bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Performance ofCADM1, MALandmiR124-2methylation as triage markers for early detection of cervical cancer in self-collected and clinician-collected samples: an exploratory observational study in Papua New Guinea
Authors: Molano Monica , Machalek Dorothy A , Tan Grace , Garland Suzanne , Balgovind Prisha , Haqshenas Gholamreza , Munnull Gloria , Phillips Samuel , Badman Steven G , Bolnga John , Cornall Alyssa Marie , Gabuzzi Josephine , Kombati Zure , Brotherton Julia , Saville Marion , Hawkes David , Kaldor John , Toliman Pamela Josephine , Vallely Andrew John , Murray Gerald L
Published: June 2024

Objective

WHO recommends human papillomavirus (HPV) testing for cervical screening, with triage of high-risk HPV (hrHPV) positive women. However, there are limitations to effective triage for low-resource, high-burden settings, such as Papua New Guinea. In this exploratory study, we assessed the performance of host methylation as triage tools for predicting high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) in self-collected and clinician-collected samples.

Design

Exploratory observational study.

Setting

Provincial hospital, same-day cervical screen-and-treat trial, Papua New Guinea.

Participants

44 hrHPV+women, with paired self/clinician-collected samples (4 squamous cell carcinomas (SCC), 19 HSIL, 4 low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions, 17 normal).

Primary and secondary outcome measures

Methylation levels ofCADM1, MALandmiR124-2analysed by methylation-specific PCRs against the clinical endpoint of HSIL or SCC (HSIL+) measured using liquid-based-cytology/p16-Ki67 stain.

Results

In clinician-collected samples,MALandmiR124-2methylation levels were significantly higher with increasing grade of disease (p=0.0046 and p<0.0015, respectively).miR124-2was the best predictor of HSIL (area under the curve, AUC 0.819) whileMALof SCC (AUC 0.856). In self-collected samples,MALbest predicted HSIL (AUC 0.595) whilemiR124-2SCC (AUC 0.812). CombinedmiR124-2/MALmethylation yielded sensitivity and specificity for HSIL+ of 90.5% (95% CI 69.6% to 98.8%) and 70% (95% CI 45.7% to 88.1%), respectively, in clinician-collected samples, and 81.8% (95% CI 59.7% to 94.8%) and 47.6% (95% CI 25.7% to 70.2%), respectively, in self-collected samples.miR124-2/MALplus HPV16/HPV18 improved sensitivity for HSIL+ (95.2%, 95% CI 76.2% to 99.9%) but decreased specificity (55.0%, 95% CI 31.5% to 76.9%).

Conclusion

miR124-2/MALmethylation is a potential triage strategy for the detection of HSIL/SCC in low-income and middle-income country.
Using mobile health to expedite access to specialty care for youth presenting to the emergency department with concussion at highest risk of developing persisting symptoms: a protocol paper for a non-randomised hybrid implementation-effectiveness trial
Authors: Corwin Daniel J , Godfrey Melissa , Arbogast Kristy B , Zorc Joseph J , Wiebe Douglas J , Michel Jeremy J , Barnett Ian , Stenger Kelsy M , Calandra Lindsey M , Cobb Justin , Winston Flaura K , Master Christina L
Published: June 2024

Introduction

Paediatric concussion is a common injury. Approximately 30% of youth with concussion will experience persisting postconcussion symptoms (PPCS) extending at least 1 month following injury. Recently, studies have shown the benefit of early, active, targeted therapeutic strategies. However, these are primarily prescribed from the specialty setting. Early access to concussion specialty care has been shown to improve recovery times for those at risk for persisting symptoms, but there are disparities in which youth are able to access such care. Mobile health (mHealth) technology has the potential to improve access to concussion specialists. This trial will evaluate the feasibility of a mHealth remote patient monitoring (RPM)-based care handoff model to facilitate access to specialty care, and the effectiveness of the handoff model in reducing the incidence of PPCS.

Methods and analysis

This study is a non-randomised type I, hybrid implementation-effectiveness trial. Youth with concussion ages 13–18 will be enrolled from the emergency department of a large paediatric healthcare network. Patients deemed a moderate-to-high risk for PPCS using the predicting and preventing postconcussive problems in paediatrics (5P) stratification tool will be registered for a web-based chat platform that uses RPM to collect information on symptoms and activity. Those patients with escalating or plateauing symptoms will be contacted for a specialty visit using data collected from RPM to guide management. The primary effectiveness outcome will be the incidence of PPCS, defined as at least three concussion-related symptoms above baseline at 28 days following injury. Secondary effectiveness outcomes will include the number of days until return to preinjury symptom score, clearance for full activity and return to school without accommodations. The primary implementation outcome will be fidelity, defined as the per cent of patients meeting specialty care referral criteria who are ultimately seen in concussion specialty care. Secondary implementation outcomes will include patient-defined and clinician-defined appropriateness and acceptability.

Ethics and dissemination

This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia (IRB 22-019755). Study findings will be published in peer-reviewed journals and disseminated at national and international meetings.

