bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The biology of skin wetness perception and its implications in manual function and for reproducing complex somatosensory signals in neuroprosthetics
Authors: Filingeri Davide , Ackerley Rochelle
Published: January 2017

Our perception of skin wetness is generated readily, yet humans have no known receptor (hygroreceptor) to signal this directly. It is easy to imagine the sensation of water running over our hands or the feel of rain on our skin. The synthetic sensation of wetness is thought to be produced from a combination of specific skin thermal and tactile inputs, registered through thermoreceptors and mechanoreceptors, respectively. The present review explores how thermal and tactile afference from the periphery can generate the percept of wetness centrally. We propose that the main signals include information about skin cooling, signaled primarily by thinly myelinated thermoreceptors, and rapid changes in touch, through fast-conducting, myelinated mechanoreceptors. Potential central sites for integration of these signals, and thus the perception of skin wetness, include the primary and secondary somatosensory cortices and the insula cortex. The interactions underlying these processes can also be modeled to aid in understanding and engineering the mechanisms. Furthermore, we discuss the role that sensing wetness could play in precision grip and the dexterous manipulation of objects. We expand on these lines of inquiry to the application of the knowledge in designing and creating skin sensory feedback in prosthetics. The addition of real-time, complex sensory signals would mark a significant advance in the use and incorporation of prosthetic body parts for amputees in everyday life.
Factors for Predicting Favorable Outcome of Percutaneous Epidural Adhesiolysis for Lumbar Disc Herniation
Authors: Moon Sang Ho , Lee Jae Il , Cho Hyun Seok , Shin Jin Woo , Koh Won Uk
Published: January 2017

Background. Lower back pain is a common reason for disability and the most common cause is lumbar disc herniation. Percutaneous epidural adhesiolysis has been applied to relieve pain and increase the functional capacity of patients who present this condition.Objectives. In this study, we retrospectively evaluated the factors which predict the outcome of percutaneous epidural adhesiolysis in patients who were diagnosed with lumbar disc herniation.Methods. Electronic medical records of patients diagnosed with lumbar disc herniation who have received percutaneous epidural adhesiolysis treatment were reviewed. The primary outcome was the factors that were associated with substantial response of ≥4 points or ≥50% of pain relief in the numerical rating scale pain score 12 months after the treatment.Results. Multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that the presence of high-intensity zone (HIZ) at magnetic resonance imaging was a predictor of substantial response to percutaneous epidural adhesiolysis for 12 months (P=0.007). The presence of a condition involving the vertebral foramen was a predictor for unsuccessful response after 12 months (P=0.02).Discussion and Conclusion. The presence of HIZ was a predictor of favorable long-term outcome after percutaneous epidural adhesiolysis for the treatment of lower back pain with radicular pain caused by lumbar disc herniation.
Properties of Polystyrene Clay Nanocomposites Prepared Using Two New Imidazolium Surfactants
Authors: Di Pasquale Giovanna , Pollicino Antonino
Published: January 2017

Montmorillonite/polystyrene nanocomposites were prepared by in situ photopolymerization of styrene in the presence of 2% by weight of clay organomodified by two new imidazolium surfactants having in their structure an alkyl chain with 20 or 22 carbon atoms, respectively. Thermogravimetry showed that the new surfactants are more thermally stable than conventional alkylammonium surfactants. The properties of the obtained nanocomposites were compared with those of pristine polystyrene, with those of a microcomposite obtained by in situ polymerization of styrene in the presence of unmodified clay, and with those of a nanocomposite obtained starting from an organomodified clay with a short alkyl chain (12 carbon atoms) imidazolium surfactant. XRD, TEM, and rheological analysis showed that the clay/PS nanocomposites have a mixture of intercalated and partially exfoliated structure layers, where the higher the surfactant alkyl chain length, the higher the exfoliation degree. Kinetics curve of accelerated UV aging, obtained by following through infrared spectroscopy the increase of carbonyl functions during aging, showed that the rate of photooxidation of clay containing samples is higher than neat polystyrene. The rate is higher as a function of the degree of dispersion of the filler in the polymer matrix.
Preparation of High Modulus Poly(Ethylene Terephthalate): Influence of Molecular Weight, Extrusion, and Drawing Parameters
Authors: Zhang Jian Min , Hua Qingsong , Reynolds Christopher T. , Zhao Yuling , Dai Zuoqiang , Bilotti Emiliano , Tang Jie , Peijs Ton
Published: January 2017

Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) which is one of the most commercially important polymers, has for many years been an interesting candidate for the production of high performance fibres and tapes. In current study, we focus on investigating the effects of the various processing variables on the mechanical properties of PET produced by a distinctive process of melt spinning and uniaxial two-stage solid-state drawing (SSD). These processing variables include screw rotation speed during extrusion, fibre take-up speed, molecular weight, draw-ratio, and drawing temperature. As-spun PET production using a single-screw extrusion process was first optimized to induce an optimal polymer microstructure for subsequent drawing processes. It was found that less crystallization which occurred during this process would lead to better drawability, higher draw-ratio, and mechanical properties in the subsequent SSD process. Then the effect of drawing temperature (DT) in uniaxial two-stage SSD process was studied to understand how DT (<Tg or close to Tg or close to Trec) would affect the crystallization, draw-ratio, and final mechanical properties of PET. The designed process in current work is simulated to an industrial production process for PET fibres; therefore, results and analysis in this paper have significant importance for industrial production.
Design and Validation of Real‐Time Optimal Control with ECMS to Minimize Energy Consumption for Parallel Hybrid Electric Vehicles
Authors: Gao Aiyun , Deng Xiaozhong , Zhang Mingzhu , Fu Zhumu
Published: January 2017

