bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EPOXY ANTIFRICTION COATINGS FILLED WITH THE RICE HUSKS ASH TREATED WITH SURFACTANTS
Authors:   A.N. Tupolev Kazan National Research Technical University – KAI, Valeeva A. R. , Gotlib E. M. ,   Kazan National Research Technological University, Yamaleeva E. S. ,   Kazan National Research Technological University
Published: October 2021

The use of epoxy antifriction coatings can significantly reduce thermal stress in the friction zone and expand the coating working temperature interval while keeping high wear resistance. The paper considers the effect of non-activated and activated by surfactants silicate filler – rice husk ash on the physicochemical and mechanical properties of epoxy materials applied as antifriction coatings. All studied samples of rice husk ash, both initial and activated with surfactants, have an alkaline surface nature. The study identified that all cationic quaternary ammonium salts (QAS) reduce the pH of rice husk ash. At the same time, nonionic OXIPAV increases this indicator. Activation of the rice husk ash surface, both by the quaternary ammonium salts and aminosilanes, significantly reduces the porosity of this silicate. In this case, the average pore diameter does not change significantly, and their specific surface area decreases significantly, to a lesser extent, when activated by nonionic quaternary ammonium salts. The application of quaternary ammonium salts and aminosilanes in the amount of 33 % for activation of the surface of the investigated silicate filler reduces its modifying effect in epoxy compositions, regardless of the chemical structure of the surfactants used, which is not a typical effect. Therefore, the authors assumed that the suboptimal concentration of quaternary ammonium salts and aminosilanes was used. The study identified that the optimal concentration of 50 % alcohol solution of KATAPAV is 14.7–21 %. In this range of the QAS content, there is a significant increase in hardness (about 40 %), a slight decrease in wear (about 10 %), and a significant decrease in the coefficient of static friction (up to 2 times). At the same time, the authors observed an increase in adhesion to metal up to 3 times and bending strength up to 25 %. Thus, rice husk ash activated with an optimal amount of quaternary ammonium salts is an effective modifier of epoxy coatings, which improves their antifriction properties and increases wear resistance, hardness, strength, and adhesion characteristics.
THE INFLUENCE OF ELEMENTAL POWDER RAW MATERIAL ON THE FORMATION OF THE POROUS FRAME OF TI3ALC2 MAX-PHASE WHEN OBTAINING BY THE SHS METHOD
Authors:   Samara State Technical University, Davydov D. M. , Umerov E. R. ,   Samara State Technical University, Latukhin E. I. ,   Samara State Technical University, Amosov A. P. ,   Samara State Technical University
Published: October 2021

The ternary carbide compound Ti3AlC2 belongs to the so-called MAX-phases – a new type of ceramic materials with unique properties. A simple energy-saving method of self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) based on combustion is one of the promising methods for the production of this MAX-phase. The application of the SHS technology is to produce a Ti3AlC2 MAX-phase porous frame with the homogeneous porous structure without such defects as large pores, laminations, and cracks is of great interest. The paper investigates the possibility of producing such a porous frame with the maximum content of the Ti3AlC2 MAX-phase using powders of Ti, Al, and C elements of various grades different in particle sizes and carbon forms (soot or graphite) as initial components. Porous frame samples were produced by the open-air burning of pressed briquettes of charge of the initial powders of the selected grades without applying external pressure. The authors studied the macro- and microstructure of the obtained samples, their density, and phase composition. The study shows that using the finest titanium and carbon powders leads to the excessively active combustion with gas evolution and the synthesis of the defective porous samples with the charge briquette shape distortion, large pores, laminations, and cracks. Besides the titanium carbide by-phase, the highest values for the MAX-phase amount in the SHS-product were obtained using the titanium powder of the largest-size fraction together with the graphite powder, rather than soot. The excess aluminum powder addition to the stoichiometric ratio to the initial charge leads to an increase in the MAX-phase amount in the SHS product, compensating for the loss of aluminum due to evaporation. An increase in the sample volume (scale factor) also leads to an increase in the MAX-phase amount in the SHS product due to the slower cooling of the product after the reaction.
THE SUBJECTIVE ASPECT OF TRANSPORT OFFENSES IN THE RUSSIAN LEGISLATION OF THE XVI–XIX CENTURIES
Authors:   Togliatti State University, Skvoznikov A. N.
Published: October 2021

