bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
REGULARITIES OF ANATOMY AND TOPOGRAPHY OF THE LARYNGEAL NERVES IN AN ADULT ACCORDING TO THE LITERATURE DATA
Authors:   Belarusian State Medical University, A.E. Chechenets , N.A. Trushel ,   Belarusian State Medical University
Published: November 2021

Establishing the morphological regularities of laryngeal nerves of the human is extremely important in surgical and oncological practice. During surgical intervenrions on the thyroid gland, damage of the superior and inferior laryngeal nerves can occur — the second most common complication after hypoparathyroidism. Based on the studied literature data on anatomy and topography of the laryngeal nerves in an adult, a number of the morphological features have been identified. The article describes the morphometric parameters of the laryngeal nerves and their branches. Also, the article describes variants of the localisation of the internal branch of the superior laryngeal nerve relatively to the superior laryngeal artery, a number of classifications based on the localisation of the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve relatively to the superior thyroid artery and the inferior laryngeal constrictor, variants for the inferior laryngeal nerve passage in tracheoesophageal groove, its location in relation to the trunk and branches of the inferior thyroid artery, Berry's ligament, Zuckerkandl's tubercle and also such anatomical features of the inferior laryngeal nerve as its extralaryngeal branching and cases of non-recurrent laryngeal nerve. These topographic and anatomical features of the laryngeal nerves that should be taken into account for the identification of the nerves during surgery, and also allows them to be considered prerequisites for an increased risk of iatrogenic trauma.
CHARACTERISTICS OF MICROBIOCENOSIS IN INFECTIOUS AND HYPOTONIC VARIANTS OF POSTPARTUM ENDOMETRITIS
Authors:   Belarusian Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, I.A. Veres
Published: November 2021

A survey was carried out of 186 puerperas (average age 25.1 ± 2.3). All patients were divided into the following groups: 1st — 87 puerperas hypotonic with hypotonic variant of postpartum endometritis (HPE), 2nd — 68 puerperas with infectious variant of postpartum endometritis (IPE). The control group consisted of 31 puerperas with physiological postpartum period (average age 25.4 ± 2.8). In a microbiological study of the biocenosis of the birth canal of puerperas with HPE, at the initial hypotonic-stagnant stage caused by contractile myometrial insufficiency, monocultures of opportunistic pathogens, such as Staphylococcus epidermidis and Streptococcus spp., were isolated as a secondary etiological agent. in 3 (20 %) cases, Enterococcus faecalis and Escherichia coli in 5 (33.3 %) cases, Enterococcus faecium in 4 (26.6 %) individuals, as well as pathogenic — Proteus mirabilis in 1 (6.6 %), Klebsiella pneumonia and Streptococcus agalactiae in 2 (13.3 %) cases with a slight increase in the isolated microflora in 11 (73.3 %) individuals up to 104 CFU/ml.
ALLERGENIC ACTIVITY AND DANGER OF INDUSTRIAL DUSTS OF DRY PRODUCTS OF COW'S MILK PROCESSING
Authors:   Scientific and Practical Hygiene Center, S.A. Baranov , V.V. Shevlyakov ,   Scientific and Practical Hygiene Center, S.I. Sychyk ,   Scientific and Practical Hygiene Center, V.A. Filonyuk ,   Scientific and Practical Hygiene Center,   Belarusian State Medical University, G.I. Erm ,   Scientific and Practical Hygiene Center, E.V. Chernyshova ,   Scientific and Practical Hygiene Center, A.V. Buinitskaya ,   Scientific and Practical Hygiene Center
Published: November 2021

The purpose of the work was to establish in a model experiment the allergenic activity and danger of the extracts obtained from the dust of dry products of cow's milk processing (DPMP), containing complexes of soluble whey (WMP) or casein milk proteins (CMP), as a stage of hygienic regulation of the content of dust DPMP in the air of the working area. Experiments on albino guinea pigs sensitized by the intradermal injection of standard doses of WMP and СМР solutions into the ear revealed the development of severe allergic reactions in the animals of the experimental groups with the prevalence of mixed mechanisms of immediate anaphylactic and delayed cell-mediated types. According to the criteria for the classification of industrial allergens, the WMP and СМР complexes have a strong allergenic activity and are differentiated to the 1-st class of allergenic hazard, which determines the classification of the DPMP dust containing them as extremely dangerous industrial allergens. This is confirmed by the established high levels of indicators of allergic-diagnostic reactions in vivo and in vitro when testing sensitized WMP and СМР animals with a solution of skim milk powder dust, indicating the presence of antigenic determinants of whey and casein milk proteins in it and a real ability to form cross-allergic reactions in the body of workers to dust from all dry milk processing products containing these proteins.
PRENATAL EFFECT OF LEAD ON THE LIVER STRUCTURAL ORGANIZATION OF NEWBORN RATS
Authors:   Belarusian State Medical University, T.A. Vylegzhanina , A.Yu. Zejnalova ,   Belarusian State Medical University, N.A. Yuzefovich ,   Belarusian State Medical University
Published: November 2021

