bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EFFETS CONTRASTÉS DES PRÉLÈVEMENTS DE BOIS SUR LA VÉGÉTATION DE FORÊT SÈCHE EN ZONE FRONTALIÈRE DOMINICO-HAÏTIENNE : COMMENT LES INTERPRÉTER ?
Authors: May Thomas
Published: December 2017

En Haïti, le bois de feu et le charbon végétal sont des sources importantes d’énergie domestique, et le prélèvement de bois à des fins énergétiques repré- sente un facteur de dégradation de la forêt sèche, en plus du parcours d’ani- maux domestiques (chèvres et vaches). En République dominicaine limitrophe, tandis qu’il y a trois décennies la situa- tion était similaire, les conditions ont aujourd’hui changé et les forêts sèches montrent des signes de régénération. Dans l’extrême sud de la ligne de fron- tière entre les deux pays, près d’Anse- à-Pitre et Pedernales, l’opportunité se présente de comparer l’état de la forêt sèche des deux côtés, dans des condi- tions géologiques et climatiques très semblables. Notre étude montre que le couvert des individus arbustifs et arborés et la hauteur des arbres sont plus élevés en République dominicaine, tandis que le nombre d’individus multicaules issus de régénération végétative est plus élevé en Haïti. En général, la composition spé- cifique est similaire des deux côtés de la frontière, mais des différences significa- tives apparaissent dans les fréquences et les valeurs d’abondance-dominance. Acacia scleroxylon, Amyris elemifera, Bursera simarouba, Capparis ferruginea et Guaiacum sanctum sont plus fréquents en République dominicaine, et Acacia macracantha, Senna atomaria, Phyllosty- lon brasiliense et les deux cactacées Pilo- socereus polygonus et Opuntia sp. sont au contraire plus fréquents en Haïti. Ces différences sont imputables à l’autécolo- gie des espèces (ex. : capacité de colo- niser les terrains perturbés, capacité de régénération végétative) plutôt qu’à des préférences dans leur utilisation comme bois de feu ou de charbon.
PLANTING ROSEWOOD FOR SUSTAINABLE ESSENTIAL OIL PRODUCTION: INFLUENCE OF SURROUNDING FOREST AND SEED PROVENANCE ON TREE GROWTH AND ESSENTIAL OIL YIELDS
Authors: Amusant Nadine , Digeon Alexis , Descroix Laurent , Bruneau Olivier , Bezard Vincent , Beauchène Jacques
Published: December 2017

L’huile essentielle de bois de rose (Aniba rosaeodora Ducke) recherchée pour ses propriétés olfactives est un ingrédient majeur de la parfumerie de luxe. En raison d’une surexploitation ces dernières décen- nies, le bois de rose est désormais consi- déré comme une espèce en voie de dis- parition. Envisager de produire de l’huile essentielle à partir de plantations s’avère une alternative pertinente. Nous avons planté 605 arbres de bois de rose issus de graines de deux provenances de Guyane française sur une parcelle de 5 445 m². La plantation présente la particularité d’être entourée de forêt primaire. Après une période de 9 ans, nous avons évalué l’effet de la position de l’arbre par rap- port à la forêt environnante et de la prove- nance des graines sur les traits dendromé- triques (hauteur, circonférence, biomasse ligneuse) et le rendement en huile essen- tielle. Les arbres présentent une crois- sance moyenne enhauteurde 0,7 m/an, en circonférence de 2,5 cm/an, avec une pro- duction de biomasse aérienne de 990,5 kg de masse sèche/ha/an. Les rendements en huile essentielle varient entre 0,6 % et 3,6 %, avec une production moyenne de 2,1 %. La position de l’arbre par rapport à la forêt environnante est le principal fac- teur affectant la croissance des arbres et la production d’huile essentielle : les arbres situés en bordure de la forêt environnante sont significativement plus petits et accu- mulent moins d’huile essentielle du fait de l’influence de la disponibilité de lumière. La provenance des graines a peu d’in- fluence sur les caractéristiques dendro- métriques et le rendement en huile essen- tielle. En conclusion, la mise en place de plantations pourrait être un système opti- mal et économiquement avantageux si l’on vise la production d’huile essentielle mais il importe d’éviter leseffetsdebordliés à la proximité de la forêt
RÉGIME DE CHABLIS ET RÉGÉNÉRATION DES ARBRES DANS LA RÉSERVE DE BIOSPHÈRE D’IPASSA AU GABON
Authors: Obame Engone Jean Paul , Bélanger Louis , Assame Séraphin
Published: December 2017

La présente étude vise à caractériser le régime de perturbations par chablis de   la forêt d’Ipassa (Gabon) et à analyser les liens entre les types de chablis et la régénération des espèces d’arbres. Nous avons étudié le régime de perturbation par chablis dans un dispositif permanent de 38 ha. Le suivi annuel de nouveaux chablis a été mené durant cinq années entre 2005 et 2009. Nous avons égale- ment évalué la régénération naturelle des espèces d’arbres au sein des différents types de chablis. L’étude montre que la forêt d’Ipassa est principalement affectée par un gradient de chablis partiels et cha- blis élémentaires qui constituent  72  % du total de chablis recensés. Ces chablis ont annuellement occupé 1,3 % de la sur- face étudiée. La taille moyenne des cha- blis varie de 52 ± 13 m2 à 625 ± 220 m2, alors que la demi-vie est d’environ 53 ans. L’analyse des correspondances mul- tiples montre que la régénération de 47 espèces (25,7 %) est associée aux diffé- rents types de chablis. Douze espèces d’arbres héliophiles se régénèrent exclu- sivement dans les chablis multiples et complexes alors que la régénération de 35 espèces tolérantes à l’ombrage se pro- duit préférentiellement dans les chablis partiels et élémentaires. Cependant, plu- sieurs espèces d’arbres n’ont pas de liens manifestes avec les chablis. Cela suggère qu’en dehors des chablis, d’autres fac- teurs comme la limitation en dispersion agissent sur la régénération des espèces d’arbres.
DESTRUCTION OF FOREST AREAS AS A RESULT OF LOGGING AND HARVESTING IN AFRICAN OR AMERICAN DENSE TROPICAL RAINFORESTS
Authors: Estève Jean
Published: December 2017

