bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Computer-Mediated Communication in Language Learning Vis-A-Vis Proficiency in the English Productive Skills among Students of Selected Higher Education Institutions
Authors: Maghanoy Judith M.
Published: June 2022

This study aimed to establish any significant relationship between the respondents' use of computer-mediated communication (CMC) in English learning and their proficiency levels in productive skills. This study employed the descriptive-correlational research design involving one hundred ninety eight (198) respondents randomly selected from the population of 917 second year Education and Information Technology students from the four selected higher education institutions in Zamboanga City, Philippines. Researcher-made Survey-Questionnaire in Computer-mediated Communication (CMC) Use in English Learning, the Writing Skill and the Speaking Skill tests were used. Results showed that: 1) respondents were average users of CMC in English learning; 2) they obtained average proficiency level in their productive skills; 3) there was a significant relationship between the respondents' CMC use in English learning and proficiency level in productive skills; 4) there was a significant difference in the respondents' CMC use in English learning when data were grouped according to gender and type of school while no significant difference in course; and 5) there was a significant difference in the respondents' proficiency levels when data were grouped according to course and type of school while no significant difference in gender. It can be deduced that the type school is a contributing factor for the respondents' CMC use in English learning and proficiency levels. The school can advocate the use of CMC in the class to create impact and produce meaningful teaching-learning environment to students.
Atypical Leiomyoma with Amianthoid-like Fibers (ALWAF), causing Rupture Uterus, Haemoperitoneum and MortalityA Case Report
Authors: Fernandes Gwendolyn , Sujith U , Shenoy Asha , Karegar Manjusha
Published: June 2022

Atypical Leiomyoma with Amianthoid-like Fibers (ALWAF) is a very rare entity with a couple of cases in literature. Amianthoid fibers are thick acellular mats composed of crystalline collagen fibers. This is an unusual case of a 53-year-old female with chronic kidney disease, who presented with pain in the abdomen for three weeks. Computed Tomography (CT) showed a degenerated subserosal leiomyoma in the posterior wall of the uterus which had ruptured leading to haemoperitoneum. An emergency exploratory laparotomy with simple hysterectomy was done. Histopathology revealed a ruptured atypical leiomyoma with abundant amianthoid-like fibers. The patient expired seven days after surgery due to hypovolemic shock. Rupture of the uterus in leiomyoma with amianthoid fibers has not been reported in literature. Awareness of this entity is important in view of acute catastrophic consequences like haemoperitoneum, hypovolemic shock and death.
Livelihood Patterns Agricultural Labourers in Three Districts of Andhra Pradesh, India
Authors: Reddy I. Venkata , Krishna T. Gopi , Gopal P. V. Sathya , Radha Y. , Rao V. Srinivasa
Published: June 2022

The present study was conducted during 2017-2020 with an aim to find out the livelihood patterns of agricultural labourers in three districts of Andhra Pradesh. An Ex post facto research design used for the study. Three districts from three regions namely, Srikakulam from North Coastal Region, Guntur from South Coastal Region were purposively selected based on highest number of agricultural labourers for the study. From each selected district two mandals were selected by using simple random sampling. From each selected village six villages were selected by using the simle random sampling. Thus, total of 24 villages and from each village ten respondents were selected finally a total of 240 respondents were selected for the study. The statistical tools like Mean and standard Deviation used for the study. Livelihood is the means of people use to survive themselves, to endure, and to prosper. The findings were less than wage earning+ crop production (31.67%), wage earning+ dairy (20.83%), wage earning (15.42%), wage earning+ crop production + dairy (12.50%), wage earning + poultry (4.59%), wage earning + crop production + sheep + goat (3.73%), wage earning + dairy + goat (3.33%), wage earning + bee keeping (2.92%), wage earning + crop production+ poultry (2.08%), wage earning+ dairy + petty business (1.26%), wage earning + crop production + piggery and wage earning + dairy+ bee keeping (0.83% each) as livelihood pattern. The strategy was designed with a five-step progressive approach with five core areas to improve the livelihood security of agricultural labourers; the core areas were; education and training, group dynamics, cultural heritage, health and habitat, support and services and communication and networking.
Study on Impact of Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA) on Farming Community and Rural Labour Market in Usilampatti Taluk of Madurai District
Authors: Preetha D. Jeba , Kanimozhi R.
Published: June 2022

The present study was conducted with an intention to study the impact of Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA) on farming community and rural labour market. The study was carried out in Usilampatti Taluk of Madurai district, Tamil Nadu. Totally sixty respondents were selected for the study by using Simple Random Sampling (SRS) method, and they were Personal interviewed to collect the data. The collected data was analysed and tabulated by using the appropriate statistical tool (Percentage analysis). The results of the study showed that MGNREGA has increased the labor wage and affected the agricultural activity among small and marginal farmers of the study area. But it has resulted in the creation of permanent assets in the study area which was a positive impact of MGNREGA.
Optimizing Laccase Production from Delonix regia Pods by Aspergillus carbonarius F5 Using Response Surface Methodology and it’s Dye Decolorization Potential
Authors: Arekemase Musa Olusegun , Tiamiyu Aisha Omowale , Kazeem Muinat Olanike , Ugba Mhii , Ado Benjamin Vandelun
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Laccase is a muilti-copper enzyme that directs oxidation of compounds by reducing oxygen to water molecules. It has been identified as a significant enzyme which possesses diverse interest in industrial sector due to its ability to degrade toxicants from dye-utilizing related industries.

Aim: The current research focuses on the optimization of laccase from Aspergillus carbonarius F5 on Delonix regia pods, for application in dye degradation.

