bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Task-Related Sensorimotor Adjustments Increase the Sensory Range in Electrolocation
Authors: Pedraja Federico , Hofmann Volker , Goulet Julie , Engelmann Jacob
Published: December 2019

Perception and motor control traditionally are studied separately. However, motor activity can serve as a scaffold to shape the sensory flow. This tight link between motor actions and sensing is particularly evident in active sensory systems. Here, we investigate how the weakly electric mormyrid fishGnathonemus petersiiof undetermined sex structure their sensing and motor behavior while learning a perceptual task. We find systematic adjustments of the motor behavior that correlate with an increased performance. Using a model to compute the electrosensory input, we show that these behavioral adjustments improve the sensory input. As we find low neuronal detection thresholds at the level of medullary electrosensory neurons, it seems that the behavior-driven improvements of the sensory input are highly suitable to overcome the sensory limitations, thereby increasing the sensory range. Our results show that motor control is an active component of sensory learning, demonstrating that a detailed understanding of contribution of motor actions to sensing is needed to understand even seemingly simple behaviors.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTMotor-guided sensation and perception are intertwined, with motor behavior serving as a scaffold to shape the sensory input. We characterized how the weakly electric mormyrid fishGnathonemus petersii, as it learns a perceptual task, restructures its sensorimotor behavior. We find that systematic adjustments of the motor behavior correlate with increased performance and a shift of the sensory attention of the animal. Analyzing the afferent electrosensory input shows that a significant gain in information results from these sensorimotor adjustments. Our results show that motor control can be an active component of sensory learning. Researching the sensory corollaries of motor control thus can be crucial to understand sensory sensation and perception under naturalistic conditions.
The intriguing co-distribution of the copepods Calanus hyperboreus and Calanus glacialis in the subsurface chlorophyll maximum of Arctic seas
Authors: Schmid Moritz S. , Fortier Louis
Published: December 2019

Studying the distribution of zooplankton in relation to their prey and predators is challenging, especially in situ. Recent developments in underwater imaging enable such fine-scale research. We deployed the Lightframe On-sight Keyspecies Investigation (LOKI) image profiler to study the fine-scale (1 m) vertical distribution of the copepods Calanus hyperboreus and C. glacialis in relation to the subsurface chlorophyll maximum (SCM) at the end of the grazing season in August in the North Water and Nares Strait (Canadian Arctic). The vertical distribution of both species was generally consistent with the predictions of the Predator Avoidance Hypothesis. In the absence of a significant SCM, both copepods remained at depth during the night. In the presence of a significant SCM, copepods remained at depth in daytime and a fraction of the population migrated in the SCM at night. All three profiles where the numerically dominant copepodite stages C4 and C5 of the two species grazed in the SCM at night presented the same intriguing pattern: the abundance of C. hyperboreus peaked in the core of the SCM while that of C. glacialis peaked just above and below the core SCM. These distributions of the same-stage congeners in the SCMs were significantly different. Lipid fullness of copepod individuals was significantly higher in C. hyperboreus in the core SCM than in C. glacialis above and below the core SCM. Foraging interference resulting in the exclusion from the core SCM of the smaller C. glacialis by the larger C. hyperboreus could explain this vertical partitioning of the actively grazing copepodite stages of the two species. Alternatively, specific preferences for microalgal and/or microzooplankton food hypothetically occupying different layers in the SCM could explain the observed partitioning. Investigating the observed fine-scale co-distributions further will enable researchers to better predict potential climate change effects on these important Arctic congeners.
LDLR-mediated lipidome–transcriptome reprogramming in cisplatin insensitivity
Authors: Chang Wei-Chun , Wang Hsiao-Ching , Cheng Wei-Chung , Yang Juan-Cheng , Chung Wei-Min , Ho Yen-Pin , Chen Lumin , Hung Yao-Ching , Ma Wen-Lung
Published: December 2019

Platinum-based therapy remains the cornerstone for cancer therapy; however, its efficacy varies. The role of lipoprotein receptor-mediated lipid entry for cancer development has been reported. Yet, the roles and mechanism of the low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) in chemo-sensitivities are unknown. In the current report, we used epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), composed of various cellularities, to study this issue. Using public cDNA microarray database and single cohort study, LDLR expressions were positively associated with epithelial ovarian carcinomas (EOCs) platinum-based chemotherapy patients’ disease prognosis. In vitro and in vivo add-in/silencing LDLR was introduced to determine cisplatin sensitivity and cancer growth. Results revealed that knocked-down LDLR could sensitize while overexpressed LDLR could insensitize EOC cells to the cytotoxic effects of cisplatin. Moreover, the trans-omics approaches depicted an LDLR→LPC (Lyso-phosphatidylcholine)→FAM83B (phospholipase-related)→FGFRs (cisplatin sensitivity and phospholipase-related) regulatory axis. Finally, the manipulation of LDLR expression in EOC cells was found to determine the efficacy of cisplatin therapy in terms of tumor suppression. In conclusion, the LDLR→LPC→FAM83B→FGFRs axis is an example of tumor macroenvironmental regulation of therapy outcomes. Relatedly, LDLR expression could serve as a biomarker of chemotherapy sensitivity in EOCs. Significance: this study describes the role of LDLR in the development of insensitivity to platinum-based chemotherapy in epithelial ovarian cancer. The lipidome (e.g., LPC) and transcriptome (e.g., FAM38B) interactions revealed using trans-omics approaches an LDLR→LPC→FAM83B→FGFRs regulatory axis in cancer cells, in an animal model, and in patients.
Análisis estructuralista de la teoría de los grupos de referencia
Authors: Abreu Cláudio
Published: December 2019

