bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A wearable textile-based pneumatic energy harvesting system for assistive robotics
Authors: Shveda Rachel A. , Rajappan Anoop , Yap Te Faye , Liu Zhen , Bell Marquise D. , Jumet Barclay , Sanchez Vanessa , Preston Daniel J.
Published: August 2022

Wearable assistive, rehabilitative, and augmentative devices currently require bulky power supplies, often making these tools more of a burden than an asset. This work introduces a soft, low-profile, textile-based pneumatic energy harvesting system that extracts power directly from the foot strike of a user during walking. Energy is harvested with a textile pump integrated into the insole of the user’s shoe and stored in a wearable textile bladder to operate pneumatic actuators on demand, with system performance optimized based on a mechano-fluidic model. The system recovered a maximum average power of nearly 3 W with over 20% conversion efficiency—outperforming electromagnetic, piezoelectric, and triboelectric alternatives—and was used to power a wearable arm-lift device that assists shoulder motion and a supernumerary robotic arm, demonstrating its capability as a lightweight, low-cost, and comfortable solution to support adults with upper body functional limitations in activities of daily living.
Psychological inoculation improves resilience against misinformation on social media
Authors: Roozenbeek Jon , van der Linden Sander , Goldberg Beth , Rathje Steve , Lewandowsky Stephan
Published: August 2022

Online misinformation continues to have adverse consequences for society. Inoculation theory has been put forward as a way to reduce susceptibility to misinformation by informing people about how they might be misinformed, but its scalability has been elusive both at a theoretical level and a practical level. We developed five short videos that inoculate people against manipulation techniques commonly used in misinformation: emotionally manipulative language, incoherence, false dichotomies, scapegoating, and ad hominem attacks. In seven preregistered studies, i.e., six randomized controlled studies (
n
= 6464) and an ecologically valid field study on YouTube (
n
= 22,632), we find that these videos improve manipulation technique recognition, boost confidence in spotting these techniques, increase people’s ability to discern trustworthy from untrustworthy content, and improve the quality of their sharing decisions. These effects are robust across the political spectrum and a wide variety of covariates. We show that psychological inoculation campaigns on social media are effective at improving misinformation resilience at scale.
A genetically engineered
Plasmodium falciparum
parasite vaccine provides protection from controlled human malaria infection
Authors: Murphy Sean C. , Vaughan Ashley M. , Kublin James G. , Fishbauger Matthew , Seilie Annette M. , Cruz Kurtis P. , Mankowski Tracie , Firat Melike , Magee Sara , Betz Will , Kain Heather , Camargo Nelly , Haile Meseret T. , Armstrong Janna , Fritzen Emma , Hertoghs Nina , Kumar Sudhir , Sather D. Noah , Pinder Leeya F. , Deye Gregory A. , Galbiati Shirley , Geber Casey , Butts Jessica , Jackson Lisa A. , Kappe Stefan H. I.
Published: August 2022

Genetically engineered live
Plasmodium falciparum
sporozoites constitute a potential platform for creating consistently attenuated, genetically defined, whole-parasite vaccines against malaria through targeted gene deletions. Such genetically attenuated parasites (GAPs) do not require attenuation by irradiation or concomitant drug treatment. We previously developed a
P. falciparum
(Pf) GAP with deletions in
P52
,
P36
, and
SAP1
genes (PfGAP3KO) and demonstrated its safety and immunogenicity in humans. Here, we further assessed safety, tolerability, and immunogenicity of the PfGAP3KO vaccine and tested its efficacy against controlled human malaria infection (CHMI) in malaria-naïve subjects. The vaccine was delivered by three (
n
= 6) or five (
n
= 8) immunizations with ~200 PfGAP3KO-infected mosquito bites per immunization. PfGAP3KO was safe and well tolerated with no breakthrough
P. falciparum
blood stage infections. Vaccine-related adverse events were predominately localized urticaria related to the numerous mosquito bites administered per vaccination. CHMI via bites with mosquitoes carrying fully infectious Pf NF54 parasites was carried out 1 month after the last immunization. Half of the study participants who received either three or five PfGAP3KO immunizations remained
P. falciparum
blood stage negative, as shown by a lack of detection of
Plasmodium
18
S
rRNA in the blood for 28 days after CHMI. Six protected study participants received a second CHMI 6 months later, and one remained completely protected. Thus, the PfGAP3KO vaccine was safe and immunogenic and was capable of inducing protection against sporozoite infection. These results warrant further evaluation of PfGAP3KO vaccine efficacy in dose-range finding trials with an injectable formulation.
Navigating regulatory pathways for translation of biologic cartilage repair products
Authors: Nordberg Rachel C. , Otarola Gaston A. , Wang Dean , Hu Jerry C. , Athanasiou Kyriacos A.
Published: August 2022

Long-term clinical repair of articular cartilage remains elusive despite advances in cartilage tissue engineering. Only one cartilage repair therapy classified as a “cellular and gene therapy product” has obtained Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval within the past decade although more than 200 large animal cartilage repair studies were published. Here, we identify the challenges impeding translation of strategies and technologies for cell-based cartilage repair, such as the disconnect between university funding and regulatory requirements. Understanding the barriers to translation and developing solutions to address them will be critical for advancing cell therapy products for cartilage repair to clinical use.
Solonamides, a Group of Cyclodepsipeptides, Influence Motility in the Native Producer Photobacterium galatheae S2753
Authors: Zhang Sheng-Da , Lindqvist Laura Louise , Isbrandt Thomas , Borre Ingrid Lykke , Wibowo Mario , Nielsen Maike Wennekers , Ding Ling , Larsen Thomas Ostenfeld , Gram Lone
Published: August 2022