The liver structure of the offspring of white rats was studied under conditions of the action of a low dose lead acetate (1 mg/kg of body weight) female during pregnancy. Histological, morphometric and informational analysis of the liver structures in the control and experiment in newborn rat was carried out. It has been shown that prenatal exposure to low doses of lead acetate does not cause significant damage to the liver structure of newborns. Lymphocytic infiltration in the portal area plethora of central vein, expansion of hemocapillaries were found. A statistically significant increase in the size of the nucleus of the hepatocytes, the number of foci of hematopoiesis in the parenchyma of liver, the expansion of hemocapillaries in the experiment compared with the control was established. The observed changes can be considered as a magnification of an adaptive response to the action of anthropogenic factors in the relationship between the fetus and the maternal organism.
ACUTE POISONING IN PEDIATRIC PRACTICE
Authors:   Belarusian State Medical University, L.B. Zhydko , N.A. Ishutina ,   Belarusian State Medical University
Published: November 2021

The publication is devoted to the issues of acute poisoning in pediatric practice. 56 case histories of children hospitalized with diagnoses of acute mushroom and plant poisoning were analyzed. A survey of 50 parents was carried out using a questionnaire on the topic "Childhood poisoning". The mechanisms of poisoning, the clinical picture, the treatment carried out have been studied. Most often poisoning was registered in children aged 1 to 5 years — 12 (21 %), 11—15 years old — 29 (52 %). 33 (59 %) children needed treatment in the department of anesthesiology and intensive care. Typical clinical manifestations of poisoning were observed in 43 (77 %) children. In general, symptoms of gastrointestinal tract damage prevailed in the victims, and neurological disorders were observed in 50 % of plant poisonings. The method of anonymous questioning of parents established their attitude to ensuring the safety of children in matters of acute poisoning with poisonous mushrooms, berries, drugs and household chemicals. Based on the survey results, 26 % of respondents pay insufficient attention to the prevention of poisoning.
THE FIRST STEP IN LEARNING SURGICAL TECHNIQUES
Authors:   Belarusian State Medical University, A. Lemesehewskij , S. Lemiasheuskaya ,   Belarusian State Medical University, M. Bautsiuk ,   Belarusian State Medical University, O. Antiperovieh ,   Belarusian State Medical University
Published: November 2021

Great attention is deservedly given to the practical training of the surgeon, but uniform training approach has not been formed. The systematic development of hands of future surgery specialist is an urgent problem. It takes years to reach the optimal level of manual technique, and early training start contributes to this. It is important to have a clear idea of what skills to train and what to strive for. The aim of the work was assumed to determine the factors affecting the training of surgical techniques and effectiveness of the new training program. We have formed 5 groups of 7—8 people in the group. Each group was trained, which included 8 hours of practical training with a teacher in the curriculum "Fundamentals of surgical techniques". All students were provided: a textbook "Basics of surgical equipment", tools and a basic surgical simulator. 28 different skills were mastered, of which 63.4 % were for students absolutely new. Recommendations were given and allocated 4 months on independent training after the end of practical classes.We have identified that 90.9 % of students coped with the development of the program "Fundamentals of surgery", which, with the final questionnaire, estimated the effectiveness of the entire rate of 9.76 points (on a 10-point scale). According to the recommendation of students expressed when surveying, the training of a video course has begun, which is located on YouTube at https://www. youtube. com/c/L earningSurgicalTechnique. The program "Fundamentals of surgical technique" corresponds to the possibilities of students of 2—3 courses; can be mastered by them during one semester of training.
LEPTOSPIROSIS: INCIDENCE AND DISTRIBUTION AMONG THE POPULATION OF THE REPUBLIC OF BELARUS FOR THE PERIOD FROM 1990 TO 2019
Authors: Y.V. Molochkova , E.V. Fedorovich , S.A. Busel , A.G. Krasko
Published: November 2021

world and poses a serious threat to human health. Also relevant is the problem of animal disease with lepto- spirosis, which causes significant economic damage to countries. In the Republic of Belarus, human diseases with leptospirosis have been registered since 1944, when there were 2 large outbreaks of the disease in the Minsk and Mogilev regions. Currently, the epidemic situation for leptospirosis is characterized as unstable, which is due to the presence in all regions of the Republic of Belarus of natural and economic foci, as well as the formation of new persistent foci of infection both in rural areas and in cities. During the study period 1990—2019, from 4 to 55 cases of the disease were annually registered in the country. The average incidence of leptospirosis during this period was 0.27 per 100 000 population. It was relatively high in the eastern and southeastern regions: in the Mogilev region — 0.85 per 100 000 population, in the Gomel region — 0.49. A low incidence of leptospirosis is typical for the western and northern regions: in the Brest region 0.03 cases per 100 000 population, in the Vitebsk region — 0.05, in the Grodno region — 0.09. In the central region (Minsk region) — 0.11, in Minsk — 0.25. Long-term dynamics of morbidity is characterized by a pronounced reliable upward trend.
BONE CEMENT IMPLANTATION SYNDROME AS A MULTIDISCIPLINARY PROBLEM FROM THE POSITION OF AN ANESTHESIOLOGIST
Authors:   6th City Clinical Hospital of Minsk, M.A. Terenin , I.Z. Yalonetskii ,   Belarusian State Medical University, O.T. Prasmytskii ,   Belarusian State Medical University, A.D. Titova ,   Belarusian State Medical University
Published: November 2021

