bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Polymers in Clinical Medicine
Authors: Padilla-Hernández R.E.
Published: April 2022

The use of polymeric materials for clinical purposes has advanced through improved methods of synthesis and chemical modification. Adapting polymers for medical purposes involves varying parameters such as molecular weight, crystallinity, and crosslinking degree. Polymers for device development in medicine must meet specific characteristics (flexibility, ease of use, biocompatibility) for their use in diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment. Polymers can be used as antibacterial coatings, dialysis membranes and wound dressing applications, but polymeric materials in the field of clinical medicine have countless uses. This chapter describes an overview in three content sections: (1) summary of the most common polymers with medical purposes, (2) examples of medical polymeric materials through selected physico-chemical properties and (3) advances of polymers for improving health at the stages of diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment.
Ladislav Koreň et al. (Hg.): Groups, Norms and Practices/Leo Townsend et al. (Hg): The Social Institution of Discursive Norms
Authors: Briese Joschka
Published: April 2022

Rezension von Koreň, Ladislav/Schmid, Hans Bernhard/Stovall, Preston/Townsend, Leo (Hg.): Groups, Norms and Practices. Essays on Inferentialism and Collective Intentionality, Basel: Springer International Publishing, 2020, und Townsend, Leo/Stovall, Preston/Schmid, Hans Bernhard (Hg.): The Social Institution of Discursive Norms. Historical, Naturalistic, and Pragmatic Perspectives. New York/London: Routledge, 2021.
Gösta Gantner: Möglichkeit
Authors: Bella Daniel
Published: April 2022

Rezension von Gösta Gantner: Möglichkeit. Über einen Grundbegriff der praktischen Philosophie und kritischen Gesellschaftstheorie. Bielefeld: transcript 2021.
Organic and chemical fertilization of cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) clones in an agroforestry system
Authors: Ballesteros Possú William , Escobar Tenorio José Erling , Navia Estrada Jorge Fernando
Published: April 2022

La productividad del cacao (Theobroma cacao L) en el municipio de Tumaco, Nariño, es una de las más bajas en Colombia, razón por la cual esta actividad no es atractiva para los agricultores, a pesar de tener uno de los cacaos con mejor sabor y aroma del mundo. Las investigaciones indican que un manejo adecuado y la nutrición de las plantas de cacao son los pilares fundamentales para incrementar productividad en este cultivo. La presente investigación se realizó durante dos años con el objetivo de evaluar el efecto de la fertilización orgánica y mineral sobre el rendimiento de clones regionales y universales de cacao. Se utilizó un diseño experimental de Bloques Completos al Azar con distribución de tratamientos en parcelas divididas, siendo la parcela principal los clones de cacao (CCL1, CCL2 y CCN51) y las subparcelas los diferentes regímenes de fertilización (fertilización química, abonamiento orgánico y una mezcla de fertilizante químico y abono orgánico) más un testigo sin fertilización. Las variables evaluadas correspondieron a: Número de mazorcas por árbol, peso de las mazorcas, numero de granos por mazorca, peso fresco y seco de los granos, relación peso seco y peso fresco y parámetros de calidad. El clon CCL2 presentó los más altos rendimientos los cuales son superiores al promedio regional. El análisis de presupuesto parcial indica que con este clon se supera el punto de equilibrio y que, por cada peso que invierte el agricultor en fertilizantes recupera su inversión $ 4,7 pesos.
Influence of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Clinical Trial Discontinuation in Anesthesiology: Cross-sectional Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Traxler Brett D , Rucker Brayden M , Greenough Mary C , Sajjadi Nicholas B , Hartwell Micah
Published: April 2022

BACKGROUND

The COVID-19 pandemic drastically altered perioperative medical practice owing to safety concerns, postponing elective or nonemergent procedures, supply chain shortages, and reallocating perioperative staff to care for patients with COVID-19. However, the impact of the pandemic on the conduct on anesthesiology clinical research is unknown.

OBJECTIVE

The primary objective was to quantify the magnitude of the COVID-19 pandemic’s impact on anesthesiology clinical research.

METHODS

We performed a systematic search using ClinicalTrials.gov to identify clinical trials related to the practice of anesthesiology. We screened trials with status updates from January 1, 2020, through October 1, 2021, to capture trials potentially affected by the COVID-19 pandemic by the time of our search. Investigators screened for relevant studies and extracted trial characteristics along with the reason for discontinuation reported on the clinical trial registry.

RESULTS

A total of 823 clinical trials met inclusion criteria, and 146 clinical trials were discontinued within the designated date range. In total, 24 (16.4%) of the 146 clinical trials were halted explicitly owing to the COVID-19 pandemic. A significant association existed between trial enrollment numbers and the likelihood of discontinuation due to the COVID-19 pandemic, as larger trials were more likely to be disrupted (z=–2.914, P=.004).

CONCLUSIONS

The COVID-19 pandemic is reportedly associated with the discontinuation of anesthesiology-related clinical trials. With the uncertain course of the COVID-19 pandemic, developing anesthesia trial protocols to help minimize social interaction and prevent premature trial disruption are imperative.
Predicting Sentiment of Tweets towards Electronic Cigarettes Using the Unobserved Component Model (Preprint)
Authors: Boykin Allison , Ezike Nnamdi , May Huy , Dobbs Page , Primack Brian
Published: April 2022

BACKGROUND

Since their entry into the US market, the public health community has debated the health and safety concerns of e-cigarettes. While survey data can provide useful information about public sentiment around e-cigarettes, potential limitations include social desirability bias and response style contamination. Therefore, more organic and innovative methods of assessing sentiment toward behaviors such as e-cigarette use are important to establish. Harvesting sentiment about e-cigarettes from Twitter is one potential avenue.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to examine Twitter chatter from 2017 through 2020 through use of natural language processing to classify the sentiment of tweets, model sentiment of tweets over time, and identify important predictors of tweet sentiment using the unobserved components model.

