bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Oral Tissues: A Comprehensive Review for Oral Healthcare Providers
Authors: Bsoul Samer A. , Terezhalmy Geza T. , Huber Michaell A.
Published: July 2019

North Americans in 2004 were projected to die from oral and pharyngeal cancer at a rate of 1.2 per hour. Oral healthcare providers can be instrumental in reducing the incidence of oral and pharyngeal premalignant and malignant lesions by identifying patients with high-risk behavior, educating their patients about the consequences of their high-risk behavior, and by early detection of premalignant and malignant conditions. The fact only 34% of the cancers of the oral cavity and larynx are localized at the time of diagnosis and evidence that at least one third of the patients diagnosed with an oral or pharyngeal malignancy have undergone oral cancer screening within the past three years suggests the current protocol for the early detection of pre-malignant or malignant changes appears to be deficient. To facilitate early diagnosis, oral healthcare providers must take into consideration the capriciousness of oral cancer and must be familiar with the availability and application of diagnostic modalities beyond conventional visual inspection and palpation of oral soft tissues. This article provides a comprehensive review of the disease for healthcare professionals.

Citation

Bsoul SA, Huber MA, Terezhalmy GT. Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Oral Tissues: A Comprehensive Review for Oral Healthcare Providers J Contemp Dent Pract 2005 November;(6)4:001-016.
Alteration of Cyclic Nucleotides Levels and Oxidative Stress in Saliva of Human Subjects with Periodontitis
Authors: Abdollahi Mohammad , Mashayekhi Foreshteh , Agha-hoseini Farzaneh , Rezaie Ali , Zamani Mohammad J. , Khorasani Reza
Published: July 2019

Experimental findings suggest a protective role for cyclic nucleotides against induction of oxidative stress in saliva. Oxidative stress is a major contributor to the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases. This study was conducted to evaluate salivary oxidative stress along with cGMP and cAMP levels in periodontitis subjects. cAMP and cGMP are second messengers that have important roles in salivary gland functions. Unstimulated whole saliva samples were obtained from periodontitis patients and age- and sex-matched healthy individuals. Saliva samples were analyzed for thiobarbituric reactive substances (TBARS) as a marker of lipid peroxidation, ferric reducing ability (total antioxidant power, TAP), and levels of cAMP and cGMP. Concentrations of cAMP and cGMP were reduced in the saliva of patients with moderate and severe periodontitis. Saliva of patients with severe periodontitis had higher TBARS and lower TAP than control subjects. The presence of oxidative stress and lower levels of salivary cGMP and cAMP in periodontitis are in association with disease severity.

Citation

Mashayekhi F, Agha-hosseini F, Rezaie A, Zamani MJ, Khorasani R, Abdollahi M. Alteration of Cyclic Nucleotides Levels and Oxidative Stress in Saliva of Human Subjects with Periodontitis. J Contemp Dent Pract 2005 November;(6)4:046-053.
Report of Ankylosis of the Temporomandibular Joint: Treatment with a Temporalis Muscle Flap and Augmentation Genioplasty
Authors: Martins Wilson Denis
Published: July 2019

A case of true bilateral ankylosis of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is presented. A 19-year-old male patient had a life-threatening ear infection at the age of ten resulting in a progressive restriction of his mouth opening. He presented with almost complete lack of mobility of the mandible. Surgical treatment was a resection of the ankylotic mass, interpositional temporalis composite muscle flaps, and early mobilization and aggressive physiotherapy. The functional results of the interpositional arthroplasty were excellent. After a twoyear follow up, an augmentation genioplasty was performed in order to improve facial aesthetics.

Citation

Martins WD. Report of Ankylosis of the Temporomandibular Joint: Treatment with a Temporalis Muscle Flap and Augmentation Genioplasty. J Contemp Dent Pract 2006 February;(7)1:125-133.
Clinical Evaluation of Posterior Composite Restorations in Endodontically Treated Teeth
Authors: Say Esra Can , Kayahan Baybora , Ozel Emre , Gokce Kagan , Soyman Mubin , Bayirli Gunduz
Published: July 2019

Objective

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the two year clinical performance of posterior composite restorations in endodontically treated premolars and molars using a hybrid composite (Filtek Z-250, 3M ESPE) and a total etch bonding system (Single Bond, 3M ESPE).

Method and Materials

Thirty-nine class II restorations in endodontically treated premolars (n=11) and molars (n=28) of 27 patients (14 female, 13 male, mean age 36.51) in 16 maxillar and 23 mandibular teeth were placed by one operator. Restorations were evaluated by two experienced investigators at baseline, 12 months, and 24 months according to the modified United States Public Health Service (USPHS) criteria that included retention, color match, marginal discoloration, secondary caries, anatomic form, marginal adaptation, and surface texture. All restorations were able to be evaluated at baseline, 12 months, and 24 months.

Results

Paired samples t-test showed only marginal discoloration showed a statistically significant difference (p<0.05) at the end of 24 months, and no other significant differences were observed for the other variables examined over the duration of the study. None of the restored teeth showed periapical pathology at the end of 24 months.

Conclusion

At two years, limited deterioration in marginal discoloration was detected. The clinical performance of posterior composite restorations in endodontically treated teeth using Filtek Z250 was found clinically acceptable after two years.

