bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
As múltiplas dimensões da crise hídrica.
Authors: Tundisi José Galizia , Tundisi Takako Matsumura
Published: May 2016

This work presents an overall assessment of the complex problems resulting from water crises. Besides offering an analysis and a diagnostic assessment, it also puts forward solutions for crisis control, risk reduction, and integrated management through effective and participatory governance. It highlights the linkages between water safet y, water crisis, availability of water resources and social stability
Crise hídrica: desafios e superação
Authors: Cirilo José Almir
Published: May 2016

Among the great challenges posed for the future of humankind, the issue of water is of paramount importance, as it is a scarce resource essential for human survival, for maintaining ecosystems, and which serves as input to all productionrelated activities. This paper deals with the issue globally and centers its focus on Brazil´s distinctive features. It highlights key challenges to overcome, such as the difficulties for human and industrial supply, the growing water demand for food production, for energy generation, and possible impacts of climate change on water resources
O sistema Aquífero Guarani e a crise hídrica nas regiões de campinas e são paulo (sp)
Authors: Hirata Ricardo , Conicelli Bruno Pirilo , Pinhatti Antonio , Luiz Mariana Bernardino , Porto Rubem , Ferrari Luiz
Published: May 2016

The Guarani Aquifer System (GAS) is one of the most important fresh water sources for São Paulo State. Because of its large capacity and high resilience to drought, it has been considered for supplying the municipalities located in the Northwest region of the Piracicaba, Capivari and Jundiaí Rivers watersheds, as part of a strategy to mitigate the effects of the water crisis striking the metropolitan region of São Paulo. This is the first time such a large volume of groundwater is being directed for urban public supply, which has turned such project into a pioneering experience. Studies have shown that the GAS in the outcropping Itirapina region (SP) could produce discharges of >1 m3 /s from 24 wells (300 m). Besides providing those cities with additional water supply, the GAS would also increase water security because of the variety of supplying sources and the high resilience of groundwater resources
Crise hídrica, saúde e parâmetros de qualidade microbiológica da água no Brasil
Authors: Spilki Fernando Rosado
Published: May 2016

Viruses and other microorganisms are responsible for waterborne diseases such as gastroenteritis and hepatitis. The microbial contamination markers currently adopted (fecal coliforms) already show how seriously Brazilian waters are contaminated by fecal matters. However, some evidences suggest that additional parameters should be adopted for monitoring the microbiological quality of water. The extent of waste collection and treatment activities in Brazil is alarming; and waste is a major source of contamination of our waters. Also, microbial contamination agents are only partially monitored, and all of these factors lead to the current situation in which we are faced with various endemic waterborne diseases. Such vulnerable situation is likely to aggravate more when water is scarce.
Reúso potável direto e o desafio dos poluentes emergentes
Authors: Hespanhol Ivanildo
Published: May 2016

Besides traditional pollutants, the sources of water available for public supply contain emerging pollutants, both chemicals and biological ones. Conventional water and wastewater treatment systems operating in Brazil are not able to generate effluents of sufficient quality to be used as sources of drinking water. Since potable reuse is poised to be a key tool for managing water resources in critical areas, advanced treatment systems are proposed to provide safe water for public supply.
A educomunicação possível: uma análise da proposta curricular do MEC para o Ensino Básico
Authors: Soares Ismar De Oliveira
Published: May 2016

Este artigo diz respeito a um momento histórico na definição das políticas de Educação, no Brasil, buscando nele colher e avaliar informações sobre o pensamento da elite brasileira quanto aos possíveis processos de aproximação entre a Comunicação, suas linguagens e tecnologias e a Educação Básica. Toma como objeto de estudo, o esboço de proposta de reforma curricular, disponibilizado para consulta pública, no segundo semestre de 2015. O documento fora elaborado sob responsabilidade da Secretaria de Educação Básica do Ministério da Educação, em decorrência da aprovação, em julho de 2014, pelo Congresso, do Plano Nacional de Educação.
Desafios e possibilidades educomunicativas na produção editorial e na mediação de livros-aplicativos
Authors: Pinto Samira Almeida
Published: May 2016

Este artigo descreve desafios e oportunidades experimentados por profissionais da cadeia de produção e difusão do livro infantojuvenil diante da emergência de inovações no suporte de leitura (agora eletrônico) e na linguagem (agora hipermídia). O objetivo desta sistematização – executada como monografia apresentada para obtenção do título de especialista em Educomunicação em 2015 – é possibilitar que a comunicação entre criadores, publicadores, pesquisadores e mediadores seja gerida de forma a garantir a riqueza de conteúdos e, ao mesmo tempo, sua clareza e harmonia: essencial para engajar leitores e promover experiências novas e profundas com a leitura, considerando seu impacto na criação da linguagem e na visão de mundo do indivíduo.
Relative Risk Factors for Cardiac Erosion Following Transcatheter Closure of Atrial Septal Defects
Authors: McElhinney Doff B. , Quartermain Michael D. , Kenny Damien , Alboliras Ernerio , Amin Zahid
Published: May 2016

Background—

Transcatheter closure of secundum atrial septal defects (ASD) using the Amplatzer septal occluder is generally safe and effective, but erosion into the pericardial space or aorta has been described. Although the absolute risk of this complication is low, there has been no assessment of relative risk factors.

