bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Performance of a vascular anomaly center: a retrospective analysis of 461 cases over seven years
Authors: Strübing Felix , Laurich Annette , Weiss Christel , Schönberg Stefan , Kneser Ulrich , Sadick Maliha
Published: October 2022

Background

Vascular malformations are rare diseases that are best managed in multidisciplinary vascular anomaly centers (VAC). So far, there are few published data on the logistic structure, patient allotment, and internal workflow in an interdisciplinary VAC.

Purpose

To demonstrate the referral structure and patient allotment in a European VAC.

Material and Methods

A retrospective cohort study was conducted. All patients treated in the VAC since its establishment in April 2014 until June 2020 were identified. A total of 461 patients were included in this study.

Results

Most often, a venous malformation was diagnosed (49.9%), followed by arteriovenous malformations (8.7%) and syndromal vascular malformations (8.2%). Only 45.1% of referral diagnoses were correct. Of referrals, 35.1% were internal on-campus references, 28.0% were external references through physicians in private practice, and 19.7% came via external cooperating hospitals. Of the patients, 17.1% were self-admissions without a referral.

Conclusion

The most important referring clinics are internal medicine, pediatric, and vascular surgery. A substantial proportion of referrals came from private practices. Recruiting these cooperation partners should be considered a high priority when establishing a new VAC. The rate of misdiagnosis is high, and more education of fellow clinicians is urgently needed. Therefore, patients with vascular malformations should be referred to and treated in dedicated centers for vascular anomalies.
Anatomy of a storm: A review of shape analysis research that fuses form and function in weather forecasting and analysis
Authors: Zick Stephanie E.
Published: October 2022

Features in the natural and built environment can be viewed as objects, and an object’s shape provides valuable information about the physical processes that generate those features. Formally, shape is defined as an object’s characteristics independent of rotation, translation, and scale. Shape analysis involves quantification of an object’s form. Shape metrics, or indices, are mathematical quantities that characterize the object’s size and shape. Shape analysis has a rich history in geography and, more specifically, in meteorology and climatology research, with early examples in the identification of comma-shaped clouds in satellite imagery and “hook echoes” in radar reflectivity imagery. At its basis, shape analysis can be characterized as image analysis, which involves processing an image to extract meaningful information. Shape analysis usually involves image segmentation to isolate objects of interest and region analysis to calculate statistical data about these object(s). Current shape analysis research in meteorology and climatology can be split into two broad themes: (1) verification studies to compare model forecasts with observations and (2) process studies that provide information about the dynamical structure of a particular weather or climate phenomenon. In this report, I provide examples of emerging research that uses shape analysis to study tropical cyclones, mesoscale weather phenomena, and atmospheric rivers. Thus far, most of the process studies have been related to TC structure. Future research should also consider innovative approaches to image segmentation, new spatial verification methods for ensemble forecasting products, and more shaped-based process studies in mesoscale meteorology.
The Value of Core and Noncore Activity Fit for Corporate Social Responsibility: An Expectation-Based Study of Nonprofit Hospitals
Authors: Mathras Daniele , Grinstein Amir , Young Gary J. , Thai Ngoc H. , Young Spencer B.
Published: October 2022

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) fit is the congruence between an organization's CSR and core activities. Previously, researchers have typically studied CSR fit as a single dimension, often finding that high-fit CSR is more effective than low-fit CSR for for-profit firms. The current research distinguishes between two dimensions of CSR fit—CSR that fits with core or noncore organizational activities—to uncover how the magnitude of investment in each type of CSR affects customer satisfaction. The authors examine the valuable and understudied context of nonprofit organizations, specifically hospitals. Results of a six-year study of over 1,500 nonprofit hospitals suggest that noncore activity CSR positively predicts customer satisfaction, but core activity CSR does not. These findings are best explained using expectation-based theories (expectancy violation and disconfirmation): customers likely expect core activity CSR from hospitals (e.g., charity care for uninsured patients) but are delighted by noncore activity CSR (e.g., green-space renovations). In addition, noncore activity CSR becomes even more important for customer satisfaction for more affluent hospitals, whereas core activity CSR becomes increasingly important for hospitals when the community socioeconomic status is low. These nuanced results provide guidance for hospitals regarding specific CSR investment strategies that ultimately impact downstream financial reimbursements.
Comparison of Different Ultrasound Methods to Assess Changes in Muscle Mass in Critically ill Patients
Authors: Fuest Kristina E. , Lanz Hugo , Schulz Jana , Ulm Bernhard , Bennett Victoria A. , Grunow Julius J. , Weiss Björn , Blobner Manfred , Schaller Stefan J.
Published: October 2022

Background

Muscle ultrasound represents a promising approach to aid diagnoses of neuromuscular diseases in critically ill patients. Unfortunately, standardization of ultrasound measurements in clinical research is lacking, making direct comparisons between studies difficult. Protocols are required to assess qualitative muscle changes during an ICU stay in patients at high risk for the development of neuromuscular acquired weakness (ICUAW).

