bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Presence of Left Ventricular Diastolic Dysfunction in Patients of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: Ullah Kaleem , Niaz Zafar , Mumtaz Sami Ullah , Abaidullah Sajid
Published: May 2018

The relationship between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and cardiovascular diseases strongly exists as diastolic dysfunction is commonly reported in COPD patients. Objective: This study was conducted to determine the presence of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in patients of COPD. Material and Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in Mayo Hospital Lahore for one year. A total of 50 confirmed cases of COPD were included in the study. History of smoking was taken and subjects were examined for positive signs for the clinical, ECG, x-ray chest PA view and pulmonary function tests. Additionally, they were subjected to echocardiography and left ventricular diastolic dysfunctions were noted. Results: In our study, mean age of the patients was 60.7±6.2 years and mean FEV1/FVC ratio was 56.9±14.3%. Similarly mean ejection fraction of the patients turned out to be 60.6±4.6. The mean peak mitral filling velocity of the patients was 69.8±15.9 cm/s. The mean peak mitral filling rate of the patients was 57.2±30.9 cm/s and mean E/A ratio was 1.3±0.3. The mean iso-volumetric relaxation time of the patients was 84.2±14.7 msec. The mean mitral E deceleration time of the patients was 187.4±25.1 msec. The mean atrial flow reversal was 0.28±0.04. There were 14 (28%) patients having left ventricular diastolic dysfunction. Conclusion: COPD patients had left ventricular diastolic dysfunction and it was related to increase in pulmonary artery pressure.
Demographic Characteristics of Tuberculosis Patients at Public Sector Health Facilities in Lahore, Pakistan
Authors: Tabassum Masood Nizam , Khan Muhammad Ather , Afzal Saira , Gilani Amir , Gureja Abdul Wahab , Tabassum Shafaq
Published: May 2018

Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious chronic bacterial disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB). More than 95% of cases and deaths are reported in developing countries. Tuberculosis affects all age groups but adults are mostly affected in their most productive age. However, all age groups are at risks. In theworld, TB is one of the major killer infectious diseases, which place it in one of the top 5 causes of death for females aged 15 to 44. The death rate due to this isease has declined by 47% from 1990 to 2015.Objective: This study was conducted to determine the demographic parameters of patients of Tuberculosis at public sector health facilities Lahore, Pakistan.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in outpatient Department of chest Medicine in Public sector health facilities Lahore, Pakistan from 1st January 2017 to 30th June 2017 after informed consent from Tuberculosis patients. After simple random sampling 1120 patients coming from different parts of the Punjabprovince were included in this study. Data were collected and analyzed by SPSS version 22. Results: A total of 1120 patients were included in this study; the mean age of cases was 33 ± 16.76 years with minimum and maximum age of 15 and 100 years. The median and mode of ages was 27 and 15 years, respectively. The most common age group was 15-24 years that comprised of 473(42.23%) of the cases. A total of 529(47.23%) patients were male and 591(52.77%) were female in this study. In male and female cases, frequency of cases was decreased as age increased. Both male and female cases had almost similar distribution of age. There were 830(74.11%) cases those belonged to Lahore while 25.895% were from other cities. Approximately 48.96% males and 38.92% females were educated, 37.24% males and 52.79% females had monthly income 10,000 or less whereas 34.82% males and 25.04% females had monthly income between ten thousands and thirty thousands.38.75% males and 44.84% females belonged to lower class.1004 (89.64%) cases were relapsed and 116(10.36%) were new cases. 366(32.68%) cases had pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and 754(67.32%) cases had extra pulmonary tuberculosis.Conclusion: There were 830(74.11%) cases that belonged to Lahore while 25.895 were from other cities. Majority of the cases were relapsed after treatment. The extra pulmonary lymph node was the most frequent site for involvement.
Correlation of Obesity with Hypertension in Medical Students
Authors: Aftab Rana Khurram , Ijaz Farhat , Jawed Samia
Published: May 2018

The relationship between obesity and hypertension has long been recognized. Overweight and obesity are disorders of balance of energy affecting people of various ethnic groups, age and socio–economic statuses. It has been found that obesity is closely associated and correlated with hypertension. Preventive strategies for obesity may offer a cost-effective approach towards lowering blood pressure. Objectives: To determine the frequency of obesity according to body mass index and waist hip ratio and its relationship with hypertension among medical students. Methodology: It was a descriptive cross sectional study where a total of 213 students of 1st year MBBS and BDS were involved. Their waist circumference, hip circumference, height and weight were recorded. Moreover, on these subjects bosy mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist hip ratio (WHR) were calculated and blood pressure was recorded. Results: Amongst 213 students, a total of 97(45.5%) were male and 116 (54.5%) were females. Among studied subjects, 2 (2.1%) males and 8 (6.9%) females were underweight, whereas 55(56.7%) male and52(44.8%) were of normal weight. The prevalence of overweight in male and females was 17(17.5%) and 22(19.0%), prevalence in obese I in male and female was 20(20.6%) and 23(19.8%), and obese II was 3(3.1%) and 11(9.5%) respectively. Frequency of obesity was found to be more in females than in males according to BMI and WHR. Hypertension was present in 12(30.8%) normal weight students, 6(15.4%) overweight, 14(35.9%) obese I and 7(17.9%) obese II subjects. Correlation between BMI, WC, and WHR was positively significant with SBP and DBP. Conclusion: High prevalence of overweight and obesity was observed in students. Strong positive correlation of BMI, WC and WHR with systolic and diastolic blood pressures was shown in our study. Results of this study indicate that increase in BMI leads to increase in hypertension.
Comparison of Lecture Based and Modified Team Based Learning in Achieving Cognitive Skills in Medical Education
Authors: Tahira Quratul Ain , Lodhi Sidrah , Abaidullah Sajid
Published: May 2018

