bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Les systèmes bancaires des pays arabes sud-méditerranéens
Authors: Jaidi Larabi
Published: May 2020

Les systèmes financiers des pays arabes du Sud de la Méditerranée ont connu de profondes mutations ces deux dernières décennies. La crise financière internationale et les tensions politiques de la région ont mis en lumière la résilience, mais aussi les fragilités internes des systèmes financiers. Dans cette région, l'efficacité du système bancaire dans l'exercice de ses fonctions d'intermédiation constitue l'un des enjeux prioritaires pour relever les défis du financement d'une croissance accélérée et inclusive. Les changements intervenus dans la structure du capital, l'internationalisation des banques et l'émergence de la banque participative y ont contribué favorablement. Néanmoins ces systèmes financiers restent dominés par les banques commerciales appliquant des modèles de financement classiques. Ces modèles ont entraîné un faible accès des PME aux financements notamment par manque de produits alternatifs. En dépit de la progression dans les régulations macro et microprudentielles, les défis restent encore posés aux systèmes bancaires pour garantir une stabilité financière pérenne. Ces défis sont liés à la complexité de la transposition des normes de Bâle III. À cela s'ajoutent les préoccupations résultant de l'inclusion financière, de la gestion des innovations en technologie financière, de la cybersécurité. Le souci des régulateurs est de trouver l'équilibre entre les priorités internes de financement des économies et la transposition de normes internationales de plus en plus strictes dans la réglementation interne. Classification JEL : G28, O16, O43, O55.
L'inclusion financière au Moyen-Orient et au Maghreb : défis et opportunités
Authors: Mekouar Youssef , Robert Juliette
Published: May 2020

Malgré une croissance régulière de leur rayonnement au cours de la dernière décennie, les pays du bassin méditerranéen continuent d'être en retard par rapport à leurs voisins en termes d'ampleur, de taille et de diversité du secteur financier. Dans l'ensemble de la région, il subsiste un énorme fossé entre la demande et l'offre de services financiers : près de 100 millions d'adultes sont toujours en dehors du système financier formel, et les segments de la population qui sont exclus des marchés financiers sont également les plus vulnérables sur le plan économique. Le contexte politique (soulèvements majeurs de 2011), la méfiance des acteurs financiers vis-à-vis du « bas de la pyramide », la réglementation contraignante autour de la microfinance ou encore la méconnaissance de l'offre financière par les potentiels bénéficiaires expliquent cette inclusion financière limitée. Néanmoins, dans le sillage du printemps arabe, de nombreux gouvernements ont pris conscience de l'importance d'améliorer l'accès aux services financiers et mettent à jour leurs cadres réglementaires. L'arrivée de nouveaux acteurs (opérateurs mobiles, réseaux d'agents, établissement de paiement) favorise également les avancées et les innovations financières sur le bassin, et permettra peut-être, bientôt, aux pays méditerranéens d'inclure dans le système financier formel leurs populations encore exclues. Classification JEL : G21, O16, O25, O55.
Réforme financière et mutations de comportement : la problématique de l'épargne financière au Maroc
Authors: Cherradi Hicham , Tounsi Said
Published: May 2020

La canalisation de l'épargne financière vers le secteur productif est une préoccupation centrale pour financer la croissance des pays de la rive sud de la Méditerranée et éviter de recourir à un endettement extérieur susceptible de remettre en cause les équilibres macroéconomiques. Paradoxalement, il existe au niveau de cette région une carence de statistiques permettant d'appréhender l'épargne financière. Le Maroc fait partie des pays qui ont engagé, depuis la deuxième moitié de la décennie 1990, des réformes de structure de son système financier les plus importantes à travers la modernisation du cadre légal et réglementaire et des infrastructures techniques. Toutefois, les mutations de comportement des acteurs tardent à se manifester. Le volume des actifs financiers drainés par le système financier marocain est l'un des plus important de la région sud-Méditerranée, mais ce dernier reste largement dominé par les entreprises financières. Peu de ménages détiennent des instruments financiers à cause principalement de leur niveau d'endettement, des inégalités de revenus et des distorsions fiscales. L'enjeu pour les pouvoirs publics serait d'élargir la base des épargnants notamment par l'introduction de nouveaux instruments financiers, l'éducation financière et la révision du système de retraite par répartition.  Classification JEL : G23, O16, O43, O55.
Les Sukuk souverains : une réelle alternative pour le financement des infrastructures en Afrique subsaharienne ?
Authors: Bouslama Ghassen
Published: May 2020

Le marché des obligations islamiques a déjà prouvé son intérêt comme une source de financement viable pour les secteurs privé et public. Il connaît depuis dix ans une très forte croissance, aussi bien dans le monde musulman qu'ailleurs. Les obligations islamiques sont des instruments flexibles qui peuvent être une réelle alternative au financement des projets d'infrastructure du continent africain. Récemment, plusieurs pays du continent ont adopté ce type d'instruments et d'autres ont annoncé leur volonté d'en émettre. Cependant, plusieurs défis restent à surmonter pour que l'émission de Sukuk en Afrique subsaharienne devienne une alternative viable. Cet article présente les progrès réalisés en termes d'émissions de Sukuk . Il présente également les avantages d'un tel instrument pour le financement des projets d'infrastructure et les défis, juridiques et techniques, qui restent à surmonter en Afrique. Classification JEL : G23, G28, O16, 055.
Agroalimentaire. Les défis à relever par l’innovation face à la transition alimentaire
Authors: Majou Didier
Published: May 2020

