bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
In a digitally connected world through Likes, Hashtags and Followers — Advancing surgical research through a social media: A narrative review
Authors: Sabah Uddin Saqib  , Qamar Riaz  , Russell Seth Martins  , Amna Riaz  , Hasnain Zafar
Published: February 2022

In this era of modern information technology, the world is now digitally connected through various platforms on social media, which has also changed the way medical professionals work, communicate and learn. The use of social media in surgery is expanding, and it is now becoming an essential tool for surgical training, research and networking. Articles, journal clubs and surgical conferences are within reach of everyone regardless of geographical location worldwide. Electronic publicationshave now resoundingly replaced printed editions of journals. Collaborative research through social media platforms helps collect diverse data, enhancing the research's global generalisability. The current narrative review was planned to discuss the importance of social media in advancing surgical research and the use of different social media applications in the context ofpromoting and disseminating surgical research alongside its evolving ethical challenges.

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PakSurg: The first trainee-lead model for multicenter surgical research collaboration in Pakistan
Authors: Waqar Usama , Shaheer Ahmed  , Ronika Devi Ukrani  , Maheen Mansoor  , Sadaf Khan  , Syed Ather Enam
Published: February 2022

We describe creation and piloting of the PakSurg Collaborative, devised via integration of existing traineeled collaborative models in the United Kingdom with the resource-limited surgical care in Pakistan. This is the first trainee-lead surgical research collaborative in Pakistan, established by the student-lead Surgery Interest Group from the Aga Khan University. The project involved creation of a model that included a steering committee comprising of five teams which worked in conjunctionwith collaborators from multiple hospitals. To facilitate this collaboration, a comprehensive and cost-efficient study management pathway was developed. The PakSurg Collaborative has the potential to deliver methodologically robust, high-quality, multicentersurgical evidence from Pakistan. This nationally representative data could inform evidence-based surgical guidelines, potentially translating into improved outcomes for patients undergoing surgery.

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The effect of resistance exercise on quality of life and fatigue in patients with gynecological cancer
Authors: Şenışık Seçkin , Yörük İhsan , Bilgi Ahmet
Published: February 2022

Objective: It is known that the quality of life decreases and fatigue increases in cancer patients due to the disease and the effects of treatment. Regular exercise can significantly improve these complaints. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of resistance exercises on quality of life and fatigue in patients with gynecological cancer.

Materials and Methods: Patients who completed gynecological cancer treatment were randomized to form the exercise group (n=80) and the control group (n=80). Quality of life and cancer-related fatigue were determined by means of Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General and Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Fatigue, in order, as primary outcome measurements. Body mass index (BMI), body fat ratio, hand grip strength, hip and back extensor group muscle strength were determined as secondary outcome measurements.

Results: At the end of the study, significant improvements were observed in the quality of life (p<0.001) and fatigue (p<0.001), as well as body composition and strength values (p<0.001) in the exercise group compared to the control group. The levels of change in the values were more significant in the exercise group (p<0.001). A significant correlation was found between the changes in physical parameters (body fat ratio, BMI) and the changes in quality of life and fatigue levels (p<0.001).

Conclusions: It was revealed that resistance exercises could significantly reduce cancer-related fatigue and improve quality of life in patients with gynecological cancer. It can be concluded that resistance exercises can contribute to the treatment process and the patient’s quality of life.
Sejarah dan Perkembangan Pesantren Modern Ummul Quro Al-Islami Bogor
Authors: Ali Agus , Ahmad EQ Nurwadjah , Suhartini Andewi
Published: February 2022

This article aims to discuss the history and development of the modern Islamic boarding school Ummul Quro Al-Islami Bogor including: history, founder profile, goals, vision and mission. By using a descriptive qualitative method. Based on the results of research on integrated curriculum management at the Modern Islamic Boarding School Ummul Quro Al-Islami, it can be concluded as follows: (1) The history of the modern Islamic boarding school Ummul Quro Al-Islami Bogor was founded by KH. Helmi Abdul Mubin, Lc with a capital of 250 thousand rupiah, was motivated by the arrival of a delegation from Australia to the Islamic boarding school where he taught to find an ustadz who was good at English to teach religion in the Australian Muslim community (2) KH. Helmi Abdul Mubin, Lc as the founder of the modern Islamic boarding school Ummul Quro Al-Islami Bogor is a Madurese son born on March 23, 1956, the first of four children of the late Abdul Mubin and Musyaroh, who spent his childhood in Prenduan Madura, after graduating from Pragaan Elementary School in Sumenep last continued his education at the modern Gontor boarding school in Ponorogo, East Java. (3) The purpose of establishing the modern Islamic boarding school Ummul Quro Al-Islami Bogor is to participate in building a just and prosperous society and republic of Indonesia and receive the pleasure of Allah SWT, forming a generation of Muslims who excel in academic and non-academic achievements as a provision to continue to higher education. and or live independently, produce a generation of Muslims who are polite in speech and behavior, create a generation of Islam with a social spirit (serving the community) and grow a generation of Muslims who are diligent in carrying out mandatory and sunnah worship based on the understanding of ahlussunnah wal jama'ah. The vision of the modern Islamic boarding school Ummul Quro Al-Islami Bogor is the realization of a generation of Muslims who excel in achievement, have noble character, do good deeds and diligently worship according to the teachings of Islam Ahl as-Sunnah wa al-jama'ah, as for the mission of the modern Islamic boarding school Ummul Quro Al-Islami Bogor namely providing quality education in achieving academic and non-academic achievements, preparing cadres of ulama and community leaders who are mutafaqqih fi ad-diin with the understanding of Ahl as-Sunnah wa al-jama'ah, preparing competent Islamic generations (science, skills, social behavior, sincere faith) to take part in the international world and educate generations of Islam who are obedient to Allah and His Messenger and have a sense of responsibility towards themselves, their family, society and country.

