bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CONSEQUÊNCIAS DO USO DE ÁLCOOL E TABACO NO FETO
Authors: Trabulsi Rhamid Kalil , Freato Augusto Hipolito Chagas , Trabulsi Rhana Luiza , Lima Francisco José da Conceição , Costa André Luis Meneses da , Paz Bruna Katarine Beserra , Fecury Sayure dos Reis , Carvalho Agesilau Coelho de , Camarão Rita de Cássia Costa , Silva Tatyana Santana de Azevedo , Oliveira Suzane Katy Rocha De , Silva Maria Raimunda Chagas
Published: July 2024

O consumo de drogas lícitas e ilícitas, em especial o álcool e tabaco tem se intensificado em mulheres de idade fértil no Brasil, o que gera riscos à saúde materno-infantil, umas vezes que grande parte das composições encontradas no álcool e tabaco atravessam a barreira placentária e hematoencefálica processo anterior de metabolização. Inúmeras consequências ocorrem com os recém-nascidos expostos a diferentes toxinas durante a gravidez, sendo as principais delas o baixo peso ao nascer e a prematuridade. O presente estudo objetivou determinar os fatores de risco e agravos pelo uso de álcool e tabaco durante a gestação. Trata-se de um desenho analítico transversal, no qual foram incluídas 20 pacientes visando a investigação do uso de álcool e tabaco na gestação, a coleta dos dados foi realizado nos municípios de São José de Ribamar e São Luís. Verificou-se que a idade variou de 20 a 38 anos e a maioria estava desempregada naquele momento. Todas consumiram álcool e/ou drogas durante a gestação. Na análise, verificou-se que das 20 voluntárias 75% fizeram o uso de álcool em algum momento da gestação, e 55% fizeram o uso de tabaco. Como consequência, metade dos bebês (50%) foram prematuros e 70% tiveram baixo peso ao nascer. Além disso, 60% apresentaram algum tipo de malformação congênita e 80% tiveram atrasos no desenvolvimento. Os achados sugerem que o consumo de drogas lícitas e ilícitas, sobretudo álcool e tabaco, apresenta-se em crescente em mulheres em idade fértil no Brasil, além de evidenciar o potencial risco para o uso dessas drogas de forma intrinsecamente relacionado a fatores sociodemográficos.

Palavras-chave: Gestação, consumo de álcool, consumo de tabaco, feto, uso de substâncias.
A INFLUÊNCIA DAS REDES SOCIAIS NA DISTORÇÃO DE REALIDADE E SEUS IMPACTOS NA SAÚDE MENTAL DOS USUÁRIOS
Authors: Pontes Ariana Lopes , Lopes Hyara da Silva
Published: July 2024

Este trabalho tem como principal finalidade explorar como o uso das redes sociais modifica a percepção da realidade e os impactos resultantes na saúde mental dos adultos. O estudo procurou entender como as redes sociais criam imagens distorcidas da realidade e como isso afeta a percepção individual. Foram avaliados os efeitos psicológicos da comparação social contínua nas plataformas digitais e destacada a importância da Terapia Cognitivo-Comportamental para enfrentar o uso excessivo das mídias sociais e melhorar a qualidade de vida dos usuários. Para a elaboração deste projeto foi realizada revisão bibliográfica de autores ligados ao assunto, demonstrando que a exposição constante a conteúdos idealizados pode levar a sentimentos de inadequação, ansiedade e depressão. A comparação social, frequentemente exacerbada pelas redes sociais, foi identificada como um dos principais fatores de risco para o desenvolvimento desses problemas psicológicos. Os resultados nos levam a perceber o quão a mídia interfere na construção de identidades e cria padrões sociais irreais. Assim, como a Terapia Cognitivo – Comportamental tem se mostrado aliada na intervenção de tal cenário.

Palavras-chave: Redes Sociais; Distorção da Realidade; Saúde Mental; Terapia Cognitivo –Comportamental.
O PAPEL DO PSICÓLOGO ESCOLAR NA EDUCAÇÃO BÁSICA BRASILEIRA: AS POSSIBILIDADES E OS DESAFIOS
Authors: Lima Rayenne Silva , Lima Gabriel Nava
Published: July 2024

A educação desempenha um papel fundamental no desenvolvimento humano, e a presença do psicólogo escolar é crucial para promover um ambiente educacional saudável e inclusivo. Nesta pesquisa, o objetivo geral é investigar o papel dos psicólogos escolares na educação básica brasileira, analisando tanto as oportunidades que oferecem quanto os desafios que enfrentam. A metodologia adotada consiste em uma revisão bibliográfica abrangente, explorando estudos e trabalhos relevantes sobre o tema. Os resultados desta pesquisa podem fornecer informações valiosas sobre o impacto do trabalho dos psicólogos escolares no contexto educacional brasileiro, destacando suas contribuições para o bem-estar dos alunos, o desenvolvimento de habilidades socioemocionais e o enfrentamento de questões como bullying e dificuldades de aprendizagem. Conclui-se que investir na presença e no apoio adequado aos psicólogos escolares é essencial para promover uma educação de qualidade e garantir o pleno desenvolvimento dos estudantes brasileiros.

