bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sociodemographic and Etiological Factors in Men with Sexual Failure in Wedding Night
Authors: Al-Jiboori Saadoun
Published: June 2022

Background and objective: Honeymoon sexual dysfunctions mean the inability of men to do first sexual intercourse with their virgin wives. Immediate causes include performance anxiety or fear of failure, lack of adequate stimulation, and relationship conflict. To study the sociodemographic and etiological factors concerning men sexual failure in wedding night. Methods: The study was undertaken between the period of December 2004 and December 2007 at Azadi general hospital, which included 60 male patients presented to the psychiatric out-patient clinic with the chief complaint of sexual failure in wedding night and in whom organic causes had been excluded. Results: The commonest age of patients were between 25-29 years (55%) , most of whom were educated below secondary school(57%), unskilled worker(58%) and from rural area (73%). 50% of them were presented more than one month. The commonest fear was fear of failure (67%) and the commonest sexual dysfunction was erectile failure (90%). 72% of patients contributed their problem to witchcraft, evil eye and jinn possession, while 7% of them contributed their problem to psychological causes. 22% of patients had previous history of consultation with non psychiatric physician for their problem, while 67%of them had previous history of contact with healers.73% of patients, their marriage were traditionally arranged and most of couples (75%) had rarely contact during engagement. 88% of patients had spent their wedding night at their primary family home,13% of them had foreplay before intercourse and only 3% had previous past sexual experience. Conclusion: Men sexual dysfunction caused by the interaction of multiple factors, mainly psychological, social, cultural and educational level.
The Effect of Pregnancy on Unstimulated Salivary Calcium and Magnesium Concentration
Authors: Al-Refai Ali
Published: June 2022

Background and objective: Gingivitis is the most prevalent oral problem associated with pregnancy, in addition to several salivary changes. This study was designed to find the effect of pregnancy on salivary chemical factors (calcium and magnesium concentrations) and flow rate, and compare the results with that of non-pregnant women. Methods: The samples consist of (118) females with age ranged from (20– 40) years (84 pregnant and 34 control, non-pregnant women). After collection of un stimulated saliva, the concentration of calcium and magnesium, and salivary flow rate were measured. Results: The means of salivary flow rate, calcium and magnesium concentrations of pregnant and non-pregnant women were statistically non significant. There were non-significant difference between the means of each parameter with the age group of pregnant women and the gestation age. Non-significant difference between the means of each parameter with the trimester of pregnancy. Conclusion: All factors showed non-significant differences between pregnant and non - pregnant women.
Some Mechanical Properties of Dental Stone Specimens after Disinfections by 70% Hospital Sprit
Authors: Kamal Amera
Published: June 2022

Background and objective: The transmission of oral pathogens to impression and subsequently on to gypsum casts had been demonstrated. The aim of the study to investigate the effect of disinfections of type III dental stone casts by spraying and immersion in 70% hospital sprit (ethanol) on the compressive strength and surface roughness at two different time intervals (24 and 48) hours. Methods: Forty eight cylindrical stone specimens (12 for each group), were prepared for compressive strength and surface roughness testing. Six specimens of each group were tested after (24) hours and the other six after (48) hours. Results: The study showed no significant differences in values of compressive strength and surface roughness between the control and sprayed groups at (24 and 48) hours, this could be due to the fact that the sprayed specimens absorbs fewer amounts of disinfectants than the immersed groups. Conclusion: The immersion of the specimens in (70%) ethanol for (10) seconds and (30) minutes decrease the compressive strength and increase the surface roughness.
A Comparative Study of Three Different Techniques of Placing Calcium Hydroxide as Intra-Canal Dressing
Authors: Behnam Ihsan
Published: June 2022

Background and objective: Calcium hydroxide used in modern root canal therapy as intra-canal dressing. It is used due to its antimicrobial effect. In this study trhree different techniques of placing calcium hydroxide as intra-canal dressing are used to determine the most effective method of using calcium hydroxide as intra-canal dressing. Methods: Eighteen mandibular premolars were randomly collected, root prepared and filled with calcium hydroxide paste in one of three techniques (1) using file and absorbent paper point with vertical compaction (2) using special syringe with vertical compaction (3) using lentulo drill with vertical compaction. Radiographs were taken to evaluate paste compactness. Results: The placement of calcium hydroxide with lentulo drill aided by vertical compaction showed the lowest number of empty spaces followed by using special syringe with vertical compaction and the highest number of empty spaces was shown by using file aided by absorbent paper point and vertical compaction. Conclusion: The use of lentulo drill aided by vertical compaction gave the best result of using calcium hydroxide paste as intra-canal dressing.
Temporomandibular Joint Ankylosis (A prospective clinical study)
Authors: Mawlood Alan , Al-Zubaidee Ali , Haider Ahmed
Published: June 2022