Keyword: History, Development and Modern Islamic Boarding School
Benchmark Fonksiyonları için Altın Kartal Optimizasyon Algoritmasının Parametrelerini Optimize Etme
Authors: BEŞKİRLİ Mehmet , TEFEK Mehmet Fatih
Published: February 2022

Bu çalışmada, Altın Kartal Optimizasyon (AKO) algoritmasının performansını iyileştirmek için AKO algoritmasının parametreleri optimize edilmiştir. Bu sayede algoritmanın parametresinin en iyi değerinin elde edileceği ve elde edilen parametre değerleri için algoritmanın daha kararlı bir işlem gerçekleştireceği öngörülmektedir. Algoritmanın parametre optimizasyonu birçok çalışmada kullanılmaktadır. AKO algoritmasının iki farklı parametre değeri vardır. Bu parametreler sırasıyla saldırı ve seyirdir. Seyir parametre değeri [0.5-1], saldırı parametresi değeri [0.5-2] arasındadır. Algoritmanın her bir parametre değeri için 23 farklı kıyaslama fonksiyonu üzerinde deneysel çalışmalar yapılmıştır. Deneysel çalışma sonuçlarında en iyi parametrelerin değerleri belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Unimodal benchmark test fonksiyonlarında seyir parametresi 0.75 değeri ile iyi sonuçlar elde etmiştir. Saldırı parametresi ise fonksiyonlara bağlı olarak 1.5'e yaklaştığında optimum sonuca doğru yakınsadığı tablo ve grafiklerde verilmiştir. Benzer şekilde, multimodal kıyaslama testi sonuçlarında, seyir parametresi 0.75 değeri ile benzer şekilde iyi sonuçlar hesaplamıştır. Fonksiyonların özelliklerine bağlı olarak, değer 1.5'e yaklaştıkça saldırı parametresinin değerinin daha iyi bir çözüm bulduğu tablo ve grafiklerde gösterilmiştir.
Pendidikan Agama Kristen dan Tuntutan Kualitas SDM Menghadapi Persaingan Masyarakat Global
Authors: Tabrani Ahmad , Harefa Ida Destariana
Published: February 2022

This research was conducted with a literature review that fully searches for literary sources such as book, research journals related to research topics and several articles and news sources. The analysis is presented descriptively to discuss the condition of Indonesia’s human resources in the midst of changing times and how Christian education can contribute to build innovative human resources. The conclusion is that Christian education not only emphasizes Christian dogmas, but must be able to bring students to understand their vocation and role in society. Christian education not only shapes the character of students, but must develop the potential in students. This can be done if educators see and treat students as individuals who have large amount of potential to be discovered, grateful for and developed. The learning process that is indoctrination must begin to be abandoned and replaced with a learning process that helps students to search and find knowledge. Christian education that applies an empowering learning process by training high-level thinking patterns where the thinking process is analytical, evaluative and creative thinking. Thus students are prepared to have the ability to innovate.
Traditional Leaders’ Perspectives on the Risk Factors of Alcohol Abuse Amongst the Youth: The Case of Oshikango in the Ohangwena Region of Namibia
Authors: Freeman Rachel Johanna , Makhubele Jabulani Calvin , Matlakala Frans Koketso , Chilwalo Beatrice Namoonga , Rapholo Selelo Frank , Ananias Janetta Agnes , Svinurai Anesu , Hasheela Miriam Winnie , Hamuse Ndanyakuwa Ilonga Tiberia , Mafa Prudence
Published: February 2022

Traditional leaders in Oshikango perceive alcohol abuse amongst the youth as one of the greatest challenges of our time. Alcohol abuse amongst the youth is seen as an emergent concern in Namibia, which affects society in terms of high risk behaviours such as crime, violence, absenteeism, and school dropouts. This qualitative study was aimed at exploring and describing traditional leaders’ perspectives on the risk factors of alcohol abuse amongst the youth in Oshikango in the Ohangwena region of Namibia. In this qualitative study, in-depth, face-to-face interviews were conducted with traditional leaders by means of purposive sampling method. An exploratory research design was utilized. Permission to conduct the study was granted by the Ministry of Education, Arts and Culture and ethical approval was obtained from the University of Namibia’s ethical approval committee. Participation was voluntary and based on informed consent. Data were collected with the aid of a semi-structured interview guide. The interviews were transcribed verbatim and field notes were taken. Thematic analysis was used to analyse and interpret the data. The main theme on social determinants revealed that a combination of risk factors, such as excessive alcohol abuse amongst the youth in Oshikango relate to loss of life; stealing; peer delinquents; peer pressure and that parental and familial substance abuse contribute a lack of good role models as well as youth capitalizing on the ignorance of their parents. The study concluded that these social determinants play a significant role in contributing to the risk factors of alcohol abuse amongst the youth in Oshikango. This study therefore recommends that in order to combat alcohol abuse amongst the youth, emphasis should be placed on strategies that address parental and familial alcohol abuse, low parental monitoring, peer norms, peer drinking, peer influence, peer delinquency, programme interventions on how to address these factors at individual, family and society level, as well as law reform and law enforcement.
The crux of agitations in Nigeria a striking danger to economic development: A philosophical purview
Authors: Onwuatuegwu Ignatius Nnaemeka , Nwagu Nkemjika
Published: February 2022

