bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efficient wireless power transmission to remote the sensor in restenosis coronary artery
Authors: Alghrairi Mokhalad , Sulaiman Nasri , Hasan Wan Zuha Wan , Jaafar Haslina , Mutashar Saad
Published: January 2022

In this study, the researchers have proposed an alternative technique for designing an asymmetric 4 coil-resonance coupling module based on the series-to-parallel topology at 27 MHz industrial scientific medical (ISM) band to avoid the tissue damage, for the constant monitoring of the in-stent restenosis coronary artery. This design consisted of 2 components, i.e., the external part that included 3 planar coils that were placed outside the body and an internal helical coil (stent) that was implanted into the coronary artery in the human tissue. This technique considered the output power and the transfer efficiency of the overall system, coil geometry like the number of coils per turn, and coil size. The results indicated that this design showed an 82% efficiency in the air if the transmission distance was maintained as 20 mm, which allowed the wireless power supply system to monitor the pressure within the coronary artery when the implanted load resistance was 400 Ω.
Decentralised optimal deployment of mobile underwater sensors for covering layers of the ocean
Authors: Nazarzehi Valimohammad , Damani Rasoul
Published: January 2022

This paper presents the problem of sensing coverage of layers of the ocean in three dimensional underwater environments. We propose distributed control laws to drive mobile underwater sensors to optimally cover a given confined layer of the ocean. By applying this algorithm at first the mobile underwater sensors adjust their depth to the specified depth. Then, they make a triangular grid across a given area. Afterwards, they randomly move to spread across the given grid. These control laws only rely on local information also they are easily implemented and computationally effective as they use some easy consensus rules. The feature of exchanging information just among neighbouring mobile sensors keeps the information exchange minimum in the whole networks and makes this algorithm practicable option for undersea. The efficiency of the presented control laws is confirmed via mathematical proof and numerical simulations.
Epileptic seizure classification of electroencephalogram signals using extreme gradient boosting classifier
Authors: Panigrahi Millee , Behera Dayal Kumar , Patra Krishna Chandra
Published: January 2022

Epilepsy causes repeated seizures in an individual's life, which causes transient irregularities in the brain's electrical activity. It results in different physical symptoms that are abnormal. Various antiepileptic drugs fail to minimize repeated patient seizures. The electroencephalogram (EEG) signal recordings provide us with time-series data set for epileptic seizure detection and analysis. These signals are highly nonlinear and inconsistent, and they are recorded over time. Predicting the ictal period (seizure period at the time of epilepsy) is thus a challenging task in the naked eye for the medical practitioners. Various machine learning techniques are applied to identify the seizure's occurrence and its classification in multiple domains. A classification model based on extreme gradient boosting (SCLXGB) is proposed here for the classification of the EEG signals. The SCLXGB model implements binary seizure classification on the benchmark dataset. Compared with K-nearest neighbor, linear regression, and Decision treebased models, the proposed model achieves the best area under receiver operating curve (AUC) of 0.9462 and an accuracy of 96% which signifies accurate prediction of seizure and non seizure period. The proposed model SCLXGB was validated by taking different performance metrics to indicate the occurrence and non-occurrence of seizures in patients more appropriately.
Day-ahead solar irradiance forecast using sequence-to-sequence model with attention mechanism
Authors: Subramanian Sowkarthika , Gounder Yasoda Kailasa , Lingana Sumathi
Published: January 2022

The increasing integration of distributed energy resources (DERs) into power grid makes it significant to forecast solar irradiance for power system planning. With the advent of deep learning techniques, it is possible to forecast solar irradiance accurately for a longer time. In this paper, day-ahead solar irradiance is forecasted using encoder-decoder sequence-to-sequence models with attention mechanism. This study formulates the problem as structured multivariate forecasting and comprehensive experiments are made with the data collected from National Solar Radiation Database (NSRDB). Two error metrics are adopted to measure the errors of encoder-decoder sequence-to-sequence model and compared with smart persistence (SP), back propagation neural network (BPNN), recurrent neural network (RNN), long short term memory (LSTM) and encoder-decoder sequence-to-sequence LSTM with attention mechanism (Enc-Dec-LSTM). Compared with SP, BPNN and RNN, Enc-Dec-LSTM is more accurate and has reduced forecast error of 31.1%, 19.3% and 8.5% respectively for day-ahead solar irradiance forecast with 31.07% as forecast skill.
A novel fast-qualitative balance test method of screening for vestibular disorder patients
Authors: Vu Tran Anh , Huy Hoang Quang , Tuan Le Van , Huong Pham Thi Viet
Published: January 2022

