bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE INFLUENCE OF THE CRAFT PRODUCT BRAND ON THE EFFICIENCY OF THE AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISE IN THE CONDITIONS OF DIGITALIZATION
Authors:   Sumy National Agrarian University, KRASNORUTSKYY Oleksiy , YAZLYUK Borys , STETSENKO Iryna ,   West Ukrainian National University
Published: July 2023

Craft production is a special sector of entrepreneurship based on creative approaches and close interaction with the consumer. The trend of the development of handicrafts in the agricultural sphere has long been characteristic of Europe and of Ukraine. The use of information technologies allows to expand communications, changes the status of their participants, facilitates spatial interaction in the network. The purpose of the study is to determine the nature of the influence of the craft product brand on the efficiency of the agricultural enterprise in modern conditions of digitalization. It was determined that the business related to the craft product is not relevant for agricultural producers of Ukraine. It has certain development triggers and needs formed in the market. In the conditions of digitalization, the priorities and forms of organization of work with clients are changing significantly, which should be taken into account when building a branding strategy of a craft manufacturer. Attention is paid to issues related to the formation of brand attributes. In the conditions of digitalization, they include those objects that are included in the information field of the brand, and thanks to which the consumer pays attention, perceives the craft product and the space associated with it. The problem points of choosing the name of the company and the product as a component of the brand have been identified. The practice of naming craft agricultural producers of Ukraine was analyzed. Reasoned opportunities and conditions for the use of digital tools in the branding of craft products of an agricultural enterprise, which depend on the purpose of communication and the digital skills of the producer. In modern conditions, a strong brand can perform the function of an airbag, although in crisis situations it will lose part of its value. It is extremely important to invest material and intellectual resources in the formation, development, and promotion of the brand at the very beginning of the craft business. Therefore, the influence of the craft product brand on the efficiency of the agricultural enterprise in the conditions of digitalization is increasing and becoming a prerequisite for success in the future.
La lúdica y la recreación, repercusión en el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes con discapacidad
Authors:   Corporación Universitaria Minuto de Dios, Miranda-Beltrán Sorangela , Yepes-Sánchez Diana Zoraida ,   Corporación Universitaria Minuto de Dios
Published: July 2023

Introducción: las actividades lúdicas son de gran relevancia para el desarrollo cognitivo, motor, social y psicológico de los estudiantes. Objetivo: el objetivo de este reporte de caso es mostrar, de manera detallada, las características en la implementación de una estrategia didáctica, basada en la lúdica, la recreación y el deporte, para el mejoramiento académico de los estudiantes con discapacidad. Materiales y métodos: el estudio se llevó a cabo entre 2020 y 2021, en la Institución Educativa Jacinto Vega - sede Central Secundaria, del municipio de Santa María Boyacá, teniendo un corte cualitativo, con un método de estudio de caso y una muestra no probabilística por criterio, que incluyó los niños, niñas, jóvenes y adolescentes. Resultados y discusión: se encontró que los estudiantes tienen conocimientos en el manejo de lectura sencilla, escritura, números hasta cien y desarrollo de operaciones básicas (suma, resta y multiplicación); por otra parte, los hallazgos evidenciaron que la educación física sirve como base para la transversalidad con las diferentes áreas, apoyando y reforzando temas, fortaleciendo valores y actitudes positivas, mejorando la calidad de vida. Conclusión: se encontró que la aplicación de la estrategia lúdica, recreativa y deportiva mejoró, tanto el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes con discapacidad como su participación e integración, mostrando que se deben actualizar, de forma continua, las carpetas del Plan Individualizado de Ajustes Razonables, al igual que el Proyecto Educativo Institucional.
Actividad física en adolescentes mexicanos en el periodo 2006-2021: análisis breve y algunas observaciones
Authors:   Universidad de Sonora, Piña-López Julio Alfonso , García-Alvarado Martín Gildardo ,   Universidad de Sonora
Published: July 2023

Introducción: la práctica de conductas de prevención es fundamental para mitigar el sobrepeso y la obesidad, destacando por su importancia la actividad física, en los adolescentes. Objetivo: analizar la conducta de realizar actividad física en adolescentes mexicanos, entre los 10 y 19 años, en el periodo 2006-2021. Materiales y métodos: se revisaron seis Encuestas Nacionales de Salud y Nutrición en México. Para estimar los gradientes de crecimiento se utilizó una fórmula, que consideró los porcentajes finales menos los iniciales, divididos entre los años finales menos los iniciales. Resultados y discusión: en el grupo de adolescentes entre los 10 y 14 años, la inactividad física presentó un incremento negativo, pasando, en 2012, del 58,6 al 84,6 %, en 2018-2019. Al analizar los porcentajes de inactividad en función del género son más elevados en el grupo de adolescentes hombres, independientemente, de si pertenecen al subgrupo de edad de los 10-14 o de los 10-18 (o 10-19). La inactividad física contribuye a que los adolescentes entre 10 y 19 años sean más proclives a desarrollar sobrepeso, obesidad y enfermedades crónicas, como la diabetes e hipertensión. Conclusiones: en el seno de los hogares y de las escuelas, se requieren impulsar programas para promover la actividad física moderada y vigorosa en adolescentes mexicanos.
Wpływ dyrektyw 2019/770 oraz 2019/771 na poziom ochrony konsumenta w ramach reżimu rękojmi w prawie polskim
Authors: Południak-Gierz Katarzyna
Published: July 2023

