bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Indian Counselors’ Comfort and Interventions With Sexuality-Related Concerns
Authors: Gupta Shivangi
Published: January 2019

Sexuality is an important aspect of an individual’s life which is often surrounded by stigma. The lack of acceptability to talk about sexuality creates considerable stress for individuals. Consequently, sexuality concerns present themselves in psychotherapy. In such situations, the counselors’ ability to create a safe environment, develop an empathic understanding, and affirm the client’s identity facilitates competent practice. Counselors’ ability to engage with issues of sexuality may, in turn, be determined by their own comfort. Thus, to understand the quality of counseling available for sexuality concerns, it is primary to study the counselors’ comfort and interventions with these issues. For this exploratory study, self-constructed questionnaires were administered to 31 counselors from Delhi, capital city of India and the National Capital Region (NCR), with a postgraduate degree in psychology and at least a year experience as practicing counselors. Ten case vignettes were presented and the counselors were asked to rate their comfort on a 5-point Likert-type scale and provide three interventions. Descriptive analysis of the Likert-type scale responses was undertaken while the interventions listed were analyzed thematically. The counselors perceived themselves to be very comfortable with sexuality concerns and obtained a mean score of 41.806 out of 50. Counselors’ interventions were reflective of their approach, and some interventions employed could be conceptualized along the affirmative sexuality framework. The counselors listed evidence-based strategies which were influenced by their own theoretical orientation and experience. The counselors varied in their engagement with ethical and legal issues. This study has implications for research, counselor training, and practice.
Matching precision of the reverse contralateral radial head in generating of the individualized prosthesis from the surface registration in tuberosity-neck and in tuberosity-diaphysis
Authors: Luenam Suriya , Vongvanichvathana Adigun , Kosiyatrakul Arkaphat , Kongphanich Chutcharn , Chanpoo Malee , Koonchornboon Tunyarut , Phakdeewisetkul Kantapat , Lohwongwatana Boonrat , Puncreobutr Chedtha
Published: January 2019

Purpose:

Following the radial head replacement, the surface mismatches between the implants and the morphological characteristics of the original proximal radius decreased contact areas and increased contact forces which is potential for the long-term articulating cartilage wear. Several studies demonstrated that the individualized prosthesis, created from computed tomographic (CT) images of the contralateral side with the reverse engineering technology, may reduce the mismatch. The aim of this study is to demonstrate the matching precision of the reverse contralateral head between the surface registration in tuberosity-neck (TN) area and in tuberosity-diaphysis (TD) area.

Materials and Methods:

High-resolution CT scan of 11 pairs of the cadaveric arms was performed. Utilizing advanced image processing techniques, three-dimensional (3-D) models of each specimen was generated. The model of the left side was reversed and matched with the model of the right side in the same cadaver by registering in the area of radial neck along with tuberosity (TN) and in the area of radial tuberosity combined with 2 cm of proximal diaphysis (TD). The alteration of the head diameter, dish diameter, articular depth, head thickness, end-plane angle, offset, and head volume were evaluated and analyzed by paired t-test.

Results:

No statistically significant difference was found in all parameters from both TN and TD registrations ( p < 0.05).

Conclusion:

The surface registration in either TN or TD area can generate the statistically symmetrical 3-D model with the original head. The registration in these areas may possibly be used in creating the individualized radial head prosthesis.
JectOS® versus PMMA vancomycin-loaded cement: The biomechanical and antimicrobial properties
Authors: Singh Vivek Ajit , Wei Chang Chee , Haseeb Amber , Shanmugam Rukmanikanthan , Ju Cindy Shuan
Published: January 2019

Purpose:

Bone cement is commonly used as a void filler for bone defects. Antibiotics can be added to bone cement to increase local drug delivery in eradicating infection. After antibiotic elution, nonbiodegradable material becomes an undesirable agent. The purpose of this study was to evaluate effects of addition of vancomycin on the compressive strength of injectable synthetic bone substitute, JectOS®. JectOS, a partially biodegradable cement that over time dissolves and is replaced by bone, could be potentially used as a biodegradable antibiotic carrier.

Methods:

Vancomycin at various concentrations was added to JectOS and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA). Then, the cement was molded into standardized dimensions for in vitro testing. Cylindrical vancomycin–JectOS samples were subjected to compressive strength. The results obtained were compared to PMMA-vancomycin compressive strength data attained from historical controls. The zone of inhibition was carried out using vancomycin-JectOS and vancomycin-PMMA disk on methicillin-resistant strain culture agar.

Results:

With the addition of 2.5%, 5%, and 10% vancomycin, the average compressive strengths reduced to 8.01 ± 0.95 MPa (24.6%), 7.52 ± 0.71 MPa (29.2%), and 7.23 ± 1.34 MPa (31.9%). Addition of vancomycin significantly weakened biomechanical properties of JectOS, but there was no significant difference in the compressive strength at increasing concentrations. The average diameters of zone of inhibition for JectOS-vancomycin were 24.7 ± 1.44 (2.5%) mm, 25.9 ± 0.85 mm (5%), and 26.8 ± 1.81 mm (10%), which outperformed PMMA.

