bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Intercropping of Medicinal and Spice crops under different Agroforestry tree species in Punjab
Authors: Kaur Navneet , Singh Baljit , Gill R.I.
Published: March 2022

Performance of five medicinal and spice crops viz. Fenugreek, Fennel, Celery and Dillseed was investigated as sole crops and as intercrops with block plantations of Poplar, Dek, Toon, Gmelina, Maharukh and Eucalypt spaced at 6 x 3.5 m at the age of two and three years during 2006-2007 and 2007-2008, respectively in the Research Farm of Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab. Eucalypt trees recorded the maximum height, whereas the mean gain in DBH was maximum in Maharukh. Crown spread was more of Dek than rest of the tree species after three years of tree growth. All the crops performed better as sole crops than intercrops. Increase in age of trees from two to three years resulted in significant decline in growth and yield contributing characters like plant height, number of primary branches, umbels and umbellets per plant in Fennel, Celery, Dillseed, and number of pods, seeds/pod and pod length of Fenugreek crop. The seed yield of Fenugreek and Fennel was higher under Gmelina, whereas Dillseed recorded highest yield under Poplar trees during both the years. The production of Celery was higher under Poplar and Toon at the age of two and three years, respectively. All the crops recorded the highest reduction in seed yield when grown with Eucalypt than other trees during 3rd year of tree growth. Celery gave the highest returns followed by Fennel and Dillseed in second year of tree growth, while Dillseed, Fenugreek and Fennel remained more remunerative in the subsequent year.
Timberline Forest Extensions (TFES): An Additional Microhabitat for Medicinal Plants
Authors: Bijalwan Rashmi , Purohit Monika , Joshi S.P.
Published: March 2022

The present paper reports fifteen medicinal plant species belonging to twelve families from the Timberline Forest Extensions (TFEs) in Dayyara meadow which is located in district Uttarkashi of Garhwal Himalaya at an elevation ranging between 3308 m and 4200 m. Timberline Forest Extensions (TFEs) are dense small patches of typical timberline woody species which serve as refuge habitat for commercially exploited and vulnerable medicinal plants. The deformed architecture of the woody species in these TFEs further supports the growth of herbs by sheltering them from various biotic and natural stresses.
Augmented Reality in Arthroplasty: An Overview of Clinical Applications, Benefits, and Limitations
Authors: Tanzer Michael , Laverdière Carl , Barimani Bardia , Hart Adam
Published: March 2022

Augmented reality (AR) is a natural extension of computer-assisted surgery whereby a computer-generated image is superimposed on the surgeon's field of vision to assist in the planning and execution of the procedure. This emerging technology shows great potential in the field of arthroplasty, improving efficiency, limb alignment, and implant position. AR has shown the capacity to build on computer navigation systems while providing more elaborate information in a streamlined workflow to the user. This review investigates the current uses of AR in the field of arthroplasty and discusses outcomes, limitations, and potential future directions.
Upaya Meningkatkan Prestasi Belajar Siswa SMA melalui Model Pembelajaran Picture And Picture
Authors: M.Amin M.Amin
Published: March 2022

Penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa, hal ini dilatarbelakangi oleh belum tuntasnya hasil belajar siswa ini di sebabkan karna tidak sesuainya strategi pembelajaran yang di gunakan. Berdasarkan teori belajar sejarah, untuk memecahkan masalah tersebut maka peneliti mencoba menerapkan dengan menggunakan Model  Picture and Picture Berbasis Microsoft Power Point dalam proses pembelajaran. Adapun tujuan penelitian ini yaitu Untuk meningkatkan prestasi belajar siswa yang belajar dengan model picture and picture berbasis Microsoft PowerPoin pada mata pembelajaran Sejarah, dari hasil pengolahan data penelitian, diperoleh persentase ketuntasan belajar pada Siklus I sebesar 83,87 %, pada Siklus II sebesar 87,10 % dari situ dilihat peningkatan dari masing-masing siklus I sampai siklus II  sebesar 3,23%. Hasil ini menunjukkan adanya peningkatan pada siklus I kesiklus II. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa dengan penerapan model picture and picture berbasis Microsoft Power Point dapat meningkatkan prestasi belajar siswa kelas X5 SMA Negeri I Manggelewa Tahun Pembelajaran 2021/2022.
Evaluasi Kepercayaan Mahasiswa terhadap STIE Yapis Dompu menggunakan Structural Equation Modeling
Authors: Suhaety Yeye
Published: March 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh reputasi perguruan tinggi dan kualitas layanan terhadap kepercayaan mahasiswa STIE Yapis Dompu yang akan berdampak pada keputusan memilih perguruan tinggi tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan jumlah responden sebanyak 140 yang ditentukan dengan tehnik simple random sampling. Data dikumpulkan dengan kuesioner dan diolah secara statistik menggunakan Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) melalui program AMOS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh positif dan signifikan dari variabel reputasi perguruan tinggi STIE Yapis Dompu terhadap kepercayaan mahasiswa (nilai CR 4,952 > 1,96; P = 0,000 < 0.05). Variabel kepercayaan juga memiliki pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap keputusan mahasiswa memilih perguruan tinggi STIE Yapis Dompu (nilai CR = 6,440 > 1,96; P = 0,000 < 0,05). Adapun variabel kualitas layanan, dalam penelitian ini memberikan pengaruh positif secara langsung yang lebih kecil terhadap kepercayaan mahasiswa (CR = 2,461 > 1,96; P = 0,014 < 0,05) apabila dibandingkan dengan pengaruh reputasi perguruan tinggi STIE Yapis Dompu.
The Mediating Role of Psychological Empowerment on the Relationship between Innovative Work Behavior and Transformational Leadership: A Research for Food and Beverage Employees of 5 Star Hotel Workes in Antalya
Authors: ARSLAN Filiz
Published: March 2022

