bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estimation and Reduction of Noise in Gears
Authors: Dhokale Shubham , Bahulikar Sanjay , Hemke Vishal
Published: December 2018

The paper presents the literature for noise in gears. It includes the methods of calculation of gear noise, mathematical modeling for gear noise prediction. Also experimental methods to measure noise parameters. It is mainly divided into three parts “Causes of Noise”, “Mathematical modeling”, “Noise measurement”. Mathematical models consisting of gear noise prediction is useful in order to design gear box with less noise. Noise and vibration measurement and signal analysis are important tools when experimentally investigating gear noise gears create noise at specific frequencies, related to number of teeth and the rotational speed of the gear.
Reduction of Salinity from sea water using air micronanobubbles and graphene in laboratory scale
Authors: Tapia Johana , Valverde Flores Jhonny
Published: December 2018

The objective of the research was to reduce the salinity of the waters of San Pedro, Lurín, Peru. The proposed method was a pre-treatment with Micro-Nanobubbles (MNBs) of air at different times and a post-treatment with graphene at different concentrations, this was called Grafenano. The first stage was to first pass the samples collected by the MNBs generator, which allowed to reduce the physical and chemical parameters; The second stage consisted of filtering the water treated with MNBs using graphene in three proportions 5 g, 10 g and 15 g, which allowed to reduce the concentration of dissolved salts. The salinity of the seawater was determined as well as the physical-chemical parameters before and after the treatment. The air micronabubbles and graphene were characterized. The results obtained were: removal of Turbidity in 96% (from 27.57 NTU to 1.06 NTU), conductivity in 65% (from 49.01 mS/cm to 17.04 mS/cm), of BOD5 in 70% (from 2.42 mg/L to 0.72 mg/L) and a salt removal of 47% (from 34.46 g/L to 18.41 g/L).
Clinical and Radiographic Characteristics of Endoperiodontitis in Patients with Chronic Generalized Periodontitis
Authors: Dedova L.N. , Denisova Yu.L. , Rossenik N.I.
Published: December 2018

The article presents modern data on the priority clinical and radiographic signs of endoperiodontitis in patients with chronic generalized periodontitis. The aim of the research was to determine the complex of clinical and radiographic methods for diagnosing the patients with chronic generalized periodontitis in conjunction with a localized complex endoperiodontitis. Objects and methods. The research included the clinical and radiographic examination of 100 almost healthy patients aged 35-44 years. The study group consisted of 50 patients with chronic generalized periodontitis of moderate severity in conjunction with a localized complex endoperiodontitis (100 teeth). The control group was represented by 50 patients without periodontal pathology. The diagnosis endoperiodontitis was made according to the classification of professor L.N. Dedova (2012). Result and discussion. Clinical studies revealed chronic localized endoperiodontitis which led to 13.6 times decrease of pulp vitality and increase in the probing depth of the periodontal pocket by 4.84 ± 1,34 mm. CBCT was characterized by greater than IOR and OPG sensitivity (98%), 96% specificity, with a total accuracy of 97% and 24.5 times higher prognostic significance. Conclusion. The main methods of diagnosing localized complex endoperiodontitis are the electric pulp test and probing the periodontal pockets that has 4.2 times higher prognostic significance compared to gingival index, bleeding on probing, suppuration from periodontal pockets, migration of teeth, positive percussion, tooth mobility, furcation involvement and formation of acute periodontal abscesses. The additional method of diagnosing the localized complex endoperiodontitis is cone-beam computed tomography that has the diagnostic efficacy 96‒98% compared to intraoral radiography (42‒44%) and orthopantomography (52‒66%).
Особенности апикальной дельты у пациентов с эндопериодонтитом
Authors: Дедова Л.Н. , Денисова Ю.Л. , Росеник Н.И. , Даревский В.И.
Published: December 2018

В развитии эндопериодонтита большое значение имеют особенности анатомо-топографического строения зубов и в частности проводящие пути, к которым относят апикальное отверстие, открытые дентинные трубочки, латеральные и дополнительные канальцы, а также апикальную дельту. Цель исследования – изучить особенности апикальной дельты в зубах с эндопериодонтитом у пациентов с болезнями периодонта. Объекты и методы. Проведено клинико-рентгенологическое обследование с применением конусно-лучевой компьютерной томографии 380 пациентов с хроническим генерализованным периодонтитом средней тяжести в возрасте 35–44 лет. Локализация апикальной дельты соответствовала расстоянию между рентгенологическим апексом и окончанием визуализируемой части основного корневого канала. Результаты. Сложный эндопериодонтит установлен у 63,9 % пациентов с болезнями периодонта. Апикальная дельта наиболее часто встречается в молярах нижней (19,6 %) и верхней (16,3 %) челюстей. Наименьшая распространенность апикальной дельты отмечена в верхних (5,1 %) и нижних (7,4 %) клыках. Наибольшая биологическая длина апикальной дельты (БДА) выявлена в премолярах верхней челюсти (2,34 ± 0,67 мм). Заключение. Особенностью апикальной дельты является ее высокая распространенность (13,6 %) у пациентов с эндопериодонтитом. БДА у пациентов с эндопериодонтитом определена в пределах 0,8–3,4 мм при среднем значении 1,96 ± 0,68 мм, что дает основание обозначить ее отдельным тестом в комплексе диагностических мероприятий.
Implications of Two Opposing Variations of Neutral Theory
Authors: Bartlett Jonathan
Published: December 2018

This letter discusses the difference between neutral theory as an observation of present evolutionary dynamics compared to neutral theory as a more-or-less comprehensive theory of evolution.  The letter suggests that prior information, not neutral evolution itself, creates the patterns in the genome in ways that make the dynamics described by neutral theory possible in modern organisms.
From the Editors
Authors: Editors The
Published: December 2018

