bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
¿Nuevos patrones de investigación? Dinámicas de apertura y cierre en el proceso de integración socio-técnica
Authors: Eizagirre Andoni
Published: December 2019

La formulación de las políticas de investigación y desarrollo está siendo transformada de manera novedosa en los documentos más recientes que se elaboran en Europa. Una de las peculiaridades es que los patrones de investigación transitan hacia prácticas científico-tecnológicas más interactivas entre los distintos actores de la sociedad. Así, como respuesta a la naturaleza compleja de la investigación las primeras medidas se revelan en aquellas estrategias para la promoción de actitudes emprendedoras y colaborativas entre los actores académico-empresariales de la investigación y el desarrollo. A estas iniciativas se superponen otros planteamientos que trascienden el objetivo primariamente economicista de la colaboración e integran los aspectos sociales y éticos en la investigación y el desarrollo. Sin embargo, estas transformaciones también están sujetas a diversas tensiones de base y a objetivos concurrentes. El artículo dilucida estas dinámicas de apertura-y-cierre y manifiesta que algunas de las relaciones y demandas se muestran más resistentes al cambio.
Reflecting worlds: noción de mundo transmedia aplicada al género documental
Authors: De la Torre-Espinosa Mario
Published: December 2019

Este trabajo parte de la concepción de la narrativa transmedia por parte de Henry Jenkins como el arte de making worlds, de construir mundos de ficción, para extender los fundamentos teóricos de esta definición al género documental. Si Bill Nichols indica que este género de no ficción tiene per se un gran poder persuasivo -por la naturaleza icónica de sus imágenes y sonidos y por el efecto psicológico de verosimilitud que suscita en el público-, aquí defendemos que este carácter se potencia por medio de la narrativa transmedia. La inmersión, la extrabilidad y la performatividad de este tipo de narrativa lleva a la participación activa del usuario en el mundo transmedia, que coincide con su propio mundo, el real. Por esa razón numerosos proyectos activistas han visto en el documental transmedia una oportunidad tanto para el ejercicio del pensamiento crítico como para el cambio social.
Desarrollo del debate teórico en torno al nacionalismo y la nación a través del esquema kuhniano
Authors: Reyes Pascual Guillermo
Published: December 2019

Mucho se ha escrito para analizar y dar sentido a dos términos que vienen intrínsecamente unidos, el nacionalismo y la nación. La principal consecuencia positiva de esto ha sido un vasto debate teórico sobre el nacionalismo y la nación que indudablemente los enriquece. La principal consecuencia negativa, por su parte, es que el desarrollo del propio debate, y cómo se ha ido formando, ha recibido poca atención. El objetivo de este artículo es exponer cómo este debate se ha sido desarrollado alrededor de los cuatros paradigmas clásicos del nacionalismo. Para ello, se aplica el esquema kuhniano para saber cuándo, cómo, y por qué se articularon estos paradigmas clásicos en torno a estos dos términos. Con esto se pretende profundizar en la explicación histórica de Moreno Almendral (2015), pero desde la filosofía de la ciencia, desarrollando una visión mucho más detallada del debate en torno al nacionalismo y la nación.
Dinámicas urbanas y turistificación en el barrio de Alfama (Lisboa): una aproximación a los condicionantes históricos y políticos en el proceso de Airbnbización
Authors: Nofre Jordi , Sequera Jorge
Published: December 2019

Como respuesta a la Gran Recesión (2008-2014) y la consecuente crisis del sistema financiero y de producción nacional, la administración portuguesa adoptó a inicios de esta década el turismo y la rehabilitación urbana como nuevos sectores fundamentales para superar los diferentes impactos socioeconómicos derivados de esta última crisis. Ello ha conllevado procesos de fuerte transformación urbana y social de los barrios históricos de Lisboa. El barrio de Alfama, en el centro de la capital lusa, se ha visto recientemente transformado en una nueva arena financiera glocal para la ejecución de operaciones de especulación inmobiliaria de inversores locales y transnacionales. Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar la reciente expansión de la turistificación en el Alfama y cómo este nuevo proceso urbano ha interrumpido defacto los procesos de gentrificación y estudentificación iniciados desde finales de los 90s e inicios de la década pasada. En su parte final, el artículo sugiere que la rápida e intensa turistificación y Airbnbización del barrio de Alfama constituye actualmente una de las formas más agresivas de acumulación por desposesión (simbólica y material) y desplazamiento espacial afectando no solamente las clases populares sino también a los primeros gentrificadores del barrio.
La facultad de Teología de la Universidad de Alcalá: visitas y estado de cátedras entre 1524 y 1545
Authors: Gómez García Gonzalo
Published: December 2019

Cisneros dejó establecidas las visitas de cátedras en las constituciones fundacionales de la Universidad de Alcalá como mecanismos para controlar y mejorar la calidad docente. Por ello, nos proponemos analizar las actas de las visitas conservadas desde 1524 hasta 1545 para conocer el estado de las regencias y el pulso estudiantil de la Facultad de Teología en los primeros años desde la muerte del fundador. Pero también estableceremos las relaciones de poder generadas en la jerarquía de la facultad con agentes internos y externos a la universidad, cuya principal consecuencia será el bajo interés que suscitó la teología complutense antes de Trento.
Gestión del patrimonio agrícola eclesiástico a través de los arrendamientos en la Sevilla de los siglos XVI y XVII (1570-1620). el convento de Santa Clara de Carmona
Authors: Carpio Elías Juan
Published: December 2019