In today's changing consumer demands and increasing quality expectations increase the importance of innovative work behavior. Innovative work behaviors of employees are affected by many factors. The aim of this study is to examine the effect of transformational leader on innovative work behavior and mediating role of psychological empowerment. The research was carried out with survey method on 700 employees who work in food and beverage departments of five stars hotel establishments operating in Antalya. As a result of the study, it was found that transformational leader had an effect on innovative work behaviors and psychological empowerment had a mediating role in this interaction.
Электродный материал для суперконденсаторов на основе продуктов твердофазного пиролиза металл-фталоцианинов
Authors: Гюласарян А. Т. , Азизбекян Г. Г. , Сисакян Н. С. , Чиалингарян Г. Н. , Грапов Д. В. , Кукуть Ю. М. , Шароян Э. Г. , Манукян А. С.
Published: March 2022

Путем твердофазного пиролиза фталоцианина никеля (NiC32N8H16) и фталоцианина кобальта (CoC32N8H16) получены нанокомпозиты Ni@C в графитоподобной углеродной матрице и наночастицы кобальта в углеродных нанотрубках. Концентрации металла в углеродной матрице в обеих случаях и в Ni/C и в Co/C одинаковы – 12 вес%. Структура и морфология полученных образцов исследованы методами сканирующей и просвечивающей электронной микроскопии высокого разрешения и рентгеновской дифракции. Исследованы емкостные и резистивные характеристики полученных соединений Ni/C и Co/C в качестве электродного материала для суперконденсаторов (СК). Удельные ёмкости изме-ренные методом циклической вольтамперометрии равны 12 Ф/г и 8 Ф/г для образцов Ni/C и Co/C, соответственно. Синтезированные соединения могут стать перспективным электродным материалом для суперконденсаторов с электролитным раствором H2SO4.
Intersections of Memory, Politics, and Identity in Reading Lolita in Tehran
Authors: Batool Syeda Farwa
Published: March 2022

This research analyses the role of cultural memory in (re)shaping identities in the memoir of Azar Nafisi's Reading Lolita in Tehran: A Memoir in Books (2003) to expose the hegemonic construct that silences and devalues women in society. The theoretical framework used for this research is drawn from New Historicism and Assman's Cultural Memory Theory. It explores how politics and religion eliminates one's private life. Women become instrumentalized as passive objects, living an act of meaningless existence under the gaze of the Blind Censor. Her work highlights the need to dismantle the political agenda that takes away one's identity. By recalling her experiences as a teacher, she foregrounds the stories of her girls to (re)invent a new meaning at the backdrop of the Islamic Regime. The author recounts memories of the past to fill the void left behind by the Iranian Revolution. By embodying the works of literature in her memoir, she forms a counter-reality, one, where memory acts as an escape from the strict policies and repression of women under the Islamic regime. It also observes how veiling had become a way of stripping away the individuality andpersonality of women. The research illuminates the author's aim to remember and expose the dehumanizing impact of the Iranian government on the lives of women. It also focuses on Azar Nafisi's writings to analyze how she has (re)shaped the identities of her students by constructing an alternative narrative and forming a link between fiction and reality.
ANALYSIS OF CUSTOMER RELATIONSHIP MANAGEMENT APPLICATION IMPLEMENTATION, PT NCI CASE STUDY
Authors: Rusmanto Rusmanto
Published: March 2022

Good customer relationship management is needed by the marketing department of the company, including the company training services. The utilization of information technology for customer relationship management is becoming important due to the availability of the internet and other information technology products for today's marketing communications very wide. SugarCRM is a customer relationship management application that has been well implemented in various world companies and service companies in Indonesia. The analysis was conducted to find out the benefits of SugarCRM in a training service company using a case study of PT NCI. Companies that previously only used general office applications in Manually managing customer data to serve and maintain customer loyalty has proven to be better after using the SugarCRM application as a marketing information system for managing customer relations. Some of the improvements in the marketing department's performance include making it more accessible in collecting and accessing customer data, understanding customer expectations and desires, and providing services to customers, with the hope of increasing customer satisfaction and improving company income and profits. There are still some shortcomings that need to do further researched. Further research is also needed, among others, to compare SugarCRM with other similar applications.
Size Distributions of Inhalable Particulate Matter and Particle-bound Heavy Metals and Their Potential Occupational Health Risk Related to Informal E-waste Recycling in Thailand
Authors: Keawhanu Thidarat , Sukonthamut Sujitra , Suriyawong Achariya , Junyapoon Suwannee
Published: March 2022

