bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prospects for $\tau$ lepton physics at Belle II
Authors: Hernandez Villanueva Michel Enrique
Published: February 2019

The Belle II experiment is an upgrade of the Belle detector and will
operate at the SuperKEKB energy-asymmetric
e^+e^-e+e−
collider. The accelerator has already successfully completed the first
phase of commissioning and first electron positron-collisions in Belle
II were observed in April 2018. The design luminosity of SuperKEKB is
8x10^{35}35
cm^{-2}−2s^{-1}−1
and the Belle II experiment aims to record 50
ab^{-1}−1
of data. Belle II has a broad program of \tauτ
physics, in particular, precision measurements of Standard Model
parameters and searches of lepton flavor and lepton number violations,
benefiting from the large cross-section of the pairwise
\tauτ
lepton production in e^+e^-e+e−
collisions. In this talk, we will review the
\tauτ
lepton physics program of Belle II.
A no-go theorem for non-standard explanations of the $\tau\to K_S\pi\nu_\tau$ CP asymmetry
Authors: Cirigliano Vincenzo , Crivellin Andreas , Hoferichter Martin
Published: February 2019

A new tensor interaction is the only possibility to explain the
\boldsymbol{2.8\sigma}2.8𝛔
tension observed by the BaBar collaboration in the CP asymmetry in
\boldsymbol{\tau\to K_S\pi\nu_\tau}𝛕→𝐊𝐒𝛑𝛎𝛕
with physics beyond the Standard Model (BSM) realized above the
electroweak scale. However, the strong phase generated by the
interference between vector and tensor phases is suppressed by at least
two orders of magnitude due to Watson’s final-state-interaction theorem,
and the strength of the CP-violating tensor interaction is strongly
constrained by bounds from the neutron electric dipole moment and
\boldsymbol{D}𝐃–\boldsymbol{\bar{D}}𝐃‾
mixing. As a result, a confirmation of the tension at Belle II would
point to light BSM physics.
NLO prediction for the decays $\tau \to \ell \ell'\ell' \nu \bar \nu$ and $\mu \to e e e \nu \bar\nu$
Authors: Fael Matteo
Published: February 2019

These proceedings review the differential decay rates and the
branching ratios of the tau and muon decays
\tau \to \ell \ell' \ell' \nu \bar\nuτ→ℓℓ′ℓ′νν‾
(with \ell,\ell'=\mu,eℓ,ℓ′=μ,e)
and \mu \to e e e \nu \bar \nuμ→eeeνν‾
in the Standard Model at NLO. These five-body leptonic decays are a tool
to study the Lorentz structure of weak interactions and to test lepton
flavour universality. They are also a source of SM background to
searches for the lepton-flavour-violating decays
\mu \to e e eμ→eee
and \tau \to \ell \ell' \ell'τ→ℓℓ′ℓ′.

Even if the shift in the branching ratios induced by radiative
corrections turns out to be small and of order 1% — mainly due to a
running effect of the fine structure constant — locally in the phase
space these corrections can reach the 5 - 10% level, depending on the
applied cuts. We found for instance that in the phase space region where
the neutrino energies are small, and the momenta of the three charged
leptons have a similar signature as in \mu \to eeeμ→eee
and \tau \to \ell \ell'\ell'τ→ℓℓ′ℓ′,
the NLO corrections decrease the leading-order prediction by about 10 -
20%.
Theory Status - Puzzles in B Meson Decays and LFU?
Authors: Fajfer Svjetlana
Published: February 2019

Currently B meson puzzles motivate many studies of New Physics due to
the observed deviations from the Standard Model predictions. There are
two B meson puzzles, R_{D^{(*)}}RD(*)
and R_{K^{(*)}}RK(*).
The first one denotes the deviations in the decays driven by the charged
current in the ratio of the decay widths for
B \to D^{(*)} \tau \nuB→D(*)τν
and B \to D^{(*)} \mu \nuB→D(*)μν,
while the second one is related to the ratio of the decay widths for
B \to K^{(*)} \mu^+ \mu^-B→K(*)μ+μ−
and B \to K^{(*)} e^+ e^-B→K(*)e+e−
transition. Also, the measured muon anomalous magnetic moment differs
from the SM predictions. Usually, the effective Lagrangian approach
containing New Physics effects is used to analyse
R_{D^{(*)}}RD(*)
and R_{K^{(*)}}RK(*).
Among many models of New Physics, various leptoquark models are
suggested to resolve both B meson anomalies. If New Physics is confirmed
in B decays a number of processes at low and high energies should
confirm its presence.
Antropología del pobre y alternativas al desarrollo en Medellín
Authors: Vélez Bedoya Ángel Rodrigo , Insuasty Rodríguez Alfonso
Published: February 2019

Medellín es una de las ciudades que reporta anualmente uno de los indicadores de concentración de riqueza más altos del mundo, lo que significa que la pobreza es un factor que incide en la vida de la gente y que podría explicar en gran parte las problemáticas de exclusión y violencia. Una mirada desde la antropología de la pobreza permite reconocer los aportes de los movimientos sociales que desde distintas perspectivas se han gestado y que han generado alternativas críticas y emancipatorias. Esta ponencia busca realizar una mirada antropológica a la pobreza en Medellín considerando algunos aportes del pensamiento franciscano y experiencias sociales que han incidido en el buen vivir.
Conflicto y convivencia vecinal: población desplazada y reubicada en contextos urbanos: el caso de los bloques de vivienda altos de la sabana en Sincelejo, Colombia
Authors: Ortegón Medina Twiggy Malena
Published: February 2019