Este trabajo pretende abordar la gestión de los abundantes bienes rústicos del clero. Partimos de la base de que se sigue una línea de actuación que proporciona rentabilidad y seguridad. La investigación emplea documentación notarial y específicamente eclesiástica de Sevilla y Carmona en los siglos XVI y XVII. Dentro de la heterogeneidad del clero, analizamos un caso, el del convento de Santa Clara de Carmona. El estudio confirma la eficiencia del clero sevillano en la administración de sus patrimonios rústicos siguiendo el sistema de explotación predominante en la época: los arrendamientos.
Desarrollo de la provincia eclesiástica de Lima 1599-1800, focalizado en la relación metrópolis y diócesis periféricas, en las Relaciones de visita ad limina apostolorumt
Authors: Camus Ibacache Misael
Published: December 2019

La investigación ofrece una visión sobre el desarrollo de la provincia eclesiástica de Lima, subrayando las diócesis periféricas, esto es, Quito, Arequipa, Santiago de Chile. El estudio demuestra como el atributo de la autonomía y el carácter colegial del perfil del obispo, permitieron que las diócesis periféricas de esta provincia eclesiástica resolvieran los desafíos de la maduración y consolidación de las estructuras eclesiales con mejores eficiencias. Estos procesos se fortalecieron con la recepción del Concilio de Trento en las Leyes Patronales, en especial aquellas de reforma, como la residencia y la visita pastoral del obispo, sea la fundación de seminarios como la celebración de sínodos diocesanos o concilios provinciales. Estos aspectos han sido individualizados en las relaciones de la visita ad limina Apostolorum, que los obispos enviaron a Roma, cada diez años, según la norma creada por Sixto V en 1585.
Las cartas de música en la correspondencia general de la catedral de Cuenca (1619-1697): una aproximación descriptiva al contenido
Authors: Fuente Charfolé José Luis de la
Published: December 2019

El Archivo de la catedral de Cuenca conserva un abundante y riquísimo fondo epistolar, con documentación de gran interés —en su mayoría inédita— no solo para la historia de la institución, también para la investigación relacionada con otras áreas, como la música litúrgica y las personas y oficios encargados de su organización y ejecución. El objetivo del artículo es facilitar al lector una primera descripción de los documentos de índole musical dirigidos al cabildo conquense a lo largo del siglo XVII, la mayoría firmados por nombres señeros de la música española. Esta documentación deja al descubierto la amplitud y complejidad de interacciones, intereses diversos e influencias que rodeaban la gestión de la actividad musical catedralicia.
La prensa religiosa en Argentina y México como herramienta moderna de la reforma ultramontana. 1840-1870
Authors: Martínez Ignacio
Published: December 2019

Se estudian rasgos comunes de periódicos religiosos de México y Argentina editados entre las décadas de 1840 y 1870. En la primera sección se señalan indicadores de modernización en las formas y el contenido de los periódicos analizados que dan cuenta de una adaptación a los hábitos de lectura y la sensibilidad religiosa de un público nuevo. En la segunda se identifican las notas donde sus redactores abogan por una salida ultramontana en la disputa interna sobre las formas de autoridad de la Iglesia y su relación con el poder temporal.
Mathematical HOTS Cultivation via Online Learning Environment and 5E Inquiry Model: Cognitive Impact and the Learning Activities
Authors: Ramlee Noraini , Rosli Mohd Shafie , Saleh Nor Shela
Published: December 2019

An ideal education is the one that enhance cognitive ability. In Malaysia, educators are currently putting enormous effort to uplift higher order think-ing skills (HOTS) among students at various educational levels. The ad-vancement of technology enables educators to apply online learning envi-ronment to further catalyze the effort. Integration of correct pedagogy is es-sential, 5E inquiry model by Bybee was implemented to 5E online learning environment – a learning environment developed for this research. The pur-pose of this research is to enhance HOTS among the samples. Thus, the cog-nitive impact of the learning environment was studied. The current gap of the learning activities that improve HOTS was addressed by probing into the activities done by samples. Samples are thirty-three secondary school students and had treatment with the learning environment for 4 weeks. T-test conducted found that samples’ HOTS statistically significant higher af-ter treatment compared to prior to the treatment, t (32) = - 20.95, p < 0.05 that indicates the treatment improve samples’ HOTS. The learning activities that materialize HOTS improvement is engaging learning module and HOTS related video. This research proves that human HOTS ability can be nur-tured by using technology enhanced learning environment with the appro-priate pedagogical approach. Deeper fundamental research regarding the pro-cess of learning that nurture HOTS is highly recommended in the future – one of the authors is currently working on.
Implication of Active Learning Techniques in Learning Thermodynamics Energy Conversion using BLOSSOMS Thermodynamics Energy Conversion Video towards Engineering Undergraduates Performance
Authors: Wan Mohd Zawawi Wan Akmal Izzati , Mohd Yusof Khairiyah , Jumari Nur Fazirah , Azmi Nor Azlinda , Tengku Malim Busu Tengku Nur Zulaikha
Published: December 2019

