bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Penalty for non-payment of alimony under the agreement of parents on child support
Authors: Mykhalniuk O. V.
Published: June 2023

The article examines new approaches to the application of liability in case of non-payment of child support under the agreement of parents on the maintenance of their joint minor children. The legal nature and peculiarities of the child support agreement in the family law of Ukraine are investigated. Considerable attention is paid to the issues of determining the conditions of liability for non-payment of alimony, the form and amount of maintenance, performance and termination of the agreement, and recovery of penalties in case of arrears.

Based on the analysis of the provisions of the current family law of Ukraine, the author concludes that in accordance with the amendments to Part 1 of Article 196 of the Family Code of Ukraine, a penalty may be recovered if maintenance is provided on the basis of an alimony agreement and it does not expressly provide for liability for late performance of the obligations imposed on the parties, i.e. provision of maintenance. Thus, in accordance with part 1 of Article 196 of the Family Code of Ukraine, a penalty for non-payment of alimony may be collected both in the case of a court decision and in the case of an alimony agreement, even if the agreement does not contain any penalty provisions.

As regards the grounds for liability, the article proves that in case of breach of the alimony agreement, the provisions of the Civil Code of Ukraine governing civil law contracts with due regard for the specifics of family law regulation apply.

The author examines two components for the application of this liability:

 - The debt arose from the payment of child support established by a court decision or by agreement between the parents (a notarised child support agreement under Part 1 of Article 189 of the Family Code of Ukraine);

 - The existence of guilty actions of the person obliged to pay alimony by court decision or by agreement between the parents, which led to the debt.

In other words, if the debt arose due to circumstances beyond the control of the latter (illness, accountant's error, actual inability to make payments for other valid reasons), no penalty can be charged. At the same time, the form of the payer's fault (intent or negligence) does not matter to the court.
The latency of domestic violence
Authors: Myshasta K. , Tolkach A.N.
Published: June 2023

The article analyzes the problem of latency of domestic violence. Violence in the family is one of the most acute problems of our time, which has deep root and latent character, has no age, social and state boundaries. The concepts of «latency» and «domestic violence» are considered and analyzed, and the scientific views of researchers regarding these concepts are presented. The types and features of violence that can manifest in the family, namely physical, mental, sexual and economic, are revealed.The reasons that contribute to the silence of domestic violence have been identified and revealed. These reasons include internal and external factors. In their work, the authors also analyze the statistics of domestic violence in recent years. The legal basis of the researched issue is analyzed. It was determined that domestic violence is sanctioned in accordance with the Criminal Code of Ukraine. Directions for the prevention of the latency of domestic crime are proposed. The article concludes that the problem of family violence does not lose its relevance and is recognized as one of the most acute social problemsof Ukrainian society.It is indicated that a successful theoretical and practical solution to such important criminological problems as identifying the causes and conditions of crime, as well as effective counteraction to it, is possible if there is an objective consideration of allcrimes committed in society. Domestic violence is recognized as one of the most acute social problems of Ukrainian society, and therefore does not lose its relevance today and Latent crime in the field of domestic violencе is a set of criminal acts that took place in a certain family, but were not recorded by law enforcement agencies and were not reflected in official statistical data. To date, the increase in the number of complaints about domestic violence is not a worsening of the situation in the region or inUkraine, but is primarily a decrease in its latency, due to a change in people’s attitude to this problem and its greater disclosure.
Aspects of ensuring the rights of shareholders in the process of activities of joint-stock companies
Authors: Bortsevych P.S.
Published: June 2023

The article is devoted to the study of certain aspects of ensuring the rights of shareholders in the process of conducting contractual work by a joint-stock company. The article emphasizes that a joint-stock company can enter into various contracts to ensure the conduct of its business activities. Depending on the subject and price of the contract, as well as taking into account the conditions of concluding the contract, the legislator separately defines contracts that can be qualified as significant contracts and contracts with interest. The conclusion of the specified contracts by a joint-stock company, taking into account the essence of the concept of corporate rights, can directly affect the conditions for shareholders to exercise the right to receive dividends and/or part of the company's property in proportion to their share in the authorized capital during the liquidation of the joint-stock company. Therefore, it is an important issue to ensure the rights of shareholders in the process of concluding significant contracts and contracts with interests by joint-stock companies. The article analyzes the current legislation of Ukraine on the issue of contracts by joint-stock companies. It is noted that the norms of the new Law of Ukraine "On Joint Stock Companies", which entered into force on January 1, 2023, provide for a slightly new approach to the essence of the concepts of a significant contract and a contract with an interest and the procedure for their conclusion.

