bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kelelahan Mata pada Mahasiswa Keperawatan Selama Pembelajaran Daring di Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Dewi Puspawati Ni Luh Putu , Muliawati Ni Kadek
Published: June 2022

Latar Belakang: Proses belajar mengajar secara daring selama Pandemi Covid 19 telah berlangsung lebih dari 1 tahun. Pembelajaran daring ini meningkatkan durasi penggunaan perangkat digital. Peningkatan durasi ini dapat menimbulkan dampak pada kesehatan mata peserta didik khususnya mahasiswa. Tujuan Penelitian: Riset ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran keluhan kelelahan mata serta upaya yang dilakukan oleh mahasiswa STIKes Wira medika untuk mencegah dan mengatasi kelelahan mata. Metodologi: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif menggunakan kuesioner visual fatigue index  yang disebarkan secara online ke seluruh mahasiswa keperawatan STIKes Wira Medika Bali dengan responden berjumlah 165 mahasiswa. Hasil: Sebanyak 119 mahasiswa mengalami kelelahan mata (72,1 %). Upaya yang dilakukan oleh mahasiswa adalah dengan menjauh sejenak dari layar monitor, memejamkan mata dan tidur Kesimpulan: Sebagian besar mahasiswa mengalami kelelahan mata selama pembelajaran daring. Upaya pencegahan kelelahan mata yang diketahui oleh mahasiswa masih terbatas sehingga perlu sosialisasi tindakan preventif pencegahan kelelahan mata pada pembelajaran daring.
Foliar fertilizer management for tolerance to water drought in sugarcane
Authors: Almeida Lucilo José Morais de , Barbosa da Silva João Henrique , Araújo José Rayan Eraldo Souza , Cruz José Manoel Ferreira de Lima , Silva Francisco Gledson da , Barbosa Ewerton da Silva , Oliveira Adailton Bernardo de , Silva Belchior Oliveira Trigueiro da , Silva Adailson Tulio dos Santos , Nascimento Raiff Ramos Almeida , Dos Santos Neto José Fidelis , Lima Aline Amanda da Silva , Silva Edson de Souza
Published: June 2022

Currently, Brazil is the world's largest sugarcane producer, with a planted area of approximately 8.59 million hectares. For being a crop of great prominence in the world economy, sugarcane has been widely researched, especially in the study of the causes that limit its productivity, with emphasis on water availability, an important factor to be considered in Brazil, because much of the cultivation takes place in drought regions, and the producing locations are limited to seasonal rainfall. However, sugarcane may present certain mechanisms for tolerance to water stress, especially with the use of foliar fertilization for that tolerance. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the effects of foliar fertilization as a form of tolerance to water deficit in sugarcane crop. Water stress is the responsible factor for promoting physiological changes in the crop, enabling structural and functional alterations at various organizational levels of the plant. Furthermore, another approach to minimize the effects of water stress in sugarcane is to explore the plant's defense mechanisms, especially with the use of foliar fertilization as an alternative to tolerance to water deficit, considering the several benefits caused by this application method. Plant regulators are a viable option for reducing the negative physiological causes of water stress in plants, besides helping the plant to maintain physiological processes with a rapid recovery after overcoming water stress.
Pengaruh Desain Produk dan Persepsi Harga Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian (survei pada konsumen toko busana muslim toko Rizar Collection)
Authors: Wijaya Dhimas oka purnama
Published: June 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh desain produk dan persepsi harga terhadap keputusan pembelian ( Survei pada konsumen yang membeli produk busana muslim di toko Rizar Collection). Metode yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode survei. Dengan sampel penelitian 100 orang konsumen yang membeli produk busana muslim di toko Rizar Collection. Data yang digunakan adalah data primer. Alat analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah regresi berganda dengan menggunakan SPSS 23.0. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa desain produk busana muslim di toko Rizar Collection memiliki klasifikasi penilaian sangat baik,  produk busana muslim di toko Rizar Collection memiliki klasifikasi penilaian sangat baik, keputusan pembelian busana muslim di toko Rizar Collection memiliki klasifikasi penilaian sangat baik. Secara simultan desain produk dan persepsi harga memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian. Secara parsial desain produk berpengaruh signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian, secara parsial persepsi harga berpengaruh signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian.
НАЦИОНАЛЬНО-КУЛЬТУРНЫЕ ОСОБЕННОСТИ ФРАЗЕОЛОГИЗМОВ-ЗООНИМОВ ВО ФРАНЦУЗСКОМ И ЧЕЧЕНСКОМ ЯЗЫКАХ
Authors: Юсупова С.С.-А.
Published: June 2022

Статья посвящена вопросу национально-культурной специфики фразеологизмов-зоонимов в разноструктурных языках – французском и чеченском. Рассматривается оценочный аспект фразеологизмов, образных сравнений с компонентом «зооним» в данных языках. Источниками практического материала послужили «Чеченско-русско-французский словарь эквивалентных фразеологизмов» Байсултанова Д.Б. и «Новый французско-русский словарь» Гака В.Г. и Ганшиной К.А.
ANALYSIS OF THE ROLE OF MIDWIVES IN ACHIEVING ANTENATAL K4 VISIT COVERAGE: A LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Halim Irma Sagita S , Nontji Werna , Ahmad Mardiana , Arsyad Nur Aliya
Published: June 2022

Background: In Indonesia, this maternal mortality rate is still a major problem in the field of health. The high maternal mortality rate is related to the low quality of various programs in efforts to reduce AKI implemented by the government, namely Safe Motherhood, one of the pillars by improving access and quality of antenatal care services, namely on K4 visits that meet the National target of 90%.

