bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Electrochemical Polymerization of Brilliant Cresyl Blue and Properties of the Polymer
Authors: Yang Yi‐Fei , Mu Shao‐Lin
Published: September 2010

The electrochemical polymerization of brilliant cresyl blue (BCB) has been carried out using cyclic voltammetry in the potential region between −0.20 V and 1.15 V (vs. Ag/AgCl with saturated KCl solution). The electrolytic solution consisted of BCB (0.1 mol/L) and Na2HPO4(0.2 mol/L) with pH 2.1. BCB can not be polymerized at pH < 1. There are an anodic peak and a cathodic peak on the cyclic voltammogram of poly (BCB) at pH ≤ 4.3. Both peak potentials shift towards more negative with increasing pH value, and their peak currents decrease with increasing pH value. Poly (BCB) depicts a good electrochemical reversibility, fast charge transfer ability and stability in aqueous solutions with pH ≤ 4.3. The visible spectrum, FTIR spectrum and Raman spectrum of poly (BCB) are different from those of BCB.
Underpotential Deposition Study and Determination of Bismuth on Gold Electrode by Using Voltammetry
Authors: Du Yong‐Ling , Wang Chun‐Ming
Published: September 2010

The cyclic voltammetry (CV) and the semidifferential anodic stripping voltammetry (SdASV) were used for investigation of bismuth(III) underpotential deposition (UPD) on gold electrode. Based on the excellent electrochemical properties of Au/ Bi UPD system, a new method for determining bismuth (III) was established. A solution of 0.1 mol/L HNO3 was selected as the supporting electrolyte. Factors affecting the Bi(III) UPD and stripping steps were investigated and an optimized analytical procedure was developed. The calibration plots for Bi(III) concentration in the range 1.25 × 10−8‐1.0 × 10−7 mol/L were obtained. The detection limit, calculated as three times the standard deviation of the analytical signal of 8.3 × 10−8 mol/L for a 90 s electrodeposition at 0.00 V (while the solution magnetically stirred at a speed of 300 rpm), was 7.5 × 10−9 mol/ L. For 8 successive determinations of 1.25 × 10−7 mol/L Bi(III), the obtained RSD (relative standard deviation) was 0.4%. The developed method was applied to bismuth determining in medicine and urine samples. The analytical results were compared with that of atomic emission spectrometry (AES) method.
Synthesis and Molecular Structure of Binuclear Tin (IV) Complex Bridged by Terephthalate Anion
Authors: Yin Han‐Dong , Wang Chuan‐Hua , Ma Chun‐Lin , Wang Yong
Published: September 2010

The title complex [Ph3Sn(CH3OH) (terephthalate) (CH3OH) SnPh3]·2CH3OH was synthesized by the reaction of Ph3SnCl with terephthalate in the molar ratio of 2:1 in methanol solution and characterized by elemental analysis, IR and 1H NMR spectra, and the crystal structure was determined by X‐ray single crystal diffraction study. The crystal belongs to monoclinic with space group P21/n, a = 1.5199(5) nm, b = 0.9000(3) nm, c = 1.8206(6) nm, β= 113.970(5)°, Z = 2, V = 2.2755 (13) nm3, Dc= 1.413 g/cm3, μ = 1.146 mm−1, F(000) = 980, R =0.0353, wR = 0.0606. In the crystals of complex, the tin atoms rendered five‐coordinate in a distorted trigonal bipyramidal structure.
Syntheses of Some 3‐[1′ (1′ H)‐Substituent‐pyrazol‐5′‐yl] benzo [5,6]coumarins
Authors: El‐Deen Ibrahim Mohey , Al‐Wakeel El‐Sayed Ismail , El‐Mawla Ahmed Gad
Published: September 2010

3‐[1′ (1′ H)‐Substituent‐pyrazol‐5′‐yl] benzo [5,6] coumarins and 3‐(1′,2′‐oxazol‐5′‐yl)benzo[5,6]coumarin were prepared via condensation of 3‐(2′‐formyl‐1′‐chlorovinyl) benzo [5,6] coumarin with hydrazine derivatives or hydroxylamine. Reaction of 3‐[1′(1′ H)‐pyrazol‐5′‐yl] benzo [5,6] coumarin with alkyl halides, olefinic compounds or acid chlorides are described.
Ethylene Oligomerization Catalyzed by Nickel(II) Diimine Complexes
Authors: Qian Ming‐Xing , Wang Mei , Zhang Yu‐Liang , He Ren
Published: September 2010

Ethylene oligomerization has been investigated by using catalyst systems composed of nickel(II) diimine complexes (diimine = N, N′‐o‐phenylene bis (salicylideneaminato), N, N′‐o‐phenylenebisbenzal, N, N′‐ethylenebisbenzal) and ethylaluminoxane (EAO). The main products in toluene and at 110–200 °C were olefins with low carbon numbers (C4—C10). Effects of reaction temperature, Al/Ni molar ratio and reaction period on both the catalytic activity and product distribution were explored. The activity of 1.84 × 105 g of oligomer/(molNI · h), with 87.4% of selectivity to C4—C10 olefins, was attained at 200 °C in the reaction when a catalyst composed of NiCl2 (PhCH = o‐NC6H4N = CHPh) and EAO was used.
Novel Secondary Structure of Calcitonin in Solid State as Revealed by Circular Dichroism Spectroscopy
Authors: Du Hai‐Ning , Ding Jin‐Guo , Cui Da‐Fu , Hu Hong‐Yu
Published: September 2010

The solid‐state circular dichroic study reveals that salmon calcitonin presents a typical α‐helical structure while human calcitonin appears to form a β‐sheet in solid state, although both of them adopt random coil structures in aqueous solution.
Radial Basis Function Neural Networks Based QSPR for the Prediction of log P
Authors: Yao Xiao‐Jun , Liu Man‐Cang , Zhang Xiao‐Yun , Zhang Rui‐Sheng , Hu Zhi‐De , Fan Bo‐Tao
Published: September 2010

Quantitative structure‐property relationship (QSPR) method is used to study the correlation models between the structures of a set of diverse organic compounds and their log P. Molecular descriptors calculated from structure alone are used to describe the molecular structures. A subset of the calculated descriptors, selected using forward stepwise regression, is used in the QSPR models development. Multiple linear regression (MLR) and radial basis function neural networks (RBFNNs) are utilized to construct the linear and non‐linear correlation model, respectively. The optimal QSPR model developed is based on a 7‐17‐1 RBFNNs architecture using seven calculated molecular descriptors. The root mean square errors in predictions for the training, predicting and overall data sets are 0.284, 0.327 and 0.291 log P units, respectively.
Chaos Synchronization in the Belousov‐Zhabotinsky Chemical Reaction by Adaptive Control Scheme
Authors: Li Yan‐Ni , Chen Lan , Cai Zun‐Sheng , Zhao Xue‐Zhuang
Published: September 2010

