bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nuclear Factor-Kappa B in Gliomas as a Predictive Factor for Tumor Recurrence – A Clinicopathological Study
Authors: Sayed Basant H. , Gabal Samia M. , Abdalaziz Ahmed M. , El-Kareem Dalia Abd
Published: May 2023

BACKGROUND: Glioma is the most common primary malignant brain tumor. Nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) has emerged as a regulator of the malignant phenotype in glioma, and in particular glioblastoma multiforme, with clear relation to tumor size, recurrence, and invasiveness.

AIM: The aim of the study was to study the analysis of NF-κB expression in gliomas of different histologic types and grades and its correlation with various clinicopathologic indicators.

METHODS: One hundred and ten paraffin blocks of glioma cases classified according to WHO classification into 14 (12.7%) cases of Grade I pilocytic astrocytoma, 27 (24.5%) cases of Grade II gliomas, 26 (23.6%) cases of Grade III gliomas, and 43 (39.1%) cases of Grade IV glioblastoma. The correlations between immunostainings and clinicopathological parameters were analyzed statistically.

RESULTS: Positive immunostaining for NF-κB was encountered in (64/110) 58.2% of gliomas. Statistical analysis revealed significant association between positive NF-κB expression and high histological grade (p < 0.001), recurrence of the tumors (p = 0.001), large tumor size (≥5 cm) (p < 0.001), histological subtypes (glioblastoma represented 51.6% of NF-κB positive cases, while pilocytic astrocytoma represented 1.6% of NF-κB positive cases) (p < 0.001) and age of the patient (≥40) (p = 0.039).

CONCLUSIONS: A strong direct relation between NF-κB expression and the grade of glioma was observed. NF-κB expression behaves as a negative independent prognostic factor for the risk of tumor recurrence. Hence, inhibition of NF-κB may be a new therapeutic strategy to prevent recurrence of gliomas, particularly the high-grade type.
Automated Classification of Cell Level of HEp-2 Microscopic Images Using Deep Convolutional Neural Networks-Based Diameter Distance Features
Authors: Jensen Mitchell , Al-Dulaimi Khamael , Abduljabbar Khairiyah Saeed , Banks Jasmine
Published: May 2023

Abstract: To identify autoimmune diseases in humans, analysis of HEp-2 staining patterns at cell level is the gold standard for clinical practice research communities. An automated procedure is a complicated task due to variations in cell densities, sizes, shapes and patterns, overfitting of features, large-scale data volume, stained cells and poor quality of images. Several machine learning methods that analyse and classify HEp-2 cell microscope images currently exist. However, accuracy is still not at the level required for medical applications and computer aided diagnosis due to those challenges. The purpose of this work to automate classification procedure of HEp-2 stained cells from microscopic images and improve the accuracy of computer aided diagnosis. This work proposes Deep Convolutional Neural Networks (DCNNs) technique to classify HEp-2 cell patterns at cell level into six classes based on employing the level-set method via edge detection technique to segment HEp-2 cell shape. The DCNNs are designed to identify cell-shape and fundamental distance features related with HEp-2 cell types. This paper is investigated the effectiveness of our proposed method over benchmarked dataset. The result shows that the proposed method is highly superior comparing with other methods in benchmarked dataset and state-of-the-art methods. The result demonstrates that the proposed method has an excellent adaptability across variations in cell densities, sizes, shapes and patterns, overfitting features, large-scale data volume, and stained cells under different lab environments. The accurate classification of HEp-2 staining pattern at cell level helps increasing the accuracy of computer aided diagnosis for diagnosis process in the future.
Faire face aux risques de l’accompagnement des demandeurs d’asile en situation de précarité
Authors: Sanchis Zozaya Javier , Marion-Veyron Régis , Tzartzas Konstantinos
Published: May 2023

Prendre en charge des populations dans une grande précarité, comme les demandeurs d’asile, est un défi à de multiples niveaux. Souvent, les enjeux émotionnels sont peu ou pas pris en compte, notamment pour les professionnels en première ligne. Il y a des risques à connaître, pour savoir les repérer, les réduire et, dans certains cas, pour savoir quand il faudra prendre soin de l’équipe de professionnels et même des institutions. Les concepts de trauma vicariant et de fatigue de compassion sont connus depuis des décennies. Des études décrivent l’impact émotionnel que les professionnels de première ligne peuvent éprouver et l’importance des formations et les supervisions pour le réduire. Mais nous irons plus loin, pour nous interroger davantage sur « ce qui est transmis et comment » et l’articuler avec un phénomène moins connu, celui de la contagion au sein de l’institution, et l’impact désastreux qu’il peut avoir sur toute l’organisation des services sanitaires et d’accueil. Sur la base de l’expérience accumulée dans le domaine de la supervision d’équipes, nous proposerons quelques pistes de réflexion.
Gender Disparities in the Global Burden of Refractive Disorders in Children: An Analysis From the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
Authors: Pan Weiyi , Lou Lixia , Chen Fuyao , Tang Xiajing
Published: May 2023

Purpose:

To investigate gender disparities in the global burden of refractive disorders in children younger than 15 years by year, age, and national developmental status using disability-adjusted life years (DALYs).

Methods:

Global, regional, and national gender-specific DALY numbers and rates of refractive disorders in children were obtained by year (from 1990 to 2019) and age group (0 to 4, 5 to 9, and 10 to 14 years) from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Data from the Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index in 2019 as an indicator of national developmental status were extracted from the Human Development Report. Pearson correlation and linear regression analyses were performed to explore the association between female-to-male DALY rate ratios and national developmental status.

