bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP BANK SEBAGAI PEMEGANG JAMINAN KEBENDAAN TERKAIT PELUNASAN HUTANG OLEH DEBITOR (STUDI KASUS PUTUSAN No.50/Pailit/2010/PN.Niaga.JKT.PST)
Authors: Prima Putri Wilda
Published: May 2019

Nasabah debitor dalam pelaksanaan perjanjian kredit bank dapat mengalamikesulitan untuk tidak dapat melaksanakan kewajibannya kepada bank kreditorkarena mengalami kepailitan. Akibatnya permasalahan muncul terkait bagaimanaperlindungan hukum terhadap bank misalnya Bank BNI sebagai pemegangjaminan kebendaan untuk memperoleh pelunasan piutang terhadap para debitoryang dinyatakan pailit oleh Pengadilan Niaga; dan bagaimana upaya hukum yangdapat ditempuh oleh Bank BNI sebagai pemegang jaminan kebendaan agardebitor pailit dapat melunasi utangnya. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwawalaupun instrumen hukum kepailitan berdasarkan UU PKPU tidak dapatsepenuhnya memberikan perlindungan hukum kepada bank sebagai kreditorpemegang jaminan kebendaan untuk memperoleh keseluruhan hak-haknyamelalui mekanisme penyelesaian piutang oleh kurator sampai saat berakhirnyakepailitan. Bank BNI belum melengkapi dengan regulasi, akta-akta danpersyaratan-persyaratan tambahan guna melindungi kepentingan bagi pelunasanseluruh piutangnya ketika terjadi kepailitan debitornya. Pembatasan waktu bagibank sebagai kreditor pemegang jaminan kebendaan untuk melakukan hakeksekusinya mengakibatkan UU PKPU tidak cukup efektif untuk memberikanperlindungan hukum kepada bank sebagai kreditor pemegang jaminan kebendaan.
ALTERNATIF PENYELESAIAN KEKERASAN TERHADAP PEREMPUAN
Authors: Silvya E. Wangga Maria , Agung Kardono R. Bondan
Published: May 2019

Kekerasan terhadap perempuan merupakan suatu fenomena sosial yang sangatdekat dan tidak dapat kita sembunyikan lagi dari kehidupan sosial manusia. Padadasarnya setiap tindakan kekerasan selalu mengakibatkan perusakan terhadapemosi, psikologi, seksual, fisik dan atau material. Undang-Undang Nomor 23Tahun 2004 tentang Penghapusan Kekerasan Dalam rumah Tangga, merupakanketentuan khusus yang memberikan perlindungan terhadap perempuan. Bertitiktolak pada pandangan bahwa masalah kehidupan manusia yang begitu kongkrit,luas dan kompleks dalam masyarakat, tidak hanya harus dipecahkan denganundang-undang, karena undang-undang bukan satu-satunya sumber hukum, akantetapi masih ada sumber-sumber lainnya yang dapat digunakan dalampenyelesaian dan penegakkan hukum di masyarakat, yakni forum penyelesaiansengketa berbasis komunitas biasa yang dijumpai dalam kehidupan keseharian.Seperti Shariah Councils, yang berlaku untuk kalangan perempuan muslim AsiaSelatan yang tinggal di Inggris atau pengadilan keluarga, (family Court), yang adadi New Zealand. Adanya kajian yang komprehensif serta melakukan studiinterdisipliner maka alternatif pengadilan keluarga dalam menyelesaikan perkarakekerasan terhadap perempuan, menjadi suatu paradigma yang dapat diterapkan diindonesia.
URGENSI PENERAPAN MEDIASI PENAL SEBAGAI ALTERNATIF PENYELESAIAN PERKARA PIDANA RINGAN DI LUAR PENGADILAN
Authors: Nadyanti Dwiasih , Nabila K. A. Putri , Jayaputeri Tiara
Published: May 2019

Bagi para pihak yang terlibat dalam perkara tindak pidana ringan, baik korbanmaupun pelaku hendaknya diperkenalkan dengan mekanisme Mediasi danPeradilan Restoratif atau Restorative Justice sebagai salah satu upaya penanganandengan Mediasi Penal yang sudah dipraktikkan sebagai penyelesaian SengketaAlternatif di berbagai negara dan telah membawa hasil yang positif, baik bagikorban, pelaku, dan masyarakat. Berkenaan dengan upaya penerapan MediasiPenal sebagai alternatif penyelesaian perkara tindak pidana ringan di luarpengadilan, dipertemukannya pelaku dan korban kejahatan secara langsungmengubah cara pandang hukum pidana yang selama ini dikenal statis dalammenyelesaikan sengketa dengan proses dan prosedur yang tetap kearah hukumpidana yang humanistis, karena dalam Mediasi Penal, fokus utamanya bukan padapembalasan terhadap tindakan pelaku, tetapi ada pada upaya penyembuhan danperdamaian. Maka dari itu, dalam setiap kebijakan penerapan mediasi penalsebagai alternatif penyelesaian perkara pidana di luar Pengadilan bagi tindakpidana ringan harus dipertimbangkan sebagai nilai, serta pembaharuan hukumpidana diharapkan berorientasi pada pendekatan nilai-nilai yang hidup dalammasyarakat Indonesia maupun negara lain yang dapat dipakai sebagai acuandalam pembaharuan hukum pidana nasional Indonesia
Korelasi Peningkatan Berat Badan Dengan Respon Terapi Pada Pasien Skizofrenia Yang Menggunakan Antipsikotik Atipikal
Authors: Syamsuddin Saidah , Mahardika Agustine
Published: May 2019