Citation

Can Say E, Kayahan B, Ozel E, Gokce K, Soyman M, Bayirli G. Clinical Evaluation of Posterior Composite Restorations in Endodontically Treated Teeth. J Contemp Dent Pract 2006 May;(7)2:017-025.
Temporomandibular Joint Clicking Noises Caused by a Multilocular Bone Cyst: A Case Report
Authors: Özçelik Tuncer Burak , Ersoy Ahmet Ersan
Published: July 2019

When diagnosing patients with temporomandibular disorder (TMD) symptoms, the possibility of unusual causes must be considered, including neoplastic disorders, as well as infections and inflammatory disease. Therefore, radiologic examination may prove to be invaluable in the differential diagnosis of TMDs. This article describes a patient whose temporomandibular joint (TMJ) noise was initially diagnosed by another dental clinic as a TMJ anterior disc displacement with reciprocal clicking. Occlusal splint therapy was used for nearly three to four months but did not improve the TMJ noise condition. When the patient was examined clinically and imaged with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT), a multilocular bone cyst (MBC) was suspected. The cyst could cause surface irregularities in the posterior part of the left eminence of the temporal bone, which could be the source of the clicking noise.

Citation

Özçelik TB, Ersoy AE. Temporomandibular Joint Clicking Noises Caused by a Multilocular Bone Cyst: A Case Report. J Contemp Dent Pract 2006 July;(7)3:099-105.
Fiber-reinforced Composite Substructure: Load-bearing Capacity of an Onlay Restoration and Flexural Properties of the Material
Authors: Lassila Lippo V.J. , Vallittu Pekka K. , Garoushi Sufyan K. , Tezvergil Arzu
Published: July 2019

Aim

The aim of this study was to determine the static load-bearing capacity of composite resin onlay restorations made of particulate filler composite (PFC) with two different types of fiber-reinforced composite (FRC) substructures. In addition, flexural properties of the material combination and the effect of polymerization devices were tested.

Methods and Materials

Specimens were prepared to simulate an onlay restoration, which consisted of 2 to 3 mm of FRC layer as a substructure (short random and continuous bidirectional fiber orientation) and a 1 mm surface layer of PFC. Control specimens were prepared from plain PFC. In Group A the specimens were incrementally polymerized only with a hand-light curing unit for 40 s, while in Group B the specimens were post-cured in a light-curing oven for 15 min before they were statically loaded with a steel ball.

Bar-shaped test specimens were prepared to measure the flexural properties of material combination using a three-point bending test (ISO 10477).

Results

Analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed all specimens with a FRC substructure have higher values of static load-bearing capacity and flexural properties than those obtained with plain PFC (p<0.001).

Conclusion

The load-bearing capacity of all the specimens decreased after post-curing and water storage.

Restorations made from a material combination of FRC and PFC showed better mechanical properties than those obtained with plain PFC.

Citation

Garoushi SK, Lassila LVJ, Tezvergil A, Vallittu PK. Fiber-reinforced Composite Substructure: Loadbearing Capacity of an Onlay Restoration and Flexural Properties of the Material. J Contemp Dent Pract 2006 September;(7)4:001-008.
Prevalence, Intensity, and Correlation of Different TMJ Symptoms in Lebanese and Italian Subpopulations
Authors: Abou-Atme Youssef S. , Melis Marcello , Zawawi Khalid H.
Published: July 2019

Aim

The aim of this study was to compare self reported joint related temporomandibular disorder (TMD) symptoms in Lebanese and Italian dental and non-dental students and to detect any correlation between different symptoms.

Methods and Materials

A questionnaire was distributed in Sardinia (Italy) to dental and psychology students and in Lebanon to dental, physical therapy, and biology students to investigate the prevalence, intensity, and correlation of four temporomandibular joint (TMJ) symptoms.

Results

Prevalence of earache varied among the groups from 10.1% to 29.2%, ear stuffiness from 22.5% to 30.8%, TMJ pain from 13.2% to 21.2%, and TMJ sounds from 18.4% to 46.2%.

Discussion

Different prevalence and intensity of earache and TMJ sounds were found in the examined subpopulations diverse in cultural background and education. However, prevalence and intensity of ear stuffiness and TMJ pain were similar. Association between TMJ sounds and TMJ pain was detected in selected subpopulations, and correlation between one symptom on one side of the head with the same symptom on the contralateral side were noted suggesting most of these symptoms are bilateral.

Conclusion

The results of the study might be useful to anticipate the possible occurrence of associated symptoms or the same symptom on both sides of the head. Correlations with cultural background and education are difficult to establish.

Citation

Abou-Atme YS, Zawawi KH, Melis M. Prevalence, Intensity, and Correlation of Different TMJ Symptoms in Lebanese and Italian Subpopulations. J Contemp Dent Pract 2006 September;(7)4:071-078.
Effect of Different Bonding Conditions on the Shear Bond Strength of Two Compomers to Bovine Dentin
Authors: Al-Nahedh Hend , Ateyah Nasrien
Published: July 2019

Aim

Despite the improvements to compomer materials, the bond strength of these materials remains inferior to .composite/resin bonding. systems and limits their clinical use. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of acidic conditioning with phosphoric acid and Prompt L-Pop (PLP) on the shear bond strength of two compomers Dyract AP (DAP) and Composan Glass (CG) to dentin.