Conclusion:

JectOS has poor mechanical performance but superior elution property. JectOS-vancomycin cement is suitable as a void filler delivering high local concentration of vancomycin. We recommended using it for contained bone defects that do not require mechanical strength.
Tinnitus Treatment Using Noninvasive and Minimally Invasive Electric Stimulation: Experimental Design and Feasibility
Authors: Zeng Fan-Gang , Richardson Matthew , Tran Phillip , Lin Harrison , Djalilian Hamid
Published: January 2019

Noninvasive transcranial or minimally invasive transtympanic electric stimulation may offer a desirable treatment option for tinnitus because it can activate the deafferented auditory nerve fibers while posing little to no risk to hearing. Here, we built a flexible research interface to generate and control accurately charge-balanced current stimulation as well as a head-mounted instrument capable of holding a transtympanic electrode steady for hours. We then investigated the short-term effect of a limited set of electric stimulation parameters on tinnitus in 10 adults with chronic tinnitus. The preliminary results showed that 63% of conditions of electric stimulation produced some degree of tinnitus reduction, with total disappearance of tinnitus in six subjects in response to at least one condition. The present study also found significant side effects such as visual, tactile, and even pain sensations during electric stimulation. In addition to masking and residual inhibition, neuroplasticity is likely involved in the observed tinnitus reduction. To translate the present electric stimulation into a safe and effective tinnitus treatment option, we need to optimize stimulation parameters that activate the deafferented auditory nerve fibers and reliably suppress tinnitus, with minimal side effects and tolerable sensations. Noninvasive or minimally invasive electric stimulation can be integrated with sound therapy, invasive cochlear implants, or other forms of coordinated stimulation to provide a systematic strategy for tinnitus treatment or even a cure.
An evolutionary perspective on experimental local governance arrangements with local governments and residents in Dutch rural areas of depopulation
Authors: Ubels Hiska , Bock Bettina , Haartsen Tialda
Published: January 2019

Population decline, welfare state reforms and austerity measures pressurise the liveability of rural areas in the Netherlands and call upon local governments and communities to adapt and renew their mode of governance. This paper reports on three Dutch experimental governance arrangements which are analysed through the lens of Evolutionary Governance Theory. The study focuses on how decision-making roles change while these arrangements unfold and how the three municipalities institutionalise these changes in the course of time. The study produces three main conclusions. First, the readiness and preparedness of local governments to shift decision-making roles with citizens proved to be of main influence on governance change. Second, local residents’ commitment importantly affected the progress of the experiments, while social cohesion and tangible outputs strongly influenced the extent and continuity of such commitment. Third, although the arrangements took place in the same period of time and abovementioned context, the level of institutionalisation of shifting roles between government and residents differed among the cases. Certain pathways of evolving decision-making roles seem to be more stable than others. It is in this area that the extent of both formal and informal institutionalisation seems to play an important role.
EGFR as a biomarker of smoking status and survival in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Sivarajah Shanmugappiriya , Kostiuk Morris , Lindsay Cameron , Puttagunta Lakshmi , O'Connell Daniel A. , Harris Jeffrey , Seikaly Hadi , Biron Vincent L.
Published: January 2019

Background

This study aims to investigate EGFR as a prognostic biomarker in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC).

Methods

OPSCC patients from retrospective (1998–2009) and prospective cohorts (2014–2017) were included. Retrospectively collected tumors were used to construct tissue microarrays (TMAs), which were stained with EGFR, p16, DAPI and Pan-cytokeratin, and digitally quantified. EGFR, CDKN2A and HPV E6/7 levels from prospectively collected OPSCC was measured by droplet digital PCR (ddPCR). Biomarkers were compared to patient covariates, factors and survival outcomes.

Results

A total of 249 patients were included retrospectively and 64 patients were enrolled prospectively. p16 status ( p < 0.001), smoking above 10 pack years ( p = 0.04), smoking above 20 pack years ( p < 0.001), total EGFR tumor levels ( p = 0.016), and high EGFR within high or low Ki67 tumor nuclear staining ( p = 0.03) were found to be significant predictors of 5-year disease specific survival (DSS). A Cox proportional hazard model of DSS showed smoking status and eGFR expression to be dependent of each other on predicting 5-year DSS. ddPCR analysis showed a significant association between smoking status and EGFR levels.

Conclusions

Total EGFR tumor levels are predictive of 5-year DSS. EGFR levels correlate with. smoking and could be an objective marker for this disease etiology.
Anxiety scales used in pregnancy: systematic review
Authors: Sinesi Andrea , Maxwell Margaret , O'Carroll Ronan , Cheyne Helen
Published: January 2019

Background

Anxiety disorders and self-reported symptoms are highly prevalent in pregnancy. Despite their negative impact on maternal and child outcomes, uncertainty remains regarding which symptoms can be considered accurate indicators of antenatal anxiety.

Aims

To examine and synthesise the evidence in relation to the psychometric properties and content of self-report scales used to detect anxiety symptoms in pregnant women.

Method

A systematic search was carried out and the methodological quality of all included studies was assessed. Only those achieving a rating of good or excellent were considered in a synthesis of the best available evidence.

Results

Several anxiety symptoms and domains were identified as promising for screening for general antenatal anxiety and pregnancy-related anxiety, including elevated levels of worry, symptoms of panic, fear of childbirth and excessive worries about the baby's health.

Conclusions

This review contributes to the existing knowledge by identifying a number of anxiety symptoms that can be considered psychometrically robust indicators of antenatal anxiety.

