bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PERSONAL CHARACTERISTIC WITH KNOWLEDGE OF ANTIBIOTIC USAGE IN MEDAN CITY.
Authors: Amelia Rina , Harahap Juliandi , Harahap Juliandi , Sari Wahyuni Arlinda , Sari Wahyuni Arlinda , Pratama M Arief , Pratama M Arief
Published: April 2018

Objective: The objective of this research is to analyze the relationship between personal characteristics with knowledge of antibiotics usage in Medan.Methods: This research is an analytic research with cross-sectional approach. The data collection process was conducted in November 2013. The study population is the people residing in the district of Medan Johor; subjects are 336 people which enrolled by consecutive sampling technique. The data were obtained by interview using questionnaires that have been tested for validity and reliability. Data analysis was done using Chi-square statistical test using SPSS program.Results: The results showed that the level of knowledge of the Johor subdistrict community on the antibiotic usage was in the good category (79.5%). The statistical analysis showed that there was a statistically significant relationship between education level with knowledge of antibiotic usage (p<0.05). There was no relationship between sex and age with knowledge of antibiotic usage.Conclusion: Knowledge is the main factor and has an important role which every patient should have so that they can take antibiotics appropriately. To increase the public’s knowledge about the proper use of antibiotics, it is desirable that the role of physicians give a role in communicating them to the patients so that the use of antibiotics can be done appropriately.
IN VITRO ANTICONVULSANT EFFECT OF ETHYL ACETATE FRACTION OF TITANUS LEAF (LEEA AEQUATA L.) ON ISOLATED COLON
Authors: Suwarso Edy , Ginting Nahitma , Ginting Nahitma , Sudarmi Sudarmi , Sudarmi Sudarmi , Manurung Vegi Dwinata , Manurung Vegi Dwinata
Published: April 2018

Objective: The excessive activity of the parasympathetic nervous system in the intestinal smooth muscle is important role in the increased intestinal motility, so antispasmodic medications are needed that can decrease intestinal motility such as atropine. Treatment may also use medicinal plants that are cheaper and easy to obtain, and also believed to have smaller side effects than modern antispasmodic drugs. This study aimed to determine the anticonvulsant or relaxation effects of the ethyl acetate fraction of titanus leaf (EAFTL) against contracted guinea pig colon.Methods: The parameters measured are smooth muscle relaxation. Before testing, guinea pig colon was equilibrated for 45 min to obtain a stable condition in Tyrode’s solution with a temperature of 37°C aerated with carbogen gas (O2:CO2) with a ratio of 95%:5%. The relaxing effect of the colon was tested after inducing by acetylcholine chloride; then, each colon was given cumulative concentration of EAFTL and atropine sulfate. The concentration of acetylcholine chloride required to increase the contraction of the guinea pig colon was 1.76×10−4 Mol. The cumulative concentration of EAFTL given was 0.5–4 mg/Ml and cumulative concentration of atropine sulfate given was 6.95×10−6–2.08×10−2 mg/Ml.Results: The EAFTL has a relaxing effect. Statistical analysis of EAFTL at a concentration of 4 mg/Ml (100.000±1.7417) in reducing the smooth muscle of colon contraction induced by acetylcholine chloride 1.76×10−4 Mol (p>0.005), has not statistically significant compared to that of atropine sulfate 6.95×10−3mg/Ml (105.7292±0.8161).Conclusion: EAFTL has relaxing effect on the smooth muscle of the colon.
Acoustic indices applied to biodiversity monitoring in a Costa Rica dry tropical forest
Authors: Retamosa Izaguirre Mónica I. , Ramírez-Alán Oscar
Published: April 2018

Standardized methods for biodiversity monitoring are needed to evaluate conservation efforts. Acoustic indices are used in biodiversity assessments, but need to be compared to traditional wildlife methods. This work was conducted in the Santa Rosa National Park between June and November, 2015. We installed recorders and conducted bird point counts in twelve sampling sites. We compared acoustic indices (Acoustic Evenness Index [AEI], Acoustic Diversity Index [ADI], Acoustic Complexity Index [ACI], Bioacoustic Index [BIO], Normalized Difference Soundscape Index [NDSI], Total Entropy [TE], Median Amplitude Envelope [MAE], Number of peaks [NP]) with indices from bird point counts (Bird Abundance, Bird Richness, Bird Diversity and Bird Evenness), and discuss the utility of acoustic indices as indicators for biodiversity monitoring in tropical forests. ADI, ACI, BIO and TE presented a similar temporal pattern peaking between 5 am and 6 am; and an additional peak at 5 pm, except for ACI. These patterns were consistent with the daily biological rhythms. AEI, ACI, BIO and Bird Abundance were related to characteristics of younger forests (lower percentage of canopy cover) but NP, ADI, TE, Bird Diversity and Bird Evenness were related to characteristics of older forests (higher percentage of canopy cover and a lower number of patches). ACI was positively correlated to Bird Abundance and NP was positively correlated to Bird Diversity. ACI reflects biological activity, but not necessarily a more diverse bird community in this study area. This might be an indication of a strong acoustic competition, or several highly dominant bird species in younger forests. Furthermore, acoustic communities in tropical forests commonly include insects (cicadas) and frogs, which might affect resulting acoustic indices. A variety of methods are probably needed to thoroughly assess biodiversity. However, a combination of indices such as ACI and NP might be considered to monitor trends in abundance and diversity of birds in dry forests.
Efeitos do Programa Apoio Curricular Entre Pares na Autoeficácia Percebida, na Afetividade e no Rendimento Escolar
Authors: Mendes Romina Constante , Nascimento Daniela , Costa Lobo Cristina
Published: April 2018