Methods and Materials

Sixty extracted bovine teeth were used to test the shear bond strength of two compomers to flat dentin labial surfaces. The dentin specimens were randomly assigned to six groups of ten specimens each: Group 1: DAP and Prime & Bond NT (PBNT); Group 2: DAP/PBNT with a 15 second dentin etch prior to bonding; Group 3: DAP placed with PLP adhesive; Group 4: CG and Compobond NE (CBNE); Group 5: CG/CBNE with a 15 second dentin etch; and Group 6: CG placed with PLP adhesive. The specimens were stored at 37°C with 100% humidity for 24 hours then mounted and sheared using an Instron Universal Testing Machine at a cross head speed of 0.5 mm/min. The results were recorded in Mega Pascals (MPa). The sheared specimens were examined under a light microscope, and the type of failure (adhesive, cohesive, or mixed) was recorded.

Results

The mean dentin shear bond strength value (MPa) for the groups was: Group 1 (11.6±3.9); Group 2 (13.2±3.3); Group 3 (12.4±2.0); Group 4 (13.0±4.3); Group 5 (19.3±3.7); and Group 6 (13.1±3.0). One way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey HSD post-hoc tests detected a significantly higher bond strength (P ≤ 0.003) for group 5. For groups 1, 3, 4, and 6, the mode of failure was mostly adhesive. When acid etching of dentin was performed (groups 2 and 5), cohesive fracture within dentin was the predominant mode of failure. Acid etching and the use of PLP significantly reduced the number of adhesive fractures and reduced variability in the shear bond strength results.

Conclusions

Acid etching significantly increased the shear bond strength of CG to dentin but did not affect DAP. The application of PLP resulted in a shear bond strength not statistically different from PBNT or CPNE. CG bond to dentin is improved with acid etching using phosphoric acid. However, PLP provided no significant improvement in the shear bond strength of DAP and CG.

Citation

Al-Nahedh H, Ateyah N. Effect of Different Bonding Conditions on the Shear Bond Strength of Two Compomers to Bovine Dentin. J Contemp Dent Pract 2006 September;(7)4:009-016.
Reasons for Third Molar Teeth Extraction in Jordanian Adults
Authors: Hamasha Abed Al-Hadi , Al Qudah Mansour Ali , Bataineh Anwar Barakat , Safadi Rima Ahmad
Published: July 2019

Aims

To assess reasons for third molar teeth extractions in a sample of Jordanian dental patients and to evaluate the association of extractions with other independent variables.

Methods and Materials

The study sample was comprised of dental patients in North Jordan who had third molar extractions. Data were collected from 36 dentists who were instructed to administer questionnaires to their adult patients undergoing third molar extractions and then to record the primary reason for those extractions. The data in this study was analyzed using a descriptive summary and chi square statistics.

Results

Dentists performed 810 extractions for 648 patients. The reasons for the extractions were: dental caries and its consequences about 42%, eruption problems 39%, periodontal diseases about 7%, and approximately 9% of extractions were a result of the dentist.s choice. The percentage of extractions due to dental caries significantly increased with increasing age. However, significant numbers of teeth were extracted due to eruption problems (51%-69%) in young adults. For 46+ year olds, 23% of extractions were caused by periodontal diseases. Extraction due to dental caries was distributed equally among the sexes. Persons with irregular tooth brushing and fewer dental visits had significantly more third molar teeth extracted due to caries and periodontal diseases compared to persons with regular tooth brushing and dental visits.

Citation

Hamasha AA, Al Qudah MA, Bataineh AB, Safadi RA. Reasons for Third Molar Teeth Extraction in Jordanian Adults. J Contemp Dent Pract 2006 November;(7)5:088-095.
Providing Advanced Degrees in Dental Hygiene via Computer Mediated Distance Learning: A Model Program
Authors: Gadbury-Amyot Cynthia C. , Krust Bray Kimberly S. , Mitchell Tanya Villalpando
Published: July 2019

A chief concern regarding distance education for the health professions is quality of the experience. Distance education has the potential for expanding student access, providing individualized instruction, and promoting active learning among geographically separated members of learning groups. Students and professors who have participated in distance learning platforms have expressed concerns about technical problems, inability to interact in real time with each other, and other frustrations related to this type of delivery. The Dental Hygiene program at the University of Missouri-Kansas City (UMKC) has addressed these issues and enhanced an already successful program by putting the professor, a technologist, and the student in the same space, at the same time, in real time. This enhancement has substantiated the ability of distance education to provide instruction among geographically separated members of learning groups, making it a plausible solution to the shortage of educators in healthcare professions.

Citation

Bray KSK, Gadbury-Amyot CC, Mitchell TV. Providing Advanced Degrees in Dental Hygiene via Computer Mediated Distance Learning: A Model Program. J Contemp Dent Pract 2006 November;(7)5:096-107.
The Effect of Finishing and Polishing Procedures on the Surface Roughness of Composite Resin Materials
Authors: Attar Nuray
Published: July 2019

Aims

The aims of this study were to evaluate the effect of various finishing and polishing procedures on the surface roughness of six different composite resin materials (Artemis Enamel, TPH Spectrum, Filtek A–110, Filtek Supreme Enamel, Solitaire 2, and Filtek P–60) as well as to evaluate the effectiveness of the surface sealant application (BisCover) on the surface roughness after finishing and polishing procedures of tested composites.

