bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FGFR4 c.1162G > A (p.Gly388Arg) Polymorphism Analysis in Turkish Patients with Retinoblastoma
Authors: Akdeniz Odemis Demet , Tuncer Seref Bugra , Adamnejad Ghafour Arash , Jabbarli Khariga , Gider Yasemin , Celik Betul , Kuru Turkcan Gozde , Sukruoglu Erdogan Ozge , Kilic Erciyas Seda , Avsar Mukaddes , Kebudi Rejin , Buyukkapu Bay Sema , Tuncer Samuray , Yazici Hulya
Published: December 2020

Purpose. Various molecular variations are known to result in different gene variants in the FGFR4 gene, known for its oncogenic transformation activity. The goal of this study was to investigate the FGFR4 p.Gly388Arg variant that plays role in the progression of cancer and retinal growth and may be an effective candidate variant in the Turkish population in retinoblastoma patients with no RB1 gene mutation. Methods. Using the Sanger sequencing methods, the FGFR4 p.Gly388Arg variant was bidirectionally sequenced in 49 patients with non-RB1 gene mutation in retinoblastoma patients and 13 healthy first-degree relatives and 146 individuals matched by sex and age in the control group. Results. In Turkish population-specific study, the FGFR4 p.Gly388Arg variant was found in 27 (55.1 percent) of 49 patients; mutation was found in 7 (53.8 percent) of these patients’ 13 healthy relatives screened. When FGFR4 p.Gly388Arg mutation status is evaluated in terms of 146 healthy controls, in 70 (47.9 percent) individuals, mutation was observed. Our analysis showed that the FGFR4 p.Gly388Arg allele frequency, which according to different databases is seen as 30 percent in the general population, is 50 percent common in the Turkish population. Conclusions. In patients with advanced retinoblastoma who were diagnosed with retinoblastoma prior to 24 months, the FGFR4 p.Gly388Arg allele was found to be significantly higher. As a result, these results indicate that the polymorphism of FGFR4 p.Gly388Arg may play a role in both the development of tumors and the progression of aggressive tumors.
Neuroprotection Effect of Astragaloside IV from 2-DG-Induced Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress
Authors: Fu Yu , Cai Jianhang , Xi Mengyao , He Yifei , Zhao Yang , Zheng Yi , Zhang Yidong , Xi Jinkun , He Yonggui
Published: December 2020

Objective. Astragaloside IV shows neuroprotective activity, but its mechanism remains unclear. To investigate whether astragaloside IV protects from endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS), we focus on the regulation of glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) and mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) by astragaloside IV in neuronal cell PC12. Methods and Results. PC12 cells treated with different concentrations of ERS inductor 2-deoxyglucose (2-DG) (25-500 μM) showed a significant increase of glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP 78) and GRP 94 expressions and a decrease of tetramethylrhodamine ethyl ester (TMRE) fluorescence intensity and mitochondrial membrane potential (∆Ψm), with the peak effect seen at 50 μM, indicating that 2-DG induces ERS and the mPTP opening. Similarly, 50 μM of astragaloside IV increased the GSK-3β phosphorylation at Ser9 most significantly. Next, we examined the neuroprotection of astragaloside IV by dividing the PC12 cells into control group, 2-DG treatment group, astragaloside IV plus 2-DG treatment group, and astragaloside IV only group. PC12 cells treated with 50 μM 2-DG for different time courses (0-36 hr) showed a significant increase of Cleaved-Caspase-3 with the peak at 6 hr. 2-DG significantly induced cell apoptosis and increased the green fluorescence intensity of Annexin V-FITC, and these effects were reversed by astragaloside IV. Such a result indicates that astragaloside IV protected neural cell survival from ERS. 2-DG treatment significantly increased the expressions of inositol-requiring ER-to-nucleus signal kinase 1 (IRE1), phosphor-protein kinase R-like ER kinase (p-PERK), but not affect the transcription factor 6 (ATF6) expression. 2-DG treatment significantly decreased the phosphorylation of GSK-3β and significantly reduced the TMRE fluorescence intensity and ∆Ψm, following mPTP open. Astragaloside IV significantly inhibited the above effects caused by 2-DG, except the upregulation of ATF6 protein. Taken together, astragaloside IV significantly inhibited the ERS caused by 2-DG. Conclusion. Our data suggested that astragaloside IV protects PC12 cells from ERS by inactivation of GSK-3β and preventing the mPTP opening. The GRP 78, GRP 94, IRE1, and PERK signaling pathways but not ATF6 are responsible for GSK-3β inactivation and neuroprotection by astragaloside IV.
Da morte à performance: o a(u)tor contemporâneo
Authors: Duailibe Ane Beatriz dos Santos
Published: December 2020

A noção de autor passou por momentos distintos ao longo da história, sendo um dos pontos mais controvertidos dos estudos literários. Na contemporaneidade, vive-se um momento em que o autor é parte fundamental da sua produção ficcional, não como um fim último da obra literária, mas como uma figura do espaço público, que possui imagens vinculadas a diferentes esferas comunicativas, construindo discursos que se entrelaçam e expandem os limites do literário. O presente artigo volta-se para construção de um debate teórico acerca dessa categoria. Para tanto, esquematiza um percurso que contempla tanto estudos que defendem o apagamento do autor enquanto instância textual – tais como os postulados de Foucault (2002), Barthes (1989; 2004) e Agamben (2007) –, como também aqueles que endossam o seu retorno na cena contemporânea – utilizando como alicerce teórico os estudos de Lejeune (2014), Klinger (2012), Schollhammer (2011), Aguilar e Cámara (2017), Hoisel (2019), dentre outros. Assim, aponta-se para uma performance do escritor contemporâneo, que culmina em um ator com poses e máscaras previamente articuladas.
Tempo e gravidade: emprestar da dança um léxico poético
Authors: Diniz Ligia Gonçalves
Published: December 2020