Methods

We conducted a retrospective, observational analysis comprised of three prospective observational studies with the aim of diagnosing muscle changes by ultrasound measurement of the quadriceps muscle. Different protocols were used in each of the three studies. In total, 62 surgical, neurocritical care and trauma intensive care patients were serially assessed by different ultrasound protocols during the first week of critical illness. The relative change in ultrasound measurements was calculated for all possible locations, methods and sides. Comparison was obtained using mixed effect models with the location, the height and the side as influencing variables and patients as fixed effect. The relationship between variables and outcomes was assessed by multivariable regression analysis.

Results

Ultrasound methods and measurement sites of the quadriceps muscles from all protocols were equally effective in detecting muscle changes. During the first week of an ICU stay, two groups were identified: patients with decreased muscle mass on ultrasound (n = 42) and a cohort with enlargement (n = 23). Hospital mortality was significantly increased in the cohort with muscle swelling (8 (19%) versus 12 (52%), p = .013).

Conclusions

Different approaches of ultrasound measurement during critical-illness are equally able to detect muscle changes. While some patients have a decrease in muscle mass, others show swelling, which may result in a reduced probability of surviving the hospital stay. Causative reasons for these results still remain unclear.
Education and Intimate Partner Violence Among Married Women in Nigeria: A Multilevel Analysis of Individual and Community-Level Factors
Authors: Oluwagbemiga Adeyemi , Johnson Ayodele , Olaniyi Makinde
Published: October 2022

Research has documented an inverse relationship between lifetime intimate partner violence (IPV) and a woman’s educational accomplishment. Moreover, women without formal education were more likely to report lifetime IPV in comparison with women who completed more than 12 years of education. Therefore, this study examines the individual and community-level factors that determine the degree of IPV vis-à-vis women’s education. Data set of currently married women were extracted from 2018 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey. The study employed three levels of statistical analysis. The result of the analysis reveals that the nature of IPV differs due to women’s educational status. Women with the highest level of education experienced the least of all the three IPV indicators identified in this study. A significant relationship exists with women’s education and ever experienced physical violence (primary odds ratio [ OR] = 1.29; secondary OR = 1.44, higher OR = 0.71). The ORs of ever experienced sexual violence decrease as women’s education increases (secondary OR = 1.10, higher OR = 0.63). The higher significant effect of husband/partner who drinks alcohol on all the three indicators of IPV was affirmed ( p < .01). Except for community labor participation, all other community variables were significant with emotional violence and sexual violence ( p < .05). The study established that both individual and community factors influence the incidence of IPV in the study area. The study concludes that women empowerment alone cannot reduce the incidence of IPV as revealed in the study; community sensitization about the consequences of IPV on the health of women and the well-being of the family should be intensified.
Faculty–Student Consensual Sexual Relationship Policies: Examining Prevalence and Content using a Nationally Representative Sample of Institutions of Higher Education in the United States
Authors: Nystrom Alyssa , Richards Tara N.
Published: October 2022

The current study uses a nationally representative sample of institutions of higher education (IHEs) in the United States ( n = 448) to estimate the prevalence rate of consensual sexual relationship policies (CSRPs) and to examine variation in CSRPs across sectors of IHEs. The concepts of consent and power differentials in CSRPs are also explored. Findings show that the majority of IHEs do not have a CSRP, that there are no significant differences in the prevalence rate or type of CSRPs across IHE sectors, and the most common type of CSRP is a limited ban. The concepts of consent and power differentials underpin the majority of CSRPs.
Breadwinning, Occupational Sex Composition, and Stress: Examining Psychological Distress and Heavy Drinking at the Intersection of Gender and Race
Authors: Fan Wen
Published: October 2022

Research on couples’ earnings arrangements has focused on men’s and women’s (non)conformance to the male-breadwinner/female-homemaker model. By doing so, research has ignored the following: Breadwinning can be a source of stress for men; the male-breadwinner/female-homemaker model does not apply to all racial groups; and the proportion of women in an occupation may moderate the stress process associated with divergent earnings arrangements. To address factors overlooked, I applied mixed-effects models to the 1999–2017 Panel Study of Income Dynamics data to examine the internalizing (psychological distress) and externalizing (heavy drinking) responses to stress among married, non-Hispanic white and Black men and women. Greater relative earnings reduce Black women’s psychological distress and heavy drinking, but increase Black men’s heavy drinking. Among white men, greater relative earnings reduce psychological distress and demonstrate a curvilinear relationship with heavy drinking, whereas no significant pattern emerges for white women. Occupational sex composition moderates these relationships. Among Black women, greater relative earnings lower psychological distress the most for those in women-concentrated occupations, and moving from economic dependency to equal breadwinning decreases heavy drinking the most for white men in men-concentrated occupations. Findings showcase the value of an intersectional approach to capture the diverse meanings associated with earnings arrangements.
Impact of austerity programs: Evidence from the Italian national health service
Authors: Chisari Giorgio , Lega Federico
Published: October 2022

