bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IMPORTANCE OF RASAVAHA STROTAS DUSHTI HETU AND AGNI CONCEPT IN PANDUROGA
Authors: Patil Sushil Haribhau , Suryawanshi Vaishali Milind , Shende Sangita Pramod
Published: December 2021

Ayurveda is the science which mentioned various principles for prevention and treatment of disease. ‘Prevention is better than cure’ is the basic concept of Ayurveda. It is a science of life and a great heritage of India. Ayurveda provides various treatment modalities and principles for maintaining proper health. In Ayurveda various concepts are described which are unique in sense as well as having its meaningful knowledge. Among them concept of Strotas and Agni also are very important. Agni has bio-transformative activity in the body which maintain Swasthya. Dosha Samyata and Vishamata are depends upon the Agni. The internal transport system of the body is represented by strotas and has been given a place of fundamental importance in Ayurveda for health and disease. There are 13 types of Strotas according to Acharya Charaka and 11 types according to Sushruta. In any Vikara utpatti, there is vitiation of Dosha, Dhatu, Mala and also Strotas. Rasavaha strotas is the strotas that does the circulation of Dosha, Dhatu, Anna, Jala. Rasavaha Strotas dushti leads to Vikara formation includes Pandu. In Ayurveda, AcharyaCharaka in his classical treaties, under the heading ‘Pandu’ as mentioned a group of symptoms which very closely resembles with the signs and symptoms of Anaemia according to modern medicine.
Keywords: Strotas, Agni, Rasavaha strotodushti Hetu, Panduroga.
ACADEMIC WRITING CHALLENGES OF FOREIGN LANGUAGE LEARNERS IN PAKISTAN
Authors: Dr. Syeda Naureen Mumtaz
Published: December 2021

This descriptive qualitative research sought to explore as what would be the best writing approach adopted to teach academic writing skill to the undergraduate university students to identify and minimize the identified problems. The aim of the study was to strengthen the academic writing skill of university students. For this purpose, thirty undergraduate students were selected and involved in focus group discussions to highlight the problematic area in the field of academic writing. Thematic analysis helped to understand the problems faced by the students and suggestions were made on the basis of the study’s findings. The study revealed the students’ inability to use appropriate vocabulary. These students lacked the skill to express themselves in their own words, and often their written work would look patchy. English being the foreign language to the students hampered their ability to think in the target language. The present study contributed to understand the problems and suggested process approach of writing to be adopted by the faculty to overcome the academic writing related problems.
Key Words: Process Approach, Product Approach, Genre Approach, Academic Writing
The relational and normative accommodation to the school environment of the pupils from traditional and step by step classes
Authors: Cîndea Adela
Published: December 2021

Beginning from the presence of Step by Step educational alternative at the level of the Romanian educational space, from its spreading area and from its defi nitive specifi c aspects which this alternative illustrates at the level of the instructive-educative process, we decided to approach a comparative study between this educational alternative and the traditional educational system on the direction of pupils’ relational and normative accommodation inside the school environment. We can diff erentiate the following indicators for relational accommodation dimension: pupils’ relational behaviour and their capacity to communicate with peers and teachers. Used instruments: questionnaire (questions II and III). The obtained results can determine if this educational alternative is suitable for our country educational system. Within the Step by Step pattern, in the fi rst grade, the number of pupils who manage to do this is 10, which is 20.8%, in the second grade, the number rises to 25, which is 52.1%, while in the third grade the number rises to 35 pupils, which constitutes 72.9%.
The stress analysis of effect of structure of public employee productivity
Authors: Osman Şahin
Published: December 2021

The most current problem of our time is the daily stress that people experience. Stress occurs at home, in the street, at work, and in many other situations. Our study is focused on the study of stress at the workplace of employees. Employees spend most of their time at work, where they face stressful situations. Although people work for a variety of reasons, the most important goal is to earn a living and a better quality of life. People who work for individuals and organizations are subject to fatigue. Employees contribute to the development of the organization, in order to have more success and income. Therefore, they need to work qualitatively and productively for both, the organization and themselves. Due to the intensity of work, stress inevitably occurs due to employee fatigue.
Case control study to assess the determinants of pregnancy induced hypertension among the antenatal mothers in Rajiv Gandhi women and children hospital at Puducherry
Authors: Margaret A  , Manjubala Dash
Published: December 2021

Background: Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are a major health problem to the world and is found to be the major cause of maternal morbidity and mortality accounting for nearly 10-15% 0f maternal deaths. Objective:To assess the determinants of Pregnancy induced hypertension. Methods: A case control study was conducted among pregnant women at Rajiv Gandhi Women and Children Hospital, Puducherry. 63 women with PIH were selected as cases and 63 normotensive pregnant women were taken as controls. The cases were selected by purposive sampling and the controls by simple random sampling. The tool consists of a self structured questionnaire which consists of the socio demographic factors and various other determinants assumed as a risk factor for PIH and some required information was also obtained from the case records. Statistics: The odds ratio and Chi-square test was used to determine the risk and association between PIH and the determinants respectively.Results: Primigravida (OR=2.826), multiple pregnancy (OR=2.629), presence of pedal edema (OR=54.836), family history of diabetes (OR=2.969), family history of hypertension (OR=5.5) Overweight (OR=2.12) and obesity (OR=6.52) were found to be significant risk factors of PIH. There was statistically significant association with history of abortion, parity, presence of pedal edema, use of contraceptives, family history of diabetes, family history of hypertension, prepregnancy Body mass index and PIH.
Trainings to train nursing teachers helping nursing students learn ethics: feedback of the participants
Authors: Piryani Rano Mal  , Piryani Suneel
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Short-duration trainings for nursing faculty members in different contexts including ethics have been shown positive effect on faculty. The objective of the present study was to assess the feedback of the participant faculty members of “Trainings to train nursing teachers helping nursing students learn ethics.” Methodology: The training of four credits hours to train nursing teachers helping nursing students learn ethics was organized in October 22, 2019 at Universal College of Medical Sciences, Bhairahawa Nepal. Fifteen nursing faculty members participated in the training. At the end of training feedback was taken from the participants using validated semi-structured questionnaire. Descriptive analysis was done using IBM SPSS version 21.Results: The rating of participants on training on scale 1-10 for usefulness (7.33±1.17), content (7.40±1.06), relevance (7.93± 0.70), facilitation (7.67± 0.98) and overall (7.93± 0.70) was notable. Their confidence level to conduct and facilitate “Think-Pair-Share” interactive session (3.68±0.69) and “Scenario-based Group-Work Discussion” (3.76±0.83) enhanced after training rated on Like rt scale 1-5(5= highly confident, 4= very confident, 3=confident, 2= to some extent confident 1= not confident). Participants rated session on “teaching clinical nursing ethics” an extremely important session (3.76±0.83) on Like rt scale 1-4 (4= extremely important, 3= moderately important, 2= slightly important, 1= not important). The participants mentioned that training environment was conducive and friendly, sessions were interactive and content was useful. They suggested to increase credit hours of training, conduct pre and post-test and include more scenario in curriculum of training. They committed for what was learnt will apply for teaching ethics to nursing students and in clinical nursing practice too. Conclusion: The rating of participants on the training was notable; the perception of participants was positive regarding training and training enhanced their confidence to teach ethics to students. This is obvious from their commitment.
Formulation and Optimization of Biodegradable Periodontal Chips Containing Metronidazole and Levofloxacin
Authors: Pyare Lal  , A.S. William Arputha Sundar  , Yogendra Singh
Published: December 2021

