bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
HKAN: A Hybrid Kolmogorov-Arnold Network for Robust Fabric Defect Segmentation
Authors: Li Min , Ye Pei , Cui Shuqin , Zhu Ping , Liu Junping
Published: November 2024

Currently, fabric defect detection methods predominantly rely on CNN models. However, due to the inherent limitations of CNNs, such models struggle to capture long-distance dependencies in images and fail to accurately detect complex defect features. While Transformers excel at modeling long-range dependencies, their quadratic computational complexity poses significant challenges. To address these issues, we propose combining CNNs with Transformers and introduce Kolmogorov-Arnold Networks (KANs) to enhance feature extraction capabilities. Specifically, we designed a novel network for fabric defect segmentation, named HKAN, consisting of three components: encoder, bottleneck, and decoder. First, we developed a simple yet effective KANConv Block using KAN convolutions. Next, we replaced the MLP in PoolFormer with KAN, creating a lightweight KANTransformer Block. Finally, we unified the KANConv Block and the KANTransformer Block into a Hybrid KAN Block, which serves as both the encoder and bottleneck of HKAN. Extensive experiments on three fabric datasets demonstrate that HKAN outperforms mainstream semantic segmentation models, achieving superior segmentation performance and delivering prominent results across diverse fabric images.
Development of Bioactive Films for Use in Food: Analysis of the Impact of Ionic Interaction Between Alginate, Chitosan and Essential Oils on Their Physical and Antibacterial Properties
Authors: Guzman-Pincheira Carla , Moeini Arash , Oliveira Martins Patricia , Abril Diana , Padilla Yeni Paredes , Benavides-Valenzuela Sergio
Published: November 2024

The effect on the physical, mechanical, and antibacterial properties of films composed of alginate-chitosan with the incorporation of oregano (EOO) or thyme (EOT) essential oils was evaluated. The results indicated that the incorporation of essential oil increased the thickness of the films, in addition to evidencing a significant effect on the colour variation towards the yellow tone, especially in the b* factor. On the other hand, the incorporation of essential oil significantly decreased the tensile strength, simultaneously increasing elasticity. Regarding antibacterial capacity, as the concentration of essential oil increases, the antibacterial capacity also increases. On average, the increase from 1% to 3% of EOO increased the antimicrobial capacity against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. These results suggest that films with the addition of oregano and thyme essential oils can be promising for food packaging applications with the ability to improve food safety and increase product shelf life by achieving functional packaging characteristics.
A Configuration Model for Hospital Design Support Systems
Authors: Jia Zhuoran , Nourian Pirouz , Luscuere Peter , Wagenaar Cor
Published: November 2024

Hospital layout significantly influences operational efficiency and patient outcomes, demanding robust tools for informed decision-making during the layout design stage. This study presents a novel Hospital Configuration Model (HCM) as the foundational component of a Hospital Design Support System (HDSS), which utilizes simulation modelling to provide evaluation mechanisms on hospital efficiencies and functionalities. The HCM integrates four critical data types—geometric, topological, semantic, and operational—into a machine-readable digital twin, enabling comprehensive spatial and procedural analyses. The HCM facilitates simulation modelling to optimize hospital layouts and predict performance metrics such as crowdingness, patient waiting times, patient walking distance, and difficulty in wayfinding. In conclusion, the HCM is the core and foundation of developing HDSS for evaluating hospital functionalities and efficiencies, and the potential applications of HCM include digital twin development, facility management, and safety enhancement.
Design and Optimization of Vortex Electronic Nose for Accurate Identification of Pesticides in Black Soil
Authors: Wang Xietao , Kong Cheng , Zhang Lei , Weng Xiaohui , Chang Zhiyong
Published: November 2024

The grain yield in China’s Northeast black soil region represents 1/4 of the national total, resulting in an annual pesticide usage of about 190,000 tons. Pesticide identification is crucial for maintaining the health of black soil. Due to low gas volume and low concentration of pesticide volatile gas in black soil, the traditional vertical electronic noses (E-nose) cannot effectively capture them. To address this issue, we proposed an externally driven vortex E-nose that achieves improved performance. Through multi-objective optimization strategy using computational fluid dynamics (CFD), response surface methodology (RSM), and non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II (NSGA-II), vortex E-nose was obtained, with an average velocity of 0.117 m/s and an average vorticity of 133.175 s-1 around sensors. The 3D-printed sampling chamber, with a volume of only 81.447 cm³, supports portable applications. Furthermore, pesticide odor information captured by vortex E-nose is analyzed using a convolutional neural network (CNN) algorithm. Experimental results show that vortex E-nose achieves 100% accuracy in identifying pesticide types and 97.62% in detecting pesticide components in black soil. The vortex E-nose we designed has potential advantages in trace gas detection environments.
Frontiers in Antimicrobial Drug Discovery: Current Approaches and Innovations
Authors: Khdir Karokh , Sidiq Avin , Qurbani Karzan , Hussein Safin
Published: November 2024

