bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Electric Field Induced Raman Scattering at the Sb–InP(110) Interface: The Surface Dipole Contribution
Authors: Esser Norbert , Schmidt Wolf‐Gero
Published: September 2018

Using the prototypical interface of Sb on InP(110), it has been shown that strong local electric dipole fields may arise at semiconductor surfaces which need to be considered in addition to band bending‐induced electric fields for explaining electro‐optic effects. Symmetry forbidden LO phonon Raman scattering, which has been often used in the past to analyze internal electric fields related to band bending, is a suitable optical probe. The surface local dipole field, related to reconstruction or relaxation‐dependent atomic displacements in the outermost atomic planes, delivers a significant contribution to the forbidden LO phonon scattering, in addition to the band bending‐related Schottky field. Taking this into account, apparent inconsistencies of the electric field‐induced Raman scattering (EFIRS) and photoemission spectroscopy from the previous work can be resolved.
A systematic review of the literature on the causes of early school leaving in Africa and Asia
Authors: Momo Michelle S. M. , Cabus Sofie J. , De Witte Kristof , Groot Wim
Published: September 2018

This paper systematically reviews the literature on the causes of leaving school early in Africa and Asia. Despite the improvement in primary school enrolment in the developing countries by 2015, the persistence of school dropout, however, renders this improvement almost insignificant. This leads to the necessity of observing the prolonged determinants of dropping out from school amid the current global development efforts to improve educational attainment in these countries. For this purpose, we review 43 articles in this study. These articles are peer‐reviewed publications on the causes of early school leaving or school dropout in Africa and Asia, from the year 2001 to present (2018). A great number of causes are found to be linked to the reason for leaving school early. However, the most common causes for early school leaving include lack of income, parents’ education and employment status, living in a single‐parent household, being a illegitimate child, age, region of residence and school performance. Specifically, for Asia, immigration and ethnicity are important factors. This paper recommends that policies to prevent early school leaving require multi‐perspective targeting, involving individual, school, community and family. For instance, attention needs to be drawn to the effective trickling down of necessary school provisions and other contemporary societal provisions to all communities. There is also need for improved individual and family awareness on the positive impact of education as well as the dangers of certain cultural beliefs.
Optical cleanliness measurement methods for aluminium sheet surfaces
Authors: Wang Junjie , Andrews Peter , Butler Colin , McAlpine Eoghan , Scamans Geoff , Zhou Xiaorong
Published: September 2018

The cleaning of rolled aluminium surfaces is of critical importance for most applications and is of particular importance in automotive applications. The cleanliness of the sheet surface is mainly determined by the residual amount of the near‐surface deformed layer on the alloy surface. This layer has nano‐sized grains with their grain boundaries decorated and pinned by oxide particles and lubricant residues. The deformed layer reduces the reflectivity of the sheet or strip surface to visible light, particularly in the short wavelength range, resulting in a brownish appearance. Based on the optical characteristics of the deformed layer, the use of optical microscopy, spectrophotometry, and colourimetry has been evaluated to provide a quantitative measurement of the level of cleanliness. These latter evaluations have been cross‐checked by using scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy on ultramicrotomed cross sections of aluminium sheet samples subjected to different level of cleaning to determine the amount of residual near‐surface deformed layer.
A new method for frequency constrained structural optimization of tall buildings under wind loads
Authors: Fu Ji‐Yang , Wu Ben‐Gang , Xu An , Wu Jiu‐Rong , Pi Yong‐Lin
Published: September 2018

Tall buildings are usually sensitive to wind loads, and effective and accurate methods for the wind‐resistant structural optimal design of tall buildings have become a widely concerned problem. Conventionally, the frequency constraint for the structural optimal design of a tall building is formulated through the strain energy method, and with the objective functions and constraint functions being established, the structural optimization problem is mathematically modeled, and the corresponding solution is solved using the optimal criteria (OC) method. This procedure has two disadvantages. First, the strain energy usually does not consider the gradient of the structural internal forces to the design variables, and so the computed sensitivity of the frequency constraint is inaccurate. Second, in the OC method, the Lagrangian multipliers are computed by solving a set of linear equations using the Gauss–Seidel method, which may lead to inaccurate results. To overcome these disadvantages, a new method is proposed by using an eigenvalue approach for computing the sensitivity of the frequency constraint and a quadratic programming approach for computing the Lagrangian multipliers. It is shown that the proposed new method can perform accurate wind‐resistant structural optimal design for tall buildings and make the iterations of the optimal design converge faster and more stable.
ZnO/FeS Tubular Nanostructures and Its Optical Property
Authors: Liu Shuling , Chen Yuanru , Li Honglin
Published: September 2018

ZnO/FeS tubular nanocomposite was successfully synthesized by a facile two‐step chemical route. The as‐obtained composite was composed of the hexagonal ZnO tubes with a mean diameter of 150 nm and cubic FeS nanosheets with a thickness of 35 nm, and FeS nanosheets grew epitaxially on the outside surface of ZnO tubular microstructures. Furthermore during the process of FeS nanosheets coating on the ZnO needles, the acid etching leads to the formation of ZnO/FeS tubular structure. In addition, the as‐prepared ZnO/FeS tubular nanocomposite exhibited the enhanced optical properties and absorption degradation activity. After 30 min, the absorption degradation ratios of the as‐prepared ZnO/FeS tubular nanocomposite for some organic dyes can improve greatly [Methylene blue, MB (82.4 %); Rhodamine B, RhB (94.5 %); Pyronine B, PB (86.6 %) and Methyl orange, MO (78.5 %)] when compared to the individual ZnO needles.
Alignment limit in 2HDM: robustness put to test
Authors: Karmakar Siddhartha , Rakshit Subhendu
Published: September 2018

