bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study of various groups of regulatory molecules during pregnancy against the background of chronic pyelonephritis
Authors: Shcherbakov V. I. , Obukhova O. O. , Ryabichenko T. I. , Skosyreva G. A. , Gorbenko O. M. , Kosyanova T. G.
Published: January 2024

The presence of infectious inflammatory process in a pregnant woman can lead to a disorder in the “mother – placenta – fetus” system.

Aim of the study was to investigate the level of regulatory and pro-inflammatory molecules in pregnancy occurring against the background of chronic pyelonephritis without exacerbation.

Material and methods. The concentration of IL-17A, monocytic chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and IgG autoantibodies to double-stranded DNA (AAT to nDNA) was determined in the blood serum of pregnant women with a gestation period of 36–40 weeks using ELISA.

Results. It has been shown that in the third trimester of pregnancy occurring against the background of chronic pyelonephritis without exacerbation, compared with a normal pregnancy, the level of MHP-1 and IL-17A increases, the content of VEGF decreases, and the concentration of AAT to nDNA does not change significantly. An increase in the proinflammatory cytokine IL17A and a decrease in VEGF level can lead to intrauterine fetal growth retardation due to inhibition of amino acid transporters in the placenta.

Conclusions. In pregnancy occurring against the background of chronic pyelonephritis without exacerbation, a change in the level of IL17A, MСP-1, VEGF can have a significant impact on the course of pregnancy.
Clinical case of Loeffler’s endomyocarditis
Authors: Yashin S. S. , Yunusova Yu. R. , Chadayeva M. N.
Published: January 2024

Eosinophilic endomyocarditis is caused by direct infiltration of heart tissue by eosinophils with the development of specific inflammation. The main etiological factor of the disease is a significant increase in the level of eosinophils in peripheral blood. Loeffler syndrome can be caused by such factors and pathological conditions as idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome, allergic diseases, parasitic infections, autoimmune processes, cancer. A clinical case of Loeffler syndrome in an 84-year-old patient with heart, lung, liver, kidney and pancreatic lesions is presented. Difficulties of differential diagnostics of this syndrome because of individual clinical picture and signs of the course are discussed in the article. Timely diagnosis of such a condition will prevent the rapid development of severe complications and carry out appropriate therapy, which will significantly prolong the life of patients with Loeffler syndrome. However, in the presence of nonspecific symptoms, the diagnosis of this disease may be diagnostically difficult for the physician.
W dowód pamięci. Nieznane listy Elizy Orzeszkowej do Amelii Jeleńskiej
Authors: Kościewicz Katarzyna
Published: January 2024

Autorka artykułu, opierając się na metodologii badań biograficznych, analizuje dwa nieznane listy Elizy Orzeszkowej adresowane do Amelii Jeleńskiej. Są one częścią niewielkiego zbioru korespondencji znajdującego się w archiwum wileńskiej pisarki Emmy Jeleńskiej-Dmochowskiej, prywatnie córki Amelii Jeleńskiej. Analiza listów pozwala pogłębić wiedzę na temat życia towarzyskiego i spraw prywatnych Elizy Orzeszkowej oraz przybliżyć mało znaną postać Amelii Jeleńskiej. W artykule został także podkreślony walor edytorski odnalezionej korespondencji. Do chwili obecnej uznawano ją za zaginioną. Archium Elizy Orzeszkowej nie zawiera bowiem żadnego listu do Amelii. Listy do niej wprowadzają tym samym jeszcze jednego adresata do grona stu kilkudziesięciu występujących w opublikowanych dotąd edycjach korespondencji Elizy Orzeszkowej.
Odnalezione listy Elizy Orzeszkowej do Amelii Jeleńskiej w jakimś stopniu niuansują naszą wiedzę na temat biografii Orzeszkowej, szczególnie w odniesieniu do życia osobistego. Pokazują bowiem pisarkę u schyłku życia, zaledwie trzy lata przed śmiercią, jako osobę z jednej strony bardzo cierpiącą z powodu nękających ją chorób, z drugiej poszukującą serdecznej i bliskiej relacji. Z Amelią Jeleńską połączyło ją wiele: wiek, pochodzenie, status ekonomiczny, zaangażowanie w działalność charytatywną i życiowe doświadczenia, jak konieczność sprzedaży majątku czy też wdowieństwo. Więź, która wytworzyła się między nimi, wydaje się obustronna, choć historia w tej sprawie nie oddała głosu Amelii.
The Integration of National and Religious Identity: an Overview of Identity Development in Elementary Schools
Authors: Anto Abdul Haris Fitri , Rahmawati Dyah Ayu , Martiarini Nuke
Published: January 2024

