bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysing the chemical composition of sumac gummy candy from Rhus Coriaria (Sumac)
Authors: Jamir Alemsenla , Sibian Mandeep Singh
Published: August 2023

Sumac is the popular name for the genus Rhus, which is a member of the family Anacardiaceae and has over 250 distinct species of flowering plants.Sumac, or Rhus coriaria, is increasingly used in pharmacology, food science, and veterinary medicine, in addition to being used in cooking and human sustenance.In this study, the manufacture of sumac powder and its physicochemical composition of sumac gummy candy were assessed. Additionally, two varieties of sumac gummy candies with different formulations were created.Sumac gummy candies made with 20% agar, 70% sugar, and 190% sumac water in varied ratios of 90% sumac powder with 10% pomegranate juice (for coloring) and 70% sumac powder. Differences in the chemical composition and sensory qualities of the two kinds of candies were analyzed. The Nine-Point Hedonic Scale and Score Card Method were used for sensory evaluation in order to determine the best acceptable product. Based on sensory examination and chemical analysis, the sumac gummy candies (Sample A) received the highest ratings from the panelists for appearance (8.6), color (7.75), texture (8.4), taste (8.1), flavor (8.9), and overall acceptance (8.35). Moisture (32.61), ash (0.26), fat (0.52), protein (0.52), and carbohydrates (66.05) constitute the sumac gummy candy’s physicochemical composition.
FUT1 variants responsible for Bombay or para-Bombay phenotypes in a database
Authors: Soejima Mikiko , Koda Yoshiro
Published: August 2023

Rare individuals with Bombay and para-Bombay phenotypes lack or have weak expression of the ABO(H) antigens on surface of red blood cells due to no or very weak H-type α(1, 2)fucosyltransferase activity encoded byFUT1.These phenotypes are clinically important because subjects with these phenotypes can only accept transfusions of autologous blood or blood from subjects with the same phenotypes due to the anti-H antibody. To surveyFUT1alleles involved in Bombay and para-Bombay phenotypes, the effect of 22 uncharacterized nonsynonymous SNPs in the Erythrogene database on the α(1, 2)fucosyltransferase activity were examined by transient expression studies andin silicoanalysis using four different online software tools. Two nonfunctional alleles (FUT1with 503C > G and 749G > C) and one weakly functional allele (with 799T > C) were identified in transient expression studies, while the software predicted that the proteins encoded by more alleles including these would be impaired. Because both nonfunctionalFUT1alleles appear to link to the nonsecretor alleles, homozygotes of these alleles would be the Bombay phenotype. The present results suggest that functional assays are useful for characterization of nonsynonymous SNPs ofFUT1when their phenotypes are not available.
Adjuvant Chemotherapy Omission after Pancreatic Cancer Resection A French Nationwide Study
Authors: Poiraud Charles , Lenne Xavier , Bruandet Amélie , Theis Didier , Bertrand Nicolas , Turpin Anthony , Truant Stéphanie , AMRANI MEHDI EL
Published: August 2023

Background. Adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) improve the prognosis after pancreatic duct adenocarcinoma (PDAC) resection. However, previous studies have shown that a large proportion of patients do not receive or complete AC. This national study examined the risk factors for the omission or interruption of AC.
Methods. Data of all patients who underwent pancreatic surgery for PDAC in France between January 2012 and December 2017 were extracted from the French National Administrative Database. We considered “omission of adjuvant chemotherapy” (OAC) all patients who failed to receive any course of gemcitabine within 12 postoperative weeks and “interruption of AC” (IAC) was defined as less than 18 courses of AC.
Results. A total of 11 599 patients were included in this study. Pancreaticoduodenectomy was the most common procedure (76.3%), and 31% of the patients experienced major postoperative complications. OACs and IACs affected 42% and 68% of the patients, respectively. Ultimately, only 18.6% of the cohort completed adjuvant treatment. Patients who underwent surgery in a high-volume center were less affected by postoperative complications, with no impact on the likelihood of receiving AC. Multivariate analysis showed that age ≥80 years, Charlson comorbidity index (CCI)≥4, and major complications were associated with OAC (OR=2.19 ; CI95%[1.79-2.68] ; OR=1.75 ; CI95%[1.41-2.18] and OR=2.37 ; CI95%[2.15-2.62] respectively). Moreover, age ≥80 years and CCI 2-3 or ≥4 were also independent risk factors for IAC (OR=1.54, CI95%[1.1–2.15]; OR=1.43, CI95%[1.21-1.68]; OR=1.47, CI95%[1.02-2.12], respectively).
Conclusion. Sequence surgery followed by chemotherapy is associated with a high dropout rate, especially in octogenarian and comorbid patients.
Prognostic value of 18F-FDG PET in uterine cervical cancer patients with stage IIICr allocated by imaging
Authors: Isaji Yuzu , Tsuyoshi Hideaki , Tsujikawa Tetsuya , Orisaka Makoto , Okazawa Hidehiko , Yoshida Yoshio
Published: August 2023