Les attentes des consom’acteurs évoluent fortement du fait des modifications des modes de vie, de consommation et de distribution, ainsi que des médias et des outils de notation. Les entreprises doivent anticiper ces nouvelles demandes qui sont rapidement introduites sur les marchés. Ainsi, les industries alimentaires, dans les différentes étapes de formulation, transformation et conservation, y compris l’emballage, de leurs produits sont confrontées à des défis d’innovation complexes. Pour des raisons de santé, des produits sont reformulés ou créés sur mesure pour répondre aux besoins de populations spécifiques. Les fonctions des emballages doivent s’enrichir, tout en étant toujours plus sûrs. Entre innovation et tradition, les industries alimentaires doivent s’approprier les bénéfices de la transformation digitale, tant en termes d’utilisation de capteurs in situ pour de nouveaux paramètres que de traitement et d’interopérabilité des données acquises pour parfaire la maîtrise des procédés. Avec ces équipements « intelligents », les cobots et les exosquelettes auront un rôle essentiel à jouer afin d’atténuer la pénibilité des tâches. Ces processus créatifs doivent intégrer, dès l’origine, une démarche d’écoconception qui soit source d’innovation et de différenciation au travers d’une approche positive de l’environnement.
De l’apport du numérique en matière de transparence alimentaire
Authors: Volpi Stefano , Roper Maxine
Published: May 2020

Face aux scandales alimentaires qui se sont succédé depuis les années 1990, la méfiance des consommateurs envers leur alimentation s’est accrue de façon importante. Pour les producteurs, les industriels et les marques, l’enjeu n’est plus seulement de donner envie d’acheter leurs produits parce qu’ils sont bons. Il leur faut désormais convaincre que leurs produits sont sans danger, sains, et surtout, que le produit est réellement conforme à ce qui est inscrit sur son étiquette. Pour garder leurs parts de marché tout au long de cette décennie 2020, les marques devront regagner la confiance des consommateurs. Mais pour cela, ils doivent être capables de contrôler la qualité de leurs produits tout au long de la filière de production, de façon continue et en temps réel. Car, si les certifications se sont multipliées, l’enjeu est de contrôler le respect réel de ces certifications par tous les acteurs de la chaîne. Alors que le monde vit sa troisième révolution industrielle, le numérique peut être utilisé pour améliorer les processus de traçabilité et pour rendre plus transparentes les chaînes alimentaires. Ce papier explore les différentes solutions disponibles et déjà utilisées par certains acteurs de l’agroalimentaire ou par les consommateurs eux-mêmes.
Vers des systèmes alimentaires durables
Authors: Chevassus-au-Louis Bernard
Published: May 2020

Les systèmes alimentaires mis en place dans les pays développés au cours du XX e  siècle peuvent-ils répondre aux objectifs d’un développement durable ? Peut-on en concevoir de nouveaux s’appuyant davantage sur les ressources de leur territoire et sur la biodiversité ? Quels sont les principes mais aussi les limites de l’agroécologie ? Comment favoriser la mise en place de ces nouveaux systèmes, en évitant l’écueil du « localisme » ?
Vers une relocalisation des systèmes de production alimentaire ? Du localisme alimentaire à la bio-économie territoriale
Authors: Callois Jean-Marc
Published: May 2020

Quelle réalité se cache derrière la vogue du retour au « local » dans l’alimentation ? Dans cet article, nous nous proposons d’examiner la réalité et la pertinence de ce « retour au territoire » en matière d’alimentation. Après avoir étudié les différents arguments en faveur ou en défaveur de cette relocalisation de l’alimentation, nous montrons que, malgré une tendance avérée, il n’existe pas de mouvement massif en ce sens, et que cette relocalisation prend des formes hétérogènes qui traduisent des modèles sous-jacents très différents. Nous concluons en défendant le point de vue que plutôt que de pousser à une relocalisation massive de l’alimentation, c’est vers la captation de tout le potentiel de la valorisation locale des bio-ressources que les politiques publiques devraient tendre.
Les stratégies de valorisation des coopératives laitières selon les territoires
Authors: Lacombe Damien
Published: May 2020

Depuis sa création au début des années 1990, la coopérative Sodiaal poursuit un but principal : créer le maximum de valeur ajoutée à redistribuer à ses associés-coopérateurs, en tirant le meilleur de nos territoires laitiers riches de leur diversité et en contribuant à la pérennité d’un tissu économique dynamique sur l’ensemble du territoire. Cette recherche constante passe par le développement de nouveaux produits, de nouvelles marques ou de nouvelles segmentations, ainsi que par le renforcement des positions de la coopérative sur des segments de marchés créateurs de valeur ajoutée. Pour assurer ses missions au quotidien, la coopérative a également besoin de coordination entre ses actions en tant qu’acteur économique et les politiques publiques.
Harmony, le programme pionnier de Mondelēz International pour valoriser la filière du blé durable en France
Authors: Pourcelot Mickaël , Doinel Cécile , Dizien Caroline , Mevel Gildas
Published: May 2020