Conflicts between groups in Indonesia continue to occur, and diverse studies have attempted to find solutions. As one of the efforts to find these solutions, this research focuses on national identity development as a long-term effort to establish an inclusive national identity to reduce conflict between groups. This study aimed to provide an overview of the national identity development process implemented in public and private elementary schools. The data collection methods employed were observation, interviews, and document analysis. Coding analysis is applied to sort the data and generate themes for the findings. The empirical findings and discussion generate the following conclusions: First, efforts to develop a national identity in public and private elementary schools run comprehensively through cognitive aspects (thoughts, understanding, and principles), affective aspects (attitudes and appreciation), and behavioral aspects (actions and habits). These three aspects are well implemented in the school’s vision, curriculum, subject matter, learning process, non-academic activities, and social life. Second, there are kinds of national identities such as national symbols, religious identity, ethnic identity, and environmental identity. However, national identity and religious identity are boldly emphasized. This is to anticipate the tension between national identity and religious identity, which might stimulate conflict between identities. Therefore, national and religious identities are socialized as two unified identities. Finally, the success rate of the development of national identity in schools varies due to various factors. However, this is a prospect for further research, especially in schools, families, and society.
Pre-Service Ece Teachers’ Experiences in Implementing Multicultural Education
Authors: Pratiwi Hardiyanti , Haida Rizki Noor , Riwanda Agus , Minasyan Sona
Published: January 2024

This research explores the essential importance of pre-service early childhood education (ECE) teachers having a strong comprehension and proficiency in intercultural instruction. This research focuses on examining the practical experiences of 168 pre-service ECE teachers from four institutions in Kalimantan. The main objective is to investigate how these teachers negotiate the implementation of multicultural education throughout their field placements. The research utilizes a descriptive quantitative research methodology by conducting surveys. Pre-service ECE teachers utilize a variety of methods to introduce and commemorate cultural diversity among young learners. These activities encompass field visits, media exploration, cultural performances, and storytelling to cultivate comprehension and admiration for diverse cultures. Although a few individuals encounter difficulties when carrying out tasks, the majority enthusiastically adopt interactive methods to enhance their experiences and expand their viewpoints. The assessment of multicultural education entails the quantification of engagement, comprehension, and reactions, thereby emphasizing specific domains that require enhancement. Efforts to tackle negative attitudes focus on promoting inclusive dialogues and cooperative endeavours, while refraining from punitive actions. Engaging parents, cultivating intercultural comprehension, facilitating discourse, and commemorating festivals all contribute to establishing inclusive educational environments where diversity is respected and celebrated. This research emphasizes the crucial significance of a comprehensive approach to multicultural teaching for pre-service ECE teachers. It also highlights the necessity of ongoing evaluation to enable the continuous enhancement of practices in this important educational field.
DIGITALISING HALAL CERTIFICATION: The Dynamic of Regulations and Policies Concerning Halal Certification in Indonesia
Authors: Santoso Lukman , Rachman Abdul
Published: January 2024

The global halal product market is proliferating, fuelling increased demand for quality halal products. To fulfil halal certification requirements, Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in East Java Province, Indonesia face challenges in the certification process which is manual, time-consuming and inefficient. To overcome these problems, this study aims to explore the urgency of digitalising halal certification for optimal impact on improving the quality of halal products for MSMEs in East Java. This research employed a qualitative

method with a literature and conceptual juridical approach. This research used primary and secondary data, namely BPJPH data, the Office of Cooperatives and SMEs of East Java Province. The results of this study indicate that government regulations and policies related to halal certification provide legal certainty for digital transformation in the implementation of halal certification in East Java Province. Although the achievements of MSMEs in East Java Province are low compared to those of other provinces, the digitalisation of halal certification can effectively help the MSMEs in East Java Province to reduce costs, expedite halal certification processing time, and increase compliance with halal requirements so that acceleration and increase in the number of halal certifications for MSMEs can take place properly.

Pasar produk halal global terus berkembang dengan pesat dan mendorong peningkatan permintaan terhadap produk halal yang berkualitas. Untuk memenuhi persyaratan sertifikasi halal, Usaha Mikro, Kecil, dan Menengah (UMKM) di Provinsi Jawa Timur, Indonesia menghadapi tantangan dalam proses sertifikasi yang manual, memakan waktu, dan kurang efisien. Untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut, penelitian ini bertujuan mengeksplorasi urgensi digitalisasi sertifikasi halal sehingga berdampak optimal terhadap peningkatan kualitas produk halal UMKM di Jawa Timur. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan netnografi dan yuridis konseptual. Penelitian ini menggunakan data hasil wawancara dengan pegiat sertifikasi halal dan data dari situs BPJPH, Dinas Koperasi dan UKM Provinsi Jawa Timur. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa regulasi dan kebijakan pemerintah terkait sertifikasi halal memberikan kepastian hukum terhadap transformasi digital dalam pelaksanaan sertifikasi halal di Provinsi Jawa Timur. Walaupun capaian pelaku UMKM di Provinsi Jawa Timur tergolong rendah dibandingkan dengan provinsi lainnya, namun digitalisasi sertifikasi halal efektif dapat membantu UMKM Provinsi Jawa Timur untuk mengurangi biaya, mempercepat waktu sertifikasi halal, dan meningkatkan kepatuhan terhadap persyaratan halal sehingga percepatan dan peningkatan jumlah sertifikasi halal bagi UMKM dapat terlaksana dengan baik.
Study of Thermal Insulation Nature of A2Fe2O6-δ (A and A’ = Ca, Sr)
Authors: Hona Ram Krishna
Published: January 2024

