bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DESENVOLVIMENTO DE SISTEMA DE CONTROLE PARA OTIMIZAÇÃO DA POTÊNCIA EM MÓDULO FOTOVOLTAICO
Authors: Carmo Ingredy Gabriela Gomes , Fernanda Prudente Moraes Fernanda Prudente Moraes , Medeiros Antônio Marcos de Melo , Vinhal Gustavo Siqueira , de Sousa Marcos Antônio
Published: April 2021

Considerando o crescente interesse no uso de energia limpa e sustentável, contudo variais como temperatura, condição ambiente e irradiação, aos quais, o sistema é submetido, afetam diretamente a quantidade de energia transferida do(s) módulo(s) solar fotovoltaico(s) para o banco de baterias ou para a rede de serviços públicos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar o sistema solar fotovoltaico utilizando um modelo sugerido implementado no MatLab, baseado em Levantamentos bibliográficos para encontrar formas de maximizar a eficiência do sistema. Foi utilizado no modelo a técnica de MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking) juntamente com o algoritmo Método Perturbação e Observação para otimizar o sistema, rastreando a máxima corrente e tensão, e consequentemente o ponto máximo de potência (MPP), dada certa irradiação.
PROJETO VERSÁTIL DE ADAPTAÇÃO DO CONTADOR GEIGER-MÜLLER PARA AFERIÇÃO E QUANTIZAÇÃO DE RADIAÇÃO IONIZANTE NO AMBIENTE E EM PESSOAS
Authors: DUARTE NETO LÁZARO LUIZ , Ramos Marina Abadia , Pinho Tiago Letícia Marques , da Silva Junior Adriano Reis
Published: April 2021

Radiação é energia que se propaga a partir de uma fonte emissora através de qualquer meio, podendo ser classificada como energia em trânsito, forma de energia que consegue promover a ionização de moléculas e espécies químicas causando alterações indesejadas, inclusive de saúde. Partículas altamente energéticas como partículas alfa, os elétrons e os pósitrons são emitidos espontaneamente de núcleos radioativos encontrados diariamente na natureza. As lesões e danos nas estruturas fisiológicas são ocasionados pela modificação da estrutura química de moléculas corporais. Devido às atividades naturais e humanas é importante manter um controle acerca das quantidades e doses dessas radiações que estamos expostos a todo tempo, dessa forma decidimos pela criação de um equipamento de medição de radiação ionizante fundamentado na busca de ferramentas nas publicações bibliográficas atuais. Usaremos um aparato de Geiger-Müller circuitado eletronicamente, relativamente simples e de baixo custo, composto por um tubo GeigerMüller, um circuito de alta tensão e um divisor de tensão para a leitura em um micro controlador (medidor) para a leitura e interpretação dos dados. O circuito de alta tensão que alimenta o tubo será projetado de forma a manter 400 V em corrente contínua de maneira estável necessária para o bom funcionamento do equipamento.
MODELAGEM DE PEQUENOS SINAIS PARA UM INVERSOR DE TENSÃO MONOFÁSICO NPC EM PONTE COMPLETA
Authors: Assis José Elias Freitas , Meloni Lucas Frederico Jardim , dos Santos Carlos Renato Borges
Published: April 2021

Abordar aplicações contendo inversores de tensão com saídas conectadas à rede elétrica é um desafio para disciplinas laboratoriais de Eletrônica de Potência. Os sistemas de sincronismo do conversor com a rede elétrica, atualmente são implementados através de algoritmos Phase Locked Loops (PLLs) embarcados em DSPs. A compreensão e implementação desses algoritmos envolve tópicos avançados de modelagem e controle de sistemas discretos, técnicas de processamento de sinais, transformações matemáticas de Clarke e Park para sistemas trifásicos ou monofásicos, além de técnicas avançadas de programação. Tamanha complexidade limita as abordagens em aulas laboratoriais, muitas vezes substituídas por experimentos demonstrativos ou simulações computacionais. Com o objetivo de promover uma abordagem simples e didática, o presente artigo propõe um sistema PLL digital, de baixa complexidade e custo, capaz de executar as funções necessárias para sincronização de conversores com a rede elétrica. Serão mostradas suas principais funcionalidades, vantagens e desvantagens perante as técnicas modernas, para que o aluno compreenda de forma fácil os conceitos básicos destes tópicos.
ABORDAGEM SIMPLIFICADA PARA DETERMINAÇÃO DA FUNÇÃO DENSIDADE DE PROBABILIDADE DE GERAÇÃO FOTOVOLTAICA.
Authors: PICCO IGOR UTZIG , Tortelli Odilon Luís
Published: April 2021

Este trabalho propõe uma abordagem para se obter a função densidade de probabilidade da geração fotovoltaica de maneira simples e direta, visando facilitar a realização de estudos probabilísticos do sistema elétrico. O estudo parte da função densidade de probabilidade da radiação solar que chega na superfície terrestre e, através de simplificações, estende a distribuição para a potência elétrica produzida por um painel fotovoltaico. O método proposto utiliza somente a radiação média, radiação máxima e potência nominal do conjunto gerador como parâmetros de entrada. Duas simulações são apresentadas a fim de demonstrar como a curva de probabilidades se adapta a diferentes horizontes temporais facilmente. Em função de sua simplicidade e versatilidade, a presente proposta se mostra como uma alternativa atraente para estudos elétricos preliminares que envolvam exaustivas avaliações, diferentes localidades e períodos de tempo.
COMPARATIVO ENTRE PLATAFORMAS DE DESENVOLVIMENTO DE SISTEMAS MICROCONTROLADOS PARA APLICAÇÕES EM INTERNET DAS COISAS
Authors: Rios Artur de Almeida , de Andrade Darizon Alves , Gomes Luciano Coutinho , Avelar Henrique José , Fagundes Frederico Duarte
Published: April 2021

