bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Rhizosphere bacterial and fungal communities of healthy and wilted pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) in an organic farming system
Authors: González-Escobedo Román , Muñoz-Castellanos Laila Nayzzel , Muñoz-Ramirez Zilia Yanira , Guigón-López César , Avila-Quezada Graciela Dolores
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT: Rhizosphere microorganisms play an important role in the growth and health of plants. Around the world, diverse soil-borne pathogens attack Capsicum annuum causing significant damage and economic losses. This study determined whether the diversity and composition of microbial communities in the rhizosphere soil of C. annuum plants is significantly changed by wilt disease. We used the 16S rRNA gene for bacteria and the internal transcribed spacer region for fungi to characterize the rhizosphere microbiomes of healthy and wilted plants. The most abundant bacterial phyla were Proteobacteria and Gemmatimonadetes, while the most abundant fungal phyla were Ascomycota and Mucoromycota. The bacterial α-diversity did not show significant differences in richness and diversity, but did show a significant difference in evenness and dominance of species. Rare taxa were present in both healthy and wilted conditions with relative abundances < 1%. In the fungi, all evaluated estimators showed a significant reduction in the wilted condition. The β-diversity showed significant differences in the structure of bacterial and fungal communities, which were segregated according to plant health conditions. The same occurred when comparing the alpha and beta diversity of this study based on organic agriculture with that of other studies based on conventional agriculture. We observed a significant difference with estimators analyzed by segregating rhizosphere communities depending on the farming method used. Finally, the differential abundance analysis did not show significant results in the bacterial communities; however, in the fungal communities, Fusarium, Thanatephorus, Rhizopus, Curvularia, Cladosporium, and Alternaria were more abundant in the rhizosphere of wilted than healthy plants. Species from these genera have been previously reported as phytopathogens of several plants, including C. annuum.
Batistas na Era Vargas: da Revolução de 30 ao proscênio do Estado Novo
Authors: Seawright Leandro
Published: November 2022

Resumo O presente artigo analisa, a partir da história das religiões, as ideias e posturas de religiosos da Convenção Batista Brasileira entre a Revolução de 30 e o proscênio do Estado Novo. Propõe-se a compreender oscilações do pensamento liberal sustentado pela denominação batista no período entre 1930 e 1937. Aborda posturas de inflexão em face dos inimigos ideológicos dos batistas, sobretudo do comunismo e do integralismo. Apresenta narrativas de anticatolicismo, da defesa da laicidade durante a promulgação da Constituição de 1934 e o clima preparatório de apoio ao golpe do Estado Novo em 1937. No centro do corpus documental deste artigo está O Jornal Batista como órgão oficial da Convenção Batista Brasileira.
Uso de dispositivos auxiliares da audição e fluência na Libras e na língua oral de estudantes surdos
Authors: Clark Erika Fernanda , Labanca Ludimila , Miranda Izabel Cristina Campolina , Gonçalves Denise Utsch
Published: November 2022

RESUMO Objetivo: avaliar a relação entre fluência na Libras, fluência na língua oral e o uso de dispositivos auxiliares para audição de estudantes surdos. Métodos: participaram 112 profissionais tradutores, intérpretes ou instrutores de Libras que informaram as características auditivas, fluência na Libras e língua oral dos estudantes acompanhados por eles, matriculados na rede municipal de uma cidade brasileira. A análise da associação entre fluência na Libras, fluência na língua oral, grau da perda auditiva e uso de dispositivo foi realizada por meio do teste qui-quadrado ou teste exato de Fisher, consideraram-se significantes valores de p<0,05. Resultados: as respostas dos profissionais referiram-se a 88% (n=126) do total de estudantes surdos matriculados na rede municipal. A média de idade dos estudantes foi de 13 anos, sendo 72 (57%) meninos, 98 (78%) com perda auditiva severa ou profunda, 57 (45%) usuários de dispositivos eletrônicos auxiliares para audição, 83 (66%) fluentes somente na Libras, 12 (10%) fluentes apenas na língua oral e 18 (14%) fluentes na Libras e língua oral. Estudantes que utilizavam dispositivo auxiliar para audição apresentaram melhor fluência oral (p<0,001). Dos estudantes que apresentavam fluência oral (n=30), 18 (60%) eram fluentes em Libras (p<0,001). Conclusão: a Libras foi a modalidade comunicativa utilizada majoritariamente pelos estudantes surdos, mesmo por aqueles que utilizavam também a língua oral e dispositivos eletrônicos, o que pode indicar mudança de percepção social em relação ao surdo, à sua língua e cultura.
Nasal airflow measures and peak inspiratory flow in mouth-breathing children before and after nasal cleansing and massage maneuvers
Authors: Moura Silvio Ricardo Couto de , Silva Hilton Justino da , Castellanos Merly Fernanda Illera , Fontes Luciana de Barros Correia , Lima Niedje Siqueira de , Bezerra Thiago Freire Pinto , Cunha Daniele Andrade da
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT This study aimed at investigating the effects of nasal cleansing and massage maneuvers on upper airway patency in mouth-breathing children. This is a case report on eight children, aged 7 to 10 years, with a speech-language-hearing diagnosis of mouth breathing and otorhinolaryngological assessment and clinical diagnosis of rhinitis. Nasal airflow and patency were respectively assessed with the Glatzel mirror and Peak Nasal Inspiratory Flow (PNIF). Then, they were submitted to nasal cleansing and massage maneuvers with a saline solution, followed by reassessment with the Glatzel mirror and PNIF to compare results. The medians of total nasal airflow quantification were significant. Data on unilateral nasal cavity measurement indicated a sharp increase in nasal airflow in each nostril, with statistically significant differences between before and after nasal cleansing and massage maneuvers. The medians of the total PNIF were significant after the cleansing. It is concluded that the nasal airflow increased in PNIF after the cleansing maneuver.
Manuel Galvão da Silva’s philosophical journey to Goa (1784)
Authors: PEREIRA MAGNUS ROBERTO DE MELLO , DENIPOTI CLÁUDIO
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT At the end of the 1770s, Portugal began to prepare to participate in the global strategic repositioning process carried out by the European colonial powers in the second half of the 18th century. The study and the exploration of nature according to the paradigm developed by Linnaeus were part of the process. In 1783, the Portuguese crown sent naturalists to explore its colonies in Africa and America. Portuguese India was practically left aside, were it not for the hurried passage of Manuel Galvão da Silva, on his way to Mozambique. The article addresses the presence of this naturalist in the region of Goa.
Museos, medio rural y crisis climática: una discusión a partir de la Mesa de Santiago
Authors: HONORATO CAYO
Published: November 2022