Il est devenu habituel de lire dans les médias des articles accusant l’exploitation fores- tière d’être le moteur principal de la dispari- tion des forêts tropicales. Ce raccourci trom- peur est imputable à une méconnaissance des réalités forestières, d’une part, et à un amalgame entre l’exploitation forestière et le défrichement agricole, d’autre part. L’ob- jet de cet article rédigé par un praticien fami- lier du contexte forestier tropical était d’éva- luer l’impact de l’exploitation forestière sur les forêts denses tropicales humides, dans les deux continents africain et améri- cain. Par souci d’exactitude, les phases de l’exploitation ont été distinguées : installa- tion de la base vie, constitution du réseau routier de vidange des bois, réalisation des opérations d’exploitation proprement dites. Des scénarios ont été distingués en fonction de la richesse de la forêt, dont le volume ré- colté varie de 3 à 15 m3/ha. Ces estimations confirment que la destruction du couvert fo- restier demeure si faible qu’à l’exception de situations radicales l’exploitation forestière ne constitue pas une menace pour le main- tien durable des forêts tropicales. La mise en place des réseaux routiers et de pistes de débardage affecte de 4,5 à 5,5 % du couvert forestier. Les surfaces des trouées consé- cutives à l’abattage ne dépassent jamais 4 % du couvert, et restent inférieures à 2 % pour les forêts riches ou de richesse moyenne. L’exploitation forestière n’est donc direc- tement responsable que de la destruction de 5,5 à 8,5 % du couvert forestier. Dans le cas de forêts riches, des exploitations fores- tières successives peuvent certes atteindre 12 à 16 % du couvert forestier. Mais c’est alors sans compter sur la dynamique de reconstitution de la biomasse opérant natu- rellement entre deux séquences d’exploi- tation. En Asie du Sud-Est où l’exploitation est plus intensive en raison d’un potentiel commercial très élevé, la reconstitution du couvert est acquise en 20 ans. Si la valeur économique d’une forêt dense tropicale humide diminue avec l’exploitation, ses va- leurs biologique et écologique restent quant à elles sensiblement intactes.
LA QUESTION DE L'IMPACT DES PISTES D'EXPLOITATION FORESTIÈRE
Authors: Tassin Jacques
Published: December 2017

Dans le langage commun, les pistes forestières sont syno- nymes de fragmentation, de couloirs d’accès aux popula- tions humaines ou aux espèces invasives, voire plus sim- plement d’atteintes à l’intégrité de zones restées jusque-là à peu près intactes. Est-ce si simple cependant ? De quoi sont directement responsables les pistes forestières en milieu tropical ? Et leurs impacts demeurent-ils réellement irréversibles ? Dans ce numéro 328 de Bois et Forêts des Tro- piques, nous proposons deux articles de synthèse qui, sans prétendre faire le tour de telles questions, apportent toute- fois de très intéressants éléments de réponse...
ECOLOGICAL DIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION OF WILD EDIBLE FRUIT TREE SPECIES IN THE LAMA FOREST RESERVE IN BENIN
Authors: Agbahoungba Symphorien , Assogbadjo Achille Ephrem , Chadare Flora Josiane , Idohou Rodrigue , Salako Valère Kolawolé , Agoyi Eric Etchikinto , Glèlè Kakaï Romain Lucas
Published: December 2017

Une bonne connaissance des interac- tions entre les forêts et les communautés humaines voisines est  indispensable  à la gestion participative des ressources forestières. La présente étude s’est atta- ché à déterminer la diversité écologique des arbres sauvages à fruits comes- tibles (ASFC) dans la Réserve forestière de Lama, zone protégée  dans  le  sud  du Bénin, et à définir des stratégies de conservation adaptées. Un  inventaire des ASFC a été réalisé sur 53 placettes systématiquement délimitées dans des forêts denses typiques, de forêt dense dégradée et de jachère dans la Réserve forestière de Lama, ainsi qu’une enquête ethnobotanique auprès de 136 partici- pants. Les habitats des ASFC ont été iden- tifiés à partir d’une Analyse des Corres- pondances Simples sur les données de densité. Une  liste  d’especes prioritaires a été générée par la méthode des rangs composés : Dialium guineense, Diospy- ros mespiliformis, Drypetes floribunda, Mimusops andogensis et Pterocarpus santalinoides en forêt dense typique ; Pancovia bijuga, Psidium guajava et Lecaniodiscus cupanioides en forêt dense dégradée ; Ficus capensis et Spon- dias mombin dans les jachères. Contrai- rement aux autres essences, la densité moyenne de D. guineense, D. mespili- formis, D. floribunda, L. cupanioides et M. andongensis varie de manière signifi- cative (P < 0,01) selon les types de végé- tation. Les ASFC recensés sont principa- lement utilisés dans l’alimentation et la pharmacopée. Les essences à conserver en priorité sont P.  guajava, S. mombin, F. capensis, P. santalinoides et P. bijuga. Des efforts de protection renforcés sont nécessaires en forêt dense dégradée et dans les zones de jachère pour assurer la conservation de ces essences. D’autre part, il convient d’intégrer les ASFC prio- ritaires dans des programmes de planta- tion afin de réduire la pression des com- munautés humaines voisines.
To Fit Fermi’s Weak Coupling Constant with Three Gravitational Constants
Authors: Seshavatharam U. V. Satya , Lakshminarayana S.
Published: December 2017

