bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of motor relearning program on balance and upright mobility in sub-acute stroke patients: A randomized control trial
Authors: Naz Afsheen , Batool Sana , Ahmad Ashfaq , Siddique Kashif
Published: April 2022

To determine the effectiveness of the motor relearning program along with routine physical therapy versus routine physical therapy alone on balance and upright mobility in sub-acute stroke patients. Methods: Patients who satisfied inclusion criteria were chosen and randomly allotted into experimental and control group, 34 patients in each. After baseline assessment first follow-up was recorded at fourth week. Patients were guided for home plan for further one month. Second follow-up data was taken at eight week. Experimental group were given motor relearning training along with routine physiotherapy in sit to stand component by putting effected foot behind the sound one, forward movement of knees on chair and trunk in flexion. Gait training, balance training, stretching exercises and strengthening exercises were given to control group. The berg balance scale and time up and go test were used to measure the outcomes. Results: Statistically significant post-treatment p-value<0.05 was shown by both groups in all items of the BBS and time up and go test while doing the intragroup analysis after 8 weeks of intervention. Statistically significant results (P-value=0.000) was shown at 2nd follow up by the BBS score and TUG measure in intergroup analysis. Conclusion: Motor relearning program is demonstrated to have more measurably noteworthy and clinically compelling intervention while comparing to routine physiotherapy alone.

Clinical trial registration number: IRCT20200218046539N1.
Relation of Hysterectomy with Urinary Incontinence
Authors: Seeman Saba , Nisar Mehwish , Khan Muhammad Waqas , Azam Humaira , Qadir Zaheer , Tariq Maria , Mustafa Muhammad , Mustafa Muhammad , Karim Suhail
Published: April 2022

Urinary incontinence is defined by international continence society as “a condition in which involuntary loss of urine is objectively demonstrable and is a social hygiene problem “It refers to the involuntary leakage of urine can be associated with a systemic complication. Its prevalence is higher in women than in men thought it can affect men and women equally. It has the high prevalence due to its impact on the quality of life. The presence of urinary incontinence can be associated with anger; embarrassment related to any clinical condition, with loss of self-esteem and decrease motivation and decrease social, physical quality of life. Moment plausibility is that the bladder is presently overactive because of the surgery or changes in the pelvic floor musculature related with hysterectomy. Urge incontinence causes spillage of urine all of a sudden, related with critical ness and the powerlessness to smother such inclinations. Objective: Aim of this study is to determine urinary incontinence in women with hysterectomy. To assess the impact of urinary incontinence on quality of life of women undergone hysterectomy. Background: Furthermore, this study highlighted the presence of pain, discomfort, alteration of Quality of life and functional limitation due to incontinence of urine associated after Hysterectomy. An observational survey from different hospitals of Rawalpindi and Islamabad was conducted to collect relevant information. Methods: Standard questionnaire tools (UDI-6) and (KHQ) was used to collect data from 100 women using convenient random sampling technique in different hospitals of Rawalpindi and Islamabad. Results: The result revealed that urinary incontinence in women with hysterectomies strongly associated with altered quality of life causing loss of self-esteem leading to an impairment. Conclusion: This study concluded urinary incontinence associated with hysterectomy had pronounced effects on quality of life of women causing physical, social and psychological role limitations and participation restriction.
Manajemen Keuangan Sekolah Dalam Pemenuhan Sarana Prasarana Pendidikan di Bekasi
Authors: Adriana Hanny Bella Sukma  , Alifia Maharani Nasution
Published: April 2022

This study aims to analyze the financial management of schools in the fulfillment of educational facilities at SDN Wanasari 01, Cibitung, Bekasi. This research uses a qualitative case study approach. The data collection technique is done by using interviews, observation, and documentation. The data analysis technique uses data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing/verification. Checking the validity of the data is done through; credibility, transferability, dependability, and confirmability. The results showed that school financial management in fulfilling educational facilities at SDN Wanasari 01 Cibitung Bekasi was carried out through school budget planning, school financial accounting, and school financial accountability.
Regenerative nutrition and gut microbiota signaling in skeletal muscle metabolism: a concise systematic review
Authors: Rocha Michelle Silva , Aquino Lorenna Lemos de , Oliveira Clarice Paiva de , Salviano Juliana Leite , Patrício Lucas Ramos , Santos Thiago Rodrigues dos , Lopes Vinícius Bezerra , Dias Weyller Camargo , Rodrigues Ágda Tamires da Silva , Zotarelli-Filho Idiberto José
Published: April 2022

Introduction: Recent progress has been made to gut microbiota, regenerative nutrition and skeletal muscle metabolism. In this context, regular physical training associated with nutrological health has broad benefits for the health of the intestinal microbiota. The triad physical exercise, nutrition and intestinal microbiota for the process of muscle regeneration, adult stem cells stand out as gut stem cells. Objective: the present study aimed to carry out a systematic review on the main cellular and molecular aspects of regenerative nutrition in the modulation of the intestinal microbiota and the metabolism of skeletal muscle. Methods: The rules of the Systematic Review-PRISMA Platform. The research was carried out from June 2021 to January 2022 and developed based on Scopus, PubMed, Science Direct, Scielo, and Google Scholar. The quality of the studies was based on the GRADE instrument and the risk of bias was analyzed according to the Cochrane instrument. Results and Conclusion: A total of 215 studies were analyzed, with only 32 medium and high-quality studies selected, according to the rules of the GRADE, and with bias risks that do not compromise scientific development, based on the Cochrane instrument. A current focus in the field of sport and metabolism is the investigation of how specific metabolites and nutrients affect the progression and treatment of muscle injuries. Nutrients can also regulate normal homeostatic processes, altering the decisions of muscle stem cells and satellites. Thus, the implications for understanding how diet influences cellular transitions are immense and will guide precision-based nutrition to improve overall health and therapeutic strategies for muscle injuries. Thus, metabolic pathways and chromatin modifications are closely linked, and hence many changes in metabolism influence epigenetic changes and alter gene expression. For example, signaling pathways including mTORC, AMPK, MAPK, and others are all sensitive to changes in nutrient levels.
Ortho-surgical treatment in Class II skeletal patients with mandibular retrognathism: a concise systematic review
Authors: Schaffry López Stefanie Michelle , Muñoz Falconi Marco Vinicio , Sant’ana Eduardo , Moura Neto Gastão , Moura Renata Furquim
Published: April 2022

