bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EL ESTADO DEL ARTE DE LOS PROBIÓTICOS EN LA ACUICULTURA
Authors: Álvarez-Narváez David Jordi
Published: January 2024

Actualmente la acuicultura produce la mitad de los organismos del medio acuático que se consume en el mundo, en México esta actividad debe de tender a la sustentabilidad, propiciando que los medios de producción y los productos obtenidos incrementen su calidad y cantidad, se diversifiquen y disminuyan su impacto ambiental. Por lo anterior en este trabajo se analizó información referente al uso de probióticos en la acuicultura y su perspectiva actual de desarrollo en México y el mundo; para ello se compiló la literatura disponible sobre probióticos en procesos relacionados con las técnicas acuícolas, con énfasis en la evaluación de los efectos positivos en la producción y sustentabilidad de los cultivos. La información analizada permite establecer que, la resistencia de los microorganismos patógenos a antibióticos se ha vuelto un problema en esta actividad cuando se desea prevenir o tratar enfermedades en las especies cultivadas, además de que en los cultivos se pretende lograr que los organismos crezcan en menos tiempo y con ello mejorar su medio, haciendo énfasis en la calidad de los suelos y del agua en donde se realizan dichos cultivos. Se ha demostrado que los probióticos en la acuacultura pueden tener grandes beneficios, como, por ejemplo: estimular la respuesta inmune, incrementar la sobrevivencia de las post-larvas, estimular el sistema digestivo para un mayor aprovechamiento de nutrientes, asimismo incrementar la resistencia a enfermedades de los organismos, estimular el crecimiento y por último reducir significativamente la producción de residuos contaminantes. Los probióticos más utilizados son las bacterias ácido lácticas, los géneros más utilizados son Bacillus y Streptomyces, además de microalgas y levaduras. En México se han realizado estudios del uso de probióticos en procesos de producción acuícola y se han realizado diversos trabajos acerca del efecto benéfico o adverso hacia los organismos cultivados, pero aún falta estudiar más
The impact of changes in housing prices on China’s economy
Authors: Ouyang Jiani
Published: January 2024

China’s housing prices have experienced significant fluctuations over the years, with some cities experiencing rapid increases and others showing signs of stabilization. Similarly, China’s GDP growth has been a topic of interest, with the country maintaining robust economic expansion. This paper will start with the background of Chinese housing prices. A theoretical analysis will be conducted on the dynamic changes in China’s housing prices and GDP. Subsequently, I will analyze the impact of housing prices on economic growth and conclude that a steady increase in housing prices benefits economic growth. In contrast, a rapid rise in housing prices is not conducive to economic growth. Finally, I will provide a relevant policy recommendation regarding China’s current housing price issues.
Feminist Voices under the Lens of ‘Barbie’: An Analysis of Discourse Transmission and Mass Resonance in XiaoHongShu
Authors: Lin Yujia
Published: January 2024

Social media platforms are revolutionizing the way users communicate by increasing the exposure to highly stigmatized issues in the society. Feminism is one such topic that recently took over social media. This paper studies the attributes of XiaoHongShu user toward the feminism related topics, by content analysis of the online posts via #Barbie on XiaoHongShu, a sharing platform. The findings show that majority of XiaoHongShu user have positive attitudes to feminism-related topics in Barbie movie by analyzing the posts and comments are shared on this platform. Besides, XiaoHongShu commentators are mainly focused on eleven topics related to feminism: gender consciousness and self-perception, gender equality and affirmative action, gender discrimination, gender violence, gender roles, body perception and self-confidence, gender image, gender economics, female autonomy, female bonds and friendship and others. This research indicated that social media platforms have proven to be fertile ground for movements such as feminism, facilitating the dissemination of perspectives and the fostering of dialogue.
The Driving Factors of Stock Price Crash Risk
Authors: Zhang Shuhua
Published: January 2024

Factors that increase the likelihood of a stock market collapse are examined in this study via a review of the empirical literature. We focus on the main drivers relating to the potential for a decline in stock prices, including market factors, variables unique to the company, and those industry- and country-wide factors. Our findings suggest a multi-faceted phenomenon linked to the potential fall of stock prices. Market parameters, including liquidity, market capitalization, and volatility, influence the likelihood of a stock price fall.Similarly, firm-specific factors, such as leverage, leverage ratio, and firm size, significantly impact stock price crash risk. Finally, macroeconomic factors, such as GDP growth, inflation rate, and exchange rate, are also important factors that might cause a stock market meltdown. In conclusion, the danger of a fall in stock prices is influenced by various circumstances and is a complicated and multi-faceted phenomenon.
A Machine Learning Approach for Improved Thermal Comfort Prediction in Sustainable Built Environments
Authors: Abd El-khalik Waleed
Published: January 2024

