bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Women, Markers, and Representation in Early Telugu Cinema
Authors:   Professor and Head, Centre for Women’s Studies, School of Social Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Rani K. Suneetha
Published: June 2024

The early Telugu cinema echoed the contemporary concerns and movements in the country. Most films made in Telugu in the first two decades, the 1930s and 1940s, were mythologies, historicals and devotionals. However, regardless of genre, most movies focus on the woman question. Many had women at the centre, while many movies had titles after women characters. This paper focuses on select Telugu movies from the early decades to argue that the films might have focused on the woman question and might have argued for the reform of the condition of women. Still, they remained orthodox and sometimes regressive in their idea of womanhood. Markers of a married woman whose husband is alive become more valuable than women. A respected and celebrated womanhood is almost reduced to the markers she carries. This new woman combines tradition and modernity, influenced by the reform movement but strongly pulled by tradition to evolve into a better wife. The present paper proposes to examine the portrayal of a new family woman by the Telugu Cinema of the 1930s, reiterating the traditional markers with additional interpretations. It employs feminist historiography to understand the significance of the portrayal of new women in early Telugu cinema.
Art Deco Architecture in Pune from the 1940s to the 1960s
Authors:   Assistant Professor at Vishwakarma University School of Architecture and Planning, Kondhwa, Pune, Mahajani Nikita
Published: June 2024

Art Deco is a visual arts, architecture, and product design style. It first emerged in Paris in the 1910s, shortly before World War I. This style reached its height in Europe and the United States in the 1920s and early 1930s. The early to mid-1930s saw the emergence of Art Deco architecture in India, which ended in the mid to late 1950s. Indian cities like Mumbai, Pune, Chennai, Jaipur, Jodhpur, and Patiala are home to Art Deco structures. In terms of architecture, the Art Deco movement represented a dramatic departure from the colonial Neo-Gothic/Victorian Gothic model. The pursuit of modernity, multiculturalism, and cosmopolitanism were all reflected in Art Deco architecture. UNESCO declared the Victorian Gothic and Art Deco ensembles of Mumbai (Maharashtra’s capital) a UNESCO World Heritage Site in June 2018. Nevertheless, Pune City’s Art Deco buildings are not recognized as heritage buildings or documented. The study involved photographic documentation of Art Deco buildings in Deccan, Swargate Prabhat Road, Bhandarkar Road area of Pune. This paper examines the various motifs and their underlying symbolism that can be seen in Pune’s Art Deco buildings. The results of this study show that the Art Deco buildings in Pune are now on the verge of extinction due to the age of the building, structural deformities and lack of awareness of the conservation of this historical heritage. The art deco features on the elevations of many buildings have been hidden/erased by renovation and commercial hoardings.
The Prototype and Political Mythical Connotations of “Drowning Death” in Kenzaburo Oe’s Death by Water
Authors:   Graduate School of International Studies, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea, Wanting Jiang
Published: June 2024

This article meticulously examines the interplay of myth and memory in Kenzaburo Oe’s novel Death by Water, with a central focus on the protagonist’s relentless investigation into his father’s death by drowning. Oe skillfully intertwines personal tragedy with the collective consciousness of Japan, invoking the ‘Meiji Spirit’ and the ‘Spirit of Postwar Democracy’ to frame the narrative. The study identifies the ‘drowning death’ as a mythological archetype, analyzing its symbolic representation of life, death, and rebirth cycles within the novel’s context. Through a close reading of the characters’ experiences, particularly the deaths of the father and Daio, the paper explores the multifaceted nature of mythical thinking shaped by historical zeitgeists. The findings suggest that national spirit, or Zeitgeist, exerts a profound influence on societal values and actions, leading to a discourse on the nation’s relationship with the concepts of sacrifice and offering. Employing political mythology, the study delves into the nuanced connection between national identity and the sacrificial ethos, proposing that such narratives reflect deeper cultural and political undercurrents.
Recent Advancements in the Diagnosis and Management of Cancer
Using Biomaterials-Fabricated Nanofibers: A Review
Authors: Basu Biswajit , Dutta Ayon , Ash Dipanjana , Garala Kevinkumar , Singh Sudarshan , Prajapati Bhupendra G
Published: June 2024

ified via either the growth of malignant tumours or colonisation of nearby
tissues attributing to uncontrollable proliferation and division of cells promoted by several influential factors, including family history, exposure to pollutants, choice of lifestyle,
and certain infections. The intricate processes underlying the development, expansion,
and advancement of cancer are still being studied. However, there are a variety of therapeutic alternatives available for the diagnosis and treatment of cancer depending on the
type and stage of cancer as well as the patient’s individuality. The bioactive compoundsfortified nanofiber-based advanced therapies are revolutionary models for cancer detection and treatment, specifically targeting melanoma cells via exploring unique properties, such as increased surface area for payload, and imaging and bio-sensing capacities
of nano-structured materials with minimal damage to functioning organs. The objective
of the study was to gain knowledge regarding the potentiality of Nanofibers (NFs) fabricated using biomaterials in promoting cancer management along with providing a thorough overview of recent developmental initiatives, challenges, and future investigation
strategies. Several fabrication approaches, such as electrospinning, self-assembly, phase
separation, drawing, and centrifugal spinning of bio-compatible NFs along with characterization techniques, have been elaborated in the review.
The Role of miRNAs in Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Authors: Hu Wenlong , Huang Weiyi , Ji Wei , Sun Jun
Published: June 2024

