bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Uric acid as a target for the action of electromagnetic radiation
Authors: Терехина Н.А. , Селин А.Д. , Терехин Г.А.
Published: October 2022

Цель исследования - оценка влияния электромагнитного излучения дециметрового диапазона на содержание мочевой кислоты в плазме крови крыс и выявление корреляционных связей уровня мочевой кислоты с основными показателями антиоксидантной защиты. Методика. Эксперименты выполнены на крысах, которые находились под действием электромагнитного поля дециметрового диапазона в течение 3 мес. Спектрофотометрически в динамике через 1, 2 и 3 мес определяли в плазме крови содержание мочевой кислоты. Проведен корреляционный анализ взаимосвязи уровня мочевой кислоты и основного антиоксиданта плазмы крови - церулоплазмина , а также уровня мочевой кислоты и главного неферментативного антиоксиданта эритроцитов - глутатиона. Результаты. Содержание животных в течение 3 мес под действием электромагнитного излучения дециметрового диапазона приводит к увеличению в плазме крови уровня мочевой кислоты наряду с увеличением содержания церулоплазмина и меди. В эритроцитах периферической крови при этом увеличивалось содержание восстановленного глутатиона. Установлены тесные корреляционные связи содержания мочевой кислоты с уровнем церулоплазмина и двухвалентной меди (Сu2+) в плазме крови, а также уровня мочевой кислоты с содержанием глутатиона в эритроцитах крыс. Заключение. Содержание животных в течение 3 мес под действием электромагнитного излучения дециметрового диапазона приводит к увеличению содержания мочевой кислоты в плазме крови крыс. Мочевая кислота наряду с церулоплазмином и глутатионом является мишенью для действия электромагнитного излучения, при этом изменения мочевой кислоты более значимы.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of decimeter range electromagnetic radiation on the concentration of uric acid in rat plasma and to assess a correlation between uric acid and major indexes of the antioxidant defense. Methods. Experiments were performed on rats exposed to decimeter-range electromagnetic field for three mos. The plasma concentration of uric acid was measured spectrophotometrically at one, two, and three mos. Correlations were assessed between concentrations of uric acid and ceruloplasmin, the main plasma antioxidant, as well as between uric acid and glutathione, the main non-enzymatic red blood cell antioxidant. Results. The long-term exposure of animals to the decimeter- range electromagnetic radiation for three mos. led to an increase in plasma concentrations of uric acid, ceruloplasmin, and copper. In peripheral red blood cells, the concentration of reduced glutathione increased. A significant correlation was found between plasma concentrations of uric acid and ceruloplasmin and copper (Cu2+) as well as between plasma uric acid and red cell glutathione. Conclusion. The long-term exposure of rats to decimeter-range electromagnetic radiation for three mos. leads to an increase in plasma concentration of uric acid. Uric acid, as well as ceruloplasmin and glutathione, is a target for the action of electromagnetic radiation with more pronounced changes in uric acid.
AQME: Automated Quantum Mechanical Environments for Researchers and Educators
Authors: Alegre-Requena Juan V. , Sowndarya Shree , Alturaifi Turki , Pérez-Soto Raúl , Paton Robert
Published: October 2022

AQME, Automated Quantum Mechanical Environments, is a free and open-source Python package for the rapid deployment of automated workflows using cheminformatics and quantum chemistry. AQME workflows integrate tasks performed across multiple computational chemistry packages and data formats, preserving all computational protocols, data, and metadata for machine and human users to access and reuse. AQME has a modular structure of independent modules that can be implemented in any sequence, allowing the users to use only the desired parts of the program. The code is intended for researchers with basic familiarity with the Python programming language. The CSEARCH module interfaces to molecular mechanics and semi-empirical QM (SQM) conformer generation tools (e.g., RDKit and Conformer–Rotamer Ensemble Sampling Tool, CREST) starting from various initial structure formats. The CMIN module enables geometry refinement with SQM and neural network potentials, such ANI-1. The QPREP module interfaces with multiple QM programs, such as Gaussian, ORCA, and PySCF. The QCORR module processes QM results, storing structural, energetic, and property data while also enabling automated error handling (i.e., convergence errors, wrong number of imaginary frequencies, isomerization, etc.) and job resubmission. The QDESCP module provides easy access to QM ensemble-averaged molecular descriptors and computed properties, such as NMR spectra. Overall, AQME provides automated, transparent, and reproducible workflows to produce, analyze and archive computational chemistry results. SMILES inputs can be used, and many aspects of tedious human manipulation can be avoided. Installation and execution on Windows, macOS, and Linux platforms has been tested, and the code has been developed to support access through Jupyter Notebooks, the command line, and job submission (e.g., Slurm) scripts. Examples of pre-configured workflows are available in various formats, and hands-on video tutorials illustrate their use.
Bond Bundle Analysis of Ketosteroid Isomerase
Authors: Wilson Timothy , Morgenstern Amanda , Alexandrova Anastassia , Eberhart Mark
Published: October 2022

