bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Assessment of Heme Oxygenase-1 and Glutathione-S-transferase in Obese Iraqi Patients
Authors: Mohammed Nabaa Adnan , Khaleel Fayhaa M.
Published: November 2023

هدفت الدراسة إلى الكشف عن العلاقة بين الهيم أوكسيجينيز-1 (HO-1) والجلوتاثيون- S- ترانسفيراز (GST) في مرضى السمنة ضد الاجهاد التأكسدي. اشتملت الدراسة على 139 عينة أعمارهم 35-65 سنة مقسمة إلى مجموعتين حسب الجنس مجموعات (نساء ورجال)، وأربع مجاميع حسب مؤشر كتلة الجسم (BMI)، وتم جمع عينات الدم في مستشفى اليرموك في الفترة من سبتمبر / 2022 إلى يناير / 2023. تم قياس بعض المتغيرات الكيميائية الحيوية لجميع مجموعات الدراسة، والتي تشمل: - تحديد مستويات HO-1 في الدم باستخدام تقنية ELISA ,ملف الدهون ,GST activity والسكر الصائم FSG بالطريقة الانزيمية. تم العثور على BMI نسبة الخصر إلى الورك WHR والبروتين الدهني منخفض الكثافة (LDL) زيادة معنوية بشكل ملحوظ [(38.83±0.44b) (32.03 ±0.26a) (26.40±0.22d) (23.10±0.28c)] و [(1.01±0.03b) (0.92±0.02ab) (0.93±0.01ab) (0.88±0.01a)] و [(80.42±7.47a) (99.74±6.63ab) (112.93±10.12b) (83.94±8.95ab)] على التوالي. بينما لا يوجد فرق معنوي مع المتغيرات الاخرى في ملف الدهون والسكر الصائم ومؤشر تصلب الشرايين. أن مستويات HO-1 كانت أعلى في المجموعة السمنة مقارنة بمجموعة الاصحاء [(2.06 ± 0.09b) (1.95 ± 0.04ab) (1.88 ± 0.04ab) (1.75 ± 0.05a)] ng/mlعلى التوالي. أظهر أن زيادة مستوى GST في الأصحاء مقارنة مع مجموعات السمنة [(6.10± 0.57c) (4.120±0.69b) (2.44±0.21a) (2.71±0.30 ab) IU / L [على التوالي، اظهرت النتيجة زيادة في مؤشر كتلة الجسم، WHR وHO-1 في النساء البدينات ومؤشر كتلة الجسم، TG وVLDL في الذكور البدينين، بينما أظهرت زيادة في مستويات GST في النساء الأصحاء، أيضًا مستويات GST وLDL في مجموعة الذكور الأصحاء. نستنتج من هذه الدراسة. ان ارتفاع مستويات الهيم اوكسيجينيز-1 المتزامن مع انخفاض الجلوتاثيون- S- ترانسفيراز، تبين دورهما الأساسي في إزالة السموم، والحماية من الإجهاد التأكسدي، والوقاية من تطور الأمراض الأيضية.
Exploring challenges and supports for writing in Standard Australian English for Australian secondary English as an Additional Language/Dialect Students: A scoping study
Authors: Kitson Lisbeth , Li Minglin
Published: November 2023

The overall purpose of this study was to explore the identified language challenges and supports for writing in Standard Australian English for secondary English as an Additional Language or Dialect (EAL/D) students. An initial review of the academic literature revealed that this research topic has not been extensively researched within the Australian context. For this reason, this research project involved a systematic scoping study of the academic literature, based on the framework of Arksey and O’Malley (2005). This scoping study mapped the current research, and through a content analysis, synthesised the findings. In total, Level 1 searching of five digital data bases revealed 77 potential studies based on key word searches of titles and abstracts, published from 2010-2022. Further reading and searching refined these to 35 articles that addressed the research question. These articles revealed a range of themes that either challenged or supported the writing process for Australian EAL/D secondary students. These related to aspects at the policy, contextual and classroom level that shaped teachers’ knowledge practice, beliefs and skills in relation to teaching and learning, planning and assessing writing in a range of secondary areas. Gaps in the literature and a way forward, as well as implications for the future are discussed.
Penton Herrera, L. J. (2022). English and Students with Limited or Interrupted Formal Education: Global perspectives on teacher preparation and classroom practice
Authors: Rillera Kempster Jemima
Published: November 2023

Book review
Th9 cytokines inhibit proliferation, promote apoptosis, and immune escape in thyroid carcinoma cells
Authors: Ying Xinyu , Ma Xinyi , Yang Ziru , Zhou Bo
Published: November 2023