Background and objective: To study the correlation between etiology, sex, side and time of TMJA, to evaluate and compare two different surgical techniques and their postoperative complications. Methods: Twenty-one patients (15 female , 6 male) were treated in Rizgary Teaching Hospital in Hawler during the period May 2007-October 2008. The patients were referred from Hawler and Duhok governorates, and operated on by two surgeons each adopted one surgical technique, either gap arthroplasty with temporalis muscle flap (technique A) or horizontal ramus osteoctomy with masseter muscle flap (technique B). Results: We found 95.65% of patients had TMJA before the age of ten years and 96% was due to trauma (57% was bilateral TMJA and 43% unilateral), technique (B) was easier and of shorter duration than technique (A) which was more functional. The most common postoperative complication was neural deficit (33.33%). Anterior open-bite occurred in 36.3% of patients with bilateral ankylosis. Conclusion: The earlier the onset of ankylosis, the more the extent of deformity and the more complicated surgical technique was required. Both techniques were effective with good immediate out come.
Correlation of HER-2 Status with Estrogen, Progesterone Receptors and Histological Grading in 122 Invasive Breast Carcinomas
Authors: Ali Salah
Published: June 2022

Background and objective: Many laboratory & clinical studies have suggested that there are important inverse relationships between expression of HER-2 oncoprotein and hormonal receptors(ER,PR),the prognosis & treatment are also greatly depend on hormonal receptor of neoplastic cells to define these relationships using standard immunohistochemistry for HER-2,ER and PR studies were performed in addition to routine histopahtological grading of carcinoma of the breast. Methods: Between January 2006 and December 2008 at histopathology lab of Rezgary hospital & private lab, (122) women who were operated on for diagnostic excisional biopsies of the breast cancers to allow analysis of routinely resected tissue. Quantitative expression of HER-2,ER and PR was measured on the resected samples of the breast cancers with cutoff points HER-2,ER and PR positivity were 10.6%,5.5%,5% respectively in addition to routine study of histopathology for grading of cancers according to Nottingham modified Bloom & Richardson criteria. Results: Immunohistochemical analysis for ER, PR, and HER-2 were performed. ER and PR expression were decreased significantly in HER-2 positive tumors compared with HER- 2 negative tumors (ER,15.57%,vs 41.8% vs. and PR, 13.11% vs. 37.70%;). Even among HER-2+ tumors, the rate of ER or PR expression in high-grade tumors was significantly decreased compared with intermediate grade tumors. HER-2 was positive in 73.3% of grade 2 and 66.6% of grade 3 ductal carcinomas and 6.89 in grade 1 ductal carcinomas. HER-2 expression essentially in grades 2 and 3 ductal carcinomas, very few cases in grade 1 and correlated inversely with ER or PR expression. Although ER or PR expression is decreased in HER-2+ tumors, a substantial proportion of them still express ER or PR. Conclusion: The results of this study are consistent with the indication of inverse relationships between HER-2 and ER,PR increased ER and PR levels in low grade neoplastic tissue ,the low grade neoplasms responding to hormonal therapy while high grade responding to hormonal therapy while high grage responding to herceptin.
Accuracy of Modified Alvarado Scoring System in Early Diagnosis of Acute Appendicitis
Authors: Kareem Tayeb , Ahmed Nadya , Hussein Star
Published: June 2022

Background and objective: Appendicitis is a common surgical emergency. The patients with equivocal signs can present a diagnostic challenge. Early diagnosis and intervention is mandatory for prevention of complications. On the other hand negative appendicectomy should be avoided as much as possible. The aim is to evaluate the role of the modified Alvarado scoring system in early diagnosis of acute appendicitis. Methods: During a period of 6 months from 1st February to 31st July 2008; 250 patients with right iliac fossa pain were admitted and observed in Emergency Hospital in Erbil. The age of the patients was ranged between 13-70 years (mean 22 years ). The male to female ratio was 3:2. They were prospectively evaluated on admission using modified Alvarado scoring system to determine whether or not they had acute appendicitis. The results were correlated with the operative and histopathological findings. Results: After first scoring; 179 (72%) patients were admitted and 71 (28%) patients were discharged. Rescoring by modified Alvarado scoring system was done after 6 hours from admission, only 162 (91%) patients were operated on , and the rest 17 (9%) patients were discharged. During operation we found that 142 cases (87.5%) had really acute appendicitis. Overall the modified Alvarado scoring system showed sensitivity of (93%) for [8-9] scores and (39%) for [1-7] scores. . Conclusion: The modified Alvarado scoring system is accurate in early diagnosis of acute appendicitis . Patients with 8-9 scores should be operated on immediately without hesitation. Patients with score 5-7 must be admitted and scored frequently. Score 1-4 can be discharged unless otherwise indicated.
Effect of Dialysis on Erythropoietin and some Hematological Parameters in Patients with Chronic Renal Failure
Authors: Hayder Zhian , Aziz Jamal , Jaff Mohamad Salih
Published: June 2022

Background and objective: A prospective study was carried out for estimation the concentration of the erythropoietin hormone and its effects on some hematological parameters in chronic renal failure patients despite medical treatment. The object of the study was to evaluate the available evidences which support the relationship between anemia and adverse outcomes in chronic renal failure patients, to estimate the erythropoietin concentration of plasma in chronic renal failure patients and to examine the relationship between the anemia and erythropoietin concentration in patients with chronic kidney disease. Methods: One hundred and eleven (111) patients with CRF on dialysis in the Dialysis and Kidney Disease Center in Hawler Teaching Hospital and (40) control groups were studied. Haematological parameters: were performed by conventional manual methods. The quantitative measurement of erythropoietin concentration in serum was done by using the Erythropoietin ELISA kit (IBL Immuno Biological Laboratories Hamburg Erythropoietin Kit, German). Results: Hemoglobin, red blood cells, packed cell volume, and mean corpuscular hemoglobin were significantly decreased (P<0.001) in all age groups of Chronic renal failure patients, while, erythrocyte sedimentation rate and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) were increased significantly (P<0.001). Total white blood cells were decreased significantly (P<0.01) at the ages (40-60, >60) years groups, while not significantly decreased at the ages (<20, 20-40) years. Plasma erythropoietin was decreased significantly at the level (P<0.001) in chronic renal failure patients. Conclusion: Anemia is a common and often an early complication of chronic renal diseases and decreased renal production of erythropoietin is the major cause of anemia in these patients.
Depression among Patients Attending Physiotherapy Clinics in Erbil City
Authors: Ali Sirwan , Zangana Jwan , Tahir Diyar
Published: June 2022