Bond bundle analysis is used to investigate enzymatic catalysis in the ketosteroid isomerase (KSI) active site. We identify the unique bonding regions in five KSI systems, including those exposed to applied oriented electric fields and those with amino acid mutations, and calculate the precise redistribution of electron density and other regional properties that accompanies either enhancement or inhibition of KSI catalytic activity. We find that catalytic enhancement results from promoting both inter- and intra-molecular electron density redistribution, between bond bundles and bond wedges within the KSI-docked substrate molecule, in the forward direction of the catalyzed reaction. Though the redistribution applies to both types of perturbed systems, and is thus suggestive of a general catalytic role, we observe that bond properties (e.g. volume vs. energy vs. electron count) can respond independently and disproportionately depending on the type of perturbation. We conclude that the resulting catalytic enhancement/inhibition proceeds via different mechanisms, where some bond properties are utilized more by one type of perturbation than the other. Additionally, we find that the correlations between bond wedge properties and catalyzed reaction barrier energies are additive to predict those of bond bundles and atomic basins, providing a rigorous grounding for connecting changes in local charge density to resulting shifts in reaction barrier energy.
Graph neural networks predict energetic and mechanical properties for models of solid solution metal alloy phases
Authors: Lupo Pasini Massimiliano , Jung GS , Irle Stephan
Published: October 2022

We developed a graph convolutional neural network (GCNN) to predict the formation energy and the bulk modulus for models of solid solution alloys for various atomic crystal structures and relaxed volumes. We trained the GCNN model on a dataset for nickel-niobium (NiNb) that was generated for simplicity with the embedded atom model (EAM) empirical interatomic potential. The dataset has been generated by calculating the formation energy and the bulk modulus as a prototypical elastic property for optimized geometries starting from initial body-centered cubic (BCC), face-centered cubic (FCC), and hexagonal compact packed (HCP) crystal structures, with configurations spanning the possible compositional range for each of the three types of initial crystal structure. Numerical results show that the GCNN model effectively predicts both the formation energy and the bulk modulus as functions of the optimized crystal structure, relaxed volume, and configurational entropy of the model structures for solid solution alloys.
MemCross: Accelerated Weight Histogram method to assess membrane permeability
Authors: Benmameri Mehdi , Chantemargue Benjamin , Humeau Antoine , Trouillas Patrick , Fabre Gabin
Published: October 2022

Passive permeation events across biological membranes are determining steps in the pharmacokinetics of xenobiotics. To reach an accurate and rapid prediction of membrane permeation coefficients of drugs is a complex challenge, which can efficiently support drug discovery. Such predictions are indeed highly valuable as they may guide the selection of potential leads with optimum bioavailabilities prior to synthesis. Theoretical models exist to predict these coefficients. Many of them are based on molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, which allow calculation of permeation coefficients through the evaluation of both the potential of mean force (PMF) and the diffusivity profiles. However, these simulations still require intensive computational efforts, and novel methodologies should be developed and benchmarked. Free energy perturbation (FEP) method was recently shown to estimate PMF with a significantly reduced computational cost compared to the adaptive biasing force method. This benchmarking was achieved with small molecules, namely short-chain alcohols. Here, we show that to estimate the PMF of bulkier, drug-like xenobiotics, conformational sampling is a critical issue. To reach a sufficient sampling with FEP calculations requires a relatively long time-scale, which can lower the benefits related to the computational gain. In the present work, the Accelerated Weight Histogram (AWH) method was employed for the first time in all-atom membrane models. The AWH-based protocol, named MemCross, appears affordable to estimate PMF profiles of a series of drug-like xenobiotics, compared to other enhanced sampling methods. The continuous exploration of the crossing pathway by MemCross also allows modelling subdiffusion by computing fractional diffusivity profiles. The method is also versatile as its input parameters are largely insensitive to the molecule properties. It also ensures a detailed description of the molecule orientations along the permeation pathway, picturing all intermolecular interactions at an atomic resolution. Here, MemCross was applied on a series of 12 xenobiotics, including four weak acids, and a coherent structure-activity relationship was established.
A Resource to Support Decolonization of the Undergraduate Chemistry Curriculum
Authors: Uleanya Ogochukwu Kelechi , Dessent Caroline E. H. , Furfari Sam , Jones Leonie C. , Selwe Kgato P. , Milner Amelia B.
Published: October 2022

In our taught chemistry curricula, the majority of individuals who are used to illustrate historical aspects of chemistry topics are white western chemists. Decolonizing the undergraduate chemistry curricula is increasingly recognized as an important step towards developing a more inclusive higher-education environment for students from minoritized ethnic backgrounds. Here, we provide the first openly accessible resource that can be used to decolonize an undergraduate chemistry course. In particular, the resource provides examples of both individual scientists and groups that can be used to illustrate chemistry teaching, and hence provide role model examples of scientists from different cultures. The resource presented provides a significant body of examples for chemistry lecturers to use as they begin working towards decolonizing their curricula.
Graphitic C6N6-Based Copper Single Atom Catalyst Mimicking Adaptability of Nature for Dynamic Biosensors
Authors: Hong Qing , Yang Hong , Li Wang , Zhu Caixia , Fang Yanfeng , Liang Sicheng , Cao Xuwen , Shen Yanfei , Liu Songqin , Zhang Yuanjian
Published: October 2022

