bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Probiotic mitigates the toxic effects of potassium dichromate in a preclinical study: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Younan Soraia , Sakita Gabriel Zanuto , Coluna João Gabriel Younan , Rufino Marcos Natal , Keller Rogéria , Bremer‐Neto Hermann
Published: May 2018

BACKGROUND

The present study aimed to evaluate the nutritional, physiological and biochemical effects of dietary supplementation of an association of probiotic bacteria in rats intoxicated with chromium (VI). Ninety‐six male rats, recently weaned, were randomly divided into eight groups (n = 12): Control, DK12, DK24 and DK36 (0, 0.12, 0.24 and 0.36 g kg−1 of K2Cr2O7 incorporated in the basal feed, respectively) and groups Prob, DK12 + Prob, DK24 + Prob and DK36 + Prob received a progressive dose of 0, 0.12, 0.24 and 0.36 g kg−1 of K2Cr2O7 incorporated in the basal feed and supplemented with 0.02 g kg−1 of an association of probiotic bacteria (Lactobacillus acidophilus, Enterococcus faecium, Bifidobacterium thermophilum and Bifidobacterium longum).

RESULTS

After 90 days, we observed significant (P < 0.05) and dose‐dependent alterations from incorporation of increasing doses of chromium (VI) related to nutritional, physiological and biochemical parameters. These changes were attenuated (P < 0.05) with probiotic supplementation.

CONCLUSION

Supplementation with probiotics in the diet beneficially modified the nutritional and physiological parameters, as well as hepatic, renal, glycemic and lipid profiles, of animals intoxicated with increasing doses of K2Cr2O7. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
High Power, High Speed, High Quality
Authors: Fetzer Florian , Hagenlocher Christian , Weber Rudolf
Published: May 2018

At the Institut für Strahlwerkzeuge (IFSW), laser beam welding of aluminum sheets with a laser power of 16 kW and feed rates up to 50 m/min was investigated. The resultant weld seams were virtually free of processing pores and fluctuations of the penetration depth. Welding at very high feed rates reduced centerline cracking in close edge positions and increased the process efficiency. Humping could be prevented by welding with a large beam diameter of the processing spot of 630 μm. The quality of the welds was correlated to a stabilization of the vapor capillary by online X‐ray videography.
Tomorrow's Advanced Technology for Laser Welding – Today
Authors: Dupriez Nataliya Deyneka
Published: May 2018

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) becomes a widely accepted technique for precise and consistent seam‐guided laser welding. Being advantageous due to its operation principle, OCT has gained a role of innovative seam tracking technology for highly productive, cost‐effective laser processing. The industrial tests deliver satisfactory results. Either remote laser welding of body‐in‐white or gap bridging, OCT is an unbeatable technique for the laser welding applications with extended tracking limits.
Laser Technology for Tool Production
Authors: Hoffmann Peter , Dierken Roland
Published: May 2018

In the course of the last twenty years, laser treatment of tools and dies has been transferred from a fundamental research work into an established technology of the modern manufacturing process. In the beginning, the focus was put on laser beam hardening. Nowadays, laser beam cladding is also increasingly accepted for repair and modification of tools or even completely new tool design. In principle, both technologies, hardening and cladding, can be performed with a single machine, simply by adapting laser parameters and auxiliary equipment like a powder feeding device.
The Worldwide Market for Lasers
Authors: Pozo Jose
Published: May 2018

Over the last thirty years, new developments in laser systems have impacted strongly on every single aspect in the manufacturing of devices and products that are currently available on the market, for example, novel femtosecond laser solutions allow materials processing of practically any material with extremely high precision and minimal collateral damage (for example, the femtosecond lasers by EXPLA as the one depicted in Fig. 2). Lasers are used in the manufacturing of cars, PCs, and displays as well as in marking steel and in the creation of logos, and in lithography, lasers have been the key enabler of wafer‐level manufacturing, even in the case of hard substrates such as sapphire, with the workstations provided by Elas (Fig. 3).
Power Packs
Authors: Molitor Thomas
Published: May 2018

Today, modern industry lasers are found in many fields of use, from automotive and heavy industry to tool making. As to the type of laser that applicants may opt for is mostly determined by factors such as output power, beam quality, investments, and operating costs. However, depending on the individual process requirements, these are by no means the only criteria for choosing an industry laser system.
Full Nutrition or Not?
Authors: Stuever Mary F. , Kidner Ryan F. , Chae Floria E. , Evans David C.
Published: May 2018

Enteral nutrition (EN) is widely used in intensive care units around the world, but the optimal dosing strategy during the first week of critical illness is still controversial. Numerous studies in the past decade have provided conflicting recommendations regarding the roles of trophic and permissive/intentional underfeeding strategies. Further complicating effective medical decision making is the widespread, yet unintentional and persistent underdelivery of prescribed energy and protein, in addition to the trend for recommending ever‐higher amounts of protein delivery. We postulate that the key to appropriate enteral strategy lies within an accurate and patient‐specific assessment. Patients with a baseline high nutrition risk and those with increased nutrition demands, such as those with wounds, surgery, or burns, likely require full nutrition support, in contrast with medical patients, such as those with acute respiratory distress syndrome, who may selectively be appropriate for trophic strategies. In this analysis, we review several key trials for and against full EN in the first week of critical illness, as well as key issues such as the role of autophagy and immunonutrition in enteral dose selection.
Immunonutrition in Critical Illness: What Is the Role?
Authors: McCarthy Mary S. , Martindale Robert G.
Published: May 2018

