bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MASJID SEBAGAI PUSAT PENDIDIKAN ISLAM PADA MASA KERAJAAN SAMPAI MASA ORDE LAMA DI BONE, SULAWESI SELATAN
Authors: Ridhwan Ridhwan , Nurdin Abidin , Wardhana Wardhana
Published: April 2021

Mosques as educational centers are not only found in the Middle East, but also in the Malay world this reality occurs as in Aceh, Demak, Banten and Bone. During the Kingdom of Bone until the Old Order period the mosque became the center of Islamic education in the form of recitation of the Qur'an and the Yellow Book which examined Islamic sciences such as Fiqh, Hadith, Tafsir, Akhlak, Sufism and Arabic. Kadi and Imam Masjid were the main actors who carried out the teaching spread in the Watampone region as the capital city of the Kingdom. Then it developed into other regions such as Macege, Cabalu, Palakka, Awangpone, Pattiro, Barebbo, and Cenrana. Especially in Watampone, the study was held at the Kingdom Bone Mosque, the Al-Mujahidin Mosque which was the center of Islamic education fostered by the Kadi Bone and at the Masjid Watampone Mosque which was fostered by the Imam Masjid Raya. Recitations in the Palili region of the Kingdom of Bone are generally fostered by Kadi who are both Imam and Katte (Khatib) in their respective regions. The teaching system is the same as the teaching system that generally applies in the archipelago at that time, namely the wetonan/bandongan and sorogan methods. In the Bugis tradition the Bone system is referred to as the tudang mangaji.
ENAM METODE POLA ASUH ORANG TUA UNTUK PENINGKATAN SOCIAL SKILLS
Authors: Atika Aisyah Nur
Published: April 2021

Setiap anak membutuhkan pendidikan untuk peningkatan  peranya di lingkungan  masyarakat. Melalui proses pendidikan formal, nonformal, dan/atau informal pendidikan anak  telah diselenggarakan untuk peningkatan kualitas keterampilannya, mengingat besarnya dan pentingnya proses pendidikan pola asuh anak tersebut maka tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui besarnya pengaruh pola asuh orang tua terhadap social skills anak. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kabupaten Malang. Proses menetapkan sampel menggunakan  metode Nomograf Harry King. Jumlah sampel adalah 157, analisis menggunakan program Statistical Program Social Sciences (SPSS). Hasil penelitian ditemukan enam pola asuh orang tua untuk meningkatkan social skills yaitu menerima pendapat anak ketika melakukan Communication, Menanyakan kesalahan anak tanpa memarahi, Memberikan nasehat ketika anak berbuat salah, Memberi pujian pada anak jika melakukan tindakan yang positif, Memberi hadiah ketika anak pintar di sekolah, Memfasilitasi hobi yang disukai anak. Interpretasi analisisnya terjadi pengaruh asuhan orang tua kepada social skills anak pada usia dini. Dengan kata lain semakin tinggi kualitas social skills anak usia dini dipengaruhi oleh kualitas dan kuantitas pola asuh orang tua.  Hasil pengujian statistik  menunjukkan bahwa terjadi pengaruh yang signifikan antara pola asuh orang tua terhadap peningkatan social skills  anak, formulasinya sebagai berikut  Social skills = 1.2 + 0,712 Pola Asuh,  yang bermakna apabila terjadi peningkatan  kualitas asuahan  orang tua, maka kualitas social skills  akan bertambah menjadi  71.2%.
METODE THINK PAIR SHARE UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN MENGINGAT DALAM PELAJARAN BIOLOGI DI SEKOLAH LENTERA HARAPAN GUNUNG AGUNG LAMPUNG
Authors: Siringo Ringo Febriyanti , Elfani Bermuli Jessica Elfani Bermuli
Published: April 2021

Understanding concepts is very important in learning. Remembering level is the first step of primary skill to be mastered that will enable students to understand a concept. The reality that the researcher found in grade IX Sekolah Lentera Harapan (SLH) Gunung Agung Lampung is not relevant to the concept. The students there have not reached the optimal remembering stage. Therefore, this research aims to find out the Think Pair Share (TPS) method is able to increase the students' remembering cognitive ability and to apply the TPS method to increase the students' remembering cognitive ability. The research method used is Pelton's Classroom Research model. The instruments used in data collection are tests, lesson plans, mentor's feedback, and journal reflection. The result reached were as follows: in the application of action 47%, in repetition I 63%, and in repetition II 95%. The systematic steps of application for the TPS method were: 1) thinking, 2) pairing, and 3) sharing. Research findings showed that the application of the TPS method is able to increase the students' remembering cognitive ability.
KEMAMPUAN GURU IPA DALAM MENUMBUHKAN NILAI KARAKTER SISWA PADA MTSN DI ACEH
Authors: Oviana Wati Oviana , Oviana Wati
Published: April 2021

One of the National education goals leads to the development of a student’s character value. Unfortunately, almost all educational processes at schools emphasize on improving cognitive aspects. This has slowed the student’s character value development. This research provides an illustration of science teachers in nurturing the character values of MTsN students in Aceh. The study adopted a descriptive method with a quantitative approach. The data were collected through analysis of lesson plan documents, classroom observations, and interviews. The result of the study indicated that the teachers showed high competence in nurturing students’ personality aspects at the lesson planning state in which all of the teachers were intelligent to include five-character values that need to be developed. However, not all teachers were competent in activating all character values during the classroom teaching and learning process. All teachers who were observed in all aspects of the investigation had successfully activated religious value, nationalism, and independence. On the other hand, the value of communal work and integrity were stimulated by only some of the teachers.
Can survival in cancer patients be accurately predicted with the Palliative Performance Scale?
Authors: ARAS Gülfidan , SEÇİK ARKIN Funda , DOĞU Elif
Published: April 2021