Declaration of interest

None.
Putting Integrative Oncology Into Practice: Concepts and Approaches
Authors: Latte-Naor Shelly , Mao Jun J.
Published: January 2019

Unmet symptom needs and a desire for holistic health approaches or even cure are among the motivations patients have for seeking out complementary and alternative medicine. Using complementary and alternative medicine instead of conventional cancer treatment can have a negative impact on clinical outcomes and survival. Integrative oncology is a patient-centered, evidence-informed field of comprehensive cancer care that uses mind-body practices, natural products, and lifestyle modifications from different traditions alongside conventional cancer treatments. It prioritizes safety and best available evidence to offer appropriate therapeutic interventions along with conventional care. This review summarizes the underlying principles of integrative oncology and how it is distinct from alternative medicine, and it provides a practical guide for the effective application of evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine interventions in patient-centered care. In addition, we recommend resources for patients and clinicians and provide algorithms for appropriate integrative medicine referrals. Finally, we offer suggestions on developing and implementing an integrative oncology program and addressing current challenges in the field.
Distinct roles and requirements forRaspathway signaling in visceral versus somatic muscle founder specification
Authors: Zhou Yiyun , Popadowski Sarah E. , Deustchman Emily , Halfon Marc S.
Published: January 2019

Pleiotropic signaling pathways must somehow engender specific cellular responses. In the Drosophila mesoderm, Ras pathway signaling specifies muscle founder cells from among the broader population of myoblasts. For somatic muscles, this is an inductive process mediated by the ETS-domain downstream Ras effectors Pointed and Aop (Yan). We demonstrate here that for the circular visceral muscles, despite superficial similarities, a significantly different specification mechanism is at work. Not only is visceral founder cell specification not dependent on Pointed or Aop, but Ras pathway signaling in its entirety can be bypassed. Our results show that de-repression, not activation, is the predominant role of Ras signaling in the visceral mesoderm and that accordingly, Ras signaling is not required in the absence of repression. The key repressor acts downstream of the transcription factor Lameduck and is likely a member of the ETS transcription factor family. Our findings fit with a growing body of data that point to a complex interplay between the Ras pathway, ETS transcription factors, and enhancer binding as a critical mechanism for determining unique responses to Ras signaling.
Inhibition of Notch signaling by the p105 and p180 subunits of Drosophila chromatin assembly factor 1 is required for follicle cell proliferation
Authors: Lo Pang-Kuo , Huang Yi-Chun , Corcoran David , Jiao Renjie , Deng Wu-Min
Published: January 2019

Chromatin assembly factor 1 (CAF1), a histone chaperone that mediates the deposition of histone H3/H4 onto newly synthesized DNA, is involved in Notch signaling activation during Drosophila wing imaginal disc development. Here, we report another side of CAF1, wherein the subunits CAF1-p105 and CAF1-p180 (also known as CAF1-105 and CAF1-180, respectively) inhibit expression of Notch target genes and show this is required for proliferation of Drosophila ovarian follicle cells. Loss-of-function of either CAF1-p105 or CAF1-p180 caused premature activation of Notch signaling reporters and early expression of the Notch target Hindsight (Hnt, also known as Pebbled), leading to Cut downregulation and inhibition of follicle cell mitosis. Our studies further show Notch is functionally responsible for these phenotypes observed in both the CAF1-p105- and CAF1-p180-deficient follicle cells. Moreover, we reveal that CAF1-p105- and CAF1-p180-dependent Cut expression is essential for inhibiting Hnt expression in follicle cells during their mitotic stage. These findings together indicate a novel negative-feedback regulatory loop between Cut and Hnt underlying CAF1-p105 and CAF-p180 regulation, which is crucial for follicle cell differentiation. In conclusion, our studies suggest CAF1 plays a dual role to sustain cell proliferation by positively or negatively regulating Drosophila Notch signaling in a tissue-context-dependent manner.
Configural learning: a higher form of learning inLymnaea
Authors: Swinton Cayley , Swinton Erin , Shymansky Tamila , Hughes Emily , Zhang Jack , Kakadiya Cailin Rothwell Mili , Lukowiak Ken
Published: January 2019

Events typically occur in a specific context and the ability to assign importance to this occurrence plays a significant role in memory formation and recall. When the scent of a crayfish predator (CE) is encountered in Lymnaea strains known to be predator-experienced (e.g. the W-strain), enhancement of memory formation and depression of feeding occurs, which are part of a suite of anti-predator behaviours. We hypothesized that Lymnaea possess a form of higher-order conditioning, namely configural learning. We tested this by simultaneously exposing W-strain Lymnaea to a carrot food-odour (CO) and predator scent (CE). Two hours later we operantly conditioned these snails with a single 0.5h training session in CO to determine whether training in CO results in long-term memory (LTM). In W-strain snails two 0.5h training sessions are required to cause LTM formation. A series of control experiments followed and demonstrated that only the CO+CE snails trained in CO had acquired enhanced memory forming ability. Additionally, following CE+CO pairing, CO no longer elicited an increased feeding response. Hence, snails have the ability to undergo configural learning. Following configural learning, CO becomes risk-signaling and evokes behavioural responses phenotypically similar to those elicited by exposure to CE.
Antioxidant response to acute cold exposure and following recovery in juvenile Chinese soft-shelled turtles, Pelodiscus sinensis
Authors: Chen Bo-jian , Zhang Wen-yi , Niu Cui-juan , Li Wen-jie , Jia Hui , Storey Kenneth B.
Published: January 2019

