bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TRENDS IN SUSTAINABLE PRACTICES IN THE CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY USING GREEN STAR CERTIFIED BUILDINGS DATA
Authors: Tumbaga Joshua , Vimonsatit Sorn , Lopez Jema Rica
Published: June 2022

Green building rating systems are proving to be an effective way to encourage sustainability practices in the construction industry. Green Building Council of Australia (GBCA) has developed four Green Star rating tools that provide a means of certification for building design and construction, operation, fit outs, and communities. The GBCA Green Star rating gives credit to different sustainability aspects of buildings such as energy use in terms of greenhouse gas emissions, embodied energy of materials, water efficiency, and others. This study aimed at determining trends in sustainability practices in the Australian construction industry based on the Green Star credits of certified buildings under the Design and As-built tool. A frequency analysis on the points earned on credits versus the number of projects was done to show perspectives in the industry practice. Analysis of the Green Star credits was also carried out using data available in the literature to further understand the industry motives behind the results. Findings showed that “greenhouse gas emissions”, “indoor pollutants-engineered wood products”, “peak electricity demand reduction”, “potable water” and “sustainable transport” were the credits in which most of the rated buildings had achieved, while life cycle impacts were the credits that certified buildings rarely achieved.
STUDY ON FLEXURAL BEHAVIOR OF ULTRA HIGH STRENGTH CONCRETE USING L-BOX
Authors: Bhikshma vankudothu - , KALASKAR NARESH KUMAR
Published: June 2022

Ultra-high strength concrete (UHSC) a new technology to strengthen precast industry business with new products and solutions. The purpose of this research is to gauge the performance of ultra-high strength concrete in flexure, as incremental compressive strength of concrete will increase its brittleness. In the present investigation, the cement is partially replaced with scm’s like ultra-fine GGBS. M125 mix has been designed with W/C ratio 0.15 with high end water reducing agent with normal curing in ambient temperature of 27°C +/-2°C and concrete has been placed in the prisms with and without using L-Box. The maximum flexural strength has been achieved 22.86 N/mm2 for M125 when used L-Box (as concrete flow through L-Box made the steel fibers orientation in the uniform direction and parallel to the neutral axis in tension zone) during the concreting. With this study we can conclude that the flexural strength of ultra-high strength concrete is purely depending upon the placing of the concrete during the application and the orientation of fibers in tension zone of the concrete. The flexural strength of UHSC can be improved easily by making the concrete flow through L-Box.
Smoothing of chromatographic signals by their approximation in the basis of Chebyshev-Hermite functions
Authors: Bochkarev Andrey V. , Sayfullin Raukhat T.
Published: June 2022

The paper deals with assessing the scope of the approximation algorithm for smoothing chromatographic signals. The algorithm is based on Chebyshev-Hermite functions. For approximation, an algorithm is used that implies the calculation of the shift and scale factors for the basis functions, as well as the division of the signal into fragments. The smoothing error of the model signal is considered when it is approximated in the selected basis in comparison with the digital moving average filter. The error of smoothing the derivative of the signal and the position on the derivative of extremums is also investigated, a comparison is made, as in the previous case, with a digital moving average filter. As part of an experimental study, the nine most characteristic chromatographic peaks extracted from real chromatograms are processed in the work. To assess the quality of smoothing, the standard deviation of the noise and the residual are compared, and the distribution law of the residual is determined. According to the results of the study, restrictions are set on the maximum allowable value of the asymmetry coefficient of the processed chromatographic peaks. Thanks to the use of the chosen approximation approach, it is possible to solve the problem of smoothing chromatographic signals without attenuating the useful component. The computer algebra system Wolfram Mathematica 11.3 was used for calculations and graphical presentation of the simulation results.
Determinationturnsamountandcoils scheme connection of the secondary winding a three-phase-multiphase phases number transformer converter
Authors: Moskalev Yuriy V.
Published: June 2022

The article lists various technical devices and systems that require transformer converters of the number of phases. Increasing the number of phases can significantly improve the performance and characteristics of such devices and systems. An approach has been developed to determine the minimum coils number of the secondary winding of a three-phase-multiphase transformer converter, each phase of the secondary winding of which consists of three coils connected in series, one placed on each of the three core rods. The number of turns can be calculated for the secondary winding, the number of phases of which is more than two. An example is considered for determining the number of turns of the coils of the secondary winding of a three-phase-five-phase transformer converter. The diagram of the connection of the secondary winding of such a device is given, the calculation of the total power of the coils of the secondary winding for a given multiphase load connected as a multipath star is performed. A simulation model of a three-phase-five-phase converter has been compiled in the Matlab Simulink simulation environment. The necessary circuit for connecting the windings is implemented using single-phase transformers with different transformation coefficients. Symmetrical five-phase voltage system is obtained as the output data of the model. For a different number of phases of the secondary winding, the values of the coefficient are calculated, which allows us to estimate the number of turns required to form one phase of the secondary winding of the converter. Using this coefficient, the comparison of the number of turns of the coils of the secondary winding of the device with a different number of phases was performed.
Migrant mothers’ heritage language education in South Korea: complex and agentive navigation of capital and language ideologies
Authors: Lew Shim , Choi Jayoung
Published: June 2022

