bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lithium Microdialysis and Its Use for Monitoring of Stomach and Colon Submucosal Blood Perfusion – A Pilot Study Using Ischemic Preconditioning in Rats
Authors: Cibiček Norbert , Mičuda Stanislav , Chládek Jaroslav , Živný Pavel , Zadák Zdeněk , Čermáková Eva , Palička Vladimír
Published: April 2018

During shock, exposure of gut to ischemia determines patient’s survival. Ischemic preconditioning (ISP) elevates nitric oxide and blood perfusion, whereby it protects organs against subsequent severe ischemia/reperfusion. Using appropriate flow marker, microdialysis may serve to monitor interstitial microcirculation. Hence, our aim was to test the reliability of lithium as a flow marker (lithium microdialysis, LM) on an ISP model. Rats were divided into three groups. Two (ischemic and preconditioned) groups underwent 30 min celiac artery occlusion (CAO) with 2.5 h reperfusion. 25 min before CAO, the latter experienced 5 min ischemia. Sham–operated animals served as controls. LM in stomach and colon submucosa, serum nitric oxide, hepatic and pancreatic enzymes were measured. In stomach, LM indicated a decrease in blood perfusion evoked by CAO (p<0.01) in both experimental groups. During reperfusion, the ischemic animals showed a restoration of microcirculation, unlike the preconditioned ones, whose blood perfusion failed to regenerate (p<0.001). For any group, LM showed no microcirculation modification in colon. Serum analytes remained unchanged. We conclude that LM appears to be a potentially suitable indicator of gastrointestinal interstitial microcirculation. However, we failed to demonstrate any beneficial effect of ISP on pancreas, systemic nitric oxide and local/remote microcirculation within studied organs.
Reactivation Potency of New Group of Acetylcholinesterase Reactivators and Their Comparison with Currently Available Oximes
Authors: Kuča Kamil , Pícha Jan , Jun Daniel
Published: April 2018

In this work, in vitro potency of novel serie of monoquaternary pyridinium oximes to reactivate cyclosarin-inhibited acetylcholinesterase (AChE) was tested. Currently available oximes (pralidoxime, obidoxime, trimedoxime, HI-6 and BI-6) were used as oximes for comparison. As resulted, none of tested new reactivators was able to reactivate AChE inhibited by cyclosarin. Also pralidoxime, obidoxime and trimedoxime did not reach good reactivation results. Only oximes HI-6 and BI-6 achieved sufficient reactivation potency. From obtained results, it can be deduced, that only reactivators with oxime group in position two are able to reactivate cyclosarin-inhibited AChE.
Frequency of Neonatal Hypoglycemia in Large for Gestational Age Infants of Non-Diabetic Mothers in a Community Maternity Hospital
Authors: Araz Nilgun , Araz Mustafa
Published: April 2018

Large for gestational age (LGA) infants are at increased risk for hypoglycemia. The aim of the study was to determine the frequency of neonatal hypoglycemia in LGA infants of non-diabetic mothers in a Community Maternity Hospital in Gaziantep, Turkey. Hospital records of 5229 infants of non-diabetic mothers were examined retrospectively. Newborns with birth weight more than 4000 g were defined as LGA. The control group consisted of 100 appropriate for gestational age (AGA) newborns. Capillary blood glucose was measured at the second hour of life. Glucose values lower than 40 mg/dL (2.2 mmol/L) were defined as hypoglycemia. Ninety-six (1.8%) of the 5229 infants were found to be LGA. The mean capillary glucose levels of the LGA newborns were significantly lower than those of the AGA newborns (54 mg/dL (3.0 mmol/L) vs. 95 mg/dL (5.2 mmol/L), p<0.0001). Neonatal hypoglycemia was established in 16 of 96 LGA infants (16.7%). In the control group hypoglycemia was absent. The rate of hypoglycemia in LGA infants was significantly higher than the rate in the AGA infants (p=0.0000). As hypoglycemia is not rare in LGA infants and can have serious consequences, blood glucose levels should be screened routinely in LGA infants.
Asymptomatic Aneurysmal Portosystemic Venous Shunt: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Filik Levent , Boyacioglu Sedat
Published: April 2018

Spontaneous intrahepatic portosystemic venous shunt (SIPSVS) is relatively rare and not well recognized. Herein, we report 75-year-old female of an aneurysmal portosystemic venous shunt detected by colour Doppler ultrasound in check-up examination. A direct vascular communication between left portal vein and middle hepatic vein was confirmed by CT-angiography. The cause of intrahepatic portosystemic venous shunt is disputed. This abnormality, mainly described in cirrhotic liver and rarely in healthy liver, is usually revealed by hepatic encephalopathy or glycoregulation disorders. However, with improvements in imaging the number of reports of SIPSVS identified incidentally in patients without definite symptoms increasing.
Does context really collapse in social media interaction?
Authors: Szabla Malgorzata , Blommaert Jan
Published: April 2018

