bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ROLE OF WATER TRANSPORT IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM IN THE NORTHERN BLACK SEA OF UKRAINE
Authors: Storozhuk Svitlana , Pronchenko Andrii
Published: December 2021

The article is devoted to water transport and its role in the tourism sector. Water transport is one of the oldest forms of transport and remained the most important until the advent of transcontinental railways in the second half of the 19th century. It plays a huge role in the tourism sector and is used quite actively. The most significant advantages are a high level of comfort, a large volume of one-time loading of ships, the possibility of implementing various types and purposes of tourism (educational, business tourism, educational, shop tourism).

The main type of sea and river transportation in tourism is cruises - travel in a vicious circle with radial trips from ports to the interior regions of countries. The main activity of water transport is to meet the needs of people in passenger transportation, as well as the demand for recreation during a sea trip.

More than 25 years ago from Odessa it was easy to quickly and inexpensively get to anywhere in the Black Sea; a powerful fleet of passenger hydrofoils successfully competed with trains and aircraft throughout the Northern Black Sea region. By the beginning of the 1980s, hydrofoils "Kometa" and "Kolkhida" sailed from Odessa to Kherson, Kakhovka, Zaporozhye, Nikolaev, and also towards Crimea – to Skadovsk, Evpatoria, Sevastopol, Yalta, Kerch, Novorossiysk and Sochi. "Comets" and "Colchis" covered the distance along the Odessa – Kherson line in 2 hours and 40 minutes, in contrast to automobile transport – 4 hours, which was much more comfortable and faster. And boats and sea trams running along the coast of the Odessa Gulf, from Kryzhanovka to Chernomorka, were one of Odessa's calling cards from the post-war times until the 1990s, when the history of Odessa sea trams and hydrofoils ended.

Sea transport and water travel play a huge role in the tourism sector all over the world, therefore their revival is an integral part in the development and modernization of the tourism sector of the Northern Black Sea region. In the 2000s and 2010s, there were attempts to revive coastal passenger shipping in the Black Sea, but not as successful. The main obstacle to the return of high-speed coastal passenger shipping to Odessa is the seasonality and dependence on the weather, which makes water transport not as stable as the railway. Despite this, "Rockets" and "Komets" do not have competition in speed with any bus and railway on such river and sea directions as Nikolaev, Kherson, Zaporozhye, Dnepropetrovsk, Izmail, etc. Moreover, it will serve the development of domestic and foreign tourism.
VYSHKOVO REFORMED CHURCH – THE INCREDIBLY VALUABLE ARCHITECTURAL MONUMENT OF WESTERN UKRAINE
Authors: Varha Justin , Torop Anatolii
Published: December 2021

The church, built according to various sources in the IX-XIII centuries, is interesting for its monumental, restrained architecture and preserved interior. The clear straight lines of the building with sharp elements remind us of the Gothic style, although according to legend it was built much earlier. Covered with drawings of the XVIII century. the ceiling of the temple is related to the famous painted ceiling of the church in Chetfalva. Next to the church is a beautiful, shingled wooden bell tower of the Marmara type. The monument is located in a picturesque, well-groomed courtyard, surrounded on all sides by a wall, where exotic trees and flowers grow. In front of the entrance gate there are several Hungarian carved wooden sculptures erected in memory of important historical events in Vyshkovo. The purpose of the article is to attract the attention and acquaint readers with the incredibly valuable architectural monument of Western Ukraine – Vyshkovo Reformed Church. The article presents the preconditions and the process of construction, determining the type of materials used, design analysis, detailed consideration of decorative elements and various plans of the oldest church in Transcarpathia. My own research of this architectural object, which I have been conducting for three months, describes to us: the methods of construction at that time, the execution of the frames of door and window openings, and the decoration of the facade of the church. Religion has always played an important role in the life of the people of Vyshkovo. People are proud of their church, they constantly visit it. Being in the middle of the building, there is a feeling of authenticity and complete immersion in the events described by the priest, because of the very good acoustics of this ancient church.
MEDIA ART IN MODERN SYNTHESIS OF ARTS IN ARCHITECTURE
Authors: Rusevych Tetiana , Zavadska Hanna
Published: December 2021

The article substantiates the problem of synthesis of media art in the modern synthesis of arts in architecture, provides a definition of the term " Media Art" as a higher form of artistic development. Attention is paid to the analysis of recent research and publications devoted to the study of the artistic component of interactive design in the synthesis of the arts of architectural space, the influence of media technologies on the formation of the architectural image of art centers, describing trends in media technology in architecture. The purpose of the article is to consider the forms of media art, their role in the synthesis of arts in architecture. The article emphasizes the objects created and embodied in Ukraine, describes the synthesis of arts from the angle of influence of media art on human perception and outlines the prospects for development. The history of the synthesis of arts in architecture from ancient times, the development of the synthesis of arts in the Art Nouveau style, the preconditions for the emergence of media art are briefly described. The synthesis of media art and architecture, interaction with other arts, namely painting, sculpture, music and others is considered on the example of the multimedia center Atelier des Lumières – "Workshop of the World" in Paris, which specializes in digital art exhibitions; Ukraine WOW exhibition in Kyiv, which is equipped with various forms of media art; media facades in Kyiv; media cube on the facade of Chicago Central House, which is the first media sculpture in Europe. The definition of "media facades" is also given and the influence of media technologies on the emotional and psychological state of a person is considered. Examples of interaction of various forms of media art with architecture are given. The conclusions determine the role of media art in architecture, the impact of media technology on human psychology, outline the prospects for the development of media art in the modern synthesis of arts in architecture.
THE SPECIFICS OF THE FORMATION OF MODERN ARCHITECTURAL EDUCATION IN ALGERIA
Authors: Walid Benaissa
Published: December 2021

