bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Do fishers follow fish displaced by climate warming?
Authors: Abe Keita , Diekert Florian , Melsom Arne , Langangen Øystein
Published: April 2024

Climate change is associated with altered oceanographic conditions that tend to shift the geographical distributions of fish. To assess the impact of climate change on fisheries, one must go beyond projections of catch potential and understand how fishers respond to moving target species. Many previous studies have explicitly or implicitly assumed that fishers follow fish that are displaced by climate warming. Here, we evaluate this assumption by analyzing a long-term, large-scale yet high-resolution dataset combined with a detailed oceanographic model. Our study case is the Atlantic cod (Gadhus morhua) fishery in Norway, one of the largest whitefish fisheries in the world, with little technological or judicial constraints on the potential spatial response of fishers. An oceanographic model is used to predict the areas that have been suitable for Atlantic cod spawning over the two last decades. We compare whether these areas overlap with actually observed fishing locations. While the areas that are suitable for spawning clearly predict how much fish are caught per trip, the suitability of an area does not predict how many vessels fish in a given area at a given point in time. In contrast, the number of vessels in the previous week and the previous year explain the current number of vessels in that area. Hence, future projections of climate change effects should account for the rich and nuanced behavioral responses of humans to project climate change effects on fisheries.
Effect of TiO2 on the thermal performance and emissivity of glass coatings
Authors: Song Letong , Luo Lida , Ding Mengzhao , Shi Wangming , Wang Qingwei
Published: April 2024

Deep space exploration missions pose significant challenges to the temperature stability and thermal management of electronic components in spacecraft.
Unravelling performance of honeycomb structures as drug delivery systems for the isoniazid drug using DFT-D3 correction dispersion and molecular dynamic simulations
Authors: Ganji Masoud Darvish , Ko Hyunseok , Jamehbozorgi Saeed , Tajbakhsh Mahmood , Tanreh Sepideh , Pahlavan Nejad Rosa , Sepahvand Mahboubeh , Rezvani Mahyar
Published: April 2024

The potential application of an h-SiC is explored as a drug delivery system for anti-tuberculous activity based on DFT calculations and MD simulation.
Facets control charge separation during photoelectrochemical water oxidation with strontium titanate (SrTiO3) single crystals
Authors: Assavachin Samutr , Xiao Chengcan , Becker Kathleen , Osterloh Frank E.
Published: April 2024

The photoelectrochemical water oxidation activity of SrTiO3 crystals is determined by the variable work functions of different facets. This produces facet dependent semiconductor–liquid junctions that can drive charge separation in photocatalysts.
Nanomaterial-based energy conversion and energy storage devices: a comprehensive review
Authors: Farooq Nosheen , Rehman Zohaib ur , Khan Muhammad Imran , Asghar Saira , Saleem Maryam , Irshad Ravia , Sheikh Azka , Shanableh Abdallah , Manzoor Suryyia , Khan Zaib Ullah
Published: April 2024

Nanostructured materials are widely researched for energy applications like solar cells, catalysts, batteries, and graphene-based materials due to their high surface area, favorable transport properties, tunable physical attributes, and confinement effects at the nanoscale.
Synthesis, crystal structure, lipophilicity, antioxidant activity, binding interactions, and antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus of a Ni(ii) Schiff base complex: combined theoretical and experimental approaches
Authors: Das Arpita , Maity Ribhu , Sarkar Tuhin , Das Priyanka , Brandao Paula , Maity Tithi , Sarkar Keka , Samanta Bidhan Chandra
Published: April 2024

Comprehensive biological properties of a Ni(ii) complex derived from N, O donor ligand against gram-positive Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) are reported; the complex demonstrates better antibacterial activity than the conventional antibiotic Cefoxitin.
Immobilization of enzymes on polymers with upper critical solution temperature: promising engineering of enzymes for biocatalysis
Authors: Huang Lin , Li Xirui , Li Zhi
Published: April 2024

A review of the developments in biocatalysis using upper critical solution temperature (UCST)-type polymer-immobilized enzymes.
Pesticides and transformation products in surface waters of western Montérégie, Canada: occurrence, spatial distribution and ecotoxicological risks
Authors: Feng Xiameng , Liu Zhen , Vo Duy Sung , Munoz Gabriel , Parent Lise , Sauvé Sébastien
Published: April 2024

The ecotoxicological risk of pesticides was assessed for the surface waters of western Montérégie, one of the most important agricultural areas in Quebec, Canada.
Chemical synthesis of grafted cyclotides using a “plug and play” approach
Authors: Koehbach Johannes , Muratspahić Edin , Ahmed Zakaria M , White Andrew M , Tomašević Nataša , Durek Thomas , Clark Richard J , Gruber Christian W , Craik David J
Published: April 2024

‘Plug and play’ grafting – a simple and convenient modular synthesis method to access complex cyclotide grafts and generate potent GPCR ligands is described.
Tuning the pore chemistry of Zr-MOFs for efficient metal ion capture from complex streams
Authors: Sikma R. Eric , Song Boyoung , Deneff Jacob I. , Smith Jacob , Sanchez Kadie , Reyes Raphael A. , Lucero Luke M. , Fritzsching Keith J. , Ilgen Anastasia G. , Sava Gallis Dorina F.
Published: April 2024

The metal ion adsorption selectivities of stable Zr(iv) metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) can be readily tuned via functional group chemistry and control of defect character.
1O2 mediated synthesis of carbonyl substituted quinoline-2,4(1H,3H)-diones in visible light: 4CzIPN as a reusable photocatalyst
Authors: Harsha  , Kumar Rohit , Jain Nidhi
Published: April 2024

