bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the Milking Machine Pulsator Characteristics by the Means of a Computer Controlled System
Authors: ROSCA Radu , VALCU Victor , CARLESCU Petru , CHIRILA Constantin , RAKOŞI Edward
Published: December 2021

A computer-controlled system was developed in order to evaluate the working characteristics of the pulsator of a mechanical milking machine. The system contains a pulse generator, allowing the adjustment of both the pulsation rate (between 10 and 120 cycles/min) and extraction to massage ratio (between 10 and 90%), and a cyclic pressure indicator, which monitors the pressure applied to the teatcup short pulse tube. Two types of pulsators were tested in order to evaluate the precision and parameters of the developed system.
In vitro Behaviour and Effects on Cells Induced by Functionalized NanoGold and NanoSilver Particles I. Preparation and Stability Studies of Au- and Ag-conjugates with Thiol - containing Molecules
Authors: SOCACIU Carmen , STANILA Andreea , TRIF Monica , ASTILEAN Simion
Published: December 2021

Our studies aim the preparation of functionalized Au and Ag colloids invitro, the dynamics of conjugation and stability in functionalized forms (by conjugation with cysteine, glutathione, insulin, albumin) (in this first part of article) as well and to study their action on cells (second part). Such investigations can prove that natural ways of Au and Ag functionalization, by formation of stable conjugates, with S-containing biomolecules can be active at cellular level and can act synergistically as protective, antioxidant agents. We determined dimensions of colloid Au (AuC) vs colloid Ag (AgC) and found out mean values between 0.863m to 0.86 m.Using a calibration curve for AuC in the range 350-800 nm, we found a good correlation concentration-absorption units and the best dilutions to be used in conjugation experiments (1:2-1:5 ).

The kinetic of AuC conjugation with four different molecules (cystein, BSA, insulin and glutathion), was specifically expressed by shifts of around 3 nm (for cystein, insulin and albumin) suggesting that AuC cannot make directly stable conjugates with these molecules. The same kinetic, tested for AuC-glutathion, showed spectacular change of color from red to blue and shifts of the absorbtion of conjugated forms, up to 16 nm (from 600 to 616 nm). Contrasting to Au, AgC in the presence of glutathion did not show modifications of absorptions, nor color changes. Therefore, we consider that Ag cannot conjugate glutathion and it is not useful to test it on cell cultures in vitro. Using different pHs (from 3 to 8) we observed an increase of conjugation capacity of AuC with glutathione, up to values 7-7.5. At extreme values (pH 3 and 8) the conjugation is not possible.
Theoretical and Practical Aspects Regarding Property in Environmental Law
Authors: CULDA Sidonia
Published: December 2021

This article analyses the problem of property in environmental law from the point of view of obligations natural persons or legal entities have for the protection of the surrounding environment.

Environmental policy shall set the strategies, methods and means used in actions that have environmental protection as their final aim. This type of policy may only be conceived in the general context of economic development, with mid-term and long term economic and social prognosis.

In our legal system we have legal regulations on soil protection, forest funds and human settlements.

There is a simple and natural correlation between economic activities, environmental protection and environmental law.

We also consider that co-involvement is essential in environmental law for environmental protection and development. This should be based on the idea of owner, economic agent and producer.
The Projection of a Sustainable Agriculture System Aiming for Supporting the Ecoeconomy and Ecosanogenesis Specific for the Hill-Mountain Areas – Considerations and Opinions
Authors: IAGARU Pompilica
Published: December 2021

The Romanian integration into the European Union – and also at its technological standards – means among others the adoption and implementation of transforming measures into the conventional agriculture. Thus the farmers should apply certain technologies to enable them to obtain good productions under specific conditions of the ecoeconomy and ecosanogenesis. The implementation of such a sustainable agriculture system for Romania is discussed into this article.
Researches on Assessment of Recycling Potential of Dusts from Electric Steel Mills
Authors: ILUŢIU – VARVARA Dana Adriana
Published: December 2021

The paper presents an assessment of the recycling potential of dusts from electric steel mills. It is presented the equipment used to determine the recycling potential of dust and results from the review of the dusts emitted to the carbon steelmaking.
Removal of Nitrate and Hexavalent Chromium from Groundwater Using Zerovalent Iron – A Laboratory Study
Authors: MODROGAN Cristina , MIRON Alexandra , ORBULET Oanamari , COSTACHE Cristina
Published: December 2021

. Groundwater contamination by inorganic pollutants such as heavy metals, chromium and nitrate has recently begun to attract widespread interests because of significant threat to human health. Nitrate and chromate are most frequently detected contaminants in groundwater. In this paper, we describe a series of laboratory experiments which quantify the rate of chromium (Cr6+) and nitrate reduction by Fe0. The main goal of these experiments was to determine the removal efficiency of chromium (Cr6+) and nitrate ions using iron. The results indicate that in the presence of zero valence iron Cr6+ reduces to Cr3+, and NO3- to NH4+.
Degrees of Extinsion Risk in Farm Animal Populations
Authors: PARASCHIVESCU Marcel Theodor , BOGDAN Alexandru , PARASCHIVESCU Marcel , IPATE Iudith , TOBA George Florea
Published: December 2021

In the last time a sustained activity for defending the biodiversity in the nature has evolved. In order to classify the degree of extinction risk in natural biological populations (biological species) the number of adult animals was preferred.