The process of formation of a modern architectural school in Algeria, which took place during the last third of the 19th and 20th centuries, and led to the emergence of new approaches and principles in the field of its application, is considered. The article presents the results of a historical analysis of the evolution of the educational model of Algeria in the field of architecture, which depended on the political and socio-cultural influence of the metropolis on the development of the architectural knowledge of the colonial region. The author also considers the paths along which the formation of architectural education and its formation at the beginning of the 20th century took place during the late 19th century. It is analyzed that the training of Algerian architects during the French colonization took place within the local culture, which affected the further independent direction of the development of the architectural school of Algeria. It is analyzed that the architectural education of Algeria since the signing of the Evian Agreements is associated with the nature of the activities of architects and the expectations from their preparation, a combination of artistic ability and constructive technical knowledge. The article examines the influence of modernism as a social project, reflecting the advanced social reformist ideas of its time, on the rethinking of the professional training of architects in Algeria. The contribution of the leading representatives of modernist architecture to the renewal of the artistic language of architecture in Algeria is also considered: the social attitudes of modernist architects contributed to the principled attitude towards novelty in architecture and architectural education.
Exergy destruction calculation in gas turbine power plant and showing the effect of ambient temperature on it
Authors: H. Hussein Yahya , Saadoon Mustafa Sameerah , Hassan Danook Suad
Published: December 2021

The purpose of this paper is to estimate the quantity and quality of the useful energy that could be converted to work, this analysis was carried out based on the energy and exergy analysis by using the first and second laws of thermodynamics. This paper study the effect of varying the ambient temperature on the performance of the turbine. Results showed increasing in exergy destruction in the turbine solely and in each of its three components(Air compressor, Combustion chambers and the gas turbine) with increasing in ambient temperature. Also results showed by keeping the load unchanged, the exergy destruction are bigger in higher ambient temperatures than in lower ones. The exergy destruction concentrated in the combustion chambers, where the percent of exergy destruction in the combustion chambers to the total exergy destruction in the plant was(87%) followed by the air compressor(9%) and the lower exergy destruction was in the gas turbine(4%).
DESTROYING THE STEROTYPES OF THE EVERYDAY: YOUNG GENERATION’S CHALLENGE (THE NOVEL «ON THE COME UP» BY ANGIE THOMAS)
Authors: Stulov Yuri
Published: December 2021

The collapse of traditional values caused by the dramatic changes of the last decades of the 20th century greatly affected all spheres of life and art including literature. The newest multi-media, various networks, etc. have led to the growing gap between people who are locked down in different forms of self-isolation and mundane practices. Everyday reality as it is presented in the novel «On the Come Up» by the young African American writer Angie Thomas reminds of the continuation of the struggle with racism and discrimination – in spite of the transformations that have taken place in US social and political life. The 16-year- protagonist of the novel challenges the stereotypes, phobias and prejudice and is on the way to success as a rapper whose song «On the Come Up» becomes her creed in life and inspires hope.
NEW MATERIALISM: PROJECTIONS INTO LITERARY THEORY AND CRITICISM
Authors: Shymchyshyn Mariya
Published: December 2021

The article considers the recent (re)turn to materiality in philosophy and theory, in particular, such schools as speculative realism and object-oriented philosophy. They offer rethinking of objects and criticism of anthropocentric worldview. The attention to materiality privileges matter, body, and nature. Theorists of New materialism reject the binary oppositions (nature/culture, human/nonhuman, etc.) and insist on intra-action as a new materialist orientation. The author argues that the new materialist critique of conventional critique will be useful for literary theory and criticism. According to Latour, critique should be productive and collaborative. As far as critical judgments rely on thelogic of representation that in its turn is based on similarity, analogy and opposition they restrict the analytic enterprise. Moreover, it is necessary to rethink conventional practices of interpretation and explanation. In this context, K. Barad proposes to substitute these strategies with the practice of ‘diffraction’. In the second part of the article, the author analyzes Graham Harman’s article The Well-Wrought Broken Hammer:Object-Oriented Literary Criticism. We pay attention to Harman’s critique of New Criticism, New Historicism, and Deconstruction in their contrast to object-oriented philosophy. In his analysis of New Criticism, Harman figures out the taxonomic fallacy within this theory. He argues against the idea that only poetry has all the non-prose sense while other disciplines have the literal sense. His second argument against New Criticism problematizes the unity of all the elementsin a literary work. Harman outlines the assumptions of New Historicism and points out that it turns everything into interrelated influences. Instead, he argues that contextuality is not universal. In his criticism of Deconstruction Harman underlines that Derrida wrongly believes that ontological realism automatically entails an epistemological realism. In his turn, Harman insists that the thing is deeper than its interactions are.
PERBEDAAN SKOR PERIODONTAL PASIEN PNEUMONIA DAN TIDAK MENDERITA PNEUMONIA DI TIGA RUMAH SAKIT MEDAN
Authors: Lina Natamiharja  , Handini Naibaho
Published: December 2021

