bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
HUBUNGAN BENTUK UJUNG SEPATU TERTUTUP (CLOSED TOE SHOE) TERHADAP KONDISI ARKUS KAKI PADA MAHASISWI FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN UNIVERSITAS UDAYANA
Authors: Ambarawati Made Sri , Andayani Ni Luh Nopi , Narta Dewi Anak Ayu Nyoman Trisna , Karunia Saraswati Ni Luh Putu Gita
Published: October 2021

Perkembangan zaman memunculkan berbagai model sepatu yang dapat menunjang penampilan khususnya bagi kalangan mahasiswi. Penggunaan footwear dapat memengaruhi kondisi arkus kaki. Perubahan pada kondisi arkus yang abnormal berdampak bagi mahasiswi. Tujuan penelitian ini ialah membuktikan hubungan antara bentuk ujung sepatu tertutup (closed toe shoe) terhadap kondisi arkus kaki pada mahasiswi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Udayana. Penelitian ini berupa studi cross sectional bersifat analitik yang dilakukan di lingkungan Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Udayana pada bulan Desember 2020 – Februari 2021. Teknik sampling yang digunakan purposive sampling dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 82 orang yang terbagi dua kelompok pengguna ujung sepatu bulat dan pengguna ujung sepatu runcing. Penelitian ini dilakukan secara online dan offline dengan menerapkan protokol kesehatan COVID-19.Uji hipotesis chi square test digunakan dalam menganalisis hubungan bentuk ujung sepatu dan kondisi arkus kaki pada mahasiswi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Udayana didapatkan p value 0,154. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan tidak adanya hubungan yang signifikan antara bentuk ujung sepatu tertutup yang digunakan oleh mahasiswi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Udayana dengan kondisi arkus kaki. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut peneliti memprediksi berbagai faktor yang memengaruhi hasil penelitian menjadi tidak signifikan selama pandemi COVID – 19 diantaranya lama penggunaan sepatu, aktivitas fisik dan pembebanan, serta penggunaan alat ukur.

Kata Kunci : ujung, sepatu, arkus, bulat, runcing
THE EFFECTIVITY OF BACK MASSAGE WITH MULLIGAN BENT LEG RAISE IN ULTRASOUND INTERVENTION TO REDUCE PAIN AND DISABILITY IN MECHANICAL LOW BACK PAIN
Authors: Saraswati Putu Ayu Sita , Thanaya Sayu Aryantari Putri , Hari Komang Embun Dini
Published: October 2021

Mechanical Low Back Pain (LBP) is the result of poor posture which causes mechanical stress on the lower back. Data from Sanglah General Hospital in 2010 stated that of the 249 outpatient LBP patients, 26% -37% had a tendency to relapse, and 11% -12% had disabilities. LBP does not only have an impact on health, especially on musculoskeletal injuries, but it can give an impact on work and work productivity which it can have an impact on patient finances. Effective treatment for LBP can be a solution to patient complaints. Physiotherapists can provide treatments such as Ultrasound, Mulligan Bent Leg and Back Massage. This study was purpose to compare the effectiveness of the combination of Back Massage and Ultrasound with Mulligan Bent Leg Raise and Ultrasound in reducing pain and disability due to Mechanical LBP. The research method used was experimental randomized pre-test and post-test control group design. The results of this study were back massage intervention with ultrasound (p <0.001) and mulligan bent leg with ultrasound (p <0.001) can reduce disability and pain in patients with mechanical LBP, and Mulligan bent leg with ultrasound (p <0.001) proved to be more effective. compared back massage with ultrasound in reducing disability and pain in mechanical LBP patients.

Keyword: Massage, Mulligan, Mechanical Low Back Pain, Pain, Disability
Myślenie krytyczne: kilka uwag historycznych i teoretycznych
Authors: Dąbrowski Andrzej
Published: October 2021

Critical thinking: some historical and theoretical remarks: In the paper, I defend a version of critical thinking. Firstly, I reconstruct the historical context surrounding the emergence of the critical thinking movement. There are various important intuitions and concepts of critical thinking — ones authored by John Dewey, Robert H. Ennis, Richard W. Paul, among many others — that have played an important role in understanding this type of thinking. Many definitions of critical thinking constitute concise and overly narrow formulas and fail to help us understand the subject, consequently I propose my own definition. By critical thinking I mean analytical, evaluative and argumentative cognitive functions. Next I discuss the basic dialogical context in which critical thinking develops and analyse the most important elements of critical thinking such as: analysis, evaluation and argumentation. I see critical thinking to be an important and valuable form of thinking. However, I do not argue in favour of critical thinking as the primary educational ideal. Rather, it plays an instrumental and supportive role in thinking, acting and life.
Radykalność filozofii. Rozważania wokół książki Pawła Kłoczowskiego Rewolucja kartezjańska i inne szkice
Authors: Szklarska Anna
Published: October 2021

