bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Implementasi Metode Penemuan Terbimbing (Discovery Learning) dalam Pembelajaran Matematika untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Pemahaman Konsep Matematika Siswa
Authors: Novisah Novi , Sobarningsih Nunung
Published: August 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengadakan pembaharuan dalam model pembelajaran matematika sebagai respon terhadap rendahnya kemampuan pemahaman matematika siswa kelas IV MI Cicarulang Tasikmalaya yang ditunjukkan dari rata-rata nilai sumatif siswa pada mata pelajaran matematika yaitu 4,43. Juga terhadap proses pembelajaran yang masih menggunakan pembelajaran biasa sehingga aktivitas siswa cenderung pasif. Melihat kenyataan di atas, maka peneliti mencoba menerapkan model pembelajaran penemuan terbimbing dengan harapan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematika siswa, dan meningkatkan kemampuan guru dalam mengelola kegiatan belajar mengajar sehingga tercipta  lingkungan belajar yang kondusif.  Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK)  ) terhadap siswa kelas IV MI Cicarulang Tasikmalaya  sebanyak 20 siswa. dengan langkah-langkah yang dilakukan berupa kegiatan siklus yaitu plan (perencanaan), act (tindakan), observe (pengamatan), dan reflect(refleksi). Adapun Instrumen yang digunakan adalah  pre tes, tes formatif, post test, dan lembar observasi. Hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa secara klasikal pembelajaran dengan menggunakan metode penemuan terbimbing telah memenuhi kriteria belajar tuntas.
Penerapan Pendekatan Pembelajaran Student Facilitator and Explaining dalam Upaya Meningkatkan Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematika Siswa
Authors: Fatimah Titin , Kariadinata Rahayu , Rahayu Yayu Nurhayati , Susilawati Wati
Published: August 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran proses pembelajaran matematika siswa, menelaah kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika siswa pada tiap siklus, menelaah kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika siswa setelah mengikuti seluruh siklus, menelaah sikap siswa kelas IX B SMP N 1 Cileunyi dalam kaitan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika siswa terhadap penerapan pendekatan pembelajaran Student Facilitator and Explaining pada pokok bahasan kerucut. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas (Classroom Action Research). penelitian tindakan kelas dilakukan melalui proses yang dinamis dan komplementari yang terdiri dari empat “momentum” esensial, yaitu: Penyusunan Rencana, Tindakan, Observasi dan Refleksi. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 41 orang yang terdiri dari 19 orang laki-laki dan 22 orang perempuan. Instrumen yang digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari lembar observasi untuk mengamati aktivitas guru dan siswa selama proses pembelajaran berlangsung, tes untuk mengukur kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika, dan skala sikap untuk mengetahui sikap siswa. Hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan pembelajaran Student Fasilitator and Explaining efektif untuk meningkatkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematik siswa. Disarankan dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai salah satu pertimbangan bagi guru bahwa pendekatan SFAE perlu dikembangkan karena dapat meningkatkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah.
Upaya Meningkatkan Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematika Siswa Dalam Belajar Matematika Melalui Metode Demonstrasi Pada Materi Pokok Bangun Datar
Authors: Syaf Agus Hikmat , Maryono Iyon , Juariah Juariah
Published: August 2018

Penelitian ini berawal dari studi pendahuluan penelitian di MI Naksabandiyah Bandung mengenai perlunya pembaharuan dalam model pembelajaran matematika di kelas, dan proses pembelajaran yang masih bersifat konvensional dengan berorientasi pada “teacher center”, sehingga aktivitas siswa cenderung pasif. penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh gambaran atau informasi mengenai penerapan pembelajaran demonstrasi dalam upaya meningkatkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah  matematika siswa. Metode yang digunakan adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK). Melalui PTK diharapkan dapat menawarkan cara dan prosedur baru untuk memperbaiki dan meningkatkan profesionalisme guru dalam proses pembelajaran. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa siswi kelas VI MI Naksabandiyah Bandung sebanyak 15 siswa. Penelitian ini dibatasi pada materi pokok luas bangun datar dimana hasil penelitian ini hanya berlaku untuk kelas yang diteliti dan tidak dapat digeneralisasikan. Dengan penerapan pembelajaran demonstrasi ini dapat dijadikan sebagai salah satu alternatif pendekatan pembelajaran yang dapat digunakan sebagai upaya untuk meningkatkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah  matematika dan hasil belajar siswa.
MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KREATIF DAN PEMECAHAN MASALAH MATEMATIS SISWA MADRASAH ALIYAH
Authors: Kusmawan Wawan , Turmudi Turmudi , Juandi Dadang , Sugilar Hamdan
Published: August 2018

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengkaji perbedaan peningkatan kemampuan berpikir kreatif dan pemecahan masalah antara siswa yang mendapatkan pembelajaran model investigasi kelompok dengan siswa yang mendapatkan pembelajaran biasa. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa Madrasah Aliyah dengan sampel penelitian terdiri dari dua kelas yang diambil secara acak dari delapan kelas XI yang ada di Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 2 Kota Bandung dengan teknik purposive sampling. Kelas pertama sebagai kelas kontrol dan kelas kedua sebagai kelas eksperimen. Kelas kontrol memperoleh pembelajaran biasa dan kelas eksperimen memperoleh pembelajaran dengan model investigasi kelompok. Pengumpulan data hasil penelitian menggunakan instrumen berupa soal-soal tes kemampuan berpikir kreatif dan pemecahan masalah matematis dianalisis secara kuantitatif. Data sebelum dianalisis terlebih dahulu diuji normalitas dan homogenitas dilanjutkan uji-t, jika data tidak normal memakai uji Mann-Whitney. Data hasil skala sikap dianalisis secara kualitatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa adanya perbedaan peningkatan kemampuan berpikir kreatif dan pemecahan masalah matematis antara siswa yang menggunakan pembelajaran model investigasi kelompok dengan siswa yang menggunakan pembelajaran biasa. Analisis data angket skala sikap memperlihatkan bahwa siswa bersikap positif terhadap pembelajaran matematika yang mencakup sikap terhadap pelajaran matematika, pembelajaran dengan model investigasi kelompok maupun terhadap soal-soal kemampuan berpikir kreatif dan pemecahan masalah matematis.
Pengembangan Modul Matematika Berbasis Matematika Realistik untuk Kelas VII SMP Semester I
Authors: Lestari Witri - , Handayani Sherly
Published: August 2018

