bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bifunctional sulfilimines enable synthesis of multiple N-heterocycles from alkenes
Authors: Cheng Qiang , Bai Zibo , Tewari Srija , Ritter Tobias
Published: July 2022

Intramolecular cyclization of nitrogen-containing molecules onto pendant alkenes is an efficient strategy for the construction of N-heterocycles, which are of paramount importance in, for example, pharmaceuticals and materials. Similar intermolecular cyclization reactions, however, are scarcer for nitrogen building blocks, including N-centred radicals, and divergent and modular versions are not established. Here we report the use of sulfilimines as bifunctional N-radical precursors for cyclization reactions with alkenes to produce N-unprotected heterocycles in a single step through photoredox catalysis. Structurally diverse sulfilimines can be synthesized in a single step, and subsequently engage with alkenes to afford synthetically valuable five-, six- and seven-membered heterocycles. The broad and diverse scope is achievable by a radical-polar crossover annulation enabled by the bifunctional character of the reagents, which distinguishes itself from all other N-centred-radical-based reactions. The modular synthesis of the sulfilimines allows for larger structural diversity of N-heterocycle products than is currently achievable with other single cyclization methods.
A crown-group cnidarian from the Ediacaran of Charnwood Forest, UK
Authors: Dunn F. S. , Kenchington C. G. , Parry L. A. , Clark J. W. , Kendall R. S. , Wilby P. R.
Published: July 2022

Cnidarians are a disparate and ancient phylum, encompassing corals and jellyfish, and occupy both the pelagic and benthic realms. They have a rich fossil record from the Phanerozoic eon lending insight into the early history of the group but, although cnidarians diverged from other animals in the Precambrian period, their record from the Ediacaran period (635–542 million years ago) is controversial. Here, we describe a new fossil cnidarian—Auroralumina attenboroughii gen. et sp. nov.—from the Ediacaran of Charnwood Forest (557–562 million years ago) that shows two bifurcating polyps enclosed in a rigid, polyhedral, organic skeleton with evidence of simple, densely packed tentacles. Auroralumina displays a suite of characters allying it to early medusozoans but shows others more typical of Anthozoa. Phylogenetic analyses recover Auroralumina as a stem-group medusozoan and, therefore, the oldest crown-group cnidarian. Auroralumina demonstrates both the establishment of the crown group of an animal phylum and the fixation of its body plan tens of millions of years before the Cambrian diversification of animal life.
Stage-specific transcription activator ESB1 regulates monoallelic antigen expression in Trypanosoma brucei
Authors: López-Escobar Lara , Hänisch Benjamin , Halliday Clare , Ishii Midori , Akiyoshi Bungo , Dean Samuel , Sunter Jack Daniel , Wheeler Richard John , Gull Keith
Published: July 2022

Variant surface glycoprotein (VSG) coats bloodstream form Trypanosoma brucei parasites, and monoallelic VSG expression underpins the antigenic variation necessary for pathogenicity. One of thousands of VSG genes is transcribed by RNA polymerase I in a singular nuclear structure called the expression site body (ESB), but how monoallelic VSG transcription is achieved remains unclear. Using a localization screen of 153 proteins we found one, ESB-specific protein 1 (ESB1), that localized only to the ESB and is expressed only in VSG-expressing life cycle stages. ESB1 associates with DNA near the active VSG promoter and is necessary for VSG expression, with overexpression activating inactive VSG promoters. Mechanistically, ESB1 is necessary for recruitment of a subset of ESB components, including RNA polymerase I, revealing that the ESB has separately assembled subdomains. Because many trypanosomatid parasites have divergent ESB1 orthologues yet do not undergo antigenic variation, ESB1 probably represents an important class of transcription regulators.
Patient-derived monoclonal antibody neutralizes SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variants and confers full protection in monkeys
Authors: Fenwick Craig , Turelli Priscilla , Ni Dongchun , Perez Laurent , Lau Kelvin , Herate Cécile , Marlin Romain , Lana Erica , Pellaton Céline , Raclot Charlène , Esteves-Leuenberger Line , Campos Jérémy , Farina Alex , Fiscalini Flurin , Dereuddre-Bosquet Nathalie , Relouzat Francis , Abdelnabi Rana , Foo Caroline S. , Neyts Johan , Leyssen Pieter , Lévy Yves , Pojer Florence , Stahlberg Henning , LeGrand Roger , Trono Didier , Pantaleo Giuseppe
Published: July 2022

The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant has very high levels of transmission, is resistant to neutralization by authorized therapeutic human monoclonal antibodies (mAb) and is less sensitive to vaccine-mediated immunity. To provide additional therapies against Omicron, we isolated a mAb named P2G3 from a previously infected vaccinated donor and showed that it has picomolar-range neutralizing activity against Omicron BA.1, BA.1.1, BA.2 and all other variants tested. We solved the structure of P2G3 Fab in complex with the Omicron spike using cryo-electron microscopy at 3.04 Å resolution to identify the P2G3 epitope as a Class 3 mAb that is different from mAb-binding spike epitopes reported previously. Using a SARS-CoV-2 Omicron monkey challenge model, we show that P2G3 alone, or in combination with P5C3 (a broadly active Class 1 mAb previously identified), confers complete prophylactic or therapeutic protection. Although we could select for SARS-CoV-2 mutants escaping neutralization by P2G3 or by P5C3 in vitro, they had low infectivity and ‘escape’ mutations are extremely rare in public sequence databases. We conclude that this combination of mAbs has potential as an anti-Omicron drug.
Uncovering the mode of action of engineered T cells in patient cancer organoids
Authors: Dekkers Johanna F. , Alieva Maria , Cleven Astrid , Keramati Farid , Wezenaar Amber K. L. , van Vliet Esmée J. , Puschhof Jens , Brazda Peter , Johanna Inez , Meringa Angelo D. , Rebel Heggert G. , Buchholz Maj-Britt , Barrera Román Mario , Zeeman Amber L. , de Blank Sam , Fasci Domenico , Geurts Maarten H. , Cornel Annelisa M. , Driehuis Else , Millen Rosemary , Straetemans Trudy , Nicolasen Mara J. T. , Aarts-Riemens Tineke , Ariese Hendrikus C. R. , Johnson Hannah R. , van Ineveld Ravian L. , Karaiskaki Froso , Kopper Oded , Bar-Ephraim Yotam E. , Kretzschmar Kai , Eggermont Alexander M. M. , Nierkens Stefan , Wehrens Ellen J. , Stunnenberg Henk G. , Clevers Hans , Kuball Jürgen , Sebestyen Zsolt , Rios Anne C.
Published: July 2022