Introduction: In the setting of class II malocclusion corrections, the union of orthodontic and surgical procedures was developed. Bilateral sagittal split osteotomy is standard protocol for correcting mandibular retrognathism. Class II dental malocclusion with deep bite needs to be treated early by orthodontics. Thus, the commonly used technique combines BSSO for mandibular advancement and recoil genioplasty to correct the resulting chin protrusion. Objective: To carry out a systematic review of the main considerations of ortho-surgical treatments in class II patients with mandibular retrognathism. Methods: Experimental and clinical studies (case reports, retrospective, prospective and randomized) with qualitative and/or quantitative analysis were included, following the rules of the systematic review-PRISMA. Results and Conclusion: A total of 128 articles was found involving class II malocclusion and ortho-surgical treatments. After, a total of 64 articles were fully evaluated and 24 were included and discussed in this study. A meta-analysis study evaluated the best functional appliance improving mandibular length in individuals with retrognathism. Sander Bite Jumping reported the greatest increase in mandibular length, with 3.40 mm. Another meta-analysis study compared dental, skeletal, and aesthetic outcomes between orthodontic camouflage and orthodontic-surgical treatment in patients with Class II skeletal malocclusion and retrognathic mandible with anterior growth. The difference between treatments was not statistically significant regarding SNA angle, linear measure of the lower lip to the Ricketts aesthetic line, convexity of the skeletal profile or soft tissue profile excluding the nose. In contrast, orthodontic-surgical treatment was more effective to the ANB, SNB and ML/NSL angles and the soft tissue profile including the nose.
Main approaches to malocclusions and orthognathic surgery in facial aesthetic: an integrative review
Authors: Borja Vicente Maritza Lizette , Pinos Luis , Trindade Paulo , Pansieri José Carlos , Moura Neto Gastão , Moura Renata Furquim
Published: April 2022

Introduction: In the scenario of orthodontic corrections, orthognathic surgery makes it possible to restore the functional and aesthetic patterns of the face, and non-surgical or minimally invasive procedures have optimized the results of ortho-surgical facial treatments. Objective: the present study aimed to perform a systematic review of the main information about orthognathic surgery in malocclusions, as well as to present the aesthetic importance. Methods: Clinical studies with qualitative and/or quantitative analysis were included, following the rules of the systematic review-PRISMA. Results and Conclusion: A total of 107 articles were found involving "malocclusions and orthognathic surgery". A total of 47 articles were evaluated in full, and 33 were included and discussed in this study. Aesthetic/functional rehabilitation is necessary until the eruption of permanent successor teeth occurs. A practical option to obtain this rehabilitation is through the installation of aesthetic or functional space maintainers. These are orthodontic devices that replace one or more deciduous teeth and are used to preserve the space destined for the permanent tooth successor, preventing it from suffering deviations during its eruption. The facial typology seeks to redefine the relationships between deleterious habits and malocclusions, through the valuation of individual morphological characteristics, which will lead to craniofacial growth and development to assume certain facial types. Therefore, due to the aging of the stomatognathic apparatus the orofacial functions can be modified, such as malocclusion, therefore for greater effectiveness and longevity of the final result of the orthodontic treatment, the indefinite use of fixed inferior containment should be established and accompanied by the professional.
Neither here, nor there, but all good: my personal journey with respect to Equality, Diversity and Inclusion
Authors: Bhasin N
Published: April 2022

I am delighted to have been asked to write an editorial about Equality, Diversity and Inclusion (EDI). It speaks to me that attitudes are hopefully changing, with individuals and organisations making this a core priority. Across the globe we have seen high profile examples of racism, inequality and privilege. This is not right, and there is no reason my melanocytes should determine my treatment or how I am perceived. The same is true of any protected characteristic.
Improvement of Small and Medium Businesses Through the Utilization of Good Human Resources Management
Authors: Nugraha Alifian , Sari Avid Leonardo , Irwandi
Published: April 2022

The importance of national development to improve the quality of people’s lives is quite essential because the welfare of its people indeed measures the development of a country. One of the steps to improve this welfare is to improve the quality of SMEs. Enhancing SMEs’ quality can be implemented by utilizing good human resource management. This study aims to see how the state operates human resource management to be able to increase SMEs owned by the community. This research will be carried out using various data obtained from the results of the study and previous studies that are still related to this research. This study found that weak human resource management often causes SMEs to be afraid to use new technologies, so their development is relatively slow. With the government’s intervention in improving the management of existing human resources, it is hoped that SMEs in Indonesia can develop quite quickly.
BİTCOIN İŞLEM HACİMLERİ İLE TÜRK BANKACILIK SEKTÖRÜNDEKİ MEVDUAT HACMİ ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİ: 2017:01 – 2021:12
Authors: KAYMAK Ozan , BEYBUR Mustafa
Published: April 2022

