bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ефективність управління освітнім процесом у сфері початкової освіти
Authors: Самойленко О. В.
Published: November 2024

У статті обґрунтовано актуальність проблеми управління освітнім процесом у закладі загальної середньої освіти, а саме вибору ефективних і дієвих підходів до управління освітнім процесом у сфері початкової освіти в сучасних умовах реформування освіти в Україні. На основі теоретичного аналізу визначено особливості управління освітнім процесом у закладі загальної середньої освіти. Особливу увагу приділено управлінській діяльності заступника директора з навчально-виховної роботи в сфері початкової освіти. Виділено об’єктивні протиріччя в сучасній практиці управління освітнім процесом у сфері початкової освіти. Проаналізовано сучасні тлумачення дефініцій «управління», «підходи до управління», «управління розвитком закладу освіти». Схарактеризовано найважливіші й актуальні для освітньої організації підходи з управління освітнім процесом у сфері початкової освіти з урахуванням особливостей І ступеня загальної середньої освіти. Обґрунтовано доцільність використання структурно-функціонального та системного підходів до управління освітнім процесом у сфері початкової освіти. Доведено, що ефективність діяльності заступника директора школи з управління освітнім процесом у сфері початкової освіти із використанням технологічного підходу полягає в: створенні єдиної технологічної системи управління, яка передбачає розробку та впровадження кращих практик і методів управління, створення стандартних операційних процедур, відповідних рекомендацій і форм, шаблонів для управлінців; проведення систематичного аналізу і систематизації досвіду; організацію спеціального навчання та забезпечення розвитку; використання сучасних інформаційних технологій управління освітнім процесом; впровадження системи моніторингу та коригування з метою регулярної оцінки ефективності впроваджених практик та технологій управління з подальшим коригуванням і вдосконаленням процесів. Важливим при цьому є обов’язкове врахування специфіки початкової освіти та змін у соціально-економічних умовах, що забезпечить ефективність і адаптивність управлінських практик.
Методи та засади формування сприятливого середовища для набуття м’яких навичок у студентів вищих навчальних закладів
Authors: Циганчук М. О.
Published: November 2024

Статтю присвячено визначенню та систематизації принципових теоретичних засад та методів формування такого освітнього середовища, яке б сприяло формуванню м’яких навичок у здобувачів вищої освіти. Для досягнення поставленої мети використано методи теоретичного аналізу, систематизації, порівняння та узагальнення. Актуальність цієї наукової проблематики зумовлена тим, що освітнє середовище виступає максимально придатною основою для розвитку життєво важливих компетенцій здобувачів освіти, а ефективне формування м’яких навичок у студентів вищих закладів освіти є ключовим чинником їхньої конкурентоспроможності на ринку праці та успішності в житті. У результаті здійсненого теоретичного аналізу виділено ряд засадничих положень, виражених у конкретних принципах створення оптимального для розвитку м’яких навичок здобувачів вищої освіти освітнього середовища, а саме принципи динамічності, індивідуального підходу, суб’єкт-суб’єктної взаємодії викладачів та студентів, принцип взаємодії, реалізації колективних творчих справ, психологічної безпеки, активності та самостійності здобувача освіти, рефлексивності, зв’язку освітнього процесу з майбутньою професійною діяльністю та реальним життям. Визначено, що методом є конкретне інструментальне втілення того чи іншого засадничого положення, впорядкована сукупність алгоритмів використання засобів для досягнення певної мети. До кожного принципу було підібрано ряд методів, що дозволяють максимально повно реалізувати його засадничі положення: наприклад, інтерактивні методи навчання, методи проблемного навчання, партнерство з потенційними роботодавцями, волонтерська діяльність, участь у соціальних проєктах, участь у колективних творчих справах, впровадження інституту наставництва, метод надання конструктивного зворотного зв’язку тощо. Акцентовано увагу на тому, що спільною рисою підібраних методів створення оптимального для розвитку soft skills освітнього середовища є їх зорієнтованість на формування стресостійкості, комунікативних навичок, емоційного інтелекту та рефлексії серед здобувачів вищої освіти.
Інноваційні форми і методи роботи з педагогами у закладі дошкільної освіти
Authors: Аніщук А. М. , Лісовець О. В.
Published: November 2024

У статті розкрито сутність поняття «інновація», висвітлено аналіз інноваційних форм та методів роботи з педагогами у закладі дошкільної освіти. Подано аналіз наукової літератури з проблеми дослідження. Проаналізовано питання формування готовності педагогів до інноваційної діяльності в освітньому процесі у працях сучасних науковців та практиків. Наголошено на тому, що система методичної роботи в ЗДО має бути спрямована на створення професійно-особистісної зони успіху кожного педагога, на підвищення рівня мотивації до саморозвитку і творчості. Проаналізовано проблему підготовки вихователів до використання інноваційних форм та методів. Розглянуто та проаналізовано класифікацію форми методичної роботи: за способом організації (колективні, групові, індивідуальні), за рівнем активності учасників (пасивні, активні, інтерактивні). Детально проаналізовано конкретні інноваційні форми методичної роботи з педагогами ЗДО (майстер-клас, тренінг, методичний фестиваль, вебінар, інтернет-конференція, веб-конференція, форум, методичний кешинг, айстопер, інформаційний коктейль, коворкінг, флешбек) та методи (тьюторство, коучинг, кейс-метод (сase-study), метод проектів, колегіальне навчання, «синтез думок», «методичний діалог», менторинг, метод рефлексії). Визначено низку інноваційних форм методичної роботи для подальшої перспективи наукового дослідження
Історичний аспект проблеми вивчення фольклору студентами – майбутніми вчителями початкової школи у процесі підготовки до проведення уроків літературного читання
Authors: Гордієнко О. А.
Published: November 2024