Results:

Gender disparities in DALY numbers and rates of refractive disorders in children have persisted and shown little improvement from 1990 to 2019. Girls had a higher burden than boys of the same age, and gender disparities increased with age (1.120 in preschool children aged 0 to 4 years, 1.124 in younger school-aged children aged 5 to 9 years, and 1.135 in older school-aged children aged 10 to 14 years). Female-to-male DALY rate ratios were negatively related to Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index values (standardized b = −0.189,
P
< .05).

Conclusions:

Gender disparities in the global burden of refractive disorders in children have persisted for decades, with girls who are older and from lower-income countries having a higher burden than boys. Gender-specific health policies should be made to manage refractive disorders in children.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
. 2024;61(1):51–58.]
Machine learning model of tax arrears prediction based on knowledge graph
Authors: Zheng Jie , Li Yijun
Published: May 2023

Most of the existing research on enterprise tax arrears prediction is based on the financial situation of enterprises. The influence of various relationships among enterprises on tax arrears is not considered. This paper integrates multivariate data to construct an enterprise knowledge graph. Then, the correlations between different enterprises and risk events are selected as the prediction variables from the knowledge graph. Finally, a tax arrears prediction machine learning model is constructed and implemented with better prediction power than earlier studies. The results show that the correlations between enterprises and tax arrears events through the same telephone number, the same E-mail address and the same legal person commonly exist. Based on these correlations, potential tax arrears can be effectively predicted by the machine learning model. A new method of tax arrears prediction is established, which provides new ideas and analysis frameworks for tax management practice.
Global existence and boundedness of chemotaxis-fluid equations to the coupled Solow-Swan model
Authors: Wu Jie , Yang Zheng
Published: May 2023

In this paper, we consider the following Keller-Segel-(Navier)-Stokes system to the coupled Solow-Swan model

   \begin{document}$ \begin{equation*} \left\{ \begin{split} &n_t+u\cdot\nabla n = \Delta{n}-\chi\nabla\cdot\big(n\nabla{c}\big)+\mu_1 n-\mu_2n^k, \quad &x\in\Omega, \, t>0, \\ &c_t+u\cdot\nabla c = \Delta{c}-c+\mu_3c^\alpha w^{1-\alpha}, \quad &x\in\Omega, \, t>0, \\ &w_t+u\cdot\nabla w = \Delta w-w+n, \quad &x\in\Omega, \, t>0, \\ &u_t+\kappa(u\cdot\nabla u) = \Delta u-\nabla P+n\nabla\Phi, \quad\nabla\cdot u = 0, &x\in\Omega, \, t>0, \end{split} \right. \end{equation*} $\end{document}

in a smooth bounded domain $ \Omega\subset\mathbb{R}^N\, \, (N = 2, 3) $ with no-flux boundary for $ n, c, w $ and no-slip boundary for $ u $, where the parameters $ \chi > 0, \, \alpha\in(0, 1), \, \mu_1\in\mathbb{R}, \, \mu_2\geq0, \, \mu_3 > 0 $ and $ \kappa\in\{0, \, 1\}, k\geq{N} $. Due to the interference of the fractional nonlinear term of the Solow-Swan model, we use the Moser-Trudinger inequality to obtain the global existence of the solution for two-dimensional case without logistic source. For three-dimensional case, we control the required estimation with the help of the negative term of logistic source to obtain the boundedness and asymptotic behavior. In the process of estimating the corresponding term, we find the order of the negative term of the logistic source is related to the spatial dimension, and we give the decay estimate of the corresponding solutions when $ \mu_1 < 0 $ or $ \mu_1 = 0, \, \mu_2 > 0 $.
Three-way decisions with complex q-rung orthopair 2-tuple linguistic decision-theoretic rough sets based on generalized Maclaurin symmetric mean operators
Authors: Ali Zeeshan , Mahmood Tahir , Khan Muhammad Bilal
Published: May 2023

In this manuscript, we generalized the notions of three-way decisions (3WD) and decision theoretic rough sets (DTRS) in the framework of Complex q-rung orthopair 2-tuple linguistic variables (CQRO2-TLV) and then deliberated some of its important properties. Moreover, we considered some very useful and prominent aggregation operators in the framework of CQRO2-TLV, while further observing the importance of the generalized Maclurin symmetric mean (GMSM) due to its applications in symmetry analysis, interpolation techniques, analyzing inequalities, measuring central tendency, mathematical analysis and many other real life problems. We initiated complex q-rung orthopair 2-tuple linguistic (CQRO2-TL) information and GMSM to introduce the CQRO2-TL GMSM (CQRO2-TLGMSM) operator and the weighted CQRO2-TL GMSM (WCQRO2-TLGMSM) operator, and then demonstrated their properties such as idempotency, commutativity, monotonicity and boundedness. We also investigated a CQRO2-TL DTRS model. In the end, a comparative study is given to prove the authenticity, supremacy, and effectiveness of our proposed notions.
Multi criteria group decision (MCGDM) for selecting third-party logistics provider (3PL) under Pythagorean fuzzy rough Einstein aggregators and entropy measures
Authors: Abosuliman Shougi S. , Qadir Abbas , Abdullah Saleem
Published: May 2023