Current study was designed to compare effectiveness of lecture-based and modified team-based learning in achieving cognitive skills in resident doctors.Methodology: This comparative cross sectional study was conducted on medical floor in Mayo Hospital, Lahore. Resident doctors (RDs) including house officers (HOs) and postgraduate residents (PGRs) were divided into two groups for lecture based learning (LBL) and modified team based learning (mTBL) on the topic of “health promotion and disease prevention”. All RDs undertook individual readiness assurance test (IRAT) and final (FT) tests where FT pertained to six cognitive domains. Statistical testing for IRAT and FT scores and performance in early and advanced domains were performed taking p-value < 0.05 as significant.Results: A total of 53 RDs including 58.49% HOs and 41.51% PGRs participated in the study with similar distribution among mTBL and LBL groups. The mean IRAT scores for LBL and mTBL groups were 41.03±17.79&44.17±19.54, respectively (p-value 0.272). The overall FT scores were 40.26±15.17 &48.02±17.57 for LBL and mTBL respectively (p-value 0.045). The FT scores in early domains were 34.81±14.93&56.12±15.1 for LBL and mTBL groups (p-value 0.000). The scores of advanced domains were 35.53±12.65 and 30.56±14.73 for LBL and mTBL (p-value 0.301). PGRs performed better than HOs in early domains (p-value 0.043) but not in advanced domains. There was no difference in performance of male and female RDs. Conclusion: After a single session, mTBL significantly improved performance in early cognitive domains but not in advanced cognitive domains.
Expression of HMG-Coareductase in Breast Carcinoma and its Association with Estrogen Receptor and Progesterone Receptor Status
Authors: Anjum Zartasha , Bajwa Rakhshindah , Hassan Munazza
Published: May 2018

Statins are the drugs that target 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase (HMGCoAR). Several studies have reported the anti-tumoral properties of statins by exhibiting anti-proliferative properties in HMG-CoAR positive breast carcinomas. Increased efficacy has also been observed when these were used as combination therapy along with tamoxifen in estrogen receptor (ER) and HMG-COAR positive breast carcinomas. However, in our local population, expression of HMG-COAR is not investigated. The objective of our study was to examine the expression of HMG-CoAR in primary breast carcinomas and determine its association with ER/PR expression. Material & Methods: Cross-sectional analytical study was conducted to examine the immunohistochemical expression of HMG-CoAR in 75 cases of breast carcinoma. Study was carried out in postgraduate medical institute, Lahore. The frequency and percentage were calculated for histological grade of the tumor and expression of HMG-CoAR, ER and PR. Fischer exact test was applied to determine the association between HMG-CoAR and ER/PR expression. Results: HMG CoAR, ER and PR were found positive in 69 (92%), 50 (66.67%) and 38 (50.67%) cases, respectively. HMG CoAR expression showed significant association with ER (p=0.003) as well as with PR (p= 0.014). Conclusion: Through results of our study, it is concluded that there is positive association between HMG CoAR and ER/PR statuses. Clinical trials are needed to establish the predictive role of HMG-CoAR expression as a target for statin therapy in breast carcinoma.
Relationship between Arterial and Venous Blood Gases in Patients Presenting with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: Nusrullah Muhammad , Younus Muhammad , Nasir Yasir
Published: May 2018

Arterial blood gas analysis is an important test for determining acid base balance of the body. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is characterized by chronic airflow limitation which is not fully reversible and it can lead to respiratory failure. Objective: To determine the correlation between arterial and venous blood gases in patients presenting with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Material and Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted at Department of Chest Medicine, Mayo Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan. After meeting the inclusion criteria, 100 patients were enrolled. Informed consent was taken and demographic information was obtained. Blood sample was obtained anaerobically from the radial artery and from a dorsal hand vein using 2 separate 5cc BD heparinized syringes with needle size 22G for each patientand pH, PCO2, and HCO3 were analyzed. All the collected data was entered and analyzed on SPSS version 21.Results: The mean age of the patients was 52.68±10.51 years. Strong relationship was found between the VBGs and ABGs in pH, PCO2 and HCO3 i.e. r=0.913, 0.999 and 0.994 (p-value <0.0001), respectively. Conclusion: A strong correlation was found among ABG’s and VBGs in patients presenting with COPD.
Innovative Ways to Promote Children’s Mental Health: Developing Accessible and Sustainable School Mental Health Services in Pakistan
Authors: Imran Nazish
Published: May 2018

According to World Health Organization (WHO), approximately 10-15% of children and adolescents worldwide suffer from mental health problems.(1) The WHO also highlights that “Lack of attention to mental health of children & adolescents may lead to mental disorders with lifelong consequences, undermines compliance with health regimens and reduces the capacity of societies to be safe and productive”. (2) More than half of all mental disorders have an onset in childhood and adolescence with suicide being the third leading cause of death among adolescents. (1), (3) Child & adolescent mental health thus needs to be considered & emphasized as an integral component of overall health & growth of young population. Youth with positive mental health have positive self-efficacy beliefs, are productive and able to tackle developmental challenges adequately.
Insights into Anti-Trypanosomal Agents Based on Synthetic Glycoconjugates
Authors: Campo Vanessa Leiria , Marchiori Marcelo Fiori , Carvalho Ivone
Published: May 2018