Abstract

In a two-Higgs-doublet model (2HDM), at the vicinity of the alignment limit, the extra contributions to the couplings of the SM-like Higgs with other particles can be subdominant to the same coming from the six dimensional operators. In this context, we revisit the alignment limit itself. It is investigated to what extent these operators can mask the actual alignment in a 2HDM. The bosonic operators which rescale the Higgs kinetic terms can lead to substantial change in the parameter space of the model. We find that some other bosonic operators, which are severely constrained from the electroweak precision tests, can also modify the parameter space of 2HDM due to their anomalous momentum structures. A particular kind of Little Higgs model is explored as an example of 2HDM effective field theory in connection with 2HDM alignment. Choosing a suitable benchmark point in a Type-II 2HDM, we highlight the possibility that the exact alignment limit is ruled out at 95% CL in presence of such operators.
Bootstrapping the spectral function: on the uniqueness of Liouville and the universality of BTZ
Authors: Collier Scott , Kravchuk Petr , Lin Ying-Hsuan , Yin Xi
Published: September 2018

Abstract

We introduce spectral functions that capture the distribution of OPE coefficients and density of states in two-dimensional conformal field theories, and show that nontrivial upper and lower bounds on the spectral function can be obtained from semidefinite programming. We find substantial numerical evidence indicating that OPEs involving only scalar Virasoro primaries in a c > 1 CFT are necessarily governed by the structure constants of Liouville theory. Combining this with analytic results in modular bootstrap, we conjecture that Liouville theory is the unique unitary c > 1 CFT whose primaries have bounded spins. We also use the spectral function method to study modular constraints on CFT spectra, and discuss some implications of our results on CFTs of large c and large gap, in particular, to what extent the BTZ spectral density is universal.
Zeitgeschichte der Humangenetik in Deutschland
Authors: Krischel Matthis , Söhner Felicitas , Fangerau Heiner
Published: September 2018

In Kooperation mit der und gefördert durch die Deutsche Gesellschaft für Humangenetik hat eine Arbeitsgruppe des Instituts für Geschichte, Theorie und Ethik der Medizin der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf zu Beginn des Jahres 2017 ein Forschungsprojekt zur Geschichte der Humangenetik in Deutschland seit den 1970er-Jahren begonnen. Ein weiterer Kooperationspartner ist das Institut für Medizingeschichte und Wissenschaftsforschung der Universität zu Lübeck. Methodisch zeichnet sich die Forschung dadurch aus, dass die Erinnerungen von Zeitzeugen mithilfe der Methode der Oral History erhoben und systematisch ausgewertet werden. In diesem Beitrag stellen wir die inhaltliche Ausrichtung des Projekts auf Basis des derzeitigen Forschungsstands zur Zeitgeschichte der Humangenetik in Deutschland vor. Dabei beschreiben wir die Herausforderungen des Schreibens einer Zeitgeschichte der Medizin und problematisieren die Zeitzeugenbefragung als Methode.
FANatics: Systematic literature review of factors associated with celebrity worship, and suggested directions for future research
Authors: Brooks Samantha K.
Published: September 2018

A ‘culture of celebrity’ began to emerge in the twentieth century, profoundly impacting the social world. Recent years have seen the publication of an increasing wealth of literature focusing on people who are enthralled with celebrities – often to the point of obsession – termed ‘celebrity worshippers’. The current paper systematically reviews this literature to gain a comprehensive understanding of the various factors associated with celebrity worship and to identify gaps in the literature. Papers were identified through a systematic literature search and 62 were deemed relevant for inclusion in the review. These provided evidence that celebrity worship may be related to demographic factors (e.g. age); personality factors (e.g. dimensions of the psychoticism-extraversion-neuroticism model, materialism); religiosity; behavioural and cognitive-behavioural factors (e.g. fantasy proneness, obsessive behaviours); feelings about the self or the world (e.g. self-esteem); cognitive factors (e.g. cognitive flexibility, critical thinking); relationships with others (e.g. attachment style, romantic relationship style); attitudes towards the body, eating, and cosmetic surgery; and psychological wellbeing (e.g. depression, anxiety). The results are used to help researchers understand the individual and psychosocial factors associated with celebrity worship, and directions for future research in this area are identified.
ILLICIT EXCAVATION: THE TRIAL OF ALESSANDRO PALMA DI CESNOLA IN CYPRUS IN 1878
Authors: Stanley-Price Nicholas
Published: September 2018

The prosecution in Cyprus of an Italian citizen for illicit excavation in 1878 is a very early case in modern cultural heritage law. In taking over from the Ottoman empire the administration of Cyprus in June 1878, Britain inherited the Ottoman legal system, including its 1874 law on antiquities. Four months later, the British arrested Alessandro Palma di Cesnola for flouting a newly announced ban on excavation. The evidence of official, confidential records reveals the steps leading to the Italian’s arrest, trial and conviction in court. His trial followed Ottoman legal procedures, but the verdict was decided by the district commissioner, a British military officer unfamiliar with local law and languages. Alessandro Palma di Cesnola’s claims of American citizenship and a diplomatic status are shown to have been invalid. A closing review suggests that the British Museum was influential in prompting the ban on excavation and that moral and financial pressures led Alessandro Palma di Cesnola to ignore it.
Birationally Rigid Complete Intersections with a Singular Point of High Multiplicity
Authors: Pukhlikov A. V.
Published: September 2018