Concentrations and size distributions of atmospheric particulates and particulate-bound heavy metals in different inhalable fractions were studied in working areas during manual dismantling, thermal cutting and cable sheath burning activities. The particulate samples were collected on quartz fiber filters using an eight-stage cascade impactor with flow rate of 28.3 l min-1. Mass concentrations of the particles were measured in each size fraction. Heavy metals bound on the particles were extracted with acid digestion and then analyzed using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. Risk assessment of worker exposure to the particles was determined. The results indicated that the concentrations of ultrafine (dae < 0.43 μm), fine (0.43 < dae < 2.1 μm) and coarse (2.1 < dae < 10 μm) particles were in the ranges of 14.49-62.04, 57.51-120.26 and 153.26–646.99 μg m−3 during manual dismantling, 363.41-1,011.95, 2,105.40-4,899.11 and 1,698.54-7,075.61 μg m−3 during thermal cutting and 364.73-1,694.72, 1,953.33-4,431.41 and 1,385.97-6,126.13 μg m−3 during cable sheath burning, respectively. The concentrations of PM2.1 and PM10 released from these activities did not exceed the OSHA PEL threshold limits. Heavy metals adsorbed on the particles (Fe, Cr, Zn, Cu, Pb, Mn) detected during manual dismantling did not exceed the TWA standard. Concentrations of Cr and Pb during cable sheath burning highly exceeded the standards whereas Pb concentrations during thermal cutting slightly exceeded the standard. The heavy metals released from these recycling activities were more enriched on coarse mode than fine mode. Inhalation exposure to Cr, Pb and Mn posed a potential health risk to the workers.
SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC BENEFITS OF WORKERS IN INDUSTRIAL COOPERATIVE
Authors: GOMATHY Dr. C K
Published: March 2022

The impact of cooperatives on socioeconomic growth is discussed in this work. It is based on a countrywide survey that included a sample of 173 cooperatives and 831 cooperative members. The research was conducted using a semi-structured questionnaire. It spanned a ten-year period (2001-2011). The survey's findings show that cooperatives have made significant contributions to the country's economic development in addition to supporting their members by providing a variety of products, services, and benefits such as food security, increased income, improved life style and social participation, and inputs for their agricultural. Furthermore, cooperatives support nearly 15.00 to 29.68 decent jobs on average and spent 28,032.29 to 122,297.7 birr per cooperative per year on wages and salaries. Cooperatives' average contribution to Ethiopian GDP during the last 10 years has been determined to be quite low, ranging from 1.21 percent to 12.27 percent. Cooperatives have failed to make an impact on the socio-economic development of their communities, as evidenced by this study. Country and assist their members in improving their living conditions as a result of the unpaved economy the country's policy KEYWORDS: Cooperatives, Socio-economic Development, Women's and Youth Empowerment
23rd Annual Meeting of the German Professional Association of Travel Medicine (DFR) Coburg, Germany, 18-19. September 2020
Authors: Schmolz Günter
Published: March 2022

The publication contains summaries of papers presented at the annual meeting of German Professional Association of Travel Medicine (DFR):

J. Hinkelbein: In-flight Medical Emergencies (IFME)
N. Kohls: Promoting health by traveling: Mindfulness and travel medicine
Th. Küpper: Pandemias – are we really prepared?
M. Posch, G. Ruedl: Fatalities during recreational alpine skiing: A 10-year analysis from the Austrian Alps
K. Rinnert: Diabetes and driving ability
R. Steffen: Travel medicine news
PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING, ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITIES OF EXTRACTS AND FRACTIONS OF Dillenia suffruticosa LEAVES
Authors: YAKOP FARAZIMAH , SHEIKH ABDUL HAMID MALAI HANITI , AHMAD NORHAYATI , ABDUL MAJID MOHAMED , PILLAI MANOHARAN KARUPPIAH , TAHA HUSSEIN
Published: March 2022

Dillenia suffruticosa or ‘Simpur bini’ is known to have ethnomedicinal properties and had been used traditionally to heal wounds, relieve fever and rheumatism. There has been limited studies carried out on this species, therefore, this study aims to evaluate the phytochemical contents, antioxidant and antibacterial activities of aqueous extract, methanol extract and its fractions obtained from the leaves of D. suffruticosa. The dried leaves were extracted using methanol before successive solvent partitioning was carried out on the extract using hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and diethyl ether. In addition to this, aqueous decoction was conducted. The antioxidant activities were determined using Total Phenolic Content (TPC), Total Flavonoid Content (TFC) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate (DPPH) free radical scavenging methods. Phytochemical screening had shown that most of the extracts and fractions contained alkaloids, steroids, phenolics, flavonoids and saponins. The diethyl ether and ethyl acetate fractions showed higher TPC and TFC values. The diethyl ether and ethyl acetate fractions also showed higher antioxidant activities determined via DPPH assay. Antibacterial activities determined using disc diffusion assay showed the methanol extract and its fractions had antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, with the diethyl ether fraction having comparable activity with the standard antibiotic streptomycin. However, inhibition against Bacillus subtilis was only observed in hexane, chloroform and diethyl ether fractions. No inhibition was observed against Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This study identified the diethyl ethyl and ethyl acetate fractions of D. suffruticosa leaves as potential sources of bioactive compounds. Further investigations on the bioassay-guided isolation of bioactive compounds of this species may lead to the discovery of new pharmaceutical or effective antimicrobial agents.
Red letter days of a Pennsylvania botanist
Authors: Sheridan Phil
Published: March 2022

On July 24, 1993 The Nature Conservancy dedicated the 1.6 km2 (400 acre) Thomas Darling Nature Preserve in Monroe County, Pennsylvania. This was in recognition of Tom Darling's lifelong efforts to preserve natural areas and his support of The Nature Conservancy. Mr. Darling's persistent efforts over ten years also helped result in the preservation of Lehigh Pond, one of the most pristine bog habitats in Pennsylvania.
Reflections on Translation Instruction for BTI in China’s Mainland: Current Situation and Implications
Authors: Ren Junhong
Published: March 2022