In real life, with the trend of outsourcing logistics activities, choosing a third-party logistics (3PL) provider has become an inevitable choice for shippers. One of the most difficult decisions logistics consumers are facing the selecting the 3PL provider that best meets their needs. Decision making (DM) is an important in dealing with such situations because it allows them to make reliable decisions in a short period of time, as incorrect decisions can result in huge financial losses. In this regard, this article provides a new multi criteria group decision making method (MCGDM) under Pythagorean fuzzy rough (PyFR) set. A series of new PyFR Einstein weighted averaging aggregation operators and their basic aspects are described in depth. To evaluate the weights of decision experts and criteria weights we established the PyFR entropy measure. Further, using multiple aggregation methods based on PyFR information, a novel algorithm is offered to solve issues with ambiguous or insufficient data to obtain reliable and preferable results. First, decision-experts use PyFR sets to represent their evaluation information on alternatives based on the criteria. Then, apply all these proposed PyFR Einstein aggregation lists to rank all alternatives and find the best optimal result. Finally, to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed PyFR decision system, a real example of choosing a 3PL is given.
GC/MS quantification of individual fatty acids of selected green leafy vegetable foliage and their biodiesel attributes
Authors: Kumar S.S. , Manasa V. , Madhubalaji C.K. , Tumaney A.W. , Giridhar P.
Published: May 2023

The current demand for edible vegetable oil is increasing worldwide, and the development of new sources of high-quality vegetable edible oil is an essential task. There is also a huge demand for biodiesel in domestic and industrial applications, and foliage oils could be a good source for diesel applications. The current study aimed at the identification and quantification of fatty acids from commonly consumed green leafy vegetables (GLVs) viz., Hibiscus cannabinus, Hibiscus sabdariffa, Basella alba, Basella rubra, and Rumex vesicarius and to calculate the biodiesel attributes of the oil. The total oil content was ascertained as the highest in R. vesicarius foliage (3.91 ± 0.27 g/100 g dry leaf powder). GC/MS chromatographic investigation identified 9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid as a significant compound followed by hexadecanoic acid. In Hibiscus spp. C18:3 (49.3 µmol % and 50.4 µmol %) was recorded to be the most noteworthy followed by C16:0 (23.2 µmol % and 21 µmol %) in H. cannabinus and H. sabdariffa, respectively. The GLVs foliage-fatty acid biodiesel attributes were additionally assessed through an empirical formula. Consequently, the overall examined results will be helpful for the investigation of these oils as vegetable oil for human consumption and biodiesel applications.
Enzyme extraction of cupuassu (Theobroma grandiflorum S.) fat sedes
Authors: Da Silva D.C.S. , Rodrigues A.M.C. , Da Silva L.H.M.
Published: May 2023

Enzyme-assisted extraction is considered an environmentally friendly technique. Cellulase, pectinase and protease were tested for cupuassu seeds fat extraction. The best fat efficiency (81.66%) was obtained for the solute:solvent 1:5 (m:w), orbital shaker at 120 rpm, 60 °C, for 8 hours and enzyme concentrations (cellulase, pectinase and protease) of 1.0%. The fat was characterized for physicochemical properties, fatty acid profile, phenolic compounds, antioxidant activities and oxidative stability. The fat showed good thermal stability (14.26 h) and high contents of monounsaturated (42.42%) and saturated (43.47%) fatty acids with higher concentrations of oleic and stearic acids, respectively, and a high content of phenolic compounds (141.84 µg EAG·g-1) in the fat, and in the aqueous extract (926.47 µg EAG·g-1). The results indicated that the cupuassu seed fat obtained by enzymatic extraction showed superior properties to cupuassu fat obtained by cold pressing, in addition to generating an aqueous fraction which is rich in bioactive compounds that can be used as ingredients in the food and pharmaceutical sectors.
A survey of phthalates in flavored olive oils from Turkey
Authors: Toptancı İ. , Kıralan S. , Ketenoğlu O.
Published: May 2023

Phthalates are organic contaminants that are used as plasticizers in many plastic food packaging materials. Because of their lipophilic character, oils are the primary source of human exposure to phthalates. In this study, the presence of five phthalate esters; diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP), dibutyl phthalate (DBP), butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP), diisononyl phthalate (DINP) and diisodecyl phthalate (DIDP) in olive oils flavored with different materials and marketed in Turkey in 2020 was determined. The samples included BBP, DINP, DIDP at lower concentrations than their LOQ. DEHP was the most abundant phthalate in all samples at varying concentrations between < LOQ to 1.81 mg/kg. The highest amount of DEHP was found in the oil sample flavored with bergamot (1.81 mg/kg). DBP was detected in 9 of the 25 samples at concentrations from 0.11 to 0.27 mg/kg.
Effect of strength training versus raloxifene on bone weight, blood glucose, lipid and antioxidant profile in ovariectomized rats
Authors: Santos Marcos Antônio Pereira dos , Martins Maria do Carmo de Carvalho e , Silva Raquel Suelen Brito da , Lopes Carolina Farias de Arruda , Silva Alexandre Sérgio
Published: May 2023