A escola constitui-se um local promotor de aprendizagens e conhecimentos. Assim, emerge a necessidade da implementação de ações educativas que promovam o sucesso escolar. A afetividade e a autoeficácia são fatores relevantes para o rendimento escolar. Esta investigação pretendeu testar os efeitos da implementação do Apoio Curricular Entre Pares (ACP) ao nível da autoeficácia percebida, da afetividade e do rendimento escolar nas disciplinas de Português e Matemática no 3º ciclo do Ensino Básico Português. Foi realizado um estudo quase experimental, com amostra não probabilística de 93 estudantes divididos em grupo de ACP (N=45) e Oferta Complementar (OC) (N=48). Para a recolha de dados foram contempladas medidas sociodemográficas e escolares, classificações do 1º e do 3º período letivos, um instrumento para avaliação da autoeficácia percebida e um instrumento para avaliação da afetividade. Os resultados demonstram que estudantes que frequentam ACP, comparativamente com os que frequentam OC, apresentam maiores níveis de autoeficácia para o sucesso acadêmico, de eficácia autorregulatória e de aprendizagem autorregulada, bem como melhores classificações escolares a Português e Matemática. A implementação de ACP contribui para melhores resultados a Matemática ao longo do ano letivo. Pode concluir-se que a implementação da ação educativa ACP é uma mais valia para o ensino no 3º ciclo do Ensino Básico em Portugal, principalmente para a disciplina de Matemática. São discutidas implicações para a intervenção em contextos educativos, são anunciadas limitações e são expostas sugestões para estudos futuros.
CAPACIDADE DE ABSORÇÃO E CANAIS DE INTERAÇÃO UNIVERSIDADE-EMPRESA: UMA ANÁLISE EMPÍRICA PARA EMPRESAS NO RIO GRANDE DO SUL
Authors: Rosa Andréia Cunha da , Teixeira André Luiz Da Silva , Ruffoni Janaina , Rapini Márcia Siqueira
Published: April 2018

O objetivo deste artigo é analisar de forma pioneira a interação entre as dimensões da Capacidade de Absorção (CA) da empresa, os canais de troca de informação e conhecimentos com as universidades e os resultados da inovação para a firma. A partir de informações coletadas de empresas localizadas no Rio Grande do Sul que interagiram com universidades e o uso do método de Componentes Principais Categóricos, foram identificadas especificidades das dimensões da CA de acordo com o canal utilizado pela empresa. Constatou-se que: (1) empresas que interagem via consultoria possuem maiores capacidades de assimilação; (2) quem interage via pesquisa conjunta tem maior capacidade de aquisição e exploração; (3) quem interage via canais ligados à “universidade empreendedora” não possui capacidades absortivas distintas das demais. Comprovou-se também que quem inova em produto e processo tem maior capacidade de assimilar, transformar e explorar o conhecimento externo.
A PRODUÇÃO DAS VOGAIS MÉDIAS TÔNICAS DO PORTUGUÊS (L2) POR FALANTES NATIVOS DO ESPANHOL
Authors: Machry da Silva Susiele
Published: April 2018

RESUMO: Este artigo versa sobre a aquisição das vogais médias tônicas do Português Brasileiro (PB) - L2 - por falantes nativos do espanhol da América. A investigação, pautada nas diferenças fonológicas que as duas línguas apresentam quanto ao sistema vocálico tônico, analisa o processo de aquisição desses aprendizes quanto à produção do contraste fonológico entre as vogais médias /e/ - /E/ e /o/ - //, em oposições do tipo seco – sEco, soco – sco, observadas no português e não no espanhol. O corpus, oriundo da amostra Machry da Silva (2014), é constituído por doze (12) imigrantes nativos dos países Argentina e Uruguai e, domiciliados, no momento da pesquisa, no Brasil. Os resultados permitem verificar que os hispano-falantes apresentam dificuldade para produzir o contraste fonológico, com tendência a realizar as vogais médias [E] e [] de acordo com os padrões articulatórios das vogais já existentes na língua nativa, no caso as vogais [e] e [o].
ATIVIDADE LABORAL EM DISCURSO: TENSÕES E GESTÃO DOS USOS DE SI EM JORNAIS DA EMPRESA HERA LABOR ACTIVITY IN SPEECH: TENSIONS AND USES OF ONESELF AT THE COMPANY HERA’S MAGAZINE
Authors: Haubrich Gislene Feiten , FREITAS Hernani César de
Published: April 2018