The article emphasizes that depending on such essential conditions as the subject of the contract and its price, some of the contracts should be classified as significant. As for the contract with an interest, the determining factor for such qualification is the person of the counterparty of such a company, which can be, for example, an official of the joint-stock company itself or another person who is related to an official of the company. Therefore, the provisions of the current legislation of Ukraine define the procedure for agreeing to conclude such contracts in order to prevent negative consequences that may occur when the joint-stock company fulfills its obligations under the specified contracts.

The conclusions emphasize the need for further improvement of the mechanism of application of the current legislation of Ukraine in practice to ensure reliable security of the joint-stock company and protection of shareholders' rights.
Accounting procedure for operations with cryptocurrency as a variety of virtual assets
Authors: Mogyl L.S.
Published: June 2023

The article examines the procedure for accounting transactions with cryptocurrency as a special type of asset. Circulation of cryptocurrency in Ukraine currently does not have proper legislative regulation, and the Law of Ukraine "On Virtual Assets" adopted in 2022 has not yet entered into force. There is no proper legal provision for accounting and taxation of transactions with cryptocurrency carried out by business entities taking into account the advantages of using a decentralized means of circulation. Solving the issue of proper accounting of cryptocurrency and operations with it will contribute to the unshadowing the economy and the receipt of taxes to the state budget.

It has been established that cryptocurrency can exhibit characteristics of goods, cash and their equivalents, financial instruments, investment real estate, intangible assets, shares, etc. With this in mind, the article analyzes permissible options for classifying cryptocurrency and operations with it to specific classes of accounting accounts based on international and national accounting regulations (standards).

The European practice of accounting for operations with cryptoassets is analyzed, which is based on two options for accounting for cryptocurrencies: as an intangible asset or as stocks. It was concluded that in the absence of a single methodical approach to the issues of proper accounting of cryptocurrency and operations with it, it is necessary to use international accounting standards and recommendations for accounting of cryptocurrency developed on their basis as an intangible assets (if it is held for sale in the everyday economic activity) or stocks (if held for the purpose of obtaining an investment profit from resale). The purpose of its use by the business entity should be the basis for selecting the recommended accounting options for cryptocurrency as a virtual asset.
Peculiarities of determining the burden of proof in economic litigation
Authors: Nikolenko L.M.
Published: June 2023

The article examines the issue of determining the specifics of the burden of proof in economic litigation based on the analysis of legislation and judicial practice, including that of Great Britain, the United States, and the European Court of Human Rights.

An analysis of the concepts "duty of proof" and "burden of proof" was carried out, it was determined that the duty of proof means a measure of proper behavior, the violation of which may lead to the application of a measure of responsibility. At the same time, non-fulfillment of the burden of proof cannot be the basis for applying any sanctions, but leads to negative consequences in the form of recognition of a certain circumstance as unproven and the participant in the case receiving a negative court decision.

It has been proven that in the conditions of the approximation of Ukrainian legislation to European and unification of terminology, it is more successful to use the concept of "burden of proof" in Ukrainian legislation.

It is noted that an important element of the competitiveness of the process is the standards of proof - special rules that the court should be guided by when deciding the case. These rules make it possible to assess how well the parties fulfilled the requirements regarding the burden of proof and how well they were able to convince the court of their position, which makes the evaluation of the evidence reasonable.

The essence and features of the standard of proof are defined, taking into account the principle of the probability of evidence. The features and types of the standard of proof, the burden of proof in the countries of the Anglo-American legal system are characterized.

The process of proof is analyzed and the concept of "disclosure of evidence" is distinguished, which means the duty of each person participating in the case to disclose the evidence, which he refers to as the basis of his claims and objections, to other persons - participants in the case, before the beginning court session
A comprehensive approach to ensuring traffic safety by the police: modern European experience
Authors: Veselov M.Yu. , Tsurkan O.P. , Volkova D.M.
Published: June 2023