By considering three virtual gravitational constants assumed to be associated with gravitational, electromagnetic and strong interactions, Fermi’s weak coupling constant can be shown to be a natural manifestation of microscopic quantum gravity. As our approach is heuristic and completely different from the current methods of estimating the Newtonian gravitational constant, with reference to the call of ‘Ideas lab 2016’ organized by NSF, we appeal for inclusion of this theoretical work as a project under unification scheme.
Does Irisin Link Physical Exercise with Alzheimer’s Disease?
Authors: Sumsuzzman Dewan Md. , Jin Yunho , Hong Yonggeun
Published: December 2017

The skeletal muscle-secreted myokine irisin, which is produced in response to physical exercise, has several protective functions both in the central and peripheral nervous systems, including regulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor, modification of telomere length, inhibition of the endoplasmic reticulum stress response, and anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects that may be of benefit in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The present review is based on the hypothesis that irisin connects physical exercise with AD progression. We herein describe current knowledge of the physiology of irisin and its potential role in AD. We conclude that, although current and ongoing research on irisin is very promising, further research is required to clarify its potential as a meaningful target for drugs to treat human diseases.
Functional Outcomes of the Ream-and-Run Shoulder Arthroplasty
Authors: Somerson Jeremy S. , Matsen Frederick A.
Published: December 2017

We previously reported the results at an average of 4.5 years after treatment of 176 patients with the ream-and-run arthroplasty. In the present study, we present the patient self-reported functional outcomes and clinical implant survival of the original cohort at a mean of 10 years (range, 5 to 16 years). Twenty-eight (16%) of the 176 patients had a subsequent procedure, 11 (6%) died, and 30 (17%) had <5 years of follow-up. The Simple Shoulder Test (SST) score at the time of the latest follow-up was a median of 11 points (interquartile range, 9 to 12 points) and a mean (and standard deviation) of 10 ± 2.6 points, out of a possible 12 points. The present study demonstrates that the improvement in function and comfort derived from the ream-and-run procedure can be sustained at the time of mid-term follow-up.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Direct Anterior Hip Replacement Does Not Pose Undue Radiation Exposure Risk to the Patient or Surgeon
Authors: McNabb David Clinton , Jennings Jason M. , Levy Daniel L. , Miner Todd M. , Yang Charlie C. , Kim Raymond H.
Published: December 2017

Background:

The fluoroscopically assisted direct anterior approach for total hip arthroplasty has gained interest in recent years. One of the perceived advantages is the use of fluoroscopy to aid in the positioning of implants. The purpose of this study was to measure the radiation entrance surface dose to anatomically important areas of both patients and surgeons during direct anterior approach total hip arthroplasty.

Methods:

Radiation dosimetry badges were placed at the sternal notch and pubic symphysis of 50 patients undergoing direct anterior approach total hip arthroplasty. Badges were also placed on the surgeons outside of their lead aprons at the level of the thyroid. Three fellowship-trained arthroplasty surgeons were involved in the study. Radiation exposure of each badge was measured after each case (surgeon and patient). The cumulative dose was also calculated for the surgeons. To limit surgeon bias during the study, 50 consecutive direct anterior approach total hip arthroplasties that occurred prior to this study were analyzed for total fluoroscopic dose and time and served as a control group.

Results:

Forty-five subjects met study criteria. In the study group, 1 patient had a detectable thyroid exposure equal to 1 mrem. Seven patients had a detectable radiation entrance surface dose at the pubic symphysis (range, 1 to 7 mrem). No radiation entrance surface dose was detectable in the remaining 44 patients at the sternal notch and 38 patients at the pubic symphysis. Surgeons in the study did not experience a detectable radiation entrance surface dose. The mean fluoroscopic time was 13.72 seconds (range, 6.7 to 28.7 seconds). The mean patient radiation exposure was 178 mrem (range, 54 to 526 mrem).

Conclusions:

This study demonstrates that during direct anterior approach total hip arthroplasty, the mean patient entrance surface dose at the pubic symphysis and the sternal notch is not detectable in most patients. The mean patient exposure in this study during direct anterior approach total hip arthroplasty was 178 mrem, which is less than a single pelvic radiograph (600 mrem). No surgeon in our study demonstrated a detectable radiation entrance surface dose. Our data suggest that direct anterior approach total hip arthroplasty typically results in a negligible or very low dose of absorbed radiation exposure to the patient and the surgeon.