We prove the birational rigidity of Fano complete intersections of index 1 with a singular point of high multiplicity, which can be close to the degree of the variety. In particular, the groups of birational and biregular automorphisms of these varieties are equal, and they are non-rational. The proof is based on the techniques of the method of maximal singularities, the generalized 4n2-inequality for complete intersection singularities and the technique of hypertangent divisors.
A Strong Convergence Theorem for an Iterative Method for Finding Zeros of Maximal Monotone Maps with Applications to Convex Minimization and Variational Inequality Problems
Authors: Chidume C. E. , Uba M. O. , Uzochukwu M. I. , Otubo E. E. , Idu K. O.
Published: September 2018

LetEbe a uniformly convex and uniformly smooth real Banach space, and letE* be its dual. LetA : E→ 2E*be a bounded maximal monotone map. Assume thatA−1(0) ≠ Ø. A new iterative sequence is constructed which convergesstronglyto an element ofA−1(0). The theorem proved complements results obtained on strong convergence ofthe proximal point algorithmfor approximating an element ofA−1(0) (assuming existence) and also resolves an important open question. Furthermore, this result is applied to convex optimization problems and to variational inequality problems. These results are achieved by combining a theorem of Reich on the strong convergence of the resolvent of maximal monotone mappings in a uniformly smooth real Banach space and new geometric properties of uniformly convex and uniformly smooth real Banach spaces introduced by Alber, with a technique of proof which is also of independent interest.
Didymocyrtis trassiisp. nov. and other lichenicolous fungi onCetraria aculeata
Authors: Khodosovtsev Alexander , Darmostuk Valeriy , Suija Ave , Ordynets Alexander
Published: September 2018

Recently, nine species of lichenicolous fungi were found growing onCetraria aculeata(Parmeliaceae) in a sand dune system in the Ukraine. One of them,Didymocyrtis trassii, is described here as new to science. This species is similar toD. pseudeverniaebut differs in having smaller pycnidia, smaller obpyriform to clavate conidia as well as its DNA sequence. The new monotypic lichenicolous genusKatherinomycesis described here.Acremonium lichenicolas. l.,Eonema pyriforme,Didymocyrtis cladoniicolaandLichenoconium erodensare reported for the first time onCetraria aculeata.Furthermore,E. pyriformeis reported for the first time from lichen thalli.Acremonium lichenicola,E. pyriformeandTaeniolella rolfiiare new for the mycobiota of the Ukraine. A key to the eleven known lichenicolous species onCetraria aculeatais provided.
Structural evidence of diffuse growth and parenchymatous cell division in the cortex of the umbilicate lichen Lasallia pustulata
Authors: SANDERS William B. , DE LOS RíOS Asunción
Published: September 2018

How growth is distributed within the morphologically diverse thalli of lichens is still poorly known and the anatomical mechanisms involved are not well understood. This work applies electron microscopy (SEM and TEM) to examine cell- and tissue-level events in the umbilicate thallus of Lasallia pustulata, whose pattern of expansion was the subject of a previous field study. Stacks of epinecral tissue accumulating at the thallus surface showed broadening bases and recurring rupture attributable to diffuse expansion of the living tissue below. Cortical cells, dividing anticlinally, adjoined septa to previous septa, indicating parenchymatous divisions. These observations are all consistent with previous contentions that mature, organized tissues within the thallus are capable of continued diffuse growth. They provide a developmental explanation for the morphology of the epinecral layer and suggest that anatomical characteristics may be helpful in recognizing diffuse growth patterns. Parenchymatous cell divisions, believed until recently to never occur in lichen thallus tissues, are shown to play a developmental role in the diffuse growth of the umbilicate lichen thallus.
Performance Assessment of Multi-GNSS Precise Velocity and Acceleration Determination over Antarctica
Authors: Li Min , Neumayer Karl-Hans , Flechtner Frank , Lu Biao , Förste Christoph , He Kaifei , Xu Tianhe
Published: September 2018

A conventional Differential GPS (DGPS) techniques-based velocity and acceleration method (named here as ‘DVA’) may be difficult to implement in the Antarctic as there is a sparse distribution of reference stations over Antarctica. Thus, in order to overcome the baseline limitations and to obtain highly accurate and reliable velocity and acceleration estimates for airborne gravimetry, a network-based velocity and acceleration determination approach (named here as ‘NVA’), which introduces a wide network of stations and is independent of precise clock information, is applied. Here its performance for velocity and acceleration determination is fully exploited by using Global Positioning System (GPS), GLONASS, Galileo and BeiDou observations. Additionally, a standalone receiver-based method named ‘SVA’, which requires precise clock information, is also implemented for comparison. During static tests and a flight experiment over Antarctica, it was found that the NVA method yields more robust results than the SVA and DVA methods when applied to a wide area network. Moreover, the addition of GLONASS, Galileo and BeiDou systems can increase the accuracy of velocity and acceleration estimates by 39% and 43% with NVA compared to a GPS-only solution.
Localization ofαA-Crystallin in Rat Retinal Müller Glial Cells and Photoreceptors
Authors: Zayas-Santiago Astrid , Ríos David S. , Zueva Lidia V. , Inyushin Mikhail Y.
Published: September 2018

