bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gesplitst stemmen bij de parlementsverkiezingen van 21 mei 1995 : een analyse op basis van surveydata
Authors: Maddens Bart
Published: July 2021

The 1995 simultaneous election of three legislative assemblies (Senate, lower Chamber and regional councils) offered the Belgian voters an opportunity to split their ballot between three different parties. An analysis of Flemish individual level survey data shows that 76.1% cast a straight ticket vote, white 20.9 % split their tickets between two and 3 % between three different parties. Ticketsplitting occurs most frequently amongst voters who mention the personality of individual politicians or the issues as a reason to support a party. In addition, the likehood of ticket-splitting increases amongst the higher educated and the non-partisans. No support was found for the hypothesis that ticket-splitters in a multi-party system tend to lean towards one party on some issues and towards the other party on others. Instead, ticket-splitters generally take a position in between two parties. No evidence was found of a differential issue impact across elections, in this sense that regional issues are more critical to regional elections and federal issues to federal elections.
De ontzuildheid nabij ? : Een exploratief inhoudsanalytisch onderzoek naar verzuildheid en ontzuiling van de naoorlogse geschreven pers in Vlaanderen
Authors: Distelmans Bart
Published: July 2021

During the postwar period, the Flemish press-scene changed fundamentally.  Alongside further commercialization and concentration, a process of structural depoliticization or depillarization took place: (financial) links betweenparties and trade unions on the one hand and newspapers on the other disappeared. This article examines the impact ofthese structural transformations on the newspapers' content. We emphasize marks of (de)pillarization in Flemish newspapers during cabinet formations. In 1958, the press took undeniably sides in the battle between the pillars: information about the formation of the new cabinet formed the background for these fights. In 1981 most attention went to the cabinet formation itself. The pillarization ofthe content was however on a more latent level not neglectable. Compared to 1958 and 1981 the old alliances between press and ideological institutions were far less visible in the content of 1995's newspapers. Apparently the depillarization ofthe Flemish press-content is an ongoing, longlasting process.
Het parlementaire optreden van de eerste minister in België en Nederland : Een vergelijking tussen de regeringen Martens VIII, Dehaene I en Lubbers III
Authors: Noppe Jo
Published: July 2021

The relation between the constitutionally founded supremacy of the parliament and the authoriy of the Prime Minister (PM) based on common law, is of a great importance in the Low Countries. This relation constitutes the difference between parliamentary and presidential regimes. It is the PM's duty to take care of the permanent support ofthe parliamentary majority. This is not an easy exercise. Members of parliament are not always as positive about the PM's parliamentary performances.  Characteristics of the parliamentary activity of the Belgian PM's Wilfried Martens, Jean-Luc Dehaene and the Dutch Ruud Lubbers are handled as: the frequency and the extent of the PM's parliamentary performances, the topics handled by the PM's in parliament, the PM's opponents in parliamentary debate and finally more generally the PM's parliamentary role behaviour.  Due to the different position of both the parliament and the PM in the Belgian and the Dutch political system, the characteristics of the parliamenty activity of the Belgian and the Dutch PM are not always very similar. Additionally, remarkable differences occur between the parliamentary activity of different PM'swithin the same country.
Vlaanderen in het Europees besluitvormingsproces (case-studie milieubeleid)
Authors: Vos Hendrik
Published: July 2021

The overlapping of the competencies of a number of regional authorities and those of the EU has necessitated an introduction of the regions in the EU policy-making. In this contribution, this phenomenon is combined with the concepts of paradiplomacy and multilevel governance. The present opportunities for regional participation will be looked at and some kind of classification scheme will be proposed. Those opportunities may be classified into four categories, depending on the formal (strict procedures) or informal (no strict procedures) and direct (direct relationship with EU institutions) or indirect (relationship with the EU via the central state) character of the participation. References are made to the Flemish involvement in European decision-making in the environmental field.
Nieuwe wegen voor Europa? : De Europese Unie in het jaar 2000
Authors: Kerremans Bart , Drieskens Edith
Published: July 2021

During the past year, the European integration process steadily continued along familiar as well as less familiar paths. This contribution gives an overview of the core decisions made within the three pillars of the European construction in the year 2000. Although the vast majority of these decisions were closely linked to the approaching Eastern enlargement of the European Union, new avenues have been followed during the past year as well. The debate about the finality of the European integration process gained, by way ofspeeches of European leaders like Joschka Fischer, Jacques Chirac, Tony Blair and Guy Verhofstadt, fifty years after the Schuman declaration, a new momentum.
Consociationalism : Theoretical Development Illustrated by the Case of Belgium
Authors: Knappskog Tom
Published: July 2021

The theory on consociational democracies has evolved significantly in the last decades. One aim of the article is to discuss this development. Arend Lijphart's groundbreaking book from 1977 has inspired critics and lead to important theoretical amelioration. A main problem has been the lack of theoretical connections between the favourable conditions for consociational democracy and accommodative elite behaviour. This reduces the explanatory power of the traditional consociational model. To resolve this, one option is to incorporate elements of consociational theory into more actor-oriented approaches. Such a solution is the closest we came to a functioning synthesis of Lijphart and his critics, and several attempts to combine macro- and micro-level analyses are discussed in the article. The empirical case of Belgium is applied throughout the article to illustrate the theoretical elaboration.
On the Theoretical Acknowledgement of Diversity in Representation
Authors: Meier Petra
Published: July 2021