Heritage language (HL) learning has been known as essential to transmission of cultural values, familial and social bonds, and children’s potential academic and professional advancement. Nevertheless, social pressures of linguistic assimilation have made HL education difficult for many migrant families across the globe. HL transmission to younger generations is particularly challenging in damunhwa [multiculture] families in South Korea since the ethnolinguistic minority women from developing countries are pressured to acquire Korean rapidly and use Korean only with their children for faster integration to the mainstream society and to avoid discrimination in this traditionally homogenous country. Our qualitative analysis of in-depth interviews of 9 migrant mothers with various geographical, socioeconomic, and education backgrounds reveals that they exerted their agency in navigating and negotiating their available capital and the constraining language ideologies to promote HL education for their children in Korean-only spaces. Our analysis also depicts the diversity and complexity in the manifestations of the migrant women’s maneuvers for HL education within their specific circumstances with multiple intersecting factors. Our findings will contribute to wider HL education research and practices as we strive to make fertile ground for HL education for all migrant families and children around the globe, especially for those who speak socially stigmatized languages.
Phonetic transfer in Diné Bizaad (Navajo)
Authors: Palakurthy Kayla
Published: June 2022

Research on bilingual populations finds that phonetic transfer between languages is common, especially in similar sounds. Yet, phonetic studies that include bilingual speakers of Indigenous languages remain rare. This paper analyzes phonetic transfer in Diné Bizaad (Navajo), a Dene language indigenous to North America. Specifically, I examine the evidence for intergenerational change and convergence with English in the release period durations of Diné affricated stops [kx, tx]. The analysis is based on tokens of Diné [kx, tx] and English [kh, th] extracted from recent interviews with 51 Diné-English bilinguals. Release durations of targeted sounds are measured, compared with earlier analogous measurements, and statistically analyzed to assess age effects. Participants, especially younger speakers, are predicted to produce Diné [kx, tx] with shorter releases than earlier measurements, and with releases that align more with similar English sounds. Data confirm that speakers pronounce Diné [kx], but not [tx], with shorter durations; younger participants also produce [kx] with the shortest releases, and with durations closest to English [kh]. Results suggest that perceptual similarity between velar sounds leads to phonetic convergence, but alveolar sounds are sufficiently distinct to prevent transfer. Together, findings attest to the relevance of minority language contexts to theories of bilingual phonology.
Where have all the sound changes gone? Examining the scarcity of evidence for regular sound change in Australian languages
Authors: Miceli Luisa , Round Erich
Published: June 2022

Almost universally, diachronic sound patterns of languages reveal evidence of both regular and irregular sound changes, yet an exception may be the languages of Australia. Here we discuss a long-observed and striking characteristic of diachronic sound patterns in Australian languages, namely the scarcity of evidence they present for regular sound change. Since the regularity assumption is fundamental to the comparative method, Australian languages pose an interesting challenge for linguistic theory. We examine the situation from two different angles. We identify potential explanations for the lack of evidence of regular sound change, reasoning from the nature of synchronic Australian phonologies; and we emphasise how this unusual characteristic of Australian languages may demand new methods of evaluating evidence for diachronic relatedness, and new thinking about the nature of intergenerational transmission. We refer the reader also to Bowern (this volume) for additional viewpoints from which the Australian conundrum can be approached.
The recyclability and printability of electrophotographic printed paper
Authors: Sonmez Sinan , Wu Qingliu , Gong Roland , Fleming Paul D. , Pekarovicova Alexandra
Published: June 2022

Paper is the most successful recycled material from commercial and municipal wastes. Part of recycled paper requires deinking to meet the product requirement, such as tissue, printing grade and newspaper. The original print method plays a major role in deinking performance. The digital print methods, such as electrophotographic (or laser) print, have been rapidly adapted in the commercial printing. Paper mills need to modify their procedure to deink these types of recycled paper, which contain fine toner particles. In this study, the recyclability of electrophotographic printed paper has been evaluated extensively, or three repeats with an industrial standard. Meanwhile, recycled fiber from each repeat underwent printability analysis. Except the influence from papermaking method and pulp furnish, the strength of the recycled fiber slightly declines after each repeat because of fiber deterioration, which also affected the paper surface properties. However, the recycled fiber presented good printability on each recycling, especially on print density and fine details. It suggested that the electrophotographic substrate can tolerate a high recycled fiber content.
A Phenomenology of the Job-Related Experiences of Early Career Catholic Elementary School Principals
Authors:   Liberty University, Kerins Sarah K. , Spaulding Lucinda S. ,   University of Lynchburg
Published: June 2022

