bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IZMENENIYa MINERAL'NOY PLOTNOSTI KOSTNOY TKANI U BOL'NYKh ANKILOZIRUYuShchIM SPONDILOARTRITOM
Authors: MYaSOUTOVA L. I. , LAPShINA S. A. , SALIKhOV I. G. , VASIL'EV A. G.
Published: January 2018

Objective. To determine a bone mineral density (BMD) changes in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) depending on demographical data, clinical and laboratory findings. Materials and methods. 42 patients (male - 36 (85,7%), female - 6 (14,3%), 21 to 47 years of age, mean age 33,2±8,4, mean disease duration 7,8±5,9 years) with proven diagnosis of AS were included in the study performed at the Centre of osteoporosis treatment and prevention. All patients were HLA-B27 positive, 23 (54,8%) had peripheral arthritis. Evaluation included back pain assessment with VAS scale, morning stiffness duration assessment, modified Schober’s test, limitation of chest expansion assessment, calculation of BASDAI, BASFI and ASDAS-CRP scores, ESR and CRP levels. To evaluate BMD all patient underwent dual-emission X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) at lumbar spine (L1-L4) and hip neck. Results. Among male patients normal BMD was found in 6 (16,7%) patients, 19 (52,8%) had osteopenia, 11 (30,5%) -osteoporosis. Among male patients normal BMD was found in 1 (16,7%) patients, 1 (16,7%) had osteopenia, 4 (66,6°%) — osteoporosis. BMD at the lumbar spine in male patients was significantly higher compared to females (p<0,05). Patients with high disease activity and peripheral arthritis had significantly lower BMD at lumbar spine. Patients with osteoporosis and osteopenia had higher pain score on VAS compared to patients with normal BMD. We observed an association between BMD and duration of AS, Schober’s test results, disease activity and CRP. Conclusion. High clinical activity, presence of peripheral arthritis, significant changes in spinal movement were found to be predictors of BMD decrease in patients with AS. Patients with AS and osteopenia had more pronounced pain syndrome.
O PRIRODE ZONOSPETsIFIChNOSTI REAKTsIY SKELETA ChELOVEKA V USLOVIYaKh NEVESOMOSTI»
Authors: Oganov V. S. , Skripnikova I. A. , Novikov V. E. , BAKULIN A. V. , KABITsKAYa O. E. , MURAShKO L. M.
Published: January 2018

Densitometry of cosmonauts following long duration missions revealed different types of site specific changers of human skeleton. So, theoretically, the expected a decrease in bone mass according with gravity vector reflected the local specificity of bone genes expression connected with the mechanical history of Homo erectus evolution. High individual variability of bone mass changes may be a manifestation of genetic polymorphism. We show the individual stability of bone mass changes at different sites of skeleton after repetitive spaceflights. This phenomenon may be considered as an illustration of phenotypical characteristics of local bone metabolism in the form of specific for this locus spatial structure of non-collagenic proteins distribution.
DISORDERS OF BONE METABOLISM IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS WITH HYPERPROLACTINEMIA
Authors: Zhurtova I. B. , Rumyantsev A. G.
Published: January 2018

Many patients with prolactin secreting pituitary tumors have a decreased bone mineral density. The bone loss is associated with an increase in bone resorption and is secondary to prolactin-induced hypogonadism. Normalization of prolactin increases the BMD but is not associated with its normalization. Despite low BMD hyperprolactinemic subjects do not demonstrate increase in fractures compared with the general population.
THE RELATIONSHIP OF THE DISTAL DIABETIC POLYNEUROPATHY WITH PARAMETERS OF FOOT BONE MINERAL DENSITY IN PATIENTS WITH DIABETES MELLITUS
Authors: Molitvoslovova N A , Zernova T O , Yaroslavtseva M V , Galstyan G R
Published: January 2018

The aim of the study was to evaluate foot bone mineral density (BMD) in diabetes mellitus (DM) complicated with distal neuropathy (DN). Materials and methods. 61 patients with DM (DM1-27, DM2-34) were included. 37patients had Charcot osteoarthropathy (the 1st group), the 2nd group (13 patients) with severe DN, the 3rd group (11 patients) with mild DN, and control group consisted of 15 healthy people. All patients underwent dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) Lunar Prodigy scan. BMD was measured in lumbar spine, hip and radius. Foot BMD was measured using the «Total Body» region’s analysis. Results. There was a significant difference in foot BMD between controls and the 1st (р=0,031) and the 3rd (р=0,027) groups with no significant difference between the groups of patients. Foot BMD significantly correlated with spine, hip and radiusBMD (г=0,5-0,63, р<0,00001), BMI (r=0,4, р=0,000). Negative correlation was found between foot BMD and diabetes duration (r=-0,3, p<0,005) and HbA1c (r=-0,2, р=0,045). No correlation was found between DN and foot BMD. Conclusion. No association between severity of DN and foot BMD was found.
EFFECT OF ALENDRONATE COMBINED WITH ALFACALCIDOL ON THE BIOLOGICAL STABILITY OF HIP JOINT ENDOPROSTHESIS IN PATIENTS WITH SYSTEMIC OSTEOPOROSIS
Authors: Rodionova S S , Turgumbayev T N
Published: January 2018

