bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
الاستعدادت العسكرية العثمانية في العراق أبان قيام الحرب العالمية الأولى
Authors: شكري الأستاذ المساعد الدكتور ياسين
Published: August 2023

تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى بيان الاستعدادات العسكرية التي قامت بها السلطات العثمانية عند وقوع الحرب العالمية الأولى. ولم يكن العثمانيون يتوقعون أي مواجهة عسكرية في العراق، فاستعداداتهم لم تكن مناسبة وجاءت متأخرة في الأشهر الأخيرة قبل الحرب. وتضمنت الاستعدادات اعلان التعبئة العامة التي نصت على وضع الرجال تحت السلاح والاستعداد للسفر والاستفادة من القدرات الاقتصادية في العراق لخدمة الحرب وفرض ضرائب الحرب على المواطنين. كل هذه الخطوات سببت معاناة كبيرة لمواطني الشعب العراقي الذين حاولوا الهروب من الضرائب والخدمة العسكرية
ملامح النقد الرجالي عند العلامة الحلّي - دراسة في كتاب خلاصة الأقوال -
Authors: الدين سالم المدرس الدكتور رضوان
Published: August 2023

اهتم علم الرجال اهتماما كبيرا بإعلام مدرسة الإمامية، إذ اهتم بدراسة أسانيد الأحاديث والروايات التي تقوم على الدراسة الاستنباطية للأحكام الفقهية، لذلك هناك مؤلفات كثيرة في هذا العلوم وعلى الأدوار العلمية التاريخية المفصلة عند الإمامية. ومن هذه المؤلفات كتاب (خلاصة الأقوال) للعلامة الحلي (ت 726هـ) الذي يعد من أهم الكتب في هذا العلم ولأنه جاء في مرحلة ودور التكامل العلمي المكمل في هذا العلم .. وهذا البحث عبارة عن دراسة تحليلية تحليلية لكتاب خلاصة الألفاظ توقف فيه الباحث عن أهم معالم النقد عند الرواة عند علامة الحلي. وقد قسم البحث إلى ثلاثة مباحث، أولها عرض لمنهجية العلامة في الكتاب ومصادره. أما المبحث الثاني فكان في بيان مصطلحين مهمين، أحدهما استخدمه العلامة في الكتابة (المجهول)، والثاني ادعى عمله وهو (صحة العدل). أما القسم الثالث منه فكان بمعنى حجية الألفاظ مثل علامة المتأخرين في نقدهم للرواة، وكذلك ملامح نقد الرواة في كتابه.
Post-Intubation Tracheal Stenosis: Multicenter Study from 2010 to 2022
Authors: Bah Mamadou Diawo , M Diop/Ndoye , GN Outsouta , I Gaye , M Diaw , PA Léye , MM Traoré , PI Ndiaye , E Diouf
Published: August 2023

Objective: To study the epidemiological, clinical, paraclinical, therapeutic and evolutionary aspects of post-intubation tracheal stenosis occurring in patients admitted to intensive care units. Patients and methods: This is a multicenter, retrospective and descriptive study conducted from November 1, 2010 to June 1, 2022 in 7 intensive care units and 3 ENT departments. From medical records, we collected epidemiological data (frequency, age, sex), medical history, data relating to tracheal intubation (indication, duration, inflation pressure of the intubation tube balloon), data on post-intubation (PI) tracheal stenosis (symptoms and time to onset), paraclinical data, treatment and evolution modalities. The data collected were expressed as averages with their standard deviation. Results: During the study period, 19 patients presented with PI tracheal stenosis. The frequency ranged from 0.03% to 0.1%. The average age of the patients was 25.7 years 11.07 14-38 years. Patients had been intubated in a traumatic context in 47.37% of cases. The average duration of ventilatory support was 10.37 days  03.03 4-15 days No intubation tube cuff pressure monitoring was done for any patient. Dyspnea was the main telltale sign. Its average time to onset was 33.21  days 12.07 1h-3months. Endoscopically, the average degree of tracheal stenosis was 72.63% 50-99% . Therapeutically, in intensive care, 5 patients (26.31%) who presented with acute respiratory failure underwent a life-saving surgical tracheostomy. Curative surgery resulted in a tracheal resection-anastomosis (73.68%) and enlargement tracheoplasty (26.32%). The outcome was favorable for 9 patients (47.37%). The recurrence of the stenosis after curative surgery was observed in 31.58% of cases. Death occured in 3 patients (15.79%). Conclusion: Over-inflation of the intubation tube cuff is the leading cause of PI tracheal stenosis. Prevention is based on the systematic monitoring of its inflation pressure.
The Many Flaws of the Lorentz Transformation
Authors: Buenker Robert J.
Published: August 2023

