bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Living Labs: Knowledge Infrastructures to Forge a New Social Contract of Science?
Authors: John Stefan
Published: December 2024

Living Labs (LLs) are heralded as new and inclusive platforms for collective and transformative knowledge production and innovation management with actors from science, practice and society. This begs the question what kinds of social relations emerge between these actors especially as the leading institutions vary, in other words, whether LLs give rise to distinct knowledge infrastructures and new forms of social contracting (of science). A comparative analysis focusing on structural and power-related aspects of four LL case studies with different leading institutions (university, industry, city and civil society) show specific features of social ordering while performing social contracts with regard to the leading institution. The cases result, on the one hand, in rather closed off spaces in which science and innovation for and in society is enacted by technology-oriented industry and university LLs. These are embedded in and solve set problems for society. On the other hand, in less confined spaces science and innovation with and by society is conducted in city and civil society run LLs. Here, a more communal contracting towards defining and solving societal problems is established. A reflexive approach to structuring and governing LLs in practice and a more robust theoretical foundation would therefore be beneficial.
From Practice to Theory Gaps: a Roadmap from Case Studies Analysis on Living Labs
Authors: Della Santa Silvia , Tagliazucchi Giulia , Marchi Gianluca
Published: December 2024

Living Labs (LLs) have been defined as collaborative spaces, innovation management tools, or open innovation networks, used to develop and validate new products or services by involving different actors within a real-life context. Dealing with a phenomenon that only recently has been institutionalized, where framework theories have been identified after the practice has already emerged, the present paper identifies theory-practice gaps based on a thematic analysis of in-depth case studies focusing on LLs experiences. Results suggest five main gaps to be addressed within future research, related to theoretical frameworks fragmentation, the involvement of users, the need for a clearer definition of LLs, and of an evolutionary approach to their analysis, the identification of a suitable theory for the real-life setting.
How Circular Can We Legally Be? A Research Agenda for Adaptiveness to Close the Gap Between ‘Traditional’ Legal Concepts and Circular Innovation.
Authors: Batista-Pritchard Lívia Regina , Maitre-Ekern Eleónore , De Melo Cartaxo Tiago , R. P. Cipriano Tasso A. , Plaatjes Jamie , Montenegro Philipp
Published: December 2024

In this Letter, we aim to address a knowledge gap in the intersection, and boundaries, between law(s) and circular policies, business models, and practices. By exploring the existing literature and real-life examples across the world, this work provokes further research towards a deeper understanding of the necessary changes in the legal paradigm to enable circular innovation and achieve more circular and sustainable futures. Further research to address these gaps, particularly focussed on adaptiveness and resilience, can enrich our understanding of the challenges and opportunities in this evolving field.
Corporate AI Living Labs: A Structured Approach to Accelerating AI Adoption and Transforming Towards AI-Empowered Employees for Operational Excellence
Authors: Son Andrei , Apachite Corina , Petcu Alexandra , Schuurman Dimitri
Published: December 2024

The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into corporate environments becomes essential for enhancing efficiency, decision-making, and fostering innovation. While AI adoption has successfully optimized specific operational processes, the holistic deployment of AI aimed at empowering employees remains underdeveloped. This letter introduces the concept of the “AI Living Lab” within corporate environments, designed to accelerate AI adoption, foster innovation, and enhance employee productivity and satisfaction. The concept appeared as a response in Continental Automotive to the problem of faster adoption time and scaling of AI-Empowered Employee solutions inside the company. Through a current observation on the state of the art, Continental Automotive’s AI Living Lab as a case study, and identification of existing gaps, this letter suggests future research areas for a scalable AI Living Lab framework in corporate settings.
Faktor – Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Kelelahan Kerja Di Perusahaan Jasa Konstruksi PT. X
Authors: Melvira Jovita , Fauziah Munaya
Published: December 2024

Kelelahan kerja biasanya didefinisikan sebagai pengurangan kapasitas fungsional seseorang karena kelelahan yang ekstrem. Kelelahan dapat disebabkan oleh faktor-faktor yang mungkin terkait dengan pekerjaan, tidak terkait dengan pekerjaan, atau kombinasi keduanya dan dapat terakumulasi dari waktu ke waktu. Data dari International Labour Organitation (ILO) menyatakan sekitar 32% pekerja di dunia mengalami kelelahan akibat pekerjaan yang mereka lakukan. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kelelahan kerja di PT. X pada tahun 2021 Metode yang digunakan kuantitatif bersifat cross sectional dengan data primer melalui kuesioner  yang disebar melalui google form. Teknik pengambilan sample adalah total sampling. Adapun analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan uji statistic chi-square (α = 0,05) pada perangkat lunak statistic. Hasil uji bivariat menunjukkan bahwa lama tidur, waktu kerja, dan kebiasaan olahraga berhubungan dengan kelelahan kerja. Namun, variable status gizi, dan kebiasaan merokok tidak berhubungan dengan kelelahan kerja. Pekerja sebaiknya dapat mengatur waktu dengan baik agar waktu istirahat dapat tercukupi, disarankan membiasakan diri olahraga dan melakukan pergangan guna mengurangi kelelahan kerja. ---Work fatigue is usually defined as a reduction in a person's functional capacity due to extreme fatigue. Fatigue can be caused by factors that may be work-related, non-work-related, or a combination of both and can accumulate over time. Data from the International Labor Organization (ILO) states that around 32% of workers in the world experience fatigue due to the work they do. The purpose of this research is to determine the factors associated with work fatigue at PT. X in 2021 The quantitative method used is cross sectional with primary data through questionnaires distributed via Google Form. The sampling technique was total sampling, which was 43 respondents. The data analysis in this study used the chi-square statistical test (α = 0.05) on statistical software. The results of the bivariate test showed that sleep duration, working time, and exercise habits  were associated with work fatigue. However, the variable nutritional status, and smoking habits were not associated with work fatigue. Workers should be able to manage time well so that rest periods can be fulfilled, it is recommended to get used to have exercise habit and do stretching to reduce work fatigue
Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Kinerja Perawat di Instalasi Rawat Jalan Rumah Sakit Umum Kota Tangerang Selatan Tahun 2023
Authors: Kamila Shella Rahmadani , Fauziah Munaya
Published: December 2024

