bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A cross-sectional evaluation of behavior and attitude of pharmacists toward dispensing non-OTC drugs without prescription in a city of Southern Rajasthan
Authors: Atray Meena , Vijay Radhika , Chhipa Vinod
Published: October 2022

Background: Over the counter (OTC), drugs are found to be safe and appropriate for use without supervision of a healthcare professional such as physician and they can be purchased by consumers without prescription. The study gains its importance because of the spreading of misuse of antibiotics and various drugs adverse drug reactions in the society.

Aims and Objectives: The main aim of the study is to observe as to how many pharmacists/chemists/drug store sellers follow or violate the drug cosmetic act.

Materials and Methods: It is an observational and cross-sectional study conducted among pharmacies of Udaipur city, urban areas of Southern Rajasthan. The study includes a sample size of 200 pharmacies selected through convenient random sampling. A detailed semi-structured questionnaire is administered to the pharmacists. The set of questions include types of drugs, reason for dispensing, knowledge, and attitude of pharmacist toward dispensing non-OTC drugs. All the private pharmacies willing to participate were included in the study. Data are entered in Microsoft Excel and statistically analyzed.

Results: The results throw light on the behavior and pattern of dispensing habits of the drug store sellers of the city of Udaipur, Southern Rajasthan. It was observed that many pharmacists are in fact in the habit of dispensing non-OTC drugs in almost all the areas.

Conclusions: Results give insights about the groups of drugs, logic, behavior, and knowledge level of pharmacists involved in dispensing practices in the city of Udaipur. There should be structured educational campaigns (or use of media, internet, newspaper, radio, television, advertisements, mobiles, etc.) for both pharmacists and public.
Effect of Bortezomib administration on autophagic cell death in colorectal cancer cells
Authors: Erbaş Elif , Aydemir Celep Nevra , Çiftci Kader
Published: October 2022

Colon cancer is the most common cancer type after breast and prostate cancer in humans. Bortezomib is a proteasome inhibitor and is commonly preferred for the treatment of some types of cancer due to its efficiency and lower side effects. This study has investigated the impact of Bortezomib on cell death regarding the stimulation of autophagy. Bortezomib (Velcade) was treated to colorectal cancer cells (HT-29) for 24 hours at different concentrations (10 nM, 20 nM, and 40 nM). MTT analysis was used to determine the viability of Bortezomib-treated HT-29 cells, and immunocytochemical methods were used to determine bortezomib’s effects on the expression of Beclin-1 and LC3 levels in the HT-29 cells. In MTT analysis, viability was decreased with an increase in bortezomib concentration and the lowest viability was found at 40 nM concentration. In the study, Beclin-1 immune reactive cells were seen as higher in 10nM and 40 nM concentrations of Bortezomib than other groups. Additionally, in LC3 evaluation, the immune reactive cell density was the highest at 40 nM concentration of Bortezomib (p<0.05). However, the LC3 immune reactivity was higher at 20nM and 40 nM concentrations of bortezomib groups (p<0.05). The findings revealed that the treatment of Bortezomib leads to an increase in levels of LC3 and Beclin-1 and activate the autophagy in colon cancer cells.
The effects of Quercetin administration on heart tissue and serum parameters in the eats with experimental obesity
Authors: Gür Cihan , Özkanlar Seçkin , Gedikli Semin , Şengül Emin , Gelen Volkan
Published: October 2022

Obesity causes structural and functional damage to various organs. Quercetin is a flavonoid and has potent antioxidant, antiapoptotic
and anti-inflammatory effects in the body cells. This study aims to investigate the therapeutic effect of Quercetin on
the cardiac effect caused by obesity in rats with experimental obesity using biochemical and histological methods. In this study,
24 male Sprague Dawley rats were used. The rats were divided into three groups i.e., control, obese, and Quercetin-Obese. A
high-fat diet was administrated to the obese groups for 3 months, the other groups were fed with normal pellet forage. After
the formation of obesity, a 50 mg/kg dose of Quercetin was orally fed to the quercetin-obese and quercetin groups for 15 days.
At the end of study, all the animals were sacrificed by taking blood under anesthesia (sevoflurane), and their heart tissues were
taken. In the obtained serum samples, the levels of triglyceride (TG), cholesterol (CHOL), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol
(HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and cardiac troponin-I (cTnI) were measured by the auto-analyzer
device. The heart tissues were stained with Bax and Bcl-2 antibodies as immuno-histochemical. When the results of the analysis
were compared among the control and other groups, it was shown that obesity increased the levels of serum TG, CHOL, LDLC,
and cTnI whereas quercetin administration had a decreasing effect on these parameters (P<0.05). It was determined that
the level of Serum HDL-C decreased in the obese group while quercetin administration increased the level of HDL-C (P<0.05).
The analysis of Bax and Bcl-2 immune reactive cells showed that the apoptotic cell density increased in the heart tissues of the
obese group while quercetin administration decreased the apoptotic cell density (P<0.05). This study shows that Quercetin
may have a therapeutic effect in avoiding cardiac injuries caused by obesity.
MEDICINAL PLANTS’ STRESS FACTORS: EFFECTS ON METABOLITES AND NOVEL PERSPECTIVES FOR TOLERANCE
Authors: Kanso Mayssaloune , Hijazi Mohamad , Aboul Ela Maha , El-Lakany Abdalla
Published: October 2022

