bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
[Retracted] Study on Risk Factors and Nutritional Status of Postoperative Infection in Patients Undergoing Abdominal Surgery
Authors: Wang Zhejin , Li Chen , Quan Qi , Zhang Ying
Published: July 2022

In order to evaluate the risk factors of postoperative infection in patients undergoing abdominal surgery and the correlation with nutritional status, 143 patients admitted to our hospital for abdominal surgery from September 2020 to September 2021 are selected and analyzed. By collecting the clinical results and related pathological data of all patients, all patients are divided into the postoperative infection group (48 cases) and the noninfection group (95 cases) according to whether postoperative infection occurred. Firstly, the clinical data of the two groups are analyzed by univariate analysis. Secondly, the risk factors of postoperative infection in patients undergoing abdominal surgery are analyzed by binary logistic regression. Thirdly, the nutrition‐related indexes are compared, and the correlation between postoperative infection and serum nutritional indexes is analyzed by the Spearman correlation coefficient. The results demonstrate that patients undergoing abdominal surgery have a certain risk of infection after surgery, and combination with underlying diseases is a risk factor for postoperative infection. In addition, poor preoperative nutritional status is also closely related to postoperative infection. It is suggested that serum PA and RBP indicators have certain predictive effects on postoperative infection.
Design of Hospital Operation Management System Based on Business-Finance Integration
Authors: Luo Xi , Jiang Chaoqun
Published: July 2022

In order to meet the requirements of the medical reform on the informatization construction of hospital operation management, a new and refined management system is established for the hospital, which integrates and analyzes the daily management data, realizes the unification of “capital flow and business flow,” and enhances the management’s understanding of people, management of the planning use, and coordination and control of various comprehensive resources of finance and materials. In this study, by creating a new type of comprehensive operation management platform for the hospital, and by establishing a whole new set of operation management decision-making system, the hospital can effectively and unifiedly manage the business related to people, finance, and materials, so that the multifaceted business data can be effectively managed. Interoperability and sharing, with cost accounting as the center, enhance the management’s intuitive understanding of the operation of various aspects of the hospital and provide strong support for the management of planning, coordination, resource allocation, comprehensive analysis, etc., forming financial management categories and logistics. There are four management categories: management category, human resource management category, business analysis, and decision-making category; the ultimate realization of the optimization of hospital resources and operation mode, the decision-making system aiming at the comprehensive management of hospital personnel, finance, and materials, that is, the comprehensive operation management of the hospital system. The system can provide a strong guarantee for the stable, safe, and healthy economic operation of the hospital and improve the information construction and sustainable development of the hospital. Ultimately, the purpose of improving the comprehensive operation management of the hospital, realizing the refined management, enhancing the core competitiveness of the hospital, and finally realizing the integration of business and finance is achieved.
Cognitive Impairments in Patients with GHB Use Disorder Predict Relapse in GHB Use
Authors: Beurmanjer Harmen , Bruijnen Carolien J.W.H. , Greeven Peter G.J. , De Jong Cornelis A.J. , Schellekens Arnt F.A. , Dijkstra Boukje A.G.
Published: July 2022

Background: The recreational use of gamma hydroxybutyrate (GHB) is associated with frequent overdoses, coma and the risk of developing GHB use disorder (GUD). Several studies suggest negative effects of GHB use or related comas on cognition. Since relapse rates are high in GUD and cognitive impairment has been associated with relapse in other substance use disorders, we aimed to (1) investigate the prevalence of cognitive impairment before and after detoxification, (2) analyse the relationship between GHB use, comas, and cognitive impairment, and (3) explore the association between cognitive impairment and relapse after detoxification in GUD patients. Methods: In these secondary analyses of a prospective cohort study, a consecutive series of patients with GUD (n = 103) admitted for detoxification were recruited at six addiction care facilities in the Netherlands. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) was used to screen for cognitive impairments before and after detoxification. The follow-up duration for the assessment of relapse in GHB use was 3 months. Results: A substantial number of patients with GUD screened positive for cognitive impairment before (56.3%) and after (30.6%) detoxification. Impairment on the MoCA memory domain was most frequent (58.8%). Cognitive impairment was not related to the severity of GUD or number of GHB-induced comas. Logistic regression analysis showed that only the memory score independently predicted relapse. Discussion: Cognitive impairment seems highly prevalent among patients with GUD, possibly related to the risk of relapse. The absence of a relationship between the severity of GUD, level of GHB use, the number of GHB-induced comas, and cognitive impairment suggest that other factors may also contribute to the observed cognitive impairment.
Prevalence and Area of Retinal Pigment Epithelium and Outer Retinal Atrophy in Eyes with Non-Exudative Macular Neovascularization
Authors: Vilares-Morgado Rodrigo , Silva Ivo , Cunha Ana Maria , Carneiro Ângela , Falcão-Reis Fernando , Falcão Manuel
Published: July 2022