Living systems can perceive and respond to environmental stimuli through multiple reaction pathways. Mimicking such adaptability from nature is highly envisioned in artificial intelligent chemical devices. However, the inconsistency of reaction conditions hampers the effective coupling of hybridized system with multiple reaction pathways. Herein, we reported a CuSAC6N6 single-atom catalyst with multiple oxygen-oriented reaction pathways that emerged as an intriguing way to address the challenges of conditions inconsistency. CuSAC6N6 could not only drive primary substrate oxidation with Cu-bound oxygen as intermediates but also undertake a second gain reaction under light stimuli, involving intermediates of free reactive oxygen species (ROS) under the same conditions. Notably, CuSAC6N6 demonstrated remarkable primary activity and a superb gain of up to 3.6 times under light stimuli. It was significantly higher by a factor of 80% than that under acknowledged temperature inducement with an increase of 30 oC from room temperature. As a proof-of-concept application, under light stimuli of different intensities, CuSAC6N6 was successfully applied to a single glucose sensor with adjustable sensitivity (5×10^-6 - 6×10^-3 M) and limit of detection (1.20-195.02 μM) precisely response to a diverse range of concentrations in vitro.
What Goes On When We Apologize?
Authors: Bennett Christopher
Published: October 2022

In this paper, I argue that our practice of giving and demanding apologies is rationalized by a belief that apologies make a difference to our normative situation. The characteristic normative effects of an apology are, I claim, that it removes an obligation on others to distance themselves from the wrongdoer, and that it makes the apologizer personally accountable to the addressee for their future compliance with the obligation they violated. However, if we ask what rationalizes that belief, two influential views on the literature on apology – that I call the Reassurance View and the Performing Deference View – prove to be inadequate. In particular, these views cannot explain how apology can be both an expression of remorse for one’s wrongdoing but also a performative through which, by carrying out certain canonical actions, one can – all at once – change one’s normative situation. In order to explain these features of apology, I suggest that we see apology as akin to a normative power, but a normative power that is exercised expressively, or by an expressive action. In particular, I suggest that we see the power of apology as exercised by the performance of the expressive action of dissociation.
No Grit without Freedom
Authors: Marušić Berislav
Published: October 2022

In their article “Grit,” Jennifer Morton and Sarah Paul put forward an account of the rationality of grit. They argue that the gritty agent is epistemically resilient in her response to evidence of incapacity, and she is rational in doing so, insofar as such a response is epistemically permissible once she has taken on a commitment to pursuing a goal. In the present discussion, I argue that Morton and Paul disregard the significance of freedom for understanding the rationality of grit. Their view thus faces the problems of how to coordinate deliberation prior to committing to a goal with deliberation afterwards, and of how to understand the self-consciousness of grit. As an alternative, I propose that the rationality of grit should be understood in terms of an agent’s license to settle matters that are partly up to her through practical reasoning, precisely to the extent that they are up to her. Thus, grit can be understood as an instance of diachronic practical rationality.
Non-destructive control of roads by georadars (review article, part I)
Authors: Batrakov D. O. , Kovalov М. М. , Maslennikov А.О. , Batrakova А.G. , Urdzik S.N.
Published: October 2022

Relevance. The relevance of the studies outlined in the article is due to their focus on the implementation of the state strategy for ensuring the reliability and extending the resource of transport and engineering structures, the implementation of which is associated with the methods and means of obtaining information and processing it in real time; methods for assessing the state of engineering structures, a feature of which is a significant heterogeneity of geometric and physical-mechanical parameters, which complicates the use of diagnostic results. With the obvious advantages of wave sounding methods, their application is constrained by the complexity of the tasks of interpreting the results obtained and the associated errors in determining the parameters of structures; the multifactorial nature of the problems of evaluating the parameters of multicomponent materials of structures, the imperfection of flaw detection methods. Purpose of work – a review of the capabilities of modern georadars and means of processing ultra-wideband signals together with computer-oriented systems for numerical modeling, optimization of methods for processing georadar data for solving problems of detecting and identifying subsurface irregularities in building structures that are a flat-layered medium. Materials and methods. The first part of the article provides a brief overview of the main methods of processing data sets obtained using pulsed GPR. A new method of data processing using specialized software is proposed GeoVizy. The possibilities of using the methods of the modern theory of diffraction and methods of signal analysis in the space-time domain for solving the problems of flaw detection are also briefly considered. Results. The results obtained in this work are based on remote sensing data, proposed mathematical models and methods for processing sensing data. Based on the results of the comparative analysis of the capabilities of georadars, practical recommendations were proposed to improve the reliability of the data sets obtained, and possible directions for further research were substantiated. Conclusions. The results of numerical modeling and laboratory experiments obtained in this work confirmed the previously stated theoretical assumptions about the degree of influence of the key parameters of ultra-wideband GPR on the reliability of the results obtained. The significance of the new scientific results obtained consists not only in the use of new sensing means and new models of processing and subsequent interpretation of the data obtained, but also in the considered prospects for progress in the field of non-destructive testing and diagnostics.
Time domain analysis of impulse electromagnetic field at the interface of two media
Authors: Havrylenko D. I. , Dumin O. M. , Plakhtii V. A.
Published: October 2022

Background. Ultrashort pulses of electromagnetic field are widely used in construction, archeology and demining, etc., by constructing effective georadars of the underlying surface, but theoretical study of physical processes of irradiation of medium is had a limit range of simplified model problems, usually in frequency domain. Therefore, the solutions of the problems of penetration of a pulsed wave with arbitrary time dependence into material medium are of special importance for understanding the possibilities and limitations of georadar’s study.