Too many agitations leading to civil disobedience and violent protest from diverse groups have arisen in Nigeria. Recently, there were EndSARS (nationwide), the Revolution-Now (West), protest by Indigenous People of Biafra (IPOB) (South-East) and Amotekun in the West. These agitations and their consequences are inimical to national development. This study in consideration of the failing state of affairs in Nigeria explored lack of national political philosophy as the primary cause of the agitations and highlighted critical elements of lack of political philosophy to include; marginalization of all sorts, abuse of human rights, brazen disregard to institutionalized federal character principles, corruption of all sorts, and insecurity as the most critical elements depicting lack of political philosophy. Anchored on Prebendal theory or prebendalism and Frustration-Aggression theory, the study contends that when approach to leadership sacrifices meritocracy in the management of her resources in such that the “want-get-ratio” falls, the consequent frustration which erupts in the catalyzing agent of agitations. The finding from the study exploration is indicative that the current presidential system which concentrated power at the center is ill-fated political philosophy judging from ethnic and religious diversities of Nigera. The study recommends that the clamour for restructuring should be promoted as it will define Nigeria’s political philosophy along conflict areas which will determine her nation building policies and socio-economic development.
Challenges of teaching outdoors in the Romanian core procurement cycle
Authors: Torkos Henrietta , Egerau Anca
Published: February 2022

In the formal and non-formal educational systems in Romania, outdoor education has been a subject of great interest in the last few years. However, its use, was highly debated, because of the lack of knowledge on the topic, lack of information on the benefits, and mostly the fear of confronting the challenges that come with its implementation. This last challenge, comes into account because of the lack of a specific frame regarding this topic in the scholar national curriculum. The present article, presents the main challenges that can come with the implementation of outdoor education and its activities in the frame of the formal educational system, at the level of core procurement cycle.  In the study, there is an analysis on the main elements of outdoor education that are present in the scholar curriculum at this level. Also, it presents the results of a brief research on the beliefs of primary school teachers from Arad County, on the most important challenges that they face when implementing outdoor learning activities in schools. The research was made using the survey method, with the use of the instrument: questionnaire, in the school year 2020-2021, on a number of 77 teachers.
Preparedness of the Bantul District Regional Disaster Management Agency for the tsunami at Parangtritis Beach, Indonesia
Authors: Kharimah Islamia , Legowo Endro , Bangun Ernalem , - I Dewa Ketut Kerta Widana
Published: February 2022

The subduction zone in southern Java Island causes areas in the south of Java Island prone to tsunami disasters. Bantul District is located in south of Java Island. Parangtritis Beach in Bantul District has the highest number of visitors than other beaches in D.I.Yogyakarta Province. As an area visited by many local and foreign tourists, preparedness needs to offer to local communities and tourists. In order to when a disaster occurs, there are not many casualties, both from local communities and tourists. This study uses parameters from LIPI-UNESCO/ISDR (2006). The result of this study is that the preparedness of the Regional Disaster Management Agency of Bantul Regency to face the tsunami disaster has an index value of 93.99 which means it is very ready. However, preparedness effort has not been carried out optimally and thoroughly. Preparedness is still a priority for the local community and has not prioritized tourists.
Analysis of the influence of the coronavirus pandemic on elderly people
Authors: Chirugu Gianina
Published: February 2022

The main aim of the paper is to analyse and present the main effects of the coronavirus pandemic on the elderly. Numerous studies published in the last two years presenting the situation of the elderly during the pandemic have been analysed and compared. The results obtained show that by nature of internal and external factors, the elderly are vulnerable and fragile, which is why this category of population is the most exposed to the psychological, social, medical and economic effects of the pandemic. The loneliness and isolation of the elderly and their limited access to various services have led to real trauma for them. In order to survive the unprecedented conditions, the elderly have developed adaptive coping mechanisms to cope with the crisis situations generated
SISTEM MANAJEMEN MUTU MADRASAH UNTUK TERTIP PROTOKOL KESEHATAN DI MASA PANDEMIK COVID-19 TAHUN 2021
Authors: Hermawansyah Hermawansyah
Published: February 2022

Kalau di kaji secara prinsip perkembangan teknologi dan pendidikan yang mumpuni, Indonesia adalah salah satu Negara yang masi dalam tahap perkembangan dalam menumbuh kembangkan sistem pendidikan secara teknologi digital, sehingga ketika pandemi terjadi indoneia terlihat kesulitan dalam mengkonstruksi sistem  manajemen pendidikannya sehingga terlihat secara terpaksa untuk merubahnya dengan kondisi ada yang menerima ada juga yang tidak, namun hal ini pemangku pendidikan dan lembaga pendidikan seindonesia harus lapang dada menerima perubahan ini disebabkan oleh bencana yang terjadi. Salah satunya sekolah MA Nurul Ihsan Kota Bima mengambil langkah perubahan itu walau atauran yang di ambil hanya menggeser tekning dan tatacara yang ada.

Penulis Ini menggunakan pendekatan Fenomenologi dan studi kasus dengan jenis penelitian kulitatif , dengan menggunakan kumpulan data, observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi agar data tersebut bisa dianalisis secara falid.

