bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enantioselective Formal C−H Conjugate Addition of Acetanilides to β‐Substituted Acrylates by Chiral Iridium Catalysts
Authors: Shibata Takanori , Michino Masamichi , Kurita Hisaki , Tahara Yu‐ki , Kanyiva Kyalo Stephen
Published: October 2016

The Ir‐catalyzed enantioselective reaction of substituted acetanilides with β‐substituted α,β‐unsaturated esters provided chiral 3,3‐disubstituted propanoates in high yield with good‐to‐excellent enantiomeric excess (up to 99 % ee). This transformation, initiated by sp2 C−H bond activation, is the first example of enantioselective formal C−H conjugate addition to β‐substituted α,β‐unsaturated carbonyl compounds. The starting materials are commercially available and/or readily accessible.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Solvothermal Synthesis of Ordered Intermetallic Pt2In3 as Stable and Efficient Electrocatalyst Towards Direct Alcohol Fuel Cell Application.
Authors: Jana Rajkumar , Peter Sebastian C.
Published: October 2016

Pt2In3 nanoparticles are prepared by solvothermal reaction of K2PtCl4 and InCl3·xH2O in tetraethylene glycol (autoclave, 220 °C, 24 h).
ChemInform Abstract: K3B3O4 (OH)4·2H2O: A UV Nonlinear Optical Crystal with Isolated [B3O4(OH)4]3‐ Anion Groups.
Authors: Liu Qiong , Zhang Xiangyu , Yang Zhihua , Zhang Fangfang , Liu Lili , Han Jian , Li Zhi , Pan Shilie
Published: October 2016

Single crystals of the title compound are hydrothermally synthesized from an aqueous mixture of H3BO3, Rb2CO3, and KOH (autoclave, 200 °C, 72 h, 36% yield).
ChemInform Abstract: Tellurites of Hexavalent Uranium: First Observation of Polymerized (UO4)2‐ Tetraoxido Cores.
Authors: Zadoya Anastasiya I. , Siidra Oleg I. , Bubnova Rimma S. , Nazarchuk Evgeny V. , Bocharov Sergey N.
Published: October 2016

Compounds (IV) and (VI) are characterized by powder and single crystal XRD.
ChemInform Abstract: High‐Pressure/High‐Temperature Synthesis and Characterization of the First Palladium or Platinum Containing Lithium Transition‐Metal Sulfides Li2M3S4 (M: Pd, Pt).
Authors: Heymann Gunter , Niehaus Oliver , Krueger Hannes , Selter Philipp , Brunklaus Gunther , Poettgen Rainer
Published: October 2016

The title compounds are obtained via hot pressing of stoichiometric amounts of Li3N, Pd or Pt, and sulfur (multianvil press, 8 GPa, 1150 °C, 10 min; cooling to 500 °C within 2 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Synthesis of Chiral α,β‐Unsaturated γ‐Substituted Butyrolactams by Organocatalyzed Direct Asymmetric Vinylogous Michael Addition of α,β‐Unsaturated γ‐Butyrolactam to 2‐Enoylpyridines.
Authors: Wang Zhen‐Hua , Wu Zhi‐Jun , Yue Deng‐Feng , You Yong , Xu Xiao‐Ying , Zhang Xiao‐Mei , Yuan Wei‐Cheng
Published: October 2016

The products are formed with excellent diastereo and enantioselectivities.
ChemInform Abstract: Scalable Procedure for the Fragmentation of Hydroperoxides Mediated by Copper and Iron Tetrafluoroborate Salts.
Authors: Huang David , Schuppe Alexander W. , Liang Michael Z. , Newhouse Timothy R.
Published: October 2016

A formal elimination of propene from isopropylidene‐containing compounds is achieved under homogeneous conditions by ozonolytic conversion to methoxy hydroperoxides, which undergo fragmentation.
ChemInform Abstract: Selective Exploitation of Acetoacetate Carbonyl Groups Using Imidazolium Based Ionic Liquids: Synthesis of 3‐Oxo‐amides and Substituted Benzimidazoles.
Authors: Chakraborty Ankita , Majumdar Swapan , Maiti Dilip K.
Published: October 2016

Ionic liquid catalyzed reactions of o‐phenylenediamines with β‐ketoesters and amides provide benzimidazole derivatives.
ChemInform Abstract: Cobalt‐Catalyzed Enantioselective Vinylation of Activated Ketones and Imines.
Authors: Huang Yuan , Huang Rui‐Zhi , Zhao Yu
Published: October 2016

The unprecedented vinylation of α‐ketoesters, isatins and cyclic imines affords a wide range of allylic alcohols and amines in high enantiopurity.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Two‐Step Microwave‐Assisted Synthesis of Alkylidene Acetoacetamido Esters, Useful Intermediates for β‐Dehydropeptides.
Authors: Viola Angelo , Ferrazzano Lucia , Greco Roberto , Cerisoli Lucia , Caldi Jonathan , Tolomelli Alessandra
Published: October 2016

A one‐pot two‐step protocol for the preparation of amino‐acid‐derived unsaturated acetoacetamides is optimized.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Intermolecular C—H Functionalization of Allylic and Benzylic sp3 C—H Bonds Using N‐Sulfonyl‐1,2,3‐triazoles.
Authors: Kubiak Robert W. , Mighion Jeffrey D. , Wilkerson‐Hill Sidney M. , Alford Joshua S. , Yoshidomi Tetsushi , Davies Huw M. L.
Published: October 2016

The products are often formed with high enantiomeric excess.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Organocatalytic Stepwise [2 + 2] Entry to Tetra‐Substituted Heterodimeric and Homochiral Cyclobutanes.
Authors: Nielsen Alex J. , Jenkins Hilary A. , McNulty James
Published: October 2016