Objective: To investigate the regulatory effects of T helper 9 (Th9) cytokines on the proliferation, apoptosis and immune escape of thyroid cancer cells.
Methods:The survival rate of human thyroid cancer cell line TPC-1 after treatment with 0, 1, 2.5, 5, 10, 20 ng/ml IL-9 (or IL-21) was determined by CCK-8 method and suitable concentrations of IL-9 and IL-21 were screened out. The TPC-1 cells cultured in vitro were randomly grouped into control group, IL-9 group, IL-21 group and IL-9+IL-21 group. After treatment with IL-9 and IL-21 factors, the proliferation and apoptosis of TPC-1 cells in each group were detected by CCK-8 method and flow cytometry respectively. The flow cytometry was applied to detect the proportion of Th9 and activated CD8+ T cells in human peripheral blood lymphocytes co-cultured with TPC-1 in each group. The expression of TPC-1 and IL-9R and IL-21R protein in each group and human peripheral blood lymphocytes.
Results: Compared with the control group, the cell viability PCNA and Bcl-2 protein expression in TPC-1 cells were lower in the IL-9 group, IL-21 group and IL-9+IL-21 group (P<0.05). The apoptosis rate, proportions of Th9 and activated CD8+ T cells, killing rate of human peripheral blood lymphocytes, the expression of Bax and caspase-3 proteins in TPC-1 cells, the expression of TPC-1 and human peripheral blood lymphocytes IL-9R and IL-21R proteins were all higher (P<0.05) in IL-9+IL-21 group compared with the IL-9 group and the IL-21 group. The cell viability, PCNA and Bcl-2 protein expression in TPC-1 cells in the IL-9+IL-21 group were all lower (P<0.05).
Conclusion:Th9 cytokines can promote the differentiation of Th9 cells and CD8+ T cells, enhance their lethality, reduce the immune escape of thyroid cancer cells, and then inhibit their proliferation and promote their apoptosis.
Exploring the Properties of Zr2CO2/GaS Van der Waals Heterostructures for Optoelectronic Applications
Authors: Abdul Abdul , Khan Altaf Ur Rahman , Bo Jing , Khan Jehan Akbar , Abbasi Qammer H. , JingFu Bao
Published: November 2023

We investigate the structural, electronic and optical properties of eight possible Zr2CO2/GaS van der Waals heterostructures using first-principles calculations. These structures display favorable stability, indicated by matching crystal structures and a negative formation energy (-6.57 eV). In all configurations, they act as indirect bandgap semiconductors with a type-II band alignment, allowing eﬀicient electron- hole separation. Optical studies reveal their suitability for optoelectronic applications. Zr2CO2/GaS under 3% biaxial compressive strain meets the criteria for photocatalytic water splitting, suggesting their potential for electronic and optoelectronic devices in the visible spectrum. Our findings present prospects for advanced photocatalytic materials and optical devices.
Sustainable sewage water treatment based on natural plant coagulant: Moringa oleifera (Moringa Seeds)
Authors: Shabani Nzeyimana Bahati , Mary A.Daisy Caroline
Published: November 2023

Sustainable sewage water treatment is becoming increasingly important in the current global scenario of water scarcity and environmental degradation. One promising technique in natural plant coagulation that has gained attention in recent years is the use of Moringa oleifera for wastewater treatment. The statement of my study was to investigate the effectiveness of Moringa oleifera in reducing turbidity and impurities in sewage water using a jar test as a qualitative technique in coagulant and flocculation, analyze physical and chemical parameters for raw water and treated water, the optimum dose shown to treat water was 0.4g/1000ml. The obtained result indicated that Moringa oleifera is effective in reducing turbidity respectively by 92%, COD by 88%, Total solids by 96%, Chloride by 75%, Total hardness by 74%, Inorganic phosphorous by 68%, and BOD found. This study concludes that the use of Moringa oleifera for sustainable sewage water treatment is a promising green technique that has the potential to contribute more benefit to people, moringa oleifera as NPC for water treatment can lead to significant improvements in the quality of water and the health of societies while also promoting sustainability and environmental harmony.
Economic benefits may be the main driver of secondary metal production
Authors: PAN HUA , Guo Tianjiao
Published: November 2023

The current scientific community regards secondary metal production not only as a solution that may alleviate future resource shortages but also as an effective way to achieve energy savings and reduce environmental pollution. However, such studies usually assumes a linear value chain and ideal production conditions with high grades of scraps. More evidence needs to be provided to demonstrate the advantages of secondary production over primary production. In this work, we conducted an empirical analysis through production data of 6 categories of metals from 44 countries and 5 rest-of-the-world regions from 1995 to 2015, so as to partially illustrate the actual difference between primary production and secondary production in the world. Results show that secondary production has an advantage only in terms of economic profitability, and lags behind primary production in terms of energy demand, greenhouse gas emissions, and resource efficiency. We explored the reason for contradiction with the mainstream viewpoint, and discussed influencing factors and implications of our results. This study reveals the importance of both contextualization and globalization when establishing circular economy strategies and more sustainable metals management.
Benchmarking whole exome sequencing pipeline for predicting pathogenic variants of significance
Authors: Raju Ranjana Mariyam , Singh Ujjwal Prathap , Suravajhala Prashanth
Published: November 2023

Benchmarking whole exome pipelines is crucial for evaluating and comparing their performance in variant calling and clinical significance annotation. It enables researchers and clinicians to assess the accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of different pipelines and identify the most effective and reliable ones. In this study, we evaluated and compared the performance of our in-house consensus exome pipeline with a widely recognized gold standard Genome Analysis Toolkit (GATK) pipeline. Four datasets were used for evaluation, three 1000 Genome Project (1KGP) datasets and one Prostate cancer (PCa) Sample. The consensus pipeline consistently demonstrated a higher average transition-to-transversion (Ti/Tv) ratio, indicating enhanced precision in identifying single nucleotide variant (SNV) calls. This suggests that the consensus pipeline excels in effectively discerning true genetic variations from sequencing artefacts, particularly in the context of exome sequencing. Additionally, the pipeline exhibited increased sensitivity in detecting pathogenic and likely pathogenic variants in the PCa sample, further highlighting its efficacy in identifying clinically relevant variants. We also conducted a trio exome analysis with the use of two trio pipelines, viz. VarScan Trio and GATK joint calling pipelines on our erstwhile Congenital Pouch Colon (CPC) samples from our rare disease cohort which we published earlier and found that the GATK predicted a significantly higher number of variants compared to VarScan. Our study demonstrates a large potential for trio-variant calling analysis paving the way for precision medicine.
Factors associated with social participation among community-dwelling frail elderly people in Japan
Authors: anzai Saori , ohsugi Hironori , shiba Yoshitaka
Published: November 2023

