bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Political ecology explanations for ineffective environmental governance for sustainability in the Amazon: A comparative analysis of cases from Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, and Peru
Authors: Morales-Giner Pilar , Speranza Martina Laura , Arteaga Marliz , Baudoin Farah Andrea , Ferreira da Fonseca Junior Sinomar , García Villacorta Angélica , Montero Álvarez Pamela , Rosero Peña Martha , Perz Stephen G
Published: February 2023

There is an extensive literature on environmental governance, which refers to multi-stakeholder processes to arrive at collective decisions about how natural resources will be managed. Recent work on environmental governance has focused on outcomes in terms of social-environmental sustainability. However, questions remain about the effectiveness of environmental governance in practice for yielding sustainable social or environmental outcomes. In cases where environmental governance processes prove ineffective, political ecology offers analytical approaches involving explanations that can account for unsustainable outcomes. In addition, an emergent literature on environmental governance provides frameworks to evaluate its effectiveness by unpacking it with regard to diverse criteria. These two literatures together permit analysis of how political ecology and other potential explanations can account for ineffective environmental governance in terms of specific unmet criteria. Analysis of ineffective environmental governance is likely to be especially valuable in a comparative perspective, in which multi-case studies can reveal the extent to which political ecology explanations predominate across cases. We focus on the Amazon, a large region with high social and biological diversity and where competing stakeholders engage in conflict over governance of natural resources. We pursue a comparative analysis of five cases where environmental governance has been ineffective in terms of sustainable outcomes. In each case, we identified five key explanations for ineffective environmental governance. We then coded those explanations with regard to whether they invoke issues highlighted by political ecology. We also coded them considering environmental governance evaluation frameworks to identify the unmet criteria for environmental governance to be effective. We then pursued a comparative analysis of similarities and differences across the cases. The findings indicate that political ecology issues are predominant among explanations for ineffective environmental governance across all five cases. The results also reveal which environmental governance evaluation criteria are most often unmet among the cases. The findings highlight the importance of political ecology for understanding ineffective environmental governance, and permit delineation of specific criteria for effective environmental governance that can be the focus of strategies to improve environmental governance for sustainability.
De novo Genome Assembly of Auanema melissensis, a Trioecious Free-Living Nematode
Authors: Tandonnet Sophie , Haq Maairah , Turner Anisa , Grana Theresa , Paganopoulou Panagiota , Adams Sally , Dhawan Sandhya , Kanzaki Natsumi , Nuez Isabelle , Félix Marie-Anne , Pires-daSilva André
Published: February 2023

Nematodes of the genus Auanema are interesting models for studying sex determination mechanisms because their populations consist of three sexual morphs (males, females, and hermaphrodites) and produce skewed sex ratios. Here, we introduce a new undescribed species of this genus, Auanema melissensis n. sp., together with its draft nuclear genome. This species is also trioecious and does not cross with the other described species A. rhodensis or A. freiburgensis. Similar to A. freiburgensis, A. melissensis’ maternal environment influences the hermaphrodite versus female sex determination of the offspring. The genome of A. melissensis is ~60 Mb, containing 11,040 protein-coding genes and 8.07% of repeat sequences. Using the estimated ancestral chromosomal gene content (Nigon elements), it was possible to identify putative X chromosome scaffolds.
PENGARUH GHRM, TASK-RELATED PRO-ENVIRONMENTAL BEHAVIOR, PROACTIVE PRO-ENVIRONMENTAL BEHAVIOR, GREEN INNOVATION PRACTICES TERHADAP ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE
Authors: Nurulfadhilah Laely , Emilisa Netania
Published: February 2023

This study has the objective of analyzing the positive influence of Green Human Resources Management, Task-Related Pro-Environmental Behavior, Proactive ProEnvironmental Behavior, Green Innovation Practices on Environmental Performance in Banten provincial hospitals using descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression. The data collection carried out in this study used a literature study and a questionnaire which was distributed online through the Google form media and was measured by a Likert scale. A sample of 160 people was determined using purposive sampling. This study shows that GHRM, Task-Related Pro-Environmental Behavior, Proactive Pro-Environmental Behavior, GIP have a positive effect on Environmental Performance. Managerial implications in this research need to pay attention to several variables so that the application can run effectively and improve environmental performance. As well as the limitations, namely this research was only conducted in a Banten regional hospital and further suggestions in this finding have been discussed to monitor GHRM, Pro-Environmental Behavior, and GIP practices that affect employee Environmental Performance.