Austerity measures are widely adopted to cope with financial straits. Since 2007 Italy has operated a financial recovery program ( Piani di Rientro, PdR) in certain regions of the country. This provides an interesting setting for an intra-national analysis of the differences between the regions under a PdR program and those which are not. In the regions under a PdR, efforts to achieve economic sustainability and fiscal balance have impacted on healthcare indicators, resulting in a reduction in healthcare resources, an increase in taxes, and a general weakening of regional healthcare systems since the introduction of the program more than a decade ago. The detrimental effects of the austerity measures have become evident. As the regions under a PdR have demonstrated a sufficient level of economic stability, the national government should start revising its austerity strategy to prevent further widening of gaps in healthcare performance between regions.
Drag decomposition of a subsonic wing via a far-field, exergy-based method
Authors: Logothetis Dimitrios K , Zachos Pavlos K , Rogero Jean-Michel
Published: October 2022

This paper focuses on the aerodynamic analysis and drag decomposition of an unpowered, low aspect ratio wing, using a far-field, exergy-based method. As opposed to traditional drag accounting methods, exergy balance provides insights into the amount of energy that can be potentially recovered off the body’s wake, which further translates into potential efficiency gains of the integrated engine-wing system. In this study, a far-field exergy balance method was used to determine the total drag of a three-dimensional wing. The far-field drag prediction was verified against near-field calculations. In addition, drag decomposition using exergetic terms was conducted to identify drag components that contain possibly recoverable energy. Such analysis can be subsequently used to educate the integration of a propulsion system to exploit the potentially recoverable wake energy and deliver an integrated engine-wing system with enhanced installed efficiency. The present methodology is a major step ahead in the application of far-field methods on three-dimensional wake domains and can potentially become a major enabler for optimal propulsion integration for future, novel aircraft-engine configurations.
A social ontology of grief
Authors: Sköld Alfred
Published: October 2022

This article outlines a social ontology of grief. With the point of departure in a relational understanding of subjectivity and an intergenerational notion of death awareness, the author develops a nonessentialist and nonpathological understanding of the experience of losing part of oneself following the death of another. Losing part of oneself refers, on the one hand, to a shattered subject trying to understand and come to terms with the death of another and a shared lifeworld that is irremediably altered. On the other hand, the partiality of this loss implies that the surviving person is forced to struggle with the quandaries of living on. Thus, a social ontology of grief captures the irreducible and painful aspects related to the loss of significant others, as well as the ethical predicaments related to continued existence, which are not exempt from possibilities and hope.
Learning, digital technologies, and sociomaterial approaches: A critical reflection from the perspective of materialist dialectics
Authors: Psaros Haris
Published: October 2022

In this article, I attempt to critically reflect on sociomaterial approaches to learning, especially as it is conducted with digital technologies. By pursuing detailed ethnographic case studies, these approaches argue for the active character of digital technologies in the constitution of learning. More specifically, digital technologies are treated in this paradigm as co-participants—along with humans—in the formation of learning practices. Despite their invaluable empirical insights, I suggest that these approaches do not adequately emphasize the transformative potential of learners and do not conceptualize learning from the perspective of human development. In addition, I propose that, apart from empirically based research, which is the preferred mode of research of sociomaterial approaches, there is also a need for categorical thinking to conceptualize the mediation of learning by digital technologies. In my critical reflection, I draw on scholars working in the traditions of cultural-historical theory and activity theory, and on materialist dialectics more generally
Syrians’ experiences of waiting and temporality in Turkey: Gendered reconceptualisations of time, space and refugee identity
Authors: Terzioglu Ayşecan
Published: October 2022

In recent years, the number of refugees has increased considerably throughout the world, and the difficulties they experience have become more visible in political and social science research. Refugees wait for uncertain amounts of time to cross borders, to obtain legal status and papers, and to establish their lives in a new country, where they try to find suitable housing and jobs, and to benefit from health care and educational services. This article explores how Syrian refugees in Turkey reconceptualise time and place when they narrate these periods of waiting as a way of managing its disadvantageous aspects. It argues that they acquire agency through creating narratives of waiting in their own terms, which also help them to redefine their refugee identities, subjectivities and senses of belonging. It suggests that Syrians in Turkey attribute new gendered and embodied meanings to temporality and spatiality in order to cope with their past traumas and the disempowering effects of waiting. Through their narratives, they aim to gain a sense of control over time in cognitive and emotional terms, maintaining their hope to establish new lives despite structural inadequacies and discrimination.
The Experience of Patient and Implementation of the Landmark Scheme Ayushman Bharat (AB-PMJAY) of Government of India in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Gowda Naveen R , Hakim Abdul , Singh Gurpreet , Gupta Anant , Sharma D.K.
Published: October 2022