METHODS

Human coders annotated a random sample of relevant tweets for sentiment and commercial activity. This was followed by natural language processing using BERTweet to classify the remaining tweets as containing positive, negative, or neutral sentiment and the presence of commercial activity. After classification, an unobserved components time series model evaluated trends in the data and identified predictor variables. Predictors included events listed on the Consumer Advocates for Smoke-free Alternatives Association and Drug Watch timeline and commercial account activity.

RESULTS

Across all years, the proportion of relevant, non-commercial e-cigarette tweets with positive sentiment was 18.5%. Negative and neutral sentiment represented 31.2% and 50.3%, respectively. Significant predictors of positive sentiment included commercial volume of tweets (p<.001) and noteworthy news events (p=.025). An increase of 100 commercial tweets was associated with an increase of approximately 61 positive sentiment e-cigarette tweets, controlling for other predictors in the model. Significant predictors of negative sentiment included JUUL ending its use of Twitter (p=.002) and FDA-related events (p=.004). For neutral sentiment, predictors were JUUL ceasing to use Twitter (p<.001), FDA-related events (p=.032), and commercial volume of tweets (p=.003).

CONCLUSIONS

This combination of methods represents a valuable approach for use of large, publicly available data as an alternative to or augmentation of self-report survey data. Twitter surveillance provides a unique opportunity to capture real-time sentiment changes to important events, because users create posts in direct response to current events. Supporting interventions such as the FDA’s Final Rule as an important intervention in e-cigarette behavior, we found a positive association between positive sentiment and commercial activity.
Quality assessment of YouTube videos as an information source of testicular torsion: cross-sectional study (Preprint)
Authors: Bai Gaochen , Pan Xi , Zhao Tianxin , Chen Xiong , Fu Wen , Liu Guochang
Published: April 2022

BACKGROUND

Testicular torsion is an acute scrotal disease requiring urgent management, and the Covid-19 pandemic has been demonstrated to lead to poor outcomes of the disease. Nowadays, an increasing number of people tend to seek health information on YouTube.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to quantitatively assess the quality of English YouTube video content as an information source of testicular torsion.

METHODS

In this cross-sectional study, a search was performed with the search term “testicular torsion” on YouTube, and the first 100 videos listed by relevance were selected for our analysis. Duplicate videos, non-English videos, videos without audio and surgical videos were excluded. Video features (duration, number of days online, views, likes, comments), source of the video, and author’s country were collected. We assessed the quality of each included video using DISCERN and Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) Benchmark Criteria. The correlation analysis was performed between video features, source of the video, DISCERN scores and JAMA scores.

RESULTS

A total of 66 videos were included and analyzed in the study. The most common video content was general information including etiology, symptoms, and treatment. The majority of videos were from education and training websites (30%), physicians (23%), and independent users (21%). The mean DISCERN and JAMA scores were 36.56 and 2.68, respectively. According to DISCERN, the quality of video uploaded by physicians was relatively high (P< .001), and the quality of video uploaded by independent users was relatively low (P< .001). The JAMA score had no relevance to the source of the video (P= .81). The correlation between the video features, DISCERN and JAMA scores was controversial by different assessment methods.

CONCLUSIONS

Despite most of the videos on YouTube being uploaded by medical or education-related authors, the overall quality was poor. The misleading, inaccurate and incomplete information may pose a health risk to the views, especially in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic. Much effort needs to be taken to improve the quality of health-related videos regarding testicular torsion.
Social media use and health and wellbeing of LGBTQ youth: A systematic review (Preprint)
Authors: Berger Matthew N. , Taba Melody , Marino Jennifer L. , Lim Megan S. C. , Skinner S. Rachel
Published: April 2022

BACKGROUND

LGBTQ individuals are at higher risk of poor mental health and wellbeing. Social media platforms can provide LGBTQ youth a space which counters heteronormative environments and potentially supports mental health and wellbeing.

OBJECTIVE

In this systematic review, we sought to assess the relationship between social media use and mental health and wellbeing in LGBTQ youth.

METHODS

Searches were conducted in ACM Digital Library, CINAHL, OVID Embase, OVID Medline, and Web of Science. Quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for quantitative articles and the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme for qualitative articles. Qualitative synthesis was performed on articles that satisfied eligibility and inclusion criteria.

RESULTS

Twenty-six articles (15 qualitative, 8 quantitative, and 3 mixed methods) met the inclusion criteria. Social media is a popular tool commonly used by LGBTQ youth to connect with LGBTQ communities. LGBTQ youth also negotiated and explored identity and obtained support from peers on social media. Instagram, Tumblr, and Twitter were commonly used to access LGBTQ content due to ease of anonymity. Identity management was important for LGBTQ youth with social media allowing strategic disclosure. Key strategies for managing identities included being anonymous, censoring locations/content, restricting audiences, and using multiple accounts. Quantitative studies showed that social media was associated with reduced mental health concerns and increased wellbeing for LGBTQ youth. Mental health concerns arising from social media use were attributed to policies that did not accommodate for changed identities.