Seguindo as tendências da indústria 4.0, que está inserindo a Internet das Coisas (IoT - Internet of Things) em ambientes industriais, este trabalho se concentra em analisar três plataformas de desenvolvimento de sistemas microcontrolados para aplicações em IoT, são elas: ESP32, ESP8266 e MKR1000. Essas plataformas foram escolhidas por serem plataformas comerciais e possuírem um modulo WiFi integrado, pois um dos pontos do trabalho é salvar os dados coletados em nuvem. Foram realizadas comparações teóricas, entre as principais especificações das plataformas, e práticas como a velocidade de processamento, por meio de uma rotina de monitoramento e transmissão de um sinal analógico de temperatura, intensidade do sinal, consumo de energia e a verificação do uso de sensor hall interno do ESP32. As tabelas e figuras ao longo desse trabalho apresentam resultados que auxiliam na escolha da plataforma mais indicada para a aplicação em questão.
PROPOSTA DE EQUACIONAMENTO PARA CICLO ÚTIL EM REDES LORAWAN
Authors: DE ALMEIDA FABRÍCIO LUCAS , de Almeida Marcelo Barros , Pinheiro Alan Petrônio
Published: April 2021

Redes de comunicação IoT com distâncias maiores e longa duração da bateria tem se tornado cada vez mais necessárias. A tecnologia LoRaWAN é uma boa candidata para atender esses requisitos em diversos projetos, porém, os limites de uso do ciclo útil definidos pelas normas regionais e também o possível congestionamento no enlace de comunicação, são pontos cruciais para um adequado funcionamento dessa rede. Neste documento é apresentado o equacionamento para três estratégias de entrega de quadros na rede, obedecendo ciclos úteis com decaimento exponencial, linear e constante.
SISTEMA ELETRÔNICO PARA CONDICIONAMENTO DE SINAIS DE CÉLULAS DE CARGA
Authors: DIEGO LUIZ DE OLIVEIRA BATISTA DIEGO LUIZ DE OLIVEIRA BATISTA , Teodoro Ricardo Gouveia , Garcia Junior Aurasil Ferreira
Published: April 2021

Em medições de grandezas físicas é comum se utilizar transdutores e sensores, onde os sinais elétricos são direcionados para sistemas de aquisição de dados e posterior análise computacional. Mas para que o sinal analógico proveniente do transdutor seja corretamente enviado ao sistema de aquisição de dados, é necessário o esenvolvimento de um circuito para realizar a conexão entre o transdutor e o sistema em questão. Tal procedimento é conhecido como condicionamento de sinais. O presente trabalho apresenta um circuito para calibração e obtenção dos sinais de células de carga, sendo tais sinais direcionados para o sistema de aquisição de dados USB-6001 para posterior análise no software LabVIEW, ambos da National Instruments Corporation. O arranjo de circuito apresentado neste trabalho foi utilizado no processo de calibração e medição.
Censura de medios y supervivencia del régimen en Venezuela
Authors: Barba Prieto Marta
Published: April 2021

A través de políticas de control de medios, modificaciones en el marco legal, sanciones y detenciones a periodistas críticos, Nicolás Maduro, presidente de Venezuela, desde 2013, ha establecido en el país un régimen de censura, donde la libertad de prensa es prácticamente inexistente. Este trabajo evalúa la relevancia de la censura en la permanencia del régimen de Maduro: si es cada vez más fácil evadir las medidas de censura, ¿por qué el régimen sigue sobreviviendo? Se hallará que, aun existiendo numerosas políticas de restricción de información, estas no logran impedir la creación de espacios críticos. No obstante, la mera existencia de estos espacios, por sus propias limitaciones, no supondrá suficiente desafío para la permanencia del régimen. Las noticias falsas, los bots políticos o la corrupción en el país serán algunos de los factores que limitarán el mejor funcionamiento de estos espacios y que contribuirán a que el régimen siga sobreviviendo.
An Embodied Existence in Heaven and the Non-Cartesian Substance Dualism
Authors: Perez Alejandro
Published: April 2021

In this paper, I propose to imagine, through Non–Cartesian substance dualism (NCSD), how we could resurrect. Even though many objections have been addressed to the classic conception of eschatology since the beginning of the century of eschatology, I propose we have some reasons to think that a more corporeal conception of the eschaton is not only desirable but also metaphysically possible and compatible with biblical data. I shall explore what I call the Christ Body Argument, which invites us to reject, on the one hand, a disembodied existence in heaven, and on the other side to adopt a corporeal existence of Christ in heaven. A kind of Dualism, and more precisely, one possessing NCSD’s virtues, could play a role in exploring this new theological option. I expect to show that NCSD is a metaphysical option allowing us to understand better what we are. If we hope and believe in the resurrection of the dead, NCSD provides an interesting model to think about it.
TÜRKİYE’DE KENTSEL DÖNÜŞÜM UYGULAMALARI: ADIYAMAN ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: EVİN Hakan
Published: April 2021

