bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Health status of children under three years of age residing in the slums of Rajkot city, Gujarat, India
Authors:   Assistant Professor Department of Community Medicine, P.D.U. Govt. Medical College, Rajkot-360007, India, Banerjee Anupam , Patel Umed ,   Associate Professor; Department of Community Medicine, P.D.U. Govt. Medical College, Rajkot-360007, India, Verma Pramod ,   Additional Project Director, Gujarat State AIDS Control Society, Ahmedabad-380016, India, Viramgami Ankit ,   Surveillance Medical Officer, World Health Organization, National Polio Surveillance Project, Shahjahanpur, India, Vala Mayur ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Community Medicine, Gujarat Medical Education Research Society Medical College, Patan, North Gujarat, India
Published: March 2022

Background: Slums areas of a city are high risk areas for various disease transmissions. Maternal and child heath indicators among slum dwellers show that their health status is two to three times worse than those in the other urban areas. Aims and Objectives: This study was designed to assess the health status and utilization of various health services among the children less than three years of age, residing in the slums of Rajkot city. Study Design: This was a part of a Multi Indicator Cluster survey conducted in the slums of Rajkot city. Setting: This cross sectional study covered 30 slums out of 257 slums designated in the geographical limits of the Rajkot Municipal Corporation. Materials and Methods: A 30 cluster sampling technique was employed using participation proportionate to size method. Each slum area was designated as a cluster. In stage one 30 clusters were selected proportionate to their size. In second stage 60 households were selected from each cluster. Statistics: The data was analyzed using Epi Info Software Version 3.3.2 Results: A total of 344 children less than three years of age were found in the 1800 households surveyed. The under three sex ratio was 965.71. The prevalence of low birth weight was 19.9%. The complete vaccination coverage in children between one to two years of age was 68.2%. Vitamin A coverage among the eligible children during the August 2010 round of the biannual Vitamin A campaign was 44.2%. Exclusive breast feeding in children less than six months of age was 81.8%. Registration of the children in the Mamta Sessions (Health and Nutrition Day) and in the local Anganwadi centre was 41%. There were 13.7% children who had presence of any morbidity during the survey. Conclusions: The study found that special focus needs to be given on the increasing the enrollment of the children in the Mamta Divas sessions as well as in the local anganwadis. Focus should also be given on improving the quality of health care offered to the beneficiaries in these centers.
Duodenal ulcer complicated with choledochoduodenal fistula and pneumobilia in a young child: A very rare case report
Authors:   Senior Resident, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences (SKIMS), Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir-190011, India, Wani Sajad A , Mufti Gowhar N ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences (SKIMS), Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir-190011, India, Bhat Nisar A ,   Professor, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences (SKIMS), Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir-190011, India, Baba Aejaz A ,   Associate Professor, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences (SKIMS), Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir-190011, India, Khursheed Sheikh ,   Professor, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences (SKIMS), Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir-190011, India
Published: March 2022

Spontaneous pneumobilia is the disease of elderly, usually results from abnormal biliary-enteric communication mostly as a consequence of cholelithiasis related gall bladder perforation in to the normal duodenum. Pneumobilia due to choledochoduodenal fistula (CDF) from duodenal ulcer is quite rare nowadays due to the low prevalence of peptic ulcer disease and has not been reported in children. We reported a case of duodenal ulcer related CDF with pneumobilia in a young child. Medical management is effective in such cases and surgery is indicated in cases of poorly controlled symptoms or complications.
How Laparoscopic cholecystectomy can be made near hundred percent Safe
Authors:   Professor, Department of Surgery, Kalpana Chawla Government Medical College, Karnal, Haryana-132001, India, Goyal Sunder
Published: March 2022

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy was introduced by Erich Muhe in 1985 and it has gained worldwide acceptance within a short period of time to become the gold standard treatment for cholelithiasis. The incidence of bile duct injuries have definitely increased compared with the open technique due to new procedure involving “Hand & Eye Coordination”. No doubt with subsequent improvements in the equipment and training in the laparoscopy, the incidence of these injuries has decreased. However, worldwide incidence of Common Bile Duct (CBD) injury has remained fairly constant around 0.5%, as reported in literature. Even in the United States, 34 to 49% of surgeons have caused a major bile duct injury with an individual experience of one to two such cases. Bile duct injuries affect the quality of human life because these injuries often demand several invasive procedures and subsequent surgeries. These patients continue to have a higher incidence of death as compared with those who have an uncomplicated cholecystectomy. There is a major increase in healthcare expenses associated with the complications.
A new strategy of management for newborns in a neonatal care unit: A succesful experience from Morocco
Authors:   Service de Médecine et Réanimation Néonatales, Centre National de Néonatologie et Nutrition, Hôpital d’Enfants, Centre Hospitalier Ibn Sina, bd Ibn Rochd, Souissi 10100, Rabat, Morocco, Radouani M. A. ,   Equipe de Recherche en Santé et Nutrition du Couple Mère Enfant, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie de Rabat, Université Mohammed V, Morocco, Chahid N. ,   Service de Médecine et Réanimation Néonatales, Centre National de Néonatologie et Nutrition, Hôpital d’Enfants, Centre Hospitalier Ibn Sina, bd Ibn Rochd, Souissi 10100, Rabat, Morocco,   Equipe de Recherche en Santé et Nutrition du Couple Mère Enfant, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie de Rabat, Université Mohammed V, Morocco, Taboz Y. ,   Unité Mixte de Recherche en Nutrition et Alimentation URAC 39, Université Ibn tofail-CNESTEN, RDC-Nutrition AFRA/AIEA, Kénitra, Morocco, Benkirane H. ,   Unité Mixte de Recherche en Nutrition et Alimentation URAC 39, Université Ibn tofail-CNESTEN, RDC-Nutrition AFRA/AIEA, Kénitra, Morocco, Aguenaou H. ,   Unité Mixte de Recherche en Nutrition et Alimentation URAC 39, Université Ibn tofail-CNESTEN, RDC-Nutrition AFRA/AIEA, Kénitra, Morocco, Barkat A. ,   Service de Médecine et Réanimation Néonatales, Centre National de Néonatologie et Nutrition, Hôpital d’Enfants, Centre Hospitalier Ibn Sina, bd Ibn Rochd, Souissi 10100, Rabat, Morocco,   Equipe de Recherche en Santé et Nutrition du Couple Mère Enfant, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie de Rabat, Université Mohammed V, Morocco
Published: March 2022