Materials with low thermal conductivity have been used in thermoelectrics, electronics, solar devices, and land base and aerospace gas turbines to prevent heat dissipation and provide safety and longevity of equipment. We report Ca2Fe2O6-δ, and Sr2Fe2O6-δ for their low thermal conductivities. These compounds are vacancy-ordered oxygen-deficient perovskites but with different vacancy arrangements. Ca2Fe2O6-δ has a brownmillerite type structure while Sr2Fe2O6-δ has a different structure.
Adsorptive Removal of Phosphorus using Metal-Loaded Biosorbents from Aquatic Environment
Authors: Inoue Katsutoshi
Published: January 2024

Adsorption gel for metal ions was prepared from orange juice residue in a simple manner by interacting with calcium hydroxide. Heavy metal ions such as lead(II), iron(III) and copper(II) were selectively adsorbed over other metal ions such as zinc(II), cadmium(II) and manganese(II) at low pH. Loading this gel with high valent metal ions such as lanthanum(III), cerium(III) and zirconium(IV) resulted in effective and selective adsorption of phosphate from water containing excess concentrations of other anionic species such as sulfate, carbonate and chloride. Zirconium(IV) was the most effective among the metal ions. Among the phosphorus compounds, phosphate was more strongly adsorbed on zirconium(IV)-loaded gel than phosphite and hypophosphite. The adsorption capacity for phosphate on the zirconium(IV)-loaded gel was the highest among adsorbents that have been reported in literature, including other zirconium(IV)-containing adsorbents. The effectiveness of this gel was verified by applying it to actual wastewater samples containing trace concentrations of phosphorus.
Time Dependent Microstructural and Magnetic Properties of Nanocrystalline Fe67.6Co16.9Nb5B8.5P2 Metallic Alloy
Authors: Kane S N
Published: January 2024

Effect of thermal treatment on structural, magnetic properties of Fe67.6Co16.9Nb5B8.5P2 partly nanocrystalline alloy has been studied via X-ray diffraction and magnetic measurements. XRD results show that after isothermal annealing treatment at 450°C the grain size range between 11.0 to 25.0 nm, and saturates to 24.5 nm. For the studied samples, the obtained lattice parameter shows the presence of pure bcc-Fe phase (without any presence of Co) which precipitates out from amorphous matrix. Coercivity and saturation magnetization values range respectively between 50 to 83 A/m and 1.8 to 1.5 Tesla. Time evolution of magnetic properties very clearly shows the correlation with structural changes.
Improving the Formability of Metals in Microforming
Authors: Zhao Jingwei
Published: January 2024

Microforming is effective to economically and precisely manufacture metallic micro products that have extensive applications in medical devices, precision equipment, communication devices, micro-electromechanical systems and micro fluidics systems. However, the formability of metals in microforming would be greatly impacted due to the unique characteristic of size effects existed in microscale. This paper has introduced the approaches that are applicable to the improvement of formability of metals in microforming, which will be helpful for those who are studying and working on metallic micro products and their microforming technologies.
Formulation and Evaluation of Solid Dispersion and Inclusion Complex of Poorly Aqueous Soluble Diacerein
Authors: Hussain Afzal
Published: January 2024

The present study was focused on a poorly aqueous soluble drug (diacerein); basic structured anthracene molecule possesses defensive activity against osteoarthritis. The problem with the diacerein is its poor bioavailability (35%) which is due to its poor dissolution profile. The present study efforts to improve the dissolution profile using solubility enhancement techniques. The objective of the study was to improve the solubility of poorly soluble drug diacerein by solid dispersion technique and inclusion complex using the most compatible carriers and technique for the formulation. The prepared solid dispersion and inclusion complex were evaluated for physiochemical characteristics and dissolution efficacy. Thesolid dispersion and inclusion complex were formulated using kneading method with PVP K30 (screened to be the best among different carriers) and β-cyclodextrin respectively. The prepared formulations were characterized by FTIR, SEM, DSC and XRPD. The prepared solid dispersion and inclusion complex were then compressed into conventional tablets which were then coated with acid resistant polymer.
Effect of Nitrogen on Carbonitride in High Speed Steel
Authors: Liang Chen
Published: January 2024

The vanadium-nitrogen alloying technology was used to investigate the effect of vanadium-nitrogen alloy on the carbides in high-speed steel after replacing vanadium-iron alloy. The morphology, composition and quantity of carbides in steel were analyzed in detail, and the replacement of some carbon with nitrogen was verified. The theoretical basis and experimental data for the application of vanadium-nitrogen alloys in high-speed steel is provided by this theory in this paper.
Theoretical Methods of Hydrogen Diffusion Calculation in Metals Review
Authors: Bobyr Serhii
Published: January 2024