The antioxidant defense protects turtles from oxidative stress caused by adverse environment conditions, such as acute thermal fluctuations. However, how these defenses work remains unclear. The present study examined changes in key enzymes of the enzymatic antioxidant system and the glutathione (GSH) system at both the mRNA and enzyme activity levels during acute cold exposure and following recovery in juvenile Chinese soft-shelled turtles, Pelodiscus sinensis. Transcript levels of the upstream regulator NF-E2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) were also measured. Turtles were acclimated at 28oC (3 wks), then given acute cold exposure (8oC, 12 h) and finally placed in recovery (28oC, 24 h). The mRNA levels of cerebral and hepatic Nrf2 and of downstream antioxidant enzyme genes did not change, whereas nephric Nrf2, Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) and glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPx4) mRNAs decreased in cold exposure. During recovery, Nrf2 mRNA remained stable in all three tissues, hepatic Cu/ZnSOD, MnSOD and catalase (CAT) mRNA levels increased, and nephric MnSOD and GPx4 mRNAs did not change from the values during cold exposure. In the GSH system, mRNA levels of most enzymes remained constant during cold exposure and recovery. Unmatched with changes in mRNA level, high and stable constitutive antioxidant enzyme activities were maintained throughout whereas GPx activity significantly reduced in kidney during cold exposure and in liver and kidney during recovery. Our results suggest that the antioxidant defense regulation in response to acute cold exposure in P. sinensis may not be achieved at the transcriptional level, but may rely mainly on high constitutive antioxidant enzyme activities.
Increased sensitivity in near infrared hyperspectral imaging by enhanced background noise subtraction
Authors: Mehl Torbjørn , Wyller Guro , Burud Ingunn , Olsen Espen
Published: January 2019

Near infrared hyperspectral photoluminescence imaging of crystalline silicon wafers can reveal new knowledge
on the spatial distribution and the spectral response of radiative recombination active defects in the material. The
hyperspectral camera applied for this imaging technique is subject to background shot noise as well as to oscillating
background noise caused by temperature fluctuations in the camera chip. Standard background noise subtraction methods
do not compensate for this oscillation. Many of the defects in silicon wafers lead to photoluminescence emissions with
intensities that are one order of magnitude lower than the oscillation in the background noise level. These weak signals are
therefore not detected. In this work, we demonstrate an enhanced background noise subtraction scheme that accounts
for temporal oscillations as well as spatial differences in the background noise. The enhanced scheme drastically
increases the sensitivity of the camera and hence allows for detection of weaker signals. Thus, it may be useful to
implement the method in all hyperspectral imaging applications studying weak signals.
A Coevolution Model of Network Structure and User Behavior: The Case of Content Generation in Online Social Networks
Authors: Bhattacharya Prasanta , Phan Tuan Q. , Bai Xue , Airoldi Edoardo M.
Published: January 2019

With the rapid growth of online social network sites (SNSs), it has become imperative for platform owners and online marketers to quantify what factors drive content production on these platforms. Previous research identified challenges in modeling these factors statistically using observational data, where the key difficulty is the inability of conventional methods to disentangle the effects of network formation and network influence on content generation from the subsequent feedback effect of newly generated content on network structure. In this paper, we adopt and enhance an actor-oriented continuous-time statistical model that enables the joint estimation of the coevolution of the users’ social network structure and of the amount of content they produce, using a Markov chain Monte Carlo–based simulation approach. Specifically, we offer a method to analyze nonstationary and continuous-time behavioral data, typically recorded in social media ecosystems, in the presence of network effects and other observable and unobservable user-specific covariates. The proposed method can help disentangle network effects of interest from feedback effects on the network. We apply our model to social network and public posting data over six months to find that (1) users tend to connect with others that have similar posting behavior; (2) however, after doing so, these users tend to diverge in their posting behavior, and (3) peer influence effects are sensitive to the strength of the posting behavior. More broadly, the proposed method provides researchers and practitioners with a statistically rigorous approach to analyze network effects in observational data. Our results lead to insights and recommendations for SNS platform owners on how to sustain an active and viable community.

The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/isre.2018.0790 .
O CAMPO DA ALIMENTAÇÃO E NUTRIÇÃO: UM ENSAIO SOBRE A EXPANSÃO DOS CURSOS DE GRADUAÇÃO EM NUTRIÇÃO NO CENÁRIO ATUAL DA UNIVERSIDADE BRASILEIRA
Authors: Machado Paula , Carvalho Maria Claudia Veiga Soares , Ferreira Francisco Romão
Published: January 2019

A profissão de nutricionista está inserida na lógica das políticas de Estado, que envolve um jogo de interesses econômicos, sociais e políticos. Uma grande expansão nos cursos de graduação tem sido observada no país, principalmente nas instituições de ensino privado. O sistema universitário foi incorporado pela economia de mercado capitalista global, e a Alimentação e Nutrição, como campo científico, vem se desenvolvendo nesse cenário. O presente ensaio tem por objetivo discutir a expansão dos cursos de graduação em Nutrição no momento atual das instituições de ensino superior e seus impactos sobre a formação do nutricionista. Uma pesquisa analítica e crítica foi desenvolvida a partir de análise documental, identificando elementos de um jogo simbólico que perpassa essa trajetória, orientando o processo de análise. Verificamos acelerada expansão das instituições de ensino superior com fins lucrativos no Brasil, que apresentou impactos no campo da Alimentação e Nutrição, tanto na expansão dos cursos de graduação em Nutrição quanto no modelo de ensino profissionalizante adotado voltado a atender aos interesses econômicos.DOI: 10.12957/demetra.2018.25310
AVALIAÇÃO DO CONSUMO DE ALIMENTOS LÁCTEOS COMO FONTE DE CÁLCIO POR ESCOLARES NO MUNICÍPIO DE AGUDO-RS
Authors: Wasielewski Milena , Assmann Poll Fabiana
Published: January 2019

