bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Implementasi Monitoring Dan Notifikasi Kualitas Udara Menggunakan Arduino Berbasis IoT
Authors: Muzakirin Muhamad , Mirza Ahmad Haidar
Published: June 2022

The results of this study are an IoT-based tool that can monitor air quality and data, the data. which is very influential on the health of those who inhale it, especially humans. By using sensors MQ7 and DHT11 where these sensors have their respective functions, MQ7 functions to detect CO gas (carbon monoxide) while DHT11 functions to detect temperature and humidity, which can know the air quality every day. In this study using the prototype method to build hardware later. To be able to provide accurate and precise information to users and the public to increase self-awareness in reducing air pollution levels. The first stage of this research is to collect data for 7 days in March 2022 in Penukal Abab Lematang Ilir Regency. Furthermore, the data that has been obtained the results are calculated using excel. The result of calculating the highest average value for CO is 9.99 ppm on March 7, 2022, at 16:41 and the lowest average value of 1.83 ppm on March 1, 2022, at 10:34. The average for the overall value is 3.37ppm, so it can be concluded that the air quality in Penukal Abab Lematang Ilir Regency is still identified as good.
Yerli Turistlerin Covid-19 Korkusunun ve Seyahat Endişelerinin Seyahat Etme Niyetlerine Etkisi
Authors: KODAŞ Davut
Published: June 2022

Bu araştırmanın amacı COVİD-19 pandemisi boyunca yerli turistlerin yurt içi seyahatlerindeki COVİD-19 korku algıları, seyahat endişeleri ve seyahat niyetleri arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemektir. 2021 Aralık ayında online anket yoluyla toplam 387 potansiyel yerli ziyaretçiden veri toplanmıştır. Ölçüm modelinin doğrulanması için doğrulayıcı faktör analizi ve kuramsal modelin test edilmesinde kovaryans-temelli yapısal eşitlik modellemesinden (YEM) yararlanılmıştır. Yapısal model analizinden elde edilen bulgulara göre yerli turistlerin COVİD-19’a ilişkin korkularının seyahat endişeleri üzerinde anlamlı bir etkisi varken, seyahat niyetleri üzerinde anlamlı bir etkisi bulunmamıştır. Seyahat endişesinin ise yerli turistlerin seyahat niyetleri üzerinde anlamlı bir etkisinin olduğu saptanmıştır. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre araştırmanın teorik ve pratik katkıları tartışılmıştır.
The Development of Microbial Count, Psychrotrophic Count, Odor, and Catalase Activity in Chicken Meat Treated with Organic Acid During Shelf Life at Refrigerated Storage
Authors: Bin Jasass F.M.
Published: June 2022

This study was conducted to evaluate the shelf life of chicken meat after treatment with 10% trisodium phosphate (TSP), 1% lactic acid (LA), and 0.5% acetic acid (AA) solutions. Total count, psychrotrophic count, off-odor, and catalase activity were examined. Chicken carcasses were sprayed with TSP, LA, AA, for 10 seconds and stored at 4 ± 0.5°C for 15 days. Total count of chicken surface control reached 6.5 log CFU/g after 7 days while it reached 5.8, 5.5, and 6.2 log CFU/g in, 10% TS, 0.5% AA, and 1% LA after 13 days of storage, respectively. Total count and psychrotrophic count were significantly lower (P<0.05) for chicken samples treated with LA, AA and TSP than the control samples throughout the entire storage period. Sensory acceptability limit (off-odors) was reached for the control chicken samples on the day 7th, on day 13th for the samples treated with LA, and on day 15th for TSP, and AA treated samples. The number of the catalase positive colonies increased in the control from 78% to 93% within 7 day; also it increased from 70% to 90% in treated samples within 7 day. At the end of the storage period, the effectiveness of TSP and AA was higher than that of LA. The use of TSP, AA, and LA extended the shelf-life period 8, 8, and 6 days for chicken meats, respectively.
Future directions for the application of computer ethics to protect the people and institutions
Authors: Alsultanny Yas A.
Published: June 2022

Computer ethics represented by computer ethics rules that must govern and regulate the relationship between all the groups benefiting from the computer and by maintaining the security and privacy of information through the three main parties; They are the beneficiaries, suppliers of telecommunications service providers and software suppliers. Party mediator between the three parties is the legislative and regulatory bodies. The last group must be established by all the countries, which include the experts in the field of information technology and communication as well as the legislator’s laws. The countries need regulatory institutions, that responsible for monitoring and follow-up the rule and laws that govern the computer ethics, to maintain the privacy of individuals and institutions, especially after the application of e-government in most countries of the world, and increased use of electronic commerce. Internet Information faces many breakthroughs in order to steal information or fraud to steal money. This is in addition to the need to protect youth and adolescents of the ideas and ethics that are offensive to communities and be an agent for demolition instead of being the progress factor of the society. It is therefore essential teaching of the ethics of computer use in schools and universities, organize workshops or forums relay everything novice in this area, and the opening of specialized programs at universities to provide the society for specialists in this area, has been addressed in this research the concept of globalization and the ethics of the profession of computer and their impact on different aspects of life, through the steady increase in Internet users and increase e-commerce applications. This has been addressed also to the more computer applications annoy for Internet users and to the kinds of breakthroughs that face individuals and institutions. So it was proposing a set of principles that must be followed, including the need to establish a foundation organized sector use of information systems and the Internet on the level of each country, in addition to creating a global institution with a membership of all countries in the world to follow up and regulate the use of information systems and the Internet, in line with the legislation of these countries with respect for each nation of laws and legislation of other countries in the organization of sector use of information systems.
Konut Tasarımında Katılımcı Planlamanın Önemi: Bakü Örneği
Authors: AHMADOVA Solmaz , YAMAÇLI Ruşen
Published: June 2022