La démarche Harmony a été initiée en 2008 par Mondelēz International, le leader mondial de la fabrication de biscuits. Il s’agit d’un programme de production durable de blé conduit en partenariat avec des agriculteurs français et européens. La charte Harmony, qui regroupe 34 bonnes pratiques agricoles, a pour but de réduire l’empreinte environnementale du blé utilisé dans la fabrication des biscuits des différentes marques du Groupe. Depuis 2016, grâce à une méthodologie éprouvée et à l’usage d’outils numériques pointus, les résultats environnementaux et économiques des parcelles Harmony sont comparés à une référence locale et nationale. Depuis le démarrage de ce programme, certaines pratiques recommandées dans la charte, comme le choix variétal, la gestion raisonnée de la fertilisation ou l’allongement des rotations, ont montré des intérêts agronomiques significatifs.
Les enjeux systémiques de la logistique dans la filière céréalière française
Authors: Bournigal Jean-Marc , Ferenczi Nicolas
Published: May 2020

Pour la filière céréalière française qui collecte et traite chaque année 64 Mt de grains, la logistique est un facteur-clé de compétitivité. Si son infrastructure et son organisation en termes de collecte, de stockage et de transport routier, fluvial et maritime ont permis à la France d’être l’un des pays les plus performants, les progrès réalisés par ses concurrents et les retards en matière d’investissements dans certaines infrastructures imposent d’accomplir aujourd’hui de réels efforts pour optimiser le fonctionnement et les coûts de la chaîne logistique. Les apports du numérique, la segmentation croissante de marchés plus exigeants, l’avènement de politiques publiques environnementales plus restrictives et la prise de conscience de l’importance de certains nouveaux modes d’organisation collective des acteurs sont autant d’opportunités et de leviers pour améliorer la compétitivité de la filière logistique céréalière française.
A systematic review on business analytics
Authors: Yin Jiarui , Fernandez Vicenc
Published: May 2020

Purpose: Business analytics, a buzzword of the recent decade, has been applied by thousands of enterprises to help generate more values and enhance their business performance. However, many aspects of business analytics remain unclear. This study clarifies the definition of business analytics combined with its functionality and the relation between business analytics and business intelligence. Moreover, we illustrate the applications of business analytics in both business areas and industry sectors and shed light on the education in business analytics. Ultimately, to facilitate future research, we summarize several research techniques used in the literature reviewed.Design/methodology/approach: We set well-established selection criteria to select relevant literature from two widely recognized databases: Scopus and Web of Science. Afterward, we reviewed the literature and coded relevant sections in an inductive way using MAXQDA. Then we compared and synthesized the coded information.Findings: There are mainly four findings. Firstly, according to the bibliometric analysis, literature about business analytics is growing exponentially. Secondly, business analytics is a system that enabled by machine learning techniques aiming at promoting the efficiency and performance of an organization by supporting the decision-making process. Thirdly, the application of business analytics is comprehensive, not only in specific areas of a company but also in different industry sectors. Finally, business analytics is interdisciplinary, and the successful training should involve technical, analytical, and business skills.Originality/value: This systematic review, as a synthesis of the current research on business analytics, can serve as a quick guide for new researchers and practitioners in the field, while experienced scholars can also benefit from this work, taking it as a practical reference.
Current Concepts in the Treatment of Articular Cartilage Defects
Authors: Minas Tom , Nehrer Stefan
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACT
El turismo y la construcción de los paisajes urbanos
Authors: Hernández-Ramírez Javier
Published: May 2020

Los estudios turísticos contemporáneos subrayan el papel de las movilidades y las prácticas de la nueva generación de consumidores de ciudad en la construcción de las áreas turísticas urbanas. En el presente trabajo se sugiere que la investigación debería abordar, además, el papel que desempeñan las administraciones públicas en la creación de sugestivos destinos. Este mar-co analítico se centra en la investigación de las políticas públicas que persiguen encauzar los flujos turísticos globales para sus propósitos de desarrollo local. Paralelamente se señala que los destinos se emplazan en lugares con temporalidad, lo que exige adoptar una mirada diacrónica que atienda a las exclusiones, adaptaciones y reacciones sociales inherentes a los procesos de producción del espacio turístico.
El Derecho al territorio como base de la justicia cognitiva
Authors: Nates-Cruz Beatríz
Published: May 2020