Methods and Results—

All erosions reported to St. Jude Medical after ASD closure with an Amplatzer septal occluder (cases) were compared with controls (matched 2:1) who underwent ASD closure but did not develop an erosion. A total of 125 erosions were reported between 2002 and 2014, including 95 with an available echocardiogram. The median duration from implant to erosion was 14 days, but was >1 year in 16 patients. Nine patients (all age ≥17 years) who died were more likely to have an oversized device, and to have erosion into the aorta, than survivors. Aortic or superior vena cava rim deficiencies were more common in cases than in controls. In addition, larger balloon-sized ASD diameter, Amplatzer septal occluder device size, and device size–ASD diameter difference, and smaller weight:device size ratio were associated with erosion. On multivariable analysis, deficiency of any rim, device >5 mm larger than ASD diameter, and weight:device size ratio were associated with erosion.

Conclusions—

In addition to aortic rim deficiency, which was almost universal among erosion cases, there were several relative risk factors for erosion after ASD closure with the Amplatzer septal occluder device. To understand the mechanisms of and absolute risk factors for this uncommon but serious complication, an adequately powered prospective study with thorough echocardiographic evaluation will be critical.
Bone Morphogenetic Protein Receptor Type 2 Mutation in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Authors: van der Bruggen Cathelijne E. , Happé Chris M. , Dorfmüller Peter , Trip Pia , Spruijt Onno A. , Rol Nina , Hoevenaars Femke P. , Houweling Arjan C. , Girerd Barbara , Marcus Johannes T. , Mercier Olaf , Humbert Marc , Handoko M. Louis , van der Velden Jolanda , Vonk Noordegraaf Anton , Bogaard Harm Jan , Goumans Marie-José , de Man Frances S.
Published: May 2016

Background—

The effect of a mutation in the bone morphogenetic protein receptor 2 (
BMPR2
) gene on right ventricular (RV) pressure overload in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension is unknown. Therefore, we investigated RV function in patients who have pulmonary arterial hypertension with and without the
BMPR2
mutation by combining in vivo measurements with molecular and histological analysis of human RV and left ventricular tissue.

Methods and Results—

In total, 95 patients with idiopathic or familial pulmonary arterial hypertension were genetically screened for the presence of a
BMPR2
mutation: 28 patients had a
BMPR2
mutation, and 67 patients did not have a
BMPR2
mutation. In vivo measurements were assessed using right heart catheterization and cardiac MRI. Despite a similar mean pulmonary artery pressure (noncarriers 54±15 versus mutation carriers 55±9 mm Hg) and pulmonary vascular resistance (755 [483–1043] versus 931 [624–1311] dynes·s
−1
·cm
−5
), mutation carriers presented with a more severely compromised RV function (RV ejection fraction: 37.6±12.8% versus 29.0±9%:
P
<0.05; cardiac index 2.7±0.9 versus 2.2±0.4 L·min
−1
·m
−2
). Differences continued to exist after treatment. To investigate the role of transforming growth factor β and bone morphogenetic protein receptor II signaling, human RV and left ventricular tissue were studied in controls (n=6), mutation carriers (n=5), and noncarriers (n=11). However, transforming growth factor β and bone morphogenetic protein receptor II signaling, and hypertrophy, apoptosis, fibrosis, capillary density, inflammation, and cardiac metabolism, as well, were similar between mutation carriers and noncarriers.

Conclusions—

Despite a similar afterload, RV function is more severely affected in mutation carriers than in noncarriers. However, these differences cannot be explained by a differential transforming growth factor β, bone morphogenetic protein receptor II signaling, or cardiac adaptation.
The End of Choreography As We Know It
Authors: Covito Ellen C.
Published: May 2016

On January 26, 1972, Vesna Vulović fell from an exploding airplane onto a frozen mountainside in northern Czechoslovakia—and survived. The 33,330 feet physical downfall of the Serbian flight attendant is registered in the Guinness Book of Records as the highest free fall a human has lived through. The reason her JAT Flight 367 exploded that day remains unknown. The local investigation committee claimed there had been a bomb planted by a Croatian nationalist group. Soon afterwards, the Yugoslav government singled out the criminals as the fascist terrorist organization Ustaše, though the group had been dormant since the end of World War II. In recent years, some journalists concluded that the plane was shot down by mistake by the Czechoslovak Air Force—a claim that the Czech Civilian Aviation Authority immediately dismissed as a conspiracy theory. The reason Vesna survived is as controversial as the cause of explosion. Nevertheless, there is a simple explanation for why she fell from the sky, thanks to Sir Isaac Newton: gravity was at work.
Short Reviews
Authors: Teneriello Susan
Published: May 2016

Gabriele Brandstetter's Poetics of Dance has remained unavailable to English-language readers until now. Widely considered a landmark book of dance scholarship when it first appeared in Germany in 1995, this provocative analysis of the early twentieth-century avant-garde in Europe is sure to continue to influence a new audience. The book's initial publication advanced the application of critical theory and interdisciplinary approaches to dance that now constitute the field of critical dance studies. Caringly translated by Elena Polzer with Oxford Studies in Dance Theory series editor Mark Franko, this work remains a unique analysis of modernity that illuminates dance as an “act of transmission,” a bridge through theatre, literature, and visual arts altering relationships to how movement is reproduced and how space is conceptualized. Brandstetter's central premise expands through reading body imagery as a historically specific context from which the iconography of pictorial patterns open up perceptual concepts. The interdependency between new models and vocabularies of modern dance and literature appearing at the turn-of-the-twentieth century brace the argument that avant-garde aesthetic debates and concerns moved through body imagery and figurations in space. The poetics of free dance (and later forms of Expressionist dance appearing in Germany) as it took shape in Europe foregrounds the dancer's movement as a transformative language and symbolic system of cultural deconstruction and renewal.
The Right to Self-Determination of Ethnic Groups: The Canton of Jura in Switzerland
Authors: Reuter Tina Kempin
Published: May 2016

