bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Advances in the treatment of diabetic peripheral neuropathy by modulating gut microbiota with traditional Chinese medicine
Authors: Li Ye-Yao , Guan Rui-Qian , Hong Zhi-Bo , Wang Yao-Lei , Pan Li-Min
Published: July 2024

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is one of the strongest risk factors for diabetic foot ulcers (neuropathic ulcerations) and the existing ulcers may further deteriorate due to the damage to sensory neurons. Moreover, the resulting numbness in the limbs causes difficulty in discovering these ulcerations in a short time. DPN is associated with gut microbiota dysbiosis. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) compounds such as Shenqi Dihuang Decoction, Huangkui Capsules and Qidi Tangshen Granules can reduce the clinical symptoms of diabetic nephropathy by modulating gut microbiota. The current review discusses whether TCM compounds can reduce the risk of DPN by improving gut mic-robiota.
Association between composite dietary antioxidant index and stroke among individuals with diabetes
Authors: Zhang Hong-Qiang , Shi Jie , Yue Tong , Weng Jia-Hao , Wang Xu-Lin , Wang Hao , Su Xiao-Yu , Zheng Xue-Ying , Luo Si-Hui , Ding Yu , Wang Chao-Fan
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND

Recent research has underscored the potentially protective role of dietary antioxidants against chronic conditions, such as cardiovascular diseases and stroke. The composite dietary antioxidant index (CDAI), which reflects the overall intake of key dietary antioxidants, has been identified as a crucial metric for exploring this relationship. Although previous research has shown a negative correlation between CDAI levels and stroke risk in prediabetic individuals, there remains a substantial gap in understanding this association among individuals with dia-betes, who are at an inherently greater risk for cerebrovascular events.

AIM

To investigate the association between CDAI and stroke risk in individuals with diabetes.

METHODS

Using a cross-sectional study design, this investigation analyzed data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey spanning from 2003 to 2018 that included 6735 participants aged over 20 years with diabetes. The CDAI was calculated from 24-h dietary recalls to assess intake of key antioxidants: Vitamins A, C, and E; carotenoids; selenium; and zinc. Multivariate logistic regression and restricted cubic spline analysis were used to rigorously examine the relationship between CDAI and stroke risk.

RESULTS

The participant cohort, with an average age of 59.5 years and a slight male majority, reflected the broader demographic characteristics of individuals with diabetes. The analysis revealed a strong inverse relationship between CDAI levels and stroke risk. Remarkably, those in the highest quintile of CDAI demonstrated a 43% lower prevalence of stroke compared to those in the lowest quintile, even after adjustments for various confounders. This finding not only highlights the negative association between CDAI and stroke risk but also underscores the significant potential of antioxidant-rich diets in reducing stroke prevalence among patients with diabetes.

CONCLUSION

Our findings suggested that CDAI was inversely associated with stroke prevalence among patients with diabetes. These results suggest incorporating antioxidant-rich foods into dietary regimens as a potential strategy for stroke prevention.
Intestinal glucagon-like peptide-1: A new player associated with impaired counterregulatory responses to hypoglycaemia in type 1 diabetic mice
Authors: Jin Fang-Xin , Wang Yan , Li Min-Ne , Li Ru-Jiang , Guo Jun-Tang
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND

Impaired hypoglycaemic counterregulation has emerged as a critical concern for diabetic patients who may be hesitant to medically lower their blood glucose levels due to the fear of potential hypoglycaemic reactions. However, the patho-genesis of hypoglycaemic counterregulation is still unclear. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and its analogues have been used as adjunctive therapies for type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). The role of GLP-1 in counterregulatory dys-function during hypoglycaemia in patients with T1DM has not been reported.

AIM

To explore the impact of intestinal GLP-1 on impaired hypoglycaemic counterregulation in type 1 diabetic mice.

METHODS

T1DM was induced in C57BL/6J mice using streptozotocin, followed by intraperitoneal insulin injections to create T1DM models with either a single episode of hypoglycaemia or recurrent episodes of hypoglycaemia (DH5). Immunofluorescence, Western blot, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were employed to evaluate the influence of intestinal GLP-1 on the sympathetic-adrenal reflex and glucagon (GCG) secretion. The GLP-1 receptor agonist GLP-1(7-36) or the antagonist exendin (9-39) were infused into the terminal ileum or injected intraperitoneally to further investigate the role of intestinal GLP-1 in hypoglycaemic counterregulation in the model mice.

RESULTS

The expression levels of intestinal GLP-1 and its receptor (GLP-1R) were significantly increased in DH5 mice. Consecutive instances of excess of intestinal GLP-1 weakens the sympathetic-adrenal reflex, leading to dysfunction of adrenal counterregulation during hypoglycaemia. DH5 mice showed increased pancreatic δ-cell mass, cAMP levels in δ cells, and plasma somatostatin concentrations, while cAMP levels in pancreatic α cells and plasma GCG levels decreased. Furthermore, GLP-1R expression in islet cells and plasma active GLP-1 levels were significantly increased in the DH5 group. Further experiments involving terminal ileal infusion and intraperitoneal injection in the model mice demonstrated that intestinal GLP-1 during recurrent hypoglycaemia hindered the secretion of the counterregulatory hormone GCG via the endocrine pathway.

