bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Explaining the variation in 137Cs aggregated transfer factor for wild edible plants as a case study on Koshiabura (Eleutherococcus sciadophylloides) buds
Authors: Hayashi Seiji , Watanabe Mirai , Kanao Koshikawa Masami , Takada Momo , Takechi Seiichi , Takagi Mai , Sakai Masaru , Tamaoki Masanori
Published: August 2023

The aggregated transfer factor (Tag) is commonly used to represent the actual transfer of radiocesium from soil to wild edible plants, but the values have shown substantial variation since the Fukushima nuclear accident. To elucidate the factors causing this variation, we investigated the effects of spatial scale and vertical 137Cs distribution in the soil on the variation of Tag-137Cs values for one of the most severely contaminated wild edible plants, Eleutherococcus sciadophylloides Franch. et Sav. (Koshiabura). The variation in Tag-137Cs values was not reduced by direct measurement of 137Cs deposition in soil samples from the Koshiabura habitat, as a substitute for using spatially averaged airborne survey data at the administrative district scale. The 137Cs activity concentration in Koshiabura buds showed a significant positive correlation with the 137Cs inventories only in the organic horizon of soil from the Koshiabura habitat. The ratio of 137Cs inventories in the organic horizon to the total 137Cs deposition in soil exhibited substantial variation, especially in broad-leaved deciduous forests that Koshiabura primarily inhabits. This variation may be the cause of the wide range of Tag-137Cs values observed in Koshiabura buds when calculated from the total 137Cs deposition in soil.
Caffeine exacerbates seizure-induced death via postictal hypoxia
Authors: George Antis G. , Federico Alyssa , Gom Renaud C. , Harris Sydney A. , Teskey G. Campbell
Published: August 2023

Sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) is the leading epilepsy-related cause of premature mortality in people with intractable epilepsy, who are 27 times more likely to die than the general population. Impairment of the central control of breathing following a seizure has been identified as a putative cause of death, but the mechanisms underlying this seizure-induced breathing failure are largely unknown. Our laboratory has advanced a vascular theory of postictal behavioural dysfunction, including SUDEP. We have recently reported that seizure-induced death occurs after seizures invade brainstem breathing centres which then leads to local hypoxia causing breathing failure and death. Here we investigated the effects of caffeine and two adenosine receptors in two models of seizure-induced death. We recorded local oxygen levels in brainstem breathing centres as well as time to cessation of breathing and cardiac activity relative to seizure activity. The administration of the non-selective A1/A2A antagonist caffeine or the selective A1 agonist N6-cyclopentyladenosine reveals a detrimental effect on postictal hypoxia, providing support for caffeine modulating cerebral vasculature leading to brainstem hypoxia and cessation of breathing. Conversely, A2A activation with CGS-21680 was found to increase the lifespan of mice in both our models of seizure-induced death.
A novel simplified method for extraction of microplastic particles from face scrub and laundry wastewater
Authors: Shalumon C. S. , Ratanatamskul Chavalit
Published: August 2023

Microplastic pollution in different environmental matrices is a serious concern in the recent times. Personal care products and washing of synthetic fabrics are some of the main sources of microplastic pollution. In this work, a novel simplified, effective and sustainable method for extraction of microplastic particles from face scrub and laundry wastewater was developed. Different parameters affecting the extraction were analysed and the extraction process was optimised. The extraction efficiency of the proposed method was found to be ~ 94.1 ± 1.65%, which was slightly better than the previously available method with an advantage of ease in extraction and lesser time and resource consuming. The developed method was used to demonstrate the extraction of microplastic particles from 12 face scrub samples with different brands. It was found that the samples contained microplastic particles of varying size. The physical and chemical structure intactness of microplastic particles during the extraction was also analysed and found to be acceptable. The developed extraction method was also applied for the extraction of microfibers from the laundry wastewater. It was found that this proposed method is suitable to make the cleaner extracted samples for an easy and more effective qualitative and quantitative analysis of MPs.
The isothermal Boltzmann–Gibbs entropy reduction affects survival of the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Gruss Iwona , Twardowski Jacek , Samsel-Czekała Małgorzata , Beznosiuk Jarosław , Wandzel Czesław , Twardowska Kamila , Wiglusz Rafal J.
Published: August 2023

To the best of our knowledge, this is the first experimental evidence of the effect of isothermal changes in entropy on a living organism. In greater detail, the effect of the reduction of the total Boltzmann–Gibbs entropy (S) of the aquatic environment on the survival rate and body mass of the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster was investigated. The tests were carried out in standard thermodynamic states at room temperature of 296.15 K and ambient atmospheric pressure of 1 bar. Two variants of entropy reduction (ΔS) were tested for ΔS = 28.49 and 51.14 J K−1 mol−1 compared to the blind and control samples. The entropy level was experimentally changed, using the quantum system for isothermal entropy reduction. This system is based on quantum bound entanglement of phonons and the phenomenon of phonon resonance (interference of phonon modes) in condensed matter (Silicon dioxide (SiO2) and single crystals of Silicon (Si0), Aluminum (Al0) plates (“chips”), glass, and water). All studied organisms were of the same age (1 day). Mortality was observed daily until the natural death of the organisms. The investigations showed that changes in the Boltzmann–Gibbs entropy affected the survival and body mass of the fruit flies. On the one hand, the reduction in entropy under isothermal conditions in the aquatic environment for ΔS = 28.49 J K−1 mol−1 resulted in an extension of the lifespan and an increase in the body mass of female fruit flies. On the other hand, the almost twofold reduction in this entropy for ΔS = 51.14 J K−1 mol−1 shortened the lives of the males. Thus, the lifespan and body mass of flies turned out to be a specific reaction of metabolism related to changes in the entropy of the aquatic environment.
Systematic review and meta-analysis comparing educational and reminder digital interventions for promoting HPV vaccination uptake
Authors: Chandeying Nutthaporn , Thongseiratch Therdpong
Published: August 2023