The right to self-determination of peoples has become interconnected with the rights of ethnic groups, including the right to determine the group’s own affairs and to participate in the decision-making process of the state. This article argues that a “people-centred” understanding of the right to self-determination is evolving in international law in response to emerging claims of non-traditional non-state actors such as ethnic groups. The case study of the establishment and continuing negotiations over the boundaries of the canton of Jura in Switzerland serves as an illustration of such a “people-centred” approach to self-determination. Findings suggest that the approach taken by the Bernese and Jurassians can serve as a role model for other ethnic groups in constitutional democracies with territorial claims.
Hybrid Identity: Youth in Digital Networks
Authors: Faix Tobias
Published: May 2016

Scarcely anything influences today’s young generation as intensely as global and digital developments. Confusing real places in everyday life and virtual places in online communities leads to an acting out of their hybrid identity in the context of globalisation. These new opportunities consequently create new, often ambivalent, forms of identity in adolescents. Thus the boundaries between the virtual and the real world coalesce, the two can no longer be separated. What significance does spirituality have for this generation? How can youth ministry react? This article aims to link the intersection of globalisation, digital networks and virtual reality with the spirituality of adolescents, and to find out what a contextualisation of a Christian youth ministry could look like in these intersections.
The Christian Story of the Body as the Ritual Plot for Youth Ministry
Authors: Norheim Bård Eirik Hallesby
Published: May 2016

The rationale for a special ministry to and with young people has often been rooted in narratives of culture or developmental psychology. This article argues that the Christian story of the body as it is unfolded in most Christian funeral rituals should be the story that orders youth ministry. Based on an understanding of youth as a phase of transition, a reading of the narrative of the Hunger Games trilogy, ritual theory, and contemporary theological engagements with the body and embodiment, the article argues that youth ministry should be ordered by the Christian story of the body as created, finite and living under the hope of resurrection. Making this story the ritual plot in youth ministry turns youth ministry into a catechesis of hope.
Evolution in karst massifs: Cryptic diversity among bent-toed geckos along the Truong Son Range with descriptions of three new species and one new country record from Laos
Authors: LUU VINH QUANG , BONKOWSKI MICHAEL , Nguyen Truong QUang , LE MINH DUC , SCHNEIDER NICOLE , NGO HANH THI , ZIEGLER THOMAS
Published: May 2016

Species designated as ‘cryptic’ share a similar morphotype, and are often only clearly separable by molecular data. Cyrtodactylus, the most diverse gecko genus of the family Gekkonidae, is a prime example, because many morphologically similar taxa have only recently been identified as new species as a result of available genetic evidence. However, while cryptic diversity of Cyrtodactylus is already well documented on the Vietnamese side of the Truong Son range, only scarce data is available from central Laos. In this study, we address this issue by means of an integrative approach, which employs morphological, molecular, and ecological data to distinguish cryptic species of the Cyrtodacylus phongnhakebangensis species group primarily distributed along the northern Truong Son Range. Our analyses based on 12 selected morphological characters, a partial mitochondrial gene (COI), and five ecological parameters revealed three undescribed cryptic Cyrtodactylus species from Hin Nam No National Protected Area, which are described as Cyrtodactylus calamei sp. nov., Cyrtodactylus hinnamnoensis sp. nov., and Cyrtodactylus sommerladi sp. nov. A fourth discovered Cyrtodactylus population in Hin Nam No proved to be the first country record of C. cryptus for Laos. Our results highlight the importance of applying an integrative approach to resolving the taxonomy of complex and cryptic species groups, and the role of the Truong Son Range in maintaining the high level of biodiversity over time.
Morphology and taxonomy of Isognomon spathulatus (Reeve, 1858), a cryptic bivalve from the mangroves of Thailand
Authors: TËMKIN ILYA , PRINTRAKOON CHEEWARAT
Published: May 2016

Isognomon spathulatus (Reeve, 1858) is redescribed based on type material and original collections from Kungkrabaen Bay, Thailand. The species agrees with previously described isognomonids in most conchological and anatomical features, but possesses a suite of diagnostic characters, including a comma-shaped outline of the nacreous border, an uncoiled ventral diverticulum of the stomach, and the thickened mantle lobes with granulated cells. This study is the most comprehensive morphological analysis to date for any species of Isognomonidae Woodring, 1925 (1828). It describes and illustrates a number of previously unrecognized or underutilized anatomical characters of potential phylogenetic significance: the morphology of the byssal threads (cross-sectional shape, plumate rootlets, and the shape of adhesive disks), the presence and extent of the interdemibranchial buttresses, the presence of secretory cells in the central zone of the mantle, the shape of the ventral diverticulum of the gastric chamber, the presence of the typhlosolar guard ridge, and the position of the renal pore. A comparison is made between I. spathulatus and morphologically similar Isognomon ephippium (Linnaeus, 1758) with which it has been previously synonymized. Pearls of both species are described and illustrated. Individuals of I. spathulatus inhabit mangroves, where they attach by byssus to prop roots, typically in parapatry with individuals of I. ephippium that occupy adjacent mudflats. The spacial distribution and diverging adaptive strategies (pertaining to physical stabilization and response to predation) displayed by the two isognomonid species are considered in the light of the ecological speciation theory.
Revision of Lithosia Fabricius, 1798 and Conilepia Hampson, 1900 (Lepidoptera, Arctiidae)
Authors: DUBATOLOV VLADIMIR V. , ZOLOTUHIN VADIM V. , WITT THOMAS J.
Published: May 2016

