bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Role of Political Communication in Shaping Public Opinion: A Comparative Analysis of Traditional and Digital Media
Authors: Daud Rollyn Sofyan
Published: July 2023

The purpose of this cross-media analysis was to better understand how public opinion is influenced by political communication, and how it can be regulated and held accountable to better reflect political discourse in the media. A content analysis of news articles and social media posts, as well as surveys and a review of the pertinent literature, were used to collect data. Traditional media continue to play a significant role in influencing public opinion, but digital media have become a formidable tool for political communication, particularly among newer generations. Concerns regarding the propagation of false information and the impact of social media algorithms impede open and objective political discourse. There was unanimity that regulatory and accountability measures, such as media literacy programs and disclosure requirements for political advertisements, were required to ensure an honest and balanced media portrayal of political debate. These findings highlight the need for ongoing research and policymaking to address the dynamic character of political communication in the digital age.
Alunos surdos e aulas remotas, de forma bilíngue, na disciplina de ciências, no 8º ano do ensino fundamental
Authors: Da Silveira Cléa Furtado , Abreu Suzana Mendonça , Silveira Denise Nascimento
Published: July 2023

O estudo realizado no grupo de pesquisa da UFPel refere-se ao desenvolvimento de estratégias de ensino e aprendizagem, nas aulas remotas, da disciplina de Ciências, no 2º trimestre de 2020. Esta forma de ensino condicionada pelo agravamento da pandemia da covid-19 e o impedimento de as aulas acontecessem de forma presencial. A metodologia foi sendo construída, à medida que a execução das aulas aconteciam. O objetivo de averiguar o questionamento ‘é possível construir conhecimentos e manter o contato com e entre os alunos nesta forma de ensino?’ Com as observações e devolutivas dos estudantes e embasadas com os pensamentos dos estudiosos e teóricos, entre eles Gladis Perlin e Karen Strobel, pesquisadoras da temática surda, Marco Antônio Moreira, estudioso de Vygotsky, Filatro e Cavalcanti e as tecnologias. Constatou-se que foi possível manter os alunos em contato com as atividades escolares e construir conhecimentos. As atividades síncronas, videoconferências, promoveram a socialização de forma virtual, tão importante também para a construção de conceitos. Embora as aulas remotas não sejam tão eficientes quanto o ensino presencial, possibilitaram diminuir os danos causados pelo impedimento deste e permitiram a promoção de saberes.
Poluição ambiental relacionada aos gases anestésicos: uma análise quantitativa
Authors: Falcão Bruna Barreto , Esquef Raphael Fernandes de Brito , Pacheco Conceição de Maria Melo e Alvim , Araújo Marco Antônio Pereira , Cesario Carlos Roberto de Andrade , Queiroz Margareth Maria de Carvalho
Published: July 2023

Para que ocorra a redução do impacto à camada de ozônio causada pela eliminação dos gases anestésicos para a atmosfera, que são gases de efeito estufa de longa duração, é necessário que os aparelhos de anestesia estejam corretamente regulados e que obeçam a manutenção recomendada pelos órgãos reguladores. Objetivo: analisar com uso de ferramenta estatística a contribuição para poluição ambiental atribuída aos gases anestésicos usados para promover hipnose durante procedimentos cirúrgicos. Material e métodos: foram selecionados dois gases utilizados na indução anestésica: Sevoflurano e Protóxido. O estudo foi conduzido em 10 aparelhos de anestesia de um hospital do Estado do Rio de Janeiro constituindo assim o total de 10 amostras por gás. Foram realizados testes estatísticos apropriados para a comparação das médias, a partir da natureza dos dados. A um nível de significância de 5%, o estudo demonstrou que as médias foram equivalentes neste caso, ou seja, não existe diferença significativa entre as médias dos dois grupos. Este resultado, para ser generalizado, carece de novas análises experimentais. Conclusão: estes resultados condizem com o esperado, pois diferentes aparelhos de anestesia operando com os gases Sevoflurano e Protóxido não estão sendo calibrados de acordo com as normas específicas que visam estabelecer parâmetros intervalados seguros para manutenção de escapamentos de gases anestésicos para o meio ambiente, e desta forma contribuindo para o aquecimento global.
Análise estatística do descarte de materiais infectantes e não infectantes no ambiente de centro cirúrgico
Authors: Freire Nathália Fagundes de Freitas , Araújo Marco Antônio Pereira , De Freitas Rafaela Fagundes , Falcão Bruna Barreto , Pacheco Conceição de Maria Melo e Alvim , Queiroz Margareth Maria de Carvalho
Published: July 2023