Нові завдання, що стоять перед системою освіти, вимагають новітніх підходів до проведення уроків літературного читання, де важливе місце відводиться усній народній творчості. Проблема вивчення творів усної народної творчості є досить актуальною та недостатньо вивченою, особливо в історичному аспекті. Вона набуває особливої актуальності у зв’язку з розглядом проблеми всебічного розвитку особистості, зокрема, в новій українській школі. Мета статті – аналітичний огляд, синтез та узагальнення проблеми вивчення фольклору в історичному аспекті, що є особливо актуальним для сучасної методики у контексті підготовки вчителя до викладання літературного читання в початкових класах. Адже вивчення та творче переосмислення ідей мислителів минулого може виступити одним із джерел для духовного відродження України. Основні завдання: аналітичний огляд, синтез, теоретичне узагальнення проблеми історичного контексту вивчення фольклору, що актуально для опанування методики викладання його студентами-майбутніми вчителями початкової школи на уроках літературного читання. У процесі виконання поставлених завдань використовувалися теоретичні методи дослідження: аналіз і синтез історичних і методичних джерел із проблеми дослідження; метод теоретичного прогнозування для визначення об’єкта, предмета, мети і завдань дослідження. Наукова новизна: вперше детально проаналізовано та узагальнено вивчення усної народної творчості в історичному аспекті. Практична значимість: коротко узагальнено отримані результати, рекомендовано впровадити у навчальний процес підготовки майбутніх вчителів початкових класів матеріали з історії вивчення фольклору в Україні. Матеріали статті можуть бути використані для вдосконалення методики вивчення фольклору як складової системи підготовки майбутніх спеціалістів гуманітарного та мистецького профілів. Проведене дослідження не вичерпує всіх аспектів проблеми. Зокрема, потребують подальших досліджень проблема підготовки студентів – майбутніх учителів початко[1]вих класів до проведення аналізу творів усної народної творчості.
Формування методичної компетентності майбутніх викладачів вокальних дисциплін як детермінанта успішної педагогічної діяльності
Authors: Йотка Я. М.
Published: November 2024

У даній статті розглядається актуальна проблема формування методичної компетентності майбутніх викладачів вокальних дисциплін як важливої передумови для досягнення успішної педагогічної діяльності. Визначаються ключові аспекти цієї компетентності, зокрема професійно-педагогічні знання, психолого-педагогічні уміння та навички, а також професійний досвід. Висвітлено важливість кожної з цих складових, підкреслено, що їх інтеграція сприяє якісному організації навчального процесу. В статті розкрита сутність методичної компетентності, вказана на її роль у формуванні глибокого розуміння норма[1]тивних аспектів музичної освіти та здатності до ефективного застосування різноманітних методів навчання. Наголошено та тому, що в освітньому процесі методична компетентність виступає як невід’ємна складова професійної майстерності педагога, що відіграє важливу роль у виконанні його педагогічних завдань. Це поняття охоплює широкий спектр знань, вмінь, практичних навичок та методологічних підходів, які сприяють ефективній організації та здійсненню навчально-виховного процесу, удосконаленню методики викладання і досягненню високих результатів у навчанні й вихованні. Значущість професійного досвіду в контексті розвитку методичної компетентності відзначається через його вплив на власну самоосвіту та підвищення професійної майстерності. Узагальнено, що методична компетентність викладача вокальних дисциплін є ключовим чинником у досягненні високої якості педагогічної діяльності. Ця компетентність передбачає вміння застосовувати знання на практиці для навчання студентів. Складові методичної компетентності – професійно-педагогічні знання, психолого-педагогічні уміння, професійний досвід – взаємодіють, сприяючи якісному навчальному процесу та вимагають системного формування та адаптації методичного підходу до різних аудиторій для забезпечення якісної музичної освіти.
A Comparative Analysis of the Effects of Price Instability and Output Volatility on Economic Growth
Authors: Nadeem Nadeem , Rehman Aisha , Malik Wasim Shahid
Published: November 2024