Objectives: This study aimed to analyze the role of Midwives in the achievement of K4 Visit coverage.

Design: The method used in writing this article is the study of literature by descriptive methods.

Data Sources: Search for articles using data-based ScienceDirect and Google Scholar by entering the keywords Antenatal care, Factors, Utilization, Pregnancy in the literature search section with inclusion criteria, namely articles discussing antenatal visits for pregnant women, published years 2018-2021, International Publications, articles using English, original article, full text and open access.

Review Methods: The literature review method is in the form of a narrative review based on predetermined criteria, then collected and made a summary of the journal which includes the name of the researcher, the year of publication of the journal, the title of the study, the method, and a summary of the results or findings. The summary of the research journal is entered into a table according to the format.

Results: From the search obtained 52,900 articles filtered the year obtained 16,900, journal selection based on inclusion criteria obtained by fourteen journals that are eligible for review. articles the journal review found that the role of health workers/midwives is one factor that can increase antenatal visits. A good role by health workers to pregnant women can make mothers realize the importance of making visits to increase the utilization of health services.

Conclusion: The role of health workers/midwives is one of the factors that can increase antenatal k4 visits, namely by providing quality services, improving health promotion, and a friendly attitude full of concern for pregnant women's complaints. And it must be supported by complete skills, facilities, and infrastructure.
INFORMATION SUPPORT OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY CONSULTING ON THE BASIS OF THE MONITORING SYSTEM
Authors: Kruzhilko O. , Maistrenko V. , Volodchenkova N. , Polukarov O. , Arlamov O.
Published: June 2022

The article identifies the need to improve the information support of occupational safety consulting by creating a monitoring system. This is due to changes in the regulatory framework of labor protection, as well as changes in the structure of State Labour Service of Ukraine. The development of a monitoring system is due to the need for comprehensive modernization of information and analytical support in the field of labor protection. The lack of a subsystem of analytical data processing complicates the implementation of queries and prevents effective multicriteria information retrieval in databases, creating integrated reports, complicates or prevents the use of mathematical modeling techniques to predict occupational safety and occupational risk assessment. The basic principles on which the system of state monitoring of labor protection should be based are determined (the principle of purposefulness, the principle of planning, the scientific principle, the principle of objectivity, etc.). The main functions of the monitoring system for information support of occupational safety consulting are: accounting and analysis of indicators of labor protection; labor protection planning; organization and control of work on the implementation of labor protection measures; evaluation of the results of the planned activities. The implementation of the proposed principles and approaches to the development of a monitoring system becomes possible in the active development of information technology, as a result of which computer and communication technology and software have become widespread in all industrial and scientific fields. For the functioning of the monitoring system it is necessary to develop a set of methods, techniques and algorithms that establish the procedure for collecting, processing, analyzing and using data in the process of management activities in the field of labor protection. The use of the results of the monitoring system will increase the level of awareness of managers and specialists who carry out management in the field of labor protection, as well as ensure the scientific validity of management decisions.
Methodological approach to the development of conceptual frameworks for strategic regulation of regional development disparities
Authors: Varnaliy Zakhariy S. , Shevchenko Olha V.
Published: June 2022

The article forms a methodological approach to the development of conceptual foundations for strategic regulation of disparities in the social and economic development of regions. Based on the proof of a need to use the positive characteristics of disparities, the goals of their strategic regulation are determined. The article argues that through the regulation of disparities, it is possible to achieve both the maximum positive effect (in particular, change the redistribution of investment in favor of weaker regions) and the minimum negative effect (reduce the scale of disparities in social and economic indicators, decrease the cost of certain measures, which change the disparities’ indices). The key features for constructing the concept of disparities regulation are determined. The concept of strategic regulation of regional development disparities is formed, which is based on a gradual replacement of the paradigm of overcoming disparities by the paradigm of their effective use. A methodological synergetic activity approach for the development of conceptual bases for strategic regulation of disparities is proposed. It is based on a combination of the use of a synergetic approach to the assessment and systematization of disparities and streamlining the activities of institutions that shape the policy of disparities regulation. The activities of stakeholders in the strategic management of disparities create a synergistic effect to improve the quality of strategic management of disparities. The developed concept of strategic regulation of disparities in regional development is the basis for the formation of a coherent system of principles, methods, and functions for further quantitative measurement, evaluation, interpretation, and modeling the disparities in the social and economic development of regions and the elaboration of a practical mechanism for strategic regulation of regional disparities. The obtained results can be used by local authorities in developing the regional development strategies.
Criteria for delineation and tools for the development of problem rural areas
Authors: Storonyanska Iryna Z. , Zalutskyy Ivan R. , Patytska Khrystyna O.
Published: June 2022