Thermal comfort prediction within sustainable built environments stands as a pivotal challenge intertwining human well-being and environmental sustainability. This paper presents a pioneering framework leveraging machine learning methodologies to advance predictive models for thermal comfort. Drawing upon a comprehensive dataset sourced from ASHRAE field studies and the RP-884 database, comprising 107,463 entries, our study unfolds a novel approach to enhancing thermal comfort predictions. The integration of diverse physiological parameters, environmental data, and occupant preferences forms the foundation of our machine learning-driven framework. Through meticulous analysis and model development, our approach not only refines predictive accuracy but also underscores adaptability across varying environmental contexts. The study contributes not only to the discourse on thermal comfort prediction but also emphasizes the crucial nexus between sustainable design, occupant well-being, and energy efficiency.
Machine Intelligence Framework for Predictive Modeling of CO2 Concentration: A Path to Sustainable Environmental Management
Authors: Abouhawwash Mohamed , Jameel Mohammed , S. Askar Sameh
Published: January 2024

Climate change poses critical challenges, necessitating accurate and timely monitoring of CO2 concentrations for sustainable environmental management. Traditional methods for CO2 prediction exhibit limitations in precision and scalability. This paper introduces a novel Machine Intelligence Framework (MIF) specifically designed for predictive modeling of CO2 concentration levels. Leveraging advanced machine learning algorithms and data processing techniques, MIF aims to address the existing research gap by offering enhanced accuracy and adaptability in CO2 forecasting. Motivated by the urgency to combat climate change, this research develops a comprehensive framework integrating predictive modeling with machine intelligence. The methodology involves algorithm design, data integration, and model validation to demonstrate the efficacy of MIF. Results showcase superior performance in CO2 prediction compared to conventional approaches, emphasizing the framework's potential for guiding environmental policies and conservation strategies.
Contribution of Marketing Mix and its Impact on Purchasing Decisions of Siantano Furniture Products
Authors: Eva Yuniarti Utami  , Nurlaila Syarfiah Asfo  , Rudi Kurniawan  , Kushariyadi  , Isma Andika
Published: January 2024

This study aims to determine the effect and contribution of the marketing mix on purchasing decisions for Siantano Furniture Products that exist and are sold at PT Mega Indah Saru Timor (Misi Depo Bangunan) in Makassar City. The sample in this study were 96 Siantano furniture consumers who were coincidentally met by researchers and deemed suitable as respondents so that the Accidental Sampling method was used. Data collection was carried out using questionnaire, interview and documentation methods. The data analysis technique used is multiple linear regression analysis using Statistical Product and Servise Solution (SPSS) Version 25 and hypothesis testing using the F test and t test. The results of the study prove that part of the independent variables of the Marketing Mix, namely Product, Price, Place and Promotion have a positive and significant influence on the dependent variable, namely the Decision to Purchase Siantano Furniture Products at the Building Depot Mission in Makassar City. Products are the most dominant variable and have a significant effect on Purchasing Decisions for Siantano Furniture Products at the Building Depo Mission in Makassar City and are proven to be acceptable. Product is one of the variables that become the image of Siantano furniture which attracts consumers to buy these products.
Does Brand Image affect the Purchase Decision of the ASUS Brand Laptop among Students?
Authors: Indah Wati  , Soemarno Hidayatullah. S  , Muhlis  , Eva Yuniarti Utami  , Ilma Wulansari Hasdiansa
Published: January 2024

This research aims to find out whether brand image among students influences the decision to purchase Asus brand laptops. The sample in this research was consumers using Asus laptops, namely 96 people who were accidentally met by the researchers and deemed suitable as respondents, so the accidental sampling method was used. Data collection was carried out using questionnaires, interviews, and documentation methods. The data analysis technique used is multiple linear regression analysis using Statistical Product and Service Solution (SPSS) v.20 and hypothesis testing using the t test and F test. The results of the research show that partially the product image has a positive and significant influence on purchasing decisions regarding Asus laptops among students. Brand image consisting of company image, user image and product image simultaneously has a positive and significant influence on the decision to purchase Asus laptops among students. This means that the brand image of Asus laptops is one of the factors in consumer purchasing decisions.
AKTUALISASI LAYANAN BIMBINGAN DAN KONSELING DI SMP NEGERI 2 KARAWANG
Authors: Saputra Adzra Emalis , Komala Titi , Gania Salma , Sa'diyah Salwa Halimatus , Farida Nur Aini
Published: January 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggali aktualisasi pelayanan bimbingan dan konseling di SMPN 2 Karawang Timur.  Dengan jenis penelitian kualitatif,  pendekatan dilakukan melalui teknik observasi dan metode studi pustaka. Data utama diambil dari wawancara dan referensi penulis yang tersebar dalam buku-buku dan jurnal-jurnal, kemudian diolah dan dianalisis untuk merumuskan tujuan penelitian.  Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa bimbingan dan konseling di SMPN 2 Karawang Timur memiliki peran krusial dalam pengembangan peserta didik secara pribadi, sosial, belajar dan karir.  Meski layanan tersebut bersifat proaktif dan sistematis, kendala muncul akibat keterbatasan jumlah tenaga bimbingan dan konseling di sekolah. Meskipun sudah optimal, belum maksimal karena adanya keterbatasan personil. Layanan tersebut melibatkan berbagai aspek termasuk orientasi, konsultasi dan konseling kelompok. Program ini Seharusnya disusun secara kolaboratif oleh Guru bimbingan dan konseling dengan melibatkan tenaga pendidik lainnya. Kendala utama dalam pengaktualisasian layanan bimbingan dan konseling di SMPN 2 Karang Timur adalah keterbatasan personil dan minimnya pengetahuan siswa tentang layanan yang tersedia. Penelitian ini memberikan pemahaman lebih mendalam tentang bimbingan dan konseling serta menyoroti Bagaimana pengaktualisasian layanan ini dapat meningkatkan program pendidikan dan pembelajaran secara keseluruhan.
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN MEDIA SOSIAL TERHADAP AKHLAK PESERTA DIDIK
Authors: Suwahyu Irwansyah
Published: January 2024