Os resíduos de serviços de saúde são de natureza heterogênea e necessitam de uma classificação para a segregação desses resíduos que pertencem ao grupo A, que são resíduos com a possível presença de agentes biológicos, que apresentam risco à saúde pública ou ao meio ambiente, dependendo de suas características podem apresentar risco de infecção. No ambiente do centro cirúrgico, frequentemente os profissionais lidam com material potencialmente infectado, oriundos dos fluidos corpóreos dos pacientes, fato que já demonstra a importância do manejo adequado destes resíduos. Este trabalho teve como objetivo analisar com uso de ferramenta estatística o descarte de materiais infectantes e não infectantes utilizados nos procedimentos cirúrgicos e anestésicos em um centro cirúrgico realizado pelos profissionais de saúde. Na metodologia foram avaliados o descarte dos materiais utilizados durante cada procedimento cirúrgico em uma sala de cirurgia. O estudo foi conduzido em dez procedimentos cirúrgicos. Foram realizados testes de normalidade e a partir da estatística descritiva, houve análise das médias. Os resultados foram considerados significativos para p < 0,05. A partir da análise estatística encontrou-se que os dados não aprestavam distribuição normal, e as médias dos descartes errôneos entre os resíduos eram diferentes. Estes resultados condizem com o esperado, uma vez que os diferentes fatores interferem no descarte dos materiais, como a desinformação dos profissionais por falta de treinamento, a falta de identificação dos locais para descarte dos materiais e o maior número de locais para descarte de resíduos infectantes no centro cirúrgico.
Ethical Concerns for the Globaltechnological Societies: Some Observations
Authors: Verma Jyoti
Published: July 2023

Some ethical concerns are addressed that seem to have been omitted as the

technologically advanced global world goes about its regular business. The following

issues have been touched on: ‘Bypassing the conscious behavior choices and the

dangers of compulsive use of digital technology,’ ‘the morally insensitive world of

technology-backed marketing and advertisement,’ ‘some ethical matters for the

digitally connected global village and globalization-influenced atmosphere,” and

‘the moral concerns of the economic growth of emerging economies in a technologyloaded

world.’ It occurs that the addressed topics have a pattern. For instance,

compulsive indulgence and proclivity for addiction to technology get pronounced as

mindful or conscious engagement with digital gadgets and the internet are

progressively trivialized. Additionally, technology-savvy globalized societies have

the tendency to subscribe to hedonistic leanings, giving significant importance to

personal space and the freedom to decide one’s lifestyle and time utilization. The

danger dawns when technology becomes detrimental for behavior, interaction,

relationships, and business, and the user starts experiencing the adverse impact of

imprudent use of technology on his or her physical and psychological wellbeing and

social world. Similarly, the matter becomes of concern when the commercial world

decides to disregard the righteous goal of income generation (i.e., purusharth),

conceptualized as inseparable from the concepts of dharma, or duty, and social

responsibility. Lastly, when the values and normative standards of the technologically

advanced affluent countries are adopted senselessly by the emerging economies rich

in cultural wisdom and indigenous traditions, it is time for contemplation.
The role of alterations in the functioning of epigenetic machinery on thedevelopment and progression of clear cell renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Wilga Magdalena , Maassen Anna , Łuba Maciej , Szurmak Jakub , Sarnowski Tomasz J.
Published: July 2023

Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is a very aggressive disease, thecause of which is not yet fully understood. Due to high resistance to treatment,resulting in high mortality, it is necessary to develop new, moreeffective targeted therapies based on the study of cancer mechanisms inccRCC. In ccRCC, abnormalities of metabolism and reprogramming ofgene expression as well as epigenetic changes in chromatin are observed.Mutations or epigenetic changes in several genes related to epigeneticmodifications and chromatin remodeling are responsible for the initiationof the carcinogenesis in ccRCC. These proteins form a system thatinfluences the availability of particular DNA sequences to other proteinsrelated to transcription, replication, recombination and repair. Mutationsin genes encoding subunits of the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complexor epigenetic silencing of their expression have been found in variouscancer types. The conducted studies have shown that ccRCC is characterizedby a disturbance in the expression of genes encoding tumorsuppressors a subunit of the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex.Studies on the participation of the core INI1 subunit of the SWI/SNF complex in ccRCC have shown that the disturbance of the expressionlevel of these genes may be caused by mechanisms other than onlymutations. The data available in the literature and obtained in the project5/XVII/18 financed by the Polpharma Scientific Foundation clearly indicatethat epigenetic mechanisms play an important role in the control ofmachinery involved in the regulation of gene expression and they are asimportant as mutations.
Kasgot (Bekas Kotoran Magot) Sebagai Alternatif Pupuk Organik dan Media Tanam Cabai Merah Keriting (Capsicum annum L.)
Authors: Triwijayani Ade Utari , Lahom Akvila Widiawanti , Bana Frumentia Milana Edesia , Saputra Purnama Hadi , Narendra Kevin Desta , Sihombing Elsa Pegenari , Elfatma Olivia
Published: July 2023

Kasgot merupakan hasil dari media budidaya maggot dan termasuk bahan organik yang relatif baru untuk digunakan sebagai campuran media tanam dibandingkan kotoran hewan, namun sifatnya dalam mendukung persemaian cabai belum banyak diketahui. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui pengaruh pupuk organik kasgot pada pertumbuhan tanaman cabai merah keriting (capsicum annum L.). Hasil analisis mengunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan media tanam sebagai kontrol dan 6 sampel kasgot dengan dosis yang berbeda. Penelitian melakukan 5 perlakuan yaitu: 100 gram/500gram media tanam, 150 gram/500gram media tanam, 200 gram/500gram media tanam, 250 gram/500gram media tanam, dan 300gram media tanam. Parameter yang diamati meliputi tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, dan warna daun yang di ukur pada awal penanaman hingga 2 minggu. Dari penelitian ini kami mendapat dosis kasgot yang baik untuk pertumbuhan tanaman cabai merah keriting yang optimal yaitu pada dosis 100gram dan 150gram kasgot. Maka dari itu kesimpulan yang kami dapat yaitu kasgot dapat memberikan pengaruh pada pertumbuhan tanaman cabai dan dosis optimum untuk tanaman cabai yaitu 100gram dan 150gram yang teramati dari tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun dan warna daun.)
Predicting Public Servants’ Organizational Citizenship Behavior through Work-Life Balance Initiatives: Evidence from Medics in Tanzania’s Government Hospitals
Authors:   University of Dar es Salaam Business School, Mella Castissima , Sanga John ,   University of Dar es Salaam Business School, Kessy Severine ,   University of Dar es Salaam Business School
Published: July 2023