Background
In recent years, it has become clear that participation in social activities by the elderly suppresses their need for long-term care. Likewise, social participation can promote long-term care prevention among frail elderly individuals who are at a higher risk of needing long-term care. However, their social participation rate is low, and the factors causing these low rates of participation are unclear. Therefore, this study identifies the factors affecting social participation of frail elderly people.
Methods
After excluding those certified as requiring long-term care, 28,636 elderly individuals within the target region were selected to receive questionnaires. The questionnaires were distributed and collected via mail. A total of 22,048 respondents (77.0%), including 9,325 men and 10,150 women, were included; 2,655 frail elderly individuals were identified for analysis. Questionnaire items inquired about social participation, basic attributes, need for long-term care, mobility, subjective health, direct and indirect contact with relatives living separately and direct and indirect contact with friends and neighbors. For the statistical analysis, this study employed a binomial logistic regression analysis with social participation as the objective variable.
Results
The rate of social participation among frail elderly individuals was 13.7%. Items related to social participation included sex, economic status, mobility, objective health, direct contact with friends, and indirect contact with friends.
Conclusions
Interactions with friends and neighbors and physical functionality are correlated with levels of social participation among frail elderly people, suggesting that social participation can be promoted by maintaining friendships, forming new ones, and maintaining and improving physical functionality.
Evaluation of Serum Levels of Ischemia Modified Albumin in a Nigerian Population with Primary Hypertension
Authors: Ochiogu Peace O. , Nwosu Smart , Esiaba Ijeoma
Published: November 2023

Objectives: Levels of Ischemia Modified Albumin (IMA) were determined in pre-hypertensives and hypertensives to possibly identify those at a greater risk of ischemic organ damage.
Methodology: Eighty-four (84) participants were recruited for this study. They were divided into three groups of 28 participants each based on their blood pressure namely normotensive, pre-hypertensive, and hypertensive. Demographic details of the participants were obtained using a questionnaire. The levels of IMA, serum lipid profile (total cholesterol, triglycerides, High Density Lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-c), and Low-Density Lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-c)), fasting blood glucose, serum electrolytes, urea, creatinine, and albumin, the ratio of triglyceride to HDL-c (TG-HDL-c), and triglyceride-glucose index (TyG) were investigated. Data obtained were analyzed using descriptive statistics, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), Pearson’s Chi-square test, partial correlations, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) statistics. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05.
Results: Levels of IMA were significantly elevated in the hypertensive group. After adjusting for age and BMI, IMA showed a significant positive correlation with systolic blood pressure, partial pressure, albumin, glucose, total cholesterol, LDL-c, and TG-HDL-c but a negative correlation with HDL-c and potassium. IMA also demonstrated a discriminative ability for elevated blood pressure with an ROC area under the curve of 0.75. With a cut-off value of 0.36 ABSU, it had a sensitivity of 0.64, specificity of 0.86, and Youden J index of 0.49.
Conclusion: Elevated IMA levels were correlated with biomarkers of dyslipidemia, dysglycemia, and insulin resistance. IMA levels could be used as a predictive marker of cardiovascular diseases related to ischemia and can help flag individuals at risk, thereby facilitating early treatment interventions.
The Quality of RF Signal Communication Performance of LoRa-RSSI Analysis Based on Various Environments Tests
Authors: Boonsong Wasana , Inthasuth Tanakorn , Kannan Umapathy
Published: November 2023

The impact of signal quality in smart farming based on the Internet of Things (IoT) regarding the innovative farm requires a wide area for collecting data from an agriculture plot. According to many wireless device technologies used in an intelligence farming project, improving radio frequency (RF) signal communication is a crucial issue. This article proposes the signal quality of RF communication using LoRa technology, analyzing the strength signal measurement in different locations. These experiments test the strength signal in dBm and data received efficiency in percentage. The investigation is designed to collect received signal strength indicator (RSSI) value tests in different environments: seaside, grape farm, and indoors. The measured RSSI values in several tests are averaged to determine the reliability of RSSI results. The findings indicated that the location with less RSSI value is inside the building compared to other places, such as the seaside area or the grape farm. By overview of quality received signal strength is at the reasonable level between RSSI values of -60.00 dBm to -80.00 dBm. Moreover, the correlation analysis of the RSSI value and data received effectively is 0.938**, with the reliability of data analysis of 99%. Namely, both parameters are highly related in a positive way. When the RSSI value is high, the data received effectively is also in good condition.
Compositions of clinopyroxene solid solutions in Di-CaEs section of CMAS system at pressure up to 3.0 GPa
Authors: Banushkina Sofja V.
Published: November 2023

