bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Murine Skin-resident γδT Cells Impair the Immune Response to HSV in Skin
Authors: Fernandez Marian A. , Yu Uet , Ferguson Angela L. , Wang Dongwei , Francis Elise , Roediger Ben , Weninger Wolfgang , Cantrill Laurence C. , Cunningham Anthony L. , Alexander Stephen I. , Jones Cheryl A.
Published: October 2018

Background:

HSV is an important cause of brain infection. Virus entry is often
through breeches in the skin. γδT cells play an immunoprotective role in mice after corneal, genital
or footpad (subcutaneous) HSV infection.

Methods:

Here we report that the presence of γδT cells in murine skin is associated with increased
severity of herpetic disease, reduced protective cytokine responses and increased viral spread from
the skin to the sensory ganglia in the zosteriform model. γδT cell-deficient (TCR δ -/-) mice displayed
significantly decreased herpetic lesion severity after flank HSV infection compared to WT
C57BL/6 controls at both primary and secondary skin infection sites.

Results:

Viral titer at the primary skin site was similar to WT mice in γδT cell-deficient mice, but
was significantly decreased in the ganglia and secondary skin site. γδT cell-deficient mice showed
increased Th1 responses by both T cells and non-T cells at the primary site, and decreased T-cell
Th17 responses and immune infiltration at the secondary site.

Conclusion:

Cytokine responses of epidermal and dermal γδT cells to HSV also differed in WT
mice (Th1 in epidermis, and Th17 in the dermis), suggesting a functional dichotomy between
these two subsets. Our data suggest that in contrast to other mouse models of HSV infection, skinresident
γδT cells promote the pathogenesis of HSV in skin.
A Brief History of Ebolavirus Disease: Paving the Way Forward by Learning from the Previous Outbreaks
Authors: Jefferies Meryem , Rashid Harunor , Hill-Cawthorne Grant A. , Kayser Veysel
Published: October 2018

In this review, Ebolavirus Disease (EVD) outbreaks have been comprehensively reviewed
from their beginning until now. It chronologically discusses how each outbreak was tackled,
national and international actions taken, diagnostic methods applied, the infection control procedures
put in place, and the lessons learnt from each epidemic for the control of subsequent epidemics.
Data for this review were obtained from literature published between 1967 and 2016 in
key medical databases, the official websites of various governmental organisations, international
public health agencies, and regulatory bodies. Despite major developments in the field of EVD,
there has been little progress in its specific therapy or prevention. Historically, individuals who
recovered from EVD acted as a source of fresh frozen plasma (containing IgG) that has been used
to treat other acutely ill patients, however this therapeutic modality has limitations due to the risk
of transmission of blood-borne infections. With the use of advanced and efficient purification
methods the incidence of unwanted side effects following immune serum therapy has currently
been greatly reduced. Creation of a safe plasma pool that covers immunoglobulins against all
strains of EVD is now a research priority. Recommendations on how future EVD outbreaks can be
better managed have been discussed.
Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Rare Entity
Authors: Mohd Rozita , Nordin Fatimah Zanirah , Cader Rizna
Published: October 2018

Background:

Neurological manifestations in Systemic Lupus Erythematous (SLE) varies and commonly affects the Central Nervous System (CNS) rather than the peripheral nervous system. Neuropsychiatric or CNS manifestation can be as high as 24-54%, whereas the peripheral nervous system involvement is lower around 5-27%. Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyradiculopathy (CIDP) is one of the three commonest peripheral nervous system involvements in SLE patients and results with severe debilitating effects. However, it is rarely reported.

Methods:

A retrospective review of all SLE patients that were diagnosed with CIDP between 2000 and 2015 was done under follow up at our center that were diagnosed with CIDP between 2000 and 2015. We reviewed their medical records and analyzed their clinical presentation, investigations, treatment instituted, response to therapy and any neurological sequealae.

Results:

A total of 512 case notes were reviewed. Of these 4 patients presented with CIDP (3 females, 1 male) aged between 26 to 46 years old. Three presented with transverse myelitis and the other one with acute motor and sensory axonal neuropathy. All patients were treated with high dose corticosteroids, three patients received cyclophosphamide whilst the other patient was induced with mycophenolate mofetil. Complete recovery was seen in one patient, two had persistent but improving numbness and the other one had a residual weakness.

Conclusion:

Peripheral nervous system involvement in SLE can result in serious debilitating effects. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial in limiting the neurological sequealae.
CdSe Quantum Dots to Quantum Rods: Transition Studies and Evaluation of Sensitivity as Transducers for Biosensing Glucose
Authors: Saran Amit D. , Bellare Jayesh R.
Published: October 2018

Background:

The estimation of glucose level in the blood serum, has been widely used as a
clinical indicator of diabetes. Optical and electrochemical sensing of glucose widely uses Glucose Oxidase
(GOD) enzyme, as the catalyst for glucose oxidation, which releases hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Optical
biosensors are superior to their electrochemical counter-parts as they are resistant to electromagnetic
interference, easier to fabricate into a microdevice and require low power supply. The quantum-dot-based
biosensors work on the phenomenon of fluorescence quenching following the release of H2O2.