Legislative changes introduced during the transposition of Directives 2019/770 and 2019/771 affected the level of consumer protection in Polish law in different ways. Regulating contracts for the supply of digital content and services, introducing new criteria for compliance with the contract, expressly requiring a qualified consensus if the subject of the contract is defined as deviating from the standard, addressing the issue of update, legal defects, partial withdrawal from the contract, and the possibility of withholding payment of the price until fulfillment of obligations due to non-compliance of the item with the contract improved consumers’ protection. In contrast, introducing a hierarchy of remedies for non-conformity of sold goods and the obligation to take into account the need to promote more sustainable consumption and circular economy when interpreting the provisions transposing Directive 2019/771 have a negative impact on consumer legal position. Finally, chosen manner of transposition lead to the fragmentation of the system of liability for non-conformity with the sales contract and further fragmentation of the regulation of contracts for the supply of digital content and services.
PENGARUH WHISTLEBLOWING, KOMPETENSI SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA DAN INTERNAL CONTROL SYSTEM TERHADAP PENCEGAHAN FRAUD DANA PSR
Authors: Andini
Published: July 2023

Peremajaan Sawit Rakyat (PSR) is a program to help smallholders renew their oil palm plantations with more sustainable, quality palm oil, reducing the risk of illegal land clearing. In an effort to prevent fraud / fraud of PSR funds, BPDKS distributes funds through escrow accounts of plantation institutions. This is for transaction security. Furthermore, in the implementation of PSR, an audit was carried out by BPK and Sucofindo as institutions appointed by BPDPKS. Fraud prevention can be influenced by several factors such as whistleblowing, human resource competence and internal control system. Whistleblowing as disclosure of unlawful acts, unethical and immoral acts or other acts that can cause losses to the organization and stakeholders. The purpose of this study is: To determine the effect of whistleblowing on Fraud Prevention, HR Competence and Internal Control System affect Fraud Prevention. Research variables (whistleblowing, human resource competence and internal control system) with a total of 52 samples. Descriptive statistical analysis is used to determine the tendency of each research variable. The average whistleblowing score, human resource competence and internal control system were 32.46, 26.96 and 63.77. The average fraud prevention score was 41.25. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded Whistleblowing, Human resource competence and 3.     Internal control system affects the prevention of fraud of PSR funds.
Diagnostics of Atmospheric Plasma Jets of Helium and Argon Barrier Discharge in a Cylindrical Microwave Cavity Resonator
Authors: Astafiev Aleksandr M. , Altmark Aleksandr M. , Lesiv Nikita A. , Chirtsov Alexander S.
Published: July 2023

Introduction. Technologies related to the use of low-temperature atmospheric plasmas are developing at a rapid pace. Creation of new low-temperature plasma sources for specific applications requires monitoring of dynamic processes in such discharges with a high time resolution. Electron concentration is one the most important plasma characteristics, which can be very low for a low-temperature atmospheric pressure plasma. However, the methods currently available for diagnostics of gas-discharge plasmas are either characterized by insufficient sensitivity or unable to monitor dynamic processes in non-stationary discharges. In this regard, the development of new diagnostic approaches to low-temperature atmospheric plasma seems to be a relevant research direction.Aim. To develop a diagnostic method for an atmospheric plasma with a low gas temperature and a low electron concentration in a cylindrical microwave resonator.Materials and methods. The proposed diagnostic method is based on the well-known principle of measuring the frequency shift and the Q-factor of the eigenmodes of the microwave resonator, inside which the plasma under study is located.Results. Measurements of the atmospheric barrier discharge plasma jets in a helium and argon stream in a cylindrical microwave resonator were performed. The proposed geometry made it possible to significantly increase the sensitivity of measurements. It became possible to exclude the effect of polarization degeneracy in a round cylindrical resonator. The developed system was also tested on test objects with a known value of permittivity.Conclusion. A method for microwave diagnostics of stationary and non-stationary cold atmospheric plasma jets in a cylindrical resonator, inside which transmitting and receiving antennas are installed, as well as an orthogonal thin conductor preventing the excitation of undesirable modes, was developed.
Nonparametric Bayesian Networks as a Tool of Multiscale Time Series Analysis and Remote Sensing Data Integration
Authors: Pyko Nikita S. , Tishin Denis V. , Iskandirov Pavel Yu. , Gafurov Artur M. , Usmanov Bulat M. , Bogachev Mikhail I.
Published: July 2023

Introduction. Nonparametric Bayesian networks are a promising tool for analyzing, visualizing, interpreting and predicting the structural and dynamic characteristics of complex systems. Modern interdisciplinary research involves the complex processing of heterogeneous data obtained using sensors of various physical nature. In the study of the forest fund, both methods of direct dendrological measurements and methods of remote observation using unmanned aerial vehicles are widely used. Information obtained using these methods must be analyzed in conjunction with hydrometeorological monitoring data.Aim. Investigation of the possibility of automating the monitoring of the well-being of the forest fund based on the integration of ground survey data, remote multispectral measurements and hydrometeorological observations using the mathematical apparatus of nonparametric Bayesian networks.Materials and methods. To assess the long-term joint dynamics of natural and climatic indicators and the radial growth of trees, a modified method of multiscale cross-correlation analysis was used with the removal of the background trend described by the moving average model. Relationships between various indicators were estimated based on the unconditional and conditional nonparametric Spearman correlation coefficients, which were used to reconstruct and parameterize the nonparametric Bayesian network.Results. A multiscale nonparametric Bayesian network was constructed to characterize both unconditional and conditional statistical relationships between parameters obtained from remote sensing, hydroclimatic and dendrological measurements. The proposed model showed a good quality of the plant fund state forecasting. The correlation coefficients between the observed and predicted indicators exceed 0.6, with the correlation coefficient comprising 0.77 when predicting the growth trend of annual tree rings.Conclusion. The proposed nonparametric Bayesian network model reflects the relationship between various factors that affect the forest ecosystem. The Bayesian network can be used to assess risks and improve environmental management planning.
Verifying Measurements of Surface Current Velocities by X-Band Coherent Radar Using Drifter Data
Authors: Gorbunov Igor G. , Veremyev Vladimir I. , Shestak Vadim D. , Komarov Gleb V. , Myslenkov Stanislav A. , Silvestrova Ksenia P.
Published: July 2023