Temelleri Sanayi Devrimi ve II. Dünya Savaşı sonrasında Avrupa’nın yeniden inşası, kentlerdeki çöküntü bölgelerinin ortadan kaldırılması için başlatılan çalışmalarla atılan kentsel dönüşüm uygulamaları, ülkemizde ilk olarak iç göçlerin bir sonucu olarak büyük kentlerde oluşan yasadışı konut bölgelerinin “gecekondu” alanlarının dönüşümü ile başlamıştır. Böylece başlangıçta ülkemizin belli başlı büyük kentlerinde başlayan kentsel dönüşüm uygulamaları 1990’lardan sonra Anadolu’nun tüm kentlerinde ranta dayalı gerçekleşen kentsel ve işlevsel dönüşümler kentsel dönüşümü yeni bir imar faaliyetine dönüştürmüştür. Ancak belirtmek gerekir ki kentsel dönüşüm yeni bir imar faaliyeti olmayıp mevcut yapı stokunun ve kentsel hafıza/kimliğin korunarak kentin çağdaş ihtiyaçlara uygun olarak dönüştürülerek canlandırılması ve iyileştirilmesidir. Buradan hareketle bu çalışmada öncelikle kentsel dönüşümün kavramsal temelleri ele alınmış, ardından Dünyada ve Türkiye’de kentsel dönüşüm süreci incelenmiştir. Çalışma, Güneydoğu Anadolu’nun önemli kentlerinden olan ve yapı stokunun %70’inden fazlasının kaçak/ruhsatsız olduğu Adıyaman ili örneğinde gerçekleşen konut odaklı kentsel dönüşüm sürecine ilişkin literatür taraması ile elde edilen verilerin genel bir değerlendirilmesi yapılarak, önerilerle sonlandırılmaktadır.
Novel use of FaceTime video calling in a deployed setting to assist with the care of a military working dog
Authors: Donham Benjamin , Wickett Megan Lee
Published: April 2021

In deployed settings, veterinary recourses are limited and nonveterinary medical providers frequently are required to provide medical treatment to military working dogs (MWDs) until veterinary specialty care can be provided. We present the case of a critically ill MWD who presented initially to a Canadian NATO Role II facility in Iraq that lacked immediate veterinary support. Through the use of FaceTime interactive video calling, the Role II medical providers were able to consult with the MWD unit’s veterinarian in the United States and provide effective evaluation, treatment and prioritization of medical evacuation (MEDEVAC). FaceTime video calling was extremely effective and should be considered in future situations where specialist care is not immediately available and transmission of visual information would be beneficial.
Festschrift in honour of Dr. Roger Keith
Authors: McAlister Vivian
Published: April 2021

The festschrift in honour of Dr. Roger Keith, past editor of the Canadian Journal of Surgery, includes essays (available at canjsurg.ca), written from a personal perspective, on the development of specialty surgery in Canada (Richard Nason, Michael Marcaccio, Michael Kelly and Lissa Peeling), evolution of the certification examination (Ward Davies), building of a megahospital (Gerald Fried) and on the changes in surgical education (Grant Miller, Anees Chagpar, Christopher DeGara, E. Christopher Ellison, Richard Prinz and William Pollett), as well as personal reflections (Andrew Warshaw, Stewart Hamilton).
Crystal structure of N′,N‴-((propane-2,2-diylbis(1H-pyrrole-5,2-diyl))bis(methaneylylidene))-di(isonicotinohydrazide)– water – dimethylformamide (1/4/2), C25H24N8O2·4H2O·2C3H7NO
Authors: Xiong Ying , An Ya
Published: April 2021

C31H46N10O8, monoclinic, P2/n (no. 13), a = 8.8207(6) Å, b = 9.7818(8) Å, c = 20.9498(17) Å, β = 97.259(3)°, V = 1793.1(2) Å3, Z = 2, R

gt
(F) = 0.0426, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.1269, T = 273 K.
Chromium oxide pigments
Authors: Pfaff Gerhard
Published: April 2021

The chromium(III) oxide pigments Cr2O3 (chromium oxide green) and CrOOH (chromium oxide hydrate green) are representatives of the inorganic green and blue–green pigments. Cr2O3 pigments are very important for the coloration of paints, coatings, plastics, building materials and other application systems. CrOOH pigments have lost their technical importance because of the low thermal stability. Chromium oxide green pigments are characterized by excellent application properties. They are synthesized starting from alkali dichromates or ammonium dichromate by reduction in liquid or solid phase.
Iron blue pigments
Authors: Pfaff Gerhard
Published: April 2021

Iron blue pigments are representatives of the inorganic blue pigments. They are characterized by a sufficient hue, high tinting strength, and suitable rheological properties. Iron blue pigments are subdivided into “soluble iron blue” and “insoluble iron blue”. Both pigments are synthesized using precipitation techniques. Iron blue pigments are mainly used in printing applications. Special uses of the pigments are agriculture and medicine.
Oxonitride pigments
Authors: Pfaff Gerhard
Published: April 2021

