bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Persepsi Wisatawan Terhadap Penataan Kawasan Pedestrian Malioboro
Authors: Prayuda Aldi Sasongko , Priyo Eko , Salsabila Lubna , Kasiwi Aulia
Published: April 2021

Berjalan kaki merupakan hal yang pasti dilakukan oleh setiap manusia. Hal ini didukung dengan pedestrian yang memadai dan mendukung kegiatan warganya dalam berjalan kaki. Berangkat dari hal ini, banyak bermunculan pusat perbelanjaan dengan konsep pedestrian area. Di banyak kota besar di Indonesia, hal seperti ini juga terjadi. Salah satunya di kawasan Malioboro. Sejak zaman dahulu, kawasan ini memang sudah terkenalsebagai pusat perbelanjaan yang tersusun secara linear dan memiliki jalur pedestrian yang mendukung kegiatanwarganya dalam melakukan interaksi jual beli. Saat ini, kawasan malioboro telah berubah menjadi kawasanyang semangkin padat terutama yang dulunya trotoar ditempati menjadi lahan parkir sekarang trotoar tersebutsudah di alih fungsikan menjadi tempat wisatawan pejalan kaki, agar memudahkan mereka berbelanjadisekitaran malioboro, dan juru parkir harus mengikuti aturan pemerintah mereka tidak bisa lagi meraup ruoiahdari hasil parkiran tersebut, karena parkiran yang dulunya berada di trotoar telah di pindahkan ke parkiran Abu Bakar Ali sehingga menjadi lebih rapi nyaman dan indah di lihat pedestrian semangkin nyaman mengaksesjalannya di daerah malioboro.
PERANCANGAN VIDEO PROMOSI WISATA KULINER KOTA SEMARANG DALAM PROGRAM ‘‘AYO WISATA KE SEMARANG”
Authors: Noviyanti Riska Dwi , Setiawan T. Arie , Setyawan Martin
Published: April 2021

Kuliner merupakan salah satu jenis wisata yang banyak diminati oleh wisatawan, sehingga dibutuhkan media promosi untuk memperkenalkan kuliner yang menjadi ciri khas kota. Pemerintah Kota Semarang membentuk program Ayo Wisata ke Semarang demi mewujudkan pesona wisata dengan membahas jenis wisata di Kota Semarang termasuk wisata kuliner. Media promosi yang sudah ada di Kota Semarang berupa berita melalui video yang dikemas dengan durasi yang panjang dan dirasa kurang efektif. Melalui fakta tersebut, sehingga diperlukan sebuah media untuk mendukung promosi dan memberikan rekomendasi kuliner Kota Semarang berupa video promosi yang lebih memperkenalkan wisata kuliner Kota Semarang dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif dan strategi linier untuk mempromosikan wisata kuliner di Kota Semarang. Hasil video promosi telah dipublikasikan di akun resmi pemerintah Kota Semarang seperti youtube, instagram, dan facebook.
PERKEMBANGAN SIKLUS HIDUP DESTINASI PARIWISATA DI INDONESIA Analisis Berdasarkan Data Makro Badan Pusat Statistik, 2002- 2012
Authors: Damanik Janianton , Wijayanti Ani , Nugraha Awaludin
Published: April 2021

Jumlah wisatawan mancanegara (wisman) dan devisa sektor pariwisata yang diraih Indonesia menunjukkan kecenderungan positif dalam 10 tahun terakhir, namun hal itu tidak menggambarkan situasi nyata perkembangan destinasi pariwisata antardaerah. Perkembangan destinasi ini diduga tidak mengikuti siklus garis linear, akibat perbedaan karakteristik setiap daerah dan faktor eksternal industri pariwisata itu sendiri. Studi ini bertujuan untuk memaparkan dinamika perkembangan destinasi pariwisata berbasis wilayah provinsi pada periode 2002-2012. Fokus analisis adalah pergeseran siklus perkembangan masing-masing destinasi dan dugaan penyebabnya. Hal ini didekati dengan mengadopsi model TALC yang banyak digunakan oleh peneliti lain. Metode deskriptif sengaja dipilih untuk memaknai data makro pariwisata yang dirilis oleh BPS. Hasil analisis menemukan: a) adanya perbedaan siklus hidup sebagian besar destinasi; b) dinamika naik-turun fase perkembangan destinasi; c) ketidaklinearan siklus hidup destinasi pariwisata; dan d) perbedaan asumsi model TALC dengan realitas perkembangan destinasi pariwisata Indonesia. Oleh karena itu, disarankan agar: a) realitas siklus hidup setiap destinasi diadopsi sebagai basis perumusan kebijakan pengembangan destinasi secara lebih tepat; dan b) kajian lebih lanjut dilakukan dengan cara menambah parameter perkembangan destinasi.
Analisis Kebutuhan Masyarakat dalam Pengembangan Dewi Sambi (Desa Wisata Samiran Boyolali) di Desa Samiran, Kecamatan Selo, Kabupaten Boyolali
Authors: Andriani Risky Ayu , Wibowo Agung Ayu , Winarno Joko Ayu
Published: April 2021