No abstract available.
إختبار الدور التفاعلي للموارد المالية في العلاقة بين استراتيجية التنويع وقيمة المنشأة(*)
Authors: حمود العنزي سعد علي , اسماعيل مصطفى منير
Published: December 2018

المستخلص

يهدف البحث الى تقديم تفسيرات جديدة لظاهرة التنويع وتأثيراتها المحتملة في قيمة المنشأة. وتوج ذلك بالإفصاح عن الدور المميز للمنظور المستند الى الموارد في دراسة العلاقة بين المتغيرين بعد أنْ خضعت لها عينة ممثلة من كبريات الشركات العالمية المدرجة ضمن مؤشر (Fortune 500)على طول المدة الزمنية الممتدة بين الأعوام (2005-2011) في محاولة أولى من نوعها على المستوى المحلي، استندت الى أسلوب الدمج بين البيانات المقطعية وبيانات السلاسل الزمنية بغية تفسير التباين المتوقع في قيمة المنشأة ببعديه المكاني والزماني، لعلها تسهم في إبداء تصور واضح، بقوة الوصف والتفسير والتنبؤ، يساعد على حل التناقض والالتباس في الكشف عن طبيعة العلاقة الصحيحة بين المتغيرين المذكورين، وهو هدف استراتيجي تنشده منظمات الأعمال متعددة القطاعات، رويداً وإستباقاً صوب القصد من البقاء والاستمرار في بيئة القرن الحادي والعشرين. وإستفهاماً لمشكلة البحث ووعياً بأبعدها من جهة، ومحاولة تذليلها من جهة أخرى، جرى إستنباط مجموعة فرضيات سُخِّر مضمونها لتفسير العلاقة بين التنويع وقيمة المنشأة، تخللتها مجموعة متغيرات تفاعلية توافقت مع طروحات نظرية إعتمادية الموارد الداخلية. وبعد إجراء التحليلات الإحصائية اللازمة لاختبار فرضيات التأثير التفاعلي للموارد المالية تحديداً، تبيَّنَ صحة فرضيتي التأثير المباشر وتوافر الموارد المالية، والتي يُستدل منها على الدور التفاعلي المعُدِّل للموارد المالية عالية المرونة في تلك العلاقة بين التنويع غير المترابط، في الدرجة الأولى، وقيمة المنشأة.
دور الجانب الأخلاقي للمحاسب الاداري في جودة المعلومات المحاسبية
Authors: عبد عبد خلف , نوري مقداد احمد
Published: December 2018

تتجلى أهمية مهنة المحاسبة في تهيئة البيانات والمعلومات المحاسـبية عـن الموارد الاقتصادية ومصادرها والمتغيرات التي تطرأ عليها، وذلك من خـلال فاعلية هذه المعلومـات ودرجة ملائمتها وتوفيرها بالدقة والوقت المناسـب وبالشـكل الذي يجعلها قادرة على ترشيد القرارات واعداد تقارير الاداء ، وهناك عدة عناصر وسلوكيات تتحكم في كيفية وفاعلية هذه التقارير ومن هذه السلوكيات أخلاقيات العمل التي تحكم عمل المحاسب الإداري عند اعداد تقارير الاداء والتي هما أخلاقيات أعمال مهنية تحكم بمبادئ وقواعد محاسبية وقانونية كالموضوعية والموثوقية والحياد والتوقيت المناسب التي يجب ان تتوفر في المعلومات المحاسبية، واخلاقيات أعمال ذاتية تحكم بمبادئ واعتقاد ديني وعرفي نابع من عوامل شخصية تتعلق بالبيئة والمجتمع تتأطر ضمن مفاهيم العدالة والاحساس بالمسؤولية والايمان والاخلاص ومراعاة الاخرين، لكن هذا لايمنع من وجود تضارب بين أخلاقيات الأعمال المهنية والذاتية فهناك أعمال قانونية ولكنها ليست أخلاقية.
قياس وتحليل العلاقة بين أسعار النفط وسعر صرف الدولار في العراق*
Authors: خضير ايمان عبد , علوان حسين حسب الله
Published: December 2018

ترمي هذه الدراسة الى قياس وتحليل العلاقة بين أسعار النفط الخام وسعر صرف الدينار في العراق، وأعتمدت الدراسة اسلوبي التحليل الوصفي والتحليل القياسي، وأشارت نتائج التحليل الوصفي الى ان ارتفاع (انخفاض) أسعار النفط يؤدي الى حدوث ارتفاع (انخفاض) في قيمة الدينار العراقي مقابل الدولار، وان انتقال أثر أسعار النفط الى سعر صرف الدينار العراقي مقابل الدولار يكون عن طريق الاحتياطيات الدولية، حيث تقوم السلطة النقدية ببيع وشراء العملة الأجنبية المستحصلة بصورة أساسية من مبيعات البلد للمورد الريعي النفط الخام، مقابل العملة المحلية للتحكم بسعر صرف العملة المحلية. وقد اعتماد نماذج قياسية مناسبة لغرض تحليل العلاقة بين أسعار النفط وسعر صرف الدينار العراقي، حيث تم اعتماد نماذج التكامل المشترك ونموذج السببية لكرانجر ونموذج متجه تصحيح الخطأ، واستند التحليل القياسي على بيانات خاصة بمتغيري أسعار النفط الخام وسعر صرف الدينار العراقي مقابل الدولار للمدة (كانون الأول/ 2002 – كانون الأول/ 2011). وأشارت نتائج اختبار التكامل المشترك الى وجود علاقة توازنية طويلة الأمد بين أسعار النفط وسعر صرف الدينار العراقي مقابل الدولار، وأشارت نتائج اختبار السببية كرانجر الى وجود علاقة سببية تتجه من أسعار النفط الخام الى سعر صرف الدينار العراقي، بينما أشارت نتائج اختبار متجه تصحيح الخطأ الى وجود علاقة سببية بالاتجاهين، أي ان كل من أسعار النفط الخام وسعر صرف الدينار العراقي يسبب أحدهما التغيرات في المتغير الآخر، إلا ان اتجاه العلاقة من سعر صرف الدينار العراقي إلى أسعار النفط الخام غير منطقي اقتصاديًا.
تقدير نماذج الأنحدار الحيزي لنسب الفقر في أقضية العراق للعام 2012
Authors: علي عمر عبد المحسن , هادي سوسن قاسم
Published: December 2018

