bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Outcomes of Unconstrained Proximal Interphalangeal Joint Arthroplasty: A Systematic Review
Authors: Kulkarni Kunal , Sheikh Nomaan , Aujla Randeep , Divall Pip , Dias Joseph
Published: May 2021

Background: Unconstrained pyrocarbon and metal-on-polyethylene (MoP) proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint arthroplasty is an increasingly popular alternative to silicone implants and arthrodesis. This systematic review appraises their outcomes.

Methods: 30 studies comprising 1,324 joints (813 pyrocarbon, 511 MoP) were included. Mean patient age was 59 years (38 to 78) and mean follow-up period was 54 months (1.2 to 380).

Results: There were mean improvements of 4.5 points (2 to 6.9) in pain Visual Analogue Score, 10.5° (−26 to 58) in range of motion (ROM), 3.1 kg (−4 to 7) in grip strength, 0.6 kg (−1.5 to 2) in pinch strength, and 18 points (−3 to 29) in the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand score, with no significant differences between implant types. ROM gains, in particular, deteriorated over time. Clinical complications were frequent (23%), and significantly more common with pyrocarbon, as were radiographic complications. However, most were mild-moderate and did not necessarily correlate with negative outcomes or dissatisfaction. Overall reoperation rate was 21%, and revision rate 11%, both more frequent with pyrocarbon. Most revisions were within 24 months, beyond which survival was maintained up to ten years.

Conclusions: Unconstrained PIP joint arthroplasty is effective at improving pain scores, active ROM, grip/pinch strength, and patient reported outcome measures, particularly in patients with osteoarthritis. Results are generally maintained at least to the medium term, although gains diminish in the longer term. Complication and early revision rates are high, particularly with pyrocarbon implants. The majority of patients express positive attitudes to arthroplasty, with significant improvements in patient-reported outcome measures for both pyrocarbon and MoP implants. Patients with post-traumatic and inflammatory arthropathy are generally less satisfied. There is currently insufficient data to recommend one implant type over another, although the early-to-medium term results of MoP implants are promising. Prospective surveillance via small joint registries is recommended.
Miocene tuffs from the Dinarides and Eastern Alps as proxies of the Pannonian Basin lithosphere dynamics and tropospheric circulation patterns in Central Europe
Authors: Badurina Luka , Šegvić Branimir , Mandic Oleg , Slovenec Damir
Published: May 2021

Tuffaceous layers are regularly preserved in Miocene carbonate and siliciclastic sediments of the Dinarides and Eastern Alps in southeastern and central Europe. Detailed mineralogical and geochemical analyses of 13 tuffs of known ages acquired from sedimentary successions of the intramontane Dinarides basins and the southwestern Pannonian Basin were carried out to infer on plausible source areas, relative strengths of volcanism, and ash distribution patterns. Studied tuffs were altered to various degrees with illite–smectite and smectite as dominant phases while volcanic glass, carbonates and other silicates are minor constituents. Tuffs’ compositions range from andesite through trachyandesite to rhyolite and trachyte. Trace-element-based correlation with regional data reveal that Lower Miocene (LM) and Lower Middle Miocene (LMM) tuffs (17.0–14.0 Ma) likely originated in the Western Carpathians (the Bükkalja volcanic field) while source areas of Upper Middle Miocene (UMM) tuffs (13.8–12.5 Ma) were in the Apuseni Mountains and/or Eastern Carpathians. The spatial relation of LM/LMM and UMM tuffs with respect to their source areas (the Bükkalja volcanic field and Apuseni Mountains, respectively) is most consistent with tropospheric easterly trade winds that carried ash hundreds of kilometres to the SW toward an azimuth of
c.
200–250°.

Supplementary material:
Annotated X-ray diffractograms of the global and clay fraction of studied tuffs and AFM classification diagram are available at
https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.5429592
CoCoPIE
Authors: Guan Hui , Liu Shaoshan , Ma Xiaolong , Niu Wei , Ren Bin , Shen Xipeng , Wang Yanzhi , Zhao Pu
Published: May 2021

A new framework allows intelligence on mainstream end devices without special hardware.
In-sensor classification with boosted race trees
Authors: Tzimpragos Georgios , Madhavan Advait , Vasudevan Dilip , Strukov Dmitri , Sherwood Timothy
Published: May 2021

When extremely low-energy processing is required, the choice of data representation makes a tremendous difference. Each representation (e.g., frequency domain, residue coded, and log-scale) embodies a different set of tradeoffs based on the algebraic operations that are either easy or hard to perform in that domain. We demonstrate the potential of a novel form of encoding, race logic, in which information is represented as the delay in the arrival of a signal. Under this encoding, the ways in which signal delays interact and interfere with one another define the operation of the system. Observations of the relative delays (for example, the outcome of races between signals) define the output of the computation. Interestingly, completely standard hardware logic elements can be repurposed to this end and the resulting embedded systems have the potential to be extremely energy efficient. To realize this potential in a practical design, we demonstrate two different approaches to the creation of programmable tree-based ensemble classifiers in an extended set of race logic primitives; we explore the trade-offs inherent to their operation across sensor, hardware architecture, and algorithm; and we compare the resulting designs against traditional state-of-the-art hardware techniques.
Scanning Electron Microscopic Assessment of Stent Coating Integrity in Jailed Wire Technique for Bifurcation Treatment
Authors: Gao Lijian , Zhang Ce , Wang Huanhuan , Zhang Yiqun , Gao Zhan , Xu Bo , Chen Jue , Yuan Jinqing , Qiao Shubin , Chen Jilin
Published: May 2021