Methods:

The CdSe nanoparticles are prepared in two series by room-temperature microemulsion
method. In series A, only AOT surfactant is used to synthesize spherical CdSe nanoparticles. In series B,
the mixed surfactant system of AOT and lecithin is used to synthesize anisotropic CdSe. The morphology
and crystallography is studied as the CdSe shape changes from spherical to rod-like. As the CdSe
nanoparticles are studied from spherical to rod-like morphology, the transducing sensitivity of these
nanoparticles is evaluated with respect to glucose biosensing. The effects of size and shape are studied,
based on the fluorescence quenching by H2O2 solutions. The sensitivity of proposed nanoparticles, is
evaluated as a function of size, shape, surface area and number concentration of CdSe nanoparticles.

Results:

The spherical CdSe nanoparticles are found to increase in size as R(water-to-surfactant ratio) is
increased from 4 to 12, in series A. Also, the aspect ratio of CdSe nanoparticle is found to increase from
4.2 to 12.8 as the ratio of AOT to lecithin is varied from 1:0.5 to 1:3. The decrease in sensitivity index is
seen with increasing surface area for both series A and B. The sensitivity is decreasing again with increasing
maximum dimension of the CdSe nanoparticle in the dispersion. While the trend is reverse in
case of the number concentration for CdSe nanoparticles synthesized in series B.

Conclusion:

From the data presented, it can be safely concluded that the sensitivity indices for series A
are better than those for series B, for the same values of a) the total surface area of CdSe nanoparticles, b)
total number concentration, and c) maximum dimension of CdSe nanoparticles. Also, the single surfactant
system (series A) is simple, cheaper and more reproducible to synthesize the CdSe nanosheres, as compared
with the mixed surfactant system forming CdSe quantum rods (series B). With these points, it is reasonable
to report that CdSe spherical QDs are better candidates for glucose biosensing, as compared to
CdSe quantum rods.
Fabrication of Chitosan/Pectin/PVA Nanofibers Using Electrospinning Technique
Authors: Safari Javad , Esteghlal Sara , Keramat Malihe , Khalesi Mohammadreza
Published: October 2018

Background:

Electrospinning is a novel cost effective technique for generating nanofibers from a
broad range of materials likely to be used as a coating film.

Methods:

In this project, pectin and chitosan solutions containing PVA were prepared and electrospun with
separate syringes for the first time. The antimicrobial and physical properties of the novel chitosan/PVApectin/
PVA nanofibrous film were evaluated using some analysis techniques such as disc diffusion assay,
scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), viscosity and conductivity
tests, and fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR).

Results:

The results showed that simultaneously electrospinning the dispersion of chitosan/PVA (50:50)
with pectin/PVA (50:50) led to the formation of thin nanofibers with the minimum number of beads. The results
of FTIR analysis proved the dispersion of chitosan and PVA in nanofiber mats and the interaction of
chitosan with pectin as well as PVA with pectin. Disc diffusion assay showed that nano-film could possess
significant antibacterial activity against S. aureus at 37°C but had no effects against E. coli.

Conclusion:

Based on the results of this study, the novel chitosan/PVA-pectin/PVA nanofibrous film can be
considered as a novel coating film for promising application in food packaging industry.
Aristotelia chilensis (Mol.) Stuntz: A Natural Source of Bioactive Compounds
Authors: Turchetti Giovanni , Paz Cristian
Published: October 2018

Aristotelia chilensis (Mol.) Stuntz, commonly called “maqui” is a native tree of
Chile considered sacred for the Mapuche people. The fruits are sweet blackberries with a
high concentration of polyphenols which stain the hands and mouth when eaten. The
Mapuche people use it for creating "chicha" an alcoholic beverage, while leaves are used to
treat infected wounds, inflammation and ulcers. In this review, we will give an overview of
the pharmacology reported for the plant and molecules isolated from leaves and fruits, with
the scope of giving a better understanding of the potential of this tree.
Antifungal Activity of Traditional Medicinal Plants from Argentina: Effect of their Combination with Antifungal Drugs
Authors: Cordisco Estefanía , Sortino Maximiliano , Svetaz Laura
Published: October 2018

Background and Objective:

The incidence of fungal infections has experienced a
marked increase in the last two decades being limited to a few drugs with serious drawbacks.
Combination therapy has emerged as an approach to improve the efficacy of currently
used antifungal therapy that also may delay the evolution of resistance.

Method:

The objectives of this work are to present a bibliographic search on the plants used
in traditional medicine in Argentina for ailments related to fungal infections and to investigate
the antifungal activity of currently used antifungal drugs in combination with natural
extracts.

Results:

Results of the bibliographic investigation showed that 153 species belonging to 56
families and 120 genera from Argentina are applied to treat signs and symptoms considered
to maintain ethnopharmacological uses related to fungal infections, mainly for skin and mucosal
conditions.