Chagas disease is still a worldwide threat, with estimated 6 to 7 million infected people,
mainly in Latin America. Current treatments still rely only on benznidazol and nifurtimox, drugs with
poor efficacy in chronic infection phase and recognized toxicity. Thus, there is an urgent need for new
therapeutic agents against this disease. In this review we present an updated selection over the last decade
of synthetic glycoconjugates as anti-trypanosomal agents, properly addressed as monosaccharideand
disaccharide-based agents, and multivalent-based derivatives, disclosing relevant methods for their
synthesis, along with their activities on T. cruzi and its trans-sialidase (TcTS). In addition, synthetic glycoconjugates
as potential vaccines and diagnostic antigens against T. cruzi are also reported.
Pengaruh spiritualitas kerja terhadap kepuasan kerja dosen Politeknik Negeri Manado
Authors: Mengko Seska Meily Hermin , Sambeka Vesty Like
Published: May 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah ada pengaruh positif langsung spiritualitas kerja terhadap kepuasan kerja. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode kuantitatif. Sampel penelitian ini adalah 174 responden yang dipilih secara acak. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan: adanya pengaruh positif langsung spiritualitas kerja terhadap kepuasan kerja dosen. Sebagai implikasi dari temuan penelitian ini adalah bahwa meningkatkan kepuasan kerja dan spiritualitas kerja dosen harus dipertimbangkan.Kata kunci: spiritualitas kerja, kepuasan kerja THE EFFECT OF SPIRITUALITY OF WORK ON LECTURE’S JOB SATISFACTION OF THE MANADO STATE POLYTECHNICAbstractThe objective of this research is to study the direct effect of the spirituality of work on job satisfaction of the lecture’s the Manado State Polytechnic. The research aimed at examining whether there is a direct positive influence of spirituality of work on job satisfaction. This research was conducted using quantitative methods. The samples of this research were 174 lectures selected randomly. The result of the research concluded: there is a direct positive influence of the spirituality of work toward lecturer’s job satisfaction. As the implication of this research finding are that improve lecture’s job satisfaction and spirituality of work must be taken into consideration.Keywords: the spirituality of work, job satisfaction
Keefektifan implementasi sistem manajemen mutu (SMM) ISO 9001: 2008 di SMA Negeri Kabupaten Sleman
Authors: Setyoningrum Muthia Umi
Published: May 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui tingkat keefektifan, kendala yang dihadapi, dan solusi sekolah untuk mengatasi kendala dalam implementasi Sistem Manajemen Mutu (SMM) ISO 9001: 2008 di SMA Negeri Kabupaten Sleman. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian evaluasi model Discrepancy Provus dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Instrumen pengumpulan data berupa angket  dan pedoman wawancara. Validitas instrumen berupa validitas logis dan empiris. Validitas empiris dihitung dengan teknik Point Biserial,  reliabilitasnya dihitung dengan teknik Kuder-Richardson (KR.20). Teknik analisis data adalah persentase. Hasil penelitian: (1) Keefektifan implementasi SMM ISO 9001: 2008 di SMA Negeri Kabupaten Sleman mencapai 85,89% dan kesenjangan 14,11% dengan kriteria “Efektif”. (2) Kendala implementasi: keterbatasan dana; pola pikir dan etos kerja yang rendah; lemahnya komitmen dan respon guru; penyimpanan dan penomoran dokumen yang belum efektif; perbedaan format dokumen. (3) Solusi sekolah: penetapan skala prioritas; meningkatkan kesiapan QMR; meningkatkan pelatihan awareness ISO; meningkatkan peran pengendalian dokumen; menyederhanakan penomoran dokumen; bekerjasama dengan tim.Kata Kunci: keefektifan, Sistem Manajemen Mutu (SMM) ISO 9001: 2008 THE EFFECTIVENESS OF IMPLEMENTATION ISO 9001:2008 QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (QMS) IN SMA NEGERI KABUPATEN SLEMANAbstractThis study aims to determine the level of effectiveness, obstacles encountered, and school solution to overcome the obstacles in the implementation of the Quality Management System (QMS) ISO 9001: 2008 in SMA Sleman. It is an evaluation research with Discrepancy Provus model with quantitative approach. The instruments of data collection were the questionnaire and interview guides. The validity of the instruments was logical and empirical. Empirical validity was measured by Point Biserial in which the reliability was measured by Kuder-Richardson. The data analysis technique was the percentage. The results: (1) The effectiveness of implementing ISO 9001: 2008 QMS in SMA Negeri Kabupaten Sleman is 85.89% and the discrepancy is 14.11 % with criteria of “Effective. (2)  The obstacles: limited funds; the lake of mindset and work ethic; weak commitment and response of the teachers; ineffective document storage and numbering; different document format. (3) Solutions: determination of priority scale; readiness of QMR; improvement of training of ISO awareness and document handling role; simplification of document numbering; cooperation with the team.Keywords: effectiveness, ISO 9001: 2008 Quality Management System (QMS)
The effect of Lectora inspire-based interactive learning media in vocational high school
Authors: Akbarini Nur Rahmi , Murtini Wiedy , Rahmanto Andre N
Published: May 2018

The objective of research was to reveal: (1) the learning outcome of students in experiment class, (2) the learning outcome of students in control class, (3) the effect of lectora inspire-based interactive learning media on the learning outcome of students. This study was a quasi-experiment research with Pretest-Posttest Control Design with students of SMK Negeri 6 Surakarta being the subject of research. The instruments used in this research were questionnaire and test. The result of research showed that: (1) the learning outcome for experiment class indicated mean posttest value of 84.53, (2) the learning outcome for control class indicated mean posttest value of 71.73, and (3) there was an effect of Lectora Inspire-based interactive learning media on the learning outcome of students, as can be seen from the result of t-test calculation with t statistic 0,000< t table 0.05. The conclusion of research was that there was a difference of effect of lectora inspire-based interactive learning media application on the learning outcome of students between control and experiment classes.
Managing and Controlling Stress Using mHealth: Systematic Search in App Stores (Preprint)
Authors: Blázquez Martín David , De La Torre Isabel , Garcia-Zapirain Begonya , Lopez-Coronado Miguel , Rodrigues Joel
Published: May 2018

BACKGROUND

Traditional stress management techniques have been proven insufficient to tackle the needs of today’s population. Computational-based techniques and now mobile health (mHealth) apps are showing promise to enable ease of use and access while educating end users on self-management.

