bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengembangan Multimedia Interaktif Berbasis Problem Solving Terintegrasi Karakter Islami Kelas 3 Tema 5 SD Negeri Pekutan
Authors: Piraseto Anggit Wulung , Ashari Ashari , Ngazizah Nur
Published: November 2023

Pembelajaran di era digital perlu mengintegrasikan pembelajaran berbasis teknologi namun tetap memperhatikan karakter peserta didik agar berkembang dengan baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan produk dan mengetahui kelayakan multimedia interaktif berbasis problem solving terintegrasi karakter Islami kelas 3 tema 5. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan dengan menggunakan metode ADDIE. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu observasi, wawancara, dan angket. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kelayakan multimedia interaktif dari ahli materi sebesar 4,00 (sangat valid), ahli media sebesar 3,22 (valid) dan praktisi 3,75. Kepraktisan multimedia dilihat dari lembar respon peserta didik uji coba terbatas sebesar 3,51 dan uji coba diperluas sebesar 3,8 (sangat praktis) sedangkan keterlaksanaan pembelajaran memperoleh nilai 3,72 (sangat praktis). Kefektifan multimedia interaktif memperoleh nilai 85,8% (sangat efektif). Dapat disimpulkan bahwa multimedia interaktif berbasis problem solving terintegrasi karakter Islami pada tema 5 dinyatakan layak dengan mencakup tiga aspek yaitu valid, praktis, dan efektif.
The Internalization Entrepreneurship Values of Students at Al Fahham Islamic Boarding School Purworejo
Authors: Zafi Ashif Az , Maisyanah Maisyanah
Published: November 2023

This study aimed to explain the process of  internalization of entrepreneurship values to students, to identify the entrepreneurship values of  students, and to explain the output produced from establishing the entrepreneurial value of  students at the Al Fahham Islamic Boarding School. This study was qualitative research that used interviews, observation, and documentation to collect the data. The respondents in this study were cottage caretakers, 2 administrators, and 8 students. Data collected were analyzed through the process of  data reduction with select methods related to the goal of  this research. Then, the result of  data reduction was presented in a systematic, easy so this could be understood easily with a draft or theory. Furthermore, the data could be concluded based on the goal of  this research. This study describes data about the internalization process using the planning, acting, and evaluation theory. The values   of  santri entrepreneurs are explained by the concept of  indicators of  entrepreneurial attitudes. Meanwhile, taxonomic concepts are used in the form of  cognitive, affective, and psychomotor to explain the output or results. This study concluded that to realize students with entrepreneurial attitudes, the students needed to determine goals, programs, and proper evaluation methods. Al- Fahham Islamic boarding school’s goal was to create an entrepreneurial spirit in the students themselves and to create capable and skilled cadres of  students who serve the community. Implemented programs supported objective boarding schools, forming the Islamic Boarding School Business Unit (entrepreneurship) and giving spiritual motivation (spiritual). The evaluation was done at the Islamic boarding schools Al Fahham to create students’ entrepreneurial spirit through monthly income reports and appreciation with the method of  giving gifts (rewards) to successful students who reach beyond target income. Internalization process of entrepreneurship values to the students successfully grows up entrepreneur attitude such as discipline, sincerity, independence, hard work, religion, togetherness, caring, affection, simplicity, respect, courtesy, responsibility, and honesty. This value proved that it could help the pesantren alumni to have some skills needed by entrepreneurs, such as creative thinking skills, skills in making decisions to be independent, and leadership skills.
Homo Irretitus & Homo Faber: a Worker at Risk
Authors:   National Research University Higher School of Economics, Sidorina Tatiana Yu.
Published: November 2023

The development of labour in its classical sense over the centuries was accom­panied by philosophical reflection, which took shape in the 19th century into the “philosophy of labour” as a direction of interdisciplinary thought, based on the postulates of the relevant culture and ethics of labour, which evolve and come into conflict with the emerging philosophy of life, experiencing a concep­tual crisis in the crisis of European culture. In the article, we turn to current la­bour paradigm and its foundations in the era of mass automation and digitaliza­tion of human activities. Our focus is on the emerging anthropological type – a new subject of employment in the digital age – “homo irretitus / a person in the network”, which opposes not only the classical model “homo faber / a person creating the world with the help of tools”, but also a representative of the “crea­tive class”, non-material labour worker. The analysis showed that, insisting on the need to free from labour, theorists of the digital economy do not answer the questions of what will replace labour in its meaningful position in life, and what activity will replace labour.
Blended multiphase multidimensional interventions peer near versus preceptor childbirth pleasantness tour on midwifery students' anxiety, professional attitude, and satisfaction: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Farajkhoda Tahmineh , Moshirenia Fateme , sheikhalishahi Alieh , keshmiri Fatemeh , Sareban Mohammad Taghi
Published: November 2023