Son diversas las relaciones de conflicto y convivencia de la comunidad desplazada a causa del conflicto armado interno en el departamento de Sucre, Colombia. Población procedente de entornos predominantemente rurales que ha sido ubicada por el Estado en bloques de vivienda urbana en la capital del departamento. A nivel teórico conceptual se abordan referentes que observan el conflicto desde la perspectiva del comportamiento de los actores: sus intereses, estrategias y concibiéndolo también como dinamizador social, desde allí construir con la comunidad iniciativas que fortalezcan la convivencia y permitan una gestión no violenta de los conflictos que posibilite un fortalecimiento del tejido social en este nuevo contexto.
Democracia electoral en Colombia desde una visión de competencia
Authors: Hernandez Díaz Juan Carlos , Echeverri Martínez Laura Milena
Published: February 2019

El presente artículo pretende exponer el funcionamiento de la democracia electoral en Colombia, desde la teoría competitiva de John Schumpeter. A partir del acontecer histórico nacional se pretende comprender cuál es el impacto y qué significa el proceso de elecciones en esta sociedad. Como la intención es comprender cómo se ha desarrollado la democracia en Colombia, es necesario definir en un primer momento los conceptos claves para entender qué es democracia, específicamente la electoral y competitiva. A continuación, analizar el comportamiento electoral en Colombia, a través de datos cuantitativos y cualitativos sobre las últimas elecciones, respecto a temas como legitimidad, valor y abstencionismo; variables que permitirán identificar cuáles son las principales debilidades para la democracia en el país. Con la intención de aplicar el alcance teórico, se hará un breve análisis acerca del comportamiento político en Bogotá, como capital del país y como centro del movimiento político nacional, esto permitirá alcanzar una comprensión valiosa sobre la democracia en Colombia.
The optimal choice of an analgesic and antipyretic drug in paediatric practice
Authors: Drozdov V. N. , Bagdasaryan A. A. , Serebrova S. Yu. , Muratov K. M. , Starodubtsev A. K. , Bondarenko D. A.
Published: February 2019

Onset of fever and pain syndrome in children is one of the most frequent reasons parents take their children to a paediatrician. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are widely used to relieve such symptoms. The mechanism of action of NSAIDs is to inhibit the activity of the enzyme called cyclooxygenase (COX). Paracetamol, one of the drugs that inhibit COX, exerts its pharmacodynamic effect in the central nervous system, thereby providing antipyretic and analgesic effects, but it is ineffective in stopping inflammation. Such common conditions in children as fever and pain syndrome of mild to medium intensity are among the indications for use of Efferalgan containing paracetamol as an active ingredient. Solution and rectal suppositories are the most commonly used dosage forms of Efferalgan in children, as these dosage forms can be used, when the child reaches 1 and 3 months of age, respectively. The correct dose of paracetamol for a child depends on their weight. It should be remembered that the relief of a fever or pain syndrome is a symptomatic treatment. Therefore, if they appear, you should visit a doctor to identify carefully the possible cause and select the appropriate therapy.
Fenspiride use in acute respiratory infections in children
Authors: Kolosova N. G. , Shakhnazarova M. D.
Published: February 2019

Acute respiratory infections are the most common pathology in childhood, representing not only a medical but also a socio-economic problem. Numerous studies on the use of anti-inflammatory therapy in ARI have shown high efficacy and safety profile of fenspiride. The combination of anti-inflammatory, antiallergic, and antispasmodic properties ensures the success of fenspiride in the treatment of acute respiratory diseases in children. Fenspiride reduces symptoms of ARI, accelerates recovery, reduces the need for additional prescription of other drugs.
Steatorrhea in young children: what to do?
Authors: Zakharova I. N. , Sugyan N. G.
Published: February 2019

Making sure that the child is absorbing properly the main nutrients such as proteins, fats, carbohydrates, and vitamins, macro- and micronutrients is a key influencer when it comes to the harmonious growth and development. In infants, triglycerides digestion starts in the stomach, where three lipases – human milk, gastric and lingual lipases – split triglycerides. The participation of breast milk lipase stimulated by bile salts in the duodenum in splitting fats is an important feature of digestion in breastfed babies. The absorption of fatty acids differs depending on the length of the carbon chain and the location of the fatty acid in the glycerol molecule. Short-chain and medium-chain fatty acids, as well as glycerine, choline are hydrophilic compounds, which are absorbed without pancreatic lipase and bile acids, directly into the blood, bypassing the lymphatic system. The specific configuration of human milk triglycerides improves the absorption of fatty acids. In situations where lipids digestion or absorption appears impaired, one may talk of steatorrhea. If young children have type I steatorrhea (the presence of neutral fat in stool), it is first required to exclude absolute exocrine pancreatic insufficiency: cystic fibrosis, Shwachman-Diamond syndrome, Pearson syndrome, isolated lipase deficiency (Sheldon – Ray syndrome), etc. Type II steatorrhea (excretion of fatty acids in stool) is not a specific symptom of certain diseases, but is often observed in the small intestine pathology.
Clinical approach to the selection of topical decongestants in paediatric otolaryngology practice
Authors: Karpishchenko S. A. , Vereshchagina O. E. , Teplova E. О.
Published: February 2019

This article describes the mechanism of action of topical decongestants from the perspective of their efficient and safe use in paediatric otorhinolaryngology. It also presents the structure of the most common nosologies in the outpatient unit of otorhinolaryngological practice.
How to overcome hypogalactia? Prevention and successful management of hypogalactia
Authors: Editorial Article
Published: February 2019

In October 2018, a symposium for neonatologists and pediatricians «Child of the first year. Problems and Solutions» was held in the framework of the 17th Russian Congress «Innovative Technologies in Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery». The problem of breastfeeding of newborns and its importance for the proper and harmonious development of the child was raised along with such relevant topics as the dynamics of the psychomotor development of prematurely born children, practical significance of findings of neurosonography, comprehensive assistance to children with disabilities. Report on the topic «How to overcome hypogalactia? Clinical case study, prevention and successful management of hypogalactia» was presented by Zhdanova Svetlana Igorevna, Cand. of Sci. (Med.), a neonatologist, the Republican Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Tatarstan, Assistant of Chair of Hospital Pediatrics with a Course of Outpatient Pediatrics in Kazan State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia.
Microbiotic disorders as a global interdisciplinary problem
Authors: Editorial Article
Published: February 2019