Trial registration number

NCT05741411.
Raising the barcode: improving medication safety behaviours through a behavioural science-informed feedback intervention. A quality improvement project and difference-in-difference analysis
Authors: Grailey Kate , Brazier Alix , Franklin Bryony Dean , McCrudden Clare , Fernandez Crespo Roberto , Brown Helen , Bird James , Acharya Amish , Gregory Alice , Darzi Ara , Huf Sarah
Published: June 2024

Barcode medication administration (BCMA) technology can improve patient safety by using scanning technology to ensure the right drug and dose are given to the right patient. Implementation can be challenging, requiring adoption of different workflows by nursing staff. In one London National Health Service trust scanning rates were lower than desired at around 0–20% of doses per ward. Our objective was to encourage patient safety behaviours in the form of medication scanning through implementation of a feedback intervention. This was informed by behavioural science, codesigned with nurses and informed by known barriers to use. Five wards were selected to trial the intervention over an 18-week period beginning August 2021. The remaining 14 hospital wards acted as controls. Intervention wards had varying uptake of BCMA at baseline and represented a range of specialties. A bespoke feedback intervention comprising three behavioural science constructs (gamification, the messenger effect and framing) was delivered to each intervention ward each week. A linear difference-in-difference analysis was used to evaluate the impact of our intervention on scan rates, both for the overall 18-week period and at two weekly intervals within this timeframe. We identified a 23.1 percentage point increase in medication scan rates (from an average baseline of 15.0% to 38.1%) on the intervention wards compared with control (p<0.001) following implementation of the intervention. Feedback had most impact in the first 6 weeks, with an initial percentage point increase of 26.3 (p<0.001), which subsequently plateaued. Neither clinical specialty nor number of beds on each ward were significant factors in our models. Our study demonstrated that a feedback intervention, codesigned with end users and incorporating behavioural science constructs, can lead to a significant increase in the adoption of BCMA scanning.
Estimated prevalence and associations of sexually transmissible bacterial enteric pathogens in asymptomatic men who have sex with men: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Richardson Daniel , Savary-Trathen Amber , Fitzpatrick Colin , Williams Deborah
Published: June 2024

Objective

The reservoir of sexually transmissible bacterial enteric pathogens in asymptomatic men who have sex with men (MSM) may impact future outbreaks, and the evolution of antimicrobial resistance. We aimed to estimate the pooled prevalence and explore any factors associated withShigellaspp,Campylobacterspp, diarrhoeagenicEscherichia coliandSalmonellaspp in asymptomatic MSM using the random effects model.

Methods

We searched Embase, MEDLINE, CINAHL and Web of Science Core Collections for manuscripts published up to February 2024. One author screened citations and abstracts; two authors independently conducted a full-text review. We included manuscripts which measured the prevalence ofShigellaspp,Campylobacterspp, diarrhoeagenicE. coliandSalmonellaspp in asymptomatic MSM. Quality and risk of bias was assessed independently by two authors using the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal tools. We calculated pooled prevalence and CIs using the random effects model.

Results

Six manuscripts were included in the final review. The manuscripts were from Australia (n=2), the UK (n=2), the Netherlands (n=1) and the USA (n=1) and included data from 3766 asymptomatic MSM tested for bacterial enteric pathogens. The prevalence ofShigellaspp was 1.1% (95% CI 0.7% to 1.7%),Campylobacterspp 1.9% (95% CI 1.5% to 2.5%), diarrhoeagenicE. coli3.8% (95% CI 2.1% to 6.7%) andSalmonellaspp 0.3% (95% CI 0.1% to 0.6%). Two manuscripts demonstrated that the detection of bacterial enteric pathogen was more frequent in asymptomatic MSM using HIV-pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), living with HIV, reporting <5 new sexual partners in the past 3 months, reporting insertive oral-anal sex and group sex compared with MSM testing negative.

Conclusion

Despite a small number of manuscripts, this review has estimated the pooled prevalence, and highlighted some possible associations with sexually transmissible bacterial enteric pathogens in asymptomatic MSM, which can inform future clinical guidelines, public health control strategies and research to increase our understanding of transmission and the evolution of antimicrobial resistance.

PROSPERO registration number

CRD42024518700.
Seawater impact on permeability of compacted bentonite–sand mixtures: role of montmorillonite content and its interlayer cations
Authors: Watanabe Yasutaka , Yokoyama Shingo , Shimbashi Misato , Yamamoto Yoichi , Goto Takahiro
Published: June 2024

The impact of seawater (SW) on the permeability of compacted bentonite‒sand mixtures was investigated. The montmorillonite content ranged from 36% to 64%, and the ratio of the amount of extracted Na ions to the cation exchange capacity (Na/CEC) ranged from 0.01 to 0.84 for the six bentonites used in this study. The higher initial Na/CEC of the bentonite represented a large difference of ratio in the hydraulic conductivity between the SW and deionized water (DW) conditions ( kSW/ kDW). Only the bentonite with Na/CEC = 0.01 showed no difference in the hydraulic conductivity in SW and DW conditions ( kSW/ kDW = 1), indicating that the crystalline swelling state was maintained constantly. Regarding the crystalline swelling as the reference state, we defined the external pore by taking the difference between the total pore and interlayer space of montmorillonite. The approximate unique relationship between kSW/ kDW and the volume ratio of Ca- and Mg-montmorillonite to external pore was obtained. We found that the smaller volume of external pores, as well as the larger amount of interlayer Ca and Mg ions, played a key role in mitigating the impact of SW on the permeability of the compacted bentonite‒sand mixture.
Features and strategy influence performance on a chemistry spatial task
Authors: Hemmerich Alex , Yu Victoria , Ingman James , Bongers Amanda
Published: June 2024