Clinical Relevance:

We believe this study to have clinical relevance because both patients and surgeons have evidence that utilization of fluoroscopy during direct anterior total hip replacement places both parties at a relatively low radiation exposure risk.
Medical Issues in Playing the Oboe: A Literature Review
Authors: Banzhoff Sofia , del Mar Ropero Maria , Menzel Gabriele , Salmen Tatjana , Gross Manfred , Caffier Philipp P
Published: December 2017

Playing a musical instrument can affect physical and mental health. A literature review was conducted to determine the prevalence of health problems among oboists, which medical conditions can be caused or exacerbated by playing, whether oboe playing can be a protective factor, and
whether recommendations are possible as to who should or should not play the oboe. Searches in 7 databases (Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, SocIndex, PsyIndex, Psychinfo) yielded a total of 950 studies; after exclusion of duplicates and those not meeting eligibility criteria,
37 articles were selected for final analysis. In addition, Google Scholar and a musicology library served as additional sources, revealing another 6 publications for inclusion. As a result, some evidence was found for musculoskeletal problems, focal dystonia, stress velopharyngeal incompetence,
increased intraocular pressure and glaucoma, gastroesophageal reflux disease, lower pulmonary function, disease transmission via instruments, and hearing loss due to noise exposure. Playing the oboe may be protective against obstructive sleep apnea. However, due to small sample sizes, uncertain
reproducibility of findings, and lack of accurate descriptions of problems reported by oboists, far more evidence would be necessary to answer the research questions conclusively. There was no evidence for causal relationships, and thus no recommendations can be made regarding who should (not)
play the oboe. To improve the quality of medical care for these musicians and to implement prevention strategies, future investigations with more in-depth instrument-specific analyses and higher numbers of participants are needed.
ANÁLISE DOS RESULTADOS DA APLICAÇÃO DE PRÁTICAS GERENCIAIS NA LOGÍSTICA DE ESTOQUE DE UMA FARMÁCIA HOSPITALAR
Authors: Silva Priscila Lima , Castilho Selma Rodrigues de , Ferraz Carla Valéria Vieira Guilarducci
Published: December 2017

O presente estudo propôs como objetivo aplicar e monitorar os resultados de indicadores gerenciais na rotina de uma farmácia hospitalar de um hospital privado de Minas Gerais. O trabalho constitui um estudo de caso envolvendo o uso de indicadores de gestão (cobertura de estoque, compras de urgência, compras de não padronizados, perdas e devolução), para elaboração de plano de ação e monitoramento de resultados na logística de medicamentos e materiais médico-hospitalares. A coleta de dados foi realizada pelo próprio pesquisador no período de janeiro a dezembro de 2014. Observou-se que os indicadores de cobertura de estoque, compras de urgência, compras de não padronizados e perdas apresentaram no ano de 2014 uma redução significativa em relação ao ano de 2013, entretanto o índice de devolução demonstrou um aumento em relação ao mesmo período. Através da aplicação dos indicadores gerenciais e análises realizadas no local, conseguiu-se elaborar e propor melhorias dentro da realidade do cenário já existente. Constatou-se também que alguns pontos críticos como o processo de devolução, necessitam de uma intervenção mais abrangente para que possa atingir os índices esperados.
AVALIAÇÃO DA MATURIDADE DE PROCESSOS: CONTRIBUIÇÃO PARA A MELHORIA CONTÍNUA DA CADEIA DE VALOR EM UM HOSPITAL PÚBLICO DE MINAS GERAIS
Authors: De Oliveira Leila Ribeiro , Camilo Ronaldo Darwich , Silva Jersone Tasso Moreira , Monteiro Plinio Rafael Reis
Published: December 2017

A busca pela melhoria contínua na condução de atividades tem feito com que as organizações adotem cada vez mais modelos de gestão por processos e, consequentemente, modelos para avaliar a maturidade organizacional. Em hospitais, a busca pela melhoria em seus processos não é diferente. O objetivo principal da pesquisa foi analisar a validade de uma nova abordagem de avaliação para a melhoria de processos organizacionais. Os resultados obtidos apontaram que o novo modelo proposto na pesquisa, denominado como Process Maturity Model Extended (PMME) mostrou-se válido e aplicável à avaliação de macroprocessos de uma cadeia de valor, com externalização do conhecimento de processos, realizada pelos próprios executores e responsáveis.
A Newly Synthetized Ferrocenyl Derivative Selectively Induces Apoptosis in ALL Lymphocytes through Mitochondrial Estrogen Receptors
Authors: Aghvami Marjan , Pourahmad Jalal , Zarghi Afshin , Eshghi Peyman , Zarei Mohammad H. , Farzaneh Shabnam , Sattari Fatemeh
Published: December 2017

Background:

Estrogens, as the main female steroid hormones have multiple proven effects on reproductive
and non- reproductive systems. Expression of ERα and ERβ, two dominant estrogen receptors, in peripheral
blood mononuclear cells in certain B-cell malignancies and the existence of estrogens receptors on
mitochondria is open to question that estrogen likely has an impact on the cancerous lymphocytes life span.
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) is the frequent pediatric malignity which is recurrent and hardly curable
in many cases. The malignant cells are generally resistant to apoptosis caused the severe lymphocytes accumulation
in the peripheral blood.

Methods:

By focusing on mitochondria as a life/death center of the cell; in the current research we compared
cytotoxicity effects of a new ferrocenyl derivative with raloxifene as well-known SERMs considering the apoptotic
process and survival of cancerous lymphocytes.

Results:

We demonstrated that both ferrocenyl derivative and raloxifene could cause mitochondrial lesion and
initiate the apoptosis process by caspase activation and cytochrome c release.

Conclusion:

In brief, the ferrocenyl derivative could induce estrogen-related selective apoptosis on cancerous
lymphocytes by affecting mitochondrial receptors.
Effects on Sperms’ Quality of Selegiline in Aged Rats
Authors: Kalász Huba , Thuróczy Julianna , Karvaly Gellért , Balogh Lajos , Gyertyán István , Tóth-Molnár Edit , Adeghate Ernest , Tekes Kornélia
Published: December 2017

Background:

Selegiline is used to treat Parkinsonian patients. Other indications of its use have recently been discovered.

Objective:

Scouting special and beneficial side effects of selegiline treatment.

Method:

Two-year old male Wistar rats were daily treated with 0.25 mg/kg of selegiline s.c. (subcutaneous injection). The rats were sacrificed following a four-weeks’ treatment.