The broad range of bioactive potentials of cyclodepsipeptides makes these compounds invaluable in the pharmaceutical industry. Recently, a few novel cyclodepsipeptides have been discovered in marine
Proteobacteria
; however, their biosynthetic pathways remain to be revealed.
Getting the Payload in Place – Unravelling the Complexities of Making a Bacterial Microcompartment
Authors: Paxhia Michael D. , Liang Mingzhi , Warren Martin J.
Published: August 2022

Bacterial microcompartments (BMCs) are complex macromolecular assemblies composed of any outer protein shell that encases a specific metabolic pathway cargo. Recent research is now starting to unravel some of the processes that are involved in directing the enzyme cargo to the inside of the BMC.
Recipient Cell Factors Influence Interbacterial Competition Mediated by Two Distinct Burkholderia dolosa Contact-Dependent Growth Inhibition Systems
Authors: Elery Zaria K. , Oates A. Elizabeth , Myers-Morales Tanya , Garcia Erin C.
Published: August 2022

Contact-dependent growth inhibition (CDI) system proteins, produced by many Gram-negative bacteria, are narrow spectrum antimicrobials that inhibit the growth of closely related neighboring bacteria. Here, we use the opportunistic pathogen
Burkholderia dolosa
to identify genes required for intoxication by two distinct CDI system proteins.
Variations in Cell Surface ACE2 Levels Alter Direct Binding of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein and Viral Infectivity: Implications for Measuring Spike Protein Interactions with Animal ACE2 Orthologs
Authors: Kazemi Soheila , López-Muñoz Alberto Domingo , Hollý Jaroslav , Jin Ling , Yewdell Jonathan W. , Dolan Brian P.
Published: August 2022

SARS-CoV-2 is a zoonotic virus responsible for the worst global pandemic in a century. An understanding of how the virus can infect other vertebrate species is important for controlling viral spread and understanding the natural history of the virus.
Molecular Basis of Mink ACE2 Binding to SARS-CoV-2 and Its Mink-Derived Variants
Authors: Su Chao , He Juanhua , Han Pengcheng , Bai Bin , Li Dedong , Cao Jian , Tian Mingxiong , Hu Yu , Zheng Anqi , Niu Sheng , Chen Qian , Rong Xiaoyu , Zhang Yanfang , Li Weiwei , Qi Jianxun , Zhao Xin , Yang Mengsu , Wang Qihui , Gao George Fu
Published: August 2022

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has a broad range of hosts. Mink-derived SARS-CoV-2 can transmit back to humans.
Seneca Valley Virus Induces DHX30 Cleavage to Antagonize Its Antiviral Effects
Authors: Wen Wei , Zheng Zixuan , Wang Haoyuan , Zhao Qiongqiong , Yin Mengge , Chen Huanchun , Li Xiangmin , Qian Ping
Published: August 2022

DHX30, an RNA helicase, is identified as a 3C
pro
-interacting protein regulating Seneca Valley virus (SVV) replication dependent on its helicase activity. DHX30 functioned as a viral-RNA binding protein that inhibited SVV replication at the early stage of virus infection.
Characterization of Entry Pathways, Species-Specific Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 Residues Determining Entry, and Antibody Neutralization Evasion of Omicron BA.1, BA.1.1, BA.2, and BA.3 Variants
Authors: Neerukonda Sabari Nath , Wang Richard , Vassell Russell , Baha Haseebullah , Lusvarghi Sabrina , Liu Shufeng , Wang Tony , Weiss Carol D. , Wang Wei
Published: August 2022

The ongoing emergence of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variants with an extensive number of spike mutations poses a significant public health and zoonotic concern due to enhanced transmission fitness and escape from neutralizing antibodies. We studied three Omicron lineage variants (BA.1, BA.2, and BA.3) and found that transmembrane serine protease 2 has less influence on Omicron entry into cells than on D614G, and Omicron exhibits greater sensitivity to endosomal entry inhibition compared to D614G.
Comparison of Metagenomic Sequencing and the NanoString nCounter Analysis System for the Characterization of Bacterial and Viral Communities in Vaginal Samples
Authors: Wylie Todd N. , Schrimpf Jane , Gula Haley , Herter Brandi N. , Wylie Kristine M.
Published: August 2022

Metagenomic shotgun sequencing can inform the design of a targeted multiplex panel by which the NanoString nCounter platform can assess vaginal microbial communities, thereby allowing for more cost-effective and rapid screening of patient samples.
Four Novel Leaderless Bacteriocins, Bacin A1, A2, A3, and A4 Exhibit Potent Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Activities against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Liu Shu , Deng Shulin , Liu Hualin , Tang Liang , Wang Mengqi , Xin Bingyue , Li Feng
Published: August 2022

Methicillin-resistant
Staphylococcus aureus
(MRSA) is a major human pathogen that is difficult to treat because of its resistance to several widely used antibiotics. The present study aimed to identify novel anti-MRSA bacteriocins in a prominent producer of bacteriocins,
Bacillus cereus
group.
Plasmid-Borne AFM Alleles in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Clinical Isolates from China
Authors: Chen Minhua , Cai Heng , Li Yue , Wang Nanfei , Zhang Piaopiao , Hua Xiaoting , Yu Yunsong , Sun Renhua
Published: August 2022