Objectives. To assess the impact of different guidewires on stent coating integrity in jailed wire technique (JWT) for bifurcation treatment. Background. JWT is commonly adopted to protect side branch in provisional one-stent strategy for coronary bifurcation lesions. However, this technique may cause defects in stent coatings. The degree of coating damage caused by different types of jailed wires remains unknown. Methods. A fluid model with a bifurcation was established to mimic the condition in vivo. One-stent strategy was performed with three types of guidewire (nonpolymer-jacketed wire, intermediate polymer-jacketed wire, and full polymer-jacketed wire) tested for JWT. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to evaluate stent coating integrity and wire structure. The degrees of coating defects were recorded as no, slight, moderate, and severe defects. Results. A total of 27 samples were tested. Analyses of SEM images showed a significant difference in the degree of coating damage among the three types of wire after the procedure of JWT (

P
<
0.001

). Nonpolymer-jacketed wire could inevitably cause a severe defect in stent coatings, while full polymer-jacketed wire caused the least coating damages. Besides, there were varying degrees of coil deformation in nonpolymer-jacketed wires, while no surface damage or jacket shearing was observed in full polymer-jacketed wires. Conclusions. Although nonpolymer-jacketed wire has long been recommended for JWT, our bench-side study suggests that full polymer-jacketed wire may be a better choice. Further clinical studies are needed to confirm our findings.
Research on the Effect of English Talents Gathering Based on Big Data Hotspot Collection Technology
Authors: Wei Chunyan
Published: May 2021

Talent is the best group in human resources, and the Talents are the best group in human resources, and English-speaking talents are the most dynamic factor in productivity. In order to improve the quantitative analysis ability of the English talent aggregation effect, the English talents aggregation effect analysis model is proposed based on large-scale data collection technology. The collection information flow model of the hotspot big data of English talents aggregation effect is constructed. The high-dimensional feature grouping method is used to reconstruct the hotspot big data of the English talents aggregation effect. The piecewise linear test method is used to analyze the statistical characteristics of the hotspot big data of the English talents aggregation effect and extract the frequent vector set which reflects the hot big data category attribute of the English talents aggregation effect. According to the result of feature extraction, the fuzzy English talents aggregation is processed to realize the fusion of big data information of English talents aggregation effect hotspot. Combined with quantitative analysis method, the automatic classification of big data association rules is realized. The experimental and simulation results show that the proposed method is more accurate and effective than the traditional methods in collecting hotspot data, which is 26% and 76% higher than the traditional methods. This method has better accuracy and improved data aggregation effect in collecting hotspot data of English talents gathering and has strong collecting ability and characteristics. The research improved hotspot big data’s English talents gathering effect.
Cross-Database Micro-Expression Recognition Exploiting Intradomain Structure
Authors: Zhang Yanliang , Liu Ying , Wang Hao
Published: May 2021

Micro-expressions are unconscious, faint, short-lived expressions that appear on the faces. It can make people's understanding of psychological state and emotion more accurate. Therefore, micro-expression recognition is particularly important in psychotherapy and clinical diagnosis, which has been widely studied by researchers for the past decades. In practical applications, the micro-expression recognition samples used in training and testing are from different databases, which causes the feature distribution between the training and testing samples to be different to a large extent, resulting in a drastic decrease in the performance of the traditional micro-expression recognition methods. However, most of the existing cross-database micro-expression recognition methods require a large number of model selection or hyperparameter tuning to select better results from them, which consumes a large amount of time and labor costs. In this paper, we overcome this problem by exploiting the intradomain structure. Nonparametric transfer features are learned through intradomain alignment, while at the same time, a classifier is learned through intradomain programming. In order to evaluate the performance, a large number of cross-database experiments were conducted in CASMEII and SMIC databases. The comparison of results shows that this method can achieve a promising recognition accuracy and with high computational efficiency.
Visual Design of Landscape Architecture Based on High‐Density Three‐Dimensional Internet of Things
Authors: Chen Jue
Published: May 2021