Resumo: O estudo visa compreender como as tensões da gestão dos usos de si, na atividade laboral, são evidenciadas no ato de linguagem da empresa Hera. Trata-se de um estudo de caso, com abordagem qualitativa ancorada na análise teórico-ergo-discursiva. O corpus é composto por editoriais do jornal da empresa, publicados no período de janeiro/2012 a junho/2014. A análise é sustentada pela proposta semiolinguística de Charaudeau (2010) e o marco teórico decorre das noções de atividade laboral (SCHWARTZ; DURRIVE, 2007) e relações de poder (FOUCAULT, 2007; GALBRAITH, 1989). Como resultado principal pode-se apontar que o discurso da Hera seja normalizador, na intenção de restringir espaços do dizer e produzir efeitos de “verdade”, além de outorgar aos trabalhadores a vigilância uns dos outros, aspectos que tendem a estimular a competitividade.Palavras-chave: Trabalho. Discursos. Poder. Jornal de empresa. Abstract: The study aims to understand how the tensions of management of the uses of oneself, in labor activity, are highlighted in the discourse of Hera’s company. This is a case study with a qualitative approach and is anchored at theoretical-ergo-discursive analysis. The corpus consists of editorials of the company's magazine, published between January/2012 to June/2014. The analysis is supported by semiolinguistics proposed by Charaudeau (2010) and the theoretical framework stems from the work activity notions (SCHWARTZ; DURRIVE, 2007) and power relationships (FOUCAULT, 2007; GALBRAITH, 1989). The main result points out that the speech of Hera is normalizing, with the intention of restrict conversation spaces and wants produce effects of "truth", beyond to grant for workers mutual surveillance, aspects that tend to encourage competitiveness.Keywords: Work. Discourses. Power. Enterprise’s magazine.
NOTAS DE (IN)COMPATIBILIDADE ENTRE SEMIÓTICA E FENOMENOLOGIA NOTES DE (IN)COMPATIBILITÉ ENTRE SÉMIOTIQUE E PHÉNOMÉNOLOGIE
Authors: QUEIROZ Lucas Porto de , CAMPOS Norma Discini de
Published: April 2018

RESUMO: Nosso objetivo neste artigo será cotejar e nos posicionar diante de uma questão tão delicada quanto cara a qualquer pesquisador, seja de filiação filosófica ou linguística, que se interesse pela significação humana. Interessa-nos investigar que pontos aproximam e distanciam semiótica e fenomenologia, fazendo ao mesmo tempo uma retomada de por que, em dado momento, a primeira se abeirou da segunda, naquilo que se convencionou chamar tournant phénoménologique da semiótica.Palavras-chave: Semiótica; Fenomenologia; Significação.RESUMÉ: Notre but dans ce article sera confronter et nous placer devant une question délicate e chère à tout les rechercheurs, aussi de filiation philosophique ou linguistique qui s'intéresse  par la signification humaine. Interesse-nous rechercher quels points approchent et éloignent sémiotique et phénoménologie, et au même temps reprendre le motif qui a fait, à certain moment, la prémière s'approcher de la deuxième, dans le nommé tournant phénoménologique de la sémiotique. Mots-clés: Sémiotique; Phénoménologie; Signification.
TEORIA DA NARRATIVA E EPISTEMOLOGIA Situação da narrativa em uma tipologia dos discursos/THEORY OF NARRATIVE AND EPISTEMOLOGY Situation of narrative in a typology of discourses
Authors: PORTELA Jean Cristtus
Published: April 2018

Resumo. Este artigo foi escrito há mais de trinta anos. Como não houve uma grande repercussão, seu tema não perdeu realmente a atualidade – ao menos para mim. Podemos também, entre trabalhos recentes sobre a questão, mencionar: o último capítulo de Arts et sciences du texte (Paris, PUF, 2001), que trata da tipologia de discursos e gêneros; para a semântica do texto filosófico, o estudo “L'Être naquit dans le langage” (Methodos, I, Lille, Presses du Septentrion, 2000, pp. 103-132); para a semântica de textos científicos e, mais geralmente, teóricos, “Semantics of theoretical texts”, (Flottum, K., Rastier, F. (ed), Academic Discourse, Multidisciplinary Approaches, Oslo, Novus Press, 2003). (Nota do autor para esta tradução).Abstract. This article was written over thirty years ago. As there was no major repercussion, his theme has not really lost its relevance - at least for me. We can also mention recent work on the subject: the last chapter of Arts et sciences du texte (Paris, PUF, 2001), which deals with the typology of discourses and genres; for the semantics of the philosophical text, the study "L'Être naquit dans le langage" (Methodos, I, Lille, Presses du Septentrion, 2000, pp. 103-132); for the semantics of scientific and, more generally, theoretical texts, "Semantics of theoretical texts", (Flottum, K., Rastier, F. (ed), Academic Discourse, Multidisciplinary Approaches, Oslo, Novus Press, 2003). (Author's note for this translation).
Infografías en las ciencias de la salud: aplicación al cuidado domiciliario
Authors: Sanz-Lorente María , Castejón-Bolea Ramón
Published: April 2018

La infografía es una técnica que combina imágenes y textos creada con el fin de comunicar información de manera visual para facilitar su transmisión. Es una herramienta efectiva para el aprendizaje en ciencias de la salud, siendo el proceso del diseño de la misma lo que resulta más beneficioso desde el punto de vista docente.La visualización de la información, mediante infografías, es un factor clave en la popularización de los aspectos técnico-biomédicos.En el área de la salud la infografía se ha convertido en un recurso importante para explicar procedimientos de atención, enfermedades, procesos médicos, funcionamiento de órganos y sistemas o situaciones relacionadas con la salud. En consecuencia, muchas instituciones sanitarias utilizan ya esta herramienta para informar a la población en general.No se pudo recuperar modelos de infografía sobre usos o aplicaciones en los servicios de atención de salud a domicilio. Sin embargo, si se encontraron al realizar la búsqueda en Google Images® y en plataformas como Pinterest®, la mayoría sobre beneficios de la atención domiciliaria, cuidados o dirigidas a personas mayores. Por tanto, serían necesarios estudios que evidenciaran la validez de las infografías en el cuidado del enfermo domiciliario.Sería deseable que los profesionales relacionados con los servicios de atención de salud a domicilio se involucraran más en el desarrollo de nuevas herramientas, como las infografías, que facilitaran la comunicación entre ellos y las personas necesitadas de sus cuidados.
Influencia de los suplementos nutricionales en la evolución de las heridas quirúrgicas abdominales complicadas de pacientes en hospitalización a domicilio
Authors: Wanden-Berghe Carmina , Santacruz Carmona Nieves , Cases Alarcón Catalina , Granell Lourdes , Gonzalez Valls Teresa , Miralles Marian , García Arantxa
Published: April 2018