Background: Early exposure to clinical settings for midwifery students could have a positive impact on anxiety levels, professional attitudes, and future job satisfaction. Failing to address these issues may increase the risk of clinical errors resulting in maternal or neonatal morbidity or mortality. The effectiveness of interventions that combine cognitive, affective, and psychomotor components in a blended virtual and face-to-face format is currently limited. To compare the effectiveness of blended multiphase, multidimensional peer-near versus preceptor models on midwifery students' anxiety, professional attitudes, and satisfaction.
Methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted in 2022 with 22 midwifery students from semester 1. They were randomly allocated either to the intervention group by peer students (n=11) or by professors (n=11). A three-phase blended virtual and face-to-face "childbirth pleasantness tour" intervention was conducted. Interventions comprised of two 2-hour virtual sessions covering midwifery regulations and ethics, psychoeducation, and narrative telling of previous experiences; two face-to-face practical simulation sessions at week 4; and presence in the delivery unit at the beginning of semester 2 for real clinical exposure, taking place at week 8. The primary outcomes of anxiety and professional attitude were evaluated using the Spielberger Anxiety Questionnaire and Agili's professional attitude questionnaire, respectively, at baseline, completion of the intervention in week 4, and follow-up in week 8. The secondary outcome of satisfaction was assessed using the Kirkpatrick Assessment in weeks 4 and 8.
Results: Anxiety decreased significantly at week 8 compared to the baseline in both peer-near (61.91 ± 3.59 vs. 53.27 ± 10.63, p = 0.007) and preceptor (65.09 ± 4.7 vs. 52.9 ± 8.1, p < 0.001) groups, respectively, without any significant difference between the two groups at either week 8 (p = 0.929) or the baseline (p = 0.90). A professional attitude significantly increased by Week 8 when compared to baseline in both peer-near (97.73 ± 8.94 vs. 88.09 ± 12.66, p = 0.029) and preceptor (65.09 ± 4.7 vs. 52.9 ± 8.1, p = 0.021) with significant differences in groups by Week 4. There was no significant difference in satisfaction observed for the time-group interaction (P=0.428).
Conclusions: Both interventions demonstrated similar effectiveness in reducing anxiety and improving professional attitudes when teaching knowledge and skills to students, whether conducted by peer or perceptor. This was due to their feasibility and attractiveness. These findings could be utilized in midwifery curricula to aid in the training of competent midwives capable of saving and serving the lives of mothers and babies.
Gastroesophageal reflux disease and Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A Two-Sample Mendelian randomization combined with Meta-analysis
Authors: Leng Xuan , Liao Wan-Zhe , Zheng Ping-Fen
Published: November 2023

Accumulating evidence from observational studies have suggested an association between gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, due to that such studies are prone to biases, we imported Mendelian randomization (MR) to explore whether the causal association between two diseases exsit. Hence, we aimed to analysis the potential association with Mendelian randomization (MR). The single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of GERD were retrieved from the genome-wide association study (GWAS) dataset as the exposure. The SNPs of NAFLD were taken from the FinnGen dataset as the outcome. The relationship was analyzed with the assistance of inverse variance weighted (IVW), MR-Egger, and weighted median. We also uitilized the MR-Egger intercept, Cochran's Q test, leave-one-out analysis, MR-PRESSO, and Steiger directionality test to evaluate the robustness of the causal association. The meta-analysis were also implemented to give an overall evaluation. Finally, our analysis showed a causal relationship between GERD and NAFLD with aid of MR and meta-analysis (OR 1.71; 95% CI 1.40–2.09; P < 0.0001).
Optimal Allocation of Water Resources Considering Virtual Water Trade: A Case Study of the Yellow River
Authors: Wang Hao , Ma Tao
Published: November 2023

Water can be redistributed physically and virtually. We explored water allocation optimization to mitigate water stresses by constructing a physical-virtual dual water system and optimizing the 1987 Yellow River water allocation scheme. We calculated the virtual water volume, identified the virtual in-basin, out-of-basin, and export water volumes, and compared the total regional water demand (i.e., combined physical and virtual water volumes) with regional water planetary boundaries to optimize basin water allocation schemes. Virtual water accounted for > 90% of the total regional demands, whereas physical flows did not significantly impact them. Moreover, allocation quotas for Qinghai and Inner Mongolia should be reduced by 0.113 and 1.005 billion m3, respectively, for sustainability. Furthermore, improving the efficiency of water-intensive sectors and limiting virtual water outflows from heavy industry to out-of-basin sectors are vital to water intensification. Increased attention should be directed toward physical-virtual water demands than the current focus on supply-oriented water allocation.
Analysis of viral pneumonia and risk factors associated with severity of influenza virus infection in hospitalized patients from 2012 to 2016
Authors: Barceló Maria Isabel Fullana , Serra Francisca Artigues , Pons Aina Rosa Millan , Rodriguez Javier Asensio , Beltran Adrian Ferre , Bilbao Maria del Carmen López , Prieto Jordi Reina , Jaume Melchor Riera
Published: November 2023

Background
Influenza viruses cause pneumonia in approximately one-third of cases, and pneumonia is an important cause of death.
Methods
This retrospective, observational study included all adult patients with confirmed influenza virus infection admitted to Son Espases University Hospital during four influenza seasons in Spain (October to May) from to 2012–2016. The aim was to identify risk factors associated with severity and those that could predict the development of pneumonia.
Results
Overall, 666 patients with laboratory-confirmed influenza were included, 93 (14%) of which were severe; 73 (10.9%) were admitted to Intensive Care Unit (ICU), 39 (5.8%) died, and 185 (27.7%) developed pneumonia. Compared to less severe cases, patients with severe disease: were less vaccinated (40% vs. 28%, p = 0.021); presented with more confusion (26.9% vs. 6.8%), were more hypoxemic (Horowitz index (PaO2/FiO2) 261 vs. 280), had higher C-reactive protein (CRP) (12.3 vs. 4.0), had more coinfections (26.8% vs. 6.3%) and had more pleural effusion (14% vs. 2.6%) (last six all p < 0.001). Risk factors significantly associated with severity were pneumonia [OR (95% CI) = 4.14 (2.4–7.16)], chronic heart disease (1.84, 1.03–3.28), and confusion at admission (4.99, 2.55–9.74). Influenza vaccination was protective (0.53, 0.28–0.98). Compared to those without pneumonia, the pneumonia group had higher CRP (11.3 vs. 4.0, p < 0.001), lower oxygen saturation (92% vs. 94%, p < 0.001), were more hypoxic (PaO2/FiO2 266 vs. 281, p < 0.001), and incurred more mechanical ventilation, septic shock, admission to the ICU, and deaths (all four p < 0.001). Higher CRP and lower oxygen saturation were independent variables for predicting the development of pneumonia.
Conclusions
Pneumonia, chronic heart disease, confusion and no influenza vaccination were independent variables to present complications in patients admitted with influenza infection.
Intra-specific variability in cytomictic and meiotic aspects ofunderutilizedVitex negundo L. from North-West Himalaya: putative causes and consequences
Authors: Jamwal Ritika , Sharma Geeta
Published: November 2023