Effective translation instruction is crucial to the improvement of translation competence and language abilities of undergraduates majoring in translation. On the basis of an analysis of the problems in translation teaching, this paper provides an overview of the development of translation teaching reform, and puts forward some suggestions on translation teaching in terms of teaching philosophy, teaching content, teaching methods and assessment system. 
Perbandingan Keberhasilan Insersi Kanul Intravena Antara Penggunaan dan Tanpa Penggunaan Pemindai Vena pada Pasien Pediatrik
Authors: Perdana Aries , Manggala Sidharta Kusuma , Karina Astari
Published: March 2022

Latar Belakang: Pemasangan akses intravena pada pasien pediatrik memiliki kesulitan tersendiri. Pembuluh darah yang lebih kecil, lebih rapuh, dan jaringan subkutan yang lebih tebal pada pasien pediatrik mempersulit visualisasi vena. Pasien pediatrik yang tidak dalam pengaruh anestesi sering kali tidak kooperatif karena takut dan trauma akibat tindakan sebelumnya. Hal ini berdampak pada rendahnya angka keberhasilan upaya pertama insersi kanul intravena pada pediatrik. Alat pemindai vena dapat membantu visualisasi vena, namun efektivitasnya pada pasien pediatrik masih kontradiktif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan angka keberhasilan insersi pertama kanul intravena pada pasien pediatrik menggunakan pemindai vena dan tanpa pemindai vena.

Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan uji klinis, acak, tidak tersamar pada pasien pediatrik usia 0-5 tahun yang mendapat layanan anestesi di ruang diagnostik magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography scan, dan radioterapi di Rumah Sakit Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo. Sembilan puluh dua subjek dikelompokkan menjadi 2 kelompok yaitu kelompok insersi kanul intravena dengan bantuan alat pemindai vena (Accuvein AV400) dan kelompok kontrol, insersi tanpa alat bantu. Data keberhasilan insersi pertama, waktu pemasangan, total jumlah upaya, serta status demografi subjek dicatat dan dianalisa untuk melihat hubungan penggunaan pemindai vena dan faktor lain yang mempengaruhi dalam keberhasilan upaya pertama insersi kanul intravena.

Hasil: Angka keberhasilan insersi pertama lebih tinggi pada kelompok pemindai vena (76,1%) dari pada kelompok tanpa pemindai vena (52,2%) dengan cOR 2,92 (p 0,017). Warna kulit gelap memiliki angka keberhasilan yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan warna kulit terang (74,5% dibandingkan 53,5%, dengan  nilai p sebesar 0,035). Faktor lainnya tidak berhubungan dengan keberhasilan insersi kanul intravena. Kelompok pemindai vena memiliki rerata waktu insersi yang lebih singkat yaitu 133,5 detik (55-607) dibandingkan tanpa pemindai vena 304,5 detik (65-1200).

Simpulan: Kelompok pemindai vena memiliki angka keberhasilan upaya insersi pertama yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan tanpa pemindai vena. Faktor yang mempengaruhi keberhasilan insersi hanya warna kulit.
Perbandingan Tanggapan Kardiovaskular dan Kemudahan Intubasi dengan Menggunakan Laringoskop McCoy dan Macintosh pada Ras Melayu di Indonesia
Authors: Firdaus Riyadh , Alamanda Nur’aini , Perdana Aries
Published: March 2022

Latar Belakang : Intubasi endotrakeal dan laringoskopi direk merupakan standar baku emas dalam tatalaksana jalan nafas baik pada keadaan gawat darurat ataupun tidak. Peningkatan tanggapan kardiovaskular karena rangsangan simpatis merupakan komplikasi tersering saat intubasi. Tanggapan kardiovaskular ini dapat berbahaya bagi pasien-pasien yang berisiko, terutama yang memiliki masalah gangguan jantung. Metode pemilihan bilah merupakan salah satu teknik non farmakologi yang digunakan untuk mengurangi tanggapan kardiovaskular yang timbul akibat intubasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan tanggapan kardiovaskular dan kemudahan intubasi antara laringoskop McCoy dan Macintosh.

Metode : Uji klinis acak tersamar tunggal, dengan 78 pasien yang akan menjalani anestesia umum dengan intubasi endotrakeal dan dibagi ke dalam 2 kelompok, yaitu McCoy dan Macintosh. Kriteria inklusi adalah 18-65 tahun dengan status fisik ASA 1 dan ASA 2 tanpa penyulit jalan nafas. Midazolam 0,05mg/kgBB dan fentanyl 2mcg/kgBB diberikan 2 sebagai agen koinduksi. Induksi anestesia menggunakan propofol 2mg/kgBB, dilanjutkan dengan pemberian rocuronium 0,6mg/kgBB setelah dipastikan hilangnya refleks bulu mata. Tanggapan kardiovaskular yang diukur (tekanan sistolik, diastolik, tekanan arteri rerata, dan laju denyut nadi). Intubasi dikatakan mudah bila dilakukan dalam waktu kuang dari 10 menit dan tidak lebih dari 3 kali percobaan.