Kinerja yang baik dapat terlihat dari pelayanan kesehatan yang diberikan kepada pasien. Pelayanan rumah sakit menjadi bagian penting secara menyeluruh bagi pelayanan rumah sakit dan menjadi tolak ukur dari keberhasilan suatu pencapaian tujuan rumah sakit. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk melihat faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kinerja perawat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analitik desain studi cross-sectional. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Rumah Sakit Umum Tangerang Selatan. Sampel pada penelitian ini menggunakan total sampling dimana jumlah responden penelitian sama dengan populasi yaitu 37 responden. Berdasarkan hasil uji statistik dengan menggunakan uji korelasi didapatkan hasil terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara keterampilan, kompensasi, dan beban kerja terhadap kinerja perawat. Diharapkan rumah sakit dapat mengambil kebijakan mengenai kinerja perawat, sehingga perawat dapat meningkatkan kinerja mereka. Good performance can be seen in the health services provided to patients. Hospital services are an important part of overall hospital services and are a benchmark for the success of achieving hospital goals. The aim of this research is to look at factors related to nurse performance. This research uses analytical methods and a cross-sectional study design. This research was carried out at the South Tangerang General Hospital. The sample in this study used total sampling where the number of research respondents was the same as the population, namely 37 respondents. Based on the results of statistical tests using correlation tests, it was found that there was a significant relationship between skills, compensation and workload on nurse performance. It is hoped that hospitals can adopt policies regarding nurse performance so that nurses can improve their performance.
Pengaruh Ukuran Agregat Kasar dan Rasio Semen Terhadap Pasir Pada Kuat Tekan Pre-Placed Aggregate Concrete
Authors: Ngudiyono Ngudiyono , Murtiadi Suryawan , Kencanawati Ni Nyoman , Merdana I Nyoman , Mahmud Fathmah , Sulistyowati Tri , Aprilia Uswatun
Published: December 2024

Pre-placed aggregate concrete (PAC) merupakan beton yang diproduksi dengan cara menempatkan agregat kasar dalam cetakan terlebih dahulu kemudian bahan grouting atau mortar diinjeksikan ke dalam rongga-rongga di antara agregat kasar tersebut. Salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi volume rongga adalah ukuran agregat kasar yang digunakan. Pada penelitian ini telah dikaji pengaruh ukuran agregat kasar dan rasio semen terhadap pasir pada kuat tekan PAC. Penelitian ini menggunakan agregat kasar ukuran 38 mm, 30 mm, dan 20 mm dan sebagai bahan grouting adalah mortar dengan variasi perbandingan semen terhadap pasir (S/P) 2, 1.33, 1, 0.8, 0.67. Benda uji kubus ukuran 5 x 5 x 5 cm sebanyak 15 buah  untuk mengetahui kuat tekan mortar dan benda uji PAC berbentuk kubus ukuran 15 x 15 x 15 cm sebanyak 45 buah dibuat untuk mengetahui kuat tekan PAC. Metode grouting yang digunakan dalam pembuatan benda uji yaitu manual pumping.  Hasil pengujian PAC menunjukkan bahwa nilai kuat tekan tertinggi pada agregat kasar ukuran 38 mm dengan S/P = 2 sebesar 56.32 MPa, sedangkan, kuat tekan terendah pada pada agregat kasar ukuran 20 mm dengan S/P = 0.67 sebesar 34.68 MPa. Dari hasil tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan agregat kasar dengan ukuran yang lebih besar dan dengan semen lebih banyak dapat meningkatkan kuat tekan PAC.
PENGARUH LATIHAN PASSING MENGGUNAKAN TARGET TERHADAP HASIL AKURASI PASSING DALAM PERMAINAN FUTSAL PESERTA DIDIK EKSTRAKULIKULER SMK SETIA NEGARA
Authors: Lubis Randa Dwi Nauval , Ghani M. Al , Aspar Muhammad
Published: December 2024