Body balance test is one of the methods of assessing vestibular level. However, the results are still qualitative, depending on the subjectivity of the doctor. This study proposes a new, low-cost method to quantitatively determine the degree of body imbalance. The proposal includes a low-cost laser source, a proposed rectangular paper frame, a camera, and a computer. The rectangular frame is mounted on the patient. The laser source is fixed and projected onto this rectangular frame. The laser projection point is taken as the origin point to evaluate the movement of the frame, which is also the movement of the patient’s body. This rectangular frame is pre-marked with points to get more accuracy of the position of the laser point. Therefore, this measurement is not affected by the position of the camera during recording. The video is then procecced by computer to determine the position of laser point, it is also presented the movement of the patient’s body. Initial trials were conducted on vestibular and normal patients. The results show that there is a clear difference in the balance of the vestibular and healthy people. The proposed method can be used to support quantitative screening for vestibular disease.
3D chaos graph deep learning method to encrypt and decrypt digital image
Authors: Shakir Daniah Abdul Qahar , Dawood Ali Jbaeer
Published: January 2022

We live in technological age development’s where many important data transmitted electronically from one device to another and in every place. Deep learning algorithms have facilitated the process of encoding and decoding digital images. Chaotic graph systems, on the other hand, are one of the most recent techniques utilized to encode image data based on the methods of cryptography. The chaos maps are divided into two main aspects, first one deals with the 1D map which requires fewer features and can be developed easily, the second one is the high dimensional map which is more complex than the 1D graph and it requires more features, more parameters, and it is relatively hard to develop. In this paper, we present a method for image encoding and decoding electronically using deep learning, the proposed algorithm was developed by using the hybrid technique of 3D chaos map generation, the best case of the proposed technique gave the following results: The average entropy calculation was (7.4838) before image encryption and (7.9896) after image encryption with average number of pixels change rate (NPCR) of (99.7085%) and the unified average changing intensity (UACI) of (33.2030%) which are the best outcomes when compared to other similar works.
Relationship Between Social Determinants of Health and Antihypertensive Medication Adherence in a Medicaid Cohort
Authors: Wilder Marcee E. , Zheng Zhanonian , Zeger Scott L. , Elmi Angelo , Katz Richard J. , Li Yixuan , Mccarthy Melissa L.
Published: January 2022

Background:

Little is known about the relationship between social determinants of health (SDH) and medication adherence among Medicaid beneficiaries with hypertension.

Methods:

We conducted a posthoc subgroup analysis of 3044 adult Medicaid beneficiaries who enrolled in a parent prospective cohort study and had a diagnosis of hypertension based on their Medicaid claims during a 24-month period before study enrollment. We calculated the proportion of days covered by at least one antihypertensive medication during the first 12 months after study enrollment using the prescription claims data. We measured numerous SDH at the time of study enrollment and we categorized our hypertension cohort into 4 social risk groups based on their response profiles to the SDH variables. We compared the mean proportion of days covered by the different levels of the SDH factors. We modeled the odds of being covered by an antihypertensive medication daily throughout the follow-up period by social risk group, adjusted for age, sex, and disease severity using a generalized linear model.

Results:

The nonrandom sample was predominately Black (93%), female (62%) and had completed high school (77%). The mean proportion of days covered varied significantly by different SDH, such as food insecurity (49%–56%), length of time living at present place (47%–57%), smoking status (50%–56%), etc. Social risk group was a significant predictor of medication adherence. Participants in the 2 groups with the most social risks were 36% (adjusted odds ratio=0.64 [95% CI, 0.53–0.78]) and 20% (adjusted odds ratio=0.80 [95% CI, 0.70–0.93]) less adherent to their hypertension therapy compared with participants in the group with the fewest social risks.

Conclusions:

Social risks are associated with lower antihypertensive medication adherence in the Medicaid population.
Immune System and Microvascular Remodeling in Humans
Authors: Rizzoni Damiano , De Ciuceis Carolina , Szczepaniak Piotr , Paradis Pierre , Schiffrin Ernesto L. , Guzik Tomasz J.
Published: January 2022

Low-grade inflammatory processes and related oxidative stress may have a key role in the pathogenesis of hypertension and hypertension-mediated organ damage. Innate immune cells, such as neutrophils, dendritic cells, monocytes/macrophages, as well as unconventional T lymphocytes like γδ T cells contribute to hypertension and may trigger vascular inflammation. Adaptive immunity has been demonstrated to participate in elevation of blood pressure and in vascular and kidney injury. In particular, effector T lymphocytes (Th1, Th2, and Th17) may play a relevant role in promoting hypertension and microvascular remodeling, whereas T-regulatory lymphocytes may have a protective role. Effector cytokines produced by these immune cells lead to increased oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction and contribute to target organ damage in hypertension. A possible role of immune cell subpopulations in the development and regression of microvascular remodeling has also been proposed in humans with hypertension. The present review summarizes the key immune mechanisms that may participate in the pathophysiology of hypertension-mediated inflammation and vascular remodeling; advances in this field may provide the basis for novel therapeutics for hypertension.
Cause of the Intense Tropics-Wide Tropospheric Warming in Response to El Niño
Authors: Hogikyan A. , Resplandy L. , Fueglistaler S.
Published: January 2022

