bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Deteksi Objek Menggunakan YOLO V3 Untuk Keamanan Pada Pergerakan Kursi Roda Elektrik
Authors: Krisna Wijaya Wahyu , Komang Somawirata I , Putra Muhammad Davi Labib Radimas
Published: November 2024

Image processing system is a system that has been developed to date. By using an image processing system, an image can be processed into the required information. In this study, an image processing system was created using the You Only Look Once (YOLO) algorithm which is a part of the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) [1]. This system can be applied to electric wheelchairs, especially for detecting objects from the road surface they pass. The system that will be created is to detect objects in front of the wheelchair using image processing with the You Only Look Once (YOLO) algorithm method for the safe movement of electric wheelchairs. So when the wheelchair is running, it will simultaneously detect obstacles in front of it, both from the condition of the road surface and objects in front that will block the path of the electric wheelchair. Then, the detection results will be displayed on the monitor screen in front of the driver. As a result, detection can be used for braking control of the movement of electric wheelchairs to support security systems, but here the focus is more on object detection.
PENERIMAAN KONSUMEN TERHADAP DODOL AIR KELAPA
Authors: Pertiwi Tiara , Novitasari Rifni , Yulianti
Published: November 2024

Dodol merupakan makanan yang umumnya terbuat dari campuran tepung beras ketan, santan  kelapa,  dan gula merah, Indragiri Hilir merupakan salah satu kabupaten penghasil kelapa terbanyak khsusnya di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan dodol dengan memanfaatkan air kelapa sebagai bahan utama dan untuk melihat tingkat kesukaan konsumen terhadap dodol yang dihasilkan. Penelitian ini melalui proses persiapan bahan baku, pengolahan dan uji organoleptik. Hasil penelitian uji organoleptik terhadap dodol air kelapa didapatkan  perlakuan terbaik yaitu perlakuan B dengan nilai rata-rata pada warna 3,25% (agak suka), aroma 3,70% (suka), tekstur 3,45% (agak suka) dan rasa 3,55% (suka). Pembuatan dodol dengan air kelapa dapat meningkatkan pemanfaatan air dan menghasilkan dodol dengan cita rasa yang spesifik.
Kata Kunci: Air kelapa, Dodol, Uji Organoleptik
Implementation of the CNN Algorithm for Classification of Electric Meter Recording Images
Authors: Harni Kusniyati  , Raka Yusuf  , Nuryasin
Published: November 2024

Electricity is a basic human need in carrying out every activity. Electricity usage can be measured using a KWH meter. In Indonesia, electricity customers are divided into two, namely Prepaid and Postpaid. Postpaid electricity customers need to record the numbers written on the KWH meter to find out the rupiah electricity bill that must be charged. In the implementation of recording these numbers, it is not uncommon to encounter obstacles such as a locked customer's fence and so on, so the meter reading results must be re-validated. This study aims to validate the meter record images which are classified into three classes using the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) algorithm with the Resnet34 architecture. In this study, the highest accuracy level for the Resnet34 architecture was obtained, with an accuracy rate of 97.50%.
ПОДАТКОВЕ ПЛАНУВАННЯ ТА ПРОГНОЗУВАННЯ НА ПІДПРИЄМСТВАХ: ТЕОРЕТИКО-МЕТОДИЧНІ ЗАСАДИ, ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ТА НАПРЯМКИ ВДОСКОНАЛЕННЯ
Authors: Огренич Юлія , Меняйло Вікторія , Забєліна Діана
Published: November 2024

Підприємства функціонують в умовах постійного впливу факторів ринкового середовища, що позначається на показниках фінансової діяльності. Одним із факторів впливу на прибутковість підприємств є змінність податкового законодавства, рівень податкового навантаження, податкова система країни. Все це вимагає від підприємств пошуку та визначення способів оптимізації податкового навантаження та відповідно постає потреба у здійсненні податкового планування і прогнозування. Зокрема, якісне проведення податкового планування дасть змогу знизити рівень податкового навантаження на роботу підприємства враховуючи вимоги діючого законодавства. Поряд з цим, важливим є здійснення податкового прогнозування, що дозволить здійснити прогноз податків та сприятиме визначенню способів їх оптимізації. В статті проаналізовано існуючі підходи до визначення понять «податкове планування» та «податкове прогнозування», що дозволило встановити важливість їх здійснення на підприємствах. Визначено особливості податкового планування на підприємстві та виокремлено мету податкового планування, завдання, принципи, етапи. Дотримання визначених етапів дозволить налагодити процес податкового планування на підприємстві. Досліджено динаміку надходжень податкових платежів до державного та зведеного бюджету. Здійснено прогноз податкових надходжень за окремими видами податків на 2024-2026 рр. Визначено переваги і недоліки для підприємств в рамках податкового планування та прогнозування. Сформовано пропозиції та напрями удосконалення податкового планування і прогнозування на підприємстві: використання програмного забезпечення для автоматизації податкового планування та прогнозування; врахування змін податкового законодавства; залучення кваліфікованих фахівців у сфері податкового планування та прогнозування; оптимізація системи оподаткування; дослідження та врахування досвіду міжнародних компаній; використання цифрових технологій під час податкового прогнозування; розробка способів зниження рівня податкового навантаження на підставі врахування прогнозних показників; розробка системи податкового планування та прогнозування, яка адаптована до роботи підприємств.
МІЖНАРОДНА ДОПОМОГА ВІДБУДОВІ ДЛЯ СТАЛОГО РОЗВИТКУ УКРАЇНИ
Authors: Нечипорук Людмила , Шелєхова Вікторія
Published: November 2024