OBJECTIVE

The main aim of this paper was to put forward a systematic review of mHealth apps for stress management.

METHODS

The scenario chosen for this study consists of a sample of the most relevant mHealth apps found on the British and Spanish online stores of the two main mobile operating systems: iOS and Android. The apps have been categorized and scored base on their impact, presence, number of results, language, and operating system.

RESULTS

A total of 433 different mobile apps for stress management was analyzed. Of these apps, 21.7% (94/433) belonged to the “relaxing music” category, 10.9% (47/433) were in the “draw and paint” category, 1.2% (5/433) belonged to the “heart rate control” category, and 1.2% (5/433) fell under “integral methodology.” Only 2.0% (8/433) of the apps qualified as high or medium interest while 98.0% were low interest. Furthermore, 2.0% (8/433) of the apps were available on both iOS and Android, and 98% of apps ran on only one platform (iOS or Android).

CONCLUSIONS

There are many low-value apps available at the moment, but the analysis shows that they are adding new functionalities and becoming fully integrated self-management systems with extra capabilities such as professional assistance services and online support communities.
Autoeficacia y estilos de afrontamiento al estrés en estudiantes universitarios
Authors: Piergiovanni Lucía Florencia , Depaula Pablo Domingo
Published: May 2018

La presente investigación analizó la relación entre los niveles de Autoeficacia presentes en estudiantes universitarios y los Estilos de Afrontamiento al Estrés utilizados para hacer frente a demandas internas y externas. Se seleccionó una muestra de 126 estudiantes  a quienes se les administró la Escala de Autoeficacia General, el Cuestionario de Estilos de Afrontamiento al Estrés y un cuestionario sociodemográfico. Los resultados indican que quienes presentan un mayor nivel de Autoeficacia utilizan los Estilos de Afrontamiento al Estrés Focalizado en la solución del problema y Reevaluación positiva. Por otro lado, quienes presentaron menor nivel de Autoeficacia recurren al estilo de afrontamiento Autofocalización negativa.
Recursos del Desarrollo en la Adolescencia – Revisión Integrativa
Authors: Soares Ana , Pais-Ribeiro José L , Silva Isabel
Published: May 2018

El modelo de Recursos del Desarrollo - "Developmental Assets®" - asocia características ecológicas positivas a competencias y valores personales con el propósito de comprender un desarrollo óptimo en la adolescencia. El objetivo de la presente revisión es describir, analizar y discutir los resultados de la utilización de este modelo. Como criterio de elegibilidad se definió la inclusión de estudios que exploran el modelo de Recursos del Desarrollo en el marco de la perspectiva del Desarrollo Positivo en la Adolescencia. Se consideró la investigación de publicaciones con recurso a las bases de datos electrónicas Web of Science, ERIC, Science Direct y SciELO, realizada entre marzo a mayo de 2017. En esta revisión se incluyeron 29 artículos publicados entre 1998 a 2015. Se verifica la adopción de diversos métodos en cuanto a la identificación de recursos, evaluación y aplicabilidad. El modelo demuestra ser culturalmente válido, relevante, en diferentes contextos y características socioeconómicas, sugiriéndose su aplicabilidad y utilidad como estrategia de un desarrollo positivo en la adolescencia.
Espiritualidad y personalidad en el marco de los Big Five
Authors: Lemos Viviana , Oñate María Emilia
Published: May 2018

El objetivode este trabajo ha sido evaluar en nuestro contexto, si la espiritualidad emerge como un factor diferente dentro del modelo de los Big Five. A partir de un muestreo no probabilístico, participaron 186 sujetos de entre 18 y 28 años, de la ciudad de Paraná, Entre Ríos, Argentina. Los resultados obtenidos a partir de dos análisis factoriales muestran que los aspectos vinculados a la espiritualidad y la religiosidad, con excepción de la sub dimensión conexión,conformaron un factor independiente y no redundante con el modelo de los Big Five. Estos hallazgos permiten evaluar el rol de la espiritualidad y religiosidad dentro de una teoría de la personalidad que incluyendo este importante aspecto brinde una mirada más holística en la comprensión de las diferencias individuales en torno a la personalidad humana.
Intervención con familias de alumnos con bajo desempeño escolar
Authors: Pozzobon Magda , Falcke Denise , Marin Angela Helena
Published: May 2018