Transparent cells in the vertebrate optical tract, such as lens fiber cells and corneal epithelium cells, have specialized proteins that somehow permit only a low level of light scattering in their cytoplasm. It has been shown that both cell types contain (1) beaded intermediate filaments as well as (2)α-crystallin globulins. It is known that genetic and chemical alterations to these specialized proteins induce cytoplasmic opaqueness and visual complications. Crystallins were described previously in the retinal Müller cells of frogs. In the present work, using immunocytochemistry, fluorescence confocal imaging, and immuno-electron microscopy, we found thatαA-crystallins are present in the cytoplasm of retinal Müller cells and in the photoreceptors of rats. Given that Müller glial cells were recently described as “living light guides” as were photoreceptors previously, we suggest thatαA-crystallins, as in other highly transparent cells, allow Müller cells and photoreceptors to minimize intraretinal scattering during retinal light transmission.
Yellow Detritus in the Oceans May Help Reduce Warming
Authors: Sidder Aaron
Published: September 2018

Dissolved organic matter in the oceans absorbs light near the water’s surface, leading to cooler waters that may help mitigate regional climate warming.
Chronic noise exposure exacerbates AD-like neuropathology in SAMP8 mice in relation to Wnt signaling in the PFC and hippocampus
Authors: Su Donghong , Li Wenlong , She Xiaojun , Chen Xuewei , Zhai Qingfeng , Cui Bo , Wang Rui
Published: September 2018

Non-genetic environmental hazards are thought to be associated with genetic susceptibility factors that increase Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathogenesis. Aging and chronic noise exposure have been considered important factors in the AD. Here, we investigated the impact of chronic noise exposure on the AD-like neuropathology in the senescence-accelerated prone mouse (SAMP8) and the underlying mechanisms of such effects. We examined the consequences of AD-like neuropathology in 3-month-old SAMP8 mice using low- and high-intensity noise exposure and 8-month-old SAMP8 mice as aging positive controls. Immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry were conducted to examine AD-like pathological changes and potential mechanisms. Chronic noise exposure led to progressive overproduction of Aβ and increased the hyperphosphorylation of tau at Ser396, Thr205, and Thr231 sites in the hippocampus and the prefrontal cortex (PFC) in young SAMP8 mice, similar to that observed in aging SAMP8 mice. Both noise exposure and aging could cause a significant downregulation in Wnt signaling expression. These findings demonstrate that chronic noise stress exacerbated AD-like neuropathology, possibly by disrupting Wnt signaling and triggering aberrant tau hyperphosphorylation and Aβ in the PFC and hippocampus.
Hyperglycaemia-induced methylglyoxal accumulation potentiates VEGF resistance of diabetic monocytes through the aberrant activation of tyrosine phosphatase SHP-2/SRC kinase signalling axis
Authors: Dorenkamp Marc , Müller Jörg P. , Shanmuganathan Kallipatti Sanjith , Schulten Henny , Müller Nicolle , Löffler Ivonne , Müller Ulrich A. , Wolf Gunter , Böhmer Frank-D. , Godfrey Rinesh , Waltenberger Johannes
Published: September 2018

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major cardiovascular risk factor contributing to cardiovascular complications by inducing vascular cell dysfunction. Monocyte dysfunction could contribute to impaired arteriogenesis response in DM patients. DM monocytes show blunted chemotactic responses to arteriogenic stimuli, a condition termed as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) resistance. We hypothesize that methylglyoxal (MG), a glucose metabolite, induces monocyte dysfunction and aimed to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms. Human monocytes exposed to MG or monocytes from DM patients or mice (db/db) showed VEGF-resistance secondary to a pro-migratory phenotype. Mechanistically, DM conditions or MG exposure resulted in the upregulation of the expression of SHP-2 phosphatase. This led to the enhanced activity of SHP-2 and aided an interaction with SRC kinase. SHP-2 dephosphorylated the inhibitory phosphorylation site of SRC leading to its abnormal activation and phosphorylation of cytoskeletal protein, paxillin. We demonstrated that MG-induced molecular changes could be reversed by pharmacological inhibitors of SHP-2 and SRC and by genetic depletion of SHP-2. Finally, a SHP-2 inhibitor completely reversed the dysfunction of monocytes isolated from DM patients and db/db mice. In conclusion, we identified SHP-2 as a hitherto unknown target for improving monocyte function in diabetes. This opens novel perspectives for treating diabetic complications associated with impaired monocyte function.
Pushing the limits of detection for proteins secreted from single cells using quantum dots
Authors: Herrera Vanessa , Hsu Ssu-Chieh Joseph , Rahim Maha K. , Chen Carol , Nguyen Lisa , Liu Wendy F. , Haun Jered B.
Published: September 2018

Single cell secretion studies have provided valuable insight into population heterogeneity, but low detection sensitivity requires cells to secrete thousands of molecules. We employed semiconductor quantum dots and a new single particle imaging approach to improve detection sensitivity to only a few secreted molecules per cell.
Site-specific one-pot triple click labeling for DNA and RNA
Authors: Winz Marie-Luise , Linder Eva Christina , Becker Juliane , Jäschke Andres
Published: September 2018

We report site-specific triple click labeling for DNA and RNA in a one-pot setup by performing inverse electron demand Diels–Alder reaction and strain-promoted and copper catalyzed click reactions sequentially.
An electron-deficient nanosized polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon with enhanced anion–π interactions
Authors: Li Lei , Hong Yu-Jian , Lin Yun , Xiao Wang-Chuan , Lin Mei-Jin
Published: September 2018