Palavras-chave: Educação. Psicologia Escolar. Psicólogo Escolar.
A IMPORTÂNCIA DO ACOMPANHAMENTO COM PSICÓLOGO PARA PACIENTES RENAIS CRÔNICOS PARA UMA MELHOR ACEITAÇÃO AO TRATAMENTO POR MEIO DE HEMODIÁLISE
Authors: Soares Letícia Silva , Paschoal Marcio de Almeida , Silva Rosana do Nascimento da
Published: July 2024

Esta pesquisa surgiu como inquietação da realidade que se vivencia diante da realidade de pacientes com insuficiência renal crônica em aceitar o tratamento da hemodiálise. Assim, houve a necessidade de realizar um estudo e revisar a literatura para compreender melhor acerca dessa situação. O objetivo geral desta pesquisa é investigar, na literatura vigente, o processo de aceitação do paciente com insuficiência renal crônica no que tange ao tratamento por meio de hemodiálise, bem como as formas de contribuições que o psicólogo pode realizar para contribuir nesse processo. Como objetivos específicos: realizou-se um estudo bibliográfico sobre os impactos do tratamento de hemodiálise nas pessoas com insuficiência renal crônica, descrevendo-se as principais dificuldades de aceitação no tratamento de hemodiálise; Apresentou-se propostas e reflexões acerca da forma que o psicólogo pode intervir positivamente com paciente renais crônicos, apontando como isso pode ajudar na aceitação dos pacientes quanto ao tratamento adequado e, consequentemente, melhorar o processo de aceite do tratamento. Para tanto, foi realizada pesquisa do tipo bibliográfica, considerando autores e pesquisadores que tratam sobre o tema em questão. Entre as discussões verificadas na pesquisa, destaca-se que muitos pacientes tendem a, no primeiro momento, negar a aceitação ao tratamento por meio da hemodiálise, mas que, com o tempo, principalmente, com auxílio e acompanhamento profissional, esse processo tente a ser melhor recebido pelo paciente. Logo, o estudo destacou a necessidade de, cada vez mais, se pensar em inserir o trabalho do psicólogo diante de situações de pacientes que precisam passar por situações de difícil aceitação de tratamento de saúde, no caso específico de investigação, o tratamento com hemodiálise.

Palavras-chave: Insuficiência renal crônica, Tratamento por meio de hemodiálise, Aceitação do tratamento de hemodiálise.
Bentuk Kesalahan Pemakaian Bahasa Indonesia pada Media Luar Ruang di Wilayah Solo Raya
Authors: Lestari Yunita Nur , Saddono Kundharu
Published: July 2024

Bahasa adalah bagian penting dari komunikasi. Jika ada komunikasi yang baik, maka peran tersebut dapat berjalan dengan baik. Ketika seseorang menggunakan bahasa secara tertulis, penting untuk mengikuti standar Pengunaan Umum Ejaan Bahasa Indonesia (PUEBI) serta Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (KBBI). Penggunaan kata yang benar terkait dengan aturan-aturan tersebut dapat mencegah lunturnya bahasa Indonesia secara baik dan tepat. Namun demikian, masih banyak kesalahan dalam bahasa yang diterjadi dalam praktiknya. Penelitian ini memakai metode kualitatif deskriptif. Pengamatan, perekaman dan dokumentasi merupakan metode yang dipakai oleh peneliti guna mengumpulkan data. Hasil analisis dan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa masyarakat di wilayah Solo Raya sering melakukan kesalahan. Penulisan ejaan dan imbuhan yang kurang tepat adalah bagian dari kesalahan semacam ini.
Pengaruh Bermain Peran terhadap Kecerdasan Interpersonal Anak Usia 5-6
Authors: Pinoi Kartika , Sutisna Icam , Ardini Pupung Puspa
Published: July 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui Pengaruh Bermain Peran terhadap Kecerdasan Interpersonal Anak Usia 4-5 Tahun Kelompok B di TK Anggrek di desa boidu,kecamatan bulango utara kabupaten bone bolango. Peneliti menggunakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode eksperimen yang menggunakan perlakuan untuk mempengaruhi sampel penelitian dengan anggapan akan terjadi suatu perubahan pada keterampilan proses sains. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh anak TK Anggrek, Yang menjadi sampel dalam penelitian ini yaitu anak kelompok B1 TK Anggrek Desa Boidu yang berjumlah 15 anak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan metode eksperimen dalam permainan pengaruh bermain peran terhadap kecerdasan interpersonal anak usial 4-5 tahun kelompok b di- tk anggrek desa boidu,  kecamatan bulango utara kabupaten bonel; bolango Hasil pengujian diperoleh Thitung = 5.879 nilai Ttabel pada  = 0,05; dk= n-1 (15-1 = 14) diperoleh sebesar = 2.145 dengan demikian Thitung lebih besar dari Ttabel (Thitungl=;5.879 ≥ Ttabel = 2.131).Berdasarkan kriteria pengujian bahwa terima Ha: jika Thitung≥ Ttabel α = 0,05; n-1, oleh karena itu hipotesis alternatif atau Ha dapat diterima,  sehingga dapat dinyatakan terdapat pengaruh bermain peran terhadap kecerdasan interpersonal pada anak.
TREATMENT OF CLINICAL ANOESTRUS IN ARABIAN MARES BY A PROSTAGLANDIN F2 α|ή‎|‎ωϧΔΔ ‎‎|‎ ‎
Authors: F.R. Abdul-Aziz, , H.A. Fahmi,
Published: July 2024