The problem of delineation and identification of problem rural areas at the local level that needs special attention from the state is considered. The approaches to its settlement in the context of specifying the instruments of the state regional policy concerning the improvement of their social and economic condition are investigated. The paper reveals that the meaning of the terms “problem area”, “problem rural area” is not regulated by legislative acts of Ukraine, there are no criteria for identifying problem rural areas, assessing the state of their development, and classification by specific features. Given the limited information and statistical support for clear identification of signs of rural problems at the local level, the basis for their definition is adapted to the European methodology as small regions of NUTS-3 and analogs of local administrative units LAU. The selection of certain types of mainly rural areas is based on criteria of demographic and economic nature. A classification of mostly rural areas is developed. Problem (disadvantaged) mostly rural areas were identified based on compliance with the parameters of one of the four criteria: population density; changes in the existing population over the past three years; the changes in the number of legal entities over the past three years; the amount of tax revenues per person. According to the results of identification of types of mainly rural areas within 416 administrative districts without taking into account the Autonomous Republic of Crimea as of January 1, 2020: disadvantaged mostly rural areas were recorded at the level of 331 administrative districts; declining mostly rural areas were identified at the level of 96 administrative districts. Proposals for legislative support for the formation of tools for the development of problem areas of the state are developed.
World trends in the market of mechanical engineering
Authors: Ryvak Nataliya O.
Published: June 2022

The article analyzes the main trends in the global market of mechanical engineering, in particular, in the branches of agricultural engineering, mechanical engineering for light industry, construction and road engineering, and energy engineering. It also addresses the structure and development trends of the mechanical engineering market by regions, changes in the business environment of the mechanical engineering industry, the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the state and development of the global mechanical engineering market, new rules and requirements for manufacturers of mechanical engineering products, and technological innovations and trends. Mechanical engineering companies today are at the epicenter of technological transformation. The mechanical engineering industry creates individual digital capabilities and intelligently combined products. Innovative processes such as related production, forecast service and innovative service models are increasingly used in mechanical engineering. The use of modern digital technologies in mechanical engineering is becoming a necessity that prevents the risks of losing relevance in the market of modern industry. Although the basic principles of mechanical engineering, such as thermodynamics, fluid mechanics and machine design, still remain in force, the latest technologies are contributing to the rapid development of composites, mechatronics and nanotechnology. These new subject areas, which are the result of modern achievements, have become a prerequisite for the development of new and promising industries, including artificial intelligence and biomechatronics. The growing demand for increased production efficiency while minimizing operating costs has led to demand for new and innovative technologies. Based on the study of the introduction of new technologies in mechanical engineering and global trends in the industry, the author substantiates the feasibility of accepting the need for globalization in mechanical engineering as a new norm, taking into account costs, tax consequences, quality and delivery in planning the existing geographical location, supply chains, strategic partnerships; reduction of the general supply cycle for better adaptation to the changing environment; optimization of existing production facilities, automation and attraction of advanced digital technologies for the establishment of work processes; implementation of advanced technologies in mechanical engineering, such as artificial intelligence, Internet of Things, nanoengineering, advanced data analytics, automation of robotic processes, blockchain, robotics, cloud computing augmented reality, 3D printing, drones, 5G, etc.; raising the qualification level of mechanical engineering workers.
Industrial ecosystems of the world: assessment of ecological development
Authors: Soldak Myroslava O.
Published: June 2022

Sustainable development has become the mainstream of the global economy in recent years. It is focused on creating the mechanisms to ensure climate-neutral industrial growth through the use of advanced digital production technologies. Under the influence of modern technologies, the processes of formation and further development of industrial ecosystems are intensifying, which should be studied in ecological and technological contexts. The new climate agenda makes the determining of new perspectives and problems of industrial ecosystem development from the standpoint of a national industry increasingly relevant. The article presents an empirical analysis of the development of industrial ecosystems in 58 countries within two groups - countries with developed industry and countries with developing industry, based on the World Bank classification of countries and economies by level of industrialization. The methodological approach to assessing the environmental friendliness of industrial ecosystems has been improved by identifying the relationship between gross value added in industry and the efficiency of CO2 emissions in creating value in the manufacturing sector, the use of which allows establishing significant differences in achieving the goals of sustainable development between different countries in terms of industrial and technological development. The results of the study confirm the thesis on the active use of modern technologies in the field of environmental impact in countries with developed industries on the way to greater compliance of their industrial ecosystems with the principles of biological ones. Key issues are outlined and Ukraine's prospects for industrial growth based on sustainable development, along with a significant improvement in production technologies, are identified.
Caracterización colorimétrica del proceso termogravimétrico de la deshidroxilación de caolín hidrotermal y de toba
Authors: López-Pardo Giorgio E. A. , García-Guerra César A. , Lainfiesta Roberto , Guerrero-Gutiérrez Edward M. A.
Published: June 2022