Acquiring metallo-β-lactamase genes is one of the important carbapenem resistance mechanisms of
P. aeruginosa
.
Alcaligenes faecalis
metallo-β-lactamase is a newly identified metallo-β-lactamase, the prevalence and genetic context of which need to be explored. In this study, we identified AFM-producing
P. aeruginosa
strains among clinical isolates and found a new mutant of AFM, AFM-4.
Wild Hedgehogs and Their Parasitic Ticks Coinfected with Multiple Tick-Borne Pathogens in Jiangsu Province, Eastern China
Authors: Qi Yong , Ai Lele , Zhu Changqiang , Ye Fuqiang , Lv Ruichen , Wang Junhu , Mao Yingqing , Lu Nianhong , Tan Weilong
Published: August 2022

In the present study, we found the following. (i)
Er. amurensis
hedgehogs seem to contribute to the natural cycles of
R. japonica
,
A. bovis
,
Ehrlichia
sp., and
C. burnetii
and may be reservoirs of them except for
R. japonica
, and
A. bovis
is proved to infect hedgehogs for the first time. (ii)
H. flava
is proved to harbor various tickborne pathogens (TBPs) as a reservoir host, including
Coxiella
-like endosymbiont (CLE) identified for the first time, which could inhibit coinfection of
C. burnetii
while promoting that of
Rickettsia
spp. in
H. flava.
(iii) Four novel TBP species were identified. This study provides useful epidemiological information on TBPs harbored and transmitted by ticks and their hosts, for assessing the potential infection risks to humans, thus benefiting the developing strategies for tick-borne diseases prevention and control.
Determination of the Parameters of the Earth’s Gravitational Field from Gradiometric Measurements
Authors: Klyuikov A. A.
Published: August 2022

The paper discusses the goals and objectives of the GOCE project, the measurement information and the data processing strategy used in determining the parameters of the Earth’s gravitational field, as well as the products obtained as a result of mathematical processing of data at various levels. In addition, the time and coordinate systems used in the processing of measurement information were considered. Further, the analysis of the correction equation for gradiometric measurements was performed, and an algorithm for calculating the coefficients and free terms of the correction equations was presented for the case of using the direct approach in the mathematical processing of measurement data in order to determine the parameters of the Earth’s gravitational field.
Blinking and normal ocular surface in school-aged children and the effects of age and screen time
Authors: Chidi-Egboka Ngozi Charity , Jalbert Isabelle , Wagner Peter , Golebiowski Blanka
Published: August 2022

Purpose

Baseline ocular surface characteristics in children require investigation. This study characterised blinking and relationships with ocular symptoms, tear film and digital device use.

Methods

45 children aged 6–15 years (56% female) participated in a cross-sectional study. Ocular surface symptoms (Instant Ocular Symptoms Survey, Dry Eye Questionnaire 5, Symptoms Assessment in Dry Eye, Ocular Surface Disease Index, Ocular Comfort Index and Numerical Rating Scale) and clinical indices (lipid layer thickness, tear secretion and stability, meibomian gland) were assessed. Blink rate and interblink interval were measuredin situusing a wearable eye-tracking headset (Pupil Labs GmbH, Germany). Associations between blinking, ocular surface, age, and digital device use (bivariate and partial correlations) and between automated and manually counted blink rate (Bland & Altman) were examined.

Results

Mean blink rate and interblink interval were 20.5±10.5 blinks/min and 2.9±1.9 s during conversation. There was no difference between automated and manual blink rate (p=0.78) and no relationship between blinking and digital device use, age or sex. Mean group symptoms were within normal range and not associated with clinical measurements including blinking. Greater tear volume was associated with a faster blink rate (r=0.46, p=0.001) and shorter interblink interval (r=−0.36, p=0.02). Older age was associated with improved tear volume (r=0.37, p=0.01) and stability (r=0.38, p=0.01).

Conclusions

Blinking characterisedin situwas not impacted by age or habitual digital device use. A faster blink rate was associated with greater tear volume but not symptoms. Improved tear function was found with age suggesting that the ocular surface continues to develop through childhood.
How do patients make decisions in the context of a multidisciplinary team: an ethnographic study of four head and neck cancer centres in the north of England
Authors: Hamilton David Winston , Heaven Benjamin , Thomson Richard , Wilson Janet , Exley Catherine
Published: August 2022

Objectives

To describe how patients are engaged with cancer decisions in the context of multidisciplinary team (MDT) and how MDT recommendations are operationalised in the context of a shared decision.

Design

Ethnographic qualitative study.

Setting

Four head and neck cancer centres in the north of England.

Participants

Patients with a diagnosis of new or recurrent head and neck cancer; non-participant observation of 35 MDT meetings and 37 MDT clinics, informal interviews, and formal, semistructured interviews with 20 patients and 9 MDT staff members.

Methods

Ethnographic methods including non-participant observation of MDT meetings and clinic appointments, informal interviews, field notes and formal semistructured interviews with patients and MDT members.

Results

MDT discussions often conclude with a firm recommendation for treatment. When delivered to a patient in clinic, this recommendation is often accepted by the patient, but this response may result from the disempowered position in which they find themselves. While patient behaviour may thus appear to endorse clinicians’ views that a paternalistic approach is desired by patients (creating a ‘cycle of paternalism’), the rigidity of the MDT treatment recommendation can act as a barrier to discussion of options and the exploration of patient values.