Despite gaining substantial recognition and being highly advocated for adoption, the concepts of work-life balance and organizational citizenship behavior are still underresearched in the public service, especially in developing countries. This study examines the influence of work-life balance on dimensions of organizational citizenship behavior among medical staff members in Tanzania. A cross-sectional survey was employed to collect data from 335 stratified randomly selected medics working in hospitals operating under Local Government Authorities. The CovarianceBased Structural Equation Modelling technique was used in data analysis with the help of Amos software version 21. Results show that work-life balance initiatives have a positive and significant influence on organizational citizenship behavior. The study findings provide evidence of the applicability of the link between work-life balance and organizational citizenship behavior, as postulated in Social Exchange Theory, in the public service which is under-researched. The study implication for different stakeholders is presented at the end of the paper.
VALIDATION OF ABORIGINAL KNOWLEDGE ON PESTICIDAL FLORA IN SOUTHERN AND HIGH PRECIPITATION ZONE OF TAMIL NADU AGAINST Spodoptera litura (F). (NOCTUIDAE: LEPIDOPTERA)
Authors: THULASI S. , ARIVUDAINAMBI S.
Published: July 2023

In vitro experiments were conducted against Spodoptera litura to assess the antifeedant and insecticidal potential of aqueous extracts of twenty five plants collected from the southern and high precipitation zone of Tamil Nadu. It was identified that Wrightia tinctoria exhibited maximum potency with the concentration of 5% to give 87.24% antifeedancy accompanied by Cipadessa baccifera (85.51%) and Dodonaea viscosa (81.03%). Insecticidal activity was more pronounced in Glorisa superba and Wrightia tinctoria caused 99.99 and 99.99 % larval mortality at 2% concentration respectively.
DISTRIBUTION OF FOUR-HORNED ANTELOPE (Tetracerus quadricornis) AT RANGAYYANADURGA WILDLIFE SANCTUARY, KARNATAKA, SOUTHERN INDIA
Authors: ASHA B. S. , KUMARA VIJAYA
Published: July 2023

The pattern of distribution, probability and abundance of the Four-horned antelope (Tetracerus quadricornis) was studied at Rangayyanadurga Wildlife Sanctuary situated in Jagaluru taluk, Davanagere district, Karnataka the study area is said to be a unique refuge for Four-horned antelope one of the smallest Asian bovids, found only in India and Nepal. The study aimed to detect probability, by block count, line, and road transect method to analyze the qualitative distribution of map and abundance of four-horned antelope at Rangayyanadurga Wildlife Sanctuary. The species were found in all three beats of the Sanctuary; both direct and indirect counts were used to plot the distribution map. During the systematic surveys, a total number of 128 direct/indirect signs, 25 individuals in 22 sightings, and 33 defecation sights were reported. The estimated detection probability of the species lies between 0.657±0.004 and the mean group size 1.13/km by direct sighting in transects. According to the result, this species is solitary or semi-solitary by distributing the presence range from 1-to 2 individuals. However, the habitat preference was high in a thorny shrub (~ 45.45 % of observations) as compared to (~27.27% sightings) grassland, dry deciduous (~18.18% of sightings), and agricultural land (~9.09 % of sightings). The area has been found at the edge of its ecological range in a Rangayyanadurga Wildlife Sanctuary. The research emphasizes the primarily prepared distribution map of the FHA by using Arc-GIS 10.3 in the sanctuary for habitat management and conservation.
TECHNIQUES OF PROTECTING CROPS FROM INSECT PESTS IN INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT – INTERCROPPING AND TRAP CROPPING
Authors: LALA ARBUD
Published: July 2023

Intercropping and trap cropping are two cornerstone practices adopted under cultural control in preventive integrated pest management. The added crop diversity by implementing these techniques in the field level helps in supporting ecological engineering process to suppress pest population in a greener way.  The main target of these methods is the deterrence of colonization to control insect pests through intra field diversity.  However, complete knowledge about the crop and pest relationship, ecology, ways and effects of habitat manipulation should be known by analyzing the agroecosystem to get an absolute advantage prior of implementation. Thus, ongoing researches on the choice of suitability of proper crops aim in utilizing this integrated knowledge to produce a cost-effective system and lowering the pest population both together to make it a lucrative model qualitatively and quantitatively. To be specific, this paper aims to give a thorough discussion about these two techniques up to the field implementation level and the challenging regions like higher weather dependency, less effectiveness as a sole control technique etc.  are also discussed to get an idea about where we need to improve to make these working with higher efficiency.
EVALUATION OF NODULE AND NITROGEN PRODUCTION PERFORMANCE OF Vicia faba L. VARIETIES ON SOIL FERTILITY IN HADIYA ZONE, SOUTHERN ETHIOPIA
Authors: MADOLO MULATU CHERNET
Published: July 2023