CONCLUSION

Excessive intestinal GLP-1 is strongly associated with impaired counterregulatory responses to hypoglycaemia, leading to reduced appetite and compromised secretion of adrenaline, noradrenaline, and GCG during hypo-glycaemia.
Circulating glycated albumin levels and gestational diabetes mellitus
Authors: Xiong Wei , Zeng Zhao-Hui , Xu Yuan , Li Hui , Lin Hui
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is characterized by glucose intolerance that is first diagnosed during pregnancy, making it the most common complication associated with this period. Early detection and targeted treatment of GDM can minimize foetal exposure to maternal hyperglycaemia and subsequently reduce the associated adverse pregnancy outcomes. Previous studies have inconsistently suggested that the level of glycated albumin (GA) might predict GDM.

AIM

To review and synthesize existing evidence to evaluate the relationship between GA levels and the development of GDM.

METHODS

We sought to compare GA levels between GDM and control groups in this meta-analysis by systematically searching the Web of Science, PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase databases for articles published up to June 2023. The analysis utilized the weighted mean difference (WMD) as the primary metric. The data were meticulously extracted, and the quality of the included studies was assessed. Additionally, we conducted a subgroup analysis based on study region and sample size. We assessed heterogeneity using I 2 statistics and evaluated publication bias through funnel plots. Additionally, trim-and-fill analysis was employed to detect and address any potential publication bias.

RESULTS

The meta-analysis included a total of 11 studies involving 5477 participants, comprising 1900 patients with GDM and 3577 control individuals. The synthesized results revealed a notable correlation between elevated GA levels and increased susceptibility to GDM. The calculated WMD was 0.42, with a 95% confidence interval (95%CI) ranging from 0.11 to 0.74, yielding a P value less than 0.001. Concerning specific GA levels, the mean GA level in the GDM group was 12.6, while for the control group, it was lower, at 11.6. This discrepancy underscores the potential of GA as a biomarker for assessing GDM risk. Moreover, we explored the levels of glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) in both cohorts. The WMD for HbA1c was 0.19, with a 95%CI ranging from 0.15 to 0.22 and a P value less than 0.001. This observation suggested that both GA and HbA1c levels were elevated in individuals in the GDM group compared to those in the control group.

CONCLUSION

Our meta-analysis revealed a substantial correlation between elevated GA levels and increased GDM risk. Furthermore, our findings revealed elevated levels of HbA1c in GDM patients, emphasizing the significance of monitoring both GA and HbA1c levels for early GDM detection and effective management.
Transient diabetes mellitus with ABCC8 variant successfully treated with sulfonylurea: Two case reports and review of literature
Authors: Shen Ling-Hua , Cui Yan , Fu Dong-Xia , Yang Wei , Wu Sheng-Nan , Wang Hui-Zhen , Yang Hai-Hua , Chen Yong-Xing , Wei Hai-Yan
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND

Transient neonatal diabetes mellitus (TNDM) is a rare form of diabetes mellitus that usually presents within the first 6 mo of life. Patients often enter remission within several months, although relapse can occur later in life. Mutations in the ABCC8 gene, which encodes the sulfonylurea receptor 1 of the ATP-sensitive potassium channel in pancreatic beta cells, are associated with TNDM and permanent neonatal diabetes. This study describes a novel de novo c.3880C>T heterozygous ABCC8 variant that causes TNDM and can be treated with sulf-onylurea therapy.

CASE SUMMARY

We retrospectively analyzed 2 Chinese patients with TNDM who were diagnosed, treated, or referred for follow-up between September 2017 and September 2023. The patients were tested for mutations using targeted next-generation sequencing. Patients with neonatal diabetes mellitus caused by a c.3880C>T heterozygous missense variant in the ABCC8 gene have not been reported before. Both children had an onset of post-infectious diabetic ketoacidosis, which is worth noting. At a follow-up visit after discontinuing insulin injection, oral glyburide was found to be effective with no adverse reactions.

CONCLUSION

Early genetic testing of neonatal diabetes mellitus aids in accurate diagnosis and treatment and helps avoid daily insulin injections that may cause pain.
Vitamin D and selenium for type 2 diabetes mellitus with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis: Dosage and duration insights
Authors: Yu Yun-Feng , Shangguan Xue-Li , Tan Dan-Ni , Qin Li-Na , Yu Rong
Published: July 2024

This letter discusses the publication by Feng et al . Iodine, selenium, and vitamin D are closely associated with thyroid hormone production in humans; however, the efficacy of selenium and vitamin D supplementation for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) remains controversial. In the retrospective study we discuss herein, the authors highlighted significant improvements in thyroid function, thyroid antibodies, blood glucose, and blood lipid in T2DM patients with HT following addition of vitamin D and selenium to their antidiabetic regimens, underscoring the value of these supplements. Our team is currently engaged in research exploring the relationship between micronutrients and HT, and we have obtained invaluable insights from the aforementioned study. Based on this research and current literature, we recommend a regimen of 4000 IU/day of vitamin D and 100-200 μg/day of selenium for over three months to six months for patients with HT, particularly for those with concurrent T2DM.
Electric Vehicles: Theory and Design
Authors: Yuan Yiqing
Published: July 2024