Pneumonia merupakan peradangan yang mengenai parenkim paru yang dapat terjadi akibat aspirasi bahan-bahan yang terdapat di nasofaring dan orofaring. Gigi dan jaringan periodontal dapat berperan sebagai tempat bermulanya infeksi pernafasan. Bakteri anaerob penyebab pneumonia banyak ditemukan pada plak dental, khususnya pada pasien dengan penyakit periodontal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui rerata skor periodontal pasien pneumonia dan tidak menderita pneumonia. Rancangan penelitian adalah kasus kontrol. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah pasien pneumonia yang sedang berobat di Poli Paru dan bukan pneumonia di Poli Mata RSUD dr. Pirngadi, RSUP H.Adam Malik dan RS Martha Friska. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan teknik purposive sampling, diambil sesuai kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Jumlah responden adalah 66 orang yakni 33 responden penderita pneumonia (kasus) dan 33 responden yang tidak menderita pneumonia (kontrol). Pengumpulan data tentang skor periodontal dilakukan dengan cara pemeriksaan klinis menggunakan Indeks Periodontal oleh Ramfjord. Analisis perbedaan rerata skor periodontal pasien pneumonia dan tidak menderita pneumonia dilakukan dengan uji t tidak berpasangan (t-test unpaired). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rerata skor periodontal pasien penderita pneumonia adalah 2,73 ± 0,48 dan rerata skor periodontal pasien yang tidak menderita pneumonia adalah 1,37 ± 0,89. Rerata skor periodontal pasien yang menderita pneumonia lebih tinggi dari rerata skor periodontal pasien yang tidak menderita pneumonia. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara rerata skor periodontal pasien pneumonia dan tidak menderita pneumonia (p= 0,014).
PERAN DOKTER GIGI DALAM MENGHENTIKAN KEBIASAAN MEROKOK
Authors: Florenly  , Suci Erawati  , Molek
Published: December 2021

Merokok adalah penyebab kondisi tidak sehat dan kematian yang dapat dicegah. Di negara berkembang termasuk Indonesia, prevalensi perokok cukup tinggi. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan tentang efek merokok terhadap rongga mulut dan metode yang dapat digunakan untuk menghentikan kebiasaan merokok. Keinginan untuk berhenti merokok meningkat secara drastis dalam beberapa tahun terakhir ini. Dokter gigi diharapkan memiliki peran penting dalam mengupayakan strategi berhenti merokok. Metode 5A (Ask, Advise, Asses, Assist, Arrange) merupakan metode panduan yang dapat digunakan untuk kegiatan berhenti merokok. Strategi ini secara khusus dapat membantu pasien agar termotivasi untuk berhenti merokok dan merekomendasikan yang harus dilakukan selanjutnya.
PERBANDINGAN KONSENTRASI STATERIN DAN ION KALSIUM PADA SALIVA DAN PLAK SUPRAGINGIVA
Authors: Yumi Lindawati  , Ameta Primasari  , Dwi Suryanto
Published: December 2021

Kalsium yang diperoleh dari saliva dapat masuk ke lapisan dalam plak gigi. Peningkatan konsentrasi ion kalsiumpada biofilm menyebabkan penyerapan mineral menjadi meningkat sehingga terlihat juga peningkatanpembentukan kalkulus bila disertai pemeliharaan kebersihan rongga mulut yang tidak adekuat. Staterinmenghambat pengendapan kalsium-fosfat dari saliva. Staterin berikatan dengan hidroksiapatit, mengindikasikankemungkinan perannya dalam pembentukan pelikel dan pembentukan plak. Tujuan penelitian ini untukmengetahui rerata dan membandingkan konsentrasi staterin dan kalsium pada saliva dengan plak supragingiva.Desain penelitian studi cross-sectional. Pemilihan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling berdasarkan kriteriaeksklusi dan inklusi saliva, dan plak supragingiva pada pasien. Konsentrasi kalsium saliva dan plak supragingivadiukur menggunakan spektrofotometri, konsentrasi staterin saliva dan plak supragingiva diukur menggunakanELISA (Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan median konsentrasi staterin saliva1,5 µg/ml, plak supragingiva 223µg/ml, median konsentrasi kalsium saliva adalah 0,9475 mmol/l, dan plaksupragingiva 63,13 mmol/l. Konsentrasi staterin dan kalsium pada plak supragingiva lebih tinggi secarasignifikan dibandingkan konsentrasinya pada saliva. Sebagai kesimpulan, plak supragingiva memiliki kadar ionkalsium dan staterin yang lebih banyak dibandingkan saliva.
EFEK ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN AFRIKA (VERNONIA AMYGDALINA) SEBAGAI BAHAN ALTERNATIF MEDIKAMEN SALURAN AKAR TERHADAP PORPHYROMONAS GINGIVALIS
Authors: Cut Nurliza  , Fitri Yunita Batubara  , Tiurma Sitompul
Published: December 2021

Perawatan saluran akar memerlukan bahan medikamen saluran akar untuk mengeliminasi mikroorganisme yangtidak dapat dicapai dengan teknik preparasi chemo-mechanical. Salah satu bakteri yang sering ditemukan padainfeksi endodontik primer adalah Porphyromonas gingivalis. Daun Afrika (Vernonia amygdalina) merupakansalah satu bahan alami yang bersifat antibakteri yang dapat dijadikan sebagai bahan alternatif medikamensaluran akar. Tujuan penelitian eksperimental laboratoris ini adalah untuk mengetahui efek antibakteri ekstraketanol daun Afrika terhadap bakteri Porphyromonas gingivalis. Penelitian ini dimulai dengan melakukanekstraksi daun Afrika sebanyak 2 kg dengan pelarut etanol 70% hingga diperoleh ekstrak kental. Pengujian efekantibakteri menggunakan metode dilusi dengan mengencerkan ekstrak etanol daun Afrika dalam media MHBdimulai dari konsentrasi 100, 50, 25, 12,5, 6,25, dan 3,125% yang direplikasi 4 kali. Setiap konsentrasiditambahkan 1 ml suspensi bakteri, divorteks, dan diinkubasi 37°C selama 24 jam pada inkubator CO2 kemudiankekeruhan diamati dan dibandingkan dengan kontrol Mc Farland secara visual untuk menentukan nilai KHM.Kemudian dilanjutkan penghitungan jumlah koloni bakteri dengan metode Drop Plate Milles Misra untukmenentukan KBM yaitu setiap konsentrasi diambil 50 µl, diteteskan ke media MHA, direplikasi 4 petri,kemudian diinkubasi 37°C selama 24 jam. Sebagai kesimpulan, ekstrak etanol daun Afrika memiliki efekantibakteri terhadap Porphyromonas gingivalis secara in vitro dengan nilai KBM pada konsentrasi 50% dannilai KHM tidak representatif sehingga tidak dapat diketahui hasilnya.
PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN RUGAE PALATINAL PADA BASIS TIGA JENIS DESAIN OBTURATOR VELOFARINGEAL TERHADAP KUALITAS PRODUKSI BICARA PASIEN INSUFISIENSI VELOFARING PASCA PALATOPLASTI
Authors: Amie  , Edy Machmud,  , Elizabeth Mailoa
Published: December 2021