Nitrogen-fixing legumes are an essential component of healthy soil for long-term crop Reduced soil fertility and deterioration of agricultural production potential are major impediments to poverty alleviation in many impoverished areas. Nitrogen-fixing legumes are an important part of a healthy soil for long-term crop production systems. To improve soil fertility, an experiment was carried out to evaluate the nodulation and N fixation potential of faba bean variety legumes grown in two districts. Six composite soil samples were collected from each site at depths ranging from 0 to 30 cm. The soil samples were taken from fields that were known to grow continuous cereal crops. As a result, the experiment was carried out in the RCBD under field conditions, with three field replication soils. Before and after sowing, soil parameters were investigated. The effect of two district levels revealed that soil properties prior to planting were significant (P<0.05) for all parameters investigated. Nodule, atmospheric nitrogen, nodule color inside soil N and N, and plant dry matter content were measured for Hachalu and Dosha. The study revealed a significant value (P<0.05), and Hachalu had a higher value for the parameters studied under Duna soil than Dosha with the same parameters. Similarly, Dosha recorded higher values for the parameters studied in Lemo District soils than in Hachalu soils. As a result of this research, we can conclude that growing Hachalu on the Duna District soil and Dosha on the Lemo District soil would improve soil fertility quickly and inexpensively, thereby increasing crop productivity.
DISTRIBUTION OF ABO BLOOD GROUP AMONG SOCIO-ECONOMICALLY BACKWARD COMMUNITY OF BIRAUL BLOCK OF DARBHANGA DISTRICT, BIHAR, INDIA
Authors: ROY CHANDRA KISHOR , JHA AJAY NATH
Published: July 2023

The demand for blood and blood products has increased due to advances in medical science, Population growth and increased life expectancy. Due to this the aim of present study to determine the ABO blood group system of various community of Biraul block. Blood samples were collected by door to door survey. The frequencies of ABO blood group distribution indicated blood group B was predominant in three Castes i.e. Dusadh, Chamar and Pasi followed by O, A and AB respectively. While in Brahman and Mallah, blood group O was predominant followed B,A and AB respectively. This study helps us to know the exact distribution of blood group in various castes of Biraul block of Darbhanga.
EFFECT OF PRE-CONCEPTIONAL EMOTIONAL STRESS OF PARENTS ON THE HPG AXIS OF OFFSPRING
Authors: HALOUI MERIEM , BENKERMICHE SABRI , CHEBBAH FELLA , DJOUINI AMINA , BAIRI ABDELMADJID
Published: July 2023

Introduction: The most of studies have focused on the effects of different types of stressors on the health of the mother as well as on her offspring. But no study has investigated the emotional stress applied before gestation, and its effects on the HPG axis of offspring. Our experiment aims to elucidate the effects and the transmission of stress, experienced before pregnancy from mother to offspring and to see whether this stress persists into adulthood or not.

Materials and Methods: Chronic restraint stress (emotional stress), it was applied an hour's time each day, for four days a week, over a period of five weeks before gestation. Female rats were placed in perforated plastic cylinders. Our study was carried out on the offspring (males and females) at the age of 65 days, and then was decapitated, the blood was collected and the gonads were weighed.

Results: Steroid hormones and gonads: Female offspring; results show a highly significant increase of progesterone compared to controls offspring at the adulthood, on the other hand, a significant decrease of the relative weight of ovaries.

Male offspring; a highly significant decrease in the concentration of testosterone, and a highly significant decrease of the relative weight of testicles.

Glycemia: showed a very highly significant increase in the stressed offspring males and females compared to the control’s offspring.

Conclusion: The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal HPA axis of stressed mothers was disrupted, leading to disruption of the Hypothalamic-pituitary- gonadal HPG axis of the offspring.
PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS OF ANTERIOR-POSTERIOR PATTERNING PROTEINS IN DIFFERENT SPECIES OF Drosophila (Diptera: Drosophilidae)
Authors: MOUDGIL ANSHIKA , KAUR TEJINDER
Published: July 2023

Drosophila melanogaster has always been the favourite organism for studying insect biology. Most of our understanding regarding insect development comes from this organism. Previous studies have revealed the role of many different proteins in the axes formation of the Drosophila embryo. The role of Hunchback, Kruppel, Giant, Knirps, Caudal, Hairy, Even-skipped, Odd Skipped, Fushi-tarazu, Wingless, and Engrailed and other proteins have already been established in the development of D. melanogaster. While most of the research work has been carried out on D. melanogaster, the other species belonging to the genus Drosophila have gotten a little attention. It would be interesting to understand how the proteins involved in insect development evolved in different species of this genus. Therefore, the present study was carried out to analyse phylogenetic relationships and sequence variation among seven different Drosophila species using sequences of thirteen different proteins involved in anterior-posterior patterning in the Drosophila embryo. The MEGA XI software was used for the phylogenetic analysis which revealed that Drosophila melanogaster was the most recently diverged species as far as the A-P patterning proteins are concerned. Maximum variable sites were observed in Hunchback and the minimum in Wingless.
LIPOLYTIC ACTIVITY DURING METAMORPHOSIS OF Maruca vitrata (FABRICIUS)
Authors: JADHAV S. A. , GEJAGE R. M.
Published: July 2023