2008 yılında Bitcoin icat edilmiş ve kısa zaman içinde çok sayıda yatırımcının ilgisini çekmeyi başarmıştır. Zaman ilerledikçe Bitcoin dışında başka kripto paralar işlem görmeye başlamışlardır. 2012 yılından günümüze kadar kripto paralarla gerçekleşen işlem hacimleri önemli boyutlara gelmiş durumdadır. Tüm dünyada olduğu gibi ülkemizde de kripto paralar yatırımcıların ilgisini çeken varlıklar olarak görülmektedir. Bu çalışmada Bitcoin İşlem hacimleri ile Türk bankacılık sektöründeki mevduatlar arasında uzun dönemli bir ilişkinin olup olmadığı Engle-Granger eşbütünleşme testi kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Yapılan analiz sonucunda, Bitcoin işlem hacimleri ile Türk bankacılık sektöründeki mevduat hacimleri arasında uzun dönemli bir ilişkinin olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS FOR DIVERSIFIED EMPLOYEES
Authors:   Department of Computer Science and Engineering, SCSVMV, Kanchipuram, A.C.S.SRINIVAS Dr. C K GOMATHY, C K HEMALATHA, K.ROHAN,
Published: April 2022

Inclusion of diversity, what started as an initiative to provide equal employment across the world has today translated into a wider industry wide policy of diversity. It is gaining a strong foothold within India Inc. demonstrating inherent benefits for both employees and employers. The paper attempts to throw light on the practices and strategies being adopted by companies which are honored by recognized bodies for their unwavering commitment to diversity & inclusion. More specifically, the study approaches this through exploration of HRM activities in managing diversity in these organizations by developing a framework from literature of HRM and diversity management (DM). The practices of these organizations have been traced from newspaper articles, surveys, diversity reports of companies, public websites of the companies, and interviews of company heads available in print and in electronic sources. The various practices, and strategies that are adopted by Indian organizations to leverage diversity, have major concentration on women and people with disability. Keywords: Indian corporate, Diversity, Inclusion practices, Diversity Management.
The German Venture Investors' Perspective on Success Factors of Digital Start-ups: A Mixed-Methods Approach
Authors: Schumacher Nina
Published: April 2022

This study examines the perspective of German venture investors on the success factors of digital start-ups at the micro- (entrepreneurial personality), macro- (contextual factors), and meso- (business model) levels and derives an integrated, evidence-based working model of entrepreneurial success. This study follows a mixed-methods design, using theory-driven semi-structured expert interviews to collect quantitative and qualitative data. Triangulation of the data ensures that the results are unbiased. The study shows that the business model and single components of the business model are the least relevant success factors of digital start-ups from the perspective of German venture capitalists. Moreover, this study has some evidence of the relevance of venture capital availability as a contextual factor. Instead, the results show, in line with the literature, that personality factors in general and team leadership skills, in particular, seem to have a significant impact on the success of digital start-ups from the perspective of German venture capitalists.
Revisiting Energy Subsidy Calculations: A Focus on Saudi Arabia
Authors: Gasim Anwar A. , Matar Walid
Published: April 2022

The implicit nature of many energy subsidies has led to disagreements over what defines a ‘subsidy’ while making it difficult to estimate their indirect fiscal cost. Most energy subsidies in Saudi Arabia are implicit, leading to forgone government revenue. Using a comprehensive dataset, we estimate energy subsidies in Saudi Arabia for ten fuels and electricity for the 2007–2018 period. We begin by applying the price-gap method, then introduce a formulation that better captures the forgone revenues from maintaining a subsidy, accounting for the domestic demand response to the removal of the subsidy, which in turn frees up exports that can reduce the international market price. Our method shows that the magnitude of Saudi Arabia’s implicit energy subsidies may be overestimated. For instance, we find that the crude oil subsidy can fall from $8.6 billion (the price-gap estimate) to as low as $3.3 billion in 2018.
Impact of Low-carbon City Construction on Financing, Investment, and Total Factor Productivity of Energy-intensive Enterprises
Authors: Huwei Wen , Shuai Chen , Chien-Chiang Lee
Published: April 2022

Faced with the global climate change, as a major greenhouse gas emitter, China launched a pilot policy on low-carbon city construction since 2010. Few studies have discussed how climate policies affect the investment and financing behavior of energy-intensive enterprises. Based on the micro data of A-share listed enterprises in China’s energy-intensive industries, this study aims to assess the productivity effect of low-carbon city pilot (LCCP) policy and investigates the mechanism of financing and investment using the difference-in-difference method. Empirical results provide evidence that the LCCP policy has significantly improved the total factor productivity of energy-intensive enterprises. In terms of the mechanisms, the LCCP policy has increased the supply of bank credit to enterprises and encouraged their long-term investment in fixed assets and R&D activities. The productivity effect of the LCCP policy is greater for state-owned enterprises and enterprises with political connection. Urban human capital, industrial agglomeration, and resource endowment contribute to the productivity effect of LCCP policy for enterprises in the energy-intensive industries. The findings show that the LCCP is an effective comprehensive policy to promote the high-quality development of energy-intensive industries, and the findings also provide enlightenment for enacting better climate transition policies.
SHAMOLLASH KASALLIGINI DAVOLASHDA ISHLATILADIGAN AYRIM ZAMONAVIY DORI VOSITALARINING KIMYOVIY TARKIBI
Authors: Xojimatov Maqsadbek Mo'ydinovich , Karimov Islombek Jumaboy o‘g‘li , Asqarov Ibrohimjon Rahmonovich
Published: April 2022