In a comparative study we investigated the influence of a combination of alendronate and alfacalcidol on the dynamics of bone mass density (BMD) at the site attached to the femoral component of endoprosthesis in total hip replacement in patients with systemic osteoporosis. Evaluation of performance of pharmacotherapy in the postoperative period on osteoporosis, systemic osteoporosis, sustained BMD deficit at Gruen regions confirmed that the essential component of osteointegration at the «implant-bone» site during the period of physiological adaptive remodeling after arthroplasty in women suffering from systemic osteoporosis is the pharmacological correction of the intensity of bone resorption in post-operative period.
RESULTS OF THE ANALYSIS OF RISK FACTORS AND ABSOLUTE RISK OF FRACTURE (FRAX) IN MEN WITH FRACTURES OF THE PROXIMAL FEMUR
Authors: Ershova O B , Sinitsyna O S , Belova K Y , Degtyarev A A , Ganert O A , Romanova M A , Nazarova A V
Published: January 2018

Fractures of the proximal femur (FPF) significantly affect the increase of mortality and disability in men. According to the data of the epidemiological studies in Russian Federation the incidence FPF at the age of 65 years is higher in men than in women, which is different from those obtained in most other countries. Objective: To assess the risk factors for fracture and to estimate the risk of fracture using the FRAX in order to calculate the absolute risk of fracture in men with occurred FPF. Materials and Methods: We performed a cross-sectional continuous epidemiological study. The study group included 128 men 40-69 years old with FPF, the comparison group consisted of 108 patients with FPF 70 years of age or older. The patients filled out questionnaires to assess the risk factors for fracture. Alcohol consumption was estimated based on the results of tests «CAGE» and «Audit». In order to identify vertebral fractures we performed radiography of thoracic and lumbar spine with morphometric studies. We measured the levels of testosterone and 17-estradiol electrochemiluminescence immunoassay «ECLIA» (Elecsys 2010). FRAX (www.shef.ac.uk\FRAX) was applied to estimate the absolute risk of fracture; the results were interpreted according to the schedule thresholds depending on the patient’s age (www.osteoporoz.ru). Statistical analysis was performed using STATISTICA v.10.0 software. Results: The patients in the study group had more prior fractures (p<0,05), more of them were smokers (p <0,002), systematically drank alcohol (p <0,05). Secondary osteoporosis was detected in 53 (41.40%) of men in this study group, including hypogonadism in 49 (41.88%) patients. Only 6 (4.69%) patients had no risk factors, a single risk factor noted in 20 (15.63%), two in 47 (36.72%), three or more in 55 (42.97%) patients. High risk of fractures by FRAX was observed in 17 (16.66%) in the treatment group and in 2 (1.85%) of men in the comparison group. Conclusion: The high incidence of FPF in men up to 69 years of age in Russia can be explained by their having a large number of major risk factors for osteoporotic fractures, especially of previous fractures, smoking, systematic use / abuse of alcohol and hypogonadism. A small number of individuals with FRAX values above the threshold level indicate the need for further epidemiological studies with a large number of observations that would lead to increase in the sensitivity of FRAX and would specify the threshold values of this index.
OSTEOPOROZ AKSIAL'NOGO SKELETA I EGO PRIChINY U ZhENShchIN V POSTMENOPAUZE V POZDNIE SROKI POSLE PERESADKI SOLIDNYKh ORGANOV (POChKI I PEChENI)
Authors: PRONChENKO I A , BUZULINA V P , ERMAKOVA I P , MOYSYuK Ya G
Published: January 2018

Purpose. The elucidation of the frequency and general determinants of postmenopausal women osteoporosis at the date >12 months following kidney allotransplantation (KA) and orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT). Materials and methods: There were fulfilled estimations of bone biochemical markers, estradiol, parathyroid hormone (PTH) in blood serum so as bone mineral density of lumbar vertebras (BMD) in 24 women following KA (32 estimations) and in 17 — after OLT (43 estimations). Results: Osteoporosis was revealed in 45% and 35%, hyperparathyroidism — in 90% and 37°% women after KA and OLT accordingly. BMD was positively correlated with free estradiol index in women after KA and OLT and inversely with PTH in women after KA so as with bone biochemical markers, disease duration before operation, level ofhyperbilirubinaemia in women after OLT and was more lower in women with cholestatic diseases. Conclusions: General determinants of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women following KA — estradiol deficit and hyperparathyroidism; after OLT — cholestatic liver diseases, transplant dysfunction and estradiol deficit. Osteoporosis in women with immunosupression without glucocorticoids and normobilirubinaemia so as type 1 postmenopausal osteoporosis associated with increased bone turnover and in women with transplant dysfunction — with increased bone resorption.
PROLIA (DENOSUMAB): ANALYSIS OF RECENT PUBLICATIONS FROM THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH (ASMBR) MEETING 2013
Authors: Pigarova E A
Published: January 2018

On October 4—7, 2013 Baltimore (USA) hosted the Annual Congress of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASMBR), during which many publications were devoted to denosumab, a human monoclonal antibody to the main pathogenic link of osteoporosis — RANK-ligand, which results in a dramatic suppression of bone resorption, creating favorable conditions for the restoration of bone and a marked reduction in fracture risk. Some of the papers presented at the Congress deserve special attention and are discussed in this publication. These studies add new colors to the overall picture of denosumab action, showing efficacy of long-term treatment to suppress bone resorption, increase BMD, reduce fracture risk, improvement in the quality of the cortical bone tissue, ultrastructuralpreservation of normal bone parameters.
PRIVERZhENNOST' PROFILAKTIKE OSTEOPOROZA I VLIYaYuShchIE NA NEE FAKTORY U ZhITEL'NITs MOSKOVSKOY OBLASTI
Authors: MARChENKOVA L A , DREVAL' A V , DOBRITsYNA M A
Published: January 2018

