bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Partisipasi Perempuan Suku Sasak dalam Meningkatkan Ekonomi Keluarga di Dusun Medas Desa Obel-Obel Kecamatan Sambelia Kabupaten Lombok Timur
Authors: Sartika Erni , ZM Hamidsyukrie , Dahlan Dahlan
Published: January 2019

Permasalahan yang dikaji dalam penelitian ini adalah : (1) Bagaimana Pembagian Kerja dalam Rumah Tangga Suku Sasak di Dusun Medas Desa Obel-obel? (2) Bagaimana Partisipasi Perempuan Suku Sasak dalam Meningkatkan Ekonomi Keluarga   di  Dusun   Medas   Desa   Obel-Obel?.   Penelitian  ini  menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif. Teknik penentuan sampel dalam penelitian ini menggunakan purposive sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan  adalah w aw ancara,  observasi,  dan dokumentasi.  Tehnik analisis data penelitian  ini  meliputi  reduksi  data, penyajian  data, dan penarikan  kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahw a (1) Pembagian Kerja dalam Rumah Tangga Suku  Sasak  di  Dusun  Medas Desa  Obel-obel  tidak  mempengaruhi  pekerjaan utama menjadi ibu rumah tangga dalam bekerja sebagai buruh tani dan pedagang, karena mereka dapat membagi w aktu untuk mengerjakan tugas utamanya sebagai seorang  istri untuk  menyelsaikan  pekerjaan  rumah,  adapun pekerjaan  suaminya diantaranya  sebagai  (a)  buruh  tani  (b)  kuli  bangunan  dan (c) sebagai  nelayan. Namun   penghasilan   yang   didapat   suami   masih   kurang   dalam   memenuhi kebutuhan  lainnya  maka  dari itu istri ikut bekerja untuk membantu menambah penghasilan  suami  agar  kebutuhan  sehari-hari  yang  lain  dapat  terpenuhi.  (2) Partisipasi  perempuan dalam meningkatkan ekonomi keluarga di Dusun Medas Desa Obel-obel meliputi (a) bekerja sebagai pedagang (b) bekerja sebagai buruh tani harian (c) bekerja sebagai petugas kebersihan dan (d) bekerja sebagai penjual sembako.  AbstractThe research problems of this study are: (1) How the division of labor in female household  Sasak tribal at Medas Obel-obel? (2) How the participation of Sasak w omen in improving family economy at Medas Obel-Obel?. This research used qualitative  approach w ith descriptive method. The technique in determining  the sample  of  this study  w as purposive  sampling. Data collection techniques w ere interview s, observation and documentation. Data analysis techniques of this study w ere data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion. The results of this study indicated  that (1) The division of Sasak Household  Work at Medas Village of Obel-obel Village does not affect the main job of being a housew ife in w orking as a farm laborer and trader, because they can divide the time to do her main duties as a w ife to  finish her  homew ork, such as (a) farm  laborers  (b) construction laborers and (c) as fishermen. But the income earned by husbands is still lacking in other needs so the w ife w ork to help the husband's income so that other daily needs can be fulfilled. (2) The participation of w omen in improving  the family economy at Medas Village of Obel-obel Village includes (a) w orking as a trader (b) w orking as a daily farm laborer (c) w orking as a janitor and (d) w orking as a seller of basic needs. Keywords: Participation, Women and Family Economy
Implementasi Pembelajaran PPKn Berdasarkan Kurikulum 2013 di SMP Negeri X Lingsar
Authors: Pratiwi Sari Endri , Sulaimi Mumbrita , Yuliatin Yuliatin
Published: January 2019

Tujuan penelitian  ini untuk  mengetahui penerapan pembelajaran PPKn berbasis kurikulum 2013. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Pengumpulan data melalui metode dokumentasi, observasi, dan w aw ancara. Hasil penelitian ini adalah 1) Persiapan yang sudah dilakukan oleh SMPN X Lingsar dan guru PPKn melalui sosialisasi dan pelatihan Kurikulum  2013 belum sepenuhnya dapat mendukung implementasi Kurikulum 2013 karena guru PPKn kelas VII dan VIII SMPN X Lingsar kurang memahami secara komprehensif dalam menyusun perencanaan  pembelajaran,  kurang  mampu  menerapkan  perencanaan pembelajaran  dalam  kegiatan  pelaksanakan  pembelajaran  dan  belum mampu menilai  proses dan hasil belajar sisw a belajar sesuai dengan tuntutan Kurikulum 2013,   2)  Perangkat  pembelajaran  yang  digunakan oleh  guru  PPKn  belum sepenuhnya lengkap sesuai dengan tuntutan Kurikulum 2013, 3) Pelaksanaan pembelajaran  PPKn berdasarkan Kurikulum  2013 belum sepenuhnya terlaksana sesuai dengan Rancangan Pembelajaran, 4) Penilaian proses dan hasil belajar yang dilakukan  oleh guru PPKn belum  terlaksana sesuai dengan tuntutan Kurikulum 2013. AbstractThe purpose of this study to know the implementation Curriculum 2013 PPKn learning   process.  This  study  used   a  qualitative  descriptive  approach.  Data collection techniques w ere used: documentation, observation, and interview . The results of  this study  w ere 1) Preparations are alread y carried out by SMPN X Lingsar  and  teachers PPKn through socialization and training Curriculum  2013 has not been fully able to support the implementation of Curriculum  2013 for teachers  PPKn   class   VII   and   VIII   SMPN   X   Lingsar   less   understood comprehensively  in planning learning, less able to apply the learning plan in the activities of implementing  learning and have not been able to assess the process and learning outcomes of students studying in accordance w ith the demands of Curriculum 2013, 2) Devices of learning used by teachers PPKn yet fully complete in  accordance  w ith  the  demands  of  Curriculum  2013,  3)  implementation  of learning PPKn based Curriculum 2013 w as not carried out in accordance w ith the design of  learning,  4)  learning  process  and  results do ne by teachers terlaksna PPKn not in accordance w ith the demands of Curriculum 2013.Key words: Implementation Curriculum 2013, and Pancasila and civic education
Pengaruh Model Double Loop Problem Solving terhadap Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Siswa Kelas X pada Mata Pelajaran PPKn
Authors: Yuliana Yuliana , Ismail Ismail , Rispawati Rispawati
Published: January 2019