Skizofrenia merupakan kondisi kronik dimana seseorang yang hidup dengan kondisi ini memerlukan terapi jangka panjang dengan obat antipsikotik. Antipsikotik konvensional (Tipik) berhubungan dengan efek samping sindrom ekstrapiramidalsedangkan antipsikotik atipikal menunjukkan potensi yang lebih rendah dalam menimbulkan efek samping ekstrapiramidal dan diskinesia tardif. Terdapat efek samping lain yang menjadi perhatian klinisi pada penggunaan antipsikotik atipik yaitu efek samping metabolik yaitu peningkatan berat badan dan dislipidemia. Mekanisme terjadinya peningkatan berat badan akibat antipsikotik atipik adalah melalui stimulasi nafsu makan, penurunan aktifitas fisik dan secara langsung mempengaruhi regulasi metabolik. Keseimbangan harian antara konsumsi kalori dan penggunaannya mempengaruhi berat badan individu, ketidakseimbangan kecil sekalipun dapat menyebabkan perubahan berat badan yang signifikan. Sebagian besar penelitian fokus terhadap terjadinya peningkatan berat badan sebagai efek samping, namun terdapat sejumlah penelitian yang menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan signifikan antara peningkatan berat badan dan respon terapi. mengetahui korelasi antara peningkatan berat badan dengan respon terapi pada pasien Skizofrenia yang mendapatkan pengobatan Antipsikotik atipikal.Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik observasional dengan pendekatan cohort prospekif. Sampel pada penelitian adalah pasien Skizofrenia yang berjumlah 30. Pengukuran berat badan dengan timbangan berat badan digital dan penilaian respon terapi menggunakan skor PANNS.Pada minggu ke 2 dan minggu ke 4 setelah terapi menggunakan antipsikotik atipikal korelasi antara peningkatan berat badan dan penurunan PANSS bermakna dengan kekuatan korelasi sedang (minggu 2, r=0,595, p<0,001, minggu 4, r=0,569, p<0,001). Pada minggu ke 6 setelah menggunakan antipsikotik atipikal terdapat korelasi yang bermakna dengan kekuatan korelasi yang kuat antara peningkatan berat badan dan penurunan PANSS pada pasien skizofrenia (r=0,692 dan <0,001).Terdapat korelasi antara peningkatan berat badan dan respon terapi pada pasien skizofrenia yang menggunakan antipsikotik atipikal.
Práticas de leitura na era do texto digital
Authors: Duarte Elaine Cristina
Published: May 2019

O presente artigo tem como intenção de estudo fazer uma reflexão teórica sob a perspectiva da leitura literária na era do texto digital, tendo em vista que a mídia virtual tem influenciado significativamente os hábitos dos leitores. A partir desse recorte será observada a cibercultura como resultante das publicações literárias e dos novos perfis de textos, autores e leitores demarcando as diferenças entre as publicações tradicionais, no meio impresso, e as publicações virtuais. Serão enfocadas as diferenças escriturais na maneira de construir e ler o texto digital no ciberespaço a partir da relação com teorias sobre recepção e atos de leitura, dentre outros elementos teóricos.
A importância de ações educativas interdisciplinares no contexto da gravidez na adolescência
Authors: Braga Juliana Miguel , De Oliveira Giovanna Tereza Abreu
Published: May 2019

No Brasil, a literatura cientifica a respeito da maternidade na adolescência é ainda carente em investigações e o tema permanece polêmico. Agir educativamente tem sido uma forma dos profissionais da saúde conviverem com esse desafio. No campo da saúde pública, percebe-se que as ações educativas nesta área priorizam aspectos de ordem biológica, necessitando ampliar a busca por capacitação de profissionais e veiculação de informações de maneira interdisciplinar, defendendo o investimento na formação pessoa/adolescente. A partir de uma revisão bibliográfica, o presente trabalho pretende discutir o planejamento de ações educativas que consideram abordagens afetivas e sociais em conjunto com a abordagem biológica como uma contribuição para a redução da gravidez na adolescência.
Ensino de física para alunos com deficiência visual
Authors: Nunes Renato Silva , Rodrigues Adriano
Published: May 2019

O presente artigo visa refletir sobre a necessidade de professores estarem preparados para receber alunos com deficiência visual em escolas regulares de Ensino Médio, uma vez que a lei assegura-lhes o direito à educação. Foi aplicado um questionário direcionado a professores de Física que atuam no Ensino Médio sobre a sua percepção em relação a esta questão. Embora muitos tenham respondido que o sistema de avaliação deve ser o mesmo dos demais alunos com as

adaptações necessárias, ficou claro que os docentes ainda não se sentem preparados para este desafio, mesmo aqueles que possuem um maior tempo de profissão e alto grau de especialização na área em que atuam.
Lei 11.788/2008
Authors: Campos Marco Antônio Lopes
Published: May 2019

Por meio de uma cronologia histórica, do envolvimento doutrinário, jurisprudencial e trazendo, inclusive, diversas análises fáticas sobre o estágio no Brasil a partir de sua nova legislação, têm-se como objetivo deste estudo a abordagem científica da Lei no 11.788 de 25 de setembro de 2008, no tocante ao processo de amadurecimento jurídico, educacional é ético após se completar dois anos de vida. Entre diversos dispositivos a serem aqui tratados, buscar-se-á apresentar alguns princípios jurídicos, a relação diferencial entre o contrato de trabalho e o contrato de estágio e o enfoque voltado ao direito à educação, ao princípio constitucional da dignidade da pessoa humana e ao Estado Ético. Acredita-se que os recentes números e percentuais apresentados pelos órgãos de controle, demonstram que a atual lei do estágio trouxe novos filtros de segurança e condições de coibir a fraude daquelas empresas que utilizavam da antiga norma como forma de se enriquecer sob uma mão-de-obra técnica e barata. Mas talvez o que chama mais atenção perante a coletividade é a famigerada importância da evolução normativa voltada para o efetivo cumprimento das exigências educacionais e ao bem comum, para então se justificar a aplicação da referida norma jurídica durante a atividade prática do educando.
A inclusão do deficiente auditivo nas escolas regulares brasileiras
Authors: Mesquita Máira Tavares
Published: May 2019