AbstrakDewi Sambi (Desa Wisata Samiran Boyolali) merupakan salah satu bentuk community-based tourism dan merupakan desa wisata unggulan di Kabupaten Boyolali. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kebutuhan masyarakat yang terlibat dalam pengembangan desa wisata. Penelitian ini memilih wilayah di lereng sebelah timur Gunung Merapi di Desa Samiran di Kecamatan Selo Kabupaten Boyolali. Dasar utama pemilihan wilayah ini adalah desa wisata ini mengusung konsep pemberdayaan, dimana aktivitas utamanya berasal dari masyarakat lokal dan hasilnya juga untuk masyarakat lokal. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif yang mengarah ke paradigma konstruktivis. Penelitian ini menggunakan studi kasus yang menyelidiki kebutuhan masyarakat sejalan dengan pengembangan desa wisata.  Analisis kebutuhan dalam penelitian ini digambarkan dalam bentuk diagram pohon masalah. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode Miles and Huberman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kebutuhan masyarakat yang dirasakan menjadi pemicu dalam pengembangan desa wisata. Aspek partisipasi masyarakat, nilai, norma, penghargaan, dan aktualisasi diri menjadi entitas kebutuhan dalam penelitian ini. Analisis kebutuhan menjadi dasar dalam pengembangan desa wisata Samiran Boyolali. AbstractDewi Sambi (Samiran Boyolali Tourism Village) is a form of community based tourism and is a leading tourism village in Boyolali Regency. This study aims to analyze the needs of the people involved in developing tourist villages. This study chose the area on the eastern slope of Mount Merapi in Samiran Village in Selo District, Boyolali Regency. The main basis for the selection of this region is that the tourist village carries the concept of empowerment, where the main activity comes from the local community and the results are also for local people. The method used in this study is qualitative which leads to the constructivist paradigm. This research uses a case study that investigates community needs in line with the development of a tourist village. The needs analysis in this research is illustrated in the form of a problem tree diagram. Data analysis was performed using the Miles and Huberman method. The results showed that the perceived community needs became a trigger in the development of tourism villages. The aspects of community participation, values, norms, appreciation, and self-actualization are needed entities in this research. Analysis of needs is the basis for developing the Samiran Boyolali tourism village.
Smallholder Farmers’ Formal Risk Management Services: Evidence from Southeast Nigeria
Authors: Ejiogu Augustine Odinakachukwu , Chidiebere-Mark Nneka Maris , Emeribe Ebenezer Okechukwu
Published: April 2021

Smallholder farmers’ livelihood activities are mainly centred on agricultural investments which are inherently risky. The risky nature of agricultural activities is further complicated by the fact that resource-poor smallholder farmers operate in an environment with weak markets and less than satisfactory financial services. Formal risk management services hold out the expected external intervention for aiding the resource-poor farmers break out of the vicious circle of poverty. Not all formal risk management services are actually tailored to the scope the smallholder farmers. This study therefore set out to examine the formal risk management services employed by the smallholder farmers in southeast Nigeria. A multi-stage sampling technique was adopted in selecting respondents. Out of 504 smallholder farmers selected, data were successfully collected from 494. Functional analysis, descriptive and inferential statistics were used in data analysis. Results showed that 37% of the smallholder farmers employed formal risk management services; 17.68% subscribed to and utilized direct formal risk management services provided by the Nigerian Agricultural Insurance Corporation. There was a sufficiently deficient use of formal risk management services by smallholder farmers in Southeast Nigeria. It is recommended that the Nigerian Agricultural Insurance Corporation should tailor its services to the needs of the smallholder farmers.
Семантические особенности цветообозначения улан ‘красный’ в калмыцком языке и способы его перевода на немецкий язык (на примере калмыцких сказок в записи Г. Й. Рамстедта)
Authors:   Kalmyk Scientific Center of the RAS (8, Ilishkin St., Elista 358000, Russian Federation), Bayanova Aleksandra T.
Published: April 2021

Introduction. Color terms constitute a most archaic lexical stratum of any language. Being characterized by vivid ethnocultural specifics, those serve as important elements to the linguistic view of the world. Goals. The paper seeks to analyze semantic features of the Kalmyk color term улан ‘red’ and its German translation equivalents. Materials and Methods. The work explores Kalmyk folktales recorded by the Finnish scholar G. J. Ramstedt during his 1903 scientific expedition to the Kalmyk Steppe. The analysis of the color term comprises both general research methods and specifically linguoculturological ones, such as linguoculturological and conceptual insights into folklore texts. Results. Impacts of color in world perception of the Kalmyks — just as for any other nation — are diverse enough. The folktale texts recorded by G. J. Ramstedt contain a total of five shades of the color, the lexeme улан ‘red’ being largely characterized by positive semantics. German translation variants are not always complete semantic equivalents of the color term which results from that color denoting lexemes — and those of red in particular — are integral to a certain ethnic worldview, this leading to some ambivalence of the color under study. Conclusions. The lexeme улан ‘red’ in its first nominative meaning denotes a color of an object, e.g., red proper, scarlet, ruddy, etc. In the Kalmyk language, it also serves to denote the prototypic color of blood and is often used to describe animal coat colors. The Finnish scholar employed different German translation means. In most cases, the selection of translation equivalents depends on the translator’s associative/visual thinking and perception of the world, as well as on lexical, semantic and morphological patterns of Kalmyk and German. Folklore texts are structured specifically, and a translator needs utmost attention and linguistic intuition to avoid any inaccuracies when communicating a color paradigm from the original text. The challenge be tackled by a translator of color terms in a folklore text is that he/she is supposed to bear both the linguocultures examined.
Biostratigraphy and paleoenvironment of Maastrichtian foraminiferal assemblages from a succession located NW of Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas (SE Mexico)
Authors: Omaña Lourdes , Pons Jose Maria , Cruz Ruben
Published: April 2021

During the Maastrichtian, two lithostratigraphic units were deposited in the central Chiapas region; the Ocozocoautla and Angostura formations. The first unit crops out northwest of the city of Tuxtla Gutiérrez in central Chiapas. It is a complex lithological unit mainly composed of siliciclastic rocks interbedded with limestone. Overlying it, the Angostura limestone is recognized. This study focuses on a taxonomic study of the larger benthic and planktic foraminifera from both formations in order to assign age and to infer the paleoenviroment.