Conclusions

The current model of MDT decision-making does not support shared decision-making and may actively undermine it. A model should be developed whereby the individual patient perspective has more input into MDT discussions, and where decisions are made on potential treatment options rather than providing a single recommendation for discussion with the patient. Deeper consideration should be given to how the MDT incorporates the patient perspective and/or delivers its discussion of options to the patient. In order to achieve these objectives, a new model of MDT working is required.
Use of intraoperative haemostatic checklists on blood management in patients undergoing cardiac surgery: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Irabor Biobelemoye Ebehireme , Kothari Asha , Hong Jonathan , Burnette-Chiang Bronte , Kent David , Duhamel Todd , Arora Rakesh C
Published: August 2022

Introduction

A major complication of cardiac surgery is bleeding which can require surgical re-exploration and the transfusion of allogeneic blood products. Re-operative procedures for bleeding have been associated with higher rates of mortality and morbidity, therefore an intervention to reduce this complication would be important. Previous investigation has demonstrated that low-cost solutions, such as the use of an intraoperative haemostatic checklist may result in the reduction of bleeding and subsequent transfusion. The goals of this scoping review aim to assess the efficacy of the use of intraoperative haemostatic checklists on blood management in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Specifically, the objective is to understand if the use of intraoperative haemostatic checklists has been associated with a reduction in bleeding and blood product utilisation in patients undergoing non-emergent cardiac surgery.

Methods and analysis

A scoping review of literature identifying randomised control and observational trials, reporting on haemostatic checklists in cardiac surgery, will be undertaken. The proposed review will be guided by the methodological framework proposed by Arksey and O’Malley. A search will be conducted for published and unpublished (grey) literature. Published literature will be searched in the following electronic databases: Scopus, MEDLINE, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library. Relevant grey literature will be identified through conference abstracts. Outcomes chosen are patient centred to ensure reduced bleeding and overall positive experience that reduces complications intraoperatively.

Ethics and dissemination

This study does not require ethical approval as the data used are from available publications. Our dissemination strategy includes peer-review publication, presentation at conferences and relevant stakeholders.
Suicide theory-guided natural language processing of clinical progress notes to improve prediction of veteran suicide risk: protocol for a mixed-method study
Authors: Meerwijk Esther Lydia , Tamang Suzanne R , Finlay Andrea K , Ilgen Mark A , Reeves Ruth M , Harris Alex H S
Published: August 2022

Introduction

The state-of-the-art 3-step Theory of Suicide (3ST) describes why people consider suicide and who will act on their suicidal thoughts and attempt suicide. The central concepts of 3ST—psychological pain, hopelessness, connectedness, and capacity for suicide—are among the most important drivers of suicidal behaviour but they are missing from clinical suicide risk prediction models in use at the US Veterans Health Administration (VHA). These four concepts are not systematically recorded in structured fields of VHA’s electronic healthcare records. Therefore, this study will develop a domain-specific ontology that will enable automated extraction of these concepts from clinical progress notes using natural language processing (NLP), and test whether NLP-based predictors for these concepts improve accuracy of existing VHA suicide risk prediction models.

Methods and analysis

Our mixed-method study has an exploratory sequential design where a qualitative component (aim 1) will inform quantitative analyses (aims 2 and 3). For aim 1, subject matter experts will manually annotate progress notes of clinical encounters with veterans who attempted or died by suicide to develop a domain-specific ontology for the 3ST concepts. During aim 2, we will use NLP to machine-annotate clinical progress notes and derive longitudinal representations for each patient with respect to the presence and intensity of hopelessness, psychological pain, connectedness and capacity for suicide in temporal proximity of suicide attempts and deaths by suicide. These longitudinal representations will be evaluated during aim 3 for their ability to improve existing VHA prediction models of suicide and suicide attempts, STORM (Stratification Tool for Opioid Risk Mitigation) and REACHVET (Recovery Engagement and Coordination for Health - Veterans Enhanced Treatment).

Ethics and dissemination

Ethics approval for this study was granted by the Stanford University Institutional Review Board and the Research and Development Committee of the VA Palo Alto Health Care System. Results of the study will be disseminated through several outlets, including peer-reviewed publications and presentations at national conferences.
Endovascular treatment for acute ischemic stroke in patients with tandem lesion in the anterior circulation: analysis from the METRICS study
Authors: Sanak Daniel , Kocher Martin , Zapletalova Jana , Cihlar Filip , Czerny Daniel , Cernik David , Duras Petr , Fiksa Jan , Husty Jakub , Jurak Lubomir , Kovar Martin , Lacman Jiri , Padr Radek , Prochazka Pavel , Raupach Jan , Reiser Martin , Rohan Vladimir , Roubec Martin , Sova Jindrich , Sercl Miroslav , Skorna Miroslav , Simunek Libor , Snajdrova Alena , Sramek Martin , Tomek Ales
Published: August 2022

Background

Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) due to anterior circulation tandem lesion (TL) remains a technical and clinical challenge for endovascular treatment (EVT). Conflicting results from observational studies and missing evidence from the randomized trials led us to report a recent real-world multicenter clinical experience and evaluate possible predictors of good outcome after EVT.

Methods

We analyzed all AIS patients with TL enrolled in the prospective national study METRICS (Mechanical Thrombectomy Quality Indicators Study in Czech Stroke Centers). A good 3-month clinical outcome was scored as 0–2 points in modified Rankin Scale (mRS), achieved recanalization using the Thrombolysis In Cerebral Infarction (TICI) scale and symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (sICH) according to the Safe Implementation of Thrombolysis in Stroke-Monitoring Study (SITS-MOST) criteria.