RESUMEN El presente artículo discute cómo las ambivalencias entre el orden del desarrollo y un nuevo orden epistémico, en las propuestas de la Mesa de Santiago durante el año 1972, se manifiestan en la discusión sobre las relaciones entre el museo y el medio rural. En conjunto a las cuestiones históricas a las que el nuevo museo de entonces se abre, fenómenos actuales como la crisis climática y la pandemia de la covid-19 conllevan a la necesidad de ampliar los temas abarcados por la “ruralidad”, incluyendo lo que se refiere a los bosques, a la naturaleza y a los problemas ambientales, además de la sabiduría tradicional de los campesinos, pueblos indígenas, comunidades quilombolas, etc. Para desplegar aquellas ambivalencias, el artículo se divide en cuatro secciones: (1) la primera, analiza cómo se combinan la reforma agraria y la “revolución verde” en las propuestas del comentarista encargado de discutir la relación entre museo y agricultura en la Mesa de Santiago; (2) la segunda, presenta un pequeño conjunto de alternativas a la agricultura tradicional o industrial, complementarias entre sí; (3) la tercera, se ocupa de las diferencias entre la perspectiva del desarrollo y la propuesta de un nuevo orden epistémico, por medio de una discusión sobre los sentidos de tradición y comunidad para el postdesarrollismo; (4) la cuarta, particulariza la anterior en un debate sobre educación, que contrapone la idea de crianza a la de concientización. Por último, se vuelve a las recomendaciones realizadas por la Mesa para discutir su actualidad.
IMPACT OF SELF-EFFICACY AND ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE IN THE DROPOUT OF HIGHER EDUCATION STUDENTS
Authors: Fior Camila Alves , Polydoro Soely Aparecida Jorge , Pelissoni Adriane Martins Soares , Dantas Marilda Aparecida , Martins Maria José , Almeida Leandro da Silva
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT Dropping out of Higher Education has implications for students and universities, and the identification of variables associated with dropout makes it possible to develop actions that reduce its occurrence. This study analyzes the direct and mediated impacts of self-efficacy, income, sex, age, receipt of social assistance grants and entry into a preferred option course in evasion. Data were collected from 346 university students through a Socioeconomic Questionnaire, the Self-Efficacy Scale in Higher Education, in addition to documentary information, and were analyzed using the AMOS software. The results identified that being a woman and manifesting high self-efficacy are associated with better academic performance, which are related to lower risks of dropping out. It was also found that being a woman and attending the preferred option course decreases the chances of dropping out. Such results reinforce the weight of personal, psychological, academic and career variables in dropout and suggest ways for interventions that promote student permanence.
JUDGMENT OF JUSTICE OF QUOTAS IN THE UNIVERSITY AND ITS RELATION WITH THE MORAL DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Vieira Kênia Eliber , Caetano Luciana Maria , Agli Betânia Alves Veiga Dell'
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between the fairness of quota judgment and the level of moral competency of students and professors. This work was conducted with 317 college students and 15 professors from a base course for engineering at a Public University. We use a structured questionnaire to collect data, composed of a dilemma of quotas and eight arguments related to justice and eight to injustice of quotas. We still apply the Moral Competence Test (MCT_xt), which considers affective and cognitive aspects of the judgment and gives rise to score - C. The results indicated the low C index of the participants, conflict of interest in the judgment of the fairness of quota and the racial issue as the main disagreement factor. Among non-quota students, the higher the C index, the more they considered quotas like unfairness and among quota students, the lower the C score, the greater the choice for fairness. For judgments based on equity, as in the case of affirmative actions, higher levels of moral development would be necessary. Education has an essential role in developing students’ moral competence and, consequently, in promoting their participation in social, civic and professional life.
Building an empire in the Age of Revolutions: Independence and immigration in the Brazilian borderlands
Authors: Mugge Miqueias Henrique
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT Throughout Brazil’s Independence process, its central elites and the Crown planned what was to become of their new nation. Arguments over political systems and the continuation of slavery were at the heart of the debate, which drew in rich, poor, and the enslaved alike. As the empires of the Old World were rent at the seams by wars and conflicts, Brazil was rethinking its role in the world. In this article, inspired by the dialogue between micro-history and global history, and by the trans-imperial trajectory of the Bavarian doctor Georg von Schaeffer, I examine the political ideas that informed the consolidation of the Brazilian Empire as a de facto empire. I also situate the ideas and proposals put forth by Schaeffer, a representative of the Brazilian government in Europe, within the crisis of legitimacy sparked by the Napoleonic invasions, the subsequent independence of Portuguese America, and the array of political projects that were able to emerge as a result. Through an analysis of the diplomatic documentation produced by the Brazilian Empire’s main posts in Europe, I reveal a complex web from which the Brazilian government drew information, and the channels that carried news of alliances, clashes, and political repertoires that would go into the making of a tropical empire.
Correspondência privada e redes familiares: um novo olhar para a trajetória de D. Rodrigo de Souza Coutinho
Authors: Pombo Nívia
Published: November 2022