A super-electron-deficient nano-sized polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon with six imide groups at the corners has been synthesized, which exhibited enhanced anion–π interactions with various anions.
One pot ligand exchange method for a highly stable Au–SBA-15 catalyst and its room temperature CO oxidation
Authors: Soni Yogita , Kavya I. , Ajithkumar T. G. , Vinod C. P.
Published: September 2018

A modified deposition precipitation (DP) method has been developed to address a fundamental issue of supporting well dispersed Au nanoparticles on silica.
A rare three-dimensional POM-based inorganic metal polymer bonded by CO2with high catalytic performance for CO2cycloaddition
Authors: Cheng Weiwei , Xue Yun-shan , Luo Xi-Ming , Xu Yan
Published: September 2018

A rare inorganic framework constructed from CO2and polyoxoanions exhibits interesting performance in the cycloaddition of CO2with epoxides.
Chemical reaction mechanism of ZnO grown using DEZn and N2O in MOCVD
Authors: Li Jian , Gan Hanlin , Xu Yifeng , Wang Chaoyang , Pei Yanli , Gu Feng Long , Wang Gang
Published: September 2018

ZnO thin films were prepared by metal–organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) using diethylzinc (DEZn) and N2O.
Controllable synthesis of single-crystal SnO2nanowires and tri-crystal SnO2nanobelts
Authors: Wei Yanjie , Zheng He , Hu Shuaishuai , Pu Shizhou , Peng Huayu , Li Lei , Sheng Huaping , Zhou Siyuan , Wang Jianbo , Jia Shuangfeng
Published: September 2018

Depending on the nucleation sites, two types of SnO2nanostructures were fabricated: falciform single-crystal SnO2nanowires (growth direction from [1̄01] to [001]) and tri-crystal SnO2nanobelts containing (301) and (1̄01) twins.
Doping effect of transition metals (Zr, Mn, Ti and Ni) on well-shaped CuO/CeO2(rods): nano/micro structure and catalytic performance for selective oxidation of CO in excess H2
Authors: Guo Xiaolin , Qiu Zhihuan , Mao Jianxin , Zhou Renxian
Published: September 2018

Investigation of how transition metal dopants regulate the microstructure of CuO/CeO2nanorods, using XRD Reitveld refinements.
Exploring the electronic structure of aluminum metal–organic framework Basolite A100: solid-state synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy reveals new charge excitation/relaxation pathways
Authors: Grinnell Cole , Samokhvalov Alexander
Published: September 2018

Solid-state synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy is superior to “conventional” fluorescence; it identifies absorption/emission by the linkers, bandgap and excimers in Al-MOF Basolite A100.
Fermi level equilibration of Ag and Au plasmonic metal nanoparticles supported on graphene oxide
Authors: Singh Abhay N. , Devnani Harsha , Jha Shwetambara , Ingole Pravin P.
Published: September 2018

For the first time, the process of Fermi level equilibration has been studied and compared for plasmonic metal nanoparticles (PMNPs) supported on conducting substrates i.e. graphene oxide (GO) sheets.
Dissociative chemisorption of hydrogen molecules on defective graphene-supported aluminium clusters: a computational study
Authors: Kumar Deepak , Govindaraja Thillai , Krishnamurty Sailaja , Kaliaperumal Selvaraj , Pal Sourav
Published: September 2018

Using periodic density functional theory-based calculations, in the present study, we address the chemical bonding between aluminium clusters (Aln, n = 4–8 and 13) and monovacant defective graphene.
Synthesis of novel heteroleptic delocalised cationic pyrazole gold complexes as potent HepG2 cytotoxic agents
Authors: Afolabi Fatai , Souissi Wided , Rivière Guillaume , Lemaitre Clément , Roe S. Mark , Crickmore Neil , Viseux Eddy M. E.
Published: September 2018

A series of cationic gold(i) pyrazole complexes were synthesised regioselectively and in excellent yields and tested against human liver cancer cell lines HepG2.
In situ intercalation of Au nanoparticles and magnetic γ-Fe2O3 in the walls of MCM-41 with abundant void defects for highly efficient reduction of 4-nitrophenol and organic dyes
Authors: Zhou Shijian , Jin Weiming , Ding Yun , Shao Bo , Wang Bangbang , Hu Xu , Kong Yan
Published: September 2018

Au nanoparticles and magnetic γ-Fe2O3 are intercalated in situ in the walls of MCM-41, and abundant void defects appeared during the assembly process.
Terephthalate-based cobalt hydroxide: a new electrode material for supercapacitors with ultrahigh capacitance
Authors: Ou Xiuling , Wang Yifan , Lei Shuijin , Zhou Wei , Sun Shunqiang , Fu Qi , Xiao Yanhe , Cheng Baochang
Published: September 2018

Terephthalate-based cobalt hydroxide, a layered hydroxyl derivative, is grown on Ni foam and first applied in supercapacitors with ultrahigh capacitances.
Facile synthesis of triphenylamine and phenothiazine-based Schiff bases for aggregation-induced enhanced emission, white light generation, and highly selective and sensitive copper(ii) sensing
Authors: Anand Vivek , Sadhasivam Balaji , Dhamodharan Raghavachari
Published: September 2018

Facile synthesis of triphenylamine and phenothiazine based Schiff bases for multiple applicability, viz., in AIEE, WLE and Cu2+ sensing.
Biomimetic multi-functional superhydrophobic stainless steel and copper meshes for water environment applications
Authors: Wu Daheng , Li Deke , Gao Xiaoyu , Guo Zhiguang
Published: September 2018