Results

Of 1178 patients enrolled in METRICS, 194 (19.2%) (59.8% males, mean age 68.7±11.5 years) were treated for TL. They did not differ in mRS 0–2 (48.7% vs 46.7%; p=0.616), mortality (17.3% vs 22.7%; p=0.103) and sICH (4.7% vs 5.1%; p=0.809) from those with single occlusion (SO). More TL patients with prior intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) reached TICI 3 (70.3% vs 50.8%; p=0.012) and mRS 0–2 (55.4% vs 34.4%; p=0.007) than those without IVT. No difference was found in the rate of sICH (6.2% vs 1.6%; p=0.276). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed prior IVT as a predictor of mRS 0–2 after adjustment for potential confounders (OR 3.818, 95% CI 1.614 to 9.030, p=0.002).

Conclusion

Patients with TL did not differ from those with SO in outcomes after EVT. TL patients with prior IVT had more complete recanalization and mRS 0–2 and IVT was found to be a predictor of good outcome after EVT.
COManeci MechANical Dilation for vasospasm (COMMAND): multicenter experience
Authors: Salem Mohamed M , Khalife Jane , Desai Sohum , Sharashidze Vera , Badger Clint , Kuhn Anna L , Monteiro Andre , Salahuddin Hisham , Siddiqui Adnan H , Singh Jasmeet , Levy Elad I , Lang Michael , Grandhi Ramesh , Thomas Ajith J , Lin Li-Mei , Tanweer Omar , Burkhardt Jan-Karl , Puri Ajit S , Gross Bradley A , Nossek Erez , Hassan Ameer E , Shaikh Hamza A , Jankowitz Brian T
Published: August 2022

Background

We report the largest multicenter experience to date of utilizing the Comaneci device for endovascular treatment of refractory intracranial vasospasm.

Methods

Consecutive patients undergoing Comaneci mechanical dilatation for vasospasm were extracted from prospectively maintained registries in 11 North American centers (2020–2022). Intra-arterial vasodilators (IAV) were allowed, with the Comaneci device utilized after absence of vessel dilation post-infusion. Pre- and post-vasospasm treatment scores were recorded for each segment, with primary radiological outcome of score improvement post-treatment. Primary clinical outcome was safety/device-related complications, with secondary endpoints of functional outcomes at last follow-up.

Results

A total of 129 vessels in 40 patients (median age 52 years; 67.5% females) received mechanical dilation, 109 of which (84.5%) exhibited pre-treatment severe-to-critical vasospasm (ie, score 3/4). Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage was the most common etiology of vasospasm (85%), with 65% of procedures utilizing Comaneci-17 (92.5% of patients received IAV). The most treated segments were anterior cerebral artery (34.9%) and middle cerebral artery (31%). Significant vasospasm drop (pre-treatment score (3–4) to post-treatment (0–2)) was achieved in 89.9% of vessels (96.1% of vessels experienced ≥1-point drop in score post-treatment). There were no major procedural/post-procedural device-related complications. Primary failure (ie, vessel unresponsive) was encountered in one vessel (1 patient) (1/129; 0.8%) while secondary failure (ie, recurrence in previously treated segment requiring retreatment in another procedure) occurred in 16 vessels (7 patients) (16/129; 12.4%), with median time-to-retreatment of 2 days. Favorable clinical outcome (modified Rankin Scale 0–2) was noted in 51.5% of patients (median follow-up 6 months).

Conclusions

The Comaneci device provides a complementary strategy for treatment of refractory vasospasm with reasonable efficacy/favorable safety. Future prospective trials are warranted.
High-frequency optical coherence tomography predictors of aneurysm occlusion following flow diverter treatment in a preclinical model
Authors: King Robert M , Peker Ahmet , Anagnostakou Vania , Raskett Christopher M , Arends Jennifer M , Dixit Harish G , Ughi Giovanni J , Puri Ajit S , Gounis Matthew J , Shazeeb Mohammed Salman
Published: August 2022

Background

High-frequency optical coherence tomography (HF-OCT) is an intravascular imaging method that allows for volumetric imaging of flow diverters in vivo.

Objective

To examine the hypothesis that a threshold for both volume and area of communicating malapposition can be predictive of early aneurysm occlusion.

Methods

Fifty-two rabbits underwent elastase aneurysm formation, followed by treatment with a flow diverter. At the time of implant, HF-OCT was acquired to study the rate and degree of communicating malapposition. Treated aneurysms were allowed to heal for either 90 or 180 days and euthanized following catheter angiography. Healing was dichotomized into aneurysm remnant or neck remnant/complete occlusion. Communicating malapposition was measured by HF-OCT using a semi-automatic algorithm able to detect any points where the flow diverter was more than 50 µm from the vessel wall. This was then summed across image slices to either a volume or area. Finally, a subsampled population was used to train a statistical classifier for the larger dataset.

Results

No difference in occlusion rate was found between device type or follow-up time (p=0.28 and p=0.67, respectively). Both volume and area of malapposition were significantly lower in aneurysms with a good outcome (p<0.001, both). From the statistical model, a volume of less than 0.56 mm3or a normalized area less than 0.69 as quantified by HF-OCT was predictive of occlusion (p<0.001, each).