RESUMO Biografar “grandes personagens” tornou-se um desafio historiográfico desde o surgimento da chamada Nova História Política. Os caminhos teórico-metodológicos na atualidade oferecem reflexões a partir da complexa relação entre indivíduo e sociedade, como meio de romper com uma narrativa linear que descuida das hesitações e escolhas feitas por um indivíduo. Este artigo perscruta tal problemática a partir do exame da correspondência particular de D. Rodrigo de Souza Coutinho, escrita entre 1778 e 1796, guardada na Coleção Condes de Linhares do Arquivo Nacional da Torre do Tombo. Questionam-se algumas interpretações sobre este personagem central da administração portuguesa do final do século XVIII: ele foi de fato preparado pelo marquês de Pombal para assumir as funções que o notabilizaram? A imagem de “gênio visionário” corresponde à sua trajetória? Problematizam-se as vicissitudes vividas por D. Rodrigo e seus familiares na disputa pelos principais cargos da monarquia, permitindo a desconstrução mítica do personagem.
Micro-história e história global: decifrando os procedimentos literários e filológicos na contribuição de Carlo Ginzburg para o debate historiográfico
Authors: Carneiro Deivy Ferreira
Published: November 2022

RESUMO O objetivo deste ensaio é discutir as contribuições oferecidas por Carlo Ginzburg a um debate historiográfico internacional que perdura desde o início do século XXI: a micro-história italiana ainda é relevante em um contexto dominado pela história global? Entretanto, é preciso ressaltar que analisaremos tal contribuição de Ginzburg a partir dos procedimentos literários adaptados da História da Arte de Aby Warburg e da Filologia de Erich Auerbach. Para tal examinaremos como o autor de O queijo e os vermes se utiliza do conceito de Logosformeln para analisar a maneira pela qual as ideias e memórias se deslocam pelo tempo e pelo espaço. Observaremos como a leitura filológica das fontes históricas o capacitou a produzir estudos de caso capazes de clarear efeitos globais do comportamento humano.
A IMPORTÂNCIA DO ENSINO SUPERIOR PARA A INOVAÇÃO: O EXEMPLO CHINÊS
Authors: Oliveira Ingrid Torquato , Poiatti Natália Dus
Published: November 2022

RESUMO Nas últimas duas décadas, o Partido Comunista Chinês divulgou em seus planos oficiais a importância do desenvolvimento de inovação nacional para o desenvolvimento socioeconômico do país e, nesse contexto, qual seria a relevância da atuação de instituições de Ensino Superior para o sistema de inovação do país. Este artigo tem como objetivo entender a relação entre Ensino Superior e inovação, fazendo um panorama da literatura e valendo-se de metodologia econométrica. Conclui que não somente o aumento do número de graduados, mas também a melhoria da qualidade do Ensino Superior são importantes para explicar o crescimento de indicadores de inovação nas províncias chinesas.
AÇÃO AFIRMATIVA NA EDUCAÇÃO BÁSICA: SUBSÍDIOS À MEDIDA DE EQUIDADE DO FUNDEB
Authors: Tripodi Zara Figueiredo , Delgado Victor Maia Senna , Januário Eduardo
Published: November 2022

RESUMO Discutem-se os limites das políticas educacionais universalistas, no âmbito do financiamento educacional, para a redução de desigualdades raciais, apresentando subsídios para se pensar a construção de um índice de alocação equitativa de recursos financeiros na perspectiva do VAAR/FUNDEB. Integra-se aos pressupostos selecionados um princípio de diferença e de justiça corretiva, de modo a evidenciar o peso do atributo racial na medida de equidade disposta pela Lei n. 14.113 de 2020. A postura interpretativa assumida pelo trabalho defende que a superação das desigualdades educacionais raciais exige que o Estado avance no pressuposto de igualdade de tratamento no aporte de recursos às escolas.
AS CONTINGÊNCIAS E CONDIÇÕES OBJETIVAS DA “EADIZAÇÃO” DO ENSINO SUPERIOR PRESENCIAL
Authors: Casagrande Ana Lara , Maieski Alessandra , Alonso Katia Morosov
Published: November 2022