A synthetic prostaglandin F2 α(PGF2  α) analogue, luprostiol* , was used in treatment of clinically anoestrus Arabian mares that suffered from abnormal persisting luteal function. Thirty two anoestrus mares were selected for this study after careful examination of their breeding history and a thorough genital examination which included rectal palpation of the genital tract and ovaries. The genital examination also included a vaginoscopy of the vagina and cervix. These mares were diagnosed as clinically anoestrus during the spring and summer months breeding season and received a single intramuscular injection of the prostaglandin F2 α. Twenty six mares (81%) responded to the treatment and came to oestrus within 2-4 days. Ovarian activity of the induced oestrus was monitored by rectal palpation and the mares were bred twice according to their follicular development. A total of 13 mares (54%) became pregnant as a result of the treatment and pregnancies were confirmed later by rectal palpation. This study reveals that the majority of non-cycling mares during the spring and summer months breeding season are in a prolonged luteal function rather than inactive ovaries or ‘true anoestrus. The study also demonstrates the efficiency of Iuprostiol in the treatment of clinically anoestrus mares.
SEASONAL VARIATION OF SOME IMPORTANT SERUM ENZYMES ACTIVITIES IN SHEEP
Authors: Alkhayyat A. , A. Abbas D. , M. Said A.
Published: July 2024

Blood serum samples were obtained from ten normal nonpregnant ewes at mid January and mid August. The level of acetylcholine estrease (ChE). enzyme activity was estimated colorimetrically while the values of glutamete-oxaloacetate transaminase (COT), glutamate-pyruvate transaminase (GPT) and alkaline Phosphatease (A Ph) were estimated by an autoanalyzer. The results indicated significant depression in the normal values of ChE, GOT and GPT in summer season.
EFFECT OF LEAD AND CADMIUM ON IMMUNITY OF TWO VACCINES
Authors: H. AL-Attia H. , A. Khalifa K. , H. Al-Bayyati‎ S. , P. Ridha Y. , Al-Khshali Abdlhusin
Published: July 2024

This study was performed to investigate the effect of lead exposure on resistance of mice immunized against haemorrhagic septicaemia and challenged with virulent organisms. Lead treated mice showed greater susceptibility to challenge with P. multucida than control especially if lead nitrate is administered orally. this result showed that treatment with lead initials resistance of mice and might interferes with the vaccination programs. Cadmium chloride (cd) injected into rabbits at various time intervals in relation to tetanus toxoid injection was found to have some effect on the immune response. A reduction in the primary immune response was detected in case if (cd) is given two weeks prior to toxoid injection. On the other hand, enhancement of secondary antibody titers was detected. Cadmium reduced both primary and secondary antibody response if it is given seven days before immunization.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF THE PATHOGENICITY OF SHEEP AND BUFFALO ISOLATES OF FASCIOLA GIGANTICA IN GOATS
Authors: M. Al-Darraji‎ A. , I. Altaif‎ K. , Y.‎ Al-Kubaisee‎ R.
Published: July 2024

In an experiment designed to study the pathogenicity of two isolates of F. gigantica, one of sheep and the other of buffalo origin, twenty-one, 3- months old goats were divided into 3 equal groups. The first received 5 metacercariae per kg body weight of the sheep strain and the second group has given the same dose of buffalo strain, while the third group was left as control.
The main pathological findings were characterized as: fibrinous. perihepatitis, haemorrhagic tracts, haematomas, focal necrosis, hydroperitoneum and in the chronic phase by fibrosis and the typical pipe-stem liver. In animals of the second group, lesions were minor and consisted only of fewer heemorrhagic foci.
 The possible explanation of the difference in pathogenicity is discussed.
STUDY ON NORMAL HRMATOLOGICAL VALUES OF ARABIAN RACE HORSES
Authors: K.Al-Delaimi‎ A. , J. Ghazi‎ A.
Published: July 2024

Hematological values for sixty clinically normal Arabian bred race horses of both sexes were estimated.Red cell ,count, hemoglobin concentration, packed cell volume, mean corpuscular volume, mean ‘corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, white cell count, differential leukocytic count, total serum protein, albumin and globulin were determined by using several laboratory techniques. It appeared that the total serum protein and globulin were significantly higher in the stallions than those in mares (P < 0.05) whereas the results of other hemaltological parameters were comparable and the mean values did not show significant differences (P > 0.05).
SYNCHRONIZATION OF ESTRUS IN EWES
Authors: I. Fathalla,‎
Published: July 2024

A group of 15 Awasi ewes were inserted with intravaginal sponges of Veramix plus which were removed thirteen days later. Immediately after removal of the sponges, they were injected with 500 IU of FSH intramuscularly. All ewes were came to estrus within 2-3 days after injection. They were serviced, then, after completing a successful pregnancy, all ewes had twin lambs. : This trial indicates the success of estrus synchronization in ewes.
THR USE OF DIFFERENT LEVELS OF SINGLE CELL PROTEIN IN BROILER RATIONS
Authors: K. Al-Janabi A. , A.K. Diab ‎ ‎I. , G.M. Al-Banna‎ A.
Published: July 2024

The present work was carried out in poultry experiment farm of Animal Resources Dept.., College of Agric., Baghdad University, Iraq. Five different levels of single cell protein (0, 5, 10, 15, 20%) replaced to soybean meal in the diets of broiler chick and 600 one day old chicks (Hubberd). The birds were randomly distributed among five treatments (two replicate for each treatment.), 60 chicks per replicate. The results showed that. the diet containing 10% single cell protein was the best diet among the other treatments. The average body weight in six weeks old were 1081.5, 1097, 1171, 1095, 332 gr for the treatments used respectively.
EOSINOPHILIA IN EXPERIMENTAL FASCIOLIASIS IN GOATS INFECTED WITH SHEEP AND BUFFALO ISOLATES OF FASCIOLA ‎GYGANTICA
Authors: Y. Al-Kubaisee R. , I. Altaif K.
Published: July 2024