This qualitative phenomenology investigated the job-related experiences of early career Catholic elementary school principals (N = 13) in the Mideastern region of the United States. Data were collected from an introductory survey, semi-structured interviews, two focus groups, and a participant designed plan for professional development. The findings indicated that Catholic elementary principals in their early career are motivated by a calling to a vocation in Catholic school leadership as well as the ability to develop and implement a vision for their school. Principals reported being challenged by limited resources, balancing the demands of the position, and navigating relationships. Finally, principals believed they are supported by diocesan administrators in the areas of human resources and student issues, particularly if the concerns have legal implications.
Views of Catholic Middle School Students on Handling Peer Aggression
Authors:   St. John’s University, Khemka Ishita , Hickson Linda ,   Teachers College, Columbia University, Gilic Lina ,   State University of New York at Old Westbury
Published: June 2022

Aggression toward peers who are perceived as weaker or different is a widespread problem for middle school students including those attending Catholic middle schools. Middle school students’ normative beliefs about the acceptability of various types of aggressive behavior influences their own potential involvement in bullying. Therefore, how middle schoolers decide to respond to situations of peer aggression may affect their standing as either victims, bystanders to bullies, or as bully-victims in school environments over time. This study looks at how middle schoolers (sixth, seventh, and eighth grade girls and boys) in Catholic schools think it best to respond to peer aggression by examining their decision-making preferences for how targeted peers (from a vulnerable group) should respond to physical, verbal, or cyber aggression situations. Although significant effects regarding gender, grade, and type of peer aggression were found for the decision-making of the middle schoolers, findings reveal that overall middle schoolers’ preferences were well developed for resisting peer aggression. The study provides important insights for how to supplement commonly existing curricula on social emotional learning in Catholic Schools with decision-making training inputs for the design of future school-based bullying prevention programs. Preparing middle schoolers in Catholic schools to respond to stop peer aggression in a proactive way supports the mission of Catholic schools to create safe and caring school environments.
Beyond Academic Performance and Faith Formation: A Focus Section on Values and the Future of Catholic Schools in the United States
Authors:   World Bank, Wodon Quentin
Published: June 2022

Readers of the JCE are likely familiar with the enrollment crisis in K–12 Catholic schools in the United States. In 1965, 5.2 million children were enrolled in close to 13,000 Catholic schools. Today, 1.7 million children are enrolled in fewer than 6,000 schools (National Catholic Educational Association, 2022). The future does not look particularly promising. The reduction in the number of students due to lower fertility rates (National Center for Education Statistics, 2022) and a decline in the share of the adult population who are religiously affiliated (Smith, 2021) are sources of concerns. What might be done to stem the long-term decline in enrollment in Catholic schools while also strengthening the ability of the schools to fulfill their mission in a rapidly changing society? There are no easy answers, but the articles in this focus section suggest that a stronger emphasis on the role played by Catholic schools in instilling values may be a path forward.
Payment for Order Flow
Authors: Schuster Gunnar , Raetz Marius
Published: June 2022

Payment for Order Flow (PFOF) is the practice of execution venues to make payments to a brokerage firm if the brokerage firm routes client orders to these execution venues. Following the “Gamestop” incident, PFOF has become the subject of increased scrutiny in the US and the EU. The European Commission has recently proposed legislation to ban this practice altogether. This article assesses the admissibility of PFOF under MiFID II with a focus on the German implementation and provides an overview of the proposed PFOF ban against the broader MiFIR legislative package.
The criminalization of stalking and characteristics of court practices in stalking cases in Lithuania
Authors: Laurinaitytė Ilona , Michailovič Ilona , Jarutienė Liubovė , Zokaitė Justina
Published: June 2022

Stalking is considered a serious public health problem as well as a harmful form of victimization often leading to severe consequences for the victim. Although there is still little agreement on the exact definition of stalking, it has been recognized that the core elements of stalking include deliberateness and recurrence of the stalker’s actions as well as victim fear and concern for safety. The main purpose of this article is to debate on the definition of stalking as well as provide the rates of stalking in Lithuania. Authors conclude that stalking refers to a constellation of a diverse range of actions and may include both direct communication with the victim and the use of cyberspace technologies. A rapid development of modern digital technologies leads to a wide variety of complex stalking behavior patterns that makes it complicated to generate an adequate legal response to this phenomenon. The results of a public survey conducted by a research group from the Law Institute of the Centre for Social Sciences in 2021 show that the rates of stalking in Lithuania are comparable to those reported in foreign studies as 17.5% of Lithuanian population have experienced stalking at least once during their lifetime. Stalking by the current or former intimate partner was the most prevalent stalking category, as it comprised nearly 39% of all stalking cases in the state. The article also covers some aspect of court practices in stalking-related cases during the period from 2016 to 2020, before anti-stalking legislation was introduced in Lithuania. By year 2021, when stalking was criminalized in Lithuania, 23 European Union member countries have managed to develop criminal anti-stalking legislation. Another aim of this article is to discuss the way criminal anti-stalking legislation was introduced in Lithuania and compare Lithuanian approach to the legal provisions enacted in other countries. Authors conclude that although the introduction of criminal anti-stalking legislation in Lithuania was an important step towards ensuring victims’ safety, it still may possibly lead to some practical issues during the criminal investigation of stalking cases.
Endoscopic diagnostic and surgical orbital approach in canines
Authors: Djuric Milos LJ. , Krstic Vanja P. , Lazic Tatjana M. , Grozdanic Sinisa D.
Published: June 2022