Background
The effect on survival of radiographic lymph node metastasis in uterine cervical cancer patients is more important than before, even though its prognostic value not been well investigated. The aim of our study is to evaluate the prognostic potential of 18F-FDG PET imaging in uterine cervical cancer patients with stage IIICr allocated by imaging.
Methods
Fifty-five patients with biopsy-proven primary cervical cancer underwent definitive radiation therapy for stages IIB–IVB of the 2018 FIGO 2018 classifications. The prognostic performance of pretreatment 18F-FDG PET and CT for assessing lymph node metastasis was evaluated by two experienced readers. The PET and CT findings were correlated with the risk of progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS).
Results
Kaplan–Meier survival curves showed that PFS was significantly worse in patients with FDG uptake in lymph nodes than in those patients with no FDG uptake (p = 0.003), whereas there was no significant difference in PFS between patients with lymph nodes sized ≥ 1 cm and those sized < 1 cm (p = 0.140). Univariate analysis showed that FDG uptake in lymph nodes was significantly associated with poor PFS (p = 0.006), whereas lymph node size was not significantly associated with poor PFS (p = 0.145). In multivariate analysis, FDG uptake in lymph nodes was significantly associated with poor PFS (p = 0.006) and was an independent prognostic factor for PFS.
Conclusions
18F-FDG PET offers high prognostic value for patients with stage IIICr allocated by imaging, suggesting that 18F-FDG PET might be useful in clinical staging decisions and thus promote optimal diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
Title: The need for a closer monitoring of novel drugs in MS: a Siponimod retrospective cohort study (Realhes Study)
Authors: Sancho-López Arantxa , Ruiz-Antorán Belén , Hernangómez Teresa Iglesias , Ramírez-García Almudena , Estevez Irene Gomez , Sanabria-Cabrera Judith , Rius Roser Llop , Pedros Consuelo , Campodonico Diana , Jiménez-Jorge Silvia , Luque Amelia García , Costa Lucienne , Montane Eva , Aldea-Perona Ana , Tellez-Lara Nieves , Ferrer Montserrat Bosch , Jimenez Consuelo Rodriguez , Bonilla-Toyos Elvira , Muñoz Julia Sabín , Avendaño-Sola Cristina , Quilez Maria Rosario Blasco
Published: August 2023

Background Severe cases of lymphopenia have been reported during siponimod clinical trials, which may negatively impact its benefit/risk profile.Objective To evaluate the incidence of lymphopenia during the first 3–6 months of siponimod treatment in clinical practice. Secondary objectives include analyses of factors predisposing to and the clinical relevance of lymphopenia events.Methods In this multicenter retrospective cohort study, collected information from the medical records of 129 patients with MS, from 15 tertiary hospitals in Spain, who initiated treatment with siponimod, were followed-up for at least 3 months and had at least one lymphocyte count evaluation.Results Of the 129 patients, 121 (93.6%) reported lymphopenia events, including 110 (85.3%) with grade ≤ 3 and 11 (8.5%) with grade 4 lymphopenia, higher than those reported in the pivotal clinical trial (73.3% and 3.3% for Grade ≤ 3 and Grade 4 lymphopenia, respectively).Conclusion In this study, the incidence and severity of lymphopenia after starting siponimod treatment were higher than those reported in previous clinical trials. Therefore, our results reinforce the need for closer monitoring of novel MS drugs in clinical practice, as well as larger and longer follow up studies to properly characterize this risk.Trial registration EU PAS Register (http://encepp.eu), identifier #EUPAS45187 (January 17, 2022)
Optimization of the extraction of bioactive compounds from Clitoria ternatea L and evaluation of encapsulation by ionotropic gelation
Authors: Santana Bruna Rodrigues , Ribeiro Leomara Floriano
Published: August 2023

The aim of this work was to optimize the extraction of bioactive compounds from Clitoria ternatea L and then to encapsulate them by ionic gelation. The extraction of the bioactive compounds, using water as solvent, was carried out the solid-liquid extractions in cold and hot, obtaining a response factor the content of total phenolic compounds (TPC). The bioactive compounds of the extracts were evaluated based on the levels of TPC and total monomeric anthocyanins. Analyzes of physical, chemical, phytochemical and antioxidant potential were performed. Encapsulation was performed by ionic gelation. The capsules were evaluated by characterization and visual aspects. Simulated gastrointestinal digestibility was determined based on TPC bioaccessibility. There was no statistical difference (p ≤ 0.05) between the extracts. The quadratic mathematical model presented a correction coefficient, R² = 0.997 and R²adjust = 0.974. Hot extraction at 80°C/5 minutes at a concentration of 0.008 g/mL showed a TPC of 23.91 ± 0.90 mg (GAE)/g and 0.97 ± 0.50 mg (MVE)/g for monomeric anthocyanins. For antioxidant potential, the values ​​of ABTS, FRAP and β-carotene/linoleic acid were 84.86 ± 1.52 µM trolox/g, 220.83 ± 3.69 µM ferrous sulfate/g and 55, 95 ± 4.51%, respectively, for the same assay. Visually, the capsules had regular sizes and preserved color, high solubility (99%), encapsulation efficiency (76%). Bioaccessibility was 71% for lyophilized capsules, with greater intestinal absorption. Therefore, extracts and capsules of Clitoria ternatea L. have bioactive compounds with an antioxidant profile.
In vitro blastocyst implantation and trophoblast migration are disrupted by the UV filter benzophenone-3 (BP3)
Authors: Abud Julián Elías , Pagotto Romina , Galliani Valentina , Teglia Carla , Culzoni Julia , Bollati-Fogolín Mariela , Zenclussen María Laura , Rodríguez Horacio Adolfo
Published: August 2023