Historical data indicate that the relationship between inflation and output does not align closely with the Philips curve's implications. Since the late 1980s, monetary policy has prioritized price stability as a key component of sustainable long-term economic growth. This emphasis reflects policymakers' assumption that output volatility poses less risk to long-term growth than inflation volatility, though this assumption lacks empirical support in the literature. To address this gap, this study investigates the impact of inflation and output volatility on economic growth by analyzing panel data from 1990 to 2020 across 68 countries. Fixed Effect Models are employed to account for country-specific, time-invariant factors that may influence the relationship between volatilities and growth. The findings reveal a significant negative impact of output volatility on economic growth, even when inflation volatility is accounted for, suggesting that policymakers should consider output volatility alongside price stability to support sustained economic growth.
Subjective Truth and The Leap of Faith: A Textual Analysis of Updike’s Terrorist
Authors: Khan Ghulam Zakaria , Kamran Umaima
Published: November 2024

Kierkegaard’s existential theory that an individual with faith truly exists correspond to his idea of subjective truth that prompts the individual to take leap of faith. The current paper explores the treatment of truth in Updike’s Terrorist from theoretical perspective of Kierkegaard’s concept of subjective truth. After conducting textual analysis of the novel, we have come to understand that the higher truth is subjective and functions in an individual in such a way that he is ready to live or die for it. We also found out that passionate inwardness and commitment with the truth is necessary and truth develops with the passage of time according to the turn of events in the life of an individual, the way it happened in the life of Ahmad. Updike’s treatment of truth and its reshaping with the realization and understanding of Ahmad is tantamount in understanding how Kierkegaard is still relevant today.
Use of a percutaneous bone fiducial screw for elevating simple closed depressed skull fractures: illustrative cases
Authors: Chiu Lucinda , Scoville Jonathan , Hoeman Erin M. , Raskin Jeffrey S. , Lam Sandi
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND

Depressed skull fractures in infants often present as “ping-pong ball” fractures with inward buckling of the calvarium, secondary to trauma. Management varies widely, and few concrete guidelines exist in the literature to guide decision-making when choosing a methodology for fracture elevation. The authors present two cases of attempted depressed skull fracture elevation with traction on a percutaneously placed bone fiducial screw, followed by a review of the literature, in order to further investigate the factors considered when selecting an intervention.

OBSERVATIONS

An 8-month-old female and a 10-month-old male presented with a right parietal depressed skull fracture. Both underwent attempted fracture elevation with a self-tapping screw anchored into the skull. The authors directly elevated the fracture with the screw technique in the 8-month-old female patient. The 10-month-old male had persistent depressed skull deformity; thus, the authors extended the incision for a standard craniotomy for depressed skull fracture elevation.

LESSONS

Percutaneous screw placement may be considered an option in the spectrum of treatment strategies for select patients with depressed skull fractures. Consideration of patient age, skull thickness, and depth of skull fracture can assist with the choice of treatment strategy and the preoperative prediction of the likelihood of fracture elevation success with this technique.

https://thejns.org/doi/10.3171/CASE23742
MORPHOFUNCTIONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE TESTES IN YOUNG SEXUALLY MATURE RATS FOLLOWING PRENATAL EXPOSURE TO LOW-LEVEL ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION
Authors: Denysenko Svitlana , Gubina-Vakulick Galina , Bachynskyi Ruslan
Published: November 2024

The aim of this study is to investigate the functional and morphological characteristics of the testes in young sexually mature rats exposed to low-intensity centimeter-range electromagnetic radiation during the intrauterine period (within the “mother-fetus” system).
Materials and methods. Intrauterine exposure to electromagnetic radiation was simulated using a high-frequency generator G4-190-3/1, equipped with a P-6-23A radiating antenna. To evaluate the reproductive system, a morphological examination of the testes and measurement of blood testosterone levels were performed. Morphometric methods were employed to quantify histological findings. The area of Leydig cell nuclei was measured, and the optical density of stromal connective tissue was assessed using the PAS reaction. The proliferative activity of spermatogenic epithelium cells was determined through an immunohistochemical reaction to the Ki-67 antigen.
Results. In this experiment, the consequences of intrauterine damage to the testicles of male offspring were observed. We can presume that there is not only intrauterine damage, which may undergo regeneration later in life, but also the formation of epigenetic changes of regulatory factors that affect the expression of genes determining the morphofunctional state of the spermatogenic epithelium. Epigenetic changes developed during intrauterine period can manifest throughout the offspring’s lifetime after birth.
Conclusions. Functional and morphological changes were found in the testes of sexually mature young males, offspring of mothers exposed to low-intensity centimeter-level electromagnetic fields during pregnancy. Hypoplastic changes in the testicles, a decrease in the proliferative potential of the spermatogenic epithelium were revealed. Hormonal stimulation of spermatogenesis (hypertestosteronemia and an increase in the number of Leydig cells and the size of their nuclei) obviously have a compensatory nature. The obtained results provide the basis for large epidemiological studies with the involvement of a wide range of specialists in both medical and technical specialties.
STRUCTURE AND CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SECOND MODULE IN THE "INDIVIDUAL RESEARCH WORK" COURSE (“MEDICINE” PROGRAM)
Authors: Akimov O. Ye. , Mischenko A.V. , Solovyova N.V. , Nazarenko S.M. , Kostenko V.O.
Published: November 2024