Antimicrobial drug resistance has emerged as a significant public health challenge, exacerbated by the rise of multidrug-resistant strains and the emergence of new infections. This has intensified the need for the development of novel therapeutic agents. Antibiotics, originally derived from microorganisms, are compounds that either inhibit or kill other microbes. Historically, most antibiotics used in clinical settings were produced by Actinomycetes and fungi, particularly during the golden age of antibiotic discovery (1940s to 1960s). However, progress in drug development slowed in the following decades due to challenges in cultivation techniques, including isolation difficulties, microbial overgrowth, and discrepancies between natural environments and laboratory conditions. Recently, innovative approaches, such as advancements in cultivation methods, modification of existing compounds, gene induction, exploration of animal microbiota, co-cultivations, and identification of alternative antimicrobial targets, have provided new pathways for drug discovery. Additionally, cutting-edge molecular tools like metagenomics have enabled the exploration of bioactive molecules from uncultured microbes in diverse microenvironments, potentially ushering in a new era in antibiotic development. This review examines both past and current methodologies in antimicrobial drug discovery, highlighting future perspectives for the field.
Improving the Accuracy of the Pencil of Function Method Increasing Its Matrix Polynomial Degree
Authors: Barroso Raul H. , Zozaya S. Alfonso
Published: November 2024

The estimation of complex natural frequencies in linear systems through its transient response analysis is a common practice in engineering and applied physics. In this context, the conventional Generalized Pencil of Function (GPOF) method that employs a matrix pencil of degree one, utilizing Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) filtering, has emerged as a prominent strategy to carry out a complex natural frequencies estimation. However, some modern engineering applications increasingly demand higher accuracy estimation. In this context, some intrinsic properties of Hankel matrices and exponential functions are utilized in this paper in order to develop a modified GPOF method which employs a matrix pencil of degree greater than one. Under conditions of low noise in the transient response, our method significantly enhances accuracy compared to the conventional GPOF approach. This improvement is especially valuable for applications involving closely spaced complex natural frequencies, where a precise estimation is crucial.
Microglial Polarization in Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy: Roles and Therapeutic Potential
Authors: Shi Yan , Yang Li-jun , Cui Hong
Published: November 2024

Background: Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is a major cause of neonatal mortality and long-term neurological impairments. Apart from therapeutic hypothermia, there are currently no effective pharmacological treatments. Microglia, as the resident immune cells of the nervous system, play a critical role in the pathogenesis and subsequent neural repair processes of HIE. However, the exact mechanisms underlying these roles remain unclear, and potential therapeutic targets for modulating microglial polarization still need to be explored. Methods: This review outlines the physiological functions of microglia in the developing brain and the role of microglial polarization in neonatal HIE. It discusses several strategies for targeting the modulation of microglial polarization and their underlying molecular mechanisms. Results: Microglial activation is one of the core pathophysiological mechanisms of neonatal HIE. During the acute phase of hypoxic-ischemic injury, microglia are typically activated to an M1 pro-inflammatory phenotype, mediating inflammatory responses and exacerbating neuronal damage. Over time, some microglia transition into the M2 phenotype, where they play a role in tissue repair and neuroprotection. The balance between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory microglial phenotypes plays a crucial role in determining the prognosis of neonatal HIE. Several interventions targeting the modulation of microglial polarization, including IL-4, miRNA, and cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS), have shown promising results in animal models. However, the therapeutic mechanisms and safety of these approaches still require further investigation. Conclusions: Understanding how to effectively regulate microglial phenotype polarization to maximize neuroprotective effects and promote brain repair holds significant potential for the treatment of neonatal HIE. This could help open new therapeutic avenues and improve the prognosis of affected infants.
Assessment of Olive Oils Quality in the Retail Markets of Tirana, Albania, and Adherence to Regulations
Authors: Topi Dritan , Osmani-Lataj Leomira
Published: November 2024

The importance of fat quality in our diet has been debated in last decades. Olive oil stands out in that category. The primary goal of the quality evaluation is to manage the key components by avoiding retail product adulteration. Health concerns are associated with their research on fatty acid profiles. Olive oil stands out among vegetable oils due to its purported health advantages and the fact that it has been the target of fraud, adulteration, and misleading labeling. We used gas chromatography with a Flame Ionization Detector and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry to examine the fatty acid profiles of several olive oils from well-known domestic brands sold in retail stores.
Under the regulations for olive oil products, the fatty acid (FA) profiles did not detect any signs of adulteration. The levels of trans-FAs were below the limit set by the European Union regulation 2568/91. In terms of weight, the oleic acid concentration of olive oils ranged from 64.71% to 75.62%. Olive oil has a low palmitic acid concentration, ranging from 8.43% to 14.26%. Linoleic acid levels ranged from 6.64 percent to 13.1 percent. Lower than 1%, the linolenic acid ranged from 0.38 to 0.94 ± 0.01%. According to analytical data, the fatty acid profile of olive oil does not reveal any signs of adulteration. Not only was it low in saturated fat, but it was also rich in monounsaturated fat.
Overexpression of TCP5 or Its Dominant Repressor Form, TCP5-SRDX, Causes Male Infertility in Arabidopsis
Authors: Li Tingting , Tian Ping , Wang Xinxin , Li Mengyao , Xing Shuping
Published: November 2024