CONCLUSIONS

We found that social media may support mental health and wellbeing of LGBTQ youth through peer connection, identity management, and social support but findings were limited by weaknesses in the evidence. More robust studies are needed to determine the relationship between social media use and LGBTQ mental health, particularly among adolescents. This may inform interventions to promote social media health literacy and the mental health and wellbeing of this vulnerable group.
Through the Narrative Looking Glass: Commentary on “Impact of Electronic Health Records on Information Practices in Mental Health Contexts: Scoping Review” (Preprint)
Authors: Weir Charlene
Published: April 2022

UNSTRUCTURED

The authors of “Impact of Electronic Health Records on Information Practices in Mental Health Contexts: Scoping Review” have effectively brought to our attention the failure of the electronic health record (EHR) to represent the human context. Because mental health or behavioral disorders (and functional status in general) emerge from an interaction between the individual’s characteristics and the social context, it is essentially a failure to represent the human context. The assessment and treatment of these disorders must reflect how the person lives, their degree of social connectedness, their personal motivation, and their cultural background. This type of information is best communicated both through narrative and in collaboration with other providers and the patient—largely because human social memory is organized around situation models and natural episodes. Neither functionality is currently available in most EHRs. Narrative communication is effective for several reasons: (1) it supports the communication of goals between providers; (2) it allows the author to express their belief in others’ perspectives (theory of mind), for example, those who will be reading these notes; and (3) it supports the incorporation of the patient’s personal perspective. The failure of the EHR to support mental health information data and information practices is, therefore, essentially a failure to support the basic communication functions necessary for the narrative. The authors have rightly noted the problems of the EHR in this domain, but perhaps they did not completely link the problems to the lack of functionality to support narrative communication. Suggestions for adding design elements are discussed.
Rancang Bangun Sistem Pemonitor Gelombang Otak Nirkabel Berbasis Mikrokontroler
Authors: Murti Budi Bayu
Published: April 2022

Humans are a very complex living system composed of billions of active cells working together to form tissues. The neural network that is awakened has an information transmission system based on the body's electricity or bioelectricity. All surfaces of the human skin and body parts have electrical properties and impedance that can be detected to indicate health conditions. In the biomedical field the measurement of bioelectric signals becomes one of the important aspects. Bioelectric measurements to monitor heart conditions are known as ECG (Electrocardiography), EMG (muscle electromyography), ENG (nerve electroneurography). Signals from the brain are detected from electroenchepalography (EEG) signal parameters. The study was developed by a sensor system capable of noninvasive brain waves and and capable of sending signals wirelessly through RF radio waves in real-time. The device is built using a TGAM sensor, a microcontroller interface, Bluetooth device, and the LabView application. Tests were carried out to measure the range and frequency range of the EEG. The object of measurement is a human being conditioned to some state of mind. The results show that the wireless EEG signal detection system using Bluetooth transmission has been able to transmit sensor data well, without delay and can connect automatically with Arduino. The detection results can be monitored directly on the GUI display of the LabView software and a graph of the frequency range can be seen.
Kendali Posisi Motor DC dengan Menggunakan Kendali PID
Authors: Hudati Imroatul , Aji Alief Purnomo , Nurrahma Salima
Published: April 2022

Intisari – Motor DC merupakan jenis motor yang paling banyak digunakan dibidang industri,elektronik dan lain-lain. Penelitian banyak dilakukan dalam pengembangan pengendali Proportional Integral Derivative (PID). Pengendali yang sudah dikembangkan kemudian di uji menggunakan model matematis yang mempunyai karakteristik yang berbeda-beda yang mendekati karakteristik beberapa sistem yang nyata kemudian dilakukan analisis secara matematis dan simulasi dengan sebuah perangkat lunak. PID sering digunakan dalam dunia industri disebabkan ketangguhannya dalam mengatasi permasalahani. Terdapat kekurangan dalam PID yaitu pada metode penalaan yang dilakukan dengan cara coba-coba(trial and error). Pada penelitian ini, prosedur pemilihan gain P, I dan D dilakukan dengan menganalisa model sistem. Sistem dibuat agar memperoleh settling time sebesar (ts) 5% dan error steady state adalah 0. Hasil respon sistem yang telah diberikan kendali PID, akan dibandingkan dengan respon sistem open loop.Kata kunci : Motor DC, Kendali PID, Model Matematika, Sistem orde 2, Settling time, error steady state, Matlab.
The Structuring of Goat and Sheep Farming in the Municipalities of the Hinterland of São Francisco Pernambucano
Authors: Beserra Me. Elijalma Augusto , da Silva Prof Dra. Eva Mônica Sarmento , Oliveira Prof Dra. Lucia Marisy Souza Ribeiro de
Published: April 2022