Benzophenone-3 (BP3), a common ingredient in personal care products (PCPs) due to its well-established effectiveness in blocking UV radiation, is considered an endocrine-disrupting chemical (EDC) mainly based on in vitro estrogenic and antiandrogenic effects. Sunscreen products are among the most widely used PCPs-containing BP3 applied to the skin, resulting in significant human exposure to BP3 primarily through a dermal application. In the present work, we have tested the action of BP3 using an in vitro model of anchoring and implantation of murine blastocysts as well as by analyzing the migration ability of the human trophoblast cell line Swan 71. BP3 concentrations used in our experiments were: a) 2 µg/L, based on the predicted no-effect concentration for aquatic environments; b) 20 µg/L, similar to the levels of BP3 detected in serum and amniotic fluid of pregnant mice exposed to BP3 from gestation day 0 to gd 6 by dermal exposure; and c) BP3-200 µg/L, based on plasma concentrations reached by BP3 after a whole body topical application of sunscreens in humans. We found that BP3 negatively affected critical parameters of both in vitro implantation and early embryo development and reduced trophoblast migration through the androgen receptor (AR) pathway. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that BP3 can affect early in vitro embryo implantation and trophoblast migration capacity.
Numerical Inference on the Burr-XII Distribution Parameters and Reliability Using the Runge-Kutta Method
Authors: Maswadah M.
Published: August 2023

In parameter estimation techniques, the distribution parameters are usually independent, but theoretically, they are dependent because they are estimated from the same set of samples. The parameter dependence is unlike the statistical dependence between random variables. Thus, based on this dependence, the Runge-Kutta method can be applied to estimate the Burr-XII parameters and reliability and compare them with the Bayesian estimates based on the informative and kernel priors, via Monte Carlo simulations. The simulation results indicated that the Runge-Kutta method is highly favorable, which provides better estimates and outperforms the Bayesian method using different loss functions. Finally, real data analyses are presented to demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed methods based on the generalized progressive hybrid-censoring scheme.
Computer-aided Cognitive Training Combined with tDCS Can Improve Cognitive Function and Cerebrovascular Reactivity After Ischemic Stroke: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Chen Yin , Zhao Ziqi , Huang Jiapeng , Wang Tingting , Qu Yun
Published: August 2023

Background
Cognitive impairment after stroke is one of the main functional disorders after stroke, with an incidence of up to 80%, which is the focus and difficulty of poststroke rehabilitation intervention. Computer-aided cognitive training (CACT) refers to the use of smartphones, tablet computers and other electronic devices to provide targeted training content for different cognitive function impairments. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), as a noninvasive brain stimulation technique, has shown some efficacy in the rehabilitation of cognitive impairment after stroke. This study examined the effectiveness of computer-assisted cognitive training and tDCS in the treatment of poststroke cognitive dysfunction and explored whether the combination of the two is better than any single therapy.
Methods
A total of 72 patients with PSCI admitted to the Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University from November 2021 to September 2022 were randomly divided into the control group (n=18) that patients received conventional cognitive training, tDCS group (n=18), CACT group (n=18), and CACT plus tDCS group (n=18). All four groups were given conventional drugs and rehabilitation treatment. Each group received corresponding 20-minute treatment 15 times a week for 3 consecutive weeks. The main outcome was the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) to assess patients' cognitive function, and the secondary outcomes were the Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale (IADL) to assess activities of daily living and cerebral vesselfunction tested by transcranial Doppler ultrasound (TCD). Assessment is at baseline and posttreatment.
Results
Compared with baseline, the MoCA and IADL scores significantly increased after treatment (P<0.01) in all groups, but thecombined group showed better improvement than the other three groups (P=0.006, 0.002, 0.011), and there were no significant differences within the control group, CACT group and tDCS group. Only CACT combined with tDCS group showed an advantage in improving vasomotor reactivity (p ≤ 0.05).
Conclusion
The combination of CACT and tDCS could more effectively improve PSCI and the ability of daily living in patients with cognitive impairment after stroke, and that may be associated with cerebrovascular function.
Trial registration number
The study was registered in Chinese Registry of Clinical Trials (ChiCTR2100054063). Registration date: 12/08/2021.
Breaking Barriers: Spousal Perceptions and Role in Promoting Breast Cancer Screening
Authors: Kamila Kayla Aisha , Liow Jonathan Jun Kit , Giam Freda , Lim Zi Lin , Ho Peh Joo , Sim Tomiko Mei Ying , Khng Alexis , Chin Chi Hui , Iau Philip Tsau Choong , Liu Jenny , Kwek Sing Cher , Zhang Zhi Peng , Tan Benita Kiat Tee , Tan Veronique Kiak Mien , Hartman Mikael , McCrickerd Keri , Li Jingmei
Published: August 2023