El objetivo de este artículo es presentar una reconstrucción, conforme a la metateoría estructuralista, de la teoría de los grupos de referencia. La teoría, desarrollada por Robert Merton, ha sido largamente utilizada en los más variados campos de las ciencias sociales, aunque con escasa consideración metateórica hasta ahora. La reconstrucción atenderá a la presentación que de la misma se recoge en sendos artículos de su libro Social Theory and Social Structure, a saber: “Contributions to the theory of reference group behavior” y “Continuities in the theory of reference groups and social structure”. Después de una consideración informal de la teoría, serán presentados sus modelos potenciales, modelos, modelos potenciales parciales, condiciones de ligadura, vínculos interteóricos y aplicaciones intencionales.
La angustia no es sin objeto: Lacan lector de Heidegger
Authors: Sánchez Gómez Pablo Bernardo
Published: December 2019

Este texto plantea la posibilidad de realizar una aproximación entre la angustia heideggeriana y la angustia lacaniana. De este modo, se comprueba cómo ambos autores comprenden la angustia como el estado esencial y propio del hombre. Tanto Heidegger como Lacan presentan la angustia como el estado en el que lo imposible, lo que no puede ser representado como objeto, se manifiesta en su esencia. Así, ambos señalan que el objeto (que no es en absoluto «un» objeto) de la angustia es la condición para la aparición de cualquier objeto, es decir, plantean la angustia y aquello que ella presenta como la manifestación de lo real mismo. No obstante, es precisamente desde la angustia donde podemos apreciar la diferencia notable que existe entre ambos autores.
Análisis estructural del Bosque Muy Húmedo Tropical en la zona norte de Costa Rica: un estudio de caso
Authors: Chaves S. Eladio , Chinchilla Orlando
Published: December 2019

No disponible/Not available
Sector privado, liberalización económica y medio ambiente
Authors: Quadri Gabriel
Published: December 2019

No disponible/Not available
Conservación, sustentabilidad ecológica y la articulación entre comercio y ambiente
Authors: Gudynas Eduardi
Published: December 2019

No disponible/Not available
Principio de precaución ante las compañías transnacionales
Authors: Dunion Kevin
Published: December 2019

No disponible/Not available
Los niños de las bananeras
Authors: Mora Eduardo
Published: December 2019

No disponible/Not available
Fijación de carbono como servicio ambiental comercializable a la luz del derecho ambiental internacional
Authors: Chacón Carlos M.
Published: December 2019

No disponible/Not available
Elementos para una crítica ecologista a la venta de fijación de carbono
Authors: Rivas Gabriel
Published: December 2019

No disponible/Not available
El SINAC, su descentralización y la participación local. El caso el Área de Conservación Tempisque
Authors: Jiménez Martín Wilberth , Zamora Marco V. , Pleitez Jorge , Quesada Rodolfo , Angulo Félix
Published: December 2019

No disponible/Not available
Importancia, estado y perspectivas de la interpretación ambiental. Los casos de Costa Rica y Cuba
Authors: Chaverri Polini Adelaida , Martínez Rosendo , Juarrero Cristina , Castillo Henry
Published: December 2019

No disponible/Not available
La importancia de la buena interpretación en el turismo basado en recursos renovables
Authors: Budowski Gerardo
Published: December 2019

No disponible/Not available
Turismo ecológicamente peligroso y económicamente incierto
Authors: Rojas Carmen
Published: December 2019

No disponible/Not available
Gobiernos municipales y bosques en las tierras bajas de Bolivia
Authors: Kaimowitz David , Pacheco Pablo , Johnson James , Pavez Iciar , Vallejos Cristián , Vélez Róger
Published: December 2019

No disponible/Not available
Derecho, institucionalidad y ordenamiento territorial en Brasil y Costa Rica
Authors: Benatti José , Chaves Silvia , Maués Antonio , Rodrígues Liana Da Silva
Published: December 2019

No disponible/Not available
Percepción ambiental de las empresas en Costa Rica
Authors: Espinoza Rebeca , Rojas Patricia , Sibaja Ana Laura , Laverde Bernal , Solano Angélica
Published: December 2019

No disponible/Not available
La gestión ambiental positiva en la empresa agropecuaria
Authors: Pomareda Carlos
Published: December 2019

No disponible/Not available
Comercialización de café sostenible en Europa occidental en bien de productores, consumidores y el ambiente
Authors: Danse Myrtille , Bolaños Freddy
Published: December 2019

No disponible/Not available
Conceptualización y consecuencias edafológicas de los impactos ambientales en ecosistemas naturales y agrarios en América Latina
Authors: Fassbender Hans
Published: December 2019

No disponible/Not available
Formation of the forecasting model for Ukrainian – German migration system
Authors: Mulska Olga , Baranyak Ihor
Published: December 2019