The Lorentz transformation (LT) is one of the most revered set of relationships in modern physics. Overlooked in this broad assessment are a number of clear inconsistencies in its predictions, however, as will be discussed herein. For example, it makes three predictions which are not consistent with one another: Lorentz-FitzGerald length contraction (FLC), time dilation (TD) and light-speed equality for observers in relative motion to one another. Einstein’s light-speed postulate (LSP) is shown to be unviable by considering a case in which a light source passes by a stationary observer at the same time that it emits a light pulse in the same direction. It is found that, in contradiction to the LSP, that the classical velocity (Galilean) transformation (GVT) is applicable when two observers in relative motion deduce the speed of a light wave from their different perspectives. The LT also stands in violation of the Law of Causality because it fails to recognize that inertial clocks can never change their rate spontaneously; thus its two clocks must always measure elapsed times in the same ratio (Q), contrary to the LT prediction of space-time mixing. The Newton-Voigt transformation (NVT) is consistent with the Law of Causality because it assumes space and time do not mix. It is nonetheless also consistent with the relativistic velocity transformation (RVT) and also with Einstein’s mass-energy equivalence relation E=mc2. The ratio Q of clock rates for two inertial rest frames S and S’ is required input for the NVT. Experimental data obey the Universal Time-dilation Law (UTDL) which states that the measured time Δt obtained by an inertial clock for a given event is inversely proportional to γ(v)= (1-v2c-2)-0.5, where v is the speed of the clock relative to a specific rest frame referred to as the objective rest frame ORS. The Uniform Scaling method employs Q as a conversion factor between the units of time in the two rest frames. It is found that the conversion factors
Normatividad semántica y condiciones de corrección
Authors: García Suárez Alfonso
Published: August 2023

La tesis de la normatividad del significado ha recibido diversas formulaciones. Tras examinar dos clases de conceptos con los que se la ha caracterizado, los evaluativos y los deónticos, se descartan las objeciones que Glüer, Boghossian, Hattiangadi y otros han volcado contra la posibilidad de enunciarla en términos de condiciones de corrección.
El argumento modal de Moore contra el escepticismo
Authors: Vilanova Arias Javier
Published: August 2023

Se describen cuatro argumentos de George E. Moore en su debate contra el escepticismo (autoreferencia, sentido común, modal y elección racional) y se examina el sentido y valor filosófico del tercero de ellos. El argumento modal detecta una falacia de ambigüedad cometida por el escéptico en el uso de la palabra "posible", oscilando entre tres pares de cualificaciones de posibilidad: in sensu diviso-in sensu composito, para cada una posible-posible todas, y fuerte-débil. Sobre la base de este argumento se propone una lectura externista del último Moore.
Aristotle's Double Solution to Zeno's 'Dichotomy', Sign of a Radical Revision?
Authors: Nabielek Marcus
Published: August 2023

In the Physics Aristotle offers two solutions to Zeno's 'Dichotomy'. Waterlow and Sorabji intend to show that the existence of two solutions indicates Aristotle's radical revision of the Physics' fundamental concepts. This article aims to criticize Waterlow's and Sorabji's arguments. An interpretation of the Aristotelian text is also offered that points to the two solution's compatibility and to the coherence of the Physics' fundamental concepts.
Health Economic Analysis of Two-Layer Bandage System for Treatment of Chronic Venous Insufficiency
Authors: Mallow Peter J.
Published: August 2023

Background: Compression therapy is the gold standard for the treatment of chronic venous insufficiency (CVI). Two-layer bandage (2LB) systems have been shown to be a safe and effective treatment option.

Objective: To estimate the total cost per response (CPR) for the resolution of edema and wounds in patients with CVI treated with a 2LB system as part of their overall wound healing regimen.

Methods: A probabilistic decision tree model was developed to estimate the incremental CPR for a 2LB system. The model simulated 10 000 patients to estimate the CPR for the resolution of edema and wound healing. The analysis was performed using clinical data from a published single-arm, multicenter prospective study of CVI indicated for compression therapy. The response outcomes of interest were resolution of edema and rate of wound healing. The follow-up time was a maximum of 6 weeks, and the perspective of the study was a US outpatient treatment center. Economic data for compression therapy were based on the public prices of a 2LB system. Dressing changes occurred per manufacturer instructions for use.

Results: The study comprised 702 patients (56% female), with a total of 414 wounds. The median duration of the wounds was 42 days, and the median size at the initial visit was 3.5 cm2. The average pain reduction fell by 67% using a visual analog score. Bandages were typically changed once or twice a week (51.7%). Wound healing occurred in 128 of the 414 wounds (30.9%). The expected incremental CPR of a 2LB system for the resolution of edema was $65.67 (range, $16.67-$124.32). The expected incremental CPR of a 2LB system for the healing of a wound was $138.71 (range, $35.71-$273.53).

Conclusion: This economic evaluation complements previous clinical effectiveness and safety studies of 2LB systems for the treatment of CVI. The results demonstrate that the costs of incorporating 2LB into standard wound-healing protocols are negligible compared with overall treatment costs. Two-layer bandages may be considered a cost-effective first-line system for the treatment of wounds caused by CVI.
Association of Hematologic Parameters with Post-operative Outcomes in Patients Undergoing Lumbar Disc Herniation Surgery
Authors: Bulduk Tuba , Aksoğan Yiğit
Published: August 2023