Este estudio, de enfoque mixto y diseño preexperimental con pre y post-test con un grupo, tuvo el objetivo de evaluar una intervención en el sistema familiar de estudiantes adolescentes con bajo rendimiento académico, inscriptos en dos escuelas municipales de São Leopoldo/RS. Siete familias participaron de una intervención y respondieron al Inventario de Percepción de Apoyo Familiar y una entrevista semiestructurada para los padres y los adolescentes. El rendimiento escolar fue evaluado por medio de conceptos. La intervención se llevó a cabo en cuatro sesiones quincenales de noventa minutos utilizando recursos expresivos. El análisis cualitativo indicó una mejora en el diálogo y la unión familiar, así como la adquisición de comportamientos relacionados con normas, límites y la organización de horarios para estudio, datos que fueron confirmados por el análisis cuantitativo. Se destaca la importancia de desarrollar intervenciones en el sistema familiar para ayudar a los padres a entender la necesidad de participar en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de los niños.
Algunos enlaces conceptuales entre psicopatología del desarrollo, personalidad y evaluación psicológica infantojuvenil
Authors: Contini Norma
Published: May 2018

Objetivos: 1) analizar conceptos sobre psicopatología infantojuvenil que permitan abordar la normalidad/anormalidad del comportamiento. Se deslindan conceptos de temperamento, carácter y personalidad. 2) considerar donde situar los trastornos que se detectan en el área emocional en la infancia. Se discute si corresponde hacerlo bajo el concepto de personalidad.  Se desarrollan teorías de las que han derivado pruebas de evaluación de la personalidad en niños y adolescentes. Se concluye que no hay datos empíricos suficientes que permitan aseverar la estabilidad del temperamento; sería prudente conceptualizar la personalidad como estructura a partir de la adolescencia; en la infancia sería factible enunciarla solo en torno a dimensiones. La comunicación supone una reflexión crítica de conceptos de psicopatología del desarrollo, trastornos emocionales de inicio en la infancia y su vinculación con el concepto de personalidad que se presentan dispersos en la literatura y que sirven de respaldo a la evaluación psicológica.
Acoustic indices as rapid indicators of avian diversity in different land-use types in an Indian biodiversity hotspot
Authors: Buxton Rachel T. , Agnihotri Samira , Robin V. V. , Goel Anurag , Balakrishnan Rohini
Published: May 2018

Passive acoustic monitoring is a potentially valuable tool in biodiversity hotspots, where surveying can occur at large scales across land conversion types. However, in order to extract meaningful biological information from resulting enormous acoustic datasets, rapid analytical techniques are required. Here we tested the ability of a suite of acoustic indices to predict avian bioacoustic activity in recordings collected from the Western Ghats, a biodiversity hotspot in southwestern India. Recordings were collected at 28 sites in a range of land-use types, from tea, coffee, and cardamom plantations to remnant forest stands. Using 36 acoustic indices we developed random forest models to predict the richness, diversity, and total number of avian vocalizations observed in recordings. We found limited evidence that acoustic indices predict the richness and total number of avian species vocalizations in recordings (R2 < 0.51). However, acoustic indices predicted the diversity of avian species vocalizations with high accuracy (R2 = 0.64, mean squared error = 0.17). Index models predicted low and high diversity best, with the highest residuals for medium diversity values and when continuous biological sounds were present (e.g., insect sounds >8 sec). The acoustic complexity index and roughness index were the most important for predicting avian vocal diversity. Avian species richness was generally higher among shade-grown crops than in the open tea plantation. Our results suggest that models incorporating acoustic indices can accurately predict low and high avian species diversity from acoustic recordings. Thus, ecoacoustics could be an important contributor to biodiversity monitoring across landscapes like the Western Ghats, which are a complex mosaic of different land-use types and face continued changes in the future.
To know or not to know: uncertainty is the answer. Synthesis of six different science exhibition contexts
Authors: Thuneberg Helena , Salmi Hannu
Published: May 2018

This meta-article aims to explore the role of uncertainty in knowing in informal science learning contexts. Subjects (N=2591) were sixth-graders from four countries. In addition to the correct and incorrect questionnaire alternatives, there was a "don't know" option to choose if uncertain of the answer. The unique path-analysis finding showed that the role of motivation was uniformly positive on correct and negative on uncertainty of answers. In all contexts the number of correct answers increased, incorrect and uncertain answers decreased. Interestingly, although there was no more difference in knowledge pro boys after the intervention, the girls were still more uncertain.
KONSEP PENDIDIKAN BIRRUL WALIDAIN DALAM QS. LUQMAN (31): 14 DAN QS. AL – ISRA (17) : 23-24
Authors: Nufus Fika Pijaki , Agustina Siti Maulida , Lutfiah Via Laila , Yulianti Widya
Published: May 2018

Education Birrul Walidain is one of the most important factors in ideal character education. The creatoin of a generation that akhlakul karimah is a dream for the parents of their children. Education Birrul Walidain is very influential on adab to parents. In the Qu’an Allah has explained many related verses about Birrul Walidain. One of them is in sura Luqman verse 14 and sura Al – Isra verses 23-24. The word of God in sura Luqman verse 14 describes the struggle of a mother in pregnancy, giving birth to raising. God tells the strugglr of a mother so that a child can know a mother’s struggle so that he can reply by doing good to him and not lawless to him even on of them do not say “ah” which has been described in surah Al – Isra verses 23-24. In the letter of Al-Isra verses 23-24 it consists of five kinds of prohibitions in the words of Uffin, the ban forming with harsh words, saying with noble words, be tawadhu, and pray for his parents either alive or dead. Al – Qur’an and sunna assert Birrul Walidain as a duty. This explains how big the attention of Islam to both parents.
PENERAPAN PENDEKATAN SAINTIFIK TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN PEMECAHAN MASALAH MATEMATIKA DI SMAN 1 DARUL IMARAH ACEH BESAR
Authors: Nuralam Nuralam , Eliyana Eliyana
Published: May 2018