Penderita lahir dengan celah bibir dan langit-langit merupakan malformasi komponen penting untuk mekanismevelofaringeal, sehingga katup velofaringeal tidak bekerja secara adekuat untuk memungkinkan penutupan nasofaring danorofaring yang sesuai. Kekurangan mekanisme ini mengakibatkan kesulitan dalam berbicara untuk suara tertentu, kondisiini disebut insufisiensi velofaringeal. Celah bibir dan langit-langit memerlukan pendekatan multidisiplin ilmu dari ahlibedah mulut dan maksilofasial, ahli bedah plastik, prostodontis hingga ahli terapi bicara. Salah satu penanganan celahlangit-langit yaitu melalui pembedahan yang dilanjutkan dengan penggunaan obturatator velofaringeal untukmemperbaiki kualitas bicara. Penambahan rugae palatina pada basis obturator untuk mengembalikan bentuk anatomipalatum sehingga lidah terbiasa dengan kondisi normal. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pengaruhpembuatan rugae palatinal pada basis obturator velofaringeal terhadap kualitas produksi bicara. Penelitian ini merupakanpra eksperimental klinis dengan pre and post with control group design dengan tiga bentuk desain obturator velofaringealyang dibuatkan rugae palatina pada masing-masing obturator. Terdapat 12 sampel yang dibagi menjadi 3 kelompok, yang mana tiap kelompok terdiri atas 4 subjek. Penelitian ini meneliti mengenai udara lolos hidung, hipernasalitas dankompensasi artikulasi sebelum dan sesudah pemakaian obturator velofaringeal dengan penambahan rugae palatina padabasisnya. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji Kruskal Wallis yang dilajutkan dengan uji Post-hoc Mann- Whitney untukmelihat perbedaan pengaruh pada masing-masing alat saat pengucapan bunyi konsonan maupun kata-kata. Hasilpenelitian menunjukkan bahwa semua piranti tidak memberikan pengaruh pada udara lolos hidung, piranti 1 dan 3memberikan pengaruh paling signifikan pada hipernasalitas dan piranti 2 memberikan pengaruh paling signifikan untukkompensasi artikulasi. Sebagai kesimpulan, tidak terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna antara tanpa pemakaian piranti danpemakaian piranti dengan pemberian rugae palatine pada basis obturator saat pengucapan kata “rakun”.
AKTIVITAS EXPRESSI KOLAGEN II DAN OSTEOCALSIN TULANG ALVEOL AKIBAT PRESERVASI SOKET PENCABUTAN GIGI DENGAN CAMPURAN ALOE VERA DAN GRAFT 0,5%
Authors: Utari Kresnoadi  , Retno Pudji Rahayu  , Eha Djulaeha
Published: December 2021

Aloe vera adalah tanaman yang mempunyai fungsi antibiotik, anti inflamasi, anti jamur dan bahan yang merupakanbiogenik stimulator untuk merangsang bovine graft agar mempercepat pertumbuhan tulang. Tujuan penelitian ini adalahuntuk mengetahui mekanisme aktivitas osteoblas pada proses pembentukan tulang alveol dengan pemberian kombinasiAloe vera dan XCB. Metode penelitian adalah dengan melakukan uji laboratoris dengan hewan coba: 54 ekorcaviacabaya, dibagi menjadi 9 kelompok, masing-masing 6 ekor, terdiri atas 3 group, yang pertama kelompok kontrolyaitu hanya dicabut saja tanpa perlakuan, kelompok 2 adalah kelompok yang setelah gigi dicabut diberi XCB saja dankelompok ke 3 adalah kelompok yang setelah pencabutan diberi campuran Aloe vera dengan XCB pada soket bekaspencabutan gigi. Pemeriksaan dilakukan setelah 14, 30 dan 60 hari. Kemudian diperiksa ekspresi osteocalcin dan kolagentipe II sebagai marker terjadinya tulang alveol dengan pemeriksaan imunohistokimia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkanterdapat perbedaan bermakna ekpresi osteocalcin dan collagen II antara kelompok kontrol dengan kelompok yang diberiAloe vera + XCB pada, 14, 30 dan 60 hari setelah pencabutan. Sebagai kesimpulan, penelitian aktivitas pertumbuhanosteoblas pada tulang alveol ditandai dengan peningkatan ekpresi osteocalcin dan kolagen II.
KARAKTERISTIK SEL KANKER ORAL BARU (Sp-C1) DAN UJI HAMBATAN PERTUMBUHAN SEL Sp-C1 MENGGUNAKAN TERAPI GEN pcDNA3.1 -p27Kip1mutant type in vitro
Authors: Supriatno
Published: December 2021