Keywords: GHRM, Pro-Environmental Behavior, Green Innovation Practices, Environmental Performance
Partizipation von Stakeholdern in der Versor-gungsforschung: politische Erwartungen, Nutzen und praktische Impulse
Authors:   Universität zu Köln, Krieger Theresia , Nellessen-Martens Gisela ,   Pathways Public Health GmbH, Berlin
Published: February 2023

In Germany, the politically formulated expectations of active involvement, i.e. the participation of those involved and affected, in health and care research are high. However, so far a minority of participatory research has been conducted. Currently there is little transparency as to whether, when and how intensively stakeholders are involved in projects, which is forced by various circumstances. This contribution first sets out the benefits and purpose of participatory approaches. Next, the variety of approaches is described and the associated question “Who is to be involved when, where and how?” is discussed. In order to improve the visibility, comprehensibility and documentation capability of participatory approaches, the „participation net“ is presented. This instrument is also available digitally free of charge. Finally, practical impulses for the promotion of participatory approaches are given for the sponsors. Participatory research is challenging, on the other hand it offers additional benefits for everyone involved, i. e. researchers and stakeholders.
Realidades accesibles mediante la ficción: los casos de Carlos Drummond Andrade y João Guimarães Rosa
Authors: Costanzo Claudia
Published: February 2023

Nos proponemos dar una posible respuesta a la pregunta: ¿por qué, pudiendo elegir la versión periodística de la realidad, preferimos, a menudo, su versión literaria? La narrativa de Guimarães y la poesía de Drummond son interesantes ejemplos de referencias de realidades que solo podemos entender colocándolas en clave de ficción. En ambos casos la referencia a la realidad se sintetiza en la palabra “regionalismo”; los dos —aunque sobre todo Guimarães— hicieron de su ambiente el protagonista de sus textos y ambos llevaron magistralmente a la práctica la muy brasilera filosofía de la “antropofagia cultural”, que supone la intertextualidad, la parodia y la otredad. A la vez, ellos lograron hacer inteligible el Brasil, allende las fronteras, por haber sabido mostrar el atractivo inmanente de esos mundos que, desde Europa, consideramos “distintos”. El procedimiento narrativo básico para lograrlo fue darle un status ficticio a la verdad.
José Zuleta Ortiz, Lo que no fue dicho, Bogotá, Editorial Planeta-Seix Barral, 2021, 259 págs.
Authors: Bautista-Cabrera Álvaro
Published: February 2023

Recibido: 07 de diciembre de 2022.
Comparison of small biopsy and cytology specimens: Subtyping of pulmonary adenocarcinoma
Authors: Ma Cao , Zhang Lihua
Published: February 2023

Objectives:

The aims of this study was to investigate the use of cytologic samples for subclassification of lung adenocarcinoma and the cytologic-histologic correlation in lung adenocarcinoma subtypes using small samples.

Methods and Methods:

Cytological characteristics of lung adenocarcinoma subtypes were summarized by a literature review. Cytology samples from 115 patients with lung adenocarcinoma confirmed by small biopsies were classified by subtype. The diagnostic concordance of subtypes between biopsy and cytology samples was assessed.

Results:

Among the 115 cases, 62 (53.9%) had acinar predominant pattern, 16 (13.9%) were papillary predominant pattern, 29 (25.2%) had solid predominant pattern, 3 (2.6%) had lepidic predominant pattern, and 5 (4.3%) had micropapillary predominant pattern. All corresponding cytologic samples were classified into five subtypes based on cytomorphology features, with concordance rates of 74.2% (46 patients) in c-acinar subtype, 56.3% (nine patients) in c-papillary subtype, 24.1% (seven patients) in c-solid subtype, 66.7% (two patients) in c-lepidic subtype, and 40% (two patients) in c-micropapillary subtype. Collectively, the cytology and small biopsy concordance rate was approximately 57.4%.

Conclusion:

Subtyping of lung adenocarcinoma using cytologic specimens is challenging and the consistency rate varies with the subtype. Acinar predominant tumors have an excellent cytologic-histologic correlation compared to tumors with predominant solid or micropapillary pattern. Evaluating cytomorphologic features of different lung adenocarcinoma subtypes can reduce the false-negative rate of lung adenocarcinoma, particularly for the mild, atypical micropapillary subtype, and improve diagnostic accuracy.
Comparison between the effectiveness of Dental tape, Flosser®, and Superfloss® in controlling interproximal biofilm: A randomized and clinical study
Authors: da Silva Isabele Fernandes Vieira , Henriques Paulo Sérgio Gomes
Published: February 2023

Objectives:

The most effective way to control gingivitis and periodontitis is biofilm mechanical removal. The aim of this randomized and clinical study was to compare the efficacy of three different methods of controlling interproximal biofilm: Dental tape, Dental floss holder (Flosser®), and Superfloss®.

Materials and Methods:

This study consisted of 15 volunteers of both genders, with ages between 18 and 50 years who presented at Dental School São Leopoldo Mandic, having sufficient motor skills for the oral hygiene with plaque index greater than 20%. All participants received instructions to brush using Bass technique as well the correct way to practice interproximal cleaning. The bleeding index (BI) using the periodontal millimeter probe and the plaque index (PI) through disclosing agents were taken in the five phases of the study (baseline, 15,30,45 and 60 days). The 15 volunteers were randomly divided in three Groups with three specific apparatus (A-Dental tape, B-Flosser®, and C-Superfloss®). At the 15 subsequent days, Groups A, B, and C, through a new randomized drawing, received an original tool. There was a 15-day Washout period between the second and the third method, in which the volunteer could choose to use the cleaning apparatus they preferred among the two previously used.

Results:

The variance analyses for randomized blocks indicated a statistically significant difference in plaque index (P < 0.001) and bleeding index (P = 0.011), with Flosser®, compared to others. During the washout period, most volunteers opted for Flosser®, reporting great ease and practicality.