Objetivo: Evaluar el impacto de los suplementos nutricionales en pacientes ingresados en la Unidad de Hospitalización a Domicilio con heridas quirúrgicas abdominales complicadas.Material y Métodos: Estudio retrospectivo de 67 pacientes que a su ingreso en la Unidad de Hospitalización a Domicilio presentaban heridas quirúrgicas abdominales complicadas. Se estudió el tipo y cantidad de suplemento recibido, Índice de Masa Corporal (IMC), albumina, tiempo y ciclos de antibioterapia.Resultados: La edad media de los 67 pacientes fue de 69,2 ±5,6. Todos los pacientes presentaban heridas abdominales abiertas y el 53,7% presentaban infección con antibioterapia intravenosa. Todos los pacientes recibieron algún tipo de suplemento nutricional (estándar 62,7%; inmunomodulador (Atempero®) 25,4% y otros 11,9%). Al mes de seguimiento el valor medio de albumina se había incrementado en todos los pacientes p=0,032 aunque la mayor diferencia la presentaron los pacientes que recibieron nutrición inmunomoduladora p=0,001. La estancia media fue de 84,05±17,48 días hasta el alta, en el grupo del suplemento inmunomodulador fue de 77,18±13,72 días (p=0,001).Conclusiones: Los datos apoyan un beneficio de la suplementación oral en este tipo de pacientes mejorando su estado nutricional. El grupo que se suplementó con Atempero®, destacó tanto en la recuperación de los niveles de albumina como en una mejor evolución, lo que se traduce en un alta significativamente más precoz.
Effects of apple and orange juices on quality of refrigerated goat semen
Authors: Adekunle Ezekiel , Daramola James , Sowande Olusiji , Abiona John , Abioja Monsuru
Published: April 2018

This study investigated the effects of apple and orange juices on quality of
refrigerated spermatozoa of goat bucks. Semen samples from WAD goat bucks
were diluted with Tris-egg yolk extenders each supplemented with apple and
orange juices at 0, 2.5, 5, 7.5 and 10/100 ml of diluents. The diluted semen
samples were assessed for sperm viability and malondialdehyde (MDA)
concentration after in vitro storage for 240 hours at 5oC. The ability to
maintain sperm motility was higher in the extenders with 7.5% orange juice
followed by 10% apple juice compared to other treatments (P<0.05). The
extenders supplemented with 2.5%, 5% and 7.5% apple juice, and 5% orange
juice had higher intact acrosome compared to other treatments and the control
(P<0.05). The 10% orange juice had higher percentage membrane integrity
compared to other treatments. Consistent and reduced (P<0.05) MDA levels were
observed in the extenders supplemented with fruit juices and lower MDA was
observed in the extenders supplemented with 10% apple juice compared to other
treatments and the control (P<0.05). The findings reveal that additions of
the fruit juices to semen extenders to maintain the viability of refrigerated
spermatozoa were best at concentrations of 10 ml/100 ml of apple juice and
7.5 ml/100 ml of orange juice.
Small-scale family entrepreneurship as support to the neoliberal state in post-socialist Serbia
Authors: Djuric-Kuzmanovic Tatjana
Published: April 2018

This paper points to the danger of the neoliberal instrumentalization of
feminism in promoting family entrepreneurship as an emancipatory practice for
women. It criticizes the key myths of neoliberal feminism about the freedom
of choice that women have and their empowerment through family
entrepreneurship. To that end, and through empirical research, it explores
the benefits of women?s participation in the management of small-scale family
entrepreneurship and business in 30 micro and small-sized firms in the
traditional sectors, during the post-socialist transformation of Serbia. The
aim of this article is to show that the process of women?s emancipation does
not rest on these myths, but rather on the possibilities to change power
structures based on the logic of capital and the neoliberal state in the
semi-periphery of the world system, as well as the patriarchal gender
regimes, that reproduce the strong subordination of women. The economic,
social and moral benefits of entrepreneurship for women are debatable and
limited by the interests of big capital and the neoliberal state. The
possibilities of transforming gender relations through gender policies remain
limited, because they do not derive from critically situated feminist
discourse and do not correspond to the structural dispositions of a
semi-peripheral economy and society like Serbia.
Feminist approach to discursive critics of gender equality
Authors: Cickaric Lilijana
Published: April 2018

The article illustrates how the quality of gender equality policies is
constructed through policy debates in ways that are dependent on the
different discursive, institutional and structural factors specific to
various policy contexts. Discursive dynamics play an important role in
shaping the meanings of gender ?quality. The article discusses the relation
between hegemonic discourses on gender equality policies and feminist
presamptions and expectations. By discursive politics I mean the intentional
or unintentional engaging of policy actors in conceptual disputes that result
in meanings attributed to the terms and concepts employed in specific
contexts. The consequences of these discursive processes are depoliticizing
and degendering. The processes of bending gender equality to some other goal
depoliticize the issue of gender equality, thus not representing gender
equality as a political issue. One key element that is neutralized in the
depoliticization is the ?dimension of conflict? that is relevant because it
highlights power dynamics. Depoliticizing an issue tends to obscure its
discordant relations, its hierarchy of power, which, if recognized, could
have opened up possibilities for challenging that hierarchy. Depoliticization
in gender equality is also found in the idea of degendering. This refers to
how issues that were quite promisingly politicized and consciously gendered
soon after became de-gendered - the gender dimension was reduced,
neutralized, or abolished.
The Effect of External Auditors on Managerial Slack
Authors: Fang Junxiong , He Lerong , Shaw Tara Shankar
Published: April 2018