This study examines how the use of social media by students at SMA UII Yogyakarta affects their morals. The method used in this study is a combination method or mixed methods. Where the design uses a sequential explanatory model. This study reveals in advance how often students use social media through a quantitative approach by analyzing the results of student questionnaires. And then describe it using a qualitative approach. The result of this study is that the level of students' use of social media is 80%. And when it is associated with morals, the behavior is positive. However, in an in-depth study through interview questions and observations made on students' social media accounts, negative things were found. So it can be concluded that social media that is used too often will have a negative impact on the morals of students.
Capa
Authors: Redes Luí­s Filipe
Published: January 2024

Capa da revista
O ensino da oralidade em sala de aula
Authors: Graça Luciana
Published: January 2024

A oralidade constituiu-se, durante largas décadas, como o parente pobre da Didática do Português (Lafontaine, 2000, p. 42). Foi de facto só nas últimas décadas que avanços mais significativos ocorreram, com a oralidade a assumir um papel de maior destaque nesta disciplina. Houve, por exemplo, quer uma progressiva valorização deste domínio por parte das instâncias educativas, e consubstanciada nos próprios documentos normativos ministeriais, quer um incremento do número de investigações e de publicações na área, à semelhança do que vinha já a acontecer em outros países. Entre as possíveis razões para este interesse crescente, apontam Dumas e Lafontaine (2011, p. 285) as seguintes quatro: conhecimentos insuficientes de ensino e de avaliação da oralidade; falta de formações em didática da oralidade para professores e futuros professores; imprecisões nos programas de estudos; e carência de materiais didáticos e de ferramentas de avaliação.
Afinal, o que é uma apresentação oral?
Authors: Jorge Noémia , Carreira Inês
Published: January 2024

A apresentação oral é um género de texto que, pode convocar outros géneros textuais (por exemplo, a síntese, a apreciação crítica ou o texto de opinião…), e implicar a ativação de diferentes capacidades de linguagem (narrar, argumentar, expor…), no âmbito do “oral formal”. Depois de sintetizarmos as principais características da apresentação oral (a nível temático-estrutural, linguístico e extralinguístico), apresentamos uma proposta de modelo didático deste género, destinada ao 5.º ano de escolaridade e orientada para o desenvolvimento de três capacidades de linguagem distintas, no âmbito da disciplina de Português: exposição, reconto e tomada de posição (cf. Aprendizagens Essenciais de Português – 5.º ano).
‘Português à Vista’
Authors: Pereira João Paulo
Published: January 2024

‘Português à Vista’ é uma plataforma digital de materiais didáticos audiovisuais para o ensino e aprendizagem do Português como Língua Não Materna que resulta de um projeto de investigação levado a cabo na Universidade de São José, em Macau, tendo como principais objetivos responder aos novos desafios impostos pelas formas digitais de representação do discurso e às dificuldades que os aprendentes dos vários níveis de proficiência linguística evidenciam na compreensão de textos orais. Neste artigo, daremos a conhecer os fundamentos teóricos que presidiram à criação dos materiais didáticos que, como se verá, dão grande relevo às atividades provenientes da abordagem metacognitiva (ainda praticamente ausente dos materiais didáticos existentes nesta área). Apresentaremos depois a plataforma, dando conta das suas funcionalidades, organização dos materiais e a estrutura das sequências didáticas.
The Effect of Compensation and Work Discipline on Performance with Career Development as an Intervening Variable in PT Hutama Karya Infrastruktur Binjai-Brandan Zone IV
Authors: Muhammad Yuanto  , M. Isa Indrawan  , Mesra B.
Published: January 2024

This study aims to determine the effect of Compensation and Work Discipline on Performance with Career Development as an Intervening Variable at PT Hutama Karya Infrastruktur Binjai-Brandan Zone IV. The population and sample in this study were contract employees of PT Hutama Karya Infrastruktur Pembangunan Tol Pekanbaru-Padang, Padang Siring Section totaling 82 respondents. With sampling techniques, namely saturated samples. The data analysis technique in this study uses (SEM) structural equation modeling using the help of smartPLS. The results of this study showed that work discipline had no effect on performance. Work discipline affects career development. Compensation affects performance. Compensation affects career development. Career development affects performance. Compensation affects performance through career development as an intervening variable. Work discipline has no effect on performance through career development as an intervening variable.
Implementation Of The Principle Of Equality Before The Law In The Settlement Of Industrial Relations Disputes In The Industrial Relations Court
Authors: Siti Nurhayati
Published: January 2024