Introduction. Conventional contact measurements of hydrographic parameters frequently fail to provide the necessary accuracy of data in the field of water area monitoring. This problem can be solved using coherent radars enabling direct measurements of surface current velocities.Aim. To establish the accuracy of surface current velocities measured by a Doppler radar using drifter data.Materials and methods. In June 2022, coastal operational oceanography studies were conducted at the hydrophysical test site of the Institute of Oceanology of the Russian Academy of Sciences in the Black Sea near Gelendzhik. Measurements were carried out using a coherent X-band radar installed on the Ashamba research vessel simultaneously with drifter experiments using Lagrangian drifters of the near-surface layer with an underwater 0.5 m sail. Coordinates were transmitted via mobile communication. The drifter data on the current velocity and direction were used to verify radar measurements. Measurements were taken onboard of the research vessel at a low speed and different distances from the shore, near the drifters. The tracks of the vessel and drifters were recorded simultaneously. Processing of the radar data involved obtaining Doppler spectra of signals to estimate the dynamic processes on the sea surface, including the current velocity.Results. Radial components of the near-surface current velocity were calculated. Then, the current velocity values obtained based on the drifter and radar data were compared.Conclusion. The present work makes a contribution to the advancement of methods for measuring surface currents from the board of a moving ship by Doppler radars. The obtained results confirm the suitability of the radar hardware and software and signal processing algorithms for measuring currents. The radar measurement data were found agree well with drifter data in the velocity range from 15 cm/s.
Inklusi Teologi : Antara Agama dan Teknologi dalam Perspektif Naquib Al-Attas
Authors: Septy Oktavia  , Diva Try Syafrielia  , Khoirun Nisa Alhabibah  , Lisa Qotrun Nandini
Published: July 2023

The relationship between religion and technology is an important topic in the study of religion and technological development. Nauqib, a muslim scientist, provides a unique perspective on this matter. Nauqib realizes thet technology can make it easier to worship and spread religious messages, but he also realize that technology can have a negative impact on moral and spiritual values. Nauqib emphasizes the importance of education and awareness of technological ethics for muslim, so that they can utilize technology for good and not become slaves to technology. Nauqib also highlights the importance of  the involvement of religious scholars and leaders in technology development. Nauqib’s perspective underscores the importance of harmony between religion and technology. Technology can be useful tool for muslims in strengthening religious practice and improving quality of life, provided it is used wisely and does not violte religious principles.
Cystinuria: A rare cause of bladder stone
Authors: Babu Amalu Marutholil , Radhakrishnan Radhika Chemmangattu , Uthup Susan , Vasudevan Beena Sushamma
Published: July 2023

Cystinuria is an inherited metabolic disorder progressing with recurrent kidney stones due to impaired reabsorption of dibasic amino acids and arises from mutations in the SLC3A1 and SLC7A9 on chromosome 2. Here, we present the case of a 1-year 10-month-old male child with recurrent episodes of urinary tract infections. On evaluation, duplex kidneys and a large bladder calculus were found which was surgically managed. Stone analysis and the genetic study were suggestive of cystinuria.
Pleural empyema after COVID-19: A delayed presentation
Authors: Haridas Sruthi , K Subin , E Abdurahiman
Published: July 2023

Globally, the number of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) cases and deaths shows a declining trend since a peak in January 2022. For now, the pandemic phase looks to be ended, until a severe new variant may trigger another wave. At present, in India, small pockets of COVID-19 cases and post-COVID complications are still being reported. Therefore, physicians should remain vigilant about the atypical presentations and potential delayed or long-term complications of SARS-CoV-2 infection, even in individuals who had a mild COVID-19 infection. Here, we present the case of a 52-year-old male patient with a history of hypertension, who is a non-smoker and developed culture-negative pleural empyema 7 months after a mild COVID-19 infection. The patient was successfully treated with antibiotics and early video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery.
CONTENT AND METHODOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS OF STRATEGIC PLANNING
Authors:   Vinnytsia Institute of University «Ukraine», Shved Vadym , Shlinchuk Victor ,   Vinnytsia Institute of University «Ukraine»
Published: July 2023