Hasil : Pada menit pertama pasca intubasi, tekanan darah sistolik, diastolik, dan lau denyut nadi kelompok McCoy lebih tinggi dibandingkan Macintosh, dengan perbedaan tekanan sistolik -2,38 (-9,93-5,16), tekanan diastolik -1,07(-7,313-5,15 95%IK), laju denyut nadi 2,79(-2,69 – 8,28). Pada menit ke-3 pasca intubasi, tekanan sistolik, diastolik, tekanan arteri rerata, dan laju denyut nadi kelompok McCoy tetap lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan Macintosh, dengan perbedaan tekanan sistolik -1,23 (-8,51-6,05), tekanan diastolik -0,97(-6,69-4,75), tekanan arteri rerata -0,65(-6,27-4,97), dan laju denyut nadi 0,89(-3,99-5,78).

Kesimpulan : Intubasi dengan laringoskop McCoy tidak mampu menekan tanggapan kardiovaskular yang timbul akibat rangsang nyeri dan stimulasi simpatis.
"Mitigation and Identification of Camouflage Attack Over Computer Vision Applications"
Authors: Sanaboina Chandra Sekhar , Garikiparti Sree Bharathi
Published: March 2022

Computer vision technologies are now commonly used in real-time image and video recognition applications using deep neural networks. Scaling or Mitigation is the basic input pre-processing feature in these implementations. Image scaling methods are designed to maintain visual elements before and after scaling, and are widely utilized in a variety of visual and image processing applications. Content disguising attacks may be carried out by taking advantage of the picture scaling mechanism, which causes the machine's extracted content to be drastically different from the input before scaling. In this project the actual input image with dimension Am×n is resized to an attacked image dimension Om1×n1, which will mislead the classifier as the input is attacked image. To illustrate the threats from such camouflage attacks, some computer vision applications taken as targeted victims that includes multiple image classification applications based on popular deep learning frameworks like OpenCV, pillow. This attack is not detected while checking with the YOLOV4 demo. To defend against such attacks, in this project using Dhash i.e., difference hash concept. The hash the value of the actual image and the resized are same when using the Dhash. If the image is camouflaged the means the content is modified so the Dhash value of the image also changed if the image is not camouflaged the then the hash value of the actual image and resized images are same. By using the Dhash concept detecting the image is camouflaged or not.
Investigative Study on the Properties of Hollow Concrete Blocks
Authors: Khan Furqan Jeelani
Published: March 2022

The utilization of workmanship structures is as yet broad all through the world. Hollow concrete blocks have supplanted customary bricks in late development as a result of the upsides of higher bearing limit, farmland insurance, and energy protection [1]. The hollow concrete blocks, being lightweight result in a reduced dead load of the structure [2]. They are practical and a superior option in contrast to consumed dirt blocks by their great solidness, imperviousness to fire, have good thermal protection, less dead burden, and high speed of development [3]. They are economical in comparison to the existing building materials. This project includes the preparation of samples of hollow concrete blocks with the different number of cavities and different shapes of cavities (circular and rectangular) using a concrete mix of 1:4:6 and a comparative study is executed concerning brick masonry and the blocks available in the market. The strength parameter, economy, lightweight character, and insulation property are studied and compared. The compressive qualities of the samples are thought about after permitting them to solution for 28 days in the curing tank. The thermal insulation test, block density test, and water absorption test are also carried out. The results showed a great deal of insulation from temperature. The energy consumption of buildings can be reduced to a significant amount by using these blocks [6]. The compressive parameters of these samples came to be far more than those of blocks that are being utilized in the market. Therefore these types of hollow concrete blocks can prove to revolutionize the way we design and build our structures.
Nederlandse moskeeën en moskeegemeenschappen in verandering
Authors: Roex Ineke , Tuzani Najib
Published: March 2022

Mosques and their communities in movement – A case study of the Netherlands

This article reports several findings from a qualitative case study of six mosques in the Netherlands. In recent years, media, government, and society have paid increasing attention to their role, in part in relation to growing concerns of Salafist influences in the Dutch landscape. There are two major changes that can be witnessed. First, the role of the mosque as solely a religious institution is gradually shifting towards a broader interpretation. Second, there is a shift in the role of religious authority. These changes have the potential to create conflict.
Homofobe en transfobe haatuitingen onder het IVBPR en EVRM
Authors: Temperman Jeroen
Published: March 2022

Homophobic and transphobic hateful speech under the ICCPR and ECHR – Developments and reflections

This article investigates if and in what manner international human rights treaties provide a mandate for state parties to combat hateful homophobic and transphobic speech. It is concluded that under the ICCPR, the path to inclusive readings of its incitement provision is principally paved by state parties. The UN Human Rights Committee welcomes states’ going beyond the codified (Art. 20) prohibition grounds of ‘national, racial or religious hatred’, thus including such grounds as sexual orientation and gender identity. Within the regional context of the ECHR, it is the European Court of Human Rights that functions as a catalyst. In recent jurisprudence, the latter court has developed a positive duty to investigate instances of hateful homophobic speech. Under both regimes a similarly steadfast approach to combating transphobic speech cannot yet be detected.
Levensbeschouwelijke vorming in het openbaar voortgezet onderwijs
Authors: Heijstek-Hofman Angelique , van Amelsvoort Marije , van Dijk-Groeneboer Monique
Published: March 2022

Worldview education in public secondary education

Both in the new citizenship education law and the law on secondary education, it is stated that all schools must engage in worldview education. Also, the call for the broad development of young people is becoming louder. However, public secondary education does not give structural attention to worldview education. The goal of this article is to give an overview of the situation of worldview education in public secondary education based on content analysis research of school guides. An inventory is made of whether there are elements of worldview education present at public secondary schools.
Tussen stroomversnellingen en stagnatie
Authors: van ’t Hul Leonard
Published: March 2022

