bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation and Correlation of Clinicopathological Parameters of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Gingivobuccal Sulcus with Lymph Node Status - A Retrospective Institutional Analysis in Navi Mumbai
Authors: Shegaonkar Akash , Patel Shilpa , Swain Niharika , Pathak Jigna , Hosalkar Rashmi , Waghmare Rutuj
Published: August 2021

BACKGROUND Mortality and Morbidity rates in the patients diagnosed with oral cancers remain static despite availability of advanced diagnostic and treatment modalities. For improving the survival status of the patients, a thorough understanding of the factors that predicts the progression of oral cancer is necessary to determine appropriate line of treatment. To do so in practise, critical knowledge regarding the prognostic factors that has high sensitivity holds immense importance. For determination of prognosis in oral cancer patients, clinical and histopathological parameters are widely used for assessment of treatment strategies. The primary objective of this study was to determine the clinical and histopathological prognostic factors in patients of oral squamous cell carcinoma of gingivobuccal sulcus (GBSSCC) treated by surgical intervention (neck dissection). METHODS Histopathological evaluation of archived samples of 60 GBSSCC patients which were treated by surgical intervention (Neck Dissection) in the time period from January 2011 to December 2020. Recurrent cases were excluded. Clinicopathological parameters such as age, sex, habit, tumour site, tumour size, tumour differentiation, depth of invasion, bone invasion, muscle invasion, perineural invasion & extracapsular spread were evaluated & then correlated with lymphnode status. RESULTS Among all the parameters, variables like habit (tobacco use) (P = 0.045), tumour size (P = 0.003), perineural invasion (P = 0.000) emerged as independent prognosticators and significantly correlated to the lymph node status of the patients. CONCLUSIONS This analysis suggests that habit, tumour size, perineural invasion to be consistent, easy to assess and reliable independent prognosticators which are significantly correlated to the lymph node status. To conclude, it is of paramount importance to include the aforementioned prognosticators in histopathological reports for the prediction of clinical outcome and archiving of valued data for future analysis. KEY WORDS Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Gingivobuccal sulcus, Lymph Node Status, ClinicoPathological Prognosticators
Seroprevalence of Enterically Transmitted Hepatitis Viruses in Patients Attending a Tertiary Care Hospital in Maharashtra, India
Authors: Sande Suvarna Vaibhav
Published: August 2021

BACKGROUND Hepatitis A & E viruses are enterically transmitted viruses responsible for acute viral hepatitis in developing countries. Hepatitis A virus (HAV) has worldwide distribution while hepatitis E virus (HEV) is restricted to tropical countries. HAV affects infants and young children while HEV affects older children and young adults. This study was conducted to determine the seroprevalence of HAV and HEV and their co-infection in patients presenting with acute viral hepatitis (AVH). METHODS 200 sera of patients suffering from suspected acute viral hepatitis (AVH) attending tertiary care rural hospital JNMC Sawangi, Wardha were included in the study. Serum samples were tested for IgM anti HAV and IgM anti - HEV for the detection of acute hepatitis A and acute hepatitis E using commercially available ELISA kit & Immunochromatography test (ICT) for comparison of ELISA and ICT. RESULTS The overall seroprevalence of HAV and HEV infection was found to be 19 %. The seroprevalence of HAV infection was found to be 13 %, HEV infection 5 % and HAV - HEV co - infection 1 %. HAV infection in males and females was found to be 16.07 % and 9.09 % respectively & HEV infection was found to be 5.35 % and 4.54 % respectively. In case of detection of HAV IgM, two serum samples were negative by ICT but positive by ELISA & for HEV IgM, one serum sample was negative by ICT but positive by ELISA. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of HAV IgM was found to be 96 %, 98.8 %, 92.30 % & 99.43 % and for HEV IgM was found to be 90 %, 99.47 %, 90 % & 99.47 % respectively. CONCLUSIONS It is evident from this study that infection with enteric hepatitis viruses is not infrequent. Findings from this study emphasize the need to establish regular seroepidemiological surveys to keep track of epidemiology of these viruses. Results from rapid tests are comparable to ELISA with additional advantage of ease of interpretation and neither time consuming nor requiring special instruments. KEY WORDS Hepatitis A, Hepatitis E, Seroprevalence
Nonsurgical Management of Periapical Lesion in Mandibular Incisors with 2 Canals - A Case Report
Authors: Sharma Shelly , Arora Anshul , Grewal Mandeep S. , Singla Mamta , Singh Lakshita
Published: August 2021

In-depth knowledge of the root canal system is a major prerequisite for successful endodontic treatment.1 The major aim of endodontic treatment is the eradication of infection and prevention of reinfection in canal. However endodontic treatment may fail because of incomplete knowledge about the anatomical variation of root canals. Most of the times the canal remains untreated because of the inability of the dentist to recognize its presence. For good prognosis of the root canal treatment, proper exploration, complete debridement, biomechanical preparation, and filling of root canal system must be done. Therefore, a dentist must be familiar with all the various possible canal configurations.2 Many times, failure of endodontic treatment may occur because the morphological variation of the tooth unfavourably affects the treatment. Pulpal inflammation can occur as a result of many factors like dental caries or trauma which causes tissue necrosis. Periapical tissue eradication develops in response to microbial accumulation and infiltration of their by-products in the periradicular tissues and activates host's immune reaction.3 The following case report presents the non-surgical management of mandibular central and lateral incisors, with each having two separate canals which join together to form a single canal just before exiting the apical foramen. Before starting root canal treatment, a careful radiographic examination should be done to detect the morphological variations in root canal anatomy. This paper describes two clinical cases of mandibular incisors with or without periapical lesion having two canals.
Infant Oral Health Care Concerning Education of Mothers – Part 1
Authors: Mopagar Vidyasagar , Kadali Lehya Mounica , Shetty Vikranth , Shetty Shridhar , Kodgi Venkatesh , Chaudhari Shantanu
Published: August 2021