The aim of this study is to describe new diagnostic and surgical orbital approaches using video endoscopy in canines. Four different endoscopic approaches were investigated in this study of video endoscopy in cadavers: dorsal transorbital ligament approach via incision of the orbital ligament (DTOLA), dorsal subpalpebral transconjunctival approach (DSTA), ventral subpalpebral transconjunctival approach (VSTA), and transoral orbital approach (TOA). Two additional approaches, the ventral transpalpebral approach (VTA) and dorsal caudal transmuscular approach (DCTA) along with the DTOLA and DSTA were used in clinical patients. The most technically demanding approach was DTOLA; however, it provided the best visualisation of different anterior and posterior orbital structures. Visualisation of primarily the dorsal orbital wall, dorsal portion of the eye globe, and dorsal extraconal space also was achieved by DSTA. The VSTA enabled good visualisation of the ventral orbital floor and the ventral extraconal and intraconal space. In contrast, the TOA provided relatively poor visualisation of orbital structures, limited to the ventral orbital quadrant. Meanwhile, the VTA provided visualisation similar to the VSTA, while DCTA visualisation was limited to the dorsal and caudal orbital space. Orbital endoscopy is an effective and minimally invasive procedure that can be used for diagnostic and surgical orbital procedures.
1980s
Authors: Kraft Robert A
Published: June 2022

The CSR Bulletin and CSSR Bulletin of the 1980s continued to press the case for a publication in tune with the various offices where scholars carry out their work. Some of the pieces will quickly strike readers as being very much of their time; others, especially prescient. In this fiftieth anniversary issue, we present a piece that may accomplish both. This 1984 piece by Robert A. Kraft is one of the earliest essays in the field on the role computers do and can play in religious studies scholarship. In many ways, “In Quest of Computer Literacy” is the spiritual predecessor to Kraft’s later CSSR Bulletin column, Offline, and today’s Bulletin feature, The Download. Later in this issue, Jeri Wieringa shares with us her reflections on the ideas Kraft has laid out here.
Reinventing the Study of Religion
Authors: Sheedy Matt
Published: June 2022

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Lärare för andra?
Authors: Wedin Åsa , Rosén Jenny
Published: June 2022

Här riktas intresset mot villkor för en likvärdig utbildning på Språkintroduktionsprogrammet, vilket undersöks med fokus på rektorers och lärares aktörskap, kompetens och yrkesroller. Studien bygger på en innehållsanalys av nationell utbildningspolicy samt rektor- och lärarutbildning. Genom en policyanalys med fokus på process genom styrdokumentens uttryckta innehåll i olika lager vad gäller kontinuitet, samstämmighet och motsägelsefullhet synliggörs ambivalens mellan olika texter. Motsägelser framträder mellan kompetenskrav på nationell nivå och den kompetens som rektors- och ämneslärarutbildningarna förväntas leda till, samt mellan å ena sidan det kvalitetsansvar som tillskrivs rektorer i nationella styrdokument med den specifika kompetens som där avkrävs för Språkintro, och å andra sidan det faktum att denna kompetens i princip enbart synliggörs i utbildning av lärare i svenska som andraspråk (sva). En diskontinuitet framträder mellan den nationella policynivån och rektors- och lärarutbildningsnivån liksom mellan olika lärarkategorier. Därmed kan en ambivalens identifieras mellan styrdokumentens samstämmighet med rådande forskning om andra-språkselevers villkor för lärande och de utbildningskrav som ställs på lärare och rektorer. Denna bristande överensstämmelse och diskontinuitet kan förklara vissa av de problem gällande Språkintro som identifierats i rapporter och tidigare forskning. Studiens resultat synliggör därmed att förutsättningar saknas för att erbjuda en likvärdig utbildning för elever på Språkintroduktionsprogrammet.
Towards a Model for Zero Trust Data
Authors: Pittman Jason M. , Alaee Shaho , Crosby Courtney , Honey Tom , Schaefer Geoffrey M.
Published: June 2022