Utilization of BLOSSOMS Thermodynamics Energy Conversion video to properly incorporate active learning techniques had been shown to increase the students’ performance in learning introductory Thermodynamics topics. In this study, the effectiveness of using BLOSSOMS Thermodynamics Energy Conver-sion video towards students’ learning in a classroom when adopted by lecturers who is not trained in active learning is investigated. Two groups of undergraduate engineering students from a control class and a treatment class were involved in this study. The students from the treatment class were taught by a lecturer using the BLOSSOMS Thermodynamics Energy Conversion video, while the students from control class underwent conventional lecture style. The students were given pre and post inventory tests and their results were analysed using SPSS. It was found that BLOSSOMS Thermodynamics Energy Conversion video without the proper implementation of active learning technique does not have a significant ef-fect on the individual learning gain of the inventory test among students. The uti-lization of the video could be more effective if the instructor is well-trained in ac-tive learning techniques.
Sequence to Sequence Model Performance for Education Chatbot
Authors: Palasundram Kulothunkan , Mohd Sharef Nurfadhlina , Nasharuddin Nurul Amelina , Kasmiran Khairul Azhar , Azman Azreen
Published: December 2019

Chatbot for education has great potential to complement human educators and education administrators. For example, it can be around the clock tutor to answer and clarify any questions from students who may have missed class. A chatbot can be implemented either by ruled based or artificial intel-ligence based. However, unlike the ruled-based chatbots, artificial intelli-gence based chatbots can learn and become smarter overtime and is more scalable and has become the popular choice for chatbot researchers recently. Recurrent Neural Network based Sequence-to-sequence (Seq2Seq) model is one of the most commonly researched model to implement artificial intelli-gence chatbot and has shown great progress since its introduction in 2014. However, it is still in infancy and has not been applied widely in educational chatbot development. Introduced originally for neural machine translation, the Seq2Seq model has been adapted for conversation modelling including question-answering chatbots. However, in-depth research and analysis of op-timal settings of the various components of Seq2Seq model for natural an-swer generation problem is very limited. Additionally, there has been no ex-periments and analysis conducted to understand how Seq2Seq model handles variations is questions posed to it to generate correct answers. Our experi-ments add to the empirical evaluations on Seq2Seq literature and provides insights to these questions. Additionally, we provide insights on how a cu-rated dataset can be developed and questions designed to train and test the performance of a Seq2Seq based question-answer model.
Phishing Detection Based on Machine Learning and Feature Selection Methods
Authors: Almseidin Mohammad , Abu Zuraiq AlMaha , Al-kasassbeh Mouhammd , Alnidami Nidal
Published: December 2019

With increasing technology developments, the Internet has become everywhere and accessible by everyone. There are a considerable number of web-pages with different benefits. Despite this enormous number, not all of these sites are legitimate. There are so-called phishing sites that deceive users into serving their interests. This paper dealt with this problem using machine learning algorithms in addition to employing a novel dataset that related to phishing detection, which contains 5000 legitimate web-pages and 5000 phishing ones. In order to obtain the best results, various machine learning algorithms were tested. Then J48, Random forest, and Multilayer perceptron were chosen. Different feature selection tools were employed to the dataset in order to improve the efficiency of the models. The best result of the experiment achieved by utilizing 20 features out of 48 features and applying it to Random forest algorithm. The accuracy was 98.11%.
Kwiha (Tigray, Ethiopia): the Aksumite city
Authors: Breton Jean-François , Ayele Yohannes Aytenew
Published: December 2019

Kwiha, à une dizaine de kilomètres à l’est de Mekelle, capitale de l’État régional du Tigray, a été occupé de façon discontinue entre le iiie millénaire avant notre ère et la période contemporaine (Barnett 1999 : 135-138). Un abri sous roche, fouillé dans les années quarante, aurait été le lieu de productions d’obsidienne, puis de céramique, du iiie au ie millénaire. Kiwa et ses environs furent ensuite occupés pendant la période aksoumite, et peut-être déjà à la période pré-aksoumite, jusqu’à son déclin au viie siècle de notre ère. Kwiha, situé sur la route commerciale menant aux mines de sel de la dépression de l’Afar, était probablement un marché de sel très ancien, où les communautés musulmanes vivaient aux côtés des chrétiennes. Du cimetière musulman proviennent un nombre important de stèles islamiques portant des inscriptions arabes allant du xe au xiiie siècle. Suite à un amendement au protocole d’accord conclu avec le Centre français d’études éthiopiennes (CFEE), les chercheurs de l’université de Mekelle ont lancé un programme de recherche interdisciplinaire à long terme à Kwiha. Cette étude préliminaire avait pour objectif une évaluation provisoire de l’occupation du site et du territoire antique de Kwiha, de ses ressources naturelles et de l’utilisation des sols. Une collecte systématique de la céramique de surface à Kwiha et dans ses environs a été réalisée entre 2014 à 2017 et cet article en fait l’étude préliminaire.
Autels en pierre des « lieux de Dieu » tsu’Ssi à Bansoa (Cameroun) : entre art des environnements sacrés et dépôts picturaux rituels
Authors: Tchandeu Narcisse Santores , Kengné Willy Valdès , Fokam Noulé Willy-Yannick
Published: December 2019