Ayushman Bharat is a flagship programme of Government of India and has been much publicised; however, the extent of its translation to the ground level has not been documented. A study was conducted to assess the implementation and satisfaction of the AB-PMJAY scheme in the inpatient department of AIIMS, New Delhi. Data were collected from January 2019 to June 2019. The sample size was a universal sample, and therefore, all the beneficiaries who availed the services at AIIMS, New Delhi were enrolled. A total of 120 patients were enrolled in the study. The mean age of the participant was 36.37 years, about 45.83% of the participants were illiterate and 69.17% resided in the rural area. A total of 88% of patients did not face any problem in availing the scheme, while 18% of the patients were asked to purchase medications from outside. Patients were highly satisfied with the ease and benefits of availing the scheme. The government should examine the reasons why some medications are being purchased from outside, and a contingency fund may be given to the hospital to prevent people from purchasing the medications from outside.
The Specialty Chaplain on the Palliative Care Team: A Narrative Review
Authors: McCann Klug Leah
Published: October 2022

Background

Spiritual care is a vital component of palliative care. Provision of specialty spiritual care is required by the guiding principles of palliative care as expressed in the National Consensus Project guidelines.

Objective

This review examines the role and duties of the specialty palliative care chaplain in contributing to the overall work of the interdisciplinary palliative care team.

Methods

The PUBMED, EMBASE, and CINAHL electronic databases were searched using identified key words including studies published between January 2008 and September 2022. Review articles met pre-established selection and exclusion criteria. A thematic approach was used to synthesize and discuss the findings in the form of a narrative review.

Results

Two main categories of articles were identified: (1) articles explicitly illustrating the tasks or duties of the palliative care chaplain and (2) case study articles including the input of the palliative care chaplain. These duties were comprehensive in nature and support the contributions of the specialty chaplain to the interdisciplinary plan of care.

Conclusion

The role of the palliative care chaplain has evolved over time as has chaplain training. Current research calls for standardizing inclusion of the palliative care chaplain on the interdisciplinary team to improve care and expand team function. Future research could examine contributions of chaplains to plan of care, the role of the chaplain in supporting the interdisciplinary team, and how the chaplain contributes to ongoing team growth.
Impacting Student Achievement: Principals’ Instructional Leadership Practice in Two Title I Rural Schools
Authors: Cox Judy S. , Mullen Carol A.
Published: October 2022

The purpose of this paper is to examine principals’ instructional actions in rural, high-poverty schools and the perceived impact on student achievement. For this qualitative case study, research questions were: What principals’ instructional leadership practices are being demonstrated in rural, high-poverty schools based on the literature and findings? How do these practices impact academic achievement in rural Title 1 schools, as reported by principals, assistant principals (AP), instructional coaches, and teachers? To examine principalship impact on schoolwide student achievement in rural, low-income contexts, an elementary (grades K–5) and middle (grades 6–8) Title I school were enlisted. Following a demographic survey, perspectives on principalship influence were shared via Zoom by 13 participants from the schools: 2 principals, 1 AP, and 2 instructional coaches were interviewed one-on-one, and 8 teachers in focus groups. Principalship practices were analyzed based on perceived influence on student learning outcomes. Seven findings revealed impactful principal practices that align with extant research. The evidence-based strategies that promote instructional leadership and the desired effect on achievement in low-income, rural schools can improve learning outcomes and build capacity for success schoolwide. Stakeholder data indicated direct impact of the principals’ practices on student achievement, which furthers the capacity of principals to make more of a difference on learning. This investigation contributes to knowledge, empowers principals within rural areas to lead in poverty conditions, and concerns the work of schools and principal preparation programs. Vulnerable students gaining from the very best principals and their teams have to offer is a takeaway.
The Impact of State Fiscal Policy on States’ Resilience Exiting the Great Recession
Authors: Prescott Peter , Paulson Gjerde Kathy
Published: October 2022

This study employs a state-level model of recovery and a comprehensive set of tax- and expenditure-related variables to explore the effect that the states’ fiscal policy decisions had on their recoveries after the Great Recession in the United States. In addition, we combine those findings with our resistance results from two earlier studies to identify the structural and fiscal-policy factors that consistently strengthened or weakened the states’ economic resilience entering, during, and exiting that recession. Although our analysis indicates that resistance and recovery are distinctly different economic resilience phenomena, states that avoided sales and corporate income taxes, and that committed a greater share of their resources to public welfare expenditures, fared better than others throughout. This knowledge may aid state governments’ fiscal policy decision making as they prepare for future recessionary shocks.
Operative management of metastatic disease of the acetabulum: review of the literature and prevailing concepts
Authors: Christ Alexander B , Bartelstein Meredith K , Kenan Shachar , Ogura Koichi , Fujiwara Tomohiro , Healey John H , Fabbri Nicola
Published: October 2022