Vitex negundo Linn., a widely distributed medicinal species of North-western Himalaya, has been studied for detailed cytological aspects. Present studies on eight populations reveals this species having 34 chromosomes, which largely show regular behaviour. Besides, studied populations of this species are unusual in exhibiting cytomixis largely between paired meiocytes at prophase and rarely between 3-4 meiocytes at anaphase. Comparison of frequency of cytomictic cells prepared using fixed and fresh anthers reveals scarce influence of anther fixation on percentage of cells showing cytoplasmic connections and chromatin transfer. Analysis of cytomictic index of plants inhabiting varying altitudes indicate overall less cytomictic index in populations from lower altitudes. Further analysis of dividing meiocytes for chromosomal number and behaviour reveals that out of eight populations, five (Govind-sar, Palli-morh, Kharoot-morh, Billawar and Rajouri) populations contains all and three contain maximum diploid cells, where as minority of cells of latter three populations exhibit near haploidy and polyploidy. Similarly translocations, manifested by occurrence of multivalent have been noted in 16-33% euploid PMCs of 4 populations (Palm, Bilr, Khrm, and Kol). Comparison of frequency of cells showing chromatin migration and meiotic anomalies reveal existence of inverse relations in these parameters. Existence of cytomictic and meiotically aberrant cells also account for the production of few deviant sized pollen grains along with normal ones. All these anomalies along with their possible cause and consequences are presented in communication.
Characterization and immunomodulatory potential of extracellular vesicles from non-pathogenic yeast strains
Authors: Nenciarini Stefano , Amoriello Roberta , Bacci Giovanni , Cerasuolo Benedetta , Paola Monica Di , Nardini Patrizia , Papini Alessio , Ballerini Clara , Cavalieri Duccio
Published: November 2023

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are lipid-bilayered particles, containing various biomolecules, including nucleic acids, lipids, and proteins, released by cells from all the domains of life and performing multiple communication functions. Evidence suggests that the interaction between host immune cells and fungal EVs induces modulation of the immune system. Most of the studies on fungal EVs have been conducted in the context of fungal infections; therefore, there is still a knowledge gap regarding EVs produced by non-pathogenic yeasts. In this work, we characterized EVs obtained by Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Pichia fermentans strains isolated from a fermented milk product with probiotic properties. The immunomodulation abilities of EVs produced by these strains have been studied in vitro through immune assays after internalization from human monocyte-derived dendritic cells. Results showed a significant reduction in antigen presentation activity of dendritic cells treated with the fermented milk EVs. The small RNA fraction of EVs contained mainly yeast mRNA sequences, with a few molecular functions enriched in strains of two different species isolated from the fermented milk. Our results suggest that one of the mechanisms behind the anti-inflammatory properties of probiotic foods could be mediated by the interactions of human immune cells with yeast EVs.
The amoeboid migration of monocytes in confining channels requires the local remodeling of the cortical actin cytoskeleton by cofilin-1
Authors: Ullo Maria , D'Amico Anna , Lavenus Sandrine , Logue Jeremy
Published: November 2023

Within the bloodstream, monocytes must traverse the microvasculature to prevent leukostasis, which is the entrapment of monocytes within the confines of the microvasculature. Using the model cell line, THP-1, and VCAM-1 coated channels to simulate the microvasculature, we demonstrate that monocytes predominantly adopt an amoeboid phenotype, which is characterized by the formation of blebs. As opposed to cortical actin flow in leader blebs, cell movement is correlated with myosin contraction at the cell rear. Previously, we documented that cofilin-1 promotes cortical actin turnover at leader bleb necks in melanoma cells. In monocytes, our data suggest that cofilin-1 promotes the local upregulation of myosin contractility through actin cytoskeleton remodeling. In support of this concept, cofilin-1 is found to localize to a single cell edge. Moreover, the widespread upregulation of myosin contractility was found to inhibit migration. Thus, monocytes within the microvasculature may avoid entrapment by adopting an amoeboid mode of migration.
The prolactinergic system in the brain of mice: sexual differences and changes during motherhood
Authors: Abellán-Álvaro María , Martínez-García Fernando , Esni Farzad , Agustín-Pavón Carmen , Lanuza Enrique
Published: November 2023