The world has realized traditional cybersecurity models are flawed because users and systems behind the perimeter are implicitly trusted. The response has been to treat access requests and behaviors post-access as untrusted. Thus, the aim of such zero trust architecture is to establish
a borderless access-control framework. Accordingly, existing research is centered around network perimeters and communications layers. That is, data access channels or endpoints and not data itself. Consequently, we conducted a systematic review of relevant literature and developed a model
illustrating a potential application of zero trust tenets and principles to data objects instead of data access pathways based on the findings. Concurrently, given the rising popularity of employing artificial intelligence to zero trust frameworks, our zero trust data concept targets artificial
intelligence training and real-world evaluation data segments.
Implementing Classical Logic in a Quantum Environment
Authors: Dunne Christopher T.
Published: June 2022

This paper is meant to serve as an introductory guide on how to implement simple logic gates in a quantum environment. Uncompressed circuits for each statement can be found in the appendix.
Organizational Gangs-A Qualitative Study on Educational Organizations
Authors: KARAYAMAN Saffet
Published: June 2022

The existence of informal groups such as formal groups in every organization is an indisputable fact. While some informal groups are composed of people who come together for innocent and harmless purposes, it is a situation that some groups have special purposes other than organizational goals. It can be seen that some informal groups within the organization are overly attached to each other for various reasons and prioritize their individual goals over the organizational goals. Such groups are tends to gain some privileges, benefits and protect each other within the organization. It can be said that informal groups within the organization that have reached this level have turned into a kind of organizational interest group. These structures can be called organizational gangs. Organizational gangs are one of the most important factors that accelerate entropy in organizations. In this study, the characteristics and purposes of "organizational gangs" were tried to be revealed. The universe of the research consists of teachers and school principals working in educational institutions. 10 participants on active duty constitute the sample of this study, which was carried out using qualitative research methods. Through the semi-structured interview form, the opinions of the participants, including their experiences with the organisational gangs, were taken. The answers received were categorized under common themes. For the reliability of the research, the formula developed by Miles and Huberman (1994) was used and the reliability was calculated as 94%. Categorized themes from the data obtained were examined separately, interpreted and discussed in the light of the literature. According to the results of the research, it was determined that all of the participants encountered organizational gangs and had to struggle with them. It has also been found that organizational gang members have certain prominent personality traits. According to this; personality traits of organizational gang members; they are listed as “selfish”, “incompetent” and “unskilled”. The aims of organizational gangs are respectively; it has been determined as "climbing up the career ladder", "financial interests" and "personal traits". In the last part of the study, suggestions regarding the methods of owercome against organizational gangs are presented. Afterwards, new research proposals on organizational gangs were included, and recommendations were presented to authorities and researchers.
Scalable Optimization of Multivariate Performance Measures in Multi-instance Multi-label Learning
Authors: Aggarwal Apoorv , Ghoshal Sandip , Shetty Ankith , Sinha Suhit , Ramakrishnan Ganesh , Kar Purushottam , Jain Prateek
Published: June 2022

The problem of multi-instance multi-label learning (MIML) requires a bag of instances to be assigned a set of labels most relevant to the bag as a whole. The problem finds numerous applications in machine learning, computer vision, and natural language processing settings where only partial or distant supervision is available. We present a novel method for optimizing multivariate performance measures in the MIML setting. Our approach MIML-perf uses a novel plug-in technique and offers a seamless way to optimize a vast variety of performance measures such as macro and micro-F measure, average precision, which are performance measures of choice in multi-label learning domains. MIML-perf offers two key benefits over the state of the art. Firstly, across a diverse range of benchmark tasks, ranging from relation extraction to text categorization and scene classification, MIML-perf offers superior performance as compared to state of the art methods designed specifically for these tasks. Secondly, MIML-perf operates with significantly reduced running times as compared to other methods, often by an order of magnitude or more.
Forecasting of production and scrap amounts using artificial neural networks
Authors: Polat Tulay Korkusuz
Published: June 2022

The increase in consumer needs and the scarcity of production resources cause the concept of ‘productivity’ to be essential for companies. Reducing costs is an essential factor for increasing competitiveness, and therefore, businesses are taking action to reduce scrap costs and increase efficiency. Since the increase in scrap will reduce productivity, it may cause production delays and thus customer dissatisfaction. In this study, the slitting line of one of the essential Japanese supplier companies operating in the automotive sector in Turkey is discussed. The proposed model aims to predict the amount of production and scrap that may occur to increase productivity in the slitting line by using an artificial neural network (ANN) and increasing the efficiency of the slitting line with the measures to be taken. In this context, different ANN designs were made for production and scrap. During the execution of the ANN models, the production and scrap amounts were forecasted at 99 and 85%, respectively. While measuring the successful performance of the ANN models, root mean squared error, mean absolute percent error and R 2 indicators were used; the forecasted values produced by the ANNs that were successful in terms of performance indicators were compared with the actual values, and the reliability of the study was increased.
Wind simulation using different parameters in a weather research and forecasting model
Authors: Ma Yunfeng , Zhao Huijie , Feng Lei , Hu Qiongqiong , Zhao Di , Wang Shuai , Liu Qiyao , Gao Kunyu , Xu Zhengqing
Published: June 2022