Infant oral health is one of the most overlooked aspects when it comes to the oral well -being of a child because many do not consider it to be of much significance. This is generally due to the misconception that children do not have teeth during this phase which leads to the conclusion that focus could be on other developmental aspects. There is also a deficit in the education of parents and family members. Knowledge of mothers is of extreme importance because they need to be well aware that a child's first dental visit should be between 6 - 12 months of age to maximize the preventive potential of fluorides, health literacy and dietary modifications. Oral health, when integrated into primary medical care, can result in improved outcomes for children. A simple message of fluoride adequacy, dietary control of bottle use and sweet intake, oral hygiene, and regular dental visits cross professional barriers. This literature review aims to give mothers and family members access to information so that we can optimise the oral health of the infant. KEY WORDS Infant Oral Health, Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Mothers, Anticipatory Guidance, Early Childhood caries.
Inviabilidade no Afastamento da Interferência dos Próprios Usuários, no Processo de contratação de Serviços Públicos Continuados e outros Problemas afins / Inviability in the Removal of user Interference, in the Process of Hiring Continuous Public Services, and other Related Problems
Authors: Zaminhan Rogério Borba
Published: August 2021

De um modo geral, insta observar preocupação exclusivamente com auspícios legais, quanto à contratação dos serviços públicos, deixando de lado fatores fundamentais, em especial à qualidade e inexistindo possibilidade de participação da sociedade no processo de contratação de serviços públicos, mesmo os próprios usuários estão afastados do processo de contratação por parte do serviço público. A presente contextualização tem por finalidade evidenciar a preocupação segundaria no processo de contratação por parte do serviço público, em especial os serviços de natureza continuados, que são aqueles prestados cotidianamente, initerruptamente para população das comunidades “Municípios, Estados e Governo Federal”. Percebe-se que a estrutura das leis foram alçadas para verificação quanto enquadramento relativo à parte documental, muito pouco ou quase nada referente a qualificação propriamente dita. Embora de forma tímida exista sim previsão quanto a qualificação dos prestadores de serviços, visualizamos que estão sendo deixado de lado, quando comparadas com habilitação jurídica, fiscal, tributária e financeira. De um modo geral, às leis que tratam exclusivamente do departamento de compra dos setores público, leis de licitações, faço referência “Leis Federais Nº. 8.666 de 21 de junho de 1993” e “Lei Federal Nº. 10.520 de 19 de julho de 2002”, não estão defasadas/desajustadas, o que precisa de fato ser revisto é o posicionamento e entendimento dos aplicadores das mesmas, tanto quanto os órgãos de fiscalização. Nesse esteio, os maiores prejudicados são sem dúvida os usuários dos serviços, serviços esses que foram contratados sem parâmetro nenhum de qualidade “talvez insignificantes”, tão somente quem apresentou uma enorme lista de certidões e demais documentos alheios à qualidade do seu serviço. Por pior, nenhum objetivo é alcançado de verdade, preocupação exacerbada com legalidade, quando o País apresenta quadro jamais visto de corrupção, e por outro lado, usuários dos serviços mal atendidos por empresas apenas habilitadas documentalmente, não tendo efetiva qualificação para prestação dos serviços que foram contratadas.
Desafios Pedagógicos e Emocionais do Professor Frente à Pandemia da Covid-19 / Pedagogical and Emotional Challenges for theTeacher Facing the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Viana Maria Elisete Ribeiro Pinto , Miguel Joelson Rodrigues
Published: August 2021

Resumo: Em face à pandemia da Covid-19, a educação precisou reestruturar suas ações pedagógicas para continuar sua missão social, agora sobre o contexto de mediação online. Na linha de frente dessa reorganização está o professor, que abruptamente precisou se reinventar didaticamente e metodologicamente através da utilização de novas tecnologias como ferramenta de aporte. Esse novo formato educacional tem ocasionado ao professor diversos desafios. Dentre eles: desenvolver versatilidade tecnológica, transição entre o físico e o online; a variabilidade de condições de acesso à internet por parte dos alunos; apoio das famílias para manter a rotina pedagógica do educando, dentre outros. Esses desafios tem levado muitos professores à situação de tecnoestresse, ansiedade, depressão e outros fatores de desregulação emocional. Assim, esse artigo trata sobre os desafios mais recorrentes que o educador enfrenta mediante o período de pandemia e elucida a importância por parte dos profissionais da educação sobre o autoconhecimento e autocuidado para o pleno gerenciamento das suas competências socioemocionais.
Construção da Escrita na Perspectiva do Estudante Protagonista / Construction of Writing from the Perspective of the Protagonist Student
Authors: Souza Alice Brito de , Marques Marilaine De Castro Pereira , Souza Eunice Brito de , Gabriel Aparecida Pacheco , Chaves Sidney Da Silva , Vizzer Marlize Reffatti Zinelli
Published: August 2021