O artigo propõe uma forma de leitura de poesia concentrada em seus efeitos corporais, aproximando-a, mesmo na modalidade silenciosa, da experiência da performance, em que encontramos o outro, materialmente. Proponho, como introdução, uma aproximação entre o advento da poesia moderna e o surgimento da dança moderna, concentrando-me em seus conflitos com os limites de seus meios de expressão – linguagem e corpo. Aproximo teoria poética e teoria da dança moderna, emprestando desta reflexões acerca de elementos como movimento, espaço e, sobretudo, peso e tempo. Por fim, realizo uma leitura experimental de dois poemas portugueses modernos, de Camilo Pessanha e Mário de Sá-Carneiro.
Dramaturgia e resistência: pesquisa, poder e espaço como dispositivos de criação e crítica
Authors: Souza Débora de , Borges Rosa
Published: December 2020

No âmbito da Filologia, em sua relação com outros saberes, conforme procedimentos metodológicos da crítica textual, buscamos construir um conhecimento a respeito de parte da escrita dramatúrgica da baiana Nivalda Costa, mulher negra que atuou de forma engajada nos campos do teatro, da literatura e da televisão, principalmente, nas décadas de 1970, 1980 e 1990. Tomamos para análise a Série de estudos cênicos sobre poder e espaço (SECPE) elaborada no período de 1975 a 1980, em tempos de ditadura militar, considerando os seis textos teatrais que a compõem, lidos por nós como textos-peças-manifestos, bem como outros documentos, da imprensa, da censura e do espetáculo, relacionados a esses textos. No tecer da série, escritura subversiva, por meio de pesquisas e experimentos, os conceitos de poder e espaço são tomados como principais dispositivos de criação e crítica, operadores mobilizados, estrategicamente, na proposta estética e ideológica, na produção de conhecimento, prática de resistência. Para tanto, recorremos ao Arquivo Hipertextual do dossiê da SECPE, acessível por meio do website http://acervonivaldacosta.com, plataforma composta por edições e documentos que adotamos como fonte de pesquisa.
Adília & Ana C.: performances autorais
Authors: Sales Paulo Alberto da Silva
Published: December 2020

Desenvolve-se um estudo comparativo entre a criação poética de Adília Lopes e de Ana Cristina Cesar no que diz respeito à ficcionalização de referências autobiográficas para a constituição de um sujeito lírico no/pelo texto. Por meio da leitura de  poemas pertencentes aos livros Bandolim, de Adília, publicado em 2016, e Poética (2013), que reúne toda a obra de Ana C., evidencia-se como ambas as poetas se servem da narrativização do verso para criar uma prosa conversacional endereçada à primeira, à segunda e à terceira pessoas do discurso. Por fim, reinvestindo na relação entre linguagem e experiência, conclui-se que tanto Adília quanto Ana C. criam poéticas híbridas, intertextuais e que deslegitimam os gêneros literários.
Política migratória e os Direitos Humanos das pessoas migrantes
Authors: Silva Anaxsuell Fernando
Published: December 2020

Resenha do livro:
LÉON, Vera C. B. (org). Política migratória y derechos de los migrantes em Mexico. México: FLACSO, 2018. 212 p.
Monumentos do jornalismo brasileiro
Authors: Moraes Vaniucha
Published: December 2020

A premissa que sustenta a presente argumentação consiste na inferência segundo a qual a elite jornalística que se consolidou entre o período ditatorial e os anos de redemocratização se constituiu por meio de estratégias de legitimação e simbolização que podem ser deduzidas dos registros biográficos e memorialísticos de seus membros. A fim de perscrutar os processos de monumentalização de trajetórias e nomes consagrados investiga-se as condições de produção de livros de memórias, biografias, depoimentos para produção científica, registros destinados à entidades de classe e instituições voltadas à preservação da memória e da história datados entre a segunda metade do século passado e a primeira década do século 21. O objetivo é demonstrar por meio da análise das condições de produção – entendidas como contexto de publicação, autoria, origem na iniciativa e modelos textuais adotados – as potencialidades de tais registros para comprovar a existência material, política e intelectual de proeminentes personagens da história da imprensa brasileira.
construção social do caricaturista na Primeira República
Authors: Justen Janine Figueiredo de Souza
Published: December 2020

Este artigo investiga as dinâmicas de circulação e as condições de acesso e manutenção do grupo de caricaturistas na cidade do Rio de Janeiro na virada do século XX. Sob uma perspectiva prosopográfica, o espaço da imprensa ilustrada da época é delimitado em relação à posição ocupada pela revista O Malho naquele contexto e às posições de seus colaboradores e dirigentes. Com o objetivo de reconstituir representações e práticas a fim de identificar estratégias de distinção dos agentes em pauta, individual e coletivamente, foram coletadas informações biográficas sobre 45 pessoas, entre caricaturistas, jornalistas, escritores e fotógrafos (que muitas vezes acumulavam essas funções), dentre as quais se destacam as que dizem respeito aos percursos escolar e profissional e aos engajamentos. A metodologia abarca a análise de trajetórias, bem como a análise de correspondências múltiplas (ACM). Os resultados apontam para a implantação de um projeto híbrido de “identidades estratégicas”, deslocando-se do espaço da imprensa aos domínios da arte, da política e da intelectualidade.
“Como Vê Você Paris Libertada?”
Authors: Guebert Caroline Aparecida
Published: December 2020