Two reactants, both derived from cinnamic acids, are subjected to the optimized conditions to produce highly substituted head‐to‐tail coupled dimeric cyclobutane structures such as (III) bearing an aldehyde function.
ChemInform Abstract: Acid‐Promoted Transformations of Aryl Substituted Diphenylphosphoryl Allenes.
Authors: Lozovskiy Stanislav V. , Bogachenkov Alexander S. , Dogadina Albina V. , Vasilyev Aleksander V.
Published: October 2016

In the reaction of phosphoryl allene (Id) the formation of oligomers is observed.
ChemInform Abstract: Aminofluorination of Cyclopropanes: A Multifold Approach Through a Common, Catalytically Generated Intermediate.
Authors: Pitts Cody Ross , Ling Bill , Snyder Joshua A. , Bragg Arthur E. , Lectka Thomas
Published: October 2016

A simple protocol is presented for the highly regioselective photochemical aminofluorination of cyclopropanes with N‐F reagents.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of α,β‐Unsaturated Ketones from Alkynes and Aldehydes over Hβ Zeolite under Solvent‐Free Conditions
Authors: Mameda Naresh , Peraka Swamy , Kodumuri Srujana , Chevella Durgaiah , Banothu Rammurthy , Amrutham Vasu , Nama Narender
Published: October 2016

via tandem hydration/condensation reactions
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Vinyl Carboxylic Acids Using Carbon Dioxide as a Carbon Source by Iron‐Catalyzed Hydromagnesiation.
Authors: Santhoshkumar Rajagopal , Hong Ya‐Chun , Luo Ching‐Zong , Wu Yun‐Ching , Hung Chen‐Hsun , Hwang Kuen‐Yuan , Tu An‐Pang , Cheng Chien‐Hong
Published: October 2016

The process is found to form the desired carboxylic acids with complete (E) selectivity except for substrate (XV), where an E/Z mixture is identified.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Ligand‐Controlled Regioselective Pd‐Catalyzed Aminocarbonylation of Styrenes with Aminophenols.
Authors: Xu Tongyu , Sha Feng , Alper Howard
Published: October 2016

Different reaction conditions allow the regio‐ and chemoselective reaction of styrenes with para‐, meta, and ortho‐aminophenols and carbon monoxide to give a wide variety of amides.
ChemInform Abstract: Fe3O4‐Nanoparticles Catalyzed an Efficient Synthesis of Nitriles from Aldehydes.
Authors: Ghosh Pranab , Saha Bittu , Pariyar Gyan Chandra , Tamang Abiral , Subba Raju
Published: October 2016

The reaction tolerates a diverse range of functionalized aryl aldehydes and is applicable to alkenyl as well as alkyl aldehydes.
ChemInform Abstract: Selective Metal‐Free Deoxygenation of Unsymmetrical 1,2‐Dicarbonyl Compounds by Chlorotrimethylsilane and Sodium Iodide.
Authors: Yuan Ling‐Zhi , Renko Dolor , Khelifi Ilhem , Provot Olivier , Brion Jean‐Daniel , Hamze Abdallah , Alami Mouad
Published: October 2016

The reaction generally proceeds with excellent α‐selectivity at the carbonyl group proximal to the more electron‐rich aromatic ring.
ChemInform Abstract: Access to Densely Functionalized Naphthalenes by Organobase Catalyzed Domino Reaction of 2‐(2‐Formylaryl)acetophenones with Nitroolefins.
Authors: Dagar Anuradha , Biswas Soumen , Mobin Shaikh M. , Samanta Sampak
Published: October 2016

An one‐pot DABCO‐catalyzed domino Michael—Henry reaction of 2‐(2‐formylaryl)acetophenones with nitrostyrenes is developed to afford tri‐ and penta‐substituted naphthalenes.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Direct Vinylogous Aldol‐Cyclization Cascade Reaction Between β,γ‐Unsaturated Amides and o‐Quinones.
Authors: Jiang Yu , Fu Jun‐Hao , Li Tian‐Ze , Sha Feng , Wu Xin‐Yan
Published: October 2016

The method offers a highly enantioselective access to novel spirocyclic dihydropyranone derivatives.
ChemInform Abstract: A Light‐Induced Vinylogous Nazarov‐Type Cyclization.
Authors: Pusch Stefan , Schollmeyer Dieter , Opatz Till
Published: October 2016

The title reaction is incorporated in a three‐step cascade transformation providing novel tetracyclic ring structures containing a seven‐membered ring.
ChemInform Abstract: Facile Synthesis of Bis‐thiosemicarbazone Derivatives as Key Precursors for the Preparation of Functionalized Bis‐thiazoles.
Authors: Arafa Wael A. A. , Badry Mohamed G.
Published: October 2016

Novel bis‐thiosemicarbazones are prepared by ultrasound or conventional methods.
ChemInform Abstract: A Metal‐Free Synthesis of 2‐Aminobenzothiazoles Through Aminyl Radical Addition to Aryl Isothiocyanates.
Authors: He Yimiao , Li Jing , Luo Shuang , Huang Jinbo , Zhu Qiang
Published: October 2016

The product formation is based on the reaction between aryl isocyanides and various secondary or tertiary amino or α‐amino acid‐derived formamides.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Cycloalkano[b]pyridines by Multicomponent Strategy: Ring‐Size Mediated Product Selectivity, Substitution‐Induced Axial Chirality and Influence of the 14N Quadrupole‐Relaxation.
Authors: Maharani Seeni , Almansour Abdulrahman I. , Kumar Raju Suresh , Arumugam Natarajan , Kumar Raju Ranjith
Published: October 2016

