Modernization of «PRT-10» organic fertilizer spreader for the use in mechanized composting technology
Authors:   National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Pavlenko S. 
Published: February 2024

The purpose of the work is to present the results of testing mock-up samples of technical devices and equipment for the «PRT-10» organic fertilizer spreader to ensure that they fulfill the functional capabilities of mechanized composting and meet the requirements of the technological regulations. Methods and materials. To form a shoulder width of 2.5-3.5 m, a modernized spreader of organic fertilizers of the «PRT-10» type with replaceable drum-milling working bodies was used. Mock-up samples of the working bodies proposed by the author were installed at the places of installation of the existing drums, the main structural difference of which is the presence of right and left spiral lines. The blade installations are directed toward each other, which ensures the movement of raw materials from the side walls to the middle of the container. At the same time, the design of the drive of the working bodies did not change. Results. One of the options for increasing the efficiency of compost production is the expansion of technological capabilities and the development of additional technical devices and equipment for the spreader of organic fertilizers «PRT-10». The design of the mechanized composting device proposed by the author is a separate replaceable module installed on the rear board at the location of two drums of the «PRT-10» serial device. The main purpose of the replaceable module is pre-grinding, mixing of components, and formation of the edge during the preparation of a multi-component mixture that accumulates in the spreader trailer in the technology of mechanized composting. The use in the construction of the «PRT-10» serial spreader of interchangeable drums with the right and left directions of blade installation provides the technological height of the formed edge up to 1.6-1.7 m. The width of the base of the edge is 2.5-3.0 m, which agrees with the basic width values captured by aerators-mixers. The productivity of the unloading tool is up to 100 t/h. A special device for moistening mixtures with a moisture content of 30-45% ensures the introduction of water up to 40-60 l/t. Calculations carried out by the author on the use of the modernized spreader of organic fertilizers «PRT-10» and the aerator-mixer «AZK-2» in the production of composts proved economic advantages in the form of a reduction in fuel consumption during 4 cycles of aeration of the mixture – by 2.5 times. Conclusions. The use of a modernized device on transport units makes it possible to reduce the number of technical means involved in auxiliary operations of mechanized composting. Compost production using the modernized «PRT-10» spreader is economically feasible in existing economic conditions up to 2.0-2.2 thousand tons per processing season. For larger volumes, it is more appropriate to use the «AZK-2» trailed aerator mixer. Key words: compost mixture, burt, modernized spreader, replaceable drum, attached device, moistening, straw layer, mixing, grinding.