Conclusion:

Despite the bleeding and PI reduction with the different devices, the dental floss holder (Flosser®) is a viable alternatives to manual flossing, still being preferred by volunteers.
GOAL-SETTING PROVISIONS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF DISTRICT HEATING SYSTEMS AS A COMPONENT OF THE ENERGY SECTOR
Authors:   Institute of Engineering Thermophysics of NAS of Ukraine, Tymchenko Mykola , Fialko Nataliia ,   Institute of Engineering Thermophysics of NAS of Ukraine
Published: February 2023

In the context of the analysis of the main trends in the development of district heating systems, the main goal-setting provisions for determining the directions of their development are considered. The data concerning the synthesis of the considered goal-setting provisions for the construction of a set of requirements and criteria necessary for the development of directions for the modernization of district heating systems in Ukraine are presented.
THEORETICAL ASPECTS OF EVALUATION IN THE ACCOUNTING SYSTEM
Authors:   Sumy National Agrarian University, Harkusha Serhii
Published: February 2023

Enterprises often request the services of valuation expertise and value consulting, and in some cases, conduct it themselves. The purpose of the article is to determine the theoretical aspects of assessment in the accounting system. The task was to determine what the reality of the assessment in accounting is. To determine the value of the actual cost, costing is used a method of calculating the cost, a means of binding the object according to one or another price of a certain assessment. It was concluded that it is very difficult to objectively assess profitability, which leads to a variety of financial assessments, including tax, investment and credit assessments. It has been established that tax assessment is related to the fact that each type of tax or fee usually requires special methods of property assessment for taxation purposes. It was concluded that investment estimates can be used in predictive studies when calculating the efficiency of future capital investments. It is emphasized that credit evaluations are designed to measure the value of collateral for loans. So, valuation as an accounting method, is a way of monetary expression of the objects of this accounting (property, liabilities, business transactions) by means of summarizing costs in order to reflect them in accounting. The reality of the assessment consists in the calculation and display of the true size of certain types of funds, including the sources of their formation (the monetary expression of the accounting objects must correspond to their actual value).
STRATEGIC ANALYSIS OF AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES DEVELOPMENT IN THE CONTEXT OF THEIR ECONOMIC SECURITY
Authors:   Lviv National Environmental University, Zelisko Nataliia
Published: February 2023

The article is directed at exploring the technology of conducting strategic analysis in agricultural enterprise in order to ensure its economic security. Strategic analysis is of particular importance. Strategic analysis is a tool of strategic management which can used in the conditions of aggravation of competition, violation of financial stability, uncertainty in the market. The general aim of the article is investigate and identify the internal and external outsiders of the agricultural enterprise via strategic analysis to ensure its effective management. The research used general scientific methods, systematic and complex analysis. The article states that the assessment of the level of economic security of agrarian enterprise is formed in the context of such basic functional components, such as: financial, innovative, personnel, technical and technological. Each of these components is evaluated by a system of qualitative and quantitative components, which include an integrated assessment of the level of economic security with the study of their important indicators. Algorithm for conducting a strategic analysis for agrarian enterprise is proposed, which consists such steps: identification of important factors that influence on the enterprise activity; identifying the enterprise’s opportunities and threats; grouping of opportunities and threats by certain interconnection; building a complex matrix and formulating a strategy. Effective application of this list will create the basis of a working system of compliance with economic security. It is established that the application of this strategic management tool allows to identify timely along with the company's strengths and opportunities existing threats and weaknesses, to build an effective strategy of the enterprise activity and at the expense of the strengths and opportunities of the enterprise to retain its share in the market, improve financial position, achieve benefits in front of competitors, increase production volumes.
MARKETING IN WAR TIME: BUILDING COMMUNICATION CHANNELS AND BUSINESS TRANSFORMATION
Authors:   Zaporizhzhia Polytechnic National University, Zerkal Anastasiia , Balabukha Kateryna ,   Classic Private University
Published: February 2023

The article examines the peculiarities of managing marketing communication strategies of enterprises in the conditions of armed conflicts and martial law in Ukraine. The challenges presented to the management of enterprises during wartime are outlined, including: blackouts, air strikes and attacks on industrial enterprises and critical infrastructure facilities, the opening of communications, the Internet, population migration in the Americas and beyond, loss production capacity, problems with logistics and communication chains with customers and suppliers. It has been established that marketing is the central concept of enterprise management, which enables and develops the connection between the company and the outside world. It is noted that marketing is aimed at obtaining accurate, sufficient and happy information about the processes and events taking place in the environment of the enterprise, including the involvement of external factors in its activities. The impact of marketing research and the application of their results in the process of developing marketing programs and management solutions is determined. The consequences of the migration of people fleeing military operations for Ukrainian business and the economy of the country that hosts forcibly displaced persons from Ukraine, as well as Ukrainian business, are determined. It is analyzed how the armed conflicts themselves can affect every aspect of the process of preparing marketing strategies, communication complex, segmentation strategies, advertising, public relations, etc. It is established that every actor in the market, including businesses, consumers, dealers, traders and distributors, tries to try to adapt and develop the right strategy to live in the market. The above is really a place and a special feature of the activities of marketing specialists, which refer to the appropriate strategies and opportunities to support a full-fledged trade and maintain the level of profit. It has been proven that since February 24, 2022, after the start of a full- scale invasion of the Russian Federation, business has undergone significant transformations and needs new approaches to managing all processes from production planning to building marketing communications with consumers and state authorities, as well as international partners. It was noted that armed conflicts are the cause of instability and negative consequences not only for the economy of Ukraine and business owners, but also for the economies of European countries that provide constant support to Ukraine.
The preservation and study of the Latvian intangible cultural heritage
Authors: БАДИН Ж.Е.
Published: February 2023