Subarachnoid hemorrhage is a serious subtype of stroke with high mortality
and disability. The rupture of intracranial aneurysms is the main cause. However, in
recent years, with the popularization of CT, MRI, and cerebral angiography, the
detection rate of unruptured aneurysms has increased, and the incidence of aneurysm
rupture and hemorrhage has gradually decreased. However, there are still some
patients who fail to detect aneurysms in time and receive treatment, resulting in the
occurrence of aneurysm rupture and bleeding, and these patients usually have a poor
prognosis and leave a lasting disability. Therefore, exploring the causes of aneurysm
formation and the mechanism of brain injury caused by aneurysm rupture is of great
significance for preventing aneurysm formation and improving the prognosis of
patients. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are highly conserved non-coding RNAs that can bind
to the 3'UTR of target mRNAs to regulate gene expression. Studies have shown that
miRNAs can affect the formation and rupture of intracranial aneurysms by participating
in apoptosis, inflammation, phagocyte migration, and vascular smooth muscle cells
(VSMCs) regulation, and regulate the damage of brain tissue after aneurysm rupture.
They play a role in multiple pathophysiological processes of aneurysmal subarachnoid
hemorrhage. This article reviews the role of miRNAs in different pathophysiological
stages of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH). We further described the
research progress of miRNAs as biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of aSAH
and discussed their application prospects in the prevention and treatment of aSAH.
Evaluation of the Anticarcinogenic and Cytotoxicity Effects of Small Gold Nanorods Against Gliomablast Cell Lines in an In vitro Model
Authors: Ozer S. , Kelleci K. , Canim-Ates S. , Canbek C.
Published: June 2024

Objectives:

The study aimed to evaluate the cytotoxicity and anticancer potential of gold
nanorods (GNRs) synthesized using hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide capped seed (CTAB) on
L929 fibroblast cells and glioma cells.

Methods:

Gold nanorods were synthesized through the CTAB method, and their characterization
was conducted using UV-Vis spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), and
scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The MTT cell viability assay was employed to assess the cytotoxic
and anticancer effects of the synthesized gold nanorods on L929 fibroblast cells and glioma
cells.

Results:

Analysis results revealed that the synthesized gold nanorods had an average size of 6.4 nm
and rod-like morphology, with an absorbance peak of 836 nm. The quantity of synthesized GNRs
was calculated to be 3.63 μM. Cytotoxicity analysis showed an IC50 value of 1.29 μM for L929
fibroblast cells and 1.26 μM for C6 glioma cells, indicating significant cytotoxic effects. Treatment
with GNRs induced apoptosis in glioma cells and inhibited their proliferation, suggesting potential
anticancer activity.

Conclusion:

The findings suggest that GNRs hold promise as effective agents for cancer therapy.
Further research is warranted to elucidate the precise mechanisms underlying their anticancer effects
and to explore their potential clinical applications in cancer treatment.
Adipose-derived Stem Cells Antagonize Fibrotic Response of Keloid-derived Fibroblasts
Authors: Nukui Yuki , Hasegawa Toshio , Wada Akino , Maeda Yuichiro , Ikeda Shigaku
Published: June 2024

Background

Keloid is an excessive fibrotic condition that results in excessive deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM), mainly composed of collagen. Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is a cytokine involved in keloid development by stimulating ECM production and fibrosis. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent non-hematopoietic progenitor cells that regulate the immune response. Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs), which are MSCs, are present in the stromal portion of the adipose tissue and are accessible for clinical use.

Objective

This study aimed to investigate the effects of ADSCs on the fibrotic responses of keloid-derived fibroblasts.

Methods

Keloid-derived fibroblasts cultured in the presence of transforming growth factor-β-1 (TGF-β1) were co-cultured with ADSCs. Immunofluorescence microscopy, real-time polymerase chain reaction, and western blotting were performed to determine the expression levels of smooth muscle protein 22-α (SM22α), type I collagen (COL1), TGF-β1, matrix metallopeptidase 2 (MMP2), SMAD2, SMAD3, platelet-derived growth factor receptor α (PDGFRα), and TGF-β receptor type-1 (TGFβR1). Keloid-derived fibroblast-embedded collagen gel contraction assay was also performed.

Results

Keloid-derived fibroblasts express SM22α, COL1, TGF-β1, MMP2, SMAD2, SMAD3, PDGFRα, and TGFβR1. TGF-β1 increased their expression levels, whereas ADSCs significantly suppressed them. TGF-β1 induced the contraction of keloid-derived fibroblast-embedded collagen gel, whereas ADSCs significantly inhibited it.

