bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Conference 2014: Promoting Today's Ideas for Tomorrow's Medicine: Pharmaceutical Science to Regulatory Science. An international symposium held jointly by CSPS and CC-CRS, June 10-13, 2014, Montreal, QC, Canada
Authors: (CSPS) Canadian Society for Pharmaceutical Sciences
Published: August 2017

Plenaries and Special Presentations:Supriya Sharma, Acting Associate Assistant Deputy Minister, Health Canada:  "Facing Tomorrow's Regulatory Challenges Today"Mick Bhatia, McMaster Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute (SCC-RI): "Potential Applications of Human Stem Cells in Therapeutics"You Han Bae, University of Utah: "Current Paradigm of Cancer Nanomedicine and its Perspective - A Gap Between Experimental & Clinical Worlds"Laszlo Endrenyi, University of Toronto: CSPS Lifetime Achievement Award - "Sense and Sensibility (?) in Science"Rav Kumar, GlaxoSmithKline: CSPS Award of Leadership in Canadian Pharmaceutical Sciences - "A Bright Future for Pharmaceutical Sciences in Canada"Emmanuel Ho, University of Manitoba: GlaxoSmithKline/CSPS Early Career Award - "Development of Intravaginal Microbicides for the Prevention of HIV Infection"Building Opportunity Day:- The Life Sciences Industry in Canada:  Now and the Future…- Start-up Pharma:  Case Studies- Supporting Industry:  Funding PanelConference Sessions:1. Early Discovery2. Latest Topics in Bioequivalence3. Successful Candidate Selection from Druggability to Regulatory Submission4. Regulatory Considerations and Analysis of Subsequent Entry Biologics5. Nanomedicine 6. Going Beyond Oral Delivery … Strategies to Enable Drugs to Reach New Targets7. New Trends in Mass Spectrometry for Drug Discovery & Development8. Biomarkers in Pharmacotherapy and Drug Development9. Application of Quality by Design (QbD) and Lifecycle Management to Analytical Procedure10. Current Topics in Drug Safety 11. Recent Trends in Material and Biomaterial Research
Influence of Spirituality and Religion on Adherence to Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy in Adult HIV/AIDS Patients in Calabar, Nigeria
Authors: Ayuk Agam Ebaji , Udonwa Ndifreke , Gyuse Abraham ,   Family Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria.,   Family Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria.,   Family Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria.
Published: August 2017

The emergence of a chronic medical illness such as Human Immune Deficiency Virus and Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS) may be the time when people turn to the Sacred through spirituality and religion. HIV is a chronic illness that requires strict adherence to medication regimens that may be influenced by spirituality/religion. This study was aimed at finding the association between spirituality/religion and adherence to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in adult HIV/AIDS patients. This is a cross-sectional descriptive study of 370 patients. Adherence was measured using an adapted adult AIDS clinical trial group (AACTG) and visual analogue scale (VAS) tools. Spirituality was assessed using Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Spirituality Expanded (FACIT-Sp-Ex) scale, religiosity with Duke University Religion index (DUREL), and religious coping with Brief Religious Coping (RCOPE) scale. Adherence rates were 86.2 and 43.8% using AACTG and VAS tools, respectively. Statistical significant correlation was found between spirituality and adherence to HAART (r = 0.265; p = 0.00). Also, significant correlation was found between positive religious coping and adherence (r = 0.15, p = 0.003). Odds ratio indicated that female respondents were 1.6 times more likely to be adherent, compared with males. Similarly, every unit rise in spirituality score yielded a 1.3 times increased likelihood of adherence to HAART on multiple logistic regression of adherence to HAART with relevant predictors. Both spirituality and positive religious coping have positive influence on optimal adherence. Therefore, the training of health care personnel to assess and provide spiritual care and involvement of chaplains/religious leaders is advocated for improved adherence.
An Introduction to Police Operations and Methods: The Connection to Law and History
Authors: Thompson R. Alan
Published: August 2017

An Introduction to Police Operations and Methods: The Connection to Law and History textbook provides an overview of the complex and evolving role of police in a modern democratic society. Police officers are expected to respond to the demands of competing constituencies and resolve complex societal and individual problems. The invocation of the formal criminal justice system and the use of force to accomplish lawful objectives is sometimes required. In order to understand how and why the police operate as they do, the history of organized law enforcement is examined. Attention is given to the selection and training of qualified officers. Given that patrol work and criminal investigations constitute a significant portion of the police function; police operations, behavior, and culture are also addressed. Underlying the day-to-day work of police officers are the pervasive issues of ethics and discretion that may lead to abuses of power, deviance, and, corruption. The text concludes with an overview of police and the rule of law by identifying significant Supreme Court decisions that have shaped the limits of law enforcement authority.
Assessment and Classification of Tongue-Tie
Authors: Baeza Carmela , Genna Catherine Watson , Murphy James , Hazelbaker Alison K. , Kaplan Martin , Martinelli Roberta , Marchesan Irene , Douglas Pamela , Smillie Christina
Published: August 2017

Tongue-tie can cause many serious breastfeeding problems and even lead to breastfeeding cessation. As the mothers’ stories listed in “When Tongue-Ties Were Missed: Mothers’ Stories” attest, healthcare providers often do not correctly identify when a baby has a tongue-tie. Assessing tongue-tie is essential. What should clinicians look for? Which professionals should be the ones identifying and identifying tongue-tie? Assessing tongue-tie is the focus of this article.
Asociación del virus del papiloma humano con enfermedades oculares del segmento anterior y los párpados
Authors: Abello Tapias Paola Andrea , Herrera Henry
Published: August 2017