TCP transcription factors have long been known to play a crucial role in leaf development, but their significance in reproduction has recently been revealed. TCP5 is a member of the class II of the TCP family, which predominantly regulates cell differentiation. This study used overexpression and SRDX fusion to evaluate the role of TCP5 in anther development. TCP5 overexpression resulted in lower fertility, primarily due to anther non-dehiscence. We also observed reduced lignin accumulation in the anther endothecium. In addition, TCP5 overexpression resulted in smaller anthers with fewer pollen sacs and pollen due to early anther defects before meiosis. TCP5 showed expression in early anthers, including the epidermis, endothecium, middle layer, tapetum, sporogenous cells (pollen mother cells), and vascular bundles. Conversely, during meiosis, the TCP5 signal was only detected in tapetum, PMCs, and vascular bundles. The TCP5 signal disappeared after meiosis, and no signal was observed in mature anthers. Interestingly, the TCP5-SRDX transgenic plants were also sterile, at least for the early-arising flowers, if not all of them. TCP5-SRDX expression also resulted in undersized anthers with fewer pollen sacs and pollen. However, the lignin accumulation in most of these anthers was comparable to that of the wild-type, allowing these anthers to open. qRT-PCR results revealed several genes associated with secondary cell wall thickening had altered expression profiles in TCP5 overexpression transgenics, which supported the non-dehiscent anther phenotype. Furthermore, the expression levels of numerous critical anther genes were down-regulated in both TCP5 overexpression and TCP5-SRDX plants, indicating a comparable anther phenotype in these transgenic plants. These findings suggest that an appropriate TCP5 expression level is essential for anther development and plant fertility.
Tuning of Water Vapor Permeability in 2D Nano-carbon Based Polypropylene Composite Membranes
Authors: Visvini Glykeria A. , Mathioudakis Georgios N. , Soto Beobide Amaia , Voyiatzis George A.
Published: November 2024

This work focuses on the incorporation of 2D carbon nanomaterials, such as graphene oxide (GO), reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs), into polypropylene (PP) via melt mixing. The addition of these 2D carbon nanostructured networks offers a novel approach to enhancing/controlling the water vapor permeable capabilities of PP composite films, widely used in industrial applications, such as technical (building roof membranes) or medical (surgical gowns) textiles. The study investigates how the dispersion and concentration of these graphene nanomaterials within the PP matrix influence the microstructure and water vapor permeability (WVP) performance. The WVP measurements were conducted via the “wet” cup method. The presence of either GO, rGO or GNPs in the new polyolefin composite films re-vealed 6- to 7-fold enhanced WVP values compared to pristine PP. This improvement is at-tributed to the nano-indentations created at the interface of the carbon nano-inclusions with the polymer matrix in the form of nanopores that facilitate water vapor diffusion. In the particular case of GO and rGO, residual oxidative groups might contribute to the WVP, as well. This is the first study to compare GO, rGO and even GNPs inclusions under identical conditions, providing deeper insights into the mechanisms driving the observed improvements in WVP performance.
A Comparative Science-Based Viability Assessment Among Current and Emerging Hydrogen-Production Technologies
Authors: Khalil Yehia F.
Published: November 2024

This research undertakes a comparative analysis of current and emerging hydrogen (H₂) production technologies, evaluating them based on quantitative and qualitative decision criteria. The quantitative criteria include cost of H2 production ($/kg H₂), energy consumption (MJ/kg H₂), global warming potential (kg CO₂-eq/kg H₂), and technology energy efficiency (%). The qualitative criteria encompass technology readiness level (TRL) and availability of supply chain materials (classified as low, medium, or high). To achieve these objectives, an extensive literature review has been conducted, systematically assessing the selected H2 production technologies against the aforementioned criteria. The insights synthesized from the literature provide a foundation for an informed, science-based evaluation of the potentials and techno-economic challenges that these technologies face in achieving the 1-1-1 goal set forth by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) in 2021. This ambitious target aims for a H2 production cost of $1/kg H2 within one decade (by the end of 2031), including costs associated with production, delivery, and dispensing at H2 fueling stations (HRS). Also, DOE established an interim target of $2/kg H₂ by 2026. This research concludes that among the examined H2 production technologies, water electrolysis and biomass waste valorization emerge as the most promising near-term solutions to meet DOE 1-1-1 goal.
Li-ion Mobility and Solvation Structures in Concentrated Poly(ethylene carbonate) Electrolytes: A Molecular Dynamics Simulation Study
Authors: Wei Tan , Kimura Kento , Tominaga Yoichi
Published: November 2024

With the rapid global growth of digital devices and electric vehicles, solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) have emerged as promising candidates for all-solid-state batteries. They are expected to resolve safety concerns and overcome the limitations of energy density and charging speed found in traditional Li-ion batteries with liquid electrolytes. However, a limited understanding of the ionic conduction mechanisms remains a significant barrier to their further development and practical application. In this study, we employed molecular dynamics simulations to investigate the static and dynamic properties of poly(ethylene carbonate) (PEC) electrolytes at various salt concentrations. Key analyses included the radial distribution function, solvation free energy, and mean-square displacement (MSD) of individual Li cations. Based on their MSD data, Li cations were categorized into "faster" or "slower" groups, corresponding to conductivity levels above or below the average in each model. Our findings reveal that, at higher concentrations, a smaller fraction of faster Li cations contributes disproportionately more than slower Li cations to the overall mobility, indicating that the faster ions dominate ion transport more significantly in concentrated electrolytes. Additionally, changes in coordination number and solvation free energy for both faster and slower Li cations suggest the existence of three different solvation patterns as salt concentration increases. These insights provide a deeper understanding of ionic transport and solvation structures in PEC electrolytes, with potential implications for the design of more efficient all-solid-state batteries.
Smelling Our Way to a Better Understanding of Air Pollution and Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Stewart Romal , White Anthony R , Odendaal Louise , Cuni-Lopez Carla , Quek Hazel
Published: November 2024