We compared the effect of the treatment with strength training (ST) and raloxifene (RALOX) on bone weight, blood glucose, lipid, and antioxidant profile in ovariectomized rats. Twenty-four Wistar rats were distributed into four groups: ovariectomy + VEHICLE (control); ovariectomy + RALOX; ovariectomy + ST; ovariectomy + RALOX + ST. Thirty days after ovariectomy, the animals underwent the treatment with RALOX (750 μcg day-1) and/or ST (three sessions week-1). Thirty days after, all groups were scarified, tibia and femur were weighed, and the blood was collected for analysis of the lipid profile, glucose, and antioxidants catalase (CAT) and glutathione (GSH). The ST group showed greater femur weight (0.82 ± 0.18 g) and RALOX + ST had greater tibia weight (0.61 ± 0.17 g) than CONTROL with femur weight of 0.65 ± 0.08 g and tibia of 0.49 ± 0.08 g with no differences between treatments (p > 0.05). ST group showed significantly higher catalase (181.7 ± 15.4 μM g-1) compared to the other groups. In contrast, the GSH value was lower in ST group (89.2 ± 8.1 μM g-1) compared to RALOX (175.9 ± 17.1 μM g-1) and RALOX + ST (162.8 ± 12.1 μM g-1), but the values of these two groups did not differ from CONTROL (115.3 ± 21.1 μM g-1). Total cholesterol did not differ between groups (p > 0.05), but exercise alone (54.3 ± 2.5 mg dL-1) or with RALOX (53.0 ± 1.5 mg dL-1) resulted in higher HDL cholesterol than CONTROL (45.5 ± 2.5 mg dL-1). Only RALOX+ST presented lower glucose (140.3 ± 9.7 mg dL-1) values than CONTROL (201.7 ± 30.6 mg dL-1). In conclusion, ST promotes similar benefits on bone and metabolic parameters compared to pharmacological treatment in ovariectomized rats.
Temporal variation in composition, abundance and biomass of the fish fauna after impact on subtropical transitional water
Authors: Afonso Maíra Gnoatto , Cattani André Pereira , Bot Neto Renato Luiz , Cardoso Olímpio Rafael , Spach Henry Louis , Schwingel Paulo Ricardo
Published: May 2023

Transitional waters are characterized by large variations in salinity, temperature, turbidity, among other factors, such as tidal cycle, wind action and rainfall, that are constantly changing over time. The distribution of biota in these environments is regulated by these natural variations and also by human activities, such as pollution, overexploitation of resources, acceleration of urbanization, suppression of habitats and changes in hydrological dynamics. The objective of this study was to analyze the temporal dynamics of the fish fauna of the Saco dos Limões Cove, state of Santa Catarina, Brazil, after the construction of a highway. Fish community was evaluated over five years by annual and monthly variation in species richness, abundance and biomass. A total of 17,993 individuals were collected, distributed in 33 families, 59 genera and 79 species. The evaluated years were similar to each other in species composition. Community descriptors varied over time but did not show seasonal trends. In all years, abundance was higher than biomass, indicating both the disturbance and the ecosystem function as a nursery in the studied area. This was corroborated by the large number of juveniles of dominant species (Genidens genidens, Eucinostomus gula and Eucinostomus argenteus).
A Fully Self-Aligned SiC Trench MOSFET with 0.5 μm Channel Pitch
Authors: Sampath Madankumar , Morisette Dallas , Cooper James A.
Published: May 2023

SiC power MOSFETs have made great progress since the first commercial devices were introduced in 2011, but they are still far from their theoretical limits of performance. At blocking voltages above 1200 V the specific on-resistance is limited by the drift region, but below 1200 V the resistance is dominated by the channel and the substrate, with smaller contributions from the source and JFET regions. Trench MOSFETs have smaller cell area than planar DMOSFETs, and are inherently more scalable. Both Rohm and Infineon devices have cell pitches of about 3 μm per active channel. In this paper we demonstrate a highly self-aligned fabrication process to realize deeply-scaled trench MOSFETs with a cell pitch of 0.5 μm per channel. Since the narrow gate trench is shaped like a letter “I”, we refer to these devices as “IMOSFETs”.
Ray Tracing of Perovskite Thin Films for Solar Windows
Authors: Zahri Zulfa , Mohd Rashid Mohd Marzaini , Pakhuruddin Mohd Zamir
Published: May 2023

In this work, OPAL 2 is used to perform ray tracing simulation on perovskite thin films based on methylammonium lead triiodide (CH3NH3PbI3) and methylammonium lead tribromide (CH3NH3PbBr3) for solar windows. The thicknesses of both perovskite materials are varied between 100 nm and 500 nm. The ray tracing is carried out within 300-1000 nm wavelength region with AM1.5G solar spectrum as the illumination source. Perovskite solar cells based on CH3NH3PbI3 demonstrate absorption edge up to wavelength of 800 nm. The short-circuit current density (Jsc) improves from 11.71 mA/cm2 to 21.07 mA/cm2 due to the increased perovskite thickness from 100 nm to 500 nm. On the contrary, the average visible transmission (AVT) drops from 45% to 13%. For perovskite solar cells based on CH3NH3PbBr3, the absorption edge is shifted to wavelength of 550 nm due to the increased band gap. The Jsc increases from 3.49 mA/cm2 to 7.25 mA/cm2 when the thickness is increased from 100 nm to 500 nm. However, the AVT drops from 74% to 59%. The findings from this work show that a trade-off is required when maximizing the Jsc of the solar cells while maintaining reasonable transparencies through the solar windows.
Study of Porous III-V Surface Structure via Etching Process: Effect of Pore Depth
Authors: Ramle Mohamad Rafiudin , Radzali Rosfariza , Abd Rahim Alhan Farhanah , Mahmood Ainorkhilah , Abu Bakar Aslina , Mohd Daud Anis Nabilah , Abdullah Mohd Hanapiah
Published: May 2023