‘Context collapse’ (CC) refers to the phenomenon widely debated in social media research, where various audiences convene around single communicative acts in new networked publics, causing confusion and anxiety among social media users. The notion of CC is a key one in the reimagination of social life as a consequence of the mediation technologies we associate with the Web 2.0. CC is undertheorized, and in this paper we intend not to rebuke it but to explore its limits. We do so by shifting the analytical focus from “online communication” in general to specific forms of social action performed, not by predefined “group” members, but by actors engaging in emerging kinds of sharedness based on existing norms of interaction. This approach is a radical choice for action rather than actor, reaching back to symbolic interactionism and beyond to Mead, Strauss and other interactionist sociologists, and inspired by contemporary linguistic ethnography and interactional sociolinguistics, notably the work of Rampton and the Goodwins. We apply this approach to an extraordinarily complex Facebook discussion among Polish people residing in The Netherlands – a set of data that could instantly be selected as a likely site for context collapse. We shall analyze fragments in detail, showing how, in spite of the complications intrinsic to such online, profoundly mediated and oddly ‘placed’ interaction events, participants appear capable of ‘normal’ modes of interaction and participant selection. In fact, the ‘networked publics’ rarely seem to occur in practice, and contexts do not collapse but expand continuously without causing major issues for contextualization. The analysis will offer a vocabulary and methodology for addressing the complexities of the largest new social space on earth: the space of online culture.
Die Kritik des Rechts und das Recht der Kritik
Authors: Menke Christoph
Published: April 2018

The question of the critique of law is at the same time the question of the law – and the right – of critique. For law is itself the first institutionalized practice of critique: an apparatus of normative distinction. This raises the question of whether a critique of law is at all possible. For either the critique of law simply repeats the critique which is enacted by law; but then it is not a critique of law but rather its affirmation. Or it effectively rejects law and overcomes its practice of normative distinction; but then it is not acritiqueof law but something other than critique. The critique of law is trapped in an aporia. The paper first exposes and then explores a way of overcoming this aporia.
Geistlose Hirne und hirnlose Geister
Authors: Heinz Andreas
Published: April 2018

Mental disorders have been suggested to differ from somatic diseases because they lack an organic correlate. We show that this argument is both empirically wrong and theoretically irrelevant, because diseases are defined by functional impairments and not biological variation. Due to human diversity, a multitude of functions can be defined, and any selection of medically relevant functional impairments is necessarily value-based. We suggest that such values include individual survival and living in a shared world with others, and that their definition requires public debate and a critical reflection by Philosophical Anthropology. However, the presence of functional impairments that are generally relevant for human life and survival only fulfils the so-called disease criterion, which is necessary but not sufficient to diagnose a clinically relevant malady. This would only be justified if such functional impairments cause individual harm, either because they are accompanied by suffering (the illness criterion) or because they interfere with basic activities of daily living such as personal hygiene and food intake (the sickness criterion of a clinically relevant malady). We apply this theory to mental disorders, conclude that only a fraction of such “disorders” currently listed in international classifications of diseases are clinically relevant mental maladies, suggest focusing on the needs of persons with such maladies and recommend avoiding “pathologization” of human diversity.
Structural deformation of PVDF nanoweb due to electrospinning behavior affected by solvent ratio
Authors: Hwang Young Jin , Choi Sejin , Kim Han Seong
Published: April 2018

In this study, we investigated the effects of solution characteristics on electrospinning behavior and nanoweb structure. We prepared a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) solution by varying the ratios of N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) and acetone in the solvent and fabricated nanowebs by electrospinning. We determined the solution characteristics of the PVDF solution with respect to the acetone ratio in the solvent. The effects of the solution characteristics on the electrospinning behavior were confirmed using a high-speed camera. We found significant differences in the electrospinning behavior. Thus, we investigated the effect of this difference on the morphology and structural properties of the fabricated nanoweb.
Geostatistical screening of flood events in the groundwater levels of the diverted inner delta of the Danube River: implications for river bed clogging
Authors: Trásy Balázs , Garamhegyi Tamás , Laczkó-Dobos Péter , Kovács József , Hatvani István Gábor
Published: April 2018

The efficient operation of shallow groundwater (SGW) monitoring networks is crucial to water supply, in-land water protection, agriculture and nature conservation. In the present study, the spatial representativity of such a monitoring network in an area that has been thoroughly impacted by anthropogenic activity (river diversion/damming) is assessed, namely the Szigetköz adjacent to the River Danube. The main aims were to assess the spatial representativity of the SGW monitoring network in different discharge scenarios, and investigate the directional characteristics of this representativity, i.e. establish whether geostatistical anisotropy is present, and investigate how this changes with flooding. After the subtraction of a spatial trend from the time series of 85 shallow groundwater monitoring wells tracking flood events from 2006, 2009 and 2013, variography was conducted on the residuals, and the degree of anisotropy was assessed to explore the spatial autocorrelation structure of the network. Since the raw data proved to be insufficient, an interpolated grid was derived, and the final results were scaled to be representative of the original raw data. It was found that during floods the main direction of the spatial variance of the shallow groundwater monitoring wells alters, from perpendicular to the river to parallel with it for over a period of about two week. However, witht the passing of the flood, this returns to its original orientation in ~2 months. It is likely that this process is related first to the fast removal of clogged riverbed strata by the flood, then to their slower replacement. In addition, the study highlights the importance of assessing the direction of the spatial autocorrelation structure of shallow groundwater monitoring networks, especially if the aim is to derive interpolated maps for the further investigation or modeling of flow.
Microwave-assisted synthesis of γ-thiolactams from ethyl isocyanoacetate
Authors: Lamberto Massimiliano
Published: April 2018