A mild and eco-friendly method for the construction of carbonyl-containing quinoline-2,4(1H,3H)-diones has been developed in the presence of O2, photocatalyzed by reusable 4CzIPN in visible light.
Construction of a streptavidin-based dual-localized DNAzyme walker for disease biomarker detection
Authors: Xia Lingying , Chen Junbo , Hou Xiandeng , Zhou Rongxing , Cheng Nansheng
Published: April 2024

A dual-localized DNAzyme walker was constructed by utilizing split DNAzymes and their substrates are separately localized on streptavidin and AuNPs. Such dual localization increased the local concentration between DNAzymes and substrates, significantly enhancing the reaction kinetics.
Solution processed metal chalcogenide semiconductors for inorganic thin film photovoltaics
Authors: Turnley Jonathan W. , Agrawal Rakesh
Published: April 2024

This article encapsulates the science and engineering that goes into solution processed solar cells, focusing on a variety of established and emerging metal chalcogenide materials.
Redox-reversible siderophore-based catalyst anchoring within cross-linked artificial metalloenzyme aggregates enables enantioselectivity switching
Authors: Miller Alex H. , Thompson Seán A. , Blagova Elena V. , Wilson Keith S. , Grogan Gideon , Duhme-Klair Anne-K.
Published: April 2024

The cross-linking of redox-reversible artificial metalloenzyme aggregates produces recyclable protein microparticles that enable catalyst replacement and hence catalyst-controlled enantioselectivity switching.
Nanoelectrochemistry monitoring of intracellular reactive oxygen and nitrogen species induced by nanoplastic exposure
Authors: Wu Hui-Qian , Qi Yu-Ting , Guo Bing-Yi , Zhao Yi , Zhang Xin-Wei , Huang Wei-Hua
Published: April 2024

This work achieved the quantitative discrimination, dynamic monitoring and sources exploration of four main ROS/RNS (NO2−, NO, H2O2, ONOO−) within individual alveolar epithelial cells treated by polystyrene nanoplastics using SiC@Pt nanowire electrodes.
Graphene growth via chemical vapour deposition on cross-rolled surface-textured nickel–copper foils
Authors: Maity Palash Chandra , Pulagara Narasimha Vinod , Kumar Mamleshwar , Chaithanya Kumar K. N. , Das Taraknath , Suresh K. S. , Lahiri Indranil
Published: April 2024

The current work correlates the microstructure of multi-step cross-rolled (MSCR) and annealed polycrystalline nickel/copper (Ni/Cu) alloys with the quality of graphene synthesized using chemical vapor deposition (CVD).
Modulation of luminescence properties of cocrystals composed of amino substituted dimethyl phthalates and 1,2,4,5-tetracyanobenzene by crystal engineering
Authors: Zhang Xiaokai , Li Zhonghua , Han Rui , Lin Jiawei , Li Maolin , Zhou Jianmin , Wu Songgu , Gong Junbo
Published: April 2024

Charge transfer cocrystals are synthesized to tune the luminescence properties of organic crystals.
Regulating structural stability and photoelectrical properties of FAPbI3via formamidine cation orientation
Authors: Wang Shuning , Yang Qi , Han Xiuchen , Chen Dongmeng , Liu Bing , Fang Wenjing
Published: April 2024

We analyzed the atomic structure and electronic properties of FAPbI3 with different FA+ cation orientations. FAPbI3 with the orientation of [111] exhibits excellent structural stability and photoelectrical performance.
Mechanism of CO2 in promoting the hydrogenation of levulinic acid to γ-valerolactone catalyzed by RuCl3 in aqueous solution
Authors: Min Han-Yun , Xiong Jin-Shan , Liu Ting-Hao , Fu Shuai , Hu Chang-Wei , Yang Hua-Qing
Published: April 2024

In the hydrogenation of LA to GVL catalyzed by RuCl3 in aqueous solution, CO2 promotes the Ru–OH bond cleavage in [RuOH]2+ owing to its Lewis acidity.
Machine learning predicted inelasticity in defective two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides using SHAP analysis
Authors: Anuragi Ankit , Das Ankit , Baski Akash , Maithani Vinay , Mukherjee Sankha
Published: April 2024

Defects are ubiquitous in the atomically thin limit. Machine learning models, including XGBoost and DenseNet, predict mechanical behavior of defective 2D-TMDCs (stress–strain response), aiding in understanding structure–property relations.
De novo design of potential peptide analogs against the main protease of Omicron variant using in silico studies
Authors: M. L. Stanly Paul , Kumari Sonia , Martinek Tamás A. , M. Elizabeth Sobhia
Published: April 2024

Strategy to target main protease(Mpro) of SARS-CoV-2 and its variants are crossing the immunity barrier by using peptide analogs.
Towards equilibrium molecular conformation generation with GFlowNets
Authors: Volokhova Alexandra , Koziarski Michał , Hernández-García Alex , Liu Cheng-Hao , Miret Santiago , Lemos Pablo , Thiede Luca , Yan Zichao , Aspuru-Guzik Alán , Bengio Yoshua
Published: April 2024

GFlowNets allow for sampling diverse, thermodynamically feasible molecular conformations from the Boltzmann distribution.
Three-dimensional bimodal pore-rich G/MXene sponge amalgamated with vanadium diselenide nanosheets as a high-performance electrode for electrochemical water-oxidation/reduction reactions
Authors: Chaudhary Khadija , Zulfiqar Sonia , ALOthman Zeid A. , Shakir Imran , Warsi Muhammad Farooq , Cochran Eric W.
Published: April 2024