Methods and Materials

Specimens (n=168) measuring 5 mm in diameter x 2 mm in thickness were fabricated in a plexiglass well covered with a Mylar strip using six composite resins. A control group of seven specimens of each material received no polishing after being cured under the Mylar strip. Twenty-one specimens for each composite were randomly divided among three finishing and polishing groups (n=7). Each group was polished using a different system: Carbide bur/Sof-Lex disc, Carbide bur/Enhance disc with polishing paste, and Carbide bur/Edenta composite finishing kit. The average surface roughness (Ra, ìm) of the control and treated specimens were measured with the Mitutoyo Surftest–402 Surface Roughness tester. After a surface sealant (BisCover) was applied to all treated specimens, according to manufacturer's instructions, the average roughness (Ra) was measured again. Results were statistically analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the post-hoc Scheffe's test at a p<0.05 significance level.

Results

Significant differences were found for the surface roughness (p<0.05) with interaction among composite resins and the finishing systems used (p<0.05). Enhance/Biscover finishing and polishing procedure surface was not significantly different from the Mylar strip surface groups (p>0.05). The Mylar strip group was not significantly different from the Sof-Lex/BisCover and Edenta/BisCover groups. The ranking of mean Ra values by materials was as follows: Filtek Supreme Enamel < Filtek A110 < TPH Spectrum < Artemis <Filtek P–60 < Solitaire 2. The ranking of mean Ra values by polishing systems was as follows: Enhance/BisCover < Mylar Strip < Sof-Lex/BisCover < Edenta/BisCover < Sof-Lex < Enhance < Edenta.

Conclusion

Smoother surfaces were recorded for the Enhance/BisCover and the Mylar strip-formed surface groups. The composite finishing kit Edenta significantly increased the Ra for all tested composites (p<0.05). But after finishing with Edenta, the use of a surface sealant (BisCover) significantly improved the surface smoothness of all tested composites (p<0.05). Use of BisCover surface sealant on anterior and posterior resin composite restorations after finishing and polishing procedures is recommended.

Citation

Attar N. The Effect of Finishing and Polishing Procedures on the Surface Roughness of Composite Resin Materials. J Contemp Dent Pract 2007 January;(8)1:027-035.
Influence of Trans-operative Complications on Socket Healing Following Dental Extractions
Authors: Adeyemo Wasiu Lanre , Ladeinde Akinola Ladipo , Oguniewe Mobolanle Olugbemiga
Published: July 2019

Aim

Extraction healing complications have been attributed to several factors. The influence of trans-operative complications on an extraction site wound healing was the focus of this investigation.

Methods and Materials

This prospective study was conducted at the Oral Surgery Clinic of the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery of the Lagos University Teaching Hospital (LUTH) in Nigeria . Subjects selected were those referred for one or two adjacent extractions and who satisfied the inclusion criteria for the study. The relevant pre-operative information recorded for each patient were age and sex of patient, indications for extraction, time taken to extract the tooth, tooth/teeth removed, and any trans-operative complications. Extractions were performed with dental forceps, elevators, or both under local anaesthesia. Patients were blindly evaluated on the third and seventh post-operative day for socket healing assessment without reference to preoperative information on the patients.

Results

Seventy-three (24.25%) of 301 teeth considered for socket healing assessment had various transoperative complications due to accidental crown, root, or alveolar bone fractures. Of the 73 extractions with trans-operative complications during extraction, 18 developed a socket healing complication, while 17 of the 228 extractions without trans-operative complications developed socket healing complications (p = .000). The mean (SD) time taken to extract teeth developing healing complications was also found to be significantly longer than those without healing complications (p < .01).

Conclusions

The study demonstrated the combination of tooth/bone fragments in the socket and increased time of extraction due to trans-operative complications and accidents predispose to the development of extraction site wound healing disturbance.

Citation

Adeyemo WL, Ladeinde AL, Ogunlewe MO. Influence of Trans-operative Complications on Socket Healing Following Dental Extractions. J Contemp Dent Pract 2007 January;(8)1:052-059.
A Comparative Evaluation of Self-Reported Oral Hygiene Practices Among Medical and Engineering University Students with Access to Health-promotive Dental Care
Authors: Doshi Dolar , Baldava Pavan , Anup Nagaraj , Sequeira Peter S.
Published: July 2019

Aim

This study was conducted to test the null hypothesis that no difference exists in the oral hygiene knowledge and practices of university students in different courses when they have equal opportunity to access health-promotive dental care.

Methods and Materials

The study was conducted using 120 students each from the medical and engineering colleges at the University of Manipal Academy of Higher Education who had easy access to the dental college within the campus which provides health-promotive dental care to all its patients. A self-administered structured questionnaire consisting of questions on demographic data, oral hygiene knowledge and practices, and dental service utilization patterns was distributed among the students. The data collected was analyzed using SPSS 10 version.

Results

Statistically significant differences were found between the two groups with respect to the knowledge of fluoridated toothpastes, frequency of toothbrush renewal, use of dental floss, and a tongue cleaner (p<0.001). The groups were similar in all other practices including the utilization of dental services. There were no significant differences between the self-reported oral hygiene knowledge and practices among medical and engineering university students, but the knowledge levels of the students were considerably lower than expected.

Citation

Doshi D, Baldava P, Anup N, Sequiera PS. A Comparative Evaluation of Self-Reported Oral Hygiene Practices Among Medical and Engineering University Students with Access to Health-promotive Dental Care. J Contemp Dent Pract 2007 January;(8)1:068-075.
Effectiveness of Second-generation Light-emitting Diode (LED) Light Curing Units
Authors: Ogliari Fabrício Aulo , Campregher Ulisses Bastos , Samuel Susana Maria Werner , Fortes Carmen Beatriz Borges , Medina Alberth David Correa , Collares Fabricio Mezzomo
Published: July 2019

Aim

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of three commercially available light emitting diode (LED) light curing units (LCU) (Elipar FreeLight - 3M ESPE; UltraLume LED2 - Ultradent; and Single V - BioArt) for polymerizing Z250-A3 composite (3M ESPE) using Knoop hardness, polymerization depth, and flexural strength properties.