Methodology: Potential laccase producing fungi were screened and characterized using 18s rRNA. Laccase production was further conducted on untreated and acid pretreated Delonix regia pods. Plackett-Burman design and Central Composite Design (CCD) of the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was used to screen for various nutritional and environmental factors to improve the yield of the enzyme and then applied for dye decolorization studies.

Results: The fungal strain with the highest laccase activity was identified as Aspergillus carbonarius F5. The acid pretreated Delonix regia pods showed considerably high enzyme activity when compared with untreated. Moreover, variation of notable nutritional and environmental factors were detected to improve laccase yield. The effect of input parameters such as incubation period, pH, temperature and MgSO4 were documented as the major factors influencing high laccase yield using Plackett-Burman design. Results obtained from the modelling of experiment using CCD-RSM shows that maximum  laccase  production of 8.04 U/ml was recorded  at temperature 36°C, pH 6, MgSO4.7H2O at 0.2 (g/L), and 7 days which reveals a 8.28 –fold increase. The outcome of the investigation performed on dye decolorization suggests an 87.6 % and 62.6 % degradation on congo red and malachite green dyes respectively.

Conclusion:  Delonix regia pods could be an added substrate, suitable for optimization of laccase by Aspergillus carbonarius F5 and the enzyme was capable of decolorizing industrial dyes.
Heavy Metals and their Effects on Macroinvertebrates Present in the Ojo River, Lagos, Nigeria
Authors: Reis G. A. , Olayeri A. A. , Saba A. O. , Falebita T. E. , Alonge F. O. , Abdulkareem T. O. , Giwa T. F. , Mudashiru A. O. , Jibrin-yekini U. O.
Published: June 2022

Aim: To provide information regarding the presence of heavy metals in the tissues of crab (Potamon fluviatile), prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii), and crayfish (Metanephrops australiensis) obtained from the Ojo river of Lagos State, Nigeria.

Study Design: Commercially sold marine crustacean samples (crab, prawn, and crayfish) obtained from the Ojo river of Lagos, Nigeria, were assessed for the presence of heavy metals, and also the potential health risks for local consumers.

Place and Duration of Study: Ojo river, located close to Ojo local government secretariat, Ojo, Lagos State, Nigeria.

Methodology: Live samples of macroinvertebrates such as Metanephrops australiensis, Potamon fluviatile, and Macrobrachium rosenbergii were purchased from the fishermen at the riverside in Ojo and immediately transferred to the laboratory. The samples were oven-dried and ground into a fine powder, then subjected to sample digestion and finally atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS), to obtain the various heavy metal concentrations present in each sample.

Results: The result indicated variations in the metal body load among species. All the metals were below the FAO/WHO permissible limit for food consumption except for Cd in crayfish which was slightly beyond the set limit. The highest concentration examined were found in crayfish, followed by crab and prawn. Zinc and iron were of higher concentrations in the tissues of the macroinvertebrates while lead was the least concentrated metal present only in the tissues of crayfish and absent in the tissues of both crab and prawn.

Conclusion: The human health risk evaluation for the marine organisms indicated that both the crab and the prawn samples examined were safe for consumption, while crayfish may not be considered safe for consumption. Also, the potential health risk from consuming seafood exposed to these metals should not be ignored.
Evaluation of the Organoleptic Properties and Free Fatty Acid (FFA) of Cooking Oil in the Selected Stores of Poblacion Malita, Davao Occidental, Philippines
Authors: Pangyan Joan M. , Guntiñas Lady Vaniza L. , Lumogdang Leonel P.
Published: June 2022

The study aimed to evaluate the organoleptic properties and percent (%) free fatty acid (FFA) content of cooking oil, namely Coconut oil, palm oil, and Canola oil, in the selected stores of Poblacion Malita, Davao Occidental Philippines. The study compared the organoleptic properties and % FFA of the cooking oil to the Codex standard of Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). The study was conducted from August to December 2021. The post-product organoleptic evaluation of organoleptic properties and % FFA content in cooking oils can aid in determining the FFA safety level of cooking oil. A total of 15 samples (10 mL each) of Coconut, Palm and Canola oil were randomly collected from five selected stores. The organoleptic properties of collected oil samples were evaluated by direct inspection following the protocol by Dentali (2013). Free Fatty Acids (FFA) were analyzed using a titration method approved by the American Oil Chemist Society (AOCS). Results revealed that the color of coconut oil samples from the selected stores was very light yellow; canola oils were light yellow, and palm oils from the same stores had a golden yellow color. The taste and odor of coconut, palm, and canola oil samples were neutral, as well as the odor. The organoleptic characteristics of the oil samples were within the Codex Standard of FAO; thus, the products were compliant to the Codex standard. The percentage of FFA content showed that Coconut oil and Canola oil had lower FFA content compared to Palm oil.  The average FFA values for each oil group were all compliant to the 2% limit set by industry standards.
Application of a Sludge Blanket Reactor for Effluent Treatment: A Laboratory Study
Authors: Dölle Klaus , Lex Simon
Published: June 2022

Energy is required in all societies worldwide. This led to a dependency of fossil fuel. During uncertain times fossil fuel supply become highly politically and used as an influencing source. This requires establishing a more environmentally friendly processes to decrease dependency. To produce biogas from municipal, agricultural and industrial waste a laboratory benchtop up-flow sludge blanket reactor with a operating volume of 2850 ml was designed build, started up, and operated using prepared municipal wastewater and separated liquid cow manure at a hydraulic retention time of 1 day, 3 days and 6 days after an 120 h adjustment time prior to testing.