Tujuan  penelitian  ini  adalah  untuk  mengetahui  ada  tidaknya  pengaruh model Double Loop Problem Solving terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa kelas X pada mata pelajaran PPKn. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian Quasi Eksperimen dengan nonequivalen  control  group  desigen. Instrument  yang  digunakan  dalam  penelitian  ini adalah tes bentuk pilihan ganda sebanyak 22 soal untuk mengukur kemampuan berpikir  kritis   sisw a.  Data   hasil   kemampuan   berpikir  kritis  sisw a  diambil menggunakan tes pilihan ganda yang telah memenuhi persyaratan instrumen penelitian.   Hasil   penelitian   menunjukkan   bahwa pada  tarap signifikan  5%, artinya hasil penelitian menunjukkan baw a ada pengaruh model Double Loop Problem Solving terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis sisw a kelas X pada mata pelajaran PPKn. AbstractThe purpose  of this research is to know  w hether there is influence of Double Loop  Problem  Solving model to critical thinking ability of class X students of civic   education   subject.  This  research  is  Quasi Eksperiment   research  w ith nonequivalen  control  group  design.  The instrument  used  in this research is a multiple choice test consist of 22 questions to measure students' critical thinking ability. The data on students' critical thinking abilities w ere picked using a multiple choice test that has met the requirements of the research instrument. The results show ed that at 5% significant level, w hich mean that there w as an influence model of Double Loop Problem Solving on the critical thinking skills of first grade students in Civic Education subject.Keywords: Double Loop Problem Solving, Critical Thinking
Hepatotoxicity and Histological Evaluation of Aqueous and Methanolic Leaf Extracts of Thaumatococcus Daniellii and Alchornea Cordifolia in Wistar Rat Models
Authors: Ideasspread.org Service @ , I. J. Okafor , E. O. Nweke , O. Ewa
Published: January 2019

This study was carried out to ascertain the hepatotoxic potential of T.daniellii (T.d) and A. cordifolia (A.c). Investigations were conducted using standard methods. Oral administration of 200mg/kg aqueous leaf extracts of T.daniellii caused a non-significant increase in the activity of ALT (5.43±0.60IU/L), AST (16.93±0.26 IU/L) and ALP (160.70±1.04 IU/L) compared to the values recorded on the normal control (group I) ALT (3.84±0.16 IU/L), AST (14.19±0.52 IU/L) and ALP (157.26±0.64 IU/L). Group III administered with 200mg/kg methanolic leaf extract of T. daniellii manifested a significant elevation in the activity of ALT (13.15±0.89 IU/L), AST (22.84±0.38 IU/L) and ALP (170.40±0.44 IU/L) compared to the normal control. Similarly, groups IV and V which were orally administered with 200mg/kg aqueous and methanolic leaf extracts of A. cordifolia showed significant increase in the activity of ALT (6.32±0.33U/L), AST (17.70±0.030U/L) and ALP (161.13±0.09U/L) and ALT (7.55±0.59U/L), AST (19.35±0.26U/L) and ALP (165.38±0.35U/L) respectively compared to the values recorded on the control (group I). In conclusion, drug development protocols involving T. daniellii leaf should preferably use water as an ideal solvent. On the other hand, the hepatotocity associated with both aqueous and methanolic extracts of A. cordifolia could imply the presence of hepatotoxins in the leaf of the said plant.
Osallistava pedagogiikka liikuntakasvatuksessa
Authors: Lehto Satu
Published: January 2019

Lasten ja nuorten kasvaneet hyvinvointi- ja terveyserot sekä syrjäytymisen uhka ovat kohdistaneet yhteiskunnallista keskustelua lasten ja nuorten yhdenvertaisuuteen ja suunnanneet resursseja ennaltaehkäisyyn kuten koulun kerhotoiminnan kehittämiseen. Tämän tutkimuksen aineisto on kerätty alakoulun liikuntakerhoista. Niihin olivat saaneet kutsun lapset, joilla ei ollut ohjattua liikuntaharrastusta. Tutkimuksen tavoitteena on ymmärtää paremmin osallisuuden tukemista liikuntakasvatuksessa. Minkälaiset asiat liikuntakerhossa mahdollistavat lasten mielestä mieluisan liikuntakerhokokemuksen ja miten lasten osallisuutta tuetaan liikuntakerhossa? Tarkastelun apuna käytetään bell hooksin kehittämää osallistavaa pedagogiikkaa (engaged pedagogy), jonka tavoitteena on luoda tasa-arvoinen oppimisyhteisö. Koulun kerhot osoittautuivat osallisuuden tukemiselle otolliseksi liikuntaympäristöksi. Liikuntakerhojen yhdenvertainen ja turvallinen ilmapiiri rohkaisi lapsia oman mielipiteen ilmaisuun ja aktiivisen roolin ottamiseen kerhon toiminnasta sekä tuki yhdessä tekemisen kulttuuria.
Sosiaalinen luottamus ryhmäilmiönä
Authors: Maunu Antti
Published: January 2019