Purpose: The objective of this study wasto assess the prevalence of complete retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and outer retinal atrophy (cRORA) in patients with unilateral exudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD) of the fellow eye and establish if the presence of non-exudative macular neovascularization (NE-MNV) influences the prevalence of RPE and outer retinal atrophy in eyes with AMD. Methods: This is an observational cross-sectional study of 68 patients with unilateral exudative AMD. Demographic and clinical data were collected, and multimodal retinal imaging was performed in all patients. Two groups of patients were defined according to the presence (NE-MNV) or absence (no NE-MNV) of NE-MNV in the study eye. We compared the prevalence of tomographic cRORA and fundus autofluorescence (FAF) geographic atrophy (GA) and differences in cRORA greatest linear diameter (GLD) and GA area between groups. Results: Globally, cRORA was present in 11 eyes (16.2%), FAF GA was present in 10 eyes (14.7%), and NE-MNV was present in 10 eyes (14.7%) of patients with unilateral exudative AMD of the fellow eye. The overall cRORA GLD was 1,950.64 ± 1,428.31 μm, and the mean area of GA was 9.25 ± 7.50 mm2. Regarding comparisons between groups, cRORA was present in 9 eyes (15.5%) without NE-MNV and in 2 eyes (20%) with NE-MNV (p = 0.66). Tomographic signs of atrophy were more frequent in eyes with NE-MNV (50% vs. 24.1% in eyes without NE-MNV; p = 0.008). No significant differences were found in cRORA GLD (p = 0.30) between groups. Eyes with NE-MNV and eyes without NE-MNV had a similar prevalence of FAF GA (2 eyes out of 10 and 8 eyes out of 58, respectively; p = 0.64). Eyes with NE-MNV had a smaller mean area of GA (2.07 ± 0.24 mm2 vs. 11.05 ± 7.34 mm2; p = 0.01). Conclusion: In our study, the presence of NE-MNV was not associated with the prevalence of cRORA and/or FAF GA. Nonetheless, eyes with NE-MNV presented smaller areas of GA, which suggests that this type of neovascularization may prevent the progression of RPE and outer retinal atrophy. Longitudinal studies are required to confirm these preliminary results.
Impact of Tafamidis and Optimal Background Treatment on Physical Performance in Patients With Transthyretin Amyloid Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Badr Eslam Roza , Öztürk Begüm , Rettl René , Capelle Christophe Denis Josef , Qin Hong , Binder Christina , Dachs Theresa-Marie , Camuz Ligios Luciana , Duca Franz , Dalos Daniel , Schrutka Lore , Alasti Farideh , Kastner Johannes , Vila Greisa , Bonderman Diana
Published: July 2022

Background:

In patients with transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy, tafamidis was shown to slow the decline in 6-minute walking distance as compared with placebo. We aimed to define the impact of tafamidis and optimal background treatment on functional capacity as determined by cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET).

Methods:

Seventy-eight consecutive patients were enrolled in the study. They underwent CPET at baseline, and outcome defined as death or heart failure hospitalization was obtained for a time period of up to 30 months. Fifty-four patients completed a follow-up CPET at 9±3 months (range, 4–16 months). Improvement in peak VO
2
at follow-up was defined as ∆peak VO
2
≥1.0 mL/(kg·min), stable peak VO
2
was defined as 0≤∆peak VO
2
<1.0 mL/(kg·min), and decline in peak VO
2
was defined by ∆peak VO
2
<0 mL/(kg·min).

Results:

Baseline peak VO
2
>14 mL/(kg·min) as well as minute ventilation/carbon dioxide production slope≤34 were associated with a lower risk of death or heart failure hospitalization (
P
=0.002,
P
=0.007, respectively). In 54 patients, who received tafamidis and underwent repeat CPET testing, an improvement in physical performance (
P
=0.002) was observed at follow-up. When comparing pre and post-treatment parameters, 29 patients (54%) showed an increase in percent predicted peak VO
2
(
P
<0.0001), an improvement of peak VO
2
(
P
<0.0001), and better physical performance at follow-up (
P
<0.0001). Patients with stable or improved peak VO
2
had less advanced heart disease at baseline (
P
=0.046).

Conclusions:

Our findings demonstrate that baseline peak VO
2
and baseline minute ventilation/carbon dioxide production slope predict outcomes and an improvement in physical performance as measured by CPET was observed in patients receiving tafamidis, who had less advanced disease at baseline, emphasizing the importance of early diagnosis.
Transcatheter Closure of Patent Foramen Ovale in Older Patients With Cryptogenic Thromboembolic Events
Authors: Alperi Alberto , Guedeney Paul , Horlick Eric , Nombela-Franco Luis , Freixa Xavier , Pascual Isaac , Mesnier Jules , Houde Christine , Abrahamyan Lusine , Montalescot Gilles , Rodés-Cabau Josep
Published: July 2022

Background:

The main randomized trials evaluating patent foramen ovale (PFO) closure after a presumed PFO-associated stroke excluded patients older than 60 years. We aimed to evaluate the early- and long-term clinical outcomes of transcatheter PFO closure in older (>60 years) patients with a cryptogenic ischemic event.

Methods:

This is a multicenter study including consecutive patients older than 60 years (mean age, 67±5 years) who had a PFO closure following a presumed PFO-related ischemic event. Patients ≤60 years old (mean age, 44±10 years) served as the control group. The primary end point was the occurrence of stroke, transient ischemic attack, or peripheral embolism over the follow-up period. New-onset atrial fibrillation was a secondary end point.