Katılımcı planlama; kentsel planlamayı erişilebilir, topluluk odaklı ve eğlenceli hale getiren aktif, yaşanabilir şehirler tasarlamaya yönelik bir yaklaşım olmaktadır. Yerel bilgi ile uzmanlık bilgisinin harmanlanmasının güçlü sonuçlara yol açtığı inancına dayanmaktadır. Bu nedenle çalışma, mevcut bilginin çeşitli biçimlerini bütünleştiren ve kentsel planlamada paydaş katılımı için gelişmiş destek sağlayan kentsel planlama için kavramsal bir katılımcı tasarım çerçevesini açıklamaktadır. Bu çalışma, katılımcı planlama süreçlerinin başarısını artırmayı amaçlayan benzer çalıştayların uygulanması için fikir ve öneriler sunmaktadır. Araştırma metodolojisi, mevcut mevzuat çerçevesinde yerel yönetimler tarafından kabul edilen şehirlerin normatif yasal düzenlemelerinin sistemleştirilmesinden, bunların kentsel planlama faaliyetleri, yatırım ortamı, çevre üzerindeki etkilerinin analiz edilmesinden oluşan ve ele alınan soruna entegre bir yaklaşıma dayanmaktadır. Temel araştırma yöntemlerinden biri deneysel tasarım yöntemidir. Çalışma, Azerbaycan'ın Bakü şehrinde gerçekleştirilen pratik tasarım ve kural koyma çalışmalarına dayanmaktadır.
Karma Arazi Kullanımı ve Arazi Kullanım Çeşitliliğinin Ölçülmesi
Authors: KUT GÖRGÜN Esra , CUBUKCU K. Mert
Published: June 2022

‘Karma Arazi Kullanımı’ (Mixed Landuse) yaklaşımı, kentsel planlama ve arazi kullanım politikalarında ‘Bölgeleme (Zoning)’ planlama sistemine bir alternatif olarak gelişmiştir. Karma arazi kullanımı; Akıllı Büyüme (Smart Growth), Yeni Şehircilik (New Urbanism) ve Transit Odaklı Gelişme (Transit Oriented Development- TOD) gibi modern kent politikaları çerçevesinde ve yaşanabilir şehirlerin bileşenlerinden biri olarak değerlendirilmektedir. Karma arazi kullanımı özelindeki araştırmalara, onun olumlu ve olumsuz yönlerine ilginin artmasıyla birlikte karma arazi kullanımının ölçülmesi önemli bir husus olmuştur. Çalışmanın amacı; karma arazi kullanımını tanımlamak, karma arazi kullanımının kentsel alandaki olumlu ve olumsuz yansımalarını açıklamak, ölçme yöntemlerini belirtmek ve Türkiye’de orta büyüklükteki bir şehir için Manisa’da gerçek verileri kullanarak yaygın olarak kullanılan ölçme yöntemlerinden entropi endeksi ve benzemezlik endeksini uygulamaktır. Son olarak, mekansal otokorelasyon yöntemi kullanarak bu endekslerin farklılaşmasının mekânsal dağılımını incelemek hedeflenmektedir. Sonuçlar, endekslerin arasında yüksek bir korelasyon olmasına rağmen farklılıklarının mevcut olduğunu ve bu farklılıkların kümelenme eğiliminde olduğunu göstermektedir. Çalışmanın, karma arazi kullanımının ölçülmesinde uygun yöntemin seçilmesine yardımcı olması beklenmektedir.
Dünyada ve Türkiye’de Uluslararası Öğrenci Hareketliliğinin Mekânsal Perspektiften İncelenmesi
Authors: TEKİN Mehmet Kadri
Published: June 2022

Bu çalışma, günümüz insan hareketliliğinin en önemli bileşenlerinden biri olan uluslararası öğrenci hareketliliği üzerine odaklanmaktadır. UNESCO (2000-2019 yılları arası) ve YÖK (2013-2021 yılları arası) verilerinden hareketle uluslararası öğrencilerin mekânsal dağılışları CBS’de tematik yöntemlerle haritalandırılmıştır. Üretilen bu haritalar betimsel analiz yöntemi ile irdelenmiştir. İlk olarak uluslararası öğrencilerin küresel ölçekteki dağılış durumları ele alınmış daha sonra Türkiye’ye gelen öğrencilerin hangi ülkelerden geldiği ortaya konulmuştur. Bununla birlikte Türkiye’deki uluslararası öğrencilerin kent ve üniversite bazındaki dağılışları da incelendi. Buna göre uluslararası öğrenci hareketliliğini belirleyen temel dinamiklerin ülkelerin, bölgelerin, kentlerin ve üniversitelerin gelişmişlik düzeyleri olduğu belirlendi. Dünya genelinde uluslararası öğrenciler daha çok gelişmiş ülkeleri tercih ederlerken kaynak bölgelerinin ise daha çok az gelişmiş ve gelişmekte olan ülkeler olduğu sonucu ortaya çıktı. Özellikle son yıllarda sayıları hızla artan Türkiye’de ise uluslararası öğrenciler, ülkenin batı, orta-batı bölümünde yer alan kentlerde ve üniversitelerde yoğunluk oluşturmaktadır.
14 years of lidar measurements of Polar Stratospheric Clouds at the French Antarctic Station Dumont d'Urville
Authors: Tencé Florent , Jumelet Julien , Bouillon Marie , Cugnet David , Bekki Slimane , Safieddine Sarah , Keckhut Philippe , Sarkissian Alain
Published: June 2022