Despite high prevalence and severity of complications, osteoporosis (OP) in Russia is still not recognized as a socially significant disease and there are no common standards for prevention of OP and associated fractures. The aim of the study was to investigate the adherence of healthy females to prevention measures of OP and the affecting it factors to develop the principles governing the preventive strategy of OP. Methods. The study is performed in Moscow Region (MR) in a form of a questionnaire survey in the population of adult healthy women aged >20 years. The data are obtained using "Questionnaires on osteoporosis prevention" and "The test of knowledge in the field of osteoporosis" developed in Clinical Research Institution of Moscow Region named after M.F. Vladimirsky. Study comprised 1712 female aged from 20 till 87 years (median 55,0 years [45,0; 44,0]) living in 16 districts and 11 cities of MR. Taking into account the quality of the filling of questionnaires, data provided by 1631 women were included in the statistical analysis. Results. It is established that 31% of female inhabitants of MR are engaged in OP prevention, using for this purpose mainly calcium-containing drugs (64,3%) and increased consumption of calcium in food (59,8%). 93% of these women get preventive therapy at their own expense, spending on them on the average 200 rub a month, and preventive medication has appeared more saving than non-pharmacological preventive measures. Socially active working women at the age of 50-69 years are motivated on prevention of OP better than others. Level of the OP awareness and undertaking densitometry screening also directly influence adherence to OP prevention.
CLINICAL PREDICTORS OF LOW BONE MINERAL DENSITY IN CHILDREN WITH JUVENILE IDIOPATHIC ARTHRITIS
Authors: Kostik M M , Larionova V I , Scheplyagina L A
Published: January 2018

The aim of this study was to assess the role of simple clinical and laboratorial markers for prediction of low bone mineral density (LBMD < -2 SD) in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). Low weight and linear growth (<10% and 25%), BMI < 16.6, MD VAS > 5.0, DAS > 2.9, DAS28 > 4.2, JADAS 10 > 15.6, JADAS 27 > 15.1, CDAI > 18.1, Steinbrocker's functional class > 2, systemic arthritis, corticosteroid treatment, arthritis duration > 4.5 years, number of active joints > 5, number of painful joints > 9, morning stiffness > 90 minutes, parental overall JIA activity (VAS) > 5.8, ESR > 16 mm/h, CRP > 22.6 mg/l were associated with increased risk of LBMD in JIA children. Among metabolic markers Ca total < 2.42 mmol/l and Pi > 1.59 mmol/l also increased the possibility of LBMD. Our data can help to identify the JIA patients at risk for LBMD and to suggest the indications for densitometry evaluation of JIA children.
EFFECT OF GLUCOCORTICOID THERAPY FOR CONGENITAL ADRENAL HYPERPLASIA IN ADULT PATIENTS ON REDUCTION OF BONE MINERAL DENSITY
Authors: Sazonova A I , Molashenko N V , Troshina E A
Published: January 2018

Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is a disease leading to decreased adrenal cortisol secretion which requires lifelong treatment with glucocorticoids (GC). However the question whether these patients need regular DXA screening for osteoporosis is still widely discussed in literature. The aim of this study was to evaluate bone mineral density (BMD) in adult patients with classical forms of CAH in Russian population. We have shown that 22% of patients had low BMD which had no correlation with compensation and GC doses. There were no significant deviations in biochemical markers of bone turnover levels. The serum Vitamin D deficiency was found in 89% of patients with CAH which needed early correction in patients with low BMD.
MEDICAL METHODS OF CORRECTION OF RENAL OSTEODYSTROPHY
Authors: Egshatyan L V , Rozhinskaya L Ya
Published: January 2018

The article presents a literature review summarizing the contemporary data on the effects of drug therapy on various parameters of renal osteodystrophy: phosphate binders, vitamin D preparations, bisphosphonates, denosumab, and calcimimetics. We discuss the results of pilot study of the efficacy of teriparatide and denosumab on parameters of bone metabolism in patients with chronic kidney disease.
REFRACTURE PREVENTION SYSTEM: FIRST RESULTS OF A PILOT PROGRAM WITHIN THE PROJECT «PROMETHEUS» IN YAROSLAVL
Authors: Belova K Yu , Yershova O B , Degtyarev A A , Belov M V , Gerasimov V O , Fedotov S Yu
Published: January 2018

In order to reduce the incidence of recurrent fractures in patients that had already experienced low-energy (osteoporotic) fracture, the International Osteoporosis Foundation initiated the program «Capture the fracture». Established Best Practice Framework represents 13 standards to evaluate the effectiveness of the centers for the prevention of recurrent fractures, organized in different countries. In 2012 the Russian Association on Osteoporosis started the project PROMETHEUS [Creation the system to prevent recurrence of fractures in patients with osteoporosis]. In order to implement this program in the city of Yaroslavl we conducted a pilot project to establish a center for the prevention of recurrent fractures in patients who have received osteoporotic fracture. In this article we assess the effectiveness of the work of this center with the use of international standards, identify key problems and propose solutions.
THE INFLUENCE OF AWARENESS OF PATIENTS WITH POSTMENOPAUSAL OSTEOPOROSIS ABOUT THE MAGNITUDE OF THE FRAX 10-YEAR ABSOLUTE RISK OF FRACTURE ON THE DECISION TO START AND THE ADHERENCE TO ANTIOSTEOPOROTIC TREATMENT (INTERIM RESULTS OF «CRYSTAL» STUDY)
Authors: Lesnyak O M , Khoseva E N , Menshikova L V , Antonova T V , Ivygina I M , Kapustina E V , Veytsman I I , Belousova I B , Sitnikova E I , Shkireeva S Yu , Bozhko O B , Bezlyudnaya N V , Gilyazeva L Kh , Kozhevnikova N Yu , Titova Yu V , Chikina E N , Kalinina N N , Prokhorova I E
Published: January 2018