Absente des études sur les structures en pierre du Cameroun, la chefferie de Bansoa, au centre du plateau bamiléké, vient de révéler l’une des plus grandes concentrations de pierres dressées et de cairns du Grassland. Elle semble être le reflet de l’enracinement ancien d’une pratique culturelle pérennisée par un peuplement dense, à l’origine d’un marquage systématique de l’espace à travers la multiplication des « lieux de Dieu » tsu’Ssi, conservatoires des écosystèmes sacralisés. Au cœur de ce patrimoine, se trouve la figure mythique du kam’Ssi, sorte de prêtre dont les processions rituelles chargent les autels de pierres de dépôts picturaux aussi symboliques que sensoriels. Ce rapport de l’objet d’étude à une ethnologie encore bien vivante permet d’apprécier celui-ci dans toutes ses composantes et eu égard à l’histoire générale des structures en pierre de la région.
Les Schwarz-Bart en Allemagne : sur quelques illustrations de couverture des traductions en allemand
Authors: Gyssels Kathleen
Published: December 2019

Les romans d’André et de Simone Schwarz-Bart ont été bien traduits et par les meilleurs traducteurs. Que ce soit les romans d’André (La Mulâtresse Solitude étant traduit par Ralph Mannheim, L’Étoile du matin par Julie Rose, deux experts que nous suivons depuis de longues années) ou encore Le Dernier des Justes (Stephen Becker) pour l’anglais, ou Ti Jean L’Horizon et Pluie et vent tous deux traduits par Barbara Bray (la compagne de Samuel Beckett dont on attend toujours la biographie qui nous élucidera sur le rapport de Beckett avec notre auteur, tous deux ayant fréquenté le Moulin d’Andé, Gyssels sous presse dans Il Tolomeo), les romans ont bénéficié aussi d’un éclat outre-Rhin. Partant des couvertures choisies pour les traductions dans la langue de Goethe et de leurs quatrièmes de couverture, je me penche ici sur des glissements se produisant tant au niveau du contenu que du profil des auteurs. Le plus grand « défaut » qu’on ait pu trouver est cependant une traduction en norvégien, illustré par ce qui passe pour une caricature antisémite. C’est en nous interrogeant sur l’élément paratextuel de la maquette et du texte promotionnel l’accompagnant que j’appelle à la vigilance pour la [ré-]édition, voire l’édition et la gestion des romans et des inédits schwarz-bartiens.
Le Miraculé de Saint-Pierre : de Cyparis à Chocolat, ou le Noir comme « spectacle »
Authors: Gyssels Kathleen
Published: December 2019

Dans Le miraculé de Saint-Pierre, Gaston-Paul Effa exhume une histoire antillaise mal connue : la survie et les tribulations du rescapé de l’éruption du Mont Pelée qui fit plus de 30 000 morts, en 1902. L’auteur afropéen restitue la vie tragique d’un des rares rescapés du drame, Cyparis.À travers son personnage, l’auteur donne à réfléchir sur l’étrange attraction qu’éprouve l’homme pour son semblable souffrant, démuni, mis en scène dans des kermesses, des cirques des zoos humains. Mêlant fiction et réalité historique, il campe une de ses lectrices qui lui reproche certaines imperfections dans son roman précédent. Dans Rendez-vous avec l’heure qui blesse, Gaston-Paul Effa s’était notamment penché sur un autre personnage fort inconnu jusqu’alors des lecteurs antillais et francophones : Raphaël Elizé, maire d’origine martiniquaise déporté et mort à Buchenwald1. Ces reproches adressés par cette fan sont d’autant plus pris au sérieux qu’elle est l’arrière-petite-fille du prisonnier qui miraculeusement survit à l’incendie meurtrier qui raya la population de Saint-Pierre de la Martinique de la terre suite à l’éruption du volcan en 1902.
Colonization of benthic invertebrates on artificial and natural substrate in a Neotropical lotic environment in Southern Brazil
Authors: Camargo Nilce Svarcz Jungles de , Lehun Atsler Luana , Rosa Jonathan , Bueno-Krawczyk Ana Carolina de Deus
Published: December 2019

The objective of this research was to validate the colonization process on natural and artificial substrates by benthic invertebrates in a tropical stream in South Brazil. The samples were performed in July and August-2012, and 32 samplers were used, being 16 natural and 16 artificial substrates. In each sample, two replicas were taken for each substrate at the 2th, 4th, 7th, 14th, 21th 28th, 35th and 42th days of colonization. The organisms were identified to the lowest possible taxonomic level. In both substrates 3,070 benthic invertebrates were detected, of which 1,753 individuals were collected on the natural substrate, and 1,317 on the artificial substrate. From the identified taxa 8.5% were not dominant (Anacroneuria, Orthocladiinae, Tupiara, Smicridea, Baetodes, Tupiperla, Macrogynoplax, Gripopteryx, Cylloepus, Macrelmis, Microcylloepus, Hetaerina, Argia, Coryphaeschna, Atopsyche, Pomacea, Corydalus, Leptohyphes and Eccoptura), and 31.5% were dominant (Tanypodinae, Chironominae, and Paragripopteryx). The genus Simulium was very common, dominant and abundant, representing 65% of the collected individuals. No significant difference was found in the abundance and species composition between artificial and natural substrates. On the natural substrate, the higher colonization index was at the 35th day with 459 individuals, and the lowest was at the 14th day, with 87. On the artificial substrate the highest index was at the 42th day with 337 individuals, and the lowest was at the 4th day, with 85. Both natural and artificial substrates are efficient in characterizing the benthic community. In the evaluation of the ecological succession, it was not possible to observe a pattern that described the process, since the composition was nearly constant throughout the study period.
Secondary metabolites produced by endophytic fungi: novel antifungal activity of fumiquinone B
Authors: Grigoletto Diana Fortkamp , Correia Ana Maria Lima , Abraham Wolf-Rainer , Rodrigues Andre , Assis Marco Antonio , Ferreira Antonio Gilberto , Massaroli Michelli , Lira Simone Possedente de
Published: December 2019