Lipolytic activity during metamorphosis of Maruca vitrata (Fabricius) has been attempted. The maximum activity was observed in 5th day old pupa of M. vitrata.Lipolytic activity gradually increased from 1 to 5 day and decreased from 6 to 8-day pupae of M. vitrata. The main sources of energy and structural component during histogenesis are lipid. The physiological role of lipase during metamorphosis of M. vitrata is discussed.
RETRACTED: SEQUENCE ANALYSIS OF MITOCHONDRIAL CYTOCHROME C OXIDASE I GENE IN CATFISHES: AN INSIGHT INTO BARCODING AND PHYLOGENY
Authors: IMRAN MOHD , AHMAD ARIF , PARWEZ IQBAL
Published: July 2023

The standard methodology of DNA barcoding consists of clustering a taxonomic group using the Neighbour-joining (NJ) clustering method, which utilizes the divergence gap between species as a yardstick of species differentiation. With this approach, the present study is framed to decipher the divergence trend in catfish species - Clarias batrachus, C. gariepinus, Heteropneustes fossilis, Sperata seenghala, Wallago attu and Rita rita. The partial segment of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I subunit gene was used as the molecular marker of investigation. The intraspecific and interspecific divergence values were compared where a considerable gap was found between them. The average intraspecific divergence was found to be < 1%, while the average interspecific divergence found in the range of 16-24% which encompasses the divergence even at the family level. The NJ clustering has differentiated these species and has also shown phylogenetic insights as well. The species relatedness which appeared in NJ clustering was then reconfirmed using the Maximum likelihood (ML) approach with bootstrap support to trace their phylogenetic relationship. Interestingly, both NJ and ML clustering were found parallel, which assured the presence of phylogenetic signals in NJ tree too. Our study has successfully shown the role of intraspecific and interspecific divergence in species differentiation in catfishes, and simultaneously highlights the appearance of phylogenetic relationships in the NJ tree. A more comprehensive way of sampling is also discussed that could assist in looking deep into the divergence role to differentiate higher taxonomic levels.

 

Retraction Notice: This paper has been retracted from the journal after receipt of written complains regarding authorship dispute. This journal is determined to promote integrity in research publication. This retraction is in spirit of the same. After formal procedures editor(s) and publisher have retracted this paper on 19th December-2022.
EFFECT OF SEX, SEASON, AND SIZE ON THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF RED SEA GOATFISH Parupeneus forsskali (Fourmanoir and Guézé, 1976) CAUGHT FROM THE MARINE WATER OF LATTAKIA GOVERNORATE (SYRIA)
Authors: BARAKAT ISSA , SAAD ADIB , NISAFI IBRAHIM
Published: July 2023

The effects of seasonal and sexual differences and Total Lenght on the chemical composition of the Red Sea goatfish Parupeneus forsskali caught from the marine waters of Lattakia Governorate were investigated. Moisture, crude protein, crude fat, and ash were determined as a percentage of the fish muscles. The results revealed that the autumn season was the highest in terms of nutritional components (protein 22.08%, fat 9.78%, ash 2.42% of fresh fish muscle), While the Summer season was the lowest (protein 19.32%, fat 5.46%, ash 1.20%). The results also showed the superiority of females in the values of the nutritional components over males, where the values were for females (protein 22.3%, fat 8.9%) and males (protein 20.7%, fat 6.8%), while The results also showed the superiority of males in the values of ash over females of ash (male 1.5%, female 1.3%). Regarding the body length factor, the results showed a significant positive relationship between an increase in Total length and an increase in protein and fat and a significant inverse relationship with both ash and moisture content.
A STUDY ON THE MUD PUDDLING ACTIVITY OF BUTTERFLIES IN ALAGARKOVIL HILLS, MADURAI, TAMIL NADU, INDIA
Authors: GANESWARI C. , KAVIBHARATHI P. , MEENAKSHI P. , PREETHI S. , RAJENDRAN PRIYATHARSINI
Published: July 2023

Butterflies are one of the most remarkable creatures of nature, which exhibits an interesting behavior called puddling. The term puddling is used to describe the supplementary feeding of minerals and salts from mud puddles, excrement and carrion. The mud puddling activity of lepidopterans have great significance in influencing the nutritional and reproductive status of the insects. This study aims to record the mud puddling activity of butterflies in Alagarkovil hills, a reserve forest area with rich biodiversity and high anthropogenic activity; and test the soil sample for various minerals and salts to understand the importance of mud puddling in the reproductive behavior of butterflies. The survey of butterflies was done on six sites in the Alagarkovil hills, from July 2017- January 2018 on sunny days, between 0800-1600 hrs, thrice a week using the transect method. A total of 111 species belonging to six families were recorded during the study period, of which the Lycaenidae, Nymphalidae and Pieridae families were mostly found to exhibit mud puddling. In agreement with previous findings, greater numbers of male butterflies were found to participate in mud puddling. Among the six study sites, the mud puddling activity was predominant in the site with copious puddles. The soil analysis of the mud puddling sites showed the presence of salts like sodium and potassium, metal ions like manganese, iron and copper, macro elements like phosphorus, nitrogen and carbon. The percentage of sodium and potassium were found to be higher, which were reported to be the chief elements consumed during mud puddling. The alkaline pH of the soil was found to favor the puddling activity. All these abiotic factors play a significant role in the nutritional and reproductive biology of the butterflies, which can be monitored to assess the community status and diversity of butterflies in an area. Conservation of mud puddling sites could help restore the biodiversity index of the butterflies.
IDENTIFICATION OF DIFFERENTIALLY REGULATED microRNAs IN A GENETICALLY OBESE RAT MODEL AND THEIR AFFINITIES TO POTENTIAL TARGET GENES
Authors: KOTTURU SANDEEP KUMAR , BANERJEE AMIT KUMAR , GHOSH SUDIP
Published: July 2023