Metastatic disease of the periacetabular region is a common problem in orthopaedic oncology, associated with severe pain, decreased mobility, and substantial decline of the quality of life. Conservative management includes optimisation of pain management, activity modification, and radiation therapy. However, patients with destructive lesions affecting the weight-bearing portion of the acetabulum often require reconstructive surgery to decrease pain and restore mobility. The goal of surgery is to provide an immediately stable and durable construct, allowing immediate postoperative weight-bearing and maintaining functional independence for the remaining lifetime of the patient. A variety of surgical techniques have been reported, most of which are based upon cemented total hip arthroplasty, but also include porous tantalum implants and percutaneous cementoplasty. This review discusses the various reconstructive concepts and options, including their respective indications and outcome. A reconstructive algorithm incorporating different techniques and strategies based upon location and quality of remaining bone is also presented.
The hand grip training device: A new therapeutic option in arteriovenous fistula maturation
Authors: Tapia González Irati , Esteve Simó Vicent , Ibañez Pallarés Sara , Moreno Guzman Fátima , Oleas Vega Diana , Fulquet Nicolás Miquel , Duarte Gallego Verónica , Saurina Solé Anna , Pou Potau Mónica , Yeste Campos Montse , Ramírez de Arellano Serna Manel
Published: October 2022

Introduction:

Postoperative exercise improves arteriovenous fistula maturation for hemodialysis. However, scarce evidence exists about hand grip device on fistula maturation process.

Objective:

To evaluate the efficacy of a hand grip training program on arteriovenous fistula maturation in population with Chronic Kidney Disease 5-5D.

Methodology:

Prospective study (15 months). Patients were randomized to handgrip (HG) or control group (CG) postoperatively. HG performed a training program using a hand grip device. CG received conventional care. Upper limb muscle strength (ULMS), Duplex ultrasonography, and clinical arteriovenous fistula maturation were assessed at 4 and 8 weeks postoperatively.

Results:

At 8 weeks after fistula creation, upper limb muscle strength was increased only in the handgrip group (from 18 ± 6 to 23 ± 9 kg, p = 0.023). Clinical maturation was significantly greater in handgrip group versus control group, both at 4 weeks after intervention (62% vs 23%, p = 0.004) and at 8 weeks (65% vs 27%, p = 0.004). Similarly, the Doppler ultrasonography maturation rates were significantly greater in the HG, both at 4 weeks (HG: 84% vs CG: 47%; p = 0.004) and at 8 weeks (HG: 89% vs CG: 50%; p = 0.002).

Conclusions:

The hand grip is a useful and safety training device to improve the arteriovenous fistula maturation. This device results a new therapeutic option for maturation in arteriovenous fistula, particularly in distal arteriovenous fistula. Further studies are required to support these results.
Committee assignment patterns in fragmented multiparty settings: Party personnel practices and coalition management
Authors: Itzkovitch-Malka Reut , Shugart Matthew S
Published: October 2022

This paper addresses the way parties assign members to parliamentary committees in fragmented multiparty settings. Thus, it analyzes how the two most central institutions of parliamentary politics––political parties and parliamentary committees––interact with one another. To the best of our knowledge, no research into this subject has systematically explored the intersection of considerations based on individual legislator characteristics and coalition management in committee assignment. Using Israel as our case study, we show that legislators' expertise modestly shapes committee assignment patterns. However, parties in coalition often have another set of considerations to take into account when assigning members to committees. We show that parties in coalition do not only bargain on ministerial positions or committee chairs––they also bargain on their members’ assignment to committees and use this resource to allow (or hinder) each other to augment influence and control in a given policy area, or to perform affective monitoring.
Unperverting the perverse: Sacrificing transgression for normalised acceptance in the BDSM subculture
Authors: Turley Emma L
Published: October 2022

Despite increased media exposure, bondage, discipline, dominance and submission, and sadism and masochism (BDSM) is a stigmatised subculture and this stigmatisation can have serious social and legal implications for practitioners even when the participation is consensual. Psycho-medical narratives have constructed practitioners of BDSM as perverse and pathological, and in opposition to heteronormative sexual expression. To reduce stigma, it appears that a process of normalisation is occurring with the aim of increasing broader acceptance and therefore reducing the transgressive nature of BDSM. This, however, is not unproblematic and may privilege certain types of BDSM while further marginalising others. Nine practitioners of consensual BDSM participated in in-depth, face to face interviews in the UK. Interviews were conducted within an interpretive phenomenological framework that focused on the lived experience of participating in consensual BDSM. The findings presented in this article relate specifically to lived experiences of transgression as a key element of BDSM and will be discussed with reference to the ways transgression can challenge narratives of acceptance via normalisation.
Framing migration in the Greek press; An analysis of the ‘Evros events’ in left, liberal, and far-right newspapers
Authors: Kostopoulos Christos , Mylonas Yiannis
Published: October 2022