Abstract. Polar Stratospheric Clouds (PSC) play a critical role in the stratospheric ozone depletion processes. The last 30 years have seen significant improvements in our understanding of the PSC processes but PSC parametrization in global models still remains a challenge, due to the necessary trade-off between the complexity of PSC microphysics and tight model parametrization. The French Antarctic station Dumont d'Urville (DDU, 66.6° S – 140.0° E) has one of the few high latitude ground-based lidars in the Southern Hemisphere that has been monitoring PSC for decades. This study focuses on the PSC data record during the 2007–2020 period. First, the DDU lidar record is analyzed through three established classification schemes that prove to be mutually consistent: the PSC population observed above DDU is estimated to be of 35 % supercooled ternary solutions, more than 55 % nitric acid trihydrate mixtures and less than 10 % of water-ice dominated PSC. Detailed 2015 lidar measurements are presented to highlight interesting features of PSC fields above DDU. Then, combining a temperature proxy to lidar measurements, we build a trend of PSC days per year at DDU from ERA5 and NCEP reanalyses fitted on lidar measurements operated at the station. This significant 14-year trend of -5.7 PSC days per decade is consistent with recent temperature satellite measurements at high latitudes. Specific DDU lidar measurements are presented to highlight fine PSC features that are often sub-scale to global models and spaceborne measurements.
Methane emissions responsible for record-breaking atmospheric methane growth rates in 2020 and 2021
Authors: Feng Liang , Palmer Paul I. , Parker Robert J. , Lunt Mark F. , Boesch Hartmut
Published: June 2022

Abstract. The global atmospheric methane growth rates reported by NOAA for 2020 and 2021 are the largest since systematic measurements began in 1983. To explore the underlying reasons for these anomalous growth rates we use newly available methane data from the Japanese Greenhouse gases Observing SATellite (GOSAT) to estimate methane surface emissions. Relative to baseline values in 2019 we see the largest annual increases in methane emissions during 2020 over Eastern Africa (13 Tg), tropical Asia (4 Tg), tropical South America (3 Tg), and temperate Eurasia (3 Tg), and the largest reductions over China (-6 Tg) and India (-2 Tg). We find comparable emission changes in 2021, relative to 2019, except for tropical and temperate South America where emissions increased to 9 Tg and 5 Tg, respectively, and tropical Asian emissions increased to 8 Tg. The elevated contributions we saw in 2020 over the western half of Africa (-5 Tg) and Europe (-3 Tg) are substantially reduced in 2021, compared to our 2019 baseline. We find statistically significant positive correlations between anomalies of tropical methane emissions and groundwater, consistent with recent studies that have highlighted a growing role for microbial sources over the tropics. Emission reductions over India and China are expected in 2020 due to the Covid-19 shutdown but continued in 2021, which we do not currently understand. Based on a sensitivity study for which we assume a conservative 5 % decrease in hydroxyl concentrations in 2020, due to reduced pollutant emissions during the Covid-19 shutdown, we find that the global increase in our a posteriori emissions in 2020 is ~22 % lower than our control calculation. We conclude therefore that most of the observed increase in atmospheric methane during 2020 and 2021 is due to increased emissions.
Reduced surface fine dust under droughts over the southeastern United States during summertime: observations and CMIP6 model simulations
Authors: Li Wei , Wang Yuxuan
Published: June 2022

Abstract. Drought is an extreme hydroclimate event that has been
shown to cause an increase in surface fine dust near source regions, yet
the drought–dust relationship in regions predominantly influenced by
long-range-transported dust such as the southeastern USA (SEUS) has received
less attention. Using long-term surface fine-dust observations, the weekly US
Drought Monitor (USDM), and the monthly standardized
precipitation–evapotranspiration index (SPEI), this study unmasks spatial
disparity in drought–dust relationships in the contiguous USA (CONUS) where
the SEUS shows a decrease in surface dust concentrations during drought in
contrast to the expected increase in dust found in other CONUS regions.
Surface fine dust was found to decrease by ∼ 0.23 µg m−3 with a unit decrease in SPEI in the SEUS, as opposed to an
increase of ∼ 0.12 µg m−3 in the west. The
anomalies of dust elemental ratios, satellite aerosol optical depth (AOD),
and dust extinction coefficients suggest that both the emissions and
trans-Atlantic transport of African dust are weakened when the SEUS is under
droughts. Through the teleconnection patterns of the negative North Atlantic
Oscillation (NAO), a lower-than-normal and more northeastward displacement
of the Bermuda High (BH) is present during SEUS droughts, which results in
less dust being transported into the SEUS. At the same time, enhanced
precipitation in the Sahel associated with the northward shift of the
Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) leads to lower dust emissions therein.
Of the 10 selected models participating in the sixth phase of the Coupled
Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6), GISS-E2-1-G was found to perform the
best in capturing the drought–dust sensitivity in the SEUS. This study
reveals the mechanism of how droughts influence aerosol abundance through
changing long-range transport of dust.
The 8.2 ka event in northern Spain: timing, structure and climatic impact from a multi-proxy speleothem record
Authors: Kilhavn Hege , Couchoud Isabelle , Drysdale Russell N. , Rossi Carlos , Hellstrom John , Arnaud Fabien , Wong Henri
Published: June 2022