Objectives. To obtain the analytical solution in time domain of the problems of reflection and propagation of a impulse electromagnetic wave through the interface of two media, which is the first model approximation to the description of physical processes that occur during operation of pulsed ultrawideband radar.

Materials and methods. The problem of irradiation by nonstationary electric field of a lossless medium with a given permittivity is solved analytically by application of evolutionary approach. It consists in solving of Cauchy’s problem for the second-order partial differential equation Klein–Gordon type with respect to evolutionary coefficients. The components of the electromagnetic field in free space are found by integration by spectral parameters and summation by angular modes with appropriate combinations of basis functions.

Results. Cauchy’s problems for differential equations that describe the behavior of reflected and refracted waves are solved. The electrical transverse components of the reflected and refracted waves as a function of time on the longitudinal axis were found for the case of irradiation with the step-like time dependence. Graphs of dependence of electric components on time and coordinates are plotted and analyzed.

Conclusion. The phenomenon of an electromagnetic missiles in the medium that was irradiated by a pulsed electromagnetic wave of ultrashort duration was demonstrated for the first time. The obtained results can be generalized for the case of an arbitrary impulse by the Duhamel’s integral method. In addition, the electric field for observation point that do not lie on the longitudinal axis can be considered. An even more interesting continuation of the researches in terms of energy analysis is the study of the behavior of longitudinal electric and transverse magnetic components.
Ambiente alimentar e excesso de peso em escolares: uma revisão sistemática sul-americana
Authors: Cardozo Najla de Oliveira , Crisp Alex Harley , Pinheiro Fernandes Anna Christina , Trude Angela Cristina Bizzotto , Araneda-Flores Jacqueline , Oliveira Maria Rita Marques de
Published: October 2022

Objetivo.

Identificar e compilar os achados de estudos observacionais que analisaram a relação de fatores do ambiente alimentar escolar e individuais de consumo na escola com excesso de peso em escolares da América do Sul no período de 2011 a 2021.

Métodos.

A pesquisa foi realizada em cinco bases de dados (PubMed, Web of Science, SciELO, Scopus e LILACS) e no Google Scholar, além de consulta a especialistas. Foram selecionados estudos observacionais com escolares de 5 a 19 anos, realizados na América do Sul, que usaram medidas objetivas para avaliar excesso de peso, como o índice de massa corporal (Organização Mundial da Saúde e/ou International Obesity Task Force), em associação a fatores do ambiente alimentar escolar e individuais de consumo na escola. O protocolo foi registrado na plataforma PROSPERO (CRD42020212383).

Resultados.

Dos 906 registros identificados, 13 estudos transversais (um da Argentina, um do Equador e 11 do Brasil) foram incluídos na revisão. As prevalências variaram de 7,5% a 32,5% para sobrepeso e 1,7% a 28,0% para obesidade. Fatores do ambiente alimentar escolar, dos domínios político e físico (como educação alimentar e nutricional insatisfatória e indisponibilidade de refeições preparadas na escola) se associaram com maiores prevalências de excesso de peso. Fatores individuais relacionados à adesão ao programa de alimentação escolar (como consumo da alimentação oferecida pela escola ao invés de lanche trazido de casa) se associaram a menores prevalências de excesso de peso.

Conclusões.

São escassos os estudos sul-americanos enfocando a associação entre fatores do ambiente alimentar escolar e/ou individuais e excesso de peso em escolares. As evidências restritas a contextos locais ou regionais incentivam novos estudos de abrangência nacional.
Telemedicina: validación de un cuestionario para evaluar la experiencia de los profesionales de la salud
Authors: Sommer Janine , Torre Ana Clara , Bibiloni Nuria , Plazzotta Fernando , Vázquez Peña Fernando , Terrasa Sergio Adrián , Boietti Bruno , Bruchanski Lucila , Mazzuoccolo Luis , Luna Daniel
Published: October 2022

Objetivo.

El siguiente trabajo tiene como objetivo desarrollar y validar un cuestionario para evaluar la experiencia de los profesionales de la salud con los sistemas de telemedicina.

Métodos.

A partir de la versión abreviada en español y validada localmente del cuestionario para pacientes desarrollado por Parmanto y col., un grupo de expertos consensuó una versión para evaluar la experiencia de profesionales de la salud que brindan servicios de telemedicina. El comportamiento psicométrico de los ítems se testeó en una primera muestra de 129 profesionales a través de un análisis factorial exploratorio. Luego, se evaluó su comprensibilidad a través de entrevistas cognitivas. Por último, en una nueva muestra de 329 profesionales, se evaluó la validez de constructo del cuestionario mediante un análisis factorial confirmatorio (AFC), y su validez de criterio externo, mediante la evaluación de su puntaje con el de una pregunta de resumen.

Resultados.

Se obtuvo un cuestionario de 12 ítems con una estructura de dos factores con indicadores de ajuste aceptables, documentada mediante AFC. La fiabilidad, la validez convergente y la validez discriminante fueron apropiadas. La validez de criterio externo mostró resultados óptimos.

Conclusiones.