A three-dimensional hierarchical G/MXe sponge integrated with VSe2 sheets as advanced electrode material for water-splitting.
An acid-chromic luminescent lanthanide metallogel for time-dependent information encryption and anti-counterfeiting
Authors: Zhang Binbin , Gan Yu , Liu Chao , He Qiuyu , Chen Jingye , Li Jiaqi , You Yanxiang , Fan Wenxiu , Wang Yujie , Bai Guangyue
Published: April 2024

Building of an acid-chromic luminescent lanthanide metallogel for time-dependent information encryption and anti-counterfeiting.
Multi-year, high-time resolution aerosol chemical composition and mass measurements from Fairbanks, Alaska
Authors: Robinson Ellis S. , Battaglia, Jr Michael , Campbell James R. , Cesler-Maloney Meeta , Simpson William , Mao Jingqiu , Weber Rodney J. , DeCarlo Peter F.
Published: April 2024

Fairbanks-North Star Borough, Alaska (FNSB) regularly experiences some of the worst wintertime air quality in the United States.
On the compatibility of single-cell microcarriers (nanovials) with microfluidic impedance cytometry
Authors: Brandi Cristian , De Ninno Adele , Ruggiero Filippo , Limiti Emanuele , Abbruzzese Franca , Trombetta Marcella , Rainer Alberto , Bisegna Paolo , Caselli Federica
Published: April 2024

We investigate for the first time the compatibility of nanovials with microfluidic impedance cytometry, paving the way for the successful combination of these single-cell technologies.
Enhancing enzymatic activity with nanoparticle display – an updated compendium and engineering outlook
Authors: Hooe Shelby L. , Breger Joyce C. , Medintz Igor L.
Published: April 2024

Schematic depicting enzyme kinetic enhancement when displayed on a nanoparticle surface. We provide a state of the art review of this phenomenon describing what is known about how it arises along with examples grouped by nanomaterials.
Efficient CO2 reduction to CO + CH4 at CuCo@NC cathode integrated with CH3OH oxidation to methylal at Pt anode in an ionic liquid electrolyte
Authors: Li Hongyan , Yang Bairui , Zhang Jiawei , Wang Tianchi , Zhao Jingxiang , Cai Qinghai
Published: April 2024

N-doped carbon encapsulated Cu–CoO (CuCo@NC) exhibits high FE (99.1%) for CO2eRR to CO + CH4, coupled with the anodic oxidation of CH3OH to dimethoxymethane in EmimBF4–methanol electrolyte, partly substituting for OER and hindering competing HER.
Facile synthesis of a CeMnOx catalytic gel with bacterial microenvironment-responsive antibacterial properties
Authors: Wei Zicheng , Niu Zhihui , Xu Huihui , Li Zihao , Wang Peng , Li Chengfeng , Wen Guangwu , Li Xiaowei
Published: April 2024

pH-responsive, H2O2 self-supplying properties and bimetallic synergistic effects enhance the catalytic antibacterial properties of the CeMnOx hydrogel.
Stepwise synthesis of heterotrimetallic FeII/PdII/AuI coordination cages
Authors: Eren Noga , Fadaei-Tirani Farzaneh , Severin Kay
Published: April 2024

Heterotrimetallic molecular cages were obtained by linking FeII clathrochelate complexes, AuI3(pyrazolate)3 complexes, and [PdII(pyridine)4]2+ complexes.
Mechanistic explanation and influence of molecular structure on chemical degradation and toxicity reduction by hydroxyl radicals
Authors: Lee You-Yi , Cheng Hao-Chien , Fan Chihhao
Published: April 2024

The study elucidated environmental toxicity impact along with mechanistic degradation of organic emerging contaminants with different aromaticity and aliphaticity.
Synthesis, characterization, and inhibition effects of a novel eugenol derivative bearing pyrrole functionalities on the corrosion of mild steel in a HCl acid solution
Authors: Rebbah Bahija , El Haib Abderrahim , Lahmady Sara , Forsal Issam , Gouygou Maryse , Mallet-ladeira Sonia , Medaghri-alaoui Abdelouahid , Rakib El Mostapha , Hannioui Abdellah
Published: April 2024

In this work, eugenol was synthetically modified to generate a novel heterocyclic compound. Its structure was characterized by NMR, IR, and X-ray diffraction. The findings of the electrochemical study corroborated these results.
Spectroscopic characterization of europium binding to a calmodulin-EF4 hand peptide–polymer conjugate
Authors: Marlina Dini , Müllers Yannic , Glebe Ulrich , Kumke Michael U.
Published: April 2024

A fundamental step in the development of peptide–polymer composites for novel lanthanide isolation modules using calmodulin-EF4 peptide as a binding motif for biological-motivated materials is presented.
Characterization and antitumor effect of doxorubicin-loaded Fe3O4–Au nanocomposite synthesized by electron beam evaporation for magnetic nanotheranostics
Authors: Orel Valerii B. , Kurapov Yurii A. , Lytvyn Stanislav Ye. , Orel Valerii E. , Galkin Olexander Yu. , Dasyukevich Olga Yo. , Rykhalskyi Oleksandr Yu. , Diedkov Anatolii G. , Ostafiichuk Vasyl V. , Lyalkin Sergii A. , Burlaka Anatoliy P. , Virko Sergii V. , Skoryk Mykola A. , Zagorodnii Viacheslav V. , Stelmakh Yaroslav A. , Didikin Gennadii G. , Oranska Olena I. , Calcagnile Lucio , Manno Daniela E. , Rinaldi Rosaria , Nedostup Yana V.
Published: April 2024