The established degrees of risk are: in safety state >10000 heads, in vulnerably state heads, species in danger heads, species in critical state
Life Cycle Assessment for Conventional and Organic Agro-Foods Ecological Footprint
Authors: VINTILA Iuliana
Published: December 2021

The present paper research compares the Ecological Footprint (EF) of conventional and organic agro-foods in relation with the carbon emissions generated in the production and distribution chain. The conventional production system were found to have a EF value in average with 50% higher than in organic processing, mainly due to the agricultural and packing procedures. The lowest CO2 emissions were found for organic cereal production (1.15gha/t in rye case). Pork meat production is less emission intense than chicken, which is more environmentally favorable than lamb and beef. The reducing of EF in case of organic production is in the range of 1,05 (potatoes)-1,89 (tomatoes) times in vegetables case, 1.15 (rye)–2.23 (wheat) in cereals case, 1.03(chicken)-1.93(turkey) in meats case and dramatically more in case of sea foods 1.64 (shrimps)-5.9. Pelagic fish species such as herring or mackerel with low CO2 emissions register the highest reducing of EF in case of organic conversion of production and Eco-friendly distribution system.
IMPROVEMENT OF DOUGH RHEOLOGY AND BREAD QUALITY BY ENZYMES COMBINATION
Authors: Banu Iuliana , Stoenescu Georgeta , Ionescu Violeta
Published: December 2021

In present, most mills from our country obtain brown wheat flour in intermediate extraction, besides white flour, and its quality is mostly inadequate and unconstant. Our paper's purpose was the

optimization of the brown wheat flour's quality with the help o enzymes, using some of its beneficial properties. The sinergic effect of Aspergillus niger laccase and phytase, and cereal ?-amylase (Belpan) on the rheological properties of wheat flour were examined with the Mixolab test. The bread obtained from wheat flour with laccase and ?-amylase displayed an increased volume, without the problem of soaking during processing,

compared with the bread obtained from the witness sample. An indirect correlation between falling number values and Belpan doses was obtained.
FOTOMONTAJ TEKNİĞİNİN 2000’Lİ YILLARDA TÜRK RESİM SANATINA YANSIMALARI
Authors: YAVUZ Kardelen , TÜRK KAYA Sezin
Published: December 2021

En az iki ayrı fotoğrafın yeni bir düzen bağıntısı oluşturmaksızın süperpoze edilmesiyle oluşturulmuş kompozisyon olan fotomontaj, Dada’dan Pop Sanat’a pek çok Batı Sanat Akımında uygulanmış bir tekniktir. Fotomontaj, fotoğrafta deneysel yaklaşımların ağırlık kazandığı 1980’li yıllarda Türk sanatında da uygulama alanı bulmuş ve günümüzde sayısal ortamın sağladığı olanaklarla birlikte varlığını devam ettirmiştir.Çalışmanın amacı; Fotomontaj tekniğinin tarihsel süreç içinde yeri ve uygulama şekillerinden yola çıkarak, 2000’li yıllarda Türkiye’de fotomontaj tekniğiyle eserler üreten sanatçıları ve fotomontaj tekniğinin Türk resim sanatındaki yansımalarını incelemektir. Araştımada, 2000’li yıllarda Türkiye’de fotomontaj tekniğiyle uygulamalar yapan Şahin Kaygun, Ahmet Öner Gezgin, Ali Alişir, Murat Germen ve Orhan Cem Çetin isimli sanatçıların fotomontaj uygulamalarına yer verilmiştir. Araştırma sırasında, özel sanat galerinin kataloglarından, üniversitelerin kütüphanelerinden ve elektronik kaynaklardan elde edilen kuramsal veriler üzerinden taramalar yapılmıştır. Araştırma içinde örnek seçilen sanatçılar ile görüşmeler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Elde edilen veriler çalışmanın içinde sunulmuştur.Araştırmanın sonucunda, Fotografik görüntüye yapılan müdahalenin günümüzde dijital ortamın olanaklarıyla gerçekleştirildiği saptanmıştır ve Türkiye’de 2000’li yıllarda fotomantaj çalışmaları yapan sanatçıların, fotomontajı çeşitli tekniklerle birlikte multidisipliner bir anlayışla kullanıldığı görülmüştür.
Designing an API-Based Protocol for the Interoperability of Textual Resources
Authors: Belouin Pascal , Chen Shih-Pei , Wang Sean
Published: December 2021