El derecho al territorio no es un asunto meramente jurídico, es, sobre todo, un argumento cultural de la conducta socioespacial que da concepto, regulación y establecimiento a las relaciones sociales. Este artículo sitúa el derecho y la justicia como categorías explicativas, en la medida en que permiten establecer, en nuestro caso, etnográficamente, los factores que orientan su producción y reivindicación a través de hechos que dan cuenta de una sociedad, de su geografía y de su historia (hechos territoriales). La justicia a la que hacemos referencia es cognitiva, por ello se entiende, un conjunto multidimensional de conoci-mientos situados (o de lugares que producen conocimientos) para el saber estar. El presente artículo abordará esta postura a partir de dos investigaciones desarrolladas en distintos proyectos realizados entre 2011 y 2017 en los Andes Centrales de Colombia, bajo los temas: «escenarios de postconflicto en Colombia» y, «reconfiguración antropoecoambiental». Las tecnologías y materiales culturales que presentamos están en el ámbito de las escalas territoriales desde un análisis de la antropología del territorio.
El islam en el espacio público madrileño
Authors: Salguero Montaño Óscar , Hejazi Hután
Published: May 2020

Casi treinta años después de la inauguración de la primera gran mezquita del Madrid contemporáneo, la de Abu Bakr en el barrio de Estrecho, la apertura de lugares de culto como primer espacio comunitario no es ya siempre la principal y exclu­siva demanda de las comunidades musulmanas en el espacio urbano, entre las cuales se encuentran ahora su visibilización en el espacio público, resultado en gran medida de la consolidación e institucionalización del tejido asociativo islámico y de un progre­sivo, aunque lento, reconocimiento institucional. Este texto repasa el pasado-presente de este proceso, para a continuación con­textualizarlo en el actual marco político y normativo donde se insertan dos estudios de caso de utilización de los espacios públicos por comunidades musulmanas coincidiendo con alguna festividad religiosa: la celebración por la comunidad bangladesí del Eid al-Fitr en las canchas deportivas municipales del barrio multicultural de Lavapiés; y la conmemoración por la Fundación Alulbeyt España, una organización chií duodecimana, del martirio del Imam Husain en la céntrica Puerta de Sol.
Managing Innovation
Authors: Tan Siao Fong
Published: May 2020

This study emphasizes the overview of technology innovation that comprises the definition and the technological innovation categories distinction; the overview of consumer attitude towards product innovation focused on the consumer demand on innovative products, the stimulus purchasing factor, and the consumer satisfactory factors over product innovation; overview of sustainability innovation; innovation management as part of the strategic management; and challenges on innovative strategy formulation and implementation. Innovation strategy formulation requires detailed assessments on potential technological advancement, consumers' attitudes on innovative products, and sustainability impact on innovative initiatives. Innovation strategy is perceived as part of the strategic management, and the implementation depends on intra-organizational factors. The employee innovation adoptions as the connection between technological innovation, consumer behavior towards product innovation, and innovative sustainability for innovation strategy formulation can be further studied.
The Implication of Sustainability Innovation
Authors: Shukor Izwan
Published: May 2020

In the past, the economy was solely dependent on natural resources, but it moved to manufacturing and is now focusing on service delivery. Government roles in implementing policies are needed in order to ensure natural resources are transformed. The production of business delivery is getting more innovative; therefore, research and development are aligned with the goals for sustainability.
Generalized Fractional Ostrowski's Type Inequalities Involving Riemann-Liouville Fractional Integration
Authors: Qayyum Ather , Shoaib Muhammad
Published: May 2020

Fractional calculus has applications in many practical problems such as electromagnetic waves, visco-elastic systems, quantum evolution of complex systems, diffusion waves, physics, engineering, finance, social sciences, economics, mathematical biology, and chaos theory. Theories of inequality are growing rapidly; the fractional version of Ostrowski's type inequality is one of them. In this chapter, the author firstly presents some generalized Montgomery identities for Riemann-Liouville fractional integrals, which are designed by using a new and special type of Peano kernels. Secondly, inequalities via convex function are also discussed. In addition, some general fractional representation formulae are studied for a function in terms of the fractional Riemann-Liouville integrals of different orders and its ordinary derivatives. Moreover, by utilizing Montgomery identities, some new fractional versions of Ostrowski's type integral inequalities are established. Some well-known results are deduced as special cases from the results are developed here.
The Vagina Apocalypse
Authors: Rich Kate
Published: May 2020

Intrauterine devices (IUDs) have been the subject of contentious debate on all sides of the political spectrum. In response, many have created various IUD-related texts that are not only controversial, but allude to apocalyptic themes. Apocalyptic discourse has previously been studied in relation to religion, mass media, the environment, and masculinity. The feminist or even feminine style apocalypse, however, has yet to be explored. Widespread feminist movements use the apocalyptic genre to communicate dystopian urgency about women's reproductive rights. Simultaneously, alternative medicine movements are a source of persuasive texts that both co-opt feminist themes while making use of apocalyptic genre to deter women from certain birth control methods. This chapter analyzes feminist texts in the alternative medicine movement through the Instagram accounts positioned against IUDs to evidence how the feminist apocalyptic genre functions. Greater implications for apocalyptic genre, medical discourse, and feminist symbolism will be addressed.
Creating a Sense of Belonging for Black American Students
Authors: Cox Michelle R.
Published: May 2020