The article is devoted to the problems of reducing the level of traffic injuries and ensuring road safety. The level of road traffic injuries on the roads of Ukraine indicates the need to improve the activities of the police and the state as a whole in this area, to make efforts in search of new strategies to increase the level of road safety and to implement effective and relevant technologies and measures, even in wartime conditions. The purpose of this article is to highlight and analyze modern European experience in ensuring traffic safety by the police. The article provides individual examples of modern approaches and measures to ensure road safety in the countries of the European Union (Germany, Poland, Sweden). As European experience shows, ensuring road traffic safety is not only measures of a regulatory and legal nature. The conditions for the effective influence of the police authorities on the state of safety in the field of road traffic are comprehensiveness in the combination of the mentioned measures with other modern informational and educational companies and the introduction of various modern technological innovations. It has been established that the achievement of significant progress in solving accident problems and increasing the effectiveness of police work in the specified area is due to a complex combination of a positivist (normative) approach with a multi-vector variety of social, organizational, technical measures and innovative methods of influencing the lawful behavior of various categories of road users . The study proves that the level of road deaths is lower not only in countries with stricter sanctioning systems, but also with more qualified police personnel and effective interaction between the police and other stakeholders in road safety. Taking into account the European experience of the police, promising directions for comprehensive solutions to road safety problems in our country have been outlined.
The spread of legal responsibility for offenses on the Internet in the conditions of martial law in Ukraine
Authors: Zahrebelna N.A.
Published: June 2023

The article examines the current state and development trends in the issue of the spread of legal responsibility for offenses on the Internet. It is relevant because our country lives in the conditions of a full-scale invasion of invaders and is constantly in conditions not only of military protection, but also in the field of protection in the information space. Continuous development and digitization of all areas of life require a clear system of protection of society and the individual, in particular, prevention and establishment of responsibility for the commission of relevant illegal acts.

The article identifies the main shortcomings and suggests ways to solve problems in the issue of responsibility and violation of laws on the Internet. An analysis of the statistics of such crimes was carried out and conclusions were drawn that will help prevent them. The current state of social development is inextricably linked with trends in various spheres of human activity. Society becomes completely dependent on the information component. Today, without computer and network technologies, it is difficult to imagine the simplest tasks we face. Digitalization has not bypassed legal science either. Over the past 20 years, new legal norms regulating legal relations in the field of information technologies have appeared. Criminal and administrative laws have expanded the number of illegal acts on the Internet.

At the same time, such trends reveal loopholes through which cybercriminals become unpunished even when their actions are openly illegal. Special units and structures are being created in many countries to combat cyber fraudsters. The impetus for the creation and improvement of the cybercrime countermeasure system was the signing of the "Cybercrime Convention" in 2001, which disclosed and explained the basic legal principles of such crimes and established the framework of legal responsibility for their violation. In Ukraine, the provisions of the Convention were ratified in 2005.
Problems of criminal liability for non-compliance with a court decision depriving a person of the right to drive vehicles for committing an administrative offense
Authors: Burdin V.M.
Published: June 2023

The article substantiates the conclusion that neither the system of punishments nor the content of their types is a permanent phenomenon. With the development of society, with the change in the legal status of a person in a specific state, the system of punishments and their filling with specific legal restrictions is also changing. Such changes are influenced by many factors that form the state’s criminal law policy at a certain stage. Just a few dozen years ago, the “worst punishment” for children for their faults was a parental prohibition to go for a walk with their friends. On the contrary, for most of today’s teenagers, the “worst punishment” is the prohibition to use various kinds of electronic gadgets that provide the opportunity to join various virtual social networks, play computer games, etc. In many cases, virtual reality is more important than real life and physical communication with peers. Herewith, the psychological suffering experienced by teenagers from such restrictions is so strong that it sometimes leads to suicidal cases. In this regard, such punishment as deprivation of the right to occupy certain positions or engage in certain activities, as well as a corresponding administrative penalty, acquires special importance.In fact, nowadays it is possible to ensure the social isolation of a person without applying punishment in the form of imprisonment for a certain term. This is because of the fact that a significant amount of people spend their lives in various kinds of gadgets, at work or do not imagine their rest without computer games, favorite activities, communication with a certain company, etc. Therefore, if the restrictions aimed at depriving of such opportunities are applied, a person will inevitably feel social isolation, which will lead to significant changes in his or her everyday life. In this regard, an effective means of influence may be punishments aimed at depriving people of the opportunity to participate in certain spheres of social life. At the same time, the application of both criminal punishment and administrative penalty in the form of deprivation of certain rights is associated with certain problems during the actual execution and serving of such punishment or penalty. On the example of a specific criminal proceeding, the article analyzes the problem of liability for evasion of serving an administrative penalty in the form of deprivation of the right to drive vehicles. It is substantiated that the driving of a vehicle by a person deprived of the right to drive vehicles by a court decision as a result of the application of the corresponding administrative penalty should entail criminal liability for non-compliance with the court decision in accordance with Article 382 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine.
Forensic typology of criminal offenses in cyberspace
Authors: Dumchykov M.O.
Published: June 2023