This research aimed to developintrapocket,biodegradablechips ofpoly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) loaded with Metronidazole (MZ) and levofloxacin (LF),for sustained release local drug delivery in periodontal pocket to treat periodontitis. Metronidazole and levofloxacin are widely employed for the treatment of periodontitis,but high oral dose and resistance development after long-term oral administration limit their use, hence local delivery is a good approach. The chips were prepared by solvent casting technique using diethyl phthalate as plasticizer. Their physical characteristics, such as drug content,surface pH, swelling index, and folding endurance, exhibited results within limit. Further, FTIR and DSCstudies revealed stability of chips and compatibility between drugs and excipients.In vitro release in McIlvainebuffer pH 7.8 was of sustained nature assisted by the burst effect. Design-Expert® (11.0.4) software was used to study the effect of polymer & plasticizer on release of drugs Polymer concentrationsnegatively affected drug release and positively affected T90 (time for releasing 90% of the drug) due toaltered matrix density. In contrast, the plasticizer concentration increases membrane permeability andhence increased drug release, lowering T90. Forvarious response variables,polynomial mathematical models were generated usingmultiple regression analysis, and found to be statistically significant (????<0.05).The antibacterial efficacy of films was tested on Pseudomonas spp. Bacteroides spp., indicatinggood antibacterial activity. Optimized formulations were further used for preparing optimized biodegradable, Metronidazole-Levofloxacin sustained release chip. Conclusively, the films of MZ and LF were successful tools for the management ofperiodontitis.
A Quasi-Experiment on the Effectiveness of Cardiac Rehabilitation in Quality of Life of Cardiac Patients with the Caregivers’ Involvement
Authors: Ruthpackiavathy Rajen Durai  , Khairuddin Idris  , Oteh Maskon  , Muhammad Hibatullah Romli  , Najibah Abdul Razak
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Coronary Heart Disease can result in impaired quality of life which can inhibit an early recovery with successful outcomes for cardiac patients. Objective: To investigate the effect of a structured cardiac education and early intervention cardiac rehabilitation program on quality of life in cardiac patients involving caregivers. Method: A quasi experimental study with a purposive sampling was carried out where 132 acute coronary syndrome patients hospitalized for treatment were recruited and allocated to the experiment and control group with and without caregivers. A structured educational intervention and cardiac rehabilitation was initiated for the experimental group with and without caregivers. The outcome was measured using the World Health Organization Quality Of Life-BREF (WHOQOL-BREF) instrument.Results: Data was measured with repeated measures ANOVA between baseline, discharge and follow-up between the intervention and control group with p<0.05 There was a statistically significant difference in QOL in both the groups with and without caregivers in the following domains: psychological health (F=3.784, p=0.002); social relationship (F=4.267, p=0.000) and environment (F=3.578, p=0.004). There was not a statistically significant difference between both the groups in the physical health domain (F=1.316, p=0.266).Conclusion: The results indicated that a structured cardiac educational intervention and cardiac rehabilitation with the involvement of the caregivers have significant effects on the quality of life of cardiac patients. The findings provide useful evidence to improve health outcomes of acute coronary syndrome patients involving the caregivers.
Advancements in Protein based Nano Particulate system for treatment of Pulmonary Infections- A Review
Authors: Praveen Tahilani  , D P Chatterjee
Published: December 2021

In addition to the so-called small molecule drugs, proteins and peptides are of increasing interest forpharmacotherapy, due to several advantageous properties. In general, those compounds are administered parenterally. However, non-invasive routes of administration represent a great part of research. Amongst others is the pulmonary application of proteins and peptides for local delivery in the case of pulmonary diseases, such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, where the alveolar epithelium is affected. To ensure an intracellular delivery, nano particles in a size range of 150 nm will be prepared via charge-mediated coacervation, characterized for their physicochemical properties and loaded with several model-proteins. The material used for nano particle preparation was chosen to be positively and negatively charged starch derivatives, which were synthesized from potato starch. Although nano particles in that size range are known to show an increased cell uptake, they do not show a high deposition in the deep lung. Thus, an advanced carrier system consisting of a fast dissolving micro particle matrix with embedded starch nano particles will be developed and characterized. Due to its aerodynamic properties, that carrier system must be able to deposit a high fraction of the applied dose in the deep lung (~50%), while at the same time demonstrating (in in vitro models) the ability to facilitate uptake of starch nano particles into cells of the alveolar epithelium after fast dissolution of the micro particle matrix.
Mucocele: A case report with brief review
Authors: Kalpna Thakur  , Lucky Jindal  , Nitish Bhat
Published: December 2021