Acute illness–associated malnutrition leads to muscle wasting, delayed wound healing, failure to wean from ventilator support, and possibly higher rates of infection and longer hospital stays unless appropriate metabolic support is provided in the form of nutrition therapy. Agreement is still lacking about the value of individual immune‐modulating substrates for specific patient populations. However, it has long been agreed that there are 3 primary targets for these substrates: 1) mucosal barrier function, 2) cellular defense function, and 3) local and systemic inflammation. These targets guide the multitude of interventions necessary to stabilize and treat the hypercatabolic intensive care unit patient, including specialized nutrition therapy. The paradigm shift that occurred 30 years ago created a unique role for nutrition as an agent to support host defense mechanisms and prevent infectious complications in the critically ill patient. This overview of immunonutrition will discuss the evidence for its role in critical illness today.
Cut costs in half: Drive enrollment by integrating CRM with Facebook, Google
Authors: Sutton Halley
Published: May 2018

PHOENIX — Looking outside the box for ideas and solutions to transform your institution's marketing can mean the difference between enrollment growth and stagnation. But how can your institution translate the strategies that work so well for retail marketing, to fit the needs of your prospective students? Integrating your customer relationship management software with your Facebook and Google advertising does exactly that, according to Elisa Crossland, executive director of university relations for the University of Houston‐Downtown. This integration enables you to get twice the advertising for the same amount you're already spending, Crossland said.
Effects of polystyrene‐b‐poly(ethylene/propylene)‐b‐polystyrene compatibilizer on the recycled polypropylene and recycled high‐impact polystyrene blends
Authors: Kong Yufei , Li Yingchun , Hu Guosheng , Cao Nuo , Ling Youquan , Pan Duo , Shao Qian , Guo Zhanhu
Published: May 2018

The recycled polypropylene/recycled high‐impact polystyrene (R‐PP/R‐HIPS) blends were melt extruded by twin‐screw extruder and produced by injection molding machine. The effects of polystyrene‐b‐poly(ethylene/propylene)‐b‐polystyrene copolymer (SEPS) used as compatibilizer on the mechanical properties, morphology, melt flow index, equilibrium torque, and glass transition temperature (Tg) of the blends were investigated. It was found that the notch impact strength and the elongation at break of the R‐PP/R‐HIPS blends with the addition of 10 wt% SEPS were 6.46 kJ/m2 and 31.96%, which were significantly improved by 162.46% and 57.06%, respectively, than that of the uncompatibilized blends. Moreover, the addition of SEPS had a negligible effect on the tensile strength of the R‐PP/R‐HIPS blends. Additionally, the morphology of the blends demonstrated improved distribution and decreased size of the dispersed R‐HIPS phase with increasing the SEPS content. The increase of the melt flow index and the equilibrium torque indicated that the viscosity of the blends increased when the SEPS was incorporated into the R‐PP/R‐HIPS blends. The dynamic mechanical properties test showed that when the content of SEPS was 10 wt%, the difference of Tg decreased from 91.72°C to 81.51°C. The results obtained by differential scanning calorimetry were similar to those measured by dynamic mechanical properties, indicating an improved compatibility of the blends with the addition of SEPS.
Rabies may mimic acute psychiatric illness: clinical suspicion is the key
Authors: Holikatti Prabhakar C , Kar Nilamadhab
Published: May 2018

Rabies is still common in many parts of the world, including India. It is diagnosed primarily on the basis of clinical symptoms and signs; and the diagnosis is easily considered with a corroborative history of animal bite. However, its presentation may mimic acute psychiatric illness, which may delay the diagnosis. We present here a case where the diagnosis of rabies was overshadowed by possibilities of complicated alcohol withdrawal symptoms and highlight the need to ask for history of animal bite in acute psychiatric presentations, especially in countries where rabies is still common.
Tannic acid: A sustainable crosslinking agent for high glass transition epoxy materials
Authors: Korey Matthew , Mendis Gamini P. , Youngblood Jeffrey P. , Howarter John A.
Published: May 2018

Epoxy thermosets have revolutionized the coating, adhesive, and composite industries but the chemicals from which they are synthesized have significant effects on the environment and human health not only precure but also after crosslinking has occurred. In this study, we propose tannic acid (TA) as an alternative epoxy hardening agent for commercially available epoxy resin, the diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA). The resulting thermosets were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, optical microscopy, dynamic mechanical analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, compression testing, and thermogravimetric analysis. The results from this study showed that at temperatures above 100 °C, the compatibility of TA in DGEBA was significantly increased for loading levels up to 37% weight of TA in DGEBA, something that has not been seen before in literature. It was also discovered that at high loading levels, the resulting materials had glass transition temperatures at and above 200 °C. The resulting material was proposed as a more sustainable alternative to amine or acid hardened epoxy thermosets and was particularly useful in high‐temperature applications. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2018, 56, 1468–1480
Mineralocorticoid receptor signaling affects therapeutic effect of enzalutamide
Authors: Shiota Masaki , Fujimoto Naohiro , Higashijima Katuyoshi , Imada Kenjiro , Kashiwagi Eiji , Takeuchi Ario , Inokuchi Junichi , Tatsugami Katsunori , Kajioka Shunichi , Uchiumi Takeshi , Eto Masatoshi
Published: May 2018