El metacaolín es el producto obtenido de la calcinación del caolín. La alta actividad puzolánica del metacaolín permite su utilización como un material sustituto del cemento en el concreto. Esta y otras propiedades fisicoquímicas se ven afectadas por las condiciones de procesamiento del caolín. Por lo tanto, este estudio tuvo como objetivo caracterizar los cambios del color y densidad de dos tipos de caolín (toba triturada e hidrotermal) por medio de un análisis termogravimétrico del proceso de calcinación. Para la evaluación de la densidad se empleó la norma ASTM C188, mientras que la valoración de los cambios de color utilizó un espectrofotómetro CIE-L*a*b* en conjunto con la norma UNE 80117. Asimismo, la pérdida de peso y la densidad se correlacionaron con las coordenadas de color mediante una regresión polinomial. Los resultados demostraron que la deshidroxilación de los caolines ocurrió entre 400ºC y 650ºC, caracterizándose por un máximo en el delta E * de 12.9 y 4.3 para el caolín hidrotermal y de toba, respectivamente. Además, el caolín de toba triturada presentó la máxima luminosidad (L* = 92.84) de todos los tratamientos a los 21ºC. Este valor disminuyó 11.75% al incrementar la temperatura hasta 450ºC. A partir de esta temperatura, L* incrementó linealmente hasta alcanzar un valor final de 87.3 a 900ºC. La regresión polinomial obtenida explica en un 93% y 92% la variación del peso en función de los parámetros CIE-L*a*b* para el caolín de toba triturada e hidrotermal, respectivamente.
Simulacija potrošnje goriva i emisija automobila s različitim pogonom
Authors: Senčić Tomislav , Bojković Bruno , Mrakovčić Tomislav
Published: June 2022

Potrošnja goriva i emisije štetnih plinova imaju vrlo veliki utjecaj na okoliš, a ovise o vrsti pogona vozila, konfiguraciji terena, opterećenju vozila te brzini gibanja vozila. U ovom radu provedena je simulacija potrošnje goriva i emisija štetnih tvari pomoću računalne aplikacije Advisor za automobil na određenoj dionici. Pomoću tvornički ugrađenih senzora i upravljačke jedinice motora automobila te putem OBD2 priključka, izmjerena je trenutna brzina i potrošnja goriva automobila s dizelskim motorom na dinamičnoj gradskoj dionici. Zatim su izrađeni simulacijski modeli automobila s dizelskim, benzinskim i hibridnim pogonom. Izmjereni profil brzine stvarnog automobila upotrijebljen je kao ulazni podatak u simulacijama za automobile s različitim pogonima. Usporedba rezultata dobivenih simulacijom i vrijednosti dobivenih mjerenjem na stvarnom automobilu s dizelskim pogonom poslužila je za validaciju simulacijskog modela. Pomoću računalne aplikacije Advisor izračunate su potrošnje goriva, emisije ugljikovog dioksida, neizgorenih ugljikovodika, ugljikovog monoksida te dušikovih oksida. Dobiveni rezultati su očekivani, iako su zbog dinamičnosti dionice razlike između pojedinih izvedbi pogona naglašenije nego što to sugeriraju podaci deklarirani od strane proizvođača. Najveću potrošnju goriva i najvišu emisiju štetnih tvari ima automobil s benzinskim pogonom, a najmanju automobil s hibridnim pogonom. Vrlo velik utjecaj na emisije izračunate pomoću simulacijskog modela ima činjenica da katalizator trostrukog djelovanja ugrađen u automobil s benzinskim i hibridnim pogonom postaje djelotvoran tek nakon nekog vremena od hladnog starta, odnosno nakon što se postigne odgovarajuća radna temperatura motora.
Effect of climate change on the safety of civil populations
Authors: Stochaj Justyna
Published: June 2022

Artykuł poświęcony został przedstawieniu wpływu zmian klimatu na bezpieczeństwo ludności cywilnej. Podzielony został na trzy główne części. Pierwsza poświęcona została zagadnieniu związku występującego pomiędzy człowiekiem, a środowiskiem. W drugiej zaprezentowano wybrane przyczyny zmian klimatu. W trzeciej zaś zawarto wybrane skutki zmian klimatu, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem ich wpływu na bezpieczeństwo człowieka.
Split Crest Technique for Horizontal Alveolar Augmentation and Simultaneous Dental Implant Placement: A Case Report
Authors: Ishimine Skiba Tarcio Hiroshi
Published: June 2022

The oral rehabilitation with implant supported prosthesis it is challenging in areas where there is not enough thickness. This is the case of atrophies in the maxilla or mandible in edentulous patients. To achieve a satisfactory bone volume that allows the installation of implants, several techniques can be performed. This report presents the case of a 55-year-old female patient with insufficient bone thickness between the maxillary canines, but with a satisfactory height for implant placement. The Split crest technique was per-formed, taking advantage of the bone height and the medullary portion in the region, al-lowing the immediate installation of implants with bone graft. The postoperative period was uneventful and at 6 months it was possible to install the provisional crowns. Therefore, it is concluded that the Split crest technique is predictable and allows safe oral rehabilitation.
A “Best Choice Medicine” (BCM) Route to Drug Development to Solve the Aging-Associated Non-Communicable Disease Burden
Authors: Parrish Elizabeth L.
Published: June 2022

Objective: The Objective of this paper is to propose a new modality called Best Choice Medicine (BCM) to provide possible life-saving experimental treatments to patients suffering from Aging-Associated Non-Communicable Diseases (AA-NCDs) who would otherwise not survive without treatment. Likewise, BCM would expedite the drug approval process in the U.S. by generating immediate data from these patients. BCM resembles Medical Tourism in many ways except that it would be done within the U.S. To better appreciate Medical Tourism as a field patients were queried for their feedback on their own experiences with Medical Tourism.