Este artigo resultou de uma pesquisa qualitativa sobre as publicações de periódicos em torno do concurso infantil de desenhos “Como vê você Paris Libertada?”, organizado em 1945 por Beatrix Reynal a partir do Rio de Janeiro. A iniciativa privada, lançada por meio de veículos dos Diários Associados, envolveu cerca de seis mil crianças e foi acolhida pelo Ministério da Educação. Compreendendo a memória individual e coletiva em inter-relação e transformando os periódicos em fontes históricas das práticas culturais que as constituem, é possível mapear traços do processo de comunicação de uma memória celebrativa da Resistência Francesa e da Libertação de Paris em formação naquele momento. Problematiza-se essa memória, também como um investimento social e um recurso de distinção no meio das elites, relacionado à persona Beatrix Reynal. Trata-se da configuração de um enquadramento memorial gaullista, ligado às políticas diplomáticas e à importância atribuída pelo público de artistas e intelectuais brasileiros ao legado cultural francês, apostando na reconversão do passado recente perante as crises geradas pela guerra.
From Plato to Weil and beyond: Genericity through the history of mathematics
Authors: Leme Renato Reis , Venturi Giorgio
Published: December 2020

At the end of the 19th century, genericity took an important step toward mathematical analysis, due to the developments promoted by the Italian school of algebraic geometry. However, its origins can be traced back to ancient mathematics in the work of prominent philosophers and mathematicians, such as Plato and Euclid. In this article, we will try to show how a key notion in the structuralist turn of algebraic geometry evolved from a vague linguistic phenomenon and became a precise and fruitful mathematical concept.
Música armorial
Authors: Santos Marília Paula dos
Published: December 2020

Lançado em outubro de 1970, o armorial foi um movimento que englobou diversas formas de arte. Idealizado por Ariano Suassuna e integrado por intelectuais e artistas do Nordeste do Brasil, buscava criar uma arte com autenticidade brasileira. Atualmente continua exercendo grande influência na cena cultural, intelectual e artística do país. E a música é um dos elementos que mais se destaca nesse sentido, despertando, cada vez mais, o interesse de pesquisadoras/es. Esse artigo tem como objetivo apresentar uma revisão bibliográfica dos principais trabalhos publicados sobre a música armorial. Cinquenta anos após seu lançamento, sua música continua viva, se transformando e ecoando de diversas formas em diferentes lugares e espaços. Esperamos, com este trabalho, contribuir para aprofundar o dimensionamento da música armorial, sobretudo no âmbito acadêmico.
"And Harry doesn't mind if he doesn't make the scene...": Repensando a performance durante a pandemia de 2020
Authors: Presgrave Fabio Soren
Published: December 2020

Relato de experiência vivida pelo Prof. Dr. Fabio Presgrave na Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, num arco temporal que nasce no atentado de 11 de setembro de 2001 e chega aos dias atuais, durante a pandemia COVID-19.
Ações, interações e transformações da Performance musical no confinamento
Authors: Ray Sonia
Published: December 2020

A súbita mudança de comportamento e pensamento as quais o mundo foi obrigado a ser submeter desde março de 2020 em função da pandemia causada pelo surgimento do Coronavírus desencadeou novas formas de agir e interagir no universo da performance musical. No Brasil essa mudança significou também uma ressignificação do cotidiano do fazer musical abrindo a área para novas perspectivas. As ações em performance musical passaram a se dar exclusivamente a distância, obrigando músicos a se atualizarem com a tecnologia. As formas de interação se ampliaram passando a incluir criações coletivas no formato de ‘mosaicos musicais’ que uniram pessoas de várias partes do mundo. As transformações de hábitos na sociedade transformaram crenças pessoais bem como o cotidiano do estudo e prática do músico, o que não só abriu novas perspectivas para a performance musical mas também novos questionamentos.
Electronic Cigarettes Induce Mitochondrial DNA Damage and Trigger TLR9 (Toll-Like Receptor 9)-Mediated Atherosclerosis
Authors: Li Jieliang , Huynh Luong , Cornwell William D. , Tang Moon-Shong , Simborio Hannah , Huang Jing , Kosmider Beata , Rogers Thomas J. , Zhao Huaqing , Steinberg Michael B. , Thu Thi Le Le , Zhang Lanjing , Pham Kien , Liu Chen , Wang He
Published: December 2020

Objective:

Electronic cigarette (e-cig) use has recently been implicated in promoting atherosclerosis. In this study, we aimed to investigate the mechanism of e-cig exposure accelerated atherosclerotic lesion development.