To assess the influence of informing patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis about the their probability of 10-year absolute fracture risk calculated by FRAX tool on the patient ’s decision to start treatment and their adherence to therapy during 3 years of follow-up. Materials and Methods. Multicenter open randomized trial included 417 women (mean age 65.9 years). Patients of the 1 group (n=191) were informed about the value of their absolute risk of fracture by FRAX. Patients of the 2 group (the control; n=196) got usual advice and recommendations without calculating FRAX. All patients were recommended to take alendronate in a standard dose (70 mg a week) and calcium/vitamin D supplements. Results. During the first three months after initial visit 96.4% of patients started their treatment. The adherence to treatment at sixth month was 7% higher in the group 1; the compliance in the group 1 was 8% higher, than in the control group. 6.4% of patients developed adverse drug reactions, which led to cancellation of therapy in only 2.9% of patients.
EPIDEMIOLOGY OF OSTEOPOROTIC FRACTURES IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION AND THE RUSSIAN MODEL OF FRAX
Authors: Lesnyak O M , Yershova O B , Belova K Yu , Gladkova E N , Sinitsyna O S , Ganert O A , Romanova M A , Hodyrev V N , Johanson H , McCloskey E V , Kanis J A
Published: January 2018

Introduction. The incidence of fractures of the proximal femur (FPF), fractures of the forearm and humerus was studied in two cities of the Russian Federation. This index was used to create the Russian model FRAX and to assess the present and future burden of fractures. Objective. So far, little is known about the epidemiology of fractures in Russia. The aim of the study was to determine the incidence of major fractures to create a Russian model of FRAX and evaluate the present and future burden of fractures. Materials and methods. In well-defined populations of two Russian cities, we had determined a number FPF and forearm fractures of the humerus for 2-2-year period. Data were combined and the resulting incidence used to calculate FRAX model for the Russian Federation and to calculate the projected number of fractures in the Russian Federation in 2010 and 2025. Results. A total of 6012 fractures were identified. Among all FPF, 27% of Pervouralsk and 1.8% in Yaroslavl were not registered on the official data of medical institutions. The incidence of fractures increased with age and was higher in women than in men. The probability of experiencing a FPF in later life at the age of 50 years was 4% of men and 7% of women. Total number FPF in 2010 was 112 thousand cases and it is expected to rise by 2025 to 159 thousand a year. The estimated number of major osteoporotic fractures will increase from 590 thousand to 730 thousand cases for the same period. Conclusions. Osteoporotic fractures are a serious health problem for Russia. It is necessary to take urgent measures to improve emergency care at FPF and long-term care for this and other osteoporotic fractures.
MINERAL'NAYa PLOTNOST' KOSTI I SOSTOYaNIE SOSUDISTOY STENKI V ZAVISIMOSTI OT STATUSA REPLIKATIVNOGO KLETOChNOGO STARENIYa U ZhENShchIN V POSTMENOPAUZAL'NOM PERIODE
Authors: SKRIPNIKOVA I A , ALIKhANOVA N A , TKAChEVA O N , ABIROVA E S , NOVIKOV V E , MURAShKO L M , ShARAShKINA N V , ISAYKINA O Yu , VYGODIN V A
Published: January 2018

Objective: to examine the relationship between bone mineral density (BMD), the parameters of vascular stiffness and biomarkers of cellular aging in postmenopausal women. Materials and Methods: In a cross-sectional study107 patients were included: women at the age range of 45 to 82 years who were observed outpatient and signed a written informed consent. Assessment of BMD was performed using DXA (Delphi W, Hologic, USA). The intima-media thickness (IMT), the presence and quantity of atherosclerotic plaques (AP), and the degree of carotid stenosis were examined by duplex scanning. The pulse wave velocity (PWV), augmentation index (Aix) were measured by applanation tonometry (SphygmoCor).To determine telomere length (DT) in leukocytes the method of real-time PCR was used. This was done by measuring the relative telomere length in the genomic DNA. Determination of telomerase activity (Aix) was carried out on pure monocyte fraction of isolated blood cells on the basis of telomerase polymerase reaction.Statistical analysis was performed using the software application Statistical Analysis System (USA). Results: With the increase in duration of menopause a gradual increase in the stiffness rate (PWV, AI), IMT and decrease of BMD was noticed in all examined parts of the skeleton. The maximal values of vascular stiffness, minimal values of BMD and the shortest telomeres were found in patients with 10+ years of menopause. The risk of bone mass loss and osteoporosis increased by 3 times in patients with high values of PWV ≥10 m/sec[OP-3,1, 95%CI, 1,13-9,89 (p<0,05)], by more than 4 times in patients with AI≥ 20% [OP-4,35, 95%CI, 1,02-11,0 (p<0,05)]and the IMT >0,9 mm by 2,45 times in patients with presence of AP in the carotid arteries and with the shortest telomeres [OP-2,45, 95%CI, 1,05-6,08 (p<0,05)]. During multivariate regression analysis after adjusting for age and menopause duration the negative relationship between IA, IMT and BMD remained highly significant, while in relation to PWV, AP presence and telomere length, such a correlation was not confirmed. Conclusion: In postmenopausal women low BMD is associated with high rates of Aix and the thickness of the IMT. The independent relationship of BMD with Aix, rather than with PWV, apparently could be explained by the involvement of small vessels -arterioles. Short telomeres are 2.45 times more frequent in patients with low bone mass, but the relationship has not been confirmed in the regression analysis, which excludes the independent nature of this aging marker with BMD.
COMPARATIVE EFFECTIVENESS OF VARIOUS EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMS IN OSTEOPOROSIS
Authors: Yevstigneyeva L P , Kuznetsova N M , Lesnyak O M
Published: January 2018