Conclusion:

Regarding the evaluation of the antifungal activity of combinations between
extracts and antifungal drugs, we observed that extracts from plants species belonging to a
genera traditionally used for ailments related to fungal infections have more chances of
enhancing the activity of amphotericin B, fluconazole and itraconazole. In addition, we observed
that there is a greater chance of finding an enhancement in the activity of the commercial
antifungals when the combination is performed with extracts that have shown activity
in solitary. Nevertheless, inactive extracts that would have been discarded according to
the classic strategy displayed activity in combination and they continue being potential candidates
in the search for new antifungals.
Psikoedukasi Dzikr Menurunkan Kadar Kortisol dan Meningkatkan Kadar IGG pada Ibu Primipara
Authors: Wahyuni Sri , Anies Anies , Soejoenoes Ariawan , Putra Suhartono Taat
Published: October 2018

Background: Unstable emotions that are common during the perinatal period affect hormonal regulation and affect immunity. Research of psychoeducation dhikr be important was done to reduce perceived stress so that cortisol levels can be controlled hence IgG increases.Purposes: to prove additional psychoeducation of dhikr in routine midwifery care more influential on decreasing cortisol and increasing IgG among primiparous women.Methods: This study was an experimental study. A number of 24 participants as intervention group and a number of 23 participants as control group. Cortisol and IgG levels measured using ELIZA kits in the third trimester of pregnancy, the three days and tenth days after birth. Statistical test using General Linear Model and independent t test to compare Δ score.Results: The result showed mean difference between groups on the end of interventions, cortisol 18.95, CI 95% (-13.42 – 51.33) and p value is 0.245. The difference of the IgG between groups 482.72, CI 95% (55,51 - 909,93) and p value is 0.028.Conclusions: Additional psychoeducation of dhikr in routine midwifery care has more decrease Cortisol and increase IgG levels in primiparous women. Keywords: Cortisol, Psychoeducation Dzikr, IgG, Primiparous
Pengaruh Konseling Antenatal terhadap Penerimaan AKDR pascasalin sebuah uji klinis non randomisasi
Authors: Faris Abdul , Soetrisno Soetrisno , Siswosudarmo Risanto , Malinta Umar
Published: October 2018

Background: During postpartum period women have a high motivation to start using contraception and postpartum IUD is an ideal method to offer. The rate of IUD use is still low, 14.06% of all postpartum contraceptive use. This might be attributed to lack of information and counseling from health providers.Objective: To compare the number of postpartum IUD used among groups of clients who were counseled during ANC and re-counseled during latent phase (exposed group), and group counseled during latent phase only (control group).Method: This study was a prospective quasi-experimental or randomised clinical trial. The first group was those counseled during ANC  and latent phase, and the second was those counseled at latent phase only. Chi square and relative risk were used for statistical test two proportions.Result and Discussion: A total of 342 subjects who met  inclusion and exclusion criteria were recruited. They consisted of the 210 subjects (61,4%) for the first group and 132 subjects (38,6%) for the second.The rate of IUD used in the first group was 82 of 210 (39%) and 30 of 132 (22.7%) in the second, RR 1,72  (95% CI 1.20 – 2.46), p 0,002. The rate of IUD used was also significantly influenced by a history of IUD acceptor RR 2,90 with 95% CI 2.23 – 3.77), a history of contraceptive used (RR 1,79 with95% CI 1,18 – 2,71) and a history of contraceptive counselling (RR 1,50 with 95% CI 1,03 – 2,19).Conclusion: Clients who were counseled twice (during ANC and repeated at latent phase) had higher rate of postpartum IUD used significantly than those who were counseled at latent phase only. Other factors that significantly affected the rate of postpartum IUD used were history of IUD acceptor, history of contraceptive used.Keywords: Postpartum IUD; counseling; rate of postpartum IUD use; antenatal care
COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION IN NATURE TOURISM DEVELOPMENT: LESSONS FROM PINDUL CAVE IN YOGYAKARTA, INDONESIA
Authors: Musadad Musadad
Published: October 2018

Local community's participation is essential for a tourism development, especially in a nature tourism destination like Pindul Cave in Gunungkidul Regency, Yogyakarta. In addition to contributing to the sustainability of the nature tourism itself, community participation can empower the local community since they are usually benefited from the tourism activities running in their area. Therefore, this study seeks to identify the level of community participation in nature-based tourism development and barriers to the community participation. This study employed a descriptive quantitative approach. The data was collected by randomly distributing questionnaires to 60 residents and conducting interviews with the locals and village tourism managers. The results suggested that the level of community participation is averagely high in terms of age, gender, job, income, and education. Nevertheless, their participation level is low in the evaluation so there should be a monitoring team to handle this issue. In addition, the local community still faces several barriers to participation, including incompetency of tourism industry, poverty, management's policy, and lack of ability to speak English. Therefore, there should be advocating programs to overcome these problems.
Effectiveness and safety of anti-TNF in psoriatic arthritis patients in Brazil: a post-incorporation analysis
Authors: da Silva Michael Ruberson Ribeiro , dos Santos Jéssica Barreto Ribeiro , Almeida Alessandra Maciel , Kakehasi Adriana Maria , de Oliveira Junior Haliton Alves , Álvares-Teodoro Juliana , Acurcio Francisco de Assis
Published: October 2018

Aim:Psoriatic arthritis is a chronic disease that can result in disability and decreased quality of life.Materials & methods:A prospective cohort was conducted in Brazil. Disease activity was measured by the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI) and Clinical Disease Activity Index (CDAI), functionality by the Health Assessment Questionnaire Disability Index (HAQ-DI) and the quality of life by the EuroQol 5D (EQ-5D).Results:In total, 122 patients were included. After 6 months, a median reduction of 2.03 in the BASDAI, 7.80 in the CDAI, 0.63 in the HAQ-DI and increase of 0.12 in the EQ-5D was observed. A good clinical response was observed in 45.5% of the patients by BASDAI and 54.5% by CDAI. Higher education and better quality of life were identified as predictors of effectiveness. The most common side effects were the infections.Conclusion:Anti-TNF-α drugs were effective and safe. The incorporation of them into the Brazilian Public Health System has provided therapeutic alternatives to the treatment of psoriatic arthritis.
THE EFFECTS OF PROGRAMMED TRAINING ON DEVELOPMENT OF EXPLOSIVE STRENGTH IN FEMALE VOLLEYBALL PLAYERS
Authors: Veličković Marina , Bojić Ivana , Berić Dragana
Published: October 2018