The number of orthopedic operations using bone cement is growing every year around the world, and therefore the number of patients with bone cement implantation syndrome will inevitably increase. Awareness of risk factors, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, timely diagnosis, treatment and prevention of this pathology, both on the part of the orthopedic traumatologist and the anesthetic and operating teams, will help to optimize the results of treatment of patients requiring orthopedic operations. The problem of bone cement implantation syndrome remains poorly understood. Based on a review of a number of scientific publications in the Pubmed, eLibrary system (up to June 2020), the article discusses the etiology, pathogenesis and principles of providing emergency medical care for this complication of a number of orthopedic surgical interventions.
FEATURES OF MICROBIAL LANDSCAPE OF PATIENTS WITH ACUTE AND CHRONIC RHINOSINUSITIS CAUSED BY BIOFILMS
Authors:   Republican Scientific and Practical Center of Otorhinolaryngology, Yu.E. Eremenko , L.P. Titov ,   Republican Scientific and Practical Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology, S.I. Sidelova ,   Republican Scientific and Practical Center of Otorhinolaryngology, E.S. Nosova ,   Republican Scientific and Practical Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology, E.V. Shestakova ,   Republican Scientific and Practical Center of Otorhinolaryngology, P.I. Dubovik ,   Republican Scientific and Practical Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology
Published: November 2021

The cause of bacterial sinusitis can be both a decrease in reactivity and a weakening of the macroorganism, which occurs as a result of an acute respiratory illness or hypothermia, and as a result of trauma, deformation of the nasal septum, the presence of a foreign body and other factors. Biofilms and, as a consequence, antibacterial resistance are an important predictor of bacterial sinusitis. To date, it is assumed that 90% of the studied types of microorganisms are capable of forming biofilms. The topic of the species spectrum of microorganisms and their associations capable of film formation is poorly studied. When prescribing antibiotic therapy, one has to be guided by epidemiological data on the types of possible pathogens, their ability to form film and sensitivity to groups of antibacterial drugs in accordance with current clinical protocols. The aim of the study was to study the microbial landscape of patients with acute and chronic sinusitis, to determine the ability to form biofilms. To determine the microbial spectrum, a one-stage cross-sectional study was carried out, the coverage of which was 52 patients with a diagnosis of "Acute maxillary sinusitis" and 61 patients with a diagnosis of "Chronic maxillary sinusitis". In all patients, a quantitative determination of the microflora of the paranasal sinuses was performed, followed by taking into account patients with microorganisms isolated in an etiologically significant amount and determining the ability to biofilm formation. It was found that the most common microorganisms in patients with acute sinusitis were Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Klebsiella pneumoniae; with chronic - Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella oxytoca, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa Mixed infection was detected in 28% of patients with acute sinusitis and 17% with chronic sinusitis. The ability to form biofilms was exhibited by 88% of isolates isolated from patients with acute sinusitis and 93% of isolates from patients with chronic sinusitis. Thus, the study of the spectrum of microorganisms that form biofilms is an integral part of the study of the etiology and pathogenesis of acute and chronic sinusitis.
PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF BASKETBALL PLAYERS 12-14 YEARS OLD FROM THE REPUBLIC OF BELARUS AND THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
Authors:   Belarusian State University of Physical Culture, Chen Yibo , V.I. Danube ,   Institute of Contemporary Knowledge named after A.M. Shirokov, N.G. Arinchina ,   Belarusian State University of Physical Culture
Published: November 2021

The psychophysiological status of 12-14 year old basketball players from the Republic of Belarus and the People's Republic of China was assessed. With the help of the program "NS-Psychotest" the indicators characterizing the state of the nervous system of young basketball players were studied. The indicators of the functional mobility of nervous processes indicated the relative inertia of the nervous system and the absence of significant dynamics as basketball players from Belarus and China grew up. Indicators of lability of the nervous system in the process of maturation of basketball players reached the average level by the age of 14. The speed and precision qualities of basketball players as they grow up tended to decrease the number of movements, improve psychomotor reactions. The peculiarities of concentration and attention switching were assessed according to the indicators of the test "Red-black tables": the duration of the test and the number of errors. For basketball players from the Republic of Belarus, the duration of testing by the age of 13 was significantly reduced compared to the age of 12, for basketball players from China it remained without significant dynamics. The number of mistakes among basketball players from Belarus and China did not significantly differ between the groups in all age periods. The accuracy of the movements of fingers and hands was determined: among basketball players from the Republic of Belarus, an increase in accuracy was noted as they grew older; basketball players from the PRC did not change the accuracy of their movements. A significant difference was revealed: the indicators of movement accuracy by the age of 14 among young basketball players from Belarus were higher than among basketball players from China.
THE RATIONALE FOR PRESCRIBING ANTIFUNGAL AGENTS IN THE TREATMENT OF CHRONIC SINUSITIS IN HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS
Authors:   Belarusian State Medical University, M.S. Zagurskaya
Published: November 2021

The article provides information on the frequency of detection of fungi of the genus Candida in HIV-positive and HIV-negative patients with chronic sinusitis. Information on the frequency of verification of this microorganism made it possible to calculate the probability of a fungal etiology of chronic inflammatory pathology of the paranasal sinuses and to substantiate the need for the use of antifungal agents in the treatment of chronic sinusitis in immunocompromised individuals. To assess the likelihood of fungal etiology, data on the clinical stage of immunodeficiency and the level of CD4 lymphocytes were used. As a result of the study, the indications for the appointment of antifungal agents in the treatment of chronic sinusitis in HIV-positive patients were determined, taking into account the clinical stage of HIV infection and the number of CD4 lymphocytes.
INVESTIGATION OF THE STRENGTH CHARACTERISTICS OF THE ANCHOR RETAINERS MODELS
Authors:   Republican Scientific and Practical Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics, A.E. Murzich , M.A. Gerasimenko ,   Republican Scientific and Practical Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics, R.S. Sirotkin ,   Republican Scientific and Practical Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics, A.S. Amialchenia ,   Scientific and Production Limited Liability Company "Medbiotech"
Published: November 2021