Background: educational programs may be beneficial in a variety of important factors for the prevention, treatment and management of osteoporosis. Objectives: to evaluate the influence of the three different educational interventions on knowledge, dietary calcium, physical activities and adherence to treatment of osteoporosis. Methods: 117 patients (middle age 63.3 ± 8.1 years old, 95.7% are women) with osteoporosis have been included in this study. All patients were randomized to three groups. The patients of intervention group (n=39) had an osteoporosis school program (4 lessons with using interactive methods in groups of 5-8 patients). The patients of the control group (n=38) received brochures with general information about osteoporosis. The patients of the comparison group(n=40) received lecture (1 x 1.5 h) about osteoporosis. Average changes from baseline in knowledge, dietary calcium, physical activities and time of physical exercises was evaluated in 3, 6 and 12 months. Adherence to treatment was evaluated in 12 months. Results: After educational programs level of knowledge was increased in patients of the intervention group in 3, 6 and 12 months by 23,8%, 22,9%, 21,1%, in the group of brochures - by 0.5%, 1.8%, 4.7%, correspondingly, p<0.01. In the group, who received lecture level of knowledge was increased by 18.0%, 15.8%, 14.6% (р<0.05 when compared with the brochure at visits 3 and 6 months). The using of dietary calcium was increased in 3, 6 and 12 months in the intervention group by 188.5 mg, 211.8 mg and 238.1 mg. In group,whoreceivedbrochuresby 146.8 mg, 106.4 mg, 84.4 mg, in group,whoreceived lecture by 66.0 mg, 80.4 mg and 68.3 mg (p<0.05when compared intervention group with the group,who received lecture at visits 3 months).Physical activity was increased in 3, 6 and 12 months in intervention group by 1.7, 1.9, 0.9 scores and was significantly higher, than in group,whoreceived lecture(0.2, 0.2, 0.1 scores) and in control group,whoreceived brochures(0.1, 0.2, 0 scores). Time of physical exercises was increased by 45.1, 54.2 и 49.9 min in week in the intervention group and was significantly more than in the groups,whoreceived lecture or brochures. Adherence to pathogenetic osteoporosis treatment was higher in the intervention group: 56.4% of intervention group, and 30.0% of the group,whoreceived lecture, and 13.2% of group,whoreceived brochures took pathogenetic medication regularly during the year (p<0.01when compared the intervention group with the control group). Conclusions: educational program with using interactive methods in small groups increases knowledge about of osteoporosis, dietary calcium,physicalactivities and increases adherence to treatment of pathogenetic medication more than brochure and lecture.
Blogging in Beirut
Authors: Jurkiewicz Sarah
Published: January 2018

Unlike previous media-analytic research, Sarah Jurkiewicz's anthropological study understands blogging as a social field and a domain of practice. This approach underlines the significance of blogging in practitioners' daily lives and for their self-understanding. In this context, the notion of publicness enables a consideration of publics not as static 'spheres' that actors merely enter, but as produced and constituted by social practices. The vibrant media landscape of Beirut serves as a selection of samples for an ethnographic exploration of blogging.
Organisierendes Arbeiten
Authors: Kalff Yannick
Published: January 2018

Was machen Menschen eigentlich, wenn sie in Projekten arbeiten? Die Frage mag trivial anmuten. Arbeits- und Organisationssoziologie haben Projekte erforscht, jedoch immer nur aus ihrem je spezifischen Blickwinkel. Yannick Kalff überwindet diese Trennung und nimmt die Performativität von Projekten in den Blick, welche sich aus zwei Komponenten zusammensetzt: In Projekten arbeiten Menschen an der Organisation - und sie organisieren ihre Arbeit. Für ein Verständnis der Selbstorganisation und der Planung in Projekten bietet diese Studie einen empirisch gestützten, konzeptionellen Rahmen, welcher die soziale Praxis und die konkreten organisierenden Tätigkeiten ausleuchtet.
KESESUAIAN KEBERADAAN RUMAH TIDAK LAYAK HUNI (RTLH) TERHADAP TATA RUANG WILAYAH DI KOTA YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Ritohardoyo Su , Sadali Mohammad Isnaini
Published: January 2018