Mucocele is a clinical term that basically includes two phenomenon i.e. mucus extravasation and mucus retention. Cysts arising in connection with minor salivary glands are common and about 90 per cent of cases are of the mucous extravasation type. These lesions are typically painless, dome-shaped, and fluctuant; they appear blue in colour secondary to the presence of mucin under the mucosa. The vesicular appearance created by the superficial nature of the mucin spillage, causes a separation of the epithelium from the connective tissue. The pathologist must be aware of this lesion and should not mistake it microscopically for a vesiculo-bullous lesion, especially mucous membrane pemphigoid. Here, we present a case report on mucocele with a brief review.
Expression analysis of three immune genes IL-8, IL-6 and IL-1β in the Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus)
Authors: Pan Qiuli , Zhang Feng , Liu Yang , Zang Lin , Wang Xiuli , Qiu Xuemei
Published: December 2021

Interleukin-8 (IL-8), Interleukin-6 (IL-6), and Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) are major immune-related genes that play important roles in the innate immune system of vertebrates. In this study, the expression levels of the three immune-related genes in eleven tissues of normal adult Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) were examined using semi-quantitative RT-PCR at 13time points after challenge with Lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The results showed that the highest expression levels of the Japanese flounder IL-8 were detected at 12h in the spleen, 12h in the head kidney, and 24h in the liver after the challenge with LPS. Interestingly, the expression levels of IL-6 in the spleen and head kidney were highest at 48h. The liver had the highest expression level of IL-6 at 36h.The highest expression levels of IL-1β were detected at 3h in the spleen and 9h in the head kidney and liver. These results indicated that IL-8, IL-6, and IL-1β also played important roles in the immune response of the Japanese flounder at lower temperatures. The study provided a basis for further research on the immune mechanisms of IL-8, IL-6, IL-1β, and the production of recombinant IL-8, IL-6, or IL-1β used in Japanese flounder cultivation.
Aplikasi Mobile Money Management Dengan Fitur Optical Character Recognition Menggunakan Framework React Native
Authors: Lin Susana , Hoendarto Genrawan
Published: December 2021

Financial management is one of the important things in the process of achieving the financial goals of a person or an organization. Everyone has their own way to manages finances, this is dependent on the character and they goals. Financial management can be done conventionally, for example by manual method which is commonly done by write the expenses, income, and savings in a notebook. However, if the note must contain details of the transactions carried out, it can be considered less efficient. The use of Optical Character Recognition will be able to answer this problem, by taking a picture of the transaction, all transaction details will be recorded on the smartphone, and the user can validate the results obtained and save the record on the smartphone user. Users can also immediately see the total transactions made according to the selected time range without having to calculate each transaction made manually. The application will be designed using the react native framework which allows it to run on various platforms.
Perancangan dan Implementasi Elearning Pada Matakuliah Logika Fuzzy
Authors: Gunawan Gunawan  , Richki Hardi
Published: December 2021

Tujuan e-learning pada mata kuliah logika fuzzy adalah untuk membantu mahasiswa belajar dengan membuat struktur menu dan teknik operasi sederhana, serta prototipe untuk e-learning pada mata kuliah logika fuzzy. Kesulitan siswa dalam mempraktekkan apa yang telah mereka pelajari bermula dari kenyataan bahwa pengenalan e-learning dapat memudahkan siswa untuk mengakses materi yang tidak mereka pahami. Pendekatan penelitian dalam penelitian adalah prototype pembelajaran analitik. Pada mata kuliah logika fuzzy, hasil produk e-learning berbasis aplikasi online dapat dijadikan sebagai bahan pembelajaran. Struktur pembelajaran e-menu terdiri dari halaman home dengan pengenalan e-learning, halaman situs peserta, kalender, dan catatan, dan halaman catatan. Aspek terpenting dari e-learning adalah halaman yang dapat digunakan untuk memperluas jaringan dan kursus. Materi, diskusi, forum, kuis, dan kegiatan lainnya merupakan bagian dari e-learning. Hasil validasi ahli media pada aplikasi e-learning tersebut cukup baik, menunjukkan layak untuk digunakan. Materi yang digunakan sangat baik, menurut hasil validasi ahli materi, menyiratkan sangat ideal untuk digunakan pada mata kuliah logika fuzzy. Hasil tes terbatas untuk mahasiswa yang terdaftar di program studi Informatika berada pada kategori sangat baik, menunjukkan bahwa alat e-learning tersebut mudah digunakan.
Level of Awareness on Disaster Risk Reduction of the University of Eastern Philippines Employees and Students
Authors: Ongray – Perez Blenah
Published: December 2021

The researchers looked at how well academics, students, and non-teaching staff at the University of Eastern Philippines System were aware of disaster risk reduction. Education, agriculture, health, fisheries, and marine resources were all used to measure awareness. The research also revealed a link between awareness and a number of personal characteristics, as well as a substantial variation in awareness amongst student groups. The study used a 30-item Likert type instrument to assess disaster risk reduction awareness and used a descriptive-correlational research approach. Percentages, means, multiple regression analysis, and analysis of variance were used to examine the data. The study's findings revealed that faculty members were well-versed in disaster risk reduction in education, agriculture, and health, as well as disaster risk reduction in fisheries and marine resources, infrastructure, and the environment and natural resources. The students were well-informed on disaster risk reduction in the areas of education, agriculture, and health, as well as disaster risk reduction in the areas of fisheries and marine resources, infrastructure, and the environment and natural resources. The six components of the degree of awareness were known to the non-teaching employees. Exposure to newspapers and television was shown to be substantially associated to the level of disaster risk reduction knowledge among faculty and non-teaching personnel. Students' newspaper exposure and year levels were shown to be substantially connected to their degree of disaster risk reduction knowledge. There is a considerable variation in disaster risk reduction awareness across the three categories of respondents.
İstasyonsuz Bisiklet Paylaşım Sistemlerinin Yükselişi ve Düşüşü Üzerine
Authors: MADAK Nazan , BARDAKCI Ahmet
Published: December 2021