The constant need of researchers for the advanced study of the problems of guilt and responsibility is caused both by the tasks of improving legislation and law enforcement practice and the variability of people’s ideas about the grounds, limits, forms, and purposes of personal responsibility, and ideas reflecting the actual process of the historical development of social relations and the practice of their legal regulation. Using the methods of historical-legal and comparative-legal analysis, the author studied the activity of the legislator on distinguishing the intent and negligence as two forms of guilt when committing transport offenses, as well as differentiating between guilty infliction of harm and an incident. The author concluded that in the sources of Russian law of the 16th–19th centuries, the legislator strongly focuses on the internal (subjective) attitude of a person to a committed offense and its consequences, including transport offenses. The discovery and consideration of such signs of the subjective aspect of an act as guilt, motive, and purpose significantly influenced the act classification and the punishment appointment or led to release from liability due to the absence of the subjective aspect of an offense (guilt) as one of the elements of a crime. The study shows how the legislator considered the influence of a person’s subjective attitude to the committed act when establishing legal responsibility. The research indicates that a comprehensive understanding of guilt as an integral characteristic of a wrongful act, covering the relations between consciousness and will of a person both with the objective properties of own actions and its public assessment, began to develop in Russian law in the 17th century.
TO THE QUESTION OF CHANGES IN THE STRATEGY OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION NATIONAL SECURITY IN 2021
Authors:   Togliatti State University, Aleksandrov I. A.
Published: October 2021

The paper considers a number of changes made to the Strategy of the Russian Federation National Security, which was approved by the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation on July 2, 2021, in comparison with the previous strategy approved in 2015. The study is important since a new strategy has been recently enacted, and a uniform understanding of the key concepts reflected in this document seems essential. Some issues related to the fixed definitions of such concepts as “national security of the Russian Federation”, “national interests of the Russian Federation”, “strategic national priorities of the Russian Federation”, “national security protection”, “threat to national security”, “national security protection system” are analyzed. The study compares the definition of the concept “national security” fixed in the Strategy of the Russian Federation National Security, which was approved in 2021, with the options for other definitions given in the similar documents that were previously in force in Russia during the post-Soviet period of Russian history. The study additionally focuses on the transformation of national interests of the Russian Federation, which are enlisted in the recent strategy. In particular, the paper discusses the wording “saving the people of Russia, developing human potential, improving the quality of life and the well-being of citizens”. The author emphasizes that undervaluation of the strategic importance of the social sphere as a security factor in the course of economic and political reforms may cause threat of loss of citizens’ confidence in government officials, which, under certain conditions, can lead society and the country to a constitutional crisis and the collapse of federal status.
ORGANIZATION OF STUDENT UNDERSTANDING OF EDUCATIONAL MATERIAL (ON THE MATERIALS OF TEACHING SOCIAL AND HUMANITARIAN SUBJECTS AT A PUBLIC SCHOOL)
Authors:   Lugansk State Pedagogical University, Dyatlova E. N.
Published: October 2021

The research paper studies the didactic features of the organization and management of the process of comprehension of social and humanitarian knowledge by the public school students. The author presents the results of the research focused on the development and implementation of both the didactic structure of the organization and management of students’ understanding of instruction materials and the didactic means used to solve the issues related to implementing the proposed didactic structure and improving the efficiency of instruction material. The didactic structure of the organization and management of students’ understanding of social and humanitarian knowledge is described as a specific system, which includes motivating students to learn and understand the learning material; organizing and conducting active reflection based on the use of appropriate techniques and teaching methods; discovery and consolidation of new knowledge, formation of concepts. The paper presents the results of the system experimental testing, data of a comprehensive study of the level and nature of student motivation to understand social and humanitarian concepts based on the application of the methodology used for determining the educational activity motivation, its levels and types, methods for determining the depth and stability of cognitive interest and the depth of knowledge of the subject, methods for identifying the educational motivation orientation. The paper describes the problematic questions, situations, and tasks that prove highly effective in the process of organizing active understanding of learning materials. The author presents intermediate and final results of the experiment based on the criteria specification and level development measurement of student thinking activity using such methods as Short Screening Test (to determine an integral indicator of general abilities), School Test of Mental Development, Intellectual Lability. The experiment proves that the level of student thinking activity development has increased by 10%, the activity of students in comprehending social and humanitarian concepts and knowledge has intensified. The results of the research clarify the potential role of problematic questions, situations, and tasks to enhance students’ mental activity, and determine the effectiveness of the didactic structure of organizing comprehension of social and humanitarian concepts.
FEATURES OF ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE IN THE UNITS OF THE CRIMINAL EXECUTIVE SYSTEM
Authors:   Samara State University of Social Sciences and Education, Yarushkin N. N. , Levina E. A. ,   Administration of Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia in the Samara Region, Satonina N. N. ,   Samara State Technical University
Published: October 2021