Introduction: Palliative Performance Scale (PPS), Karnofsky Performance Scale (KPS) and the Edmonton Symptom Assessment Scale (ESAS) are widely used prognostic scales in palliative care unit. Institutionalized palliative care services in our country are quite new compared to the practices in many countries. We do not have concrete data on the compatibility of these scales, which are developed with patient data from other countries, in our own palliative care practices with real cases. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the convenience of the Turkish versions of these scales on the first days of hospitalization of terminal cancer patients who were followed up in the palliative clinic of our hospital. We also questioned whether the initial estimated survival and actual survival were compatible. Methods: PPS, KPS and ESAS on the first days of hospitalization of terminal cancer patients, hospitalized in the palliative clinic of our hospital between November 14, 2016 and November 14, 2017, were retrospectively evaluated one year later (n = 222). The survivors and those who lost their lives were determined. The survival estimates with PPS of the patients who died were compared with their actual survival.Results: The average age of 222 patients (18% female, 82% male) participating in the study was 64.49 ± 11.62, and the range was 26-91. PPS, KPS, ESAS were determined as a mean value of 34.40±18.00 (min. 10-max. 90), 32.90±17.50 (min. 10-max. 90), 56.10±15.65 (min. 2-max. 90), respectively. The AUC of PPS is 0.83 (p<0.001) and the AUC of KPS is 0.78 (p<0.001) suggesting that KPS and PPS has at least one tie between alive and dead patients, which is 45%. Median survival time was found 14.00, 95% C.I. [10.87–17.13]. Conclusion: In our study, it was found that as the KPS and PPS scores decrease, the survival time of terminal cancer patients decrease. Patients with PPS <45% had a higher risk of death (sensitivity 71%, specificity 80%), patients with KPS <45% had a higher risk of death (sensitivity 60%, specificity 81%), and patients with ESAS> 60.50 had a higher risk of death (sensitivity 93%, specificity 45%). PPS is a useful assessment scale for predicting survival of terminal cancer patients in the palliative care unit. We think it is important in determining our patient-specific palliative approach and treatments.
Subjectivities of Russian Traders at the Border with China
Authors: Humphrey Caroline
Published: April 2021

This paper draws attention to a relatively understudied aspect of cross-border trade: the relation between the subjectivities of traders and the geo-political situation they find themselves in. Among Russian traders at the border with China, discourses on comparative civilisation, memories of mid-twentieth century Soviet dominance and ambivalent appreciation of China’s present riches are integral to everyday practices. It is argued that a theoretical concept of melancholia is helpful to understand the traders’ self-reflective and diverse reactions. At this highly securitised border, in the absence of deep social relations with Chinese partners, the goods purchased, consumed and traded appear as vivid alternative foci for emotions. The article suggests that an anthropological approach to qualia (experiential feelings aroused by material objects) provide a useful heuristic for discussion in this situation.
Study of Wound Healing Activity and Skin Irritation of Chili Leaves (Capsicum frutescens L.) Gel in Rats (Rattus novergicus)
Authors: Lebang Julianri Sari , Siampa Jainer Pasca , Nurmiati Nurmiati
Published: April 2021

Chili pepper leaves have been used empirically as wound healing caused by sharp objects. Several studies show its antibacterial and wound healing activity. This study aims to make gel from chili leaves extract, then to determine its wound healing activity and its irritating properties on rat’s skin. Gel was made using variations type and concentration of gelling agent, consist of carbopol 0.5%, 0.75%, 1% and hydroxypropylmetlcellulose at 2.5%, 5% and 7.5% respectively. Cycling test then conducts to determined its physical stability. Gel that physically stable then evaluated its activity as a wound healer and skin irritation test. Results showed that all formula has no altered on organoleptic properties and pH value. Gel that made from 0.5% carbopol (F2) and 7.5% of HMPC (F5) has no change in spreadability and adhesion properties. Based on statistically analysis using paired t-test and one-way ANOVA, it concludes that F2 and F5 physically stable and could follow wound healer evaluation. Wound healer evaluation show that healing time (days) of  carbopol base gel (F2) is 10.2±1.26, HPMC based gel is 8±0.82. Length of incision wound (cm) at the 8th day are 0.5±0.183 for F2 and 0.06±0.071 for F5. Statistically analysis of healing time (p<0.01) and wound length (p<0.05) show that F5 that contain 5% HPMC has significantly different compare to negative control. The results of the irritation test showed that gel formulas not caused erythema and edema on rat’s skin. It can be concluded that gel of chili pepper leave extract that made with 5% of HPMC has wound healing activity and safety to use.
Liquidity risk: Intraday liquidity and price spillovers in euro area sovereign bond markets
Authors: Jurkšas Linas , Teresienė Deimantė , Kanapickiene Rasa
Published: April 2021