Este artículo se basa en la revisión y profundización de los conceptos relacionados con la virulencia del virus del papiloma humano (VPH) en el segmento anterior ocular, coexistente con papilomas múltiples palpebrales. Objetivo: conocer las características clínicas, terapéuticas y epidemiológicas de la infección del VPH en el segmento anterior ocular y los párpados, así como sus diagnósticos diferenciales. Metodología: revisión sistematizada y exhaustiva de literatura científica relevante que evidencia objetividad en su comprensión y reproductividad en su conclusión; la búsqueda se limitó a una revisión sistemática de metanálisis y ensayos clínicos, en idioma inglés y español, a partir del año 2000, basada en la valoración de la calidad de los estudios brindada por la Universidad de Oxford. Resultados: se llegó a un amplio conocimiento de las infecciones producidas por el VPH en el segmento anterior ocular, además de determinar sus características clínicas, terapéuticas, epidemiológicas y preventivas; así mismo, se analizaron los diagnósticos diferenciales. Conclusión: hoy en día, la infección por el VPH se considera de gran importancia para la salud de los seres humanos; por lo tanto, el optómetra debe estar documentado sobre el tema para brindar un diagnóstico adecuado, a partir de la identificación de los síntomas y los signos, con el fin de lograr un acertado manejo.
Diagnóstico diferencial de conjuntivitis alérgica crónica en rinitis alérgica
Authors: Chaclán Delgado Nancy Mariana , Hernández Carbajal Ruth Eva , Ramos Montes Óscar Antonio
Published: August 2017

Introducción: en la clínica de optometría de la Facultad de Estudios Superiores (FES) Iztacala, de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, se presentó un caso clínico de rinoconjuntivitis alérgica persistente monocular en un paciente de 13 años de edad, diagnosticado y tratado como conjuntivitis bacteriana por varias instancias médicas previas a nuestra consulta. Se analizó el caso al considerar los signos y síntomas, así como la evolución de la patología. Objetivo: desarrollar un diagnóstico diferencial entre conjuntivitis alérgica crónica con rinoconjuntivitis alérgica persistente, a partir de un proceso diagnosticado como infeccioso. Método: valoración a través de biomicroscopia, revisión de fosas nasales y garganta y, como apoyo al diagnóstico, exudado conjuntival. Resultados: después de efectuar la valoración clínica del paciente, se diagnosticó rinitis alérgica crónica; así, se remitió al médico general para tratamiento sistémico y se administró un tratamiento local con antihistamínicos. Conclusión: la rinoconjuntivitis persistente tiene una prevalencia de cerca del 88 % de los pacientes que asisten a consulta oftalmológica. Es importante que en la práctica clínica el optometrista fortalezca el diagnóstico con pruebas especiales para la detección de la alergia y con la aplicación de cuestionarios diagnósticos como el presentado por el estudio International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) y el trabajo multidisciplinario.
Genes associated with functional traits in poultry: implications for sustainable genetic improvement
Authors:   University of Georgia, USA, Aggrey Samuel E. , González-Cerón Fernando ,   Chapingo Autonomous University, Mexico, Rekaya Romdhane ,   University of Georgia, USA
Published: August 2017

Poultry production primarily focuses on the supply of saleable products. Meat and eggs are classified as production traits and are the focus of improvement in poultry breeding organizations, while the functional traits of birds have received much less attention. However, over the past decade, the decline in some functional traits and increased awareness of poultry welfare has led to increasing interest in including functional traits in genetic improvement programmes. In this chapter, we first consider the key functional traits of reproductive capacity, skeletal integrity, cardiovascular fitness and disease resistance. We review how advances in molecular biology and sequencing of the chicken genome have made it possible to identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) and gene variants associated with functional traits, and discuss how these traits are genetically related to production traits. We consider how this information can be used to implement sustainable genetic improvement of poultry.
A balanced approach to commercial poultry breeding
Authors:   University of Arkansas, USA, Anthony Nicholas B.
Published: August 2017

Balanced selection aims to move all of the relevant traits of a breed in the direction of the preferred response. This approach takes into account performance traits of growth, yield and feed conversion, but also gives weight to fitness traits such as fertility, hatchability and early chick survivability. This chapter reviews a balanced selection approach as applied to poultry breeding. It begins by discussing resource allocation during rearing to help birds meet their genetic potential, and then reviews how selection programmes for the breeding of poultry have evolved over time. Subsequent sections discuss the pedigree lines leading to commercial products (pipeline genetics), the molecular methods used to guide selection and the connection between balanced selection and improvement of animal welfare.
Advances in understanding and improving the role of amino acids in poultry nutrition
Authors:   Auburn University, USA, Dozier III William A. , Tillman Paul B. ,   Poultry Technical Nutrition Services, USA
Published: August 2017

Dietary amino acids are central to optimizing growth performance, meat yield, and egg production of poultry. This chapter addresses amino acid digestibility coefficients for feed ingredients, digestible amino acid requirements of poultry based on production efficiency, and the role of supplementation of crystalline amino acids on nitrogen balance and ammonia output of poultry. In addition, knowledge gaps in the scientific literature related to amino acid responses of poultry will be discussed.
Advances in understanding and improving the role of enzymes in poultry nutrition
Authors:   University of Manitoba, Canada, Slominski Bogdan A.
Published: August 2017