Abstract. The 8.2 ka event is regarded as the most prominent climate anomaly of the Holocene, and is thought to have been triggered by a meltwater release to the North Atlantic that was of sufficient magnitude to disrupt the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC). It is most clearly captured in Greenland ice-core records, where it is reported as a cold and dry anomaly lasting ~160 years, from 8.25 ± 0.05 ka BP until 8.09 ± 0.05 ka BP (Thomas et al., 2007). It is also recorded in several archives in the North Atlantic region, however its interpreted timing, evolution and impacts vary significantly. This inconsistency is commonly attributed to poorly constrained chronologies and/or inadequately resolved time series. Here we present a high-resolution speleothem record of early Holocene palaeoclimate from El Soplao Cave in northern Spain, a region pertinent to studying the impacts of AMOC perturbations on south-western Europe. We explore the timing and impact of the 8.2 ka event on a decadal scale by coupling speleothem stable carbon and oxygen isotopic ratios, trace element ratios (Mg / Ca and Sr / Ca) and growth rate. Throughout the entire speleothem record, δ18O variability is related to changes in effective recharge. This is supported by the pattern of changes in δ13C, Mg / Ca and growth rate. The 8.2 ka event is marked as a centennial-scale negative excursion in El Soplao δ18O, starting at 8.19 ± 0.06 ka BP and lasting until 8.05 ± 0.05 ka BP, suggesting increased recharge at the time. Although this is supported by the other proxies, the amplitude of the changes is minor and largely within the realm of variability over the preceding 1000 years. Further, the shift to lower δ18O leads the other proxies, which we interpret as the imprint of the change in the isotopic composition of the moisture source, associated with the meltwater flux to the North Atlantic. A comparison with other well-dated records from south-western Europe reveals that the timing of the 8.2 ka event was synchronous, with an error-weighted mean age for the onset of 8.23 ± 0.03 ka BP and 8.10 ± 0.05 ka BP for the end of the event. This compares favourably with the NGRIP record. The comparison also reveals that the El Soplao δ18O is structurally similar to the other archives in south-western Europe, and the NGRIP ice-core record.
Regional evaluation of the performance of the global CAMS chemical modeling system over the United States (IFS cycle 47r1)
Authors: Williams Jason E.​​​​​​​ , Huijnen Vincent , Bouarar Idir , Meziane Mehdi , Schreurs Timo , Pelletier Sophie , Marécal Virginie , Josse Beatrice , Flemming Johannes
Published: June 2022

Abstract. The Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS) provides routine analyses and forecasts of trace gases and aerosols on a global scale. The core
is the European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) Integrated Forecast System (IFS), where modules for atmospheric chemistry and aerosols have been introduced and which allows for
data assimilation of satellite retrievals of composition. We have updated both the homogeneous and heterogeneous NOx chemistry applied in the three independent tropospheric–stratospheric
chemistry modules maintained within CAMS, referred to as IFS(CB05BASCOE), IFS(MOCAGE) and IFS(MOZART). Here we focus on the evaluation of main trace
gas products from these modules that are of interest as markers of air quality, namely lower-tropospheric O3, NO2 and CO,
with a regional focus over the contiguous United States. Evaluation against lower-tropospheric composition reveals overall good performance, with chemically induced biases within 10 ppb across species for
regions within the US with respect to a range of observations. The versions show overall equal or better performance than the CAMS reanalysis, which
includes data assimilation. Evaluation of surface air quality aspects shows that annual cycles are captured well, albeit with variable seasonal
biases. During wintertime conditions there is a large model spread between chemistry schemes in lower-tropospheric O3
(∼ 10 %–35 %) and, in turn, oxidative capacity related to NOx lifetime differences. Analysis of differences in the
HNO3 and PAN formation, which act as reservoirs for reactive nitrogen, revealed a general underestimate in PAN formation over polluted
regions, likely due to too low organic precursors. Particularly during wintertime, the fraction of NO2 sequestered into PAN has a variability
of 100 % across chemistry modules, indicating the need for further constraints. Notably, a considerable uncertainty in HNO3 formation
associated with wintertime N2O5 conversion on wet particle surfaces remains. In summary, this study has indicated that the chemically induced differences in the quality of CAMS forecast products over the United States depends
on season, trace gas, altitude and region. While analysis of the three chemistry modules in CAMS provide a strong handle on uncertainties
associated with chemistry modeling, the further improvement of operational products additionally requires coordinated development involving
emissions handling, chemistry and aerosol modeling, complemented with data-assimilation efforts.
Comparison of machine learning techniques for reservoir outflow forecasting
Authors: García-Feal Orlando , González-Cao José , Fernández-Nóvoa Diego , Astray Dopazo Gonzalo , Gómez-Gesteira Moncho
Published: June 2022

Abstract. Reservoirs play a key role in many human societies due to their capability to manage water resources. In addition to their role in water supply and hydropower production, their ability to retain water and control the flow makes them a valuable asset for flood mitigation. This is a key function since extreme events have increased in the last decades as a result of climate change, and therefore, the application of mechanisms capable of mitigating flood damage will be key in the coming decades. Having a good estimation of the outflow of a reservoir can be an advantage for water management or early warning systems. When historical data are available, data-driven models have been proven a useful tool for different hydrological applications. In this sense, this study analyses the efficiency of different machine learning techniques to predict reservoir outflow, namely multivariate linear regression (MLR) and three artificial neural networks: multilayer perceptron (MLP), nonlinear autoregressive exogenous (NARX) and long short-term memory (LSTM). These techniques were applied to forecast the outflow of eight water reservoirs of different characteristics located in the Miño River (northwest of Spain). In general, the results obtained showed that the proposed models provided a good estimation of the outflow of the reservoirs, improving the results obtained with classical approaches such as to consider reservoir outflow equal to that of the previous day. Among the different machine learning techniques analyzed, the NARX approach was the option that provided the best estimations on average.
Simulating the Holocene deglaciation across a marine-terminating portion of southwestern Greenland in response to marine and atmospheric forcings
Authors: Cuzzone Joshua K. , Young Nicolás E. , Morlighem Mathieu , Briner Jason P. , Schlegel Nicole-Jeanne
Published: June 2022

