bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A New Environment Friendly Process for Making Green Epoxy-Based Composites Mold
Authors: Kuo Chil Chyuan , Lin Zhi Yang , Tsai Wang Lin
Published: September 2011

Rapid tooling technology is regarded as an important method of reducing the cost and time to market in a new product development process. Epoxy-based composites mold is frequently employed in the intermediate tooling. Based on green manufacturing, an environment friendly process for making epoxy-based composites mold is developed and implemented in this work. This method provided a new, simple, and green manufacturing to produce green rapid tooling without loss of dimension accuracy and surface roughness. The advantages of this method include high yields of the mold fabrication, reducing the cost in the mold fabrication, and environmentally conscious manufacturing. The saving in the cost of the rapid tooling is up to 52.5%.
Properties of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube / Polymethyl Methacrylite Nanocomposite Prepared via a Modified Coagulation Method
Authors: Mazni Ismail Noor , Azizan Aziz , Jaafar Mariatti
Published: September 2011

The aim of this study is to produce MWCNT/PMMA nanocomposite with enhanced properties through a modified coagulation method. Samples were prepared in respect to various high filler loadings (1%, 3%, 5%, 7% and 10% wt.). Standard ASTM D790 flexural test was used to evaluate the mechanical properties of the composites. The morphology and surface fracture was observed via Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Thermal stability and electrical conductivity of the composites as a function of MWCNT concentration were measured using Thermo Gravimetric Analyzer (TGA) and UHT Meter, respectively. Flexural strength and flexural modulus of MWCNT/PMMA nanocomposite showed an improvement up to 24.1% and 107.7% compared to the neat PMMA. It was found that the thermal stability and electrical conductivity of the MWCNT/PMMA nanocomposite improved as the concentration of the MWCNT filler increased. These studies therefore demonstrated that MWCNT/PMMA nanocomposite prepared via a modified coagulation method able to successfully improve thermal stability, electrical conductivity and mechanical properties of PMMA.
Shields Characterization of Composite Materials Based on Pyrites Ashes
Authors: Stoian Elena Valentina , Rizescu Cristiana Zizi , Pintea Jana , Bratu Vasile , Ungureanu Dan Nicolae , Fluieraru Cristi Petre
Published: September 2011

This paper presents the results of experimental determinations concerning electromagnetic field attenuation in materials containing micro-particles of ashes pyrite in their structure. To know the effect of shielding effectiveness of electromagnetic field electromagnetic absorbents were performed by transmission measurements of attenuation in the frequency range 1-18 GHz. The goal of present paper consits in the realization a composit material with polymeric matrix. The synthetic polymeric matrix used at the obtaining composite is represented by a bicomponent silicone elastomer that strengthens itself at the room temperature by means of a poly condensation reaction. The materials obtained in laboratory contain plated nettling like reinforcement material and ashes pyrite as filling agent. The materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction, transmision diminishing carried out and relative permittivity.
Study of Properties of High Strength Concrete Reinforced with Industrial Waste Steel Fibers
Authors: Rahnema Hosein , Modarresi Mohammad Hosein , Lashkari Ali , Hadianfard Mohammad Ali , Sedaghat Saeid
Published: September 2011

High strength concrete (HSC) farther than high compressive strength, possesses uniform high density and very low impermeability, endowing itself with excellent resistance to aggressive environments and disintegrating agencies. But HSC has low flextural strength. Studies have shown that the lack of enough flextural strength of high strength concrete can be compensated by adding steel fibers to the concrete mixture. On the other hand one of the most important environmental problems is the majority of waste spiral steel chips, collected in industrial poles. In this study waste spiral steel chips have been used as steel fibers to reinforced high strength concrete. Also the properties of mixture have been studied. The main properties in this study are including slump of fresh concrete, density, compressive and bending strength of 28-days old specimens. The chips are classified into three different groups according to their shapes and three different categories of test are performed according to percentage of fibers in the mixture. The test results show that any increase in percentage of fibers, will increase the density of specimens and will decreases the slump of mixtures but it will result different behavior of their compressive and bending strength.
Preparation of Polymer Microspheres Using Silane Coupling Agent Modified Nano-SiO2 as Single Stabilizer
Authors: Ma Guang Hui , Zhang Fa Ai , Gu Chang Sheng
Published: September 2011

This paper demonstrates that silica nanoparticles were modified by the four silane coupling agents (KH-151, KH-550, KH-560, KH-570) firstly, then polystyrene/silica (PS/SiO2) composite microsphere with PS core and silica nanoparticles shell were prepared by Pickering emulsion polymerization. The characterization of optical microscope (OM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and thermogravimetic analysis ( TGA) illustrates that these microsphere are composed of PS and silica nanoparticles. Silica nanoparticles modified by the different silane coupling agents could form the stable PS/SiO2 microsphere over 70 °C, while the unmodified silica nanoparticles are difficult to form stable PS/SiO2 microspheres at the same temperature. The PS/KH-151-SiO2 microsphere exhibits the least average particle size, while the PS/KH-570-SiO2 microsphere produces the largest. Both SEM and TGA confirm that microsphere surface exists solid nanoparticles.
Investigation of Precision Forging Process of Spur Gears: Numerical Analysis and Experiments
Authors: Zadshakoyan M. , Sobbouhi E.Abdi , Jafarzadeh H.
Published: September 2011