Background and objective: Depression is a condition that worsens the prognosis of patients undergoing physiotherapy treatment; it is underestimated and under-recognized. The objectives of this study were to detect the prevalence, severity and type of depressive disorder among patients attending the physiotherapy clinic, and analysis the factors that influencing the occurrence of depression and its severity. Methods: Cross sectional study was carried out with (200) patients attending physiotherapy clinic in Hawler and Rizgary Teaching Hospitals in Erbil City from 2nd January -2nd march 2009. Data about demographic characteristics of the sample, utilization of health services, and type of physical diseases were obtained by direct questioning the patients. Depression was assessed by means of the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). Results: Point prevalence of depression was estimated to be 56% (27% mild, 20.5% moderate and 8.5% sever) among this population of patients attending an outpatient physical therapy clinic. Female gender, old age and married patients were suffering from sever depressive disorders . Conclusion: The high prevalence of depression in patients attending physiotherapy clinics suggests that consideration should be given to screen the psychological.
Cervical Spondylosis among Group of Computer Users in Erbil City
Authors: Al-Bustany Dashty , Aziz Zekra
Published: June 2022

Background and objective: Neck pain due to poor posture, if neglected for long time, can lead to development of the cervical spondylosis. This study was designed to analyze the relation between symptoms and signs originating from the cervical spine and the duration of computer use. Methods: A comparison of a group of male subjects who work on computer with those who do not work on computer whose ages range between (30 - 50) years was done for liability of cervical spondylosis. Any subject whose BMI is more than 25Kg/m2 was excluded. Likewise any subject with recognized evidence for predisposition to develop spondylosis was excluded.Employee from different establishments in Erbil City (200 Subjects), over a period of six months from January / 2008 were included in the study.Ninety nine subjects who use computer and hundred and one non-computer user. Subjects were subdivided into: First group: Computer user. Second group: Non-computer user. In both groups the duration of occupation ranges between four to sixteen year and hours of working/week range between (22-32 hours). The (99) subjects who work on computer each of them was evaluated for computer work station and asked about his posture during use of computer and asked if he takes a break time when he work for long hours.The difference between comparable subdivisions of the studied subjects was tested by the Chi-square test concerning the frequency of spondylosis in each of them. Results: Cervical spondylosis was statistically significant among those who use computer (P< 0.05). Conclusion: Long term use of computer with bad posture and with out break time increase liability for developing cervical spondylosis in comparison of (same age group, same duration of occupation ,and same hours of working) but not using computer. Proper posture and take a break time when using computer for long time is necessary.
Pain after Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy
Authors: Dabbagh Ali
Published: June 2022

Background and objective: Although laparoscopic cholecystectomy results in less pain than open cholecystectomy, it is not a pain free procedure. A clinical trial was designed to assess pain after LC in terms of types of pain, intensity and factors that may influence it. Methods: A prospective study on pain was performed on all patients undergoing the operation over the period of 1.5 year (n = 150). Pain was measured by a five point verbal rating scale (VRS). Results: Pain was the most frequent symptom, after the operation. The main type of postoperative pain was intra-abdominal 72%, followed by incisional 60% and shoulder pain 10%.The mean level of pain was 2.12 VRS points 8 h after the operation and declined to 1.01 points next day. In 54 patients (36%) the intensity of pain was higher than 2 VRS points. Female sex was the only predictor of pain intensity. Conclusion: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy did cause significant postoperative pain in one-third of our patients only up to the first postoperative day. As predictors for high intensity of pain were not identified clearly, pain should be monitored and multimodal analgesics should be delivered accordingly.
The Assessment of Specificity & Sensitivity of FNAC in Thyroid Lesions in Erbil
Authors: Garota Sirwan
Published: June 2022

Background and objective: Fine needle aspiration cytology is regarded as the gold standard investigation in diagnosis of thyroid swellings. The aim of this study was to determine the accuracy of Fine needle aspiration cytology in detection of thyroid swellings in our surgical unit and to assess the correlation between preoperative cytodiagnosis and postoperative histopathological diagnosis. Methods: Between years 2000-2003, 389 patients underwent thyroid operation by single consultant surgeon for thyroid lesions, 156 patients had preoperative Fine needle aspiration cytology; 6(3.84 %) patients had "unsatisfactory" samples so excluded from the study. the remaining 150 patients were enrolled in this study . Fine needle aspiration results were compared with definitive histological diagnosis following thyroid operation. Results: Fine needle aspiration cytology done for 156 patients,6 patients had been excluded, analysis revealed 132 (84.6%) non-neoplastic, 14(8.97%) neoplastic and 4 (2.56%) suspicious aspirates,. Of the 150 cases included in the study Histological analysis showed 130(86.66%) benign, 14(9.33%) malignant specimens, 2(1.3%) were false-negative. Fine needle aspiration cytology in this study had a sensitivity, specificity and accuracy rate of 90%, 100%, and 75% respectively for diagnosing thyroid malignancy. Conclusion: The results are comparable with the current published data and demonstrate that FNA cytology in our hands is accurate investigation for preoperative diagnosis for the detection of thyroid malignancy.
A retrospective Study of Mandibular Fracture in Children
Authors: Haidar Ahmad
Published: June 2022