В статье анализируется опыт составления Канона культуры Латвии - фактического выделения списка культурных «единиц», официально признанных наиболее важными, принципиальными для культуры страны и латышской нации. Особое внимание уделяется проблеме сохранения и изучения нематериального культурного наследия, представленного в разделе Канона «Народные традиции». Этот проект - как его содержание, так и функции - вызвал широкий общественный резонанс. Несмотря на то что Канон является открытой структурой и Министерство культуры несколько раз рассматривало вопрос о принципах его расширения и пополнения, количество представленных номинаций в нем не менялось почти уже десять лет. В ноябре 2018 г. Латвия отпраздновала столетний юбилей со дня провозглашения независимости. В связи с памятной датой в стране была запущена программа мероприятий, в том числе направленных на сохранение и изучение нематериального культурного наследия. Сохранение и изучение нематериального культурного наследия не ограничивается только Каноном, в статье представлены направления деятельности двух научно-исследовательских центров: Латвийского университета и Даугавпилсского университета. Среди изданий Латвийского университета особо выделяется и анализируется монография Аниты Вайваде «Нематериальное культурное наследие в международном и латвийском праве». Одной из магистральных тем исследований, проводимых учеными Даугавпилса, является культура пограничья. Русский фольклор и языковые процессы латвийско-русского приграничья нашли отражение во многих работах ученых Даугавпилса, представленных в статье.

The Latvian National Commission for UNESCO was established by the Supreme Council of the Republic of Latvia in 1992. Such National Commissions are created by their respective governments for the purpose of coordinating governmental and non-governmental bodies in education, the sciences, culture and communication, both with each others’ activities and with UNESCO’s work. UNESCO is the only UN agency that has such a global network. This article analyzes the compilation of the “Latvian Cultural Canon” that lists Latvian cultural entities to be officially recognized as the most important, fundamental for the country’s cultural heritage and that of the Latvian nation. It pays special attention to the problem of preserving and studying the intangible cultural heritage as presented in the section “Folk traditions”. The compiling of the “Canon” - both its content and function - sparked a widespread public discussion. Despite the fact that the “Canon” is an open structure and that the Ministry of Culture has discussed the possibility of expanding it several times, the number of cultural entities has not changed in almost ten years. The preservation and study of the intangible cultural heritage, however, is not limited to the “Canon” and the article discusses the activities of two research centers at the Latvian and Daugavpils Universities.
The plot type ATU 510B “Peau d’Asne” (SUS 510B “Pigskin Cover”) in the Russian fairytale tradition
Authors: ДОБРОВОЛЬСКАЯ В.Е.
Published: February 2023

В статье рассматриваются русские волшебные сказки сюжетного типа 510В. Среди двадцати отмеченных в указателе СУС текстов к сюжетному типу 510В принадлежат лишь пять. В результате анализа текстов в научный оборот введены еще четыре текста сюжетного типа 510В и выявлены тексты, относящиеся к группе -510В*. В статье показано, что в русской сказочной традиции сказки сюжетного типа 510В довольно редко представлены как самостоятельный сюжетный тип. Существенно чаще они представляют собой контаминацию нескольких типов, например, 313Е*, 510А, -510В*, 403 и 480. Такое объединение связано с несколькими при- чинами. Данный сюжетный тип не относится к ядру волшебной сказки; он не самый популярный и, следовательно, его каноническая структура нестабильна. Он близок по сюжетной коллизии к сказкам, в которых отец или брат хочет жениться на доче- ри или сестре, что позволяет сказочникам использовать мотивы сюжетно близких типов (313Е*, -510В*). Сказки данного типа относятся к группе текстов о невинно гонимых, что дает возможность сказочникам использовать как мотивы из сюжетных типов, связанных с невинно гонимой девушкой или женщиной (403), так и те, где в роли жертвы выступает падчерица (480 и 510А).

The article deals with Russian fairytales of the plot type 510B. Among the twenty texts noted in the SUS index, only five texts really belong to this type. Analysis reveals four new texts to be of the plot type 510В and brings to light another group of texts belonging to the group -510В*. The article shows that in the Russian fairytale tradition, fairytales of the plot type 510B are rarely discussed as an independent plot type. Much more often they are seen as a contamination of 510B with other types, for example 313Е*, 510А, -510В*, 403, and 480. There are several reasons for this. The plot type 510B does not belong to the core of the fairytale tradition; it is not among the most popular and therefore its canonical structure is unstable. In addition, its plot is close to other tales in which a father or brother wants to marry a daughter or sister; this allows storytellers to use motifs from analogous plot types (313Е*, -510В*). In addition, tales of type 510B belong to the group of texts about persecuted innocents, which allows storytellers to use motifs from plot types associated with an unjustly persecuted girl or woman (403) and from those where the victim is the stepdaughter (480 and 510A).
Stories of the ATU 510В “Donkey Skin” type in the Polish fairytale tradition
Authors: Жепниковска И.
Published: February 2023