Obesity and diabetes are some of the most prevalent non-communicable disease conditions that claimed a heavy toll on life in recent years. Understanding the complex molecular mechanism of onset and progress of obesity is important for developing appropriate therapeutics. Several studies on mouse and rat models established the essential and regulating roles of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the pathophysiology of obesity and diabetes. Using an indigenous obese rat model (WNIN-Ob), we aimed to identify differentially expressed miRNAs and possible targeting capability of those miRNAs for selected important genes associated with obesity and diabetes. Several miRNAs were found to be up-regulated and down-regulated in the adipose and liver tissue of WNIN-Ob rats. Simultaneously, miRNA-target gene network analyses revealed that ARNT2, mTOR, CAPN10, IRS1 were some of the most important selected genes that were targeted by the up-regulated and down-regulated miRNAs. The information reported herein may help in further understanding the mechanisms of development of obesity and future miRNA-based therapeutics.
GENE EXPRESSION ANALYSIS OF Aerva javanica AND Parkinsonia aculeata SYNTHESIZED GOLD NANOPARTICLES IN BREAST AND COLON CANCER CELL LINES
Authors: DAS PRADIP , LATHA M. BAVANI
Published: July 2023

Synthesis of gold and silver nanoparticles from plants and its usages showing alternative treatment methods for various diseases. Cancer drugs conjugated nanoparticle drug delivery showing 50% more effective in cancer treatment compared to cancer drug alone. In our present study, Synthesized the AuNPs from Aerva javanica and Parkinsonia aculeata extract and studied the p53, caspase-3, Caspase-9 and NF-kB gene expression in MCF 7 and CaCO2 cell lines by real-time PCR. Downregulation of gene expression was observed in Aerva javanica AuNPs and Parkinsonia aculeata AuNPs treated cells of MCF 7 and CaCO2. Based on present results concluding the Aerva javanica AuNPs have more anticancer activity against to breast and colon cancer cell lines and further studies to be need in other cancers also.
IMPROVEMENT OF WATER QUALITY AND BREEDING OF SIAMESE FIGHTING FISH (BETTA SPLENDENS REGAN) USING INDIAN ALMOND (TERMINALIA CATAPPA) LEAVES
Authors: GALLANO RANDY M. , JR. MIGUEL D. VISCA
Published: July 2023

The Siamese fighting fish (Betta splendens Regan) is considered as one of the most famous aquarium fishes in the world. Despite the dozens of popular articles and increasing scientific investigations on this exciting species, accounts dealing with reproductive behavior are noticeably lacking in quantitative description and are sometimes contradictory. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of Indian Almond (Terminalia catappa) leaves in the water quality parametersand breeding of B. splendens. A completely randomized design was usedin the study having four treatments with three replications. There were 12 experimental units with these notations in each Treatment: T1 (no leaf), T2 (1 leaf), T3 (2 leaves), and T4 (4 leaves) per aquarium with a dimension of 12 x 12 x 10 inches at 12L water volume and stocked with 24breeders (male & female), respectively. The result showed that the water quality parameters were found within the optimum range in all Treatments. The water pH and dissolved oxygen in T4 obtained the best result compared to other Treatments and had a highly significant difference (P<.001) observed. Furthermore, T4 positively promoted breeders to spawn at a hatching rate (HR) of 0.45%, then T3 with 0.07%. In addition, T3 and T4 obtained 100% survival rate (SR)while T2 and T1 with 83.33% and 66.67% SR. The HR and SR of  B. splendens showed no significant differencein all treatments. Moreover, the application of Indian Almond (T. catappa) leaves can improve water quality, encourage breeding, promote spawning, survival, and hatching of Siamese fighting fish.
A STUDY ON THE EVALUATION OF PROXIMATE, FATTY ACID AND AMINO ACID PROFILE OF TWO SPECIES OF PUMPKIN USING ADVANCED TECHNIQUES
Authors: VIDHYA C. S. , LOGANATHAN M. , BHUVANA S. , WADJE PRANAV , RAJAMANI MEENATCHI
Published: July 2023

Cucurbita maxima and Cucurbita pepo are two popular species of pumpkin being consumed in India. The C. maxima seed is reported to have medicinal and pharmacological value such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-microbial activity. Nutritional composition of pulp, peel and seed of two species of pumpkin C. maxima and C. pepo were analysed. Carbohydrate (20.670.48%), protein (21.220.50%), fat (23.580.72%), fibre (52.380.61%), and energy content (311.550.56 Kcal/100g) were all present in large amounts in the C. maxima seed when compared to the seed of C. pepo species, the seed contains carbohydrate (02.620.01%), protein (20.480.61%), fat (17.850.55%), fibre (46.650.84%), and energy (229.580.75 Kcal/100g), respectively. The peel, pulp and seed of C. maxima had high total sugar and reducing sugar content. Vitamin C was found in the seed and pulp of C. maxima whereas in case of C. pepo it was present only in the pulp. The pulp and peel of C. maxima had significant amount of minerals such as Ca, Fe, Mn, Na, K, Cu, while Zn, Mg, K and P were found in the seed of C. maxima compared to C. pepo. The seed of C. maxima was higher in unsaturated fatty acid while saturated fatty acids were abundant in the seed of C. pepo seed.  Essential amino acid profile of C. maxima was higher than C. pepo. Nutritional profile of C. maxima was found to be superior as compared to C. pepo.
CHECKLIST OF INDIAN FAIRYFLY (HYMENOPTERA: MYMARIDAE) PARASITOIDS: AN UPDATE
Authors: ATHITHYA A. , MANICKAVASAGAM S.
Published: July 2023