The possibility of ‘excess’ silica dissolution in clinopyroxene as calcium molecule of Eskola (CaEs) end member has been known for a long time. At present time attempts to determine the dependence of such non-stoichiometric clinopyroxene compositions on (P, T)-parameters are continued. In this article Di-CaEs section of ‘dry’ CMAS system was investigated in P-T range of up to 3.0 GPa and up to 1550 oC. Experiments with synthetic clinopyroxene compositions were carried out on a vertical shaft electric resistance furnace with silicon carbide heaters (at atmospheric pressure) and were run by quenching method on the piston-cylinder apparatus (at high pressure). It was found that two independent stable pyroxene phases are formed: aluminous clinopyroxene and a high-magnesian alumina-free diopside. It was clarified that clinopyroxene solid solution is represented by a quad series of Di-En-CaTs-CaEs end members. It was shown that diopside phase belongs to Di-En solid solution. A tetrahedron of clinopyroxene compositions was constructed, occupying a central position in CMAS system. Experimental data obtained can serve as a necessary model for subsequent studying influence of alkalis, ferruginous component, etc. on stability of quartz-normative mineral associations and identical ‘real’ parageneses.
Association of preoperative NT-proBNP with postoperative inflammatory factors levels among children of unrestricted left-to-right shunts congenital heart disease
Authors: Li Wen-Juan , Shang Wen-yuan , Lu Ya-Nan , Huang Ji-hong
Published: November 2023

This study aimed to evaluate preoperative N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) in children with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) secondary to unrestricted left-to-right shunts congenital heart disease (CHD) and sought to investigate the correlation between NT-proBNP and inflammatory factor levels following cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). A retrospective observational study was conducted involving 59 infants or children under 2 years old. Echocardiography was employed to measure tricuspid annular peak systolic velocity (TRV). The plasma of preoperative NT-proBNP and perioperative inflammatory cytokines, including IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-1β, and TNF-α were measured. Additionally, postoperative ventilation time, length of Intensive care unit (ICU) and ward stay were recorded. Longer postoperative ventilation time, ICU stay and ward stay exhibited in PAH-CHD patients, and elevated preoperative NT-proBNP levels were associated with preoperative pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP). Moreover, there was a significant increase in postoperative inflammatory cytokines, including IL-6, IL-8 and IL-10 (p＜0.05). Importantly, preoperative NT-proBNP was identified as being associated with inflammatory cytokines levels after surgery.
Conclusion: Preoperative NT-proBNP level was associated with PASP before surgery in children with unrestricted left-to-right shunts PAH-CHD, and elevated preoperative NT-proBNP levels were associated with significantly increased inflammatory factors after CPB, suggesting a potential correlation with early poor postoperative clinical outcomes.
Impact of Oral Health Status on Oral Health– Related Quality of Life among Institutionalized Elders in EL-Gharbiya Governorate
Authors: Dosoky Ahmed El
Published: November 2023

Background
Aging process may directly or indirectly increase the risk of developing diseases. It may develop a large number of pathological and/or physiological changes that could influence dental treatments. In Egypt number of social welfare institutions for elderly people has increased. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to assess the impact of oral health status on Oral Health– Related Quality of Life, among institutionalized elders in EL-Gharbiya governorate.
Methods
The Brief Oral Health Status Examination (BOHSE) was used to assess oral health of the institutionalized elders. Oral health related quality of life of the elders was evaluated using Geriatric Oral Health Assessment index. The GOHAI comprises 12 items reflecting three hypothesized domains of the impact of oral disease: Physical function: eating, swallowing, biting and chewing ,Psychological function: satisfaction with appearance, worries or concern about oral health and inhibition of social contacts as a result of such concerns and Pain and discomfort: eating sensitivity to hot, cold or sweets.
Results
Regarding gender, there was a statistically significant negative correlation between geriatric oral health assessment index scores and brief oral health status examination scores among elder females (r = − .267, p = 0.004). Similarly, a statistical significant negative correlation was detected between geriatric oral health assessment index scores and brief oral health status examination scores among elders above 70 years of age (r = − .371, p = 0.002).Moreover, elders residing in private institutions displayed a statistically significant negative correlation between geriatric oral health assessment scores index and brief oral health status examination scores (r = − .252, p = 0.037).
Conclusion
The highest proportion of oral health problems among the institutionalized elders were oral cleanliness and gum problems (84.7%&76%) respectively. 66.8% of the participants reported a low oral health-related quality of life. Elders reporting a moderate and high oral health-related quality of life represented 20.3% and 12.9% respectively. A significant negative correlation between oral health and oral-health related quality of life was identified among institutionalized elders.
Evaluation of molecular docking by deep learning and Random Forests: A hybrid approach based on pseudo-convolutions
Authors: Ferreira Janderson Romário Borges Cruz , Feitosa Allan Rivalles Souza , Gomes Juliana Carneiro , Silva-Filho Abel Guilhermino , Santos Wellington Pinheiro dos
Published: November 2023