تناول البحث نموذج الانحدار الذاتي الحيزي ونموذج الخطأ الحيزي في محاولة لتقديم دليل عملي يوضح اهمية التحليل الحيزي، مع التركيز بصفة خاصة على أهمية استعمال نماذج الانحدار الحيزي والتي تضم كل منها الاعتمادية الحيزية التي يتم أختبار وجودها من عدمه بأختبار موران، وان تجاهل  هذه الاعتمادية قد يؤدي إلى ضياع معلومات مهمة عن تلك الظاهرة تنعكس في نهاية المطاف على قوة تقدير المؤشر الإحصائي المستخرج، تعدّ هذه النماذج حلقة الوصل بين نماذج الأنحدار المعتادة مع نماذج السلاسل الزمنية. وتم تطبيق التحليل الحيزي على بيانات المـسح الأجـتماعي والأقـتصادي لـلأسرة فـي العراق 2012. ولقياس افضلية النماذج المستعملة في البحث تم استعمال معايير مقارنة مثل: الجذر التربيعي لمتوسط مربعات الخطأ ومتوسط الخطأ النسبي المطلق ومعامل التحديد المعدل، وبمصفوفات وزن مختلفة (ثنائية و معدلّة) تأخذ بعين الأعتبار تأثير الجوارات بين الأقضية.
اثر التطور المالي على الفقر في العراق للمدة (1980- 2010)
Authors: نجم سعد عبد , علي ازهار حسن
Published: December 2018

اشارت العديد من الدراسات الاقتصادية التطبيقية الى الدور الايجابي للتطور المالي في التخفيف من مشكلة الفقر في البلدان النامية. وقد شهد العراق ارتفاعات في معدلات الفقر طيلة مدة الدراسة  نتيجة لتأثير عوامل عديدة منها عوامل خارجية تشمل الحروب والحصار الاقتصادي ، وعوامل داخلية تشمل التضخم والبطالة وعدم الاستقرار الامني والسياسي ، مما استوجب البحث عن السبل اللازمة لمعالجة هذه المشكلة والتي تعد احد اساليب معالجتها هو التطور المالي. اذ يسهم التطور المالي في تقليل معدلات الفقر بطريقة مباشرة من خلال منح القروض و التسهيلات المصرفية الى الفقراء، وطريقة غير مباشرة عن طريق قناة وسيطة هي النمو الاقتصادي، اذ يساهم التطور المالي بدعم التنمية الاقتصادية من خلال تعبئة الاموال وتوجيهها الى الانشطة الاكثر كفاءة وذات عائد اقتصادي واجتماعي مرتفع ، كما يخفض النمو الاقتصادي الفقر من خلال قناتين الا ولى مباشرة من خلال زيادة عوامل الانتاج التي يمتلكها الفقراء وتحسين الظروف في القطاعات والمناطق التي يعيش فيها الفقراء، والثانية  غير مباشرة من خلال اعادة توزيع الدخول المتحققة من النمو الاقتصادي فضلا عن الدخول المتحققة من زيادة الايرادات الحكومية والتي تستعمل لتحويل المدفوعات وتحسين مصادر العيش. توصل البحث الى  ارتفاع مؤشرات الفقر في العراق طيلة مدة الدراسة وانخفاض مؤشرات التطور المالي ، كما ان التطور المالي والنمو الاقتصادي لا يساهمان في تقليل الفقر في العراق وان هناك عوامل اخرى تساهم في تقليل الفقر في العراق كمعدلات التضخم المنخفضة وتخفيض معدلات البطالة وتحقيق الاستقرار الامني والسياسي.
Knowledge Management dan Kinerja Organisasi Sektor Publik: Studi Empiris pada Entitas Akuntansi di Indonesia
Authors: Farid Muhammad , Aryani Y. Anni
Published: December 2018

This study aims to investigate the effect of knowledge management enablers on the performance of accounting entities in Indonesia. Knowledge management enablers consist of ICT know-how and skills, job training, job rotation, knowledge management technology and knowledge sharing. The sample of the study comprises 229 accounting entities in Indonesia. Data was collected by online survey method and analyzed using AMOS 22 software for structural equation modelling (SEM). The results show that four knowledge management enablers, namely ICT know-how and skills, job training, knowledge management technology and knowledge sharing, have significant influences on the performance of accounting entities. Meanwhile, job rotation does not affect the performance of the accounting entities. Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh knowledge management  enablers terhadap kinerja entitas akuntansi di Indonesia. Knowledge management enablers dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari ICT know-how dan skills, job training, job rotation, knowledge management technology, dan knowledge sharing. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 229 penyusun laporan keuangan pada entitas akuntansi di Indonesia. Data dikumpulkan dengan metode survei online. Data dalam penelitian ini dianalisis menggunakan Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) dengan software AMOS 22. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa empat knowledge management enablers yaitu ICT know-how dan skills, job training, knowledge management technology, dan knowledge sharing berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja entitas akuntansi di Indonesia. Sementara itu, satu knowledge management enablers yaitu job rotation tidak berpengaruh terhadap kinerja entitas akuntansi di Indonesia.
Pengaruh Desentralisasi Fiskal Terhadap Tingkat Pengangguran di Wilayah Sumatera
Authors: Putro Riski Prasetyo
Published: December 2018