Method: Thirteen people who spent significant time and money participating in Medical Tourism were queried in a non-randomized non-controlled survey to understand their perceptions of the Medical Tourism field.

Results: The thirteen people chose to participate in Medical Tourism mostly due to lack of treatments available through the regulatory system in their own countries. They also believed that they should be able to choose therapies for themselves. And all participants said that they would consider participating in medical tourism again.

Conclusions: Although this is a small study the researchers believe that this research shows the need for a new and more assessable regulatory route, such as BCM, in the United States. This preliminary study is a launchpad for doing more in-depth studies to develop and evaluate the concept of BCM further.
COVID-19 WAR: Controversial Guidelines
Authors: Badlou Bahram Alamdary
Published: June 2022

Guidelines are very important lifesaving procedures that can affect whole medical approaches, radically. On the other hand, the controversial guidelines based on agreements and hastiness can cause mis-information production, mistrust, and even a significant increase in morbidity and mortality rate, (un-)intentionally [1-3].
Nutrition Impact on the Prognosis of Patients with Esophageal Cancer
Authors: Forțofoiu Mircea-Cătălin
Published: June 2022

Obesity is one of the most important risk factors for esophageal cancer. Case-control studies performed in people with body mass index (BMI) over 30 kg/m2 have statistically favorable results for the occurrence of esophageal adenocarcinoma. The purpose of this study is to analyze the role of obesity in the prognosis of patients with squamous cell carcinoma and esophageal adenocarcinoma. The results of the study showed a similar profile of survival curves in patients with squamous cell carcinoma, regardless of the BMI. For patients with esophageal adenocarcinoma, there were statistically significant differences between the BMI value and their survival.
Overview of Work-Life Balance on Married Female Nurses at Cut Meutia General Hospital
Authors: Dewi Rahmia , Livia Salvawirza
Published: June 2022

This study aims to describe the description of work-life balance in married female nurses at Cut Meutia General Hospital. This research was conducted at Cut Meutia General Hospital, North Aceh. The method in this research is descriptive and quantitative. The number of participants in the study consisted of 76 married nurses. This study uses the work-life balance dimension, which consists of four dimensions, namely, work interference with personal life (WIPL), personal life interference with work (PLIW), personal life enhancement of work (PLEW), work enhancement of personal life (WEPL). The technique used in this research is non-probability sampling with purposive sampling. The data collected in this study used a Likert scale, namely the work-life balance scale, which amounted to 22 items. Data analysis shows that the overall work-life balance of married female nurses at Cut Meutia General Hospital is in high categorization, namely 53.9%. The results of this study have a positive effect on work in personal life and have a positive effect that is formed from the realm of personal life to the respondent's work. In conclusion, married female nurses are able to balance their personal life and work (work-life balance). The PLIW dimension is the lowest at 53.9%. This shows that a person's personal life is very influential
Impact of 20% Ethanol-blended Gasoline (E20) on Metals and Non-metals used in Fuel-system Components of Vehicles
Authors: Bawase Moqtik A. , Thipse Dr. Sukrut S.
Published: June 2022

Ethanol is considered as a potential biofuel for blending with gasoline and, in India, it is planned to increase the ethanol content to 20 percent in gasoline by year 2025 from present allowable limit of maximum 10 percent. It is important to evaluate the impact of E20 fuel on the materials used in fuel-system components. An evaluation of 8 metals, 6 elastomers and 4 plastics used in various fuel-system components was conducted through systematic exercise of laboratory immersion following standard methods like SAE J1747 and SAE J 1748 with all the quality and quality assurance measures. The study was conducted with E20 as test fuel and commercial gasoline (BS IV) as a baseline fuel for comparative assessment. Impact of E20 on metals was evaluated through calculation of corrosion rates in mm/year based on data obtained for change in mass post-immersion in above fuels. Similarly, impact of elastomers and plastics was evaluated through observed changes in properties like mass, volume, tensile strength, elongation, impact strength and hardness. Impact of E20 on metals tested was found to be insignificant based on the corrosion rates. Polychloroprene, SBR, HNBR and Fluoroelastomer were found to perform similar or better in most of the properties with E20. Impact of E20 on NBR-PVC and Epichlorohydrin was more as compared to commercial gasoline. Similar changes in properties of PA12, PBT and Acetal were observed in both the fuels. Impact of E20 on tensile strength and volume change properties of PA66 was found to be more than commercial gasoline. The vital information generated can be utilised by design engineers for selection, modification of materials for various components of fuel-system of vehicles
Study of Impact of Engine and Vehicle Level Parameters for Reduction in Engine Oil Consumption for Advanced Emission Architecture Commercial Vehicles
Authors: Gautam Navneet , Kanikdale Tushar S , Khare Ajay , Paygude Sachin , Shaikh Arshad A
Published: June 2022