This article provides a state of the art of the growing normative plea for enhanced representativeness, by which we understand a form of representation considering the sociodemographic particularities of society. We look at the Anglo-American plea for group representation and the (mainly) French debate on parity democracy. Concerned with the structural marginalisation of large numbers of citizens from the political  arena, these scholars criticise the abstract concept ofcitizenship and the interpretation of the process of representation as such. The plea for enhanced representativeness faces more than one normative challenge. Dealing with these issues the scholars pleading for enhanced representativeness above all reveal that the issue for or against representation in terms of representativeness is a matter of choice on underlying normative assumptions.
Het Belgische kiessysteem : de klassieke en alternatieve methode D'Hondt
Authors: Vander Weyden Patrick
Published: July 2021

In comparative electora/ studies, the Belgian electoral formula is classified in different, sometimes rather conflicting, classes. This paper is primarily concerned with the question if the Belgian electoral system truely is a D'Hondt system ?  In the first part I argued that the D'Hondt method, as a divisor sequence, can be applied alternatively. This modified method departs from a Hare-quota in the first phase. To allocate the rest seats in the second phase, the parties' aggregated vote totals (and not rest totals) are divided by the number of seats obtained in phase one, added by 1, then 2, then 3 etc. Like all divisor methods, the highest averages are used to assign the rest seats. This alternative D'Hondt method produces exactly the same resu!ts as the classical  method D'Hondt. Thus, it is also used in the Belgian two-tier-districting system. Furthermore, the Belgian electoral system can be classified as a proper D'Hondt system (in its form and results) while ignoring the primary districts.
Kritische Theorie en Globalisering : Op weg naar een beter begrip van Multi-Level Governance
Authors: De Vriendt Wouter
Published: July 2021

In this article, Multi-Level Governance (MLG) is problematized and treated as a dependent variable. It is argued that processes of globalisation shed considerable light on the development of MLG. In order to conceptualise 'globalisation', I turn myself to the field of International Political Economy, and more specifically neogramscian Critical Theory. Since Critical Theory seems to outline - above all - the distinctive political and policy aspects ofglobalisation, the approach gives way to the development of a causal link between globalisation and governance. The relevance of globalisation towards governance and MLG is further shown by elaborating on a particular level of governance: the subnational sphere of the city. I conclude that Critical Theory is indeed relevant in explaining globalisation and governance, and that its macro perspective may be used in conjunction with a more mesostyle, MLG approach.
Van de Bende Van Nijvel tot Dutroux : een beleidswetenschappelijke analyse van de politiehervorming in de jaren '80 en '90
Authors: Maesschalck Jeroen
Published: July 2021

In May 1998 the Belgian government and Jour opposition parties reached the «Octopus agreement,» deciding on the most comprehensive police reform in Belgian history.  However, the problems to which the reform was intended to be a solution were known long before and the basic option of this reform also existed for some time. Hence the research question: why did the reform only take place in May 1998 and not earlier ? To answer this question, the paper follows the narrative method : it tells the story that preceded this Octopus agreement from 1980 onwards. That narrative is «codified» in the language of a theoretical framework, a combination of the policy analysis models of Kingdon and Baumgartner and Jones. Together, these models turn out to be very useful to structure the narrative and provide a strong answer to the research question, allowing for analyticgeneralisation andJuture comparison.
Belgium's Adaptation to the EU : Does Federalism Constrain Europeanisation ?
Authors: Bursens Peter
Published: July 2021

This article starts from the observation that the Belgian level of adaptation to the requirements posed by its membership of the European Union is surprisingly low. Following an institutionalist line of thinking, it is argued that the impact of the European Union is seriously constrained by the characteristics of the Belgian federal system. This results into defining both cultural (1) and structural (2) indicators for the degree of Europeanisation: (1) European opinions and awareness of political elites and the general public and (2) the Belgian domestic organisation of European co-ordination mechanisms. The article more concretely argues that the European opinions and European awareness of the political elites and the public opinion are coloured by an inwards-looking mentality that stems from the dominant focus on the ongoing federalisation process. In addition, it is also found that the limited Europeanised installation and outcomes ofthe European co-ordination mechanisms are at least partly shaped by hard and soft federal elements
Ministeriële kabinetten als flexibele brug tussen politiek en administratie : Een onderzoek naar de instroom in de ministeriële kabinetten
Authors: Pelgrims Christophe
Published: July 2021

Handbooks of political science aften refer to the minister and the civil service as actors in the policy process. In theory, this representation is correct. However, in Belgium and in Flanders ministers construct a ministerial cabinet around them. The cabinet takes over different tasks from policy preparation to evaluation. In this respect, it reduces the civil service to an office that is only responsible for the implementation of policy.  Frequently political-historical reasons are used to explain the existence of the system of ministerial cabinets. Nevertheless, these are not the only reasons. Ministerial cabinets also exist because of organisational and cultural reasons. Understanding the ministerial cabinet, means understanding the way ministers want to work. This article highlights the way ministerial cabinets work, with a focus on Human Resources aspects. This gives information in which direction the civil service should move to fulfil the role of a good partner for the minister.
Van euro naar uitbreiding : de Europese Unie in 2002
Authors: Kerremans Bart , Drieskens Edith
Published: July 2021