Dive into the future of automotive engineering with our latest book, Electric Vehicles: Theory and Design. As the world shifts towards sustainable mobility, this indispensable guide offers a deep dive into the cutting-edge world of electric vehicles (EVs). Authored by an industry expert with a background in combustion engineering, this book bridges the gap between traditional automotive knowledge and the electrified future. From the basics of EV theory to advanced design principles, this book covers every aspect of EV engineering. Whether you're an experienced EV engineer or just entering the field, you'll find invaluable insights, technical requirements, and practical recommendations to navigate the complex world of EV engineering. Forget outdated references – this book delivers up-to-date information on EVs and their essential components, including cutting-edge battery systems, propulsion technology, and intelligent subsystems. Plus, explore the latest trends in electrification, autonomous driving, connectivity, and shared mobility, and stay ahead of the curve in this rapidly evolving industry. Perfect for automotive professionals, students, and scholars, this book serves as your roadmap to success in the electric vehicle revolution. Don't miss out – grab your copy today and become an expert in shaping the future of sustainable mobility!
Ideologies Of Government: An Introduction
Authors: Bassey Obo Ugumanim , Joseph Ogbinyi Odey , Venatius Azinor Ukor , Jeremiah Adie Agboh
Published: July 2024

This paper examines the ideologies of government. Descriptive in nature, this essay highlights the importance and relevance of an ideology in the life of an individual or country, and x-rays some of the ideological outfits which have been developed to guide different modes of social organization. The essay contends that a leadership that is guided by a well-articulated and people – friendly ideology would certainly regard the promotion of the welfare of the masses and the transformation of the society as its major priorities. The interests of the people and the development of the society tend to be neglected when the rulers subscribe to self-serving and predatory ideological worldviews.
Communication Strategies And Employee Productivity
Authors: Philomena Ify Igbokwe
Published: July 2024

Effective communication strategies play a pivotal role in fostering a productive work environment. This paper explores the correlation between communication strategies and employee performance within organisations. By analyzing various communication techniques such as open-door policies, regular team meetings, and digital platforms, this paper looks at how these strategies influence employee engagement, collaboration, and overall productivity. Furthermore, it examines the role of leadership in promoting transparent communication channels and fostering a culture of trust and feedback. Through a review of relevant literature and case studies, this paper highlights the significance of tailored communication approaches in optimizing workplace productivity. The findings suggest that organisations that prioritize clear, timely, and inclusive communication experience higher levels of employee satisfaction, motivation, and performance. Ultimately, this paper underscores the importance of implementing effective communication strategies as a fundamental pillar in enhancing workplace productivity and organisational success.
Covid-19 Vaccine: A Qualitative Study On Perception And Acceptability Among Staff Of The University Of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria.
Authors: Festus Nkpoyen , Anastasia Isika , Patience Odusulu , Esther Macauley , Aniekan Etokidem
Published: July 2024

The study assessed the perception and acceptability of COVID-19 vaccine among staff of the University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria. The COVID-19 pandemic has been reported in all countries of the world with 703,850,963 cases and 7,003,395 deaths and significant adverse health and socio-economic consequences. This qualitative study used seven Focus Group Discussions (FGDs), two Key Informant Interviews (KIIs) and one In-depth Interview (IDI). The study was conducted among both the teaching and non-teaching staff of the University of Calabar. Positive and negative perceptions of the vaccine were recorded. Religion exerted both negative and positive effect on perception and acceptability. Alleged intimidation by the government, other employers of labour and school authorities also affected acceptability. Other barriers to the uptake of the vaccine included: fear of contacting the virus while accessing vaccination, health system barriers such as misinformation from healthcare providers, out-of-stock syndrome, corrupt practices of healthcare providers who would issue the vaccination card to someone who had not actually been vaccinated, distrust in government; also, culture and myths and misconceptions. The findings may provide information for the government, Civil Society Organisations (CSOs) and other stakeholders to promote knowledge and positive perceptions through behaviour change communication regarding COVID-19 vaccine. Attitudinal orientation and reorientation of healthcare providers could address some of the health system barriers associated with poor perception and low acceptability of the vaccine.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT of funding source: The funding for this research was provided by the Tertiary Education Trust Fund (TETfund) under its Institution Based Research (IBR) Fund.
Curbing the menace of substance abuse among youths in Nigeria: A call to action
Authors: Sadoh Wilson , Omuemu Vivian
Published: July 2024

Substance abuse has reached epidemic proportions affecting between 20 and 40 percent of youths in Nigeria. It is a public health concern that threatens the health, well-being, and future of our young generation. The alarming rise in substance abuse among youths has far-reaching and devastating consequences. This editorial highlights the commonly abused drugs, the root causes and the multifaceted approach for addressing substance abuse in Nigeria.
Coping with gatekeeping in digitalised political participation research: a Zimbabwean experience
Authors: Maunganidze Langtone
Published: July 2024

Globally, the upsurge in internet and social media usage has prompted new ways of gatekeeping and coping strategies significantly transforming the character of political participation research and practice with far-reaching implications for consolidation of democratic governance and social development. Social networking sites and mobile instant messaging platforms have triggered new forms of both political mobilization and resistance calling into question the efficacy and sustainability of the traditional gatekeeping in research. There is little doubt that the nuances and dynamics of digitalized gatekeeping have a profound capacity to facilitate and inhibit the research process. Through a combination of a critical review of documentary information and snippets of practical experiences drawn from Zimbabwe, the article examines the various gatekeeping mechanisms in digitalized political participation research and delineates the possible circumvention interventions. The main dimensions of digital user surveillance and profiling technologies at various levels of the research process are not only mutually reinforcing but also largely panoptic. Since gatekeeping mechanisms in digital research are situated at the meeting point of internet freedom and surveillance, they inadvertently evoke methodological and ethical challenges.
The effect of water pH on unconfined compressive strength of lime-treated clay soil for liner materials in waste containment facilities
Authors: Nyebe E. A. , Sani J. E. , Moses G. , Ibrahim I. , Ameh E. O.
Published: July 2024