Today, crime in the cyberspace has been declared a global international problem, as evidenced by international agreements that provide for joint steps to combat this high-tech and technical phenomenon, as well as the actual use of cyberespionage and cyberterrorism methods by various countries. At the same time, the danger from criminal offenses committed in cyberspace is also recognized by law enforcement agencies of various countries of the world. Currently, crime in cyberspace is one of the main threats to the national security and defense of Ukraine. The past year became a certain catalyst for the development of new tactical-oriented methods of combating criminal offenses in cyberspace, both within the framework of public relations in the fieldof national security and in other areas, in particular, the safe functioning of digital devices.Carrying out the correct typology of criminal offenses committed in cyberspace is of great importance in the correct investigation of this type of criminal offences, and the development of the correct methodology for collecting the evidence base.In our scientific work, we investigated several grounds for the typology of criminal offenses in cyberspace, in particular: 1) Convention «On Cybercrime»; 2) forensic significance of elements of information and telecommunication technologies; 3) by the methods of committing this type of socially dangerous acts; 4) qualifications of subjects who commit criminal offenses in cyberspace; 5) according to the objects of criminal encroachment.It is emphasized that the study of criminal offenses committed in cyberspace in terms of their criminological understanding should have a complex nature and should be considered from different angles.It has been established that in the course of typological research of socially dangerous acts committed in cyberspace, one cannot be limited to the distribution of criminalistic typology on only one basis, the essence of the matter obliges to build typological systems based on all possible real signs.
Features of the state regulation of the criminal and executive system
Authors: Kolomiyets N. , Berdnik S.
Published: June 2023

The article is devoted to the study of the peculiarities of the state regulation of the criminal enforcement system. It was determined that there is inconsistency in the approaches of scientists to the interpretation of the general definition of state regulation and in general the absence of sufficiently developed scientific approaches to the study of issues of state regulation of the criminal-executive system. Scientific literary sources related to the concept of “state regulation”, which is highlighted by scientists through various methods and forms, as well as scientific works devoted to the issues of criminal and executive policy, are reviewed. It has been established that the economic and geographical factors, the state of the economy, the standard of living of the population, form a rather complex system, which significantly affects the process of adopting or changing criminal law. It was determined that the criminal-executive policy implemented by the state through a set of regulatory and legal means is a derivative of the criminal-legal policy; the institution of the legal status of convicts serving a sentence of imprisonment is a set of norms of criminal law, which reveal the specifics of the subject of the application of punishment and the subject of life support in places of deprivation of liberty. On the basis of the research, it was established that the state regulation of the activity of the criminalexecutive system is a component of the criminalexecutive policy of the state, conditioned by the main directions of law-making and law-enforcement activities of authorized state bodies in the sphere of implementation of criminal punishment. The authors come to a conclusion regarding the possibility of separating into a separate sub-branch - penitentiary law, a set of norms regulating the procedure for serving criminal punishments associated with isolation from society.
Features of conducting investigative actions under the conditions of the martial state
Authors: Chernychenko I.V. , Matsola A.A.
Published: June 2023

The article highlights the peculiarities of conducting investigative actions in the conditions of martial state in Ukraine. The changes to the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine were analyzed, namely: the possibility of making a decision to start a pre-trial investigation by the inquirer, investigator, prosecutor, if there is no technical possibility to access the Unified register of pre-trial investigations; execution of the powers of the investigating judge by the head of the relevant prosecutor’s office; the right to entrust the pre-trial investigation of any criminal offense to another pre-trial investigation body; the possibility of conducting investigative actions at night (from 10 p.m. to 6 a.m.); conducting a search or inspection of a person’s home or other possessions without the involvement of disinterested persons, in cases where their involvement is objectively impossible or is associated with a potential danger to their life or health; the possibility of remote participation of the defender in the investigation action.The authors draw attention to the fact that the rules for the use of testimony obtained under martial state have changed. Court decisions can be justified by testimony given to the investigator, prosecutor, even if the court did not directly perceive such testimony during the trial. The right of the inquirer, investigator, prosecutor to translate explanations, statements or documents, if he speaks one of the languages spoken by the suspect, the victim and in the presence of circumstances that make it impossible for the translator to participate in criminal proceedings, has been criticized. The issue of recording the progress and results of investigative actions by available technical means and the need to save copies of the protocols of investigative actions in electronic form is revealed.It has been established that, based on the analysis of the norms of criminal procedural legislation, the peculiarities of conducting and recording the course and results of investigative (search) actions in the conditions of martial law have been identified. The analyzed innovations are aimed at ensuring the effective functioning and activity of bodies that carry out pre-trial investigation and inquiry. At the same time, it is necessary to comply with all the requirements of the criminal procedural form, guarantees of the rights of participants in investigative (search) actions, take into account the potential danger to their life or health and the difficult conditions in which Ukraine is today, the conditions of the legal regime of martial law.
Combating the professional deformation of prosecutors: a comprehensive approach
Authors: Yermolenko D.O.
Published: June 2023