Mazkur maqolada shamollash kasalligini davolashda ayrim zamonaviy dori vositalarining kimyoviy tarkibi haqida ma’lumotlar keltirib o‘tilgan. Jumladan, zamonaviy dori vositalarining ta’siri natijasida inson organizmidagi yuz beradigan nojo‘ya holatlar haqida so‘z yuritilgan.
NA’MATAK TARKIBIDAGI KIMYOVIY BIRIKMALARNING ODAM ORGANIZMIDAGI QON HOSIL BO‘LISHIGA TA’SIRI
Authors: Asqarov Ibrohimjon Rahmonovich , Razzaqov Nabijon Alijonovich , Mirraximov Jamshid
Published: April 2022

Ushbu maqolada na’matak tarkibidagi biologik faol moddalarning qon hujayralarining hosil bo‘lishiga ta’siri haqida ma’lumotlar keltirilgan.
Toetsing van een democratische uitvoering
Authors: van Lochem P.J.P.M.
Published: April 2022

Toetsing van een democratische uitvoering

Ook voor gemeenteraden bevatten medebewindswetten een belangrijke opdracht. De raden krijgen daarin de verantwoordelijkheid voor de democratische uitvoering van de gedecentraliseerde overheidstaken, door kaderstelling en controle op de uitvoering. Of gemeenteraden daartoe in staat zijn, wordt aangenomen, maar kennelijk niet getoetst door de Minister van Binnenlandse Zaken en Koninkrijksrelaties en de Raad van State. Hiermee is een kern van de decentralisatie, namelijk versterking van de democratie, in het geding. Alle aanleiding om, door wetgevingstoetsing, consultatie of zelfs gezamenlijke besluitvorming, wetgeving en werkelijkheid meer op elkaar te laten aansluiten. Hiermee zou de wetgever bovendien gemeentebesturen kunnen helpen om te voorkomen dat zij worden wat zij vrezen: uitvoeringskantoren van de centrale overheid.
Het Chileense burgerplatform dat een nieuwe Grondwet ontwerpt
Authors: Karapetian G.
Published: April 2022

Het Chileense burgerplatform dat een nieuwe Grondwet ontwerpt

In oktober 2019 ontstonden hevige protesten in de Chileense hoofdstad Santiago en andere delen van het land. Deze protesten hebben in mei 2021 geleid tot een direct gekozen burgerplatform, de Constitutionele Conventie, dat de opdracht heeft een nieuwe Grondwet te schrijven voor Chili. Hoe is deze Constitutionele Conventie wetgevingstechnisch tot stand gekomen en wie maakt hiervan deel uit?
Método Kumon para desarrollar el potencial del niño. Objetivos, características y beneficios
Authors: Carrero Alvarez Lorena
Published: April 2022

El método Kumon comenzó en Japón en 1954 y hoy con más de 4 millones de alumnos, es aceptado a nivel global como uno de los métodos de estudio más efectivo para aprender matemáticas. El principal objetivo del método Kumon es desarrollar las habilidades del alumno fomentando el autodidactismo, a través de un material exclusivo y autoinstructivo. Su abordaje individual de acuerdo con las capacidades del alumno, le permite desarrollar autonomía, autoconfianza, concentración y otras habilidades cognitivas, motivándolo así a aprender cada día más. Está desarrollado para niños desde edad escolar y actualmente ofrece tres programas, Matemáticas, Lengua Materna e Inglés. En general, Kumon desarrolla no solamente la capacidad de cálculo mental o de comprensión lectora, sino le ofrece herramientas para aumentar su potencial y confianza que le permite enfrentar retos incluso por encima de su capacidad, entendiendo que su potencial es ilimitado a través de un trabajo constante y dedicado, esto es esencial en el momento de tomar decisiones no sólo académicas, sino a lo largo de toda su vida.
Black-Eyed Pea Diet Alleviates High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol In Menopausal Women; Randomized Clinical Trial Study
Authors: Wiradharma Handi , Dwijasa Pande Made , Maharani Maharani
Published: April 2022

Introduction: Menopause is defined as the last menstruation cycle in women. Estrogen concentration in menopausal women was decreased and altered the lipid metabolism profiles. Menopausal women reportedly have a high risk of cardiovascular disease, arthritis, diabetes mellitus, and stroke. This study focused on the effect of the black-eyed pea diet on the lipid profiles in menopausal women.

Material and Methods: A randomized clinical study was performed to analyzedd the effect of the black-eyed pea diet on lipid profiles. Fifty-four menopausal women were selected as respondents and classified into two groups, black-eyed pea diet and placebo. Black-eyed pea diet treatment was performed by consuming black-eyed powder containing 67.5 mg of isoflavones and were monitored in week – 0 and week – 12 after treatment. Lipid profile of black-eyed pea diet and placebo in 12 weeks monitoring showed no significant value. After 12 weeks of treatment, total cholesterol and triglyceride were higher than before treatment.

Results: Interestingly, the black-eyed pea diet increased the HDL and lowered the LDL after 12 weeks of treatment.