Background:
Spouses can play a role in supporting and motivating their wives’ uptake of breast cancer screening.
Methods:
We first establish the reasons for mammography screening attendance in women with no history of breast cancer (n=3,395) through a structured questionnaire. Focus group discussions (FGDs) were conducted with 19 husbands of women with no history of breast cancer. The FGD prompts included questions on husbands’ attitudes towards mammography screening, their roles in their wives’ health, and their opinions on risk-based screening. Four FGDs with 4 to 7 participants were transcribed, coded, and thematically analysed.
Results:
The analysis of the FGD’s revealed six key themes on husbands’ (median age 41 years) attitudes towards women’s breast cancer screening practices: Awareness of breast health, priorities, social support structures, fears, incentives, and attitudes towards risk-based screening, which were supported by the questionnaire data. Husbands were interested in their wives’ health and assisted in appointments. However, they lacked awareness towards breast health and screening, thus limiting their influence. There were themes identified in the questionnaire data that were not brought up in the FGDs, suggesting a possible lack of communication and sharing of health-related information between spouses. Husbands generally accepted breast cancer risk-based screening but highlighted some concerns including the frequency of testing and the interpretation of results.
Conclusion:
Extrinsic motivation from a spouse can play a crucial role in overcoming barriers, addressing fears or anxieties, and ultimately increasing the likelihood of the individual undergoing mammography screening.
Early deep-to-light sedation versus continuous light sedation for critically ill patients with mechanical ventilation: a cohort study
Authors: Xu Jiayue , He Qiao , Wang Mingqi , Wang Zichen , Wu Wenkai , Li Lingling , Wang Wen , Sun Xin
Published: August 2023

Background
The sedation strategies have not been well established for patients with invasive mechanical ventilation (MV). This study compared alternative sedation strategies – including early deep-to-light sedation (DTLS), continuous deep sedation (CDS) and continuous light sedation (CLS, the currently recommended strategy) – on ventilator, ICU or hospital mortality.
Methods
A cohort study was conducted using two large validated ICU databases, including the Registry of Healthcare-associated Infections in ICUs in China (ICU-HAI) and the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care (MIMIC). Patients who received MV for more than 3 days with one of three sedation strategies were included. Multi-variable survival analyses with inverse probability-weighted competing risk models were conducted separately for ICU-HAI and MIMIC cohorts. The adjusted estimates were pooled using fixed-effects model.
Results
In total, 6700 patients (2627 ICU-HAI, 4073 MIMIC) were included in cohort study, of whom 2689 received CLS, 2099 CDS and 1932 DTLS. Compared to CLS, DTLS was associated with lower ICU mortality (9.3% vs. 11.0%; pooled adjusted HR 0.78, 95% CI 0.66–0.94) and hospital mortality (16.0% vs. 14.1%; 0.86, CI 0.74-1.00); and CDS was associated with higher ventilator mortality (32.8% vs. 7.0%; 5.38, 4.49–6.46), ICU mortality (40.6% vs. 11.0%; 3.39, 2.95–3.90) and hospital mortality (46.8% vs. 14.1%; 3.27, 2.89–3.71) than CLS. All HRs were qualitatively consistent in both cohorts.
Conclusion
Compared to the continuous light sedation, early deep-to-light sedation strategy may improve patient outcomes, and continuous deep sedation was confirmed with poorer patient outcomes.
Effects of the Nds-powerball® System on Muscle Strength, Coordination, Fatigue, Functionality and Quality of Life in People With Multiple Sclerosis. A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Fernández Aitor Blázquez , Jiménez Gemma López Hazas , Vázquez Diego Fernández , López Víctor Navarro , González Pilar Fernández , Antón Selena Marcos , Rueda Francisco Molina , Cuerda Roberto Cano de la
Published: August 2023

Introduction
Clinical impairment of the upper limbs (UL) in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) is very common. Muscle strength and hand dexterity are critical factors in maintaining functional activities that are the basis for independence and quality of life.
Objective
Investigate the effects of a training protocol using the NDS-Powerball® system in combination with conventional physiotherapy on muscle strength, coordination, fatigue, functionality, and quality of life in persons with MS over an 8-week period.
Materials and Methods
A double-blind randomized controlled trial with two intervention groups was conducted. The control group received conventional treatment, while the experimental group received additional UL training using the NDS-Powerball® system. Both groups received the same number of sessions and weeks of intervention. The following outcome measures were used: isometric grip and pinch strength, Box and Block Test (BBT), Nine Hole Peg Test (NHPT), Abilhand scale, Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), Multiple Sclerosis Impact Scale (MSIS-29), and Likert satisfaction questionnaire for the experimental group. All measures were administered at baseline, after the treatment, and during a 3-week follow-up period.
Results
25 patients completed the study (12 persons with MS and 13 healthy control subjects). The experimental group showed significant improvements in coordination and manual dexterity of the more affected UL as measured by the BBT comparing pre- to post-treatment (p = 0.048) and pre-treatment to follow-up (p = 0.001), and on the less affected UP comparing pre-treatment to follow-up (p < 0.001) and post-treatment to follow-up (p = 0.034). The Likert-type satisfaction questionnaire obtained a mean score of 89.10 (± 8.54) out of 100 points.
Conclusions
An UL treatment protocol using the NDS-Powerball® system, in combination with conventional physiotherapy for 8 weeks resulted in significant improvements in the intra-group analysis for UL coordination and manual dexterity in favor of the experimental group. The experimental group showed excellent satisfaction to the treatment.
Molecular characterization of a novel cytorhabdovirus infecting Plumbago indica L.
Authors: Nie Zhangyao , Zhang Xiuqi , Li Yingxi , Zhang Zongying , Han Chenggui , Wang Ying
Published: August 2023