γ-Thiolactams were synthesized in good yields from ethyl isocyanoacetate through a sequential alkylation/isothiocyanation/radical cyclization under microwave irradiation.
Dynamics of Almost Periodic Solution for a Delayed Facultative Mutualism Model Involving Negative Feedback Terms
Authors: Yang Li , Guo Zunguang
Published: April 2018

By using some new analytical techniques, modified inequalities and Mawhin’s continuation theorem of coincidence degree theory, some sufficient conditions are obtained for the boundedness of the solution and the existence of at least one positive almost periodic solution of a kind of two-species model of facultative mutualism with time delays. Further, the global asymptotic stability of the positive almost periodic solution of this model is also considered. Some examples and numerical simulations are also given to illustrate the main results of this paper.
Body composition and metabolic health of young male adults with childhood-onset multiple pituitary hormone deficiency after cessation of growth hormone treatment
Authors: Yang Hongbo , Wang Linjie , Qiu Xiaonan , Yan Kemin , Gong Fengying , Zhu Huijuan , Pan Hui
Published: April 2018

Background:

Recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) replacement therapy is usually stopped after linear growth completion in patients with growth hormone deficiency. In patients with multiple pituitary hormone deficiency (MPHD), the long-term effects of discontinuation of rhGH replacement are unknown.

Methods:

In this study, the anthropometric and metabolic parameters of 24 male patients with adult growth hormone deficiency (AGHD) due to MPHD in childhood after cessation of rhGH therapy for a mean of 7.1 years were measured and compared with 35 age-matched controls. Body composition was evaluated by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA).

Results:

In the AGHD group, body mass index (BMI) was significantly increased and 29.2% had obesity. The AGHD group had a 17.7 cm increase in waist circumference (WC). The fat free mass (FFM) was significantly lower in the AGHD group. Both the fat mass (FM) and percentage of fat mass (FM%) were significantly increased in the AGHD group. Both the systolic blood pressure (BP) and diastolic pressure were significantly lower in AGHD group. The lipid profile was generally similar in both groups, except for a decrease of high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) in the AGHD group. There was significant hyperuricemia in the AGHD group.

Conclusions:

Cessation of rhGH leads to a significant increase of FM in early adulthood in male patients with childhood-onset MPHD (CO-MPHD).
Modeling between-subject differences and within-subject changes for long distance runners by age
Authors: Strand Matthew , Nelson Daniel , Grunwald Gary
Published: April 2018

A time-varying predictor in a longitudinal model can be separated into between- and within-subject components. This is important if a researcher is specifically interested in differences between subjects or changes within subjects. If no separation is made, then the effect associated with the time-varying predictor is a combination of the between- and within-subject effects. In this article, running race performances are considered as a nonlinear function of age, for which both absolute and relative difference terms are used to separate between- and within-subject components. Longitudinal data were obtained from 12 consecutive years of the 10-km Bolder Boulder for analysis, for the class of competitive recreational runners. Mixed models were used to fit the data after log transforming the nonlinear model. Results of model fits demonstrated that between-subject differences between ages were somewhat similar to within-subject changes, although the latter tended to change somewhat more slowly, especially after the peak racing ages. For example, the between-subject rate of change for 43 year-old runners was about 1% per year on average (increase in race time), while the within-subject change for a runner of the same age averaged between 0.6 and 0.8% per year.
Law and Development: Lessons from South Korea
Authors: Lee Yong-Shik
Published: April 2018

South Korea has achieved unprecedented economic and social development in history. This country, which had been among the poorest in the world until the early 1960s, became one of the world’s leading economies by the mid-1990s as demonstrated by high per-capita income and world-class industries. In the early 1960s, Korea had much of the characteristics shared by many developing countries today, such as prevalent poverty, low economic productivity, low levels of technology and entrepreneurship in society, insufficient capital, poor endowment of natural resources, over-population in a relatively small territory, and internal political instability and external threats to its security. Korea has successfully overcome these obstacles and achieved economic development within a single generation. Korea’s success in economic development was also accompanied by the advancement of the rule of law and elective democracy by the 1990s. What are the causes of this unprecedented success? This article, applying a recently developed theory of law and development, explores the legal and institutional dimensions of Korea’s development and draws lessons from its successful development.
A parametric linearizing approach for quadratically inequality constrained quadratic programs
Authors: Jiao Hongwei , Chen Rongjiang
Published: April 2018

In this paper we propose a new parametric linearizing approach for globally solving quadratically inequality constrained quadratic programs. By utilizing this approach, we can derive the parametric linear programs relaxation problem of the investigated problem. To accelerate the computational speed of the proposed algorithm, an interval deleting rule is used to reduce the investigated box. The proposed algorithm is convergent to the global optima of the initial problem by subsequently partitioning the initial box and solving a sequence of parametric linear programs relaxation problems. Finally, compared with some existing algorithms, numerical results show higher computational efficiency of the proposed algorithm.
Moving Toward Neo-Totalitarianism: A Political-Sociological Analysis of the Evolution of Administrative Absorption of Society in China
Authors: Kang Xiaoguang
Published: April 2018