Este artigo descreve um pouco sobre a surdez, suas causas, consequências sociais e a legislação que protege os deficientes auditivos. Trata-se de um estudo sobre os principais aspectos da inclusão. Uma escola pode ser considerada inclusiva, quando não faz distinção entre seres humanos, não seleciona ou diferencia com base em julgamentos de valores como "perfeitos e não perfeitos", "normais e anormais". É aquela que proporciona uma educação voltada para todos, de forma que qualquer aluno que dela faça parte, independentemente deste ser ou não portador de necessidades especiais, tenha condição de conhecer, aprender, viver e ser, num ambiente livre de preconceitos que estimule suas e a formação de uma consciência crítica. Muito ainda deve-se ser feito para que a inclusão do deficiente auditivo nas escolas regulares brasileiras seja eficaz. É um trabalho multidisciplinar onde professores, alunos surdos, intérpretes e alunos ouvintes aprendam a lidar com as diferenças, não para anulá-las, mas para poder usá-las como fonte de contato verdadeiro e de amadurecimento mútuo.
Bactérias intestinais e manutenção do sistema imune
Authors: De Paula Talles Prosperi
Published: May 2019

Convivemos diariamente com milhares de grupos microbianos residentes que exercem influência direta sobre o metabolismo geral de nosso organismo hospedeiro. Em especial, alguns grupos bacterianos participam ativamente na dinâmica molecular de mediadores do sistema imune, auxiliando de maneira importante a expressão proteínas reguladoras. A microbiota intestinal possui amplo papel, exercendo também auxílio na maturação e diferenciação de células de defesa. A manutenção e o controle de grupos colonizadores do intestino poderão futuramente embasar e auxiliar na terapia de tratamento de anomalias do tubo digestivo tais como colites, enterites e neoplasias; além de desordens imunológicas.
AS TÉCNICAS DE PROSPECÇÃO SÍSMICA E SEUS POSSÍVEIS EFEITOS NA ALTERAÇÃO COMPORTAMENTAL E DIVERSIDADE DOS CETÁCEOS
Authors: Reis Juliana Correia , Silveira Guilherme do Carmo
Published: May 2019

O petróleo é a principal fonte de energia utilizada no planeta, mas não provém de recursos naturais renováveis. Esse é um dos fatores que geram grandes preocupações quanto aos impactos e danos ao meio ambiente que sua extração pode causar. Atualmente, são utilizadas diversas técnicas avançadas para a sua localização e extração, o que na maioria das vezes causam impactos e geram riscos ambientais, principalmente para a biota e os ecossistemas marinhos. O método de prospecção sísmica marinha gera ondas acústicas, uma fonte de energia que libera ar comprimido à alta pressão no oceano. Estudos sobre os possíveis impactos negativos da prospecção sísmica em ambientes marinhos têm demonstrado o quanto esta atividade pode afetar a biota, modificando o ambiente de comunidades naturais e provocando a degradação dos organismos residentes. Os mamíferos marinhos podem apresentar respostas fisiológicas ou comportamentais negativas aos efeitos oriundos da poluição sonora marinha, uma vez que utilizam do som para diversas atividades comportamentais. Análises dos efeitos da sísmica marítima no comportamento dos cetáceos, principalmente na costa brasileira, ainda são escassas. O primeiro estudo realizado na costa do Brasil, relacionado ao tema, foi publicado somente em 2004. A maioria dos estudos a respeito de prospecções sísmicas é financiada diretamente por empresas que buscam explorar as regiões a fim de encontrar petróleo, tendo prazos curtos para apresentação de documentos além da necessidade de conseguir a licença para operar e produzir o mais rápido possível. Com base nas informações obtidas na literatura, fica clara a necessidade de um aprofundamento nas pesquisas relacionadas ao tema estudado, o que é evidenciado pela carência de informações e investimentos.
TÉCNICA DE MITIGAÇÃO DE CAMPO MAGNÉTICO ORIGINADO POR LINHAS DE TRANSMISSÃO AÉREAS
Authors: Nascimento Cristhian , Ferroni Eduardo H. , Carvalho Guilherme E. F. B. , Viera Hugo R. , Ortiz Lucas D.S. , Nunes Luís Gustavo M. , Lemos Renato M.
Published: May 2019

Este artigo elabora um estudo a fim de se determinar um arranjo ideal de fasesem linhas de transmissão aéreas de circuitosduplos através de uma consistente modelagem eletromagnética e posterior simulação em programaadequado, demaneira quesepossa determinaro menor valor de campo magnéticoresultante a certa altura de acordo com as normas em vigência. Osresultados são apresentados na forma de gráficos e tabelas.
ESTOCAGEM E A SAZONALIDADE DE SAÍDA DE MEDICAMENTOS E MATERIAL MÉDICO HOSPITALAR NO HOSPITAL MILITAR DE ÁREA DE PORTO ALEGRE
Authors: Bones Junes Peixoto , De Mello Ricardo Bernardes
Published: May 2019