Twenty one male goats 3-4 months of age were exposed to five metacercariae per kg. of body weight of two isolates of Fasciola gigantica obtained from sheep and buffalo. Eosinophilia was mostly marked after prepatency in goats infected with sheep isolate.
Report of the Task Force on Food Security
Authors: Iqbal Muhammad
Published: July 2024

The Report on Food Security was prepared by the Task Force set up in the Planning Commission by the Prime Minister of Pakistan in May 2008 to: (i) review the production, availability, storage, and consumption of essential food commodities in Pakistan; (ii) examine the food procurement system and status of storage facilities; (iii) analyse price trends of essential food commodities; (iv) assess the impact of (food) price hike (observed in 2007-08) on vulnerable groups; and (v) devise an action plan for promoting food security for the vulnerable groups. It produced two Interim Reports in July 2008 and September 2008 before the submission of the Final Report in February 2009.
The setting up of the Task Force by the newly elected government soon after it had taken over was timely in that it preceded the start of the ‘Rabi sowing season for the next (winter 2008-09) wheat crop, the staple food in Pakistan. It must also be seen in the context of the unprecedented increase in global food prices in 2007-08 and rising threat of hunger and food insecurity, especially in developing countries. The need for evolving a comprehensive national strategy for food security was therefore pressing and urgent.
The main elements of the national strategy for food security identified by the Task Force are: (i) achieving a growth rate of at least 4 percent during the next decade (2010 2020) for agricultural sector with special focus on livestock sub-sector; (ii) setting up an efficient food procurement and distribution system for ensuring around the year food security in all regions of the country; (iii) adopting a pro-poor growth strategy to enhance access of poor households to food; (iv) establishing transparent and efficient safety nets for the vulnerable groups. An important contribution of the Report was the construction of a food security index (FSI) incorporating (with suitable weights) major aspects of food security. It also recommended the adoption and frequent updating of the proposed FSI to monitor food security situation in the country.
The Sociology of South Asian Women’s Health
Authors: Nazir Saman
Published: July 2024

In this lucidly written book, The Sociology of South Asian Women’s Health, Sara Rizvi Jafree, emphasises how health policies have left out the cultural knowledge about the unique circumstances and experiences of South Asian women. The author deftly explored the importance of re-conceptualising health policy development with a culturally and socially appropriate background for women in South Asia. In the introductory chapter of the book, Jafree starts by giving a concise structural description of how South Asian women’s health behaviour and health outcomes are affected by social systems of family, gender, faith, culture, government, schooling, and the media. Sara Rizvi Jafree aims to connect health policy efforts with knowledge of socio-environment and structural factors to propose better health policies for women. The book consists of nine chapters that are co-authored by different scholars with Jafree.
Political Economy of Tax and Digital Transformations in Pakistan (Special Invited Lecture)
Authors: Ahmad Ehtisham
Published: July 2024

1. THE NEED FOR A COORDINATED TAX AND SUSTAINABLE  GROWTH STRATEGY I
The 1985 National Tax Reform Commission (NTC) recommended a coordinated set of policies on tax policy, administration, and digital transformation to take the tax/GDP ratio from around 14 percent as it was then, to 20 percent by 1990, to underpin a sustainable growth path. The interim report of the NTC called the CBR “the most corrupt of Pakistani institutions.” The final report paid a great deal of attention to the interrelationships between tax evasion, smuggling and corruption. 1 The report emphasised a coordinated approach to reforming all taxes and administration, and that a tax-by-tax approach with tax administration determined separately would not do.
Unfortunately, the report was shelved as Pakistan extracted geographic rents from the war against the Soviets in Afghanistan. While the NTC could not have imagined that the tax/GDP ratio would decline after three decades of interactions and support from the IFIs, that the country would find itself on the brink of default consequently, or the depths to which rent-seeking and corruption might plumb.
A coordinated approach to multilevel tax policy and administration should also address key political economy challenges if Pakistan is to overcome the current economic crisis and move towards resilient and sustainable growth in the medium term. This is especially critical given the unprecedented “perfect storm” of the pandemic, climate shocks and once in a century floods, and ongoing disruptions in global value chains. The contrast with India is striking. With a general government tax/GDP ratio well above “the tipping point” of around 15 percent, India has been able to run a greater general deficit and much higher overall debt level than Pakistan (see Table 1 and Chart 1), without running into a potential debt crisis. It is important to stress that India by a Constitutional Amendment to harmonise the VAT across subnational jurisdictions has begun to address faults inherited from the pernicious 1935 Government of India Act, that still influences revenue assignments in Pakistan. The increasing geo-political importance of India, and the country’s greater resilience and attractiveness for FDI provide important contrasts and lessons for policy makers in Pakistan.
Todos os lutos importam? Discussões sobre lutos não reconhecidos em corpos dissidentes
Authors: Grigoleto Netto Jose Valdeci
Published: July 2024