This chapter reviews the current status of research on feed enzymes with an emphasis on identifying the key challenges researchers face in terms of current trends in enzyme development, mechanism(s) of action and enzyme efficacy. It also addresses new research directions and the development of consensus protocol and/or research approaches to prevent potential duplication of effort and to aid coordinated research and collaboration. Sections cover the key drawbacks and opportunities in the application of phytase, non-starch polysaccharides (NSP) and NSP enzymes, β-mannanase, supplemental α-amylase and protease, with a focus on achieving effective use of feed ingredients and more sustainable production of poultry meat.
Developments in feed technology to improve poultry nutrition
Authors:   Kansas State University, USA, Stark Charles , Fahrenholz Adam ,   North Carolina State University, USA
Published: August 2017

Systematic evaluation of each stage of the feed manufacturing has the potential to identify opportunities for improvement in manufacturing efficiency and reduced nutrient variation in finished feed, ultimately resulting in lower cost sustainable poultry production. This chapter examines the role of automation technology in composing and delivering feed, and addresses the issues of batching, mixing and pelleting feed as well as means of assessing feed quality. The chapter suggests some future developments in the use of technology in poultry nutrition and directs the reader to further reading in this area.
Alternative sources of protein for poultry nutrition
Authors:   University of New England, Australia, Iji Paul A. , Toghyani Mehdi ,   University of New England, Australia, Ahiwe Emmanuel U. ,   University of New England, Australia, Omede Apeh A. ,   University of New England, Australia
Published: August 2017

Soya bean and canola meal are the conventional ingredients used to provide protein in poultry feed. However, they are relatively expensive and must be imported to many poultry-producing areas. Developing alternative protein sources for poultry nutrition will reduce the pressure on these key protein sources, as well as promote the development and sustainability of the poultry industry. In this chapter, we first review the supply of conventional protein sources for poultry, and then consider the range of alternative protein sources that might be developed, including grain by-products, oil seed and fruit by-products, pulses, algae, duckweed and certain animal protein sources. We consider how birds respond to diets containing alternative protein sources, and provide recommendations for improving the nutritive value of these alternative sources.
Understanding feed and water intake in poultry
Authors:   University of Arkansas, USA, Dridi Sami
Published: August 2017

Feed and water efficiency are two vital economic and agricultural traits. Selection for phenotypic feed efficiency has tremendously improved livestock productivity over the past 50 years. However, there have been a number of undesirable changes in the regulation of energy homeostasis and probably water balance associated with this success. Feed and water efficiency encompasses complex mechanisms regulating feed and water intake, energy expenditure, water retention and excretion, and intermediary metabolism related to nutrient and water utilization and partition. Knowledge of these should be used to guide more effective selection. This chapter focuses first on feed intake regulation, offering a review of current understanding of both central feed intake regulation and peripheral and hormonal regulation. It then turns to the issue of the regulation of water homeostasis. It aims to facilitate further progress by asking new questions which may help in developing mechanisms-based strategies to improve both feed and water efficiency.
Remoción quimica-mecánica del tejido cariado em dientes permanentes: reporte de caso clínico
Authors: Fronza Letícia Karine , Schmitz Mariane , Porn Jeferson Luis , Garcia Eugenio Jose , Bussadori Sandra Kalil , Hilgenberg Sérgio Paulo
Published: August 2017

En odontopediatría, una de las principales difi cultades que se presentaen la remoción del tejido dental cariado, es el manejo del paciente niño debido al miedo y a la ansiedad por el uso de anestesia e instrumentos rotatorios. A fi n de resolver este problema, el método químico-mecánico para la eliminación del tejido cariado, es una alternativa conservadora y efi caz ya que evita el uso de anestésicos e instrumental rotatorio. Según estudios, este método es más aceptado por los pacientes comparado con el método tradicional. Este artículo tiene como objetivo presentar un caso clínico del uso del gel a base de papaína (Papacárie ®) para la eliminación químicomecánica del tejido cariado en dientes permanentes.
Adhesión después del uso de dentífricos. Una revisión de la literatura
Authors: Ordoñez Reyes Leydi Fiorela , Estrada Suarez Dante Martín , Tay Chu Jon Lidia Yileng
Published: August 2017

La adhesión representa uno de los procedimientos de mayor empleo en la odontología restauradora, para ello el sistema adhesivo debe contar con propiedades mecánicas ideales, pues su técnica es muy sensible. Muchos reportes indican que el uso de dentífricos puede afectar el proceso de adhesión al sustrato dental, sea esmalte o dentina, y puede variar de acuerdo a su composición. Algunos pueden afectar obliterando los túbulos dentinarios, así también las pastas blanqueadoras liberan radicales libres por un tiempo determinado y pueden afectar la fotopolimerización del material. En la literatura existe controversia del efecto de estos productos sobre la adhesión, es por eso que el objetivo de la presente revisión es mostrar la evidencia científi ca del efecto de los dentífricos con diferentes principios activos en la resistencia de los sistemas adhesivos a la estructura dental.
Cola parchycarpa K. Schum: Chemical Evaluation of Amino Acids, Vitamins and Other Nutritional Factors in Seed, Fruit Mesocarp and Epicarp
Authors: Emmanuel E. Essien  , Imaobong I. Udousoro
Published: August 2017