Providing access to quality education is one of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) set by the United Nations to be achieved by 2030 (Goal №4: Quality Education – “Ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all”). The unique aspect of higher medical education is that its quality also supports the fulfillment of another SDG (Goal №3: Good Health and Well-being). Higher medical education is dynamic, with a growing global trend toward increasing the emphasis on scientific knowledge within educational programs. In leading countries, courses are being developed that actively incorporate the study of research methods in medicine. The introduction of new educational components aimed at developing scientific competencies in medical students represents a promising approach to improving the quality of education.
The aim of this study was to analyze and characterize the structure of the second module in the course “Individual Scientific Work” within the educational and professional program “Medicine”.
In preparing the manuscript, the authors employed the following general scientific theoretical research methods: analysis, synthesis, concept comparison, abstraction, and generalization.
The primary goal of studying Module №2, “Methods of Researching Pathological Changes in Organs and Systems”, as part of the “Individual Scientific Work” in the educational and professional program “Medicine”, is to develop students’ skills in the methodology of conducting medical research. The thematic plan for Module №2 includes the following topics: Methods of registering functional changes in organs and systems; Methods of researching metabolic disorders; Methods of studying the development of oxidative stress in various organs and systems; Study of changes in the production and signaling of gas transmitters, including nitric oxide, hydrogen sulfide, and carbon monoxide.
In conclusion, it should be noted that the structure and content of the second module of the course “Individual Scientific Work” in the context of professional program “Medicine”, developed by the Department of Pathophysiology at Poltava State Medical University, align with the requirements of modern higher medical education.
THE POTENTIAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN MEDICINE
Authors: Boychenko O.M. , Bublii T.D.
Published: November 2024

This article analyzes the prospects for using artificial intelligence (AI) in the medical field. It highlights that AI has already become an integral part of modern life and is actively utilized in various countries, particularly in diagnosis, treatment, and disease prognosis. AI enhances diagnostic accuracy, accelerates treatment processes, and optimizes medical resources significantly.
Internationally, AI-based solutions are already widely implemented in countries like the USA, Japan, and China to improve healthcare services. These technologies allow doctors to process large amounts of data efficiently and perform complex procedures with reduced time and effort. However, in Ukraine, the development of AI technologies remains in its early stages, despite the approval of the “Concept for the Development of Artificial Intelligence” in 2020.
The main challenges include the need to improve the legal framework, ensure data protection, and address ethical concerns. The use of AI can significantly enhance the quality of medical services while saving time and resources in healthcare institutions. In medical practice, AI is applied in several areas. For instance, AI accelerates diagnosis and improves accuracy, such as in the continuous monitoring of bone tissue in periodontal diseases; AI can analyze medical images with high speed and precision, identifying anomalies and leading to more accurate and timely diagnoses at early stages; AI algorithms can predict the deterioration of a patient’s condition by analyzing their medical data.
INTEGRATIVE ONCOLOGY AS A PROMISING VECTOR FOR THE TREATMENT OF CANCER TREATMENT
Authors: Kotenko O.E. , Gavrilov A.Yu. , Sennikov I.A. , Khodak A.S.
Published: November 2024

The article presents an analysis of the possibilities for early diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation of patients with cancer within the framework of integrative oncology.
Introduction. Oncological diseases remain one of the most pressing medical challenges of our time, driven by a steady increase in incidence, late-stage diagnoses, and unsatisfactory treatment outcomes. WHO experts predict that by 2050, the number of new cancer cases will rise by 77% compared to 2022. Despite significant advancements in diagnostics and conventional treatments, including surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, there remains a need for a more holistic approach. This approach would not only target tumor control but also aim to enhance the overall quality of life for patients.
Discussion. Timely and accurate diagnosis is a crucial aspect of the fight against cancer. Early detection can significantly improve the chances of successful treatment and patient survival. However, conventional cancer treatments are often aggressive, leading to complications, side effects, and patient disability. Integrative oncology combines traditional therapies with complementary approaches, focusing on maintaining overall patient health, reducing side effects, facilitating restorative rehabilitation, and enhancing quality of life. This comprehensive, integrative approach broadens and strengthens the options for cancer treatment, offering a more holistic care strategy.
Conclusion. Integrative oncology represents a promising direction in cancer treatment by providing a comprehensive approach to addressing the disease. The combination of conventional treatments with complementary therapies not only enhances treatment effectiveness but also significantly improves patient quality of life, an essential aspect in the ongoing battle against cancer.
DIAGNOSTIC APPROACHES TO PAINFUL TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT DYSFUNCTION: A LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Dumenko M.V. , Nespriadko V.P.
Published: November 2024