This publication presents an analytical review of the literature and analyzes our own research results of strength characteristics studies of the developed anchor retainers models using automated strength calculation modules.
A FORGOTTEN GROUP OF ANTIBACTERIAL DRUGS
Authors:   Belarusian State Medical University, A.Ch. Buzel , G.G. Maksimenya ,   Belarusian State Medical University
Published: November 2021

In recent years, considerable attention has been paid to the spread of bacterial resistance to antibiotics, disinfectants, and antiseptics. There are few effective antimicrobial drugs left, the creation of new ones requires significant costs. The WHO defines bacteriophages as a "new therapeutic approach" as an alternative in the fight against bacterial pathogens. Undoubtedly, healthcare organizers, epidemiologists and clinicians currently need an up-to-date assessment of the evidence regarding the benefits, efficacy and safety of bacteriophage therapy, as well as the use of phages for the control and prevention of infections (for example, in a complex of anti-epidemic measures, biological disinfection).
Amalgamaty koncepcyjne w designie
Authors: Bytniewska Hanna
Published: November 2021

Celem niniejszego tekstu jest określenie tych obszarów designu, w których badaniu przydatna może być struktura metafory (Lakoff, Johnson, 2010) oraz w jakim zakresie może być ona niewystarczająca. Bazę dla rozważań stanowią przykłady rozwiązań zastosowanych przez designerów. Projektanci, podejmując decyzje dotyczą-ce przyszłego kształtu, funkcji i wyglądu przedmiotu, opierają się na swojej wiedzy na temat rzeczywistości, ludzkich potrzeb i przekazują użytkownikom to, jak rozumieją rolę i cele designu w życiu społecznym, a tym samym swoją wizję codzienności. Na podstawie omawianych przykładów tekst odnosi się do specyficznego rodzaju myślenia podczas pracy nad projektem, charakterystycznego dla designerów. Rozważania prowadzą do tezy, iż w sposób myślenia designerów pełniej opisuje model conceptual blending (Fauconnier, Turner, 2002) niż struktura metafory, która nie zawsze może być zastosowana. W literaturze polskiej conceptual blending, tłumaczone jako „amalgamaty pojęciowe”, najczęściej pojawia się w odniesieniu do badań lingwistycznych. Artykuł proponuje tłumaczenie „amalgamaty koncepcyjne”, jako poszerzającego znaczenie terminu i mającego zastosowanie również w badaniu myślenia wizualnego, w tym designu.
Introduction to the special issue on sustainability and digital transformation
Authors: Muschert Glenn , Ragnedda Massimo
Published: November 2021

This piece introduces the special issue of First Monday focused on the topic of Sustainability and Digital Transformation. This collection is a forum for that conversation to develop as a venue in which social scientists, STS scholars, and other digital scholars explore the concept of digital sustainability. This special issue emerges in the context of two notable social trends. First, there is a push for global sustainable development, and second, all sectors of human endeavor are migrating into the digital sphere. These two trends combine into a single, nascent theme of digital sustainability, which is the topic of this collection of articles in First Monday. The focus is upon the role(s) of digital technologies in establishing a sustainable world. The collection includes seven papers, which make a modest contribution to the growing discourse about the sociological aspects of all things digital in sustainability practices. The aim is to establish a research agenda focusing on digital technologies' current and potential role (but also limitations). The articles pay special attention to the intricate interplay of technology, social dynamics of media, sustainability practices, and information change. The contributors have provided individual works that contribute to the digital sustainability scholarship, some conceptual and others analytical. The collection invites the reader to consider sustainability and the ever-expanding integration of digital technologies in various aspects of social life
Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation in Bicuspid Aortic Valve Pathology: Current Evidence and Technical Challenges
Authors:   Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Heart and Vascular Center Hamburg Hamburg, Germany, Schaefer Andreas , Conradi Lenard ,   Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Heart and Vascular Center Hamburg Hamburg, Germany
Published: November 2021

Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is an established therapy for severe symptomatic aortic valve stenosis (AS) in patients at high and intermediate risk for surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR). Current evidence also suggests at least non-inferiority of TAVI in low-risk patients compared to SAVR. However, there are special subsets of patients and anatomical circumstances in which TAVI is traditionally considered a suboptimal treatment strategy due to procedure inherent increased risks (e.g., rupture of cardiac chambers in patients with severe calcifications of the left ventricular outflow tract, valve migration in very large aortic annuli). One of these special subsets is bicuspid AS. Bicuspid aortic valve disease is the most common congenital heart defect and most frequent reason for AS in patients <70 years of age. Bicuspid aortic valve pathology is characterized by special anatomical complexities like asymmetrical cusp proportion and calcium distribution, a more pronounced annular ellipticity compared to tricuspid aortic valves and concomitant dilation of the thoracic aorta. These factors have led physicians to traditionally indicate TAVI more reluctantly in those patients in the past. In this article, current evidence for TAVI for bicuspid AS is discussed and technical challenges are highlighted.
Platelet-Rich Fibrin in Combination with Local Antibiotics Optimizes Wound Healing After Deep Sternal Wound Problems and Prevents Reinfection
Authors:   Heart Center Brandenburg, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital Brandenburg Medical School “Theodor Fontane”, Bernau,  Germany, Kuehnel Ralf-Uwe , Schroeter Filip ,   Heart Center Brandenburg, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital Brandenburg Medical School “Theodor Fontane”, Bernau,  Germany, Mueller Torsten ,   Heart Center Brandenburg, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital Brandenburg Medical School “Theodor Fontane”, Bernau,  Germany, Ostovar Roya ,   Heart Center Brandenburg, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital Brandenburg Medical School “Theodor Fontane”, Bernau,  Germany, Albes Johannes ,   Heart Center Brandenburg, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital Brandenburg Medical School “Theodor Fontane”, Bernau,  Germany
Published: November 2021

