bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comprehensive ultrasound assessment of the state complex intima-media brachiocephalic arteries in patients with metabolic syndrome
Authors: Vakhitova Aliya R. , Berdalin Alexander B. , Lelyuk Vladimir G. , Lelyuk Svetlana E.
Published: May 2024

Objective. Comprehensive ultrasound assessment of the state complex intima-media (CIM) of brachiocephalic arteries in patients with metabolic syndrome (MS). 

Materials and methods. 82 patients were examined, including 62 patients with MS and 20 practically healthy individuals. All patients underwent biochemical blood analysis, ultrasound of the extracranial sections of the brachiocephalic arteries with an assessment of the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of CIM bifurcation of the brachiocephalic trunk (BCT), common carotid arteries (CCA) and vertebral arteries (VA).

Results. 100% of patients with MS, changes in the echostructure of CIM were recorded in the form of pathological layering, 9 (14.5%) patients – in the form of hyperechogenic inclusions. Thickness of CIM in the bifurcation of BCT and CCA in patients with MS statistically significantly exceeds the same indicator in practically healthy persons and demonstrates direct correlation between the components of MS. The modified Carnegan index patients with MS is statistically significantly higher than the same indicator in practically healthy individuals and demonstrates direct correlation with the thickness of CIM estimated in different segments of the brachiocephalic arteries (BCT k 0.356, RCCA k 0.718, LCCA k 0.846, in the bifurcation of CCA on the right k 0.431, on the left k 0.519).

Conclusion. Comprehensive ultrasound assessment of the state brachiocephalic arteries in patients with MS allows us to obtain complex of qualitative and quantitative signs characteristic of metabolic angiopathy.
Echographic pattern features of dissections of the extracranial parts of the brachiocephalic arteries
Authors: Orlova Ekaterina V. , Berdalin Alexander B. , Khaitsman Darya M. , Lelyuk Vladimir G. , Lelyuk Svetlana E.
Published: May 2024

Purpose: to determine the frequency of various ultrasound signs of dissections of the extracranial parts of the brachiocephalic arteries, as well as to compare the results of ultrasound and neuroimaging methods in the diagnostics of dissections.

Materials and methods. The study included data on 108 patients, among them 44 (40.7%) women, 64 (59.3%) men, mean age was 56 ± 14 years. All patients underwent duplex scanning of the brachiocephalic arteries, 53 patients underwent CT-angiography, and 99 patients underwent MRI.

Results. The sensitivity of duplex scanning in the primary diagnosis of dissections in our study was 97.2%. In 40 patients (37%) with dissections according to duplex scanning the presence of dissection was also confirmed on CT-angiography or MRI. Expansion of the vessel diameter and the presence of intramural hematoma (IMH), as well as their combination, were the most common ultrasound signs of dissections in our study. In cases where dissection was not confirmed by CT-angiography or MRI data moderate echogenicity of IMH was noted significantly more often (p = 0.018). Of all the ultrasound signs of dissections, the highest share of coincidence with the signs obtained with neuroimaging diagnostic methods occurred with IMG.

Conclusion. The most frequently recorded ultrasound signs of dissections were the expansion of the vessel diameter and the presence of IMG, as well as their combination. The results of the study showed a high sensitivity of the ultrasound method in detecting dissections, especially in the subacute and chronic stages, as well as to determine the causes of ischemic stroke in the differential diagnosis of brachiocephalic artery pathologies.
Liver non-contrast perfusion in diffuse liver diseases diagnostic algorithm: the new diagnostic criteria
Authors: Telesh A. A. , Morozova T. G.
Published: May 2024

Purpose: to define the new criteria for contrast-free ASL perfusion using for the management of diffuse liver diseases (DLD).

Material and methods. Clinical and laboratory data, results of MRI with non-contrast MR perfusion (ASL-perfusion) of the liver  were estimated in a group of patients with DLD (three-year research).

Results. Potentials of assessment of liver ASL perfusion for patients with DLD (including complicated cases) are described in the article. It was established that ASL liver perfusion is useful for DLD clinical forms differential diagnosis,  predicting the risk of liver cirrhosis, as well as complications (hepatic encephalopathy, sialoadenitis) and DLD exacerbation. The strategy of contrast-free MR perfusion using  in patients with DLD management algorithm was developed.

Conclusion. Liver ASL perfusion is a promising for the study and application method for the management of DLD.
The influence of modern computer and magnetic resonance imaging technologies on the preoperative staging of pancreatic cancer
Authors: Zharikova Alexandra V. , Kondratyev Evgeny V. , Tikhonova Valeriya S. , Gruzdev Ivan S. , Rostovtsev Mikhail V. , Markov Pavel V. , Struchkov Vladimir Yu. , Karmazanovsky Grigory G.
Published: May 2024

Цель исследования: обзор и анализ зарубежной и отечественной литературы, клинических рекомендаций, посвященных оценке распространенности опухоли протоковой аденокарциномы поджелудочной железы и тактике лечения пациентов с выявленным новообразованием поджелудочной железы.

Материал и методы. Проведен анализ отечественных и зарубежных источников литературы по базам PubMed с использованием ключевых слов “pancreatic cancer”, “vascular invasion”, “locally advanced cancer”, “cancer statistics”, “CT”, “MRI”, “neoadjuvant therapy” за последние 5–10 лет.