Problem solving, as the high mental activity in tackling mathematical problem should be a main concern to all respected parties. Facts and data in the field show students face a hard situation in solving math problems. Therefore, it requires an alternative solution to optimize student’s problem-solving capacity, one of them through scientific approach. Moreover, this approach builds student’s competencies in solving math problem through knowledge empowerment of critical thinking skills and creative thinking skills of students to solve the problems with a systematic and measurable way. In addition, the objectives of this research are (1) higher problem-solving skills, taught by scientific approach than those taught by realistic mathematical approach to trigonometric material, and (2) student’s response to problem solving ability through scientific approach on trigonometric material. The research population is all students of grade X SMAN 1 and the sample is the student who is in the grade X MIPA3 and grade IV MIPA by using cluster random sampling technique. This experimental study created by Posttest-only Control Design. This study also uses questionnaire and math problem solving test as the data collection. The result of research shows that (1) Statistical test of t-test on right side was obtained tcount 2,76 and ttable=1,65, and tcount > ttable then accept H1 reject H0 (2) Student response to approach 3,21. Thus, it is conclude that (1) the higher mathematical problem solving skills are taught through a scientific approach rather than the problem-solving skills taught by realistic mathematical approaches. (2) student’s response to the scientific approach of this category is very positive.
Factors Related to Internal Auditors' Organizational-Professional Conflict
Authors: Iyer Venkataraman M. , Jones III Ambrose , Raghunandan K.
Published: May 2018

SYNOPSIS

Due to the unique nature of their position, internal auditors often experience organizational-professional conflict (OPC). It is important to understand the nature of OPC and its implications for various stakeholders. Using a large data-set of survey responses from chief audit executives, we examine the effect of factors unique in internal audit settings on chief audit executives' OPC. We find that perceptions of job autonomy, tenure with the organization, reporting to the audit committee, and using the internal audit function as a management training ground are significantly related to internal auditors' OPC. We also find that OPC is negatively related to respondents' identification with the organization but not with their professional identification. Our findings have implications for organizational policies related to internal auditing and to external stakeholders.
A study of voltage rise in distribution grids with high concentration of power generators
Authors: Gabriel Luiz Silva Almeida  , Patrícia Romeiro da Silva Jota
Published: May 2018

The growing demand for electric power together with the environmental agencies pressure for decreasing polluting gases emission are the main causes of the big expansion that Distributed Generation systems have been undergoing lately. This kind of electric generation system allows to produce parts of the electricity power nearby the costumers making energy costs cheaper for final consumer and improving the share of clean sources on the energy matrix. Despite Germany’s great experience with photovoltaic plants, Distributed Generation systems are not well widespread around the world. Most governmental regulations about the theme are recent and sometimes do not cover all the specificities, so it has been continuously rewritten. Although Brazilian market has a small concentration of sources connected to the distribution grids, the annual relative growth is significant. High concentration of sources nearby the costumers may cause problems in the operation and in the stability of electric quantities. Some of these problems are voltage rises, harmonics and general damages to electrical equipment. This paper presents the voltage rise effect in distribution grids with high concentration of generators; it also suggests mitigation techniques for this outcome. It becomes clear that is possible to reverse power flow without voltage rise beyond legal limits.
Pesquisar com mulheres com deficiência: reflexões epistemológicas e metodológicas sob o enfoque feminista-emancipador
Authors: Cobeñas Pilar
Published: May 2018

Este artigo compartilha reflexões metodológicas e epistemológicas que surgiram no desenvolvimento de uma pesquisa sobre processos de inclusão e exclusão educacional de mulheres jovens com deficiência a partir de suas narrativas na Argentina. Um estudo qualitativo foi realizado com base em entrevistas semiestruturadas e observações em quatro escolas comuns e especiais na província de Buenos Aires, Argentina, durante um período de dois anos. A abordagem adotada para o desenvolvimento da pesquisa articulou contribuições da teoria do gênero e estudos sociais da deficiência ou Disability Studies. Segundo as perspectivas teóricas assumidas, envidaram-se esforços para tentar explicar o ponto de vista das jovens sobre os processos de inclusão e exclusão educacional, ao mesmo tempo que foram problematizadas as visões das pesquisadoras nesses processos. Assim, apresenta-se a articulação entre as perspectivas metodológicas construídas para ter acesso as narrativas das mulheres jovens, bem como um conjunto de reflexões surgidas no desenvolvimento do trabalho de campo organizado em três eixos: a concepção das mulheres com deficiência como sujeito questionado, mas não ouvido; a relação desigual entre pesquisadora e pesquisada; e as identificações da pesquisadora em relação à pesquisada.
A Coruña 1967-1974: la construcción vertical de la ciudad
Authors: Díaz Gallego Francisco Dinís
Published: May 2018

La construcción en altura iniciada a finales del siglo XIX en Estados Unidos nunca llegó a generalizarse de la misma manera en el viejo continente. Pese a ello, A Coruña se encuentra en la lista de las ciudades españolas pioneras en optar por este modelo de crecimiento, iniciado en los años 20 por el edificio del Banco Pastor. Tras un periodo especulativo en el que la densificación de un municipio agotado en sí mismo se usó como argumento para construir en altura, el Plan General de 1967 dió carta de naturaleza a la arquitectura vertical a través de una ordenanza específica mediante la cual se proyectan numerosos edificios en altura que hoy día son parte fundamental del conjunto construido de la ciudad.
Pertumbuhan, hasil dan kualitas tomat cv. Marta-9 pada berbagai sistem budidaya dalam rumah plastik di dataran medium Jatinangor
Authors: Onggo Tino Mutiarawati , Sumadi Sumadi , Fauziah R.
Published: May 2018