Cola parchycarpa is one of the under-utilized monkey kola plants that yield edible tasty fruits. The amino acids, vitamins, mineral elements, proximate and anti-nutrients composition of the white aril, seed and fruit epicarp were evaluated using standard procedures. The total essential amino acids ranged from 31.84-55.70 g/100 g, predominated in lysine, leucine and cysteine. The fruit pulp and epicarp contained substantial amount of ascorbic acid (6.310 and 6.646 mg/100 g) and tocopherols (7.328 and 5.314 mg/100 g), respectively including vitamin B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B9 and K1. Potassium, zinc and manganese were relatively high in the seed while calcium, magnesium and iron dominated in the fruit epicarp. The proximate analysis data of the fruit pulp and epicarp were similar except in protein and lipid content. Anti-nutritional factors (phytate, oxalates, cyanide and tannins) were below permissible limits.  This is the first report on amino acids and detailed vitamins composition of C. parchycarpa. These findings indicate the rich nutritional potential of this tasty fruit and further processing into other value added products would encourage conservation and subversion of its impending extinction.
A Survey of Data Processing of EMR (Electronic Medical Record) Based on Data Mining
Authors: Sun Wencheng , Liu Fang , Cai Zhiping , Fang Shengqun , Wang Guoyan
Published: August 2017

At present, medical institutes generally use EMR to record patient's condition, including diagnostic information, procedures performed and treatment results. EMR has been recognized as a valuable resource for large scale analysis. However, EMR has the characteristics of diversity, incompleteness, redundancy and privacy, which make it difficult to carry out data mining and analysis directly. Therefore, it is necessary to preprocess the source data in order to improve data quality and improve the data mining results. Different types of data require different processing technologies. Most structured data commonly needs classic preprocessing technologies, including data cleansing, data integration, data transformation and data reduction. For semi-structured or unstructured data, such as medical text, containing more health information, it requires more complex and challenging processing methods. The task of information extraction for medical texts mainly includes NER (Named Entity Recognition) and RE (Relation Extraction). In this paper, we introduce the process of EMR processing, including data collection, data preprocessing, data mining, evaluation and knowledge application, analyze the current status of the key technologies, such as data preprocessing and data mining, and provide an overview of the application domains and prospects of EMR mining technologies. Finally, we summarize the existing problems in the research of EMR mining, and review the development trends.
Oral Health Integration Into a Pediatric Practice and Coordination of Referrals to a Colocated Dental Home at a Federally Qualified Health Center
Authors: Sengupta Nandini , Nanavati Sonal , Cericola Maria , Simon Lisa
Published: August 2017

We have integrated preventive oral health measures into preventive care visits for children at a federally qualified health center in Boston, Massachusetts. The program, started in 2015, covers 3400 children and has increased universal caries risk screening in primary care to 85%, fluoride varnish application rates to 80%, and referrals to a dental home to 35%. We accomplished this by minimizing pressures on providers’ workflow, empowering medical assistants to lead the initiative, and utilizing data-driven improvement strategies, alongside colocated coordinated care.
Multiscale Imaging of Gas Storage in Shales
Authors: Aljamaan Hamza , Ross Cynthia M. , Kovscek Anthony R.
Published: August 2017

Four intact 2.54-cm-diameter cores from different shale plays (Barnett, Haynesville, Eagle Ford, and Permian Basin) were analyzed for their gas-storage capacity by use of a novel multiscale-imaging methodology spanning from centimeter to nanometer scale. Gas-storage (free and sorbed gas) capacity was investigated at the core scale with carbon dioxide (CO2) and krypton (Kr) by use of X-ray computed tomography (CT) with voxel dimensions of 190 × 190 × 1000 µm. Also, 2D tiled images were acquired with a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and stitched together to form 2.54-cm-diameter mosaics with a pixel resolution of 1.5 µm. Multiscale-image registration was then carried out to align the CT data with the SEM mosaics. Energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) generated elemental spectra maps and subsequent component maps for regions with either substantial or minimal gas storage to assess the interplay of structural features (e.g., fractures) and matrix composition with respect to gas accessibility and storage.

Registration of CT scans (vacuumed and gas-filled) as well as 190-µm-resolution CT-derived gas-storage maps with 1.5-µm-resolution SEM mosaics is straight forward for samples with dense features (such as calcite-filled fractures) that are resolvable by CT imaging. Alignment methods were developed for samples lacking these features, including registration marks by use of silver paint and intermediate-resolution microCT scans with cubic voxel dimensions of 27 µm. After alignment, the relationship of enhanced storage zones with open fractures and reduced storage regions with secondary mineralization (such as nodules) is apparent for the carbonaceous samples. For the clay-rich Barnett sample, fracture-filling calcite is associated with reduced storage similar to the other samples; however, secondary carbonate cementation within the clay matrix aligns with regions with substantial Kr- and CO2-gas storage. In contrast, clay-rich matrix regions lacking secondary carbonate cementation exhibit minimal gas-storage potential. Causes for this unexpected result include reduced gas accessibility and, possibly, low organic-matter content in the clay-rich matrix compared with secondary cemented matrix.