The escalating issue of air pollution contributes to an alarming number of premature fatalities each year, thereby posing a significant threat to global health. The focus of recent research has shifted towards understanding its potential association with neurodegenerative diseases, specifically Alzheimer's disease (AD). AD is recognised for its characteristic deposition of toxic proteins within the brain, leading to a steady deterioration of cognitive capabilities, memory failure, and ultimately, death. There is burgeoning evidence implying that air pollution may be a contributing factor to this protein build up, thereby intensifying the course of AD. It has been demonstrated that the olfactory system, responsible for smell perception and processing, acts as a potential gateway for airborne pollutants to inflict brain damage. This review aims to elucidate the relationship between air pollution, olfactory deterioration, and AD. Additionally, this review aims to highlight the potential mechanisms through which pollutants might instigate the development of AD and the role of the olfactory system in disease pathogenesis. Moreover, the diverse model systems employed in exploring the correlation, public health policy ramifications, and prospective directions for future research will be discussed.
A Review of Simultaneous Localization and Mapping Algorithms Based on Lidar
Authors: Li Yong , An Jiexin , He Na , Li Yanbo , Han Zhenyu , Chen Zishan , Qu Yaping
Published: November 2024

Simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) is one of the key technologies for mobile robots to achieve autonomous driving, and the lidar SLAM algorithm is the mainstream research scheme. Firstly, this paper introduces the overall framework of lidar SLAM, elaborates on the functions of front-end scanning matching, closed-loop detection, back-end optimization, and map building module, and summarizes the algorithms used. Then, the classical representative SLAM algorithms are described and compared from three aspects: pure lidar SLAM algorithm, multi-sensor fusion SLAM algorithm, and deep learning lidar SLAM algorithm. Finally, the challenges faced by the lidar SLAM algorithm in practical use are discussed. The development trend of the lidar SLAM algorithm is prospected from five dimensions: lightweight, multi-sensor fusion, combination of new sensors, multi-robot collaboration, and deep learning. This paper can provide a brief guide for novices entering the field of SLAM, and provide a comprehensive reference for experienced researchers and engineers to explore new research directions.
The Right-Left Wg Inverse Solutions to Quaternion Matrix Equations
Authors: Kyrchei Ivan , Mosić Dijana , Stanimirović Predrag
Published: November 2024

This paper studies new characterizations and expressions of the weak group (WG) inverse and its dual over the quaternion skew field. We introduce a dual to the weak group inverse for the first time in literature and give some new characterizations for both the WG inverse and its dual, named the right and left weak group inverses for quaternion matrices. In particular, determinantal representations of the right and left WG inverses are given as direct methods for their constructions. Our other results are related to solving the two-sided constrained quaternion matrix equation AXB=C and the according approximation problem that could be expressed in terms of the right and left WG inverse solutions. Within the framework of the theory of noncommutative row-column determinants, we derive Cramer’s rules for computing these solutions based on determinantal representations of the right and left WG inverses. A numerical example is given to illustrate the gained results.
Electrospinning for Biomedical Applications: An Overview of Material Fabrication Techniques
Authors: Tsareva Anastasiia D. , Shtol Valeriia S. , Klinov Dmitriy V. , Ivanov Dimitri A.
Published: November 2024

This review examines recent methodologies for fabricating nonwoven polymer materials through electrospinning, focusing on the underlying physical principles, including the effects of external parameters, experimental conditions, material selection, and primary operational mechanisms. Potential applications of electrospun polymer matrices in tissue engineering are analyzed, with particular emphasis on their utility in biomedical context. Key challenges in incorporating new materials into biomedical devices are discussed, along with recent advances in electrospinning techniques driving innovation in this field.
Effect of Body Position and Support Surface on the Postural Control Challenge During the Pallof Press Exercise: A Smartphone Accelerometer-Based Study
Authors: Juan-Recio Casto , Prat-Luri Amaya , Rondón-Espinosa Heidy , Barbado David , Vera-Garcia Francisco J
Published: November 2024