Extending the success of cellular immunotherapies against blood cancers to the realm of solid tumors will require improved in vitro models that reveal therapeutic modes of action at the molecular level. Here we describe a system, called BEHAV3D, developed to study the dynamic interactions of immune cells and patient cancer organoids by means of imaging and transcriptomics. We apply BEHAV3D to live-track >150,000 engineered T cells cultured with patient-derived, solid-tumor organoids, identifying a ‘super engager’ behavioral cluster comprising T cells with potent serial killing capacity. Among other T cell concepts we also study cancer metabolome-sensing engineered T cells (TEGs) and detect behavior-specific gene signatures that include a group of 27 genes with no previously described T cell function that are expressed by super engager killer TEGs. We further show that type I interferon can prime resistant organoids for TEG-mediated killing. BEHAV3D is a promising tool for the characterization of behavioral-phenotypic heterogeneity of cellular immunotherapies and may support the optimization of personalized solid-tumor-targeting cell therapies.
Prevalence, age of decision, and interpersonal warmth judgements of childfree adults
Authors: Neal Zachary P. , Neal Jennifer Watling
Published: July 2022

Childfree adults do not want to have children, making them distinct from parents and other adults without children. However, they are difficult to study because they cannot be identified using conventional data on fertility. We use data from a representative sample in the United States to examine the prevalence, age of decision, and interpersonal warmth judgments by and about childfree adults. Our prevalence estimates suggest that childfree adults are quite common, comprising over one-fifth (21.64%) of the population. Our analysis of age-to-decision suggests that most childfree adults reported that they decided they did not want children early in life. Finally, our analysis of interpersonal warmth suggests asymmetric affective polarization among parents and childfree adults driven primarily by parent’s ingroup favoritism. We discuss the implications of these findings for our understanding of childfree adults and for future research on this historically overlooked segment of the population.
PHARP: a pig haplotype reference panel for genotype imputation
Authors: Wang Zhen , Zhang Zhenyang , Chen Zitao , Sun Jiabao , Cao Caiyun , Wu Fen , Xu Zhong , Zhao Wei , Sun Hao , Guo Longyu , Zhang Zhe , Wang Qishan , Pan Yuchun
Published: July 2022

Pigs not only function as a major meat source worldwide but also are commonly used as an animal model for studying human complex traits. A large haplotype reference panel has been used to facilitate efficient phasing and imputation of relatively sparse genome-wide microarray chips and low-coverage sequencing data. Using the imputed genotypes in the downstream analysis, such as GWASs, TWASs, eQTL mapping and genomic prediction (GS), is beneficial for obtaining novel findings. However, currently, there is still a lack of publicly available and high-quality pig reference panels with large sample sizes and high diversity, which greatly limits the application of genotype imputation in pigs. In response, we built the pig Haplotype Reference Panel (PHARP) database. PHARP provides a reference panel of 2012 pig haplotypes at 34 million SNPs constructed using whole-genome sequence data from more than 49 studies of 71 pig breeds. It also provides Web-based analytical tools that allow researchers to carry out phasing and imputation consistently and efficiently. PHARP is freely accessible at http://alphaindex.zju.edu.cn/PHARP/index.php. We demonstrate its applicability for pig commercial 50 K SNP arrays, by accurately imputing 2.6 billion genotypes at a concordance rate value of 0.971 in 81 Large White pigs (~ 17 × sequencing coverage). We also applied our reference panel to impute the low-density SNP chip into the high-density data for three GWASs and found novel significantly associated SNPs that might be casual variants.
Repulsive segregation of fluoroalkyl side chains turns a cohesive polymer into a mechanically tough, ultrafast self-healable, nonsticky elastomer
Authors: Miwa Yohei , Udagawa Taro , Kutsumizu Shoichi
Published: July 2022

Dynamic crosslinking of flexible polymer chains via attractive and reversible interactions is widely employed to obtain autonomously self-healable elastomers. However, this design leads to a trade-off relationship between the strength and self-healing speed of the material, i.e., strong crosslinks provide a mechanically strong elastomer with slow self-healing property. To address this issue, we report an “inversion” concept, in which attractive poly(ethyl acrylate-random-methyl acrylate) chains are dynamically crosslinked via repulsively segregated fluoroalkyl side chains attached along the main chain. The resulting elastomer self-heals rapidly (> 90% within 15 min) via weak but abundant van der Waals interactions among matrix polymers, while the dynamic crosslinking provides high fracture stress (≈2 MPa) and good toughness (≈17 MJ m−3). The elastomer has a nonsticky surface and selectively self-heals only at the damaged faces due to the surface segregation of the fluoroalkyl chains. Moreover, our elastomer strongly adheres to polytetrafluoroethylene plates (≈60 N cm−2) via hot pressing.
Strategies discovery in the active allothetic place avoidance task
Authors: Vouros Avgoustinos , Gehring Tiago V. , Jura Bartosz , Węsierska Małgorzata J. , Wójcik Daniel K. , Vasilaki Eleni
Published: July 2022