RESUMO O presente escrito apresenta um debate sobre o que foi denominado “eadização” do Ensino Superior brasileiro. Por meio de ensaio, tendo por base documentos do Ministério da Educação e produções acadêmicas, observa-se que a denominada flexibilização, sobretudo pela inserção de percentuais de carga horária dedicados à Educação a Distância em cursos de Ensino Superior presenciais, sustenta um processo de reconfiguração da modalidade presencial. Se, na educação a distância, há legislação que condiciona sua oferta, a flexibilização deixa a cargo das instituições de Ensino Superior a organização dos procedimentos para o caso, concorrendo para precarização, desqualificação, mercantilização e financeirização da oferta do Ensino Superior brasileiro, especialmente no setor educacional privado.
How Large is the Output Cost of Disinflation?
Authors: Tetlow Robert J.
Published: November 2022

This paper examines estimates of, and drivers for, the sacrifice ratio in the United States. Three approaches are employed. The first reviews the literature on what sacrifice ratio might be expected. The second studies a generic disinflation experiment using 40 estimated macro models of the U.S. economy, calculating a distribution of sacrifice ratios. Those sacrifice ratios are high by historical standards and the paper discusses some stories for why this is so. The role of expectations formation and the credibility of policy is emphasized. The third approach gets under the hood of drivers of the output cost of disinflation by carrying out a selection of disinflation experiments using the FRB/US model, varying certain characteristics of the model’s expectations formation mechanism. Pinning down a precise measure for the output cost of disinflation is challenging. But the literature and policy experiments do offer some guidance on how the sacrifice ratio can be reduced.
Pattern of post-dispersal fruit removal of Persea hintonii C.K. Allen by vertebrates in mountain cloud and pine-oak forests in western Mexico
Authors: Rojo-Cruz Marcial Alejandro , Iñiguez-Dávalos Luis Ignacio , Esparza-Carlos Juan Pablo , Zuloaga-Aguilar Susana
Published: November 2022

Background: High post-dispersal fruit-seed removal can be a bottleneck for successful propagation to new areas of plant populations with fragmented distribution, as in cloud forest. Therefore, it is important to know how vegetation and fruit-eating behavior will influence the spatial removal pattern. Questions and/or Hypotheses: How do vegetation structure and density influence fruit removal of Persea hintonii in potential propagation areas? Study site and dates: Las Joyas Scientific Station, Sierra de Manantlán Biosphere Reserve, Jalisco, Mexico. April-May 2015. Methods: The number of fruits removed were recorded in treatments excluding of different size vertebrates, in areas with a dense or sparse understory within two forest types plus open areas with shrub cover. To identify vertebrate fruit-removing species, camera-traps were placed under the canopy of P. hintonii trees with high fructification amounts. Results: Fruit removal was lower in areas of low understory density at pine-oak forests (11.17 ± 5.30 %) and gap areas (25.5 ± 2.39 %), compared to subtropical cloud forests (72.51 ± 0.60 %). The number of days to start the fruit removal was lower in the cloud and pine-oak forests with dense understory than in those with a sparse understory. We identified six mammal and three bird species as removers of P. hintonii fruits, among which Pecari tajacu and small mammals were the most important fruit removers. Conclusions: Low density understory in pine-oak favor less fruit removal of P. hintonii, probably associated with the behavior of its consumers.
Ethnobotanical culture of geophytes in Sakarya province, Turkey
Authors: Sağıroğlu Mehmet , Eker İsmail , Semerci Alican Bahadır , Karaduman Didem
Published: November 2022

Background: Limited number of studies have been conducted to determine the ethnobotanical uses of geophytes and to scientifically document traditional knowledge associated with them.

Questions: What is the ethnobotanical usage culture of geophytes in Sakarya province?

Studied species: Geophytes.

Study site and dates: Sakarya, Turkey; 2017 to 2020.

Methods: Information in the local community was obtained through face to face or collective interviews. In addition, cultural importance index (CII) and the informant consensus factor (ICF) values were calculated.

Results: In this study, the knowledge of the local public about 115 geophytes (107 natural and eight cultivated) belonging to 26 families was revealed. The most common families are Asparagaceae (23 taxa), Iridaceae (20 taxa) and Amaryllidaceae (14 taxa). The most common genera are Crocus (12 taxa), Orchis (7 taxa) and Allium (6 taxa). Out of a total of 115 taxa, 226 uses are reported, including 128 folk remedies, 47 ornamental plants, 48 food and three the other uses. The most widely used plant according to cultural importance index is Leucojum aestivum (Gölsoğanı,  CII: 2.57).

Conclusion: Our interviews revealed that the geophytes in the study area are still widely used by people in their daily lives for medicinal, food and floricultural purposes. In addition, the ethnobotanical uses of Crocus speciosus subsp. sakariensis, Crocus keltepensis, Fritillaria bithynica and Muscari pamiryigidii are reported for the first time in Turkey.
On the record: Professor Rachel Jewkes
Authors: Gould Chandré
Published: November 2022

Chandré Gould speaks to Professor Rachel Jewkes, Director of the Gender and Health Unit of the Medical Research Council and a member of the newly formed National Council on Gender-Based Violence. Professor Rachel Jewkes and her colleagues at the Gender and Health Unit have undertaken foundational research on gender-based violence in South Africa for many years; most recently this includes research conducted to assess the levels of rape perpetration in South Africa,and a national study of child and female homicide. The unit has also developed and tested the South African version of the Stepping Stones programme that was shown to be effective in changing men’s sexual risk-taking behaviour and ‘reduced their use of violence’, while also reducing sexually transmitted infections in women.
Programmes for change: Addressing sexual and intimate partner violence in South Africa
Authors: Shai Nwabisa Jama , Sikweyiya Yandisa
Published: November 2022