The European Union stepped into the year 2002 with mixedfeelings. On the one hand, the anthraxcrisis and the war in Afghanistan remembered of the terrorist attacks of 11 September 2001. On the other hand, the introduction of the euro notes and coins created a EU-wide feeling of euphoria. In the following twelve months, EU activity was mainly dominated by the impeding eastern enlargement. Moreover, in 2002, the institutional foundations were laid ofwhat will turn out to be one of the mostfundamental transformations ofthe European construction in EU history. As most of these activities will be settled in the years to come, asfor 2002, especially the starting point - the introduction of the euro coins and notes -and the end point- the decision ofthe Copenhagen European Council to welcome Cyprus, Estonza, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Poland, Slovenia, the Czech Republic and the Slovak Republic in 2004 into the European family - will remain printed in the European memory.
Slagen met dyslexie in het hoger onderwijs
Authors: Tops Wim , Callens Maaike , Brysbaert Marc
Published: July 2021

Tussen 2009 en 2015 ging aan de Universiteit Gent een grootschalig, longitudinaal onderzoek van start naar studeren met dyslexie in het hoger. Het doel was een breed beeld te krijgen van studenten met dyslexie die starten in het hoger onderwijs in Vlaanderen. Daarnaast werden deze studenten gedurende 3 academiejaren gemonitord om een beter beeld te krijgen van hun studievoortgang en studieresultaten.
Als groep presteerden de studenten met dyslexie vaak lager dan de studenten zonder dyslexie, vooral voor lezen en spellen. Spelling was meer aangedaan dan lezen. Daarnaast hadden studenten met dyslexie een lagere verwerkingssnelheid dan studenten zonder dyslexie. Studenten met dyslexie hadden ook meer tijd nodig om verbale informatie uit hun langetermijngeheugen op te roepen (bijvoorbeeld eenvoudige rekenfeiten) dan studenten zonder dyslexie. Wat (vloeiende) intelligentie betreft werd er geen verschil gevonden tussen beide groepen.
Wat de slaagcijfers betreft, behaalden 70% van de controlestudenten tegenover 57% van de studenten met dyslexie na drie jaar een bachelordiploma. Echter bleek dit verschil niet significant. Daarnaast zagen we bij studenten met dyslexie wel significant hogere dropoutcijfers in vergelijking met studenten zonder dyslexie. Studenten met dyslexie hadden een verhoogde kans om tijdens het academiejaar hun studierichting af te breken en/of van richting te veranderen. Momenteel wordt onderzocht welke factoren hiervoor verantwoordelijk zijn.
Een belangrijke bevinding van deze studie blijft dat studenten met dyslexie ontegensprekelijk voor extra uitdagingen staan maar dat verder studeren ook voor hen zeker een haalbare kaart is. Studenten met dyslexie zijn dan ook gebaat bij een goede studiekeuzebegeleiding en voorbereiding van hun transitie van het secundair naar het hoger onderwijs.
Effect of foliar application of iron and zinc on performance of transplanted rice in middle Gangetic plains of Bihar
Authors:   Scientist, ICAR Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Regional Station Pusa, SS, Bihar, 848125, Samastipur, India, HASHIM MOHAMMAD\ , SINGH V K ,   Director, ICAR Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture, Hyderabad Telangana 500059, India, SINGH K K ,   ICAR Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Regional Station Pusa, Bihar848125, Samastipur, Indi, DHAR SHIVA ,   Principal Scientist, Division of Agronomy, ICARIARI New Delhi 110012, India
Published: July 2021

A field experiment was conducted during kharif season of 2015 and 2016 at research farmof the ICAR- Indian Agricultural Research Institute Regional Station Pusa, Samastipur, Biharto determine the foliar feeding of micronutrients (iron and zinc at different growth stages)on growth, yield and economics of rice in middle Gangetic plains of Bihar. The experimentwas laid out in randomized block design consisting of 9 treatments with 3 replications. Thetreatments consist of 0.5% spray of Zinc Sulphate and 1% spray of Ferrous Sulphate at fourdifferent growth stages i.e. 40, 50, 60 and 70 days aĞer transplanting (DAT) and one con-trol. The results shown significant increasing trends of growth, yield aĴributes and yield ofrice with four sprays of 1.0% solution of FeSO4at 40, 50, 60 and 70 days and three sprays ofZnSO4at 50, 60 and 70 days recorded significantly higher plant height, effective tillers/m2,panicle length, grains/panicle, 1,000-grain weight, biological yield, grain yield and straw yieldat maturity. These treatments also gave significantly higher net returns and benefit: cost ratioover the control.
Diversity expressed by wheat germplasm under temperate Srinagar (J and K) Conditions
Authors:   ICAR Research complex for Eastern Region, Patna-800014, Bihar, India, SINGH ANIL KUMAR , SINGH LAL , UPADHYAYA A ,   ICAR Research complex for Eastern Region, Patna-800014, Bihar, India, JEET PAWAN ,   ICAR Research complex for Eastern Region, Patna-800014, Bihar, India, RAMAN ROHAN KUMAR ,   ICAR-Research Complex for Eastern Region, Patna, Bihar, India, RAHMAN A ,   ICAR Research complex for Eastern Region, Patna-800014, Bihar, India, SUNDARAM PK ,   ICAR-Research Complex for Eastern Region, Patna, Bihar, India,   KIRTI SAURABH ICAR-Research Complex for Eastern Region, Patna, Bihar, India, YADAV SK ,   NBPGR New Delhi, JK YASIN ,   NBPGR New Delhi, KUMAR UJJWAL ,   ICAR-Research Complex for Eastern Region, Patna, Bihar, India
Published: July 2021