Adapun temuan dalam penelitian ini yaitu: MA Nurul Ihsan merupakan sekolah yang ada di kota yang memiliki siswa berada di pelosok pedesaan yang tidak mungkin untuk melaksanakan proses pembelajaran secara daring dan luring, di sebabkan oleh keterbatasan jarigan internet, hp android dan fasilitas guru lainnya yang tak memadai.  Persoalan inilah MA Nurul Ihsan dengan adanya fasilitas asrama yang memadai melakukan isolasi mandiri terhadap siswanya, sehingga tetap melakukan proses pembejaran tatap muka dengan ketentuan protocol kesehatan yang ketat sesuai dengan ketentuan yang berlaku yang di atur oleh mentri kesehatan Negara tersebut.

Kata Kunci: Manajemen  Mutu, Madrasah,  Protokol  Kesehatan,  Pandemik Covid-19
Effect of Organic Manures on the Growth and Yield Attributes of Spinach Beet (Beta vulgaris var bengalensis) at Low Hills of Uttarakhand
Authors: Kaintura Alice , Singh Suneeta , Saxena Anil Kumar
Published: February 2022

A field experiment was planned and conducted during 2020-21 at Horticulture Research Block, Department of Horticulture, School of Agricultural Sciences, SGRR University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand to investigate the “Effect of different organic manures on the growth and yield attributes of spinach beet at lower hills of Uttarakhand”. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with three replications and nine treatments including various organic manures at different concentrations. Observations on various growth and yield attributes were recorded at regular intervals. Studies on vegetative and yield attributes were recorded using standard method of measurements. Among all the organic treatments, soil application with Farmyard manure (5kg) + Vermicompost (2.5kg) + foliar spray of Vermiwash (25%) was sown the significant improvement in plant height (cm), number of leaves per plants, length of leaves (cm), width of leaves (cm), petiole length (cm), root length (cm) and yield than other treatments.
The Influence Of Calcium And Nitrogen Fertilization On The Freezing And Salinity Tolerance Of Two Urban Tree Species
Authors: Percival Glynn , Barnes S.
Published: February 2022

Two field trials were undertaken to determine the influence of fall fertilization using two commercially available, calcium-based fertilizers (calcium nitrate, calcium nitrate borate) and a high-nitrogen fertilizer (N:P:K = 24:7:7), at a range of concentrations, on the freezing and salinity tolerance of two urban tree species, evergreen oak (Quercus ilex) and holly (Ilex aquifolium). In both the 2001 and 2002 field trials, fertilization with calcium nitrate and calcium nitrate borate at a concentration of 40 g/m2 (0.12 oz/ft2) increased the freezing and salinity tolerance of both species as measured by leaf chlorophyll fluorescence, electrolyte leakage, and chlorophyll content. In addition, calcium fertilization at this concentration significantly increased total plant dry weight recorded at the cessation of the experiment. Application of both calcium fertilizers at concentrations of less than 40 g/m2 provided no significant protectant properties. Applications of more than 40 g/m2 proved phytotoxic to the two test species. Irrespective of concentration, applications of N:P:K (24:7:7) fertilizer did not enhance or increase susceptibility to freezing and salinity damage compared to nonfertilized controls. However, N:P:K (24:7:7) fertilization significantly increased leaf chlorophyll content and total plant dry weight. Results indicate that fall applications of calcium nitrate and calcium nitrate borate at 40 g/m2 can increase the freezing and salinity tolerance of evergreen oak and holly.
Pruning Type Affects Decay And Structure Of Crapemyrtle
Authors: Gilman Edward , Knox Gary
Published: February 2022

Lagerstroemia ´ 'Natchez' trees were topped, pollarded, or not pruned for 4 consecutive years. The first time trees were pruned in 1998, pollarding required more time than topping. However, the time required to top trees increased in each subsequent year; pollarding time remained the same for each year. Longitudinal sections through stems showed that barrier zones and decay extended farther behind heading cuts on topped trees 5 years after the initial pruning than with the cuts on pollarded trees. Trees in the topping treatment formed a visible, dark-colored barrier zone along the cambium present at the time of wounding, averaging 74 cm (2.5 ft) in length, originating from the heading cuts made through 4- to 5-year-old wood. Barrier zone length on pollarded trees was only 1.8 cm (0.7 in) behind the original heading cuts through 2- to 3-year-old wood. Topping trees resulted in a sixfold increase in the volume of wood contained in dead stubs in the canopy compared to pollarding trees. Topping increased the need for cleaning the canopy of dead branches. A collar formed at the base of sprouts that were less than 0.64 the diameter of the largest sprout 5 years after the original heading cuts on trees in the topped treatment.
Palm Root Growth and Implications for Transplanting
Authors: Hodel D.R. , Pittenger D.R. , Downer A.J.
Published: February 2022

Palms need active root and shoot growth to establish quickly after transplanting. For many palm species, roots grow most abundantly during warmer months and occur within 30 cm (12 in.) of the trunk. Thus, palms can be transplanted year-round in warm regions where air and soil temperatures are nearly always sufficient to ensure adequate root and shoot growth. However, in regions with cool seasons, palms are best transplanted at the beginning of the warm season. For most species, root balls with a 30 cm (12 in.) radius from the trunk and 30 cm (12 in.) deep are adequate because they capture over half the roots. The few species that must grow nearly all their new roots from the trunk after transplanting need a root ball only large enough to protect the root initiation zone, about 15 cm (6 in.) out from the trunk. Species that grow about 30% or more of their roots below 30 cm (12 in.) deep would probably benefit from a deeper root ball, about 60 cm (24 in.) deep.
Wound Closure In Trees Affected By Paclobutrazol
Authors: Bai Shuju , Chaney William , Qi Yadong
Published: February 2022

Experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of paclobutrazol on closure of wounds made through the bark or resulting from pruning branches in nine species of trees. The species studied were American sycamore (Platanus occidentalis L.), black walnut (Juglans nigra L.), European black alder (Alnus glutinosa L.), red oak (Quercus rubra L.), sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua L.), white ash (Fraxinus americana L.), white oak (Q. alba L.), white pine (Pinus strobus L.), and yellow poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera L.). Paclobutrazol was applied using either the soil drench or soil injection method. Circular wounds (2 cm [0.8 in.] diameter) were made in the bark on the main stem, and branches were pruned from treated and untreated trees at the time of paclobutrazol application in the spring. The rate of wound closure was determined one, two, and three growing seasons after treatment. The rate of bark wound closure was reduced in paclobutrazol-treated black walnut, European black alder, red oak, sweetgum, and white oak. There was no difference in the rate of closure of wounds in the bark of treated and untreated American sycamore, white ash, white pine, or yellow poplar. The rate of pruning wound closure was reduced in black walnut, European black alder, red oak, sweetgum, and white oak, but was not influenced by paclobutrazol treatment in white ash, white pine, or yellow poplar. The inhibitory effect of paclobutrazol on closure of both bark and pruning wounds in some species persisted at least 3 years.
Characteristics Of Urban Forestry Programs In Utah, U.S.
Authors: Kuhns Michael , Lee Brook , Reiter Douglas
Published: February 2022

Urban/community forestry programs in Utah, U.S., were studied; a questionnaire was sent to community forestry contacts in every incorporated community in the state in summer 2002. Respondents reported on program support, budget, management authority and practices, strengths and weaknesses, and training and information needs. Program support from residents, town officials, and employees was fairly strong, with 80% indicating some support. One-quarter of towns have a tree board and celebrate Arbor Day. Towns obtain assistance from nurseries or tree care businesses, Extension, and state forestry, in that order. Two-thirds of communities have a tree-related budget, with a mean budget of US$44,000 and a median budget of $3,000, averaging $2.58 per resident and $25.16 per tree. Total budget generally increased with population, but the smallest towns had the largest per capita and per tree budgets. Most towns spend enough to qualify for Tree City USA's requirement of $2 per capita. The ratio of spending for maintenance versus planting increased from 0.6 for small towns to 4.1 for larger cities. Just under two-thirds of communities have forestry programs. The average number of public trees per town is about 2,300 (median 150), with numbers of trees increasing as population increased, but with trees per capita generally decreasing as population increased, ranging from 0.21 to 0.43 trees per person.
Urban Park And Forest Participation And Landscape Preference: A Comparison Between Blacks And Whites In Philadelphia And Atlanta, U.S.
Authors: Elmendorf William , Willits Fern , Sasidharan Vinod , Godbey Geoffrey
Published: February 2022

Previous research has documented the existence of differences in the attitudes and behaviors of Blacks and Whites in American society toward urban parks and forest areas. However, many of these studies were carried out a decade or more ago and/or most focused on specific parks or localized areas. Data from a recent survey of residents in two metropolitan areas in the eastern United States allowed for updating of this research record. Using analysis of variance and covariance, consideration was given to racial differences between Blacks and Whites, regional differences between cities, and the effects of various socio-demographic characteristics on residents' park preferences and participation. Racial differences were similar to those reported by previous researchers, and these differences did not vary markedly between the two metropolitan study sites. These distinctions, combined with racial differences in subjects' expressed willingness to volunteer time to develop/maintain local park settings, suggest the importance of understanding the differing perspectives and actions of multi-ethnic user groups in urban park and forest management and maintenance.
Survey on Machine Learning Techniques used for Fruit Disease Detection
Authors: Mayuri Satish Jadhav  , Pooja Vijaykumar Shinde  , Kavita Kondiram Margale  , Janhavi Gajanan Gosavi  , Shrikant A. Shinde
Published: February 2022

Deep structured learning or hierarchical learning or deep learning in short is part of the family of machine learning methods which are themselves a subset of the broader field of Artificial Intelligence. Each successive layer uses the output from the previous layer as input. Deep neural networks, deep belief networks and recurrent neural networks have been applied to fields such as computer vision, speech recognition, natural language processing, audio recognition, social network filtering, machine translation, and bioinformatics where they produced results comparable to and in some cases better than human experts have. CNN are applied for deep feature extraction and LSTM is used to detect the class based on extracted features. Deep learning technique that would sort the fruit into abnormal and normal based on the feature such as fruit color, number of fruit spots , and shapes of the fruit, The proposed system achieved an accuracy of 98.17%, The susceptibility of disease detection was less with lesser availability of enhanced detection methods for detecting disease in earlier stages. The issue with various existing algorithms is that the accuracy was reduced so some problems not eliminated. Deep learning delivers methodologies, approaches and functionalities that can help to resolve analytic and predictive analysis accurately.
Gênero nos currículos dos cursos de licenciatura e bacharelado em Educação Física nas universidades públicas de Minas Gerais
Authors: Ramalho Carla Chagas , Santos Juliana Valéria Souza , Cardoso Fernanda de Souza , Pereira Marina Graziele Mendes
Published: February 2022