The robust, multi-functional superhydrophobic metal meshes were fabricated by the one-step solution immersion method for water environment applications.
Novel π-extended hybrid xanthene dyes with two spirolactone rings for optoelectronic and biological applications
Authors: Wang Qing , Jiao Xiaojie , Liu Chang , Huang Kun , He Song , Zhao Liancheng , Zeng Xianshun
Published: September 2018

Two hybrid xanthene dyes that can operate as half-subtractors in methanol and can target mitochondria have been developed.
A novel route towards cycle-tail peptides using oxime resin: teaching an old dog a new trick
Authors: Bérubé Christopher , Borgia Alexandre , Voyer Normand
Published: September 2018

In this paper, two anabaenopeptins cycle-tail peptides were synthesized via a novel acid-catalyzed head-to-side-chain concomitant cyclization/cleavage reaction on oxime resin.
Correction: Polypyrrole multilayer-laminated cellulose for large-scale repeatable mercury ion removal
Authors: Hanif Zahid , Lee Seyeong , Qasim Ghulam Hussain , Ardiningsih Indah , Kim Jeong-Ah , Seon Jaeyoung , Han Seunghee , Hong Sukwon , Yoon Myung-Han
Published: September 2018

Correction for ‘Polypyrrole multilayer-laminated cellulose for large-scale repeatable mercury ion removal’ by Zahid Hanif et al., J. Mater. Chem. A, 2016, 4, 12425–12433.
Workload scheduling toward worst‐case delay and optimal utility for single‐hop Fog‐IoT architecture
Authors: Deng Yiqin , Chen Zhigang , Zhang Deyu , Zhao Ming
Published: September 2018

Fog computing is a distributed computing model that can utilise the storage, analysis and processing capabilities of fog nodes near edge devices. Although fog computing can support task processing for various Internet of Things (IoT) systems, Fog‐IoT architecture faces several new challenges with the rapid development of IoT systems, especially delay‐sensitive IoT systems, such as stochastic and dynamic data arrival, optimal utility and deadline of tasks. To address these challenges, workload scheduling toward worst‐case delay and optimal utility for single‐hop Fog‐IoT architecture are studied and the workload dynamic scheduling algorithm (WDSA) is proposed. The proposed WDSA algorithm can maximise the average throughput utility while guarantees the worst‐case delay of task processing. In addition, it is online and needs no prior information about future. The algorithm performance is analysed from the perspective of optimality and worst‐case delay, demonstrating that the proposed WDSA algorithm can get an approximate optima and worst‐case delay guarantees. Finally, simulation results demonstrate that the efficiency and efficacy of this kind of the algorithm can meet the requirement.
Study on heating mechanism of GRP rod in a composite insulator
Authors: Yuan Zhikang , Tu Youping , Jiang Han , Wang Cheng , Wang Cong
Published: September 2018

An abnormal temperature rise of the composite insulator, which was reported as the early stage of decay‐like fracture of the composite insulator, has drawn the close attention of the operation and maintenance department of the power grid. In this study, the heating mechanism of GRP rod in composite insulator was studied. At first, the current, partial discharge and temperature rise of 30 mm‐length short GRP rods were tested in high and low humidity environment. According to the experimental results, the simulation model for the temperature rise of the GRP rod was established. It was proved that the temperature rise was caused by the volume current. At last, the circuit model of the GRP rod was set up and the contribution of polarisation loss and conduction loss to the temperature rise was discussed. It could be concluded that the power of temperature rise of the GRP rods was mainly supplied by polarisation loss and the invasion of moisture was the main reason for the increase of polarisation loss in high humidity. In low humidity environment, both polarisation loss and conduction loss would play an important role in temperature rise and the deterioration of the material was the main reason for the increase of the dielectric loss.
Parameter estimation of a meal glucose–insulin model for TIDM patients from therapy historical data
Authors: Sánchez Oscar D. , Ruiz‐Velázquez Eduardo , Alanís Alma Y. , Quiroz Griselda , Torres‐Treviño Luis
Published: September 2018

The effect of meal on blood glucose concentration is a key issue in diabetes mellitus because its estimation could be very useful in therapy decisions. In the case of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), the therapy based on automatic insulin delivery requires a closed‐loop control system to maintain euglycaemia even in the postprandial state. Thus, the mathematical modelling of glucose metabolism is relevant to predict the metabolic state of a patient. Moreover, the eating habits are characteristic of each person, so it is of interest that the mathematical models of meal intake allow to personalise the glycaemic state of the patient using therapy historical data, that is, daily measurements of glucose and records of carbohydrate intake and insulin supply. Thus, here, a model of glucose metabolism that includes the effects of meal is analysed in order to establish criteria for data‐based personalisation. The analysis includes the sensitivity and identifiability of the parameters, and the parameter estimation problem was resolved via two algorithms: particle swarm optimisation and evonorm. The results show that the mathematical model can be a useful tool to estimate the glycaemic status of a patient and personalise it according to her/his historical data.
Highly accreting quasars: The SDSS low-redshift catalog
Authors: Negrete C. A. , Dultzin D. , Marziani P. , Esparza D. , Sulentic J. W. , del Olmo A. , Martínez-Aldama M. L. , García López A. , D’Onofrio M. , Bon N. , Bon E.
Published: September 2018

Context. The most highly accreting quasars are of special interest in studies of the physics of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) and host galaxy evolution. Quasars accreting at high rates (L/LEdd ∼ 1) hold promise for use as “standard candles”: distance indicators detectable at very high redshift. However, their observational properties are still largely unknown.