В данном обзоре рассмотрены основные методы визуализации, используемые для определения взаимоотношения опухоли с прилежащими магистральными сосудами и оценки резектабельности рака поджелудочной железы.

Заключение. Компьютерная томография и магнитно-резонансная томография с контрастным усилением – первоочередные методы диагностики протоковой аденокарциномы поджелудочной железы. Они высокоинформативны для оценки контакта/вовлечения сосудистых структур, распространенности опухолевого процесса, однако стандартные критерии неинформативны для оценки ответа на химиотерапевтическое лечение, поэтому требуется внедрение альтернативных способов его оценки, одним из которых является радиомика, лежащая в основе работы искусственного интеллекта и программ глубокого машинного обучения.
PERANCANGAN DAN IMPLEMENTASI JARINGAN FTTH GPON DI CLUSTER MARGA
Authors: Sastra Bima , Diafari Djuni IGAK , Ary Esta Dewi Wirastuti Ni Made
Published: May 2024

FTTH is an access network that uses fiber optic as a transmission medium to be distributed to customers. This fiber optic network has very good performance and is reliable and will have a very positive impact on customers, in order for clients to be happy with the services that telecom companies provide, especially in Indonesia. This research will discuss the design of a Fiber To The Home (FTTH) network in Tabanan Regency, Marga Village which includes the value of the Link Power Budget, Rise Time, and the amount of traffic required. after calculating the theoretical power link budget with samples based on the furthest distance (OLT to FAT 1). The value of the power receivers (Prx) from this design is obtained by a Prx value of -20.414 dBm (Downlink) and in the implementation the Prx difference is obtained, where at the farthest FAT (FAT 1) the Prx value is -16.65 dBm. Regarding the Marga area, it complies with the ITU-T G.984 standard, which is the GPON network implementation standard.
UNJUK KERJA KOMUNIKASI NIRKABEL HALF-DUPLEX ANTARKENDARAAN MEMANFAATKAN NRF24L01
Authors: Amanda Saraswati Ni Putu , Indra ER Ngurah , Purnama Fajar
Published: May 2024

This study investigates the efficacy of the affordable NRF24L01 wireless communication module in half-duplex mode for vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication. The prototype integrated the NRF24L01 module with an ESP32 microcontroller and an OLED display. The study assesses the delay and packet success rate to uncover the module's attributes under half-duplex situations. This not only surpasses the mere collecting of data, but also emphasizes the practical limitations and strengths of the module. The project aims to achieve two main objectives: firstly, to gather empirical data that may be used to make well-informed decisions in the design of NRF24L01 applications, and secondly, to contribute to the broader examination of wireless communications protocols. It improves comprehension of the impact of half-duplex operation on the performance of the NRF24L01 module. By revealing the mechanics of half-duplex communication, it enhances the efficiency of NRF24L01 usage and facilitates the development of a better protocol.
RANCANG BANGUN PURWARUPA SISTEM KOMUNIKASI ANTAR KENDARAAN MENGGUNAKAN NRF24L01 MODE SIMPLEX
Authors: Adi Wiranata K. N. , Indra ER Ngurah , Sukadarmika Gede
Published: May 2024

This research aims to design and develop a prototype vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication system utilizing the NRF24L01 module, ESP32 microcontroller, and OLED display in simplex mode. The system enables effective and instant communication between vehicles in the Vehicle Ad-Hoc Networks (VANETs) environment. In the implementation, we optimized the power transmission level and data rate to ensure fast and responsive data transmission. We integrated key components, such as the ESP32, NRF24L01, and OLED display, into the hardware design to establish a reliable and seamlessly integrated system. We also designed the prototype to minimize costs. The prototype demonstrates an effective and cost-efficient technical solution for vehicle communication, making it suitable for research and development projects requiring wireless communication in real-world vehicle scenarios. This research aims to positively contribute to advancing technology to support connectivity and safety in future vehicle mobility. The findings of this research can be beneficial for researchers, engineers, and policymakers interested in improving vehicular communication and mobility.
ANALISIS EKONOMI SISTEM PLTMH DAN POMPA AIR SUNGAI YEH HA DI KABUPATEN KARANGASEM
Authors: Leba G. I. M. , Sukerayasa I. W. , Ariastina W. G. , Giriantari I. A. D. , Kumara I. N. S.
Published: May 2024