Global Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination rates remain low despite available WHO-approved vaccines. Digital interventions for promoting vaccination uptake offer a scalable and accessible solution to this issue. Here we report a systematic review and meta-analysis examining the efficacy of digital interventions, comparing educational and reminder approaches, for promoting HPV vaccination uptake (HVU). This study also identifies factors influencing the effectiveness of these interventions. We searched PubMed, PsycInfo, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library from each database’s inception to January 2023. Three raters independently evaluate the studies using a systematic and blinded method for resolving disagreements. From 1929 references, 34 unique studies (281,280 unique participants) have sufficient data. Client reminder (OR, 1.41; 95% CI, 1.23–1.63; P < 0.001), provider reminder (OR, 1.39; 95% CI, 1.11–1.75; P = 0.005), provider education (OR, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.05–1.34; P = 0.007), and client education plus reminder interventions (OR, 1.29; 95% CI, 1.04–1.59; P = 0.007) increase HVU, whereas client education interventions do not (OR, 1.08; 95% CI, 0.92–1.28; P = 0.35). Digital intervention effectiveness varies based on participants’ gender and the digital platform used. Interventions targeting male or mixed-gender participants demonstrate greater benefit, and reminder platforms (SMS, preference reminders, or electronic health record alerts) are more effective in increasing HVU. Digital interventions, particularly client and provider reminders, along with provider education, prove significantly more effective than client education alone. Incorporating digital interventions into healthcare systems can effectively promote HPV vaccination uptake. Reminder interventions should be prioritized for promoting HVU.
Socio-political and ecological fragility of threatened, free-ranging African lion populations
Authors: Nicholson Samantha K. , Dickman Amy , Hinks Amy , Riggio Jason , Bauer Hans , Loveridge Andrew , Becker Matthew , Begg Colleen , Bhalla Shivani , Burnham Dawn , Cotterill Alayne , Dolrenry Stephanie , Dröge Egil , Funston Paul , Hazzah Leela , Ikanda Dennis , Gebresenbet Fikirte , Henschel Philipp , Mandisodza-Chikerema Roseline L. , Mbizah Moreangels , Hunter Luke , Jacobsen Kim , Lindsey Peter , Maputla Nakedi , Macdonald Ewan , Macdonald David W. , Duff Resson Kantai , Packer Craig , Sillero-Zubiri Claudio , Mudumba Tutilo , Strampelli Paolo , Sogbohossou Etotépé A. , Tyrrell Peter , Jacobson Andrew P.
Published: August 2023

Lions are one of the world’s most iconic species but are threatened with extinction. Developing effective range-wide conservation plans are crucial but hampered by the relative lack of knowledge on specific threats facing each population and the socio-political context for conservation. Here, we present a range-wide examination of the relative fragility of lion populations, examining socio-political factors alongside ecological ones. We found Ethiopia’s Maze National Park had the most ecologically fragile geographic population while Kavango-Zambezi was the least. At a country level, lion populations had highest ecological fragility in Cameroon and Malawi. When we examined socio-political fragility, Somalia was the most fragile lion range country, followed by South Sudan. When socio-political and ecological fragility were combined, lion populations in Maze National Park and Bush-Bush (Somalia) and more broadly, Somalian and Malawian lion populations were the most fragile. These insights should help inform more nuanced and appropriately targeted lion conservation plans.
Antitumour imidazotetrazines: past, present… and future?
Authors: Stevens Malcolm F. G. , Wheelhouse Richard T.
Published: August 2023

Are we there yet? The 40 year quest for a new temozolomide.
Towards the automated extraction of structural information from X-ray absorption spectra
Authors: David Tudur , Nik Aznan Nik Khadijah , Garside Kathryn , Penfold Thomas
Published: August 2023

A machine learning model capable of extracting structural information from XANES spectra is introduced. This approach, analogous to a Fourier transform of EXAFS spectra, can predict first coordination shell bond-lengths with a median error of 0.1 Å.
Effects of high-pressure and transglutaminase, individually and simultaneously applied, on pea and soy protein isolates
Authors: Neto Queirós Rui Pedro , Cruz Pinto Carlos Alberto , Lopes-da-Silva José António , Alexandre Saraiva Jorge Manuel
Published: August 2023

Microbial transglutaminase (MTG) can improve proteins’ properties. High pressure processing (HPP) enhances MTG accessibility due to conformation changes in pea and soy proteins. When combined, MTG and HPP can have synergistic/antagonistic effects.
Thermoresponsive polymers with LCST transition: synthesis, characterization, and their impact on biomedical frontiers
Authors: Yuan Yichun , Raheja Konpal , Milbrandt Nathalie B. , Beilharz Sophia , Tene Steffy , Oshabaheebwa Solomon , Gurkan Umut A. , Samia Anna Cristina S. , Karayilan Metin
Published: August 2023

Enhancing our comprehension of the structural influences alongside characterization tools for thermoresponsive polymers will pave the way to design and deploy more advanced biomaterials, holding promise for future applications in public health.
A Multifunctional tannic acid–Fe3+–graphene oxide loaded alginate photothermal network: an interfacial water evaporator, a disinfector and a power generator
Authors: Amarnath M. , Basu Hirakendu , Basu Ranita , Chandwadkar Pallavi , Acharya Celin , Singh Shweta , Kailasa Suresh Kumar , Patra Chandra Nath
Published: August 2023