The State of Indonesia is a State of law. One of the principles of the rule of law is the guarantee of the exercise of the power of an independent judicial institution, free from all interference by extra-judicial powers. The judicial power itself is an independent power, one of which is through the Principle of Objectivity which requires that dispute resolution will be good and acceptable to all parties, if carried out impartially (impartially), objectively, and fairly. The hopes above arise from the existence of the Principle of Equality Before the Law, which is one of the three meanings of the Rule of Law. The principle of Equality Before the Law arises from the modern legal system inspired by the paradigm of Positivism which assumes that the law must be objective and sterile from any influence outside the law. The implementation of the Equality Before The Law Principle in resolving industrial relations disputes at PHI is interesting for further investigation because the parties to the dispute in industrial relations are employers and workers/workers who are socially and economically clearly "not equal". The approach used in this study is the Socio-legal approach method (Socio-legal approach), which is a legal research method in addition to analyzing the implementation of the principle of Equality Before The Law in the normative law enacted, namely UU.No . 2 of 2004. Through this research, we can find the concept of industrial relations justice that is able to apply the ideal principle of Equality Before The Law.
Examining the Effectiveness of Critical View of Safety (CVS) in Preventing Bile Duct Injuries During Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy
Authors:   Department of General Surgery, Krishna Institute Medical Sciences, KVV, Karad, Maharashtra, India.  Corresponding author: Chetashri Deshmukh (e-mail: deshmukh.chetashri5@gmail.com )., Deshmukh Chetashri , Naniwadekar R G ,   Department of General Surgery, Krishna Institute Medical Sciences, KVV, Karad, Maharashtra, India.  Corresponding author: Chetashri Deshmukh (e-mail: deshmukh.chetashri5@gmail.com )., Shet Disha Hemant ,   Department of General Surgery, Krishna Institute Medical Sciences, KVV, Karad, Maharashtra, India.  Corresponding author: Chetashri Deshmukh (e-mail: deshmukh.chetashri5@gmail.com ).
Published: January 2024

Backgroud: Gallbladder diseases typically present as gallstones, inflammation, and cancer. Cholecystectomy has long been the established surgical approach for treating cholelithiasis and cholecystitis. The Critical View of Safety (CVS) technique is employed to identify key anatomical structures precisely, namely the cystic duct and the cystic artery. As such, this study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the CVS method in laparoscopic cholecystectomy for preventing bile duct injuries. Material and methods: The study encompassed a cohort of 70 consecutive patients diagnosed with gallbladder disease. Thorough demographic information for each patient was meticulously collected. Preoperatively, a comprehensive hematological and biochemical profile analysis was conducted. Proficient and seasoned surgeons executed all surgical procedures. Subsequently, a post-operative evaluation was carried out for all patients. Results: In our study, aberrant anatomy was identified in two patients, while 68 patients exhibited typical anatomical structures. Notably, we achieved a 100 percent success rate in obtaining the Critical View of Safety for all patients in our study. However, aberrant anatomy was encountered exclusively in those two cases, necessitating a conversion to open cholecystectomy. Conclusion: The Critical View of Safety method for ductal identification is an effective technique.
Role of Human Cytomegalo virus and High Risk Human Papilloma Virus in Breast Cancer
Authors:   Department of Basic sciences College of Medicine, Ibn Sina University of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Iraq, Baghdad., Majeed Hala Mohammed , Abdulrazzaq Karam M. ,   Department of Internal and Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine , University of Mosul, Mosul., Kadhum Sahar Jabbar ,   Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Ibn Sina University of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Iraq, Baghdad., Majeed Haider Mohammed ,   Department of Adult Nursing, College of Nursing, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq.
Published: January 2024

Background: In Iraq, breast tumor is the greatest prevalent form of female malignancy. Increasing research in the past ten years shows that many human malignancies, including breast tumors, are associated with Human Cytomegalovirus and high-risk Human Papilloma Virus. Objectives: The aim of this research was to determine the role of HPV and HCMV in benign and malignant breast tumors. Methods: This retrospective research used 140 chosen formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded pieces of breast specimen taken from 100 patients of breast tumor (70 cases of ductal mammary, 15 patients of lobular cancer, five persons mixed from ductal and lobular cancer and ten persons of medullary cancer) and 20 patients infected with benign epithelial lesion As well as 20 pieces of normal breast tissue as control groups. The range of age was 16-72 years. The study was conducted in hospitals and private laboratories in Kirkuk and Tikrit city from 15th January 2022 to 15th December 2022 using the in situ hybridization (ISH) technique. Results: The archival samples collected were related to breast cancer patients ranging from 16 years to 70 years of age, with a maximum age of 73 years in breast cancer and 60 years in healthy women. ISH found that CMV was positive in (25 percent) breast cancer tissues (25 / 100) according to the control group were negative. While in HPV demonstrated (45%) 45/ 100 breast cancer tissues compared to the control group were negative. Of these, The findings revealed that the spreading of HPV-DNA genotypes in malignant and benign cancer groups were as follows: HPV16 10 (20.8%), HPV 18 10 (20.8%), and HPV 31 28 (58.33%). These results suggest that HPV genotype 31 appeared at a greater rate than other genotypes (16 and 18). In 25 (55.6 percent) cases, the largest ratio of co-infection with several high-risk genotypes of HPV 16 + 18 + 31 was observed. Co-infection in the malignant group with other high-danger HPV genotypes was as follows: HPV 16 +18 6(13.33%), HPV 16 + 31 6(13.33), and HPV 18+31 8(17.8%). Positive signs suggesting high-risk HPV infection were detected for 1/1 (100 percent) of benign breast tumor tissues; 30(66.7 percent) mixed HPV infection was found in 45 cases of malignant breast tumors. Conclusion: The results of this study showed a connection between HCMV and high-oncogenic genotypes of HPV in breast cancer patients.
A Randomized Trial Investigating the Laparoscopic Transabdominal Preperitoneal Approach for Recurrent Inguinal Hernia Repair
Authors:   Krishna institute medical sciences,kvv,karad, India., Krishna Balupala Murali , Nerlekar H V ,   Krishna institute medical sciences,kvv,karad, India., Reddy Sudireddy Parthsaradhi ,   Krishna institute medical sciences,kvv,karad, India.
Published: January 2024