Spatial thinking is an important skill for success in the chemistry classroom. Experimental studies on mental rotation, a key skill for spatial thinking, show interesting trends in participant performance on 2D and 3D similarity judgement tasks. In these studies, participants’ use of mental rotation is determined by linear regression and/or correlations of response time versus angular disparity of the task. While judgements with block diagrams are amenable to mental rotation, studies find differences with the more symbolic 2D chemistry diagrams depending in the participants’ expertise: novices tend to use mental rotation, while experts use algorithms or other heuristics. Herein, we study these aspects chemistry, spatial thinking, and mental rotation, adding to prior work by investigating the effect of time limits and how task variables like axis and angular disparity influence task performance. We also incorporated a block design that allowed us to look for practice effects. This study was conducted online with undergraduate students ( N = 162) and designed as a conceptual replication of Stieff et al. (2018) to explore how features of the task (e.g., axis of rotation) influence participants accuracy, response time, and their use of mental rotation, diagrammatic, analytic, or algorithmic strategies. Our results suggest that mental rotation was being used successfully for only z-axis rotations, with other strategies such as symmetry heuristics are likely being used for x- and y-axis rotations. We also found that practice can improve stereochemistry task performance. These findings support chemistry novices’ reliance on mental rotation but also suggest that alternative strategies are used when time is limited.
Synchrony of alewife, Alosa pseudoharengus, year-class strength in the Great Lakes region
Authors: Warren Les D. , Honsey Andrew E. , Bunnell David B. , Collingsworth Paris D. , Hondorp Darryl W. , Madenjian Charles P. , Warner David M. , Weidel Brian C. , Hӧӧk Tomas O.
Published: June 2024

Fish recruitment is interannually variable and challenging to predict. Annual recruitment is often regionally synchronized among populations and identifying drivers of such synchrony may help shed light on recruitment dynamics. We investigated interannual variation of alewife Alosa pseudoharengus recruitment by estimating year-class strength for populations from three of the Laurentian Great Lakes (lakes Huron, Michigan, and Ontario) using annual assessment survey data from 1968 to 2022. We first determined the age when year-class strength was set for each dataset. We then used a mixed-modeling approach incorporating age, year-class, and sampling year to estimate year-class strength for each study lake. Thereafter, we evaluated regional synchrony in year-class strength across the three lakes and evaluated potential climatic drivers of synchrony. Our results suggest that alewife year-class strength is set by age-1. Our model-derived indices of alewife year-class strength were synchronized among the three lakes, and we identified spring-summer degree-days as a potential regional driver of synchrony. This analysis highlights the potential for strong influence of climatic conditions on fish recruitment in large freshwater systems.
DYNAMICAL BEHAVIOR OF AN SIR EPIDEMIC MODEL WITH RATIO-DEPENDENT IMPULSIVE CONTROL AND BEDDINGTON–DEANGELIS INCIDENCE
Authors: HUANG RUILI , ZHANG SUXIA , XU XIAXIA
Published: June 2024

In this paper, we propose an epidemic model of SIR type with ratio-dependent impulse control and Beddington–DeAngelis (B–D) incidence. According to the magnitude of the basic reproductive number [Formula: see text] and the relation of the endemic equilibrium [Formula: see text] and the ratio threshold [Formula: see text], dynamical analysis of the controlled system is conducted. Under the control strategy, if [Formula: see text], the solutions converge to the disease-free equilibrium. If [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], the impulsive system has periodic solution that is orbitally asymptotically stable, and order-[Formula: see text] periodic solution does not exist. Furthermore, if [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], the solution converges either to the endemic equilibrium or to a periodic solution, which is proved to be determined by the initial value. Finally, numerical simulations are performed to demonstrate the theoretical results.
ANALYSIS SEQUENTIAL FRACTIONAL DIFFERENCES AND RELATED MONOTONICITY RESULTS
Authors: MOHAMMED PSHTIWAN OTHMAN , LIZAMA CARLOS , AL-SARAIRAH EMAN , GUIRAO JUAN L. G. , CHORFI NEJMEDDINE , VIVAS-CORTEZ MIGUEL
Published: June 2024

This paper employs the monotonicity analysis for non-negativity to derive a class of sequential fractional backward differences of Riemann–Liouville type [Formula: see text] based on a certain subspace in the parameter space [Formula: see text]. Auxiliary and restriction conditions are included in the monotonicity results obtained in this paper and they confirm the monotonicity of the function on [Formula: see text]. A non-monotonicity result is also established based on the main conditions together with further dual conditions, and this confirms that the main theorem is almost sharp. Furthermore, we recast the dual conditions in a sing condition, and then we represent the sharpness result in a new corollary. Finally, numerical results via MATLAB software are used to illustrate the main mathematical results for some special cases.
THE Q-ANALOGUES OF NONSINGULAR FRACTIONAL OPERATORS WITH MITTAG-LEFFLER AND EXPONENTIAL KERNELS
Authors: THABET SABRI T. M. , KEDIM IMED , ABDALLA BAHAAELDIN , ABDELJAWAD THABET
Published: June 2024