Since different equipment manufacturers may define a set of data transmission protocols of their own types, the high‐density three‐dimensional Internet of Things landscape garden landscape platform needs to provide a unified data transmission interface for the business system. It needs to complete the analysis, storage, and reformatting of different data transmission protocols on the high‐density three‐dimensional Internet of Things landscape service platform. In this paper, based on the conversion analysis between the MLD model of the landscape perception layer of the high‐density three‐dimensional Internet of Things landscape and the automata scheduling model, the conversion of the MLD model of the entire landscape perception layer of the high‐density three‐dimensional IoT landscape and the automata scheduling model is realized. Based on the hierarchical automata high‐density three‐dimensional Internet of Things landscape, this paper studies the global task scheduling and control automata model and the local scheduling automata model in the task, as well as the landscape perception layer rapid scheduling mechanism of independent scheduling strategy. This can be used for different levels of systems to ensure that the perception layer system is orderly, reliable, and fast. They complete the construction of jdk environment, web server, Mongo DB server, MQTT server, JMS server, etc., on the cloud platform. Combined with the landscape, a set of test platforms was built to test the functions and performance indicators of the visualization system cloud platform. The test results show that the cloud platform can realize cross‐platform terminal access, end‐to‐end instant messaging, heterogeneous data processing and storage, etc. It has strong scalability and high processing performance and has application and reference value.
Climate Change Vulnerability and Key Adaptation Trajectory of the Regional Economic System
Authors: Wei Pengbang , Peng Yufang , Chen Weidong
Published: May 2021

From the microperspective, climate change restricts human life in many aspects, and it affects the regional economic system from the macroperspective. The paper presents an inoperability input-output model (IIM) that is an extension approach of the Leontief input-output model. The IIM is able to provide a feasible methodology for measuring the impact of vulnerable economic factors on the whole economic system and identifying the key adaptation trajectory of the economic system. The IIM is applied in Tianjin to explore its dilemmas facing the increased demand for electricity, water, and public health service sectors under the RCP2.5, RCP4.5, and RCP8.5 climate scenarios. The results indicated that the inoperability ranking of all economic sectors is the same under the three climate scenarios. The key adaptation trajectory in Tianjin is S40, S27, S25, S17, S12, S02, S21, S16, S09, S24, S29, S33, S19, S13, and S15 sector in order. The costs required by the key adaptation trajectory to adapt to climate change account for more than 90% of that required by the whole economic system. These results can be helpful for policy-makers to prioritize sectors in terms of climate adaptation and understand the efficacy of climate change risk mitigation strategies.
Application of Principal Component Analysis-Assisted Neural Networks for the Rotor Blade Load Prediction
Authors: Zheng Jiahong , Jiao Shuaike , Cui Ding
Published: May 2021

This paper presents a novel approach of principal component analysis- (PCA-) assisted back propagation (BP) neural networks for the problem of rotor blade load prediction. 86.5 hours of real flight data were collected from many steady-state and transient flight maneuvers at different altitudes and airspeeds. Prediction of the blade loads was determined by the PCA-BP model from 16 flight parameters measured and monitored by the flight control computer already present in the helicopter. PCA was applied to reduce the dimension of the flight parameters influencing the component load and eliminate the correlation among flight parameters. Thus, obtained principal components were used as input vectors of the BP neural network. The combined PCA-BP neural network model was trained and tested by real flight data. Comparison of this model and to a BP neural network model as well as to a multiple linear regression (MLR) model was also done. The results of comparison demonstrate that the PCA-BP model has higher prediction precision with an average error of 2.46%, while 4.49% for BP and 10.20% for MLR. The results also reveal that the PCA-BP model has a shorter convergence path than the BP model. This method not only is useful in establishing the load spectra of helicopter rotor in-service where installation of strain gauges is impractical but also can reduce the cost of installation and maintenance measured by strain gauges.
Effects of Posttreatments on the Storage Stability of Reclaimed Rubber
Authors: Lu Na , Shen Mei , Liu Juan , Prakashan K. , Xin Zhenxiang
Published: May 2021

Reclaimed rubber should be considered a source of new material with an economic impact, so the recycling of waste rubber is especially important. In this paper, sulfur-cured waste tire rubber powder is successfully devulcanized in a normal-pressure continuous regeneration system under the application of an activator and aromatic oil. Then, the reclaimed rubber was subjected to further mechanical shearing using a two-roll mill, rubber extruder, and rubber strainer. The effects of the storage time at room temperature on the properties and structure of reclaimed rubber were examined by sol fraction measurement, Mooney viscosity measurement, crosslink density measurement, tensile property testing, and Rubber Process Analyzer (RPA) measurement. The results under the test conditions indicated that different postprocessing operations were not making much difference to the properties of the reclaimed rubber. But the effect of storage time is more significant; the Mooney viscosity value increased from 65 to 90 when the storage period increases to 60 days, the sol fraction decreased, and the crosslink and density storage modulus also increased with increasing storage time due to the slow recombination and aggregation of the molecular fragments with free radicals happening in the reclaimed rubber during the storage.
The Influence of Donor and Recipient Complement C3 Polymorphisms on Liver Transplant Outcome
Authors: Pires Maria , Underhill James , Douiri Abdel , Quaglia Alberto , Jassem Wayel , Bernal William , Heaton Nigel , Morgan Phillip , Thompson Richard , Tredger J. Michael
Published: May 2021