The Ocozocoautla Formation includes an association of benthic as well as significant planktic foraminifera. Based on the microfossils stratigraphic distribution, two biozones were defined: the Pseudorbitoides rutteni–Ayalaina rutteni Assemblage Zone of earliest Maastrichtian and the upper part of the Gansserina gansseri Interval Zone of early Maastrichtian.

The Angostura Formation contains dasycladacean algae and larger foraminifera considered as important age markers in shallow-water environments. Two foraminiferal interval zones were defined, Praechubbina breviclaustra Interval Zone of early late Maastrichtian and Chubbina jamaicensis Total Range Zone of late to latest Maastrichian age.

The microfacies (grainstone, wackestone–packstone, wackestone) as well as the foraminiferal assemblage enable the paleoenvironment to be reconstructed, suggesting a deposit that developed in an open-water marine setting with moderate to high energy, characterized by benthic and planktic foraminifera in the Ocozocoautla Formation, while in the Angostura Formation a shallow-water marine protected environment is inferred.

The paleobiogeographical distribution of the assemblage from both the Ocozocoautla and Angostura formations mostly contains endemic benthic foraminifera of the Caribbean Province and other few Tethysian forms of the Angostura Formation.
Corrección a Emplazamiento del magmatismo Paleoceno-Eoceno bajo un régimen transtensional y su evolución a un equilibrio dinámico en el borde occidental de Colombia [Rev. Mex. Cienc. Geol., 37-3 (2020), 250-268]
Authors: Grajales Jeny Alejandra , Nieto-Samaniego Ángel F. , Osorio Jairo Alonso , Barrero Lozano Darío , Cuellar Mario Andrés
Published: April 2021

En la Tabla 4 y las Figuras 3 y 6 del artículo referido, las edades reportadas por Villagómez et al. (2011) [muestras: DV64, DV70_2, DV148, DV163, DV04, DV05, DV30]; Restrepo et al. (1991) [muestra: 69]; Núñez (1981) [muestra: GM-156841] y ANH-UCaldas (2011) [muestra: SG-002] fueron erróneamente reportas como edades U-Pb en circón. Dichas edades no debieron incluirse en el manuscrito dado que allí se discuten solamente edades de cristalización. No obstante lo anterior, la exclusión de esos datos no cambia las interpretaciones ni conclusiones reportadas en el artículo.

Se anexan versiones corregidas de la tabla y las figuras mencionadas, para los lectores que deseen tenerlas sin los datos que fueron incluidos erróneamente.
Smart Control System for the Wind Energy Networks
Authors: Abdali L. M. , Al-Rufaee F. M. , Yakimovich B. A. , Kuvshinov V. V.
Published: April 2021

Работа ветроэлектрических установок недостаточно стабильна и надежна, что связано с непостоянством ветрового потока и изменчивостью направления ветра. Однако мировая ветроэнергетика развивается довольно большими темпами, и в перспективе доля генерирующих мощностей, связанных с преобразованием ветрового потока, составит значительную часть всей электроэнергетики. Для устранения подобных факторов при проектировании работы ветротурбин необходимо более полно использовать системы автоматического регулирования не только параметров, связанных с работой механических частей, но и электрических характеристик ветроустановок на основе силовой электроники.Выработка электрической энергии путем преобразования ветрового потока стала основой возобновляемой энергетики в энергосистемах всего мира. Современные системы ветроэлектрических установок (ВЭУ), преобразующие ветровые потоки с различной скоростью и расположенные на крупных ветроэлектрических станциях, нашли лучшее признание и захватили большую часть доли рынка. Подобные установки преобразовывают ветровую энергию с использованием силовых электронных систем. Технологии систем силовой электроники значительно повышают управляемость ветротурбин. Использование электронных систем в ветроэнергетике позволяет эффективно решать проблемы, связанные с требованиями к подключению к электросети.В предложенной работе представлено интеллектуальное устройство управления гибридной системой преобразования энергии ветра (СПЭВ) с помощью ветровой турбины с переменной скоростью вращения ротора на основе синхронного генератора с постоянным магнитом (СГПМ-ВЭУ). Предлагаемая конструкция управления затрагивает многие части системы, которые обеспечивают отслеживание максимальной мощности, управление системой и поддержание постоянного напряжения на необходимом уровне. Предлагаемый регулятор разработан с использованием дробного пропорционально-интегрального (ПИ) регулятора, где параметры контроллера успешно настраиваются новым алгоритмом метаэвристической оптимизации Бат (BA). Чтобы выделить и сравнить характеристики этого контроллера, он используется при изменении скорости ветра и сравнивается с обычным ПИ-регулятором. Результаты моделирования показывают эффективность предложенного контроллера. Кроме того, по предложенной схеме установка ветротурбины с постоянным магнитом эффективно управляется в различных режимах работы.
Differences in Colonial Experience and the Institution-Economic Growth Nexus in West Africa
Authors: Raifu Isiaka Akande , Nnadozie Obianuju Ogochukwu , Opeloyeru Olaide Sekinat
Published: April 2021