In the review discuss some theoretical methods of hydrogen diffusion calculation in metals. True values of the energy barrier for hydrogen diffusion can be calculated from first principles. The transition from the theoretical values of the energy barrier to the model values of the activation energy is associated with considering additional influencing factors, primarily physical parameters – zero-point energy, decay of local deformation near the hydrogen atom, temperature-dependent potentials, etc. The presentation of the results is greatly influenced by the parameters of the diffusion models used for calculations - the Arrhenius equation, the Einstein formula of molecular dynamics, the Kerr diffusion equation, the operator expression of quantum statistical mechanics, and diffusion equation of statistical thermodynamics. The statistical model of H diffusion in FCC metals at a high temperature makes it possible to explain the high values of the pre-exponential factor of H diffusion coefficients. The results of many works show that quantum effects play a decisive role in the H diffusion in metals at low temperatures. Further development of quantum- mechanical theories of diffusion will allow for consideration of the influence of these factors.
Association Between Nurses' Personal Pain Sensitivity Towards Knowledge and Attitude of Pain Management
Authors: Siagian Ernawaty , Simbolon Idauli
Published: January 2024

Effective pain management requires the right attitudes, judgments, skills, and knowledge that have an impact on pain treatment outcomes. A careful assessment of each individual’s pain sensitivity is invaluable for the prevention, evaluation, and treatment of pain. This study aimed to determine the relationship of pain sensitivity of professional nurses to pain management knowledge and attitudes. The method used in this research is cross-sectional study with a survey design that provides a quantitative picture of pain sensitivity, knowledge, and attitudes towards pain management in a population, by studying a sample of 160 nurses. Pain Sensitivity Questionnaire (PSQ) and Attitudes of Nurses Regarding Pain. The frequency and percentage of knowledge and attitude regarding pain in category lack (96.87%). Pain sensitivity question score are PSQ Minor score in average value 4.63 and PSQ Moderate score in average score 6.15. There is a significant relationship between attitudes and education with a sig 0.017 (P<0.050. There is a significant relationship between knowledge and attitudes with a sig value of 0.022 (P<0.05), there is no significant relationship between knowledge and pain sensitivity with a sig value 0f 0.689 (p<0.05), there is no significant relationship between attitudes and pain sensitivity with a sig 0.0640 (p<0.05). Efforts to improve knowledge, attitudes, skills and pain sensitivity among healthcare professionals are needed, monitored and evaluated by the hospital administration to improve nurses’ skill in paint management for better patient outcomes
The Relationship Between Religiosity and Self-Compassion in Breast Cancer Patients Post Mastectomy Surgery
Authors: Sandy Nisa Nabila , Hakam Mulia , Murtaqib Murtaqib
Published: January 2024

In Indonesia, the prevalence of breast cancer is quite high, from report data (Riskesdas, 2018) stating that breast cancer reaches 42.1% with an average death rate of around 17%. The type of treatment that is often used by breast cancer patients is a mastectomy. Masectomy raises physical and psychological impact. The current phenomenon is that many women experience some level of psychosocial pressure during their cancer journey, which can have an impact on issues of faith or religiosity, self-compassion, and quality of life (Hewit et al, 2019). The research design conducted by researchers is observational analytic with a cross sectional approach. The population in this study were breast cancer patients after mastectomy surgery at Dr. Soebandi Jember and the sample of this study were 38 respondents. The religiosity analysis in this study found that the religiosity study of patients who experienced breast cancer post-masectomy surgery obtained that the median value of the religiosity variable was 60.00 with the lowest value being 23 and the highest being 64. Meanwhile, the self-compassion analysis found that self-compassion research on patients who experienced breast cancer after mastectomy surgery found that the median value of the self-compassion variable was 94.50 with the lowest value being 65 and the highest being 98. Analysis using Pearson Product moment obtained a p-value of 0.000 less than 0.05 so that the Ha hypothesis is accepted or it can be said that there is a relationship between religiosity and self-compassion in post-massectomy breast cancer patients at Dr. Soebandi Jember.
Treatment of a penetrating inferior vena cava injury using doctor-helicopter emergency medical service and direct-to-operating room resuscitation in Korea: a case report
Authors: Seo Dongmin , Kim Jieun , Kim Jiwon , Heo Inhae , Moon Jonghwan , Jung Kyoungwon , Jung Hohyung
Published: January 2024

Inferior vena cava (IVC) injuries can have fatal outcomes and are associated with high mortality rates. Patients with IVC injuries require multiple procedures, including prehospital care, surgical techniques, and postoperative care. We present the case of a 67-year-old woman who stabbed herself in the abdomen with a knife, resulting in an infrarenal IVC injury. We shortened the transfer time by transporting the patient using a helicopter and decided to perform direct-to-operating room resuscitation by a trauma physician in the helicopter. The patient underwent laparotomy with IVC ligation for damage control during the first operation. The second- and third-look operations, including previous suture removal, IVC reconstruction, and IVC thrombectomy, were performed by a trauma surgeon specializing in cardiovascular diseases. The patient was discharged without major complications on the 19th postoperative day with rivaroxaban as an anticoagulant medication. Computed tomography angiography at the outpatient clinic showed that thrombi in the IVC and both iliac veins had been completely removed. Patients with IVC injuries can be effectively treated using a trauma system that includes fast transportation by helicopter, damage control for rapid hemostasis, and expert treatment of IVC injuries.
Usefulness of presepsin as a prognostic indicator for patients with trauma in the emergency department in Korea: a retrospective study
Authors: Kim Si Woo , Kim Jung-Youn , Yoon Young-Hoon , Park Sung Joon , Shim Bo Sun
Published: January 2024

