bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Overview on an open pit mine planning of the pickstone peerless in a volatile environment
Authors:   Department of Mining and Mineral Processing Engineering, Manicaland State University of Applied Sciences, Ngoroyemoto Tapiwa Frank Kwachara , Chewu Charles ,   Department of Mining and Mineral Processing Engineering, Manicaland State University of Applied Sciences, Runganga Desire ,   Department of Mining and Mineral Processing Engineering, Manicaland State University of Applied Sciences, Nyamagudza Tatenda ,   Department of Mining and Mineral Processing Engineering, Manicaland State University of Applied Sciences, Sabao Ashley Ruvimbo ,   Department of Mining and Mineral Processing Engineering, Manicaland State University of Applied Sciences
Published: July 2022

The prevailing mining climate is highly characterized by unstable consumables pricing systems, a volatile economy and skyrocketing operational costs, and exacerbated by a steady decline and intermittence in the availability of electricity. Zimbabwean mines need to extensively capitalize on the opportunity to improve productivity by emphasizing variables they can control, predominantly operational efficiency to avoid resizing of operations or facilitating downsizing by relatively insignificant factors. In this study, cycle times, rig penetration, utilization, availability and payloads were used to evaluate the mining cycles, operator costs and the information was compared against the life of mine plans with block models. Shifts were restructured to be concordant to the schedule provided by the utility company to save fuel that was being used to power metallurgical plant. Several challenges have been identified as the principal reasons behind discrepancies between the theoretical capabilities of equipment were proven to be achievable by a trial schedule which reduced the 7 days/month to less than 2 days a month. The new schedule reflects a theoretical improvement of close to 25% and significantly lower operational costs. The current mining fleet is capable of meeting the stipulated targets and even achieving more even within tough working environments characterized by harsh load shedding schedules and volatile inflation rates; however, this requires stringent monitoring and evaluation of unit process. By adopting the recommended short term production plans will avoid resizing of operations as it automatically reduces the operational costs by US $3 million annually whilst coercing both operators and management to improve their operational efficiency.
Perubahan dan Implikasi Susunan Organisasi dan Kewenangan Majelis Permusyawaratan Rakyat Setelah Amandemen UUD 1945
Authors: Haryanto Tenang , Hartini Sri , Toufik Muhammad , Kartika Krisnhoe
Published: July 2022

The organizational structure of the MPR based on the amendments to the 1945 Constitution consists of members of the DPR and members of the DPD. Membership of the MPR is similar to the membership of Congress in the United States, which consists of the House of Representatives (lower house) and the Senate (high house). The authority of the MPR after the amendment of Article 3 of the Constitution of the MPR is no longer the highest state institution, but is a state institution whose position is equal to other state institutions. The purpose of this paper is to examine the changes in the organizational structure and authority of the People's Consultative Assembly after the amendment to the 1945 Constitution and what are the implications for changes in the organizational structure and authority of the MPR after the amendment. This research uses a statue approach. Data sourced from primary and secondary legal materials were analyzed using qualitative normative analysis methods. The results of the study found that after the amendment to the 1945 Constitution, the concept of the MPR as the holder of people's sovereignty was abolished. The MPR no longer holds the highest power in the state administration system in Indonesia. The implications of changes after the amendment to the Constitution, the role of the MPR is only limited to carrying out the task of socializing the results of the amendments to the 1945 Constitution and inaugurating the President and Vice President.Keywords:  Organizational structure, Authority, MPR
Implementasi Peraturan Bupati Tegal Nomor 6 Tahun 2019 Tentang Fasilitasi Penumbuhan dan Pengembangan Kewirausahaan di Kabupaten Tegal
Authors: Taufik Moh , Rakhmatullah Bha'iq Roza
Published: July 2022

The Tegal Regency Government under the leadership of Mrs. Umi Azizah created a program to be able to help overcome unemployment, especially among youth in Tegal Regency, by issuing a policy in the form of Regent Regulation Number 6 of 2019 concerning Facilitation of Entrepreneurship Growth and Development for Youth in Tegal Regency. This research is normative juridical research on issues relating to laws and other accompanying regulations regarding youth and entrepreneurship, this study aims to determine the implementation of the Tegal regent's regulation number 6 of 2019 concerning the facilitation of the growth and development of entrepreneurship. in this study using qualitative data analysis methods, namely normative juridical presented descriptively. Regent Regulation number 6 of 2019 made the main strategy, namely the commitment of Tegal Regency to improve the ranking of all indicators in youth and entrepreneurial policies in a better direction, structural improvements for all indicators, increasing independent entrepreneurs who can contribute to the community and the Tegal Regency Regional Government.Keywords: Implementation, Entrepreneurship, Economy of Tegal Regency.
Wakaf Produktif Sumber Mata Air Sebagai Upaya Mewujudkan Kesejahteraan Umat Berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 41 Tahun 2004 Tentang Wakaf
Authors: Mustajab Dodi
Published: July 2022

Society in general considers waqf limited to immovable objects that are used for the common good. For example, land used to build mosques, Islamic boarding schools, schools, cemeteries, and so on. In fact, apart from having a religious spiritual dimension, waqf is actually an Islamic teaching that is beneficial for the welfare of the people. This study aims to describe the waqf of springs as an effort to realize the welfare of the people. This study used qualitative research methods. The data is sourced from primary and secondary data which is processed and analyzed in a descriptive-analytical manner. The results of the study show that water sources can also be used as legal waqf objects. However, it should be underlined that the waqf is a source of water or wells, and not the water itself. This is because water is classified as something that can be consumed / utilized so that it cannot be used as a waqf object. In contrast to wells or water sources that can always flow and provide benefits. In a sense, this water waqf is used for public and religious purposes, such as bathing, drinking, and ablution.Keywords: waqf, water sources, welfare, people.
Al-Qaṣīda al-Ḫazraǧiyya. Arabic Metrics Explained in Verses
Authors: Capezio Oriana
Published: July 2022