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengembangkan suatu desain bahan ajar pembelajaran berbentuk modul yang efektif untuk memfasilitasi proses pembelajaran matematika peserta didik kelas VII SMP Semester I. Modul Matematika ini dibuat berdasarkan hasil analisis kebutuhan terhadap kompetensi matematika yang seharusnya dimiliki oleh peserta didik kelas VII SMP. Alat pengambilan data berupa angket pertanyaan untuk guru sekolah. Prosedur penelitian diadaptasi dari model pengembangan instruksional (MPI) M. Atwi Suparman yang terdiri dari beberapa langkah, yaitu: mengidentifikasi kebutuhan dan menulis tujuan instruksional, melakukan analisis intruksional, mengidentifikasi perilaku dan karakteristik awal peserta didik, menulis tujuan instruksional khusus,  menyusun alat penilaian hasil belajar, menyusun strategi instruksional, mengembangkan bahan instruksional, melaksanakan evaluasi formatif. Temuan penelitian yaitu dihasilkan suatu bahan ajar berbentuk modul yang sesuai dengan tujuan pembelajaran matematika peserta didik kelas VII SMP pada semester.
HEMATOLOGICAL PARAMETERS AND BODY COMPOSITION OF SOCCER PLAYERS
Authors: Bussollaro Allana Kelly , Freitas Barbara Nara de , Fadel Raíssa Maria , Lara Gabriela Siqueira , Barbosa Priscila Dabaghi , Mezzomo Thais Regina
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACT Introduction: Soccer players may experience hematological changes that could be detrimental to their health status. In addition, inadequate body composition may impair performance. Objective: To assess body composition and hematological changes over a year in soccer players. Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted. Age, weight, height, body composition, blood count, serum iron, serum ferritin, serum transferrin and total iron binding capacity data were collected from the athletes’ medical records in the months of January, May and August of 2015 and January of 2016. Body mass index was also calculated. For the statistical analyses, the Anova and post-hoc Tukey’s post-hoc tests were used for the quantitative variables and the Chi-square test for the qualitative variables. The significance level adopted was p<0.05. Results: Data were evaluated for 51 athletes with a mean age of 23.53 ± 3.11 years, 77.10 ± 6.56 kg, 1.80 ± 0.07 and 15.6 ± 2.89% body fat (BF). We observed significant (p<0.05) changes in mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, cell size and eosinophils during the period evaluated. Among the athletes, 21.6% had decreased hematocrit levels and 3.9% had hemoglobin levels below the reference range. A BF% greater than 16% was significantly related to serum iron depletion (p = 0.01). Conclusion: Small significant hematological changes during the competitive year were observed, but without significant changes in body composition. Level of Evidence III; Study of nonconsecutive patients; without consistently applied reference ‘‘gold’’ standard.
Germination constraints of dicarpic cypselae of Bidens pilosa L.
Authors: Souza-Filho P. R. M. , Takaki M.
Published: August 2018

Abstract Bidens pilosa L. is a heterocarpic weed species with two cypselae types that present morpho-physiological differences, being the peripheral type smaller and slower to germinate than the central one. We aimed to verify how the germination mechanism varied between types. We focused on two mechanisms: (1) pericarp constraints (physical and chemical) and (2) hormonal stimulation (Abcisic acid [ABA] and Gibberellin [GA]). Both cypselae types are physically constrained by the pericarp, for when it is excised both seed types increase their germination, but behavioral differences still remain. The pericarp of the peripheral type also has chemical inhibitors that effectively inhibited germination of the intact central cypsela. To test the hormonal effects, we focused on the ABA:GA control. Both cypselae responded to an exogenous ABA concentration gradient, however there is no variation between types on the sensitivity to it. Also, both cypselae types were indifferent to Fluridone (ABA inhibitor), which indicates that the dormancy is not maintained by de novo ABA synthesis. Cypselae types had different sensitivity to an exogenous GA3 gradient, the central type being more sensitive to the treatment than the peripheral one. But when the endogenous GA synthesis was blocked by Paclobutrazol, both types responded equally to same GA3 concentrations. This indicates that endogenous GA synthesis may be related to differences observed on germination of cypselae types. To conclude, seed types differ on their growth potential to overcome the pericarp resistance: while the inhibitor in the peripheral pericarp reduces growth potential, GA increases it.
Life-history traits of Farlowella hahni (Siluriformes, Loricariidae) in streams of the Ivinhema River Basin, Upper Paraná Basin
Authors: Figueiredo R. S. , Viana L. F. , Moraes D. P. , Súarez Y. R.
Published: August 2018