Tutkin artikkelissa sosiaalisen luottamuksen muodostumista ryhmäprosessina. Käsitteellistän sosiaalista luottamusta relationaalisesti ja intersubjektiivisesti vuorovaikutuksessa kehkeytyvänä ilmiönä, ja pidän sitä keskeisenä resurssina yhteiskuntaan ja sen yhteisöihin kiinnittymisessä. Empiirisenä tapaustutkimuksena hyödynnän kahden ammatillisen opiskelijaryhmän (A ja B) vuorovaikutusta ryhmähaastattelutilanteessa. Aineiston analyysissa sovellan keskustelunanalyysin työkaluja. Ryhmä A:ssa puheenvuorot ja vuorovaikutukseen osallistuminen jakautuivat epätasaisesti eikä ryhmällä ollut valmiuksia säädellä itse omaa yhteistoimintaansa. Ryhmä B ilmeni vuorovaikutuksen suhteen tasapuolisena sekä ruokki jäsentensä yhteistyötä, aktiivista osallistumista ja tuotti myönteistä palautetta kaikille ryhmän jäsenille. Esitän, että ryhmä B antaa jäsenilleen ryhmä A:ta paremmat valmiudet sosiaaliseen luottamukseen sekä sitä tukeviin toimintatapoihin. Keskeiseksi selittäväksi tekijäksi ryhmien vuorovaikutuksessa nousi oppilaitosten ja ryhmänohjaaja-opettajien panos ja rooli ryhmien yhteistyökyvyn rakentajina. Sosiaalipedagogiikan ja koulutuspolitiikan näkökulmasta tulokset kertovat, että sosiaalista luottamusta sekä laajemminyhteisöllisyyttä ja yhteisöihin kasvamista on mahdollista ohjata ja harjoitella aktiivisesti. Koulut ja oppilaitokset ovat luonteva toimintaympäristö tehdä tätä, mutta se edellyttää oppilaitosten henkilökunnalta valmiuksia ja resursseja.
Mass-forming cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Suttichaimongkol Tanita , Tangvoraphonkchai Kawin , Pisanuwongse Arin
Published: January 2019

Cholangiocarcinoma is the second most common primary liver cancers. It is arising from epithelial cells of the biliary tract. It has been categorized to intrahepatic and extrahepatic. The Intrahepatic orperipheral cholangiocarcinoma can be presented as mass-forming, periductal infiltrating and intraductal growth. Many patients of mass-forming cholangiocarcinoma have symptoms such as abdominal pain about 85% but some patients don’t have any symptoms. This is the difficult cancer to diagnose. While patients were having any symptom, the disease was an advanced stage (unresectable). The diagnostic tools for assess this disease are imaging modalities include ultrasound (US), computed tomography (CT) with contrast, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with contrast. However, the goal standard for confirm diagnosis is tissue pathology. This article showed a case presentation and reviewed the imaging appearance of mass-forming cholangiocarcinoma.

 

Figure 1  Axial non-contrast (A), axial contrast enhanced in arterial phase (B), axial contrast enhanced in portal venous phase (C) and axial contrast enhanced in 5-minute delay phase (D) CT scans show a large ill-defined hypodense mass at hepatic segment 7/8, about 7.0x7.0x5.0 cm in APxLxH diameter, which has poor enhancement on arterial phase with gradual progressive enhancement on portal venous and 5-minute delay phase. Coronal contrast enhanced in portal venous phase CT scan (E) shows mass confined in peripheral area of right hepatic lobe with hepatic vein abutment.
A man with history of heavy alcoholic drinking
Authors: Pakvisal Piyapoom , Sanpavat Anapat , Komolmit Piyawat
Published: January 2019

A 33-year-old Thai man presented with fever and jaundice for 10 days. He had history of significant alcohol intake. Physical examination revealed tender hepatomegaly and signs of chronic liver stigmata. Laboratory results showed: TB 17.5 mg/dL; DB 13.1 mg/dL; AST 230 IU/L; ALT 77 IU/L; ALP 332 IU/L; albumin 2.5 g/dL; globulin 3.9 g/dL; PT 13.4 sec. Serum immunologic test were negative for HAV, HBV, HCV and HEV. The histological result from liver biopsy was compatible with alcoholic steatohepatitis. Maddrey’s discriminant function was 79. Prednisolone 40 mg/day was prescribed. The clinical and liver function tests gradually improved after treatment.

 

Figure 1 พยาธิสภาพของชิ้นเนื้อตับ

(A) ย้อม H&E (20x) พบ Macrovesicular steatosis, Ballooning hepatocyte & Mallory-Denk bodies (วงกลมสีแดง), Lobular inflammation with neutrophilic infiltrate (วงกลมสีดำ), Canalicular cholestasis (ลูกศร) 

(B) ย้อม H&E (40x) พบ Ballooning hepatocytes และ Mallory-Denk bodies (ลูกศร)

(C) ย้อม Masson’s trichrome พบ Fibrosis stage 4
Systemic therapy in unresectable HCC
Authors: Sainamthip Panot , Chirapongsathorn Sakkarin
Published: January 2019

For decade, systemic treatments in advanced stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), except sorafenib, were not very effective even though there were tremendous effort in developing new therapy. Until last 2 years, Nivolumab, the new immune check point inhibitor, has shown promising activity in phase I/II study and have been approved by USFDA to treat patients in first and second line due to their benefits on overall survival and the adequate safety profile. Not only nivolumab, but also lenvatinib; multikinase inhibitor, is approved in advanced HCC due to a positive impact on the overall survival. Still sorafenib is the drug that have been used to treat unresectable HCC for over 10 years with best benefits on overall survival and the adequate safety profile in selected patients. Therefore, this article was to reveal all the data about systemic therapies that were used in advanced stage HCC include indication, dosage, patient and drug’s profile and safety. The strategy to precisely select treatment for advanced or unresectable HCC is now more challenging than ever before because there were many promising drugs available in the market. Thus, as a clinician, we are responsible to gather all the important information from patients to choose the best treatment option not only to prolong survival but to achieve complete response in these metastasis liver cancers.