Results:

A total of 388 and 883 patients >60 and ≤60 years old were included, respectively. Procedural success rate was high (99.9%), and procedural-related complications low (<2%) in both groups. After a median follow-up of 3 (1–8) years, older patients exhibited an incidence of stroke/transient ischemic attack/peripheral embolism of 1.6 events per 100 patient-years (stroke: 0.6 events per 100 patient-years), lower than that expected according to the risk of paradoxical embolism score (observed-to-expected ratio, 0.31 [95% CI, 0.11–0.91]). However, the event rate in older patients was higher than that observed in their younger counterparts (incidence rate ratio, 4.7 [95% CI, 2.36–9.8]). De novo atrial fibrillation after the procedure was more frequent in older patients (2.66 per 100 patient-years versus 0.49 per 100 patient-years,
P
<0.001).

Conclusions:

In patients older than 60 years with a presumed PFO-related ischemic event, PFO closure was safe and associated with a relatively low incidence of recurrent ischemic events after a median follow-up of 3 years compared with historical cohorts of patients who did not undergo PFO closure. However, a higher risk of recurrent cerebrovascular events was observed in older patients compared to their younger counterparts. Randomized trials are warranted in this population.
How Well Do
ICD‐9‐CM
Codes Predict True Congenital Heart Defects? A Centers for Disease Control and Prevention‐Based Multisite Validation Project
Authors: Rodriguez Fred H. , Raskind‐Hood Cheryl L. , Hoffman Trenton , Farr Sherry L. , Glidewell Jill , Li Jennifer S. , D'Ottavio Alfred , Botto Lorenzo , Reeder Matthew R. , Hsu Daphne , Lui George K. , Sullivan Anaclare M. , Book Wendy M.
Published: July 2022

Background

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Surveillance of Congenital Heart Defects Across the Lifespan project uses large clinical and administrative databases at sites throughout the United States to understand population‐based congenital heart defect (CHD) epidemiology and outcomes. These individual databases are also relied upon for accurate coding of CHD to estimate population prevalence.

Methods and Results

This validation project assessed a sample of 774 cases from 4 surveillance sites to determine the positive predictive value (PPV) for identifying a true CHD case and classifying CHD anatomic group accurately based on 57
International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD‐9‐CM)
codes. Chi‐square tests assessed differences in PPV by CHD severity and age. Overall, PPV was 76.36% (591/774 [95% CI, 73.20–79.31]) for all sites and all CHD‐related
ICD‐9‐CM
codes. Of patients with a code for complex CHD, 89.85% (177/197 [95% CI, 84.76–93.69]) had CHD; corresponding PPV estimates were 86.73% (170/196 [95% CI, 81.17–91.15]) for shunt, 82.99% (161/194 [95% CI, 76.95–87.99]) for valve, and 44.39% (83/187 [95% CI, 84.76–93.69]) for “Other” CHD anatomic group (
X
2
=142.16,
P
<0.0001).
ICD‐9‐CM
codes had higher PPVs for having CHD in the 3 younger age groups compared with those >64 years of age, (
X
2
=4.23,
P
<0.0001).

Conclusions

While CHD
ICD‐9‐CM
codes had acceptable PPV (86.54%) (508/587 [95% CI, 83.51–89.20]) for identifying whether a patient has CHD when excluding patients with
ICD‐9‐CM
codes for “Other” CHD and code 745.5, further evaluation and algorithm development may help inform and improve accurate identification of CHD in data sets across the CHD
ICD‐9‐CM
code groups.
On Referential Parallelism and Compulsory Binding
Authors: Fleisher Nicholas
Published: July 2022

Binding and ellipsis are empirically and theoretically symbiotic: each reveals otherwise hidden facts about the other. Here I investigate a case where a theory of binding is entwined with a problematic ellipsis- licensing mechanism, with the result that there are strong reasons to abandon both. The ellipsislicensing mechanism in question is Referential Parallelism (Fox 2000), according to which a bound pronoun may support strict identity under ellipsis. Jettisoning this mechanism forces us to abandon theories of binding that involve what I call compulsory binding, which encode a grammatical preference for binding over coreference and for local over nonlocal binding (Reinhart 1983, Grodzinsky and Reinhart 1993, Fox 2000, Büring 2005). In their place, I suggest that we adopt what I call the violation equivalence approach to binding (Heim 1993, Reinhart 2006, Roelofsen 2010) and a Foxstyle ellipsis-licensing mechanism based on formal alternatives (Katzir 2007, Fox and Katzir 2011).
Why Change? Exploring the Antecedents of Southern African Evolutions in Legislative Budgeting
Authors: Heim Kristen Alicia
Published: July 2022