Objetivo: Avaliar a frequência do consumo de alimentos lácteos como fonte de cálcio e os comportamentos associados a esse consumo. Metodologia: Trata-se de estudo transversal realizado em uma escola pública do município de Agudo-RS, com adolescentes estudantes do 4º, 5º e 6º anos do ensino fundamental. A coleta de dados se deu através de um Questionário de Frequência Alimentar (QFA) composto por uma lista de alimentos lácteos. Resultados: Participaram 32 escolares. Referiram não consumir nenhuma porção de lácteos por dia 31,3% dos escolares; 15,6% consomem uma porção e 53,1% consomem duas ou mais porções, não havendo diferença estatística significativa entre os sexos. Em relação ao café da manhã, 43,7% dos estudantes referem realizá-lo diariamente, sendo esse percentual maior no sexo masculino. Entre os produtos adicionados ao leite, os mais citados foram achocolatado (68,8%), seguido do café (59,4%). O consumo regular de refrigerantes foi relatado por 59,4% dos adolescentes, e os sucos artificiais por 53,1%. Discussão: A omissão do café da manhã e o alto consumo de bebidas açucaradas são fatores que podem contribuir para um menor consumo de laticínios, interferindo negativamente na ingestão de cálcio. Conclusão: O consumo de alimentos lácteos como fonte de cálcio mostrou-se mais prevalente para duas ou mais porções/dia, não havendo diferença significativa de consumo entre os sexos. A realização do café da manhã foi mais frequente entre adolescentes do sexo masculino. Observou-se elevado consumo de bebidas açucaradas, que podem ser considerados substitutos dos lácteos na rotina dos adolescentes.DOI: 10.12957/demetra.2018.32052
PRÁTICAS ALIMENTARES DE AGRICULTORES FAMILIARES NO MUNICÍPIO DE PETRÓPOLIS-RJ
Authors: Silva Nichole Ramos da , Oliveira Aline Gaudard e Silva de
Published: January 2019

Objetivo: Identificar práticas de consumo e comportamento alimentar saudáveis e não saudáveis de agricultores familiares do bairro Caxambu, no município de Petrópolis-RJ. Metodologia: Trata-se de estudo transversal realizado com amostra de 35 agricultores familiares. Informações foram obtidas por meio de entrevistas, utilizando um questionário estruturado e padronizado. As práticas alimentares foram avaliadas a partir dos itens do questionário utilizado pelo SISVAN associados às frequências de consumo do questionário utilizado pelo VIGITEL. Resultados e Discussão: O consumo de alimentos saudáveis (frutas, legumes e verduras), com exceção do feijão, foi baixo, e o consumo de alimentos não saudáveis, consideravelmente alto, quando comparados com outros estudos. Além disso, quase metade dos agricultores entrevistados possui o hábito de realizar as refeições assistindo TV, mexendo no celular e/ou computador, o que é considerado um comportamento de risco para o desenvolvimento da obesidade. Conclusões: Os agricultores familiares do Caxambu possuem práticas alimentares que merecem atenção, pois apesar do fácil acesso a alimentos saudáveis, foram encontrados baixa ingestão de frutas, legumes e verduras e elevado consumo de alimentos não saudáveis, como as bebidas adoçadas e embutidos. Evidencia-se a necessidade de realizar ações voltadas para a melhoria do perfil alimentar, da saúde e qualidade de vida dos agricultores familiares.DOI: 10.12957/demetra.2018.34989
MANEJO DO EXCESSO DE PESO EM MULHERES NA ATENÇÃO PRIMÁRIA
Authors: Lopes Aline Cristine Souza , Mendonça Raquel De Deus , Menezes Mariana Carvalho , Horta Paula Martins , Dos Santos Luana Caroline
Published: January 2019

Objetivo: Comparar duas estratégias de redução ponderal em mulheres com excesso de peso, pautadas na prática regular de exercícios físicos e educação alimentar e nutricional, em serviços da Atenção Primária à Saúde. Metodologia: Realizou-se ensaio comunitário controlado não randomizado durante dez meses com mulheres ≥ 20 anos com excesso de peso. O grupo controle incluiu mulheres que praticavam exercícios físicos e tinham acompanhamento nutricional coletivo; e o grupo intervenção, por aquelas que participaram destas atividades somadas ao aconselhamento nutricional individual. Resultados: Foram avaliadas 52 mulheres (grupo intervenção: 26; grupo controle: 26) com cerca de 50 anos e média de índice de massa corporal de 30kg/m². Após a intervenção nutricional, mulheres do grupo intervenção apresentaram redução do peso (p=0,002), do índice de massa corporal (p=0,002) e da circunferência da cintura (p=0,005). Não houve alterações significativas no grupo controle. Conclusão: O acompanhamento nutricional individual associado ao coletivo e à prática de exercícios físicos possibilitou a melhoria no perfil antropométrico das mulheres, reforçando a necessidade da integração das ações de serviços de saúde para o efetivo manejo do excesso de peso.DOI: 10.12957/demetra.2018.36566
A REVIEW OF SUSTAINABILITY OF URBAN DRAINAGE SYSTEM: TRAITS AND CONSEQUENCES / REVISÃO DA SUSTENTABILIDADE DE UM SISTEMA DE DRENAGEM URBANA: CARACTERÍSTICAS E CONSEQÜÊNCIAS
Authors: Dibaba Wakjira Takala
Published: January 2019