Conclusions

HF-OCT allows for measurements of both volume and area of malapposition and, from these measurements, an accurate prediction for early aneurysm occlusion can be made.
Homoleptic 1-norbornyl complexes of group 4 and manganese: synthesis, structures, volatility, and thermal stability
Authors: Yu Ya-Dong , Price Jeffrey S. , Romero Patricio E. , Emslie David J. H.
Published: August 2022

Detailed syntheses are reported for the previously reported homoleptic 1-norbornyl complexes [M(norb)4] {M = Ti (1), Zr (3), Hf (4), and Mn (5)}. These compounds were characterized by combustion elemental analysis, NMR spectroscopy, single crystal X-ray diffraction (for 1 and 3), and SQUID magnetometry (for 5). The reaction by-product [{(norb)3Ti}2(μ-O)] (2) was also spectroscopically and structurally characterized. To assess the potential viability of 1 and 3–5 as precursors for thin film deposition by CVD or ALD, their volatility and thermal stability were evaluated by sublimation, thermogravimetric analysis, and in the case of 4, bulk thermolysis.
Rigid body with rotors and reduction by stages
Authors: Berbel Miguel Á. , Castrillón López Marco
Published: August 2022

Rigid body with rotors is a widespread mechanical system modeled after the direct product [Formula: see text], which under mild assumptions is the symmetry group of the system. In this paper, the authors present and compare different Lagrangian reduction procedures: Euler–Poincaré reduction by the whole group and reduction by stages in different orders or using different connections. The exposition keeps track of the equivalence of equations as well as corresponding conservation laws.
A space-time spectral approximation for solving nonlinear variable-order fractional convection-diffusion equations with nonsmooth solutions
Authors: Amin A. Z. , Abdelkawy M. A. , Hashim I.
Published: August 2022

One of the problems in the numerical analysis of solutions is the nonlinear variable-order fractional convection-diffusion equations for nonsmooth solutions. We offer a numerical technique based on the shifted Legendre Gauss-Lobatto collocation and the shifted Chebyshev Gauss-Radau collocation to solve the problem. The technique with shifted Legendre Gauss-Lobatto and shifted Chebyshev Gauss-Radau nodes is applied to diminish nonlinear variable-order fractional convection-diffusion equations to an easily-solvable system of algebraic equations. Besides, we give numerical test examples to show that the approach can preserve the nonsmooth solution of the underlying problems.
A hybrid approach of gravitational search algorithm and ant miner plus for fingerprint recognition
Authors: Kumar Mahesh , Kumar Devender
Published: August 2022

The gravitational search algorithm (GSA) is an eminent heuristic algorithm inspired by the laws of gravity and motion. It possesses an independent physical model in which the mass agents are guided by gravitational force to quickly achieve the convergence. Although the GSA is proven to be efficient for science and engineering problems, the mass agents can be trapped in premature convergence due to the heaviness of masses in the later iterations. The occurrence of premature convergence impedes the agents’ further exploration of the search space for a better solution. Here, the ant miner plus (AMP) variant of the ant colony optimization (ACO) algorithm is utilized to avoid the trapping of agents in local optima. The AMP algorithm extends the exploration ability of the GSA algorithm by using the attributes of pheromone updating rules generated by best ants and a problem-dependent heuristic function. The AMP variant adheres to the attributes of the ACO algorithm and is also a decision-making variant which determines the problem solution more efficiently by constructing a directed acyclic graph, considering class-specific heuristic values, and including weight parameters for the pheromone and heuristic values. In this research, this hybridization of GSA and AMP (GSAMP) algorithms is presented, and it is utilized for the decision-making application of fingerprint recognition. Here, fingerprint recognition is conducted for complete as well as latent fingerprints, which are poor quality partial fingerprints, mostly acquired from crime scenes by law enforcement agencies. The experiments are performed for the complete fingerprint dataset of FVC2004 and the latent fingerprint dataset of NIST SD27, using the proposed GSAMP approach and the individual algorithms of Ant Miner (AM) and AMP. The experimental evaluation indicates the superiority of the proposed approach compared to other methods.
Quantum cosmology for double scalar field cosmological model: Symmetry analysis
Authors: Bhaumik Roshni , Dutta Sourav , Chakraborty Subenoy
Published: August 2022

The present cosmological model consists of two scalar fields which are minimally coupled to gravity and having a mixed kinetic term. In the background of homogeneous and isotropic FLRW space–time the present model is characterized by the coupling function and the potential function which are functions of one of the scalar fields. Using symmetries of the 3D augmented space, homothetic and killing vectors are determined. Finally, quantum cosmology has been formulated for the present model and the wave function of the universe has been evaluated.
Spectral response of apodized fiber Bragg gratings as strain and temperature sensor
Authors: Raja Shekar P. V. , Latha D. Madhavi , Kumari Kusum , Raju G.
Published: August 2022

In this paper, the spectral response of uniform and apodized (Gaussian, hyperbolic tangent, apod1, sine, and raised sine) FBGs is analyzed for sensing applications. The reflectivity at Bragg wavelength as well as for sidelobes was assessed as a function of grating length and apodization profiles. The FBG strain and temperature sensors were simulated and a linear response between applied strain or temperature and the wavelength shift is observed. The results indicate that the sensitivity of the sensor is found to be affected both by the grating length and apodization type. The typical strain and thermal sensitivity values are 1.223 pm/[Formula: see text] and 13.60 pm/[Formula: see text]C, respectively. The results suggest that Gaussian, sine, and raised sine profiles have lower sidelobe strength and reliable sensitivities. The key finding from this study specifies that the ideal grating length must be preferably between 5 and 10 mm for a good sensing behavior.
A Switched Capacitor-Based Multilevel Boost Inverter for Photovoltaic Applications
Authors: Hemanth Kumar B. , Prabhu S. , Janardhan K. , Arun V. , Vivekanandan S.
Published: August 2022