Background

Corticosteroids play important roles in prostate cancer therapeutics. However, their role when combined with enzalutamide remains obscure. Then, we aimed to elucidate the functional and clinical impact of corticosteroids on steroid receptors in androgen receptor (AR)‐targeting therapy utilizing enzalutamide.

Methods

The therapeutic effect was studied according to concomitant use of corticosteroids in 86 men treated with enzalutamide. The sensitivity to various agents was evaluated using cytotoxicity assays in prostate cancer cells. Gene expression levels were evaluated by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction in prostate cancer cells and tissues.

Results

The therapeutic effect of enzalutamide was particularly lessened with concomitant treatment with dexamethasone. Consistently, dexamethasone increased cellular resistance to enzalutamide while prednisolone and aldosterone decreased cellular resistance to enzalutamide in prostate cancer cells. Inversely, mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) knockdown augmented the activity of AR signaling and the cellular resistance to enzalutamide.

Conclusions

MR plays a critical role in resistance to AR‐targeting therapies, which may be overcome by activation of MR signaling.
BAP consensus guidelines on autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Chaplin Steve
Published: May 2018

The British Association for Psychopharmacology (BAP) recently issued new guidelines on the assessment and treatment of autism spectrum disorder, based on consensus rather than systematic review. This article provides an overview of the main recommendations.
Doesn't it make you want to spit?
Authors: Thompson Angus
Published: May 2018

Getting patients to rinse their mouth with water – and then spit it out – is an important way of minimising both localised and systemic adverse effects of inhaled corticosteroids. But are we being explicit enough in our advice?
Tunable Carrier Concentration of NaF‐Treated CIGS Solar Cells Using Heat–Light Soaking and Subsequent Heating
Authors: Matsuura Junpei , Shudo Kosuke , Khatri Ishwor , Sugiyama Mutsumi , Nakada Tokio
Published: May 2018

The combined effect of the heat–light soaking (HLS) and subsequent heat‐soaking (HS) processes is investigated on NaF‐free and NaF‐treated CIGS solar cells with CdS buffer layer. The HLS treatment improves cell efficiency slightly with increased open‐circuit voltage for NaF‐treated CIGS solar cells, whereas the cell efficiency deteriorates for NaF‐free CIGS solar cells. The different behaviors between both types of solar cells may be due to a Na‐containing new layer, which is formed at the CIGS surface region by NaF‐treatment. On the other hand, the short‐circuit current density (JSC) decreases for both types of solar cells after HLS treatment, which is attributed to the extremely high carrier concentration (NCV), leading to a narrower space charge region. However, it is found that the large NCV can be tuned to an appropriate value using the subsequent HS technique. As a result, the JSC loss is successfully reduced, therefore improving cell efficiency. The details of this improved efficiency are discussed with respect to the change of NCV in CIGS solar cells by the HLS and HS processes.
Influence of the length of the internal sleeve valve on the release of powdery substances from the closures of valved bags for dangerous goods
Authors: Schlick‐Hasper Eva , Eiben Mario , Drousch Björn , Heinrich Annika , Goedecke Thomas , Kraume Matthias
Published: May 2018

In practice, checks on dangerous goods transports often detect leaks of powdered dangerous goods from valved bags. In this work, the influence factors of a sudden release of powdery substances from the valves of valved bags were investigated. Drop tests were performed on paper bags of UN design type 5M2 with internal sleeve valve using 2 different powdery substances (Esplas H130 and zinc oxide “Rotsiegel”).

The internal sleeve valves of all test samples were not sift‐proof with respect to both filling substances. For almost all test samples, the Esplas H130 powder already leaked out of pasted joints during manual filling. This is a contradiction to the requirement in UN 6.1.4.18.1, according to which closures and joints of paper bags 5M2 should be sift‐proof.

In the drop tests, longer valve lengths had a greater sealing effect for both filling substances (for filling degrees of at least 95% and for test samples which had already been mechanically loaded). As an extreme example, at the drop height of 1.20 m and a filling degree of 100%, the released amount of zinc oxide powder from a 10‐cm‐long valve was about 16 times higher than from a valve length of 12.5 cm. The valve length is therefore a safety‐relevant parameter and should be specified by the manufacturer.