Este trabalho tem como objetivo inicial verificar a situação atual do funcionamento da Farmácia Hospitalar do HMAPA no que tange a estocagem de medicamentos e material médico hospitalar e verificar a sazonalidade de saída destes materiais. Este intento será atingido ao realizar uma revisão bibliográfica do assunto e um trabalho de pesquisa de dados históricos junto ao SAME e da farmácia relacionando atendimentos, internações e consumo de materiais. O enfoque principal é a faixa etária da 3ª idade, principal cliente deste nosocômio, e as diferenças climáticas que ocorrem em Porto Alegre no inverno. Foi analisado também o sistema de compras destes produtos por meio da Lei das Licitações em vigor no país e que regem os procedimentos da administração pública.
O CIVIL SOB A ÉGIDE DA JUSTIÇA MILITAR DA UNIÃO
Authors: Oliveira Marcelo Charles , Figueiredo Marcelo
Published: May 2019

Este trabalho analisa a competência da Justiça Militar da União (JMU) em julgar civis perante esta justiça especializada. Tal abordagem se impõe diante da intensificação atual de operações de Garantia da Lei e da Ordem (GLO) desenvolvidas pelas Forças Armadas (FFAA), principalmente, em comunidades do Rio de Janeiro, onde o combate ao tráfico de drogas tem exigido a ação conjunta de todos os órgãos de segurança pública e das FFAA. O objetivo deste estudo, portanto, é apresentar a divergência do Supremo Tribunal federal e do Superior Tribunal Militar acerca da competência da JMU para julgar civis prevista na Constituição levantando, também, as divergências doutrinarias acerca do assunto. Esta tarefa será conseguida a partir da revisão bibliográfica, de forma indutiva, e composta por publicações especializadas e livros que tratam sobre o assunto, bem como, de artigos divulgados na Internet acerca do tema abordado no trabalho, além da legislação especifica prevista no Decreto-Lei nº 1001/69 (Código Penal Militar) e no Decreto- Lei nº 1002/69 (Código de Processo Penal Militar) e da jurisprudência. O estudo evidenciou inequívoca tendência do Supremo Tribunal Federal em descaracterizar as operações de garantia da lei e da ordem executadas por membros das Forças Armadas como sendo de natureza militar e, portanto, indicando como justiça competente para julgar este tipo de litigio, a justiça comum. No caminho contrário, o Superior Tribunal Militar atrai para si a competência, uma vez que entende que as operações GLO faz parte do rol de missões institucionais das Forças Armadas.
CONSTRUÇÃO DE UMA BENGALA ELETRÔNICA PARA DEFICIENTE VISUAL
Authors: Almeida Alexandre Renato , Dos Santos Jhones Clay , Rodrigues Marlon Hugo , De Mello Ricardo Bernardes
Published: May 2019

O tema abordado neste projeto consiste na construção de uma bengala eletrônica para auxiliar deficientes visuais em sua locomoção, através de diversas pesquisas realizadas, notou-se que o crescente número de pessoas, portadoras de tal deficiência em nosso país é cada vez maior e com isso, maiores são as dificuldades que estes enfrentam no seu dia-a-dia. Sendo assim, com o intuito de auxilia-los em sua locomoção, o protótipo a ser desenvolvido consiste em acoplar sensores de obstáculos e motores de vibração a uma bengala, utilizando-se meios de tecnologia de hardware e software livre que proporcione um custo mais acessível para estas pessoas.
Effect of Mix Proportion Parameters on Behaviors of Basalt Fiber RPC Based on Box-Behnken Model
Authors: Liu Hanbing , Liu Shiqi , Wang Shurong , Gao Xin , Gong Yafeng
Published: May 2019

Basalt fibers are widely used in the modification of concrete materials due to its excellent mechanical properties and corrosion resistance. In this study, the basalt fibers were used to modify reactive powder concrete (RPC). The effect of four mix proportion parameters on the working and mechanical properties of basalt fiber reactive powder concrete (BFRPC) was evaluated by the response surface methodology (RSM). The fluidity, flexural and compressive strength were tested and evaluated. A statistically experimental model indicated that D (the silica fume to cement ratio) was the key of interactions between factors, affecting other factors and controlling properties of BFRPC. The increase in basalt fiber content had a remarkable effect on increasing the flexural and compressive strength when D = 0.2. The addition of basalt fiber obviously improved the mechanical properties of RPC. While when D = 0.4, the decrease of fiber content and the increase of quartz sand content could increase the compressive strength.
Multi-Attribute Recognition of Facial Images Considering Exclusive and Correlated Relationship Among Attributes
Authors: Hyun Changhun , Seo Jeongin , Lee Kyeong Eun , Park Hyeyoung
Published: May 2019

Multi-attribute recognition is one of the main topics attaining much attention in the pattern recognition field these days. The conventional approaches to multi-attribute recognition has mainly focused on developing an individual classifier for each attribute. However, due to rapid growth of deep learning techniques, multi-attribute recognition using multi-task learning enables the simultaneous recognition of more than two relevant recognition tasks through a single network. A number of studies on multi-task learning have shown that it is effective in improving recognition performance for all tasks when related tasks are learned together. However, since there are no specific criteria for determining the relationship among attributes, it is difficult and confusing to choose a good combination of tasks that have a positive impact on recognition performance. As one way to solve this problem, we propose a multi-attribute recognition method based on the novel output representations of a deep learning network which automatically learns the exclusive and joint relationship among attribute recognition tasks. We apply our proposed method to multi-attribute recognition of facial images, and confirm the effectiveness through experiments on a benchmark database.
Ground Subsidence Investigation in Fuoshan, China, Based on SBAS-InSAR Technology with TerraSAR-X Images
Authors: Zhu Yikai , Xing Xuemin , Chen Lifu , Yuan Zhihui , Tang Pingying
Published: May 2019