In this paper, a single-phase 13-level switching capacitor multilevel boost inverter (SCMLBI) with less switches and a voltage boost gain of six times is presented. The main focus of this work is to present a single DC source SCMLBI topology, which can provide an AC output voltage with low harmonic distortion by suitable sinusoidal pulse modulation (SPWM) technique. The given SCMLBI boost topology is designed to provide 13 output voltage levels utilizing a single DC source and 14 power electronic switches, and it includes intrinsic capacitor self-voltage balancing. The presented SCMLBI inverter does not require any magnetic elements like inductors which do not make the system complex in IC fabrication. In this work, the DC source is provided with a solar PV array with maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm. The proposed SCMLBI topology provides an output voltage larger than the input voltage by appropriately converting the capacitors in series and parallel combinations. Sinusoidal PWM technique is used to control the switches in SCMLBI. A solar PV array of 100 W with incremental and conductance MPPT algorithm is used in this work. The verification of the presented SCMLBI topology is simulated on MATLAB software. Hardware results are also presented for the validation of SCMLBI topology.
AHDNN: Attention-Enabled Hierarchical Deep Neural Network Framework for Enhancing Security of Connected and Autonomous Vehicles
Authors: Gupta Koyel Datta , Sharma Deepak Kumar , Dwivedi Rinky , Srivastava Gautam
Published: August 2022

The usage of the Internet of Things (IoT) in the field of transportation appears to have immense potential. Intelligent vehicle systems can exchange seamless information to assist cars to ensure better traffic control and road safety. The dynamic topology of this network, connecting a large number of vehicles, makes it vulnerable to several threats like authentication, data integrity, confidentiality, etc. These threats jeopardize the safety of vehicles, riders, and the entire system. Researchers are developing several approaches to combat security threats in connected and autonomous vehicles. Artificial Intelligence is being used by both scientists and hackers for protecting and attacking the networks, respectively. Nevertheless, wirelessly coupled cars on the network are in constant peril. This motivated us to develop an intrusion detection model that can be run in low-end devices with low processing and memory capacity and can prevent security threats and protect the connected vehicle network. This research paper presents an Attention-enabled Hierarchical Deep Neural Network (AHDNN) as a solution to detect intrusion and ensure autonomous vehicles’ security both at the nodes and at the network level. The proposed AHDNN framework has a very low false negative rate of 0.012 ensuring a very low rate of missing an intrusion in normal communication. This enables enhanced security in vehicular networks.
Ultrasound Kidney Images with IKNN-Dependent FPGA Abnormality Classification
Authors: Vinoth R. , Sasireka R.
Published: August 2022

Ultrasound imaging is commonly used to diagnose internal anomalies. Imaging for abnormality detection is a challenging process in today’s world. Even though there is an advancement in technology, tele-radiographers face difficulty in the accurate diagnosis of abnormalities. In order to resolve this issue, tele-radiology has paved a new way for doctors around the world to access the Internet to share the radiological images from one location to another. But frequent online access is one of the bottleneck issues. In order to overcome this drawback, Computer Assisted Diagnosis (CAD) is preferred in this proposed study and it uses VIRTEX-6 FPGA to clearly identify abnormality in the platform and also manual control is minimized in this condition. The proposed algorithm includes five steps: pre-processing, segmentation, feature extraction, selection and classification. The classification is performed using the Iterative K-Nearest Neighbor (IKNN) classifier based on the selected features. Unlike popular KNN, the proposed IKNN algorithm performs the similarity measurement on selective neighbors for a number of times where the number of neighbors has been dynamically selected at each iteration. Also, at each iteration, the method would select a subset of features in a random way. For the features selected and with the neighbors selected, the method computes the similarity value of Hist-sim which is being measured according to the features selected from the histogram features where the method computes the Haralick similarity with the features selected from the Haralick features. Using the features selected, the method computes the value of cumulative class drive similarity (CCDS). At each iteration the class with maximum similarity is selected and finally, the class being selected for the most number of times is selected as a result of classification. This improves the performance of classification. While comparing with the existing algorithms such as Support Vector Machine (SVM) with the linear, Radial Basis Function (RBF) and polynomial kernels, greater accuracy is achieved via IKNN classification. The specificity is found to be 95, 80 and 75 for normal, cystic and stone kidneys.
Alternative SIAR models for infectious diseases and applications in the study of non-compliance
Authors: Bongarti Marcelo , Galvan Luke Diego , Hatcher Lawford , Lindstrom Michael R. , Parkinson Christian , Wang Chuntian , Bertozzi Andrea L.
Published: August 2022

In this paper, we use modified versions of the SIAR model for epidemics to propose two ways of understanding and quantifying the effect of non-compliance to non-pharmaceutical intervention measures on the spread of an infectious disease. The SIAR model distinguishes between symptomatic infected (I) and asymptomatic infected (A) populations. One modification, which is simpler, assumes a known proportion of the population does not comply with government mandates such as quarantining and social-distancing. In a more sophisticated approach, the modified model treats non-compliant behavior as a social contagion. We theoretically explore different scenarios such as the occurrence of multiple waves of infections. Local and asymptotic analyses for both models are also provided.
Bell’s nonlocality and gravity
Authors: Bonder Yuri , Morales Johas D.
Published: August 2022