In this article we focus on one important event related to the Greek dimensions of the so called refugee crisis in Europe. This event took place during late February and March 2020 and is known as the Evros events that occurred when Turkey decided to open its European borders to the refugees. Greece responded by closing its land borders with Turkey, and by halting the asylum application process. The area surrounding the Evros River in Greece became heavily policed by the Greek police and the EU’s Frontex border police, further aided by various citizen militias consisting of Greek and other EU nationals. This research analyzes the newsmedia coverage of the specific incident through a qualitative frame analysis on news articles written by five Greek newspapers that have different political affiliations. The analysis then answers a two-fold research question: how did the Greek press frame the Evros events, and how did these frames contribute to the public debate around migration in the country.
Sparking the academic curriculum with creativity: Students’ discourse on what matters in research dissemination practice
Authors: Dierckx Chloé , Zaman Bieke , Hannes Karin
Published: October 2022

Despite the growing interest of academia in public outreach, little is known about what university students, among who are future researchers, take away from their academic education in terms of research dissemination opportunities. In this study, we analyzed social science students’ discourses on creative dissemination practices in relation to standardized dissemination practices. Our findings reveal that student’s conceptions of creative research dissemination (CRD) are diverse and influenced by varying perceptions of knowledge, the public, and creativity. Discourses on CRD are also strongly linked with values such as innovation and impact on society, but the concrete meaning of these values often remains undefined. We propose rethinking the academic context at the educational level so it offers a platform for multimodal formats of research dissemination. This would require encouraging students to take a stance toward how they envision a progressive academic future.
Preparation and property of soluble hemostatic material with 3D knitted structure
Authors: Zhang Shiyao , Shi Tingting , Wu Guangjun , Zhang Qi , Ma Pibo
Published: October 2022

To solve the problems of low mechanical properties and poor coagulation effect of soluble hemostatic dressings, a new type of soluble hemostatic fabric with three-dimensional knitted structure is proposed in this paper. Three-dimensional knitted fabrics had good extension and porous structure. This three-dimensional soluble knitted fabric can be used for skin wounds clotting and healing. This paper mainly studied the influence of structural thickness on the performance of three-dimensional knitted dressings. Characterization analysis showed that three-dimensional knitted soluble hemostatic dressings had appropriate porosity and water vapor transmission rate (WVTR), and the fabric with the maximum thickness had good elongation (70.04%) and a very low blood clotting index (BCI) (11.18%). This suggests the potential application for soluble three-dimensional knitted structure fabric on skin wound hemostasis.
Protecting Against Adversity: The Role of Positive Childhood Experiences in Youth Recidivism
Authors: Kowalski Melissa A. , Hamilton Zachary , Kigerl Alex , Baglivio Michael T. , Wolff Kevin T.
Published: October 2022

An abundance of research has established Adverse Childhood Experiences’ (ACEs’) contributions to deviant behavior. Recently, studies have demonstrated the importance of Positive Childhood Experiences (PCEs). Yet, the PCE establishment as a predictive scale is needed. In a multistate, robust sample (N = 254,874) of justice-involved youth, we examined PCE scale effects and ACE-PCE combinations on recidivism using mixed effects logistic regression while adjusting for the impact of state. Presence of PCEs was associated with lower reoffending likelihood, and ACEs were related to increased recidivism odds. Further, PCEs demonstrated a protective impact on ACEs. A ceiling effect on the ACE-PCE composite score was also identified, where an increase in scale items presented a curvilinear recidivism association. Findings provide an examination of PCE influence across multiple youth populations and their ability to counteract ACE effects. Policy implications discuss the utility of PCEs as case management goals and intermediate outcomes.
Monitoring the Awake and Anesthetized Unconscious States Using Bispectral Index and Electroencephalographic Connectivity Measures
Authors: Nævra Marianne Cecilie Johansen , Romundstad Luis , Aasheim Anders , Larsson Pål Gunnar
Published: October 2022

Objective. Our objective was to compare three electroencephalography (EEG)-based methods with anesthesiologist clinical judgment of the awake and anesthetized unconscious states. Methods. EEG recorded from 25 channels and from four channel bilateral Bispectral index (BIS) electrodes were collected from 20 patients undergoing surgery with general anesthesia. To measure connectivity we applied Directed Transfer Function (DTF) in eight channels of the EEG, and extracted data from BIS over the same time segments. Shannon's entropy was applied to assess the complexity of the EEG signal. Discriminant analysis was used to evaluate the data in relation to clinical judgment. Results. Assessing anesthetic state relative clinical judgment, the bilateral BIS gave the highest accuracy (ACC) (95.4%) and lowest false positive discovery rate (FDR) (0.5%) . Equivalent DTF gave 94.5% for ACC and 2.6% for FDR. Combining all methods gave ACC = 94.9% and FDR = 1%. Generally, entropy scored lower on ACC and higher on FDR than the other methods (ACC 90.87% and FDR 4.6%). BIS showed at least a one minute delay in 18 of the 20 patients. Conclusions. Our results show that BIS and DTF both have a high ACC and low FDR. Because of time delays in BIS values, we recommend combining the two methods.
CXCR1 participates in bone cancer pain induced by Walker 256 breast cancer cells in female rats
Authors: Xu Chengfei , Zhao Baoxia , Xu Longsheng , Wang Yahui , Liu Beibei , Xu Miao , He Qiuli , Ni Chaobo , Fu Jie , Kong Min , Lin Xuewu , Ni Huadong , Yao Ming
Published: October 2022