Yeh Ha River in Ababi Village, Karangasem Regency, is a bathing spot utilized by locals for various purposes, fed by the Yeh Ha spring. Among its uses is filling a water tank with a capacity of 58.74 m3 to distribute water to 10 households. Initially, a waterwheel powered a mechanical pump without electricity. However, due to damage, a less efficient hydraulic ram pump replaced the waterwheel. The research aims to design a Microhydro Power Plant (PLTMH) and a water pump system. With these systems, it's expected to enhance the efficiency of filling the water tank and ensure project sustainability through economic analysis. Measurements indicate that Yeh Ha spring has a flow rate of 0.201 m3/s with a head of 4.6 m. Based on this, a crossflow turbine equipped with a centrifugal pump and variable frequency drive is chosen to meet the water needs of 12,277 people or 2,455 families. The investment for the PLTMH and water pump system is Rp3,191,330,505 with a project's economic life of 30 years. Feasibility analysis shows that the design is viable, with a positive net present value of Rp1,534,531,357 and Rp930,180,420 at discount rates of 10% and 12%, respectively. However, the benefit-cost ratio (BCR) is less than 1, at 0.48 and 0.29. The internal rate of return (IRR) is 17.6% and 15.5%, with a break-even point of 2,699,253 m3 sold, requiring a payback period of 9 years at a 10% discount rate and 10 years and 4 months at a 12% discount rate.
RANCANG BANGUN PURWARUPA TOILET PORTABLE BERDINDING PDLC DENGAN SISTEM SOLAR TRACKING BERBASIS ESP32
Authors: Devia Regina , Nugraha Bayu , Pranita Sri , Raka Agung I GAP , Setiawan I N
Published: May 2024

Indonesia, as an archipelagic country in the Pacific region, is vulnerable to various natural disasters such as earthquakes, tsunamis, and volcanic eruptions. In such situations, infrastructure is often damaged or inaccessible. Therefore, a research team has designed an innovative sanitation solution in the form of a portable toilet with solar tracking and PDLC walls for disaster-prone evacuation areas. This Capstone Project aims to design a portable toilet that can generate independent electrical energy to operate the entire system within the toilet. The data collection methods involve observations and testing of hardware and software components, such as PIR sensors, ultrasonic sensors, DC voltage of 25 volts, ACS712 current sensors, I2C LCD display, and testing the accuracy of command timing from the NTP server sent by ESP32 to Arduino. Referring to research [5] where the solar panel angle can be adjusted by 20° every hour using LDR sensors, the research team developed the study using an NTP program that moves every hour from 09:00 to 17:00 to maximize solar energy absorption. A 20 Wp solar panel reaches its maximum power of 16.46 watts at 11:00 AM local time, and a 12V 9Ah battery can be used for 3 hours and 10 minutes with a 3 Ah load. This portable toilet can operate automatically and be monitored via a mobile phone. Further research is recommended to include detailed electronic component analysis and the implementation of a 2-axis tracking system.
Exploring Resilience as a Mediator Between Charismatic Leadership and Affective Commitment to Change
Authors: Mangundjaya Wustari L. , Supriyadi Tugimin , Nugraha Andreas Corsini Widya , Wicaksana Seta Ariawuri
Published: May 2024

Objective: The purpose of this study is to measure the effects of charismatic leadership on change initiatives (affective commitment to change), mediated by resilience.
 
Method: Data was collected using the Affective Commitment Inventory. Charismatic leadership scales (Conger & Kanungo, and Resilience inventory) using Structural Equation Modelling. This study surveyed 355 employees in the banking and insurance industry.
 
Results Finding and Discussion: The results showed that charismatic leadership positively affected affective commitment to change directly and by resilience as a partial mediator. It is also demonstrated that the results added to the body of knowledge and theory concerning the function and adaptability of charismatic leaders in change initiatives and change management procedures.
 
Research Implications: The results contribute to the organization in terms of developing the change agent with a style of charismatic leadership to develop an affective commitment to change.
 
Originality/Value: The research offers about manage organizational change, especially to manage the strategic position of leaders as How to be a change agent. To create an affective commitment, change leaders must adopt the characteristics of charismatic leaders, including unconventional behavior, innovative and unique activities, and sensitivity to their followers.
Green Practice Motivation in Small Businesses
Authors: Lestari Dwi Indah , Vasudevan Asokan , AdialitaC Tania , Rungsuk Anong
Published: May 2024

Purpose: The study's primary aim is to identify and analyze the factors influencing the motivation of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Indonesia to implement green accounting practices as part of sustainable business operations.
 
Theoretical framework:  The theoretical framework focuses on motivational theories, particularly distinguishing between extrinsic and intrinsic motivations. This framework underpins the study's exploration of why SMEs might adopt green practices.
 
Method:  The research employs a deductive approach, utilizing qualitative methods such as interviews and document analysis to gather data. This approach is used to understand the motivations behind SMEs' decisions to implement green accounting practices.
 
Result and Conclusion:  The study finds that extrinsic and intrinsic factors motivate SMEs to run sustainable businesses and adopt green accounting practices. Extrinsic motivations include introjected motivation, identification, and integrated motivation, while intrinsic motivations are derived from satisfaction, profits, and cost efficiency.
 
Research implications:  The study contributes to the broader understanding of green practices in the context of SMEs, a sector often overlooked in previous research predominantly focused on larger companies. The findings can aid SMEs in understanding the various motivational factors that could drive the adoption of green practices. The results are valuable for policy-making, providing insights for the government to develop green policies tailored to small businesses, promoting broader environmental sustainability within the business sector.
 