In this project, the surface structure of III-V semiconductor, GaAs, was altered to enhance the optical and electronic properties of the semiconductor. This project involved the designing and fabrication of non-porous and porous GaAs structures using SILVACO TCAD tools. The porous GaAs with different pore depth were designed and simulated to investigate the effect of pore depth on the optical and electrical properties of GaAs semiconductor. The pore depth of porous GaAs structure was varied with 2, 4, 6 and 8 μm. The porous GaAs structures were then tested for the metal-semiconductor-metal (MSM) photodetector device application. The non-porous and porous GaAs MSM photodetectors were compared systematically through current-voltage (I-V) characteristics, current gain, and spectral response. The result showed that the porous GaAs MSM photodetector has better performance in terms of electrical and optical properties than the non-porous photodetector. Amongst the MSM GaAs photodetectors, the porous GaAs photodetector with pore depth of 6 μm obtained the highest current gain value of 3.22. While for optical properties, the spectral response showed the current intensity of 11.370 µA which was recorded at the peak wavelength of 880 nm. Therefore, porous GaAs showed good potential and can be used for optoelectronic device applications such as MSM photodetector.
Modelling of Creep Rupture in Grade 92 Steel Using a Microstructure-Type Finite Element Mesh
Authors: Alang Nasrul Azuan , Nikbin Kamran
Published: May 2023

Conventional finite element (FE) modelling, which employed structured mesh, is unable to simulate local damage evolution at microstructure level. This paper aims to investigate the creep rupture and damage behaviour of Grade 92 steel under a creep environment using microstructural-type FE mesh. The idealised microstructures of the material were generated based on the Voronoi tessellation technique. Three notched bar specimens with different notch acuities were modelled in Abaqus v6.13 software and a ductility exhaustion based damage model was employed to estimate the damage state. The influence of the notch constraint on the ductility is accounted for in the simulation. It is found that the results obtained from the proposed technique are in good agreement with the experimental data. All the prediction points fall within the scatter band of +/- factor of 2. The damage was predicted to initiate at a distance offset from the notch tip. As the acuity increases, the damage initiation site shifts further away from the notch.
A spatiotemporal analysis of the social determinants of health for COVID-19
Authors: Bonzani Claire , Scull Peter , Yamamoto Daisaku
Published: May 2023

This research aims to uncover how the association between social determinants of health and COVID-19 cases and fatality rate have changed across time and space. To begin to understand these associations and show the benefits of analysing temporal and spatial variations in COVID-19, we utilized Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR). The results emphasize the advantages for using GWR in data with a spatial component, while showing the changing spatiotemporal magnitude of association between a given social determinant and cases or fatalities. While previous research has demonstrated the merits of GWR for spatial epidemiology, our study fills a gap in the literature, by examining a suite of variables across time to reveal how the pandemic unfolded across the US at a county-level spatial scale. The results speak to the importance of understanding the local effects that a social determinant may have on populations at the county level. From a public health perspective, these results can be used for an understanding of the disproportionate disease burden felt by different populations, while upholding and building upon trends observed in epidemiological literature.
Spatial analysis of antimicrobial resistance in the environment. A systematic review
Authors: Spets Patrick , Ebert Karin , Dinnétz Patrik
Published: May 2023

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global major health concern. Spatial analysis is considered an invaluable method in health studies. Therefore, we explored the usage of spatial analysis in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) in studies on AMR in the environment. This systematic review is based on database searches, a content analysis, ranking of the included studies according to the preference ranking organization method for enrichment evaluations (PROMETHEE) and estimation of data points per km2. Initial database searches resulted in 524 records after removal of duplicates. After the last stage of full text screening, 13 greatly heterogeneous articles with diverse study origins, methods and design remained. In the majority of studies, the data density was considerably less than one sampling site per km2 but exceeded 1,000 sites per km2 in one study. The results of the content analysis and ranking showed a variation between studies that primarily used spatial analysis and those that used spatial analysis as a sec ondary method. We identified two distinct groups of GIS methods. The first was focused on sample collection and laboratory testing, with GIS as supporting method. The second group used overlay analysis as the primary method to combine datasets in a map. In one case, both methods were combined. The low number of articles that met our inclusion criteria highlights a research gap. Based on the findings of this study we encourage application of GIS to its full potential in studies of AMR in the environment.
Prediction of dengue cases using the attention-based long short-term memory (LSTM) approach
Authors: Majeed Mokhalad A. , Shafri Helmi Z. M. , Wayayok Aimrun , Zulkafli Zed
Published: May 2023

This research proposes a ‘temporal attention’ addition for long-short term memory (LSTM) models for dengue prediction. The number of monthly dengue cases was collected for each of five Malaysian states i.e. Selangor, Kelantan, Johor, Pulau Pinang, and Melaka from 2011 to 2016. Climatic, demographic, geographic and temporal attributes were used as covariates. The proposed LSTM models with temporal attention was compared with several benchmark models including a linear support vector machine (LSVM), a radial basis function support vector machine (RBFSVM), a decision tree (DT), a shallow neural network (SANN) and a deep neural network (D-ANN). In addition, experiments were conducted to analyze the impact of look-back settings on each model performance. The results showed that the attention LSTM (A-LSTM) model performed best, with the stacked, attention LSTM (SA-LSTM) one in second place. The LSTM and stacked LSTM (S-LSTM) models performed almost identically but with the accuracy improved by the attention mechanism was added. Indeed, they were both found to be superior to the benchmark models mentioned above. The best results were obtained when all attributes were included in the model. The four models (LSTM, S-LSTM, A-LSTM and SA-LSTM) were able to accurately predict dengue presence 1-6 months ahead. Our findings provide a more accurate dengue prediction model than previously used, with the prospect of also applying this approach in other geographic areas.
Predictors of breastfeeding duration on mothers who return to work: a systematic review
Authors: Nurjanah Siti , Wirjatmadi Bambang , Devy Shrimarti R. , Suminar Dewi R. , Pratiwi Erinda N.
Published: May 2023