The Active Allothetic Place Avoidance task is an alternative setup to Morris Water Maze that allows studying spatial memory in a dynamic world in the presence of conflicting information. In this task, a rat, freely moving on a rotating circular arena, has to avoid a sector defined within the room frame where shocks are presented. While for Morris Water Maze several studies have identified animal strategies which specifically affect performance, there were no such studies for the Active Allothetic Place Avoidance task. Using standard machine learning methods, we were able to reveal for the first time, to the best of our knowledge, explainable strategies that the animals employ in this task and demonstrate that they can provide a high-level interpretation for performance differences between an animal group treated with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and the control group.
Spontaneous breathing promotes lung injury in an experimental model of alveolar collapse
Authors: Bachmann María Consuelo , Cruces Pablo , Díaz Franco , Oviedo Vanessa , Goich Mariela , Fuenzalida José , Damiani Luis Felipe , Basoalto Roque , Jalil Yorschua , Carpio David , Hamidi Vadeghani Niki , Cornejo Rodrigo , Rovegno Maximiliano , Bugedo Guillermo , Bruhn Alejandro , Retamal Jaime
Published: July 2022

Vigorous spontaneous breathing has emerged as a promotor of lung damage in acute lung injury, an entity known as “patient self-inflicted lung injury”. Mechanical ventilation may prevent this second injury by decreasing intrathoracic pressure swings and improving regional air distribution. Therefore, we aimed to determine the effects of spontaneous breathing during the early stage of acute respiratory failure on lung injury and determine whether early and late controlled mechanical ventilation may avoid or revert these harmful effects. A model of partial surfactant depletion and lung collapse was induced in eighteen intubated pigs of 32 ±4 kg. Then, animals were randomized to (1) SB‐group: spontaneous breathing with very low levels of pressure support for the whole experiment (eight hours), (2) Early MV-group: controlled mechanical ventilation for eight hours, or (3) Late MV-group: first half of the experiment on spontaneous breathing (four hours) and the second half on controlled mechanical ventilation (four hours). Respiratory, hemodynamic, and electric impedance tomography data were collected. After the protocol, animals were euthanized, and lungs were extracted for histologic tissue analysis and cytokines quantification. SB-group presented larger esophageal pressure swings, progressive hypoxemia, lung injury, and more dorsal and inhomogeneous ventilation compared to the early MV-group. In the late MV-group switch to controlled mechanical ventilation improved the lung inhomogeneity and esophageal pressure swings but failed to prevent hypoxemia and lung injury. In a lung collapse model, spontaneous breathing is associated to large esophageal pressure swings and lung inhomogeneity, resulting in progressive hypoxemia and lung injury. Mechanical ventilation prevents these mechanisms of patient self-inflicted lung injury if applied early, before spontaneous breathing occurs, but not when applied late.
Lymphoma total lesion glycolysis leads to hyperlactatemia and reduction of brain glucose utilization
Authors: Yi Hyun Kyung , Yoo Jang , Kim Seok Jin , Choi Joon Young , Lee Kyung-Han
Published: July 2022

Clarifying the mechanism of lymphoma-associated hyperlactatemia could help identify patients at risk. Here, 129 non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma patients suspected of blood lactate elevation underwent blood measurement and 18F-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) on the same day. Blood lactate elevation was mild (1.0–2.5 mmol/L) in 60, moderate (2.5–4.0 mmol/L) in 46, and severe (≥ 4.0 mmol/L) in 23 subjects. Subjects with severe lactate elevation had higher lymphoma stage, worse IPI risk, poorer ECOG performance, and higher tumor TLG. Furthermore, there was a linear correlation between blood lactate concentration and lymphoma TLG (Spearman’s r = 0.367; P < 0.0001). Brain FDG uptake was low (SUVave < 4.0) in 81 patients that were older, had greater stage and IPI risk, worse ECOG performance, and higher blood lactate. Brain SUVave showed inverse correlation with blood lactate (Spearman’s r = − 0.564; P < 0.0001) and lymphoma TLG (Spearman’s r = − 0.252; P = 0.0066), as well as with stage, ECOG score, and IPI risk. Multivariable regression analysis confirmed increased blood lactate and lymphoma TLG as significant explanatory variables for reduced brain SUVave (both P < 0.0001). Hence, blood lactate elevation in lymphoma patients is the result of glycolytic tumor burden. Since brain cells prefer lactate over glucose as energy source when blood lactate level is increased, this causes proportional reductions of brain FDG uptake. FDG PET/CT can therefore identify high glycolytic lymphoma burden at risk of hyperlactatemia and may provide estimates of its severity by reductions in brain uptake.
Thermal convection in nanofluids for peristaltic flow in a nonuniform channel
Authors: Alhazmi Sharifah E. , Imran Ali , Awais Muhammad , Abbas Mazhar , Alhejaili Weaam , Hamam Haneen , Alhowaity Awatif , Waheed Asif
Published: July 2022

A magneto couple stress nanofluid flow along with double diffusive convection is presented for peristaltic induce flow through symmetric nonuniform channel. A comprehensive mathematical model is scrutinized for couple stress nanofluid magneto nanofluids and corresponding equations of motions are tackled by applying small Reynolds and long wavelength approximation in viewing the scenario of the biological flow. Computational solution is exhibited with the help of graphical illustration for nanoparticle volume fraction, solutal concentration and temperature profiles in MATHEMTICA software. Stream function is also computed numerically by utilizing the analytical expression for nanoparticle volume fraction, solutal concentration and temperature profiles. Whereas pressure gradient profiles are investigated analytically. Impact of various crucial flow parameter on the pressure gradient, pressure rise per wavelength, nanoparticle volume fraction, solutal concentration, temperature and the velocity distribution are exhibited graphically. It has been deduced that temperature profile is significantly rise with Brownian motion, thermophoresis, Dufour effect, also it is revealed that velocity distribution really effected with strong magnetic field and with increasing non-uniformity of the micro channel. The information of current investigation will be instrumental in the development of smart magneto-peristaltic pumps in certain thermal and drug delivery phenomenon.
Impact of treatment modalities on prognosis of patients with metastatic renal collecting duct carcinoma
Authors: Qian Xiaoyuan , Wan Junlai , Tan Yuanzhong , Liu Zhenrui , Zhang Ying
Published: July 2022