Methods and Materials

The XL 2500 (3M ESPE) LCU, which is a conventional halogen unit, was used as a control. In all cases the curing time was 20 seconds. Hardness was determined 24 hours after composite cure for 10 samples of 8 mm diameter and 2 mm height for each LCU tested. Samples were stored dry in a lightproof container prior to testing. The depth of cure of the composite was measured immediately after composite polymerization for each LCU using three samples 4 mm in diameter and 6 mm in height. Flexural strength was determined for five samples 24 hours after immersion in distilled water at 37°C. Each sample measured 25 mm in length, 2 mm in width, and 2 mm in height for each LCU tested.

Conclusion

The results were treated statistically for comparison of the LCUs. In all cases the results obtained by LED LCUs were not different or were higher than a conventional halogen LCU.

Clinical Significance

Second generation LED LCUs were as effective as/or more effective than a halogen LCU for polymerization of the used composite. The present study shows second generation LEDs have the potential to replace halogen LCUs.

Citation

Campregher UB, Samuel SMW, Fortes CBB, Medina ADC, Collares FMC, Ogliari FA. Effectiveness of Second-generation Light-emitting Diode (LED) Light Curing Units. J Contemp Dent Pract 2007 February;(8)2:035-042.
Effect of Two Light-emitting Diode (LED) and One Halogen Curing Light on the Microleakage of Class V Flowable Composite Restorations
Authors: Korkmaz Yonca , Attar Nuray
Published: July 2019

Aim

The disadvantages of light cured composite resin materials with respect to microleakage are predominantly a result of polymerization shrinkage upon curing. It has been shown curing methods play a significant role in polymerization shrinkage of light-cured composite resins. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of light-emitting diode (LED) light curing units (LCUs) compared with a halogen LCU on microleakage of three different flowable composites using self-etch adhesives.

Methods and Materials

A total of 63 extracted human premolars were prepared with standardized Class V cavity preparations on the buccal and lingual surfaces of each tooth. The occusal margin of the cavities was located on the enamel and the gingival margin was on dentin. Teeth were randomly assigned to three groups of 21 teeth each as follows: Group 1: Adper Prompt L-Pop + Filtek Flow (3M ESPE); Group 2: AdheSE + Tetric Flow (Ivoclar, Vivadent); and Group 3: Clearfil Protect Bond + Clearfil Protect Liner F (Kuraray Medical Inc.). All the groups were subdivided into three groups according to the curing lights used (n=7). Two LED LCUs, Elipar FreeLight and Elipar FreeLight 2 (3M ESPE), and one halogen-based LCU, Hilux Expert (Benlioglu), were used. All teeth were then immersed in 0.5% basic fuchsin dye solution for 24 hours after thermocycling (500 cycles; between 5°C to 55°C). The teeth then were longitudinally sectioned and observed under a stereomicroscope (40X magnification) by two examiners. The degree of dye penetration was recorded separately for enamel and dentin. Data were analyzed with the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests with the Bonferroni correction.

Results

No statistically significant differences in microleakage were observed between groups either on enamel or dentin (p>0.05).

Conclusion

With the limitation of this in vitro study, the differences in microleakage between LCUs used were not statistically significantly different. Elipar Free Light 2 reduces curing time which can be considered as an advantage.

Citation

Attar N, Korkmaz Y. Effect of Two Light-emitting Diode (LED) and One Halogen Curing Light on the Microleakage of Class V Flowable Composite Restorations. J Contemp Dent Pract 2007 February;(8)2:080-088.
HIV: Infection Control Issues For Oral Healthcare Personnel
Authors: Terezhalmy Geza T. , Huber Michaell A.
Published: July 2019

Aim

To present the essential elements of an infection control/exposure control plan in the oral healthcare setting with emphasis on HIV infection.

Methods and Materials

A comprehensive review of the literature was conducted with special emphasis on HIV-related infection control issues in the oral healthcare setting.

Results

Currently available knowledge related to HIV-related infection control issues is supported by data derived from well-conducted trials or extensive, controlled observations, or, in the absence of such data, by best-informed, most authoritative opinion available.

Conclusion

Essential elements of an effective HIV-related infection control plan include: (1) education and training related to the etiology and epidemiology of HIV infection and exposure prevention; (2) plans for the management of oral healthcare personnel potentially exposed to HIV and for the follow-up of oral healthcare personnel exposed to HIV; and (3) a policy for work restriction of HIV-positive oral healthcare personnel.

Clinical Significance

While exposure prevention remains the primary strategy for reducing occupational exposure to HIV, knowledge about potential risks and concise written procedures that promote a seamless response following occupational exposure can greatly reduce the emotional impact of an accidental needlestick injury.

Citation

Huber MA, Terezhalmy GT. HIV: Infection Control Issues For Oral Healthcare Personnel. J Contemp Dent Pract 2007 March;(8)3:001-012.
Transmigration of Mandibular Canines: A Report of Six Cases and a Review of the Literature
Authors: Sumer Pinar , Sumer Mahmut , Ozden Bora , Otan Feyza
Published: July 2019

Background

The transmigration of a mandibular canine is a rare phenomenon, the etiology of which is not clear. The literature on this rare condition is reviewed, and six cases of transmigrated mandibular canines are presented.