This writing is motivated by the results of students' badminton training that have not been maximized, so researchers are moved to examine what causes the results of passing exercises that have not been maximized and put forward improvements by using target passing exercises. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of targeting passing exercises on the results of passing accuracy in futsal games for extracurricular students at Setia Negara Vocational School, when participating in extracurricular activities. The technique used is an experimental model, and the hypothesis is the result of the passing accuracy of the futsal extracurricular students at Setia Negara Vocational School who are influenced by target passing exercises. The results of the calculations which show the calculation of the t-test -3.058 > -t table -0.000 and a significance of 0.0001 > 0.05, clearly shows that there is no significant difference in the results of the accuracy of passing futsal extracurricular students at SMK Setia Negara using passing exercises target. Thus it can be said that passing exercises use targets for the results of passing accuracy in futsal games for extracurricular students at SMK Setia Negara. Principals, teachers, parents and students, as well as future researchers, are expected to benefit from the findings of this study.  Key words: Passing Using Target, Accuracy Results
PENGARUH LATIHAN DRILL DAN LATIHAN BERBASIS PERMAINAN TERHADAP PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN PASSING BAWAH EKSTRAKURIKULER BOLA VOLI PUTRI
Authors: Setiawan Alfan Dwi
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh belum mampu nya pemain bola voli SMPN 1 Sukalarang dalam melakukan passing bawah sehingga pada saat akan melakukan operan bola sering kali tidak terarah yang mengakibatkan bola keluar lapangan dan tidak sampai ke area lapangan musuh. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh latihan drill dan latihan berbasis permainan terhadap peningkatan kemampuan passing bawah bola voli. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kuantitatif dan menggunakan metode pre-eksperimental. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu ketepatan passing bawah (brumbach) dengan menggunakan sampel pemain voli SMPN 1 Sukalarang sebanyak 20 orang. Teknik sampel dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik total sampling. Penelitian dilakukan di lapangan SMPN 1 Sukalarang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa latihan drill dan latihan berbasis permainan di ekstrakurikuler bola voli diperoleh kesimpulan latihan drill dan latihan berbasis permainan dapat meningkatkan kemampuan passing bawah bola voli dan latihan drill lebih signifikan dalam meningkatkan kemampuan passing bawah bola voli di ekstrakurikuler bola voli putri SMP Negeri 1 Sukalarang di bandingkan dengan latihan berbasis permainan.
Formulasi Cookies Sumber Zat Besi dengan Penambahan Tepung Daun Kelor dan Tepung Sorgum sebagai Kudapan Alternatif Pencegah Anemia Remaja Putri
Authors: Azzahra Anisa , Suryaalamsah Inne Indraaryani
Published: December 2024

Latar Belakang: Prevalensi anemia gizi pada remaja menurut data Riskesdas pada tahun 2013 adalah 37,1% lalu meningkat pada tahun 2018 menjadi 48,9%, salah satu akibat terjadinya anemia adalah kurang mengonsumsi pangan sumber zat besi, pangan yang kaya akan zat besi diantaranya tanaman kelor dengan Fe yang terkandung sebesar 6,0 mg/100gr dan sorgum 5,4 mg/100gr. Produk pangan yang dikembangkan dengan tambahan tepung kelor dan tepung sorgum sebagai pangan alternatif pencegah anemia pada remaja putri adalah cookies. Tujuan: Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui mutu organoleptik dan kandungan gizi cookies  dengan penambahan tepung daun kelor dan tepung sorgum sebagai kudapan alternatif pencegah anemia remaja putri. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi eksperimental dengan metode Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) satu kontrol dan tiga perlakuan yang diujikan kepada 32 orang panelis semi terlatih. Analisis data menggunakan uji Kruskal Wallis dan uji lanjut Mann-Whitney. Hasil: hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa formula terpilih dalam penelitian ini adalah formula 1 (F1) yang paling banyak disukai panelis, dengan subtitusi tepung daun kelor 3,3% dan tepung sorgum 26,7%. Kandungan gizi kadar abu 1,23%, kadar air 3,82%, energi 466,33 kkal, protein 8,11%, lemak 17,31%, karbohidrat 69,52%, dan zat besi sebesar 4,08 mg. Simpulan: Formulasi cookies pada penelitian ini sudah dapat memenuhi 15% ALG zat besi bagi remaja putri dengan kandungan zat besi sebesar 4,08 mg/100gr.
Hubungan Pengetahuan Gizi Ibu dan Screen Time dengan Kebiasaan Jajan pada Balita
Authors: Zogara Asweros Umbu , Pantaleon Maria Goreti , Nur Astuti , Nita Maria Helena Dua , Sine Juni Gressilda L. , Adi Anak Agung Ayu Mirah
Published: December 2024

Latar Belakang: Konsumsi jajanan dilakukan oleh semua individu, termasuk balita. Konsumsi jajanan secara berlebihan akan berdampak pada kesehatan. Faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan konsumsi jajanan pada balita adalah pengetahuan gizi ibu dan screen time. Ibu berpengetahuan gizi baik cenderung memberikan makanan yang sehat dan bergizi kepada anaknya. Penggunaan screen time yang lama akan meningkatkan konsumsi jajanan. Tujuan: menganalisis hubungan pengetahuan gizi ibu dan screen time dengan kebiasaan jajan pada balita. Metode: Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kota Kupang pada bulan Maret sampai Juni 2023. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah balita berumur 24-59 bulan berjumlah 366 orang. Data penelitian dianalisis menggunakan uji chi square. Hasil: Pengetahuan gizi ibu masih kurang (56,6%) dan screen time pada balita cukup tinggi, yaitu ≥2 jam per hari (77,9%). Hasil uji statistik menunjukkan ada hubungan yang signifikan antara pengetahuan gizi ibu dan screen time dengan kebiasaan jajan pada balita (p value = 0,000). Simpulan: Ada hubungan signifikan antara pengetahuan gizi ibu dan screen time dengan kebiasaan jajan pada balita.
Hubungan Antara Aktivitas Fisik dan Konsumsi Fast Food dengan Status Gizi Siswa di SMK Al-Hidayah Jakarta Selatan
Authors: Fitria Fitria , Khoirunnisa Siti , Furqon Mohammad
Published: December 2024