This paper is devoted to introducing a new [Formula: see text]-fractional calculus in the framework of Atangana–Baleanu ([Formula: see text]) and Caputo–Fabrizio ([Formula: see text]) operators. First, an appropriate [Formula: see text]-Mittag-Leffler function is defined, and then [Formula: see text]-analogues of fractional derivatives of Atangana–Baleanu–Riemann ([Formula: see text]) and Atangana–Baleanu–Caputo ([Formula: see text]) are derived. Next, the [Formula: see text]-analogues of proper fractional integrals in the [Formula: see text] sense are proved. Several important properties of these definitions are investigated by using the [Formula: see text]-Laplace transform. Additionally, a suitable [Formula: see text]-exponential function is defined, and the [Formula: see text]-analogues of [Formula: see text] fractional derivatives with their inverse operators are introduced. The higher-order extension of the [Formula: see text]-analogues of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] fractional operators is discussed. Finally, a demonstrative example is enhanced to check the effectiveness of [Formula: see text]-[Formula: see text] calculus. We believe that these outcomes will be the care of many researchers in the field of fractional calculus.
A survey of 3D Space Path-Planning Methods and Algorithms
Authors: Mazaheri Hakimeh , Goli Salman , Nourollah Ali
Published: June 2024

Due to their agility, cost-effectiveness, and high maneuverability, Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) have attracted considerable attention from researchers and investors alike. Path planning is one of the practical subsets of motion planning for UAVs. It prevents collisions and ensures complete coverage of an area. This study provides a structured review of applicable algorithms and coverage path planning solutions in Three-Dimensional (3D) space, presenting state-of-the-art technologies related to heuristic decomposition approaches for UAVs and the forefront challenges. Additionally, it introduces a comprehensive and novel classification of practical methods and representational techniques for path-planning algorithms. This depends on environmental characteristics and optimal parameters in the real world. The first category presents a classification of semi-accurate decomposition approaches as the most practical decomposition method, along with the data structure of these practices, categorized by phases. The second category illustrates path-planning processes based on symbolic techniques in 3D space. Additionally, it provides a critical analysis of crucial influential approaches based on their importance in path quality and researchers’ attention, highlighting their limitations and research gaps. Furthermore, it will provide the most pertinent recommendations for future work for researchers. The studies demonstrate an apparent inclination among experimenters toward using the semi-accurate cellular decomposition approach to improve 3D path planning.
A Toolset for Predicting Performance of Legacy Real-Time Software Based on the RAST Approach
Authors: Tomak Juri , Gorlatch Sergei
Published: June 2024

Simulating and predicting the performance of a distributed software system that works under stringent real-time constraints poses significant challenges, particularly when dealing with legacy systems being in production use, where any disruption is intolerable. This challenge is exacerbated in the context of a System Under Evaluation (SUE) that operates within a resource-sharing environment, running concurrently with numerous other software components. In this paper, we introduce an innovative toolset designed for predicting the performance of such complex and time-critical software systems. Our toolset builds upon the RAST (
R
egression
A
nalysis,
S
imulation, and load
T
esting) approach, significantly enhanced in this paper compared to its initial version. While current state-of-the-art methods for performance prediction often rely on data collected by Application Performance Monitoring (APM), the unavailability of APM tools for existing systems and the complexities associated with integrating them into legacy software necessitate alternative approaches. Our toolset, therefore, utilizes readily accessible system request logs as a substitute for APM data. We describe the enhancements made to the original RAST approach, we outline the design and implementation of our RAST-based toolset, and we showcase its simulation accuracy and effectiveness using the publicly available TeaStore benchmarking system. To ensure the reproducibility of our experiments, we provide open access to our toolset’s implementation and the utilized TeaStore model.
Stepwise Spatial Global-local Aggregation Networks for Autonomous Driving
Authors: Cui Yiming , Han Cheng , Liu Dongfang
Published: June 2024

Visual-based perception is the key module for autonomous driving. Among those visual perception tasks, video object detection is a primary yet challenging one because of feature degradation caused by fast motion or multiple poses. Current models usually aggregate features from the neighboring frames to enhance the object representations for the task heads to generate more accurate predictions. Though getting better performance, these methods rely on the information from the future frames and suffer from high computational complexity. Meanwhile, the aggregation process is not reconfigurable during the inference time. These issues make most of the existing models infeasible for online applications. To solve these problems, we introduce a stepwise spatial global-local aggregation network. Our proposed models mainly contain three parts: (1). Multi-stage stepwise network gradually refines the predictions and object representations from the previous stage; (2). Spatial global-local aggregation fuses the local information from the neighboring frames and global semantics from the current frame to eliminate the feature degradation; (3). Dynamic aggregation strategy stops the aggregation process early based on the refinement results to remove redundancy and improve efficiency. Extensive experiments on the ImageNet VID benchmark validate the effectiveness and efficiency of our proposed models.
Transaction Fee Mechanism Design
Authors: Roughgarden Tim
Published: June 2024

Demand for blockchains such as Bitcoin and Ethereum is far larger than supply, necessitating a mechanism that selects a subset of transactions to include “on-chain” from the pool of all pending transactions. This article investigates the problem of designing a blockchain transaction fee mechanism through the lens of mechanism design. We introduce two new forms of incentive compatibility that capture some of the idiosyncrasies of the blockchain setting, one (MMIC) that protects against deviations by profit-maximizing miners and one (OCA-proofness) that protects against off-chain collusion between miners and users.