The negative effect of domestic effluents on the quantity and quality of water and urban amenities makes increasingly imperative to establish sustainable drainage systems in cities. Therefore, for a better plan and sustainable development of a town, it is highly imperative for environmentalists, hydrologists, land use planners and for storm and wastewater management to analyze the existing drainage system and predict the environmental responses to the discharges of urban drainage system. This study has analyzed the existing drainage system of Jimma city (Ethiopia) and identified the major factors contributing to the poor drainage performance. Jimma population growth has been increasing the problems caused by the uncontrolled release of domestic effluents and urban solid waste, with increasingly damaging consequences for the environmental quality, social wellness and economy of the city. With the intensification of Jimma development, surface water discharges from developed areas and uncontrolled wastes are being increasingly released, affecting social, environmental and economic state of the city. Lack of proper functioning drainage infrastructure, uncontrolled waste disposal, lack of periodic inspection and maintenance, poor connection of drainage networks and roads and carelessness led to the failure of the existing drainage system. These conditions caused drainage blockages, resulting in overflows and floods, leading to less and less attractive conditions in the city and making some places unfit to be inhabited. ResumoO efeito negativo dos efluentes domésticos sobre a quantidade e a qualidade da água e o bem estar urbano torna cada vez mais imperioso o estabelecimento de sistemas sustentáveis de drenagem. Por isso, a análise do sistema de drenagem existente e a previsão das respostas ambientais às descargas urbanas são altamente imperativas tendo em vista um melhor planejamento e desenvolvimento sustentável de uma cidade. Este estudo analisou o sistema de drenagem da cidade de Jimma (Etiópia) e identificou os principais fatores que contribuem para o seu mau funcionamento. O crescimento populacional de Jimma tem vindo a ampliar os problemas causados pela libertação descontrolada de efluentes domésticos e resíduos sólidos urbanos, com consequências cada vez mais nefastas para a qualidade ambiental, para o bem estar social e a economia da cidade. O funcionamento inadequado da infraestrutura de drenagem, o descarte descontrolado de resíduos sólidos urbanos e a falta de inspeção e manutenção periódicas, a conexão deficiente de redes de drenagem e estradas e o descuido conduziram á inoperância do sistema de drenagem existente. Estas condições causaram bloqueios de drenagem, resultando em transbordamentos e inundações, tornando a cidade cada vez menos atrativa e tornando alguns locais impróprios para ser habitados.
AMMONIA-ELPHIDIUM INDEX AS A PROXY FOR MARINE POLLUTION ASSESSMENT, NORTHEAST BRAZIL / O uso do índice Ammonia-Elphidium como proxy para a avaliação da poluição marinha do nordeste brasileiro
Authors: Pregnolato Leonardo Antonio , Viana Rayssa De Almeida , Passos Camila Cunha , Misailidis Maria Laura , Duleba Wânia
Published: January 2019

The Ammonia-Elphidium Index (IAE) allows to assess the oxygenation levels of coastal regions. Both genera used in this index are resistant to oxygen reduction conditions. The genus Ammonia has a greater resistance than the genus Elphidium to low oxic conditions, and both are abundant in the coastal zones, which makes possible the use of this index to access the impact caused by organic matter pollution in these regions. Hence, this index has been used in the literature to study polluted regions by large contribution of organic carbon. The Petrobras Polo Atalaia Production complex is responsible for the outfall of treated petrochemical effluents, called PAP-1, which introduce pollutants in the coastal area of Sergipe State, northeast Brazil. In view of the environmental complexity of the region, the objectives of this work were: 1) to analyze the dimension and diversity of living foraminifera assemblages in surface sediment samples collected in February 2014 around the Sergipe-Mar Subsea Outfall of Active Production (SMP); and 2) to apply the Ammonia-Elphidium index in this region as a proxy of environmental impact. The results allowed to evaluate the impact caused by the contribution of the effluents released by the SMP outfall of the Petrobras Polo Atalaia Production complex and their influence on the density and diversity of living benthic foraminifera in the study area. ResumoO índice de Ammonia-Elphidium (IAE) permite avaliar os níveis de oxigenação das regiões costeiras. Ambos os gêneros são resistentes às condições de redução de oxigênio. O gênero Ammonia apresenta uma resistência maior que o gênero Elphidium à escasses de oxigénio, sendo ambos abundantes em zonas costeiras, o que possibilita a utilização deste indice na avaliação do impacto causado pela poluição por matéria orgânica nessas regiões. O complexo denominado Polo Atalaia, da Petrobras, é responsável pelo emissário de efluentes petroquímicos tratados, denominado PAP-1, o qual é responsável pela introdução de poluentes na zona costeira do Estado do Sergipe, no nordeste brasileiro. Diante da complexidade ambiental da região, os objetivos deste trabalho foram: 1) analisar os foraminíferos da região situada ao redor do emissário submarino do ativo de Produção Sergipe-Mar (PSM), coletados em fevereiro de 2014; e 2) calcular o índice Ammonia-Elphidium. Os resultados permitiram avaliar o impacto causado pelo aporte de efluentes e sua influência na densidade e diversidade de foraminíferos bentônicos na área estudada.
INCONSTITUCIONALIDADE DA DISPENSA ECONÔMICA DE REMESSA NECESSÁRIA DO CPC/2015: INTERESSE PÚBLICO, RAZOABILIDADE E PACTO FEDERATIVO
Authors: Mascarenhas Caio Gama
Published: January 2019