Introduction: the idea of continuing breastfeeding and work raises conflicting demands on the mother. Work correlates with early termination of breastfeeding and full-time work is associated with a shorter duration of breastfeeding than working part time.Objective: we aimed to systematically explore literature relating to factors related to breastfeeding duration in mothers returning to work.Materials and Methods: this research uses systematic review where systematic review is carried out following a combination of selected reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis.Results: many selected articles were found related to factors affecting the duration of breastfeeding in breastfeeding mothers who returned to work.Discussions: delaying return to work until at least 15 weeks postpartum indicates a long duration of breastfeeding (at least 6 months). Part-time work is also positively related to the duration of feeding.Conclusions: employment and early return to work, support from social environment, perception of milk production, higher maternal occupational and education, household income, delaying return to work at least 15 weeks postpartum, working part time and longer maternity leave are predictors of breastfeeding duration on mother return to work.
Feeding practices and child stunting during the COVID-19 pandemic: a qualitative study
Authors: Rahmatika Qory T. , Mulyono Sigit , Rahmadiyah Dwi C.
Published: May 2023

Background: In the period of the COVID-19 pandemic, the number of children suffering from stunting had escalated globally due to socio-economic challenges. This may worsen the nutritional status and health of children under 5 years.Objective: This study aimed to explore the parental feeding practices among children aged 24-59 months who have stunted growth during the COVID-19 pandemic.Materials and Methods: Eleven semi-structured individual interviews were conducted involving primary caregivers of stunting children in the family. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed thematically.Results: Three major themes were identified: i) child-feeding practices during the COVID-19 pandemic; ii) feeding style among the primary caregivers of stunting children; iii) parents’ efforts to improve nutritional intake. This finding shows that child feeding is a complex interaction between parent-feeding practices and child-eating behavior that affect the nutritional status of children.Conclusions: The feeding practices of children suffering from stunting during the COVID-19 pandemic have been the greatest challenge faced by many caregivers. The accessibility of food, economic condition, and parental knowledge contributed to this situation. Healthcare providers are expected to strengthen nutrition education to improve proper feeding practices and provide support for families during the pandemic.
Stress analysis in implant, abutment, and peripheral bone with different restorative crown and abutment materials: A three-dimensional finite element analysis study
Authors: Rani Sapna , Jain Nandini , Barua Swagat L , Idnani Simran , Kaushik Nitin
Published: May 2023

Background:

Stresses on prosthetic crown directly influences the survival rate of implants hence it should be considered while selecting prosthetic material.

The aim of the study is to evaluate stress analysis on implant, abutment and peripheral bone with change in different abutment and different crown materials by 3D finite element study.

Materials and Methods:

A numerical procedure based on finite element method was adopted to investigate the influence of different prosthetic materials and abutment materials on stress situation. Eight different three-dimensional (3D) models of a bone-level implant system and an abutment were created by using the standard tessellation language (STL) data of original implant components. Combinations included of abutment materials i.e., Titanium (Ti), Polyetheretherketone (PEEK), Polyetherketoneketone (PEKK), Polymer infilterated hybrid ceramic (TZI) along with different restoration materials Monolithic Zirconia (MZ) and lithium disilicate glass ceramic (IPS e-max). In each model, the implants were loaded obliquely (150 N). The stress distribution in the implant, Abutment and peripheral bone was evaluated through the von Mises stress analysis.

Results:

Higher stresses were found on neck of implants irrespective of abutment material and restorative material. Highest stress was found with PEEK material. The pattern of stress distribution in implant and peripheral bone was similar in all models.

Conclusion:

There is no difference in stresses with the change in restorative material but the change in abutment material has effect on stresses on implants.
The effect of silver diamine fluoride on the bond strength of glass ionomer to the enamel of primary teeth
Authors: Salimian Negar , Ebrahimian Maryam , Jafari Niloufar , Shirani Farzaneh
Published: May 2023

Background:

Dental caries is a disease which is caused by the acidic by-products of the metabolic processes of dental plaque. Silver components are one of the clinical solutions to prevent caries. This study aimed to investigate the effect of silver diamine fluoride (SDF) application on the shear bond strength of glass ionomer to primary teeth enamel.

Materials and Methods:

In this in vitro study, a total of 48 anterior sound primary teeth were randomly divided into four groups (n = 12). The control group (G1) consisted of healthy primary teeth, and the three experimental groups (G2–G4) were composed of demineralized primary teeth. The second group did not undergo SDF treatment, the third group underwent SDF treatment, and the fourth group underwent SDF treatment plus polishing. Glass ionomer cylinders were bonded to all specimens and subsequently tested by a universal testing machine to measure the glass ionomer shear bond strength. The type of fracture was examined by a stereomicroscope. Data analysis was carried out using the SPSS 22 statistical software. Data were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance and posthoc Tukey tests (α =0.05).