Neste trabalho, o objetivo principal foi analisar se as propostas curriculares dos cursos de licenciatura e bacharelado em Educação Física (EF) das universidades públicas do estado de Minas Gerais trabalham as questões de gênero em suas ementas. Utilizando as fontes documentais, em um estudo quantitativo e qualitativo, buscamos pelo descritor “gênero” nas ementas e nos nomes das disciplinas. Nosso resultado demonstrou uma carência da temática nos currículos, uma falta sobre o tema nas disciplinas direcionadas ao esporte, sendo um achado positivo o fato das disciplinas de lazer discutirem sobre gênero. Concluímos que seria interessante mais pesquisas como essas em outros territórios brasileiros para ampliarmos a visão da Educação Física no cenário nacional. Apontamos também para a urgente demanda que deve ser dada às questões de gênero na sociedade em busca de reduzir não só as opressões de gênero, mas também todas as demais que as cercam.
Development and Validation of Spectrophotometric Methods for Simultaneous Estimation of Cefixime Trihydrate and Linezolid in Tablet Dosage Form
Authors:   Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Channabasweshwar Pharmacy College, (Degree) Latur., Wale Risha
Published: February 2022

A new, simple, rapid and novel spectrophotometric method has been developed for simultaneous estimation of cefixime trihydrate and linezolid. For this, simultaneous equation method is used. The method involved measurement of absorbance at two wavelengths, 250 nm and 286 nm, λ max of linezolid and cefixime trihydrate respectively. This method obeys Beer’s law in the employed concentration ranges of 2-12 μg/ml for both cefixime trihydrateand linezolid. The proposed method is recommended for routine analysis since it is rapid, simple, accurate, specific and also sensitive. This paper describes the development and validation of UV spectroscopic method for simultaneous estimation of cefixime trihydrate and linezolid in Tablet dosage form.
TP 78 An Interactive Genetic Algorithm and Machine Learning approach for validating the effect of preheated air combustion on fuel consumption of oil-fired industrial furnace
Authors:   Department of Mechanical Engineering ITM University, Gwalior-474001., R. K. Jain DR.
Published: February 2022

This paper presents an interactive approach of Genetic Algorithm and Machine Learning being used as tool for optimizing the Fuel Consumption of oil-fired rotary furnace operating with 20% preheated excess air. The author has attempted to solve a crucial problem of optimizing fuel consumption in ferrous foundries. Based on experiments carried on a self-designed and developed 200 kg rotary furnace in a foundry, it was found that crucial operating parameters like preheated excess air not only affects the flame temperature and melting rate but also significantly the fuel consumption An attempt has been made to establish a correlation between fuel consumption as output parameter and all others as input parameters It is expected that this model may prove practically beneficial for industry by estimating the effect of input process parameters for predicting the fuel consumption The results of Genetic Algorithm and Machine approach correlates with the experimental results
Influence of Artocarpus heterophyllus in benzopyrene induced lung cancer
Authors:   Department of Biochemistry, Dr. N.G.P Arts and Science College, Coimbatore- 641048, Tamil Nadu., M Thiruselvi.
Published: February 2022

Lung cancer a deadliest cancer worldwide and the most common cancer in the whole of Asia. The present study focused on the protective efficacy of Artocarpus heterophyllus in benzopyrene induced lung toxicity in C57BL/6 Mice. Mice were orally induced with benzopyrene and treated with hydroethanolic extract of spermoderm of Artocarpus heterophyllus (HESA) at a dose of (50mg/kg.b.wt and 100mg/kg.b.wt). The oral administration of HESA effectively suppressed lung cancer as revealed by the decrease in the extent of haematological parameters with concomitant decrease in the activities of serum markers. Significantly protein expressions of p53 and Bcl2 in the lung tissue were further confirmed that coadministration of the extract treatment however downregulated their expressions by decreasing the marker of positively stained cells and restored the histopathological alteration of lung tissue. Our results suggest that HESA can be used as a protective agent against benzopyrene induced lung cancer.
Effectiveness and Safety of Etanercept in Iraqi Patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis
Authors:   Ministry of Health  Baghdad Health Department Almadain General Hospital  Iraq, Hamid Hussein Dr. Majid
Published: February 2022

Background: Ankylosiong spondylitis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disease that present as inflammation of the vertebrae and joints for which there is currently no cure, the aim of treatment is mainly symptomatic, maintain the functions and manage the complication. Etanercept is a biopharmaceutical component that treats autoimmune disease by interfering with tumor necrosis factor alpha soluble receptor. Objective: To assess the effectiveness and safety of Etanercept in Iraqi ankylosing spondylitis patients. Patients and methods: This was a single group open labeled observational study including 75 Iraqi patients with modified New York criteria of ankylosing spondylitis were recruited, patients received etanercept. And followed for 3 consecutive visits; 1 month, 3 months and 6 months. Disease activity was assessed at each visit by Bath ankylosing spondylitis disease activity index (BASDAI) and Bath ankylosing spondylitis function index (BASF!) for patients .The patients whom refused to participate, stopped the treatment or withdraw from the study and those whom loss to follow up were excluded from the study. Results: The mean age of patients was 35.2 ± 10 years, males represented 92% of the cases, and the Mean disease duration was 9.29 ± 7. l years. A highly significant decrease in BASFl and BASDAI, as compared to baseline, bad been found. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed no significant association between each of age of the patients, disease duration, HLA-B27, fa1nily history of Psoriasis/IBO, NSAIDs intake and duration of smoking with changes in BASDAI, BASFI and functional class. Conclusion: Etanerceptis effective and relatively safe in treatment of ankylosing spondylitis patients.
Mecasermin (Increlex)
Authors: Reimbursement Team
Published: February 2022

CADTH recommends that Increlex should be reimbursed by public drug plans for the treatment of treatment of growth failure in children and adolescents from 2 to 18 years with confirmed severe primary insulin-like growth factor-1 deficiency (SPIGFD) if certain conditions are met.