O luto é um processo caracterizado pela ruptura de um vínculo afetivo e que não necessariamente está conectado com a morte concreta de um corpo. Pensar no rompimento de laços e relações em vida pode ser considerado como uma perda simbólica e que, por isso, tende a causar diversas respostas subjetivas e individuais nas pessoas. Neste caminho, tencionar reflexões acerca da ruptura de relações afetivas entre homens que se consideram homossexuais cisgêneros é o objetivo central desta pesquisa. Para tanto, nos embasamos em referenciais teóricos que exploram a temática do luto e em estudos sobre a diversidade sexual e de gênero. Enquanto método, este estudo contou com uma pesquisa de campo pautada no método qualitativo, com a realização de entrevistas com homens gays que vivenciaram uma ruptura de ordem afetivo-sexual. Assim, foram realizadas seis entrevistas, tanto na modalidade presencial quanto online, conforme preferência de cada participante. Cada narrativa dá expressão a uma particularidade no modo de viver o luto conforme o relato dos entrevistados. Por essas narrativas, podemos compreender que existem fatores que levam os sujeitos que não se enquadram em normas heteronormativas a viverem experiências de luto de forma isolada, sem contar com redes de apoio e acolhimento.
Carcinoma mediastinal de célula pequeña primario
Authors: Arciniegas Quiroga William , Arciniegas Grisales Mateo , Jaramillo Hurtado Santiago
Published: July 2024

El carcinoma neuroendocrino de célula pequeña mediastinal es una forma rara de carcinoma neuroendocrino. El diagnóstico se sospecha por imágenes y se confirma por patología y positividad de marcadores de inmunohistoquímica (IH). Estos tumores son agresivos y su recurrencia y metástasis complican su tratamiento.
Se presenta un caso de mujer de 78 años con síntomas de cuatro meses de pérdida de peso de 4 kilogramos, tos y expectoración escasa. Examen físico torácico normal; historia de tabaquismo de 20 paquetes/año. Radiografía de tórax con efecto de masa en el reborde externo derecho del cardiomediastino, tomografía computada de tórax (TAC) con efecto de masa en mediastino superior y medio, diámetro de 4.9x4.7x7.4 centímetros, envuelve estructuras broncovasculares mayores.
La biopsia se realizó por videotoracoscopia.  Los análisis histológicos y la inmunohistoquimica con varios marcadores positivos confirmó el carcinoma neuroendocrino de célula pequeña.
English foreign language learners’ perceptions of cultural elements in Chinese EFL textbooks
Authors: Qi Shasha , Derakhshan Ali
Published: July 2024

Our study aims to culturally analyze the textbook series in the context of China using a questionnaire taken from Kilickaya (2004). To this end, 635 EFL students participated and filled out a questionnaire. In addition, 31 students were randomly selected for a semi-structured interview. The results of the study indicated that students’ perceptions of the meaning and purpose of textbooks were found to be positive. As for materials on culture, it is argued that textbooks should include both macro and micro-cultures. The findings showed that the teaching contributions did a good job of presenting various perceptions from the students' points of view. Students felt that the textbooks represented diverse societies and were relevant to their home culture, but they felt that the manuals were less effective in presenting the values of social groups. The results demonstrated that the same location of images and text in textbooks is usually the display index. EFL textbooks for language learners in China are mainly composed of index relationships between texts, pictures, and tasks, showing a focus on descriptive meaning. Ultimately, the outcomes of this inquiry provide practical implications for EFL stakeholders.
MODELING MEANS FOR DISTURBANCE SUPPRESSING FROM ELECTRIC ROLLING STOCK IN RAIL CIRCUITS
Authors:   Russian University of Transport (MIIT), Tabunshchikov A.K. , Kuz`Min V.S. , Kislyakov R.N. ,   Russian University of Transport (MIIT)
Published: July 2024

The means of suppressing electromagnetic disturbance in the «track-track» and «track-locomotive» channels of rail circuits that arose when traction current flows in the rail line are considered. The results of a comparative analysis of the main options for implementing the corresponding filters placed on electric rolling stock and traction substations are described. Practical recommendations on the application and prospects for improving the proposed technical solutions are formulated.
MODERN CRYPTOGRAPHIC METHODS IN INTELLIGENT TRANSPORT SYSTEMS
Authors:   Russian University of Transport (MIIT), Khamaza A.S.
Published: July 2024

This article analyzes existing approaches and methods of data encryption in Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS), which are a critical component of modern urban and intercity mobility infrastructure. Considering the increasing reliance on sensors, intelligent data analysis, and inter-network communication within ITS, the security of transmitted data becomes a priority task.
ANALYSIS OF INTELLIGENT TRAIN TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT TOOLS IN CHINA
Authors:   Russian University of Transport (MIIT), Jia Chenglin , Chen Yining ,   Russian University of Transport (MIIT)
Published: July 2024

In recent years, with the acceleration of China's rail transit construction, the level of industry technology and equipment has also been continuously improving .The application range of intelligent train traffic control systems is becoming more and more extensive, and fully automatic driverless technology has been rapidly popularized and applied in many domestic cities .With the continuous increase of rail transit passenger flow, in order to further shorten the travel interval, improve operating efficiency, and reduce the failure rate, higher requirements have been put forward for the rail transit train control system .Through the analysis of the key technologies of China's train intelligent control system and intelligent train control system, this paper draws the advantages of intelligent train traffic control system and provides new ideas for the development of rail transit.
CALCULATIONS OF INTERFERENCE FROM TRACTION CURRENT ON STAGES WITHOUT INSULATING JOINTS
Authors:   Russian University of Transport (MIIT), Shamanov V.I. , Denezhkin D.V. ,   Russian University of Transport (MIIT)
Published: July 2024