Automotive industry has seen implementation of advanced emission regulations like BS-VI in India along with growing market demand for increased product performance and reduction in total cost of ownership. This has made the engine architecture more intricate leading to complex interaction among engine and vehicle level parameters. This poses technical challenge for achieving critical product attributes like increased power density, higher fluid economy and reduced oil consumption (OC). The current paper focusses on reducing engine oil consumption across diverse duty cycles using simulation tools, vehicle data analytics and test cell Design of Experiments (DOE). The contribution of oil consumption mechanisms viz. oil evaporation, oil throw and oil transport have been understood across different loads and duty cycles patterns. The critical parameters at engine and vehicle levels are identified affecting low load and high load oil consumption. Vehicle testing is conducted, and the real time data analytics was used to identify correlation of vehicle duty cycle parameters like percentageof Idling,Thermal Management Operation, Coolant Temperature, etc. with measured oil consumption. Piston ring dynamics simulation has been used to optimize critical ring parameters impacting oil consumption through directional trends. DOE was conducted in engine test cell environment to assess effect of critical parameters like combustion temperature and oil ring tension for high load oil consumption. The new test cycles for verifying oil consumption at various loads are described. Results of interaction and main effects for individual factors are discussed. The parameters having weaker co-relations are also highlighted. The proposed solution is a combination of piston ring pack geometry features, thermal management calibration strategyand vehicle idling controls. The demonstration of final recipe of solution at vehicle level showed substantial improvement in oil consumption over baseline as well as over global industry benchmark. The improvement is demonstrated in the actual vehicle applications for mining tippers and tractors
Modal Analysis of Passive Engine Mount Assembly using Finite Element Analysis
Authors: H. V. Santhosh Kumar  , K. S. Pramukh Bharadwaj  , Rohith S Holla  , S. Mridhul  , T. Vishnu
Published: June 2022

Engine mounts play a vital role in reduction of noise and vibration. For an internal combustion engine, there exist two basic dynamic disturbances: a) the firing pulse due to the combustion of fuel in the cylinder and b) the inertia force and torque caused by the rotating and reciprocating parts. The firing pulses will cause a torque to act on the engine block about an axis parallel to the crank. The inertial forces are both parallel to the piston axis and perpendicular to the crank and piston axes. This dissertation describes the finite element approach for modal and static structural analysis of the engine mount used on an inline four-cylinder petrol engine.  A 3D model of the mount was created with the help of Solid-Edge V19 software and the same was analysed for natural frequencies and total deformation using Ansys Workbench software. Further, torsional stiffness of the mount was obtained using finite element analysis and validated using experimental testing. Viscoelastic behaviour of rubber has also been discussed with the help of a Generalized Maxwell model (GMM). GMM was chosen after reviewing all the commonly used models. Later, an in-depth analysis of transmissibility was carried out using finite element analysis approach and a 6-DOF Mathematical model approach. Random vibration analysis was carried out and the resulting RMS accelerations were compared with the ISO-2631 standard.
Effect of Material Change from 20MnCr5 to EN 353 on Fatigue Performance of Crown Wheel Pinion ( Hypoid Gear Sets) of Full Float Axles - Case study
Authors: Yathish Rao
Published: June 2022

Crown wheel pinion is a prime member in transferring the power from transmission to wheel ends in automotive truck axles. Gear material is one of the deciding factors to estimate the fatigue life of the part. Higher the fatigue characteristics of the material better the fatigue performance of the part. In this case study, heavy truck axle with particular size having deep gear ratio is considered for material change from DIN 20MnCr5 to BS-EN 353, because its challenging to meet the life requirement in deeper gear ratios typically above 6. The basic material comparison conducted for metallurgical properties, jominy values, heat treatment properties, fatigue endurance limits, impact strength & fracture toughness. The analysis shows the EN 353 has 50% better impact strength, 35% better fracture toughness & 6.5% better endurance limit than that of 20MnCr5. The impact strength of EN 353 is 50J where as 20 MnCr5 is 25J, the fracture toughness of EN353 is 99.5 MPa√m & that of 20MnCr5 is 64.3MPa√m. The fracture toughness is calculated using Roberts-Newton formula. The endurance limit for EN 353 is 1000MPa & that of 20MnCr5 is 935MPa. The case carburized results show EN 353 has better case structure than 20MNCr5. The total 12 Numbers of gear sets, 6 each for 20 MnCr5 & EN 353, are validated for gear set fatigue on bench for particular torque. The performance of EN 353 is 24% better than 20MnCr5. The fatigue life of EN 353 is 39983 Cycles & that of 20MnCr5 is 30212 Cycles. The fracture mode is same in both the grades & typical fracture is on the Pinion. This study shows us the material change over is contributed significantly by improving the fatigue life of crown wheel pinion particularly for deeper gear ratios in heavy truck axles.
Effects of Vortex Generators on Aerodynamic Drag Force in the Hatchback Type Car
Authors: Sanjay D. Patil  , Vikas T. Mujmule  , Ajay P. Mahale  , Suhas A. Jagtap  , Ganesh S. Patil
Published: June 2022