This study is immediately applicable to a major change to Ethereum’s transaction fee mechanism, made on August 5, 2021, based on a proposal called “EIP-1559.” Originally, Ethereum’s transaction fee mechanism was a first-price (pay-as-bid) auction. EIP-1559 suggested making several tightly coupled changes, including the introduction of variable-size blocks, a history-dependent reserve price, and the burning of a significant portion of the transaction fees. We prove that this new mechanism earns an impressive report card: it satisfies the MMIC and OCA-proofness conditions, and is also dominant-strategy incentive compatible (DSIC) except when there is a sudden demand spike. We also introduce an alternative design, the “tipless mechanism,” which offers an incomparable slate of incentive-compatibility guarantees—it is MMIC and DSIC, and OCA-proof unless in the midst of a demand spike.
Enhanced Stability-Based Hydroxymethyl Cellulose/Polyacrylamide Interpenetrating Dual Network Hydrogel Electrolyte for Flexible Yarn Zinc-Ion Batteries
Authors: Li Ting-Ting , Chen Pei , Fu Xiang-dong , Shen Bao-lei , Zhang Lu , Hsieh Chien-Teng , Lin Jia-Horng , Lou Ching-Wen
Published: June 2024

As the field of wearable electronics continues to boom, the demand for flexible energy storage devices continues to grow. However, the development of soft energy supply devices with excellent stability is still a challenging task. Traditional hydrogel electrolytes are prone to mechanical deformation, which makes it difficult to maintain the functional stability of flexible yarn due to its short battery life and low wear resistance. Here, we developed a reversible energy-dissipating dual-network hydrogel electrolyte. The hydroxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/polyacrylamide (PAM) hydrogel electrolyte has a tensile deformation of 2700% and a high ionic conductivity of 6.37 × 10−2 S cm−1. The specific capacity of the assembled CMC/PAM-based yarn cell was 170 μAh cm−1 at 1 mA cm−1 and 73.14% after 100 cycles. The excellent performance is attributed to the crosslinked double network structure, in which the introduction of carboxyl groups is conducive to the improvement of hydrophilicity and ionic conductivity. The hydrogen bond and reversible CMC macromolecular chain can be restored after stress relief, which greatly improves the toughness of the material. Even under different bending angles and repeated bending conditions, zinc yarn batteries still have outstanding mechanical properties and cycle stability (71.28% specific capacity after 100 cycles), showing broad application prospects in wearable smart textiles.
External constraints that led to physiology lab improvements
Authors: Milanick Mark A.
Published: June 2024

I learned to explicitly recognize the current and projected constraints of instructor comfort, money, space, student background (poor graph reading and problem-solving skills), student safety, and time and energy on the possible goals and methods to attain them for an undergraduate physiology lab. I cannot decide if changing constraints allowed me to reexamine my goals or whether it forced me to reexamine my goals. In either case, the reexamination of my goals (and their priorities), within the context of the constraints, allowed me to redesign the labs to better meet my new goals within this new context.
Eukaryotic cell size regulation and its implications for cellular function and dysfunction
Authors: Chadha Yagya , Khurana Arohi , Schmoller Kurt M.
Published: June 2024

Depending on cell type, environmental inputs, and disease, the cells in the human body can have widely different sizes. In recent years, it has become clear that cell size is a major regulator of cell function. However, we are only beginning to understand how the optimization of cell function determines a given cell’s optimal size. Here, we review currently known size control strategies of eukaryotic cells and the intricate link of cell size to intracellular biomolecular scaling, organelle homeostasis, and cell cycle progression. We detail the cell size-dependent regulation of early development and the impact of cell size on cell differentiation. Given the importance of cell size for normal cellular physiology, cell size control must account for changing environmental conditions. We describe how cells sense environmental stimuli, such as nutrient availability, and accordingly adapt their size by regulating cell growth and cell cycle progression. Moreover, we discuss the correlation of pathological states with misregulation of cell size and how for a long time this was considered a downstream consequence of cellular dysfunction. We review newer studies that reveal a reversed causality, with misregulated cell size leading to pathophysiological phenotypes such as senescence and aging. In summary, we highlight the important roles of cell size in cellular function and dysfunction, which could have major implications for both diagnostics and treatment in the clinic.
Relationships Between Parental Proviolence Attitudes, Parental Moral Disengagement, and Aggressive Behaviour in Preschoolers: The Moderating Role of Teacher–Child Closeness
Authors: Víllora Beatriz , Larrañaga Elisa , Rodríguez-Álvarez Juan Manuel , Yubero Santiago , Navarro Raúl
Published: June 2024

Drawing on social cognitive theory, three main research objectives have been addressed. In the first instance, we examined the relationship between parental proviolence attitudes and aggressive behaviour in preschool children. Secondly, we analysed the relationship between parental moral disengagement and aggressive behaviour in preschool children. Third and finally, we evaluated the moderating role of teacher–child closeness in the relationship between family variables and aggressive behaviour in preschoolers. Using a sample of 388 children (47.2% girls, 52.8% boys), mothers and fathers rated their own proviolence attitudes and propensity to morally disengage. Teachers completed a questionnaire to rate their closeness to each student in their class. Four months later, the teachers in each participating class were asked to provide ratings of overt and relational aggression for each participating child. Hierarchical regression analyses showed a positive significant relationship between maternal proviolence attitudes, both maternal and paternal moral disengagement and overt aggression in preschool children, but no relationship was found for relational aggression. It was also found that medium/high teacher–child closeness moderated the relationship between parental proviolence attitudes, parental moral disengagement, and overt aggressive behaviour in children, but only in the case of mothers.
Decisions on Estimation of Carbon Limits and Environmental Investment with Incomplete Information
Authors: Pan Jian , Jiang Yumei , Zhang Xiaran , Meng Qingchun
Published: June 2024