One of the topical problems of modern medicine is the impact of microbiota on human health. The correlation between microbiome disorders and the development of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, skin, respiratory system, obesity, autism and even depression has been established. Specialists pay most attention to the formation and maintenance of microbiota balance in children from birth, which is necessary for the preservation of their health in the future. Microbiota is studied by scientists from all over the world, which makes it possible to establish safe and effective strains of probiotic bacteria and on their basis to create a new generation of multiprobiotics. Creation of modern probiotics, their rational use and efficiency were discussed at the international symposium «Microbiotic disorders as an interdisciplinary problem of global level», held in the framework of the XVII Russian Congress «Innovative technologies in pediatrics and pediatric surgery» in October 2018. Dr. Ashton Harper (UK) and Professor Irina Zakharova shared their experience of effective dysbiosis correction with the help of modern English multiprobiotic Bak-Set.
Irrigation and elimination therapy in the treatment of rhinological pathology in children
Authors: Tulupov D. A. , Karpova E. P. , Grabovskaya V. A.
Published: February 2019

The article presents a review of materials on the role of nasal cavity irrigation and elimination therapy (IET) in rhinological pathology in children. On the basis of separate clinical studies the clinical experience of using modern ready-made drugs for IET in paediatric practice was studied. The conclusions about the high level of effectiveness and safety of this method of treatment of inflammatory rhinological pathology in children were made.
Üretim Planlaması Yapılarak Su Bazlı Boyaların Üretimi Esnasında Oluşan Su Kirliliğinin ve Boya Kaybının Önlenmesi
Authors: Erkmen Jülide , Kavcı Erbil , Adıgüzel Mahmut
Published: February 2019

Son zamanlarda endüstriyel üretimdeki artışla beraber çevre ve su kirliliğinde meydana gelen artışlar da önemli boyutlara ulaşmıştır. Bu çalışmada, uygun üretim planı yapılarak su bazlı boyaların üretimi sırasında su kullanımının ve boya kaybının mümkün olduğunca azaltılması amaçlanmıştır. Bu kapsamda uygun bir planlama ile farklı renklerde 30 kazan boya üretimi neticesinde olası gereken boya kaybı 2388 kg’dan 79.6 kg’a düşmüştür. Hem su hem de boya kaybı açısından ortalama %96,7’lik bir kazanç elde edilmiştir. Bunun yanı sıra pigment kullanımında da azalmalar olduğu görülmüştür. Boya kaybı engellenerek 30 kazan su bazlı inşaat boyasında ortalama 2865.6 $’lık bir kazancın olacağı ön görülmüştür. Bu çalışmada önerilen planlama ile su kaynaklarının korunması, çevre kirliliğinin ve ekonomik kayıpların önlenmesi için oldukça önemli veriler elde edilmiştir.
Anadolu Karaçamı Meşçerelerinde Verimlilik İçin Gösterge Bitki Analizleri: Manisa-Demirci Yöresi Örneği
Authors: ÇINAR Tunahan , GÜLSOY Serkan
Published: February 2019

Bu çalışmada Anadolu karaçamı (Pinus nigra Arn. subsp. pallasiana (Lamb.) Holmboe) meşçerelerinde yetişme ortamı verimliliğinin göstergesi olabilecek bitki türlerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Anadolu karaçamı Türkiye için ekolojik ve ekonomik olarak önem arz eden bir orman ağacı türüdür. Bu aşamada ise Anadolu karaçamı ile ilgili verimliliğin göstergesi olabilecek ve verimli alanların tespiti için pratik bilgilere ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Mevcut yetişme ortamı koşullarında aynı ortamı paylaşan bitki türlerinin çeşitli konularda birbirleri için gösterge olabilecekleri öngörülmektedir. Bu bağlamda türün önemli yayılış alanlarından birisi olan Manisa ili Demirci yöresinde Anadolu karaçamı meşçerelerinin verimliliğine gösterge olabilecek bitki türlerini tespit etmek amacıyla 40 örnek alanda çalışma yapılmıştır. Bu örnek alanların her birinde bonitet (yaş-boy) tablosu kullanılarak üst boy değerleri 100 yaşa endekslenmiş olup, bonitet sınıfları (I-IV arası) elde edilmiştir. İstatistiksel değerlendirme safhasında; “Nitelikler arası ilişki analizi ve gösterge tür analiz” yöntemleri ile bitki türleri ve bonitet sınıfları ilişkilendirilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, sırasıyla Urtica dioica L., Rosa canina L., ve Rubus canescens DC. türlerinin yöredeki Anadolu karaçamı yayılış alanlarında verimliliğin iyi birer göstergesi olabileceği kanaatine varılmıştır.
Synthesis and Characterization of the Novel Thiophene Derivatives
Authors: ÇETİN Adnan , KURT Havva , BOZARI Sedat
Published: February 2019

The use of thiophene derivatives that have a stable structure in agriculture, food and pharmaceutical industries has revealed the necessity of synthesizing different derivatives. For this purpose, in the current study, some substituted thiophene derivatives have been designed and synthesized. The characterization of the synthesized compounds was determined by spectroscopic methods. The possible antimicrobial activities of these compounds (3-9, 10a-e, 11-13) were measured by disc diffusion method against gram positive (Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633, Staphylococcus aureus 6538) and gram negative (Enterobacter aerogenes ATCC 13048, Escherichia coli) bacteria. The synthesized substituted thiophene compounds do not showed any antibacterial activities against test bacteria.
Kızartılmış Hamurların Farklı Kızartma Koşullarında Renk Değerlerindeki Değişimin Belirlenmesi
Authors: KESKİN Şule , TURAN Semra , SOLAK Rukiye
Published: February 2019