Although different variations of the Pallof press exercise are commonly performed in sport and fitness settings to increase core stability, the intensity/difficulty of these variations is unknown and therefore it is difficult to control the training load and establish exercise progressions. This study aimed to compare and rank the postural control challenge imposed by five different isometric variations of the Pallof press exercise through a smartphone accelerometer placed on the participants’ pelvis and to explore sex differences in the lumbopelvic postural control during the exercise performance. Twelve physically active participants completed two testing sessions in which they performed two sets of five different isometric variations of the Pallof press exercise (changing the body position and/or the support surface: kneeling on a foam pad, feet together standing on the floor, tandem stance on the floor, feet together standing on a hemisphere ball, and tandem stance on a hemisphere ball). After confirming the acceleration data reliability (intraclass correlation coefficients 0.72 and typical errors≤ 17%), a repeated measures ANOVA was carried out to classify the Pallof press variations according to the postural control challenge imposed on the participants and to analyze sex differences on postural control. Significant effects were found for the within-subject factor exercise variations but not for the between-subject factor sex. Pairwise comparisons showed that the exercise variations performed on the hemisphere ball (feet together standing: 0.55 m/s2; tandem stance: 0.61 m/s2) imposed higher postural control demands than those performed on the other surfaces (kneeling on a foam pad: 0.17 m/s2; feet together standing on the floor: 0.22 m/s2; tandem stance on the floor: 0.31 m/s2). In addition, tandem stance on the floor produced higher lumbopelvic accelerations than the Pallof press kneeling variation. In conclusion, the Pallof press performance in standing rather than kneeling (i.e., reducing the base of support and raising the center of gravity and the height of the lateral force applied by the elastic band) and on a hemisphere ball increased the exercise difficulty compared to more stable surfaces. This information could help to modulate the difficulty and establish progressions for this exercise in physically active young males and females.
Application of the Hydrocarbon Generation Potential Method in Resource Potential Evaluation—a Case Study of the Qiongzhusi Source Rock in Sichuan Basin, China
Authors: Yang Hanxuan , Chao Geng , Zheng Majia , Zhen Zhiwei , Long Hui , Chang Zijing , Li Jieke , Pang Hong , Yang Jian
Published: November 2024

The global recoverable reserves of shale gas are estimated to reach 214.5 × 10¹² m³. Previous studies have primarily employed volumetric methods, analog methods, and genetic methods for shale gas resource evaluation. However, these methods face significant limitations, including the substantial impact of rock heterogeneity, challenges in determining the similarity of analog accumulations, and unsuitability for assessing high-mature-overmature source rocks. In the Qiongzhusi Formation of the Sichuan Basin(Є1q), China, high-mature-overmature shales have been extensively developed, achieving significant breakthroughs in both conventional shale gas exploration. This necessitates the establishment of an integrated evaluation system for conventional and unconventional resources. This study, based on the whole petroleum system theory and an improved hydrocarbon generation potential method, calculates the distribution characteristics of hydrocarbon generation, retention, and expulsion during these stages for the Є1q. It further evaluates the resource potential of conventional and shale oil and gas. Hydrocarbon generation and expulsion centers are favorable exploration targets for conventional oil and gas, primarily located in the central and northern regions of the Mianyang-Changning rift trough, with a resource potential of 6560 × 10¹² m³. Retention hydrocarbon centers, on the other hand, represent promising targets for shale oil and gas exploration, concentrated in the central Mianyang-Changning rift trough, with a resource potential of 287 × 10¹² m³.This study not only provides strategic guidance for future oil and gas exploration in the Є1q but also offers a methodological reference for integrated resource evaluation of conventional and unconventional oil and gas systems of high-mature-overmature source rock in similar basins worldwide.
From Homeostasis to Neuroinflammation: Insights into Cellular and Molecular Interactions and Network Dynamics
Authors: Müller Ludmila , Di Benedetto Svetlana , Müller Viktor
Published: November 2024

Neuroinflammation is a complex and multifaceted process that involves dynamic interactions among various cellular and molecular components. This sophisticated interplay supports both environmental adaptability and system resilience in the central nervous system (CNS) but may be disrupted during neuroinflammation. In this article, we first characterize the key players in the neuroimmune interactions, including microglia, astrocytes, neurons, immune cells, and essential signaling molecules such as cytokines, neurotransmitters, extracellular matrix (ECM) components, and neurotrophic factors. Under homeostatic conditions, these elements promote cellular cooperation and stability, whereas in neuroinflammatory states, they drive adaptive responses that may become pathological if dysregulated. We examine how neuroimmune interactions, mediated through these cellular actors and signaling pathways, create complex networks that regulate CNS functionality and responses to injury or inflammation. To further elucidate these dynamics, we provide insights into a multilayer network (MLN) approach, highlighting the interconnected nature of neuroimmune interactions under both inflammatory and homeostatic conditions. This perspective aims to enhance understanding of neuroimmune communication and the mechanisms underlying shifts from homeostasis to neuroinflammation. Applying MLN approach offers a more integrative view of CNS resilience and adaptability, helping to clarify inflammatory processes and identify novel intervention points within the layered landscape of neuroinflammatory responses.
La ética y la responsabilidad en la implementación de la Inteligencia Artificial: Revisión sistemática.
Authors: Guzman Brand Victor Alfonso , Gelvez Garcia Laura Esperanza
Published: November 2024