Abstract Brazilian laws allow the catch of some species as ornamental fish; however, in the absence of biological information, such catch can threaten species conservation. Therefore, this study aimed to offer population and reproductive information about Farlowella hahni in streams of the Ivinhema River Basin, Upper Paraná Basin. To accomplish this, a total of 165 F. hahni individuals were analyzed, including 109 females and 48 males, resulting in an important sex ratio difference from 1:1 (χ 2=19.97; p<0.001), indicating a predominance of females throughout the year. Females reach higher standard length than males. Males presented isometric Length-Weight Relationships, while females have positive allometric growth. Gonadosomatic index presented higher values from October through December. The mean fecundity was 100.3±36.4 of vitellogenic oocytes and was positively correlated with standard length (r=0.51; p=0.01). The data presented herein are the first for this species and suggest a need to carefully manage the F. hahni population, considering its low abundance and fecundity.
CONCENTRATION AND SIZE OF AIRBORNE PARTICULATES IN WOODWORKING SHOPS
Authors: Barbosa Renan Pereira , Fiedler Nilton Cesar , Silva José Reinaldo Moreira , Souza Amaury Paulo de , Minette Luciano José , Oliveira Michel Picanço
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACT Wood secondary processing operations generate large amounts of airborne particulates. Inhalation of this material can lead to the development of work-related respiratory diseases. The Brazilian legislation does not define threshold limit values for airborne wood particles, and local studies are required to provide a technical basis for establishing these limits by regulation. This study aimed to determine the concentration and size of airborne wood particles of Eucalyptus spp. in woodworking shops. Analysis of the concentration of airborne particles was carried out using a gravimetric sampling pump and collector filters. The size of airborne particles was determined using microscope slides and an optical microscope coupled to an image capture system. Air samples were collected near different machines (belt sander, table saw, and band saw) at five woodworking shops located in the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil. Of the three machines, the belt sander produced the most harmful type of particulate matter: the small size of these particles allows their deposition deep into the respiratory tract. Particulate matter was above the threshold limit value established by international standards. To prevent the risk of severe health effects, there is an urgent and imperative need to reduce worker exposure levels (by the use of collective and personal protective equipment) as well as for the implementation of specific regulations that define particulate exposure limits for the wood sector in Brazil.
PHYSIOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF Rosellinia bunodes AND SYMPTOMATOLOGY OF Rosellinia ROOT ROT IN POPLAR SEEDLINGS
Authors: Kleina Heloisa Thomazi , Santos Álvaro Figueredo dos , Duarte Henrique da Silva Silveira , Machado Edilene Buturi
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACT Poplar (Populus deltoides) is a forest species that has several phytosanitary problems, such as leaf spots, rusts and root rots. Since 2010, the death of poplar trees has been observed in commercial plantations in the state of Paraná, Brazil, caused by the fungus Rosellinia bunodes. Due to the lack of information about this pathosystem, the aim of this work was to carry out the physiological characterization of R. bunodes isolates collected from P. deltoides and the symptomatological characterization of Rosellinia root rot in the same host. Experiments were conducted at Embrapa Florestas, located in Colombo (PR), Brazil. The mycelial growth of nine R. bunodes isolates was evaluated in four culture media (potato-dextrose-agar, V8-agar, carrot-agar and water-agar) and seven different incubation temperatures (8, 12, 16, 20 24, 28 and 32 °C). The symptomatological characterization of Rosellinia root rot was performed on six-month-old poplar seedlings. The most favorable conditions for mycelial growth of R. bunodes were observed in potato dextrose agar (PDA) at 24 °C. The symptoms and signs of the disease internally in the stem showed up at 7 days after inoculation (DAI); however, chlorosis and wilting were observed only at 14 DAI. Sexual and asexual reproductive structures of R. bunodes were not observed on inoculated plants.
STUDY OF MACHINING OF THERMAL RECTIFICATED Corymbia citriodora AND Pinus elliottii
Authors: Bilesky Luciano Rossi , Alves Manoel Cleber de Sampaio , Vieira Fábio Henrique Antunes , Deus Priscila Roel de
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACT This study evaluated the influence of thermal rectification in machining Corymbia citriodora and Pinus elliottii. The heat treatment was carried out for 6 hours at temperatures of 100°C, 140°C, 160°C, 180°C and 200°C and evaluated the performance of machining in three different material cutting tools, polished and hard metal carbide with TiB2 coating. The cutting power and roughness Ra and Rt of the machined surfaces with three different tools were evaluated. The power has proven lower for Pinus elliottii species. The roughness was lower for Corymbia citriodora wood. The roughness Ra and Rt were lower for heat treatment temperature of 180°C.
Causes of drop out from a physical exercise supervised program specific to older adults
Authors: Rossi Paulo Giusti , Carnaz Leticia , Bertollo Wanderson Luis , Takahashi Anielle Cristhine de Medeiros
Published: August 2018

Abstract Introduction: Physical exercise when performed regularly brings several health benefits, especially for older adults. However, there are barriers that induce these individuals to withdraw from exercise. Objective: This study investigated the causes of drop out from a supervised physical exercise program specific to older adults. Methods: A semi-structured questionnaire was applied by telephone contact, containing questions about their reasons for leaving the program. Demographic data were analyzed by relative and absolute frequencies, and the Chi-square test was used to verify the associations between the variables collected. A significance level of 5% was considered. Results: Fifty-nine older adults were interviewed and the main reasons for drop out were lack of time (33.9%), emergence or worsening of disease (28.8%), and the need to care for family members with health problems (18.7%). A high percentage of older adults (62.7%) showed a worsening in health status after leaving the program, with changes in muscle strength (80.0%), balance (76.7%), and motor coordination (40.0%). Conclusion: A professional intervention is suggested to enable organizational control of factors related to lack of time, as well as a logistical monitoring service for older adults and/or family members who fall ill, promoting the return to practice as soon as possible.
ANÁLISE DO DISCURSO DA ‘SEGURANÇA’ NA ÁREA DA SAÚDE: UMA CRÍTICA AO TRABALHADOR COMO VIGILANTE DE SI
Authors: Rotta Ehideé Isabel Gómez La , Pfeiffer Claudia Regina Castellanos , Corrêa-Filho Heleno Rodrigues , Corrêa Carlos Roberto Silveira , Aoki Francisco Hideo , Fernandez Mirla Randy Bravo , Reis Leonardo Amaral dos , Sancho Karla Amorim
Published: August 2018

