bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A systematic study of uranium in groundwater and its correlation with other water quality parameters
Authors: Srivastava Mansi , Srivastava P. K. , Kumar Dharmendra , Kumar Ajay
Published: December 2021

A parametric investigation was carried out to estimate the Uranium concentration and other associated water quality parameters for the groundwater in Deoghar district, Jharkhand. A total of 150 groundwater samples have been collected from dig wells, hand pumps, tube wells, etc. for the pre and post-monsoon seasons. A Quantalase Uranium analyzer was used to measure the uranium concentration. The distribution of pH, TDS, DO, nitrate, sulfate, uranium, along with the radiation, has been determined. It was found that the uranium concentration in groundwater varies from 0.10 to 11.30ppb in pre-monsoon and 0.15–6.50ppb in the post-monsoon, which is well below the normal tolerance limit (i.e.30 μg/l WHO). This low availability of Uranium has been attributed to the existence of a lesser number of rocks containing uranium as a source in that area. An attempt has been made to correlate the uranium concentration with the water quality parameters for both seasons. The correlation data reveals that ORP, nitrate, phosphate, calcium, and magnesium show a positive correlation with uranium concentration for both seasons; on the other hand TDS, EC, temperature, DO, fluoride, and chloride show negative correlation. The positive correlation implies that uranium may be present in groundwater as a dissolved salt of these parameters. Comparative studies for the parameters have been done for both the seasons and various factors have been discussed for the occurrence of the same. The annual effective dose associated with the ingestion of uranium by the population of the region has been estimated using USEPA equations.
Advanced catalytic oxidation coupled to biological systems to treat pesticide-contaminated water: A review on technological trends and future challenges
Authors: Soto-Verjel Joseph , Maturana Aymer Y. , Villamizar Salvador E.
Published: December 2021

This article had the one and only objective of consolidating the couplings of advanced oxidation processes and biological systems in the decontamination of wastewater with pesticide content reported in the Scopus and Web of Science databases, through a critical analysis of which have been the most used, what methodologies have been implemented to develop them, identifying the objectives of each work, determining the success of the research and where the main niches of knowledge are, which can lead to the generation of new scientific knowledge as well as future trends. A co-occurrence analysis was carried out through the VOSViewer software to determine the most associated key words with the treatment configurations described above. Fenton and Photo-Fenton processes, heterogeneous photocatalysis TiO2/UV, electrocatalysis, ozonization and a particular case of hydrodynamic cavitation-ozone as main advanced oxidation processes, together with advanced biological processes such as sequential batch bioreactor (SBR), membrane bioreactor (MBR), mobile bed biofilm reactor (MBBR); biodegradability and toxicity tests with bacterial strains and surface wetlands, whose treatment philosophy is activated sludge. The main future trends are the reuse of treated wastewater, the analysis and control of costs towards the efficient use of resources and the primary study of the byproducts generated in advanced oxidation to improve the efficiencies in the coupling.
Práticas inclusivas em contexto: ações de comunicação acessível em Portugal e no Brasil
Authors: Cardoso Eduardo , Castelini Alessandra Lopes de Oliveira , Sousa Célia Maria Adão de Oliveira Aguiar
Published: December 2021

Este artigo objetiva discutir práticas inclusivas de comunicação acessível quanto à orientação e à prevenção de cuidados com a saúde no contexto da pandemia de COVID-19, realizadas em projetos que acontecem em Portugal e no Brasil. As práticas compreendem a produção de pranchas de comunicação acessível e de materiais educativos para educação em saúde com o emprego da Comunicação Aumentativa e Alternativa (CAA), a partir de princípios do Desenho Universal para a Aprendizagem (DUA). Tais práticas, desenvolvidas em universidades conveniadas de ambos os países, articularam estudos e pesquisadores de diferentes áreas, viabilizando a criação de produtos inclusivos, tornando mais acessível a comunicação e favorecendo os cuidados referentes à saúde em tempos de pandemia, enquanto direito de todos. A pesquisa, de cunho qualitativo, ancora-se metodologicamente em revisão narrativa de literatura. A discussão dos resultados parte de revisão bibliográfica, de legislação e de uma reflexão sobre as práticas realizadas. Consideram-se as ações educativas inovadoras ao ampliar o acesso aos informativos de enfrentamento à COVID-19, ressignificando saberes compartilhados e novas formas de aprendizagens.
Desenho universal para aprendizagem e tecnologia assistiva: complementares ou excludentes?
Authors: Oliveira Amália Rebouças de Paiva e , Gonçalves Adriana Garcia , Bracciali Lígia Maria Presumido
Published: December 2021

Com os avanços de pesquisas e legislações sobre a inclusão educacional surgiram inúmeras teorias e ações com o objetivo de favorecer a inclusão dos alunos com deficiência no contexto escolar, entre elas destacamos o Desenho Universal para Aprendizagem (DUA) e o uso da Tecnologia Assistiva (TA). Esse artigo apresenta uma discussão teórica pautada nos princípios que compõem o DUA e a TA, para tanto dissertamos como a literatura tem apontado que essas perspectivas, apesar de a priori parecerem incompatíveis, podem favorecer e ser complementares no processo de inclusão educacional.
Tecnologia da informação e comunicação e tecnologia assistiva: aproximações e distanciamentos
Authors: Sardenberg Thiago , Maia Helenice
Published: December 2021