While using wastewater as influent, the laboratory benchtop up-flow sludge blanket reactor system was not able to reduce the chemical oxygen demand content significantly. Especially at a high volumetric flow rate for the 1-day hydraulic retention time. The produced gas amount decreased from 0.59 ±0.07 (ml/h)/L at a hydraulic retention rate of 6 days to 0.042 ±0.04 (ml/h)/L. The fluctuating influent chemical oxygen demand of 25 ±1 mg/L to 74 ±15 mg/L resulted in a stable effluent concentration of 39 ml/L and 45 ±11 mg/L respectively.

The laboratory benchtop up-flow sludge blanket reactor system with separated liquid cow manure showed a higher chemical oxygen demand degradation capability but resulted in higher chemical oxygen demand in the effluent. The influent chemical oxygen demand of 308 ±42 mg/L was broken downs to 59 ±1 mg/L at a hydraulic retention time of 6 days and to 114 ±5 mg/L for 1 day retention time. The biogas production result in a stable gas production rate of 0.27 ±0.02 (ml/h)/L through all three hydraulic retention times. For both the wastewater and separated liquid cow manure operation the biogas without carbon dioxide was between 55 and 65%.

The results show that the laboratory benchtop up-flow sludge blanket reactor system can reduce high chemical oxygen demand in wastewater and separated liquid cow manure. However, a minimum feed level having a minimal chemical oxygen demand above 36 mg/L is needed, otherwise, the active bacterial mass contributes to the effluent level as seen for the influent level below 36 mg/L and 25 mg/L which resulted in a minimum effluent level of 39 mg/L for a hydraulic retention time of 3-days and 6-days.
Sistemas de Saúde e Economia da Saúde – Impactos Causados pela Covid-19
Authors: Aveni Alessandro
Published: June 2022

A pandemia declarada no dia 11 de março de 2020 mostrou as fraquezas dos sistemas de saúde em caso de crise. Este trabalho relata como raízes do problema estes: a falta de respostas rápidas, as falhas de mercado na economia da saúde, a falta de planejamento, as previsões e a análise de risco. Observando-se os acontecimentos em todos os países, percebe-se que não houve medidas planejadas e de contingência, já que não estão sendo utilizadas todas as soluções disponíveis. Na discussão, aponta-se que, com as novas tecnologias, é possível mitigar os impactos para mudar o foco da assistência atual não somente na cura, mas na prevenção e com menores custos. As perspectivas futuras mostram que é possível mudar o foco da economia da saúde atual para uma economia de prevenção e de saúde pessoal, reduzindo riscos de pandemias futuras e seus impactos e, sobretudo, usando todas as novas tecnologias disponíveis para se voltar a viver.
Paradoxos de Retroalimentação da Pandemia da Covid-19: quebrando o ciclo
Authors: Sartório Carmem Luíza , Juiz Paulo José Lima , Rodrigues Lívia Carla de Melo , Álvares-da-Silva Adriana Madeira
Published: June 2022

O isolamento social associado à pandemia da Coronavirus disease-19 é uma importante estratégia para conter a proliferação do Coronavírus e a preservação dos sistemas de saúde. No entanto, a exposição crônica ao estresse decorrente do isolamento social associado à massiva informação de cunho negativo pode promover alterações no eixo psico-neuro-endócrino-imune e aumentar o risco de morbimortalidade e predisposição à infecção viral. Este artigo apresenta aspectos relacionados à imunopatofisiologia da infecção pelo novo Coronavírus trazendo uma discussão sobre as consequências do estresse causado pelo isolamento social, como mecanismo de feedback positivo e fator de risco para retroalimentar a pandemia da Covid-19. Foram analisados pedidos de patentes de produtos tecnológicos e artigos que trazem abordagens integrativas de redução de estresse, de reforço das vias cerebrais positivas e do sistema imune, no intuito de promover a quebra desse ciclo vicioso.
Prospecção Científica sobre Epidemiologia e Prevenção da Covid-19 Aliada à Inteligência Artificial
Authors: Freitas Robson Almeida Borges de , Melo Humbérila da Costa e Silva , De Azevedo Margarete Almeida Freitas , Oliveira Junior Antonio Martins de , Sá José Luiz Silva
Published: June 2022

A Covid-19 tornou-se preocupação mundial quando a Organização Mundial da Saúde a declarou como pandemia. Com a disseminação da doença, é importante que os conhecimentos das nações que enfrentam a Covid-19 sejam aplicados nos países em que ela se dissemina. Buscou-se discutir aqui métodos preventivos para auxílio na contenção da Covid-19 e o uso da Inteligência Artificial (IA) para monitoramento e predição da incidência da doença. Utilizou-se a plataforma SCOPUS para levantamento e análise dos dados, com preferência para artigos científicos. Os artigos foram publicados, em sua maioria, pela China e Estados Unidos. Encontrou-se três artigos que relacionam a doença com prevenção e a epidemiologia. Nenhum artigo foi encontrado com os termos Covid-19, IA, prevenção e epidemiologia. Encontrou-se a IA em 13 documentos sobre Epidemiologia. Sugere-se a implantação de sistemas informáticos com IA no monitoramento de quarentena, previsão de casos, equipamentos para testes da doença e auxílio à gestão de crises epidêmicas.
Fatores Críticos da Transferência de Tecnologia: estudo de caso de uma Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais
Authors: Ribeiro Elaine Marques de Menezes , Mendonça Fabrício Molica , Diniz Daniela Martins
Published: June 2022