Resumo A Norma Regulamentadora NR 32 objetiva reduzir acidentes e doenças entre os trabalhadores da saúde. Filiando-nos à perspectiva da análise do discurso proposta por Michel Pêcheux, nesta pesquisa tivemos como objetivo compreender o processo de significação em torno de segurança e saúde no trabalho na NR 32 e apreender como este processo significa nas políticas públicas no Brasil. Mostramos que, embora a norma seja um meio de assegurar a segurança e a saúde ao trabalhador, sua discursividade formula a segurança como um mito fundamentado em alegações externas ao processo de regulação das condições de trabalho e alheio às exigências coletivas e culturais de produção. Nesse processo, produz-se a responsabilização do trabalhador convertido em vigilante de si próprio e responsabilizado por isso de maneira individualizada. Pudemos, finalmente, observar um efeito de sentido que indica uma conexão que, na prática, resulta em apoio econômico às empresas que produzem e/ou comercializam os dispositivos de segurança para os materiais perfurocortantes.
IDEOLOGIA E DISCURSOS SOBRE TRABALHO, EDUCAÇÃO E SAÚDE NOS DESCRITORES EM CIÊNCIAS DA SAÚDE
Authors: Figueira Creuza Stephen
Published: August 2018

Resumo Este artigo analisa o instrumento de indexação e recuperação da informação denominado Descritores em Ciências da Saúde como um objeto ideológico-discursivo, na perspectiva da análise do discurso franco-brasileira. A pesquisa foi realizada entre os anos de 2014 e 2015. Para tal, consideramos as condições históricas em que os Descritores em Ciências da Saúde foram criados e traçamos um paralelo entre determinado aspecto da educação e os significados de alguns verbetes relacionados ao campo trabalho, educação e saúde. Em última instância, procuramos contribuir para a área da biblioteconomia com reflexões sobre discurso e ideologia na leitura, seleção e construção de linguagens documentárias.
Dental and medical advertising: comparative analysis of the rules of professional conduct
Authors: MAGALHÃES Luciana Vigorito , RECALDE Tamara Soledad Frontanilla , COLTRI Marcos Vinícius , BARBOSA Hermes de Freitas , GUIMARÃES Marco Aurelio , SILVA Ricardo Henrique Alves da
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACT In health care professional activities, advertising is an issue that raises serious discussions and is the cause of some ethical suits in professional entities, since every advertising should follow the provisions of the Code of Professional Responsibility. Therefore, this research study aimed at analyzing, comparing and discussing articles related to advertising and marketing, considering the current regulations from dental and medical entities. In Dentistry, this subject is ruled by the Code of Professional Conduct, Chapter XVI, ‘From advertising and marketing’. In Medicine, information is found in two regulations and in several chapters of the Code of Medical Ethics and in Resolution No. 1.974/2011 of the Federal Council of Medicine, which establishes the guiding criteria for medical advertising. The three regulations present articles that refers to participation in mass media, required information in advertisements, use of sensationalism and self-promotion, and publishing of unproven specialties and titles, highlighting the importance of these topics. The medical regulation also includes participation in publishing ads of manufacturing companies and an exclusive committee to deal with advertising and marketing issues, topics that are not considered in the dental regulation.
Effect of bleaching agents on black tooth stains caused by chromogenic bacteria: 10 years follow-up case report
Authors: MORIMOTO Susana , NAGASE Denis Yudi , TEDESCO Tamara Kerber , MORAES Bárbara Thayara Barral , SESMA Newton
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACT Some microorganisms are associated with the formation and deposition of pigmentation on dental surfaces, and its localization, intensity and recurrence persistence can introduce aesthetic disorders. Carbamide peroxide is a bleaching agent that also presents antimicrobial properties. This case report addresses a ten-year clinical follow-up, showing a possible influence of a bleaching procedure protocol on alterations of oral microbiota. Although a bleaching treatment does not have the purpose to alter the oral microbiota, a drastic reduction and recurrence of black tooth stains was observed in this case.
Anatomical description of retromolar foramina in dry human mandibles: incidence, morphometry, and topography
Authors: PALMA Luiz Felipe , LOMBARDI Leonardo Augusto
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACT Objective: To carry out morphometric, topographic, incidence analysis of retromolar foramina in dry adult human mandibles, and relate the findings to Dental practice. Methods: 265 mandibles were evaluated simultaneously by two researchers. With the aid of metal wires, each retromolar foramen was classified regarding diameter. Foramina with a diameter smaller than 0.5mm were not taken into account. Results: Retromolar foramina were observed in 23.4% of cases, with a higher bilateral incidence (with distinction of both antimeres), and up to 4 of them located in the same mandible. Furthermore, most foramina had a diameter between 0.5 and 1mm. Conclusion: The retromolar foramina are clinically relevant findings and should never be underestimated by clinicians.
Searching and selecting the best evidence efficiently: a tool for clinicians, professors and dental students
Authors: NADANOVSKY Paulo , SANTOS Ana Paula Pires dos
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACT The aim of this article was to offer an efficient systematic search strategy appropriate for clinicians, professors and dental students, for when they have a question regarding the effectiveness of clinical intervention. We adapted the “6-S System” proposed for Medicine in order to build a search strategy focused on oral health, which is speedy, easy to use and arrives at the appropriate evidence. With a focus on validity and search efficiency, the following searching sequence is proposed: critical abstracts of systematic reviews (SR) of randomized controlled trials (RCTs), SR of RCTs, critical abstracts of RCTs, and RCTs. These can be searched in the Cochrane library; evidence-based journals; websites and blogs; and in Pubmed using the tool Clinical Queries. This strategy can enhance the ability to quickly retrieve evidence that is important to dental education, clinical practice and delivery of oral health care. The adoption of strategies such as the one proposed in this paper is likely to increase evidence based dental practice.
Vínculo longitudinal na Saúde da Família: construção fundamentada no modelo de atenção, práticas interpessoais e organização dos serviços
Authors: Santos Renata Oliveira Maciel dos , Romano Valéria Ferreira , Engstrom Elyne Montenegro
Published: August 2018