Although patients with renal collecting duct carcinoma (CDC) benefit from surgery, the value of cytoreductive nephrectomy (CNx) for the prognosis of patients with metastatic CDC remains unclear. Hence, in this study, we used data from Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) registry to investigate the prognostic factors and the impact of CNx on the outcomes in patients with metastatic CDC. Data of 521 patients, diagnosed with CDC between 2000 and 2018, were retrieved from the SEER database. Kaplan–Meier method and log-rank tests were used to compare the survival differences between the CNx group and non-surgical group. Multivariate Cox regression analysis was used to identify the risk factors associated with overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) for patients with metastatic CDC. Moreover, multivariate Cox regression analysis guided by directed acyclic graphs (DAG) was used to unfold the impact of CNx and chemotherapy on OS and CSS. 86 patients were identified to have metastatic CDC. The median OS and CSS time were 5 and 6 months, respectively. The OS rates at 1-, 2- and 5-years were 24.4%, 15.1% and 2.3%, respectively. Whereas, the CSS rates at 1-, 2- and 5-years were 27.0%, 17.9% and 2.8%, respectively. Old patients and those receiving CNx or chemotherapy exhibited better survival outcomes. The multivariate regression model identified non-surgical treatment as the only independent prognostic factor for both, OS and CSS. However, DAG-guided multivariate Cox regression model showed that both, CNx and chemotherapy, were associated with both, OS and CSS. Patients with metastatic CDC exhibited worse clinical outcomes. However, CNx improved the prognosis of patients with metastatic CDC. Additionally, surgical resection of visible lesions and suitable chemotherapy were identified as alternative treatment strategies.
Ground motion prediction equations as a proxy for medium properties variation due to geothermal resources exploitation
Authors: Convertito Vincenzo , De Matteis Raffaella , Amoroso Ortensia , Capuano Paolo
Published: July 2022

Sub surface operations for energy production such as gas storage, fluid injection or hydraulic fracking modify the physical properties of the crust, in particular seismic velocity and anelastic attenuation. Continuously measuring these properties may be crucial to monitor the status of the reservoir. Here we propose a not usual use of the empirical ground-motion prediction equations (GMPEs) to monitor large-scale medium properties variations in a reservoir during fluid injection experiments. In practice, peak-ground velocities recorded during field operations are used to update the coefficients of a reference GMPE whose variation can be physically interpreted in terms of anelastic attenuation and seismic velocity. We apply the technique to earthquakes recorded at The Geysers geothermal field in Southern California and events occurred in the St. Gallen (Switzerland) geothermal field. Our results suggest that the GMPEs can be effectively used as a proxy for some reservoir properties variation by using induced earthquakes recorded at relatively dense networks.
Cellular analysis of SOD1 protein-aggregation propensity and toxicity: a case of ALS with slow progression harboring homozygous SOD1-D92G mutation
Authors: Sawamura Masanori , Imamura Keiko , Hikawa Rie , Enami Takako , Nagahashi Ayako , Yamakado Hodaka , Ichijo Hidenori , Fujisawa Takao , Yamashita Hirofumi , Minamiyama Sumio , Kaido Misako , Wada Hiromi , Urushitani Makoto , Inoue Haruhisa , Egawa Naohiro , Takahashi Ryosuke
Published: July 2022

Mutations withinSuperoxide dismutase 1(SOD1) cause amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), accounting for approximately 20% of familial cases. The pathological feature is a loss of motor neurons with enhanced formation of intracellular misfolded SOD1. HomozygousSOD1-D90Ain familial ALS has been reported to show slow disease progression. Here, we reported a rare case of a slowly progressive ALS patient harboring a novelSOD1homozygous mutationD92G(homD92G). The neuronal cell line overexpressing SOD1-D92G showed a lower ratio of the insoluble/soluble fraction of SOD1 with fine aggregates of the misfolded SOD1 and lower cellular toxicity than those overexpressing SOD1-G93A, a mutation that generally causes rapid disease progression. Next, we analyzed spinal motor neurons derived from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) of a healthy control subject and ALS patients carryingSOD1-homD92Gor heterozygousSOD1-L144FVXmutation. Lower levels of misfolded SOD1 and cell loss were observed in the motor neurons differentiated from patient-derived iPSCs carryingSOD1-homD92Gthan in those carryingSOD1-L144FVX. Taken together, SOD1-homD92G has a lower propensity to aggregate and induce cellular toxicity than SOD1-G93A or SOD1-L144FVX, and these cellular phenotypes could be associated with the clinical course of slowly progressive ALS.
Promising anti-leukemic effect of Zataria multiflora extract in combination with doxorubicin to combat acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells (Nalm-6) (in vitro and in silico)
Authors: Lashkari Mahla , Fatemi Ahmad , Valandani Hajar Mardani , Khalilabadi Roohollah Mirzaee
Published: July 2022