El objetivo de esta investigación es comprender el valor de la ética en la implementación de la inteligencia artificial (IA) en diversas áreas de la sociedad. Se llevó a cabo una revisión sistemática de artículos científicos publicados en bases de datos especializadas, con el fin de identificar principios éticos que aseguren un uso responsable de esta tecnología y contribuyan al desarrollo que beneficie a la sociedad. Resultados: la creciente influencia de la IA en diversas áreas de la vida humana plantea serias dudas sobre la naturaleza y aplicación de nuestros estándares éticos. Durante su desarrollo e implementación, es fundamental considerar una serie de principios para garantizar su uso responsable y propósitos beneficiosos para la comunidad. Discusión: es imperativo que los países establezcan códigos éticos específicos que aborden diversos aspectos críticos. Estas normas deberían centrarse en prevenir el fraude en el desarrollo y usabilidad de las herramientas tecnológicas, así como en evitar el surgimiento de monopolios en los sectores comercial y laboral. Conclusiones:  los avances acelerados en este ámbito traen consigo no solo cambios tecnológicos significativos, sino también importantes cuestiones éticas y morales. En este contexto, la reflexión ética se vuelve fundamental para asegurar el desarrollo responsable de estas tecnologías.
Sufi Psychospiritual Practices as Islamic Counseling Approach for Enhancing Student Spiritual Well-being in Pesantren
Authors: Rozikan Muhamad , Wibowo Mungin Eddy , Purwanto Edy , Mulawarman Mulawarman
Published: November 2024

This research investigates how Sufi psychospiritual practices function as an Islamic counseling approach to improve the spiritual well-being of students in Pesantren. Focused on three Pesantren in Salatiga, Central Java, where students are deeply involved with Islamic teachings, this research aims to understand the contribution of these practices in shaping students' spiritual well-being across four domains, namely personal, communal, environmental, and transcendental, as outlined by Fisher's theory. Sufi Psychospiritual Therapy aims to assist individuals in achieving spiritual growth, emphasizing repentance, asceticism, patience, and trust (redha). Utilizing qualitative research methods, including observation, interviews, and documentation, data were collected and analyzed following the model of Miles et al. Research findings reveal the significant impact of Sufi psychospiritual therapy on the spiritual well-being of students in selected Pesantren. Students report feeling calmer, gaining clarity about life goals, and outlining steps to achieve them. This underscores the effectiveness of integrating Sufi practices into counseling to encourage holistic student development in Pesantren. In essence, this research emphasizes the importance of recognizing and utilizing the spiritual aspects of student well-being in Pesantren and demonstrates how Sufi psychospiritual practices can positively influence students' overall growth in this context. Further research is recommended with a larger and more diverse sample, incorporating quantitative methods to offer a more comprehensive understanding of how Sufi psychospiritual practices impact the spiritual well-being of students in Pesantren.
Enhancing Character Values Based on Emotional Intelligence (EQ) in Muhammadiyah Modern Pesantren Pleret Yogyakarta
Authors: Sutarman Sutarman , Kurniawan Muhammad Ragil , Parjiman Parjiman , Masduki Yusron , Baidi Baidi
Published: November 2024

This research is motivated by the negative impacts of advances in digital technology, such as the rise of Santri in Pesantren who are disrespectful towards their Ustadz, promiscuity, early marriage, and the increase in bullying behavior by Santri toward their friends. This research aims to examine: (1) increasing character values based on emotional intelligence at Muhammadiyah Modern Pesantren Pleret Yogyakarta, and (2) the benefit of increasing character values based on emotional intelligence at Muhammadiyah Modern Pesantren Pleret Yogyakarta. This research uses a qualitative approach with descriptive methods. Primary data sources in this research were obtained through observation, interview, and documentation techniques, while secondary data were obtained through relevant journal articles and books. Data analysis was carried out by triangulating data sources. The research shows that: (1) increasing character values based on emotional intelligence (EQ) at Muhammadiyah Modern Pesantren Pleret Yogyakarta includes: a better understanding of religion, development of social skills, increased self-confidence, and better communication skills. (2) The benefit of increasing these character values is that Santri can face life's challenges and become an individual with character, empathy, and positive contributions to society.
Türkiye’de Çocuk İşçiliği Sorunu ve Çözüm Önerileri: Çocuk İşçiliği İzleme Merkezlerinin Kurulması
Authors: Tatar Mehmet
Published: November 2024