The experimental results that test Bell’s inequality have found strong evidence suggesting that there are nonlocal aspects in nature. Evidently, these nonlocal effects, which concern spacelike separated regions, create an enormous tension between general relativity and quantum mechanics. In addition, by avoiding the coincidence limit, semiclassical gravity can also accommodate nonlocal aspects. Motivated by these results, we study if it is possible to construct geometrical theories of gravitation that are nonlocal in the sense of Bell. We propose three constructions of such theories, which could constitute an important step towards our understanding of the interplay between quantum mechanics and gravitation.
NETWORK ANALYSIS OF THE KYIV BYLYNY CYCLE — EAST SLAVIC EPIC NARRATIVES
Authors: SARKANYCH PETRO , FEDORAK NAZAR , HOLOVATCH YURIJ , MACCARRON PÁDRAIG , YOSE JOSEPH , KENNA RALPH
Published: August 2022

In recent times, the advent of network science permitted new quantitative approaches to literary studies. Here, we bring the Kyiv bylyny cycle into the field — East Slavic epic narratives originating in modern-day Ukraine. By comparing them to other prominent European epics, we identify universal and distinguishing properties of the social networks in bylyny. We analyze community structures and rank most important characters. The method allows to bolster hypotheses from humanities literature — such as the position of Prince Volodymyr — and to generate new ones. We show how the Kyiv cycle of bylyny fits very well with narrative networks from other nations — especially heroic ones. We anticipate that, besides delivering new narratological insights, this study will aid future scholars and interested public to navigate their way through Ukraine’s epic story and identify its heroes.
Chemically Synthesized ZnO Thin Film Electrode for Supercapacitor Application
Authors: Ralegankar S. D. , Jasud V. S. , Mandlik S. B. , More P. D.
Published: August 2022

In this paper, we synthesized zinc oxide (ZnO) thin film by using a cost effective chemical bath deposition technique (CBD) at 90∘C. The as-deposited ZnO films exhibited polycrystalline in nature. The FESEM image shows growth of nanorods about 0.2[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]m length. The Raman spectrum was recorded using frequency of 532[Formula: see text]nm with excited line Nd-YAG laser. The optical band gap of ZnO thin film obtained 3.37[Formula: see text]eV. The value of RMS roughness is determined by atomic force microscopy (AFM), found to be 34[Formula: see text]nm. The supercapactive studies were determined in 2[Formula: see text]M[Formula: see text]KOH aqueous electrolyte by means of cyclic voltammetry and charge–discharge technique. ZnO exhibited maximum specific capacitance of ZnO 204[Formula: see text]F/g at the scan rate of 5[Formula: see text]mV/s.
Operations on Multi-Valued Neutrosophic Matrices and Its Application to Neutrosophic Simplified-TOPSIS Method
Authors: Jeni Seles Martina D. , Deepa G.
Published: August 2022

Neutrosophic matrices are more logical and feasible for the decision-makers, and they play a vital role in addressing multi-criteria decision making problems and dealing with indeterminacy. In this paper, we defined the multi-valued neutrosophic fuzzy matrix as well as its determinant, adjoint, and various operations. Under those operations, we defined several propositions. We prove that multi-valued neutrosophic matrices may not have to satisfy all of the properties of regular neutrosophic matrices but their application to multi-criteria decision-making problems is highly efficient. We introduced new linguistic variables for corresponding multi-valued neutrosophic numbers. The application of the proposed linguistic variable was numerically demonstrated by using the neutrosophic simplified-TOPSIS approach. The shown problem decides which sim card is best for the phone, which is evaluated by a team of decision-makers and the result is graphically displayed.
A Two-Sided Matching Decision-Making Approach with Correlative Criteria Under Probabilistic Linguistic Environment
Authors: Jia Xiang , Wang Liang , Wang Ying-Ming , Song Hui-Hui
Published: August 2022

Two-sided matching decision-making (TSMDM) problems widely exist in human being’s life. In practical TSMDM problems, subjects who are being matched with usually tend to provide linguistic evaluations for convenience. Owing to the fuzziness of decision-making environment, subjects may provide several linguistic terms associated with their probabilities as the evaluations, which can be described as the probabilistic linguistic term sets (PLTSs). To model such scenarios, this paper proposes a TSMDM approach with probabilistic linguistic evaluations. The probabilistic linguistic evaluations are firstly normalized with the preservation of ignored probabilities. The normalized evaluations are then aggregated into the comprehensive evaluations by using the defined Choquet integral-based probabilistic linguistic aggregation (CIPLA) operator. Thereafter, the satisfaction degrees of two sides of subjects are calculated based on the closeness coefficient in TOPSIS method. On the basis of this, a multi-objective TSMDM model aiming to maximize the comprehensive satisfaction degree is built and transformed into a single-objective TSMDM model considering the weights of two sides. To solve the single-objective TSMDM model is to determine the optimal matching result. An illustrative example of matching enterprises and knowledge-sender universities is introduced to validate the proposed approach and compare it with other existing TSMDM approaches. The results illustrate that the proposed approach can not only avoid information loss, but also effectively integrate PLTSs with correlative criteria.