The radical nature of philosophy. Reflections on Paweł Kłoczowski’s book Cartesian revolution and other sketches: This paper offers a polemical discussion on Paweł Kłoczowski’s recently published book concerning the so‐called Cartesian revolution and other issues in social and political philosophy. The author presents Kłoczowski as the ideological heir of Leszek Kołakowski (1927–2009), and simultaneously a virtuoso of Polish philosophical essay writing. She demonstrates how topical, and at the same time timeless, are those problems considered by Kłoczowski. In doing so, she examines the inspirations of Kłoczowski and highlights some of his arguments: ones seemingly still stimulating triggers for our thinking.
Krytyka filozoficzna w Europie i na świecie wobec globalizacji i terroryzmu
Authors: Poulain Jacques , Olejarz Kornela
Published: October 2021

ŹRÓDŁO PRZEKŁADU: Poulain, J. (2011). La critique philosophique en Europe et dans le monde face à la mondialisation et aux terrorismes. Cahiers critiques de philosophie, 11, 195–206.
Dharmarāja and Dhammarāja (I) Yudhiṣṭhira on anger, patience, forgiveness and peace (Mahābhārata 3,30)
Authors: Szczurek Przemysław
Published: October 2021

Yudhiṣṭhira, often referred to in the Mahābhārata (MBh) as Dharmarāja and created for an ideal ruler, is also portrayed as a hero full of doubts about his status and duties, sometimes even advocating ideas that are at odds with his status and social affiliation. This is the case in the passage analysed here in this paper, MBh 3,30. The king, deprived of his kingdom and humiliated in exile, presents a diatribe of sorts in the presence of his brothers and wife in which he condemns anger as a reaction to wrongs suffered while praising patience and forgiveness, while also being a supporter of peace. The reactions to his words, which are expressed in the follow‐ ing chapters, as well as the general approach to the role of kṣatriya and the ruler in the epic, may indicate that Yudhiṣṭhira’s words were not fully accepted. On the other hand, a comparison of Chapter 3,30 with selected parts of the Pāli Canon allows us to see how much the ideas put in Yudhiṣṭhira’s mouth have in common with those that can be found in the texts of early Buddhism. On the basis of the proposed intertextual analysis, the author of the paper would also like to purposively reflect on the inclusion in the epic of passages that are a departure from the ethos of warrior and ruler, widely promoted in the epic.
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN APLIKASI GAME PADA SMARTPHONE TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR MAHASISWA PRODI PGSD STKIP PGRI TRENGGALEK
Authors: Riadi Anis Jannatul Firdausi , Febriandari Efi Ika , Setiawan Angga
Published: October 2021

Di zaman era milenial ini, perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi merupakan salah satu faktor penunjang lainnya yang dapat mempengaruhi hasil belajar mahasiswa berupa penggunaan aplikasi game pada smartphone. Pemakaian game yang berlebihan sering menjadi penghambat perolehan hasil belajar yang setinggi-tingginya sesuai dengan yang diharapkan semua pihak termasuk mahasiswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah pengaruh penggunaan aplikasi game pada smartphone terhadap hasil belajar mahasiswa prodi PGSD STKIP PGRI Trenggalek, dengan menggunakan metode penelitian kuantitatif dengan jenis penelitian non eksperimen atau Ex-postfacto. Objek dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 64 mahasiswa dari seluruh total semester yang ada di prodi PGSD STKIP PGRI Trenggalek. Data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan teknik angket melalui google form dan dokumentasi. Angket melalui google form digunakan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan aplikasi game pada smartphone (variabel bebas). sedangkan teknik dokumentasi digunakan untuk mengetahui hasil belajar mahasiswa (variabel terikat). Setelah data terkumpul, dianalisis dengan uji hipotesis regresi linier sederhana digunakan untuk mengetahui ada tidaknya pengaruh dari penelitian tersebut.

Hasil dari analisis data diketahui bahwa adanya pengaruh yang cukup signifikan dengan hasil r hitung = 7,774 dan dikonsultasikan dengan nilai t tabel = 1,699 dengan taraf kepercayaan 95%. Sedangkan besar pengaruh variabel X (penggunaan aplikasi game pada smartphone) terhadap variabel Y (hasil belajar) sebesar 49,4%. Dengan hasil tersebut, hipotesis alternatif diterima dan hipotesis nihil ditolak. Dengan kata lain dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada pengaruh yang signifikan pengaruh penggunaan aplikasi game pada smartphone terhadap hasil belajar mahasiswa prodi PGSD STKIP PGRI Trenggalek.
PENINGKATAN PRESTASI BELAJAR SISWA DALAM PENGUASAAN VOCABULARY MELALUI PENGGUNAAN MEDIA DIORAMA PADA PELAJARAN BAHASA INGGRIS DI KELAS V SDN PRAGAAN LAOK I KABUPATEN SUMENEP
Authors: Andiriyanto Ach. , Rizqi Hanifatur
Published: October 2021