Bone cancer pain (BCP) is a clinically intractable mixed pain, involving inflammation and neuropathic pain, and its mechanisms remain unclear. CXC chemokine receptor 1 (CXCR1, IL-8RA) and 2 (CXCR2, IL-8RB) are high-affinity receptors for interleukin 8 (IL8). According to previous studies, CXCR2 plays a crucial role in BCP between astrocytes and neurons, while the role of CXCR1 remains unclear. The objective of this study was to investigate the role of CXCR1 in BCP. We found that CXCR1 expression increased in the spinal dorsal horn. Intrathecal injection of CXCR1 siRNA effectively attenuated mechanical allodynia and pain-related behaviors in rats. It was found that CXCR1 was predominantly co-localized with neurons. Intrathecal injection of CXCR1-siRNA reduced phosphorylated JAK2/STAT3 protein levels and the NLRP3 inflammasome (NLRP3, caspase1, and IL-1β) levels. Furthermore, in vitro cytological experiments confirmed this conclusion. The study results suggest that the spinal chemokine receptor CXCR1 activation mediates BCP through JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway and NLRP3 inflammasome (NLRP3, caspase1, and IL-1β).
Challenge–skills balance in international junior elite tennis players
Authors: Guinoubi Sarah , Mouelhi-Guizani Salma , Chtara Mokhtar , Crespo Miguel
Published: October 2022

This study uses self-determination and flow theories as a theoretical framework to investigate the role of need for competence satisfaction (NCS) and autonomous motivation (AM) in balance between challenge and skills (BCS) and dispositional flow (DF) in international junior elite tennis players. A sample of 114 (62 girls and 52 boys) junior elite players (15.62 ± 1.36 years) representing 24 countries competing in International Tennis Federation junior tournaments completed measures on the NCS using the Basic Needs Satisfaction in Sport Scale, AM with the Sport Motivation Scale and DF State scale to measure the BCS and their DF. Values of Cronbach α >.80 and the rhô Jöreskog coefficients were shown to be satisfactory and >0.89. The independent sample t-test analysis revealed no significant gender differences in any of them ( p > .05). Simple regression analysis showed that there was a significant positive linear correlation between BCS and DF (r = .46; F = 29.31, p < .001). Multiple regression analysis indicated that AM and NCS explained 50.8% of the variance of BCS (F = 57.30, p < .001). Canonical correlation analysis indicated that a lack of NCS and AM was associated with a lack of DF and BCS. Wilks’ lambda = .38, F = 34.11, p < .001, accounted for 99% (rc = .79) of the overlapping variance. It can be concluded that NCS and AM contribute effectively to the BCS and then to DF in the sample studied.
Comparisons and correlations between the anthropometric profile and physical performance of professional female and male soccer players: Individualities that should be considered in training
Authors: Schons Pedro , Birk Preissler Artur Avelino , Oliveira Rafael , Brito João Paulo , Clemente Filipe Manuel , Droescher de Vargas Guilherme , Moraes Klein Lucas , Kruel Luiz Fernando Martins
Published: October 2022

For male soccer players, the anthropometric profile and physical performance is already known but in women it is not well documented, the knowledge of these differences can qualify the training. Therefore, the aim of this study was two-fold: (i) to compare the anthropometric profile and physical fitness of Brazilian professional female and male soccer players; and (ii) analyze the relationships between anthropometric and physical fitness measures per sex. A cross-sectional study including 92 professional soccer players 44 women and 48 men was conducted. After one week of the end of the pre-season, the players from four different teams were assessed to anthropometric profile assessments and physical performance tests (e.g., jumping, linear sprint, change-of-direction and aerobic based test). Comparisons, correlation, and effect size analysis were performed between groups. Apart from the age and change-of-direction test, all other anthropometric and physical performance variables were significant different between women and men. Men were significantly faster than women in the 20 m linear sprint test (8.87%; p < .001; d = 2.382). The sum of skinfolds was correlated with some physical performance variables; however, body mass and body height were corrected with physical performance only for female soccer players. Thus, men performed better than women for most physical tests and presents differences in the anthropometric profile. Finally, coaches should consider that the anthropometric and performance profile are correlated differently between female and male soccer players. Thus, coaches should consider gender-specific parameters to create goals about the anthropometric and physical performance profile of players.
Massive Dilatation of the Ascending Aorta in a Patient With Generalized Arterial Calcification of Infancy
Authors: Brunet-Garcia Laia , Prada Martínez Fredy Hermógenes , Sanchez-de-Toledo Joan , Carretero Bellón Juan Manuel
Published: October 2022