Objective: In this study, we aimed to determine whether hematologic parameters have an effect on the post-operative outcomes in patients operated for lumbar disc herniation.
Material and Methods: The study was conducted in the retrospective cohort design in the Department of Neurosurgery of Ankara Güven Hospital and included patients who were hospitalized and treated with the diagnosis of Lumbar Disc Herniation (LDH) between 01.01.2019 and 31.12.2020. Patients' pre-operative hematologic parameters, which were routinely studied preoperatively, and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) scoring records, which were routinely used to monitor pain levels, were retrospectively reviewed, and the outpatient clinic notes of the patients within 6 months post-operatively were evaluated.
Results: Among 117 patients hospitalized with LDH over a 1-year period, 87 patients were included in the study. 30 LDH patients, owning factors that may affect wound healing and platelet function (active infection/diabetes mellitus, antiaggregants/anticoagulants) were excluded. When Hb was examined from the pre-operative hematological parameters, anemia was detected in 6 (7%) of 87 patients; however, it had no significant effects on VAS scores and surgical outcomes (p>0.05). Pre-operative Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) was elevated in 17 (20%) of the 87 patients, and the VAS score of these patients was found to be 1.5-fold higher than normal patients (p=0.031). Post-operative complications (infection, hemorrhage and cerebrospinal fluid fistula)  were detected in 5 (6%) of the 87 patients who underwent surgery, and it was found that the pre-operative NLR values were high in these 5 patients. It was also found that high NLR increased the risk of post-operative complications 1.4-fold in patients (p=0.002). No results could be obtained regarding the platelet values because this parameter was within the normal range preoperatively in all patients.
Conclusion: In the present study, the effects of hematological parameters on lumbar disc surgery were investigated, and it was concluded that elevated NLR values increased wound site infection among post-operative complications and VAS scores.
Pavement Distresses Due to Truck Platoons: A Holistic Analysis
Authors:   University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Al-Qadi Imad , Ozer Hasan ,   Arizona State University, Ramakrishnan Aravind ,   University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Alrajhi Ashraf ,   Arizona State University
Published: August 2023

Currently, AASHTOWare PMED does not contain a framework to compute distresses for loading scenarios like truck platoons. Truck platoons reduce fuel consumption and improve safety while increasing pavement damage because of a reduction in wander and rest period. The important parameters of truck platoons are wander, rest period, and penetration level. Unlike wander, the effect of reduced rest period on permanent deformation and platoon penetration level are not well documented. Rest period (i.e., truck spacing) is a critical parameter in platoons that can be controlled to reduce damage or to improve fuel savings. Unlike fatigue cracking, shorter rest periods resulted in lower permanent deformation through conventional repeated load triaxial testing. However, the test does not entail a representative load stress pulse because of moving loads. This study uses modified triaxial testing equipment to simulate different load pulses. Reduced triaxial compression was critical over the conventional load stress pulse. For all representative pulses, the effect of rest period was similar (i.e., increasing rest period increased permanent deformation). The researchers developed a framework to compute pavement distresses as a function of truck platoon parameters. Truck platoons distributed uniformly on sublanes resulted in the lowest damage, even lower than a conventional trucking operation. Truck spacing of 60 ft is optimal in terms of safety, as the difference in distresses were minimal compared to spacing at 18 ft.
ACOMPANHAMENTO PRÉ-NATAL E SEU IMPACTO NA PREVENÇÃO DA TRANSMISSÃO VERTICAL DA HEPATITE B
Authors: Ferreira de Araujo Costa Yasmim , De Lemos Schuler Maria Fernanda , Cavalcante Gonçalves Marcel Arthur , Gois de Paiva Myrelle Crystina , Mendes Sousa Andressa , Cândido Bulgo Danilo , Messias de Souza Ferreira da Costa Ana Carolina , Rocha Roquete João Victor , De Paula Oliveira Géssica , Telles Romeiro Edenilze , Silva do Nascimento Bianca Thaís , Feitosa do Nascimento Ana Carla
Published: August 2023

O atual estudo tem como objetivo descrever o impacto do acompanhamento pré-natal na prevenção da transmissão vertical da hepatite B. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, realizada durante o mês de agosto de 2023, onde se utilizou a estratégia PICO para elaboração da pergunta norteadora, por consulta a Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS) e a base de dados Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE) via BVS e PubMed, utilizando os descritores obtidos através do DeCS e MesH: e suas alternativas em inglês e espanhol, combinados através dos operadores booleanos “OR” e “AND”. Encontrou-se um total de 3.010 artigos e, após a aplicação dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão, bem como remoção de duplicatas e leitura na íntegra, foram selecionados 8 artigos para compor o estudo. Os resultados evidenciam que a abordagem integrada do pré-natal exerce um papel de destaque na prevenção da transmissão vertical da hepatite B, destacando-se a identificação precoce de gestantes portadoras do vírus e a implementação de intervenções terapêuticas apropriadas, reduzindo eficazmente o risco de transmissão para os recém-nascidos. A imunoprofilaxia neonatal e o aconselhamento pré-natal também apresentam relevância, contribuindo para a proteção contra a infecção. Assim, investir em serviços pré-natais de qualidade se configura como uma medida essencial para promover uma saúde materno-infantil mais robusta e isenta dos impactos da hepatite B.
Análise das Principais Estratégias de Promoção ao Aleitamento Materno na Atenção Primária à Saúde
Authors: Amorim Milena Vasconcelos , Souza Thayná Rafaela Rufino de , Do Ó Tawana de Araújo Leite Freitas , Silva Ednaldo Antônio da , Spinelli Claudeny Barbosa , Alves Edivaldo Rosa , Lima José Ronaldo de , Silva Rogéria Soares da , Vasconcelos Thaysa Rayana Campelo , Santos Ranyeli Santana dos , Lisboa Abelane de Cássia , Pereira Filho Flávio , Simões Vaneza de Santana , Silva José Alison Baracho da , Neves Ricardo Tarcísio Feitosa , Rabelo Josinês Barbosa , Lima Solange Rodrigues Belo
Published: August 2023