Clay soil obtained from the Gwagwalada area of Abuja in the Northern part of Nigeria was obtained and used for this study to determine the suitability of water pH on soil strength for waste containment facilities such as landfills and surface impoundments. Water pH influences the strength and durability of soils employed in these facilities and the potential for chemical reactions that can damage containment barriers. An unconfined compressive strength test was conducted using British Standard Light (BSL) and British Standard Heavy (BSH) compaction at varying water pH (i.e., Acidic, Neutral, and Alkaline water) to see the effect it can have on the life span of the clay as a liner material. High-quality liner materials must meet the minimum unconfined compressive strength requirement of 200 kN/m2. According to the test outcomes, when the amount of lime in the soil increased, especially at 4% content, the maximum dry density (MDD) increased to 1.81, 1.78, and 1.71 Mg/m3, and the optimum moisture content (OMC) decreased to 15.0,14.0, 16.0% for BSL compaction similar trend to BSH. The MDD is 1.93,1.83, 1.90 Mg/m3, and OMC is 13.2, 14.0, and 12.4% for BSH compaction for acidic, alkaline, and neutral water, respectively. The unconfined compressive strength (UCS) decreases as moulding water increases. The UCS values meet the 200 kN/m2 minimum requirement for soils compacted with acidic and neutral pH water for all compaction efforts. When treated with neutral water, the recommendation of 4% lime addition compacted at BSH for liner material construction at -2%, 0, +2% OMC. It is also recommended that alkaline water is unsuitable for constructing liners because it reduces the strength of treated soil.
Perancangan Prototype ADGS Menggunakan Sensor Jarak Berbasis Arduino di Bandar Udara Djalaluddin Gorontalo
Authors: Fachrurrazi  , Khoiruroziq Fachri , Nilakresna Sophia
Published: July 2024

Automatic Docking Guidance System (ADGS), merupakan alat yang digunakan oleh seorang pilot untuk memarkirkan pesawatnya sebagai petunjuk otomatis pada suatu bandar udara. Pada saat pesawat akan parkir pada bandar udara, seorang Marshaller bertindak sebagai pengarah parkir pesawat untuk menuju titik parkir yang sesuai dan tepat dan membantu pilot dalam mengarahkan parkir pesawat. Seiring dengan peningkatan aktifitas pergerakan pesawat pada apron menuntut penggunaan teknologi alternatif sebagai pengganti Marshaller, teknologi ini disebut dengan Automatic Docking Guidance System (ADGS, alat bantu parkir pesawat terbang). Pada perancangan prototype ADGS ini menggunakan 2 buah Arduino UNO yang dijadikan sebagai penyimpan bahasa program, 1 buah sensor jarak HC-SR04 untuk mendeteksi keberadaan maupun posisi pesawat yang mendekati area parkir pesawat atau apron, dan 1 buah sensor infrared untuk mendeteksi pergerakan pesawat bergerak ke kanan maupun ke kiri yang dirancang menjadi satu sehingga membentuk kombinasi yang sesuai dengan tampilan cara kerja ADGS di sesuai pada Bandar Udara Djalaludin di Gorontalo.
AS MORADAS DA ALTERIDADE NA ESCRITA DE CLARICE LISPECTOR
Authors: Olanda Quésia
Published: July 2024

O texto que se apresenta é fruto de uma conferência proferida em maio de 2024 no Grupo de Pesquisa Miroslav Milovic e busca tratar sobre as moradas da alteridade na escrita de Clarice Lispector, moradas essas que não são nomeadas necessariamente desta maneira, mas que estão intimamente vinculas a elas. A obra clariceana convoca e afirma todos os outros que aparecem, e isso implica sua escuta atenta que se mostra na escrita. Será usado como aporte teórico diferentes obras da autora, tais como, A Paixão segundo G.H. (1964), A hora da estrela (1977), Um sopro de vida (1978), dentre outros. Seguirei a linha derridiana de ler diversos textos simultaneamente, perpassando romances, crônicas etc. Além disso, farei um diálogo com a Poesia, pois a noção de alteridade deu início nas imagens poéticas, sobretudo, entre os antigos. Ademais, busco dialogar com outros importantes teóricos que pensaram a alteridade, tais como Jacques Derrida e Emmanuel Lévinas, de modo que o tema se aprimore e solidifique.
MIROSLAV MILOVIC
Authors: Sampaio Thayse Edith Coimbra
Published: July 2024

O presente artigo busca identificar as ressonâncias da filosofia de Jacques Derrida na produção intelectual do filósofo sérvio brasileiro Miroslav Milovic. Em termos metodológicos, adota-se uma pesquisa documental sobre as publicações e os rascunhos pessoais de Milovic. A pesquisa integra parte de um estudo maior sobre Derrida realizado por uma ex-orientanda de doutorado em direito de Miroslav Milovic.
PRÁTICAS CURRICULARES SUSTENTÁVEIS
Authors: Carlos Josefa Samara da Conceição , Gandini Fernanda Mattos , Silva Acilane Pinto da , Santos Luciana Monteiro dos , França Luciana Rodrigues Lopes
Published: July 2024