Conclusion: This study concluded that black-eyed pea improved lipid profile, especially in elevating HDL level and decreasing LDL level in 12 weeks consumption.
Case Report: Massive Hematocel with An Intrauterine Pregnancy
Authors: Agustia Qonita Prasta , Nelasari Halida , Sutrisno
Published: April 2022

Introduction: Incidence of ectopic pregnancy can be an acute or chronic condition. The condition of chronic ectopic pregnancy itself is unique, arises from a minor rupture, and then develops into a hematocele. Chronic ectopic pregnancy is quite complicated to diagnose because it usually has a prolonged clinical course and can disappear spontaneously.
Case Presentation: A woman aged 31-32 weeks, aged 24 years, complained of right abdominal pain accompanied by nausea and vomiting. Examination of vital signs was 120/80 mmHg, pulse 84 x/min, RR 20x/min, temperature 36.70C, and SpO2 of 98% with pale conjunctiva and abdominal tenderness in the right upper quadrant. On laboratory examination, the patient found severe microcytic normochromic anemia (Hb 4.5 mg/dl; MCV 96.6 Fl; MCH 30.2 pg), thrombocytopenia (platelets 133,000 L) and hypoalbumin (albumin 2.82 L). Ultrasound examination showed a mass in the right adnexa accompanied by intrauterine pregnancy. The patient underwent a laparotomy and found a mass in the form of a blood clot (hematocele) of 30x20x20 cm.
Conclusion: Chronic ectopic pregnancy is a rare condition, especially in developed countries. A clinician should be more detailed in diagnosing and considering the ultrasound, an amorphous mass with avascularity to amass with complex vascular formation. This is very necessary considering that this hematocele mass can develop progressively to cause fetal growth disorders.
Quiebras comerciales y redes de acreedores en la Edad Moderna: Bilbao 1700-1800
Authors: Cagigal Montalbán Ekain
Published: April 2022

Los expedientes de quiebra mercantil, regulados en Bilbao desde comienzos del siglo XVIII por las Ordenanzas del Consulado, contemplaban la formación de juntas de acreedores donde se ponía de manifiesto la relación de crédito o deuda entre los diferentes operadores económicos y comerciales de la villa. Estas vinculaciones deudor-acreedor no deja de proporcionar, en su conjunto, una representación del entramado comercial que caracterizaba la villa, en definitiva, una red compleja de interacciones económicas, cuyo estudio se adapta de forma muy apropiada a las capacidades metodólogicas del Análisis de Redes Sociales (ARS).

La aplicación del ARS a los concursos de acreedores identificados en la década 1750-1760, período en el que se produce un claro cambio de tendencia en las situaciones de insolvencia en Bilbao, ha permitido poner de manifiesto tanto el valor de la información contenida en tales procesos como las capacidades de la aproximación metodológica empleada. Y así, se han extraído rasgos característicos del entorno mercantil del momento, previamente descritos por la historiografía de referencia; pero también otros atributos menos tangibles, como la alta interconexión de agentes quebrados y el fenómeno de las quiebras en cadena.
Análisis reticular de las ciudadanías preconstituyentes emergentes en Chile.
Authors: Gaete José Manuel , Zúñiga-Fajuri Alejandra , Hativovic Díaz Fuad , Faúndez Abarca Ximena , Bravo Vidal Diego , Ilabaca Baeza Paola
Published: April 2022

Esta investigación tiene como propósito identificar los tipos de ciudadanías que emergen en el Chile preconstituyente (previo al estallido social y convención constituyente) según los tipos de derechos que las personas definen como prioritarios y que, como tal, reflejan las bases sobre las cuales se definirá el proceso constituyente que actualmente se encuentra en marcha. Para lograr esto, se estudiaron los derechos mencionados por cerca de 90 mil personas que participaron en los cabildos ciudadanos realizados en 2016. El análisis se realizó a través de dos técnicas complementarias, la primera fue la aplicación de redes neuronales artificiales, con el fin de identificar la base relacional de los derechos. Luego, y mediante algunas técnicas de ARS, se especificaron las bases de ciudadanías que estaban presente en estas deliberaciones populares.  Los resultados indican que, a través de las distintas configuraciones relacionales de los derechos mencionados por los participantes, se evidencia la emergencia de ciudadanías más tradicionales (liberales y republicanas) y otras, con una mayor fuerza, alineadas con los procesos políticos y movilizaciones sociales actuales, estas son: ciudadanía moderna, multicultural y diferenciada.
New evidence on credit channel of monetary policy transmission in India
Authors:   Azman Hashim International Business school (AHIBS), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Jalan sultan Yahya Petra, 54100, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Farajnezhad Mohammad , Idrus Durrishah ,   Razak Faculty of Technology and Informatics (RFTI), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, 54100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Shehni Karam Zadeh Mani ,   A. James Clarks School of Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, 1131 Glenn Martin Hall, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
Published: April 2022

This article examines a credit channel of the monetary policy transmission mechanism in India. One hundred thirty-two commercial banks in India were studied for ten years, from 2009 to 2018, using STATA for data analysis. The question of this study is: do bank features and macroeconomic variables combine to influence credit supply in India? According to the data, the bank's features have a large and negative liquidity ratio compared to the loan amount. Furthermore, there is a significant but negative relationship between the interaction of inflation and interest rates with the liquidity ratio and loan amount in India.
¿Son el liderazgo y la innovación organizacional catalizadores de la atención centrada en las personas?: estudio de caso de la Fundación Matia
Authors: Amunarriz Gerardo , Alcalde-Heras Henar
Published: April 2022