Results:

The mean shear bond strength of the glass ionomer was significantly higher in the control group than in the other three groups (P < 0.05). The mean shear bond strength of glass ionomer was significantly higher in the SDF-treated group than in the non-SDF treated and SDF-treated and polished groups (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

Although the glass ionomer bond strength to sound enamel was higher than other groups by a significant margin, the application of SDF increases the shear bond strength of the glass ionomer to remineralized white spot enamel in primary teeth.
Thyroid associated orbitopathy
Authors: Behera Sharmistha , Das Devi Aiswarya , Dora Jayashree , Mohanty Deepak Jyoti
Published: May 2023

Thyroid-associated orbitopathy (TAO) is the most frequent extrathyroidal manifestation of Graves’ disease. It is an autoimmune process affecting the retrobulbar tissue. It is the most common cause of bilateral and unilateral exophthalmos among adults. The clinical presentation may vary from mild disease to severe irreversible sight-threatening complications. Till date, TAO remains a major diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. Diagnosis of orbitopathy is mainly clinical and treatment is based on the clinical severity of the disease. In this article, we review the pathophysiology, epidemiology, classification, clinical presentation, and management of this common yet challenging orbital inflammatory disease.
An Intelligent Machine Learning based Intrusion Detection System (IDS) for Smart cities networks
Authors: Ayub Muhammad Yaseen , Haider Usman , Haider Ali , Tashfeen Muhammad Tehmasib Ali , Shoukat Hina , Basit Abdul
Published: May 2023

INTRODUCTION: Internet of Things (IoT) along with Cloud based systems are opening a new domain of development. They have several applications from smart homes, Smart farming, Smart cities, smart grid etc. Due to IoT sensors operating in such close proximity to humans and critical infrastructure, there arises privacy and security issues. Securing an IoT network is very essential and is a hot research topic. Different types of Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) have been developed to detect and prevent an unauthorized intrusion into the network.OBJECTIVES: The paper presents a Machine Learning based light, fast and reliable Intrusion Detection System (IDS).METHODS: Multiple Supervised machine learning algorithms are applied and their results are compared. Algorithms applied include Linear Discriminant analysis, Quadratic Discriminant Analysis, XG Boost, KNN and Decision Tree.RESULTS: Simulation results showed that KNN Algorithm gives us the highest accuracy, followed by XG Boost and Decision Tree which are not far behind.CONCLUSION: A fast, secure and intelligent IDS is developed using machine learning algorithms. The resulting IDS can be used in various types of networks especially in IoT based networks.
Strict $\mathcal{C}^p$-triangulations – a new approach to desingularization
Authors: Pawłucki Wiesław
Published: May 2023

Let

R

be any real closed field expanded by some o-minimal structure. Let

f: A\to R^d

be a definable and continuous mapping defined on a definable, closed, bounded subset

A

of

R^n

. Let

\mathcal{E}

be a finite family of definable subsets of

R^n

contained in

A

. Let

p

be any positive integer. We prove that then there exists a finite simplicial complex

\mathcal{T}

in

R^n

and a definable homeomorphism

h: |\mathcal{T} |\to A

, where

|\mathcal{T}|:= \bigcup \mathcal{T}

, such that for each simplex

\varDelta\in \mathcal{T}

, the restriction of

h

to its relative interior

\mathring{\varDelta}

is a

\mathcal{C}^p

-embedding of

\mathring{\varDelta}

into

R^n

and moreover both

h

and

f\circ h

are of class

\mathcal{C}^p

in the sense that they have definable

\mathcal{C}^p

-extensions defined on an open definable neighborhood of

| \mathcal{T}|

in

R^n

. We then call a pair

( \mathcal{T}, h)

a strict

\mathcal{C}^p

-triangulation of

A

. In addition, this triangulation can be made compatible with

\mathcal{E}

in the sense that for each

E\in \mathcal{E}

,

h^{-1}(E)

is a union of some

\mathring{\varDelta}

, where

\varDelta\in \mathcal{T}

. We also give an application to approximation theory.
Corrigendum to “The Brauer group and the Brauer–Manin set of products of varieties”
Authors: Skorobogatov Alexei N. , Zarhin Yuri G.
Published: May 2023

In his Zentralblatt review of our paper [J. Eur. Math. Soc. 16, 749–768 (2014)], Faltings pointed out that he could not follow the proof of Proposition 2.2. In this corrigendum we rectify this and other mistakes in that paper.
Relationship between positive end-expiratory pressure levels, central venous pressure, systemic inflammation and acute renal failure in critically ill ventilated COVID-19 patients: a monocenter retrospective study in France
Authors: Basse Pierre , Morisson Louis , Barthélémy Romain , Julian Nathan , Kindermans Manuel , Collet Magalie , Huot Benjamin , Gayat Etienne , Mebazaa Alexandre , Chousterman Benjamin G.
Published: May 2023

Background: The role of positive pressure ventilation, central venous pressure (CVP) and inflammation on the occurrence of acute kidney injury (AKI) have been poorly described in mechanically ventilated patient secondary to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Methods: This was a monocenter retrospective cohort study of consecutive ventilated COVID-19 patients admitted in a French surgical intensive care unit between March 2020 and July 2020. Worsening renal function (WRF) was defined as development of a new AKI or a persistent AKI during the 5 days after mechanical ventilation initiation. We studied the association between WRF and ventilatory parameters including positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP), CVP, and leukocytes count. Results: Fifty-seven patients were included, 12 (21%) presented WRF. Daily PEEP, 5 days mean PEEP and daily CVP values were not associated with occurrence of WRF. 5 days mean CVP was higher in the WRF group compared to patients without WRF (median [IQR], 12 mm Hg [11-13] vs. 10 mm Hg [9–12]; P=0.03). Multivariate models with adjustment on leukocytes and Simplified Acute Physiology Score (SAPS) II confirmed the association between CVP value and risk of WRF (odd ratio, 1.97; 95% confidence interval, 1.12–4.33). Leukocytes count was also associated with occurrence of WRF in the WRF group (14 G/L [11–18]) and the no-WRF group (9 G/L [8–11]) (P=0.002). Conclusions: In mechanically ventilated COVID-19 patients, PEEP levels did not appear to influence occurrence of WRF. High CVP levels and leukocytes count are associated with risk of WRF.
Epidemiology and outcome of an acute kidney injuries in the polytrauma victims admitted at the apex trauma center in Dubai
Authors: Wankhade Bhushan Sudhakar , Alrais Zeyad Faoor , Alrais Ghaya Zeyad , Hadi Ammar Mohamed Abdel , Naidu Gopala Arun Kumar , Abbas Mohammed Shahid , Kheir Ahmed Tarek Youssef Aboul , Hadad Hasan , Sharma Sundareswaran , Sait Mohammad
Published: May 2023