Resumo: Alfabetizar é mais que traçar letras, é um processo de construção sociocultural da criança, que ocorre de forma gradativa, de acordo com as condições pedagógicas ofertadas e o estágio de desenvolvimento em que se encontram. O objetivo geral da presente pesquisa foi apresentar alternativas pedagógicas, que podem favorecer a aprendizagem da criança na constituição da linguagem escrita na educação infantil.  Os objetivos específicos foram: a) abordar a importância da Educação Infantil no que se refere a aprendizagem da escrita; b) apresentar o processo de construção da escrita pela criança; c) discorrer sobre alternativas pedagógicas de construção da escrita na Educação Infantil, nas quais os estudantes sejam protagonistas. A pesquisa foi realizada sob os métodos indutivo, bibliográfico e descritivo, no período de março a setembro de 2020.  No processo de construção da escrita, os professores precisam valorizar o que as crianças possuem em cada fase da vida, ou seja, sua leitura de mundo; utilizar metodologias ativas, materiais concretos, contextualizar os objetos do conhecimento para tornar as aulas significativas; levar em conta aspectos afetivos, cognitivos e sociais, envolvidos na aprendizagem da escrita e propor atividades que estimulas o pensar e à geração de habilidades essenciais para formação integral. Contar história a uma criança, ou ainda ouvi-la recontar a história ouvida e ser professor escriba, são estratégias para colocar as crianças em contato com o mundo da leitura e da escrita. Não existe um receituário de práticas infalíveis, mas há princípios norteadores para se auxiliar os professores em suas escolhas metodológicas.
O Programa Bolsa Família e seus Impactos na Qualidade da Educação e da Inclusão Social / The Family Grant Program and its Impacts on the Quality of Education and Social Inclusion
Authors: Santos Julyane Christiny Matias Patrício dos , Albuquerque José De Lima , Veloso Gelsomina Maria Bignetti , Santos Maria Wellita Bezerra dos , Ferreira Sílvia Letícia Da Silva
Published: August 2021

Resumo: Os programas de transferência de renda foram elaborados em um momento histórico cuja conjuntura socioeconômica estava marcada pelo grande crescimento do desemprego e pela queda da renda oriunda do trabalho, o aumento da pobreza e da desigualdade social. Dentre eles está o Programa Bolsa Família articulando a transferência de renda a implementação de programas complementares, a fim de promover o desenvolvimento de capital humano e a autonomia dos beneficiários. A presente pesquisa tem como objetivo analisar os impactos do Programa Bolsa Família e a política de educação. A pesquisa é de abordagem qualitativa e descritiva em relação aos objetivos. Referente aos procedimentos, o estudo baseia-se em uma pesquisa bibliográfica e documental. Foi realizada uma revisão de literatura na base de dados Periódicos Capes e considerado o período de 4 anos ( 2016-2019).. A partir da realização da pesquisa foi possível concluir que os programas de transferência de renda existentes no Brasil, possibilitam uma maior capilaridade com outros programas relacionados à educação e permitem à educação exercer seu papel de agente de transformação e mobilidade social.
A violência contra a mulher idosa no Brasil e os fatores relacionados ao tema: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Morilla Jéssica Leitão , Manso Maria Elisa Gonzalez
Published: August 2021

As vítimas idosas de violência intrafamiliar são predominantemente mulheres. Este fato está relacionando a duas crenças socioculturais da sociedade patriarcal: a mulher deve ser submissa ao homem e a velhice torna o indivíduo sem função social. Objetiva-se analisar as dimensões biopsicossociais da violência contra idosas brasileiras, definir o perfil das vítimas e dos agressores, entender a dinâmica no ambiente de violência, descobrir qual a função das idosas nessas estruturas familiares e a atuação dos mecanismos socais de proteção à pessoa idosa. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura nas bases SciELO, BVS, CAPES, LILACS e MEDLINE no período entre 2010 a 2020 utilizando os descritores: idosos, mulheres, violência e violência doméstica. Analisando os estudos, as vítimas são mulheres, de 70 anos ou mais, viúvas/divorciadas, aposentadas, com baixa renda e escolaridade. O perfil mais comum de agressor é: filho, de 40 a 49 anos e que faz uso de álcool e/ou drogas e que moram com a vítima. Negligência e violência psicológica são os tipos mais frequentes de violência, entretanto é comum ocorrer mais de um tipo de violência ao mesmo tempo. A família é prioridade para as idosas e para preservá-la, elas escondem as agressões sofridas. Apesar da grande diversidade cultural no Brasil, os trabalhos analisados trouxeram padrões quanto a este tema. Isso mostrou que a violência contra a mulher idosa se encontra pautada em aspectos patriarcais e machistas, sendo importante a criação de políticas públicas que as protejam, uma vez que essas mulheres estão em dois grupos de vulnerabilidade social: mulher e idoso.
Problem-Based Learning at a Learning University: A View from the Field
Authors: Heuchemer Sylvia , Martins Elena , Szczyrba Birgit
Published: August 2021

Innovative teaching concepts such as problem-based learning (PBL) can make a difference in an academic setting, particularly when dealing with diversity, and support the successful completion of students’ studies. Introducing new approaches to teaching requires the professionalization of the teaching staff and the development of new tools. As a view from the field, this contribution describes the steps taken at TH Köln - University of Applied Sciences to introduce PBL and discusses empirical and practical aspects of a university-wide implementation. It offers lessons learned from the practical application of PBL theories in a real-life setting.
A decision-making method for consensus building applied to increase the chances of decision implementation in NPOs: the case of fundraising problem
Authors: Ziotti Vanessa , Leoneti Alexandre
Published: August 2021

Goal: The present research aimed to demonstrate the use of a decision-making method based on game theory to support the resolution of a usual NPO’s management problem, which is the one of fundraising with different stakeholders’ preferences.