The article presents results of the research on the population's migration activity in the context of the formation of a new migration system (MS), such as the Ukrainian-German one. It has been determined that the expansion of the scale and diversification of the composition of migratory flows intensify their influence on contemporary demographic, socio-economic and ethno-cultural processes both in the donor country and in the recipient country. It is proved that the consideration of the migration component has become necessary in developing the demographic, social and economic, foreign and ethno-cultural strategies of the country's development.
Authors present a technique to construct forecasts of migration activity in the conditions of formation of the Ukrainian-German migration system. It is based on a three-stage algorithm: 1) forecasting the size and structure of the population of Germany and Ukraine; 2) forecasting macroeconomic indicators and conditions of labour markets of Germany and Ukraine; and 3) forecasting the volumes of potential migration in the conditions of formation of the investigated MS (Ukraine-Germany).
Based on the projection of the German population by 2060, and taking into account variations in the volume of immigration in the country, authors prove that a significant deformation of the age structure of the indigenous population as a result of the nation's 'hyper-aging' may lead to a demographic collapse, which makes it impossible for the country's economic growth to result in shortages of high-skilled workforce in the labour market. The arguments presented confirm the hypothesis of the dependence of the German economy on the immigration flows of human resources.
On the basis of the constructed economic-mathematical model, the authors estimated the probable variants of further development of the UGMS for medium-term (by 2025) and long-term (until 2030) perspectives under different developmental scenarios (the benchmark, optimistic, tendentious, and pessimistic ones).
The investigation has shown that during 2025-2030 in Ukraine, the demographic and, as a result, labour-saving crisis, caused by the emigration of human resources in young and middle age, coupled with low fertility rates, will aggravate in Ukraine. In this context, the feasibility of constructing a new migration policy with the effect of replacing the workforce has been substantiated.
This publication is prepared withing the research project on "Migration activity of the population of the Carpathian region" (state registration No 0119U002010).
Pengumuman Perhitungan Baru Indeks LQ45 dan IDX30: Apakah Ada Reaksi pada Pasar Modal Indonesia?
Authors: Bimantara Rizal Agus , Siswanto Ely , Soesetio Yuli
Published: December 2019

This study discusses whether there an influence from the announcement of the newcalculation of LQ45 and IDX30 index. This study uses indicators of abnormal return, cumulative abnormal return, and trading volume activity as a measure of market reaction. The population of this study is the companies incorporated in the IDX30 index. The sampling method uses purposive sampling method and obtained sample of 20 companies.The window period in this study is 11 days. Statistical tests using paired sample t-test and Wilcoxon sign rank test. The results of this study indicate there are no differences in the average abnormal return and trading volume activity before and after the event. There are differences in cumulative abnormal returns before and after events. This shows that investors have anticipated the news and the market has adjusted to a new balance before the announcement of the new LQ45 and IDX30 index calculations officially applied.
Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Kepuasan Konsumen Pengguna Layanan Pembelian Secara Daring: Peran Kepuasan Konsumen Sebagai Mediator
Authors: Mamuaya Nova Christian , Pandowo Aditya
Published: December 2019

The purpose of this study is to analyze the influence of several antecedents of customer satisfaction in the online shopping industry, namely site design, time savings, product variation, and shipping performance, and its consequence on customer satisfaction and word of mouth. This study uses purposive sampling with repeat buyer criteria. 100 samples qualify and deserve to be tested after testing their validity and reliability. The results showed that site design, time savings, and delivery performance significantly affected customer satisfaction. Meanwhile, site design, time savings, and product variations affect word of mouth. In addition, the results also confirm the hidden role of customer satisfaction as a partial mediating variable. Thus, the market must increase the availability of products and services to increase customer satisfaction in order to increase word of mouth activities.
Peran Kompleksitas Tugas Dalam Hubungan Kompetensi, Independensi, Dan Etika Pemeriksa Pajak Dengan Kualitas Hasil Pemeriksaan
Authors: Mulyani Susi Dwi , Purnomo Triwahyudi Heru
Published: December 2019

The objective of this study empirically analyzes the influence of Competence, Independence, and Tax Auditor Ethic to Tax Audit Quality with Task Complexity as Moderating Variable. This research uses primary data. The population of respondends in this research is tax auditors who worked on Madya Tax Office in Region of Jakarta with minimal work experience is one year. Primary data collection method used is questionnaire method. The data are analyzed by Moderated Regression. The results show that Independence and Tax Auditor Ethic have a positive impact on the Tax Audit Quality while Competence and Task Complexity have no impact on the Tax Audit Quality. The results also show that Task Complexity can weaken the influence of Independence on the Tax Audit Quality but Task Complexity cannot moderate the influence Competence and Tax Auditor Ethic on the Tax Audit Quality.
Preparing Future Pediatricians to Meet the Behavioral and Mental Health Needs of Children
Authors: McMillan Julia A. , Land Marshall , Tucker Ashley E. , Leslie Laurel K.
Published: December 2019