This study was done with the aim of determining the effects a programmed training would have on the changes in the explosive strength of young female volleyball players. The sample consisted of 30 female volleyball players, aged 14 to 16, divided into two groups – the experimental one (n=15) and the control group (n=15). The experimental group was comprised of the players from the club OK ‘Desetka’, who, apart from the basic technical and tactical training process, underwent a specially designed programme for developing explosive strength two times a week (on Tuesdays and Thursdays). The experimental programme was applied during the period of preparations before the official beginning of the regional competitions for cadets. The control group was comprised of the players from the club OK ‘Millennium’, who, during the same period of time, underwent only those training sessions which had previously been planned within the annual plan and programme of the club. Explosive strength evaluation included four sets of tests: the squat jump (SJ), countermowement jump (CMJ), drop jump (DJ), one-legged CMJ (OLCMJ). The effects of the progremmed training on the development of the explosive strength of the young female volleyball players was determined by the Covariance Analysis, ANCOVA. The results obtained in such a way showed the statistically significant improvement in the parameters tested within the experimental group. The difference was insignificant in the OLCMJ test only. The results point to the conclusion that the experimental training programme had positive effects on the changes of explosive strength of young female volleyball players.
THE IMPACT OF VIDEO GAMES ON THE eSPORTS FORMATION
Authors: Baltezarević Radoslav , Baltezarević Borivoje
Published: October 2018

The aim of this study was to examine the influence of video games, as a form of digital media, on the formation of a new kind of sport. eSports take place in virtual space and do not rely only on the physical being of the participant, as is the case with the traditional understanding of sport, but on the interaction between man and a computer. This paper deals with the discourse of a contemporary game, which takes place in virtual space, and which is, according to theorists, classified as an eSports. Given that sport involves participants who occupy the "physical world", while eSport participants are in the "virtual world", as well as the fact that eSports athletes always have to use the Human-Computer interface that connects their bodies to an electronic system, a key issue that the authors of this paper seek to answer relates to whether there can be an electronic sport, and whether computer mediated sports have similarities with the traditional understanding of sport?
THE EFFECTS OF EXERCISE PROGRAM ON THE BALANCE OF YOUNG PEOPLE WITH INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES
Authors: Stojanović Marija , Aleksandrović Marko , Aleksić-Veljković Aleksandra
Published: October 2018

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of the 12 weeks experimental exercise program on the balance of adolescents with mild intellectual disabilities. Participants were 15 adolescents aged 15-20 years (18.18±1.54 years) with mild disturbances in intellectual functioning attending a special school „October 14th" in Nis. The program consisted of games with the balls and polygons on the basketball court. The balance ability was tested by nine tasks of the BOT-2 (Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency). The results indicate that the applied exercise program contributed to the statistically significant increase in total score of balance (p = .002), walking foreward heel-toe on the line (p = .045), standing on one leg on a line with eyes closed (p = .027) and standing on one leg on balance beam with eyes closed (p = .006). The applied exercise program had a positive influence on the balance of young people with mild intellectual disabilities. Additionally, the results can provide useful information in optimizing the training loads of students with mild intellectual disabilities throughout Physical Education classes.
CHANGE-OF-DIRECTION DEFICIT IN COLLEGIATE WOMEN’S RUGBY UNION PLAYERS
Authors: Lockie Robert
Published: October 2018

Change-of-direction (COD) ability is an essential component of rugby union. As most COD tests use total time to measure COD performance, the COD deficit has been developed as a metric to isolate COD ability independent of linear sprint speed. This study investigated relationships between sprint time, 505 time, and COD deficit in collegiate women’s rugby union players. Seventeen players from the one team performed a 20-m sprint (0-5, 0-10, and 0-20 m intervals were measured), and the 505 from each leg. The COD deficit for both legs was calculated as the difference between average 505 and 10-m time. Correlations were calculated between the 505 and COD deficit with the sprint intervals (p ≤ 0.05). To compare 505 time and COD deficit, z-scores were derived; the difference in these scores were evaluated for each participant. The COD deficit did not correlate with the sprint interval times (r = -0.370 to -0.045). Right-leg 505 time did correlate with the 0-10 and 0-20 m intervals (r = 0.483-552). Six of 17 participants for the left leg, and five of 17 for the right leg, were classified differently for COD ability when comparing standardized scores for 505 time versus COD deficit. More than half the participants (53-59%) had meaningful differences between 505 time and COD deficit for each leg. These results suggested that the COD deficit may be a more isolated measure of COD ability and provided a different measure of this ability compared to 505 time in collegiate women’s rugby union players.
La Escuela Correccional de Artes y Oficios de Oaxaca, 1889-1901
Authors: Bailón Vásquez Fabiola
Published: October 2018