Background and objective: A retrospective study was done to report the incidence of mandibular fractures in children up to fifteen years of age seen in Rizgaree teaching hospital /Erbil / Kurdistan region of Iraq. Methods: The patient's records of 62 injured child aged 0-15 years, from 1/1/ 2002 to 31/12/2008 were retrieved and relevant data was recorded and analysed. A data collection sheet was designed to record patient's name, sex, age, site of fracture, the etiology of the injury and the method of treatment and complications. Results: The total number of patients who presented with mandibular fracture in children was 62 (78.5%). The ratio of boys to girls was 43 (69.4%) boys and 19 (30.6%) girls (2.2:1). Most of the trauma reported in age group 12-15years (46.8%). Regarding the site of fracture, condylar fracture (46.7%) was most common followed by symphesis (27.4%), dentoalveolar (14.5%), angle (8.1%) and body (3.3%). The main etiology of fracture was fall from height (54.8%). Most of the patients were treated by closed reduction (88.7%) and fixation. Conclusion: The incidence and etiology of mandibular fracture in children differs among different populations. In our study, the incidence was not very common, fall was most common cause, condylar fracture was most common. Most of the cases can be treated conventionally.
Birth Prevalence of Cleft lip and/or Palate in Hawler City A retrospective Hospital based One year Study
Authors: Noori Muyesser , Shihab Omed
Published: June 2022

Background and objective: The aim of this study was to report the prevalence of cleft lip and/or palate in two hospitals in Hawler city among children born from 1/1/2008 to 31/12/ 2008. Methods: In a retrospective study, birth records of 22387 children from two hospitals (Maternity and Raparin Hospitals) were used to identify all children born with cleft lip and/or palate. Information about prevalence, type of cleft, site, gender, family history, and associated anomalies were investigated. Results: The overall prevalence rate of cleft lip and palate was 0.58 per 1000 births. The prevalence of isolated cleft palate, isolated cleft lip and cleft lip and palate were 0.13, 0.09 and 0.36 per 1000 respectively. Male to female ratio was 1.6:1. Regarding the site of cleft 30.8% was on the right side, 7.7% was on the left side and 61.5% was bilateral. A positive family history was found in 15.4% of the cases and 38.5% of the cases were associated with anomalies. Conclusion: The prevalence rate of cleft lip and palate in Hawler obstetric hospitals during 2008 was lower than that reported in Asians and Europeans, and it was slightly higher than that reported in Africans. Male predominates in all types of clefts. Higher incidence of associated anomalies was observed compared with other studies in different populations.
Formulation of Econazole Nitrate as an Ophthalmic Ointment
Authors: Fatohy Heba
Published: June 2022

Background and objective: Keratomycosis is an important cause of ocular morbidity and can lead to blindness due to lack of ocular antifungal agents. The goal of this study is to formulate a stable effective formula of econazole nitrate ophthalmic ointment.Econazole nitrate has an advantage over other antifungal agents in treatment of mixed infection since it is active against both dermatophytes and candida, and also it is effective in the treatment of filamentous fungi. Methods: Econazole nitrate ophthalmic ointment of different strength were formulated and compared for their in vitro activity.The effect of different factors (light and type of container) and calculating the expiration date of the selected formula were studied. Results: Formula A (1gm Econazole nitrate in 100 gm ophthalmic ointment base) and formula B (2gm Econazole nitrate in 100gm ophthalmic ointment base) had good in vitro antifungal activity because both formula A and B inhibit the growth of the fungi used, but formula A was selected because it has the lowest concentration and the same activity. Also the results indicated that the selected formula A was affected by light and its % remaining was (96.7%), while there was no effect of the type of container used to store Econazole nitrate ophthalmic ointment.The expiration date of formula A was calculated to be (2.19) years. Conclusion: 1% Econazole nitrate ophthalmic ointment appears to be effective in vitro and should be stored in dark container .
Morphological and electrical properties of Ag/p-type indium phosphide MIS structures with malachite green organic dyes
Authors:   Dicle University, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Physics, Diyarbakir, Turkey, Asubay S. , Ava C. A. ,   Dicle University, Science and Technology Application and Research Center, DÜBTAM Laboratories, Diyarbakir, Turkey, Gullu O. ,   Batman University, Faculty of Sciences and Arts, Department of Physics, Batman, Turkey
Published: June 2022