Background Prolactin (PRL) is an adenohypophyseal hormone with a key role in maternal and sexual behaviour, among multiple functions. Here, we sought to provide a comprehensive description of the PRLergic system in the brain of mice, describing sex differences and plasticity of this system across reproductive stages in females.
Methods We describe the neural prolactinergic system using a PRL antibody validated in Prl-KO mouse tissue. This description was carried out in females in different physiological stages (virgins, virgins with experience with pups and lactating) and males.
Results We show PRL-immunoreactive (PRL-ir) somata in several hypothalamic nuclei, including the paraventricular and supraoptic, where we observe variable degrees of co-localization with arginine-vasopressin and oxytocin. PRL-ir fibres span the hypothalamus, amygdala, bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, septum, thalamic, midbrain, and pontine regions. Although the qualitative distribution of PRL-ir remains consistent across both sexes and different physiological states in females, differences arise in the density of PRL-ir cells. Regarding sex differences, PRL-ir neurons are more abundant in the medial preoptic area and paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus of females, and in the supraoptic nucleus of males. In addition, we found an increased number of PRL-ir somata in the medial preoptic area, supraoptic and suprachiasmatic nuclei of lactating females as compared to virgins. Interestingly, treatment with bromocriptine, which blocks the release of adenohypophyseal PRL, does not affect PRL-ir in the brain, and there is no significant correlation between brain and serum PRL levels in lactating females.
Conclusion Taken together, our data support that brain PRLergic system is shaped by the sex and the reproductive status of the animals and, at least in part, is independent of hypophyseal PRL transported into the brain.
The effect of ASLS instruction on the knowledge and skills of medical students
Authors: Ala Alireza , Vahdati Samad Shams , Tahmasebi Parya , Gilani Neda , Abbasi Amin , Aletaha Reza
Published: November 2023

Background:
Stroke is a prominent cause of mortality and imposes a significant burden on the healthcare system. Despite recent advances in stroke management and treatment, such as reducing prehospital delay and using thrombolytic therapies, an increase in stroke patients is anticipated. Proper education for managing stroke patients in prehospital emergency care can improve patient outcomes and decrease disability. This study aimed to investigate the effect of Advanced Stroke Life Support (ASLS) training on enhancing the prehospital performance of medical caregivers.
Methods:
Medical interns at Tabriz University of Medical Sciences participated in an ASLS training course consisting of lectures and group sessions. Participants’ performance in stroke knowledge and management was assessed using a test exam before and after the ASLS course, and their scores were compared.
Results:
The results showed that participants scored 61.30% and 84.13% before and after the ASLS course, respectively, indicating a significant improvement (p = 0.001). However, their improvement was not the same in different stroke education fields, such as epidemiology, etiology, diagnosis, and management.
Conclusions:
Our study demonstrated that the ASLS course can be used as an effective way to improve skills and knowledge in managing stroke patients.
Comparison of risk scores for predicting adverse outcomes in acute lower gastrointestinal bleeding
Authors: Li Chenyang , Linghu Enqiang , Chen Chao
Published: November 2023

Purpose
Acute lower gastrointestinal bleeding (ALGIB) is a common emergency in gastroenterology. Currently, there is insufficient information to predict adverse outcomes in patients with acute lower gastrointestinal bleeding. Our study aimed to compare the effectiveness of the clinical risk scores currently utilized and their ability to predict significant outcomes in lower gastrointestinal bleeding.
Methods
We conducted a retrospective observational study of patients who were admitted with ALGIB and underwent colonoscopy or angiography at a single center between January 2018 and December 2022. Adverse outcomes associated with ALGIB included rebleeding, blood transfusion, hemostatic interventions, and in-hospital death. We calculated six risk scores at admission (Oakland, Birmingham, SHA2PE, Ramaekers, SALGIB, and CNUH-5). We measured the accuracy of these scores using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and compared them with DeLong's test.
Results
A total of 123 patients with confirmed LGIB out of 264 (aged 65 years, 55-75) were included. The most common diagnoses were colorectal cancer (25%) and hemorrhoids (14%). All scores demonstrated sufficient and comparable effectiveness for hemostatic intervention but no discrimination for rebleeding. The Oakland and SALGIB scores were superior to the other scores in predicting blood transfusion (AUC: 0.97 and 0.95, respectively; p=0.208) and any adverse outcomes (AUC: 0.78 and 0.78, respectively; p=0.854).
Conclusions
The Oakland and SALGIB scores outperform the other scores in predicting the requirement for blood transfusion in ALGIB patients, but no single prediction tool had the best ability across all outcomes. Novel risk stratification scores with higher performance are needed for better risk stratification in ALGIB.
Standardization production of Qi Knives: A comprehensive analysis of the minting remains of knife money unearthed in ancient Linzi in the late Warring states period
Authors: Ma Renjie , Dong Wenbin , Cui Jianfeng
Published: November 2023

Our studies focus on the production background of early standardized coinage in Qi state before Qin empire’s unification of currency. These mold samples have considerable clay content, possibly to limit thermal expansion and enhance casting strength. Slag types include plate slag and ceramic slag attached on blowpipes. The matrix composition of plate slag is characterized by a high content of iron and calcium, with significant quantities of matte (CuPbFeS) and bronze droplets. The matrix composition of ceramic slag exhibits low content of iron and calcium with some copper droplets. It may be inferred that a smelting process is utilized to extract matte from sulfur-containing copper-lead ores, with the addition of tin occurring nearly concurrently. It is also possible to introduce a distinct step that smelting and alloying are totally separated. The lead isotope ratios of slag and mold samples overlap with each other and concentrate in the range with high 207Pb/206Pb ratios. The change of lead resources in Qi knives was basically synchronized with the change of its alloy composition. We can’t exclude that the lead resources of high 207Pb/206Pb ratios used in Qi state came from local areas, and some uranogenic-rich lead resources might be brought in after Yan state’ s conquest. The above research demonstrates that the production of Qi knives exhibited a significant degree of standardization. The implementation of unified coinage system during the Tian Qi period can be seen as a strategic approach to monopolize the minting rights and foster the growth of the commodities economy.
One Health, Ecological Bioethics, and the Ethics of Zoonoses: A call for Global Action
Authors: Rodriguez Jeyver
Published: November 2023