Conclusion

ADSCs antagonize the fibrotic effects of TGF-β on keloid-derived fibroblasts and may be a therapeutic agent for keloids. ADSCs may also suppress keloid development during normal wound healing.
Novel Approaches for the Extraction and Identification of Phytoconstituents from Herbs and Spices
Authors: Singh Preet Amol , Tushir Shiva , Hazra Subhajit , Singh Purewal Sukhvinder , Agarwal Gaurav
Published: June 2024

An important determinant of population health is the caliber and quality of food that can
directly affect the health of the population. Herbs and spices are now the primary ingredients in the
global food and nutraceutical industry. Traditional methods for extraction of active metabolites of
herbs and spices may lead to lowered extraction efficiency due to high solvent consumption and a
longer extraction period. These issues can be resolved by the use of novel green and sustainable extraction
techniques. The present paper aims to discuss innovative extraction and identification techniques
for herbs and spices. Microwave-aided extraction (MAE), ultrasound-assisted extraction
(UAE), supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), DNA barcoding, THz-S, e-nose, near-infrared (NIR)
spectroscopy, hyperspectral imaging, Raman spectroscopy possess environment-friendly instrumentations,
make lesser use of chemicals, and reduce the consumption of solvent. The use of cuttingedge
technology in place of outdated ones can improve product quality and help the general public
maintain high levels of health.
Mechanical Properties of Fly Ash Geopolymer with Macadamia Nutshell
Aggregates
Authors: Wattanasiriwech Suthee , Naratha Chalermphan , Wattanasiriwech Darunee
Published: June 2024

Introduction:

Macadamia nuts find widespread use in cuisine, cosmetics,
and healthcare products, leaving behind a substantial amount of nutshell residue posthulling. Capitalizing on the remarkable compressive strength inherent in macadamia
nutshell (MS) compared to other plant shells, this study investigates the utilization of
MS as a partial aggregate replacement in fly ash-based geopolymer composites for
sustainable construction applications, highlighting the need to optimize the content
for balanced mechanical properties.

Methods:

The effects of MS content (0%, 20%, 25%, and 30%) on the mechanical
properties (compressive and flexural strength), density, water absorption, and thermal
resistance of the composites were evaluated. Results indicated that the compressive
and flexural strength of plain geopolymer increased with rising NaOH concentrations.

Result:

However, an increase in MS content led to a decline in the flexural strength of
the composites due to the brittle nature of the aggregate. Conversely, the compressive
strength of 20% MS mix displayed a similar trend to plain geopolymer, while 25%
and 30% MS mixes exhibited an inferior trend. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that the adhesion between geopolymer and MS resulted from a physical interlocking mechanism. While the compressive strength of plain geopolymer improved
after heat treatment at 400°C, a noticeable deterioration was observed in the composites with MS aggregate.

Conclusion:

Notably, 20% MS and 25% MS mixes (at 4M and 6M) demonstrated
suitable compressive strength (16.54-22.50 MPa) and density (1.20-1.26 g/cm3
) to
serve as load-bearing components in accordance with ASTM C90 standard.
An Extensive Analysis of Contemporary Studies Forensics Sciences in India
Authors: Jonnalagadda Varsha Sri , Gundu Srinivasa Rao , Panem Charanarur
Published: June 2024

:

Forensic science in India has evolved over 100 years, with the first official laboratory
being the Calcutta Forensic Science Laboratory in Kolkata founded in 1952. Modernization has
led to the establishment of numerous central, state, and regional forensic laboratories and advancements
in technology such as DNA profiling, pathology, forensic toxicology, and forensic
anthropology. As the need for forensic education in India increases, educational institutions and
universities have started offering forensic science as a subject. India has collaborated with international
forensic organizations to stay updated on global developments. Contemporary studies
in forensic sciences are crucial for adapting to technological advancements, addressing emerging
crimes, improving DNA analysis, promoting interdisciplinary approaches, and maintaining quality
assurance and standards. Forensic science plays a significant role in the humanitarian efforts,
including the identification of missing people and victims of mass disasters. Advanced imaging
techniques are crucial in forensic investigations. Indian forensic science education is divided into
undergraduate and postgraduate programs, offering bachelor's degrees and specialized courses in
areas like forensic toxicology, DNA analysis, and digital forensics.
An Efficient Missing Data Prediction Technique using Recursive Reliability-Based Imputation for Collaborative Filtering Recommender System
Authors: Thenmozh G. , Palanisamy V.
Published: June 2024