The purpose of this paper is to determine the cross-market liquidity and price spillover effects across euro area sovereign bond markets. The analysis is carried out with the constructed minute frequency order-book dataset from 2011 until 2018. This derived dataset covers the six largest euro area markets for benchmark 10-year sovereign bonds. To estimate the cross-market spillover effect between sovereign bonds, it was decided to use the empirical approach proposed by Diebold and Yilmaz (2012) and combine it with the vector error correction model (VECM). We also employed the panel regression model to identify why some bond markets had a higher spillover effect while others were smaller. The dependent variable was the daily average spillover effect of a particular bond. As the spillover effects vary highly across different bonds, country-specific fixed effects were used, and the clustered standard errors were calculated for robustness reasons. Lastly, the cross-market spillovers were analyzed daily to compare them with the results of the model with intraday data. The analysis was performed with rolling 100-day window variance decompositions and a 10-day forecast horizon for six sovereign bonds and the overnight indexed swap (OIS) market. The results of the created time-series model revealed that intraday cross-market spillovers exist but are relatively weak, especially in the case of liquidity spillovers. As the cross-market linkages became much more robust with the model using daily data, the liquidity or price disbalances between different markets are usually corrected on longer intervals than minutes. Distance between countries is the most important explanatory variable and is negatively linked to the magnitude of both liquidity and price spillovers. These findings should be of particular interest to bond market investors, risk managers, and analysts who try to scrutinize the liquidity and price transmission mechanism of sovereign bonds in their portfolios.
Retrospective analysis of massive epistaxis and pseudoaneurysms in nasopharyngeal carcinoma after radiotherapy
Authors: Zeng Liang
Published: April 2021

Objectives This article focuses on massive epistaxis and pseudoaneurysm
in patients with NPC after radiotherapy and discusses clinically
relevant treatment strategies. Design Retrospective the medical data of
NPC patients with massive epistaxis after radiotherapy and review the
English literature over the past 10 years. Setting Otorhinolaryngology
department in the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University.
Participants 21 patients with massive epistaxis after radiotherapy for
NPC. Main outcome measures Characteristics and related causes of massive
epistaxis or pseudoaneurysms were analyzed in terms of the clinical
stage of NPC, course of radiotherapy, and affected artery. An analysis
was performed on the methods of endovascular interventional treatment of
such pseudoaneurysms. Results 19 cases were accompanied with bone
destruction of the skull base; 13 cases were found tumor recurrence; 15
cases were in stage III or IV of NPC; 14 cases were combined with
pseudoaneurysms. Analysis with the imaging of pseudoaneurysms, we found
that the petrous ICA was the most predilection site. There were 11 out
of 14 pseudoaneurysms had sentinel hemorrhage in the initial phase. All
14 pseudoaneurysm patients were underwent endovascular interventional
therapy, but one died from hemorrhagic shock during the procedure. There
were no rebleeding again among other patients. Conclusions
Pseudoaneurysm could cause massive epistaxis with high mortality. The
formation of a pseudoaneurysm was closely associated with a high
carcinoma stage, re-radiotherapy, and local bone destruction and
infection. Most cases had sentinel epistaxis. The imaging material
prompted that pseudoaneurysm had a predisposition to the petrous part of
the ICA, while the preferred therapy was endovascular embolization
treatment. Key poits 1.Patients with massive epistaxis mean a single
nasal bleeding volume exceeded 100 ml, or cumulative bleeding volume was
more than 300 ml. 2.Patients who presented with active oronasal bleeding
should be rapidly managed by nasal packing. 3.When there is hemorrhagic
shock, patients should undergo endotracheal intubation and blood
transfusion before being transferred to the otorhinolaryngology
department. 4.CTA and DSA are recommended for patients with massive
epistaxis associated with NPC after radiotherapy. 5.Interventional
embolization is recommended to patients with pseudoaneurysm.
Hypersensitivity Reactions To Chemotherapy: an EAACI Position Paper
Authors: Pagani Mauro , Bavbek Sevim , Alvarez-Cuesta Emilio , Bonadonna patrizia , Cernadas Josefina , Chiriac Anca , Dursun Adile Berna , Hamadi Sahar , Madrigal-Burgaleta Ricardo , Sanchez-Sanchez Soledad , Castells Mariana
Published: April 2021

Chemotherapeutic drugs have been widely used in the treatment of cancer
disease for about 70 years and, even with the development of new
therapies, they are still prescribed by oncologists, alone or in
combination with other antineoplastic agents. All chemotherapies are
able to provoke hypersensitivity reactions, even with different
incidences, depending on the different class of these drugs, and these
reactions are the third leading cause of fatal drug-induced anaphylaxis
in the United States. In Europe deaths related to chemotherapy have also
been reported. In particular, most reactions are provoked by platinum
compounds, taxanes, epipodophyllotoxins and asparaginase. However,
currently there are different points of view about the best procedures
for the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of these reactions. Thus,
the European Network on Drug Allergy and Drug Allergy Interest Group of
the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology organized a task
force to provide data and recommendations regarding the allergological
work up in this field of drug hypersensitivity reactions. The aims of
this position paper were to provide consensus on the investigation of
HSRs to chemotherapeutic drugs and to give practical suggestions for
clinicians that treat these patients, such as oncologists,
allergologists and internists. Key sections cover: risk factors,
pathogenesis, symptoms, role of skin tests, in vitro tests, indications
and contraindications of drug provocation tests and desensitization of
neoplastic patients with allergic reactions to chemotherapeutic drugs.
Statements, recommendations and unmet needs were discussed and proposed
at the end of each section.
Differential effects of intra-VTA ghrelin and glucagon-like peptide-1 on the stimulatory action of amphetamine and cocaine-induced alcohol intake
Authors: Colvin Kayla , Killen Henry , Kanter Maxwell , Halperin Maximilian , Engel Liv , Dickinson Matthew , Fimmel Anna , Holland James , Currie Paul
Published: April 2021