Malachite Green (MG) organic dye thin film was prepared by simple drop casting method. Microstructural property of MG layer was investigated by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). SEM image indicated that MG organic thin layer was formed from nanoclusters. Later, it was fabricated Ag/Malachite Green(MG)/p-InP diodes by drop cast method. The barrier height (BH) and ideality factor by using I-V characteristics for the device were found as 0.75 eV and 1.68. By using the Norde method, the BH and the resistance of neutral region of the device were extracted as 0.80 eV and 1.17x104 Ω. The interfacial states concentration of the device has been seen to decrease from 2.79×1013 eV-1 cm-2 to 5.80×1012 eV-1 cm-2 . By using capacitance-voltage technique, the values of the built-in voltage, BH and semiconductor doping density were found as 1.22 V, 0.83 eV and 1.87x1017 cm-3 for the Ag/MG/p-InP diode, respectively.
Change in brain electrical activity connectivity in migraine patients without aura
Authors: Zhuravlev Maxim O. , Samatova Kamila S. , Parsamyan Ruzanna R.
Published: June 2022

Objective: In this study, we consider how the structure of the brain EEG activity changes in patients with migraine, compared with virtually healthy volunteers without complaints of acute or chronic headache.
Materials and Methods. The study of the connectivity of EEG activity was carried out on the basis of an objective assessment of pairwise synchronization between different recording channels, for which we used a method based on wavelet bicoherence.
Results. Within the framework of the performed experimental study, we demonstrated an increased reactivity in the structure of connections in brain electrical activity of the patients experiencing a weak visual impact.
Conclusion. A prospective study could determine the value of the described diagnostic procedure in support of the clinical decision on appropriate pharmacological and non-pharmacological prophylactic measures.
Decreased steroidogenic enzyme activity in benign adrenocortical tumors is more pronounced in bilateral lesions as determined by steroid profiling in LC-MS/MS during ACTH stimulation test
Authors: Bonnet-Serrano Fidéline , Barat Maxime , Vaczlavik Anna , Jouinot Anne , Bouys Lucas , Laguillier-Morizot Christelle , Zientek Corinne , Simonneau Catherine , Larger Etienne , Guignat Laurence , Groussin Lionel , Assié Guillaume , Guibourdenche Jean , Nicolis Ioannis , Menet Marie-Claude , Bertherat Jérôme
Published: June 2022

Objective

Large response of steroid precursors, including 17-hydroxyprogesterone, to adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) has been described in adrenocortical tumors, suggesting the existence of intra-tumoral enzymatic deficiencies. This study aimed to compare steroidogenesis enzymes activity in unilateral and bilateral benign tumors using serum steroid profiling in liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) in the basal state and after ACTH 1-24 stimulation.

Design and methods

A serum profile of seven consecutive adrenal steroids was determined in LC-MS/MS in the basal state (T0) and after ACTH 1-24 stimulation (T60) in 35 patients with bilateral adrenocortical tumors (BL), 38 patients with unilateral tumors (UL) and 37 control subjects (CT). Response amplitude of each individual steroid was evaluated by T60/T0 ratio, whereas enzymatic activity was assessed by the downstream/upstream steroid ratio. Adrenal volume was quantified by a semi-automatic segmentation method.

Results

For the seven steroids assayed, the amplitude of response to ACTH was higher in BL than in UL and in CT. The difference between BL and UL persisted even after matching patients on adrenal volume. On glucocorticoids pathway, enzymatic activity of CYP11B1 was significantly decreased in BL (78.3 (43.1-199.4)) in comparison to both UL (122.7 (13.8-228.4), P = 0.0002) and CT (186.8 (42.1-1236.3), P < 0.0001). On mineralocorticoids and androgens pathways, the enzymatic activity of CYP11B2 and CYP17A1-17,20 lyase was also lower in BL than UL and CT.

Conclusions

Decreased activity of distal steroidogenesis enzymes CYP11B1, CYP11B2 and CYP17A1-17,20 lyase, responsible for an explosive response to ACTH of upstream precursors in bilateral tumors, limits the synthesis of bioactive steroids, in particular cortisol, despite the increase in adrenal mass.

Significance statement

Activity of distal steroidogenesis enzymes (CYP11B1, CYP11B2 and CYP17A1 on glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids and androgens pathways, respectively) is decreased in adrenocortical benign tumors. This decrease is more pronounced in bilateral lesions and seems to depend more on the nature of the lesion than on the increase in adrenal volume. It is responsible for the explosive response to ACTH of steroid precursors located upstream of these enzymes. It probably allows bioactive steroids, particularly cortisol, to stay in the normal range for a long time despite the increase in adrenal mass.
Bernstein-Nikol'skii-type inequalities for trigonometric polynomials
Authors: Vlasyk H.M. , Sobchuk V.V. , Shkapa V.V. , Zamrii I.V.
Published: June 2022

We obtain order estimates for Bernstein-Nikol’skii-type inequalities for trigonometric polynomials with an arbitrary choice of harmonics. It is established that in the case $ q = \infty $, $ 1 <p \leq2 $ these inequalities for trigonometric polynomials with arbitrary choice of harmonics and for ordinary trigonometric polynomials has different order of estimates.
Some results on $\eta$-Yamabe solitons in 3-dimensional trans-Sasakian manifold
Authors: Roy S. , Dey S. , Bhattacharyya A.
Published: June 2022

The object of the present paper is to study some properties of 3-dimensional trans-Sasakian manifold whose metric is $\eta$-Yamabe soliton. We have studied here some certain curvature conditions of 3-dimensional trans-Sasakian manifold admitting $\eta$-Yamabe soliton. Lastly, we construct a 3-dimensional trans-Sasakian manifold satisfying $\eta$-Yamabe soliton.
Composition of entire and analytic functions in the unit ball
Authors: Bandura A.I. , Skaskiv O.B. , Tymkiv I.R.
Published: June 2022