Sel primer kanker oral (sel Sp-C1) mempunyai beberapa karakteristik pertumbuhan sel dan ekspresi protein antiapoptosis maupun protein regulator positif siklus sel. Karakteristik sel Sp-C1 penting diketahui untuk memudahkanpeneliti menggunakan model in vitro sel kanker oral. Tujuan penelitian adalah memperkenalkan jenis sel kanker oral baru(sel Sp-C1) dengan karakteristiknya, serta menguji hambatan pertumbuhan sel Sp-C1 mengunakan terapi gen p27Kip1mt secara in vitro. Isolasi sel Sp-C1 berasal dari jaringan limfonodi servikal yang termetastasis kanker lidah. Proses isolasididapatkan fibroblas dan sel primer kanker oral yang diinkubasi pada refrigerator -800C. Hambatan pertumbuhan sel SpC1 diperlakukan dengan terapi gen pcDNA3.1 -p27Kip1 mt dan pcDNA3.1-neo (empty vector) menggunakan uji MTT.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan karakteristik pertumbuhan sel Sp-C1 yang relatif cepat dan ekspresi protein p45Skp2, αtubulin, cyclin-dependent kinase-2 (CDK-2), cyclin-E, metastatic associated protein-1 (MTA-1) dan protein antiapoptosis maspin. Selanjutnya, sel transfektan Sp-C1-pcDNA3.1-p27Kip1 mt mempunyai potensi hambatanpertumbuhan sel yang signifikan dibandingkan pcDNA3.1-neo (P< 0.05). Kesimpulan, sel Sp-C1 mempunyaikarakteristik tertentu dan dapat digunakan sebagai model penelitian in vitro kanker mulut. pcDNA3.1-p27Kip1 mtmempunyai potensi hambatan pertumbuhan sel Sp-C1 yang kuat. Metode transfer gen secara in vitro merupakan proseduryang sederhana dan suatu strategi baru terapi gen terhadap sel kanker oral.
RISK FACTORS OF NEW CARIES BASED ON CHILD DENTAL CARIES PREDICTOR APPROACH
Authors: Quroti A’yun  , Julita Hendrartini  , Supartinah Santoso  , Diyah Fatmasari
Published: December 2021

Caries risk factors are factors relate to caries occurrence in individual or population. Caries risk factors vary in everyindividual. A new method to discover the relation between risk factors and caries in children is a software named childdental caries predictor This research aimed to know the general overview of the order of caries risk factor in elementaryschool students in the province of Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. This was an observational research with cross-sectionaldesign. The subjects were 430 children, ranging from 10 to 12 years of age. Caries risk factors that were assessed throughchild dental caries predictor were oral and dental condition, mothers and children’s behavior in maintaining dental health,and school environment. The research result showed that the percentage for each risk factor was 39.74% for oral anddental condition, 35.77% for children’s behavior in maintaining dental health, 15.90% for mothers’ behavior inmaintaining child’s dental health, and 7.95% for school environment. In conclusion, the order of children caries riskfactors through measurement using child dental caries predictor are oral and dental condition, children’s behavior inmaintaining dental health, mothers’ behavior maintaining child’s dental health,, and school environment.
ANALISIS VOLUME SALIVA YANG TERSTIMULASI PADA PECANDU GANJA DI PUSAT REHABILITASI INSYAF MEDAN TAHUN 2014
Authors: Rehulina Ginting  , Beactris Lamria
Published: December 2021

Indonesia merupakan produsen ganja kedua terbesar di dunia, jumlah pecandu ganja pada tahun 2007 mencapai 9000orang dan di Sumatera Utara, mencapai 1.072 orang pada tahun 2011. Konsumsi ganja dapat menyebabkan masalahkesehatan rongga mulut seperti xerostomia, penyakit periodontal, karies, kandidiasis serta perubahan pada epitel ronggamulut. Hal ini dapat disebabkan karena kurang adekuatnya saliva pada pecandu ganja. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untukmengetahui hubungan mengonsumsi ganja dengan volume saliva yang distimulasi pada mantan pecandu ganja di pusatrehabilitasi Insyaf Medan tahun 2014. Jenis penelitian adalah studi observasional analitik dengan rancangan crosssectional. Subjek yang diteliti adalah sebanyak 40 orang yang terdiri atas 30 orang mantan pecandu ganja dan 10 orangtanpa riwayat konsumsi ganja sebagai kelompok kontrol. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan terjadi penurunan volumesaliva yang distimulasi pada pecandu ganja dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol yaitu 7,7623 ml/5 menit. Kesimpulanpenelitian ini menunjukkan adanya hubungan mengonsumsi ganja dengan penurunan volume dan saliva yang distimulasiantara kelompok mantan pecandu ganja dengan kelompok kontrol dan hal ini dipengaruhi oleh frekuensi, durasi danlamanya berhenti mengonsumsi ganja.
PERSENTASE MALOKLUSI PADA ANAK AUTIS DAN ANAK NORMAL DI KOTA MEDAN
Authors: Essie Octiara  , Zilda Fahnia
Published: December 2021