O artigo apresenta e discute aproximações e distanciamentos entre Tecnologia da Informação e Comunicação (TIC) e Tecnologia Assistiva (TA) no campo da Educação Especial na Perspectiva da Educação Inclusiva. Buscou-se evidenciar como estes termos foram empregados na Declaração Mundial de Educação para Todos, na Declaração de Salamanca, no Fórum Mundial de Educação de Dakar, na Convenção Internacional sobre os Direitos das Pessoas com Deficiência e seu Protocolo Facultativo, na Lei Brasileira de Inclusão da Pessoa com Deficiência e em distintas publicações da Organização das Nações Unidas para a Educação, a Ciência e a Cultura. Concluiu-se que há um complexo imbricamento entre essas duas modalidades de tecnologia, sendo ambos os termos amplamente empregados de maneira intrincada por profissionais com as mais distintas formações.
Programa de treinamento para o uso da escrita alternativa: estudo de caso com um jovem com paralisia cerebral
Authors: Santos Jéssica Rodrigues , Lourenço Gerusa Ferreira
Published: December 2021

Uma das atribuições do professor de educação especial é a implementação e ensino de recursos de Tecnologia Assistiva, portanto, está pesquisa teve como objetivo desenvolver e avaliar um programa de intervenção para um jovem com Paralisia Cerebral que o possibilitasse fazer uso de um recurso de Tecnologia Assistiva para escrita alternativa. Realizou-se um estudo quase experimental de sujeito único do tipo AB, o estudo considerou como Variável Dependente o desempenho de um rapaz de 18 anos com Paralisia Cerebral, em utilizar recursos computacionais para a escrita alternativa e a Variável Independente (VI) foi um programa de intervenção que envolveu o ensino de 13 habilidades que avançavam no grau de dificuldade. Para aferir a aprendizagem do participante utilizou-se quatro tipos de auxilio: Orientação Verbal, Demonstração, Dica Gestual e Ajuda Física. Durante a coleta de dados foram utilizados objetos e recursos para escrita convencional e alternativa; questionário de caracterização do participante; protocolo de registro descritivo e de registro de evento; e filmagens dos encontros. Os resultados mostraram-se positivos quanto aos procedimentos de aplicação do programa realizado pela professora e que o ensino foi eficaz para o alcance da autonomia por parte do participante para escrita alternativa no computador.
Penumbra in Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Yi Yang , Liu Zijia , Wang Meng , Sun Mengting , Jiang Xue , Ma Chen , Xie Fei , Ma Xuemei
Published: December 2021

Acute ischemic stroke is one of the leading causes of disability and death worldwide.
The brain tissue adjacent to the central necrotic core was first defined as ischemic penumbra characterized by reduced cerebral blood flow (CBF) with electrical failure but maintained ionic homeostasis and transmembrane electrical potentials. Since then, the evolving concepts of the ischemic penumbra have been proposed based on energy metabolism, CBF thresholds and protein synthesis,
which provide insight for the diagnosis and treatment of acute ischemic stroke. This paper summarizes the recent advances in the understanding of ischemic penumbra, from its discovery to the
diagnosis methods based on imaging techniques and biomarkers, finally some of the treatments developed. In addition, we discussed future perspectives on therapeutic targets beyond ischemic penumbra to develop a treatment for acute ischemic stroke.
Iridoids Analysis by Different Analytical Techniques and its Role as Pharmacologic
Agents: A Review
Authors: Taleuzzaman Mohamad , Verma Rishabh , Arshad M. Faiz , Grover Parul , Kaur Jasmeet , Gandhi Neha , Das Vishnu
Published: December 2021

Iridoids are monoterpenoids classed with a cyclopentanopyran framework and detected
in various plants and certain special animals. In plants, it exists as glycosides, generally bound to
glucose. Around six hundred iridoid glycosides are available in fifty-seven families of plants. Iridoids
are abundant in dicotyledonous plants belonging to the Diervillaceae, Loganiaceae, Apocynaceae,
Scrophulariaceae, Lamiaceae, and Rubiaceae families. Analytical techniques like chromatography,
NMR, UPLC, etc., are used for the identification, separation, and estimation of either herbal
extracts or formulations of iridoids. Advanced analytical techniques are useful for precise and
accurate quantification of active ingredients responsible for therapeutic effects. They can be
achieved by a developed and validated robust analytical method. Iridoids have shown diverse pharmacological
properties. Some of the important activities are immunomodulatory, neuroprotective,
anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, and cardio-protective effects. The other important activities
are antimicrobial, antioxidant, hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, anticancer, choleretic, antispasmodic,
and purgative activities attributed to iridoids. There were not many efforts made in the past to
gather and review the literature on various aspects of iridoids. This review article has collected a
myriad of literature on old and advanced analytical techniques, including method development and
validation of methods for quantitative and qualitative analysis of iridoids. The review also emphasizes
the role of iridoids in the prevention of various ailments.
Dissimilar Anxiety-like Behavior in Prepubertal and Young Adult Female Rats on Acute Exposure to Aluminium
Authors: Sengupta Trina , Ghosh Sutirtha , Gaur T. Archana , Nayak Prasunpriya
Published: December 2021

Background:

Puberty is a developmental transition in which an estrogenic surge occurs,
mediating the release of xenoestrogens, like aluminium. Aluminium’s effect on anxiety in rodents at
the different developmental stages is inconsistent.