Introduction. The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is an anatomically and biomechanically complex structure, essential for critical functions such as chewing, breathing, verbal and non-verbal communication, and facial expressions. The term “temporomandibular joint disorders” encompasses a range of conditions characterized by pain with diverse, often polymorphic, manifestations.
Purpose of this study is to analyze the trends and directions in publications on the diagnosis of painful temporomandibular joint disorders from 2017 to 2024 (up to March 31, 2024) across international and Ukrainian scientific resources.
Materials and methods. We used the bibliosemantic method, the methods of the system approach and content analysis. We searched for scientific publications for the period from 2017 to 2024 as of 03/31/2024 in Google Academy and Medline (accessed via PubMed) using the following words and their combinations: “dysfunctional temporomandibular joint conditions” and “temporomandibular joint dysfunction”, “temporomandibular dysfunction and condylare position”, “temporomandibular dysfunction and classification”. Inclusion criteria were as follows: a) studies aimed at evaluating the anatomy of the temporomandibular joint; b) studies conducted with cone beam computed tomography images; c) research on humans; d) data of persons aged 18 to 60 years. Exclusion criteria were as follows: a) clinical cases; b) discussions; c) research with the participation of children and adolescents (under the age of 18).
Results. For the period 2017-2024 (as of 31.03.2024), the main research topics on the painful form of temporomandibular joint dysfunction are the following: the prevalence of temporomandibular joint disorders (11 publications), the influence factors of the dysfunction development of the temporomandibular joint (42 publications), the improvement of existing and the search for new diagnostic criteria (17 publications); the anatomical and the morphological features of the temporomandibular join as the development predictors for the temporomandibular joint dysfunction (20 publications); search for new models for predicting the course and effectiveness of treatment for temporomandibular join dysfunction (4 publications).
Conclusion. Researchers have primarily focused on examining factors influencing the clinical progression of temporomandibular joint dysfunction, accounting for 44.7% of all publications. Studies on anatomical and morphological features as predictors of temporomandibular joint dysfunction, along with new predictive models, remain contentious and highlight the need for further investigation.
STABILOMETRY AS A METHOD FOR DIAGNOSIS AND TRAINING OF THE HUMAN POSTURAL BALANCE
Authors: Liakhovska A. V. , Ivanenko O. P. , Smaglyuk L. V. , Voronkova G. V.
Published: November 2024

Introduction. Posture is intrinsically linked to balance and the maintenance of an upright body position. Achieving stable posture and upright movement relies on the body’s complex neuromuscular regulation system. In clinical practice, stabilometry is employed to assess balance function and postural control. This study aims to synthesize data on the effectiveness of stabilometry as a diagnostic tool for evaluating postural balance and as a training method to enhance it.
Materials and Methods. An analysis of 45 sources from databases including Academia.edu, PubMed, ResearchGate, and Google Scholar over the past decade was conducted using
Keywords:
posture, stabilometry, and postural balance.
Results. Stabilometry is a contemporary technique for tracking the projection of the body’s center of mass on the support plane, as well as its fluctuations while standing or performing diagnostic tests and medical procedures. This review examines the application of stabilometry both for diagnosing balance and as a supplementary training method to improve postural balance in athletes and individuals with musculoskeletal disorders. Stabilometry results have highlighted correlations between stomatognathic system dysfunctions and musculoskeletal issues and demonstrated the positive impact of occlusal adjustments on body balance. As such, stabilometry can serve as an effective diagnostic tool for assessing posture in a dental clinic, useful for both diagnostic assessments and evaluating preventive or treatment outcomes.
Conclusions. Training that combines myogymnastic exercises with stabilometric platform exercises significantly improved balance and functional efficiency in patients, as shown through stabilometric analysis. A key area of ongoing research is the interplay between posture and other bodily systems, particularly the stomatognathic system, which may be pivotal in treating temporomandibular joint dysfunction.
WOUND DRESSINGS FOR SORPTION THERAPY IN THE TREATMENT OF PURULENT WOUNDS: a review article
Authors: Nіemtchenko І.І. , Kravciv M.I. , Liakhovskyi V.І. , Lisenko R.B. , Liulka O.N. , Krasnov O. G. , Horodova-Andryeyeva T.V. , Pryhidko R.A. , Zaiets S.M.
Published: November 2024

Surgical infections remain one of the most challenging and urgent issues in modern medicine, reaching a socio-ecological scale of significance nationwide. Despite advances in treating purulent wounds, the prevalence of patients with purulent surgical infections remains high. According to both domestic and international sources, surgical patients with purulent-inflammatory conditions comprise 35–45% of the total patient population in general surgery wards. In some cases, purulent infections become acute and can lead to the generalization of the purulent process, resulting in sepsis and even death. Mortality rates from acute surgical infections range from 19% to 70% within surgical hospitals. Additionally, there has been an increase in the transition of acute purulent processes to chronic stages, which prolongs the treatment duration for these patients.
The prevention and treatment of surgical infections are therefore of paramount importance, representing one of the core challenges in surgical care. Optimal local treatment of purulent wounds requires adherence to essential principles, including active surgical intervention, antibiotic therapy throughout the wound healing stages, and local wound management under bandages.
An analysis of the literature reveals that sorption-application therapy is gaining prominence in modern surgical practice for local wound management. This approach, which utilizes advanced interactive wound dressings with combined adsorption, osmotic, and necrolytic effects, has shown significant improvements in the effectiveness of purulent wound treatment.
THE IMPACT OF EXOGENOUS AND ENDOGENOUS FACTORS ON VASCULAR WALL ELASTICITY AND POTENTIAL CLINICAL EFFECTS (Review Article)
Authors: Poliakova D.O. , Tkachenko S.S. , Rodinsky O.H.
Published: November 2024