The article examines the content and methodological foundations of strategic planning of a modern enterprise, primarily as a basis for determining the plans and objectives of an enterprise, including the volume and structure of the product range, and the resources required for its production and sale. The key differences between strategic and tactical planning are presented. The components of the planning system are considered. A generalized model of planning at an enterprise is presented, as well as a general system of enterprise plans that lie in the field of operational and strategic management and which are advisable to use. One of the manifestations of strategic planning - business planning – is studied, the essence and goals of business planning are considered. The author provides a list of the most well-known and internationally tested international business planning methods. Since strategic planning determines the goal and means of its achievement, it is quite logical to consider the existing classifications of strategic planning stages and determine the most concise and affordable option for entrepreneurship in modern conditions. It is argued that strategic planning is an adaptive process which involves regular development and adjustment of formalized plans with due regard to changes occurring inside and outside the enterprise. Within this process, four main types of management activities can be distinguished: resource allocation; adaptation to the external environment; internal; and organizational strategic foresight. It is noted that administrative tools such as tactics, policies, procedures and rules are used to implement enterprise strategies. The author provides a list of key features of strategic planning, including the need to monitor and coordinate all enterprise operations; defining in the strategies specific measures for the actual implementation of all goals and objectives; thorough and timely identification of threats and adequate response to them; ensuring a close relationship between multi-level strategic, tactical and business plans; etc. which should be considered under martial law.
MODERN SOCIO-ECONOMIC PROBLEMS OF ECOLOGICAL TOURISM FUNCTIONING ON THE TERRITORY OF THE UKRAINIAN CARPATHIANS FOREST FUND IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE WAR
Authors:   Ukrainian National Forestry University, Fomicheva Tetiana , Dubovich Ion ,   Ukrainian National Forestry University, Vasylyshyn Khrystyna ,   Ukrainian National Forestry University
Published: July 2023

The socio-economic problems that inhibit the effective functioning of ecological tourism on the territory of the Ukrainian Carpathians forest fund in the modern conditions of Russia’s war against Ukraine are considered. Attention is paid to the reduction of the main revenues to the budget from the tourism business in Ukraine. The negative consequences of the war and their impact on the territory of Ukraine are analyzed. It was emphasized that the hostilities on the territory of Ukraine increase the emission of greenhouse gases, which is the main cause of acid rain, which negatively affects the human body and the environment. It is substantiated that ecological tourism remains popular among Ukrainians, in particular in the west of Ukraine. The development of ecological tourism on the territory of the Ukrainian Carpathians forest fund is based on changes related to the transition from one condition to another. Whether the transition is positive or negative depends on the initial principles. This requires the conscious participation of all relevant stakeholders, as well as the state administration to ensure a certain organizational and economic mechanism for the use of forest fund territories for the development of ecological tourism in the Ukrainian Carpathians. The article analyzes the main aspects of the functioning of ecological tourism on the territory of the Ukrainian Carpathians forest fund in the conditions of martial law, which should be based on certain principles to improve social and economic conditions for the local population, preserve natural conditions of the forest fund territories and their sustainable use. Ecological tourism will help to increase the level of employment of the local population, increase financial revenues to the local budget, raise the level of environmental awareness, attract investments, preserve and develop the cultural potential and natural capital of these territories, etc. Reducing excessive consumption and waste avoids the cost of restoring long-term environmental damage and contributes to the quality of ecological tourism. Attention is paid to the integration process into the system of international ecological tourism.
Microbiota bacteriana cultivable del erizo de mar Hesperocidaris asteriscus, habitante de la zona mesofótica superior del cañón submarino de los Arcos, Puerto Vallarta
Authors:   Universidad de Guadalajara, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Hernández-Vázquez Paola Berenice , Ocampo-Alvarez Héctor , Galván-Villa Cristian Moisés , Ríos-Jara Eduardo , Becerril-Espinosa Amayaly
Published: July 2023

Marine organisms, such as sea urchins, harbor symbiotic bacteria that produce metabolites with antibiotic activity. Thesemetabolites can confer to the host a defense mechanism against pathogens, contributing to its ecological suitability, and can also beused for biotechnological purposes.Considering the above, the objective of this work was to isolate the culturable microbiota of the sea urchin Hesperocidarisasteriscus and analyze it in search of strains with antibiotic activity. The bacteria were isolated in four isolation media and theantibiotic activity was evaluated by growth inhibition in three pathogens: S. aureus, E. coli, and P. aeruginosa. As a result, 29strains with different colonial morphology were recovered and nine of these strains presented bioactivity against at least onepathogen. Four of these bioactive strains presented morphological attributes typical of the phylum Actinobacteria. It is concludedthat bioactive bacteria could contribute to the defense of the sea urchin, by being able to inhibit the growth of its pathogens.However, it is important to continue this line of research towards the search and characterization of these metabolites, since theycould be used for the treatment of pathogenic bacteria resistant to currently known drugs.
3D-printed inlays with different cavity depths impact intraoral-scanner’s accuracy in-vitro
Authors: Tran Hieu Nguyen Minh , Nguyen Anh Trung Duy , Tran Trang Thi Ngoc , Nguyen Khoa Dang , Huynh Nam Cong Nhat
Published: July 2023

CAD/CAM restorations of deep cavities are the challenges faced by intraoral-scanner (IOS) for accurate 3D data acquisition. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of cavity depth on the accuracy of intraoral digital impressions.

Three different mesio-occlusal class II inlay cavities on first maxillary molars were designed and 3D-printed with respective proximal box’s height of 1, 2 and 3mm (group 1, 2, 3 respectively), each of which was scanned 10 times using an IOS. The reference scans of inlay cavities were obtained by an industrial scanner. Data were 3D superimposed with reference impression for trueness (n=10) and intergroup superimposed (n=45) for precision. Outcome variables for value of trueness were mean average deviation (mm), minimum/maximum average deviation (mm) and unacceptable/total elements distribution ratio (%), and for value of precision was mean average deviation (mm).