In this study, the precision forging process of spur gears has been investigated by means of numerical analysis. The effect of some parameters such as teeth number and module on the forming force and specific pressure were presented. The simulation works were performed rigid-plastic finite element method using DEFORM 3D software. In order to validate the estimated numerical results, they were compared with those obtained experimentally during precision forging of spur gear using lead as a model material. Results showed that the optimum number of gear teeth is between 10 to 20, that is because of being the specific pressure in its minimum value. Also the results obtained from analyzing the effective strain distribution showed that the maximum strain is located on the root area of the teeth. The work presented in this paper might be used for basic data in the design of the precision forging process.
Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Wrought Mg-4.1Li-2.5Al-1.7Zn-1Sn Alloy
Authors: Wu Rui Zhi , Li Da Yong , Liu Xu He , Zhang Mi Lin
Published: September 2011

An Mg-Li-Al-Zn-Sn alloy was prepared by vacuum melting. The actual content of the elements in the alloy was determined using inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission mass spectrometry (ICP-AEMS). The density of the alloy was detected using Archimedes’ method. Extrusion and rolling deformation were carried out on this alloy. Its microstructures and mechanical properties were then studied with an optical microscope (OM), scanning electronic microscope (SEM), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS), and tensile tester. The extruded alloy was composed of α-Mg and Mg2Sn phases and had good strength and elongation properties as well as a good comprehensive performance. After further rolling deformation, an Al-Li phase appeared due to atomic diffusion during the hot rolling process. Strain-hardening and the strengthening effect of the Al-Li phase further improved the strength of the alloy but decreased its elongation capacity.
Research of Immobilization of Transglutaminase on Polypropylene Microporous Membranes
Authors: Na Zhi Guo , Wang Xue Fei , Ma Yong Qiang , Qian Lei , Yan Hong Yu
Published: September 2011

Activated ozone as the carrier，crylic acid as the monomer and glutaraldehyde as the cross-linking agent were used to research the immobilization of transglutaminase on polypropylene microporous membranes. The effect of ozone activation time，grafting time，grafting temperature，monomer concentration and ammonium ferrous sulfate concentration on grafting degree were studied, the Immobilization conditions were also studied. We found the optimal reaction conditions as following: consistency of hexamethylendiamine was 15%，at 50°C for 120min and consistency，at 30°C for 45minites，consistency of enzyme was 15mg/mL at 4°C. So the immobilized amount of protein could come to 30.23mg/g membrane and the activity of immobilized MTG come to 16.9U/g membrane.
Optimization of Injection Molding Process Parameters to Increase the Tensile Strength in Polyamide-Specimen Using the Taguchi Method
Authors: Mirvar S. Esmail , Kaleybar Ramin Mohamadi , Afsari Ahmad
Published: September 2011

Mechanical properties of plastic play an important role in defining the quality of injection molded products. Many studies have shown that mechanical properties of a product are influenced by the process parameters governing the injection-molding processes .This study employs Taguchi design parameters, to systematically investigate the influence of injection molding processing parameters on the tensile strength of Commercial grade Polyamide (PA-6). The result shows that the holding pressure time has main effect on the tensile strength, followed by cooling time, and holding pressure. Finally, a specimen produced according to the general form of the predictive equation of process parameters and verification test is performed on that. Test results show that the experimental value of tensile strength is very close to the estimated value.
Technical Development on Large Size Silicone Rubber Mold
Authors: Kuo Chil Chyuan , Lin Zhi Yang , Tsai Wang Lin
Published: September 2011

Rapid tooling technology is regarded as an important method of reducing the cost and time to market in a new product development process. Silicone rubber mold is frequently employed in the indirect tooling. Based on green manufacturing, an environment friendly process for making large size silicone rubber is developed and implemented in this work. This method provides a new, simple, and green manufacturing to produce large size silicone rubber mold without loss of dimensional accuracy, geometrical accuracy, and surface roughness. The advantages of this method include high yields of the mold fabrication, reducing the cost in the mold fabrication, and environmentally conscious manufacturing. The saving in the cost of the rapid tooling is up to 66.41%.
The Hoist of Mine Improvement and Design of Brake System Study
Authors: Lu Zhen Rong
Published: September 2011

The field of mine hoist in the coal mine has an important role, its relationship with the safe operation of coal mine production safety and the lives of many miners. This article of mine hoist began to study the current situation, put forward specific measures for improvement. And the introduction of PLC control system to improve the performance of mine hoist. In this paper, the specific principles of experimental program with the specific design, the study proved of great economic and practical significance.
Modeling of LSF Technology in Building Design and Construction Case-Study: Parand Residential Complex, Iran
Authors: Mahdavinejad Mohammad Javad , Hajian Mina , Doroodgar Amene
Published: September 2011