Vascular aging is associated with profound changes in the structural properties of the arterial wall. Arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and chronic kidney disease are the primary determinants of the loss of elasticity and reduced compliance of the vascular wall. Arterial stiffness is a key parameter for assessing the elasticity of the arterial wall and can be easily evaluated using non-invasive methods such as pulse wave velocity. Early assessment of arterial stiffness is critical, as its changes may precede the clinical manifestations of cardiovascular disease.
With age, arterial walls become stiffer, leading to an increase in systolic blood pressure and an increased risk of cardiovascular events such as stroke, myocardial infarction, or heart failure. The gradual decrease in vascular elasticity is accompanied by remodeling of their structure, an increase in collagen fibers, and a decrease in elastin, which exacerbates the problem. In addition, the mechanical stress on the vascular wall, which increases with age, worsens its condition, provoking the formation of atherosclerotic plaques.
Arterial stiffness, as an important biomarker of vascular aging, is also an indicator of increased cardiovascular risk, independent of other factors such as blood pressure or the presence of comorbidities. Therefore, timely diagnosis of arterial stiffness can help prevent serious complications and adjust treatment for patients at risk. Important are also preventive measures, including a healthy lifestyle, physical activity, and control of the underlying diseases that contribute to the acceleration of vascular aging processes.
Moreover, the influence of endogenous and exogenous factors, such as diet, the presence of chronic diseases, and bad habits (in particular, smoking), contribute to the acceleration of these processes. Innovative diagnostic methods, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or ultrasound, allow detecting these changes at early stages and, accordingly, adapting treatment.
CHARACTERISTICS OF CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS IN INFECTIVE ENDOCARDITIS WITH MITRAL VALVE INVOLVEMENT
Authors: Soltani Suzanna E. , Krikunov Aleksey A.
Published: November 2024

The purpose of the work is to analyze the clinical manifestations of infective endocarditis with mitral valve involvement.
Materials and methods. The study included 287 patients who underwent mitral valve surgery, comprising 205 males and 82 females, with an average age of 50.1 ± 2.9 years, all of whom had a history of infectious endocarditis affecting the mitral valve.
Results. The study analyzed the age groups of participants, considering their sex. It was found that in the age groups of ≥ 19, 20-29, 60-69, and 70-79 years, the sex differences in the incidence of infective endocarditis were not statistically significant (p ≥ 0.05). However, in the age groups of 30-39 years (p = 0.05, χ² = 3.87), 40-49 years (p = 0.02, χ² = 5.26), and 50-59 years (p = 0.006, χ² = 7.55), male patients were found to be affected more frequently. The most common etiopathogenetic causes of infectious endocarditis were identified as bronchopulmonary, urological, and general surgical factors. Key factors influencing susceptibility to infectious endocarditis included degenerative factors, congenital heart defects, and acquired heart defects resulting from rheumatic disease. The most frequent complications of infectious endocarditis presenting as organ failure included pneumonia, acute cerebrovascular accident, and acute heart failure. The frequency of emergency operations was significantly higher in patients who underwent mitral valve plastic surgery compared to those who had mitral valve replacement (p = 0.02, χ² = 5.16).
Conclusions. The study results indicated that male patients are affected more frequently by infective endocarditis (p = 0.001, χ² = 10.73). It was observed that among the age groups of 30 to 59 years, male patients experience infective endocarditis significantly more often. Additionally, it was established that clinical features significantly influence the urgency of surgical interventions. The frequency of emergency operations was notably higher in patients who underwent mitral valve plastic surgery (p = 0.02, χ² = 5.16).
CHARACTERISTICS OF NEWBORNS FROM WOMEN WHO CONTRACTED COVID-19 DURING PREGNANCY
Authors: Shkolnуk O.S. , Malanchuk O.M. , Melenchuk L.M. , Khobotna I.M. , Shlemkevych A.M. , Samokhvalova A.V.
Published: November 2024