La pandemia de covid-19 ha constatado lo que la literatura ya venía evidenciando: la necesidad de un cambio en profundidad del modelo de cuidados de larga duración hacia un nuevo paradigma centrado en las personas que abogue por la desinstitucionalización. Sin embargo, a la hora de implementarlo las personas directivas encuentran serias barreras para su generalización. Este estudio de caso de la Fundación Matia se centra, precisamente, en fundamentar los intentos directivos para escalar y generalizar las buenas prácticas generadas en el proyecto Etxean Ondo — que comenzó en 2011 bajo el liderazgo del Gobierno Vasco—, para el desarrollo de la atención centrada en la persona en Euskadi. Los resultados muestran cómo la creación de equipos pequeños y estables en unidades de convivencia, la sistematización de espacios para el aprendizaje cooperativo y el desarrollo de liderazgo personal a través de nuevos perfiles profesionales, fomentan un contexto de mayor autogestión organizativa favorable a la atención centrada en la persona.
¿A qué nos referimos cuando hablamos de pobreza laboral? Una aproximación conceptual
Authors: Domínguez-Olabide Peru
Published: April 2022

Los bajos salarios, la baja intensidad laboral o la inestabilidad del empleo, unidos a una limitada capacidad de redistribución del sistema de bienestar a las familias con mayores necesidades, hacen que, a un segmento importante de trabajadores/as, la ocupación en el mercado de trabajo le resulte insuficiente para escapar de la pobreza. Para delimitar la pobreza en el empleo o pobreza laboral, se han propuesto una serie de indicadores construidos a partir de supuestos notablemente diferentes en relación con el empleo y la pobreza. Estas divergencias implican que el fenómeno analizado difiera considerablemente en función del uso de una u otra magnitud. Considerando lo anterior y poniendo el foco en el contexto de la Unión Europea, este artículo trata de concretar las implicaciones derivadas de la aplicación de distintas definiciones de pobreza laboral. Concretamente, busca determinar con mayor precisión a qué se hace referencia al hablar de pobreza laboral.
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PROBLEM BASED LEARNING DAN INQUIRI BASED LEARNING TERHADAP MOTIVASI DAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA
Authors: Febriati Novita , Widayat Edy , Kadar Suharti
Published: April 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah: 1). Untuk mengetahui ada tidaknya pengaruh model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning dan Inquiri Based Learning terhadap motivasi belajar siswa. 2). Untuk mengetahui ada tidaknya pengaruh model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning dan Inquiri Based Learning terhadap hasil belajar siswa. 3). Untuk mengetahui ada tidaknya pengaruh model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning dan Inquiri Based Learning terhadap motivasi dan hasil belajar siswa. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen semu dengan desain pretest-posttest non-equivalent comparison-group design. Instrumen pengumpulan data meliputi lembar angket motivasi belajar siswa dan lembar tes hasil belajar siswa. Uji yang dilakukan adalah uji one way MANOVA. Hasil dari penelitian diperoleh ada pengaruh yang signifikan model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning dan Inquiri Based Learning terhadap motivasi dan hasil belajar siswa.
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN THE LEARNING CELL TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN KOMUNIKASI MATEMATIS SISWA KELAS VIII SMP NEGERI 6 TORGAMBA
Authors: Nurintan Siti , Julyanti Eva
Published: April 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui adanya pengaruh model pembelajaran the learning cell terhadap kemampuan komunikasi matematis siswakelas VIII SMP Negeri 6 Torgamba. Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian kuantitatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 160 siswa. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah kelas VIII-A dan VIII-B masing-masing berjumlah 32 siswa. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu cluster random sampling, yaitu pengambilan anggota sampel dari populasi yang dilakukan dengan merandom kelas. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa nilai sig pada analisi regresi adalah sebesar 0,000. Nilai tersebut lebih kecil dari 0,05 sehingga Ho ditolak dan Ha diterima. Adapun keputusannya adalah terdapat pengaruh model pembelajaran the learning cell terhadap kemampuan komunikasi matematis siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 6 Torgamba. Adapun pengaruh model pembelajaran the learning cell terhadap kemampuan komunikasi matematis siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 6 Torgamba adalah sebesar 72,1%.
Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Formulasi Sediaan Salep Ekstrak Daun Krisan Chrysanthemum morifolium Terhadap Bakteri Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Rawung Felicia T. , Karauwan Ferdy A. , Pareta Douglas N. , Palandi Reky R.
Published: April 2022

Antibakteri adalah zat yang dapat membunuh atau menekan pertumbuhan atau reproduksi bakteri. Chrysanthemum morifolium atau yang dikenal dengan bunga krisan merupakan salah satu tanaman hasil budidaya memiliki potensi sebagai antibakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri pada sediaan salep ekstrak daun krisan dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Staphylococcus aureus. Ekstraksi dilakukan dengan metode maserasi menggunakan etanol 96%. Ekstrak yang dihasilkan di buat dalam sediaan salep dengan konsentrasi 12,5%, 25%, dan 50%. Hasil evaluasi sediaan salep ketiga konsentrasi memenuhi persyaratan uji organoleptik, uji pH, uji homogenitas, dan uji daya sebar. Pengujian aktivitas antibakteri sediaan salep dilakukan menggunakan metode difusi agar dengan cara sumuran. Data yang didapatkan dianalisis menggunakan uji Kruskal-Wallis dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Mann-Whitney. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa salep konsentrasi 12,5 %, 25 %, dan 50% memiliki aktivitas sebagai antibakteri terhadap Staphylococcus aureus.
Identifikasi Bahan Kimia Obat (BKO) Glibenklamid Pada Jamu Antidiabetes Dengan Menggunakan Metode Kromatografi Lapis Tipis (KLT) Dan Spektrofotodensitometri
Authors: Mulkin Asmiati , Maarisit Wilmar , Pareta Douglas , Palandi Reky R.
Published: April 2022