Observasi awal data setelah melaksanakan proses pembelajaran bahasa Inggris dan diadakan evaluasi pembelajaran pada siswa kelas V SDN Pragaan Laok I, dalam evaluasi tersebut diperoleh hasil bahwa kurang dari 20% siswa yang tuntas. Metode yang digunakan guru dalam proses KBM sangatlah berpengaruh pada keberhasilan hasil belajar siswa. Kondisi siswa pada observasi awal pada proses pembelajaran menunjukkan siswa terlalu pasif, Sehingga dengan mempertimbangkan hal tersebut peneliti ingin mengkaji ulang pemasalahan tersebut dalam sebuah kegiatan penelitian tindakan kelas tentang pengenalan vocabulary dengan media diorama dengan beberapa siklus penelitian, yaitu: perencanaan, pelaksanaan, pengamatan, dan refleksi. Hasil kemajuan dari penelitian ini setelah melakukan proses pembelajaran siklus I diperoleh hasil 50% siswa mengalami peningkatan dalam hasil belajar yaitu mencapai nilai diatas KKM bahasa inggris di sekolah ini. Pada hasil observasi kondisi awal 37.% yang tuntas menjadi 65% siswa yang tuntas dalam materi preposition, direction, dan traffict sign pada pelaksanaan siklus I berarti naik 28 poin. Pada pelaksanan siklus II prosentase tuntas belajar klasikal 95,80% berarti naik 30 poin. Prosentase ketuntasan belajar klasikal meningkat dari kondisi awal dari 37,10% menjadi 65,40% telah siklus I, dan menjadi 95,80% setelah siklus II jadi kondisi ini sudah mencapai indikator keberhasilan penelitian yang sudah ditetapkan yaitu 75,00% siswa telah tuntas belajar.
Pengaruh Terapi Dzikir Terhadap Kadar Glukosa Darah Pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2
Authors: Arsad Sitti Fatimah M. , Rochmawati Erna , Arianti Arianti
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease with metabolic disorders in the form of increased blood glucose levels caused by disruption of insulin secretion or insulin efficacy. Management of diabetes can be done by pharmacology or nonphamacology therapy. One of the nonpharmacological therapies is dhikr therapy. The study design used quasy experiment with the control group pre-post test design. The collected samples are 40 diabetes patients with simple random technique. The research sample was divided into 2 groups,control and intervention group, each of which was 20 respondents. Data analysis uses independent t-test. The results showed that dzikir therapy of sentences thayibah, asmaul husna and prayers performed every day for 2 weeks could significantly reduce patients blood glucose levels (p = 0.000) or p <0.05.

Key Words : Dhikr Therapy, Blood Glucose Level, Type 2 Diabetes Melitus
Tingkat Stres Kerja Perawat Instalasi Gawat Darurat pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Puspitasari Dian Ika , Suprayitno Emdat , Bustami Bustami
Published: October 2021

Stress on nurses working in the emergency room, due to the Covid-19 pandemic which results in a higher risk of exposure, this happens because the nurses in the emergency room still don't know whether a patient is infected with a certain disease or not. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of stress on nurses working in the emergency department. This type of research is quantitative descriptive using a non-analytic cross-sectional design. The population in this study were nurses who worked in the emergency department as many as 22 people with total sampling. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that almost half of them are included in the very severe stress level, namely 8 people (36%),. It is hoped that all nurses, especially in the emergency unit room, will always comply with the Health protocol in preventing the transmission of Covid-19
Reconstruction of Complex Chest Wall Defect with Perforator Based Abdominal Flap - A Case Report
Authors:   Sterling Hospital, Singh Shailendra
Published: October 2021

Reconstruction of chest wall defect is a complex procedure requiring acute understanding of the vascularity of local flaps used for reconstruction of the defect.
Platelet-rich plasma: Its applications in orthodontics – A systematic review
Authors: Narkhede Kanchan Prafulla , Bhad Wasundhara , Chavan Santosh J.
Published: October 2021

Objectives:

The aim of this systematic review was to assess the available literature for the effects of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in orthodontics.

Material and Methods:

This review was conducted according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines (PRISMA). The following databases were searched up to May 2020: Medline (through PubMed), Cochrane, and Google Scholar, and reference lists of the included studies were screened. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and controlled clinical trials using PRP an adjunct with the standard orthodontic procedures including animal and human subjects as participants were included in the study. The quality of the included human RCTs was assessed per the revised Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials (RoB 2.0), whereas the risk of bias of the included animal studies was assessed using SYRCLES’s RoB tool.

Results:

Eight studies, six animal and two human studies, fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Three animal studies and one human RCT reported that PRP increased the rate of tooth movement when used as an adjunct along with orthodontic treatment.

Conclusion:

According to the currently available literature, PRP is an efficient non-invasive method of tooth acceleration, but as most of the studies carried are on animals and cannot be applied to humans indistinctly.
Optimal depth of the computational pipeline for a given amount of input data
Authors: Хусаинов А.А. , Титова Е.А.
Published: October 2021

Рассмотрен вычислительный конвейер, ступени которого могут иметь различные временные задержки, а время обмена с каналами одинаково. При заданной вероятности того, что входной элемент данных вызывает рестарт, построена аналитическая модель для расчета вероятнейшего и среднего значений времени обработки заданного числа входных элементов данных. На основании этой модели показано, что при заданных числе ступеней и тотальной логической задержке конвейер будет иметь максимальную производительность тогда и только тогда, когда задержки ступеней равны между собой. Для конвейера с одинаковыми задержками
ступеней получена поправка известной формулы Доби—Флинна для оптимальной глубины вычислительного конвейера при заданной вероятности рестарта с учетом
числа обрабатываемых элементов. Приведен пример, показывающий, что эта поправка может быть существенной. Показано, что эта формула дает оптимальную глубину на множестве всех конвейеров, включая конвейеры с различными задержками ступеней.