Уточнено, що результати впливу міжнародної допомоги на забезпечення соціально-економічного розвитку країни не завжди відповідають очікуванням, що зумовлено низкою проблем відносно ефективності використання коштів. Запропоновано для оцінки потенціалу впливу міжнародної допомоги щодо структурних змін в економіці, розвитку інфраструктури, реформування соціальної політики та досягнення Україною цілей сталого розвитку в умовах постійних викликів та змін використовувати аналіз сильних, слабких сторін, можливостей та загроз (SWOT Analysis). Закцентувано на сильних сторонах міжнародної допомоги: різноманітність донорської бази через підтримку з боку широкого кола країн, її комплексність та орієнтація на стратегічне партнерство, що реалізується через співпрацю з міжнародними інституціями. Потенційно слабкими сторонами міжнародної допомоги визнано її фрагментацію та дублювання, формування залежності та небезпеку втрати автономії України у прийнятті рішень, ризик корупції та неефективного управління. Уточнено, що найактуальніші для України додаткові можливості міжнародної допомоги для відбудови та сталого розвитку наразі пов’язані як з підтримкою оборонного потенціалу, так і з узгодженням з національними стратегіями та пріоритетами розвитку. Серед загроз міжнародної допомоги виокремлено постійні загрози безпеці, проблеми в управлінні в умовах економічної нестабільності, валютні коливання та фіскальний тиск, що можуть підірвати стійкість ініціатив з надання допомоги, обмежити спроможність уряду ефективно освоювати кошти, вносячи невизначеність та ризики для планування та подальшого надання міжнародної допомоги.
Talent management strategies and practices in the age of digital transformation: Building bridges to successful hospitality organisations in the UK, Greece, and Hong Kong
Authors: Kichuk Aliaksei , Hui Tracy , Kourtidis Michalis
Published: November 2024

The paper examines Talent Management strategies and practices in the age of digital transformation in 3, 4, and 5-star hotels in the UK, Greece, and Hong Kong. Using a mixed-methods research approach, the study first conducted an online survey with 63 participants from hotels in the countries mentioned above. Secondly, 20 semi-structured interviews were conducted with UK hotel professionals. The results show that hotels that are more mature in digitalisation and digitisation have created a culture of confidence and trust in technology which is conducive to integrating emerging technologies and AI in Talent Management strategies and practices. This is a pilot study that aims to understand the stage in which hotel companies are currently in the digital transformation of TM. Key Words: Talent Management (TM), artificial intelligence (AI), hospitality industry, TAM, UTAUT
Reflections of Mind Games Used in Primary School Mathematics Lessons on Teaching and Learning Process: A Case Study
Authors: Filiz Tunahan
Published: November 2024

This study focused on the opinions of classroom teachers regarding the reflections of mind games used in mathematics lessons on the teaching and learning process. Case study design, which is one of the qualitative research types, was used in the study. The views of 15 classroom teachers, who used mind games in primary school mathematics lessons and received training on mind games were examined. The criterion sampling method was followed to identify the teachers, who would participate the study. The interview and observation forms developed by the researcher were used to collect the data. Content analysis method was used to analyse the data gathered. The content analysis findings presented the participant's opinions in 14 categories grouped around five themes. As a result of the research, it was determined that classroom teachers used brain teasers to improve students' mathematical skills and to increase their motivation and interest in the lesson. In addition, it was determined that classroom teachers frequently used mind games based on reasoning and operation games in mathematics lessons. In addition, it was concluded that mind games used in the process of teaching and learning mathematics contribute to both cognitive development and social and emotional development of students. Finally, it was determined that classroom teachers experienced difficulties arising from teaching, students and school in the mathematics teaching process supported by mind games. For this reason, a mind games activity guide can be prepared by classroom teachers in primary school mathematics lessons.
Menumbuhkan Minat Menulis Cerpen Siswa SMP Kelas VIII di SMP Kristen Haleluyah Jakarta Pusat
Authors: Matondang Yola , Tanjung Yona Rantika , Anandari Elisa
Published: November 2024

Mengasah keterampilan menulis penting dilakukan sejak dini karena beberapa manfaat, yaitu memperkaya pembendaharaan kata, mengasah ide dan gagasan kreatif yang dimiliki, serta mendapatkan penghasilan dari kegiatan menulis yang dilakukan. Minat menulis perlu ditumbuhkan terutama di kalangan remaja saat ini, karena menulis merupakan salah satu aspek penting ketika melakukan komunikasi dengan bahasa tulis dan merupakan keterampilan berbahasa yang wajib dimiliki oleh seseorang. Oleh karena itu, kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk menumbuhkan minat menulis terutama cerpen pada siswa kelas VIII SMP Kristen Haleluyah Jakarta Pusat. Metode pelaksanaan kegiatan ini berupa pendidikan sekaligus penyuluhan serta pendampingan. Adapun hasil dari kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini adalah tumbuhnya minat menulis cerpen siswa kelas VIII SMP Kristen Haleluyah Jakarta Pusat sebanyak 53,3%. Sebelum dllakukan kegiatan abdimas minat menulis cerpen siswa kelas VIII hanya 40% dan setelah melakukan kegiatan  minat menulis cerpen meningkat menjadi 93,3%.
 