Aims:

This study aimed at investigating the effect of the metalloestrogenic property of aluminium on
anxiety-like behavioral changes in prepubertal and young adult female rats. Objective: Considering
this aim, our objective was to evaluate the anxiety-like behavior by the elevated plus maze in prepubertal and young adult female rats with or without acute exposure to aluminium.

Methods:

To address this property of aluminium, 5mg/Kg body weight (Al-5) and 10 mg/Kg body
weight (Al-10) of aluminium was administered intraperitoneally to female rats at two developmental
stages, prepubertal (PP; n = 8 for each dose) and young adult (YA; n = 6 for each dose) for two weeks.
Post-treatment, three days behavioral assessment of the rats was done employing elevated plus maze.

Results:

Reduced escape latency was seen in Al-5, Al-10 pre-pubertal rats, and Al-5 young-adult rats
on day 3. A significant reduction in open arm time was seen in the Al-5 young-adult rats. Aluminium
treatment in the pre-pubertal rats reduced their head dipping and grooming. Reduced sniffing, head
dipping, and stretch-attended posture in the treated young-adult female rats showed that they had impaired risk-taking tendency.

Conclusion:

Differential effect on the anxiety-like behavior in the pre-pubertal and young-adult female rats might be due to the metalloestrogenic property of aluminium, acting differently on the two
age groups.
The Role of Monoamine Oxidase B Inhibitors in the Treatment of Parkinson’s Disease - An Update
Authors: Koh Rhun Yian , Chew Zhi Xin , Lim Chooi Ling , Ng Khuen Yen , Chye Soi Moi , Ling Anna Pick Kiong
Published: December 2021

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterised by reduced dopamine levels in the substantial nigra. This may lead to typical motor features such as bradykinesia, resting tremors and rigid muscles, as well as non-motor symptoms such as neuropsychiatric symptoms, sleep disorders, autonomic dysfunction, and sensory disturbances. Inhibitors of monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) are used to alleviate symptoms by reducing monoamine oxidase-catalysed degradation of dopamine; hence, preserving functional levels of dopamine. The very first MAO-B inhibitor used therapeutically was selegiline, followed by rasagiline, its indane derivative which has superior efficacy and selectivity. Both inhibitors can be used as monotherapy or in combination with other anti- Parkinson drugs. Safinamide, a reversible MAO-B inhibitor that utilises both dopaminergic and non-dopaminergic mechanisms, was recently approved by the European Medicines Agency (EMA) (2015) and U.S. FDA (2017) as an add-on therapy for patients with mid- or late-stage Parkinson’s disease. Furthermore, MAO-B inhibitors were found to be associated with potential neuroprotective and disease modifying effects. However, evidence of their efficacy and role in PD models is scarce and warrants further investigation.
Corrigendum: Inhibitory Effect of Codeine on Sucrase Activity
Authors: Minai-Tehrani Dariush , Minoui Saeed , Sepehre Marzie , Sharif-Khodai Zohre , Aavani Tooka
Published: December 2021

A typographical error appeared in the author’s name of the article entitled “Inhibitory Effect of Codeine on Sucrase Activity“ by Dariush Minai-Tehrani, Saeed Minoui, Marzie Sepehre, Zohre Sharif-Khodai, Tooka Aavani, Drug Metabolism Letters, 2009; 3(1): 58-60. [1].

Details of the error and a correction are provided here.

The fourth author#039;s name in this article was misspelled. Hence it should be read as "Zohreh Sharifkhodaei" as per the request of the author.

We regret the error and apologize to readers.

The original article can be found online at: https://www.eurekaselect.com/93132/article

Original:

Zohre Sharif-Khodai

Corrected:

Zohreh Sharifkhodaei
Perspectives of Dental Practitioners Regarding Their Readiness for Medical Emergencies: A Study in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Jaber Louay , Al-Qarni Faisal , Alsaati Mohammed , Al-Nefaiee Mohammed , Shetty Ashwin C. , Shaban Sami , Zarka Rima , Aljundi Azzam , Jaber Baraa
Published: December 2021

Background:

Training dental practitioners on emergency preparedness and response is essential for the successful management of medical emergencies.

Objectives:

To assess the perceptions of dental practitioners in Saudi Arabia about their readiness to manage medical emergencies in the dental practices.

Methods:

This cross-sectional survey was conducted among dental practitioners working in 52 dental centers in Saudi Arabia. Questionnaires mainly gathered data on the measures taken by dental practitioners to prevent medical emergencies, BLS certification, availability of essential drugs and equipment, and perceptions of dental practitioners regarding the adequacy of their training for medical emergencies.

Results:

Of the total 270 participants, the majority reported that they take medical history (94%), perform visual inspection (90%), consult with patients’ physician when needed (89%), and modify treatment plan as necessary (94%). However, only 19% of them routinely take baseline vital signs for their patients and 52.6% have valid BLS certification. Only 29.6% and 16.3% of dental practitioners have reported that they have all essential drugs and equipment, respectively.