Does the quality of institutions affect economic growth in West African countries? Which institutional variable aids or harms economic growth in the region? Is the effect of institutions on economic growth in former French-colonised countries different from that of British-colonised countries? This study addresses these questions. Specifically, we first examined the effect of six institutional variables on economic growth for each of the 13 West African countries. Then, we employed panel data estimation techniques to examine the overall effect of the quality of institutions on the economies of the region. Finally, we grouped the 13 countries into French-colonised and British colonised countries following the argument of Acemoglu, Johnson and Robinson (2001,2005) and then examined the impact of institutional quality on the economic growth of these subgroups. Our findings reveal that the effect of institutional variables on the economy of each country varies. Overall, we find that government stability and democratic accountability have a positive and significant influence on economic growth, while control of corruption and socioeconomic conditions have deleterious effects on economic growth. Finally, institutions contribute positively to economic growth in French-colonised countries compared to British-colonised countries. The results imply that there is a need to strengthen institutions in West Africa, especially in former British colonies.
Outcomes of a Scholarly Activity Curriculum for Family Medicine Residents
Authors: Ravi Tharani , Cruz Inez , Ali Fozia , Burge Sandra K. , Wood Robert , Rodriguez Jasmine
Published: April 2021

Background and Objectives: Scholarship is essential to growth and innovation in family medicine. Moreover, the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education Review Committee-Family Medicine requires family medicine residents to complete scholarly activities. However, many residents lack the training and confidence to successfully conduct such activities. In the year 2014, our residency implemented a scholarly activity curriculum to train our residents to plan, complete, and disseminate research and quality improvement projects. We sought to evaluate the impact of one institution’s scholarly activity curriculum for family medicine residents on resident scholarly activity productivity.
Methods: We reviewed the scholarly activities conducted by our family medicine residents in the 5 years after initiation of the scholarly activity curriculum and compared them to those conducted in the 5 years prior to initiation of the curriculum.
Results: Since 2014, the percentage of residents who coauthored at least one poster increased significantly, from 55.2% in 2009-2014, to 82.5% in 2014-2019 (P<.001). In the academic years 2014 to 2019, residents also coauthored significantly more book chapters compared to the 5 years prior to the curriculum.
Conclusions: Our curriculum has been successful in improving resident scholarly activity productivity as evidenced by a significant increase in the percentage of residents coauthoring posters and the total number of book chapters written by residents.
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Provide an Unlimited T-cell Source for CAR-T cell Development and A Potential Source for Off-the-shelf Products
Authors: Nezhad Muhammad Sadeqi
Published: April 2021

CAR-T cell therapy has been increasingly conducted for cancer patients
in clinical settings. Progress in this therapeutic approach is hampered
by the lack of a solid manufacturing process, T lymphocytes, and
tumor-specific antigens. T-cell source used in CAR-T cell therapy is
predominantly derived from the patient’s own T lymphocytes, which makes
this approach impracticable to patients with progressive diseases and T
leukemia. Autologous CAR-T cell generation is time-consuming due to lack
of readily available T lymphocytes and is not applicable for third-party
patients. Pluripotent stem cells, such as human induced pluripotent stem
cells (hiPSCs), could provide an unlimited T-cell source for CAR-T cell
development. iPSC-derived T cells would be a promising infinite T-cell
source and are phenotypically defined, expandable and functional as
physiological T cells. iPSC-derived T cells provide a feasible T-cell
source for the development of off-the-shelf T cells and CAR-T cells. The
combination of iPSC and CAR-Technologies provides an extraordinary
opportunity to oncology and greatly facilitates cell-based therapy for
cancer patients. T-iPSCs in combination with CAR is in early stage of
development and the pre-clinical and clinical studies concerning the
combination of these novel technologies are not sufficient. This article
critically reviews the progress in iPSC-derived T cell development and
provides a roadmap for development of CAR iPSC-derived T cells and
off-the-shelf T-iPSCs.

Keywords: CAR-T cell; iPSC; T cell; iPSC-derived T cell; tumor
cell; therapeutic; off-the-shelf
Climate variability and density-dependent population dynamics: Lessons from a simple high-Arctic ecosystem
Authors: Fauteux Dominique , Stien Audun , Yoccoz Nigel , Fuglei Eva , Ims Rolf
Published: April 2021