Approach and Results:

Eight-week-old ApoE
−/−
mice fed normal laboratory diet were exposed to e-cig vapor (ECV) for 2 hours/day, 5 days/week for 16 weeks. We found that ECV exposure significantly induced atherosclerotic lesions as examined by Oil Red O staining and greatly upregulated TLR9 (toll-like receptor 9) expression in classical monocytes and in the atherosclerotic plaques, which the latter was corroborated by enhanced TLR9 expression in human femoral artery atherosclerotic plaques from e-cig smokers. Intriguingly, we found a significant increase of oxidative mitochondria DNA lesion in the plasma of ECV-exposed mice. Administration of TLR9 antagonist before ECV exposure not only alleviated atherosclerosis and the upregulation of TLR9 in plaques but also attenuated the increase of plasma levels of inflammatory cytokines, reduced the plaque accumulation of lipid and macrophages, and decreased the frequency of blood CCR2
+
(C-C chemokine receptor type 2) classical monocytes. Surprisingly, we found that cytoplasmic mitochondrial DNA isolated from ECV extract-treated macrophages can enhance TLR9 activation in reporter cells and the induction of inflammatory cytokine could be suppressed by TLR9 inhibitor in macrophages.

Conclusions:

E-cig increases level of damaged mitochondrial DNA in circulating blood and induces the expression of TLR9, which elevate the expression of proinflammatory cytokines in monocyte/macrophage and consequently lead to atherosclerosis. Our results raise the possibility that intervention of TLR9 activation is a potential pharmacological target of ECV-related inflammation and cardiovascular diseases.
Long‐Term PM
2.5
Exposure and Risks of Ischemic Heart Disease and Stroke Events: Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Alexeeff Stacey E. , Liao Noelle S. , Liu Xi , Van Den Eeden Stephen K. , Sidney Stephen
Published: December 2020

Background

Fine particulate matter <2.5 µm in diameter (PM
2.5
) has known effects on cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. However, no study has quantified and compared the risks of incident myocardial infarction, incident stroke, ischemic heart disease (IHD) mortality, and cerebrovascular mortality in relation to long‐term PM
2.5
exposure.

Methods and Results

We sought to quantitatively summarize studies of long‐term PM
2.5
exposure and risk of IHD and stroke events by conducting a review and meta‐analysis of studies published by December 31, 2019. The main outcomes were myocardial infarction, stroke, IHD mortality, and cerebrovascular mortality. Random effects meta‐analyses were used to estimate the combined risk of each outcome among studies. We reviewed 69 studies and included 42 studies in the meta‐analyses. In meta‐analyses, we found that a 10‐µg/m
3
increase in long‐term PM
2.5
exposure was associated with an increased risk of 23% for IHD mortality (95% CI, 15%–31%), 24% for cerebrovascular mortality (95% CI, 13%–36%), 13% for incident stroke (95% CI, 11%–15%), and 8% for incident myocardial infarction (95% CI, −1% to 18%). There were an insufficient number of studies of recurrent stroke and recurrent myocardial infarction to conduct meta‐analyses.

Conclusions

Long‐term PM
2.5
exposure is associated with increased risks of IHD mortality, cerebrovascular mortality, and incident stroke. The relationship with incident myocardial infarction is suggestive of increased risk but not conclusive. More research is needed to understand the relationship with recurrent events.
Diversity partitioning and community structure of epiphytic bryophytes along an elevational gradient in the north-eastern Madagascar

Authors: MARLINE LOVANOMENJANAHARY , HEDDERSON TERRY A. J. , AH-PENG CLAUDINE
Published: December 2020

Understanding spatial variation in species composition of different communities is key to understanding the processes that generate and maintain biodiversity. The partitioning of diversity into hierarchical scale-related components is an interesting approach to quantitatively defining the overall net biodiversity from hierarchically scaled studies and is a useful method in studies of conservation biology and restoration. This paper deals with the additive partitioning of the overall diversity and the partitioning of beta-diversity of epiphytic bryophytes along an elevational gradient in Madagascar. The aim is to describe the variation in species composition between sites and to elucidate why different species occur in different communities in the Marojejy National Park (250–2050 m). We looked at the contribution of α and β diversity to total diversity were calculated from four hierarchical scales: microhabitat (50 cm2), quadrat (4 m2), plot (100 m2) and elevation (every 200 m). Furthermore, we documented how the two components of beta-diversity (turnover and nestedness) are influenced by variation in elevation. Our result suggests that more variation in species richness was found within the elevational scales, than within microplot scales, confirming that beta diversity at the largest sampling scale is the largest contributor to the total diversity. It indicates that bryophyte species among sample within each level are a subsample of the same species pool. This study shows evidence that the beta-diversity of epiphytic bryophyte assemblages is dominated by high spatial turnover due to recruitment of new species along the Marojejy transect, a clear pattern for mountains.
Studies in Austral Bryaceae (Bryopsida) II. New Combinations in Rosulabryum J.R. Spence from Madagascar and South America

Authors: SPENCE JOHN R.
Published: December 2020

New combinations in the genus Rosulabryum J.R. Spence are made for 11 species of Bryum Hedw. from South America and Madagascar: Rosulabryum albomarginatum (Cardot ex Thér.) J.R. Spence, Rosulabryum appressum (Ren. & Cardot) J.R. Spence, Rosulabryum atenense (R.S. Williams) J.R. Spence, Rosulabryum aubertii (Schwägr.) J.R. Spence, Rosulabryum coloratum (Müll. Hal.) J.R. Spence, Rosulabryum duplicatum (Broth.) J.R. Spence, Rosulabryum erythrocaulon (Schwägr.) J.R. Spence, Rosulabryum longidens (Thér.), J.R. Spence, Rosulabryum mattogrossense (Broth.) J.R. Spence, Rosulabryum puconense (Herzog & Thér.) J.R. Spence, and Rosulabryum spininervium (Broth.) J.R. Spence. The invalid combination Rosulabryum truncorum (Brid.) Ochyra is corrected.
Morphological ontogeny of Punctoribates astrachanicus (Acari: Oribatida: Punctoribatidae), and comments on Punctoribates Berlese
Authors: SENICZAK STANISŁAW , IVAN OTILIA , MARQUARDT TOMASZ , SENICZAK ANNA
Published: December 2020