Increlex should only be covered to treat patients who are at least 2 years of age with confirmed diagnosis of SPIGFD and in whom epiphyseal growth plates have not yet closed.

Increlex should only be reimbursed if prescribed by a pediatric endocrinologist, if it is not prescribed in combination with recombinant growth hormone treatment, and the price of Increlex is reduced.
DAMPAK BANTUAN PROGRAMCORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY (CSR) PT AGRICON TERHADAP PENDAPATAN/KESEJAHTERAAN PETANI JAGUNG DI BOGOR, JAWA BARAT
Authors: Azhar Azhar
Published: February 2022

Penelitian ini menstudi tentang pengaruh bentuk implementasi program CSR perusahaan terhadap penurunan tingkat kemiskinan di pedesaan yaitu pendapatan petani yang mendapatkan program CSR Jagung Silase dari PT Agricon. Lokasi penelitian adalah Wilayah kerja PT Agricon di Desa Gajlug, Kabupaten Tangerang, Provinsi Banten serta Kabupaten Bogor yaitu di Desa Bungur dan Desa Bantar Kambing, Kecamatan Ciseeng. Penelitian ini bersifat explanatory study dan korelasional dengan metode survei. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan korelasi positif yang menggambarkan bahwa variabel Program CSR PT Agricon, citra perusahaan, partisipasi masyarakat dan proses pemberdayaan dapat meningkatkan kesejahteraaan petani.
Pemanfaatan Limbah Cangkang Telur dan Tanaman Yodium (Jatropha mulitifida L) sebagai Salep Antiseptik Alami
Authors: Saputra Muhammad Hamdani , Jaka Jaka , Nuraeni Reni , Pazra Debby Fadhilah
Published: February 2022

Cangkang telur berfungsi mempercepat penyembuhan luka karena tersusun atas protein kalsium karbonat sekitar 95%. Yodium mengandung senyawa-senyawa kimia berpotensi sebagai antibakteri seperti tanin, alkaloid, flavonoid dan juga saponin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah kombinasi serbuk cangkang telur dan tanaman yodium dapat dijadikan salep. Salep dibuat dengan kombinasi serbuk cangkang telur dan ekstrak tanaman yodium dengan konsentrasi 15%, 20%, 25%, dan 30%. Parameter uji dilakukan dengan 5 macam uji yaitu uji organoleptik, uji daya sebar, uji pH, uji homogenitas dan uji aktivitas secara in vivo. Uji organoleptik dilakukan dengan cara menganalisis bau, bentuk dan warna pada sediaan salep. Uji daya sebar dilakukan dengan cara memberi beban kepada sediaan salep. Uji pH dilakukan dengan melihat derajat keasamaan pada sediaan salep. Uji homogenitas dilakukan dengan melihat tingkat homogenitas sediaan salep. Uji secara in vivo dilakukan pada ayam lokal sebanyak 21 ekor yang diberi luka sayat sebesar 1,5 cm selama 14 hari, diameter penyembuhan luka dianalisis menggunakan Analysis Of Variant dan dilanjutkan dengan analisis Duncan. Hasil uji daya sebar memperlihatkan bahwa sediaan salep yang diberikan beban yang semakin berat menghasilkan diameter yang semakin lebar. Uji organoleptik memperlihatkan bahwa kualitas yang dihasilkan cukup baik ditandai dengan sediaan salep setengah padat, salep berbau khas ekstrak  yang digunakan dan berwarna seperti ekstrak. Hasil uji in vivo menunjukkan bahwa salep efektif dalam menyembuhkan luka. Konsetrasi terbaik adalah dengan formulasi 30% karena menunjukan hasil yang paling cepat dalam proses penyembuhan luka. Hasil ini menunjukkan limbah cangkang telur dan daun yodium dapat dijadikan sebagai salep antiseptik alami terhadap penyembuhan luka.
Capacity Of Rice Farmers In Accessing People's Credit (KUR) In Pameungpeuk District, Garut Regency, West Java
Authors: Nurholis Muhamad Sandi , Anwarudin Oeng , Makhmudi Maspur
Published: February 2022