Report

Panoramic radiographic examination of six patients revealed each patient had one impacted transmigrated mandibular canine. Of the six impacted teeth, the left mandibular canine was involved in four instances and the right in two. In one case the transmigrated canine was associated with a dentigerous cyst.

Transmigration of the mandibular canine is a rare event, and early radiographic examination of the patient is important for treatment. In addition, future studies may lead to a better understanding of this rare anomaly and improvement of the classification criteria.

Citation

Sumer A, Sumer M, Ozden B, Otan F. Transmigration of Mandibular Canines: A Report of Six Cases and a Review of the Literature. J Contemp Dent Pract 2007 March;(8)3:104-110.
Attitudes of Romanian Dental Students Towards Tobacco and Alcohol
Authors: Dumitrescu Alexandrina L.
Published: July 2019

Aim

The aim of this study was to assess smoking and alcohol use in male and female Romanian dental students and to compare this with different levels of education.

Methods and Materials

A total of 315 questionnaires were distributed to male and female dental students (first to sixth year students).

Results

Among the 315 respondents, 37.33% were smokers and 71.04% o f students used alcohol on a regular basis. Overall, there was a 30-day smoking prevalence of 32.47%. Among those who smoked daily, 24% were sixth year students and only 10% were first year. The average number of cigarettes smoked was thirteen cigarettes per day with males smoking more than females (p<0.0001). The average number of years as a smoker was five years, with fifth and sixth year students smoking longer than others (p<0.001). The average age when students started to smoke was 17.15 years. Statistically significant differences were observed between genders related to alcohol drinking (p<0.0001). Significant linear relationships were shown between smoking and alcohol consumption (r2=0.47, p<0.0001).

Conclusion

There was a clear difference in smoking and alcohol consumption between groups of Romanian dental students.

Citation

Dumitrescu AL. Attitudes of Romanian Dental Students Towards Tobacco and Alcohol. J Contemp Dent Pract 2007 March;(8)3:064-071.
Hematoma Following Periodontal Surgery with a Torus Reduction: A Case Report
Authors: Mantzikos Katherine , Segelnick Stuart L. , Schoor Robert
Published: July 2019

Background

There are no published case reports that hematomas occur on the floor of the mouth as a result of periodontal surgery.

Report

These three case reports document post surgical hematoma formation on the floor of the mouth that pose problems with the diagnosis, prognosis, and patient management. All cases involved periodontal surgery where extensive reduction of tori and bony exostoses were required. Two cases resulted in hematomas in the floor of the mouth. However, a change in the post surgical management for a third case demonstrated possible prevention of hematoma formation.

Hematomas in the floor of the mouth can be a resolving post surgical phenomenon or a serious vascular insult to this region of the oral cavity. This report clarifies the diagnosis, prognosis, and the best management protocol through the presentation of three cases.

Citation

Mantzikos K, Segelnick SL, Schoor R. Hematoma Following Periodontal Surgery with a Torus Reduction: A Case Report. J Contemp Dent Pract 2007 March;(8)3:072-080
Transcultural Barriers and Cultural Competence in Dental Hygiene Practice
Authors: Almas Khalid , Rayman Salim
Published: July 2019

Aim

The aim of this paper is to highlight the need to integrate cultural care into dental hygiene practice.

Background

Culture can be better understood through the concepts, beliefs, and norms of the culturally diverse population of the United States. It is important to understand cultural perceptions of oral health in order to manage transcultural barriers that may arise during the utilization of oral healthcare services. It is assumed cultural competence can only be achieved through the knowledge of various cultural backgrounds in an extremely diverse US population.

Conclusions

There is a need to integrate cultural awareness, knowledge, identification, and respect into the dental hygiene curriculum through the incorporation of competencies and standards associated with dental hygiene practice. Future dental hygienists should be culturally competent to render oral care to an ever expanding and diversified US population.

Citation

Rayman S, Almas K. Transcultural Barriers and Cultural Competence in Dental Hygiene Practice. J Contemp Dent Pract 2007 May;(8)4:043-051.
Osteochondroma of the Mandibular Condyle: Literature Review and Report of a Case
Authors: Martins Wilson Denis , de Oliveira Ribas Marina , de Sousa Maria Helena , Zanferrari Fernando Luiz , Lanzoni Thais
Published: July 2019

Aim

The intent of this report is to present a brief review of the literature on osteochondroma and to present a case involving the surgical removal and replacement of a major portion of the condyle and angle of the mandible using free autogenous mandibular bone.

Background

While osteochondroma is the most common tumor of skeletal bones, it is relatively uncommon in the jaws occuring at the condyle or the tip of the coronoid process. This benign cartilage-capped growth is usually discovered incidentally on radiographic examination or on palpation of a protruding mass in the affected area. Malocclusion and progressive facial asymmetry are common findings in most cases of condylar osteochondroma.

Report

A case of a 29-year-old woman with an osteochondroma of the mandibular condyle is presented. Surgical treatment was tumor resection, grafting, and reshaping of the mandibular angle and ramus. As this lesion is usually asymptomatic and discovered incidentally on radiographic examination, the general practitioner usually is the first professional to make the diagnosis.