Aims. We seek to identify a significant number of extreme accretors. A large sample can clarify the main properties of quasars radiating nearL/LEdd ∼ 1 (in this paper they are designated as extreme Population A quasars or simply as extreme accretors) in theHβspectral range for redshift ≲0.8.

Methods. We use selection criteria derived from four-dimensional Eigenvector 1 (4DE1) studies to identify and analyze spectra for a sample of 334 candidate sources identified from the SDSS DR7 database. The source spectra were chosen to show a ratioRFeIIbetween the FeII emission blend atλ4570 andHβ,RFeII> 1. Composite spectra were analyzed for systematic trends as a function of Fe IIstrength, line width, and[OIII]strength. We introduced tighter constraints on the signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) andRFeIIvalues that allowed us to isolate sources most likely to be extreme accretors.

Results. We provide a database of detailed measurements. Analysis of the data allows us to confirm thatHβshows a Lorentzian function with a full width at half maximum (FWHM) ofHβ≤ 4000 km s−1. We find no evidence for a discontinuity at 2000 km s−1in the 4DE1, which could mean that the sources below this FWHM value do not belong to a different AGN class. Systematic[OIII]blue shifts, as well as a blueshifted component inHβare revealed. We interpret the blueshifts as related to the signature of outflowing gas from the quasar central engine. The FWHM ofHβis still affected by the blueshifted emission; however, the effect is non-negligible if the FWHMHβis used as a “virial broadening estimator” (VBE). We emphasize a strong effect of the viewing angle onHβbroadening, deriving a correction for those sources that shows major disagreement between virial and concordance cosmology luminosity values.

Conclusions. The relatively large scatter between concordance cosmology and virial luminosity estimates can be reduced (by an order of magnitude) if a correction for orientation effects is included in the FWHMHβvalue; outflow and sample definition yield relatively minor effects.
A nearby super-luminous supernova with a long pre-maximum & “plateau” and strong C II features
Authors: Anderson J. P. , Pessi P. J. , Dessart L. , Inserra C. , Hiramatsu D. , Taggart K. , Smartt S. J. , Leloudas G. , Chen T.-W. , Möller A. , Roy R. , Schulze S. , Perley D. , Selsing J. , Prentice S. J. , Gal-Yam A. , Angus C. R. , Arcavi I. , Ashall C. , Bulla M. , Bray C. , Burke J. , Callis E. , Cartier R. , Chang S.-W. , Chambers K. , Clark P. , Denneau L. , Dennefeld M. , Flewelling H. , Fraser M. , Galbany L. , Gromadzki M. , Gutiérrez C. P. , Heinze A. , Hosseinzadeh G. , Howell D. A. , Hsiao E. Y. , Kankare E. , Kostrzewa-Rutkowska Z. , Magnier E. , Maguire K. , Mazzali P. , McBrien O. , McCully C. , Morrell N. , Lowe T. B. , Onken C. A. , Onori F. , Phillips M. M. , Rest A. , Ridden-Harper R. , Ruiter A. J. , Sand D. J. , Smith K. W. , Smith M. , Stalder B. , Stritzinger M. D. , Sullivan M. , Tonry J. L. , Tucker B. E. , Valenti S. , Wainscoat R. , Waters C. Z. , Wolf C. , Young D.
Published: September 2018

Context. Super-luminous supernovae (SLSNe) are rare events defined as being significantly more luminous than normal terminal stellar explosions. The source of the additional power needed to achieve such luminosities is still unclear. Discoveries in the local Universe (i.e. z < 0.1) are scarce, but afford dense multi-wavelength observations. Additional low-redshift objects are therefore extremely valuable.

Aims. We present early-time observations of the type I SLSN ASASSN-18km/SN 2018bsz. These data are used to characterise the event and compare to literature SLSNe and spectral models. Host galaxy properties are also analysed.

Methods. Optical and near-IR photometry and spectroscopy were analysed. Early-time ATLAS photometry was used to constrain the rising light curve. We identified a number of spectral features in optical-wavelength spectra and track their time evolution. Finally, we used archival host galaxy photometry together with H II region spectra to constrain the host environment.

Results. ASASSN-18km/SN 2018bsz is found to be a type I SLSN in a galaxy at a redshift of 0.0267 (111 Mpc), making it the lowest-redshift event discovered to date. Strong C II lines are identified in the spectra. Spectral models produced by exploding a Wolf-Rayet progenitor and injecting a magnetar power source are shown to be qualitatively similar to ASASSN-18km/SN 2018bsz, contrary to most SLSNe-I that display weak or non-existent C II lines. ASASSN-18km/SN 2018bsz displays a long, slowly rising, red “plateau” of >26 days, before a steeper, faster rise to maximum. The host has an absolute magnitude of –19.8 mag (r), a mass of M⋆ = 1.5−0.33+0.08 × 109 M⊙, and a star formation rate of = 0.50−0.19+2.22 M⊙ yr −1. A nearby H II region has an oxygen abundance (O3N2) of 8.31 ± 0.01 dex.
Constraining the period of the ringed secondary companion to the young star J1407 with photographic plates
Authors: Mentel R. T. , Kenworthy M. A. , Cameron D. A. , Scott E. L. , Mellon S. N. , Hudec R. , Birkby J. L. , Mamajek E. E. , Schrimpf A. , Reichart D. E. , Haislip J. B. , Kouprianov V. V. , Hambsch F.-J. , Tan T.-G. , Hills K. , Grindlay J. E. , Rodriguez J. E. , Lund M. B. , Kuhn R. B.
Published: September 2018