The adopted strategy to overcome the housing shortage crisis in Iran is the mass production. The way forward to accelerate the mass production, is adopting the industrial building systems with the increased prefabrication. One of the most optimal new building systems is Lightweight Steel Framing (LSF) Technology. Parand Residential Complex as the first serious project to industrialize the construction processes in Iran is facing the various problems during the processes of manufacture and execution of LSF components. The research aim is to offer an optimized model for manufacturing and execution processes of LSF Technology in the constructive projects which in it the deficiencies are compensated and strengths are intensified. So, case-studies and combined strategies has adopted as research method and based on it, the manufacture and execution processes of LSF technology in the case-study, were taken into consideration to recognize the existing advantages and disadvantages. The results of the research show that disadvantages of the manufacture and execution processes can be improved into one combined model. Finally, with offering four strategies to compensate the deficiencies and three strategies to intensify the strengths, the paper develops a model to coordinate the processes of manufacturing and execution in LSF technology in building design and construction.
Feedback Servo Pump Station Overflow Innovative Energy-Saving Design
Authors: Shen Liang Yuan , Wang Hong Guang , Zhang Rui Jun , Liu Peng Peng
Published: September 2011

The usual hydraulic pump station pumps the general use of quantitative supply voltage level or constant pressure, using the corresponding control valve speed to adapt to work requirements, when the hydraulic system is intermittent or low-load condition, a large number of high-pressure oil through regulator overflow Back to the tank overflow valve, causing a great deal of energy consumption, when the hydraulic system requires a large flow of oil, it will result in a short time for the fluid system for liquid inadequate and under-voltage phenomenon. To solve this problem, we propose to improve the program, and conducted the analysis and comparison of several options to determine the source of energy-saving adaptive overall scheme of oil, its reasonable design, implementation of the automatic adaptive functioning, energy loss Small, the effect is significant.
Evaluation of Grid Performance Based on Grey AHP Model
Authors: Niu Dong Xiao , Zhou Kun , Li Ying Ying , Fang Fang
Published: September 2011

This paper establishes a grey AHP model and an index system of grid performance, Science and rationality of the grey AHP model has been demonstrated through evaluating grid performance of a power supply company.
A Cloud Model to Implement SaaS
Authors: Sreenivas V. , Sriharsha S. , Narasimham C.
Published: September 2011

Cloud computing is a paradigm where tasks are assigned to a combination of connections, software and services accessed over a network. Clouds provide processing power, which is made possible through distributed computing. Cloud computing can be seen as a traditional desktop computing model, where the resources of a single desktop or computer used to complete tasks, and an expansion of the client/server model. The paper describes a model for cloud computing to implement software as a service (SaaS).
Simulation and Performance Analysis of OFDM System Based on Simulink
Authors: Wu Jun Qin , Ruan Xu Fen
Published: September 2011

OFDM is the core technique of the fourth generation mobile communication technology. In this paper ,a OFDM communication system model is designed base on the analysis of the basic principles of OFDM and the dynamic simulation for the system model is implemented by use of Simulink. The simulation results indicated that the system error performance is related to the choice of RS coding and the selection of LS/MMSE channel estimation means can affect the performance also, the BER performance of OFDM system can be greatly improve by selecting the encoding and channel estimation method properly.
Application of Non-Linear Partial Least-Squares Regression in the Prediction of Carbonization Depth of Concrete
Authors: Jiang Jian Ping
Published: September 2011

Based on partial least-squares multinomial regression, this paper had a prediction on carbonization depth of conctete. Taking water-cement ratio (i.e. water-ash ratio), cement content (i.e. application amount of cement material), and exposure time of concrete as independent variables , and carbonization depth of conctete as dependent variable , the forecast model of carbonization depth of conctete was obtained. It was found that, Press residual value decreased with the increase of number of latent variables, and the number of latent variables were three by Press residual value versus number of latent variables. The normal regression coefficient of exposure time of concrete was the largest wiithin three influence factors, this indicated that the influence of exposure time of concrete was largest to conctete carbonization depth; The determination coefficient of forecast model obtained in this paper was 0.9940, the error of forecast model was . The following conclusion can be drawn that, the model is accurate and credible, and the partial least-squares multinomial regression is a eximious non-linear method, and it is worthy to spread its application in the forecast analysis of conctete carbonization depth.
Face Detection Based on Color Model and Grayscale Value Distribution
Authors: Zhang Ying
Published: September 2011

With the development of technology concerning face recognition, it has aroused great attentions from related scientists and is envisioned to be widely applied in various fields in the future. In this paper we are going to describe an effective way for detecting face in the statistic images. The proposed method will firstly detect face region via using the color model, which has been described in my previous paper [1] so as to locate the candidate pixels. Then we analyze the gray value distribution of candidate pixels to segment a more accurate region. Finally the face region is likely to be obtained after the exclusion of superfluous skin region.
Feature Detection by Color Tensor-Based Photometric Invariants
Authors: Yuan Xing Sheng , Wang Zheng Zhi
Published: September 2011