Highways built on soft clay subgrade are more prone to subsidence due to the geotechnical characteristics of soft clay. Monitoring ground movements in this area is significant for understanding the deformation dynamics and reducing maintenance cost as well. In this paper, small baseline subset synthetic aperture radar interferometry (SBAS-InSAR) technique is exploited to obtain and investigate the time series ground surface deformation after the construction of a road embankment over soft clay settlement. Considering the important effect of temporal deformation models on the final accuracy of estimated deformation, both the linear velocity model and seasonal deformation model are utilized to conduct the comparative investigation of deformation time series. Two highways in Fuoshan, China—G1501 Guangzhou Belt Highway and Lungui Highway—were selected as the test area. Thirteen TerraSAR-X images acquired from October 2014 to November 2015 were analyzed. Comparative study based on two groups of analyses generated from the two models for both highways were conducted. Consequently, several feature points distributed near the two highways were analyzed in detail to understand the temporal evolution of the settlement. In order to evaluate the reliability of our measurements, the residual phase was analyzed to assess the modelling accuracy of the two models. In addition, leveling data were also used to validate the experimental results. Our measurements suggest that the seasonal model is more suitable for the test highways, with an accuracy of ±3 mm with respect to the leveling results.
Effect of Nanoparticles Addition on the Microstructure and Properties of Lead-Free Solders: A Review
Authors: Zhang Peng , Xue Songbai , Wang Jianhao , Xue Peng , Zhong Sujuan , Long Weimin
Published: May 2019

With the development of microelectronic packaging and increasingly specific service environment of solder joints, much stricter requirements have been placed on the properties of lead-free solders. On account of small size effect and high surface energy, nanoparticles have been widely used to improve the microstructure and properties of lead-free solders. Therefore, the composite solders bearing nanoparticles have recently attracted wide attention. This article reviewed the recent research on SnAgCu, SnBi, and SnZn composite solder alloys and introduced the effect of nanoparticles on their microstructure, mechanical properties, wettability, and reliability. The mechanism of nanoparticles strengthening was analyzed and summarized. In addition, the shortcomings and future development trends of nanoparticle-reinforced lead-free solders were discussed, which is expected to provide some theoretical reference for the application of these composite solder in 3D IC package.
Influence of Ultraviolet Aging on Adhesion Performance of Warm Mix Asphalt Based on the Surface Free Energy Theory
Authors: Li Bo , Wang Yu , Ren Xiaoyu , Teng Xuqiu , Su Xiuli
Published: May 2019

To explore the effect of ultraviolet (UV) aging on the adhesion properties of warm mix asphalt (WMA), WMA binders were prepared by adding Evotherm M1 and Sasobit into base asphalt. The base asphalt and two WMA binders were aged using a self-made UV aging box after a rolling thin-film oven test (RTFOT). As a comparison, pressure aging vessel (PAV) tests were performed for asphalt binders after RTFOT. The contact angles between the WMA binder and distilled water, glycerol, and formamide, before and after UV aging, were measured using the sessile drop method. On the basis of the surface free energy (SFE) theory, the SFE and its components, cohesion work, adhesion work, peeling work, and compatibility rate, before and after the UV aging of WMA, were obtained. The results show that the contact angle between WMA and water gradually increases with the degree of UV aging, which indicates that the aging increases the hydrophobicity of asphalt. After the RTFOT aging, UV aging at different times, and PAV aging, the SFE and its component, as well as cohesion work for all asphalt binders were reduced. The attenuation was severe after UV aging, followed by PAV aging and RTFOT aging. With the extension of UV aging time, the adhesion work, hot mix asphalt, and limestone aggregate compatibility rate gradually reduced, the peeling work increased, and the overall adhesion performance became poor. Under the aging effect of RTFOT and PAV, the Evotherm M1 WMA had the strongest anti-peeling ability, better compatibility, and the best adhesion. When the UV aging time of Sasobit WMA reached 100 h, the adhesion performance increased.
Automatic Identification of Bridge Vortex-Induced Vibration Using Random Decrement Method
Authors: Huang Zhiwen , Li Yanzhe , Hua Xugang , Chen Zhengqing , Wen Qing
Published: May 2019

Vortex-induced vibration (VIV) has been occasionally observed on a few long-span steel box-girder suspension bridges. The underlying mechanism of VIV is very complicated and reliable theoretical methods for prediction of VIV have not been established yet. Structural health monitoring (SHM) technology can provide a large amount of data for further understanding of VIV. Automatic identification of VIV events from massive, continuous long-term monitoring data is a non-trivial task. In this study, a method based on the random decrement technique (RDT) is proposed to identify the VIV response automatically from the massive acceleration response without manual intervention. The raw acceleration data is first processed by RDT and it is found that the RDT-processed data show different characteristics for the VIV response and conventional random response. A threshold based on the coefficient of variation (COV) of peak values of processed data is defined to distinguish between the two kinds of responses. Both random vibration and VIV for a three-DOF (degree-of-freedom) mass-spring-damper system are obtained by numerical simulation to verify the proposed method. The method is finally applied to the Xihoumen suspension bridge for identifying VIV response from three-month monitoring data. It is shown that the proposed method performs comparably with the method of novelty detection. A total of 60 VIV events have been successfully identified. Vortex-induced vibrations for the second to ninth vertical modes with modal frequency within 0.1~0.5 Hz occurs at wind velocity 5–18 m/s, with wind direction nearly perpendicular to bridge axis. Amplitude of VIV generally decreases with increase of wind turbulence intensity; however, noticeable VIV amplitude are still observed for turbulence intensity up to 13% in some cases.
Clinical Value of Circulating Microribonucleic Acids miR-1 and miR-21 in Evaluating the Diagnosis of Acute Heart Failure in Asymptomatic Type 2 Diabetic Patients
Authors: Al-Hayali Mutaa Abdalmutaleb , Sozer Volkan , Durmus Sinem , Erdenen Fusun , Altunoglu Esma , Gelisgen Remise , Atukeren Pınar , Atak Palmet Gun , Uzun Hafize
Published: May 2019