To ensure that only filling goods with similar physical properties in comparison with the test substance are used for valved bags, the user must be informed of the particle size of the test substance.
Characterization of cyclic olefin copolymer‐coated chitosan bilayer films containing nanocellulose and grape seed extract
Authors: Söğüt Ece , Seydim Atif Can
Published: May 2018

This study evaluated the effect of applying cyclic olefin copolymer (COC) on the physico‐mechanical properties of chitosan (CH) film. Grape seed extract (GSE) (15%, w/w) was added to the CH film solutions to develop an active bilayer, while also adding nanocellulose (NC) (0% to 2%, w/w) to obtain better mechanical properties for CH. Characterization was carried out by contact angle measurements, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), optical analysis, and tensile and water permeability tests. SEM images showed that there was a functional adhesion layer between the CH and the COC, while a detachment occurred for bilayer films with GSE. The formation of a COC layer on the CH surface with the addition of NC improved the water vapor permeability, while the addition of GSE had an adverse effect on the water vapor permeability. The addition of NC into the CH films reduced their water uptake and solubility. The CH film surface showed lower contact angle values, whereas higher contact angle values were observed for CH film surfaces with GSE and NC. The inclusion of NC resulted in an increased elastic modulus and a decrease in TS and ε (%) values. All film samples showed antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli and Listeria monocytogenes. Moreover, film samples with added GSE showed antioxidant properties with 2,2‐Diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl scavenging activity ranging from 14.33 ± 0.24 to 20.45 ± 0.07%. The bilayer films will have a potential use in transferring functional compounds as an active packaging material layer along with conventional polymers.
Knowledge is power
Authors: Smouter Kim
Published: May 2018

How the GDPR's documentation requirements affect you
The fresh scent of innovation
Authors: Boers Marieke , Santiago Moreno Wolters Jose Manuel
Published: May 2018

How we brought perceptions of laundry and scent from around the world straight to the world's leading fragrance makers
Cracking the Code of Impactful Advertisements
Authors: Yagli Seçil Hasegeli , Girisken Yener
Published: May 2018

How to appeal to both Gen Z and grown‐ups
What Gen Z Needs to Know
Authors: Baker Reg
Published: May 2018

The field of research has transformed over the last decades but which fundamentals do incoming researchers still need to master?
Fail again, Fail better!
Authors: Totman Peter
Published: May 2018

Lessons from the life of a qualitative innovator
Six steps to leveraging emerging data source
Authors: Findlay Kyle
Published: May 2018

From traditional research agency to data‐driven tech company
Student affairs professionals play key role in success of student‐athletes
Authors: Turner Leah M. , Hazley Ashleigh N.
Published: May 2018

Due to the model of intercollegiate athletics, student‐athletes are recruited to attend our universities with the promise that their talent will afford them the opportunity to continue their education and passion for sport. However, too often student‐athletes get funneled into the “athlete” population and are segregated from the important support programs and systems that colleges and universities have in place for their general student population.
Was pro‐life campus activity protected by 1st Amendment?
Authors: Gelpi Aileen
Published: May 2018

In 2012, the State University of New York at Buffalo student organization Students for Life reserved a place on campus for two days in April 2013 to display a “Genocide Awareness Project” produced by the Center for Bio‐Ethical Reform Inc., which used photo‐murals with large, graphic images to compare abortion to historically recognized genocides. The reserved location was an open space outside a Student Union building where speech activities were routinely allowed.
Lead black men to conquer barriers to graduation
Authors: Hope Joan
Published: May 2018

The most rewarding part of David D. Page's job is attending commencement. As vice president for enrollment management at Dillard University in Louisiana, Page gets a front‐row seat as young people, many of them the first in their families to go to college, graduate. It's a joy to watch them celebrate their academic accomplishments.
Improved XPS analysis by visual inspection of the survey spectrum
Authors: Tougaard Sven
Published: May 2018

In this paper, we have revisited a well‐known issue in quantitative X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis: when quantitative XPS analysis is based solely on measured peak intensities, this can give rather confusing and misleading results. The problem is caused by peak intensity attenuation with photoelectron distance traveled in the sample and is an issue for samples where the atomic concentration varies substantially over the outermost ~5 nm. This is however the most significant depth range for many of the practical applications of nano‐structures which is today of increasing technological importance. We discuss 3 different methods to correct for the attenuation effect and their limitations. It is then pointed out how one can, by visually comparing observed peak shapes to a set of model spectra, often get a rough idea of the atom depth distribution in the surface region of the sample. This provides a practical tool to supplement the information obtained with XPS analysis based on peak intensities and chemical state information obtained from high‐resolution spectra.
Nonlinear coordinated control of STATCOM and generator excitation for multi‐machine power systems based on improved multi‐objective holographic feedback
Authors: Li Xiaocong , Chen Dengyi
Published: May 2018