The analysis of the features of calculations of interference caused by harmonics of alternating traction current on receivers of automatic cab signaling on stages in the absence of insulating joints on them is carried out. Some results of calculations of such interference when using the representation of rail lines with distributed parameters as complex electrical circuits are presented.
NECESSARY CONDITIONS FOR FAULT SAFETY OF CONTROL SYSTEMS IN RAILWAY TRANSPORT
Authors:   Joint-stock company “Research and design institute for information technology, signaling and telecommunications in railway transportation”, Moscow, Russia, Shubinsky I.B.
Published: July 2024

The article considers threats to the safety of control systems in railway transport, evaluates the controllability and observability of such systems to ensure their fault safety, and proposes the necessary conditions for single-level and multi-level safety protection for such systems.
FEATURES OF TEACHING DISCIPLINES RELATED TO PROGRAMMING IN THE COMPUTER SECURITY SPECIALTY
Authors:   Russian University of Transport (MIIT), Vasilyeva M.A. , Balakina E.P. ,   Russian University of Transport (MIIT)
Published: July 2024

Studying the discipline "Programming Languages" in the specialty "Computer Protection" is an important stage in the student’s professional skills formation in the field of information protection. The focus is not only on the ability to write code, but also on the ability to ensure software protection. This approach allows graduates of the specialty to be competent specialists ready to solve complex problems in the field of cybersecurity. A distinctive feature of teaching the discipline “Programming Languages” in the specialty “Computer Protection” is the choice of programming languages C and C++. Students study these languages over three semesters, starting in their first year of study. The use of the C and C++ programming languages is due to their widespread use in the field of software development, including in the field of cybersecurity. The purpose of the training is not only to acquire skills in writing “working code” and studying basic programming algorithms, but also to strive to ensure the safety of the developed software product. It must be considered that writing programs in the C and C++ programming languages can lead to the presence of various vulnerabilities in the code, which makes prevention and protection against threats especially relevant in the context of cybersecurity. One of the mandatory requirements for successfully completing an assignment in the discipline “Programming Languages” in the specialty “Computer Protection” is the presence of independently developed unit tests and their successful completion. This approach makes it possible to identify potential vulnerabilities and errors in the program code at the early stages of development, which helps to increase the level of security of the software product. To approve a completed assignment, you must obtain approval from two teachers through the web hosting version control system. This control mechanism ensures the necessary transparency and objectivity of the assignment checking process, and allows students to receive feedback from several teachers, which helps improve the quality of completed work.
FORMATION OF COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCIES AMONG FUTURE SPECIALISTS OF THE TRANSPORT INDUSTRY WHEN WORKING WITH SPECIALIZED FOREIGN LANGUAGE PUBLICATIONS IN THE FIELD OF INTELLIGENT TRANSPORT SYSTEMS
Authors:   Russian University of Transport (MIIT), Kometiani E.A.
Published: July 2024

The article is devoted to the development of the communicative competencies of future specialists of the railway industry when working with the professional terminology of industry publications, the corpus of vocabulary in the field of artificial intelligence, the peculiarities of translation and training of future specialists of the railway industry in the context of digital transformation.
METHODS OF DEVELOPING TRANSLATION COMPETENCES OF MODERN TECHNICAL SPECIALISTS
Authors:   Moscow Aviation Institute, Moscow, Russia, Kurbakov A.V. , Kurbakova S.N. ,   Moscow Aviation Institute, Moscow, Russia
Published: July 2024

Due to rapid technological progress and increase in the amount of technical information and data the practical importance of technical translation has considerably grown, with skills of processing the English language sources and translating technical texts becoming the essential part of professional competence of a modern technical specialist. The article focuses on the expertise acquired by the MAI Institute of Foreign languages in the sphere of upgrading educational materials in conformity with the new requirements of the professional training of technical specialists.
WEB-QUEST TECHNOLOGY IN TEACHING FOREIGN LANGUAGES TO STUDENTS OF TRANSPORT UNIVERSITIES
Authors:   Russian University of Transport (MIIT), Liakhova E.G.
Published: July 2024

This paper studies the possibility of using web-quest technology when teaching students of a transport university a foreign language, which determines its relevance. The purpose of the study is to analyze various types of web-quests, on the basis of which it is proved that such an approach to teaching increases the efficiency of mastering a foreign language of the specialty.
MULTIMODALITY OF PERCEPTION IN COMMUNICATIVE GESTALT SITUATIONS WHEN TEACHING ORAL ENGLISH SPEECH TO FUTURE INTELLIGENT TRANSPORT SYSTEM SPECIALISTS
Authors:   Russian University of Transport (MIIT), Liakhova E.G. , Fedotkina E.V. ,   Russian University of Transport (MIIT)
Published: July 2024

The article studies the features of the communicative gestalt situation in order to increase the effectiveness of teaching English speaking at a non-linguistic university. The main and particular functions of communicative gestalt and the need to take into account eight modalities of perception when organizing educational gestalt situations are highlighted. The authors come to the conclusion that such an approach will help to overcome the language barrier and make teaching a foreign language more effective. An example of organizing a communicative gestalt situation “Winners of the “Intelligent Transport Systems of Russia” Award” is considered.
 Mimosa caesalpiniifolia Benth.: descrição dendrológica ilustrada parafacilitar a identificação in situ
Authors: Nóbrega Edyla , Pereira Júlia , Gustavo Rhonan , De Brito Matheus , Henrique Carlos , Deisy Cheila
Published: July 2024