Results:

Mass of testes, number of sperms, progressive motility of sperms, and their viability definitely increased.

Conclusion:

Selegiline can successfully be used to stop/counterbalance certain symptoms of aging.
Experimental Investigation of Polyvinylpyrrolidone for Application as a Demulsifier for Water-in-Oil Emulsion
Authors: Mohyaldinn Mysara Eissa , Rammudo Logeswuran , Ayoub Muhammad
Published: December 2017

Introduction:

Emulsification of produced immiscible mixed liquid of oil and water is a problem frequently recognized in surface production facilities in oil fields. The formed emulsions are required to be demulsified to avoid the negative consequences on piping and processing equipment. Nowadays, chemical demulsification is a preferable method to avoid or retard emulsification during the process of oil treatment.

Materials and Methods:

In the present study, Polyvinylpyrrolidone, poly-[1-(2-oxo-1-pyrrolidinyl)-ethylene] has been experimentally investigated as a chemical demulsifier for water-in-oil emulsion formulated by mixing a crude oil with synthesized oilfield produced water. Oilfield brines were synthesized by dissolving NaCl in deionized water to obtain salinity similar to the oilfield produced water. The sample of water-oil emulsion was prepared by agitation process at the condition of controlled rpm speed, ambient temperature and concentration of emulsifying agent. Stability of the emulsion was investigated using Turbiscan MA 2000 instrument.

Results:

The efficiency of the demulsification was screened using Bottle Test. It has been found that Polyvinylpyrrolidone, poly-[1-(2-oxo-1-pyrrolidinyl)-ethylene] accelerates the separation of the emulsion as compared to blank ones (with no addition of PVP). A maximum demulsification performance of the PVP was observed at an optimum concentration of 60 ppm.
Sri Lanka: State of Research on Democracy
Authors: Uyangoda Jayadeva
Published: December 2017

In Sri Lanka's political science research, the body of work directly on the theme of democracy is somewhat thin. The survey and studies on the 'State of Democracy and Human Security', carried out by the Social Scientists Association (SSA) in 2004-2005 is the main research effort made directly in the field of democracy studies. This was a part of a larger South Asian study. The report on the State of Democracy in South Asia is now published by the Oxford University Press, India. Nevertheless, in the wide body of scholarly literature on political and social change in the post-colonial Sri Lanka written by political scientists, historians, sociologists and anthropologists, themes with direct relevance to democracy studies have constituted a subject of continuing interest.This paper has two main parts. In the first part, it presents a survey of the major themes that have constitued the broadly social science research that are useful to place the problematic of democracy in a new research agenda. In the second, the paper suggests a few possible areas of new research on the theme of democracy.
Introduction Research-based Democracy Promotion: Lessons from Indonesia
Authors: Törnquist Olle
Published: December 2017

This article summarises and reflects a more extensive analysis about the experiences of attemps to develop and apply analytical tools to comprehend the transformation of Indonesian democracy over 15 years. Such attempts can be retrospectively classified into four phases: (1) conducted in the mid-1990s to the fall of Soeharto in May 1998 by focusing on the anti-Soeharto democracy actors; (2) participatory case studies of the post-Soeharto democracy movement; (3) the development of an alternative framework for national surveys of the problems and options of democratisation from below that began in 2003; (4) institutionalisation of the previous surveys and case studies of power and democracy. These prolonged experiences have opened up the possibilities for academics and practitioners to develop and apply an alternative framework for a less elitist and more inclusive model of democracy in Indonesia.
Bringing the Power Back in: Insight into the Puzzle of Indonesian Decentralisation Reform
Authors: Hidayat Syarif
Published: December 2017

This paper attempts to review the features of power relationship between central and local governments in Indonesia since the early independence up to the post Suharto regime. Its central aims are to cast light on the issue of why Indonesia thought that decentralisation is necessary; and how the controversy between the so-called ideological vs technical orientation has emerged since the very beginning (early independent). Overall, I would like to argue that even though the answer to the question of whether the Indonesian decentralisation and regional autonomy policies have actually managed to save the nation-state is still contested, the introduction of both concept and policy reforms in the post Suharto's period have, to some extent, reduced the region dissatisfaction upon the centre, and have opened up the political space for citizen participation in policy making process, and in governing their own communities. What the Indonesia should do in the near future is to put decentralisation on the right track and to prevent that of on-going democratic decentralisation process from the central government desire "to bring the centralised power back in".
Civic Engagement and Democracy in Post-Suharto Indonesia: A Review of Musrenbang, the Kecamatan Development Programme, and Labour Organising
Authors: Sindre Gyda Marås
Published: December 2017

Drawing attention to the wider literature on the linkages between civic engagement and democracy, this paper starts off by asking the question whether civic engagement beyond formal politics actually serves to strengthen democracy in Indonesia. Noting a contradiction between the literature that proposes that high associational density fosters democracy and recent analysis that highlights that political opportunity structures in Indonesia are unfavourable to popular representation and participation, the paper draws attention to a largely underexplored field within Indonesian democracy studies, namely that of mobilisation and participation by marginalised groups. The paper discusses and analyses strategies for bottom-up mobilisation, specifically the development planning programmes of Musrenbang, the Kecamatan Development Programme (KDP), and Indonesian labour organising. The analysis focuses on the democratising aspects of these sectors, arguing that participation and mobilisation lacks the necessary popular foundations as well as organisational capacities that are necessary for participatory institutions to effectively enhance democracy. The paper thereby hints that associational density in and of itself is a poor indicator for democracy, especially in relation to democratic consolidation in new democracies.
Cross-Cultural Learning for Securing Decentralisation and Democratisation: Assessing Indonesia's Response to Globalisation
Authors: Santoso Purwo
Published: December 2017