 

Figure 1  ยาที่ได้รับการรับรองจากองค์การอาหารและยาของประเทศสหรัฐอเมริกาในการรักษามะเร็งตับระยะลุกลาม

มะเร็งตับระยะ B หมายถึง มะเร็งตับระยะ Intermediated แบ่งตาม Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer 

มะเร็งตับระยะ C หมายถึง มะเร็งตับระยะ Advanced แบ่งตาม Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer
A young adult with biliary atresia and liver decompensation
Authors: Pitisuttithum Panyavee , Komolmit Piyawat
Published: January 2019

Biliary atresia is a progressive fibro-obliterative disease of the bile duct, commonly diagnosed within a few months of life. After hepatoportoenterostomy was successfully performed, about one fourth of biliary atresia patients have grown up to the age of twenty with their native liver. However, progression to liver cirrhosis, development of portal hypertension, or cholangitis are the major problems of adult with biliary atresia. Monitoring of these complications and listing for liver transplantation whenever indicated are the key when caring adult with biliary atresia.

 

Figure 1  แสดง CT abdomen พบว่ามีตับโต และมีลักษณะของตับแข็งและ ภาวะความดันของระบบหลอดเลือด portal สูงขึ้น (collateral vessels, splenomegaly, ascites) พบการขยายตัวของท่อน้ำดีในตับ (multifocal dilated ducts and peribiliary cysts along bilateral intrahepatic ducts) และต่อมน้ำเหลืองโตในช่องท้อง (mesenteric, gastrohepatic, hepatoduodenal, aortocaval, para aortic, right anterior diaphragmatic, lower paraesophageal lymph node ขนาดสูงสุด 1.8 ซม.)
Rootstock Incision Type and the Origin of Bud on the Scion Influence the Success Rate of Budding Propagation of “Rimau Gerga Lebong” Tangerine
Authors: Dhini Debby R , Hermansyah Hermansyah , Supanjani Supanjani
Published: January 2019

The development of citrus crops is directed to produce tangerine plants that lead to substitute imported fruits by the development of budding seedlings technique using local varieties citrus.  This research was conducted in November 2016 until March 2017 in citrus nursery of Horticultural Seed Center of Pematang Donok Village, Kabawetan Sub-district, Kepahiang Regency, Bengkulu Province.  The research was arranged in a Completely Random Design with combination of two treatments, the first treatment was the origin of bud on the scion plant, they were E1 (upper part of the shoot scion), E2 (middle part of the shoot scion), E3 (basal of the shoot scion).  The second treatment was cut type on the rootstock, they were J1 (H type), J2 (Forkert slice), J3 (T wedge).  The treatment was repeated three times, so there were 27 experimental units.  Each experimental unit consisted of 10 liners, so there were 270 liners of the experiment.  The result of this research showed that incision types of H model and Forkert model, as well as the bud originated from the middle and the basal part of shoot scion were good to support the success rate of budding propagation of Rimau Gerga Lebong (RGL) tangerine.
[Mn(H2O)2]4[HNC5H4(COO)]2[C6H2(COO)4]2·4H2O — A Three-dimensional Coordination Polymer with Guest Water Molecules in Channel-like Voids
Authors: Köferstein Roberto
Published: January 2019

Single crystals of [Mn(H2O)2]4[HNC5H4(COO)]2[C6H2(COO)4]2·4H2O have been prepared in aqueous solution at 55 °C. Space group P-1 (no. 2), a = 999.7(2), b = 1314.4(2), c =1645.8(2) pm, α = 101.096(8)°, β = 92.796(14)°, γ = 96.03(2)°, V = 2.1053(5) nm3, Z = 2.There are four unique Mn2+ which are coordinated in a distorted, octahedral manner by twowater molecules, three oxygen atoms of the pyromellitate anions and one oxygen atom of isonicotinic acid (Mn—O 208.6(2) — 227.3(3) pm). The connection of Mn2+ and [C6H2(COO)4]4— yields a three-dimensional coordination polymer with two different, channel-like voids extending parallel to [110]. The first channel accomodates water molecules, the second channel is filled by isonicotinic acid molecules. Thermogravimetric analysis in air revealed that the loss of water of crystallisation occurs in two steps between 97 and 200 °C. The dehydrated sample was stable between 200 and 340 °C. Further decomposition yielded Mn3O4.
Preparation and characterization of nano-sized magnesium ferrite powders by a starch-gel process and corresponding ceramics
Authors: Köferstein Roberto
Published: January 2019