A computational pipeline is considered, the stages of which can have different logic delays, and the overhead clock of the channels is the same. Given the probability that the data element calls a restart, an analytical model is constructed to calculate the most probable and expected times for processing input data elements for a given amount of
input data.
Based on this model, it is shown that for a given number of stages and total logical delay, the pipeline has maximum performance if and only if the delays of the stages are equal to each other. For the pipeline with the same delays of stages, a correction is made for the well-known Duby—Flynn formula for the optimum depth of the computational pipeline with a given probability of restart, taking into account the number of elements being processed. The criterion of optimality can be the minimum most probable data processing time or the minimum value of the mathematical expectation the data processing time. An example is given showing that this correction can be significant.
It is shown that for given restart probability, total logical delay, channel exchange time and data volume, this formula gives the optimum depth on the set of all pipelines, including pipelines with different stage delays.
A method of reducing the number of operations in a fast Fourier transform algorithm
Authors: Альтман Е.А.
Published: October 2021

Рассмотрен способ сокращения числа арифметических операций в алгоритме быстрого преобразования Фурье (БПФ). Способ основан на сокращении числа операций с поворачивающими множителями. Он применим для алгоритмов БПФ по основанию 2, использующих четырехточечные преобразования. Представлен новый алгоритм БПФ с меньшим по сравнению с ранее известными алгоритмами числом операций. Приведена реализация алгоритма на языке Python.

The purpose of this work is studying of methods to reduce the number of calculations which must be performed to calculate the fast Fourier transform (FFT). These methods optimize the well-known FFT algorithms, such as Cooley–Tukey or split-radix. The main idea of these methods is the reduction of operations due to their transfer on the graph of the algorithm through the stages of calculations This method is often used for explanation of split-radix or radix-4 algorithms. In our work, both area and distance of factor transfers are extended for 2 or more stages. Using this idea, we found two methods of cutting down the number of multiplications. In both ways, the transfer is carried out for 4 points through 2 stages of the graph. In the first method, the transfer occurs in the direction of the calculations, in the second — in the opposite direction. In both cases, the methods give a result if at the stage to
which the transfer is carried out, there are non-trivial turning factors. Applying these methods to radix-4 FFT algorithm allows reducing the number of calculations, but don’t make them less than the number of calculations in the splitradix
FFT. The record of minimal arithmetic operation for FFT algorithm was taken in applying these methods to the mixed algorithm consisting of split-radix and radix- 4 stages. This approach saves 8 operations in FFT algorithm for 256 points over the modified split-radix FFT (tangent FFT).
A numerical method for solving the boundary integral equations of the three-dimensional scalar diffraction problem
Authors: Каширин А.А. , Смагин С.И.
Published: October 2021

Описывается метод численного решения трехмерной стационарной задачи дифракции акустических волн на однородном включении. Исходная задача сводится к граничным слабо сингулярным интегральным уравнениям Фредгольма первого рода с одной неизвестной функцией, имеющим дискретный спектр. Эти уравнения решаются численно. Для поиска решения исходной задачи на спектре предложен метод интерполяции решения. Приводятся результаты численных экспериментов.
Exceptions modelling in imperative programs in terms of Petri nets
Authors: Леонтьев Д.В. , Одякова Д.С. , Парахин В. , Харитонов Д.И.
Published: October 2021

Предложен подход к моделированию обработки исключительных ситуаций в императивных программах. Рассмотрены проблематика использования исключительных ситуаций в программах, общий подход к автоматическому построению моделей программ, описан минимальный набор шаблонов семантических конструкций, необходимый для построения моделей императивных программ. В качестве примера описан процесс моделирования небольшой программы и приведена ее результирующая модель в композициональном виде.

The purpose of the article is to propose an approach to the automatic generation of models of imperative programs with exceptions from the source code. Methodology. The approach defines consecutive transformations of the program beginning from the source code to the parsing tree of the program, then to an abstract semantic graph and finally to a compositional model in terms of Petri nets. Transformations are based on a set of formal principles and relations and can be performed without human intervention purely algorithmically. To build a model from the program abstract semantic graph, templates and composition rules are used. Templates describe in terms of Petri net the basic constructions of imperative programming languages: expressions, branching, loops, choice and function call. Findings. A set of templates for modelling the exception handling mechanism is described. This set includes templates for the try and catch blocks describing the processing of the exception in local places of the program, the throw operator to signal the exception, and the operator of the function call with exceptions. Оriginality/value. The article demonstrates that the proposed set of templates allows building a complete model of the program with exceptions, consisting of several functions. The resulting program model makes it possible to analyze the program behavior by standard for Petri nets formal methods. In particular, a possibility of an abnormal termination due to an exceptional situation can be validated and where each particular exception is handled as well as what exceptions are handled in a particular catch block.
On the modelling of turbulent flow over low-angle sand dunes
Authors: Потапов И.И. , Снигур К.С. , Цой Г.И.
Published: October 2021

Предложена математическая модель задачи о движении двумерного турбулентного потока жидкости в напорном канале с волнистым дном. Математическая модель включает уравнения Рейнольдса, уравнения переноса кинетической энергии и диссипации турбулентности, приведенные к квазигидродинамическому виду. Предложен алгоритм решения задачи с помощью метода контрольных объемов и метода конечных элементов. Численно решена задача о движении турбулентного потока над неподвижными пологими песчаными дюнами. Выполнено сравнение полученных расчетов с экспериментальными данными.