Didactic poems are one of the main sources for the study of Arabic metrics; one of the best known and most widespread examples is that of al-Ḫazraǧī, Ḍiyāʾ al-Dīn Abū Muḥammad ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿUṯmān al-Mālikī al-Andalusī. His work, entitledal-Rāmiza al-šāfiya fī ʿilmay al-ʿarūḍ wa-l-qāfiya, came to be known asal-Qaṣīda al-Ḫazraǧiyya. The current study focuses on the presentation, translation, and description of thisqaṣīda, based on the commentary made by Muḥammad ibn Abī Bakr al-Damāmīnī (d. 827/1424) and entitledal-ʿUyūn al-ġāmiza ʿalā ḫabāyā al-rāmiza. The main objective is to offer an Italian version of theqaṣīda, and at the same time to show that the didactic poem is, even today, a convenient starting point for the study ofʿilm al-ʿarūḍ.
Analisis Sektor Basis Dan Pengaruhnya Terhadap Pengeluaran Pemerintah Di Kabupaten Banyuwangi
Authors: Yunita Fira , Rahmawati Farida
Published: July 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis seberapa besar pengaruh sektor basis dan pengeluaran pemerintah terhadap perekonomian Kabupaten Banyuwangi selama periode 2010 – 2020. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini merupakan metode analisis location quotient secara garis besar digunakan untuk melihat sektor unggulan dan menggunakan regresi linier berganda dengan analisis deskriptif untuk melihat seberapa besar pengaruh sektor basis dan pengeluaran pemerintah. Jenis data yang digunakan  yaitu data sekunder yang diperoleh melalui Badan Pusat Statistik Jawa Timur dan Kabupaten Banyuwangi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa yang termasuk  sektor basis yaitu sektor pertanian, sektor pertambangan, sektor konstruksi, sektor jasa pendidikan, sektor transportasi. Untuk hasil regresi menunjukkan bahwa sektor pertanian dan sektor konstruksi berpengaruh signifikan terhadap pengeluaran pemerintah di Kabupaten Banyuwangi, sedangkan sektor pertambangan, jasa pendidikan, transpotasi tidak memberikan pengaruh secara signifikan terhadap pengeluaran pemerintah di Kabupaten Banyuwangi. Secara bersama sama memberikan pengaruh yang cukup signifikan untuk meningkatkan perekonomian di Kabupaten Banyuwangi.
ANALISIS KETERSEDIAAN DAN KEBUTUHAN AIR BAKU KOTA BALIKPAPAN STUDI KASUS: WADUK MANGGAR, KOTA BALIKPAPAN
Authors: Sukmara Riyan Benny , Pratama Jarot Jaya , Ariyaningsih
Published: July 2022

Permasalahan ketersediaan air dikota Balikpapan menjadi isu yang belum terselesaikan. Dengan jumlah penduduk sebesar 736.807 jiwa (tahun 2015), waduk Manggar sebagai pemasok utama kebutuhan air penduduk hanya mampu mensuplai 73% dari total kebutuhan air di Balikpapan. Dengan tingkat pertumbuhan penduduk sebesar 4.3% dalam rentang waktu 2014-2015, maka masalah penyediaan air baku menjadi kekhawatiran yang sangat krusial dimasa mendatang. Oleh karena itu, maka perlu adanya sebuah kajian untuk melihat kemampuan waduk ini dalam pemenuhan kebutuhan air dimasa mendatang. Metode yang digunakan adalah menggunakan proyeksi 20 tahun kedepan dengan perkiraan jumlah penduduk ditahun 2035 sebesar 3.585.168 jiwa dengan kebutuhan air sebesar 319.464.28 m3. Hasil analisa diketahui bahwa Waduk Manggar masih mampu memenuhi 60,7% dari total kebutuhan air Kota Balikpapan pada tahun 2035.
PENGGUNAAN BAHAN ADITIF SEBAGAI BAHAN STABILISASI TANAH UNTUK LAPISAN PONDASI JALAN
Authors: Mauritius Ildo Rivendi Naikofi  , Egidius Kalogo  , Rikardus Sabon Doni  , Engelbertha N.B. Seran
Published: July 2022

Nusa Tenggara Timur (NTT) merupakan daerah kepulauan dengan berbagai karakteristik lapisan batuan yang sebagian besar didominasi oleh batuan kapur/koral. Kondisi dominasi batuan koral dan ketersediaan sarana transportasi laut yang sangat minim, sangat berpengaruh pada laju pembangunan pada daerah tersebut. Akses kesampaian material yang cukup sulit yang berakibat pada kelangkaan material dan minimnya ketersediaan peralatan adalah kondisi yang lumrah dibeberapa daerah di NTT. Pada pembangunan infrastruktur jalan, kendala penyediaan bahan anggregat sesuai spefikasi memiliki kesulitan tersendiri dalam penyediaannya. Ketiadaan kuari alam untuk suplai material menjadi mungkin terjadi diwilayah NTT terutama-pada pulau-pulau kecil sehingga perlu adanya terobosan baru untuk memanfaatkan material yang ada pada lokasi konstruksi sebagai bahan lapis pondasi untuk pekerrasan jalan sehinggah metode stabilisasi tanah dasar sebagai lapis pondasi memberikan dampak positif terutama meminimalisir kesenjangan pembangunan infrastruktur antara pulau berpenduduk yang satu dengan yang lainnya diwilayah NTT.
ANALISIS PERBEDAAN ANALISA HARGA SATUAN ITEM PEKERJAAN PADA RENCANA ANGGARAN BIAYA DAN PELAKSANAAN (Studi Kasus : Proyek Preservasi Jalan Lingkar Luar Kota Kupang)
Authors: Alfonsa Maria Delsi  , Laurensius Lulu  , Christiani Chandra Manubulu  , Gregorius Paus Usboko
Published: July 2022