Although the majority of images are recorded in color format nowadays, computer vision research is still mostly restricted to luminance-based feature detection. In this paper, we combine the features based on the color tensor with photometric invariant derivatives to arrive at photometric invariant features. The combination of the photometric invariance theory and tensor based features allows for detection of a variety of features such as photometric invariant edges, corners. Experiments show that the proposed features are robust to scene incidental events and perform well in real-world scene.
A Kind of Improved GQM Measurement Model for Software Process
Authors: Yun Yong Gang , Chu Mei , Guo Guang Nan , Shi Hong Yan , Huang Xiao Bo
Published: September 2011

Software quality measurement is closely connected with process and product. With measurement and analysis on software process data, improvement and control on software can be achieved. Effective process performance model plays key role in understanding and controlling. Introduction of GQM model into software measurement process can achieve controllability and testability of software process. GQM uses organization target as measurement index to achieve measurement of software process quantitative. The core idea of CMM/CMMI is to build fact-based management and CMM/CMMI software process management is built on the basis of software measurement. Combining with CMM/CMMI measurement idea, GQM model was expanded to achieve a kind of improved process performance model.
Offline OCR System for Machine-Printed Turkish Using Template Matching
Authors: Dena Rafaa Ahmed , Nordin Jan
Published: September 2011

One of the most important application these days in Pattern Recognition (PR) is Optical Character recognition (OCR) which is a system used to convert scanned printed or handwritten image files into machine readable and editable format such as text documents. The main motivation behind this study is to build an OCR system for offline machine-printed Turkish characters to convert any image file into a readable and editable format. This OCR system started from preprocessing step to convert the image file into a binary format with less noise to be ready for recognition. The preprocessing step includes digitization, binarization, thresholding, and noise removal. Next, horizontal projection method is used for line detection and word allocation and 8-connected neighbors’ schema is used to extract characters as a set of connected components. Then, the Template matching method is utilized to implement the matching process between the segmented characters and the template set stored in OCR database in order to recognize the text. Unlike other approaches, template matching takes shorter time and does not require sample training but it is not able to recognize some letters with similar shape or combined letters, for this reason, this OCR system combines both the template matching and the size feature of the segmented characters to achieve accurate results. Finally, upon a successful implementation of the OCR, the recognized patterns are displayed in notepad as readable and editable text. The Turkish machine-printed database consists of a list of 630 names of cities in Turkey written by using Arial font with different sizes in uppercase, lowercase and capitalizes the first character for each word. The proposed OCR’s result show that the accuracy of the system is from 96% to 100%.
Simulation and Analysis of Fuel Injector Needle Closing Time
Authors: Ting Cai , Yong Deng , Zhou Yi Dan
Published: September 2011

The objective of this paper is to analyze the closing time of fuel injector needle in electronic fuel injection system. The dynamics model and hydraulic simulation in AMESim software help to find the three critical parameters and the relationships between these three parameters and the needle closing time. Results show three directions to reduce the closing time of injector needle to meet the system requirements.
A Remote Assessment Information Collection System Based on Fuzzy Logic Inference
Authors: Ren Yu Miao , Wang Jue
Published: September 2011

This paper introducts the designing of a remote assessment information collection system based on fuzzy logic inference. The system has a 6-freedom double-eyes vision robot to catch vision information, and a group of wearable sensors to acquire biomechanical signals. Taking the speed of information collection system for example, analyses and designs the struct and the rule of fuzzy control. The remote auto control of the telerehabilitation information collection system was achieved. Rehabilitation professionals can semi-automatically practice an assessment program via Internet. The results show that the smart device, including the robot and the sensors, can improve the quality of remote assessment, and reduce the complexity of operation at a distance.
Remote Image Acquisition and Transmission Framework for Monitoring Plant Growth Based on ARM9
Authors: Wang Lu , Gao Lin , Yang Kai
Published: September 2011

In order to monitor the plant growth in greenhouse, a new method based on GPRS and Internet wireless communication technology was introduced in this paper. It is a system involving S3C2410 of ARM9 kernel as the microprocessor chip, which can be run in Linux operating system and takes the wireless transmission mode of GPRS+Internet as an adoption. The structure of the whole system, hardware design and image acquisition and transmission framework were introduced. A detailed explanation was given about planted method of operating system in the paper.
NonConvex Iteratively Reweighted Least Square Optimization in Compressive Sensing
Authors: Chakraborty Madhuparna , Barik Alaka , Nath Ravinder , Dutta Victor
Published: September 2011

In this paper, we study a method for sparse signal recovery with the help of iteratively reweighted least square approach, which in many situations outperforms other reconstruction method mentioned in literature in a way that comparatively fewer measurements are needed for exact recovery. The algorithm given involves solving a sequence of weighted minimization for nonconvex problems where the weights for the next iteration are determined from the value of current solution. We present a number of experiments demonstrating the performance of the algorithm. The performance of the algorithm is studied via computer simulation for different number of measurements, and degree of sparsity. Also the simulation results show that improvement is achieved by incorporating regularization strategy.
An Automatic Method for Vertebra Segmentation
Authors: Chen Xiao , Duan Shan , Wang Ying Fei
Published: September 2011