The morphological ontogeny of Punctoribates astrachanicus Shaldybina, 1973 is described and illustrated. This species was rarely investigated since its description, including its ecological and biological aspects. The adult has fusiform bothridial seta, straight anterior tectum of notogaster, four pairs of saccules, and notogastral setae mostly alveolar, except for short p-series. Tarsus I has a short dorsal projection. Juveniles of this species are light brown, with short and thin prodorsal seta ex, and relatively large humeral organ. The gastronotal setae of larva are of medium size and pointed, in nymphs they are short.
Praskie Dzieciątko Jezus jako przykład kontrreformacyjnej teatralizacji wiary
Authors: Woszczerowicz Zuzanna
Published: December 2020

The Infant Jesus of Prague: An Example of Counter-Reformative Theatralisation of FaithThis article concerns issues of the Counter-Reformative theatralisation of church rituals connected with the statue of the Infant Jesus of Prague. The study considers three types of rituals: the tradition of dressing the sculpture in embroidered vestments of different colours, coronation processions, and pilgrimages. It also presents a brief history of the statue and its worship in the Baroque period. Praskie Dzieciątko Jezus jako przykład kontrreformacyjnej teatralizacji wiaryW artykule podjęłam problematykę kontrreformacyjnej teatralizacji rytuałów kościelnych związanych z figurką Praskiego Dzieciątka Jezus. Wyszczególniłam trzy rodzaje obrzędów: tradycję przebierania rzeźby w wielobarwne stroje, procesje z koronacjami figurki oraz pielgrzymki. W celu przybliżenia jej fenomenu przedstawiłam także krótką historię figurki oraz kultu Dzieciątka Jezus w okresie baroku.
Słowniki w dobie digitalizacji na przykładzie Słownika wyrazów bliskoznacznych współczesnego języka słoweńskiego (Slovar sopomenk sodobne slovenščine)
Authors: Gapsa Magdalena
Published: December 2020

Dictionaries in the Age of Digitisation: An Example of the Thesaurus of Modern Slovene (Slovar sopomenk sodobne slovenščine)The digital revolution enables publishing dictionaries in a digital version, which significantly facilitates access to them by their users, who are no longer mere recipients of the content: their potential is viewed as useful in (co-)editing dictionaries. These changes also enable the introduction of new solutions to improve editorial work. One case in point is the Thesaurus of Modern Slovene (Slovar sopomenk sodobne slovenščine) – the first responsive dictionary, generated mostly automatically based on available language data, which responds both to language changes as well as to the habits and needs of its users. Their opinions and proposals have become integral part of its concept through crowdsourcing. Słowniki w dobie digitalizacji na przykładzie Słownika wyrazów bliskoznacznych współczesnego języka słoweńskiego (Slovar sopomenk sodobne slovenščine)Rewolucja cyfrowa umożliwia udostępnianie słowników w wersji cyfrowej, co znacząco ułatwia dostęp do nich użytkownikom, którzy nie są już tylko odbiorcami treści, ale dostrzega się także ich potencjał przy (współ)redagowaniu słowników. Dzięki niej możliwe jest także wprowadzanie nowych rozwiązań usprawniających prace redakcyjne. Jednym z przykładów jest słoweński Słownik wyrazów bliskoznacznych współczesnego języka słoweńskiego (Slovar sopomenk sodobne slovenščine) – pierwszy słownik reagujący, wygenerowany w większości automatycznie na podstawie dostępnych danych językowych, który reaguje zarówno na zachodzące w języku zmiany, jak i zwyczaje i potrzeby jego użytkowników, których opinie i propozycje stały się jego integralną częścią dzięki zastosowaniu crowdsourcingu.
“Willing to Do Anything for My Kids”: Inventive Mothering, Diapers, and the Inequalities of Carework
Authors: Randles Jennifer
Published: December 2020

Prior research highlights how mothers across social classes express similar beliefs that good parenting adheres to the tenets of intensive mothering by being child-centered, time-consuming, and self-sacrificing. Yet intensive mothering ideologies emphasize parenting tactics that assume children’s basic needs are met, while ignoring how mothers in poverty devise distinctive childrearing strategies and logics to perform carework demanded by deprivation, discrimination, and a meager social safety net. I theorize inventive mothering that instead highlights the complexity and agency of poor mothers’ innovative efforts to ensure children’s access to resources, protect children from the harms of poverty and racism, and present themselves as fit parents in the context of intersecting gender, class, and race stigma. Drawing on in-depth interviews with 70 mothers who experienced diaper need, I conceptualize diaper work as a case of inventive mothering that involves extensive physical, cognitive, and emotional labor. These findings show how focusing on childrearing practices experienced as “intense” from the point of view of more affluent, white mothers perpetuates inequalities by obscuring the complex labor poor mothers, especially poor mothers of color, perform when there is limited public support for fundamental aspects of childcare.
Hormone Receptor Expression on Endocrine Therapy in Patients with Breast Cancer: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Zhong Yangyan , Ding Boni , Qian Liyuan , Wu Wei , Wen Yanguang
Published: December 2020

Objective

To evaluate the role of hormone receptor expression on endocrine therapy in patients with breast cancer.