Abstract. Numerical simulations of the Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS) over geologic
timescales can greatly improve our knowledge of the critical factors driving
GrIS demise during climatically warm periods, which has clear relevance for
better predicting GrIS behavior over the upcoming centuries. To assess the
fidelity of these modeling efforts, however, observational constraints of
past ice sheet change are needed. Across southwestern Greenland, geologic
records detail Holocene ice retreat across both terrestrial-based and marine-terminating environments, providing an ideal opportunity to rigorously
benchmark model simulations against geologic reconstructions of ice sheet
change. Here, we present regional ice sheet modeling results using the
Ice-sheet and Sea-level System Model (ISSM) of Holocene ice sheet history
across an extensive fjord region in southwestern Greenland covering the
landscape around the Kangiata Nunaata Sermia (KNS) glacier and extending
outward along the 200 km Nuup Kangerula (Godthåbsfjord). Our
simulations, forced by reconstructions of Holocene climate and recently
implemented calving laws, assess the sensitivity of ice retreat across the
KNS region to atmospheric and oceanic forcing. Our simulations reveal that
the geologically reconstructed ice retreat across the terrestrial landscape
in the study area was likely driven by fluctuations in surface mass balance
in response to Early Holocene warming – and was likely not influenced
significantly by the response of adjacent outlet glaciers to calving and
ocean-induced melting. The impact of ice calving within fjords, however,
plays a significant role by enhancing ice discharge at the terminus, leading
to interior thinning up to the ice divide that is consistent with
reconstructed magnitudes of Early Holocene ice thinning. Our results,
benchmarked against geologic constraints of past ice-margin change, suggest
that while calving did not strongly influence Holocene ice-margin migration
across terrestrial portions of the KNS forefield, it strongly impacted
regional mass loss. While these results imply that the implementation and
resolution of ice calving in paleo-ice-flow models is important towards
making more robust estimations of past ice mass change, they also illustrate
the importance these processes have on contemporary and future long-term ice
mass change across similar fjord-dominated regions of the GrIS.
Snowfall and snow accumulation during the MOSAiC winter and spring seasons
Authors: Wagner David N. , Shupe Matthew D. , Cox Christopher , Persson Ola G. , Uttal Taneil , Frey Markus M. , Kirchgaessner Amélie , Schneebeli Martin , Jaggi Matthias , Macfarlane Amy R. , Itkin Polona , Arndt Stefanie , Hendricks Stefan , Krampe Daniela , Nicolaus Marcel , Ricker Robert , Regnery Julia , Kolabutin Nikolai , Shimanshuck Egor , Oggier Marc , Raphael Ian , Stroeve Julienne , Lehning Michael
Published: June 2022

Abstract. Data from the Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) expedition allowed us to investigate the temporal dynamics of snowfall, snow accumulation and erosion in great detail for almost the whole accumulation season (November 2019 to May 2020). We computed cumulative snow water equivalent (SWE) over the sea ice based on snow depth and density retrievals from a SnowMicroPen and approximately weekly measured snow depths along fixed transect paths. We used the derived SWE from the snow cover to compare with precipitation sensors installed during MOSAiC. The data were also compared with ERA5 reanalysis snowfall rates for the drift track. We found an accumulated snow mass of 38 mm SWE between the end of October 2019 and end of April 2020. The initial SWE over first-year ice relative to second-year ice increased from 50 % to 90 % by end of the investigation period. Further, we found that the Vaisala Present Weather Detector 22, an optical precipitation sensor, and installed on a railing on the top deck of research vessel Polarstern, was least affected by blowing snow and showed good agreements with SWE retrievals along the transect. On the contrary, the OTT Pluvio2 pluviometer and the OTT Parsivel2 laser disdrometer were largely affected by wind and blowing snow, leading to too high measured precipitation rates. These are largely reduced when eliminating drifting snow periods in the comparison. ERA5 reveals good timing of the snowfall events and good agreement with ground measurements with an overestimation tendency. Retrieved snowfall from the ship-based Ka-band ARM zenith radar shows good agreements with SWE of the snow cover and differences comparable to those of ERA5. Based on the results, we suggest the Ka-band radar-derived snowfall as an upper limit and the present weather detector on RV Polarstern as a lower limit of a cumulative snowfall range. Based on these findings, we suggest a cumulative snowfall of 72 to 107 mm and a precipitation mass loss of the snow cover due to erosion and sublimation as between 47 % and 68 %, for the time period between 31 October 2019 and 26 April 2020. Extending this period beyond available snow cover measurements, we suggest a cumulative snowfall of 98–114 mm.
Stratospheric wave driving events as an alternative to sudden stratospheric warmings
Authors: Reichler Thomas , Jucker Martin
Published: June 2022

Abstract. Natural variations in the strength of the northern
stratospheric polar vortex, so-called polar vortex events, help to improve
subseasonal-to-seasonal (S2S) predictions of winter climate. Past research
on polar vortex events has been largely focused on sudden stratospheric
warming events (SSWs), a class of relatively strong weakenings of the polar
vortex. Commonly, SSWs are defined when the polar vortex reverses its
climatological wintertime westerly wind direction. In this study, however,
we use an alternative definition, based on the weighted time-integrated
upward wave activity flux at the lower stratosphere. We use a long control
simulation with a stratosphere-resolving model and the ERA5 reanalysis to
compare various aspects of the wave activity definition with common SSWs
over the Arctic. About half of the wave events are identical to common SSWs.
However, there exist several advantages for defining stratospheric weak
extremes based on wave events rather than using the common SSW definition:
the wave activity flux definition captures with one criterion a variety of
different event types, detects strong SSWs and strong final warming events,
avoids weak SSWs that have little surface impact, and potentially lengthens
the prediction horizon of the surface response. We therefore conclude that
the wave driving represents a useful early indicator for stratospheric polar
vortex events, which exploits the stratospheric potential for creating
predictable surface signals better than common SSWs.
¿Fluye la tendencia monocrática en el sur de Europa?Una comparación entre España e Italia
Authors: Musella Fortunato , Fittipaldi Raffaella
Published: June 2022

En el texto se mostrará el desarrollo de una tendencia monocrática en España y Italia gracias al uso de variables como la fragmentación y la polarización, la iniciativa legislativa y el uso de decretos de gobierno. Estos aspectos aquí se analizan en un marco de doble personalización que ve este fenómeno interpenetrando tanto el frente institucional como el de la sociedad civil. A través del análisis se llega a la conclusión que a medida que aumentan la fragmentación y la polarización de las asambleas legislativas, el ejecutivo y sobre todo su presidente adquieren una primacía. Un cambio de paradigma en el cual hoy el “principio monocrático” parece prevalecer sobre el principio “colegiado”.
Cuidado e inteligencia artificial: una reflexión necesaria
Authors: Paladino María Soledad
Published: June 2022