China recently promulgated and revised a number of laws, regulations and measures to regulate the nonprofit sector. All these administrative efforts increase support for Chinese nonprofit organizations (NPOs) on the one hand and put unprecedented pressure on them on the other. The seemingly contradictory effects are actually based on the same logic of Administrative Absorption of Society (AAS). This article proposes three phases in the development of AAS: an subconscious phase, a theory-modeling phase, and an institutionalization phase. The institutionalization of AAS has led to the rise of neo-totalitarianism, which is featured by state capitalism, unlimited government, and a mixed ideology of Marxism and Confucianism. Neo-totalitarianism further strengthens AAS and has begun to reshape the relationship between the state and the nonprofit sector. This article analyzes China’s nonprofit policymaking from a sociopolitical perspective, and clarifies the context, the characteristics, and the evolution of laws and policies in the nonprofit sector in macrocosm.
Device for the detection of short trace gas pulses
Authors: Baur Tobias , Schultealbert Caroline , Schütze Andreas , Sauerwald Tilman
Published: April 2018

A device for detection of short gas pulses at very low concentrations is presented. The approach is based on a special temperature modulation technique enabling a differential surface reduction (DSR) measurement of a metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) gas sensor. With this method, the sensor surface is highly covered with oxidized surface states at high temperature (e. g. 400 °C) initially. The temperature is then reduced abruptly to, e. g., 100 °C resulting in a state with strong excess of negative surface charge. Reactions of these surface charges with reducing gases are prevailing and lead to very high sensitivity. For the measurement a dedicated detector (electronics and fluidic system) is presented. The electronics allows a high-resolution conductance measurement of the sensitive layer and accurate temperature control. The fluidic system is examined in terms of peak shape and optimal sensor response via FEM simulations.
Thermo-Efficiencies of a Tubular Combustor Under Different Inlet Conditions
Authors: Topal Ahmet , Turan Onder
Published: April 2018

Exergy efficiencies of the gas turbine become an important issue in recent years and by the way conducted studies regarding to this subject shows that the highest exergy destruction is observed in the combustor and afterburner modules. Therefore it is beneficial to perform analyses that are specific to the combustor exergy efficiency. This study includes the energy

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c

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and exergy efficiencies

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$\left( {{\eta _{ex}}} \right)$

(thermo-efficiencies) of a tubular combustor for different inlet conditions. Both of the first law and second law efficiencies have been performed on the experimental data and efficiency trends are investigated for changing aerodynamic conditions. Combustor tests have been conducted in an atmospheric test rig and combustor air inlet temperature

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03

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, air mass flow rate

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a

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and fuel mass flow rate

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have been set for the pre-defined conditions. Moreover, exhaust gas emissions were measured by using a gas analyzer system. In the study, highest energy and exergy efficiencies have been obtained at minimum aerodynamic loading condition as 99.0 % and 70.2 % respectively. Moreover efficiencies have the lowest value as 92.7 % and 54.0 % at the maximum aerodynamic loading condition. To summarize, this study aims to show the energy and exergy trends by changing inlet conditions of a tubular combustor in the atmospheric test rig.
It's not all about archaeology
Authors: Smith Laurajane , Campbell Gary
Published: April 2018

As the authors of the Association of Critical Heritage Studies manifesto (Campbell & Smith 2011), there are aspects of the debate piece by González-Ruibal et al. (above) that we have no trouble agreeing with, but we take issue with other elements. This paper sets up far too many straw people, based on a limited engagement with the archaeological and heritage studies literature. At its heart, and despite the radical rhetoric, Gonzalez-Ruibal et al.’s paper is another defence of archaeological expertise by archaeologists, based on a dubious equation of reactionary politics with communities and the popular.
Construction of Reliability Single Sampling Plans Based on Exponentiated Exponential Distribution
Authors: Loganathan A. , Gunasekaran M.
Published: April 2018

Reliability sampling plans are used in manufacturing industries to make decisions regarding the disposition of lots based on life testing of the product. Censoring schemes may be adopted in life testing in order to save on time and cost of life testing. The sampling plans are designed based on the respective probability distribution of the lifetime of the products under testing. Several works regarding the design of reliability sampling plans under various censoring schemes are found in the literature. Exponentiated exponential distribution has found applications in reliability and life testing, which is also considered as an alternative in these fields to Weibull and gamma distributions. In this article, reliability single sampling plans are designed under a hybrid censoring scheme, assuming that the lifetime is distributed according to an exponentiated exponential distribution. Plan parameters are determined using binomial probabilities that protect the interests of both producer and consumer. Performance of the exponentiated exponential sampling plans is compared with exponential sampling plans. Selection of the sampling plan for given requirements is illustrated through numerical examples.
Albedo Estimation of Finite-Sized Concrete Specimens
Authors: Sen Sushobhan , Roesler Jeffery , King Daniel
Published: April 2018