A real‐time optimal control of parallel hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) with the equivalent consumption minimization strategy (ECMS) is presented in this paper, whose purpose is to achieve the total equivalent fuel consumption minimization and to maintain the battery state of charge (SOC) within its operation range at all times simultaneously. Vehicle and assembly models of PHEVs are established, which provide the foundation for the following calculations. The ECMS is described in detail, in which an instantaneous cost function including the fuel energy and the electrical energy is proposed, whose emphasis is the computation of the equivalent factor. The real‐time optimal control strategy is designed through regarding the minimum of the total equivalent fuel consumption as the control objective and the torque split factor as the control variable. The validation of the control strategy proposed is demonstrated both in the MATLAB/Simulink/Advisor environment and under actual transportation conditions by comparing the fuel economy, the charge sustainability, and parts performance with other three control strategies under different driving cycles including standard, actual, and real‐time road conditions. Through numerical simulations and real vehicle tests, the accuracy of the approach used for the evaluation of the equivalent factor is confirmed, and the potential of the proposed control strategy in terms of fuel economy and keeping the deviations of SOC at a low level is illustrated.
Security Analysis of a Certificateless Signature from Lattices
Authors: Chang Seunghwan , Lee Hyang-Sook , Lee Juhee , Lim Seongan
Published: January 2017

Tian and Huang proposed a lattice-based CLS scheme based on the hardness of the SIS problem and proved, in the random oracle model, that the scheme is existentially unforgeable against strong adversaries. Their security proof uses the general forking lemma under the assumption that the underlying hash function H is a random oracle. We show that the hash function in the scheme is neither one-way nor collision-resistant in the view of a strong Type 1 adversary. We point out flaws in the security arguments and present attack algorithms that are successful in the strong Type 1 adversarial model using the weak properties of the hash function.
Continuous Dual Resetting of the Immune Repertoire as a Basic Principle of the Immune System Function
Authors: Balzar Silvana
Published: January 2017

Idiopathic chronic inflammatory conditions (ICIC) such as allergy, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and various autoimmune conditions are a worldwide health problem. Understanding the pathogenesis of ICIC is essential for their successful therapy and prevention. However, efforts are hindered by the lack of comprehensive understanding of the human immune system function. In line with those efforts, described here is a concept of stochastic continuous dual resetting (CDR) of the immune repertoire as a basic principle that governs the function of immunity. The CDR functions as a consequence of system’s thermodynamically determined intrinsic tendency to acquire new states of inner equilibrium and equilibrium against the environment. Consequently, immune repertoire undergoes continuous dual (two-way) resetting: against the physiologic continuous changes of self and against the continuously changing environment. The CDR-based dynamic concept of immunity describes mechanisms of self-regulation, tolerance, and immunosenescence, and emphasizes the significance of immune system’s compartmentalization in the pathogenesis of ICIC. The CDR concept’s relative simplicity and concomitantly documented congruency with empirical, clinical, and experimental data suggest it may represent a plausible theoretical framework to better understand the human immune system function.
A 2 GSps, 8-Bit Folding and Interpolation ADC with Foreground Calibration in 90 nm CMOS Technology
Authors: Zhang Yi , Meng Qiao , Zhang Changchun , Zhang Ying , Guo Yufeng , Zhang Youtao , Li Xiaopeng , Yang Lei
Published: January 2017

A single channel 2 GSps, 8-bit folding and interpolation (F&I) analog-to-digital converter (ADC) with foreground calibration in TSMC 90 nm CMOS technology is presented in this paper. The ADC utilizes cascaded folding, which incorporates an interstage sample-and-hold amplifier between the two stages of folding circuits to enhance the quantization time. A master-slave track-and-hold amplifier (THA) with bootstrapped switch is taken as the front-end circuit to improve ADC’s performance. The foreground digital assisted calibration has also been employed to correct the error of zero-crossing point caused by the circuit offset, thus improving the linearity of the ADC. Chip area of the whole ADC including pads is 930 μm × 930 μm. Postsimulation results demonstrate that, under a single supply of 1.2 volts, the power consumption is 210 mW. For the sampling rate of 2 GSps, the signal to noise and distortion ratio (SNDR) is 45.93 dB for Nyquist input signal.
Parallel Evolutionary Peer-to-Peer Networking in Realistic Environments
Authors: Ohnishi Kei
Published: January 2017

In the present paper we first conduct simulations of the parallel evolutionary peer-to-peer (P2P) networking technique (referred to as P-EP2P) that we previously proposed using models of realistic environments to examine if P-EP2P is practical. Environments are here represented by what users have and want in the network, and P-EP2P adapts the P2P network topologies to the present environment in an evolutionary manner. The simulation results show that P-EP2P is hard to adapt the network topologies to some realistic environments. Then, based on the discussions of the results, we propose a strategy for better adaptability of P-EP2P to the realistic environments. The strategy first judges if evolutionary adaptation of the network topologies is likely to occur in the present environment, and if it judges so, it actually tries to achieve evolutionary adaptation of the network topologies. Otherwise, it brings random change to the network topologies. The simulation results indicate that P-EP2P with the proposed strategy can better adapt the network topologies to the realistic environments. The main contribution of the study is to present such a promising way to realize an evolvable network in which the evolution direction is given by users.
Simultaneous Determination and Stability Studies on Diminazene Diaceturate and Phenazone Using Developed Derivative Spectrophotometric Method
Authors: Akode Ruaa Mohamed , Wagiealla Shantier Shaza , Ahmed Gadkariem Elrasheed , Awadalla Mohamed Magdi
Published: January 2017