Purpose: Trauma is an important public health concern, and it is important to increase the survival rate of patients with trauma and enable them to return to society in a better condition. Initial treatment in the emergency department (ED) is closely associated with the prognosis of patients with trauma. However, studies regarding laboratory biomarker tests that can help predict the prognosis of trauma patients are limited. Presepsin is a novel biomarker of inflammation that can predict a poor prognosis in patients with sepsis. This study aimed to determine whether presepsin could be used as a prognostic indicator in patients with polytrauma. Methods: The study included patients with trauma who had visited a single regional ED from November 2021 to January 2023. Patients who had laboratory tests in the ED were included and analyzed retrospectively through chart review. Age, sex, injury mechanism, vital signs, surgery, the outcome of ED treatment (admission, discharge, transfer, or death), and trauma scores were analyzed. Results: Overall, 550 trauma patients were enrolled; 59.1% were men, and the median age was 64 years (interquartile range, 48.8–79.0 years). Patients in a hypotensive state (systolic blood pressure, <90 mmHg; n=39) had higher presepsin levels (1,061.5±2,522.7 pg/mL) than those in a nonhypotensive state (n=511, 545.7±688.4 pg/mL, P<0.001). Patients hospitalized after ED treatment had the highest presepsin levels (660.9 pg/mL), followed by those who died (652.0 pg/mL), were transferred to other hospitals (514.9 pg/mL), and returned home (448.0 pg/mL, P=0.041). Conclusions: Serum presepsin levels were significantly higher in trauma patients in a hypotensive state than in those in a nonhypotensive state. Additionally, serum presepsin levels were the highest in hospitalized patients with trauma, followed by those who died, were transferred to other hospitals, and returned home.
Targeting T regulatory (Treg) cells in immunotherapy-resistant cancers
Authors: Spiliopoulou Pavlina , Kaur Paramjit , Hammett Tracey , Di Conza Giusy , Lahn Michael
Published: January 2024

Primary or secondary (i.e., acquired) resistance is a common occurrence in cancer patients and is often associated with high numbers of T regulatory (Treg) cells (CD4+CD25+FOXP3+). The approval of ipilimumab and the development of similar pharmacological agents targeting cell surface proteins on Treg cells demonstrates that such intervention may overcome resistance in cancer patients. Hence, the clinical development and subsequent approval of Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte Antigen-4 (CTLA-4) targeting agents can serve as a prototype for similar agents. Such new agents aspire to be highly specific and have a reduced toxicity profile while increasing effector T cell function or effector T/T regulatory (Teff/Treg) ratio. While clinical development with large molecules has shown the greatest advancement, small molecule inhibitors that target immunomodulation are increasingly entering early clinical investigation. These new small molecule inhibitors often target specific intracellular signaling pathways [e.g., phosphoinositide-3-kinase delta (PI3K-δ)] that play an important role in regulating the function of Treg cells. This review will summarize the lessons currently applied to develop novel clinical agents that target Treg cells.
IDENTIFICATION OF INCONVENIENCES AT TRANSPORT OPERATORS’ WORKPLACES
Authors: BĘCZKOWSKA Sylwia , GRABAREK Iwona , KOZŁOWSKI Maciej
Published: January 2024

This article presents the results of a pilot survey of 300 transport operators, such as drivers, train drivers, and rescue workers. The surveys were conducted online using a Google form based on the Computer-Assisted Web Interview (CAWI) method. The following research objectives were set: to identify and compare the most relevant factors affecting the health and wellbeing of transport vehicle operators and to identify the key risks associated with their work. The findings were presented using descriptive statistics and correlation and principal component analyses. Descriptive characteristics indicated which quantitative characteristics were associated with exposure and discomfort. On the other hand, the results of correlation analyses showed, among other things, that “level of rest” as a function of “fatigue” showed a decreasing relationship and that “pain in arms, legs, lower back or neck” depended on “work position,” “use of excessive force,” and “work severity.” The results of the principal component analysis confirmed that the data cluster under the form of factors and that there are factors whose information values are insignificant. A similar conclusion applies to the input data (i.e., the answers to the test questions). The analysis showed that only the answers to 15 of 50 questions exceeded the threshold of 2% of the information entered in the test. This could lead to the conclusion that if the test could be repeated in the future, the correct result might be obtained with slightly fewer test questions.
BICYCLE INFRASTRUCTURE: AN ELEMENT OF SUSTAINABLE MOBILITY IN THE WEST POMERANIAN VOIVODESHIP
Authors: DYCZKOWSKA Joanna , OLKIEWICZ Marcin
Published: January 2024

This article presents the results of transportation research conducted in the urban ar-ea of Koszalin, the region, and the West Pomeranian Voivodeship. The study’s pur-pose is to identify bicycle infrastructure’s role in promoting sustainable mobility in the West Pomeranian region. The paper provides an overview of the bicycle infra-structure in the West Pomeranian Voivodeship. The analysis is supplemented by a survey conducted among residents of the West Pomeranian region who use the aforementioned infrastructure. A diagnostic survey using a questionnaire was em-ployed.
OPTICAL-GRAPHIC STUDIES OF HYDROGEN ADDITIVES’ EFFECTS ON DIESEL FUEL ATOMIZATION PARAMETERS
Authors: SHALAPKO Denys
Published: January 2024