Conclusion:

The preventive measures for medical emergency appears to be deficient because most dental practitioners are not routinely taking baseline vital signs for their patients. This important issue is combined with shortage of BLS certification among dental practitioners and inadequate availability of all medical emergency drugs and equipment in dental practices.
Comparison of an Air-Fed Mask System with Hospital-Issued Personal Protection Equipments for Dental Aerosol Protection During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Bridgman John B. , Newsom Andrew L. , Chrisp David J. , Estelle Abi E. , Saunders Mark
Published: December 2021

Aim:

A pilot study was conducted with the aim of developing a system to protect the eyes, nose, and mouth from the aerosol generated from a high-speed dental handpiece during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background:

The SARS-CoV-2 virus is known to be present in the saliva of an infected individual during the contagious viral shedding phase of the disease. The use of rotary dental instruments places oral health practitioners at risk of contracting COVID-19 from infected individuals. In particular, it is very difficult to protect the mucous membranes of the face against the extremely fine aerosol produced from a high-speed dental handpiece.

Objectives:

This study aimed to develop and test a novel PPE system for use during the COVID-19 pandemic. An air-fed spray-painting mask was used under a plastic hood to protect against the aerosol from a high-speed dental handpiece. This was found to be superior compared to hospital-issued N-95 masks and eye protection in our test model.

Methods:

Subjects donned various forms of PPE whilst using a high-speed dental handpiece in a confined cubicle. The efficacy of each form of PPE was evaluated by adding fluorescein to the water coolant supply line of a high-speed dental handpiece before checking for facial contamination with an ophthalmology slit lamp.

Results:

Under our test conditions, the N-95 mask did not prevent nasal and mouth contaminations, but the combination of an air-fed mask with a sealed hood prevented these contaminations. Although goggles worn tightly did prevent contamination, the air-fed mask system was far more comfortable and did not fog up.

Discussion:

Under the rigorous test conditions of our model, we found hospital-issued PPE ineffective. We also found the single strategy of using positive airflow into a face mask ineffective, even with extremely high levels of airflow. Complete protection was only achieved reliably by the combination of physically sealing off the face from the surrounding airspace and using the air-fed system to provide an external source of air to breathe. We effectively made the clinical equivalent of a dive bell helmet. The air-fed mask is supplied by a standard dental air compressor and is simple to install for someone familiar with the technical aspects of compressors. The compressor does not rely on a filter and proves effective with cheap and easily accessible disposable items.

Conclusion:

Under rigorous testing conditions, the developed air-fed mask system with a sealed hood on low flow performed better than hospital-issued PPE against high-speed dental aerosol protection. The developed system protects the operators from the air of the room contaminated with aerosol and brings in safe air from the outside for them to breathe.
Prosocial Behaviors Among the Vietnamese Population During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Implications for Social Education Programs
Authors: Thu Trang Vu , Vu Dung , Lee Kyesun , Thi Mai Lan Nguyen , Minh Nguyet Le , Dinh Bao Phan Phung , Hoang Thi Diem Ngoc Tran , Xuan Long Nguyen , Tien Nam Pham
Published: December 2021

Objective:

The objectives of this study were to estimate the prevalence of prosocial behaviors and to examine associated factors among the Vietnamese people during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods:

Two hundred and ninety-two Vietnamese people participated in the study through web-based respondent network sampling.

Result:

Findings showed that the prevalence of high prosocial behaviors was 75.3%.

Conclusion:

In the multivariable regression models, significant factors for prosocial behaviors were institutional trust and age. Implications for social education programs were also discussed in this study.
The Survey of Fungal Contamination in the Air Flowing Out of Air Conditioners (Coolers) in a Car
Authors: Parsay Shima , Hashemi Seyed J. , A. Mohammadi Mahmood , Daie-Ghazvini Roshanak , Rafat Zahra , Bakhshi Heidar , Ebrahimi Robab
Published: December 2021

Background:

Fungi are among the most important microorganisms in the air. The air conditioner (cooler) in a car can be an important reservoir for infectious agents, especially fungal species. The present study aimed to measure the fungal contamination in the air flowing out of air conditioners.

Objective:

In this study 138 cars including 69 Iranian-made cars and 69 cars made by foreign companies were examined.

Methods:

The plating technique was used. In this study, in each car, 2 plates were placed for 5 minutes when the air conditioner was on and also 2 plates were placed for 5 minutes when the air conditioner was off.

Results:

A total of 2442 colonies were isolated. The most common isolated fungi were Cladosporium spp. (25.55%), Penicillium spp. (6.14%) and Aspergillus niger (3.03%). The highest number of isolated fungal elements was observed in the Iranian-made cars during summer season (P-value<0.05). Furthermore, the growth rate of colonies on the plates placed on the front and rear seats of cars did not vary considerably (P-value > 0.05).

Conclusion:

Air conditioners of Iranian-made cars can be an important source for fungal transmission to the human respiratory system that is important, especially in susceptible people to allergic diseases and patients with immunodeficiency.
Neuroinflammation, Diabetes and COVID-19: Perspectives Coming from
Ca2+/cAMP Signalling
Authors: Bergantin Leandro Bueno
Published: December 2021