Zoonoethics refers to the ethical issues surrounding zoonotic diseases, which are diseases that can be transmitted from animals to humans (WHO, 2023). With the rise of emerging infectious diseases globally, these issues have become increasingly important. There are over 200 known types of zoonoses, and many of them are influenced by socioeconomic factors like climate change, biodiversity loss, and antimicrobial resistance. Zoonoses and diseases of infectious origin account for 70% of new and existing diseases affecting both humans and animals. Examples of zoonoses include but are not limited to anthrax, brucellosis, influenza, hantavirus syndromes, plagues, rabies, SARS-CoV, swine flu, MERS-CoV, Ebola, and SARS-CoV-2. While diseases like rabies can be prevented with vaccinations, others like Ebola and SARS-CoV-2 are extremely deadly. The management of these diseases will require the adoption and acceleration of the “One Health” approach, which recognizes the interconnectedness and interdependence between human, animal, and environmental health.
The Essential Role of Astrocytes in Neurodegeneration and
Neuroprotection
Authors: López Couselo Federico , Saba Julieta , Carniglia Lila , Durand Daniela , Lasaga Mercedes , Caruso Carla
Published: November 2023

abstract:

Astrocytes are glial cells that perform several fundamental physiological functions within
the brain. They can control neuronal activity and levels of ions and neurotransmitters, and release
several factors that modulate the brain environment. Over the past few decades, our knowledge of
astrocytes and their functions has rapidly evolved. Neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by
selective degeneration of neurons, increased glial activation, and glial dysfunction. Given the significant
role played by astrocytes, there is growing interest in their potential therapeutic role. However,
defining their contribution to neurodegeneration is more complex than was previously thought. This
review summarizes the main functions of astrocytes and their involvement in neurodegenerative
diseases, highlighting their neurotoxic and neuroprotective ability.
Biomarkers can Predict COVID-19 Disease
Authors: Sharma Utkarsh , Sharma Shikha
Published: November 2023

Health professionals have been confronted with a series of challenges because of the ongoing
pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). To save the greatest number of lives possible,
it is essential to make a prompt diagnosis and admission to the hospital, as well as to stratify
risks, make efficient use of intensive care services, choose appropriate treatments, monitor patients,
and ensure a prompt discharge. Laboratory markers, also known as biomarkers, can provide additional
information that is objective and has the potential to significantly influence various aspects of
patient care. Clinical assessment is necessary, but laboratory markers can provide this information.
The COVID-19 virus is not an infection that causes the respiratory system; rather, it is a multisystem
disease that is caused by a diffuse system-wide process that involves a complex interplay of the immune,
nervous, and endocrine systems in inflammatory and coagulative cascades. A wide variety of
potential biomarkers have been uncovered because of a better understanding of the virus's effects on
the body and how the body responds to them. Here, the pathophysiology and current data are examined
in relation to various kinds of biomarkers, such as immunological and inflammation biomarkers,
coagulation and hematological biomarkers, as well as cardiac, biochemical, and other biomarkers.
This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the research on the association between biomarkers
and clinical characteristics, viral load, treatment efficacy, and how this knowledge might
most usefully contribute to patient care.
The Association of Dietary Inflammatory Index and Cognitive Function in
Iranian Elders
Authors: Mohseni Maryam , Shivappa Nitin , Shojaei Mehrnaz , Bagherniya Mohammad , Mohammadi Hamed , Hasanzadeh Akbar , Hébert James R , Askari Gholamreza , Sahebkar Amirhossein
Published: November 2023

Background:

Cognitive impairment is amongst the most substantial mental health
problems in elderly people, and inflammation is an underlying mechanism for cognitive impairment.
The dietary inflammatory index (DII®) reflects the overall inflammatory potential of
individuals’ diets. The current study aimed to assess the relationship between the DII and cognitive
function among the Iranian old population.

Methods:

This cross-sectional study was conducted on 221 subjects≥65 years old in healthcare
centers in five socioeconomically distinct districts of Tehran, Iran. Dietary intake data were obtained
using a validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Energy-adjusted-DII (E-DIITM)
scores were calculated for each participant according to a total of 35 food parameters, which
were available from the FFQ. Mini mental state examination (MMSE), a brief screening questionnaire
was used to assess cognitive function.

Results:

E-DII scores were not significantly associated with cognitive function, both in the
crude model (β=-0.04, P-value=0.82) and after adjusting for potential confounders (β=0.22, Pvalue=
0.14). Additionally, in the unadjusted model, individuals in the highest tertile of E-DII
score had increased odds of mild cognitive impairment (OR=1.13, p-trend=0.01) compared to
those older adults in the lowest tertile of E-DII score. However, after controlling for potential
confounders, these relationships faded (AOR=1.46, p-trend=0.12).