During El Niño events, a strong tropics-wide warming of the free troposphere is observed (of order 1 K at 300 hPa). This warming plays an important role for the teleconnection processes associated with El Niño but it remains unclear what initiates this warming. Since convective quasi-equilibrium only holds in regions of deep convection, the strong free-tropospheric warming implies that the warmest surface waters (where atmospheric deep convection occurs) must warm during El Niño. We analyze the evolution of the oceanic mixed layer heat budget over El Niño events as function of sea surface temperature (SST). Data from the ERA5 and an unforced simulation of a coupled climate model both confirm that SSTs during an El Niño event increase at the high end of the SST distribution. The data show that this is due to an anomalous heat flux from the atmosphere into the ocean caused by a decrease in evaporation due anomalously weak low-level winds (i.e., relative to the wind speed observed in the domain of deep convection in the climatological base state). It is hypothesized that the more zonally symmetric circulation during El Niño is responsible for the weakening of low-level winds. The result of a substantial heat flux into the ocean in the domain of atmospheric deep convection (the opposite of the canonical heat flux out of the ocean into the atmosphere observed in the cold eastern Pacific) caused by a decrease in low-level wind speed implies that the prominent tropospheric warming results from mechanical forcing.
Near-Inertial Wave Energetics Modulated by Background Flows in a Global Model Simulation
Authors: Raja Keshav J. , Buijsman Maarten C. , Shriver Jay F. , Arbic Brian K. , Siyanbola Oladeji
Published: January 2022

We study the generation, propagation, and dissipation of wind-generated near-inertial waves (NIWs) in a global 1/25° Hybrid Coordinate Ocean Model (HYCOM) simulation with realistic atmospheric forcing and background circulation during 30 days in May–June 2019. The time-mean near-inertial wind power input and depth-integrated energy balance terms are computed for the total fields and the fields decomposed into vertical modes to differentiate between the radiative and (locally) dissipative components of NIW energy. Only 30.3% of the near-inertial wind input projects onto the first five modes, whereas the sum of the NIW energy in the first five modes adds up to 58% of the total NIW energy. Almost all of the depth-integrated NIW horizontal energy flux projects on the first five modes. The global distribution of dissipation and decay distances of NIW modes confirm that lower latitudes are a sink for NIW energy generated at higher latitudes. The locally dissipated fraction of NIW energyqlocalis found to be uniform throughout the global ocean, with a global mean value of 0.79. The horizontal NIW fluxes diverge from areas with cyclonic vorticity and converge in areas with anticyclonic vorticity; that is, anticyclonic eddies are a sink for NIW energy fluxes—in particular, for higher modes. Most of the residual energy that does not project onto modes propagates downward in anticyclonic eddies. The global near-inertial wind power input is 0.21 TW for the 30 days, of which only 19% is transmitted below 500-m depth.
Elites on Equality: Room for Gender Balance and Ethnic Diversity in Leadership Positions?
Authors: Teigen Mari , Midtbøen Arnfinn H. , Karlsen Rune
Published: January 2022

Access to resources, wealth, and power positions varies systematically with membership in social categories. This article asks what role the elites themselves – as holders of power and regulators of access to influential positions – can play in maintaining, but also changing, the demographic composition of elites. Drawing on a unique survey among the entire Norwegian elite, we investigate what holders of elite positions believe are the main causes of gender imbalance and lack of ethnic diversity, and whether their beliefs influence their willingness to implement measures to promote gender equality and ethnic diversity. In line with expectations drawn from the literatures on policy representation and critical frame analysis, we find a strong, positive relationship between the belief in the importance of institutionalized causes of inequality and the willingness to introduce ameliorative measures to increase diversity. Conversely, we find a negative relationship between the belief in individualized explanations, such as the lack of qualifications, and the willingness to introduce measures. As elites are key holders of power, the findings imply that how elites view the causes of categorical inequality has strong bearings on the room for structural change.
Interactive Effects on Motor Performance of Mindfulness, Performance Under Pressure, Self-Talk, and Motor Task Characteristics
Authors: Liu Hong-Yu , Lu Frank J. H. , Hsu Yawen , Gill Diane L , Chiu Yi-Hsiang , Peng Yu-Hao
Published: January 2022

High mindfulness individuals have been found to perform better on motor tasks under various conditions, but it is unknown whether mindfulness and performance relate when performing under pressure or using different types of self-talk with different motor tasks. In this study, 46 male participants ( Mage = 21.4, SD = 1.72 years) with high mindfulness ( n = 23) and low mindfulness ( n = 23) performed dart-throwing and two-hand coordination tasks under pressure and non-pressure conditions and when using instructional and unrelated self-talk. First, on the two-hand coordination task, a three-way mixed ANOVA found: (a) a significant 3-way interaction in which a significantly poorer performance occurred under pressure (vs. without pressure), with low (vs. high) mindfulness and when using unrelated (vs. instructional) self-talk and (b) a significant interaction in which, both under pressure and not, both high and low mindfulness participants performed comparably when using instructional (vs. unrelated) self-talk. Second, on the dart-throwing task, mindfulness interacted with self-talk such that both high and low mindfulness participants performed better when using instructional self-talk, and pressure interacted with self-talk such that participants using instructional (vs. unrelated) self-talk performed better in both pressure and non-pressure conditions. We concluded that instructional self-talk was a useful cognitive strategy, perhaps particularly in pressure conditions and regardless of the degree of mindfulness, and its effectiveness extended to two different motor tasks. We discussed the theoretical implications of these findings, in terms of attention theory, self-talk, and motor control; and we highlighted our study’s limitations and practical applications and gave recommendations for future research.
COVID-19-Related Anxiety and Cognition in Middle-Aged and Older Adults: Examining Sex as a Moderator
Authors: Curtis Ashley F. , Schmiedeler Anthony , Musich Madison , Connell Maggie , Miller Mary Beth , McCrae Christina S.
Published: January 2022