The paper presents the analysis of the results of a mass anonymous questionnaire survey of the criminal executive system employees of the Samara region, which identified some characteristics of the organizational culture of this system manifested in the form of group values, attitudes, behavioral norms, rules, customs, and traditions regulating the professional behavior of employees. According to the opinion of most surveyed employees, such most expressed characteristics are moderation in duty relations; the use of various communication forms among the employees; the uniformity in the style of dress (clothes); strict attitude to the time, punctuality. The opinions of the surveyed employees are divided approximately equally regarding other organizational culture characteristics – food etiquette; formalization degree of relations between employees; the level of formedness of values and norms of professional behavior, worldviews; the existence of conditions for development and self-fulfillment of employees; the attitude towards the job as to a value, attitude to one’s obligations, the interrelation between the results of the work and their remuneration, the existence of planning of the staff employment career. The authors specified factors influencing the formation of these characteristics. They are strict regulation of professional activity, possible extremality related to the aggression from the convicts, and some unfavorable work conditions. All these can lead to emotional burnout and professional deformation of the employees’ personalities. In such conditions, the organizational culture characteristics can be formed, which negatively reflect upon personal and business interrelations of employees, their attitude towards the convicts, and their own professional activity. The authors give recommendations aimed at the optimization of organizational culture characteristics at the divisions of the criminal executive system of the Samara Region.
MODELING AND FORECASTING OF CONTROL SYSTEM INDICATORS IN THE MARI EL REPUBLIC
Authors:   Mari State University, Ignasheva T. A.
Published: October 2021

The emerging clear tendency of the reduction in the number of employees of state authorities and the system of local self-government indicates the decrease in the attractiveness of this area of activity for young personnel. It is advisable to start the analysis of the local government system development by studying its structure at the municipalities’ level of the region. The author uses the cluster analysis methods, which are the main components implementing the inductive and deductive research algorithms, adaptive forecasting methods based on exponential smoothing, autoregression, and integrated running aggregate techniques. The paper presents the classification of the Mari El municipalities according to the indicators of the local self-government system development, specifies the least and the most numerous clusters, and gives their characteristics. The author formed aggregate indicators influencing the average monthly salary of civil servants and municipal employees of local government structures. Classification of municipalities in the region shows that most districts are represented by the average wage of employees of the governing authorities. Considering the fact that the Mari El Republic is characterized by low wage levels compared to other subjects of the Volga Federal District, the study allows concluding that the level of remuneration of employees of the local government system is a key factor determining the attractiveness of this sphere in the labor market of municipalities of the region. Formed aggregated indicators at the level of the Republic, as a whole, show the maximum impact of urban indicators on the overall development of local governing structures.
THE MODEL OF ECONOMIC SECURITY ASSESSMENT DESIGNED USING THE METHODS OF CORRELATION AND REGRESSION ANALYSIS
Authors:   The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA), Ilyin P. A.
Published: October 2021

In the context of a slowdown in the growth of the world economy, and the national economies reformatting as a result of sanitary and epidemiological restrictions, the issue of establishing economic security criteria and indicators at various levels of the economy becomes urgent. The primary element of the Russian economy creating goods, performing work, and providing services is an enterprise. Since currently, there are different scientific points of view, and there is no unified approach to this issue, there is a need to create a scientifically based model, including using mathematical methods, for assessing the viability of an enterprise regarding the safety of its vital interests. Using the correlation and regression analysis, the author studies the linear dependence of economic security general level on the corresponding financial indicators, which are formed based on fifty simulated financial and economic situations in the company’s activities. To analyze, the author uses the coefficients of fixed assets depreciation, absolute liquidity, term liquidity, capitalization, financial independence, asset turnover autonomy, capital return, equity turnover, and economic, financial, and commercial profitability. As a result, the paper presents a model for assessing the general level of the company’s economic security. The resulting equation is significant, but only five of thirteen coefficients are valid at a given level of error and probability: the fixed assets depreciation coefficient, absolute liquidity coefficient, current liquidity coefficient, financial independence coefficient, and financial profitability coefficient. At the same time, the formulated system of indicators of exclusively financial security is not complete when studying the level of economic security of an enterprise, forming only the central part of the general (expanded) model of economic security of an enterprise.
TRANSFORMING THE PROCESS OF CREATING GLOBAL VALUE CHAINS UNDER THE CURRENT CONDITIONS
Authors:   Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Perskaya V. V. , Khairov B. G. ,   Siberian State University of Telecommunications and Information Scien, Khairova S. M. ,   The Siberian State Automobile and Highway University (SIBADI)
Published: October 2021