Purpose. The aim of the paper is the development of mathematical models describing a turbulent river flow along gently sloping dunes and allowing estimation of the contribution of gently sloping dunes on the flow hydraulic resistance. Methodology. A quasi-hydrodynamic form of the classical RANS equations are used for describing the hydrodynamic flow. The standard k model is used for the turbulence viscosity while the equations have been transformed to the quasi-hydrodynamic form. A wall functions method is used for describing the flow near solid channel wall. Results. A new mathematical model for the problem of turbulent flow in a pressure channel with low-angle dunes is proposed. An algorithm for solving the problem is proposed. It is based on the control volume method and the finite element method. The problem of the turbulent flow over 6 fixed low-angle sand dunes is solved numerically. Numerical solutions are obtained with four different wall functions. A comparative analysis of the obtained solutions with the experimental data is carried out. Findings. It is shown that the proposed mathematical model describes the turbulent flow over low-angle dunes qualitatively and quantitatively. The solution obtained with the Volkov wall function provides the best agreement with the experiment. It is found out that the bed shear stress obtained in the near-wall computational cell by the wall functions method does not qualitatively agree with the experimental data for all considered wall functions. At the same time, the shear stress obtained in the next calculation cell agrees with the experimental data qualitatively and quantitatively. The average relative error of the shear stress obtained with the Volkov wall function is 6.84.
Rational approximation in initial boundary problems with the fronts
Authors: Идимешев С.В.
Published: October 2021

Предложен спектральный метод на основе дробно-рациональной аппроксимации. На примере решений уравнения Бюргерса с особенностями в виде фронтов показано, что дробно-рациональное приближение решений имеет существенные преимущества перед полиномиальным. Для эффективной реализации дробно- рациональной аппроксимации в работе использована барицентрическая интерполяционная формула Лагранжа, обеспечивающая быстроту вычислений и численную устойчивость. Для адаптации узлов интерполяции использован метод, основанный на аппроксимации положения особенности аналитического продолжения решения в комплексной плоскость. Предложено обобщение метода на случай нескольких особенностей. Описано построение спектрального метода и проведены расчеты на модельных задачах, в т. ч. с двумя фронтами.

A spectral method with adaptive rational approximation is proposed. In traditional spectral polynomial interpolation, the interpolation points are fixed, usually at the roots or extrema of orthogonal polynomials. Free selection of interpolation points is impossible due to the effect described in the Runge example. The key feature of rational interpolation is the free distribution of interpolation nodes without the occurrence of the Runge phenomenon. Nevertheless, in practice it is very important to implement rational approximation effectively. Here rational approximation is implemented using the barycentric Lagrange form. This leads to fast computations and numerical stability comparable with the polynomial interpolation. It is shown that rational interpolation has significant advantages over polynomial on functions that have singularities in the form of fronts. The key idea is that rational interpolation allows adapting interpolation points according to function singularities. An effective method of grid adaptation that accounts for singularity location was used. Method was generalized to the case of several singularities, for example, for solutions with several fronts. For the solutions of the Burgers equation with singularities in the form of fronts, it is shown that rational interpolation has significant advantages over polynomial. The implementation of spectral method is described, and calculations results on model problems, including problems with two fronts, are presented.
Re-Envisioning Hybrid Street
Authors:   , Kang Yeseul
Published: October 2021

The relationship between well-being and vibrant cities is the most important factor to create a liveable city. Most of New Zealand and worldwide other cities have been facing many issues in transportation planning which directly affect to people’s wellbeing and vibrant life.

Nowadays, street design guidelines in many other worldwide cities are focusing on the importance of activeness and liveliness in how we experience streets while still maintaining the conventional street functions with transport accessibility and connectivity. However, there are no specific research that articulate the design strategy to identify ‘Hybrid Street’ which has both functions of street roles and accessible open spaces to encourage public transports which connecting the rich native sub-regional and regional cultures between neighbourhood, city, and region.

Research paper explores a ‘Hybrid Street’ which has both functions of street and transportation hub’s roles with the connections of existing railway network and other public transport infrastructures in Western Bay of Plenty.

Design framework advocates a pedestrian and transit-friendly streetscape connecting the rail lines to encourage street activities on the urban and suburban fabric, and it also supports other types of sustainable transport modes. A hybrid term of street typology articulates a vision and strategic approach with design criteria to advance key objectives.

The research objective has been investigated from a research question of ‘How to avoid the mono-functional logics of street with its public transport connections and how to translate the street to a hybrid space that supports a variety of different types of sustainable transport modes to improve the accessibility between the neighbourhoods, cities, sub-regions and region.