South Africa has a number of locally evaluated interventions that have been designed to prevent sexual and intimate partner violence before it occurs. This article describes such programmes that have been evaluated and found to be promising or effective. Seven locally evaluated primary prevention interventions are described, along with the evidence egarding their level of effectiveness. These interventions include mother-child, parentteen, individual and group-based interventions. All of these interventions are developed based on evidence and primary prevention principles: a sound theory of change, cultural relevance, participatory methods and evaluation through randomised controlled trials.
Improving the efficiency of evidence-based interventions: The strengths and limitations of randomised controlled trials
Authors: Tomlinson Mark , Ward Catherine L , Marlow Marguerite
Published: November 2022

Globally, randomised controlled trials (RCTs) are increasingly seen as the gold standard of programme evaluation, representing the best way to determine whether new interventions are effective – but they are not without limitations. In this article, we discuss the phases of scientific discovery and the research standards that are necessary before scaling up interventions. We also outline the core characteristics of RCTs, such as randomisation, efficacy and effectiveness, and discuss the benefits of using the RCT as the standard of intervention evaluation. We discuss how ‘realist’ evaluation contributes to what policymakers need to know in order to make a decision about an evaluation and alternatives to the RCT, such as stepped wedge, regression discontinuity, non-randomised cohort, and time series designs.
Making further inquiries: Policing in context in Brixton and Khayelitsha
Authors: Dixon Bill
Published: November 2022

Only rarely do inquiries into policing investigate the social context within which it takes place. This article looks at two inquiries that chose to take on this task: Lord Scarman’s into the Brixton disorders in London in April 1981; and Justice Kate O’Regan and Advocate Vusi Pikoli’s into the current state of policing in Khayelitsha in the Western Cape. It argues that they should be applauded for doing so, but draws attention to how difficult it can be to persuade governments to address the deep-rooted social and economic problems associated with crises in policing rather than focus on reforming the police institution, its policies, procedures and practices.
'Unconscionable and irrational': SAPS human resource allocation
Authors: Redpath Jean , Nagia-Luddy Fairouz
Published: November 2022

The Khayelitsha Commission revealed that areas that are predominantly populated by people who are poor and black are systematically allocated only a small fraction of the average per capita allocation of police personnel in the Western Cape. These areas also suffer among the highest rates of murder and serious violent crime in the province. The allocation of human resources to policing impinges on various constitutional rights. Given the inequity and irrationality apparent in the allocation of police personnel, the Khayelitsha Commission recommended that this method be urgently revised. This article reviews the evidence heard on the allocations and the method currently used to allocate police personnel, suggests an alternative method, and calls on the government to heed the recommendation of the Khayelitsha Commission that the state urgently revise its method of allocation of policing resources.
Effects of Achillea millefolium extract on spontaneous and oxytocin-induced isolated rat uterine contractions
Authors: EKER Ali , ÖZDENGÜL Faik , YARGIÇ Melda Pelin , ŞEN Aysu
Published: November 2022

Objective: Achillea millefolium (AM) is widely used in traditional medicine in a wide geography due to its effects on the female reproductive system. However, its effect on uterine smooth muscle contractions is unknown. Our study aims to investigate the effects of AM on spontaneous and oxytocin-induced isolated rat uterine contractions.

Method: Myometrial strips were obtained from 32 adult Wistar Albino rats. Contraction amplitudes and frequencies were recorded by isolated tissue bath system after either of the following: administration of only Krebs-Hanseleit (KBH) solution, administration of Achillea millefolium extract (AME); administration of KBH or AME after inducing contractions with oxytocin. The differences at the level of p
Assessment of hepatitis B, hepatitis C and human immunodeficiency virus screening results performed before elective eye surgery
Authors: TÜRKOĞLU Emine , KONUK Şerife Gülhan
Published: November 2022

Objective: Although preoperative screening for Hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections in patients is a controversial issue in terms of cost-effectiveness and patient privacy, this practice is commonly carried on by surgical branches. The goals of this study were to evaluate the prevalence of preoperative HBV surface antigen (HBsAg), anti-HCV and anti-HIV antibodies, as well as whether seropositive patients were referred to the infectious diseases outpatient clinic.

Method: In this study, blood samples from 884 patients who underwent elective eye surgery at Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa University Medical Faculty Hospital between August 2019 and April 2021 were researched for HBsAg, anti-HCV and anti-HIV positivity and seroprevalences were determined. It was also determined whether patients with seropositivity from the hospital automation system had previously been diagnosed and if newly diagnosed patients applied to the infectious diseases outpatient clinic in the subsequent period.

Results: The study comprised a total of 884 patients. Males comprised 457 (51.7%) of all patients, with a mean age of 63.21± 16.05. In 29/839 (3.3%) of the patients, HBsAg was positive. Anti-HCV positivity was found in 21/872 (2.4%) people. Anti-HIV positivity was not detected in any of the patients.

Conclusion: It would be a more accurate and effective approach to increase compliance with standard hygiene and protection measures rather than requesting routine pre-operative testing for HBV, HCV and HIV. If these tests reveal seropositivity, the patient should be informed of the disease and referred to an infectious disease specialist.
Challenges associated with meningiomas with extracranial extension: A clinical study
Authors: GENÇ Ali , AKYUVA Yener , KABATAŞ Serdar
Published: November 2022

Objective: Surgical treatment of extracranial meningiomas is challenging. In this study, we present an illustrated case series to share our experience in the treatment of meningiomas with extracranial extension.