We report a case of massive ascending aortic dilatation in a patient with generalized arterial calcification of infancy (GACI). He was found to carry compound heterozygous mutations in ABCC6 gene, previously associated with pseudoxanthoma elasticum, although recently linked to GACI. Our case confirms previous reports of a genotypic overlap between both entities.
Association of Smoking With Graft Rupture After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Chan Yat-Chi , Yau W. P.
Published: October 2022

Background:

The effect of smoking on graft rupture after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction is not well understood.

Hypothesis:

It was hypothesized that there will be no relationship between tobacco use and graft rupture after ACL reconstruction, as reflected by postoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and arthroscopic examination.

Study Design:

Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3.

Methods:

Included were 233 patients who received primary ACL reconstruction with hamstring tendon autograft between January 1, 2013, and December 31, 2019, and who underwent MRI evaluation at 20.2 ± 1.9 months postoperatively. The patients were categorized by smoking history into 2 groups: 39 smokers and 194 nonsmokers. The 2 groups did not differ significantly in age, sex, operative technique, preinjury Tegner score, or mean time until postoperative MRI. The primary outcome was graft rupture rate, with rupture confirmed by either arthroscopic assessment or postoperative MRI diagnosis. The secondary outcome measure was degree of graft ligamentization, evaluated by measuring the signal-to-noise quotient (SNQ) of the graft.

Results:

The overall ACL graft rupture rate was 6.0%. The rupture rate was significantly higher in smokers than in nonsmokers (12.8% vs 4.6%, respectively; P = .0498). Smokers also had a significantly higher whole-graft SNQ compared with nonsmokers (4.7 ± 4.4 vs 3.3 ± 3.7, respectively; P = .028), suggesting less satisfactory ligamentization in smokers.

Conclusion:

Smoking was associated with a higher risk of graft rupture of ACL reconstruction and a higher SNQ of the intact graft as shown on postoperative MRI.
Book review: Saiyid Zaheer Husain Jafri, Agrarian Society in Awadh: Structure and Change under the Pre-Colonial Regimes, c. 1595–1856
Authors: Habib Irfan
Published: October 2022

Saiyid Zaheer Husain Jafri, Agrarian Society in Awadh: Structure and Change under the Pre-Colonial Regimes, c. 1595–1856 (New Delhi: Gyan Publishing House), 2022, 262 pp., ₹950 (hb).
The Bazaar as a Public Domain of Cultural Contests at Colonial Cuttack, 1870–1940
Authors: Mohanty Pramod Kumar
Published: October 2022

By choosing the bazaar at colonial Cuttack for a narrative of ‘recreation, social interaction, transport and economic activity’, the present article draws on Dipesh Chakrabarty and Anand Yang’s bazaar studies in South Asia. For Chakrabarty, the bazaar was an arena of evolving contest between modernity and tradition, while Anand Yang sees it as a place where people increasingly acquire notions of identity and community. The present study, concentrating on a provincial town, seeks to combine both perspectives and to provide a wider perception of bazaar as a site of compressed display of an area’s way of life, being a place of exchange and negotiation and of circulation and redistribution—in short, of extra-community or supra-community connections and institutions. In such a situation, the image of bazaar/market, as it emerges, goes much beyond the one conceived by Christopher Bayly for the bazaars in the cities of early colonial North India as an inert place where everything seemed to be peaceful with little conflicts, a respectable and orderly autonomous place than a place of contest and competition.
Influence of home environment on children's foundational literacy and numeracy skills: A systematic synthesis with India in focus
Authors: Kumar Mukesh , Behera Biswajit
Published: October 2022

India has the mission to ensure that every child attains foundational literacy and numeracy (FLN) skills by the end of grade three. The National Initiatives for Proficiency in Reading with Understanding and Numeracy (NIPUN Bharat) is entrusted to monitor this target. However, the specific factors of the home environment, which vary among Indian children, can explain the low performance in literacy and numeracy. Therefore, this systematic review aimed to comprehensively identify the home environment factors that affect literacy and numeracy learning. Studies published between 2013 and 2022 were searched in the ERIC database. From 383 potentially relevant articles, the researchers included 38 primary studies. Systematic reviews and meta-analytic studies were excluded. The results showed that home learning environment factors do affect numeracy and literacy learning. Prominent factors were family learning background, reading and numerical activities and home resources. Other factors, such as the reading and numeracy interests of children and the parent-child relationship, also play an important role in the acquisition of foundational numeracy and literacy skills.