The design objective will be achieved through a systematic research methodology and the investigated hybrid street typology will be applied and tested on nine different streets in Tauranga city business district areas (CBD) where have significantly different spatial characteristics to see how it advances key objectives and achieves the research visions through the design developing stage.
CLINICAL, ECHOGRAPHIC, MORPHOLOGICAL AND IMMUNOLOGICAL CRITERIA FOR EVALUATING A WELL-FOUNDED SCAR ON THE UTERUS AFTER CESAREAN SECTION
Authors:   Samarkand state medical institute of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Kurbaniyazova Venera
Published: October 2021

The results of the conducted studies 102 of the manufacturer testify to the presence of essential clinical and echographic, immunological and morphological features of the "wealthy" or "insolvent" scar on the uterus after the cesarean section. The correlation analysis with the calculation of the Correlation coefficient of Gamma (G) indicates a statistically significant relationship between the average degree between the way of the delivery and the scar thickness (G = 0.55, p = 0.001), strong correlation between the ultrasound data (G = 0.74 , p = 0.002) and antibodies to type I collagen (G = 0.93, p = 0.003). Determining the level of antibodies to the type I collagen is the mostimportant criterion confirming the usefulness of the scar on the uterus.Keywords: cesarean section, uterine scar, pregnancy
SOME CLINICAL ASPECTS AND COMPARATIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF ENTEROPATHOGENIC AND ENTEROINVASIVE ESCHERICHIA COLIINFECTIONIN CHILDREN
Authors:   Tashkent Pediatric Medical Institute of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Buribayeve B.I. , Kasimov I.A. , Xalilova Z.T
Published: October 2021

The clinical course of enteropathogenic (EPEC) and enteroinvasive escherichiosis (EIEC) in children was studied and their comparative characteristics were carried out. We examined 82 sick children with early age Escherichiosis, caused in 28 byenteroinvasive, in 54 with enteropathogenic strains. In children with EPEC, secretory diarrhea was observed, and EIEC —colitis. A more pronounced manifestation of intoxication syndrome was observed in children with EPEC. The manifestations of diarrheal syndrome and electrolyte disturbances, assessed by the degree of dehydration, are more typical for children with EPEC. If in children with EPEC such complications as hypovolemic shock and acute renal failure were encountered, then in children with EIEC in the form of complications of infectious toxic shock, neurotoxicosis and disseminated intravascular coagulation.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF CLINICAL EFFICIENCY OF THE DRUG “BIO-DENT” IN BIOLOGICAL METHODS OF TREATMENT OF PULPITES BY THE METHOD OF INDIRECT COATING
Authors:   Andijan State Medical Institute of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Djuraeva Nigora
Published: October 2021

The article presents the results of using a material based on the mineral trioxide unit “Bio-Dent”for the indirect coating of the pulp. It was found that there were no complaints from the use of domestic Portland cement both in the near term (98.8%) and inthe long term after treatment in comparison with materials based on calcium hydroxide (72.5%). Stabilization of the pulp electroexcitability indicators at the level of 10 mkA was noted with the use of the material based on MTA “Bio-Dent”as a medical liner for indirect pulp covering.Keywords: dental pulp,indirect pulp coating, calcium hydroxide, mineral trioxide aggregate, pulp electroexcitability.
THE ROLE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE FIELD OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT
Authors:   Gulistan state university of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Allayarov Otabek , Yarbaev Hasan
Published: October 2021

The articledescribes thatit is impossible the development of society without the development of science, in this senseour state pay attention to in the field of science in the context of science and social-political reform, spiritual renewalasin all countries of the world. Scientifically and practically defined the role of information technology in the development of science and technology, as well as the creation of effective mechanisms for stimulating research and innovation, the introduction of science and innovation achievements. Moreover, the role and significance of information technology in the development of scientific research in the field of technologywas stated
Assessing Cannabis Use Disorder in Medical Cannabis Patients: Interim Analyses from an Observational, Longitudinal Study
Authors: Sagar Kelly , Dahlgren M. Kathryn , Smith Rosemary , Lambros Ashley , Gruber Staci
Published: October 2021

Background: To date, no studies have directly assessed potential cannabis use disorder (CUD) in medical cannabis (MC) patients pre- vs post-MC treatment. Given that MC patients use cannabis for symptom alleviation rather than intoxication, we hypothesized that MC patients would exhibit few symptoms of CUD after initiating MC treatment. Methods: As part of an ongoing observational, longitudinal study, 54 MC patients completed baseline assessments prior to initiating MC use and returned for at least one follow-up assessment after three, six, and/or twelve months of a self-selected MC treatment regimen; detailed MC treatment information was collected and quantified. All patients completed the Cannabis Use Disorder Identification Test - Revised (CUDIT-R) at each visit. Changes in individual items scores and total scores were assessed over time, and we examined whether total CUDIT-R scores correlated with frequency of MC use, delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD) exposure. Further, Cronbach’s alpha analyses were conducted to provide preliminary data regarding the psychometric properties of the CUDIT-R when used among MC patients. Results: Although total CUDIT-R scores increased relative to baseline, on average, ratings fell below the ‘hazardous use’ threshold at each visit. Analyses of individual items revealed that increases in total scores were primarily attributable to increases in frequency of use and not necessarily other aspects of problematic use. Total CUDIT-R scores were not associated with number of MC uses or CBD exposure, but a significant relationship was detected between increased THC exposure and higher CUDIT-R scores. Importantly however, analyses revealed that the CUDIT-R does not appear to be an appropriate tool for identifying CUD in MC patients. Conclusions: Screening tools specifically designed to assess CUD in MC patients are needed and should distinguish between frequent use and problematic use; exposure to individual cannabinoids must also be considered.
Prolonging the lifetime of existing reinforced concrete infrastructures with thermal sprayed zinc coating anodes
Authors: Gangé P. M. , Duran B. , van Leeuwen M. C. , Prenger F.
Published: October 2021