Tüketicilerin mal ve hizmetlere geçici olarak erişimine internet tabanlı platformlarla imkân sağlayan paylaşım ekonomisi uygulamaları oldukça yaygınlaşmıştır. 2010’lu yıllarda Çin’de icat edilen, herhangi bir istasyona bağlı kalmaksızın kullanılabilir bisiklet paylaşım sistemleri çok kısa bir süre içerisinde uluslararası pazarlara yayılmıştır. Bu harika icat Çin'in dört büyük yeni icadından biri olarak nitelendirilmiştir. Telefona indirilen bir uygulama sayesinde bisikletlerin kilidi açılıyor, yolculuğun bittiği yerde de yine uygulama üzerinden kilitlenip bırakılıyordu. Uygun park yeri arama çabası ve çalınma endişesi elimine edilmişti. Sistem istasyon gerektirmediği için hem yerel idarelerden izin alınması hem de istasyonlar için önemli yatırımlar yapılması gerekmiyordu. İstasyonsuz bisikletler toplu taşıma noktasından sonraki mesafelerde ulaşım sorununa pratik bir çözüm getirdikleri için, aslında çoğu metropolün en büyük ulaşım sorununu çözüme kavuşturmuşlardı.Ancak bu harika fikrin uygulaması sıkıntısız değildi. Üzerinde düşünülmesi gereken ciddi problemler vardı. Bisikletler özensiz park ediliyordu. Vandallara karşı bir koruma sağlanmamıştı, tahrip edilen bisikletlerin toplanması ve tamir edilmesi gerekiyordu. Pazara girişin kolaylığı, aşırı sayıda bisiklete neden olmuştu, firma hakkında duyulan en küçük olumsuzluk kullanıcıların bir anda üyelik iptali ve depozitoları geri istenmesine yol açıyordu. Marka sadakati oluşturabilecek bir farklılık ortaya konulamamıştı ve ikame ürün fazlaydı. Olumsuz yönler ağır bastı bisikletleri çalışır halde tutabilmek, vandallıkla mücadele edebilme, kullanıcıların duyarlı park etmemesi gibi nedenlerle birkaç yıl içinde dünyanın en büyüğü haline gelen Ofo ve Mobike pazardan çekilmek zorunda kalmıştır.Haberlerden hareketle istasyonsuz bisiklet paylaşımının serencamını ele alan bu çalışmanın amacı, paylaşım ekonomisi kapsamında ortaya çıkabilecek girişimler için bir vaka çalışması ortaya koymaktır.
Some Important Chemical and Aroma Characteristics of Some New Pepper Cultivars (Capsicum annuum L cv A30706 F1, Capsicum annuum L cv Kılçık F1, Capsicum annuum L cv Bitter F1)
Authors: SARIYER Tolga , GÜNDOĞDU Mehmet Ali , AKÇAL Arda , ŞEKER Murat
Published: December 2021

Obtaining agricultural products with better quality is closely related to the development of new cultivars. New cultivars are increasing gradually internationally as a result of the breeding programs. Capsicum annuum L. ‘A30706 F1’, Capsicum annuum L. ‘Kılçık F1’, Capsicum annuum L. ‘Bitter F1’ pepper cultivars are newly developed registered pepper cultivars in Turkey. A30706 F1 is a bitter and black coloured long pepper also called purple coloured, Kılçık F1 is a sweet long thin pepper and Bitter F1 is a hot long thin pepper. Among the cultivars while the highest amount of ascorbic acid (216.35 mg/100g) was determined in A30706 F1, the highest amount of phenolic compounds (63.69 mg GAE/100g) was determined in the Bitter F1 cultivar. Hexanal was found as major aroma component in A30706 F1 and Kılçık F1 pepper cultivars, which creates a sensory perception as fresh, cut grass. Hexanal and E-2-tetradecenal were found as major aroma components in Bitter F1 cultivar. E-2-tetradecenal creates a sensory perception as fatty, waxy, cheesy.
Classificação de ofertas de apartamentos utilizando mineração de dados
Authors: De Freitas Vieira Couto Yasmin , Figueiredo de Medeiros Lucas
Published: December 2021

O fenômeno da verticalização em cidades brasileiras tem se intensificado nas últimas décadas, refletindo forças de mercado e expectativas sobre o morar que se manifestam através da crescente construção e oferta de novos edifícios e apartamentos; ou na adaptação dos existentes. Este artigo investiga o fenômeno da verticalização no bairro de Manaíra, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brasil, utilizando técnicas de mineração e visualização de dados para classificar ofertas de apartamentos à venda utilizando o método de agrupamento K-means. A pesquisa procurou investigar, num primeiro momento, em que grau a oferta de apartamentos reflete as características particulares da verticalização em Manaíra, fortemente condicionada pela legislação e pela localização relativa dos edifícios dentro do bairro. Depois, procurou entender algumas características dos edifícios no bairro e a presença de estratégias de 'fortificação', i.e. muros, equipamentos de segurança, etc. Os resultados contribuem para demonstrar o potencial da mineração de dados em pesquisas na arquitetura e urbanismo, produzindo visualizações que lançam luz sobre o fenômeno da verticalização em Manaíra a partir de um conjunto limitado de dados, explicando a influência de condicionantes locais e, em paralelo, a adoção de estratégias de 'fortificação' de maneira generalizada.
PERILAKU KEPEMIMPINAN KEPALA SEKOLAH DI SMA NEGERI 1 LEMITO
Authors: H Bay Irwilda , W. Dj. Pomalato Sarson
Published: December 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan bagaimana perilaku kepemimpinan kepala sekolah dalam mengarahkan dan mengkoordinasikan untuk mewujudkan visi dan misi di SMA Negeri 1 Lemito. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kepemimpinan kepala sekolah SMA Negeri 1 Lemito telah menerapkan beberapa perilaku kepemimpinan yang efektif dan efisien tepadu dan terintegrasi dalam tugas warga sekolah terutama dalam kebijakan perilaku kepala sekolah. Perilaku yang dikembangkan adalah suportif, leadership, direktif leadership, dan partisipatif. Pengelolaan perilaku kepempimpian di sekolah akan membentuk lingkungan sekolah lebih berkualitas dan profesional sebagaimana visi SMA Negeri 1 Lemito, terutama untuk menjaga keharmonisan warga sekolah. Perilaku kepemimpinan ternyata masih dipengaruhi oleh proses pendelegasian tugas, transparansi, dan akuntabilitas yang kurang dan budaya kerja baru yang sulit diterima oleh warga sekolah. Kebijakan yang telah dijabarkan oleh kepala sekolah melalui visi misi dapat menggambarkan kebarhasilan seorang pemimpin dalam menekan konflik internal sekolah di samping penentuan proses perilaku kepemimpinan dipengaruhi oleh kompetensi-kompetensi, kepribadian seorang pemimpin. Dengan demikian, kompetensi dan kepribadian yang dimiliki seorang pemimpin dapat mempengaruhi kinerja kepemimpinan. Dalam perilaku pemimpin yang mendelegasikan tugasnya masih dipengaruhi oleh keraguan pada tingkat kepercayaan warga sekolah, kemampuan dan skill, serta masih masih rendahnya prestasi kerja warga sekolah. Untuk itu, kepala sekolah melalukan perubahan dalam perilaku terutama dari segi supportive leadership dan achievement-oriented leadership, sehingga dapat menekan konflik internal di sekolah, kepala sekolah meningkatkan tanggung jawab warga sekolah pada tugas yang telah diberikan.
Review of guideline for the management of ANCA-associated vasculitis, presented in 2021 by the American College of Rheumatology/Vasculitis Foundation
Authors: Beketova T. V. , Popov I. Yu. , Babak V. V.
Published: December 2021

The anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitides (AAVs) are a group of severe life-threatening autoimmune diseases, and one of the most important problems in practical rheumatology. This article discusses 2021 American College of Rheumatology/Vasculitis Foundation guideline for the management of AAVs, including granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA), microscopic polyangiitis (MPA), and eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA). The guideline features 26 recommendations and 5 upgraded position statements for GPA/ MPA, as well as 15 recommendations and 5 upgraded position statements for EGPA, which became the basis for the proposed algorithms for the treatment of patients with GPA/MPA and EGPA. Particular attention has been paid to the use of biologics.
Středověká kožedělná produkce z Litovle
Authors: Hoch Aleš , Šlézar Pavel
Published: December 2021

Between 1997 and 2017, an extensive collection of approximately 3,500 leather fragments from the second half of the 13th to the 15th century was obtained from archaeological rescue excavations carried out in the historic core of Litovel. Most of the finds come from public areas of the town. Only a few dozen artefacts have been determined in terms of their original function. All the remaining finds can be classified as primary to secondary waste, among which manufacturing waste was often present, indicating the nearby presence of a craft workshop. In the case of Litovel, this has been demonstrated at two sites, and hypothetically at three others. These are specifically shoemaker or cobbler workshops. The leather artefact assemblage from Litovel contains typical representatives of material culture from the High and Late Middle Ages, most often in the form of shoes (high and low cuts, children’s sizes), clothing accessories (belts), equipment (scabbards) and items rarely found elsewhere including unique objects such as a case for wax writing tablets and a face mask.
Ḳuşeyrî’nin Leṭâifu’l-İşârât’ında Ahkâm Âyetlerinin İşârî Yorumu
Authors: ŞAHİN İskender
Published: December 2021

Fıkıh ve tasavvuf, bir insanın günlük yaşamı ile doğrudan alakalı olan iki disiplindir. Bundan dolayı İslam âlimleri, hemen her devirde bu iki alan arasında dinamik bir ilişkinin varlığını fark etmişler ve bu durumu daima göz önünde bulundurmuşlardır. Diğer taraftan söz konusu alanların temel kaynağının Kur’ân ve sünnet olması gerçeği de bu ilişkinin göz ardı edilememesinin nedenlerden biri olarak görülebilir. Bu minvalde çıkış noktaları itibariyle fıkhı ve tasavvufu bir araya getiren Kur’ân olduğu için, mutlaka ona yönelmek gerekir. Bu durumda, mevcut ahkâm âyetlerinin mutasavvıflarca nasıl anlaşıldığı ve yorumlandığı hususu karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Meseleye teferruatlı bir şekilde vakıf olabilmek ve sağlıklı sonuçlara ulaşabilmek için onun, ancak bir işârî tefsir özelinde daha açık bir şekilde ele alınması gerekir. Bu sebeple makalede örnek bir İşârî tefsir olarak Ḳuşeyrî’nin Leṭâifü’l-işârât'ında müellifin ilgili âyetlere hangi İşârî anlamları verdiği ve bu sayede fıkıh tasavvuf ilişkisini nasıl kurduğu somut veriler ışığında tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır.
Şems-i Sivâsî’nin İrşâdü’l-Avâm Adlı Mesnevîsi Bağlamında Müteşeyyih Kimselere Dâir Görüşleri ve Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: GÖZTEPE Yüksel , ÇINAR Fatih
Published: December 2021