The adaptive synchronization scheme proposed by John and Amritkar was employed into the Belousov‐Zhabotinsky (BZ) 4‐variable‐Montanator model system. By the parameter adjustment, chaos synchronization has been obtained. Through calculating the transient time, the optimal combination of the stiffness constant and damping constant was obtained. Furthermore, the relationships among the transient time, conditional Lyapunov exponents, the stiffness constant and damping constant were discussed. Also, the BZ system with the adaptive synchronization scheme might be used for the communication purposes.
Structures and Stability of HNS2 Isomers
Authors: Chi Yu‐Juan , Yu Hai‐Tao , Fu Hong‐Gang , Huang Xu‐Ri , Li Ze‐Sheng , Sun Jia‐Zhong
Published: September 2010

Potential energy surface of HNS2 is investigated by means of second‐order Moller‐Plesset perturbation theory (MP2) and QCISD(T) (single‐point) methods. At final QCISD (T)/6‐311++G(3df, 2p)//MP2/6‐311++G(d, p) level with zero‐point vibrational energies included, cis‐HNSS is found to be global minimum on the potential energy surface, followed by low‐lying trans‐HNSS, HN(S)S(C2v), cis‐HSNS, cis‐HSSN, trans‐HSNS, trans‐HSSN, and HN(S)S(C3) by 13.46, 66.92, 78.25, 80.38, 81.22, 81.38 and 86.40 kJ/mol, respectively. A new high‐lying HS(N)S isomer with Cs symmetry is located on the potential energy surface. The kinetic stabilities of all isomers are predicted. Comparisons are made for HNS2 with its analogues, HNO2, HPS2 and HPO2. The causes that lead to the differences between HNS2 and its analogues are hypervalent capacity of phosphorus and distinct electronegativities of hydrogen, nitrogen and phosphorus.
Synthesis and Crystal Structure of a One‐Dimensional Coordination Polymer Containing Unusual Na2Cu2 Tetrametallacyclic Units
Authors: Gao En‐Qirjg , Sun Hai‐Ying , Liao Dai‐Zheng , Jiang Zong‐Hui , Shi‐Ping Yan
Published: September 2010

A unique coordination polymer, {[CuLNa(ClO4)]·H2O}n (1), was isolated from the solution containing sodium perchlorate and the neutral macrocyclic oxamidocopper(II) complex [CuL] (H2L = 2,3‐dioxo‐5,6:13, 14‐dibenzo‐7, 12‐bis(ethoxycarbonyl)‐1, 4, 8, 11‐tetraazacyclotetradeca‐7, 11‐diene). The complex is composed of [Na2Cu2] tetrametallacycles bridged by perchlorate ions to form infinite one‐dimensional chains which are stacked via τ‐τ interactions and weak coordination bonds to result in a two‐dimensional supramolecular network. The perclorate ions were found to coordinate to sodium atoms in the unusual bridging chelating tridentate mode of μ2‐(O:O′,O″).
Fragmentation Mechanism of Trans‐α‐Aryl‐β‐enamino Esters
Authors: Jiang Nan , Wang Jian‐Bo , He Md‐Yu
Published: September 2010

Electron impact‐induced fragmentation mechanisms of trans‐α‐aryl‐β‐enamino esters were investigated using mass‐analyzed ion kinetic energy (MIKE) spectrometry and high resolution accurate mass data. It was found that the main characteristic fragmentations of compounds studied were: an odd electron ion M+ ‐ EtOH was formed by losing a neutral molecule of ethanol; and the skeletal rearrangements took place; and the ring opening reaction happened after losing a carbon monoxide; and the typical McLafferty rearrangement underwent in ester group. The cyclization reaction caused by losing neutral molecule of TsNH2 due to the ortho‐effects of substituted group of aromatic ring was also observed.
Hydrothermal Syntheses, Supramolecular Structures and the Third‐order Non‐linear Optical Properties of Three Copper (I) Halide Amine Complexes Connected via Secondary Bonding Interactions
Authors: Yu Jie‐Hui , Xu Ji‐Qing , Han Li , Wang Tie‐Gang , Shi Zhan , Jing Wei‐Jie , Ding Hong , Xu Jia‐Ning , Jia Hong‐Bin , Hua Jia
Published: September 2010

The hydrothermal reactions of Cul, KI and bidentate amines [1, 10‐phenanthroline (phen) or ethylenediamine (en)] gave the three copper (I) halide compounds, Cu3I3 (phen)2 (1), CuI (phen)2 (2) and [Cu (en)2] [CuI2]2 (3), which were structurally characterized via single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction studies. Hydrogen bonds and τ‐τ interactions are the most remarkable structural features of the title compounds. All can be described as higher‐dimensional supramolecular compounds connected via these secondary bondings. Moreover, the title compounds were characterized by elemental analyses, IR spectra and TGA analyses. The third‐order non‐linear optical properties of the title compounds were also investigated and all exhibit nicer non‐linear absorption and self‐focusing performance.
Synthesis, Characterization and Crystal Structure of Chlorodibenzyltin (IV) Complex with Dithiomorpholinocarbamate Ligand
Authors: Yin Han‐Dong , Wang Chuan‐Hua , Ma Chun‐Lin , Wang Yong
Published: September 2010

Chlorodibenzyltin (IV) complex with dithiomorpholinocarbamate ligand was synthesized by the reaction of dibenzyltin dichloride with dithiomorpholinocarbamate in 1:1 stoichiometry. The complex was characterized by elementary analysis, UV, BR and 1H NMR spectra. The crystal structure was determined by X‐ray single crystal diffraction study. The crystallographic data are as follows: triclinic, space group P1, a = 0.8723 (2) ran, b = 1.099 (2) nm, c = 1.1036 (3) nm, α = 86.498 (4)°, β = 89.697 (5)°, γ = 82.807 (5)°, Z = 2, V = 1.0479 (4) nm3, Dc= 1.580 g/cm−3, μ = 1.553 mm−1, F (000) = 500, R1 = 0.0442, wR2 = 0.0974. The crystal consists of discrete molecules containing five‐coordinate tin atoms in a distorted tigonal bipyramidal configuration. The molecules are packed in the unit cell in one‐dimensional chain structure through a weak interaction between the chlorine atom and sulfur atom, the sulfur atom and one of the sulfurs of an adjacent molecule.
Samarium‐promoted Chemoselective Reduction of Aromatic Nitro Compounds in Ionic Liquid
Authors: Zheng Xing‐Liaiig , Zhang Yong‐Min
Published: September 2010