Introdução: O leite humano é fundamental para o desenvolvimento da saúde do recém-nascido (RN), pois é um alimento rico em nutrientes. O enfermeiro deve prestar um atendimento acolhedor e humanizado à mulher primípara, orientando sobre o Aleitamento Materno, a posição mais adequada para a melhor pega ao seio e sobre a suficiência do leite humano. Objetivo: Caracterizar estratégias de Promoção ao Aleitamento Materno na Atenção Primária em Saúde. Método: Foi realizada uma Revisão Integrativa de consultas nas bases de dados: BVS, PubMed, Medline, Lilacs. Descritores foram utilizados individualmente ou combinados. Foram resgatados n=749 artigos, dos quais, n=45 foram submetidos aos critérios de inclusão e de exclusão e n=08 artigos entraram para a análise. Resultados: A atuação profissional em clínica ampliada e articulada às políticas facilita a tomada de decisão; qualifica o serviço multidisciplinar para assistir na produção láctea e prevenir e tratar traumas, mastite, ingurgitamento mamário entre outras que podem ser preditivas ao desmame precoce. O atendimento Home Care e as visitas sistemáticas domiciliares em áreas pré-definidas de monitoramento e de acompanhamento identificam os fatores de risco do desmame precoce. A articulação das diversas políticas públicas: favorece a atuação em rede neural; garante eficiência na orientação o AME até os 06 meses e AM até os 02 anos; fortalece os vínculos entre os profissionais de saúde e as lactantes; qualifica a sistematização de dados; fortalece o controle social nos conselhos municipais, estaduais e nacional saúde; promove as ações educativas direcionadas a população mais vulnerável às barreiras psicossociais do desmame precoce; fortalece a Gestão da Atenção Primária à Saúde. Conclusões: A Educação Permanente em Saúde, a Teleamamentação, a Visita Domiciliar, a articulação política, a rede de apoio, a priorização das Estratégias de AM no Plano Municipal de Saúde, as ações educativas nas escolas, a atuação em Rede em clínica ampliada multiprofissional promove, capacita e qualifica para realizar visitas e consultas de triagem, acompanhamento, encaminhamento, referenciamento e orientação de cuidados; auxilia no monitoramento, vigilância, detecção, prevenção e mitigação das barreiras do AM.
Escalas cósmicas e cosmotécnica interplanetária
Authors: Santana Lima Gabriel
Published: August 2023

Apresentada nos anos 1960 pelo astrofísico russo Nikolai Kardashev, a escala de Kardashev traça graus de desenvolvimento tecnológico de civilizações extraterrestres hipotéticas. Desde então, diversas outras escalas foram propostas para intentar classificar graus de desenvolvimento tecnológico e manipulação da matéria. O presente artigo traz tais escalas para consideração e propõe uma interpretação seguindo o esquema da cosmotécnica, proposto pelo filósofo chinês Yuk Hui: ao consideramos que a dimensão tecnológica de uma cultura ou sociedade é o ponto de interação entre as dimensões cosmológica e moral, o artigo propõe aplicar  essa interface utilizando as escalas cósmicas como referência para consideração e esboçar possibilidades no campo da Astrobiologia e trazer propostas para uma Astrofilosofia.
Sarcoma Mieloide Espinal: Reporte de caso y revisión de la literatura
Authors: Caamaño Mendoza Catalina , Arroyo Barría Monserrat , Marín Contreras Francisco , Valenzuela Cecchi Bayron , Dolezal Lorca Carlos , Orellana Pineda Patricia , Sánchez Correa Juan Manuel , Bustos Garrido Patricio , Baabor Aqueveque Marcos
Published: August 2023

El Sarcoma Mieloide (SM) o Granulocítico descrito por primera vez en el año 1811, se define como un tumor extramedular constituido por células hematológicas mieloides que se asocia a pacientes con patología hematológica previa. Se presenta el caso de un paciente masculino de 32 años con antecedentes de Leucemia Mieloide Aguda (LMA) en remisión que consulta por clínica de 3 semanas de evolución de dolor radicular territorio L5 derecho asociado a disfunción vesical aguda de 24 h. Se realiza imagen que evidencia extensa ocupación del canal y partes blandas a nivel lumbosacro, dado lo anterior se realiza cirugía de urgencia por diagnóstico de cauda equina. La biopsia informa Sarcoma Mieloide.
Road modelling for infrastructure management – the efficient use of geographic information systems
Authors: Pavard Antonin , Dony Anne , Bordin Patricia
Published: August 2023

The construction sector is undergoing a digital transition. Local authorities have adopted geographic information systems (GISs) to plan their territories and structure their services, such as transport. Simultaneously, building information modelling (BIM) has demonstrated its advantages during the design and construction phases of structures. An infrastructure project can rely on these two technologies to plan its implementation (GIS), to complete its design and construction (BIM), or to manage associated services, such as mobility (GIS). However, road maintenance, an important part of the infrastructure’s life cycle, is not yet covered by these technologies. Road maintenance necessitates a comprehensive view of the infrastructure and its interactions with other real-world objects (e.g. vegetation, technical networks, or vehicles). Moreover, road managers are the local authorities that already use GISs. For these reasons, a GIS is suitable for fulfilling road maintenance requirements. This study presents a spatial framework (GIS) developed for road management. Applying it to a specific case study provides insights on the organisation of the spatial road framework which can be adapted to the infrastructure’s environment management. The spatial dimension must allow for the representation of the road and its components, including pavements and their dependencies. The structural dimension must be detailed to describe the layers, their formulations, and their thicknesses. The condition of the road must be described concisely so that the managers can plan maintenance.
АНАЛИЗ ГЕМАТОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ ПОКАЗАТЕЛЕЙ У ЛИЦ СО ЗЛОКАЧЕСТВЕННЫМИ НОВООБРАЗОВАНИЯМИ ЛЁГКИХ
Authors: Арсаханова Г.А. , Таибова Р.Ш.
Published: August 2023