Penanaman tomat dalam rumah plastik dengan sistem budidaya hidroponik, meng-0hasilkan buah dengan kuantitas dan kualitas baik serta dapat dilakukan secara kontinu, namun kekurangan sistem tersebut adalah bahan kimia yang digunakan untuk hara tanaman mahal, sehingga perlu dicarikan sistem budidaya alter-natif yang dapat mengimbangi hasil dan kualitas hasil sistem hidroponik. Tujuan dilaku-kannya penelitian ini adalah untuk mempelajari berbagai sistem budidaya tanaman tomat dalam rumah plastik yang dapat diaplikasikan di dataran medium dengan biaya yang lebih murah serta menguji jumlah batang produksi yang dapat menghasilkan pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman serta kualitas tomat yang baik. Penelitian dilakukan dari bulan Juni sampai dengan Oktober 2013 di rumah plastik Laboratorium Kultur Terkendali Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padja-djaran, dengan ketinggian tempat  730 m di atas permukaan laut.Percobaan dilakukan dengan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) pola faktorial yang terdiri dari dua faktor dan empat ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah sistem budidaya yang terdiri dari tiga taraf (hidroponik, semi hidroponik dan non hidroponik) dan faktor kedua adalah jumlah batang produksi yang terdiri dari dua taraf (batang tunggal dan batang ganda). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak terjadi pengaruh interaksi antara sistem budidaya dan jumlah batang produksi terhadap pertumbuhan, hasil dan kualitas hasil tomat cv. Marta-9. Sistem budidaya semi hidroponik dan non hidroponik menghasilkan pertumbuhan tanaman yang lebih rendah dicirikan dengan tinggi tanaman, diameter batang,serta ukuran daun yang lebih rendah dibanding sistem budidaya hidroponik. Tingginya jumlah buah yang terkena blossom end rot pada sistem budidaya semi dan non hidroponik berimbas pada jumlah buah dan bobot buah per tanaman yang lebih rendah serta persentase bobot buah kualitas A yang lebih rendah dibandingkan sistem budidaya hidroponik. Perlakuan batang tunggal menghasilkan tanaman dengan tinggi tanaman serta ukuran daun yang lebih besar dibanding penggunaan batang produksi ganda, namun baik perlakuan batang tunggal atau ganda menghasilkan persentase jumlah dan bobot buah layak pasar serta persentase bobot dan jumlah buah kualitas A yang sama. Kata kunci : Hidroponik ∙ Non hidroponik ∙ Semi hidroponik ∙ Jumlah batang produksi ∙ Tomat kultivar Marta-9
Pemanfaatan urin kelinci dan urin sapi sebagai alternatif pupuk organik cairpada pembibitan kakao (Theobroma cacao L.)
Authors: Rosniawaty Santi , Sudirja Rija , Afrianto H.
Published: May 2018

Pembibitan merupakan awal dari pertum-buhan tanaman. Bibit yang baik akan menghasil-kan tanaman yang berproduksi baik pula. Pemupukan merupakan salah satu hal penting dalam menghasilkan bibit yang baik. Peman-faatan urin kelinci dan urin sapi diharapkan dapat menjadi pupuk alternatif untuk pembi-bitan kakao. Percobaan telah di laksanakan pada bulan April-Agustus 2013 di Kebun Percobaan Ciparanje fakultas Pertanian Unpad, dengan ordo Inceptisol dan tipe curah hujan menurut klasifikasi Schmidt Ferguson. Perlakuan yang digunakan adalah beberapa konsentrasi urin kelinci, konsentrasi urin sapi dan kombinasi urin dengan pupuk anorganik. Urin kelinci dan urin sapi difermentasikan terlebih dahulu sebelum digunakan. Rancangan percobaan yang diguna-kan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok, terdapat 15 perlakuan yang di ulang 3 kali. Hasil perco-baan menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh penggunaan urin kelinci dan urin sapi yang telah difermentasi terhadap luas daun, volume akar dan bobot kering bibit kakao pada umur 16 mst. Penggunaan urin sapi dengan konsentrasi 25 % dapat menyamai penggunaan pupuk anorganik pada pembibitan kakao. Kata kunci : Urin kelinci ∙ Pembibitan kakao ∙  Urin sapi ∙ Pupuk organik cair
Pengaruh dosis herbisida glifosat terhadap gulma, pertumbuhan, dan hasil tiga kultivar kedelai (Glycine max (L.) pada sistem tanpa olah tanah (TOT)
Authors: Widayat Dedi , Yustisiyanika R. Ganilda
Published: May 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh interaksi antara dosis herbisida Glifosat dan kultivar kedelai terhadap gulma, pertum-buhan, dan hasil tanaman kedelai. Percobaan dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan Saung Meeting Ciparanje Universitas Padjadjaran Jatinangor, Kabupaten Sumedang. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak kelompok pola faktorial yang terdiri dari dua faktor dan diulang 3 kali. Faktor yang pertama adalah kultivar kedelai yang tediri dari tiga yaitu kultivar Tidar, Burangrang, dan Slamet. Faktor yang kedua dosis herbisida glifosat yang terdiri dari 3 taraf yaitu 1,5l/ha, 3l/ha, dan 4,5l/ha. Kombinasi perlakuan kultivar dan dosis herbisida glifosat tidak memberikan pengaruh interaksi terhadap bobot kering gulma rumput,bobot kering daun lebar, bobot gulma total, tinggi tanaman 2 mst dan 4 mst, laju pertumbuhan tanaman 2 - 4 mst dan komponen hasil. Tetapi memberikan pengaruh interaksi pada tinggi tanaman umur 6 mst dan 8 mst serta pada laju pertumbuhan 4-6 mst dan 6-8 mst. Kata kunci  : Umur kedelai ∙ Gulma ∙ Dosis ∙  Herbisida glifosat
Respons tanaman jagung (Zea mays L.) toleran herbisida akibat pemberian berbagai dosis herbisida IPA glifosat 486 g/l
Authors: Wahyudin Agus , Wicaksono Fiky Yulianto , Sari D. F.
Published: May 2018