The differently substituted aromatic nitro compounds were chemoselectively reduced by Sm/HOAc system in an ionic liquid medium to afford aromatic amines. Under these conditions the other substituents, such as ‐X, ‐CHO, ‐COOH, ‐CN, ‐NHTos and ‐alkyl, remained intact. The notable advantages of this reaction are its mild conditions, simple operation, short reaction time, high yields and easy recycling of ionic liquid.
Synthesis of (p‐Substituted phenyl)azo Calix[4]arenes
Authors: Jin Chuan‐Ming , Lu Guo‐Yuan , Liu Yun , You Xiao‐Zeng , Wang Zhong‐Hua , Wu Hou‐Ming
Published: September 2010

A novel method for the preparation of chromogenic calixarenes with azo groups was reported. p‐Substituted (‐ NO2, ‐ CH3, ‐ Cl) anilines were diazotized with isoamyl nitrite in EtONa/EtOH under refluxing condition. Fifteen mono‐, bis‐, tris‐ and tetrakis(p‐substituted phenyl)azo calix[4]arenes (including proximal and distal isomers) were obtained respectively by diazo‐coupling in different molar ratio to calix[4]arenes (1) under pH = 7.5–9.0 in non‐aqueous solution at 0‐5 °C. 1H NMR anduC NMR spectra of (α‐substituted phenyl)azo calix[4]‐arenes Indicated that they existed in cone conformation in solution.
Monitoring the Hydrolysis of p‐Nitrophenyl Acetate Catalyzed by Seryl‐histidine with Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Chen Jing , Zhang Yun , Cao Xiao‐Yu , Wang Jin , Chen Yi , Zhao Yu‐Fen
Published: September 2010

The hydrolysis of p‐nitrophenyl acetate (p‐NPA) catalyzed by seryl‐histidine or histidine has been monitored by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry in the presence of the internal calibration, 8‐anilino‐1‐naphthalenesulfonic acid ammonium salt (ANS). The half‐life of p‐NPA in the presence of 10 mmol·L−1 seryl‐histidine or histidine at 25 °C was 370 min and 70 min respectively. With the occurrence of acetyl seryl‐histidine and acetyl histidine in the reaction, and the fact that p‐NPA was stable in the presence of 10 mmol·L−1 serine, an imidazolysis mechanism has been proposed, which is in accordance with the reported work.
Synthesis of 2‐ and 5‐(1, 1‐Dimethyl‐1,2,5,6‐tetrahydropyridinium‐3‐yl) oxadiazoline Iodides
Authors: Hu Guo‐Qiang , Huang Wen‐Long , Zhang Hui‐Bin , Huang Sheng‐Tang , Wang Hai
Published: September 2010

A series of 2‐ and 5‐(1,1‐dimethyl‐1, 2, 5, 6‐tetrahydropyridinium‐3‐yl) oxadiazoline iodides, which might be used as M, muscarinic receptor agonists, was synthesized from nicotinaldehyde and nicotinhydrazine, respectively. Their structures were characterized by 1H NMR, ER, MS spectra and elemental analysis.
Facile and Effective Synthesis of Glucopyranosyl Oligosacchardes with Alternative (1 →3)‐α‐ and ‐β‐Linkages in the Presence of C‐2 Ester Capable of Neighboring Group Participation
Authors: Zeng Ytag , Mng Jun , Kong Fan‐Zuo
Published: September 2010

Coupling of acetylated α‐(1 → 3)‐linked glucobiosyl trichloroacetimidate with acetylated α‐(1→3)‐linked glucobioside acceptor gave a β‐linked tetrasaccharide, while coupling of acetylated β‐(1→3)‐linked glucobiosyl trichloroacetimidate with acetylated β‐(1→3)‐linked glucobioside acceptor gave an α‐linked tetrasaccharide in spite of the C‐2 neighboring group participation. Two hexasaccharides with alternative (1→3)‐α‐and ‐β‐linkges were synthesized by these reactions via remote control exerted by the glycosylation bond in either donor or acceptor.
Bis(4,4′‐dimethyl‐2,2′‐bipyridine) ruthenium (II) Complexes Containing 2‐Arylimidazo‐ [4,5‐f] [1,10] phenanthroline: Syntheses, Characterization and Third‐order Nonlinear Optical Properties
Authors: Chao Hui , Li Run‐Hua , Huang Qi‐Wen , Ji Liang‐Nian
Published: September 2010

Four novel mononuclear ruthenium(II) complexes [Ru(dmb)2L]2+ [dmb = 4,4′‐dimethyl‐2,2′‐bipyridine, L = imidazo‐[4,5‐f][1,10]phenanthroline (IP), 2‐phenylimidazo‐[4,5‐f][1,10]phenanthroline (PIP), 2‐(4′‐hydroxyphenyl)imidazo‐[4,5‐f] [1,10] phenanthroline (HOP), 2‐(4′‐dimethylaminophenyl) imidazo‐[4, 5‐f] [1,10] phenanthroline (DMNP)] were synthesized and characterized by ES‐MS, 1H NMR, UV‐vis and electrochemistry. The nonlinear optical properties of the ruthenium(II) complexes were investigated by Z‐scan techniques with 12 ns laser pulse at 540 nm, and all of them exhibit both nonlinear optical (NLO) absorption and self‐defocusing effect. The corresponding effective NLO susceptibility |x3| of the complexes is in the range of 2.68 × 10−12‐4.57 × 10−12 esu.
A Formal Synthesis of (+)‐Cassiol Exploiting Meyers' Bicyclic Lactam Methodology
Authors: Shen Xin , Wu Yi‐Kang , Zhang Fan
Published: September 2010

A formal synthesis of (+)‐cassiol using (lS,2S)‐2‐amino‐1‐(4‐nitrophenyl)‐l,3‐propanediol as chiral auxiliary is reported. The quaternary chiral center in the molecule was constructed by sequential alkylation of a bicyclic lactam (prepared from the aforementioned auxiliary and 5‐oxo‐heptanoic acid) with methyl iodide and benzyloxymethyl chloride.
Nucleophilic Substitution Reaction of p ‐Dinitrobenzene by a Carbanion: Evidence for Electron Transfer Mechanism
Authors: Liu You‐Cheng , Zhang Kai‐Dong , Liu Jian‐Ming , Wu Long‐Min , Liu Zhong‐Li
Published: September 2010