Background: Repairing a recurrent hernia is a challenging endeavor due to the pre-existing weakened tissues and altered anatomy. Among the available approaches, the open posterior preperitoneal approach has demonstrated significantly better outcomes compared to the anterior approach. Additionally, the laparoscopic transabdominal preperitoneal (TAPP) inguinal hernia repair represents an evolving technique with the advantages of minimally invasive surgery. The objective of our study is to perform a comparative analysis of these three approaches for the repair of recurrent inguinal hernias, focusing on complications and the occurrence of early recurrences. This research aims to provide valuable insights into the most effective and safe approach for managing this challenging surgical condition. Methods: In our study, we conducted a randomized allocation of 200 patients into three equal groups: Group A, Group B, and Group C. Patients in Group A underwent the open posterior preperitoneal approach, while those in Group B received transinguinal anterior tension-free repair. Group C patients underwent the laparoscopic transabdominal preperitoneal (TAPP) procedure. The primary endpoint of our study was to assess the recurrence of inguinal hernias following the respective surgical approaches. Results: Our study yielded several noteworthy findings. The mean hospital stay, time to return to work, and time off from work were all shorter in Group C when compared to Groups A and B. Chronic postoperative pain was observed in 13.33% of patients in Group A, 30% of patients in Group B, and 10% of patients in Group C. Notably, the overall complication rate was lower in both Groups A and C at 19.7%, while Group B had a higher complication rate of 34.36%. Conclusion: In the context of recurrent inguinal hernia repair, our study findings suggest that the laparoscopic and open posterior approaches are equally effective in terms of operative outcomes. The open preperitoneal hernia repair stands out as a cost-effective option with a low recurrence rate. Patients undergoing this procedure experience a relatively short postoperative recovery period and report minimal postoperative pain. This approach has demonstrated significantly better outcomes compared to the commonly used anterior approach.
Comparative Study of Clinical and Radiological Outcomes of Conventional Total Knee Replacement (TKR) and Robotic-Assisted TKR in Patients with Bilateral Varus Deformity Knee OA within the Eastern Population
Authors:   Department of Orthopaedics, IMS & SUM Hospital, Bhubaneswar 751003, India., Panda Siddharth , Moharana Siddharth Sekhar ,   Department of Orthopaedics, IMS & SUM Hospital, Bhubaneswar 751003, India., Behera Himansu Bhusan ,   Department of Orthopaedics, IMS & SUM Hospital, Bhubaneswar 751003, India., Mishra Sourav ,   Department of Orthopaedics, IMS & SUM Hospital, Bhubaneswar 751003, India., Mohanty Sarthak ,   Department of Orthopaedics, IMS & SUM Hospital, Bhubaneswar 751003, India.
Published: January 2024

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee, including bilateral varus deformity, presents unique challenges for treatment. This comparative study evaluates clinical and radiological outcomes of conventional total knee replacement (TKR) and robotic-assisted TKR in patients with bilateral varus deformity knee OA within the Eastern population. Methods: A prospective study was conducted on 84 bilateral varus deformity knee OA patients treated with two different surgical approaches: Group A (Conventional TKR) and Group B (Robotic-assisted TKR). Clinical outcomes, including pain relief, functional improvement, and patient satisfaction, were assessed using Visual Analog Scale (VAS), Knee Society Score (KSS), Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), and quality of life measures. Radiological outcomes, including alignment and component positioning, were evaluated. Statistical analyses compared outcomes between groups. Results: Both groups demonstrated significant improvements in clinical and radiological outcomes. Robotic-assisted TKR showed advantages with reduced pain (p < 0.001), superior knee function (p < 0.001), better pain relief and function (p < 0.001), higher patient satisfaction (p < 0.001), and improved quality of life (p < 0.001) compared to conventional TKR. Radiologically, robotic-assisted TKR exhibited superior alignment (p < 0.001) and component positioning (p < 0.001). Implant survivorship remained excellent in both groups, with no revisions reported. Conclusion: Robotic-assisted TKR offers significant benefits in pain relief, functional improvement, and radiological outcomes for patients with bilateral varus deformity knee OA within the Eastern population. While both approaches are effective, the advantages of robotic assistance should be considered in surgical decision-making. Further research is needed to assess cost-effectiveness and long-term outcomes.
Patient Demographics and Characteristics Associated with Solitary Thyroid Nodules
Authors:   Department of General Surgery, Krishna Institute Medical Sciences, KVV, Karad, Maharashtra, India., Makani Akash D , Nangre Nitin ,   Department of General Surgery, Krishna Institute Medical Sciences, KVV, Karad, Maharashtra, India., Nerlekar Akshay ,   Department of General Surgery, Krishna Institute Medical Sciences, KVV, Karad, Maharashtra, India.
Published: January 2024