Este estudo abordou a integração da educação ambiental e da sustentabilidade nos currículos escolares, explorando como esses temas são incorporados em diferentes níveis de ensino e qual o impacto dessa integração na consciência ambiental dos alunos. O objetivo geral foi examinar as práticas pedagógicas e estratégias eficazes para ensinar sustentabilidade, além de avaliar seu impacto na formação dos estudantes. A metodologia empregada foi uma revisão de literatura, analisando artigos acadêmicos relevantes para coletar e sintetizar informações sobre o tema. Os resultados indicaram que a implementação de práticas de educação para a sustentabilidade melhora a conscientização e o comportamento ambiental dos alunos. Também foi observado que a formação de professores e o suporte institucional são importantes para a eficácia dessas práticas. As considerações finais destacaram a importância de políticas educacionais que suportem a educação ambiental, sugerindo a necessidade de colaboração contínua entre instituições educacionais, governos e comunidades para aprimorar a educação ambiental.
Educação a Distância: Perspectivas e Análise da UAB – UNIMONTES
Authors: Silva Karine Cássia Queiroz , Aguiar Jaciane Muniz de , Bortolo Carlos Alexandre de
Published: July 2024

O Ensino Remoto vem ganhando cada vez mais importância tanto no âmbito da educação básica quanto no ensino superior. Essa modalidade educacional é realizada por meio das tecnologias da comunicação e da informação, em que docentes e discentes estão separados geograficamente e/ou em diferentes momentos. O presente trabalho visa analisar a importância da Universidade Aberta do Brasil (UAB) Unimontes no contexto de ampliação e interiorização de cursos e programas de ensino superior via educaçãodistância. A nossa investigação consiste na pesquisa de cunho bibliográfico crítico-teórico, dedutivo e analítico. Utiliza-se para discussões autores, como Vilaça (2010), Vermelho (2014), Santiago (2010), Sava (2018), Landim (1997), Pereira (2021), Oliveira (2019), Brasil (2005), Alves (2011), Britto (2016), dentre outros. Nesse sentido, pretende-se apresentar, em especial, as perspectivas do ensino a distância na UAB- Unimontes, identificando as abordagens, avanços encontrados e oportunizados pela modalidade de Educação a distância.
Desarticulação da integração regional na América do Sul: algumas considerações sobre a UNASUL
Authors: Ribeiro Luís Henrique Matos , Gomes Maria Terezinha Serafim
Published: July 2024

No contexto geopolítico da América Latina, o Brasil teve um papel muito importante na integração regional com a formação do bloco econômico Mercado Comum do Sul (MERCOSUL), em 1991, e do bloco intergovernamental União das Nações Sul-Americanas (UNASUL), em 2008. No início dos anos 2000, o processo de integração foi fortalecido com a chegada de governos de esquerda e centro-esquerda, facilitando o diálogo em busca da integração regional, já proposta a partir de várias tentativas desde 1960. Entretanto, com a chegada de governos de direita e extrema-direita na metade da segunda década dos anos 2000, começou a ocorrer uma desarticulação na integração regional. A UNASUL, por exemplo, foi esvaziada, e os governos com viés de direita criaram o Fórum para o Progresso da América do Sul (Prosul). Assim, este artigo tem como objetivo compreender a integração regional na América do Sul a partir dos anos 2000, com a criação da UNASUL, destacando seus desafios, sua desarticulação e a tentativa de retomada na atualidade. A metodologia deste estudo se baseou em pesquisa bibliográfica, além do levantamento de dados secundários em sites oficiais para a realização de quadros, mapas e gráficos, necessários para a compreensão do tema. A UNASUL representava um projeto importante de integração regional, com viés não somente econômico, mas com múltiplas dimensões, como social, política e cultural, além da questão ambiental e de defesa, assumindo, assim, a valiosa tarefa de estabelecer um bloco intergovernamental na América do Sul. Porém, com a entrada de governos de extrema-direita e direita, observou-se sua desarticulação e, consequentemente, a da integração regional no subcontinente, trazendo novos desafios.
Presentación
Authors: Juan Tortosa Daniel
Published: July 2024

Presentación de Anuario de Derecho Canónico nº 14 (julio 2024).
FORMACIÓN PROFESIONAL PARA EL EMPLEO: ASPECTOS FISCALES
Authors: CABALEIRO MORA MARÍA R.
Published: July 2024

Análisis de leyes y reglamentos así como de la doctrina tributaria existente en la materia. comienza con un apartado en el que se realiza una contextualización de la Formación Profesional para el Empleo, para, tras la descripción de la metodología utilizada en el mismo, finalizar con la exposición de los resultados alcanzados mediante el análisis de la normativa y la doctrina fiscal. Estos resultados hacen particular referencia a materias tales como las becas, arrendamiento de aulas, el Impuesto sobre el Valor Añadido y el Impuesto sobre Actividades Económicas en el ámbito de la Formación Profesional para el Empleo.
The Union of the Estates in the Principality of Transylvania
Authors: Oborni Teréz
Published: July 2024