In accordance with Article 1 of the Law of Ukraine “On the Prosecutor’s Office” (from October 14, 2014, No. 1697-VII), the Prosecutor’s Office of Ukraine constitutes a single system that, in accordance with the procedure provided for by this Law, performs the functions established by the Constitution of Ukraine for the purpose of protecting human rights and freedoms , general interests of society and the state.The reform of the prosecutor’s office, which is ongoing in Ukraine, has had a comprehensive effect on the external and internal processes of the functioning of the relevant system. The Strategy for the Development of the Prosecutor’s Office for 2021- 2023 (Order of the Prosecutor General dated October 16, 2020 No. 489) states that the prerequisites for implementing the principles of efficiency, professionalism, independence and responsibility in the activities of the Prosecutor’s Office are currently being created; measures are taken to assess the compliance of prosecutors with the criteria of professional competence, integrity and professional ethics, as well as to provide an opportunity for all honest candidates who have the appropriate theoretical knowledge and practical skills to take up the position of prosecutor in any prosecutor’s office on a competitive basis; guarantees of professional development of prosecutor’s office employees are strengthened.At the same time, today in Ukraine, as in many other countries, the prosecutor’s system faces many problems, one of which is the professional deformation of prosecutors. This phenomenon can lead to negative consequences, such as violations of the law, corruption, abuse of power, and others. In this regard, the issue of prevention and elimination of the consequences of professional deformation of prosecutors becomes especially urgent. In order to solve this problem, it is necessary to carry out comprehensive measures to improve professional skill, ethics and discipline among prosecutors, as well as to ensure their independence from external influence.The article analyzes the causes of professional deformation among prosecutors in Ukraine and suggests ways to prevent and eliminate it. In particular, the author’s vision of a comprehensive approach to combating the professional deformation of prosecutors was formulated, covering the following aspects: organizational, psychological, professional, ethical, social and international.The results of the study can be useful for state authorities and society as a whole in the context of strengthening the rule of law and fighting corruption.
Overseas Ukrainians and refugees: correlation of constitutional and legal status
Authors: Bysaga Y.M. , Byelov D.M. , Nechiporuk K.O.
Published: June 2023

It is indicated that in the context of the development of Ukraine as a legal state, the modern development of human rights in Ukraine, the evolution of civil society, the development of the legal status of refugees and Ukrainians abroad, migration processes, the study of the issue of the concept of the constitutional and legal status of Ukrainians abroad is of important practical and theoretical importance.The authors claim that the legal status of refugees is broader than the legal status of ordinary foreigners and stateless persons living on the territory of the state, because refugees enjoy additional rights that other categories of foreigners and stateless persons do not have.It is indicated that the establishment of the foundations of the legal status of refugees by the Constitution of Ukraine also marked the beginning of the process of creating a new type of legal culture of our state and its citizens. At the same time, it is the principles of the legal status of a refugee, being formed outside of the very institution of the constitutional status of refugees, that bring to it the content that causes the need for truly historic changes in our society. Therefore, the growth of scientific interest of constitutionalists in questions of the sources, nature and legal value of the main principles of the constitutional status of refugees is quite natural.It is noted that, without denying either the epistemological or practical value of the approach to understanding and identifying the main principles of the constitutional status of refugees, one cannot fail to notice its one-sidedness, which is a perspective of research in the works of constitutionalist scientists.In addition, it is concluded that modern trends in the development of Ukraine as an independent, democratic and legal state, the need to preserve the unity of the Ukrainian community in the conditions of globalization and modern migration processes, determined the formation and development of the constitutional and legal status of Ukrainians abroad. Ensuring the proper constitutional and legal status of Ukrainians abroad is important for the evolution of the human rights system in Ukraine. The further development of the constitutional and legal status of Ukrainians abroad is promising. Guarantees of the rights of Ukrainians abroad can be divided into economic, political, social, ideological and legal. And the legal (juridical) guarantees of the rights of Ukrainians abroad can be conditionally divided into regulatory and legal guarantees and organizational and legal guarantees.It is noted that the use of positive foreign experience in regulating the constitutional and legal status of Ukrainians abroad under the legislation of their countries of residence can be partially used to improve the constitutional and legal status of Ukrainians abroad under the legislation of Ukraine.
Collision aspects of the implementation of the right to marriage in private international law
Authors: Baranovska T.S. , Charchenko E.V. , Kondratenko D.Y.
Published: June 2023