Collaborative filtering recommender system is utilized as a significant
method to suggest products to users depending on their preferences. It is quite
complicated when the user preference and rating data is sparse. Missing value occurs
when there are no stored values for the specified dataset. Typical missing data are of
three categories such as (i) Missing completely at random, (ii) Missing at random, and
(iii) Missing not at random. The missing values in the dataset affect the accuracy and
cause deprived prediction outcomes. In order to alleviate this issue, the data imputation
method is exploited. Imputation is the process of reinstating the missing value with a
substitute to preserve the data in a dataset. It involves multiple approaches to evaluate
the missing value. In this paper, we reviewed the progression of various imputation
techniques and their limitations. Furthermore, we endeavored k-recursive reliabilitybased imputation (k-RRI) to resolve the boundaries faced in existing approaches.
Experimental results evince that the studied methodology appreciably improves the
prediction accuracy of the recommendation system.
Rate of Corrosion and its Methods: A Review
Authors: Ganesan Subbulakshmi , Padmapriya G. , Girish Manoj
Published: June 2024

Weight loss approach was used to investigate the corrosion characteristics of
various metals found in varying concentrations of solutions containing acids. The
degree of these metals' corrosion in 1–5 M HCL solutions was investigated for 24
hours. The order of metal corrosion is zinc > galvanized iron > copper >, whereas the
order of aqueous media corrosion is HNO3
> H2SO4
> HCl. It has been observed that
increasing concentration increases the corrosion potential. Further investigation into the
dynamics of corrosion has demonstrated that the rate of reactivity in terms of metals
rises with increasing solution concentration when the half-life decreases.
Bioplastic from Renewable Sources: A Novelty Approach to Sustainable Development
Authors: Ganesan Subbulakshmi , Banerjee Subhamay
Published: June 2024

At present, with an increase in the human population, the amount of plastic
consumption has multiplied, and with it, pollution levels are alarmingly increasing day
by day. Plastic can be labelled a disaster as it threatens the whole world. Since this is a
big problem for our environment, there may be a call to find a change for traditional
plastics. Therefore, bioplastics are the perfect option as they can be synthesized from
various active biodegradable wastes. Bioplastics are formed from various renewable
biomasses, including starch, biopolymers, cellulose, and aggregates of various
compounds. These plastics can be easily synthesized and can be easily degraded
compared to conventional plastics. So, the synthesis of it becomes a crucial challenge.
Colombia y Brasil: ventaja competitiva en la cooperación internacional offset, 2014-2020
Authors: Delgado-Nieto Laura Janneth , Polania-Cerinza Yoly Tatiana
Published: June 2024

Este capítulo describe los intercambios de transferencia tecnológica logrados mediante los convenios de cooperación industrial y social (offset) que Colombia y Brasil han suscrito en diferentes momentos. El documento concluye que las compensaciones de los offset en la industria militar colombiana han permitido fortalecer la capacidad defensiva del país, fomentar la transferencia de tecnología, generar empleo y desarrollo industrial y estimular la cooperación bilateral en el ámbito de la seguridad y defensa, permitiendo avances significativos en la lucha contra el narcotráfico y la reducción de la violencia en algunas regiones.
Is Disaggregate Form of Information Value Relevant: Evidence from Indian Listed Companies
Authors: Singh Vijay , V Pooja
Published: June 2024

Despite its scarcity, capital is necessary for a country’s economic development. To channelise capital foreign investment, financial intermediaries such as development banks, commercial banks, investment and financial institutions, insurance and investment banks are required. The expansion of the capital market is required to encourage and steer capital formation. The capital market encourages investment while also bringing vigour and dynamism to the country’s business organisations. The availability of accounting information and financial reporting is crucial for the effectiveness of capital markets, efficient resource allocation, capital information and economic development. Prior researchers prove the relevance of accounting information as a predictor of changes in stock behaviour in particular and growth of stock market in general. To augment this aspect the relevance of segment wise information provided by companies becomes important to be studied. Hence, the present study examines the influence of segment reporting on value relevance. Stock price after 90 days from the end of the financial year has been taken as a dependent variable and various segment related dimensions as independent variable for the period 2016–2017 to 2021–2022. It employed Ohlson (1995) model and indicates that Segment reporting information has significant and positive influence on value relevance thus it clearly indicates that investor’s view segment information while making investment decisions.
Do Crude Oil Price Fluctuations Affect the Sectoral Stock Returns: Evidence from India
Authors: Pathak Harsh Raj , Kumar Satish
Published: June 2024

Crude oil is a vital energy source for industrialised and developing countries. Both investors who trade crude oil derivatives and firms that use oil as raw material for production monitor oil supply and demand. Disruption in the flow of oil in the commodity markets, therefore, leads to oil price volatility that affects major economies worldwide. Often, geopolitical and natural conditions could adversely impact the oil price and the financial markets react to such fluctuations in oil prices. This paper analyses the effects of oil price changes on sectorial stock returns in India. Using daily returns of S&P BSE Sensex, S&P BSE Oil & Gas and S&P BSE-Auto sectoral indices from January 2000 to March 2020, we examined the impact of Brent crude oil price fluctuations on the two major sectorial stock indices and overall market index. The results of the Granger causality test show significant results on S&P BSE-Sensex and S&P BSE-Oil and Gas Index Returns except S&P BSE-Auto Index Returns. Further for contemporaneous association between the oil price changes and sectorial returns, we operationalised the simple regression analysis. The results from the regression analysis show statistically significant impact of crude oil price fluctuations on the sectorial returns.
Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) Reporting Practices in India: Evidence from Listed Power Sector Companies
Authors: Swain Bideharanjan , Kerketta Sujata , Dey Sanjeeb Kumar
Published: June 2024