Aim of the study: To evaluate if the readmission rates of newborns treated in our unit has been affected by the introduction of new protocols. Materials and Methods: two groups were compared: Group A: newborns readmitted during the period from January 2010 to May 2011, Group B: newborns readmitted during the period from June 2011 until December 2012. Epidemiological data and settings of rehospitalization were collected on a standardized form, the reasons for rehospitalization, and evolution. Results: 105 were readmitted during the first four months of life , the rate of readmission was 1.8%. The difference is not significant between the two periods. The main reasons for readmission are nosocomial infection in 77% and 65% of premature groups A and B respectively, feeding difficulties with dehydration and weight loss, and viral infections in 31% and 21% of premature groups A and B respectively. The death rate was reduced in premature infants in group B (5.8%) compared to preterms of group A (23%). Conclusion: In our study the introduction of a new protocol support has a considerable gain in the number of patients treated, and the mortality reduction without affecting the rates of rehospitalisation.
Iatrogenic airway trauma: A systematic review
Authors:   Associate Professor, Department of ENT, Pondicherry Institute of Medical Sciences, Kalapet, Puducherry- 605014, India, Poduval Jayita Das , Ali Ihab E ,   Associate Professor ORL H&N, Taylor’s Clinical School of Medicine, Selangor, Malaysia
Published: March 2022

Introduction: iatrogenic airway trauma is very common in the modern era due to the increased use of endotracheal intubation. Research in this regard has mainly been in documenting such trauma in operation theatres and critical care centers. However, the results of such research have not percolated down to the multidisciplinary teams managing patients in such settings. Methodology: systematic review of the literature using both electronic and manual searches, synthesis of results and recommendations for optimum care. Results: About 70,000 studies on iatrogenic airway trauma were found from various sources without language restriction. 12,000 full text articles and abstracts in English were found, out of which 7,000 were full text. Due to the logistics involved, 16 full text articles on PubMed were finally analyzed. Conclusions: Iatrogenic airway trauma is common but remains poorly detected and managed. This is mainly due to the lack of multidisciplinary cooperation. Patients suffering from the consequences of such trauma have a poor quality of life.
A one year trend of blood loss during transurethral resection of the prostate as seen at urology department, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Center in Moshi, Tanzania: Do we avoid unnecessary blood transfusion?
Authors:   Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, P.O.Box 2240, Moshi, Tanzania., Swai Aneth , Nyongole Obadia V ,   Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, P.O.Box 65001,Dar es Salaam, Tanzania., Mteta Alfred Kien ,   Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, P.O.Box 2240, Moshi, Tanzania.
Published: March 2022

Background: Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) remains the Gold Standard surgical treatment of Benign Prostate Enlargement. Hemorrhage during and after TURP can lead to significant morbidity and occasionally prove fatal. Objective: Our study aimed to evaluate the trend of blood loss in transurethral resection of the prostate for patients who presented with benign prostate enlargement at Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Center (KCMC), Tanzania. Methods: This was a one year hospital based descriptive, retrospective study conducted by using a structured data collecting tool. The data were analyzed using SPSS software. Results: A total of 72 case notes ofpatients treated for Benign prostate enlargement by TURP in a period of one year were enrolled and reviewed, all of them were operated underregional spinal anesthesia of which 36.1% had prostate weight ranging from 61-80 followed by31.9% with 41-60grams, few patients had prostate weight less than 40 grams. Majority of the patients, 63(86.7%) with prostate weight above 41 grams had more blood loss accompanied with prolonged resection time of more than 60 minutes compared with those with prostate weight less than 40grams. Most of our patients 49(68.1%)were transfused one to two unit(s) of whole blood depending on indication(s). Conclusion: Blood loss during TURP is correlated positively with the increase in prostate weight and resection time although the type of anesthesia might influence blood loss.
Intravenous vitamin b – complex and ferrous dextrane in malaria induced anemia: a single center prospective study
Authors:   Life for Africa Clinic P. O. Box 533 Mbarara, Kiyonza, Rakai District– Uganda, Unim Hans
Published: March 2022