В статье предпринята попытка проследить сюжетно-композиционные особенности и фольклорно-литературные источники польских вариантов всемирно известного сюжетного типа ATU 510В “Donkey Skin”, повествующих о девушке, которая во избежание инцестуальных притязаний отца сначала требует сшить ей три чудесных платья, а затем звериный наряд. В нем она наконец покидает родной дом, нанимается служанкой в соседнем королевстве и после некоторых приключений выходит замуж за принца. В указателе сюжетных типов Юлиана Кшижановского сказки озаглавлены «Мышиная шубка» (Т 510В “Mysi kożuszek”) и составляют одну из трех разновидностей повествований о Золушке. Их анализ показывает, что в большей степени на них повлияла немецкая (“Allerleirauh” братьев Гримм), чем французская версия сказки о девушке, переодетой в звериный наряд (“Peau d’âne” Charlesa Perraulta). Несмотря на это, в финале героиня узнается принцем не по колечку, а по башмачку, т. е. подобно тому, как в повествованиях о Золушке.

This article analyzes the composition and literary and folk origins of the well-known international folktale type ATU 510B, “Donkey Skin”, whose plot concerns a father’s plan to marry his daughter. The girl is terrified at the prospect of the marriage and at first demands that she be made three marvellous dresses and then clothes made from animal hide. She finally leaves her family home and hires herself out as a servant in a neighbouring kingdom. After many adventures, the girl marries a prince. In Polish oral folklore, stories of this kind exist under the name “Mysi kożuszek” (T 510B “Mouseskin Coat”); they belong to one of three varieties of Cinderella folktales. Analysis shows that they were more influenced by the German variant (Allerleirauh by the Brothers Grimm) than by the French version (Peau d’âne by Charles Perrault), also about a young girl who wears animal-skin clothes. At the end of the tale, the prince usually recognizes the heroine not by a ring but by a slipper, which marks it as closer to stories about Cinderella.
Nina Ivanovna Savushkina, scholar of folk theater
Authors: Некрылова Анна Федоровна
Published: February 2023

Статья посвящена научному творчеству Нины Ивановны Савушкиной, доктора филологических наук, профессора Московского государственного университета им. Н. В. Ломоносова, которой в этом году исполнилось бы 90 лет. Ее научные интересы в фольклористике были многообразны, но в данной статье внимание автора сосредоточено на вкладе исследовательницы в изучение народной зрелищно-игровой культуры. Н. И. Савушкина вела большую собирательскую работу. Ею был записан большой массив текстов народной драмы и свидетельств о ее бытовании в различных регионах России, в том числе и тех, где эта традиция ранее не фиксировалась. Существенно обогатили исследовательскую базу тексты, выявленные ею в архивах и различных изданиях XIX-XX вв. Благодаря активной публикаторской деятельности Нины Ивановны в широкий научный оборот был введен объемный материал по русской народной театральной и зрелищно-игровой культуре. Исследовательские усилия были направлены на осмысление фольклорной природы народной драмы, ее места в культуре, выявление структуры народной театральной традиции и анализ поэтики драматических произведений, разработку терминологического аппарата для исследований народной театральной традиции. Работы Н. И. Савушкиной отличает скрупулезный текстологический анализ и привлечение широкого культурного контекста.

The article is devoted to the scholarly work of Nina Ivanovna Savushkina, DSc of Philology, Professor of M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, who would have turned 90 this year. Her research interests in folklore were diverse, but in this article attention is focused on the scholar’s contribution to the study of folk entertainment and gaming culture. N. I. Savushkina was active in collecting. She recorded a large array of texts of folk drama and evidence of its existence in various regions of Russia, including those where this tradition had not previously been attested. Texts that she identified in the archives and in various 19th - 20th century publications greatly enriched the corpus. Thanks to Nina Ivanovna’s active publication activities, voluminous material on Russian folk theatre and entertainment-gaming culture was introduced into broad scholarly circulation. Her research efforts were aimed at understanding the nature of folk drama and its place in culture; identifying the structure of folk theatrical tradition; analyzing the poetics of dramatic works; and developing terminology for the study of the folk theatrical tradition. Savushkina’s works are distinguished by scrupulous textual analysis and the consideration of broad cultural contexts.
Archaic sound tools and their role in ritual practices and economic activities of the Yakuts (Sakha people)
Authors: Дьяконова Варвара Егоровна
Published: February 2023