Background: Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) has emerged as the primary approach for the initial assessment of thyroid nodules, followed by ultrasound scanning and a thyroid profile analysis. This study aims to analyze the prevalence of solitary thyroid nodules and investigate the factors contributing to malignancies in patients with solitary thyroid nodules. Methods: The study encompassed a total of 50 cases. In all instances, a neck ultrasound was performed to exclude multinodular goiter. Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) served as the primary diagnostic procedure for assessing the solitary nodule in every case. Additionally, clinically diagnosed thyroid cases were subjected to further evaluation in accordance with the provided proforma. Results: The male-to-female ratio was 1:4, with the highest occurrence observed in the second and fourth decades of life. Approximately 30 patients exhibited nodules in the right thyroid lobe. Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) demonstrated a sensitivity of 64% for benign lesions and 100% for malignant ones. The most frequently encountered histopathological findings were colloid goiter and follicular adenoma. The malignancy rate was 16%, with six cases experiencing hypocalcemia and seven patients encountering wound dehiscence. Conclusion: Besides determining the cystic or solid nature of the clinically palpable nodule, ultrasonography is valuable for characterizing the rest of the thyroid gland, thereby distinguishing between a true solitary nodule and a dominant nodule within a multinodular goiter. Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) and thyroid profile assessments are pivotal diagnostic tools. Hemi-thyroidectomy emerges as the most suitable and cost-effective surgical intervention for its treatment.
Pharmacoepidemiology of drugs in glaucoma patients with comorbidities like hypertension and diabetes mellitus type 2 in Pakistan
Authors:   Department of Pharmacy, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Pakistan., Sadiq Muhammad , Ali Mahmood ,   Glaucoma Department, Al-Shifa Trust Eye Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan., Ahmad Waqar ,   Department of Pharmacy, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Pakistan., Khan Mir Azam ,   Department of Pharmacy, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Pakistan., Akhtar Farah ,   Glaucoma Department, Al-Shifa Trust Eye Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan.
Published: January 2024

Purpose: To evaluate the prescription pattern and utilization of drugs used by glaucoma patients with comorbidities including hypertension and diabetes mellitus type 2. Methods: This study was conducted at Al-Shifa trust eye hospital, Rawalpindi Pakistan from April 2021 to October 2021. Data regarding patient demographics, disease profile, medications & side effects were recorded. Percent utilization of total ophthalmic, antiglaucoma, antihypertensive, and antidiabetic drugs was calculated. Comparative utilization of antiglaucoma drugs in hypertensive and diabetic patients and in pre and post-visit to glaucoma specialists was also calculated. Results: Out of 876 glaucoma patients, majority had primary open-angle glaucoma, 58.3 were males, >50 belonged to the 50-70 years age group, and 27 and 18.8 were hypertensive and diabetic respectively. In the majority of cases, 1 or 2 eye drugs were prescribed and mostly in the topical dosage form. Fixed dose combinations (33.39) mainly were prescribed in all groups and Dorzolamide + Timolol was given in almost 80 of the time. Prostaglandin analogs (29.09) were 2nd most prescribed drugs. Beta-blockers were the least prescribed in all groups. Burning of the eyes was the most common side effect of ophthalmic drugs (28). Systemic beta-blockers were most commonly utilized by hypertensive patients while sulfonylureas by diabetic patients. No prominent change was noted in pre- and post-visit utilization of antiglaucoma drugs except brinzolamide. Conclusion: This study highlights the need for rational prescribing of antiglaucoma drugs in multimorbid patients and the importance of creating awareness of pharmacological actions, drug interactions, and side effects among physicians.
Synthesis and Decoration of Aromatic Derivatives Nano Platelets by the Electric Method
Authors:   Department of Physiology, Pharmacology and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tikrit, Salahaldin-Tkrit, Iraq, Najm Reem Suhail , Shannak Qader Abdullah ,   Department of Chemistry College of Education for Pure Science, University of Tikrit, Tikrit, Iraq, Dalaf Adil Hussein ,   Department Of Chemistry, College Of Sciences, University of Tikrit, Tikrit, Iraq.
Published: January 2024

The present work consists of synthesizing a five-decorated aromatic amine derivatives. The decoration involves aromatic derivatives nano-platelets through an electric process using aromatic amine derivatives such as Sulfamethoxazole, \(2\)-Amino-\(6\)-chloro benzothiole, Trimethoprim, \(2\)-Amino benzoic acid, and \(4\)-Amino phenol. This process occurs in an electric cell containing platinum electrodes with a voltage of \(1.6\) volts, resulting in the production of compound \((R1,R5)\). These compounds were characterized and diagnosed using physical and spectroscopic methods, including infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), \(X\)-ray diffraction (XRD), electron microscopy (FESEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and \(H1\)-NMR.
Supportive Strategies Regarding Chocking Prevention and First Aid Maneuver Among Children
Authors:   Department of Nursing, Al-Kut University, Wasit, Iraq, Musawi Mahdi Abed Neamah AL , Mahmud Huda Shawky ,   College of Nursing, Al-Esraa University, Baghdad, Iraq.
Published: January 2024