A study designed different parameter schemes for a weather research and forecasting model to simulate hourly winter and summer wind speed and direction at a wind-farm tower in China. The schemes were found to reproduce the local wind conditions accurately and simulate wind direction very well. The results showed that one scheme performed better for the wind speed and wind direction simulation at 10 and 90 m height in the winter, while another performed better for simulation at 10 m height in the summer. The results for these schemes showed that the correlation coefficients of wind speed and wind direction were 0.75 and 0.62 in winter and 0.55 and 0.44 in summer, respectively. Overall, the parameterised model exhibited better simulation of the wind speed than wind direction, and was better in winter than in summer.
Droplet depinning on superhydrophobic surfaces: from simple rigid wetting to complex soft wetting
Authors: Jiang Youhua
Published: June 2022

Droplet depinning on superhydrophobic surfaces is pervasive in nature and critical to many applications and hence has been studied extensively over the past few decades. A consensus has been reached that the droplet depinning force mainly stems from the synergistic dynamics of the three-phase contact line and the liquid–vapor interface. Nevertheless, the aforementioned conclusions were made using simple (pure water) droplets depinning on rigid superhydrophobic surfaces, denoted as simple rigid wetting, where the main influencing factors are liquid–vapor interfacial tension, surface texture geometry and material wettability. In recent years, an increasing amount of attention has been paid to complex soft wetting, where liquid physiochemical properties (e.g. viscoelasticity) and solid surface rigidity play an important role. To encourage the investigation of complex soft wetting, in this perspective, depinning of simple droplets on soft surfaces and depinning of viscoelastic droplets on rigid surfaces are briefly introduced. Then, possible factors that affect viscoelastic droplet depinning on soft superhydrophobic surfaces are discussed. Moreover, applications that are highly relevant to complex soft wetting are introduced.
INDEPENDENCE AND GOOD FAITH OF THE COURT AND JUDGES IN THE DIGITAL AGE: AN INTEGRATION EXPERIENCE
Authors:   Russian State University of Justice, Neshataeva T. N.
Published: June 2022

Introduction: the article is devoted to the problems of judicial independence and standards of judicial conduct. Purpose: to analyze the independence of judges tracing its procedural and judicial development through the example of the activities of the Court of the EAEU, as well as in the light of the emergence of new virtual forms of influence on judges and their independence. Methods: general scientific methods of analysis, synthesis, generalization, comparative legal method, cultural-historical approach. Results: the EAEU has already established international integration management bodies; however, violation of procedural regulations (or their absence) generates unacceptable dishonesty in the implementation of norms. A conflict that slows down the integration can arise not only directly in the economic turnover but can also be artificially created by a bad faith influence on the court from the public, for example, in a digital environment. This happens in case of violation of standards of international service such as competence, objectivity, conflict of interest, and good faith. Pressure to change a judicial act is a particularly dangerous form of violation of these standards. Conclusions: it is necessary to improve the procedural formalization of the activities of the EAEU bodies: the methods of voting on economic issues in supranational bodies should be changed, as well as the structure of the Court of the EAEU. Changes are also required in the mechanism of execution of the Court’s judgments. Publicity as well as stricter mechanisms for appointing judges, including those of an international court, can serve as a serious antidote to bad faith actions in a virtual environment.
THE ACQUISITION OF SHARED PARENTAL RESPONSIBILITY BY SAME-SEX CIVIL UNION PARTNERS
Authors: Anne Louw
Published: June 2022

The acquisition of parental responsibility in South Africa is currently still determined by the legitimate status of a child (Van Heerden “How the Parental Power is Acquired and Lost” in Van Heerden, Cockrell and Keightley (eds) Boberg’s Law of Persons and the Family (1999) 317 and authority quoted in fn 17). The birth of a legitimate child will vest equal and independent parental responsibility in both parents of the child (s 1(2) of the Guardianship Act 192 of 1993). Legitimate status and the resultant acquisition of parental responsibility can also be achieved through the legitimation of the child per matrimonium subsequens, adoption and artificialfertilisation with the consent of both spouses (Davel and Jordaan Law of Persons (2005) 108-109). In the case of a same-sex civil union it is obvious that the acquisition of shared parental responsibility by both civil union partners through the birth of a legitimate child or the legitimation of a child born out of wedlock, is out of the question. This comment will investigate the possibility of same-sex civil union partners acquiring shared parental responsibility in respect of a child or children born through adoption and artificial fertilisation. Since the children cannot be described as being legitimate or “born from the marriage” between the same-sex civil unionpartners, they will be referred to as children “planned” by the partners themselves. In this way the civil union partners are seen as the intentional parents of the children, that is, the persons who intend to become the legal parents of the child(ren) at birth. The acquisition of parental responsibility by one civil union partner in respect of children born from a previous (heterosexual) marriage or relationship of the other same-sex civil union partner will also briefly be canvassed.
SOME THOUGHTS ON THE UBUNTU JURISPRUDENCE OF THE CONSTITUTIONAL COURT
Authors: Narnia Bohler-Müller
Published: June 2022