One of the heterogeneous hematologic malignancies of the lymphocyte precursors is ALL. ALL has two incidence peaks that were determined in 2–5 years children and 60 years old adults. Cardiotoxicity of chemotherapeutic drugs is one of important side effects which may occur during or after chemotherapy period. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of ZME, Dox, and combinations on Nalm-6 cells. In this vein, the cell viability was assessed by Trypan blue and MTT assay. Evaluation of apoptosis was also analyzed by Annexin-V/PI staining. Moreover, the expression of Bax, Bcl-2, Bcl-xl, hTERT, c-Myc, P53, and P21 genes was detected by Real-Time PCR. Molecular docking as an in-silico method was performed for Bcl-2 and Bcl-xl proteins as well. Our achievements indicated that ZME had dose-dependent effect on Nalm-6 cells and ZME synergistically potentiated Dox effect. The expression of Bax, P53 and P21 genes increased although the expression of Bcl-2 genes decreased when cells treated with ZME/ Dox combination. Molecular docking showed the interactions of carvacrol and thymol in the active cavities of BCL2 and BCL-xl. Regarding to present study, ZME could be utilized as a combinatorial and potential drug for leukemic patients, which is under the treatment by Dox due to reducing the chemotherapy drug doses.
Cholesterol affects the relationship between albumin and major adverse cardiac events in patients with coronary artery disease: a secondary analysis
Authors: Yao Yu-Feng , Chen Zhen-Yu , Luo Tian-Yi , Dou Xiao-Yan , Chen Hai-Bo
Published: July 2022

We aimed to examine whether the efficacy of the risk of poor prognosis in patients with coronary artery disease is jointly affected by total cholesterol and baseline serum albumin in a secondary analysis of previous study. We analyzed the data of 204 patients from October 2014 to October 2017 for newly diagnosed stable CAD. The outcome was major adverse cardiac events (MACE; defined as all cause mortality, non fatal myocardial infarction, and non fatal stroke). The median duration of follow-up was 783 days. Multivariable COX model was performed to revalidate the relationship between the sALB and MACE and interaction tests were conducted to find the effects of total cholesterol on their association. A total of 28 MACE occurred among the 204 participants. The risk of MACE varied by baseline serum albumin and total cholesterol. Specifically, lower serum albumin indicated higher risk of MACE (HR 3.52, 95% CI 1.30–9.54), and a test for interaction between baseline serum albumin and total cholesterol on MACE was significant (P = 0.0005). We suggested that baseline serum albumin and total cholesterol could interactively affect the risk of poor prognosis of patients with coronary artery diseases. Our findings need to be confirmed by further randomized trials.
2450-MHz microwave ablation of liver metastases under 3.0 T wide-bore magnetic resonance guidance: a pilot study
Authors: Xu Kaihao , Li Zhaonan , Liu Yiming , Liu Zaoqu , Wang Chaoyan , Jiao Dechao , Han Xinwei
Published: July 2022

To investigate the feasibility and effectiveness of 3.0 T wide-bore magnetic resonance (MR)-guided microwave ablation (MA) of liver metastases (LM). From October 2018 to May 2020, 39 patients with 63 LM were treated with 3.0 T wide-bore MR-guided 2450-MHz MA therapy. The procedure parameters, technical success, complications, biochemical index changes, local tumor response, local tumor progression (LTP), 12-month disease-free survival (DFS) and 12-month overall survival (OS) were recorded and analyzed. The mean tumor maximum diameter and total procedure time were 3.0 cm and 55.2 min, respectively. Technical success was 100%, but 5 cases (12.8%) had grade-1 complications. Alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase and total bilirubin showed a slight transient increase on day 3 (P < 0.05) and returned to normal by day 30 (P > 0.05). The complete ablation rates for ≤ 2.5 and > 2.5 cm lesions were 100% and 92.5%, respectively. During the median follow-up of 12.0 months, the LTP rate was 4.8% (3/63), and the 12-month DFS and OS rates were 61.3% and 92.2%, respectively. 3.0 T wide-bore MR-guided MA for LM is a safe and effective approach, especially for small LM.
Application of dry olive residue-based biochar in combination with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi enhances the microbial status of metal contaminated soils
Authors: Siles José A. , García-Romera Inmaculada , Cajthaml Tomas , Belloc Jorge , Silva-Castro Gloria , Szaková Jirina , Tlustos Pavel , Garcia-Sanchez Mercedes
Published: July 2022

Biochar made-up of dry olive residue (DOR), a biomass resulting from the olive oil extraction industry, has been proposed to be used as a reclamation agent for the recovery of metal contaminated soils. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether the soil application of DOR-based biochar alone or in combination with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) leads to an enhancement in the functionality and abundance of microbial communities inhabiting metal contaminated soils. To study that, a greenhouse microcosm experiment was carried out, where the effect of the factors (i) soil application of DOR-based biochar, (ii) biochar pyrolysis temperature (considering the variants 350 and 500 °C), (iii) soil application dose of biochar (2 and 5%), (iv) soil contamination level (slightly, moderately and highly polluted), (v) soil treatment time (30, 60 and 90 days) and (vi) soil inoculation with Funneliformis mosseae (AM fungus) on β-glucosidase and dehydrogenase activities, FA (fatty acid)-based abundance of soil microbial communities, soil glomalin content and AMF root colonization rates of the wheat plants growing in each microcosm were evaluated. Biochar soil amendment did not stimulate enzyme activities but increased microbial abundances. Dehydrogenase activity and microbial abundances were found to be higher in less contaminated soils and at shorter treatment times. Biochar pyrolysis temperature and application dose differently affected enzyme activities, but while the first factor did not have a significant effect on glucosidase and dehydrogenase, a higher biochar dose resulted in boosted microbial abundances. Soil inoculation with F. mosseae favored the proliferation of soil AMF community and increased soil glomalin content as well as rates of AMF root colonization. This factor also interacted with many of the others evaluated to significantly affect soil enzyme activities, microbial abundances and AMF community. Our results indicate that the application of DOR-based biochar along with AMF fungi is an appropriate approach to improve the status of microbial communities in soils with a moderate metal contamination at short-term.
Aerosol effects on the vertical structure of precipitation in East China
Authors: Sun Nan , Fu Yunfei , Zhong Lei , Li Rui
Published: July 2022