Latar Belakang: Aktivitas fisik yang rendah dan sering mengonsumsi fast food menyebabkan peningkatan risiko gizi lebih. Hingga saat ini masih banyak remaja yang memiliki masalah gizi lebih. Tujuan: Studi ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kaitan antara aktivitas fisik dan konsumsi fast food dengan status gizi siswa di SMK Al-Hidayah Jakarta Selatan tahun 2022. Metode: Studi ini menggunakan desain studi potong lintang pada 60 siswa kelas X dan XI di SMK Al-Hidayah yang diambil secara proportional random sampling. Pengukuran antropometri (berat badan dan tinggi badan) digunakan untuk pengambilan data variabel status gizi dengan indeks IMT/U. Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) digunakan untuk pengambilan data variabel pola konsumsi fast food, sedangkan Physical Activity Level (PAL) digunakan untuk pengambilan data variabel aktivitas fisik. Analisis data menggunakan uji chi square. Hasil: Hasil studi menunjukkan responden dengan status gizi normal sebanyak 50%, aktivitas fisik berat sebanyak 45%, dan jarang konsumsi fast food sebanyak 61,7%. Hasil uji chi square menunjukkan bahwa ada kaitan antara aktivitas fisik (p value 0,009) dan konsumsi fast food (p value 0,003) dengan status gizi siswa. Simpulan: Ada kaitan antara aktivitas fisik dan konsumsi fast food dengan status gizi siswa di SMK Al-Hidayah.
Correlation between Gender and Occupation with Severity of Stress, Depression, and Anxiety during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Apsari Putu Indah Budi , ATWN Anak Agung Sagung , Suryanditha Putu Arya , Widhidewi Ni Wayan , Wijaya Made Indra
Published: December 2024

Background: Mental health was a severe problem among tourism workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Purposes: This study aimed to determine the correlation of gender and occupation with the level of depression, anxiety, and stress during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This research used a cross-sectional analytic study to recruit subjects grouped into tourism and non-tourism workers. This research took place in Bali province during the July-August 2023 period. Level of depression, anxiety, and stress score was assessed using Depression, Anxiety, Stress Score (DASS) questionnaires by the Google form sheet and analyzed by Chi-square test with SPSS version 27. Result: A total of 138 subjects consisting of 32 (23.2%) males and 106 (76.8%) females, 127 (92.0%) tourism workers, and 11 (8.0%) non-tourism workers. There was a positive correlation between occupation and level of depression, anxiety, and stress, while there was no significant correlation found in gender. Conclusion: Occupation in the tourism sector correlated with the severity of stress, depression, and anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Uncovering the Enolase Gene (eno) and Its Role in Biofilm Formation in Clinical Isolates of Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Setiabudy Marta , Widhidewi Ni Wayan , Wijaya Putu Austin Widyasari , Santoso Putu Nia Calista , Suryawan Kadek
Published: December 2024

Background: Enolase is an enzyme potentially possessed by Staphylococcus aureus (S.aureus) bacteria, which holds essential virulence factors in human infections. The eno gene that encodes enolase is important in attachment to host cells, leading to biofilm formation, evasion of host immune response, and bacterial central metabolism. This biofilm formation might complicate the therapy. Purposes: This study aimed to assess the prevalence of the enolase gene, namely eno, in clinical isolates of S.aureus and its association with biofilm production. Methods: The research was conducted from December 1, 2023, to February 29, 2024, at the Faculty of Medicine and Health Science Research Laboratory, Warmadewa University. This study employed an analytical approach with a cross-sectional design. Result: The collected samples comprised 18 isolates of S.aureus, 66.6% of which produced biofilm. Most of the S.aureus clinical isolates 17 (94.4%) were detected to have the eno gene. Six samples (33.3%) formed weak biofilm followed by strong and moderate, with the same number of 3 isolates each (16.7%). No correlation between the enolase gene and biofilm production in this study suggested phenotypic heterogeneity, environment and time forming biofilm in vivo differences, and various other genes that influence biofilm formation. Conclusion: The high prevalence of the enolase gene in these clinical isolates indicates the potential for more severe infections in patients related to its adherence, which leads to biofilm and resistance problems and metabolic function.
Implementasi Kebijakan Usaha Menengah, Kecil, dan Mikro (UMKM) di Malaysia
Authors: Zahrah Annisa
Published: December 2024