Albedo in the context of the Urban Heat Island contributes to the environmental impact of a pavement. Measuring the pavement albedo is difficult as it depends on the size of the specimen, background interference, and variations in the incoming solar spectrum. For this study, the albedo was determined for a 1-m2 concrete slab cast with white cement containing titanium dioxide nanoparticles. The size of the exposed surface of the slab was varied using black paper. To calculate the albedo of these nonstandard specimen sizes, a new testing technique was proposed that uses an albedometer and various geometric conditions, including the exposed slab surface and measurement height. The albedo of the finite-sized concrete specimen was found to range from 0.50 to 0.55, depending on the number of unknowns assumed, with the most reasonable estimate of 0.54. The measured slab albedo from the new method was also verified using a laboratory spectrophotometer. With this proposed methodology to account for background surfaces, the albedo of laboratory-sized concrete specimens of any shape can now be easily measured at various test site locations.
Earthquake Isolation of a Spring-Damper-Friction System with a Convex Friction Distribution
Authors: Wei Biao , Zuo Chengjun , He Xuhui , Hu Qiongyin
Published: April 2018

When a structure is isolated by rubber bearings and viscous dampers, some of those bearings are often destroyed by an earthquake, causing a rough friction interface with large friction coefficients, while other contact surfaces around the damaged bearings are very smooth with smaller friction coefficients. A typical spring-damper-friction isolation system with a convex friction distribution is formed because the viscous dampers and other undamaged bearings can still work normally to provide the damping and restoring forces, respectively. The seismic isolation trend of this system is analyzed by artificially supposing the friction distribution to be theoretically and linearly convex. The calculation results validate that the convex pattern of friction distribution reduces the earthquake isolation efficiency and should be avoided in the actual projects.
D-Transposition of the Great Arteries: A New Era in Cardiology
Authors: Opina Angeline D. , Franklin Wayne J.
Published: April 2018

Before the 1950s, D-transposition of the great arteries was associated with nearly 90% mortality within the first year of life. The Mustard and Senning procedures resulted in a significant increase in the lifespan of these patients but with notable long-term complications, including arrhythmias, sinus node dysfunction, chronotropic incompetence, and right ventricular systolic dysfunction. The arterial switch operation (first described by Adib Jatene) initially resulted in nearly universal death. However, the use of coronary buttons for coronary artery translocation has improved operative survival dramatically. It is now considered the treatment of choice in patients amendable to the arterial switch operation. Considered an anatomic repair, resulting in concordant ventriculoarterial connections and a systemic left ventricle, the arterial switch operation reduces the incidence of ventricular dysfunction. However, it is also associated with long-term complications, including aortic root dilatation, aortic valve regurgitation, right ventricular outflow tract obstructions, coronary artery stenosis/compression, and branch pulmonary artery stenosis.
Vichada meteorite impact effects from simulation of regional environmental consequences of a meteoroid impact on Earth
Authors: Hernandez Pardo Orlando
Published: April 2018

This study estimates the regional environmental consequences of the impactor extraterrestrial body that could produce the probable Vichada impact crater structure on the Vichada Plain, in Colombia, South America. This paper details the parameter assumptions upon which the estimation is made. It describes an approach to quantifying the principal impact processes that could have affected the landscape in the vicinity of the probable Vichada impact event in the past. The key parameters are impactor diameter, impactor density, impact velocity before atmospheric entry, impact angle, and the distance from the impact at which the environmental effects are to be calculated, and the target type of sedimentary rock or crystalline rock. These parameters were chosen with support from The Vichada Structure dimensions obtained from remote sensing data interpretation, regional geologic mapping and interpreted satellite data and ground-based gravity and magnetic anomalies. The calculations are based on compiled novel algorithms for estimating the thermal radiation emitted by the impact-generated vapor plume or fireball, and the intensity of seismic shaking. Model validation is performed by obtaining the approximates various dimensions of the Vichada impact crater and ejecta deposit, as well as estimating the severity of the air blasting both crater-forming and air burst impacts. We illustrate the utility of the calculations by examining the predicted environmental consequences in seven localities of the Colombian territory, through hypothetical impact scenarios occurring in Cumaribo and Puerto Carreño (Vichada), Puerto Inirida (Guainía), Puerto Gaitán and Villavicencio (Meta), Mitú (Vaupes) and Bogotá, D.C. It is concluded that the most wide-reaching environmental consequence is seismic shaking. Both ejecta deposit thickness and air-blast pressure decay much more rapidly with distance than with seismic ground motion. Close to the impact site, the most devastating effect is from thermal radiation; however, the curvature of the Earth implies that distant localities are shielded from direct thermal radiation because the fireball is below the horizon. These results would guide further detailed fieldwork hunting for direct impact crater evidence and interpret high-resolution geophysical studies and borehole that could be carried out in the probable Vichada impact crater area shortly.
Editorial
Authors: Organizadora Comissão , Timm Edgar Zanini , Garin Norberto
Published: April 2018

Esta edição especial da Revista Ciência em Movimento traz os resumos expandidos, aceitos para publicação, do evento XI SEMINÁRIO DE PESQUISA, VIII SEMINÁRIO DA PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO, V SIMPÓSIO INTERDISCIPLINAR EM REABILITAÇÃO e VII MOSTRA DE AUTORES.O evento ocorreu nos dias 7 e 8 de julho de 2017, no Centro Universitário Metodista – IPA, em Porto Alegre, no estado do Rio Grande do Sul, e teve por tema “Novas perspectivas em reabilitação, inclusão e saúde”, integrando-se, assim, às politicas nacionais de atenção integral em saúde propostas pelo Ministério da Saúde. Abordou-se nesta temática a atenção interdisciplinar na obesidade assim como as práticas integrativas voltadas a reabilitação, o evento contou ainda com oficinas que abordaram temas relacionados a pesquisa qualitativa e quantitativa.
IN VIVO STUDY ON ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF ALLIUM CEPA ON MICE TO EVALUATE THE ANTI-HYPERGLYCEMIC ACTIVITY
Authors: Nguyen-Vu Thanh-Huong
Published: April 2018