Methods

The databases were used to collect the effect of high expression and low expression of hormone receptors on the efficacy of endocrine therapy in breast cancer. Two evaluators independently screened the literature based on preset inclusion and exclusion criteria. The quality of the article was evaluated using a modified Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) system. The survival data included in the literature were extracted and the ln(hazard ratio (HR)) and se[ln(HR)] of the overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), and recurrence-free survival (RFS) rates were calculated according to different level of hormone receptors. The RevMan 5.3 software was used to evaluate the meta-analysis.

Results

A total of 13 relevant literature were included in the study. There were 8318 estrogen receptor (ER)-positive and 7926 progesterone receptor (PR)-positive patients. Overall survival, DFS, and RFS rates in high expression of ER(+) patients were significantly higher in low expression of ER(+) patients (OS HR = .59, 95% confidence interval (CI): .46-.76, P < .0001; DFS HR = .62, 95%CI: .50-.76, P < .00001; RFS HR = .44, 95% CI: .33-.58, P < .00001). In patients with high expression of PR(+), OS, DFS, and RFS rates were significantly higher than those with low expression of PR(+) (OS HR = .66, 95% CI: .57-.78, P < .00001; DFS HR = .52, 95% CI: .42-.65, P < .00001; RFS HR = .24, 95% CI: .11-.53, P = .0004).

Conclusion

The expression of ER and PR are powerful predictors of adjuvant endocrine therapy response. Breast cancer patients with high expression of hormone receptors benefit more from endocrine therapy and have better prognosis.
Improving the Assessment of Flow-Mediated Dilation Through Detection of Peak Time in Healthy Subjects and Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Herbrand Theresa , Coester Hans-Veit , Sansone Roberto , Fischer Annelie , Heiss Christian , Heise Tim , Kelm Malte , DeVries J. Hans
Published: December 2020

The assessment of flow-mediated dilation (FMD) is widely used to quantify endothelial function. Historically, FMD was determined at 60 seconds post-cuff deflation. We investigated whether FMD would be more accurate if determined at maximum dilatory peak (MDP) than at 60 seconds in healthy subjects and subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We studied 95 healthy and 72 subjects with T2DM and assessed FMD at MDP, 60 and 90 seconds. Twenty-four healthy and 12 subjects with T2DM underwent a repeat FMD after 28 days. In healthy subjects, FMD at MDP was higher than at 60 and 90 seconds, with mean difference MDP versus 60 seconds 1.14% (95% CI: 0.6-1.7); P < .0001 and MDP versus 90 seconds 1.9% (95% CI: 1.3-2.5) with similar results in T2DM, that is, 1.0% (95% CI: 0.1-1.9) and 2.3% (95% CI: 1.3-3.2), respectively. Intraindividual variability was lowest with MDP compared with 60 and 90 seconds, that is, 15.0 versus 23.2% and 40.0%, respectively, resulting in a more than 2-fold reduction in necessary sample size. In healthy subjects and subjects with T2DM, assessment of FMD using MDP results in a more accurate and precise assessment leading to a substantial reduction in sample size.
Is Music Teacher Professional Development Becoming More Effective? Evaluating Practice and Policy in the United States, 1993–2012
Authors: West Justin J.
Published: December 2020

The purpose of this study was to evaluate music teacher professional development (PD) practice and policy in the United States between 1993 and 2012. Using data from the nationally representative Schools and Staffing Survey (SASS) spanning these 20 years, I examined music teacher PD participation by topic, intensity, relevance, and format; music teachers’ top PD priorities; and the reach of certain PD-supportive policies. I assessed these descriptive results against a set of broadly agreed-on criteria for “effective” PD: content specificity, relevance, voluntariness/autonomy, social interaction, and sustained duration. Findings revealed a mixed record. Commendable improvements in content-specific PD access were undercut by deficiencies in social interaction, voluntariness/autonomy, sustained duration, and relevance. School policy, as reported by teachers, was grossly inadequate, with only one of the nine PD-supportive measures appearing on SASS reaching a majority of teachers in any given survey year. Implications for policy, practice, and scholarship are presented.
Structured Hypothesis Development in Criminal Investigation: A method aimed at providing a broad and objective starting point for a criminal investigation
Authors: Sunde Nina
Published: December 2020

The Structured Hypothesis Development in Criminal Investigation (SHDCI) method aims to assist detectives in developing an adequate set of hypotheses, which prepares the ground for a broad and objective investigation. The method aims to protect the innocent, while also enabling the detectives to discover the full scope of the incident under investigation. SHDCI builds on theory and principles from cognitive psychology, scientific methodology, logical reasoning, law and criminal investigation best practice. The method is developed in a Norwegian context, but builds on universally accepted legal principles, and SHDCI may therefore be relevant for implementation in other jurisdictions.
Parental Caregiving Burden, Depression, Social Support, and Life Satisfaction: A Multigroup Analysis of Social Support for Parents of Young Children with Brain Lesions
Authors: Park Eun-Young
Published: December 2020