Oxonitride pigments belong to the inorganic yellow, orange and red colorants. They were developed to complement the yellow, orange and red color range. Oxonitride compositions that are interesting for pigment uses crystallize in perovskite, chalcolamprite and spinel structures. The most suitable compositions for pigment purposes are most probably LaTaON2 and CaTaO2N. The synthesis of oxonitride pigments is technically difficult and takes place using a solid state-gas reaction. The pigments are characterized by excellent optical and application characteristics in particular regarding brilliance and color strength, strong hiding power, good dispersibility, light fastness and temperature stability.
Phthisis is your life: a historical paper for consumptives
Authors: Truscott Deborah
Published: April 2021

The central questions to be addressed by this paper concern the factors responsible for the continued presence of tuberculosis in cities: What are the socio-economic mechanisms that allow some populations to continue to harbour the mycobacterium? The historical literature provides information about conditions that tend to reoccur from one century to the next: TB has been harboured in marginal populations, that were poor, lived in crowded cities, and were burdened by other parasites and psycho-social stress. Our cultural knowledge of TB over the centuries, however, has not been cumulative. Death, chronic illness, deviance, and poverty are the value·laden emotional issues which are marginalized along with the individuals that they affect.Understanding TB as a 'disease' requires an acknowledgement that 'disease' is a concept that involves more than the presence and action of biological agents of infection; it also involves social and cultural responses to, and interpretations of, that contamination and its effects on the individual.
Disease and Demography in the Americas: The Subject as Seen through the Book
Authors: Denning Kathryn E.L..
Published: April 2021

The impact of European contact on Native American health and demography is now perhaps a more popular subject than ever before. An examination of the recent compilation, Disease and Demography in the Americas, reveals some of the shortcomings of research in this field, including ineffective borrowing of methodology and data. In the study of Native American health and depopulation, an excessive emphasis on being scientific - in particular on quantification and narrowly defined research problems - is reflected in a disregard for the larger sociopolitical and historical contexts of the phenomena under consideration, and of the research itself. This disregard both compromises and impoverishes the study of contact in the Americas.
The Epidemiology of HIV/AIDS in Aboriginal Communities: An Anthropological Perspective
Authors: Maar Marion
Published: April 2021

Historically, Aboriginal people have been dramatically affected by epidemics of infectious disease. Today, levels of morbidity and mortality from such illnesses are much higher than in the broader Canadian population. This paper presents an anthropological investigation into the factors which put Aboriginal people and their communities at risk for the AIDS epidemic, and explores some of the many approaches Aboriginal people have chosen to respond to this crisis.
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: An Investigation into Possible Causes and Understandings of the Illness
Authors: Finnis Elizabeth
Published: April 2021

There has been increasing interest in many fields in examining the effects of social pressures and the lifestyles of individuals on health and illness. Relating such factors to syndromes and other illnesses is an important aspect to understanding the origins of many current problems, including chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS). However, many individuals, both health professionals and lay people, do not appear to put much consideration into psychosocial factors in disease origins. This may be related to the biomedical health model which is prevalent in Western cultures. The biomedical model is known for a number of assumptions, including the Cartesian dualism which places the mind apart from the body (Scheper-Hughes and Lock 1987:6). By persisting in understanding CFS in terms of such a model, certain social advantages to the sufferers can be conferred, including societal acceptance and understanding. Unfortunately, it appears that by ignoring the social factors, such as the many lifestyle similarities of many patients of CFS, crucial considerations are overlooked. This may then prevent adequate understandings of the syndrome.
Contesting Knowledges: Formulating (Hetero)Sexual Bodies in the Terri-Jean Bedford Decision*
Authors: Ordóñez Maria-Belén
Published: April 2021

This paper is part of a larger ethnographic project on citizenship and sexuality. More specifically, I demonstrate how the law ambivalently constructs sadomasochism as a sexual practice. I explore this ambivalent relationship through the disjunctions of legal discourse and how particular bodies are socially constructed through two court rulings in the Terri-Jean Bedford case. Terri-Jean Bedford is a dominatrix who was charged and convicted for keeping a common bawdy house in Thornhill Oust outside of Toronto) in October 1998. My analysis concentrates on how these rulings culturally construct knowledge about "other" sexual bodies so that eroticism is rigidly and uncritically understood in (hetero)sexual terms. I demonstrate how the rulings consistently return to a particular version of what "sexuality" means. Knowledge is never produced so simply, hence, Terri-Jean Bedford's complicity and participation in producing meaning(s) is included. In addition to the court rulings, there are short excerpts from Bedford's unpublished manuscript which explore the complexity of how knowledge is produced. Although there is a hegemonic Truth that resonates in legal discourse, I also include subjugated voices that contribute to their own subjugation. Thus, contested knowledges resonate in the place of a final "ruling" or politics.
The Pleistocene Peopling of Greater Australia: A Re-examination
Authors: Zazula Grant D.
Published: April 2021

The problem concerning the initial Pleistocene peopling of Australasia is reviewed in light of recent findings that suggest this settlement may be earlier than the conventional view of 35,000 to 40,000 BP. Methods including anthropogenically interpreted paleoecological changes and the application of luminescence dating techniques clearly suggest people settled this continent earlier than the applicable limits of conventional radiocarbon analysis. Early luminescence ages at the Ngarrabullgan Cave (David et al. 1997), Malakunanja II (Roberts et al. 1994), Nauwalabila I (Roberts et al. 1994), and Jinmium (Fullagar et al. 1996) clearly indicate that the initial phase of Australian prehistory must be re-examined and radiocarbon ages may no longer be an applicable methodology utilized to obtain ages for the initial settlement of Australia.
The Syphilis and HIV Connection: A Model in defense of an Anthropology of Sexually Transmitted Infections
Authors: Joss Jennifer L. , Pearcey Heather L. , Postnikoff Tara V.
Published: April 2021