La enfermería no es ajena al cambio revolucionario que supone la introducción de la inteligencia artificial en el cuidado de la salud. A principios de 2021 se publicaron las conclusiones del think-tank internacional sobre la inteligencia artificial y la enfermería, en las que se reconoce la relevancia del uso de dichas tecnologías para aumentar y extender las capacidades de esta disciplina, entre ellas, el cuidado. Una valoración ponderada acerca del acierto de estas conclusiones exige, necesariamente, una reflexión epistemológica sobre el cuidado. En el presente artículo reflexionaremos sobre la incidencia de la inteligencia artificial en el cuidado de enfermería desde la perspectiva de la ética del cuidado y a la luz de los principales aportes del Samaritanus Bonus.
Հին հայերենի քերականական մասնիկների դիրքափոխությունը (տարժամանակյա հայեցակետ)
Authors: Խաչատրյան Լալիկ
Published: June 2022

Հոդվածում տարաժամանակյա տիպաբանութան տեսանկյունից քննվում է հին հայերենի քերականական մասնիկների դիրքափոխությունը: Այդ իրողության ուսումնասիրությունն ի հայտ է բերում որոշակի տարբերություններ հայերենի տարբեր գոյավիճակների միջև, քերականական մասնիկների դիրքափոխությունն առավելապես բնութագրական է հին և արդի հայերենների հոլովման համակարգերին և ներառում է հոլովիչների ու հոլովակերտների դիրքային զանազան փոփոխությունները բառաձևերի արտահայտության պլանում, լեզվի տարժամանակյա կտրվածքում կարող է փոխվել հոլովաձևերի քերականական իմաստների արտահայտման եղանակը, ըստ որի բառաձևի կառուցվածքային պլանում փոխվում է նաև մասնիկների դասավորությունը, բառի ձևաբանական կառուցվածքում քերականական մասնիկների դիմափոխությունը կարող է փոխել հոլովի տիպաբանական բնութագիրը, բառաձևի կառուցվածքում քերականական մասնիկներն ունեն կայուն շարադասություն, և նրանց տարժամանակյա դիրքային փոփոխությունները պայմանավորված են լեզվակիր հանրության լեզվամտածողությամբ։
Պորտասարը՝ քաղաքակրթական բանալի
Authors: Մարգարյան Արաքս
Published: June 2022

Հոդվածում ներկայացվում է Պորտասարի (Գյոբեկլի թեփեի) հուշարձանը, որը համարվում է արդի քաղաքակրթության բնօրրանը: Վերջին տասնամյակում հուշարձանը դարձել է ամենահայտնի և ամենից շատ ուսումնասիրվող հնագիտական ու ճարտարապետական կառույցը: Իր բազմաշերտ մեգալիթյան ենթակառույցներով, անտրոպոմորֆ և պաշտամունքային պատկերներով հուշարձանը եզակի է և գտնվում է Արևմտյան Հայաստանի (այժմ Անատոլիա) ու Լևանտայի մշակութային դաշտում և նույն աշխարհագրական տարածաշրջանում դառնալով կարևոր հանգույց, որի համալիր վերծանումը կհանգեցնի մարդկության ծագման ու զարգացման իրական պատմության վերընթերցմանն ու վերարժևորմանը: Պորտասարում են ձևավորվել նախնադարի ինստիտուցիոնալ առաջին կառույցները, այստեղից է սկիզբ առել մոնումենտալ ճարտարապետությունը:
Urar tu երկրանունը դաշնային պետության անվանում
Authors: Պետրոսյան Սարգիս
Published: June 2022

Հոդվածում քննարկվում է Ուրարտու թագավորության որպես դաշնային պետական կազմավորում ստեղծված լինելու և դրա հետ ուղղակի կապի մեջ եղող պետության անվան առաջացման հարցերը: Հնդեվրոպական միասնության դարաշրջանից եկած ավանդույթի համաձայն' Արևի աստվածը, իրեն վերապահված իրավարար գործառույթներից ելնելով, հանդես էր գալիս նաև որպես եռադասյա հասարակության դասերի միջև կնքված դաշինքի հովանավոր: Արևի աստվածը պաշտելի էր Ուրարտական թագավորության երեք դասերի համար, բայց առավելագույն պաշտամունքի նա արժանացել էր քրմական դասի վերնախավի կողմից: Վերջինիս կենտրոնատեղին Վանա լճի արևելյան ափին գտնվող Տոսպ-Վանն (սեպագր. Tušpa) էր: Իր ունեցած ռազմավարական կարևոր դիրքի հետ միասին այս հանգամանքը ևս իր կարևոր դերն էր ունեցել նորաստեղծ պետության մայրաքաղաքի ընտրության հարցում:
Շիրակը առևտրական ճանապարհների վրա (ըստ XVI-XVШ դարերի դրամների)
Authors: Բոյան Վեռա
Published: June 2022

Հայ ժողովուրդը իր բազմադարյան պատմության ընթացքում քաղաքական, սոցիալական և տնտեսական ծանր պայմաններում գոյատևման և ինքնության պահպանման միջոցներ է որոնել և մշակույթի ազգային դրսևորումներով նպաստել դրանց պահպանմանն ու սերնդեսերունդ փոխանցմանը: Այդ միջոցներից կարելի է համարել առևտրական մշակույթի հմտությունների յուրացումը և համաշխարհային առևտրում էական դեր ունենալը:
Study of Fetomaternal Outcome of Teenage Pregnancy
Authors: Baloch Sanobar , Farooq Sumaiya , Awan Shazia
Published: June 2022