These gas-sorption experiments prove the feasibility of dynamic core- to nanometer-scale CT/SEM/EDS image registration to improve sample characterization. To our knowledge, this is the first investigation of core-scale CO2-gas storage using multiscale imaging. CT and SEM image registration reveal spatial details regarding gas accessibility and storativity at the core scale. This work also supports the potential of carbon storage in shale formations and guides engineers toward optimal CO2-injection zones for enhanced gas recovery.
Effects of Hydrogen‐Rich Water on Fitness Parameters of Rice Plants
Authors: Liu Fang , Jiang Wanxiang , Han Weijuan , Li Junsheng , Liu Yongbo
Published: August 2017

Core Ideas

Hydrogen‐rich water can affect the elongation of rice roots and shoots.

Hydrogen‐rich water can effect the reproductive fitness of Bt‐transgenic and conventional rice.

The effects of hydrogen‐rich water effects vary with original habitats and genetic backgrounds.

Hydrogen gas (H2) plays a crucial role in plant resistance to stresses, yet whether it affects plant growth and reproduction remains unclear. To detect the effects of H2 on plant fitness, we conducted a greenhouse experiment using hydrogen‐rich water (HW) to irrigate conventional rice (Oryza sativa L.), insect‐resistant Bt‐transgenic rice expressing Bacillus thuringiensis, and two wild rice species (O. rufipogon Griff. and O. minuta J. Presl) from six habitats. Hydrogen‐rich water inhibited the elongation of roots and shoots in conventional and transgenic rice. The impacts of HW on roots and shoots of wild rice varied with original habitats. Hydrogen‐rich water decreased the fitness parameters of conventional rice, with lower pollen radius, thousand seed weight, and the number of full seeds. For transgenic rice, HW decreased pollen radius and thousand seed weight but increased ear length and the number of full seeds. Results indicate that HW can affect plant growth and reproduction, and the effects vary with the original habitats and genetic backgrounds of plants.
Sensor‐based Nitrogen Fertilization for Midseason Rice Production in Southeast Missouri
Authors: Foster Anserd , Atwell Sam , Dunn David
Published: August 2017

Core Ideas

Sensor‐based N management used with a nitrogen‐rich strip was a very effective decision support tool for midseason N management.

Sensor‐based N management provided opportunity to take advantage of year‐to‐year environmental variation.

Sensor‐based N management approach reduced the amount of total N applied without any yield penalty compared with the traditional practice.

Sensor‐based nitrogen (N) decision management tools have shown potential to improve N fertilizer efficiency, yield, and profitability. Small‐plot experiments were conducted to evaluate the use of sensor‐based management in guiding midseason N application decisions. Treatments were two rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars (Jupiter, a medium grain, and Roy J, a long grain) and eight N treatments: (i) check (no N fertilizer); (ii) 60 lb N/acre applied preflood + midseason N applied based on sensor reading (sensor‐based management); (iii) 90 lb N/acre applied preflood + midseason N applied based on sensor reading (sensor‐based management); (iv) 120 lb N/acre applied preflood; (v) 120 lb N/acre applied preflood + 30 lb N/acre applied at midseason (traditional practice); (vi) 120 lb N/acre applied preflood + midseason N applied based on sensor reading (sensor‐based management); (vii) 150 lb N/acre applied preflood; and (viii) 180 lb N/acre applied preflood (N reference strip). Grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) were compared among N treatments. Results showed sensor‐based management for midseason application recommended lower total N application rate by 15 to 90 lb N/acre over the traditional practice. These results indicate that N fertilization made by a sensor‐based midseason recommendation can optimize yield and NUE in southeast Missouri.
Genetic Characterization of Stem Rust Resistance in a Global Spring Wheat Germplasm Collection
Authors: Gao Liangliang , Rouse Matthew N. , Mihalyov Paul D. , Bulli Peter , Pumphrey Michael O. , Anderson James A.
Published: August 2017

Stem rust, caused by the fungus Puccinia graminis Pers. f. sp. tritici Ericks, is one of the most damaging diseases of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). The recent emergence of the stem rust Ug99 race group poses a serious threat to world wheat production. Utilization of genetic resistance in cultivar development is the optimal way to control stem rust. Here, we report association mapping of stem rust resistance in a global spring wheat germplasm collection (2152 accessions) genotyped with the wheat iSelect 9K single‐nucleotide polymorphism array. Using a unified mixed model method (or QK method), we identified a total of 47 loci that were significantly associated with various stem rust resistance traits including field disease resistance and seedling resistance against multiple stem rust pathogen races including BCCBC, TRTTF, TTKSK (Ug99), and TTTTF. The 47 loci could be further condensed into 11 quantitative trait locus (QTL) regions according to linkage disequilibrium information among adjacent markers. We postulate that these QTLs represent known stem rust resistance genes including Sr2, Sr6, Sr7a, Sr8a, Sr9h, Sr13, Sr28, and Sr36. We further employed a multilocus mixed model to explore marker‐trait associations and identified two additional QTLs (one potentially represents Sr31) that were significantly associated with stem rust resistance against various races. Combinations of the most significant loci for each trait explained up to 38.6% of the phenotypic variance. Markers identified through this study could be used to track the genes or QTLs. Accessions with high numbers of resistance‐associated alleles may serve as important breeding materials for stem rust resistance.
Cytological and Morphological Evaluation of Interspecific Hybrids between Trifolium repens and T. uniflorum
Authors: Hussain S. W. , Verry I. M. , Jahufer M. Z. Z. , Williams W. M.
Published: August 2017