Method: We retrospectively reviewed the data of 11 patients with meningiomas who underwent surgical treatment between 2008 and 2020. The intracranial and extracranial components were radiologically and intraoperatively confirmed for all patients.

Results: The patients included seven men and four women with a mean age of 55.4 years. Most patients presented with facial disfigurement or asymmetrical skull growth. The most common symptom at presentation was headache. The most common location of the meningiomas was the frontal region and those of extracranial growth were the paranasal sinuses and parietal bone invasion. We recognized two distinct modalities of bone destruction: hyperostosis (n=3) and osteolysis (n=8). Pathological investigation revealed atypical features in six patients. Preoperative embolization was attempted in four patients but it proved to be difficult; proper embolization could be achieved only in one patient. The most commonly encountered challenges during surgery were large calvarial and cranial base defects due to bone erosion, dural defects, and managing the superior sagittal sinus with parietal tumors. Excessive blood loss was also of particular concern, which was managed using simple scalp clips, intraoperative transfusion, and other conservative approaches of tumor extensions into paranasal sinuses. No perioperative mortality occurred. Calvarial reconstruction was performed with polymethyl methacrylate cement where needed.

Conclusion: Meningiomas with extracranial extension are surgically challenging but treatable. It contains fine neurosurgical trics in its treatment and follow-up.
Successful surgery of Ebstein’s anomaly of 11-year-old patient after having had two cardiac arrests
Authors: ALTINBAŞ Özgür , DEMİRYÜREK Abdullah Tuncay , CELKAN Mehmet Adnan
Published: November 2022

Ebstein’s anomaly is a rarely seen congenital heart disease with high morbidity and mortality rates. Impaired function of tricuspid valve and partially atrialized right ventricle are the main characteristics of the disease. Patients may have symptom-free survival for long terms whereas intra uterine death may also be encountered due to wide range of the symptoms. Regurgitation of the tricuspid valve and right-sided heart failure are the foremost symptoms. Surgery must be performed in symptomatic patients without delay. Carpentier’s approach to the surgical treatment of Ebstein’s anomaly is one of the methods that can be applicable. In this study it is reported that successful surgical treatment of 11-year-old child with Ebstein’s anomaly who had two cardiac arrests before operation, by using Carpentier’s technique.
Duodenal bölge tutulumu ile seyreden mortal nötropenik enterokolit olgusu
Authors: YAQOOBİ Hasibullah , BAL Tayibe , ÇABALAK Mehmet , ÖNLEN Yusuf , OCAK Sabahattin
Published: November 2022

Nötropenik enterokolit çoğunlukla akut lösemili hastalar gibi mukozal hasarı indükleme potansiyeli yüksek hastalığı olanları ve yoğun kemoterapötik rejimleri alan hastaları etkilemektedir. Burada kemoterapi devamında ateş, karın ağrısı, bulantı, kusma, karında şişkinlik, ishal, ağız içinde yara şikayetleri ile başvuran, batın BT’ de diffüz duodenum duvar kalınlaşması saptanan 34 yaşında akut lenfoblastik lösemi tanılı nötropenik enterokolit olgusu sunulmuştur. Olgumuzu sunmaya değer kılan duodenal bölge tutulumu ile seyreden nötropenik enterokolit olmasıdır.
Does the anticholinergic drug Biperiden affect early neural tube development in chick embryos?
Authors: GÜZEL Hilal , ASLAN Esra
Published: November 2022

Objective: Biperiden (BPD) is an anticholinergic agent that acts both centrally and peripherally. It is used to counteract both extrapyramidal side effects of neuroleptic treatment and symptoms of Parkinson’s disease in clinical practice. Current study was layout to determine the potential toxic effect of different doses of Biperiden on neural tube closure in 48hr chick embryos.

Method: Sixty fertilized eggs were used in the study. All eggs were placed in the incubator and divided into four groups (15 eggs in each); Control, BPD1, BPD2 and BPD3. At 28hr of incubation, three different doses of Biperiden were administered subblastodermically in all BPD groups. At the end of 48hr of incubation, all eggs were opened and embryos were dissected and evaluated morphologically and histopathologically.

Results: According to these results, the mean crown-rump length and somite number tended to decrease proportionally with the dose. As the dose increases, the number of open neural tube and undeveloped embryos in the experimental groups also increases. There was also a significant difference between the groups in terms of Hamburger-Hamilton stages of embryos evaluated according to the number of somite. Embryos in the Control, BPD1 and BPD2 groups were observed at stage 13, and those in the BPD3 group were observed at stage 12.