Development of a multifunctional tannic acid–Fe3+–GO–alginate photothermal material for sustainable environmental applications.
Neuronal maturation-dependent nano–neuro interaction and modulation
Authors: Gupta Prashant , Rathi Priya , Gupta Rohit , Baldi Harsh , Coquerel Quentin , Debnath Avishek , Derami Hamed Gholami , Raman Baranidharan , Singamaneni Srikanth
Published: August 2023

We unveil that negative surface charge of nanoparticles renders selective nano–neuro interaction with a strong correlation between the maturation stage of individual neurons in the neural network and the density of nanoparticles bound on the neurons.
Recent advances of Cp*Ir complexes for transfer hydrogenation: focus on formic acid/formate as hydrogen donors
Authors: Wei YiFei , Liang Yuqiu , Luo Renshi , Ouyang Lu
Published: August 2023

This review summarise the transfer hydrogenation of C=O, C=C, C=N bonds of unsaturated substrates via Cp*Ir complexes as catalysts and formic acid/formate as hydrogen sources.
Flexible strontium-based metal–organic framework scintillation screens for high-resolution X-ray imaging
Authors: Wang Peng-Kun , Wang Wen-Fei , Li Bao-Yi , Xie Mei-Juan , Bian Hong-Yi , Wang Shuai-Hua , Zheng Fa-Kun , Guo Guo-Cong
Published: August 2023

Flexible strontium-based metal–organic framework scintillation screens with strong radioluminescence sensitivity and water resistance were applied for high-resolution X-ray imaging.
Subtle structural engineering of a coordination polymer host for the fluorescence modulation of host–guest donor–acceptor systems
Authors: Nie Hong-Xiang , Zhang Bo , Liu Yi-Ming , Yu Mei-Hui , Chang Ze
Published: August 2023

A novel series of host-guest donor-acceptor (D-A)  coordination polymer (CP) materials have been fabricated by subtle structural engineering, which presented multifarious  emission properties and illustrated the great potential in achieving fluorescence modulation.
Ultra-low loading Pt atomic cluster electrode with Pt–O bond as an active site with high hydrogen evolution reaction performance
Authors: Ren Zhandong , Xie Zhiqiang , Deng Li , Dong Chen , Song Guocan , Liu Xiaohui , Han Juanjuan , Zhuang Lin , Liu Yi , Zhu Yuchan
Published: August 2023

The oxidized Pt atomic cluster-supported Au electrode (PtAC–O–Au) with ultra-low loading exhibits a very high mass activity, and the active site is the oxidized platinum (Pt–O).
Re-examining the stereochemistry of polycyclic suffruticosine via TDDFT calculations, ECD spectroscopy, and chemical synthesis
Authors: Kim Taewan , Kim Samhwan , Chung Garam , Park Kiyoung , Han Sunkyu
Published: August 2023

The stereochemistry of suffruticosine has been revised by using experimental and computational methods.
Diastereospecific arylation and cascade deconstructive amidation/thioesterification of readily available lactam-fused bromolactones
Authors: Do Minh , Anosike Stella I. , Beng Timothy K.
Published: August 2023

Readily available lactam-bromolactones have been interrogated in several fragment growth protocols including diastereospecific Kumada cross-coupling with Grignard reagents, cascade deconstructive amidation, and contra-thermodynamic thioesterification.
Enzyme-modified amphiphilic polymer nanoparticles as high-performance Pickering interface biocatalysts
Authors: Yin Zhengqiao , Xu Chuangbang , Liu Bowei , Liu Xiucai , Zhang Shengmiao
Published: August 2023

Enzyme-decorated polymeric nanoparticles as both catalytic sites and stabilizers for a high catalytic activity and easily recyclable Pickering interface biocatalysis system.
Passivation mechanism of the perovskite upper interface based on MAPbBr3 quantum dots for efficient and stable perovskite solar cells
Authors: Feng Yan , Li Huilin , Shen Zhitao , Li Fumin , Jin Mengqi , Rong Yanjing , Tian Xingyuan , Liu Rong , Chen Chong
Published: August 2023

High quality perovskite films play a key role in efficient perovskite solar cells (PSCs).
Extracting microscopic insight from transient dielectric measurements during large amplitude oscillatory shear
Authors: Cho Noah H. , Shi Jiachun , Murphy Ryan P. , Riley John K. , Rogers Simon A. , Richards Jeffrey J.
Published: August 2023

Branched and unbranched inverse worm-like micelles show distinct microstructural differences during transient large amplitude oscillatory shear (LAOS) as probed by dielectric spectroscopy.
Bayesian optimization of single-atom alloys and other bimetallics: efficient screening for alkane transformations, CO2 reduction, and hydrogen evolution
Authors: Kayode Gbolade O. , Hill Avery F. , Montemore Matthew M.
Published: August 2023

We leveraged Bayesian optimization (BO) to search for potential high-performing catalysts. Our BO workflow can be initialized with as few as 2 to 8 data points, and often identifies the optimal single-atom alloy surface in just a few iterations.
Multistage coupling of interface and core–shell engineering of a cobalt-based heterostructure for integration of multiple electromagnetic absorption
Authors: Zhou Jun , Guo Hu , Di Jun , Liu Guigao , Jiang Wei
Published: August 2023