Objective: Disturbed wound healing is a significant problem in patients after cardiac surgery. Problems with deep sternal wound healing are rare, but can be quite difficult to treat. Furthermore, the therapy is highly expensive and consumes many of the patient’s personal resources. Another major obstacle in this patient group is reinfection after secondary wound closure. We examined how to prevent early reinfection through the use of growth factors in combination with local antibiotics. Methods: Our study included 232 patients with a deep sternal wound healing problem. After initial vacuum therapy, we planned secondary wound closure. During wound closure, we used only platelet-rich fibrin in a PRF group (109 patients). In another group (123 patients), we covered the wounds intraoperatively with a combination of PRF and local antibiotics (PRF CoDelivery). All patients were observed for 30 days for signs of early surgical site infection. Results: After 30 days, 22 patients (20.2%) in the PRF group showed a persistent problem with wound healing with or without reinfection. In contrast, only 12 patients (9.8%) in the PRF CoDelivery group had this problem (p=0.023 PRF vs. PRF CoDelivery). Conclusion: The combination of growth factors and antibiotics was associated with a significantly reduced incidence of early reinfection and thus can be expected to have a positive impact on wound healing in complicated scenarios. Furthermore, the combination of PRF and local antibiotics was easy to use. Further studies are needed to verify these initial findings.
The Thermal Safety Profile of a New Bipolar Vessel Sealing Device for Thyroid Surgery
Authors:   Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Prasad Aman , Durrant Jessica ,   2Dallas Tissue Research, Farmers Branch, Texas, Smeak Daniel ,   Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences: Small Animal Surgery, Colorado State University, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Fort Collins, Colorado, Newman Jason ,   Department of Otorhinolaryngology: Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pennsylvania,  Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Bipolar electrocautery devices used to achieve intraoperative hemostasis carry risk of imparting thermal energy to adjacent tissue, leading to postoperative morbidity. The aim of this study was to compare a new vessel sealing device, the CoolSeal™ Reveal (Bolder Surgical, Louisville, Colorado), with an established industry standard device, the LigaSure™ Exact Dissector (Valleylab, Boulder, Colorado), to assess their safety and the extent to which they impart thermal damage to tissue during thyroid surgery. Materials and Methods: Vascular bundles associated with the thyroid gland in anesthetized sheep were exposed and sealed with a single activation of each device and excised en bloc. Additionally, vascular structures of the sheep were also sealed 0, 1, or 2mm adjacent to the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN). Vascular and RLN samples were processed for histopathologic evaluation and assessed for extent of thermal injury, seal width, and coagulative changes. Results: The mean thermal injury extent across all sample sizes and vessel types was significantly lower for the CoolSeal™ Reveal device (547.2 ± 27.9μm) compared to the LigaSure™ device (802.7± 48.6μm) (p<0.001). Seal widths were significantly smaller in samples sealed with the CoolSeal™ Reveal device (899.0 ± 14.9μm) than samples sealed with the LigaSure™ device (1645.3 ± 160.3μm) (p<0.001). Conclusion: The CoolSeal™ Reveal device demonstrates significantly lower thermal spread in vivo compared to the LigaSure™ Exact Dissector. These results indicate that the CoolSeal™ Reveal is an effective tool for sealing blood vessels and minimizing thermal damage to adjacent structures during delicate surgeries or in narrow surgical fields associated with the thyroid gland.
The rooting, survival and growth of woody species on tailing dumps in the limestone quarry “Lafarge ciment”
Authors:   Moldova State University, Cuza Petru , Certan Corina ,   Institute of Ecology and Geography, Republic of Moldova, Bulimaga Constantin ,   Institute of Ecology and Geography, Republic of Moldova
Published: November 2021

The rooting, the survival and dynamics of growths in the height and after the diameter of the seedlings, of a range of woody species, had investigated on the freshly formed sterile dump limestone quarry „Lafarge Ciment”. The seedlings of the woody species had a relatively good rooting (69-99%). A high degree of rooting can be ensured as a result of the maintenance of forest crops. After planting, the young seedlings must be cared for by hoeing as many times as necessary in order to control the weeds and maintain moisture in the soil, which increases the survival of the seedlings. Tree species have been characterized by a different growth rate. Acacia has showed a very rapid increase in height, but the black pine has been characterized by a slow growth. Acacia being a fast-growing species and unpretentious to the mineral elements in the soil can be used to afforest the limestone quarry land. In the fi rst year after planting, the young seedlings, otherwise sensitive to the action of the environmental factors, had an increase in height and in diameter slow and uneven. In the years that followed, the seedlings became more viable and less infl uenced by local and temporal fl uctuations of environmental factors.
Appreciation of tolerance at the impact of thermal stress on photosystem ii activity in the leaves of pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.) trees of different ecological origin
Authors:   Moldova State University, Cuza Petru
Published: November 2021