В данной статье на основе изучения этнографических и фольклорных источников и полевых материалов, европейской систематики музыкальных инструментов Э. М. фон Хорнбостеля и К. Закса, регионально-исторической типологии Ю. И. Шейкина выявлены, описаны и классифицированы архаичные идиофоны народа саха, которые использовались ранее и функционируют до сих пор в обрядовой практике и хозяйственной деятельности якутов. По систематике Э. М. фон Хорнбостеля и К. Закса группа идиофонов характеризуется по признаку того, что «материал инструмента, благодаря своей жесткости и упругости, издает звук, не нуждаясь в натянутых перепонках или струнах». Согласно типологии Ю. И. Шейкина, архаичные фоноинструменты отличаются простой структурой и технологией изготовления, обладают одним голосом и «по своей функции не связаны с практикой акустического поведения и взяты из окружающего мира вещей». Среди архаичных идиофонов саха наиболее широко представлены детские звуковые игрушки - погремушка из зоба птицы, пластинчатые варганы мас хомус из дерева и муос хомус из рога животных, обрядовые идиофоны, щелевой барабан (дьёлёккёй кюпсююр), деревянная погремушка (иирэр дьага), а также ударяемые доски логуор или былаайахтаах хаптасын (доска с колотушкой) и аарыктаах хаптасын (доска с погремушками), которые использовались в качестве сигнальных инструментов для сбора общины на собрание и заменяли колокол.

This article describes and classifies the archaic idiophones of the Sakha people which are still used in the ritual practices and economic activities of the Yakuts. It is based on ethnographic and folklore sources and field materials; on the systematic study of European musical instruments by E. M. von Hornbostel and С. Sachs; and on Yu. I. Sheikin’s regional and historical typology. According to von Hornbostel and Sachs, this group of idiophones is characterized by the fact that “the material of the instrument, due to its rigidity and resilience, makes a sound without the need for stretched membranes or strings”. According to Sheikin’s typology, archaic phono-instruments are distinguished by their simple structure and technology of manufacture; they make one sound and “in their functions are not related to the practice of acoustic behavior but are taken from the surrounding world of things”. Among archaic Sakha phono-instruments, children’s noisemakers are most widely represented; there are rattles made from bird craw, “mas khomus” (mouth harps) made of wood and “muos khomus” made from animal horn, ritual idiophones, slotted drums (dyolyokkyoy kyupsyuyur), wooden rattles (“iirer dyaga”), as well as “loguor” or “bylaayakhtakh khaptasyn” (boards struck with a stick), and the “aaryktakh khaptasyn” (a board with rattles). The latter was used to signal “the gathering of the community for a meeting and used in place of a bell”.
Bilateral Ovarian Masses in Krukenberg Tumors
Authors:   Department of Radiology, Ibn Sina University Hospital Center, Morocco, S Khouchoua , H Zahi ,   Department of Radiology, Ibn Sina University Hospital Center, Morocco, Z Iraqi Houssaini ,   Department of Radiology, Ibn Sina University Hospital Center, Morocco, H Jerguigue ,   Department of Radiology, Ibn Sina University Hospital Center, Morocco, R Latib ,   Department of Radiology, Ibn Sina University Hospital Center, Morocco, Y Omor ,   Department of Radiology, Ibn Sina University Hospital Center, Morocco
Published: February 2023

A 47 years old women with no prior comorbidities, presented with a 3 months history of abdominal distension with insidious pain, weight loss and fatigue. The patient underwent an abdominal computed tomography scan, that showed bilateral ovarian masses, large, well defined, and mixed solid and cystic, with enhancement of the solid component (Figure 1A & 1B).
Skull Base Chordoma: The Thumb Sign
Authors:   Department of Radiology, Ibn Sina University Hospital Center, Morocco, S Khouchoua , H Zahi ,   Department of Radiology, Ibn Sina University Hospital Center, Morocco, Z Iraqi Houssaini ,   Department of Radiology, Ibn Sina University Hospital Center, Morocco, H Jerguigue ,   Department of Radiology, Ibn Sina University Hospital Center, Morocco, R Latib ,   Department of Radiology, Ibn Sina University Hospital Center, Morocco, Y Omor ,   Department of Radiology, Ibn Sina University Hospital Center, Morocco
Published: February 2023

A 57 year old woman with no past medical history presented with headaches and progressive left vision loss. Subsequently, a contrast enhanced brain MRI was performed showing a large well defined skull base mass located laterally in the left petro clival fissure, exhibiting high T2 and FLAIR signal intensity (Figure A), with areas of low signal intensity on susceptibility weighted images consistent with calcifications and a heterogenous enhancement after injection. This tumor was responsible for mass effect on the orbital apex and optic nerve anteriorly and the mesio temporal lobe laterally. Most importantly, on the sagittal planes we can see the tumor projection indenting the pons which is displaced posteriorly. This finding is known as the thumb sign (Figure B and C) characteristic of chordomas. Given these MRI features and after a stereotactic biopsy the diagnosis of chordoma of the skull base was confirmed. Because of the major local extension, the patient underwent radiotherapy rather than surgical resection. Chordomas are rare skull base tumors arising from embryonal rest cells [1]. The major differential being chondrosarcomas with similar appearance but higher ADC values. The thumb sign is relatively specific of chordomas [2] although itcan be described in chondromas of the skull base and can also be seen in chondrosarcomas.
Intraorbital Colobomatous Cyst with Microphthalmia in a Child Presented with Orbital Mass
Authors:   Assistant Professor (Radiodiagnosis), KGMU, Lucknow - 226003, India, A Rawat , P Yadav ,   Assistant Professor (Radiodiagnosis), KGMU, Lucknow - 226003, India
Published: February 2023