The increasing prevalence of behavioral and/or mental health (B/MH) problems among children, adolescents, and young adults is rapidly forcing the pediatric community to examine its professional responsibility in response to this epidemic. Stakeholders involved in pediatric workforce training were brought together in April 2018, invited by the American Board of Pediatrics and the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, to consider facilitators and barriers for pediatrician training to enhance care for B/MH problems and to catalyze commitment to improvement efforts. During the interactive meeting, parents, young adult patients, and trainees, together with leaders of pediatric training programs and health care organizations, acknowledged the growing B/MH epidemic and discussed past and current efforts to improve training and care, including integrated delivery models. Attendees committed in writing to making a change within their department or organization to improve training. There also was agreement that organizations that set the standards for training and certification bear some responsibility to ensure that future pediatricians are prepared to meet the needs of children and adolescents. Reports on commitments to change 12 months after the meeting indicated that although attendees had encountered a variety of barriers, many had creatively moved forward to improve training at the program or organizational level. This article describes the context for the April 2018 meeting, themes arising from the meeting, results from the commitments to change, and 3 case studies. Taken together, they suggest we, as a pediatric community, can and must collaborate to improve training and, by extension, care.
Review of and Recommendations for Monitoring Contaminants and their Effects in the San Francisco Bay−Delta
Authors: Connon Richard , Hasenbein Simone , Brander Susanne , Poynton Helen , Holland Erika , Schlenk Daniel , Orlando James , Hladik Michelle , Collier Tracy , Scholz Nathaniel , Incardona John , Denslow Nancy , Hamdoun Amro , Nicklisch Sascha , Garcia-Reyero Natàlia , Perkins Edward , Gallagher Evan , Deng Xin , Wang Dan , Fong Stephanie , Breuer Richard , Hajibabei Mehrdad , Brown James , Colbourne John , Young Thomas , Cherr Gary , Whitehead Andrew , Todgham Anne
Published: December 2019

Legacy and current-use contaminants enter into and accumulate throughout the San Francisco Bay−Delta (Bay−Delta), and are present at concentrations with known effects on species important to this diverse watershed. There remains major uncertainty and a lack of focused research able to address and provide understanding of effects across multiple biological scales, despite previous and ongoing emphasis on the need for it. These needs are challenging specifically because of the established regulatory programs that often monitor on a chemical-by-chemical basis, or in which decisions are grounded in lethality-based endpoints. To best address issues of contaminants in the Bay−Delta, monitoring efforts should consider effects of environmentally relevant mixtures and sub-lethal impacts that can affect ecosystem health. These efforts need to consider the complex environment in the Bay−Delta including variable abiotic (e.g., temperature, salinity) and biotic (e.g., pathogens) factors. This calls for controlled and focused research, and the development of a multi-disciplinary contaminant monitoring and assessment program that provides information across biological scales. Information gained in this manner will contribute toward evaluating parameters that could alleviate ecologically detrimental outcomes. This review is a result of a Special Symposium convened at the University of California−Davis (UCD) on January 31, 2017 to address critical information needed on how contaminants affect the Bay−Delta. The UCD Symposium focused on new tools and approaches for assessing multiple stressor effects to freshwater and estuarine systems. Our approach is similar to the recently proposed framework laid out by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) that uses weight of evidence to scale toxicological responses to chemical contaminants in a laboratory, and to guide the conservation of priority species and habitats. As such, we also aimed to recommend multiple endpoints that could be used to promote a multi-disciplinary understanding of contaminant risks in Bay−Delta while supporting management needs.
Cuantificación de metano entérico según estado fisiológico en vacas lecheras de alta producción en Costa Rica
Authors: Montenegro Ballestero Johnny , Barrantes Guevara Eduardo , Ivankovich Cruz Sylvia
Published: December 2019

Esta investigación cuantifica, mediante la técnica del SF6, el metano entérico en vacas altamente productoras en una finca comercial. El objetivo fue determinar la emisión de metano entérico en vacas Holstein en diferentes estados fisiológicos en un sistema de producción de leche intensivo bajo pastoreo. Para ello, se seleccionaron 9 vacas Holstein que representaron la conformación típica del hato en edad (5,7±0,6 años), número de lactancias (3,6±0,4 partos), producción promedio de leche por lactancia (7924±280 kg leche) y peso (672±36 kg) en diferentes estados fisiológicos: secas (VS), preparto (VPP), primer tercio de lactancia (VPTL) y en medio/final (VM/F) estado de lactación. Los forrajes y suplementeos proporcionados, previo al ordeño, fueron pesados y muestreados para determinar consumo y digestibilidad de la materia seca. En cada período de medición de metano, se realizaron muestreos de las pasturas y se determinó proteína cruda (15,9±0,3%), fibra neutro detergente (63,0±0,9%) y digestibilidad in vitro de la materia seca (67,8±1,9%) del forraje en oferta. La emisión diaria de metano por vaca fue similar (p>0,05) en VS, VPP y en VM/F, y mayores (p<0,05) en VPTL, con rangos (g.v-1.d-1) entre 240 y 443 en VS, de 238 a 483 en VPP, de 277 a 506 en VPTL, y de 281 a 470 en VM/F. Se determinó la relación lineal entre el consumo total de materia seca y la emisión de metano (r2 varió entre 0,42 y 0,78 según el estado fisiológico), así como también entre el metano producido y la producción de leche por día (r2=0,71). Las vacas más productoras emiten más metano, pero son menos emisoras de metano por litro de leche producida. El Pm varió conforme al estado fisiológico y el valor anual fue similar al sugerido por el IPCC.
Movilidad de metales del suelo al pasto en la región norte de Costa Rica
Authors: Salazar Matarrita Alfonso , Cubero Campos Mario , Durán Jiménez Bárbara
Published: December 2019