To investigate whether the circulating miR-1 (microRNA-1) and miR-21 expression might be used in the diagnosis of heart failure (HF) and silent coronary artery disease (SCAD) in asymptomatic type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients and to explore the relationship of these miRs with N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and galectin-3. One hundred thirty-five consecutive patients with T2DM and 45 matched control subjects were enrolled in the study. This study consisted of the following four groups: control group (mean age: 60.23 ± 6.27 years, female/male (F/M): 23/22); diabetic group (DM) (mean age: 61.50 ± 5.08, F/M: 23/22); DM + SCAD group (mean age: 61.61 ± 6.02, F/M: 20/25); and DM + acute HF group (mean age: 62.07 ± 5.26 years, F/M: 20/25). miR-1 was downregulated in the DM, CAD + DM and HF + DM groups by 0.54, 0.54, and 0.12 fold as compared with controls, respectively. The miR-1 levels were significantly lower in HF + DM than DM with 0.22 fold changes (p < 0.001); and in patients with CAD + DM group with 0.22 fold changes (p < 0.001). Similarly, miR-21 was overexpressed in patients with DM, CAD + DM, and HF + DM with 1.30, 1.79 and 2.21 fold changes as compared with controls, respectively. An interesting finding is that the miR-21 expression was significantly higher in the HF + DM group as compared with the CAD + DM group; miR-1 was negatively correlated with NT-proBNP (r = −0.891, p < 0.001) and galectin-3 (r = −0.886, p < 0.001) in the HF + DM group; and miR-21 showed a strongly positive correlation with (r = 0.734, p < 0.001) and galectin-3 (r = 0.764. p < 0.001) in the HF + DM group. These results suggest that the circulating decreased miR-1 and increased miR-21 expression are associated with NT-proBNP and galectin-3 levels in acute HF + DM. Especially the miR-21 expression might be useful in predicting the onset of acute HF in asymptomatic T2DM patients. The miR-21 expression is more valuable than the miR-1 expression in predicting cardiovascular events of acute HF and the combined analysis of miR-21 expression, galectin-3, and NT-proBNP can increase the predictive value of miR-21 expression.
Evaluation of Postnatal Sedation in Full-Term Infants
Authors: Solodiuk Jean Carmela , Jennings Russell William , Bajic Dusica
Published: May 2019

Prolonged sedation in infants leads to a high incidence of physical dependence. We inquired: (1) “How long does it take to develop physical dependence to sedation in previously naïve full-term infants without known history of neurologic impairment?” and (2) “What is the relationship between length of sedation to length of weaning and hospital stay?”. The retrospective study included full-term patients over a period of one year that were <1 year of age and received opioids and benzodiazepines >72 hours. Quantification of fentanyl, morphine, and midazolam were compared among three time periods: <5 days, 5–30 days, and >30 days using t-test or one-way analysis of variance. Identified full-term infants were categorized into surgical (14/44) or medical (10/44) groups, while those with neurological involvement (20/44) were excluded. Physical dependence in full-term infants occurred following sedation ≥5 days. Infants with surgical disease received escalating doses of morphine and midazolam when administered >30 days. A positive association between length of sedation and weaning period was found for both respiratory (p < 0.01) and surgical disease (p = 0.012) groups, while length of sedation is related to hospital stay for the respiratory (p < 0.01) but not the surgical disease group (p = 0.1). Future pharmacological directions should lead to standardized sedation protocols and evaluate patient neurocognitive outcomes.
Fibroblast-Mediated Immunoregulation of Macrophage Function Is Maintained after Irradiation
Authors: Berzaghi Rodrigo , Ahktar Muhammad Asad , Islam Ashraful , Pedersen Brede D. , Hellevik Turid , Martinez-Zubiaurre Inigo
Published: May 2019

The abilities of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) to regulate immune responses in the context of radiotherapy remain largely unknown. This study was undertaken to determine whether ionizing radiation alters the CAF-mediated immunoregulatory effects on macrophages. CAFs were isolated from freshly-resected non-small cell lung cancer tumors, while monocyte-derived macrophages were prepared from peripheral blood of healthy donors. Experimental settings included both (CAF-macrophage) co-cultures and incubations of M0 and M1-macrophages in the presence of CAF-conditioned medium (CAF-CM). Functional assays to study macrophage polarization/activation included the expression of cell surface markers, production of nitric oxide, secretion of inflammatory cytokines and migratory capacity. We show that CAFs promote changes in M0-macrophages that harmonize with both M1-and M2-phenotypes. Additionally, CAFs inhibit pro-inflammatory features of M1-macrophages by reducing nitric oxide production, pro-inflammatory cytokines, migration, and M1-surface markers expression. Radiation delivered as single-high dose or in fractioned regimens did not modify the immunoregulatory features exerted by CAFs over macrophages in vitro. Protein expression analyses of CAF supernatants showed that irradiated and non-irradiated CAFs produce approximately the same protein levels of immunoregulators. Thus, CAF-derived soluble factors mediate measurable changes on uncommitted macrophages and down-regulate pro-inflammatory features of M1-polarized macrophages. Notably, ionizing radiation does not curtail the CAF-mediated immunosuppressive effects.
Role of Integrins in Resistance to Therapies Targeting Growth Factor Receptors in Cancer
Authors: Cruz da Silva Elisabete , Dontenwill Monique , Choulier Laurence , Lehmann Maxime
Published: May 2019