On the basis of investigation of cyclic voltammetry, EPR spectroscopy and competition experiments, the nucleophilic substitution reaction of p‐ dinitrobenzene with the sodium salt of ethyl α‐cyanoacetate carbanion in dimethyl sulfoxide giving ethyl α‐cyano‐α‐ (p‐nitrophenyl) acetate is shown to take place via the intermediacy of p‐dinitrobenzene radical anion. The reaction rate goes faster than that between p‐nitrohalobenzenes and the same sodium salt of ethyl α‐cyanoacetate carbanion. There is an evidence for a single electron transfer mechanism.
Kinetics and Mechanism of the Exothermic First‐stage Decomposition Reaction for 1,5‐Dimethyl‐2,6‐bis (2,2,2‐trinitroethyl) ‐glycoluril
Authors: Li Hnan‐Yong , Hu Rong‐Zu , Yang De‐Suo , Zhao Hong‐An , Gao Sheng‐Li , Shi Qi‐Zhen
Published: September 2010

The thermal behavior, mechanism and kinetic parameters of the exothermic first‐stage decomposition reaction of the title compound in a temperature‐programmed mode have been investigated by means of DSC, TG‐DTG and IR. The reaction mechanism was proposed. The empirical kinetic model functions in differential form, apparent activation energy (Ea) and pre‐exponential factor (A) of this reaction are (1 ‐ α) −1.119, 211.3 kj/mol and 1020.2 s−1, respectively. The critical temperature of thermal explosion of the compound is 202.2 °C. The values of ΔS≠, ΔH≠ and CΔG≠ of this reaction are 143.8 J.mol−1.K−1, 208.7 kj/mol and 141.7 kj/mol, respectively.
Investigation on False Peak Phenomena in On‐line Sweeping Technique in MEKC
Authors: Yang Geng‐Liang , Li Bao‐Hui , Wang De‐Xian , Chen Yi
Published: September 2010

In this paper, several {actors that could lead to the appearance of false peak were investigated by using on‐line sample sweeping technique under different experimental conditions. The tested analytes were buflomedil hydrochloride, ephedrine hydrochloride, benzyl alcohol, vanillin, p‐hydroxybenzaldehyde and m‐methylphenol. Results showed mat among the six compounds, three of them, i.e., buflomedil hydrochloride, ephedrine hydrochloride and benzyl alcohol will cause false peaks to appear when sample injection time is long, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) concentration is high and there is pH gradient between cathode and anode. In order to avoid the appearance of false peak, the pH gradient should be avoided.
Second‐order Nonlinear Optical Properties of a Series of Benzothiazole Derivatives
Authors: Xiao‐Juan Liu , Ji‐Kang Feng , Ai‐Min Ren , Xin Zhou , Wei‐Nan Leng
Published: September 2010

The second‐order nonlinear optical (NLO) properties of a series of benzothiazole derivatives were studied by use of the ZINDO‐SOS method. These chromophores are formed by a donor‐π‐bridge‐acceptor system, based on a nitro group connected with benzothiazole as the acceptor and a hydroxyl‐functional amino group as the donor. For the purpose of comparison, we also designed molecules in which nitrobenzene is an acceptor. The calculation results indicate that benzothiazole derivatives exhibit larger second‐order polarizabilities than nitrobenzene derivatives. In order to clarify the origin of the NLO response of these chromophores, their electron properties were investigated as well. The benzothiazole derivatives are good candidates for application in electro‐optical device due to their high optical nonlinearities, good thermal and photonic stability.
Crystal Structures and Characterizations of Bis (pyrrolidinedithiocarbamato) Cu(II) and Zn(II) Complexes
Authors: Fang‐Fang Jian , Ting Xue , Kui Jiao , Shu‐Sheng Zhang
Published: September 2010

The structures of [Cu (S2CN (CH2)4)2] (1) and [Zn2(S2CN‐(CH2)4)4] (2) have been determined by X‐ray crystallography analysis. They are all isomorphous and triclinic, space group of P1−, with Z = 1. The lattice parameters of compound 1 is: a = 0.63483(2) nm, b = 0.74972(3) nm, c=0.78390(1) mn, α = 75.912(2)°, β = 78.634(2)° and γ = 86.845(2)°; compound 2: a = 0.78707(6) nm, b=0.79823(6) nm, c = 1.23246(9) nm, α = 74.813(2)°, β = 73.048(2)° and γ = 88.036(2)°. The copper atom is located on a crystallographic inversion center and zinc atom lies across centers of symmetry. The Cu(II) ion has a square‐planar geometry while Zn(II) has a distorted tetrahedral geometry. The thermal gravity (TG) data indicate that no structural transitions in the two compounds were abserved and the decomposition products can adsorb gas. Also they all have a high thermal stability.
Study on Lead Dioxide Modified Electrode and Its Application in Detection of Phenols
Authors: Shi‐Yun Ai , Meng‐Nan Gao , Qi Cai , Zheng‐Dong Sun , Li‐Tong Jem
Published: September 2010

The conditions for the preparation of PbO2 modified Pt rotation disc electrode in solutions containing HC104 and Pb(II) were studied, and the morphology and composition of the obtained PbO2 film were characterized by SEM and XRD techniques, respectively. The results show that the modification process of PbO is dependent on the rotation velocity of the electrode and the concentrations of HCIO4 and Pb(II). And it was observed that the obtained PbO2 film was rutile β‐PDO2 structure. At a certain positive potential, HO· and HO2· radicals can be generated on the surface of the modified PbO2/Pt electrode and then oxidize phenols. According to the change of the responding anodic current, the determination of phenols was realizable and good results were obtained.
FeCl3‐Mediated Reaction of 1,4‐Dilithio‐1,3‐dienes with Alkynes Affording Benzene Derivatives
Authors: Guo‐Tao Li , Hong‐Yun Fang , Zhi‐Ping Li , Zhen‐Feng Xt
Published: September 2010

Unactivated alkynes reacted with 1,4‐dilithio‐1,3‐diene derivatives in the presence of FeCl3 affording substituted benzene derivatives via a formal [4 + 2] cycloaddition.
QSAR Study and VolSurf Characterization of Human Intestinal Absorption of Drugs
Authors: Gui‐Xiang Hu , Zhi‐Cai Shang , Jian‐Wei Zou , Guo‐Ming Yang , Qing‐Sen Yu
Published: September 2010