Originality/value:  This study focuses on green accounting that was carried out in a small, medium enterprises (SMEs) context, which has not been studied much by previous studies.
PEMBELAJARAN PENDIDIKAN AGAMA HINDU DALAM BINGKAI KURIKULUM MERDEKA
Authors: Dwik I Made Dwi Susila Adnyana
Published: May 2024

Pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Hindu merupakan proses transfer ilmu pengetahuan yang dilakukan dengan dua cara, yaitu metodis dan logis. Metodis artinya pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Hindu dilakukan menggunakan metode pembelajaran yang disesuaikan berdasarkan situasi kelas dan karakteristik siswa; sedangkan logis artinya pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Hindu tidak saja mengacu pada ceramah yang bersifat dogmatis, namun juga dapat dijelaskan berdasarkan logika sesuai dengan realita kehidupan sehari-hari. Sejalan dengan uraian tersebut, Kurikulum Merdeka sangat berperan guna meningkatkan kualitas siswa Hindu yang kekinian. Kurikulum Merdeka pada prinsipnya menekankan adanya enam dimensi Profil Pelajar Pancasila yang meliputi: (1) Beriman, Bertakwa kepada Tuhan Yang Maha Esa, dan Berakhlak Mulia, (2) Berkebinekaan Global, (3) Gotong Royong, (4) Mandiri, (5) Bernalar Kritis, dan (6) Kreatif. Peranan Kurikulum Merdeka terhadap Pendidikan Agama Hindu ialah mewujudkan śraddhā siswa agar lebih optimal, memiliki rasa cinta kasih terhadap sesama (tat twam asi), dan menciptakan rasionalitas ‘jñāna’ siswa yang terarah sehingga terciptanya siswa Hindu yang cerdas secara spiritual dan material, memiliki rasa kemanusiaan yang tinggi, mampu memecahkan masalah dengan penuh tanggung jawab, serta memiliki jiwa kreatif untuk dapat bersaing dalam pergolakan dunia digital yang semakin terus berkembang.
Kata Kunci : Kurikulum Merdeka, Profil Pelajar Pancasila, Pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Hindu
PROMOÇÃO À SAÚDE MENTAL DE TRABALHADORES DO AGRONEGÓCIO: UM ESTUDO REFLEXIVO
Authors: Queiroz Cinthya Kallyane Gonçalves , Leachi Helenize Ferreira Lima , Da Rocha Aline Franco , Canato Gláucia Maria , Ribeiro Anayque Taihara de Oliveira , Lopes Larissa Padoin , Souza Vitória Delma Barbosa de , Ribeiro Renata Perfeito
Published: May 2024

Introdução: Os trabalhadores do setor administrativo do agronegócio estão susceptíveis a riscos ocupacionais em seu processo de trabalho, como: físicos, químicos, de acidentes e ergonômicos, biológicos e psicossociais como fadiga, tensão e pressão no trabalho. Essas condições influenciam na saúde física e mental desses trabalhadores interferindo no desempenho das atividades laborais e na qualidade de vida no trabalho. Em decorrência destes fatores, nota-se a importância de encontrar meios para proporcionar uma melhor qualidade de vida e satisfação no ambiente ocupacional bem como, promover uma saúde mental entre os trabalhadores do agronegócio. Objetivo: Refletir as estratégias organizacionais do enfermeiro do trabalho para a promoção da saúde mental no ambiente laboral de trabalhadores do agronegócio. Método: Estudo reflexivo, do tipo descritivo, que reflete as experiências no desenvolvimento de ações de uma equipe multidisciplinar de uma empresa de agronegócio localizada em mais de três estados brasileiros e conta com 1200 trabalhadores. A ideia do cuidado com a saúde mental dos trabalhadores do agronegócio surgiu a partir da observação da enfermeira do trabalho na busca recorrente dos trabalhadores ao departamento de gente e gestão, com relatos de problemas vivenciados dentro e fora da empresa. Frente a essa problemática surgiu a necessidade de disponibilizar para os trabalhadores um cuidado com foco na saúde mental, por meio de acolhimento e direcionamento para atendimento especializado dentro da própria empresa. Diante disso, foi estruturado dentro do Programa de Qualidade de Vida no Trabalho, já existente na empresa, um pilar denominado cuidado com a saúde emocional, com modalidades de atendimentos individuais, grupos de rodas de conversa e no formato on-line. Resultados: Com a divulgação do programa os trabalhadores estavam mais à vontade para buscar atendimentos com a psicóloga do programa e mostram-se interessados pelos grupos de rodas de conversas. Durante um ano, 238 trabalhadores buscaram pelo atendimento. A partir de então, a promoção do cuidado com a saúde mental dos trabalhadores ocorreu por meio da manutenção dos grupos de atendimentos individuais. Conclusão: O cuidado com a saúde mental no contexto corporativo é essencial para promover a integridade física e psicológica do trabalhador. Contudo, é necessário que a empresa invista mais em campanhas informativas com cuidado com a saúde mental, pois durante um ano, apenas 19,83% dos trabalhadores buscaram pelos atendimentos propostos pela empresa, além de que, a implementação de um programa para a saúde dos trabalhadores, valoriza a profissão do enfermeiro do trabalho e lhe traz subsídios para a continuidade e qualidade de assistências àqueles que o mesmo assiste.
Lexemes vozrast (age) and vozrastnoy (age) as euphemisms in modern media discourse
Authors: WANG SHUOYING
Published: May 2024