A colobomatous cyst is an extremely uncommon form of congenital abnormality that is frequently linked with a microophthalmic globe. It is caused by a problem with the closure of the optic vesicle as well as invagination.. Here we are presenting a case of orbital cyst associated with microophthalmos in an infant presented with small eye ball and orbital lesion, child was evaluated clinically and radiologically by USG and MRI. To the best of our knowledge very few cases have been reported in previous literature
Confirmation of Safe Nasogastric Tube Placement: The Radiology Department’s Duties Closed Cycle Audit
Authors:   Department of Radiology, Nottingham University Hospital QMC, UK, A Ahmed , A Basel ,   Department of Radiology, Nottingham University Hospital QMC, UK, A Fouad ,   Department of Radiology, Nottingham University Hospital QMC, UK
Published: February 2023

The NPSA issued a patient safety alert (NPSA/2011/ PSA002) and new guidelines regarding the confirmation of safe nasogastric feeding tube placement. Between September 2005 and March 2010. There were 21 deaths and 79 cases of harm attributed to the incorrect placement of nasogastric tubes in the UK. In the NPSA report chest radiograph misinterpretation was attributed to 12 of the 21 deaths and 45 of 100 incidents. • Feeding through misplaced nasogastric tube (NGT) is a ‘Never Event’. • Associated complications: pneumonia, empyema, pneumothorax, vascular injury Aim: To evaluate the radiology department’s adherence to the national Patient Safety Agency NPSA guidelines published in 2011. We aim at 100% compliance.
Relationship of Body Mass Index and Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Acute Kidney Injury: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors:   Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical sciences, Henan University, Henan, China, B Nsengimana , Y Guo ,   Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical sciences, Henan University, Henan, China, Y Jin ,   Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical sciences, Henan University, Henan, China, W Wei ,   Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical sciences, Henan University, Henan, China, S Ji ,   Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical sciences, Henan University, Henan, China
Published: February 2023

Background: A higher body mass index (BMI) is considered as risk factor of developing chronic kidney diseases. However, its impact on acute kidney injury (AKI) remains debatable. This meta-analysis aimed to scrutinize the research evidence regarding the association of BMI and AKI development. Methods: Eligible studies published until August, 2021 were searched by using electronic databases. Review Manager (RevMan) was used to evaluate the association of BMI and AKI by considering the odd ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI). Sensitivity analysis and publication bias were assessed. Results: A total of 69,190 participants were obtained from 15 included studies. The pooled results show that the overall AKI incidence was 24.9%. OR of AKI in obese, overweight, and underweight were 1.22, 95% CI: 0.98 to 1.52, 1.2, 95% CI: 1.01 to 1.42, and 0.9, 95% CI: 0.78 to 1.02 respectively. AKI mortality was associated with underweight group with OR of 1.45, 95% CI: 1.04 to 2.01. AKI stages were statistically insignificant. Conclusion: High incidence of AKI and high AKI mortality rate are associated with elevated BMI and low BMI respectively, hence awareness and control measures on BMI should be taken into account to prevent AKI burden. Further studies are recommended.
Plasmonic response of complex nanoparticle assemblies
Authors: Sherman Zachary M. , Kim Kihoon , Kang Jiho , Roman Benjamin J. , Crory Hannah S. N. , Conrad Diana L. , Valenzuela Stephanie A. , Lin Emily Y. , Dominguez Manuel N. , Gibbs Stephen L. , Anslyn Eric V. , Milliron Delia J. , Truskett Thomas M.
Published: February 2023

Optical properties of nanoparticle assemblies reflect the distinctive characteristics of their building blocks and their spatial organization, giving rise to emergent phenomena. Integrated experimental and computational studies have established design principles connecting structure to properties for assembled clusters and superlattices. However, conventional electromagnetic simulations are too computationally expensive to treat more complex assemblies. Here we establish a fast, materials agnostic method to simulate the optical response of large nanoparticle assemblies incorporating both structural and compositional complexity. This many-bodied, mutual polarization method resolves limitations of established approaches, achieving rapid, accurate convergence for configurations including thousands of nanoparticles, some overlapping. We demonstrate these capabilities by reproducing experimental trends and uncovering far- and near-field mechanisms governing the optical response of plasmonic semiconductor nanocrystal assemblies, including structurally complex gel networks and compositionally complex mixed binary superlattices. This broadly applicable framework will facilitate design of complex, hierarchically structured, and dynamic assemblies for desired optical characteristics.
Temperature dependence of 7Li NMR relaxation rates in Li3InCl6, Li3YCl6, Li1.48Al0.48Ge1.52(PO4)3 and LiPS5Cl
Authors: Chalise Darshan , Juarez-Yescas Carlos , Zahiri Beniamin , Braun Paul , Cahill David
Published: February 2023