Equimolar amounts of cyclooctanone, malononitrile, alkyl amines and aromatic aldehydes react under conditions A) to afford unprecedented fused pyridine systems.
ChemInform Abstract: Organocascade Synthesis of Annulated (Z)‐2‐Methylenepyrans: Nucleophilic Conjugate Addition of Hydroxycoumarins and Pyranone to Branched Nitro Enynes via Allene Formation/Oxa‐Michael Cyclization/Alkene Isomerization Sequence.
Authors: Gurubrahamam Ramani , Gao Bing‐Fong , Chen Yan ming , Chan Yu‐Te , Tsai Ming‐Kang , Chen Kwunmin
Published: October 2016

The title synthesis succeeds in high yields, with high diastereoselectivities and excellent enantioselectivities.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Synthesis of 5‐Substituted‐3‐pyridazine Carbonitrile via Regioselective Reissert‐Type Reaction.
Authors: Wang Shengqiang , Geng Zhiyue , Guo Ruiyun , Li Jingya , Zou Dapeng , Wu Yangjie , Wu Yusheng
Published: October 2016

The regioselectivity of the Reissert‐type reaction of 4‐substituted pyridazine (I) is strongly effected by steric effects as well as the electronic characteristics of the substituents.
ChemInform Abstract: Substitution Chemistry of 3,5‐Dichloro‐4H‐1,2,6‐thiadiazine 4,4‐Ketals.
Authors: Kalogirou Andreas S. , Koutentis Panayiotis A.
Published: October 2016

The mono‐ and disubstitution of substrate (I) is achieved using O‐ and N‐nucleophiles or tributylstannanes.
ChemInform Abstract: Construction of Azabicyclo[6.4.0]dodecatrienes Based on Rhodium(I)‐Catalyzed Intramolecular [6 + 2] Cycloaddition Between Azetidine, Allene, and Alkynes.
Authors: Yasuda Shigeo , Yokosawa Haruna , Mukai Chisato
Published: October 2016

The procedure is applicable to oxa‐analogues of the title products.
ChemInform Abstract: Polycyclic Bridgehead Acetals with Enol Functionality: One‐Pot Assembly from Aliphatic Ketones and Acetylene in KOH/DMSO Suspension.
Authors: Schmidt Elena Yu. , Bidusenko Ivan A. , Cherimichkina Natalia A. , Ushakov Igor A. , Trofimov Boris A.
Published: October 2016

Aliphatic and alicyclic ketones react with acetylene gas under conditions A) or B) to produce the required oxygen heterocycles in one pot.
ChemInform Abstract: Geometry Matters: Inverse Cytotoxic Relationship for cis/trans‐Ru(II) Polypyridyl Complexes from cis/trans‐[PtCl2(NH3)2].
Authors: Wachter Erin , Zamora Ana , Heidary David K. , Ruiz Jose , Glazer Edith C.
Published: October 2016

Two thermally activated ruthenium(II) polypyridyl complexes, cis‐Ru(bpy)2Cl2 and trans‐Ru(qpy)Cl2 are synthesized and investigated to determine the impact of the geometric arrangement of the exchangeable ligands on the potential of the compounds to act as chemotherapeutics.
ChemInform Abstract: Furan‐2‐carboxylic Acids from the Leaves of Nicotiana tabacum and Their anti‐Tobacco Mosaic Virus Activities.
Authors: Xia Jian‐Jun , et al.
Published: October 2016

Three novel furan‐2‐carboxylic acid derivatives are isolated from the leaves of Nicotiana tabacum together with two known compounds.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Developments in the Chemistry of Bicyclic 6‐6 Systems: Chemistry of Pyrido[1,2‐c]pyrimidines
Authors: Elattar Khaled M. , Rabie Ramy , Hammouda Mohamed M.
Published: October 2016

Review: [49 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemoselective Photooxygenations of Furans Bearing Unprotected Amines: Their Use in Alkaloid Synthesis
Authors: Montagnon T. , Kalaitzakis D. , Sofiadis M. , Vassilikogiannakis G.
Published: October 2016

Review: 25 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Learning Lessons from Directed Evolution of Stereoselective Enzymes
Authors: Li Guangyue , Reetz Manfred T.
Published: October 2016

Review: [30 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Progress in Rhodium‐Catalyzed Hydroaminomethylation
Authors: Chen Caiyou , Dong Xiu‐Qin , Zhang Xumu
Published: October 2016

Review: [52 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Hydrazones as Singular Reagents in Asymmetric Organocatalysis
Authors: de Gracia Retamosa Maria , Matador Esteban , Monge David , Lassaletta Jose M. , Fernandez Rosario
Published: October 2016

Review: [55 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Bowl‐Shaped Conjugated Polycycles
Authors: Hou Xue‐Qing , Sun Yan‐Tao , Liu Lei , Wang Shi‐Tao , Geng Rui‐Li , Shao Xiang‐Feng
Published: October 2016

Review: [53 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Reactions in Ultra‐Small Droplets by Tip‐Assisted Chemistry
Authors: Guardingo M. , Busque F. , Ruiz‐Molina D.
Published: October 2016

Review: 170 refs.
Divergent responses of β‐diversity among organism groups to a strong environmental gradient
Authors: Jonsson Micael , Snäll Tord , Asplund Johan , Clemmensen Karina E. , Dahlberg Anders , Kumordzi Bright B. , Lindahl Björn D. , Oksanen Jari , Wardle David A.
Published: October 2016