The object of this study is the lexemes vozrast and vozrastnoy; the subject of the study is the euphemistic uses of these lexemes and their semantic derivation in modern Russian and in media discourse. The author examines the definitions of lexemes in the main explanatory dictionaries of the Russian language, analyzing their semantic structure. The use of these lexemes in modern journalistic discourse as euphemisms is analyzed on the basis of the National Corpus of the Russian language. The corpus study confirms a significant number of euphemistic names of age in modern Russian, as well as the assumption that in modern journalistic discourse the lexeme vozrast can be used in the meaning of ‘old age’, and vozrastnoy – in the meaning of ‘elderly’. The research was conducted using general scientific methods of component and contextual analysis, corpus research, functional-semantic method, elements of quantitative method, etc. The scientific novelty of the study consists in identifying the features of the functioning of the lexemes vozrast and vozrastnoy, acting as euphemisms, in modern Russian speech (based on the material of media discourse), namely, in the high use of euphemistic uses. Contexts with such uses usually report that the psychological age does not coincide with the physical one, about the desire of people to look younger than their years (more often about women), to hide their real (physical) age, about worries about the past youth. The euphemization reflects the cultural notion of old age as an abnormal age. It is concluded that the euphemistic meanings of the lexemes vozrast and vozrastnoy have become entrenched in the language, have become widely used and stylistically neutral. Thanks to the euphemistic meaning, the lexemes have expanded their use.
Representation of Thermomechanical Damage in Fiber-Reinforced Ceramic Composites at High Thermal Gradients
Authors: Wang Jiangtao , Yang Zhengmao , Yue Lianjie , Yang Rui , Jiao Jian
Published: May 2024

Ceramic matrix composites (CMCs) are the core strategic materials for the thermal structure of new-generation hypersonic aircraft. The unclear understanding of the cross-scale thermomechanical behavior and failure mechanism of materials and structures in high-temperature transient environments is a key scientific issue that restricts the reliable design and safe operation of hypersonic aircraft. In this study, a high-temperature test module in a supersonic wind tunnel with integrated various test systems was independently designed to systematically investigate the thermal mechanical damage evolution of CMCs used in astronautics applications under high-temperature transient conditions. Furthermore, a numerical method for fluid-heat-solid coupling based on an iterative solution strategy was developed and compared with an algorithm based on a wall modification strategy in terms of computational efficiency and accuracy. Besides, a comparative analysis was conducted with the temperature field distribution of the sample obtained in the hypersonic wind tunnel integration test to verify the correctness of the developed thermal-fluid-solid coupling calculation method. Finally, through thermoelastic coupling computational models, the high-thermal-gradient-induced thermomechanical damage mechanism of the CMCs was revealed, providing support for further optimizing the material system and thermal structure design of the CMCs.
RESEARCH OF METHODS OF SEARCHING FOR EXPLOSIVE OBJECTS
Authors:   Chernihiv Polytechnic National University, Syguta Artem , Krasnozhon Oleksii ,   Chernihiv Polytechnic National University
Published: May 2024

The study of methods of searching for explosive objects is an important problem, as it allows to determine the effectiveness of the application of each of the existing methods, which is extremely important for the safety of civilians who are in war conditions, and also allows to prevent possible terrorist acts.This article examines three main methods: laser Raman spectros-copy, ground-penetrating radar, and the terahertz search method.Laser Raman spectroscopy is one of the rather promising methods for the study of explosive objects.It is based on the analysis of the spectrum of light scattered after illumination with a laser beam.Each substance has its own characteristic scattered spectra that can be used for its identification.Laser Raman spectroscopy is highly specific and sensitive to the chem-ical composition of materials, including explosive substances.It can be applied for non-invasive and rapid detection of such substances, even if they are present in large volumes.GPR is another method for finding explosive objects.It uses radio wave radiation to measure the properties of materials and can detect changes caused by the presence of explosive substances.Ground-penetrating radar has high resolution and the ability to penetrate through different layers of materials, which makes it effective in detecting hidden objects.The use of a terahertz signal is also a promising method in the search for explosive substances.It is based on the use of radiation in the terahertz frequency range, which is between the microwave and infrared ranges.This method is characterized by high sensitivity to chemical changes in materials and the ability to detect even very low concentrations of substances.The use of data processing algorithms and artificial intelligence contributes to the development of effective systems for detecting explosive materials.A summary analysis of the latest research and publications indicates the effectiveness and perspective of the methods of terahertz technology, ground-penetrating radar and laser Raman spectroscopy in the detection of explosive objects.These methods are characterized by high sensitivity, specificity and the ability to work in real time.Additional research and develop-ment of these techniques can contribute to further improvements in security systems by effectively detecting and removing explosive objects to prevent potential hazards.
“The Way to Dusty Death”: The Feminist Revision of the Western in Nomadland
Authors: Cicarelli Vieira Lucas
Published: May 2024