Penelitian ini mengenai perbedaan analisa harga satuan item pekerjaan pada rencana anggaran biaya dan pelaksanaan akibat terjadinya perubahan koefisien berdasarkan produksi tenaga kerja dan peralatan dalam pelaksanaan. Pengamatan ini dilakukan untuk 5 item pekerjaan pada Proyek Preservasi Jalan Lingkar Luar Kota Kupang. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perbedaan koefisien tenaga kerja dan peralatan dan mengetahui perbedaan analisa harga satuan item pekerjaan rencana anggaran biaya dan pelaksanaan akibat terjadinya perubahan koefisien berdasarkan produksi tenaga kerja dan peralatan dalam pelaksanaan. Data yang diperlukan untuk menyelesaikan penelitian ini adalah data primer yang diperoleh dari pengamatan langsung di lapangan yaitu waktu kerja efektif di lapangan, jumlah tenaga kerja dan peralatan, hasil kerja tenaga kerja dan alat selama waktu yang diamati dan data sekunder yang diperoleh dari PT. Alamindah Cendanalestari yaitu analisa harga satuan item pekerjaan dan koefisien tenaga kerja dan peralatan. Hasil analisa koefisien tenaga kerja di pelaksanaan dan koefisien tenaga kerja yang diestimasi dalam RAB memiliki perbedaan. Perbedaan yang terjadi pada koefisien menyebabkan terjadinya juga perbedaan pada analisa harga satuan.  Perbedaan analisa harga satuan antara RAB dan pelaksanaan menyebabkan terjadinya perubahan keuntungan.
PENGARUH PARKIR DI BADAN JALAN TERHADAP KINERJA RUAS JALAN CAK DOKO
Authors: Engelbertha N.B. Seran  , Maria Junita Klau
Published: July 2022

Pengendalian parkir di badan jalan maupun di luar badan jalan merupakan hal penting dalam mengendalikan lalu lintas agar kemacetan, polusi, kebisingan dapat dikurangi, dan pada gilirannya ia dapat meningkatkan standar kualitas lingkungan, kualitas pergerakan pejalan kaki dan pengendara sepeda (Hobbs, 1995). Salah satu kasus yang menghambat arus lalu lintas dan menurunkan tingkat layanan jalan di jalan Cak Doko adalah adanya banyak fasilitas publik seperti perkantoran, rumah makan dan pertokoan di kawasan tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji kinerja jalan pada ruas Cak Doko street. Analisis menggunakan metode Manual Kapasitas Jalan Indonesia menunjukkan bahwa kinerja ruas jalan tersebut termasuk buruk, dengan nilai derajat kejenuhan untuk kondisi exsisiting sebesar 0,77 dan untuk kondisi larang parkir sebesar 0,72. Nilai LoS untuk kondisi exsisting mencapai 0,77 (Kategori E) dimana Volume lalulintas mendekati atau berada pada kapasitas aliran tidak stabil dan terkadang berhenti. Dan LoS untuk kondisi larang parkir sebesar 0,72 (Kategori D) dimana aliran mendekati tidak stabil, kecepatan masih dikendalikan dan tingkat Q/C masih dapat diterima. Kasus-kasus dominan yang berkontribusi pada kemacetan lalu lintas dan menurunkan tingkat pelayanan jalan ini adalah kegiatan parkir pada badan jalan. Dalam rangka memperbaiki kinerja ruas jalan, salah satu aspek perbaikan adalah pengelolaan kegiatan parkir pada badan jalan.
Методика оценивания частотного сдвига сигналов с совмещением несущих частот на основе априорных сведений о синхрокомбинации канального уровня
Authors:   Military Space Academy named after A.F. Mozhaisky,  197198, Russia, St. Petersburg, st. Zhdanovskaya, 13, Peredry A.V. , Saniev R.R. ,   Military Space Academy named after A.F. Mozhaisky,  197198, Russia, St. Petersburg, st. Zhdanovskaya, 13, Semenov K.V. ,   Military Space Academy named after A.F. Mozhaisky,  197198, Russia, St. Petersburg, st. Zhdanovskaya, 13, Semenyuk S.S. ,   Military Space Academy named after A.F. Mozhaisky,  197198, Russia, St. Petersburg, st. Zhdanovskaya, 13
Published: July 2022

The article is devoted to the study of the possibility of estimating the frequency shift of the component components of the group signal with the combination of carrier frequencies using reference phase-shift keyed signals with a known synchrocombination structure. Analytical expressions are obtained for the additive mixture of subscriber signals with the combination of carrier frequencies, taking into account the Doppler frequency shift. The results of estimating the root-mean-square deviation of the error of the frequency shift of subscriber signals depending on the length of the sync pattern of the reference phase-shift keyed signal at different signal-to-noise ratios, obtained on the basis of simulation modeling, are presented. The results of the research can be used in solving the problems of geolocation of subscriber terminals of satellite communication systems operating on the technology of combining carrier frequencies.
El nuevo mundo filosófico de Juan de Dios Salazar: la primera obra filosófica del Perú republicano
Authors: Cerpa Estremadoyro Rafael Felipe
Published: July 2022