The prediction of human intestinal absorption is a major goal in the design, optimization, and selection of candidates for the development of oral drugs. In this study, a computerized method (VolSurf with GRID) was used as a novel tool for predicting human intestinal absorption of test compound, and for determining the critical molecular properties needed for human intestinal absorption. The tested molecules consisted of 20 diverse drug‐like compounds. Partial least squares (PLS) discriminate analysis was used to correlate the experimental data with the theoretical molecular properties of human intestinal absorption. A good correlation (r2 = 0.95, q2 = 0.86) between the molecular modeling results and the experimental data demonstrated that human intestinal absorption could be predicted from the three‐dimensional (3D) molecular structure of a compound. Favorable structural properties identified for the potent intestinal absorption of drugs included strong imbalance between the center of mass of a molecule and the barycentre of its hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions and a definitive hydrophobic region as well as less hydrogen bonding donors and acceptors in the molecule.
Abnormal Fluorescence Behavior of Pyrene Functionalized Chitosan Films to Some Quenchers
Authors: Shu‐Juan Zhang , Yu Fang , Dao‐Dao Hu , Gai‐Ling Gao
Published: September 2010

Investigation of the fluorescence behavior of a pyrene functionalized chitosan film (PSC‐CS) to some quenchers, including KI, CH3NO2 and Cu(NO3)2, has revealed that the monomer emission from the PSC‐CS film increased rather than decreased, whereas the excimer emission decreased with the increase of time of duration after addition of KI or Cu(NO3)2. Both the increasing and decreasing processes could last as long as 20 min to 40 min. Unlike that observed in the system containing KI or Cu(NO3)2, for CH3NQ2 system, both the monomer emission and the excimer emission increased with introduction of the quencher, but the excimer emission only started to increase after an hour‐long induction period. The position of the excimer emission of the PSC‐CS film did not change very much with addition of KI or Cu(NO3)2. However, addition of CH3NO2 made the excimer emission blue shifted for at least 20 nm indicating formation of distorted excimers or partially overlapped excimers. The fluorescence response of the film to external additions is sensitive but is low in selectivity. This property may make the film use as a novel sensing material for monitoring the purity of water.
Low‐valent Titanium Induced Intramolecular Reductive Coupling of Keto‐enamines: A Facile Synthesis of 2,3,5‐Trisubstituted Pyrroles
Authors: Xue‐Sen Fan , Xin‐Ying Zhang , Yong‐Min Zhang
Published: September 2010

Promoted by low‐valent titanium reagent which was generated in situ from Sm/TiCl4 system, keto‐enamine derivatives underwent efficient intromolecular deoxygenative coupling reactions and afforded the corresponding 2,3,5‐trisubstituted pyrroles in moderate to good yields under mild reaction conditions.
Investigation of the Crystallization Kinetics of Zn(Leu)SO4·0.5H2O in Mixing Solvent by Microcalorimetry
Authors: San‐Ping Chen , Yan Fang , Sheng‐Li Gao , Rong‐Zu Hu
Published: September 2010

The crystal growth process of Zn(Len)SO4·0.5H2O from water and acetone was investigated using a Calvet microcalorimeter. The heat and the rate of heat production during the crystal growth process at 293.15 K, 295.15 K, 298.15 K and 300.15 K were measured. On the basis of experimental and calculated results, the rate constant and the kinetic parameters (the activation energies, the pre‐exponential) during the crystal growth process were obtained. The results show that the crystal growth process accorded with the Burton‐Cabrera‐Frank dislocation theory.
Extended Network via #±# Interaction and Hydrogen Bond Linkages of ID Copper(II) Coordination Polymer: Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Characterization of [Cu(4,4′‐bpy) (2‐pzc)‐(H2O)] CIO4 · H2O (2‐pzc = 2‐pyrazine‐5‐carboxylate; 4,4′‐bpy = 4, 4′‐bipyridine)
Authors: Jun‐Hua Luo , Rui‐Hu Wang , Rong Cao , Lei Han , Jia‐Bao Weng , Zheng‐Zhong Lin , Li‐Hua Chen , Mao‐Chun Hong
Published: September 2010

A penta‐coordinated Cu(II) complex with mixed ligands 4, 4′‐bipyridine (4,4′‐bpy) and 2‐pyrazine‐5‐carboxylate anion (2‐pzc), [Cu(4,4′‐bpy)(2‐pzc)(H2O)]CIO4·HzO (1), has been solvothermally synthesized and characterized. Complex 1 crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/n with a = 0.82996(2) nm, b = 1.58156(5) nm, c = 1.53837(1) nm, β = 103.536(2)°, V = 1.96322(8) nm3, Mr = 478.30, Z = 4, Dc = 1.618 g/cm3, final R = 0.0544 and wR = 0.1487. The Structure of 1 indicates that the central Cu(II) atom is penta‐coordinated by two N atoms from two 4,4′‐bpy ligands, and one N atom and one oxygen atom of the 2‐pzc ligand in the equatorial plane, and one oxygen atom of the coordinated water molecule at the axial position. The coordination geometry of Cu(II) atom could be considered as a slightly distorted square‐pyramidal environment. The 4, 4′‐bpy ligands bridge the Cu(II) centers to form a one‐dimensional chain, and 2‐pzc acts as a terminal chelated ligand, and #±# interaction between the pyrazine rings of 2‐pzc ligands of adjacent chains links the chains into a 2D sheet. Furthermore, the hydrogen bonds among the oxygen atoms of the uncoordinated water molecules and the N atoms and O atoms of 2‐pzc ligands and the oxygen atoms of the coordinated water molecules link the sheets into the ultimate 3D network of complex 1.
Photophysical and Photoelectric Properties of 2‐{[4‐(N‐Hexadecyl‐N‐methylamino) phenyl] methylene}‐propanedinitrile
Authors: Di Liu , Kui‐Wang Wu , Xue‐Song Wang , Yuan‐Jun Hou , Bao‐Wen Zhang , Yi Cao
Published: September 2010

2‐{[4‐(N‐Hexadecyl‐N‐methylamino) phenyl] methylene}‐propanedinitrile (HMAPN) with typical donor‐#‐acceptor (D‐#‐A) structure was synthesized. It could be easily assembled into stable films by LB technique. The photophysical properties of HMAPN were investigated in solution and on LB films. The photoelectric properties of HMAPN were examined and the anodic photocurrent of the ITO electrode modified by the monolayer LB film of HMAPN was measured as 835 nA/cm2 under the white light of 218.2 mW/cm2 without bias voltage. The effects of light intensity, bias voltage on the photocurrent were discussed. The possible mechanism of the photocurrent formation was given.
Preparation and Thermal Chemical Property of Complexes of Zinc Nitrate with Trytophan
Authors: San‐Ping Chen , Sheng‐Li Gao , Xu‐Wu Yang , Qi‐Zhen Shi
Published: September 2010