As diabetes and blood glucose concerns have been raising, other feasible treatments are now being conducted beside the conventional ones. There has been a shift to the consumption of naturally-derived medicines instead of chemically-derived ones due to novel tendency in medical treatment application. Allium cepa (A. Cepa), a familiar herb used in daily life as a spicy in cooking, was found to have anti-hyperglycemic activity. Extraction using various concentration of ethanol was done to assess the efficiency in total extraction. The 0o ethanol solvent (distilled water) was observed to give the highest efficiency in crude extraction. Total flavonoid and total phenolic content was measured. Although the efficiency in crude extraction of 96o ethanol is lower than those of other concentrations, it flavonoids-releasing and phenolics-releasing capacities are the greatest ones, which are 0.404 % and 11.129 % respectively. The IC50 values of 70o 80o, and90o ethanolic extract are far higher than that of the control. Then, normoglycemic test and glucose tolerance test were conducted to evaluate the anti-hyperglycemic effect of the A. cepa ’s extract. While the normoglycemic test came up with no significant changes on blood glucose levels of the normoglycemic mice, the glucose tolerance test pointed out the extract’s dosage of 4 mg/kg b.w could considerably reduce blood glucose level of oral-glucose-loading mice compared to negative control administering saline water and positive control administering Metformin and Amaryl. Eventually, since the study partially confirmed the anti-hyperglycemic activity of A. cepa ’s extract, further investigations are recommended.
COVER, Vol. 55, N. 6A (2017)
Authors: 1 COVER Bìa
Published: April 2018

COVER, Vol. 55, N. 6A (2017)
A vibração dos corpos: notas sobre uma teoria umbandista do intercâmbio mediúnico-energético
Authors: Brito Lucas Gonçalves
Published: April 2018

Resumo Por meio de pesquisa etnográfica, este estudo registrou o conceito nativo do fenômeno mediúnico como transmissão de vibrações entre seres intangíveis e pessoas encarnadas. Primeiramente, apresento a noção quântica de vibração com que se explica o conceito dos sete corpos da pessoa. Em seguida, argumento que a técnica do processo mediúnico, através do qual as pessoas corporificam e materializam o sagrado, faz também com que elas próprias transformem-se em media. A relevância teórica da formulação para o estudo da materialidade nas religiões mediúnicas é evidenciada na mesma medida em que a pessoa-médium torna-se aparelho mediúnico e instrumento tecnológico. Por fim, conclui-se que essa teoria umbandista configura a concepção de “incorporação” de modo bastante diverso da ideia que o termo evoca.
Sexo/prazer no Islam é devoção
Authors: Barbosa Francirosy Campos , Paiva Camila Motta
Published: April 2018

Resumo Este artigo aborda a sexualidade e o prazer no Islam na perspectiva de mulheres muçulmanas casadas, sejam elas nascidas ou revertidas à religião e que usam o hijab, lenço islâmico. No Islam, a sexualidade é considerada lícita após o casamento religioso. Há várias prescrições para o ato sexual, sendo o prazer sexual um direito também feminino e não apenas para procriação.
Access to public spaces and physical activity for Mexican adult women
Authors: Bojorquez Ietza , Ojeda-Revah Lina , Diaz Rolando
Published: April 2018

The aim of this article was to explore the association between access to public spaces and physical activity for adult women, controlling and testing interactions with sociodemographic and public spaces characteristics. We combined sociodemographic data from a survey with the adult (18-65 years of age) women population of Tijuana, Mexico, conducted in 2014 (N = 2,345); with data from a 2013 study on public spaces in the same city. We evaluated access to public spaces by the presence and total area of public spaces in buffers of 400, 800, 1,000 and 1,600m around the participants’ homes. We measured physical activity with the short version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ-short). We employed multinomial logistic models to evaluate the association between access to public spaces and physical activity, and tested for interactions between access to public spaces and public spaces quality and sociodemographic characteristics. We observed no interaction between access to public spaces and public spaces quality in their effect on physical activity. There was an association between the presence of public spaces in the 400m buffer, and higher odds of being in the low physical activity level (as opposed to being in the moderate level) (coefficient: 0.50; 95%CI: 0.13; 0.87). Participants who used public transport were less likely to be in the low physical activity level (coefficient: -0.57; 95%CI: -0.97; -0.17). We suggest that, in this population, the access to public spaces might be less relevant for physical activity than other elements of the urban environment and sociodemographic characteristics.
A framework to assess management performance in district health systems: a qualitative and quantitative case study in Iran
Authors: Tabrizi Jafar Sadegh , Gholipour Kamal , Iezadi Shabnam , Farahbakhsh Mostafa , Ghiasi Akbar
Published: April 2018