This paper considers a promising method of enhancing the effectiveness of diesel engines. This method uses the addition of hydrogen in a small amount (up to 2% by mass). The hydrogen additive is added to the high-pressure fuel line before the injector. Based on the experimental findings, a reduction in the engine’s specific fuel consumption of up to 3% was achieved in comparison to the baseline configuration. A research study was conducted at the Admiral Makarov National University of Shipbuilding using a newly established experimental setup to assess the impact of hydrogen additives on primary fuel delivery, spray characteristics, and overall engine performance. Among the experiments conducted, one investigated fuel atomization parameters, focusing on how the presence of hydrogen in the fuel influenced the fuel jet’s characteristics. A high-speed camera with a high resolution was used to record the optical-graphic study to isolate and extract individual shots of the torch’s expansion, thus obtaining images devoid of ignition and flickering. After conducting image processing and constructing jet models, along with subsequent analysis, it becomes apparent that the addition of hydrogen to the primary fuel results in an enhancement of spray quality. The torch volume expanded by approximately 10% to 15%, while the jet length diminished by approximately 8% to 10%. Consequently, the average diameter of the atomized fuel droplets decreases by up to 10%, with the extent of reduction contingent upon the initial parameters and configurations.
IMPROVING THE EFFICIENCY OF TRANSPORTING LIGHTWEIGHT BULKY CARGO BY MOTOR TRANSPORT
Authors: GOGIASHVILI Phridon , KIRTADZE Shalva , LEKVEISHVILI Gocha , KBILASHVILI David , CHOGOVADZE Jumber , SIRBILADZE Besik
Published: January 2024

The shipping process should be carried out to minimize standing time, as it affects the total vehicle mileage. The efficiency of distributing cargo on routes in modern conditions could be achieved by transporting cargo taken from several manufacturers that have mutually comparable mileages. This paper analyzes common methods of cargo distribution by routes. It was established that the approximate methods that provide near-optimal solutions to problems have become widespread. Therefore, there is no alternative to using accurate methods in the process of studying the routing problem. One such method is the branch-and-bond method. It should also be noted that it does not involve going to the same place multiple times, which takes place in a real transport scheme. Thus, the modification of accurate methods is a promising direction in solving the routing problem in the process of transporting the goods in small consignments. Consequently, this provides an opportunity to effectively use motor transport in the logistic system.
DETERMINATION OF A TORSIONAL VIBRATION VISCOUS DAMPER’S OPERATING TEMPERATURE USING A NEW THERMOHYDRODYNAMIC MODEL
Authors: HOMIK Wojciech , MAZURKOW Aleksander , CHMIELOWIEC Andrzej
Published: January 2024

This article presents an innovative algorithm and mathematical model of a torsional vibration viscous damper. The problem of torsional vibrations damping in a multicylinder internal combustion engine is extremely important for the reliable operation of a drive unit. The effective reduction of the vibration amplitude extends the service life and prevents failures that generate logistic and transport problems. One of the key parameters used to assess the quality of vibration damper operation is the temperature. This criterion is so important that it is the main indicator for the possible replacement of dampers installed in trucks, locomotives, and ships. Despite the importance of this parameter, the literature lacks mathematical models that describe the thermodynamics of damper operation. Therefore, the authors of this paper developed and presented an innovative thermohydrodynamic model of a torsional vibrations viscous damper, which was used to determine the operating parameters.
Incompatible Deformations in Hyperelastic Plates
Authors: Lychev Sergey , Digilov Alexander , Djuzhev Nikolay , Bespalov Vladimir
Published: January 2024

The design of thin-walled structures is commonly based on the solutions of linear boundary-valued problems, formulated within well-developed theories for elastic plates and shells. However, in modern appliances, especially in MEMS design, it is necessary to take into account non-linear mechanical effects that become decisive for flexible elements. Among substantial non-linear effects, that significantly change the deformation properties of thin plates, are the effects of residual stresses caused by incompatibility of deformations, which inevitably arise during the manufacture of ultra-thin elements. The development of new methods of mathematical modeling of residual stresses and incompatible finite deformations in plates is the subject of the paper. To this end the local unloading hypothesis is used. It makes possible to define smooth fields of local deformations (inverse implant field) for the mathematical formalization of incompatibility. The main outcomes are field equations, natural boundary conditions and conservation laws, derived from least action principle and variational symmetries with account of implant field. The derivations were carried out in the framework of elasticity theory for simple materials and, over and above, within the Cosserat’s theory of a two-dimensional continuum. As illustrative examples the distributions of incompatible deformations in a circular plate are considered.
Improve the quality of Industrial Robot Control Using an Iterative Learning Method with Online Optimal Learning and Intelligent Online Learning Function Parameters
Authors: Ha Vo Thu , Thuong Than Thi , Vinh Vo Quang
Published: January 2024