This paper describes the techniques of the processing of automatic segmention vertebra from MRI image. The final choice is use regional growth to segment the vertebra automatically. When processing the image with algorithm of regional growth, use the Contour-tracing method to deal with the region of spine in order to extract contour. Then use mathematical morphology on the experimental results as post-processing.
Failure on Multilayered Anisotropic Conductive Films (ACF) Packaging
Authors: Lin Chao Ming , Lin Tzu Chao , Chu Li Ming
Published: September 2011

This paper develops a computational model for predicting the failure probability of multilayered packages fabricated using anisotropic conductive film (ACF). The ACF and NCA are stacked layers by layers, and spaced with each other. The analyzed pads array 10x10 combined with specified geometry parameters in the IC/ Substrate are used to analyze the failure probability. The computational results indicate that the multilayered analysis developed in this study can provide lower failure probability by means of reducing bridging effects for improving the ACF packaging yield.
The Application of LVDS Interface in the Distance High-Speed Data Transmission
Authors: Zhang Hui Xin , Hong Ying Ping , Li Kai Li
Published: September 2011

Aiming at the LVDS high speed data communication used on long distance, this paper designed the method of data reading and status monitoring of the recorder during the experiment. The transferring cables are twisted-pair, its transferring distance is 100m and the data transmission speed is 12Mbytes/s. With the method introduced in this paper, great deal of time is saved during the data retrieving process. It also increases the efficiency of the experiment, even better, the transmission medium is cheaper, more simply, and easier to be achieved than the optical fiber and coaxial cables.
The Study of Artificial Endocrine Network Model and its Application in Robot Navigation Control
Authors: Huang Guo Rui , Zhan Yan Mou , Cheng Xu , Wu Hua Qiang , Li Hao
Published: September 2011

Relative stability of the internal environment is the basis for the body’s all intelligent activities, and the endocrine system plays an irreplaceable role in maintaining that stability. Based on the self-organization mechanism of the hormone reaction diffusion in the endocrine system, this paper presents the artificial endocrine network model and the model-based learning algorithm. The model depends on the diffusion of artificial hormones and its reaction with suitable receptors to achieve the dynamic balance control of the artificial endocrine network. In order to validate the feasibility of the model and algorithm, this paper makes a simulation experiment of robotic navigation control, whose results also show that the model and its algorithm has good adaptive solving ability.
A New Write Caching Algorithm for Solid State Disks
Authors: Huang Bai Yi
Published: September 2011

Flash-based solid state disks (SSD) is a performance based data storage technology that optimizes the use of flash-based technology to implement its data storage capabilities compared with mechanically available data storage technologies. It has been argued in theory and practice that SSD devices are better performers compared with mechanical devices. To improve the efficiency of a flash memory SSD device, it is important for it to be designed to be computationally support parallel operations.
Optimized Watermarking Technique Using Mex Implementation
Authors: Das Aspriha , Trivedi Rajiv
Published: September 2011

The digital watermarking technology is the most active topic in image protection recently. In this paper, a digital watermarking algorithm based on Wavelet transform has been developed, which is implemented in MEX from MATLAB to explore a new area of research in digital media.
Growth of InAs Quantum Wires with Ga-Assisted Deoxidation on Cleaved-Edge GaAs (110) Surface
Authors: Liu Jian Qing , Chen Yong Hai , Xu Bo , Wang Zhan Guo
Published: September 2011

We have fabricated site-controlled InAs quantum wires (QWRs) on the cleaved surface (110) of AlGaAs/GaAs superlattices (SLs) structures by using Ga-assisted deoxidation method. In the surface of SLs regions, InAs QWRs were nucleated on GaAs in stead of AlGaAs. In the (110) surface without superlattices(SLs) structures, QDs with a large size were obtained, which is considered hard to realize. To understand the different InAs growth phenomena in the regions with and without superlattices structures, we suggest that indium adatoms have an apparent trend to migrate to the SLs area.
Application of CMAC-PID Compound Control in PMLSM Servo System
Authors: Wang Wu , Su Liang Yu
Published: September 2011

Permanent Magnet Linear Synchronous Motor (PMLSM) servo system was widely used in high precision application and advanced control strategy was necessary for its control system. Cerebellar Model Articulation Controller (CMAC) neural network was introduced into control system with conceptual mapping and physical mapping process analyzed, also the mathematical models of PMLSM was constructed. The compound control system with PID controller as feedback control and CMAC neural network as feed- forward control was constructed. The simulation shows the controller can realize inverse dynamic model and robust control.
Fast Feature-Based Template Matching, Based on Efficient Keypoint Extraction
Authors: Tavakol Ali , Soltanian Mohammad
Published: September 2011

In order to improve the performance of feature-based template matching techniques, several research papers have been published. Real-time applications require the computational complexity of keypoint matching algorithms to be as low as possible. In this paper, we propose a method to improve the keypoint detection stage of feature-based template matching algorithms. Our experiment results show that the proposed method outperforms keypoint matching techniques in terms of speed, keypoint stability and repeatability.
Optimal Scanning Condition of Selective Laser Melting Processing with Stainless Steel 316L Powder
Authors: Laohaprapanon Apinya , Jeamwatthanachai Pongnarin , Wongcumchang Marut , Chantarapanich Nattapon , Chantaweroad Surapon , Sitthiseripratip Kriskrai , Wisutmethangoon Sirikul
Published: September 2011