This work presents UV first derivative spectrophotometry as a precise, accurate, and feasible method for simultaneous determination of diminazene diaceturate and phenazone in bulk and dosage forms. The absorbance values of diminazene diaceturate and phenazone aqueous mixture were obtained at 398 nm and 273 nm, respectively. The developed method was proved to be linear over the concentration ranges (2–10) μg/mL and (2.496–12.48)μg/mL for diminazene diaceturate and phenazone, respectively, with good correlation coefficients (not less than 0.997). The detection and quantitation limits were found to be (LOD = 0.63 and 0.48 μg/mL; LOQ = 1.92 and 1.47 μg/mL, resp.). The developed method was employed for stability studies of both drugs under different stress conditions. Diminazene diaceturate was prone to degrade at acidic pH via first-order kinetics. The degradation process was found to be temperature dependent with an activation energy of 7.48 kcal/mole. Photo-stability was also investigated for this drug.
The Role of Neural Plasticity in Depression: From Hippocampus to Prefrontal Cortex
Authors: Liu Wei , Ge Tongtong , Leng Yashu , Pan Zhenxiang , Fan Jie , Yang Wei , Cui Ranji
Published: January 2017

Neural plasticity, a fundamental mechanism of neuronal adaptation, is disrupted in depression. The changes in neural plasticity induced by stress and other negative stimuli play a significant role in the onset and development of depression. Antidepressant treatments have also been found to exert their antidepressant effects through regulatory effects on neural plasticity. However, the detailed mechanisms of neural plasticity in depression still remain unclear. Therefore, in this review, we summarize the recent literature to elaborate the possible mechanistic role of neural plasticity in depression. Taken together, these findings may pave the way for future progress in neural plasticity studies.
Theoretical and Numerical Analysis of 1 : 1 Main Parametric Resonance of Stayed Cable Considering Cable-Beam Coupling
Authors: Zhang Li-Na , Li Feng-Chen , Wang Xiao-Yong , Cui Peng-Fei
Published: January 2017

For the 1 : 1 main parametric resonances problems of cable-bridge coupling vibration, a main parametric resonances model considering cable-beam coupling is developed and dimensionless parametric resonances differential equations are derived. The main parametric resonances characteristics are discussed by means of multiscale approximation solution methods. Using an actual cable of cable-stayed bridge project for research object, numerical simulation analysis under a variety of conditions is illustrated. The results show that when the coupling system causes 1 : 1 parametric resonance, nonlinear main parametric resonances in response are unrelated to initial displacement of the cable, but with the increase of deck beam end vertical initial displacement increases, accompanied with a considerable “beat” vibration. When the vertical initial displacement of deck beam end is 10−6 m order of magnitude or even smaller, “beat” vibration phenomenon of cable and beam appears. Displacement amplitude of the cable is small and considerable amplitude vibration may not occur at this time, only making a slight stable “beat” vibration in the vicinity of the equilibrium position, which is different from 2 : 1 parametric resonance condition of cable-bridge coupling system. Therefore, it is necessary to limit the initial displacement excitation amplitude of beam end and prevent the occurrence of amplitude main parametric excitation resonances.
Experimental Research on Internal Behaviors of Caved Rocks under the Uniaxial Confined Compression
Authors: Zhang Yu-jiang , Feng Guo-rui , Qi Ting-ye
Published: January 2017

As main composition of longwall gob, caved rocks’ behaviors and their impacts under compression crucially influence strata control, subsidence, associated resources extraction, and many other aspects. However, current researches are based on a whole sample, due to looseness of caved rocks and limitation of observation technology. In this paper, an experiment system was built to investigate internal behaviors of caved rocks’ sample, under the uniaxial confined compression, including movement and breakage behavior by the digital image processing technologies. The results show that the compression process of caved rocks could be divided into two stages by relative density. Boundary effect and changes of voids and contact pressure among caved rocks lead to different movement law in different position in sample’s interior. A stratification phenomenon of breakage was discovered, which presents breakage concentration in the middle of the sample. The nonlinear movement and shear dislocation induced by shifts among caved rocks are the reason of the breakage stratification phenomenon. This phenomenon would have an effect on the permeability and seepage research of similar medium.
Manufacturing Data Uncertainties Propagation Method in Burn-Up Problems
Authors: Frosio Thomas , Bonaccorsi Thomas , Blaise Patrick
Published: January 2017