Kata Kunci: Minat; Menulis; Cerpen.
Penyuluhan dan Pelatihan Budidaya Jamur Tiram untuk Mengurangi Penyebaran Hama Trichoderma sp. di Oemah Jamur, Tangerang
Authors: Irawati Wahyu , Tammu Reisky Megawati , Siahaan Herna , Laia Clement Khrisman , Manalu Damai Yanti
Published: November 2024

Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (PkM) diadakan sebagai solusi untuk masalah pengusaha Oemah Jamur di Tangerang, di Perumahan Aster 3, Jalan Cendana 2 Blok A 6/28. Berdasarkan analisis situasi, permasalahan yang dihadapi mitra adalah jamur Trichoderma sp. yang tumbuh bersama dengan jamur tiram sehingga dapat menyebabkan kerugian. Kegiatan PkM ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk melakukan penyuluhan dan pelatihan tentang budidaya jamur tiram untuk mengurangi penyebaran hama Trichoderma sp. dengan melakukan budidaya di ruangan menggunakan Air Conditioner (AC). Metode pelaksanaan PkM adalah ceramah dan pelatihan. Durasi waktu kegiatan PkM adalah 12 bulan yang terdiri atas empat tahapan yaitu: 1) persiapan, 2) penyuluhan, 3) pendampingan, dan 4) evaluasi. Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan keberhasilan kegiatan PkM yang dilihat dari pertanyaan yang diberikan. Mitra PkM dapat memahami penyebab terjadinya serangan hama Trichoderma pada jamur tiram, mengetahui cara budidaya jamur tiram menggunakan ruangan ber AC, serta memiliki niat yang sangat tinggi untuk mempraktikan pemaparan materi yang sudah dijelaskan oleh pembicara.
Sosialisasi Pentingnya Penguatan Motivasi Diri Dalam Mengantisipasi Penyalahgunaan Narkoba Pada Pemuda HKBP Suprapto Jakarta Pusat
Authors: Regina Desideria , S Netty Laura , Tarigan Arya Gina , Pardede Mazmur , Engelina Yesika
Published: November 2024

Remaja merupakan salah satu tabungan bangsa dan sangat dinanti oleh tokoh proklamator sebagai generasi penerus yang berperan dalam pembanguan bangsa dan negara. Remaja memiliki hak dan kewajiban ikut serta dalam membangun bangsa Indonesia yang lebih baik serta ber akhlak mulia di dalam sosial masyarakat, salah satu sumber daya manusia yang memiliki potensi dan memiliki peranan yang strategis dan memiliki kedudukan sebagai generasi penerus cita-cita bangsa di tengah kehidupan masyarakat. Penyalahgunaan narkoba merupakan masalah perilaku manusia, bukan semata-mata masalah zat atau narkoba itu sendiri. Sebagai masalah perilaku banyak faktor yang mempengaruhinya. Oleh karena itu, informasi mengenai bahaya penyalahgunaan narkoba kepada anak dan remaja sangat diperlukan. Pemuda Jemaat HKBP Suprapto dikategorikan memiliki ketahanan diri tinggi terhadap penyalahgunaan narkotika jika pengetahuan dan pemahamannya terkait bahaya penyalahgunaan narkotika mampu diterapkannya pada situasi tersebut. Oleh karena itu, pada kajian ketahanan diri pemuda terhadap penyalahgunaan narkotika di Gereja ini dimaksudkan untuk melihat sejauh mana kemampuan/ketangguhan Pemuda Jemaat HKBP Suprapto dalam mengantisipasi ancaman penyalahgunaan narkotika. Mewujudkan pemuda yang tangguh terhadap ancaman penyalahgunaan narkotika pada remaja diperlukan suatu pembinaan yang berkesinambungan dan berkelanjutan. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini penulis mencoba melakukan suatu kajian ilmiah terkait ketahanan diri pada pemuda terhadap penyalahgunaan narkotika di HKBP Suprapto dengan menganalisis faktor-faktor yang menentukan ketahanan diri pemuda secara onsite.
kata kunci: manajemen sumber daya manusia, ketahanan diri, motivasi diri
PERBEDAAN HASIL KADAR HEMOGLOBIN MENGGUNAKAN HEMATOLOGY ANALYZER DAN POCT
Authors: Zalfa Anisatuz , Nugraha Gilang , Wulan Wieke Sri , Prayekti Endah
Published: November 2024

Hemoglobin is a protein molecule in red blood cells that carries O2 throughout the body. Hemoglobin contains iron which makes blood red. The hemoglobin level is a measure of the respiratory pigment present in the erythrocytes, which is used to determine anemia. This study was to see if there were differences in the results of hemoglobin levels using a hematology analyzer and POCT. This study used a hematology analyzer and POCT to determine the accuracy of the results obtained on the examination of hemoglobin levels. The aim of this study was to determine differences in the results of hemoglobin levels using a hematology analyzer and POCT. This type of research is analytic observational with a cross sectional approach. This study used venous blood samples using the hematology analyzer method and capillary blood samples using the POCT method as many as 54 samples. Collecting data using purposive sampling technique. The research was conducted in May 2023. The analytical test used the Independent T Test. Based on the research results, the p-value = 0.212 so that H0 is accepted, which means that there is no difference in the results of hemoglobin levels using a hematology analyzer and POCT. Based on the independent t test, the results obtained were a p-value of 0.212, which means that there was no difference in the results of hemoglobin levels using a hematology analyzer and POCT.
Perkütan Endoskopik Gastrostomiyle İlişkili Komplikasyonların İnme Alt Tipi ile ilişkisi
Authors: Algül Fatma Ebru , Kablan Yüksel
Published: November 2024