Herein, a heterostructure fabricated by the coupling of interface engineering and a core–shell concept is reported. Both the experimental and RCS simulation results confirm that the absorber can effectively suppress EM scattering.
Ultrahigh energy storage capacity in multilayer-structured cellulose-based dielectric capacitors caused by interfacial polarization-coupled Schottky barrier height
Authors: Sun Zixiong , Liu Jiaqi , Wei Hansong , Guo Qing , Bai Yuhan , Zhao Shibo , Wang Siting , Li Lei , Zhang Yutao , Tian Ye , Zhang Xiaohua , Jing Hongmei , Pu Yongping , Zhang Sufeng
Published: August 2023

The interfacial polarization-couples Schottky barrier height between BT particles and the C8P2 matrix strongly enhanced the energy storage capacity of this cellulose-based flexible capacitors.
Two-phase matrices for the controlled release of therapeutic proteins
Authors: David Mariya , Mohanty Avha R. , Peppas Nicholas A.
Published: August 2023

A novel two-phase delivery system containing methacrylic acid-based nanoparticles was developed for the controlled release of therapeutic proteins. Release rates of model proteins were tuned through modulation of nanoparticle properties.
Elucidating the superexchange mechanisms in magnetic coordination polymer [Co(HCOO)2(H2O)2]∞ through chemical bonding analysis
Authors: Grønbech Thomas Bjørn Egede , Krause Lennard , Ceresoli Davide , Iversen Bo Brummerstedt
Published: August 2023

Single crystal synchrotron X-ray diffraction data are used to obtain an experimental electron density of a magnetic coordination polymer and thereby probe chemical interactions responsible for magnetic pathways.
Microwave-plasma induced one-step synthesis of Ni(PO3)2 nanosphere-loaded bio-waste derived N, P co-doped carbon for an asymmetric supercapacitor with prolonged life
Authors: Gupta Nisha , Bhattacharya Pallab
Published: August 2023

Ni(PO3)2 nanospheres and bio-waste derived N, P co-doped carbon composites as asymmetric supercapacitor with long cycle life to run an oximeter and 28 LEDs demonstrating a strong practical application prospect.
Tetrakis (4-carboxyphenyl) porphyrin and Ru(bpy)32+ modified SiO2 nanospheres for potential and wavelength resolved electrochemiluminescence
Authors: Guo Mingquan , Shu Jiangnan , Du Dexin , Wang Yisha , Cui Hua
Published: August 2023

A new potential resolved ECL nanoluminophore generated two high efficiency ECL emissions without overlap and interfere of potential and wavelength at cathode and anode.
Multicolor tunable Bi3+,Sm3+ co-doped Sr2GdGaO5 phosphor and its application in optical thermometry
Authors: Qiang Kangrui , Yu Yingqiang , Ye Yulong , Liang Liang , Mao Qinan , Ding Yang , Zhu Yiwen , Liu Meijiao , Zhong Jiasong
Published: August 2023

Multicolor tunable and high sensitivity optical thermometry was realized by introducing Al3+ ions to occupy Ga3+ sites in Bi3+,Sm3+ co-doped Sr2GdGa1−zAlzO5 phosphor.
Enhancing upconversion via constructing local energy clusters in lanthanide-doped fluoride nanoparticles
Authors: Yang Haolin , Zhang Anshuo , Guo Hai , Li Denghao , Xu Shiqing , Lei Lei
Published: August 2023

By introducing local energy clusters within the NaGdF4 lattice, the optimal Er3+, Ho3+ and Tm3+ doping concentrations were increased to 8, 8, and 2 mol%, respectively. The UC intensity was enhanced approximately 54.3 times by doping Ca2+.
Ti3+ self-doping in BaTiO3 ceramic for multi-sensor applications: reduced bandgap with maintained ferroelectric properties
Authors: Li Chen Xi , Li Xiang , Chen Xin Yi , Chen Chen , Zhao Lei , Ma Nan
Published: August 2023

Ti3+ self-doped BaTiO3 has been successfully developed as a multifunctional sensor, demonstrating outstanding performance in detecting light intensity, force, and temperature.
Added value of the emissions fractions approach when assessing a chemical's potential for adverse effects as a result of long-range transport
Authors: Breivik Knut , McLachlan Michael S. , Wania Frank
Published: August 2023

The utility of the emission fractions approach is explored in the context of the Stockholm Convention on POPs.
The MUSE-Faint survey
Authors: Vaz Daniel , Brinchmann Jarle , Zoutendijk Sebastiaan L. , Boogaard Leindert A. , Kamann Sebastian , Read Justin I. , Roth Martin M. , Weilbacher Peter M. , Steinmetz Matthias
Published: August 2023

Context. Leo T (MV = −8.0) is a peculiar dwarf galaxy that stands out for being both the faintest and the least massive galaxy known to contain neutral gas and to display signs of recent star formation. It is also extremely dark-matter dominated. As a result, Leo T presents an invaluable opportunity to study the processes of gas and star formation at the limit where galaxies are found to have rejuvenating episodes of star formation.

Aims. Our approach to studying Leo T involves analysing photometry and stellar spectra to identify member stars and gather information about their properties, such as line-of-sight velocities, stellar metallicities, and ages. By examining these characteristics, we aim to better understand the overall dynamics and stellar content of the galaxy and to compare the properties of its young and old stars.

Methods. Our study of Leo T relies on data from the Multi Unit Spectroscopic Explorer (MUSE) on the Very Large Telescope, which we use to identify 58 member stars of the galaxy. In addition, we supplement this information with spectroscopic data from the literature to bring the total number of member stars analysed to 75. To further our analysis, we complement these data with Hubble Space Telescope (HST) photometry. With these combined datasets, we delve deeper into the galaxy’s stellar content and uncover new insights into its properties.