Despite early reports of an impact of complement C3 polymorphism on liver transplant patient and graft survival, subsequent evidence has been conflicting. Our aim was to clarify the contributions of donor and recipient C3 genotype, separately and together, on patient and graft outcomes and acute rejection incidence in liver transplant recipients. Eight donor/recipient groups were analyzed according to their genotype and presence or absence of C3 F allele (FFFS, FFSS, FSFF, FSFS, FSSS, SSFF, SSFS, and SSSS) and correlated with clinical outcomes of patient survival, graft survival, and rejection. The further impact of brain death vs. circulatory death during liver donation was also considered. Over a median 5.3 y follow-up of 506 patients with clinical information and matching donor and recipient tissue, five-year patient and graft survival (95% confidence interval) were 90(81-91)% and 77(73-85)%, respectively, and 72(69-94)% were rejection-free. Early disadvantages to patient survival were associated with donor C3 F variant, especially in brain-death donors. Recipient C3 genotype was an independent determinant of graft survival by Cox proportional hazards analysis (hazard ratio 0.26,P=0.04), and the C3 F donor variant was again associated with worse liver graft survival, particularly in brain-death donors. C3 genotype did not independently determine rejection incidence, but a greater proportion of recipient C3 F carriers were rejection-free in the circulatory death, but not the brain-death cohort. Cox proportional hazards analysis revealed significant effects of acute rejection on patient survival (hazard ratio 0.24,P=0.018), of retransplantation on rejection risk (hazard ratio 6.3,P=0.009), and of donor type (circulatory-death vs. brain-death) on rejection incidence (hazard ratio 4.9,P=0.005). We conclude that both donor and recipient complement C3 genotype may influence patient and graft outcomes after liver transplantation but that the type of liver donor is additionally influential, possibly via the inflammatory environment of the transplant.
Cost-Sensitive Approach to Improve the HTTP Traffic Detection Performance on Imbalanced Data
Authors: Li Wenmin , Sun Sanqi , Zhang Shuo , Zhang Hua , Shi Yijie
Published: May 2021

Aim. The purpose of this study is how to better detect attack traffic in imbalance datasets. The deep learning technology has played an important role in detecting malicious network traffic in recent years. However, it suffers serious imbalance distribution of data if the traffic model skews towards the modeling in the benign direction, because only a small portion of traffic is malicious, while most network traffic is benign. That is the reason why the authors wrote this manuscript. Methods. We propose a cost-sensitive approach to improve the HTTP traffic detection performance with imbalanced data and also present a character-level abstract feature extraction approach that can provide features with clear decision boundaries in addition. Finally, we design a spark-based HTTP traffic detection system based on these two approaches. Results. The methods proposed in this paper work well in imbalanced datasets. Compared to other methods, the experiment results indicate that our system has F1-score in a high precision. Conclusion. For imbalanced HTTP traffic detection, we confirmed that the method of feature extraction and the cost function is very effective. In the future, we may focus on how to use the cost function to further improve detection performance.
Some Fixed Point Theorems of Contractive Mappings in

P
b
r

-Cone Metric Spaces over Banach Algebras
Authors: Auwalu Abba , Hinçal Evren
Published: May 2021

In this paper, we introduce the concept of a

P
b
r

-cone metric space over Banach algebras and prove some fixed point results under various contractive mappings in such a space. Some examples are given to elucidate the results. Our results extend and generalize many existing results in the literature.
Road Pavement Information Modeling through Maintenance Scenario Evaluation
Authors: Oreto C. , Biancardo S. A. , Viscione N. , Veropalumbo R. , Russo F.
Published: May 2021

Road maintenance operations involve the preservation of the optimal functionality of the pavement. Sometimes the rehabilitation of the pavement layout does not have long lasting effects due to a lack of compliance with the constraints imposed by the technical specifications for the design of materials. The purpose of this paper is to present an efficient BIM tool to help in road maintenance operations through the management of data arising from laboratory testing of road pavement bituminous materials required for the quality control of mixtures. The database associated to the BIM model is a collection of three years of data derived from laboratory investigation on bituminous mixtures’ samples adopted for the maintenance of four main roads located in southern Italy. An algorithm that interacts with the three-dimensional road model has been implemented in order to give road administrations an easy-to-read alert signal for the road pavement structure of the road network that may present the most critical conditions due to poor mechanical and physical features.
A Method for Improving the Accuracy of Link Prediction Algorithms
Authors: Li Jie , Peng Xiyang , Wang Jian , Zhao Na
Published: May 2021

Link prediction is a key tool for studying the structure and evolution mechanism of complex networks. Recommending new friend relationships through accurate link prediction is one of the important factors in the evolution, development, and popularization of social networks. At present, scholars have proposed many link prediction algorithms based on the similarity of local information and random walks. These algorithms help identify actual missing and false links in various networks. However, the prediction results significantly differ in networks with various structures, and the prediction accuracy is low. This study proposes a method for improving the accuracy of link prediction. Before link prediction, k‐shell decomposition method is used to layer the network, and the nodes that are in 1‐shell and the nodes that are not linked to the high‐shell in the 2‐shell are deleted. The experiments on four real network datasets verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Early Osteogenic Differentiation Stimulation of Dental Pulp Stem Cells by Calcitriol and Curcumin
Authors: Samiei Mohammad , Abedi Atefeh , Sharifi Simin , Maleki Dizaj Solmaz
Published: May 2021