Aiming at the coordination control problem of the static synchronous compensator (STATCOM) and generator excitation in a multi‐machine system, an improved multi‐objective holographic feedback (IMOHF) control method is proposed to ensure good dynamic and static state performance of each state in the system. First, the essence of IMOHF is deduced by the Hartman–Grobman theorem. The nonlinear differential algebraic equation (NDAE) system is used to arrange the poles in the vicinity of the equilibrium point by nonlinear feedback; the feedback coefficients are adjusted to constrain the objective variables, so that the variables converge rapidly in their respective references. Then this design concept is applied to the decentralized coordination control strategy of STATCOM and generator excitation. Two kinds of multi‐objective holographic feedback nonlinear control laws with active power, synchronous speed, generator terminal voltage, and STATCOM terminal voltage as control objectives are obtained. Simulation result of the three‐machine nine‐bus system shows that these two kinds of control laws can effectively restrain the power system oscillation and improve the transient stability of the system, and consequently the system voltage will not generate any static shift under different disturbances. © 2018 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
User behavior discovery from low‐level software execution log
Authors: Liu Cong , Wang Shi , Gao Shangce , Zhang Feng , Cheng Jiujun
Published: May 2018

During the execution of software, its execution log can be recorded. This provides valuable information on software runtime analysis, based on which software developers and vendors can find useful insights into how users behave and enable software usability improvements. However, the recorded software execution log usually is in such a fine granularity (usually in the method‐call level) that it cannot reflect real user behavior explicitly. To this end, we propose a supervised learning approach to detect high‐level user operation behavior from low‐level software execution log. More specifically, we first construct a behavioral pattern (represented by Petri nets) for each user operation. Then, we apply an alignment‐based matching approach which takes a set of behavior patterns and a software execution log as input to generate an abstract user operation log. Next, existing process discovery approaches are used to discover user behavior model from the obtained user operation log. The proposed approaches are supported by tools implemented in the open‐source process mining toolkit ProM. By experimental analysis, we demonstrate that the proposed approach facilitates the discovery of insightful user behavior with high accuracy from the software execution log. © 2018 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
The influence of asymmetric pole shoe on synchronous hydro generator
Authors: Qiu Hongbo , Fan Xiaobin
Published: May 2018

In order to reduce the saturation degree of magnetic flux density at the pole shoe on the right side of the pole in a generator and reduce the pole‐to‐pole leakage, an asymmetric pole shoe structure is proposed in this paper. The influence of the asymmetric pole shoe structure on the generator performance is analyzed. First, a bulb tubular turbine generator with a single unit capacity of 24 MW is taken as an example. The two‐dimensional electromagnetic field model of the generator is established based on finite element analysis software, and the correctness of the model is verified through comparative analyses of the experimental results and simulation data. Second, the magnetic flux density distributions of poles under different pole shoe structure parameters are analyzed, and their distribution characteristics are also discussed. Finally, by studying the generator air gap flux density, average torque, torque ripple, eddy current loss, and core loss when the pole shoe structure is different, the variations of the above parameters along with the increase of the pole shoe depth are obtained. © 2018 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Creating a Culture of Continuous Assessment to Improve Student Learning Through Curriculum Review
Authors: Kalu Frances , Dyjur Patti
Published: May 2018

This chapter describes a curriculum review framework that fosters continuous assessment through collaboration with multiple stakeholders, alignment with program level learning outcomes, evaluation based on multiple sources of evidence, and facilitated development of action plans to improve student learning.
Evidence‐Informed Improvement through Collaborative Professional Integration
Authors: Brown Stephanie T. , McGreevy Jeanette , Berigan Nick
Published: May 2018

This chapter describes how any campus can use collaborative professional integration and three “data buckets” (pre‐college, during‐college, and post‐college buckets) to disaggregate assessment evidence, interpret findings contextually, and focus attention on realistic actions to improve student performance in the areas of leverage over which the campus has the most control.
Infrastructure Support for Using Assessment Data for Continuous Improvement
Authors: Matuga Julia M. , Turos Jessica M.
Published: May 2018

This chapter describes essential components of an all‐in‐one assessment system used for learning outcomes assessment. The recent review, revision, and implementation of a new general education program led to important illustrations of how this assessment system contributes to course, program, and institutional alignment, access, action, and amelioration.
Intermittent self‐catheterisation in men
Authors: Logan Karen
Published: May 2018

Intermittent self‐catheterisation (ISC) is an effective treatment option for men with voiding dysfunction, but it can be associated with apprehension and anxiety in the early stages. This article discusses the male patient's experience of learning ISC, exploring the psychological and practical aspects of ISC and the factors that influence treatment continuation.
Prostate artery embolisation: ready for adoption?
Authors: Hacking Nigel
Published: May 2018

Prostatic artery embolisation can be used to block the blood supply in benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH), leading to a significant reduction in size and improvement in associated lower urinary tract symptoms. In this article the author describes the results of a recently published multicentre registry study and looks at where this technique can fit in the management of BPH.
Teacher Librarians Are Your Literacy Partners
Authors: Green Paige
Published: May 2018

Voices From the Classroom essays share readers’ reflections on teaching experiences, advice for new teachers, and perspectives on current issues.
The top 5 sections of the FERPA regs: Faculty and legitimate educational interest §99.31
Authors: Rainsberger Richard
Published: May 2018

I often receive amazing and timely questions from my registrar colleagues about the subjects of my monthly columns.
Identify campus pain points to create a cutting‐edge Registrar's Office
Authors: Sutton Halley
Published: May 2018