Pocos años después de la declaración de independencia en 1821, salieron de las imprentas peruanas las primeras obras de filosofía del periodo republicano. A través de un trabajo de archivo, podemos concluir que la primera obra filosófica en el Perú independiente es el Nuevo mundo filosófico (1823) del médico y matemático arequipeño Juan de Dios Salazar, aunque una versión más breve y parcial de esta se publicó un año antes con el título de Discurso ideológico (1822). El análisis de ese escrito deja ver una gnoseología de corte sensualista que se entremezcla con elementos propios de las fisiologías de su tiempo. Nuestra investigación esclarece una etapa de la historia de las ideas y de la medicina en el país que hasta ahora ha sido apenas estudiada, y pretende proporcionar al lector un primer acercamiento a la implantación de corrientes como el sensualismo, la ideología o el vitalismo médico en el Perú.
Prácticas de literacidad para la revitalización de la lengua k’anjob’al de Chiapas, México
Authors: Córdova Hernández Lorena
Published: July 2022

El presente artículo describe un primer ejercicio de documentación para la revitalización de la lengua k’anjob’al a partir de la producción de un material bilingüe (lengua indígena-español) en una comunidad de vitalidad lingüística alta del municipio de La Trinitaria, Chiapas (México). La elaboración del material promovió prácticas de literacidad, entendidas como prácticas sociales en las que se utiliza la lectura y la escritura con objetivos específicos, en un contexto donde dichas prácticas son limitadas e incluso inexistentes. La metodología, basada en la antropología colaborativa, se desarrolló a partir de la elicitación de información durante tres temporadas de campo en el último semestre de 2019. En el desarrollo del artículo se presentan los resultados obtenidos de dos fases: i) documentación de lengua y cultura y ii) validación del material. Por lo tanto, el progreso de esta investigación se basa en tres premisas: a) mediante prácticas de literacidad, fortalecer procesos identitarios entre los hablantes de dicha lengua en México; b) producir textos para contextos y usuarios reales, es decir, materiales de consumo familiar e intercomunitario; c) a través del fomento de la biliteracidad, documentar la memoria cultural y visibilizar el uso de la lengua escrita para generar futuras iniciativas revitalizadoras a escala regional.
Adquisición de las consonantes del quechua ancashino en niños bilingües quechua ancashino-castellano andino de 2, 4 y 5 años: Procesos fonológicos
Authors: Carhuachin Huerta Luz Nieves
Published: July 2022

El presente estudio trata sobre cómo las producciones de niños bilingües quechua ancashino-castellano andino de 2, 4 y 5 años, progresivamente, se van acercando a producciones adultas de una de sus L1. En este sentido, explicita y describe cuáles son los procesos fonológicos en los que incurren los niños durante el proceso adquisitivo de las consonantes del quechua ancashino y, además, explica por qué estos suceden. Los resultados, por un lado, concluyen que son nueve los procesos fonológicos sistemáticos evidenciados en las producciones de los niños, los cuales pierden fuerza conforme estos tienen más edad. Por otro lado, ponen en evidencia que los niños van adquiriendo el sistema fonológico del quechua ancashino respetando la naturalidad y frecuencia de los rasgos fonológicos en las diversas lenguas del mundo. Es decir, este estudio patentiza que los principios de marcadez y de robustez (Clements, 2009) gobiernan la adquisición de esta lengua.
Entre lo fantástico y lo místico: lo misterioso
Authors: Olive Rafols Laia
Published: July 2022

Al misterio, que aterra y apela a la vez, van lo fantástico y lo místico, aunque distintamente. Este artículo repasa cómo lo hacen y revisa la terminología común en las investigaciones al respecto con tal de proponer una categoría que se encuentra entre ellas y surge en la poesía: “lo misterioso”. Desde la narrativa, lo fantástico manifiesta el sentimiento de “lo ominoso” (Unheimliches) a través de los fenómenos “preternaturales” (excepciones a la naturaleza) y “transnaturales” (de la “transrealidad”, más allá de la nuestra). Lo místico poetiza “lo numinoso” (Unheimliches) tras la unión divina (éxtasis) vinculada a la “sobrerrealidad” (divina), de la que aparecen los fenómenos “sobrenaturales” (divinos). Lo misterioso muestra las conexiones invisibles entre las cosas intuidas por el poeta, quien se siente como en casa en el misterio de la realidad (Heimliches) alcanzando un “ínstasis” y descubriendo un sinfín de conocimiento inefable (“lo minoso”) que trata de cantar sin jamás lograr del todo. Para una mayor comprensión de lo expuesto, se proponen los siguientes ejemplos: el cuento “El perseguidor” (1986) de Cortázar para lo fantástico, algunos fragmentos de poemas de San Juan de la Cruz para lo místico y el poema “Al centro rayeante” (1949) de Juan Ramón Jiménez para lo misterioso.
THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR. PATRIOTISM AND COURAGE OF THE PEOPLE. THE QUESTION OF THE PRICE OF VICTORY
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia, Dubrovsky David I.
Published: July 2022

The article critically examines the facts and circumstances of insufficiently truthful coverage of the events of the Great Patriotic War, especially its first two years. The reasons for our heaviest defeats during this period are being clarified, among which, along with the strategic miscalculations of the country's leadership, Stalin's repressions were of paramount importance, which destroyed more than 90% of the top command staff of the Red Army. It shows who replaced them, who is responsible for the inept leadership of the fronts and armies, how many lives it was paid for. But despite everything, it was thanks to the courage, dedication, heroism of many thousands of fighters, and national patriotism that the blitzkrieg planned by Hitler was thwarted and the Germans suffered a crushing defeat near Moscow. In this regard, the article provides numerous documentary evidence. The Battle of Rzhev is analyzed in detail and the role of Marshal Zhukov in it, who led all three strategic offensives on the Rzhev salient, which were completely defeated, and is directly responsible for the colossal losses incurred (about a million killed). Other military operations led by Zhukov are also indicated, which were also accompanied by huge losses. In this regard, the excessive exaltation of him as the "Marshal of Victory" is noted, the long-term feeding of the mythology around his name. The necessity of careful consideration of the experience of the Great Patriotic War in the current situation of military operations with our irreconcilable opponents is emphasized
ACTIVITIES OF LITERARY INSTITUTIONS OF THE BORDER TERRITORIES OF THE FAR EAST TO STRENGTHEN RUSSIAN-CHINESE LITERARY CONTACTS
Authors:   Blagoveshchensk State Pedagogical University, Blagoveshchensk, Russia,, Kireeva Natalia V.
Published: July 2022