The urgency of the paper is caused by the fact that 90% of world trade, according to UNCTAD, is under restrictions resulted from the closure of borders between countries in the context of the pandemic. The study deals with the formation of global value chains (GVCs) mainly within one region: product transportation leverage reduces as formerly the GVCs represented vertical cooperation initiated by international transnational companies (TNC). The authors researched the transformation of the GVCs creation process and identified that more active application of advantages of horizontal cooperation between economic entities of various territorially close countries would result in the reformatting of the geography of the GVCs formation. At the same time, the impact of the pandemic on economic globalization as a whole determines the strengthening of interstate coordinated regulation, including on a regional scale. At the same time, the impact of the pandemic on economic globalization as a whole determines the strengthening of interstate coordinated regulation, including on a regional scale. Under the current conditions, a sufficiently large number of countries ignore the WTO rules, which is accompanied by the protectionism and sanctions policy, which is practically illegal from the point of view of international law. The study identifies that the signing of the Comprehensive Regional Economic Partnership by the ASEAN countries is evidence of regionalization of international interaction, indicated the development of a trend in the formation of a regional legal framework for the development of economic cooperation agreed by the participants, relying on the WTO basic legal norms. Economic cooperation includes the problems of regulation of electronic trade, competition policy, intellectual property protection, and other matters formerly not mentioned in agreements. The authors conclude that actual economic regionalization, including the transformation of the GVC formation process towards the increase of the share of their regional component, is an immanent feature of the world economy transformation in the context of real polycentrism towards the use of advantages of horizontal cooperation between the economic entities of different territorially close countries.
Study of the Various Factors Involved in Monteggia Fractures Treated by Open Reduction and Internal Fixation in Government Medical College, Trichur
Authors: Ranjolker Rohit Ashok , Viswanathanunn Krishnakumar Cherungottil i
Published: October 2021

BACKGROUND The various factors involved in Monteggia fractures treated by open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) were studied in patients presenting to Government Medical College, Trichur. Its distribution based on age, gender, and nature of trauma, were observed in the patients. METHODS This study was a prospective descriptive study, conducted in Department of Orthopaedics, Medical College, Thrissur from 1, January, 2016 to 1, July, 2017. Patients were assessed according to age, sex, side of injury, co-morbidities and final functional assessment was made according to Broberg and Morrey score. A total of 37 patients were observed. The patients were assessed, deemed fit for the study, and subjected to operation. Radial head reduction, fixation if needed, then ulna fracture was opened, reduced, and fixed with plate and screws. Postoperative plaster slab was applied, then converted to full above elbow cast, and retained for as long as needed. Post-operative mobilization was by home physiotherapy only. RESULTS Our study showed that open reduction and internal fixation of ulna outcome in Monteggia fractures leads to good elbow function and minimal loss of physical capacity. Immobilization of more than 2 months have very high chances of elbow stiffness. Early active mobilization after surgery is necessary for good functional outcome. Other than mild stiffness and loss of range of motion in some cases, very few other complications were found in our series. CONCLUSIONS Rigid internal fixation of ulna and early active mobilization is the key to achieve a good functional outcome and minimal loss of physical capacity in Monteggia fractures. Very few of the complications that were described in the literature were seen in the study. Even with restricted resources and minimal facilities, almost no permanent or debilitating morbidity or complications were seen in our series. Early active mobilization after surgery was the most important deciding factor for good functional outcome. Prolonged immobilization of more than one month consistently produces poor results. KEYWORDS Monteggia, Broberg and Morrey, Bado Classification, Internal Fixation, Ulna Fracture
Scrub Typhus – A Threatening Scenario in North Bengal
Authors: Islam Asraful , Saha Rajdeep , Roy Arup
Published: October 2021

BACKGROUND Scrub typhus is a mite borne zoonotic bacterial disease caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi. It is transmitted by bite of chiggers of trombiculid mite. Clinical features generally include fever, headache, and myalgia, with or without eschar/rash. People with severe illness may develop organ failure and bleeding which can be fatal if left untreated. This study was done to detect outbreak of cases of scrub typhus in Eastern India. These mites generally live in paddy fields of forested area and people visiting those areas are generally affected. Now a days these mites migrate to urban area resulting in increased incidence of scrub typhus infection in urban area. This study was conducted in collaboration with another institute. The purpose of this study was to find out the incidence of scrub typhus in our area and the relationship between occurrence of scrub typhus and seasonal, age and sex variation. METHODS This study was carried out in our tertiary care hospital with 441 samples for a period of one year (01.01.2019 to 31.12.19). All the blood samples collected from febrile patients were subjected to Weil Felix test. If the titre is > 1 : 160; this was further confirmed by specific IgM testing. Both Weil-Felix tests and IgM scrub typhus positive tests were noted. RESULTS Out of 441 samples, 98 (22.2 %, n = 441) samples were positive for both WeilFelix and scrub typhus IgM by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) testing. Most of the cases were seen in males. Seasonal distribution showed higher cases in the months of September and October. CONCLUSIONS In our study, the highest numbers of scrub typhus cases were found in rural areas, during the harvesting period of July–September specially in monsoon or post monsoon period when there is abundance of mite larva. This infection is also reported high in cases among children in the age group of 1 - 14 years. Patients who tested positive for scrub typhus improved radically with doxycycline. KEYWORDS Orientia Tsutsugamushi, Scrub Typhus, IgM ELISA
KAP Study on Hand Hygiene to Prevent the Spread of Coronavirus, among General Population during Pandemic - An Online National Cross-Sectional Survey
Authors: Kalra Khyati Gagan , Bansod Vaishali Praful , Kulkarni Shraddha Shripad , Chawla Parvinder Singh
Published: October 2021