Tujuan penelitian survei deskriptif ini adalah untuk mengetahui persentase maloklusi berdasarkan klasifikasi Angle danDental Aesthetic Index pada 50 anak autis dan 50 anak normal usia 6-18 tahun. Sampel anak autis diambil dengan caratotal sampling pada 2 SLB dan 3 yayasan terapi, sedangkan anak normal diambil dari 2 buah sekolah umum di Medanyang dipadankan berdasarkan usia dan jenis kelamin anak autis. Metode pengumpulan data dilakukan denganpemeriksaan klinis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan persentase maloklusi pada anak autis adalah 86% dan anak normal76%. Pada anak autis persentase maloklusi Klas I 48%, Klas II 26% dan Klas III 12%. Pada anak normal, maloklusi KlasI 60% dan Klas II 6 % dan Klas III 10 %. Gambaran umum maloklusi periode gigi bercampur pada anak autis adalahgigi berjejal 46,42%, sedangkan pada anak normal protrusi 41,37%. Komponen DAI periode gigi permanen yangterbanyak pada anak autis adalah gigi berjejal 81,81% dan anak normal 71,42%. Sebagai kesimpulan, persentasemaloklusi lebih banyak diderita anak autis dan anak normal dibanding oklusi normal.
Management of Congenital Aural Atresia : A Case Report
Authors: Yuli Tetriana Sari  , Delfitri Munir
Published: December 2021

Congenital Aural Atresia (CAA) is the failure of development of the external auditory canal. It usually occurs in conjunction with microtia, which is malformation of the auricle due to the failure of development of the external ear. The evaluation and treatment of aural atresia present a number of challenges to the otologic surgeon. Computed tomography also plays a pivotal role in planning the surgery and grading the outcome of the surgery in congenital aural atresia. We report a case of unilateral congenital aural atresia and microtia and did a canalplasty and tympanoplasty in this patient.
Olfactory Functions Difference on Gas Station Workers Using Sniffin’ Sticks Test
Authors: Sagala Irwan pernandi , Munir Delfitri , Rambe Andrina Y.M
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT

Background: Chronic exposure of volatile substances can cause the impaired olfactory function.

Objective: To identify the difference of olfactory function at Gas Station workers in Medan city.

Method: Cross-sectional analitic study. A total of 80 persons consisting of 40 gas station operators and 40 non-operators who fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The applied statistical analysis was Mann Whitney, Fisher's Exact, Chi Square, T independent, Spearman with 95% confidence level.

Result: Proportion of the impaired olfactory function in the gas station operator group by 77.5% and non-operator group by 0%. Significant correlation was obtained between age, duration of work with the impaired olfactory function (p = 0,047, p = 0,001). The gas station  operators will suffer the impaired olfactory function if they works for ≥ 3.89 years.

Conclusion: There were differences of olfactory functions on the gas station workers by using Sniffin 'Sticks Test.
PREVALENCE AND CHARACTERISTICS OF BREAST CANCER IN YOUNG WOMEN
Authors: Siregar Denny Rifsal , Christoper Andreas
Published: December 2021

Breast cancer is a major health problem for women. This cancer is most often diagnosed and the leading cause of cancer deaths in women worldwide. Breast cancer in young women is associated with late diagnosis, aggressive biological characteristics, and poor prognosis. The objective of the study is to determine the prevalence and characteristics of young age breast cancer in Haji Adam Malik General Hospital Medan in 2013-2017. The study design was observational descriptive design with a cross-sectional approach. The study samples were medical records of young women diagnosed with breast cancer who were treated at Haji Adam Malik General Hospital Medan. The prevalence of breast cancer in young age women in Haji Adam Malik General Hospital Medan in 2013-2017 was 234 patients (15.2%). In this study, the samples that fulfilled the inclusion criteria were 153, with the majority characteristics of patients were 35-39 years old, stage III, histopathological type of invasive carcinoma of no special type, grade II, and clinical subtype of triple-negative. The prevalence of young age breast cancer is lower than old age breast cancer. Young women tend to be diagnosed with breast cancer in advanced stage and intermediate grade with aggressive biological characteristics.
The Relationship of Working Period with the Incidence of Occupational Contact Dermatitis in Cleaning Service Workers at Haji Adam Malik General Hospital Medan
Authors: Veronica  , Lubis Nova Zairina
Published: December 2021

Occupational skin diseases are the third most common occupational diseases. The most common occupational skin diseases are contact dermatitis covering 90-95%. The majority of contact dermatitis occurs in the hands. This study aims to determine the relationship of working period with the incidence of occupational contact dermatitis in cleaning service workers at Haji Adam Malik General Hospital Medan. This study is analytic method study which uses cross sectional design and uses questionnaire. Respondent were drawn using consecutive sampling. The study showed that 33,2% of cleaning service workers had contact dermatitis. The prevalence of contact dermatitis in women 75,8% and men 24,2%. The contact time for workers who come into contact chemical >2 hours is 100%. The use of PPE on cleaning service workers is 89,3%. Most ethnic group suffering from contact dermatitis are the 77,4% Batak people. The highest level cleaning service education is high school 59,4%. The results of the analysis with the chi square test of working life with the incidence of occupational contact dermatitis were (p=0,383). There is no significant relationship of working period with the incidence of occupational contact dermatitis in cleaning service workers at Haji Adam Malik General Hospital Medan
Correlation Between Mobile Phone Use Intensity with Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Authors: Disha Safira , Aida Fitri  , Batubara Chairil Amin , Surbakti Khairul Putra
Published: December 2021