To know the expression of diversity, their extent and pattern, field evaluations of 119 indigenously collected wheat germplasm were conducted under temperate valley conditions at KD Research Farm of NBPGR, Regional Station Jammu and Kashmir, India, for two consecutive years. All together 14 traits were undertaken. To measure the diversity simple statistical tools like maximum, minimum and standard deviation were taken into account. Correlation study, principal component analysis and cluster analysis were performed. Excellent amount of diversity were expressed by the tested germplasms. Standard deviation showed highest variation in yield deciding factors, i.e., the biomass and gain yield. Correlation studies accord that no. of spikelets / spike had maximum influence with other traits of Kashmir Valley conditions. PCA bi-plot study showed less variation as compare to other traits. Cluster analysis suggested that plant height was significantly correlated with all the traits except no. of spikelets / spike. Excellent amount of diversity were expressed under temperate Kashmir valley conditions by the all the tested wheat germplasms various traits, which can be utilised as donor in the temperate wheat breeding program.
Diversity expresseGenetic variabitity, heritability and genetic advance for yield and yield contributing traits of greengramd by wheat germplasm under temperate Srinagar (J and K) Conditions
Authors:   SHUATS, ALLAHABAD, TAMALAPAKULA TAMALAPAKULA ANUHYA JAYAPRADA , LAVANYA G ROOPA , BABU V RAM , KRISHNA CH NAGA SAI , REDDY T SUDHEER
Published: July 2021

Greengram is an important short duration pulse crop grown extensively throughout India. The productivity is very less when compared to other pulse crops in India and in Uttar Pradesh. Hence, the experiment was conducted with the aim of identifying different genotypes and characters that will be useful in improving its productivity. The present investigation was intended to study the extent of variation, heritability and genetic advance among different characters of greengram in sandy loam soils of Uttar Pradesh in a set of 20 genotypes including check Samrat in randomized block design with three replications during the Kharif, 2017. Observations were recorded for 13 quantitative characters. The genotypes KM11 584, KM11 583, RMG 1030, MH 934, NAVYA and SHARIF were identified as desirable genotypes. Harvest index, biological yield per plant, number of clusters per plant, number of seeds per pod exhibited high GCV, PCV, heritability and genetic advance as percent of mean. Thus priority should be given to these characters during selection in breeding programme for greengram yield improvement.
Assessment of soil fertility under northern light soil area of FCV tobacco in Andhra Pradesh
Authors: K PRASAD LAKKIMSETTI , BINDU J POORNA , REDDY D DAMODAR , RAO C CHANDRASEKHARA , RAVISANKAR H
Published: July 2021

An assessment of soil fertility of Northern Light Soil area of FCV tobacco was carried out to study the status of soil macro and micronutrients. Soils of the study area are mostly moderately acidic in nature with low organic carbon and available nitrogen with a mean value of 0.29 % & 110 kg ha-1, respectively. Available phosphorus was high (88% samples) with a mean value of 92.6 kg ha-1. While the average available potassium content was 297 kg ha-1 with 48 % samples in medium class. Among available micronutrients, the available zinc content in 73 % of samples was very low – low (0.0 to 0.6 ppm).  Whereas the availability of copper in 25 % samples was very low to low as per the fertility class (0.0 - 0.30 ppm).  Available iron (18.8 -35.03 ppm) and manganese (17.03-21.5 ppm) contents were high in the region. Nutrient index of available nitrogen was 1.00 (Low) while, NI was 2.83 (High) & 2.36 (Medium) for available phosphorus and available potassium, respectively.
Exploring possibilities of Potato cultivation in Rice-Fallow of Sikkim
Authors: KUMAR MANOJ , SINGH RAGHAVENDRA , AVASTHE RK , SINGH JK , PATHAK PK , TAMANG BINA
Published: July 2021

Frontline demonstration on potato (Kufri Sindhuri) was conducted by Krishi Vigyan Kendra, East Sikkim, India. A total 158 nos. of demonstration were conducted in rice-fallow (farmers’ practice) at farmer’s field in nine numbers of villages during the year 2019-20. Results revealed that average yield of rice and potato recorded was 2.09 t/ha and 14.13 t/ha, respectively. Higher system rice equivalent yield (REY) was recorded 16.22 t/ha in rice-potato and 2.1 t/ha and rice-fallow system. System production efficiency (SPE) was also higher in rice-potato (62.14 kg/ha/day) as compared to rice-fallow (14.51 kg/ha/day). Land use efficiency (LUE) was recorded 71.51 % and 39.45 % in rice-potato and rice-fallow system, respectively. Net return was found Rs.16032/ha in rice-fallow and Rs.183952/- with rice-potato system during the years of demonstration. Higher benefit to cost (B: C) ratio was found 2.82:1 in rice-potato than in rice-fallow (1.62:1) system. Economic efficiency was also recorded higher in rice -potato (704.80 Rs/ha/day) than rice-fallow (111.33 Rs/ha/day) during the demonstrated year. Hence, it may be concluded that the inclusion of potato in rice -fallow is an option for increasing the additional income of the farmers for their livelihood improvement.
Sistema de indicadores para medir el comportamiento del consumidor del destino turístico Sucre - San Vicente
Authors: Lemoine Quintero Frank Ángel , Villacis Zambrano Lilia Moncerrate , Hernández Rodríguez Norma Rafaela , Panta Ronquillo Daniela Liceth , Castellano Pallerols Graciela
Published: July 2021