In order to further elucidate the role of mesolimbic peptides in the
expression of alcohol reward, the present study investigated the effects
of ghrelin and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) on alcohol intake, in
addition to alcohol intake stimulated by systemic d-amphetamine or
cocaine treatment. All rats were initially habituated to a 6% alcohol
solution. We then demonstrated that intraperitoneal injections of
d-amphetamine and cocaine increased alcohol compared to the vehicle
condition. In subsequent testing we examined the effects of ventral
tegmental area (VTA) ghrelin or vehicle paired with a fixed dose of
d-amphetamine or vehicle. In separate rats we then investigated the
impact of the GLP-1 agonist exendin-4 (Ex-4), injected into the VTA, on
alcohol intake alone, or when Ex-4 was co-administered with
d-amphetamine or cocaine. Our results indicated that VTA ghrelin
significantly increased alcohol intake, and most importantly,
potentiated the effect of d-amphetamine and cocaine on alcohol
consumption. Conversely, VTA Ex-4 inhibited alcohol intake and
antagonized the stimulatory effect of d-amphetamine and cocaine on
alcohol consumption. In a final study we further demonstrated that VTA
Ex-4 treatment significantly inhibited the combined stimulatory effects
of ghrelin paired with d-amphetamine or ghrelin paired with cocaine.
Overall our findings are consistent with a critical role for both
ghrelin and GLP-1 receptor mechanisms in mesolimbic alcohol reward
circuitry. Moreover, our results further suggest that ghrelin and GLP-1
modulate the stimulatory effect of psychostimulants on alcohol intake.
Structure-sequence features based prediction of phosphosites of Serine/Threonine Protein Kinases of Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Authors: Nilkanth Vipul , Mande Shekhar
Published: April 2021

Elucidation of signalling events in a pathogen is potentially important
to tackle the infection caused by it. Such events mediated by protein
phosphorylation play important roles in infection and therefore to
predict the phosphosites and substrates of the serine/threonine protein
kinases, we have developed a Machine learning based approach and
predicted the phosphosites for Mycobacterium tuberculosis
serine/threonine protein kinases using kinase-peptide structure-sequence
data. This approach utilizes features derived from kinase 3D-structure
environment and known phosphosite sequences to generate Support Vector
Machine based kinase specific predictions of phosphosites making it
suitable for prediction of phosphosites of STPKs with no or scarce data
of their phosphosites. Support vector machine outperformed the four
machine learning algorithms we tried (random forest, logistic
regression, support vector machine and k-nearest neighbours) with aucROC
value of 0.88 on the independent testing dataset and a ten-fold cross
validation accuracy of ~81.6% for the final model. Our
predicted phosphosites of M. tuberculosis STPKs form an useful resource
for experimental biologists enabling elucidation of STPK mediated
post-translational regulation of important cellular processes. The
training features file and model files, together with usage instructions
file, are available at: https://github.com/vipulbiocoder/Mtb-KSPP
The Effect of Chest Computed Tomography Findings on QT Interval in Patients with COVID 19 Using Drugs That May Prolong QT Interval
Authors: Özyurtlu Ferhat , Cetin Nurullah , Yavuz Veysel
Published: April 2021

Background Some drugs used in the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019
(COVID-19) are likely to increase the risk of QT interval prolongation
and related arrhythmias or death. Due to the low sensitivity of the
reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test, chest
computed tomography (CT) imaging is being used for COVID-19 diagnostic
correlation and to evaluate whether there is pneumonic involvement in
the lung. Objective In this study, we aimed to compare whether there was
a difference in terms of QT interval prolongation and effect on heart
rate in COVID-19 patients based on their chest CT findings and drug
treatment regimes. Methods This was a single-center retrospective cohort
study of non-intensive care unit (ICU) patients hospitalized . A total
of 344 patients with a mean age of 46.34 ± 17.68 years were included in
the study (56.1% men). Patients were divided into four groups according
to their chest CT results as having typical, atypical, indeterminate, or
no finding of pneumonic involvement. Mean QTc intervals and heart rates
calculated from electrocardiograms at admission and after treatment were
compared. Results There were no significant differences between groups
with regards to age, gender, and body mass index (BMI). There were also
no significant differences between the groups in terms of mean QTc
interval values upon admission (p:0.127) or after treatment (p:0.205).
Heart rate values were similar among the groups as well, with no
significant differences in mean heart rate on admission (p:0.648) and
post-treatment (p:0.229) ECGs. Conclusion This study has demonstrated
finding of COVID-19 infection based on chest CT does not affect QT
interval prolongation and bradycardia in non-ICU COVID-19 patients.
There is a need for additional larger studies investigating the effect
of chest CT findings on QT interval prolongation and bradycardia in
COVID-19 patients.
Exhaled 15-HETE and thromboxin-B2 are associated with the therapeutic outcome in childhood asthma
Authors: Chen Li-Chen , Tseng Hsu-Min , Kuo Ming-Ling , Chiu Chih-Yung , Liao Sui-Ling , Su Kuan-Wen , Tsai Ming-Han , Hua Man Chin , Lai Shen-Hao , Yao Tsung-Chieh , Yeh Kuo-Wei , Wu Ai-Hsuan , Yu Hsiu-Yueh , Huang Jing-Long , Huang Shau-Ku
Published: April 2021