The solubility property of Zn (NO3)2‐Try‐H2O system at 25 °C in whole concentration range has been investigated by the semimicro phase equilibrium method. The corresponding phase diagrams and refractive index diagrams were constructed. Under the guidance of the phase equilibrium results, the incongruently soluble compounds of Zn (Try) (NO3)2 · 2H2O (F) and Zn‐(Try)2(NO3)2·H2O (G), which have not been reported previously, were synthesized and characterized by IR, XRD, TG‐DTG, as well as chemical and elemental analyses. The constant‐volume combustion energies of the compounds, δcE, determined by a precision rotating bomb calorimeter at 298.15 K, were (‐13518.98±4.99) Jg−1 and (− 17690.85 ± 4.88) J. g−1, respectively. The standard enthalpies of combustion for these compounds, δc47, were calculated to be (− 5802.36 ± 2.14) kJ·mol−1 and (− 10891.59 ± 3.01) kJ·mol−1 when the standard enthalpies of formation, δtH⊖ were (− 1161.18 ± 2.61) kJ·mol−1 and (− 1829.71 ± 4.20) kJ·mol−1. The enthalpies of solution in condition of simulating human gastric juice (37 °C, pH = 1, the solution of hydrochloric acid), which were also measured by a microcalorimeter, were (14.55 ± 0.04) kJ·mol−1and (10.58±0.06) kJ·mol−1, respectively.
Syntheses and Crystal Structure of a New 3D Ag (I)‐Fumaric Acid Framework, [Ag (hmt) (fma)1/2 · 2H2O]n
Authors: Wen‐Hua Bi , Dao‐Feng Sun , Rong Cao , Xing Li , Qian Shi , Mao‐Chun Hong
Published: September 2010

A new silver (I) coordination polymer, [Ag(hmt) (fma)1/2 · 2H2O]n (1), (hmt = hexamethylenetetramine, fma = furmaric acid), was obtained by self‐assembly of hmt, fma and AgNO3 in the mixed solvent of methanol, dichloromethane and water (CH3OH:CH2Cl2:H2O = 5:5:1), and characterized by X‐ray diffraction analysis. Complex 1 belongs to orthorhombic space group Pbcn with cell parameters a = 1.72043(5) nm, b=1.19704(2) nm, c = 1.11685(3) nm, V = 2.30007(10) nm3, Z = 8, CCDC number: 194381. In complex 1, each hmt ligand acts as a μ3‐bridge to link three Ag(I) atoms and in turn every Ag(I) ion attaches to three hmt ligands to produce a 2D honeycomb network, which is further linked by the bidentate fma ligands to form a 3D noninterpenetrating open framework with one‐dimensional channels being filled by guest molecules.
Effects of Ethylene Oxide Spacer Length on Solution Properties of Water‐Soluble Fluorocarbon‐Containing Hydrophobically Associating Poly (Acrylic Acid‐co‐Rf‐PEG Macromonomer)
Authors: Li‐Bin Du , Dong‐Qing Zhuang , Shou‐Ping Liu , Yun‐Xiang Zhang
Published: September 2010

Poly (acrylic acid)s (PAAs) modified with a series of fluorocarbon group (Rf) end‐capped Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) macromonomers (number of ethylene oxide unit: 1, 9, 23, 45) and corresponding copolymers without fluorocarbon end groups were synthesized. It was found that the effect of the hydrophobic association of fluorocarbon groups on the solution viscosity prevailed over that of the hydrogen bond between grafted PEG and the backbone. Rheological measurement on the aqueous solutions of these poly (acrylic add‐co‐RrPEG macromonomer)s demonstrated that the best thickening performance was shown when the number of ethylene oxide unit (EO number) was 23.
Heck Reaction Catalyzed by Palladacycle in Neat Water
Authors: Hou Jian‐Jun , Yang Liang‐Ru , Cui Xiu‐Ling , Wu Yang‐Jie
Published: September 2010

Cyclopalladated ferrocenylimine has been found to be a type of excellent phosphine‐free catalyst for Heck reactions in neat water with both higher yields and turnover numbers than those reported in the literature up to now. Some commercial emulsifying agents, including the commonly used quaternary ammonium salts, have been proved to be excellent additives in the catalysis of the reactions. Not only aromatic iodide, but also aromatic bromide could be coupled with the olefins. All reactions were able to be conducted in air under refluxing condition.
Synthesis and Antitumor Activity of Tanshinone Analogues
Authors: Akber Aisa, Haji , Lu Wd , Cai Jun‐Chao
Published: September 2010

8,8‐Dimethyl‐5,6,7,8‐tetrahydrophenanthrene‐3,4‐dione (3) and 8,8‐dimethyl‐2‐(l‐hydroxy ethyl)‐5,6,7,8‐tetrahydrophenanthrene‐3,4‐dione (4), two analogues of the antitumor active tanshinone, were synthesized from anisole. The synthesized compounds 3 and 4 were shown to be highly active against leukemia P‐388 cell line as assayed by in vitro MTT method.
Spectral and Electrochemical Investigation of Intercalations of Adrenaline and CT‐DNA
Authors: Zheng Sai‐Jing , Lin Xiang‐Qin
Published: September 2010

A strong interaction between double stranded calf‐thymus DNA (ds‐DNA) and adrenaline in solution, but no interaction between single stranded calf‐thymus DNA (ss‐DNA) and adrenaline was observed by the use of UV‐visible spectroscopy and voltametric techniques. It is suggested that the interaction leads to an intercalation of adrenaline molecules into the groove of ds‐DNA and the formation of ds‐DNA (adrenaline), complex. The binding site size of the interaction of adrenaline with CT‐DNA in nucleotide phosphate [NP] has been determined as 25. The interaction of different concentration adrenaline with DNA modified GCE shows that the DNA modified GCE can be a good tool to detect lower concentration a‐drenaline.
Syntheses of Chiral Calix [4] arene Derivatives Bearing Amino Acid Residue
Authors: Zhang Wen‐Chun , Zheng Yan‐Song , Wang Wen‐Guang , Zheng Qi‐Yu , Huang Zhi‐Tang
Published: September 2010

The syntheses of chiral calix[4]arene derivatives bearing amino acid residue at the lower rim or upper rim by three different methods were reported.
Ion Exchange Extraction of Boron from Aqueous Fluids by Amber‐lite IRA 743 Resin
Authors: Ying‐Kai Xiao , Bu‐Yong Liao , Wei‐Guo Liu , Yun Xiao , George H. Swihart
Published: September 2010