Magnetic nanocomposite prepared by electron beam physical vapor deposition and magneto-mechanochemical synthesis improves antitumor effect and visualization in cancer nanotheranostics.
Nanoscale strides: exploring innovative therapies for breast cancer treatment
Authors: Mugundhan Sruthi Laakshmi , Mohan Mothilal
Published: April 2024

Nanotechnology revolutionizes breast cancer treatment by improving drug delivery, overcoming barriers, and reducing side effects. This review highlights its potential and superiority over conventional methods, transforming breast cancer management.
Correction: Antimicrobial peptide-modified silver nanoparticles for enhancing the antibacterial efficacy
Authors: Li Wenxi , Li Yongchun , Sun Pengchao , Zhang Nan , Zhao Yidan , Qin Shangshang , Zhao Yongxing
Published: April 2024

Correction for ‘Antimicrobial peptide-modified silver nanoparticles for enhancing the antibacterial efficacy’ by Wenxi Li et al., RSC Adv., 2020, 10, 38746–38754, https://doi.org/10.1039/D0RA05640E.
Retraction: Salidroside enhances the anti-cancerous effect of imatinib on human acute monocytic leukemia via the induction of autophagy-related apoptosis through AMPK activation
Authors: Ge Chiyu , Zhang Junli , Feng Feng
Published: April 2024

Retraction of ‘Salidroside enhances the anti-cancerous effect of imatinib on human acute monocytic leukemia via the induction of autophagy-related apoptosis through AMPK activation’ by Chiyu Ge et al., RSC Adv., 2019, 9, 25022–25033, https://doi.org/10.1039/C9RA01683J.
One step conversion of bio-based magnolol into low k materials at high frequency
Authors: Yang Zhuoyi , Sun Jing , Fang Qiang
Published: April 2024

A facile conversion of a bio-based magnolol gave a functional monomer that was polymerized to form a resin, displaying high thermostability and good dimensional stability, as well as exhibiting good dielectric properties at a high frequency of 10 GHz.
Synergetic effects on the capture and release of CO2 using guanidine and amidine superbases
Authors: Elliott Todd , Charbonneau Luc , Gazagnaire Eva , Kilpeläinen Ilkka , Kótai Bianka , Laczkó Gergely , Pápai Imre , Repo Timo
Published: April 2024

The careful selection of solvents is pivotal in determining whether the process involving CO2 is reversible or irreversible.
Exploring zinc oxide morphologies for aqueous solar cells by a photoelectrochemical, computational, and multivariate approach
Authors: Maruccia Elisa , Galliano Simone , Schiavo Eduardo , Garino Nadia , Segura Zarate Ana Y. , Muñoz-García Ana B. , Pavone Michele , Gerbaldi Claudio , Barolo Claudia , Cauda Valentina , Bella Federico
Published: April 2024

Unveiling structure-performance relationship for different ZnO-based electrodes used for aqueous dye-sensitized solar cell.
Validation of GCN5L1/BLOC1S1/BLOS1 antibodies using knockout cells and tissue
Authors: Bugga Paramesha , Stoner Michael W. , Manning Janet R. , Mushala Bellina A.S. , Bhattarai Nisha , Sharifi-Sanjani Maryam , Webster Bradley R. , Thapa Dharendra , Scott Iain
Published: April 2024

GCN5L1, also known as BLOC1S1 and BLOS1, is a small intracellular protein involved in many key biological processes. Over the last decade, GCN5L1 has been implicated in the regulation of protein lysine acetylation, energy metabolism, endo-lysosomal function, and cellular immune pathways. An increasing number of published papers have used commercially-available reagents to interrogate GCN5L1 function. However, in many cases these reagents have not been rigorously validated, leading to potentially misleading results. In this report we tested several commercially-available antibodies for GCN5L1, and found that two-thirds of those available did not unambiguously detect the protein by western blot in cultured mouse cells or ex vivo liver tissue. These data suggest that previously published studies which used these unverified antibodies to measure GCN5L1 protein abundance, in the absence of other independent methods of corroboration, should be interpreted with appropriate caution.
A Retrospective Study of Acoustic Measures of Glottal Stop Production to Assess Vocal Function in Unilateral Vocal Fold Paresis/Paralysis Patients
Authors: Stager Sheila , Maryn Youri
Published: April 2024

Purpose:

The aim of this study was to determine (a) diagnostic accuracy of acoustic measures of glottal stop production (GSP; intensity differences, slopes, complete voicing cessation) to distinguish between unilateral vocal fold paresis/paralysis (UVFP) patients and controls; (b) if acoustic measures of GSP significantly correlated with an acoustic measure of voice disorder severity, acoustic voice quality index (AVQI); and (c) if acoustic measures from another type of voicing cessation, voiceless consonant production, also significantly differed between groups.

Method:

Ninety-seven patients with unilateral paresis/paralysis and 35 controls with normal laryngostroboscopic signs produced two sets of five repeated [i] and four repeated [isi]. Tokens were randomized by type between groups and analyzed blinded using a customized Praat program that computed intensity differences and slopes between vowel maxima and glottal stop minima for inter-[i] tokens and vowel maxima and voiceless consonant minima for intra-[isi] tokens. The number of voicing cessations for inter-[i] tokens was obtained.

Results:

Onset and offset intensity differences and number of voicing cessations from inter-[i] tokens had the greatest areas under the curve (.854, .856, and .835, respectively). Correlation coefficients were significant (
p
< .01) between AVQI and all GSP acoustic measures with weak/medium effect sizes. No significant differences were found between controls and participants with UVFP for acoustic measures from intra-[isi].