It is unavoidable that the characteristics of the robot system alter inexactly or cannot be correctly determined during movement and are impacted by external disturbances. There are many adaptive control methods, such as sliding control or neural control, to improve the quality of trajectory tracking for robot motion systems. Still, those methods require a large amount of computation related to solving the problem of constrained nonlinear optimization problem. The article presents some techniques for determining an intelligent controller's online learning function parameters, including two circuits: the inner circuit is a state feedback linearized controller, and the outer course is an Interactive learning controller and does not use the robot's mathematical mode with function parameters online optimal learning and intelligent online learning closely following the joint model to stabilize the robot system. Finally, the 2-DOF planar robot simulation is performed on Matlab software R2022b. The findings indicate that outstanding tracking performance is achievable.
Natural Differences between the Dawn and Dusk Choruses of a Neotropical Songbird and Their Relationship to Its Response to Urbanization
Authors: Bustamante Noelia , Garitano-Zavala Álvaro
Published: January 2024

Urbanization in one of the more important phenomena affecting biodiversity in the Anthropocene. Some organisms can cope with urban challenges, and changes in birds’ acoustic communication have been widely studied. Although changes in the timing of the daily organization of acoustic communication have been previously reported, there is a significant gap regarding possible variations in song structure between dawn and dusk choruses. Considering that urbanization potentially imposes different soundscapes for the dawn and dusk choruses, we postulate two hypotheses: i) there are “natural” variations in song parameters between dawn and dusk choruses, and ii) such parameters within the city will vary in response to urban noise. We studied urban and extra-urban populations of Chiguanco Thrush in La Paz, Bolivia, measuring for their dawn and dusk choruses: song length, song sound pressure, minimum, maximum, range and dominant frequency, and the proportion of songs produced. The results support our two hypotheses: in natural and urban conditions dawn songs were louder and with larger bandwidths, and within the city, the frequency of the entire song rises along with increasing amplitude. Understanding structural variations between dawn and dusk choruses could allow for better interpretation of how some bird species cope with urban challenges.
Etiology Model of Kawasaki Disease and Multisystem Inflammatory Syndromes
Authors: Ricke Darrell O. , Smith Nora
Published: January 2024

Vasculitis diseases include Kawasaki Disease (KD), Kawasaki Disease Shock Syndrome (KDSS), Multisystem Inflammatory Syndromes (MIS), Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HS) or IgA Vasculitis, and additional vasculitis diseases. These diseases are often preceded by infections or immunizations. Disease incidence rates are higher in children than adults. These diseases have been extensively studied, but understanding of the disease etiology remains to be established. Many studies have failed to demonstrate an association between these vasculitis diseases and vaccination. Here, the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS) is used to demonstrate that, in certain rare cases, the number of cases of KD, MIS, and HS is higher than background following vaccination. These rare cases are predicted to occur in individuals with genetic risk factors who produce antibody titer levels above primary immune response level. Herein, the model of humoral immune response antibodies bound to antigens (pathogen or vaccine) creating immune complexes is proposed. These immune complexes are proposed to bind Fc receptors on immune cells and platelets resulting in cell activation and release of inflammatory molecules including histamine and serotonin. Immune complexes and inflammatory molecules including serotonin and histamine likely trigger vasculitis. Elevated serotonin and likely histamine drive initial vasoconstrictions disrupting blood flow. Increased blood flow pressure from cardiac capillary vasoconstrictions is predicted to trigger coronary artery aneurysms in some patients. For KDSS and MIS patients, these cardiac capillary vasoconstrictions are predicted to result in ischemia followed by ventricular dysfunction. Ongoing ischemia can result in long-term cardiac damage. Cases associated with pathogens are likely to have persistent infections triggering disease onset.
Obesity-Specific Considerations for Assessing Gait with Inertial Measurement Unit-Based vs Optokinetic Motion Capture
Authors: Rekant Julie , Rothenberger Scott , Chambers April J
Published: January 2024

Adults with obesity experience high rates of disability and rapid functional decline. Identifying movement dysfunction early can direct intervention and disrupt disability development, however subtle changes in movement are difficult to detect with the naked eye. This study evaluated how a portable, inertial measurement unit (IMU)-based motion capture system compares to a laboratory-based optokinetic motion capture (OMC) system for evaluating gait kinematics in adults with obesity. Ten adults with obesity performed overground walking while equipped with the OMC and IMU systems. Fifteen gait cycles for each participant were extracted for 150 total cycles analyzed. Kinematics were compared between OMC and IMU across the gait cycles (coefficient of multiple correlations), at clinically significant time points (interclass correlations), and over clinically relevant ranges (Bland Altman plots). Sagittal plane kinematics were most similar between systems, especially at the knee. Sagittal plane joint angles at clinically meaningful timepoints were poorly associated except for ankle dorsiflexion at heel strike (ρ=0.38) and minimum angle (ρ=0.83). Most motions had more than 5° difference between systems across the range of angles measured. IMU-based motion capture shows promise for detecting subtle gait changes in adults with obesity. However, more work is needed before this method can replace traditional OMC.
Advances of Immunotherapies for Pediatric Brain Tumors
Authors: Li Jian , Zhao Xiaoxiao , Pei Yanxin
Published: January 2024