Regulation of relations of matrimony and family in international private law is one of the most difficult and intensively analyzed spheres in Ukrainian legal science. It is also important to pay attention to processes of unification and harmonization of this relations, that is happening now in Europe. It is essential to analyze and compare legislation of foreign countries in context of future implementation of some rules and institutes into national legislation. Any state is a warrant of the most of social rights, so it has an obligation to provide in legislative level mechanisms of protection of right of matrimony and family sphere. It is also more actual in context of increase of number of collisions of national and foreign rules that makes collision problems. Collision rules do not regulate relations of matrimony and family, they help to find connections with national law, that arise because of foreign element, so every state has its own national legislation, that regulates matrimony and family relations and in process of this regulation problems of collision happen. Compliance of requirements of legislation is always necessary for legal force of marriage, including marriage with foreign element. Collision rules of family law are quite a difficult institute of international private law, there are some rules of national law, that regulate this sphere, but there are also some collisions in matrimony relations, including realization of right for marriage. There are globalization and integration processes now, but there are some problems because of collisions, so states create conditions for regulation of relations of matrimony and family and understand necessity of approximation of national rules to international mechanisms, practice and processes of protection of rights and interests of participants of relations of matrimony and family.
International legal nature of multilateral development banks
Authors: Kovaliv M.V. , Yesimov S.S. , Nazar T.Ya.
Published: June 2023

The article examines the theoretical foundations of the international legal nature of multilateral development banks. The methodological basis of the study was a complex systematic analysis of legal phenomena, as well as private scientific methods of knowledge: formal-legal, historicallegal, and comparative-legal. It indicated that multilateral development banks are international organizations that meet all the characteristics of subjects of international law – they have their own will, competence, and responsibility. Multilateral development banks are international organizations of a special type that combine public and private foundations in terms of competence. It noted that multilateral development banks create conditions for cooperation between states in matters of financing the economy. Development banks created as international organizations based on multilateral agreements for joint management of international settlements in the field of financial cooperation. Multilateral development banks as subjects of international law are capable of responding quickly to changes in the world economy. The purpose, tasks, functional features of multilateral development banks constantly being transformed, which corresponds to modern trends in the development of international legal and economic relations. It indicated that multilateral development banks, as international intergovernmental organizations, have their own legal personality and do not fall under the jurisdiction of the national states on whose territory the headquarters are located. Development banks have international immunities and privileges that are functional in nature. A feature of the legal status of multilateral development banks, as subjects of international public law, is the combination of public and private functions due to the private law and public-law nature of their activities. This manifested in the fact that the financial operations of international multilateral development banks are similar to market financial operations, but credit agreements are international contracts concluded with states. A special aspect of the legal activity of development banks is the influence on social and economic reforms in member states by financing development programs.
Court and legal proceedings through the prism of the theory of mentality
Authors: Vovk V.
Published: June 2023

The Article is devoted to the study of the deterministic influence of the mental guidelines of the community and the realities of everyday life on the forms and historical modifications of the court and legal proceedings. Attention is focused on the need for a comprehensive and interdisciplinary study of specific forms of legal proceedings, since each of them is an objectification of the mental foundations of the community. It is shown that the consideration of legal phenomena and processes from the standpoint of the theory of mentality within the limits of domestic jurisprudence is not widespread, although this issue was relevant for the social sciences in the second half of the 20th century. The theory of mentality in the context of legal research can be considered as one of the methodological techniques of socio-cultural anthropology of law (closely related to the theory of everyday life). Achieving this goal became possible as a result of using modern, post-non-classical methodology, the tools of which allow to comprehensively explore legal phenomena and processes and focus on their deep foundations, which for a long time were considered not belonging to the objects of scientific study (everyday life, mental guidelines, stereotypes, signsymbolic sphere). It is demonstrated that a separate culture (in our case, European) is characterized by its inherent deep mental foundations, which are objectified in all spheres of social life, including legal ones. The modern court as a state institution and legal proceedings as a process of administering justice within the European cultural area are largely shaped by mental guidelines that combine a number of ancient ideas about the structure of the social world (proportionality and balance), Christian beliefs (equality), basic liberal values (freedom, justice). It has been proved that any modernization and reform processes in the field of court and legal proceedings will be effective only if they correspond to the mental guidelines of the community.
Rusya-Ukrayna Savaşı Gölgesinde Dünyadaki Gıda Fiyatlarının Belirleyicileri: Fourier Bootstrap Ardl ve Fourier Bootstrap Toda-Yamamoto Yaklaşımlarından Kanıtlar
Authors: ÖZÇELİK Oğuzhan
Published: June 2023