Background: Polytrauma from road accidents is a common cause of hospital admissions and deaths, frequently leading to acute kidney injury (AKI) and impacting patient outcomes. Methods: This retrospective, single-center study included polytrauma victims with an Injury Severity Score (ISS) >25 at a tertiary healthcare center in Dubai. Results: The incidence of AKI in polytrauma victims is 30.5%, associated with higher Carlson comorbidity index (P=0.021) and ISS (P=0.001). Logistic regression shows a significant relationship between ISS and AKI (odds ratio [OR], 1.191; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.150–1.233; P<0.05). The main causes of trauma-induced AKI are hemorrhagic shock (P=0.001), need for massive transfusion (P<0.001), rhabdomyolysis (P=0.001), and abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS; P<0.001). On multivariate logistic regression AKI can be predicated by higher ISS (OR, 1.08; 95% CI, 1.00–1.17; P=0.05) and low mixed venous oxygen saturation (OR, 1.13; 95% CI, 1.05–1.22; P<0.001). The development of AKI after polytrauma increases length of stay (LOS)-hospital (P=0.006), LOS-intensive care unit (ICU; P=0.003), need for mechanical ventilation (MV) (P<0.001), ventilator days (P=0.001), and mortality (P<0.001). Conclusions: After polytrauma, the occurrence of AKI leads to prolonged hospital and ICU stays, increased need for mechanical ventilation, more ventilator days, and a higher mortality rate. AKI could significantly impact their prognosis.
Virtual screening of triazoles inhibitors of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenaseenzymes using -ADME-moleculardocking, and molecular dynamics simulation studies
Authors: Mostefaoui L. , Mesli F. , Merad M. , Ghalem S.
Published: May 2023

Hypertension, or elevated arterial blood pressure, is a substantial public health problem. The two 11β hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11β HSD) isozymes catalyze the interconversion of cortisol and cortisone. Our research consists in studying the inhibition of the enzymes with some derivatives of 1,2,4 triazoles by means of molecular docking and dynamics approaches. The interactions between the studied inhibitors and our target were further explored through molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations, in the presence of water molecules. The molecular dynamics study was done for the best der ivatives of 1,2,4 triazoles inhibitors (deducted from the docking best scores for L2 and L1, and lowest score for Lref) A f e w k e y r e s i du e s N 14 with oxygen receptor interaction H donor) at the binding site of (11β HSD1) and (11β HSD2) were identified. Obtained Docking and molecular dynamics result, both leads to the same conclusion and predict that L2 subsisted derivatives of 1, 2, 4 triazoles is the best inhibitor candidate.
Synthesis and characterization of dimethacrylate macromonomer using maghnite-h+as an eco-friendly catalyst
Authors: Souli L. , Meghabar R. , Lahrech M. B.
Published: May 2023

The dimethacrylate macromonomer named bis (2-hydroxy-3-(méthacryloyloxy) propyl) fumarate (HMPF) was synthesized by ring opening reaction of epoxide function of glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) with maleic anhydride (MA) in presence of Maghnite-H+ as a catalyst at room temperature and at free solvent. The Maghnite-H+ is a proton exchanged montmorillonite clay it is an Algerian clay activated by sulfuric acid 0,23M. The HMPF was characterized by FT-IR, 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectroscopic techniques. A kinetic study was carried out to determine the amount of the catalyst (5, 10, 20 and 30%) which will give abetter yield of the synthesis reaction. T he yield of the reaction was 62. 2 3% for a quantity of Maghnite-H+ (20% relative to the monomer and for a r eaction time of 72 h.
Role Globularia in the inhibition of calcium oxalate crystallization in vitro study
Authors: Beghalia M. , Ghalem S. , Allali H.
Published: May 2023

Plant extracts are known to modulate calcium oxalate (CaOx) crystallization. One of these is Globularia, the root and flower. Medicinals plants has been demonstrated to be an efficient inhibitor of CaOx crystal growth; however, its inhibitory activity against other events in CaOx crystallization has not been fully investigated. To assess the potential of Globularia as an effective inhibitor, its effects on CaOx crystal nucleation and aggregation were evaluated. Nucleation and aggregation of CaOx crystals were studied by artificial urine is prepared by mixing and stirring two equal volumes of 50 ml of solutions A and B at constant temperature (37°C). In the nucleation assay, crystallization was induced by mixing calcium chloride and sodium oxalate, The addition of extracts Globularia flower and root , acts on the phase of growth crystallisation ; the rate of inhibition capacity in concentration 100 % is 96.09% , and 96.77% for concentration 75% respectively, On note that these inhibitors developed an inhibition important on the low concentration. Globularia is an efficient inhibitor of crystal nucleation and aggregation. Its presence in the kidneys and urine may protect subjects against CaOx crystallization and kidney stone formation.