A significant constraint to the vegetative persistence of white clover (Trifolium repens L.) is summer moisture stress. A closely related species, T. uniflorum L., has a robust root system that could provide drought resistance. Hybridization of these two species leads to the generation of fertile hybrids. A study was conducted to generate F1 hybrids and first backcrosses (BC1) to white clover, and to evaluate the fertility, meiotic chromosome behavior, and plant morphology of these hybrids. Marker chromosome counts of the F1 and BC1 individuals confirmed hybridity. Meiotic configurations of five F1 and five BC1 plants indicated close homology between the two species and homoeologous pairing of white clover subgenomes. To evaluate phenotypes, clones of 56 individual genotypes (seven F1, 32 BC1, and 17 elite white clover plants) were grown in sand. After 13 mo, the leaves, stolons, and roots were measured and the dry weights of shoots and roots were determined by destructive harvest. Pattern analysis of the genotype‐by‐trait data identified four progeny groups. The F1 progeny were confined to the group with the lowest mean expression for most root and shoot traits. Most of the BC1 progeny grouped with the elite white clovers, but two BC1 formed a group with superior vigor and morphology, combining the best root and shoot traits of both parents. These BC1 individuals with similar shoot morphology to white clover and a robust root system, similar to T. uniflorum, are being integrated into a program to breed drought‐resistant hybrids to replace white clover in dry environments.
Statins in Acute Coronary Syndromes
Authors: Vavuranakis Manolis , Kariori Maria , Siasos Gerasimos , Kalogeras Konstantinos , Tousoulis Dimitris
Published: August 2017

Background: Patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) frequently experience recurrent adverse
events from the cardiovascular system comparing to either healthy individuals or individuals with stable coronary
artery disease. This is attributed to the inflammatory cascade that is activated during ACS resulting in increased
risk for rupture of vulnerable plaques.

Objective: Therefore, it is of great importance to avoid recurrent events with treatment aiming at secondary prevention
which includes the management of lipid profile besides alteration in the lifestyle and habits.

Methods: This review will present current data concerning present status of treatment with statins, and refer to
non-statin strategies as well as novel and promising agents for the secondary prevention therapy after ACS. A
thorough search of PubMed and the Cochrane Database was conducted in order to identify the majority of trials,
studies, current guidelines and novel articles related to the subject.

Results: Statins have been proved to play very significant role in the part of secondary prevention since they
decrease the burden of atherosclerotic plaques, the risk of adverse events and the need for revascularization in
symptomatic patients with CAD. Therefore, they were established and suggested by both European and American
guidelines as first-line treatment option for lipid-lowering management. Several clinical trials, meta- analyses and
randomized trials strongly recommended the application of early and intensive treatment with statins in patients
with ACS. Nevertheless, a vast majority of individuals neither tolerated statins nor achieved the optimal value for
LDL-C with the highest tolerated dose of statins resulting in poor clinical outcome. Furthermore, recent clinical
trials indicated further benefit of combined treatment of statins with non-statins drugs on the decrease of cardiovascular
events as well as progress of coronary artery plaque. Finally, novel agents that are still evaluated with
ongoing clinical trials have been turned into a very promising treatment option.

Conclusion: In conclusion, statins are established as the first-line treatment for the secondary prevention after
acute coronary syndromes in order to avoid the recurrence of thrombotic events. However, the research field on
the field of lipid-lowering therapies is still ongoing and very promising for the future.
Neurotransplantation Therapy and Cerebellar Reserve
Authors: Cendelin Jan , Mitoma Hiroshi , Manto Mario
Published: August 2017

Background & Objective: Neurotransplantation has been recently the focus of interest as a
promising therapy to substitute lost cerebellar neurons and improve cerebellar ataxias. However, since
cell differentiation and synaptic formation are required to obtain a functional circuitry, highly integrated
reproduction of cerebellar anatomy is not a simple process. Rather than a genuine replacement,
recent studies have shown that grafted cells rescue surviving cells from neurodegeneration by exerting
trophic effects, supporting mitochondrial function, modulating neuroinflammation, stimulating endogenous
regenerative processes, and facilitating cerebellar compensatory properties thanks to neural
plasticity. On the other hand, accumulating clinical evidence suggests that the self-recovery capacity is
still preserved even if the cerebellum is affected by a diffuse and progressive pathology. We put forward
the period with intact recovery capacity as “restorable stage” and the notion of reversal capacity
as “cerebellar reserve”.