Abstract. Background. High intensity of mobile phone use can cause Carpal Tunnel Syndrome. Repeated wrist positions and movements cause increase pressure in carpal tunnel, that condition can compress the median nerve. Objectives. To determine the correlation between mobile phone use intensity and Carpal Tunnel Syndrome in Medical Faculty North Sumatera University Student. Methods. This research used an observational analytic design with cross sectional method. The sample were 417 Medical Faculty North Sumatera University students who met the inclusion criteria and were not included in the exclusion criteria. The instrument of this research were Mobile Phone Use Questionnaire and Indonesian version of the Boston Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire. The research results were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Science application with the Rank Spearman Correlation Test. Results. Based on the Rank Spearman Correlation test, obtained p < 0,0001 which stated that there was a correlation between mobile phone use intensity with Carpal Tunnel Syndrome. The correlation coefficient of 0.177 indicated very weak correlation and correlation between two variables was unidirectional. Conclusion. There was correlation between mobile phone use intensity with Carpal Tunnel Syndrome in Medical Faculty North Sumatera University Student.
Chemically-Induced Colitis Models in Animal
Authors: R. A. Siregar  , T. Widyawati  , Betty
Published: December 2021

Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammation that can affect the distal part of the colon, submucosa and rectal mucosa, and can affect the entire colon even to the terminal ileum. There are several factors that can cause this disease, such as genetics, environment, intestinal microbiota and the presence of enteric infectious agents. Chemical induction in experimental animals for research on gastrointestinal inflammation has been frequently used due to the similarity of the anatomical and physiological structures of experimental animals with the human digestive tract. This review focuses on recent understanding of the chemicals that used as induction agents in animals
The Relationship of ICH Score and 30-Day Mortality Rate in Hemorrhagic Stroke Patient: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Sitohang Samuel , Sabri
Published: December 2021

Hemorrhagic stroke is a type of stroke that causes more deaths than ischemic stroke. The prognosis of hemorrhagic stroke patients can be determined with ICH Score. ICH score has a value range of 0-6. The variables of ICH Score are GCS score (0-2), bleeding volume (0-1), intraventricular bleeding (0-1), infratentorial origin (0-1), and age (0-1). Aim: This meta-analysis study aims to determine the relationship between ICH Score and 30-day mortality rate in hemorrhagic stroke patients. Methods: This meta-analysis study uses online literature sourced from Pubmed, Science Direct and Google Scholar. Result: Based on data analysis, there is a significant relationship between the ICH Score and the mortality rate in hemorrhagic stroke patients (OR 18.04, 95% CI: 10.65; 30.55). Analysis of the ICH Score accuracy found that the ICH Score had high accuracy to predict the mortality of hemorrhagic stroke patients (AUC 0.827, 95% CI: 0.796; 0.858). Conclusion: ICH Score has a significant relationship with the 30-day mortality rate in hemorrhagic stroke patients and has high accuracy for predicting mortality in hemorrhagic stroke patients.
Proposta de implementação da ferramenta ERP – (Enterprise Resource Planning) em um comércio varejista: estudo de caso na empresa MG Comércio de Bombons e Descartáveis LTDA
Authors: Fernandes Kelly dos Santos , Gomes Daiane dos Santos , Gonçalves Merilane Trindade , Almeida Victor da Silva , Roberto José Carlos Alves
Published: December 2021

Contexto: Elaborou-se este artigo com o objetivo de propor a implementação da Ferramenta ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) em um comércio varejista, dentro da empresa MG Comércio de Bombons e Descartáveis LTDA, classificada como uma Empresa de Pequeno Porte – (EPP). Com base em pesquisas realizadas nesta organização, pôde-se diagnosticar a real situação da área da logística, em que os seus fatores críticos se dão pela falta de um gerenciamento para o atendimento aos clientes de forma adequada, ausência de processos relativos ao armazenamento e distribuição de produtos, a falta de controle nos custos de logística e a inexistência de uma ferramenta de ERP. Pergunta problema: Levando em consideração o contexto acima, isso proporcionou a pergunta problema: Como o gerenciamento logístico por meio da ferramenta ERP pode melhorar a otimização e distribuição para o atendimento aos clientes? Objetivo Geral: Esta pesquisa apresenta uma reflexão e objetiva compreender como essa ferramenta poderá contribuir no setor de logística desta empresa, identificando como a implementação da ferramenta ERP pode contribuir para a otimização e distribuição do processo logístico para o atendimento aos clientes. Metodologia: A metodologia adotada foi à pesquisa exploratório-descritiva, no qual seu estudo foi desenvolvido por meio da análise qualitativa, com caráter de natureza aplicada. Resultados: Utilizou-se a ferramenta 5W2H para a construir os passos da implementação do sistema ERP; definir a estratégia de utilização desta ferramenta voltada a melhoraria da área logística; adquirir equipamentos de TI para instalação da ferramenta ERP; treinar as equipes no processo de ERP; e analisar os resultados após a implementação do sistema. Considerações Finais: Espera-se que este artigo contribua para a melhoria contínua desta organização, bem como permita explorar e investigar de forma satisfatória o setor e a organização em estudo, visando conciliar todos os procedimentos abordados no decorrer deste estudo de caso.
Gestão de estoque: o controle interno na gestão do estoque de microempresas
Authors: Souza Junior Elielson Lima de , Machado Janderson Gomes , Rodrigues Keroleny Conceição de Araújo , Freitas Ryan Phellipe Crisóstomo de , Roberto José Carlos Alves , Serra Meg Rocha da Cunha , Lopes Nelânia Ferreira
Published: December 2021