The 1mm-depth group resulted in the best trueness and precision significantly. For the trueness, there were significant differences between 3 groups with each other, the lowest deviation was for group 1 (21μm) statistically, followed by group 2 (24μm), group 3 (26μm). For the precision, group 1 showed the lowest scattered images statistically (mean deviation 4.7μm), then group 2, 3 (6μm and 13.8μm respectively). The deviated areas were located mostly at gingival walls of the cavity.

The deeper the cavity, the less accurate the digital impressions, which may raise clinical concerns. It suggests the cavity elevation with resin composite might optimize the 3D acquisition of IOS to ensure the fitness of CAD-CAM restorations.
Teknik Coaching Untuk Memahami Karakteristik Siswa Dalam Kurikulum Merdeka Belajar
Authors: Kusumardi Adi
Published: July 2023

Penulisan artike lini bertujuan untuk memberi pengetahuan kepada para pembaca bagaimana penerapan teknik coaching dalam Pendidikan untuk memahami karakteristik siswa agar dapat memaksimalkan pembelajaran. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif  (studi litelatur ) data diperoleh dari berbagai referensi baik buku, jurnal yang relevan dan fenomenologi.  Hasil penelitian menggambarkan bahwa, penerapan teknik coaching yang efektif diterapkan adalah: (1) Coaching presence; (2) Active listening; (3) Powerful questioning. Penerapan kompetensi teknik coaching yang benar dapat memahami karakteristik gaya belajar siswa, seperti; gaya belajar visual (belajar dengan cara melihat),  gaya belajar auditori ( gaya belajar dengan kemampuan mendengarkan) dan gaya belajar kinestetik (gaya belajar dengan praktik). Guru dapat membuat media pembelajaran yang lebih bervariasi dan mengembangkan  metode serta strategi pembelajaran yang lebih efektif. Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan, bahwa pemahaman terhadap karakteristik siswa baik dari kecerdasan maupun gaya belajar yang beragam dapat menumbuhkan perasaan nyaman untuk belajar di sekolah. Pembelajaran tidak dapat berjalan dengan baik bila menggunakan teknik  atau  konsep samarata, karena siswa memiliki karakteristik yang beragam. Penerapan teknik coaching akan meningkatkan keberhasilan ketercapaian tujuan pembelajaran  tanpa harus memberikan tekanan kepada siswa. Pada kondisi ini, pembelajaran akan berjalan secara alami kodratnya para siswa sehingga tujuan dari pembelajaran akan mudah tercapai dan menguntungkan guru serta siswa.
Education of Immigrant Children and Teacher’s Organization(GEW) in West Germany in the 1970s: Focusing on the North Rhine-Westphalia
Authors:   Korea Association of World History and Culture, Choi Jae-Ho
Published: July 2023

After World War II, West Germany recovered rapidly and entered an era of economic prosperity. In the late 1950s, the federal state faced labor shortages in various industrial sectors and accepted a large foreign workforce into the country. Many foreign workers came to West Germany with their families, and soon formed a large-scale migrant society. Along with that, the issue of education for immigrant children emerged. The West German government prepared policies early to integrate them into German society, but they did not have successful results. Because of the realistic conditions, the policy was not well received in the educational field. In addition, due to the fundamental limitations of the plan itself, many immigrant children often failed to adapt to school life and often dropped out in the middle of the school year. GEW, a major teacher’s organization in Germany, began to show interest in the problems of immigrant children in the early 1970s. However, in the beginning, GEW maintained its general position. However, in the late 1970s, serious internal discussions on the education for the immigrant children began, and specific policies were presented. This study examines GEW’s position on the education policy for immigrant children in the 1970s, focusing on the North Rhine-Westphalia, and deals with its changes.
Features drawn from exile laws and cases in the Frankish kingdom
Authors:   Korea Association of World History and Culture, Hong Jae-Buhm
Published: July 2023

The exile has been with mankind for a long time since Adam and Eve’s anecdote. The Expulsion which went through Ancient Greece and Rome appeared in various terms in accordance with the political and social situations of the time. It contains the contents of deprivation of citizenship, confiscation of property and confinement to a certain area. In the early Middle Ages, the Germanic peoples accepted the Roman heritage, absorbing the customs of exile that drove out those who broke the peace of the community, and defined it as the law of the kingdom. In the Merovingian dynasty, kings chose exile rather than capital punishment and sent bishops to isolated spaces such as islands and monasteries. Meanwhile, the parties who fought fiercely in the internal conflict within the Carolingian royal family tried to solve the problem through a political choice of exile. Although it was a temporary solution, the Frankish kingdom’s expulsion method of keeping alive, sending it away, imprisoning it and returning it was remarkable compared to other periods. Exile was a punishment that punishes those who commit crimes, but its contents have changed over time. It was also, on the other hand, a politically chosen strategic weapon to strengthen or maintain the power of the ruler.
STABILITY ANALYSIS OF A SHIGELLA INFECTION EPIDEMIC MODEL AT ENDEMIC EQUILIBRIUM
Authors: Ochi Philip O. , Agada A. A. , Timothy Jeremiah , Urum T. G. , Ochi H. T. , Nworah Damascus Arinze
Published: July 2023