The aim was to design a district health management performance framework for Iran’s healthcare system. The mixed-method study was conducted between September 2015 and May 2016 in Tabriz, Iran. In this study, the indicators of district health management performance were obtained by analyzing the 45 semi-structured surveys of experts in the public health system. Content validity of performance indicators which were generated in qualitative part were reviewed and confirmed based on content validity index (CVI). Also content validity ratio (CVR) was calculated using data acquired from a survey of 21 experts in quantitative part. The result of this study indicated that, initially, 81 indicators were considered in framework of district health management performance and, at the end, 53 indicators were validated and confirmed. These indicators were classified in 11 categories which include: human resources and organizational creativity, management and leadership, rules and ethics, planning and evaluation, district managing, health resources management and economics, community participation, quality improvement, research in health system, health information management, epidemiology and situation analysis. The designed framework model can be used to assess the district health management and facilitates performance improvement at the district level.
Effect of pigeon pea intercropping or shading with leucaena plants on the occurrence of the coffee leaf miner and on its predation by wasps in organic coffee plantings
Authors: Hoshino Adriano Thibes , Bortolotto Orcial Ceolin , Hata Fernando Teruhiko , Ventura Mauricio Ursi , Menezes Júnior Ayres de Oliveira
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACT: The infestation of coffee leaf miner and its predation by wasps were assessed in commercial organic coffee plantings shaded with leucaena or intercropped with pigeon pea. Plantings in northern Paraná were assessed every two weeks from June 2011 to December 2012. The percent of infested leaves, number of mines per leaf and the percent of predation by wasps (indicated by lacerations) were determined. Fewer coffee leaf miners and fewer mines per leaf were found in pigeon pea intercropped plantings (28.4% and 0.3, respectively) than in shaded plantings with leucaena (48.1% and 0.8, respectively). More predation by wasps was found in the shaded (27.2%) than in the intercropped (13.2%) plantings. Suggestions for new studies are presented along with suggestions for managing the leaf miner in coffee plantings.
A relação entre competências para inovar e competitividade na indústria de eletromédicos no Brasil
Authors: Marques Alexandre Barbosa , Antunes Adelaide Maria de Souza , Alves Flavia Chaves , Maldonado José Manuel Santos de Varge
Published: April 2018

Resumo Este artigo objetiva investigar a existência de relação causal entre as competências para inovar e a competitividade dos fabricantes de equipamentos eletromédicos instalados no Brasil. Foi realizada uma survey em 2015 junto a 34 empresas, cujos dados foram analisados quantitativa e qualitativamente. As competências para inovar foram abordadas segundo duas perspectivas. Na primeira, a capacidade de seguir, prever e agir sobre a evolução dos mercados foi a mais desenvolvida, enquanto a capacidade de vender os novos produtos, a menos desenvolvida. Na segunda, as competências técnicas mostraram-se mais desenvolvidas que as relacionais e organizacionais. Em relação à competitividade isoladamente, menos da metade dos respondentes apresentou melhoria em pelo menos um dos sete indicadores avaliados. Aplicando-se o Teste de Correlação Posto-Ordem de Spearman, não foi encontrada correlação estatística entre as duas variáveis. Ficou entendido que, na amostra estudada, a competitividade das empresas é mais associada ao desempenho comercial, por sua vez afetado pela capacidade de atender aos requisitos regulatórios.
Excesso de peso e fatores associados em quilomboras do médio São Francisco baiano, Brasil
Authors: Mussi Ricardo Franklin de Freitas , Queiroz Bruno Morbeck de , Petróski Edio Luiz
Published: April 2018

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é analisar a prevalência do excesso de peso e os fatores associados em adultos de comunidade quilombola do médio São Francisco baiano. Estudo transversal com amostra de 112 adultos. O excesso de peso foi avaliado pelo índice de massa corporal (IMC). A regressão linear foi usada para testar as associações, conforme modelo hierárquico de análise. A prevalência de excesso de peso foi de 27,7% (Intervalo de Confiança de 95% - IC95%: 19,3;36,1), com IMC médio de 23,1(± 3,8) Kg/m2, na análise múltipla permaneceram associados (p < 0,05) o sexo feminino, autoavaliação negativa de saúde e aumento da pressão arterial média (R2 ajustado 0,326). O aumento do IMC entre os quilombolas se associou com sexo feminino, autoavaliação negativa de saúde e maiores níveis pressóricos médios.
Exposição a fluoreto por crianças na faixa etária crítica para fluorose dentária, residentes no semiárido brasileiro
Authors: Lima-Arsati Ynara Bosco de Oliveira , Gomes Anna Rúbia Lobo Ferreira , Santos Hemilly Karol Andrade , Arsati Franco , Oliveira Márcio Campos , Freitas Valéria Souza
Published: April 2018