This article addresses the research findings on the state of the art of goat and sheep farming in the State of Pernambuco, in the municipalities belonging to the Sertão do São Francisco micro region, Afranio, Dormentes, Lagoa Grande, Petrolina, Santa Maria da Boa Vista and Orocó, pointing to the absence of public health policies regarding the situation of municipal slaughterhouses and the urgent need to improve the slaughter and transport of animals, with a view to the health of the population. As an alternative proposal, it brings the regionalization of slaughterhouses, whose structures can meet the specifications and norms of the Federal Inspection System - SIF, reducing zoonotic rates; elimination of contamination vectors; no release of waste in the open; improvement in the slaughter and processing of animals, in addition to positive impacts on the environment, such as efficiency in the treatment of effluents; atmospheric emissions control; reduction of pests and contamination vectors; elimination of sources of pollution from water sources and, above all, the recycling of water, an important asset in the Brazilian semi-arid region. This is a descriptive study, whose approach was of a quantitative-qualitative nature, approaching bibliographic review, field visit and semi-structured interview. Sampling was non-probabilistic for convenience, involving 58 agents of the APL - Productive Arrangement of Caprinovinocultura.
Changes in the Flavor Profile of Ground Beef Resulting from the Application of Antimicrobial Interventions
Authors: Hernandez-Sintharakao Michael J. , Swenson Joanna K. , N. Nair Mahesh , Geornaras Ifigenia , Engle Terry E. , Belk Keith E. , Woerner Dale R.
Published: April 2022

The objective of this study was to characterize flavor, fatty acid composition, and volatile compounds of beef treated with common antimicrobial interventions in beef processing facilities. The effect of 3 prechilling antimicrobial interventions (4.5% lactic acid [LA]; 400 ppm peroxyacetic acid acidified to pH 1.2 with a sulfuric acid and sodium sulfate blend [aPAA]; or untreated control [CON]) and 4 postchilling treatments (CON; LA; aPAA; or a 2.5% solution of a commercial blend of lactic and citric acid [LAC]) were analyzed. Briskets (n = 30/treatment) were treated before and after chilling using a custom-built pilot-sized spray cabinet, ground twice, and formed into patties. Cooked patties were analyzed by a trained sensory panel, and a subset of raw samples (n = 6) were analyzed for fatty acid composition and volatile compounds. Samples treated with LA before and after chilling were more intense in sourness than the CON (P < 0.05). Fatty acid analysis showed no differences (P > 0.05) due to the use of chemical interventions. Only postchilling treatments had an effect on volatile compounds. The relative abundances of pentanal and pentanol were greater (P < 0.05) in LA-treated postchilling intervention samples than CON and LAC, hexanoic acid was greater (P < 0.05) in aPAA than CON and LAC, and acetic acid was greater (P < 0.05) in aPAA than LAC. Overall, these results demonstrated that LA pre- and postchilling antimicrobial interventions only impact the sourness of ground beef but did not affect the fatty acid composition, while postchilling antimicrobial treatments had a minimal impact on volatile compounds.
The mechanical properties of wood and the design of Neolithic stone axes
Authors: Ennos A. Roland , Oliveira João A.V.
Published: April 2022

Despite the importance of wooden tools for early man, and the development of woodworking in the Mesolithic and Neolithic culture, there has been surprisingly little research on how wood can be worked by stone tools or how wooden handles for composite tools were designed. This paper outlines an approach based on an understanding of the structure and mechanical properties of wood. The cell arrangement in wood makes it far less stiff, strong and tough across the grain, especially tangentially. This makes it hard to harvest wood or break it into lengths because it splits down its centre rather than breaking right across. Fortunately, this also makes wood easy to split along the grain, especially radially through its centre into sections and planks.

A model of the splitting process predicted that wood is best split using blunt, broad but smooth wedges, as these would use less energy and would be less likely to get stuck in the wood. The predictions were verified in tests in which hazel coppice poles were split using wedges of contrasting angle, width and surface texture. The results help explain the change from the flaked flint Mesolithic tranchet axes to the broader polished stone Neolithic axe and adze heads. However, further experiments are also needed cutting wood obliquely to test this hypothesis.

The splitting model also helps to understand the design of socketed axe hafts. Failure usually occurs when the handles split at the distal and proximal ends of the socket. To prevent this, handles are best designed with the growth rings parallel to the socket, and with an expanded head, especially with flanges on the distal and proximal ends of the socket. These designs are seen in some of the Neolithic axe handles that have been found in Britain, including the Etton, Ehenside and Shulishader axes. More experimental research is needed to understand the optimal way of hafting axe heads.
Time, memory and alterity in prehistoric lithic technology: Synthesis and perspectives of the French technogenetic approach
Authors: De Weyer Louis , Pérez Antonio , Hoguin Rodolphe , Forestier Hubert , Boëda Eric
Published: April 2022

The technogenetic approach in the field of prehistoric lithic technology studies originated in the late 1980s. Traditional approaches, such as typology and production technology, have tended to approach prehistoric lithic objects through their socio-cultural and economic dimensions, without really considering the existence of a technogenesis prior to these contingencies. The apprehension of this technogenetic dimension in prehistory will call upon both the philosophy and the anthropology of techniques to lead to a double approach of the artefacts: a technogenetic approach of the lithic object according to the technical criteria of its genesis; and a psychosocial approach of the object according to the criteria proper to its artisanal production within a major technical system. The objective of this article is to identify two fundamental existences constituting the technical object, one internal (technogenetic) with technical lineages and the other external (psychosocial) with technical trajectories. The spatio-temporal distribution of prehistoric technical otherness on different continents has logically led to new questions, findings and new criteria of analysis. On this basis, our approach will aim to revisit the main conceptual axes of the foundations of the technological approach, to clarify old questions while developing new expertise. Through the application of key concepts such as time, memory and otherness, an overall methodology will also be discussed and will help proposing its epistemological line.
Tiempo, memoria y alteridad en tecnología lítica: síntesis y perspectivas del enfoque tecnogenético francés
Authors: De Weyer Louis , Pérez Antonio , Hoguin Rodolphe , Forestier Hubert , Boëda Eric
Published: April 2022