Background: Dysregulation of eicosanoids is associated with asthma and a
composite of oxylipins, including exhaled LTB4, characterizes childhood
asthma. While FeNO has been used as the standard for monitoring steroid
responsiveness, the potential utility of eicosanoids in monitoring the
therapeutic outcomes remains unclear. We aimed to examine the levels of
major eicosanoids representing different metabolic pathways in exhaled
breath condensates (EBCs) of children with asthma during exacerbation
and after treatment. Methods: Levels of 6 exhaled eicosanoid species in
asthmatic children and healthy subjects were evaluated using ELISA.
Results: In addition to those previously reported, including LTB4, the
levels of exhaled 15-HETE, but not TXB2, showed significant difference
between asthmatics (N=318) and healthy controls (N=97), particularly the
severe group showed the lowest levels of exhaled 15-HETE. Receiver
Operating Characteristic (ROC) analyses revealed similar distinguishing
power for the levels of 15-HETE, FEV1 and FeNO, whilethe 15-HETE/LTB4
ratio was significantly lower in subjects with severe asthma
(p<0.01). Analysis of asthmatics (N=75) during exacerbation
and convalescence showed significant improvement in lung function (FEV1;
p<0.001), but not FeNO, concomitant with significantly
increased levels of 15-HETE (p<0.001) and reduced levels of
TXB2 (p<0.05) after therapy, particularly for those who at the
top 30% level during exacerbation. Further, decreased LTB4 and LXA4 at
convalescence were noted only in those at the top 30 percentile during
exacerbation. Conclusion: The exhaled 15-HETE was found to discriminate
childhood asthma while decreased levels of exhaled TXB2 and increased
levels of 15-HETE were prominent after treatment.
Usefulness of E7 mRNA in HPV16-positive women to predict the risk of progression to HSIL/CIN2+
Authors: Marti Cristina , Marimon Lorena , Glickman Ariel , Henere Carla , Saco Adela , Rakislova Natalia , Torné Aureli , Ordi Jaume , Pino Marta del
Published: April 2021

Objective: To evaluate whether E7 mRNA can predict the risk of
progression in women with HPV16 infection. Design: prospective
observational study Setting: Tertiary university hospital Population: A
cohort of 139 women referred to colposcopy for an abnormal screening
result fulfilling the following inclusion criteria: 1) a positive test
result confirming HPV16 infection; 2) a biopsy sample with a
histological diagnosis of absence of lesion or low-grade SIL/CIN grade1
(LSIL/CIN1); 3) no previous HPV vaccination; 4) no pregnancy; and 5) no
previous cervical treatments; and 6) no immunosuppression. Methods: At
the first visit all women underwent a cervical sample for liquid-based
cytology, HPV testing and genotyping, and HPV16 E7 mRNA analysis and a
colposcopy with at least one colposcopy-guided biopsy. Follow-up visits
were scheduled every six months. In each control a liquid-based Pap
smear, HPV testing, as well as a colposcopy examination with biopsy if
necessary were performed. Main outocome measures: Histological diagnosis
of HSIL/CIN2+ at any time during follow-up Results: E7 mRNA expression
was positive in 55/127 (43.3%) women included in the study and seven
(12.7%) progressed to HSIL/CIN2+. In contrast, only 1/72 (1.4%) women
with no HPV16 E7 mRNA expression progressed (p=0.027). HPV16 E7 mRNA
expression was associated with a 10-fold increased risk of progression
(HR 10.0; 95%CI 1.2-81.4). Conclusions: HPV16 E7 mRNA could be useful
for risk stratification of women with HPV16 infection in whom a
HSIL/CIN2+ has been ruled out.
A trajetória política e histórico-normativa do ensino técnico da área de agropecuária no estado de São Paulo: a história política de transição por decretos (de 1882 a 2001)
Authors: Silva Marta Leandro da , Marques Waldemar
Published: April 2021

Este artigo apresenta a trajetória histórica do ensino técnico agrícola no Estado de São Paulo, de 1882 a 2001, com destaque para os aspectos normativos e políticos de transição de órgãos gestores e ruptura na construção e consolidação de um projeto pedagógico-curricular desta área do ensino técnico e de políticas institucionais dessas escolas técnicas. Focaliza, assim, as importantes mudanças de caráter político-normativas e pedagógico-organizacionais que delinearam a construção da sua especificidade.Isto porque é necessário conhecer a história do ensino técnico ‘agrícola’ (área agropecuária) a fim de subsidiar a análise de sua configuração atual e divisar novas perspectivas para sua gestão.O ensino agrícola paulista foi alvo de constantes indefinições políticas quanto aos seus princípios e fins.As várias transferências e realocações a que foi submetido passando por diferentes Secretarias Estaduais, revelam os entraves políticos quanto à sua gestão e a dificuldade de situá-lo em um locus apropriado e condizente aos seus fins.
Mapeamento sobre as atuais políticas para formação de professores no estado do Paraná
Authors: Zanlorense Maria Joselia
Published: April 2021

O texto apresenta o mapeamento das pesquisas de Mestrado e Doutorado que se referem às atuais políticas educacionais sobre a formação de professores no curso de pedagogia realizadas nos programas de pós-graduação em educação no Estado do Paraná no período de 2006 a 2012. Aborda primeiramente o recente estudo denominado “estado da arte” realizado sobre a formação de professores no Brasil. Pautado no resultado do estudo, discute as atuais políticas que se referem à formação de professores pautando-se no materialismo histórico para compreender as mudanças que ocorreram no período em que se delinearam as reformas educacionais brasileira. Para o entendimento das mudanças ocorridas na educação nesse contexto, se fez necessário entender as mudanças na reestruturação produtiva, a influência dos organismos internacionais, a minimização do Estado, as reformas educacionais e a exigência do setor econômico na formação do trabalhador para atender as novas demandas do mercado. As pesquisas elencadas discutem as questões econômicas como fatores determinantes para que ocorresse as alterações na educação, em específico na formação de professores, tornando-se esta aligeirada, fragmentada e precária.
O contexto da educação especial na perspectiva da educação inclusiva: as vozes dos professores e dos familiares na rede municipal de ensino de Joinville (SC)
Authors: Fettback Carin Schultze , Baldin Nelma
Published: April 2021