Pediatric brain tumors are the most common solid tumors in children, causing the highest number of cancer-related deaths at young ages. Although existing therapies have improved the 5-year overall survival rate of PBT patients, some high-risk brain tumors continue to resist current treatments. Additionally, the survivors endure devastating long-term side effects, including cognitive defects and sensory and endocrinal dysfunctions. In the past two decades, immunotherapies have evolved significantly, with great success in many cancers. Immunotherapies developed specifically for PBTs also show promising results. Currently, scores of clinical trials are underway to evaluate the safety and feasibility of a wide-range of immunotherapeutics for PBTs, and this review overviews the most recent advances, including the exciting progress made toward treating medulloblastoma, pediatric glioma, and ependymoma. We summarized the cutting-edge immunotherapies under development, including immune checkpoint blockade, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy, natural killer (NK)-cell therapy, cancer vaccines, and oncolytic virus therapy. We find that the results from the recently concluded or ongoing clinical trials on safety and feasibility are very encouraging; however, non-responsiveness and tumor recurrence still haunt them. While this review judges the scope of the current immunotherapies, it also lays out strategies to find alternate solutions for persisting issues.
Study Progress on Technogenic Magnetic Particles (TMPs) and Their Future Research in Continental Shelf Seas
Authors: Wang Yong-Hong , Liang Meng-Yao , Xiao Chun-Hui
Published: January 2024

With the increase of global human activities, a large number of technogenic magnetic particles (TMPs) generated by industrial activities such as coal combustion, traffic and so on enter sediments on continental shelves. However, there is currently a lack of understanding of the spatiotemporal distribution of TMPs on continental shelves, as well as the sedimentary effects they cause. This review work comprehensively analyzes the source, morphology, composition, and spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of TMPs. Then it elucidates their magnetic contribution to sedimentary environments in continental shelf seas, as well as the influence of heavy metals and active iron. At the same time, the existing problems and future development directions of TMPs on continental shelves are summarized.
Numerical and experimental analysis of the vacuum corn seed degassing system
Authors: Ipate George , Ilie Filip , Fătu Viorel , Voicu Gheorghe
Published: January 2024

In this work, the degassing process of corn seeds was experimentally and numerically analyzed by removing air or other gases from around the seeds, specifically from the seed coating, in a rough vacuum chamber. The two complementary variants are employed to understand and optimize this process to improve the quality and germination rate of the seeds. Several experiments were conducted with well-established durations and masses of corn seeds at different temperatures to observe and record the behavior of the system, facilitating the modeling of the degasification process in the vacuum compartment. Modeling the degasification operation in the vacuum chamber allowed for determining the pressure profiles on the vacuum chamber and its lid. Numerical simulations were either conducted using a simulation program developed in the Visual Basic Applications (VBA) language for Microsoft Excel to model the degassing process in the vacuum chamber, or with the assistance of specialized software (transient structural analysis and simulation program in the ANSYS Workbench environment). Statistical analysis of the correlation between experimental and estimated pressure values revealed that both the proposed mathematical model and the solution method are well-chosen, with differences expressed through the absolute error (EA) being very small. Structural dynamic analysis carried through the Finite Element Method (FEM) highlights that the chosen materials for manufacturing the vacuum chamber vessel (316 stainless steel) or the chamber lid (transparent acrylic plastic) are durable and capable of withstanding the desired pressure and temperature demands in the seed treatment process. Additionally, through structural dynamic analysis, it was possible to study the deformation of system components, providing a detailed perspective on their structural distribution.
Is Asteroid 33 Polyhymnia a Dark Matter (DM) Degenerate Object?
Authors: Kiren OV , Sivaram C , Kenath Arun
Published: January 2024

Polyhymnia (33 Polyhymnia) is a main belt asteroid in our solar system with a diameter of around 54km. The density of asteroid 33 Polyhymnia, located in the main asteroid belt, is calculated to be 75g/cc. Researchers have speculated the possibility that Polyhymnia could be composed of high-density superheavy elements near atomic number 164. Here we propose that Polyhymnia could be an asteroid composed of degenerate Dark Matter (DM) and there could be many such asteroids in our solar system (this is following our earlier work suggesting Planet Nine could be such an object).
Investigating Postconsumer Clothing Wastes for Sustainable Waste Management: A Circular Economy Approach
Authors: Aysheshim Samuel , Hailemariam Shalemu Sharew
Published: January 2024

Clothing consumers mostly purchase, use, and dispose of clothing products in a linear business model. This approach pollutes the environment and causes economic and social crises in the ecosystems. This study evaluates the amount of generated postconsumer clothing waste (PCCW) and proposes recycling as a sustainable waste management approach. Data were collected to understand disposal behavior of consumers with 474 respondents selected from households in Bahir Dar city. The findings show that all the determinant factors on the PCCW generation level except religion were significant. The most frequently disposed type of clothing waste is jeans-trouser (51%). The CEBM was used to develop alternative products from a jeans-based clothing waste. The jean's fiber and fabric-reinforced composite materials were developed using unsaturated polyester resin as a sustainable way of PCCW management strategy. The shredded form fiber-reinforced composite was found to have a smoother surface than that of the chopped or cut fabric-reinforced composite. The product was characterized by physical and mechanical properties. The study can be further extended to the scope of the entire consumers in Ethiopia and alternative recyclable products can be studied.