Amaç: Akut inme geçiren hastalarda disfaji çok sık karşılaşılan bir durumdur. Yutma güçlüğü olan ve fonksiyonel olarak gastrointestinal sistemi sağlam olan hastalarda uzun süreli enteral beslenmenin sağlanması için ilk tercih edilmesi gereken besleme yöntemi perkütan endoskopik gastrostomi (PEG) uygulamasıdır. Biz bu çalışmada kliniğimizde takip edilen inmeli hastalara uygulanan endoskopik PEG işlemi sonrası gelişen komplikasyonlarda inme alt tipine göre farklılık olup olmadığını değerlendirmeyi amaçladık.
Materyal-method: Çalışmaya 2012 yılı Ocak ile 2023 Haziran ayı arasında İnönü Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Nöroloji Yoğun Bakım Ünitesine inme tanısı ile yatırılan PEG işlemi uygulanmış 75 hasta dahil edildi. İskemik inme ile hemorajik inme hastaları; yaş, cinsiyet, giriş NIHSS (National Institues Of Health Stroke Scale) skoru, hipertansiyon ve diabetes mellitus varlığı, geçirilmiş inme, PEG sonrası gelişen minör/majör veya herhangi bir zaman aralığında görülen tüp disfonksiyonu ile ilişkili komplikasyonların türü ve PEG sonrası erken/geç dönem mortalite oranları yönünden karşılaştırıldı.
Bulgular: İskemik ve hemorajik inme hastaları arasında giriş NIHSS skoru hariç, yaş, cinsiyet, vasküler risk faktörleri, PEG takılma süresi, erken ve geç dönemde görülen mortalite oranları açısından anlamlı bir farklılık saptanmadı (p>0.05). Her iki inme alt tipinde PEG ile ilişkili görülen komplikasyonların türü bakımından fark olmadığı saptandı.
Sonuç: Sonuç olarak PEG işlemi uygulaması düşük mortalite ve morbidite oranına sahip olması, düşük maliyet, yüksek etkinliğe sahip olması nedeni ile uzun dönem enteral beslenmede her iki inme tipi için de tercih edilecek güvenli bir yöntemdir. Bu çalışma inme alt tipine göre PEG ile ilişkili komplikasyonları karşılaştıran literatürdeki ilk çalışmadır.
Aliasing and Entanglement in the Riemann Zeta Function: A Signal Processing Framework for Zero Formation
Authors: Dettmers Sebastian
Published: November 2024

This paper presents a mathematical framework that analyzes the Riemann zeta function through principles of signal processing, focusing on aliasing effects that emerge in the summation of the Dirichlet series for its real and imaginary parts. These aliasing effects, formalized as the alias zeta function, preserve the phase structure and amplitude of the original Dirichlet series along the critical line, mirroring the original summands with precise phase alignment. This framework reveals a new axis of symmetry in the zeta function, where aliasing effects and original summands interact in a structured, mirrored relationship. The periodic rotation of these aliasing components induces a distinct periodicity in the zeta function, leading to regular interference patterns between the real and imaginary parts and their corresponding aliasing components. A central insight of this framework is that the real and imaginary parts of the zeta function are not independent but are intrinsically coupled through the rotational dynamics of their aliasing effects. This coupling enforces simultaneous cancellations along the critical line, where the precise phase alignment between original and aliasing components results in synchronized zero formation. Furthermore, the framework provides an explanation for the absence of zeros off the critical line. Off the critical line, the essential proportional relationship between the real and imaginary parts and their aliasing components is disrupted, breaking the symmetry required for simultaneous cancellation. This disruption prevents the synchronized alignment needed for zero formation, confining non-trivial zeros to the critical line.
Interplay between reactive oxygen species and ERK activation in cervical cancer cells
Authors: Larrauri-Rodríguez Karen Andrea , Leon-Chavez Bertha Alicia , Vallejo-Ruiz Verónica , Peña Lourdes Millán-Perez , Maycotte Paola
Published: November 2024

Introduction

Among the types of cancer affecting women, cervical cancer (CC) is a public health problem with high global incidence and mortality rates. It is currently classified into three main histological types: squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), adenocarcinoma (AC), and adenosquamous (ASC) carcinoma. All of them lack a targeted therapy. The primary risk factor for CC is Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) infection, which is known to increase reactive oxygen species (ROS), contributing to malignant transformation and tumor progression. At basal levels, ROS can function as second messengers in signaling pathways, and elevated concentrations have been linked to their overactivation. One of these, the ERK pathway, is implicated in both cell proliferation and differentiation and is often dysregulated in cancer, promoting malignant transformation. Several studies have proposed antioxidant supplementation or ERK inhibitors as potential therapies.

Methods

In vitro studies were performed using CC cell lines. ROS levels were evaluated by flow cytometry; cellular proliferation, death and migration were evaluated using real-time microscopy; cell viability was evaluated with crystal violet staining, and phosphorylated ERK levels were evaluated by Western Blot. A bioinformatic analysis was done in a cervical cancer database.