Aerodynamic drag force is one of the main obstacles on moving a vehicle. This force significantly reduces a vehicle's speed and, as a result, its fuel efficiency. In today’s scenario, fuel efficiency is a prime concern in vehicle design, so a reduction in aerodynamic drag force is highly important. Road vehicles are designed to pass through surrounding air and displace it as efficiently as possible. Due to the rear shape of a car, airflow suddenly separates from the vehicle at a point near the rear windscreen. This flow separation at the rear end of the car is responsible for the drag force, which is the main opposition to the vehicle's forward motion. This drag force is proportional to the square of the velocity of the car and, as a result, increases significantly after certain speeds. To reduce the drag force, the flow separation at the rear end needs to be avoided. In hatch-back type cars, to avoid this separation, a vortex generator (VG) can be used. VG creates the vortex at the rear end of the car, which delays the flow separation and, ultimately, drag is reduced significantly. In this work, the effect of a VG on the pressure distribution, velocity destitution and aerodynamic drag on the hatchback type car, is studied by the numerical simulation. The numerical simulations are carried out using the ANSYS FLUENT® software. The simulation setup is validated with wind tunnel test results.
On Using Kriging Response Surface Method for EV Battery Pack Structural Response Prediction and Mass Optimization
Authors: Deepak Sreedhar Kanakandath  , Sankha Subhra Jana  , Arunkumar Ramakrishnan
Published: June 2022

Structural response of battery packs in electric vehicles when subjected to road loads is an important factor that decides its performance and life during normal operation. In this paper a kriging response surface model is built using a Design of Experiment (DOE) run dataset to predict structural response and global modal frequency metrics of the battery pack. Using this Response Surface Model (RSM), we can rapidly optimize the battery pack design with respect to structural response and achieve significant mass reduction. This method reduces turnaround times for design optimization in early stages of battery pack design.
3D Printing for Drug Delivery and its Pharmaceutical Applications – Recent Findings and Challenges
Authors: Mandloi Neelima , Vinchurkar Kuldeep , Mishra Dinesh K , Dixit Pankaj
Published: June 2022

3D Printing technology also known as Additive Manufacturing is a rapid prototyping process that construct solid product with various geometrics by successive layers of material by the use of Computer-Aided Design (CAD). The introduction of 3DP technology in the pharmaceutical industry has opened new horizons in the research and development of printed materials and devices. The main benefit of 3DP lies in the production of small batches of medicines each with tailored dosages, shape, size, and release characteristics. This paper presents the current status of research and development in 3DP technology, background and basic procedure involved in 3DP, main components and types of 3DP, different methods and polymers used, advantages, limitations, and applications of 3D printing technology.
Pharmacognostical Standardization and HPTLC Finger Print of Roots of Jasminum Auriculatum
Authors: Sreedevi Adikay , Sangeetha  , Kaveripakam Sai Sruth , Kamsali Murali Mohan Achari
Published: June 2022

Objectives: Jasminum auriculatum is a traditional medicinal plant that is valued for its benefits in the management of various diseases and disorders. Owing to its increasing ethnomedicinal relevance proper identification is essential to ameliorate its adulteration. In this view, the present study aimed to provide requisite Pharmacognostic details and HPTLC fingerprint profile for the roots of Jasminum auriculatum. 

Methodology: The study included the evaluation of morphological and microscopic characters, Physicochemical properties, Fluorescence analysis, Preliminary phytochemical studies, estimation of total flavonoid and phenolic content, and HPTLC fingerprint profiling. 

Results: The microscopic studies showed the presence of periderm with ovoid cells, thick cortical zone, Secondary phloem, and secondary xylem. The physicochemical studies aided in the assessment of quality control parameters. Fluorescence analysis imparted characteristic colors on the treatment of the root powder with various reagents. Preliminary phytochemical studies reported the presence of flavonoids, steroids, terpenoids, glycosides, saponins, tannins, and other phenolic compounds. The developed qualitative densitometric HPTLC fingerprint can be used as an identifying biochemical marker for ethanol extract of roots of Jasminum auriculatum. 