SYNOPSIS

We investigate the role of external auditors in constraining managerial slack. Using panel data on Chinese public firms, we find that firms hiring Big 8 auditors are associated with reduced managerial slack after controlling for the endogenous auditor choice. We also document that Big 8 auditors are more effective in mitigating slack in privately controlled firms and firms located in more developed regions. Moreover, we show that international Big 4 auditors are more effective than the domestic Big 4, and the Big 8 effect is more salient in more competitive and less regulated industries, and in industries with higher litigation risks. Finally, we document a positive relationship between managerial slack and audit fees, particularly in the presence of Big 8 auditors. Overall, our results suggest that high-quality external auditors play an important corporate governance role by serving as both bonding and controlling mechanisms to mitigate managerial exploitation of firm resources.

Data Availability: Data are publicly available from sources identified in the article.
MCP-1 Feedback Loop Between Adipocytes and Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Causes Fat Accumulation and Contributes to Hematopoietic Stem Cell Rarefaction in the Bone Marrow of Patients With Diabetes
Authors: Ferland-McCollough David , Maselli Davide , Spinetti Gaia , Sambataro Maria , Sullivan Niall , Blom Ashley , Madeddu Paolo
Published: April 2018

Fat accumulates in bone marrow (BM) of patients with diabetes. In this study, we investigated the mechanisms and consequences of this phenomenon. BM mesenchymal stromal cells (BM-MSCs) from patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) constitutively express adipogenic markers and robustly differentiate into adipocytes (ADs) upon in vitro induction as compared with BM-MSCs from subjects without diabetes. Moreover, BM-ADs from subjects with T2D (T2D BM-ADs) paracrinally stimulate a transcriptional adipogenic program in BM-MSCs. Antagonism of MCP-1, a chemokine pivotally expressed in T2D BM-ADs, prevented the T2D BM-AD secretome from converting BM-MSCs into ADs. Mechanistic validation of human data was next performed in an obese T2D mouse model. Systemic antagonism of MCP-1 improved metabolic control, reduced BM fat, and increased osteocyte density. It also indirectly re-established the abundance of long-term versus short-term hematopoietic stem cells. We reveal a diabetic feedback loop in which 1) BM-MSCs are constitutively inclined to make ADs, and 2) mature BM-ADs, via secreted MCP-1, relentlessly fuel BM-MSC determination into new fat. Pharmacological inhibition of MCP-1 signaling can contrast this vicious cycle, restoring, at least in part, the balance between adipogenesis and hematopoiesis in BM from subjects with T2D.
Outcomes at 18 Months From a Community Health Worker and Peer Leader Diabetes Self-Management Program for Latino Adults
Authors: Spencer Michael S. , Kieffer Edith C. , Sinco Brandy , Piatt Gretchen , Palmisano Gloria , Hawkins Jaclynn , Lebron Alana , Espitia Nicolaus , Tang Tricia , Funnell Martha , Heisler Michele
Published: April 2018

OBJECTIVE

This study evaluated the effectiveness of a community health worker (CHW) diabetes self-management education (DSME) program, followed by two different approaches to maintain improvements in HbA1c and other clinical and patient-centered outcomes over 18 months.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

The study randomized 222 Latino adults with type 2 diabetes and poor glycemic control from a federally qualified health center to 1) a CHW-led, 6-month DSME program or 2) enhanced usual care (EUC). After the 6-month program, participants randomized to the CHW-led DSME were further randomized to 1) 12 months of CHW-delivered monthly telephone outreach (CHW-only) or 2) 12 months of weekly group sessions delivered by peer leaders (PLs) with telephone outreach to those unable to attend (CHW+PL). The primary outcome was HbA1c. Secondary outcomes were blood pressure, lipid levels, diabetes distress, depressive symptoms, understanding of diabetes self-management, and diabetes social support. Assessments were conducted at baseline and at 6, 12, and 18 months.

RESULTS

Participants in the CHW intervention at the 6-month follow-up had greater decreases in HbA1c (−0.45% [95% CI −0.87, −0.03]; P < 0.05) and in diabetes distress (−0.3 points [95% CI −0.6, −0.03]; P < 0.05) compared with EUC. CHW+PL participants maintained HbA1c improvements at 12 and 18 months, and CHW-only participants maintained improvements in diabetes distress at 12 and 18 months. CHW+PL participants also had significantly fewer depressive symptoms at 18 months compared with EUC (−2.2 points [95% CI −4.1, −0.3]; P < 0.05). Participants in CHW-led DSME had significant improvements in diabetes social support and in understanding of diabetes self-management at 6 months relative to EUC, but these intervention effects were not sustained at 18 months.