The Registrar's Office is the linchpin of your institution, capable of providing the support to keep your institution running capably and as it should. The Registrar's Office also bring your institution fully into the digital age by improving services and trying out new initiatives. That was the lesson Reid Kallman, associate registrar of enrollment and records services at the University of Colorado at Boulder, learned while working in the Registrar's Office at Stanford University under Thomas Black. It was in that environment that Kallman said he first started to develop a passion and drive for the registrar position. “I began to work more with technology and see how the Registrar's Office can work with their IT team and third‐party vendors to solve student, faculty, and staff pain points in their day‐to‐day work,” Kallman said.
Effects of forest structure and harvest‐induced edges on predation risk
Authors: Foggia Jenny R. , Rush Scott A. , Miller Darren A. , Wigley T. Bently , Martin James A.
Published: May 2018

Managed forest systems have implications for wildlife conservation because of their direct influence on condition and distribution of forest patches on the landscape. Spatial arrangement, structure, and composition of patches can influence reproductive outcomes for breeding birds by mediating nest site selection, survival, and predator–prey dynamics. Few studies have explored effects of local and adjacent forest‐stand structure and harvest‐induced edges on nest predation risk. Therefore, during summer 2014, we conducted artificial nest experiments within an intensively managed loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) landscape in Mississippi, USA. We used survival models to quantify effects of forest stand structure and proximity to harvest‐induced edges on apparent predation risk (APR). We conducted vegetation surveys and placed artificial nests (n = 146) at systematic distances from edges between 4 different pine stand types (Class 1: newly established stands; Class 2: 3–5 yr old; Class 3: 5–10 yr old; and Class 4: >10 yr old and postthinned). We sampled 4 stand pairs, each consisting of a Class 1 stand adjacent to a stand type of Class 1 (n = 4), 2 (n = 3), 3 (n = 4), or 4 (n = 4), and developed 15 a priori models relating APR to edge and vegetation characteristics. Apparent predation risk tended to be low and negatively related to edge where adjacent stands featured high proportion of shrub cover and vegetation density. We did not find strong evidence to support increased risk of nest predation near edges. These results were consistent with findings from studies in similar landscape contexts and suggest edges in forest‐dominated landscapes do not increase relative risk of nest predation. Rather, we found that APR was lowest in stands featuring dense shrub and vegetation cover that developed following clearcut harvest. Results of our study highlight some implications of forest harvest on reproductive success of birds, particularly those using early successional vegetation. © 2018 The Wildlife Society.
The Lutetium‐rich Indide Lu13Ni6In
Authors: Galadzhun Yaroslav V. , Hoffmann Rolf‐Dieter , Heletta Lukas , Horiacha Myroslava , Pöttgen Rainer
Published: May 2018

The lutetium‐rich indide Lu13Ni6In was synthesized from the elements by arc‐melting and subsequent annealing in a sealed niobum container. At room temperature, the Lu13Ni6In structure is centrosymmetric, space group R3m, a = 919.74(10), c = 1828.9(2) pm, wR2 = 0.0996, 666 F2 values, 43 variables. It exhibits strong anisotropic displacement parameters U33 for the Lu1 and U22 for the Ni atoms. In going to low‐temperature, Lu13Ni6In shows a phase transition (loss of the inversion symmetry) along with an ordering of Lu1. The structure was refined from 90 K single‐crystal X‐ray diffractometer data for an inversion twin: R3m, a = 918.97(4), c = 1820.27(7) pm, wR2 = 0.0890, 1288 F2 values, 56 variables. The low‐temperature Lu13Ni6In structure can be described as a condensation of In@Lu12 icosahedra, Ni2@Lu6 trigonal prisms, and Ni@Lu4 tetrahedra to layers that are stacked in ABC sequence. The driving force for superstructure formation is a strengthening of Lu–Ni bonding. Temperature dependent magnetic susceptibility measurements show Pauli paramagnetic behavior.
Dissipative hydrodynamics with higher-form symmetry
Authors: Armas Jay , Gath Jakob , Jain Akash , Pedersen Andreas Vigand
Published: May 2018

Abstract

A theory of parity-invariant dissipative fluids with q-form symmetry is formulated to first order in a derivative expansion. The fluid is anisotropic with symmetry SO(D − 1 − q) × SO(q) and carries dissolved q-dimensional charged objects that couple to a (q + 1)-form background gauge field. The case q = 1 for which the fluid carries string charge is related to magnetohydrodynamics in D = 4 spacetime dimensions. We identify q+7 parity-even independent transport coefficients at first order in derivatives for q > 1. In particular, compared to the q = 1 case under the assumption of parity and charge conjugation invariance, fluids with q > 1 are characterised by q extra transport coefficients with the physical interpretation of shear viscosity in the SO(q) sector and current resistivities. We discuss certain issues related to the existence of a hydrostatic sector for fluids with higher-form symmetry for any q ≥ 1. We extend these results in order to include an interface separating different fluid phases and study the dispersion relation of capillary waves finding clear signatures of anisotropy. The formalism developed here can be easily adapted to study hydrodynamics with multiple higher-form symmetries.
Revisiting the D-meson hadroproduction in general-mass variable flavour number scheme
Authors: Helenius Ilkka , Paukkunen Hannu
Published: May 2018