This study aimed to investigate the stainless steel 316L processing by means of selective laser melting (SLM). The processing parameters under consideration included laser power (25-225 W), scanning speed (50-320 mm/s), and scan spacing (0.04 and 0.06 mm). Every processing was constrained the layer thickness as of 100 µm. All parameters were performed based on two experiments, line scanning and multiple layers scanning. Each of final workpieces was examined by visual inspection, density measurement, hardness, and built rate. From the experiments, the optimal processing conditions which produced the smooth tracks were obtained. The workpiece processed by this optimal processing condition presented quality characteristics with 97.6% density and 220±6 HV hardness.
Studies on Automatic Recognition System of Fabric Weaves’ Parameters
Authors: Li Yan Mei , Qiu Xiao Kun , Jiang Zhen Zhen
Published: September 2011

In virtue of having some periodicity in space, the fabric weave pattern can be recognized by using computer image process technology. Firstly, the reflected image and transmissive image of fabric were scanned and disposed. Then its image of two-dimensional power spectrum and image of autocorrelation were obtained by means of Fourier transform technology. Finally the fabric weave parameters can be calculated, including density of warp and weft, the size of warp and weft and the yarn numbers of weave repetition etc. Based on foregoing theory, this paper develops automatic recognition system of fabric weave parameters, which is worth of popularizing.
Research on Deflection Calculation of Laminated Glass Simply Supported on Four Sides
Authors: Wang Xun , Zhang Qi Lin , Chen Jun , Tao Zhi Xiong , Chen Jun
Published: September 2011

Combining with load bearing capacity tests, the laminated glass simply supported on four sides subjected to bending is analyzed using the finite element software ANSYS. Based on the theoretical and experimental deflection results, the accurate calculation model is established. In order to calculate the deflection of laminated glass subjected to short-time loading such as wind load based on different codes, the equivalent thickness of laminated glass based on Chinese code 2003 and European code is calculated, respectively. Finally, on the basis of many finite element analyses, load bearing capacity tests and code values, the formulas for calculating maximum deflectiont of four-sides supported laminated glass is revised in “Technical code for glass curtain wall engineering” (China) and corresponding correction coefficient is given.
Research on Demodulation System for Fiber Bragg Grating Sensor Based on Tunable Laser Light
Authors: Meng Li Jun , Tan Yue Gang , Zhou Zu De
Published: September 2011

In order to measure the signals greater than kHz such as vibration, high frequency strain and ultrasonic wave, a high-speed demodulation system for fiber Bragg grating（FBG）sensor based on tunable laser light was established. The measuring principle of the demodulation system was presented. The output curve and the wavelength measurement sensitivity were given by theoretical deduction. Then the 41434.71028 [Hz] vibration signal of ultrasonic cleaner was measured using this system. The system was compactly built with high demodulation speed and S/N(signal to noise ratio), meeting the special requirement for the high frequency signals measurement.
Recycling Process for the Management of E-Waste from Colour Picture Tubes of TV in Manufacturing Building Materials
Authors: Yadava Shalini , Chakradharb B. , Sharmac Anil
Published: September 2011

E-waste released from Television colour picture tube manufacturing process is hazardous in nature and its worldwide disposal has become major concern to safe guard the environment and ecology. The solid wastes generated from the picture tube manufacturing process contain significant quantity of compounds of lead, nickel, cobolt, iron etc. The presence of toxic substances and their characteristic nature made these wastes hazardous and pose serious problems in their disposal resulting in major environmental concerns. In the present study an attempt has been made to develop a new cost effective process for immobilizing and recycling e-waste released from electronic industry in developing non-hazardous building material using additives and binders. Detoxification /immobilization of e-waste was achieved in making composite products using cement and sand as additives through solidification/stabilization process. Further strength and stability of solidified composite products was achieved through curing process. The quality and suitability of the S/S cured composite products were tested and assessed for their Engineering properties (compressive strength, water absorption, density), Toxicity leachate characteristics, Mineralogical studies, Morphological studies for their use in engineering applications, application as construction materials like bricks, blocks, aggregates and confirmed their environmental significance.
Effect of TiO2 Nano Powder on the Microstructure and Electrical Properties of TiO2 Capacitor-Varistor Ceramics
Authors: Wang Tian Guo , Qin Qun , Zhang Wen Jun
Published: September 2011

The influence of TiO2 nano powder on the electrical properties and microstructure of TiO2 ceramics was studied. The results showed that nano additive reduces the size of TiO2 grain. The results also showed that the breakdown voltage and nonlinear constant of the samples were improved and the dielectric constant was reduced by doping nano-titania. An optimal composition dopant with 6 mol% nano-titania exhibited a low breakdown voltage of 11.3 V/mm, a nonlinear coefficient of 5.5, an ultrahigh relative dielectric constant of 7.11×104 and relatively low loss of 0.28.
Differences in Several Important Proteins Contents between Raw Milk and Reconstituted Milk
Authors: Guan Rong Fa , Liu Dong Hong , Jiang Jia Xin , Rui Chang , Liu Peng Peng , Ye Xing Qian
Published: September 2011