Background: In sub - Saharan Africa countries Plasmodium falciparum malaria is the most important parasitic disease. Accordingly, malaria induced anemia is one of the main public health burden. Treatment for anemia depends on severity and cause. In severe cases a blood transfusion may be necessary. Blood supplies in Africa are not able to meet the demand and this often leads to high maternal and child mortality rates in the continent. Also, it has been estimated that 5 – 10% of HIV transmission in Africa is brought by contaminated blood transfusions. Aim of the Study: Was to explore the hemoglobin increase, clinical benefits and safety of intravenous administration of vitamin B – complex and ferrous dextrane combination in patients with acute moderate to severe malaria induced anemia in rural African setting. Methods: With the hypothesis of obtaining a hemoglobin increase of ≥ 1g/dl in at least 50% of patients, 89 patients were included in the study after diagnosis of malaria and moderate to severe anemia (Hb: 6 – 10 g/dl) was confirmed. Patients were treated twice daily for three consecutive days. Statistics: Analysis were undertaken on perprotocol basis. Wilcoxon rank test was used to compare the average hemoglobin value at baseline and end of treatment course. Correlation between patients’ age and average hemoglobin increase was assessed by Spearman’s rank correlation test. All tests were two-tailed and significance was reported at the 5% level. Results: 49 patients (55%) showed a treatment response, 21 (23,6%) improved clinically and 19 (21,3%) failed to respond to the treatment. The difference was found statistically significant. Average hemoglobin concentration at the end of treatment was found higher than baseline and the difference was considered statistically very significant (9 g/dl vs. 8 g/dl; p < 0,0001). Conclusion: The results of the present study show that this treatment should be considered a useful first line intervention in healthcare settings, especially in rural sub Saharan Africa where blood transfusion is a hardly available option.
Seasonal Hyperacute Panuveitis (SHAPU)
Authors: Gurung Nanda Kumari
Published: March 2022

IntroductionSHAPU is a mysterious disease seen and reported only from Nepal since 1975. It is an important cause of unilateralchildhood blindness and is the most devastating intraocular inflammatory disease leading to loss of sight within a week. Although initially presented as a case report at a Nepal prevention of blindness meeting in 1978 and reported in national journal Malla O, editor Endophthalmitis probably caused by Tussock moth. Report of the preceding of the first National seminar on Prevention of Blindness: 1978.Upadhyan MP: Eye problems of Nepalese Children in 1979.Now there are more than 10 published articles available in the Website.
Single Layer versus Double Layer Technique for Intestinal Anastomosis: A Comparative Study
Authors: Adhikari Bimarsh
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Intestinal anastomosis is a surgical procedure executed to ascertain communication between two segments of the intestine, after the removal of pathology affecting the bowel. It depends on factors like anastomosis site, bowel capability and the type of the pathogenesis.
Aims: To compare single versus double layer method in terms of time taken for anastomosis, hospital stay, post-operative leak and cost effectiveness.
Methods: This is a comparative hospital based study carried out at the department of surgery Nepalgunj Medical College from September 2017 to August 2020. Patients requiring emergency laparotomy with resection and anastomosis of small bowel were included. Patients requiring colonic anastomosis, diversion stoma and multiple anastomoses were excluded. Patients were divided in to two groups- single layer and double layer group. Each group was compared for outcome measures like time taken to construct the anastomosis, hospital stay, post-operative leak and cost of surgery.
Results: The total number of patients was 50. The mean age was 45.57±17.42 years for single layer and 48.67±18.16 years for double layer group. Time taken for intestinal anostomosis in single and double layer were 18.28±5.08 and 25.27±6.18 respectively which was statistically significant (p - <0.012). Hospital stay was 10.9±1.43 in single layer and 11.2±1.87 which was statistically not significant (p - >0.342). Similarly, the anastomosis leak was seen in 2 patients in single layer and 3 in double layer. Which was statistically not significant (p - >0.318). While comparing the cost effectiveness single layer technique was cost effective.
Conclusion: The single layer anastomosis is a preferable, safe and economic technique in comparison to the conventional double layered anastomosis.
Comparative Study between Conservative Management and Appendectomy in Appendicular Lump in Children
Authors: Khan Feeroz Alam , Paudel Nabin , Maharjan Prabir
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Acute appendicitis is the most common presentation in the pediatric emergency department. Presentation ranges from mild inflammation to perforation and peritonitis. Frequently, patients present late with lump formation. Traditionally, an appendicular lump is managed conservatively followed by interval appendectomy six weeks later when the inflammation has resolved.
Aims: This study was designed to evaluate the outcome of early appendectomy in cases of appendicular lump and their complications compared to the conventional method of conservative management followed by interval appendectomy.
Methods: A prospective comparative study was conducted between November 2018 and October 2021. All the patients with appendicular lump of up to 7 days duration diagnosed clinically or by ultrasonography were randomly divided into two groups. Group I patients were conservatively managed as per the Ochsner-Sherren regimen. Patients in Group II were operated within 24 hours of admission. Mean operative time was recorded in each case. Complications following the respective interventions were observed.
Results: Sixty-two patients of which 42 males and 20 females were diagnosed to have an appendicular lump. The age of the patients ranged from seven to 15 years. Duration of onset ranged from three to seven days at the time of presentation in the emergency room. All the patients in Group I except two patients underwent conservative management. There were four readmissions among Group I patients and one in Group II. The average operating time was 67 minutes for patients undergoing open appendectomy. Complications following surgery were more in patients presenting with history of over five days duration. Group I patients had a comparatively greater number of hospital admission days compared to Group II (7.1 and 4.8 days).
Conclusion: The appendicular lump can be explored early as it confirms the diagnosis, shortens the financial burden and hospital stay and avoids follow-up visits for interval surgery.
The necessity of a modern approach to criminal investigation of organized crime
Authors: Jamaković Azra
Published: March 2022