En este artículo se analiza la conformación de la Escuela Correccional de Artes y Oficios de la ciudad de Oaxaca de 1889, año en que se inaugura por decreto gubernamental, hasta 1901, que cambia de nombre a Escuela Industrial Militar. Aborda las ideas y las medidas que fueron esgrimidas para erigirla como una institución de control social, así como diversos aspectos de su funcionamiento, el tipo de alumnos que recibió y la forma en la que fue utilizada por los padres y familiares de los jóvenes que en ella residían.
Consenso y confrontación en los sistemas de educación superior iberoamericanos
Authors: Mella-Polanco Marcelo
Published: October 2018

El propósito de este artículo consiste en analizar comparativamente las condiciones que inciden sobre la autorregulación y gobernanza de los sistemas de educación superior (SES) en Iberoamérica. Puntualmente, se indagará en los efectos de las políticas estatales sectoriales en el funcionamiento de los SES. En este marco examinaremos ¿qué factores determinan el consenso o la confrontación sobre los sistemas de educación superior  en cada uno de los casos estudiados? Utilizando el qualitative comparative analysisse estudiarán 16 casos en la región incluidos en el informe CINDA2016. Se concluye que existen “dos mundos” que resuelven los desafíos de autorregulación y gobernanza por vías distintas, el de la educación superior pública masificada y el de la educación superior construida con base en lógicas de mercado.
La formación del profesorado en la RIEMS. Un estudio de caso en la Escuela Preparatoria 9 del SEMS de la Universidad de Guadalajara
Authors: Olaskoaga-Larrauri Jon , Mendoza-Sepúlveda Carlos , Marúm-Espinosa Elia
Published: October 2018

Este artículo propone una valoración de la formación recibida por el profesorado de la educación media superior con motivo de la introducción de la Reforma Integral de la Educación Media Superior (RIEMS) y del enfoque por competencias en este nivel educativo. La evaluación se ha realizado a partir de las opiniones del profesorado. Se ha preguntado al profesorado si la ayuda recibida por las autoridades académicas ha sido suficiente en lo que respecta a su formación en competencias y prácticas RIEMS; pero también si considera poseer dichas competencias y aplicar adecuadamente estas prácticas en el aula. El trabajo concluye que las opiniones de los docentes sobre la eficacia de las acciones formativas son bastante favorables, y que la capacitación del profesorado sigue siendo un instrumento esencial en la implementación de la reforma, entre otras cosas por su capacidad para socializar a la planta docente en los principios de la enseñanza por competencias.
Tendencias recientes de la vinculación universitaria con el entorno. Desafíos relacionados con una pertinencia social integral
Authors: Espinosa-Munguía María-Socorro
Published: October 2018

La tarea de las universidades públicas, encaminada a preparar a los jóvenes para un futuro marcado por desafíos inéditos propios de la globalización, hace indispensable revisar y reelaborar la operación de esas instituciones, para garantizar el mantenimiento de su pertinencia. Este ensayo propone que, ante el desafío de formar ciudadanos con altos niveles de competitividad, capaces de desenvolverse en un mundo de relaciones globales, economía interdependiente y en permanente transformación, se aborden los aspectos económico, tecnológico y global, pero no de manera aislada sino como parte de una pertinencia social integral.
Incidencia de factores institucionales y de la autoestima en las trayectorias académicas de estudiantes con discapacidad
Authors: Mainardi-Remis Ana-Inés
Published: October 2018

La educación se encuentra frente al desafío de tener que brindar respuestas concretas al reclamo por acciones inclusivas que aborden la diversidad y eliminen las barreras que excluyen y etiquetan las diferencias. Este artículo refleja uno de los hallazgos obtenido en una investigación que incursionó en el conocimiento de factores institucionales y psicosociales (en particular la autoestima) que impactan en el trayecto y rendimiento académico de estudiantes con discapacidad; el estudio se realizó en dos universidades argentinas.Los resultados encontrados pretenden propiciar la reflexión y construcción de ámbitos de intervención que promuevan la participación activa, la revalorización de los derechos humanos y la mejora de nuestros servicios educativos en vista a la real inclusión de las personas con discapacidad.
IN THE LABYRINTS OF MEANING: SUFISM, NEO-SUFISM, NEW AGE
Authors: Vasil'tsov K. S.
Published: October 2018

The article examines the phenomenon of “Western Suﬁ sm”, the complex of spiritual practices and movements, widely spread in Europe and the US in the 1960–1970th. The history of the relationship between the Western society and the Muslim esoteric tradition dates back to the Middle Ages, when the Muslim world had a signiﬁ cant impact on Europe, drawing inspiration and knowledge from the Islamic culture. During the colonial era, Suﬁ sm was viewed by Europeans primarily as “ethnographic exotics”, but in the 1960–1970th together with the general interest in eastern mystical teachings and the advent of “alternative” religious movements, Suﬁ sm (or Neo-Suﬁ sm) acquires the status of Western cultural category, ceasing to be identiﬁ ed with an exclusively Islamic tradition and taking an increasingly universalistic character. Its new adherents become people of diff erent religious beliefs and nationalities.
ON THE CONCEPTION OF ETERNAL CREATION
Authors: Ibrahim T. K.
Published: October 2018