Through fiscal decentralization, local governments are expected to assume more responsibility for regional problems such as unemployment. This study aims to analyze the effect of fiscal decentralization on the unemployment rate in Sumatra for the period 2006 to 2013. This quantitative research used panel data and multiple regression analyses. The results show that Regional Revenue and Revenue Sharing Fund have negative effects on the unemployment rate. Capital expenditures negatively affect the unemployment rate for the next two years, while goods and services expenditures have a positive effect on the unemployment rate. In addition, the General Allocation Fund, Special Allocation Fund and personnel expenditure do not affect the unemployment rate. Abstrak Melalui desentralisasi fiskal, pemerintah daerah diharapkan mampu menyelesaikan berbagai permasalahan daerah, antara lain pengangguran. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh pelaksanaan desentralisasi fiskal terhadap tingkat pengangguran di Wilayah Sumatera selama periode 2006 s.d. 2013. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan data panel dan teknik analisis regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Pendapatan Asli Daerah dan Dana Bagi Hasil berpengaruh negatif terhadap tingkat pengangguran. Belanja modal berpengaruh negatif terhadap tingkat pengangguran pada dua tahun berikutnya, sedangkan belanja barang dan jasa justru berpengaruh positif terhadap tingkat pengangguran. Selain itu, Dana Alokasi Umum, Dana Alokasi Khusus, dan belanja pegawai tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap tingkat pengangguran.
Efektivitas Penerbitan Sukuk Negara Sebagai Instrumen Pembiayaan APBN
Authors: Hariyanto Eri
Published: December 2018

Sukuk Negara has become a part of budget financing instruments since 2008. After implementation of this financing instrument for eight years, the total issuance of Sukuk Negara was Rp565 trilion as of November 2016. With the increase of Sukuk Negara issuance, it is necessary to evaluate whether this issuance policy has been implemented accordance with the purpose of issuance as mandated by the law of Islamic Bonds (SBSN), and what will be the impact of Sukuk Negara issuance to the Indonesian economy. This research uses a descriptive qualitative methodology. The research revealed that the issuance of SBSN was in accordance with its purpose, which were to finance the budget deficit and to finance the development of government projects. Also, Sukuk Negara provides a wide range of positive impact on the Indonesia economy, namely: to the development of the Islamic financial industry, to support the governance of State Asset management, to expand the portion of infrastructure financing, and finally, to give an option of investment instrument alternatives. Abstrak    Sukuk Negara telah menjadi bagian dari instrumen pembiayaan anggaran sejak tahun 2008. Setelah implementasi kebijakan ini berjalan delapan tahun, jumlah penerbitan Sukuk Negara telah mencapai Rp565 triliun pada bulan November 2016. Dengan terus berkembangnya jumlah penerbitan, kiranya perlu dilakukan suatu evaluasi apakah kebijakan ini telah dilaksanakan sesuai dengan tujuan dari penerbitan sebagaimana diamanahkan dalam UU Surat Berharga Syariah Negara (SBSN) dan apa dampak penerbitan terhadap perekonomian Indonesia. Karya tulis ini menggunakan metodologi peneltian kualitatif deskriptif. Melalui kajian dalam karya tulis ini, diketahui bahwa penerbitan SBSN telah sesuai dengan tujuan dari penerbitan SBSN yaitu untuk membiayai defisit APBN dan membiayai pembangunan proyek-proyek Pemerintah. Penerbitan Sukuk Negara juga memberikan berbagai dampak posistif dalam perekonomian Indonesia, diantaranya: penerbitan Sukuk Negara bermanfaat bagi pengembangan keuangan syariah, mendorong tertib pengelolaan Barang Milik Negara, meningkatkan porsi pembiayaan infrastruktur, dan menambah alternatif instrumen investasi.
Strategi Peningkatan Sistem Pengendalian Intern Belanja Subsidi Bunga Kredit Program di Ditjen Perbendaharaan Kementerian Keuangan
Authors: Falah Samsul , Hakim Dedi Budiman , Falatehan A Faroby
Published: December 2018

The Law number 1/2004 on State Treasury mandated the head of government to organize and maintain Internal Control System. This study aims to give alternative policy to increase the Internal Control System in expenditure of Credit Program Interest Subsidy in the Directorate General of Treasury at the Ministry of Finance. The primary and secondary data were obtained from questionnaire and interview and reports that associated with Intern Control System and expenditure in Credit Program Interest Subsidy. Both data were selected by purposive sampling. The Model was evaluated by Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). The result of this study has shown that priority policy to make internal control system adequated was by making integrated information system in the verification and accuracy of the target.   Abstrak Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2004 tentang Perbendaharaan Negara telah mengamanatkan kepada kepala pemerintahan untuk mengatur dan menyelenggarakan Sistem Pengendalian Intern. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan alternatif kebijakan dalam meningkatkan sistem pengendalian intern belanja subsidi bunga kredit program di Direktorat Jenderal Perbendaharaan, Kementerian Keuangan. Penelitian ini menggunakan data primer dan data sekunder yang diperoleh melalui kuesioner dan wawancara laporan terkait sistem pengendalian intern dan belanja subsidi bunga kredit program. Kedua data dipilih dengan metode purposive sampling. Model dalam penelitian ini dievaluasi dengan Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa prioritas kebijakan yang harus dilakukan adalah pembuatan sistem informasi yang terintegrasi dalam verifikasi dan ketepatan sasaran belanja subsidi bunga kredit program.
Analisis Implementasi Dana Desa di Wilayah Maluku Utara
Authors: Zulfian Rusli
Published: December 2018