Design / Methodology / Approach: The application of the method occurred within a NPO in the city of Ribeirão Preto, Brazil, and included: (i) a phase for structuring the problem in the form of a decision matrix; and (ii) a group decision phase for supporting the NPO’s director board in their group decision-making process.

Results: The method predicted reasonably well the group decision, whose effects were demonstrated with a greater sense of justice. Two years after the decision made, the authors verified through a new visit to the NPO that the mix of the choice of the group and the method was indeed implemented.

Limitations of the investigation: It should be noted that, given the sample size, the results achieved in this study should be corroborated by other studies that eventually replicate the procedures proposed here for verification of the main hypothesis 

Practical implications: However, it has been concluded that the use of a formal approach can contribute to the solution of the fundraising problem in NPOs environment, increasing the chances for decision’s implementation.

Originality / Value: It is expected that the framework proposed can be used for other problems of group decision making in NPOs by the replication of the procedures presented in the paper.
Lidocaine has antitumor effect on hepatocellular carcinoma via the circ_DYNC1H1/miR-520a-3p/USP14 axis
Authors: Liu Hua , Cheng Jing , Xu Heng , Wan Zhenzhen
Published: August 2021

Lidocaine can inhibit the malignant development of various human cancers. Circular RNA (circRNA) dynein 1 heavy chain gene (circ_DYNC1H1) acted as a pro-cancer molecule in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study aimed to explore whether the function of lidocaine was related to the oncogenic circ_DYNC1H1 in HCC. Colony formation assay and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-y1)-2, 5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay were used for proliferation detection. Cell apoptosis was assessed by flow cytometry, and migration or invasion was determined by the transwell assay. The levels of circ_DYNC1H1, microRNA-520a-3p (miR-520a-3p), and ubiquitin-specific protease 14 (USP14) were examined using the quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Protein levels were measured using western blot. The binding between miR-520a-3p and circ_DYNC1H1 or USP14 was confirmed by the dual-luciferase reporter assay. In vivo assay was conducted by a xenograft model in mice. Lidocaine reduced proliferation, migration, and invasion but promoted apoptosis in HCC cells. The circ_DYNC1H1 expression was downregulated in lidocaine-treated HCC cells. The inhibitory effect of lidocaine on HCC progression was weakened after circ_DYNC1H1 overexpression. miR-520a-3p was a target of circ_DYNC1H1, and the function of lidocaine was related to the regulation of circ_DYNC1H1/miR-520a-3p axis. USP14 served as a target for miR-520a-3p, and circ_DYNC1H1 could sponge miR-520a-3p to regulate the USP14 expression. The lidocaine-induced suppression of HCC development was also achieved by mediating the miR-520a-3p/USP14 axis. In vivo assay revealed that lidocaine suppressed the tumor growth of HCC by reducing the expression of circ_DYNC1H1 to affect the levels of miR-520a-3p and USP14. Our results clarified that lidocaine impeded tumor progression via targeting the circ_DYNC1H1/miR-520a-3p/USP14 axis in HCC cells.
Primary localized cutaneous nodular amyloidosis presenting as lymphatic malformation: A case report
Authors: Wu Xiujuan , Zhao Zongfeng
Published: August 2021

Primary skin amyloidosis is a chronic skin disease in which amyloid deposits in the normal skin tissues without involving other organs. At present, the causes and mechanisms of morbidity have not been fully elucidated. There are few clinical reports of nodular skin amyloidosis, and the domestic reports are mostly limited cases. This study reported a rare case of a 46-year-old woman with primary localized cutaneous nodular amyloidosis (PLCNA). The patient presented with features of lymphatic malformation, a plexiform nodule of small blisters. Histological examination revealed amyloid deposits involving the superficial and deep dermis with a small number of plasma cells. Further examinations did not reveal evidence of systemic involvement, indicating a PLCNA. The presentation as lymphatic malformation lesions illustrates the importance of clinical pathology. Nodular amyloidosis typically manifests as single or multiple yellow-brown nodules or plaques of a few millimeters to several centimeters. The center of the nodule sometimes shows atrophy and relaxation or forms a bullous. It is recommended to perform a pathological examination to confirm the diagnosis to distinguish it from lymphatic malformation.
Twig biomass allocation of Betula platyphylla in different habitats in Wudalianchi Volcano, northeast China
Authors: Yang Fan , Xie Lihong , Huang Qingyang , Cao Hongjie , Wang Jifeng , Wang Jianbo , Liu Yingnan , Ni Hongwei , Mu Liqiang
Published: August 2021