Este trabalho teve por objetivo identificar fatores críticos relacionados ao processo de transferência de tecnologias entre universidade-empresa (U-E), envolvendo uma universidade federal do Estado de Minas Gerais, e analisar como tais fatores influenciam no desempenho do processo para auxiliar os gestores no planejamento da inovação tecnológica na instituição e fortalecer o fluxo de transferência para o mercado. Adotou-se a abordagem qualitativa de cunho descritivo e analítico, por meio do estudo de caso, usando pesquisa documental e entrevistas semiestruturadas. Os resultados mostraram que os principais fatores críticos da transferência de tecnologia são: reduzido quadro de funcionários e alta rotatividade; baixa divulgação da propriedade intelectual da universidade para as empresas e interação com o setor produtivo; falta de política de patenteamento e de setor especializado em busca de anterioridade e redação da patente; burocracia institucional; e falta de sintonia entre a legislação considerada pela procuradoria jurídica e as exigências do novo marco legal. Tais fatores podem ser resultantes da política institucional de interação Universidade-Empresa adotada.
Política Municipal de Inovação em Petrolina-PE: uma análise de sua implementação por meio de cenários
Authors: Martins Neto João de Paula , Leite dos Santos Vivianni Marques
Published: June 2022

Um dos principais desafios enfrentados pelos municípios brasileiros está na promoção do desenvolvimento econômico e social a partir de novas tecnologias criando suas próprias Políticas de Incentivo à Inovação. Nesse sentido, há um Projeto de Lei (PL) em tramitação no município de Petrolina-PE para a criação de sua Política de Inovação. Assim, com o intuito de contribuir com ações para minimizar possíveis acontecimentos indesejados, este artigo faz uma análise de intercorrências que possam surgir até sua implementação. Para tanto, realizou-se estudo prospectivo em agosto de 2020, com base na análise de cenários, Brainstorming e correlação das variáveis que poderiam impactar, positiva ou negativamente, na implementação dessa política. O cenário otimista prevê, entre outros, a manutenção político-partidária no município para o qual se espera confirmação em 2021. Em contrapartida, no cenário pessimista, considera-se sua “não aprovação” ou sua “aprovação” sem sua efetividade, ou seja, sem o seu cumprimento, tal como não alocação de recursos em “Fundo Municipal”.
Prospecção Tecnológica de Inseticidas para Controle de Tribolium Castaneum em Produtos Armazenados
Authors: Miranda Lays Nogueira , Grillo Luciano Aparecido Meireles
Published: June 2022

Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) é uma das principais pragas por causar danos quantitativos e qualitativos aos produtos pós-colheita, gerando prejuízos de centenas de milhões de dólares em diversos setores econômicos. Sendo assim, este estudo tem como objetivo identificar invenções inseticidas para controle do T. castaneum em produtos armazenados. Trata-se de um estudo de prospecção tecnológica realizado por meio da ferramenta de pesquisa de patente Derwent Innovations Index e das bases Espacenet e Instituto Nacional da Propriedade Industrial (INPI). Foram identificadas 86 patentes relacionadas a produtos com potencial inseticida contra T. castaneum, sem duplicata. Destas, a maioria trata de inseticidas químicos sintéticos (66,3%), seguidos de bioinseticidas (23,2%) e produtos transgênicos (10,5%). As patentes relacionadas a bioinseticidas são de origem botânica (70%), de bactéria (25%) e de fungo (5%). Os resultados deste estudo apontam para a importância de serem desenvolvidas tecnologias utilizando-se novas fontes de produtos naturais com potencial inseticida para controle dessa praga que sejam seguros para o meio ambiente e para a saúde humana.
Mapeamento das Políticas Públicas de Empreendedorismo da Prefeitura de Manaus
Authors: De Albuquerque Larisse Carvalho Drumond , De Oliveira Raimundo Corrêa , Dos Santos Rosa Maria Nascimento
Published: June 2022

O empreendedorismo e a inovação são temas fundamentais para a promoção do desenvolvimento econômico. O presente artigo tem o objetivo de mapear as políticas de empreendedorismo da cidade de Manaus, a fim de verificar quais ações o poder público tem realizado em prol da cultura empreendedora na cidade, apresentando um panorama sobre as políticas e os projetos implementados. Por meio de pesquisa documental em fontes de dados oficiais, foi possível mapear as políticas no período de 2017 a 2020. Sabe-se que os Estados e Municípios possuem papel de promotores dessa cultura, especialmente no fomento a ações para desburocratizar o ambiente de negócios e disseminar a cultura do empreendedorismo e da inovação, desse modo, é possível validar esse fato quando são verificados os resultados desse mapeamento, que demonstra que as políticas implementadas contribuíram para que a cidade de Manaus melhorasse sua posição nos principais rankings que mensuram o empreendedorismo no país.
Mapeamento Tecnológico de Equipamentos de Aferição da Qualidade do Gesso
Authors: Silva Igo Rafael Alves , Silva Lucas Damião da Cruz , Diniz Michely Correia , Coêlho Isnaldo José de Souza
Published: June 2022

O gesso tem sido utilizado ao longo de séculos pela humanidade e tem aplicações nas mais diversas áreas, desde a construção civil às próteses odontológicas. A aferição exata da qualidade do gesso ainda é muito cara e pouco acessível. O objetivo deste trabalho é identificar as tendências tecnológicas de equipamentos que meçam parâmetros que reconhecidamente atestem a qualidade do gesso. Para isso, foi feito um levantamento de artigos no Periódicos CAPES publicados nos últimos cinco anos, e uma prospecção de patentes no Orbit depositadas no período de 2000 a 2020. Assim, foram identificados mais de 30 registros correlatos a esse tema nas bases de dados consultadas, entre estes, um pedido de patente protocolado no Brasil, ainda sem transferência da tecnologia. O produto final consistiu na organização e na visualização das informações encontradas em um Roadmap Tecnológico, com análise temporal dividida em curto, médio e longo prazos, relacionando-o com os fatores críticos: Mercado, Produto e Tecnologia. As patentes e artigos encontrados reafirmam a importância de se fazer um mapeamento tecnológico antes do desenvolvimento de qualquer produto ou processo, com vistas à eficientização do processo de inovação por meio do direcionamento correto dos esforços de pesquisa e financiamento.
Proposta Preliminar de Política de Propriedade Intelectual no Âmbito do Sidia Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia
Authors: Silva Daniela Azevedo da , Oliveira Raimundo Correa de
Published: June 2022