Aging populations experience disproportionate risk for cognitive decline, which may be exacerbated by coronavirus (COVID-19) illness, particularly among women. This study tested sex as a moderator of associations between COVID-19 state anxiety and cognition in middle-aged/older adults. Adults aged 50+ ( N = 275; 151 men/124 women) completed the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale and Cognitive Failures Questionnaire online from remote locations in July/August 2020. A subset of participants ( n = 62) completed an objective cognitive task (Stroop). Multiple regressions determined whether sex moderated associations between COVID-19 anxiety and cognitive outcomes. Sex was a significant moderator, such that for women (not men), greater COVID-19 anxiety was associated with more memory failures and blunders (subjective measures) and worse processing speed (objective measure). COVID-19 state anxiety is linked to everyday cognition and processing speed in women, but not men. Consistency across subjective and objective measures promotes the need for sex-specific understanding of the pandemic’s behavioral and cognitive effects in mid-to-late life.
Design, preparation and electromagnetic characteristics analysis of single, double and three-layer cross-shaped frequency selective fabrics
Authors: Guan Fuwang , Xue Kun , Li Dan , Li Jiashuang , Yang Zhuli , You Zhichang , Li Zhaole , Lei Yutian
Published: January 2022

Based on the research basis of single-layer cross-shaped frequency selective fabrics, the electromagnetic transmission characteristics of double-layer and three-layer cross-shaped frequency selective fabrics were explored in this paper. The frequency selective fabrics with different multilayer structures and specific-sized conductive units were designed, and then prepared by the computer engraving method and tested using the free-space method. The results show that the single-layer sample is less affected by the polarization mode of the electromagnetic wave, while the effect of the incidence angle is slightly larger. For the frequency selective fabric samples with the same frequency selective surface layers, the frequency selective characteristics of the double-layer samples are more ideal than those of the single-layer samples, while the electromagnetic loss of the three-layer samples is large and the narrow-band transmission characteristic is weakened. For the frequency selective fabric samples with the complementary frequency selective surface layers, the double-layer sample mainly shows band-pass characteristics and the narrow-band transmission characteristics are better than the single-layer sample. The three-layer sample of ‘patch + aperture + patch’ presents band-pass characteristics, and the ‘aperture + patch + aperture’ sample generates resonance at multiple frequency points, but the resonance peaks are all less than –10.00 dB, meaning that the sample presents full shielding characteristics in the test frequency band. The equivalent circuit model was built to explore the electromagnetic transmission mechanism, revealing the fabric type and structure, and the conductive unit type and size will affect the equivalent impedance of the frequency selective fabrics, thus further influencing the electromagnetic transmission characteristics.
Early cardiovascular involvement in dengue fever: A prospective study with two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography
Authors: Gupta Samiksha , Gupta Monica , Kashyap Jeet Ram , Arora Suraj Kumar
Published: January 2022

Cardiac abnormalities in dengue infection have been conventionally identified by clinical manifestations. The primary objective of our prospective observational study was to assess true cardiovascular involvement and early myocarditis in 150 hospitalised, confirmed cases of dengue fever, through myocardial strain detection using two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography. Myocarditis was defined on the basis of European Society of Cardiology (ESC) 2013 criteria. Cardiac biomarkers, namely, creatine phosphokinase myocardial band was elevated in 28.6% and Troponin-T in 23.3% patients. Electrocardiography was abnormal in 64.6% while 6% patients had two-dimensional structural echocardiographic abnormalities. Myocardial dysfunction was suspected in 27.3% based on ESC criteria and strain analysis. The severe dengue group had lower longitudinal strain [−16.4 (6.3)] and circumferential strain [−15.7 (6.7)]. Two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography was found to be useful in improving the understanding of early myocardial mechanics in dengue fever.
Eupalinilide B as a novel anti-cancer agent that inhibits proliferation and epithelial–mesenchymal transition in laryngeal cancer cells
Authors: Jiang Linlin , Zhang Lei , Zhang Xinran
Published: January 2022

Objective

To investigate the anti-cancer effects and potential mechanisms of eupalinilide B in laryngeal cancer cells.

Methods

Laryngeal cancer cell lines were selected to study the anti-tumor effects of eupalinilide B in vitro and in vivo. Lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) activity was assessed in vitro and dialysis experiments were performed to identify the anti-tumor target of the drug.