A limited understanding of how variation in the species composition among communities (i.e., β‐diversity) changes along natural environmental gradients, and the mechanisms responsible, inhibits our ability to understand large‐scale biodiversity change resulting from either natural or anthropogenic drivers. Therefore, our aim was to test key drivers of β‐diversity patterns along a strong, natural environmental gradient for seven widely different organisms groups, that is, root‐associated fungi, litter fungi, soil nematodes, vascular plants, epiphytic lichens, beetles, and spiders. Using previously published community‐level data from boreal‐forested islands, we calculated α‐diversity and β‐diversity for each of the seven organism groups. Out of several available environmental variables, we identified four variables, that is, ecosystem age, total C storage, net primary productivity (NPP), and N‐to‐P ratio, as potential predictors of variation in β‐diversity. We found that ecosystem age was the variable with the highest overall importance. We then used two different methods to quantify the relative importance of stochastic and deterministic processes underlying patterns in β‐diversity along the ecosystem age gradient, and our detailed knowledge based on prior data collection in the study system to mechanistically explain among‐group differences in these patterns. We found divergent responses in β‐diversity along the age gradient for the seven different organism groups, due to among‐group differences in the relative importance of deterministic vs. stochastic community assembly, and attributed these results to reliance on resources from different energy channels that are not always related to NPP. Our results highlight the necessity to consider the importance of taxon‐specific resources, and not only NPP, to obtain an understanding of β‐diversity patterns among organism groups and ecosystems, as well as large‐scale patterns in biodiversity. They therefore also suggest that management and protection of β‐biodiversity in the landscape requires explicit consideration of a wide range of habitats.
Cu‐Mediated Trifluoromethylation of Aromatic α‐Diazo Esters with the Yagupolskii–Umemoto Reagent
Authors: Hu Xiao‐Qian , Han Jia‐Bin , Zhang Cheng‐Pan
Published: October 2016

Reductive trifluoromethylation of aromatic α‐diazo esters at room temperature with the Yagupolskii–Umemoto reagent {[Ph2SCF3][OTf]; (2a)} in DMF in the presence of excess CuCl gave a variety of α‐trifluoromethyl arylacetates in up to 93 % yield. The prior reaction of 2a with CuCl before the addition of the α‐diazo esters was imperative for the conversion. This initial reaction might pregenerate the key [CuICF3] intermediate, according to the results of our control experiments. When the long‐chain perfluoroalkyl diphenylsulfonium triflates 2b–2e were used instead of 2a, the reaction of an aromatic α‐diazo ester under the same conditions followed by treatment with NaHCO3 gave a series of fluorinated α,β‐unsaturated esters in good yields. This protocol gives a facile, convenient, and practical access to α‐trifluoromethyl arylacetates and their analogues, implying that the “+Rfn” reagents are compatible with α‐diazo esters in the presence of an appropriate reductant.
Protection of the 2′‐Hydroxy Function of Ribonucleosides as an Iminooxymethyl Propanoate and Its 2′‐O‐Deprotection through an Intramolecular Decarboxylative Elimination Process
Authors: Cieślak Jacek , Grajkowski Andrzej , Ausín Cristina , Beaucage Serge L.
Published: October 2016

The design and implementation of 2′‐hydroxy protecting groups for ribonucleosides is still a daunting challenge to overcome when assembling RNA (ribonucleic acid) sequences for therapeutic applications. The reaction of 2′‐O‐aminooxymethylribonucleosides with ethyl pyruvate results in the formation of 2′‐O‐iminooxymethyl ethyl propanoates. The cleavage of this type of 2′‐O‐protecting groups is demonstrated through saponification of the esters to 2′‐O‐iminooxymethyl propanoate salts, which, when needed, decarboxylate quantitatively at 55 °C in the presence of tetra‐n‐butylammonium fluoride or chloride in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) to produce all four native ribonucleosides.
Price Changes in Regulated Healthcare Markets: Do Public Hospitals Respond and How?
Authors: Verzulli Rossella , Fiorentini Gianluca , Lippi Bruni Matteo , Ugolini Cristina
Published: October 2016

This paper examines the behaviour of public hospitals in response to the average payment incentives created by price changes for patients classified in different diagnosis‐related groups (DRGs). Using panel data on public hospitals located within the Italian region of Emilia‐Romagna, we test whether a 1‐year increase in DRG prices induced public hospitals to increase their volume of activity and whether a potential response is associated with changes in waiting times and/or length of stay. We find that public hospitals reacted to the policy change by increasing the number of patients with surgical treatments. This effect was smaller in the 2 years after the policy change than in later years, and for providers with a lower excess capacity in the pre‐policy period, whereas it did not vary significantly across hospitals according to their degree of financial and administrative autonomy. For patients with medical DRGs, instead, there appeared to be no effect on inpatient volumes. Our estimates also suggest that an increase in DRG prices had no impact on the proportion of patients waiting more than 6 months. Finally, we find no evidence of a significant effect on patients' average length of stay. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Using polarizable POSSIM force field and fuzzy‐border continuum solvent model to calculate pKa shifts of protein residues
Authors: Sharma Ity , Kaminski George A.
Published: October 2016

Our Fuzzy‐Border (FB) continuum solvent model has been extended and modified to produce hydration parameters for small molecules using POlarizable Simulations Second‐order Interaction Model (POSSIM) framework with an average error of 0.136 kcal/mol. It was then used to compute pKa shifts for carboxylic and basic residues of the turkey ovomucoid third domain (OMTKY3) protein. The average unsigned errors in the acid and base pKa values were 0.37 and 0.4 pH units, respectively, versus 0.58 and 0.7 pH units as calculated with a previous version of polarizable protein force field and Poisson Boltzmann continuum solvent. This POSSIM/FB result is produced with explicit refitting of the hydration parameters to the pKa values of the carboxylic and basic residues of the OMTKY3 protein; thus, the values of the acidity constants can be viewed as additional fitting target data. In addition to calculating pKa shifts for the OMTKY3 residues, we have studied aspartic acid residues of Rnase Sa. This was done without any further refitting of the parameters and agreement with the experimental pKa values is within an average unsigned error of 0.65 pH units. This result included the Asp79 residue that is buried and thus has a high experimental pKa value of 7.37 units. Thus, the presented model is capable or reproducing pKa results for residues in an environment that is significantly different from the solvated protein surface used in the fitting. Therefore, the POSSIM force field and the FB continuum solvent parameters have been demonstrated to be sufficiently robust and transferable. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Reconstructing the confluence zone between Laurentide and Cordilleran ice sheets along the Rocky Mountain Foothills, south‐west Alberta
Authors: Utting Daniel J. , Atkinson Nigel , Pawley Steven , Livingstone Stephen J.
Published: October 2016