Understanding the response of biomass allocation in current-year twigs is crucial for elucidating the plant life-history strategies under heterogeneous volcanic habitats. We aimed to test whether twig biomass allocation, within-leaf biomass allocation, and the size-number trade-off of Betula platyphylla would be influenced. We measured twig traits of B. platyphylla in Wudalianchi volcanic kipuka, the lava platform, and Shankou lake in northeastern China using standardized major axis analyses. The results showed that the leaf number, total lamina mass (TLAM), stem mass (SM), and twig mass (TM) were significantly different between the three habitats and were greatest in kipuka with abundant soil nutrients. TLAM and SM scaled allometrically with respect to TM, while the normalization constants of the lava platform differ significantly between kipuka and Shankou lake, which showed that under certain TM, leaves gain more biomass in the lava platform. However, within the leaf, individual lamina mass (ILM) scaled isometrically with respect to individual petiole mass (IPM) in kipuka and the lava platform, but ILM scaled allometrically to IPM in Shankou lake. Our results indicated that inhabitats influenced the twig traits and biomass allocation and within-leaf biomass allocation are strategies for plants to adapt to volcanic heterogeneous habitats.
Verification of the performance of the BD MAX Check-Points CPO Assay on clinical isolates
Authors: Chung Hae-Sun , Lee Miae
Published: August 2021

Objectives

The BD MAX Check-Points CPO Assay (BD MAX CPO Assay; BD, The Netherlands) is a diagnostic test designed for the rapid detection and differentiation of the bla
KPC, bla
NDM, bla
VIM/bla
IMP-1, and bla
OXA-48 genes. We verified the performance of the BD MAX CPO Assay to implement it in the clinical laboratory.

Methods

A total of 113 bacterial isolates collected from various clinical specimens harboring carbapenemase genes as confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing were evaluated. The results of the BD MAX CPO Assay were compared to previously confirmed results.

Results

All results of the BD MAX CPO Assay were concordant with previous results; 61 Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC), 40 New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase (NDM), three oxacillinase-48 (OXA-48)-like, two imipenem (IMP), and four multiple carbapenemase genes (one KPC/NDM, three NDM/OXA) were detected by the BD MAX CPO Assay. Three non-carbapenemase-producing carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae isolates were negative.

Conclusions

The BD MAX CPO Assay can be used to identify carbapenemase gene in bacterial isolates cultured from clinical specimens in the clinical laboratory.
Indirect estimation of reference intervals using first or last results and results from patients without repeated measurements
Authors: Arzideh Farhad , Özcürümez Mustafa , Albers Eike , Haeckel Rainer , Streichert Thomas
Published: August 2021

Objectives

Indirect methods for the estimation of Reference Limits (RLs) use large data pools stored in modern laboratory information’s systems. To avoid correlation between observations repeated results from each patient should be excluded. Some data pools obtained are anonymized, and thereafter the data cannot be re-identified. The effect of the procedure of data selection on the estimations is not investigated yet.

Methods

We considered four parameters. Data sets were enclosed from two sources: a university hospital and a laboratory primarily reflecting a patient population from medical practitioners. Four algorithms were used for data selection, which generate first, last, all and non-repeated values. RLs were estimated through these data sets and compared.

Results

This study showed the broader reference range estimated by indirect methods if using the whole data set compared to first/last values or non-repeated values.

Conclusions

The use of all data without a filtering step results in a significant bias whereas the choice of first or last values has nearly no impact. The exclusion of repeated measurements results in narrower RLs. This influence confine the use of anonymous data sets where filtering is impossible for the estimation of RLs by indirect methods.
Age-dependent response to T4 overtreatment and recovery on systemic and organ level
Authors: Kerp Helena , Renko Kostja , Hönes Georg Sebastian , Brix Klaudia , Köhrle Josef , Moeller Lars Christian , Führer Dagmar
Published: August 2021

Thyroid hormone (TH) metabolism and cellular TH action are influenced by ageing. To investigate the response to thyroxine (T4) overtreatment, a kinetic study was conducted in young and aged mice with chronic hyperthyroidism and hormone withdrawal. Five and 22 months old male mice were treated with T4 or PBS over 5 weeks, followed by observation for up to 12 days. Serial analysis was performed for thyroid function parameters, transcript levels of TH target genes, deiodinase type 1 (DIO1) activity as well as serum lipids at 12, 24, 72, 144, 216, and 288 h after cessation of T4 administration. Higher FT3 concentrations and higher renal DIO1 activities were noted in aged mice 12 h after T4 withdrawal and marked thyroid-stimulating hormone elevation was found in aged mice after 12 days compared to respective controls. A biphasic expression pattern occurred for TH target genes in all organs and a hypothyroid organ state was observed at the end of the study, despite normalization of TH serum concentrations after 72 h. In line with this, mirror-image kinetics were detected for serum cholesterol and triglycerides in aged and young mice. Recovery from TH overtreatment in mice involves short- and medium-term adaption of TH metabolism on systemic and organ levels. Increased renal DIO1 activity may contribute to higher T3 concentrations and prolonged thyrotoxicosis followed by hypothyroidism in an aged-mouse organism. Translation of these findings in the clinical setting seems warranted and may lead to better management of hyperthyroidism and prevention of T4 overtreatment in aged patients.
Nanofibrillated cellulose rheology: Effects of morphology, ethanol/acetone addition, and high NaCl concentration
Authors: Costa Vera L. D. , Costa Ana P. , Simões Rogério M. S.
Published: August 2021

