resilience. This positive attitude enables individuals to navigate adversity with greater adaptability and emotional stability and reinforce their coping mechanisms that enhance their capacity to manage adversity and maintain mental well-being despite economic hardship. Using the national data, Midlife in the United States (MIDUS 3, 2013-2014), this study aims to identify different patterns of socio-economic challenges experienced by middle-aged and older Americans (aged 50-64) during the 2008 recession and examine the interaction effect of the different types of challenging experiences and self-acceptance levels on later-life mental well-being. Latent class analysis of twenty-six socio-economic challenge items revealed five patterns of the Recession experiences: People encountering various difficulties, job transitions, financial hardships, homebuyers burdened with reduced debts, and those experiencing no significant challenges. Multiple regression results showed that people facing financial hardship and job mobility during the Recession reported heightened mental health issues compared to those with fewer challenges, even after controlling for other variables. Higher levels of self-acceptance correlated with better mental health outcomes. Notably, individuals with elevated self-acceptance demonstrated resilience in maintaining mental well-being despite economic adversity. By highlighting the protective role of self-acceptance, this study offers valuable insights into effective coping strategies and informs interventions aimed at bolstering the resilience and psychological well-being of middle-aged and older adults facing socio-economic challenges and adversity.
MIDDLE AGED AND OLDER BLACK AMERICAN PERCEPTIONS OF DISCRIMINATION
Authors: Hunter Heather , Nagel Corey L , Harrison Tracie
Published: January 2025

The purpose of this study was to examine discrimination reported by middle aged and older non-Hispanic Black Americans by sex, region, type, and frequency throughout the United States. Understanding the contextual and regional influences on recent discriminatory outcomes perceived by older Black adults provides context for future intervention. Hence, we conducted an analysis of 3,761 Non-Hispanic Black adults aged 50+ who participated in the Health and Retirement Study between the years of 2008-2018, examining participants responses to the Perceived Everyday Discrimination Scale. This 6-item scale assesses the frequency of specific types of discrimination with follow up questions that query respondent attributions for experienced discrimination. A binary measure indicating discrimination several times per month or greater was created and used to calculate descriptive statistics stratified by sex and census region of residence. The majority (67%) of respondents reported an experience with one of the listed types of discrimination, with a slightly higher portion of the men (69%) reporting discrimination than the women. Of the sample 28% reported having experienced one of the types of discrimination a few times per month or greater. Highest ranked reasons for discrimination ranged from ancestry (N=200, 29%), gender (N=614, 25%), race (N=1.540, 63%), age (N=998. 41%), financial (N=725, 30%), and disability 465 (19%). Never experiencing discrimination of any type was reported by 34.1% (South), 32.5% (Northeast), 31.9% (Midwest), and 29.8% (West) of respondents by region. Middle aged and older Black Americans perceived discrimination resulting in feelings of less respect, greater fear, heightened threat, and/or poor healthcare.
NATIVITY DIFFERENCES IN OLDER MEXICAN AMERICAN HOSPITALIZATIONS: STRENGTH AND FUNCTION AS MARKERS
Authors: Ventura Juan , Snih Soham Al
Published: January 2025

Hospitalizations are a difficult occurrence for many older adults. Additionally, health differences have been noted in adults according to their country of origin. This study aims to compare nativity differences in hospitalizations using handgrip strength (HGS) and short physical performance battery (SPPB) among Mexican American older adults. This prospective cohort study included 1,324 Mexican Americans aged ≥75 years from the Hispanic Established Population for the Epidemiological Study of the Elderly. Measures included socio-demographics, body mass index, multi-morbidity (≥2 medical conditions), depressive symptoms, disability, cognitive function, and HGS–SPPB performance groups. Generalized estimating equation models were utilized to estimate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% Confidence Interval (CI) of hospitalization as a function of HGS and SPPB performance groups. Foreign-born participants in the high HGS–low SPPB (OR=0.62, 95% CI=0.40-0.97) and high HGS–high SPPB (OR=0.42, 95% CI=0.18-0.97) groups experienced significantly lower odds of hospitalizations compared to those in the lowest performing group (low HGS–low SPPB). No association was found between HGS-low SPPB (OR=0.71, 95% CI=0.50-1.00) and HGS-high SPPB (OR=0.63, 95% CI=0.36-1.11) with hospitalizations among US-born. Those with Multimorbidity and falls had greater odds of hospitalizations among both US and foreign-born. High levels of education were associated with lower odds of hospitalization among foreign-born and high depressive symptoms were associated with greater odds of hospitalizations among US-born. Overall, older Mexican Americans who performed high in HGS and high in both HHS and SPPB experienced relatively decreased odds of hospitalizations, with the effect being significant in those who were foreign-born.
EXPLORING CAREGIVING PATHS AMONG RACIALLY DIVERSE FAMILY CAREGIVERS OF OLDER ADULTS WITH DEMENTIA
Authors: Lee Jung-Ah , Kim Hyun Jung , Lee Young-Shin
Published: January 2025