Com o desenvolvimento científico e tecnológico cada vez mais latente dentro das Instituições de Ciência e Tecnologia (ICT), o tema propriedade intelectual ganhou destaque, pois impulsiona a economia e a competitividade tanto no setor público quanto no privado. Nesse sentido, este trabalho teve como objetivo estruturar uma política preliminar de propriedade intelectual no âmbito do Sidia Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia. O Sidia é um centro de Pesquisa, Desenvolvimento e Inovação (PD&I), sediado em Manaus, Amazonas, Brasil, responsável por implementar soluções digitais inovadoras para o mercado local e global, por meio de atividades de pesquisa e desenvolvimento. Para o desenvolvimento da política, foi necessário levantar na literatura as matérias mais relevantes sobre propriedade intelectual, verificar as necessidades latentes do instituto no âmbito de propriedade intelectual e estabelecer diretrizes para identificar, avaliar e proteger a inovação. A partir do estudo inicial, foi possível estruturar uma política preliminar de propriedade intelectual no Sidia.
Análise do Desenvolvimento Territorial no Cenário das Indicações Geográficas Reconhecidas na Bahia
Authors: Saldanha Cleiton Braga , Borges Rocha Uelisson , Piler Carvalho dos Santos Wagna
Published: June 2022

A Indicação Geográfica (IG) é restrita aos produtores e prestadores de serviços estabelecidos no local, o que pode promover o desenvolvimento territorial. Questiona-se, portanto, por que no Estado da Bahia, que possui um grande número de Territórios de Identidade, há apenas quatro Indicações Geográficas registradas? Diante dessa questão, este artigo objetiva analisar o desenvolvimento territorial com as IGs registradas na Bahia, bem como identificar a viabilidade de expansão de novos registros em outras regiões do Estado. Por meio de uma abordagem qualitativa de uma pesquisa exploratória, foram utilizadas as técnicas bibliográfica e documental, a partir da busca bibliométrica nas bases Web of Science e Scopus. A partir dos resultados, foram recuperados dois documentos diretamente relacionados à temática-foco da pesquisa, o que demonstra ser um estágio inicial de amadurecimento, sugere-se, portanto, a realização de novas pesquisas com o intuito de discutir os impactos econômicos e sociais gerados nas regiões abrangidas por elas.
Potencial de Indicação Geográfica para o Mel Produzido por Abelha sem Ferrão de Alagoinhas – Bahia
Authors: Conceição Valdir Silva , Silva Dayana Ferraz , Rocha Angela Machado
Published: June 2022

O mel de abelha é um alimento muito utilizado pela humanidade desde a antiguidade em decorrência do seu valor nutritivo e terapêutico, desempenhando um papel importante como antioxidante, antibacteriano e anti-inflamatório. A sua produção ocorre no mundo inteiro. A Indicação Geográfica (IG) diz respeito a alguns atributos inerentes a um produto ou serviço que estejam relacionados com o seu território, quer seja por intervenção humana ou por fatores naturais. O objetivo do trabalho é analisar o potencial de IG do mel de abelha de Alagoinhas. A metodologia utilizada foi a pesquisa bibliográfica e qualitativa para identificar o potencial do IG do mel produzido em Alagoinhas pelas abelhas sem ferrão. A apicultura é uma atividade crescente nessa região com a produção e a comercialização. O mel de abelha possui qualidades inerentes ao tipo de vegetação existente na região, diferenciando-se dos similares por possuir maior atividade antimicrobiana e mais variedades de funcionalidades medicinais.
MARKETING DIGITAL
Authors: Borges Jussara , Espolier Charles
Published: June 2022

A pesquisa discorre sobre a utilização das fanpages como ferramentas de marketing nas bibliotecas públicas municipais do Rio Grande do Sul. Objetiva examinar as percepções dos bibliotecários sobre a prática do marketing digital nas mídias sociais. Identifica aplicações de marketing na fanpage e busca elencar as tipologias e interações das postagens promovidas pelas bibliotecas. Método: Adota como método a pesquisa mista: quantitativa e qualitativa. Utiliza o questionário e a pesquisa documental com inspiração netnográfica para entender como são utilizadas as fanpages na promoção e comunicação nas bibliotecas elencadas. Resultado: As fanpages são utilizadas principalmente na promoção de postagens e na construção de um diálogo com os usuários, que configura um marketing de relacionamento. Identificou-se também a prática de marketing institucional, na forma como a biblioteca se apresenta para os seus usuários. Conclusões: Conclui que as bibliotecas utilizam a mídia social fanpage como ferramenta de marketing para manter um contato próximo e aberto com seus usuários, promovendo com afinco a leitura e a promoção de eventos. Elucida fatores que causam problemas na implementação dessa prática: como tempo de resposta e produção do conteúdo.
Deep learning for emergency ascites diagnosis using ultrasonography images
Authors: Lin Zhanye , Li Zhengyi , Cao Peng , Lin Yingying , Liang Fengting , He Jiajun , Huang Libing
Published: June 2022

Purpose

The detection of abdominal free fluid or hemoperitoneum can provide critical information for clinical diagnosis and treatment, particularly in emergencies. This study investigates the use of deep learning (DL) for identifying peritoneal free fluid in ultrasonography (US) images of the abdominal cavity, which can help inexperienced physicians or non‐professional people in diagnosis. It focuses specifically on first‐response scenarios involving focused assessment with sonography for trauma (FAST) technique.