Background: Everywhere in the globe, the issue of teenage pregnancies is a major public health problem. Pregnant girls and their fetuses are at high risk for a range of health difficulties that are hard to overcome, including physical, social, and medical issues. Aim: To find out how teenage pregnancy affects the fetomaternal outcome. Methodology: Retrospective research was done at Indus Medical Collage, Tando Muhammad Khan for six months. A total of 260 pregnant teens were chosen for the study. Researchers looked at data on the prevalence, ages, parities, booking status, levels of education and socioeconomic position, as well as medical conditions, labour issues, delivery methods, and newborn outcomes. Results: There were 260 pregnant adolescent girls in this group. As a result, 5.56 % of adolescent pregnancies occurred. 216 (83.46%) of the 260 adolescent pregnant women were 19 years old, while 43 (16.53 %) were 18 years old. 7 (2.69%) of women had a first-trimester abortion, 3 (1.15%) had a second-trimester abortion, and 2 had an ectopic pregnancy (0.76 5 ). Teen pregnancy problems include preterm labor 52 (20%) and Cephalon Pelvic Disproportion 40 (15.38%) as well as fetal distress 31 (11.92%) and obstructed labor 9 (3.46 %). Neonatal complications in teenage pregnancy preterm babies 56(21.53 %), low birth weight babies<2.5kg 81 (31.15%), 72 (27.69 %) NICU admission, perinatal death 8 (3.07 %). Conclusion: Due to the greater risk of complications during childbirth that is connected with pregnancies in adolescence, mothers and children in the United States may get additional attention from the nation's health care systems. Keywords: Teenage pregnancy, Pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH), stillbirth, preterm Labour, Low Birth Weight, pre-Eclampsia.
Health practitioners' personality patterns as determinants of psychological immunity against the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Al-Qahtani Dhafer Mohammed Hamad , Katatbh Yahya Mubarak Suleiman , Al-Ahmed Ahmed Saad Nasser
Published: June 2022

The study aimed to investigate whether or not health practitioners' personality patterns act as determinants of immunity against the COVID-19 pandemic. The study drew on Ashton and Lee's (2009) Personality Patterns Scale and Natour's (2020) Psychological Immunity Scale. A sample of 240 respondents completed the two scales. The results of the study indicated that there were no differences in some dimensions of psychological immunity of the pandemic health practitioners during the COVID-19 among the community members depending on the gender, job position, and academic degree variable. Meanwhile, the study found that the job position, academic degree, age, and workplace variables were relate to differences in some personality patterns. The differences related to all dimensions were in favor of the health practitioners with the highest years of experience. Finally, a high correlation coefficient of 0.776 was also found between psychological immunity with its dimensions (hardness, sources, and optimism) and health practitioners' personality patterns during the COVID-19 pandemic. The value of the coefficient of determination (0.603 = R2) indicates that psychological immunity accounts for 60.3% of the variation in personality patterns, and the existence of an effect of psychological immunity on health practitioners' personality patterns during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Genotypic detection of lifA and fimH genes in Enter-Pathogenic E.coli Isolated from children suffering from diarrhea in AL-Najaf City, Iraq
Authors: Bager Anaam Mutter , Naeem Ahlam Kadhum
Published: June 2022

This study aimed to identification of genotypic characterization of lifA and fimH genes in 30 Enteropathogenic E.coli (EPEC) isolated from children suffering from diarrhea using Polymer Chain Reaction (PCR) technique. The results of agarose gel electrophoresis of lifA  and fimH amplicons showed that 19(63%) and 25(83%) isolates were possess these gene respectively.Conclusions: There were high incidence of fimH and lifA genes in EPEC isolated from children suffering from diarrhea.
Fake news detection through deep learning techniques
Authors: Rautela Jay , Ramalingam V. V , Makhdoomi Hamaad
Published: June 2022

This paper aims to predict whether a given news article is real or fake. We use the dataset available on Kaggle. We then implement several deep learning models (Long short-term Memory (LSTM), Multi-layerPerceptron (MLP), Convolution Neural Networks (CNN), Hybrid CNN-LSTM on this dataset. For these models we examine the effects of character-based vs. word-based models and pretrained embeddings vs. learned embeddings. We also compare the accuracies of various models and report the best accuracy which we would get from a particular model.
Detection of some genetic elements and virulence factorse in staphylococcus isolated from wound infections
Authors: Al–Issawi Salam Abdul kadhim Shadhan , Abdul-Razzaq Mohammad Sabri
Published: June 2022

Background: Detection of of some genetic elements and virulence   factorse  from wound  contaminated in bacteria : Aims this study: is to show the genetic elements that are present in staphylococci which confer the ability of staphylococci to colonize and invade the skin Methods: This study included 12 Staphylococci isolates out of a total of 300 clinical wound samples. Patients were admitted to three main hospitals in Hilla city, Iraq, during the period from first  October, 2021 to the end of December 2021.. Results: It was observed that there staphylococci when classified according to coagulase synthesis , only 25 isolates of staphylococci (40.3%) are coagulase positive and the others 37 isolates (59.7%) are coagulase negative staphylococci. Among coagulase negative staphylococci , the most common species that are isolated in this study is S.epidermidis , followed by S.haemolyticus and S.hominis where as all coagulase positive bacteria are related to S.aureus.
Corrosion inhibitor of carbon steel in 3.5%NaCl solution with Schiff base compounds
Authors: Mohammed Mayada Talib , Al-Sieadi Wadhah Naji , Al-jeilawi Oday H. R.
Published: June 2022

In this work, synthesized N4,N4`-bis(2, 3, 4 nitro benzylidene) biphenyi-4-4`-diamine(B1-B3) , was tested as an inhibitors in controlling the corrosion of carbon steel in NaCl 3.5% solution by using open circuit potential (OCP),at four different temperatures (293, 303, 313 and 323 K). Furthermore, the surface morphology was investigated using the Atomic force microscopy (AFM). The effect of using different Schiff bases and temperature was also investigated. Schiff bases was synthesized and characterized via using. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR)and Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) characterized . The experimental results shown that Schiff bases can consider as an excellent corrosion inhibitors for carbon steel in NaCl 3.5% solution, by presence of Schiff bases the corrosion of carbon steel was significantly suppressed. The inhibition efficiency is decreased with the increases of temperature. Kinetic and thermodynamic activation parameters (Ea, A, ΔH*, ΔS* and ΔG*) were calculated.
Modul Pembelajaran Berbasis Masalah Kontekstual untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis Matematika
Authors: Pandia Wajib , Sitepu Israil
Published: June 2022