In 2021, Plumbago indica L. plants showing leaves necrotic spots were observed in Beijing, China. Through high-throughput sequencing (HTS), we discovered a putative novel Cytorhabdovirus, which was provisionally named plumbago necrotic spot associated virus (PNSaV). The full-length genome of negative-sense single-stranded RNA comprises 13,180 nucleotides and contains eight putative open reading frames (ORFs), in the order of 3′ leader-N-P′-P-P3-M-G-P6-L-5′ trailer. The phylogenetic analysis and pairwise comparisons suggested that PNSaV is closely related to chrysanthemum yellow dwarf associated virus (CYDaV), with 57.18% nucleotide sequence identity in the complete genome level and 53.00% amino acid sequence identity in the L protein level. These findings suggest PNSaV to be considered as a new member of the genus Cytorhabdovirus.
Influence of atmosphere on carbonaceous film formation in rubbing, metallic contacts
Authors: Zhang Jie , Bolle Bastien , Wong Janet S.S. , Spikes Hugh A.
Published: August 2023

Many previous researchers have reported the formation of carbonaceous tribofilms from organic lubricants on rubbing metallic surfaces. This paper shows that a very important factor in the formation of such tribofilms is the presence or absence of molecular oxygen. When steel surfaces are rubbed in saturated hydrocarbon lubricants in the absence of oxygen, for example in nitrogen or hydrogen gas, carbonaceous films form very readily, resulting in low friction and wear. However, when a significant amount of oxygen is present, as is the case in air, carbonaceous tribofilms are not generally formed, so friction and wear are very high, with values comparable to those seen when no lubricant is present. In-situ Raman analysis combined with gas switching experiments shows that the carbonaceous films formed during rubbing when no oxygen is present are rapidly removed during rubbing in air, while tests in which lubricant is removed during a test in N2 indicate that the films are quite weak. This suggests that these carbonaceous films are being continually removed and replenished during rubbing in oxygen-free conditions. It is proposed that these carbonaceous films are formed from hydrocarbyl free radicals that are generated mechanochemically from hydrocarbon molecules during rubbing. In the absence of oxygen, these free radicals then react together to form a carbonaceous film. However, when oxygen is present, the hydrocarbyl free radicals react extremely rapidly with oxygen molecules to produce hydroperoxyl free radicals and so are no longer available to generate a carbonaceous tribofilm.
Are native plants always better for wildlife than invasives? Insights from a community-level bird-exclusion experiment
Authors: Clark Robert E , Carter Wales A , Ku Timothy C.W. , Seewagen Chad L
Published: August 2023

Biological invasions can threaten biodiversity by outcompeting native species and disrupting food webs. Invasive species are now a leading driver of biodiversity and imperiled species declines worldwide. In temperate forests of eastern North America, understory plant communities are frequently dominated by invasive woody shrubs and trees. For many species of insectivorous birds and mammals, these invasive plants may threaten populations by providing less and/or lower quality food. Conservation practitioners expend significant resources to remove invasive plants, but evidence that such practices improve food abundance or quality to wildlife is surprisingly limited. Using a bird exclusion experiment, we compared arthropod abundance, biomass, and quality (protein content), and bird foraging intensity among four invasive and six native woody plant species in a Connecticut, USA forest. Analysis revealed instances where native trees were actually poorer foraging resources for songbirds than certain species of invasive shrubs. Some invasive species, such as honeysuckle (Lonicera morrowii), supported higher arthropod biomass and protein content than the native plants. Conversely, Japanese barberry had fewer arthropods overall and arthropods of lower protein quality compared to native shrubs. Contrary to predictions from other food web experiments, bird predation effects were of similar magnitude on native and invasive plants, demonstrating that insectivorous songbirds foraged as intensively on the invasive plants as they did on the native plants. We recommend a more nuanced, regionally tailored and species-specific approach to invasive plant management that targets species that provide low-quality foraging opportunities relative to the quality of the local native plant community.
Association between obstructive sleep apnea and metabolic fatty liver disease in the US population: a study based on the 2017-2018 NHANES database.
Authors: Zhu Meng , Pan Fuzhen , Jia Lingjuan , Wu Ruihua , Zhao Yuzhe , Zheng Weifang , Zhang Yongsheng
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND We included participants aged 18 years or older from the 2017–2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).METHODS The association between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) score and metabolic fatty liver disease (MAFLD) was assessed using weighted univariate and multivariate logistic regression and restricted cubic spline (RCS). Interaction and subgroup analyses and sensitivity analyses were also performed to assess the stability of the results.RESULTS Of the 4263 participants in this study, the mean age was 46.59 years, of which 2175 (51.02%) were female and 2379 (55.81%) had metabolic fatty liver disease. In multivariate logistic regression analyses, metabolic fatty liver was positively associated with metabolic fatty liver in all models except education and aspartate aminotransferase. Multivariable-adjusted restricted triple spline analysis in women showed a linear association between OSA.MAP score and risk of MAFLD (linear p < 0.001), with a median OSA.MAP of 0. 241.In the OSA.MAP score of (0.635,0.998], the OR (95% CI) for women was 7.94 (2.54,24.80). In subgroup analyses, OSA risk scores (< 0.5 low risk, >=0.5 high-risk groups) were associated with sex (interaction P = 0.06), age (interaction P = 0.01), and smoking (interaction P = 0.03). In sensitivity analyses, the association between OSA symptoms and metabolic fatty liver remained stable after adjusting for AST and education or performing up to three-quartile category sensitivity analyses.CONCLUSION Metabolic fatty liver severity may be related to the degree of OSA symptoms. This association was particularly found in female participants.
Effect of oxygen content in printing environment on browning of banana gel system during 3D printing
Authors: Wang Xin , Zhang Min , Tang Tiantian , Guo Zhimei
Published: August 2023