Amaç: 24 Şubat 2022’de Rusya’nın Ukrayna’yı işgale başlaması, Dünya kamuoyunda gıda tedariki sorunlarını da beraberinde getirmiştir. Bu çalışma son dönemde dünya gıda fiyatlarında yaşanan değişim ve enflasyonist artışların nedenlerini ortaya koymak için kaleme alınmıştır.
Tasarım/metodoloji/yaklaşım: Bu araştırmanın ana materyali; dünya geneli için 1990:01-2022:M04 dönemine ait gıda fiyatları endeksleri, Brent Petrol Varil Fiyatları, gıda arz miktarları ile Gübre Fiyatları verileri ile oluşturulmuştur. Ampirik analizler Enders ve Lee (2012) Fourier ADF birim kök testi, Solarin (2019) Fourier Bootstrap ARDL yöntemi ve Nazlıoğlu vd. (2016) Fourier Bootstrap Toda-Yamamoto nedensellik testi kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir.
Bulgular: Yapılan analizlerde; dünya petrol fiyatlarındaki %1’lik artışın tahıl fiyatlarını %0.5, et fiyatlarını %0.61, yağ fiyatlarını %0.11 ve şeker fiyatlarını %0.59 artırdığı belirlenmiştir. Dünya genelinde arz edilen ürün miktarı %1 arttığında tahıl fiyatları %0.05, süt ürünlerinin fiyatı %0.13, yağ fiyatları %0.01 ve şeker fiyatları %0.48 azalmaktadır. Gübre fiyatlarındaki %1’lik artış tahıl ürünleri fiyatını %2.25, yağ fiyatlarını %0.44 ve şeker fiyatlarını %2.40 oranında artırmıştır. Ayrıca petrol fiyatlarından süt ürünleri ve et fiyatlarına doğru, arzdan yağ ve şeker fiyatlarına doğru, gübre fiyatlarından tahıl, et ve yağ fiyatlarına doğru nedensellik ilişkileri olduğu gösterilmiştir.
Özgünlük/değer: Dünya gıda enflasyonun azaltılmasında dikkat edilmesi gereken hususların kanıta dayalı olarak ortaya konulması nedeniyle politika yapıcıları için yararlı olması beklenmektedir.
THE REPATRIATION OF GILGAMESH DREAM TABLET: REBUILDING THE IRAQI RELIGIOUS LEGACY
Authors: Hasan Khalid Dabis  , Haady Abdilnibi Altememy  , Mohamed Hameed  , Hawraa Neima Kamal  , Ali Dawod Ali  , Saleem Al-Zerjawi  , Hasan Mohammed Ali  , Ali Mawlood Fadhil
Published: June 2023

The Epic of Gilgamesh, a 3600-year 12-tablet collection, was looted from an Iraqi museum during the 1991 Gulf War, and fraudulently imported into the United States. In September, 2021, UNESCO facilitated its repatriation to Iraq, which is seen as an occasion to consolidate Iraq’s efforts to rebuild its legacy, since the Epic of Gilgamesh is of immense cultural, historical and religious value for Iraq The current study examines the Epic of Gilgamesh in the light of the ancient Sumerian and Akkadian traditions. This collection of tablets carries a great legacy of the contemporary Babylonian and Mesopotamian beliefs and socio-religious values, also evident in the use of cuneiform and clay tablets, being ancient forms of writings. The study made use of content analysis and historical and analytical approaches to retrieve data through a documentation research design. The study found that the Epic of Gilgamesh is not only a work of religious literature, but a treatise on civilization. On one hand it narrates the stories engrained in the Mesopotamian mythology, such as those of Ninsun, Shamash and Utnapishtim; on the other hand, owing to its content, literary style and tone, characterization and symbolism, this study would be a great contribution to relive the story of Gilgamesh from current literary, and socio-religious perspective and provide a comprehensive account of the legacy and inheritance that it brings in for the modern generation.
RELIGIOUS PLURALITY AND THE URGENCY OF INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION IN INDONESIA
Authors: Thahir Muhammad
Published: June 2023