Landform mapping near the Athabasca valley was fundamental to determining whether the Late Wisconsinan Laurentide and Cordilleran Ice Sheets (LIS, CIS) coalesced. In this paper we examine the detailed landform record using new LiDAR digital elevation and hillshade models of the area of confluence and eventual desuturing of these ice sheets. This work reveals an earlier more extensive Cordilleran advance before coalescence with the LIS. When the ice sheets coalesced, the flow pattern was dominated by ice flow along the mountain front, with Cordilleran ice flowing out of major trunk valleys but Laurentide ice flowing into the Foothills up smaller valleys. This flow pattern implies that when the ice sheets coalesced the CIS was already waning, or at least was not at its maximum. Deglaciation was interrupted by several re‐advances, probably related to the destabilizing effect of proglacial lakes along the ice margin.
Indirect Solid Freeform Fabrication of an Initiator‐Free Photocrosslinkable Hydrogel Precursor for the Creation of Porous Scaffolds
Authors: Houben Annemie , Pien Nele , Lu Xi , Bisi Francesca , Van Hoorick Jasper , Boone Matthieu N. , Roose Patrice , Van den Bergen Hugues , Bontinck Dirk , Bowden Tim , Dubruel Peter , Van Vlierberghe Sandra
Published: October 2016

In the present work, a photopolymerized urethane‐based poly(ethylene glycol) hydrogel is applied as a porous scaffold material using indirect solid freeform fabrication (SFF). This approach combines the benefits of SFF with a large freedom in material selection and applicable concentration ranges. A sacrificial 3D poly(ε‐caprolactone) structure is generated using fused deposition modeling and used as template to produce hydrogel scaffolds. By changing the template plotting parameters, the scaffold channel sizes vary from 280 to 360 μm, and the strut diameters from 340 to 400 μm. This enables the production of scaffolds with tunable mechanical properties, characterized by an average hardness ranging from 9 to 43 N and from 1 to 6 N for dry and hydrated scaffolds, respectively. Experiments using mouse calvaria preosteoblasts indicate that a gelatin methacrylamide coating of the scaffolds results in an increased cell adhesion and proliferation with improved cell morphology.

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Hepatic function imaging using dynamic Gd‐EOB‐DTPA enhanced MRI and pharmacokinetic modeling
Authors: Ning Jia , Yang Zhiying , Xie Sheng , Sun Yongliang , Yuan Chun , Chen Huijun
Published: October 2016

Purpose

To determine whether pharmacokinetic modeling parameters with different output assumptions of dynamic contrast–enhanced MRI (DCE‐MRI) using Gd‐EOB‐DTPA correlate with serum‐based liver function tests, and compare the goodness of fit of the different output assumptions.

Methods

A 6‐min DCE‐MRI protocol was performed in 38 patients. Four dual‐input two‐compartment models with different output assumptions and a published one‐compartment model were used to calculate hepatic function parameters. The Akaike information criterion fitting error was used to evaluate the goodness of fit. Imaging‐based hepatic function parameters were compared with blood chemistry using correlation with multiple comparison correction.

Results

The dual‐input two‐compartment model assuming venous flow equals arterial flow plus portal venous flow and no bile duct output better described the liver tissue enhancement with low fitting error and high correlation with blood chemistry. The relative uptake rate
derived from this model was found to be significantly correlated with direct bilirubin (r = −0.52, P = 0.015), prealbumin concentration (r = 0.58, P = 0.015), and prothrombin time (r = −0.51, P = 0.026).

Conclusion

It is feasible to evaluate hepatic function by proper output assumptions. The relative uptake rate has the potential to serve as a biomarker of function. Magn Reson Med 78:1488–1495, 2017. © 2016 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
Methotrexate hypersensitivity reactions in pediatrics: Evaluation and management
Authors: Dilley Meredith A. , Lee Joyce P. , Broyles Ana Dioun
Published: October 2016

Reports of hypersensitivity reactions (HSRs) to MTX are limited to single case studies. We retrospectively reviewed HSRs to MTX during a 12‐year period in our tertiary care pediatric center. Seven patients were evaluated for HSRs to MTX. Skin testing was positive in one of the four patients tested. One patient underwent successful graded challenge to MTX. Seventeen desensitizations to MTX were successfully performed in the other six patients. Skin testing, graded challenge, and desensitization were safe and effective procedures in the evaluation and management of patients with HSRs to MTX in our pediatric population.
If we can't have it, then no one should: Shutting Down Versus Selling in Family Business Portfolios
Authors: Akhter Naveed , Sieger Philipp , Chirico Francesco
Published: October 2016

Research summary

How does a business family manage its business portfolio in times of declining performance to sustain the portfolio's long‐term endurance? Drawing on social identity theory and six family business portfolios from Pakistan, we find that business families may prefer to shut down a satellite business rather than sell it, which is primarily driven by identity considerations. In addition, the family's goal to recycle the assets, the aim to restart the business later, and the increasing decline in performance are important contingency factors. This study contributes to the literature on portfolio entrepreneurship, business exit, and the enduring entrepreneurship of family firms.