A nuclear data-based uncertainty propagation methodology is extended to enable propagation of manufacturing/technological data (TD) uncertainties in a burn-up calculation problem, taking into account correlation terms between Boltzmann and Bateman terms. The methodology is applied to reactivity and power distributions in a Material Testing Reactor benchmark. Due to the inherent statistical behavior of manufacturing tolerances, Monte Carlo sampling method is used for determining output perturbations on integral quantities. A global sensitivity analysis (GSA) is performed for each manufacturing parameter and allows identifying and ranking the influential parameters whose tolerances need to be better controlled. We show that the overall impact of some TD uncertainties, such as uranium enrichment, or fuel plate thickness, on the reactivity is negligible because the different core areas induce compensating effects on the global quantity. However, local quantities, such as power distributions, are strongly impacted by TD uncertainty propagations. For isotopic concentrations, no clear trends appear on the results.
Statistical Modeling and Prediction for Tourism Economy Using Dendritic Neural Network
Authors: Yu Ying , Wang Yirui , Gao Shangce , Tang Zheng
Published: January 2017

With the impact of global internationalization, tourism economy has also been a rapid development. The increasing interest aroused by more advanced forecasting methods leads us to innovate forecasting methods. In this paper, the seasonal trend autoregressive integrated moving averages with dendritic neural network model (SA-D model) is proposed to perform the tourism demand forecasting. First, we use the seasonal trend autoregressive integrated moving averages model (SARIMA model) to exclude the long-term linear trend and then train the residual data by the dendritic neural network model and make a short-term prediction. As the result showed in this paper, the SA-D model can achieve considerably better predictive performances. In order to demonstrate the effectiveness of the SA-D model, we also use the data that other authors used in the other models and compare the results. It also proved that the SA-D model achieved good predictive performances in terms of the normalized mean square error, absolute percentage of error, and correlation coefficient.
Simulation of GNSS Availability in Urban Environments Using a Panoramic Image Dataset
Authors: Tongleamnak Sakpod , Nagai Masahiko
Published: January 2017

Performance of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) positioning in urban environments is hindered by poor satellite availability because there are many man-made and natural objects in urban environments that obstruct satellite signals. To evaluate the availability of GNSS in cities, this paper presents a software simulation of GNSS availability in urban areas using a panoramic image dataset from Google Street View. Photogrammetric image processing techniques are applied to reconstruct fisheye sky view images and detect signal obstacles. Two comparisons of the results from the simulation and real world observation in Bangkok and Tokyo are also presented and discussed for accuracy assessment.
Use of Molecular Methods for the Rapid Mass Detection ofSchistosoma mansoni(Platyhelminthes: Trematoda) inBiomphalariaspp. (Gastropoda: Planorbidae)
Authors: Caldeira Roberta Lima , Jannotti-Passos Liana Konovaloffi , Dos Santos Carvalho Omar
Published: January 2017

The low stringency-polymerase chain reaction (LS-PCR) and loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assays were used to detect the presence ofS. mansoniDNA in (1) Brazilian intermediate hosts (Biomphalaria glabrata,B. straminea,andB. tenagophila) with patentS. mansoniinfections, (2)B. glabratasnails with prepatentS. mansoniinfections, (3) various mixtures of infected and noninfected snails; and (4) snails infected with other trematode species. The assays showed high sensitivity and specificity and could detectS. mansoniDNA when one positive snail was included in a pool of 1,000 negative specimens ofBiomphalaria. These molecular approaches can provide a low-cost, effective, and rapid method for detecting the presence ofS. mansoniin pooled samples of field-collectedBiomphalaria. These assays should aid mapping of transmission sites in endemic areas, especially in low prevalence regions and improve schistosomiasis surveillance. It will be a useful tool to monitor low infection rates of snails in areas where control interventions are leading towards the elimination of schistosomiasis.
Adults’ Theory of Infants’ Mind: A Comparison between Parents and Nonparents
Authors: Shinohara Ikuko , Moriguchi Yusuke
Published: January 2017

This study examined whether there were parental state differences in interpretations of infants’ behaviours as associated with some mental states. Parents, nonparent women, and nonparent men were shown video clips that displayed several infant behaviours (e.g., playing with his/her mother). Then they were given two tasks. In a rating task, participants were asked to rate the likelihood of the filmed infant to have a mental state. On the other hand, in a description task, participants were instructed to explicitly describe the filmed infants’ mental state in an open-ended manner. Importantly, all participants were asked to report the meaning of infants’ behaviour in specific acts from the same set of infants’ behaviours (e.g., the infants saw mother’s face and smiled). The results revealed that parents and nonparent women significantly higher rated that infants were likely to express a mental state in the rating task than nonparent men did. On the other hand, parents were more likely to describe the filmed infants’ mental states in the description task than nonparent women and nonparent men did. Results suggest that parents interpret more meanings from infants’ behaviours compared to nonparents, even when both parents and nonparents equally focused on infants’ behaviours.
Testicular Vasculitis: A Sonographic and Pathologic Diagnosis
Authors: Dixit Anuj , Hague Cameron , Bicknell Simon
Published: January 2017

Very little has been published about single-organ vasculitis of the testicle in the radiological literature. Consequently, it is a diagnosis that is unfamiliar to most radiologists. This case report describes the sonographic, pathologic, and laboratory findings of testicular vasculitis and reviews the available literature with regard to this subject.
Exact Algorithm for the Capacitated Team Orienteering Problem with Time Windows
Authors: Park Junhyuk , Lee Jongsung , Ahn SeHwan , Bae Jungryul , Tae Hyunchul
Published: January 2017