En el campo de los estudios en tecnología lítica prehistórica, el enfoque tecnogenético tiene su origen a fines de los años 1980. Los enfoques tradicionales, de la tipología a la tecnología de producción, tienden a abordar los objetos líticos de la prehistoria a través de sus dimensiones sociocultural y económica, sin realmente considerar la existencia de una tecnogénesis anterior a estas contingencias. La aprehensión de esta dimensión tecnogenética en prehistoria requerirá tanto de la filosofía como de la antropología de las técnicas para conducir a un enfoque dual de los artefactos: un enfoque tecnogenético del objeto lítico según los criterios técnicos relativos a su génesis; y un enfoque psicosocial del objeto según los criterios propios de su producción artesanal, en el seno de un sistema técnico mayor. El objetivo de este artículo es identificar dos existencias fundamentales constituyentes del objeto técnico, una interna (tecnogenética) con linajes técnicos y otra externa (psicosocial) con trayectorias técnicas. La distribución espacio-temporal de la alteridad técnica prehistórica en diferentes continentes ha conducido lógicamente a nuevas preguntas, constataciones y nuevos criterios de análisis. Sobre esta base, nuestro trabajo tendrá como objetivo revisar los principales ejes conceptuales de los fundamentos del enfoque tecnológico, así como aclarar viejas preguntas y desarrollar nuevos criterios de estudio. Mediante la aplicación de conceptos clave como tiempo, memoria y alteridad, se volverá también a discutir una metodología global que propondrá una línea de fuga epistemológica.
Definición del campo de esfuerzos-deformación y sismotectónica del sistema de fallas Morelia-Acambay, México
Authors: Mennella Luca , Garduño-Monroy Víctor Hugo , Giner Robles Jorge Luis , Liotta Domenico , Brogi Andrea
Published: April 2022

El sistema de fallas Morelia-Acambay (SFMA), situado en la región centro-occidental de la Faja Volcánica Transmexicana (FVTM), se desarrolla como una franja transtensiva de ~30 km de ancho, constituido por fallas E-O y ENE-OSO. La sismotectónica del SFMA controla desde el Mioceno medio (7–9 Ma) la evolución de las cuencas lacustres y depresiones alargadas E-O (Zacapu, Cuitzeo, Morelia y Acambay). Este trabajo estudia el SFMA en su sector centro-occidental enfocándose en la variación espacial del estado de deformación reciente a través del análisis estructural de poblaciones de fallas medidas en el campo y la definición del régimen de esfuerzos regional a partir del análisis de los mecanismos focales de sismos intraplaca someros.

Los datos cinemáticos indican que el SFMA se formó a partir de un régimen de deformación con una dirección NE-SO de máxima compresión horizontal (Ey). Hoy en día las fallas NE-SO están asociadas al sistema transtensivo lateral izquierdo, donde las principales morfoestructuras de fallas E-O son paralelas y tienen movimiento normal-direccional izquierdo, mientras que las fallas normales NE-SO responden a la cinemática con una geometría en échelon. La dirección de máxima compresión horizontal (Ey) del SFMA resulta variable pero constantemente en el cuadrante NE-SO, evidenciando una rotación en el sentido horario del campo de esfuerzos que hace que Ey pase de direcciones NNE-SSO en el sector occidental (Pázcuaro-Zacapu-Morelia-Cuitzeo-Acámbaro) hasta direcciones E-O en su sector oriental (Maravatio-Acambay).

La integración de los resultados muestra que las trayectorias del campo de deformación reciente y las trayectorias del campo de esfuerzos actual son claramente paralelas, indicando que el régimen neotectónico del Plioceno se ha mantenido constante durante el Cuaternario hasta el presente. Algunas fallas del SFMA son actualmente activas y han sido epicentro de sismos históricos (1858, 1912, 1979 y 2007). Esta definición del campo de deformación y esfuerzos se convierte en una información de primer orden para estudios futuros de paleosismología y el análisis del peligro sísmico. Esta visión espacial permite considerar la orientación de las fallas con respecto a las trayectorias del campo de esfuerzos como uno de los criterios para que dichas fallas se deban considerar o no potencialmente activas. La propuesta más pausible para explicar la deformación transtensiva en el sector central de la FVTM es el modelo de la convergencia oblicua de las placas y la partición del ángulo de subducción de la parte norte de la Trinchera Mesoamericana.
Entre las fronteras del turismo sustentable: desigualdades, tensiones y continuidades en la producción espacial de El Chaltén (Santa Cruz, Argentina)
Authors: Picone Sabrina Elizabeth , Liscovsky Iris Josefina , Schweitzer Alejandro Fabián
Published: April 2022

El Chaltén es una localidad fronteriza de la Patagonia Sur argentina. Su principal actividad económica es el turismo asociado con áreas naturales protegidas. Esta actividad se presenta como respetuosa de los principios de la susten- tabilidad, pero ocasiona diferentes problemáticas territoriales. Desde enfoques de la ecología política y con técnicas participativas de recolección de datos, se realiza un estudio espacial a partir del análisis de los medios de vida de las familias. Los resultados muestran procesos de desigualdad económica y sectorización social, así como la saturación de la infraestructura y de los servicios públicos, entre los más importantes. Se concluye que las políticas de turismo bajo un discurso sustentable encuentran en la escala local continuidades y tensiones que vehiculizan u obstaculizan la expan- sión de la frontera del capitalismo verde y no incorporan en la práctica la participación social ni el empoderamiento.
La crisis de la producción de algodón y la expansión de la soya en la región Soconusco, Chiapas, 1970-1988
Authors: Catalán Tomás Félipe
Published: April 2022