Background: Choking is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among children. Food, coins, and toys are the primary causes of choking-related injury and death. Certain characteristics, including shape, size, and consistency, of certain toys and foods increase their potential to cause choking among preschool children. It’s largely preventable with a little knowledge and by following proven guidelines. So this study aimed to investigate the effect of Supportive strategies regarding chocking prevention and first aid maneuver among preschool children. Research Design: A quasi-experimental design was utilized. Study settings: the study conducted at four governmental nursery schools in Al Kut city Research Subject: included 200 preschool children selected by stratified sample from the previously mentioned settings. Tools of the data collection: A predesigned questionnaire sheet, Observational Checklists were used pre and post supportive strategies implementation Results: Revealed that, there was a statistical significant difference (p value < 0.001) between child's knowledge and practice pre and post supportive strategies for chocking prevention Conclusion: Supportive strategies had significant effect on children’s’ knowledge and practice regarding chocking prevention and first aid maneuvers among preschool children. Recommendations: it could be recommended that, implement the designed Supportive strategies for controlling chocking to children at all nursery schools in Kut City.
The Prevalence of Refractive Errors Among Middle-Class Kids in and Around Dehradun
Authors:   xDepartment of Ophthalmology, Gautam Budha Chikitsa Mahavidyalaya Jhajra, Dehradun, India., Tewari Rajesh
Published: January 2024

Background: Children living in countries with moderate income levels, such as India, who are born with untreated refractive abnormalities continue to face significant challenges. Despite the availability of low-cost remedial techniques like eyeglasses, uncorrected refractive defects cause vision loss for many children in India. This persists even though glasses may correct the problem. Aim: The aim of the present study is to investigate whether children from middle-income families exhibit any refractive errors. Materials & methods: The researchers conducted the present study after receiving approval from the institution’s ethics board. The research was carried out at Gautam Budha Chikitsa Mahavidyalaya, Jhajra, Dehradun, India. The study enrolled children from middle-income groups in and around the Dehradun city area. Results & Conclusions: The study revealed that refractive errors are the leading cause of visual impairment among school-age children, particularly those from middle-income families. Given that most refractive defects can be corrected with glasses, there is a need for cost-effective strategies to safeguard children’s eyesight. Such disabilities might impede a child’s development and education. There is compelling evidence supporting this treatable cause of blindness.
Potential Association of Serum Hepcidin, hs-CRP and Iron Status Levels in Hemodialytic Patients
Authors:   University of Baghdad, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Baghdad, Iraq., Obeid Shahad F. , Salman Zainab A. ,   University of Baghdad, Department of Chemistry, College of Dentistry, Baghdad, Iraq., Rashed Israa Abass ,   Mustansiriyah University, College of Basic Education, Baghdad, Iraq.
Published: January 2024

Patients on hemodialysis (HD) are usually anemic because of defective erythropoiesis. Hepcidin is a polypeptide that regulates iron homeostasis and could indicate functional iron deficiency in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD); this may also aid in assessing a patient's response to erythropoietin (EPO). The present study was directed to investigate serum levels of hepcidin, iron status, and inflammation markers such as C-reactive protein (CRP) in patients with ESRD on maintenance HD and to observe the correlation of serum hepcidin with conventional iron and inflammatory markers. Forty-two patients of both sexes on maintenance HD and EPO therapy were enrolled; 42 age and sex-matched healthy subjects were included as controls. Laboratory tests were performed, including complete blood count, serum hepcidin, total iron binding capacity (TIBC), serum ferritin, serum iron, and CRP. Serum hepcidin levels were significantly higher in patients with ESRD than in the control group (18.2 \(\pm\) 2.8 ng/mL and 8.5 \(\pm\) 2.3 ng/mL, respectively P = 0.000). The hemoglobin, hematocrit, serum iron, TIBC, and transferrin saturation levels in the patient group were significantly lower than in the control group. Higher hepcidin levels were found in EPO non-responders (19.6 (\pm) 2.4 ng/mL), while lower levels (16.9 \(\pm\) 2.5 ng/mL) were seen in responders (P = 0.001). A positive and significant correlation was observed between the values of serum hepcidin and CRP. Our study indicates that higher hepcidin levels are found in ESRD patients on HD and in those not responding to EPO. Our findings suggest that hepcidin might play a role in the pathophysiology of anemia associated with chronic diseases and EPO resistance.
Older Adults Knowledge and Attitude Toward the Cataract at Primary Health Care Centers in Baghdad City
Authors:   Nursing Department of Nursing, Al-Manara College for Medical Sciences, Maysan, Al Amara, IRAQ., Ahmad Ahmad Shihab , Douri Nedhal A. Al ,   Department of Pharmacy, Al-Manara College for Medical Sciences, Maysan, Al Amara, IRAQ., Khudher Khaled Saleh ,   Ministry of Health, Salahudin Directorate of Health/ Sherkat Sector, IRAQ.
Published: January 2024