This paper deals with the revision of the Arctiidae genera Lithosia Fabricius, 1798 and Conilepia Hampson, 1900. Only two species currently are considered to be members of Lithosia, Lithosia quadra Linnaeus, 1758, and Lithosia yuennanensis Daniel, 1952. It is here proposed to consider the Far-Eastern populations of L. quadra as subspecies Lithosia quadra dives Butler, 1877, stat. rev. and the Transcaspian populations of the species are described here as Lithosia quadra ssp. soligena ssp. nov. The lectotype of Phalaena Noctua deplana Linnaeus, 1771, preserved in the Hunterian Museum of London, is designated. Two species, Lithosia subcosteola Druce, 1899 and Lithosia gynaegrapha de Joannis, 1930, are excluded from Lithosia. The rare and local Lithosia quadra sikkima Strand, 1922 is raised to species rank and transferred to Conilepia, comb. et stat. nov. The male of C. sikkima is described for the first time. Three species are considered to belong to the genus Conilepia, among them Conilepia cao sp. nov., which is described from Vietnam. All taxa are described and figured. A scenario for the faunogenesis of the Lithosia-Conilepia complex is proposed using molecular data.
Equilibration of a Baroclinic Planetary Atmosphere toward the Limit of Vanishing Bottom Friction
Authors: Chai Junyi , Jansen Malte , Vallis Geoffrey K.
Published: May 2016

This paper discusses whether and how a baroclinic atmosphere can equilibrate with very small bottom friction in a dry primitive equation general circulation model. The model is forced by a Newtonian relaxation of temperature to a prescribed temperature profile, and it is damped by a linear friction near the lower boundary. When friction is decreased by four orders of magnitude, kinetic energy dissipation by friction gradually becomes negligible, while “energy recycling” becomes dominant. In this limit kinetic energy is converted back into potential energy at the largest scales, thus closing the energy cycle without significant frictional dissipation. The momentum fluxes are of opposite sign in the upper and lower atmosphere: in the upper atmosphere, eddies converge momentum into the westerly jets; however, in the lower atmosphere, the eddies diverge momentum out of the westerly jets. The secondary circulation driven by the meridional eddy momentum fluxes thus acts to increase the baroclinicity of the westerly jet. This regime may be relevant for the Jovian atmosphere, where the frictional time scale may be much larger than the radiative damping time scale.
A Modified Interpolation Method for Surface Total Nitrogen in the Bohai Sea
Authors: Liu Yongzhi , Yu Jie , Shen Youli , Lv Xianqing
Published: May 2016

A modified Cressman interpolation method (MCIM) is presented for the routine monitoring data of total nitrogen (TN) in the Bohai Sea to reduce interpolation errors by decreasing the influence radius and introducing background value. In twin experiments, two prescribed distributions are successfully estimated by MCIM with lower interpolation errors than the traditional Cressman interpolation method (TCIM) and the kriging method. In practical experiments, cross validation is applied to evaluate the interpolation results for four quarters in 2009 and 2010. Practical experimental results show that the interpolation results obtained with MCIM are greatly improved and can describe the spatial distribution characteristics of TN in the Bohai Sea with lower mean absolute error than the kriging method.
Plasmodium falciparum STEVOR phosphorylation regulates host erythrocyte deformability enabling malaria parasite transmission
Authors: Naissant Bernina , Dupuy Florian , Duffier Yoann , Lorthiois Audrey , Duez Julien , Scholz Judith , Buffet Pierre , Merckx Anais , Bachmann Anna , Lavazec Catherine
Published: May 2016

Key Points

P falciparum STEVORs interact with the erythrocyte cytoskeletal ankyrin complex. Infected erythrocyte deformability is regulated by PKA-mediated phosphorylation of STEVOR cytoplasmic domain.
Are journal clubs useful in teaching psychiatry?
Authors: Swift Geraldine
Published: May 2016

Journal clubs are a mandatory aspect of psychiatric training in the UK, yet are not always seen as a stimulating experience. Clarifying the aim of the club and tailoring it to the needs and wishes of the audience is an essential step. Teaching skills in critical appraisal is often seen as the main purpose of journal clubs. Depending on the audience, being able to formulate questions from clinical dilemmas, search the literature, and integrate research evidence, clinical expertise and the patient's needs and wishes may be as important. Linking these tasks in the journal club with routine clinical practice increases the chances of changing attitudes and behaviour and thus influencing care. New approaches to using social media and online formats mean that journal clubs are no longer restricted to a particular place or time, although the social aspect of meeting colleagues continues to be important for many.
Tourette syndrome in children and adolescents: aetiology, presentation and treatment
Authors: Robertson Mary May
Published: May 2016