Residence is one of the basic rights of every person, meaning that every citizen has the right to reside and got a decent living environment. But in reality, not everyone can get a place to stay that is livable. This has been, is, and will became always a problem for communities and governments in developing residential areas with proper environmental quality. Therefore, this paper presents the results of research that aims to: (1) identification and mapping out where residence were un-inhabitable (RTLH); (2) analysis of the suitability of the location RTLH the spatial plan; and (3) analysis RTLH handling, to formulate strategies based on spatial policy. The study was conducted in the city of Yogyakarta, is based on a spatial approach using secondary data, data analysis using quantitative and qualitative descriptive methode. The results showed that the number of RTLH in Yogyakarta until the year 2014 as a whole is 3,304 residences, or 3.55 percent of the total number of residences (92 965 pieces), spread over 14 districts and 45 villages. Judging spatial, the majority (65.63%) RTLH is in a residential zone, while others (34.37%) RTLH are in non-residential zone. RTLH in non-residential zone, 13.09 percent are in protected areas, namely in the zone of green open space (RTH) of 9.42 percent, and 3.67 percent in the zones of nature reserves and cultural heritage. The remaining 21.28 percent RTLH contained in non-residential area of cultivation. RTLH handling can be done by way of demolition, relocation, land acquisition, as well as indemnity. RTLH for priority handling should be done in a protected area. Efforts that can be implemented to overcome the problems RTLH and slums, is to provide support for policy and program strategies appropriate, integrated and comprehensive.
Acquired Amegakaryocytic Thrombocytopenic Purpura Progressing into Aplastic Anemia
Authors: Novotný Jan Philipp , Köhler Birgit , Max Regina , Egerer Gerlinde
Published: January 2018

Acquired amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenic purpura (AATP) is a rare hematological disorder characterized by severe thrombocytopenia and a complete or near-to complete absence of megakaryocytes in the bone marrow, while granulopoiesis, as well as erythropoiesis are usually preserved. Although autoimmune mechanisms are believed to be causative, the exact underlying pathogenesis is not known. To date, only few cases have been reported and management of this disease remains controversial with immunosuppression being the treatment modality of choice in the majority of patients. In this article, we report a case of newly acquired AATP without an associated autoimmune disease, refractory to corticoids, intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) and second-generation TPO (thrombopoietin) agonists, which have recently been approved for the treatment of thrombocytopenia. Finally, in accordance with other reports, disease progression into aplastic anemia has occurred.
Current status, challenges, and prospects of biopesticide utilization in Nigeria
Authors: Ivase Tertsegha John-Paul , Nyakuma Bemgba Bevan , Ogenyi Blessing Uwere , Balogun Adinoyi David , Hassan Muhammed Nuraddeen
Published: January 2018

The toxicity, persistence, and non-biodegradability of chemical pesticides have increased calls for the adoption of sustainable and cost-effective pest control measures. Biopesticides present a sustainable alternative to synthetic pesticides. However, the biopesticide utilization in agrarian countries like Nigeria remains low, resulting in increased chemical pesticide utilization. Therefore, this paper seeks to examine the current status, challenges, and prospects of biopesticides in Nigeria. The findings revealed that biopesticide utilization in Nigeria is low due to high costs, poor infrastructure, skilled manpower alongside inconsistent field performance and government policies. The solution to these challenges will significantly boost crop protection, food security, and sustainable agriculture in Nigeria.
Effects of Minimum Wages on Absence from Work Due to Illness
Authors: Du Juan , Leigh J. Paul
Published: January 2018

Using longitudinal data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics for 1997–2013 and difference-in-differences (DD) and difference-in-difference-in-differences (DDD) techniques, we estimate the effects of minimum wages on absence from work due to own and others’ (such as children’s) illnesses. We use person fixed effects within both linear and two-part models, the latter to explore changes at extensive and intensive margins. A lower educated group (likely affected by minimum wages) is compared with higher educated groups (likely unaffected). Within the lower educated group, we find higher minimum wages are associated with lower rates of absence due to own and others’ illness combined and due to own illness alone, but not associated with absence due to others’ illness. A $1 increase in the real minimum wage results in 19 % (in DD model) and 32 % (DDD) decreases in the absence rate due to own illness evaluated at the mean. These findings are strongest for persons who are not employed year-round and among the lowest wage earners. In additional analysis, we show that these effects are likely not due to changes in labor supply or job-related attributes. Instead, we find a possible mechanism: higher minimum wages improve self-reported health for lower educated workers.
Occurrence of Ips typographus (L.) after wind damage in the Kościeliska Valley of the Tatra National Park
Authors: Grodzki Wojciech , Fronek Wojciech Gąsienica
Published: January 2018

At the end of 2013, Norway spruce stands in the area of the Tatra National Park were severely damaged by strong storms especially in the Kościeliska Valley region. In the following spring of 2014, a survey recording the occurrence of the spruce bark beetle Ips typographus (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Scolytinae) was initiated in order to describe the dynamics of beetle reproduction in relation to protection measures executed in wind-damaged stands. Ten research plots with 20 trees each were established in a socalled active protection zone, where the broken and fallen trees had been processed and removed in 2014, and in a passive protection zone, where no actions were taken, and the dynamics of Norway spruce mortality due to bark beetle infestation including quantitative parameters (infestation density, sex ratio of beetle populations) were examined. The entomological analyses were performed on 25 × 25 cm large bark samples taken from four (active zone) or two (passive zone) tree sections. In the first year of the survey, no infested standing trees were recorded on the plots and the colonisation of fallen and broken trees was very weak. In the second year (2015), infestations appeared in larger numbers on the plots with passive compared to active protection but the infestation density was 0.89 mating chambers per 1 dm2 regardless of the protection status. In the third year (2016), most of the remaining living spruces had been infested with a mean density of 0.82 m.ch. per 1 dm2. In 2015, the proportion of females in the beetle population was 65.8% being higher in the active (68.4%) than the passive (64.0%) protection zone, while in 2016 the proportion was 63.5% and in this case slightly higher in the passive protection zone (63.9% as compared to 63.2%). These results are in accordance with patterns observed in wind-damaged Norway spruce stands of other areas in Poland and Europe and demonstrate the usefulness of forest management procedures in mitigating I. typographus outbreaks.
Variability of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) called Tabórz pine (Forest District Miłomłyn) expressed in analysis of morphology of needle traits and polymorphism of microsatellite DNA
Authors: Lesiczka Paulina , Pawlaczyk Ewa M. , Łabiszak Bartosz , Urbaniak Lech
Published: January 2018

Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) is one of the most widespread forest trees in the world, ranging from southern Mediterranean mountains to eastern Siberia. 30 trees of Scots pine from the Miłomłyn Forest District were analyzed in terms of 7 nuclear and 8 chloroplast microsatellite DNA loci as well as 7 morphological needle traits. Nuclear microsatellites (Simple Sequence Repeats) have proved to be useful in studying phylogeographic and gene flow patterns in conifers and are being used to infer the demographic history of tree species. A population’s genetic diversity, in fact, represents an important criterion which could be applied in planning future forest management and breeding. Additionally, many elements of Scots pine morphology, including needle traits, are subject to environmental modification. However, the adaptability of those traits remains, to some extent, under genetic control. The trees we investigated here are called Tabórz pine located in the northeast of Poland. This population is described as one of the best in Poland and even in Europe regarding bio mass production, ductility and wood quality. The aim of the study was to determine variation and genetic structure within this population. An analysis of phenotypic differentiation showed that the traits which differed the most between individuals were needle length, the number of serrations per 2 mm of needle length along the right edge and the number of stomatal rows on the convex side of the needles. In Tabórz pine, we detected 30 different genotypes with 87 alleles as well as 28 haplotypes with 30 alleles. We also revealed a slight excess of homozygotes, but the population is still in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The Scots pine population from Tabórz furthermore showed a higher level of genetic diversity compared to stands from other Polish and European regions. This diversity may be the main factor impacting on the population’s wood quality and its breeding value.
A prognosis for the impact of climate change on beech stand dynamics in the Polish and Ukrainian Roztoche region
Authors: Kozak Ihor , Typiak Barbara , Parpan Taras , Kozak Hanna
Published: January 2018

This study has been carried out in the Polish Roztoczański National Park and the Ukrainian Ravs’ke Roztochia Regional Landscape Park, both of which are part of the Roztoche region. In each of these two locations, representative study plots were established in beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) stands occupying sites with similar environmental conditions. A longterm prognosis for the dynamics of the chosen beech stands were generated using the computer model FORKOME. The model was used to forecast stand developments for four climatic scenarios (warm-humid, warm-dry, cold-humid, cold-dry) covering a time span of 500 years. Our simulation results indicate that in the control scenario, beech stands were dominating and cyclical changes between beech and Silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) may occur. In the scenarios with assumed climate warming, a decline of fir biomass and an increase of beech biomass, as compared to the control conditions, was noticed. In the scenario with assumed climate cooling, fir biomass increased for the duration of the investigated time span. To conclude, the application of the FORKOME model was found to be a useful tool for analyzing potential scenarios of long-term dynamics of beech stands in the Roztoche region in Poland and Ukraine.
The relationship between height and crown characteristics of four-year-old common birch (Betula pendula Roth)
Authors: Klepacki Adam
Published: January 2018

This paper presents the results of an analysis on characteristics of birch crowns (Betula pendula Roth) in relation to measures of the growth space occupied by a single tree at a young age. It also presents the relationships between the seedling height and certain crown characteristics. The study focused on four-year-old common birches growing in four different areas in the Elk Forest District in either fresh mixed coniferous or broadleaved forest. The measurements conducted on the chosen trees were used to calculate their crown characteristics such as crown diameter, length, height to the crown base, relative length and spread. They were also used to determine the growth characteristics of a single tree’s growth space, such as the crown area projected onto the ground, single tree space and the percentage use of unit area. Furthermore, fresh and dry leaf mass was determined. The birches growing in the fresh mixed coniferous forest reached an average height of 1.30 m, whereas in the fresh mixed broadleaved forest, the height of the trees was lower and amounted to 0.67 m. 95% of the trees had crown diameters of 0.57 m to 0.74 m in the fresh mixed coniferous forest, but only 0.19 m to 0.25 m in the fresh mixed broadleaved forest. The average lengths of the crowns in the fresh mixed coniferous and broadleaved forests amounted to 0.97 m and 0.37 m respectively. The author shows that there is a statistically significant correlation between the seedling height and the other examined characteristics. The best correlation was found between the height and the length of the crown (r = 0.9858) for birches growing in the fresh mixed coniferous forest and between the height and single tree space (r = 0.8468) for birches growing in the fresh mixed broadleaved forest.
Majorana algebras generated by a 2⁢A{2A} algebra and one further axis
Authors: Whybrow Madeleine L.
Published: January 2018

We consider Majorana algebras generated by three Majorana axes

a
0

{a_{0}}

,

a
1

{a_{1}}

and

a
2

{a_{2}}

such that

a
0

{a_{0}}

and

a
1

{a_{1}}

generate a dihedral algebra of type

2
⁢
A

{2A}

. We show that such an algebra must occur as a Majorana representation of one of 27 groups. These 27 groups coincide with the subgroups of the Monster that are generated by three

2
⁢
A

{2A}

-involutions a, b and c such that ab is also a

2
⁢
A

{2A}

-involution, which were classified by S. P. Norton in 1985. Our work relies on that of S. Decelle and consists of showing that certain groups do not admit Majorana representations.
Development of thermotolerant isolates of Beauveria bassiana (Bals.-Criv.) Vuill. with ethyl methanesulfonate
Authors: Wongwanich Yanisa , Cobelli Payorm , Boonchuay Duangkamon , Wangsomboondee Teerada
Published: January 2018