The term social support refers to people’s interpersonal relationships and is a potentially powerful mediator for caregivers’ life satisfaction. This study examined the relationships between parental caregiver burden, depression, social support, and life satisfaction. It compared these relation variables between parents of preschool- and school-age children, as mediator effects of social support may differ across age ranges. Data were used from the Ministry of Health and Welfare of Korea’s research on support services and policies for people with brain lesions. Parental caregivers of preschool- ( n = 93) and school-age ( n = 91) children participated in this study. A multigroup analysis indicated a significant negative relationship between caregiving burden and depression with social support and parental life satisfaction and a significant positive relation for social support with life satisfaction for the overall group, preschool- and school age. Social support was a mediator for each group; however, the regression weight differed between preschool- and school-age children’s parents. The study confirms the importance of caregivers’ social support and suggests a need for family support strategies that account for children’s ages.
Emotion Measurement in Tourism Destination Marketing: A Comparative Electroencephalographic and Behavioral Study
Authors: Bastiaansen Marcel , Straatman Sebastiaan , Mitas Ondrej , Stekelenburg Jeroen , Jansen Saskia
Published: December 2020

It is commonly assumed that TV commercials successfully influence affective tourism destination image by coupling positive emotions to a destination. In this study we record emotional responses to destination pictures before and after viewing a destination TV commercial from participants’ brains using electroencephalography (EEG). A control group of participants watched the same destination pictures, and an unrelated TV commercial. Emotion-related event-related potential (ERP) components, the P2 and LPP, were derived from the EEG. For the participants that watched the destination TV commercial, the P2 and the LPP were larger in response to destination pictures after compared to before having watched the TV commercial. This effect was not observed in the control group. In a behavioral version of the same experiment, we did not observe any effects in the self-report data. It is concluded that ERP methodology is a useful tool to complement the toolbox of tourism marketing researchers.
Nation and Responsibility: The King and His Soldiers in Shakespeare’s Henry V
Authors: Saxonhouse Arlene W.
Published: December 2020

Who bears responsibility for the actions of a city or state? Is it the entity that we sometimes call a nation? Or the individual members of the nation? Shakespeare’s Henry V includes a brief interchange the night before the battle at Agincourt that addresses this question. A disguised king and the common soldiers of his army debate who is responsible for the deaths that will occur during the forthcoming battle if the war they are fighting is unjust: the king or his soldiers? Who will be punished on Judgment Day? The interchange opens up reflections on the challenge of deciding who acts when a state acts. Henry V is a play that emphasizes the role of the imagination as central to both stagecraft and the politics of creating a nation. Engaging with the medieval theory of the “king’s two bodies,” the Henry of Shakespeare’s play is caught between the desire to be the embodiment of the imagined nation and yet be his own “natural person” when questions of responsibility for the actions of the nation emerge. Dependent on the imagination to build a unified nation of diverse peoples, Henry desires to escape responsibility for the potentially unjust actions of the nation by focusing on the private actions of his individual subjects. The play thereby brings questions of responsibility for the actions of collective bodies founded by the imagination to the fore and forces us to explore who is responsible when states or nations act.
Learning from the Past: How Prior Experience Impacts the Value of Innovation After Scientist Relocation
Authors: Jain Amit , Huang Kenneth G.
Published: December 2020

There is growing interest in management and organizational research to study the relocation of knowledge workers, defined as a move by the knowledge worker to a different place of work. Relocation has been well studied as a potential source of losses or gains in human and social capital. However, our understanding of whether and how it disrupts a scientist’s innovation activities is limited. Relocation could disrupt innovation activities in the new workplace by making it difficult for a scientist to coordinate work with prior collaborators with whom the scientist has relational experience and forcing the scientist to work with new collaborators. In this study, we develop a conceptual framework assessing the effectiveness of the scientists’ research and development (R&D) experience to counter these disruptions arising from relocation and develop valuable patented innovations. We hypothesize that both the scientist’s relational experience and working with new collaborators decrease the value of innovations the scientist creates after relocation. Scientist R&D experience, however, is double-edged in nature: It leads to less valuable innovations prior to relocation but facilitates the creation of more valuable innovations after it. Our theory suggests that this is because R&D experience facilitates the scientist’s adaptation to the new context and helps coordinate her or his activities in new collaborations. Nevertheless, R&D experience is less effective in sustaining the efficacy of relational experience with prior collaborators after relocation. Using a longitudinal dataset from the knowledge-intensive genomics industry, we find support for our hypotheses. This study yields important managerial and policy implications.
High-Frequency Heart Rate Variability and Emotion-Driven Impulse Control Difficulties During Adolescence: Examining Experienced and Expressed Negative Emotion as Moderators
Authors: Gonçalves Stefanie F. , Chaplin Tara M. , López Roberto , Regalario Irene M. , Niehaus Claire E. , McKnight Patrick E. , Stults-Kolehmainen Matthew , Sinha Rajita , Ansell Emily B.
Published: December 2020