Since organized and other forms of crime are liable to change, modernisation and adaptation to specific social conditions, this phenomenon also requires some changes, but this time in the approach used in its detection, prevention, or proof. The primary reason for the selection of this topic is to draw the attention of the scientific society to the importance of expanding existing scientific and professional knowledge in the field of the criminal investigation of organized crime. Continuous and accelerated development of organized crime should be accompanied by the simultaneous development and improvement of tactical approaches to the investigation of this socially negative phenomenon. This article is primarily aimed at pointing out the importance of continuous improvement of traditional, classical, or methods in use, but also the development of new and modern activities that are used to combat organized crime. In addition to the conceptual definition and presentation of the elements that characterise organized crime, the author emphasises the importance of modernisation or improvement of the traditional investigation approach and presents a significant contemporary approach in the criminal investigation of organized crime. There is no success and progress in combating organized crime without proactive investigation, modern technologies, intelligence gathering, and special investigative measures. It should be noted that organized crime in most cases expands its activities to two or more countries, i.e., achieves cross-border activities that require international cooperation (criminal, police, inter-agency). The value of international police cooperation is also reflected in the fact that organized crime operates across national boundaries, does not choose society or state. Accordingly, it would be much more effective for judicial, police, and other competent authorities to remove any kind of obstacles, barriers and raise up international co-operation to the highest level, to establish an effective system for combating organized crime.
Public opinion about electronic voting in Europe as illustrated by YouTube
Authors: Fedorov Vladislav
Published: March 2022

The article presents the results of the analysis of the political news about electronic voting published on YouTube. The purpose of the research is to reveal an attitude towards electronic voting that is formed in YouTube videos, because it is a powerful channel for forming public opinion. In the focus of attention there are four countries that have made the electronic voting a widely used practice (Belgium, Estonia, Switzerland and Russia). The author bases his research on the hypothesis that the decision of a voter to take part or not to take part in elections will be influenced by the information he or she has learnt about electronic voting from the news – especially attitudes towards the voting, expressed by other users of YouTube. The research results demonstrate that in Belgium the electronic voting is treated neutrally, while in Estonia and Switzerland it is positively regarded. As for Russia, the attitude is negative
Bioequivalence of Two Formulations of Amoxicillin in Human Healthy Volunteers on (HPLC) Technique
Authors: K. Jabbar Alhamd Alaa
Published: March 2022

Amoxicillin is commercially available in the form of capsules and tablets containing 250mg or 500mg for oral administration. It is also available in the form of suspension containing "25mg/mlâ€ . Amoxicillin is presently used as the most common antibiotics .Ten healthy Human volunteers were characterized respected to their pharmacokinetic and bioavailability of two formulations of Amoxicillin from two sources of  industrial companies  after a single dose administration was given orally. A procedure is described for determination the concentration levels of Amoxicillin in human plasma of healthy volunteers using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with reversed-phase isocratic column at low wave length of UV-visible detection "230nm". An efficient drug extraction procedure was used for the separation of Amoxicillin after simple extraction with cold methanol using ODS-C18-DB column. The pharmacokinetic 500mg of Amoxicillin capsule orally administrated treatment through 10 hours  has been examined.  The  Amoxicillin  was eluted  for "10.0 minutes" at flow Rate "1.5ml/min." and Temperature equal to 298 K .The retention time of Amoxicillin was observed at 7.0 minutes. The mean absolute recovery of Amoxicillin in blood plasma of all healthy volunteers were 94.1% at 1.0ppm, 102% at 5.0ppm, 103% at 10.0ppm 102% at 20ppm, 99.3% at 40ppm and 104% at 50ppm respectively. The assay showed excellent relationships between area under the curve ratios and drug concentration levels (P>0.002) .Oral Amoxicillin administration in ten healthy volunteers gave maximum concentration peak plasma at two hours and decline through ten hours. Treatment with Iraqi formulation Amoxicillin produced higher area under the curve â€œAUCâ€ and maximum concentration â€œC (max)â€ of Amoxicillin than Indian formulation.

Key word: Amoxicillin, Bioequivalence, ODS -DB column.
Gravimetric Estimation of Caffeine in Different Commercial Kinds of Tea Found in the Iraqi Market
Authors: N. Hamad Maha , A. Abdul-Hussain Dhuha
Published: March 2022

Caffeine (1,3,7-trimethylxanthine), which is the most widely consumed stimulant in the world, had been isolated and estimated gravimetrically in fifteen  different commercial kinds of tea found in the Iraqi market.The kinds of tea were chosen according to their differences in the degree of fermentation and the method of processing i.e. black , gray and  green . The isolated caffeine was identified by melting point, sublimation, TLC, chemical tests, UV , IR , HPLC and CHNO analysis.                                                                                                              

Key words: Caffeine, Purine, tea.
Advancing a Competency-Based Mixed Methods Tool to Assess a Course-Based Service-Learning Model Integrating Real-World Experience
Authors: Hou Su-I
Published: March 2022