Bu
çalışmada, farklı
kızartma koşullarının kızartılmış hamurların renk
değerleri üzerindeki etkileri araştırılmıştır. Bu amaçla hazırlanan mayalı
hamurlar açılmış ve küçük parçalara ayrılıp rafine ayçiçek yağında mutfak
fritözü kullanılarak kızartılmıştır. Farklı kızartma koşullarında bir günde
elli kez tekrarlanan kızartma işlemi yapılmıştır. Kızartma yağı sıcaklıkları
160, 180 ve 200 °C; hamur tuz içerikleri % 0, 1 ve 2; ve kızartma süreleri 1, 3
ve 5 dakika olarak uygulanmıştır. Yanıt yüzey tekniği kullanılarak merkezi
karma tasarım yöntemine göre yirmi
kızartma işlemi yapılmıştır. 50. kızartmada fritözden alınan kızartılmış
hamurların renk değerleri (L*, a* ve b*) belirlenmiştir. Kızarmış hamurların
L*, a* ve b* değerleri sırasıyla 46.84-74.73, -1.47-14.14 ve 21.18‑34.52
aralığında bulunmuştur. Kızartılmış hamurların renk değerlerinde meydana gelen
değişikliklerin kuadratik modele uygun olduğu belirlenmiştir. L*, a* ve b* renk
değerleri için modellerin belirleme katsayıları sırasıyla 0.9232, 0.9036 ve
0.9065 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre kızartma sıcaklığının
kızartılmış hamurların L*, a* ve b* renk değerleri üzerine etkisi önemli
bulunmuştur (p <0.05). Diğer taraftan, kızartma süresinin b* değeri ve hamur
tuz içeriğinin L* değeri üzerine etkisi önemsiz olmuştur
(p> 0.05). İkili etkileşimler dikkate alındığında, kızartma sıcaklığı ve
hamur tuz içeriği arasındaki etkileşim a* ve b* renk değerleri için önemli
bulunmuştur (p <0.05). Ayrıca, kızartma sıcaklığı ile kızartma süresi
arasındaki etkileşim de a* ve L* renk değerleri üzerine etkili olmuştur
(p <0.05). Sonuç olarak, kızartma koşulları kızartılmış hamurların renk
değerlerini etkilemiştir.
Amid Sübstitüye Tiyenil Pirol/Karbon Nanomateryal Kompozit Yapısının Elektrokimyasal Davranışlarının İncelenmesi
Authors: Söyleyici Hakan Can
Published: February 2019

Son yıllarda, iletken polimerler, esnek yapılı, oda sıcaklığında işlenebilir ve elektrokromik özellikleri sebebiyle iletken organik malzemeler olarak dikkat çekmektedir. Fakat, yüksek kontrastlı elektrokromik iletken polimerler literatürde sınırlıdır. Amid sübstitiye ditiyenil pirol (SNS) türevleri mevcut literatürdeki iletken polimerlere göre bu bakımdan oldukça avantajlıdır. Bu yapılar içerisinde sentezlemiş olduğumuz N-(2,5-di(tiyofen-2-yil)-1H-pirol-1-yil)benzamid (PBA) molekülü yüksek kontrast ve dayanıklılığı ile dikkat çekmektedir. Yapılan bu çalışmada, çalışma elektrotu olarak kullanılan İndiyum-Kalay Oksit kaplı cam elektrot (ITO) yüzeyi indirgenmiş grafen oksit (rGO) ile modifiye edilerek kullanılmıştır. Yapılan modifikasyon ile rGO kaplanarak iletkenliği arttırılan elektrot yüzeyinde oluşturulan pPBA filmine ait spektroelektrokimyasal özellikler incelenmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular, rGO kaplı yüzeyde oluşturulan iletken polimer filmine ait kararlılığın, optik kontrastın ve yük yoğunluğunun istenildiği gibi önemli oranda arttırıldığını göstermektedir.
Türkiye Çanakkale’den Hünnap Meyvesinin (Zizyphus Jujuba.) Sulu Ekstresinin Toplam Fenolik Miktarı ve Antioksidan Aktivitesi
Authors: YAŞA Hasniye
Published: February 2019

Bu çalışmada; Çanakkale’de yetişen Ziziphus Jujuba adlı meyvenin sulu ekstresinin antioksidan aktivitesi ve toplam fenolik, flavonoid ve antosiyanin madde miktarları tayin edildi. Antioksidan kapasite tayini için; DPPH radikalini süpürme aktivitesi, nitrik oksit giderici etkisi, Fe2+ kelatlama aktivitesi ve indirgeyici gücü belirlendi. Ekstredeki toplam fenolik ve flavonoid madde miktarları sırasıyla, 1 mg hünnap meyvesinin sulu ekstresinde 15.21 ± 1.05 μg pirokateşole eşdeğer ve 2.05 ± 0.45 μg kateşine eşdeğer olarak bulundu. Özellikle fenolik ve flavonoid madde açısından oldukça zengin olan bu meyvenin tarımının desteklenmesi ve halk arasında kullanımının arttırılması önemlidir. Çanakkale’de yetişen Ziziphus Jujuba, standartlar ve yapılmış bazı çalışmalarla karşılaştırıldığında doğal bir antioksidan madde kaynağıdır.
Farklı Alt Tabanlar Üzerinde Büyütülen Galyum Selenit (GaSe) İnce Filmlerinin Yapısal, Morfolojik ve Optik Özelliklerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: ERTAP Hüseyin , ALKAN Yunus , KARABULUT Mevlüt
Published: February 2019