This study aims to analyze four aspects of the implementation of the Village Fund program covering allocation, distribution, execution and reporting of the village fund and provide recommendations on the issue of those four aspecst. The research was conducted in three districts in North Maluku province between year 2015 and Semester I 2016, which are Tidore, West Halmahera and North Halmahera Regency. This study took three samples for each district so that the entire samples are nine villages. The research methods are descriptive qualitative analysis and descriptive quantitative analysis. Data was collected by collecting written documentation, conducting interviews, conducting field observations and conducting focus group discussion (FGD). The results showed that the basic allocation and allocation formula led to less proportional distribution Village Fund if associated with status/condition of the village, as mentioned in the Developing Village Index(IDM). The Delays in disbursement phase I have an impact on the disbursement for the next phases. There is inappropriate of the Village Fund usage, which is caused by the bias interpretation of two different regulations. In relation to transparency and accountability, some observed villages have not published the village fund report on the available media.   Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis empat aspek pelaksanaan program Dana Desa yang meliputi aspek pengalokasian, penyaluran, penggunaan dan pelaporan Dana Desa serta memberikan rekomendasi atas permasalahan dari keempat aspek tersebut. Penelitian dilaksanakan di tiga kabupaten/kota di Provinsi Maluku Utara yaitu Kota Tidore Kepulauan, Kabupaten Halmahera Barat dan Kabupaten Halmahera Utara dengan rentang waktu pelaksanaan Dana Desa Tahun 2015 sampai dengan Semester I 2016. Penelitian ini mengambil tiga sampel untuk setiap kabupaten sehingga keseluruhan sampel berjumlah 9 (sembilan) desa. Metode analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan analisis deskriptif kuantitatif dan analisis desktiptif kualitatf. Sumber data diperoleh dari dokumentasi tertulis, wawancara, observasi lapangan dan pada tahap akhir penelitian diselenggarakan focus group discussion (FGD). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan alokasi dasar dan alokasi formula menyebabkan kurang proporsionalnya distribusi Dana Desa apabila dikaitkan dengan status/kondisi desa sebagaimana dituangkan dalam Indeks Desa Membangun (IDM). Keterlambatan penyaluran Dana Desa pada tahap I berdampak pada keterlambatan penyaluran Dana Desa tahap berikutnya. Terdapat beberapa penggunaan Dana Desa yang kurang sesuai prioritas karena bias penerjemahan dua regulasi yang berbeda. Dalam hal transparansi dan akuntabilitas, beberapa desa observasi belum mempublikasikan pelaporannya di media yang tersedia seperti balai desa.
Pengaruh Kebijakan Relokasi Terhadap Tingkat Kepuasan Pegawai Negeri Sipil : Studi pada Direktorat Jenderal Perbendaharaan Kementerian Keuangan Republik Indonesia
Authors: Suheli Lili
Published: December 2018

For public institutions such as government institutions, managing Human Resources is a key to provide a better public service. Therefore, investigating the factors which could affect the job satisfaction of the employees is needed to ensure the goal achievement. This study aims to investigate the factors related to the satisfaction level of the employees regarding the job relocation policy, a policy which is considered necessary to be implemented by Directorate General of Treasury for some reasons. A sample of 178 respondents of DG of Treasury employees utilized. Questionnaires were employed as a quantitative measurement to determine the relationship between job relocation factors and job satisfaction levels. The factors are future career enhancement, compensation and organizational support, location preference, family consideration and socio-culture problem. The findings showed that compensation and organizational supports has a salient effect on the job satisfaction level, while location preference and socio-culture statistically significant affect the job satisfaction in a moderate level. Hence, this study has significant implication on how to formulate a proper job relocation policy, especially for public institutions.   Abstrak Bagi organisasi publik seperti institusi pemerintahan, mengatur Sumber Daya Manusia adalah kunci untuk mewujudkan pelayanan kepada masyarakat yang lebih baik. Oleh karena itu, menginvestigasi faktor-faktor apa saja yang dapat mempengaruhi kepuasan kerja para pegawai diperlukan untuk memastikan tercapainya tujuan organisasi yang diinginkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi tingkat kepuasan pegawai terkait kebijakan relokasi kerja, salah satu kebijakan dalam pengelolaan kepegawaian yang dilaksanakan oleh Direktorat Jenderal Perbendaharaan (DJPb). Sample dari 178 responden pegawai DJPb digunakan. Kuesioner digunakan sebagai alat metode pengukuran kuantitatif untuk mengukur hubungan antara faktor-faktor terkait relokasi kerja serta tingkat kepuasan pegawai. Faktor – faktor tersebut antara lain : peningkatan karir, kompensasi dan dukungan organisasi, preferensi lokasi, pertimbangan keluarga serta sosialkulutral. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa kompensasi dan dukungan organisasi merupakan faktor terpenting dalam menentukan tingkat kepuasan kerja, sedangkan preferensi lokasi dan aspek sosialkultural secara statistik mempengaruhi kepuasan kerja pada tingkat yang “moderat”. Selanjutnya, penelitian ini dapat berdampak pada bagaimana memformulasikan kebijakan relokasi kerja yang tepat, terlebih lagi bagi institusi pemerintahan.
Percepatan Pembangunan Infrastruktur dan Penambahan Utang Luar Negeri Pemerintah: Potensi Manfaat vs Potensi Risiko
Authors: Prihandoko Hangger
Published: December 2018