Şems-i Sivâsî, Halvetiyye tarikatının ana şubelerinden biri olan Sivâsiyye kolunun müessisidir. On altıncı yüzyılın ilmî, siyâsî, kültürel ve dinî sahalarında derin izler bırakan Sivâsî, memleketi Zile’den Sivas’a hicret ettikten sonra ilk olarak İrşâdü’l-avâm adlı bir eser kaleme almış ve bu çalışmada nefsin ıslahı, mürşid-i kâmilin gerekliliği, mürşidlerin özellikleri ve nefsi ıslah konusundaki fonksiyonları gibi başlıklarla döneminde gözlemlediği ve zaman zaman istismar edildiğini düşündüğü mânevî yolculuğun kılavuzlarını konu edinmiştir. Eserin isminden de anlaşılacağı üzere Sivâsî, mânevî seyrin inceliklerini bilmedikleri için şekle aldanıp süslü sözlere kanan ve layık olmadıkları halde şeyhlik makamını işgal edenleri kendilerine rehber edinenleri uyarmayı hedef olarak belirlemiştir. Sivâsî bu hedefine uygun olarak eserde sahte şeyhlerin itikâdî, amelî ve ahlâkî konulardaki sapmalarını âyetler, hadisler, naklettiği kıssalar ve kullandığı çeşitli metaforlarla gözler önüne sermiştir. O, tasavvufî sistemin istismar edilmesi noktasında şeyhlik/mürşid-i kâmillik konumunun son derece önemli olduğunu belirtmiş ve ilk dönemlerden itibaren bu konumun istismarına yönelik yapılan eleştiri ve uyarılara katkı sağlamıştır. Bu anlamda Hasan-ı Basrî, İmâm-ı Gazzâlî, Ahmed-i Yesevî, Mevlânâ, Necmeddîn-i Dâye ve Kâşânî’nin de ifade ettiği gibi, müteşeyyihlere dair uyarılarda bulunan bir geleneğin on altıncı asırdaki temsilcilerinden biri olmuştur. Günümüzde de çeşitli vesilelerle tartışma konusu haline gelen bu hususta Sivâsî’nin bir şeyh olarak yaptığı tespitler, uyarılar ve çözüm önerileri önem arz etmektedir. Bu makalede Sivâsî’nin müteşeyyih kimseler hakkındaki düşünceleri zikredilmekle birlikte kendinden önce bu konuda görüş bildiren isimlerle benzer ve farklı yönlerine de işaret edilmiştir. Çalışmada Sivâsî’nin sahte şeyhlere dair değerlendirmeleriyle tasavvufta bir iç tenkit geleneği olarak kabul edilebilecek bu usulün kendinden önceki ve sonraki isimler arasındaki konumuna da vurgu yapılmıştır.
İslam ve Demokrasi: Raşid Gannuşi Örneği
Authors: DÜZCE Mesut
Published: December 2021

İslam ve demokrasi arasında bir çatışma ya da uyum olduğuna ilişkin tartışmaların oldukça uzun bir geçmişi bulunmaktadır. Konu gerek İslam dünyasından gerekse İslam dışı dünyadan çok sayıda düşünürün ve araştır-macının ilgisini çekmekte ve araştırmalarına yön vermektedir. Tunus’ta bir siyasi ve dinî hareket olan Nahda’nın kurucusu ve lideri Raşid Gannuşi de İslam ve demokrasi tartışmalarına aktivist ve entelektüel olarak yoğun bir katkı sunmuş ve halen sunmaya devam etmektedir. Onun gerek teorik gerekse pratik alanda gösterdiği çabalar İslam ve demokrasinin birlikte var olabileceğini, dahası İslamî bir demokrasinin mümkün olduğunu kanıtlamaya dönük olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Gannuşi İslamî demokrasi kavramına olan bağlılığıyla tanınmaktadır. Bu çalışma, Gannuşi’nin konuyla ilgili yaklaşımını anlamaya çalışmak ve onun İslam ve demokrasinin birbiriyle uyumlu olduğuna ilişkin argümanlarını analiz etmek amacındadır. Çalışma aynı zamanda, İslam ve demokrasinin çatışmadığı yönündeki tezi hangi gerekçeler ve nasıl bir motivasyonla desteklediğini anlama teşebbüsü içindedir. Konu farklı yönlerden ele alındıktan sonra yazar sonuç bölümünde kendi değerlendirmesini sunmaktadır.
Subhî Fahmâvî’nin Romanlarında Mitolojik ve Tarihi Şahsiyetler
Authors: DEDE Mazhar
Published: December 2021

Filistin asıllı Subhî Fahmâvî, romanlarında farklı konuları özgün bir üslûpla ele almaktadır. Ana konu içerisinde ilgili birçok meseleyi iç içe halkalar şeklinde bir anlatım yumağı oluşturarak ele alan Fahmâvî, okuyucuyu adeta diyardan diyara bir gezintiye çıkarmaktadır. Bu anlatım üslûbunun en önemli öğelerinden biri mitolojik ve tarihi şahsiyetlerdir. Genel olarak Ortadoğu özel olarak Ken‘ânî mitosundaki efsanevi şahsiyetler değişik vesilelerle romanlarda sık sık anılmaktadır. Yazara ait Kıssatu ‘işki Ken‘âniyye adlı roman, mitolojinin yoğun işlendiği bir romandır. İl, Ba‘l, İştar (Aştoret), Mot gibi mitoslar olay örgüsünün önemli bir kısmını oluşturmaktadırlar. Bununla birlikte Fahmâvî, roman anlatısında tarihte olumlu veya olumsuz bir şekilde nam salmış birçok şahsiyetten de bahsetmektedir. İster mitolojik olsun ister tarihi ve gerçek şahsiyet olsun, seçilen isimler rastgele seçilmemişlerdir. Bu şahısların her biri romanda anlatılan konunun daha iyi anlaşılması için anlatımın önemli bir yönünü oluştururken okuyucu da söz konusu şahıs hakkında bilgi sahibi olmaktadır. Bu makalede çağdaş Ürdün roman yazarlarından Subhî Fahmâvî’ye ait romanlarda ismi geçen mitolojik ve tarihî şahsiyetler tespit edilmeye çalışılacaktır. Tespit edilen bu şahsiyetlerin, hangi yönleri ile meşhur oldukları ortaya konulduktan sonra roman kurgusu içerisinde öne çıkarıldıkları tarafları incelenecektir. Ayrıca bağlam açısından bu şahısların tercih edilme sebepleri de irdelenecektir.
Subsurface Investigation of Basement Structures Using Electrical Resistivity Methods at Zainawa Village Kano, Nigeria
Authors: Lawal Ahmed , Abubakar Adamu
Published: December 2021