Metallic zinc coatings protect steel from corrosion by acting first as a barrier coating and more importantly as a sacrificial anode. Zinc will provide galvanic protection to the steel. As such, concrete structures reinforced with plain or black steel showing signs of distress can be galvanically protected with external zinc anodes. Thermal sprayed metallic zinc coatings on the exposed surface of the concrete can be electrically connected to the steel reinforcement and provide corrosion protection to the steel.

Thermal sprayed zinc coatings were successfully tested as anodes in cathodic protection systems for reinforced concrete structures in the United States. Subsequent installations were made on numerous structures, including three historic reinforced concrete bridges in the state of Oregon. The 20-plus-year performance confirms that the service life of reinforced concrete structures can be significantly and economically extended by using metallic zinc anodes to protect the plain steel reinforcement from further corrosion.
Predicting strains in embedded reinforcement based on surface deformation obtained by digital image correlation technique
Authors: Mirzazade Ali , Popescu Cosmin , Blanksvärd Thomas , Täljsten Björn
Published: October 2021

This study is carried out to assess the applicability of using a digital image correlation (DIC) system in structural inspection, leading to deploy innovative instruments for strain/stress estimation along embedded rebars. A semi-empirical equation is proposed to predict the strain in embedded rebars as a function of surface strain in RC members. The proposed equation is validated by monitoring the surface strain in ten concrete tensile members, which are instrumented by strain gauges along the internal steel rebar. One advantage with this proposed model is the possibility to predict the local strain along the rebar, unlike previous models that only monitored average strain on the rebar. The results show the feasibility of strain prediction in embedded reinforcement using surface strain obtained by DIC.
Evaluation of the effect of operational modal analysis algorithms on identified modal parameters of railway bridges
Authors: Salehi Mohammadreza , Demirlioglu Kultigin , Erduran Emrah
Published: October 2021

The accuracy of modal parameters identified by Operational Modal Analysis (OMA) algorithms is of vital importance in vibration-based health monitoring. This paper reports the effects of using different OMA algorithms on identified modal parameters of railway bridges. For this purpose, comparison and application of three different OMA methods including FDD, ARX, SSI-COV are discussed. The vibration measurements are conducted on two railway bridges in Northern Norway for using five triaxial accelerometers. The first bridge is a single-span bridge with the length of 50 m, while the second is a two-span bridge with a total length of 85m. OMA has been conducted on the free vibration responses after passage of different types of trains including light-weight railway vehicles and heavily loaded iron ore trains to evaluate the variation of the identified modal parameters with the chosen algorithm and the vibration source on the OMA results.
An integrated solution for tension monitoring in bridge hangers and stay cable by means of vibration measurement
Authors: Auguste Thierry , Toussaint Patrice , Denoël Vincent , Geuzaine Margaux , Rutten Christophe , Verstraelen Edouard
Published: October 2021

The determination of tension in bridge cables by means of vibration measurements has been used by the Direction of civil engineering expertise for decades to monitor the bridges managed by the Walloon Region (SPW). Over time, it has appeared that the traditional methodology, based on sparse on-site measurement and the taut string theory, suffers from certain limitations: the two most important are the delay between measurements (at best once a year) and the difficulties in solving the equation linking the vibration response to the tension in the stay, in the case of short or geometrically complex cable.

An agreement was concluded between the SPW, the University of Liège and V2i, a company specialised in vibrations, to develop a solution including a software allowing the tension determination in any kind of bridge cable and the hardware to monitor the cable tension remotely for a long time.
Design and construction of a three-span continuous box girder model
Authors: Wang Ao , Jian Xudong , Xia Ye , Wang Yafei , Jing Guoqiang , Sun Limin
Published: October 2021

Scale model experiments have been widely used in short- and medium-span bridge research, including B- WIM technology and vehicle-bridge interaction mechanisms and applications. A high simulative scale model can be used to verify the relevant theories and technologies effectively. In this paper, a 1:20 scale model has been set up according to a 3×20m three-span continuous box girder bridge prototype. The physical quantities of the scale model have been derived by similitude law to guide the model design. Appropriate materials, such as PMMA and lead blocks, have been adopted to form the basic structure, whose arrangements are detailed. Finite element analysis (FEA) is applied to calculate and compare the static and dynamic characteristics between real bridge and model structure. One experiment case of a B-WIM test integrating influence surface and computer vision has been carried out to illustrate the model's validity. The constructed model can be a useful platform for future researches and provide a reference for practitioners.
Numerical evaluation of horizontal cracking potential in continuously reinforced concrete pavement under varying saw-cut depths
Authors: Kashif Muhammad , Outtier Amelie , Wisal Khattak Muhammad , De Winne Pieter , De Backer Hans
Published: October 2021