Recent evidence suggests that a small number of anglophone legislatures in Southern Africa are enhancing their engagement in the expenditure side of the annual budget process, particularly in the formulation phase. But why change, when these legislatures could simply stay the same? This study tests four possible explanations for this surprising trend, applying unique data collected in 2016/2017, complemented by publicly available, cross-national, historical records. The preliminary results indicate that leading political, legal, and technical explanations are unable to fully account for the changes that are underway. Instead, evidence suggests that a process of international socialisation, potentially precipitated by US-based legislative assistance programmes at a critical time, may have planted the seeds that pushed these developments along. This study encourages further exploration of the ways in which a quintessentially national institution is shaped internationally, and contributes to our understanding of why legislatures in similar developmental contexts might evolve.
The Pamphiliinae of the Russian Far East and Korea (Hymenoptera, Pamphiliidae)
Authors: SHINOHARA AKIHIKO , KRAMP KATJA , TAEGER ANDREAS
Published: July 2022

Four genera and 58 species of the web-spinning or leaf-rolling sawfly subfamily Pamphiliinae are recognized in the Russian Far East and Korea. Pamphilius belokobylskiji sp. nov. and Pamphilius graciloides sp. nov. are described from Primorskij Kraj (Russia) and Korea. Pamphilius zinovjevi Shinohara, 1988, is syn. nov. of Pamphilius ussuriensis Shinohara, 1988. Lectotypes are designated for Lyda hilaris Eversmann, 1847, Lyda kumamotonis Matsumura, 1912, Lyda sapporensis Matsumura, 1912, Pamphilius virescens Malaise, 1931, and Neurotoma sibirica Gussakovskij, 1935. Pamphilius aucupariae Vikberg, 1971, and Pamphilius hilaris (Eversmann, 1847) are newly recorded from Korea. Keys are given to separate the two tribes, four genera and 58 species. Additional collection records from Primorskij Kraj and Korea and photographs of all the species treated are given. The number of the specimens examined for each species, in total over 16000, is noted under the respective species. We undertook molecular analyses of the mitochondrial gene cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) for 597 specimens and of the nuclear gene sodium-potassium adenosine triphosphatase (NaK) for 271 specimens. Based on the results, we assess the monophyly of each supraspecific taxon and each intrageneric species group or subgroup and the hypotheses about their relationships. The tribe Neurotomini with its single genus Neurotoma, the tribe Pamphiliini and the genus Onycholyda are considered monophyletic with 99–100% UFBoot supports, whereas monophyly of the genus Pamphilius is not sufficiently supported by the COI results. The three available datasets, namely, morphology (Shinohara, 2002b), COI genes (present work) and NaK genes (present work), support three different hypotheses of relationships within the tribe Pamphiliini.
Time-Dependent Intensity Ratio-Based Approach for Estimating the Temperature of Laser Produced Plasma
Authors: Tarai Akash Kumar , Junjuri Rajendhar , Rashkovskiy Sergey A. , Gundawar Manoj Kumar
Published: July 2022

Reported here is a rapid and simplified approach for modeling the temporal evolution of the plasma temperature. The use of only two emission lines makes this technique simple, accurate, and fast. Usually, multiple emission lines are required for estimating plasma temperature using Boltzmann/Saha–Boltzmann plots. But, in several cases, either multiple emission lines are not available for every element and/or sufficient lines are not free from self-absorption effect. The proposed method greatly increases the possibility of plasma temperature estimation as it requires only two lines. A brass target was used to generate the plasma, using a conventional single-pulse nanosecond laser of ∼7 ns pulse duration at an excitation wavelength of 532 nm. The initial temperature of plasma and the radiation decay constant were estimated using a proposed intensity ratio model. The results were estimated using various combinations of emission lines, which show an excellent agreement with the values obtained using the previously reported method.
Positional Deprivation and Support for Redistribution and Social Insurance in Europe
Authors: Burgoon Brian , Baute Sharon , van Noort Sam
Published: July 2022

We argue that support for redistribution increases when one experiences “positional deprivation,” situations when one’s own income increases slower or decreases faster compared to that of others. This specific combination of economic suffering over-time and relative to others has effects beyond well-studied measures of suffering that are static and/or absolute in nature, such as income level. We empirically explore this hypothesis by using “objective-material” measures of positional deprivation derived from the Luxembourg Income Studies and the European Social Survey, and by using “subjective” measures derived from an original survey in 13 European countries. We find that those whose income growth is outpaced by the average and/or richest members of their country are more likely to support redistribution. We also find that the objective and subjective measures of positional deprivation are significantly correlated, and that positional deprivation’s fostering of support for redistribution holds above-and-beyond static and/or absolute measures of economic experience.
Effects of moisture ingression on the impact damage resistance and damage tolerance of alumina based oxide/oxide ceramic matrix composites
Authors: Ortega Brianna , Kitt Brian , Slater Samuel , Lee Keeley , Benedict Zach , Singh Abhendra K
Published: July 2022