As florestas tropicais secas possuem uma vasta diversidade de espécies arbóreas nativas, fator importante para biodiversidade, porém limitante para identificação dessas espécies em in situ. Desta forma, torna-se necessário o uso de métodos de identificação que auxiliem o trabalho em campo, de forma prática. Diante do exposto, este estudo teve como objetivo descrever e ilustrar as características macromorfológicas da espécie M. caesalpiniifolia. Para isso, foram selecionados 15 indivíduos adultos e avaliados quanto a morfologia e dendrometricamente (altura e CAP) e ilustrados na forma de pranchas, para a descrição quanto a morfologia e biometria da casca, folhas, flores, frutos e sementes. A M.caesalpiniifolia é uma arvore de pequeno porte; com copa indefinida; contém folhas alternas dísticas, folíolos e foliólulos opostos, acúleos na raque do folíolo; inflorescência do tipo espiga e flores de cor branco esverdeadas; frutos simples, seco, do tipo craspédio; sementes na corverde ao marrom. Ocorre variação em sua biometria, nas estruturas reprodutivas. O fruto pode ser considerado importante para a identificação em campo, por ser uma característica relacionada família Fabaceae. Mas no período seco na ausência de estruturas reprodutivas, o desprendimento da casca morta em tiras, pode ser uma característica diagnostica eficiente de visualização in situ.
Análise dos custos dos combustíveis para o Rio Grande do Norte praticados de 2013 a 2022
Authors: Guimarães Pompeu Paes , De Sousa Lima Ana Paula , Alves Nobrega Edyla Maria , Carmo Flavio , Alves Ana Beatriz , Barreto de Araújo Felipe Loan
Published: July 2024

O aumento no custo dos combustíveis acarreta a uma elevação nos custos dos produtos transportados. O objetivo do resumo foi avaliar se o aumento nos custos de combustíveis para o Rio Grande do Norte foi compatível com o salário mínimo vigente, no período de 2013 a 2022. Os combustíveis avaliados foram etanol, gasolina comum, óleo diesel, gás liquefeito de petróleo (GLP), e gás natural veicular (GNV). Os custos dos combustíveis foram adquiridos de dados secundários do levantamento de preços de combustíveis e compilados no período de 2013 a 2022. Para base de comparação foram compilados os valores relativos aos salários mínimos brasileiros no período de 2013 a 2022. Todos os combustíveis apresentaram aumento no valor dos mesmos, tendo a maior variação para óleo diesel, GLP e GNV, com coeficiente de variação acima dos 30%. Todos os combustíveis avaliados tiveram uma taxa de crescimento composta acima de 8 pontos percentuais, já o salário mínimo apresentou taxa de crescimento acima de 6 pontos percentuais. Assim, de forma clara, o aumento no salário mínimo proposto de 2013 a 2022 não acompanhou a elevação dos preços nos combustíveis utilizados no RN.
Influence of finger joint length on the elastic modulus of reconstituted wood from Pinus taeda L.
Authors: Lins Tarcila Rosa da Silva , Cardoso Silva Thiago , Carvalho Douglas Edson , Rocha Márcio Pereira da
Published: July 2024

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of three finger joint splice lengths on the dynamic modulus of elasticity of pieces of reconstituted wood from Pinus taeda L. Wooden specimens had finger joint splices of 5, 7 and 15 mm in length and were evaluated using the Stress Wave Time equipment, to analyze the wave propagation speed and dynamic modulus of elasticity, as well as the density of the pieces. As a result, increasing the finger joint’s length did not reduce the wave propagation speed through the wooden specimen. On the other hand, there was a reduction in the strength of the spliced wood as the much as the length of the finger joint increased. The density of the material may have influenced the reduction in the modulus of elasticity, even if it did not interfere with the wave propagation speed through the specimen.
La Adecuación de Colombia a las Normas Internacionales Del Trabajo en el Proyecto de Reforma Laboral
Authors: Torres Martínez Jenny Esperanza
Published: July 2024

En una noción de pluralismo constitucional donde convergen varios ordenes normativos que interaccionan recíprocamente, de esta manera tenemos algo denominado en términos de Robert Alexy como la irradiación del texto constitucional a todo el ordenamiento jurídico, pero el concepto de Constitución que se asume es amplio, de acuerdo al artículo 93 constitucional, integrando las normas sobre derechos humanos y en este texto presentaremos los derechos laborales como parte de este engranaje en el Sistema de la Organización Internacional del Trabajo y del Sistema Interamericano de Protección de Derechos Humanos reconocidas como Normas Internacionales del Trabajo y parte del bloque de constitucionalidad con su respectiva incidencia en el texto de reforma legal en materia laboral que cursa en el Congreso.
La atomización sindical en el Ordenamiento Jurídico Colombiano: Necesidad de una corrección constitucional
Authors: Padilla Carvajal Manuel Santiago
Published: July 2024

El presente artículo de reflexión tiene por objeto en primera medida plasmar la importancia del principio fundamental y derecho humano laboral a la libertad sindical. Luego, describir grosso modo el contexto colombiano frente a la libertad sindical y los distintos factores que han incidido directamente en la baja tasa de sindicalización, especialmente lo relacionado con la regulación normativa y las instituciones jurídicas del derecho del trabajo colectivo colombiano; para finalmente, a modo de reflexión proponer posibles cambios que promuevan la libertad y la unidad sindicales, con el fin de lograr una justicia social, en el marco de un Estado Social de Derecho.
Reseña del Libro “Derecho Administrativo Sancionador. Parte General”
Authors: Delgadillo López Alfredo
Published: July 2024