The ion exchange characteristics of Amberlite IRA 743 resin for extracting boron from aqueous fluids have been investigated in detail. The results show that Amberlite IRA 743 resin, a boron‐specific ion exchange resin, can quantitatively extract boron as the B(OH)−4 species from weakly basic solution. Some exchangeable anions such as Cl−and SO24 are present, resulting in an increase in pH value of the loaded solution within the column, and the boron in natural aqueous fluids with low pH is also extracted by Amberlite IRA 743 resin. However, the volume of loaded solution must be restricted. The maximum volume of loaded solution giving quantitative extraction of boron decreases for sample solutions of lower pH value. Warm HG solution is more effective than room temperature HC1 solution for eluting boron from Amberlite IRA 743 resin.
Cell volume effect on the ferroelectric stability of perovskite oxides pbtio3 and batio3 from first principle calculation
Authors: Wang Yuan‐Xu , Wang Chun‐Lei
Published: September 2010

Electronic structure of ferroelectric PbTiO3 and BaTiO3 is calculated by the full potential linearized augmented plane wave method. The total energy as a function of the displacement of Ti‐cation is obtained for PbTiO3 and BaTiO3 at different cell volumes. At experimental cell volume, Ti‐displacement lowers the total energy and the ferroelectricity is stable. When the cell volume is reduced to 90%, total energy is increased with Ti‐displacement and ferroelectricity will disappear. The cell volume effect is also confirmed by comparison of the density of states of Ti and O at different cell volumes.
Studying flocculation mechanism of chitosan with pyrene‐fluorescence probe method
Authors: Chen Liang , Chen Dong‐Hui , Wu Chong‐Liang
Published: September 2010

A peak/ratio in pyrene‐fluorescence spectrum was employed to measure the polarity of micro‐environment of chitosan adsorbing pyrene molecules. The authors have in the first time detected the pyrene‐fluorescence spectrum of chitosan with different degrees of deacetylation (D. D.), and found the relationship between the flocculation of bentonite colloid by chitosan and the peak/ratio values of different molecular weight (M.W.) and D.D. of chitosan. We find that M.W. plays a key role in the flocculation, but D. D. has limited effect on it. From micro‐environmental structure of view, it can be proved that the inter‐particle bridging rather than charge neutralization dominates the flocculation with chitosan.
Ring‐opening polymerization of ε‐caprolactone by lanthanide tris (2, 6‐dimethylphenolate) s
Authors: Zhang Li‐Fang , Shen Zhi‐Quan , Yu Cui‐Ping
Published: September 2010

Lanthanide tris (2,6‐dimethylphenolate)s [Ln(ODMP)3] were used as initiators for ring‐opening polymerization of s‐caprolactone (CL) for the first time. The influence of different rare earth elements and solvents was investigated. 1H NMR spectral data of polycaprolactone (PCL) obtained showed that the polymerization mechanism is in agreement with the coordination‐insertion mechanism and the selective cleavage of the acyl‐oxygen bond of CL.
Surface modification of nano‐SiO2 by grafting PMMA/PBA
Authors: Yu Hai‐Yin , Gu Jia‐Shan , Guan Ming‐Yun , Wu Zheng‐Cui , Sun Yi‐Min , Du Jun
Published: September 2010

The surface of nano‐SiO2 was modified by being encapsulated with hydroxy‐propyl‐methyl cellulose (HPMC), and then cografted with acrylates. The grafting conditions, such as pH of the medium, and initiator concentration have been studied. The modified nano‐SiO2 particles were characterized by TEM, DSC and FT‐IR spectra. TEM images show that the surface of the nano‐particles has been successfully modified by a thick layer of film‐like polymer in this way. The DSC results show that the decomposition temperature of modified nano‐particles of SiO2 is 90 °C higher than that of grafted‐on polymer. According to the FT‐IR spectra, it is convinced that poly‐methyl methacrylate (PMMA) and poly‐acrylic butyl‐ester (PBA) were co‐grafted onto the surface of nano‐SiO2.
A Novel Diterpenoid from the Soft Coral Sarcophyton crassocaule
Authors: Xu Xiao‐Hua , Kong Chui‐Hua , Lin Chang‐Jiang , Wang Xin , Zhu Ying‐Dong , Yang Hai‐Shen
Published: September 2010

A novel hydroperoxide cembrane‐type diterpenoid was isolated from the soft coral Sarcophyton crassocaule collected from the Xisha Islands in the South China Sea. The structure of 3 was established by spectroscopy and X‐ray diffraction analysis, named as sarcophyocrassolide A. It exhibited strong cytotoxicity against the P‐388 cell line with IC50 value of 0.1 μg/mL.
Imprinted Polymeric Film‐Based Sensor for the Detection of Dopamine Using Cyclic Voltammetry
Authors: Guo Hong‐Sheng , He Xi‐Wen , Li Yi‐Jun
Published: September 2010

The imprinted polymeric film was synthesized on the glass‐carbon electrodes directly. The response to the template molecule‐dopamine and other molecules with similar structure was measured by cyclic voltammetry. The response of dopamine on imprinted electrode was much higher than that of other molecules, because of the existing of micro‐cavities in polymeric film fitting with the size and shape of dopamine in the imprinted polymer. Experimental results showed that dopamine can be enriched by the imprinted film, therefore increasing the sensitivity of the sensor. The imprinted film could also efface the interference of ascorbic acid, indicating that dopamine can be determined with a large excess of ascorbic acid.
Synthesis and Biological Activities of 4‐Arylmethylidene‐l‐aryl‐2‐(selenomorpholin‐4‐yl)‐2‐imidazolin‐5‐one
Authors: Hu Li‐Ming , Feng Ju‐Hong , Chen Zhi‐Yuan , Liu Zhao‐Jie , Xu Han‐Sheng
Published: September 2010

In a search for novel agrochemical with high activity and low toxicity, a series of substituted 4, 5‐dihydro‐imidazol‐5‐one containing selenomorpholine group were synthesized by a three‐step synthetic route starting from 2‐azido‐3‐aryl‐acrylic add ethyl ester. The structures of title compounds were confirmed by lH NMR, IR, mass spectroscopy and elemental analysis. The preliminary bioassay against Gibberella zeae, Fusarium oxysporum, Pellicularia sasakii, Physalospora piricola and Cercospora beticola indicated that most title compounds displayed fungicidal activity at the concentration of 50 ppm and compounds 41, 4n, 4o were found to have particularly high activities against Physalospora piricola. A further in vivo test showed that compounds 41, 4n and 4o possessed better fungicidal activity against Physalospora piricola at a concentration of 100 ppm than Carbendazim. To our knowledge, this is first report that 4, 5‐dihydro‐imidazol‐5‐one containing selenomorpholine group display fungicidal activity against Physalospora piricola.
Synthesis of β‐(1 → 6)‐Branched (1 → 3)‐Glucononaoside with Alternate β‐and α‐Bonds in the Backbone
Authors: Wu Zi‐Cheng , Ning Jun , Kong Fan‐Zuo
Published: September 2010