Designing a protocol for the interoperability of digital textual resources—or, more simply, a “IIIF for texts”—remains a challenge, as such a protocol must cater to their vastly heterogenous formats, structures, languages, text encodings and metadata. There have been many attempts to propose a standard for textual resource interoperability, from the ubiquitous Text Encoding Initiative (TEI) format to more recent proposals like the Distributed Text Services (DTS) protocol. In this paper, we introduce our proposal called SHINE, which prioritizes instead the ease for software developers to represent and exchange textual resources and their associated metadata. We do so by combining a hierarchical model of textual structure with a flexible metadata scheme in SHINE, and we continue to define and develop it based on user-centered and iterative design principles. Therefore, we argue that SHINE is a protocol for textual interoperability that successfully balances flexibility of resource representation, consistency across resource representation, and overall simplicity of implementation.RésuméConcevoir un protocole pour l’interopérabilité des ressources textuelles numériques – c’est-à-dire, un IIIF pour des textes – demeure un défi, puisqu’un tel protocole doit correspondre à leurs formats considérablement hétérogènes, ainsi qu’à leurs structures, langues, encodages textuels et métadonnées. Il existe déjà plusieurs tentatives de proposer des standards pour l’interopérabilité des ressources textuelles, tel que l’ubiquiste Text Encoding Initiative (TEI – Initiative d’encodage textuel) ou des propositions plus récentes comme le protocole de Distributed Text Services (DTS – Services de texte distribuées). Dans cet article, nous présenterons une proposition que nous appelons SHINE, qui priorise la facilité de la représentation et de l’échange des ressources textuelles et des métadonnées associées pour les développeurs de logiciel. Nous le ferons en combinant un modèle de structure textuelle hiérarchique avec un schéma de métadonnées flexible dans SHINE et nous le définirons et le développerons selon des principes axés sur l’utilisateur et selon des principes de conceptions itératifs. Par conséquent, nous avançons que SHINE est un protocole pour l’interopérabilité textuelle qui équilibre systématiquement la flexibilité de la représentation de ressources, ainsi que la simplicité globale de l’implémentation, pour toute représentation de ressources.Mots-clés: format d’échange; modélisation de documents; métadonnées; infrastructure numériques; interopérabilité
French missing object constructions
Authors: Aguila-Multner Gabrielle , Crysmann Berthold
Published: December 2021

This paper discusses a class of French à-infinitival constructions, where the missing direct object corresponds to an external argument, either being the antecedent noun in an attributive use, or else a raised argument in a subject or object predication or in the tough construction.  We investigate the internal and external properties of these constructions and show that (i) the construction displays passive-like properties and (ii) control and raising verbs may intervene between the marker à and the missing object verb, as shown on the basis of a corpus study. We observe that while the construction as a whole behaves like a passive where the erstwhile logical object ends up being promoted to external argument, the logical subject is still accessible for control, both from within the à-infinitive and from outside. Building on Grover (1995), we analyse these double subjects by way of a two-step passivisation, where the direct object valency is lexically promoted to subject without concomitant subject demotion. Raising of the missing object as a secondary subject will make it available on the marker à, which finally promotes it to external argument, thereby completing the passivisation effect. The present analysis thus captures the full set of à-infinitival missing object constructions in a unified fashion, capturing its passive-like properties and the extended domain of locality.
Hábitos de lectura en inglés de maestros bilingües en formación
Authors: Cardona Puello Sindy Patricia , Osorio Beleño Alexander Javier , Herrera Valdez Amalfi De La Cruz , Bedoya Soto Sonia Isabel
Published: December 2021

Este artículo muestra los resultados de una investigación realizada en una institución universitarian de Cartagena (Colombia) con el fin de analizar los hábitos de lectura en inglés de los estudiantes de semestres avanzados de un programa de Licenciatura en Bilingüismo. En dicha investigación se recurrió a técnicas de recolección de datos cuantitativos y cualitativos (enfoque mixto) para determinar cómo es el hábito lector en inglés de los estudiantes de dicho programa. Según los resultados obtenidos, la mayoría de los estudiantes (78,6 %) son lectores ocasionales y tan solo el 9,2 % son lectores frecuentes; además, la lectura suele estar asociada a obligaciones de tipo académico más que a una motivación intrínseca hacia la lectura en lengua extranjera.
Escritura y subjetividad: entre el trauma, la defensa y la creación
Authors: Betancur Valencia Diela Bibiana
Published: December 2021

Este artículo es una reflexión derivada de una investigación doctoral, la cual cuestiona las representaciones subjetivas que tienen algunos jóvenes universitarios respecto a la escritura, en tanto práctica plural, académica y cultural. Esta investigación se basa en el paradigma hermenéutico y se desarrolla bajo la estrategia del estudio de caso, teniendo como fuente la entrevista semiestructurada para el levantamiento de datos. A partir de las comprensiones de la subjetividad desde el psicoanálisis, se entenderá aquí por “sujeto” una escritura del inconsciente que siempre remite a un vacío y a un trauma, a la repetición y a la creación; a la alteración y a la alteridad; en suma, a una experiencia de borde entre lo idéntico y lo distinto. Ahora bien, ¿cómo escribe un sujeto desde la escritura de su propio inconsciente? Este texto se aproxima a esta pregunta a partir del análisis del caso de un joven quien, por un lado, construye un deseo alrededor de la escritura como mecanismo de defensa; y por el otro, hace de la belleza en la palabra escrita un velo frente al horror.
Escritura del anteproyecto en posgrado: experiencia de estudiantes de maestría en Salud
Authors: Gómez Palomino Laura Sofía , Arenas Hernández Karina Alejandra , Peña Jaramillo Paula Alejandra
Published: December 2021