Рак нередко называют чумой нашего поколения. И это неопровержимый факт. Количество летальных исходов, процент инвалидизации населения растёт с каждым годом. И статистика неутешительна…Современное здравоохранение пытается приложить все силы к тому, чтобы улучшить первичную выявляемость злокачественных новообразований. Ведь предупредить развитие рака, а также снизить патологическую активность процесса на ранних этапах всегда легче.
АНАЛИЗ ЛЕКАРСТВЕННЫХ ВИДОВ РАСТЕНИЙ БРАГУНО-НОВОЛАКСКОГО РАЙОНА ВО ФЛОРЕ ЧЕЧЕНСКОЙ РЕСПУБЛИКИ
Authors: Бакашева Ш.М. , Ирисханова З.И. , Молочаева Л.Г.
Published: August 2023

В данной статье представлены результаты изучения лекарственных видов растений, распространенных в Брагуно-Новолакском флористическом районе.
ВОЗДЕЙСТВИЕ НИКОТИНА НА ЛЕЙКОЦИТАРНУЮ ФОРМУЛУ
Authors: Музакаева Х.С. , Дускаев М.З.
Published: August 2023

Табакокурение является одной из основных причин летального схода не только в нашей стране, но и во всем мире. Никотин оказывает сильное воздействие на все показатели крови. Целью нашего исследования является оценка степени пагубного влияния табакокурения на лейкоцитарную формулу у здоровых курящих людей.
ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА СЕМЕЙСТВА ACERACEAE JUSS ЧЕЧЕНСКОЙ РЕСПУБЛИКИ
Authors: Шахгириева З.И. , Сириева Т.А.
Published: August 2023

Проводимые исследования свидетельствуют о том, что растения являются неотъемлемой частью повседневной жизни человека. Эти изучения помогают не только понять функции растительного мира, но также получить полезные компоненты, применяемые в пищевой, медицинской и промышленной сферах. Кроме того, растения способны в значительной степени влиять на экосистему, выполняя такие важные функции как очищение воздуха и участие в круговороте кислорода и углекислого газа. В настоящее время изучение растений и их функций является одним из самых сложных заданий, на которое направлены усилия ученых по всему миру. В связи с этим особое внимание уделяется многообразию растительного мира и взаимосвязи его элементов, а также обеспечению передовых технологий для проведения исследований в этой области.
К ВОПРОСАМ ОХРАНЫ ВИДОВ ЛУКОВИЧНЫХ РАСТЕНИЙ ВО ФЛОРЕ РЕСПУБЛИКИ ИНГУШЕТИЯ
Authors: Колоева А.Х. , Хашиева Л.С. , Дакиева М.К.
Published: August 2023

В работе приведены сведения о состоянии редких луковичных растений, рекомендуемых для внесения во второе издание Красной книги Республики Ингушетия с категорией угрозы исчезновения региональной популяции. В статье представлен аннотированный список видов высших сосудистых луковичных и клубне-луковичных растений, включающий 17 видов, нуждающихся в охране на региональном и федеральном уровне. Номенклатура таксонов приведена в соответствии с последней системой А.Л. Тахтаджяна [1].
TREATMENT OPTIMIZATION IN MANAGEMENT OF COMBINED PATHOLOGY − ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION AND POST-COVID SYNDROME IN ELDERLY PATIENTS
Authors: Kazakov Yurii M. , Potiazhenko Maksym M. , Nastroga Tetjana V.
Published: August 2023

The aim: Purpose of the study. Our research is aimed at the increase in the treatment effectiveness for combined pathology, namely, arterial hypertension (AH) and post-COVID syndrome in elderly patients at the stage of providing medical care by family medicine general practitioners with the use of statins, anti¬platelet agents, as well as endothelial-protective drug – L-arginine and anxiolytic effect – mebicar against the background of basic antihypertensive therapy.
Materials and methods: The study included treatment and observation of 50 elderly patients with hypertension and post-COVID syndrome. The average age was 68.7±1.89 years.
Results: The use of mebicar with moderate tranquilizing (anxiolytic) effect and endothelium-protector – L-arginine in the comprehensive treatment of elderly patients with combined pathology – AH and post-COVID syndrome contributed to the elimination of the main clinical symptoms (headache, poor sleep) in a shorter time; provided significant decrease in the level of systolic blood pressure, reactive anxiety, the decrease in total blood cholesterol, and improvement in blood rheology.
Conclusions: Treatment optimization for combined pathology – arterial hypertension and post-COVID syndrome in elderly patients with the use of L-arginine and mebicar in comprehensive treatment, improves the quality of patients’ life, reduces the treatment duration.
INFLUENCE OF BAD HABITS ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF ACQUIRED DEFORMATIONS IN THE MAXILLOFACIAL AREA
Authors: Makhlynets Nataliia , Ozhogan Zinovii , Pantus Andrii , Pyuryk Markiyan , Fedorov Serhiy
Published: August 2023