Ethnic minority family caregivers who directly care for community-dwelling older adults experiencing dementia, navigate distinct paths in their caregiving journey. Our aim was to discern the unique aspects of caregiving experienced by ethnic minorities in comparison to White caregivers. The study employed a descriptive qualitative design utilizing thematic analysis. Participants were recruited from diverse California ethnic communities. Bilingual nursing students offered emotional support to home-bound caregivers through weekly calls for two months during the pandemic crisis. Twenty-three participants included 7 White, 8 Latino, 5 Korean, and 3 Vietnamese caregivers. The mean age was 60, ranging from 27 to 79 years old. Eighty-one percent of minority persons with dementia (PWD) were Medicaid beneficiaries, while none of the White PWD were low-income. Significant differences in caregiving experiences were identified across three key areas: problem-solving skills, social boundaries, and dynamics between PWD and their caregivers. White caregivers reported more active problem-solving skills, establishing social boundaries that extended beyond their immediate family members, and dedicating more time to engaging PWD in shared activities. Conversely, minority caregivers with limited English proficiency exhibited a tendency to endure problems, carefully constructed social boundaries with selective membership, and seemed to prefer solitary activities (e.g., watching TV) over actively engaging with PWD (e.g., gardening). The findings showed that low-income minority caregivers had lower problem-solving skills, limited social boundaries, and less PWD engagement at home compared to counterparts. We underscore the importance of culturally sensitive support and tailored interventions in addressing the diverse needs of caregivers across different ethnic backgrounds.
MONTH-LONG FITNESS CHALLENGES IMPROVE ENDURANCE AND STRENGTH FOR VETERANS PARTICIPATING IN GEROFIT
Authors: Rekant Julie , Giffuni Jamie , Addison Odessa
Published: January 2025

Older adults are vulnerable to loneliness and low physical activity engagement. Peer accountability can help encourage participation in exercise and foster a sense of community. Two, month-long fitness challenges were offered to older Veterans (65+ years) in Gerofit: (1) “The Long March” was a walking challenge with daily step goal targets increasing each week, (2) “Squatober” was a sit to stand challenge with daily bodyweight squat repetition goals increasing each week. Veterans were provided with cardio and strength workouts to complete in addition to the daily challenges. Thirty-one unique Veterans participated in these challenges (9 Veterans participated in both). Veterans in The Long March challenge (N=18, Age: 72.8±4.5 years, BMI: 30.2±5.9 kg/m2, 83% Male, 78% Black) participated in 88.3±28.0% of challenge days and met their step goals 50.2±36.1% of the days they participated. Veterans in The Long March challenge increased their Six Minute Walk Test distances by 28.0±48.7 meters after four weeks. Twenty-two Veterans participated in the Squatober challenge (Age: 74.3±6.3 years, BMI: 30.7±5.2 kg/m2, 81% Male, 86% Black). Sixty-three percent (N=14/22) completed every workout. Veterans participating in the Squatober challenge reported an overall rating of perceived exertion of 5.0±2.5 out of 10, decreased their Five Time Sit to Stand times by 1.3±2.3 seconds, and were able to complete an average of 2.6±4.1 more sit to stands during the 30 Second Chair Stand Test after four weeks. Older Veterans found fitness challenges engaging and showed functional improvements in just four weeks with daily movement goals.
PEER-LED DIET AND EXERCISE INTERVENTION FOR OLDER VETERANS WITH DYSMOBILITY
Authors: Friedman Ben , Serra Monica , Patel Rhianna , Dennis Elizabeth , Kilpela Lisa , Addison Odessa
Published: January 2025

Purpose

Older adults with mobility impairments have increased falls, higher hospitalization rates, and elevated healthcare costs. Veterans face higher obesity rates and poorer health outcomes. This study evaluated the adherence and preliminary efficacy of a peer-led diet and exercise intervention targeting older Veteran with dysmobility in two urban areas with a high proportion of racial and ethnic minorities.

Methods

Twelve older Veterans (78.9 ±6.4 years) from San Antonio, TX, and Baltimore, MD, participated in a 12-week peer-led intervention. The groups met twice a week for one hour and focused on behavioral modification, nutrition, and whole-body aerobic and band-resisted exercises. Baseline and post-intervention assessments included the 6 Minute Walk Test (6MWT), Timed Up and Go (TUG), grip strength,10-Meter Walk Test (10mWT), Four Square Step Test (4SST), and Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB). Descriptive statistics were computed for each outcome and paired sample t-tests assessed within-subject changes. Adherence was measured by session attendance and completion rate.