El objetivo fue identificar los indicadores de comportamiento del consumidor, que permitan gestionar la sostenibilidad de la actividad turística. Se diseñó un cuestionario de doce preguntas y de cinco escalas para medir niveles de satisfacción de los consumidores en el destino. Los resultados de la encuesta más representativos correspondieron a la variedad de las ofertas turísticas que brindan hoteles y servicios del restaurante, donde un 42,1 % de los encuestados respondieron que es lo esperado, y a la seguridad turística donde el 43,2 % opinaron que es igual a lo esperado denotando un destino seguro. Se conformó un sistema de indicadores a través de la revisión de literatura y se puso a consideración de los expertos para su estimación con la aplicación del método Delphi, donde el coeficiente de concordancia resultó ser de 0,85 valorado de muy bueno. La metodología utilizada evidenció los diez indicadores que contribuirán a un comportamiento del consumidor acorde a las exigencias del destino turístico.
Otras opciones de política monetaria. Un análisis jurídico de las políticas monetarias no convencionales y su posible implementación en la República Dominicana
Authors: Mota Pacheco Francisco A.
Published: July 2021

Este ensayo presenta un análisis jurídico de las políticas monetarias no convencionales aplicadas en respuesta a la crisis financiera de 2008 y la actual crisis económica generada por el Covid-19 en el sistema jurídico monetario de la República Dominicana. Discutimos sobre la implementación de nuevas herramientas para ejecutar la política monetaria, ya que los instrumentos convencionales en situaciones de crisis severas tienden a ser ineficaces. Abordamos los aspectos generales de la política monetaria no convencional: naturaleza y fundamentos; asimismo, examinamos la aplicación de los diferentes instrumentos de política monetaria no convencional por parte de los bancos centrales de las principales economías mundiales en el marco de la crisis financiera de 2008, así como su excelente aplicación en la crisis económica actual. Finalmente, el documento demuestra cómo es posible su implementación en el sistema jurídico dominicano, conforme a la Ley Monetaria y Financiera 183-02, de fecha 3 de noviembre de 2002.
Prevalencia de los desórdenes del desarrollo en un hospital de 3er nivel de Santo Domingo Norte, República Dominicana
Authors: Herrera Morban Demian A. , Colomé-Hidalgo Manuel , Torres Zoila L.
Published: July 2021

Introducción: los desórdenes del desarrollo en pediatría son un conjunto de patologías cuya prevalencia ha aumentado en los últimos años, siendo estimada globalmente 13.3 % de la población mundial pediátrica.

Material y métodos: se realizó un estudio de análisis descriptivo, de corte transversal y recolección de datos retrospectivo desde enero hasta septiembre del 2019 en la base de datos de consulta externa del Hospital Pediátrico Dr. Hugo Mendoza, con el objetivo de establecer la prevalencia de los desórdenes del desarrollo infantil.

Resultados: la prevalencia de desórdenes del desarrollo fue de 21.7/1000 atendidos en el centro, donde prevaleció como causa la epilepsia.

Conclusiones: la prevalencia de los desórdenes del desarrollo es de un 2.17 % de la población pediátrica, siendo el sexo más afectado el masculino, y el trastorno más frecuente la epilepsia.
Transmisión del virus del dengue y su relación con factores climáticos durante los períodos intra e interepidémicos en Santo Domingo, República Dominicana
Authors: Tapia Leandro , Arredondo- Abreu Cesar , Delgadillo Miguel , Ruiz-Matuk Carlos , Paulino-Ramírez Robert
Published: July 2021

Antecedentes: Aedes spp. y la dinámica del virus del dengue está altamente influenciada por factores ambientales. Una relación detallada entre el clima y la enfermedad en los períodos inter e intra-epidémicos podrían beneficiar la vigilancia del dengue para optimizar la preparación y las políticas adecuadas de control de vectores.

Métodos: se analizaron los informes de casos de dengue y las variables climáticas en Santo Domingo, República Dominicana, para determinar la correlación del período 2012-2018 y los diferentes tiempos de retraso. Se llevó a cabo un análisis de regresión de dichas variables para comprender mejor las relaciones entre las tasas de incidencia del dengue y los cambios climáticos.

Resultados: durante los brotes epidémicos, la temperatura (r = 0.73, p <0.001) y la humedad relativa (r = -0.22, p = 0.009) se correlacionan significativamente con la incidencia del dengue con un retraso de 9 semanas, el análisis de regresión muestra que la temperatura media (b = 62.401, p < 0.001), precipitación (b = 2.810, p <0.001) y humedad relativa (b = -5.462, p = 0.025) fueron predictores significativos. Durante los períodos inter-epidémico, la temperatura (r = 0.23, p <0.001) tuvo una correlación significativa con la incidencia del dengue con un retraso de 7 semanas, la humedad relativa (b = 1.454, p <0.05) y la temperatura media (b = 5.14, p <0.01) son predictores significativos de la cantidad de casos de dengue. La precipitación no se correlacionó significativamente con la incidencia del dengue.