This study analyzes the effect of basic infrastructure development in the form of roads, electricity, education and health by the government on economic growth at the provincial level based on HDI groups namely provincial groups with high HDI and provincial groups with medium HDI. This study uses panel data composed of data across 32 provinces within the period of 2007-2014. Estimation is done by random effect model panel data regression analysis technique. The findings of this study are in high HDI provinces all forms of infrastructure are insignificant except educational infrastructure which has a significant negative effect, whereas in medium HDI provinces only health infrastructure that is not significant and only education infrastructure has a significant negative effect, other types of infrastructure such as roads, electricity and water have a significant positive effect. Based on these findings the prioritization of infrastructure development in relatively lagging regions is not only supporting the equitable distribution of economic growth but also the most efficient form of budget allocation for infrastructure development.   Abstrak Penelitian ini menganalisis pengaruh pembangunan infrastruktur dasar berupa jalan, listrik air, pendidikan dan kesehatan oleh pemerintah terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi di tingkat propinsi berdasar kelompok IPM Tinggi dan IPM Sedang. Jenis data yang digunakan adalah data panel yang tersusun dari data lintas ruang 32 propinsi dalam periode tahun 2007-2014. Estimasi dilakukan dengan teknik analisis regresi data panel random effect model. Temuan hasil penelitian ini adalah di provinsi IPM tinggi seluruh infrastruktur tidak berpengaruh signifikan kecuali infrastruktur pendidikan yang signifikan dengan arah negatif, sementara di provinsi IPM sedang hanya infrastruktur kesehatan yang tidak signifikan dan hanya infrastruktur pendidikan yang signifikan negatif, jenis infrastruktur lain berupa jalan, listrik dan air memiliki pengaruh signifikan positif. Berdasar temuan tersebut maka pemberian prioritas pembangunan infrastruktur pada daerah yang relatif tertinggal selain mendukung pemerataan pertumbuhan ekonomi juga merupakan bentuk alokasi anggaran pembangunan infrastruktur yang paling efisien.
Manajemen Risiko Keamanan Informasi pada Sistem Aplikasi Keuangan Tingkat Instansi (SAKTI) Kementerian Keuangan
Authors: Supristiowadi Eko , Sucahyo Yudho Giri
Published: December 2018

The aim of this study is to make information security risk management for SAKTI. The reason behind the study is SAKTI still does not have any tool to ensure the availability and continuity of SAKTI services. In order to make information security risk management for SAKTI, this study using the guidelines from several frameworks such as of ISO 27005 and NIST SP 800-30. The output of this study is the security risk management information for SAKTI, that contains the process of risk identification, selection of controls to mitigate risk, and acceptance of risk by risk owners.  Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyusun manajemen risiko keamanan informasi Sistem Aplikasi Keuangan Tingkat Instansi (SAKTI). Hal yang melatarbelakangi dilakukannya penelitian ini adalah karena SAKTI belum memiliki perangkat yang dapat memastikan keberlangsungan dan ketersediaan layanan SAKTI. Penelitian ini menggunakan beberapa standar seperti ISO 27005 dan NIST SP 800-30. Keluaran dari penelitian ini adalah sebuah manajemen risiko keamanan informasi SAKTI, yang di dalamnya terdapat proses identifikasi risiko, pemilihan kontrol untuk memitigasi risiko, dan penerimaan risiko oleh pemilik risiko.
Efisiensi Universitas Badan Layanan Umum dengan Metode Data Envelopment Analysis
Authors: Saputra Rikki Okto
Published: December 2018

This research purposed to simulate measurement of efficiency in BLU Universities with Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method. The object of this research are universities that already have BLU status on January 1st, 2013. This research use DEA method analysis to measure the efficiency of each university and regression method analysis as a support for method of analysis to determine which variable that give most influence to efficiency. The variables used in this research are total lecturers, total students, and amount of expenditure realization for input variables, also amount of income from educational services, and total alumnus for output variable. The result of this research showed that total of efficient universities almost the same as The total of ineffiecient universities. There are 11 efficient universities, whereas there are 10 inefficient universities. The most influenced variable to level of efficiency is variable input total student. Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mensimulasikan pengukuran efisiensi pada universitas BLU dengan metode Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). Objek dari penelitian ini yaitu universitas yang telah berstatus sebagai BLU pada tanggal 1 Januari 2013. Metode analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu metode DEA yang digunakan untuk mengukur tingkat efisiensi dari masing-masing universitas dan metode analisis regresi sebagai metode analisis penunjang untuk menentukan variabel mana yang paling berpengaruh terhadap efisiensi. Variable yang digunakan dalam penelitian yaitu jumlah dosen, jumlah mahasiswa, dan jumlah realisasi belanja untuk variabel input, serta jumlah pendapatan dari jasa pendidikan dan jumlah lulusan merupakan variabel output. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan jumlah universitas efisien dan inefisien hampir sama besar. Universitas efisien berjumlah 11 universitas, sedangkan universitas inefisien berjumlah 10 universitas. Variabel yang paling berpengaruh terhadap tingkat efisiensi yaitu variabel input jumlah mahasiswa.
Pictórico ruta del tesoro de los Andes
Authors: Marín Luis Antonio , Dueñas Andrey , Chaves Julián
Published: December 2018

Este pictorial documenta las salidas de campo del semillero Orígenes, en Jenesano y Motavita. El objetivo, es mostrar elementos de la cotidianidad de las personas de las zonas productoras de papa nativa y la interacción de los campesinos con el producto. La tradición oral y conservación de semillas son aspectos fundamentales en la construcción y preservación del patrimonio alimentario colombiano. Por esta razón, este trabajo busca documentar y generar conocimiento de los productos endémicos de la región de Boyacá.
Representaciones de la Sociedad Colombiana a través de los anuncios publicitarios en los años cincuenta
Authors: Rosero Pulido Jorge Hernán
Published: December 2018

El propósito de este trabajo es indagar el rol que desempeñaron los avisos publicitarios en la elaboración de representaciones, a partir de  los discursos de venta y las imágenes, y de qué manera éstos contribuyeron en la construcción de un discurso modernizante en la sociedad colombiana de mediados del siglo XX. Además se propone rastrear en estos avisos qué hábitos de consumo proponían los anunciantes a los lectores de las revistas donde eran publicados los avisos. Para este propósito realicé un rastreo de los avisos publicados en las revistas Semana, Cromos y Mito en el periodo comprendido entre 1951 y 1959, y construí un corpus de avisos publicitarios clasificándolos en avisos de productos industriales, avisos institucionales, avisos de entidades financieras y avisos de productos de consumo masivo. Una vez hecha esta selección tomé tres casos de estudio: Esso Colombiana, Censos Nacionales de 1951 y Laboratorios Squibb / Levadura Fleishmann los cuales analizaré en este trabajo.
En búsqueda del Cartel Social en Bogotá Cartel para no olvidar 2011 - 2012
Authors: Cárdenas Fabián Moreno , Urrea Montoya Michael
Published: December 2018