Fairyflies are internal, egg parasitoids (except two species) of agriculturally important insect pests belonging to Cicadellidae and Delphacidae. The checklist of Indian Mymaridae is updated by including two genera 31 new species, first report of 18 species from India, synonymization of five species and misidentification of seven species. As of now, the Indian mymarid fauna is known by 232 species under 39 genera. In addition, details of their distribution in India and also the places where the types are deposited are included in the checklist.
NEUROSECRETION IN OLIGOCHAETES - A LESS STUDIED SUBJECT IN INVERTEBRATE RESEARCH
Authors: CHAUDHURI PRIYASANKAR
Published: July 2023

The concept of neurosecretion was first developed by Ernst Scharrer (1905-1965) and Berta Scharrer (1906-1995) between 1928 and 1937. The neurosecretory cells are neuronal in structure and glandular in function. Typically, the neurosecretory cells are “tear drop” in appearance with a long axon. The neurosecretory products (neurosecretion/neurohormone) are proteinaeous in nature which is consistent with the ultrastructure of the cells

In earthworm species, irrespective of their ecological categories, the neurosecretory cells in their distribution, structure and functions in the central nervous system are more or less similar in different species of earthworms. The central nervous system in tropical earthworms reveals mainly two types of neurosecretory cells: A type (outer cortical tier of deeply stained AF positive cells with distinct axonal processes) and B type (light stained cells lying in between A type cells and central fibrous neuropile). In addition to A and B cells, an “islet” of neurosecretory cells called S cells or Hubl cells are present at the base of circum esophageal connectives of subesophageal ganglia. Both A and B cells discharge their secretion (neurohormone) at the margin of highly vascularised fibrous neuropile called “zone of accumulation” which may be considered as “elementary neuro-haemal organ”. Neurosecretion in Oligochaetes has great role in food intake, osmoregulation, thermal acclimation, regeneration, copulation and cocoon production.
EVALUATION OF THE EFFICACY OF Brassica oleracea L. ALCOHOLIC EXTRACT ON THE LEVELS OF D3 AND ANTIOXIDANTS IN ALBINO MALE RATS DOSED WITH PARACETAMOL
Authors: RASOUL WAFAA MOHAMMED RIDHA ABDEL , JWAD SAHER MAHMOOD
Published: July 2023

The Aim: The study included assessment of biochemical parameters such as levels of vitamin D3, reduced and oxidized glutathione, malondialdehyde and lipid peroxide.

Place and Duration of Study: This study was carried out in the animal house of the Faculty of Education for Girls / University of Kufa, from 1/10/2021 to 1/12/2021.

Study Design:  as twenty-eight male albino rats of the Sprague Dawley strain were followed at the age of three months to evaluate the protective efficiency of the alcoholic extract of the Brassica oleracea flowers against paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity.

Methodology: Rats' weights were between 216-246, divided into 4 groups in each group, 7 rats. The first group was dosed orally with tap water, which is the control group, and the second group was treated with paracetamol at a concentration of 2000 mg / kg orally, the third group was administrated with the alcoholic extract of Brassica oleracea flowers at a concentration of 500 mg/kg + paracetamol at a concentration of 2000 mg / kg orally as well, and with regard to the last group, only the alcoholic extract was given, where the dosing process lasted for 60 days ,once a day.

Results :  The study included assessment of biochemical parameters such as levels of vitamin D3, reduced and oxidized glutathione, malondialdehyde and lipid peroxide. The results of the statistical analysis recorded a significant (P<0.05) decrement in the levels of vitamin D3, reduced and oxidized glutathione, in contrast, a notable (P<0.05) increase in the levels of malondialdehyde and lipid peroxide in the group that was submitted to paracetamol when compared with the control group and the rest of the experimental groups. As for the group that was subjected to the extract only, it showed a significant (P<0.05) increment in the levels of vitamin D3, reduced and oxidized glutathione, and conversely a remarkable decrease (P<0.05) in the levels of malondialdehyde and lipid peroxide compared with the control group.

Conclusion: The conclusion is that the alcoholic extract of Brassica oleracea flowers has shown a preventive activity against the pathological effects of paracetamol, possibly due to its chemical antioxidant contents.
EVALUATION OF ECONOMIC CHARACTERS OF C2 BREED OF ERI SILKWORM (Samia ricini, DONOVAN) REARED ON CASTOR (Ricinus communis) AND KESSERU (Heteropanax fragrans ROXB.) FOOD PLANT
Authors: PARBIN HENA , AHMED ANJELA , CHUTIA BHUBAN CHANDRA , NATH CHIDANANDA , SAIKIA BISWAJIT
Published: July 2023