3D printing is an important way of food processing. However, some fruit and vegetable inks are prone to oxidative browning during 3D printing. In this study, different mass ratios of banana paste and potato powder were used as printing inks to investigate the effects of different oxygen content on the browning of banana-based gel system. The results showed that the optimal printing ink ratio of banana paste and potato powder was 87.5%: 12.5%. With the lower the oxygen content in the environment, the degree of browning of banana-based ink during the printing process was smaller, and the loss of polyphenols, flavonoids and antioxidant capacity was less. When the oxygen content was below 1%, there was no visual browning. This study has certain reference significance for inhibiting the browning of highly oxidative systems during 3D printing.
Differential Roles of Highly Expressed PFKFB4 across Stages in Colon Adenocarcinoma Patients
Authors: Gu Xiaojing , Dai Xingchen , Huang Yongli , Zhang Yuhuan , Dong Lintao , Gao Chanchan , Wang Fang
Published: August 2023

Colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) is a common malignant tumor, and the role of the protein PFKFB4 in glycolysis and pentose phosphate pathways is crucial. Researchers investigated the clinical significance of PFKFB4 in COAD by studying its expression in 79 tissue samples using immunohistochemistry. They found that PFKFB4 expression was significantly higher in COAD patients, particularly in the sigmoid colon. Interestingly, high PFKFB4 expression was associated with both improved overall survival (OS) and worse progression-free survival (PPS) in COAD patients. Further analysis revealed that genes associated with PFKFB4 were linked to various metabolic pathways, including amino acid biosynthesis, glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, glucose metabolism, and inflammatory response. PFKFB4 expression also showed correlations with the infiltration of different immune cell types in COAD patients, such as CD8 + T cells, CD4 + T cells, regulatory T cells (Tregs), macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, active mast cells, and resting NK cells. Overall, the relationship between PFKFB4 expression and the prognosis of COAD is complex and diverse, possibly playing different roles at different stages of the disease. Moreover, its mechanism might involve interactions with various metabolic pathways and immune infiltration in the tumor microenvironment. These findings provide valuable insights into the potential role of PFKFB4 as a biomarker or therapeutic target in COAD.
Evaluating genetic diversity in different populations’ of six salvia species through R-ISSR markers analysis
Authors: Hejazi Seyed Mohsen Hesamzadeh
Published: August 2023

The assessment of genetic diversity is crucial for understanding the evolutionary dynamics and conservation implications of plant species. In this study, we employed R-ISSR markers to evaluate the genetic diversity in six Salvia species (S. verticillata, S. glutinosa, S. reutriana, S. hypoleuca, S. leriifolia, and S. limbata) across multiple populations’ in Iran. A total of 28 populations (92 specimens) were sampled, and DNA analysis was performed using R-ISSR markers to assess genetic variation. After screening of 10, R-ISSR primers, four primers that produced clear and reproducible fragments were selected for further analysis.The four primers generated 93 bands ranging in size from 100 to 2000 bp, corresponding to an average of 23.25 bands per primer. Polymorphic information content (PIC value) ranged from 0.223 to 0.260 and marker index (MI) ranged from 4.43 to 6.02 per primer. The primers P9 had the highest PIC (0.260) and P1 had the highest MI (6.02) values. The mean coefficient of gene differentiation (Gst) was 0.7014, indicating that 48% of the genetic diversity resided within the populations’. Based on the general results obtained from this research, various hypothesizes including genetic differentiation, population structure, limited gene flow, marker utility and genetic affinities can be proposed. The observed polymorphism and genetic diversity within and among populations’ of Salvia species suggest that there is significant genetic differentiation between populations’. This could be due to factors such as geographic isolation, habitat differentiation, or reproductive barriers. The clustering analysis and sub-clustering patterns indicate the presence of distinct genetic clusters and subpopulations’ within each Salvia species. The AMOVA results and significant genetic variation among populations’ suggest limited gene flow between populations, potentially influenced by geographical barriers or ecological factors. The primers P1 and P9, which exhibited high levels of polymorphism, can serve as valuable tools for future breeding studies and germplasm management in Salvia species. The genetic affinities and relatedness observed among some populations suggest that certain Salvia species are more closely related to each other than to others.
Fundamental Period Prediction of Infill Reinforced Concrete Structures using an Ensemble of Regressors
Authors: Vijayan Vidya , Joy Chinsu Mereena , Shailesh S
Published: August 2023

The fundamental period places an important role when a structure is designed for seismic load. Infill walls are non-load-bearing walls created mostly from masonry, concrete, and other heavy materials, filled in the primary structural frame for a proper structural cladding system. As a result, this infill wall will increase the stiffness of the structure, thereby fundamental time period is significantly changed. Most of the studies on the fundamental period are not giving much importance to the infill walls even though it is crucial to be analyzed. In this work, we propose an automated and efficient analysis method for predicting the fundamental period of infill Reinforced Concrete frames using machine learning techniques. As the nature of dependency of different independent variables considered in this study is unknown, different regression techniques were chosen for this purpose. So we rely upon an exceptional machine learning technique called ensemble learning, which combines predictions from different models to deduce the final prediction more accurately. The storey numbers, number of spans, length of span, stiffness of infill wall, and percentage of openings are set as input factors, while the value of the fundamental time period is chosen as an output. The proposed regression model's correctness is verified by comparing it to existing formulae in the literature. As a result, in comparison to statistical models, the linear regression model shows an r2 value of 0.98921 and has better ability, flexibility, and accuracy.
Pathogenic SCN2A variants are associated with familial and sporadic hemiplegic migraine
Authors: Riant Florence , Thompson Christopher H. , DeKeyser Jean-Marc , Abramova Tatiana V. , Gazal Steven , Moulin Thierry , Chaigne Denys , Kort Lotfi , Corpechot Michaelle , Tournier-Lasserve Elisabeth , George Alfred L. , Ducros Anne
Published: August 2023