In this study the effects of moisture ingression on the impact damage resistance and damage tolerance of NextelTM610/alumina-silicate ceramic matrix composites were experimentally evaluated. Thin and thick composite laminates with balanced and symmetric layups were placed inside an environmental chamber at 80°C and 85% relative humidity till moisture saturation was reached. The laminates were then subjected to low velocity impacts using a hemispherical steel impactor at energy levels of 2.5 J and 10 J for the thin and thick laminates, respectively. This resulted in similar damage depths on the impactor side between the two sets of laminates. The resultant damage was characterized non-destructively with the damage metrics of external dent area, dent depth and planar internal damage area quantitatively determined. Impacted laminates were subject to in-plane compression loading and the residual strengths were evaluated. Planar internal damage area was larger for the moisture exposed laminates in comparison to their pristine counterparts for both the thin and thick laminates. Also, larger internal damage area resulted in lower compression-after-impact strength and thus, less damage tolerant laminates. This was true for the pristine and moisture exposed cases for both the laminate thicknesses.
I’ll Be Back? Exiled Leaders and Political Instability
Authors: Krcmaric Daniel , Escribà-Folch Abel
Published: July 2022

Exile is often considered a useful political solution that can coax violent or unpopular leaders out of power. But these “golden parachutes” may come with a price. Specifically, do exiled leaders increase instability back in their home countries? In this paper, we outline the mechanisms through which exiled rulers can destabilize their home state’s politics and ultimately increase conflict. We present two types of evidence to support the argument. The first is a cross-national analysis that uses our original Leaders in Exile dataset to examine how exiled leaders shape the likelihood of civil conflicts, coups, and protests. The second is a cross-leader analysis designed to minimize inferential concerns by comparing cases where leaders escape into exile with cases where leaders are killed. In both tests, we find that exiled leaders are linked to political instability in their home countries.
A Protocol for Prolonged Surgical Anaesthesia with Recovery in Fire Salamanders Using Tricaine Mesylate (MS-222): A Case Series
Authors: Stathopoulou T , Light J , Lamas L. P , Pierce S. E , Pelligand L
Published: July 2022

The objective of this study was to describe prolonged surgical anaesthesia and recovery in fire salamanders ( Salamandra salamandra) using tricaine methanesulfonate (MS-222). A total of 14 salamanders were anaesthetised for electromyography wire implantation. Sodium bicarbonate buffered solutions (0.5–4 g l–1) of MS-222 were prepared (adjusted to pH 7.0). Anaesthesia was induced by partial immersion in pre-oxygenated 3 g l–1 solution for 20 min. Buprenorphine (0.5 mg kg–1) was administered subcutaneously. During microsurgery, heart rate (HR), solution pH and temperature were recorded. Reflectance pulse oximeter (SpO2) (Masimo Rad-57) was recorded in two salamanders. Anaesthetic plane and MS-222 pH stability (pH 7.6) were maintained by renewing administration of oxygenated MS-222 solution (0.5–3 g l–1) onto swabs that partially covered the body. Recovery started at the end of surgery (MS-222 0 g l–1). Postoperatively, salamanders were given oral meloxicam (0.2 mg kg–1). Mean time for loss of righting reflex during induction was 13.7 ± 2.2 min. Duration of anaesthesia and time to recovery were 111 ± 24.2 and 31 ± 10.3 min, respectively. Due to complications, two salamanders did not recover. Baseline HR was 67.4 ± 34.5 beats/min, and it decreased significantly until recovery ( p ≤ 0.0001). In two salamanders, baseline SpO2 was 85.5% ± 14.5, SpO2 during surgery was 61% ± 6.4, improving to 80.5% ± 2.1 on recovery.

In conclusion, prolonged recovery anaesthesia is achievable with MS-222 dilutions in salamander. Reflectance SpO2 could prove valuable during immersion anaesthesia.
Cultivating Critical Translingual Awareness: Challenges and Possibilities for Teachers and Teacher Educators
Authors: Cinaglia Carlo , De Costa Peter I
Published: July 2022

Translanguaging has been put forth as an asset-based perspective to language education that recognizes the diverse communicative repertoires of plurilingual students. In this thematic review, we highlight the potential of translanguaging as a pedagogical approach in fostering educational equity and generating critical dialogue among various stakeholders. We draw attention to recent theorization of translanguaging within a broader decolonial agenda, and we highlight challenges faced implementing translanguaging pedagogies in different contexts. Finally, we underscore the role of teacher educators in helping teachers develop a critical translingual stance focused on interrogating dominant ideologies about language and education.
Temporomandibular joint synovial chondromatosis: An analysis of 7 cases and literature review
Authors: Song Zhiqiang , Yuan Shanshan , Liu Junjie , Bakker Astrid D. , Klein-Nulend Jenneke , Pathak Janak L. , Zhang Qingbin
Published: July 2022

Objective:

To investigate the diagnosis and treatment procedure of synovial chondromatosis (SC) of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ).

Methods:

Clinical features, imaging features, surgical methods, and prognosis of 7 patients with SC of the TMJ were analyzed. We also reviewed and analyzed surgery-relevant literature included in the Pubmed database in the past decade using the search terms “synovial chondromatosis” and “temporomandibular joint”, and found 181 cases.