Sanayi, hizmet ve mevsimlik tarım işlerinde en önemli konulardan biri de çocuk işçiliğidir. Bu çalışmada, Türkiye’de çocuk işçiliğinin mevcut durumu incelenirken yaşanan sorunun çözümü konusunda nelerin yapılabileceği sorusuna cevap aranmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, sanayi sektöründeki ağır ve tehlikeli işlerde, sokakta, gezici ve geçici tarım işlerinde çalışan çocukların tespit edilerek izlenmesini sağlamak, fiziksel, duygusal ve sosyal açıdan gelişimlerine aykırı olan koşullarda çalışmalarını önlemektir. Bu çalışmada, çalışan çocukların Türkiye’deki mevcut durumu ve sorun haline gelen çocuk işçiliğinin nedenleri TÜİK verileri doğrultusunda incelenmiştir. TÜİK verilerine göre 2022 yılında 15-17 yaş grubunda yer alan çocukların işgücüne katılma oranı %18,7 iken 2023 yılında bu oran %22,1 düzeyine yükselmiştir. Bu durum yaşanan ekonomik krizin çocukları da etkilediğini göstermektedir. Çocuk işçiliğinin veya çocukların istihdama katılmalarının temelinde yoksulluk, düşük gelir ve eğitimsizlik gibi faktörlerin etkili olduğu bilinmektedir. Çocuk işçiliğinin diğer önemli bir nedeni de çalışan çocukları izleyen etkin bir sistemin veya mekanizmanın bulunmamasıdır. Çocuk işçiliğini önlemek amacıyla yerelde çocuk işçiliği izleme merkezlerinin kurulması çocuk işçiliği sorunsalına çözüm konusunda katkı sağlayacaktır. Çalışmanın sonucunda çocuk işçiliği sorunsalına yönelik çözüm önerileri geliştirilmiştir.
Seismic-attribute-driven analysis of an ultra-deep carbonate reservoir: Middle Cambrian to Middle Ordovician strata, north-central Tarim Basin, northwest China
Authors: Dong Xinyu , Hampson Gary J. , Lonergan Lidia , Wang Yanghua
Published: November 2024

We use 3-D seismic data from an unnamed oilfield to characterize the internal architecture, structure, and porosity and permeability distributions in ultra-deep (> 6 km) Cambro-Ordovician carbonate reservoir strata deposited on a long-lived, regionally extensive carbonate platform in the Tarim Basin, northwest China. These strata comprise three dominant seismic facies: 1) tabular, layered units of subparallel to parallel, continuous reflections of medium to high amplitude (SPMAC facies), 2) mounds and lenses of chaotic to subparallel reflections of low to medium amplitude (CPLAD facies), which are widespread in certain stratigraphic levels, and 3) tabular, layered units of parallel, highly continuous reflections of very high amplitude (PVHAC facies). SPMAC facies represents low-energy lagoonal mudstones and wackestones, CPLAD facies represents bioclastic packstones, grainstones, and boundstones in reef–shoal complexes, and PVHAC facies represents alternating gypsum, dolomite, and wackestone–packstone lithologies in the lower part of the reservoir, and the top-reservoir contact between siliciclastic mudstones and packstones–grainstones. Seismic dip-magnitude and time–thickness maps show that CPLAD facies mounds and lenses are present in the middle to uppermost reservoir strata, and are associated with folded intervening and overlying SPMAC and PVHAC facies strata. Differential compaction folded these strata. A fourth, minor seismic facies, BPHAD facies, is recognized by parallel, laterally discontinuous, high-amplitude reflections that are stacked vertically and define rugby-ball-shaped beads, strings of beads, and subvertical cylinders. BPHAD facies is present in two settings. First, as multiple beads scattered within SPMAC and CPLAD facies strata. Here, we interpret them to represent widespread, small-scale reef–shoal complexes (< 500 m across) or collapsed karst caves. Second, BPHAD facies is present as strings of beads and subvertical cylinders near bends in strike-slip faults. We interpret these strings of beads and subvertical cylinders to be hypogene karst formed by hydrothermal fluids. This study predicts reservoir permeability and porosity with improved understanding of stratigraphic architecture in the Tarim Basin.
El humanismo en Fromm y Shakespeare
Authors:   WAWI, Buechler Sandra
Published: November 2024

The author discusses the fundamental unity of the human species and the uniqueness and value of
each and every human being, as reflected in the work of these two humanists: Erich Fromm and
William Shakespeare.
Dándoles voz. Cómo definen los adolescentes el "hogar". El impacto en sus historias de vida y en el trabajo clínico
Authors:   Instituto de Psicoterapia Relacional, Rampulla Paula
Published: November 2024

My work focuses on the analysis of a sample of definitions of what is HOME for first and secondgeneration Latinx adolescent immigrant in the United States. Feelings of “trust”, “safety”, “calm”, “at peace”in the best cases. But also, the feeling of “isolation”, “boredom”, “daily arguments”, “uncertainty”.
When that experience of “feeling at home” is conflicted, disturbed, or uncertain, how do we help them build a sense of home and re-imagine themselves and their relationship with parents and significant others within a more receptive, tolerant, non-judgmental way. To reflect on the above, I work on the concept of identity, trauma and transgenerational trauma, mutual recognition and twinship experience in therapeutic work. I analyze the cultural, social and the ecological context of immigrant children and youth and their stressors such as acculturative stress, trauma, and discrimination. I concluded that important piece of the clinical work with them is to co-create a “therapeutic home” where they may feel they have a “voice”, they can be heard, a sense of being with others with no fear and with a sense of autonomy. Helping them work on those difficult and hostile transitions and helping them build bridges, finding ways to integrate personal meanings, mourning those difficult separations. These reflections will be accompanied by clinical vignettes.
Uncertainty Quantification Based on Deep-Learning Approach Integrating Time-Lapse Seismic Data for Geological Carbon Storage
Authors: Kim Hyunmin , Shin Hyundon , Jo Honggeun
Published: November 2024