The synthesis and characterization of nano-sized MgFe2O4 by a starch-gel methodis described herein. A phase-pure nano-sized MgFe2O4 powder (1a) was obtained aftercalcining a (MgFe)-starch gel at 550 °C. The powder has a specific surface area of 60.6 m2/gand a crystallite size of 9 nm. TEM investigations reveal particles in the range of 7 to 15 nm.The activation energy of the crystallite growth process was calculated as 89 ± 14 kJ/mol. Theshrinkage and sintering behaviour of resulting compacts were studied. UV−VIS investigationsof the nano-sized powder 1a reveal an optical band gap of 2.38 eV, whereas calcination at1100 °C (powder 1g) leads to a crystallite size of 129 nm and a band gap of 2.16 eV.Magnetization loops at 300 K and the temperature dependence of both the field-cooled (FC) and the zero-field-cooled (ZFC) magnetization indicate a superparamagnetic behaviour. The blocking temperature for powder 1a was determined as 140 K at a field of H = 500 Oe. Wefound different saturation magnetizations (Ms) depending on the calcination temperature. Calcination at 550 °C (1a) results in Ms = 20.0 emu/g which increases with calcinationtemperature to a maximum of 37.7 emu/g for powder 1e calcined at 900 °C. Ceramic bodiessintered between 1450 and 1600 °C exhibit Ms values of 25−28 emu/g. Magnetic investigations at 10 K on powders 1a−1g show hysteresis loops with coercivities up to 950Oe, remanences to 10 emu/g and Ms values to 50.4 emu/g. Additionally, the nano-scaled powders show a shift of the hysteresis loops.
PRATIWI LINTANG SEJATI 165100079
Authors: Sejati Pratiwi Lintang
Published: January 2019

Toconnectfrom DelphitoAccesscanbethroughtwoways,whichcanbethroughBDE(BorlandDatabaseEngine)andcanalsobeviaADO(ActiveXDataObject).IfyouaregoingtoconnecttoAccessusingADO,thenthemethodis: InserttheADOConnectioncomponent(intheADOpalette)ontheform. WewillconnecttotheODBCDatasourcenamedDATAKULIAHthatwas created previously,then change the properties ofthe ADOcomponentsasbelow TheCONNECTEDpropertywassuccessfullygivenaTruevalue,meaningthattheconnectionwassuccessful.CongratulationsoncreatingadesktopprogramusingDelphi.
The Application of Interactive Task Based Learning For EFL Students of UNISMUH Makassar.
Authors: Syatriana Eny
Published: January 2019

Speaking plays an important role in the production of a variety of languages, it can be in form of discussions, speeches, debates, argumentation, conversation, story telling and retelling. However this study aims to develop a learning strategy based on Task Based Learning that can improve speaking ability. The Research questions are (1) what learning strategy is appropriate to increase the students speaking skills? (2) How is the student achievement under the implementation of task-based learning (3) is the application of task-based learning effective in improving students ability to speak? The study consists of (1) need analysis, (2) design strategy, (3) implementation, and (4) evaluation. The study will be implemented over three steps using the design development research. The principles and procedures are using qualitative and quantitative. The participant of the research was a speaking class subject of UNISMUH. The study concludes that although the participants have show their ability to speak using task based learning but improvement is needed to increase fluency, acuracy, flexibility, comprehensibility appropriately and effectively to make thier speaking better. Recomendation to English lecturur also given as pedagogical implication of this study.
Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Characterization of Two Novel One- and Two-Dimensionally Polymeric Copper(II) Phosphonoacetates
Authors: Köferstein Roberto
Published: January 2019

Blue single crystals of Cu[μ2-OOC(CH2)PO3H].2H2O (1) and Cu1.5[μ3-OOC(CH2)PO3].5H2O (2) havebeen prepared in aqueous solution. 1: Space group C2/c (no. 15) with a = 1623.3(2), b = 624.0(1), c = 1495.5(2)pm, beta = 122.45(1)°. Cu is coordinated by three oxygen atoms stemming from the hydrogenphosphonoacetatedianion and three water molecules to form a distorted octahedron. The Cu-O bonds range from 190.4(3) to278.5(3) pm. The connection between the Cu2+ cations and the hydrogenphosphonoacetate dianions leads to atwo-dimensional structure with layers parallel to ( 01). The layers are linked by hydrogen bonds. 2: Space group(no. 2) with a = 608.2(1), b = 800.1(1), c = 1083.6(1) pm, alpha = 94.98(1)°, beta = 105.71(1)°, gamma = 109.84(1)°.There are two crystallographically independent Cu2+ cations coordinated in a square pyramidal and an octahedralfashion, respectively. The Cu-O bonds range from 192.9(2) to 237.2(2) pm. The coordination of thephosphonoacetate trianion to Cu(1) results in infinite polyanionic chains parallel to [100] with a composition of{Cu(H2O)[OOC(CH2)PO3]}nn-. Hydrated Cu(2) cations are accommodated between the chains as counter ions. 1and 2 show structural features of cation exchangers. Magnetic measurements reveal a paramagnetic Curie-Weiss behaviour. Compound 2 shows antiferromagnetic coupling between Cu2+ ions due to a super-superexchangecoupling. The UV/Vis spectra of 1 suggests three d-d transition bands at 763 nm (2B1 - 2E), 878 nm (2B1 -2B2), and 1061 nm (2B1 - 2A1). Thermoanalytical investigations in air show that compound 1 is stable up to 165°C, whereas the decomposition of 2 begins at 63 °C.
Pengaruh Pemberian Vitamin C terhadap Jumlah Sperma Mencit Jantan Dewasa yang Dipapari Monosodium Glutamat
Authors: Siregar Julahir H , UISU FK
Published: January 2019