In this study, we modified continuous mathematical model for the dynamics of shigella outbreak at constant recruitment rate formulated by (Ojaswita et al., 2014). In their model, they partitioned the population into Susceptible (S), Infected (I) and recovered (R) individuals. We incorporated a vaccinated class (V), educated class (G), exposed class (E), asymptomatic (A) hospitalized class (H) and Bacteria class (B) with their corresponding parameters. We analyzed a SVGEAIHRB compartmental nonlinear deterministic mathematical model of shigella epidemic in a community with constant population. Analytical studies were carried out on the model using the method of linearized stability. The basic reproductive number  that governs the disease transmission is obtained from the largest eigenvalue of the next-generation matrix. The endemic equilibrium is computed and proved to be locally and globally asymptotically stable if  and unstable if  . Finally, we simulate the model system in MATLAB and obtained the graphical behavior of the infected compartments. From the simulation, we observed that the shigella infection was eradicated when while it persist in the environment when .
STUDIES ON PREVALENCE OF TRYPANOSOME INFECTION IN ABATTOIRS IN ASABA, DELTA STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: Chibuogwu Francisca U. , Ajunwa Linda O. , Oyo A. Ekpo , Preye Tarela M. , Ebulue Rose O. , Achagwa S. Musa , Onyeagu Chika L. , Enoh Emmanuel , Ofikwu Paula O. , Jonah Alice O.
Published: July 2023

This study investigated the prevalence of trypanosome infection in cattle and Red Sokoto (R.S) goats slaughtered at abattoirs in Asaba, Delta State.  304 animals comprising 265 cattle, 39 R.S goats were examined. Blood was collected from the jugular vein of each animal into EDTA containers, placed in cold boxes and transported to the Nigerian Institute for Trypanosomiasis Research (NITR) laboratory in Asaba where standard trypanosome detection methods (STDM), Haematocrit centrifugation technique (HCT) and Buffy coat methods were used to detect trypanosomes and determine Packed Cell Volume (PCV). The result of the investigation showed that seventeen (17) animals were infected giving an overall prevalence of 5.59%. Fifteen (5.66%) of the cattle and two (5.13%) of the R.S goats were infected. Female cattle had higher prevalence of trypanosomiasis (6.78%) than the male cattle (4.76%). Difference in prevalence in female and male cattle was statistically significant (p<0.05). In R.S goats, 6.45% prevalence was observed in the males while no infection was found in the females. Three species of Trypanosoma namely, Trypansoma vivax, T. congolense and T. brucei brucei were recorded in infected animals. T. vivax, T. congolense and T. brucei brucei were found in the cattle while only T. congolense was found in R.S goats. There was a significant difference between the mean PCV value of infected animals and the non-infected animals (p < 0.05). The result of this study clearly indicates the presence of trypanosome species in the abattoir animals.
GEOLOGICAL AND GEOELECTRICAL INVESTIGATION OF DIRIOTE DEPOSITS IN OBIAGU, AMAUBURI, AND UMUNEOCHI AREA, SOUTH-EASTERN NIGERIA – SUGGESTIONS FOR QUARRY SITE
Authors: Okenu Stella C.
Published: July 2023

The study employs geological and geo-electrical investigation of diorite deposits in south-eastern Nigeria. It involves geological analysis of outcrops and by measuring the electrical values properties of different subsurface materials. The locations were explored to assess the overburden thickness, downward trend, total diorite mineral resource, and rock grade. The results of the geological investigation showed that the rock is a diorite with a mean density of 2.88 x 103 kg-3, 2.71 x 103 kg-3, 2.82 x 103 kg-3 in Obiagu, Umuneochi, and Amaubiri respectively. The rock found in the area showed visible calcite (CaCO3) veins loaded with olivine and pyrite minerals. From the acquired data using the Schlumberger setup, three to five geo-electric layers were deduced from resistivity software in Amaubiri, Obiagu, and Umuneochi. The volume of the diorite materials in the study locations was estimated using the outcrop length, width, thickness, and density to about 365,850metric tons in Umuneochi, 442,656 metric tons in Obiagu, and 2,745,396metric tons in Amaubiri. The trend of outcrops in these areas is in the NE-SW direction. It is suggested to use the core drilling approach to carefully analyze the subsurface to estimate the precise reserve in these places.
LOG-LINEAR MODELS FOR HIV/AIDS PREVALENCE IN ADAMAWA STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: Akinrefon Adesupo Adeoye , Emmanuel Rimamkyaten , Okolo Abraham
Published: July 2023

Geographically, prevalence of HIV/AIDS in Nigerian States can be classified into high, medium and low with Adamawa State falling into the medium category (between 1% – 1.9%). Despite several measures and interventions put in place to mitigate the burden of HIV/AIDS in the state, its prevalence has fluctuated with certain age groups carrying a far greater burden than the rest of the population. This paper examines the association between some key factors and HIV/AIDs prevalence in Adamawa State, Nigeria using the Log-linear model approach. Data was collected on 3,779 patients infected with HIV/AIDs who came for treatment at Specialist Hospital, Yola, Adamawa State drawing information on their gender, age, viral load, and marital status from 2019 to 2020. Data analysis was done using the R programming software version 3.6.3. Fourteen (14) log-linear models were fitted examining mutual and conditional independence of the study factors and all possible pairwise (and three-way) associations. The results show that progression to AIDS following HIV diagnosis differed depending on the age at diagnosis, marital status, viral load and gender. Therefore, there is need to sustain efforts at reducing the prevalence of HIV in this regard.
ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITIES OF LEAF METHANOLIC EXTRACTS OF Leptadenia hastata AGAINST Escherichia coli CLINICAL ISOLATE
Authors: Yaro R. S. , Abdullahi M. , Deeni Y. Y , Sulaiman Danjuma Dausayi
Published: July 2023