Carbon capture and storage (CCS) is a crucial technology for reducing greenhouse gas emissions to achieve net-zero goals by 2050. Reasonable assessment of CO2 plume behavior through reliable subsurface characterization and continuous monitoring (e.g., time-lapse seismic) is a prerequisite for the successful implementation CCS. However, the scarcity of data acquisition and the high degree of error during seismic inversion have hindered successful subsurface characterization and monitoring for CCS in many previous attempts. In this study, we propose a novel workflow that integrates time-lapse seismic data into subsurface model characterization with the assistance of deep learning. The suggested workflow demonstrates enhanced reservoir characterization performance and accurate prediction of future CO2 plume behavior. The study consists of three main components: (1) a seismic forward model, which generates synthetic time-lapse seismic data from relevant acoustic attributes such as porosity, density, and P-wave velocity; (2) a deep learning model based on generative adversarial networks (GANs), which inputs seismic data and outputs porosity and facies properties; and (3) a demonstration of the workflow in an anticline saline aquifer. By integrating initial and 5 years postinjection seismic data, the proposed workflow enables the creation of a more accurate ensemble of subsurface models compared to the initial ensemble. This approach effectively handles multiple possible geological scenarios and added noise in the seismic data, resulting in better predictions of future CO2 plume behavior.
Adherence to Life's Essential 8 is associated with reduced all-cause and cause-specific mortality in individuals with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: evidence from NHANES 2005-2018
Authors: Li Xiang , Yu HuiYuan , Zhang Yi , Gong Junyi , Ni Xiang , Yin Junli , Lv Zheng
Published: November 2024

The American Heart Association updated the cardiovascular health (CVH) assessment tool, the Life's Essential 8 (LE8). Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is now the most common chronic liver disease worldwide and is associated with excessive mortality risk. 10050 participants with MASLD were included from NHANES 2005–2018. LE8 was assessed by combining 4 health behaviors and 4 health factors, with 0–49 being low CVH, 50–79 being moderate CVH, and 80–100 being high CVH. In the fully adjusted model, each point increase in the LE8 score was associated with a 2.7%, 2.7%, and 1.6% decrease in all-cause, CVD, and cancer mortality risk, respectively, in people with MASLD. Compared to low CVH, being in moderate/high CVH was negatively associated with most mortality outcomes, while health factors lost significant association with cancer mortality. Most of the associations showed dose-response associations, except for health factors and all-cause mortality and LE8 and CVD mortality. Race/ethnicity and income-poverty ratio significantly influenced the association between LE8 and all-cause mortality.LE8 was associated with significantly lower all-cause, CVD, and cancer mortality in people with MASLD. Assessment of CVH by LE8 may contribute to targeted healthy lifestyle and factor modification to prevent excess mortality in MASLD.
Clinical Characteristics and Risk Factors of Bacillary Layer Detachment in Central Serous Chorioretinopathy: A Comparative Multicenter Study
Authors: Casella Antonio M , Fuganti Raphaella M , Mansour Ahmad M , Fernández-Vigo José Ignácio , Sinawat Suthasinee , Saatci Ali , Chhablani Jay , Zarnegar Arman , Prazeres Juliana , Kozak Igor , Guajardo Lorenzo López , Farah Michel E , Roisman Luiz , Zett Claudio , Rodriguez Francisco , Smiddy Willian E , Davis Janet L , Rosenfeld Philip J , Schwartz Stephen G , Lima Luiz H , Maia Maurício
Published: November 2024

Purpose
Compare the clinical characteristics, risk factors, and optical coherence tomography (OCT) findings in patients with Central Serous Chorioretinopathy (CSC) with and without Bacillary Layer Detachment (BALAD), and to identify the distinguishing features and associated conditions of CSC with BALAD.
Methods
This observational, retrospective, multicenter case-control study collected data from 12 retina centers worldwide on patients with central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) from December 1, 2022, to April 1, 2023. CSC was defined by serous retinal detachment and fluid leakage through the retinal pigment epithelium. Patients underwent detailed evaluations, including OCT, and were classified as having acute or chronic CSC. Inclusion criteria included a CSC diagnosis with RPE leakage, BALAD confirmed by three authors, age over 18, and a detailed medical history from the 30 days before symptom onset. The study assessed visual acuity, choroidal thickness, psychiatric disorders, corticosteroid use, prior CSC treatments, and hyperreflective material on OCT.
Results
Thirty-seven patients (40 eyes; mean age, 48.0 ± 11.9 years) had CSC and BALAD and were followed for a mean of 4.92 ± 6.65 months. The control group was comprised of 40 patients with CSC without BALAD (40 eyes; mean age, 48.2 ± 11.9 years). On clinical examination, BALAD was as a circular, yellowish macular lesion. On OCT, BALAD was a detachment of the ellipsoid zone with splitting of the photoreceptor inner segment. BALAD was associated with psychiatric disorders (p = 0.014), use of corticosteroids (p = 0.004), previous treatment for CSC (p = 0.041) and thickened choroid (p = 0.036).
Conclusions
BALAD in CSC differs from a typical CSC due to the presence of a circular, yellowish macular lesion, detachment of the ellipsoid zone, segmentation of the inner segment of the photoreceptor, a thicker choroid, the use of corticosteroids, and generally more aggressive previous treatments. These results suggest that BALAD may serve as a valuable biomarker for the severity of CSC and highlight the influence of inflammation and previous treatments.