Modifiye Kimyasal Banyo Depolama (M-CBD) yöntemi ile cam ve Galyum Selenit (GaSe) tek kristal alt tabanlar üzerinde büyütülen GaSe ince filmlerinin yapısal, morfolojik ve optik özellikleri XRD, AFM ve UV-Vis teknikleri ile araştırıldı. XRD ölçümleri cam ve GaSe tek kristal alt tabanlar üzerinde büyütülen GaSe ince filmlerinin sırasıyla rombohedral ve hekzagonal yapıda olduğunu gösterdi. AFM görüntülerinden cam ve GaSe tek kristal alt tabanlar üzerinde büyütülen GaSe ince filmlerinin ortalama parçacık boyutlarının sırasıyla 33.2 nm ve 35.3 nm olduğu hesaplandı. Ayrıca, cam ve GaSe tek kristal alt tabanlar üzerinde büyütülerek tavlanan GaSe ince filmlerinin ortalama parçacık boyutları tavlamayla artarken yasak enerji aralıkları ise tavlama ile azalmaktadır. Cam alt tabanlar üzerinde büyütülen GaSe ince filmlerinin Urbach enerjilerinin GaSe tek kristal alt tabanlar üzerinde büyütülen GaSe ince filmlerinin Urbach enerjilerinden daha büyük olduğu bulundu.
A Study of the Effect of DC Conditions on a 5.8 GHz Power Amplifier’s S-Parameters
Authors: ŞENEL Bilge , KAHRİMAN Mesud
Published: February 2019

This study investigates changes of S-parameters (S21, S11, S22, S12) of a SBB5089Z power amplifier module in relation to changing DC conditions. Behaviour of those linear performance parameters (S21, S11, S22, S12) was examined graphically. S-parameters of SBB5089Z were analysed covering the 5.8 GHz WiMAX frequency from 5.7 GHz to 5.9 GHz with 200 MHz bandwidth. DC conditions were controlled using a microcontroller, an R/2R Digital Analogue Converter (DAC) ladder circuit and a voltage follower with LM324. The R/2R ladder circuit and voltage follower with LM324 have been integrated with the microcontroller. Also ACS712 current sensor and ADS1115 16-bit Analog Digital Convertor (ADC) are integrated to the microcontroller. PA’s current was read with microcontroller.
Investigation of Short Column Behaviors at 1/5 Scaled Reinforced Concrete Frames Using Different Strengthening Methods
Authors: Balık Fatih Süleyman , Bahadır Fatih
Published: February 2019

The
purpose of in this experimental study is to investigate the effects of short
column behavior due to window opening at two strengthening methods. At this
study, seven reinforced concrete frames as two stories, 1/5 scaled and one bay
were produced. The specimens contained several deficiencies that were commonly
observed in residential buildings in Turkey. These specimens were tested under
lateral loading and constant vertical loading. First specimen was produced as
the reference bare frame. Second and third specimens were produced with infill
autoclaved aerated concrete blocks wall. Fourth and fifth specimens were
strengthened with infill RC shear wall. Sixth and seventh specimens were
strengthened with external RC shear wall and RC column jackets. The walls of
all specimens were manufactured with two different windows opening to
investigate the effects of short column behavior. The test results showed that
these applied strengthening methods have significantly increased the lateral
load carrying and energy dissipation capacities, initial stiffness of the RC
frame. Thanks to RC column jackets, at specimens with the external RC shear
wall was prevented to the short column behavior.
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis için Genelleştirilmiş Kesirsel Mertebeden Matematiksel Modelin Kararlılık Analizi Üzerine
Authors: DAŞBAŞI Bahatdin
Published: February 2019

Bu çalışmada kesirsel mertebeden diferansiyel denklem sistemi temel alınarak bakteriyel bir enfeksiyon durumunda çoklu antibiyotik konsantrasyonu, bu antibiyotiklere hassas ve dirençli bakteri popülasyonları ve konakçının bağışıklık sistemi hücrelerinin aralarındaki dinamikleri inceleyen bir matematiksel model önerildi. Modelin çözümünün varlığı ve tekliği gösterildi. Ayrıca modelde kullanılan parametrelerin özel durumlarına göre, enfeksiyondan bağımsız denge noktasının varlığı ve bu denge noktasının kararlılığı bulundu. Bunlara ek olarak Mycobacterium Tuberculosis (Mtb) için literatürden elde edilen parametre değerleri kullanılarak önerilen tedavi yöntemiyle bire bir uyumlu Nümerik simülasyonlarla önerilen model desteklendi.
Polarizasyon Mod Bağımsız Üçlü Bant Mikrodalga Sinyal Emici
Authors: TÜTÜNCÜ Bilal
Published: February 2019

Bu
çalışmada yeni bir üçlü bant mikrodalga sinyal emici yapı tasarlanmıştır.
Önerilen bu yapı iç içe üç halka rezonatörden oluşmaktadır. En dıştaki halkada
yapının polarizasyon bağımsızlığını sağlaması ve geniş açı emilim yapması için
x-y düzleminde birbirine 45°’lik açı ile yerleştirilen dönel simetrik sekiz
iletken kol vardır. İç tarafta ise biri diğerinin iki katı boyutta iki ayrı
halka rezonatör yerleştirilmiştir. İlk olarak sadece en dıştaki sekiz kol halka
rezonatör yapının emilim grafiği çizdirilmiş ve 4.8 GHz’de 0.87 oranında tek
bir emilim tepe değeri olduğu görülmüştür. Daha sonra yapının içine iki ayrı
halka rezonatör eklenince emilim frekansı az bir farkla 4.7 GHz’e kayarken,
emilim tepe değeri yaklaşık %10 artarak 0.96 değerine yükselmiştir. Ayrıca 2.4
GHz ve 12.6 GHz frekanslarında sırasıyla 0.92 ve 0.94 oranında iki ayrı emilim
tepe değerleri daha görülmüştür. Sonuç olarak her üç emilim tepe değerinin
yapıdaki üç farklı halka rezonatörden kaynaklandığı ve simetrik sekiz adet kol
yapısı gereği polarizasyon mod bağımsız olduğu ve gelen dalga açısına 50°’ye
kadar kararlı davrandığı simülasyon sonuçlarıyla gösterilmiştir.
Projective Vector Fields on the Cotangent Bundle with Modified Riemannian Extension
Authors: BİLEN Lokman
Published: February 2019