Jagung merupakan salah satu serealia yang strategis di Indonesia. Jagung mempunyai peluang untuk dikembangkan karena fungsinya sebagai bahan pangan utama dan sebagai sumber bahan pakan ternak. Penggunaan tanaman jagung PRG toleran herbisida glifosat diharapkan dapat mengurangi penurunan hasil tanaman jagung. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian berbagai dosis herbisida glifosat terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman jagung (Zea mays L.) PRG toleran herbisida glifosat. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Ciparanje Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran, kecamatan Jatinangor, kabupaten Sumedang, Jawa Barat pada bulan Desember 2014 hingga April 2015. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan 8 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Perlakuan terdiri atas pemberian herbisida dengan dosis 1 L/Ha, 1,5 L/Ha, 2 L/Ha, 2,5 L/Ha, 3 L/Ha, 3,5 L/Ha, 4 L/Ha dan pengendalian secara manual. Satuan petak terdiri atas areal seluas 6,5 x 5 m dengan jarak tanam 25 x 75 cm. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengendalian gulma dengan berbagai dosis herbisida dan pengendalian secara manual tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman, indeks luas daun, jumlah tongkol, panjang tongkol, diameter tongkol, bobot tongkol, jumlah baris biji per tongkol, bobot 100 biji dan bobot biji per tanaman. Dosis herbisida 1 L/Ha dapat menekan pertumbuhan gulma pada pertanaman jagung PRG. Kata kunci: Gulma ∙ Glifosat ∙ Jagung toleran  ∙ Glifosat.
Katekin teh Indonesia : prospek dan manfaatnya
Authors: Dewi Anjarsari Intan Ratna
Published: May 2018

Teh Indonesia dikenal karena memiliki kandungan katekin (antioksidan alami) tertinggi di dunia Katekin adalah salah satu turunan dari poliphenol yang memiliki khasiat antioxidant yang tinggi. Faktor yang mempengaruhi kadar katekin adalah varietas dan klon teh,  ketinggian tempat, umur daun, serta jenis petikan.  Dipandang dari sisi kesehatan, makin tinggi katekin berarti makin bermanfaat buat kesehatan. Akan tetapi sebaliknya, ditinjau dari sisi rasa, memiliki perbandingan yang terbalik. Katekin berperan penting di dalam menentukan aroma dan rasa. Katekin merupakan senyawa tidak berwarna dan larut dalam air serta membawa sifat pahit dan sepat pada seduhan teh. Senyawa ini paling penting dalam daun teh karena dapat menentukan kualitas teh dalam pengolahanya. Katekin dalam teh merupakan senyawa kompleks yang tersusun atas epikatekin (EC), epikatekin galat (ECG), epigalokatekin (EGC), epigalokatekin galat (EGCG), dan galokatekin (GC). Komponen yang mendominasi yaitu epigalokatekin dan epigalokatekin galat. Kandungan katekin berkisar antara 20-30% dari seluruh berat kering daun. Dalam pengolahan, secara langsung atau tidak langsung, perubahan katekin selalu dihubungkan dengan semua sifat teh jadi, yaitu rasa, warna, dan aroma. Katekin yang mendominasi 20% berat kering teh merupakan substansi utama yang menyebabkan teh memenuhi persyaratan sebagai minuman fungsional  Kata kunci : katekin, poliphenol, minuman fungsional
Pengujian sensitivias kekeringan dan daya adaptasi tujuh varieas padi di wilayah dataran medium jatinangor
Authors: Ruminta Ruminta , Rosniawaty Santi , Wahyudin Agus
Published: May 2018

Telah dilakukan pengujian sensitivitas kekeringan, daya adaptasi, dan produkstivitas tujuh varietas padi di wilayah dataran medium Jatinangor. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji sensitivitas kekeringan,  daya adaptasi, dan produktivitas tujuh varietas tanaman padi untuk mendapatkan varietas padi unggul yang tahan kekeringan dan memiliki daya hasil tinggi yang akan dikembangkan pada lahan sawah dataran medium.  Penelitian ini dirancang dalam bentuk eksperimen Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan 14 perlakuan dan ulangan 3 kali.  Perlakuan yang diuji merupakan kombinasi dari 7 varietas tanaman padi (Ciherang, Inpari 10, IR 64, Mekongga, Sintanur, Situ Bagendit, dan Towuti) dan 2 pemberian air (macak-macak dan intermiten). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa varietas Sintanur dan Ciherang sangat berpotensi untuk dikembangkan pada sawah dataran medium karena mempunyai produktivitas lebih tinggi (masing-masing 8.5 ton/ha dan 8.1 ton/ha) dan tahan kekeringan (Indeks sensitivitas kekeringan, 2.1–2.5)  dan mudah beradaptasi dengan lingkungan (Indeks adaptasi, 1.16 -1.29).  Varietas Sintanur dan Ciherang dengan teknik pemberian  intermiten atau macak-macak dapat direkomendasikan untuk lahan sawah tadah hujan pada dataran medium yang rentan kekeringan.Kata kunci: padi, perubahan iklim, kekeringan, teknik pemberian air