Managerial summary

Family business managers and practitioners can benefit from our work, which provides evidence of how family firm portfolios can respond to business decline and ensure enduring entrepreneurship. Shutting down a satellite firm instead of selling it is a promising turnaround strategy that can prevent a family's identity loss while supporting the family business portfolio's continuity. Copyright © 2016 Strategic Management Society.
It isn't all just fun and games: Collegiate participation in extracurricular activities and risk for generalized and sexual harassment, psychological distress, and alcohol use
Authors: McGinley Meredith , Rospenda Kathleen M. , Liu Li , Richman Judith A.
Published: October 2016

Collegiate extracurricular activities, despite their benefits, may place students at an increased risk for experiencing harassment. This study utilizes multiple waves of data from an online longitudinal survey to examine how participation in college activities (intramural sports, fraternities/sororities, school clubs) relates to experiences of sexual and generalized harassment and outcomes (psychological distress, heavy alcohol use) among undergraduates (N = 1852, 58.6% female, 57.4% White) in the Midwestern United States. Activity participation was related to harassment, but the pattern depended on the activity, harassment type, and sex. Fraternity/sorority involvement was associated with generalized harassment, whereas school club involvement was linked to both generalized and sexual harassment. Female intramural athletes were at an increased risk to experience both harassment types. In addition to direct relations, activity participation was indirectly linked to future psychological distress (depression, anxiety) and heavy alcohol use via harassment. Implications for intervention with this college student population are discussed.
Anatomical dilatation of the superior vena cava associated with an arrhythmogenic response induced by SVC scan pacing after atrial fibrillation ablation
Authors: Imada Hiroshi , Fukuzawa Koji , Kiuchi Kunihiko , Matsumoto Akinori , Konishi Hiroki , Ichibori Hirotoshi , Hyogo Kiyohiro , Kurose Jun , Mori Shumpei , Takaya Tomofumi , Nishii Tatsuya , Kagawa Kiyosumi , Yoshida Akihiro , Ken‐ichi Hirata
Published: October 2016

Background

The relationship between pulmonary vein (PV) arrhythmogenicity and its anatomy has been reported. However, that of the superior vena cava (SVC) has not been well discussed. Arrhythmogenic response induced by pacing stimulation at SVC might help with identifying SVC arrhythmogenicity. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the anatomical dilatation of SVC and the arrhythmogenic response induced by pacing at SVC.

Methods

Forty‐three patients who underwent atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation were enrolled in this study. After PV isolation, scan pacing (up to triple extra stimulation following intrinsic sinus beats) was performed at SVC. The arrhythmogenic response was defined as following: (1) repetitive atrial responses, (2) non‐sustained, and (3) sustained AF/ atrial tachycardia. To assess the dilatation of SVC, we measured the cross‐sectional area of the SVC (SVC‐area) using multi‐planar reconstruction CT imaging.

Results

Arrhythmogenic responses were documented in 24 patients (Group 1). No arrhythmogenic responses were documented in the remaining 19 patients (Group 2). The SVC‐area was significantly larger in Group 1 than Group 2 (3.1±0.9 vs. 2.2±0.8 cm2, P=0.004). A multivariate analysis revealed only SVC‐area was associated with arrhythmogenic responses (odds ratio=2.87, CI 1.05–7.82, P=0.04). Furthermore, AF recurrence rate was significantly higher in patients with SVC‐area>2.56 cm2 than those with SVC‐area <2.56 cm2 (9 [42.9%] of 21 vs. 3 [13.6%] of 22, P=0.026).

Conclusion

Dilatation of SVC was associated with an arrhythmogenic response, and the AF recurrence rate was significantly higher in patients with large SVC‐area. Adjunctive catheter intervention for the SVC might be indicated in patients with a dilated SVC and an arrhythmogenic response.
A Novel Percutaneous Screw Fixation of Postero-lateral Tibial Plateau Fracture using Posterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Femoral Template: Technical Note
Authors: Kun Chan Angus Chao , Hin Chan Alexander Pak , Wah Hung Yuk , Kwong Lo Chun , Ho Fan Jason Chi
Published: October 2016

Percutaneous fixation method has been applied in Schatzker type III joint depressed-type lateral tibial plateau fracture. We report a 76-year-old man suffering from a small joint depressed-type posterolateral tibial plateau fracture with surgical reduction and fixation with a novel guidance of posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) reconstruction femoral template under X-ray and arthroscopic assistance. The concept of sequential tunnel drilling in ligament reconstruction has been applied in bone impaction tunnel creation beneath the articular step with the PCL jig. Avoidance of multiple bone guide pin drilling and accurate guide pin insertion and hence screw fixation was also achieved by use of the PCL template. As illustrated, we believe that the PCL jig is a good armamentarium and adjunct equipment to achieve a more precise minimally invasive operation in special anatomical positions such as the postero-lateral tibial plateau under careful surgical planning.
Effect of expectation on pain assessment of lower- and higher-intensity stimuli
Authors: Ružić Valentina , Ivanec Dragutin , Stanke Koraljka Modić
Published: October 2016

Background and aims

Pain modulation via expectation is a well-documented phenomenon. So far it has been shown that expectations about effectiveness of a certain treatment enhance the effectiveness of different analgesics and of drug-free pain treatments. Also, studies demonstrate that people assess same-intensity stimuli differently, depending on the experimentally induced expectations regarding the characteristics of the stimuli. Prolonged effect of expectation on pain perception and possible symmetry in conditions of lower- and higher-intensity stimuli is yet to be studied. Aim of this study is to determine the effect of expectation on the perception of pain experimentally induced by the series of higher- and lower-intensity stimuli.