This paper was initiated as an effort to improve our understanding of health-seeking behaviour in individuals with sexually transmitted infections. It quickly became apparent that the social, cultural, economic, biological and political issues that influence health-seeking behaviour in individuals with sexually transmitted infections greatly differed from those who have or had other diseases. Through a critique of the most current model describing sexually transmitted infection health-seeking behaviour developed by Aral and Wasserheit (1999), this paper presents a focused argument for an anthropology of sexually transmitted infections. The Aral and Wasserheit (1999) model fails to significantly describe the health-seeking behaviour of individuals infected with more than one sexually transmitted infection simultaneously. By examining aspects of pathocenosis and epidemiological synergy, it was found that the complex interactions between syphilis and HIV/AIDS changes the way we should study health-seeking behaviour for individuals with sexually transmitted infections in general. Therefore, while examining the syphilis/HIV paradigm, it became clear that an anthropology of sexually transmitted infections is in fact necessary.
The Invisible Rendered Visible: The Art of Seeing Through the Shaman's Eye
Authors: Briggs Joanne P.
Published: April 2021

Prevailing Western world view continues to interpret traditional Native North American shamanic art as simple, static artifacts disembodied from their natural cultural context and steeped in the concepts or permanence and display. This paper submits that a more accurate and delimiting view may reflect that the shamanic complex produced living and ephemeral art forms formulated as visible embodiments or individual spiritual experience. Traditional shamanistic art dynamically articulated and codified the underpinnings of the shaman's world view. Visual metaphors and symbolism within the design structure acted as metaphysical templates and cognitive maps to encode, embody and express the complex dimensions and interrelationships which ordered and defined the shaman's role as a religious specialist within the natural and supernatural worlds.
Mortality in Traditional Hunter-Gatherer, Pastoralist and Agriculturalist Communities: The Validity of Longevity Studies Based on Mobility and Subsistence Strategies
Authors: Hewitt Barbara R.
Published: April 2021

This paper will address the observable discrepancies in the mortality of populations who use differing subsistence strategies, and determine if subsistence patterns and/or mobility are reliable variables to consider in longevity and morality studies. Through an analysis of the data presented by a number of different authors on average life expectancy of highly mobile hunter-gatherer groups, semi-nomadic pastoralists and horticulturalists, and sedentary agriculturalists, a comparison of life spans across subsistence and mobility patterns should be possible. The soundness of studies based on these variables will be assessed, as will comparability or such studies.
The Influence of the German Idealist Tradition Upon Weberian Thought
Authors: Herman Nancy
Published: April 2021

Max Weber was one of the prominant social figures in this history of the social sciences for he made significant contributions to the development of anthropology, sociology and social theory as a whole. Weber's aim was explicit: he wanted to develop a 'scientific study of man and society:' he sought not only to delineate the scope of the discipline but also wanted to construct a clear-cut methodology whereby data could be rigorously studied in accordance with the testable procedures of science. This paper discusses the influence of the German idealist tradition upon Max Weber. Specifically, this study critically examines Weberion thought in terms of illustrating how he combined the Germanic emphasis on the search for subjective meanings with the positivist notion of scientific rigor, and in so doing was able to bridge the. dichotomy between the idealist and positivist traditions.
The Dancing Body: Hopping Anyone?'
Authors: Kelly Evadne
Published: April 2021

How can the body which is constantly changing inspire understanding about life and about knowledge? I am inspired by memories of seeing and participating in dance that felt inclusive. These memories remind me that dance can be a gift, to both the participant and the observer, of a sense of freedom, agency and collective. The left wing modern dance movement in New York, toyi-toyi from the South African anti-apartheid movement, and radical cheerleading at a protest of the Free Trade Area of the Americas are all examples of this. I want to draw from this understanding of dance in order to allow for feelings of abundance, empowerment and agency in my writing about the dancing body and hope. I am filled with a sense of the possibilities for history and memory in subverting hegemony through the dancing body. I can see how history or memory also embodies the on-going creation of the landscapes of the present. It is not just the constructed narratives that those with the power to do so produce about themselves and others' pasts. I want to bring some of life's patchiness into my own attempt to tell a story based on a different writing structure so that I might play with structure in a way that breaks with modern ideas of progress and knowledge production. The story itself has something to do with the body, memory and dance. Part of my goal is to adopt a writing style that mimics this story.
Discussion of screen size and resource depression: Using an examination of Faleloa, Tonga
Authors: Densmore Nadia
Published: April 2021

Resource depression has become prominent in the study of faunal material from the archaeological record in recent years. One of the chief concerns in these studies is the difference in amount of material between that has been collected, versus that which has been lost during the excavation process. This paper addresses some of the theoretical and methodological issues of resource depression as well as the use of screen size in zooarchaeological studies. The fish material collected from unit 16 of the site of Faleloa, Tonga is analysed through three different mesh sizes, to address the importance of the 1/8” and 1/16” screen sizes.
“Matters” of Importance: Contaminated Materiality in the Aftermath of the Fukushima Disaster
Authors: Polleri Maxime
Published: April 2021