The effects of ethanol or acetone addition (2.5% to 40% w/w) and high ionic strength (50 mM to 1000 mM NaCl) on the rheology of carboxymethylated (NFC-carb) and 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (TEMPO) oxidized (NFC-TEMPO) nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) suspensions were studied. Morphological characterization and centrifugation showed that NFC-TEMPO had a much finer overall morphology than NFC-carb. Rheological measurements were taken at 1.3 wt% using a stress-controlled rheometer equipped with cone and plate measurement tools with rough surfaces. The dynamic moduli were investigated through oscillatory stress sweeps. The results showed that as little as 2.5% (w/w) of either ethanol or acetone decreased the viscosity and the dynamic moduli, while 40% (w/w) increased the viscosity to values higher than those of the aqueous suspensions, doubled the storage modulus, and extended the gel-like behavior. Increasing the NaCl concentration from 50 mM to 100 mM drastically increased viscosity; moreover, the storage modulus in the elastic region linearly increased with increasing NaCl concentrations in the range of 100 mM to 1000 mM, suggesting the increased content of interparticle bonds with NaCl addition. The elastic domain was also extended from 10 Pa to 50 Pa and above 500 Pa with acetone addition (40%) and NaCl addition, respectively.
Ecofriendly method for suppressing damping-off disease caused by Rhizoctonia solani using compost tea
Authors: Nofal Ashraf M. , Abd El-Rahman Mohamed , Alharbi Asmaa A. , Abdelghany Tarek M.
Published: August 2021

Compost tea has a lot of potential for sustainable agriculture. The suppressive effect of compost tea on damping-off disease in beans (Phaseolus vulgaris), caused by Rhizoctonia solani, was investigated. The physicochemical properties of the tested compost tea showed the presence of dissolved solids (7070 mgL-1), organic matter (1280 mgL-1), nitrate (3840 mgL-1), and ammonium (90.0 mgL-1). The concentrations of phosphorus, potassium, calcium, and magnesium in compost tea were 22.7, 1540, 214, and 2.40 mgL-1, respectively. The highest inhibition of R. solani growth at a concentration of 30% compost tea filtrate was 87.0% and it was completely inhibited at a concentration of 50%. The application of compost tea or chemical fungicide (Rizolex-T) significantly decreased the pre- and post-emergence of damping-off and enhanced the plants survival. In spite of the total phenol content in bean plants infected with R. solani (15.6 µg·g-1 fresh weight), the treatment of infected plants using compost tea and the Rizolex-T caused further elevation in the phenol content, to 17.5 and 14.7 µg·g-1 fresh weight, respectively. These findings support the use of compost tea as a potential alternative to synthetic fungicides to help achieve environmental sustainability and food safety in farming.
Adhesiveless bonding of wood – A review with a focus on wood welding
Authors: Gedara Ajith K. A. , Chianella Iva , Endrino Jose L. , Zhang Qi
Published: August 2021

Most industrially used synthetic wood adhesives release formaldehyde, which is carcinogenic for humans. Adhesiveless bonding of wood can be achieved using heat treatment by either hot-pressing method, suitable mainly for wood particles and fibres or by wood welding. Welding of wood, which relies on the heat generated via friction, can be used for bonding two or more solid wood pieces together. The process can be carried out either by linear or rotational wood welding. This review first considers the manufacturing of binderless wood-based panels by hot-pressing. Then this is followed by an in-depth outlook of wood welding and its application in the wood industry. The effects of varying wood welding parameters, such as applied pressure, vibrational frequency and amplitude, holding pressure, holding time, welding time in linear wood welding, and relative diameter difference between the substrate and the dowel in rotational wood welding to obtain joints with optimal mechanical and physical properties is reviewed and discussed. Wood products made by heat treatment (hot-pressing and wood welding) are environmentally friendly, and the brief curing times needed for their manufacture represent a great advantage compared with the usage of wood adhesives to bind pieces of wood.
Serum Sodium Concentration and Mental Status in Children With Diabetic Ketoacidosis
Authors: Glaser Nicole S. , Stoner Michael J. , Garro Aris , Baird Scott , Myers Sage R. , Rewers Arleta , Brown Kathleen M. , Trainor Jennifer L. , Quayle Kimberly S. , McManemy Julie K. , DePiero Andrew D. , Nigrovic Lise E. , Tzimenatos Leah , Schunk Jeff E. , Olsen Cody S. , Casper T. Charles , Ghetti Simona , Kuppermann Nathan
Published: August 2021

OBJECTIVES

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is typically characterized by low or low-normal serum sodium concentrations, which rise as hyperglycemia resolves. In retrospective studies, researchers found associations between declines in sodium concentrations during DKA and cerebral injury. We prospectively investigated determinants of sodium concentration changes and associations with mental status alterations during DKA.

METHODS

Using data from the Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network Fluid Therapies Under Investigation in Diabetic Ketoacidosis Trial, we compared children who had declines in glucose-corrected sodium concentrations with those who had rising or stable concentrations. Children were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 intravenous fluid protocols that differed in infusion rate and sodium content. Data from the first 4, 8, and 12 hours of treatment were analyzed for 1251, 1086, and 877 episodes, respectively.

RESULTS

In multivariable analyses, declines in glucose-corrected sodium concentrations were associated with higher sodium and chloride concentrations at presentation and with previously diagnosed diabetes. Treatment with 0.45% (vs 0.9%) sodium chloride fluids was also associated with declines in sodium concentration; however, higher rates of fluid infusion were associated with declines in sodium concentration only at 12 hours. Frequencies of abnormal Glasgow Coma Scale scores and clinical diagnoses of cerebral injury were similar in patients with and without declines in glucose-corrected sodium concentrations.