BACKGROUND As of 29th June 2021, 182,261,516 total cases of Covid-19 with 3,947,170 deaths have been reported worldwide from 218 countries, out of which 30,316,897 Covid19 cases and 397,668 deaths are from India.1 Maharashtra contributing 19,16,236 cases and 49,189 deaths.2 Hands are one of the main pathways of transmission of the virus. All out efforts have been made by the Governments and health agencies to increase awareness on hand hygiene among general population. However, it is felt that compliance of general population to hand hygiene is poor. So, this study was carried out to assess the knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP) of hand hygiene to prevent the spread of corona virus, among general population during pandemic. METHODS A cross sectional study was carried out among general population aged 15 years and above through an online survey obtaining the data by a predesigned google form and analysed using Epi Info V7. RESULTS 513 individuals from 17 states of India responded. Participation was almost equal in both genders (47.6 % male and 52.4 % females). Majority of the participants (65 %) had good knowledge regarding modes of transmission. In this study, online platforms and doctors emerged to be the most common source of Covid related information. 79.14 % participants had knowledge regarding hand hygiene as an important method of prevention of Covid infection. But only 14.8 % knew the exact time to be devoted towards hand hygiene. Majority had favourable attitude and practices towards hand hygiene. 80.15 % participants from urban area told that 20 - 30 seconds as minimum time for alcohol-based sanitizer to kill most germs on hands which was found statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS Majority of participants had good knowledge, favourable attitude and practices regarding hand hygiene as a mode of prevention for Covid-19 infection during this ongoing pandemic situation. Still continuous and more detailed demonstrations of hand washing as well as time to be devoted to hand washing and use of sanitizer is required to break chain of transmission and contain Covid-19 disease. KEYWORDS Covid-19, Hand Washing, Hand Rub
Clinical & Laboratory Profile of Possible Sickle Delta Beta Thalassemia in Telangana State
Authors: Shetty Mallikarjuna , Chandra Naval , Adiraju Krishna Prasad , Modugu Nageswara Rao , Ranga Sai Shivani , Sala Sneha , Pappu Saisubrahmanyam , Karnati Uday Kumar
Published: October 2021

BACKGROUND Sickle delta beta thalassemia is a rare genetic disorder, with varied symptoms, signs, requiring careful monitoring for potential complications. It is due to sickle mutation and thalassemia mutation occurring together, with sparse data available worldwide. The purpose of this study was to assess the clinical and laboratory profile of possible sickle delta beta thalassemia. METHODS The study design is retrospective analysis of clinical information of those selected patients done in our multi-specialty tertiary care referral hospital situated in Telangana state in south India. The case material was collected from December 2017 to December 2019 (2 years duration). All haemoglobin electrophoresis reports were collected with no prior blood transfusions in preceding 4 months. The information collected was analysed and presented. RESULTS Total 9 patients were diagnosed as possible sickle delta beta thalassemia, with male to female ratio of 5 : 4 and age ranging from 12 years to 45 years of age. The commonest symptoms were joint pain and jaundice in 5 patients and sign was splenomegaly in 2 patients. Ultrasonogram of abdomen showed that 3 patients had gall stones, 1 patient had gall bladder sludge, 1 patient had autosplenectomy and 3 patients had splenomegaly. Mild to moderate anaemia was seen with reticulocytosis, sickling test positive in all patients, with haemoglobin in the range of 5.5 g/dl to 12.7 g/dl. 3 patients had iron over load, 2 patients had hepatopathy, 5 patients had unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia, Acute chest syndrome, hepatic necrosis, and nephropathy was seen in 1 patient each. Haemoglobin electrophoresis showed Hb S was from 46.1 % to 76.4, Hb A from 5.3 % to 34.7 %, Hb F from 4.8 % to 22.7 %, Hb A2 from 1.5 % to 3.3 %. 2 patients were treated with hydroxyurea. 2 patients had mutation analysis elsewhere that was reported as compound heterozygous for β-globulin gene for Hb S (GAG-GTG) and IVS 1 - 5 (G-C). CONCLUSIONS Sickle delta beta thalassemia presents as mild to moderate anaemia haemolysis, splenomegaly with vaso-occlusive crises. Hydroxyurea may help in the treatment. Genetic analysis helps in diagnosis and future therapies. KEYWORDS Haemoglobin S, Haemoglobin A2, Haemoglobin A, Haemoglobin F
Bacterial Aetiology of Pharyngotonsillitis in Paediatric Age Group in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Kerala
Authors: Bhuvanendran Thushara Ushakumari , V.G. Beena
Published: October 2021