Ecologists are still puzzled by the diverse population dynamics of
herbivorous small mammals that range from high-amplitude, multi-annual
cycles to stable dynamics. Theory predicts that this diversity results
from combinations of climatic seasonality, weather stochasticity and
density-dependent food web interactions. The almost ubiquitous 3-5-yr
cycles in boreal and arctic climates may theoretically result from
bottom-up (plant-herbivore) and top-down (predator-prey) interactions.
Assessing empirically the roles of such interactions, and how they are
influenced by environmental stochasticity, has been hampered by food web
complexity. Here, we take advantage of a uniquely simple High-Arctic
food web, which allowed us to analyze dynamics of a graminivorous vole
population not subjected to top-down regulation. This population
exhibited high-amplitude, non-cyclic fluctuations - partly driven by
weather stochasticity. However, the predominant driver of the dynamics
was direct density dependence, which alternated between being weak in
summer and strong (overcompensatory) in winter that the population
frequently crashed. Model simulations showed that this season-specific
density dependence would yield regular 2-year cycles in absence of
stochasticity. While such short cycles have not yet been observed in
mammals, they are theoretically plausible if graminivorous vole
populations are deterministically bottom-up regulated. When
incorporating weather stochasticity in the model simulations, cyclicity
became disrupted and the amplitude was increased - akin to the observed
dynamics. Our findings contrast with the 3-5-yr population cycles
involving delayed density dependence that are typical of graminivorous
small mammals in more complex food webs, suggesting that top-down
regulation is an important component of such dynamics.
Advancing Efficient and Timely Community Access to SARS-CoV-2 Serology Testing in Europe: a Multi-stakeholder Consensus
Authors: Cantón Rafael , Delaugerre Constance , Hankins Catherine , Jallow Wame , Liebert Uwe Gerd , Villegas Julieta
Published: April 2021

Background: Currently there is no clear consensus on the use,
value, benefits, and impact of serology testing as part of a
comprehensive SARS-CoV-2 testing strategy. The lack of clarity on the
use of this strategy in policies and guidelines may have serious
implications on the efforts to curb the pandemic. The aim of this paper
is to elaborate an experts and community consensus on the use of
serology testing as an effective method to respond to and mitigate the
impact of the pandemic. The recommendations herein can help build
community awareness and guide advocacy strategies.

Methods: A desk review was conducted to inform a working
document that was subject to a multistage process of validation and
feedback by a group of renowned experts. The multi-stakeholder group of
experts, representing the European and international levels, convened to
inform and validate the recommendations.

Results: The consensus offered eight policy recommendations
organized in two main themes. The first group of recommendations
provides guidance on the role and value of serology testing to contain
and understand the COVID-19 pandemic. The second group targets health
system strengthening aspects necessary to support the appropriate
delivery of serology testing.

Conclusions: Recommendations seek to indicate how SARS-CoV-2
serology testing may positively impact national health systems, country
economies and local communities. The pertinence of the recommendations
is to communities in Europe, and beyond, and relevant to multiple
stakeholders. Given the rapidly changing scenario, this set of
recommendations should be considered a live document.
Lower urinary system symptoms and affecting factors in female students living dorm
Authors: Ozcan Handan , Beji Nezihe Kızılkaya
Published: April 2021

Background and aim The aim of the study is to determine the LUTS and the
factors affecting it among young women living in the dormitory. Methods
The study is descriptive and cross-sectional. In the study, a total of
355 women attending education in a public university with a 95%
confidence interval were interviewed. Data were collected using the
descriptive form and the Bristol Female Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms
Scale. Necessary permissions were obtained and appropriate analyzes were
made with the SPSS-22 program. Results The average age of women is
20.21±1.62 (min=18, max=27). 40.8% of the participants have frequent
urinary tract infections, about half (50.7%) of them have no knowledge
about urinary tract infections. 71.6% of women have storage, 29.7%
have urinating, 18.4% have incontinence, 8.8% have sexual life, and
37.2% have symptoms related to quality of life. Factors affecting the
symptoms; history of chronic disease (such as neurological diseases,
depression), smoking, low income, history of urinary incontinence in
childhood, presence of symptoms in the mother or family history, the
presence and number of urinary tract infections, chronic constipation,
and not paying attention to toilet cleaning. Conclusion It is
recommended to carry out community-based studies, to raise awareness of
women, to support priority risk groups by screening, and to increase the
number of specialist healthcare personnel for care and treatment.
Deintensification of land use leads to recovery of soil microbial community composition and function after land use change in Ethiopia
Authors: Delelegn Yoseph , Purahong Witoon , Nawaz Ali , Sandén Hans , Godbold Douglas , Wubet Tesfaye
Published: April 2021

Ethiopia has undergone significant land use change during the past
centuries, particularly deforestation. These changes have resulted in
the loss of topsoil as well as the associated soil ecosystem functions.
Grazing exclusion and planting of eucalyptus are measures used to
recover degraded lands and reduce deforestation, respectively. Using a
gradient of the intensity of land use from natural forest to croplands,
we investigated whether these measures also result in restoration of the
soil microbial community. We identified the soil bacterial and fungal
communities using paired-end amplicon sequencing. A total of 12,765
fungal and 12,325 bacterial OTUs were detected in the five land use
types, and only ca. 2% and 17% were shared among the land uses,
respectively. Total fungal and bacterial OTU richness was not
significantly affected by land use change, but the conversion of forest
to cropland resulted in the loss of approximately 40% and 11% of the
total native fungal and bacterial OTUs, respectively. Soil pH, C, N, and
aggregate stability were key factors corresponding to the overall
bacterial and fungal community compositions. We also showed
relationships between the microbial functional group and enzyme
activities. The exclusion of grazing led to an enrichment of soil
microbial communities that overlapped with the communities of the
natural forest. Our results suggest that remnant native forests act as
refugia for microbial communities and that restoration of microbial
communities and concomitant recovery of ecosystem function via
deintensification of land use is possible. Keywords: ectomycorrhiza,
ericoid mycorrhiza, exclosure, microbial diversity, soil enzymes
A proof of the completeness of Lamb modes
Authors: Akian Jean-Luc
Published: April 2021