In this contribution I revisit the ubuntu jurisprudence of the South African Constitutional Court. After analysing the various critiques of the ubuntu reasoning of this court, I offer below a careful reading of three recent cases, namely Khosa v Minister of Social Development (2004 6 SA 505 (CC)), Port Elizabeth Municipality v Various Occupiers (2004 12 BCLR 1268 (CC)) and Dikoko v Mokhatla (CCT62/05) in order to decipher to some extent the Court’s vision of a constitutional community of “belonging together” post-Makwanyane (see S v Makwanyane 1995 3 SA 391 (CC)). In particular I explore the singular judgments of Justices Sachs and Mokgoro in order to illustrate how it is possible to assess their attempts to think the law and post-apartheid community differently as a reflection of something truly new.
AFFIRMATIVE ACTION: ONLY A SHIELD? OR ALSO A SWORD? Harmse v City of Cape Town (2003) 24 ILJ 1130 and Dudley v City of Cape Town (2004) 25 ILJ 305 (LC)
Authors: David Thompson  , Adriaan van der Walt
Published: June 2022

The Employment Equity Act 55 of 1998 (hereinafter “the EEA”) which gives more detailed content to the right of equality enshrined in section 9 of the Constitution of South Africa, compels employers to promote equality in the workplace by eradicating unfair discrimination in employment policies and practices. Unfair discrimination against any employee, whether directly or indirectly, based on that employee’s race, sex, pregnancy, marital status, family responsibility, ethnic or social origin, colour, sexual orientation, age,disability, religion, HIV status, conscience, belief, political opinion, culture, language or birth is prohibited (s 6(1)). However, it is not unfair discrimination to take affirmative action measures consistent with the purpose of the EEA (s 6(2)). If an employee is thereforedifferentiated against due to affirmative action measures of the employer, such an employee will not succeed in an action based on unfair discrimination, provided that the employer acted within the permissible bounds of affirmative action. It has in fact been held by the South African Constitutional Court that any action in accordance with permissible affirmative action policies does in fact not amount to unfair discrimination (Minister of Finance v Van Heerden (2004) 25 ILJ 1593 (CC)). Affirmative action is therefore raised by employers as a justification for apparent unfair discrimination. If the justification is successful the particular court will conclude that there was no unfair discrimination. Affirmative action in this context is used as a shield, not a sword (see Dupper and Garbers“Commentary: Affirmative Action” in Thompson and Benjamin (eds) South African Labour Law Vol 1 (2002) 1-59). But can affirmative action be used as a sword? Can an employee (as envisaged in the EEA) argue that he or she is a victim of discrimination because his or her employer did not apply affirmative action measures consistent with the EEA? Is such a person also the victim of unfair discrimination? Can such a person base an application on section 6 of the EEA? This question may seem strange (see Grogan Dismissal, Discrimination and Unfair Labour Practice (2005) 93) and will in all probability not arise where only formal discrimination is at issue. In South Africa, however, where the ultimate goal is the achievement of substantive equality however, the issue needs consideration. Substantive equality can only be achieved if the distortions created by apartheid are removed and employers are compelled to give preference, at least for a while, to members of groups that were disadvantaged by unfair discrimination in the past. This question was addressed in two cases (Harmse v City of Cape Town (2003) 24 ILJ 1130 and Dudley v City of Cape Town (2004) 25 ILJ 305 (LC)). Both cases brought were against the City of Cape Town in the Labour Court. The purpose of this note is to analyse and evaluate the opposing judgments in these cases.
Négy kirándulás Kósa Gézával
Authors: Pócs Tamás
Published: June 2022

Egy botanikus jellemét és erényeit igazában csak a terepmunka során lehet megismerni. Kósa Géza egy igazi terepkutató volt. Megemlékezésként ezért választottam három közösen tett erdélyi és egy tanzániai botanikai kirándulásunk epizódjainak a leírását.
INHERITED AND ADOPTED VOCABULARY: DIFFERENCE OF THE CONCEPT WORDS ETHYMOLOGY AND ADOPTED WORDS (based on Spanish and Ukrainian languages)
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, VERBA Halyna , ORLYTCHENKO Olena ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv
Published: June 2022