Resumo O vínculo longitudinal (VL) é um atributo essencial da Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS), com um papel fundamental no processo de trabalho em saúde da família e no cuidado. Apresenta-se a descrição dos sentidos sobre o VL para profissionais de saúde e como são desenvolvidas tais práticas no modelo da Saúde da Família. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, exploratória, utilizando o método de análise de conteúdo de Bardin. Como resultado, foi encontrada a valorização da relação sistêmica do vínculo em um Modelo da APS que abarca a porta de entrada, integralidade e coordenação, materializando a responsabilização da equipe pelo cuidado de indivíduos, famílias e comunidades; o vínculo como prática organizacional, sendo utilizado o trabalho em equipe, práticas de educação em saúde e visita domiciliar como estratégias para o cuidado e a afinidade interpessoal como fortalecedor da empatia e da relação de confiança entre o profissional de saúde e o usuário, auxiliando na construção de autonomia dos doentes crônicos. O VL é um dispositivo presente e relevante no processo de trabalho em saúde da família, porém ameaçado pelo excesso de trabalho e burocracia e pela falta de tempo para o desenvolvimento das atividades.
A clínica entre parênteses: reflexões sobre o papel da arte e da militância na vida de usuários de saúde mental*
Authors: Portugal Clarice Moreira , Mezza Martin , Nunes Monica
Published: August 2018

Resumo O artigo pretende discutir os efeitos transformadores dos contextos militantes e artísticos no cotidiano de usuários de saúde mental. Trata-se de uma pesquisa etnográfica, cuja metodologia envolveu observação participante e realização de entrevistas. A análise dos dados pautou-se na hermenêutica crítica e reflexiva e na perspectiva fenomenológica. Pudemos verificar que o engajamento em grupos artísticos e militantes repercute contundentemente nos mundos da vida dessas pessoas, bem como na elaboração de seu cotidiano. Nesses locais, dá-se a construção de relações empáticas e de alteridade, cujo desenrolar se acentua no momento em que o grupo se encontra reunido, mas também possui repercussões que ultrapassam esse intervalo espaço-temporal. Elementos performáticos e simbólicos contribuem para a reelaboração de um ser-no-mundo desses sujeitos e exigem dos envolvidos a construção de uma cena coletiva na qual são negociados papéis, funções, expectativas e afecções; e esse processo lhes permite acessar de novas posições toda uma diversidade de dramas sociais. É possível, assim, considerar esses espaços sob o viés terapêutico, porém, vimos que é justamente da negação desse estatuto que advém sua eficácia. Dessa forma, reforçamos a importância de espaços abertos ao protagonismo dos sujeitos para uma reforma psiquiátrica pensada enquanto processo social complexo.
Primer ID MiSeq Library Prep v3
Authors: Zhou Shuntai
Published: August 2018

This is the protocol to prepare Primer ID MiSeq sequencing library. Viral RNA was first extracted using QIAamp viral RNA extraction kit. The block of random nucleotides (Ns) in the cDNA primers served as the Primer ID. The Superscript III kit was used for the cDNA synthesis. We used two rounds of PCR to amplify the cDNA and incorporate Illumina indexed adapters with KAPA2G Robust and KAPA HiFi PCR kits, respectively.
Feasibility and Acceptability of the Menstrual Cup for Non-Surgical Management of Vesicovaginal Fistula among Women at a Health Facility in Ghana v1
Authors: Y. K. Ganyaglo Gabriel , Ryan Nessa , Park Joonhee , T. Lassey A.
Published: August 2018

Background Vesicovaginal fistula is a debilitating condition resulting from prolonged obstructed labor. Globally, at least 2 million women are estimated to be living with fistula with about 50,000 to 100,000 new cases each year. More than 90% of the global burden of fistula is in sub-Saharan Africa and South East Asia. Traditional management of fistula requires surgical repair. However, many women either do not have access to surgery, or access to surgery is delayed. These categories of patients have few or no options to control the constant urinary leakage. The vaginal menstrual cup is an insertable medical device approved for use in Europe and North America to collect menstrual flow. Because it collects fluid drainage from the vagina, it could also be used to control urine leakage in women with vesicovaginal fistula. While surgical management of fistula would remain the gold standard in treatment, the menstrual cup could be an alternative for women who do not have access to surgery or are poor surgical candidates. General Aim To evaluate the menstrual cup for short-term non-surgical management of vesicovaginal fistula. Methodology This study will examine the reduction in urinary leakage for women with vesicovaginal fistula who use the cup over a 2 hour period. Fistula patients recruited after community durbars will be invited to the hospital and offered enrollment. They will wear a sanitary pad for 2 hours and the pad will be weighed. The patients will then receive counseling on how to insert thecup in the vagina and will wear both the device and a sanitary pad for 2 hours. The second pad will also be weighed. The amount of urine leaked with and without thecup will be compared using a paired t-test. Addtionally, the women will answer a short questionnaire on the acceptability of the cup, and a physical exam will be carried out to assess safety with cup use. A purposeful sample of the patients will be recruited for in-depth interviews to share their experiences of coping with VVF and their acceptability of the menstrual cup device. Expected Outcome The knowledge gained from this study may offer alternative temporizing management options for fistulas, especially for women who fail or are awaiting surgery, women who cannot access surgery, or are poor surgical candidates.
Assessment of the hygiene and sanitation practices of students of class VI to IX in urban government inter college at Allahabad district, India
Authors: Anand Deepak , Prakash Shiv
Published: August 2018