Purpose: Molecular docking prediction plays a pivotal role in intelligent drug design, offering significant advantages in the development of antivirus medications and vaccines. By accurately evaluating the interactions between drug molecules and target proteins, researchers can effectively expedite the discovery and development of vital pharmaceutical solutions, aiding in the mitigation of epidemics, pandemics, and the urgent need for improved vaccines.
Methods: We propose an intelligent hybrid architecture for estimating molecular docking between two proteins using deep networks based on pseudo-convolutions and Random Forests. As input, we Evaluation of molecular docking by deep learning and Random Forests used the sequences of characters representing the bases of each protein. Through two layers of pseudo-convolutions, these sequences are reorganized and, finally, represented as co-occurrence matrices, concatenated into a feature vector. To validate our proposal, we used a combination of the public datasets Affinity Benchmark 3 and Negatome 2.
Results: The experimental results revealed that the hybrid architecture , comprising two layers of pseudo-convolution followed by a decision layer with an ensemble of 25 Random Forests, yielded average accuracy of 94%, AUC of 93%, sensitivity of 94%, and specificity of 78%. This demonstrates the feasibility of achieving robust estimates of molecular docking without relying on 3D molecule modeling.
Conclusion: These findings the potential of rapidly estimating protein affinity, providing valuable insights into drug interactions, molecular dynamics, and facilitating the intelligent design of pharmaceuticals, encompassing vaccines and antiviral drugs. These advancements play a critical role in cost reduction related to laboratory analysis and expediting the timely delivery of solutions to both the market and society at large, particularly in the context of epidemic outbreaks, pandemics, and the urgent demand for supplementary vaccines.
Studies on partial replacement of HDPE and PP waste plastic for M30 and M40 grade concrete
Authors: Suvidha Y , Jain Sumesh , Kumar C. Arvind
Published: November 2023

In the present paper two different plastic materials High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) and Polypropylene (PP) was replaced with fine aggregate (FA) till 10% by 2.5% increment. Different test such as compressive strength (3, 7, 28 & 60 days) (150x150x150mm), flexural strength (3, 7, 28 & 60 days) (100x100x500mm), acid attack (28, 56 & 90 days)(100x100x100mm), sulphate attack (28, 56 & 90 days)(100x100x100mm), thermal conductivity (180mm dia x 20mm thick). The compressive strength of 40.52MPa and 38.41Mpa for PP and HDPE material was observed in M30 grade concrete respectively. Similarly, for M40 grade concrete 43.6MPa and 41.8MPa for PP and HDPE material respectively. The optimum percentage of 5% and 7.5 for PP and HDPE material respectively can be replaced in concrete for flexural strength for both M30 and M40 grade. The least percentage loss in acid attack was observed at 28 days for both HDPE and PP material but for 56days and 90 days the percentage loss of weight was significantly less (< 5%). The sulphate attack for both M30 and M40 grade concrete showed less than 10% percentage loss in weight till 90 days. Thermal conductivity (k) was also reduced by 30–35% for both HDPE and PP material till 10% replacement in concrete for M30 and M40 grade.
Isoorientin alleviates DSS-treated acute colitis in mice by regulating intestinal epithelial P-glycoprotein (P-gp) expression.
Authors: wang Zhenzhen , Yang Lanzhu , Feng Yun , Duan Bensong , Zhang Haibin , Yang Jingya , Tang Yanru , Zhang Caihang
Published: November 2023

Background
Isoorientin (ISO) is a naturally-occurring flavonoid with diverse functional properties that mitigate the risk of diseases stemming from oxidation, inflammation and cancer cell proliferation. P-glycoprotein (P-GP) is a vital component of the intestinal epithelium, and alterations in P-gp expression and functionality may play a role in the onset of intestinal inflammatory conditions, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Recent studies have suggested that short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and secondary bile acids produced by the gut microbiota, stimulate the increase in operational P-gp expression, alleviating excessive inflammation, and thereby aid the preservation of intestinal homeostasis. ISO has been shown to improve colon health and modulate gut microbiota. However, whether ISO can modulate the microbes and their metabolites to influence P-gp expression to alleviate IBD is unknown.
Results
First, the impact of ISO on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-treated colitis was investigated in mice. The present study indicated that ISO mitigated the symptoms and pathological damage associated with DSS-treated colitis in mice with ulcerative colitis. Western blot analysis revealed that ISO upregulated P-gp in colon tissues (P < 0.05), suggesting the critical role of P-gp protein in intestinal epithelial cells. It was speculated that ISO may maintain intestinal homeostasis by upregulating functional P-gp expression in the intestinal epithelium. 16S microbial diversity sequencing revealed that ISO restored the richness and variety of intestinal microorganisms in colitis-bearing mice and enriched short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria, such as Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group. The experiments also revealed that the ISO fecal microbial transplantation (FMT) inoculation of DSS-treated mice had similarly beneficial results. FMT mice showed a reduction in colitis symptoms, which was being more pronounced in ISO-FMT than in CON-FMT mice. Meanwhile, ISO-FMT expanded the abundance of beneficial microorganisms such as the Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group, increased the expression of metabolites, such as SCFAs and total serum bile acids (SBAs), and significantly upregulated the expression level of P-gp protein. In addition, Spearman’s correlation analysis of metabolites demonstrated a positive correlation between the production of SCFAs and SBAs and the expression of P-gp.
Conclusion
The present study identified that ISO affects the heightened expression of P-gp in the intestinal epithelium by regulating intestinal microorganisms and their metabolites, which maintains colonic homeostasis, improves the integrity of the colonic epithelium, and alleviates colitis.
Development and internal validation of two prediction models of walking dependence and restricted walking speed in individuals with subacute stroke
Authors: Fukumoto Hiroto , Oyake Kazuaki , Kurobe Yasushi , Mizoguchi Hiroto , Sakai Takehiro , Momose Kimito
Published: November 2023