The article examines the results of the activities of literary institutions to strengthen literary contacts between residents of the border territories of the Far East and Northeast of China in the twentieth century and the first decades of the XXI century. An overview of the most significant projects in this area is presented. The main publications of Russian and Chinese authors contributing to the development of cross-border cultural cooperation are briefly considered. It is concluded that such activities contribute to a deeper understanding of the mentality and culture of China and Russia and strengthen friendship and good neighborliness
ANALISIS KEBIJAKAN ANTIDUMPING DI INDONESIA (STUDI KASUS PRODUK BOPET)
Authors: Prasetya Anugrah Eka , Nurcahyo Marsanto Adi
Published: July 2022

Kebijakan antidumping terhadap suatu produk bertujuan untuk mengatasi praktik perdagangan tidak adil dan melindungi industri dalam negeri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh kebijakan antidumping berupa penerapan BMAD terhadap volume impor Biaxially Oriented Polyethylene Terephthalate (BOPET) di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis kuantitatif dengan pengujian regresi linear berganda model Error Correction Model (ECM). Berdasarkan hasil pengujian kuantitatif, dalam jangka panjang kebijakan BMAD secara parsial berpengaruh positif terhadap volume impor BOPET di Indonesia. Sedangkan dalam jangka pendek, kebijakan BMAD secara parsial tidak berpengaruh terhadap volume impor BOPET. Hal tersebut menunjukkan kebijakan BMAD tidak dapat memberikan efek pembatasan (restriction) terhadap volume impor BOPET dari negara target.
Superposition Principle-based Method for Power Loss Allocation in Power Systems
Authors: Long Duong Duy , Anh Nguyen Tuan , Van Pham Nang
Published: July 2022

The paper presents a novel method for power loss allocation of power systems to demands. This loss allocation technique is based on the contribution of individual demands to the branch power loss of power grids. Results of power flow analysis, precise power system modelling and superposition theorem are deployed in this proposed method. The advantage of the method described in the paper is that it is accurate and ensures fairness among network users. In addition, this allocation method is simple and can be effectively exploited to both meshed and radial electrical networks. A six-node meshed transmission system and an IEEE 33-bus radial distribution grid are utilized to implement power loss allocation based on the proposed method. The influence of demands’ power factor on the power loss allocated is also taken into account using the six-node meshed transmission network.
Optical Mode Cross-Connect Using Multimode Interference Mmi Based On Silicon Material
Authors: Linh Ho Duc Tam , Phuc Vo Duy , Viet Nguyen Quang , Hien Nguyen Duc , Hung Nguyen Tan
Published: July 2022

An optical mode cross-connect (OMXC) between fundamental modes using multimode interference coupler MMI with high performance has been proposed in this paper. These basic modes can be transmitted in turn or at the same time toany input and be able to select arbitrary outputs. The following inputs can only select the remaining outputs, so this process will not cause bottlenecks in the circuit. In order for the signals to be flexibly switched to the outputs without conflict, the phase shifters will be used to control their lightpaths. Through the BPM-3D beam propagation method, we have shown the flexible switching process between the input and output ports of the device with insertion loss always smaller than 1.8 dB in the range of wide wavelength from 1.53 µm to 1.565 µm. Specifically, attenuation only reaches -0.5 dB at the central wavelength of 1.55 µm. In addition, the crosstalk is always in a very small range from -44 dB to -24 dB for the entire band considered above. With these advantages, it is a promising device for optical mode processing circuits in the MDM system.
An Analysis of Uplink Success Probability in Multi-cell LoRa Networks Under Different Channel Models
Authors: Nguyen Tien Hoa , Do Van Dai
Published: July 2022

The development of the low power wide area network (LPWAN) for the internet of things (IoTs) is expected to grow widely, allowing remote monitoring of smart devices from a distance of up to several kilometers. This paper studies the performance and success probability of multi-cell LoRa networks. Using tools of stochastic geometry, the paper analyzes the important metric namely success probability in both Rayleigh and Rician channel models. The obtained analysis helps investigate and evaluate other quality criteria in the multi-cell LoRa network such as throughput, SNR and SIR requirements. Moreover, we provide numerical simulation results to corroborate the theoretical analysis and to verify how our analysis can characterize the given reliability target.
Emotional and informational social support from health visitors and breastfeeding outcomes in the UK
Authors: Chambers Annika , Myers Sarah , Emmott Emily H , Page Abigail Emma
Published: July 2022

Background: Social support in all forms is essential in maintaining breast/chest-feeding and helping to improve general infant feeding experience among parents. With breastfeeding durations notably short in the UK, the question of the effectiveness and quality of support for infant feeding comes to the fore. Current literature suggests that together inadequate informational support and poor/negative emotional support can lead to poor breastfeeding experiences and higher early cessation rates. Health visitors (community public health nurses) have been positioned as one of the primary providers of breast/chest-feeding support. This analysis tests the hypothesis that emotional support moderates the relationship between informational support and breastfeeding duration and infant feeding experience among UK mothers. Methods: Cox and binary logistic regression models are run on data from 565 UK mothers, collected as part of a 2017-2018 retrospective online UK survey on social support and infant feeding. Results: Informational support, compared to emotional support, was a less important predictor of both breastfeeding duration and experience. Supportive emotional support with unhelpful or absent informational support was associated with the lowest hazard of breastfeeding cessation before 3 months. Results for breastfeeding experience followed similar trends, where positive experience was associated with supportive emotional and unhelpful informational support. Negative experiences were less consistent; however, a higher probability of negative experience was found when both types of support were reported as unsupportive. Conclusions: Our study suggests the impact of informational support on breastfeeding provided by health visitors is influenced by emotional support. Improving resources and training to ensure health visitors are facilitated to provide enhanced emotional support, for example by lowering caseloads to allow for personalised care, may improve breastfeeding outcomes.
“Perceptual Decision-Making” and Neuroscience: A Brief Anatomy of a Pseudoscience
Authors: Maniatis Lydia Maria
Published: July 2022