Beauveria bassianais an entomopathogenic fungus that is widely used in Thailand to control pest insects. However, the increasing temperature has influenced the insect control efficiency of the fungus. Therefore, determination of thermotolerant isolates ofB. bassianathat can grow and remain pathogenic at higher temperatures than its current optimum temperature may be a better way to control pest insects in a high temperature environment. Three isolates ofB. bassianaobtained from the Rice Department, Thailand were selected for mutagenesis using ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) with subsequent screening at high temperatures (33 and 35°C). In addition, the recovery of fungal growth after exposure to a high temperature for a period of time (5–15 days) and then transferring to 25°C was evaluated. No isolates were found that grew at 35°C but one mutant isolate (BCNT002MT) produced larger diameter colonies and more spores than the corresponding wild type (WT) at 33°C. Growth and spore production of the BCNT002MT isolate were greater than its WT when incubated at 25°C for 14 days following exposure to 33°C for 7 days. In addition, the spore germination level (%) of BCNT002MT was significantly higher than its WT during culture at 25°C after prior exposure to 33°C for 5, 10 and 15 days. The pathogenicity against the brown planthopper,Nilaparvata lugens(Stål), of this mutant isolate was also prominent.
Sustainable biofuel: A question of scale and aims
Authors: Ciervo Margherita , Schmitz Serge
Published: January 2018

Bio-energy (like other renewable energy sources) is proposed as a solution for climate change and other energy-related and economic issues. The predominant production model, however, which is based on first-generation biofuels developed on a global scale, creates ecological impacts throughout the production chain, resulting in a sustainability paradox, as well as social unrest and territorial conflict. Therefore, attention here is focussed on agro-energy and second-generation biofuels, investigating the structural differences, the advantages, the potential problems and the possible solutions of some local biofuel initiatives in North Western Europe. Finally, we propose a regional agrarian model to avoid the impacts and contradictions of the global industrial model, to produce a better ecological balance at both the local and the global levels, and to improve the democratic character of energy governance. In addition, we suggest a paradigmatic reading to better understand the cultural, political and socio-economic implications of the two models.
Multilingualism in literature: A socio-pragmatic reading of Leila Aboulela’s The Translator (1999) and Ahdaf Soueif’s The Map of Love (1999)
Authors: Hassan Dina
Published: January 2018

The turn of the twenty-first century has witnessed a growing preoccupation with multilingual texts across the world. Literary code-switching is becoming significantly valuable as it allows readers access to the trans-lingual and transcultural experiences of bilinguals in monolingual majority societies. More importantly, as the recent surge in the body of contact literature in general, and Anglo-Arab fiction in particular, has witnessed a major shift in its purpose, in this paper I argue that it is high time researchers made a similar shift in scholarly investigations of literary code-switching. The new texts are becoming less concerned with contesting the colonizer. Instead, contact literature is becoming increasingly focused on cross-cultural negotiations. Therefore, I attempt to explore the purposes of code-switching in Ahdaf Soueif’s The Map of Love (1999) and Leila Aboulela’s The Translator (2005), while re-evaluating its assumed direct link to asserting the author’s primary identity – a purpose that has been the focus of scholarly work tackling literary code-switching for decades. Two other main purposes are highlighted in this paper, namely: (i) changing attitudes towards multilingualism; and (ii) adding authenticity to the experiences delineated in a foreign language.
Electric field computation and measurements in the electroporation of inhomogeneous samples
Authors: Bernardis Alessia , Bullo Marco , Campana Luca Giovanni , Di Barba Paolo , Dughiero Fabrizio , Forzan Michele , Mognaschi Maria Evelina , Sgarbossa Paolo , Sieni Elisabetta
Published: January 2018

In clinical treatments of a class of tumors, e.g. skin tumors, the drug uptake of tumor tissue is helped by means of a pulsed electric field, which permeabilizes the cell membranes. This technique, which is called electroporation, exploits the conductivity of the tissues: however, the tumor tissue could be characterized by inhomogeneous areas, eventually causing a non-uniform distribution of current. In this paper, the authors propose a field model to predict the effect of tissue inhomogeneity, which can affect the current density distribution. In particular, finite-element simulations, considering non-linear conductivity against field relationship, are developed. Measurements on a set of samples subject to controlled inhomogeneity make it possible to assess the numerical model in view of identifying the equivalent resistance between pairs of electrodes.
Modelling of magnetostriction of transformer magnetic core for vibration analysis
Authors: Marks Janis , Vitolina Sandra
Published: January 2018

Magnetostriction is a phenomenon occurring in transformer core in normal operation mode. Yet in time, it can cause the delamination of magnetic core resulting in higher level of vibrations that are measured on the surface of transformer tank during diagnostic tests. The aim of this paper is to create a model for evaluating elastic deformations in magnetic core that can be used for power transformers with intensive vibrations in order to eliminate magnetostriction as a their cause. Description of the developed model in Matlab and COMSOL software is provided including restrictions concerning geometry and properties of materials, and the results of performed research on magnetic core anisotropy are provided. As a case study modelling of magnetostriction for 5-legged 200 MVA power transformer with the rated voltage of 13.8/137kV is conducted, based on which comparative analysis of vibration levels and elastic deformations is performed.
Modelling axial vibration in windings of power transformers
Authors: Witczak Pawel , Swiatkowski Michal
Published: January 2018

This paper describes the method of homogenization of material properties applied to windings used in power transformers. Exemplary results of natural modes of vibrations obtained by means of finite elements method are also included.