Conclusiones: existe una relación no lineal entre los factores climáticos y la incidencia del dengue. La infección por dengue depende del clima, y la temperatura parece jugar un papel importante en los factores climáticos.
Diferencia de presentación del síndrome coronario agudo por género en pacientes llevados al laboratorio de cateterismo en población dominicana: un estudio retrospectivo
Authors: Colón Arias Franklyn A. , Martínez Anthony Gutiérrez , Pereyra Bencosme Kelsie , Mercado Domínguez Aimée , Gutiérrez Lora Francisco , Almonte Casado Maribel , López Luciano José Rafael
Published: July 2021

Introducción: el síndrome coronario agudo (SCA) es una serie de signos y síntomas que se refieren a isquemia miocárdica repentina. Estas condiciones clínicas son Síndrome Coronario agudo sin Elevación del Segmento ST (SCASEST) y Síndrome Coronario Agudo con Elevación del Segmento ST (SCACEST). A nivel mundial hay hallazgos controversiales con respecto a la diferencia de presentación de SCA en hombres y mujeres.

Objetivo: determinar las diferencias en presentación del síndrome coronario agudo según el género en República Dominicana.

Métodos: en este estudio observacional retrospectivo unicéntrico, 3,548 pacientes con SCA llevados al laboratorio de cateterismo fueron observados durante el período de agosto de 2016 a septiembre de 2019.

Resultados: la edad promedio de presentación fue mayor en las mujeres, con una media de 63 años (DE ± 12.2). El SCACEST fue más frecuente en hombres (69.35 %) y la Angina Inestable en mujeres (50.14 %, p <0.0001). Angiográficamente, la enfermedad coronaria multivascular fue más común en hombres y la angiografía coronaria normal en mujeres (41.30 % y 35.37 %, p <0.0001).

Conclusión: dentro de la población dominicana, la mujer tiende a ser mayor al momento de presentación de SCA, con menor tendencia a someterse a intervención coronaria terapéutica.
Perfil del paciente hipertenso con sospecha clínica de apnea obstructiva del sueño en el Centro de Diagnóstico y Medicina Avanzada y de Conferencias Médicas y Telemedicina (CEDIMAT) durante el período enero 2019 – febrero 2020, Santo Domingo, República Dominicana
Authors: Echavarría Uceta Jesús Antonio , Herrera Mercedes Hector
Published: July 2021

Introducción: la apnea obstructiva del sueño es una patología respiratoria caracterizada por paradas de la respiración de forma repetida durante el sueño. Esta patología está relacionada con los trastornos hipertensivos, pudiendo agravarlos.

Objetivo: determinar el perfil de un paciente hipertenso bajo sospecha clínica de apnea obstructiva del sueño en el Centro de Diagnóstico y Medicina Avanzada y de Conferencias Médicas y Telemedicina (CEDIMAT) durante el periodo enero 2019 – febrero 2020.

Material y métodos: se realizó un estudio observacional-descriptivo, transversal con datos retrospectivos. Se estudiaron 38 expedientes clínicos de pacientes hipertensos de la consulta de neumología y que cumplen con criterios de sospecha clínica de apnea obstructiva del sueño.

Resultados: el rango de edad fue de 40-64 años con un 55.26 %. El 66 % son masculinos. 36.84 % son hipertensos grado I mientras que otro 34.21% tienen sus niveles tensionales normales. El 68.41 % son obesos y un 26.32 % están en sobrepeso. 63.16 % se clasifican como IV en la escala de Mallampati.

Conclusión: el perfil de los pacientes hipertensos bajo sospecha clínica de apnea obstructiva del sueño es: sexo masculino, adultez media, obesidad, escala de mallampati categoría IV y el uso de múltiples fármacos en el control de la hipertensión.
Does CSR Disclosure Improve Firm’s Access To Finance And Reduce Firm Risk?
Authors: Saraswati Erwin , Lestari Anastasia Putri , Sagitaputri Ananda
Published: July 2021

This study aims to find how CSR disclosure affects firm’s access to finance and firm risk, using empirical studies. The research uses secondary data from annual report and sustainability report listed in the manufacturing sector in Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). By using the purposive sampling method, a sample of 41 firms was obtained or 164 firm-years from 2015 to 2018. The study measures CSR disclosure by both quantity and quality to reflect the overall comprehensibility of the report. Data analysis is done with multiple linear regression method. The result shows that CSR quantity and quality increase a firm’s access to finance and reduce firm risk. Extensive and high-quality CSR reports are more favourable to investors, fund providers, and the society as a whole. It is because CSR improves a firm’s reputation and reduces agency problem. This supports legitimacy and agency theories. The limitation of this study is that it uses content analysis for CSR measures, so that there is an element of researcher's subjectivity. The results of these findings can be used as a consideration for companies to improve CSR disclosure and policy setting for regulators.
Non-Cash Transaction Implementation In Local Government
Authors: Maulina Vira , Ritonga Irwan Taufiq
Published: July 2021

This research is aimed to analyze the implementation of Non-Cash Transactions (NCT) in Local Government A and Local Government B by using four dimensions of public policy implementation model, namely communication, resources, disposition, and bureaucracy structure. Moreover, this research also identifies the factors which cause the low implementation of NCT in Local Government A when compared to Local Government B. This research uses the qualitative approach with multiple case studies. Researchers hope to see the comparison of NCT implementation in two different local governments to get more comprehensive picture of the effectiveness of NCT implementation in those local governments. Data collection was carried out through in-depth interviews using a semi-structured interview type and reviews on documents related to the implementation of NCT. The research data were analyzed using a thematic analysis and cross case analysis. The result of this study shows that the implementation of NCT in Local Government A was worse when compared to Local Government B. The factors that led to the low implementation of NCT in Local Government A were the lack NCT socialization to the community, limited facilities and infrastructure, weak commitment of the leader, and the absence of reward and punishment mechanisms.
Asset Specificity On Conditional Conservatism
Authors: Waluya Jati Ahmad , Naufal Mohammad , Arisanti Ike , Syam Dhaniel
Published: July 2021