In this paper, we investigate a composition of entire function of several complex variables and analytic function in the unit ball. We modified early known results with conditions providing equivalence of boundedness of $L$-index in a direction for such a composition and boundedness of $l$-index of initial function of one variable, where the continuous function $L:\mathbb{B}^n\to \mathbb{R}_+$ is constructed by the continuous function $l: \mathbb{C}^m\to \mathbb{R}_+.$ Taking into account new ideas from recent results on composition of entire functions, we remove a condition that a directional derivative of the inner function $\Phi$ in the composition does not equal to zero. Instead of the condition we construct a greater function $L(z)$ for which $F(z)=f(\underbrace{\Phi(z),\ldots,\Phi(z)}_{m\text{ times}})$ has bounded $L$-index in a direction, where $f\colon \mathbb{C}^m\to \mathbb{C}$ is an entire function of bounded $l$-index in the direction $(1,\ldots,1)$, $\Phi\colon \mathbb{B}^n\to \mathbb{C}$ is an analytic function in the unit ball.

We weaken the condition $|\partial_{\mathbf{b}}^k\Phi(z)|\le K|\partial_{\mathbf{b}}\Phi(z)|^k$ for all $z\in\mathbb{B}^n$, where $K\geq 1$ is a constant, $\mathbf{b}\in\mathbb{C}^n\setminus\{0\}$ is a given direction and $${\partial_{\mathbf{b}} F(z)}:=\sum\limits_{j=1}^{n}\!\frac{\partial F(z)}{\partial z_{j}}{b_{j}}, \ \partial_{\mathbf{b}}^k F(z):=\partial_{\mathbf{b}}\big(\partial_{\mathbf{b}}^{k-1} F(z)\big).$$ It is replaced by the condition $|\partial_{\mathbf{b}}^k\Phi(z)|\le K(l(\Phi(z)))^{1/(N_{\mathbf{1}}(f,l)+1)}|\partial_{\mathbf{b}}\Phi(z)|^k$, where $N_{\mathbf{1}}(f,l)$ is the $l$-index of the function $f$ in the direction $\mathbf{1}=(1,\ldots,1).$ The described result is an improvement of previous one. It is also a new result for the one-dimensional case $n=1,$ $m=1$, i.e. for an analytic function $\Phi$ in the unit disc and for an entire function $f: \mathbb{C}\to\mathbb{C}$ of bounded $l$-index.
Application of visibility new algorithms on fog event
Authors: Wei Wang , Yue Zhao , Zhi-jie Liu , Ping Qu
Published: June 2022

To improve the visibility calculation accuracy of numerical weather predict model, the paper tries to explore two new visibility calculation methods. Firstly, a multi-element visibility algorithm is established based on air temperature, dew point temperature and relative humidity. Then a visibility fusion method is developed. Verifications show that the calculation accuracy of multi-element visibility algorithm gains an advantage over a single relative humidity method, and the visibility fusion algorithm can describe the regional distribution of fog event. visibility fusion algorithm can overcome the limitation of single visibility algorithm and improves the prediction accuracy of fog.
A visita pastoral como exercício do governo do bispo diocesano, conforme os cânones 396-398
Authors: Herold Maikel
Published: June 2022

O poder do bispo diocesano não possui somente um caráter canônico, mas também pastoral. No entanto, ambas as dimensões encontram em determinados atos um dúplice vértice. Dentre esses se encontra o instituto da visita pastoral. Trata-se, neste sentido, do ato do bispo em que demonstra sua jurisdição em relação aos seus súditos e a sua proximidade pastoral em relação aos fiéis a si confiados. Mesmo advindo dos tempos apostólicos e definido como dever do bispo no Concílio de Trento, continua a ser um instituto de vital importância para o ministério episcopal, motivo pelo qual continua a ser regulado pela atual legislação da Igreja.
An assessment of short- and long-term efficacy of local corticosteroid injection in patients with lateral epicondylitis
Authors:   Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, Central Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of National Defence, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw, Poland, Geisler Piotr ,   Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Ultrasound, Central Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of National Defence, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw, Poland, Kisiel Bartłomiej ,   Clinical Research Support Centre, Central Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of National Defence, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw, Poland, Bachta Artur ,   Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Ultrasound, Central Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of National Defence, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw, Poland, Elert-Kopeć Sylwia ,   Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, Central Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of National Defence, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw, Poland, Pasińska Weronika ,   Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, Central Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of National Defence, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw, Poland, Tłustochowicz Witold ,   Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, Central Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of National Defence, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
Published: June 2022

Aim of the study: An assessment of short- and long-term efficacy of local corticosteroid injection in patients with lateral epicondylitis (tennis elbow) based on The Disabilities of the Aim, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) questionnaire and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), as well as an assessment of long-term treatment efficacy depending on baseline ultrasound disease activity. Materials and methods: A total of 32 patients presenting with tennis elbow and increased blood flow on ultrasound who were treated with local corticosteroid injection were included in the study. Baseline increase in blood flow, pain severity, upper limb function and the subjective response to treatment at 2 weeks (short-term outcomes) and 6 months (long-term outcomes) were assessed. Results: Short-term improvement was achieved in all patients. Long-term improvement was observed in 24 (75%) patients with lower baseline DASH and VAS. Long-term improvement was achieved in 15 (94%) patients in the group with low to moderate baseline disease activity on power Doppler ultrasound (16 patients) and in only 9 (54%) patients in the group with high baseline Doppler disease activity (16 patients). Conclusions: Local corticosteroid injection in patients with tennis elbow who present with increased baseline vascularity on ultrasound seems show short-term efficacy. Negative long-term prognostic factors seem to include significantly increased baseline vascularisation and high baseline DASH and VAS scores. Therefore, it seems reasonable to evaluate these factors before treatment onset, and if abnormalities are found, intensification of treatment or switch to another therapeutic option should be considered.
Intramuscular haemangioma in a child
Authors:   Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hospital Selayang, Lebuhraya Selayang-Kepong, 68100 Selayang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia, Akashah Izzah , Saniasiaya Jeyasakthy ,   Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Jalan Universiti, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Published: June 2022