The capacitated team orienteering problem with time windows (CTOPTW) is a problem to determine players’ paths that have the maximum rewards while satisfying the constraints. In this paper, we present the exact solution approach for the CTOPTW which has not been done in previous literature. We show that the branch‐and‐price (B&P) scheme which was originally developed for the team orienteering problem can be applied to the CTOPTW. To solve pricing problems, we used implicit enumeration acceleration techniques, heuristic algorithms, and ng‐route relaxations.
The Genetic Basis of Hepatosplenic T-cell Lymphoma
Authors: McKinney Matthew , Moffitt Andrea B. , Gaulard Philippe , Travert Marion , De Leval Laurence , Nicolae Alina , Raffeld Mark , Jaffe Elaine S. , Pittaluga Stefania , Xi Liqiang , Heavican Tayla , Iqbal Javeed , Belhadj Karim , Delfau-Larue Marie Helene , Fataccioli Virginie , Czader Magdalena B. , Lossos Izidore S. , Chapman-Fredricks Jennifer R. , Richards Kristy L. , Fedoriw Yuri , Ondrejka Sarah L. , Hsi Eric D. , Low Lawrence , Weisenburger Dennis , Chan Wing C. , Mehta-Shah Neha , Horwitz Steven , Bernal-Mizrachi Leon , Flowers Christopher R. , Beaven Anne W. , Parihar Mayur , Baseggio Lucile , Parrens Marie , Moreau Anne , Sujobert Pierre , Pilichowska Monika , Evens Andrew M. , Chadburn Amy , Au-Yeung Rex K.H. , Srivastava Gopesh , Choi William W. L. , Goodlad John R. , Aurer Igor , Basic-Kinda Sandra , Gascoyne Randy D. , Davis Nicholas S. , Li Guojie , Zhang Jenny , Rajagopalan Deepthi , Reddy Anupama , Love Cassandra , Levy Shawn , Zhuang Yuan , Datta Jyotishka , Dunson David B. , Davé Sandeep S.
Published: January 2017

Hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma (HSTL) is a rare and lethal lymphoma; the genetic drivers of this disease are unknown. Through whole-exome sequencing of 68 HSTLs, we define recurrently mutated driver genes and copy-number alterations in the disease. Chromatin-modifying genes, including SETD2, INO80, and ARID1B, were commonly mutated in HSTL, affecting 62% of cases. HSTLs manifest frequent mutations in STAT5B (31%), STAT3 (9%), and PIK3CD (9%), for which there currently exist potential targeted therapies. In addition, we noted less frequent events in EZH2, KRAS, and TP53. SETD2 was the most frequently silenced gene in HSTL. We experimentally demonstrated that SETD2 acts as a tumor suppressor gene. In addition, we found that mutations in STAT5B and PIK3CD activate critical signaling pathways important to cell survival in HSTL. Our work thus defines the genetic landscape of HSTL and implicates gene mutations linked to HSTL pathogenesis and potential treatment targets.

Significance: We report the first systematic application of whole-exome sequencing to define the genetic basis of HSTL, a rare but lethal disease. Our work defines SETD2 as a tumor suppressor gene in HSTL and implicates genes including INO80 and PIK3CD in the disease. Cancer Discov; 7(4); 369–79. ©2017 AACR.

See related commentary by Yoshida and Weinstock, p. 352.

This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 339
High-Dose (2.5 mg) Intravitreal Bevacizumab as Rescue Therapy for Persistent Postradiation Cystoid Macular Edema
Authors: Khan Mohammed Ali , Mashayekhi Arman , Ferguson Kyle , Shields Jerry A. , Shields Carol L.
Published: January 2017

Background/Aims: To investigate the efficacy of intravitreal high-dose (2.5 mg/0.1 mL) bevacizumab as rescue therapy for postradiation cystoid macular edema (CME) resistant to standard-dose (1.25 mg/0.05 mL) bevacizumab. Methods: Retrospective, interventional case series. Results: Fifteen eyes of 15 patients were included. Eyes were treated with a mean of 10 standard-dose (1.25 mg) bevacizumab injections but failed to show CME resolution. Following 3 monthly treatments of high-dose (2.5 mg) bevacizumab, mean central macular thickness (CMT) reduced significantly from 406 ± 100 to 360 ± 83 μm (p = 0.01) and mean logMAR visual acuity improved from 0.55 ± 0.17 (Snellen 20/71) to 0.48 ± 0.21 (Snellen 20/60, p = 0.07). At the final follow-up of 9 months, CMT was 395 ± 124 μm (p = 0.67) and visual acuity was 0.51 ± 0.23 (Snellen 20/65, p = 0.22). Five eyes (30%) had a >10% reduction in CMT at the final follow-up. In these eyes, the observed CMT reduction was statistically significant (p = 0.04) and logMAR visual acuity was significantly better (p ≤ 0.01) compared to the remainder of the cohort. Conclusions: Overall, the use of high-dose (2.5 mg) bevacizumab did not result in a sustained, significant improvement in CMT and visual acuity outcomes following incomplete response to standard-dose (1.25 mg) bevacizumab. However, a minority of eyes exhibited favorable response with significant CMT reduction.
A 28-Year-Old Male Patient with Nail Tumors, Skin Lesions, and Epilepsy
Authors: Balak Deepak M.W. , Zonnenberg Bernard A. , Spitzer-Naaijkens Juliette M.J.  , Hulshof Mieke M.
Published: January 2017