The academic achievement of Black American students can be positively impacted by the educational supports that they receive by educators in school. Black students continue to experience systemic barriers to school, such as harsher school discipline, being at risk of being raised in a single-parent household, and living in poverty, more than any other group. Therefore, it is crucial to inform teachers how to support their unique culmination of challenges. To support Black American students in school, teachers must provide a sense of belonging, which includes cultural competence, development of support systems, affirmations, and positive messages. This chapter presents obstacles for Black American students and strategies for teachers to create an educational environment in which Black American students feel a sense of belonging.
Grip of Mature and Fresh Concrete with Heat Treatment in Winter Conditions
Authors: Molodin V.V. , Sarafyan S.E. , Kasyanova D.S.
Published: May 2020

Port infrastructure facilities, located in cold climatic zones in contact with sea water, are destroyed due to carbonation of concrete and sulfide corrosion. The restoration of the reinforcement protective layer by standard methods does not provide high-quality grip of the concrete structures that has undergone destruction and the repair concrete. The study of the “old” and “new” concrete grip using forced heating of the “new” one shows that mixing water with cement clinker components dissolved in it penetrates through the pores and capillaries deep into the “old” concrete to a depth of 60–70 mm under the temperature factor influence. After hardened concrete got its standard strength, it exceeds concrete grip, hardened under normal conditions by 30%.
Work Head for 3D Printing of Insulated Walls from One-Stage Polystyrene Concrete
Authors: Molodin V.V. , Vasenkov E.V. , Timin P.L.
Published: May 2020

The 3D printer technology of insulating walls, using the technology of one-stage polystyrene concrete laid with electric heating of the initial mixture is described. This technology test’s results, confirming the possibility of layer-by-layer molding of the insulated wall with the bead polystyrene’s filler mixture was subjected to electro thermal treatment directly in the working head of the 3D printer were carried out. Polystyrene swells, changing the thermal characteristics of the material and, at the same time, compacting the mixture, and the 3D printer forms a quick-hardening working layer of a wall, being built from the hot mixture that is losing its mobility. The technological features of molding a wall of one-stage polystyrene concrete by a 3D printer, the uniform distribution of polystyrene granules in it and its strength were investigated. The possibility of the proposed technology using in the construction industry was proved.
Influence of Carbon Nanomodifier on the Structure and Properties of the Modified Gypsum Binder
Authors: Matveeva Larisa Yu. , Letenko D.G. , Mokrova M.V.
Published: May 2020

Water-soluble polymer and latex additives are used to give the gypsum building plaster elasticity and placeability, improved water resistance and increased bending strength. The nanomodifiers in the form of carbon single-layer and multi-layer nanotubes, fullerenes and other nanoparticles are used for the formation of the structure of a gypsum stone with improved strength characteristics and improved weather resistance. In this work, the joint effect of the plasticizer based on polycarboxylate and the carbon nanomodifier on the structure, physicomechanical properties, and water resistance of the gypsum stone is investigated. It is shown that nanomodifiers contribute to the increase in the plasticizing ability of carboxylate additives, which leads to the significant decrease in the amount of mixing water, and as a result, to the increase in density, decrease in the porosity of the gypsum stone and the increase in its strength characteristics and water resistance.
Warm Asphalt Mixes Based on Polymer-Bitumen Binders
Authors: Yadykina V.V. , Chichigin M.V.
Published: May 2020

The article presents theoretical basis for the use of energy efficient additives for the production of warm asphalt-concrete mixes on the basis of polymer-bitumen binders; the principles are proposed on how to reduce the temperature, when asphalt-concrete is spread by adding energy-efficient additive. It has been established that in terms of its physical and mechanical operational qualities warm Type b polymer asphalt concrete that has been condensed at low temperatures is not inferior to the control samples of asphalt concrete that has been prepared according to the classic recipe.
Firing of Cellular Ceramics from Granulated Foam-Glass
Authors: Fomina O.A. , Stolboushkin А.Yu.
Published: May 2020

It has been presented the study results of the firing process of cellular ceramics from granulated foam glass. The chemical, mineral and granulometric compositions of the raw materials are given. It has been shown the characteristic of ceramic-technological properties of raw materials. The samples were burned from the granulated mixture in the temperature range of 850-1000 ° C. It has been established the change dependence in the physicomechanical properties of cellular ceramic samples on the temperature and firing duration. The results of the study of the macro-and microstructure of cellular ceramics are given. It has been revealed the effect of intensive formation of the pyroplastic phase and the connection between small pores at a temperature of more than 950 ° C. After the enlargement, the cells leave the three-phase ceramic system and it was the increase in the average density of cellular ceramics is 1.4-1.5 times. The influence of a solid glass-ceramic shell along the inner surface of the pores on the decrease in water absorption of cellular ceramics to 6.5-7% is established.
Activation of Diatomaceous Earth Low-Temperature Plasma
Authors: Bruyako Michail , Grigoryeva L.
Published: May 2020