The Present study is aim to investigate the effect of vitamin C to sperm concentration of mice which are induced by monosodium glutamate (MSG). Is there any effect on reactive oxygent species (ROS) after giving of MSG treatment? Is it possible vitamin C to reject ones troughtout antioxidant? Adult mice (n=5/group) are divided into five groups. All the experimental procedures and animal maintenance confirm to the strict guideness of institutional animal athics commitee. The amount of sperm is not significantly difference in experimental groups compared with control group. MSG administratio to increase free radical. The sperm concentration insignificantly difference because MSG does not decrease intratesticular testosterone, so it will not affect the process of spermatogenesis.
Challenges and facilitators for early career researchers completing systematic or scoping reviews in the health sciences: A Scoping Review Protocol
Authors: Ayala Ana Patricia , Sikora Lindsey , Kirtley Shona , Labelle Patrick R. , Lenton Erica
Published: January 2019

An increasing number of systematic reviews (SysRev) are being published in health sciences and medicine; however, many are poorly conducted or reported.Strategies are needed to help reduce this avoidable waste in research . Systematic reviews can help decision makers interpret the deluge of published biomedical literature. However, a SysRev or scoping review may be of limited use if the methods used to conduct them are flawed, or if reporting is incomplete.At each stage during the systematic or scoping review cycle, different challenges can arise, especially for a novice researcher. All knowledge syntheses, once past the stage of question formulation, begin with the literature search. Librarians are in a strategic position to uncover issues regarding a researcher’slevel of preparedness in conducting these types of studies. From this vantage point, librarians can have a significant impact by teaching researchers about practices to properly report findings, as well as by raising awareness about which methodology might be more appropriate for their research question. Research waste is a growing concern, and librariansare part of the answer in the role they play as advocates for research integrity and transparency. This scoping review would be the first to cover this topic in a comprehensive, structured and methodologically rigorous way. Results would be of interest to librarians, researchers, educators and the wider research community in health sciences and medicine.
Neoproterozoic glacial origin of the Great Unconformity
Authors: Keller C. Brenhin , Husson Jon , Mitchell Ross , Bottke William , Gernon Thomas , Boehnke Patrick , Bell Elizabeth , Swanson-Hysell Nicholas , Peters Shanan
Published: January 2019

The Great Unconformity, a profound gap in Earths stratigraphic record often evident below the base of the Cambrian system, has remained among the most enigmatic field observations in Earth science for over a century. While long associated directly or indirectly with the occurrence of the earliest complex animal fossils, a conclusive explanation for the formation and global extent of the Great Unconformity has remained elusive. Here we show that the Great Unconformity is associated with a set of large global oxygen and hafnium isotope excursions in magmatic zircon that suggest a late Neoproterozoic crustal erosion and sediment subduction event of unprecedented scale. These excursions, the Great Unconformity, preservational irregularities in the terrestrial bolide impact record, and the first-order pattern of Phanerozoic sedimentation can together be explained by spatially heterogeneous Neoproterozoic glacial erosion totaling a global average of three to five vertical kilometers, along with the subsequent thermal and isostatic consequences of this erosion for global continental freeboard.
A potential source of undiagnosed Legionellosis: Legionella growth in domestic water heating systems in South Africa
Authors: Stone Wendy , Louw Tobias M , Gakingo Godfrey , Nieuwoudt Martin J , Booysen Marthinus Johannes
Published: January 2019

Legionella is a genus of pathogenic bacterial mesophiles that cause a range of diseases collectively referred to as Legionellosis, with immuno-compromised individuals being particularly susceptible. Water heaters, a potential domestic niche for these pathogens, are heavy energy consumers, causing cost-sensitive users to employ energy-saving initiatives, such as scheduling and lower temperature set points. However, lower water temperatures allow Legionella to flourish. This paper uses computational fluid dynamics modelling to show that a horizontal electric water heater provides an environment that is conducive to Legionella growth, although its prevalence is probably higher in the downstream pipes. The presence of Legionella in water heaters is established through water sampled from five in-field water heaters, of which the temperatures and heating schedules are known. Microbiological techniques (PCR and weight-based qRT-PCR) are used to assess the presence of Legionella and Legionella pneumophila at point-of-use taps. A model is used to determine the potential infection rate from these concentrations, demonstrating that undiagnosed Legionellosis infection is likely. In low- and middle-income countries, like South Africa, misdiagnosis of Legionellosis may be common due to the shadow cast by HIV and TB prevalence.
PEMANFAATAN PENERAPAN BAHASA ASING SEBAGAI PENGUAT LITERASI BAHASA INDONESIA
Authors: Nugroho Rudi Wahyu
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACTThis journal discusses the problem of using foreign language as an amplifier of Indonesian language literacy. This journal aims to find out the benefits of the application of a foreign language, in this case English for Indonesian literacy works, especially in the Indonesian Language Education Study Program FKIP UNS. Data in the form of documents were analyzed using qualitative descriptive techniques. The purpose of this study is to show the importance of foreign languages in Indonesian language literacy. The results show that the role of foreign languages in Indonesian language literacy is useful in; (a) support reference sources in Indonesian language literacy, and (b) improve foreign language skills as a provision for knowledge.
Analisis Gaya Selingkung pada Jurnal Ilmiah Bahastra dan Kajian Linguistik dan Sastra
Authors: Annisa Pinky
Published: January 2019

Scientific articles is an article written by an expert in a particular field of study as well as systematic and written format that has been specified. Systematics and format of a scientific article is usually determined by the journal that published the article. This is caused by each journal have systematics as well as different formats. The purpose of this writing is to know the structure and range of style onsite each journal as well as comparisons between journals.
RAGAM GAYA SELINGKUNG JURNAL ILMIAH DI INDONESIA
Authors: NIngsih Ayu Novita Mega
Published: January 2019