Results

Eupalinilide B concentration-dependently inhibited the proliferation of laryngeal cancer cells, exhibiting potent inhibitory activity against TU686 (IC50 = 6.73 µM), TU212 (IC50 = 1.03 µM), M4e (IC50 = 3.12 µM), AMC-HN-8 (IC50 = 2.13 µM), Hep-2 (IC50 = 9.07 µM), and LCC cells (IC50 = 4.20 µM). Subsequent target verification experiments demonstrated that eupalinilide B selectively and reversibly inhibited LSD1. Furthermore, eupalinilide B, as a natural product, suppressed epithelial–mesenchymal transition in TU212 cells. An in vivo experiment further indicated that eupalinilide B could significantly reduce the growth of tumors in TU212 xenograft mouse models.

Conclusions

Eupalinilide B might be a novel LSD1 inhibitor for treating laryngeal cancer.
Negative Color Aftereffect in the Absence of a Colored Stimulus
Authors: Sivkovich Fagin Oksana , Mack Arien
Published: January 2022

Negative color aftereffects normally occur following prolonged observation of colored surfaces and are generally attributed to sensory adaptation of opponent processes responsible for color vision. We describe evidence that negative color aftereffects, no different from those that occur when actually viewing red, are perceived in the complete absence of a colored stimulus by highly suggestible persons who are hypnotized and hallucinate seeing red. Highly suggestible participants also excel at imagining color although this is less likely to generate an aftereffect suggesting that there is more to hallucinating than imagining. Our results are clear evidence that sensory adaptation is not necessary for negative color aftereffects.
Financializing nursing homes? The uneven development of Health Care REITs in France, the United Kingdom and Japan
Authors: Aveline-Dubach Natacha
Published: January 2022

Population aging has led to the establishment of Healthcare Real Estate Investment Trusts (HC-REITs) to boost the supply of nursing homes, but these initiatives have met with contrasting success in different countries. This paper bridges two strands of research on financialization, social welfare and the built environment, to explain the uneven geography of HC-REIT development in France, the UK and Japan. It argues that nation-specific processes of nursing home securitization are shaped by the interrelationships between three crucial factors: (i) the regime of retirement income, (ii) public policies dedicated to long-term institutional care and (iii) the power relations between the REITs and care providers themselves. Drawing on discussions with experts in these sectors, the paper demonstrates that liberal welfare states such as the UK have an especially attractive profile for Healthcare REIT investors due to the advanced state of financialized pension reforms, significant state disengagement in the provision of long-term care and REIT-friendly regulations that facilitate investment operations and leases. On the one hand, these tendencies are driving financial investors to satisfy a growing demand for retirement savings in niche markets such as Healthcare REITs. On the other hand, value extraction is being increasingly sought through the capture of care-dependent residents’ home equity. By linking social benefit provisioning to later life housing accommodation, this article casts important light on current debates on the political economy of real estate financialization, while also emphasizing the need for continued state support for long-term institutional care.
Summer suburbanization in Moscow Region: Investigation with nighttime lights satellite imagery
Authors: Sheludkov Alexander , Starikova Alexandra
Published: January 2022

In the summertime, many Moscow residents move to second homes in the countryside, which causes strong seasonal fluxes in the population size of the Russian capital, its surroundings, and more remote rural areas. To better understand the spatial scale and patterns of seasonal suburbanization, we tracked the changes in average monthly nighttime light radiance between August and October 2018 at 1 km resolution. Our results revealed a significant, 1.5 times increase of the summer nighttime lighting in the surroundings of Moscow and a more than 2 times increase in the rural areas to the West and North of the capital. This study illustrates the seasonal character of suburbanization in the Moscow agglomeration and raises the question of its effects on both urban and rural development of the area.
Sports, neoliberalism and crime in India: Towards a Marxist analysis
Authors: Roy Suddhabrata Deb
Published: January 2022

Sports and Crime are an integral part of the social reality of India. The recent case of Olympic medalist Sushil Kumar has again reinvigorated the public sentiments regarding the relationship between crime and the state of `minor’ sports in the country. This paper analyses the issue through an intersectional paradigm informed by the neo-Marxist analysis of sports and Classical Marxist Criminology. The paper argues that sports and crime are integrally related to each other in the rural hinterlands of India. This relationship is expressed in the processes in which sportspersons attempt to adapt to varying circumstances. Under neoliberal capitalism, where the dominant ideology proposes to normalise the idea of succeeding at all costs, sportspersons associated with `minor’ sports in India often resort to criminality because of their lack of social capital coupled with the faults associated with the process of management of these sports.
A Quest for Roots and Kinship: Family History in the Television Series Allt För Sverige (The Great Swedish Adventure)
Authors: Klareld Ann-Sofie
Published: January 2022

This paper considers the contemporary significance of family history and, more generally, cross-national heritage by studying a Swedish television programme in which Swedish Americans visit Sweden to find out more about their ancestors and possibly to meet present-day relatives. Saar’s theory of three levels of genealogy—history, evaluation, and genre—is used as the analytical framework. The findings indicate that the contemporary significance of family history is multilayered and complex, and is acknowledged to be of great importance in self-reflection, self-understanding, and a sense of rootedness.
Women and Power: The Power and Status of the Wives of the Dukes for Fulfilling the Sage in the Kong Lineage in Qufu Since the Qing Dynasty
Authors: Cao Xuezhi , Cheng Jichun
Published: January 2022