Resumo Há uma preocupação com o aumento da prevalência de fluorose dentária, que depende da dose de fluoreto (F) a que as crianças são submetidas durante a formação dos dentes. A temperatura ambiental afeta a ingestão de água e, portanto, seria importante avaliar se as crianças que vivem em uma região de clima semiárido estão expostas a uma dose excessiva de F. Assim, o objetivo do presente estudo foi determinar a dose total de F a que as crianças são expostas durante a idade crítica para a fluorose dentária, tendo dieta (água e alimentos) e dentifrício como fontes de F, em uma região de clima semiárido no Brasil. Metodologia: foram selecionadas 26 crianças com idade de 25,2 ± 9,1 meses, residentes em Feira de Santana-BA. Foram coletadas amostras de dieta-duplicada, água, produtos de escovação e dentifrícios. A concentração de F foi determinada após o devido preparo das amostras, utilizando um eletrodo específico. Resultados: a média e o desvio padrão de dose (mg F / kg / dia) em função da dieta, dentifrício e total foram, respectivamente: 0,016 ± 0,010; 0,030 ± 0,039 e 0,047 ± 0,043. Conclusões: as crianças avaliadas, residentes em uma região de clima semiárido, não estão expostas a uma dose de risco de fluorose dentária.
Percepção sobre queda e exposição de idosos a fatores de risco domiciliares
Authors: Chehuen Neto José Antonio , Braga Nícolas Augusto Coelho , Brum Igor Vilela , Gomes Gislaine Fernandes , Tavares Paula Liziero , Silva Rafael Teixeira Costa , Freire Mariana Rodarte , Ferreira Renato Erothildes
Published: April 2018

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é descrever a percepção sobre quedas dos idosos residentes na comunidade; mensurar a exposição desses indivíduos a fatores de risco domiciliares relacionados; e avaliar a influência do conhecimento sobre queda na adoção de medidas preventivas. O questionário FRAQ-Brasil foi aplicado a 473 idosos, juntamente com um questionário sobre exposição a 20 fatores de risco domiciliares. Associações entre as variáveis foram analisadas utilizando o teste qui-quadrado com intervalo de confiança de 95%. A idade variou de 60 a 95 anos, com média de 70,6 anos; os entrevistados foram principalmente do sexo feminino (58,4%), e renda de 2 salários mínimos (46,3%); a média de acertos no questionário FRAQ-Brasil foi de 19,5 em até 32 pontos e os idosos entrevistados estavam expostos, em média, a 7,8 fatores de risco domiciliares; 180 idosos disseram já terem recebido informações sobre queda. A maioria da população idosa apresenta pouco conhecimento sobre queda. Indivíduos com idade mais avançada e com maior conhecimento sobre queda estão expostos a menos fatores de risco domiciliares, possivelmente pela maior adoção de medidas preventivas através da modificação do ambiente doméstico.
Internação e mortalidade por quedas em idosos no Brasil: análise de tendência
Authors: Abreu Débora Regina de Oliveira Moura , Novaes Elisiane Soares , Oliveira Rosana Rosseto de , Mathias Thais Aidar de Freitas , Marcon Sonia Silva
Published: April 2018

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é analisar a tendência da morbimortalidade por quedas em idosos, no Brasil, no período de 1996 a 2012. Estudo ecológico da tendência das taxas de internação e de mortalidade por quedas em idosos segundo sexo, por regiões brasileiras e capitais dos estados, com dados do Sistema de Informações Hospitalares do Sistema Único de Saúde (SIH-SUS) e do Sistema de Informação sobre Mortalidade (SIM). As análises de tendência foram realizadas segundo modelos de regressão polinomial. As taxas de mortalidade aumentaram em todas regiões e nas capitais dos estados, para as internações houve variação da tendência das taxas nas regiões e nas capitais do país. As taxas variaram de 2,58 a 41,37 internações por 10.000 idosos em 1996 e 2012, respectivamente, e as taxas de mortalidade aumentaram de 1,25, em 1996, a 3,75, em 2012, por 10.000 idosos. Em todo o período, as maiores taxas de mortalidade foram observadas para o sexo masculino. Houve aumento das taxas de mortalidade e de internação por quedas em idosos no Brasil, com variações em relação ao sexo, e também segundo Estado de residência. Os resultados deste estudo além de monitorar o agravo no tempo podem auxiliar ao planejamento de recursos tecnológicos e humanos para prevenção e controle deste agravo.
Orientações sobre amamentação na atenção básica de saúde e associação com o aleitamento materno exclusivo
Authors: Alves Jessica de Souza , Oliveira Maria Inês Couto de , Rito Rosane Valéria Viana Fonseca
Published: April 2018

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é analisar a associação entre o recebimento de orientações sobre amamentação na atenção básica à saúde e o aleitamento materno exclusivo. Estudo transversal conduzido em 2013, mediante entrevista a 429 mães de crianças menores de seis meses, em unidades básicas da cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Razões de prevalência ajustadas do desfecho foram obtidas por regressão de Poisson, sendo mantidas no modelo final as variáveis associadas ao desfecho (p ≤ 0,05). A prevalência de aleitamento materno exclusivo foi de 50,1%. Na análise múltipla, a mãe receber orientação sobre aleitamento materno exclusivo na unidade básica se associou positivamente ao desfecho (RP =1,32). Associaram-se negativamente ao desfecho: renda materna < 1 salário mínimo (RP = 0,77), experiência prévia em amamentar por menos de 6 meses (RP = 0,73), não viver com companheiro (RP = 0,76), não amamentação exclusiva na alta hospitalar (RP = 0,78), consumo de bebida alcoólica (RP = 0,57), receber orientação sobre uso de bombas para ordenha das mamas (RP = 0,53), uso de chupeta (RP = 0,74) e idade crescente do bebê em meses (RP = 0,78). Ter recebido orientação sobre o aleitamento materno exclusivo contribuiu para o mesmo, enquanto orientações e práticas inadequadas se associaram a uma menor prevalência do desfecho.