Eri-silkworm Samia ricini (Donovan) is multivoltine and polyphagus in nature that can feed on various food plants and the yield of silkworm largely depends on the availability and supply of preferred food plants having good agronomics and nutritional value. Among all food plants, castor (Ricinus communis) is the primary food plant for eri-silkworm and kesseru stands second. The rearing performance of a high yielding breed of eri-silkworm C2 developed by central silk board, CMER&TI, Ladoigarh, Jorhat also differ significantly when reared on different food plants. As successful production of eri silk rely on nutritive value of castor leaves and the economic parameters of eri silkworm are influenced by the food plant and their nutritive contents. Thus the study evaluation of economic characters of C2 breed of Eri-silkworm (Samia ricini, Donovan) reared on castor (Ricinus communis) and kesseru (Heteropanax fragrans) food plant was carried out in the laboratory of Nowgong College and all the quantitative parameters are noted accordingly. The results of the study revealed that performance of C2 breed with Castor leaves and it shows higher productivity in larval and cocoon parameters in comparison to Kesseru as a food plant.
ANALYSIS OF MILLICOMPOST AND ITS EFFECTS ON PLANT GROWTH
Authors: RAMANATHAN B. , GNANAMANI R.
Published: July 2023

Millicomposting is a novel green technique used to produce organic compost from organic waste with the aid of specific millipede species. It is one of the economically and environmentally friendly methods of organic waste processing. Millicomposting is a newly becoming organic solid waste management strategies. The present research work was carried with the objective exploring the millicomposting processing. In this experiment, the kitchen vegetable waste of Yadava college hostel was processed by two millipede species, Aulacobolus newtoni and Arthrosphaera dalyi. The macronutrients such as carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and calcium were evaluated in millicompost and conventional compost and assessed the growth efficiency of plant, Solanum lycopersicum. Results:  The nutrient status and growth efficiency of millicompost processed by millipede species produced from kitchen waste were more than conventional compost. Moreover, the millicompost produced by Arthrosphaera dalyi processed higher nutrients and growth efficiency than that of Aulacobolus newtoni. This study promising that millicomposting is an ecofriendly method to solve the acute problem of solid waste.
AN EPIDEMIOLOGICAL SURVEY ON INSECTICIDES WHICH AFFECTS THE POLLINATORS
Authors: AARTHI N. , ASHMITHA E. , RAMYA B. , SANDHIYA S. , RAKSHANA S.
Published: July 2023

Insect pollinators play a vital role in the ecosystem.  Pollinators visit different wild plants and crops for their feed. Recently the pollinators are under great threat and their reduction in population may lead to profound economic and environmental consequences. Here, we strongly insist that various anthropogenic activities – degradation of forest, pesticide and insecticide use, climate change. To try and understand the link between pesticide use on pollinator communities, and how this might impact on their population reduction or loss, we took a complementary approach of survey by preparing a questionnaire with 20 basic questions. The survey was taken in and around Coimbatore and Tirupur district to collect the information like the usage of nature of pesticides and insecticides. At times the synthetic pesticides may be directly or indirectly affecting the insects based on the nature of the chemicals. The outcome of the survey was about how the usage of certain insecticide affects the pollinators life cycle directly or indirectly. The pollinating insects were not targeted directly but as non- target species they are affected a lot.  It is need of the hour to concentrate and conserve the pollinators as per the thought of the great scientist Albert Einstein: “If the bee disappears from the surface of the Earth, man would have no more than four years left to live.”
VARIATION IN SHAFT AND MEDULLARY DIAMETER OF PRIMATE’S HEAD HAIR
Authors: CHANDA SUDESNA
Published: July 2023

The three major histological components of hair are the shaft, the medulla and the cuticle. These properties have long been utilized to evaluate the nature and significance of personal identification. In human as well as in higher animal sexual dimorphism is an important key for personal identification. The present study attempted to understand the variation of some qualitative variables of hair within different species and between different primates Genus and to identify the sexual dimorphisms within different Species. Since Sexual Dimorphism is one of the major features of evolution sex differences in terms of different histomorphological and quantitative variables might be of basic interest for partial understanding of the evolutionary process. In order to understand that species specific variation and sexual dimorphism, medullary and shaft diameter of human and some non human primates were examined and measured in this present study. Results indicated prominent cases of sexual dimorphism in most of the primate species with regard to their shaft and medullary diameter. On the other hand, significant statistical differences were also noticed between the species with regard to their diameter of shaft and medulla. The obtained results cloud be very useful for the partial understanding of primate evolution on the basis of the quantitative morphological features of primate’s head hair strands.
ANATOMICAL ELUCIDATION OF DAMAGE INDUCED BY Tetranychus neocaledonicus ANDRE (ACARI: TETRANYCHIDAE) ON CASSAVA LEAVES
Authors: KAIMAL SANGEETHA G.
Published: July 2023

Ultra-structural elucidation of feeding injury inflicted by the vegetable mite, Tetranychus neocaledonicus Andre on the leaves of cassava was done following TEM technique to elucidate anatomical damage and for a detailed investigation into the fine structural changes to Manihot esculenta Crantz leaves following spider mite feeding. The gravity of injury caused to the host leaves was found to increase proportionately with the progressive feeding of the vegetable mites. Leaves with high infestation had marked reduction in thickness following disruption of epidermis and reduction of palisade and spongy mesophyll tissues. Further, there was decline in numerical abundance of cells and organelles like chloroplasts, coagulated protoplasts, structural aberrations at the cellular level, increased space in the mesophyll layers, extensive disruption of the palisade coupled with damage to adjacent cells that were not directly attacked by the mites.
1 - What is an Anthropologist?
Authors: René Devisch
Published: July 2023

abstract