Methods

A total of 2985 US images were collected from ascites patients treated from 1 January 2016 to 31 December 2017 at the Shenzhen Second People's Hospital. The data were categorized as Ascites‐1, Ascites‐2, or Ascites‐3, based on the surrounding anatomy. A uniform standard for regions of interest (ROIs) and the lack of obstruction from acoustic shadow was used to classify positive samples. These images were then divided into training (90%) and test (10%) datasets to evaluate the performance of a U‐net model, utilizing an encoder–decoder architecture and contracting and expansive paths, developed as part of the study.

Results

Test results produced sensitivity and specificity values of 94.38% and 68.13%, respectively, in the diagnosis of Ascites‐1 US images, with an average Dice coefficient of 0.65 (standard deviation [SD] = 0.21). Similarly, the sensitivity and specificity for Ascites‐2 were 97.12% and 86.33%, respectively, with an average Dice coefficient of 0.79 (SD = 0.14). The accuracy and area under the curve (AUC) were 81.25% and 0.76 for Ascites‐1 and 91.73% and 0.91 for Ascites‐2.

Conclusion

The results produced by the U‐net demonstrate the viability of DL for automated ascites diagnosis. This suggests the proposed technique could be highly valuable for improving FAST‐based preliminary diagnoses, particularly in emergency scenarios.
Virtually Speaking: The Impact of a Nationwide Synchronous and Asynchronous Learning Forum
Authors: Dua Anisha B. , Bolster Marcy B. , Gensler Lianne S. , Kolfenbach Jason , Mamut Mary H. , Seo Philip , Jonas Beth L.
Published: June 2022

Objective

To address significant disruptions in didactic education precipitated by the COVID‐19 pandemic, a group of rheumatology program directors collaborated with the American College of Rheumatology to create a virtual fellows‐in‐training (V‐FIT) program.

Methods

A working group was composed to develop the virtual didactic program comprising live virtual sessions of core curricular rheumatology topics that were recorded to permit asynchronous learning. Nationally recognized educators were invited to lead sessions to fill the void in didactic education occurring on a broad scale across US rheumatology fellowship training programs. Demographic information, live and asynchronous participation data, and feedback surveys were collected from participants in the program.

Results

There were 3 components to V‐FIT: the Virtual Rheumatology Learning (ViRL) series, the Virtual Rheumatology Practicum (ViP), and the Virtual Rheumatology Teaching Lessons (ViTLs). The ViRL program had global impact with more than 2,000 learners from more than 55 countries. ViP provided a standardized curriculum of rheumatology topics for incoming first‐year fellows. ViTLs addressed advanced and interdisciplinary rheumatic disease topics for learners at all stages.

Conclusion

With collaboration, adaptation, and innovation, the V‐FIT program not only maintained but also enhanced education for rheumatology trainees, was enriched by national and international participation, and provided standardized, broadly accessible content with interdisciplinary learning.
Volbots: Volvox Microalgae‐Based Robots for Multimode Precision Imaging and Therapy
Authors: Wang Jie , Soto Fernando , Liu Shiqin , Yin Qingqing , Purcell Emma , Zeng Yitian , Hsu En‐Chi , Akin Demir , Sinclair Bob , Stoyanova Tanya , Demirci Utkan
Published: June 2022

Biohybrid microrobotics are exploited as a delivery approach to actively transport therapeutic payload to tumors. However, the therapeutic utility of this approach can be diminished by tumor hypoxia. Moreover, current biohybrid microrobotics design is mainly focused on the living organisms’ motility and biocompatibility, yet the unique biological function of the natural organism is often overlooked. Here, an all‐in‐one self‐propelled volvox‐based multifunctional robot, that is, Volbot, with built‐in capabilities of fluid mixing, multimode imaging, and photosynthesis‐mediated in situ oxygen generation that can potentially relieve hypoxia is developed. Volbots can follow a pre‐specified route and directionality under the control of a magnetic field. Red‐light irradiation (λ = 650 nm) can enhance the Volbot's locomotive behavior, enhance the mixing of biofluids, and modulate the oxygen production to improve the efficacy of photodynamic therapy. Moreover, Volbots can absorb near‐infrared irradiation and produce localized hyperthermia to treat tumors. Subcutaneous tumor suppression can be achieved by this high‐yield oxygen‐producing biohybrid “microfactory” in a photodynamic/photothermal‐synergistic therapy strategy. Furthermore, Volbots also offer imaging capabilities and exhibit considerable promise as a multifunctional microrobotics‐based theranostic approach for a precision tumor therapy strategy.
W5+–W5+ Pair Induced LSPR of W18O49 to Sensitize ZnIn2S4 for Full‐Spectrum Solar‐Light‐Driven Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Lu Yue , Jia Xiaofang , Ma Zhaoyu , Li Yang , Yue Shuai , Liu Xinfeng , Zhang Junying
Published: June 2022