Results

Significant improvements were observed in the 10mWT (p < 0.05). While not statistically significant, most participants demonstrated improvements in the TUG (5/9), 6MWT (6/9), and 4SST (7/9). For those that improved on the SPPB (4/9), half were no longer below the cut-off score of ≤ 10. Session attendance was 60.96% (TX) and 76.47% (MD). Study completion rate was 83.33% (1 drop out per site). Implications: This pilot study supports the need for further investigation to explore the long-term effects of a peer-led diet and exercise intervention addressing multiple health domains among older Veterans.
PSYCHOLOGICAL RESILIENCE AMONG OLDER ADULTS WITH TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY: A CONCEPT ANALYSIS
Authors: Kuntajak Premgamon
Published: January 2025

Aim

To examine the concept of psychological resilience among older adults with Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI).

Background

Psychological resilience fosters adaptation after TBI, serving as a crucial indicator of recovery and success in rehabilitation. Despite being recognised for over decades, resilience remains a poorly defined concept within the realm of TBI. Thus, there is an urgent need for further exploration of psychological resilience within TBI to enhance the understanding and clarify the meaning of psychological resilience and its significance to older adults with TBI.

Method

Walker and Avant’s modified method of concept analysis was used to guide this analysis. Literature from multiple scholarly databases was identified keywords: “Resilience,” “Psychological Adaptation,” “Hardiness,” and “Psychological Well-Being,” which were imputed using established inclusion criteria: full text, peer-reviewed, and printed in English from 2013-2023. Eligible articles were examined to determine the context of resilience and to comprehend and analyse its attributes, antecedents, and consequences. Outcomes: Antecedents of psychological resilience include exposure to adverse events and a social support system. Two principal attributes consisted of personal traits and the adaptation process. Psychological resilience facilitates improved physiological and psychological health outcomes, enhances recovery, and decreases complications among older adults with TBI.

Conclusion

Research in TBI is transitioning from a deficit-oriented perspective to a strengths-based approach. A firm knowledge of psychological resilience from this analysis offers valuable insights that can guide nursing interventions, inform the application of theory, influence policymaking, and drive research possibilities aimed at improving health outcomes for older adults with TBI and their families.
GENDER DIFFERENCES IN YEARS OF GOOD LIFE AMONG OLDER ADULTS IN INDIAN SUBNATIONAL LEVEL POPULATION
Authors: Chakraborty Ruchira
Published: January 2025

The study investigates the heterogeneities in healthy life among older-adults in India, using a novel concept of counting ‘expected years of good life’. Grounded in Amartya Sen’s ‘capable longevity’ approach, the index of YoGL (Years of Good Life) is an amalgamation of objective and subjective dimensions of health. A year is counted as ‘good’ if a person is simultaneously out of poverty, free from severe activity limitations and cognitive impairments, and experiences positive life satisfaction. After attaining a certain age, remaining good life years within life expectancy are computed by employing Sullivan’s method using Longitudinal Ageing study in India,2017-18 (LASI wave-I) dataset. The results show, at age 50, YoGL for male is 13.9 years (55.6% of remaining life expectancy) and for females, 11.3 years (41.7% of remaining life expectancy). Supporting the ‘gender-health-mortality paradox’, results reveal that women’s advantage in life expectancy doesn’t translate into equal advantage in ‘good-years’ for all older age-groups. Inter-state variability is higher in terms of YoGL, than in life expectancy; from 64% years counts as ‘good life’ in Punjab to 34% of remaining years as ‘good life’ in Odisha. Regression decomposition indicates functional limitations contributes 32%, cognitive impairment 20% and birth-cohorts contributes around 18% in explaining the regional heterogeneity.
HOW FRONTLINE STAFF PERCEIVE AND REDUCE GAPS IN KNOWLEDGE AND PRACTICE IN LOCALLY INITIATED QUALITY IMPROVEMENT
Authors: Kramer B Josea , Douglas Joseph
Published: January 2025

We evaluated local quality improvement projects that were conducted as part of continuing professional development (CPD) for disciplines that support primary care in Veterans Health Affairs (VA) clinics and medical centers with the goal of understanding how the workforce perceives areas for improvement. The VA Geriatric Scholars Program (GSP) provides core training in its longitudinal CPD through intensive didactic courses in geriatrics, interactive workshop in quality improvement (QI) and coaching to implement a local QI project. Unlike most CPD that includes a QI component in focused training on a specific new clinical intervention, participants in GSP had wide latitude to determine the change to be implemented to enhance healthcare for older Veterans. Using a qualitative approach and applying thematic analysis, we analyzed 740 QI projects at 468 VA facilities undertaken by 809 GSP participants. Clinician-initiated projects indicated the workforce perception of gaps in primary care knowledge and prior training of its interdisciplinary workforce to provide care for older adults in the choice of clinically oriented projects, such as reducing potentially inappropriate medications or instituting fall prevention activities. Other projects focused on enhancing processes within the healthcare system, such as timely lab reports or referral protocols. Our results indicate that educational needs assessments can be conducted at the interprofessional team level, identifying the needs for CPD that are perceived as relevant by the workforce.
VETERAN- AND CAREGIVER-REPORTED FACTORS IMPACTING VETERAN-DIRECTED CARE (VDC) PROGRAM ENROLLMENT AND EXPANSION
Authors: Hathaway Wendy , Tyagi Pranjal , Bouldin Erin , Nasr Samer , Dang Stuti
Published: January 2025

The Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) is increasing access to Home- and Community-Based Services (HCBS) as an alternative to long-term institutional care (LTIC). Veteran Directed Care (VDC) is a self-directed HCBS program that empowers veterans at risk of LTIC to hire their own care providers. The VA is increasing VDC access by expanding the program to all VA medical centers (VAMCs) nationally. As part of a multi-aim and mixed-method evaluation project examining barriers and facilitators to expanding VDC, qualitative semi-structured interviews were conducted across seven VAMCs in Florida, South Georgia, and Puerto Rico with two groups of veterans who were referred to VDC: those that enrolled in the program (n=2) and those that declined (n=2). We also interviewed family caregivers of veterans in both groups (n=2 each). Interviews were conducted via Microsoft Teams from January-March 2024 and recorded with auto-transcription. Data were analyzed using rapid qualitative analysis techniques. Enrolled veterans and their caregivers pointed to several facilitators including the ease of enrollment; user-friendly management tools; compensation for care; role recognition; the ability to choose their caregiver and schedule; the reliability and trustworthiness of self-selected care providers; and relationships formed. Those who declined to enroll identified several barriers such as the program complexity; burdensome employee management tasks; fear of losing eligibility for other programs and services; and feeling the compensation was inadequate. Interviews are still ongoing. Understanding the veteran and caregiver perspectives on enrollment will inform strategies and mechanisms to support VA’s goal of increasing VDC access and veteran participation.
EXAMINING SELF-REPORTED SLEEP QUALITY WITH COGNITIVE PERFORMANCE IN OLDER HISPANIC ADULTS: THE COMPADRE STUDY
Authors: Young Vanessa , Gaona Carlos , Serrano-Rubio Luis , Wang Chen-Pin , Kautz Tiffany , Kaye Jeffrey , Beattie Zachary , Gonzales Mitzi
Published: January 2025

Poor sleep quality has been associated with worse cognition performance. As sleep quality is multidimensional, examining separate factors captured by the PROMIS™ Sleep Disturbance 8b scale, insomnia, and sleep dissatisfaction, may provide greater insight into aspects most pertinent to cognitive health. Herein, we evaluated the associations between self-reported sleep quality, dissatisfaction, and insomnia with cognition in older Hispanic adults and examined whether self-reported physical activity modifies these associations. Participants completed self-report measures of sleep quality (PROMIS-Sleep Disturbance 8b) and physical activity (Rapid Assessment of Physical Activity). The National Alzheimer’s Coordinating Center UDSv3 measured cognitive abilities. Associations between self-reported sleep with cognition were examined using linear regression models adjusted for age, sex, and education. Interactions with physical activity were evaluated. A total of 85 participants were included (mean age 69.9[SD 4.8] years; 72% Female; 100% Hispanic). Self-reported sleep quality, dissatisfaction and insomnia were not significantly associated with any cognitive outcomes (p>0.05) and there were no significant interactions with physical activity (p>0.05). Although self-reported sleep quality measures were not associated with cognitive performance in this exclusively Hispanic cohort, previous research using objective sleep measures has shown a connection. This highlights the need for objective assessments that capture various aspects of sleep, such as architecture, microarousals, and sleep-disordered breathing. Digital biomarkers of sleep and physical activity, currently underway in the COMPADRE study, may increase precision into their impact on cognitive health in this at-risk, underrepresented, population; reduce cultural bias in measurement and outcomes; and facilitate targeted interventions to promote healthy aging.
PARENTHOOD AND SLEEP IN A POPULATION-BASED SAMPLE OF OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Duckett Jacquelyn , Sneed Rodlescia
Published: January 2025