BACKGROUND Pharyngotonsillitis is defined as a spectrum of conditions ranging from inflammation primarily confined to the tonsils to pharyngitis implying generalized inflammation of the whole of pharynx. Children are more prone to get several episodes of pharyngotonsillitis per year during their school years. Pharyngitis caused by Streptococcus pyogenes can cause two non-suppurative complications, acute rheumatic fever and acute glomerulonephritis which is responsible for significant morbidity and mortality. The present study was conducted to identify the prevalence of bacterial pathogens causing pharyngotonsillitis and to study their antibiotic sensitivity pattern that would indicate the optimum line of treatment. METHOD A total of 200 children at the age group of 2 - 12 years who had clinical features of pharyngotonsillitis according to the inclusion criteria were recruited for this study over a period of one year. With the help of a disposable wooden spatula, pus from the pharyngo tonsillar region was collected and processed. Predominant isolates obtained were identified and antibiotic sensitivity was done. RESULTS Bacteria was isolated from 70 samples. Pharyngotonsillitis was found most prevalent at the age group of 8 – 10 years. Intake of cold food stuffs and passive smoking at home was found to have statistically significant association as risk factor for pharyngotonsillitis. Staphylococcus aureus was the most common organism isolated followed by Streptococcus pyogenes. The other organisms isolated were group G and C streptococci, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumonia sub species (spp) aerogenes. CONCLUSIONS Staphylococcus aureus was the most common organism isolated, followed by Streptococcus pyogenes. All the isolates of beta haemolytic streptococci were found to be sensitive to penicillin. There was increased incidence of resistance to macrolides among the gram-positive isolates except Streptococcus pneumoniae and it may be due to the wide spread use of macrolides injudiciously. All the bacterial pharyngotonsillitis cases were cured with the antibiotic given according to the sensitivity except one case. KEYWORDS Pharyngotonsillitis, Acute Rheumatic Fever, Acute Glomerulonephritis, Bacterial Pathogens, Antibiogram
Актуальные вопросы обучения управлению фармацевтической организацией, как неотъемлемому навыку деятельности руководителя
Authors: Микаэлян М.Ф. , Гончарова Ю.М.
Published: October 2021

В настоящее время любая деятельность при постоянно растущей конкуренции требует адаптации кадров к изменяющимся условиям. Интенсивная динамика различных факторов в микро- и макросфере каждого конкретного вида деятельности приводит к быстрому устареванию методов построения рабочего процесса. Это требует регулярного обновления знаний и компетенций управленцев, чтобы противостоять вызовам и приспособиться к реалиям сегодняшнего дня. Важной составляющей системы управления на современном этапе является практикоориентированный подход в обучении и развитии навыков, однако, эффект от пройденного обучения будет только тогда, когда полученные знания можно в дальнейшем применить на практике. Руководители, проявляющие высокую степень гибкости, быстро реагирующие на все изменения, овладевающие новыми методами работы, критически оценивающие свои принципы управления, могут рассчитывать на успешность своей организации. Развитие навыков, ориентированных на руководящее звено, возможно в процессе новых форматов обучения на современной базе. В статье подробно рассмотрены современные проблемы лидерства и требования к новым подходам к обучению руководству на этапе вузовской подготовки фармацевтических специалистов.
Проблема одиночества и уровня развития эмоционального интеллекта современной личности
Authors: Волкова Л.В. , Волкова В.В.
Published: October 2021

В статье на основе эмпирического исследования авторами статьи актуализирован вопрос, касающийся взаимосвязи одиночества и уровня развития эмоционального интеллекта Личности, а также представлена проблема аутокоммуникации и личностного роста, что является важным фактором, влияющим на профессиональную подготовку студентов и их успешную социализацию в информационно-образовательной среде современного университета.
Linguistic identity, national archetypes and sociocultural environment of their formation
Authors:   Belgorod State National Research University, Sedykh Arkadiy P.
Published: October 2021