Keberadaan Usaha Menengah, Kecil, dan Mikro (UMKM) merupakan salah satu aspek terpenting dalam tata kelola nasional. Banyak orang memandang UMKM sebagai salah satu penggerak penopang perekonomian negara. Pelaksanaan kegiatan UMKM tentunya dibutuhkan dorongan dari pemerintah agar kondusifnya pelaksanaan UMKM. Penulis berfokus pada kondisi dan keadaan dalam penerapan implementasi kebijakan pengembangan UMKM di Malaysia dalam mengembangakn usahanya serta di sisi lain UMKM memiliki kontribusi besar dalam pertumbuhan ekonomi negara. Penelitian yang menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif library research dengan Teknik pengumpulan data melalui Artikel jurnal, repositori, dan pemantauan media online yang dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode pengumpulan data kepustakaan sehingga data-data yang dikumpulkan diperiksa kembali serta dihubungkan dengan informasi lainnya. Temuan yang diperoleh penulis ialah pemerintah telah membuat regulasi tentang pengembangan UMKM yang dikelola melalui koordinasi dengan berbagai pihak, melakukan strategi pemberdayaan UMKM dengan sasaran jangka Panjang serta melakukan pengawasan terhadap berlakunya pelaksanaan kemitraan antar UMKM. Kebijakan tersebut memiliki tujuan untuk memberdayakan usaha kecil yang dimaksudkan untuk membantu usaha kecil tumbuh dan berkembang serta meningkatkan pertumbuhan ekonomi masyarakat melalui strategi pemberdayaan UMKM.
PROGRAM METOSOA (MENANAM OBAT BERSAMA ORANG TUA) DI TK PEMBINA DI PONTIANAK SELATAN
Authors: Sulistyowati Cicik
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas dan manfaat program METOSOA (Menanam Obat Bersama Orang Tua) di TK Pembina Pontianak Selatan. Pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif digunakan untuk mendapatkan pemahaman yang mendalam mengenai pelaksanaan dan dampak program ini. Subjek penelitian adalah orang tua dan anak-anak yang berpartisipasi dalam program, dipilih secara purposive sampling. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa partisipasi aktif orang tua dalam program METOSOA tidak hanya meningkatkan keterlibatan mereka dalam pendidikan anak, tetapi juga memperkuat hubungan emosional antara orang tua dan anak. Pendekatan pembelajaran berbasis alam yang diterapkan dalam program ini memungkinkan peserta untuk memperoleh pemahaman mendalam tentang tanaman obat dan proses perawatannya. Program ini juga memberikan pendidikan holistik tentang kesehatan dan lingkungan, membantu peserta memahami keterkaitan antara kesehatan individu, kelestarian lingkungan, dan penggunaan tanaman obat tradisional. Tantangan dalam implementasi program seperti keterbatasan partisipasi orang tua dan sumber daya sekolah dapat diatasi dengan peningkatan komunikasi dan penyediaan sumber daya yang memadai. Secara keseluruhan, program METOSOA berhasil memberikan manfaat signifikan dalam pendidikan praktis dan emosional anak, serta memperkuat hubungan keluarga, dan diharapkan dapat diimplementasikan di sekolah lain untuk memberikan manfaat serupa. Kata Kunci: program METOSOA, pendidikan anak usia dini
Personal Income Tax reform in Russia: Analysis and assessment
Authors: KOZMENKOVA Svetlana V. , RACHINSKII Aleksandr V.
Published: December 2024

Subject. This article discusses the 2024 tax reform in the field of taxation of individuals in Russia.
Objectives. The article aims to analyze and assess the changes in the tax legislation of Russia made to the Tax Code of the Russian Federation, as well as proposals on this topic from the scientific community.
Methods. For the study, we used analysis and synthesis.
Results. Based on the analysis of changes in the Personal Income Tax introduced from January 1, 2025 in Russia, the article identifies problems related to rates and benefits, and makes certain proposals for further improvement of this tax.
Conclusions and Relevance. Tax reform in Russia requires further continuation, taking into account the subsistence minimum, calculations for each taxpayer individually and the further use of digital technologies. The results of the study can be applied in the theory and practice of finance, taxes and taxation, and financial control.
Promising areas of scientific and technological transformation of the world's largest economies
Authors: LUBNINA Alsu A.
Published: December 2024

Subject. The article addresses indicators characterizing the level of scientific and technological development of the world's major economies as of 2023.
Objectives. The purpose is to examine trends and promising areas of scientific and technological transformation of the world's largest economies within the framework of global relevant concepts.
Methods. The study employs methods of descriptive statistics, correlation and regression analysis, with the construction of a dendrogram of distribution of countries into clusters by the Ward's method. The statistical databases of the World Bank for 2022–2023 served as an information base.
Results. The paper presents an overview of popular areas of domestic and foreign research within the topic under consideration, determines the circle of the largest economies in the world by the largest volume of GDP at purchasing power parity, assesses the level of scientific and technological development of the world's largest economies, defines the key parameters of scientific and technological transformation, and classifies countries by level of development based on methods of economic and mathematical modeling, provides a developed conceptual model of global scientific and technological transformation.
Conclusions. The findings are of interest to government-specific governance structures and can be integrated into programs for scientific and technological transformation of industry within the framework of global concepts, taking into account potential spillover effects expressed in the form of expanding opportunities for diversification and commercialization of domestic research and development.
Analyzing the conceptual framework of the climate policy of the Russian Federation in comparison with global trends
Authors: KOLESNIKOVA Anastasiya V.
Published: December 2024