A significant swathe of the activity labelled “neuroscience” today concerns “perceptual decision-making.” The term putatively refers to a real-world process whose features may be revealed via experiment. But the experiments in question artificially and severely constrain, a priori, the form and content of the “data,” ensuring that it is binary, categorical, and forms a rough sigmoid when correct “decisions” are plotted against stimuli treated as varying along a single, arbitrary dimension. These by-design sigmoidal datasets are then interpreted as imperfect reflections of corresponding binary, categorical, unidimensional processes in the brain. The job of the practitioner is to recover the “true” sigmoid hiding in the data - the true sigmoid being whichever of a number of standard sigmoids the practitioner chooses to fit, post hoc, with the help of free parameters. This procedure, self-insulated from real-world pushback, lacks methodological, functional and empirical validity, and its associated ad hoc assumptions cannot be reconciled with the most basic mental facts. Results have low to no replicability and reproducibility. The paradigm has been extended to individual neurons using p-hacking-type exploration of data.
Approaches for Quantifying the ICC in Multilevel Logistic Models: A Didactic Demonstration
Authors: Devine Sean , Uanhoro James Ohisei , Otto A. Ross , Flake Jessica Kay
Published: July 2022

Multilevel modeling techniques have gained traction among experimental psychologists for their ability to account for dependencies in nested data structures. Increasingly, these techniques are extended to the analysis of binary data (e.g., choices, accuracy). Despite their popularity, these logistic multilevel models are often underutilized when researchers focus solely on fixed effects and ignore important heterogeneity that exists within and between participants, the random effects. In this tutorial, we review four techniques for estimating and quantifying residual- and cluster-level variance in logistic multilevel models in an accessible manner using real data. First, we introduce logistic multilevel modeling, including the interpretation of fixed and random effects. Second, we review the challenges associated with the estimation and interpretation of within- and between-participant variation in logistic multilevel models, particularly computing the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), which is usually a first, simple step in a linear MLM. Third, we demonstrate four existing methods of quantifying within- and between-participant variation in logistic multilevel models and discuss their relative advantages and disadvantages. Fourth, we present bootstrapping methods to make statistical inference about these variance estimates. To facilitate reuse, we developed R code to implement the discussed techniques, which is provided throughout the text and as supplemental materials.
Exploration of Niskāma Karma in the Śrimad Bhāgavata-Gītā
Authors: Pokhrel Mohan Kumar
Published: July 2022

This exploratory study deals with the depiction of karma theory from Śrī Kṛṣṇa to Arjuna before the commencement of the Mahābhārata war. The philosophy of niskāma karma is a doctrine to consider being the ground stone of the entire Hindu philosophical outlook. The theory of karma is based on the niskām-karma. This research article addresses human beings to give up the attachment and the fruit regarding the karma. The objectives of this research are to highlight the importance of niskāma karma for human beings and to show how Śrī Kṛṣṇa motivates Arjuna to perform niskām-karma. The analysis is primarily based on Swāmī Vevekānanda's karma theory which confirms the realization of righteousness and God from niskāma karma. The researcher has used English translation of the Sanskrit text of Franklin Edgerton as the primary text. The findings of this investigation endow with evidences that the text has used niskāma karma to motivate human beings to do the same for self-satisfaction, righteousness, and justice in society following the footsteps of Śrī Kṛṣṇa. The conclusion of this article suggests that Śrī Kṛṣṇa is a far-sighted first motivational speaker of the earth to improve the activities of human beings and for the establishment of peace, justice, and righteousness on the earth.
Role of the National Human Rights Commission for the Protection of Human Rights in Nepal
Authors: Giri Saroj Kumar
Published: July 2022

The article aims to analyze the role of the National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) in the protection and promotion of human rights in Nepal. As a constitutional body, NHRC has the key role in the effective protection of the rights of the people which are safeguarded by the constitution and scattered laws. Article 249 of the Constitution of Nepal 2015 has clearly mentioned that it is the duty of the National Human Rights Commission to ensure the respect, protection, and promotion of human rights and its effective implementation. National Human Rights Commission Act, 2012 provides authority to NHRC to protect and promote human rights through inquiries and investigations based on the complaint lodged to the commission by the victim or any person on his/her behalf or upon information received from any source or on its own initiative. Despite the formulation of laws related to human rights, the implementation side is complicated. Use of children in the election, discrimination, labor exploitation of foreign migrant workers, and cases of domestic violence are increasing and the condition of earthquake survivors and the corona pandemic is more pathetic. Thus, the article argues that impunity still persists and the NHRC recommendations have not been implemented and it has not been able to work as per the constitutional mandate. The finding of the study is human rights situation of Nepal is still worrying. The analysis is significant as it helps to understand the human rights situation in Nepal and the functional role played by NHRC to protect human rights as the constitutional commission.
Factors Affecting the Household Income of Petty Traders during COVID-19 Pandemic in Dharan City
Authors: Khatiwada Sita Kumari
Published: July 2022