Results. Our analysis reveals two distinct populations of stars in Leo T. The first population, with an age of ≲500 Myr, includes three emission-line Be stars comprising 15% of the total number of young stars. The second population of stars is much older, with ages ranging from > 5 Gyr to as high as 10 Gyr. We combine MUSE data with literature data to obtain an overall velocity dispersion of σv = 7.07−1.12+1.29 km s−1 for Leo T. When we divide the sample of stars into young and old populations, we find that they have distinct kinematics. Specifically, the young population has a velocity dispersion of 2.31−1.65+2.68 km s−1, contrasting with that of the old population, of 8.14−1.38+1.66 km s−1. The fact that the kinematics of the cold neutral gas is in good agreement with the kinematics of the young population suggests that the recent star formation in Leo T is linked with the cold neutral gas. We assess the existence of extended emission-line regions and find none to a surface brightness limit of < 1 × 10−20 erg s−1 cm−2 arcsec−2 which corresponds to an upper limit on star formation of ∼10−11 M⊙ yr−1 pc−2, implying that the star formation in Leo T has ended.
Nebular spectra from Type Ia supernova explosion models compared to JWST observations of SN 2021aefx
Authors: Blondin S. , Dessart L. , Hillier D. J. , Ramsbottom C. A. , Storey P. J.
Published: August 2023

Context.Recent JWST observations of the Type Ia supernova (SN Ia) 2021aefx in the nebular phase have paved the way for late-time studies covering the full optical to mid-infrared (MIR) wavelength range, and with it the hope to better constrain SN Ia explosion mechanisms.

Aims.We investigate whether public SN Ia models covering a broad range of progenitor scenarios and explosion mechanisms (Chandrasekhar-mass, orMCh, delayed detonations, pulsationally assisted gravitationally confined detonations, sub-MChdouble detonations, and violent mergers) can reproduce the full optical-MIR spectrum of SN 2021aefx at ∼270 days post explosion.

Methods.We consider spherically averaged 3D models available from the Heidelberg Supernova Model Archive with a56Ni yield in the range 0.5–0.8M⊙. We performed 1D steady-state non-local thermodynamic equilibrium simulations with the radiative-transfer code CMFGEN, and compared the predicted spectra to SN 2021aefx.

Results.The models can explain the main features of SN 2021aefx over the full wavelength range. However, no single model, or mechanism, emerges as a preferred match, and the predicted spectra are similar to each other despite the very different explosion mechanisms. We discuss possible causes for the mismatch of the models, including ejecta asymmetries and ionisation effects. Our new calculations of the collisional strengths for Ni IIIhave a major impact on the two prominent lines at 7.35 μm and 11.00 μm, and highlight the need for more accurate collisional data for forbidden transitions. Using updated atomic data, we identify a strong feature due to [Ca IV] 3.21 μm, attributed to [Ni I] in previous studies. We also provide a tentative identification of a forbidden line due to [Ne II] 12.81 μm, whose peaked profile indicates the presence of neon all the way to the innermost region of the ejecta, as predicted for instance in violent merger models. Contrary to previous claims, we show that the [Ar III] 8.99 μm line can be broader in sub-MChmodels compared to near-MChmodels. Last, the total luminosity in lines of Ni is found to correlate strongly with the stable nickel yield, although ionisation effects can bias the inferred abundance.

Conclusions.Our models suggest that key physical ingredients are missing from either the explosion models, or the radiative-transfer post-processing, or both. Nonetheless, they also show the potential of the near- and MIR to uncover new spectroscopic diagnostics of SN Ia explosion mechanisms.
A model framework for simulating spatial hearing of bilateral cochlear implant users
Authors: Hu Hongmei , Ausili Sebastián A. , Williges Ben , Klug Jonas , Felsheim Rebecca C. , Vickers Deborah , Dietz Mathias
Published: August 2023

Bilateral cochlear implants (CIs) greatly improve spatial hearing acuity for CI users, but substantial gaps still exist compared to normal-hearing listeners. For example, CI users have poorer localization skills, little or no binaural unmasking, and reduced spatial release from masking. Multiple factors have been identified that limit binaural hearing with CIs. These include degradation of cues due to the various sound processing stages, the viability of the electrode-neuron interface, impaired brainstem neurons, and deterioration in connectivity between different cortical layers. To help quantify the relative importance and inter-relationship between these factors, computer models can and arguably should be employed. While models exploring single stages are often in good agreement with selected experimental data, their combination often does not yield a comprehensive and accurate simulation of perception. Here, we combine information from CI sound processing with computational auditory model stages in a modular and open-source framework, resembling an artificial bilateral CI user. The main stages are (a) binaural signal generation with optional head-related impulse response filtering, (b) generic CI sound processing not restricted to a specific manufacturer, (c) electrode-to-neuron transmission, (d) binaural interaction, and (e) a decision model. The function and the outputs of different model stages are demonstrated with examples of localization experiments. However, the model framework is not tailored to a specific dataset. It offers a selection of sound coding strategies and allows for third-party model extensions or substitutions; thus, it is possible to employ the model for a wide range of binaural applications and even for educational purposes.
Does Lidocaine Shorten Seizure Duration in Electroconvulsive
Therapy?
Authors: López-Ilundain Jose , Prados Alejandro Ballesteros , Enriquez Ángela S. Rosero , Enguita-Germán Mónica , Rosquil Estefania Uriarte , Gil Jose López , Fábrega Ana Marmol , Martinez de Zabarte Moraza Estitxu , Maughan Alex R. , Yoldi-Murillo Javier
Published: August 2023

Background Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is an effective short-term
treatment for schizophrenia and depression, amongst other disorders. Lidocaine
is typically added to reduce pain from intravenous propofol injection. However,
depending on the dose used in the ECT setting, it can shorten seizure duration.
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of lidocaine dose on seizure
duration.