Contamination has been viewed as a form of invasion—an intrusion perpetrated by a group, a pernicious substance, or an unwanted agent. It is ‘the Other’ that has fascinated anthropologists for so long. We often assume that our current theory of knowledge about contamination is justified—although this current understanding fails to take into account the agency of contaminants themselves. Ideas about contamination throughout history have helped to fashion a particular dichotomy—a dualism where infection contrasts against wellbeing, where purity confronts impurity, and where ‘pristine’ nature opposes toxic landscapes. However, this binary understanding is often a double bind that does not reflect all of the nuances involved in contemporary problems, such as ecological disasters. For this reason, anthropologists have a lot to gain by focusing on matter – that is – to envision the agency of given materialities as a complementary topic to the analytical processes surrounding contamination. For instance, what actually happens if we consider that contamination “refuses” to recognize our political, social, and cultural boundaries? This article attempts to reconceive the notion of contamination by targeting the materiality of contaminants, particularly nuclear radioactivity in relation to the Fukushima nuclear disaster in Japan, in order to theorize a hybridized (i.e., non-binary) understanding of contamination—an understanding that better reflects the ways in which societies, governments, and individuals think about and interact with matter.
Dmanisi hominin fossils and the problem of the multiple species in the early Homo genus
Authors: Guimarães Santiago Wolnei Ferreira , Merino Carlos Lorenzo
Published: April 2021

The D4500 (Skull 5), dated 1.8 Mya., is the most complete fossil within the set of five skulls found in Dmanisi, Georgia, as well as any other fossils associated to contexts of occupation of the early Pleistocene. Its discovery has brought forward the debate of the plurality of species, not just at the beginning of the Homo genus, but for much of its evolution.  The Skull 5 fossil presents a mixure of primitive and derivates characters associated to the Homo erectus and Homo habilis sensu lato. Based on the data referring to the five skulls researchers have considered the hypothesis of a single evolving lineage of early Homo as a mode to explain the great variation range of the Dmanisi fossils, similar to the range found in habilines. In other words, it is an explanation that reiterates the existence of only one unique species in the early of the Homo genus: the Homo erectus in a sensu lato. Our work consists of evaluating such supposition through the calculation of the coefficient of variation, which was estimated from the referred set and compared to those from already known species. Results achieved did not support the thinking that one unique species was able to bear all fossils of the early of Homo genus.
Seeing/Being Orange: Perceptions and the Politics of Religion in County Armagh, Northern Ireland
Authors: LeVon Laura
Published: April 2021

We each of us focus on our own perceptions (anthropologists included) and often remain ignorant of the affect inherent in others’ perceptions. In Northern Ireland, perceptions are often shaped by shared memories and histories of violence, as well as by shared concepts of ancestry and homeland—but these perceptions are shaped on either side of the bicommunal divide between the two majority communities, Catholic-Irish-Nationalists and Protestant-British-Unionists. In this article, I draw on my early experiences collecting data in County Armagh at the Orange Order’s July Twelfth parades to analyze the interplay between such perceptions of politics and religion. Framing my preliminary data through Veena Das’s (2007) study of how violence influences daily life and Anthony Smith’s (2009) arguments on the role of ethno-symbolism in nationalism, I reveal how the continued every-day divide between Northern Ireland’s two largest communities shapes not only how members of the Protestant community who support the Orange Order “be” in everyday life and during the rituals of the Twelfth, but also how others “see” them. For while being is ordinary-- whether cultural and/or religious-- seeing is risky, controversial, and threatening. Through this distinction, we understand that the political possibilities of violence are still a part of everyday religious life in Northern Ireland.
From common object to memory-object: the indiscernibility of Rapa Nui's historical archaeological heritage
Authors: Rivera Francisco
Published: April 2021

In this article I propose the indiscernible objects experiment of Arthur Danto as analogy to discuss on the nature of the industrial archaeological remains. The interdisciplinary research conducted at the Fundo Vaitea, in Rapa Nui (Eastern Island), is presented as an excellent example for the kind of analysis that I propose here. Conceptually considering archaeological remains of this site as material culture theoretically similar to works of art, I discussed issues concerning the distinction, interpretation and transformation of common objects in archaeological vestiges, proposing to understand these as memory-objects. From this aesthetic dimension I propose another standpoint of the problem associated with the study and heritage policies of the recent past materiality, taking as well into account social practices and the particularities of archaeological time involved in this process.
A Case for Reversing Language Shift on the Atlantic Coast of Nicaragua
Authors: Tasker-Mueller Barbara Jean
Published: April 2021

I examine the work being done by the Linguistic Research and Revitalization Institute (IPILC) at the University of the Autonomous Regions of the Caribbean Coast of Nicaragua (URACCAN) and the dilemmas faced in claiming and implementing the linguistic rights that were granted under the 1987 Law of Autonomy for the Caribbean Coast Regions. The problems I discuss in this case are not unique to Nicaragua’s Creoles, nor to Black diaspora cultures, they are merely part of larger issues which affect all minoritized groups who seek to assert the legitimacy of their languages and cultures within hegemonic discourses around cultural difference.
Social Stratification and the Distribution of Capital in Kerala, India: Applying Bourdieu to the Centre for Research and Education for Social Transformation
Authors: Tait Sam Ira
Published: April 2021