Conclusions:

Acoustic GSP measures demonstrated good diagnostic accuracy and some relationship to severity of voice disorder. No significant differences in acoustic measures for medial voiceless fricative consonants between controls and participants with UVFP suggested that voicing cessation for voiceless fricatives differs from voicing cessation for GSP.
Spatiotemporal energy‐density distribution of time‐reversed electromagnetic fields
Authors: Le Boudec Elias , Karami Hamidreza , Mora Nicolas , Rachidi Farhad , Rubinstein Marcos , Vega Felix
Published: April 2024

Time reversal exploits the invariance of electromagnetic wave propagation in reciprocal and lossless media to localize radiating sources. Time‐reversed measurements are back‐propagated in a simulated domain and converge to the unknown source location. The focusing time (i.e. the simulation instant at which the fields converge to the source location) and the source location can be identified using field maxima, entropy, time kurtosis, and space kurtosis. This paper analyses the spatial energy‐density distribution of time‐reversed electromagnetic fields by introducing a convergence metric based on the spatial average and variance of the energy density. It is analytically proven that the proposed metric identifies the focusing time and the source location, with direct links to the source frequency content. The analytical results are verified in a free‐space numerical simulation and the proposed metric is then compared to existing ones in a simulated inhomogeneous medium. Next, this metric is applied and compared in an experimental case study to localize electromagnetic interference sources. The proposed metric outperforms existing ones to identify the focusing time and can also be used to locate the source. Finally, because of its tensorial nature, it can handle anisotropic media, opening the door to quantitative analyses of time‐reversal focusing in metamaterials.
Archives of Photographic PLates for Astronomical USE (APPLAUSE)
Authors: Enke Harry , Tuvikene Taavi , Groote Detlef , Edelmann Heinz , Heber Ulrich
Published: April 2024

Aims. The Archives of Photographic PLates for Astronomical USE (APPLAUSE) project is aimed at digitising astronomical photographic plates from three major German plate collections, making them accessible through integration into the International Virtual Observatory (IVO).

Methods. Photographic plates and related materials (logbooks, envelopes, etc.) were scanned with commercial flatbed scanners. Astrometric and photometric calibrations were carried out with the developed PyPlate software, using Gaίa EDR3 data as a reference. The APPLAUSE data publication complies with IVO standards.

Results. The latest data release contains images and metadata from 27 plate collections from the partner institutes in Hamburg, Bamberg, and Potsdam, along with digitised archives provided by Tautenburg, Tartu, and Vatican observatories. Altogether, over two billion calibrated measurements extracted from about 70 000 direct photographic plates can readily be used to create long-term light curves. For instance, we constructed the historic light curve of the enigmatic dipping star KIC 8462852. We found no evidence of previously assumed variations on timescales of decades in our light curve. Potential uses of APPLAUSE images for transient sources can be appreciated by following the development of the nova shell of GK Per (1901) over time and the change in brightness of two extragalactic supernovae. The database holds about 10 000 spectral plates. We made use of objective prism plates to follow the temporal changes of Nova DN Gem through 1912 and 1913, highlighting an outburst in early 1913.
Magnetic flux eruptions at the root of time lags in low-luminosity active galactic nuclei
Authors: Vos Jesse , Davelaar Jordy , Olivares Hector , Brinkerink Christiaan , Falcke Heino
Published: April 2024

Context. Sagittarius A* is a compact radio source at the center of the Milky Way that has not conclusively shown evidence to support the presence of a relativistic jet. Nevertheless, indirect methods at radio frequencies do indicate consistent outflow signatures.

Aims. Temporal shifts between features in frequency bands are known as time lags, associated with flares or outflows of the accretion system. It is possible to gain information on the emission and outflow mechanics by interpreting these time lags.

Methods. By means of a combined general-relativistic magnetrohydrodynamical and radiative transfer modeling approach, we studied the origin of the time lags for magnetically arrested disk models with three black hole spins (a* ∈ { − 0.9375, 0, 0.9375}). We exclusively modeled the emission from the source across a frequency range of ν = 19 − 47 GHz. Our study also includes a targeted “slow light” investigation for one of the best-fitting “fast light” windows.

Results. We were able to recover the observational time lag relations in various windows of our simulated light curves. The theoretical interpretation of these most promising time lag windows is threefold: i) a magnetic flux eruption perturbs the jet-disk boundary and creates a flux tube; ii) the flux tube orbits and creates a clear emission feature; and iii) the flux tube interacts with the jet-disk boundary. The best-fitting windows have an intermediate (i = 30°/50°) inclination and zero black hole spin. The targeted slow light study did not produce better-fitting time lag results, which indicates that the fast versus slow light paradigm is often not intuitively understood and is likely to be influential in timing-sensitive black hole accretion studies.

Conclusions. While previous studies have sought to interpret time lag properties with spherical or jetted expansion models, we show that this picture is too simplistic. Sophisticated general-relativistic magnetrohydrodynamical models consistently capture the observational time lag behavior, which is rooted in the complex dynamic interplay between the flux tube and coupled disk-jet system.
Characterizations of the solution set of nonsmooth semi-infinite programming problems on Hadamard manifolds
Authors: Upadhyay Balendu Bhooshan , Sain Shivani
Published: April 2024

This article is concerned with a class of nonsmooth semi-infinite programming problems on Hadamard manifolds (abbreviated as, (NSIP)). We introduce the Guignard constraint qualification (abbreviated as, (GCQ)) for (NSIP). Subsequently, by employing (GCQ), we establish the Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (abbreviated as, KKT) type necessary optimality conditions for (NSIP). Further, we derive that the Lagrangian function associated with a fixed Lagrange multiplier, corresponding to a known solution, remains constant on the solution set of (NSIP) under geodesic pseudoconvexity assumptions. Moreover, we derive certain characterizations of the solution set of the considered problem (NSIP) in the framework of Hadamard manifolds. We provide illustrative examples that highlight the importance of our established results. To the best of our knowledge, characterizations of the solution set of (NSIP) using Clarke subdifferentials on Hadamard manifolds have not been investigated before.
Static program analysis for IoT risk mitigation in space-air-ground integrated networks
Authors: Deng Haotian , Liu Tao , Ma Xiaochen , Wang Weijie , Zhang Chuan , Wu Huishu , Zhu Liehuang
Published: April 2024