Medicinal plants are rich in secondary metabolites representing different chemical classes and synthesized by various biochemical pathways. However, these compounds are susceptible to potential herbal predators and to environmental influences. Several factors induce different biotic and abiotic stresses (drought, cold, salinity, heat) that lead to fluctuations in the biogenesis and accumulation of secondary metabolites by which plants react to overcome the threatening stress conditions. This contribution aims to give an overview of the various medicinal plant defense mechanisms against imminent threats and their impact on secondary metabolites profiles in the most effective medicinal plant species such as the levels of vincristine in Catharanthus roseus which is affected by salinity and drought stress, sage (Salvia officinalis) that showed fluctuations in terpenes level under drought stress and mineral contents in the soil and Papaver somniferum that exhibited a decrease in alkaloids content under cold stress. From a wider perspective, the aim of this study is to present novel tools and strategies used for the preservation of some plant species from extinction by minimizing as much as possible the risk of exogenous influences on phytochemicals levels and on plant bio genome and manipulating the stress factors to ensure plants quality and safety. It also aims to raise awareness about the consumption of herbal medicines without respecting the herbal monographs information about the safe dose, the interactions with drugs, and the side effects, in addition to the necessity of performing toxicity studies by pharmaceutical industries, especially on herbal medicines raised under various stress factors because of the risk of SMs (secondary metabolites) accumulation in these plants at a critical level that may be toxic to consumers.
GESTÃO DE CUSTOS NA AGROPECUÁRIA: ESTUDO COM PEQUENOS PRODUTORES FAMILIAR DE GADO
Authors: Moura Carliano Victor de Oliveira , Nicacio Antônio Gustavo
Published: October 2022

O trabalho teve como objetivo analisar a gestão de custos na atividade da pecuária. O local onde o trabalho foi desenvolvido foi no município de Campo Grande/RN, evidenciando a forma de como os pequenos produtores usam a contabilidade de custos na criação de gado. A metodologia utilizada para o estudo foi de natureza exploratória e descritiva, com abordagem qualitativo, utilizando como procedimento técnico o estudo de um caso. Os resultados obtidos na pesquisa mostraram que os pequenos produtores de gado desconhecem em sua grande parte a importância da mensuração correta dos custos incorridos na criação de gado sendo visto com algo totalmente distante da realidade dessas pessoas causando uma impressão distorcida de que esse tipo de procedimento tem um altíssimo custo financeiro envolvido fazendo com que se tenha a impressão errônea de que é algo apenas acessível para criadores de grande porte.
CIRUGÍA DE REVASCULARIZACIÓN MIOCÁRDICA CON ARTERIA MAMARIA INTERNA BILATERAL
Authors: Ramírez Paulina , Lopera Nicolás , de la Cuesta Manuela , Turizo Juan José , Meza Rafael J , Escobar Alejandro
Published: October 2022

Introducción: La arteria mamaria interna es el único injerto con impacto a largo plazo en la mortalidad de los pacientes con enfermedad coronaria. Existen interrogantes que limitan el uso simultáneo de ambas arterias, como tiempo quirúrgico prolongado y riesgo de infecciones esternales especialmente en diabéticos y obesos. Este estudio buscó describir el comportamiento a 5 años de pacientes revascularizados con arteria mamaria interna bilateral (BIMA). Métodos: Estudio descriptivo de seguimiento a una cohorte. 42 pacientes sometidos a revascularización miocárdica con BIMA entre 2015-2020, Hospital Manuel Uribe Ángel, Envigado, Colombia. Fuente de información secundaria y primaria. Se desarrollaron análisis univariados para describir las variables. Resultados: Edad media 55,2 años, 19% diabéticos, índice de masa corporal (IMC) promedio 24,5 kg/m2; enfermedad coronaria severa en 90,5%, 95,2% con revascularización completa. Sin presencia de infección del sitio operatorio (ISO). Mediana de seguimiento 5,1 años, durante el cual el 5,4% sufrieron infarto agudo del miocardio (IAM), 13,5% requirieron intervención coronaria percutánea (ICP) y 16,2% fallecieron, 33,3% de las muertes fueron atribuidas a causas cardiacas. Discusión: IMC promedio normal, 19% fueron diabéticos; con promedio de hemoglobina glicosilada de 7,09%, indicando adecuado control metabólico. No se observó mayor incidencia ISO. Esta cohorte presentó una incidencia de angina de 16,2%; inferior a lo descrito en otras investigaciones. La incidencia de IAM e ICP fue similar a la reportada en otros estudios. Conclusión: En la población estudiada, pacientes con IMC normal y glucemia con adecuado control metabólico, la revascularización miocárdica con BIMA es una técnica segura con aceptables desenlaces cardiovasculares a mediano plazo.
Justicia gendarussa (BURM F.) (WILLOW-LEAVED Justicia) FROM PENINSULAR MALAYSIA: LEAF ANATOMY AND MICROMORPHOLOGY
Authors: MOHD TAJUDIN AIDATUL AIFA , CHE AMRI CHE NURUL AINI , SHAHARI ROZILAWATI
Published: October 2022

Acanthaceae or the Acanthus family has been commonly used by local peoples as traditional medicines, especially in PeninsularMalaysia. Justicia gendarussa, also known as ‘daun rusa’ or ‘genda rusa,’ treats inflammatory disorders, asthma, hepatic injuries,arthritis, and digestion problems. Many taxonomists nowadays struggle to identify Acanthaceae species due to morphologicalsimilarities and incomplete parts during the identification process. Other than that, there has been no comprehensive study ofJusticia gendarussa leaf anatomy to date. Therefore, this study aims to describe the leaf’s anatomical and micromorphologicalcharacteristics that would be useful to identify this plant species. The leaf anatomical study involved several methods such ascross-section using a sliding microtome and observation under a light microscope. While the leaf micromorphology methodinvolved the observation under a scanning electron microscope (SEM) of the epidermis of abaxial and adaxial surfaces. Theresult of this study showed the presence of collenchyma, sclerenchyma, and mucilage cells in the petiole and midrib. The patternsof petiole and midrib vascular bundles were described as the main vascular bundle (opened system with continuous rings of thevascular bundle) with two additional vascular bundles located the above right and left of the main vascular bundle near eachwing. The cystolith cells are present in the epidermis and parenchyma cortex while glandular and non-glandular trichomeswere recorded in the species studied. In conclusion, comprehensive data for the leaf anatomical and micromorphologicalcharacteristics can be used to supplement data in the identification of Justicia gendarussa.
CYTOTOXIC EFFECT OF DILLAPIOLE ON HUMAN BREAST CANCER MCF-7 CELLS
Authors: MOHD AMIN INDAH , RUSLAN NUR BATRISYIA , ZULKIPLI ZULINDA AYU , ZAKARIA NURUL AILI , MAT JALIL MOHD TAUFIQ , ARIS FARIZAN
Published: October 2022