Petty trading is such a type of economic activity operating abundance of the low-earning population in new urbanizing developing countries like Nepal. The main aim of this study is to explore factors affecting the household income of petty traders during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Dhahran city. This investigation used descriptive analysis, and the Pearson correlation test to identify the relationship between dependent and independent variables. There were 48 petty traders conveniently selected for the convenient sampling to collect primary data by survey method. The data were analyzed through descriptive statistics by using SPSS. There is a significant relationship between daily household income and the marital status of petty traders. But there was no significant relationship between the daily household income and the size of the family, or the investment of capital of the petty traders. Similarly, the above results of this study suggest that this study is helpful to the planners and policymakers in Dharan city to formulate suitable policies and manage the micro-business sector including petty traders. And the government should create programs that preserve and establish the economic rights of petty traders and reduce the various complications and taxes which they usually impose on them. The study concluded that there is a significant difference between the household income of petty traders and the marital status of petty traders. Moreover, it established that there was no relationship between the household income and the family size, the investment of capital, and the income before COVID 19 of petty traders.
पाउलो फ्रेरेः एक शैक्षिक चिन्तक एवम् दार्शनिक
Authors: Kattel Bal Chandra
Published: July 2022

पाउलो फ्रेरे दक्षिण अमेरिकी राष्ट्र ब्राजिलमा १९ सेप्टेम्बर, १९२१ मा जन्मेका बिसौं शताब्दीका विश्वप्रसिद्ध एक शैक्षिक चिन्तक एवम् दार्शनिक हुन् । सन् १९२८–३२ को विश्वव्यापी आर्थिक मन्दी तथा चरम आर्थिक अभावमा हुर्किएका उनी सानै उमेरदेखि अन्याय, शोषण, दमन, उत्पीडन आदिको अनुभव र चपेटामा परेर यसका विरूद्धमा संघर्ष गर्न चेतना प्राप्त गर्ने व्यक्ति हुन् । खासगरी औपनिवेशिक परिस्थितिमा जनता शक्तिशाली देशबाट कसरी प्रताडित हुन्छन् भन्ने सम्बन्धी उनको चेत खुलेको थियो । गरिबी तथा भोकमारी विरूद्धमा आम जनतालाई चेतना प्रवाह गर्न उनको प्रयास निरन्तर रहिरह्यो । अन्याय, अत्याचार, शोषण, दमन र उत्पीडनबाट मुक्ति प्राप्त गर्नका लागि चेतनाको अन्तस्करण गराउन उनको शैक्षिक चिन्तन र प्रौढ शिक्षा चेतनामूलक अचुक हतियार बनाउन सफल भयो । तत्कालिन अवस्थामा अभ्यासमा आएको शिक्षा प्रणालीमा उनले खोट देखाए । उनले तत्कालिन शिक्षालाई वर्णात्मक रोगबाट ग्रसित भएको शिक्षा प्रणाली र बैकि· अवधारणामा आधारित शिक्षा पद्धतिको संज्ञा दिए । जहाँ घोकाउने तथा कण्ठ गराउने प्रवृत्तिको वर्चश्व हुन्छ । अन्धाधुन्धा सिकाइ गराइन्छ । सांस्कृतिक रूपमा चुपचाप रहने चरित्रको विकास गराउने परिपाटी हुन्छ भन्ने तर्क अगाडि ल्याए । यसको बदलामा उनले नयाँ क्रान्तिकारी सोच अगाडि सारे । यस सोचले व्यक्तिलाई चेतनाको अनतस्करण गराउन मद्दत पु¥यायो । शिक्षण पेडागोजीको दृष्टिकाणको विकास र प्रयोग पनि भयो । बहस, छलफल तथा अन्तरकृयाको माध्यमबाट हुने सिकाइ र शिक्षण नै महत्वपूर्ण हुन्छ भन्ने कुरा अगाडि आयो । शिक्षण सम्वाद विधिलाई जोड दिइयो । सम्वादले नै चेतनाको द्वार खुल्छ भन्ने दृष्टिकोण आयो । आलोचनात्मक चिन्तनको विकासमा योगदान दिइयो । कानून, शिक्षा र दर्शनमा उच्च अध्ययनपछि उनले विभिन्न सामाजिक, शैक्षिक तथा दार्शनिक क्षेत्रमा परिवर्तनको नेतृत्व समेत गरे । शिक्षालाई मुक्तिको माध्यम र साधन बनाइयो । उनी सफल लेखक समेत बने । उनको पेडागोजी अm द अप्रेस्ड नामक कृति विश्वप्रसिद्ध भयो । यसले शैक्षिक एवम् दार्शनिक जगतमा संसारभर प्रभाव छोड्न सफल भयो । तसर्थ यी र यस्तै विषयवस्तुलाई केन्द्रित गरी गुणात्मक ढाँचामा तयार पारिएको यस लेखले सरोकारवाला सबैमा आलोचनात्मक चिन्तनको विकास गराउने यस लेखको उद्देश्य रहेको छ । यस लेखन कार्यका लागि दस्तावेज अध्ययन विधिद्वारा सम्बन्धित साहित्यको समीक्षा एवम् इन्टरनेट समेतको प्रयोगद्वारा आवश्यक तथ्यांक संकलन गरिएको थियो । यसरी प्राप्त तथ्याङ्कलाई वर्णात्मक एवम् गुणात्मक ढाँचामा व्याख्या विश्लेषण तथा प्रस्तुतीकरण गरी निष्कर्ष निकालिएको छ ।
Editorial Vol.12(1)
Authors: Jha Ashok Kumar
Published: July 2022

No abstract available
Effects of the Connection between Ayres SI Intervention and Home-Based SI on Sensory Processing, Interaction and Task Performance in Children with Developmental Delays
Authors:   The Korean Society of Medicine & Therapy Science, Park Su-Yeon , Kang Bo-Ra
Published: July 2022