The objective of this study was to evaluate the nutritional quality of reconstituted milk by determining concentrations of several important proteins. Difference in protein between raw milk and reconstituted milk was determined with spectrophotometer, HPLC, fluorometry, ELISA, photon correlation spectroscopy. Total undenatured whey protein, β-lactoglobulin, α-lactalbumin, chemically available lysine, insulin-like growth factor-Ⅰ (IGF-Ⅰ), epidermal growth factor (EGF), immunoglobulin G (IgG) contents and casein micelle size were analyzed for both raw milk and reconstituted milk. Results showed that reconstituted milk had a significant decrease (P<0.01) in total undenatured whey protein, β-lactoglobulin, α-lactalbumin, chemically available lysine, IGF-Ⅰ, EGF and IgG. The decrease of casein micelle particle size confirmed that most of the whey protein denatured and associated with the casein micelle occurred in the processing of milk powder manufacture. It is concluded that reconstituted milk has a lower nutritional value than that of raw milk.
Comparison of the Amino Acid and Protein Content between Peanut Meal and Fermented Peanut Meal
Authors: Liu Dong Mei , Tang Shi Sheng , Shi Ying , Yu Shu Juan , Wu Hui
Published: September 2011

Peanut meal (PNM) is considered an inferior protein supplement and used as an inexpensive source of protein. In order to improve the nutritional qualities of PNM, it was fermented by Bacillus subtilis AS1. 260. The amino acids and protein concentration were investigated before and after fermentation by Bacillus subtilis AS1. 260. SDS-PAGE electrophoresis was used to measure proteins molecular weight between PNM and fermented peanut meal (FPNM). The results shows that under the optimum conditions (water volume 50 ml, fermentation 40 h, autoclave period 45 min, (NH4)2SO4 quantity 2.0 g), the No. 9 PFNM had the highest protein content of 55.93 %. PNM fermented by Bacillus subtilis AS1.260 can result in polypeptides of less than 24 kDa. The essential amino acids (EAA) Tyr, Val, Met, Ile, Leu and Lys increased significantly from 1.44, 1.46, 0.09, 1.22, 2.43, 0.90 to 1.51, 2.19, 0.58, 1.78, 2.84, 2.54, respectively (p<0.05). The total amino acids (AA) also increased significantly from 36.39 to 42.40 % (p<0.05). To sum up, fermentation of PNM by Bacillus subtilis AS1.260 can increased significantly the levels of protein, essential amino acids, and amino acids, furthermore, can hydrolyzes the PNM proteins into smaller peptides, which indicates that the fermented PNM can be used as a promising inexpensive source of protein supplement.
Potential Role of Calcium Lon in Mediating the Response of Escherichia Coli to Audible Sound Stimulation
Authors: Gu Shao Bin , Li Ke Wei , Wu Ying , Li Shi Chang , Lu Guo Wei
Published: September 2011

Previous studies from our laboratory have indicated that audible sound field stimulation can significantly affect E.coli growth and metabolic action, which can enhance or inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli (E.coli), and the effects of sound field on E.coli growth depended greatly on the intensity and frequency of sound field. However, very little efforts have been put forth in studying the potential mechanism of bacterial cells responses to audible sound stimulation. In this paper, the potential role of calcium signaling in mediating the response of E.coli to audible sound stimulation was firstly reported. We found that audible sound wave stimulation could evidently enhance total intracellular Ca2+ content. And the lack of calcium ion in medium significantly alleviated audible sound wave biological effects. Moreover, by adding appropriate level of calcium chloride to the LB medium contained 1.2 mM EDTA, the promotion effect of audible sound wave to E.coli growth was gradually resumed. On the basis of these findings, we speculate that calcium signaling may play an important role in mediating the response of E.coli to audible sound stimulation.
Comparison of Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Activities of the Essential Oil of Taxus Media and Taxus Chinensis Var. Mairei Leaves
Authors: Zhang Jing , Yuan Ke , Jin Yong Chun
Published: September 2011

The study was conceived to evaluate the difference in the chemical composition as well as the difference in the antimicrobial activities of the essential oils of Taxus media and Taxus chinensis var. mairei leaves. The chemical composition of essential oils which obtained by hydrodistillation method, were analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) system, and the relative amount of the chemical components of the essential oils were determined by the peak area normalization method. Remarkable differences were recorded between the percentages of a few constituents from the two essential oils. A total of 34 compounds were identified from the essential oil of Taxus media leaves, with the compounds of the dominant are Benzene propanenitrile (21.30%), 1, 4-Dioxane-2, 3-diol (20.13%), 3-Bromo-3-methyl-Butyric acid (17.92%) and 1-hydroxy-2-Butanone (9.85%). For the essential oil of Taxus chinensis var. Mairei leaves, 33 compounds were identified with the compounds of the dominant are Benzene propanenitrile (49.39%), 1-hydroxy-2-Butanone (12.72%), Acetic acid (5.39%), 1-octen-3-ol (4.28%) and (E)-3-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-2-Propenoic acid, (3.53 %). The ﬁlter paper disc agar diffusion method was used to test the antimicrobial activities of the essential oils, and diameter of antibacterial zones (DD) value and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value were used to evaluate the antimicrobial activity. The result showed that the essential oil of Taxus media leaves possessed stronger antimicrobial activity than the essential oil of Taxus chinensis var. mairei leaves against the two tested bacteria.
Interaction of Dietary Zinc and Vitamin A Influences the Zinc Deposition and some Enzymes` Activity in Broilers
Authors: Guan Xue Min , Bian Feng Lian , Zhu Wen Jin , Wang Bo , Zhang Chun Shan
Published: September 2011