In residential and industrial buildings, a special air environment is formed, which contains gas shaped toxic chemical compounds. A significant part of such substances comes from finishing polymer containing materials. Virtually all polymeric materials release certain toxic chemical compounds into the air. The methods and methods of air cleaning are different. One of the ways to solve the problem associated with providing the required standards for the quality of indoor air is the development and use of new efficient building materials using aggregates that have a high sorption capacity. The paper presents the results of a study of the effect of low temperature non-equilibrium plasma on the sorption characteristics of aggregates based on diatomite earth. Studies have been conducted on samples of natural diatomite and quartz sand. When activated by low temperature nonequilibrium plasma, the structure changes, which leads to an increase in the sorption characteristics of the samples under study.
Study of the Destructive Properties of Biodegradable Wood-Filled Composite Material
Authors: Galyavetdinov Nour R. , Talipova G.A. , Safin Ruslan R.
Published: May 2020

To date, excessive use of non-degradable petrochemical-based polymers has resulted in a serious threat to the environment. In this regard, in recent years, green polymers are receiving more and more attention, because they are biocompatible, biodegradable and resistant in nature. Among these biopolymers, polylactide is considered the most promising alternative to traditional polymers due to its good biodegradability, biocompatibility and thermal stability, acceptable mechanical properties and excellent processability. This article has developed a biodegradable composite material based on polylactide and wood filler, subject to thermal modification. It was established that the addition of the maximum amount of vegetable filler reduces the time of decomposition of the composite, as a result of which it can be used in the packaging, food industry, as well as in agriculture and in everyday life.
Technology of Production of Diamond-Abrasive Composites with Metal Matrix
Authors: Yakovleva S.P. , Makharova S.N. , Vasilyeva M.I.
Published: May 2020

The prospects of using the method of explosive pressing for solving urgent problems of creating high-performance diamond composites for instrumental purposes on binders of powders of fairly cheap materials are substantiated. Purpose of this work is to develop the technology of diamond-abrasive composites synthesis from powders mixtures of natural diamond and widespread low-cost iron-carbon alloys which combines explosive pressing and subsequent short-term high-temperature heating. The processes of varying the compositions of diamond-metal powder mixtures, the parameters of their explosive pressing and the modes of subsequent heat treatment of the resulting compacts are studied. It is shown that the use of explosion energy at the stage of powder briquetting opens up new opportunities for the production of high-performance diamond-containing materials with a matrix of iron-carbon alloy powders. This is due to the specifics of the explosive action which results in the activation of the bonding material which becomes obvious with further high-temperature heating in its intensive hardening and acceleration of diffusion processes. It is revealed that the shock waves create thermobaric conditions that allow for better preservation of the diamond component than with traditional methods of sintering. Samples of abrasive diamond composites with wear resistance corresponding to the level of wear resistance of industrial diamond dressers but with half the consumption of diamond raw materials were obtained.
Studying the Effect of Temperature, Static Load and Nanodimensional Defects on the Mechanical Properties of Polyethylene Film at Uniaxial Extension
Authors: Kupchishin Anatoliy I. , Niyazov Marat N. , Taipova Buvkhan G.
Published: May 2020

The dependence of strain on temperature in polyethylene under various static loads and exposure doses has been studied experimentally. After electron irradiation with doses of 10, 30, 50, 70, and 100 kGy, significant changes in the mechanical properties were observed, which are caused by the formation of nanodefects in the material’s structure. With increasing radiation dose, PE deformation at different temperatures decreases due to destruction in the structure of the polymer material. At the same time, the return deformation increases with increasing dose, indicating a change in the modulus of elasticity (E). The increase in E occurs due to the decrease in the distance between macromolecules in the irradiated structure of the sample. The obtained curves for both non-irradiated and irradiated material are described in an exponential model satisfactorily.
Local Repair of Parts from Polymer Composite Material with the Use of Portable Hot Bonder Control Systems
Authors: Bazheryanu V.V. , Zaychenko I.V. , Zharikova E.P.
Published: May 2020

The object of research is the repair processes of parts made of polymer composite materials using a local heating element. The goal is the development of technology, the selection of equipment for repair of parts and assemblies from polymer composite materials using a local heating element and a vacuum source outside the production area, as part of the aircraft. In the process of performing the work, an analysis and review of the existing equipment for local repair of parts from polymer composite materials was carried out. Equipment for local repair of own and imported production was tested. Based on the results of testing and market analysis, equipment was selected that meets the requirements of ND for the manufacture of parts from polymer composite materials. A technical process for repairing parts using a local heating element and a device for hot gluing has been developed.
Research of Possibility of Application of Hot Tool Flare Welding for Polyethylene Gas Pipelines Construction
Authors: Gerasimov A.I. , Danzanova E.V.
Published: May 2020