Gaya selingkung adalah pedoman tata cara penulisan. Tiap penerbit memiliki cirri khasnya masing-masing dalam menampilkan karya yang diterbitkan. Setiap penerbit maupun media mempunyai gaya selingkung yang berbeda-beda. Ada yang patuh dan taat seratus presen terhadap kaidah kebahasaan dan ada pula yang tidak mengikuti kaidah kebahasaan secara utuh. Gaya selingkung juga terdapat dalam artikel jurnal. Setiap jurnal memiliki cirri khasnya masing-masing dalam menampilkan artikel. Meskipun terdapat perbedaan gaya selingkung dalam setiap jurnal akan tetapi pada dasarnya setiap jurnal memiliki gaya selingkung yang sama. Gaya selingkung merupakan salah satu penciri kepribadian dan jatidiri suatu berkala. Gaya ini tumbuh dan berkembang dalam suatu rentan waktu tertentu dan menjadi matang setelah memantapkan diri. Gaya selingkung bersifat dinamis, mengikuti alur perkembangan yang terjadi dalam masyarakat. Bagi calon penulis naskah, gaya selingkung harus diperhatikan dengan saksama agar berpotensi lebih besar untuk diterima dan diterbitkan.
"The Legal Basis for the Exercise of Jurisdiction by the International Criminal Court and the Preparatory Work of the Rome Statute (I)," Journal of International Relations and Comparative Culture, Vol. 16, No. 2 (March 2018), pp. 67-74.
Authors: Kitano Yoshiaki
Published: January 2019

This paper aims to discuss the legal basis for the exercise of jurisdiction by the International Criminal Court while viewing the topic as one of the issues demonstrating the current status of general international law concerning the creation of obligations for non-party states. The table of contents included in this part 1 is as follows: Chapter 1 Introduction (Section 1 Exercise of Jurisdiction by the ICC and Consent of States: Provisions of the Statute / Section 2 Rules of the Law of Treaties on Creation of Obligations for Non-Party States: Provisional Examination).
Questionable research practices following pre-registration
Authors: Ikeda Ayumi , Xu Haoqin , FUJI Naoto , Zhu Siqi , Yamada Yuki
Published: January 2019

The credibility of psychological findings can be undermined by a history of questionable research practices (QRPs) of researchers. One remedy for this problem is the use of the pre-registration of studies in which a research protocol is registered before the experiment starts. However, the current style of pre-registration can be negatively affected by other QRPs. The purpose of this paper was to demonstrate the ability to engage in QRPs even after a study has been pre-registered. In the demonstration study, we used a total of eight QRPs to obtain statistically meaningful results that supported an ad hoc hypothesis. Major system updates such as pre-registration, peer review, and evaluation are required to address these harmful practices. We hope that the present demonstration study gives momentum to further discussions on next-generation research practices.
Structurally Unjust: How Lay Beliefs about Racism Relate to Perceptions of and Responses to Racial Inequality in Criminal Justice
Authors: Rucker Julian , Duker Ajua , Richeson Jennifer
Published: January 2019

Racial inequality has been a persistent component of American society since before its inception. This research investigates how lay beliefs about the nature of racism— as primarily due to prejudiced individuals or, rather, to structural factors that disadvantage members of particular racial groups—predict perceptions of (Studies 1A & 1B) and reactions to (Studies 2 & 3) racial inequality in the criminal justice system. Specifically, the current research suggests that holding a more structural (v. interpersonal) racism view predicts a greater tendency to perceive racial inequality in criminal justice. Moreover, White Americans’ lay beliefs regarding racism, coupled with their general level of comfort with societal hierarchy, may predict support for policies that would reduce disparities in mass incarceration. Together, this work suggests that beliefs about the nature of racism—as either interpersonal or structural—may play an important role in how people perceive and respond to racial inequality.
Dynamic Transfer and Relations between First Language (L1) Proficiency and Second Language (L2) Writing Skills Performance
Authors: Alkhateeb Abdulelah
Published: January 2019

This study investigates the transfer relationship between first language (L1) (Arabic) proficiency and second language (L2) (English) performance in writing skills of a Saudi bilingual graduate student. Several studies have discussed the transfer issues in language learning, yet a few of them focus on the transfer relationships between Arabic and English language writing skills. Regardless of the huge linguistic distinction between the English language and Arabic language, it is presumed that Arabic and English writing skills positively, negatively, and neutrally transferred in a dynamic relationship. The researcher has conducted observations and interviews with Fatimah, the participant of this study, and analyzed her texts in both languages to illustrate how dynamic relationships between L1 and L2 in the composition skills is and what the effects of language transfer in the composition skills between L1 and L2 are. The data were collected and analyzed in January 2018. The results demonstrate effects of L2 on L1 as the following; first, a reverse or backward transfer implemented in three ways; positive, negative, and neutral transfer. Second, they indicate that there is a dynamic relationship between second language performance and first language proficiency in composition particularly. It is hoped that this knowledge will assist students in being aware of the effects of L2 on L1 specifically in composition and taking the advantages to accelerate the rate of language learning. It is recommended for future research to conduct studies in bilingual writings to investigate how L1 could be a resource and advocate of language development.
A Training Program in the Framework of Rogers’ Theory of Blended Learning: A Case of Teachers of Information Technology in Oman
Authors: Mashikhi Khalid Muslem Al , Soliman Sobhy Ahmed
Published: January 2019