Lauryl glycoside of β‐D‐Gicp‐(1 → 3)‐[β‐D‐Glcp‐(1 → 6)‐] a‐D‐Glcp‐(1 → 3)‐β‐D‐Glcp‐(1 → 3)‐[β‐D‐Glcp‐(1 → 6)‐] a‐D‐Glcp‐(1 → 3)‐β‐D‐Glcp‐(1 → 3)‐[β‐D‐Glcp‐(1 → 6)‐]β‐D‐Glcp was synthesized through 3 + 3 + 3 strategy. 3‐O‐Allyl‐2, 4, 6‐tri‐O‐benzoyl‐β‐D‐glucopyranosyl‐(1 → 3)‐[2, 3, 4, 6‐tetra‐O‐benzoyl‐β‐D‐glucopyranosyl‐(1 → 6)‐] 1, 2‐O‐isopropylidene‐a‐D‐glucofuranose was used as the key intermediate which was converted to the corresponding trisaccharide donor and acceptor readily.
Three Stilbene Tetramers from the Roots of Caragana sinica
Authors: Ma Da‐You , Luo Hong‐Feng , Hu Chang‐Qi
Published: September 2010

Three stilbene tetramen, carasinols A‐C (1–3), along with three known substances, leachianol C, cararosinol A and stenophyllol B, were isolated from the roots of Caragana sinica. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopy. It was found that compounds isolated except for stenophyllol B stimulated the proliferation of cultured osteoblasts.
Novel and Convenient Approach to Synthesis of AZT/d4T H‐phosphonates
Authors: Lin Chang‐Xue , Fu Hua , Tu Guang‐Zhong , Zhao Yu‐Fen
Published: September 2010

A convenient, efficient and general method has been developed for synthesis of H‐phosphonate mono and diesters of AZT and d4T through one‐pot reaction of phosphonic acid with AZT or d4T and different alcohols using pivaloyl chloride as condensing agent under mild conditions.
Synthesis of (2R,3aR,8aR)‐6‐Chloro‐3a‐hydroxy‐l,2,3,3a,8,8a‐hexahydropyrrolo[2,3‐b]indole‐2‐carboxylic Acid Methyl Ester by Reductive Cyclization
Authors: Hong Wen‐Xu , Yao Zhujun
Published: September 2010

A synthesis of (2R,3aR,8aR)‐6‐chloro‐3a‐hydroxy‐1,2,3a8,8a‐hexahydropyrrolo[2,3‐b]indole‐2‐carboxylic acid methyl ester (1) was achieved. An aldol reaction with Garner aldehyde, a hydroxyl introduction by Davis reagent, and a reductive intramolecular ring‐closure reaction were served as the key steps. This piece of work provides a new way to synthesize the analogues of hexahydropyrrolo[2,3‐b]indole, starting from readily available chemical substrates and inexpensive reagents.
First Synthesis of (+)‐2,14‐Deoxyalatol from α‐Santonin
Authors: Xia Wu‐Jiong , Sun Liang‐Dong , Shi Lei , Zhang Shu‐Yu , Tu Yong‐Qiang
Published: September 2010

A novel and general approach for synthesis of the multi‐oxygenated dihydrofuran sesquiterpenes has been developed starting from santonin. The key steps involve: the strategic acid‐catalyzed double‐bond shifting affording 4, the novel base‐promoted epoxide rearrangement of 5 generating two key functionals (the C5‐OH and the Δ7,11 double bond), and the stereoselective cyclization of tetrahydrofuran ring without pre‐controlling the stereochemistry of C‐7. As an example of this approach, synthesis of (+)‐2,14‐deoxyalatol was described in detail.
Study on the Radius of an Electrical Spherical Micelle: Functional Theoretical Approach
Authors: Wang Zheng‐Wu , Huang Dong‐Yang , Yi Xi‐Zhang , Li Gan‐Zuo
Published: September 2010

For the purpose of eliminating restriction, the Poisson‐Boltzmann (PB) equation, which represents the potential of the electrical double layer of spherical micelles, can be solved analytically only under the lower potential condition, a kind of iterative method in functional analysis theory has been used. The radius of the spherical particle can be obtained from the diagram of the second iterative solution of the potential versus the distance from the center of the particle. The influences of the concentration of the ions, the charge number of ions, the aggregation number of the particle, the dielectric constant of solvent and the temperature of system on the radius also have been studied.
Biomimetic synthesis of CdSe quantum dots through emulsion liquid membrane system of gas‐liquid transport
Authors: Liu Lu , Wu Qing‐Sheng , Ding Ya‐Ping , Liu Hua‐Jie , Zhang Bao‐Quan
Published: September 2010

The cadmium selenide quantum dots (QD) have been synthesized by template‐control in an emulsion liquid membrane system. The system consisted of kerosene as solvent, L152 (dialkylene succinimide) as surfactant, N7301 (trialiphatic amine, Ra, R=C8‐C10) as carrier, 0.1 mol/L CdCl2 solution as internal‐aqueous phase and H2Se gas as external phase. Additive organic template agent in internal‐aqueous phase was necessary to fom CdSe QD. The influence of the nature of template and its concentration on sizes of the formed CdSe QD has also been studied. Transmission electron microscopy showed that the sizes of the products could be controlled down to 3‐4 nm. X‐ray diffraction analysis revealed that the crystals had cubic structure. The formation process and the optical properties of CdSe QD have also been presented.
Catalytic Conversion of 2‐Naphthol to 2‐Hydroxy‐1,4=naphthoquinone Under Mild Conditions
Authors: Yan Yan , Guo Hong‐Wei , Jian Wen‐Ping , Yang Ke‐Er , Tong Shan‐Ling , Fang Chi‐Guang , Li Qing , Chang Xin
Published: September 2010

2‐Hydroxy‐1.4‐naphthaquinone (HNQ) was selectively synthesized from catalytic oxidation of 2‐naphthol by molecular oxygen over tetra(4‐methoxyl‐phenyl)porphyrinate iron(III) chloride (TMOPPFeCl) catalyst in an alkali methanol solution under mild conditions. The influences of solvents, temperature, time, as well as amounts of catalysts and alkali were studied. The quantitative data show that 32.9% of 2‐naphthol (0.093 mol/dm3) was catalytically converted to HNQ with the selectivity of 100% at 323 K for 9 h over TMOPPFeCl catalyst (2.54→10−4 mol/dm3) in alkali media (30 mL of methanol containing 2.5 mol/dm3 of NaOH) by flowing molecular oxygen (flowing rate of 45 mL/min).