Abstract: Given increasingly complex societal issues such as global aging, evaluators must develop essential competencies responding to the messiness of reality. This practice note advances an argument for the inclusion of service learning as a form of experiential learning that engages learners in hands-on practice with guided reflection, and shares a competency-based mixed methods (MM) tool for generating learning evidence in a course-based service-learning model. I aligned key design elements with pedagogical approaches with evaluation competencies. Competency-based guidance is critical to ensure effective assessment and quality course delivery. I conclude with lessons learned for integration of MM within program evaluation education.
A Framework to Combine Mixed Methods Integration and Developmental Evaluation to Study Complex Systems
Authors: MacGregor Stephen , Cooper Amanda
Published: March 2022

Abstract: This article considers the opportunities and challenges of mixed methods integration within the context of conducting developmental evaluations with diverse stakeholders. The article proposes a four-part planning framework that explicitly maps the eight principles of developmental evaluation to key questions about integration: Why integrate? What will be integrated? When and how will integration occur? The framework is used to explore and compare two large-scale evaluations that employed mixed methods integration. Ultimately, the work illustrates a need to balance data collection with the momentum of moving initiatives forward, check assumptions about stakeholder co-creation, and cultivate integration literacy.
Estudo do Ponto em Jogo
Authors: Silva Rodrigo Rafael de Souza Ferreira da , Oliveira Marcia Martins de
Published: March 2022

O presente artigo, motivado pela dificuldade dos alunos de Ensino Médio em compreender os conteúdos da Geometria Descritiva, busca responder à seguinte pergunta: um jogo digital para smartphones poderia auxiliar na compreensão do estudo do ponto? Por tratar-se de conteúdo que serve de base para conceitos mais abstratos da Geometria Descritiva, a dificuldade nesse conteúdo pode gerar lacunas que impactarão nas teorias mais complexas seguintes. Este trabalho versa sobre os resultados parciais de uma pesquisa de mestrado, em andamento, que visa analisar como professores do Ensino Médio percebem a relevância de um jogo digital para o estudo do ponto. Desse modo, apresentam-se aqui as teorias norteadoras do projeto de jogo adotando-se os conceitos de ludicidade, aprendizagem baseada em jogos e as aprendizagens significativa e distraída. Os conceitos do estudo do ponto serão sucintamente expostos para que o leitor possa, a seguir, compreender a contextualização e a dinâmica do jogo. Nesse estudo de caso, sete recém-egressos do ensino médio da instituição que sediou a pesquisa foram convidados a avaliar “Frogo, o Jogo do Estudo do Ponto”. Assim, após usufruírem do game, os participantes responderam anonimamente a um formulário eletrônico com perguntas avaliativas abertas e fechadas. Os resultados obtidos nessa consulta inicial indicam que Frogo pode ser um recurso pedagógico digital motivador para os estudantes nativos digitais com potencial para contribuir com um aprendizado divertido e servir de incentivo para o surgimento de projetos como esse que aspirem por um paradigma educacional menos tradicional.
Uso do plasma rico em plaquetas no tratamento de tendinites na medicina equina
Authors: Dal Más Felipe , Debiage Rafael Rostirolla , Bär Matheus Morillo , Silva Marilene Machado
Published: March 2022

Tendonitis is a common disease of athlete horses that has high rates of treatment failure, leading to relapses and early interruptions of the animal's athletic activities. Thus, in search of the best options for the treatment of these lesions, platelet rich plasma (PRP) has been used. PRP is a model that contains several therapeutic factors, which increase vascularization, modify the inflammatory response, increase collagen deposition and fiber organization, resulting in a better tendon healing process. The obtaining methods have been studied, but there isn’t consensus on the most apropriated, mainly because the varying the speed and centrifugation force, and the components present in the PRP. The application of PRP is performed intra or perilesional and may be associated with ultrasound to facilitate application in the correct place. The optimal time and optimal frequency of administration are not yet well defined, but the best results have been applied in the acute phase of the lesion, and single administration is the most common practice. Given this, PRP shows as a good alternative for the treatment of tendonitis in horses, being cheap, safe and able to reduce relapses and accelerate the return as the animal's athletic activities.
Helmintos em pinguins–de–magalhães (Spheniscus magellanicus) resgatados no litoral do estado do Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Mutzenbecher Luisa
Published: March 2022

The Magellanic Penguin (Spheniscus magellanicus) is a seabird that has presented a reduction in the number of individuals in natural colonies, so it is important to collect information on parasitosis and other pathologies, which may affect this species, as well as the integration of conservation initiatives. The objective of this study was to evaluate the helminth fauna of Magellanic Penguins, body condition score and macroscopic lesions in animals collected on the coast of the State of Rio de Janeiro. Postmortem examinations of 41 specimens of Magellanic Penguins were performed, with a prevalence of 82.9% (34/41) of penguins parasitized by at least one helminth species. All penguins were young and 95.1% (39/41) had a poor run, 24.4% (10/41) were good and 4.9% (2/41) were regular. Among the positive ones, 29.4% (10/34) contained some type of anthropogenic residue in the stomach and only 2,9% (1/34) had oil stain on the feathers.
Report on the incidences of skeletal anomalies in three fish species from Bonny tributary (Niger delta), Nigeria
Authors: Ugbomeh A.P. , Jawad L.A. , Frank J.J. , Akani G.C.
Published: March 2022