Condylectomy cannot be recommended as routine in all cases.37 Common surgical treatments include condylectomy and reconstruction.24 If the tumor involves only a limited area of the condylar surface, then preservation of the remaining portion of the condyle and reshaping should be done. Reasons for not taking such a conservative approach are the possibilities of malignancy and the risk of recurrence. In this case report the extraoral vertical ramus osteotomy, associated with free autogenous mandibular bone, presented several advantages.

Citation

de Oliveira Ribas M, Martins WD, de Sousa MH, Zanferrari FL, Lanzoni T. Osteochondroma of the Mandibular Condyle: Literature Review and Report of a Case. J Contemp Dent Pract 2007 May;(8)4:052-059.
Primary Tuberculosis of the Tongue: A Case Report
Authors: Garg Rajeev Kr. , Singhai Pawan
Published: July 2019

Aim

The purpose of this article is to report a rare case of primary tuberculosis of the tongue.

Background

Tuberculosis is an infectious, chronic granulomatous disease that can involve almost any organ in the body, but primary lesions are usually confined to the lungs. Oral lesions are an infrequent occurrence in tuberculosis, and tuberculosis of the oral cavity is often a consequence of active pulmonary tuberculosis. Although primary tuberculosis in the oral cavity has been documented, it is a rare occurrence.

Report

A 42-year-old male patient presented with chief complaints of severe pain and ulceration on the ventrolateral surface of the left side of the tongue, measuring about 1.25×1.50 cm with surrounding erythema and induration of one-month duration. The ulcer was initially painless but became painful later with increased severity over time. The sore tongue caused difficulty in eating, drinking, swallowing, and even talking. The patient also complained of malaise for some duration, but there was no history of fever, cough, weight loss, and his bladder-bowel habits were normal. An excisional biopsy differentiated the lesion from squamous cell carcinoma and confirmed the diagnosis.

Even though primary tuberculosis in the oral cavity is a rare finding, it must be included in the differential diagnosis of mucosal lesions. This case provides a clinical example of the importance of this inclusion for the well being of the patient and for the community due to the communicable nature of the disease.

Citation

Garg RK, Singhal P. Primary Tuberculosis of the Tongue: A Case Report. J Contemp Dent Pract 2007 May;(8)4:074-080.
Chlorhexidine's Effect on Sealing Ability of Composite Restorations Following Er:YAG Laser Cavity Preparation
Authors: Geraldo-Martins Vinicius R. , Robles Fabio R.P. , Matos Adriana B.
Published: July 2019

Aim

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of chlorhexidine on microleakage of composite restorations in class V cavities prepared with a carbide bur (CB) and a erbium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Er:YAG) laser.

Methods and Materials

Cavity preparations were created on the buccal surfaces of 48 bovine incisors using different methods then equally dividing them into four groups. Groups I and II were prepared with a #56 CB in a high speed handpiece while Groups III and IV were prepared with a Er:YAG laser at 350m J/4Hz on enamel and at 80.24 J/cm2 on dentin. The cavity preparations were rinsed with 2% chlorhexidine solution before the application of Clearfill SE Bond system and placement of a Z100 composite resin restoration. After 24 hours, the teeth were polished, thermocycled, and sealed with cosmetic varnish. The samples were then immersed in 2% methylene blue for four hours and sectioned in the buccolingual direction to determine the degree of microleakage.

Results

After statistical analysis (Kruskal-Wallis, p<0.05), no significant differences were verified among the tested groups and between the evaluated cervical or incisal margins of the restoration.

Conclusion

The use of the chlorhexidine did not interfere with the adhesion process regardless of whether a CB or the Er:YAG laser were used to prepare class V cavities when restored with the tested self-etching adhesive system.

Citation

Geraldo-Martins VR, Robles FRP, Matos AB. Chlorhexidine's Effect on Sealing Ability of Composite Restorations Following Er:YAG Laser Cavity Preparation. J Contemp Dent Pract 2007 July;(8)5:026-033.
Dentin Bond Strength of Composites with Self-etching Adhesives Using LED Curing Lights
Authors: Korkmaz Yonca , Attar Nuray
Published: July 2019

Aim

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of light-emitting diode (LED) light curing units (LCUs) compared with halogen LCUs on the shear bond strength (SBS) of one nanofill composite (Filtek Supreme) and one microhibrid composite (Artemis) with self-etch adhesives.

Methods and Materials

The buccal surfaces of 60 non-carious extracted human molars were flattened to expose dentin and, subsequently, polished for 60 seconds with 600-grit wet silicon carbide abrasive paper. Specimens were assigned into six groups (n=10) according to composite material, self-etch adhesive, and curing light used as follows: Group 1: Adper Prompt L-Pop (AP) and Filtek Supreme (FS) using an Elipar Free Light (EFL); Group 2: AP and FS using an Elipar Free Light 2 (EFL2); Group 3: AP and FS using a Hilux Expert (HE) light, Group 4: AdheSE (AS)+Artemis (AR) using an EFL; Group 5: AS+AR using an EFL2; and Group 6: AS+AR using a HE light. The specimens were thermocycled for 500 cycles (5°C–55°C) and then loaded to failure in a Zwick universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 5 mm/minute. SBS values were calculated as megapascals (MPa) and statistically analyzed using the one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test at a significance level of 0.05.