Background
The prognosis of the walking ability of individuals with stroke affects the choice of rehabilitation program. Identifying patients who will need assistance with ambulation at discharge allows clinicians to deliver rehabilitation programs focused on educating caregivers and adjusting the patient’s environment to allow safe transfer within the home. The primary objective of this study was to develop and internally validate a prediction model of walking dependence for patients with stroke admitted to a rehabilitation facility. The secondary objective was to establish a prediction model of restricted walking speed.
Methods
This retrospective cohort study included 476 individuals with subacute stroke who were admitted to a rehabilitation facility. Model 1 was developed to predict the probability of walking dependence. Model 2 was developed to predict restricted walking speed. Walking dependence was defined as a functional independence measure walk score of 5 or less. Restricted walking speed was defined as the ability to walk at 0.93 m/s or less. Potential predictors, including age, leg strength of the affected side, sitting balance, cognitive function, and urinary function, were selected based on the literature and analyzed using logistic regression analysis. Models were internally validated using the bootstrap method. Model performance was assessed by discrimination (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC)) and calibration (Hosmer–Lemeshow (H–L) goodness-of-fit test and calibration plots).
Results
A total of 236 patients (49.6%) walked dependently at discharge. Of the 240 individuals who achieved walking independence, 121 (50.4%) had restricted walking speed. In model 1, older age, poor leg strength, sitting balance, cognitive function, and urinary incontinence were significantly associated with walking dependence at discharge. The AUCs of models 1 and 2 were 0.93 (95% confidence interval (CI) = .90–.95) and 0.69 (95%CI = .62–.76), respectively. Both models had good calibration confirmed by the H-L test.
Conclusions
The internally validated prediction model of walking dependence had good discrimination and calibration, while the prediction model of restricted walking speed had poor discrimination. The prediction model for walking dependence developed in this study may be useful for planning rehabilitation strategies and setting realistic goals for patients.
A Novel Green Biosynthesis Approach and Structural Characterization of Ag–Fe Bimetallic Nanoparticles using the Red Alga Galaxaura rugosa
Authors: Ali Elham M. , Elsayed Ashraf , Shehawy Ahlam S. El
Published: November 2023

A Novel green and eco-friendly approach has been used to biosynthesize Ag-Fe bimetallic nanoparticles (Ag-FeBNPs), mediated by an aqueous extract of the red alga species; Galaxaura rugosa. The surface plasmon resonance band is positioned at 264 nm for Ag-FeBNPs. X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) illustrated the crystalline nature of biogenic nanoparticles. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and selected area electron diffraction (SAED) showed that the particles have a crystalline spherical shape with a size range from 14.3 to 22.1 nm. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Energy dispersive analysis (EDAX) give the surface morphology and elemental composition of Ag-FeBNPs which is spherical in high intensity. Fourier transmittance infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) showed that the biomolecules are responsible for forming and stabilizing Ag-FeBNPs. Zeta potential values show − 15.7 mV. The findings of this study documented the great potentiality of Ag-FeBNPs that would significantly impact the field of nanobiotechnology and nanoscience in the future.
Effect of different seedbeds on performance of rice seedlings under different nursery structure during early spring
Authors: Bastola Saraswatai , Yadav Pankaj Kumar , Ghimire Sangam , Marahattha Santosh
Published: November 2023

Early spring rice shows seedling failure in nursery during the colder months due to low temperature. This experiment evaluates the effect of different nursery structure and nursery seedbed on seedling growth. The experiment was laid out in two factorial split plot design with three replications. Among the two factors, one factor was nursery structure including gumose, straw cover, plastic cover and open field; and another factor was nursery seedbed including tray, plastic mat and normal. Among nursery structure better growth of seedlings were observed in the plastic mat whereas in nursery seedbeds growth of seedling was better in gumose but seedling ready for planting is earlier under plastic cover. Seedling sown in the plastic mat under the gumose showed better growth of seedlings. This can be recommended as the appropriate technique for nursery establishment during early spring.
Rethinking Geographic Thought in the Digital Space; A Review of the Arguments for Sustainability and Resilience
Authors: Arthur Jones Lewis
Published: November 2023

The study delves into the realm of Geographic Thought, emphasizing its significance in the context of contemporary global digital spaces. It also explores the intersection of Geographic Thought with artificial intelligence (AI) and its potential impact on sustainability and resilience within the field of geography. Employing the document analysis approach, the research scrutinizes this subject, demonstrating the method's pertinence in geography and various other academic domains. Document analysis, as the chosen research method, aids in unearthing valuable insights within the realm of geography. Whether investigating historical transformations, spatial patterns, environmental concerns, or other geographical themes, document analysis plays a pivotal role. The study methodically identifies research questions and assesses content in alignment with these inquiries, considering elements such as patterns, themes, trends, and connections across diverse sources. Spatial and temporal aspects, including location, scale, and temporal changes, are also examined to provide a comprehensive understanding of geographical issues. Thematic summaries extracted from this analysis contribute significantly to comprehending the geographical problem at hand. The research underscores AI as a potent tool for unravelling the intricate web of life exploration, human behaviour, urban dynamics, and human-environment interaction. However, it cautions users about the challenges that may arise when applying AI to sustainability and resilience studies, particularly when handling vast datasets. Nevertheless, AI is seen as a catalyst for enhancing geographic thought, enabling more nuanced interpretations and applications in the realm of sustainability and resilience. The study suggests a critical fusion of resilience and sustainability with geographic thought to effectively address the multifaceted socio-environmental challenges of our time. In essence, Geographic Thought, in conjunction with AI, can pave the way for a more comprehensive and insightful approach to geography's pivotal role in promoting sustainable and resilient solutions.
Zurück in die Zukunft?
Authors: Kalz Marco
Published: November 2023