Objective: The research is to study the effects of children’s sensory processing, social interactions as well as occupational performance with applications of Ayres SI intervention and home-based SI on children with developmental delays. Method: Ayres SI intervention was administered for 50 minutes once a week for 10 weeks on 4 children aged 3-5 years with developmental delays. The home-based SI program was intervened based on the program provided by the therapist of the primary caregiver for at least 10 minutes per session three times a week for 10 weeks. The results were measured through the sensory profile(SP), evaluation of social interaction(ESI), and Canadian occupational performance measure(COPM). Results: The sensory profile evaluation showed changes from definite differences towards probable differences in the poor registration and inattention/distractibility categories among 9 factors. Also, the emotional reaction, fine motor/perception, sedentary tendency, and oral sensory sensitivity categories revealed shifting tendencies from probable differences to normal differences. In social interactions evaluation, 3 out of 4 children showed a meaningful change of 0.4 to 0.6 logits, COPM in performance, 2 out of 4 children showed significant improvement of 2.2 and 4.4 points before and after the intervention, respectively. In terms of satisfaction, one child showed an increase of more than 2 point from 4.8 points to 8.8 points after intervention. Conclusion: Ayres SI and home-based SI are proven to be affects for children with developmental delays on sensory processing, social interaction, and occupational performance.
Effect of Substrate Surface Change by Heating on Transition in Flattening Behavior of Thermal Sprayed Particles
Authors: Fukumoto M. , Ohgitani I. , Shiiba M. , Yasui T.
Published: July 2022

In the thermal spraying of powder materials, it has been observed in practice that the splat shape changes to a disk type from a splash type with increases in the substrate temperature. However, the details of the substrate surface change due to the heating has not been fully characterized. In this study, an AISI 304 stainless steel substrate surface heated to 673K was analyzed precisely by atomic force microscope (AFM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and Auger electron spectroscopy. The results obtained revealed that the change of the substrate surface occurred not in the chemical composition but mainly in the surface roughness, especially surface morphology in nano-meter scale. Hence, substrate heating may bring about the change in substrate surface and this change induces the transition phenomenon.
Characterization of Cold-Sprayed Nickel-Base Coatings
Authors: Raletz F. , Ezo’o G. , Vardelle M. , Ducos M.
Published: July 2022

The Cold Gas Dynamic Spray Method (CGDS) requires high-kinetic energy particles to obtain dense coatings. The aim of this study is to characterize some properties of CGDS coatings and compare them to the bulk materials. Pure nickel and nickel-base alloys (NiCrAlY, CoNiCrAlY, and Hastelloy C) are sprayed on 316L steel substrates. Coating thickness is about 700 µm. The particle velocity at impact is measured using an imaging technique based on a fast-shutter CCD camera and a high-power diode laser. The original powder characterization involves particle size, density, chemical composition and hardness, and coating analysis includes micro hardness, nano hardness (performed in the first 60 µm of the coating), Young’s modulus determination and porosity level. The hardness test results make it possible to determine effects of this specific property on the sprayability with this process.
Probing the Future of Failure Analysis
Authors: Vallett David P.
Published: July 2022

A review of the 2001 edition of the International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors indicates major obstacles ahead. Of the three basic failure analysis steps—inspection, deprocessing, and fault isolation—the latter is the most at risk, especially physical fault isolation.
Rapid Resistive Interconnection Localization
Authors: Cole Edward I. , Tangyunyong Paiboon , Hawkins Charles F. , Bruce Michael R. , Bruce Victoria J. , Ring Rosalinda M. , Chong Wan-Loong
Published: July 2022

Resistive interconnections, a type of soft failure, are extremely difficult to find using existing backside methods, and with flip-chip packages, alternative front side approaches are of little or no help. In an effort to address this challenge, a team of engineers developed a new method that uses the effects of resistive heating to directly locate defective vias, contacts, and conductors from either side of the die. In this article, they discuss the basic principles of their new method and demonstrate its use on two ICs in which a variety of resistive interconnection failures were found.
Education and Training for the Analyst
Authors: Henderson Christopher L.
Published: July 2022

Analysis of semiconductor components is an increasingly complex task. Today’s analyst is called on to find a needle in a haystack. Every year, the needles get smaller, the haystacks get bigger, and the customer wants them found faster. With this in mind, how should we train analysts to perform this daunting task? There are several major thrusts that our education/training efforts need to take if we are to successfully analyze modern semiconductor components. These thrusts include: process, technology, cross-training, and techniques. This article discusses the history of training activities in the failure/product analysis discipline and describes where this area is heading.
Failure Analysis Challenges
Authors: Wagner Larry
Published: July 2022

Semiconductor trends, as embodied in the International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors (ITRS), provide a guide for the challenges facing the failure analysis community. This process is a risk assessment of key features forecast for the impact of future technologies on failure analysis. The technical challenges fall primarily into two categories: failure site isolation and physical analysis. The failure site isolation challenges are largely driven by the device complexity and reduced accessibility of circuit nets. Additional challenges arise due to the increase in device operating speed and pin count. The challenges in physical analysis are driven primarily by smaller device feature sizes and by the host of new materials being introduced. In addition to the technical challenges, infrastructure changes are also likely to occur. The industry paths for addressing these challenges are discussed.
Square Pegs in Round Holes
Authors: Silvus Stan
Published: July 2022

Failures of interest in this article usually occur on single-sided, non-plated-through-hole circuit boards. Evidence of failure may be as subtle as crazing (a pattern of small surface cracks) of solder-joint surfaces or as catastrophic as burning of the circuit board. Over time, crazing coalesces into circumferential cracks in the solder joint, and these cracks deepen until catastrophic failure occurs.