The Western film genre is founded upon patriarchal and capitalist conditions embedded deeply within structuralist analyses. The portrayal of the solitary, white male cowboy—with its themes of rugged individualism and phallocentric mannerisms—has affected the depiction of women, people of color, and other marginalized groups across media. These prejudicial structures, though applied throughout the genre, has seen revision in recent productions, most notably by feminist directors of the modern era. In Chloe Zhao’s Nomadland, Western narrative elements and cinematic techniques have been amended to favor genuine testimonials from affected individuals of economic collapse caused by the hubris of industrialists and the male-centered world that instigates it. Zhao’s cast offer division from gender binaries within the careless wilderness through the presentation of predominantly female and collectivist characters and her utilization of a performative documentarian approach that brings forth neorealist motivations of truthful representations of sidelined groups in this decayed West.
Assay Replicability in β-Glucosidase Enzyme Kinetics Across Laboratories
Authors: Najam Nicole-Tia , Mayoral Jaime
Published: May 2024

Replicability is the foundation of research in any scientific discipline. Despite this fact, few studies address experimental variability within and across multiple institutions that operate under the same protocol. While consistency is usually well documented within the same lab, multi-institutional experiments may introduce new variables and, therefore, variability that may lead to inconsistent results. This study seeks to explore intra- and interinstitutional variability among enzyme catalytic efficiency values (KM and Kcat/KM) for the wild type of β-Glucosidase derived from Paenibacillus polymyxa. A standardized protocol for the assay was provided to all institutions that participated in the study. The analysis was conducted using data from 13 laboratories across the United States. The information was collected through the Design2Data CURE database. A total of 132 independent assays of β-Glucosidase were analyzed. Statistical analysis of Kcat/KM , KM, and T50 was conducted using SPSS, and Whisker Plots with a 90% confidence interval were generated for all parameters. Acceptance intervals for the parameters assayed of β-Glucosidase were determined; these could be used in all future experiments in the network as a reference by current and incoming laboratory members that incorporate into the network yearly. Ultimately, we aim to identify possible errors and misunderstandings in the protocol we use in the laboratories of the D2D network to improve assay replicability across institutions. High variability may be a concern when data is interpreted across institutions. This specific assay is used as a control for other, more complex assays in the CURE network and, therefore, the variability found can potentially lead to incorrect interpretation of results. It also highlights the high variability of a simple enzymatic assay when it is replicated in laboratories with different personnel and equipment, regardless of using the same standardized protocol.
Forging Romanitas: The Intersection of Urbanization and Identity in Mérida
Authors: Puentes Raymond
Published: May 2024

This paper aims to explore the role of urbanization in the formation of a shared Roman identity during the time of the Roman Empire. By examining the physical features of urban settlements and the economic opportunities that arose from them, it seeks to understand how these factors contributed to the development of a cohesive identity across the empire’s vast and diverse territory. This paper will use examples from cities in the western regions of the empire, such as Pompeii and Mérida, to demonstrate how urbanization and the economic opportunities it brought forth helped create a sense of Romanness among diverse ethnic groups. It will also investigate the impact of building projects and intervention from wealthy elites in the fostering of a Roman identity through urbanization. This idea will then be tied into the role of Roman architecture and urban planning in the development of said identity, exemplified by the similarities and differences between settlements across the empire. At the same time, this paper will also consider the historical context in which these urban settlements emerged, examining how the broader geopolitical situation might have impacted urbanization. By analyzing the intersection between physical structures and economic opportunities brought about within Roman urban settlements, this paper hopes to shed light on the significance of urbanization as a driving force behind the formation of a shared Roman identity. This research will contribute to the broader understanding of cultural identity formation in ancient societies and the role of urbanization in shaping the collective consciousness of diverse populations.
An Examination of the Ways in Which Transdisciplinary Research Could Be Used to Incentivize Local Communities to Combat the Illegal Wildlife Trade
Authors: Rios Jessica
Published: May 2024

The illegal wildlife trade (IWT) is currently one of the most critical conservation concerns, given its direct impact on biodiversity loss, endangering local ecosystems, and adding pressure to all species at a point when they face dangers like deforestation and mass extinctions. This industry also significantly impacts local communities, many of which are compelled to engage in it as a result of their precarious socioeconomic conditions. While effective countermeasures to this global issue have been identified, successful implementation of these countermeasures require diverse disciplines and collaborators. This paper argues that a transdisciplinary approach that converges knowledge and skills from social and socioecological fields of study is required to develop strategies that effectively incentivize communities to combat the IWT. This is true because A) at the social level, criminal justice is needed for the retraining and participation in law enforcement efforts to mitigate support for poaching; B) at the socio-ecological level, environmental economics and ecosystem management are needed for the validation of community assets and profitable management of local wildlife; and C) ecology and business administration are needed for the implementation of conservation initiatives like ecotourism. This paper not only presents the implementation of a transdisciplinary approach but also details the most important disciplines needed, provides a review of the correlation between this industry and the locals who live in close proximity to wildlife and conservation areas, and proposes workable recommendations to supporting initiatives that combat the IWT and serve as pillars for sustainable action. Without adopting and reinforcing the position argued for in this research, the IWT would continue to pose a threat to local ecosystems, populations, and economies. This is a major risk to global sustainability and will exacerbate the loss of biodiversity that is already recognized as an imminent threat by the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals.
Constructible Sandwich Cut
Authors: Son Philip
Published: May 2024