Extreme weather events with high temperatures and strong sunlight have increased alarmingly in the last few decades, considerable affecting plant photosynthesis. In this study, the impact of thermal stress on photosystem II activity in the leaves of pedunculate oak trees (Quercus robur L.) of different ecological origin was assessed. Four days after the thermal shock application with a temperature of 50°C during 20, 40, 60 minutes, the processes of recovery on photosystem II activity in the leaves of the oak trees in the investigated provenances took place with different speed and fullness. The recovery of the functional state of photosystem II in the leaves of the trees showed that in the environmental conditions of the ,,Plaiul Fagului” reservation territory an advanced thermotolerance to the thermal stress action was specifi c for the origin from the north of the country (Edinet). The leaves of the trees of local and southern origin showed a low resistance to the thermal stress action. The advanced adaptation capacity, the high growth rate of the trees from the northern provenance suggest that the acorn harvested from the oaks of northern origin can be used for the works of extension of the afforestation areas in the central area of the Republic of Moldova.
STROKE AND LEUKOCYTES
Authors: Vashadze Shorena , Kekenadze Mariam
Published: November 2021

Our aim is to study interaction of cerebrovascular diseases and peripheral blood ,to find new methods for prevention of this diseases .Materials and methods. 100 people was taking part in this study, among them 55 was men and 45- women ,aged 18-75 year. They all where diagnosed with brain stroke at acute stage. One hour after stroke amount of neutrophils sharply rises (2-3 times more than norm) and it is directly linked to size of stroke . Because of that when lacunar ischemic stroke have had happened the amount of neutrophils is not raised, however when circulation syndrome is seen the amount of neutrophils sharply rises and it depends on size of stroke.
The Riemannian Quantitative Isoperimetric Inequality
Authors: Engelstein Max
Published: November 2021

The (Euclidean) isoperimetric inequality says that any set has a larger perimeter than a ball with the same area. The quantitative isoperimetric inequality says that the difference in perimeters is bounded from below by the square of the distance from our set E to the “closest" ball of the same area.

In this talk, we will discuss an extension of this result to closed Riemannian manifolds with analytic metrics. In particular, we show that a similar inequality holds but with the distance raised to a power that depends on the geometry. We also have examples which show that a greater power than two is sometimes necessary and that the analyticity condition is necessary.

This is joint work with O. Chodosh (Stanford) and L. Spolaor (UCSD).
D-dimer levels for Risk Stratification in Patients with Suspected COVID-19 – A Prospective Observational Study
Authors:   MD, Emergency Department, University Hospital Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland, Jauslin AS , Kellett J ,   Department of Emergency Medicine, ospital f South West Jutland, Esbjerg, Denmark, Brabrand M ,   Department of Emergency Medicine, ospital f South West Jutland, Esbjerg, Denmark, Simon NR ,   MD, Emergency Department, University Hospital Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland, Rueegg M ,   MD, Emergency Department, University Hospital Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland, Twerenbold R ,   MD, Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland, Osswald S ,   MD, Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland, Bassetti S ,   Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland, Tschudin-Sutter S ,   MD, Division of Infectious Disease & Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland, Siegemund M ,   MD, Department of Intensive Care, University Hospital Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland, Rentsch K ,   PhD, Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland, Bingisser R ,   MD, Emergency Department, University Hospital Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland, Nickel CH ,   Emergency Department, University Hospital of Basel, Switzerland.
Published: November 2021

Background: Elevated D-dimer levels have been observed in COVID-19 and are of prognostic value, but have not been compared to an appropriate control group. Methods: Observational cohort study including emergency patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19. Logistic regression defined the association of D-dimer levels, COVID-19 positivity, age, and gender with 30-day-mortality. Results: 953 consecutive patients (median age 58, 43% women) presented with suspected COVID-19: 12 (7.4%) patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2-infection died, compared with 28 (3.5%) patients without SARS-CoV-2-infection. Overall, most (56%) patients had elevated D-dimer levels (≥0.5mg/l). Age (OR 1.07, CI 1.05-1.10), D-dimer levels ≥0.5mg/l (OR 2.44, CI 0.98-7.39), and COVID-19 (OR 2.79, CI 1.28-5.80) were associated with 30-day-mortality. Conclusion: D-dimer levels are effective prognosticators in both patient groups.
CNS infection with a history of recurrent epistaxis: Streptococcal meningitis as a first presentation of juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma
Authors:   Acute Medicine, Arrowe Park Hospital, UK, Biart S , Shakeshaft M ,   Acute Medicine, Arrowe Park Hospital, UK, Joseph K ,   Acute Medicine, Arrowe Park Hospital, UK
Published: November 2021

An adolescent male with a history of recurrent epistaxis presented with headache and vomiting. Investigations revealed concurrent meningitis as well as the presence of a subarachnoid haemorrhage. Subsequent imaging identified a Juvenile Nasopharyngeal Angiofibroma; a rare but important cause of meningitis that should be considered in the young adult population.
Medier i hele kroppen: Når små børn bruger medier
Authors: Johansen Stine Liv
Published: November 2021