El estudio se basó en medir la concentración de metales en el suelo y en el pasto circundante de variedades utilizadas en la zona (Kikuyocloa clandestinum y Brachiara Brizantha) para determinar su movilidad, medido como porcentaje de transferencia del suelo al pasto. Se seleccionaron sitios de la región norte de Costa Rica, dividida en Región Chorotega y Región Huetar Norte. Se identificaron y compararon las concentraciones de potasio (K), calcio (Ca), manganeso (Mn), hierro (Fe), cobre (Cu) y zinc (Zn). Se experimentó con la movilidad de estos elementos del suelo al follaje del pasto, por su importancia como nutrimentos en la fertilidad de los suelos y del follaje del pasto. Los elementos Mn, Fe, Cu y Zn se consideran metales pesados y en las zonas estudiadas no constituyen contaminantes. Se utilizó la técnica de fluorescencia de rayos X dispersiva en energía (FRXDE), para determinar la composición elemental en las matrices de suelo y del follaje del pasto, por ser una técnica no destructiva y de análisis elemental múltiple y simultáneo. Al comparar las concentraciones de K se encontraron valores superiores en el pasto que en el suelo, por lo que se descartó calcular la movilidad con la metodología definida en este trabajo. Para los restantes elementos se calculó la movilidad como el porcentaje de transferencia de los metales al pasar del suelo al pasto. Los resultados obtenidos muestran una transferencia promedio moderada para el Ca (37,04%) y el Zn (24,75%), y una baja transferencia para el Mn (1,85%), Fe(1,35%) y Cu (4,35%).
Propagación de Erato polymnioides, en combinaciones de sustratos, reguladores de crecimiento y agrupación de plántulas
Authors: Morales Herrera Alexandra , Moreira Palacios Máximo
Published: December 2019

Erato polymnioides es una especie hiperacumuladora de metales pesados que puede utilizarse en proyectos de biorremediación en zonas mineras. A pesar de su importancia, no se conocen procesos de propagación de esta especie, por lo que se planteó identificar condiciones óptimas para su propagación en condiciones de invernadero. Se realizaron varios ensayos; los primeros fueron basados en 4 clases de sustratos y 2 concentraciones de reguladores de crecimiento aplicados en estacas; para el segundo grupo, se usaron 2 clases de sustratos y plántulas, germinadas de alrededor de 2 meses, que se colocaron de manera agrupadas y sin agrupar. Del ensayo con estacas se observó mayor formación y crecimiento de raíces, brotes y hojas en suelo del sitio en el que se desarrolla la especie, con y sin paclobutrazol, mientras que la agrupación de 3 plántulas germinadas y sembradas en abono/turba presentaron las mejores respuestas de prendimiento. Los resultados muestran que la especie se desarrolla mejor en sustratos preparados cuando está en etapas iniciales, mientras que cuando es propagada por estacas se adapta mejor al sustrato del sitio de donde provienen, el cual se caracteriza por alto contenido de arcilla y, posiblemente, microorganismos que tengan una relación simbiótica con la especie.
Uma poética do testemunho. “Descrição da guerra em Guernica” de Carlos de Oliveira
Authors: Gusmão Manuel
Published: December 2019

A guerra é um tema que serve de revelador de características fundamentais da poesia. O que pretendo neste artigo é mostrar como a poesia, através da leitura de um pequeno conjunto de poemas ibéricos sobre a Guerra Civil espanhola, não se limita a construir a referência ao seu tema mas se referencia a si própria.
A guerra é aqui: considerações sobre a poesia brasileira em tempos de crise
Authors: De Oliveira Vera Lúcia
Published: December 2019

Partindo do tema do evento, realizado pela Universidade Nova de Lisboa, em outubro de 2017, esboço uma reflexão sobre o trinômio “poesia, paz e guerra” a partir da situação da sociedade brasileira atual, que perde rapidamente algumas das conquistas democráticas obtidas nos últimos vinte anos. Como os poetas brasileiros vivem esse momento, como se relacionam com ele? Para responder, concentrei-me numa rápida análise de alguns poemas de Donizete Galvão.
La celebración de la independencia en Nicaragua (1866-1928)
Authors: Urbina Gaitán Chester
Published: December 2019

Los contenidos políticos que se transmitieron durante los actos de celebración de la independencia en Nicaragua entre 1866 y 1895, se pueden dividir en dos períodos, el primero corresponde a los años de 1866 a 1875, donde la independencia había traído la igualdad entre los nicaragüenses, pero estos debían de moralizarse, practicar el patriotismo y el trabajo con el fin de cimentar la estabilidad política. Asimismo, se añoraba la llegada de la unión centroamericana. Entre 1877 y 1895 los discursos conmemorativos del 15 de setiembre añaden conceptos políticos que destacaban el papel “liberador” de la educación. Promovían la unidad nacional y la regeneración étnica de los nicaragüenses, pues se rescata el protagonismo del héroe nacional José Dolores Estrada y de la Campaña Nacional. También se exalta el progreso económico y la estabilidad política traída por los gobiernos conservadores. Estas peroraciones sirvieron para manifestar una visión clasista y mantener la forma de dominación imperante. Por otra parte, los textos publicados por la prensa nicaragüense sobre las celebraciones del 15 de setiembre durante el período 1903-1928, exponen las diversas influencias político-culturales que existían en esa época para tratar el tema de la identidad nacional y analizar los principales problemas por los que atravesaba Nicaragua, principalmente el de la ocupación estadounidense. Estas posturas iban del nacionalismo, al antiimperialismo y al unionismo.
La vertiente psicofísica/intercultural, su idoneidad para formar intérpretes capaces de asumir la escena contemporánea
Authors: Bautista Díaz Roberto
Published: December 2019