Fungi are present in the most diverse environments including the interior of plant tissues, living as endophytes without causing apparent damage. These endophytes are producers of secondary metabolites, also known as natural products, such as fungicides. Here, we evaluated the ethyl acetate fractions obtained from endophytic fungi isolated from plants in the genus Begonia. The fractions were submitted to inhibitory test against the plant pathogens Diaporthe phaseolorum and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. From the 88 ethyl acetate fractions evaluated, 14.7 % inhibited C. gloeosporioides and 11.3 % inhibited D. phaseolorum. One fungal isolate displaying an active fraction was selected for chemical investigation. The fungus identified as Neopestalotiopsis sp., produced a compound that was active against D. phaseolorum, with a MIC of 312 µg mL-1 (1,695.3 µM). The compound was identified by mass spectrometry and 1H NMR as the known compound fumiquinone B. The results highlight that the endophytes are capable of producing compounds that may be used to control plant pathogens. The compound fumiquinone B is reported for the first time as an antifungal agent against D. phaseolorum, a relevant plant pathogen worldwide. This is also the first report of the production of fumiquinone B by the genus Neopestalotiopsis.
Manuais de etiqueta e sua importância na formação das mulheres
Authors: Alves Gláucia da Rosa do Amaral , Becker Elsbeth Léia Spode
Published: December 2019

Este artigo é um recorte da dissertação de mestrado do programa de pós-graduação em Ensino de humanidade e Linguagens – UFN e procura traçar uma exposição panorâmica a respeito do processo civilizatório do Ocidente. Assim, a proposta centra-se em descrever como foram norteados os padrões de conduta e autocontrole que se tornaram requisitos fundamentais para a convivência em sociedade, e de que maneira a ideia de etiqueta e civilidade passou a ser requisito indispensável na vida das mulheres. A metodologia se caracteriza por ser de natureza qualitativa a partir de embasamento bibliográfico. Conclui-se que os manuais influenciaram na escolha e no modo de agir das mulheres, normatizando as relações de poder e gênero.
IL-9 Controls Central Nervous System Autoimmunity by Suppressing GM-CSF Production
Authors: Yoshimura Satoshi , Thome Rodolfo , Konno Shingo , Mari Elisabeth R. , Rasouli Javad , Hwang Daniel , Boehm Alexandra , Li Yanhua , Zhang Guang-Xian , Ciric Bogoljub , Rostami Abdolmohamad
Published: December 2019

Multiple sclerosis and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) are inflammatory diseases of the CNS in which Th17 cells play a major role in the disease pathogenesis. Th17 cells that secrete GM-CSF are pathogenic and drive inflammation of the CNS. IL-9 is a cytokine with pleiotropic functions, and it has been suggested that it controls the pathogenic inflammation mediated by Th17 cells, and IL-9R−/− mice develop more severe EAE compared with wild-type counterparts. However, the underlying mechanism by which IL-9 suppresses EAE has not been clearly defined. In this study, we investigated how IL-9 modulates EAE development. By using mice knockout for IL-9R, we show that more severe EAE in IL-9R−/− mice correlates with increased numbers of GM-CSF+ CD4+ T cells and inflammatory dendritic cells (DCs) in the CNS. Furthermore, DCs from IL-9R−/− mice induced more GM-CSF production by T cells and exacerbated EAE upon adoptive transfer than did wild-type DCs. Our results suggest that IL-9 reduces autoimmune neuroinflammation by suppressing GM-CSF production by CD4+ T cells through the modulation of DCs.
LYZ Matrices and SL() Contravariant Valuations on Polytopes
Authors: Ma Dan , Wang Wei
Published: December 2019

All SL($n$) contravariant symmetric matrix valued valuations on convex polytopes in$\mathbb{R}^{n}$are completely classified without any continuity assumptions. The general Lutwak–Yang–Zhang matrix is shown to be essentially the unique such valuation.
On rational cuspidal plane curves and the local cohomology of Jacobian rings
Authors: Dimca Alexandru
Published: December 2019

This note gives the complete projective classification of rational, cuspidal plane curves of degree at least 6, and having only weighted homogeneous singularities. It also sheds new light on some previous characterizations of free and nearly free curves in terms of Tjurina numbers. Finally, we suggest a stronger form of Terao’s conjecture on the freeness of a line arrangement being determined by its combinatorics.
Some analytic aspects of automorphic forms on GL(2) of minimal type
Authors: Hu Yueke , Nelson Paul D. , Saha Abhishek
Published: December 2019

Let

\pi

be a cuspidal automorphic representation of PGL

_2(\mathbb A_\mathbb Q)

of arithmetic conductor

C

and archimedean parameter

T

, and let

\phi

be an

L^2

-normalized automorphic form in the space of

\pi

. The sup-norm problem asks for bounds on

\| \phi \|_\infty

in terms of

C

and

T

. The quantum unique ergodicity (QUE) problem concerns the limiting behavior of the

L^2

-mass

|\phi|^2 (g) \, d g

of

\phi

. Previous work on these problems in the conductor-aspect has focused on the case that

\phi

is a newform.