This study aimed at designing a training program according to Rogers Theory of Blended Learning for the teachers of Information Technology in Oman and studying its effectiveness. The study sample was composed of 40 primary school teachers of Information Technology working in public schools of Dhofar Governorate of Oman during the academic year 2016/2017. The researchers used the achievement test and observation card as a tools of measuring the program effectiveness, study results indicated statistically significant differences with a value of (T) for the difference between the average of dimensional applications of the achievement test and skill performance (51.36-15.45) in Information Technology teachers’ practice, which resulted in a value at statistically significant level of (0.001) and the training program was effective, as the profit rate of black was 1.33-1.41 respectively. It is a statistically significant value as it is more than 1.2. The effect of the training program was high in terms of both cognitive achievements and skills. The study recommended using educational models as one of the self-education techniques in Information Technology Teacher Training programs along with the integration of other training styles which are compatible with it by implication, the study suggested to exploit Roger’s Theory for education technology innovations and designing other models for, sustainable educational development.
Syntactic Errors in an Arab EFL Postgraduate Student’s Spoken English during a Thesis Supervision Session
Authors: Yaseen Ahmed Abdoualzhraa , Ismail Kemboja , Yasin Mohamad Subakir Mohd
Published: January 2019

This study investigates the syntactic errors in speaking among an Arab L2 post-graduate student in an academic speaking context. Specifically, the objectives are to describe the syntax error patterns committed by the student while engaging in speaking and to explore the contributing factors that may affect the errors. To address these objectives, a qualitative research method is employed. Data was collected through audio-tape recordings and a face-to-face interview with the participant. The recorded data was transcribed and coded based on Noor Hashim's (1996) seven categories of errors. The findings indicate that some of the first language (L1) negative transfer errors fall into five out of seven categories of Noor Hashim's classification; however, new categories are discovered, such as wrong verb choice, noun forms, overly restricted use of pronouns, and omission of necessary complementizers. These errors can be explained by interference from the L1 and another contributing factor is the limited use of some strategies, such as repetition and confirmation. The significance of this study is a direct pedagogical implication to expose post-graduate students to academic spoken English. This is to avoid miscommunication between students and their academic supervisors. It is recommended that future research examine new teaching and learning techniques of academic spoken English to be incorporated into the classrooms.
Digital Piety in Bangladesh: A Psychosocial Analysis
Authors: Zaman Sayeed Al-
Published: January 2019

Following social development, Bangladesh has become more welcoming to digital technologies. Thus, an impactful digital community is flourishing within the country. It has been thought online community would be a sub-culture and mere clique. However, proving this surmise wrong, netizens constitute half of the country’s entire population in Bangladesh. As digital neighborhood is becoming larger as well as second-home to its users in Bangladesh, so the interaction and discourse is growing at an incredible pace. What we now call online is nothing but a reflection of offline except its physicality, where, like other real-life contents, religion has also been accommodated. Religion in cyberspace is dubbed as “cyber-religion”. Netizens perform virtual religious practices, express emotions regarding their religion, and participate in discussion. Debates on religion often leads to the intention of malice, and contending faiths transform peace into communal animosity. Thus, society get heated by hostile communal performances. In contemporary Bangladesh, “digital piety” as an exclusive phenomenon attained immense social significance. Investigating the dynamics of digital piety and its psychology, this study presents an overview of the mechanism of digital religion, and interactive relationships between online piety and communal tension on socio-political context.
Local Perceptions of an Integrated School Health and Nutrition Programme involving WASH, school feeding and deworming in Southwest Ethiopia
Authors: Keating Emily , Tadesse Gemechu , Dejene Nigussie Geletu , Yard Elodie , Appleby Laura Jane , Cardwell Jacqueline M
Published: January 2019

Introduction. The ‘Enhanced School Health Initiative’ (ESHI) targeted 30 primary schools in southern Ethiopia and aimed to improve the health and educational outcomes of school children through an integrated package of school feeding, deworming and the provision of improved water sanitation and hygiene (WASH). This study investigated parental perceptions of this integrated school health and nutrition programme. Methods. The data was collected through group interviews with parents of children at schools targeted by the programme. Ten schools were purposively selected to represent geographical diversity. A team of two trained facilitators led the group interview in each school. All interviews were conducted in local dialects and then directly translated into English and transcribed. The transcripts were analysed using thematic analysis. Findings are structured around key themes identified from the discussions.Results and Discussion. Three main themes are identified from the interviews. The first relates to the perceptions of equity and opportunity generated for the children and the parents as a result of the programme. The second theme identifies the dissemination of learning throughout the community reported by parents. This includes the use of children as messengers, particularly for good hygiene practices and importance of deworming. The final theme explores concerns about ownership and sustainability of the programme within the communities. When probed on the topic of sustainability, parents raised conflicts surrounding ownership, and their ability to sustain the programme without further external input. Conclusions. The findings highlight the parent’s perceptions of this integrated school health and nutrition programme, and the multiple mechanisms through which it has an impact on the wider community. They also highlight what aspects of the programme are felt to be sustainable without further input, particularly behaviour change.
Using Task-Based Learning with Students of Academic English
Authors: Viriya Chorthip
Published: January 2019

The purposes of this study were to study the effects of using task-based learning (TBL) to teach English for Academic Purposes (EAP) students and to explore their opinions towards TBL at Thammasat University. Forty students were chosen via purposely selected sampling. The research instruments included a reading and writing pretest-posttest, a speaking pretest-posttest, and a questionnaire. The questionnaire was divided into three parts: the students’ demographic information, the students’ opinions about Pre-Task, During Task or Task Cycle, and Post-Task, as well as their additional opinions and suggestions of TBL. The data was statistically analyzed by mean, standard deviation, and t-test for dependent samples. The results of this study indicated that the reading-writing and speaking abilities of EAP students through TBL after the experiment were significantly higher at the .05 level. Similarly, they were highly satisfied to study with TBL.