Untuk mengetahui adanya kandungan glibenklamid dalam jamu diabetes, dilakukan pengujian kualitatif yaitu menggunakan lempeng KLT.  Metode KLT digunakan karena KLT merupakan metode yang sederhana dan cepat.  KLT digunakan secara luas untuk analisis obat Penelitian ini untuk mengidentifikasi bahan kimia obat glibenklamid pada jamu antidiabetes dengan menggunakan metode kromatografi lapis tipis. Sampel yang digunakan adalah 3 macam jamu antidiabetes yaitu  Delites,Jakeni,Wei Yi Wang  Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa jamu Wei Yi Wang (0003.K) positif mengandung bahan kimia obat (BKO) glibenklamid.  Jamu Delites (0001.K) dan jamu Jakeni (0002.K) negatif mengandung bahan kimia obat (BKO). Hal ini dapat dilihat dari nilai Rf masing-masing sampel dan nilai Rf dari baku pembanding glibenklamid dan Spike serta dipertegas dengan hasil uji spektrofotodensitometri yang menunjukan peak (puncak gelombang) yang sama.
Evaluasi Pelaksanaan Pelayanan Kefarmasian Di Apotek Telemedika Farma 14 Manado
Authors: Mongi Deby , Pareta Douglas , Maarisit Wilmar , Kanter Jabes
Published: April 2022

Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif kualitatif yang bertujuan untuk mendapatkan informasi secara menyeluruh bagaimana sistem pelayanan kefarmasian di Apotek Telemedika Farma 14 Manado. Responden dalam penelitian ini adalah Apoteker Pengelolah Apotek (APA), Tenaga Teknis Kefarmasian. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian maka di dapatkan hasil bahwa standar pelayanan kefarmasian yang ada di Apotek Telemedika Farma 14 Manado belum sepenuhnya menerapkan standar pelayanan kefarmasian berdasarkan Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan. Standar pelayanan kefarmasian pada pelayanan informasi obat tidak dilakukan informasi kepada konsumen terkait farmakokinetik. Pada saat konseling tidak dilakukan konseling yang terdokumentasi. Pelayanan kefarmasian dirumah belum sepenuhnya dilaksanakan. Pemantauan terapi obat tidak melakukan pemilihan pasien sesuai kriteria, dan tidak melakukan dokumentasi pelaksanaa pemantauan terapi obat. Pelayanan Kefarmasian Di Rumah dan Monitoring Efek Samping obat belum dilakukan sepenuhnya.
Evaluasi Penyimpanan Obat Di Instalasi Farmasi Uptd Puskesmas Tuminting
Authors: Tuda Iteke , Tampa’i Randi , Maarisit Wilmar , Sambou Christel
Published: April 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi penyimpanan obat di Instalasi Farmasi UPTD Puskesmas Tuminting. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif bertujuan untuk mendapatkan informasi secara menyeluruh bagaimana sistem penyimpanan obat di Instalasi Farmasi UPTD Puskesmas Tuminting.  Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian terhadap penyimpanan obat di Instalasi Farmasi UPTD Puskesmas Tuminting termasuk kategori sangat baik dengan persentase rata-rata 88,89 %.  Evaluasi penyimpanan obat melalui cara penyimpanan obat diperoleh 77,78 % (baik), pengaturan tata ruang 88,89 % (sangat baik) dan pencatatan kartu stok 100 % (sangat baik).
Rendimiento de producción de biodiesel por transesterificación a partir de aceite de soja usado
Authors: Rodríguez Bustamante Josué Iván , Meza Gago Dennys José , Gutiérrez Rodríguez Iliana Del Carmen
Published: April 2022

The objective was to evaluate the yield of biodiesel production from used soybean oil for a better use of used oils by the transesterification method, Calcium Oxide (2 and 6%) and the Molar Ratio of ethanol were evaluated: oil (9:1 and 15:1). A 22 factorial experimental design with five central points was proposed to evaluate the effect of the ethanol:oil molar ratio parameters and the percentage of Calcium Oxide concentration on biodiesel yield. The highest biodiesel yield was 60.9%, with a 15: 1 ethanol:oil molar ratio and a 6% calcium oxide concentration. It should be noted that this performance could be optimized by applying the responsesurface methodology, the viscosity was 8.70 centistokes, a result that was close to the ASTM D6751-09 standard. Finally, the control variables with molar ratios greater than 15:1 and catalyst concentrations close to 6% are applicable to optimize the yield of biodiesel production.
India: Accelerating Growth, Creating Well-paid Jobs for the Masses
Authors: Panagariya Arvind
Published: April 2022