Das Konzept der Zukunftskompetenzen wird aktuell für Hochschulen als Option gesehen, um Studierende besser auf eine ungewisse Zukunft vorzubereiten und zu Problemlöser:innen der Zukunft auszubilden. Das Konzept hat in Deutschland den Eingang in die politischen Förderaktivitäten gefunden, ohne dass eine evidenzbasierte Analyse oder eine kritische Diskussion des Konzeptes stattgefunden hat. In diesem Beitrag wird die Diskussion in einen historischen Zusammenhang eingeordnet und es werden Verbindungen zu vergleichbaren Konzepten und Aktivitäten hergestellt. Auf Basis von systematischen Literaturanalysen, Evidenzsynthesen und hochschuldidaktischer Forschung wird der aktuelle Forschungsstand zusammengefasst und werden neun Problembereiche der Diskussion und Förderung von Zukunftskompetenzen identifiziert. Neben der fehlenden Einordnung der Zukunftskompetenzen in frühere Ansätze wurden vor allem die fehlenden empirischen Grundlagen sowie das Nicht-Vorhandensein von Messmethoden zur Analyse dieser Kompetenzen als kritisch für die Förderung von Lehr- und Lernangeboten für Zukunftskompetenzen identifiziert. Als alternative Forschungs- und Entwicklungsrichtung wird die Herausforderung des Transfers innerhalb und ausserhalb von Expertisefeldern diskutiert.
ANÁLISE DE PRESCRIÇÕES DE MEDICAMENTOS PSICOFÁRMACOS EM UM COMPLEXO PENITENCIÁRIO BRASILEIRO
Authors: Garcia Nogueira Bruna , Santos Lula Barros Débora , Lane Mendonça da Silva Dayde
Published: November 2023

A prevalência de psicopatologias em pessoas privadas de liberdade é mais alta que na população em geral. Nesse cenário, esse estudo objetivou analisar as prescrições de psicofármacos para pessoas privadas de liberdade em um complexo penitenciário masculino do Distrito Federal. Foi realizado um estudo transversal, descritivo e observacional, onde a análise foi baseada em dados secundários provenientes do Sistema Integrado de Administração do Sistema Penitenciário. Os resultados mostraram que 584 homens possuíam prescrições de psicofármacos, sendo 56,7% prescrições continham um psicofármaco, 29,3% possuíam dois psicofármacos e 14,0% apresentavam três ou mais psicofármacos. A maioria desses indivíduos possuía entre 30 e 60 anos, com nível fundamental incompleto, com condenações entre 5 e 15 anos por crimes contra o patrimônio e eram recém-chegados a prisão. A classes farmacológicas mais prevalentes nas prescrições foram: antiepilépticos, antidepressivos, ansiolíticos e antipsicóticos. Entre os medicamentos mais prescritos, destacaram-se: diazepam, carbamazepina, amitriptilina e levomepromazina.
Effects of Soil Ameliorants Produced from Recycled Glass on the Establishment of Table Grapes
Authors: Myburgh P.A. , Howell C.L.
Published: November 2023

Sandy, gravelly or stony soils with low nutrient supply or plant available water are common in the table grape growing regions of South Africa. A field study was carried out to determine if an ameliorant recycled from waste glass could enhance the nutrient and water supply during the establishing phase of table grapes. Two grades of ameliorant, i.e. fine and coarse, were incorporated into the soil before the grapevines were planted. No ameliorants were applied to the control. After planting, the grapevines were irrigated by using 2.1 L/h drippers. To establish whether the ameliorants could compensate if less water is applied, the same treatments were applied under 1.2 L/h drippers. In general, the grapevines responded positively to the higher irrigation volumes, irrespective of ameliorant application. Where higher irrigation volumes were applied, the ameliorants did not have any positive effect on soil chemical or grapevine nutrient status compared to the control. This showed that the ameliorants were chemically inert under the given conditions. The ameliorants also did not improve grapevine water status, vegetative growth, yield or juice characteristics. Likewise, the ameliorants could not compensate for any measured aspect of grapevine performance where less irrigation was applied. In general, the ameliorants did not meet the expectations. Considering the additional costs of the ameliorant application, and the lack of positive grapevine responses, this practice cannot be justified under the given, or comparable conditions.
Optimalisasi kolaborasi mahasiswa dengan instansi praktik dalam menentukan minat praktik kerja perpustakaan
Authors: Evriza Eka , Pramudibyanto Hascaryo
Published: November 2023

Purpose. The purpose of this study is to obtain a description of the collaboration carried out by students participating in Library Internship Programs with the institutions where they undergo their internships. Methodology. Using an online questionnaire as the instrument distributed to students participating in internships, responses were received from students from 127 provinces in Indonesia.Results and discussion. The information gathered indicates that library internship activities already reflect a diversity of interests, competencies, and objectives as part of the library internship experience. There is alignment between the activities carried out and various aspects of library management, collection development, and the complexity of seeking career opportunities in the library field. Conclusions. An analysis of the collaboration strategy between students and practical institutions in determining the type of library practice reveals several important aspects. Students must have a clear understanding of the learning objectives and library practice requirements through constructive dialogue with the practical institution. They also need to build a professional network and participate in activities that broaden their understanding of various types of practices. However, the lack of variety in the scope of practices suggests the need for guidance or alignment activities before the practical placement is carried out, allowing students to choose a practice type that aligns with their mentor's educational background.
Digital library evaluation using the Human-Organization-Technology Fit Model
Authors: Siswantoro Siswantoro
Published: November 2023