Between shoots and stagnation – Political negotiations about subsidies for the construction of churches and mosques, 1954-1994

Between 1964 and 1976, roughly the heydays of dechurching in the Netherlands, the Dutch government contributed to the construction of 788 church buildings and one mosque through the Church Building Premium Act. After 1976, however, there was no longer any political basis for similar support of religious newcomers – apart from a few temporary subsidies to specific Muslim communities. In this article I argue that to understand developments in Dutch church-state relations it is not enough to study cultural-ideological shifts as visible in in media-outlets and parliamentary deliberations. The case of direct funding for houses of worship illustrates that dynamics of church and state relations can only fully assessed by delving into the politico-institutional context in which policy deliberations took place. This shows that political decisions about policies on religious accommodation were highly influenced by the way the trajectory of decision making was organized. Both the amount of access of faith-based organisations to the negotiation tables and the extent to which policy-debates were linked to or decoupled from concurrent policy issues mattered greatly for the outcome of policy deliberations.
Cultuurchristendom in de strijd tegen modern gnosticisme (deel 2)
Authors: van de Breevaart Hans
Published: March 2022

Christianity as a civic religion in the struggle against modern Gnosticism (part 2) – An alternative approach to today’s populism

This article tries to show how populism is taking issue with the Gnostic tendency in present-day politics Eric Voegelin had been identifying as ‘the immanentization of the eschaton’. According to populists modern Gnosticism is trying to realize the eschaton at the expense of one or more elements of reality that, according to Voegelin, had been identified in Christian culture during the course of its history, namely God and cosmos, society and men. This article elaborates on this argument by indicating how populists are used to positioning themselves over against Gnostics in the political debates on gender, immigration, climate change and the European Union.
Društveno-političke prilike u ivaničkom kraju između dva svjetska rata
Authors: Grgić Stipica
Published: March 2022

Rad "Društveno-političke prilike u ivaničkom kraju između dva svjetska rata" u prvom redu nastojat će prikazati događaje koji su obilježili međuratno razdoblje u tri općine ivanićkog kraja (Ivanić-Grad, Kloštar Ivanić, Križ). Uz demografski, društveni i gospodarski razvoj, posebna će se pažnja posvetiti okolnostima dinamičnih političkih zbivanja u tom kraju, koja su obilježila razdoblje od 1918. do 1941. godine.
USOS DO RELEVO, DAS ÁGUAS E DA PESCA NA TRAJETÓRIA HISTÓRICA DE COMUNIDADES TRADICIONAIS CAIÇARAS EM TERRITÓRIOS NORMATIZADOS COMO UNIDADE DE CONSERVAÇÃO (ILHA DO CARDOSO, SP)
Authors: Cheliz Pedro Michelutti , Yamaoka Juliana Greco , Cubas Willian Gomes , Gonçalvez Juliana Lourenço
Published: March 2022

Buscando contribuir para discussões sobre interações entre comunidades tradicionais e quadros naturais, caracterizou-se alterações ao longo do tempo do uso das unidades de relevo, das terras e das águas nos territórios e nas territorialidades de comunidades caiçaras da Ilha do Cardoso. Elencou-se três diferentes padrões de mediação com as terras emersas e águas nas territorialidades das comunidades caiçaras, cada qual deles associados a diferentes conjuntos de técnicas de pesca artesanais predominantes. Apontou-se oscilação dos quadros naturais tomados como preferenciais para instalação das comunidades locais e aumento da centralidade da pesca nos modos de vida caiçaras após a normatização de seus territórios tradicionais e da própria Ilha como uma unidade de conservação em meados do século XX. Caracterizou-se posteriores flutuações ao longo do tempo da centralidade da pesca em cada um dos conjunto de territórios tradicionais locais, ligadas em parte ora ao endurecimento, ora ao abrandamento das restrições legais de uso do território vindas das modificações dos planos de manejo da unidade de conservação.
Biological Activity of Defence-Related Plant Secondary Metabolites
Authors: Anbu Ananth , Ananth Umadevi
Published: March 2022

The message that everyone needs to know is that secondary metabolites in plants and natural products are involved in various activities. The phenolics, quinones, terpenes, flavonoids, and other thousands of low molecular weight metabolites activity is unknown. Well-understood secondary metabolites have been implicated in the defense against pathogens; the operating system of some of these has been established. In particular, to date, a relatively small number of processes have been shown to be targets of plant metabolism, including electron transport chains, mitochondrial function, and membrane integration. However, it is now emerging that other specific enzymes and processes may also be targets of specific metabolites. There is a general belief that modern genetic approaches will identify new targets and mechanisms of plant metabolism. Molecules that trigger apoptosis or autoimmunity in tumor cells, especially triterpenoids, are of particular interest in this regard. Before proceeding to specific studies in plant or human cells, we discuss whether there is a case for conducting preliminary studies on the mechanism of action in the genetic pathway system, such as yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, considering the approaches taken so far in botany and strategies that have led to success in the biomedical field.
Dysphagia Following Anterior Cervical Spine Surgery
Authors: Hasan Ghazwan , L. Alves Oscar
Published: March 2022