Issue: Sep-Oct 2020

Transformation of Indian economy to a modern, urban and industrial one at a fast pace requires the creation of a policy environment that would accelerate the growth of medium and large enterprises, especially in labour intensive sectors such as apparel, footwear, furniture and numerous light manufactures.  Key policy reforms required for the emergence of these enterprises include opening the economy to foreign trade and investment wider, flexible labour markets, availability of land to businesses at reasonable prices and low rental housing for migrant workers taking up jobs in the enterprises. Considering the complexity of undertaking multiple reforms involving both Centre and States, an option may be to create Autonomous Employment Zones, spread over areas of 500 square kilometres or more with full autonomy to implement their own labour and land laws, as is the case in Shenzhen in China.  The zones can also be designed such that imports and exports can move rapidly into and out of it. These zones may help bring many multinationals currently looking for locations other than China.  The paper also lists a number of reforms in education, privatization, food procurement and public distribution system, power sector, civil service, tax administration, and fiscal and monetary policies.  I discuss these reforms in detail in my recent book, India Unlimited.  JEL: F1, F4, J2, R3
COVID-19 Warrants Long Overdue Doctrinal Shifts in Military Planning
Authors: Menon Prakash , Kotasthane Pranay
Published: April 2022

Issue: Sep-Oct 2020

The economic shock of COVID-19 makes the current method of defence budgeting redundant. When the GDP itself is set to reduce, defence expenditure demands as a percentage of GDP is less feasible. On the other hand, the situation on the Line of Actual Control (LAC) in Ladakh has demonstrated again that managing China, not just Pakistan, should be the focus of India’s military planning. To overcome these two challenges, a few incremental budget cuts, postponing of capital acquisition plans, and forgoing of salaries for a day would be insufficient. This paper proposes major doctrinal shifts in military planning. It identifies the mismatches between India’s political objectives and the kind of force structure put in place to meet those objectives. Derived from these mismatches, six doctrinal shifts — a paradigm of employable power, a structure for integrated theatre commands, conversion of manpower to human capital investment, organisational changes to build firepower, and a shift in focus to the seas and new domains — are discussed. The paper ends with a discussion on the civil-military pieces that need to fall in place in order to execute these shifts.
Spatial data acquisition for traffic lights intersections as a basis for GIS development in Timisoara, Romania
Authors: MOSCOVICI Anca-Maria , SÎRBU Ovidiu Marcel , VÎLCEANU Clara-Beatrice , HERBAN Sorin , IOVANOVICI Alexandru
Published: April 2022

The continuous development and the rapid economic growth of Timisoara municipality (western Romania) have contributed to the increase in transport needs. The number of motor vehicles registered by natural persons (125195), and the number of motor vehicles registered by legal entities (35303), results in one motor vehicle per two persons. To these figures are added the commuters, students and tourists who come by car to the city. Thus, the main cause of road traffic is the increasing number of vehicles, day by day. In order to maximize road capacity and speed up the pedestrians’ flow, traffic lights are used at approximately every intersection. As such, the proper use of traffic signals can lead to more efficient traffic management. Due to the evolution in time, technology comes to aid precisely to solve such problems and especially to streamline road traffic issues. Thus, the article presents the workflow that includes identifying the elements of a traffic light intersection, measuring, and processing them, in order to realize a layout plan that can be introduced into a GIS system to manage traffic lights in an intelligent manner. Using GIS (Geographical Information System) technology, the problem of road traffic can be solved appropriately and efficiently. Based on the main characteristics of urban traffic and the efficient, appropriate use of traffic lights, approaching, and treating the information according to the area, its spatial and geographical location through coordinates, GIS technology can be used to solve problems given by the zonal agglomeration of heavy traffic centres, or areas with peak hours. The fluidization of the traffic can ensure better circulation and aeration of the crowded areas and the avoidance of the congestion of some central arteries, especially during rush hours.
Reflexões sobre a inclusão
Authors: Maria Israel Ângela
Published: April 2022

Este artigo focaliza a inclusão de crianças com necessidades educacionais especiais no ensino de Educação Infantil regular, visando uma educação de qualidade para todos. Discute alguns aspectos da política nacional, por meio da apresentação de leis que garantem o direito à educação inclusiva, bem como as reflexões sobre a formação de professores que atuam nas creches e pré-escolas em que há inclusão, revendo conceitos, princípios e estratégias educacionais inclusivas, que propiciam o desenvolvimento social, afetivo e cognitivo de crianças inclusas. Incentiva a importância da formulação de um Projeto Político-Pedagógico para a diversidade, no qual a participação da comunidade e das famílias das crianças inclusas é fundamental.
Trabalho, educação e estética
Authors: Conte Gabriel
Published: April 2022

Os seres humanos diferenciam-se dos outros seres existentes sobre a Terra através do trabalho. É o trabalho a atividade humana fundamental, sem a qual não podemos caracterizar a vida humana, e que marca a ação humana sobre o mundo como história, que modifica a realidade através dos tempos. Nos milênios de sua existência, a humanidade produziu diferentes formas de trabalho, até chegar a atual forma de produzir a vida, o capitalismo, forma de sociabilidade baseada na propriedade privada e na exploração do trabalho através do pagamento de salário. Para se reproduzir, essa forma de sociedade desenvolve uma série de mecanismos jurídicos, políticos e ideológicos com um grau de refinamento e complexidade nunca antes visto. A educação se encaixa aí, como produtora dos seres capazes de reproduzir objetiva e subjetivamente a sociedade que está posta. A miséria que essa sociedade produz para a maioria das pessoas depende e se expressa na educação, assim como no empobrecimento da própria sensibilidade. No entanto, as contradições que esta forma de sociedade apresenta, tanto no âmbito da produção concreta da vida, quanto das suas ideias, colocam-nos a possibilidade de transformá-la, o que aponta uma tarefa histórica para aqueles que não concordam com a atual forma de produzir e reproduzir a vida.