This article elucidates the crucial significance of cross-cultural communication in the context of religious diversity. Religious diversity is an established reality that can be attributed to the genesis of each religious tradition in a multicultural milieu. Inadequate handling of the diverse array of global religions may give rise to potential issues of instability and disharmony among heterogeneous religious communities. This article examines plausible behavioral trends that may be employed to foster amity and collective unity among religious groups that possess inherent diversity. The present article utilizes Luc Reychler's indicator formula as a novel methodology for addressing issues. As mentioned earlier, the indicators encompass a diverse range of components deemed essential for promoting peaceful outcomes. The variables mentioned above include but are not limited to, efficient communication methods, a robust conflict resolution mechanism, a conducive environment for integration (also known as bridging social capital), a sufficient number of leaders who prioritize peace, and unbiased frameworks.
The perspective of developing new forms a Russian pensioner’s employment
Authors: Markeeva A. V.
Published: June 2023

The article focuses on the directions and current barriers for including Russian pensioners in new forms of employment. Radical transformations of labour in the post-industrial economy with the accompanying process of “new demographic transition” require modernization of existing approaches and programmes to organize work activities in elderly age groups. In order to effectively address these challenges, it is necessary to solve a series of conceptual issues in defining new forms of employment, that make it difficult to measure the scale of their spread, to develop assistance programmes that lead to bias regulation of emerging new models of employment. The dominant organizational, technological and legal approaches should be integrated with sociological diagnostics and examination of the transformation processes.

Based on the results of sociological survey of Russian pensioners (2022), current statistical data and results of research centers (VCIOM, FOM, SuperJob, HeadHunter) the attitude and availability of Russian pensioners to remote work and self-employment are revealed. The article substantiates the need for a differentiated approach to the development of programmes to support new forms of employment for the elderly people (public and company employment programmes) based on the systemic analysis of pensioners’ and pre-retirees’ perception of changes in their social and employment status, taking into account a variety of individual characteristics (age, gender, etc.), local socio-economic conditions (place of residence) and life situations. Based on the analysis of remote employment and self-employment, it is justified that the development of new forms will allow pensioners to form more diverse life and work trajectories that meet their interests.
Results of work of scientific student society of the sociological faculty of MSU from 2020 to 2022. On the way to the decade of science and technology in the Russian Federation
Authors: Baranov N. V. , Ryabokoneva E. V. , Vasileva A. E. , Bazakov A. Z.
Published: June 2023

Within the framework of the article, the authors systematized the events that were held by the Scientific Student Society (a.k.a. SSS) of the Faculty of Sociology of Moscow State University. In 2021, the year of science and technology in the Russian Federation, the SSS of the Faculty of Sociology of Moscow State University conducted a study during which the role of Student Scientific Societies as student organizations engaged in scientific and scientific-educational work was strengthened. As part of 2022, the first year of decade of science and technology in the Russian Federation, the SSS of the Faculty of Sociology of Moscow State University also held a number of events that promote the popularization of sociological science and the development of research work among students, graduate students and young scientists.
Analysis of English for International Communication (EIC) Research Projects Conducted in the Independent Study (IS) Course Underpinning the Thailand 20-Year National Strategy Plan
Authors: Kangkha Patcharin , Songpra Chariya , Urairat Kanjanarat
Published: June 2023

The main focuses of this research study were to identify all research projects conducted by English for International Communication (EIC) students between 2017-2019 based on the Thailand 20-Year National Strategy Plan; summarize and analyzing; and, suggest the scope of the research projects in the IS course. A total of 109 research projects proceeded by the EIC students were analyzed. The research instruments were the Research Topic Analysis Checklist (RTAC). The statistic used in data analysis was the percentage. Overall, the findings indicated that the most of the research projects were in the strategy of development and strengthening human capital (85%), social cohesion and just society (5.45%), and national competitiveness enhancement (1.09%) respectively whereas there was at 8.21% ungrouped projects. Noticeably, an innovation technology and area base of IS projects gradually increased with the 21st century skills in 2019. Additionally, the understanding of both university mission and Thailand 20-Year National Strategy Plan related to the various research projects. This study can mutually provide a practical guideline for encouraging both teachers and students to explore more diverse interesting topic areas by bridging the gaps between the university mission, provincial policy and strategy, and Thailand 20-Year National Strategy Plan.