Plant secondary metabolites and their derivatives play a significant role in anticancer drug therapy since they are effective against specific characteristics while reducing side effects. Dillapiole is a phenylpropanoid that holds several bioactivities like anti-fungal, anti-inflammatory, anti-leishmanial, and anti-cancer. This study aims to investigate the possible cytotoxic effect of dillapiole on human breast cancer, MCF-7 cells. Cells were cultured in complete RPMI media and incubated at standard culture conditions. After the cells reached 80% confluency, cells were treated with various concentrations (ranging from 0 µM to 150 µM) of dillapiole and tamoxifen as a positive control. Cells were later incubated at 48 and 72 hours. Using WST-1 assay, the cytotoxic effect was determined for both incubation times. Results show tamoxifen inhibited the MCF-7 cells with the IC50 at 75.9 µM and 39.8 µM for 48 and 72 hours respectively. Parallel with the positive control results, there was a significant cytotoxic effect of dillapiole against MCF-7 cells at 48- and 72-hours incubation with the IC50 at 92.1 µM and 63.1 µM respectively. Based on these results, dillapiole was cytotoxic against MCF-7 cells and its cytotoxic activity was both in a time and dose-dependent manner (<0.05). The morphological analysis supported the WST-1 assay. Our preliminary finding is in agreement with other previous studies, suggesting that dillapiole appears to be a promising anti-cancer agent and opens a wider possibility of downstream analysis on its underlying cytotoxicity mechanism.
CHARACTERISATION OF ENDOPHYTIC BACTERIA FROM NAM-NAM PLANTS (Cynometra cauliflora) FOR ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY AND PRODUCTION OF PLANT GROWTH PROMOTING FACTORS
Authors: KHALIL RABIATUL ADAWIYAH , SYED MOHAMAD SHARIFAH AMINAH , ABDUL RAHMAN NUR RAHIMATUL HAYATI , KAMAL IKHSAN NURUL AIDA , MOHAMED YUNUS NORFATIMAH , AJIBOLA OLAIDE OLAWUNMI , ABD MUTALIB NURLIANA , BIN MOHD AMIN MOHD CAIRUL IQBAL
Published: October 2022

Plant-beneficial microorganisms also known as endophytes colonize the inside healthy tissues of living plants and form mutualistic relationships with them. Endophytes are important components of the plant microbiome and give a variety of benefits to their hosts. Nam-Nam plant (Cynometra cauliflora), is an indigenous tree to Peninsular Malaysia with various medicinal properties. This study aimed to isolate and characterize endophytic bacteria from different parts of Nam-Nam plants such as leaves, stems, and roots. The ethyl acetate extracts from the endophytic bacteria were tested for their antibacterial activity against 7 bacterial pathogens. Plant growth promotion traits including starch hydrolysis, phosphate solubilization, nitrogen fixation, and indole-3 acetic acid (IAA) production were screened among the endophytic bacteria isolates. Molecular identification by 16S rRNA gene sequencing was performed for isolates with good antibacterial activity and plant growth promotion traits. A total of 33 endophytic bacteria comprising 27 Gram-negative and 6 Gram-positive bacteria were isolated. The antibacterial activity was demonstrated by 7 isolates in which R1L3 and TKL2 extracts exhibited significant activity against Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, and Proteus vulgaris. Production of IAA was exhibited by 15 isolates wherein R1S4 produced the highest IAA (20.62 µg/mL). Analysis of the 16S gene sequence revealed that RIR2, TKS2/R1L3, and R1S4/R1S5 belonged to Methylobacterium radiotolerans, Mycobacteroides abscessus, and Sphingomonas sp, respectively. The findings from this study showed that Nam-Nam plants harbored endophytic isolates with the potential to be established as a source of natural compounds that can be used to develop new anti-infection agents in the future. This is the first study to report on antibacterial activity and IAA production by endophytic bacteria from the Nam-Nam plants.
EPIGENETIC MODIFIERS AND MINERALS AS TOOLS TO DIVERSIFY SECONDARY METABOLITE PRODUCTION IN FUNGI
Authors: SADIRAN SITI HAJAR , LAMBUK FATMAWATI , ZUBIR SITI NUR SARAH , SULIMAN RASHA SAAD , WEBER JEAN-FRÉDÉRIC FAIZAL
Published: October 2022

Secondary metabolite production of fungi can be modified by different approaches, including epigenetic modifiers, culture-dependent methods, and genomic-based methods. In this study, secondary metabolite production was explored in the presence of epigenetic modifiers and minerals using a microscale fermentation approach. Thirteen fungi originally isolated from mushrooms and soils were grown in 96-well microtiter plates (MTPs) using 70% of potato dextrose broth (PDB) with the addition of epigenetic modifiers and minerals in different combinations and concentrations. All cultures were fermented at 10 °C or 28 °C for 2, 3, or 5 weeks and extracted by solid phase extraction. The resulting extracts were subjected to high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and the chromatograms were analyzed on a qualitative and quantitative basis. In addition, major secondary metabolites from four fungi were identified as penicillic acid, patulin, pseurotin A, and javanicin. Epigenetic modifiers and minerals induce significant changes in the profile of the secondary metabolites. Their usage combined with microscale fermentation provides a cost-efficient tool for exploring fungal secondary metabolism.
THE ANTIMICROBIAL AND ANTIBIOFILM POTENTIAL OF SWEET BASIL ESSENTIAL OIL ON Streptococcus mutans AND Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: MOHAMAD ZAIN NURHAYATI , MOHD AMIN NABILAH , NORDIN FATIN ATHIRAHUSNA , MAHMUD JUNAIDAH , MOHD AMIN INDAH
Published: October 2022

The antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities of sweet basil essential oil (SBEO) against oral microorganisms, Streptococcusmutans (S. mutans) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) were determined in this study. The antimicrobial activities wereevaluated using the disk diffusion method (DDM), where Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum BactericidalConcentration (MBC) were tested against both bacteria. Different formulations of SBEO (microemulsion, emulsion, water)were tested for biofilm dispersion assay on 24 h of preformed biofilm. Commercial chlorhexidine (CHX) 0.12% w/v wasused as a positive control. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to observe the changes on the treated surface.The data were analyzed using SPSS Version 27.0. A Kruskal-Wallis test followed by a Post-hoc Mann-Whitney U test wasapplied, and the level of significance was set at p<0.05. All formulations of SBEO showed antimicrobial activities against thetested microorganisms. Exposure to 2.5% (v/v) microemulsion for two min exhibited 42.56% and 32.10% (p<0.001) of biofilmdispersion for S. mutans and S. aureus, respectively. The SEM micrographs revealed the number of microorganisms on thetreated group surface reduced compared to the negative controls. SBEO exerts an antimicrobial and antibiofilm effect on S.mutans and S. aureus. This finding suggests that the SBEO microemulsion has the potential to control planktonic S. mutans andS. aureus and their biofilm formation in the oral environment
Patient Safety in Primary Care Socialization and Discussion
Authors: Dewi Mulfiyanti  , Fitrah Ramadani  , Andi Satriana  , Andi Bintang
Published: October 2022

Patient safety has been recognized as an issue of global importance over the last 10 years. Unsafe primary and outpatient care results in greater morbidity, higher use of health services, and economic costs. All medical procedures against patients have their own risks. Of course, there is no single health worker or doctor who wants his patient to experience unwanted risks. Therefore, patient safety must be prioritized in every medical treatment by reporting Patient Accident Incidents (IKP), especially primary services or Public Health Center. Patient safety is an important key for every health facility. COMMUNITY SERVICE activities are carried out at UPT Public Health Center Bajoe Kel. Bajoe district. Tanete Riattang Timr Kab. Bones. Aims to explore the perception of Public Health Center officers on IKP and their reporting as well as increase knowledge about the types of IKP and their reporting. The results obtained from this Community Service are that the health officer understands the types of IKP and their reporting and understands the importance of policies and SOPs related to IKP reporting in primary health facilities such as Public Health Center.
Glasser-Based Poetry Writing Training for Private Junior High School Students RK Star East Management
Authors: Mery Chris Isabella Saragih
Published: October 2022

The problem faced by students in writing poetry is less poetic. Original student write poetry regardless of its visual form: typography, stanza arrangement, diction, and style language. This can be seen from the results of poetry written by students, which do not have poetic power. Student not enough imaginative, intuitive, and not enough think synthetic. In side that system the learning is oriented on the teacher. Based on these problems, students need to be encouraged by learning methods interesting in writing poetry. One of the best ways is to use Glasser's learning model, namely learning which done by utilizing environmental object as a learning medium. Glasser's model is "Learning" which This is done by directly seeing or using the object according to the material lessons and learning objectives”. Especially with the current uncertain condition of Covid-19 when it ends, then the learning model is efficiently carried out online with an application Zoom if plague the not yet ends later. So with a community service entitled "Poetry Writing Training" Glasser-Based on Private Middle School Students RK Bintang Timur Pematangsiantar” is expected student more skilled and creative in in writing poetry.
Esophageal Motility Disorders in Patients With Esophageal Barium Residue After Videofluoroscopic Swallowing Study
Authors: Park Jintae , Baek Sora , Kim Gowun , Nam Seung-Joo , Kim Ji Hyun
Published: October 2022

Objective To investigate esophageal motility disorders in patients with esophageal residual barium on chest x-rays after videofluoroscopic swallowing studies (VFSS) through high-resolution esophageal manometry (HREM).Methods We reviewed the records of 432 patients who underwent VFSS from September 2019 to May 2021, and 85 patients (19.7%) with large residual barium (diameter ≥1 cm) were included. As a result of HREM, motility disorders were classified as major or minor motility disorders according. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy and chest computed tomography results available were also reviewed.Results Among 85 patients with large residual barium in the esophagus, 16 patients (18.8%) underwent HREM. Abnormal esophageal motilities were identified in 68.8% patient: three patients (18.8%) had major motility disorders—achalasia (n=1), esophagogastric junction (EGJ) outflow obstruction (n=2)—and eight patients (50%) had minor motility disorders—ineffective esophageal motility (n=7), fragmented peristalsis (n=1). In those with normal esophageal motility, three patients of esophageal structure disorders (18.8%)—esophageal cancer (n=1), cardiogenic dysphagia (n=1), slight narrowing without obstruction of EGJ (n=1)—and two patients (12.5%) with chronic atrophic gastritis (n=2) were confirmed.Conclusion Esophageal motility disorders were identified in 68.8% of 16 patients with large esophageal residual barium with three patients in the major and eight patients in the minor categories. Residual barium in the esophagus was not rare and can be a sign of significant esophageal motility disorders.
Relationship Between Language Anxiety and English Speaking Performance
Authors: Chen I-Ju , Cheng Kai-Ru , Chuang Chieh-Hsiang
Published: October 2022