Electrical Resistivity Methods involving Schlumberger Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) and Wenner Electrical Profiling (EP) were carried out to map the Geological features of the earth subsurface in Zainawa Area of Kano State, Nigeria. Five profiles were established; consist of six (6) VES points at each profile. GEOPULSE resistivity meter (SAS 300) was used for the data acquisition. The field data obtained have been analyzed using computer software (IPI2win) which gives an automatic interpretation of the apparent resistivity. A maximum of three geoelectric subsurface layers were delineated from the VES master curves. The geoelectric section beneath the study area was composed of top soil (clayey-sandy and sandy-lateritic), weathered layer, partly weathered (fractured basement) and fresh basement. The resistivity value for the topsoil layer varies from 20 Ωm to 600 Ωm with thickness ranging from 0.5 to 7.2 m. The weathered basement has resistivity values ranging from 15 Ωm to 593 Ωm and thickness
of between 2.75 to 33.04 m. The fractured basement has resistivity values ranging from 201 Ωm to 835 Ωm and thickness of between 11 to 20.4 m. The fresh basement (bedrock) has resistivity values ranging from 1161 Ωm to 3115 Ωm with infinite depth. The depth to basement map was produced to give a good picture of the basement topography within the study area. The depth to basement ranges from 11 m around VES 01 to 85 m around VES 25 m. The map also reveals linear structures (VES 05, 21, 22 and VES 23) which trends in the NE-SW direction. These structures suggest a basement depression at these points. However, the depth from the topsoil to the bedrock surface varies between 2.5 to 37.75 m.
Geophysical Investigation of a Fault Zone from Aeromagnetic Data over the Ageva Area of Okene Kogi State, Nigeria
Authors: Lawal Ahmed , Abubakar Adamu , Victor Avazi
Published: December 2021

High-resolution aeromagnetic data over a part of Ageva fault zone in Nigeria have been
analyzed with a view to estimate sedimentary thicknesses within the studied area. The data set of this study area, was subjected to various corrections and interpretation techniques. Regional residual correction was done and the noise level of the data was reduced via upward continuation to a height of 250 m thereby enhancing the reliability of the results obtained. Qualitative interpretation techniques which include: Second Vertical Derivative, Analytic Signal, Tilt derivative were used to delineate the trending pattern of the anomalies in the study area which are in the E-W, NE-SW, NW-SE, and N-S directions. The result suggests that fault zone within Ageva and Owo may be mineralized and also that the faults within Ageva and Ibilo extend by a quarter of their exposed length. The Werner solutions revealed that inferred faults within Owo and Ibilo may have relatively low susceptibilities as compared with others in the study area and the range of the depth extent of linear features is 401.5 m – 982.5 m.
Power Density Measurement within Kaduna North Area of Kaduna State, Nigeria
Authors: Ayodeji Bello , Kure Nicodemus Kure , Daniel Isaac Hyuk , Adoyi Emmanuel , Obiechile Esther , Yunusa Fidelis
Published: December 2021

The measurement of possible presence of radiofrequency (RF) radiations from telecommunication base stations was carried out within Kaduna North Area of Kaduna State, to estimate the maximum level of power density from RF radiations to which
the member of the populace within specific radius from the base transceiver station (BTS) are exposed to in relation to the existing guidelines to human exposure. Power density S (µWm-2) measurements were made at interval of 20 m to check the
exposure level at public locations from 10 RF antenna sites starting from the foot of each BS to distance (radius) of 100 m using Aaronia Spectran HF-4060 Analyser and the electric field strength E (Vm-1) were calculated. The highest and lowest value obtained from measured mean power densities were 108.27 µWm-2 and 94.74 µWm-2 from a distance of 100 m and 40 m respectively. Also, the highest and lowest average electric field strength were 202.03 (Vm-1) and 188.99 (Vm-1) at 100 m and 40 m respectively. The result obtained, indicates that the measured values were far less than the permissible exposure limits for both workers and the general public as set by the International Commission on Non-ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP). These results shows that the exposure levels in these areas are low and as such will not pose significant health
risks to the people living in the study area.
Non-Hodgkin Lenfoma Olgusunda Bilateral İzole Eş Zamanlı Superior Oftalmik Ven Trombozu
Authors: GÜNEY Bünyamin , ÖZDEMİR Murat Yunus , YENİÇERİ İbrahim
Published: December 2021

Superior oftalmik ven trombozu (SOVT) nadir görülen bir patoloji olup etyolojisinde hiperkoagülasyon durumları, enfeksiyöz hastalıklar (enfeksiyöz sinüzit, orbital selülit), enflamatuar hastalıklar (sistemik lupus eritematozus, Behçet sendromu, sarkoidoz vb), neoplazmlar (lösemi, lenfoma, menenjiom), travma ve karotis-kavernöz fistül gibi durumlar rol oynar. Bilateral eş zamanlı gelişen SOVT ise çok nadir görülen ve erken tanı konulup tedavi edilmesi gereken bir durumdur. Tanı ve etyolojik nedenin belirlenmesinde manyetik rezonans görüntüleme (MRG) ve manyetik rezonans anjiyografi (MRA) önemli radyolojik modalitelerdir. Biz bu makalede remisyonda Non Hodgkin Lenfoma (NHL) olgusunda her iki orbitada eş zamanlı gelişmiş subakut evre SOVT' nin MRG bulgularını sunuyoruz.
Tedaviyi Ret Kararı Sonrası Ölüm Olgusundan Yola Çıkarak Etik ve Hukuki Sorunların Tartışılması
Authors: ERSOY Burcu , ÖZCAN Müesser , BALCI Yasemin , ÜNÜVAR Ümit
Published: December 2021