Lo encontrado es el resultado de la indagación bibliográfica hecha alrededor del cartel social en Colombia y el mundo, sumado a la realización de una Convocatoria de Cartel Social y la elaboración de un documental que recoge la existencia y vivencia del cartel en Bogotá.En este sentido, en un primer momento, se plantea el escenario que suscita nuestro interés en esta investigación, partiendo de algunas consideraciones respecto al deber ser del diseñador gráfico, para luego desarrollar un marco histórico que devela algunas características de los contextos en que surge el cartel en el mundo, resaltando el ingreso del cartel en el ideario artístico latinoamericano y colombiano.Consecuentemente abordamos el cartel como categoría y concepto, haciendo énfasis en sus características gráficas, y situándolo dentro de un marco que descubre ciertas intencionalidades que lo soportan como medio de comunicación visual.
Guardián
Authors: Castillo Blanco Andrés David
Published: December 2018

La obra Guardián es una de cinco piezas de la entrega final de concept art para la clase de Ilustración Publicitaría que tenía como objetivo dar a conocer una escena en específico o generar una idea del producto a realizar, en este caso es una película sobre una criatura del mar que tiene el propósito de mantener un equilibrio y armonía en el ecosistema. Esta criatura se caracteriza por su piel escamosa que le ayuda a iluminar en la oscuridad, posee aún el cabello de su vida como humano, además tiene una cola para defenderse ante hostilidades y dos aletas en la espalda donde alberga su energía. El tridente a su derecha es su arma principal, sirve para controlar el agua, que en ocasiones se convierte en frenéticos remolinos. En este momento se encuentra en un estado exhausto, recostado dentro de una cueva donde recarga su energía a través de las extremidades.
Taller RAD cultura del diseño de la mano con el sector productivo
Authors: Zipa Patiño Olga Lucia
Published: December 2018

Durante los últimos años la tendencia de la globalización ha propiciado cambios en las estructuras sociales, políticas y económicas de innegable trascendencia para las empresas del país. Ante estos nuevos retos, el diseño y particularmente la academia deben respaldar una cultura de cooperación que impacte positivamente en el entorno. Taller RAD es una dinámica propuesta por la Asociación Colombiana Red Académica de Diseño RAD que busca mejorar la relación entre las especialidades del diseño gráfico, industrial y de modas con el sector productivo. Es un diálogo de saberes que permite que se reconozca la pertinencia de los profesionales en diseño para la industria, a través de un ejercicio real para sus estudiantes que están próximos a graduarse.
Cortometraje animado para la concientización de la Trichotillomania como trastorno de control de impulsos
Authors: Chavarro Viloria Gloria Esperanza
Published: December 2018

Esta investigación es de tipo exploratoria, a partir de la cual se busca establecer la manera de crear un cortometraje animado para generar conciencia de la existencia de la Trichotillomania, sus causas y efectos. El cortometraje está orientado a jóvenes estudiantes entre los 13 y 18 años de edad que desconozcan la Trichotillomania y que residan en Bogotá en el año 2015.Para llevar a cabo este estudio se investigó de manera académica el concepto Trichotillomania, sus causas y consecuencias, a tráves de documentos, estudios e investigaciones. Luego se analizaron varias experiencias de vida, con el fin de entender de una manera más íntima, lo que sienten estas personas. Toda esta información se aplicó en el guión, diseño visual y en los monólogos del cortometraje.
Towards a National Research Agenda for the Ambulance and Pre-Hospital Sector in Australia
Authors: Tippett Vivienne , Clark Michele , Woods Shelley , FitzGerald Gerry
Published: December 2018

By comparison to other health disciplines and medical specialties, pre-hospital and emergency medical systems (EMS) research lags behind its clinical cousins. This paper describes a recent Australian response to recognition of the need to improve the profile of pre-hospital and EMS research. In August 2002, the Convention of Ambulance Authorities (CAA) hosted a national symposium to discuss the development of an Australian agenda for ambulance and pre-hospital research. The aims of the symposium were to describe the current state of Australian research on pre-hospital care and EMS; identify gaps in the current research effort; discuss targets for future research; and describe mechanisms for encouraging industry cooperation and fostering the research effort. Similarities between the key issues facing Australian researchers and those described in both the United Kingdom and United States were noted. This Symposium was an important preliminary step in focusing and improving the pre-hospital research effort in Australia.
Applied Paramedic Law and Ethics: Australia and New Zealand
Authors: Ross Linda
Published: December 2018

Teaching the legal and ethical components of paramedic practice is an arduous yet essential task. Paramedics are required to make judgement calls guided by ethical principles and supported by law on a regular basis. This text is both timely and relevant given the increasing litigious climate within which paramedics operate and the current movement to have the paramedic discipline recognised as a profession.
Management of Ankle Injuries in the Prehospital Environment: A Review of the Literature
Authors: Smit Lynsey , Boyle Malcolm
Published: December 2018

Introduction

Ankle fractures have traditionally been seen as low priority cases as they do not pose an immediate life threat. Ankle fractures have the potential to create long-term mobility consequences for a person if managed inappropriately. The objective of this study was to determine the most effective way to manage ankle injuries in the prehospital environment.

Methods

A literature search was conducted of the medical related electronic databases, Ovid preMedline, Medline, Cinahl, Cochrane CENTRAL, and EMBASE from 1980 to the end of May 2013. A previously published prehospital search filter was used in each of the databases including additional keywords “fracture”, “ankle”, “ankle injuries”, “bone fractures”, and “sprains and strains”. Articles were included if their primary aim was to examine the appropriate management of ankle fractures in the prehospital environment. The references of retrieved articles were also reviewed. Articles were excluded if they were not written in English.