A link between inflammatory diseases, e.g,. epilepsy, dementia, diabetes, and
COVID-19, has been established. For instance, observational studies involving several individuals
reported that people with epilepsy show an enhanced incidence of manifesting dysfunctions related
to cognition, e.g., dementia, while people with dementia have a higher incidence of manifesting
epilepsy, thus an evident bidirectional relationship between epilepsy and dementia might occur. In
addition, epilepsy commonly cooccurs in patients with diabetes, indicating an association between
these two disorders. Intriguingly, some reports have also observed a poor prognosis of people with
both diabetes and COVID-19. It is recognized that a dyshomeostasis of both Ca2+ and cAMP signalling
pathways could be a molecular connection for these disorders. Therefore, clarifying this
clinical relationship among epilepsy, dementia, diabetes, and COVID-19 may outcome in novel hypotheses
for identifying the etiology of these disorders.
plurality of Tuban Regency
Authors: Suryanto Hari , Retnowati Retnowati , Wijayanti Lucky , Gathmyr M. Raudy
Published: December 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic necessitates the use of all sectors in communication through online media based on using Internet networks and audio-visual technology. Gedog Tuban Batik fabric has the potential to develop the motifs and coloring of the fabric that can be done by batik artisans. Meanwhile, the impact of COVID-19 has resulted in a decline in the economic activity of artisans. To overcome this, a method of empowering the Tuban community is needed so that they can continue to produce Tuban batik. The community is equipped to express themselves through audio and visual media as well as coloring and motifs for developing Gedog batik with the citizen journalist method and applied art. This is an ethnographic research using qualitative methods. The data collection techniques were done through in-depth interviews and observations. The results of the study show that through the empowerment of local resources, the Tuban community has an alternative activity, namely batik making in order to survive during the pandemic. The residents of Tuban are agents of information in terms of how to produce, distribute, and exhibit Gedog batik through their smart phone technology.
Biotoilizer automatic system prototype : automatic fertilization system integrated with bio-toilet based on Internet of Things (IOT)
Authors: Erdiandini Ira , Rizamel Rizamel , Kusuma Nagari Angelic , Dzakiyuddin Muhaimin Ahmad , Lusi Lusi
Published: December 2021

Human urine is one of the primary wastes in urban areas, which has not been maximally processed and utilized until now. Human urine can be processed into biofertilizer with special processing procedures to minimize the negative impact of using urine as fertilizer and avoid odor, dirt, and contamination of pathogenic bacteria in the processing process. This prototype aims to design a Biotoilizer Automatic System with processing human urine into a biofertilizer and an automatic fertilization system. This system is equipped with a DC water pump, pH sensor, YL-69 sensor, ultrasonic sensor, real-time clock (RTC) NodeMCU microcontroller, and Arduino Uno. The method used in this research is an experimental method by designing technical designs and making prototypes of an Internet of Things (IoT) based automatic fertilization system that utilizes solar panels and is integrated with Bio toilets and designing software. The system's test results can process urine into a biofertilizer and fertilize automatically 95% based on regulated conditions and can be monitored with an application via a smartphone
Effect of temperature and duration of thermal pasteurization on polyphenol oxidase (PPO) enzyme activity, total plate count (TPC), physicochemical and organoleptic properties of Cavendish banana fruit juice (Musa cavendishii)
Authors: Dwi Argo Bambang , Damayanti Cici , Wulandari Anik , Mianadhiroh Umi
Published: December 2021

This research aims to determine the effect of temperature and duration of thermal pasteurization process in Cavendish banana juice. Cavendish banana is an abundant cultivated banana that has not been used properly, which is a climacteric fruit that has increased ethylene production after harvesting. Cavendish bananas have great potential as fruit juice. Pasteurization was carried out at temperatures of 55, 60, 65, 70 and 75 ℃ for 5, 10, and 15 minutes. Pasteurization with higher temperature and time can increase the total dissolved sugar and viscosity as well as decrease the pH value and PPO enzyme activity. The reducing sugar content of Cavendish banana juice was determined using the DNSA method with the greatest value at 55 ℃ for 5 minutes, which is 9.53%. Meanwhile, the content of phenol and flavonoid was determined using the Krishnan and Sinija method. The highest value of phenol and flavonoid content at 60 ℃ for 5 minutes, was 0.1728 mg GAE/g and 0.1583 mg QE/g sample. Antioxidant activity was determined using the DPPH method and the greatest percentage of inhibition at 60 ℃ for 5 minutes, which is 61.60%. Vitamin C levels were identified by the UV-Vis spectrophotometry method with the greatest value at 55 ℃ for 5 minutes, which is 1.1409 mg /100 g. The Total Plate Count (TPC) of Cavendish banana juice decreased after pasteurization with the smallest total number of bacteria at 75 ℃ for 15 minutes, with a value of 3.2×101 CFU/ml. Pasteurization process at 75 ℃ for 15 minutes can reduce the activity of PPO enzyme as much as 97%. In the organoleptic test, preferred level of Cavendish banana juice to all attributes of the average hedonic scale with the category of the likes.
FORMULASI ETIKA BISNIS HALAL THAYYIB DALAM PERSPEKTIF MAQASHID SYARIAH KONTEMPORER JASSER AUDA
Authors: Chanifah Nur
Published: December 2021

This study aims to find the formulation of thayyib halal business ethics in the perspective of contemporary maqashid syaria. In Indonesia there are many fraudulent investments under the guise of syari'ah. In fact, Islamic business has the principle of a halal thayyib business that prioritizes the benefit and prosperity of every creature as a form of implementing maqashid sharia. Therefore, it is important to study this problem so that business ethics can be more contextual with current conditions. This research is included in normative research with a conceptual approach and an analytical approach. The data collection method uses literature review. While the research data analysis using descriptive-qualitative. The results show that: first, the formulation of the halal thayyib business in the perspective of Jasser Auda's contemporary maqashid syari'ah is a description of one of the maqashid sharia, namely to maintain and fulfill the desire and benefit of wealth (hifdzul mal). This concept can be viewed in terms of how to get it or in terms of maintaining the property that is already owned. Second, halal thayyib business ethics includes the prohibition on containing elements of usury, gharar, maisir, ihtikar, and bai' najasy'. Meanwhile, the Maqashid sharia is to avoid the practice of tyranny against business people, to avoid gharar in buying and selling transactions so that it is free from fade, loss, and injustice in business transactions, avoiding laziness from work due to dreams and speculation, and to avoid "false requests". which can cause loss or injustice.
PENGATURAN PENYELENGGARAAN IBADAH UMRAH DALAM PERSPEKTIF HAK ATAS KESEHATAN
Authors: Kusnali Asep , Rustika Rustika , Anggriani Riati , Maimunah Siti , Budiman Haris
Published: December 2021