Tourette syndrome is a complex neuropsychiatric disorder of juvenile onset, characterised by motor and phonic tics. It is associated with a number of comorbid psychiatric conditions and a reduced quality of life in the young person and with parenting stress, caregiver burden and psychopathology in the parents. The global prevalence (about 1%) is higher than previously thought, with a strong male preponderance. Evidence is emerging that Tourette syndrome is not a unified disorder; rather, it encompasses a number of subtypes, characterised by complexity of tics and the simultaneous presence of other behaviours or disorders. This article discusses the aetiology of the syndrome, and examines its clinical features and comorbid psychiatric conditions and psychopathologies. Assessment and diagnosis are also discussed. Psychoeducation is a cornerstone of management, augmented with behavioural and/or pharmacological treatments. Newer therapies, such as deep brain stimulation, offer tantalising possibilities, but further research is still needed.
Drug treatment of autism spectrum disorder and its comorbidities in children and adolescents
Authors: Santosh Paramala J. , Singh Jatinder
Published: May 2016

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex, multifactorial disorder, the prevalence of which is rising. Specific biomarkers are yet to be identified for the classic ASD phenotypes, so despite treatment advances, most interventions focus on the comorbid disorders of ASD and have little impact on the underlying pathogenesis of the disorder. This article describes drug treatments that target the core symptoms of ASD and its comorbid conditions in children and adolescents. Difficulties and challenges encountered when treating the most frequent comorbidities are discussed, with emphasis on the safety, tolerability and efficacy of medications. In view of its widespread use, complementary and alternative medicine is also described.
The Indicator Species: Tracking Ecosystem Collapse in Arid California
Authors: Lakoff Andrew
Published: May 2016

This essay tracks the two-decade-long struggle to protect the delta smelt and other native fish populations in California. Through the case of the smelt, it asks how the goal of species preservation is integrated into contemporary governmental practice. What values are at play in efforts to sustain the existence of nonhuman life in a setting of intense competition over a diminishing and essential resource? What forms of knowledge are developed to gauge the health of threatened species, and what techniques are used to regulate the provision of water in the name of species protection? The essay suggests that smelt protection efforts are guided by two temporally distinct value orientations. The first is pastoriented, emphasizing the preservation of existing species as a good in itself. The second is future-oriented, focused on staving off an approaching ecological collapse whose onset is signaled by the smelt population’s decline.
The Rationed City: The Politics of Water, Housing, and Land Use in Drought-Parched São Paulo
Authors: Cohen Daniel Aldana
Published: May 2016

Specters of rationing haunt metro São Paulo. Water supplies have plunged to historic, dangerous lows. The idea of rationing has become a flash-point. The state’s center-right governor has insisted that rationing be avoided at all costs and the state’s profit-driven water utility has followed suit, even as dwindling water supplies are being opaquely and unequally distributed. To make sense of the situation, I propose, through an exploration of the crisis’s origins and recent developments that builds on over one year of ethnographic fieldwork, a new approach to ecological scarcity. It revitalizes, in a socioecological and crisis-sensitive form, Manuel Castells’s concept of collective consumption politics, with a focus on housing and land use. The question is how acute crises and longstanding socioecological struggles interact, from above and below. In São Paulo, this dilemma takes the form of housing movements’ and environmentalists’ longstanding estrangement, but prompted by crisis, some leaders are experimenting with cooperation. In an echo of the June 2013 bus fare protests, this fledgling coalition proposes a democratic version of rationing that goes beyond the distribution of water through pipes and that threatens broader power arrangements.
The Perfect Storm: Heat Waves and Power Outages in Buenos Aires
Authors: Procupez Valeria
Published: May 2016

This article discusses the unprecedented heat waves affecting the city of Buenos Aires—between December 2013 and January 2014—and the extended power outages that ensued. It focuses on this particular extreme case to examine a broader spectrum of shortcomings regarding energy in Argentina, such as an increasing demand that is not matched by investment in supply, aging infrastructure, and lack of coordination between different programs. The article argues that these issues affect the city’s preparedness to confront the challenges of climate change and result in the failure to control demand, encourage energy saving, and reduce emissions.
The Case for Retreat
Authors: Koslov Liz
Published: May 2016

Retreat, or relocating people and unbuilding land in places vulnerable to flooding and sea level rise, remains on the fringes of conversations about climate change adaptation. Yet already people throughout the world are moving away from the water en masse. Many more want to move but lack the resources to do so. Residents working to organize their own retreat are engaged in a struggle for recognition and support from, paradoxically, the very governments and institutions responsible for planning, implementing, and managing retreat once it becomes necessary. In this article, I contrast dominant official representations of retreat as marginal, unpopular, and infeasible with existing cases of collective movement away from rising waters that demonstrate just the opposite. I argue that the word retreat is a valuable and necessary addition to the language of climate change adaptation, serving to distinguish community-organized relocation from forced relocation and climate-induced displacement. Understanding community-organized relocation efforts as forms of retreat unifies this emerging practice with other social movements and political projects that seek more sustainable ways of settling on earth.
Fracking Communities
Authors: Jerolmack Colin , Berman Nina
Published: May 2016

This photo-essay examines how the leasing of private and public land for shale gas extraction (“fracking”) in Pennsylvania has initiated a “tragedy of the commons” in historically communal locales, degrading common-pool resources and weakening long-standing norms of sovereignty and reciprocity.
Primeiro registro do gênero e espécie Neblinagena doylei Kodada & Jäch (Coleoptera: Elmidae: Larainae) no Brasil
Authors: Gama Neto Jaime de Liege , Passos Mahedy Araujo Bastos
Published: May 2016