At present, when connecting polyethylene pipes for gas pipelines, two basic methods of welding are used: hot tool butt welding and welding with couplings and embedded heater. Hot tool flare welding is mainly used in polymer water supply systems. This paper presents results of research on implementation of this welding method when connecting polyethylene pipes in gas supply systems. It is proposed to use pieces of polyethylene pipes of larger diameter as couplings. Preliminary prolonged tensile tests of obtained welded joints showed effectiveness of this technology when joining polyethylene pipes.
The Effect of Yttrium on the Distributions of Elements in Different Phase Structures and Properties of Chromium White Cast Iron
Authors: Ermakov M.A. , Khosen Ri , Vorobev V.V.
Published: May 2020

The research results on the effect of small additions of yttrium 0-0.3 wt.% on the structure, hardness, microhardness and distribution of elements in various structural components of chromium white cast iron are presented. It has been established that small additions of yttrium contribute to the grain refinement of the carbide phase and the formation of trigonal chromium carbide (Fe,Cr)7C3 in the structure of chromium white cast iron.
Investigation of the Structure and Distribution of Chemical Elements between the Phases of Hard Alloys of the Cr3C2-Ti System, Obtained at Various Modes of Explosive Compaction
Authors: Kharlamov V.O. , Krokhalev Aleksandr Vasilevich , Kuz’min S.V. , Lysak V.I.
Published: May 2020

The Article presents the findings of the studies of the microstructure, chemical and phase composition of the Cr3C2-Ti system alloys obtained by the explosion. Scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive and x-ray diffraction analyses were used. The program Thermo-Calc software was used to calculate the equilibrium phases. The phase composition of the compact was shown to fully correspond to that of the initial powder mixture during explosive pressing in the modes of heating from 300 ̊С to 600 ̊С. When heated above 600 ̊С, the chemical interaction of the initial components begins with the formation of new boundary phases. Meanwhile, there is a change in the sample destruction nature and a significant increase in hardness, which points to the hard alloy consolidation. The increase in the powder mixture heating in shock waves to 1000 ̊С leads to intensive macrochemical interaction of the powder mixture components and to formation of an equilibrium phase composition. The established temperature limits determine the most appropriate parameters of shock-wave loading when producing hard alloys by explosive pressing.
Development of Combined Machining Modes, Investigation of Mechanical Properties and Structure of Deformed Semi-Finished Products from Alloy 01417
Authors: Sidelnikov S. , Voroshilov D. , Motkov M. , Voroshilova M. , Bespalov V.
Published: May 2020

The article presents the results of studies on the production of wire with a diameter of 0.5 mm from aluminum alloy 01417 with a content of rare-earth metals (REM) in the amount of 7-9% for aircraft construction needs. The deformation modes, the experimental technique and equipment for the implementation of the proposed technology described. The wire was obtained by drawing and bar rolling with subsequent drawing from a rod with a diameter of 5 mm, obtained previously using the process of combined rolling-extruding (CRE) from a continuous ingot with a diameter of 12 mm, cast in an electromagnetic mold (EMM). The wire obtained by the presented technology was subjected to 4 different heat treatment modes with annealing temperatures from 350 to 500 °C and holding time of 1 h in the furnace to achieve mechanical and electrophysical properties corresponding to TS 1-809-1038-2018. The level of strength and plastic properties obtained in the course of research required only one intermediate annealing. The microstructure of the wire was investigated and the modes were revealed that made it possible to obtain the required level of mechanical properties and electrical resistivity, satisfying TS 1-809-1038-2018.
AlpHaset Process and Molding Sands in Russia
Authors: Kukartsev Viktor A. , Kukartsev Vladislav V. , Tynchenko Vadim S.
Published: May 2020

The advantages of the AlpHaset process, the features of its application, the requirements for the materials used are considered. Molding sands, making in Russia are analyzed. It is noted that the consumption of molding and core mixture used in the manufacture of castings using this process is reduced by 3-4 times. The mixture after knocking out is regenerated up to 90%, which, in comparison with liquid glass, does not require the removal of spent molding and core mixtures to the dump, thereby, improving the environmental situation in the industrial zone. In addition, this process contributes to the introduction of environmentally friendly technological process of manufacturing castings in foundries of machine-building enterprises and individual foundries. The best values of strength are achieved on quartz sand, with a content of fine dust particles ranging in size from 0 to 0.125 mm less than 2% and a residue on the grid of 0.125 mm maximum 5%. The average grain size of such sand should be 0.25 - 0.30 mm. The molding sands produced in Russia are analyzed. The conclusion is made on the application of the AlpHaset process, based on the use of molding sand, produced according to Russian State Standard 2138-91.
Possibility Justification of Application of the Mecanochemical Method during Preparation of the Metal Structures' Surfaces under Repair and Reconstruction
Authors: Absimetov Vladimir E. , Saltanova E.V. , Solovev Denis B.
Published: May 2020

The present studies provided for an improvement in the technology of applying protective coatings for metal building structures, primarily coatings being renewed during their repair, modernization or reconstruction of production. At that the main objectives of the research were reduction of the labor coefficient of work relating to the preparation of surfaces of metal building structures, by applying the rust painting method, and creation of anticorrosive materials with universal properties combining the functions of rust, primer and basic coating modifiers.
Influence of Class of Concrete on Oscillations of Thin-Wall Cylindrical Reinforced Concrete Shells
Authors: Qahorov K.Q. , Sysoev O.E. , Sysoev E.O.
Published: May 2020