The government has issued regulations to ensure the health of Umrah pilgrims however there is no standard of health care for the Umrah pilgrims, either before departing, while traveling and in Saudi Arabia or returning to Indonesia. This study analyzes the Umrah health regulations and their implementation in the perspective of the rights to health. This research is a legal research design with sociological jurisprudence because the object under study is the application of law. The results of this study have explained that the right to health of Umrah pilgrims has been guaranteed in Law no. 8 of 2019 concerning the Implementation of Hajj and Umrah. However, there are still obstacles in the implementation which are the responsibility of the Umrah Travel Organizer, so it is necessary to make a policy by the ministry that organizes affairs in the health sector after carrying out affairs in the field of religion.
MUZARA’AH DENGAN SISTEM MURABAHAH SEBAGAI UPAYA MENSTABILKAN HARGA KEDELAI DIMASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Susanti Dyah
Published: December 2021

The purpose of this study was to determine the characteristics of the muzara'ah akad with the murabahah system as an alternative in stabilizing soybean prices during the covid-19 pandemic. This normative legal research using statute and conceptual approach, shows that the characteristics of a muzara'ah akad with a murabahah system can be seen from 4 (four) things, namely: First, it consists of 4 (four) people, namely Islamic Banks, Soybean Farmers, Cultivators, and Tempe Producers; Second, the object in the muzara'ah akad with the murabahah system is the form of agricultural capital for the first transaction, and soybeans for the second and third. Third, in this akad, the bank, soybean farmers, and cultivators get a profit, while tempe traders do not get a profit in the form of a margin, but tempe producers benefit, because they can buy soybeans at a lower price. Fourth, soybean farmers who do not have the funds or costs or capital to buy seeds, fertilizers, agricultural equipment, and so on can apply for financing to the bank.
Phytogenic Synthesis of Nanoparticles from the Extract of Achyranthes aspera-A Panacea for Dental Health Care
Authors: Khatak Sunita
Published: December 2021

Achyranthes aspera belongs to Amaranthaceae family and is found in barren and arid regions in India. The plants are categorized as a weed in Ceylon, Asia, Africa and Australia but tribal communities in India have known its benefits for topical treatments of many ailments from Vedic civilizations. The leaf, stem and root aqueous extracts were used for monometallic zinc and bimetallic copper-zinc nanoparticle synthesis and testing antibacterial activity against the diseases causing drug resistant bacterial pathogens viz. Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus subtilis using standard methods. Microbes confirmed that the plant contains bioactive compounds that exhibit measurable antimicrobial activity against standard pathogenic bacteria. The nanoparticle synthesis was confirmed by visual color change and UV spectroscopic evaluation of solution. The different plant parts showed different absorption peak at 328 nm,298 nm for roots and stem while 395 nm for leaves in case of zinc nanoparticles while bimetallic Copper-Zinc nanoparticles resulted in peaks at 402.0,400.8 and 402.0 nm for leaf, root and stem respectively. The synthesized nanoparticles of zinc and copper zinc from all three plant parts were further tested for their as cariogenic potential against cariogenic pathogen Streptococcus mutans which resulted in significant zones of inhibition. The plant has antimicrobial literature using organic solvent extracts where researchers reported negligible activity of different plant parts while nanoparticle synthesis resulted in potent zone of inhibition. The bimetallic Cu-Zn will enhance its potential to be used in mask and PPE kits for safety concerns.
Pintor de Retratos', de Assis Brasil
Authors: Estanislau de Ataíde Mantovani Juliana , De Oliveira Araujo Amanda Karen
Published: December 2021

Neste artigo nos propomos a analisar a história da fotografia recontada literariamente no romance O pintor de retratos, de Luiz Antonio de Assis Brasil. Por meio da trajetória de Sandro Lanari, um jovem pintor retratista que tenta se equilibrar diante da modernidade e do advento da fotografia, o autor traça um retrato histórico e social do século XIX, resgatando conflitos e questões artísticas que sucederam a invenção fotográfica, como o declínio dos pintores retratistas e o embate entre pintores e fotógrafos. Nesse estudo, portanto, partindo do enredo da obra, demonstraremos o modo como a história da fotografia e a literatura se relacionam, concluindo que é impossível tratar desse romance sem nos deparar com o tema e os mecanismos que envolvem o processo fotográfico. Buscaremos demonstrar que, apesar da ausência material de imagens, trata-se de uma obra fotoliterária, considerando que a fotografia desempenha papel estruturante na narrativa.
As janelas discretas de Alexandre O'Neill
Authors: Frias Joana Matos
Published: December 2021