The space-air-ground integrated networks (SAGINs) are pivotal for modern communication and surveillance, with a growing number of connected devices. The proliferation of IoT devices within these networks introduces new risks due to potential erroneous synergistic interactions that could compromise system integrity and security. This paper addresses the challenges in coordination, synchronization, and security within SAGINs by introducing a novel static program analysis (SPA) technique using zero-knowledge (ZK) proofs. This approach ensures the detection of risky interactions without compromising sensitive source code, thus safeguarding intellectual property and privacy. The proposed method overcomes the incompatibility between SPA and ZK systems by developing an imperative programming language for SAGINs and a specialized abstract domain for interaction threats. The system translates network control algorithms into arithmetic circuits suitable for ZK analysis, maintaining high accuracy in detecting risks. Evaluations of real-world scenarios demonstrate the system’s efficacy in identifying risky interactions with minimal computational overhead. This research presents the first ZK-based SPA scheme for SAGINs, enhancing security and confidentiality in network analysis while adhering to privacy regulations.
Ligand-Promoted Palladium-Catalyzed β-C(sp3)–H Arylation of Ketones Using Acetohydrazide as a Transient Directing Group
Authors: Jia Kai , Wang Junjie , Jiang Chao , Wang Xuan
Published: April 2024

A palladium-catalyzed β-C(sp3)–H arylation of aliphatic ketones by using acetohydrazide as a transient directing group has been developed. The reaction proceeds through a less-favored [5,5]-bicyclic palladacycle intermediate and is promoted by a pyridine ligand.
Thrombin Generation Profile Using ST-Genesia after PEG-asparaginase in Pediatric Patients with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Authors: Ruiz-Llobet Anna , Gassiot Susanna , Sarrate Edurne , Zubicaray Josune , Rives Susana , Suleman Warda , Berrueco Rubén
Published: April 2024

Background Venous thromboembolism (VTE) etiology in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is multifactorial. The use of global assays of hemostasis as a thrombin generation test (TGT) is useful to individualize VTE risk in adult patients. This prospective cohort study aimed to evaluate the usefulness of an automated TGT to evaluate VTE risk during ALL treatment in children.

Methods TGT (automated analyzer ST Genesia; ThromboScreen) and pro- and anticoagulant plasma proteins were analyzed during ALL treatment in pediatric patients following LAL-SEHOP-PETHEMA-2013 guidelines. Results were compared with a series of pediatric normal controls and evaluated according to pegylated asparaginase PEG-ASP administration and to VTE risk factors.

Results The study included 67 patients: males n = 35, B-ALL (n = 60). None had a VTE during the evaluated period. Compared to healthy controls, the normalized endogenous thrombin potential (N-ETP) ratio in patients was higher and ETP inhibition (ETP-inh) was lower, especially after PEG-ASP administration. Plasmatic protein C and protein S levels decreased after PEG-ASP administration, but antithrombin mean level did not. A bivariant analysis showed that ETP-inh was lower in patients >10 years old (p = 0.05) and in those with non-O blood type (p = 0.005). A linear mixed model also showed a higher TGT prothrombotic profile in patients with inherited thrombophilia.

Conclusion TGT could be a biomarker of a high VTE risk in ALL pediatric patients. Non-O blood group and inherited thrombophilia were associated with a significantly higher thrombotic profile, and an increased profile was also observed after administration of PEG-ASP.
Traction-assisted endoscopic submucosal dissection for resection of ileocecal valve neoplasia: a French retrospective multicenter case series
Authors: Yzet Clara , Wallenhorst Timothée , Jacques Jérémie , Figueiredo Ferreira Mariana , Rivory Jérôme , Rostain Florian , Masgnaux Louis-Jean , Grimaldi Jean , Legros Romain , Lafeuille Pierre , Albouys Jérémie , Subtil Fabien , Schaefer Marion , Pioche Mathieu
Published: April 2024

Background The ileocecal valve (ICV) is considered to be one of the most difficult locations for endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD). The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of traction-assisted ESD in this situation.

Methods All patients who underwent traction-assisted ESD for an ICV lesion at three centers were identified from a prospective ESD database. En bloc and R0 rates were evaluated. Factors associated with non-R0 resection were explored.

Results 106 patients with an ICV lesion were included. The median lesion size was 50 mm (interquartile range 38–60) and 58.5% (62/106) invaded the terminal ileum. The en bloc and R0 resection rates were 94.3% and 76.4%, respectively. Factors associated with non-R0 resection were lesions covering ≥75% of the ICV (odds ratio [OR] 0.21. 95%CI 0.06–0.76; P=0.02), and involving the anal lip (OR 0.36, 95%CI 0.13–0.99; P=0.04) or more than two sites on the ICV (OR 0.27, 95%CI 0.07–0.99; P=0.03).