In this work, we study these problems for a class of automorphic forms that are not newforms. Precisely, we assume that for each prime divisor

p

of

C

, the local component

\pi_p

is supercuspidal (and satisfies some additional technical hypotheses), and consider automorphic forms

\phi

for which the local components

\phi_p \in \pi_p

are "minimal" vectors. Such vectors may be understood as non-archimedean analogues of lowest weight vectors in holomorphic discrete series representations of PGL

_2(\mathbb{R})

.

For automorphic forms as above, we prove a sup-norm bound that is sharper than what is known in the newform case. In particular, if

\pi_\infty

is a holomorphic discrete series of lowest weight

k

, we obtain the optimal bound

C^{1/8 -\epsilon} k^{1/4 - \epsilon} \ll_{\epsilon} |\phi|_\infty \ll_{\epsilon} C^{1/8 + \epsilon} k^{1/4+\epsilon}

. We prove also that these forms give analytic test vectors for the QUE period, thereby demonstrating the equivalence between the strong QUE and the subconvexity problems for this class of vectors. This finding contrasts the known failure of this equivalence [31] for newforms of powerful level.
Middle dimensional symplectic rigidity and its effect on Hamiltonian PDEs
Authors: Bustillo Jaime
Published: December 2019

In the first part of the article we study Hamiltonian diffeomorphisms of

\mathbb R^{2n}

which are generated by sub-quadratic Hamiltonians and prove a middle dimensional rigidity result for the image of coisotropic cylinders. The tools that we use are Viterbo’s symplectic capacities and a series of inequalities coming from their relation with symplectic reduction. In the second part we consider the nonlinear string equation and treat it as an infinite-dimensional Hamiltonian system. In this context we are able to apply Kuksin’s approximation by finite dimensional Hamiltonian flows and prove a PDE version of the rigidity result for coisotropic cylinders. As a particular example, this result can be applied to the sine-Gordon equation.
Characterization of generic projective space bundles and algebraicity of foliations
Authors: Araujo Carolina , Druel Stéphane
Published: December 2019

In this paper we consider various notions of positivity for distributions on complex projective manifolds. We start by analyzing distributions having big slope with respect to curve classes, obtaining characterizations of generic projective space bundles in terms of movable curve classes. We then apply this result to investigate algebraicity of leaves of foliations, providing a lower bound for the algebraic rank of a foliation in terms of invariants measuring positivity. We classify foliations attaining this bound, and describe those whose algebraic rank slightly exceeds this bound.
Rigidity of Busemann convex Finsler metrics
Authors: Ivanov Sergei , Lytchak Alexander
Published: December 2019

We prove that a Finsler metric is nonpositively curved in the sense of Busemann if and only if it is affinely equivalent to a Riemannian metric of nonpositive sectional curvature. In other terms, such Finsler metrics are precisely Berwald metrics of nonpositive flag curvature. In particular in dimension 2 every such metric is Riemannian or locally isometric to that of a normed plane. In the course of the proof we obtain new characterizations of Berwald metrics in terms of the so-called linear parallel transport.
Lengths of closed geodesics on random surfaces of large genus
Authors: Mirzakhani Maryam , Petri Bram
Published: December 2019

We prove Poisson approximation results for the bottom part of the length spectrum of a random closed hyperbolic surface of large genus. Here, a random hyperbolic surface is a surface picked at random using the Weil–Petersson volume form on the corresponding moduli space. As an application of our result, we compute the large genus limit of the expected systole.
Phase field modelling of surfactants in multi-phase flow
Authors: Dunbar Oliver R.A. , Lam Kei Fong , Stinner Björn
Published: December 2019

A diffuse interface model for surfactants in multi-phase flow with three or more fluids is derived. A system of Cahn–Hilliard equations is coupled with a Navier-Stokes system and an advection-diffusion equation for the surfactant ensuring thermodynamic consistency. By an asymptotic analysis the model can be related to a moving boundary problem in the sharp interface limit, which is derived from first principles. Results from numerical simulations support the theoretical findings. The main novelties are centred around the conditions in the triple junctions where three fluids meet. Specifically the case of local chemical equilibrium with respect to the surfactant is considered, which allows for interfacial surfactant flow through the triple junctions.
Spectral inequality and resolvent estimate for the bi-Laplace operator
Authors: Le Rousseau Jérôme , Robbiano Luc
Published: December 2019

On a compact Riemannian manifold with boundary, we prove a spectral inequality for the bi-Laplace operator in the case of so-called “clamped” boundary conditions, that is, homogeneous Dirichlet and Neumann conditions simultaneously.We also prove a resolvent estimate for the generator of the damped plate semigroup associated with these boundary conditions. The spectral inequality allows one to observe finite sums of eigenfunctions for this fourth-order elliptic operator, from an arbitrary open subset of the manifold. Moreover, the constant that appears in the inequality grows as exp

(C \mu^{1/4})

where

\mu

is the largest eigenvalue associated with the eigenfunctions appearing in the sum. This type of inequality is known for the Laplace operator. As an application, we obtain a null-controllability result for a higher-order parabolic equation. The resolvent estimate provides the spectral behavior of the plate semigroup generator on the imaginary axis. This type of estimate is known in the case of the damped wave semigroup. As an application, we deduce a stabilization result for the damped plate equation, with a log-type decay.