Aim of the study: To outline the challenge faced in diagnosing intramuscular haemangioma of the masseter in a child. Intramuscular haemangioma is an unusual type of haemangioma and is oftentimes overlooked or misdiagnosed by health care professionals. Case report: Herein, we discuss a complex case of a 9-year-old girl referred to otorhinolaryngology department for unilateral preauricular swelling, initially treated as parotitis and finally diagnosed as intramuscular masseter haemangioma following imaging and biopsy. However, the patient had to complete several courses of antibiotics and fine needle aspiration, which was inconclusive, for almost a year prior to attaining diagnosis. Conclusion: We would like to highlight early imaging and image-guided biopsy especially in children to avoid delay in diagnosis and prompt management.
A nyelőcső motilitási betegségeinek minimálisan invazív sebészete
Authors: Andrási László , Ábrahám Szabolcs , Simonka Zsolt , Paszt Attila , Erdős Márton , Rovó László , Rosztóczy András , Ollé Georgina , Lázár György
Published: June 2022

Bevezetés és célkitűzés

Vizsgálatunkban a nyelőcső motilitási betegségeinek minimálisan invazív műtéti kezelésében szerzett tapasztalatainkat mutatjuk be a pharingo-oesophagealis (Zenker-) diverticulum, az epiphrenalis nyelőcső diverticulum és az achalasia cardiae vonatkozásában, hangsúlyt fektetve a perioperatív eredményekre és az életminőségre.

Anyag és módszerek

2003. január 1. és 2020. december 31. között Zenker, epiphrenalis diverticulum és achalasia miatt műtéttel kezelt és gondozott betegeket vontunk be a vizsgálatokba. Zenker-diverticulum miatt transoralis stapler diverticulostomiát 17, transcervicalis diverticulectomiat és cricomyotomiat 23 esetben, epiphrenalis diverticulum miatt 14 betegnél laparoscopos transhiatalis diverticulectomiát és Heller–Dor-műtétet, míg 63 esetben achalasia cardiae miatt Heller–Dor-műtétet végeztünk. Elemeztük a perioperatív eredményeket, valamint közép- és hosszú távon a műtétek életminőségre kifejtett hatásait.

Eredmények/következtetések

A műtétek minimális vérvesztéssel, alacsony morbiditással, mortalitás nélkül voltak kivitelezhetők. Vizsgálatunk szerint mind a Zenker-diverticulumok mindkét megközelítésből végzett műtéte, mind az achalasia cardiae és az epiphrenalis gurdély kezelésében alkalmazott laparoscopos Heller–Dor-eljárás biztonságos és hatékony sebészi módszerek. A minimálisan invazív technikával operált betegek tüneti kontrollja hosszú távon is megfelelő, és csak a betegek alacsony százalékánál jelentkeznek recidív panaszok, amelyek kiegészítő gyógyszeres és/vagy korrekciós műtétet is igényelhetnek.
CARACTERIZAÇÃO DA PRODUÇÃO CIENTÍFICA STRICTO SENSU EM PSICOLOGIA SOBRE JOVENS UNIVERSITÁRIOS (2008-2017)
Authors: Paes-Ribeiro Jaqueline Regina , Urnau Lilian Caroline
Published: June 2022

RESUMO Este artigo tem como objetivo caracterizar e sistematizar a produção científica da pós-graduação stricto sensu Brasileira em Psicologia sobre jovens no Ensino Superior, elaborada no período de 2008 a 2017. O estado do conhecimento foi realizado por meio de buscas por palavras-chave no catálogo de teses e dissertações da CAPES. Foram selecionados 78 trabalhos, cujas informações, obtidas por meio da leitura dos resumos, foram tabuladas em planilhas Excel e analisadas quantitativamente, considerando-se: a) região, b) instituição, c) ano de defesa, d) perspectiva teórica, e) tipos de pesquisa, f) procedimentos metodológicos e g) temáticas estudadas. Dentre os resultados, destacam-se que: os estudos advêm majoritariamente da região sudeste; há um maior número de produções entre os anos de 2013 e 2017 e de pesquisas qualitativas. No que se refere às temáticas, predominam estudos sobre a saúde dos jovens e sobre significações diante das políticas de acesso e permanência no Ensino Superior.
Análise do primeiro evento-teste de Santa Catarina no contexto da pandemia da COVID-19, em julho de 2021: um relato de experiência
Authors: Schuelter-Trevisol Fabiana , Liebel Graziela , Medeiros Gabriella de Almeida Raschke , Lopes Stella Maris Brum , Iser Betine Pinto Moehlecke , Traebert Eliane , Trevisol Daisson José , Traebert Jefferson , Macário Eduardo
Published: June 2022