Drawn by globalization, Indonesia's governance has been transformed into a more decentralised and democratically shaped one in the pas decade. Given the scale of the challenges, its achievement deserves admiration. Yet, the remaining challenges, namely to ensure that decentralised democratic governance remains culturally deep-seated in Indonesia politics is enormous. The stage of the transformation has hardly reached the fundamentally required cultural change due to the lack of cultural understanding within the process of transformation. Since democratisation and decentralisation are, essentially, forms of cultural engagement of global political-economic powers, the article proposes to reframe those two processes as the kings of cultural transformation. Analysing along this line of thought allows us to uncover the fact of the stubborn obstacle that Indonesia has been facing to reconcile the intangible, yet, continuously-embedded clashes of sub-cultures. A kind of cross-cultural learning strategy is important for Indonesia to secure that agenda.
Pakistan: Civil-Military Relations in a Post-Colonial State
Authors: Husain Ejaz
Published: December 2017

This article has attempted to explain why the military has remained a powerful political institution/force in Pakistan. Its purpose was to test a hypothesis that posited that the colonial authority structure and the 1947 partition-oriented structural dynamics provided an important structural construct in explaining politics and the military in post-colonial Pakistan. To explain and analyse the problem, the study used books, journals, newspapers and government documents for quantitative/explanatory analysis. The analysis has focused on the military in the colonial authority structure in which the former, along with the civil bureaucracy and the landed-feudal class, formed an alliance to pursue politico-economic interests in British India. The article has also explained and analysed the partition-oriented structural dynamics in terms of territory (Kashmir) and population (Indian refugees). The findings proved that these 'structural dynamics' have affected politics and the military in Pakistan. The theoretical framework in terms of 'praetorian oligarchy' has been applied to structurally explain colonial politics ad well as politics and the military in Pakistan. The study treated Pakistan as a praetorian state which structurally inherited the pre-partition 'praetorian oligarchy'. This praetorian oligarchy constructed 'Hindu India' as the enemy to pursue politico-economic interests. The military, a part of praetorian oligarchy, emerged from this as a powerful political actor due to its coercive power. It has sought political power to pursue economic objectives independently.
La serialidad narrativa como estrategia editorial: la colección brasileña “Literatura ou Morte”
Authors: Vizcarra Héctor Fernando
Published: December 2017

Dentro de los estudios sobre la  serialidad narrativa, de muy reciente atención en la academia latinoamericana, son pocos los trabajos que se enfocan en series creadas por distintos autores. Este artículo, inserto en esa línea, examina los mecanismos de conformación de una serie encomendada desde la industria editorial. Para ello se toman como base algunas de las novelas de la colección “Literatura ou Morte”, creada en el año 2000 por la editorial brasileña Companhia das Letras, y caracterizada por el tipo de novelas requeridas: ficción de género policial protagonizada por escritores famosos (Borges, Bilac, Camus, Molière, Hemingway). Las instancias que cohesionan dicha colección, y que conforman el cuerpo del análisis, son la configuración de los espacios íntimos, la construcción nostálgica de distintas épocas y el diálogo literario interserial.
Isla
Authors: Daou Daniel , Pérez-Ramos Pablo
Published: December 2017

“Todo está conectado con todo” se ha vuelto inadvertidamente el eslogan de nuestros tiempos. Pero, ¿lo es realmente? Y de serlo, ¿es ésta una condición deseable? El número más reciente de New
Geographies estudia la dimensión geofilosófica del concepto de bordes y propone nuevos límites ara la metáfora universal de la isla al sugerir un punto de partida para un universalismo revitalizado. Esto con el objetivo de reafirmar la agencia del diseño en un mundo interconectado, donde los bordes entre las esferas de la vida pública y privada se desdibujan, las fronteras nacionales se reafirman y los límites naturales se perciben más cercanos que nunca en la historia geológica del planeta.

 

Este texto es una traducción y adaptación de la nota editorial de Daniel Daou y Pablo Pérez-Ramos para la revista New Geographies 8: Island (noviembre de 2016); 6-41.
Casa estudio Max Cetto
Authors: Pacheco Meléndez Marcelino
Published: December 2017

Max Cetto llegó a México en 1939. Sus primeras colaboraciones
fueron con José Villagrán García, Jorge Rubio y Luis Barragán, este último lo invitó en 1948 a trabajar en las primeras propuestas arquitectónicas de Jardines del Pedregal: la casa Prieto López y las casas muestra.
En paralelo, Cetto comenzó –desde 1948– a imaginar su propia casa en el inhóspito y deshabitado paisaje. En 1949 se mudó a la que sería la primera casa del Pedregal, ubicada en la calle de Agua 130
LAGUERRE-GAUSS FILTERS IN REVERSE TIME MIGRATION IMAGE RECONSTRUCTION
Authors: Castrillón Juan Guillermo Paniagua , Montoya Olga Lucia Quintero , Sierra-Sosa Daniel
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACT. Reverse time migration (RTM) solves the acoustic or elastic wave equation by means of the extrapolation from source and receiver wavefield in time. A migrated image is obtained by applying a criteria known as imaging condition. The cross-correlation between source and receiver wavefields is the commonly used imaging condition. However, this imaging condition produces...Keywords: Laguerre-Gauss transform, zero-lag cross-correlation, seismic migration, imaging condition. RESUMO. A migração reversa no tempo (RTM) resolve a equação de onda acústica ou elástica por meio da extrapolação a partir do campo de onda da fonte e do receptor no tempo. Uma imagem migrada é obtida aplicando um critério conhecido como condição de imagem. A correlação cruzada entre campos de onda de fonte e receptor é a condição de imagem comumente usada. No entanto, esta condição de imagem...Palavras-chave: Transformação de Laguerre-Gauss, correlação cruzada atraso zero, migração sísmica, condição de imagem.
‘I believe in humanity’
Authors: Silva Ronc Alejandra Carolina
Published: December 2017