CONCLUSIONS

Changes in glucose-corrected sodium concentrations during DKA treatment are influenced by the balance of free-water loss versus sodium loss at presentation and the sodium content of intravenous fluids. Declines in glucose-corrected sodium concentrations are not associated with mental status changes during treatment.
Usos de lo literario en las humanidades médicas: leer a William Carlos Williams y A Fortunate Man de John Berger y Jean Mohr
Authors: Gelman Constantin Francisco
Published: August 2021

Esta nota propone investigar los usos de materiales literarios llevados a cabo por las humanidades médicas, a partir de la indagación de las lecturas concitadas por William Carlos Williams y el libro A Fortunate Man de John Berger y Jean Mohr. Por medio del análisis de artículos del área de las humanidades médicas que toman por objeto estos textos, se busca observar qué modos de hacer con lo literario —y, por ende, de comprenderlo— proponen con respecto a aquellos instituidos por los estudios literarios académicos. Se señalan como condiciones generales de estas lecturas un deslizamiento imaginario entre el autor, el narrador o el yo poético, los personajes, y los lectores y lectoras, y el desmonteje de lasfronteras disciplinares. Asimismo, se sugieren tres formas específicas de hacer con los textos literarios: una educación de los sentidos, la narración como espacio de especulación ética y la reescritura de discursos como el de la medicina.
“El amor nunca es incorrecto”. El cuento infantil LGTBQ en el Perú: los casos de Verónica Ferrari y Lakita (Blanca Canessa)
Authors: Leonardo-Loayza Richard
Published: August 2021

El artículo estudia los cuentos infantiles de temática LGTBQ en el Perú: ¿Camila tiene dos mamás? (2015) de Verónica Ferrari; y El príncipe Carolina (2017), Dorita y el dragón (2017) y Claudio el tritón (2019) de Lakita (Blanca Canessa). Nos interesa analizar las representaciones que estos textos ofrecen sobre los personajes de orientación LGTBQ y, además, determinar las problemáticas específicas que dichos textos abordan en las historias que narran. Asimismo, nos proponemos examinar cuáles son las soluciones que se ofrecen a estas problemáticas. El punto de vista que guía esta lectura es que dichos textos, pese a constituirse en notables contribuciones a la visibilización de la temática LGTBQ, no están exentos de ciertas contradicciones ideológicas, lo que, hasta cierto punto, hace cuestionables algunas de sus propuestas. Esteartículo es el primer texto académico que aborda este tipo de producción literaria en el Perú.
Los reinos de la infancia: imaginarios del poder dictatorial en la poesía chilena para niños durante los años setenta
Authors: Vesely Avaria Carola , Jeftanovic Avdaloff Andrea
Published: August 2021

Este estudio se enmarca en el campo de la poesía destinada a niñas y niños durante los años setenta en Chile y toma como referencia la obra del músico y poeta Sergio Vesely durante su cautiverio en diversos centros de detención de la dictadura militar. A partir de una lectura teórica y crítica, se indaga en la articulación de imaginarios simbólicos referentes al poder dictatorial transmitidos al público infantil por medio de la metáfora del rey. El presente estudio apunta al rescate y la visibilización de voces hasta ahora sumergidas en el olvido, al aportar a la construcción de una memoria histórica que integre nuevas piezas al mapa de la creación artística surgida de la experiencia carcelaria en Chile. Al mismo tiempo, se pretende resaltar la necesaria legitimación del rol de la infancia en los procesos históricos y sociales,en este caso explorando los imaginarios transmitidos sobre el ejercicio del poder durante los primeros años de la dictadura chilena.
LOS MÉDICOS DE LA CAMPAÑA NACIONAL DE 1856-1857
Authors: Hilje Quirós Luko
Published: August 2021

Recibido: 29-03-2021.

Aprobado: 01-05-2021.

En la Campaña Nacional de 1856-1857 contra el ejército filibustero comandado por William Walker, la salud de las tropas costarricenses estuvo a cargo de unos doce médicos, en diferentes momentos. Encabezados por el alemán Karl Hoffmann durante la primera etapa de la Campaña, los hubo tanto nacionales (Cruz Alvarado Velazco, Andrés Sáenz Llorente, Bernabé Bermúdez, Manuel María Esquivel y Bruno Carranza) como extranjeros (Santiago Hogan, Fermín Meza Orellana, Francisco Bastos, Franz Ellendorf, Alexander von Frantzius y Marquis L. Hine). Este artículo brinda una visión sintética, unificada y actualizada de la manera en que el gobierno costarricense respondió a la crisis sanitaria, así como de los aportes particulares de cada uno de los médicos y sus ayudantes de enfermería en la atención de los combatientes heridos y frente a la epidemia del cólera.
A new and previously misidentified species of Trisetella (Pleurothallidinae: Orchidaceae) from southeast Ecuador
Authors: Baquero Luis E. , Mogrovejo Adriana L.
Published: August 2021

Trisetella pachycaudata, a new species in the subtribe Pleurothallidinae, was discovered in the Zamora Chinchipe province of southeast Ecuador, and it is described here. Trisetella pachycaudata is compared with the most similar species (and others with which it has been confused in cultivation), T. triglochin, T. strumosa, and T. vittata. It differs from them in the flowers with a much thicker apex of the sepaline tails (the thickest in the genus), and the petals expanded at the labellar margin, with the cuspidate apices erose on the upper margin and entire at the lower margin.