The aim of this paper is to give a precise proof of the completeness of
Lamb modes and associated modes. This proof is relatively simple and
short but relies on two powerful mathematical theorems. The first one is
a theorem on elliptic systems with a parameter due to Agranovich and
Vishik. The second one is a theorem due to Locker which gives a
criterion to show the completeness of the set of generalized
eigenvectors of a Hilbert-Schmidt discrete operator.
Identification of an unbounded bi-periodic interface for the inverse fluid-solid interaction problem
Authors: Cui Yanli , Qu Fenglong , Wei Changkun
Published: April 2021

This paper is concerned with the inverse scattering of acoustic waves by
an unbounded periodic elastic medium in the three-dimensional case. A
novel uniqueness theorem is proved for the inverse problem of recovering
a bi-periodic interface between acoustic and elastic waves using the
near-field data measured only from the acoustic side of the interface,
corresponding to a countably infinite number of quasi-periodic incident
acoustic waves. The proposed method depends only on a fundamental a
priori estimate established for the acoustic and elastic wave fields and
a new mixed-reciprocity relation established in this paper for the
solutions of the fluid-solid interaction scattering problem.
Establishing a surrogate model for inactivation of enveloped viruses to screen viral clearance conditions during biotherapeutics process development
Authors: Feroz Hasin , Cetnar Daniel , Hewlett Robert , Sharma Satish , Holstein Melissa , Ghose Sanchayita , Li Zheng Jian
Published: April 2021

Viral surrogates to screen for virus inactivation (VI) can be a faster,
cheaper and safer alternative to third-party testing of pathogenic BSL2
(Biosafety Level 2) model viruses. Although the bacteriophage surrogate,
Ø6, has been used to assess low pH BSL2 VI, it has not been used for
evaluation of detergent-mediated VI. Furthermore, Ø6 is typically
assayed through host cell infectivity which introduces the risk of
cross-contaminating other cell lines in the facility. To circumvent
contamination, we developed an in-house RT-qPCR (reverse transcriptase
quantitative polymerase chain reaction) assay for selective detection of
active Ø6 from a population of live and dead phage. The RT-qPCR assay
was used to evaluate Ø6 inactivation in cell culture fluid of monoclonal
antibody and fusion protein. Complementary Ø6 infectivity was also
conducted at a third-party testing facility. The Ø6 RT-qPCR and
infectivity data was modeled against VI of three BSL2 viruses, X- MuLV,
A- MuLV and HSV-1 in corresponding therapeutics. Both Ø6 methods
demonstrate that any VI agent showing Ø6 clearance of ≥ 2.5 logs would
demonstrate complete BSL2 VI of ≥ 4.0 logs. Compared to BSL2 virus
testing, this in-house Ø6 RT-qPCR tool can screen VI agents at 5% the
cost and a turnaround time of 2-3 days versus 4-7 months.
New regular numeral symbols from one to septillion
Authors: Qin Yiren , Cao Guangrui
Published: April 2021

Some iconic symbols representing numbers are more animated, picturesque, and impressive. Here we describe a kind of new numeral symbols from one to septillion. These symbols are regular and simple. Meanwhile it is easy to write and remember these number symbols. They are composed of 27 basic components. After these basic components are regularly combined, simple and effective numeral symbols from one to septillion can be generated. They might be used in games, movies, animations, and even in other arts. People in ancient times often used some complicated symbols to represent numbers. The development of numeral symbols went through a process from complex to simple. Up to now, the most commonly used number symbols are Arabic numerals. However, some iconic symbols representing numbers are more animated, picturesque, and impressive. These symbols might be used in games, movies, animations, and even in other arts. Here we describe a kind of new numeral symbols from one to septillion. These symbols are regular and simple. Meanwhile it is easy to write and remember these number symbols. They are composed of 27 basic components. After a regular combination, simple and effective numeral symbols from one to septillion can be generated.
A Conceptual Model of Business Intelligence System Adoption for the Textile and Apparel Industry in Pakistan
Authors: Ahmad Sumera , Miskon Suraya
Published: April 2021

Textile and Apparel (T&A) industry is the backbone of Pakistani economy, including one-fourth of the industrial sector, and comprises 40% of industrial employees and approximately 60% share of Pakistani exports. Although, industry is striving hard to compete in international market; a persistent stream of innovation is required to maintain its due share in recent quota free global trade of textiles. Business Intelligence (BI) system is one of the most-used buzzwords in the modern business landscape for well informed decision making. In spite of the great synergies and benefits, BI system grant to the businesses and organizations. The adoption level is low with high failure ratio, especially in developing countries. Further, researchers did not propose any theory or model for the T & A industry. This study aims to fill this gap by conducting a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) for identifying the most appropriate factors, theory and model for the current study. Total of 75 studies were selected which were published during the period of 2011-2020. A conceptual model is developed with most potential factors by using Technology-Organization-Environment (TOE) framework. This conceptual model will guide the policy makers and industry practitioners to integrate and adopt the BI system successfully that would helpful to achieve competitive edge in the international business markets.
An Integrated Approach for the Operational Design of a Cellular Manufacturing System
Authors: Maroof Ayesha , Tariq Adnan , Noor Sahar
Published: April 2021