“Education as it always should have been”. That was the motto of the summer school where I taught anthropology for a three-week programme aimed secondary school students. The implications of this slogan went far beyond cognitive goals, aiming at the very acquisition of socioemotional skills and, in my case, the transformation of our idea of humanity and our role within society as human beings. This paper will try to discuss some of the teaching experiences of this period to better understand the nature of an education for uncertain (but hopeful) times and the value of methodologies that address uncertainty as prelude for a personal and social growth.
Potential of indigenous lactobacilli as starter culture in dairy products
Authors: Bojanic-Rasovic Mirjana
Published: December 2017

Traditional production of fermented dairy products involves lactic acid
bacteria that are normally present in the milk and production environment.
These lactic acid bacteria represent the niche microbiota of the geographical
area and they are responsible for local types of fermented products. In order
to standardize indigenous products, the basic requirement is the application
of the determined indigenous lactic acid bacteria as starter cultures
affecting their specific characteristics by performing fermentation and
influencing the ripening process. In the process of cheese fermentation
usually participate bacteria of the genus Lactococcus and homofermentative
lactobacilli. However, the process ripening is influenced mainly by the
so-called nonstarter lactic acid bacteria - lactobacilli and secondary
microflora. Lactobacilli during ripening of cheese continue to breakdown the
rest of lactose, but they are primarily important in the process of protein
breakdown. During metabolism of sugars and amino acids, lactobacilli produce
aromatic compounds which have a positive effect on the flavor of the product.
Some species of lactobacilli are available as probiotics. Some lactobacilli
produce bacteriocins, which prevent the growth of pathogens, as well as many
spoilage microorganisms. Indigenous lactobacilli have application especially
in the production of typical local dairy products that are well accepted by
the local population. Besides that, the use of indigenous lactic acid
bacteria as starter cultures allows the production of cheese with designated
geographical origin that could be placed on the international market.
Consequently, indigenous lactic acid bacteria are a challenge for further
research and possible their practical application in the dairy industry.
Chemical profile of Taxodium distichum winter cones
Authors: Djapic Nina , Ristic Mihailo
Published: December 2017

This work is concerned with the chemical profile of Taxodium distichum winter
cones. The extract obtained after maceration in absolute ethanol was
subjected to qualitative analysis by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and
quantification was done by gas chromatography/ flame ionization detector. The
chromatogram revealed the presence of 53 compounds, of which 33 compounds
were identified. The extract contained oxygenated monoterpenes (12.42%),
sesquiterpenes (5.18%), oxygenated sesquiterpenes (17.41%), diterpenes
(1.15%), and oxygenated diterpenes (30.87%), while the amount of retinoic
acid was 0.32%. Monoacylglycerols were detected in the amount of 4.32%. The
most abundant compounds were: caryophyllene oxide (14.27%),
6,7-dehydro-ferruginol (12.49%), bornyl acetate (10.96%), 6- deoxy-taxodione
(9.50%) and trans-caryophyllene (4.20%).
Properties of water in oil emulsions (W/O) stabilized with mixtures of PGPR and polyglycerol fatty acid esters
Authors: Fraj Jadranka , Petrovic Lidija , Milinkovic Jelena , Katona Jaroslav , Bucko Sandra , Spasojevic Ljiljana
Published: December 2017

Water in oil (W/O) emulsions are dispersed systems which have very wide
application as a carriers in the food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industry
products. The main problem with practical application of such systems is
their low stability. The emulsifiers used to stabilize this type of emulsions
are with low hydrophilic-lipophilic balance values. The present work examines
the possibility of the application of mixtures of lipophilic emulsifiers
polyglycerol polyricinoleate (PGPR) and polyglycerol fatty acid esters for
stabilization of W/O emulsions. First of all, the adsorption properties of
the used emulsifiers were examined by tensiometic measurements. Based on
these results, two emulsifiers PGPR and decaglycerol decaoleate (Caprol
10G10O) were selected for the preparation of the emulsions, as well as their
mass ratios and total concentrations. The results of the investigation of the
emulsions properties (dispersion analysis and sedimentation stability) showed
that more stable emulsions can be obtained by decreasing the Caprol 10G10O
mass ratio and increasing the total concentration of emulsifiers.
The application of cleaning validation principles on dietary supplements production equipment
Authors: Korcok Davor , Trsic-Milanovic Nada
Published: December 2017

Cleaning validation for pharmaceutical production equipment is a documented
proof of the efficient cleaning, and one of prerequisites of good
manufacturing practice in medicine production. Successful validation confirms
the efficiency of the procedures of cleaning, washing, and disinfecting of
the manufacturing equipment, and records results of the chemical and
microbiological analyses, which are a prerequisite for a safe final dietary
product. The main goal of this study was to improve the cleaning process of
the production equipment by using cleaning validation procedures on the solid
form production line (capsules) in the Abela Pharm d.o.o. The validation
principles that are used in manufacturing of medicines can be applied to
determine more efficient cleaning methods that will ensure longer periods of
the status clean in the production of dietary supplements. The outcome is a
practical analysis of the production equipment in view of regulatory demands,
confirming that the cleaning validation measures ensure prevention of
unwanted microbial growth or removal of contamination from the production
equipment in order to preserve the activity, efficacy, and safety of the
final dietary product.
The quality difference between frankfurters seasoned with conventional and organic spices
Authors: Tomasevic Igor , Djekic Ilija , Acimovic Milica , Stajic Slavisa , Tomovic Vladimir
Published: December 2017