Background: Familial hemiplegic migraine is a severe autosomal dominant subtype of migraine with aura characterized by transient motor weakness during attacks. Previously identified genes CACNA1A, ATP1A2, SCN1A and PRRT2 account for less than 20% of cases with hemiplegic migraine referred for genetic diagnosis.
Objectives and Methods: To identify a novel gene, we conducted a whole-genome linkage analysis combined with mini-exome sequencing in a four-generation pedigree with hemiplegic migraine. A candidate ion channel gene was analyzed for mutations in six other affected pedigrees comprising at least three available affected members, and in a large panel of unrelated probands with hemiplegic migraine referred for molecular diagnosis, all without mutations in the known genes. The functional consequences of the identified variants were determined.
Results: In the discovery pedigree, we identified a heterozygous missense mutation (c.4438A>G, p.Lys1480Glu) in the neuronal voltage-gated sodium channel gene SCN2A, which cosegregated with the hemiplegic migraine phenotype. We detected another mutation (c.769T>A, p.Phe257Ile) cosegregating with hemiplegic migraine in a second family, in which two members also had infantile seizures. A third variant (c.3955C>G, p.Arg1319Gly) was found in a sporadic hemiplegic migraine case. All three SCN2A variants were absent in the genome aggregation database gnomAD. Heterologous expression in HEK293T cells coupled with automated patch clamp recording demonstrated abnormal voltage-dependent and kinetic properties of all three SCN2A variants.
Conclusions:Dysfunction of the neuronal sodium channel SCN2A can be associated with familial and sporadic hemiplegic migraine. Our finding expands the genetic landscape for migraine and contributes to the diverse genotype-phenotype spectrum associated with SCN2A.
Profile Verification and Secured Social Engineering with Machine Learning Models
Authors: GUPTA MANASI , RAJKUMAR SUJATHA , ELANGO KONGUVEL , SUBRAMANIAM SIVA KUMAR
Published: August 2023

Digital media as a platform is one of highest interactive yet sensitive arenas of information technology. With the rise of Online Social Networks, the idea of authentic identity is often seen on the brink of attack with the impact of cases of Social Engineering and other forms of Cyber Threats. The research here mainly aims at developing a Profile Verification Model with existing datasets from platforms such as Instagram. This includes understanding the behavioural aspects of interactions with masked identity elements such as bots and fake accounts Using the concepts of Supervised Machine Learning, its objective is to use existing algorithms such as Random Forest Classifier, K-Nearest Neighbour Classifier, and Linear SVM, using data pre-processing techniques to transform valid input training and testing formats. Finally, drawing comparative results using mathematical operations for accuracy and testing and depict the same through data visualization tools.
Temporal dynamics of the fecal microbiome in female pigs from early life through estrus, parturition, and weaning of the first litter of piglets
Authors: Gaire Tara N. , Scott H. Morgan , Noyes Noelle R. , Ericsson Aaron C. , Tokach Michael D. , William Hayden , Menegat Mariana B. , Vinasco Javier , Nagaraja T. G. , Volkova Victoriya V.
Published: August 2023

Background
Age-associated changes in the gastrointestinal microbiome of young pigs have been robustly described; however, the temporal dynamics of the gut microbiome of the female pig from early life to first parity are not well understood. Our objective was to describe microbiome and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) dynamics of the fecal microbiome of breeding sows from early life through estrus, parturition and weaning of the first litter of piglets (i.e., from 3 to 53 weeks of age).
Results
Our analysis revealed that fecal bacterial populations in developing gilts undergo changes consistent with major maturation milestones. As the pigs progressed towards first estrus, the fecal bacteriome shifted from Rikenellaceae RC9 gut group- and UCG-002-dominated enterotypes to Treponema- and Clostridium sensu stricto 1-dominated enterotypes. After first estrus, the fecal bacteriome stabilized, with minimal changes in enterotype transition and associated microbial diversity from estrus to parturition and subsequent weaning of first litter piglets. Unlike bacterial communities, fecal fungal communities exhibited low diversity with high inter- and intra-pig variability and an increased relative abundance of certain taxa at parturition, including Candida spp. Counts of resistant fecal bacteria also fluctuated over time, and were highest in early life and subsequently abated as the pigs progressed to adulthood.
Conclusions
The bacterial community and antimicrobial resistance of fecal bacteria in female pigs exhibited a stereotypic trajectory primarily driven by the physiological aging process. The fecal bacteriome enterotypes and diversity are found to be age-driven and established by the time of first estrus, with minimal changes observed during subsequent physiological stages, such as parturition and lactation, when compared to the earlier age-related shifts. Future analysis is needed to understand how our results compare to human microbiome dynamics, but the use of pigs as a model for humans is well-established and our findings suggest that the swine fecal microbiome matures in a stereotypic manner, which is a beneficial characteristic for an animal model system.
Factors affecting public transportation in the Covid-19 period
Authors: Kovács Tünde , Huzsvai László , Nagy Adrián , Nábrádi András , Tóth Szabolcs , Bittner Beáta
Published: August 2023