The research aims at potential activities of leaf methanolic extracts of Leptadenia hastata against clinical Escherichia coli and extraction, phytochemicals and biochemical tests to the plant and organism. Escherichia coli is Gram negative, non-capsulated, bacillus, clinically important bacteria mostly isolated clinically and capable to cause gastro enteritis, urinary tract infections, diarrhea among others. L. hastata is a climbing shrub that produces flexible latex which become woody at the base. Potential activities of L. hastata leaf methanolic extracts against clinical Escherichia coli were observed. L. hastata leaf were sampled, Phyto-chemically screened using methanol and processed using Di-MethylSulfurOxide (DMSO). Clinical Bacterial Isolates were collected from Murtala Muhammed Specialist Hospital Kano, Kano State, Nigeria, investigated and screened for E. coli using Gram’s staining technique and some biochemical tests procedure for confirmation. L. hastata leaf methanolic extracts were processed against the isolates. Four (4) E. coli were found and tested against leaf methanolic extracts of L. hastata at different concentrations of 125, 250, 500 and 1000 mg/mL respectively. Activity was observed directly proportional to the concentrations, where the Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and Minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were at 500 and 1000 mg/mL accordingly. The research may lead to effective drug development against the clinical E. coli to address its pathogenicity, for the Public Health benefit. It is recommended that further research should be carried out to determine bioactive components of L. hastata leaf, toxicity level tests and Molecular characterization to the isolate (E. coli).
ANALYSIS ON THE EFFECT OF IRRIGATION ON SELECTED VEGETABLES PLANTED AROUND ZOBE DAM, DUTSIN-MA
Authors: Kabo Kamaluddeen Suleiman , Albashir Yasir , Bello Abdu Muhammad
Published: July 2023

Agricultural soil pollution through irrigation with polluted water is one of the major sources of soil pollution and accumulation of heavy metals in soils and plants. The purpose of this study was to determine the concentration of heavy metals (Pb and Cr) in soil and vegetable sample in tomato, spinach and pepper, planted around Zobe Dam, during wet and dry season, using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. Results obtained from this study showed overall concentration of heavy metals (Pb and Cr) respectively, in the range (0.000-2.309) and (0.000-0.204) ppm in the vegetable sample. Generally, the concentration of (Pb) were higher in wet season than the dry season, ranging from (0.000-2.309) ppm and (0.000-0.129) ppm respectively. So also, (Cr) was only detected in one sample P1b (pepper dry season). Whereas, concentration of these metals where not detected in all the soil samples. Similarly, it was found that the concentration of these metals were found to be higher during the wet season with the highest concentration of (Pb) recorded during the wet season. Concentration of (Pb) during the wet season was found to be higher than the WHO recommended value in the vegetable samples.
Analisa Koefisien Kekasaran Manning (n) dan Chezy (c) pada Saluran Terbuka dengan Variasi Debit Aliran dan Kemiringan
Authors: Wellang Musyafir , Hasim Muh Fadli , Simin Ilham Fahmi
Published: July 2023

Adanya faktor kemiringan pada saluran dan perbedaan kecepatan debit aliran menjadi pendekatan umum yang dilakukan dalam penyelesaiaan persoalan teknis dalam hal ini untuk menentukan faktor kekasaran, tidak terdapat metode tertentu untuk pemilihan nilai kekasaran. Pada tingkat pengetahuan sekarang ini, memilih nilai kekasaran sebenarnya berarti memperkirakan hambatan aliran pada saluran tertentu, yang benar-benar tidak dapat diperhitungkan. Dalam penelitian ini peneliti mencoba menentukan koefisien kekasaran dengan menggunakan rumus manning dan chezy. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu menentuka koefisien kekasaran manning dan Chezy pada saluran terbuka dengan variasi debit aliran tertentu. Serta melakukan perbandingan nilai koeefisien kekasaran dengan nilai koefisien kekasaran referensi.metode yang digunakan yaitu dengan pembuatan model fisik saluran dengan bahan fiber.aliran pada saluran dengan kemiringan saluran di atur dengan konstan 0,01. Dengan debit bervariasi 0,0025 0,0020 dan 0,0015 m3/s. Dari penelitian penelitian ini hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa terjadi variasi nilai manning (n) antara 0,031-0,085 dan nilai Chezy (c) 17,880-6,361.
Pengaruh Limbah Marmer sebagai Filler pada Campuran Beton Aspal terhadap Pengujian Modulus Resilien
Authors: Gecong Alimin , Dharmawan Budhi , Novraji Andi Ichsan
Published: July 2023

Material agregat termasuk jenis SDA tidak bisa diperbarui, apabila digunakan dalam jangka waktu lama tanpa pembaharuan maka ketersediaannya di alam akan berkurang. Oleh karenanya perlu adanya bahan pengganti yakni limbah batu marmer. Penelitian dilakukan bertujuan guna mengetahui pengaruh bahan tambah limbah marmer sebagai filler pada campuran beton aspal terhadap pengujian Modulus Resilien. Kadar aspal rencana yang digunakan yaitu 4,5%, 5,0%, 5,5%, 6,0%, dan 6,5%. Uji awal yang akan dilakukan dengan alat Marshall Test guna mendapat kadar aspal optimum (KAO). Lalu dilanjutkan dengan uji yang mempergunakan alat Indirect Tensile Strenght. Penggunaan KAO sebesar 5,9% dengan kadar filler 0,0%,0,25%, 0,5%, 1,0%, 1,5%, dan 2,0%. Hasil uji kuat tarik tidak lansung, nilai modulus resilien untuk campuran aspal beton menggunakan variasi kadar marmer 1,0% yang paling baik digunakan karna mempunyai nilai regangan yang paling baik, dimana pada saat regangannya menurun modulus resilien akan semakin kaku dan benda uji akan mulai mengalami retak atau keruntuhan.
Studi Karakteristik Arus Lalu Lintas dengan Adanya Hotel MYKO Kota Makassar
Authors: Salim Abd Kadir , Agustan  , Sholeh Muhammad
Published: July 2023