Emotion-driven impulse control difficulties are associated with negative psychological outcomes. Extant research suggests that high-frequency heart rate variability (HF-HRV) may be indicative of emotion-driven impulse control difficulties and potentially moderated by negative emotion. In the current study, 248 eleven- to 14-year-olds and their parent engaged in a negatively emotionally arousing conflict task at Time 1. Adolescents’ HF-HRV and negative emotional expression and experience were assessed before, during, and/or after the task. Adolescents reported on their levels of emotion-driven impulse control difficulties at Time 1 and one year later. Results revealed that higher levels of HF-HRV reactivity (i.e., higher HF-HRV augmentation) predicted higher levels of emotion-driven impulse control difficulties 1 year later among adolescents who experienced higher negative emotion. These findings suggest that negative emotional context should be considered when examining HF-HRV reactivity as a risk factor for emotion-driven impulse control difficulties and associated outcomes.
Microstructural and Mechanical Properties of the Anterolateral Ligament of the Knee
Authors: Patel Ronak M. , Castile Ryan M. , Jenkins Matthew J. , Lake Spencer P. , Brophy Robert H.
Published: December 2020

Background:

The variable anatomy and controversy of the anterolateral ligament (ALL) reflect the complex relationship among the anterolateral knee structures.

Purpose/Hypothesis:

The purpose was to quantify the microstructural and mechanical properties of the ALL as compared with the anterolateral capsule (ALC) and lateral collateral ligament (LCL). The primary hypotheses were that (1) there is no difference in these properties between the ALL and ALC and (2) the LCL has significantly different properties from the ALL and ALC.

Study Design:

Descriptive laboratory study.

Methods:

The LCL, ALL, and ALC were harvested from 25 cadaveric knees. Mechanical testing and microstructural analyses were performed using quantitative polarized light imaging. The average degree of linear polarization (AVG DoLP; mean strength of collagen alignment) and standard deviation of the angle of polarization (STD AoP; degree of variation in collagen angle orientation) were calculated.

Results:

Linear region moduli were not different between the ALC and ALL (3.75 vs 3.66 MPa, respectively; P > .99). AVG DoLP values were not different between the ALC and ALL in the linear region (0.10 vs 0.10; P > .99). Similarly, STD AoP values were not different between the ALC and ALL (24.2 vs 21.7; P > .99). The LCL had larger modulus, larger AVG DoLP, and smaller STD AoP values than the ALL and ALC. Of 25 knee specimens, 3 were observed to have a distinct ALL, which exhibited larger modulus, larger AVG DoLP, and smaller STD AoP values as compared with nondistinct ALL samples.

Conclusion:

There were no differences in the mechanical and microstructural properties between the ALL and ALC. The ALC and ALL exhibited comparably weak and disperse collagen alignment. However, when a distinct ALL was present, the properties were suggestive of a ligamentous structure.

Clinical Relevance:

The properties of the ALL are similar to those of a ligament only when a distinct ALL is present, but otherwise, for the majority of specimens, ALL properties are closer to those of the capsule. Variability in the ligamentous structure of the ALL suggests that it may be more important in some patients than others and reconstruction may be considered in selective patients. Further study is needed to better understand its selective role and optimal indications for reconstruction.
3D perfusion culture of mouse insulinoma in macro-porous scaffolds enhanced insulin production response
Authors: Changsorn Karn , Pang Yuan , Matsumoto Hiroaki , Hong Haofeng , Wüthrich Pierre , Sun Wei , Sakai Yasuyuki
Published: December 2020

To address the remaining issue of poor cell immobilization and insufficient mass transfer in scaffold-based tissue engineering approach for future islet transplantation, we employed a macro-porous poly-l-lactide (PLLA) scaffold immobilizing mouse insulinoma cells and studied its function toward an implantable pancreatic tissue in 7-day perfusion culture. The murine pancreatic β cells could be immobilized in the PLLA scaffold at a high density of 107 cells per cm3 close to the estimated range in normal pancreas. The perfusion culture promoted the 3D cellular organization as observed with live/dead staining and histological staining. The insulin production was significantly enhanced in comparison with static 2D culture and 3D rotational suspension culture by two and six folds, respectively ( p < 0.001). As enhanced insulin response was only observed where both the perfusion and 3D cellular organization were present, this could represent important elements in engineering a functional bioartificial pancreas.
Exposure to Violence, Firearm Involvement, and Socioemotional Consequences Among California Adults
Authors: Aubel Amanda J. , Pallin Rocco , Wintemute Garen J. , Kravitz-Wirtz Nicole
Published: December 2020

Violence is a leading cause of injury and death, and its impacts extend far beyond physical harm to the victim. We estimated the prevalence of direct or indirect exposure to violence, factors associated with exposure, and effects of exposure on socioemotional health—with effect modification by firearm involvement during the violent event—among a state-representative sample of California adults. We also examined effects of exposure on subsequent intent to purchase firearms. The sample comprised 2,558 California adults who completed the 2018 California Safety and Wellbeing Survey. An estimated 4% of respondents—1.2 million Californians—said they or a household member were exposed to violence while living in their current neighborhood. Half of those exposed to violence reported the event was “severely” distressing, and 47% experienced social functioning problems (i.e., problems with job/school and/or family/friends); for comparison, only 12% of unexposed adults reported having such problems in the past 12 months. When the violent event involved a weapon, respondents who did (versus did not) experience severe distress were significantly more likely to report that a firearm was present (69% versus 14%); those with (versus without) social functioning problems were significantly more likely to report other types of weapons were involved (67% versus 22%). Exposed adults considered buying a gun in response to the violent event more often than did unexposed respondents in the past 12 months (33% versus 17%). These findings highlight the need to address the physical and psychological sequelae of violence exposure among direct and indirect victims and can inform violence prevention research, programs, and policies across the nation.