Este libro presenta una investigación documental y de campo que permite acercarnos a la comprensión y al análisis de la crisis del algodón y su sustitución por el cultivo de la soya en el Soconusco, Chiapas. Analiza sus componentes ecológicos, tecnológicos y socioeconómicos, bajo una perspectiva histórica.
De ciudades, conservación y roedores: San Cristóbal de las Casas
Authors: Tapia-Ramírez Gloria , Lorenzo Consuelo , Retana Óscar , Carrillo-Reyes Arturo
Published: April 2022

La mitad de la población humana vive en alguna de las muchas ciudades del mundo. La tendencia apunta a que cada vez habrá más gente que habite en alguna ciudad ya existente, o en proceso de transformación. Se pronostica que para 2030, seis de cada diez mexicanos vivirán en una ciudad, lo que traerá diversas implicaciones en la fauna, los ecosistemas y la salud humana. Esta investigación describe el caso de San Cristóbal de Las Casas, en Chiapas, una ciudad mediana que ha pasado en poco tiempo de la ruralidad a la urbanización de manera acelerada. Nuestro objetivo fue evaluar la respuesta de la comunidad de roedores a la urbanización, desde la perspectiva de la ecología del paisaje. De manera paralela, buscamos entender el papel de los paisajes naturales y conservados que rodean el área urbana, en el mantenimiento de altas diversidades de roedores. Encontramos que, si bien los paisajes mejor conservados no son los más diversos, sí poseen especies que no se encuentran en paisajes intermedios o urbanos, aún cuando están sometidos a una alta presión antropogénica.
Regulators of collagen crosslinking in developing and adult tendons
Authors: Ellingson AJ , Pancheri NM , Schiele NR
Published: April 2022

Tendons are collagen-rich musculoskeletal tissues that possess the mechanical strength needed to transfer forces between muscles and bones. The mechanical development and function of tendons are impacted by collagen crosslinks. However, there is a limited understanding of how collagen crosslinking is regulated in tendon during development and aging. Therefore, the objective of the present review was to highlight potential regulators of enzymatic and non-enzymatic collagen crosslinking and how they impact tendon function. The main collagen crosslinking enzymes include lysyl oxidase (LOX) and the lysyl oxidase-like isoforms (LOXL), whereas non-enzymatic crosslinking is mainly mediated by the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs). Regulators of the LOX and LOXL enzymes may include mechanical stimuli, mechanotransducive cell signaling pathways, sex hormones, transforming growth factor (TGF)β family, hypoxia, and interactions with intracellular or extracellular proteins. AGE accumulation in tendon is due to diabetic conditions and aging, and can be mediated by diet and mechanical stimuli. The formation of these enzymatic and non-enzymatic collagen crosslinks plays a major role in tendon biomechanics and in the mechanisms of force transfer. A more complete understanding of how enzymatic and non-enzymatic collagen crosslinking is regulated in tendon will better inform tissue engineering and regenerative therapies aimed at restoring the mechanical function of damaged tendons.
How Do Students Enact Group Reasoning Within Online Interprofessional Education?
Authors: Perversi Paul , Kent Fiona , Henderson Zoe , Schliephake Kirsten , Burstein Frada , Leech Michelle
Published: April 2022

Background: The capability of an interprofessional healthcare team to reach a shared understanding through group reasoning is critical to good healthcare delivery. Models for clinical reasoning have proved useful but remain focused on individual cognitive processes. Whilst interprofessional education has steadily gained real-world traction, it is unclear how interprofessional student groups practice group reasoning when performing online tasks.
Method: We analyzed the group reasoning processes with two teams of health professional students in an online interprofessional education task (n = 13). Two simulated interprofessional team meetings about a palliative case were audio recorded, transcribed, and deductively analyzed to determine the mechanisms of team deliberation using a previously published study of group reasoning.Results: The reasoning mechanisms outlined in a previous study (informationaccumulating, sense-making, and decision-making) were evident in an analysis of student group reasoning. In particular, students focused on sharing and agreeing on information, and to a lesser extent, recording information.
Conclusion: Attention to the mechanisms of action may be useful to facilitate teaching interprofessional reasoning. Group reasoning may benefit from focusing student attention on these stages: 1) prioritizing and sequencing of options, methods for exposing agreement about shared information, shared understanding of the situation, and options; 2) techniques for critically evaluating information so that opportunities arise to identify when information may disrupt existing understandings; and 3) development of documentation tools to assist recording of the process.
Gincana Sem Sentido: inclusão, competição e empatia no ambiente escolar
Authors: Antunes Amauri Araujo
Published: April 2022