This study investigated the relationship between language language anxiety and English speaking performance among Taiwanese college students. The participants were 59 students attending a one-semester course entitled English Speaking Communication at a university in central Taiwan. They underwent computer-based oral proficiency tests and completed the Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety Scale. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Pearson product-moment correlation. The English majors experienced moderate levels of anxiety when taking the computer-based speaking test, and a negative but nonsignificant correlation was discovered between foreign language anxiety and speaking performance on the computer-based exam. Pedagogical suggestions for second-language educators are presented herein. 
What Drives Network Governance? A Microstructural Approach
Authors: Vizzoto Andrieli , Renato Verschoore Jorge
Published: October 2022

This paper focuses on addressing the importance of governing collaborative networks. Such collaboration arrangements face barriers and need governance to coordinate their actions to overcome obstacles and also to organize their activities in the pursuit of their members’ common goals. One of the main barriers faced by network governance is the balance among coordination and cooperation, or authority and autonomy. It is necessary to create a collaborative environment, where the network members feel they are part of the process, but also one that guides the process in the right direction. Therefore, we proposed that looking at collaborative network governance is exploring its microstructure, represented by the functions, and analyzing those from the authority and autonomy perspective. Approaching network governance from this perspective, generating a theoretical stance on it, gives future studies a path to go forwards, using the functions as microstructures from where to ground research, especially when thinking about what can replace authority in horizontal network governance relation.
Conflicts of Interest in International Commercial Arbitration
Authors: Kalantzi Anastasia Christina
Published: October 2022

Conflicts of Interest in International Commercial Arbitration: The Issue of Repeat Appointments of Arbitrators

Independence, impartiality and disclosure are primordial principles governing the process of international commercial arbitration. Taking the tie from the recent judgments of the UK Supreme Court Halliburton v. Chubb, this article aims to specifically discuss the issue of the repetition of appointments of arbitrators. Although repetition of arbitrators could raise justifiable doubts of bias (and has done so in case law), the circumstances under which those doubts could affect the arbitrator’s impartiality and independence have not been clarified yet. Throughout this article, I will consider the different approaches taken concerning the issue of repeat appointments, and I will argue that although the qualitative approach is more realistic and efficient than the quantitative one, it still leaves much room for interpretation according to the specificities of the case ad hoc. I will therefore propose three criteria that could prove more practical when evaluating repeat appointments. I will then conclude by pointing out that although those solutions could prove to be useful, the critical question remains: does familiarity created with repetition actually breed partiality?
Het verzwaarde Italiaanse detentieregime als voorbeeld voor de Nederlandse maffiabestrijding
Authors: Peters L.J.J. (Laura) , Vanzan S. (Sofia)
Published: October 2022

Het verzwaarde Italiaanse detentieregime als voorbeeld voor de Nederlandse maffiabestrijding

In de politiek klinkt momenteel de roep om invoering van een strikt detentieregime voor gevaarlijke zware criminelen, naar het voorbeeld van het Italiaanse artikel 41-bis O.P. In de media doen nu verschillende stellingnames de ronde, waaronder de opvatting dat dit regime in strijd is met het EVRM en (mede daardoor) niet binnen de Nederlandse strafrechtelijke context past. Dat is zonder nadere nuance niet juist. Dit artikel beoogt door een uitvoerige uiteenzetting van de Italiaanse ‘carcere duro’ op basis van een bestudering van de directe, relevante Italiaanse rechtsbronnen een bijdrage te leveren aan een (beter) geïnformeerde discussie over dit controversiële onderwerp.
NAFOL Year Book 2014
Authors: Smith Kari , Jakhelln Rachel , Watt Helen M. G. , Richardson Paul W. , Lunenberg Mieke , Lie Sissel , Sjølie Ela , Æsøy Knut Ove , Steele Annfrid Rosøy , Danielsen Anne G. , Vestheim Ole Petter , Bjerke Annette Hessen
Published: October 2022

Flertallet av studentene ved landets høyere utdanningsinstitusjoner er kvinner, og det er like mange kvinner som menn som tar doktorgrad. Likevel er over to tredeler av professorene ved landets universiteter og høgskoler menn. Hvordan kan vi forstå denne vedvarende kjønnsubalansen? Hva er det med akademia som gjør at kvinner faller fra på veien opp mot professornivå?  
Denne boken springer ut av Forskningsrådets BALANSE-program, et initiativ for å bedre kjønnsbalansen i norsk universitets-, høyskole- og instituttsektor. Forfatterne har samlet kunnskap og erfaringer fra prosjektene, og presenterer nye analyser og perspektiver knyttet til kjønn og akademia. Boken løfter frem kjønnsbalanseproblematikken og setter den inn i ulike kontekster. Tekstene inneholder både skråblikk, dilemmaer og nye perspektiver som vil være verdifulle for forskere, studenter og andre som engasjerer seg i spørsmål om kjønn og utdanning.
Validity and Value of Teacher Education Research
Authors: Sunde John Ivar , Winter Philip , Brunstad Paul Otto , Oliverio Stefano , Strand Gro Marte , Amdal Irina Ivashenko , Ulvik Marit , Tyrfingsdóttir Júlíana , Jónsdóttir Arna H. , Jenssen Mette Marit Forsmo , Johannessen Wenche Hammer , Oltedal Elizabeth , Holst-Larsen Ragnvald , Veka Ingfrid , Wergedahl Hege , Holthe Asle , Hanssen Natallia B. , Klungeland Monica , Ólafsson Waage Ingimar , Symeonidis Vasileios
Published: October 2022