Penyusunan karya tulis ini memiliki tujuan untu mendeskipsikan studi karakteristik arus lalu lintas dengan adanya hotel myko kota makassar, Berdasarkan dapat dilihat pada ruas jln.Adiyaksa kendaraan terbanyak terdapat pada waktu 11.00-12.00 dengan jumlah kendaraan 1461,4 smp/jam, Sedangkan pada ruas jln.Boulevard kendaraan terbanyak pada waktu 16.00-17.00 dengan jumlah kendaraan 1789,25. Dan pada tingkat fasilitasi ruas jalan adyaksa yakni 0,32 dilihat pada tabel 4.15 standardisasi tingkat pemfasilitasan jalan perkotaan yaitu keadaan arus tingkat pelayanan B Arus stabil namun kelajuan operasi mulai dibatasi oleh kondisi lalu lintas, pengendara berhak menentukan kecepatannya. Sementara itu, pada tingkat pelayanan ruas jalan boulevard 0,29 dilihat pada tabel 4.15 standardisasi tingkat pelayanan jalan perkotaan berupa kondisi arus tingkat pelayanan B Arus stabil tetapi laju operasi terbatas pada keadaan lalu lintas, pengendara bebas dalam menentukan kecepatannya.
Analisis Tingkat Keselamatan Wilayah Perempatan Amessangeng Sengkang Kabupaten Wajo
Authors: Arsal St. Fatmah , Fauzi Andi Rabithal Ikhsan
Published: July 2023

Keselamatan jalan sangat diperhatikan untuk mengurangi jumlah kecelakaan lalu lintas. Hal ini menjadi indikator pentingnya memahami factor penyebab terjadinya kecelakaan.pada penelitian ini dibahas mengenai studi rawan kecelakaan Perempatan Amessangeng Sengkang Kab.Wajo. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis lokasi titik rawan kecelakaan lalu lintas (black spot) pada ruas Perempatan Amessangeng Sengkang Kab.Wajo, memberikan alternatif penanganan pada lokasi titik rawan kecelakaan (black spot) untuk mengurangi tingkat kecelakaan di Perempatan Amessangeng Sengkang Kab.Wajo. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini ialah metode analisis data. Metode yang digunakan untuk mengetahui angka kecelakaan adalah metode EAN, dan untuk mengetahui daerah rawan kecelakaan lalu lintas dengan UCL. Data yang digunakan adalah data jumlah kecelakaan yang terjadi pada tahun 2013-2017. Dari hasil uji didapatkan angka kecelakaan terbesar yaitu terletak pada jl. Wolter Moninsidi dan jl.Sultan Hasanuddin, analisis EAN, dan nilai UCL yang didapatkan yaitu 21 untuk jl.Wolter Monginsidi, dan 51 untuk Jl.Sultan Hasanuddin, merupakan lokasi titik rawan kecelakaan. Dan sebagai alternatif penanganan sebagai lokasi rawan kecelakaan antara lain pengadaan peringatan rawan kecelakaan, pengadaan simpang bersinyal, pengadaan rambu jalan, cermin cembung, serta marka jalan.
Identifikasi Faktor-Faktor Penyebab Keterlambatan pada Proyek Konstruksi Bendungan Paselloreng
Authors: Wardah
Published: July 2023

Proyek konstruksi merupakan suatu rangkaian kegiatan yang berkaitan dengan upaya pembangunan suatu bangunan dalam batasan waktu, biaya, dan mutu tertentu mencakup pekerjaan pokok dalam bidang teknik sipil dan arsitektur serta melibatkan disiplin lain seperti teknik industri, mesin, elektro, geoteknik, maupun lansekap. Dalam pelaksanaan proyek konstruksi pada Bendungan Paselloreng terdapat faktor-faktor yang mengakibatkan penyelesaian proyek mengalami keterlambatan yang dapat mengakibatkan kerugian bagi pihak yang terlibat di dalamnya salah satunya kontraktor. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menyebarkan kuesioner dan wawancara kepada kontraktor yang memegang jabatan sebagai manajer proyek dan manajer lapangan. Dari pengambilan sampel di lapangan dikumpulkan sebanyak 30 responden yaitu 15 responden sebagai manajer proyek dan 15 responden sebagai manajer lapangan. Data yang terkumpul keudian dihitung indeks kepentingan dan menganalisis peringkat (ranking) dari faktor-faktor penyebab keterlambatan tersebut. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor utama penyebab keterlambatan proyek konstruksi pada Bendungan Paselloreng berdasarkan persepsi kontraktor yaitu faktor Kondisi Struktur Tanah. Hasil pengujian validitas dan reliabilitas terhadap data kuesioner menunjukkan bahwa data kuesioner memiliki nilai validitas dan reliabilitas yang baik.