The aim: Identifying the relationship between the presence of oral habit and acquired maxillomandibular anomalies, influence of oral habits on the skeleton and muscular system formation in children.
Materials and methods: We conducted clinical, radiological methods of examination of 60 patients aged 9-12 with acquired maxillomandibular anomalies, 15 persons aged 9-12 years without maxillomandibular anomalies and acquired deformities (norm group) and 15 persons aged 9-12 years with hereditary syndromes, which are combined with bone deformities in the maxillofacial area (comparison group).
Results: Clinical examination showed that oral habits were manifested in 98.3% of patients. The results of clinical and radiological examination, analysis of cephalometric parameters and data on the thickness of the masticatory muscles on symmetrical areas of the face confirm the relationship between chronic oral habits and formation of acquired maxillomandibular anomalies; confirm the presence of acquired rather than congenital deformity of the facial skeleton, which is associated with changes in the thickness of the masticatory muscles on the part of the deformation та compensatory muscle hypertrophy on the opposite side.
Conclusions: The oral habit should be considered as one of the triggers in the development of acquired deformities of the maxillofacial area.
From "Silent Minority" to Collective Protests in Real Life: Tension, Resistance and Online Identity Discourse of Overseas Chinese
Authors: Yang Aimei
Published: August 2023

This study examines how overseas Chinese in the U.S used their online narratives to articulate their individual identities, and to form a shared group identity. What is more, during April 2008, rallies and protests were organized by these online discussion groups. The analysis of participants’ narratives demonstrates the emancipatory potential of the Internet, that is, online discussion helps members of a marginalized group form a united identity to resist existing power, and to facilitate their collective actions in the real world.
The narrative analysis also shows that although individuals are empowered by the online discussions, and are privileged to question any social or political issue, their choices of standing point are shaped by their social positions and cultural background. The constraining factors (socioeconomic position, cultural background, reality tensions, etc.), through online discourse, are gradually transformed into the common ground of overseas Chinese’s online group identity.
Avatars and Sojourners: Explaining the Acculturation of Newcomers to Multiplayer Online Games as Cross-Cultural Adaptations
Authors: Sr Mark Ward
Published: August 2023

Only in recent years have formal theories of immigrant and sojourner acculturation been developed. Could these theories be employed to study the acculturation of newcomers into the virtual cultures of massively multiplayer online games (MMOGs)? These gameworlds are inhabited by millions of people worldwide and have emerged as societies with their own cultural myths, schemata, argot, and communication practices. As such, new players may be viewed as sojourners who employ communication to acculturate themselves into the society of the gameworld, accommodate the cultural Others they encounter, and negotiate viable identities. After reviewing theories of cross-cultural adaptation—including Nishida’s schema theory and Kim’s integrative theory—and what they predict regarding the intercultural communication strategies of sojourners, this article shows how game studies research confirms that new MMOG players deploy communication in the predicted manner to achieve acculturation.
West meets East: on the Necessity of local Pedagogies
Authors: Bannink Anne
Published: August 2023

There is growing awareness that Western educational practices and language pedagogies cannot simply be exported to other parts of the world. The ethnocentricity of many teacher education projects that aim at introducing CLT to Asian societies have caused cultural conflicts and have led to the call for culturally appropriate methodologies. This paper presents an ethnographic analysis of three situations taken from two in-service teacher education courses in which cultural norms and identities were salient. It is argued that in the context of cross-cultural in-service courses it is important to identify possible culturally inappropriate procedures and ideas and locally introduce these aspects in the learning situation. This approach paves the way for ‘intercultural reciprocity’ (Coulby 2006), which will allow the course to evolve into a place from which C1 and C2 can be reflected upon without loss of face.
Telling the Truth about Culture: Intercultural Communication in Travel Writing
Authors: Haran Francis
Published: August 2023

We receive descriptions of meetings between cultures from a wide range of sources; for example, from the aspiring empirical objectivity of Intercultural Communication to the more entertaining portrayals of travel writing. But when travel writers employ the principles of Intercultural Communication in their descriptions, does this bring their travel writing closer to the truth about culture? My paper takes up this question through an examination of subjectivity and objectivity in the descriptions of meetings between cultures in travel writing. The writers I discuss are all native speakers of English and the culture they describe is Modern Greece.
Running head: Minority language survival
Authors: Nagpal Jaya , Nicoladis Elena
Published: August 2023

We compared French speaking and South Asian (SA) immigrant families having preschool children in an English speaking region in Canada, with regard to the parents’ attitudes towards minority language (ML) maintenance, ML use at home, and exposure of children to ML media. Parents in both groups had positive attitudes about language maintenance, however, SA parents were less hopeful that their children would retain their ML and pass it on to their next generations. SA parents made less effort to communicate with their children in the ML and provided less ML media for children at home, in comparison to their French counterparts. We discuss the results with respect to the relative position and utility of maintaining these minority languages in Canada and how these factors might influence parents’ language choices.
International Trans-Editing: Typical Intercultural Communication Strategies at the BBC World Service Turkish Radio
Authors: Aktan Oktay , Nohl Arnd-Michael
Published: August 2023