In the patriarchal lineage management system in China, only men possess the right to run a lineage. However, by analyzing the power and status of the wives of the Dukes for Fufilling the Sage in the management of the Kong lineage in Qufu since the Qing Dynasty, this study finds that these women played an important role in lineage management. They performed the duties of the dukes under special circumstances and became the highest decision makers of the lineage. This study further analyzes the reasons why the duchesses could exercise management power in the Kong lineage.
Arthroscopic Debridement Versus Refixation of the Acetabular Labrum Associated With Femoroacetabular Impingement: Updated Mean 7-Year Follow-up
Authors: Larson Christopher M. , Dean Robert S. , McGaver Rebecca Stone , Seiffert Kayla J. , Giveans M. Russell
Published: January 2022

Background:

Short- and midterm follow-up studies suggest that arthroscopic labral refixation/preservation leads to superior outcomes compared with labral excision/debridement.

Purpose:

To update the previous early (16 months) and midterm (mean, 42 months) follow-up of this cohort, which reported better patient-reported outcome measures and lower failure rates in the repair/refixation group.

Study Design:

Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3.

Methods:

The authors identified patients who underwent labral debridement/focal labral excision during a period before the development of labral repair techniques. A consecutive group of patients within the labral debridement group thought to be repairable with the authors’ current arthroscopic techniques were compared with a group of consecutive patients who underwent labral repair/refixation. In 46 hips, the labrum was focally excised/debrided consistent with pincer- or combined pincer- and cam-type impingement; in 54 hips, the labrum was repaired/refixed. Subjective outcomes were measured with the modified Harris Hip Score (mHHS), 12-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-12), and visual analog scale (VAS) for pain preoperatively and postoperatively.

Results:

The mean age was 34.0 years in the debridement group and 28.3 years in the repair/refixation group, with a mean follow-up of 7.3 years (range, 2-13.6 years). At the mean follow-up of 7.3 years, subjective outcomes were significantly improved ( P < .01) for both groups compared with preoperative scores. The mHHS ( P = .008), SF-12 score ( P = .012), and VAS pain score ( P = .002) were all significantly better for the repair/refixation group compared with the debridement group. Although most recent outcomes for both groups fell slightly at the mean follow-up of 7.3 years in comparison with the 16-month and 3.5-year follow-ups, these differences were not significant. However, the failure rate in the debridement group did get significantly worse ( P = .014). Good to excellent results were 47.7% in the debridement group and 86.3% in the refixation group ( P < .001), and failure rates were 30.4% (debridement) and 13% (refixation) ( P = .033). There were 4 revisions in the debridement group and 3 revisions in the refixation group.

Conclusion:

Longer term, >7-year follow-up comparing focal labral excision/debridement with repair/refixation revealed better patient-reported outcomes and lower failure rates in the labral repair/refixation cohort. Additionally, despite an absolute decrease in patient-related outcome scoring and number of good/excellent results in both groups compared with the 3.5-year report, there was a significantly greater increase in failure rates over time for the excision/debridement group with better maintenance of good to excellent results in the repair/refixation group.
Survival and Risk Factor Analysis of Arthroscopic Ramp Lesion Repair During Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Thaunat Mathieu , Foissey Constant , Ingale Pramod , Haidar Ibrahim , Bauwens Paul Henri , Penet Alexandre , Kacem Samih , Fayard Jean-Marie
Published: January 2022

Background:

There is a lack of research on the management of ramp lesions associated with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries. Furthermore, there has been no report of the risk factors for failure of ramp lesion sutures, linked to either the technique used (all-inside suture implant vs suture hook through a posteromedial portal) or the type of lesion (location in the red zone or meniscocapsular junction, longitudinal extension, partial- or full-thickness tear).

Purpose:

To evaluate the results of arthroscopic repair of ramp lesions and determine the risk factors associated with ramp lesion repair failure, with special focus on their subtype and the suture technique.

Study Design:

Case-control study; Level of evidence, 3.

Methods:

All patients who underwent arthroscopic ramp lesion repair in association with ACL reconstruction between November 2015 and January 2018 were evaluated retrospectively. The following parameters were studied: demographics; clinical history; clinical findings including International Knee Documentation Committee score, complications, time from injury to surgery, side-to-side laxity, and pivot shift; and surgical findings including subtype, surgical management, and type and number of sutures. Failure of the ramp lesion repair was defined at secondary arthroscopy.

Results:

Among the 248 lesions analyzed, 18 (7.3%) failures were documented. The failures occurred in 21.1% of repairs managed with the all-inside device versus 4.3% of sutures managed with the suture hook ( P = .003). Among the 6 factors included in the Cox model, the only one identified as a risk factor for failure was the type of repair ( P = .003), with a risk for the all-inside device that was >5-fold higher than that for the suture hook repair (corresponding hazard ratio, 5.1 [95% CI, 1.8-14.5]). No other complications involving the surgical technique or device were registered.