Thin-walled cylindrical shell made of reinforced concrete, is widely used in the construction of buildings and structures as coatings and forms of architecture of buildings. Thin-walled shell its shape can give entertainment to the architectural design of buildings, and their rigidity helps to block large spans, creating more closure of the room without additional supports. Another advantage of using cloud forms of structures is the efficiency of this design, since for the manufacture of shell forms of structures less construction material is spent than any other design for coating. The purpose of theoretical calculations and the studied excrement over reinforced concrete shells with different elastic modules, is to ensure reliability in the operation of buildings and structures, and to exclude accidents arising resonance phenomena of free vibrations of the shells from the effects of external forces (loads). On the basis of the laboratories of Komsomolsk-on-Amur state University in the laboratory of building materials and structures, experimental studies were conducted to determine the spectra of forced and free vibrations of the reinforced concrete shell with different elastic modules. The purpose of research on reinforced concrete shells is to determine the oscillation frequencies at different locations of the combined masses. The article deals with the theoretical calculation based on the equation of the theory of flat thin-walled shells, using the Bubnov-Galerkin method, by which we determine how the parameters of the shell affect the process of free oscillation.
Application of Complex Concentrate of Rare-Earth Elements for Obtaining Electrometallic Coatings
Authors: Struchkov N.F. , Vinokurov G.G. , Kychkin A.K.
Published: May 2020

The unique physical and chemical characteristics of rare earth elements make them attractive for use in a number of existing and innovative production lines. The use of complex concentrates of various deposits to obtain new materials is a promising area of modern materials science. The article presents the results of studies of electroarc metallization coatings of flux-cored wires with modifying additives. As additives, a complex concentrate of rare-earth metals from the deposits of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) and other modifying powders were used to obtain hardening phases. To determine the optimal composition of the modifying additives, various compositions of cored wires were made. An analysis of the structure of coatings showed a uniform distribution of the main elements of the cored wire, as well as a local distribution of unmelted particles of the modifying additives. The levels of open porosity and microhardness of the phase components of the coatings are determined. The prospects of using complex concentrate with rare-earth elements from deposits of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) as modifying additives for coatings with enhanced performance properties is shown.
Additive Influence of Carbon and Carbides of Vanadium and Chrome in Anodic Tungsten-Cobalt Materials on their Erosive Fragility and Formation of the Alloyed Layer at ESA of Steels 35
Authors: Nikolenko S.V. , Konevtsov L.A. , Chigrin P.G.
Published: May 2020

The effect of electric-spark deposition (ESD) on carbon steel 35 by functional-gradient electrode materials based on tungsten carbide with additions of chromium and vanadium carbides is shown. These dopants increase the total weight gain of the cathode and the mass transfer coefficient at ESD. The change of anode material erosion resistance parameters and roughness of alloyed layers using Ra, Rz, Rp, Rq, Tn parameters were studied. It is shown that an increase in the roughness parameters is observed with a decrease in the duty cycle and with an increase in the duration of the pulses in the period of the electric-spark discharge, as well as with an increase in the total gain of the cathode and with mass transfer coefficient. For the studied anode materials, an averaged series of increasing erosion resistance was obtained for ESA: M1→ BK15→ BK8→ M210% → M28%. and a series of increasing roughness parameters Ra, Rz, Rp, Rq, Tn: BK8→ BK15→ M28%→ M210%→ M1. With a long-term ESD up to t = 20 min, the dependence of the roughness parameter growth on the increase of ΣΔк, Кср and processing regimes and processing modes tsк, tр remains the same. It has been established that the addition of grain growth inhibitors 0.4Cr3C2 + 0.4VC and 0.4VC-0.4Cr3C2 + 0.4C to anodic W-Co materials significantly increases the total cathode weight ΣΔк, mass transfer coefficient Kp and the thickness of the alloyed layer in ESA steel 35, at the same time, the microhardness of the alloyed layer remains almost the same.
Engineering Method for Assessing the Residual Life of Machines’ Complex Metal Structures Based on Crack Resistance
Authors: Budrin S.B. , Gorchakov Yu.N. , Ovsyannikov V.V. , Pogotovkina N.S.
Published: May 2020

The authors present the experience of applying their methodology for calculating the residual life of metal structures of reloading machines by the criterion of the development of fatigue cracks to a critical size. The methodology is based on the well-known calculated dependencies of fracture mechanics, refined and supplemented with elements that take into account the specifics of the operation of transshipment machines in difficult weather conditions. Particular attention was paid to the accuracy of determining the stresses in the metalwork element when performing working operations because of the ever changing of the load acting on the metalwork, depending on the weight of the lifted load and the position of the machine in space. To confirm the high sensitivity to the accuracy of the determination of stresses, the dependence of the influence of the resource element metal with a crack from the amplitude of stress is graphically presented. The methodology for assessing the residual resource has been successfully tested on a number of complex metal.