Resumo. Registra-se pela primeira vez no Brasil Neblinagena doylei Kodada & Jäch (Elmidae, Larainae) ampliando a distribuição geográfica do gênero e da espécie na América do Sul. São apresentadas informações sobre o ambiente e a qualidade da água do local de coleta da espécie. Adicionalmente, citam-se os seguintes gêneros e espécies de Elmidae amostradas juntamente com N. doylei: Cylloepus, Microcylloepus e Neoelmis e as espécies Xenelmis micros Grouvelle e Xenelmis tarsalis Hinton.First record of Genus and Species Neblinagena doylei Kodada & Jäch (Coleoptera: Elmidae: Larainae) in BrazilAbstract. We recorded, for the first time in Brazil, the genus and species Neblinagena doylei Kodada & Jäch, expanding the geographic distribution of the genus and species in South America. We complement this information with data on the environment and water quality of the locality where the species was collected. Adittionally, we cited the following genera and species of Elmidae collected along with N. doylei: Cylloepus, Microcylloepus, Neoelmis, Xenelmis micros Grouvelle and Xenelmis tarsalis Hinton.
Infestação de Tetranychus ogmophallos Ferreira & Flechtmann (Acari: Tetranychidae) em Amendoim Forrageiro (Arachis pintoi Krapov. & Greg.) nos Estados do Acre e Minas Gerais
Authors: Santos Rodrigo Souza
Published: May 2016

Resumo. Foi verificado um surto populacional do ácaro Tetranychus ogmophallos Ferreira & Flechtmann em plantas de amendoim forrageiro, Arachis pintoi Krapov. & Greg. cv. Belmonte, em consórcio com pastagem, no Município de Rio Branco, Estado do Acre, Brasil e em A. pintoi no Município de Sete Lagoas, MG. No Acre, as plantas estavam recobertas por densa teia e com nítida perda de área fotossintetizante e amarelecimento. Também foi observado que o gado não se alimentava das plantas infestadas. Este se constitui no primeiro registro de T. ogmophallos no Estado de Minas Gerais e o primeiro surto populacional desta espécie no Estado do Acre. Infestation of Tetranychus ogmophallos Ferreira & Flechtmann (Acari: Tetranychidae) in Plants of Forage Peanut in Acre and Minas Gerais States, BrazilAbstract. A populational outbreak of mite Tetranychus ogmophallos Ferreira & Flechtmann was found on forage peanut plant, Arachis pintoi Krapov. & Greg. cv. Belmonte, in consortium with pasture in Rio Branco municipality, Acre State and Sete Lagoas municipality, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. In Acre state the plants were covered with dense web and had accented loss of photosynthetic area and yellowing. It was also observed that cattle were not feeding on infested plants. This constitutes the first record of T. ogmophallos in the state.
Managerial Ability and Credit Risk Assessment
Authors: Bonsall Samuel B. , Holzman Eric R. , Miller Brian P.
Published: May 2016

Research on the credit rating process has primarily focused on how rating agencies incorporate firm characteristics into their rating opinions. We contribute to this literature by examining the impact of managerial ability on the credit rating process. Given debt market participants’ interest in assessing default risk, we begin by documenting that higher managerial ability is associated with lower variability in future earnings and stock returns. We then show that higher managerial ability is associated with higher credit ratings (i.e., lower assessments of credit risk). To provide more direct identification of the impact of managerial ability, we examine chief executive officer (CEO) replacements and document that ratings increase (decrease) when CEOs are replaced with more (less) able CEOs. Finally, we show that managerial ability also has capital market implications by documenting that managerial ability is associated with bond offering credit spreads. Collectively, our evidence suggests that managerial ability is an important factor that bond market participants impound into their assessments of firm credit risk.

This paper was accepted by Mary Barth, accounting.
Are Professional Investment Managers Skilled? Evidence from Syndicated Loan Portfolios
Authors: Liebscher Roberto , Mählmann Thomas
Published: May 2016

Theory predicts that individual investor’s incentives to uncover new information about asset values are low if asset prices are efficient. This, in turn, implies that heterogeneity in investment manager skill, if present, should be most clearly visible among managers that focus on asset classes with less informationally efficient prices. We investigate this argument using a large sample of syndicated bank loan portfolios managed by collateralized loan obligation (CLO) managers. Using a CLO’s equity tranche cash-on-cash return to measure performance, we find strong persistence that is robust to an extensive set of risk controls. Although investors seem to derive their expectation about management quality from a manager’s realized performance and allocate more capital to “skilled” managers, top performers cope to stay ahead of net-of-fees. This questions the rationality of managers and the efficiency of the syndicated loan market.

This paper was accepted by Wei Jiang, finance.
Ants in Burned and Unburned Areas in Campos Rupestres Ecosystem
Authors: Neves Frederico De Siqueira , Lana Tate C. , Anjos Marina C. , Reis Ariel C. , Fernandes G. Wilson
Published: May 2016