Numerous studies have examined the association between parenthood and health-related outcomes in young and middle-aged adults; however, there has been less inquiry into how parenthood is associated with health-related outcomes among adults aged >50. Further, few studies have explored how various aspects of the parenthood experience (e.g., number of children, geographic proximity, frequency/nature of contact, relationship quality) are differentially associated with health-related outcomes. The current study aimed to evaluate associations between parenthood and sleep, a critical factor in maintaining health among adults aged >50. We addressed our research questions via secondary analysis of data from the 2016 and recent waves of the Health and Retirement Study, a nationally representative population-based study of community-dwelling U.S. adults aged >50 (n= 4,201). Both parenthood measures and sleep outcomes were measured via self-report. We used multiple linear regression to investigate how various aspects of parenthood were differentially related to sleep outcomes, controlling for demographic characteristics, chronic health conditions, and baseline sleep scores. We observed that more positive interactions and fewer negative interactions with children were associated with better sleep. None of our other parenthood measures were associated with sleep outcomes. Our findings suggest that interaction quality, but not other aspects of the parent-child relationship, is important for the sleep hygiene of older adults.
POTENTIALLY PREVENTABLE HOSPITALIZATIONS IN A CONNECTICUT MEDICAID HOME AND COMMUNITY-BASED SERVICES POPULATION
Authors: Dillon Ellis , Fortinsky Richard , Barry Lisa , Lee Chae Man , Porter Martha , Migneault Deborah , Robison Julie
Published: January 2025

State Medicaid programs address the needs of older adults, and people with disabilities or chronic illnesses through a range of home and community-based services (HCBS) and aim to prevent adverse health outcomes. This study determines rates of potentially preventable hospitalizations (PPH) for Connecticut residents receiving Medicaid-funded HCBS and compares rates across HCBS programs using a CMS Home Health quality measure. This retrospective cohort analysis linked Medicaid and Medicare fee-for-service claims, Medicaid administrative data, and uniform clinical and functional assessment data for 33,688 Connecticut residents. PPH rates between 4/1/2022-9/30/2022 were compared across six HCBS programs via logistic regressions adjusted for the 8-point InterRAI Risk of Hospital Use Scale (Hosp-RiskHC) score. Rates of PPHs ranged from 0.8% (Autism Waiver) to 15.7% (Personal Care Attendant Waiver, PCA). Individuals with PPHs represented over half (55.6%) of all hospitalized individuals. PCA participants were more likely (OR=1.3, 95% CI:1.13-1.58) and Acquired Brain Injury Waiver participants were less likely (OR=0.7, 95% CI:0.48-0.93) to have a PPH compared to Elder Waiver recipients. Likelihood of experiencing a PPH increased with each successive Hosp-RiskHC score (OR=1.2, 95% CI:1.16-1.22). Controlling for risk factors, rates of PPH varied across HCBS programs, potentially due to the nature of their disabilities, differing services provided by each program, or a combination of individual and structural factors. Identifying variations in PPH rates is a critical step toward building a Value-Based Payment (VBP) program for HCBS providers, who have historically been excluded from VBP opportunities, and identifying systemic gaps and opportunities for coordinated interventions across healthcare providers.
LIFE SATISFACTION AMONG BLACK AND WHITE AMERICANS: FINDINGS FROM THE 2020 HEALTH AND RETIREMENT STUDY
Authors: Ward Chesney
Published: January 2025

The U.S. population is living longer, yet data are limited regarding life satisfaction among older adults. Understanding this construct for older adults is essential given the greater longevity and notable risks of reduced satisfaction as one ages. The purpose of this study was to examine racial differences between middle-aged and older White and Black Americans on life satisfaction and explore the correlation of religious beliefs and perceived control over one’s life and health with self-reported life satisfaction. The study presents results utilizing data from the 2020 Health and Retirement Study, a nationally representative sample. The sample (N=1163) was a comparative analysis of Black and White respondents. Findings indicated factors that contribute to overall life satisfaction, differences in race, and gender differences. Black respondents when compared to White respondents reported lower overall life satisfaction but higher religious beliefs. The current study helps to fill this gap by examining the relationship between psychosocial and demographic factors and life satisfaction among the sample. By drawing on the literature and the study data, implications on the impact of religious belief on overall life satisfaction are discussed. This study proposes ways in which researchers, practitioners, and policy advocates can improve life satisfaction for Black and African American populations in the United States by employing a religious aspect.
A KNOWLEDGE GRAPH–BASED DEMENTIA CARE INTELLIGENT RECOMMENDER SYSTEM FOR MANAGING DEMENTIA CARE
Authors: Sun Yue , Wang Zhi-wen
Published: January 2025

Background

Caring for people with dementia is perceived as one of the most challenging caring roles, so effective and practical support is essential. One such innovative approach to internet-based tailored health intervention is the use of recommender system. Objective: This study develops a mobile-based dementia care intelligent recommender system (DCIRS) that can provide personalized and timely care interventions recommendations for caregivers when they encounter difficult various care problems.

Methods

A knowledge graph was constructed using the 1023 personalized care plan set for dementia patients as the source material. The graph embedding method was used to introduce the constructed domain knowledge graph of dementia care into the recommender model. The graph embedding module learned the features of the knowledge graph through the TransR translation model, and the recommender module interacts with the learned features of the graph and the recommended items to realize personalized recommendation of care plans with the help of the above recommender algorithm.