Conclusion:

An arthroscopic all-inside technique of meniscal repair of ramp lesions appeared to be safe and effective. It provided excellent healing of the repaired meniscus, with an overall failure rate of 7.3%. The type of suture was associated with failure of the ramp lesion repair, with a significantly higher risk with the all-inside device than with suture hook repair sutures.
Role of Delay Between Injury and Surgery on the Outcomes of Rotator Cuff Repair: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: van der List Jelle P. , Kok Laura M. , Alta Tjarco D.W. , van der List Maarten P.J. , van Noort Arthur
Published: January 2022

Background:

Outcomes of rotator cuff repair (RCR) are influenced by several well-described factors, but the role of delay from injury to surgery on the outcomes is not clear.

Purpose:

To assess the role of delay to surgery on the outcomes of RCR in the literature.

Study Design:

Systematic review with meta-analysis; Level of evidence, 4.

Methods:

PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines were followed. All studies assessing outcomes after RCR—either retear rates or patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs)—and reporting delay to surgery were identified through June 2021 in PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane. Inclusion criteria consisted of traumatic injuries, mean age <65 years, minimum 6-month follow-up, and assessment of retear rates with radiologic examination or reporting of PROMs. Random-effect models were used to assess outcomes, reported in odds ratio (OR) or mean difference (MD) with 95% CIs.

Results:

A total of 8118 patients were included from 33 studies, with a mean age of 59 years (range, 53-64) and mean follow-up of 3.0 years (range, 0.5-8.2), among whom 53% were male and 74% had dominant-side injury. Patients undergoing surgery >3 months after injury did not have significantly higher retear rates (OR, 1.1 [95% CI, 0.5 to 3.1]; P = .700), lower Constant-Murley score (MD, −6.2 [95% CI, −16.4 to 4.1]; P = .240), or lower ASES score (American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons; MD, –12.9 [95% CI, −26.0 to −0.2]; P = .050) compared with those having surgery within 3 months. Similarly, delaying surgery for 6 months did not result in higher retear rates (OR, 1.7 [95% CI, 0.8 to 3.7]; P = .190) or lower PROMs. Delaying surgery for 1 year, however, led to an increased likelihood of retear when compared with <1 year (OR, 2.9 [95% CI, 2.1 to 4.0]; P < .001), and this was similar for the 2-year cutoff (OR, 5.9 [95% CI, 1.1 to 32.1]; P = .040). It was also noted that patients with an intact cuff at follow-up had a mean 3.9 months’ shorter time from injury to surgery than patients with retear (95% CI, 1.0-6.8 months; P = .009).

Conclusion:

This systematic review with meta-analysis found that delaying rotator cuff surgery for 3 to 6 months did not lead to higher retear rates or inferior PROMs as compared with undergoing earlier surgery. However, delaying surgery for ≥1 year clearly resulted in higher retear rates after RCR. This study is limited by relying on retrospective studies, and larger prospective studies are needed to confirm these findings.

Registration:

CRD42021240720 (PROSPERO).
Monitoring Rotator Cuff Muscle Fatty Infiltration Progression by Magnetic Resonance Imaging T1 Mapping: Correlation With Direct Evaluation Findings in Rats
Authors: Yang Yimeng , Qiu Longhua , Gu Xueping , Chen Jun , Chen Shiyi , Hu Dan , Hao Yuefeng , Shang Xiliang
Published: January 2022

Background:

Monitoring the fatty infiltration (FI) process in rotator cuff muscles is of value in establishing a treatment plan and predicting the postoperative prognosis. Quantitative T1 mapping shows promise for evaluating muscle degeneration, while its validity in monitoring rotator cuff muscle FI progression needs further investigation.

Purpose:

To determine the validity of T1 mapping in monitoring FI progression of rotator cuff muscles.

Study Design:

Controlled laboratory study.

Methods:

Sprague-Dawley rats (N = 108) underwent left supraspinatus (SS) and infraspinatus (IS) tenotomy only (TT), suprascapular nerve transection only (NT), or SS and IS tenotomy plus suprascapular nerve transection (TT+NT). Sham surgery on the right shoulder served as the control. The magnetic resonance imaging examination included T1 mapping performed at 12, 16, and 20 weeks postoperation. SS and IS muscles were harvested to quantitatively evaluate FI via direct evaluation (triglyceride quantification assay and histological analysis) at the same predetermined intervals. The correlation of the imaging data with direct evaluation of rotator cuff muscles was analyzed.

Results:

T1 values were significantly lower in left SS and IS muscles at 12, 16, and 20 weeks postoperation as compared with those on the right side. T1 values of the left SS and IS muscles were continuously decreased in all groups. The TT+NT group had a greater decrease in T1 value than did the TT and NT groups. Triglyceride quantification assay and histological analysis demonstrated significant and progressive FI of the left SS and IS muscles in the 3 groups. The most serious FI changes were observed in the TT+NT group. T1 values were also well correlated with triglyceride contents and area fractions of fat.

Conclusion:

T1 mapping can be an effective imaging modality for sensitive and quantitative monitoring of FI progression in rotator cuff muscles.