Results:

There was no specific difference in the symptoms of SC in the TMJ in different Milgram’s stages in our cases and the cases mentioned in the literature. The main symptoms of SC in the TMJ were pain (100%, 7/7; 64.64%, 117/181), limited mouth opening (57.14%, 4/7; 53.59%, 97/181), swelling (14.29%, 1/7; 28.18%, 51/181), crepitus (28.57%, 2/7; 19.34%, 35/181), and clicking (14.29%, 1/7; 9.94%, 18/181) in our cases and cases from literature separately. The imaging features of SC were occupying lesions (including loose bodies or masses) (71.42%, 5/7; 37.57%, 68/181), bone change in condyle or glenoid fossa (1/7, 14.29%; 34.81%, 63/181), effusion (42.86%, 3/7; 20.99%, 38/181), joint space changes (42.86%, 3/7; 11.05%, 20/181) in our cases and cases from literature separately. The surgical procedures seem to depend mainly on the involved structures and the extension of the lesion rather than the Milgram’s stage.

Conclusions:

The clinical features of SC in the TMJ are nonspecific and easy to be misdiagnosed. MRI is helpful in the diagnosis of SC in the TMJ. The surgical procedures mainly depend on the involved structures and the extension of the lesion.
Mixed Media: The Assembly's Theologia Prima of Resistance to Its Place of Prayer
Authors: Cones Bryan
Published: July 2022

Many liturgical assemblies celebrate in spaces purpose-built for the worship of a different age. While financial and other constraints limit the possibility of complete reordering and renovation of these buildings, assemblies can nevertheless creatively engage their inherited architecture and discover new encounters with the living God. This paper explores how active resistance to the built environment can be a juxtaposing act of primary liturgical theology that interacts with the received liturgies of past assemblies and proposes new patterns for prayer even in inhospitable spaces.
Body as the Offering Gift in the Performance of the Liturgy of the Hours in the Malankara Syrian Liturgical Rite
Authors: Mathew Reni
Published: July 2022

A worshiper as both corporeal and spiritual being cannot confine their prayers only to minds and hearts. However, on the other hand, it is also to be expressed through the worshiper's physical body. The integrity of the liturgical act and prayer is not only by one's vocal pronouncement but also “by” and “with” one's body. The human body and mind are fitted with a diversity of intellectual and sensual capacities. Thus, Liturgy is expressed orally and takes shape in bodily postures and gestures. This paper explores the traditional components of liturgical gestures and poses in the performance of the Liturgy of the Hours in the Malankara Syrian/West Syrian liturgical tradition. Further, it investigates the use of non-verbal language and its symbolic meaning in the Liturgy of the Hours. Finally, this paper seeks answers to the following questions: based on the performance of the Liturgy of the Hours, can we say that liturgical anthropology is rooted in Kinaesthetic? How does the book of the common prayer contribute and explain the human body as a gift of God and an offering back to God? This study explores the given topic from a liturgical-theological perspective. This approach guarantees and inspires the necessity to preserve and promote the artistic movement and gestures in the Liturgy of the Hours.
An Individual Level Method for Improved Estimation of Ethnic Characteristics
Authors: Lan Tian , Longley Paul A.
Published: July 2022

This paper develops an improved method for estimating the ethnicity of individuals based on individual level pairings of given and family names. It builds upon previous research by using a global database of names from c. 1.7 billion living individuals, supplemented by individual level historical census data. In focusing upon Great Britain, these resources enable, respectively, greater precision in estimating probable global origins and better estimation of self-identification amongst long-established family groups such as the Irish Diaspora. We report on geographic issues in adjusting the weighting of groups that are systematically under- or over-predicted using other methods. Our individual level estimates are evaluated using both small area Great Britain census data for 2011 and individual level data for asylum seekers in Canada between 1995 and 2012. Our conclusions assess the value of such estimates in the conduct of social equity audits and in depicting the social mobility outcomes of residential mobility and migration across Great Britain.
Factors influencing peer referencing behavior during an online learning activity
Authors: Yu Fu-Yun , Sung Shannon
Published: July 2022

Cultivating critical thinking skills in referencing a plethora of information epitomizes the learning objectives of technology in education. However, different social influences in a classroom, such as academic prestige, friendship, and gender, may impact students’ referencing behavior. Specifically, we investigated how various factors affect pupils’ referencing of peer-generated questions during an online test-construction learning activity and perceptions. Three fifth-grade classes ( n = 75, Mage = 11.08, SD age = 0.28) participated in a two-stage mixed methods research for 12 weeks. We found significant effects of friendship and inferred task-specific ability on online referencing behavior based on the multiple regression quadratic assignment procedures, simple regressions, and two-step hierarchical linear regressions. The survey data further revealed that students considered the content of their peers' questions most frequently among a mixture of other factors influencing online referencing decisions. The implications and suggestions for instruction, future studies, and system designs involving behavior connoting intent to endorse are provided to help create meaningful, reflective, and impartial online learning spaces.
Attachment Representations and Early Adversity in Internationally Adopted Children from Russian Federation Using the Friends and Family Interview
Authors: Peñarrubia María , Román Maite , Palacios Jesús
Published: July 2022