Results

The core function of the DCIRS was to recommend personalized care plans according to the personalized characteristics of people with dementia, such as gender, disease severity, hobbies, walking ability, and care problems. Conclusions: This study was a pioneering research to develop a comprehensive recommender system for caregivers of people with dementia. According to the evaluation results, our DCIRS showing high specificity and accuracy. This system can provide a novel perspective for patient-centered and needs-based support of caregivers of people with dementia.
ASSOCIATIONS OF PREVENTION FOCUS TRAITS WITH SEDENTARY BEHAVIOR IN COMMUNITY-DWELLING OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Suarez Jethro Raphael , Blount Amber , Park Joon-Hyuk , Thiamwong Ladda
Published: January 2025

Sedentary behavior is prevalent among older adults and can increase the risk of developing health conditions, such as muscle atrophy and heart disease. Beyond physical factors, it is important to determine mental factors that could be associated with excessive sedentary behavior. The Regulatory Focus Questionnaire (RFQ) is an 11-item instrument that allows an individual to self-report the frequency of occurrences of specific events in their life. The RFQ yields 2 separate scores: a promotion focus score and prevention focus score. A higher promotion focus score describes an individual who is goal-motivated, open to change, and willing to take risks. A higher prevention focus score describes an individual who is motivated by avoiding losses, more cautious, prefers constant routine, detail-oriented, and avoids risks. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 94 community-dwelling older adults aged 61 to 89 years (84 women, 10 men; mean age = 74.87 ± 6.76 years) to determine the relationship between total measured sedentary behavior and promotion and prevention focus, respectively. Sedentary behavior was objectively measured for each participant using the ActiGraph GT9X Link wireless activity monitor over 7 consecutive days. Kendall’s Tau test revealed that sedentary behavior had a significant positive correlation with prevention focus scores (p = 0.00819, τ = 0.194), but not with the promotion focus scores (p = 0.647, τ = -0.0335). These findings suggest that certain personality traits, such as being loss-avoidant, detail-oriented and less accepting of change, can be associated with older adults that engage in increased sedentary behavior.
INFORMATIVE, DULL, INCOMPREHENSIBLE: SEEKING A COMMON VOCABULARY AROUND DATA IN LATER LIFE
Authors: Dalmer Nicole , Biruk Cal
Published: January 2025

With the domestication of digital devices into the everyday, this paper offers critical reflections from two, related studies that both sought to explore how older Canadians communicate their experiences and understandings about the digital technologies and related data they encounter and use. The first study, a virtual, qualitative survey with 70 older Canadians highlighted their understandings of data, and the second, a pilot interview study with 7 older adults in their homes explored how and where data circulates in their everyday lives. Not only do our daily activities and routines rely on data, our routines are often, in turn, converted into data through our many devices (Burgess et al., 2022). Living with data, however, is an experience that differs from person to person and from group to group. Given these differences, how might we communicate about data with different groups? In both studies, we sought to explore and document participants’ own diction, images, metaphors, and concepts they articulate when thinking with and about their own data; giving them a space to speak and share “their own data stories louder than those that are being told about them by others” or by other devices (Thorp, 2021, p. 19). In this paper, we offer our observations on the challenges and difficulties (and potential ways forward) in finding a common vocabulary in research relationships between participants and researchers to speak about data and to the many ways that data circulate in and around older adults’ everyday lives.
THE IMPACT OF IMMERSIVE VIRTUAL REALITY MEDITATION ON MENTAL HEALTH OF PEOPLE LIVING WITH DEMENTIA
Authors: Kim Yongseop , Lee Jungjoo , Kim Dylan , Kim Junhyoung
Published: January 2025

Non-immersive, technology-based mindfulness meditation programs have been shown to effectively reduce depressive symptoms and improve the emotional health of older adults. Still, little research has been conducted to assess the mental health benefits of an immersive virtual reality meditation (IVRM) program among persons living with dementia (PLWD). The present study investigates the impact of the IVRM on depression, emotional health, and quality of life among PLWD. This study is based on a single-arm design. PLWD (n=8) received six sessions (three times a week for 2 weeks) of an IVRM program lasting 30-40 minutes each. The IVRM program is used as an individualized, customized meditation tool that provides more than 300 audio tracks, meditation process monitoring, and a selection of meditation environments. The findings indicated significant changes between pre and post interventions, showing a decrease in depression (M = 2.25, SD = 2.12; t(7) = 3.0, p <.05, d = 1.06) and an increase in emotional health (M = -3.87, SD = 4.05; t(7) = -2.71, p <.05, d = -0.95). However, a significant difference was not found in quality of life. This study provides suggestive evidence that the IVRM program led to the improvement in emotional health and a reduction in depression among PLWD. Healthcare professionals need to become more aware of the impact of the use of individualized VR-based meditation programs and learn how they might be integrated into their services to improve the emotional health and well-being of their clients.
VESTA: A GROUNDBREAKING TOOL FOR ENHANCING FINANCIAL LITERACY AND SCAM RESILIENCE AMONG OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Barnett Michael , Van Vleet Samuel , Griffin Rebekah , Fontanese Matthew , Mallender William , Boynton Harrison , Coldiron Allyson
Published: January 2025