Los caminos de la formación actoral han confluido históricamente en la necesidad de organicidad y verosimilitud de la interpretación para enfrentar la escena. Actualmente, con la diversidad poética que plantea la escena contemporánea es necesario revisar las búsquedas de la formación para comprender las oportunidades que cada vertiente formativa aportó a la visión del hecho escénico desde la interpretación. El marco en el que esta reflexión cobra sentido es en los intersticios entre la pedagogía, el arte teatral y la interculturalidad. Nos planteamos un breve análisis histórico sobre la formación actoral, en este sentido, para pensar la posibilidad de preguntarnos sobre la vertiente psicofísica intercultural como una oportunidad decolonial sobre la formación actoral.
Comparing identification of clinically relevant Prevotella species by VITEK MS and MALDI biotyper
Authors: Toprak Nurver Ulger , Veloo Alida C. M. , Urban Edit , Wybo Ingrid , Jean-Pierre Helene , Morris Trefor , Justesen Ulrik Stenz , Tripkovic Vesna , Jeverica Samo , Soyletir Guner , Nagy Elisabeth , _ _
Published: December 2019

In this multicenter study, we aimed to evaluate the performance of MALDI Biotyper and VITEK MS, for identification of Prevotella species. Three hundred and fourteen clinical isolates, collected in eight European countries between January 2014 and April 2016, were identified at the collecting sites by MALDI Biotyper (versions 3.0 and 3.1) and then reidentified by VITEK MS (version 3.0) in the central laboratory. 16S rRNA gene sequencing was used as a standard method. According to sequence analysis, the 314 Prevotella strains belonged to 19 species. MALDI Biotyper correctly identified 281 (89.5%) isolates to the species level and 33 (10.5%) only at the genus level. VITEK MS correctly identified 253 (80.6%) isolates at the species level and 276 (87.9%) isolates at the genus level. Thirty-three isolates belonging to P. bergensis, P. conceptionensis, P. corporis, P. histicola, and P. nanciensis, unavailable in the VITEK MS 3.0 database, were resulted in genus level or no identification. Six Prevotella strains, belonged to P. veroralis, P. timonensis, and P. conceptionensis not represented in the MALDI Biotyper system database, were misidentified at the genus level. In conclusion, both VITEK MS and MALDI Biotyper provided reliable and rapid identification. However, the permanent extension of the databases is needed.
Information Value Measure for Optimization of Flexible Diagnosis Programs of Technical Objects
Authors: Kopkin Evgeniy , Kobzarev Igor
Published: December 2019

Existing methods of calculating of the value of diagnostic information circulating in the automated systems of monitoring of technical condition of objects do not take into account "losses" ("gains") resulting from making “wrong” decisions when identifying this state. The purpose of the work is to develop an algorithm that allows to solve the problem of recognizing the technical state of the object being analyzed by means of dynamic programming, the value of the diagnostic information as an optimized indicator being used. The solution to the optimization problem of a diagnostic procedure is based on the use of a measure of the information value proposed by R. L. Stratonovich. It is modified according to the subject area of the technical diagnostics and in the case when the diagnostic features presented in the form of intervals on the real numerical axis are used. The maximum value of the diagnostic information is achieved by minimizing the average "losses" (maximizing the average "gains") obtained when performing tests of diagnostic signs in the process of recognizing the technical condition of an object. To solve the problem, a recurrent expression possessing a scientific novelty has been proposed. It allows to calculate the value of the information obtained when performing tests of diagnostic signs in each of the analyzed information states of the diagnostic process. In the process of the diagnostics program implementation when recognizing the technical condition of the object both “losses” and “winnings” are possible. The difference between their a priori and a posteriori means values characterizes the value of the diagnostic information numerically. The magnitude of the information value indication depends on the probabilities of the results of the diagnostic signs checks and is proportional to the difference between the a posteriori and a priori probabilities of achieving the diagnostic goal. By using the proposed solution, it is possible to synthesize the flexible diagnostics program that is optimal according to the maximum value of diagnostic information in the form of a oriented graph or sets of tests in proper sequence of their execution. This is necessary in order to recognize the specific technical state in which the object is located. The implementation of the algorithm developed is possible in the software and algorithmic support of the automated systems for monitoring the state of complex technical objects.
Calculation and Research of Space-Temporal Characteristics of Attack Abrases of Asteroids by Orbital Means
Authors: Minakov Evgeniy , Sokolov Boris , Shaldaev Sergey , Aleksandrov Maksim
Published: December 2019

A development of work to combat the asteroid hazard requires construction and study of areas of outer space in which moving spacecraft-interceptors can affect asteroids. In this paper, such areas are called attack lines, the spatio-temporal characteristics of which depend on the parameters of the asteroid’s orbits and the phase coordinates of the nodal points. At these points the trajectory intersects the asteroids and the orbital planes of the spacecraft-interceptors. In the case of the impact of spacecraft-interceptors on asteroids at nodal points, the study of the spatio-temporal characteristics of the lines of attack, taking into account restrictions on the relative speeds between asteroids and spacecraft-interceptors, is of particular importance. Building and analyzing the corresponding zones of reverse reach are suggested.