Extant literature suggests that adopted children can generate new attachment bonds with adoptive parents, although early adversity leaves an enduring mark. This research was focused on attachment representations when adoptees from Russia were reaching their adolescence. The participants were 29 adoptees and 38 children from a control group, aged between 8 and 13 years. The Friends and Family Interview, a semi-structured interview, assessed the narrative’s coherence, reflective function, internal working models, and attachment classification. Children’s narrative was coded into numerical data by two coders with high interrater reliability. Adopted children were classified 41% secure, 35% dismissing, 14% preoccupied, and 10% disorganized (82% secure in the control group). Children’s age, gender and verbal IQ, and family structure –but not mother’s academic level nor placement variables– were related to attachment variables in both groups. Although adoption offers a protective context that promotes secure attachment, insecurity and disorganization are still evident.
Understanding Interest in Personal Ownership and Use of Autonomous Vehicles for Running Errands: An Exploration Using a Joint Model Incorporating Attitudinal Constructs
Authors: Batur Irfan , Asmussen Katherine E. , Mondal Aupal , Khoeini Sara , Magassy Tassio B. , Pendyala Ram M. , Bhat Chandra R.
Published: July 2022

Transportation has been experiencing disruptive forces in recent years. One key disruption is the development of autonomous vehicles (AVs) that will be capable of navigating roadways on their own without the need for human presence in the vehicle. In a utopian scenario, AVs may enter the transportation landscape and foster a more sustainable and livable ecosystem with shared autonomous electric vehicles (SAEV) serving mobility needs and eliminating the need for private ownership. In a more dystopian scenario, AVs would be personally owned by households—enabling people to live farther away from destinations, inducing additional travel, and roaming roadways with zero occupants. Concerned with the potential deleterious effects of having personal AVs running errands autonomously, this paper aims to shed light on the level of interest in sending AVs to run errands and how that variable affects the intent to own an AV. Using data from a survey conducted in 2019 in four automobile-oriented metropolitan regions in the United States, the relationship is explored through a joint model system estimated using the generalized heterogeneous data model (GHDM) methodology. Results show that even after accounting for socio-economic and demographic variables as well as latent attitudinal constructs, the level of interest in having AVs run errands has a positive and significant effect on AV ownership intent. The findings point to the need for policies that would steer the entry and use of AVs in the marketplace in ways that avoid a dystopian future.
An efficient, safe, and energy-saving saddle for pressure vessel based on electro-permanent magnet technology
Authors: Zhang Hongsheng , Li Yanbin , Yu Tao , Guo Kai , Cheng Yuxuan , Chang Jinpeng
Published: July 2022

In this paper, a novel magnetic transport saddle based on the electro-permanent magnet (EPM) technology is proposed. A strong and stable magnetic force can be generated by passing only a momentary current during loading and unloading since the magnetic force is provided by the internal permanent magnet, not the electromagnet. The EPM system is convenient to control and has low energy consumption. This research commenced with a preliminary design of the magnetic circuit structure and circuit structure. The feasibility of this magnetic circuit structure is verified by theoretical derivation and magnetic field simulation, and the factors influencing the magnetic force are further investigated. Subsequently, transient thermal analysis was performed for the extreme case of continuous magnetization and demagnetization. Then, a series of experiments such as electrical circuit, magnetic field, and tensile test were performed for the EPM chuck. Based on the magnetic element, the magnetic transport saddle is designed and the magnetic field simulation is performed for the magnetization state. In addition, when the wall thickness of the transport cylinder is too thin and the magnetic force is insufficient, this paper proposes a solution to increase the cushions inside the transported equipment. Finally, the energy-saving performance of the magnetic transport saddle based on the EPM technology is calculated.
Enslaved by the Uniform: Contemporary Descriptions of Eighteenth-Century Soldiering
Authors: Hurl-Eamon Jennine
Published: July 2022

A wide variety of eighteenth-century authors made comparisons to soldiering and slavery in newspapers, pamphlets and books. The analogy tended to be applied to highlight the lack of personal autonomy and inadequate wages of army service, as well as its harsh punishment and lifetime enlistment periods. While some commentators championed soldiers’ rights to better treatment, many had other agendas in mind. It was particularly prominent in anti-abolitionist propaganda, for example. Regardless of their intentions, civilians’ soldier-as-slave rhetoric took a toll on the actual men in uniform. The few rank-and-file writers to acknowledge it suggest that the metaphor shamed and humiliated them.
Medical Professionalism and Ethics
Authors: Desai Mira K. , Kapadia Jigar Dilipkumar
Published: July 2022

Frequent media reports of disputes between medical teachers, resident doctors, and patients have been disturbing thus indicating an increasing gap and decline in the values of the profession. The foundation of medical professionalism and ethics is trust, truth, human values, and strong societal commitment. Our professional responsibilities as medical educators have immediate and long-term impact on the quality of training, patient care, and overall image of the professional group in the society. Formal teaching and training in professionalism and medical ethics that emphasize humanistic aspects and standard of conduct, respectively, are equally essential as biomedical aspects. Interestingly, the principles of medical ethics and attributes of professionalism overlap. However, real-life experiences and complex clinical scenarios place medical educators at the crossroads that contradict their professional commitments resulting in ethical dilemmas. COVID-19 pandemic has further challenged the principles of medical professionalism, especially patient welfare, autonomy, and social justice to prioritize patient care and make tricky decisions based on insufficient resources including withholding and withdrawing potentially lifesaving treatments. Unfortunately, until now the teaching and training in medical professionalism and ethics have remained subtle and medical students learn by chance. The recent introduction of the AETCOM module and Code of Medical Ethics in the curriculum is a ray of hope to brighten the image of medical professionals.
The Role of Family Ownership in Norm-Conforming Environmental Initiatives: Lessons from China
Authors: Berrone Pascual , Gomez-Mejia Luis R. , Xu Kai
Published: July 2022