Dysphasia is regarded as one of the common complications following anterior cervical discectomy and fusion, the reported incidence varies widely and is depending on several factors, such as smoking, multi levels, anterior plating, we will discuss historical review, pathogenesis, epidemiology, clinical presentation including presentation including perioperative and postoperative recommendation and will end up with different stops and tricks to decrease this complication, in each topics we will review the evidence based articles.
Seed Priming: The Way Forward to Mitigate Abiotic Stress in Crops
Authors: Nagabhushan Arun Melekote , Shankara Hebbar Shibara , Bhanuprakash  , Senthivel Thulasiram , Kumar Nair Anil , Padmavathi Guntupalli , Pandey Pratima , Singh Aarti
Published: March 2022

Abiotic stress is a major threat to the farming community, biasing the crop productivity in arid and semi-arid regions of the world. The seed is an important component of agriculture, contributing significantly to the booming production of food and feed crops across the different agro-ecological regions of the world with constant challenges with reference to production, storage, and quality control. Germination, plant growth, and development via non-normal physiological processes are detrimentally affected by stress. Seed priming is an alternative, low cost, and feasible technique, which can improve various abiotic stress tolerances through enhanced and advanced seed production. Seed priming is a process that involves imbibing seed with a restricted amount of water to allow sufficient hydration and advancement of metabolic processes but preventing germination. The beneficial influence of priming on the germination performance of diverse species is attributed to the induction of biochemical mechanisms of cell repair: the resumption of metabolic activity that can re-impose cellular integrity, through the synthesis of nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) and proteins and the improvement of the antioxidant defense system metabolic damage incurred by dry seed and thus fortifying the metabolic machinery of the seed. With this background, this chapter highlights the morphological, physiological, biochemical, and molecular responses of seed priming and recent advances in priming methods as a tool to combat abiotic stress in crop plants.
Application of Internet of Things in the Movement of Goods at Customs Level during Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Varese Erica , Chiara Cesarani Maria , Wojnarowska Magdalena
Published: March 2022

The rapid growth of trade volume makes it necessary on the one hand to increase the safety and security of international trade and, on the other hand, to leave the flow of goods unobstructed. The Covid-19 pandemic severely impacted the world goods and services trade which, after almost 2 years, are still not back to December 2019’s volumes. This chapter investigates some of the different suggestions proposed by international organizations to mitigate the pandemic effect on international trade, with a specific focus on trade facilitation measures such as international certifications (i.e., Authorized Economic Operator), risk management strategies and new technologies which are deeply transforming and helping the movement of goods at customs level. After reviewing published reports, this chapter aims to verify which are the most feasible solution to be implemented by the government at the customs level for improving customs operations enhancing their efficiency and effectiveness.
Uropathogenic Escherichia coli
Authors: Kaur Navneet , Agarwal Ashwini , Grover Malika , Singh Sanampreet
Published: March 2022

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most common infections encountered worldwide in clinical practice. Escherichia coli is by far the most frequent cause of infections responsible for nearly 80–90% of the infections. The strains of E. coli causing UTI are termed as uropathogenic E. coli. They vary from commensal strains as they have acquired virulence and resistant determinants through plasmids, bacteriophages, pathogenicity islands or DNA horizontal transfer of transposons which permits them to victoriously colonize the urinary tract and cause a broader spectrum of disease. For the fact, UPEC strains possess an abundance of both structural (as fimbriae, pili, flagella, capsule, lipopolysaccharide) and secreted (toxins, iron-acquisition systems, enzymes) virulence factors that play a crucial role in the pathogenesis. The pathogenesis of UPEC involves adherence, colonization, evading host defenses and damage to host tissue to achieve virulence. UTI is often treated empirically by broad-spectrum antibiotics in the absence of culture and susceptibility results. This over-use of antibiotics has resulted in the development of antibiotic resistance worldwide. Having a detailed understanding of the bacterium and its virulence factors can help us in developing new treatment options in presence of global antimicrobial resistance.
Industrial Design Energy Efficiency and GHG Emission Reduction via Steam and Power Systems Optimization
Authors: Al-Owaidh Mana , Hazazi Abdulrahman , Oji Solomon , Dulaijan Abdulaziz
Published: March 2022

The energy supply side for a large oil, gas, refinery, or petrochemical facility is designed to provide the site with sufficient heating, cooling, and power utilities requirements. Reducing capital and operating costs from energy supply side is essential to maximize the value added from the industrial facility. Thus, optimization solutions are often developed to optimize industrial utility design and operation, reduce costs while improving the overall system’s efficiency and inevitably reducing CO2 emission. Our topic in the chapter is related to a new methodology that aims to identify the optimum design and operation of the energy supply side of a new industrial facility. One major cause for utility design inefficiency is the fact that in a typical project setup, there are different project teams handling the design of the utility supply side and process design independently. This often results in high capital cost, and lower operating efficiency. The potential improvement expected from the optimum design compared with a typical design case for a new industrial facility is over 15% from base-case life cycle cost. This chapter also covers several examples to explain the concept and expected benefits from applying a new Combined Heat and Power (CHP) optimization solution during new project design.
Investigation of Accessory Minerals from the Blatná Granodiorite Suite, Bohemian Massif, Czech Republic
Authors: René Miloš
Published: March 2022