In this paper, we examine the aerosol effects on the vertical structure of precipitation in East China by matching GPM DPR (Global Precipitation Measurement Dual-frequency Precipitation Radar) and MERRA-2 (Modern-Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications, Versions2) datasets. It was found that the increase of aerosol will obviously increase the precipitation frequency when AOD (Aerosol Optical Depth) ≤ 0.5, but the excessive aerosol suppresses the precipitation frequency when AOD > 0.5 in some regions. The AOD obviously enhances the radar echo intensity of precipitation and has a stronger impact on convective precipitation. The correlation between AOD and rain rate, and that between AOD and STH (storm top height) are different in different regions of East China. The aerosol reduces the mean droplet concentration in most regions except NC (Northeast China). In most cases, aerosol increases the effective radius of precipitation and has a higher impact on convective precipitation.
PI3Kδ activity controls plasticity and discriminates between EMT and stemness based on distinct TGFβ signaling
Authors: Agnetti Jean , Bou Malham Vanessa , Desterke Christophe , Benzoubir Nassima , Peng Juan , Jacques Sophie , Rahmouni Souad , Di Valentin Emanuel , Tan Tuan Zea , Samuel Didier , Thiery Jean Paul , Gassama-Diagne Ama
Published: July 2022

The stem cells involved in formation of the complex human body are epithelial cells that undergo apicobasal polarization and form a hollow lumen. Epithelial plasticity manifests as epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), a process by which epithelial cells switch their polarity and epithelial features to adopt a mesenchymal phenotype. The connection between the EMT program and acquisition of stemness is now supported by a substantial number of reports, although what discriminates these two processes remains largely elusive. In this study, based on 3D organoid culture of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)-derived cell lines and AAV8-based protein overexpression in the mouse liver, we show that activity modulation of isoform δ of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3Kδ) controls differentiation and discriminates between stemness and EMT by regulating the transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) signaling. This study provides an important tool to control epithelial cell fate and represents a step forward in understanding the development of aggressive carcinoma.
Mitochondrial surface coating with artificial lipid membrane improves the transfer efficacy
Authors: Nakano Takafumi , Nakamura Yoshihiko , Park Ji-Hyun , Tanaka Masayoshi , Hayakawa Kazuhide
Published: July 2022

Extracellular mitochondria are present and act as non-cell-autonomous signals to support energetic homeostasis. While mitochondria allograft is a promising approach in rescuing neurons, glia, and vascular cells in CNS injury and disease, there are profound limitations in cellular uptake of mitochondria together with the efficacy. Here, we modified mitochondria by coating them with cationic DOTAP mixed with DOPE via a modified inverted emulsion method to improve mitochondrial transfer and efficacy. We initially optimized the method using control microbeads and liposomes followed by using mitochondria isolated from intact cerebral cortex of male adult C57BL/6J mice. After the coating process, FACS analysis indicated that approximately 86% of mitochondria were covered by DOTAP/DOPE membrane. Moreover, the artificial membrane-coated mitochondria (AM-mito) shifted the zeta-potential toward positive surface charge, confirming successful coating of isolated mitochondria. Mitochondrial proteins (TOM40, ATP5a, ACADM, HSP60, COX IV) and membrane potentials were well maintained in AM-mito. Importantly, the coating improved mitochondrial internalization and neuroprotection in cultured neurons. Furthermore, intravenous infusion of AM-mito immediately after focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion amplified cerebroprotection in vivo. Collectively, these findings indicate that mitochondrial surface coating with artificial lipid membrane is feasible and may improve the therapeutic efficacy of mitochondria allograft.
Deprotonation of phenol linked to a silicon dioxide surface using adaptive feedback laser control with a heterodyne detected sum frequency generation signal
Authors: Goun Alexei , Frederick Esther , Er Ali O. , Bernasek Steven L. , Rabitz Herschel
Published: July 2022

Phenol molecules bound to a silicon dioxide surface where the hydroxyl group undergoes deprotonation under the action of the shaped optical pulse.
Tunable surface plasmon resonance enhanced fluorescence via the stretching of a gold quantum dot-coated aluminum-coated elastomeric grating substrate
Authors: Yaiwong Patrawadee , Lertvachirapaiboon Chutiparn , Shinbo Kazunari , Kato Keizo , Ounnunkad Kontad , Baba Akira
Published: July 2022

Controlling the fluorescence intensity of AuQDs by shifting the SPR-excitation wavelength was demonstrated by stretching the Al-coated PDMS-grating substrate.
An ICT-guided ratiometric naphthalene–benzothiazole-based probe for the detection of cyanide with real-time applications in human breast cancer cells
Authors: Banerjee Shilpita , Mandal Moumi , Halder Satyajit , Karak Anirban , Banik Dipanjan , Jana Kuladip , Mahapatra Ajit Kumar
Published: July 2022

The probe MNBTZ reacts with cyanide by inhibiting ICT and resulting in a ratiometric fluorescence change from bright yellow to light purple. The hypsochromic shift in wavelength can be seen in the human breast cancer cell imaging study.
0D hybrid indium halides with highly efficient intrinsic broadband light emissions
Authors: Li Dong-Yang , Sun Yu-Ming , Xu Zi-Yan , Xiao Pan-Chao , Song Jun-Hua , Lei Xiao-Wu , Chen Guang , Yue Cheng-Yang
Published: July 2022

Two new zero-dimensional hybrid indium halides of [H2DMP]2InX7·2H2O (X = Cl, Br) display intrinsic broadband yellow-orange light emissions with the highest quantum yield of 58.53%, which exceeds those of all previously reported 0D indium halides.
Palladium(ii)-catalyzed enantioselective intermolecular oxidative diarylation of internal enamides
Authors: Xia Tingting , Xi Yang , Ding Haojie , Zhang Yetong , Fang Ke , Wu Xianqing , Qu Jingping , Chen Yifeng
Published: July 2022