Background: Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by the development of benign hamartomas in multiple organs. Most patients with TSC exhibit cutaneous manifestations. Methods: We report a 28-year-old patient with multiple pink papules at the proximal nail fold of several toes. Results: Histopathological analysis of a biopsy of a papule was consistent with an ungual fibroma. Histopathological analysis of a biopsy of an elevated skin-colored plaque at the lower back was diagnostic for a Shagreen patch. These findings were consistent with a clinical diagnosis of TSC. This patient was subsequently referred to a multidisciplinary TSC clinic for further screening, which revealed a giant cell astrocytoma and multiple subependymal tubers. Annual monitoring was recommended. The skin lesions were treated with topical rapamycin ointment. Conclusions: Recognizing dermatological manifestations of TSC is of importance to allow early diagnosis. TSC should be considered as a differential diagnosis in the case of ungual fibromas, even in older patients.
Risks for All-Cause Mortality: Stratified by Age, Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate and Albuminuria
Authors: Warnock David G. , Delanaye Pierre , Glassock Richard J.
Published: January 2017

The relative reduction of risk for all-cause mortality among the elderly has been described as attenuated compared to younger subjects, but the risk for all-cause mortality increases with age when absolute risk is considered. The objectives of the present inquiry were to calculate the relative and absolute risks of all-cause mortality based on incidence rate ratios, and summarize these risks for age, gender, and race strata. We conclude that strata-specific risk summaries are more informative than a single all-encompassing risk summary, and that gender- and race-specific strata need to be considered as well as age-specific strata. © 2017 S. Karger AG, Basel
Anotações sobre as origens de uma ‘Brasília Vermelha’ ao Sul de Paris, em Vitry-sur-Seine (1958-1973)
Authors: Souza Diego Beja Inglez de
Published: January 2017

A história particular da construção do Grand Ensemble No4, em Vitry-sur-Seine, (1959-6)7, nos servirá aqui como objeto de análise para compreender e discutir o papel do projeto e construção de Brasília no imaginário dos comunistas franceses encarregados de desenvolver os chamados subúrbios vermelhos, controlados pelo Partido Comunista Francês (PCF). A forte inspiração da nova capital brasileira evidencia as ligações profundas entre os desafios e conflitos políticos que caracterizam a primeira metade dos anos 1960 na França que emergem nas críticas aos grandes conjuntos e nas metamorfoses dos modelos urbanísticos e referências arquitetônicas que caracterizarão a concepção das chamadas villes nouvelles.
João Florence de Ulhôa Cintra: influências, amizades e profissão
Authors: Lucchese Maria Cecilia
Published: January 2017

Este trabalho apresenta alguns fatos da trajetória profissional de Ulhôa Cintra, engenheiro e urbanista que trabalhou entre 1913 e 1944 na Prefeitura da cidade de São Paulo, e que teve grande importância na concepção de dois projetos urbanísticos implantados na cidade, a canalização do rio Tietê e o Plano de Avenidas. Fala ainda de suas influências teóricas e profissionais, e das relações de amizade e admiração mútua que desenvolveu com Victor da Silva Freire e com Francisco Prestes Maia.
Incipient loss of a rainforest mutualism?
Authors: Fischer Johannes H. , Wittmer Heiko U. , Setiawan Endro , Jaffe Sarah , Marshall Andrew J.
Published: January 2017

We use data from motion-activated remote cameras to document a commensal, and possibly mutualistic, relationship between Bornean Ground Cuckoos and Bearded Pigs in the rainforests of Kalimantan, Indonesia.  We hypothesise that birds benefiting from symbiotic relationships may suffer indirect detrimental effects from hunting that targets large mammals in tropical rainforests.
First record of Rusty-spotted Cat Prionailurus rubiginosus (Mammalia: Carnivora: Felidae) from Ramgarh-Vishdhari Wildlife Sanctuary in semi-arid landscape of Rajasthan, India
Authors: Nayak Sailaja , Shah Sunny , Borah Jimmy
Published: January 2017

Restricted to India and Sri Lanka in its distribution, the Rusty-spotted Cat Prionailurus rubiginosus is the smallest felid in the world.  The present distribution of this species in India is to a large extent not thoroughly documented and is based on opportunistic sightings and reports.  To date, the northernmost confirmed record of this cat is from Sariska and Ranthambhore Tiger Reserve.  In this communication, we present evidence of this species from further south at Ramgarh-Vishdhari Wildlife Sanctuary from the state of Rajasthan.
Risk of Cerebrovascular Events in 178 962 Five-Year Survivors of Cancer Diagnosed at 15 to 39 Years of Age
Authors: Bright Chloe J. , Hawkins Mike M. , Guha Joyeeta , Henson Katherine E. , Winter David L. , Kelly Julie S. , Feltbower Richard G. , Hall Marlous , Cutter David J. , Edgar Angela B. , Frobisher Clare , Reulen Raoul C.
Published: January 2017

Background:

Survivors of teenage and young adult cancer are at risk of cerebrovascular events, but the magnitude of and extent to which this risk varies by cancer type, decade of diagnosis, age at diagnosis, and attained age remains uncertain. This is the largest-ever cohort study to evaluate the risks of hospitalization for a cerebrovascular event among long-term survivors of teenage and young adult cancer.