CONCLUSIONS

This study demonstrates the effectiveness of a 6-month CHW intervention on key diabetes outcomes and of a volunteer PL program in sustaining key achieved gains. These are scalable models for health care centers in low-resource settings for achieving and maintaining improvements in key diabetes outcomes.
Grunig ve Hunt Halkla İlişkiler Modelleri Çerçevesinde Emniyet Genel Müdürlüğü Kamu Spotlarının İncelenmesi Üzerine Bir Araştırma
Authors: Bayram Gülcan , Bayram Ahmet Şimşek
Published: April 2018

Halkla ilişkiler
kavramı iyi niyete dayalı ilişkiler geliştirme temeline dayanması ve doğruluk,
dürüstlük ilkeleri kapsamında çalışmalarını yürütmesi nedeniyle günümüzde önemi
gittikçe artan kavramlar arasında yer almaktadır. Zira halkla ilişkiler yapısı
gereği inandırıcılığı yüksek olan iletişim uygulamaları arasında bulunmaktadır.
Bu çalışma çağdaş polislik hizmetleri kapsamında yararlanılan halkla ilişkiler
uygulamalarını konu edinmektedir. Emniyet Genel Müdürlüğü tarafınca yayınlanan
kamu spotlarını Grunig ve Hunt halkla ilişkiler modelleri perspektifinden
incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Çalışmanın evrenini 2017 yılında yayınlanan güncel
kamu spotları oluşturmakla birlikte çalışmanın örneklemi 140 terör ihbar hattı
ve iletişim yolu ile dolandırıcılık kamu spotları ile sınırlandırılmıştır.
Çalışma kapsamında kamu spotlarının içeriğinin incelenmesinde İngiliz Kültürel
Çalışmacı Stuart Hall'ın yönteminden faydalanılmıştır. Yapılan inceleme
neticesinde kamu spotlarında çift yönlü asimetrik model izleri bulunmakla
birlikte halka doğru haber verme ve dürüstlük esasına dayanan kamuyu
bilgilendirme modelinin ağırlık bastığı saptanmıştır.
Literature Review on Green Supply Chain Management Concept and Problems During It’s Implementation
Authors: Baki Rahmi
Published: April 2018

Intensified
competition, accelerated technological developments, growing volume and
spectrum of international trade as well as ever-increasing environmental
threats, all of which characterize a globalized world order, caused the need
for an upgrade from conventional supply chain applications, one result being
Green Supply Chain Management (GSCM). Customers’ rising environmental
awareness, governments’ strict regulations and hikes in environmental threats
have forced businesses to be more environmentally friendly, as they have become
increasingly focused on environmental issues recently, resulting in a
heightened interest in GSCM applications. Consequently, a myriad of studies has
been conducted regarding GSCM. Nevertheless, businesses still have difficulties
in identifying and taking actions to mitigate the obstacles confronted with
during the management of green supply chains. The main objective of this study
is to determine these barriers faced during the transition to and application
of GSCM through extensive literature review and expert opinion. Even though
non-negligible portions of those obstacles originate from internal dynamics of
the business, some of those can also arise from customers, vendors and
governments. Literature review conducted has revealed twenty-four different
barriers. Therefore, it is being aimed that a roadmap will be structured for
businesses planning to migrate to GSCM applications as well as academics
pursuing studies on this issue.
STATUS SOSIAL EKONOMI PETERNAK KAMBING PERANAKAN ETAWA (PE) DI DESA SUNGAI LANGKA, KECAMATAN GEDONG TATAAN, KABUPATEN PESAWARAN PROVINSI LAMPUNG
Authors: Rumiyani Tri , Hamdani Muhammad Dima Iqbal
Published: April 2018

The aim of this research was to know social economic status of farmer groups Ettawa crossbred goat during the production and cost value of the milk. The research was held  on July – August 2016 in Ettawa farmer groups in Sungai Langka Village, Gedong Tataan District, Pesawaran Regency, Lampung Province. Material of this research were 40 samples from three farmer groups : Tunas Muda, Sehati jaya  and Margarini 6. The method of this research was a survey with purposive random sampling. Data were analyzed by descriptive analysis. The result showed each farmer groups had different social economic status during production and cost value of the milk. Keywords : Ettawa Crossbred Goat , Social Economic Status, Sungai Langka Village.
Training of socially responsible entrepreneurs in the higher education system of Russia
Authors:   Moscow Aviation Institute –  National Research University, Zubanova Svetlana Gennadievna
Published: April 2018

The research describes the current state of entrepreneurial training in the higher education system of Russia. The study notes that socially responsible entrepreneurship plays an important role in achieving the economic progress of the state. This explains the importance of quality training for entrepreneurs as a part of higher education programs. Training of business people based on the Russian Christian values is emphasized and exemplified by domestic entrepreneurs in pre-revolutionary Russia. At the same time, the research demonstrates that the higher education system lacks the standard for business people training. The paper assesses the available opportunities for getting a business education at the current stage. A set of skills and the main aspects of such subject as Social Responsibility are proposed. The author concludes that it is reasonable to include Entrepreneurship in Russian Joint Academic Coding System. In addition, there is a need to teach students to be socially responsible in their profession. Moreover, national values (including Orthodox ones) play a great role in the education of future entrepreneurs.
Mathematical statistics as a necessary component of professional training of medical university students
Authors:   Kuban State Medical University, Litvinova Tatyana Nikolaevna , Panchenko Elena Ivanovna ,   Kuban State Medical University
Published: April 2018