576 broilers are experimented on with 6 × 2 (Zn × vitamin A) repetitive experiment in attempt to study the influence of different dietary zinc levels (40,80 ,120 ,160 ,200 and 320 mg/ kg) and dietary vitamin A levels (2700 and 8800 IU/ kg) on vitamin A metabolism, zinc concentration in liver and tibia, zinc apparent deposition rate, serum ALK activity, CuZn-SOD activity in liver and serum, and serum insulin concentration. Results showed that vitamin A concentration in serum increased with the increasing of zinc level in the diet, and that in livers decreased accordingly, which means that zinc can mobilize vitamin A of liver into serum. When dietary zinc level was 320 mg/kg, vitamin A concentration in serum, liver and kidney increased at the same time, perhaps higher dietary zinc level promoted vitamin A absorption except for mobilizing it into serum. Higher dietary vitamin A level (8800 IU/kg) increased zinc concentration in liver and tibia slightly. Zinc apparent deposition rate increased with the increasing of dietary zinc level within certain range and then decreased.；dietary Zinc level has a prominent influence on CuZn – SOD in serum when P < 0. 01; and the result also shows that dietary zinc level, vitamin A level and their interaction has a respectively prominent influence on ALK, serum insulin concentration is also apparently affected.
Differential Constitutive Equation of Elytra Cuticle by Nanoindentation
Authors: Sun Ji Yu , Wang Yue Ming , Chen Dong Hui , Tong Jin , Pan Chun Xiang
Published: September 2011

Due to size limits in the transverse direction, tensile testing is not appropriate to investigate the mechanical properties of elytra cuticle of the dung beetle (Copris ochus Motschulsky). However, nanoindentation testing can determine a material’s anisotropic properties through a single indentation. In the present study, nanoindentation stress–strain curves were used to characterize the complete mechanical behavior of dung beetle elytra cuticle. A differential constitutive equation has been developed with time-dependent spring constants k and viscosities η . To describe the complex viscoelastic behavior of dung beetle cuticle, a descriptive representation of the linear viscoelasticity law for the multilayer matrix has been formulated. A qualitative model for the relationship between cuticle structure and mechanical properties of elytra may help develop bionic composite materials for micro-aircraft, bionic tribology, bionic medical apparatus, and bionic organs (tissue engineering).
Fabrication of Water Treatment Membrane Using Templating Method - A Critical Review
Authors: Chen Shun Quan , Chen Jing , Du Ru Xu
Published: September 2011

The progress in the use of templating method for the controlled synthesis of nano, meso and macro porous materials opens many new application areas, one of which is the water treatment membrane. This paper presents a critical review on the fabrication of water treatment membrane using the templating method. Three templating methods are investigated including the block copolymer templating method, the polystyrene beads templating method, and the particles templating method. The future research directions are also discussed.
Utilizing Photoreduction Process to Anchor Metal on TiO2 for Acid-Odors Removal
Authors: Lin Yu Сhih , Chang Chung Liang , Mei Che Wei
Published: September 2011

Anchoring metal on TiO2by photoreduction process characterized as adsorbent and photocatalyst is the target in this study. Metal anchored TiO2is expected to remove acid-odors well at room temperature. Besides the adsorption and absorption mechanism, the material could also decompose the acid-odors by photocatalysis process under UV irradiation. Thus the removal efficiency of acid-odors processed via metal anchored TiO2could be better than those of the common adsorbent and photocatalyst no matter with or without UV irradiation, the service life of the decontamination via metal anchored TiO2is also extended more than common adsorbent. According to the comparisons between TiO2and various porous materials during acid-odors adsorption, Beta type zeolite shows the best efficiency due to the maximum silica-alumina ratio and excellent specific surface area. However, Ag anchored TiO2(Ag-TiO2) via photoreduction process can improve the photocatalysis efficiency of acid-odors; at the same time, Ag on TiO2surface also reacts with acetic acid in the chemical absorption mechanism with or without UV illumination. The regeneration activation procedure can carry away and desorb the acetic acid from Ag-TiO2. With UV irradiation, the Ag on oxidation state will attract the electrons excited from TiO2, and reduce itself to Ag on metal state, which is reactive to acetic acid; hence, the adsorption and photocatalysis efficiency of acid-odors via the regenerated Ag-TiO2is similar to brand new ones.