The Ministry of Agriculture has a strategic flagship program to improve the well-being of farmers. One of its programs is People's Business Credit (KUR). The KUR program is expected to be a solution for farmers in providing financial capital from formal financial institutions. Capitalization is a major issue facing farmers. Capital constraints also result in lower quantity and quality of yield. Thus, farmers still have low accessibility of farmers to KUR. This is because farmers consider capital access to formal financial institutions difficult and they need to have a reserve. All this time farmers have been relying on collectors and non-bankers for capital raising. Farmers need to lend capital to cultivators because they are the only easy solution to working capital. This study aimed to describe the capacity of rice farmers in accessing People's Business Credit (KUR) and to analyze the factors that influence the capacity of farmers in accessing the CURS sample of 54 people with purposive sampling technique. The research variables consisted of respondents 'characteristics, support for counseling services, social support and farmers' capacity. Data analysis techniques use descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression analysis statistics. The results can be concluded that the capacity of rice farmers in accessing KUR is in the high category. Farmers' capacity is influenced by long-term entrepreneurship, counseling service support and social support.
Analisis Perubahan Perilaku dan Usaha Dalam Kaji Terap Good Farming Practices dan Aplikasi Sidik di Kecamatan Panjalu Kabupaten Ciamis
Authors: Aldi Prayoga  , Wardani  , Arif Nindyo Kisworo
Published: February 2022

Penyediaan sapi potong dan daging sapi dalam negeri selama ini 97,7% berbasis peternakan rakyat. Pertumbuhan produksi daging sapi (supply) dalam negeri selama 2005-2013 terus meningkat, namun belum mampu mengimbangi laju permintaan (demand) sehingga diperlukan impor. Oleh karenanya perlu adanya sistem pemeliharaan sapi potong secara intensif melalui agribisnis penggemukan sapi potong yang baik (good farming practice). Berdasarkan latar belakang tersebut, maka tujuan yang hendak dicapai ialah : 1). Mengidentifikasi tingkat perubahan pengetahuan, sikap dan keterampilan peternak. 2). Menganalisis usaha tani dalam kaji terap GFP dan aplikasi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu    metode kuantitatif dengan cara pengambilan data melalui metode wawancara melalui kuesioner terstruktur dari 30 responden. analisis data menggunakan analisis penyuluhan (rumus Padmowihardjo,1999), dan analisis Usaha (perhitungan tingkat pendapatan). Kaji terap dilaksanakan selama 40 hari di Kelompoktani Gentra Pusaka Tunas Muda, yang terdiri dari 3 perlakuan yaitu kontrol (P0) penggemukan sapi secara tradisional. Perlakuan kedua (P1) penggemukan sapi dengan GFP. Sedangkan perlakuan ketiga (P2) yakni peternak menerapkan GFP + Aplikasi Sidik Peternakan. Evaluasi pelaksanaan penyuluhan diperoleh hasil : Terjadi perubahan pengetahuan sebesar cukup berhasil 39,58 %, keterampilan cukup berhasil 37,39 %, dan sikap cukup berhasil 41,39%. Analisis Usaha diperoleh hasil P0 = Rp.1.214.400,00, P1 = Rp.1.376.600,00, dan P2 = Rp.1.571.000,00. Dapat disimpulkan penerapan GFP dan Aplikasi Sidik Peternakan dapat direkomendasikan untuk usaha penggemukan sapi potong.

Kata Kunci: aplikasi Sidik, penggemukan sapi potong, good farming practice
Evaluation of interactive and prescribed agricultural ammonia emissions for simulating atmospheric composition in CAM-chem
Authors: Vira Julius , Hess Peter , Ossohou Money , Galy-Lacaux Corinne
Published: February 2022

Abstract. Ammonia (NH3) plays a central role in the chemistry of inorganic secondary
aerosols in the atmosphere. The largest emission sector for NH3 is agriculture,
where NH3 is volatilized from livestock wastes and fertilized soils. Although
the NH3 volatilization from soils is driven by the soil temperature and moisture,
many atmospheric chemistry models prescribe the emission using yearly emission inventories
and climatological seasonal variations. Here we evaluate an alternative approach where the
NH3 emissions from agriculture are simulated interactively using the process model
FANv2 (Flow of Agricultural Nitrogen, version 2) coupled to the Community Atmospheric
Model with Chemistry (CAM-chem). We run a set of 6-year global simulations using
the NH3 emission from FANv2 and three global emission inventories (EDGAR, CEDS and
HTAP) and evaluate the model performance using a global set of multi-component
(atmospheric NH3 and NH4+, and NH4+ wet deposition) in situ
observations. Over East Asia, Europe and North America, the simulations with different
emissions perform similarly when compared with the observed geographical patterns. The
seasonal distributions of NH3 emissions differ between the inventories, and the
comparison to observations suggests that both FANv2 and the inventories would benefit from
more realistic timing of fertilizer applications. The largest differences between the
simulations occur over data-scarce regions. In Africa, the emissions simulated by FANv2
are 200 %–300 % higher than in the inventories, and the available in situ observations
from western and central Africa, as well as NH3 retrievals from the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI)
instrument, are consistent with the higher NH3 emissions as simulated by
FANv2. Overall, in simulating ammonia and ammonium concentrations over regions with
detailed regional emission inventories, the inventories based on these details (HTAP,
CEDS) capture the atmospheric concentrations and their seasonal variability the
best. However these inventories cannot capture the impact of meteorological variability
on the emissions, nor can these inventories couple the emissions to the biogeochemical
cycles and their changes with climate drivers. Finally, we show with sensitivity
experiments that the simulated time-averaged nitrate concentration in air is sensitive to
the temporal resolution of the NH3 emissions. Over the CASTNET monitoring network
covering the US, resolving the NH3 emissions hourly instead monthly reduced the
positive model bias from approximately 80 % to 60 % of the observed yearly mean nitrate
concentration. This suggests that some of the commonly reported overestimation of aerosol
nitrate over the US may be related to unresolved temporal variability in the NH3
emissions.