Shorter product life cycles, unpredictable demand patterns and the ever-shrinking time to market, have been constantly keeping the manufacturing firms under a lot of pressure. To face these challenges the manufacturing organizations have been shifting to Cellular Manufacturing (CM) due to its benefits of reducing manufacturing costs, increasing flexibility and delivering orders on time. Despite having several benefits, designing a Cellular Manufacturing System (CMS) for a real-life application is a tough ask. The main challenge is the part-machine grouping in cells. It becomes even more challenging when the group scheduling (GS) problem is handled alongside the part-machine clustering. To take up this challenge, an integrated model is developed during this research which handles the machine-part grouping and the GS problems, simultaneously. To optimize the multiple objectives of maximizing Grouping Efficacy (GE) and minimizing Makespan (Cmax), concurrently, a Hybrid Genetic Algorithm (HGA) based approach is developed. The proposed technique is validated through the famous benchmark problems, unlike the several approaches already available in literature. The computational results have shown that the integrated approach, presented in this paper, is more effective as compared to a sequential technique. Also, its accuracy remains intact even if it is applied to large sized problems.
An Arabic Mispronunciation Detection System Based on the Frequency of Mistakes for Asian Speakers
Authors: Nazir Faria , Majeed Muhammad Nadeem , Ghazanfar Mustansar Ali , Maqsood Muazzam
Published: April 2021

Over the last few decades, the field of artificial intelligence and machine learning has evolved. Due to the advancement in these fields, much work has been done to assist language learning with the help of computers called Computer-Assisted Language Learning (CALL). Mispronunciation detection is one of the significant tasks of the CALL system. An efficient mispronunciation detection model has a positive impact on the life of second language learners by providing phoneme level feedback. In this paper, we introduce the phone grouping technique for mispronunciation detection that is based on mistakes probability. We consider mispronunciation detection as a classification problem, traditionally for this purpose, a separate classifier is trained for each phoneme mistake that requires a lot of memory and time. Instead of training a separate classifier, we group the phoneme based on their mistakes probability that helps in reducing the number of the classifiers to be trained and also saves memory and time. We use the Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier and test the results on the Arabic dataset (28 Phonemes). The performance of our proposed method is evaluated by using accuracy. The results of the model are evaluated using the confusion matrix and gives an accuracy of 88%. Our approach outperforms the existing systems developed for Arabic phonemes in terms of accuracy and is also time/memory efficient.
Privacy Preservation for On-Chain Data in the Permission less Blockchain using Symmetric Key Encryption and Smart Contract
Authors: Ziar Riaz Ahmad , Irfanullah Syed , Khan Wajid Ullah , Salam Abdus
Published: April 2021

Blockchain technology provides several suitable characteristics such as immutability, decentralization and verifiable ledger. It records the transactions in a decentralized way and can be integrated into several fields like eHealth, e-Government and smart cities etc. However, blockchain has several privacy and security issues, one of them is the on-chain data privacy. To deal with this issue we provide a privacy-preserving solution for permission less blockchain to empower the user to take control of transaction data in the open ledger. This work focuses on designing and developing the peer-to-peer system using symmetric cryptography and ethereum smart contract. In this scheme, we create smart contracts for the interaction of the data provider, data consumer, and access control list. Data providers register authorized users in the access control list. Data consumers can check their validity in the access control list. After successful validation, data consumers can request the security key from data providers to access secret information. Based on successful validation, a smart contract that is created between the data provider and data consumer is executed to send a key to the data consumer for accessing the secret information. The smart contracts of this proposed model are modeled in solidity, and the performance of the contracts is assessed in the Ropsten test network.
Clustering of IoT Devices Using Device Profiling and Behavioral Analysis to Build Efficient Network Policies
Authors: Hamza Muhammad , M. Geelani Syed Mashhad , Nawaz Qamar , Kabir Asif , Hamid Isma
Published: April 2021

The Internet of Things (IoT) has emerged as a new paradigm, and billions of devices are connected with the internet. IoT is being penetrated in major domains of daily life like health care, agriculture, industry, smart homes and monitoring of the environment. The operator of such complex, huge and diverse heterogeneous networks may not even be fully aware of their IoT devices working, activity, behavior and resource utilization etc. The efficient management of IoT devices becomes a challenge for network managers to ensure smooth network operation. Network traffic analysis of IoT devices is a necessary and rudimentary tool to understand the behavior of devices. In this paper firstly, we identify insights of device network traffic, discuss the activity patterns of some IoT devices and present a visual description of the pattern of IoT devices. Secondly, after analyzing the device's behavior, we build and demonstrate a profile of each device based on its activity cycle and traffic patterns information. Thirdly, the K-Means clustering algorithm is used to make clusters of IoT devices using their profile information. The clustering algorithm groups similar devices in a single group. The obtained results clearly describe the patterns of devices which help the network managers to make appropriate network policies for efficient secure network management.
Thumb Inclination-Based Manipulation and Exploration, a Machine Learning Based Interaction Technique for Virtual Environments
Authors: Raees Muhammad , Ullah Sehat , Rehman Inam Ur , Azhar Muhammad
Published: April 2021