Conclusion:

The findings of the present study showed no significant relationship between E- DII and
cognitive function among the Iranian elderly. Future prospective studies should be undertaken to explore
the association between diet-associated inflammation and cognitive decline in the elderly.
Nanostructured Solar Cells as Sustainable Optoelectronic Device
Authors: Saini Ankita , Saini Sunil Kumar , Dalal Sumeen
Published: November 2023

Owing to the strong interest in sustainable and renewable energy in the past
recent years, the solar cell industry has grown vastly. Conventional solar cells are
simply not efficient enough and are expensive to manufacture for large-scale electricity
generation. There are potential and sustainable advancements in nanotechnology that
have opened the door to the production of efficient nanostructured optoelectronics.
Nanotechnology has depicted tremendous breakthroughs in the field of solar
technology. Nanomaterials and quantum dots (QDs) have proved to be potential
candidates in the field of solar cells. Nanotechnology is able to enhance the efficiency
of solar cells, meanwhile helping in the reduction of manufacturing costs. Photovoltaics
(PVs) based on inorganic, organic, and polymer materials are designed and synthesized
with the aim of reducing cost per watt, even if it declines reliability and conversion
efficiency. Such PVs absorb sunlight more efficiently with wider absorption spectra
which also show better conversion of power to efficiency. Herein, we have highlighted
nanoparticles based on inorganic, organic, or graphene-based functional materials,
which exhibit enhanced physicochemical properties along with excellent surface-to
area ratio to be used as nanostructured thin layers coated with solar cell panels.
Utilizing nanotechnology in developing low-cost and efficient solar cells would help to
preserve the environment.
Nauczanie zdalne w dobie pandemii koronawirusa SARS-CoV-2 - perspektywa nauczycielska
Authors: Głogowska Żaneta
Published: November 2023

Nauczanie zdalne należy do specyficznych form kształtowania sfery intelektualnej osobowości człowieka, które wymaga od nauczających określonych umiejętności z zakresu nowoczesnych technologii informatycznych. W czasie pandemii koronawirusa SARS-Co-V-2 status nauczania zdalnego wzrósł do wyłączności w obszarze edukacji, został narzucony i całkowicie zastąpił nauczanie tradycyjne. Nauczyciele szkół podstawowych i ponadpodstawowych musieli dostosować swoje umiejętności i kompetencje z zakresu metodyki tego nauczania dla narzuconych, niejednolitych zdalnych form kształcenia. Dotychczas nauczanie zdalne było domeną doszkalających form kształcenia i było dedykowane osobom dorosłym rozwijającym swoje kompetencje na rynku pracy. W 2020 roku w odpowiedzi na narastające trudności nauczycieli w polskich szkołach podstawowych i ponadpodstawowych zostało przeprowadzonych kilka niezależnych badań diagnozujących problematykę związaną z nauczaniem zdalnym. W artykule, na podstawie wybranych raportów z badań, zaprezentowano wnioski odnoszące się wyłącznie do perspektywy nauczycieli. Ukazano pozytywne, jak i negatywne aspekty związane z nauczaniem zdalnym w opinii tej grupy zawodowej. Analiza tychże raportów pozwoliła natomiast na wyłonienie propozycji rozwiązań, które mogłyby zostać wdrożone do systemu szkolnictwa w celu usprawnienia wciąż trwającego nauczania zdalnego w polskich szkołach. Okres pandemii może nieść za sobą szanse na to, że w przyszłości nauczanie zdalne będzie alternatywą dla tradycyjnej edukacji.
Edukacja emocjonalna jako wyzwanie dla współczesnej szkoły i nauczycieli klas 1-3 szkoły podstawowej
Authors: Florek Magdalena , Jażdżewska Agata , Piekarska Karolina
Published: November 2023

Artykuł ma charakter teoretyczno-praktyczny. Napisano go w celu zwrócenia uwagi na istotę edukacji emocjonalnej jako wyzwania współczesnej szkoły, szczególnie na etapie klas 1-3. W części teoretycznej podjęto próbę jej zdefiniowania w oparciu o wyjaśnienie czym są emocje i edukacja. Zwrócono uwagę na takie aspekty, jak: rozwój badań nad emocjami w ostatnich latach, kształtowanie się emocji u dzieci na poziomie edukacji wczesnoszkolnej oraz miejsce kompetencji społeczno-emocjonalnych w szkole, a także obszary, które wymagają pracy w tym zakresie. Artykuł porusza również kwestię kompetencji emocjonalnych, które powinni posiadać wychowawcy we współczesnym świecie. W części praktycznej zwrócono uwagę na zaplecze edukacyjne w obszarze emocjonalności nauczycieli. Wskazano, w jaki sposób mogą oni stymulować rozwój najmłodszych uczniów w zakresie emocjonalności. Przytoczono wiele porad, pomysłów i źródeł dydaktycznych.
Young People-Social Problem-Solving Skills: Development and Psychometric Properties
Authors: Razali Salmi , Jaris Nor Hidayah , Mohamed Ali Iman , Sali Rahadi Asih  , Ali Nur Faizah , Zainuddin Mohammad Fitri , Abdul Wahid Nurin Izzati , Ahmad Mohd Ikhwan , Adnan Farhah , Mohamad Nasir Fatin Nasuha , Zainuddin Mohd Zuhairi
Published: November 2023