Quadros, quadrinhos e desenquadros, fotografias de janelas, persianas e defenes­trados: em 1981, o livro de Alexandre O’Neill As Horas já de Núme­ros Vestidas reúne uma sequência de composições que parecem querer dar res­pos­ta aos ver­sos anteriores de A Saca de Orelhas “Onde começa um poema? / (…) // No espaço quadrado da folha de papel? / (…) // Ou no espaço redondo em que te moves?”. Nesse conjunto, a série escrita “para fotografias de Irene Buarque” cumpre uma evidente função de regência que requer a devida iluminação.
The reasons why the Regression Tree Method is more suitable than General Linear Model to analyze complex educational datasets
Authors: Gomes Cristiano Mauro Assis , Lemos Gina C , Jelihovschi Enio G.
Published: January 2022

Any quantitative method is shaped by certain rules or assumptions which constitute its own rationale. It is not by chance that these assumptions determine the conditions and constraints which permit the evidence to be constructed. In this article, we argue why the Regression Tree Method’s rationale is more suitable than General Linear Model to analyze complex educational datasets. Furthermore, we apply the CART algorithm of Regression Tree Method and the Multiple Linear Regression in a model with 53 predictors, taking as outcome the students’ scores in reading of the 2011’s edition of the National Exam of Upper Secondary Education (ENEM; N = 3,670,089), which is a complex educational dataset. This empirical comparison illustrates how the Regression Tree Method is better suitable than General Linear Model for furnishing evidence about non-linear relationships, as well as, to deal with nominal variables with many categories and ordinal variables. We conclude that the Regression Tree Method constructs better evidence about the relationships between the predictors and the outcome in complex datasets.
Densidad, velocidad del ultrasonido y módulo dinámico de madera sólida y laminada de Pinus pseudostrobus.
Authors: Macedo Alquicira Isarael , Sotomayor Castellanos Javier Ramón
Published: December 2021

La madera laminada potencialmente puede sustituir a la madera sólida para elaborar un material de ingeniería menos variable y más homogéneo. Existe poca información que compare simultáneamente, y en una misma especie, las velocidades del ultrasonido y los módulos dinámicos en madera sólida versus laminada. El objetivo de la investigación fue verificar experimentalmente, en probetas de pequeñas dimensiones, si las características de la madera laminada de Pinus pseudostrobus son similares a las de la madera sólida. Para ello, se calcularon sus densidades y se realizaron pruebas de ultrasonido en las direcciones radial, tangencial y longitudinal. También, se determinaron las velocidades y los módulos dinámicos. Los resultados indican que la densidad de la madera laminada aumenta en comparación con la de la madera sólida. Las velocidades y los módulos dinámicos disminuyen en las direcciones radial y tangencial; en cambio, aumentan para la dirección longitudinal. Se verificó experimentalmente que las magnitudes de la densidad, la velocidad y el módulo dinámico en madera laminada son similares a las de madera sólida de esta especie. La variabilidad en las características estudiadas disminuye como efecto de reconstituir madera sólida. Para las velocidades y los módulos dinámicos de la madera sólida, sus relaciones de anisotropía muestran proporciones similares a las encontradas en la literatura, pero las magnitudes son particulares a cada especie. La investigación aporta datos de referencia y demuestra que la madera sólida y laminada, de P. pseudostrobus puede ser caracterizada con un método no destructivo.
Gradiente altitudinal y su influencia en las características edafoclimáticas de los bosques tropicales
Authors: Murga-Orrillo Hipolito , Coronado Jorge Manuel Fernando , Abanto-Rodríguez Carlos , Lobo Francisco De Almeida
Published: December 2021

Los gradientes altitudinales pueden generar límites ambientales, influyendo en el crecimiento y desarrollo de las especies vegetales. Se tuvo por objetivo identificar las variaciones edafoclimáticas en gradientes altitudinales y su influencia en los bosques tropicales. Se buscaron artículos de investigación con ámbito geográfico entre 27º N y 27º S de latitud, con influencia de gradientes altitudinales entre 0 m y 5000 m. Se sistematizó la información, organizándose en temáticas del clima, en las propiedades fisicoquímicas y biológicas del suelo, y en el comportamiento de las especies forestales. Se determinó que la temperatura media anual (TMA) disminuye conforme aumenta la altitud; y la precipitación anual (PA) presenta máximos pluviales en altitudes medias. Los valores del pH del suelo disminuyen hasta 3000 m, aumentando sobre esta altitud; sin embargo, la materia orgánica, carbono orgánico, carbono total (CT), nitrógeno total (NT) y la relación C/N del suelo aumentan hasta 3000 m; sobre esta altitud los valores disminuyen. El potasio (K), el calcio (Ca), el magnesio (Mg), el fierro (Fe), y el aluminio (Al) del suelo disminuyen con el aumento de la altitud por influencia de las bajas temperaturas y humedad del suelo (HS). La variación edafoclimática en los gradientes altitudinales interactúa con las especies forestales, afectando las respuestas fisiológicas, disminuyendo su crecimiento y altura con el aumento de la altitud; del mismo modo disminuye su densidad y diversidad con el aumento de la altitud. Las especies forestales de los trópicos prosperan en amplios o estrechos límites altitudinales y edafoclimáticos, por lo que identificar estos límites es fundamental no solo en términos ecológicos, sino también políticos y económicos, para diseñar políticas efectivas de uso de la tierra y de conservación.
Volume change in compacted claystone-bentonite mixtures as affected by the swamp acidic water
Authors: Arifin Yulian Firmana , Arsyad Muhammad , Monica Jeane , Agus Setianto Samingan
Published: December 2021