Este artículo presenta una investigación cuyo objetivo fue caracterizar el proceso de escritura del anteproyecto de tres estudiantes de maestría en Salud, en términos de sus expectativas y conocimientos previos, sus avances en la escritura, la valoración que hicieron de los apoyos pedagógicos recibidos y los aspectos relacionados con su experiencia de escritura. La investigación se hizo en un curso de Metodología de la Investigación en el que hubo acompañamiento explícito en escritura; tuvo un enfoque cualitativo, un tipo de estudio descriptivo y se desarrolló a través de entrevistas estructuradas y análisis de contenido. Los principales hallazgos muestran que los estudiantes consideran que los apoyos explícitos en escritura fueron fundamentales para la elaboración del anteproyecto y los relacionan positivamente con los avances que tuvieron en la escritura. Sin embargo, se encontró que las emociones que se derivan del proceso de la escritura y los factores que influyen en este son principalmente negativos.
Formación de formadores de lenguas extranjeras en educación intercultural por medio de una comunidad de práctica
Authors: Arismendi Gómez Fabio Alberto
Published: December 2021

Este artículo de investigación presenta algunos hallazgos de un estudio cuyo objetivo fue analizar el impacto de una comunidad de práctica, como estrategia de formación de profesores universitarios de futuros docentes de lenguas extranjeras en educación intercultural. Este estudio cualitativo siguió el ciclo de la investigación-acción. Luego de un análisis de necesidades, se propuso la creación e implementación de una comunidad de práctica de la cual participaron activamente siete profesores de inglés y de francés, a lo largo de siete meses. La recolección de datos se hizo por medio de fuentes diversas, como textos narrativos escritos por los participantes, entrevistas individuales, un grupo focal y el diario del investigador. Los hallazgos plantean que las discusiones dentro de esta comunidad de práctica contribuyeron a cambios en las representaciones de los participantes sobre el concepto de interculturalidad, así como a una comprensión más profunda de las implicaciones de la educación intercultural en la enseñanza de lenguas extranjeras. Asimismo, los análisis revelan los aciertos de las comunidades de práctica como estrategia de formación docente en el tema de la interculturalidad en el medio universitario colombiano.
Variables que subyacen al estrés académico y motivación estudiantil en la educación superior en medio de la pandemia por covid-19
Authors: Suárez Óscar Jardey , Hurtado-Márquez Alejandro , Lizarazo-Osorio Julio del Carmen
Published: December 2021

Los objetivos de esta investigación son determinar las variables que subyacen al estrés académico y establecer cómo estas predicen la “motivación estudiantil en la modalidad presencialidad remota (MPR)”, en medio de la pandemia por covid-19 en estudiantes de una universidad de carácter privado en Bogotá, Colombia. Se ha adecuado el inventario de estrés académico (iea) de Polo, Hernández y Pozo (1996) con una categoría propia de la MPR. Se analizan los descriptores, el índice de fiabilidad y se utiliza el método de análisis de componentes principales (ACP) para determinar las variables subyacentes. A partir de las variables subyacentes se corre el modelo de regresión lineal para determinar la predicción de la motivación de los estudiantes en la MPR. En el estudio participaron 255 estudiantes de 4 facultades. Los resultados muestran que el IEA tiene una confiabilidad de 0,899, cinco variables subyacentes que explican el 58,689 % de la varianza. El modelo construido predice 34,3 % de la motivación de los estudiantes con la MPR. El estudio arroja indicios de la necesidad de formar al profesor en las dimensiones técnica, social, de gestión y pedagógico-didáctica. De otro lado, es clara la condición necesaria, pero no suficiente, de disponer de recursos tecnológicos para atender la MPR. Finalmente, hay evidencia que muestra que la evaluación esta al nivel de otras responsabilidades académicas.
Two Interviews, Images of the Mobility Paths
Authors: Imbronito Maria Isabel , Barletta Jr Biagio Antonio
Published: December 2021

This document compares two videos that date from the same year (1969) and provide a basis for discussion about two different paradigms of urban thinking present in the 1960’s: an interview with Jane Jacobs on the show "The way it is", on Canadian broadcaster CBC, in which she disputes the plans to build Spadina Expressway in Toronto, and a presentation by the then Mayor of São Paulo, Paulo Salim Maluf, on the plans to build Elevado Presidente Costa e Silva (currently named Elevado João Goulart, nicknamed Minhocão [the Big Worm]), an elevated expressway in São Paulo. By confronting the videos, the antagonism of the discourses regarding the role of road infrastructure, the value given to the urban environment, and the idea of quality of urban life becomes clear. The materials are also an illustration of two different outcomes: the halting of the Spadina Expressway works in Toronto and the completion of the Minhocão works in São Paulo.
Cool Materials and the Heat Island Effect: a bibliometric analysis
Authors: Guedes Rodrigo Borges Nascimento , Lavorato Marina , Pezzuto Cláudia Cotrim
Published: December 2021