Results

We elucidate part of the complex interplay between ROS and ERK pathway in CC pro-tumorigenic characteristics. Through bioinformatic analysis, we found distinct ROS and ERK activation patterns across CC tumor samples from different histological types. However, in vitro, ROS regulated migration and viability in CC, with no discernible variance based on histological classification. ERK activation, however, differed according to the histological type with SCC displaying increased ERK activation compared to AC and regulating cellular migration in SCC cells.

Discussion

Our study identifies a potential synergistic interaction between ROS and ERK inhibitors, highlighting the therapeutic promise of combinatorial targeting for CC treatment. These findings underscore the importance of personalized approaches aimed at improving the outcomes of CC patients.
Prevention and control of cardiovascular disease in “real-world” settings: sustainable implementation of effective policies
Authors: Mendis Shanthi , Graham Ian
Published: November 2024

Global progress in addressing cardiovascular diseases (CVD) has been insufficient to attain the nine WHO non-communicable disease (NCD) targets and the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) target of reducing premature NCD mortality by one-third by 2030. Progress has been slowest in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) where addressing the CVD burden is a foremost development imperative. This review examines the reasons for this situation to propose a way forward. First, we review policy instruments to address behavioral and metabolic risk factors of CVD and health system interventions to improve cardiovascular outcomes. Second, we illustrate the financial, health workforce, health system challenges, and weak national capacity that impede the implementation of these policy instruments. Third, we discuss how LMIC might move forward despite these challenges by (a) giving due consideration to contextual and other factors that determine the success of policy implementation (b) including affordable, high-impact interventions as the core of the universal health coverage health benefit package with primary health care as the foundation and (c) by taking note of the WHO guidance provided in the 2023–2030 implementation roadmap for the Global Action Plan for prevention and control of NCD.
The correlation between severe asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis and severe multi-organ dysfunction after off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting
Authors: Wang Tong , Zhao Chang , Cao Jian , Zhang Kui , Wang Rui , Xiao Yu , Dong Ran , Wang Jiayang
Published: November 2024

Background

The current research aimed to demonstrate the independent association between preoperative severe asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis (ACAS) and severe multi-organ dysfunction after off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCAB), which may further indicate the relationship between severe ACAS and adverse 30-day postoperative outcomes of patients undergoing OPCAB.

Methods

This was a single-center, retrospective observational study including patients without a history of stroke or Transient Ischemic Attacks (TIA) (asymptomatic), who underwent for an isolated OPCAB in the center for operative treatment of coronary artery disease of Beijing Anzhen Hospital from January 2020 to December 2021. All enrolled patients underwent carotid artery ultrasound prior to OPCAB. The information was extracted independently by two authors of the study from the medical records. Both univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted.

Results

A total of 562 patients met the inclusion criteria for the current study. 63 (11.2%) suffered from severe ACAS. The Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) maximum in the severe ACAS group was significantly higher than that in the non-severe ACAS group (9.76 ± 3.03 vs. 7.75 ± 2.96, p < 0.0001), and a higher proportion of patients in the severe ACAS group exhibited severe multi-organ dysfunction (44.4% vs. 14.0%, p < 0.0001). In addition, severe ACAS was related to an increased rate of 30-day postoperative major adverse cardiovascular and cerebral events (MACCEs), including a 30-day postoperative stroke. Severe ACAS was associated with an elevated risk of delirium, and acute kidney injury (AKI). The results of the multivariate analysis demonstrated that severe ACAS may be independently associated with severe multi-organ dysfunction (OR, 7.37, 95% CI 4.80–14.30, p < 0.0001) after OPCAB. Also, severe ACAS may be independently associated with 30-day postoperative stroke (OR, 2.83, 95% CI 1.03–7.75, p = 0,043).

Conclusions

Severe ACAS was independently associated with severe multi-organ dysfunction after OPCAB, which may be associated further with an increased rate of 30-day postoperative mortality and complications. This study highlights: (1) the importance of personalized assessment for potential advantages and disadvantages in prognosis of severe ACAS patients undergoing OPCAB with carotid endarterectomy; (2) the role of multi-organ parameters, especially cardio-cerebral factors, should be emphasized during the process of severe ACAS management.
Investigation on corrosion and interface conductivity of TA1 under dynamic loads in proton exchange membrane water electrolyzer anodic environment
Authors: Huang Yao , Li Lin , Yao Jizheng , Zhang Gaoqun , Deng Zhanfeng , Zhang Bin
Published: November 2024

In this paper, the electrochemical and corrosion behavior of pure titanium (TA1) in simulated Proton Exchange Membrane Water Electrolysis (PEMWE) anodic environment was investigated. In this condition, the corrosion potential of TA1 was −689 mV, with a self-corrosion current density of 232.5 μA cm–2, and a polarization resistance of 125.9 Ω cm2. During potentiostatic polarization at 2 V, the current density was maintained at approximately 6 mA cm–2. However, the passivation process exhibited instability. Furthermore, this process has been shown to significantly facilitate the formation of surface oxides, and the passive film that formed displays the lowest bound water and OH−, and the highest content of O2–, exhibiting the highest average valence. Notably, dynamic potentials caused current transients, among which square wave potential was the most remarkable. The square wave potential shows an O2– content just below that of 2V potential polarization when fluctuating potentials are applied. The interfacial contact resistance (ICR) of 2 V potentiostatic polarization was slightly higher than that of square, sine and triangular waves. Additionally, the high temperature condition of PEMWE will aggravate the corrosion of TA1 by fluoride ions.
Changing characteristics of land cover, landscape pattern and ecosystem services in the Bohai Rim region of China
Authors: Liu Jiaqi , Chen Wei , Ding Hu , Liu Zhanhang , Xu Min , Singh Ramesh P. , Liu Congqiang
Published: November 2024