Water containing sulfuric acid with a pH up to 3 is prevalent in swampy areas. This article focuses on the effects of the solution on volume change of compacted claystone?bentonite mixture. Claystone was obtained from Banjarbakula landfill and it was mixed with bentonite on a 5, 10, 15, and 20% dry mass basis. Samples possessed the dry density of 16 kN/m3 and moisture content of 10, 15, and 20%. The odometer examined the samples' swelling and compression in both pure and acidic water. Characterization tests i.e., XRF, XRD, and FTIR were also performed. The results showed that swelling and compression were affected by initial moisture and bentonite content. Samples with a moisture content of 20% showed compression in acidic water. Acidic water changed the water absorbed on the clay surface without altering the mineral. A mixture containing 20% bentonite compacted to optimum moisture content was found at best in reducing the acidic water effects.
Reaching Patients With Noncommunicable Diseases in Rural Tanzania Using Mobile Devices and Community Trust: Qualitative Study
Authors: Miyashita Ayano , Nakamura Keiko , Ohnishi Mayumi , Bintabara Deogratius , Shayo Festo K , Maro Isaac I , Sato Hideko , Seino Kaoruko , Kibusi Stephen
Published: December 2021

Background

A health service using mobile devices, mobile health (mHealth), has been widely applied to programs focusing on maternal and child health and communicable diseases in sub-Saharan African countries. However, mHealth apps for noncommunicable disease (NCD) services remain limited.

Objective

This study aimed to explore the acceptability and potential usability of SMS text messaging for patients and health care providers for the management of NCDs as part of an implementation research in rural Tanzania.

Methods

Nine focus group discussions were conducted with 56 participants (21 community health workers [CHWs], 17 patients, and 18 health care professionals [HPs]) in 3 districts in the Dodoma region, Tanzania. The interview guides were prepared in Swahili, and each session was recorded, transcribed, and translated into English. The focus group discussions consisted of the following topics: (1) perceptions of the participants about the possible use of mobile devices and SMS text messages as an mHealth platform in community health services; and (2) experiences of mobile device use in health activities or receiving health services via a mobile phone in the past.

Results

CHWs and HPs reported having familiarity using mobile devices to provide health services, especially for reaching or tracing patients in remote settings; however, patients with NCDs were less familiar with the use of mobile devices compared with the other groups. Hesitation to receive health services via SMS text messaging was seen in the patient group, as they wondered who would send health advice to them. Some patients expected services beyond what mHealth could do, such as aiding in recovery from a disease or sending notifications about the availability of prescription medications. CHWs showed interest in using text messaging to provide health services in the community; however, the concerns raised by CHWs included the cost of using their own mobile devices. Moreover, they demanded training about NCD management before engaging in such an activity.

Conclusions

This study explored views and experiences regarding the possible installation of an mHealth intervention for managing NCDs in rural Tanzania. Although HPs and CHWs had experience using mobile devices to provide health services in non-NCD projects, only a few patients (3/17, 17%) had heard about the use of mobile devices to receive health services. To improve the suitability and acceptability of the intervention design for patients with NCDs, their trust must be earned. Involving CHWs in the intervention is recommended because they have already been appointed in the community and already know how to communicate effectively with patients in the area.
Erianthus Plant: A Rich Silica Source for Extraction of Amorphous Silica
Authors: Sein Thet Mya Mya , Aung Ei Mon
Published: December 2021

In this paper, Erianthus plant, a grass type of lignocellulosic biomass, is presented as an alternative source for the production of amorphous silica. Thermal treatment (combustion) of Erianthus plant under a controlled temperature of 600–900°C produces Erianthus Ash (EA). Then, silica powder was extracted from EA by the chemical extraction method. In this work, the effect of treatment temperature on the preparation of EA and extracted silica is studied. The EA samples and extracted silica are noted as EA600 – EA900 and Si600 – Si900 respectively with respect to the treatment temperature. To evaluate the effect of the concentration of NaOH solution on the purity of silica, NaOH solution (2–3 N) is verified in this work. The results revealed that the pure amorphous silica can be extracted using a 2.5 N NaOH solution from EA800. The percentage of amorphous silica with a purity of about 99% was confirmed by X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF).
Evaluation of Drying Air Conditions for Antiozonant Wax Drying Process in the Spray Drying Tower
Authors: Christwardana Marcelinus , Miftahushudury Ifa
Published: December 2021

The drying technique of Antiozonant Wax (AOW) using drying air in the spray drying tower has a considerable effect on the produced AOW powder. In this study, the drying air flow rate was measured in such a way that AOW can transform into a powder with a size of 800 mesh. The diameter and height of the spray drying tower are 1 and 6 m, respectively. Meanwhile, the AOW flow rate to the spray drying tower varies from 100 kg/hour to 500 kg/hour. The intake AOW temperature was 70 °C and at the outlet was 40 °C, while the drying air temperatures in and out of the spray drying tower were 30 and 55 °C, respectively. From the calculation results, the flow rate of the drying air is directly proportional to the flow rate of the AOW into the spray drying tower but inversely proportional to the speed of the AOW powder down the spray drying tower. In the meantime, the drying period for AOW to become a powder is between 1.033 – 1.279 s, not significantly different. It gives insight into the need to dry air in the spray drying tower configuration so that the findings will conform to the predetermined requirements.