Methods This retrospective, naturalistic cohort study included 169
patients treated with ECT. We examined 4714 ECT sessions with propofol or
propofol plus lidocaine. Ictal quality was manually rated by visual inspection.
The main outcome of this study was the relation of lidocaine with seizure
duration after controlling for socio-demographic, ECT, and other anesthetic
variables.

Results There was a significant negative association between lidocaine
usage and seizure duration. Multivariate analyses showed that seizure duration
was shortened by an average of 3.21 s in sessions with lidocaine.
Moreover, in this subgroup, there was a significant negative dose-dependent
association between lidocaine dose and seizure length. Complementarily, a
significant positive association between preictal BIS and seizure length was
found in the subgroup of sessions where preictal was used.

Conclusions We provide additional evidence highlighting the importance of
caution regarding lidocaine dosing due to the effect on seizure length in the
ECT setting. It is advisable for clinicians to exercise caution when
administering lidocaine regarding its dosing and seizure length in ECT settings.
Future investigation is needed to assess causal relationships by studying
certain vulnerable groups or employing other charge calculation techniques, such
as the titration method.
Kolumne: Ressourcen schonen durch Zusammenarbeit
Authors: Braun Nicolai
Published: August 2023

Das Benchmark-Programm zur Optimierung von Transkatheter-Aortenklappen-Implantationen verkürzt die Behandlungsdauer ohne Beeinträchtigung des Ergebnisses. Ein standardisierter Behandlungspfad ist das Kernstück des Programms.
Automatisierte Versorgung im Stadtspital Zürich: Mit AMR zur unsichtbaren Krankenhauslogistik
Authors: Immoos Maurus
Published: August 2023

Das Stadtspital Zürich setzt seit Anfang dieses Jahres mit autonomen mobilen Robotern (AMR) auf die teilautomatisierte Versorgung seiner Ambulatorien und Büros. Da die AMR nur nachts arbeiten, entlasten sie die knappen Liftressourcen im Tagesbetrieb. Ein Erfolg, der mit dem Innovationspreis der med.Logistica honoriert wurde.
Vergaberecht: Was wiegt schwerer: Das Vertrauen des ungeeigneten Verhandlungspartners, oder das Vertrauen geeigneter Wettbewerber?
Authors: Kühn Matthias
Published: August 2023

Nach aktueller Rechtsprechung legen sich Vergabestellen in den zweistufigen Vergabeverfahren schon am Ende des Teilnahmewettbewerbs fest, ob Bieter geeignet sind. Daher sollten Kliniken die Eignungskriterien und auch die Eignungsprüfung auch unter diesem Aspekt sorgfältig planen.
Beyond relational work: a psycho-pragmatic analysis of impoliteness in Shakespeare’s King Lear
Authors: Khafaga Ayman
Published: August 2023

This paper offers a psycho-pragmatic analysis of impoliteness in Shakespeare’s King Lear at the intradiegetic level of communication. The paper’s main objective is to explore the extent to which impoliteness assessment is influenced by both the psychological traits of interlocutors motivated by their reality paradigms and the fictional participation of discourse participants, which targets a deeper understanding of the association between impoliteness, psychological dimensions of personality, and fictional participation in drama dialogue. The study is based on an eclectic framework by drawing inspiration from contributions in the field of impoliteness and relational work studies, with a special emphasis on Locher and Jucker’s (2021) list of the factors influencing relational work, together with reference to studies on the relationship between psychological dimensions of personality and language use, with a focus on Archer’s (2002) concept of reality paradigms. The paper has two main findings: first, psychological traits of interlocutors contribute significantly to the production, reception, and assessment of impoliteness and serve as antecedents of their verbal aggression; and, second, psychological impoliteness operates within a specific community of practice and has its own context-specific expectation frames.
Use of sensitivity-enhanced nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy equipped with a 1.7-mm cryogenically cooled micro-coil probe in identifying human sperm intracellular metabolites
Authors: Cheredath Aswathi , Uppangala Shubhashree , Jijo Ameya , Lakshmi R. Vani , Gowda G. A. Nagana , Kalthur Guruprasad , Adiga Satish Kumar
Published: August 2023

Context The clinical value of human sperm metabolites has not been established due to the technical complexity in detecting these metabolites when sperm numbers are low. Aims To detect endogenous intracellular metabolites in fresh and post-thaw human spermatozoa using 800 MHz nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy equipped with a 1.7-mm cryo-probe. Methods Processed spermatozoa from 25 normozoospermic ejaculates were subjected to extraction of intracellular metabolites and then profiled by sensitivity-enhanced NMR spectroscopy equipped with a 1.7-mm cryogenically cooled micro-coil probe. In parallel, some of the processed sperm fractions were subjected to freeze-thawing and were then analysed for intracellular metabolites. Key results Twenty-three metabolites were profiled from only 1.25 million sperm cells. Comparison of the metabolomic signature of pre-freeze and post-thaw sperm cells did not show significant changes in the levels of metabolites. Conclusions Sensitivity-enhanced NMR spectroscopy equipped with a 1.7-mm cryogenically cooled micro-coil probe is a potential tool for identifying intracellular metabolites when sperm number is low. Implications Use of sensitivity-enhanced NMR spectroscopy opens up the opportunity to test for endogenous metabolites in samples with a limited number of spermatozoa, to understand the patho-physiology of infertility.
Diphtheria toxin activates ribotoxic stress and NLRP1 inflammasome-driven pyroptosis
Authors: Robinson Kim Samirah , Toh Gee Ann , Firdaus Muhammad Jasrie , Tham Khek Chian , Rozario Pritisha , Lim Chrissie K. , Toh Ying Xiu , Lau Zhi Heng , Binder Sophie Charlotte , Mayer Jacob , Bonnard Carine , Schmidt Florian I. , Common John E.A. , Zhong Franklin L.
Published: August 2023