The proofs of both the spectral inequality and the resolvent estimate are based on the derivation of different types of Carleman estimates for an elliptic operator related to the bi-Laplace operator, in the interior and at some boundaries. One of these estimates exhibits a loss of one full derivative. Its proof requires the introduction of an appropriate semi-classical calculus and a delicate microlocal argument.
Harish-Chandra's orthogonality relations for admissible representations
Authors: Huang Jing-Song , Miličić Dragan , Sun Binyong
Published: December 2019

We prove a generalization of Harish-Chandra’s character orthogonality relations for discrete series to arbitrary admissible representations for real reductive Lie groups. This result is an analogue of a conjecture by Kazhdan for p-adic reductive groups proved by Bezrukavnikov and by Schneider and Stuhler.
Slowenien als transkultureller Zwischenraum und antinationalistische Idee im Werk von Paula von Preradović
Authors: Lughofer Johann Georg
Published: December 2019

Die Verfasserin der österreichischen Bundeshymne Paula von Preradović wurde von Zeitgenossen als bedeutendste Lyrikerin des Landes wahrgenommen, ihr Gesamtwerk geriet aber nahezu in Vergessenheit. Die Enkelin des wichtigen südslawischen Dichters Petar Preradović wird nur in wenigen wissenschaftlichen Auseinandersetzungen bedacht, dann vor allem der Bezug ihres Werkes zu Kroatien und zu südslawischen Motiven sowie zu Österreich verhandelt. Die bedeutende Rolle des Landes »dazwischen« – nämlich Slowenien – in ihrem Oeuvre wurde aber noch nie anaylsiert, was dieser Beitrag leistet. Darüber hinaus wird damit eine aufschlussreiche, nicht unkundige Perspektive auf Slowenien des frühen 20. Jahrhunderts dargestellt.
Revisitando Victor Hugo para conhecer os trabalhadores do mar no século XXI
Authors: Silva Marcos Valle Machado da
Published: December 2019

No contexto do sesquicentenário da publicação do clássico Os trabalhadores do Mar, de Victor Hugo, o ensaio tem como objetivo evidenciar e analisar aqueles que trabalharam e trabalham no mar, respectivamente no século XIX e XXI, tendo como eixo analítico e comparativo as características das atividades laborais exercidas em ambos os períodos. O ensaio está estruturado em duas seções secundárias. Na primeira delas buscou-se evidenciar os trabalhadores do mar, nos séculos XIX e XXI. Na seção seguinte são analisadas e comparadas as características das atividades marítimas, nos dois períodos considerados, visando identificar as suas recorrências e singularidades. Ao longo da análise e da comparação efetuadas são também discutidas questões relativas à segurança, jornada de trabalho, afastamento familiar, condições de conforto e a presença de mulheres como parte das tripulações dos navios mercantes e de guerra.
Cyprus
Authors:   International Monetary Fund. European Dept.
Published: December 2019

Following a period of very rapid growth in the aftermath of
the crisis, growth is gradually settling in at a more sustainable but still relatively robust
pace despite the external slowdown. Output is projected to rise by around 3 percent in
2019–20, supported by construction and services sectors. Good progress has been
made in addressing domestic and external stability risks arising from legacies of the
financial crisis. Sales of non-performing loans (NPLs), amendments to the foreclosure
and insolvency framework and resolution of a large systemic bank have helped
strengthen bank balance sheets. Large fiscal surpluses have reduced risk premia to
historical lows and reduced financing risks. Nonetheless, vulnerabilities remain: political
pressure to unwind some of these reforms has recently escalated; NPLs in the banking
system and debt levels are still high; bank profitability remains low; and difficulties in
debt workouts and the resulting debt overhang weigh on productive investments.
Productivity growth has also been weak, reflecting financial sector difficulties as well as
a slower pace of technological diffusion and institutional inefficiencies.
21st-century Asian air pollution impacts glacier in northwestern Tibet
Authors: Sierra-Hernández M. Roxana , Beaudon Emilie , Gabrielli Paolo , Thompson Lonnie
Published: December 2019

Abstract. Over the last 4 decades, Asian countries have undergone substantial economic development, leading to rapid urbanization and industrialization. Consequently, fossil fuel consumption has risen dramatically, worsening the air quality in Asia. Fossil fuel combustion emits particulate matter containing toxic metals that can adversely affect living organisms, including humans. Thus, it is imperative to investigate the temporal and spatial extent of metal pollution in Asia. Recently, we reported a continuous and high-resolution 1650–1991 ice core record from the Guliya ice cap in northwestern Tibet, China, showing contamination of Cd, Pb, and Zn during the 20th century. Here, we present a new continuous and high-resolution ice core record of trace metals from the Guliya ice cap that comprises the years between 1971 and 2015, extending the 1650–1991 ice core record into the 21st century. Non-crustal Cd, Pb, Zn, and Ni enrichments increased have since the 1990s relative to the 1971–1990 period, reaching a maximum in 2008. The enrichments of Cd, Pb, Zn, and Ni increased by ∼75 %, 35 %, 30 %, and 10 %, respectively, during the 2000–2015 period relative to 1971–1990. The observed trace element (TE) enrichments likely originated primarily from fossil fuel combustion and biomass burning, with contributions from industrial processes and agricultural activities from South Asia (Pakistan, Afghanistan, India, and Nepal), Central Asia (Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan), and the Xinjiang province in western China. This new record demonstrates that the current emissions in Asia impact remote high-altitude glaciers in the region.
Multi-method determination of the below-cloud wet scavenging coefficients of aerosols in Beijing, China
Authors: Xu Danhui , Ge Baozhu , Chen Xueshun , Sun Yele , Cheng Nianliang , Li Mei , Pan Xiaole , Ma Zhiqiang , Pan Yuepeng , Wang Zifa
Published: December 2019