In mathematical measure theory, the “Ham-Sandwich” theorem states that any n objects in an n-dimensional Euclidean space can be simultaneously divided in half with a single cut by an (n-1)-dimensional hyperplane. While it guarantees its existence, the theorem does not provide a way of finding this halving hyperplane, as it is only an existence result. In this paper, we look at the problem in dimension 2, more in the style of Euclid and the antique Greeks, that is from a constructible point of view, with straight edge and compass. For two arbitrary regions in the plane, there is certainly no hope for constructing the halving line by straight edge and compass. At the opposite end, for two circles the problem is very easy, as the halving line is simply the line which passes through the centers of both circles. It turns out that for the case of two equilateral triangles the problem is already interesting and challenging from a constructible point of view, and this is the main goal of our paper. We will investigate the “deltoid” of a triangle, that is, three hyperbolas which form an “envelope” of all halving lines of a given triangle, and how to construct halving lines with certain given properties.
Manejo dos pacientes com peritoniostomia em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva: implicações para a assistência de enfermagem
Authors: Carvalho Gabriela Ramos de , Bonfim Pablo Wendel , Ribeiro Kaiomakx Renato Assunção , Almeida Daniella Valença Daher de , Muniz Marcela Vilarim
Published: May 2024

Objetivo: Debater obre o manejo de pacientes com peritoniostomia internados em unidade de terapia intensiva e as suas implicações para a assistência de enfermagem. Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, utilizando artigos publicados nas bases de dados Scielo, BVS, PUBMED e Web of Science, publicados entre 2013 e 2023 em português, inglês e espanhol. Resultados: A peritoniostomia é uma técnica cirúrgica com o objetivo de descomprimir o abdômen e evitar a hipertensão intra-abdominal e consequentemente a síndrome compartimental. A identificação precoce de possíveis complicações pós-cirúrgica na UTI pela equipe de enfermagem, poderá reduzir o tempo de internação, mortalidade e gastos hospitalares. Considerações finais: A peritoniostomia tem como objetivo principalmente a prevenção da hipertensão intra-abdominal. Para isso, são utilizados métodos como o uso da bolsa de bogotá e a técnica de Barker, diante disso e necessario que a enfermagem, aprimore seus conhecimento e treinamentos para seu manejo no ambiente intensivo.
Epithelioid Angiosarcoma: A Diagnostic Dilemma with Clinically and Histopathologically Overlapping Features
Authors: Forbes Kaprive Jessica , Zaya Romsin , Loperfito Alexandra , Garofola Craig
Published: May 2024

Cutaneous angiosarcoma is a rare malignancy of endothelial cell origin that commonly presents in the head and neck region of elderly individuals and is known for high rates of lymph node metastasis and mortality. There is significant variability in the histopathologic features, and immunohistochemistry is necessary to help differentiate epithelioid angiosarcoma from lesions it may clinically mimic. Here, we report a rare case of poorly differentiated epithelioid angiosarcoma on the trunk initially diagnosed as poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) on shave biopsy. A 56-year-old man presented for a full-body skin examination significant for a 5.6 x 2.8 mm brown-black macule on the left superomedial posterior trunk and a 5.0 x 2.7 mm pink, ulcerated papule on the right inferior posterior trunk. On histopathology, one lesion was found to be melanoma in situ, and the other showed ulcerated and infiltrative, poorly differentiated SCC. Post-excision histologic analysis of the right inferior back lesion revealed tumor cells immunoreactive to vimentin, ERG, and CD31 (PECAM-1). These findings suggested that the lesion previously diagnosed as SCC was an invasive, poorly differentiated epithelioid angiosarcoma. The patient underwent 40 sessions of radiotherapy. Epithelioid angiosarcoma occurring outside of the conventional epidemiologic profile is believed to portend higher mortality rates. This case highlights the importance of thorough clinical evaluation and appropriate histopathologic diagnosis of an aggressive neoplasm unlikely to present in this location. Further studies are required to explore potential risk factors, effective treatments, and long-term outcomes in patients with epithelioid angiosarcoma.
Type I Collagen Matrix with Polyhexylmethylene Biguanide in a Chronic Lower Extremity Wound
Authors: Aoki Kawaiola , Bartos Simona
Published: May 2024

Chronic wounds pose a significant healthcare challenge, affecting millions of individuals and incurring substantial healthcare costs. In this case study, we present the successful treatment of a chronic lower extremity wound in an 80-year-old female using PuraPly™, a Type I collagen matrix embedded with polyhexylmethylene biguanide (PHMB). The patient initially sustained the injury, which had become infected and resistant to conventional treatments. After applying PuraPly™, the wound showed rapid improvement, ultimately resulting in complete closure. Our findings highlight the utility of PuraPly™ as an effective intervention for chronic wounds, thereby improving treatment outcomes and the quality of life for these patients.
A Case of Refractory Cutaneous Sarcoidosis Successfully Treated with Infliximab
Authors: Al-Dehneem Roudha
Published: May 2024

Sarcoidosis is an inflammatory granulomatous disease affecting multiple organs with cutaneous sarcoidosis occurring in 25% of patients. There are several treatment options available, but alternative therapies should be considered in patients with refractory disease to standard intervention. Though they are not been FDA-approved for sarcoidosis, TNF-a inhibitors have demonstrated significant therapeutic intervention targeting proinflammatory cytokines involves in pathogenesis of sarcoidosis.  Herein, we present a case of refractory cutaneous sarcoidosis successfully treated with infliximab therapy with significant hair regrowth on the scalp.
How Users Drive Value in Two-Sided Markets: Platform Designs That Matter
Authors: Zhou Zhou , Zhang Lingling , Van. Alstyne Marshall
Published: May 2024