Since the Anthropocene, ecosystems have been continuously deteriorating due to global climate change and human intervention. Exploring the changing characteristics of land use/land cover (LULC), landscape pattern and ecosystem service (ES) and their drivers is crucial for regional ecosystem management and sustainable development. Taking the Bohai Rim region of China as an example, we used the land use transfer matrix, landscape pattern index and InVEST model to analyze the changing characteristics of LULC, landscape pattern and six key ESs [crop production (CP), water yield (WY), carbon storage (CS), soil conservation (SC), habitat quality (HQ), landscape aesthetics (LA)] during 2000–2020. Detailed analysis of the natural and anthropogenic factors affecting the landscape pattern and ES changes has been considered in this study. The results show that the areas of forest, water and impervious land increased, while those of cropland, shrubs, grassland and barren land decreased during 2000–2020. The landscape was fragmented, complex and decentralized during 2000–2015, while the three trends eased during 2015–2020. From 2000 to 2020, CP, WY, and SC capacity show an increasing trend, while CS, HQ, and LA capacity tend to a decline. Natural factors (e.g., precipitation, temperature, altitude) and human factors (e.g., technological progress, policy changes, and LULC forms) are the main factors affecting landscape pattern and ESs. The present study can provide theoretical basis for ecological restoration, ecological product value realization, and land planning in the typical developed urban area.
Optimal limb regeneration strategies in Hemigrapsus sanguineus
Authors: Fletcher Laura S. , Griffen Blaine D.
Published: November 2024

Non-lethal injury in animals is both common and costly. The cost of regenerating autotomized limbs may leave less energy available for processes such as reproduction and growth, leading to trade-offs. Such trade-offs are context-dependent, and an individual’s energy allocation strategies may vary widely based on its condition and the environment. However, many traditional bioenergetics models have relied on fixed energy allocation rules, such as the -rule of dynamic energy budget theory, which assumes a fixed proportion (κ) of assimilated energy is always allocated to growth and maintenance. To determine whether incorporating optimality approaches into bioenergetics models improves the ability to predict energy allocation, we developed a dynamic state variable model that identifies optimal limb regeneration strategies in a model system, the Asian shore crab Hemigrapsus sanguineus. Our model predictions align with known patterns for this species, including increased regeneration effort with injury severity, a shift from reproduction to growth as consumption amount increases, and an increase in regeneration effort as regeneration progresses. Lastly, Monte Carlo simulations of individuals from a previous experiment demonstrate that flexible energy allocation successfully predicts reproductive effort, suggesting that this approach may improve the accuracy of bioenergetics modeling.
Efficacy and safety of atezolizumab–bevacizumab vs pembrolizumab-lenvatinib in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: a retrospective, cohort study
Authors: Hu Zili , Yang Zhoutian , Fu Zibo , Fu Yizhen , Ma Zeliang , Zhou Zhongguo , Chen Minshan , Zhang Yaojun
Published: November 2024

Background

The relative superiority of atezolizumab–bevacizumab versus pembrolizumab-lenvatinib in treatment of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains uncertain. This study aims to compare the efficacy of atezolizumab–bevacizumab and pembrolizumab-lenvatinib in first-line treatments for unresectable HCC.

Methods

A total of 72 patients receiving pembrolizumab-lenvatinib (PL group) and 92 patients receiving atezolizumab-bevacizumab (AB group) between January 2019 and June 2023 were included in this study. By employing propensity score matching (PSM), we compared the overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) between the two groups.

Results

After PSM, the 1-, 2-, and 3-year OS rates were 70.4%, 54.5%, and 40.0% in the PL group, and 88.4%, 44.2%, and 44.2% in the AB group, respectively. The 6-, 12-, and 18-month PFS rates were 56.9%, 43.0%, and 32.1% in the PL group, and 74.2%, 40.9%, and 30.7% in the AB group, respectively. No significant differences were observed in both OS (HR, 0.498; 95% CI, 0.217-1.143; P = 0.1) and PFS (HR, 0.913; 95% CI, 0.512-0.1.629; P = 0.758) between the two groups. Through subgroup analysis, we developed a Cirrhosis-Portal vein invasion-ALBI (CPA) score and identified that the AB group exhibited significantly longer OS than the PL group in the CPA high population (HR, 0.219; 95% CI, 0.075–0.637; P = 0.005). The treatment-related adverse events between the PL group and the AB group were comparable.

Conclusions

This study suggests that the efficacy of pembrolizumab-lenvatinib and atezolizumab-bevacizumab is comparable in first-line treatment of unresectable HCC, the atezolizumab-bevacizumab combination may confer additional benefits for patients with high CPA scores compared to pembrolizumab-lenvatinib.
Machine learning-informed liquid-liquid phase separation for personalized breast cancer treatment assessment
Authors: Wang Tao , Wang Shu , Li Zhuolin , Xie Jie , Chen Huan , Hou Jing
Published: November 2024

Background

Breast cancer, characterized by its heterogeneity, is a leading cause of mortality among women. The study aims to develop a Machine Learning-Derived Liquid-Liquid Phase Separation (MDLS) model to enhance the prognostic accuracy and personalized treatment strategies for breast cancer patients.