Three cases of skeletal anomalies in fishes Elops lacerta Valenciennes, 1847 (family Elopidae), Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758) (Cichlidae) and Arius latiscutatus Günther, 1864 (Ariidae) collected in the Elechi Creek, a tributary of the Bonny River (Niger delta) were reported for the first time in the present study. The anomalies are pugheadness, complete absence of pelvic fins and deformed dorsal, pectoral and pelvic fins. Three specimens of E. lacerta have shown the case of pugheadness but at different levels of severity. The specimen of O. niloticus showed a complete absence of the pelvic fins. Externally, the area where the bases of the pelvic fins should be found (underneath the pectoral fins) showed a normal scale covering (in scale form and size). Internally and by using radiography, no trace of the pelvic fins and the basipterygia were observed. The specimen of A. latiscutatus showed severe deformation of the finrays of the dorsal, pectoral and ventral fins. The spines of the pectoral and dorsal fins were also deformed. Pollution from Port Harcourt appears to be causing the skeletal deformities described.
Administracja publiczna jako zjawisko prawne
Authors: Wrzosek Stanisław
Published: March 2022

Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie pozycji administracji publicznej w strukturze współczesnego państwa i nauki administracji wśród innych dyscyplin naukowych. Przedmiotem badawczym artykułu jest administracja publiczna ukazana – zgodnie z założeniami nauki administracji – jako organizacja będąca rodzajem systemu. Tak rozumiana administracja jest potraktowana jako zjawisko prawne. Istota administracji, niezależnie od przemian zachodzących w państwie, opiera się bowiem na zasadzie legalności. Oznacza to, że jej struktura i formy działania są ściśle związane przepisami prawa. Na ten system administracji publicznej oddziałują różnorodne elementy jej otoczenia zewnętrznego. Otoczenie wewnętrzne administracji jest także bardzo zróżnicowane. W artykule zostało wskazane, że administracja publiczna, pomimo iż jest obiektem zainteresowania różnorodnych dyscyplin naukowych, jest przede wszystkim obiektem zainteresowania badawczego w ramach dziedziny nauk prawnych. Pierwszym podstawowym wnioskiem wyciągniętym z rozważań zawartych w artykule jest wskazanie, że ze względu na związanie administracji prawem i możliwość stosowania tylko tych form działania, które określa prawo, podstawową dyscypliną, w ramach której należy analizować zagadnienia funkcjonowania administracji, jest dyscyplina „nauki prawne”. Na tej podstawie wysnuty jest drugi wniosek, że naukę administracji należy traktować jako subdyscyplinę nauk prawnych. Jest to subdyscyplina naukowa, która wykorzystując osiągnięcia z zakresu pozaprawnych dyscyplin naukowych, będzie analizowała skuteczność i celowość działania administracji, ale w oparciu o granice wyznaczone przez prawo.
Na peryferiach choroby i cierpienia
Authors: Fiejdasz-Buczek Lidia
Published: March 2022

Autorka, przyjmując za punkt wyjścia nauczanie papieża Franciszka w czasie pandemii COVID-19 na temat doświadczenia choroby, cierpienia i śmierci oraz zachętę, by w tym trudnym czasie czerpać wzory do naśladowania z przykładów świętych i błogosławionych, postawiała tezę: czy w prowadzonych aktualnie przez Kongregację Spraw Kanonizacyjnych procesach kanonizacyjnych odnajdziemy postaci, które mogą inspirować osoby dotknięte chorobą i cierpieniem? Czy Kongregacja prowadzi jakieś procesy kanonizacyjne lekarzy, pielęgniarek i personelu medycznego? Spośród ponad 3,5 tysiąca męczenników i wyznawców dokonała wyboru kilkudziesięciu postaci czasowo najbliższych współczesnemu człowiekowi (z XX i XXI w.), aby ukazać walor eklezjalny (momentum ecclesiale) ich spraw. Posługując się metodą dogmatyczno-prawną oraz teologiczno-prawną, Autorka wykazała, że w orzecznictwie Kongregacji wzory do naśladowania odnajdą ludzie w każdym wieku i stanie, dotknięci nieuleczalną chorobą (jak bł. Carlo Acutis, Alexia González-Barros, czy bł. Nuncjusz Sulprizio), niepełnosprawnością (jak ks. Alojzy Schwartz), różnorakim cierpieniem (Benedetta Bianchi Porro). Wśród czcigodnych sług Bożych, świętych i błogosławionych są twórcy dzieł służących ochronie zdrowia (św. Matka Teresa z Kalkuty, św. Maria Teresa Chiramel Mankidiyan, bł. ks. Luigi Novarese, bł. Matka Róża Czacka, Urszula Mezzini, bł. bp Álvaro del Portillo), lekarze (np. Mariano Mullerat i Soldevila) i pielęgniarki różnych specjalizacji (Hanna Chrzanowska), położne, pielęgniarz Luigi Bordino, studenci medycyny (np. bł. Sandra Sabattini), ochotniczki Czerwonego Krzyża (María Pilar Gullón Yturriaga, Octavia Iglesias Blanco, Olga Pérez-Monteserín Núñez), profesorowie medycyny (bł. José Gregorio Hernández Cisneros, Jérôme Lejeune), pracujący w warunkach epidemii (bł. Irene Stefani, ks. Saturnino López Novoa i in.). Są to osoby bardzo nowoczesne, zasłużone dla współczesnej nauki, kandydaci do Pokojowej Nagrody Nobla (Alojzy Schwartz) oraz jej laureaci (Jan Paweł II, Matka Teresa z Kalkuty). Wszyscy wyróżniali się głęboką wiarą, praktyką cnót w stopniu heroicznym, zwłaszcza triadą nadziei, miłości i wiary. Z zapałem wychodzili na peryferie, by nieść ulgę cierpiącym. W ich osobach Kościół świętuje „kreatywność chrześcijańskiego miłosierdzia”.
N. N. Luzin at the Crossroads of the Events in European History of the First Half of the 20th Century
Authors: Demidov Sergey
Published: March 2022