Este artigo tem por objetivo analisar a aplicabilidade das diretrizes expressas nos documentos que orientam a Política Nacional de Educação Especial na Perspectiva da Educação Inclusiva, buscando compreender o relacionamento entre família, escola e atendimento educacional especializado. Objetivos específicos: avaliar o entendimento que têm as famílias e os professores quanto ao AEE da pessoa com deficiência; compreender os dizeres das famílias e dos professores, o processo de inclusão da criança e do adolescente no ensino regular; reconhecer a importância, para a família, da representação das relações no referente à família-escola e família-AEE. Participaram de estudo 15 famílias, três professoras do AEE, 46 professores do ensino regular e cinco auxiliares monitores. Utilizando fichas de observação, diário de campo, caderno de notas, entrevistas semiestruturadas, aplicação de questionário e observações nas escolas, os descritores do estudo: educação especial, família e representação social, a abordagem da pesquisa qualitativa etnográfica e também o estudo com aplicação de técnicas quantitativas. Resultados apontam divergências quanto às opiniões no que se refere ao relacionamento entre os pais e professores nas escolas, uma vez que a inclusão dos estudantes com deficiência e transtorno global do desenvolvimento continua sob responsabilidade da educação especial. Pais e professores demonstram desconhecer o AEE.
Aspectos da regulação sobre o ensino a distância no Brasil
Authors: Caram Nirave Reigota , Bizelli José Luís
Published: April 2021

O presente artigo apresenta uma reflexão em torno dos aspectos históricos e de legislação sobre Ensino a Distância (EAD). Para tanto, foi realizada uma investigação bibliográfica e documental com o objetivo de levantar os apontamentos necessários para a discussão. O texto inicia-se com a caracterização da sociedade atual, a Sociedade da Informação, que ampara o EAD moderna, a qual utiliza as tecnologias de informação e comunicação (TIC) para estabelecer o processo de ensino aprendizagem. Cinco fases do EAD são identificadas. Posteriormente, a legislação brasileira referente ao EAD é pontuada, iniciando com a passagem pelo Art. 80 da Lei de Diretrizes e Bases – LBD (Lei 9394/96) juntamente com a análise crítica do Decreto 5.622/05. Por fim, nas considerações finais é discutida a imagem negativa que o EAD carrega por parte da população brasileira e entraves nas normas vigentes que dificultam a democratização do acesso à Educação que o EAD objetiva.
A leitura nos cursos de pedagogia: implicações da práxis docente na formação do professor leitor
Authors: Silva Kátia Andrade Inez , Franco Sandra Aparecida Pires
Published: April 2021

Este artigo traz os resultados da dissertação de mestrado, vinculada à linha de pesquisa “Docência: Saberes e Práticas”, teve como objetivo analisar em que medida a práxis docente presente nos Cursos de Pedagogia implica na formação de professores leitores. O universo de pesquisa composto por duas faculdades públicas localizadas em cidades ao norte do Estado do Paraná, e os sujeitos participantes foram cem estudantes matriculados nas turmas de 2ª, 3ª e 4ª anos dos dois Cursos e três professores responsáveis pelas disciplinas que abordavam o ensino da leitura e a formação do leitor. Numa abordagem quantiqualitativa, por meio de estudo exploratório dos documentos norteadores dos Cursos, como o Projeto Pedagógico, Matrizes Curriculares e as Ementas das disciplinas de Alfabetização e Letramento, Metodologia de Ensino de Língua Portuguesa e Fundamentos Teórico-metodológicos em Alfabetização e Língua Portuguesa, bem como da análise das respostas dadas por estudantes e professores aos questionários semiestruturados aplicados e das observações realizadas nas aulas. Como resultados estão à compreensão da realidade posta em relação à formação de sujeitos leitores nestes Cursos de Pedagogia, assim como o apontamento das dificuldades encontradas pelos docentes seja referente à carga horária das disciplinas que tratam do ensino da leitura ou pela constatação das implicações da práxis docente em relação a essa formação.
Tecnologias da informação e comunicação na educação: conceitos e definições
Authors: Geraldi Luciana Maura Aquaroni , Bizelli José Luís
Published: April 2021

As tecnologias da informação e comunicação (TIC) trazem novas formas e métodos de produção do conhecimento no ambiente escolar. Inovações tecnológicas permitem melhorar a relação Escola/professor; professor/estudante e estudante/estudante. Para tanto, faz-se necessário entender a utilização das ferramentas informatizadas e seus resultados. O texto aqui apresentado faz uma revisão da bibliografia pertinente ao tema analisando formas de trabalhar e inserir TIC no cenário da sala de aula. A perspectiva da abordagem proposta indica a importância de investimentos no acesso e letramento para o uso de inovações, começando pela formação de educadores aptos a rever seus métodos e práticas de ensino.
A produção de conhecimento em políticas educacionais dos programas de Pós-Graduação em Educação da Universidade Estadual Paulista no período 2009-2013
Authors: Souza Kellcia Rezende , Kerbauy Maria Teresa Micely
Published: April 2021