Methods

192 healthy participants were assigned to four experimental groups differing by expectations regarding the intensity of painful stimuli series. Expectations of two groups were congruent with actual stimuli; one group expected and received lower-intensity stimuli and the other expected and received higher-intensity stimuli. Expectations of the remaining two groups were not congruent with actual stimuli; one group expected higher-intensity stimuli, but actually received lower-intensity stimuli while the other group expected lower-intensity stimuli, but in fact received higher-intensity ones. Each group received a series of 24 varied-intensity electrical stimuli rated by the participants on a 30° intensity scale.

Results

Expectation manipulation had statistically significant effect on pain intensity assessment. When expecting lower-intensity stimuli, the participants underestimated pain intensity and when expecting higher-intensity stimuli, they overestimated pain intensity. The effect size of expectations upon pain intensity assessment was equal for both lower- and higher-intensity stimuli.

Conclusion

The obtained results imply that expectation manipulation can achieve the desired effect of decreasing or increasing both slight and more severe pain for a longer period of time. Manipulation via expectation before the stimuli series was proven to be effective for pain modulation in the entire series of stimuli which lasted around 10 min. The results suggest a potential benefit of manipulating expectations to alleviate emerging pain, since the obtained effects are moderate to large.

Implications

It seems that expectation effect is strong enough to “overcome” even the direct effect of stimulus intensity (at least in the low to moderate intensity range), which suggests potential benefits of verbal instructions even in rather painful stimuli.
FURTHER EVIDENCE FOR A “LATE ASSYRIAN DRY PHASE” IN THE NEAR EAST DURING THE MID-TO-LATE SEVENTH CENTURY B.C.?
Authors: Schneider Adam W. , Adalı Selim F.
Published: October 2016

In a recent paper published in the journal Climatic Change, we put forward the hypothesis that drought and overpopulation played an important, if indirect, role in shaping the sudden decline of the Assyrian Empire during the mid-to-late seventh century b.c. This argument was partly predicated on five paleoclimatic proxy records for conditions in different parts of the northern Near East during the first millennium b.c., each of which indicates that relatively arid conditions affected much of the region during the seventh century b.c., especially during its middle decades. Here, we revisit the textual and paleoclimatic proxy evidence for a period of drought in more depth to examine whether this evidence does in fact support the climatic component of our hypothesis. In this paper, we show that the available proxy evidence supports the notion that there was some kind of regional climatic perturbation that affected much of the Near East during the latter half of the seventh century b.c., which caused conditions in many parts of the region to become more arid. The strongest signal for this short-term episode of aridification, which we have termed the “Late Assyrian Dry Phase,” is observed at approximately 650–600 b.c. These proxies thus corroborate and provide the background for the Neo-Assyrian textual evidence for drought during the mid-seventh century b.c.
Age-related variability in the presentation of symptoms of major depressive disorder
Authors: Schaakxs R. , Comijs H. C. , Lamers F. , Beekman A. T. F. , Penninx B. W. J. H.
Published: October 2016

Background

The heterogeneous aetiology of major depressive disorder (MDD) might affect the presentation of depressive symptoms across the lifespan. We examined to what extent a range of mood, cognitive, and somatic/vegetative depressive symptoms were differentially present depending on patient's age.

Method

Data came from 1404 participants with current MDD (aged 18–88 years) from two cohort studies: the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety (NESDA) and the Netherlands Study of Depression in Older Persons (NESDO). Associations between age (per 10 years) and 30 depressive symptoms as well as three symptom clusters (mood, cognitive, somatic/vegetative) were assessed using logistic and linear regression analyses.

Results

Depression severity was found to be stable with increasing age. Nevertheless, 20 (67%) out of 30 symptoms were associated with age. Most clearly, with ageing there was more often early morning awakening [odds ratio (OR) 1.47, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.36–1.60], reduced interest in sex (OR 1.42, 95% CI 1.31–1.53), and problems sleeping during the night (OR 1.33, 95% CI 1.24–1.43), whereas symptoms most strongly associated with younger age were interpersonal sensitivity (OR 0.72, 95% CI 0.66–0.79), feeling irritable (OR 0.73, 95% CI 0.67–0.79), and sleeping too much (OR 0.75, 95% CI 0.68–0.83). The sum score of somatic/vegetative symptoms was associated with older age (B = 0.23, p < 0.001), whereas the mood and cognitive sum scores were associated with younger age (B = −0.20, p < 0.001; B = −0.04, p = 0.004).

Conclusions

Depression severity was found to be stable across the lifespan, yet depressive symptoms tend to shift with age from being predominantly mood-related to being more somatic/vegetative. Due to the increasing somatic presentation of depression with age, diagnoses may be missed.
Modeling of Infrared–Visible Sum Frequency Generation Microscopy Images of a Giant Liposome
Authors: Volkov Victor , Perry Carole C.
Published: October 2016

The article explores the theory of infrared–visible sum frequency generation microscopy of phospholipid envelopes with dimensions larger than the wavelength of the nonlinear emission. The main part of the study concerns derivation and accounting for the contributions of effective nonlinear responses specific to sites on the surfaces of a bilayer envelope and their dependence on polarization condition and experimental geometry. The nonlinear responses of sites are mapped onto the image plane according to their emission directions and the numerical aperture of a sampling microscope objective. According to the simulation results, we discuss possible approaches to characterize the shape of the envelope, to extract molecular hyperpolarizabilities, and to anticipate possible heterogeneity in envelope composition and anisotropy of the environment proximal to the envelope. The modeling approach offers a promising analytic facility to assist connecting microscopy observations in engineered liposomes, cellular envelopes, and subcellular organelles of relatively large dimensions to molecular properties, and hence to chemistry and structure down to available spatial resolution.
Why Do We Need to Use Three-Dimensional (3D) Fourier Transform (FT) Analysis to Evaluate a High-Performance Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM)?
Authors: Ishizuka Kazuo , Kimoto Koji
Published: October 2016