Asset specificity, an asset creates company’s distinctive competency that tough to be imitated by competitor. Howere asset specificity features a direct impact on a firm’s in progress truthful price determination, bankruptcy risk, liquidation value, and abandonment option. On alternative hand, the ownerhip of this quality specificity has serious consequences on finance strategy. Bank faces serious issue to create a correct valuation of specific and opaque asset so bank charges higher value of debt. we discover no distinction within the extent to that good news is delayed in earnings for corporations conditional on asset specificity. This study use 280 non finance service and non agriculture  type listed in IDX on 2018. However The information assortment used documentation technique and also the data analysis utilized was multiple correlation analysis. we have a tendency to document a significant negative association between quality specificity and conditional conservatism especially in Mining, Miscellaneous industry, and good consumer Industry But we notice new findings within the infrastructure sector there's a significant positive impact of specificity Asset specificity on conservatism.
Can Fraud Diamond Affect Fraud Financial Statement In Sharia Commercial Banks?
Authors: Akbar Dinnul Alfian , Africano Fernando , Isrodinata Ridandy
Published: July 2021

This research aims to obtain empirical evidence of the effect of fraud diamond (pressure as proxied by financial stability, opportunity which is proxied by effective monitoring, rationalization which is proxied by total accruals, and proxied capability by change of directors) on financial statement fraud at Islamic Commercial Banks. The population in this study were banking companies that were on the list of Islamic Commercial Banks. Then the sample was taken using purposive sampling technique. The research used logistic regression because the dependent variable is a dummy variable. The results of this research indicate that the pressure variable has no effect on financial statement fraud. Opportunity variable has a negative effect on financial statement fraud. Then, the rationalization variable has a negative effect on financial statement fraud. And the capability variable has no effect on financial statement fraud. The results of this study are expected to be useful for companies, especially banking, as a material for consideration in preventing fraud on financial statements.
SUSPENSION LARGE SPAN ROOFS STRUCTURES IN RUSSIA
Authors: Eremeev Pavel , Vedyakov Ivan , Zvezdov Andrey
Published: July 2021

Сonsidered are large-span structures with suspended roof structures with a span of up to 200 m, erected in Russia over the past 40 years. Among them, there are differen types of structures for covering sports facilities: cablestayed systems, structures of the "bicycle wheel" type, combined systems, thin-sheet metal hanging shells, etc. The main technical characteristics of structures, principles of operation of structures, their advantages and disadvantages are given. The development of technologies in recent decades has determined the emergence of new forms, materials, design and construction methods. Unique large-span structures have an increased level of responsibility; their collapse can lead to severe economic and social consequences. In this regard, it is relevant to analyze the experience in the design and construction of large-span suspended structures.
INTERACTION OF LARGE PILES WITH A MULTILAYER SOIL MASS, TAKING INTO ACCOUNT HARDENING AND SOFTENING
Authors: Ter-Martirosyan Zaven , Ter-Martirosyan Armen , Akuleckiy Aleksandr
Published: July 2021

This article discusses the formulation and solution of the problem of the interaction of a long pile with thesurrounding multilayer and underlying soils, taking into account the rheological properties of the surrounding soil mass. The creep process is considered taking into account hardening and softening. The problem was considered in a linear setting. The solution is presented by analytical method. To describe the creep process, the rheological parameters of hardening and softening were used. An expression is obtained for finding the reduced shear modulus for a multilayer soil mass. A dependence is obtained for determining the force on the pile heel on time, taking into account the rheological parameters of hardening and softening. Analytical solutions in the article are supported by a graphical part. The graphs of the dependence of the settlement of the pile, the force on the heel of the pile cutting through alternating layers, on time for various parameters of viscosity, as well as for variable parameters of hardening and softening are given. The solutions obtained can be used for preliminary determination of the movement of long piles with the surrounding multilayer and underlying soils.
Glucose antimetabolite 2-Deoxy-D-Glucose and its derivative as promising candidates for tackling COVID-19: Insights derived from in silico docking and molecular simulations
Authors: Balkrishna Acharya , Thakur Pallavi , Singh Shivam , Dev Swami , Jain Viney , Varshney Anurag , Sharma Rakesh
Published: July 2021

A novel respiratory pathogen, SARS-CoV-2 has recently received worldwide
attention and has been declared a public health emergency of global
concern. Entry of SARS-CoV-2 is mediated through the viral spike
glycoprotein (S2). Afterwards, the virus gets hold of the host cell
machinery by employing the use of viral main protease 3CLpro and NSP15
endoribonuclease. In the present in silico study, active site mapping of
the viral virulence factors was rendered by means of DoG Site Scorer.
The possibility of repurposing of 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG), a
radio-chemo-modifier drug used for optimizing cancer therapy, and one of
its derivative (1, 3, 4, 6-Tetra-O-acetyl-2-deoxy-D-glucopyranose, has
been investigated by conducting ligand-receptor docking. Binding pose
depictions of ligands and viral receptors were assessed by employing
molecular dynamics analysis. Molinspiration and Toxicity Estimation
Software tools were used to assess the drug likeliness, bioactivity
indices and ADMETox values. 2-DG can dock efficiently with viral main
protease 3CLpro as well as NSP15 endoribonuclease, thus efficiently
inactivating these viral receptors leading to incapacitation of the
SARS-CoV-2 virus. Such incapacitation was possible by means of formation
of a hydrogen bond between 2-DG and proline residues of viral protease.
The 2-DG derivative formed a hydrogen bond with the glutamine amino acid
residues of the viral spike glycoprotein. The present in silico study
supports the potential benefits of using 2-DG and its glucopyranose
derivative as repurposed drugs/prodrugs for mitigating the novel
COVID-19 infection. Since both these moieties present no signs of
serious toxicity, further empirical studies on model systems and human
clinical trials to ascertain effective dose-response are warranted and
should be urgently initiated.
Traveling waves for a nonlocal dispersal SIR epidemic model with the mass action infection mechanism
Authors: Wu Xin , Ma Zhaohai
Published: July 2021