Conclusion: The current study provides the information and serves as a quality control parameter for the proper identification of roots of this medicinal plant thereupon bestowing to the scientific world of research.
STRATEGIC PLANNING OF THE RECREATIONAL AND TOURISM INDUSTRY DEVELOPMENT: THE UKRAINIAN EVIDENCE
Authors: Shpak Nestor , Bondarenko Yuliya , Sroka Włodzimierz , Kulyniak Ihor , Tsymbalista Nataliia , Prosovych Olha
Published: June 2022

The purpose of the study is to analyse the impact of the investment component on the development of the Recreational and Tourist Industry (RTI), and to perform a comprehensive analysis in order to elaborate a strategic development plan for the sector. Using the matrix method of research and mathematical method of rating, the general strategic direction of development of the recreational and tourism sphere of each region of Ukraine was estimated and chosen. We have developed a matrix "Recreational potential – RTI investment support", which consists of six quadrants and characterizes the long-term attractiveness of the recreational and tourist sphere and its investment level in the market of recreation, entertainment, and sports. The level of income per capita and the level of investment in collective accommodation facilities were investigated. This allowed to determine: (1) which regions need investments for the development of the recreational and tourist sphere as one of the priority areas; (2) which regions already have a sufficient level of cash flow in the recreational sphere, and finally,  (3) which regions need careful analysis with the following elaboration of an alternative direction for recreation development in these regions. Based on two indicators, i.e. investment level and recreational potential, a matrix consisting of 6 quadrants was constructed. All regions of Ukraine were classified in this matrix. The results of the study will have implications for the industry, allowing authorities of different levels to formulate a rational policy for the development of the tourism industry.
Quo Vadis Consumer Dispute Resolution? UK & EU cross border consumer dispute resolution in the post Brexit landscape
Authors: Salim Rhonson
Published: June 2022

The United Kingdom’s exit from the European Union challenges the existing framework for cross border consumer dispute resolution and exacerbates the negative effect of the EU’s harmonisation approach in this area. Both EU and UK consumers face an uncertain future after the transition period. This paper will analyse and evaluate key challenges to UK and EU consumer cross border dispute resolution after the transition period ended on 31 December 2020. The paper will consider procedural impediments to UK consumers enforcing consumer rights against EU/EEA traders as well as to EU consumers enforcing rights against UK traders. The paper will also consider the jurisdictional impact of UK’s status and its effect upon the reciprocal enforcement of consumer court judgments/ADR decisions between the EU and UK. Finally, the paper suggests that a Lugano+ approach would help to mitigate the impact of the impediments to effective consumer dispute resolution between EU and UK entities. In doing so, it first takes a preliminary look at the existing paradigm of cross border cooperation in consumer dispute resolution. The chapter also includes some thoughts on the normative clashes facing the creation of a new relationship in this area.
migración cubana desde el discurso periodístico de Granma y The New York Times: Análisis de la polarización ideológica
Authors: Alfonso Lara Roberto , Bermúdez Sánchez Madeleyne , Galañena León Yadán Crecencio
Published: June 2022

La presente investigación caracteriza la expresión de la ideología en el discurso periodístico de las ediciones digitales de Granma y The New York Times (en español) sobre el tema migratorio Cuba-Estados Unidos, de enero de 2016 a diciembre de 2017. Su muestra está compuesta por 23 trabajos, que atienden al conflicto migratorio de los cubanos por países de Centroamérica, al fin de la política de “pies secos, pies mojados” y a la suspensión de la emisión de visas en la Embajada de Estados Unidos en La Habana. La investigación se realiza desde una perspectiva cualitativa y constituye un estudio de mensaje. Aplica la propuesta teórico-metodológica del Análisis Ideológico del Discurso, de Van Dijk, enfocada en las estructuras ideológicas, la estrategia de polarización ideológica y las estructuras discursivas del nivel semántico. Los resultados evidencian que, aunque The New York Times construye su discurso desde un posicionamiento más cuestionador y analítico, ambos medios culpan del éxodo ilegal desde Cuba a sus grupos contrarios y exacerban la politización del tema migratorio Cuba-Estados Unidos.
Pengaruh Pendekatan Saintifik terhadap Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Peserta Didik pada Pembelajaran Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial
Authors: Eldi Mulyana
Published: June 2022

Kemampuan berpikir kritis merupakan kemampuan yang harus dimiliki oleh setiap peserta didik, kemampuan menghubungkan kognitif dengan dunia luar sehingga mampu membuat keputusan, pertimbangan, tindakan, dan keyakinan. Berdasarkan pra-penelitian menunjukan bahwa kemampuan berpikir kritis peserta didik masih rendah. Salah satu pendekatan yang dapat membantu meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis peserta didik yaitu dengan pendekatan saintifik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pendekatan saintifik terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis peserta didik. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif, jenis penelitian ini menggunakan quasy eskperimen, sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah peserta didik kelas VII SMP Asy-Syarifiyah Garut, tehnik pengambilan sampel menggunakan sample rondom sampling, dimana kelas VII-A merupakan kelas eksperimen dan kelas VII-B merupakan kelas kontrol penelitian dengan materi dinamika penduduk indonesia. Instrumen yang digunakan untuk kemampuan berpikir kritis adalah pilihan ganda. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan pengelolaan data menggunakan uji mann whitney diperoleh nilai Sig.0.021 dan α = 0,05 berarti Sig. < α, maka H0 ditolak dan Ha diterima. Artinya terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap Kemampuan berpikir kritis peserta didik selama pembelajaran yang diterapkan pada kelas eksperimen yaitu dengan menggunakan pendekatan saintifik (VII-A) lebih berpengaruh terhadap hasil belajar peserta didik dibandingkan dengan peserta didik yang tidak menggunakan pendekatan konvensional.