In the article, the developed models include a simulation model, using which random angles between the projections of the velocity vectors of asteroids on a plane of the orbits of spacecraft-interceptors and the current directions on the hodographs of their velocity vectors at nodal points, as well as an analytical model for estimating the spatio-temporal characteristics of boundaries are simulated attacks of asteroids, including: the radii of their external and internal boundaries for certain values of the latitude arguments and arrival time of spacecraft-interceptors at modal points.

Testing these models and the corresponding characteristics of the attack lines were carries out during computational experiments on two cyclic modeling of the angles between the projections of the velocity vectors of asteroids on the plane of the orbits of interceptor spacecraft and the current directions on the hodographs of their velocity vectors at nodal points. The results obtained made it possible to verify and validate the developed models, on the basis of which a conclusion was drawn about the required degree of their applicability. In the paper also a procedure for estimating the parameters of attack lines, depending on the values of the arguments of the latitudes of interceptor spacecraft and their altitudes above the Earth's surface is proposed. At the same time, an approach is substantiated for estimating the spatio-temporal characteristics of the boundaries of attack of asteroids by spacecraft-interceptors for any inside the planar parameters of their orbits.
Analytical-Numerical Calculation Algorithm of Algebraic Equations Roots with Specified Limits of Errors
Authors: Bychkov Yuri , Solovyeva Elena , Scherbakov Sergei
Published: December 2019

This paper proposes an algorithm for calculating approximate values of  roots of algebraic equations with a specified limit of absolute errors. A mathematical basis of the algorithm is an analytical-numerical method of solving nonlinear integral-differential equations with non-stationary coefficients. The analytical-numerical method belongs to the class of one-step continuous methods of variable order with an adaptive procedure for choosing a calculation step, a formalized estimate of the error of the performed calculations at each step and the error accumulated during the calculation. The proposed algorithm for calculating the approximate values of the roots of an algebraic equation with specified limit absolute errors consists of two stages. The results of the first stage are numerical intervals containing the unknown exact values of the roots of the algebraic equation. At the second stage, the approximate values of these roots with the specified limit absolute errors are calculated. As an example of the use of the proposed algorithm, defining the roots of the fifth-order algebraic equation with three different values of the limiting absolute error is presented.

The obtained results allow drawing the following conclusions. The proposed algorithm enables to select numeric intervals that contain unknown exact values of the roots. Knowledge of these intervals facilitates the calculation of the approximate root values under any specified limiting absolute error. The algorithm efficiency, i.e., the guarantee of achieving the goal, does not depend on the choice of initial conditions. The algorithm is not iterative, so the number of calculation steps required for extracting a numerical interval containing an unknown exact value of any root of an algebraic equation is always restricted. The algorithm of determining a certain root of the algebraic equation is computationally completely autonomous.
Las habilidades socioemocionales en la escuela secundaria mexicana: retos e incertidumbres
Authors: Benitez María del Carmen , Ramírez Liberio Victorino
Published: December 2019

El presente artículo tiene como propósito analizar la inserción curricular de las habilidades socioemocionales en la escuela secundaria desde la perspectiva del planteamiento curricular del Nuevo Modelo Educativo para la educación obligatoria presentado en el 2017, en el marco de la Reforma Educativa, el cual fue cancelado por el actual gobierno de México, manteniendo el plan de estudios que continuará vigente hasta el 2020. Este texto presenta cuatro líneas de análisis: La perspectiva de la vida emocional en el contexto actual; el significado asociado a las habilidades socioemocionales; el papel que ha desempeñado la escuela en el desarrollo de las habilidades socioemocionales y los elementos que plantea la asignatura de Tutoría y Educación Socioemocional en educación secundaria. La metodología usada en este artículo es cualitativa, adherida a un modelo conceptual que se apoya en el análisis e interpretación de documentos, datos, investigaciones, leyes, planes de estudio, entre otros. Finalmente se hace una serie de reflexiones en torno a los retos e incertidumbres que implica su inserción y desarrollo en el contexto actual.

actual.
The science of talk in clinical science: using a conversation analytic approach as a foundation for communication skills training
Authors: White Sarah J
Published: December 2019

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. Communication skills are considered a central part of medical and health professional curricula. The focus for both theoretical knowledge and practical skills in these curricula is often, necessarily, on that which is directly relevant to consultations and other clinical activities. Prior to engaging in this more specific and often experiential learning, it is arguable that the inclusion of foundational learning around how interaction works to adequately scaffold more specific, clinically-contextualised learning, building through the zone of proximal development. In this paper, I describe a conversation analysis-informed curriculum for communication skills in an undergraduate pre-clinical science degree which is designed to enhance the ability to critically and constructively reflect on their own communication.
As hipóteses teóricas de Sabina Spielrein nas suas cartas a Carl Gustav Jung (1917-1918)
Authors: Caropreso Fátima
Published: December 2019