Si se va a dedicar su tiempo a una lectura, es porque la inversión seguramente le va a generar un impacto de reflexión y sensibilidad deseado al lector. Así, si un jurista lector enfoca sus recortadas horas a un trabajo de ciencia jurídica, lo esperado es que la obra le aporte conocimientos de calidad y le incentive al análisis del derecho en aras de perfeccionar la regulación de una sociedad oscilante.
Transición energética justa, derechos socio territoriales y culturales en comunidades étnicas en La Guajira, Colombia
Authors: Palmarrosa Bruges Carmen Tereza
Published: July 2024

La Guajira, con una superficie cercana a los 25.000 km2, bañada por el mar Caribe, rica además en recursos naturales, como el carbón, el gas, el viento, la sal y un amplio territorio étnico y ancestral, con población indígena y negra, quienes milenariamente han habitado los territorios que componen la alta y media Guajira, donde además se han implementado proyectos minero energéticos que en vez de reconocer la permanencia de la identidad cultural, transgreden derechos socio territoriales establecidos en los convenios internacionales que hacen parte del bloque de constitucionalidad, y la obligación del estricto cumplimiento por parte del Estado y las multinacionales, de preservar y garantizar la defensa de la diversidad étnica y la defensa de los grupos minoritarios. (Neira,2014)
Review of the Religious, Socio-Political Situation in the Ghajar Period of the Late 19th ‒ early 20th Century: Example of Zein al-Abidin Marag
Authors: Farhadov Ali
Published: July 2024

Z. Maragai is one of the outstanding writers and educators, brought up by the peoples of Iran and Azerbaijan. Z. Maragai was a follower of M.F. Akhundov in Iran in the fight against despotism, exploitation, ignorance and fanaticism. His work “The Travel of Ibrahim Bek” became widely popular in the Muslim world and was reprinted many times. This work describes in detail the reasons for the constitutional revolution in Iran.
Activities of Rural Correspondents and Their Role in the Life of the Soviet Country of the 1920s
Authors: Kulachkov Vadim , Bezgin Vladimir , Nikolashin Vadim , Erin Pavel , Gatilov Eduard
Published: July 2024

The article examines the activities of rural correspondents and their role in the life of the Soviet country of the 1920s. During the period under study, the movement of workers and rural correspondents was actively developing, which was associated with the elimination of illiteracy, the activation of educational institutions and the dissemination of mass media in the village. In modern historiography, in general, there is an opinion that rural correspondents have played a positive role in establishing links between authorities and the population. However, the involvement of new materials, including mass media, will contribute to the expansion and addition of already known facts on this topic.
State of Research on the Foreign Policy of the Republic of Kazakhstan in Western European Countries
Authors: Medeubayeva Zhanar , Tashtemkhanova Raikhan , Aitmagambetov Duman , Zhanbulatova Raikhan , Kenzhalina Gulsum
Published: July 2024

The purpose of this article is to analyze the state of research on the foreign policy of the Republic of Kazakhstan in such Western European countries as Great Britain, Germany and France. The authors studied the works of British, German and French specialists on Central Asia, in particular, on Kazakhstan (the method of an expert survey was partially used), devoted to various aspects of Kazakhstan’s foreign policy. It is concluded that there have been significant shifts in Western European historiography towards the recognition of the Republic’s potential as a regional actor.
Research of the Development of Russian Folk Musical Culture in Xinjiang
Authors: Hui Yu , Eryong Li
Published: July 2024

The article describes the cultural identity of musical culture of the ethnic Russians through analysis the evolution of Russian musical culture in China with the aim to proposing a self-preservation strategy that can be used as a guideline for the confronting the crisis of cultural homogenization in the course of economic globalization, and searching for new ways to build a system of symbiosis of ethnic musical cultures.
Confessional Situation in Ethiopia: the Growing Influence of Islam
Authors: Kassae Nigusie , Morozova Nadezhda
Published: July 2024

The article provides a brief historical overview of Islam in Ethiopia, its position in the empire before 1974 and its relationship with Christianity, as well as the changes that took place under the communist regime of Mengistu and after its overthrow in 1991. This work is also devoted to the current place of Islam in Ethiopia, the Christian-Muslim dialogue and the main directions of the spread of Muslim ideology in the country.
A Fuzzy Decision Support System for Risk Prioritization in Fine Kinney-based Occupational Risk Analysis
Authors: Chen Yu ,   School of Economics and Management, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241002, Anhui, China, Yu Xinyue , Yang Zhengyan ,   School of Economics and Management, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241002, Anhui, China,   School of Economics and Management, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241002, Anhui, China
Published: July 2024

Analyzing Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) risks requires prioritizing risk, a vital step in hazard and effect analysis (HEA). Currently, there is no existing approach to determine the priority of risk in HEA-based occupational risk analysis that incorporates interactive risk factors and spherical fuzzy risk information. This paper presents a novel approach to address the constraints by introducing a fresh framework for evaluating job-related hazards using HEA by combining the spherical fuzzy set (SFS), the multi-attributive border approximation area comparison (MABAC) technique, and the Ordered Weighted Averaging (OWA) operator, a more sophisticated approach is achieved within this framework. The SFS is utilized in this framework to depict the more ambiguous and unsure data given by specialists, offering a more efficient approach to handling the fuzzy risk information, encompassing the non-membership degree and hesitation. In addition, an advanced MABAC method is used to prioritize occupational risk. Afterward, we provide a practical instance of utilizing the MABAC technical-oriented risk prioritization approach for evaluating potential occupational dangers in risk analysis.