The paper briefly describes the basis of the constitution of the Principality of Transylvania, the union of Estates. Among the antecedents, it reviews the late medieval alliances of the Estates that were made by the nations (nationes) living in Transylvania, highlighting that the three ‘political nations’ were not nations or ethnicities in the modern sense, but rather were separated by their privileges and legal status. Based on Latin and Hungarian sources, the author reveals the covenants as renewed in the Articles of Law and emphasized that the concept of Union was broadened in the seventeenth century so that it no longer served only to support the unity of the state but also guaranteed the maintenance of the privileges of the Estates. The most precise interpretation of the Union was set out in the Approbatae Constitutiones, a collection of laws compiled in 1653.
Judicial Organization and the Sources of Decision-Making in Sixteenth-Century Transylvania
Authors: Bogdándi Zsolt
Published: July 2024

The paper describes the organization of the independent Transylvanian central court of law, the so-called Royal/Voivodal/Princely Table (Tabula) and its court of appeal, the court of personal presence (personalis presentia), in the light of the modest secondary literature, dietary decisions, and archival sources. Manuscript and published sources of law referred to in the course of litigation in the Transylvanian Royal/Voivodal/Princely Table (Tabula, Curia) in the second half of the sixteenth century are also presented. Based on the analysed archival sources—mainly the various allegationes lawyers made—it may be concluded that different sources provided the grounds that were frequently given for the court decisions. The analysis of available sources shows that, besides the Tripartitum, which was mostly referred to, during the litigations lawyers generally used the laws of the Hungarian Kingdom, and that the Decreta of the Transylvanian diets and the Table judged some cases according to their own custom.
Report on the Government of Transylvania, 1604
Authors: Mátyás-Rausch Petra
Published: July 2024

In the summer of 1604, the Transylvanian Council of Government, which had been formed shortly before, submitted a longer report to King Rudolf I of Hungary. They reported on the administration and financial situation of the newly pacified province of Transylvania. The most pressing issue, however, was the pay and maintenance of the mercenary corps stationed in Transylvania. Accordingly, the bulk of the report is devoted to discussing problems relating to the army. The report gives us an idea of how a Council of Government (Regiment) that had already been ‘tried and tested’ in the Austrian hereditary provinces functioned in Transylvania, and introduces the challenges members of the Council had to face.
Epic Songs in Árpádian Age Hungary
Authors: Sudár Balázs
Published: July 2024

While there is no direct evidence of epic singers in the Hungarian Conquest period, their presence and activity can nevertheless be posited on the strength of indirect evidence. Epic songs in Hungarian are known from the later fifteenth century, while the chronicles mention certain epic songs from the late twelfth century. Some of these epic songs celebrated the Conquest period and its events, and it seems unlikely that these songs were inspired by written sources and were, in this sense, secondary. The Hungarian expression énekmondás [song-speaking] is expressly archaic and has its parallels in Turkic languages. Cobza, the name of the musical instrument used by epic singers as accompaniment (Hung. koboz) is likewise rooted in the Turkic world and is a legacy of the pre-Conquest period, similarly to the designation of the performers as fiddlers.
Re-Evaluating the Eleventh Century through Linked Events and Entities
Authors: Andrews Tara , Rózsa Márton , Prajda Katalin , Read Lewis , Anđelović Aleksandar
Published: July 2024

This report presents the aims and ongoing progress of the ERC-funded project “Re-Evaluating the Eleventh Century through Linked Events and Entities” (Grant #101002357). We introduce the rationale for the project and the innovative solution for recording historical data that we have developed, known as the STAR model. We then give details of the four case studies undertaken in the project, which will shed new light on the movement of people, the understanding of place and space, and the production of texts within and among Christian societies of the eleventh century. Through the work of this project, we hope to be able to represent, examine, and illustrate the multiplicity of perspectives and interpretations that arise in the history of a century that was so pivotal to the development of the modern Near East and Europe.
0-1 Knapsack Problem Solving using Genetic Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Altamimi Mubarak ,   Karabuk University, Department of Computer Engineering, Karabük, Türkiye, SONUÇ Emrullah , Ramaha Nehad , William Ijibadejo ,   Karabuk University, Department of Computer Engineering, Karabük, Türkiye,   Karabuk University, Department of Computer Engineering, Karabük, Türkiye,   Karabuk University, Departmentof Computer Engineering, Karabük, Türkiye
Published: July 2024

A 0-1 knapsack problem with m constraints is known as the 0-1 multidimensional knapsack problem, and it is challenging to solve using standard techniques like branch and bound algorithms or dynamic programming. The goal of the Knapsack problem is to maximize the utility of the items in a knapsack while staying within its carrying capacity. This paper presents a genetic algorithm with Python code that can solve publicly available instances of the multidimensional knapsack problem in a very quick computational time. By identifying the significant genes, the attribute reduction method that uses the rough set theory reduces the search space and guarantees that useful information is not lost. To regulate convergence, the algorithm makes use of many additional hyperparameters that can be adjusted in the code.
Isothermal and Non-Isothermal Study of 8OCB Liquid Crystal using DSC and Logger Pro.
Authors: Petrarca Grace ,   Undergraduate student, Emmanuel College Boston, MA, 02115 USA, Sharma (PhD) Dipti ,   Supervisor, Emmanuel College, Boston, MA 02115 USA
Published: July 2024