Globally, G20 has been recognised as a catalyst in building environmentally sustainable growth and promoting energy transitions towards more flexible, transparent and cleaner energy systems through sustainability reporting practices. Sustainability reporting practices, an umbrella of Environment, Social and Governance (ESG) reporting practices review a specific set of criteria that evaluate a business on how effectively implements ESG projects and the impacts its factors have had on the business towards sustainable growth. By burning fossil fuels and emitting greenhouse gases, the power sector companies are more directly contributing to the global energy transition. For the net-zero transition, it is crucial to concentrate on sustainability and incorporate ESG reporting practices. The purpose of this study is to analyse the reporting practices of ESG indicators by 10 listed power sector companies; that have high market capitalisation operated in India. Sustainability, ESG and annual reports of selected companies are taken for five years spreading from the year 2017–2018 to 2021–2022. The presence of ESG indicators in power sectors is measured by Business Responsibility and Sustainability Report framework issued by SEBI guidelines. Descriptive cum exploratory research methods are used to analyse the ESG indicators in reporting practices of power sector companies. The finding of the analysis shows that all the sample power sector companies are disclosing ESG indicators and National Voluntary Guidelines in their sustainability reporting. The paper found that all the sample companies are disclosing the social indicators, more than the environmental and governance indicators in the sustainability report by top 10 power sector companies listed in NSE. Irrespective of ownership of companies, discloser of sustainable reports remains persistent over the years.
The Impact of Heuristics Bias on Investment Decision: An Empirical Study
Authors: Mer Prashantu , Vishwakarma Priyam
Published: June 2024

The purpose of the article is to investigate how heuristic bias affects investors’ investment decision. Understanding heuristic biases is essential for predicting and explaining human behaviour in various contexts, from consumer choices to financial decision-making and beyond. By identifying and categorizing different types of biases, researchers can discern patterns in decision-making that might otherwise remain obscure. The study takes into account four different types of heuristic bias, that is, availability bias, representativeness bias, overconfidence bias and adjustment and anchoring bias. It is very important to study heuristics bias because these biases can lead to deviations from the rational decision making. The knowledge of these biases can be used to develop strategies to improve decision making. With the aid of a questionnaire, the data is gathered. The method of convenient sampling is employed to choose 358 respondents. The data are analysed using Structural Equation Modelling and Descriptive Statistics. The study of the data reveals that the investors’ investment decisions are highly impacted by availability and adjustment and anchoring bias. Overconfidence and representativeness bias are insignificant.
Impact of Macro-Economic and Bank-Specific Variables on Banks Performance: A Comparison between Private and Public Sector Commercial Banks
Authors: Ghosh Krishnendu , Mondal Amitava
Published: June 2024

Present study is conducted to know the influence of bank-specific and macro-economic variables on bank performance in Indian context. A comparison has been made between public and private sector banks. For the purpose of the study, we have selected 32 commercial banks. Secondary data has been collected from the annual reports of the respective banks for the period 2010–11 to 2020–21. Panel regression model have been employed for the study. Empirical findings show that high operating expenses are not appropriately used to manage financial performance in sample banks especially for public sector banks. Study results also show that credit risk has an inverse association with financial performance. Leverage is negatively related to financial performance for public sector banks only. Deposit ratio, size and Annual GDP growth rate positively related to financial performance in all sample banks. While exchange rate has negative impact on the financial performances. The results show that different bank-specific and macro-economic variables influence differently with bank performance in public and private sector banks. The findings of the study will help policymakers and other stakeholders especially in the financial sector to understand various macro-economic and bank-specific variables impact on bank performances.
Determinants of Direct Tax Revenue in India: An Empirical Study via Incorporating Conventional, Financial, Social and Economic Policy Factors
Authors: Garg Shubham , Narwal Karam Pal , Kumar Sanjeev
Published: June 2024

Revenue mobilisation remains a stringent challenge for all countries across the globe, especially for underdeveloped and developing nations. But the capability of the government to generate revenue is limited and depends upon many factors. Therefore, the current study tries to explore the determinants of direct tax revenue of the government in India by incorporating conventional, social, financial and economic policy factors. The results explicate that in conventional factors, the agriculture sector contribution in sectoral composition has a negative impact, but trade openness has a positive and statistically significant impact on the direct tax collection of the government. Moreover, in social variables, urbanisation rates have positive impact in both the short and long run on the tax revenue of the government. In financial variables, the result illustrates that the credit deposit ratio has a positive, but, statistically insignificant impact and financial development have a positive and statistically significant impact on the direct tax collections of the government in India. Similarly, in economic policy factors, FDI, NODAU and broad money have a positive impact; however, the coefficient is significant only for broad money. The current study will act as a guide for policymakers, academicians and governments in formulating future policies and reforms in the direct taxation system of the country.
Management of Calcareous Corneal Degeneration from Medication Washout to Corneal Transplantation. Case Series and Review of the Literature
Authors: Lixi Filippo , Pintus Benedetta , Giannaccare Giuseppe
Published: June 2024