El instrumento obtenido cuenta con propiedades psicométricas adecuadas y contribuirá a la evaluación objetiva de la experiencia de los profesionales que realizan telemedicina.
Fake News: o “espetáculo” como gênese das “notícias falsas”
Authors: Cechinel André , Mueller Rafael Rodrigo , Gonçalves Alves Ismael
Published: October 2022

En contraste con la comprensión de que las noticias falsas son solo la reversión de la “verdad”, la “verdad” que se ha convertido en mentira, “este artículo propone vincular la noción de “noticias falsas “a los desarrollos contemporáneos del concepto de espectáculo, presentado en 1967 por Guy Debord. Para hacerlo, el argumento se divide en tres puntos principales: la relación entre el espectáculo y la sociedad excitada, según formulado por Christoph Türcke (2010); la reducción del debate político a una política del efecto sujeto a los juegos de “Circulación de sí mismo”; finalmente, la consolidación de lo que Pierre Laval y Christian Dardot (2016) llaman “nueva razón en el mundo”, una racionalidad basada en una forma de subjetivación empresarial y narcisista. Lo que se espera demonstrar, en resumen, es que sin la reflexión sobre estas dimensiones, el debate sobre las noticias falsas se vuelve inocuo.
Development of animation-based learning media with music and song lyrics on the cell division material at Al-Bahra High School Jeneponto Regency
Authors: Wahyuddin Wahyuddin , Jamilah Jamilah , Damayanti Eka , Maulana Andi
Published: October 2022

Learning media in the teaching and learning process has many uses or functions that significantly strengthen the learning objectives. This research aimed to develop learning media based on animation and song lyrics on cell division material for senior high school students and determine its validity, practicality, and effectiveness. This study used the Research and Development  method referred to ADDIE model. The model consisted of five stages (analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation). The product developed was animation-based learning media with music and song lyrics and was tested through validity tests, practice tests, and effectiveness tests.  The research instruments were validation sheets to validate the media by experts, a response questionnaire to collect information from educators and students regarding the practicality of the media, and learning outcomes tests given to students. In this study, the product was tested on class XII senior high school students of Al-Bahra, Jeneponto, Indonesia. The results showed the validity level of the media was 3.68 with the very valid category. The practicality level of the media was 3.56 with the very practical category with the percentage of the effectiveness rate was 85.71% with the effective category. This study concludes that animation-based learning media with music and song lyrics on cell division material is available in the learning process because it has met the valid, practical, and effective criteria.
KONSEKUENSI PERADILAN DALAM MENOLAK PERKARA DALAM PERPEKTIF KEADILAN
Authors: Luhukay Roni Sulistyanto
Published: October 2022

Suatu larangan menolak untuk memeriksa, mengadili, dan memutus suatu perkara yang diajukan dengan dalih tidak hukum akan tetapi di satu sisi hakim wajib untuk memeriksa dan mengadilinya hal ini tanpa disadari belum dapat memberikan suatu jaminan terhadap suatu keadilan di karena peradilan merupakan lembaga penyelesain sengketa Negara yang di harapkan dapat memberikan solusi terhadap suatu permasalahan hukum dan jika suatu lembaga yang di harapkan dapat memberikan solusi terhadap suatu permasalahan hukum menolak untuk memberikan solusi terhadap kewenangan yang di berikannya secara tidak langsung lembaga ini dianggap mangkir dalam memberikan jaminan keadilan artinya tindakan ini dapat melahirkan konsekuensi di karenakan tidak sejalan dengan amanah konstitusi selain itu dapat menimbulkan kerugian kepada para pihak yang bersengketa secara filosofis hal ini mengambarkan bahwa pengadilan yang menolak mengadili karena tidak menginterpretasi undang-undang yang tidak memadai karena berpegang secara ketat asas dinyatakan bersalah karena penyangkalan terhadap keadilan. Karakteristik pembentukan UU No. 48 tahun 2009 tentang kekuasaan kehakiman di indonesia belum mampu menjawab persoalan keadilan di indonesia apabila di bandingkan dengan negara france membentuk aturan yang berdasarkan keadilan dimana produk hukum yang di bentuknya sangat mengikat lembaga lembaga negara khususnya lembaga peradilan serta memberikan sanksi pidana maupun administrasi dengan tujuan mencegah kesewenang- wenangan peradilan untuk itu  pengadilan dapat melaksanakan kewajibannya  menggali, mengikuti, dan memahami nilai-nilai hukum dan rasa keadilan.
PERSPEKTIF YURIDIS TERHADAP ANAK SEBAGAI PELAKU KEKERASAN SEKSUAL (STUDI PUTUSAN PENGADILAN WONOGIRI NOMOR: 4/PID.SUS-ANAK/2018/PN WNG)
Authors: Budoyo Sapto , Hardiyanti Marzellina , Nur Fajri Fridayana
Published: October 2022