The focus of this research is to explore the isothermal and non-isothermal properties of 4-oxy-4'-cyano­biphenyls (8OCB) Liquid Crystal (LC). This paper reports on the data collected from the technique of DSC and the behavior of 8OCB when heated 0°C/100°C and cooled 100°C/-40°C for ramp rates of 5, 10, and 20 °C/min. The thermal speed, acceleration, and jerk we calculated using the program LoggerPro to further understand the molecules' behavior to observe the effects of repetitive heating and cooling on 8OCB and how that would relate to LC’s use in Liquid Crystal Displays (LCDs), specifically looking at if there is any type of degradation in the nematic phase. This data can be used to compare to data collected on the heat flow during, before, and in between the heating and cooling phases to understand how the molecule is further affected by increased ramp rates of constant heating and cooling at times when the temperature is not changing. The isothermal segments of the DSC were seen to have increased heat flow as the ramp rate was increased which is important to consider when applying to the application of nematic LCDs.
Enhancing Bank Loan Approval Efficiency Using Machine Learning: An Ensemble Model Approach
Authors: Islam Md. Rezaul ,   Lecturer, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Dhaka International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh, Islam Md. Shariful , Shama Sharmin , Chowdhury Aniruddha Islam , Hasan Lamyea Md. Masudul ,   Lecturer, Department ofComputer Science and Engineering, Dhaka International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh,   Student, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Dhaka International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh,   Student, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Dhaka International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh,   Student, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Dhaka International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Published: July 2024

Lending is a major source of income for banks, but identifying worthy borrowers who will consistently repay loans is a constant problem. From a pool of loan applicants, conventional selection procedures frequently fail to find the most qualified individuals. To make loan applications faster, we created a new system that uses machine learning to automatically find people who qualify for loans. This comprehensive analysis involves data preprocessing, effective data balancing using SMOTE, and the application of various machine learning models, including Decision Trees, Support Vector Machines, K-Nearest Neighbors, Gaussian Naive Bayes, AdaBoost, Gradient Boosting, Logistic Regression, and advanced deep learning models like recurrent neural networks, deep neural networks, and long short-term memory models. We thoroughly evaluate the models based on accuracy, recall, and F1 score. Our experimental results demonstrate that the Extra Trees model outperforms its counterparts. Furthermore, we achieve a significant 0.62% increase in accuracy over the Extra Trees model by using an ensemble voting model that combines the top three machine learning models to predict bank loan defaulters. An intuitive desktop application has been developed to enhance user engagement. Remarkably, our findings indicate that the voting-based ensemble model surpasses both current state-of-the-art methods and individual ML models, including Extra Trees, with an impressive accuracy of 87.26%. Ultimately, this innovative system promises substantial improvements and efficiency in bank loan approval processes, benefiting both financial institutions and loan applicants.
Reconstruction of Hand Extensor Tendon Injuries
Authors: Sánchez Pablo Alberto Mendoza ,   Hospital General Dr Miguel Silva., Vasquez Francisco Alberto Montaño , Pérez Jose Manuel Gómez , Moreno Hugo Eduardo Mora , Ayala Ezequiel Ignacio Salcedo , Ordaz Erick Hidrogo , Moreno Diego Clemente , Núñez Armando Vinicio Pérez , Delgado Erick Moreno , García Héctor Leonel Martínez ,   Hospital General Regional Imss II,   Hospital Regional De Alta Especialidad Gustavo,   Hospital General Dr Miguel Silva.,   Issste Hospital General Dr Francisco Galindo Chávez.,   Issste Hospital General Dr Francisco Galindo Chávez.,   Hospital General Regional Imss II,   Hospital General Dr Miguel Silva.,   Hospital General Universitario Torreón,   Hospital Regional De Morelia Issste.
Published: July 2024

Surgical intervention is required for the treatment of hand tendon injuries, which include both open and blunt traumas, and mainly impact the flexor tendons. These injuries are significant and require skillful surgical intervention. Both sorts of injuries are discussed in this article, with a particular emphasis placed on the crucial need of timely detection and adequate treatment. In order to guarantee a correct evaluation, diagnostic technologies such as ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) play a crucial role. Consistent initial therapy and attentive followup, with an emphasis on collaborative efforts between the surgeon and the patient, are essential to achieving successful outcomes. The comprehensive rehabilitation process is not complete without the incorporation of occupational therapy and physiotherapy into the treatment schedule.
Case Report: Comprehensive Management of Hepatolithiasis: Diagnostic Challenges, Therapeutic Approaches, and Postoperative Outcomes
Authors: Solis Eduardo Ibrahim Hernández ,   Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social. Hospital General Regional Vicente Guerrero (HGR No. 1). Acapulco de Juárez, Guerrero, México., Sánchez Oscar García , Manzanarez Arturo Narciso , Nájera Sayra Karelia Rivera Nájera ,   Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social. Hospital General Regional Vicente Guerrero (HGR No. 1). Acapulco de Juárez, Guerrero, México.,   Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social. Hospital General Regional Vicente Guerrero (HGR No. 1). Acapulco de Juárez, Guerrero, México.,   Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social. Hospital General Regional Vicente Guerrero (HGR No. 1). Acapulco de Juárez, Guerrero, México.
Published: July 2024