Objective: to study characteristics of newborns from women who contracted COVID-19 during pregnancy.
Material and methods. The condition of newborns was analyzed based on 210 primary medical records of women who contracted COVID-19 during pregnancy (main group). These findings were compared with similar data obtained from a control group of 210 women who did not have COVID-19 during pregnancy, selected using the case-control method. To assess the newborns' condition, gestational age at birth, anthropometric measurements, and Apgar scores were examined.
Research results. It was found that women who contracted COVID-19 during pregnancy are at an increased risk for perinatal complications. Significant differences were observed in gestational age, birth weight, and Apgar scores between the main and control groups. Babies born to mothers in the main group were more frequently premature compared to the control group (P<0.05), where all newborns were full-term. In the main group, 68.6% of newborns were in satisfactory condition, with an Apgar score of 8. In 13.8% of cases, the score was 7, while 12.4% had a score of 6, and 5.2% had a score of 5. In contrast, 93.8% of newborns in the control group had an Apgar score of 8, 5.7% scored 7, and 0.5% scored 6 (p<0.05). Furthermore, in the main group, 84.3% of newborns were discharged home in satisfactory condition, while 14.7% required transfer to the intensive care unit, and 1.0% died. In the control group, 99.0% of newborns were discharged home in satisfactory condition, and 1.0% were transferred to intensive care (p<0.05).
Conclusions. The study revealed that women who contracted COVID-19 during pregnancy are at an increased risk of perinatal complications. Significant differences in gestational age, birth weight, and Apgar scores were observed between the main and control groups (P<0.05). Newborns in the main group were more frequently premature compared to those in the control group, where all births were full-term (P<0.05). It is recommended that women who had COVID-19 during pregnancy be classified as a "risk group" for perinatal complications.
COMPARISON OF THE EFFICACY OF ARTHROCENTESIS WITH AND WITHOUT CONCENTRATED GROWTH FACTOR INJECTIONS IN REDUCING CLINICAL SYMPTOMS IN PATIENTS WITH TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT OSTEOARTHRITIS
Authors: Davydenko V.
Published: November 2024

There is a significant prevalence of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders, estimated at 34% according to various sources. Given that this condition often leads to a reduced quality of life and disability, there is a pressing need to develop and implement effective treatment methods. Arthrocentesis, along with the injection of pharmacological agents—particularly platelet-rich plasma—into the joint cavity, is a recognized treatment for TMJ osteoarthritis. Recently, a third generation of platelet concentrates has been developed, which is an evolutionary advancement of the platelet-rich plasma technique. This study involved 60 patients, equally divided into control and experimental groups. The control group was treated with arthrocentesis for TMJ osteoarthritis, while the experimental group received arthrocentesis combined with intra-articular injections of concentrated growth factor. The effectiveness of the treatments was evaluated using the visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain and measuring maximum mouth opening. The study results showed a 74.22% reduction in VAS scores in the control group and a 79.87% reduction in the experimental group (p < 0.001). Maximum mouth opening increased by 17.84% in the control group and by 20.53% in the experimental group (p < 0.001). Both treatment methods demonstrated significant clinical efficacy (p < 0.001). In our opinion, the use of arthrocentesis with concentrated growth factor injections for the treatment of TMJ osteoarthritis is clinically justified and more effective than arthrocentesis alone.
INDICATORS OF FREE RADICAL OXIDATION AND ANTIOXIDANT PROTECTION IN THE ORAL FLUID OF CHILDREN WITH CHRONIC CATARRHAL GINGIVITIS AND DIABETIS MELLITUS
Authors: Honcharenko V.А. , Kuzniak N.B. , Senyshyn R.I. , Perebyinis P.P. , Dmytrenko R.R.
Published: November 2024

Failure of antioxidant mechanisms leads to an increase in lipid peroxidation products in the body, resulting in a non-specific cascade of cellular membrane damage. Proteins play a crucial role in metabolic processes, but when lipid peroxidation intensifies, protein modifications occur, leading to fragmentation, denaturation, and loss of biological activity. This disruption impairs tissue regenerative processes. The objective of this study was to analyze indicators of free radical oxidation and antioxidant protection in the oral fluid of children with chronic catarrhal gingivitis and type I diabetes mellitus.
Materials and methods. A total of 170 children aged 12 to 16 were observed, including 130 who were examined and treated at the Endocrinology Department of the Regional Municipal Non-Profit Institution “Chernivtsi Regional Pediatric Clinical Hospital” for type 1 diabetes mellitus. Among them, 74 children had a disease duration of less than 5 years, including 65 with chronic catarrhal gingivitis. Sixty five children had diabetes for more than 5 years, with 44 of them diagnosed to have chronic catarrhal gingivitis. The children with chronic catarrhal gingivitis were further divided into groups based on their level of glycemic control: 1 child with optimal glycemic control, 66 with suboptimal glycemic control, and 42 with glycemic control at a high risk to life. The control group included 40 practically healthy children: 22 of them had clinically healthy periodontal tissues, and 18 children were diagnosed to suffer from chronic catarrhal gingivitis.
Results. The study performed found out that children with chronic catarrhal gingivitis present increased indicators of lipid peroxide oxidation (protein oxidative modification, diene conjugates, malondialdehyde) and decreased activity of the enzyme in the antioxidant protective system of the oral fluid (whole protein, НS-groups, ceruloplasmin, activity of supermutase and catalase) in comparison with indicators of children without dental pathology. The most considerable changes were found in patients with chronic catarrhal gingivitis and type 1 diabetes mellitus, especially when the disease lasted more than 5 years (р<0,05).
IDENTIFICATION OF PERIODONTAL PATHOGENS IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC GENERALIZED PERIODONTITIS DEPENDING ON THE SEVERITY OF INFLAMMATION
Authors: Dubyna V.O. , Skrypnykov P.M. , Kabaliei A.V.
Published: November 2024