The article deals with the teaching about the permanence of God’s creative activity, which was traditionally considered heterodox, but which is increasingly spreading in modern theology. It gives a detailed analysis of the Qur’anic base of this teaching, rational and philosophical arguments in its favor, as well as the criticism, put forward by its supporters, against the Kalam, i. e. the doctrine of temporal ﬁ nitism
YUSUF AL-QARADAWI’S CONTRIBUTION TO CONTEMPORARY ISLAMIC DISCOURSE
Authors: Mukhetdinov D. V.
Published: October 2018

The article reviews and analyses the ideas of one of the most influential contemporary Islamic scholars, Yusuf Al-Qaradawi (born 1926). The main areas of his work are being mapped out. The paper also investigates Al-Qaradawi’s pioneering ideas in the field of fiqh, and takes note of pragmatic and contextual nature of his legal theory. The scope of the article also includes critical characterisation of the most problematic aspects of Al-Qaradawi’s work. Inner dynamic character of his thought is being particarly highlighted. The author comes to conclusion that a number of conсeptions authored by Al-Qaradawi possess an enduring significance for any adherent of Islam, including those critical of some specific views presented by Egyptian thinker. Those conceptions concern Islamic solidarity, tolerance to minor divergences of opinion, facilitation of religion.
Revisiting public debate on Genetic Modification and Genetically Modified Organisms. Explanations for contemporary Dutch public attitudes
Authors: Hanssen Lucien , Dijkstra Anne , Sleenhoff Susanne , Frewer Lynn , Gutteling Jan M.
Published: October 2018

Genetic Modification (GM) has been a topic of public debates during the 1990s and 2000s. In this paper we explore the relative importance of two hypothesized explanations for these controversies: (i) people's general attitude toward science and technology and (ii) their trust in governance, in GM actors, and in GM regulations, in explaining the Dutch public's Attitude toward GM applications, and in addition to that, the public's GM Information seeking behaviour. This will be conducted through the application of representative survey methodology. The results indicate that Attitudes toward GM applications are best predicted by both the attitude toward science and technology and three trust measures. GM information seeking is predicted by gender and educational level, as well as attitude toward science and technology, trust in organisations and trust in regulations (negative). Overall, psychological variables seem better predictors than demographics. Implications for future research on information seeking behaviour are discussed.
“The Environment Was Like They Were in the Pub But With No Alcohol” –
Authors: Robertson Steve , Carroll Paula , Donohoe Alexandra , Richardson Noel , Keohane Aisling , Kelly Liam , Harrison Michael
Published: October 2018

Men’s health and life expectancy, particularly for those men from lower socioeconomic groups, remains an issue of concern in Ireland. This concern is reflected in the recent National Men’s Health Action Plan where important priority has been placed on finding appropriate ways to garner sustained involvement in health promotion interventions for men. Physical activity (PA) has been shown to be a useful ‘hook’ to assist with such engagement. ‘Men on the Move’ (MOM) is a 12-week, community based, gender-sensitized, PA program established as a pragmatic controlled trial and aimed at improving the health and wellbeing of inactive men. The program was co-created with Local Sports Partnerships (LSP), delivered by experienced PA co-ordinators (PACs), and often supported by local community champions.

This paper reports on the process evaluation of the MOM program using data collected from focus groups with the LSPs and those involved in delivering MOM from all 8 counties that took part. It aims to describe how MOM program activities were delivered, how closely it was implemented as planned, and how well it reached the target population.

Findings highlight the importance of negotiated partnerships at and between national and local levels in terms of providing support, consistent guidance and appropriately branded materials to the LSPs. The underpinning inclusive ethos of MOM, embodied by the PACs, led to the creation of a fun, inclusive and comfortable atmosphere that helped sustain men’s involvement. This was aided by the use of male-familiar settings through which to deliver the program. While PA focused, findings here suggest a much wider impact on mental wellbeing and social connection and that this was achieved in a very cost-effective way. Importantly, men’s health training (ENGAGE) was a key factor in program design and implementation assisting in building capacity among service providers to work with men. Joined up service provision and drawing on existing, trusted, local community networks were vital to recruiting men into the program. Finally, the potential for MOM to signpost and offer an aftercare plan to community support for the men beyond the 12-week program was noted as important particularly where there is increased need of these among more marginalized groups of men.

This process evaluation provides a good example of how health promotion interventions need to recognize and exploit the fact that health and wellbeing are integrally linked to the communities where people live out and experience their daily lives. Ensuring that MOM was embedded within existing community structures, and supported by community champions with the requisite skills and local knowledge, underpinned program success and sustainability.
Validation and Comparison of a Brief Instrument vs a Single-Item Screen to Predict Entry to Family Medicine at Matriculation to Medical School
Authors: Kost Amanda , Cantone Rebecca E. , Schneider Ben , Sairenji Tomoko , Palmer Ryan
Published: October 2018