The ZAKα-driven ribotoxic stress response (RSR) is activated by ribosome stalling and/or collisions. Recent work demonstrates that RSR also plays a role in innate immunity by activating the human NLRP1 inflammasome. Here, we report that ZAKα and NLRP1 sense bacterial exotoxins that target ribosome elongation factors. One such toxin, diphtheria toxin (DT), the causative agent for human diphtheria, triggers RSR-dependent inflammasome activation in primary human keratinocytes. This process requires iron-mediated DT production in the bacteria, as well as diphthamide synthesis and ZAKα/p38-driven NLRP1 phosphorylation in host cells. NLRP1 deletion abrogates IL-1β and IL-18 secretion by DT-intoxicated keratinocytes, while ZAKα deletion or inhibition additionally limits both pyroptotic and inflammasome-independent non-pyroptotic cell death. Consequently, pharmacologic inhibition of ZAKα is more effective than caspase-1 inhibition at protecting the epidermal barrier in a 3D skin model of cutaneous diphtheria. In summary, these findings implicate ZAKα-driven RSR and the NLRP1 inflammasome in antibacterial immunity and might explain certain aspects of diphtheria pathogenesis.
Noise cancellation in distributed feedback laser based interrogation system for twin grating accelerometer
Authors: Basumallick Nandini , Mitra Rajarshi , Chattopadhyay Somadrita , Kumar Dipten , Biswas Palas , Bandyopadhyay Somnath
Published: August 2023

In this paper, we demonstrate a noise cancellation method for suppressing laser frequency noise in distributed feedback laser based system for interrogating a twin fiber Bragg grating based accelerometer. A simple method has been developed by studying the noise characteristics of the sensing photodiode and the reference photodiode, used in standard intensity based wavelength demodulation system. Proposed method could be able to reduce deterministic noise components to about 20% of the original noise components without using any complex feedback mechanism to stabilize the laser.
Non-similar approach on the MHD Carreau nanofluid flow with quadratic radiation and Soret-Dufour effects
Authors: Tak Priya , Poonia Hemant , Areekara Sujesh , Sabu A S , Mathew Alphonsa
Published: August 2023

The present study aims to investigate the influence of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) Carreau nanofluid flow past a stretching cylinder with quadratic Rosseland heat radiation. This paper examines the consequences of the Soret-Dufour effects when considering the influence of thermophoresis and Brownian effects. The convective and diffusive boundary conditions have been implemented. The modeled mathematical system of non-linear partial differential equations (PDEs) is transformed into a dimensionless representation using a non-similar approach. The ensuing set of dimensionless equations are solved numerically with local non-similarity method (LNM) aided by the finite difference algorithm. The findings of the study unveil that the presence of the Dufour and Soret effect declines the heat transfer and mass transfer rates, respectively. It is also noted that flow profiles are more profound in the case of stretching cylinder configuration. Per unit increase in the hydrodynamic slip parameter augments the drag coefficient by 35.87% and 33.40% for cylinder and sheet configurations, respectively. The present study has potential applications in biomedicine, such as targeted drug delivery, hyperthermia, theranostics and cardiovascular treatments.
Characterizing the uncertainty relation via a class of measurements
Authors: Huang Fan , Wu Fan , Tang Liang , Mo Zhi-Wen , Bai Ming-Qiang
Published: August 2023

The connection between uncertainty and entanglement is a prevalent topic in quantum information processing. Based on a broad class of informationally complete symmetric measurements, which can be viewed as a common generalization of symmetric, informationally complete positive operator-valued measures and mutually unbiased bases, a conical 2-design is calculated. This design plays a crucial role in quantum measurement theory. Subsequently, the relation between the uncertainty and the entanglement for a set of measurements is portrayed using conditional collision entropy. Furthermore, a tighter lower bound of the uncertainty relation is discussed according to the characterization of the entropic bound. Finally, the relation is applied to entanglement witnesses. It is demonstrated that the present results are unified and comprehensive.
Quadratic shape biases in three-dimensional halo intrinsic alignments
Authors: Akitsu Kazuyuki , Li Yin , Okumura Teppei
Published: August 2023

Understanding the nonlinear relation between the shapes of halos or galaxies and the surrounding matter distribution is essential in accurate modeling of their intrinsic alignments. In the perturbative treatment, such nonlinear relation of the intrinsic alignments appears as higher-order shape bias parameters. In this paper, we present accurate measurements of the quadratic shape bias parameters by combining thefull three-dimensionalpower spectrum of the intrinsic alignments (i.e., without any projection) with the quadratic field method. In order to benefit from the full three-dimensional power spectrum we employ the spherical tensor decomposition of the three-dimensional shape field and measure their power spectra for the first time. In particular, we detect the vector and tensor power spectra in this basis, which cannot be explained by the widely-used nonlinear alignment model. Further, by cross-correlating the three-dimensional halo shape field with the quadratic shape bias operators from the initial condition of the same simulation to cancel cosmic variance, we effectively extract bispectrum information and detect quadratic shape bias parameters in the intrinsic alignments with high significance for the first time. We also compare these measurements with the prediction where quadratic shape biases are dynamically generated from the linear Lagrangian shape bias through the large-scale bulk flow. We find general agreement for all three biases with small deviations, which in practice could be negligible for the current photometric surveys. This implies that the advection prediction for the higher-order shape biases can be used as a prior in the cosmological analyses of intrinsic alignments.
High stability and low noise laser-diode end-pumped Nd: YAG ceramic passively Q-switched laser at 1123 nm based on a Ti3C2T
x
-PVA saturable absorber
Authors: Yan 闫 Jia-Le 佳乐 , Li 李 Ben 奔 , Wang 王 Guo-Zhen 国珍 , Yang 杨 Shun-Yu 顺宇 , Lu 陆 Bao-Le 宝乐 , Bai 白 Yang 杨
Published: August 2023