Introduction. The progression of chronic generalized periodontitis is associated with gram-negative anaerobic bacteria. Microbiological diagnostics of periodontal disease provides an opportunity for selecting the most effective therapeutic approach for both local and systemic conditions in patients.
Aim of this study is to conduct a qualitative assessment of the presence of pathogenic microorganisms in the periodontal pockets of patients, based on the severity of inflammation.
Materials and methods. The presence of five key pathogenic microorganisms in the periodontal pocket contents of 90 individuals aged 25-60 years (45 with grade I severity and 45 with grade II) was assessed using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The analysis was conducted with the CFX96™ Real-Time PCR Detection System (BIO-RAD) and the PeriodontScreen Real-TM reagent kit (Sacace Biotechnologies Srl, Italy). Non-parametric correlation statistical analysis was performed to calculate Kendall’s Tau and Gamma coefficients.
In 27 patients (60%) with grade I severity, bacteria of a single species were identified. Two types of periodontal pathogens were detected in 13 patients (28.9%), with the most common combination being Tannerella forsythia and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, found in 5 patients (11.1%); 5 patients (11.1%) showed the presence of three microbial species: Tannerella forsythia, Treponema denticola, and Porphyromonas gingivalis.
Among the patients with grade II severity, 8 patients (17.8%) had bacteria of one species, specifically Prevotella intermedia. Two microbial species were identified in 9 patients (20%), while three species were present in 15 patients (33.3%). The most frequent combination included Prevotella intermedia, Tannerella forsythia, and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, found in 5 patients (11.1%). Four types of microbes were detected in 13 patients (28.9%), with the predominant combination being Tannerella forsythia, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola, and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (17.8%). None of the patients with grade II severity had all five periodontopathogenic agents. The correlation analysis confirmed that chronic periodontitis is strongly associated with the presence of Tannerella forsythia within microbial associations.
Conclusions. The spectrum of periodontal pathogens affects the severity of inflammation in the periodontium. In grade II inflammation, associations of periodontal pathogens were detected by 82.2% of cases, while in grade I by in 40%. Tannerella forsythia was detected in 42.2% of patients with grade I inflammation, 15.6% of them as a mono-infection; in patients with grade II inflammation in 71.1%, in associations with Treponema denticola in 48.9%. Determining the spectrum of periodontal pathogens, taking into account their characteristics and associated virulence factors, is necessary for choosing the effective differentiated treatment approach.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF STRESS-STRAIN STATE OF SINGLE-ROOTED TEETH DURING INDIRECT RESTORATION OF THE CROWN WITH STUMP INLAYS OF DIFFERENT DESIGNS
Authors: Sylenko B.Yu. , Sylenko D.S. , Pysarenko O.A. , Sylenko Yu.I.
Published: November 2024

The aim of our study on the biomechanics of the tooth inlay is to select the most efficient design of stump pin inlay for indirect restoration of single-rooted teeth.
Materials and methods. To implement the aim of the study, the biomechanics research was conducted in the following four designs of stump inlays: 1 - traditional, 2 - with a single-stage change in the diameter of the pin along its length, 3 - with a two-stage change in the pin along its length, and 4 - with a single-stage change in the diameter of the pin and a cap in the crown of the tooth, covering the end of the root. The mathematical modeling was performed using the common software MSC NASTRAN for finite element analysis. The package, with the help of which the elastic three-dimensional models of the dentition are built and analyzed based on the finite element procedure, determines the displacement of each node of the finite element along the axis system, with three coordinates, normal and tangential stresses, as well as equivalent Huber-Mises stresses, which are calculated according to the well-known formula of deformable solid mechanics
Results. The minimum values of equivalent stresses in both the pin inlay and the dentin of the root of the tooth at the level of the apical end of the pin inlay occur when using a pin inlay with a one-stage change in the diameter of the pin and a cap on the crown of the premolar. At the same time, the values of equivalent stress in dentin at the level of the apical end of the inlay pin are closest to the maximum values of equivalent stresses observed on the surface of the root of the tooth (differences do not exceed 10%).
The maximum values of equivalent stresses in both the pin inlay and the dentin of the root of the tooth at the level of the apical end of the pin inlay occur when using a pin inlay of conventional design. In this case, the difference in the values of equivalent stresses in the pin compared to the inlay with a one-stage change in the diameter of the pin and a cap is 9%, and in the dentin at the level of the apical end of the inlay pin, the difference in stresses is 10%.
The maximum values of equivalent stresses in both the dentin of the root of the tooth to be restored and the pin of the stump inlay occur when applying a traditionally used pin inlay. Among the various pin inlays considered, a stump inlay featuring a single-stage change in the diameter of the pin and a cap on the crown of the tooth to be restored demonstrates the highest efficiency, yielding the lowest equivalent stresses in the dentin of the tooth's root.