Resumo Este estudo visou descrever a gestão e os resultados do evento-teste para flexibilização das medidas de distanciamento em Santa Catarina, Brasil. Trata-se de relato de experiência que descreveu os resultados do evento-teste, realizado em julho de 2021, quando os participantes foram submetidos ao teste diagnóstico de reação em cadeia da polimerase em tempo real 72-48 horas antes, sendo monitorados por 15 dias. Os desfechos analisados foram a infecção pelo SARS-CoV-2 até 14 dias após o evento e a presença de sintomas. Entre 313 participantes, a média de idade foi de 45,1 anos e 54,3% eram do sexo feminino. No monitoramento, 7,7% (24) dos participantes contactados relataram sintomas compatíveis com infecção, embora, dos 240 que compareceram para testagem pós-evento, nenhum resultado tenha acusado presença do vírus. Não houve registro de casos de COVID-19 pós-evento. Sugere-se realização de outros eventos-teste para avaliar as recomendações indicadas.
A Course-Long Information Retrieval Project
Authors: Kauchak David
Published: June 2022

In this paper, we describe the outline for a course-long information retrieval (IR) project. The project guides the students in constructing a working IR system from the ground up. The first half of the project is structured and closely follows common foundational IR concepts. During this portion of the project, a bare-bones IR system is constructed. For the last half of the project, students (in groups) implement research-driven extensions to the basic system with the additional constraint that their project must integrate with the base system. By the end, the students have worked on a large software project (~40 classes with thousands of lines of code) in a group setting as well as been introduced to the research process. This project plan has been successfully used in an undergraduate course; resources including starter code, solutions, and an example IR system with project write-ups are available.
Modeling Opponent Actions for Table-Tennis Playing Robot
Authors: Wang Zhikun , Boularias Abdeslam , Mülling Katharina , Peters Jan
Published: June 2022

Opponent modeling is a critical mechanism in repeated games. It allows a player to adapt its strategy in order to better respond to the presumed preferences of its opponents. We introduce a modeling technique that adaptively balances safety and exploitability. The opponent's strategy is modeled with a set of possible strategies that contains the actual one with high probability. The algorithm is safe as the expected payoff is above the minimax payoff with high probability, and can exploit the opponent's preferences when sufficient observations are obtained. We apply the algorithm to a robot table-tennis setting where the robot player learns to prepare to return a served ball. By modeling the human players, the robot chooses a forehand, backhand or middle preparation pose before they serve. The learned strategies can exploit the opponent's preferences, leading to a higher rate of successful returns.
Efficient Issue-Grouping Approach for Multi-Issues Negotiation between Exaggerator Agents
Authors: Fujita Katsuhide , Ito Takayuki , Klein Mark
Published: June 2022

Most real-world negotiation involves multiple interdependent issues, which makes an agent's utility functions complex. Traditional negotiation mechanisms, which were designed for linear utilities, do not fare well in nonlinear contexts. One of the main challenges in developing effective nonlinear negotiation protocols is scalability; it can be extremely difficult to find high-quality solutions when there are many issues, due to computational intractability. One reasonable approach to reducing computational cost, while maintaining good quality outcomes, is to decompose the contract space into several largely independent sub-spaces. In this paper, we propose a method for decomposing a contract space into sub-spaces based on the agent's utility functions. A mediator finds sub-contracts in each sub-space based on votes from the agents, and combines the sub-contracts to produce the final agreement. We demonstrate, experimentally, that our protocol allows high-optimality outcomes with greater scalability than previous efforts. We also address incentive compatibility issues. Any voting scheme introduces the potential for strategic non-truthful voting by the agents, and our method is no exception. For example, one of the agents may always vote truthfully, while the other exaggerates so that its votes are always "strong." It has been shown that this biases the negotiation outcomes to favor the exaggerator, at the cost of reduced social welfare. We employ the limitation of strong votes to the method of decomposing the contract space into several largely independent sub-spaces. We investigate whether and how this approach can be applied to the method of decomposing a contract space.
Cross-Language Latent Relational Search: Mapping Knowledge across Languages
Authors: Tuan Duc Nguyen , Bollegala Danushka , Ishizuka Mitsuru
Published: June 2022

Latent relational search (LRS) is a novel approach for mapping knowledge across two domains. Given a source domain knowledge concerning the Moon, "The Moon is a satellite of the Earth," one can form a question {(Moon, Earth), (Ganymede, ?)} to query an LRS engine for new knowledge in the target domain concerning the Ganymede. An LRS engine relies on some supporting sentences such as ``Ganymede is a natural satellite of Jupiter.'' to retrieve and rank "Jupiter" as the first answer. This paper proposes cross-language latent relational search (CLRS) to extend the knowledge mapping capability of LRS from cross-domain knowledge mapping to cross-domain and cross-language knowledge mapping. In CLRS, the supporting sentences for the source pair might be in a different language with that of the target pair. We represent the relation between two entities in an entity pair by lexical patterns of the context surrounding the two entities. We then propose a novel hybrid lexical pattern clustering algorithm to capture the semantic similarity between paraphrased lexical patterns across languages. Experiments on Japanese-English datasets show that the proposed method achieves an MRR of 0.579 for CLRS task, which is comparable to the MRR of an existing monolingual LRS engine.