Methods

The study employed ten machine learning algorithms to construct 108 algorithm combinations for the MDLS model. The robustness of the model was evaluated using multi-omics and single-cell data across 14 breast cancer cohorts, involving 9,723 patients. Genetic mutation, copy number alterations, and single-cell RNA sequencing were analyzed to understand the molecular mechanisms and predictive capabilities of the MDLS model. Immunotherapy targets were predicted by evaluating immune cell infiltration and immune checkpoint expression. Chemotherapy targets were identified through correlation analysis and drug responsiveness prediction.

Results

The MDLS model demonstrated superior prognostic power, with a mean C-index of 0.649, outperforming 69 published signatures across ten cohorts. High-MDLS patients exhibited higher tumor mutation burden and distinct genomic alterations, including significant gene amplifications and deletions. Single-cell analysis revealed higher MDLS activity in tumor-aneuploid cells and identified key regulatory factors involved in MDLS progression. Cell-cell communication analysis indicated stronger interactions in high-MDLS groups, and immunotherapy response evaluation showed better outcomes for low-MDLS patients.

Conclusion

The MDLS model offers a robust and precise tool for predicting breast cancer prognosis and tailoring personalized treatment strategies. Its integration of multi-omics and machine learning highlights its potential clinical applications, particularly in improving the effectiveness of immunotherapy and identifying therapeutic targets for high-MDLS patients.
Case report: Satralizumab therapy for bilateral refractory optic neuritis following the first dose of bivalent human papilloma virus vaccine
Authors: Sun Chuanbin
Published: November 2024

Demyelinating optic neuritis (DON) is a rare but sight-threatening ophthalmic condition which occasionally occurs after human papilloma virus (HPV) vaccination. We herein report a case of previously healthy 13-year-old girl who developed a bilateral refractory DON three days after the first dose of bivalent HPV vaccine. The patient experienced bilateral severe visual loss three days after HPV vaccination, and her vision was quickly deteriorated to no light perception one day after the onset of DON. Ophthalmic examination revealed sluggish pupillary light reflex and swollen optic disc in both eyes, and an emergent orbital MRI examination revealed bilateral hyperintensity and enlargement of the intraorbital optic nerve with contrast enhancement. Serological tests for aquaporin-4 IgG antibody, myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein IgG antibody, and other common autoantibodies were all negative. The patient showed poor response to 10 days of intravenous methylprednisolone pulse therapy (500 mg, 250 mg, and 125 mg twice per day for 4, 4, and 2 days, respectively). Hence, three-dosed subcutaneous satralizumab was used in the acute stage of DON as an adjunct therapy. Her vision gradually improved after satralizumab therapy, and increased to 20/20 and 20/32 in the right and left eye at the 3-month follow-up. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report of satralizumab therapy in the AQP-4 Ab and MOG-Ab dual seronegative isolated DON. Our study indicates that satralizumab may be a safe and efficient adjunct therapy which can be used in the acute stage of the refractory DON poorly responding to steroid pulse therapy.
Protective effect of Shenqi Wenfei Formula against lipopolysaccharide/cigarette smoke-induced COPD in Rat based on gut microbiota and network pharmacology analysis
Authors: Shi Mengyao , Xue Qian , Xie Jinghui , Yang Qinjun , Tong Jiabing , Zhu Jie , Gao Yating , Ma Xiao , Wu Di , Li Zegeng
Published: November 2024

Introduction

The incidence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) appears to be increasing and evidence suggests that the intestinal flora may play a causative role in its development. Previous studies found that the Shenqi Wenfei Formula (SQWF) can regulate pyroptosis via the NLRP3/GSDMD pathway, thereby reducing the inflammatory response in the lungs of COPD model rats. However, there is no information on whether the drug's effects are associated with intestinal flora. Therefore, this study investigates whether the effects of SQWF are mediated through the regulation of intestinal flora, aiming to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of its therapeutic impact on COPD.

Methods

COPD was induced in rats using lipopolysaccharide and cigarette smoke, followed by intragastric administration of SQWF or physiological saline The targets of SQWF, associated signaling pathways, and key bacterial groups were investigated using 16S rRNA sequencing, network pharmacology, and bioinformatics techniques. The prediction results were validated using quantitative reverse transcription PCR, western blotting, and immunofluorescence, among other methods.

Results

SQWF treatment was found to alleviate COPD in model rats. Treatment was also observed to restore the balance of the intestinal flora in the rats, especially by reducing the abundance of g_Parabacteroides. Bioinformatics predictions identified g_Parabacteroides metabolites, RelA, HDAC1, and enriched neutrophil extracellular trap formation pathways as core targets of SQWF in COPD. qRT-PCR and Western blotting results showed that SQWF treatment reduced ReLA and HDAC1 mRNA and protein expression, along with decreased myeloperoxidase and neutrophil elastase levels in the nucleus.