A current problem triggered by anthropological factors that many cities in the world face is the increase in temperature in urban centres caused by urban heat islands. There is a constant proposal for measures to reduce these effects, which can be harmful to the health and well-being of the population. The purpose of this work is to carry out a bibliometric mapping to analyse the published documents on cool materials regarding the mitigation effects of heat islands and to understand their origin and possible reasons that led to the study of this theme. From the SCOPUS database, searching for “Cool Material AND (Albedo OR Reflectance) AND Heat Island”, the scientific documents (engineering area) published between 1995 and 2021 were selected and analysed: the types of documents, their origin, the year of publication, the main authors and the journals in which they were published. Energy and Buildings and Building and Environment were the two main journals on the subject. 1995 had the first article published and coincided with the year of the first Conference of the Parties (COP1), on climate change. Through a bibliometric survey, it is possible to understand the importance of the beginning of this line of research and that climatic events can trigger interest and bring the scientific view to a certain area. However, because it is a single-base study, the research, despite bringing good information, still needs constant updates.
On the History of the Marriage Contract
in Domestic and Foreign Legislation
Authors: Lapaeva A. V.
Published: December 2021

The genesis of the marriage contract in domestic and foreign legislation is studied. The main stages of the emergence and development of the marriage contract in various countries are outlined. A parallel is drawn between national and international family law in historical retrospect.
The article analyzes the procedure and conditions for concluding a marriage contract in various countries. It is proved that the marriage contract is the optimal tool in protecting the property rights and interests of married persons. It is established that the marriage contract is not new for Russian law; it has a fairly long, centuries-old history. According to the evidence of preserved legal documents, until 1917, the marriage contract was a familiar and convenient legal instrument for protecting the rights and legitimate interests of spouses. In modern Russian law, the legislator tried to take into account not only the peculiarities of the historical formation of the institution of the marriage contract in Russia, but also the experience of foreign legislation, giving the spouses the right to establish the regime of marital property at their discretion.
Legal Convention as a Source of Law:
Historical and Theoretical Aspects
Authors: Maksimova I. M.
Published: December 2021

The article examines legal custom as the first source of law. For a long time legal custom has occupied a fundamental place in the formation of the entire system of law. At present, in most modern and developed countries, the supremacy of written sources of law (regulatory legal acts) dominates, and the importance of custom has begun to decline sharply. In this regard, casuistic situations arise in the practical application of normative legal acts and established legal customs legalized by the state. On the basis of this, the study of the current position of legal custom in the system of Russian law is recognized as an urgent need for a uniform conduct of business and compliance with the principles of equality and justice.
An important point is that the legal custom remains an integral part of the life of society and cannot be ignored by the legal system, since it was he who initially determined the boundaries of permissibility and morality, and therefore it is necessary to base legislative activity in accordance with existing legal customs, eradicating those that contradict the basic constitutional principles or the needs of modern society.
Presumptions of Good Faith of an Entrepreneur as a Fundamental Constitutional Principle of the State’s Legislative Activity
Authors: Koraev K. B.
Published: December 2021

The article reveals the content of the presumption of the good faith of an entrepreneur as a fundamental constitutional principle of the legislative activity of the state. As a result of the study, the author comes to the conclusion that in most cases this principle is ignored by the legislator.
For this reason, it is concluded that the legal regulation of entrepreneurial relations should be based on the presumption of the good faith of the entrepreneur, which obliges the state to see the entrepreneur as a partner on the way to economic development, and not as a suspicious person whose activities need constant mandatory control.
Some Issues of the Implementation of Delegated Legislation
as a Way to Improve the Current Legislation
Authors: Shindina A. V.
Published: December 2021

The article comprehensively investigates the constitutional and legal nature of the institution of delegated legislation. The author raises the question of the possibility of implementing the institution of delegated legislation into the existing system of separation of powers, enshrined in the current Constitution of the Russian Federation. The author considers the possibility of implementing the delegation of powers in terms of the development of regulatory legal acts, as well as the exclusive right to implement delegated legislation, as one of the ways to improve the current legislation. The paper emphasizes the relationship between the quality of the law-making process and the possibility of effective transformations in modern Russia. Examples of the implementation of the institution of delegated legislation both in a number of foreign countries and in Russia are given. The author not only substantiates the need for the development of delegated legislation, but also separately studies the issue of creating professional lawmaking.
A Two-Model Complex for Research into the Process of Adsorption Obtaining Hydrogen from Natural Gas Steam Reforming Products
Authors: Alruishid M. Kh. Kh. , Dmitrievsky B. S. , Terekhova A. A. , Ishin A. A. , Skvortsov S. A.
Published: December 2021