The localized surface plasmon resonances (LSPR) effect makes W18O49 an effective visible and near‐infrared (NIR) light antenna to realize full‐spectrum solar‐light driven photocatalysis, yet the precise origin remains elusive. Here, the LSPR originates from the localized electron confinement around lattice W5+–W5+ pairs in the unique structure of W18O49 by density‐functional theory calculation, which gives W18O49 a broad absorption ranging from visible to NIR region, independent of the particle shape and size is confirmed. This unique periodic LSPR simplifies the design of W18O49‐sensitized photocatalytic composite into enhancing the light absorbance of W18O49 and screening photocatalytic semiconductors with suitable energy band potentials. To this end, hierarchical‐structure W18O49 microflowers with high absorbance have been coated with ZnIn2S4 nanosheets to achieve cocatalyst‐free photocatalytic composite, which presents an outstanding H2 production rate of 902.57 µmol within 3 h under simulated solar‐light. Comprehensive characterizations, including ultrafast transient absorption spectroscopy, prove the injection of hot electrons from W18O49 to ZnIn2S4 and the increase of long‐lived active electrons. This work clarifies the LSPR origin of oxygen‐deficient semiconductors and paves the way for the search of broad‐spectrum active photocatalyst.
Not All Aggregates Are Made the Same: Distinct Structures of Solution Aggregates Drastically Modulate Assembly Pathways, Morphology, and Electronic Properties of Conjugated Polymers
Authors: Xu Zhuang , Park Kyung Sun , Kwok Justin J. , Lin Oliver , Patel Bijal B. , Kafle Prapti , Davies Daniel W. , Chen Qian , Diao Ying
Published: June 2022

Tuning structures of solution‐state aggregation and aggregation‐mediated assembly pathways of conjugated polymers is crucial for optimizing their solid‐state morphology and charge‐transport property. However, it remains challenging to unravel and control the exact structures of solution aggregates, let alone to modulate assembly pathways in a controlled fashion. Herein, aggregate structures of an isoindigo–bithiophene‐based polymer (PII‐2T) are modulated by tuning selectivity of the solvent toward the side chain versus the backbone, which leads to three distinct assembly pathways: direct crystallization from side‐chain‐associated amorphous aggregates, chiral liquid crystal (LC)‐mediated assembly from semicrystalline aggregates with side‐chain and backbone stacking, and random agglomeration from backbone‐stacked semicrystalline aggregates. Importantly, it is demonstrated that the amorphous solution aggregates, compared with semicrystalline ones, lead to significantly improved alignment and reduced paracrystalline disorder in the solid state due to direct crystallization during the meniscus‐guided coating process. Alignment quantified by the dichroic ratio is enhanced by up to 14‐fold, and the charge‐carrier mobility increases by a maximum of 20‐fold in films printed from amorphous aggregates compared to those from semicrystalline aggregates. This work shows that by tuning the precise structure of solution aggregates, the assembly pathways and the resulting thin‐film morphology and device properties can be drastically tuned.
Omni‐Liquid Droplet and Bubble Manipulation Platform Using Functional Organogel Blocks
Authors: Kim Seonghyeon , Yoo Dongwoo , Lee Sanghyun , Kim Joonwon
Published: June 2022

Droplet and bubble manipulation in air and underwater, respectively, are of interest because of their potential applications in various areas related to microfluidics, gas collection, and other industrial applications. However, the fabrication of manipulation platforms capable of performing various functions (merging and mixing) and directionally moving droplets/bubbles on a single platform has rarely been reported. This paper describes a multifunctional manipulation platform designed using a slippery organogel channel capable of manipulating droplets and bubbles. The manipulation block can be fabricated by forming a polydimethylsiloxane channel using a 3D‐printed mold generated by a commercial 3D printer and filling it with a slippery organogel precursor. The fabricated manipulation platform can move various droplets regardless of viscosity, surface tension, acidity, or basicity; has a merging function; and can enhance mixing. As a functional block application, polyvinyl alcohol‐boric acid hydrogel is synthesized on a slippery organogel channel. Moreover, because of the nature of block assembly, new manipulation platforms that can perform desired functions can be created by assembling blocks. The proposed functional manipulation platform overcomes existing limitations and would have practical applications.
Laser‐Driven High‐Brightness Green Light for Underwater Wireless Optical Communication
Authors: Chen Hexin , Lin Tuan , Huang Fan , Li Shuxing , Tang Xueyuan , Xie Rong‐Jun
Published: June 2022

Green light is generally used as the transmitter of underwater wireless optical communication (UWOC) system, but the currently available light‐emitting diode (LED)‐based green light has a poor luminous flux density (i.e., low brightness) and a low wall‐plug efficiency (WPE), known as the “green gap”. In this work, it is proposed to produce the laser‐driven green light by using blue laser diodes to pump the narrow‐band green‐emitting β‐Sialon phosphor‐in‐glass (PiG) film. The dominant wavelength of the laser‐driven green light can be tuned in the range of ≈520–540 nm, required for UWOC, by controlling the phosphor content at ≈60–80% and the film thickness at ≈150–185 µm. By introducing highly reflective TiO2into the PiG film, the laser‐driven green light exhibits a maximum luminous flux density of 1260 lm mm−2under blue laser excitation with a power density of 15.49 W mm−2. For UWOC application, the green light is demonstrated to have a modulation bandwidth of 1.76 MHz, a high WPE of 8.7%, and a long transmission distance of ≈61.6 m. This work suggests that the laser‐driven high‐brightness green light will be a promising light source for UWOC.
Preparation of Phosphorescent Eu2+, Dy3+‐Doped Strontium Aluminate Nanoparticles by Laser Vaporization for the Modification of Therapeutic Contact Lenses
Authors: Häusler Jan , Müller Frank A. , Müller Lenka , Grabow Janet , Cleve Carla , Lotz Christian , Röschlau Mona , Bittorf Patrick , Fromme Roland , Kiebert Ingrid , Grüne Michelle , Schweizer Stefan , Dembski Sofia
Published: June 2022