This paper is concerned with a nonlocal dispersal
susceptible–infected–recovered (SIR) epidemic model adopted with the
mass action infection mechanism. We mainly study the existence and
non-existence of traveling waves connecting the infection-free
equilibrium state and the endemic equilibrium state. The main
difficulties lie in the fact that the semiflow generated here does not
admit the order-preserving property. Meanwhile, this new model brings
some new challenges due to the unboundedness of the nonlinear term. We
overcome these difficulties to obtain the boundedness of traveling waves
with the speed $c>c_{\min}$ by some
analysis techniques firstly and then prove the existence of traveling
waves by employing Lyapunov–LaSalle theorem and Lebesgue dominated
convergence theorem. By utilizing a approximating method, we study the
existence of traveling waves with the critical wave speed
$c_{\min}$. Our results on this new model may
provide some implications on disease modelling and controls.
Areas of Endemism of Selected Seed Plants in Southcentral and Southwestern USA
Authors: Saghatelyan Anna
Published: July 2021

Areas of endemism (AEs) are fundamental entities of analysis in
biogeography and a key step for biogeographical regionalization. Even
though many studies have contributed to the biogeographical knowledge of
southern USA flora, no endemicity analysis (EA) has been conducted that
would include a large number of native seed plant species from different
families. A new analysis of plant spatial patterns is important as a
first step for a future updated floristic regionalization of North
America North of Mexico. It has become easier to accomplish owing to the
increased availability of large-scale digitized distributional data and
statistical methods of biogeographic analysis. Here we identify the AEs
in SC/SW USA using digitized plant specimen data available from IDigBio.
We built a database with 81,851-specimen point records of 400 selected
mostly angiosperm species and applied the NDM/VNDM method of endemicity
analysis. We then compare the established 26 AEs in the area of study
with the floristic provinces in two comparatively recent regionalization
systems of USA. To understand the spatial patterns, we also pay
attention to the information on relationships of the endemic species
found in phylogenetic literature.
Visceral obesity enhances inflammatory response after laparoscopic colorectal resection
Authors: Conti Cristian , Pedrazzani Corrado , Turri Giulia , Gecchele Gabriele , Valdegamberi Alessandro , Ruzzenente Andrea , Zamboni Giulia , Lippi Giuseppe , Guglielmi Alfredo
Published: July 2021

Aims: C-reactive protein (CRP) is commonly used for monitoring Surgical
Stress Response (SSR) and detecting post-operative infectious
complications. However, high CRP values can be associated to
patient-related factors independently from complications. The aim of
this study was to assess the relationship between visceral obesity (VO)
and SSR after laparoscopic colorectal resection. Methods: Visceral
adipose tissue (VAT) area was measured at CT images for 357 patients who
underwent elective laparoscopic colorectal resection at our institution.
Post-operative outcomes and CRP values were compared between VO and
non-VO groups, defined according to VAT cut-offs. Univariate and
multivariate analyses were conducted for factors affecting SSR. ROC
curves were constructed to assess the most appropriate CRP values for
identifying infectious complications in the VO and non-VO populations.
Results: In the final cohort, 62.2% of patients were classified as VO.
No differences were seen in post-operative outcomes and infectious
complications. VO was associated with higher CRP values on
post-operative day (POD)1, POD2, POD3, and POD5, considering both the
overall cohort and patients without infectious complications. A positive
correlation was found between VAT and CRP values on all PODs, and VO
independently predicted increased CRP on POD1-3 in patients without
infectious complications but not in those who developed complications.
ROC curves analysis for POD3 CRP showed comparable accuracy for
detection of infectious complications in both groups, though the optimal
cut-off value was higher in VO group (154 vs. 136 mg/dl). Conclusions:
Although VO is not associated to increased complications after
laparoscopic colorectal resection, it independently predicts increased
SSR risk. To achieve accurate identification of infectious
complications, different cut-off values of POD3 CRP shall be used in VO
and non-VO patients.
The effect and mechanism of low intensity focused ultrasound in the treatment of Parkinson's disease
Authors: Long Ling , zhong yunxiao , Cai Xiaodong , Liao Jinchi , Liu Xu , Huang Yiying
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a chronic, progressive,
neurodegenerative disease. A new brain-stimulation method, low-intensity
focused ultrasound (LIFUS), has been shown to improve PD-associated
motor symptoms and permeabilize the blood-brain barrier. LIFUS is
especially attractive due to its non-invasive nature and represents a
treatment option that could be incorporated into the future treatment of
neurodegenerative diseases, including PD. In this paper, we describe the
current state and future outlook of LIFUS for the treatment of PD. We
also focus on the stimulation principles that underly the effects of
LIFUS during PD treatment. The safety and limitations of LIFUS are also
discussed.