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the current state of the categories ―linguistic identity‖ and ―national archetype‖ in correlation with the socio-cultural environment. The national and cultural values of any ethno psychological group are reflected in the language serving a real-life community of people. National archetypes are the semiotic basis of linguistic identity, which is formed within a certain socio-cultural context, an inalienable instance of the psychophysical structure of a person. It is argued that the essential characteristics of the national linguistic identity can be detected already at the level of identifying the semantic features of the language units of the utterance in discoursing. The next steps to reconstruct the linguistic personality are associated with modelling the logical-semantic structure of the utterance, due to the presence of ethnocultural traces at all levels of the subject's discourse behaviour. The discourse behaviour of an individual is the essence of his communicative activity and worldview. It was found that behavioural models, modal and nominative ways of reflecting reality are ethnoculturally determined not only by language, but also by immanent preferences in accordance with the logic, semantics and pragmatics of the communicative act. It is suggested that the verbalization of Russian identity (the magic of Russian vocabulary) is preferably carried out within the framework of contact strategies (direct means of expressing thoughts) and in correlation with the values of the national community, and the intellectual parameters of the French language are implemented in line with distant communication strategies (indirect means expressions of thought) and the priority of individual values. Prospects for the application of the method of reconstructing new knowledge in the mainstream of identifying the dominant features of a national linguistic personality in languages of different structures are outlined.
Building the media picture of a city: the method of frame analysis
Authors:   Chelyabinsk State University, Novikova Anna M.
Published: October 2021

The article is written in the framework of cognitive linguistics, discourse analysis and frame theory. A frame is defined as a deep conceptual structure containing information about the world. The transmission of this information is achieved through language, such as words, sentences, texts. This process is known as frame activation. The relation between close notions of frame and concept is discussed. With the help of linguistic analysis of media texts there proposed a typology of six contextual macro frames constituting the media picture of a single city. The classification can be characterized as thematic. Our interest lies in the positioning of the city in the federal media which is the data for our study. It permits to outline a general city image among wide audience. In the course of our work, we compiled a specialpurpose corpus of 9,500 selected news texts from the past twenty years, which helped us to obtain a fairly consistent media picture. The research clarifies that the positioning of a city in the media represents an accentuated ideological communication with a hidden and not strong speech influence where framing is realized as a means of constructing the reality. Framing of social issues is carried out through a wide range of linguistic tools: lexical units with positive or negative connotations, set expressions, metaphors, epithets, syntactical constructions, various expressive and stylistic means. A frame conveys characteristics of a problem, possible reasons, predominant assessment and possible solutions. Framing of the urban social problems results in constructing certain meaning systems and images which are described in this paper. Apart from relevance for linguistics, frame analysis of urban environment is viewed as promising studies to improve journalism as a social institution.
Reproduction of encrypted messages in fiction from English into Russian
Authors:   Southern Federal University, Streltsov Alexis A.
Published: October 2021

This article examines cases where translators are confronted with messagesm whose meaning is obscured by a simple cipher. Russian translators had to overcome certain difficulties while translating certain passages in the works of British (Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, Agatha Christie) and American (Edgar Allan Poe, Dan Brown) fiction writers. Substitution code (―The Gold-Bug‖, ―The Adventure of the Dancing Men‖), anagrams (―The da Vinci Code‖), as well as different kinds of text steganography (―The Gloria Scott‖, ―The Four Suspects‖) can be used to encrypt the information. Each case is illustrated with two examples. The translator has to depict not only the very process of deciphering a message, but also render its cryptic nature with the means of a target language (Russian). We show, that in half of the cases it is a mere translation of the deciphered text. It is a simpler way, because there is no need to create an analogue thereof. The grand purpose, however, remains unachieved. In two instances there were multiple translations of the same text (6 of ―The Gold-Bug‖ by E.A Poe and 9 of ―The Four Suspects‖ by A. Christie). This phenomenon can be explained not only by the popularity of the stories, but by the relatively small circulation of certain editions. We have undertaken a comparative analysis of these translations and have revealed discrepancies, concerning more and less significant translation units and, in some cases minor errors.
Sociocultural practice as a tool for raising the cultural level of students
Authors:   Moscow City Pedagogical University, Goreev Andrey M.
Published: October 2021