Background and Objectives: A strong US primary care workforce is necessary to meet health care needs, yet fewer than 9% of allopathic medical students choose family medicine each year. No validated instrument exists to identify students likely to enter family medicine upon medical school matriculation.
Methods: A subset of a larger survey at the University of Washington School of Medicine (UWSOM) was used to create the Family Medicine Interest Survey (FMIS), a 15-item instrument to predict eventual practice in family medicine for a 2003-2007 matriculating cohort. A single-item screen asking about top specialty choice was administered at UWSOM for the same cohort and for a 2006-2012 matriculating cohort of students at Oregon Health & Science University (OHSU). Test performance measures including D (discrimination) and Cronbach α were calculated. Logistic regression determined whether FMIS score or reporting family medicine as the top specialty choice predicted family medicine practice for 601 UWSOM graduates or family medicine residency match for 744 OHSU graduates.
Results: The FMIS is reliable (Cronbach α=0.76). Both tests significantly predicted the probability of entering family medicine. Listing family medicine as the preferred specialty choice yielded a 47% predicted probability for UWSOM graduates entering family medicine. OHSU graduates listing family medicine first had an eightfold odds of matching to family medicine residencies. Combining the two instruments for UWSOM graduates showed a dose-response curve for predicted probability of entering family medicine with increasing levels of interest.
Conclusion: Each screening tool can predict students more likely to enter family medicine upon matriculation.
Opioid Overdose Prevention in Family Medicine Clerkships:
Authors: Gano Laura , Renshaw Scott E. , Hernandez Ruben H. , Cronholm Peter F.
Published: October 2018

Background and Objectives: The national opioid crisis requires medical education to develop a proactive response centering on prevention and treatment. Primary care providers (PCPs)—many of whom are family medicine physicians—commonly treat patients on opiates, and write nearly 50% of opioid prescriptions. Despite linkages between PCP opioid prescribing patterns and the associated potential for overdose, little is known about how family medicine clerkship students are trained to prevent opioid overdose, including training on the use of naloxone. This study describes the presence of opioid overdose education at the national level and barriers to inclusion. It also discusses implementation strategies along with instructional methodology and learner evaluation.
Methods: Data were collected as part of a cross-sectional survey administered electronically by the Council of Academic Family Medicine Educational Research Alliance to 139 family medicine clerkship directors.
Results: A total of 99 clerkship directors (71.2% response rate) responded to the survey. A large majority (86.4%) agreed that it is important to offer opioid overdose prevention education in the clerkship, yet only 25.8% include this topic. Of these, only 50.0% address naloxone use. The most common barriers to including opioid overdose prevention education were prioritization of educational topics (82.1%) followed by lack of available faculty with sufficient experience/expertise (67.7%).
Conclusions: Findings point to a disparity between perceived importance of opioid overdose prevention education and inclusion of this topic in family medicine clerkship-level medical education. Innovative use of online education and partnering with community resources may address barriers related to curricular prioritization while supporting interprofessional education principles.
La UNED frente al reto de intensificar el uso de las tecnologías en el proceso de enseñanza
Authors: Vásquez-Flores Nancy , Ureña-Sandoval Lauren
Published: October 2018

La Universidad Estatal a Distancia (UNED) es la única casa de enseñanza superior en Costa Rica cuya metodología educativa se desarrolla a distancia. Su modelo pedagógico está basado en el aprendizaje autónomo y asincrónico y se apoya en el uso de las tecnologías para su cometido. En este contexto, ella debe responder oportunamente a su población estudiantil. El presente artículo tiene como objetivo explorar la realidad actual en el uso de tecnologías en la UNED, sus beneficios, la percepción por parte de estudiantes jóvenes y el reto frente a las demandas de la población estudiantil, particularmente, los Millennials y la generación Z; así como exponer algunas experiencias internacionales en este campo. La metodología aplicada se basó en entrevistas a estudiantes, autoridades académicas y profesores. También se recurrió a instancias universitarias y documentos.
Diseño curricular basado en competencias para la modalidad abierta y a distancia: creación de la Maestría en Seguridad Alimentaria
Authors: Soto-Espinoza Yschel , Serrano-Arenas Denys , Victorino-Ramírez Liberio
Published: October 2018

El garantizar la seguridad alimentaria es un problema de talla mundial, por lo que surgió la necesidad de crear un programa educativo que coadyuvará en la generación y gestión del conocimiento en materia de seguridad alimentaria propiciando el involucramiento de los niveles intersectorial, gubernamental o privado y, sobre todo, generando proyectos de colaboración. Por ello, a partir de la investigación-acción se trabajó en el escenario de la Universidad Abierta y a Distancia (UnADM) la propuesta de un diseño curricular bajo el enfoque socioformativo por competencias para la Maestría en seguridad Alimentaria; empleándose como fuente de datos una amplia revisión bibliográfica y de otros documentos pertinentes, entrevistas abiertas, un registro anecdótico y la técnica de grupos de discusión. Se espera que la implementación de este diseño de currículo resulte en la capacitación de profesionales capaces de generar acciones para aliviar el hambre y promover el desarrollo rural.
El emprendedurismo desde las expectativas de estudiantes y graduados universitarios en la disciplina de Biología: una mirada desde Costa Rica.
Authors: Jiménez-Umaña Laura , Méndez-Álvarez Ana Lorena
Published: October 2018