Curcumin, as a natural phenolic substance, is extracted from the rhizome of Curcuma longa (turmeric), which is effective in bone healthfulness. Calcitriol is an effective hormone in regulating bone remodeling and mineral homeostasis and immune response. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are found in most dental tissues and resemble bone marrow-derived MSCs. In this work, we investigated the effect of combination and individual treatment of curcumin and calcitriol on early osteogenic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs). Early osteogenic differentiation was evaluated and confirmed by the gene expression level of ALP and its activity. Curcumin individually and in combination with calcitriol increased ALP activity and osteoblast-specific mRNA expression of ALP when DPSCs were cultured in an osteogenic medium. Calcitriol alone increased the enzyme more than in combination with curcumin. These findings demonstrate that curcumin can induce early osteogenic differentiation of DPSCs like calcitriol as a potent stimulant of osteogenesis.
Single-Cell Epigenomics and Functional Fine-Mapping of Atherosclerosis GWAS Loci
Authors: Örd Tiit , Õunap Kadri , Stolze Lindsey K. , Aherrahrou Redouane , Nurminen Valtteri , Toropainen Anu , Selvarajan Ilakya , Lönnberg Tapio , Aavik Einari , Ylä-Herttuala Seppo , Civelek Mete , Romanoski Casey E. , Kaikkonen Minna U.
Published: May 2021

Rationale:

Genome-wide association studies have identified hundreds of loci associated with coronary artery disease (CAD). Many of these loci are enriched in cisregulatory elements but not linked to cardiometabolic risk factors nor to candidate causal genes, complicating their functional interpretation.

Objective:

Single-nucleus chromatin accessibility profiling of the human atherosclerotic lesions was used to investigate cell type–specific patterns of cisregulatory elements, to understand transcription factors establishing cell identity, and to interpret CAD-relevant, noncoding genetic variation.

Methods and Results:

We used single-nucleus ATAC-seq (assay for transposase-accessible chromatin with sequencing) to generate DNA accessibility maps in >7000 cells derived from human atherosclerotic lesions. We identified 5 major lesional cell types including endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, monocyte/macrophages, natural killer/T cells, and B cells and further investigated subtype characteristics of macrophages and smooth muscle cells transitioning into fibromyocytes. We demonstrated that CAD-associated genetic variants are particularly enriched in endothelial and smooth muscle cell–specific open chromatin. Using single-cell coaccessibility and cis–expression quantitative trait loci information, we prioritized putative target genes and candidate regulatory elements for ≈30% of all known CAD loci. Finally, we performed genome-wide experimental fine-mapping of the CAD variants identified in genome-wide association studies using epigenetic quantitative trait loci analysis in primary human aortic endothelial cells and self-transcribing active regulatory region sequencing (STARR-Seq) massively parallel reporter assay in smooth muscle cells. This analysis identified potential causal single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and the associated target gene for over 30 CAD loci. We present several examples where the chromatin accessibility and gene expression could be assigned to one cell type predicting the cell type of action for CAD loci.

Conclusions:

These findings highlight the potential of applying single-nucleus ATAC-seq to human tissues in revealing relative contributions of distinct cell types to diseases and in identifying genes likely to be influenced by noncoding genome-wide association study variants.
Fritillaria arsusiana (Lilieae, Liliaceae), a new species from southern Anatolia

Authors: YILDIRIM HASAN , TEKŞEN MEHTAP
Published: May 2021

In this study, Fritillaria arsusiana (Liliaceae) is described and illustrated as a new species from Hatay province in southern Anatolia, Turkey. It is related to F. amana and F. hermonis by habitus features and broadly campanulate flowers, but differs mainly by its bulb shape and size, smaller leaf and flower features, and flower colour. It has also been morphologically compared with F. wendelboi, F. pinardii, and F. latakiensis. The detailed description, diagnostic characters, original photographs, geographical distribution, habitat and phenology, etymology, conservation status, and identification key of the new and the related species are presented in this study. IUCN conservation status of F. arsusiana is suggested as Critically Endangered (CR).
The Rhyacophila fasciata Group in Europe: Rhyacophila fasciata Hagen 1859 and formerly synonymized species (Trichoptera: Rhyacophilidae), with new description of Rhyacophila fasciata and Rhyacophila septentrionis McLachlan 1865 (stat. prom.).
Authors: VALLADOLID MARÍA , ARAUZO MERCEDES , CHERTOPRUD MIKHAIL V. , CHVOJKA PAVEL , CZACHOROWSKI STANISŁAW , DORDA BEATRIZ A. , HINIĆ JELENA , IBRAHIMI HALIL , KARAOUZAS IOANNIS , KRPAČ VLADIMIR , KUČINIĆ MLADEN , LODOVICI OMAR , SALOKANNEL JUHA , STAMENKOVIĆ VALENTINA SLAVEVSKA , STOJANOVIĆ KATARINA , WALLACE IAN , REY ISABEL
Published: May 2021