In the context of the modern requirements to the integration of science and education, training university graduate, including the medical one, a future doctor should have necessary mathematical skills which are to be developed during the first year of study at a medical university. The majority of senior students and graduates of medical high school have difficulties in using mathematical methods, especially the methods of mathematical statistics for solving research problems in their professional activities. To enhance the mathematical training of medical students, the authors designed a variable module in Mathematical Statistics within a mathematical unit of the joint course in Physics, Mathematics. This module is relevant and aimed at the development of future doctors’ general professional and professional skills focused on training medical university graduates for research and medical activities. In the authors’ opinion, it is reasonable to include an elective course on Mathematical Statistics in the curriculum in the fifth-sixth years of study in medical high school. The study of mathematical statistics within the course in Physics, Mathematics, attendance at science clubs and academic conferences will motivate students to study this unit, help them master a course, and improve their professional competence.
Development of instructional competence of a foreign language teacher in a distance refresher course
Authors:   Shadrinsk State Pedagogical University, Dubakov Artyom Viktorovich
Published: April 2018

Instructional competence of a foreign language teacher is one of his/her most important professional features. The baseline of instructional competence training is a higher educational establishment. Refresher courses, which are increasingly distance ones, play a significant role in its further development. However, due to a certain inconsistency, a lot of items of distance courses delivery require a special consideration. The objective of the study is to analyze the facilities of a distance refresher course when developing instructional competence of a foreign language teacher. The following results are obtained: the contents and structure of instructional competence of a foreign language teacher are specified; the advantages and disadvantages of distance refresher courses for foreign languages teachers are brought out; the peculiarities of creation and the possible contents of a distance course on the basis of LMS Moodle consisting of theoretical, practical and control units are revealed. The conclusion about the efficacy of a distance refresher course in the development of instructional competence of a foreign language teacher is drawn.
The impact of international labor migration on the social and economic development of the host country
Authors:   Industrial University of Tyumen, Sheveleva Nadezhda Pavlovna , Savkina Natalia Gennadievna ,   Tyumen State University, Panarina Daria Andreevna ,   Industrial University of Tyumen
Published: April 2018

In the context of global migration processes development, merging national employment markets into a single global market, the issue of international labor migration is becoming more relevant for the host country. The research considers the dynamics, territorial aspect and (professional, age and sex) structure of international labor migration, the educational level of migrants (and its applicability) and the reasons for their high competitiveness on the domestic labor market from an employer’s perspective. The employment structures of the local population and labor migrants with the regard to their occupational skills are compared. The importance of labor migration for labor-exporting states is analyzed. The study reveals positive and negative effects of labor migration on the host country (social, cultural, economic ones). The areas of migration policy improvement in the Russian Federation are systematized.
The level of consumer ethnocentrism in Russia
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Martynova Anastasia Sergeevna
Published: April 2018

The study deals with changes in the economic situation in Russia and the importance of the Russian consumer choice in modern conditions. Consumer behavior is analyzed in terms of patriotism; in particular, consumer ethnocentrism is elaborated. The paper summarizes the history of ethnocentrism research in the economic sphere, namely in consumer behavior. The main factors influencing the level of consumer ethnocentrism are identified. They include social and psychological, political, economic and demographic factors. The content of the main groups of factors is determined. The relevant factors affecting the consumer behavior in the current situation are highlighted. The paper presents the findings of studies (mostly international ones) of consumer ethnocentrism in Russia and the results of the author’s research conducted at the beginning of 2018. It is concluded that there has been the rise of patriotism and consumer ethnocentrism in recent years. However, to increase the consumption of Russian-made goods, the productive sector of the country is to be developed and supported.
Adaptive sports in modern Russia: ideology of public administration
Authors:   Ural Institute of Management –  branch of the Russian Presidential Academy of  National Economy and Public Administration, Savvulidi Mikhail Pavlovich
Published: April 2018

The paper deals with the history of adaptive sports, the international theoretical studies on the inclusion of disabled people in urban and educational space, and the practice of creating an inclusive architectural design, the favorable social and psychological environment to include disabled people in education, labor, and arts. The author considers methods and ideology of adaptive sports management in the USSR, the humane attitude towards people with disabilities based on public, health, social, and economic support. This ideology of public administration should be called the ideology of public assistance. The author presents the management structure for the adaptive sports in the Russian Federation. This structure consists of the hierarchical levels which have been simultaneously developed. The jurisdictions of each authority is strictly defined. The study reveals the trend towards the de-emphasis on the adaptive sports. Thus, the construction of special facilities is reduced, and the number of disabled athletes is decreased. Besides, there are no new educational programs for training experts in the adaptive sports.
Easy Econometrics by Student Worksheet
Authors: Sholikhah Ni’matush , Mustika Dewi Retno , Tjipto Subroto Waspodo
Published: April 2018

Students have difficulty in understanding Econometrics. Based on existing problems, needed a learning materials in the form of Worksheets based on Practice which is capable of supporting courses of Econometrics as well as being able to cultivate self-reliance in students. The purpose of this study is to describe (1) development of student activity sheets on teaching Econometrics, (2) the feasibility of the development of student activity sheets based on teaching Econometrics, (3) student learning outcomes after using Student worksheets based on practical Econometrics, and (4) the response of the students of Student-based teaching worksheets Econometrics. This research uses a type of research development by using 4 d approach (Four-D models). The products of this activity are embodied in materials in the form of worksheets students practical work-based, where in each of the basic skills that exist within the courses of Econometrics will be served content material, Practical tutorial with the help data processing software, as well as Practical case studies. Based on the review and validation of content and media expert expert each obtained a score of 31% and 35% with the criteria. Thus the student activity sheet-based practical feasibility in the process of teaching and learning activities.
Evaluation of various gastrojejunostomy tube constructs for enteral support of small animal patients
Authors: Risselada Marije , Griffith Emily , Kapler Meredith , McDonald-Lynch Mischa
Published: April 2018

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the feasibility of manufacturing gastrojejunostomy tubes from jejunostomy and gastrostomy tubes that would allow for gastric and enteral feeding of and aspiration of gastric contents from small animal patients.