Conclusion: These results showed that Biperiden even in the low dose has teratogenicity on neural tube closure in early chick embryos. The somite numbers and crown-rump length were decreased depending on the dose and Biperiden caused developmental retardation in high doses.
Регионализм как драйвер активности европейских регионов в отношениях с центром
Authors: Сулимов Константин
Published: November 2022

Регионализм стал одной из движущих сил в трансформации институциональной архитектуры взаимодействий территориальных политий разных уровней в рамках Европейского союза в течение последних десятилетий. Регионы приобрели, пусть и очень неравномерно, значительные полномочия в отношении самоуправления и влияния на принятие решений на других уровнях власти – национальном и ЕС. Но активность в использовании этих полномочий сильно варьирует в кросс-региональном и в кросс-национальном измерениях. Исследование построено на предположении, что регионализм, понимаемый как идеология и движение субнационального сообщества, политически представляемый регионалистскими партиями, является одним из факторов этой вариативности. Это предположение было проверено на материале использования регионами двух специальных механизмов взаимодействия с центром: региональные инициативы в национальных легислатурах и оспаривание в конституционных судах решений национальных органов власти. Были собраны данные за период с 2001 по 2020 г. по 80 регионам Италии, Германии, Испании и Швейцарии (2 610 инициатив и 1 444 обращения в суд – без Швейцарии, хотя этим правом кантоны обладают). Также были определены регионалистские партии в этих регионах и использованы данные об их силе в региональных легислатурах (всего 77 партий в 34 регионах). Ключевая гипотеза состоит в том, что сила регионалистских партий в регионе позитивно влияет на активность региона в использовании механизмов взаимодействия. Результаты анализа подтверждают значимость регионалистской силы для всех стран вместе и для каждой в отдельности в сочетании с менее устойчивым влиянием ресурсности и специфичности регионов. При этом есть значительные отличия между странами, которые можно объяснить тем, что эти два механизма включены в сильно различающиеся по степени институционализированности и политической значимости страновые системы отношений по линии “регионы – центр”, которые по-разному фреймируют региональные и регионалистские стратегии по использованию отдельных механизмов взаимодействия с центром.
EU Development in the Context of the Conference on the Future of Europe
Authors: Entina E. , Entin M.
Published: November 2022

The European Union is being dragged deeper into another systemic crisis, largely caused by itself. The EU usually saved face from the crises and got stronger, modernized, with broader powers vested by the Member States. Now the situation is different. The EU has hedged its bets. Using the tools of "deliberative" democracy, it held a Conference on the future of Europe, which is discussed in detail in this article. It was organized in a modern network format. Owing to it, the EU leadership was able to involve tens of thousands of people and all segments of society in the discussion of implementing the European project and deepening integration. According to their plan, such an impressive representativeness legitimizes in advance the widest range of recommendations approved by the Conference. Given these recommendations, the European Parliament, the EU Council and the European Commission can now draw any recipes for revitalizing what they are already doing, tightening their course and renewing the EU. They got a free hand, which they counted on: it will be difficult for opponents of reforms to go against the mandate of voters. Some of the measures proposed by the Conference have already been taken up by the EU institutions. Some may require amendments to the founding agreements of the integration bloc and the convening of a convention. The result could be a profound transformation in the way the EU is organized and functions. However, Brussels' plans seem to fall far from reality, contradict the interests of other world players and promotion of equal international cooperation and multilateralism.
Percepción de enfermeros colombianos sobre un entorno laboral saludable para la práctica asistencial en el ámbito hospitalario
Authors: Peña-Alfaro Bairon Steve , Arango-Bayer Gloria Lucia
Published: November 2022

Objetivo: explorar la percepción de enfermeros profesionales colombianos sobre la definición y las principales características de un entorno laboral saludable (ELS) para la práctica asistencial de enfermería en el ámbito hospitalario. Metodología: estudio de tipo cualitativo descriptivo. Se realizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas a nueve enfermeros profesionales reclutados mediante un muestreo no probabilístico. Las entrevistas fueron grabadas, transcritas literalmente y codificadas. A través de la organización y estructuración de estos códigos se logró establecer categorías y subcategorías. Resultados: del análisis de los datos fue posible establecer una definición de entorno laboral saludable y se obtuvieron dos dimensiones (categorías) y diez características principales (subcategorías) del concepto. Conclusiones: los hallazgos de este estudio permiten tener una mejor comprensión acerca de la percepción de los enfermeros colombianos sobre la definición y características esenciales de un ELS para la práctica de enfermería en el ámbito hospitalario. Estos hallazgos aportan al desarrollo de herramientas de medición de los ELS que se ajusten a las condiciones y a la realidad del ejercicio profesional en el ámbito hospitalario colombiano.
Company Performance Analysis in Management: Current Preferences and Possible Trends
Authors: Dzuro Matúš , Daneshjo Naqib , Drábik Peter , Malíčková Lucia , Korytinová Kristina
Published: November 2022

The objective of this paper is to identify key expressions appearing in scientific papers related to the management of company performance and its analysis. There are various ways of looking at the evaluation of performance of a company. Most commonly they fit into the following categories: financial, social, environmental, and global. Based on a study of several papers and publications in the field of company performance evaluation a list of key words and expressions was set up. These were then evaluated for number of occurrences in google.com search engine in 5-year intervals from 2000 to 2020 included. Similar measurements were done with the google trends tool where monthly “popularity” is measured by the companies own index since 2004. Results show an increase of popularity in social and environmental performance evaluation. Approaches such as the Triple Bottom Line reporting and the Global reporting initiative gain volume in terms of publications on the internet. They are likely to be complemented by tools/approaches related to sustainability and RMSE and ensemble model methods.
A Study of The Effects of Short-Term AI Coding Course with Gamification Elements on Students' Cognitive Mental Health
Authors: Binti Kamarudin Nurul Alin , Raja Ikram Raja Rina binti , Binti Azman Farah Nadia , Syed Ahmad Sharifah Sakinah , Bin  Zainuddin Dzulfarqeish
Published: November 2022