Calcareous corneal degeneration is a rare disease characterized by calcium phosphate deposition into the deep corneal layers. Corneal calcification has a multifactorial origin and is associated with various systemic and ocular conditions. Several treatment options showed promising results in the management of this disorder. Herein, two cases of calcareous degeneration occurring postoperatively in patients undergoing surgery for retinal detachment (case #1) and glaucoma (case #2) were reported. Despite normal serum calcium and phosphate levels, the patients developed corneal calcification after using topical steroid-phosphate drops. Treatment involved discontinuation of topical therapy and substitution with unpreserved phosphate-free lubricants. While case #1 resolved with conservative measures, which allowed a satisfactory visual recovery, case #2 required superficial keratectomy due to refractory calcification. Therefore, a correct diagnosis, careful lesion analysis, and tailored management are advisable in corneal calcification, with conservative measures being effective in most cases. At the same time, surgical intervention is necessary in refractory or advanced diseases.
A Theory and Evidence-Informed e-Cycling Intervention for Individuals Diagnosed With Cancer: Development Study
Authors: Bourne Jessica E , Kelly Paul , Armstrong Miranda E G
Published: June 2024

Background

Physical activity engagement following a cancer diagnosis is positively associated with survival, reduced risk of disease recurrence, and reduced cancer-specific and all-cause mortality. However, rates of physical activity engagement are low among individuals diagnosed with and being treated for breast cancer or prostate cancer.

Objective

The purpose of this study was to describe the systematic process of developing an e-cycling intervention aimed at increasing physical activity among individuals living with prostate cancer or breast cancer and outline the key components to be implemented.

Methods

The Medical Research Council guidance for developing complex interventions and the Behaviour Change Wheel were used to guide intervention development. Information was gathered from the literature and through discussions with end users to understand factors influencing e-cycling. These factors were mapped onto the Theoretical Domains Framework to identify potential mechanisms of action. Behavior change techniques were selected from theory and evidence to develop intervention content. Interested parties, including cycling instructors, end users, and behavior change experts, reviewed and refined the intervention.

Results

Anticipated barriers and facilitators to e-cycling engagement were mapped onto 11 of the 14 domains of the Theoretical Domains Framework. A total of 23 behavior change techniques were selected to target these domains over 4 one-to-one e-cycling sessions delivered by trained cycling instructors in the community. Cycling instructors were provided a 3-hour classroom training session on delivering the intervention and a 3-hour practical session with feedback. The outcome of this work is a theory and evidence-informed intervention aimed at promoting e-cycling behavior among individuals being treated for breast cancer or prostate cancer, which is currently being implemented and evaluated.

Conclusions

Transparent intervention development and reporting of content is important for comprehensively examining intervention implementation. The implementation of this intervention package is currently being evaluated in a pilot randomized controlled trial. If the intervention is found to be effective and the content and delivery are acceptable, this intervention will form a basis for the development of e-cycling interventions in other survivors of cancer.

Trial Registration

ISRCTN Registry ISRCTN39112034 https://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN39112034; and IRSCTN Registry ISRCTN42852156;
https://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN42852156
Correction: Effectiveness of an Artificial Intelligence-Assisted App for Improving Eating Behaviors: Mixed Methods Evaluation (Preprint)
Authors: Chew Han Shi Jocelyn , Chew Nicholas WS , Loong Shaun Seh Ern , Lim Su Lin , Tam Wai San Wilson , Chin Yip Han , Chao Ariana M , Dimitriadis Georgios K , Gao Yujia , So Jimmy Bok Yan , Shabbir Asim , Ngiam Kee Yuan
Published: June 2024

UNSTRUCTURED
A Two-Decade Journey of Evolution in Smart Homes:
A Systematic Review and Thematic Analysis on Health and User-Centric Innovations (Preprint)
Authors: Park Youna , Han Jieun
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

The smart home industry, powered by AI and IoT, has grown significantly, with market size expected to double by 2026. Academic projects like Georgia Tech's Aware home have enhanced our understanding of smart home technologies. However, current research often focuses narrowly on technology. This study aims to broaden the perspective by reviewing two decades of smart home literature using bibliometric analysis and thematic analysis, to better align future research with evolving user needs and market trends.

OBJECTIVE

This study analyzes smart home trends from 2000 to 2023 using bibliometric and thematic analysis to understand broader industry trends. It examines technological advances, service innovations, and shifts in user demands, aiming to inform future research and industry developments.

METHODS

The analysis is conducted in four steps: data collection from Web of Science, gathering 5,983 abstracts from 2000 to 2023.1H; data pre-processing and refinement; topic modelling of 1,003 selected articles; and combined bibliometric network analysis and qualitative in-depth analysis for interpretation.