Esse trabalho analisa a constitucionalidade das dispensas de remessa necessária do §3° do artigo 496 do Código de Processo Civil (lei federal n. 13.105/2015), sob o aspecto do interesse público, igualdade material, pacto federativo, autonomia financeira e competências legislativas da União, Estados, Distrito Federal e municípios. Adicionalmente, faz-se um estudo de proposições legislativas para otimizar a remessa necessária e suas dispensas.
INCIDENTE DE RESOLUÇÃO DE DEMANDAS REPETITIVAS (IRDR)
Authors: Zaneti Junior Hermes , Cardoso Juliana Provedel , Hernández José Ángel Cornielles
Published: January 2019

O Código de Processo Civil brasileiro de 2015 reconheceu a necessidade de criar um modelo próprio para as demandas que contém questões jurídicas repetitivas ao consolidar o julgamento de casos repetitivos, no qual se encontra o incidente de resolução de demandas repetitivas. O ordenamento jurídico venezuelano, que padece dos contratempos próprios de uma litigância de massa, não conta com um procedimento para atender às questões repetitivas como existe no Brasil, mesmo quando as demandas que contêm questões repetitivas sejam comuns para esses ordenamentos, com a ressalva que no Brasil se promovem mecanismos processuais para conferir tutela adequada, tempestiva e efetiva aos direitos dos cidadãos, frente à identidade nas pretensões propostas perante os tribunais. A experiência brasileira adquirida a partir do CPC de 2015 com esses mecanismos constituem um exemplo que não pode deixar de ser observado por ordenamentos como o venezuelano, visto que, definitivamente, trata-se de problemas comuns que precisam de propostas inovadoras para a tutela dos direitos das pessoas.
GESTÃO DE CONFLITOS NOS ESTADOS UNIDOS E NO BRASIL
Authors: Gajardoni Fernando Da Fonseca
Published: January 2019

O presente texto apresenta um comparativo entre o sistema de gerenciamento de conflitos nas cortes federais norte-americanas (Court Management e Case Management) com o modelo de gestão de conflitos do direito processual civil brasileiro, especialmente após o advento do Novo Código de Processo Civil (Lei 13.105/2015)
Pretensão à segurança da prova e produção antecipada da prova diante da urgência: uma grave confusão conceitual mantida pelo Código de Processo Civil
Authors: Raatz Igor
Published: January 2019

O presente ensaio, diante do problema relativo à extinção do processo cautelar, visa a averiguar se, no atual sistema procedimental civil brasileiro, ainda é possível e necessário falar de uma pretensão à asseguração da prova. Como hipótese principal de trabalho, tem-se que a tutela cautelar de asseguração da prova permanece viva, sendo ainda crucial distingui-la da pretensão à produção antecipada da prova – com ou sem o requisito da urgência. Os objetivos que se pretende alcançar são, basicamente, os seguintes: traçar um perfil histórico-evolutivo da pretensão à segurança da prova e da pretensão à constituição antecipada da prova (em caráter autônomo e satisfativo), verificar se subsiste no atual sistema processual a pretensão à segurança da prova e, por fim, os aspectos procedimentais gerais para a dedução e tutela da referida pretensão diante da abolição do “processo cautelar”. Para tanto, será utilizado o método histórico e comparativo, realizando-se uma análise do desenvolvimento histórico do tema, bem como uma crítica do modo como foi tratado pelo atual Código de Processo Civil brasileiro.
O PRINCÍPIO GERAL DA PROGRESSIVIDADE NO SISTEMA TRIBUTÁRIO NACIONAL / THE GENERAL STANDARD OF PROGRESSIVITY AT NATIONAL TAX SYSTEM
Authors: Colares Laís Gramacho
Published: January 2019

A progressividade tributária é, muitas vezes, concebida como regra ou técnica de tributação restrita a alguns impostos, conforme se verifica, inclusive, da sua previsão na CF/88. No entanto, ao interpretar o Sistema Tributário Nacional integrado com os objetivos fundamentais da República Federativa do Brasil, pode-se identificar que a progressividade é um princípio geral do Sistema, decorrente da própria função dos tributos. Deve, assim, ser concebido como uma pauta a ser concretizada, sistematicamente, na maior medida possível.
Near Miss Materno: vivência dos enfermeiros obstetras em maternidades de referência
Authors: Reis Caroline Lima dos , Santana Catarine Albuquerque , Prado Lourivânia Oliveira Melo , Bocardi Maria Inês Brandão , Menezes Max Oliveira , Mendes Rosemar Barbosa
Published: January 2019

Near Miss Materno (NMM) é definido como uma mulher que quase morreu, mas sobreviveu à complicações que ocorreram durante a gravidez, parto ou até 42 dias após o fim da gestação. Nesse contexto, ressalta-se que a assistência de enfermagem para essas mulheres é complexa e, como tal, comporta inúmeras necessidades para o desenvolvimento do cuidado. A dinâmica entre os profissionais, a condição dos pacientes e a utilização de inúmeras tecnologias demandam da enfermagem conhecimentos de ordens diversas, potencializando a assistência prestada e maximizando processos efetivos de trabalho e cuidado. Esse estudo objetiva caracterizar a caracterizar a vivência do Near Miss Materno por enfermeiros obstetras atuantes nas maternidades de referência de Aracaju/Sergipe. Trata-se de um estudo exploratório, descritivo com abordagem quantitativa. Adotou-se uma amostra não probabilística intencional, a qual foi composta por 25 enfermeiros obstetras das maternidades de referência em Aracaju/SE. Os dados foram analisados de forma descritiva e analítica por meio do R-project (versão 3.4.2). A caracterização socioprofissional dos enfermeiros foi caracterizado por predomínio de idade entre 30 a 39 anos em início de carreira profissional, desenvolvimento de 40 a 60 horas semanais de trabalho e vínculo celetista. As situações de NMM foram vivenciadas por 76% desses profissionais, 56% tiveram sentimentos positivos frente a assistência desenvolvida. Os voluntários possuem vivência sobre NMM decorrente da prática profissional. No entanto, é preciso educação continuada, aumentar produção científica e exploração da temática na matriz curricular da pós-graduação.
Supporting EAL learners in your classroom
Authors: Parsons Emma
Published: January 2019