Conclusion:

The concept of cerebellar reserve is particularly relevant, both theoretically and practically,
to target recovery of cerebellar deficits by neurotransplantation. Reinforcing the cerebellar reserve and
prolonging the restorable stage can be envisioned as future endpoints of neurotransplantation.
Safety Issues of Female Workers of Garment Industry in Gazipur District, Bangladesh
Authors: Mahmud Md. Shohel , Vinay Rajath D
Published: August 2017

We study the prevalence of safety hazards of female worker of the garment industry in Gazipur district, Bangladesh. This study focused on two sub-districts, Sreepur and Kaliakoir, of Gazipur district. Data for this study were collected from 100 female garment workers of the district. This study observes female workers in the industry consistently suffer from a wide range of safety hazards, such simple cut injury and fire incidences at the workplace. This study also analyses the causes and measures to solve the health issues of female garment workers of Gazipur district.
Real-world comparison of treatment patterns and effectiveness of albiglutide and liraglutide
Authors: Buysman Erin K , Sikirica Mirko V , Thayer Sarah W , Bogart Michael , DuCharme Mary C , Joshi Ashish V
Published: August 2017

Aim:
To compare medication adherence, discontinuation and glycemic control in patients receiving albiglutide versus liraglutide.
Patients & methods:
Administrative claims data and glycated hemoglobin (HbA
1c
) results were analyzed from a sample of adult health plan members with Type 2 diabetes.
Results:
Patients were matched 1:1 in the albiglutide (n = 2213) and liraglutide (n = 2213) overall cohorts and in 244 patients with HbA
1c
results from each treatment group. Mean HbA
1c
change from baseline was −1.0% for both groups. At 6 months, mean ± standard deviation adherence was 0.69 ± 0.29 versus 0.64 ± 0.29 (p < 0.001), and discontinuation was 33.2 versus 37.8% (p = 0.002) with albiglutide versus liraglutide, but these were not statistically or clinically different at 12 months.
Conclusion:
Similar treatment patterns and clinically meaningful reductions in HbA
1c
were observed for both treatments in this real-world comparison.
A STUDY ON PRE-SERVICE PHYSICS TEACHERS’ CONCEPTUALIZATION ON ELEMENTARY QUANTUM MECHANICS
Authors: Pantoja Glauco Cohen Ferreira
Published: August 2017

In this work, we present the results of a research in which we aimed to evidence obstacles and advances in pre-service teachers’ conceptualization on a subject involving elementary Quantum Mechanics. We based our analysis on the theories due to David Ausubel and Gèrard Vergnaud to study Meaningful Learning patterns, both in predicative and operatory form of knowledge, of six students involved in a didactical intervention composed of six classes, in which we emphasized both similarities and differences between Classical and Quantum Physics. With this intervention, we intended to teach the concepts of Physical System, Dynamical Variables, State of a Physical System and Time Evolution. We guided our data analysis by the methodology of content analysis (Bardin, 2008) and it turned possible to map Meaningful Learning patterns involving the four concepts to which were associated a set of essential features (in the predicative stage) and a set of theorems-in-action (in the operatory stage) relating the aim-concepts in problem-solving or conceptual mapping.
Tradução e adaptação cultural de uma medida de avaliação da sabedoria: a 3D-WS-19
Authors: Gonçalves Raquel
Published: August 2017

Partindo do compromisso da Gerontologia Social de tentar explicar as diferenças interindividuais que se amplificam com o aumento da idade, e no sentido de melhorar a compreensão e intervenção gerontológica, o presente estudo assumiu como objetivo avaliar as qualidades psicométricas da Three-Dimensional Wisdom Scale (3D-WS; Ardelt, 2003), enquanto medida de avaliação das características associadas à sabedoria. Os resultados sugerem uma nova solução fatorial, a 3D-WS-19, que se apresenta como um instrumento de medida válido, fiável e adequado à população adulta portuguesa.Palavras-chave: Sabedoria; Validação; Análise fatorial confirmatória.
Esboço de teoria da prova para a silogística
Authors: Sautter Frank Thomas
Published: August 2017

Analisarei estruturas resultantes da utilização coordenada de múltiplos silogismos, e investigarei o problema de normalização de tais estruturas.
Peirce’s pragmatist portrait of deliberative rationality
Authors: Colapietro Vincent
Published: August 2017

Meu propósito abrangente é oferecer um esboço pragmatista da racionalidade deliberativa derivada dos textos coligidos no volumoso conjunto de C. S. Peirce. Embora em alguns casos, as formulações sejam minhas, e não de Peirce. Porém, isso não torna meu esforço um caso de ventriloquismo (colocando minhas palavras na boca dele): a posição em relação à racionalidade é dele, e não (no primeiro caso) minha. Minha tese é que, para Peirce, a razão é no fundo, um conjunto mais ou menos integrado de hábitos, possibilitando aos agentes serem deliberativos. Ou seja, para ele, a deliberação é o cerne da racionalidade. Esta é, fundamentalmente, uma capacidade agencial: aplica-se primordialmente a agentes, sendo conhecedores teóricos um papel importante desempenhado por agentes deliberativos. O que espero demonstrar neste trabalho é a razão pela qual este retrato da razão é distintamente pragmático e verdadeiramente peirciano. O que também espero demonstrar é como a posição de Peirce implica o que, na filosofia contemporânea, é identificado por Christine Korsgaard como autoconstituição, por Sabrina Lovibond como autoformação e por outros teóricos com designações outras. Agentes deliberativos são, segundo Peirce, agentes radicalmente responsáveis. São responsáveis pelos verdadeiros critérios nos quais razoabilidade e responsabilidade são definidas e desenvolvidas. A questão de maturidade e a relação entre ser moral e ser maduro são essenciais à explicação de Peirce de racionalidade. Seu retrato pragmatista da racionalidade deliberativa é, a meu ver, não só sustentável quanto convincente. Acima de tudo, isto é o que espero demonstrar neste ensaio.
Pragmatic clarifications and dispositions in Peirce’s How to Make our Ideas Clear
Authors: Girel Mathias
Published: August 2017