In the context of Virtual Reality (VR), interactions refer to the plausible actions in a Virtual Environment (VE). To have an engrossing interface, interactions by the gestures of hand are becoming prominent. With thisresearch work, a novel interaction technique is proposed where interactions are performed on the basis of the position of thumb in dynamic image stream. The technique needs no expensive tracker but an ordinary camera to trace hand movements and position of thumb. The interaction tasks are enacted in distinct interaction states, where the Angle of Inclination (AOI) of thumb is used for state-to-state transition. The angle is computed dynamically between the tip-of-thumb and the base of the Region of Interest (ROI) of an input image. The technique works in two phases: learning phase and application phase. In the learning phase, user-defined fist-postures with distinct AOI are learnt. The Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier is trained by the AOI of the postures. In the application phase, interactions are performed in distinct interaction states whereas a particular state is activated by posing the known posture. To follow the trajectory of thumb, dynamic mapping is performed to control a virtual hand by the position of thumb in the input image. The technique is implemented in a Visual Studio project called Thumb-Based Interaction for Virtual Environments (TIVE). The project was evaluated by a group of 15 users in a moderate lighting condition. The 89.7% average accuracy rate of the evaluation proves suitability of the technique in the wide range VR applications.
Water, Sanitation and Hygiene Resources Available at Higher Education Institutes of Sindh and Students’ Satisfaction
Authors: Rehman Ubed Ur , Ahmed Jamil , Maher Rasool Bux , Yasmeen Aneela
Published: April 2021

Mehran University Research Journal of Engineering and Technology Vol. 40, No. 2, 383 - 391, April 2021 p-ISSN: 0254-7821, e-ISSN: 2413-7219 DOI: 10.22581/muet1982.2102.12 This is an open access article published by Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro under CC BY 4.0 International License. 383 Water, Sanitation and Hygiene Resources Available at Higher Education Institutes of Sindh and Students’ Satisfaction Ubed Ur Rehman1a, Jamil Ahmed1b, Rasool Bux Maher1c, Aneela Yasmeen2RECEIVED ON 13.02.2019, ACCEPTED ON 03.05.2019 ABSTRACT The present study was focused on the available Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) facilities and students’ satisfaction in three public and two private Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) of Hyderabad and Jamshoro city. This cross-sectional study recorded WASH facilities in 21 departments of 5-HEIs and satisfaction appraisal of 630 students in total. The survey was also supplemented with quality analysis of Point of Use (PoU) drinking water. The results revealed that the overall 85.7 and 47.6% contamination of the drinking water samples were recorded due to total and thermo-tolerant coliforms, respectively. Further, physiochemical parameters were found in the permissible limits as provided by the World Health Organization (WHO) and arsenic was not detected in any of the water samples. In total 25% of the toilet facilities were found non-functional. All monitored HEIs were found having sufficient quantity of water however, 95% hand-washing stations did not supply soap/ detergent for hand-washing. Moreover, this study divulges that there is a significant relationship between WASH facilities like water quality (χ2= 7.55*; p=0.023), toilets functioning (χ2= 45.39**; p=0.002), and washing facilities (χ2= 37.29**; p=0.000) in HEIs and student’s satisfaction in HEIs. Thus, it can be concluded that the poor WASH facilities in HEIs could affect the students’ satisfaction leading to affect their performance in the studies, negatively.
The effect of age, birth weight and milk suction time on some carcass characteristics and load distribution ratio (LDR): Eastern Anatolian red cattle example in Turkey
Authors: Yüksel Sadrettin , Karaçuhalılar Alpay , Balta Burcuhan , Şimşek Usame , Yüksel Fatma , Memiş Müslüme , Çelik Mevlüt
Published: April 2021

The aim of this research is to evaluate the current situation and create a
model for some countries involved in animal production. Eastern Anatolian
Red (EAR) breed that adapts to arid and barren areas has been raised in
Turkey. The experimental animals comprised 31 head of EAR cows of different
ages, fed on pastures and in the barn. This study determined the effects of
age, birth weight and suction time on carcass characteristics of EAR cows.
The animals were divided into 6 groups based on birth weight, 4 groups based
on age and 6 groups based on milk suction time. They were reared under a
conventional system that was based on grazing during summer and a
semi-intensive system during winter. Carcass length, fat thickness over
longissimus dorsi, marbling score, and LDR were significantly (P< 0.05)
affected by age group. Significant (P< 0.05) differences were noted for
carcass length, fat thickness over LD, and marbling score among animals with
different birth weights. The milk suction time had a significant (P< 0.05)
effect on all the parameters measured. In this research, the 4th age group
was seen advantageous based on carcass characteristics and LDR and resembled
other groups. As indicated in the study, the carcass characteristic output
from the 2nd birth weight group shows that carcass length was a far more
important output than other carcass portions or carcass quality parameters.
Similarly, the 1st group based on milk suction time came to the forefront
for some carcass characteristic, although it indicated partial similarity
with other groups.
Nanoparticle shape effect on the natural-convection heat transfer of hybrid nanofluid inside a U-shaped enclosure
Authors: Asmadi Muhammad , Siri Zailan , Kasmani Ruhaila , Saleh Habibis
Published: April 2021

The effect of nanoparticle shape on the natural-convection heat transfer of Cu-Al2O3-water hybrid nanofluid inside a U-shaped enclosure is presented in this paper. The governing equations are transformed into the dimensionless form using dimensionless variables. A three-node triangular finite element method is used with the Newton-Raphson method to solve the problem numerically. The streamlines and isotherms as well as the local and average Nusselt numbers are presented for the fluid-flow with Rayleigh number of 104 to 106. It is found that blade nanoparticle shape produces the highest heat transfer rate while sphere is the lowest.