Long heralded as an oasis of caste ­consciousness and political mobilization against the formalized caste system in India (Devika, 2010; Steur, 2009), in truth, structural inequality arranged across caste lines persists in the state of Kerala (Mosse, 2010; Nampoothiri, 2009; Isac, 2011). In Kerala, and in India more broadly, inequality is maintained through social categorization; social networks emerging from and mirroring the divisions between castes impart dis/advantages to their members. In the midst of India’s economic liberalization, neoliberal trends including the privatization of education have ossified structures of access to higher education and, as such, competitive employment opportunities (Nampoothiri, 2009). Members of the dominant or ‘upper’ castes continue to be awarded disproportionate access to that which their society values and the tools necessary to succeed while Scheduled Caste (SC) and Scheduled Tribe (ST) communities operate at a structural disadvantage. This systemic unequal access is precisely what the Centre for Research and Education for Social Transformation (CREST) - an autonomous institution that seeks to enhance the employability of ST, SC and other eligible communities in Kerala - aims to address. I situate the ethnographic fieldwork I conducted at CREST within the theoretical framework outlined in Bourdieu’s (1986) seminal work The Forms of Capital. This approach elucidates the mechanisms through which CREST prepares ST, SC and other eligible communities’ graduates to succeed in contemporary Kerala’s competitive job market. I demonstrate how CREST facilitates the cultivation, adoption and transmission of cultural and social capital among its students and their communities, effectively increasing their capacity for socio-economic mobility. Furthermore, I discuss the potential of CREST to encourage its students’ development of critical perspectives on caste-disparity in their home state.
Introduction: Infectious Diseases as Agents of Change
Authors: Lockau Laura
Published: April 2021

This introduction outlines the focus of this special issue of NEXUS on the anthropology of infectious disease, and details the themes explored by each author.
PhillIs Beach: An Artifact Analysis and Comparative Study
Authors: Bishop Jennifer
Published: April 2021

This paper reports the revival of a hundred year old site collection and the re-analysis of its contents. The main objectives of the study are to provide an illustration and description of the artifacts. Comparisons to other Maritime province shell midden assemblages are made in order to update the archaeological interpretation of the site. Phil's Beach is found to reflect cultural continuity as expressed in Northeastern, Atlantic coast, midden complexes. Two occupations, one dating about 2000 BP and the other about 900 BP are suggested for Phil's Beach. The conclusions reaffirm that valuable information such as temporal association, can be gleaned from the re-analysis of existing collections
Anthropological Implications of Kuru
Authors: Crerar Jackie
Published: April 2021

This paper examines the etiology and epidemiology of the microorganism 'slow' or 'unconventional' virus. The hypothesis outlined suggests that four previously unrelated disease processes (Kuru-New Guinea; Creutzfeld-Jacob Disease-Europe; Alzheimer's-North America and a 'New Entity'-Japan) may be manifestations of the same organism spreading globally, or, that the virus involved in each case is of the same familial group. It is further hypothesized that the primary differences between these diseases are dose/inoculation related. The consequences of this incurable virus infection are discussed, and suggestions are made with respect to prevention of the infection.
Stylized Protest: Rastafarian Symbols of Identification
Authors: Jiwani Yasmin
Published: April 2021

This paper examines some of the symbols of identification used by the Rastafarians. The paper provides some historical background dealing with the emergence of the Rastafarian movement and in particular, the emergence of various symbols of identification. The meaning and representation of these symbols is discussed in light of the movement's political and religious beliefs. Within the framework of current anthropological thought regarding symbolism, the paper analyzes Rastafarian symbols of identification in terms of their representation of the polarities of nature versus culture and pure versus profane.
Sign Language Research and Linguistic Theory
Authors: Evans Greg
Published: April 2021

Linguistic theory has traditionally defined language in terms of speech and has, as a result, labelled sign languages as non-linguistic systems. Recent advances in sign language linguistic research, however, indicate that modern linguistic theory must include sign language research and theory. This paper examines the historical bias linguistic theory has maintained towards sign languages and refutes the classification of sign languages as contrived artificial systems by surveying current linguistic research into American Sign Language. The growing body of American Sign Language research demonstrates that a signed language can have all the structural levels of spoken language despite its visual-spatial mode. This research also indicates that signed languages are an important source of linguistic data that can help further develop a cognitive linguistic theory.
Down the Stream or Up the Creek? The Economic Geography of a Dendritic Tributary/Exchange System in Micronesia
Authors: Black David W.
Published: April 2021

Several political, social and ecological explanations of the "Yapese Empire", a tributary/exchange system which existed in the western Caroline Islands of Micronesia, have been presented in the anthropological literature. This paper briefly reviews these explanations, and offers an alternative, but largely complementary, view of the tributary/exchange system as a dendritic central-place system. This model serves as a heuristic device from which a synthetic understanding of the evolution and operation of the system can be developed.
Explaining the Evolution of Regional Centralization in the Hawaiian Chiefdom: A Systems Approach
Authors: Arbuthnot Nancy
Published: April 2021