The objective of this study is to evaluate the horizontal cracking potential in terms of vertical tensile stress development near longitudinal steel bar in the continuously reinforced concrete pavement (CRCP). For this purpose, a three-dimensional (3D) finite element (FE) model of the CRCP segment with partial surface saw-cuts has been developed using the FE tool Diana 10.3. The early-age behaviour of CRCP subjected to external varying temperature field condition has been evaluated by using the staggered structural-flow analysis. The characteristics of the early-age crack pattern in terms of crack initiation and crack propagation obtained from the FE model are compared with the field observations of cracking developments on the CRCP sections in Belgium. The FE results indicate that the vertical tensile stress in concrete near the longitudinal steel bar develops at the transverse crack interface. It translates that the horizontal crack perpendicular to the vertical concrete stress can initiate from the transverse crack depending on the magnitude of stress against developing concrete tensile strength. It has also been observed that the deeper the saw-cut, the larger the magnitude of vertical tensile stress and the higher incident of horizontal cracking. Moreover, the developed 3D FE model can be further used to optimize the early-age behaviour of CRCP in advance of costly field trials.
Application of mobile devices for the rapid assessment of masonry arch bridges – worked example and benchmarking
Authors: Haslbeck Matthias , Hertle Thomas , Braml Thomas
Published: October 2021

Reassessment of masonry arches necessitates feasible methods for analysing the static behaviour of the persisting structure and an applicable way how to calculate the remaining load bearing capacity. Especially when a quick assessment of a structure is necessary, easily measurable characteristics, such as geometric properties have to be used. In this paper, the existing Application BRASSCO-NG is extended for masonry arch bridges by implementing the methodology described in paper [16] of this conference proceedings. Embedded into a worked example, the application of the tool is explained in detail from the first reconnaissance to the interpretation of the results. A subsequent benchmark evaluation to the static calculation and the empirical MEXE methodology compares the outcome to the techniques currently used in military and civil engineering. Even though the tool is mainly aimed for military application, the basic structure can easily be adopted for civil use, e.g. the rapid assessment of a structure after a natural disaster.
Study on after-slip strength of high-strength bolted frictional joints with a filler plate
Authors: Fujiwara Masaki , Yamaguchi Takashi , Kozai Senju
Published: October 2021

According to the new Japanese Specifications for Highway Bridges, after-slip behavior should be verified in high-strength bolted frictional joints. Previous studies have investigated slip behavior with a filler plate. They have proposed the reduction factor of slip resistance. On the other hand, the ultimate strength of such a joint with a filler plate is not clear, and its design strength considering after-slip behavior is not also specified. In this study, for high-strength bolted frictional joints with various filler plate thicknesses, tensile tests and FEA were carried out. From obtained results, it was revealed that a filler plate did not resist load in bearing, and the number of bolt shear failure surfaces was decreased to one from two by a filler plate. It is also found that bolt shear strength decreased below the designed value as filler plate thickness is increased. The authors also proposed the simple design model for bolt shear strength in the frictional joints with a filler plate.
Bridge management systems: overview and framework for smart management
Authors: de Freitas Bello Vanessa Saback , Popescu Cosmin , Blanksvärd Thomas , Täljsten Björn
Published: October 2021

Throughout the world, many medieval and historic bridges remain in operation. Deterioration and failures have increased in the already aging bridges due to consistent growth in traffic volume and axle loads. Therefore, the importance of Bridge Management Systems (BMS) to ensure safety of operation and maximize maintenance investments has also increased. Recent improvements in technology also contribute to the demand for optimized and more resource-efficient BMS. In this study, a literature review was performed to map current bridge management practices and systems in operation in the world. The outcomes identified Bridge Information Modelling (BrIM) and Digital Twins as novel approaches that enable efficient management of the whole lifecycle of a bridge. From these outcomes, a framework of an ideal BMS is proposed to achieve automated and smart management of bridges.
Traffic loads for the assessment of existing bridges
Authors: Boros Vazul , Lenner Roman , O'Connor Alan , Orcesi Andre , Schmidt Franziska , van der Spuy Pierre , Sýkora Miroslav
Published: October 2021

IABSE TG 1.3 aims to identify appropriate approaches for applications of the partial factor format in assessment of existing bridges. A sub-group was formed to investigate and provide recommendations on updating road traffic loads. Commonly, these are assessed by complex numerical simulations. While this study does not provide a universal solution, it demonstrates by a case study a simple and reasonably conservative way of using simulations to update traffic load effects, meanwhile continuously highlighting the objectives, potential alternatives or pitfalls of simulations. The results indicate that, for the short, single span bridge under consideration, the characteristic values given in Eurocodes provide conservative estimates. The probabilistic model for traffic loading obtained by bridge- and route-specific simulations will yield substantially more favourable reliability levels in comparison to the general model in fib Bulletin 80.