RESULTS

This study reviews 1,003 articles on smart homes, highlighting advancements in technology, applications, and user-centric research over 20 years. It notes a shift from IoT and AI in basic functions to broader uses in energy management and healthcare, with a focus transitioning from affluent early adopters to more inclusive support for vulnerable groups. This evolution indicates a significant paradigm shift in the smart home sector, affecting future technology and service development.

CONCLUSIONS

The results of this research provide significant academic and practical insights by offering a comprehensive overview of the smart home domain’s evolution over the past twenty years, highlighting the shift from a technology-centric to a user-centric approach. This shift enhances academic understanding and opens new commercial opportunities, particularly in healthcare, focusing on user satisfaction and quality of life, paving the way for future real-world solutions.
Machine Learning–Based Prediction of Substance Use in Adolescents in Three Independent Worldwide Cohorts: Algorithm Development and Validation Study (Preprint)
Authors: Kim Soeun , Kim Hyejun , Kim Seokjun , Lee Hojae , Hammoodi Ahmed , Choi Yujin , Kim Hyeon Jin , Smith Lee , Kim Min Seo , Fond Guillaume , Boyer Laurent , Baik Sung Wook , Lee Hayeon , Park Jaeyu , Kwon Rosie , Woo Selin , Yon Dong Keon
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

To address gaps in global understanding of cultural and social variations, this study used a high-performance machine learning (ML) model to predict adolescent substance use across three national datasets.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to develop a generalizable predictive model for adolescent substance use using multinational datasets and ML.

METHODS

The study used the Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-Based Survey (KYRBS) from South Korea (n=1,098,641) to train ML models. For external validation, we used the Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS) from the United States (n=2,511,916) and Norwegian nationwide Ungdata surveys (Ungdata) from Norway (n=700,660). After developing various ML models, we evaluated the final model’s performance using multiple metrics. We also assessed feature importance using traditional methods and further analyzed variable contributions through SHapley Additive exPlanation values.

RESULTS

The study used nationwide adolescent datasets for ML model development and validation, analyzing data from 1,098,641 KYRBS adolescents, 2,511,916 YRBS participants, and 700,660 from Ungdata. The XGBoost model was the top performer on the KYRBS, achieving an area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) score of 80.61% (95% CI 79.63-81.59) and precision of 30.42 (95% CI 28.65-32.16) with detailed analysis on sensitivity of 31.30 (95% CI 29.47-33.20), specificity of 99.16 (95% CI 99.12-99.20), accuracy of 98.36 (95% CI 98.31-98.42), balanced accuracy of 65.23 (95% CI 64.31-66.17), F1-score of 30.85 (95% CI 29.25-32.51), and area under precision-recall curve of 32.14 (95% CI 30.34-33.95). The model achieved an AUROC score of 79.30% and a precision of 68.37% on the YRBS dataset, while in external validation using the Ungdata dataset, it recorded an AUROC score of 76.39% and a precision of 12.74%. Feature importance and SHapley Additive exPlanation value analyses identified smoking status, BMI, suicidal ideation, alcohol consumption, and feelings of sadness and despair as key contributors to the risk of substance use, with smoking status emerging as the most influential factor.

CONCLUSIONS

Based on multinational datasets from South Korea, the United States, and Norway, this study shows the potential of ML models, particularly the XGBoost model, in predicting adolescent substance use. These findings provide a solid basis for future research exploring additional influencing factors or developing targeted intervention strategies.
Relationship between Glycemic Control and Cardio-Metabolic Risk Factors
among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Sana'a City-Yemen
Relationship between Glycemic Control and Cardio-Metabolic Risk Factors
among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Sana'a City-Yemen (Preprint)
Authors: Ali Faisal , Maktary Lotfy , Maktary Lotfy , Al-khaldid Nora
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

Background: Impaired lipid metabolism in diabetic patients can lead to cardiometabolic complications.. So far, no data regarding such association are being available among Yemeni diabetic patients.

OBJECTIVE

Objective: This laboratory based cross-sectional study was conducted in National Center of Public Health Laboratories, ,Yemen from January 2022 to March 2022 over a period of 3 months to determine the correlation of glycemic control and lipid profile in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2 DM).

METHODS

A sample of 145 T2DM patients of both sexes recruited for this study. Anthropometric measures, fasting blood glucose (FBS) and fasting serum lipids (total cholesterol, TC; triglycerides, TG, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-C and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, HDL-C) measured. Data analyzed via descriptive statistics, Pearson’s correlation and Multiple Logistic Regression test.