Bu makalede yaşlı özerkliği, vekil onam, vekil onamın sınırları, tam ve geçerli aydınlatılmış onam elde etme/edememe, aydınlatılmış ret ve hasta/hasta yakını arasında güvene dayalı ilişkiyi zedeleyen durumlar gibi çok sayıda etik konuyu barındıran bir olgunun etik analizine yer verilecektir. Olguda trafik kazasına bağlı travmatik subaraknoid kanama gelişen 84 yaşında kadın hastaya operasyon önerilmekte başlangıçta bilinci açık olan hastadan onam alınamadan hastanın bilinci kapanmakta ve hastanın yasal temsilcisi tarafından hastaya tedavi seçeneği olarak önerilen cerrahi girişim ret edilmektedir. Hasta vekilinin tedaviyi ret kararının ardından 62 saat sonra hasta hayatını kaybeder ve tedaviyi ret eden yakınları bu gelişmeden sonra ölüme sebep oldukları gerekçesiyle tedavi ekibinde yer alan hekimler hakkında savcılığa şikâyette bulunur. Adli tıptan otopsi talep edilen olgunun, barındırdığı çok sayıdaki etik konuların tartışılmasının bu tür durumlarla karşı karşıya kalan klinisyenlere örnek oluşturması amacıyla klinik etik açısından değerlendirmenin literatüre katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmüştür. Özellikle ülkemizde yaşlı hastalara uygulanan cerrahi işlemlerin sayısı giderek artış göstermekte ve yaşlı hasta gurubunda aydınlatılmış onam sürecinde birçok zorluk yaşanmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, yaşlı nüfusun artması ile giderek daha büyük bir sorun haline gelen aydınlatılmış onam sürecindeki zorluklara da dikkat çekmeyi amaçladık.
The Analysis of Electroencephalography Requests in Clinical Neurophysiology Department
Authors: ÇAMAN Mahmut Bilal , BEK Vedat Semai , ÜNAL Yasemin , KUTLU Gülnihal
Published: December 2021

Transient loss of consciousness (LOC) has an important place in emergency applications. Therefore, it is very important to define the etiology of LOC. In this study, we retrospectively analyzed our outpatient electroencephalography (EEG) records to evaluate whether the clinician ordering the test had a fulfilling result. EEG recordings between 01.07.2017 to 01.07.2018 in our outpatient clinic were reviewed. 1015 of EEGs were ordered by general neurologists (70.05%), 355 by epilepsy specialists (24.5%) and 79 by other departments (5.5%). The Department of Psychiatry was leading among other departments by one third. 281 out of 1449 EEGs were abnormal (19.4%). Only three patients had a seizure during EEG recording. Preliminary diagnosis for EEG record request were epilepsy in 829 patients (57.2%), syncope in 257 patients (17.8%), headache in 12 (0.8%), vertigo in 12 (0.8%), cognitive dysfunction in 71 (4.9%), sleep disorder in 16 (1.1%), intracranial mass lesion in 18 (1.0%), cerebrovascular diseases in 54 (3.7%), altered mental status in 26 (73.3%) and encephalitis in 15 patients (1.0%). Normal EEG recording results were 76.5% in the recordings with preliminary diagnosis of epilepsy. Abnormalities found in patients with preliminary diagnosis of epilepsy patients were sharp/spike in 45.1%, focal/generalied slowing in 41.5% and background slowing in 11.8%. Overall abnormality percentage was similar in EEGs requested by either general neurologists (76.0%) or epilepsy specialists (76.9%) but not by other departments (82.1%). As a result; EEG should not be interpreted as a screening test, patients’ details and clinical features during loss of consciousness episode have a priceless importance and preliminary diagnosis should be re- and reevaluated before EEG recording request.
Çok Düşük Doğum Ağırlıklı Pretermlerde Bronkopulmoner Displazi Sıklığı, Risk Faktörleri ve Kısa Dönem Prognozları
Authors: İLTER BAHADUR Evin , ÖZER Esra
Published: December 2021

Bronkopulmoner displazi (BPD) erken doğumla ilişkili en yaygın morbiditelerden biridir. Bu çalışmada BPD risk faktörleri ve BPD tanılı çok düşük doğum ağırlıklı prematüre bebeklerin kısa dönem prognozlarının değerlendirilmesi amaçlandı. BPD tanısı alan çok düşük doğum ağırlıklı prematüre bebekler çalışma grubu olarak (n=50), BPD tanısı olmayan çok düşük doğum ağırlıklı prematüre bebekler kontrol grubu (n=184) olarak çalışmaya dahil edildi. Gestasyonel yaş, doğum ağırlığı, doğum şekli, prematüre retinopatisi (ROP), patent duktus arteriozus (PDA), sepsis, mekanik ventilasyon süresi, kraniyal ultrasonografi, prenatal öykü hastane kayıtlarından kaydedildi. BPD tanılı prematüre bebeklerin nörogelişimsel durumu Denver-II gelişimsel tarama testi ile değerlendirildi. Çalışmada gebelik yaşına göre düşük doğum ağırlıklı olma (SGA), ROP, PDA ve sepsis tanılarının yüzdeleri, surfaktan tedavi oranı ve doğum ağırlığı açısından çalışma ve kontrol grupları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılıklar saptandı. Çalışma grubu oksijen ihtiyacına göre üç gruba (hafif, orta, şiddetli BPD) sınıflandırıldı. Üç grup arasında gebelik yaşı, doğum kilosu ve mortalite açısından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark saptandı. Şiddetli BPD grubunda gebelik yaşı ve doğum ağırlığının ortalama değerleri en düşük, mortalite oranı da en yüksek bulundu. Çalışma grubunun %21.7'sinde Denver-II gelişimsel tarama testine göre nörogelişimsel gecikme saptandı. Düşük doğum ağırlığı ve düşük gebelik yaşı BPD için risk faktörü ve mortaliteyle ilişkili bulunurken, aynı zamanda BPD tanısının nörogelişimsel gecikme, sepsis, PDA ve ROP tanılarıyla da ilişkili olduğu saptanmıştır.
Trakea Yerleşimli Adenoid Kistik Karsinom: Olgu Sunumu
Authors: KÜTRİ Deniz , ÖZEN Alaattin , ŞAYLISOY Suzan
Published: December 2021

Adenoid Kistik Karsinom, 100000’de 0.1-0.26 görülme insidansı ile oldukça nadir görülen bir hastalıktır. Trakeanın ikinci en sık görülen primer malignitesi olmakla birlikte cerrahi rezeksiyon esas tedavi yöntemidir. Ancak cerrahi olamayacak hastalarda ya da cerrahi sonrası mikroskobik/makroskobik rezidü hastalık varlığında radyoterapi önerilmektedir. Nadir görülen bir tümör olması ve cerrahi sınır pozitifliği nedenleri ile küratif radyoterapi uyguladığımız 38 yaşında kadın olguyu sunmayı amaçladık.