A “prova” do pragmatismo e, em geral, a ideia que a relevância da máxima pragmatista tinha que ser “provada”, é uma questão controversa. Devemos ter cautela antes de considerá-la. Christopher Hookway dedicou um livro a essa mesmíssima questão e os argumentos, frequentemente, envolvem a consideração de ínfimos detalhes dos escritos tardios de Peirce, bem além do âmbito deste trabalho. Contentar-me-ei aqui com um enigma, lógica e cronologicamente precedente: acadêmicos assumem, há muito tempo, que Peirce aplicou, em um novo contexto lógico e metafísico, a doutrina de Bain de que uma crença era uma “prontidão para agir” e que essa aplicação forneceu o cerne do primeiro pragmatismo de Peirce. Penso que mesmo nos primeiros textos, isto não é bem assim e, contrariamente ao que é frequentemente considerado, disposições à ação não desempenham um papel tão óbvio nas Ilustrações da Lógica da Ciência. Em suma, não está claro se os exemplos de Peirce foram, na época, exemplos pragmáticos. A primeira seção deste trabalho apresenta um roteiro preliminar para aferir as diversas dimensões do pragmatismo de Peirce na década de 1870; a segunda aborda o suposto papel do disposicionalismo em Como Tornar Nossas Ideias Claras (doravante designado como HMIC); a terceira apresenta algums elementos contextuais que podem explicar o “surto” de disposicionalismo em 1878.
Contextualism as representationalism?
Authors: Marchesan Eduardo Caliendo
Published: August 2017

Este artigo aborda uma crítica feita alguns anos atrás por Avner Baz sobre o trabalho de contextualistas atuais na filosofia da linguagem. A crítica de Baz enfoca a ideia de que os contextualistas (especialmente Charles Travis) interpretaram mal o ataque feito por J. L. Austin e Wittgenstein à chamada “concepção vigente de significado”. Apesar da insistência deles sobre os fatores contextuais que determinam o contexto de uma declaração, Baz argumenta que os contextualistas ainda explicam nossos enunciados em termos das condições de verdade das sentenças que expressam e, ao enfatizarem a dimensão referencial das palavras, acabam por defender uma concepção de significado como uma entidade teórica, responsável por assinalar os objetos do nosso discurso. Portanto, para Baz, eles mantêm uma visão representacionista ainda intimamente ligada à concepção tradicional de concepção de significado. Descrevendo as bases da visão de Baz, sustento neste artigo que a ligação que ele assevera entre referência e uma teoria de significado como representação, é precisamente o objetivo de contextualistas como Charles Travis. O trabalho deles é apresentado aqui como uma tentativa de explicar a referência de palavras e as condições de verdade de uma sentença após a ocorrência de uma negação radical da noção de significado como representação. Nesse sentido, contrariamente ao que Baz afirma, estão intimamente ligados ao espírito dos pioneiros da filosofia da linguagem comum.
Manuel Durán, Luis de León. Twayne, New York, 1971; 182 pp. (TWAS, 136).
Authors: Colombí-Monguió Alicia de
Published: August 2017

Se reseñó el libro: Luis de León.
Símbolos y palabras en el "Setenario" de Alfonso X
Authors: Lapesa Rafael
Published: August 2017

En este número no se incluyeron resúmenes ni palabras clave.
Calculations of the Hydrodynamic Characteristics of a Ducted Propeller Operating in Oblique Flow
Authors: Ghassemi Hassan , Majdfar Sohrab , Forouzan Hamid
Published: August 2017

The purpose of this paper is to calculate the hydrodynamic performance of a ducted propeller (hereafter Duct_P) at oblique flows. e numerical code based on the solution of the Reynolds-averaged Navier– Stokes equations (RANSE) applies to the Kaplan propeller with 19A duct. e shear-stress transport (SST)-k-ω turbulence model is used for the present results. Open-water hydrodynamic results are compared with experimental data showing a relatively acceptable agreement. Two oblique flow angles selected to analyze in this paper are 10 and 20 degrees. Numerical results of the pressure distribution and hydrodynamic performance are presented and discussed.
Onshore Reception Facilities for ballast water
Authors: Pereira Newton Narciso , Brinati Hernani Luiz , Pereira Antunes Rodrigo
Published: August 2017

This paper completes an exploration analysis of onshore ballast water treatment alternatives at major ports. e authors had presented results for option (1) ballast water treatment onshore installed in two iron ore ports in 2012 applying the discrete events simulation model. Now, two more options are presented: (2) mobile and (3) desalination reception facilities. e previous simulation model developed called TRANSBALLAST, was adapted to consider these two new alternatives. is model was applied to the same ports presented in 2012 and this evaluation also includes one more port with 50 million tons annually (Mta) of iron ore transport capacity. e results uncovered that for (2) there is an increase of 1.90 days on the average waiting time of ships that moored at Port 1. In (3), the average waiting time and berth occupation rates were observed to remain the same presented in (1). One of the major differences between the systems consists in catching sea water to increase the desalination plant operational capacity. Among those three onshore ballast water treatment alternatives, (2) does not impact port terminals infrastructure. Additionally, option (2) could be offered to ports users as a ballast water treatment service and ship-owners might not need any onboard ballast water treatment system. (3) Might be feasible to ports regions without enough water supplies solving two issues: transfer of invasive species from ballast water and water recycling.