Kekerasan seksual adalah segala kegiatan yang terdiri dari aktivitas seksual yang dilakukan secara paksa oleh orang dewasa pada anak atau oleh anak kepada anak lainnya. Penulisan penelitian untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi anak melakukan tindak pidana kekerasan seksual, pendekatan restorative justice system terhadap anak pelaku tindak pidana kekerasan seksual serta menganalisis putusan hakim di Pengadilan Negeri Wonogiri pada perkara No : 4/Pid.Sus-Anak/2018/Pn Wng. Metode yang digunakan dalam penulisan ini adalah yuridis normatif, pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif, dengan pengumpulan data dari studi dokumen dan studi kepustakaan. Analisis data menggunakan reduksi data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, faktor yang mempengaruhi anak melakukan tindak pidana kekerasan seksual adalah adanya keterkaitan hubungan antara pelaku dan korban yang kemudian dimanfaatkan oleh pelaku lalu adanya pengaruh lingkungan seperti jauh dari keramaian, sendirian tanpa pendampingan orangtua. Penyelesaian kekerasan seksual yang dilakukan anak dibawah umur diupayakan untuk melakukan pendekatan restorative justice system.  Kemudian, pertimbangan keputusan hakim pada perkara Nomor : 4/Pid.Sus-Anak/2018/Pn Wng yang dianalisis penulis hakim memutus suatu tindak pidana berupa pengobatan dan atau rehabilitasi pada Yayasan Pembinaan Anak Nakal (YPAN) Bhina Putera Surakarta selama 2 (dua) tahun dan pidana denda sebesar Rp60.000.000.00 (enam puluh juta rupiah) dengan ketentuan apabila denda tidak dibayar, maka wajib diganti dengan pelatihan kerja selama 1 (satu) bulan.
KEBIJAKAN SANKSI PIDANA BAGI PENYEDIA JASA DAN PENYEBARLUAS PORNOGRAFI DALAM UNDANG – UNDANG ITE SERTA MENURUT HUKUM ISLAM
Authors: Sunardi Sunardi
Published: October 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kebijakan sanksi pidana bagi penyedia jasa internet yang bermuatan pornografi serta untuk menelaah aturan hukum serta alasan mengapa bentuk dan kriteria tindak pidana pornografi dalam masyarakat bisa menerapkan sanksi tindak pidana pornografi menurut Undang-Undang Nomor 44 Tahun 2008, Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2008 tentang informasi dan transaksi elektronik dan bahkan Hukum Islam. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian hukum yuridis normatif, dengan mengkaji peraturan perundang-undangan, dengan melihat hukum dari aspek normatif. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah bahan hukum. Hasil penelitian menunjukan Sanksi pidana bagi penyedia jasa internet yang berbuatan pornografi sebagaimana tercantum dalam Undang-undang Nomor 44 tahun 2008 dan bentuk dan kriteria dalam hukum pidana Islam yang dapat dikategorikan sebagai tindak pidana pornografi adanya bentuk tingkah laku, sifat melawan hukum, kesalahan, akibat konstitutif, keadaan menyertai, syarat tambahan untuk dapatnya dituntut pidana, dan syarat tambahan untuk dapat dipidana. Penerapan sanksi tindak pidana dalam hukum Islam hukuman bagi pelaku tindak pidana pornografi bisa dihukum dengan hukuman zina, ta’zir, dan qisas yang artinya Hukum Islam saat ini hanya dapat diterapkan dibeberapa provinsi di Indonesia.
EKSEKUSI JAMINAN FIDUSIA SETELAH PUTUSAN MK No 18/PUU-XVII/2019 DI PENGADILAN NEGERI SEMARANG
Authors: Tri Budi Utomo Darmawan , Anggraeni Dewi Mieke , Pratiwi Icha
Published: October 2022

Jaminan  Fidusia lahir karena kebutuhan masyarakat akan lembaga jaminan  selain hipotek dan gadai,  dalam jaminan gadai  objek  jaminan terbentur pada ketentuan Pasal 1152 KUH Perdata. Bahwa objek jaminan berada dalam kekuasaan kreditur (inbezitseliing).  Berbeda dengan gadai,  objek jaminan fidusia masih berada  dalam penguasan debitur. Dalam hal  Eksekusi jaminan fidusia yang diatur dalam UUF pelaksanaannya masih memimbulkan permasalahan hukum di dalam prakteknya.Tujuan dalam  penelitian ini  untuk mengetahui pelaksanaan eksekusi, hambatan-hambatan dan cara mengatasi    atas jaminan eksekusi fidusia di Pengadilan Negeri Semarang setelah Putusan Mahkamah Konsitusi No. 18/PUU-XVII/2019. Metode pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini metode yuridis Normatif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian kreditur penerima fidusia tidak boleh melakukan eksekusi sendiri (Parate Eksekusi) melainkan harus mengajukan permohonan pelaksanaan kepada Pengadilan Negeri. Parate eksekusi dapat dilakukan apabila ada kesepakatan tentang cidera janji yang telah ditentukan diawal dan debitur bersedia menyerahkan objek jaminan fidusia secara sukarela.. Hambatan hambatan yang timbul dalam eksekusi jaminan fidusia antara lai Jaminan fidusia yang dibuat hanya dengan akta di bawah tangan  dan tidak didaftarkan ke Kantor Jaminan Fidusia, barang hilang, biaya eksekusi yang sangat besar, barang rusak, barang dikuasai oleh pihak ketiga antara lain barang disewakan maupun dijual ke orang lain
PENERAPAN HUKUM WARIS PADA MASYARAKAT SEDULUR SIKEP DESA BATUREJO
Authors: Soeprijanto Troeboes , Ecky Erwanda Rizal
Published: October 2022