We report a high repetition frequency, high power stability and low laser noise laser-diode (LD) end-pumped Nd: YAG ceramic passively Q-switched laser at 1123 nm based on a Ti3C2T
x
-polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) film as a saturable absorber (SA). A Brewster polarizer (BP) and a birefringent crystal (BC) are incorporated to enable frequency selection and filtering for the passively Q-switched 1123 nm pulsed laser to improve the power stability and reduce the noise. When the pump power is 5.1 W, an average output power of 457.9 mW is obtained, corresponding to a repetition frequency of 1.09 MHz, a pulse width of 56 ns, a spectral line width of 0.65 nm, a power instability of ±0.92%, and a laser noise of 0.89%. The successful implementation of the “Ti3C2T
x
-PVA film passively Q-switching” combined with “frequency selection and filtering of BP + BC” technology path provides a valuable reference for developing pulsed laser with high repetition frequency, high stability and low noise.
Fast and perfect state transfer in superconducting circuit with tunable coupler
Authors: Zhang 张 Chi 驰 , Wang 王 Tian-Le 天乐 , Zhao 赵 Ze-An 泽安 , Yang 杨 Xiao-Yan 小燕 , Guo 郭 Liang-Liang 亮亮 , Jia 贾 Zhi-Long 志龙 , Duan 段 Peng 鹏 , Guo 郭 Guo-Ping 国平
Published: August 2023

In quantum computation and quantum information processing, the manipulation and engineering of quantum systems to suit certain purposes are an ongoing task. One such example is quantum state transfer (QST), an essential requirement for both quantum communication and large-scale quantum computation. Here we engineer a chain of four superconducting qubits with tunable couplers to realize the perfect state transfer (PST) protocol originally proposed in quantum spin networks and successfully demonstrate the efficient transfer of an arbitrary single-qubit state from one end of the chain to the other, achieving a high fidelity of 0.986 in just 25 ns. This demonstrated QST is readily to extend to larger chain and multi-node configurations, thus serving as a desirable tool for scalable quantum information processing.
Image segmentation and feature extraction method for lung lesion detection in computed tomography images
Authors: Abdullah M F , Sulaiman S N , Osman M K , Setumin S , Karim N K A. , Sahimi F A , Ani A I C
Published: August 2023

Lung cancer is a form of cancer that causes uncontrollable cell growth in the lungs. Patients with lung cancer frequently miss a treatment, face higher health care costs, and get the worst outcomes. The detection of the existence of lung cancer can be performed in a variety of ways, such as computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and radiography. Many researchers have developed ways of automating lung cancer diagnosis using image processing techniques because of the noise and low image quality between the cancer cells, the lung, and the background. This study develops an image processing technique that uses image segmentation algorithms to segment lung nodules in computed tomography images using feature extraction. In the initial phase, it is essential to establish a rigorous image processing framework with the following sequential steps: (i) object edge identification and (ii) lesion boundary recognition. The architecture includes image processing techniques, thresholding, and morphological detections (erosion and dilation). Lesions can have various sizes and shapes, both regular and irregular. The new method has been applied to find the lesions using their roundness size. In addition to learning purely from CT scans, the previously studied lesion characteristics are also integrated. Data was collected from the Advanced Medical and Dental Institute (AMDI), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang. The manual segmentation was used image segmented in the MATLAB software function to remove the background of the images. The perimeter evaluates such as accuracy, recall, and F-score. Based on the analysis the performance of lung lesion segmentation of accuracy is 99.95, recall at 45.76%, and the F-score is 60.67%. For lung lesion detection, the results shows it consist of 3-5 slices with the value of roundness. Besides, lesion detection also have continuity for the roundness value. The experiment results found clear support for the next step of this research for classifications of lesions.
Design of Vivaldi array antenna with low sidelobe for Monopulse tracking application
Authors: Thai Le Nhu , Anh La Tuan , Hang Le Thi , Son Le Hoai
Published: August 2023

The article will present the array antenna system for Monopulse tracking application. The Antenna includes 3 parts: monopulse comparator, unequal power divider, and antenna array. The monopulse comparator and unequal power divider are designed by microstrip line on PCB. Antenna array consists of 244 Vivaldi elements. Conducted simulation of the antenna system and obtained the following results: The bandwidth of the antenna system is greater than 10% with Voltage Standing Wave Ratio smaller than 1.6 (VSWR ≤1.6); Realized gain of the sum beam (radiation pattern) at the central frequency reaches 26.2 dBi; Sidelobe level of sum beam is less than -20dB in the whole frequency range; The peak and null of two difference beams are smaller than 20dB. With the results obtained, the Antenna Monopulse system is mentioned as completely suitable for use for tracking applications and arrangement in narrow space locations with compact size.