The presence and distribution of Rhyacophila fasciata Hagen 1859 in Europe were revised, based on bibliographic study, collection specimens, and new material collected in different countries. The status of formerly synonymized species, Rhyacophila ferruginea (Scopoli 1763) and Rhyacophila septentrionis McLachlan 1865 was also assessed. The type of R. ferruginea is missing, the taxon is still unidentified, and thus we propose Rhyacophila ferruginea as a nomen dubium. Morphological features and genetic evidence revealed that R. septentrionis differs from R. fasciata, so we propose to change its status to status resurrectus. We therefore include new descriptions of the different stages (larva, pupa, male, and female) of R. fasciata and of R. septentrionis, together with a molecular analysis based on mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (mtCOI) and ecological notes. The species R. coppai Oláh 2020 NEW SYNONYM and R. soreda Coppa & Oláh 2020 NEW SYNONYM are synonyms of R. sociata Navás 1916; the species R. kopasa Oláh & Coppa 2020 NEW SYNONYM and R. rova Oláh & Coppa 2020 NEW SYNONYM are synonyms of R. denticulata McLachlan 1879; the species R. matrensis Oláh & Szczęsny 2020 is probably a synonym of R. fasciata, so more study of this species is needed in order to confirm or deny that it is a valid species.
Population-level morphological variation of Anisotremus interruptus (Gill, 1862) (Perciformes: Haemulidae) in the Tropical Eastern Pacific, with the description of two new species
Authors: ACEVEDO-ÁLVAREZ EDGAR ADRIÁN , RUIZ-CAMPOS GORGONIO , DOMÍNGUEZ-DOMÍNGUEZ OMAR
Published: May 2021

The family Haemulidae is a wide-ranging group of marine fishes that are of significant commercial value in the Tropical Eastern Pacific (TEP). Phylogenetic studies on the species Anisotremus interruptus have revealed high levels of genetic diversity as well as divergence among populations in the TEP, which suggests that the taxonomic diversity of A. interruptus could be underestimated. Anisotremus interruptus has a large distribution, ranging from central Baja California, Mexico to northern Peru, including all oceanic islands except Clipperton. Recent genetic studies on this taxon indicate the presence of a species complex of at least three distinctive lineages. We performed a comparative study of the population-level meristic and morphometric variation of A. interruptus in the TEP to evaluate and identify possible morphological features concordant with the genetic differentiation of populations. Our results provide evidence of the presence of two new species of the genus Anisotremus, A. perezponcedeleoni sp. n. from the Revillagigedo Archipelago and A. espinozai sp.n. from Galapagos Archipelago-Cocos Island.
Male of Spilarctia mikeli Bolotov, Kondakov & Spitsyn, 2018, an endemic species from Flores Island, Lesser Sunda Archipelago (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae)
Authors: SPITSYN VITALY M. , KONDAKOV ALEXANDER V. , TOMILOVA ALENA A. , SPITSYNA ELIZAVETA A. , BOLOTOV IVAN N.
Published: May 2021

The Lepidoptera fauna of the island of Flores (Lesser Sunda Archipelago, Indonesia) shares a large proportion of endemic species, which may reach 80–100% in several groups (Zolotuhin & Witt 2005; Nässig et al. 2009; Zolotuhin 2009; Nässig & Bouyer 2010; Yakovlev 2015; Spitsyn & Potapov 2020; Spitsyn & Bolotov 2020). A plethora of new species was described from this island during the last 15 years, e.g. the tiger moth Spilarctia mikeli Bolotov, Kondakov & Spitsyn, 2018 (Zolotuhin & Witt 2005; Yakovlev 2006; Spitsyn & Bolotov 2020a, b, c). This species was described based on a single female specimen collected in West Flores (Bolotov et al. 2018). In the present paper, we describe the male of Spilarctia mikeli for the first time, and illustrate variability of marking patterns of both the male and the female of this species.
The Global Satellite Precipitation Constellation: Current Status and Future Requirements
Authors: Kidd Chris , Huffman George , Maggioni Viviana , Chambon Philippe , Oki Riko
Published: May 2021

To address the need to map precipitation on a global scale, a collection of satellites carrying passive microwave (PMW) radiometers has grown over the last 20 years to form a constellation of about 10–12 sensors at any one time. Over the same period, a broad range of science and user communities has become increasingly dependent on the precipitation products provided by these sensors. The constellation presently consists of both conical and cross-track-scanning precipitation-capable multichannel instruments, many of which are beyond their operational and design lifetime but continue to operate through the cooperation of the responsible agencies. The Group on Earth Observations and the Coordinating Group for Meteorological Satellites (CGMS), among other groups, have raised the issue of how a robust, future precipitation constellation should be constructed. The key issues of current and future requirements for the mapping of global precipitation from satellite sensors can be summarized as providing 1) sufficiently fine spatial resolutions to capture precipitation-scale systems and reduce the beam-filling effects of the observations; 2) a wide channel diversity for each sensor to cover the range of precipitation types, characteristics, and intensities observed across the globe; 3) an observation interval that provides temporal sampling commensurate with the variability of precipitation; and 4) precipitation radars and radiometers in low-inclination orbit to provide a consistent calibration source, as demonstrated by the first two spaceborne radar–radiometer combinations on the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) and Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) mission Core Observatory. These issues are critical in determining the direction of future constellation requirements while preserving the continuity of the existing constellation necessary for long-term climate-scale studies.
The large-scale, long-term coupling of temperature, hydrology, and water isotopes
Authors: Siler Nicholas , Bailey Adriana , Roe Gerard H. , Buizert Christo , Markle Bradley , Noone David
Published: May 2021