Denne fjerde NAFOL-boken er nok et viktig bidrag til kunnskapsfeltet om og for lærerutdanningen. Som tidligere NAFOL-bøker inneholder den en samling av forskningsartikler om verdi og validitet i lærerutdanningsforskning som krysser nasjonale grenser, fagdisipliner og ikke minst utdanningsnivå, fra barnehage til videregående og forskeropplæringen.
Med artikler fra England, Østerrike, Italia, Island og Norge gir boken et innblikk i dagens internasjonale lærerutdanningsforskning, særlig med tanke på at data er hentet inn fra Hviterussland og hele Europa. Også i denne boken har vi valgt å beholde originalspråket artiklene er skrevet på, og det er med glede vi ser at flere norske forskere melder seg inn i det internasjonale forskningsmiljøet ved å skrive på engelsk.
Samtidig er det viktig å ivareta det norske språket i forskningsformidlingen, og denne boken søker etter å finne en balanse mellom internasjonal og nasjonal formidling. Det er et stort mangfold både i forskningstematikken og forskningsmetoder, noe som preger forskningsfeltet.
NAFOL står sentralt i denne positive utviklingen med sine vel 200 tidligere og nåværende stipendiater. NAFOL-bøkene, og ikke minst denne boken, gir et godt bilde av dagens lærerutdanningsforskning. NAFOLs arbeid og bidrag til lærerutdanningsforskning er kjent langt utover Norge, og denne boken symboliserer den internasjonale dialogen om lærerutdanningsforskning som NAFOL aktivt deltar i.
Boken er en unik kilde for forskere som ønsker å holde seg oppdatert om norsk og internasjonal lærerutdanningsforskning.
KONSEP KESELAMATAN DAN APLIKASINYA DALAM PENGINJILAN
Authors: Hia Herni Wati
Published: October 2022

This paper discusses the concept of salvation and its application in evangelism. The method used is library research with Bible sources, books, and other sources related to salvation. Salvation is a gift from God to sinners. Salvation is provided by God so that humans cannot die but have eternal life with Him.Keywords: Salvation, God, Evangelism.
Karakter Pemuda dalam Titus 2:6-8 Diimplementasikan Terhadap Praktik Pengalaman Lapangan (PPL) Mengajar Mahasiswa
Authors: Vionitasari Vindi , M.Th., M.Pd.K., M.Si. Dr. Simon Subagio
Published: October 2022

Program kampus mengajar menjadi kesempatan mahasiswa sebelum lulus kuliah untuk dapat mengabdikan ilmunya kepada masyarakat. Sehingga dalam melaksanakannya, terkhusus pada masa Praktik Pengalaman Lapangan (PPL) mengajar sangat dibutuhkan karakter yang benar. Maka digunakan dasar perspektif Kekristenan mengenai karakter pemuda dalam Titus 2:6-8. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif. Metode penelitian ini berisi penjelasan konsep, teori, atau menguji (retest) teori dengan mendeskripsikan karakter pemuda. Selain itu, dijabarkan makna yang terdapat dalam Titus 2:6-8. Adapun kajian literatur yang peneliti gunakan dalam penelitian ini berasal dari buku dan artikel jurnal yang mendukung. Yang diharapkan dalam kehidupan pemuda memiliki karakter pemuda yang beriman kepada Tuhan, bijaksana, menjadi panutan dalam tindakan, serta takut akan Tuhan. Hal ini digunakan sebagai dasar hidup pemuda dalam segala hal. Kaitannya dalam melaksanakan tugas pengabdian kepada masyarakat yang diterapkan selama Praktik Pengalaman Lapangan (PPL) mengajar mahasiswa. Sebagai mahasiswa diharapkan menjadi agen penggerak perubahan dalam masyarakat dengan memiliki tekad untuk memajukan masa depan pendidikan bangsa. Dengan demikian, mahasiswa dapat bermanfaat dan memberi dampak yang baik bagi masyarakat.
Technological cooperation networks and patents in biotechnology: identification of conceptual bases
Authors: Almeida João Marcos Silva de , Costa Priscila Rezende da , Kniess Cláudia Terezinha , Cirani Claudia Brito Silva , Vils Leonardo
Published: October 2022

Objective of the study: This article seeks to explore from bibliometrics with factor analysis, the conceptual bases of the thematic networks of technological cooperation and patents in biotechnology.Methodology: We performed an exploratory factor analysis (EFA) for quantitative analyses, using the BibExcel software and the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin test (KMO) (SPSS software). The matrix of citations and quotations resulted in 86 articles, distributed in three factors, according to similarity analysis (Iramuteq software).Originality/relevance: The term “technological cooperation networks” is increasingly becoming widespread in academia and in the biotechnology sector. However, its concept comes from different theoretical fields, and in the literature, there is still a lack of convergence.Main results: The matrix of citations and quotations resulted in 86 articles, distributed in three factors, according to similarity analysis (Iramuteq software). The main contribution of the research was the identification of three converging factors, namely: 1) the central role of the biotechnology firm in articulating the knowledge, innovations, and technologies produced and disseminated in the technological cooperation networks; 2) the patent as a valuable resource that concentrates and highlights knowledge, innovations, and technological routes for the firm, its networks, and the industry; and 3) research conceived as a networked activity that promotes the intersection between science produced in universities, technologies conceived in firms, and the dissemination to industry and society of articles, patents, and innovations.Theoretical/methodological contributions: This study can contribute to the advancement of scientific knowledge by identifying the converging factors of the conceptual field of technological cooperation networks in biotechnology.
Fracture of the lateral process of the talus
Authors:   Emergency Department, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, UK., Boyce Stephen H , Goodarzi Mohammad ,   Emergency Department, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, UK., Jenkins Paul J ,   Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, UK.
Published: October 2022