Background: Hygiene and sanitation practices directly affect health status, and students can be easily educated for correct practices, which can be a cheap and effective measure for disease prevention, also it will reduce absenteeism due to illness in schools. This research paper was designed to assess the factors influencing hygiene and sanitation practices among school children.Methods: It is a cross-sectional descriptive study, sample size was 400. Data was collected between August 2017 and December 2017 by using structured questionnaire on general hygiene and sanitation practices.Results: It was found that only 61.5% of students wash their hand before meals, merely 16.75% of them were practicing proper dental hygiene, 41.25% of them clean genitals properly, whereas 52.25% students daily consumes food from vendors. Significant difference in sanitation and hygiene practices was found regarding education of father, education of mother and socioeconomic status.Conclusions: Hygiene and sanitation practices among students are not satisfactory and there is scope for improvement.
Implication of pigtail catheter vs chest tube drainage
Authors: Elsayed Alaa , Alkhalifa Rayan , Alodayni Muhannad , Alanazi Rakan , Alkhelaiwy Lara , Zalah Mohammed , Alnaeli Ghufran , Alorabi Tahani , Al-Qarni Maram , Al-Otaibi Sarah
Published: August 2018

Pigtail catheters and chest tubes have long been used for drainage of pleural collections for many years. In thoracic surgery, each technique is preferred in certain conditions. Pigtail catheters have the advantages of being smaller in size, more flexible, less traumatic, easier in insertion, and are associated with lower complication rates. They are particularly effective in draining non-viscid and non-coagulable fluids. The main disadvantages are their ineffectiveness in draining thick fluids, their higher liability to clogging, kinking, and obstruction. Chest tubes, on the other hand, have larger diameters allowing faster and more efficacious drainage of thick fluids and hemothorax. However, they are more painful, more distorting to tissues, and have higher complications rates. The aim of this article is to provide a review on both systems, and to compare the reported safety, efficacy, and complications of each.
A Simple Method of Lingual Flap Retraction in Third Molar Surgery
Authors: Rai Anshul , Jain Anuj
Published: August 2018

While performing third molar surgery, retraction of the lingual flap improves access andit reduces the chances of lingual nerve injury.Many instruments are documented in theliterature for the same. We recommended the use of silk suture for lingual flapretraction.It is a simple method and easy to use.
Micromotion Phenomena at the Implant Bone Interface: A Biomechanical and Histomorphometric Study
Authors: Karl Matthias , V Palarie , V Nacu , N Chele , C Steiner , T Grobecker-Karl
Published: August 2018

Purpose: Excessive micromotion at the implant-bone interface may result in fibrous encapsulation instead of osseointegration of dental implants. This study quantified micromotion of implants placed in polyurethane foam and sheep tibia and tried to establish correlations with histologic parameters. Method: Dental implants (n=5) were placed in the tibiae of two sheep and allowed to heal for five and twenty weeks respectively (totalof 10 implants). Identical implants were placed in polyurethane foam with densities of 10 pcf and 20 pcf and a 3 mm thick cortical layer with a density of 40 pcf (n=5 per bone type; total of 10 implants). For determining micromotion at the implant bone interface, specimens were loaded in a universal testing machine and extensometers were used for recording implant displacement during loading. Implant stability, bone mineral density (BMD) and bone to implant contact (BIC) were determined additionally. Statistical analysis was based on Wilcoxon rank sum tests and Spearman rank correlation tests with the level of significance set at p<=0.05. Results: An increase in trabecular bone density and healing time caused a basic trend towards greater implant stability (p<0.05 for polyurethane foam; p>0.05 for sheep) and less implant displacement as a consequence of loading. The histologic parameters BIC and BMD also increased with healing time, however, this effect was only significant for BMD in the cervical (p=0.02) and apical (p=0.05) part. No difference in micromotion was found between implants placed in sheep and those placed in polyurethane foam with trabecular density of 10 pcf. Only few and inconsistent correlations were found between the parameters evaluated. Conclusions: Bone quality seems to affect implant micromotion although the exact determinants remain unclear. Implants placed in cellular polyurethane foam with density 10 pcf combined with a 3 mm layer of solid foam with density 40 pcf showed biomechanical behavior comparable to implants placed in sheep tibia.
La democracia filipina y sus descontentos: la promesa fallida de la justicia social bajo la Constitución del poder popular de 1987
Authors: Karina A. Lat Tanya
Published: August 2018

Filipinas tiene una de las tasas más altas de desigualdad del sudeste asiático, y no para de crecer. La desigualdad aparece en distintas formas. Hay desigualdad entre las áreas urbanas y rurales; también en cuanto a la etnicidad. Pero la forma más grave de desigualdad es la estratificación de clases, que puede remotarse al pasado precolonial y colonial del país. Para rematar, los niveles de pobreza también son altísimos. Si bien es cierto que el concepto de justicia social ya estaba presente tanto en la Constitución de 1935 como en la de de 1973, no es hasta la Constitución de 1987 cuando se convierte en el foco de atención. No obstante, como veremos, ello no ha sido suficiente para poner fin a la desigualdad y erradicar la pobreza.Recibido: 12 abril 2018Aceptado: 25 junio 2018Publicación en línea: 03 octubre 2018
Globalización y Estado del bienestar: debates actuales en Europa y Asia. Una presentación
Authors: Rodríguez Ángel
Published: August 2018