RESULTS

The age of respondents ranged from 20 to 80 years with the mean age of 54.35±8.02 years. Among the patients male were 82 (56.6%) and female were 63 (43.4%). 105 (72.4%) were at no risk while 40 (27.6%) were at risk of having diabetic dyslipidemia. Mean body mass index (BMI), FBS and HbA1c were 25.02±5.22 kg/m2, 1.37±.489 and 1.67±0.474 respectively. Significant positive correlation of HbA1c and FBS with BMI, TC, TG, LDL-C and negative correlation with HDL-C was found. Significantly, higher TC, TG, LDL-C and HDL-C were found in poor glycemic control (HbA1c ≥ 6.0) group than good glycemic control (HbA1c < 6.0) group.

CONCLUSIONS

The findings of this study showed that, higher levels of glycemic parameters are significantly associated with dyslipidemia. These findings also indicate that HbA1c can be utilized for screening of high risk diabetic patients for early diagnosis of dyslipidemia and timely intervention with lipid lowering drugs.

CLINICALTRIAL

non
Assessment of GFR in Patients with Cancer
Authors: Kitchlu Abhijat , Silva Verônica T. Costa E. , Anand Shuchi , Kala Jaya , Abudayyeh Ala , Inker Lesley A. , Rosner Mitchell H. , Karam Sabine , Gudsoorkar Prakash , Gupta Shruti , Chen Sheldon , Klomjit Nattawat , Leung Nelson , Milanez Tomaz , Motwani Shveta S. , Khalid Sheikh B. , Srinivasan Vinay , Wanchoo Rimda , Beumer Jan H. , Liu Geoffrey , Tannir Nizar M. , Orchanian-Cheff Ani , Geng Yimin , Herrmann Sandra M.
Published: June 2024

Accurate assessment of GFR is crucial to guiding drug eligibility, dosing of systemic therapy, and minimizing the risks of both undertreatment and toxicity in patients with cancer. Up to 32% of patients with cancer have baseline CKD, and both malignancy and treatment may cause kidney injury and subsequent CKD. To date, there has been lack of guidance to standardize approaches to GFR estimation in the cancer population. In this two-part statement from the American Society of Onco-Nephrology, we present key messages for estimation of GFR in patients with cancer, including the choice of GFR estimating equation, use of race and body surface area adjustment, and anticancer drug dose-adjustment in the setting of CKD. These key messages are based on a systematic review of studies assessing GFR estimating equations using serum creatinine and cystatin C in patients with cancer, against a measured GFR comparator. The preponderance of current data involving validated GFR estimating equations involves the CKD Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) equations, with 2508 patients in whom CKD-EPI using serum creatinine and cystatin C was assessed (eight studies) and 15,349 in whom CKD-EPI with serum creatinine was assessed (22 studies). The former may have improved performance metrics and be less susceptible to shortfalls of eGFR using serum creatinine alone. Since included studies were moderate quality or lower, the American Society of Onco-Nephrology Position Committee rated the certainty of evidence as low. Additional studies are needed to assess the accuracy of other validated eGFR equations in patients with cancer. Given the importance of accurate and timely eGFR assessment, we advocate for the use of validated GFR estimating equations incorporating both serum creatinine and cystatin C in patients with cancer. Measurement of GFRviaexogenous filtration markers should be considered in patients with cancer for whom eGFR results in borderline eligibility for therapies or clinical trials.
Impact of Digital Marketing on the Customer Perecptions Related to Brand
Authors: Rangrez Shaina Bano
Published: June 2024

Abstract: The introduction of digital marketing has fundamentally changed consumer views by revolutionising how firms interact with consumers. This study examines how consumer views of brands are impacted by digital marketing, with a particular emphasis on important components including brand awareness, brand loyalty, and brand equity. In order to measure customer attitudes and perceptions influenced by digital marketing methods, such as social media campaigns, content marketing, and targeted commercials, the research employs a mixed-method approach, combining quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews. The results show that digital marketing—especially through personalised and interactive content—is essential for raising brand awareness and engagement. Through the creation of communities around brands and the facilitation of direct connection, social media platforms become effective tools for building brand loyalty. Additionally, the study emphasises the significance of In order to establish and preserve brand equity, digital marketing campaigns must be authentic and consistent
Do Motivation and Competence Influence the Performance of Teachers in Vocational Schools?
Authors: Septin Angel Chandra , Rumijati Aniek , Febriani Rizki
Published: June 2024

Teacher performance in Indonesia is like a complex phenomenon, combining bright and shadowy sides. Many teachers in Indonesia still need to improve their qualifications and competencies. This study aims to analyze the influence of motivation and competence on teacher performance and career development as mediating variables. This research was conducted on Telkom Malang Vocational School teachers, with 71 teachers as respondents. The sampling technique uses saturated sampling or census. Data collection was carried out using questionnaire techniques. The data analysis technique uses the PLS-SEM method with SmartPLS software. The results showed that motivation did not significantly affect teacher performance or career development. Conversely, competence positively and significantly influences teacher performance and career development. However, career development does not affect teacher performance. In addition, motivation does not affect teacher performance through career development, and competence does not affect teacher performance through career development. There is a need to focus on developing teacher competencies to improve their performance and career. Motivation may not be a key factor, but it is vital to maintain adequate motivation in a work environment.