An inversion injury to the ankle is one of the most common presentations to an Emergency Department. Clinicians should be aware of potential rare injuries from this mechanism which can be overlooked by following standard protocols. A fracture to the lateral process of the talus should be considered in all patients following an ankle injury with difficulty in weight bearing. Management can be operative or conservative depending on the degree of fracture displacement and the individual patient’s level of functionality.
Review article -Reinfection scenario of patients who recovered from COVID-19 and relation with viral genetic diversity
Authors:   Professor Medical of Microbiology, Botany and Microbiology Dept. Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt., Sherbiny Gamal M El- , El-Hawary Ahmad S ,   Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
Published: October 2022

An inversion injury to the ankle is one of the most common presentations to an Emergency Department. Clinicians should be aware of potential rare injuries from this mechanism which can be overlooked by following standard protocols. A fracture to the lateral process of the talus should be considered in all patients following an ankle injury with difficulty in weight bearing. Management can be operative or conservative depending on the degree of fracture displacement and the individual patient’s level of functionality.
Clinical Case of the Gaisböck Syndrome
Authors:   National Medical Research Radiological Centre, Moscow, Russia., Semochkin Sergey ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia., Cherkasova Alla ,   SM-Clinic, Moscow, Russia., Kaplanskaya Irina ,   National Medical Research Radiological Centre, Moscow, Russia., Lunin Vladimir ,   National Medical Research Radiological Centre, Moscow, Russia., Chervontseva Alevtina ,   SM-Clinic, Moscow, Russia.
Published: October 2022

This report describes the case of a 43-year-old Caucasian man with a 6-year history of hematological abnormalities associated with arterial hypertension, primary hypercholesterolemia, and obesity. The patient presented with facial redness, low erythropoietin level, negative tests for JAK2V617F, an exon 12JAK2 mutations, and mutations associated with congenital erythrocytosis; no signs of splenomegaly were found. Only regularly performed phlebotomy, but not getting blood pressure under control made it possible to lower hematocrit and hemoglobin levels.
Psychodermatology: The Significant Interaction Between the Mind and Skin
Authors:   Center for Cancer and Cosmetic Research, Aventura. FL, USA., Yousefian Faraz ,   University of Incarnate Word, San Antonio, TX, USA., Espinoza Liliana ,   Long School of Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA., Soeizi Matin ,   Brooklyn Hospital Center, Brooklyn, New York, USA., Kesty Chelsea ,   Lehigh Valley Health Network- Department of Dermatology, Allentown, Pennsylvania, USA.
Published: October 2022

Background: Fluid therapy in perioperative cesarean section remains a debated topic. Its purpose is to maintain or restore circulating blood volume and may affect the plasma acid-base balance of mother and neonatal. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the effects of Normal saline with Ringer's lactate serum on the acid-base status of mother and neonate in elective cesarean section. Methods: forty-eight healthy term parturient women scheduled for elective cesarean section were randomly divided into two groups (24 patients each). The first group received Normal saline serum and the second group received ringer lactate serum. Maternal blood samples were obtained from an indwelling cannula in a peripheral hand vein and Fetal arterial and venous blood samples were obtained at birth from a double-clamped umbilical cord. The data collected during the study included PH, PCO2, HCO3 and BE. At birth, 1- and 5-minute Apgar scores were recorded. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics at a significance level of less than 0.05. Results: Patients did not differ significantly in terms of demographic characteristics. The acidosis in mothers was higher in lactated ringer group (5%, p <0.001). There was no difference in Apgar score between the two groups. Conclusion: Normal saline compared to lactated ringer causes acidosis in mothers under elective cesarean section with spinal anesthesia, but none of them has a significant effect on the acid-base status of the infant. Appropriate fluid therapy aimed at optimization of pH can be effective for mothers who are at higher risk for acidosis.
Formulasi dan Evaluasi Sediaan Hand Body Lotion Ekstrak Etanol Daun Semangka (Citrullus lanatus) sebagai Antioksidan
Authors: Aljanah Fakihah Wardatun , Oktavia Swastika , Noviyanto Fajrin
Published: October 2022