Frankfurters seasoned with conventional and organic garlic or coriander were
investigated for the differences in taste and odor intensities, instrumental
color and oxidative stability during 35 days of cold storage. Garlic powder,
both organic (0.78 mg MDA/kg) and conventional (0.71 mg MDA/kg), promoted
lipid oxidation compared to control frankfurters without garlic (0.52 mg
MDA/kg). Consumers assessed odor (6.68) and taste (6.18) intensities of
frankfurters with organic garlic significantly higher compared to the odor
(4.73) and taste (4.65) of the frankfurters with conventional garlic. Color
of frankfurters with organic or conventional spices was also significantly
different. At the 95% confidence level, at least 20% of the consumers could
distinguish between the samples with organic and conventional garlic, and at
least 14% of the consumers between the samples with organic and conventional
coriander. For the first time it is suggested that seasoning with organic
instead of conventionally produced spices might improve quality
characteristics of meat products.
Ozonation of nanofiltration permeate of whey before processing by reverse osmosis
Authors: Zmievskii Yurii , Zaharov Volodymyr , Rudenko Olexandra , Biletskaya Iryna , Myronchuk Valeriy
Published: December 2017

During nanofiltration processing of whey a significant amount of permeate is
generated. In some cases this permeate is treated by reverse osmosis to get
purified water for technological needs. Dry substances are not used, because
they contain practically the same amount of organic and inorganic components.
Mineral substances can be used for the mineralization of drinking water
purified by reverse osmosis. However, the presence of organic compounds
complicates the process of separation, as well as reduces the specific
productivity of reverse osmosis membranes at the concentration stage.
Therefore, the search for methods of destruction and removal of organic
components is grounded. In the presented work, experimental studies of
ozonation and sorption of organic compounds by activated carbon were carried.
It has been shown that ozonation improves the degree of sorption purification
by six times. Sequential treatment with ozone and subsequent filtration
through the layer of activated carbon improves the specific productivity of
reverse osmosis membranes by 30% at the stage of treatment of the
nanofiltration permeate, while their selectivity remains unchanged.
CO03 - O químico e físico inglês Willian Crookes (1832-1919) e os raios catódicos: uma adaptação tátil do tubo para o ensino de modelos atômicos para aprendizes cegos
Authors: Fernandes Jomara Mendes , Franco-Patrocínio Sandra , Freitas-Reis Ivoni
Published: December 2017

RESUMO - COMUNICAÇÃO ORAL
RC01 - Episódio histórico de Louis Pasteur: uma proposta para o ensino de Química, Física e Biologia
Authors: De Luca Anelise Grünfeld , Campestrini Iara Maitê , Dos Santos Sandra Aparecida , Machado Graziele Moreira , Walz Gabriel Cristiano , Luciano Gabriela Hoffmann , Albano Jéssica Caroline
Published: December 2017

RESUMO - RODA DE CONVERSA
P01 - Influência de uma abordagem histórica dos artigos de Gay Lussac e Avogadro para a formação inicial de professores de Química
Authors: Kisfaludy Adriana Bispo dos Santos , De Queirós Wellington Pereira
Published: December 2017

RESUMO - PÔSTER
P04 - Proposta de ensino de teoria de Werner na formação inicial de licenciatura em química através da história da ciência
Authors: De Almeida Bárbara Lúcia , Lima Erika Fernanda Leite de Melo
Published: December 2017

RESUMO - PÔSTER
P05 - Proposta de ensino de química inorgânica em um contexto histórico utilizando a cianotipia
Authors: De Almeida Bárbara Lúcia , Lima Erika Fernanda Leite de Melo , Dutra Júlia
Published: December 2017

RESUMO - PÔSTER
P08 - Análise da abordagem da Teoria do Flogisto nos livros didáticos
Authors: Walz Gabriel Cristiano , De Luca Anelise Grünfeld
Published: December 2017

RESUMO - PÔSTER
P10 - As publicações sobre a Ciência brasileira retratada nos dez primeiros números da revista Brasileira de História da Ciência (1985-1995)
Authors: Derossi Ingrid Nunes , Freitas-Reis Ivoni
Published: December 2017

RESUMO - PÔSTER
Returns to Low Risk Investment Strategy
Authors: Peswani Shilpa Girish
Published: December 2017

The paper studies the low risk anomaly in the Indian market using entire National Stock Exchange (NSE) as sample from January 2001 to June 2016. It provides evidence that low risk portfolio sorted for total risk, systematic risk as well as unsystematic risk individually for the large cap, mid cap, small cap and the entire NSE universe give higher returns to the investor as compared to high risk portfolio. The difference of returns from low risk portfolio versus high risk portfolio is positive as well as economically and statistically significant for all the risk measures. The results also prove that low risk portfolio investing strategy returns outperform the benchmark portfolio. Using either total volatility, idiosyncratic volatility or beta as a risk measure in stocks, the low risk portfolio gives higher returns even after controlling for the well-known size, value and momentum factors. The excess returns are the highest for low risk portfolio sorted for volatility of large cap stocks. Most of the low risk portfolios consists of growth and winner stocks. In conclusion, the low risk portfolio investment strategy is independent of size and gives positive excess returns as compared to high risk portfolio in the Indian stock market.