Permasalahan yang diteliti dalam Artikel ini yaitu tentang Pembagian Hukum Waris Sedulur Sikep Indonesia merupakan bangsa yang masyarakatnya memiliki keragaman suku, ras, agama dan adat kebiasaan yang tersebar di kota dan di desa menggunakan metode empiris Secara Umum adalah suatu keadaan yang berdasarkan pada kejadian yang perah dialami yang didapat melalui penelitian observasi, Dalam penelitian metode atau teknik pengumpulan data terlebih dahulu untuk mengetahui keberhasilan dalam peneliti. Metode tersebut berkaitan dengan cara yang dilakukan untuk mengumpulkan data dari mengetahui sumbernya. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Tata Cara Pembagian Warisan masyarakat ini memiliki nilai keadilan dimana semua anak mendapatkan HAK nya sama dibagi Rata hal tersebut juga sudah dilakukan pendahulunya tidak ada yang di ubah sama sekali dalam Pembagian Warisan nya , dan warisan tersebut bersifat Parental Terhadap Sistem Pewarisan Adat  Sistem keturunan parental atau bilateral adalah masyarakat hukum, di mana para anggotanya menarik garis keturunan ke atas melalui garis Bapak dan garis Ibu, terus ke atas sehingga dijumpai seorang laki-laki dan seorang perempuan sebagai moyangnya dan jika pun ada sengketa itu pun juga akan diselesaikan dalam masalah kekeluargaan.
Experience of using the evaluations of the repeatability and reproducibility in compa­ ring test methods according to ISO 5725-6 "Accuracy (trueness and preci­ sion) of methods and measurement results. Part 6. Using precision values in practice"
Authors: Kravtsova M. I. , Truhanovich T. Yu. , Vinokurova O. Yu.
Published: October 2022

The trueness and precision indicators of two methods — complexometric titration and atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) — were evaluated to select a method that would provide a higher accuracy of copper determination in a brass coating. In the titrimetric method of copper determination, the brass coating was dissolved in a mixture of ammonia and hydrogen peroxide and titrated with a solution of Trilon В in the presence of xylenol orange indicator, whereas for the atomic absorption method the coating was dissolved in nitric acid and the test solution was measured on an atomic absorption spectrometer. Two laboratories took part in the experiment. The results of measurements and the calculated precision indicators (repeat­ability and reproducibility) for both methods are presented. The intra-laboratory (intermediate precision) and general precision of the methods was compared using the Fisher test, whereas the overall average cop­ per content was compared with the certified value of a standard brass sample in accordance with ISO 5725-6 "Accuracy (trueness and precision) of methods and measurement results. Part 6. Using precision values in practice. " It is shown that the atomic absorption method is the most accurate among two consid­ered methods for determining the mass content of copper in a brass coating, as it has acceptable indicators of precision and trueness.
Determination of the total content of similar substances using integrated indices or multivariate calibrations at a high intragroup selectivity of signals
Authors: Vershinin V. I. , Abramova A. E.
Published: October 2022

The total content (cs ) of similar organic compounds is usually determined without their separation by measuring their generalized spectral signals at one or more analytical wavelengths (AW). The resulted es­ timates of cs are approximately adequate if all the sensitivity coefficients of the substances (components of the desired group) are the values of the same order of magnitude. The possibility of a correct assessment of cs with a strongly pronounced intragroup selectivity of signals has not been previously tested. Model hexane solutions of the known composition simultaneously containing mono-, bi-, and tricyclic arenes at сs value about 10-4 mol/dm3were analyzed to verify this variant of the group analysis. At a fixed wavelength, the values of molar absorptivity of arenes with different numbers of rings differ by 2 - 3 orders of magni­tude. Two variants of group analysis were compared: 1) measurement of the generalized signal of arenes at 260 nm with subsequent calculation of the result using univariate calibration in terms of naphthalene or anthracene; 2) measurement of generalized signals for several m wavelengths in the spectral region of 250 - 290 nm with subsequent calculation of the result using the inverted multivariate calibration. The first method (calculation of the integrated index) led to large systematic errors, sometimes exceeding 100 % rel. (in modulus) which appeared insensitive both to the wavelength and to the nature of the stan­dard substance. The second method provided more correct results and even at m = 11 the errors of group analysis did not exceed 10 %. Nevertheless, the errors in the estimation of csdramatically increased if the sample contains components (arenes) of the desired group that were not taken into account when con­structing the inverted calibration. It is shown that with a strongly pronounced intragroup selectivity of signals, group analysis can and should be carried out using inverted multivariate calibrations.
Effect of Diabetes Mellitus Comorbidity on Mortality Risk in Tuberculosis Patients who Received Tuberculosis Treatment: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Anasulfalah Hakim , Tamtomo Didik Gunawan , Murti Bhisma
Published: October 2022