O presente relato de experiência aponta uma possibilidade de ação no ambiente escolar, consonante com os propósitos da disciplina Arte, no Ensino Médio e, ao mesmo tempo, promotor de uma reflexão dinâmica e empática sobre o fenômeno da Inclusão/Exclusão no âmbito da escola pública. Em 2019, para proporcionar uma experiência artística consistente e consequente aos alunos do terceiro ano do Ensino Médio de um curso técnico integrado em Administração, desenvolveu-se uma prática pedagógica que resultou em intervenção artística, idealizada sob a forma de uma gincana que foi concebida e realizada pelos próprios estudantes, formandos em um campus avançado do Instituto Federal do Sul de Minas Gerais. Além de proporcionar aos participantes a vivência de um projeto artístico consistente, a Gincana Sem Sentido integrou conhecimentos da área propedêutica e da área técnica, no planejamento e administração do projeto. Além disso, problematizou o excesso de competitividade da sociedade contemporânea e as práticas predatórias que costumam ser estimuladas em ambientes pautados pela produtividade. Por fim empoderou os estudantes e, principalmente, promoveu a problematização e a consciência da comunidade sobre aspectos de grande relevância no que tange a inclusão/exclusão escolar.
Olhares e desafios da formação docente e da Educação Profissional e Tecnológica
Authors: Urnauer Simone
Published: April 2022

MOTA, Karla Rodrigues; PEREIRA, Lidiane de Lemos Soares; HEBERLEIN, Maria Carolina Terra (Org.). A Formação Docente e a Educação Profissional e Tecnológica: Pesquisas em Foco. Jundiaí: Paco Editorial, 2018.
A catarse na formação continuada: Por uma construção coletiva dos saberes docentes
Authors: Koche Susi Couto , Grosch Maria Selma
Published: April 2022

O objetivo geral deste estudo é refletir como a formação continuada pode contribuir na construção coletiva de saberes docentes das professoras de Educação Infantil. O estudo foi realizado na rede municipal de ensino da cidade de Lages, em Santa Catarina, em dois Centros de Educação Infantil (CEIMs). As participantes da pesquisa foram sete professoras atuantes na Educação Infantil, que participaram das entrevistas semiestruturadas, contendo oito perguntas abertas. Em relação aos resultados encontrados, as participantes do estudo demonstraram que a construção do conhecimento não deveria levar em consideração apenas as experiências advindas de fora para dentro, de exigências externas, mas partir de dentro para fora, da essência do próprio educador, a partir de seus interesses, necessidades, valores, intuições, crenças, vinculando-se à sua própria existência. Os resultados demonstraram, ainda, quais saberes docentes as professoras necessitam em sua prática.
Políticas de formação docente: desafios à Educação Profissional
Authors: Urbanetz Sandra Terezinha , Romanowski Joana Paulin , Tedesco Filho Jacir Mario
Published: April 2022

O dossiê Políticas de Formação Docente:desafios à Educação Profissional, foi organizado a partir de uma demanda coletiva, tendo em vista que, ao investigarmos as pesquisas de mestrado e doutorado sobre a temática da docência na Educação Profissional e Tecnológica (EPT), verificamos um aumento considerável do número de trabalhos desenvolvidos com esse foco. Com efeito, a educação profissional institucionalizada, tanto em escolas públicas e privadas, como em organizações vinculadas ao mundo do trabalho, requer o exame, a pesquisa e a reflexão permanente. Assim, ao eleger como assunto deste dossiê as Políticas de Formação Docente à Educação Profissional, o principal objetivo é apresentar aos estudiosos e pesquisadores dessa temática artigos que possibilitem o seu aprofundamento. Ressaltamos que esse dossiê trata do assunto em textos de modo rigoroso, ainda que em diferentes abordagens. A intenção é indicar essas distinções com que os estudos e discussões examinam esse campo ampliando a sua compreensão.
Desafios e possibilidades na formação de leitores/as: a inclusão de estudantes com necessidades específicas
Authors: Rosa Silvia Rodrigues , Souza Carla Salomé Margarida de
Published: April 2022

Este artigo objetiva discutir o desafio da inclusão de estudantes com necessidades específicas, com destaque para a formação leitora. A abordagem do tema em questão se deu a partir da seguinte problemática: como podemos favorecer o desenvolvimento da leitura em sala de aula, nos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental, de forma a garantir a aprendizagem e, consequentemente, a inclusão de estudantes com necessidades específicas? Para responder a esta inquietação, realizamos uma pesquisa qualitativa de cunho bibliográfico em vários/as autores/as de referência. Os resultados da pesquisa apontam que é possível realizar a formação de leitores/as com todos/as os/as estudantes de forma equitativa, desde que o/a professor/a busque metodologias inovadoras e conheça o perfil de aprendizagem de cada estudante para atendê-los/las dentro de suas especificidades.
Estranhamentos e homossexualidades: professores homens nos anos iniciais e educação infantil
Authors: Fonseca Thomaz Spartacus Martins , Ferrari Anderson
Published: April 2022

Que estranhamentos emergem a partir da presença de professores homens nos anos iniciais? É essa questão que irá organizar nossas análises, interessadas nas articulações entre saberes, poderes e seus efeitos nos sujeitos que estão nas escolas e que levam para esse espaço educativo as organizações em torno das relações de gênero. Uma questão foco, resultado de uma pesquisa de mestrado em Educação realizada entre 2010 e 2011. Metodologicamente, trabalhamos com entrevistas com os dois professores homens cisgênero e com observação das aulas. A perspectiva teórico-metodológica que orienta as problematizações são os estudos foucaultianos e pós-estruturalistas. Um dos achados da pesquisa foi fortalecer o aspecto educativo de constituição dos sujeitos que estamos colocando em circulação nas escolas quando definimos espaços distintos para homens e mulheres e como a presença de professores homens nos anos iniciais está atravessada por relações de gênero e sexualidade.
Agenda política global: invisibilidade do analfabetismo e desinvestimento na alfabetização de adultos
Authors: Cavaco Carmen
Published: April 2022