Results

Mean SBS (± standard deviations) values were as follows: Group1: 15.99±5.18; Group 2: 18.76±6.71; Group 3: 17.70±5.04; Group 4: 16.93±3.99; Group 5: 18.01±5.19, and Group 6: 17.46±5.40. There were no statistically significant differences for SBS to dentin among the groups tested.

Conclusion

The LED curing lights used in the study seem to be comparable with the halogen curing light for nanofill and microhybrid composites used in conjunction with self-etching systems in dentin. The EFL2 reduces curing time, which can be considered as an advantage.

Citation

Korkmaz Y, Attar N. Dentin Bond Strength of Composites with Self-etching Adhesives Using LED Curing Lights. J Contemp Dent Pract 2007 July;(8)5:034-042.
Smokers’ Melanosis in a Nigerian Population: A Preliminary Study
Authors: Nwhator Solomon O. , Winfunke-Savage Kofo , Ayanbadejo Patricia , Jeboda Sunny O.
Published: July 2019

Aim

Terms relating to pigmentation of the oral mucosa include physiologic (racial) pigmentation, oral pigmented nevi, oral melanotic maculae, melanoma, and smokers’ melanosis. The literature is replete with studies about oral mucosal pigmentation which is thought to result from melanin incontinence. The documented etiological factors are both local and systemic and include hormones, drugs, smoking, and idiopathic causes. This study investigated the prevalence of melanosis among Nigerian smokers and controls who were non-smokers.

Methods and Materials

A total of 1270 sites were examined in 253 subjects consisting of 60 smokers and 193 non-smokers. They were all systemically healthy adults drawn from 12 factories located in different urban and rural settings in the state of Lagos in Nigeria. Five oral mucosal sites were examined per subject. A single examiner performed all examinations and recorded all findings. Pigmentation was scored either as “present” or “absent.” Subjects’ smoking status, degree, and duration of smoking were ascertained and recorded using an examiner-administered questionnaire.

Results

There were five pigmented sites (0.52%) among non-smokers and 18 (6%) among smokers. The buccal mucosa was the most frequently pigmented site found in smokers while the lingual mucosa was the most common site found for non-smokers. The prevalence of pigmented sites increased directly among smokers with the duration of smoking (years); degree of smoking (cigarettes smoked per day); and smoking pack-years (degree of smoking divided by 20 and multiplied by duration of smoking, where 20 is the average number of cigarettes in a pack of cigarettes). SPSS version 11.0 was used for data entry and analysis. Frequency distributions were generated for all categorical variables for descriptive aspects of the analysis. Means were determined for quantitative variables such as age and number of cigarettes smoked. For homogenous variances, the student's t test was used for quantitative variables between smokers and nonsmokers, while for non-homogenous variances the Mann-Whitney test was adopted. Chi-square statistic was used for comparisons between smokers and non-smokers. In tables with low expected frequencies, Fisher's exact test was adopted. Statistical tests yielding p-values =/<0.5 were considered significant.

Conclusions

Smokers in this study had a significantly higher prevalence of pigmented oral mucosal sites (melanosis) than non-smokers. The number of pigmented sites increased with the degree and duration of smoking. The buccal mucosa was the most frequently pigmented site found among the smokers in this study.

Citation

Nwhator SO, Winfunke-Savage K, Ayanbadejo P, Jeboda SO. Smokers’ Melanosis in a Nigerian Population: A Preliminary Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2007 July;(8)5:068-075.
Effect of Light Curing Units on Marginal Adaptation and Hardness of Class II Composite Resin Restorations
Authors: Cavalcante Larissa Maria , Peris Alessandra Resende , Pimenta Luiz André Freire , Silikas Nick
Published: July 2019

Aims

The aim of this study was to test the influence of different curing protocols on dentin marginal adaptation and the hardness of two composites.

Methods and Materials

Three light-curing-units (LCUs): Quartz-Tungsten-Halogen (QTH: 541mW/cm2), Argon-Ion-Laser (AL: 277mW/cm2), and Plasma-Arc-Curing (PAC: 1818mW/cm2) and two composites FiltekZ250 (F) and Tetric Ceram HB (TC) were tested. Sixty standardized “vertical-slot-Class II-cavities” were prepared at the mesial surface of bovine incisors and divided into six groups (n=10). Composites were placed using the Single Bond adhesive system and cured in 2 mm increments according to the manufacturers’ instructions. After polishing, epoxy replicas were processed for scanning electron microscopy (SEM) marginal adaptation analysis at 500x magnification. The specimens were then sectioned transversally to the dental long axis, embedded in polyester resin, then polished and submitted to the Knoop hardness test at gingival and occlusal portions of the restoration. Data were analyzed using two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's test (p=0.05).

Results

The gap margins ranged between 4.3 to 5.8 μm, and no statistically significant differences were revealed in marginal adaptation for LCUs or for composites (p>0.05). Location influenced hardness (p≤0.01). The occlusal portion presented significantly higher KHN than the gingival portion for all composite-LCU combinations. Regardless of the LCU used, TC produced statistically significant lower hardness values (ranging between 82.8 to 110.7 KHN) than F (ranging between 105.9 to 117.3 KHN).

Conclusions

Hardness and gap formation were not dependent on the LCUs tested in this study. Different resin composite was found to be a significant factor with regards to hardness but not gap formation.

Citation

Cavalcante LM, Peris AR, Silikas N, Pimenta LAF. Effect of Light Curing Units on Marginal Adaptation and Hardness of Class II Composite Resin Restorations. J Contemp Dent Pract 2007 November; (8)7:038-045.