There is a lack of culturally suitable tools to measure social problem-solving skills among young people in Malaysia. Hence, this study was conducted to determine the reliability and validity of our newly invented 14-item Young People-Social Problem-Solving Skills (YP-SPSS) questionnaire. Cronbach’s alpha analysis shows that YP-SPSS has good reliability (α=0.7640), and the factor loadings for the fourteen items are above 0.5. Exploratory Factor Analysis suggests four factors: emotional awareness, insight into having problems, steps in solving problems, and analyzing the problems. The study shows that this questionnaire is statistically suitable to measure the social problem-solving of young people.
Effect of Adding Levels of Palm Fronds Compost and Mineral Fertilizer on Fertile Soil Characteristics, Quality, and Productivity of
Maize Yield (Zea Mays L.)
Authors: Mounir Abdel Hadi Abeer , Mahmoud Alwan Bushra
Published: November 2023

An experiment was carried out in one of the fields of the Soil Research Department
- Agricultural Research Department/Ministry of Agriculture in the Abu Ghraib district at latitude 33° 17" 31 N and longitude 44° 03" 56 E and 35 m above sea level.
This field study was conducted in the autumn season 2021-2022 for the cultivation
of yellow maize ( Maha cultivar) in sedimentary soil with silty clay loam texture,
with a Split Plot Design. The treatments were distributed using the RCBD for three
replicates with two factors. The first factor represents the main plots that include
the addition of mineral fertilizer 120, 80, and 320 kg.ha-1
for each of (N, P, and K),
respectively, at three levels (0, 50, and 100%) of the fertilizer recommendation. On
the other hand, the second factor was a subplot of organic fertilizer (palm frond
compost) at three levels (0, 5, and 10) μg.ha-1
. Soil samples were taken to estimate
the availability of nitrogen, phosphorous, and potassium, where the total yield and
percentage of protein for yellow maize were estimated. The results showed that
adding organic fertilizers (palm fronds) with the levels of mineral fertilizers increased the availability of nutrients and the yield of maize. Accordingly, the treatment O2M2 achieved the highest values of nutrient availability, quantity, and quality of yield, reaching (59.167, 33.407, and 257.967) mg.kg-1
soil and (10,096)
μg.ha-1 and (9.435%) for each of nitrogen, phosphorous, potassium, yield, and protein percentage, respectively. Moreover, there were no significant differences between the treatments of O1M2 and O2M1 in the amount of yield and the percentage
of protein, which gave the values of 8.403 and 8.134 μg.ha-1, respectively, and the
protein percentage of 8.630 and 8.915% respectively. It can be concluded that organic fertilizers can be added to compensate for mineral fertilizers, reduce environmental pollution, and reduce the economic cost and soil preservation because
organic fertilizers are considered safe and environmentally friendly.
Keywords: yellow maize, mineral fertilizer, palm fronds compost.
The Economics of Marketing the Cucumber Crop in Salah al-Din Governorate, Tikrit district, as a model for The Summer Production Season 2021
Authors: Ibrahim Rahim Firas , K. Abdullah Mohmmed , S. Madlul Najlaa
Published: November 2023

The importance of the cucumber crop is highlighted because it is important from
a nutritional and health point of view for humans because of its importance in the
economy. A random sample was selected for this research estimated at.(75)
farmers from the producers of the cucumber crop in Salah al-Din Governorate -
Tikrit district. Moreover, the Data was taken from farmers using a questionnaire
form. Information about The merchants was taken from the wholesale market in
the Tikrit district using (34) A questionnaire, as well as collecting (46) From the
retailers' forms. The results showed that the commission rate increased to (5%) of
the product prices, and this is the reason for the high price of the product among
retailers. The share of the product from consumer spending for the cucumber
crop has reached (49.46%). As for the wholesaler's share of consumer spending
for the crop under study (18.53%). As for the retailer's share of consumer spending for the crop under study (32%). As for the mediators’ share of the consumer’s
dinar for the crop under study (50.53%). The results showed that the marketing
margin between the wholesalers' stage and the product was (27.25%) dinars/kg.
In comparison, the relative margin for the wholesalers and retailers stage
amounted to (32%) and the margin between the retailers stage and product (50(.
The study showed a rise in the profits of the retailer from the margin, as it ranked
first, as it reached an average of the cucumber crop of about (218.44 dinars - kg),
while the profit for the wholesaler amounted to about (132.57 dinars/ kg The
product profits amounted to about (98.655) dinars - kg. The researcher recommended working to provide production requirements and agricultural marketing
requirements for the cucumber crop with good quality and appropriate prices,
which have an effective role in reducing production and marketing costs.
Key Words: The Economics, Marketing, Cucumber Crop.
Comparative diagnostic performance of a Cas13-based assay for detecting COVID-19 cases in Al-Dewaniyah province, Iraq.
Authors: Alkaebi Farah , Tahmasebi Parisa
Published: November 2023

Effective, accurate, and rapid diagnostic tools for detecting SARS-Covid2 infection are urgently needed to prevent and control the pandemic. While RT-qPCR is
a gold standard test for diagnosing SARS-Covid2 infections, this method is limited
by the requirement for expensive equipment, experienced staff and specialized molecular laboratory. Recently, the CRISPR cas13 platform was used for the detection of COVID-19. This study evaluated the clinical performance of the CRISPRbased cas13a diagnostic assay for SARS-Covid2. In the current study, the diagnostic performance of the Cas13-based SHERLOCK (Specific High Sensitivity Enzymatic Reporter Unlocking) assay was compared with RT-qPCR in terms of sensitivity, specificity and time consumption.
Keywords: Crispr-Cas13; Covid-19; Sherlock
Molecular detection of Nosema ceranae and determining the percentage of
colony infection and workers in some provinces of Iraq
Authors: Abdelabbas Had Hayder , Fadhil Al-Jassany Radhi
Published: November 2023