O gerenciamento de estoque, enquanto a principal fonte de capital de giro, tem-se caracterizado como um dos principais pilares de uma microempresa bem-sucedida. Trabalhar com valores reais, quantidades disponíveis e controle adequado de entradas e saídas é a essência de uma excelente gestão de estoques. Assim, o questionamento levantado que norteou esta pesquisa foi o seguinte: Qual a importância da gestão de estoques e quais são os procedimentos adequados para se alcançar uma gestão eficiente? Baseado no questionamento levantado, o objetivo deste estudo é verificar a importância de uma boa gestão de estoque no âmbito das microempresas, analisando métodos, critérios, técnicas e procedimentos existentes que auxiliam diretamente na execução do gerenciamento de estoques. Para atingir os objetivos, a metodologia de pesquisa empregada foi a bibliográfica, de natureza exploratória e descritiva. Logo, os resultados da pesquisa evidenciaram que a adoção de controle interno, aplicando alguns de seus princípios, contribuem diretamente para a eficiência das operações administrativas e operacionais de uma microempresa. A utilização de métodos e critérios adequados ao tipo de estoque influenciam diretamente nos resultados, colaborando diretamente com a geração de informações úteis e tempestivas, auxiliando na tomada de decisão pelos gestores. Cabe ressaltar que, a pesquisa evidenciou, ainda, a importância do estoque para uma microempresa, assim como o correto gerenciamento, utilizando-se de controles e procedimentos efetivos.
Atuação da gestão patrimonial e os métodos de controle do ativo imobilizado
Authors: Costa Patrick Batista , Carvalho Islandi Augusta Almeida , Roberto José Carlos Alves , Serra Meg Rocha da Cunha , Lopes Nelânia Ferreira
Published: December 2021

O ativo imobilizado normalmente representa boa parte do ativo de uma empresa, portanto, deve ser controlado e monitorado através de uma gestão eficiente, de modo que forneça relatórios com informações estratégicas para a contabilidade. Em vista disso, compreender o que é a gestão patrimonial e como fazê-la de maneira efetiva é muito importante para otimização dos resultados de qualquer empresa. Portanto, o presente artigo tem o intuito de responder a seguinte pergunta problema: Qual o papel da gestão patrimonial no controle de ativo imobilizado? Esse artigo tem como objetivo geral demonstrar o papel da gestão patrimonial através do uso das ferramentas de controle do ativo imobilizado. Esse artigo trata-se de uma pesquisa aplicada com abordagem qualitativa, que se utiliza de fins exploratórios e fundamentados na pesquisa de livros, leis e outros artigos científicos que abordam a temática apresentada. Observou-se, no estudo, que o principal papel da gestão patrimonial é dar suporte à salvaguarda do patrimônio contra riscos e perdas, e esse suporte pode ser composto a partir de ações de controle, tais como: contagens físicas independentes, sistema de autorização e aprovação, segregação de função, determinação de funções e responsabilidades, rotação de funcionários envolvidos nos processos e cumprimento de legislação pertinente. Espera-se que as informações levantadas com o desenvolvimento da pesquisa possam servir de direcionamento aos profissionais da área, além de servir como material de apoio para discentes e outros interessados no assunto.
O endividamento tributário nas empresas de médio e pequeno porte
Authors: Feliciano Amanda Cristina Duarte , Pereira Jakeliny Santos , Roberto José Carlos Alves , Serra Meg Rocha da Cunha , Lopes Nelânia Ferreira
Published: December 2021

O endividamento tributário nas empresas de médio e pequeno porte é um dos fatores que mais contribui para a grande quantidade de encerramento das operações econômicas desse grupo. A pesquisa apurou através do método bibliográfico as características que levam a esse infortúnio, como também as configurações para se retirar dele. O objetivo geral foi demonstrar as formas de prevenir e melhorar a questão do endividamento tributário de organizações de médio e pequeno porte, buscando também distinguir as empresas de médio e pequeno porte e suas particularidades, especificar a diferença na forma de quitação da dívida entre tributação do lucro real e simples nacional e estabelecer o planejamento tributário. Além disso, foi observado o déficit na questão do não cumprimento das obrigações e encargos tributários, nesse sentido, o presente artigo, tem como questão norteadora: Quais formas de quitar o endividamento tributário nas empresas de médio e pequeno porte? Trata–se, então, de um estudo aplicado com base explicativa seguindo a estrutura bibliográfica sendo embasada em materiais legítimos e congruentes com a proposta. Na qual foi possível identificar que o Regime do Simples Nacional é mais viável que o Lucro real por meio de lançamentos e, o planejamento tributário, como maior ferramenta de contrição para a regularização do endividamento tributário.
Analitička, eksperimentalna i numerička analiza čistog savijanja aluminijskih nosača s umjetno proizvedenom strukturom
Authors: Jurković Damjan , Žiković Laura , Papa Dukić Edita , Jelenić Gordan
Published: December 2021

Ovaj rad razmatra deformacije pri čistom savijanju homogenih i heterogenih nosača. Deformacije su određene analitičkim putem, eksperimentalno, metodom tenzometrije te metodom konačnih elemenata. Definirana je geometrija uzoraka koja čini nosače heterogenima i izvedena formula momenta površine drugog reda oslabljenog nosača. Cilj rada je provjera primjenjivosti gredne teorije za analizu heterogenih izotropnih i ortotropnih nosača. Uspoređeni su rezultati tri pristupa, pri čemu su eksperimentalni rezultati korišteni kao referentni.
Procjena učinkovitosti održivih sustava odvodnje oborinskih voda na primjeru Sveučilišnog kampusa na Trsatu
Authors: Maretić Andrea , Krvavica Nino
Published: December 2021

U ovome radu provedena je analiza sustava za odvodnju oborinskih voda s područja Sveučilišnog kampusa u Rijeci. Pored klasičnog razdjelnog sustava, predložen je i održivi sustav odvodnje oborinskih voda. Učinkovitost ovog prijedloga procijenjena je pomoću hidrološko-hidrauličkog modela. Rezultati su pokazali da implementacija održivog sustava odvodnje oborinskih voda može značajno smanjiti otjecanje do razine kakvo je postajalo na slivu prije početka izgradnje.