A prominent Russian mathematician Nikolai Nikolaevich Luzin (1883– 1950) lived in a very difficult period of Russian history: two world wars, two 1917 revolutions in Russia, the Bolsheviks’ coming to power, the Civil War of 1917–1922, and the construction of a new type of state, accompanied by mass terror that impacted all the strata of Soviet society. It was against the backdrop of these dramatic events that the process of Luzin’s formation and flourishing as a scientist and founder of one of the leading mathematical schools of the 20th century, the Moscow school of function theory that became one of the cornerstones in the foundation of the Soviet mathematical school, took place. Two periods can be distinguished in Luzin’s work: the first period was devoted to the problems of the metric theory of functions and culminated in his famous dissertation “The Integral and the Trigonometric Series” (1915), and the second period was mainly devoted to the development of problems in the theory of analytic sets. The implication of Luzin’s research was the problem of the structure of the arithmetic continuum that became the ultimate purpose of his work. Fortune favored the scientist: the complicated turns of history he happened to be involved in did not hinder, and sometimes even facilitated, the successful development of his studies. Even the catastrophe that descended upon him in 1936, “the case of Academician Luzin,” even though it had put an end to the normal development of his creative thought, ended with a smoothest possible outcome for him.
Efektifitas Partisipasi Masyarakat Dalam Pembentukan Peraturan Daerah Provinsi Sumatera Barat
Authors: Iswari Fauzi , Jayuska Rizki
Published: March 2022

Pasal 96 Ayat 1 UU no 12 Tahun 2011 tentang Pembentukan Peraturan PerundangUndangan yang menyebutkan: Masyarakat berhak memberikan masukan secara lisan dan/atau tertulis dalam Pembentukan Peraturan Perundang-undangan. Hak masyarakat untuk berpartisipasi secara langsung akan mengubah relasi antara masyarakat dan pemerintahan daerah dalam proses pembentukan peraturan perundang-undangan. Hal ini untuk menjamin bahwa peraturan daerah yang disusun akan mengakomodir kepentingan publik serta tidak akan merugikan masyarakat. Namun pada kenyataannya Peraturan Daerah Sumatera Barat, dengan problematika lapangannya, belum manjadikan partisipasi masyarakat sebagai mitra strategis dalam pembentukan peraturan daerah Adapun Tujuan Penelitian, Untuk mengetahui Efektifitas Partsipasi Masyarakat dalam pembentukan peraturan daerah Provinsi Sumatera Barat. Untuk mengetahui keterlibatan partisipasi masyarakat dalam pembentukan peraturan daerah provinsi sumatera barat Metode penelitian tentang Efektifitas Partisipasi Masyarakat Dalam Pembentukan Peraturan Daerah Provinsi Sumatera Barat ini menggunakan jenis penelitian empiris secara kualitatif. Penelitian ini bertujuan memberikan masukan kepada pemerintahan daerah Provinsi Sumatera Barat dalam mengevaluasi rancangan Perda yang akan diterapkan di Provinsi Sumbar.
Polemik Pemilihan Kepala Daerah Dengan Satu Pasangan Calon - Pasca Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi No. 100/PUU-XII/2015
Authors: Qoriroh Suha , Erliyana Anna
Published: March 2022

Putusan MK Nomor 100/PUU-XII/2015 soal calon tunggal pilkada tidak menjawab tuntas masalah, justru menimbulkan banyak permasalahan menyoal maraknya kemunculan calon tunggal di daerah. Penelitian ini akan mengkaji terkait bagaimana implikasi dan urgensi untuk merekonstruksi regulasi dalam menindaklanjuti putusan MK. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian Yuridis Normatif, dengan melakukan studi kepustakaan untuk mendapatkan bahan primer dan sekunder. penelitian ini menghasilkan bahwa keberadaan calon tunggal dalam pilkada sejatinya berbahaya bagi demokrasi, sebab calon tunggal mengandaikan tidak adanya kompetisi. Meskipun teknis pelaksanaan pilkada pasangan calon tunggal yang melawan kotak kosong telah dituangkan dalam PKPU, tetapi sampai saat ini belum ada regulasi yang memberikan kepastian bagaimana implikasi apabila terjadi kebuntuan dalam pelaksanaan pilkada calon tunggal.
KOMPETENSI PROFESIONAL GURU PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM DALAM MENGHADAPI TANTANGAN ERA REVOLUSI INDUSTRI 4.0 (STUDI KOMPARATIF DI SMP SEKECAMATAN LEMBAH MELINTANG KABUPATEN PASAMAN BARAT)
Authors: Rusdan Ayu Hidayati , Lahmi Ahmad , Rasyid Aguswan
Published: March 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan penguasaan guru terhadap konsep dan materi pembelajaran PAI di era revolusi industri 4.0 dan menganalisis sejauhmana guru PAI mengembangkan keprofesiannya melalui tindakan reflektif di era revolusi industri 4.0, serta mendeskripsikan pemanfaatan TIK dalam proses pembelajaran PAI oleh guru di era revolusi industri 4.0. Metode penelitian adalah metode kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Sedangkan prosedur analisis data dengan reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini menemukan tiga simpulan pokok, yaitu: pertama, penguasaan Guru terhadap konsep dan materi PAI di era revolusi industri 4.0.masih perlu ditingkatkan. Kedua, pengembangan keprofesiannya guru PAI melalui tindakan reflektif di era revolusi industri 4.0 telah dilakukan cukup baik oleh guru-guru PAI. Ketiga, pemanfaatan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi dalam pembelajaran di era revolusi industri 4.0 sudah terlihat cukup bagus.