DESIGN In vitro study.

SAMPLE 9 gastrojejunostomy constructs.

PROCEDURES Commercially available gastrostomy and jejunostomy tubes were combined to create 9 constructs. Three investigators tested each construct with 4 solutions (tap water, a commercial enteral diet, and 2 canned food–water mixtures) and 3 syringe sizes for ease of injection through the gastrostomy and jejunostomy tubes and aspiration through the gastrostomy tube. Flow rates were calculated and analyzed to evaluate effects of tube diameter and syringe size for each solution.

RESULTS The 20F/8F, 24F/8F, 28F/8F, and 28F/10F (gastrostomy tube/jejunostomy tube) constructs allowed for injection and aspiration of all solutions. The 5F jejunostomy tubes allowed only water to be injected, whereas the 8F jejunostomy tubes did not allow injection of the canned food–water mixtures. The 20F/10F construct did not allow injection or aspiration through the gastrostomy tube, whereas the 18F/8F construct allowed injection but not aspiration through the gastrostomy tube. Faster flow rates through the gastrostomy tube were associated with larger gastrostomy tube diameter, smaller jejunostomy tube diameter, and smaller syringe size. Faster flow rates through the jejunostomy tube were associated with smaller jejunostomy tube diameter.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Results suggested that homemade gastrojejunostomy constructs would allow for administration of a variety of enteral diets. Limitations to the administration and aspiration of various enteral diets as well as patient needs should be considered before a gastrojejunostomy tube combination is chosen.
Hydroxyapatite-ciprofloxacin delivery system: Synthesis, characterisation and antibacterial activity
Authors: Ciocilteu Maria-Viorica , Mocanu Andreea Gabriela , Mocanu Adriana , Ducu Catalin , Nicolaescu Oana Elena , Manda Valentin Costel , Turcu-Stiolica Adina , Nicolicescu Claudiu , Melinte Razvan , Balasoiu Maria , Croitoru Octavian , Neamtu Johny
Published: April 2018

The main objective of this study was to synthesize hydroxyapatite-ciprofloxacin composites using a chemical precipitation method and to evaluate the properties and in vitro release profile of the drug from the hydroxyapatite-ciprofloxacin composites. Composite characterization was achieved by FT-IR, XRD and DLS. Ciprofloxacin determination was accomplished by HPLC, resulting in good incorporation efficiency of the drug (18.13 %). The in vitro release study (Higuchi model C = K t
1/2 and Ritger-Peppas model, C = K t
0.6) showed a diffusion-controlled mechanism. The antibacterial activity showed that the bacterial growth inhibition zones were approximately equal for the synthesis composites and for the mechanical mixture on the Staphylococcus aureus germ.

The use of hydroxyapatite, which is a biocompatible, bioactive and osteoconductive material, with ciprofloxacin, which has good antibacterial activity in this composite, makes it suitable for the development of bone grafts. Furthermore, the synthesis process allows a slow local release of the drug.
Topical antifungal bigels: Formulation, characterization and evaluation
Authors: Mazurkeviciute Agne , Ramanauskiene Kristina , Ivaskiene Marija , Grigonis Aidas , Briedis Vitalis
Published: April 2018

Bigels with antifungal substances, ciclopirox olamine and terbinafine hydrochloride, were made of hydrogel (poloxamer 407 gel) and oleogel (polyethylene and liquid paraffin mixture). Prepared bigels were found physically stable at room temperature for six months and at least four months at 40 °C. Released amount of drug decreased when oleogel concentration in the formulation increased. Release test results depended on the insertion place of active substances. The amount of released substance was highest when ciclopirox olamine was incorporated in both phases in an equal quantity, and terbinafine hydrochloride in oleogel or in hydrogel. All formulations showed great inhibition of Microsporum canis. Thus, bigels with ciclopirox olamine and terbinafine hydrochloride are a promising dosage form for topical use.
Reversed phase HPLC for strontium ranelate: Method development and validation applying experimental design
Authors: Kovács Béla , Kántor Lajos Kristóf , Croitoru Mircea Dumitru , Kelemen Éva Katalin , Obreja Mona , Nagy Előd Ernő , Székely-Szentmiklósi Blanka , Gyéresi Árpád
Published: April 2018

A reverse-phase HPLC (RP-HPLC) method was developed for strontium ranelate using a full factorial, screening experimental design. The analytical procedure was validated according to international guidelines for linearity, selectivity, sensitivity, accuracy and precision. A separate experimental design was used to demonstrate the robustness of the method. Strontium ranelate was eluted at 4.4 minutes and showed no interference with the excipients used in the formulation, at 321 nm. The method is linear in the range of 20–320 μg mL−1 (R2
= 0.99998). Recovery, tested in the range of 40–120 μg mL−1, was found to be 96.1–102.1 %. Intra-day and intermediate precision RSDs ranged from 1.0–1.4 and 1.2–1.4 %, resp. The limit of detection and limit of quantitation were 0.06 and 0.20 μg mL−1, resp. The proposed technique is fast, cost-effective, reliable and reproducible, and is proposed for the routine analysis of strontium ranelate.