Conclusion

Treatment with SQWF was found to restore the imbalance of intestinal g_Parabacteroides in COPD and also regulate the expression of the ReLA and HDAC1 genes, thereby reducing pulmonary neutrophil extracellular traps and alleviating lung inflammation.
Adolescent brain maturation associated with environmental factors: a multivariate analysis
Authors: Ray Bhaskar , Jensen Dawn , Suresh Pranav , Thapaliya Bishal , Sapkota Ram , Farahdel Britny , Fu Zening , Chen Jiayu , Calhoun Vince D. , Liu Jingyu
Published: November 2024

Human adolescence marks a crucial phase of extensive brain development, highly susceptible to environmental influences. Employing brain age estimation to assess individual brain aging, we categorized individuals (N = 7,435, aged 9–10 years old) from the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development (ABCD) cohort into groups exhibiting either accelerated or delayed brain maturation, where the accelerated group also displayed increased cognitive performance compared to their delayed counterparts. A 4-way multi-set canonical correlation analysis integrating three modalities of brain metrics (gray matter density, brain morphological measures, and functional network connectivity) with nine environmental factors unveiled a significant 4-way canonical correlation between linked patterns of neural features, air pollution, area crime, and population density. Correlations among the three brain modalities were notably strong (ranging from 0.65 to 0.77), linking reduced gray matter density in the middle temporal gyrus and precuneus to decreased volumes in the left medial orbitofrontal cortex paired with increased cortical thickness in the right supramarginal and bilateral occipital regions, as well as increased functional connectivity in occipital sub-regions. These specific brain characteristics were significantly more pronounced in the accelerated brain aging group compared to the delayed group. Additionally, these brain regions exhibited significant associations with air pollution, area crime, and population density, where lower air pollution and higher area crime and population density were correlated to brain variations more prominently in the accelerated brain aging group.
Clinical efficacy of washed microbiota transplantation on metabolic syndrome and metabolic profile of donor outer membrane vesicles
Authors: Hu Xuan , Wu Qingting , Huang Lingui , Xu Jiating , He Xingxiang , Wu Lei
Published: November 2024

Object

To clarify the clinical efficacy of washed microbiota transplantation (WMT) for metabolic syndrome (MetS), and explore the differences in the metabolic profile of bacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) in donor fecal bacteria suspension received by MetS patients with good and poor outcomes, and to construct a predictive model for the efficacy of WMT for MetS using differential metabolites.

Methods

Medical data 65 MetS patients who had completed at least 2 courses of WMT from 2017.05 to 2023.07 were collected. Fecal bacteria suspension of WMT donors were collected, and the clinical data of MetS patients treated with WMT during this period were collected as well. The changes of BMI, blood glucose, blood lipids, blood pressure and other indicators before and after WMT were compared. OMVs were isolated from donor fecal bacteria suspension and off-target metabolomic sequencing was performed by Liquid Chromatograph Mass Spectrometer (LC–MS).

Results

Compared with baseline, Body mass index (BMI), Systolic blood pressure (SBP) and Diastolic blood pressure (DBP) of MetS patients showed significant decreases after the 1st (short-term) and 2nd (medium-term) courses, and fasting blood glucose (FBG) also showed significant decreases after the 1st session. There was a significant difference between the Marked Response OMVs and the Moderate Response OMVs. It was showed that 960 metabolites were significantly up-regulated in Marked Response OMVs and 439 metabolites that were significantly down-regulated. The ROC model suggested that 9-carboxymethoxymethylguanine, AUC = 0.8127, 95% CI [0.6885, 0.9369], was the most potent metabolite predicting the most available metabolite for efficacy.

Conclusion

WMT had significant short-term and medium-term clinical efficacy in MetS. There were differences in the structure of metabolites between Marked Response OMVs and Moderate Response OMVs. The level of 9-Carboxy methoxy methylguanine in Marked Response OMVs can be a good predictor of the efficacy of WMT in the treatment of MetS.
Novel approach to assess sarcopenia in children with inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Boros Kriszta Katinka , Veres Gábor , Pintér Hajnalka Krisztina , Richter Éva , Cseh Áron , Dezsőfi Antal , Arató András , Reusz George S. , Dohos Dóra , Müller Katalin E. , Cseprekál Orsolya
Published: November 2024

Introduction

Sarcopenia is associated with poor clinical outcomes in chronic diseases. Our study aimed to characterize body composition (BC) parameters in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and compare skeletal muscle mass (SMM) parameters with the healthy pediatric population.

Methods

BC of healthy controls (HC) and of patients with IBD were measured via multifrequency bioelectrical impedance (InBody 720 device) in a cross-sectional manner. The effect of sex, age, height, weight, and body mass index (BMI) on BC parameters, with a special attention to SMM, was assessed. Reference tables from SMM were generated using a maximum-likelihood curve-fitting technique for calculating Z scores.

Results

BC parameters were associated with age, body size, and sex. SMM was lower in patients with IBD (n = 57, aged 6.71 ± 8.7 years) compared to unadjusted HC (n = 307, aged 9.9–19.3 years; 143 males; SMM: 22.34 ± 8.38 vs. 24.4 ± 6.3 kg; p = 0.03). SMM showed a moderately strong correlation with age, weight, height, and BMI (R = 0.65, 0.9, 0.87, and 0.66; p < 0.05 for each) in HC. In multivariate stepwise, ridge regression analysis, age, sex, and BMI remained the significant predictors of SMM (age β = 0.47, −0.31, and 0.38, respectively; p < 0.05). SMM of sex-, age-, and BMI-adjusted HC did not differ from IBD. Therefore, BMI Z score–based references were plotted for normalizing SMM, and SMM Z score was calculated and found to be similar to that of HC.

Conclusions

BC is supposed to be an easy-to-measure and objective marker of sarcopenia in children with IBD. Adjustment of SMM for BMI Z score might be needed to avoid the overestimation of sarcopenia in this patient population.