The objective of this research is to study the effect of short-term AI coding course with gamification elements on primary school students' cognitive skill and mental health. The proposed gamification coding activities was designed to help students in comprehending the coding concept, which is often seen as challenging. For 8 weeks, 43 primary school students aged 7 to 12 were randomly divided into a control group and an experimental group. The experimental group learnt AI and basic coding, whereas the control group just learned basic coding. According to the results, students' cognitive skills and mental health have improved.
Lean Manufacturing System Optimization with Simulation Models and Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Estiasih Soffia Pudji , Sutejo Bambang , Putra Wing Hendroprasetyo Akbar
Published: November 2022

The design of lean manufacturing system to solve the problem of inefficiency or waste in the process of ship production in Madura shipyard, with consideration because in a manufacturing system can always be found things that actually do not provide added value or things that are too excessive in doing so. This is commonly called waste workshop. Lean's approach aims to eliminate waste elimination and non value added activity, facilitate the flow of material, product and information, and continuous improvement of quality. With lean approach,  it is expected that the shipyard of kapa madura will be more efficient and productive In this research, a simulation model for lean manufacturing in SME Madura shipyard was developed. Development of simulation model is done with ARENA software. To measure the lean manufacturing system performance that was designed, experiments and optimization were carried out using the Response Surface Methodology. The measurement of multi performance criteria with the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method with work in process criteria, waiting time, and flow time is carried out to determine the optimal lean manufacturing system. From the completion of the AHP method, it can be seen that the weight for the waiting time criterion is 0.7; flow time 0.2, and Work in Process 0.1. The weight of each criterion generated from the AHP method multiplied by the response of each criterion will be A weighted performance measure (WPM).

Based on the optimization graph in the Response Surface Methodology method, Global Solution or the optimal solution is obtained using Minitab 16 software as follows : A (Set Up Time) = 2 (80 minutes), B (Lot Size) = -1.51515 (8 tons), C (Loading interval) = -1.23232 (208 minutes), D (Demand Stability) = -2 (90%), With the value of the goal for the minimum WPM, the lowest value is 0, the target value is 0 and the upper value is 11000
ANALYSIS OF CONSTRUCTIVE SOLUTIONS OF THE EXISTING BUILDINGS OF THE HOUSING FUND OF THE KHARKIV CITY ON THE SUBJECT OF THEIR PERFORMANCE AS A CONSEQUENCE OF THE INFLUENCE OF COMBAT ACTIONS
Authors: Reznik Petro , Almohamad Mohamd , Tenesesku Vladyslav
Published: November 2022

The article examines the main structural solutions of existing residential buildings inthe city of Kharkiv and analyzes their working capacity from the point of view of resistance toexplosive effects and, as a result, progressive collapse. It is known that progressive collapse ischaracteristic of extreme (emergency) cases, when due to destruction of a responsible element of thestructure as a result of a gas explosion, ammunition bursts, climatic cataclysms, transport collapses,etc a part of the building or the entire structure collapses. It is noted that every year, the interest ofthe world scientific community in the issues of progressive collapse is growing, because,unfortunately, the number of cases of avalanche-like collapse of buildings of various types isincreasing. This was facilitated by already known cases of collapses of various objects, such as theRonan Point residential building (Great Britain) in 1968 or the buildings of the World Trade Center(USA) in 2011, or the very recent case of the collapse of a residential building in Surfside (USA) in2021. At the same time, it is noted that domestic regulations do not yet specify the methodology forcalculating buildings before progressive collapse, and the existing methods of experimental andnumerical analysis still need to be refined. Unfortunately, the list of such objects is increasing, andtoday, Ukraine has added to it numerous destroyed buildings as a result of ongoing hostilities on itsterritory. Therefore, for our country in the current conditions, the issue of ensuring the future stability of all buildings, and in particular, the housing stock against progressive collapse, is an urgent issue.On the basis of the analysis of the constructive solutions of the housing development in the city ofKharkiv, the type of buildings that, according to the authors of the article, has the greatest resource,is singled out, and brief recommendations are given for its increase in the future.
Decir y Callar : lenguaje, equidad y poder en la universidad peruana
Authors: Zavala Virginia , Córdova Gavina
Published: November 2022

Este libro aborda las inequidades que se construyen a partir de diferenciaciones en torno al lenguaje en la Universidad Nacional San Antonio de Abad en el Cusco y en la Universidad Nacional San Cristóbal de Huamanga en Ayacucho. Se estudian las problemáticas del motoseo, del uso del quechua y de la escritura académica para demostrar como todas ellas sirven de base para generar graves exclusiones en el entorno universitario.
Entre la tormenta y la brisa : homenaje a Gustavo Gutiérrez
Authors: Romero Catalina , Peirano Falconí Luis
Published: November 2022

Entre la tormenta y la brisa es un libro escrito por varios amigos y amigas de Gustavo Gutiérrez, a quien, con motivo de sus ochenta años y cincuenta de sacerdocio, ha decidido rendirle un merecido homenaje. Recogen, de alguna manera, las sensibilidades de Gustavo desde las diferentes vocaciones y oficios que cada uno ha desarrollado: el arte, el teatro, las ciencias sociales, la arquitectura, la historia, la filosofía y la historieta.