Subject. The article considers the conceptual framework of the climate policy of the Russian Federation.
Objectives. The focus is on the comprehensive review of the main targets of Russia’s climate policy and their comparison with key global trends.
Methods. The study rests on general scientific research methods.
Results. The paper established that the climate policy of the Russian Federation as a whole corresponds to the general global trends. Currently, Russia has identified the key cross-sectoral and sectoral targets for reducing greenhouse gas emissions, created its legislative and regulatory framework, and developed a system of system-wide and sectoral measures.
Conclusions. The system of targets adopted in the Russian Federation to reduce greenhouse gas emissions generally corresponds to global trends. It is aimed at both the conversion of key greenhouse gas emitting industries to low-carbon technologies and the creation of a climate asset.
Detecting fraudulent credit card transactions using artificial intelligence: A methodology
Authors: NAZAROV Dmitrii M.
Published: December 2024

Subject. This article discusses the use of modern machine learning methods to identify suspicious transactions and prevent financial losses in the banking sector.
Objectives. The article aims to conduct a comparative analysis of modern machine learning methods used to identify fraudulent transactions with credit cards in order to identify the most effective approaches that can be implemented in the practice of banks to improve the accuracy and automation of the fraud detection process.
Methods. The proposed methodology involves comparing various machine learning algorithms to select the most effective one to ensure the accuracy and reliability of anti-fraud systems for the purpose of automated detection of fraudulent credit card transactions. The study examined key machine learning algorithms used in fraud detection tasks, such as neural networks and Random Forest, as well as pre-processing and class balancing methods. The models were trained and tested on real banking data obtained from the Kaggle platform and including 30 predictors and more than 25,000 records. The effectiveness of the algorithms was assessed based on metrics such as AUC-ROC curves.
Results. The results of the study show that algorithms based on artificial neural networks and the Random Forest algorithm provide high accuracy in detecting fraudulent transactions. It is found that the combination of these methods with various data pre-processing techniques can significantly increase the effectiveness of anti-fraud systems. In particular, the use of SMOTE significantly improves the accuracy of predictions for the minority class.
Relevance. The proposed methodology can be successfully used in the banking sector to increase the reliability of anti-fraud systems. The results obtained may be useful for further improving automated fraud detection systems and minimizing financial losses associated with fraudulent transactions.
Trends in the global green bond market
Authors: RATNER Svetlana V.
Published: December 2024

Subject. The article considers green bonds as one of innovative financial instruments used to finance environmentally friendly projects, and development trends in this market.
Objectives. The purpose of this study is to analyze the dynamics of the global green bond market and factors that have the greatest impact on it. Climate Bond Initiative (CBI) analytical reviews for 2018–2023 served as the information base of the study.
Methods. The study employs methods of descriptive statistics and time series analysis. The methodology under which bonds are identified as green bonds is based on the Climate Bonds Standard (CBS v4).
Results. The overall dynamics of the global green bond market over the entire period of its existence is well described by an upward linear trend. At the same time, the situation varies significantly by region. The Russian green bond market is still underdeveloped. In terms of cumulative issuance volumes, Russia lags significantly behind its BRICS partners, not only China and India, but also Brazil and South Africa.
Conclusions. In recent years, other types of financial instruments, primarily social and sustainable development bonds, have started to develop actively in the field of ESG investments. These types of financial innovations demonstrate high efficiency in solving various kinds of complex social problems with negative environmental consequences.
Factors affecting the financial literacy of the population
Authors: TESLENKO Irina B. , MASLAKOVA Dar’ya O.
Published: December 2024

Subject. This article discusses the issues of financial literacy of the population.
Objectives. The article aims to reveal and supplement the factors affecting the financial literacy of the population.
Methods. For the study, we used a review of domestic and foreign literature and analytical materials, and a statistical analysis.
Results. Based on the analysis of the existing factors influencing financial literacy, the article supplements the existing classification of factors affecting the financial literacy of the population with two classification groups, namely by level of management and degree of influence on financial literacy.
Conclusions. Gradual, step-by-step training in the basics of financial literacy is the easiest way to improve the level of financial literacy of the population. Identifying factors that affect financial literacy will help use the necessary tools for developing new skills. The proposal of new groups meets the requirements of a systematic approach and makes it possible to expand the classification due to those factors that are important for the population.
Assessing the corporate governance risk impact on the borrowed capital price in investing
Authors: ZHALNIN Vasilii V.
Published: December 2024

Subject. This article deals with the construction of an econometric model for predicting the investor's discount when providing financing to non-public small and medium-sized businesses.
Objectives. The article aims to identify corporate governance risks that are significant for a potential investor, and assess the impact of the probability of their occurrence on the investor's discount when providing financing for the implementation of an investment project, as well as build an econometric model for predicting the amount of such a discount.
Methods. For the study, I used complex, systems analyses, as well as correlation and regression analysis using the Microsoft Excel spreadsheet editor.
Results. The article identifies the most significant corporate governance risks for a potential investor and assesses the impact of the probability of their occurrence on the investor's discount when providing financing for the implementation of an investment project. The article also presents an econometric model for predicting the level of such a discount.
Conclusions and Relevance. Quantifying the impact of corporate governance risk probabilities on the investor's financing rebate helps understand which of these risks are most significant to the investor and, accordingly, should be managed in order to mitigate them. The theoretical significance of the work lies in the substantiation of the possibility of using quantitative methods for assessing and modeling the impact of the probabilities of corporate governance risks on the price of borrowed capital. The practical significance of the study lies in the possibility of using the proposed model in the activities of Russian non-public companies to reduce the price of borrowed capital. The results of the study can be used by managers and owners of Russian non-public small and medium-sized businesses to reduce the cost of borrowed capital in the implementation of investment projects by managing corporate risks that are significant for the investor.
Neoliberal economic policies in Venezuela and Argentina as a way to combat structural inflation: Results and prospects
Authors: GREBENSHCHIKOV Il’ya V.
Published: December 2024