Background: A cataract distorts the eye’s lens, which at first impairs vision and later leads to blindness if untreated. Increased light sensitivity, poor night vision, seeing double pictures, and eventual utter blindness are the results. Objectives: The study aims to assess older adults’ knowledge and attitude toward cataracts and identify the relationship between the sociodemographic characteristics of older adults’ knowledge and attitude toward cataracts. Methods: descriptive study design among 200 older adults selected by convenience sample. The study tool is a questionnaire comprising 3 parts (sociodemographic characteristics, knowledge, and attitude). The data was collected by the interview method. Result: The finding indicated that (60%) of older adults at age (60-65) years, (64.5%) are males, (29.5%) have secondary school graduates, and 71(35.5%) are housewives. The grand mean and standard deviation of knowledge are (1.55±0.22). The grand mean and standard deviation of attitude are (2.06±0.46). There is a significant difference between the mean score of older adults’ knowledge with age and education at p-value (0.000 & 0.03), respectively. Also, there is a significant difference between the mean score of older adults’ attitudes with age at p-value (0.000). Conclusion: It is essential to check the vision health status of old age people. Enhance the awareness about cataract risk factors, prevention, and treatment.
Perioperative Intra-articular Infiltration of Tranexamic Acid and Ropivacaine Cocktail in Bilateral Total Knee Replacement
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of Orthopedics, PRM Medical College, Baripada, Odisha, India., Mohanty Rashmiranjan , Jena Arpita ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Anesthesiology, SCB Medical College Cuttack, Odisha, India., Mohanty Ranjan Kumar ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Cardiology, SCB Medical College, Cuttack, Odisha, India.
Published: January 2024

Objective: This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of perioperative intra-articular infiltration with a tranexamic acid and ropivacaine cocktail in patients undergoing bilateral total knee replacement (TKR). Methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted involving 50 patients scheduled for elective bilateral TKR. Participants were randomly assigned to receive either intra-articular infiltration of a tranexamic acid and ropivacaine cocktail (intervention group) or standard care (control group). Outcome measures included postoperative blood loss, pain scores, range of motion, and adverse events. Results: Among the enrolled patients (n=50), the intervention group demonstrated reduced postoperative blood loss, evidenced by higher hemoglobin levels and lower drain output than the control group. Additionally, the intervention group exhibited consistently lower pain scores at various postoperative time points and greater improvements in range of motion. Conclusion: Intra-articular infiltration with a tranexamic acid and ropivacaine cocktail in bilateral TKR patients showed promising outcomes, including reduced blood loss, improved pain control, and enhanced range of motion. These findings suggest the potential of this adjunctive therapy in optimizing perioperative care for patients undergoing bilateral TKR. However, further research with larger sample sizes is warranted to validate these preliminary results and establish this intervention’s long-term efficacy and safety.
Design, Synthesis, and Cytotoxicity Evaluation of Sulfonamide Derivatives as Potential HDAC Inhibitors
Authors:   Ministry of Health and Environment, Al-Rusafa Healthcare Directorate, Baghdad, Iraq., Mosa Hayjaa Mohessen , Al-Hamashi Ayad Abed Ali ,   Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq.
Published: January 2024

Histone deacetylase (HDAC) enzymes are interesting targets for developing new therapeutic molecules. New sulfonamide derivatives were designed via the implication of docking experiments using Glide software to validate the binding affinity with several HDAC enzymes. Molecules involving sulfonamide moiety exhibit acceptable binding scores and zinc chelation properties. Compounds with acceptable docking scores were nominated for the organic synthesis. The final compounds were synthesized through the amide coupling reaction followed by an amine alkylation reaction to afford final compounds IVa-d. The ADME properties were virtually assessed utilizing QikProp Schrodinger. The virtual ADME results indicated the drug-likeness properties of the final compounds with no major violation of the rule of five. The preliminary cytotoxic activity evaluation showing that compounds Iva and IVb killing colon cancer cells (LS-174T) in \(IC_{50}\) of 0.37 \(\mu\)M and 0.44 \(\mu\)M, respectively.
Prevalence of brain fag syndrome and its correlation with stimulant use and socio-economic/demographic characteristics among university undergraduate students in Nigeria
Authors: Aghukwa NC  , Baguda AS  , Fawaz B  , Aminu IS
Published: January 2024

Background: Brain Fag Syndrome (BFS) is a culture-bound syndrome characterized by cognitive and somatic symptoms, commonly reported among African students. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of BFS among Nigerian university students and examine its associated factors.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among undergraduate students from a university in the northwest region of Nigeria. The study utilized a self-administered questionnaire to collect data on socio-demographic characteristics, stimulant use, course of study, and academic performance. The presence of BFS was assessed using standardized diagnostic criteria.

Results: The study included a total of 625 participants, in their young adulthood. The prevalence of BFS among Nigerian university students was found to be 62.7%. The majority of affected students were aged 20-30, male, and from the Hausa ethnic group. No significant association was found between stimulant use and BFS. However, there was a significant relationship between the course of study and the occurrence of BFS. Academic performance (CGPA) showed a weak negative association with BFS. Other socio-demographic factors such as age, gender, ethnicity, relationship status, birth position, type of home, and family income did not predict the occurrence of BFS.

Conclusion: The high prevalence highlights the need for attention to mental health issues among this population. The results emphasize the importance of considering the course of study and academic performance when studying BFS. Further research is warranted to explore the underlying mechanisms and develop effective interventions for students affected by BFS.