El emprendedurismo interno tiene que ver con valores personales y sociales, tales como responsabilidad, iniciativa, creatividad, flexibilidad, trabajo en equipo, liderazgo, capacidad de asumir riesgo, flexibilidad y cooperación. El emprendedurismo externo está orientado a la creación de negocios. Se hará referencia desde Costa Rica, como parte de una investigación realizada por la Investigación Académica de OPES, al emprendedurismo con base en los resultados de la valoración de las expectativas de desarrollo académico y profesional, consultadas a los graduados del Bachillerato en Biología (196) de las universidades estatales, así como a estudiantes avanzados del bachillerato y licenciatura de la disciplina en mención (109). Para la disciplina en Biología y según una investigación de la División Académica, lo referente al emprendedurismo como opción para ingresar al mundo del trabajo no es la aspiración de la mayoría y no se tiene la expectativa de formar una empresa propia, ni trabajar como profesional independiente o dedicarse al área de asesoría. Las expectativas que más se van perfilando desde el principio hasta el fin de la formación, que las evidencian tanto los estudiantes avanzados del Bachillerato y Licenciatura en Biología como los graduados, tienen que ver con obtener un posgrado, dedicarse a la investigación y trabajar en una institución pública, en otras palabras, ser asalariado. Pareciera importante para Costa Rica poderle dar un valor agregado a la sólida formación impartida en el área de las Ciencias Básicas en las universidades estatales, especialmente, en la disciplina de Biología y poder desarrollar, a la par de la cultura de la excelencia académica, la cultura del emprendedurismo.
Educación holográfica y heurística
Authors: Salazar-Aguilar José Pablo
Published: October 2018

El presente ensayo es una crítica al problema de la calidad de la educación con una propuesta integral que sintetiza tanto los obstáculos para alcanzar la idoneidad del proceso enseñanza – aprendizaje, como los factores críticos fundamentales que requiere el sistema país. En una comparación de tres naciones (Finlandia, Singapur y Canadá), representativas de tres continentes y calificadas como modelos educativos en relación con el arquetipo actual costarricense, se logran dilucidar las reformas imperativas e integrales desde la individualidad hasta la sociedad, política, cultura y medioambiente. La educación como proceso natural no se enclaustra en un recinto, sino en todo espacio-tiempo, y promueve la construcción y deconstrucción del conocimiento desde todas las perspectivas posibles.
Características de un proyecto educativo innovador: un reto académico a nivel de maestría
Authors: Rodríguez-Brenes Kattia Rebeca , Velázquez-Díaz Martín , Conejo-Vargas Jeffrie
Published: October 2018

El presente artículo es realizado por tres estudiantes de la Maestría en Tecnología e Innovación Educativa (MATIE) de la Universidad Nacional de Costa Rica (UNA). Expone conceptos y características relacionadas con la innovación  en la educación, las cuales permitirán orientar las prácticas académicas de aquellas personas que deseen iniciar un proyecto innovador dentro de un contexto educativo, especialmente, si se es parte del proceso formativo en la Maestría en Tecnología e Innovación Educativa (MATIE) de la Universidad Nacional (UNA), pues es parte de los requisitos de graduación. Para llevar a cabo este aporte académico, se realizaron revisiones bibliográficas de términos, se consultaron documentos oficiales, se presentaron experiencias de los participantes de la maestría y se entrevistó a personas académicas, administrativas, docentes y egresadas de la MATIE, con el fin de generar una visión concreta sobre las características, las ventajas y la gestión que debe contener un proyecto innovador. En esta investigación, es fundamental el concepto de innovación educativa. Explica Francisco Imbernón (1996), que “la innovación educativa es la actitud y el proceso de indagación de nuevas ideas, propuestas y aportaciones, efectuadas de manera colectiva, para la solución de situaciones problemáticas de la práctica, lo que comportará un cambio en los contextos y en la práctica institucional de la educación”.  Asimismo, a partir de información recabada entre docentes, administrativos y estudiantes de la MATIE, se prevé perfilar a la persona innovadora, sus características y su desempeño en diversas actividades relacionadas con el desarrollo tecnológico, y su aplicación en múltiples niveles y modalidades de la educación. Como conclusión, la MATIE propicia la oportunidad de desarrollar y aprovechar las TIC para el diseño, la construcción y la evaluación de entornos de aprendizaje presencial, bimodal y virtual. Así, se impulsa que sus egresados sean gestores de entornos de aprendizaje en línea, que promuevan la superación de barreras y limitaciones que la educación enfrenta, en aras de generar nuevos escenarios y gestionar procesos que faciliten nuevos modelos y estrategias de formación.
Calculation of absorbed dose due to the 90Y-DOTATOC peptide receptor radionuclide therapy by MCNP5/X
Authors: Jeremic Marija , Matovic Milovan , Pantovic Suzana , Nikezic Dragoslav , Krstic Dragana
Published: October 2018

Strong beta emitters, like 90Y, 177Lu labelled peptide, are used for treatment of neuroendocrine tumours where there is a good expression of somatostatin receptors. In this work, MCNP5/X computer software and ORNL human phantoms were used to calculate absorbed dose due to 90Y labelled DOTATOC in the peptide receptor radionuclide therapy. Tumour was considered as a sources of beta radiation and represented as a sphere with diameter of 1-4 cm and 5 cm in liver, pancreas, and lungs. Results are expressed as absorbed dose per unit of cumulated activity, S ? value in units mGy?(MBq?s)?1. The far largest dose is in tumour itself, then in organ which contains the tumour. Doses in other organs, where the metastasis are the most frequent, due to the bremsstrahlung radiation, are much smaller and could be neglected. The largest dose, 8.66?10?3 mGy?(MBq?s)?1 was obtained for tumour with size of 3 cm.