In the European Union Member States, the share of public transport use from the turn of the millennium to the beginning of the pandemic period was 17–18%, while in Hungary, it was 27%. The number of public transport users has fallen due to the Covid-19 virus to 13% in the EU and 21% in Hungary. The decrease can be attributed to changes in travel habits and the impact of the measures taken in the context of the virus situation. In Debrecen, Hungary's second-largest city, the situation is similar. During a shorter period of the first wave of the virus, the public service operator realized only 30% of its usual revenue. The present study analyzes the relationship between the number of active cases of Covid-19, the impact of the measures taken and the number of paying passengers on public transport in Debrecen. Four hypotheses were put forward: 1) travel tickets, 2) general passes, 3) discount passes and 4) supplement passes were influenced by the evolution of Covid-19's active caseload. The data were collected from the Debrecen Transport Company (DKV) for 2020.01–2021.12, and the active Covid-19 case numbers were collected from the Worldometers.info database. Statistical analyses were performed using the ARMA (autoregressive and moving-average) model. We found that all four of our hypotheses had to be rejected, as Covid's active caseload did not influence sales of tickets and various passes.
Distribution characteristics, source analysis and risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in sediments of Kuye River: A river in a typical energy and chemical industry zone
Authors: Liu Jinhui , Zhang Aining , Yang Zhuangzhuang , Wei Chunxiao , Yang Lu , Liu Yongjun
Published: August 2023

This study systematically analysed the distribution characteristics, sources and risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Kuye River sediments in an energy and chemical industry base in northern Shaanxi, China. The results revealed the concentrations of 16 PAHs in the sediment ranged from 1090.04 to 32175.68 ng∙g− 1 dw, with the highest proportion of 4-rings PAHs; PMF revealed the main sources of PAHs were the incomplete combustion of fossil fuel, biomass combustion and traffic emissions. The total toxic equivalent concentration of BaP, risk quotient and life time carcinogenic risk of PAHs suggested the moderate to high contamination of PAHs. The higher ILCR indicated the ingestion of PAHs was the main way to impact public health, and children should be more susceptible to PAHs. This study could provide theoretical support for pollution prevention measures and ecological restoration strategies for rivers in energy and chemical areas.
Comorbidities of Prurigo nodularis in Chinese patients: a multicentre retrospective study
Authors: Yin Mengting , Zhong Weilong , Zhou Keren , Dou Xia
Published: August 2023

Prurigo nodularis is a chronic pruritic dermatological disease that is known to be associated with various comorbidities. However, there has been a lack of comorbidity comdition studies specifically focusing on Chinese patients with prurigo nodularis, resulting in a dearth of representative data. To address this gap, we conducted a data collection effort spanning over 16 months, involving collaboration with more than 100 hospitals in China. The collected data was then subjected to statistical analysis, utilizing the Student's t-test to assess differences between two groups, and logistic regression to identify risk factors associated with different comorbidities. The findings of our study revealed that allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, asthma, and food allergy were the most prevalent comorbidities observed in this patient population. Comorbidities exhibit a higher likelihood of impacting males (OR, 1.539; 95% CI, 1.136–2.084), and individuals with comorbidities tend to experience more severe pruritus compared to those without (P = 0.014). Furthermore, this study highlights the intricate interplay among comorbidities.
The relationship between Iranian nurse’s Conflict management Style, their Job Satisfaction and job stress during the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Ganjkhani Ashraf , Esmaeili Maryam , Ashrafizadeh Hadis , Hajibabaee Fatemeh , Haghani Shima
Published: August 2023

Background: one of the influential factors on nurses’ job satisfaction and stress is their conflict management style in the workplace. Conflict management indicates the proper employment of appropriate approaches in a conflict. This study was conducted to determine the relationship between Iranian nurses’ conflict management style, job satisfaction and job stress during the covid-19 pandemics.
Methods: This cross-sectional correlation study was conducted in 2021 in Iran. One hundred eighty nurses who met the inclusion criteria were selected through a stratified random sampling method and were included in the study. In this research, the data collection instruments were demographic data, the Thomas Kilmann conflict management styles questionnaire, the Minnesota Job Satisfaction Scale, and the Osipow job stress assessment, which the nurses completed through self-reporting. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential in the SPSS software version 25.
Results: In the assessment of the relationship between job satisfaction and conflict management styles, the only statistically significant relationship was found between conflict management styles and the physical environment (P=0.01), and there was no significant relationship regarding other dimensions of job satisfaction (P>0.05). Moreover, no significant relationships existed between dimensions of conflict management and job stress (P>0.05).
Conclusions: As in the current study, conflict management styles during the covid-19 pandemic did not correlate with environmental and personal factors, and therefore, these two variables can be influenced by factors other than interpersonal interactions such as environmental and personal factors. Therefore, more research in this field can be complementary to our findings. Proper training regarding conflict management style is necessary for nursing managers since they need to identify conflicts and their causes and address them promptly and effectively, particularly in crises and pandemics.