Daun semangka (C. lanatus) mengandung flavonoid, fenolik, tanin, triterpen, sterol dan alkaloid serta memiliki aktivitas antioksidan dengan nilai IC50 sebesar 37,12 µg/mL. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak etanol daun semangka (C. lanatus) dan formulasi sediaan hand body lotion ekstrak etanol daun semangka. Jenis penelitian yang dilakukan adalah eksperimental laboratorium secara in vitro. Prosedur penelitian yaitu determinasi, pembuatan ekstrak daun semangka, skrining fitokimia, pembuatan hand body lotion ekstrak daun semangka konsentrasi 3, 5 dan 7%, evaluasi sediaan dan pengujian aktivitas antioksidan dengan metode DPPH. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol daun semangka (C. lanatus) memiliki efek antioksidan dengan nilai IC50 sebesar 56,44 ppm (kategori antioksidan kuat). Ekstrak etanol daun semangka (C.  lanatus) dapat diformulasi menjadi sediaan hand body lotion yang memenuhi persyaratan organoleptik, homogenitas, pH, viskositas, daya sebar, daya lekat dengan tipe emulsi M/A. Lotion ekstrak etanol daun semangka (C. lanatus) di semua konsentrasi yang diujikan (3, 5, 7%) tidak memiliki aktivitas antioksidan dengan nilai IC50 berturut-turut sebesar 3981,48, 842,19 dan  926,71 ppm
Pengaruh Lingkungan Kerja, Beban Kerja dan Stres Kerja terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Kantor Di PT. Bumi Menara Internusa Surabaya
Authors: Nabilah Irma , Ridwan M Sihab
Published: October 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meneliti tentang: (1) pengaruh lingkungan kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan pada PT. Bumi Menara Internusa Surabaya, (2) pengaruh beban kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan pada PT. Bumi Menara Internusa Surabaya, (3) pengaruh stres kerja terhadap kinerja pegawai kantoran pada PT. Bumi Menara Internusa Surabaya, (4) pengaruh lingkungan kerja, beban kerja, dan stres kerja secara simultan terhadap kinerja pegawai kantoran pada PT. Bumi Menara Internusa Surabaya. Alat analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah validitas, reliabilitas, normalitas data, multikolinearitas, heteroskedastisitas, autokorelasi, analisis regresi linier berganda, uji t, uji F, dan analisis determinasi. Hasil regresi linier berganda juga menjawab hipotesis yang menunjukkan bahwa lingkungan kerja, beban kerja, dan stres kerja secara simultan berpengaruh terhadap kinerja pegawai kantoran di PT. Bumi Menara Internusa Surabaya. Oleh karena itu, hasil uji t Lingkungan Kerja dan Stres Kerja berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Kantor pada PT. Bumi Menara Internusa Surabaya. Namun variabel Beban Kerja secara parsial tidak menemukan pengaruh dan tidak signifikan terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Kantor pada PT. Bumi Menara Internusa Surabaya.
Pengembangan E-Modul Menggunakan Flip PDF Corporate Edition pada Materi Perbandingan Trigonometri pada Segitiga Siku-Siku di SMA N 1 Sumbul
Authors: Simanihuruk Septina , Hia Yasifati
Published: October 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kevalidan, kepraktisan, dan keefektifan dari e-modul yang dikembangkan yang akan digunakan untuk meningkatkan ketuntasan belajar siswa pada materi Perbandingan Trigonometri pada Segitiga Siku-Siku kelas X di SMAN 1 Sumbul . Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian dan pengembangan (Research and Development) menggunakan model pengembangan Borg & Gall. Subjek uji coba dalam penelitian pengembangan ini adalah kelas X-MIA 1 SMANegeri 1 Sumbul T.A. 2021/2022. Uji coba media dilakukan pada dua skala yaitu uji coba skala kecil dengan 10 orang siswa dan skala besar dengan 35 orang siswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa e-modul yang dikembangkan valid dan layak digunakan.  Hal ini terlihat dari hasil penilaian yang diberikan oleh ahli materi dengan skor persentase 86% dan ahli media dengan skor persentase 82,64% yaitu dengan kategori “sangat layak”. Media pembelajaran yang dikembangkan juga Praktis dengan skor kepraktisan oleh guru sebesar 83,54% dan skor kepraktisan oleh siswa sebesar 87,67% dengan kategori “sangat praktis”. Dan keefektifan media pembelajaran dilihat dari ketuntasan belajar klasikal siswa yang mencapai 88,57%, dan melalui uji N-Gain menunjukkan ketuntasan belajar siswa mengalami peningkatan sebesar 0,680 dengan kategori peningkatan sedang. Dari hasil penelitian maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa e-modul yang dikembangkan layak, praktis, dan efektif digunakan untuk meningkatkan ketuntasan belajar siswa.
Uji Kualitas Pupuk Bokasi Kombinasi Bahan Lokal Daun Tumbuhan Gamal, Kirinyuh dan Lamtoro
Authors: Windi Yeremias , Uska Peku Jawang  , Melycorianda H. Ndapamuri
Published: October 2022

The purpose of the study was to determine the quality of Bokasi fertilizer with a combination of local ingredients, namely gamal leaves, kirinyuh leaves, and lamtoro leaves. The method used is purposive sampling on the combination of local materials (P1 = 5%Gamal + 2.5%Kirinyuh + 2.5%Lamtoro; P2 = 2.5%Gamal + 5%Kirinyuh + 2.5%Lamtoro; P3 = 2.5%Gamal + 2.5%Kirinyuh + 5%Lamtoro; P4= 4%Gamal +3%Kirinyuh + 3%Lamtoro; P5= 3%Gamal + 4%Kirinyuh + 3%Lamtoro; and P6= 3%Gamal + 3%Kirinyuh + 4%Lamtoro). Determination of the quality of bokasi fertilizer based on SNI 19-7003-2004. Parameters tested were pH, electrical conductivity (DHL), C-Organic, N-Total, C/N Ratio, Phosphorus, and Potassium. The test results obtained the value of pH (6.79-6.88), C-Organic (16.04-22.48), N-Total (2.96-3.30), C/N Ratio (5.22- 7.14), Phosphorus (0.63-0.64), Potassium (1.24-1.59), and DHL (3.59-4.26). Based on SNI 19-7003-2004 obtained pH, C-Organic, N, P, K meet the standard, while the C/N ratio does not meet the standard. High DHL indicates the value of fertilizer nutrients available to plants.
Pembuatan Sarpras Olahraga di SMK Negeri 10 Samarinda
Authors: Perianto Agus , Maulana Achmad , Purnama Yudha Ari , Haryanto Priangga Pratama Putra , Arifandi Muhammad , Rizky Muhammad
Published: October 2022

Olahraga sudah menjadi tanggung jawab bersama mulai dari pusat sampai ke daerah. Kegiatan olahraga di tanah air masih memerlukan perhatian dan pembinaan khusus, baik dalam usaha mencari bibit-bibit yang baru maupun dalam usaha meningkatkan prestasi atlet. Metode yang digunakan pada pelaksanaan PkM ini adalah metode tatap muka dan praktik lapangan. Dosen bersama beberapa mahasiswa Prodi PVTO selaku pelaksana PkM mengunjungi SMK N 10 Samarinda, kemudian berdiskusi dengan pihak sekolah terkait kebutuhan sarpras olahraga yang penting untuk segera diadakan. Sarpras olahraga yang dirancang kemudian dibuat oleh anggota PkM tersebut berupa tiang gawang untuk futsal dan tiang ring untuk bola basket. Anggota pelaksana PkM tersebut adalah dosen dari Prodi PVTO dan PKO, serta dibantu beberapa mahasiswa dari Prodi PVTO.