Subject. This article analyzes neoliberal economic policies in Venezuela and Argentina as a tool to combat structural inflation.
Objectives. The article aims to assess the effectiveness of neoliberal economic reforms in stabilizing economies and reducing inflation.
Methods. For the study, I used a comparative analysis.
Results. The article finds that despite short-term successes in reducing inflation, neoliberal reforms have often been accompanied by social costs, such as rising inequality and cuts in government spending on social programs.
Conclusions and Relevance. The article highlights the need for a comprehensive approach that combines neoliberal measures with social protection mechanisms, which can contribute to long-term economic stability. The use of the results of the study involves the development of recommendations for countries with similar economic problems.
Effect of non-invasive fractional photothermolysis on the efficacy of transdermal photosensitization in the experiment in vivo
Authors: Chernopyatov D. I. , Bgatova N. P. , Nikonov S. D. , Nimaev V. V.
Published: December 2024

In an in vivo pilot study, the efficiency of noninvasive fractional laser photothermolysis (NFLP) as a transdermal system for application photosensitization of mouse skin before photodynamic therapy (PDT) was studied. For NFLP, a laser (λ = 970 nm) with an average power of 4 W and a pulse frequency of 50 Hz was used. An area of the skin of the anterior abdominal wall of mice was irradiated. After NFLP, a photosensitizer (PS) based on chlorin e6 in the form of a gel (0.5%) was applied to the skin with an application time of 30 min. Then, laser PDT (λ = 662 nm) was performed with a power of 2 W in a scanning pulse-periodic mode with a frequency of 5 Hz and a light spot area on the skin of 1.2 mm². The results of histological examination, confocal and electron microscopy showed the features of transdermal distribution of chlorin e6 after NFLP. PS fluoresces in all skin layers and the subcutaneous fat layer, indicating its deep penetration into the hypodermis after NFLP compared to conventional cutaneous application. The advantages of NFLP as a transport system for successful penetration of the gel form of chlorin e6 through all skin layers are demonstrated. Electron microscopy showed transdermal transport of PS in the form of nanosized microspheres and particles absorbed by macrophages and fibroblasts. It was also shown for the first time that pulsed PDT after NFLP leads to the formation of nanosized foci of photodestruction up to the border of the reticular layer of the skin and the hypodermis.
Clinical and Subclinical Characteristics in Adults with Acute Ischemic Stroke Before Revascularization at E Hospital
Authors: Hong nhung Pham Thi , Minh Quang Bui , The Quang Vi , Xuan Dieu Pham , Ngoc Vinh Yen Nguyen , Thi Le Hang Do , My Dung Ho , Thi Nguyet Nguyen , Thao Nguyen Phan
Published: December 2024

The study aimed to analyze clinical characteristics, subclinical features, risk factors, and causes in patients with acute ischemic stroke before revascularization at E Hospital. Research method: The descriptive study with retrospective and prospective data on 81 patients with acute ischemic stroke before revascularization admitted to E Hospital from November 2020 to April 2023. Results: The mean age of patients was 65 ± 13 years old. The male/female ratio was 1.3/1. 80.2% of the patients were admitted to the Emergency Department less than 3 hours after the onset of symptoms. At admission, the mean Glasgow and National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores were 14.0 ± 1.4 and 11.3 ± 5.3, respectively. On the brain Computerized Tomography (CT) scan of an ischemic stroke, the mean Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score (ASPECT) score for the cerebral artery blood supply area was 9.16 ± 0.92. Risk factors for stroke commonly included hypertension (64.2%), previous ischemic stroke (22.2%), diabetes (14.8%), and smoking (9.9%). Classification of causes of ischemic stroke according to Trial of ORG 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment (TOAST): small vessel disease (35.9%), large atherosclerosis artery (22.2%), cardiac embolism (16.0%), and stroke of undetermined source (25.9%). Conclusion: Most patients with acute ischemic stroke were admitted to the hospital in a conscious state with a moderate level of stroke. Most patients with an ASPECT score above 8 had a good prognosis of treatment. Some paraclinical features, such as glucose, LDL-cholesterol, and triglyceride, remained high. The cause of acute ischemic stroke was noted to be caused by small vessel diseases. ASPECT and the time for onset to the hospital were not statistically significant.
The possibilities of improvement of sowing and yield qualities of seeds of sunflower line by means of agricultural methods
Authors:   V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops, Bushnev A.S. , Gridnev A.K. ,   V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops, Mamyrko Yu.V. ,   V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops, Kurilova D.A. ,   V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops
Published: December 2024