Kata kunci: Profesional Guru, PAI, Era Revolusi Industri 4.0
PEMBELAJARAN PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM DI SEKOLAH DASAR: ANALISIS TERHADAP KOMPETENSI GURU, STRATEGI DAN KUALITAS HASIL
Authors: Hotmaida Hotmaida , Ritonga Mahyudin , Mursal Mursal
Published: March 2022

Pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam pada berbagai jenjang pendidikan masih dihadapkan pada problem terutama dari aspek kualitas hasil pembelajaran, penelitian ini akan menggambarkan kompetensi guru PAI, strategi pembelajaran yang digunakan serta kualitas hasil pembelajaran PAI di Sekolah Dasar. Untuk mencapai tujuan penelitian yang disebutkan di atas, dalam penelitian ini digunakan pendekatan kualitatif, sumber data terdiri dari kepala sekolah, pengawas dan beberapa orang siswa yang dipilih secara snowball. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan ialah observasi, wawancara, studi dokumentasi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa kompetensi guru PAI di SD Negeri 13 Seberang Padang mencakup kompetensi professional, kepribadian. Sementara strategi yang digunakannya dalam mengajarkan pendidikan agama Islam sangat bervariasi, adapun kualitas hasil pembelajaran PAI di SD Negeri 13 Seberang Padang dapat dilihat dari prestasi yang dimiliki oleh peserta didik bidang pendidikan agama Islam.

Kata Kunci sertifikasi; Pendidikan Agama Islam; guru, siswa
IMPACTS OF BARRIER INSECTICIDE MIXTURES ON MOSQUITO, AEDES AEGYPTI AND NON-TARGET HONEY BEE, APIS MELLIFERA
Authors: Qualls Whitney , Moser Bettina , Pereira Roberto , Xue Rui-de , Koehler Philip
Published: March 2022

Four novel commercial insecticide mixtures, composed of pyrethroid and nicotinoid active ingredients, were evaluated in a series of experiments in the laboratory, semi-field and field to determine acute toxicity (LC50) against pyrethroid-susceptible (ORL1952) and resistant (Puerto Rico) strains of Aedes aegypti L., and non-target adult European honey bees, Apis mellifera L. The four products were Tandem, Temprid FX, Transport Mikron, and Crossfire. The acute toxicity data showed that pyrethroid-resistant Ae. aegypti PR exhibited decreased sensitivity to all 4 insecticide mixtures, compared to pyrethroid-susceptible Ae. aegypti ORL1952. Tandem, Temprid FX, and Transport Mikron were more toxic to Ae. aegypti ORL1952 than to A. mellifera, but Crossfire was the least toxic. Transport Mikron was also more toxic to Ae. aegypti PR than to A. mellifera. The Honey bee Tolerance Indexes, determined with LC50 data of pyrethroid-susceptible mosquitoes, demonstrated that while Transport Mikron, Tandem, and Temprid FX were more toxic to Ae. aegypti ORL1952 than to A. mellifera, Crossfire was less toxic. The honey bee Tolerance Indexes decreased substantially when calculated with LC50 data from pyrethroid- resistant mosquitoes, but honey bees remained tolerant of Transport Mikron. Notably, while the insecticide mixtures did not control the PR resistant Ae. aegypti strain when applied as residual sprays to perimeter vegetation at label rates, susceptible Ae. aegypti ORL1951 were controlled, but applications affected honeybees (A. mellifera) for up to 28 days after treatment. Temprid FX resulted in 74% and 99% mortality, in adult Ae. aegypti ORL1952 and A. mellifera, respectively, for 28 days post-treatment. Transport Mikron and Tandem residues killed Ae. aegypti ORL1952 for up to 21 days post-treatment, while the effect of Crossfire lasted only 14 days. All three insecticides killed A. mellifera for up to 28 days post-treatment but at decreased mortality rates. For operational mosquito control, these data indicate that Transport Mikron has a reasonable safety margin (~25%) when targeting susceptible mosquitoes, compared to Tandem, Temprid FX, and Crossfire. The tested insecticide formulations need to be applied in higher doses to control resistant strains of mosquitoes that may be detrimental to honey bees. The ULV data indicated that pyrethroid resistance can be overcome with the insecticide mixtures.