Biologically, effectively regulated light with a wavelength of about 485 nm can support physiological processes in the body and has a positive impact on the human sleep–wake rhythm. However, the application of common light therapy devices is not always practicable and sometimes difficult to integrate into everyday life. Here, miniaturization of therapy devices, for example, in the form of contact lenses, can reduce the handling disadvantages. Especially, contact lenses modified with phosphorescence materials offer this benefit. Herein, a method to prepare phosphorescent Eu2+, Dy3+‐doped strontium aluminate nanoparticles (NPs) by laser vaporization of macroscopic Eu2+, Dy3+‐doped Sr4Al14O25particle powder and their integration into polymer‐based contact lenses is provided. NPs with a diameter of about 34 nm emit light in the desired therapeutic wavelength region. These novel NPs are biocompatible and do not show any negative effects during the testing of eye irritation safety in a 3D in vitro cornea model.
Asymmetric Metal‐Templated Route to Amino Acids with 3‐Spiropyrrolidine Oxindole Core via a 1,3‐Dipolar Addition of Azomethine Ylides to a Chiral Dehydroalanine Ni(II) Complex
Authors: Gugkaeva Zalina T. , Panova Maria V. , Smol'yakov Alexander F. , Medvedev Michael G. , Tsaloev Alan T. , Godovikov Ivan A. , Maleev Victor I. , Larionov Vladimir A.
Published: June 2022

We herein developed a protocol for the asymmetric synthesis of artificial AAs featuring a 3‐spiropyrrolidine oxindole skeletal with continuous tetrasubstituted carbon stereocenters by a 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition reaction of in situ generated azomethine ylides with a chiral dehydroalanine Ni(II) complex. A three‐component reaction of the Ni(II) complex with various isatins and AAs in green solvent (ethanol) provided series of diastereomeric complexes with high dr (>20:1) in 40–86% yields. The formation of different regioisomers in the case of sarcosine and proline was explained using quantum chemical calculation. The acidic decomposition of the obtained Ni(II) complexes led to the target unnatural complex AAs with a 3‐spiropyrrolidine oxindole core. The chiral auxiliary ligand was recovered after decomposition and reused for the synthesis of the starting dehydroalanine complex‐substrate.

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Glyphosate and aminomethylphosphonic acid contents in field crops soils under various weed management practices
Authors: Samson‐Brais Émile , Lucotte Marc , Moingt Matthieu , Tremblay Gilles , Paquet Serge
Published: June 2022

To avoid yield loss in field crops associated with glyphosate‐resistant weed and changes in their population dynamics, repeated applications of glyphosate‐based herbicides (GBH) and combination with other herbicides are weed management practices (WMP) increasingly used worldwide, and particularly so in southern Quebec (Canada). These practices affect soil biological activity as well as soil functions but could also influence glyphosate and its main degradation product, the aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA), persistence. This study was conducted in corn (Zea mays L.) and soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] field crops to evaluate the effects of single vs. repeated GBH applications, with or without the addition of other herbicides, on glyphosate and AMPA persistence in soils throughout a growing season. In corn plots, the highest glyphosate content (0.11 mg kg–1) was observed following two GBH applications combined with other herbicides (i.a. S‐metolachlor and mesotrione). In soybean plots, the highest glyphosate content (0.18 mg kg–1) was also measured following two GBH applications combined with other herbicides (i.a. imazethapyr and chlorimuron). AMPA contents in corn plots soils were similar whatever WMP employed, whereas differences were observed in soybean plots according to the WMP. Soybean plots thus seemed more responsive to variation in weed management practices than corn plots. This study highlights the persistence of glyphosate and AMPA in agricultural soils at least 8 wk after the last GBH application.
Risk factors for non‐gastric‐cancer‐related death after gastrectomy in elderly patients
Authors: Iida Michihisa , Takeda Shigeru , Nakashima Chiyo , Nishiyama Mitsuo , Watanabe Yusaku , Suzuki Nobuaki , Yoshino Shigefumi , Nakagami Yuki , Tanabe Tsuyoshi , Nagano Hiroaki
Published: June 2022

Aim

To identify preoperative factors, especially other diseases that cause death, that are associated with the prognosis of gastrectomy in elderly patients with gastric cancer.

Methods

This retrospective study included a total of 211 consecutive patients aged ≥75 years who underwent radical gastrectomy due to gastric cancer. Time‐dependent receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed to determine the optimal cutoff values for various perioperative factors. Risk factors for the overall survival and death from other diseases were analyzed using the Cox proportional hazards model.

Results

Among the all perioperative factors, sex, neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio, skeletal muscle mass index, and lymph node dissection in accordance with guidelines or not extracted as independent risk factors for death from other diseases. In an analysis restricted to the preoperative factors, sex, neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio, and skeletal muscle mass index of the patients were extracted as independent risk factors for death from other diseases and overall survival. We divided the patients into four groups according to the number of preoperative risk factors for death from other diseases and found that the 5‐year non‐gastric‐cancer‐related survival was different among the four groups (risk factor 0, 91.7%; risk factor 1, 83.3%; risk factor 2, 56.3%; risk factor 3, 27.2%; P < 0.001).

Conclusion

Male sex, low skeletal muscle mass index, and high neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio are risk factors for non‐gastric‐cancer‐related death and the overall survival of elderly patients undergoing gastrectomy. Cautious treatment strategies are needed for elderly gastric cancer patients with many risk factors.