Clinical Relevance:

The findings of this study provide a tool for researchers to noninvasively and quantitatively monitor the process of muscle degeneration, contributing to the evaluation of surgical indication and postoperative prognosis.
Organ Care System Heart™ in donors requiring high-risk excision of suspected neoplastic lesions
Authors: Olivieri Guido Maria , Carrozzini Massimiliano , Lanfranconi Marco , Russo Claudio Francesco
Published: January 2022

Although Heart Transplant is still the gold standard treatment for end-stage heart failure patients, the limitation of this procedure is the discrepancy between the amount of waiting list patients and donors. Organ Care Systems, preventing the detrimental effects of cold ischemia, potentially increase donor pool. Herein we report three cases where high-risk excisions were required to clarify the nature of suspected lesions in donors. We decided to retrieve the organs and to place them in the devices before performing the excision. Our experience confirm the possibility to utilise this device as a time buffer in these peculiar scenarios.
Do Actions Speak Louder than Words?
Authors: Green Alan , Humphrey Daniel
Published: January 2022

Are preferences for redistribution based on self-interest, ideology, or identity? This paper describes an experiment where participants play a game that requires both luck and skill for cash payoffs. At the end of the game, participants vote on the distribution of payoffs. Options range from full equality to unequal payments based on final rank. These votes are then analyzed; results show that self-interest, ideology, and identity all impact how participants vote. Those who do well are much more likely to vote for an unequal payoff while those who do poorly are likely to vote for an equal payoff. The degree of acceptable inequality, however, is influenced both by ideology (stated preferences over redistribution) and identity (race and age). The experiment also led to some changes in perspective, with those who did poorly in the game in particular being highly likely to shift their views in favor of redistribution.
An emergent form of life? A vertical suburb in Italy, a liminal glimpse from within
Authors: Pierosara Silvia
Published: January 2022

This contribution explores a case study of a marginalized suburb in Italy called ‘Hotel House’ from three angles. First, I look at the historical and physical features of this particular building, which functions as a vertical multicultural neighbourhood. Second, I examine the paradoxical nature of this building type, which is exceedingly rare in Italy and Europe, in relation to (in)visibility and the lack of social and public relationships. Third, the focus shifts to the social relationships that have emerged within the building over the years, together with their ethical and normative import and implications. The discussion in this final section is facilitated by two concepts: ‘forms of life’ and immanent critique.
Pitfalls When Using Area Under the Curve to Evaluate Item Content for Early Screening Tests for Autism
Authors: Lucas Carmen A. , Brewer Neil , Young Robyn L.
Published: January 2022

Evaluations of early screening tests for autism commonly rely on receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis and comparisons of area under the curve (AUC). Whether AUC differs significantly from chance or between test items is not always assessed. Two recent and independent evaluations of the Brief Autism Detection in Early Childhood (BADEC) constructed a short-form by selecting the five items with the highest AUC values, leading to inconsistencies regarding appropriate item content (Nah et al., 2018; Nevill et al., 2019). Using significance testing to compare AUC values for each test item from each dataset, we demonstrate which items justify inclusion in the BADEC, which items can be ruled out, and highlight key factors influencing AUC significance testing outcomes.
Evidence Engines: Common Rhetorical Features of Fraudulent Academic Articles
Authors: Pflugfelder Ehren Helmut
Published: January 2022

Predatory publishers deliver neither the editorial oversight, nor the peer review of legitimate publishers, and benefit from those whose positions require academic publications. These publishers also provide a home for conspiracy theorists and pseudoscience promoters, as their lack of scrutiny offers fraudulent academic research articles a veneer of scholarly credibility. While most predatory journals were designed to dupe researchers, the fraudulent articles they often publish are designed to be found by members of the public, and their accessibility ensures that unlike legitimate research, they are likely to be employed as evidence by those seeking evidence. While studies have examined the common features of predatory journals, their emails, and their websites, this essay situates fraudulent academic articles in posttruth discourse, offers a taxonomy of illegitimate research articles, and highlights their common rhetorical features, in the hopes that the concepts discovered here can further contribute to pedagogy and public understanding.
Les règles de la confiance entre particuliers - une ethnographie des échanges sur leboncoin.fr
Authors: Stenger Thomas , Garcia-Bardidia Renaud , Bailly Adrien
Published: January 2022

Résumé

Les plateformes d’échange entre particuliers ( C to C) proposent de multiples outils d’évaluation (notes, réputation calculée, avis en ligne) pour générer la confiance indispensable aux transactions. Quels sont les ressorts de la confiance lorsque ces outils sont absents (ou ne sont pas utilisés) ? A partir d’une ethnographie des échanges via leboncoin.fr, cet article révèle les mécanismes de la confiance dans ce contexte. L’approche goffmanienne adoptée permet de mettre en évidence des règles de la confiance (engagement, normalité, proximité, clarté et lisibilité, dévoilement) et leur rôle dans le maintien et la restauration de situations de confiance. Cette recherche contribue ainsi à la littérature marketing en complétant d’une part, les travaux sur le caractère évaluatif et calculé de la confiance, et d’autre part, sur la confiance en ligne, en proposant une analyse cross-canal. Elle ouvre des perspectives alternatives de cadrage des échanges C to C et d’étude des comportements de consommation cross-canal.