The article deals with the semantic processes peculiar to the vocabulary of foreign origin in Spanish and Ukrainian. As it is known, in the vocabulary of any language there are inherited, own and adopted words by their origin. It seems interesting to compare and conclude whether there are common approaches to the definition of these terms – and, accordingly, to the processes of their adopting – in the two comparable languages. In the case of the Ukrainian language, experts believe that the actual Ukrainian vocabulary was created after the All-Slavic linguistic unity and at the present time is registered in the written works of the Ukrainians, founding its basis and forming national features of the language meanwhile adopted vocabulary are linguistic units that had come from different languages in the moment of direct or indirect communication. These are mainly Polish, Russian, Turkic languages, Latin and Greek. A similar approach is found in works of ulgarspecialists who have analyzed a similar phenomenon in Spanish, with the difference that the actual Spanish vocabulary was formed on the basis of Vulgar Latin, also known as Popular or Colloquial Latin, and adopted units also appeared in the course of historical development of direct or indirect communication (languages of pre Latin and post-Latin periods). These included mainly Latinisms, Greekisms, Arabisms, Indianisms and a small number of Germanisms. It seems important that the criteria for distinguishing specific and etymologically foreign vocabulary have not found an unambiguous definition, which leads to significant differences in terms of the quantitative composition of vocabulary in terms of its origin. Etymologically, foreign language vocabulary in the course of assimilation often loses its primary meaning and acquires a new in the course of language development. Such tokens acquire the status of interlingual paronyms (false friends of the translator).
Features of Professional Self-Determination of Minors with Persistent Illegal Behavior
Authors: Smolenkova V.A. , Shpagina E.M.
Published: June 2022

Due to the fact that the problem of professional self-determination of the personality of adolescents with illegal behavior has not been studied enough, the authors of the article had the goal of identifying the specifics of this process. It is assumed that adolescents with persistent illegal behavior are more indecisive, dependent and infantile in their professional choice compared to their peers with the norm of behavior. The study involved 63 adolescents of senior pubertal age: 30 students of Secondary school No. 15 in Ivanovo and 33 students of Special School No. 1 in Moscow. We used the method of diagnosing professional attitudes by I.M. Kondakov and the questionnaire “Tendency to deviant behavior” (A.N. Orel). The results obtained make it possible to say that adolescents with persistent illegal behavior are more dependent and infantile in a situation of professional choice. It is noted that they are more prone to addictive, aggressive and delinquent behavior, while only the tendency to overcome norms and rules correlates inversely with the rationalism of professional choice.
Plastics, Birds, and Humans: Awakening and Quickening Ecological Minds in Young Children and Their Teachers
Authors: Parnell Will , Cullen Julianne , Domingues Michelle Angela
Published: June 2022

Working with educators, artists, young children, and materials to make meaning with place affected by human environmental impacts, this study zooms in on a documentary of dying birds who’ve swallowed plastics. The birds’ habitat is an eye-opening 2,000 miles from the nearest continent and is infested with trash and plastic. The birds ingest many shiny plastic bits and slowly die. This research paper focuses in on experiences of sharing this documentary with teacher educators at an international conference, then educators in our own context, and then with early childhood artists working in reuse materials. The research captures a series of dialogues and materials interactions at each of the three gatherings about possible ways to research with young children on daunting ecological issues in perilously turbulent times.
Assessing the Impact of an Information Literacy Course on Students' Academic Achievement: A Mixed-Methods Study
Authors: Jones Wilma L. , Mastrorilli Tara
Published: June 2022

Objective – The aim of this study is to demonstrate the impact of a stand-alone, credit-bearing information literacy course on retention and GPA for students at an open access urban college.
Methods – Researchers conducted a mixed-methods study with a two-part focus. The first examined the impact of a credit-bearing course using propensity score matching (PSM) techniques to compare academic outcomes for students who participated in the course versus outcomes for similar students who did not enroll in the course. Multiple regression analyses were conducted to measure impact on GPA and performance in 100-level introductory English general education courses. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine persistence one year after enrolling in the course. The second part utilized a questionnaire to survey students of this targeted group to determine impact of the course on their information-seeking behaviour in subsequent academic courses and for non-academic purposes.
Results – The quantitative analyses showed: (a) a higher GPA, though slight, for students who have taken the course over the matched comparison group; (b) an increase in persistence for students who have taken the course over the matched comparison group after one year of taking the course; but (c) lower performance in 100-level introductory English courses by students who have taken the course in contrast to the matched comparison group. Qualitative data provided through the questionnaire revealed positive and substantive reflective statements that support learning outcomes of the course.
Conclusion – The findings in this study underscored the importance of a stand-alone, credit-bearing information literacy course for undergraduate students, particularly for first-generation students attending an open access urban institution. The findings also demonstrate the academic library’s contribution to institutional retention efforts in support of students’ academic success.