Extant research has popularized the perspective that strong network effects produce “winner-take-all” outcomes, which leads platforms to invest in user growth and encourages investors to subsidize these platforms. However, user growth does not necessarily imply strong user stickiness. Without user stickiness, strong network effects in the current period may fade in future periods, thus rendering a user growth strategy ineffective. By adding a time dimension to network effects, we developed a model of cross-period and within-period network effects to explain how different types of network effects drive value. We emphasize that the cross-period same-side network effect contributes to user stickiness, while the within-period cross-side network effect persists conditional on user stickiness. We propose that one reason for platforms having heterogeneous cross-period same-side network effects is because of the “product learning” mechanism: it is expected that products with higher uncertainty have a stronger cross-period same-side network effect. Based on different drivers, we extend the customer lifetime value model (CLV2) to two-sided platform markets, allowing us to measure how different interventions drive platform value. Using Groupon data, we verify our insights and discuss platform design choices that enhance user stickiness when the cross-period same-side network effect is weak.
Inclusion by Design: Requirements Elicitation with Digitally Marginalized Communities
Authors: Faik Isam , Sengupta Avijit , Deng Yimeng
Published: May 2024

A more equal and sustainable digital future depends on the inclusion of digitally marginalized communities in the socioeconomic opportunities created by digital technologies. Digital inclusion is a complex process that involves all stages of digital innovation, including development, adoption, use, and maintenance. However, past research has largely approached digital inclusion as an adoption and use challenge. In this paper, we develop a view of digital inclusion as a design challenge. We focus on the activities of requirements elicitation (RE) as a critical element of the design process and draw on a design-based interpretive study involving the design of two mobile apps for agricultural communities in India and China. We analyze how the conditions of digital inequality underlying the digital marginalization of these communities affect their sensemaking as they participate in RE activities. We conceptualize these challenges as limitations on the emergence of technology affordances. Our findings reveal various shifts, or translations, in the emerging affordances, which enabled the RE activities to be more generative and consequently more inclusive. These affordance translations manifested along three main dimensions: specificity, temporality, and collectivity. We discuss the implications of these findings for the inclusion of marginalized communities in the design of new technologies.
Exploring the mutation landscape of SARS-CoV-2 Variant JN.1
Authors: Thai Ke Quan , Huynh Phuoc , Nguyen Thi Thuong Huyen
Published: May 2024

Although Covid-19 is no longer a global pandemic, the spread of SARS-CoV-2 variants, currently led by Omicron and its subvariant, remains prevalent worldwide and causes health issues. In mid-2023, a descendant of BA.2, BA.2.86, carries more than 30 mutations in the Receptor Binding Domain (RBD), helping this variant transmit to create thousands of new COVID-19 cases in many countries worldwide. JN.1 was determined as a descendant of BA.2.86 by WHO because of the mutation profile in spike protein. JN.1 transmission is currently in Europe, the United States and other countries. Therefore, examining unique mutations in RBD of JN.1 to bind with hACE2 plays an important role in discovering the infectious efficiency of this variant. Our study shows that JN.1 has a lower affinity for hACE2 than the ancestral variant BA.2.86. In particular, L455S mutation reduces binding free energy by decreasing Van der Waals interaction energy. We also provide new insights into the significance of E484K in the RBD of JN.1, helping to bind stable with hACE2. Collectively, we suggest that residues positively charged in the RBD of JN.1 play the most important role in the interaction mechanism with hACE2. Future new variants should emphasize positively charged amino acid substitutions in the RBD.
Evaluation of Antibacterial activity of Ethyl acetate and Acetone extracts of Terminalia chebula
Authors: Munuru Srikanth , Uttaravilli Manikanta , T.S.R.S. Sandeep , Begum S. Sharmila , Godi Sudhakar
Published: May 2024

Terminalia chebula is one of the promising plants well known for its broad spectrum of therapeutic values in treating various threatful diseases and disorders. T. Chebula still stands tall as the primary medication for many common health disorders due to its ability to treat many clinical pathogens effectively even today. In the present study, ethyl acetate and acetone extracts of Terminalia chebula fruit were studied for their antibacterial activity against a few clinical isolates like Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia and Salmonella typhi. Antibacterial susceptibility was screened using the well diffusion method and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined using the Strip dip method developed as a part of this study. Positive results were observed in both the extracts of T. chebula fruits but comparatively ethyl acetate extracts showed more effective reports than the acetone extract. The highest growth inhibition with 98.77% and 98.59 % is observed by ethyl acetate extract whereas 94.25% and 91.08% were observed in acetone extract of T. chebula fruits against E. coli and K. pneumonia respectively. Further, S. aureus and S. typhi showed 87.69% and 74.40% growth inhibition with ethyl acetate extract whereas 85.89 % and 66.60% growth inhibition in acetone extract respectively at 4mg concentration. The results show that T. chebula is still importing promising results against many deadly microbes and can be an effective medicine for many upcoming pathogens.