Methods:

The population-based TYACSS (Teenage and Young Adult Cancer Survivor Study) (N=178,962) was linked to Hospital Episode Statistics data for England to investigate the risks of hospitalization for a cerebrovascular event among 5-year survivors of cancer diagnosed when 15 to 39 years of age. Observed numbers of first hospitalizations for cerebrovascular events were compared with that expected from the general population using standardized hospitalization ratios (SHRs) and absolute excess risks per 10 000 person-years. Cumulative incidence was calculated with death considered a competing risk.

Results:

Overall, 2782 cancer survivors were hospitalized for a cerebrovascular event—40% higher than expected (SHR=1.4, 95% confidence interval, 1.3–1.4). Survivors of central nervous system (CNS) tumors (SHR=4.6, 95% confidence interval, 4.3–5.0), head and neck tumors (SHR=2.6, 95% confidence interval, 2.2–3.1), and leukemia (SHR=2.5, 95% confidence interval, 1.9–3.1) were at greatest risk. Males had significantly higher absolute excess risks than females (absolute excess risks =7 versus 3), especially among head and neck tumor survivors (absolute excess risks =30 versus 11). By 60 years of age, 9%, 6%, and 5% of CNS tumor, head and neck tumor, and leukemia survivors, respectively, had been hospitalized for a cerebrovascular event. Beyond 60 years of age, every year, 0.4% of CNS tumor survivors were hospitalized for a cerebral infarction (versus 0.1% expected), whereas at any age, every year, 0.2% of head and neck tumor survivors were hospitalized for a cerebral infarction (versus 0.06% expected).

Conclusions:

Survivors of a CNS tumor, head and neck tumor, and leukemia are particularly at risk of hospitalization for a cerebrovascular event. The excess risk of cerebral infarction among CNS tumor survivors increases with attained age. For head and neck tumor survivors, this excess risk remains high across all ages. These groups of survivors, particularly males, should be considered for surveillance of cerebrovascular risk factors and potential pharmacological interventions for cerebral infarction prevention.
Annotated checklist of Orthoptera from Kazimzumbwi Forest Reserve, Tanzania with the description of new species and discussion of the biogeographic patterns of threatened species
Authors: HEMP CLAUDIA
Published: January 2017

A checklist of Ensifera and Acridomorpha of Kazimzumbwi Forest Reserve, Kisarawe near Dar es Salaam is given and eight new Tettigoniidae species described. These are the Agraeciini species Afroagraecia kisarawe n. sp., the Meconematinae species Phlugidia kisarawe n. sp., and the female of Aerotegmina megaloptera (Hexacentrinae). The Phaneropterinae species Dioncomena scutellata n. sp. is known at present only from two localities, the Pugu Hills near Dar es Salaam and Kwamgumi forest reseve on the foothills of the East Usambara Mountains. Two new Eurycorypha species, E. annexata n. sp. and E. ligata n. sp. are described from the area known at present only from the male sex. A second species is described in the genus Lunidia Hemp, L. acuticercata n. sp. Two new Phaneropterinae genera are erected on Pseudopreussia flavifolia n. gen. n. sp. and Materuana ericki n. gen. n. sp., species of wet lowland forest along coastal Tanzania and forest reserves in the East Usambara and on the foothills of the Uluguru Mountains.Kazimzumbwi Forest Reserve is severly threatened by encroachment and deforestation although it is recognized as belonging to the oldest surviving forests of the world.
Species of the genus Euseius Wainstein (Acari: Phytoseiidae: Amblyseiinae) from Taiwan
Authors: LIAO JHIH-RONG , HO CHYI-CHEN , KO CHIUN-CHENG
Published: January 2017

The six mite species of the genus Euseius Wainstein from Taiwan are reviewed, including E. ovalis (Evans), E. daluensis sp. nov., E. macaranga sp. nov., E. paraovalis sp. nov., and two species recorded for the first time in Taiwan, E. aizawai (Ehara & Bhandhufalck) and E. circellatus (Wu & Li). Measurements of these species and an identification key for adult females of the six Euseius species from Taiwan are provided.
Morphological and morphometric variability in the zoea I larvae of Pugettia quadridens (De Haan, 1839): looking for reliable characters for taxonomic studies on the genus Pugettia Dana, 1851 (Majoidea: Epialtidae)
Authors: TAMURA HIROAKI , LANDEIRA JOSÉ M. , GOSHIMA SEIJI
Published: January 2017

The larval morphology of Pugettia quadridens (De Haan, 1839) has been described several times, but the lack of voucher specimens (both larvae and spent females), makes it impossible to verify whether the remarkable heterogeneity, which has been described by the different authors, are due to intra-specific variability. We re-described the morphological and morphometric features of the first zoeal stage of the species, depositing voucher specimens for future examination by the scientific community. We used four females that were collected in the same locality in Hakodate Bay, Japan, and found significant morphological and morphometric intra-specific variability, both within and among clutches. One important variation was the setal count on the endopod of maxilla (3–4, rarely 5), which have been considered in previous studies to be a key character to distinguish species within genus Pugettia Dana, 1851. The size differences were rather striking, and the mean carapace length of the largest clutch (0.73 ± 0.04 SD mm) was up to 0.1 mm larger than the smallest one (0.63 ± 0.02 mm). We establish herein a solid taxonomic background for further larval descriptions of species of Pugettia with reliable characters and recommend the use of different clutches to prevent insufficient morphological descriptions due to intra-specific variability.
Contribution of Tropical Cyclones to Rainfall in the Philippines
Authors: Bagtasa Gerry
Published: January 2017