Integrins contribute to cancer progression and aggressiveness by activating intracellular signal transduction pathways and transducing mechanical tension forces. Remarkably, these adhesion receptors share common signaling networks with receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) and support their oncogenic activity, thereby promoting cancer cell proliferation, survival and invasion. During the last decade, preclinical studies have revealed that integrins play an important role in resistance to therapies targeting RTKs and their downstream pathways. A remarkable feature of integrins is their wide-ranging interconnection with RTKs, which helps cancer cells to adapt and better survive therapeutic treatments. In this context, we should consider not only the integrins expressed in cancer cells but also those expressed in stromal cells, since these can mechanically increase the rigidity of the tumor microenvironment and confer resistance to treatment. This review presents some of these mechanisms and outlines new treatment options for improving the efficacy of therapies targeting RTK signaling.
Structural, Optical, Band Edge and Enhanced Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting Properties of Tin-Doped WO3
Authors: Kalanur Shankara S.
Published: May 2019

The substitutional doping of tungsten oxide (WO3) with metal ions demonstrates a promising approach to enhance its photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting efficiency. In this article, the substitutional doping of Sn ions into WO3 lattice and its effect on optical, electrical, band edge, and PEC water splitting properties are explored. Sn-doped WO3 thin films were synthesized using a facile hydrothermal method. The characterization data reveal that the doping of Sn alters the morphology, induces multiple crystal phases, effects the crystal orientation, reduces the band gap, and increases the carrier density of WO3. With the uniform distribution of Sn ions in WO3 and the decreased charge transfer resistance at the electrode/electrolyte interface, the doped WO3 show notable enhancement in its PEC activity compared to the undoped WO3. The band edge study revealed that the introduction of Sn in WO3 lattice causes an increase in the energy distance between the valence band edge and Fermi level and, at the same time, induces a downward shift in both the valence and conduction band edges towards higher potentials with respect to reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE). Conclusively, this work shows significant and new insights about Sn-doped WO3 photoanodes and their influence on PEC water splitting efficiency.
Engineering Ternary Copper-Cobalt Sulfide Nanosheets as High-performance Electrocatalysts toward Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Luo Heng , Lei Hang , Yuan Yufei , Liang Yongyin , Qiu Yi , Zhu Zonglong , Wang Zilong
Published: May 2019

The rational design and development of the low-cost and effective electrocatalysts toward oxygen evolution reaction (OER) are essential in the storage and conversion of clean and renewable energy sources. Herein, a ternary copper-cobalt sulfide nanosheets electrocatalysts (denoted as CuCoS/CC) for electrochemical water oxidation has been synthesized on carbon cloth (CC) via the sulfuration of CuCo-based precursors. The obtained CuCoS/CC reveals excellent electrocatalytic performance toward OER in 1.0 M KOH. It exhibits a particularly low overpotential of 276 mV at current density of 10 mA cm−2, and a small Tafel slope (58 mV decade−1), which is superior to the current commercialized noble-metal electrocatalysts, such as IrO2. Benefiting from the synergistic effect of Cu and Co atoms and sulfidation, electrons transport and ions diffusion are significantly enhanced with the increase of active sites, thus the kinetic process of OER reaction is boosted. Our studies will serve as guidelines in the innovative design of non-noble metal electrocatalysts and their application in electrochemical water splitting
Application of Cancer Organoid Model for Drug Screening and Personalized Therapy
Authors: Kondo Jumpei , Inoue Masahiro
Published: May 2019

Drug screening—i.e., testing the effects of a number of drugs in multiple cell lines—is used for drug discovery and development, and can also be performed to evaluate the heterogeneity of a disease entity. Notably, intertumoral heterogeneity is a large hurdle to overcome for establishing standard cancer treatment, necessitating disease models better than conventional established 2D cell lines for screening novel treatment candidates. In the present review, we outline recent progress regarding experimental cancer models having more physiological and clinical relevance for drug screening, which are important for the successful evaluation of cellular response to drugs. The review is particularly focused on drug screening using the cancer organoid model, which is emerging as a better physiological disease model than conventional established 2D cell lines. We also review the use of cancer organoids to examine intertumor and intratumor heterogeneity, and introduce the perspective of the clinical use of cancer organoids to enable precision medicine.
Limitations in the Design of Chimeric Antigen Receptors for Cancer Therapy
Authors: Stoiber Stefan , Cadilha Bruno L. , Benmebarek Mohamed-Reda , Lesch Stefanie , Endres Stefan , Kobold Sebastian
Published: May 2019

Cancer therapy has entered a new era, transitioning from unspecific chemotherapeutic agents to increasingly specific immune-based therapeutic strategies. Among these, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells have shown unparalleled therapeutic potential in treating refractory hematological malignancies. In contrast, solid tumors pose a much greater challenge to CAR T cell therapy, which has yet to be overcome. As this novel therapeutic modality matures, increasing effort is being invested to determine the optimal structure and properties of CARs to facilitate the transition from empirical testing to the rational design of CAR T cells. In this review, we highlight how individual CAR domains contribute to the success and failure of this promising treatment modality and provide an insight into the most notable advances in the field of CAR T cell engineering.
ER-Targeted Beclin 1 Supports Autophagosome Biogenesis in the Absence of ULK1 and ULK2 Kinases
Authors: Anwar Tahira , Liu Xiaonan , Suntio Taina , Marjamäki Annika , Biazik Joanna , Chan Edmond Y. W. , Varjosalo Markku , Eskelinen Eeva-Liisa
Published: May 2019