Jean Monnet, one of the founding fathers of the European Union, once said that “Nothing is possible without men, but nothing lasts without institutions”. This is also true for academic initiatives. After more than sixty years of a generalized mutual indifference (although with some notable exceptions) between legal academics from The Philippines and Spain, new links were re-established in the early years of the present decade. The reflourishing was the result of the passionate efforts of two remarkable scholars from both countries, namely professor José Manuel Torres Perea, a promising lecturer of Civil Law at the University of Málaga (UMA), Spain, and the renowned and highly praised maestro of several generations of Filipino jurists, professor Ruben Balane. Recibido: 20 junio 2018Aceptado: 25 junio 2018Publicación en línea: 03 agosto 2018
El giro punitivo en España. ¿Lo resistirá el Estado del bienestar?
Authors: García Magna Deborah
Published: August 2018

En los últimos años hay una tendencia en España a llevar a cabo reformas penales muy a menudo, como también sucede en otros países. En los 20 años de vigencia del Código penal español se han realizado más de 30 reformas, es decir, con más de una reforma penal al año. La mayoría han incrementado el rigor punitivo extendiendo los tipos penales, subiendo las penas y haciendo el sistema penitenciario menos flexible, en especial con algunos delitos. Todo ello ha llevado a unas tasas de población penitenciaria muy elevadas, aunque en España no hay cifras de delincuencia altas. Esta investigación pone de manifiesto que muchas de las prácticas del sistema penal indican que el modelo de la seguridad ciudadana se está consolidando en el sistema penal español. Sin embargo, este proceso tiene una diferente intensidad en cada fase del sistema, siendo más fuerte en la fase legislativa y más débil en el ámbito penitenciario. Una de las principales conclusiones es que el instrumento que se ha diseñado es ideal para medir el grado de penetración del modelo a través del sistema.Recibido: 12 abril 2018Aceptado: 25 junio 2018Publicación en línea: 03 agosto 2018
Nuevas medidas contra los combatientes terroristas extranjeros en Europa: ¿un modelo para Filipinas?
Authors: Sánchez Frías Alejandro
Published: August 2018

Los combatientes terroristas extranjeros se han convertido en una dolorosa realidad para la comunidad internacional en los últimos años. El Consejo de Seguridad de Naciones Unidas ya ha solicitado a los Estados que adapten sus ordenamientos legislativos para hacerles frente. Europa ha sido una de las víctimas de este fenómeno y ya se han adoptado medidas por el Consejo de Europa y la Unión Europea en diversos ámbitos, siendo uno de los principales el de la armonización de tipos penales para criminalizar las conductas típicas de los combatientes terroristas extranjeros. Filipinas, también acosada por este problema, no ha adoptado aún medidas específicas y puede prestar atención a las iniciativas europeas. Sin olvidar, eso sí, que las injerencias que conllevan en los derechos humanos y las libertades fundamentales deben estar sujetas a controles y garantías. Recibido: 12 abril 2018 Aceptado: 25 junio 2018Publicación en línea: 03 agosto 2018
Subjektif tinnitusun depresyon, anksiyete ve vücut kitle indeksi ile ilişkisi
Authors: ACAR Türkan
Published: August 2018

Amaç: Subjektif
tinnitus, yaşam kalitesini bozabilen ve birtakım psikiyatrik-somatoform
hastalıklarla birlikte görülebilen bir klinik durumdur. Bu psikiyatrik
bozukluklar arasında depresyon, anksiyete ve insomnia yer alır. Vücut kitle
indeksi (VKİ) yüksek olan hastalarda da tinnitus sıklığının daha fazla olduğunu
gösteren çalışmalar mevcuttur. Bu çalışmada tinnitusun depresyon, anksiyete ve
VKİ arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemek istedik. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu
çalışmaya Ocak 2016-Temmuz 2017 tarihleri arasında  nöroloji polikliniğimize yönlendirilen tüm
subjektif tinnituslu hastalar ile yaş ve cinsiyetleri eşleştirilmiş sağlıklı
gönüllüler dahil edildi. Tüm katılımcıların VKİ hesaplandı, Beck Depresyon
Ölçeği (BDÖ), Hamilton Anksiyete Değerlendirme Ölçeği (HADÖ) anketleri de
yapılarak sonuçlar istatistiksel olarak karşılaştırıldı.Bulgular: Subjektif
tinnitus tanılı 40 hastanın (17'si erkek) yaş ortalaması 39.6 idi. 50 sağlıklı
kontrol  grubunun (18'i erkek) yaş
ortalaması 37 idi. Her iki grupta da yaş ve cinsiyet açısından anlamlı fark
saptanmadı. VKİ ortalaması hasta grubunda 31.7±7.0, kontrol grubunda 27.4±4.4
idi ve her iki grup arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı derecede fark vardı (p=0.005).
BDÖ ortalama skoru hasta grubunda 24.2±12.4 olup kontrol grubunda 8.3±6.9 idi
ve her iki grup arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı derecede fark saptandı
(p<0.001). HADÖ ortalama skoru hasta grubunda 7.0±5.3 olup kontrol grubunda
1.8±2.2 idi ve her iki grup arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı derecede fark
saptandı (p<0.001).