Context. The 16 Myr old star 1SWASP J140747.93-394542.6 (V1400 Cen) underwent a series of complex eclipses in May 2007, interpreted as the transit of a giant Hill sphere filling debris ring system around a secondary companion, J1407b. No other eclipses have since been detected, although other measurements have constrained but not uniquely determined the orbital period of J1407b. Finding another eclipse towards J1407 will help determine the orbital period of the system, the geometry of the proposed ring system and enable planning of further observations to characterize the material within these putative rings.

Aims. We carry out a search for other eclipses in photometric data of J1407 with the aim of constraining the orbital period of J1407b.

Methods. We present photometry from archival photographic plates from the Harvard DASCH survey, and Bamberg and Sonneberg Observatories, in order to place additional constraints on the orbital period of J1407b by searching for other dimming and eclipse events. Using a visual inspection of all 387 plates and a period-folding algorithm we performed a search for other eclipses in these data sets.

Results. We find no other deep eclipses in the data spanning from 1890 to 1990, nor in recent time-series photometry from 2012–2018.

Conclusions. We rule out a large fraction of putative orbital periods for J1407b from 5 to 20 yr. These limits are still marginally consistent with a large Hill sphere filling ring system surrounding a brown dwarf companion in a bound elliptical orbit about J1407. Issues with the stability of any rings combined with the lack of detection of another eclipse, suggests that J1407b may not be bound to J1407.
Simulation and study of strength properties of rocks by measuring characteristics during the blast holes drilling
Authors: Regotunov Andrey , Sukhov Rudolf
Published: September 2018

The article shows the results of the development of a method for obtaining information on the strength properties of an massif in the process of drilling of blast holes. This method is developed for open-cast mining and serves to increase the effectiveness of mass explosions. The order of operations is shown and the equipment is described for obtaining the necessary measured characteristics for the subsequent simulation of the distribution of rocks in the volume of the local block of the massif. The paper presents an approach to simulating of a threedimensional model of rock distribution from the difficulty of drilling in the volume of a local block that is subject to explosive destruction. The results of approbation of the equipment and simulation procedure at a large mining enterprise OJSC "Uralasbest" when blast holes are drilled with roller-type drill rig are presented. As a result of the approbation of the equipment, the values of the average power consumption for the drilling of one meter of the well were set by the machine tool, the fraction of power attributable to the auxiliary operations, and the average energy intensity of the fracture (by the rotator power, without taking into account the compressor's cost for blowing the well). Based on the test results, a digital model has been developed that has made it possible to improve the quality of studies on strength properties of rocks in an experimental local block prepared for explosive destruction.
Estimation of Influence of Explosive Characteristics of Emulsion Explosives on Shotpile Width
Authors: Sinitsyn Victor , Menshikov Pavel , Kutuev Vyacheslav
Published: September 2018

The article deals with the question of the effect of explosive characteristics of emulsion explosives on the shotpile width. Currently, there are two main points of view to select an efficient type of explosive, which contributes to the qualitative destruction (fragmentation) of coarse clastic rocks. The first is based on the assumption that the detonation velocity of explosives must correspond to the break-down point of the rock (dynamic compression). Another point of view is that the detonation pressure of explosives determines only the head part of the pulse, on which the rock fragmentation is dependent only near the charge, in the contact zone around the borehole. The fragmentation of the entire rock volume within a given borehole array depends on the total magnitude of the explosion pulse, determined not by the detonation velocity, but by the total energy reserve of the explosive charge. Experimental explosions with some of the most common industrial explosives have been carried out in the current conditions of blasting of borehole charges by various types of industrial explosives from the point of view to select the most important parameter, which determines its influence on the shotpile width The investigations have been carried out according to the data obtained to establish that the energy properties of explosives (heat of explosive transformation and density of explosives) determine the decisive influence on the shotpile width, and the operability, the volume of the released gases, the detonation velocity for the change in the shotpile width have very little effect and may not be taken into account in calculations for the prediction of the shotpile.
The technology of development of residue objects of precious metals placer deposits
Authors: Litvintsev Viktor , Alekseyev Vladimir , Kradenykh Irina
Published: September 2018

The domestic and foreign experience has been analyzed, showing that the problem of development of geographically close residue goldore deposits was practically not investigated. The necessity of finding new methodological and technological-economic approaches to effective and large-scale integrated management of territorially-contiguous residue placer deposits has been substantiated. A number of methodological provisions for the substantiation of this approach have been proposed, an algorithm and a computer program complex has been developed for calculating the technical and economic indicators for the simultaneous development of each of the geographically approximated residue objects of placer gold deposits. The practice of organization of merger processes in the mining sector of the economy has been analyzed, their features have been examined, the advantages and negative aspects of integration processes have been analyzed, which is an important factor in solving the economic problems of the development of these residue placers.
The technologies of application and design features of layer by layer milling machines
Authors: Cheban Anton , Khrunina Natalia
Published: September 2018

Significant quantity of surface miners, various designs and engineering factors are involved in open-cut mining. The article authors offer expanded classification of applied and perspective surface miners with regard to features of design of work tools, rock destruction tool, undercarriage and other elements.