Analisam-se as orientações políticas da UNESCO e da União Europeia para compreender a sua influência nas políticas públicas de educação de adultos, em Portugal. Os dados empíricos, provenientes de uma investigação qualitativa no âmbito das Ciências da Educação, resultaram de recolha documental sobre as orientações políticas e de estatísticas oficiais. As orientações políticas contribuíram para a emergência da política educativa global, com consequência na progressiva invisibilidade do analfabetismo e no desinvestimento em políticas públicas de alfabetização de adultos.
Entre tensões e contradições: a capilaridade do Ensino Médio Integrado na Educação Profissional e Tecnológica
Authors: Alves Diego dos Santos , Melo Beatriz Medeiros de
Published: April 2022

Neste artigo discute-se a capilaridade da oferta do Ensino Médio Integrado – EMI no universo da Educação Profissional e Tecnológica – EPT. Metodologicamente, recorre à abordagem qualitativa e parte do estudo do caso do Instituto Federal de Alagoas – Ifal. Nesse trajeto, apresenta as concepções e traça um retrato histórico da efetivação do EMI no contexto de tensões e contradições das políticas públicas educacionais brasileiras. Em seguida, analisa a oferta do EMI no Ifal e na Rede Federal de Educação Científica, Profissional e Tecnológica, a partir dos dados da Plataforma Nilo Peçanha 2020. A análise conclui que tal oferta adquire prioridade no Ifal, em conformidade com a previsão legal da Lei nº 11.892/2008, colaborando para a democratização do acesso ao Ensino Médio Integrado.
Materiais didáticos para a Educação de Jovens e Adultos: uma perspectiva Freireana
Authors: De Oliveira Ivanilde Apoluceno , Leite Priscila Costa Soares , Neri Isabell Theresa Tavares
Published: April 2022

Neste artigo analisa-se o processo de construção metodológica de materiais didáticos para a Educação de Jovens e Adultos na perspectiva freireana, com base em uma pesquisa-ação realizada em um ambiente hospitalar, envolvendo educadoras de um núcleo de educação popular universitário. Consiste em uma pesquisa-ação, por meio de dinâmicas pedagógicas na produção dos materiais didáticos. A sistematização e a análise dos dados foram efetivadas por meio de categorizações. A produção de materiais didáticos é significativa para os sujeitos da EJA ao expressar suas vivencias e concepções de mundo.
O currículo na Educação de Jovens e Adultos: um estado do conhecimento nos periódicos da Educação
Authors: De Abreu Anderson Carlos Santos , Alcoforado Joaquim Luis Luís Medeiros
Published: April 2022

Este artigo desenvolve discussão acerca do currículo na Educação de Jovens e Adultos. Para isso, foram utilizados artigos cietíficos, publicados em periódicos da área da Educação, entre os anos de 2007 e 2017, e que abordaram tal tema como objeto de análise. Ao longo do texto, apresentou-se o currículo como um sistema de relações sociais que define não somente os conteúdos a serem ensinados, mas um complexo de conhecimentos que definem concepções de sujeito, escola e aprendizagem. Como resultados, o levantamento apontou para o fato de que o currículo pode ser uma das formas de garantir o acesso e a permanência dos/as estudantes, bem como agir como uma das razões de sua exclusão.
A docência nos dizeres de professores/as da Educação de Jovens e Adultos
Authors: Gafforelli Catiana Dias , Sant'Anna Sita Mara Lopes
Published: April 2022

A presente pesquisa, de caráter qualitativo, objetivou investigar as concepções de docência em falas de cinco professores/as da Educação de Jovens e Adultos – EJA, que atuam na rede estadual de educação, num município do Rio Grande do Sul, investigando-as mediante análise de conteúdo, tal como proposto por Bardin. Como principais resultados, destacam-se a existência de concepções reduzidas de docência relacionadas ao ensino, caracterizando as especificidades da modalidade. Aponta-se, também, a necessidade de processo continuado de formação com concepção ampliada de docência, considerando, em sua construção, as vozes dos/as professores da EJA.
A voz cantada e falada: uma pesquisa-formação com professoras da educação infantil
Authors: Tomazi Ana Carla Simonetti Rossato , Bellochio Cláudia Ribeiro
Published: April 2022

O presente artigo tem como centralidade a discussão de processos de educação músico-vocal de um grupo de professoras da educação infantil, fundamentando-se, teórica e metodologicamente, em princípios da pesquisa-formação. No desenvolvimento da pesquisa, parte das professoras mencionou a realização de algumas práticas musicais junto à infância. Contudo, elas ressaltaram que estas foram ampliadas e aprofundadas a partir da pesquisa-formação e pelos conhecimentos mobilizados no grupo. Ressalta-se ainda que as professoras estiveram engajadas em todo o processo, refletindo sobre suas práticas musicais junto à infância, por meio de experiências musicais e vocais vividas e problematizadas no espaço escolar. Como resultados, é importante destacar que as professoras mencionadas previamente estiveram mais envolvidas com a produção musical de suas próprias vozes e a de seus alunos e buscaram desenvolver práticas músico-vocais em sala de aula de educação infantil, baseadas nos cuidados da voz na infância e nas possibilidades musicais que decorrem de repertórios cantados, promovendo educação musical no contexto escolar.