In 2023–2024, we determined the possibility of improving the sowing and yield properties of the seeds of the maternal form of sunflower through agricultural practices (fertilizers, seeding rates, as well as chemical and biological plant protection products) in the breeding plot of the line. The object of the study was the CMS line VK1-klp A, which is the maternal form of the sunflower hybrid Klip. The research was conducted under field and laboratory conditions at V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops according to generally accepted methods. It was found that the agricultural practices applied on the breeding plot mainly did not have a significant effect on the seed yield and yield structure. But for some of its elements in some variants there was a positive growth dynamic in comparison with the control (on the head diameter – by 1.4 cm, number and weight of filled seeds in the head – by 110–152 pieces and 6.7–9.6 g, thousand-seed weight – 6.2–6.7 g). The highest yield was obtained when fertilizers were used together with chemical plant protection products – 1.25 t/ha, as well as in the case of using only fertilizers – 1.18 t/ha. The phytopathological examination of seeds showed that the highest percentage (94.7 %) of healthy seedlings was recorded in the mean cali-brated fraction of seeds. The grown seeds of the ma-ternal form were characterized by high laboratory (92-100 %) and field (92-93 %) germination rates. The agricultural practices used in the experiment are effective elements of technology, providing seeds with high indicators of the sowing and yield properties of the maternal form VK1-klp A of the sunflower hybrid Klip.
Issues of improving fire safety of wooden churches
Authors:   State Fire Academy of EMERCOM of Russia, ABASHKIN Aleksander A. , MUSLAKOVA Svetlana V. ,   All-Russian Research Institute for Fire Protection of EMERCOM of Russiа, PRISADKOV Vladimir I. ,   All-Russian Research Institute for Fire Protection of EMERCOM of Russiа, ULICHEV Sergey V. ,   EMERCOM of Russiа in the Republic of Karelia,, FADEEV Victor E. ,   Department of Supervisory Activities and Preventive Work of the EMERCOM of Russiа, KHODOS Aleksander V. ,   Fund for the conservation and development of the Solovetsky archipelago
Published: December 2024

Purpose. Based on the generalization of the results of long-term studies, the possibilities of protecting wooden churches from fires; detecting and extinguishing fire sources; ensuring safety of churchgoers in case of fire in conditions of limited resources are shown. Typical issues of ensuring fire safety of wooden cultural monuments are considered on the example of a unique monument of wooden architecture in Russia – the Assumption Cathedral in the town of Kem, Republic of Karelia, a parish church available to visitors.
Methods. The tasks have been solved on the basis of the comprehensive examination of the church by experts and the analysis of fire safety state of the facility by fire prevention and extinguishment specialists. The criterion for ensuring fire safety is the fulfillment of the requirement on ensuring the normative value of the individual fire risk. Measures on fire protection of the church have been proposed, taking into account the experience of national and foreign developments in the field of fire safety at cultural heritage sites.
Findings. The causes of the increased fire hazard of the wooden church in the town of Kem have been established and recommendations have been made for ensuring fire safety of the church. The recommendations for ensuring fire safety of the Assumption Cathedral have been made. To minimize the cost of adapting the facility to the modern use, options for fire protection of the church are given. Options for building construction and fire prevention are compared with engineering means of fire extinguishment, taking into account the features of historical wooden buildings.
Research application field. A set of fire prevention measures makes it possible to establish a rational fire protection system of the facility based on the variant design and taking into account certain criteria. Recommendations can be considered as typical providing the required level of fire safety of religious facilities of wooden architecture.
Conclusions. Recommendations have been made on
a system of firefighting measures for protecting cultural heritage facilities of federal significance of the Russian peoples.
Model of conducting operational inspection of fire and rescue units
Authors:   State Fire Academy of EMERCOM of Russia, ARISTARKHOV Vladimir A. , SPORYAGIN Evgeny Yu. ,   The Main Directorate of EMERCOM of Russia in the Ryazan region, LEVOV Nikolai N. ,   State Fire Academy of EMERCOM of Russia
Published: December 2024

Purpose. The article is devoted to conducting operational inspections of fire and rescue units by officials of fire and rescue garrisons. The existing model of conducting operational inspection of fire and rescue units that are part of the Ryazan fire and rescue garrison is described and a new one is proposed. In order to ensure possibility of data processing automation, the results of inspecting units of Ryazan fire and rescue garrison in 2022–2023 were formalized and summarized. Fields description and examples of using the created database of inspection results are provided. A new gradation of assessing combat readiness of fire and rescue units based on the results of operational inspections is proposed. The indicators influencing combat readiness of fire and rescue units are determined, their weighted assessment is made according to the degree of influence. The condition of a fire and rescue unit is readiness formulated. A description of the database of inspection results of fire and rescue units developed during the study is presented.
Methods. To build models the study used business processes modeling method with BPMN notation. For data processing formalization and data analysis methods were used.
Findings. A new model for conducting operational inspections of fire and rescue units based on using information technologies is proposed. The database of the results of operational inspections of fire and rescue units is developed.
Research application field. The obtained results can be used in practical activities of management bodies of fire and rescue garrisons when drafting managerial decisions on ensuring fire and rescue units combat readiness, and can also serve as a basis for constructing various models for predicting fire and rescue units response effectiveness.
Conclusions. Information technologies use in managing activities of fire and rescue garrisons allows increasing efficiency and quality of solving problems related to ensuring fire and rescue units combat readiness, as well as reducing officials workload when drafting relevant managerial decisions.