Let  be the cotangent bundle of an dimensional Riemannian manifold . The purpose of the present paper is give a characterization of
fibre-preserving projective vector fields with respect to modified Riemannian
extension.
İş Sürekliliği Yönetiminde Kritik Başarı Faktörlerinin AHP Yöntemi ile Önceliklendirilmesi
Authors: NAR Melek , YÜREGİR Oya Hacire
Published: February 2019

İş sürekliliği planlaması, işletmelerin herhangi bir felaket veya iş kesintisi anında sahip olduğu varlıkları korumasını amaçlayan ve kabul edilebilir bir seviyede hizmet vermeye devam etmesini sağlayan süreçlerin yönetimidir. Kritik başarı faktörleri (KBF) ise, işletme süreçlerinin başarılı olması için olmazsa olmaz faktörler olarak tanımlanabilmektedir. Bu çalışmada, ilk olarak iş sürekliliği yönetimindeki KBF’lerin önceliklerini ortaya koyacak şekilde bir anket hazırlanmıştır. Daha sonra, AHP (Analitik Hiyerarşi Prosesi) modeli için ana ve alt kriterlerden oluşan hiyerarşik yapı geliştirilmiştir. İlgili ankette; planlama, tedbir, sorumluluk olmak üzere üç adet ana kriter ele alınırken, on üç adet alt kriter incelenmiştir. Karar alternatifleri olarak altı adet KBF belirlenmiştir: üst yönetim desteği, iş etki ve risk analizi, teknolojik altyapı, eğitim ve bilgilendirme, metodoloji, sürdürülebilirlik proje yönetimi.AHP tekniği ile, hem nitel hem de nicel verileri kullanarak, iş sürekliliği yönetiminde KBF’lerin önceliklendirilmesine imkan sağlayan geliştirilen bu model ile birinci öncelikli kritik başarı faktörünün metodoloji ve proje yönetimi faktörü olduğu görülmüştür.   
Acceptability, effectiveness, and fouling of PointOne membrane filters distributed in South Sudan
Authors: Holding Shannon , Sadeghi Ilin , White Trevor , Murray Anna , Ray James , Asatekin Ayse , Lantagne Daniele
Published: February 2019

The Sawyer PointOne™ household hollow fiber membrane filter (PointOne) efficaciously removes microbiological indicators in the laboratory, and is increasingly considered for emergency response. To our knowledge, PointOne effectiveness in emergencies had not been evaluated. In South Sudan, 773 PointOnes were distributed. For 13 months after distribution, household surveys were completed quarterly, water quality testing was conducted monthly, and post-mortem analysis was completed at study midline to assess acceptability, effectiveness, and membrane fouling, respectively. Recipients found PointOnes acceptable, with high rates of demonstrated correct use (97–100%) and correct backflushing (96–100%). PointOnes effectively reduced thermotolerant coliforms for four months. When surface water use increased, effectiveness dropped, with 38% of filtrate samples contaminated. After backflushing filters with 0.2% chlorine solution, effectiveness improved; however, 5–38% of PointOne filtrate samples remained contaminated over subsequent months. Irreversible fouling was documented during post-mortem analysis. These results highlight that while PointOnes can improve household water quality within an emergency, PointOnes can foul within 4–6 months of use, depending on influent water quality. It is recommended that future PointOne distributions include continuous monitoring and an appropriate cleaning regime, based on influent water quality, to ensure continued performance. Further research on source water quality impacts on PointOne performance is recommended.
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Foods: A Critical Review
Authors: Adeyeye Samuel A.O.
Published: February 2019

Objective:

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are well researched chemicals in
foods that have been found to exhibit mutagenic and carcinogenic potentials. This study examined
available literature on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in foods, sources, effects and remediation.

Methods:

Available literature on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in foods, sources, effects and
remediation was critically reviewed.

Results:

The review showed that carcinogenicity of PAHs varies from the potent to moderately
carcinogenic PAHs which include 3-methylcholanthrene, Benzo[a]pyrene, dibenz[a,h]anthracene,
5-methylchrysene, and dibenz[a,j]anthracene, whereas benzo[e]pyrene, dibenz[a,c]anthracene,
chrysene, benzo[c]phenanthrene and fluoranthene are relatively weak or inactive carcinogens. Cooking
processes have been found to be a major source of PAHs in foods. Although, PAHs can also be
formed during curing and processing of raw food prior to cooking, several researchers in recent years
have shown that the major dietary sources of PAHs are fish and meat especially where there is high
consumption of meat cooked over an open flame. Several procedures and methods have been developed
recently to assess and detect PAHs in foods and more recently, bio-monitoring procedures have
also been developed to assess human exposure to PAHs. Numerous organizations such as the United
States Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA), the International Agency for Research on
Cancer (IACR), the Scientific Committee on Food (SCF), the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on
Food Additives (JECFA), the International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), and the
European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) have been involved in evaluating the occurrence and
toxicity of PAHs.

Conclusion:

Conclusively, taking into consideration the sources of PAHs generation, adequate process
and quality control of the processed foods could be a veritable mean to reduce PAHs ingestion
in foods.
Emitter Individual Identification Based on Nonlinearity Analysis of Oscillators
Authors: Bao Han , Yao Hongyan
Published: February 2019

Background:

According to the characteristics of phase noise, phase noise power spectrum
feature was used for emitter individual identification.

Methods:

For different emitter individuals, we established a phase noise model with the influence
of both transmitter and receiver based on the research of its characteristics. Using power spectrum
of phase noise, the corresponding scattered information entropy was proposed. The same type of
communication equipments can be identified by Minimum Error Minimax Probability Machine
(MEMPM) classifier through extracting this feature at a different frequency offset.

Results:

Simulation results show that the new features can be effectively used to classify emitter
individuals with stable classification performance.