Background: Tuberculosis or TB is a disease caused by the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. There are several comorbidities that experience severity and death when infected with tuberculosis or TB, namely hypertension, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, cerebrovascular disease, and other diseases. This study aims to estimate the magnitude of the risk of death in Tuberculosis patients undergoing treatment with comorbid Diabetes Mellitus, with a meta-analysis of primary studies conducted by previous authors.Subjects and Method: This was a systematic review and meta-analysis with the following PICO, population: Tuberculosis patients. Intervention: comorbidities of chronic diabetes mellitus. Comparison: without comorbid diabetes mellitus. Outcome: death. The articles used in this study were obtained from three databases, namely Google Scholar, Pubmed, and Science Direct. Keywords to search for articles “Tuberclosis” OR TBC AND “Diabetes Mellitus” OR DM AND Mortality OR Death The included full-text articles are in English with a cohort study design from 2007 to 2021 and report the adjusted Odds Ratio (aOR) in a multivariate analysis. Article selection is done by using PRISMA flow diagram. Articles were analyzed using the Review Manager 5.3 application.Results: A total of 12 cohort studies involving tuberculosis patients undergoing treatment from America, Europe, Africa and Asia were selected for a systematic review and meta-analysis. The data collected showed tuberculosis patients undergoing treatment with comorbid Diabetes Mellitus had a 1.68 times risk of death compared to COVID-19 patients without comorbid chronic kidney disease (aOR = 1.68; 95% CI = 1.42 to 1.99; p<0.001).Conclusion: Diabetes mellitus comorbidity increases the risk of death in tuberculosis patients undergoing treatment.
Keywords: Diabetes Melitus, Tuberculosis, mortality
Correspondence:Hakim Anasulfalah. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Jawa Tengah. Email: isnanr28@gmail.com. Mobile: 081327215685.
Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Health Care Workers in the Management of Peptic Ulcer at the Paul VI and the Bogodogo District Hospitals, in Burkina Faso
Authors: Somé Eric Nagaonlé , Zongo Issaka , Guinganné Alice Nanelin , Congo Estelle , Drabo Maxime Koiné , Sombié Roger
Published: October 2022

Background: In 2015, peptic ulcer disease (PUD) was cause of 52.3% and 17% of digestive bleeding and death in respectively among in-hospital patients at the gastroenterology units of the main hospital in Ouagadougou. We aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices of the health care workers in the management of PUD.Subjects dan Method: It was a descriptive cross-sectional study with a prospective data collection implemented at the Paul VI and the Bogodogo District Hospitals in Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso) from December 15, 2015 to January 25, 2016. A questionnaire was administered to 134 health care workers including medical doctors, nurses and midwives.Results: The mean age was 33 years (Mean= 33.6; SD= 5.84). Females represented 61.9%. Knowledge levels were good to excellent for general knowledge, symptoms and treatment of PUD. Depending on the agent's qualification, knowledge levels were excellent in all areas for two-thirds to three-quarters of the general practitioners, except for knowledge of additional investigation analyses, where only 47.8% had an excellent knowledge. Depending on the level of education, the level of knowledge was at least good for more than 50% of the agents except for the knowledge of additional investigation analyses where only 45.2 % of the agents of secondary school level had a good knowledge. The main attitudes consisted in managing the patients in emergency and out of an emergency context in 45.8% and 42.2% of the cases, respectively. Regarding the practices, 51.5% of the HCWs systematically requested investigation analyses before starting an aetiological therapy.Conclusion: The PUD knowledge ranks from good to excellent. However, the frequent prescription of symptomatic treatments could be the cause of many complications. The promotion of continuous medical education is a good mitigation plan to resolve the issues of knowledge and competence regarding the PUD.
Keywords: attitude, knowledge, peptic ulcer disease, practice
Correspondence:Eric Nagaonlé Somé. Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé (IRSS)/CNRST 10 BP 250 Ouagadougou 10 Burkina Faso. Email: eric.some@gmail.com. Mobile phone: +22670751333.
Correlation between Overweight and Mental Health in Adolescents: A Meta Analysis
Authors: Anisa Riski , Dewi Yulia Lanti Retno , Prasetya Hanung
Published: October 2022

Background: Adolescence is a critical period in human life because of the various changes that occur during this stage of life. Overweight and obesity in adolescents is a major public health problem in all developing countries, in addition to affecting physical health, can have a negative impact on mental health. This study aims to analyze the primary study of the effect of being overweight and obese on mental health in adolescents with a meta-analysis. Subjects and Method: This study is a meta-analysis with the following PICO, Population: teenagers. Intervention: overweight and obese. Comparison: normal weight. Outcome: mental health. The articles used in this study were obtained from three databases, namely Google Scholar, Pubmed, and Science Direct. Keywords to search for articles [(adolescent OR teenager OR children) AND (“body mass index” OR BMI OR overweight OR obesity) AND (depression OR “depression symptom”) AND (anxiety OR “anxiety symptom”)]. The included articles are full text in English in 2010 to 2022 with cohort study design and report on aOR in multivariate analysis. The selection of articles is done by using PRISMA flow diagram. Articles were analyzed using the Review Manager 5.3 application.Results: Nine studies were included in this study, six studies from the Americas, two studies from the European continent, and one study from the Australian continent. The data collected showed an increased risk for depression and anxiety in adolescents who were overweight and obese than adolescents who had normal weight. Obese adolescents had a higher risk of depression (aOR= 1.64; 95% CI= 1.42 to 1.90; p<0.001) than overweight adolescents (aOR= 1.09; 95% CI= 1.00 to 1.18; p= 0.050). Adolescents who were obese had a higher risk of anxiety (aOR= 1.27; 95% CI= 1.08 to 1.49; p= 0.003) than adolescents who were overweight (aOR= 1.10; 95% CI= 1.01 to 1.19; p= 0.020).Conclusion: Overweight and obesity can have an influence on the mental health of adolescents.
Keywords: adolescent, overweight, obese, depression, anxiety, meta-analysis.
Correspondence:Riski Anisa. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java, Indonesia. Email: riskianisa93@gmail.com. Mobile: +6285749027212.