Continuing our series on supporting learners with English as an additional language, Emma Parsons recommends strategies and resources for teachers and support staff to use in class and offers her suggestions for CPD and sharing good EAL practice within your school
Making job-sharing work
Authors: Cafferty Caroline
Published: January 2019

How can flexible working conditions, such as job-shares, improve the recruitment and retention of teachers? Caroline Cafferty speaks to headteacher Angela Pagett to get her perspective on job-sharing in a primary school setting
School accountability in England: A critique
Authors: Grayson Hilary
Published: January 2019

No school accountability system is perfect, but will mooted changes to inspection in England tackle some of the unintended consequences that school leaders face? Hilary Grayson draws some lessons from international practice
The rising tide of sensory troubles
Authors: Grace Joanna
Published: January 2019

In a three-part series for Headteacher Update, inclusion specialist Joanna Grace addresses the sensory challenges that many pupils face, the resulting behaviours we may see in schools, and how teachers should handle these problems
Building early foundations
Authors: Hunt Emily
Published: January 2019

When should we introduce the STEM approach and how can we maintain children's engagement with STEM throughout their education? Emily Hunt offers teachers some advice
Trueness Evaluation and Verification of Interassay Agreement of 11 Serum IgA Measuring Systems: Implications for Medical Decisions
Authors: Braga Federica , Infusino Ilenia , Frusciante Erika , Ceriotti Ferruccio , Panteghini Mauro
Published: January 2019

BACKGROUND

To identify an IgA deficiency, the availability of reliable IgA lower reference limits is essential, especially in pediatrics. In this study, we reported the results of an intercomparison study aimed to verify the status of standardization of IgA measurements using 11 commercially available measuring systems (MSs).

METHODS

After confirming its commutability, the ERM-DA470k/IFCC reference material was used for the trueness evaluation of IgA MSs. Furthermore, the interassay agreement was verified using 18 patient pools. By combining the bias, if any, between the obtained mean of ERM-DA470k/IFCC and its target value and the mean imprecision of MSs with the uncertainty of respective calibrators, we also estimated the mean uncertainty (U) of IgA measurements on clinical samples.

RESULTS

Although the majority of IgA MSs were sufficiently aligned with each other, the bias against the ERM-DA470k/IFCC target value was unacceptable in 55% of cases. This bias resulted in an excessive U of IgA measurement on clinical samples. Importantly, when the analysis focused on the lower IgA concentrations—typical of children—the situation worsened, with only 4 MSs showing good equivalence.

CONCLUSIONS

Although the harmonization among most commercially available IgA MSs is good, the implementation of traceability to higher order references is inadequate, especially at concentrations ≤0.7 g/L. This analytical background information needs to be considered carefully when defining traceable reference intervals in the pediatric population.
Adenda mas não Corrigenda ao catálogo “Sócios portugueses da RSL”
Authors: Do Amaral A. E. Maia
Published: January 2019

O nome de Gaspar de Meres (de Sousa), na qualidade de sócio da Royal Society de Londres, não foi lembrado no catálogo de uma exposição realizada pela Biblioteca Geral, em 2010. Este apontamento visa colmatar essa falta e passar em revista os critérios usados naquela ocasião.
A key to the genera and subgenera of stingless bees in Indonesia (Hymenoptera: Apidae)
Authors: Engel Michael S. , Kahono Sih , Peggie Djunijanti
Published: January 2019

Indonesia harbors the greatest diversity of social bees in all of Asia, particularly of the stingless bees (Apidae: Apinae: Meliponini). Presently, 46 species of stingless bees are known across Indonesia although records are not comprehensive and additional diversity is likely present across the region.  All of the known Asiatic genera of Meliponini occur in Indonesia, making this region a critical center of modern stingless bee biodiversity in Asia. Presented here is an illustrated key to the genera and subgenera of Indonesian stingless bees, as an aid to the general identification, study, and conservation of these critical pollinators.
Educação Empreendedora pela Experiência: O Caso do Festival de Artes Empreendedoras em Itabaiana
Authors: Araujo Gracyanne Freire de , Davel Eduardo Paes Barreto
Published: January 2019

O objetivo deste caso para ensino é suscitar uma aprendizagem sobre: a) a importância da educação empreendedora na formação profissional e no ensino superior; b) como formar educadores com sensibilidade e consciência para as necessidades e particularidades do empreendedorismo; e c) como desenvolver uma reflexão crítica sobre as pedagogias da educação empreendedora. O caso retrata a experiência de estudantes de graduação em Administração ao longo de um componente curricular na Universidade Federal de Sergipe voltado para o empreendedorismo cultural. O caso é baseado em uma pesquisa qualitativa (entrevistas, observações e documentos) de quatro componentes curriculares voltados para a educação empreendedora pela experiência ao longo de dois anos. Recorrentemente, professor e estudantes combinam teoria, prática e reflexão, o que provoca uma discussão sobre os desafios pedagógicos e experiencias da educação empreendedora.