Dapat disaksikan betapa ketrampilan berpikir kritis matematika (KBKM) para peserta didik relatif masih rendah. Realitas pembelajaran bidang studi matematika di kelas pada umumnya bersifat monoton. Karateristik ini pada umumnya akan membawa peserta didik merasa bosan, malas, pasif sehingga tidak ada cetusan niat untuk mengembangkan kemampuan bernalar. Salah satu cara mengatasi rendahnya ketrampilan berpikir kritis matematika ini adalah pembelajaran berbasis masalah model kontekstual (PBMK). Penelitian ini merupakan tinjauan pustaka, yang mengambil sumber data skunder untuk kemudian dianalisis dan dideskripsikan dengan panduan teoretik yang telah ditentukan. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data oleh peneliti dapat disimpulkan bahwa pada umumnya peserta didik yang mendapatkan model PBMK cenderung memiliki ketrampilan yang lebih baik. Singkat kata hasil analisis data observasi menunjukkan bahwa model PBMK dapat meningkatkan aktivitas belajar siswa.
Pengaruh Sesi Komunikasi, Informasi dan Edukasi terhadap Status Gizi Anak di bawah Usia 3 Tahun di Rumah Sakit Muhammadiyah Gresik
Authors: Hamidah Siti
Published: June 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas sesi komunikasi, informasi, dan edukasi gizi selama sebulan terhadap peningkatan status gizi pada anak di bawah usia 3 tahun. Ini adalah uji coba kontrol acak yang dilakukan di Rumah Sakit Gresik Muhammadiyah, Gresik, Jawa Timur, Indonesia. Sampel 160 anak di bawah 3 tahun dipilih untuk penelitian ini. Sampel dialokasikan secara acak ke dalam kelompok eksperimen dan kelompok kontrol dengan masing-masing kelompok terdiri dari 80 anak. Variabel dependen adalah berat untuk usia dalam z-score. Variabel independennya adalah informasi, pendidikan dan komunikasi (IEC). Setelah intervensi ICE, berat rata-rata untuk usia z-score pada kelompok eksperimen (Mean= 1.50; SD= 1,30) lebih tinggi dari berat rata-rata untuk usia z-score pada kelompok kontrol (Mean= -0,50; SD= 1,10), dan secara statistik signifikan (p= 0,023). Sesi komunikasi, informasi, dan edukasi gizi selama sebulan yang ditujukan kepada ibu efektif untuk meningkatkan status gizi anak di bawah usia 3 tahun.
The efficacy of gum arabic coating in postharvest preservation of grapes
Authors: Ghanem Rabab , Hassanein Raifa , Elkhawas Saher , Younis Abeer
Published: June 2022

The current study evaluated the efficacy of gum arabic (GA) safe edible coating on nutritional properties, phenolic compounds, and antioxidant capacity of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) cv. ‘Flame Seedless’. The grapes were coated with 0, 1, 3, 5, 7% GA, and then stored at 4 ± 1°C with 90 ± 2% RH for 30 days. GA coating at 5% significantly reduced weight loss, repressed titratable acidity (TA) degradation, and postponed the rise of total soluble solid (TSS) content. Also, 5% GA treatment suppressed the loss of ascorbic acid (AA), total phenolic content (TPC), as well as individual phenolic compounds. Moreover, 5% GA-coated fruits exhibited substantially the highest antioxidant capacity (DPPH), antioxidant enzyme activities (POD and CAT), and anthocyanin content. Therefore, it is evident that GA at 5% is a potential postharvest coating to maintain overall quality of ‘Flame Seedless’ grapevine fruit during cold storage.
Prevalence and Clinical Profile of Hypokalemia and Hyperkalemia in Admitted Patients of General Medicine Department at a Tertiary Care Centre of Bihar
Authors: Pandey Jamuna , Mishra Amit , Kumar Sudhir , Kumar Samir , Kumar Amarkant
Published: June 2022

Objective: The goal of this study was to look into the occurrence and etiology of potassium abnormalities (hypokalemia and hyperkalemia) in hospitalised patients, as well as treatment options. Subjects and Methods: All hospitalized patients at tertiary care centre who had at least one measurement of serum potassium throughout their stay were included in the study. The hospital records included information on electrolyte levels in the blood, demographic characteristics, admission reasons, drugs, the etiology of potassium abnormalities, and treatment techniques. Results: A blood potassium anomaly was found in 1,265 (14.0%) of the 9,045 hospitalised patients; 604 (6.7%) had hypokalemia and 661 (7.30%) had hyperkalemia. The most important explanations for hypokalemia were gastrointestinal losses in 555 (91.8%) of patients and renal losses in 252 (41.7%) of patients. Correcting the underlying cause and replenishing the potassium shortage were the most common therapy techniques. At hospital release, 319 (52.8%) of the 604 hypokalemic patients were normokalemic. Treatment with renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system blockers was the most common cause of hyperkalemia in 228 (34.4%) patients, followed by renal failure in 191. (28.8 percent ). Patients were observed for 298 days (45.0%) without receiving any specific treatment. At hospital discharge, 324 (49.0 percent) of the 661 hyperkalemic patients were normal. Conclusion: The prevalence of potassium imbalance was found to be high among hospitalised patients in this study. Despite the fact that the majority of the potassium abnormalities were mild/moderate, about half of the patients treated for hypokalemia or hyperkalemia were discharged with persistent dyskalemia.