The stable isotope ratios of oxygen and hydrogen in polar ice cores are known to record environmental change, and they have been widely used as a paleothermometer. Although it is known to be a simplification, the relationship is often explained by invoking a single condensation pathway with progressive distillation to the temperature at the location of the ice core. In reality, the physical factors are complicated, and recent studies have identified robust aspects of the hydrologic cycle’s response to climate change that could influence the isotope-temperature relationship. In this study, we introduce a new zonal-mean isotope model derived from radiative transfer theory, and incorporate it into a recently developed moist energy balance climate model (MEBM), thus providing an internally consistent representation of the tight physical coupling between temperature, hydrology, and isotope ratios in the zonal-mean climate. The isotope model reproduces the observed pattern of meteoric δ18O in the modern climate, and allows us to evaluate the relative importance of different processes for the temporal correlation between δ18O and temperature at high latitudes. We find that the positive temporal correlation in polar ice cores is predominantly a result of suppressed high-latitude evaporation with cooling, rather than local temperature changes. The same mechanism also explains the difference in the strength of the isotope-temperature relationship between Greenland and Antarctica.
Adaptation confusion? A longitudinal examination of the concept “climate change adaptation” in Norwegian municipal surveys.
Authors: Selseng Torbjørn , Klemetsen Marit , Rusdal Tone
Published: May 2021

In recent decades, there has been a surge in the scholarship on climate change adaptation (CCA) terminology and diverging interpretations of the term has emerged. Given the crucial role of local governments in building society-wide adaptive capacity, understanding how municipalities understand and interpret CCA, is important. In this study, we analyse twelve large-scale questionnaires from 2007 to 2020 distributed to all Norwegian municipalities. Using a combination of directed and conventional content analysis of the questions and answers, we summarise and map the progress of adaptation work over the 14 years and assess the consistency and the scope of the surveys in light of the current research on climate adaptation. We find diverging views on what adaptation entails, both from the researchers, in the phrasing of questions, and from the respondents. The empirical evidence suggests an overall imbalanced interpretation of CCA, both in terms of the risks and consequences we may face, the climate that needs adapting to, as well as adequate adaptation strategies. We go on to discuss the implications of these findings, highlighting the need for a shared and well-communicated framework for local CCA and a closer monitoring of the actual efforts of the municipalities. If instead left unchecked, this confusion might lead to unsustainable maladaptation at the local government level throughout Norway and beyond.
How liminality enhances conviviality through multilingual co-creations: Young refugees in the Netherlands
Authors: Pozzo Moos , Ghorashi Halleh
Published: May 2021

This article explores the multilingual creativity of young refugees in the Netherlands and the social contexts and situations in which it develops. Because these young refugees form an under-researched group, the authors build on different discipline-based studies on (young migrants’) multilingualism, super-diversity, conviviality, liminality and networks. The authors start with the collection of personal network data including languages used with each network member. These data show that participants use and combine the Dutch language with the majority of non-native people in their networks. To explain this, the network data are connected with participants’ ‘network stories’. In these stories, participants refer to the asylum seeker centres, where they began their lives in the Netherlands, as the breeding ground for their multilingual creations with the Dutch language. The authors show how, in the liminal and super-diverse context of these centres, young refugees’ multilingual practices and innovations enhanced conviviality and connectedness. The authors also delineate how ‘oldcomer’ and ‘newcomer’ participants’ distinct multilingual innovations relate to their different present networks. In both groups, however, these innovations are a source of belonging among the non-natives in their networks.
Improving Struggling Fifth-Grade Students’ Understanding of Fractions: A Randomized Controlled Trial of an Intervention That Stresses Both Concepts and Procedures
Authors: Jayanthi Madhavi , Gersten Russell , Schumacher Robin F. , Dimino Joseph , Smolkowski Keith , Spallone Samantha
Published: May 2021

Using a randomized controlled trial, we examined the effect of a fractions intervention for students experiencing mathematical difficulties in Grade 5. Students who were eligible for the study ( n = 205) were randomly assigned to intervention and comparison conditions, blocked by teacher. The intervention used systematic, explicit instruction and relied on linear representations (e.g., Cuisenaire Rods and number lines) to demonstrate key fractions concepts. Enhancing students’ mathematical explanations was also a focus. Results indicated that intervention students significantly outperformed students from the comparison condition on measures of fractions proficiency and understanding ( g = 0.66–0.78), number line estimation ( g = 0.80–1.08), fractions procedures ( g = 1.07), and explanation tasks ( g = 0.68–1.23). Findings suggest that interventions designed to include explicit instruction, along with consistent use of the number line and opportunities to explain reasoning, can promote students’ proficiency and understanding of fractions.
Examining Special Education on Social and Academic Outcomes
Authors: Jones Leah
Published: May 2021