Due to the recent implementation of carbon limits and certain government delays in promulgating these limits, some firms are faced with incomplete information regarding their carbon limits, which hinders their ability to make environmental investments based on accurate information. This study aims to investigate firms’ optimal decisions regarding carbon limit estimations and environmental investment amounts when faced with incomplete information on carbon limits. In addition, it explores the impact of such uncertain regulations on firms’ environmental investments. These issues are progressively addressed through the establishment and resolution of a two‐stage model. The research indicates that it is not always appropriate for firms to estimate carbon limits as the minimum value. While this strategy helps them better adapt to strict emission regulations, it involves substantial financial costs. The level of environmental investment is negatively influenced by estimated carbon limits, owing to the escalating marginal cost nature associated with reducing carbon emissions. However, the impact of carbon limit uncertainty on environmental investment is not constant. It can be positive, negative, or neutral depending on the firm’s trade‐off between decision robustness and profit objectives. These findings provide insights into how firms in countries that have recently implemented carbon limits and delayed the disclosure of carbon limits can make environmental investments.
Supplementary Figure 9 from Ultrasensitive Detection of Circulating LINE-1 ORF1p as a Specific Multicancer Biomarker
Authors: Taylor Martin S. , Wu Connie , Fridy Peter C. , Zhang Stephanie J. , Senussi Yasmeen , Wolters Justina C. , Cajuso Tatiana , Cheng Wen-Chih , Heaps John D. , Miller Bryant D. , Mori Kei , Cohen Limor , Jiang Hua , Molloy Kelly R. , Chait Brian T. , Goggins Michael G. , Bhan Irun , Franses Joseph W. , Yang Xiaoyu , Taplin Mary-Ellen , Wang Xinan , Christiani David C. , Johnson Bruce E. , Meyerson Matthew , Uppaluri Ravindra , Egloff Ann Marie , Denault Elyssa N. , Spring Laura M. , Wang Tian-Li , Shih Ie-Ming , Fairman Jennifer E. , Jung Euihye , Arora Kshitij S. , Yilmaz Osman H. , Cohen Sonia , Sharova Tatyana , Chi Gary , Norden Bryanna L. , Song Yuhui , Nieman Linda T. , Pappas Leontios , Parikh Aparna R. , Strickland Matthew R. , Corcoran Ryan B. , Mustelin Tomas , Eng George , Yilmaz Ömer H. , Matulonis Ursula A. , Chan Andrew T. , Skates Steven J. , Rueda Bo R. , Drapkin Ronny , Klempner Samuel J. , Deshpande Vikram , Ting David T. , Rout Michael P. , LaCava John , Walt David R. , Burns Kathleen H.
Published: June 2024

Nanobody generation
Supplementary Figure 3 from Ultrasensitive Detection of Circulating LINE-1 ORF1p as a Specific Multicancer Biomarker
Authors: Taylor Martin S. , Wu Connie , Fridy Peter C. , Zhang Stephanie J. , Senussi Yasmeen , Wolters Justina C. , Cajuso Tatiana , Cheng Wen-Chih , Heaps John D. , Miller Bryant D. , Mori Kei , Cohen Limor , Jiang Hua , Molloy Kelly R. , Chait Brian T. , Goggins Michael G. , Bhan Irun , Franses Joseph W. , Yang Xiaoyu , Taplin Mary-Ellen , Wang Xinan , Christiani David C. , Johnson Bruce E. , Meyerson Matthew , Uppaluri Ravindra , Egloff Ann Marie , Denault Elyssa N. , Spring Laura M. , Wang Tian-Li , Shih Ie-Ming , Fairman Jennifer E. , Jung Euihye , Arora Kshitij S. , Yilmaz Osman H. , Cohen Sonia , Sharova Tatyana , Chi Gary , Norden Bryanna L. , Song Yuhui , Nieman Linda T. , Pappas Leontios , Parikh Aparna R. , Strickland Matthew R. , Corcoran Ryan B. , Mustelin Tomas , Eng George , Yilmaz Ömer H. , Matulonis Ursula A. , Chan Andrew T. , Skates Steven J. , Rueda Bo R. , Drapkin Ronny , Klempner Samuel J. , Deshpande Vikram , Ting David T. , Rout Michael P. , LaCava John , Walt David R. , Burns Kathleen H.
Published: June 2024

Circulating ORF1p levels in lung cancer patient cohort
Supplementary Figure 12 from Ultrasensitive Detection of Circulating LINE-1 ORF1p as a Specific Multicancer Biomarker
Authors: Taylor Martin S. , Wu Connie , Fridy Peter C. , Zhang Stephanie J. , Senussi Yasmeen , Wolters Justina C. , Cajuso Tatiana , Cheng Wen-Chih , Heaps John D. , Miller Bryant D. , Mori Kei , Cohen Limor , Jiang Hua , Molloy Kelly R. , Chait Brian T. , Goggins Michael G. , Bhan Irun , Franses Joseph W. , Yang Xiaoyu , Taplin Mary-Ellen , Wang Xinan , Christiani David C. , Johnson Bruce E. , Meyerson Matthew , Uppaluri Ravindra , Egloff Ann Marie , Denault Elyssa N. , Spring Laura M. , Wang Tian-Li , Shih Ie-Ming , Fairman Jennifer E. , Jung Euihye , Arora Kshitij S. , Yilmaz Osman H. , Cohen Sonia , Sharova Tatyana , Chi Gary , Norden Bryanna L. , Song Yuhui , Nieman Linda T. , Pappas Leontios , Parikh Aparna R. , Strickland Matthew R. , Corcoran Ryan B. , Mustelin Tomas , Eng George , Yilmaz Ömer H. , Matulonis Ursula A. , Chan Andrew T. , Skates Steven J. , Rueda Bo R. , Drapkin Ronny , Klempner Samuel J. , Deshpande Vikram , Ting David T. , Rout Michael P. , LaCava John , Walt David R. , Burns Kathleen H.
Published: June 2024