Ground-dwelling ants have shown consistent resilience to fire in savanna environments. We carried out a study to investigate how ant community structure responds to fire in a harsh and fragile Cerrado ecosystem, the campos rupestres. We studied the change in the ant communities on a local scale subjected to fire in two rocky outcrop habitats at two different elevations (800m above sea level and 1300m a.s.l.). Pitfall trap samples were set at three different periods after a fire event: one, four, and ten months later. Overall, one hundred and fifteen ant species were collected. On a local scale, at the altitude of 800 m asl, no difference in richness and composition of the ant community was found between burned and control plots, whereas at 1300 m asl the burned areas showed higher richness and different ant composition in comparison to control areas.  Differences were clear in the rainy period, four months after the fire. Ten months later, no difference between the richness of ant species in burned and unburned plots was found at higher altitudes, even though the plots showed distinct species composition. These data support the hypothesis that fire must be a structuring disturbance factor for some groups in the ant assemblages and indicate that ant community structure at higher elevations is somehow influenced by the recover of the campos rupestre vegetation.
Opportunistic Occupation of Nests of Microcerotermes spp. Silvestri (Termitidae, Termitinae) by Partamona seridoensis Camargo & Pedro (Apidae, Meliponini) in the Brazilian Tropical Dry Forest
Authors: De Oliveira Thiago Felipe Fonseca Nunes , Da Silva Luiz Luz , Hrncir Michael
Published: May 2016

Social bees make use of natural or animal-built structures to protect their colonies from environmental stressors. Here, particularly attractive shelters are active termite nests because they provide a stable climatic environment for inquilines. Several social bee species form obligatory associations with termites, among these the stingless bee Partamona seridoensis (Apidae, Meliponini), whose distribution is limited to the Tropical Dry Forest in the Brazilian Northeast. So far, colonies of this meliponine species have been found mainly in arboreal nests of the termite Constrictotermes cyphergaster, which suggests a tight relationship between these two social insect species. The present study was conducted in an area of the Tropical Dry Forest in the Brazilian State of Rio Grande do Norte, where P. seridoensis naturally occurs albeit the absence of C. cyphergaster. We registered 14 colonies of P. seridoensis, all occupying active arboreal nests of termites of the genus Microcerotermes. The only other termites with arboreal nests present in the study area, Nasutitermes corniger, never housed P. seridoensis. This selective preference of the bees for Microcerotermes nests might be due to differences between termites concerning defense mechanisms or concerning thermal stability within the nests.
DESCONTINUIDADE NO CONCEITO DE INCAPACIDADE: REFLEXOS DO PRIMADO DA EFICIÊNCIA NOS PROCESSOS JUDICIAIS CONCESSÓRIOS DE BENEFÍCIO DE PRESTAÇÃO CONTINUADA
Authors: Antunes Damasceno Gioliano , Costa Sousa Mônica Teresa
Published: May 2016

A Lei Orgânica de Assistência Social prevê no art. 20, par. 2º, para a concessão do benefício assistencial de prestação continuada para pessoa com deficiência (BPC), um conceito interdisciplinar de incapacidade, que considera, além dos aspectos clínicos, os fatores pessoais e ambientais. Essa perspectiva mais holística, no entanto, não vem sendo considerada nos processos de concessão do BPC em tramitação nos juizados especiais federais da Seção Judiciária do Maranhão, nos quais tem predominado o olhar eminentemente médico. Diante desse quadro, a questão que se coloca é: por quê? Quais são as condições de possibilidade dessa incompatibilidade conceitual? O fenômeno não está relacionado a um só fator apenas, mas à confluência de um rol de circunstâncias. No presente artigo, demonstra-se como o primado da eficiência, em suas perspectivas formal e material, contribui para esse fenômeno.
AS PRINCIPAIS OPERAÇÕES METODOLÓGICO-JURÍDICAS PROPOSTAS POR ROBERT ALEXY: DA SUBSUNÇÃO À COMPARAÇÃO
Authors: Santos de Morais Fausto
Published: May 2016

Este trabalho, fundado em pesquisa de cunho bibliográfico, tem como objetivo contribuir à discussão sobre a efetivação dos Direi-tos Fundamentais, principalmente, no que diz respeito ao recurso ao princípio da proporcionalidade. Dessa maneira, apresenta-se o princí-pio da proporcionalidade como um recurso metodológico que visa es-quematizar a argumentação jurídica, principalmente, pela construção de normas de Direitos Fundamentais aditadas ou atribuídas. Além da referida elucidação, outra novidade apresentada pelo trabalho é mos-trar a conexão existente entre as três operações lógicas que orientam a aplicação do Direito na visão de Robert Alexy. Ressalta-se, assim, que se objetiva contribuir com a apuração conceitual e metodológica sobre a aplicação do Direito, considerando, para tanto, o problema da colisão entre princípios jurídicos e a jurisprudência como fonte do Direito.
LENGUAJE, COMUNICACIÓN Y HERMENÉUTICA JURÍDICA
Authors: Freitas Juarez , Lucena Cavalcante Denise
Published: May 2016

El presente artículo analizará el Derecho desde el fenómeno comunicacional, teniendo como base de discusión sobre lenguaje y comunicación la aplicación de la Teoría Comunicacional del Derecho y del método del constructivismo lógico-semántico. En esta perspectiva, se utiliza la premisa de que el primer paso para la comprensión del Derecho emana del texto. Será abordada la hermenéutica jurídica como estudio de elecciones normativas. El intérprete es lingüista, pero no solo eso. El contenido final de la regla y del principio es el resultado de interpretaciones más o menos sesgadas. El papel de la intuición, más de lo que de la racionalidad, es crucial. La interpretación apropiada supone manejar automatismos mentales que se aprovechan de la indeterminación inextirpable del lenguaje, sea por vaguedad, sea por equivocidad, o por deliberada opción original. Frecuentemente, la búsqueda de la claridad se revela fuente paradójica de incertidumbre. La interpretación jurídica, en fin, es vista como acto decisorio de la razón y emociones recíprocamente influyentes.
Theories and models of globalization ethicizing
Authors: Abazović Dritan
Published: May 2016