Tropical cyclone (TC)-induced rainfall (TC rain) in the Philippines was investigated using a combination of ground and satellite observations to produce a blended 64-yr precipitation dataset. A total of 1673 TCs were examined using best track data from the Japan Meteorological Agency. Rainfall from 100 (~1110 km) of the TC center was considered as TC-induced rainfall. TC rain contribution is highest in the northern Philippines, particularly along the western coast of Luzon (up to 54%), and lowest in the southern islands of Mindanao (6%). The high TC rain contribution is attributed to the enhancement of the Asian southwest monsoon by TCs located to the northeast of the Philippines. An unsupervised clustering method, k-means clustering, was used to divide the archipelago into four climate subtypes according to monthly rainfall variation. Interannual variability of rainfall from climate clusters with high TC rain contribution generally follows the variability of TC rain. On the other hand, the variability of low TC rain clusters is mainly influenced by El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO). All clusters show increasing trends of 16.9%–19.3% decade−1 in TC rain percentage contribution since 2000. This study hypothesizes that this increasing trend is due to changes in the characteristics of TC steering mechanisms and thermodynamic properties east of the Philippines in the past one and a half decades.
A 10-Year Austral Summer Climatology of Observed and Modeled Intraseasonal, Mesoscale, and Diurnal Variations over the Maritime Continent
Authors: Vincent Claire L. , Lane Todd P.
Published: January 2017

The Maritime Continent is one of the wettest regions on the planet and has been shown to be important for global budgets of heat and moisture. Convection in the region, however, varies on several interrelated scales, making it difficult to quantify the precipitation climate and understand the key processes. For example, the diurnal cycle in precipitation over the land varies substantially according to the phase of the Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO), and the diurnal precipitation cycle over the water is coupled to that over the land, in some cases for distances of over 1000 km from the coast.

Here, a 10-yr austral summer climatology of diurnal and MJO-scale variations in rain rate over the land and sea over the Maritime Continent is presented. The climatology is based on mesoscale model simulations with a horizontal grid length of 4 km and satellite precipitation estimates. The amplitude of the observed diurnal precipitation cycle is shown to reach a maximum just prior to the MJO active phase, with a weaker secondary maximum after the MJO active phase. Although these two maxima also exist in the modeled diurnal precipitation cycle, there is less difference between the maxima before and after the MJO active phase than in the observations. The modeled sea-breeze circulation is also shown to possess approximately equal maxima just before and just after the MJO active period, suggesting that the asymmetry of the diurnal precipitation cycle about the MJO active period is related more to moisture availability than kinematic forcing.
Predictors of Outcome in Child Psychoanalysis: A Retrospective Study of 763 Cases at the Anna Freud Centre
Authors: Fonagy Peter , Target Mary
Published: January 2017

Under Anna Freud's guidance, the Anna Freud Centre developed a rigorous approach to the collection of child psychoanalytic data. Material contained in detailed diagnostic assessments and weekly written reports of 763 cases treated in intensive and nonintensive therapy has now been subjected to systematic study. This is the first, retrospective stage of a major investigation of child psychoanalytic outcome, carried out in collaboration with Yale University Child Study Center, New Haven, CT. The main findings of the work are reviewed. The study showed child analysis to be particularly effective for seriously disturbed children under 12 years suffering from a variety of psychiatric disorders, particularly those which involve anxiety.
The Transference and the Zone of Proximal Development
Authors: Wilson Arnold , Weinstein Lissa
Published: January 2017

The Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) is discussed, a construct that, when introduced into psychoanalysis, advances understanding of the key clinical relationship between the intrapsychic and the interpersonal. Strands from several psychoanalytic formulations are brought together and forged into a coherent construct, which is then contrasted with the transference. It is shown how the ZPD provides the transference with its mutative potential. Just as the transference provides the motivation for the recruitment of objects to accomplish its purposes (repetition), the ZPD leads to the recruitment of objects in order to accomplish its purposes (to learn by ushering individuals into a speech and internalization community). Under the sway of the transference objects are sought so that early disregulating experiences can be repeated and an opportunity provided for a better resolution. The ZPD works in tandem with the transference, capitalizing on the impetus provided, allowing for the possibility of internalization, a beneficial outcome to transference repetition which otherwise would have no agent of conflict resolution. In analysis, when the transference and the ZPD enjoin smoothly, the potential outcome is “insight” in a broad sense. The processes of the ZPD define the optimal interpersonal context of psychoanalysis, one that allows the intrapsychic to be best reached by analytic interventions. Given the inevitability of mutual influences between analyst and analysand, the analyst strives simultaneously to be in the ZPD yet outside the transference with the analysand, a crucial tension that is a constant, precarious technical factor. This useful tension casts light on such procedural guides as optimal frustration and abstinence.
Investigating School-Related Behavior Disorders: Lessons Learned from a Thirty-Year Research Career
Authors: Walker Hill M.
Published: January 2017

The CEC Research Award recognizes researchers for the significant contributions they have made to special education. We believe that this distinguished group of award winners has much to share with our readers. We have invited each of them to contribute an article, addressing their perspectives on special education and practices. Hill M. Walker was awarded the Research Award in 1993, recognizing 30 years of research investigating school-related behavior disorders. This article by Hill Walker presents his thoughts about (a) the enabling effects of a supportive context for research and scholarship, (b) the lessons he has learned from his career successes and failures, and (c) some brief comments on the value of the applied research process.