The problem of approximation of kinetic models of adsorption
by equilibrium models with fictitious coefficients of linear isotherms is set and solved. A complex of two mathematical models of the hydrogen adsorption process and
an algorithm for calculating model equations has been developed. Numerical studies
of the adsorption process of a multicomponent hydrogen-containing gas mixture have been carried out.
Computer Simulation of a Radial Contactless Magnetic Suspension
on a Permanent Magnet System
Authors: Cherkasova O. A. , Skripkin A. A. , Cherkasova S. A.
Published: December 2021

The distributions of magnetic induction and magnetic field strength are obtained. It was found that with a parallel arrangement of toroidal rings of elliptical cross-section in a magnetic suspension, the magnetic induction is 1.7 times higher than with a perpendicular arrangement of the same rings. The calculation of the ponderomotive and magnetomotive forces between two toroidal annular permanent magnets with a radial magnetization of an elliptical section in a contactless magnetic suspension system is carried out. Quasi-elastic stiffness coefficients and static load capacity were calculated for both models. It is shown that the rigidity of the suspension decreases monotonically with a decrease in the size of the gap, regardless of the model.
Criteria-Based Generalization of Mechanochemical Destruction Parameters of Cobalt-Containing Compounds
when Disposing Current Sources
Authors: Retivov V. M. , Gonopolskiy A. M. , Makarenkov D. A. , Nazarov V. I. , Popov A. P.
Published: December 2021

The technology of utilization of spent lithium-cobalt power sources
is considered, including the stages of opening batteries in a shredder, secondary grinding in a rotary knife mill and mechanochemical destruction in a ball mill to obtain mechanically activated particles with the required characteristics of specific surface area and porosity. It is shown that the combined processes of leaching and extraction with mechanically activated particles can increase the yield of the target product.
For a complex set of mechanical and technological effects on structured particles
of lithium-cobalt current sources, it is proposed to use the method of dimensional analysis to assess the contribution of operating parameters in the form of dimensionless criterion equations.
Technology for Modifying Sorbents Based on Zeolite
with Carbon Nanotubes
Authors: Popova A. A. , Shubin I. N.
Published: December 2021

The technology of modification with carbon nanotubes of one of the most widespread industrial sorbents - zeolite of the CaA and NaX brands is proposed. The modification technology consisted in the preparation of a multicomponent mixture of nano- and microdispersed bulk materials containing zeolite, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and, as a binder, bentonite clay. Then the resulting mixture was molded, dried and heat treated.
The optimal content of the binder (20 and 30 %) and carbon nanotubes
(2.5 and 2 %) for the modified versions of the CaA + CNT and NaX + CNT zeolites, respectively, has been experimentally established. The sorption capacity of modified zeolites for toluene vapor has been determined.
Application of the Integrated Acoustic Efficiency Indicator
to Optimize a Combined Silencer for a Vehicle Exhaust System
Authors: Karnaukhova L. S. , Komkin A. I.
Published: December 2021

A practical solution to the problem of determining
the configuration of a combined muffler for exhaust noise of a vehicle with maximum acoustic efficiency for a given volume is presented using
an integral indicator of acoustic efficiency. Optimization of the geometric parameters of noise mufflers based on the integral indicator of acoustic efficiency makes it possible to reduce the time spent on the selection of
the main spatial parameters and characteristics of the applied sound-absorbing materials before starting numerical calculations.
Methodological Approach to Development
of the Eco-Passport of the City Water Body Using
the Example of the Water Area of Tambov
Authors: Yakunina I. V. , Filimonova O. S. , Malysheva E. V. , Yakunina E. Yu.
Published: December 2021

The structure and content of the ecological passport
of a city water body is proposed on the example of the Laskovsky quarry in the city of Tambov. Experimental studies have been carried out to assess the water quality of an urban water body; a recreational assessment of
the coastal zone and an assessment of the recreational suitability of the reservoir has been carried out. Measures are proposed to preserve
the ecological well-being of the reservoir.
Improvement of Methodological Auditing Tools
for Diagnosing Financial Security Risks of Industries
Authors: Erokhina E. I. , Chikurova S. S.
Published: December 2021

The results of the study are aimed at diagnosing financial security risks of economic entities in the digital environment by analyzing the potential of an audit firm, assessing risks and risk management systems.
A Model of Psychological and Pedagogical Support of the Process
of Formation of Environmental Awareness of University Students
Authors: Korepanova E. V. , Petrishcheva L. P. , Popova E. E. , Kozachek A. V.
Published: December 2021

The paper presents a solution to the problem of the formation of students’ environmental awareness through the organization
of special psychological and pedagogical support of the process under consideration in the system of continuous education. The basic directions
of psychological and pedagogical support of the formation of students’ environmental awareness are stressed. An innovative model of psychological and pedagogical support of the process of formation
of students’ environmental awareness as a multilevel system is proposed, and in the phenomenological, structural-content and organizational-functional terms, organically including particular models: conceptual, personality-oriented procedural, organizational and informational. It is shown that the model of psychological and pedagogical support will ensure the formation of students’ environmental awareness, taking into account the diversity of their personal properties through the effective organization
of educational and professional environmental activities.
THE EXPERIENCE OF USING CLOUD-BASED TECHNOLOGIES IN FOREIGN LANGUAGE TEACHING
Authors: Voyakina E. Yu.
Published: December 2021