The Central Bohemian magmatic complex belongs to the Central European Variscan belt. The granitic rocks of this plutonic complex are formed by several suites of granites, granodiorites, and tonalites, together with small bodies of gabbros, gabbro diorites, and diorites. The granodiorites of the Blatná suite are high-K, calc-alkaline to shoshonitic, and metaluminous to slightly peraluminous granitic rocks. Compared to the common I-type granites, granodiorites of the Blatná suite are enriched in Mg (1.0–3.4 wt.% MgO), Ba (838–2560 ppm), Sr. (257–506 ppm), and Zr (81–236 ppm). For granodiorites of the Blatná suite is assemblage of apatite, zircon, titanite, and allanite significant. Zircon contains low Hf concentrations (1.1–1.7 wt.% HfO2). The composition of titanite ranges from 83 to 92 mol.% titanite end-member. Allanite is relatively Al-poor and displays Feox. ratio 0.2–0.5.
Perspective Chapter: Parasitic Platyhelminthes Nuclear Receptors as Molecular Crossroads
Authors: Esteves Adriana , Alvite Gabriela
Published: March 2022

Thanks to the increasing availability of the parasitic Platyhelminthes genomes in recent years, several studies have been directed to the identification of the nuclear receptors set expressed by these organisms. Nevertheless, important gaps in our knowledge remain to be addressed, concerning their mechanism of action, ligands, co-regulator proteins, and DNA binding sequences on target genes. The proposed review chapter will be an account of research into the nuclear receptors field of parasitic Platyhelminthes. Several in vitro effects of host steroid hormones on Taenia and Echinococcus species were observed, however, the classical mammalian estrogen, androgen, or progesterone receptors could not be identified in databases. Nonetheless, novel nuclear receptors and related proteins and genes, are being identified and characterized. The elucidation of their target genes as well as ligands in parasitic Platyhelminthes could allow discovery of new and specific pathways differing from those of their hosts. In this sense, these parasitic proteins seem to be good putative targets of new drugs.
Two Faces of Nrf2 in Cancer
Authors: Yildiz Mustafa , Segmen Hatice
Published: March 2022

Nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2 (Nrf2) serves as a “main regulator” in response to internal or external cell stressors through coordinated induction of a wide range of cytoprotective genes. In cancer cells, Nrf2 increases expression of cytoprotective genes and, as a result, promotes proliferation through inhibition of apoptosis and metabolic reprogramming. Therefore, the activation of Nrf2 is an important regulator for prevention of cancer triggered by stresses and toxins. Defense system is activated by cellular pathways to ensure that response to stresses and toxins is sufficient for needs of the body. Nrf2 is a regulator of genes mediated by antioxidant response elements. Nrf2 is a pleiotropic gene that represents highly researched strategy in cancers. During recent decades, emerging evidence shows that Nrf2 is generally activated in many types of cancer by many mechanisms. Nrf2 has been showed to contribute to chemoresistance of cancer cells, as well as carcinogenesis due to inflammation, in recent studies. This review provides an overview of current mechanisms of regulation of Nrf2 in normal cells and its dual effects in cancer. This chapter aims to rationalize these double roles by criticizing dependence of Nrf2 functions and methods behind these contradictory data.
Current Understanding of Biomarkers in Post Traumatic Stress Disorder and Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: A Systematic Review and Implications for Research and Treatment
Authors: L. Scholl Jamie , T. Graack Eric , S. Ahrenholtz Michaela , J. Bosch Taylor , A. Baugh Lee
Published: March 2022

For nearly 100 years, it was erroneously believed that the loss of consciousness and/or the altered mental status associated with a mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) offered protection from the development of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, it is now accepted that it is possible for PTSD to result from mTBI, and that the co-occurrence of these two conditions creates a more difficult condition to treat and worsens prognosis. In addition, it is known that the symptomology associated with PTSD and mTBI have a great deal of overlap, complicating diagnoses. The objective of this chapter is to review the current state of biomarkers aimed at diagnosing comorbid mTBI and PTSD that are useful on a single-patient basis and are not reliant on self-report or arduous interviews. Further, implications for future research and treatment are discussed.
Perspective Chapter: Management of Pruritus Ani
Authors: Mantilla Nathalie , Jorge Juaquito
Published: March 2022

Pruritus ani is a benign anorectal disorder characterized by an itching sensation of the perianal skin. It is a source of embarrassment and frustration for those who suffer from it. Multiple conditions can be responsible for perianal itching; however, most cases are idiopathic. Skin breakdown from constant scratching creates a vicious cycle exacerbating the symptoms. Empiric treatment resolves the problem in most cases, but additional testing should be performed when deemed necessary. Guided management to control associated diseases, lifestyle modifications, as well as skin protection, is paramount in the management.
Nanofibers: Production, Characterization, and Tissue Engineering Applications
Authors: Bayrak Ece
Published: March 2022

Among all nanostructured materials, nanofibers (NFs) are the one class that is widely used in tissue engineering (TE) and regenerative medicine (RM) areas. NFs can be produced by a variety of different methods, so they can be used almost for any tissue engineering process with appropriate modifications. Also, the variety of materials that can form nanofibers, production methods, and application fields increase the value of NFs greatly. They are almost suitable for any tissue engineering applications due to their tunable properties. Hopefully, this chapter will provide brief information about the production methods (electrospinning, wet spinning, drawing, etc.), characterization methods (Scanning Electron Microscopy, Transmission Electron Microscopy, Atomic Force Microscopy, etc.), and tissue engineering applications (core-shell fibers, antibacterial fibers, nanoparticle-incorporated fibers, drug-loaded fibers, etc.) of NFs.