Conclusion:

According to the simulation, when the SNR was higher than 10dB, the accuracy rate
was higher than 90%. It proved that the method is useful and effective. In addition, the recognition
performance of the proposed method is very stable, showing the stability of the device phase noise.
Therefore, it can be used in practice.
Effect of Sample Processing Delays on the Values of Serum Based Biomarkers of Brain Injury Collected from the Umbilical Cord Blood of Neonates
Authors: Weiss Michael D. , Bliznyuk Nikolay A. , Rossignol Candace C. , Sura Livia , Huene Melissa , Copenhaver Nicole , Glushakova Olena , Hayes Ronald L.
Published: February 2019

Background:

When a neonate is born with suspected brain injury, blood samples are often obtained from the umbilical cord blood but are not always processed immediately.

Objective:

Test the accuracy of brain injury biomarker assays on samples that experienced delayed processing.

Methods:

Healthy neonates who did not have risk factors for brain injury provided cord blood samples. Group 1 blood samples were centrifuged immediately, and the serum was removed and frozen at baseline, 4, and 8 hours. Group 2 had a baseline sample processed immediately and then blood samples remained in contact with the clotted portion until 4, and 8 hours and then were centrifuged. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays determined the concentrations of Ubiquitin C-Terminal Hydrolase L1 (UCH-L1) and Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP).

Results:

Group 1’s average concentrations of GFAP were 62±47 pg/ml at 0 hours (n=32) with a mean increase of 3±14% and a decrease of 0.2±9% at 4 and 8 hours, respectively. UCH-L1 average concentrations were 3306±3093 pg/ml at 0 hours (n=37) with a mean increase of 3±10% at 4 hours and a mean decrease of 0.6±11% at 8 hours. Group 2’s average GFAP concentrations were 104±111 pg/ml at 0 hours (n=9) with a mean decrease of 5±9% and 7±7% at 4 and 8 hours, respectively. UCH-L1 average concentrations were 3448±2456 pg/ml at 0 hour (n=8) with a mean increase of 9±6% and 6±18% at 4 and 8 hours, respectively.

Conclusion:

Delays in processing up to 8 hours did not significantly affect the concentration of UCH-L1 or GFAP.
The Effect of Carrier Matrix and the Method of Preparing Solid Dispersion on Physical State and Solubility of Ibuprofen
Authors: Alam Mohd Aftab , Ali Raishuddin , Al-Jenoobi Fahad Ibrahim , Al-Mohizea Abdullah M.
Published: February 2019

Background:

The poor solubility of a drug substance is one of the factors which are responsible
for poor dissolution and bioavailabity.

Objective:

To enhance the solubility of Ibuprofen using different techniques, and to investigate the effect
of carrier matrixes and methods of preparing solid dispersion on physical state and solubility of
Ibuprofen.

Methods:

Fusion method, solvent evaporation and effervescence assisted fusion methods were used to
prepare solid dispersions of ibuprofen (IBU). Mannitol, polyethylene-glycol-6000, urea, microcrystalline
cellulose, calcium carbonate, sugar spheres, sodium chloride, magnesium oxide, titanium dioxide,
citric acid, hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin and β-cyclodextrin were used as carrier matrix. Solid dispersions
were characterized using scanning electron microscopy and Differential Scanning Calorimetry
(DSC). The solubility of IBU powder and its solid dispersions were investigated in water, acidic buffer
(pH-1.2) and in phosphate buffer (pH-6.8).

Results:

In some of the solid dispersions, IBU lost its crystalline structure and converted into amorphous
powder. Scanning electron micrographs and DSC thermograms revealed the absence of IBU
crystalline particles in few of the solid dispersion matrixes. Solid dispersion comprising amorphous
IBU showed remarkable enhancement in its solubility. The IBU-magnesium oxide solid dispersion
showed the highest solubility enhancement, followed by IBU-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin, IBUpolyethylene
glycol-6000, IBU-urea and IBU-β-cyclodextrin. The magnesium oxide, hydroxypropyl-β-
cyclodextrin and β-cyclodextrin enhanced solubility even at acidic pH. Effervescence assisted fusion
technique showed better solubility results than the other two techniques.

Conclusions:

On the basis of present observations, it can be suggested that the type of carrier matrix,
the method of preparation and the pH of the dispersion plays an important role in the solubility of IBU.
Simulation and Performance Analysis of Tilted Time Window and Support Vector Machine Based Learning Object Ranking Method
Authors: Thakur Narina , Mehrotra Deepti , Bansal Abhay , Bala Manju
Published: February 2019

Objective:

Since the adequacy of Learning Objects (LO) is a dynamic concept and
changes in its use, needs and evolution, it is important to consider the importance of LO in terms of
time to assess its relevance as the main objective of the proposed research. Another goal is to increase
the classification accuracy and precision.

Methods:

With existing IR and ranking algorithms, MAP optimization either does not lead to a
comprehensively optimal solution or is expensive and time - consuming. Nevertheless, Support
Vector Machine learning competently leads to a globally optimal solution. SVM is a powerful classifier
method with its high classification accuracy and the Tilted time window based model is computationally
efficient.

Results:

This paper proposes and implements the LO ranking and retrieval algorithm based on the
Tilted Time window and the Support Vector Machine, which uses the merit of both methods. The
proposed model is implemented for the NCBI dataset and MAT Lab.

Conclusion:

The experiments have been carried out on the NCBI dataset, and LO weights are assigned
to be relevant and non - relevant for a given user query according to the Tilted Time series
and the Cosine similarity score. Results showed that the model proposed has much better accuracy.
Performance Modeling and Analysis of WDM Optical Networks under Wavelength Continuity Constraint using MILP
Authors: Bhalaik Swati , Sharma Ashutosh , Kumar Rajiv , Sharma Neeru
Published: February 2019

Objective:

Optical networks exploit the Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) to meet
the ever-growing bandwidth demands of upcoming communication applications. This is achieved by dividing
the enormous transmission bandwidth of fiber into smaller communication channels. The major
problem with WDM network design is to find an optimal path between two end users and allocate an
available wavelength to the chosen path for the successful data transmission.