Background: Hepatolithiasis, characterized by the presence of intrahepatic bile duct stones, is a relatively rare but significant condition that can lead to recurrent cholangitis, liver abscesses, biliary cirrhosis, and even cholangiocarcinoma. The condition poses diagnostic and therapeutic challenges due to its complex presentation and the intricate anatomy of the biliary tree. Case Presentation: Management and Outcomes: Due to the presence of intrahepatic stones, laparoscopic cholecystectomy was performed, facilitating further stone clearance. Surgical intervention, was necessary to address refractory stone burden and prevent recurrence. Postoperative follow-up demonstrated significant clinical improvement, normalization of liver function tests, and no evidence of recurrent stones over a 12-month period. Conclusion: This case highlights the importance of a comprehensive, multidisciplinary approach in the management of hepatolithiasis. Advances in endoscopic and radiological techniques, combined with surgical expertise, are crucial in achieving optimal outcomes. Further research is warranted to refine diagnostic criteria and therapeutic strategies for this complex condition.
Advancements in Understanding and Management of Hidradenitis Suppurativa: Pathophysiology, Clinical Manifestations, and Therapeutic Interventions
Authors: Carranza Martha Castro ,   ISSSTE Clinica Hospital No.24 Ciudad Guzman, Jalisco, México., Guevara Maria Reyna Lara ,   ISSSTE Hospital Irapuato, Guanajuato, México.
Published: July 2024

Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic, inflammatory skin condition characterized by recurrent painful nodules, abscesses, and sinus tracts predominantly affecting intertriginous regions. The pathophysiology of HS involves a complex interplay of genetic predisposition, immune dysregulation, and environmental factors. Recent advancements have shed light on the role of inflammatory pathways and microbial dysbiosis in disease progression. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the latest insights into the pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnostic criteria, and therapeutic strategies for HS. Emphasis is placed on novel biologic therapies and surgical interventions that have shown promise in improving patient outcomes. By integrating recent findings, we aim to enhance understanding and management of this debilitating condition.
Artificial Intelligence in Thai Healthcare: Current Landscape, Awareness, and Future Outlook
Authors: Ekvitayavetchanukul Pongkit ,   The Board of Khon kaen University Affairs. Khon kaen University, ORCID: ‪0000 0001-6109-5726, Thanitnan Thanawat , Akwittayavechnukul Natnicha , Muenkiat Wipatsaya ,   Debsirin School, Thailand,   Pichayasuksa School,   Bodindecha (Sing Singhaseni) School
Published: July 2024

This research explores the current and future trends of Artificial Intelligence (AI) applications in the Thai medical field. Conducted through qualitative research involving 40 medical professionals, the study gauges awareness levels and opinions regarding AI in healthcare. Findings reveal a burgeoning interest, despite the temporary limitations posed by the COVID-19 pandemic. Key themes include the transformative potential of AI, the pivotal role of government policies, and ethical considerations. The research provides valuable insights for policymakers, medical professionals, and researchers navigating the evolving landscape of AI in Thai healthcare.
The Use of Brain Based Learning Strategies in Increasing Students’ Speaking Abilities at SMP Dunia Harapan Makassar
Authors: Kusuma Irmayanti ,   Universitas Muhammadiyah Makassar, AM St. Asriati , Dewi Ratna ,   Universitas Muhammadiyah Makassar,   Universitas Muhammadiyah Makassar
Published: July 2024

The research aimed to investigate the effectiveness of Brain-based learning in enhancing speaking abilities among students at SMP Dunia Harapan Makassar. Next, the method was used on this research was quantitative research method with quasi experimental design. The data of this research was collected through test that consisted of pretest and posttest form. While the population of this research consisted of the seventh-grade students at SMP Dunia Harapan Makassar in academic year 2023/2024 which consisted of three classes or 60 students. Meanwhile, the sample of this research were consisted of two classes as experimental class (VII B) and control class (VII A) and each class consisted of 20 students. The results indicated that there was a positive improvement of using Brain-based learning on students’ speaking abilities. It was proven by the students’ mean score in experimental class (88.25) was significantly increased than the students’ mean score in control class (76.5). The result showed that Brain-based learning in experimental class was effective to increase students’ speaking abilities. In conclusion, the results supported the effectiveness of Brain-based learning in enhancing language learning outcomes in the improvement of students’ speaking abilities among seventh-grade students at SMP Dunia Harapan Makassar. The positive results suggested the potential of incorporating Brain-based learning into language education for improved academic performance.
Mainstreaming Whole-Person Approach in SPUP’s Transformative Education
Authors: M. Lappay, PhD Allan Peejay ,   St. Paul University Philippines
Published: July 2024

The whole-person approach in transformative education sets a paradigm in integrating facets of human existence in the teaching-learning process. It advances personal growth, consciousness, and societal change through a holistic learning experience. This research paper delves into ascertaining the whole-person approach along the transformative education of St. Paul University Philippines (SPUP). It explores the practices, relates the experiences, and describes the opportunities espoused by the University in fostering transformative learning outcomes. Using the qualitative research design, particularly focus group discussion, the study brings to light various perspectives that illustrate SPUP’s whole-person approach relevant to its mission towards transformative learning. The findings from this study highlight SPUP’s endeavours in cultivating a positive convergence of the dimensions of human life, namely: physical, spiritual, and emotional wellbeing; social engagement; intellectual, moral and ethical, career development; cultural competence; environmental sustainability; and personal agency and resilience, in the University’s educational process to advance transformative learning.