The digital era has firmly entered the modern educational process bringing a variety of distance learning platforms (technologies). The intensive use of web technologies has also affected the field of foreign language teaching. The introduction
of modern methods based on cloud-based technologies in higher education is due to the fact that traditional learning process does not fully meet the requirements of the modern reality both in the forms of its organization and its methods. The aim of this paper is
to describe cloud-based technologies used in foreign language classes at Tambov State Technical University and identify the advantages and drawbacks of using these technologies. In addition
to the main university platform, which provides ample opportunities in the context of foreign language teaching, examples of additional web services, showing their effectiveness in working with students of non-linguistic universities, are presented.
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Published: December 2021

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Using Health Belief Model, TriRisk Model, and Fatalism to predict COVID-19 Social Distancing Compliance Behavior
Authors: Lahiry S. , Karmakar R. , Parameswaran S.
Published: December 2021

Objectives. The study has a translational focus to examine the applicability of the Health Belief Model, the TriRisk model, and fatalism-belief in the context of the COVID-19 disease, specifically to test if they help us predict recommended compliance behavior. Another objective is to examine how the three components of the TriRisk model work together.
Background. Amid a raging COVID-19 pandemic, governments everywhere need to deploy more targeted strategies to make social distancing effective and reduce human to human transmission of the virus.
Study design. The study predicted the lockdown compliance behaviour from constructs of the TriRisk model and fatalism-belief, using multiple linear regression and mediation analysis.
Participants. 357 Participants across India; age range: 15—78 years; 41.5% men and 58.5% women.
Measurements. Components of the health belief model, fatalism, and recommended compliance behavior were assessed using Multi-item and single-item scales.
Results. Experiential risk perception was the strongest predictor of compliance behavior, followed by perceived barriers and gender. Deliberative risk perception and affective risk perception were significantly positively correlated with compliance behavior, though not statistically significant predictors. Experiential risk perception mediated the path between cognitive risk assessment and compliance behavior.
Conclusions. The present study has implications for designing and trying out compliance enhancement intervention through use of appropriate experiential risk content in designing public campaigns to increase compliance behavior.
Tax Compliance: Approaches to Understanding
Authors: Tsaregradskaya Yu. K.
Published: December 2021

The paper is aimed at researching tax compliance from various theoretical points of view. It was determined that at present tax compliance is considered most often in the context of a narrow and wide interpretation of this term. In the first case, we are talking about tax risk management, and in the second— complying with tax laws. In this regard, we can draw a conclusion about an economic and legal understanding of the institution under consideration. However, it should be borne in mind that tax compliance is aimed at implementing an effective tax policy both at the micro level and at the national level. The study of foreign experience led to the conclusion that in domestic practice of tax relations more attention should be paid to the psychological comfort of taxpayers, which will contribute to their more legitimate behavior, as well as successful interaction with tax authorities.

The author summarizes that the importance of tax revenues to the budget of any state determines the development of an effective tax policy of the state in order to comply with tax legislation. Understanding of tax compliance is diverse. It is based on either a broad or narrow interpretation of this term, on the emphasis made on either its legal or economic aspect. It can be interpreted as an internal policy of a taxpayer related to the payment of taxes and fees, as well as an assessment of tax risks or compliance with tax legislation by all participants in the relevant relationship. The effectiveness of tax compliance largely depends upon interaction between taxpayers and tax authorities. Achieving a similar effect is possible by studying and using the experience of other countries that provide tax authorities with more functions to advice taxpayers.
Arbitration Hearing with Remote Participation: Necessary Innovations that Irreversibly Change Traditions
Authors: Savranskiy M. Yu. , Popova M. E.
Published: December 2021

The COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic forced most arbitration centers in countries with a wide variety of legal traditions to switch to mass arbitration hearings in video conferencing mode in the spring of 2020. It turned out that hearings with remote participation of representatives of the parties, and sometimes arbitrators, have a number of advantages compared to regular hearings. A number of new possibilities arises and thus compensates the loss of certain possibilities adherent in physical presence of arbitration participants at hearings. The authors argue that most of the obstacles and shortcomings of the new format as a whole can be overcome with modern regulatory development, law enforcement, software, and hardware tools. The paper examines, among other things, the experience of the Arbitration Center at the Russian Union of Industrialists and Entrepreneurs, whose software and hardware complex and previously modernized arbitration rules made it possible to safely switch to a new mode of operation. New documents of international origin in this area are also being considered, indicating the need to ensure a balance between the effectiveness of arbitration proceedings on the one hand and the right of the parties to due process and fair treatment on the other.