Resumo Tem havido um crescente reconhecimento da originalidade e do caráter pioneiro das propostas teóricas e clínicas da psicanalista russa Sabina Spielrein. No entanto, ainda são poucos os estudos dedicados especificamente à análise de sua teoria. Além de suas publicações, as cartas que Spielrein enviou a Jung entre 1917 e 1918 contêm ricas reflexões teóricas, que contribuem para uma melhor compreensão do seu pensamento e das hipóteses que ela viria a formular nos anos seguintes. Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar os conceitos de subconsciente e de simbolismo que Spielrein apresenta na correspondência com Jung do período mencionado. Procuramos mostrar que, com esses conceitos, a autora dá continuidade à teoria que começara a formular em suas primeiras publicações e tenta integrar suas próprias hipóteses a algumas ideias de Freud e Jung, o que tem como consequência a elaboração de uma teoria original sobre o psiquismo.
Response of root-knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica to ozone
Authors: Saeedizadeh Ayatollah , Niasti Fahimeh , Ameri-Bafghi Mohammad Esmaeel , Agahi Kayvan
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT Root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne javanica is a major causal agent of plant diseases on summer crops in fields and greenhouses. In order to reduce environmental concerns, compounds having pesticidal capacity with insignificant residue can be a good alternative to synthetic pesticides. This study was undertaken to investigate the nematicidal capability of ozone under Petri dish (in vitro) and pot (in the rhizosphere of tomato seedlings cv. Super Chief) conditions. The experiments were conducted based on Completely Randomized Design in four replicates with two antimicrobial materials, Cadusafos (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 and 3 g kg-1 soil) and ozone (0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.8 and 1.6 g kg-1 soil). Results confirmed the significant in vitro controlling effect of ozone on nematode egg (85%, in 0.4 g kg-1 soil) and second stage juvenile (72%, in 0.4 g kg-1 soil) populations. Also a toxic effect of ozone was observed on the nematode pathogenicity, i.e. galling (83%, in 0.4 g kg-1 soil), on tomato root in pot assays. Plant morphological traits (i.e. root fresh weight, foliage fresh weight, and stem length) were not significantly affected by ozone. Therefore, taking into account the principles of safety in the application of ozone, this material can be suggested as an alternative nematicide, at least at limited and controlled condition.
Corpos, emoções e risco: vias de compreensão dos modos de ação individual e coletivo
Authors: Zarias Alexandre , Breton David Le
Published: December 2019

Resumo Neste número da revista Sociologias, ao lado de “corpos e emoções”, soma-se a ideia de “risco” a fim de incorporar à reflexão sociológica o grau de incerteza no qual se desenrolam as relações sociais cotidianas. O corpo, do ponto de vista sociológico, é compreendido como signo das relações sociais, que encerra um conjunto de representações da vida individual e coletiva, e que compõe uma gramática que se tornou objeto particular de uma sociologia especializada constituída contemporaneamente e que já consolidou diferentes frentes de pesquisa. As emoções, por sua vez, não estão separadas do seu suporte, seu veículo expressivo, o corpo. Estas, em sociologia ou antropologia, frutos da observação e análise das relações sociais, também não podem ser tratadas como substância, entidade que antecipa ou contradiz as ações humanas, mas sim como uma dimensão da vida afetiva que se modifica constantemente por conta da infinidade de possibilidades de interação humana. Nos interstícios dos corpos e das emoções, a noção de risco nos revela as incertezas da existência individual que sempre oscila entre a vulnerabilidade e a segurança, o impulso e a sensatez. A fim de desnaturalizar e relativizar tais noções, este dossiê apresenta artigos derivados de diferentes abordagens teóricas e metodológicas empreendidas por pesquisadores do Brasil, Argentina, México e França.
Seasonal performance of aquatic macrophytes in improving physicochemical parameters of swine wastewater
Authors: Pinaffi C. D. , Scandelai A. P. J. , Santos C. H.
Published: December 2019

Abstract Swine wastewaters (SW) present organic load and nutrient content, what have caused degradation of water quality in many watercourses. Thus, the aquatic macrophytes represent an alternative for the depollution of these wastewaters, due to the high recovery power. The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of the Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms, Pistia stratiotes L. and Salvinia auriculata Aubl. in improving the physicochemical targets of SW, as well as to quantify the total ammoniacal nitrogen (NH4+) and total phosphorus (total P) in the plant tissue of the macrophytes and the dry matter biomass (DMB) in two seasons of the year (spring and winter). The experiment was designed in a randomized block design, with 4 treatments (T) with 4 replicates: T1 = Control (without plants); T2 = E. crassipes; T3 = P. stratiotes; and T4 = S. auriculata, submitted to a SW diluted in 50% water. The monitoring is done in tanks during a period of 30 days of each season. Electrical conductivity (EC), dissolved oxygen (DO), turbidity, NH4+ and dissolved phosphorus (P) were analyzed in the SW. In the plants, the contents of NH4+, total P and DMB were determined. It was verified that, in the spring, the plants showed higher production of DMB and a more significant reduction of EC, NH4+ and P, when compared to the plants managed in the SW in the winter. E. crassipes was more efficient at removing P (39%) and total NH4+ (80.2%), and EC reducing (92%) of SW and DMB production in the spring. The results demonstrated that the NH4+ uptake by E. crassipes contributed to a considerable removal of NH4+ and P from SW.