Pd(ii)-Catalyzed highly enantioselective intermolecular oxidative 1,2-diarylation reaction of internal enamides with aryl boronic acids is reported.
Augmenting metallobasicity to modulate gold hydrogen bonding
Authors: Maltz Logan T. , Wilkins Lewis C. , Gabbaï François P.
Published: July 2022

Enhancing gold's metallobasicity through chloride to phenyl ligand substitution afforded an observable increase in the strength of the Au(i)⋯H–O hydrogen bond.
First hyperpolarizability of water in bulk liquid phase: long-range electrostatic effects included via the second hyperpolarizability
Authors: Le Breton Guillaume , Bonhomme Oriane , Benichou Emmanuel , Loison Claire
Published: July 2022

The molecular first hyperpolarizability β contributes to second-order optical non-linear signals collected from molecular liquids. The second hyperpolarizability γ permits to model how the environment far away from a target molecule impacts its β.
Mechanism and kinetics of the reaction of the Criegee intermediate CH2OO with acetic acid studied using a step-scan Fourier-transform IR spectrometer
Authors: Behera Bedabyas , Takahashi Kaito , Lee Yuan-Pern
Published: July 2022

We observed IR absorption of an open-form and an intramolecularly H-bonded isomer of CH3C(O)OCH2OOH (HPMA). The former was dehydrated to CH3C(O)OC(O)H (FAA) and the latter is stable. Rate coefficients of CH2OO + CH3C(O)OH and HPMA → FAA were derived.
Structural and thermodynamic insights into the Cren7 mediated DNA organization in Crenarchaeota
Authors: K Geethika , Thomas Angel Rose , Vyjayanthi T. Srividya , Mandal Soumit S.
Published: July 2022

Cren7 induced bending and compaction of DNA involve a cumulative outcome of electrostatic and non-electrostatic interactions with the latter majorly contributing to its stabilization.
Atomistic simulation of helium diffusion and clustering in plutonium dioxide
Authors: Murray Elanor , Zhou Ying , Slater Peter , Smith Roger , Goddard Pooja , Steele Helen
Published: July 2022

Helium atoms diffuse via oxygen vacancies in PuO2. Helium atoms will migrate to growing helium clusters, the maximum He : vacancy ratio of a stable helium cluster is approximately 3.5 : 1.
Extremely broadband light absorption by bismuth-based metamaterials involving hybrid resonances
Authors: Wu Jun , Huang Dengchao , Wu Biyuan , Wu Xiaohu
Published: July 2022

An ultra-broadband polarization-insensitive perfect absorber for the 400–4000 nm spectral range is proposed and studied.
Generation of singlet oxygen over CeO2/K,Na-codoped g-C3N4 for tetracycline hydrochloride degradation over a wide pH range
Authors: Zheng Jianfei , Xu Zhen , Xin Sitian , Zhu Bicheng , Nie Longhui
Published: July 2022

The singlet oxygen could be generated over a novel Fenton-like CeO2/CN catalyst via Ce4+/Ce3+ redox for the first time in dark and was utilized to efficiently degrade the emerging pollutant of TCH in a wide pH value (1.20–11.20).
A review of optoelectrowetting (OEW): from fundamentals to lab-on-a-smartphone (LOS) applications to environmental sensors
Authors: Thio Si Kuan , Park Sung-Yong
Published: July 2022

This article reviews the fundamentals of the optoelectrowetting (OEW) technology, discusses its research progress, limitations, technological innovations, and finally introduces its emergence as portable smartphone-integrated environmental sensors.
Label-free purification and characterization of optogenetically engineered cells using optically-induced dielectrophoresis
Authors: Yang Jia , Gu Yanyu , Zhang Chuang , Zhang Yuzhao , Liang Wenfeng , Hao Lina , Zhao Ying , Liu Lianqing , Wang Wenxue
Published: July 2022

We propose label-free and nondestructive on-chip purification and characterization of optogenetically engineered cells, thus significantly enhancing their application performance.
Progress in the development of solid-state electrolytes for reversible room-temperature sodium–sulfur batteries
Authors: Vineeth S. K. , Tebyetekerwa Mike , Liu Hanwen , Soni Chhail Bihari , Sungjemmenla  , Zhao X. S. , Kumar Vipin
Published: July 2022

Solid electrolytes for room-temperature sodium–sulfur batteries have gained acceptance considering the advantages of safety, mitigating the polysulfide shuttling, stable cycling and mechanical property, which suppresses dendrite proliferation.
High-performance hierarchical O-SnS/I-ZnIn2S4 photodetectors by leveraging the synergy of optical regulation and band tailoring
Authors: Ye Qiaojue , Xu Degao , Cai Biao , Lu Jianting , Yi Huaxin , Ma Churong , Zheng Zhaoqiang , Yao Jiandong , Ouyang Gang , Yang Guowei
Published: July 2022

A hierarchical SnS/ZnIn2S4 heterostructure with optical regulation and band tailoring is developed for high-performance broadband integrated optoelectronics.
Biomass-derived cellulose nanofibers and iron oxide-based nanohybrids for thermal insulation application
Authors: Sen Sourav , Singh Ajit , Kailasam Kamalakannan , Bera Chandan , Roy Sangita
Published: July 2022

This study reports the development of a nanohybrid aerogel from biomass-derived cellulose nanofibers and iron oxide, with high mechanical strength, fire retardant properties and low thermal conductivity as low as 0.024 W m−1 K−1.
Highly diastereoselective annulation of 2-substituted 3-nitro-2H-chromenes with hemicurcuminoids and curcuminoids via a double and triple Michael reaction cascade
Authors: Zimnitskiy Nikolay S. , Barkov Alexey Yu. , Kochnev Ivan A. , Kutyashev Igor B. , Korotaev Vladislav Yu. , Sosnovskikh Vyacheslav Ya.
Published: July 2022