Whenever a piece of local news is transmitted to the global reader, it is not simply translated into another language, but becomes part of intercultural communication. The main aim in this paper is to investigate how international news stories written in English are prepared for Turkish readers. The comparative analysis of English and Turkish news stories from the BBC World Service’s websites shows that it involves a translating and an editing task, termed as "international trans-editing". This text analysis, along with an interview with the head of the BBC World Service Turkish Radio and participant observation conducted among their trans-editors, permit us to explore the peculiarities of this process and to identify some of its typical patterns.
The blindspots and biases of intercultural communication studies: A discussion on episteme and doxa in a field
Authors: Stier Jonas
Published: August 2023

As with other evolving fields within the realms of science the ontological assumptions and epistemological aspirations of intercultural communication studies are matters of debate and disagreement. Differently put, the very point of take-off from which studies in this field are conducted is seldom scrutinized. This being said, this paper identifies and discusses a number of blindspots and biases of intercultural communication studies – e.g. the reluctance or inability to account for analytical ethnocentrism (‘home blindness’), heterocentrism (the unreflected and disproportionate focus on difference) or xenocentrism (the unreflected and disproportionate focus on ‘the other’). Additionally, normativism (the unreflected assumption that intercultural communication has desirable effects on people’s prejudices), cultural relativism versus absolutism, and particularism versus universalism are discussed. It is concluded that if the blindspots and biases of intercultural communication studies are overlooked, and thus the researcher is held as a cultural constant, the understanding of intercultural communication as interaction between two unavoidably and equally cultural interlocutors is deficient. Inspired by classical hermeneutics and discourse analysis it is therefore argued that intercultural communication studies researchers must declare their ontological assumptions and epistemological aspirations more actively and systematically.
Avatars R Us? Discourses of Community and Embodiment in Intercultural Cyberspace
Authors: McIlvenny Paul
Published: August 2023

This paper examines the recent emergence of visions of globalised virtual communities who inhabit graphical versions of cyberspace implemented on the Internet. Often it is claimed that geography, nationality, 'race' and gender (are) no longer matter in these novel domains. In regard to the contemporary debates over the nature of intercultural communication, the paper considers how human communication is envisaged in these so-called transcultural 'virtual communities', whether the pervasive troubles of 'off-line' intercultural communication are really transcended 'online', and how participants shape their talk and language use to constitute their virtual intercultural encounters. Lastly, the role of graphical avatar embodiments for participants who communicate a 'virtual ethnicity' to others is analysed in a particular setting. The focus is on our changing conceptions and practices of, as well as relations between identity, community and embodiment in intercultural cyberspace.
The sociolinguistic aspects of the business presentation and its importance for the teaching
Authors: McGee Alan
Published: August 2023

The increasing internationalisation of business, industry, science and academia has led to greater importance being given to the ability to present ideas and concepts to an international audience, using English as the language medium. This applies to large conference gatherings but also to business presentations .
Through my somewhat unusual background as a manager from industry who later became a teacher of English as a foreign language, I have always been intrigued by the status awarded to people who can perform well in business presentations. I hold multi-disciplinary qualifications in Electrical Engineering (Diploma), Business (B.Ed. and MBA) and Applied Linguistics (MA and Post Grad. Diplomas in TEFL and TOESOL), and these have provided a unique window with which to view the business presentation and the skills needed to be successful.
The basis of the paperIt is suggested that the skills required for a successful business presentation by non-native speakers, are rooted in both linguistic and sociolinguistic aspects. These then combine with elements of cultural awareness and non-verbal signposting. Through an analysis of the speech act, speech community and speech norms, it is argued that business presentations in many large international companies contain set phrases and non-verbal signals which are similar, irrespective of the subject presented. Many of these phrases and signals are used naturally by native speakers. However, they need to be taught to non-native speakers through awareness raising and process methods.
Visual Communication across Cultures
Authors: Oyama Rumiko
Published: August 2023

In this paper, I question the notion that "The Visual" is a culturally transparent means of communication (Neurath, 1937, 1948). I will be demonstrating how different cultures (Japanese and British) use the resources of visual communication, in ways that are related to their specific underlying value systems. In order to show this I draw on advertisements from both countries and use the visual grammar developed by Kress and van Leeuwen (1990, 1996).
By analysing the forms (visual syntax) that the advertisements take: the semiotic structure of the images, with less emphasis on their content (visual lexis), it is possible to find systematic differences that relate to the specific locations of the advertisements in a given social cultural context.
I have discussed visual representations in Japanese and British advertisements with reference to the three notion of metafunctions. My analysis has demonstrated that both Japanese and British visual semiotics are conditioned by a different underlying spatial semiotic systems. This goes against the notion of culturally transparency of visuals. Visual representations and the way in which they convey meaning is culturally conditioned.
I have focused exclusively on the formal structures of visual representation in this paper. What my discussion suggests is; if visual lexis can serve as cultural representation, so can visual syntax. For the full understanding of visual representations from a cross-cultural perspective, a further systematic study on visual syntax as well as visual lexis should become essential. In conclusion, cultures condition visual forms and visual forms represent cultures.
Finns in interaction with non-finns: problematic phenomena perceived as critical incidents
Authors: Kirra Kiira Maria
Published: August 2023