Purpose. This research aims to evaluate the Rumah Ilmu website which is used as digital library media at Universitas Negeri Semarang using the Human-Organization-Technology-Fit (HOT-Fit) Model.Methodology. The method used is clause associative which functions to test the relationship between variables. The sampling technique used simple random sampling and the sample size was 62 respondents. The data collection technique uses a questionnaire distributed via Google Forms. The data analysis technique with correlation analysis.Results and discussion. The results of the validity and reliability tests show that all question items are declared valid. The results of the correlation test show that overall the relationship between the three elements in the HOT-Fit Model is in the strong and very strong categories.Conclusions. The research results concluded that the significance value of the HOT and net benefit shows a value of 0.00 5% with a correlation coefficient of 0.878. This indicated that the Rumah Ilmu website in supporting digital libraries was quite good. However, improving the quality of the system must continue to be carried out in the future so that it can provide wider benefits to users.
Tingginya Angka Calon Tunggal Pemilihan Kepala Daerah dan Melemahnya Demokrasi di Indonesia Kontemporer
Authors: Hannan Abd
Published: November 2023

Meningkatnya angka calon tunggal dalam gelaran Pilkada serentak di Indonesia menuai ragam polemik, salah satunya adalah adanya anggapan bahwa Pilkada calon tunggal telah menyebabkan proses sirkulasi kepemimpinan daerah berjalan tidak sehat, memperlemah sistem demokrasi, dan cenderung memperkokoh praktik monopoli kekuasaan di tingkat daerah. Studi ini mengkaji fenomena meningginya calon tunggal dalam gelaran pemilihan kepala daerah, dampak dan pengaruhnya terhadap sistem demokrasi dan dinasti kekuasaan di Indonesia. Dengan melakukan analisa berdasarkan perspektif sosiologi hukum dan sosiologi politik, studi ini mendapati temuan bahwa sejak diterapkannya Pilkada serentak pada tahun 2015, praktik Pilkada calon tunggal mengalami peningkatan. Meningginya jumlah calon tunggal tersebut disebabkan oleh adanya pragmatisme politik di level elit, tidak optimalnya partai politik menjalankan fungsinya, serta diterapkannya syarat ambang batas pencalonan. Pada tataran praktiknya, Pilkada calon tunggal telah mereduksi prinsip esensial pemilihan umum, khususnya prinsip partisipasi, kompetisi, danprinsip kontestasi sehingga membuat bangunan demokrasi Indonesia melemah. Selain itu, Pilkada calon tunggal juga dinilai telah membuat dinasti kekuasaan di tingkat daerah semakin menguat. Faktanya, dari jumlah 25 calon tunggal yang bertarung pada Pilkada serentak 2020, sebanyak 23 calon merupakan incumbent baik sebagai calon kepaladaerah atau wakil kepala daerah, dan 10 di antaranya merupakan kepala daerah yang kembali maju dengan pasangan calon yang sama.
Social Reactions toward Online Disclosure of Sexual Violence
Authors: Azijah Sarah Marchiani Nur , Asriani Desintha Dwi
Published: November 2023

Many survivors of sexual violence have come forward to disclose their experiences on social media. The disclosure has generated positive and negative social reactions. Social media users either victimize sexual violence survivors or advocate against it, according to previous studies. This study aims to explore Twitter users’ social reactions to sexual violence disclosure and their narratives. This study used social network analysis and analyzed 1,678 tweets extracted from the Twitter search function. This study discovers two major themes and twelve subthemes of social reactions. New subthemes emerged: condemnation, curiosity, and sharing experiences (positive social reactions) and humor (negative social reactions). The narratives within negative social reactions brought digital harm to sexual violence survivors with prejudice, hostility, and normalization of sexual violence. Meanwhile, positive social reactions represent resistance by challenging harmful users and the authority and retelling sexual violence experiences to a bigger audience. This study provides input to design policy interventions to guide social media users in responding to sexual violence disclosures.
Feedback hybrid force and position control of an upper limb exoskeleton to support human movement
Authors: Nguyen Thang Cao , Nguyen Anh Dong , Parnichkun Manukid , Phan My Thi Tra
Published: November 2023

In the paper, a feedback hybrid control including a force feedback control and a position control is proposed to control a four degree of freedom (4-dof) upper limb exoskeleton for supporting human movement at the shoulder, elbow and wrist joints. The novelty of the paper is that it has been able to control all the interaction forces at all links in the exoskeleton robot by using the proposed control. The desired interaction forces at the links and desired position are compared with the measured interaction forces and position, respectively. Then the torque at the shoulder, the torque elbow and the torque wrist joints are controlled to compensate the force error and the position error. The gains of the proposed controller are optimized by using the Balancing Composite Motion Optimization (BCMO). The simulation and control of the 4-dof upper limb exoskeleton using the proposed control is carried out in the paper to show that the interaction forces and the position of the exoskeleton track their desired values.