Abstract

We introduce a novel realization of the open heavy-flavour hadroproduction in general-mass variable flavour number scheme at next-to-leading order in perturbative QCD. The principal novelty with respect to the earlier works is in the treatment of small-transverse-momentum limit, which has been a particularly challenging kinematic region in the past. We show that by a suitable choice of scheme, it is possible to obtain a well-behaved description of the open heavy-flavour hadroproduction cross sections from zero up to asymptotically high transverse momentum. We contrast our calculation with the available D0-meson data as measured by the LHCb and ALICE collaborations at the LHC, finding a very good agreement within the theoretical and experimental uncertainties. We also compare our framework with other theoretical approaches.
A Cost Analysis of School-Based Lifestyle Interventions
Authors: Oosterhoff Marije , Bosma Hans , van Schayck Onno C.P. , Joore Manuela A.
Published: May 2018

A uniform approach for costing school-based lifestyle interventions is currently lacking. The objective of this study was to develop a template for costing primary school-based lifestyle interventions and apply this to the costing of the “Healthy Primary School of the Future” (HPSF) and the “Physical Activity School” (PAS), which aim to improve physical activity and dietary behaviors. Cost-effectiveness studies were reviewed to identify the cost items. Societal costs were reflected by summing up the education, household and leisure, labor and social security, and health perspectives. Cost inputs for HPSF and PAS were obtained for the first year after implementation. In a scenario analysis, the costs were explored for a hypothetical steady state. From a societal perspective, the per child costs were €2.7/$3.3 (HPSF) and €− 0.3/$− 0.4 (PAS) per day during the first year after implementation, and €1.0/$1.2 and €− 1.3/$− 1.6 in a steady state, respectively (2016 prices). The highest costs were incurred by the education perspective (first year: €8.7/$10.6 (HPSF) and €4.0/$4.9 (PAS); steady state: €6.1/$7.4 (HPSF) and €2.1/$2.6 (PAS)), whereas most of the cost offsets were received by the household and leisure perspective (first year: €− 6.0/$− 7.3 (HPSF) and €− 4.4/$− 5.4 (PAS); steady state: €− 5.0/$− 6.1 (HPSF) and €− 3.4/$− 4.1 (PAS)). The template proved helpful for costing HPSF and PAS from various stakeholder perspectives. The costs for the education sector were fully (PAS) and almost fully (HPSF) compensated by the savings within the household sector. Whether the additional costs of HPSF over PAS represent value for money will depend on their relative effectiveness.
Re-envisioning the Nocturnal Sublime: On the Ethics and Aesthetics of Nighttime Lighting
Authors: Stone Taylor
Published: May 2018

Grounded in the practical problem of light pollution, this paper examines the aesthetic dimensions of urban and natural darkness, and its impact on how we perceive and evaluate nighttime lighting. It is argued that competing notions of the sublime, manifested through artificial illumination and the natural night sky respectively, reinforce a geographical dualism between cities and wilderness. To challenge this spatial differentiation, recent work in urban-focused environmental ethics, as well as environmental aesthetics, are utilized to envision the moral and aesthetic possibilities of a new urban nocturnal sublime. Through articulating the aspirations and constraints of a new urban nocturnal experience, this paper elucidates the axiological dimensions of light pollution, draws attention to nightscapes as a site of importance for urban-focused (environmental) philosophy, and examines the enduring relevance of the sublime for both the design of nighttime illumination and the appreciation of the night sky.
Insertion and Presence of Fine‐Wire Intramuscular Electrodes to the Lumbar Paraspinal Muscles Do Not Affect Muscle Performance and Activation During High‐Exertion Spinal Extension Activities
Authors: Lee Szu‐Ping , Smith Jo Armour , Kimber Matthew , Houk Kelsey
Published: May 2018

Background

Low back pain (LBP) is commonly associated with paraspinal muscle dysfunctions. A method to study deep lumbar paraspinal (ie, multifidus) muscle function and neuromuscular activation pattern is intramuscular electromyography (EMG). Previous studies have shown that the procedure does not significantly impact muscle function during activities involving low‐level muscle contractions. However, it is currently unknown how muscular function and activation are affected during high‐exertion contractions.

Objective

To examine the effects of insertion and presence of fine‐wire EMG electrodes in the lumbar multifidus on muscle strength, endurance, and activation profiles during high‐exertion spinal extension muscle contractions.

Design

Single‐blinded, repeated measures intervention trial.

Setting

University clinical research laboratory

Participants

Twenty individuals between the ages of 18‐40 free of recent and current back pain.

Methods

Muscle performance was assessed during 3 conditions (with [WI] and without [WO] presence of intramuscular electrodes, and insertion followed by removal [IO]). Isometric spinal extension strength was assessed with a motorized dynamometer. Muscle endurance was assessed using the Sorensen test with neuromuscular activation profiles analyzed during the endurance test.

Main Outcome Measurements

Spinal extensor muscle strength, endurance, and activation.