O presente estudo analisa as tendências subjacentes as pesquisas em políticas educacionais na produção dos programas de Pós-Graduação em Educação da Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp). Para tanto, foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica com enfoque qualitativo. Os dados foram analisados a partir dos conteúdos dos resumos. Tomamos como objeto para compreender esta problemática as dissertações e teses, com temáticas voltadas para a área da política educacional. Foram selecionadas 85 pesquisas, no período de 2009 à 2013. Os trabalhos traduzem o panorama de tendências e olhares predominantes no campo das políticas educacionais dos programas da instituição, representado no quadro de 5 categorias temáticas: Estudos sobre políticas e programas governamentais; Legislação e direito à educação; Políticas de financiamento e gestão; Políticas de avaliação e Papel dos partidos políticos e outras entidades da sociedade civil. A análise empreendida demonstra os avanços do campo de conhecimento focalizado e os limites que se apresentam para a consolidação da área.
O conselho escolar e a implementação no município de Cascavel-PR
Authors: Carozzi Elizangela S. , Estrada Adrian A.
Published: April 2021

Este trabalho tem por objetivo apresentar uma síntese da produção realizada na dissertação de mestrado intitulada ”Organização e Gestão Escolar: uma análise do Conselho Escolar na rede pública municipal de Cascavel”3. A pesquisa teve por objetivo principal apresentar uma análise do processo de implementação do Conselho Escolar no município de Cascavel no ano de 2012. O Conselho Escolar faz parte do Programa Nacional de Fortalecimento dos Conselhos Escolares (PNFCE), criado em 2004 na primeira gestão do então presidente Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva. Esse programa proclama fomentar a gestão democrática por meio da participação da comunidade escolar e, para isso, oferta cursos de formação para o desempenho do papel de conselheiro. Entendendo que é um programa direcionado por meio de políticas públicas e não por um movimento que emergiu da sociedade, o estudo buscou refletir sobre os limites e as possibilidades da participação da comunidade escolar na gestão da escola pública a partir de um instrumento que é o Conselho Escolar. Assim, para o desenvolvimento do trabalho realizou-se uma pesquisa bibliográfica, com análise de documentos e com pesquisa de campo realizada por meio de entrevistas e de questionários com diretores das escolas municipais, com demais membros do Conselho Escolar, para entendimento do objeto de pesquisa participamos ainda de observações em Seminários, cursos de formação para conselheiros e reunião do Conselho Escolar. Nossa preocupação é resgatar as questões da pesquisa e apontar os limites e possibilidades de um Conselho Escolar dentro de uma gestão na escola pública do campo de pesquisa, recuperando aspectos fundamentais da participação da comunidade.
HUR-approximation of an ELTA functional equation
Authors: Sharifi A.R. , Kenary Azadi , Yousefi B. , Soltani R.
Published: April 2021

The main goal of this paper is study of the Hyers-Ulam-Rassias stability
(briefly HUR-approximation) of the following Euler-Lagrange type
additive(briefly ELTA) functional equation ?nj=1f (1/2 ?1?i?n,i?j
rixi- 1/2 rjxj) + ?ni=1 rif(xi)=nf (1/2 ?ni=1 rixi) where r1,..., rn ? R, ?ni=k rk?0, and ri,rj?0 for some 1? i < j ? n, in fuzzy normed spaces. The concept of HUR-approximation
originated from Th. M. Rassias stability theorem that appeared in his paper:
On the stability of the linear mapping in Banach spaces, Proc. Amer. Math.
Soc. 72 (1978), 297-300.
Solving coupled tensor equations via higher order LSQR methods
Authors: Hajarian Masoud
Published: April 2021

Tensors have a wide application in control theory, data mining, chemistry,
information sciences, documents analysis and medical engineering. The
material here is motivated by the development of the efficient numerical
methods for solving the coupled tensor equations (A1*M X *N B1 + C1 *M Y
*N D1 = E1, A2 *M X *N B2 + C2 *M Y *N D2 = E2, with Einstein product. We
propose the tensor form of the LSQR methods to find the solutions X and Y of
the coupled tensor equations. Finally we give some numerical examples to
illustrate that our proposed methods are able to accurately and efficiently
find the solutions of tensor equations with Einstein product.
P-Hirano inverses in rings
Authors: Sheibani Abdolyousefi
Published: April 2021

We introduce and study a new class of generalized inverses in rings. An
element a in a ring R has p-Hirano inverse if there exists b ? R such that
bab = b,b ? comm2(a),(a2-ab)k ? J(R) for some k ? N. We prove that a ? R
has p-Hirano inverse if and only if there exists p = p2 ? comm2(a) such that
(a2-p)k ? J(R) for some k ? N. Multiplicative and additive properties for
such generalized inverses are thereby obtained. We then completely determine
when a 2 x 2 matrix over local rings has p-Hirano inverse.
Optimality conditions for higher order polyhedral discrete and differential inclusions
Authors: Demir Sağlam Sevilay , Mahmudov Elimhan
Published: April 2021

The problems considered in this paper are described in polyhedral
multi-valued mappings for higher order(s-th) discrete (PDSIs) and
differential inclusions (PDFIs). The present paper focuses on the necessary
and sufficient conditions of optimality for optimization of these problems. By
converting the PDSIs problem into a geometric constraint problem, we
formulate the necessary and sufficient conditions of optimality for a convex
minimization problem with linear inequality constraints. Then, in terms of
the Euler-Lagrange type PDSIs and the specially formulated transversality
conditions, we are able to obtain conditions of optimality for the PDSIs. In
order to obtain the necessary and sufficient conditions of optimality for the
discrete-approximation problem PDSIs, we reduce this problem to the form of
a problem with higher order discrete inclusions. Finally, by formally
passing to the limit, we establish the sufficient conditions of optimality for
the problem with higher order PDFIs. Numerical approach is developed to
solve a polyhedral problem with second order polyhedral discrete inclusions.
Some inequalities for P-class functions
Authors: Nikoufar Ismail , Saeedi Davuod
Published: April 2021