Abstract. Wet scavenging is one of the most efficient processes
for removing aerosols from the atmosphere. This process is not well
constrained in chemical transport models (CTMs) due to a paucity of
localized parameterization regarding the below-cloud wet scavenging coefficient
(BWSC). Here we conducted field measurements of the BWSC during the
Atmospheric Pollution and Human Health Beijing (APHH-Beijing) campaign of
2016. Notably, the observed BWSC values based on the updated aerosol mass
balance agree well with another estimation technique, and they fall in a
range of 10−5 s−1. The measurement in this winter campaign,
combined with that in summer of 2014, supported an exponential power
distribution of BWSCs with rainfall intensity. The observed parameters were
also compared with both the theoretical calculations and modeling results.
We found that the theoretical estimations can effectively characterize the
observed BWSCs of aerosols with sizes smaller than 0.2 µm and larger
than 2.5 µm. However, the theoretical estimations were an order of magnitude
lower than observed BWSCs within 0.2–2.5 µm, a domain size range of
urban aerosols. Such an underestimation of BWSC through a theoretical method
has been confirmed not only in APHH-Beijing campaign but also in all the
rainfall events in summer of 2014. Since the model calculations usually
originated from the theoretical estimations with simplified scheme, the
significantly lower BWSC could well explain the underprediction of wet
depositions in polluted regions as reported by the Model Inter-Comparison
Study for Asia (MICS-Asia) and the global assessment of the Task Force on
Hemispheric Transport of Atmospheric Pollutants (TF-HTAP). The findings
highlighted that the wet deposition module in the CTMs requires improvement
based on field measurement estimation to construct a more reasonable
simulation scheme for BWSC, especially in polluted regions.
Terrestrial ion escape and relevant circulation in space
Authors: Yamauchi Masatoshi
Published: December 2019

Abstract. Observations of the terrestrial ion escape to space and the transport of escaping ions in the magnetosphere are reviewed, with the main stress on subjects that were not covered in reviews over past 2 decades, during which Cluster has significantly improved our knowledge of them.
Here, outflowing ions from the ionosphere are classified in terms of energy rather than location: (1) as cold ions refilling the plasmasphere faster than Jeans escape, (2) as cold supersonic ions such as the polar wind, and (3) as suprathermal ions energized by wave–particle interaction or parallel potential acceleration, mainly starting from cold supersonic ions.
The majority of the suprathermal ions above the ionosphere become “hot” at high altitudes, with much higher velocity than the escape velocity even for heavy ions.
This makes heavy hot ions more abundant in the magnetosphere than heavy ions transported by cold refilling ions or cold supersonic flow. The immediate destination of these terrestrial ions varies from the plasmasphere, the inner magnetosphere including those entering the ionosphere in the other hemisphere and the tailward outer boundaries, the magnetotail, and the solar wind (magnetosheath, cusp, and plasma mantle).
Due to time-variable return from the magnetotail, ions with different routes and energy meet in the inner magnetosphere, making it a zoo of different types of ions in both energy and energy distribution.
While the mass-independent drift theory has successfully disentangled this zoo of ions, there are many poorly understood phenomena, e.g., mass-dependent energization.
Half of the heavy ions in this zoo also finally escape to space, mainly due to magnetopause shadowing (overshooting of ion drift beyond the magnetopause) and charge exchange near the mirror altitude where the exospheric neutral density is at its highest. The amount of heavy ions mixing directly with the solar wind is already the same as or larger than that entering into the magnetotail and is large enough to extract the solar wind kinetic energy in the cusp–plasma mantle through the mass-loading effect and drive the current system near the cusp independently of the global current system.
Considering the past solar and solar wind conditions, ion escape might even have influenced the evolution of the terrestrial biosphere.
Trees do not always act their age: size-deterministic tree ring standardization for long-term trend estimation in shade-tolerant trees
Authors: Dietrich Rachel , Anand Madhur
Published: December 2019

Abstract. With increasing awareness of the consequences of climate change for global
ecosystems, the focus and application of tree ring research have shifted to
reconstruction of long-term climate-related trends in tree growth.
Contemporary methods for estimating and removing biological growth trends
from tree ring series (standardization) are ill-adapted to shade-tolerant
species, leading to biases in the resultant chronologies. Further, many
methods, including regional curve standardization (RCS), encounter
significant limitations for species in which accurate age estimation is
difficult. In this study we present and test two tree ring standardization
models that integrate tree size in the year of ring formation into the
estimation of the biological growth trend. The first method, dubbed
size-deterministic standardization (SDS), uses tree diameter as the sole
predictor of the growth trend. The second method includes the combined
(COMB) effects of age and diameter. We show that both the SDS and COMB
methods reproduce long-term trends in simulated tree ring data better than
conventional methods; this result is consistent across multiple species.
Further, when applied to real tree ring data, the SDS and COMB models
reproduce long-term, time-related trends as reliably as traditional RCS and more reliably than other common standardization methods (i.e. C-method, basal area increments,
conservative detrending). We recommend the inclusion of tree size in the
year of ring formation in future tree ring standardization models,
particularly when dealing with shade-tolerant species, as it does not
compromise model accuracy and allows for the inclusion of unaged trees.