Nosema ceranae is one of the most serious diseases affecting adult honey bees
worldwide. It is referred to as a silent killer because there are no distinguishing
symptoms. So, Polymerase chain reaction( multiplex PCR) was used to identify
the rRNA marker for Nosema ceranae in 2700 Apis mellifera samples collected
from three Governorates (AL-Najaf ، Wasit ، Diyala) in Iraq over six months in
2021-2022. DNA sequencing analysis of the N. ceranae samples revealed no intraspecific variation in the 219 bp of the 16s SSU of N. ceranae from Iraq, and the
strain was recorded in NCBI with number OM985045.1 ، OM985047.1 and
OM9790821.1 respectively. Before using PCR, the samples were examined using
an optical microscope. It was discovered that the high percentage of infection in
colonies in Autumn 2021 was 70.3 % in Diyala in October, the low percentage was
47.5% in Wasit in December, and The high percentage in workers was 92.7 % in
October in Diyala. The low percentage is 52.0% in Wasit in December. The highest
number of spores per bee was recorded in Diyala in November it was 86.9x105
spores ، the lowest number was 49.5x105
spores recorded in Wasit in October. In
Spring 2022, the high percentage in colonies was 54.4% in April in Al-Najaf in
May. The low percentage was 32.3% ، the high percentage in workers was 84.0%
in March in Diyala, and the low percentage was 38.7% in May in AL-Najaf ، The
high number of spores was recorded in November in Diyala was 86.9x105
spores.
The lowest number was 48x104
spores in May in Al-Najaf.
Keywords: Nosema ceranae, colonies infection, Honey bees
Estimation of genetic parameters for new entries of bread wheat
(Triticum aestivum L.)
Authors: Wael Mahmood Hussein , Bader Al Hamdani Zakariya
Published: November 2023

The study was conducted in one of the fields of the Al-Yamja area, south of Mosul,
which is (5) km from the city Centre for the season (2020-2021). Five genotypes
of soft wheat were used, which were obtained from the Organization
(C.I.M.M.Y.T.), adding an approved local cultivar (Abu Ghraib). The cultivation
was carried out on lines with a length of (2) m and the distance between one line
and another (30) cm using a randomized complete block design (R.C.B.D.) with
three replications and in the manner explained by 1
.The study included the following traits: number of days to flowering at (50%), plant height (cm), spike length
(cm), number of grains/spike, number of spikes/plant, vital yield (g/plant) and
grain yield (g /plant), The weight of 100 grains and the harvest index %, where the
analysis of variance table shows that all the genotypes showed significance at the
probability level of 1% except for the trait number of spikes/plant, which was significant at the probability level of 5% and trait of the harvest index %. The statistical significance was not reached, and the studied phenotypic, genetic and environmental variance values showed that they were more significant than zero for all
studied traits except for the genetic variance for the characteristic of harvest index
%, Where it did not differ significantly from zero, it was noted that the values of
heritability in the broad sense were high and for all the studied traits except for the
trait number of spikes/plant was medium. The recipe of harvest index % was low.
The values of the expected genetic improvement were as an average percentage for
the traits of plant height, spike length and the number of grains/spike. The vital
yield, grain yield and weight of 100 grains were low for the characteristics of the
number of days to flowering at (50%), the number of spikes/plant and harvest index
%. We note that the values of the genetic variation coefficient were the highest for
a trait of spike length, number of grains/spike and biological yield, and the values
of the phenotypic variation coefficient were the highest for the traits of spike
length, number of grains/spike and biological yield.
Keywords: genetic parameters, bread wheat, Triticum aestivum L
Effect of adding Biohealth, zeolite and mineral fertilizer on some measurements of potato yield
Authors: Jamal Abdul Razzaq Al-Hassan , Qassem Mohammed AlBahrani Shaker and Iman
Published: November 2023

To know the effect of bio-enhancer (zeolite), biohealth, mineral fertilizers and their
interactions, the possibility of replacing mineral fertilizers with bio-enhancers and
bio-enhancers, and their effect on some potato yield measurements. A field experiment was conducted at one of the field stations of the College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Baghdad, near the electronic calculator center,
research station (F) in Al-Jadriya region in the loam mixture soil during autumn
season 2021-2022 AD, It was designed using a completely randomized block design (RCBD) with three replicates. The factors of the study experiment included
three levels of zeolite (0, 6 tons ha-1, and 12 tons ha-1), which were symbolized
by (Z0), (Z1) and (Z2), respectively. As for the bio-enhancer (Biohealth), it was
added at two levels (0 and 5) to kg ha-1, which was symbolized by the symbols
(B0) and (B1), respectively. As for the mineral fertilizer treatments, they were
added at three levels (0, 50%, and 75%) of the fertilizer recommendation, which
was (300 kg ha-1 N, 100 kg ha-1 P, and 300 kg ha-1 potassium), symbolized by
(F0). and (F1) and (F2), respectively. Potato seed, Rivera cultivar, was planted as
a furrow on 1/23/2022. The area of the experimental unit was 6 m 2 (3 m 2 x 2 m2
).
Eighteen treatments were distributed randomly in the sectors (replicates), so the
number of units became 54 experimental units.
Keywords: Potato; Biohealth; Zeolite; Mineral Fertilizer.