The article investigates how a change in educational status from general education to special education is associated with students’ social confidence and academic outcomes. This study uses longitudinal data, a difference-in-difference model, and propensity score matching techniques. Findings indicate that students placed in special education, on average, have lower social confidence and perform worse academically than similarly performing students who remain in general education. Special education can have unintended consequences, and more research is needed to improve students’ educational and social outcomes.
Creating Artificial Environment for Teaching Communication
Authors: Bourina Helena V. , Dunaeva Larisa A.
Published: May 2021

The process of mastering a foreign language at a Russian university is carried out in a specially organized linguodidactic environment, which implies a methodical system created in accordance with peculiarities of a natural linguocultural society. This system combines components of effective teaching and methods of pedagogical management ensuring a step-by-step development of students’ linguistic personality based on European standards of language proficiency. The necessary basis for a modern linguodidactic environment is information and communications technology (ICT), which opens unrestricted access to the world of native speakers in the global communication network. The linguodidactic language environment, which is based on ICT tools, demonstrates and thereby shapes sociocultural stereotypes, and provides an opportunity to learn peculiarities of communicative behavior in a foreign language. Moreover, such linguodidactic language environment ensures students’ participation in real language communication and pushes the boundaries of conventional educational situations, thus, expanding students’ experience of intercultural communication.
A Bibliometric Review on Outcome-Based Learning for Graduate Employability: Mapping the Research Front
Authors: Raihan Mohammad Zahir , Azad Md. Abul Kalam
Published: May 2021

The outcome-based learning for graduate employability in higher education has been an important research topic among the policymakers, academicians, and researchers over the years. Yet, no bibliometric review on this topic has been published. This study, for the first time, examines bibliometric analysis on this topic examining current research trend and future research agenda. The bibliometrix package in R software and VOSviewer software are used for visualization and interpretation of results. A content analysis is performed to manually examine the bibliometric results.
Subjects in crisis: Paradoxes of emancipation and alter-neoliberal critique
Authors: Soudias Dimitris
Published: May 2021

This article examines the formation of political subjectivity in times of neoliberalization and crisis. It does so by following the meaning-making practices of Penelope, a participant of the 2011 Syntagma Square occupation in Athens. The Syntagma Square encampment was at the heart of Greece’s anti-austerity movement. Prior to this experience, Penelope says she ‘wasn’t the most sophisticated person’ politically, yet that she ‘changed’ for the better precisely because of her participation. What does Penelope aspire to and what does she demarcate her self from against the backdrop of austerity neoliberalism, crisis, and her experience in the square? And what remains of her participation experience years on with regard to subjectivity? This article claims that the relationship between subject formation and emancipation under neoliberalism is paradoxical: in her effort to overcome neoliberal rationalities in Greece, Penelope is also unwittingly reproducing them. In disentangling this paradox, this article concludes with a theorization of what I call ‘alter-neoliberal critique’: against and beyond neoliberalism.
An Examination of the Conceptual Structure of Long-Term Goal Striving
Authors: Lam Kelly Ka Lai , Zhou Mingming
Published: May 2021

Long-term goal striving has been recognized as an important stage in goal achievement. Compared with the development of measurements of goal setting, researchers tended to measure goal striving in different manners. This study examined the conceptual structure of goal striving and validated a new scale to operationalize the construct within academic learning contexts. A 25-item scale was validated with 522 Chinese university students to assess its factor structure, reliability, gender invariance, criterion-related validity, and incremental validity. Confirmatory factor analysis results supported both the first-order and second-order model. Overall, the scale showed good reliability, validity, and invariance across gender. We suggested that this new scale could be used as an effective measure to assess the level of goal striving among university students in a Chinese context.
Efficient indexing and retrieval of patient information from the big data using MapReduce framework and optimisation
Authors: Merlin N.R. Gladiss , Prem. M Vigilson
Published: May 2021

Large and complex data becomes a valuable resource in biomedical discovery, which is highly facilitated to increase the scientific resources for retrieving the helpful information. However, indexing and retrieving the patient information from the disparate source of big data is challenging in biomedical research. Indexing and retrieving the patient information from big data is performed using the MapReduce framework. In this research, the indexing and retrieval of information are performed using the proposed Jaya-Sine Cosine Algorithm (Jaya–SCA)-based MapReduce framework. Initially, the input big data is forwarded to the mapper randomly. The average of each mapper data is calculated, and these data are forwarded to the reducer, where the representative data are stored. For each user query, the input query is matched with the reducer, and thereby, it switches over to the mapper for retrieving the matched best result. The bilevel matching is performed while retrieving the data from the mapper based on the distance between the query. The similarity measure is computed based on the parametric-enabled similarity measure (PESM), cosine similarity and the proposed Jaya–SCA, which is the integration of the Jaya algorithm and the SCA. Moreover, the proposed Jaya–SCA algorithm attained the maximum value of F-measure, recall and precision of 0.5323, 0.4400 and 0.6867, respectively, using the StatLog Heart Disease dataset.