Conclusion Traction-assisted ESD for treatment of ICV lesions was a safe and feasible option. Large lesions and anal lip involvement appeared to be factors predictive of difficulty.
Metal-Free Synthesis of C-3-Alkoxycarbonylated 2H-Indazoles Using Alkyl Carbazates
Authors: Hajra Alakananda , Lai Dipti , Bhattacharjee Suvam , Ghosh Sumit , Sinha Subrata
Published: April 2024

A simple, efficient, and environmentally benign method for the direct C-3-alkoxycarbonylation of 2H-indazoles using alkyl carbazates has been developed under metal-free conditions at room temperature. This current protocol represents a facile access to C-3-carboxylic ester derived 2H-indazoles with wide functional group tolerance in good to excellent yields. The mechanistic studies suggest that the reaction proceeds through a radical pathway.
Bigger Calves from Doing Higher Resistance Training
Volume?
Authors: Kassiano Witalo , Costa Bruna Daniella de Vasconcelos , Kunevaliki Gabriel , Lisboa Felipe , Tricoli Ian , Francsuel Jarlisson , Lima Luis , Stavinski Natã , Cyrino Edilson S.
Published: April 2024

We compared the effects of different weekly calf training sets on muscle size
changes. Sixty-one untrained young women performed a calf training program for 6
weeks, 3 d·wk–1, with differences in resistance training volume. The
participants were randomly assigned to one of the three groups: 6-SET, 9-SET,
and 12-SET weekly calf training sets. The calf raise exercise was performed in
sets of 15–20 repetitions maximum. The muscle thickness measurements of medial
gastrocnemius (MG), lateral gastrocnemius (LG), and soleus (SOL) were taken via
B-mode ultrasound. We used the sum of the three-muscle thickness as a proxy for
the triceps surae (TSSUM). The 12-SET group elicited greater
increases than the 6-SET in LG (6-SET=+ 8.1% vs. 12-SET=+ 14.3%;
P=0.017), SOL (6-SET=+ 6.7% vs. 12-SET=+ 12.7%; P=0.024), and
TSSUM (6-SET=+ 6.9% vs. 12-SET=+ 12.0%; P=0.005), but
there was no significant difference in MG changes (6-SET=+ 6.6% vs.
12-SET=+ 9.9%; P=0.067). There were no significant differences when
comparing 9-SET vs. 6-SET and 12-SET (P≥0.099). Although all groups
experienced calf muscle hypertrophy, our results suggest that the higher dose
range may optimize triceps surae muscle size gains.
Synthesis of a Potential Precursor (Northern Fragment) for the Cyclic Depsipeptides Vioprolides A and C
Authors: Bach Thorsten , Reineke Noé Osorio , Grab Hanusch A.
Published: April 2024

The synthesis of a potential northern fragment for the cyclic depsipeptides vioprolide A and vioprolide C is accomplished. The prepared compound is a pentapeptide and displays the non-canonical amino acid dehydrobutyrine (Dhb) at its C-terminal end. The central position is taken by another non-canonical amino acid, (2S,4R)-4-methylazetidine carboxylic acid (Maz). A route to enantiopure N-Boc-protected Maz (N-Boc-Maz) is developed from l-pyroglutamic acid, and this building block is taken into thiopeptide formation at its C-terminal end by successively coupling serine and threonine fragments. The C-terminal threonine is dehydrated to Dhb before attaching a d-Leu-Ala dipeptide to the N-terminal site of Maz. Several intermediates are directly telescoped into the next reaction step. Starting from N-Boc-Maz, the assembly of the pentapeptide is complete in eight steps with an overall yield of 16%.
Interventional Radiology Training in Singapore
Authors: Chua Jasmine Ming Er , Tay Kiang Hiong , Toh Luke Han Wei
Published: April 2024

This short review chronicles the training process of interventional radiologists in Singapore over the decades since the introduction of angiography as a technique back in the 1950s to the current state today.
Percutaneous Biliary Endoscopy: History, Indications, Techniques, and Outcomes
Authors: Naganatanahalli Manisha , Desai Deven , Levitin Abraham , Partovi Sasan , Guan Justin
Published: April 2024

Percutaneous biliary endoscopy (PBE), also known as cholangioscopy, represents a significant advancement in the field of interventional radiology. This technique offers a minimally invasive alternative to traditional surgery or peroral approaches for a range of biliary diseases, including stone clearance, biliary stricture/mass evaluation, and biopsies, making it particularly valuable in the management of complex biliary pathologies. It is especially significant for patients with anatomical variations or high surgical risk, where traditional approaches like endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, or surgical options, are not feasible. This article delves into the evolution, indications, technical nuances, and clinical outcomes of PBE, integrating comprehensive data from extensive research.
Minimally Invasive Management of Complicated and Re-operative Crohn's Disease
Authors: Kinford Conor , Poylin Vitaliy
Published: April 2024

Minimally invasive techniques for the surgical management of Crohn's disease have become the recommended approach for initial surgical intervention in noncomplicated patients as there is lower morbidity for patients without compromising treatment outcomes. There has been a push to expand minimally invasive approaches to complex and recurrent diseases, trying to benefit these difficult patients. However, until recently there have been little data to support the adoption of minimally invasive surgery (MIS) in these scenarios. This article aims to build on the 2019 Clinics in Colon and Rectal Surgery article on complex Crohn's and MIS by introducing new data in support of these approaches. Decisions for technique should be based on patient characteristics, but minimally invasive techniques have emerged as valid and possibly superior for complex and recurrent disease.
Neuroprotective Potential of Hygrophila auriculata Targeting Oxidative Stress-Mediated Deficits in Streptozotocin-Induced Sciatic Nerve Injury
Authors: Jadhav Vishal B. , Vaghela Jai Singh
Published: April 2024

Objective Diabetic neuropathy, a microvascular complication of diabetes, affects 50% of individuals. Addressing this challenge is challenging due to its poorly understood origin and existing therapeutic approaches. This study used a methanolic extract from Hygrophila auriculata (MEHA) to treat oxidative stress-induced sciatic nerve injury in diabetic rats.