Inorganic solid-state battery electrolytes show high ionic conductivities and enable the fabrication of all solid-state batteries. In this work, we present the temperature dependence of spin-lattice relaxation time (T1), spin-spin relaxation time (T2), and resonance linewidth () of the 7Li nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) for four solid-state battery electrolytes (Li3InCl6 (LIC), Li3YCl6 (LYC), Li1.48Al0.48Ge1.52(PO4)3 (LAGP) and LiPS5Cl (LPSC) from 173 K to 403 K at a 7Li resonance frequency of 233 MHz, and from 253 K to 353 K at a 7Li resonance frequency of 291 MHz. Additionally, we measured the spin-lattice relaxation rates at an effective 7Li resonance frequency of 133 kHz using a spin-locking pulse sequence in the temperature range of 253 K to 353 K. In LPSC, the 7Li NMR relaxation is consistent with the Bloembergen-Pound-Purcell (BPP) theory of NMR relaxation of dipolar nuclei. In LIC, LYC and LAGP, the BPP theory does not describe the NMR relaxation rates for the temperature range and frequencies of our measurements. The presented NMR relaxation data assists in providing a complete picture of Li diffusion in these four solid-state battery electrolytes.
A Stepwise Reaction Achieves Emissive, Ultra-Small Ag2ZnSnS4 Nanocrystals
Authors: Yarur Villanueva Francisco , Hasham Minhal , Green Philippe B. , Imperiale Christian J. , Rahman Samihat , Burns Darcy C. , Wilson Mark W.B.
Published: February 2023

Pirquitasite Ag2ZnSnS4 (AZTS) nanocrystals (NCs) are emergent, lead-free emissive materials in the coinage chalcogenide family with applications in optoelectronic technologies. Like many multinary nanomaterials, their phase-pure synthesis is complicated by the generation of e.g. binary/ternary chalcogenide and metallic impurities. Here, we develop a stepwise synthetic procedure that controls the size, morphology, and transformations of acanthite (Ag2S) and canfieldite (Ag8SnS6) intermediates. This reaction scheme improves size-dispersity and grants the production of small AZTS NCs (d: 2.1-4.0 nm) that have not been achieved through established single-injection procedures expanding the accessible quantum-confined AZTS emission to shorter wavelengths (650-740 nm). We show that the initial sulfur stoichiometry is the key handle for template-size tunability and reveal that temporally separating transformation steps is crucial to obtaining <740 nm emitting AZTS NCs. We then use NMR and optical spectroscopies to demonstrate that the installation of thiol ligands improves colloidal stability and photoluminescence, while carboxylate ligands do not. Finally, facilitated by this enhanced synthetic control, we show that our ultra-small AZTS NCs can act as effective and less-toxic sensitizers for red-to-blue triplet fusion upconversion. Our results highlight transferrable insights for the synthesis and post-synthetic treatment of complex less-toxic quaternary nanocrystalline systems.
Supramolecular Self-assembly of Engineered Polyproline Helices
Authors: Brightwell Dominic F , Truccolo Giada , Samanta Kushal , Shepherd Helena J , Palma Aniello
Published: February 2023

The ability to rationally design biomaterials to form desired supramolecular constructs presents an ever-growing research field, with many burgeoning works within recent years providing exciting results, however, there exists a broad expanse of promising avenues of research yet to be investigated. As such we have set out to make use of the polyproline helix as a rigid, tuneable, and chiral ligand for the design and synthesis of supramolecular constructs. In this investigation we show how an oligoproline tetramer can be specifically designed and functionalised, allowing predictable tuning of supramolecular interactions to engineer the formation of supramolecular peptide frameworks with varying properties. Consequently, laying the groundwork for further studies utilising the polyproline helix, with the ability to design desired supramolecular structures, having tuneable structural features and functionalities.
Effect of velocity on the clogging of particles in water-saturated porous media using the CFDDEM
Authors: Sun Dan
Published: February 2023

The clogging of particles in a slurry passing through a porous medium is mainly affected by the ratio of the particle diameter to the pore throat size of the medium. A previous study showed that the Stokes number and the particle concentration affect particle clogging and retention. Therefore, in this study, the effects of fluid velocity on particle clogging were investigated by analyzing the particle transport and retention in a homogeneous porous medium. The fluid-particle two-phase flow in a porous medium was simulated using the computational fluid dynamicsdiscrete element method. The results showed that increasing the fluid velocity of particles such that the Stokes number was almost equal to 1 increased the separation efficiency of particles. Further increasing the fluid velocity reduced the residence time, which reduced the separation efficiency of the particles.
Soft Matter under Pressure: Pushing Particle-Field Molecular Dynamics to the Isobaric Ensemble
Authors: Sen Samiran , Ledum Morten , Bore Sigbjørn Løland , Cascella Michele
Published: February 2023

Hamiltonian hybrid particle-field molecular dynamics is a computationally efficient method to study large soft matter systems. In this work, we extend this approach to constant pressure (NPT) simulations. We reformulate the calculation of internal pressure from the density field by taking into account the intrinsic spread of the particles in space, which naturally lead to a direct anisotropy in the pressure tensor. The anisotropic contribution is crucial for reliably describing the physics of systems under pressure, demonstrated by a series of tests on analytical and monoatomic model systems as well as realistic water/lipid biphasic systems. Using Bayesian optimization, we parameterise the field interactions of phospholipids to reproduce the structural properties of their lamellar phases, including area per lipid, and local density profiles. The resulting model excels in providing pressure profiles in qualitative agreement with all-atom modeling, surface tension, and area compressibility in quantitative agreement with experimental values, indicating the correct description of long wavelength undulations in large membranes. Finally, we demonstrate that the model is capable of reproducing the formation of lipid droplets inside a lipid bilayer.