The authors conclude that there will not be a complete return to the previous practice with the end of the pandemic. However, a certain part of the meetings, taking into account the circumstances of the disputes, will return offline, the popularity of various mixed (hybrid) options will increase, which will not be difficult to put into practice due to the flexibility of the arbitration procedure. The flexibility of arbitration and the delegation to arbitrators of a number of issues related to the organization and conduct of arbitration proceedings, which require that opinions of the parties should be requested and considered in order to solve the dispute, makes it possible to ensure the optimal “format” of the arbitration procedure given the specific circumstances of the dispute. This procedure provides its participants, among other things, a reasonable and sufficient opportunity to present their positions, ensuring equal treatment of the parties and adversarial while ensuring the real effectiveness of the arbitration procedure, which allows in modern conditions to properly implement the principles on which arbitration is based.
Excursion of The Median, Ulnar and Radial Nerves During the Nerve Gliding Exercises Used in The Orthopedic Physiotherapy: A Cadaveric Study
Authors: DUMAN İbrahim , DAVUL Serkan , HALLAÇELİ Hasan , DOĞRAMACI Yunus , URUÇ Vedat
Published: December 2021

Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the measurement of nerve gliding, resulting from joint motion and changes of upper extremity position.

Methods: The upper extremities of ten fresh human cadavers were dissected to delineate relationship between the positioning of upper extremity and gliding distance of nerves. Nerve mobilization – stretching therapy (SMG) techniques are mentioned in the literature for each of the radial, medial and ulnar nerves. Nerve excursion secondary to motion of shoulder, elbow, wrist, and fingers was evaluated at the elbow via SMG application. Initially extremities and the head were positioned with anatomic position. For the median nerve, extremity position was elbow extension, forearm supination, wrist and finger extension. For the ulnar nerve upper extremity position was elbow flexion, full forearm pronation, and wrist and finger dorsiflexion. Finally, the excursion of the radial nerve was observed with the position of elbow extension, forearm pronation, wrist and finger palmar flexion.

Results: The ulnar, radial and median nerves excursion were 13.5, 29.75 and 11.37 mm respectively.

Conclusion: In this study, longitudinal excursion movement of radial, median and ulnar nerves was observed with movements of shoulder, elbow, wrist and finger joints in different positions. SMG techniques can contribute to the mobilization of nerve tissue in orthopedic rehabilitation.
The Effect of Glenohumeral Joint Injection Prior to Physical Therapy on Treatment Outcomes in Adhesive Capsulitis
Authors: MENGİ Alper
Published: December 2021

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate whether ultrasound-guided intraarticular (IA) glenohumeral injection applied before physical therapy and exercise therapy program (PTETP) contributes to the treatment outcomes in patients with adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder (ACS).

Methods: The medical records of 93 patients diagnosed with ACS who underwent the same physical therapy modalities five sessions per week for three weeks (consisted of superficial heating (infrared), transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, and therapeutic ultrasound) and exercise therapy program between October 1, 2019–March 1, 2020 were retrospectively evaluated. A total of 41 patients who met inclusion and exclusion criteria were divided into two groups in terms of injection application. Patients who were applied ultrasound guided IA glenohumeral injections before PTETP were considered “injection patients” (n=19), while other patients were considered “non-injection patients” (n=22). The active and passive range of motion (ROM), severity of pain, and degrees of pain and disability of the affected shoulders were assessed at baseline (day 0) and end of PTETP (day 21).

Results: Physical therapy modalities and exercise therapy used in ACS treatment had a positive effect on pain scores, ROM, and disability scores at the end of three weeks. It was determined that ultrasound-guided IA injection prior to this treatment the positive effect on daytime and nighttime pain but did not provide additional benefit on ROM or disability.

Conclusion:Ultrasound-guided glenohumeral IA injection therapy before PTETP may be beneficial in ACS patients with predominant symptoms of pain.
Male Breast Cancer: A Single-Center Experience
Authors: ESMER Ahmet Cem , DAĞ Ahmet , BERKEŞOĞLU Mustafa , TAZEOĞLU Deniz
Published: December 2021

Objective: Male breast cancer (MBC) is a rare disease, accounting for less than 1% of breast and male cancers. Because of the low incidence, most of the clinical decisions for MBC have been derived from the experience of treatment of breast cancer in females. MBC is generally detected in advanced stages due to a lack of social awareness as it occurs in breast cancer in females. In this study, it was aimed to compare our clinical experience with MBC with current literature.

Methods: This study retrospectively reviewed 21 men who were diagnosed with MBC between January 2008 and January 2018 at the Department of General Surgery of Mersin University School of Medicine, Mersin, Turkey.

Results: Unilateral malign breast lesions were identified in 21 male patients that 17 are primary MBC and 4 metastatic breast lesions. 15 primary MBC patients underwent primary surgical treatment, and 2 patients were directed to neoadjuvant treatment. Simple mastectomies were performed in most surgical cases. 7 patients were directly addressed to axillary lymph node dissection (ALND), and sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) was performed in 8 patients. 4 patients had tumor positivity in the settings of SLNB, and further ALND was performed subsequently in these cases. None of the patients developed local recurrence in the 24-month follow-up (range 6-96 months).

Conclusion: The rarity of MBC precludes randomized clinical trials. Most of the clinical decisions for MBC have been derived from the experience of treatment of breast cancer in females. Further studies are needed to understand better MBC.