Små børn forholder sig fra en tidlig alder til både elektroniske medier, legetøj og merchandise i en kropslig og legende praksis. I denne artikel præsenteres resultater fra ph.d. afhandlingen Seere i bleer – små børns møde med medier. Artiklen vil især fokusere på, hvordan børnenes mediebrug kan forstås som en kropslig praksis, både på et individuelt og et socialt niveau via især tre perspektiver: for det første, at det lille barn, gennem sin kropslige væren i verden og sin sonderende attitude over for samme, er kontinuerligt opmærksom på medieflow, blandt andet via de auditive strukturmarkører i medietekster. For det andet reflekterer barnet det, det ser og hører, i sin krop, ved at afprøve rytmer og positurer og ved atforholde sig til genkendelige tegn på mediestil og – genre. Samtidig er det typisk at små børn er særligt interesserede i mediefigurernes kroppe og bevægelser. Og for det tredje fungerer kropslige aktiviteter og relationer som omdrejningspunkt for den sociale brug af medier i familien.
Vänskap, rörlighet och hemmakänsla: Vilken roll spelar bostadsområde och skola?
Authors: Van der Burgt Danielle
Published: November 2021

Denna artikel handlar om vilka förutsättningar barn mellan 11 och 15 år och från olika bostadsområden i en medelstor svensk stad har för att ta del av och känslomässigt knyta an till andra sociala och rumsliga miljöer. Detta görs genom att besvara frågor om var barn tillbringar sin tid när de inte går i skolan, var deras kompisar1 bor och var de känner sig hemma samt hur kopplingen till skolklassens upptagningsområden ser ut. Med hjälp av en dagboksstudie och en kartstudie visas att barnen faktiskt vistas en hel del tid på platser utanför sin omedelbara närmiljö och har möjlighet att ta del av och knyta an till dessa platser men att det finns skillnader mellan barn från olika bostadsområden. Det som framstår som den viktigaste mekanismen för hur den rumsliga utbredningen av barns vardagsliv ser ut är skolklassens upptagningsområde och indirekt skolans popularitet och rykte.
En brukerundersøkelse blant langtidsplasserte ungdommer i barneverninstitusjonene
Authors: Gautun Heidi
Published: November 2021

I denne artikkelen presenteres resultater fra den første landsomfattende brukerundersøkelsen som er gjennomført blant ungdom i norske barneverninstitusjoner. Følgende tre hovedproblemstillinger er belyst: 1) I hvilken grad ivaretas ungdommenes rettigheter mens de er på institusjon? 2) Utsettes ungdom for ulike former for overgrep i barneverninstitusjonene? 3)Hvordan beskriver ungdom det sosiale livet i og utenfor institusjonene? Halvparten av alle langtidsplasserte ungdommer i alderen 13 år og eldre svarte på spørreskjemaundersøkelsen høsten 2005. Resultatene viser et sammensatt bilde når det gjelder ivaretakelse av rettigheter på institusjon. Et stort flertall av ungdommene ga uttrykk for kvalitativt gode relasjoner til de ansatte i institusjonene, men noen få rapporterte at de er utsatt for ulike typer overgrep. Få opplever institusjonen som et lukket rom. De fleste oppga at ansatte i institusjonene stiller opp for dem i samarbeidet med skolen, og at ansatte hjelper dem med å delta i fritidsaktiviteter. Et stort flertall oppga at de hadde flere venner, både i og utenfor institusjon.
Hvad har du lært i skolen i dag? Familiekapital og skole på Færøerne
Authors: Gaini Firouz
Published: November 2021

Denne artikel undersøger relationen mellem familie- og folkeskoleinstitutionerne ud fra flere perspektiver med det formål at analysere hvilken betydning social kapital og familiekapital har i dagens senmoderne færøske samfund. Artiklen sætter fokus på social kommunikation, værdier og uddannelseskultur i skole og hjem for siden at definere nogle familiekategorier og hovedmønstre i det færøske samfund. Hvilke familier med hvilken familiekapital har de bedste muligheder hvad angår børnenes fremtidsudsigter?
Clothes for the Active, Playing Child in Sweden in the 1920s to 50s
Authors: Berggren Torell Viveka
Published: November 2021

.
Barns medvirkning i forskning om barns levekår
Authors: Tiller Per Olav
Published: November 2021

.
FÍSTULAS EM CIRURGIA BARIÁTRICA - ANÁLISE DAS LINHAS DE GRAMPEAMENTO
Authors: Weiss Marcelo Barros , Nunes Sergio Ibañez , Ibañez Thais Barros Corrêa , Aranha Gabriel Lunardi , Felga Luis Henrique Gonçalves
Published: November 2021

O presente estudo tem como objetivo verificar através de um estudo observacional das linhas de grampeamento em 284 pacientes no per e pós-operatório de cirurgia bariátrica submetidos à “by pass” simplificado de maneira sistematizada. A análise do estudo foi de 2012 à 2016 onde a idade dos pacientes variou entre 18 e 61 anos. Foram encontrados 17 pacientes com vazamento das linhas de sutura durante o “Blue test” no ato operatório e que foram sobresuturados e não fistulizaram no pós-operatório e em todos os outros da amostra não foram feitas linhas de sutura de reforço. Nos demais 267 pacientes 4 apresentaram fístula digestiva em anastomose gastrojejunal e todas por deiscência da sutura mecânica no final da linha de grampeamento da anastomose. Houve um óbito na amostra e os demais casos tiveram evolução satisfatória com período de internação que variou entre 15 e 36 dias usando nutrição parenteral total e cobertura com antibióticos, além de suporte intensivo.
ACIDENTES COM ANIMAIS PEÇONHENTOS E A ANÁLISE DA SAZONALIDADE DOS CASOS OCORRIDOS NO HOSPITAL PRONTO SOCORRO DE JUIZ DE FORA (HPS) - MG
Authors: Weiss Marcelo Barros , Nunes Sergio Ibañez , Ibañez Thais Barros Corrêa , Pires Caio de Almeida Toledo , Pereira Jordana Nascimento , Junqueira Mauro de Sousa
Published: November 2021