Introduction. The culture of the teacher, including the professional pedagogical culture and other characteristics of the personality, is the guarantee of the effectiveness of their professional activity, as well as the high-quality fulfillment of the state order − the preparation of the younger generation, the future of Russia. The level of cultural development necessary for the teacher is formed during the period of study at the university, where socio-cultural practice is used as a tool for raising the cultural level. The purpose of the work is to summarize the experience of organizing and conducting sociocultural practice, to identify and analyze its contribution to the formation of students' competencies and to their cultural development in general. The material of the work was the course and results of the sociocultural practice with the 1st year students of Moscow City Pedagogical University. The research used the following methods: theoretical – systemic and comparative analysis, analysis of cause-and-effect relationships, analysis of normative, scientific, psychological and pedagogical literature, generalization, comparison, synthesis; empirical − observation, comparison and grouping, conversations, questionnaire-diagnostic and observational methods, methods of expert assessment. As a result of the study, it has been established that the essence of sociocultural practice is the development of social reality, the integration of the individual into the socio-cultural space and its formation as a subject of social life. The content of sociocultural practice is a consistent immersion in the socio-cultural environment, the development of culture, social norms, values with the subsequent transformation of the experience gained into the basis of future social life and professional activity. The characteristics of sociocultural practice are highlighted: consistency, focus on interaction, continuation of socialization, cultural development. It was found that the form of the practice allows you to achieve the set goals, and its mechanism ensures the relationship between educational and extracurricular activities. Conclusion. The study summarizes and analyzes the experience of organizing and conducting socio-cultural practice, reveals the contribution to the formation of the personality of students and to their cultural development in general. Sociocultural practice is an important and necessary tool that allows you to improve the professional and cultural level, to form the necessary competencies in order to adequately fulfill your professional duty to society.
Application of generative design methods using multimodal data in the field of architecture and urban planning
Authors:   National Center for Cognitive Development, Laushkina Аnastasia A. , Basov Oleg O. ,   ITMO University
Published: October 2021

This paper is devoted to the study of generative modeling in design used: this is an iterative process that generates several output data with consideration to certain restrictions of the input parameters. Generative design can offer advantages to traditional design as specifically defined criteria are taken into account early as the conceptual design stage. The purpose of the work was to study the existing methods and algorithms of generative design in urban planning, taking into account changes in environmental characteristics. The first step was to determine the input data for the design of the urban structure. The second stage was the analysis of existing solutions. In conclusion, it was The conclusion was made about the various constraints faced by developers, namely: the requirement to make changes in the user mode imposes restrictions on the use of such systems. It is also established that at the moment there is no clear logic by which generative systems can identify contradictions in a set of multimodal data and make a decision on the correspondence of the obtained result to dynamically changing parameters.
Methods of remote work and ways to protect it
Authors:   Sevastopol state University, Kuzminykh Yegor S. , Maslova Maria A ,   Sevastopol state University
Published: October 2021

The topic of remote work with the arrival of the pandemic was an unusual way of working for many companies and organizations, but as time goes on, it continues to become more and more relevant and even becomes more convenient and applicable for different fields of activity. This form of organization of work has brought many innovations both in the work and in the organization of the protection of processed and transmitted information in the process of work. Both ordinary workers and managers faced a lot of problems, but also acquired a lot of positive moments. We will analyze the negative and positive aspects of "remote work" and methods of protecting the processed information in this process.
Development of a software system for rating the achievements of students of higher educational institutions
Authors:   OOO «Sciener», Feskova Mariya I.
Published: October 2021

The article considers the rating of students of higher educational institutions as a way of presenting data in a compact and capacious form for collecting and recording information about their achievements in various types of activities. The article also presents the development of a software system for rating students ' achievements in the C# programming language, which will reduce the time spent on identifying leaders and laggards
About ensuring security in the field of the internet of things
Authors:   Sevastopol state University, Viushchenko Oleg O. , Maslova Maria A. ,   Sevastopol state University
Published: October 2021

The rapid development of the Internet of Things (IoT) and its capabilities in terms of services have made it one of the fastest-growing technologies that have a huge impact on both social life and the business environment of a person. The widespread adoption of connected devices in the IoT has created a huge demand for reliable security in response to the growing demand of billions of connected devices and services around the world. But at the same time, the number of threats continues to grow every day, and attacks are increasing both in number and complexity. The number of attackers is also growing, and the tools they use are constantly being improved and becoming more effective. Therefore, it is necessary to constantly protect against threats and vulnerabilities for IoT. In this article, we will analyze the development of IoT, consider existing threats, attacks on IoT, as well as methods of protecting devices from threats and vulnerabilities for IoT.
Using education software to educate speciasists in telecommunication
Authors:   Academy of the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation, Ershov Maxim E. , Golyatkin Vasiliy R. ,   Academy of the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation, Chistyakov Sergey V. ,   Academy of the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation
Published: October 2021

In modern world humanity regular interact with information technologies that someone creates and maintains. In these conditions, high-quality and fast training of specialists, who will have the skills and knowledge necessary for the operation of telecommunication technologies is required. One of the solutions to this problem is the development of training software complexes capable of individualizing personnel training with support of the required quality. Since in modern realities this type of training is still not widespread enough, it has a number of requirements: a friendly interface, a method for presenting educational material, consolidating the material learned, etc. Training with the help of computer programs has a number of advantages in contradistinction to traditional training, for example, such as minimal financial costs; there is not need to send an employee to courses, thereby interrupting his performance of his job duties. The main task of such programs is the effectiveness of employee training with minimal time waste. The article considers an example of the structural organization of such programs and the correct presentation of educational material in them.