Screening of newly developed monoclonal antibody candidates.
Supplementary Figure 1 from Ultrasensitive Detection of Circulating LINE-1 ORF1p as a Specific Multicancer Biomarker
Authors: Taylor Martin S. , Wu Connie , Fridy Peter C. , Zhang Stephanie J. , Senussi Yasmeen , Wolters Justina C. , Cajuso Tatiana , Cheng Wen-Chih , Heaps John D. , Miller Bryant D. , Mori Kei , Cohen Limor , Jiang Hua , Molloy Kelly R. , Chait Brian T. , Goggins Michael G. , Bhan Irun , Franses Joseph W. , Yang Xiaoyu , Taplin Mary-Ellen , Wang Xinan , Christiani David C. , Johnson Bruce E. , Meyerson Matthew , Uppaluri Ravindra , Egloff Ann Marie , Denault Elyssa N. , Spring Laura M. , Wang Tian-Li , Shih Ie-Ming , Fairman Jennifer E. , Jung Euihye , Arora Kshitij S. , Yilmaz Osman H. , Cohen Sonia , Sharova Tatyana , Chi Gary , Norden Bryanna L. , Song Yuhui , Nieman Linda T. , Pappas Leontios , Parikh Aparna R. , Strickland Matthew R. , Corcoran Ryan B. , Mustelin Tomas , Eng George , Yilmaz Ömer H. , Matulonis Ursula A. , Chan Andrew T. , Skates Steven J. , Rueda Bo R. , Drapkin Ronny , Klempner Samuel J. , Deshpande Vikram , Ting David T. , Rout Michael P. , LaCava John , Walt David R. , Burns Kathleen H.
Published: June 2024

Age and gender distributions of healthy control patients
Supplementary Figure S5 from The TERT Promoter is Polycomb-Repressed in Neuroblastoma Cells with Long Telomeres
Authors: Graham Mindy K. , Xu Beisi , Davis Christine , Meeker Alan K. , Heaphy Christopher M. , Yegnasubramanian Srinivasan , Dyer Michael A. , Zeineldin Maged
Published: June 2024

Supplementary Figure S5
Reflexões à margem de um tema: geografia e turismo no Brasil
Authors: Tulik Olga
Published: June 2024

The development of a teaching program as a fulfilment of a tourism course of the “Escola de Comunicações e Artes” (School of Communication and Arts) of the University of São Paulo has resulted in some considerations which are put forth here. These teaching lectures were carried up through a cooperation of the Section of Geography of the “Museu Paulista” (Paulista Museum) to the “Escola de Comunicações e Artes”. The tourism activities and their impact on the Brazilian landscape were described as a geographer sees them.
Contribuição para o estudo do comércio de cabotagem no Brasil 1802-1822
Authors: Prado Maria Lígia C. , Luizetto Maria Cristina Z.
Published: June 2024

The purpose of the following article is to situate the commercial coastwise navigation in the era of Dom João VI within the broader frame of the Brazilian economy connected mainly with exportation. This peculiar situation is presented through the direction of the activity of the main ports and of their commercialized products. Also taken into account are documents of the laws of this period showing the ambiguities of the policies of Dom João VI which oscillated between the liberal measures expressing British interests and the corresponding mercantile measures of the aspirations of Portuguese interests.
Cortejos na avenida: Anhangabaú, São João e Tiradentes (1968-1990)
Authors: Pinheiro Gleuson
Published: June 2024

This article deals with the samba school parade locations in the city of São Paulo since its officialization, which occurred in 1968, before the construction of the sambódromo, opened in 1991. The objective is to analyze the transformations that the festivities underwen while it was based, respectively, in Vale do Anhangabaú (1968 to 1972), on Avenida São João (1973 to 1977) and on Avenida Tiradentes (1977 to 1990). For this purpose, the main sources consulted were photographic and video images produced, mainly, for journalistic coverage of the event. Our objective is to identify how changes occurred in the relationships between the audience and paraders, the successive resizing of the parade track and the stands and point out how the architectural configurations of the parade catwalk were adapting to different stimuli and needs and, at the same time, induced transformations in the procession itself.
Understanding the Relationship Between Cerebrovascular Disease and the Gut Microbiome
Authors: Roth William , Lo Elaine , De Leon Orlando , Suriya Sajid , Fakhri Farima , Brorson James R. , Polster Sean , Kass‐Hout Tareq , Prabhakaran Shyam , Siegler James E.
Published: June 2024