This study focuses on Finns' perceptions of problematic phenomena in their communication with non-Finns. The aim of the study is to examine intercultural face-to-face encounters experienced as critical incidents by the respondents.
Critical incidents are communicative events which have been experienced as embarrassing, irritating, funny, strange etc. and which are therefore remembered vividly.
People are often not aware of "the obvious" in their own communication. It only becomes visible to them when communicating with somebody whose "obvious" differs from it, as is the case in intercultural encounters. Therefore the study of critical incidents helps to identify "obvious" and therefore invisible features in one's own communication style.
The data consists of 202 critical incidents collected from lecture journals submitted by Finnish open university students in connection with introductory courses to Intercultural Communication. To identify such incidents in the journals, content analysis was used.
The study suggests that phenomena such as different orientations to time, degree of directness, role differences and differences in verbal and nonverbal communication were among those experienced as critical.
Business Writing in Mainland China: A Look at the Development of Sales Genres
Authors: Yunxia Zhu
Published: August 2023

This paper sets out to examine the development of Chinese sales genres in relation to the changing social context. An approach embracing both social context and communicative purposes (Swales, 1990) is proposed and used in this paper. Fundamental changes have taken place in Chinese business context since the economic opening-up in 1978. In response to these changes, sales letters have emerged to meet the communicative needs of business. An introduction is given to sales genres in two different periods of business communication: the delinking period (1949-78) and the relinking period (1978 to the present). In the first period, sales ‘qingshi’ (requests raised by subordinates), and sales ‘pifu’ (official approvals) were employed. The second period is characterized by the use of the sales letters to reflect the change towards the market economy. In addition, the use of the specific sales genres is largely determined by reader-writer relationships under different economic structures of the country. While an equal relationship is shown in sales letters in the second period, a hierarchical relationship is exhibited in the sales genres used in the first period. The article explores how language can been used as a resource of cultural value and creative power in Australian English. The paper reveals how Australian politicians use political language rhetoric as a powerful tool in gaining political advantages. Several segments of so-called "public discourse" have been analysed, but the author mainly focuses on two areas of speech: how politicians use their language skills in gaining public support, and how they shirk responsibility. Special discoursal features of these speeches have been compiled and categorised. The speeches are studied from the various angles of discourse analysis and political rhetoric techniques.
Influences of Native Culture and Language on Intercultural Communication: the Case of PRC Student Immigrants in Australia
Authors: Gao Mobo C F
Published: August 2023

The paper is a discussion of verbal and non-verbal communication issues encoutered by the People’s Republic of China (PRC) students as immigrants in Australia. It is based on a large survey study as well as interview studies of PRC students who were granted residence status by the Australian government after the 1989 Tiananmen events. When immigrants initially live in a society which is culturally different, their own culture is still with them mainly in three ways: language, value and customs, and self-identity, each of which is related to another. This paper seeks to demonstrate that values and customs are manifested not only in non-verbial communication but also in verbial communication in that native language influences the speakers’ ways of using a non-native language. At the same time native linguistic knowledge, values and customs impose constraints on how immigrants identify themselves. The paper concludes that it is sometimes difficult to make difference between what is cultural and what is linguistic, that acquisition of a second language is not culturally value-free, that aculturalization and linguistic competence goes hand in hand, and that aculturalization indicates identity shift.
Open, Closed, and Locked Images: Cultural Stereotypes and the Symbolic Creation of Reality
Authors: Lillhannus Ruth
Published: August 2023

n this paper, I address the complex question of cultural stereotypes and how these kinds of categorising and simplifying notions of the perceived "other" and of ‘difference’ affect the special context of international project industry, a context where cultural diversity is one of the most prominent features. This paper aims at discussing the notion of cultural stereotypes as it appears in an empirical material consisting of field diaries written by Nordic students during their time as trainees at international industrial sites around the world.
I want to suggest that a deeper understanding of stereotypes and their role in cultural encounters can be achieved if an analysis of their contents and functions is connected to a more comprehensive existential question of how people in general create their world-views and interpret their reality. To enhance our understanding of the form and function of cultural stereotypes, I want to propose an alternative perspective in which to interpret them. In this article, I view stereotypes from the humanistic and theological perspectives of intercultural hermeneutics and as structuring components in the symbolic construction of reality (symboliska verklighetsbygget). The question of cultural encounters must not be addressed solely as a question of knowledge, I believe, but as a question also of attitudes and individual emotionally shaped dimensions. This can, I believe, contribute to a more dynamic and comprehensive understanding of the stereotypes and their significance in a world where cultural encounters have become everyday experiences.
Culture To Culturing. Re-imagining Our Understanding Of Intercultural Relations
Authors: Rodriguez Amardo
Published: August 2023

In this paper I explore the notion that human beings are culturing beings. I contend that the world’s infinite ambiguity is constantly pushing us to construct new and different ways of being and understanding the world. I also argue that verbing our understanding of culture enlarges our understanding of what being human means and, moreover, expands moral action by locating our humanity within a world with an inherent moral potentiality. Finally, I discuss the nature of this emergent morality and the theoretical implications that this emergent quantum understanding of culture brings to bear on intercultural communication theory.
Obstacles to Innovative Interaction: Communication Management in Culturally Diverse Organizations
Authors: Lauring Jakob
Published: August 2023

Cultural diversity has often been described as yielding competitive advantages like, for example, innovation resulting from the combination of different cultural perspectives. However, there are also substantial organizational problems related to managing cultural diversity, which need to be overcome in order for diversity to be a useful asset. Based on an empirical study of Danish multicultural companies, this article argues that the understanding of communication processes may reveal important aspects about the obstacles of managing cultural diversity. The main argument is that language-use is linked to social processes that can create boundary creation or social fragmentation within multicultural organizations.