Results

Our data showed no significant difference in isometric strength (P = .20) between the 3 conditions. A significant difference in muscle endurance was found (P = .03). Post hoc analysis showed that the muscle endurance in the IO condition was significantly higher than the WO condition (161.3 ± 58.3 versus 142.1 ± 48.2 seconds, P = .04), likely due to a learning effect. All 3 conditions elicited minimal pain (range 0‐4/10) and comparable muscle activation profiles.

Conclusion

Our findings suggested the sonographically guided insertion and presence of fine‐wire intramuscular EMG electrodes in the lumbar multifidus muscles had no significant impact on spinal extension muscle function. This study provides evidence that implementing intramuscular EMG does not affect muscle performance during high‐exertion contractions in individuals with no current back pain.

Level of Evidence

II
Atheism and Agnosticism
Authors: Oppy Graham
Published: May 2018

This book is an elementary introduction to atheism and agnosticism. It begins with a careful characterisation of atheism and agnosticism, distinguishing them from many other things with which they are often conflated. After a brief discussion of the theoretical framework within which atheism and agnosticism are properly evaluated, it then turns to the sketching of cases for atheism and agnosticism. In both cases, the aim is not conviction, but rather advancement of understanding: the point of the cases is to make it intelligible why some take themselves to have compelling reason to adopt atheism or agnosticism.
Safety of ferumoxytol in children undergoing cardiac MRI under general anaesthesia
Authors: Wise-Faberowski Lisa , Velasquez Nathalia , Chan Frandics , Vasanawala Shreyas , McElhinney Doff B. , Ramamoorthy Chandra
Published: May 2018

Background

Ferumoxytol, an “off-label” contrast agent, allows for better cardiac MRI quality as compared with gadolinium-based contrast agents. However, hypotension has been reported with the use of ferumoxytol for indications other than cardiac MRI. The purpose of our investigation was to evaluate the safety of ferumoxytol in children undergoing general anaesthesia for cardiac MRI.

Methods

Medical records of children undergoing general anaesthesia for cardiac MRI were reviewed. Baseline demographic and medical characteristics, as well as imaging and anaesthetic duration and technique, were collected. The incidence of hypotension or other adverse events’, need for vasoactive support, or airway intervention throughout the anaesthetic, was recorded.

Results

A total of 95 patients were identified, 61 received ferumoxytol and 34 received gadolinium. There were no significant differences between groups with respect to age, weight, or baseline blood pressure. The incidence of low blood pressure – systolic or mean – after contrast administration did not differ between groups, and there was no difference in sustained hypotension or use of vasopressors between groups. One patient who received ferumoxytol had possible anaphylaxis. The image acquisition time (45 versus 68 min, p=0.002) and anaesthesia duration (100 versus 132 min, p=0.02) were shorter in the ferumoxytol group.

Conclusion

Transient low blood pressure was common in children undergoing cardiac MRI with anaesthesia, but the incidence of hypotension did not differ between ferumoxytol and gadolinium groups. The use of ferumoxytol was associated with significantly shorter scan time and anaesthesia duration, as well as a decreased need for airway intervention.
Novel SSR marker development and genetic diversity analysis of Cinnamomum camphora based on transcriptome sequencing
Authors: Li Zhiting , Zhong Yongda , Yu Faxin , Xu Meng
Published: May 2018

Cinnamomum camphora (Lauraceae) is a well-known multipurpose tree with aromatic oils, insect-repellent effects and ornamental value. In this study, a total of 74,289 simple sequence repeats (SSRs) were found in 56,124 unigenes, of which 14,225 unigenes contained more than one SSR locus. Among these SSR loci, the mono-nucleotide repeats were the most frequent, with a frequency of 61.14%, followed by 24.87% di-nucleotide repeats and 12.87% tri-nucleotide repeats. Twenty-one polymorphic SSR markers were developed and validated in 45 camphor trees. The 21 loci were further examined for cross-species transferability in other six related species. The novel genic-SSR markers will not only benefit genetic diversity analysis and wild resources conservation of C. camphora, but also contribute to exploring the further evolutionary history and genetic differentiation pattern of Cinnamomum.
Using Neural Network Classifier Approach for Statistically Forecasting Extreme Corn Yield Losses in Eastern United States
Authors: Mathieu J. A. , Aires F.
Published: May 2018

This paper presents a statistical method for forecasting extreme corn yield losses caused by weather extremes. A neural network classifier approach is tested over the Eastern United States (time series of 35 years) to detect extreme yield losses for corn from weather‐related information. We first developed a methodology to rank a series of climate‐based predictors according to the accuracy with which they classify extreme from nonextreme yield losses. The classification methodology is adapted in order to be trained with a limited number of extreme cases. Using four weather predictors—the average temperature in July and August, and the SPEI (Standardized Precipitation‐Evapotranspiration Index) in June and July—71% of the extreme cases are well classified by this statistical model. Furthermore, the neural network output represents a good yield severity index and can provide an early quantitative warning for extreme yield anomalies.
Obama’s Science Adviser Blasts Trump Policies and Personnel
Authors: Showstack Randy
Published: May 2018

In a no-holds-barred speech, John Holdren renews call for a White House science adviser.