Sonuç: Çalışmamızda,
depresyon ve anksiyete varlığı ile artmış VKİ'nin, subjektif tinnitus ile
anlamlı olarak ilişkili olduğu saptanmıştır. 
Bu parametrelerin, henüz tam olarak aydınlatılamamış olan hastalık
etyopatogenezindeki rolünü inceleyecek ve ayrıca tedavideki etkisini
değerlendirilebilecek ileri çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır.
نظم المعلومات الإدارية التربوية
Authors: Karim Amrullah Abdul Malik , M AlFegeh Zenib Mohamed
Published: August 2018

نجاح المؤسسات التربوية في عصر العولمة يعتمد على نظام إدارة المعلومات التعليم الذي هو ممارسات استخدام دقيقة وذات مصداقية وفعالة. نتائج هذه الدراسة تشير إلى أهمية نظام المعلومات والتعليم ودور كبير في تطوير وتحديث التعليم في خضم التغيرات العالمية والمحلية. نظام إدارة المعلومات التعليم قادرة على توفير كل المعلومات التي تحتاجها الإدارات المختلفة للعمليات الإدارية والقياس الإحصائي، وتحديد المشكلة، والسيطرة على نوعية التعليم وتطوير الاستثمار والاتصالات. مع هذا، يمكن لكل مرب تعزيز أنفسهم وتبادل المعلومات وذلك لخلق جو يفضي يدعم نجاح إدارة التعليم في تحديد الإدارة التربوية.The success of educational institutions in the era of globalization depends on the education information management system that is accurate, credible, and efficient usage practices. The results of this study indicate the importance of education information system and great role in the development and modernization of education in the midst of global and local changes. Education information management system able to provide all the information needed by the various departments for administrative processes, statistical measurement, problem identification, control the quality of education and develop investment and communication. With this addition, every educator can promote themselves and exchange information so as to create a conducive atmosphere that supports the success of education management in deciding policy.
تطوير معجم الكتاب بإندونيسي
Authors: Amin Muhammad
Published: August 2018

في عصرنا الحاضر، يحتاج طلاب المدرسة معجم الكتاب. هذا المعجم لكتاب المدرسة في الفصل. كان أكثر الطلاب في المدارس الثانوية الإسلامية يواجهون الصعوبة في استخدام المعجم العادية مثل معجم المنور ومعجم محمود يونس. هم يحتاجون إلى المعجم المساعد، خاصة معجم الذي يصاحب كتاب التعليم المدروس في مدارسهم. هذا البحث يستخدام طريقة البحث والتطوير حيث يطور الباحث المعجم المساعد بخطوات معينة ليسهل الطلاب في بحثهم عن معاني المفردات الموجودة في كتاب التعليم. نتيجة البحث يشير على أن هذا المعجم المساعد (معجم الكاب) لديه فعالية استخدام العالي.In this modern era, the students need book dictionary. This dictionary is dictionary for text book in the class. There are many students in Islamic Senior High School face difficult when using general dictionary like Al-Munawwir dictionary and Mahmud Yunus dictionary. They need auxiliary dictionary, especially dictionary for learning book that they studied in their school. This research uses research and development method that the researcher develop auxiliary dictionary with certainly steps to facilitate students when they are looking for the meaning of vocabularies in the text book. Research result is that auxiliary dictionary has high effectiveness.
İyon-Seçici Elektrotlar Kullanılarak Samsun-Çarşamba Bölgesindeki Topraklarda Kalsiyum ve Magnezyum Tayini
Authors: Asan Adem
Published: August 2018

Bu çalışmada, toprakta bulunan kalsiyum (Ca2+) ve magnezyum (Mg2+)
iyon derişimlerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla, ticari olarak satın
alınan iyonofor maddeler ile Ca2+ ve Mg2+-seçici mikro
boyutta potansiyometrik PVC-membran elektrotlar geliştirilmiştir. Hazırlanan Ca2+
ve Mg2+-seçici elektrotların potansiyometrik performans
karakteristikleri belirlenmiş ve ölçümlerde ana iyon çözeltisine karşı her 10
kat konsantrasyon değişimi için sırasıyla ortalama 23.5 ve 27.6 mV potansiyel
farkı gözlenmiştir. Elektrotlar, 10-1-10-5 mol L-1
derişim aralığında ana iyon çözeltisine karsı doğrusal davranış sergilediği,
alkali ve toprak alkali metal iyonlarının yanında ana iyona karşı oldukça
seçici olduğu belirlenmiştir. Laboratuvarda hazırlanan potansiyometrik
PVC-membran iyon-seçici elektrotlar kullanılarak toprak numunelerindeki Ca2+
ve Mg2+analizleri yapılmıştır. Geliştirilen yönteminin
doğruluğu Atomik Absorpsiyon Spektroskopisi (AAS) tekniği kullanılarak analiz test
edilmiş ve sonuçların birbiri ile uyum içinde olduğu görülmüştür. Elde edilen
sonuçlar, geliştirilen Ca2+ ve Mg2+-seçici mikro boyutta potansiyometrik
PVC-membran elektrotlar ile toprak numunelerindeki bu iyonların tayininde rutin
olarak kullanılabileceğini göstermektedir.
Eutrophication assessment of Lake Manzala, Egypt using geographical information systems (GIS) techniques
Authors: Ahmed Mahmoud H. , Donia Noha , Fahmy Mamdouh A.
Published: August 2018

Lake Manzala is in grave danger of suffering pollution from the drainage of industries, agriculture and urban sewage that affects the physio-chemical and biological parameters in the lake. A geographical information system (GIS)-based method of lake trophic status assessment was undertaken to study the spatial distribution of eutrophic conditions of Lake Manzala. In the present study, tabular data supported by field checks have been analyzed by GIS functions and operations to assess, monitor and model the environmental conditions of the lake. A representation of the spatial distribution was developed using the inverse distance weighted (IDW) interpolation method. The eutrophic state index was calculated to describe the state of the lake's environment. A GIS overlay technique was applied to synthesize the information into a final map illustrating the spatial distribution of eutrophication conditions within the study area. The different levels associated with trophic status classification using GIS were then discussed in relation to environmental change and external loading from tributary inflows. The study revealed that the lake changed to eutrophic freshwater. This change is due to the increase of freshwater inputs and nutrient loading associated with agricultural land reclamation and urban waste disposal.