Globalization as a phenomenon is under the magnifying glass of many philosophical discussions and theoretical deliberations. While most theorists deal with issues that are predominantly of economic or political character, this article has a different logic. The article presents six theories which in their own way explain the need for movement by ethicizing globalization. Globalization is a process that affects all and as such it has become inevitable, but it is up the people to determine its course and make it either functional or uncontrolled. The survival and development of any society is measured primarily by the quality of its moral and ethical foundation. Therefore, it is clear that global society can survive and be functional only if it finds a minimum consensus on ethical norms or, as said in theory, if it establishes its ethical system based on which it would be built and developed.
Analysis of a Navier–Stokes–Darcy coupling problem
Authors: Mabrouki Yassine , Satouri Jamil
Published: May 2016

The aim of this work is to present a model for coupling the Darcy equations in a porous medium with the Navier–Stokes equations in the cracks. We consider a two- or three-dimensional domain with non-standard condition at the interface, namely the continuity of the pressure. We propose a mixed formulation and establish the existence of a solution for the coupled problem.
Free light chain testing for the diagnosis, monitoring and prognostication of AL amyloidosis
Authors: Mollee Peter , Merlini Giampaolo
Published: May 2016

The disease causing agent in systemic AL amyloidosis is a monoclonal immunoglobulin free light chain, or fragments thereof, circulating in the blood. It is not surprising, therefore, that measurement of serum free light chains plays a central role in the management of this disorder. In this paper, we review the utility of the serum free light chain assay in the investigation, prognostication and monitoring of AL amyloidosis. Data on the two currently available commercial assays is compared and some practical applications of the assay’s use are presented. While there are limitations, it is clear that the availability of the free light chain assay in the laboratory is a major advance and plays an essential role in the management of patients with AL amyloidosis.
On mod p singular modular forms
Authors: Böcherer Siegfried , Kikuta Toshiyuki
Published: May 2016

We show that a Siegel modular form with integral Fourier
coefficients in a number field K, for which
all but finitely many coefficients (up to equivalence) are divisible by a prime ideal

𝔭

${\mathfrak{p}}$

of K,
is a constant modulo

𝔭

${\mathfrak{p}}$

.
Moreover, we define a notion of mod

𝔭

${\mathfrak{p}}$

singular modular form and discuss a relation between its weight and the
corresponding prime p. We discuss some examples of mod

𝔭

${\mathfrak{p}}$

singular
modular forms arising from Eisenstein series and from theta series attached to lattices
with automorphisms. Finally, we apply our results to properties mod

𝔭

${\mathfrak{p}}$

of Klingen–Eisenstein series.
When are Zariski chambers numerically determined?
Authors: Rams Sławomir , Szemberg Tomasz
Published: May 2016

The big cone of every smooth projective surface X admits a natural
decomposition into Zariski chambers. The purpose of this note is to give a simple criterion for
the interiors of all Zariski chambers on X to be numerically determined Weyl
chambers. Such a criterion generalizes the results of Bauer–Funke [4] on K3 surfaces to arbitrary smooth projective surfaces.
In the last section, we study the relation between decompositions of the big cone and elliptic fibrations on some surfaces.
Behavior of bounds of singular integrals for large dimension
Authors: Ding Yong , Lai Xudong
Published: May 2016

In this paper, we give estimates of the

L
p

⁢

(

ℝ
n

)

${L^{p}(\mathbb{R}^{n})}$

(

1
<
p
<
∞

${1

0

${\lambda>0}$

,

λ
⁢
m
⁢

(

{

x
∈

ℝ
n

:

|

T
Ω

⁢
f
⁢

(
x
)

|

>
λ

}

)

≲

(

(

log
⁡
n

)

⁢

∥
Ω
∥

1

+

∫
0

1
n

ω
~

1

⁢

(
δ
)

δ

⁢

𝑑
δ

)

⁢

∥
f
∥

1

,

$\lambda m(\{x\in\mathbb{R}^{n}:|T_{\Omega}f(x)|>\lambda\})\lesssim{\Bigg{(}(%
\log n)\|\Omega\|_{1}+\int_{0}^{\frac{1}{n}}\frac{\tilde{\omega}_{1}(\delta)}{%
\delta}\,d\delta\Biggr{)}}\|f\|_{1},$

where

ω
~

1

${\tilde{\omega}_{1}}$

denotes the

L
1

${L^{1}}$

integral continuous modulus of
Ω defined by translation in

ℝ
n

${\mathbb{R}^{n}}$

.
Moreover, some similar estimates are also established for the
Marcinkiewicz integral

μ
Ω

${\mu_{\Omega}}$

, which was introduced by Stein in [13].
Martin boundary of unbounded sets for purely discontinuous Feller processes
Authors: Kim Panki , Song Renming , Vondraček Zoran
Published: May 2016

In this paper, we study the Martin kernels of general open sets associated with inaccessible
points for a large class of purely discontinuous Feller processes in metric measure spaces.
Let D be an unbounded open set. Infinity is accessible from D if the expected exit time from D is infinite, and inaccessible otherwise. We prove that under suitable assumptions there is only one Martin boundary point associated with infinity, and that this point is minimal if and only if infinity is accessible from D. Similar results are also proved for finite boundary points of D.