Results

There were 531 articles located in the search. After reviewing the articles three were determined to meet the inclusion criteria. One article was set primarily in the emergency department but also included prehospital management. The remaining two articles were set in the prehospital setting. The findings suggest there is a defined set of questions to ask and specific assessment criteria for a patient with an ankle injury to determine its potential severity. Where there is neurovascular compromise anatomical realignment should be attempted.

Conclusion

A thorough initial assessment and good basic management by prehospital care providers is essential to assist in decreasing delays to definitive treatment for patients with suspected ankle fractures, dislocations or fracture/dislocations. Further research is needed to determine to most effective management strategies in order to achieve optimal outcomes for patients with ankle injuries.
Lessons about Work Readiness from Final Year Paramedic Students in An Australian University
Authors: O'Brien Kylie , Moore Amber , Hartley Peter , Dawson David
Published: December 2018

Introduction

Paramedic education is changing in Australia from a post-employment model in which in-house training is provided by state-based service providers to pre-employment Bachelor degree education in universities. Little is known about how well prepared final year paramedic students nearing the end of their university course perceive themselves to be to enter the workforce. The objective of the study was to investigate perceptions of preparedness for the workforce of final year paramedic students at Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia.

Methods

A survey was conducted with final year paramedic students in their last semester at Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia. The survey focussed on eight dimensions relating to paramedic practice: theoretical skills, clinical skills; practical skills; interpersonal skills; communication with colleagues and other professionals; coping skills; lifelong learning; and ethics and legal responsibilities. Part 1 of the survey required participants to choose from six possible responses on how well they believe their paramedic course has prepared them in relation to 64 statements. Part 2 consisted of 5 open- ended questions. Data from part 1 was analysed to find the mean ‘preparedness scores’ on the 8 dimensions of paramedic practice. Responses from part 2 of survey were transcribed and imported into NVivo8, where each part of the questions were analysed and grouped into themes.

Results

Response rate was 14% (n=23). Respondents felt ‘somewhat adequately’ to ‘adequately’ prepared for the workforce. Responses to Part 2 indicated a range of perceptions in relation to preparedness to enter the paramedic workforce, ranging from feeling unprepared to put knowledge into practice, prepared in some aspects but not in others, through to feeling prepared but with a realisation that there would be much to learn on the job. Respondents comments provide paramedic educators with some clear ideas about what final year students value in terms of preparing them for practice: whilst respondents valued the clinical practice opportunities they had had, they wanted more clinical placements with more variety, for example placements in different areas of healthcare.

Conclusion

This small survey provides paramedic educators with some clear ideas about what final year students value in terms of preparing them for practice. As Australian paramedic education moves from a post-employment training model to a pre-employment model, further consideration is needed of how courses will best address the development of clinical and practical skills of students and meet the requirements of ambulance service employers. Collegiate dialogue between employers, educators and students will assist in addressing this.
Rural Residents’ Perception about the Coverage, Cost and Access of Ambulance Services
Authors: Prosser Alana , Prosser Jessica , Playford Denese
Published: December 2018

Introduction

While there are numerous studies investigating use and outcomes of the ambulance service, there are none looking at population attitudes and knowledge about the ambulance service. The aim of this study was to see if education is required for a sample population representative of rural Australia in regards to cost and coverage.

Methods

This study used a knowledge, attitude and practice survey voluntarily self-completed by a sample population recruited opportunistically from a number of health and public areas in the city of Geraldton, including the Emergency Department, a General Practise Clinic, a Physiotherapy Clinic and a Shopping Centre.

Results

229 surveys were completed and showed that 30.1% of the sample population had no coverage in that they were not a pensioner, had no private health insurance and did not posses St John country cover. Aboriginal people were more likely than non-Aboriginal people to be without cover. Although 96% of people believed that everyone should be covered, 56% of participants did not know who administers rural ambulance coverage and 59% did not know the average call out fee for a life threatening call. The majority did not consider costs when using an ambulance.

Conclusion

The results demonstrated considerable lack of knowledge about ambulance cover and suggested that public education about ambulance services would be beneficial.
Bystander Experiences at and after a Motor Vehicle Accident: A Review of the Literature
Authors: Hall Anna , Wooton Karen , Hutton Alison
Published: December 2018

Introduction

To explore what was known about the experiences of bystanders both at the scene, and following a motor vehicle accident (MVA). Understanding these experiences will further elucidate the knowledge underpinning bystander's action and their needs at the scene and in the hours, days, weeks and months following this event.

Methods

A search of Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), MedLine (OVID) and Informit was undertaken using a combination of the keywords: bystander, first aid, motor vehicle accidents, car crash, car collision, lay people and witness. Thirteen articles met the selection criteria and were included in the analysis. The World Wide Web (web) was subsequently searched in response to a gap in current research on bystanders’ experiences at and following a MVA. Systematic thematic coding was used in the extraction of patterns regarding bystander experiences during and after witnessing a MVA.

Results

In the exploration of bystanders’ experiences during and after attending a MVA this review confirmed the presence of physical, emotional, cognitive and situational factors associated with bystander responses. Bystanders demonstrated that their response behaviours were determined by the nature of the emergency and the severity of perceived injury. In addition, bystanders weighed up the costs of helping and many felt morally responsible to offer assistance. Although there were no studies of long-term negative consequences exemplars from the web provided insight into ongoing psychological affects for bystanders.

Conclusion

This thematic literature analysis demonstrated the need for further research into the experiences of bystanders both during and following an MVA. Understanding bystander assistance in emergencies will allow health policy decision-makers to address the needs of both potential bystanders and those of actual bystanders during and post event.
Where is Prehospital Care Heading?
Authors: Boyle Malcolm
Published: December 2018

It was interesting to note a story in The Canberra Times on the 27th January 2014 about paramedic interns in New South Wales (NSW) not being allowed access and use of basic life-saving drugs, such as adrenaline.