An explanation of the evolution of regional centralization in Hawaiian chiefdoms, is offered based on the systems approach of Blanton, Kowaleski, Feinman and Appel (1981, 1982). Their approach focuses on certain "core features" of cultural evolution -- namely complexity, integration, and scale. Changes in these three variables are seen as the result of the particular strategies that individuals adopt for coping with new or extreme situations or for achieving specific personal goals. The paper, therefore, begins with an examination of the changes in complexity, integration, and scale between early Hawaiian society, as represented by the proto-Polynesian society reconstructed by Kirch (1984), and historic Hawaiian society. These changes are then related to possible strategies both for coping with the challenges of initial colonization and for maximizing personal prestige and power within the chiefly hierarchy. Finally, the types of archaeological evidence that are available or are needed to support such an explanation are considered.
Andrew Lang: Master of Fairyland
Authors: Black David
Published: April 2021

Andrew Lang, 19th century British anthropologist and editor of folk tales for children, represents a unique synthesis of culture and personality. A proponent of cultural evolutionism, Lang believed that prehistoric and contemporary "uncultivated" peoples inhabit an enchanted mental universe. This same pre-logical thinking, however, is expressed in Lang's own methodology, and later, when evolutionary theory had become disreputable, in Lang's Colour Fairy Books. This irony's likelihood is enhanced by his extreme bibliophilia and the delicate moral temper of his times. Both suggest a peculiar sensibility. A spectacular writing style and his popularizing efforts mark Lang's contribution to the field.
DECONSTRUCTING CRITICAL ANTHROPOLOGY: Transcendence and Subversion in Anthropology and Elsewhere
Authors: Dalton Doug
Published: April 2021

In a review of Critical Anthropology, this paper argues that Critical Anthropology misinterprets 'deconstruction' because it continually aims to transcend Western metaphysical categories. Drawing on my fieldwork experience in Papua New Guinea, I propose instead a self-deconstructing ethnography that locates itself in inescapable interpretive paradoxes by considering the postmodern 'withdrawal of reality' through an examination of the difference between both our own and others' ideal concepts, and the historical enactment of those concepts, and how these ideals are subverted through the inimical historical interaction between Western and non-Western 'other' cultures.
Practice as Presence: Reading Bourdieu Against the Grain
Authors: Cadieux Ron
Published: April 2021

This paper presents a critique of Pierre Bourdieu's Outline of a Theory of Practice (1986) using some of the deconstructive strategies associated with the work of Jacques Derrida. It is argued that the derivative nature of theoretical accounts of practice extends to all manifestations of social action. Bourdieu cannot provide an account of the subject's reflection upon his activity without slipping into the language of the rule. The habitus, as a symbolic construct, extends the domain of signification infinitely: there is no strategy or improvisation which is not inscribed in this play of representations. As such, practice can never serve as a ground for discourse.
Life Histories: The Negotiation of Self
Authors: Logotheti Rula
Published: April 2021

This paper is about life histories and their significance for understanding how experience is interpreted, incorporated and integrated into our identities. Using three autobiographies and one autobiographical novel, I argue that there is an equivalence relation between 'I' and 'me', conscious and unconscious, and present and past. The life history genre as considered as an anthropological methodology is shown to also have non-anthropological benefits. Life histories are hermeneutical devices for the individuals who create them, and for those who read them. It is suggested that the benefits realized for individuals may be generalized to communities.
"Travelling Theory and the Politics of Representation"
Authors: Laurie Peter
Published: April 2021

Most attempts to analyze the social logic of tourism tend to focus on the relationship between tourism and modernization. This typically involves one of two alternative approaches. For political economists and some cultural theorists, tourism is seen as a modernizing force in a global process of political economic expansion and cultural homogenization. Others have used tourism as a trope for modernity itself.
Liberation Theology From a Marxian Perspective
Authors: Kruk Margaret
Published: April 2021

Marx denounced religion in general, and the nineteenth century Christian Socialist movement in Europe in particular, as oppressive forces which can never authentically take the side of the poor in transforming an unjust society. I compare the development of the Christian social movement in Europe to the development of Liberation Theology in Central America to establish whether Marx's criticism of religion applies to the latter. I find Liberation Theology to be markedly different from Christian Socialism in its approach and aims. The authenticity of its commitment to the poor defies Marx's analysis of religion and places Liberation Theology alongside his own efforts to liberate the oppressed.
"WEAVING IS REASON": A Critical Reading of Amitav Ghosh
Authors: Mathur Saloni
Published: April 2021

In anthropology today there exists a considerable anxiety over the problem of representation. How can we understand when 'knowledge is power' without upsetting, or appropriating the selflother balance? In an effort to deal with this anthropological dilemma, writing 'about writing' has become a focal point of attention for authors like James Clifford, George Marcus, Vincent Crapanzano, Nancy Schmidt and Clifford Geertz, to name only a few. Bruce Kapferer has identified the concern over this issue as a "rapidly developing dominant anthropological genre" (1989:77). Elsewhere, the issue has been described as the "new anthropology" (see Clifford and Marcus 1986), or "the spirit of post-modernism" in a post-colonial ethos (Said 1989:222). In the context of this largely Euro-American current of discourse appears Amitav Ghosh: a little known Indian anthropologist and novelist in Delhi. The subject of this paper is an examination of Ghosh and his recent work, The Circle of Reason (1986), in relation to a backdrop of contemporary anthropological theory.