Key words / Palabras clave: Trisetella strumosa, Trisetella triglochin, Trisetella vittata, Zamora Chinchipe
Predicting students’ academic performance using a modified kNN algorithm
Authors: Jawthari Moohanad , Stoffová Veronika
Published: August 2021

The target (dependent) variable is often influenced not only by ratio scale variables, but also by qualitative (nominal scale) variables in classification analysis. Majority of machine learning techniques accept only numerical inputs. Hence, it is necessary to encode these categorical variables into numerical values using encoding techniques. If the variable does not have relation or order between its values, assigning numbers will mislead the machine learning techniques. This paper presents a modified k-nearest-neighbors algorithm that calculates the distances values of categorical (nominal) variables without encoding them. A student’s academic performance dataset is used for testing the enhanced algorithm. It shows that the proposed algorithm outperforms standard one that needs nominal variables encoding to calculate the distance between the nominal variables. The results show the proposed algorithm preforms 14% better than standard one in accuracy, and it is not sensitive to outliers.
Faunal and Ecological Features of Blood-Sucking Arthropods of the Family Ixodidae in Biocenoses of the Lower Volga Region
Authors:   Volgograd State University, Denisov Andrey
Published: August 2021

Ecological and faunal changes caused by physical and geographical changes, climatic, anthropogenic impacts, lead to an increase in the number and spread of Ixodes mites. The above mentioned factors have a significant impact on the formation of the fauna of bloodsucking arthropods in bio and agrocenoses, as well as in settlements. The study of the mechanisms that impact on the spatial distribution, timing of breeding and mass attack of the bloodsuckers on proximately, the change of life the schemes of the parasites in different climatic and geographic areas is of considerable theoretical and practical interest for veterinary and medical practices. For ixodid distinctive relationship with a particular landscape type and occurrence within certain habitats. That is why hese types of blood-sucking ectoparasites are able to pass to parasitism on new feeders. The development of civilization is accompanied by an active transformation of nature, as a result of which large areas disappear landscapes previously untouched by human hand. Naturally, such transformations, accompanied by the creation of anthropogenic landscapes, can not in one way or another affect the nature of the spread of zoonoses and, above all, natural focal infections, most closely related to the environment. The obtained data can be used by veterinary and medical services, as well as biologists of profile appointment in the planning of preventive measures of diseases associated with blood-sucking arthropods.
Dutch Elm Disease: Topical Protective Measures in Plantings of the Lower Volga Region
Authors:   Federal Scientific Centre of Agroecology, Complex Melioration and Protective Afforestation of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kryukova Elena , Kuznetsova Tatyana ,   Federal Scientific Centre of Agroecology, Complex Melioration and Protective Afforestation of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kolmukidi Svetlana ,   Federal Scientific Centre of Agroecology, Complex Melioration and Protective Afforestation of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: August 2021

The article presents the results of studies of a malicious disease of the elm, which causes vascular pathology - tracheomycosis, called the Dutch elm disease. Observations, collection and analysis of material infected with diseases were performed in plantations of the Volgograd region. Laboratory and field experiments were carried out according to appropriate generally accepted methods. We have developed principles and methods for the evaluation and selection of resistant to vascular mycoses of the elm, which have been reduced to the selection in plantations of healthy trees resistant to vascular mycoses; employment in studies of the species of elm, but mainly Ulmus pumila L. of the local population, as the most sustainable; employment of the inoculation method in assessing resistance to a highly aggressive pathogen strain; studying the mechanisms of resistance on biochemical grounds; vegetative propagation (root cuttings) for subsequent testing on the stability of selected forms; the selection and study of the stability of seed progeny of selected clones. Testing fungicides against causative agents of vascular mycoses was carried out as a prophylactic measure - disinfection of saw cuts after felling recovery. Highly effective were the systemic drugs Benomil and Strobi, penetrating into the depth of the wood and exhibiting protective functions. Bishal forms an oily film on the surface of the cuts, performing mechanical and preventive protection. On the trees, the cuts of which were treated with the FitosporinM biological preparation, there was also no spread of pathogenic infection. The effectiveness of the preparations was verified by laboratory sowing of samples taken from the treated cut on agar nutrient media. The highest efficacy of systemic drugs was in the range of 95.0–99.2%. As a result of many years of research (over 30 years), continuing to the present, according to the evaluation and selection of varying degrees of resistance of elmspecies, forms, hybrids and clones, highly resistant Ulmus pumila (typical) and its forms have been identified. They multiplied vegetatively and seed, then passed the test for resistance to the pathogen and are recommended for production purposes. According to the results of the audit, urban forestry techniques are effectively implemented in the urban ecosystem.
The Spatial Geographical Analysis Scanforvirus Processes Shcherbakovskaya Bend of Volga
Authors:   Volgograd State Socio-Pedagogical University, Dedova Irina
Published: August 2021

The article provides information about the Genesis and modern relief formation of Shcherbakov bend of the Volga. The role of the lithological-tectonic factor in the isolation and evolution of the external appearance of the bend is emphasized. The characteristic of the tiered relief of the considered territory and transforming its appearance of slope-forming processes: erosion and gravity is given. The role of each in the formation of different types of slopes of Shcherbakov bend is emphasized.