One-pot stereoselective methods for the synthesis of hexahydro-9H-benzo[c]chromen-9-ones and hexahydro-1H,6H-chromeno[6,5-c]chromen-1-ones have been developed.
DFT studies of electronic and nonlinear optical properties of a novel class of excess electron compounds based on multi-alkali metal atoms-doped Janus face C13H10F12
Authors: Zheng Ruiting , Zhang Bicheng , Wang Chao , Hou Jianhua
Published: July 2022

Three-ring Janus face C13H10F12 has a larger surface than F6C6H6, which is useful to tune different types of excess electron compound by doping multi-alkali metal atoms.
Synthesis of 1,2-diselenides via potassium persulfate-mediated diselenation of allenamides with diselenides
Authors: Tan Xiaoju , Zhao Kun , Zhong Xuefang , Yang Lan , Dong Yiming , Wang Tianmi , Yu Shengping , Li Xiaoxiao , Zhao Zhigang
Published: July 2022

The first report of potassium persulfate-mediated diselenation of allenamides via a radical process to create a workable route to 1,2-diselenide products.
Enhancing metal dispersion over an Mo/ZSM-5 catalyst for methane dehydroaromatization
Authors: Chen Pingping , Wang Xiaohui , Yu Rui , Gu Yu , Lyu Yuchao , Tian Yupeng , Fu Jianye , Liu Xinmei
Published: July 2022

Mo dispersion is the key factor promoting the performance of an Mo/ZSM-5 catalyst for the methane dehydroaromatization (MDA) reaction.
Systematic tuning of the emission colors and redox potential of Eu(ii)-containing cryptates by changing the N/O ratio of cryptands
Authors: Yan Wenchao , Li Tingzhou , Cai Zelun , Qi Hao , Guo Ruoyao , Huo Peihao , Liu Zhiwei , Bian Zuqiang
Published: July 2022

The λmax, excited-state lifetimes, and the anodic peak potential of Eu2+/Eu3+ for Eu(ii)-containing cryptates depend linearly on the number of N atoms.
Combination effect of flow channel configuration and anode GDL porosity on mass transfer and performance of PEM water electrolyzers
Authors: Zhou Haoran , Chen Ben , Meng Kai , Luo Maji , Li Peng , Tu Zhengkai
Published: July 2022

A three-dimensional numerical model of the PEM water electrolyzer was constructed to account for the combined effect of the non-uniform depth of the flow channel and the non-uniform porosity of the anode gas diffusion layer on the mass transfer characteristics.
Control over emergence and alignment of transient blisters in thermo-responsive gels using hierarchically patterned substrates
Authors: Liu Ya , Zhang Cathy T. , Aizenberg Joanna , Balazs Anna C.
Published: July 2022

Surfaces with tunable microscale textures are vital in a large variety of technological applications, including heat transfer, antifouling and adhesion.
Dually-dynamic covalent tetraPEG hydrogels end-linked with boronate ester and acylhydrazone groups
Authors: Michael Charalambos , Apostolides Demetris E. , Patrickios Costas S. , Sakai Takamasa
Published: July 2022

TetraPEG hydrogels cross-linked via both boronic acid ester and acylhydrazone dynamic covalent bonds were developed. Adjustment of the fraction of each type of cross-link allows the fine-tuning of hydrogel behavior between self-repair and stability.
Side-chain halogen effects on self-assembly and hydrogelation of cationic phenylalanine derivatives
Authors: Abraham Brittany L. , Mensah Samantha G. , Gwinnell Benjamin R. , Nilsson Bradley L.
Published: July 2022

Subtle modification of phenylalanine-derived gelators through side-chain halogenation significantly impacts self-assembly and gelation potential, nanoscale assembly morphology, and hydrogel viscoelastic properties.
Mitigating deep-level defects through a self-healing process for highly efficient wide-bandgap inorganic CsPbI3−xBrx perovskite photovoltaics
Authors: Liu Jun , Wang Ming , Lin Jinhong , Chen Guojie , Liu Baoxing , Huang Jincheng , Zhang Meng , Liang Guangxing , Lu Lei , Xu Ping , Tian Bingbing , Kwok Hoi-Sing , Li Guijun
Published: July 2022

Thermal admittance spectroscopy is used to explain the self-healing process in the wide bandgap inorganic CsPbI3−xBrx. It is revealed that the deep-level interstitial defects in the fresh film can be self-healed when stored in a low-humidity ambient condition.
Graphene oxide as a versatile platform for emerging hydrovoltaic technology
Authors: Jiao Shipu , Li Yang , Li Jiaxuan , Abrha Halayit , Liu Miao , Cui Jinran , Wang Jiao , Dai Yexin , Liu Xianhua
Published: July 2022

Graphene oxide has been demonstrated as a promising platform for hydrovoltaic technology. A wide variety of GO-based hydrovoltaic materials with distinctly different morphological, mechanical and functional features have been created.
Nucleic acid paranemic structures: a promising building block for functional nanomaterials in biomedical and bionanotechnological applications
Authors: Lee Jung Yeon , Yang Qi , Chang Xu , Wisniewski Henry , Olivera Tiffany R. , Saji Minu , Kim Suchan , Perumal Devanathan , Zhang Fei
Published: July 2022

This review highlights the PX-based DNA nanostructures in biological systems, dynamic systems, and biomedical contexts.
A NIR-II light-modulated injectable self-healing hydrogel for synergistic photothermal/chemodynamic/chemo-therapy of melanoma and wound healing promotion
Authors: Huang Xiaohua , Tang Lei , Xu Lin , Zhang Yu , Li Guangyao , Peng Weiling , Guo Xiaolu , Zhou Li , Liu Chanjuan , Shen Xing-Can
Published: July 2022

A novel NIR-II activatable multi-responsive self-healing hydrogel with inherent photothermal, chemodynamic, and antibacterial activity is developed for multimodal synergic melanoma therapy and promoting wound healing.