De acordo com o Sistema Nacional de Informações TóxicoFarmacológicas, em 2010, os acidentes por animais peçonhentos ocuparam o segundo lugar nos casos registrados de intoxicação humana, perdendo apenas para os casos de intoxicação por medicamentos. O objetivo da pesquisa é analisar estes eventos e os 7 últimos anos do atendimento a estes casos no Hospital Pronto Socorro de Juiz de Fora (HPS - JF) demonstrando suas principais sazonalidades no Serviço de Soroterapia. Trata-se de um estudo retrospectivo dos dados de atendimento de um Serviço de Soroterapia do ano de 2011 a 2017 e análise bibliográfica do Medline, Scielo, Ministério da Saúde e Organização Mundial da Saúde. No período estudado, dos 1488 atendimentos, foram realizadas 1192 atendimentos por animais peçonhentos sem administração de soro, representando 80,1% do total de casos e 256 atendimentos com soro específico, representando 19,9% do total de casos. Nos meses de março a abril, demonstrouse que existe um aumento no número de atendimentos na soroterapia do HPS, enquanto que há uma tendência a valores menores nos meses mais frios. Conclui-se que existe a necessidade de um protocolo de atendimento de feridas visando otimizar a utilização de vacinas e soros antitetânicos, propiciando economia ao sistema público.
APLICAÇÃO DA VENTILAÇÃO NÃO INVASIVA NO PÓS-OPERATÓRIO DE TRANSPLANTE HEPÁTICO PEDIÁTRICO
Authors: Silva Thiago Luciano Rodrigues da , Gonzáles Adriano Miziara , Azevedo Ramiro Anthero de , Vicentine Fernando Pompeu Piza , Oliveira Nilton Ferraro de , Netto Alcides Augusto Salzedas
Published: November 2021

O objetivo desta pesquisa é descrever o uso da ventilação não invasiva (VNI) em pacientes no pós-operatório de transplante hepático pediátrico. Para tal, realizou-se um estudo prospectivo realizado na Universidade Federal de São Paulo. Critérios de inclusão: pacientes (0-18anos) que evoluíram com quadro de insuficiência ventilatória aguda (IVA) após a extubação. Protocolo: VNI (bilevel) com os parâmetros: pressão inspiratória 8-12cmH2 O; pressão expiratória final 3-5cmH2 O; FR 8-12cpm. Variáveis coletadas antes e 2 horas após o início da VNI: FR, FC e SpO2 ; gasometria arterial; calculada as relações PaO2 / FiO2 , SpO2 /FiO2 , índice de oxigenação (IO2 ) e aplicada escala HACOR. Estudo aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética e Pesquisa da instituição. Foram inclusas 15 crianças que evoluíram com IVA, submetidas à VNI. Gasometria arterial 2hs após VNI (sucesso vs falha): pH 7,40 ± 0,05 vs 7,32 ± 0,09 (p=0,07); PaCO2 38,5 ± 16,24 vs 42,2 ± 10,76mmHg (p=0.162); PaO2 98,16 ± 21,65 vs 93,08 ± 53mmHg (p=0.801); Sinais vitais 2h após VNI (sucesso vs falha): FR 36,1 ± 12,1 vs 47 ± 20,89ipm (p=0.247); FC 126,11 ± 20,9 vs 122,2 ± 10,85bpm (p=0.706); Relação SpO2 / FiO2 antes e 2hs após VNI (grupo sucesso) 259,67 ± 89,64 vs 267,45 ± 90,63 (p=0.049); IO2 antes e 2hs após VNI (grupo sucesso) 8,70 ± 4,19 (p=0.039); Escala HACOR 2,3 ± 2,11 vs 7,80 ± 3,03 (p=0.001). Conclui-se que a escala HACOR foi preditora de falha da VNI após a segunda hora, com ponto de corte de 5. A melhora dos IO2 , relação SpO2 /FiO2 e escala HACOR tiveram relação com sucesso da VNI.
OS AVANÇOS DAS TÉCNICAS DE CURATIVOS E TRATAMENTOS DE ÚLCERAS DE PÉS DIABÉTICOS
Authors: Filho Edson Santana Gois , Santana Breno Wagner Paes , Neto Eduardo Vieira de Melo , Nascimento Mylenna Menezes Leite , Reis Nayra da Silva , Farias Rebeca Gonçalves , Oliveira Halley Ferraro , Azevedo Maria Regina Domingues de
Published: November 2021

A Diabetes Mellitus acomete e afeta a vida de milhares de pessoas pelo mundo, principalmente com as úlceras de pés diabéticos (DUFs, do inglês “Diabetic Foot Ulcers”) que são os agravos mais comuns da DM, interferindo drasticamente nas condições físicas e sociais dos doentes. Com base nesses conhecimentos, foi feita uma revisão de literatura nas bases de dados Scielo e PubMed com o objetivo de abordar as técnicas de tratamento e curativo das DUFs existentes na atualidade. Nos resultados foram encontradas técnicas que permeiam o uso de antibacterianos, aplicação de enxertos humanos, de outros animais e plantas, utilização de extratos de ervas naturais e uso de terapias com gases, basicamente. Por fim, pôde-se concluir que há a necessidade de mais estudos que aprofundem os conhecimentos acerca das técnicas já conhecidas e descubram novos métodos a fim de garantir o bem-estar dos doentes, reduzir custos e índices de morbimortalidade.