The resolution of high-resolution transmission electron microscopes (TEM) has been improved down to subangstrom levels by correcting the spherical aberration (Cs) of the objective lens, and the information limit is thus determined mainly by partial temporal coherence. As a traditional Young’s fringe test does not reveal the true information limit for an ultra-high-resolution electron microscope, new methods to evaluate temporal coherence have been proposed based on a tilted-beam diffractogram. However, the diffractogram analysis cannot be applied when the nonlinear contribution becomes significant. Therefore, we have proposed a method based on the three-dimensional (3D) Fourier transform (FT) of through-focus TEM images, and evaluated the performance of someCs-corrected TEMs at lower voltages. In this report, we generalize the 3D FT analysis and derive the 3D transmission cross-coefficient. The profound difference of the 3D FT analysis from the diffractogram analysis is its capability to extract linear image information from the image intensity, and further to evaluate two linear image contributions separately on the Ewald sphere envelopes. Therefore, contrary to the diffractogram analysis the 3D FT analysis can work with a strong scattering object. This is the necessary condition if we want to directly observe the linear image transfer down to a few tens of picometer.
CUNTZ–PIMSNER ALGEBRAS ASSOCIATED TO TENSOR PRODUCTS OF -CORRESPONDENCES
Authors: MORGAN ADAM
Published: October 2016

Given two $C^{\ast }$-correspondences $X$ and $Y$ over $C^{\ast }$-algebras $A$ and $B$, we show that (under mild hypotheses) the Cuntz–Pimsner algebra ${\mathcal{O}}_{X\otimes Y}$ embeds as a certain subalgebra of ${\mathcal{O}}_{X}\otimes {\mathcal{O}}_{Y}$ and that this subalgebra can be described in a natural way in terms of the gauge actions on ${\mathcal{O}}_{X}$ and ${\mathcal{O}}_{Y}$. We explore implications for graph algebras, crossed products by $\mathbb{Z}$, crossed products by completely positive maps, and give a new proof of a result of Kaliszewski, Quigg, and Robertson related to coactions on correspondences.
CRISIS AND RENAISSANCE IN POST-WAR JAPAN
Authors: CAMPAGNOLA FRANCESCO
Published: October 2016

This article explores the intellectual and political meanings surrounding scholarly reconstruction and reimagining of the Renaissance in pre- and post-war Japan, analyzing in particular the work of Hayashi Tatsuo, Watanabe Kazuo and Hanada Kiyoteru, through comparison with some of the dominant perspectives on the same subject produced during the same years in Europe and America. It focuses specifically on authors from other Axis countries, namely Hans Baron and Eugenio Garin. For although Italian and German scholarship has been seminal in setting out new ways of interpreting the Renaissance, beyond this criterion, the selection of the intellectuals whose work I shall investigate does not follow strictly disciplinary lines. Instead, they have been selected because of their relevance in proposing an image of the Renaissance that played an important role in post-war public intellectual debates about crisis and rebirth in post-war Japan.
Search for Close-in Planets around Evolved Stars with Phase-curve variations and Radial Velocity Measurements
Authors: Hirano Teruyuki , Sato Bun'ei , Masuda Kento , Benomar Othman Michel , Takeda Yoichi , Omiya Masashi , Harakawa Hiroki
Published: October 2016

Tidal interactions are a key process to understand the evolution history of close-in exoplanets. But tidals still have a large uncertainty in their prediction for the damping timescales of stellar obliquity and semi-major axis. We have worked on a search for transiting giant planets around evolved stars, for which few close-in planets were discovered. It has been reported that evolved stars lack close-in planets, which is often attributed to the tidal evolution and/or engulfment of close-in planets by the hosts. Meanwhile, Kepler has detected a certain fraction of transiting planet candidates around evolved stars. Confirming the planetary nature for these candidates is especially important since the comparison between the occurrence rates of close-in planets around main sequence stars and evolved stars provides a unique opportunity to discuss the final stage of close-in planets. With the aim of confirming KOI planet candidates around evolved stars, we measured precision radial velocities (RVs) for evolved stars with transiting planet candidates using Subaru/HDS. We also developed a new code which simultaneously models and fits the observed RVs and phase-curve variations in the Kepler data (e.g., transits, stellar ellipsoidal variations, and planet emission/reflected light). As a result of applying the global fit to KOI giants/subgiants, we confirmed two giant planets around evolved stars (Kepler-91 and KOI-1894), as well as revealed that KOI-977 is more likely a false positive.
The UNESCO Thematic Initiative “Astronomy and World Heritage”
Authors: Sidorenko Anna
Published: October 2016

My presentation is divided into two parts: the first part retraces chronologically all the main achievements accomplished within the framework of this Thematic Initiative; the second provides key information regarding the nomination process.
Odyssey of Human Creative Genius: From Astronomical Heritage to Space Technology Heritage
Authors: Dluzhnevskaya Olga , Marov Mikhail
Published: October 2016

Astronomy was one of the most important sciences in the ancient world. It was rooted in naked eye observations and primitive stone instruments for astrometric measurements to determine the positions of the Sun, Moon, planets and some stars that had both practical and sacred meaning. That is why the majority of archaeoastronomical monuments are simultaneously observatories and sanctuaries, with burials and altars.
Nā Inoa Hōkū: Hawaiian and Polynesian star names
Authors: Ruggles Clive , Johnson Rubellite Kawena , Mahelona John Kaipo
Published: October 2016

In this paper we report on a 15-year project to construct a comprehensive catalogue of Hawaiian starnames documented in historical sources, published during the IAU General Assembly. Hawaiian star knowledge represents incomparable intangible heritage relating to Polynesian navigation in the Pacific. It both informs and motivates living cultural traditions aiming to reconstruct and build upon such knowledge.