VESTA (Virtual Economic Simulation and Trust Assessment) is a groundbreaking assessment tool designed to address the escalating challenges faced by older adults in the realm of modern financial capacity and digital literacy. VESTA replicates real-world scenarios in a smartphone setting to assess older adults’ ability to safely navigate virtual financial transactions, detect financial scams, and share information securely. This preliminary study explores older adults’ (N = 20) initial reactions and 5-point ratings of VESTA. Results indicate that older adults positively rated VESTA as applicable to real life (M = 3.70, SD = 0.92) with realistic representations of messaging, mobile banking, and a smartphone layout – demonstrating the effectiveness of VESTA in simulating real-world scenarios. Older adults agreed that the application provides a good assessment of users’ risk for financial scams (M = 4.05, SD = 0.76), as well as their money management, ability with banking technology, trust judgment, and ability to share information safely. Additionally, older adults viewed VESTA as easy to use, easy to interact with, easy to understand, and an enjoyable gameplay experience, reaffirming its applicability across diverse older adult populations. Older adults positively rated VESTA as useful for everyday life by gathering useful information, testing abilities with financial technology, and educating people on their risk for financial scams (M = 4.70, SD = 0.57). In the modern financial landscape dominated by new technologies, VESTA enhances financial literacy and detects scam susceptibility among older adults, offering tangible benefits for their financial well-being in the modern financial technology landscape.
DESIGN ELEMENTS OF EDUCATIONAL TOYS FOR PATIENTS WITH MILD ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE: A QUALITATIVE STUDY
Authors: Jia HongFei , Ding YaPing , Zhu Ling
Published: January 2025

Background

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a fatal chronic neurodegenerative disease, and its incidence and mortality rate are closely related to age. Once diagnosed, patients need to take long-term medication, which seriously affects the quality of life of those who are ill. Research has demonstrated that the educational toy is an effective intervention to improve cognitive function among patients with mild Alzheimer’s disease. Despite the rapid growth in developing educational toys, incorporation of stakeholders’ views has been limited. Objective: This project aimed to identify the design elements that should be considered during development of educational toys for patients, from the perspectives of patients with mild Alzheimer’s disease and their caregivers.

Materials and Methods

A total of 10 patients with mild Alzheimer’s disease and 12 caregivers were selected. Participants were recruited using purposive sampling. Semi-structured interviews were conducted between August and November 2023. The content analysis method was used to summarize the interview data and refine the themes.

Results

Main themes that emerged from the data analysis included the following: (1) materials; (2) structure; (3) function; (4) color; (5) shape.

Conclusion

Collecting patients’ and caregivers’ perspectives through qualitative interviews, the developed puzzle toy can serve as a user-friendly and engaging tool to potentially complement traditional interventions in slowing cognitive deterioration in patients with mild Alzheimer’s disease. These design elements can also be considered by developers and researchers when developing and evaluating educational toys for people with mild Alzheimer’s disease.
CHARACTERIZING PROTEIN STRUCTURES IN BETA-AMYLOID TREATED NEURONS WITH LIMITED PROTEOLYSIS-MASS SPECTROMETRY
Authors: Anderson-Steward Kuren , Hao Ying , Guha Deyaan , Li Ziyi , Jin Benjamin , Singleton Andrew , Qi Andy
Published: January 2025

Limited Proteolysis by Mass Spectrometry (LiP-MS) is a technique used to observe the structural changes of proteins on a proteome-wide scale. Limited proteolysis consists of a specific, or limited, number of proteases performing hydrolyzation on a large portion of proteins. This causes the protease to detect the weak portion of the hydrolyzed protein and cut it out. The technique of limited proteolysis coupled mass spectrometry aims to alleviate the limitations of classic proteomic analysis, such as being unable to detect protein structural alterations on a wide scale and at high throughput. In this experiment, we used iPSC-derived neurons treated with beta-amyloid and performed classic proteomics and LiP-MS in parallel to observe the proteome scale of structural changes caused by beta-amyloid. Through experimentation, it was found that the control group consisted of 180 protein profiles that the beta-amyloid treated group did not possess using the limited proteolysis-mass spectrometry technique. Additionally, various cleavage sites by proteinase K in the beta-amyloid treated neurons compared to the control neurons, as well as multiple molecular pathways, such as neuron projection cytoplasm, were identified.
CROSSTALK BETWEEN HYALURONAN AND ITS REGULATORS AFFECTS AGING
Authors: Basu Kaustuv , Heldin Paraskevi
Published: January 2025

The regulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) turnover is crucial in aging. Hyaluronan (HA) is a large, viscoelastic polysaccharide and a major component of ECM. It lubricates and organizes tissue structure in different body parts (e.g. skin) and orchestrates multiple cellular functions through its receptors CD44 and RHAMM and binding proteins. HA is synthesized by HA synthase (HAS). The synthesis of HA in the longest-lived rodent naked mole rat (NMR) and the extended lifespan of a transgenic mouse overexpressing the NMR-HAS2 gene illustrates the importance of HA in longevity. HA level is significantly modulated with increasing age. Thus, understanding the complex crosstalk between HA and its regulators is crucial to regulating aging. Here, we revealed a vital connection between the function of p53 and its paralogue p63 and HA biosynthesis and CD44 signaling. Previously, it was reported that p53 suppressed the expressions of CD44 and RHAMM. We identified that CD44 interacted with the apoptosis-stimulating protein of p53 (iASPP) and affected p53-mediated apoptosis. We also revealed that the mutant p53 suppressed HAS2 and -3 mRNA expression. The mutation status of endogenous p53 and the balance between p53 and p63 levels affected HAS2 and HAS3 expression differently after TGF-β1 stimulation. We noticed that the activation of p63 and Ras was essential for regulating HAS and CD44 without TGF-β1 stimulation. We observed the importance of the HA receptor in regulating aging and aging-related disease. Our study unveiled the significance of the interplay between HA and its regulators, vital in understanding the complex aging process.
DEVELOPMENT OF SCAFFOLD FOR A ISCHEMIC STROKE MICROFLUIDIC CHIP PLATFORM
Authors: Agbomi Lidadi , Nathaniel Thomas , Goodwin Richard , Gao Bruce
Published: January 2025

Age-related brain diseases are rising, with strokes, especially ischemic strokes (IS), being a leading cause of death. Accurate modeling of IS is crucial for diagnosis, but animal models have limitations. When creating a new, human, cell-based microfluidic chip platform for modeling IS, a suitable 3D scaffold for cell growth is essential. For this, we chose to generate a 3D scaffold using a hydrogel platform that contains microchannels that will model the cerebral vasculature. 3D Agarose hydrogels were fabricated for testing. Hydrogels of 0.5%, 1%, and 2% agarose were polymerized according to the manufacturer’s protocol. Hydrogels were placed in a 60mm Petri dish. Testing was done on each hydrogel to determine the best agarose concentration after frozen for 10, 15, and 20 hours, then lyophilized for 8 hours. This method helped make the hydrogel more porous. The carbohydrate glass was fabricated by combining 53g of sucrose, 25g of glucose, 10g of Dextran, and 50 ml of Reverse Osmosis water and heated to 165°C. This solution was then poured into a heated 50mL glass syringe to be extruded into the hydrogel later. The 2% agarose hydrogel yielded the best results after lyophilization with the agarose maintaining some of its gel-like characteristics, while being more porous to help with fluid flow later. Preliminary tests were successful. Further tests will determine the best method for extruding carbohydrate glass into the hydrogel. Once it is extruded, the scaffold will be integrated into a microfluidic chip platform, and flow experiments will be initiated.
FEASIBILITY OF RECRUITING PEOPLE WITH MILD COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT IN THE CONTEXT OF HEART FAILURE
Authors: Jung Miyeon , Pressler Susan , Hammers Dustin , Apostolova Liana
Published: January 2025

Recruiting people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) with another chronic condition such as heart failure (HF) can be arduous. Our investigative group will discuss the challenges encountered while recruiting older adults with both MCI and HF using data from a pilot study testing the efficacy of cognitive interventions to improve cognitive function and the strategies to overcome them. Initially, eligibility criteria included age ≥65 years, HF confirmed by echocardiography, and MCI defined using a 2-step process: (1) Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) ≤23; and (2) diagnostic consensus of MCI based on the presence of cognitive impairment in the absence of functional decline. Enrollment began on 4/3/2023 by screening Cardiology and Neurology clinics patients. Only 12 participants were enrolled over the next 7 months (rate=1.5 participants/month) due to high screen failure rates (59%) owing to MoCA performances above the eligibility threshold and low recruitment rate (5%). To meet recruitment goals (8 participants/month), eligibility criteria were modified by lowering the age cutoff from 65 to 55 years and removing the MoCA screen and the MCI requirements, while adding the requirement of subjective cognitive concern allowing both those with normal cognition and MCI but not dementia. Phone recruitment was added by screening electronic health records of people who diagnosed with HF. 7 months after implementing the modifications, additional 58 participants were consented exceeding our recruitment goals (69% of those consented=MCI, 26%=normal cognition, 5%=dementia/excluded from the study). In conclusion, feasibility of our original strategies recruiting older adults with both MCI and HF was not supported.