Materials and Methods A study was conducted to assess the nociceptive reflex after a single streptozotocin (STZ) (45 mg/kg intraperitoneal.) injection. The rats were divided into six groups (n = 6 rats per group). Group I nondiabetic (ND) rats received oral gavage of 1% carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC). The diabetic rats in groups II to VI were given 1% CMC, 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg of MEHA, and 180 mg/kg of metformin (MET). The freshly prepared 1% (w/v) CMC suspension of both MEHA and MET was administered over a 4-week period, commencing from the 28th day through the 56th day post-STZ injection. The impact of STZ-induced sciatic nerve injury was analyzed through the estimation of serum glucose and glycohemoglobin levels, paw withdrawal and tail-flick latencies, oxidative stress markers, and neural histoarchitecture.

Results Diabetic (STZ) control group II showed significantly altered serum glucose and glycohemoglobin levels, a reduced paw withdrawal threshold, and reduced paw withdrawal and tail-flick latencies in contrast to ND group I. Furthermore, increased oxidative stress in the sciatic nerve correlates with a reduced nociceptive threshold and disrupted neural histoarchitecture in diabetic rats. These behavioral, biochemical, and molecular changes were markedly and dose-dependently reduced by MEHA and MET treatments.

Conclusion The antioxidant efficacy of MEHA modulated oxidative stress in STZ-sensitized diabetic rats and corrected neuropathic pain by attenuating hyperglycemia.
Social participation and its gender differences among ethnic minority elders after poverty alleviation relocation (Linxia, China)
Authors: Zhang Ziyao , Feng Lin
Published: April 2024

The implementation of the poverty alleviation relocation policy in northwestern minority areas of China has had a significant impact on the production and living spaces of residents. Our investigation and research have shown that the social participation of ethnic minorities is influenced not only by their social and cultural norms but also to a large extent by public policies. China’s policy of relocating people to alleviate poverty has indirectly affected the social participation of elderly ethnic minorities through the relocation of households and the reconstruction of community living spaces and infrastructure. On the one hand, the family production of elders has decreased significantly, while the number of elders participating in housework and leisure activities has increased. On the other hand, although the relocation has accelerated the modernization process in ethnic minority areas, the market work of elders who aged over 50 has not increased much to compensating the job losses. As a result, the overall productivity of the elderly has declined, and their social participation has weakened. Elderly men have been more affected by social changes than elderly women and have borne more adaptation pressures. There are significant differences in leisure activities between elderly men and women. Ethnic and religious activities have remained largely unchanged, while social activities are insufficient and may not promote good health. It is important to encourage elderly individuals, particularly men, to acquire marketable skills and assist them in finding employment. Additionally, promoting social activities for elder individuals can help create a more harmonious community.
Global exterior stability of the Minkowski space: Coupled Einstein–Yang–Mills perturbations
Authors: Mondal Puskar , Yau Shing-Tung
Published: April 2024

Here we prove a global gauge-invariant radiation estimates for the perturbations of the 3 + 1 dimensional Minkowski spacetime in the presence of Yang–Mills sources. In particular, we obtain a novel gauge invariant estimate for the Yang–Mills fields coupled to gravity in a double null framework in the Causal complement of a compact set of a Cauchy slice. A consequence of our result is the global exterior stability of the Minkowski space under coupled Yang–Mills perturbations. A special structure present both in the null Bianchi equations and the null Yang–Mills equations is utilized crucially to obtain the dispersive estimates necessary to conclude the global existence property. Direct use of Bel-Robinson and Yang–Mills stress-energy tensor to obtain the energy estimates is avoided in favor of weighted integration by parts taking advantage of the manifestly symmetric hyperbolic characteristics of null Bianchi and null Yang–Mills equations. Our result holds for any compact semi-simple gauge group. This is the first stability result of Minkowski space including a non-linear source.
Advancement of Langmuir probe-based laser photo-detachment technique for negative ion density measurement in a high-power helicon plasma source
Authors: Mukhopadhyay D. , Bandyopadhyay M. , Tyagi H. , Patel K.
Published: April 2024

In the pursuit of precise diagnostics for measuring negative ion density in a helicon plasma source (HPS), a new approach utilizing a radio frequency (RF) broadband transformer-based Langmuir probe is developed specifically for laser photo-detachment (LPD) analysis. This inductively coupled LPD technique is useful for high power RF systems in which capacitive RF noise is in the same scale as the pulsed photo-detachment signal. The signal acquired by this transformer-based probe is compared against the conventional Langmuir probe-based LPD technique, revealing a remarkable enhancement in signal fidelity through an improved signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) achieved by the RF broadband transformer methodology. In addition, the localized hydrogen negative ion density measurements obtained through this probe are harmoniously aligned with the line-averaged negative ion density derived from the cavity ringdown spectroscopy (CRDS) technique. These concurrence measurements highlight the RF broadband transformer-based approach’s accuracy in capturing localized negative ion density during helicon mode operation in an HPS setup. Furthermore, the correlation of negative ion density values with RF input exhibits a consistent trend in tandem with background plasma density. Notably, both CRDS and LPD measurements ascertain negative ion densities ranging from ∼5 to 6×1016 m−3 under an RF power of 500–700 W and a pressure of 8 × 10−3 mbar, all under the influence of a 55 G axial magnetic field. These specific parameters represent the optimal operational configuration for effective negative ion production with the present experimental HPS setup. Due to its better SNR, the RF broadband transformer-based Langmuir probe emerges as a useful tool for LPD diagnostics, particularly in the presence of pervasive RF noise.