Drawing on institutional theory and property rights literature, this paper examines how different types of ownership adopt norm-conforming environmental practices in China. We propose that compared to governmental owners and institutional investors, which align themselves with the state and financial logics, respectively, family owners will adhere to a community logic, given their emphasis on socioemotional elements and property expropriation concerns. Thus, they are prone to norm-conforming environmental practices. Using a sample of 622 Chinese firms over six years, we find general support for the notion that ownership types are strongly associated with the adoption of norm-conforming environmental practices.
Semi-active switching vibration control with tree-based prediction and optimization strategy
Authors: Abe Mizuki , Hara Yushin , Otsuka Keisuke , Makihara Kanjuro
Published: July 2022

A novel control strategy that combines model predictive control (MPC) with semi-active vibration control that uses a highly effective, energy-efficient, and stable piezoelectric transducer is proposed in this paper. Incorporating MPC into semi-active vibration control enables significant improvements in control performance and robustness. However, it is challenging to directly predict and optimize the input trajectory because the semi-active input has a state-dependent discontinuous nature. To realize effective optimal control, we need a strategy that can predict the discontinuous semi-active input trajectory in a reasonable manner and is computationally cost-efficient. The proposed method employs a prediction algorithm based on a tree data structure. The proposed algorithm achieves flexible prediction and optimization of a semi-active input trajectory with a simple tree traversal. In addition, the proposed method employs a switching criterion to minimize the computational cost and implement fast prediction and optimization. The proposed method is called predictive switching vibration control with tree-based formulation and optimization, or the PSTFO method. The simulation proved that the proposed PSTFO method can predict discontinuous semi-active input and realizes optimal vibration control performance and high robustness. In addition, the high control performance and robustness of the proposed method were experimentally validated.
“We Treat Everyone Equally”: Hospice Care Team Members’ Language Use Regarding Sexual and Gender Minority Patients and Caregivers
Authors: Reynaga Miranda , Bybee Sara , Gettens Caroline , Tay Djin L. , Reblin Maija , Ellington Lee , Cloyes Kristin G.
Published: July 2022

Purpose

The way Hospice Care Team (HCT) members talk about patients and caregivers reflects personal attitudes and experiences, training, and broader social and cultural discourse. This secondary analysis examined the framing language professional hospice care providers used when discussing end-of-life care for LGBTQ+ patients and caregivers.

Methods

Discourse analysis and frame theory informed a secondary, qualitative analysis of focus group data collected with hospice providers (N = 48) in 3 U.S. states regarding their knowledge, experience, and opinions about end-of-life care for LGBTQ+ patients and caregivers.

Results

The following four (often overlapping) frames were identified (1) A normalizing frame which dismissed differences between LGBTQ+ patients/caregivers and non-LGBTQ+ individuals in general, and especially at end-of-life (2) A homogenizing frame which cast being LGBTQ+ as an intrinsic, universal characteristic and did not differentiate between different groups, specifically conflating orientation and gender identity (3) A pathologizing frame in which providers related being LGBTQ+ to disease conditions or illegal behaviors (4) An individualizing frame which focused on between-group differences, acknowledged variation, and emphasized the importance of historical context for personalized care.

Conclusion

Examination of discursive frames used by providers enhances understanding of how social and cultural influences, along with training and experience, shape how HCT members approach working with LGBTQ+ patients and families, and illuminates areas where additional education and training are needed. Our findings support the need for ongoing efforts to improve HCT members’ knowledge and skill regarding the needs of LGBTQ+ patients and families within the context of hospice and end-of-life care.
Information gaps in persuasion knowledge: The discourse regarding the Covid-19 vaccination
Authors: Israeli Tamar , Popper-Giveon Ariela , Keshet Yael
Published: July 2022

Persuasion knowledge is personal knowledge about persuasion attempts that has an effect on the way people respond to these attempts. Persuasion attempts are made to effectively handling the Covid-19 pandemic, which is dependent on high public compliance with vaccination programs. Drawing on the idea of persuasion knowledge, we aimed at elaborating the various categories of perceived information gaps experienced by vaccine hesitants during the Covid-19 vaccination campaign. At the beginning of 2021 we conducted 20 in-depth interviews with Israelis who had decided not to be vaccinated against Covid-19. Analysis of the interviews revealed three main categories of information gaps experienced by the interviewees: missing information, manipulated information, and discrepant information. We analyzed how these are associated with distrust and may impair the persuasion efforts of governments and health authorities. Perceived information gaps, as part of persuasion knowledge, may increase negative responses, and therefore constitute an important factor in persuasion campaigns.