In this paper, we provide some inequalities for P-class functions and
self-adjoint operators on a Hilbert space including an operator version of
the Jensen?s inequality and the Hermite-Hadamard?s type inequality. We
improve the H?lder-MacCarthy inequality by providing an upper bound. Some
refinements of the Jensen type inequality for P-class functions will be of
interest.
Pengaruh Jenis Biomassa Terhadap Karaktristik Pembakaran dan Hasil Bioarang Asap Cair dari Proses Pirolisis
Authors: Ridhuan Kemas , Irawan Dwi
Published: April 2021

Biomass merupakan salah satu sumber energi terbarukan yang banyak kita jumpai disekitar kita, dengan berbagai jenis. Biomassa dapat dikonversi ke berbagai bentuk energi salah satunya yaitu pembakaran pirolisis. Pirolisis merupakan suatu dekomposisi kimia bahan organik (biomassa) melalui proses pemanasan pada suhu tinggi yang terjadi tanpa atau sedikit oksigen. Hasil proses pirolisis berupa produk bio-arang dan asap cair. Setiap biomassa memiliki karaktristik dan komposisi bebeda-beda, sehingga jika dibakar tentunya akan menghasilkan suhu dan produk pirolisis yang berbeda pula. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pengaruh jenis biomassa terhadap karaktristik pembakaran, nilai kalor dan jumlah bio-arang serta asap cair yang dihasilkan. Metode penelitian ini yaitu dengan menggunakan limbah biomassa cangkang karet, kulit kelapa muda dan sekan padi. Biomassa dibakar dengan proses prolisis slow di dalam sebuah reaktor. Pembakaran pada ruang bakar reaktor dari tabung pirolisis yang berisi biomassa dengan mengukur suhu, waktu, jumlah biomassa, bio-arang dan asap cair serta nilai kalor pada bio-arang tersebut yang di lakukan di laboratorium Teknik Mesin Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro, dan  Laboratorium Polinela. Dari hasil penelitian nilai kalor biomassa cangkang karet sebesar 6661,549 cal/gr, dengan lama pembakaran 270 menit, hasil padatan di dalam tabung pirolisis sebesar 47,6 %,  untuk biomassa kulit kelapa muda di dapat nila kalor 5388,561 cal/gr, dengan lama pembakaran 225 menit hasil padatan di  tabung pirolisis   sebesar 33,3 % , dan biomassa sekam padi di dapat nilai kalor 3626,482 cal/gr dengan lama waktu pembakaran 190 menit hasil padatan di tabung pirolisis sebesar 40,0 %.
Simulasi Unjuk Kerja Termal Dan Pressure Drop Kolektor Surya Pelat Datar Aliran Serpentine Menggunakan Metode CFD
Authors: Yonanda Ahmad , Amrizal Amrizal , Amrul Amrul
Published: April 2021

Untuk mengetahui karakteristik unjuk kerja kolektor surya ini dapat digunakan metode CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamic). CFD memberikan kemudahan untuk menganalisis karakterisrik aliran fluida yang berkaitan dengan distribusi temperatur dan tekanan yang terjadi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis karakteristik unjuk kerja termal dan pressure drop pada kolektor surya pelat datar menggunakan metode CFD. Langkah-langkah yang dibutuhkan dalam proses simulasi CFD adalah: desain dan name selection geometri, meshing, pemilihan metode radiasi, pemilihan jenis material dan input kondisi batas. Proses iterasi simulasi ditunjukkan oleh grafik “residual” yang konvergen dengan hasil simulasi berupa kontur temperatur dan tekanan. Kemudian proses validasi dilakukan terhadap hasil simulasi dengan cara membandingkannya dengan data eksperimen. Langkah selanjutnya mensimulasikan unjuk kerja kolektor surya berdasarkan variasi laju aliran massa fluida dan variasi jarak antara pipa (W). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan laju aliran massa fluida sebesar 0,005 kg/s (dalam range 0,005 - 0,02 kg/s) mengakibatkan temperatur keluar fluida kerja akan mengalami penurunan sekitar 2°C. Sementara itu penggunaan jarak antara pipa (W) 40 mm jika dibandingkan dengan jarak antara pipa (W) 80 mm akan meningkatkan temperatur keluar fluida kerja sebesar 3,9°C.
Online discussion forums for rural teacher professional development
Authors: Ikhsanudin Ikhsanudin
Published: April 2021

Rural teachers often have difficulties to participate conventionally in professional development programs in towns. This article explains the possibility and challenge of developing an online e-learning program and forum to support rural English teacher capacity building. The research was conducted through a qualitative survey in four districts in two of fourteen counties in Kalimantan Barat province, Indonesia. The data were collected through interview and observation and were analyzed using a three-level classification system that consisted of unidimensional description, multidimensional description, and explanation. The research found that the government regulations, the transportation infrastructure, the internet connection, and the teacher readiness could support the online discussion forum. The possible design to support the forum was an asynchronous discussion forum in social media groups. The challenge was finding motivated and committed teachers to initiate and lead the forums. Based on the discussion and conclusion, the research recommends that external experts mentor the leaders in the first year. When the leaders are ready to manage the groups, the mentor can motivate the leaders to manage the groups autonomously and may collaborate with the external experts to conduct some relevant professional development programs.