Methods:

This communication over a WDM network is carried out through lightpaths. The merging of all
these lightpaths in an optical network generates a virtual topology which is suitable for the optimal network
design to meet the increasing traffic demands. But, this virtual topology design is an NP-hard problem.
This paper aims to explore Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) framework to solve this design
issue.

Results:

The comparative results of the proposed and existing mathematical models show that the
proposed algorithm outperforms with the various performance parameters.

Conclusion:

Finally, it is concluded that network congestion is reduced marginally in the overall performance
of the network.
Evaluating Inhaler Use Technique among Asthma and COPD Patients at a Primary Health Care Unit: A Pilot Study in Selangor Malaysia
Authors: Zazuli Zulfan , Ramasamy Kogilavani , Adnyana I Ketut
Published: February 2019

Inhaler is the most preferable device to deliver medication in order to treat asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). Incorrect usage of inhaler influences the clinical effectiveness of the delivered drug. A pilot study was conducted to determine the appropriateness of inhaler handling technique among asthma and COPD patients. As many as 92 subjects whom diagnosed with asthma and COPD, aged between 18 to 64 years old were observed in this cross-sectional study. Consenting subjects on inhaler, who attended medical out patients clinic at a primary health care unit in Selangor, Malaysia were asked to demonstrate on how they use the inhaler while an inhaler administration checklist were used to assess each patients inhaler technique. Data was analysed using descriptive statistical methods. Of total 92 patients, a total of 155 devices were used. Only 4 out of 92 patients correctly handles the device (4.3%). In average, a patient made approximately >4 mistakes during pMDI inhalation and >2 mistakes during DPI inhalation. The most common mistake found among pMDI, Turbuhaler and Accuhaler users were unable to hold the breath for approximately 5 seconds in which comprise of ≥80% patients. In conclusion, majority of asthma and COPD patients use their inhaler inaccurately. Patients prescribed by inhalation medications should have routine assessment of their inhaler technique at every visit and corrected if found to be poor.
Description of Professional Fee for Pharmacist in Sleman
Authors: Aditama Hardika , Saputri A. , Fadhilah D. , Mayningrum K. , Sawitri A. , Pratiwi W.A. , Pristhifani I.N.
Published: February 2019

Pharmacist is a profession whose existence is needed by community. However, within the community of pharmacy itself, the presence of pharmacist is quite alarming. One of the causes of low pharmacist who desire to practice in the community of pharmacy is the low level of professional fee offered. This study aimed to describe professional fee received by pharmacist and the workload of pharmacist in Sleman. This study was a descriptive non-experimental that was conducted in Sleman in August 2017. Population of this study was a pharmacist who practiced in community of pharmacy in Sleman. Total of 170 respondents from 128 pharmacies were involved in this research. However, 6 questionnaires cannot be analyzed because it is not completely filled. The highest amount of professional fee is between Rp 2.000.000-Rp 3.000.000. Almost all respondents (78%) stated the amount of professional fee that was received was not as expected. The workload of pharmacists is not so heavy and most of the patient are self medication. Pharmacists at the community of pharmacy should be able to show a better work performace, which is shown by increasing pharmacy revenues to get a better rewards.
Comparison of Treatment Outcomes among Second-Line Antiretroviral Regimens in HIV/AIDS Patient
Authors: Puspitasari Winda Dwi , Yasin Nanang Munif , Rahmawati Fita
Published: February 2019

Antiretroviral (ARV) therapy can increase life expectancy of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). If the therapy fails and causes severe toxicity to first-line ARV, the first-line ARV regimen is switched to the second line. Studies on the outcome of the second-line ARV therapy have not been widely conducted in Indonesia. This study aims to identify the comparison of outcomes of the second-line ARV therapy regimens in HIV/AIDS patients. The study employed retrospective cohort design. Medical record data were collected from patients treated from January 2008 until December 2017 at Dr. Kariadi Hospital of Semarang. The number of samples that met the inclusion criteria was 42 patients. The comparison between incidence of opportunistic infections and survival among the regimens was presented descriptively. The comparison of regimens based on changes in CD4 level was performed by using Kruskal-Wallis test. The switch occurred in 24 patients (57.14%) due to toxicity of the first-line ARV and in 18 patients (42.86%) due to treatment failure. Mean CD4 and viral load during the switches were 164.68 ± 204.98 cells/mm3, 154,726.14 ± 296,797.12 copies/ml respectively. After 6 months of the second-line ARV therapy, there was an increase in CD4 level (p 0.05) among the three regimens after 6 months of the second-line ARV therapy.
Implementation of Unit Dose Dispensing using Management Information System in Pharmacy Installation of Panti Rapih Hospital
Authors: Larasati Niken , Wulandadari Christina Asri
Published: February 2019

Unit Dose Dispensing (UDD) is a drug distribution system in hospitals, where drugs are packaged in the form of a single dose and submitted to patients for one use during treatment. One of the hospitals that has applied UDD with information system utilization is Panti Rapih Hospital. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the application of UDD using Management Information System (SIM RS) with the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) method. This research used descriptive quantitative analytic to present facts systematically. This method is also used to understand and conclude the facts more easily. Hypothesis testing was conducted to see the relationship and influence between variables. This test was conducted using Partial Least Square (PLS) analysis. The hypothesis testing applied was two-way probability with a significant level (α) of 5%. When the p-value of less than 0,05, the data is significant. In addition, the relationship between variables is seen from the original sample value. The result shows the relationship of perceived ease of use to perceived usefulness, the relationship of perceived usefulness to attitude toward using, and the relationship of perceived usefulness to behavioral intention to use has a negative and insignificant effect. On the other hand, the relationship of perceived ease of use to the attitude toward using, the relationship of attitude toward using to the behavioral intention to use, and the relationship of behavioral intention to use towards actual system usage conditions have a positive and significant effect on implementation of UDD using the SIM RS in Pharmacy Installation Panti Rapih Hospital.