While traditional vascular risk factors (eg, hypertension, dyslipidemia, tobacco use) account for 20% of the explained variance in carotid atherosclerosis, they remain a prominent focus for primary and secondary ischemic stroke prevention strategies. Among other potential contributors to atheroma formation and cerebrovascular disease, the gut microbiome has become increasingly implicated as a mediator of vascular risk. The foods we eat, coupled with our physiology and exposures (eg, antibiotics, supplements), directly contribute to atherosclerotic disease in complex ways that are mediated by gastrointestinal flora and metabolic by‐products. Proliferation of “pathogenic” gut microbes such as
Enterobacteriaceae
and
Streptococcus
spp, decrement of “commensal” species such as
Akkermansia
spp and the biodiversity of gut flora are directly related to an individual's dietary intake and exposure history. Each of these components of the gut microbiome correlate with the development or progression of many conditions including atherosclerosis. Moreover, the metabolism of certain substrates found in animal products (notably
l
‐carnitine and choline) and of refined sugars by these microorganisms leads to buildup of circulating metabolites with known links to atherogenesis, platelet activation, atrial fibrillation, and other adverse vascular outcomes. Several of these toxic metabolites, including trimethylamine and trimethylamine N‐oxide, have been extensively studied in cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease. Trimethylamine and trimethylamine N‐oxide represent not only biomarkers of gut dysbiosis and cardiovascular risk, but they are increasingly recognized as therapeutic targets for novel interventions in atherosclerotic vascular disease. The individualized targeting of one's microbiome, and perhaps more generalized targeting of toxic microbial metabolites, has the potential to revolutionize the treatment of vascular disease. In this review, we summarize the latest evidence illustrating the impact of the microbiome on cerebrovascular disease and highlight the potential applications of this information on individualized and global scales.
4. Aesthetic Emotions in Music
Authors: Timmers Renee , Bannister Scott , M. Lennie Thomas
Published: June 2024

Theories and methods that investigate aesthetic emotions in music listening have been shaped by certain assumptions concerning the context and function in which such music appreciation takes place. This chapter summarises main understanding and debates in this area and reflects on what changes in approach are required for psychological research to be sensitive and more applicable to a variety of musical practices. We propose an embodied and dynamic approach to aesthetic emotions, built on the bodily, cognitive, and functional affordances of music. We argue that such an approach will help define a flexible framework for cross-cultural research, reducing reliance on implicit assumptions of (passive) aesthetic contemplation, and instead advancing the notions of situated goals and active listening. Aesthetic emotions may be distinguished from everyday emotions by functional context, close interaction with musical properties, and the functions and engagements afforded by music that listeners value and experience as meaningful.
6. Adolescent Musical Preferences and their Relationship with Schwartz’s Basic Values
Authors: Stepanović Ilić Ivana , Videnović Marina , Krnjaić Zora , Krstić Ksenija
Published: June 2024

This study aimed to identify musical preferences in Serbian adolescents and determine a potential relationship between them and the adolescents’ values. The sample included 1,358 respondents (aged 15–17). Musical preferences were investigated through a scale that included twelve music genres and ten values from Schwartz’s instrument. Four musical preference factors were revealed: Rebellious (Metal, Rock, Punk, and avoidance of Folk music); Sophisticated (Jazz, R&B, Reggae); Energetic (Techno, Hip-hop, House); and Conventional (Pop). Relationships with value dimensions were established, e.g., Rebellious preference correlates positively with Universalism, Power, and Self-direction and negatively with Hedonism and Benevolence; Sophisticated preference is positively and strongly related to Self-direction and Stimulation, while negatively with Security, Conformity, and Tradition; Energetic preference correlates positively with Universalism and negatively with Hedonism; and Conventional preference correlates negatively with Power and Self-direction and positively with Benevolence. Results suggest that the music preferences of Serbian adolescents are comparable to those identified in other countries and that it is possible to relate them to values that the adolescents hold.
7. How Professional Musicians Can Better Connect to Audiences for Live Classical Music
Authors: Sloboda John
Published: June 2024

This chapter aims to increase understanding of how artists and promoters can respond to audience needs through practical but theoretically grounded adjustments to the concert experience. It does this by drawing out key elements of an artist-led series of research projects which brought musicians and researchers together to explore how more of what audiences seek can be added to live classical events through principled innovations in programme design, content, and presentation. These projects drew on a framework provided by Sloboda and Ford (2019), which identifies four key dimensions on which concerts can vary. Four case studies are discussed, each focusing primarily on one of the four dimensions in the framework, with summary accounts of methodology, findings, and implications. The chapter concludes with a consideration of how these understandings might be adapted and enlarged to reflect the experiences, challenges, and opportunities faced by musicians giving concerts during the Covid-19 restrictions of 2020.
8. Influences of Physical and Imagined Others in Music Students’ Experiences of Practice and Performance
Authors: Schiavio Andrea , Meissner Henrique , Timmers Renee
Published: June 2024

Musical tasks are commonly undertaken either individually or within a group setting, often with the additional presence of an audience. While these scenarios entail distinct social contexts, our study delves into crossovers: we explore how the social dimension permeates individual contexts and, conversely, how individual experiences are woven into social settings. To do so, we asked music higher education students based in the Netherlands and the United Kingdom to reflect on their felt experiences of others who may be imagined or physically present during individual and group practice or performance. Qualitative findings highlight the role of perspective-taking and attentional focus, the experienced differences between in-person communication and imagined intersubjectivity, the role of trust and opportunity for creative freedom, and the strongly valenced implications of the perspectives on self and others. These themes are seen as opening avenues for further investigation with relevance to music education to explicitly consider how students experience and think about others.