Autophagy transports cytoplasmic material and organelles to lysosomes for degradation and recycling. Beclin 1 forms a complex with several other autophagy proteins and functions in the initiation phase of autophagy, but the exact role of Beclin 1 subcellular localization in autophagy initiation is still unclear. In order to elucidate the role of Beclin 1 localization in autophagosome biogenesis, we generated constructs that target Beclin 1 to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) or mitochondria. Our results confirmed the proper organelle-specific targeting of the engineered Beclin 1 constructs, and the proper formation of autophagy-regulatory Beclin 1 complexes. The ULK kinases are required for autophagy initiation upstream of Beclin 1, and autophagosome biogenesis is severely impaired in ULK1/ULK2 double knockout cells. We tested whether Beclin 1 targeting facilitated its ability to rescue autophagosome formation in ULK1/ULK2 double knockout cells. ER-targeted Beclin 1 was most effective in the rescue experiments, while mitochondria-targeted and non-targeted Beclin 1 also showed an ability to rescue, but with lower activity. However, none of the constructs was able to increase autophagic flux in the knockout cells. We also showed that wild type Beclin 1 was enriched on the ER during autophagy induction, and that ULK1/ULK2 facilitated the ER-enrichment of Beclin 1 under basal conditions. The results suggest that one of the functions of ULK kinases may be to enhance Beclin 1 recruitment to the ER to drive autophagosome formation.
Sex-Gender Variable: Methodological Recommendations for Increasing Scientific Value of Clinical Studies
Authors: Franconi Flavia , Campesi Ilaria , Colombo Delia , Antonini Paola
Published: May 2019

There is a clear sex–gender gap in the prevention and occurrence of diseases, and in the outcomes and treatments, which is relevant to women in the majority of cases. Attitudes concerning the enrollment of women in randomized clinical trials have changed over recent years. Despite this change, a gap still exists. This gap is linked to biological factors (sex) and psycho-social, cultural, and environmental factors (gender). These multidimensional, entangled, and interactive factors may influence the pharmacological response. Despite the fact that regulatory authorities recognize the importance of sex and gender, there is a paucity of research focusing on the racial/ethnic, socio-economic, psycho-social, and environmental factors that perpetuate disparities. Research and clinical practice must incorporate all of these factors to arrive at an intersectional and system-scenario perspective. We advocate for scientifically rigorous evaluations of the interplay between sex and gender as key factors in performing clinical trials, which are more adherent to real-life. This review proposes a set of 12 rules to improve clinical research for integrating sex–gender into clinical trials.
Atomistic Modeling of Various Doped Mg2NiH4 as Conversion Electrode Materials for Lithium Storage
Authors: Qian Zhao , Jiang Guanzhong , Ren Yingying , Nie Xi , Ahuja Rajeev
Published: May 2019

In this work, we have compared the potential applications of nine different elements doped Mg2NiH4 as conversion-type electrode materials in Li-ion batteries by means of state-of-the-art Density functional theory calculations. The electrochemical properties, such as specific capacity, volume change and average voltage, as well as the atomic and electronic structures of different doped systems have been investigated. The Na doping can improve the electrochemical capacity of the pristine material. Si and Ti doping can reduce the band gap and benefit the electronic conductivity of electrode materials. All of the nine doping elements can help to reduce the average voltage of negative electrodes and lead to reasonable volume changes. According to the computational screening, the Na, Si and Ti doping elements are thought to be promising to enhance the comprehensive properties of pure material. This theoretical study is proposed to encourage and expedite the development of metal-hydrides based lithium-storage materials.
Plant Part Age and Size Affect Sessile Macrobenthic Assemblages Associated with a Foliose Red Algae Phycodrys rubens in the White Sea
Authors: Chava Alexandra , Artemieva Anna , Yakovis Eugeniy
Published: May 2019

Facilitation by foundation species commonly structures terrestrial and marine communities. Intraspecific variation in individual properties of these strong facilitators can affect the whole suite of the dependent taxa. Marine macroalgae often act as ecosystem engineers, providing shelter and substrate for numerous associated organisms. Epibiosis of foliose red algae, however, remains underexplored, especially in the high latitudes. Here we studied sessile macrobenthic assemblages associated with a foliose red algae Phycodrys rubens in the White Sea (66° N) shallow subtidal, and the effect of individual plant properties on their structure. The blades of P. rubens develop annually, and it is possible to tell the young (usually larger) plant parts from the old ones. We hypothesized that epibenthic community structure depends on plant part age and size. We examined epibiosis on 110 plants at two sites, and the results generally supported our hypotheses. Old plant parts were several times smaller, and had higher total cover than young parts. Sponges strongly dominated the epibiosis on old parts, and young parts were dominated by polychaetes and bryozoans. Plant part surface area negatively correlated with total cover on young parts, while on old parts the relatioship was location-specific. On young parts the relative abundance of a polychaete Circeis armoricana increased with surface area, and the proportion of sponges decreased. The patterns indicate that epibenthic community structure is linked to the demography of an ecosystem engineer.
Non-Equilibrium Thermodynamics of Micro Technologies
Authors: Torabi Mohsen , Karimi Nader , Ghiaasiaan Mostafa , Wongwises Somchai
Published: May 2019

This is the Editorial article summarizing the scope and contents of the Special Issue, Non-Equilibrium Thermodynamics of Micro Technologies.
Wavelet-Integrated Deep Networks for Single Image Super-Resolution
Authors: Sahito Faisal , Zhiwen Pan , Ahmed Junaid , Memon Raheel Ahmed
Published: May 2019

We propose a scale-invariant deep neural network model based on wavelets for single image super-resolution (SISR). The wavelet approximation images and their corresponding wavelet sub-bands across all predefined scale factors are combined to form a big training data set. Then, mappings are determined between the wavelet sub-band images and their corresponding approximation images. Finally, the gradient clipping process is used to boost the training speed of the algorithm. Furthermore, stationary wavelet transform (SWT) is used instead of a discrete wavelet transform (DWT), due to its up-scaling property. In this way, we can preserve more information about the images. In the proposed model, the high-resolution image is recovered with detailed features, due to redundancy (across the scale) property of wavelets. Experimental results show that the proposed model outperforms state-of-the algorithms in terms of peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) and structural similarity index measure (SSIM).