bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Managing compliance with the World Anti-Doping Code: China’s strategies and their implications
Authors: Tan Tien-Chin , Bairner Alan , Chen Yu-Wen
Published: October 2018

With the problems of doping in sport becoming more serious, the World Anti-Doping Code was drafted by the World Anti-Doping Agency in 2003 and became effective one year later. Since its passage, the Code has been renewed four times, with the fourth and latest version promulgated in January 2015. The Code was intended to tackle the problems of doping in sports through cooperation with governments to ensure fair competition as well as the health of athletes. To understand China’s strategies for managing compliance with the Code and also the implications behind those strategies, this study borrows ideas from theories of compliance. China’s high levels of performance in sport, judged by medal success, have undoubtedly placed the country near the top of the global sports field. Therefore, how China acts in relation to international organizations, and especially how it responds to the World Anti-Doping Agency, is highly significant for the future of elite sport and for the world anti-doping regime. Through painstaking efforts, the researchers visited Beijing to conduct field research four times and interviewed a total of 22 key sports personnel, including officials at the General Administration of Sports of China, the China Anti-Doping Agency, and individual sport associations, as well as sport scholars and leading officials of China’s professional sports leagues. In response to the World Anti-Doping Agency, China developed strategies related to seven institutional factors: ‘monitoring’, ‘verification’, ‘horizontal linkages’, ‘nesting’, ‘capacity building’, ‘national concern’ and ‘institutional profile’. As for the implications, the Chinese government is willing and able to comply with the World Anti-Doping Agency Code. In other words, the Chinese government is willing to pay a high price in terms of money, manpower and material resources so that it can recover from the disgrace suffered as a result of doping scandals in the 1990s. The government wants to ensure that China’s prospects as a participant, bidder and host of mega sporting events are not compromised, especially as the host of the 2022 Winter Olympics in Beijing.
The development of an instrument to assess post-exertional malaise in patients with myalgic encephalomyelitis and chronic fatigue syndrome
Authors: Jason Leonard A , Holtzman Carly S , Sunnquist Madison , Cotler Joseph
Published: October 2018

Post-exertional malaise, or a variation of this term, is a key symptom of myalgic encephalomyelitis and chronic fatigue syndrome, as this symptom is mentioned in almost all myalgic encephalomyelitis and chronic fatigue syndrome case definitions. Until now there has not been a comprehensive questionnaire to assess post-exertional malaise. To rectify this situation, in this article we describe the development of a new questionnaire, called the DePaul Post-Exertional Malaise Questionnaire, which was based on input from hundreds of patients. Preliminary validation was provided by the findings of significant and predictable relationships between different domains of this post-exertional malaise questionnaire and physical functioning.
A strategy to reduce delamination of adhesive joints with composite substrates
Authors: Shang X , Marques EAS , Machado JJM , Carbas RJC , Jiang D , da Silva LFM
Published: October 2018

The use of bonding for joining composite materials in high-performance structures has increased significantly, as this joining method offers improved stress distributions and capability of joining dissimilar materials. However, the use of adhesive bonding for this purpose might lead to delamination failure, caused by peel stresses acting on the generally weaker transverse direction of the composite adherends. This work focused on improving the resistance to delamination of composite adhesive joints by using a novel composite with a reinforced high toughness resin on the surfaces. Single-lap joints using the novel composite material as adherends, were found to have 22% higher failure loads when compared with the specimens using carbon fiber reinforced polymer only adherends, with the failure mode changing from delamination of the adherends to cohesive failure in the adhesive. The lap shear strength was also close to that attained when using high strength steel adherends. A finite element analysis, using cohesive elements, was performed with the objective of reproducing the experimental results and better understanding the failure mechanism. Using this model, it has been determined that the change of failure mode and the plasticity on the surface layers are the two key factors underlying the increase in strength obtained with the novel adherends.
Hybridised materialisms: The ‘twists and turns’ of materialities in feminist theory
Authors: Zouggari Najate
Published: October 2018

This article examines the conceptualisation of materialities in feminist theory through two paradigmatic examples: (French) materialist feminism and new materialisms. What can be interpreted as an opposition between different paradigms can also be disrupted as long as we define what matters as a relation or a process rather than a substance or a lost paradise to which we should return. New materialisms indeed help to investigate aspects such as corporeality, human/non-human interaction and textures, but the role of feminist materialism is invaluable in highlighting the social structures of power relations; more than ever, it makes a decisive contribution to the understanding of domination, such as the social relations and hierarchies implied in femosecularism conceptualised in this article. Ultimately, the tool of hybridised materialisms aims to articulate the theoretical perspective of materialist feminism with that of the new materialisms – in order to avoid the binarism between materiality and culture.
Exploring the Impact of Youth-Produced Images on Family, Community, and Policy
Authors: Mitchell Claudia , Lamb Pamela , Raissadat Haleh
Published: October 2018

There is increasing scholarly attention to the creative ways in which young people are engaging in policy dialogue. Yet what other ways may we study the impact of youth-produced images on audiences? Here, we explore the role that visual researchers occupy as audiences to youth-led participatory visual work addressing critical issues. Drawing on qualitative research approaches in autoethnography, we use a methodology of researcher reflexivity to invite visual researchers through semistructured interviews to position themselves with respect to youth-produced images of sexual violence, refugee experience, and colonial trauma. In shifting our attention from studying the privileged position of researchers with respect to facilitating participatory visual research, we learn about the researcher’s privileged perspective on how other audiences may view the work, such as policy makers and community and family members. This study highlights some ethical and methodological considerations of facilitating dialogue between youth and various stakeholders on the critical issues impacting the lives of young people.
Semantic associations do not modulate the visual awareness of objects
Authors: Clement Andrew , Stothart Cary , Drew Trafton , Brockmole James R
Published: October 2018

When observers adopt a category-level attentional set, objects that belong to the same category as this attentional set are more likely to enter awareness. For example, a driver who is monitoring the road for cars may be more likely to notice an oncoming car than a pedestrian who is crossing the road. Semantic associations between categories are also known to influence the deployment of attention, but it is unclear whether these associative relationships can influence the visual awareness of objects. To address this issue, we conducted four experiments using an inattentional blindness task. Participants tracked moving images of animals (e.g., monkeys or rabbits). On the last trial, an unexpected object that could belong to the same category as the tracked objects (i.e., a monkey or rabbit) or a semantically associated category (i.e., a banana or carrot) moved across the display. Participants were more likely to notice this object when it was visually salient or belonged to the same category as the tracked objects. However, they were no more likely to notice objects that shared a semantic association with the tracked objects. Thus, although categorical relationships play an important role in the visual awareness of objects, this effect does not extend to associative relationships among objects.
Catastrophic High School and Collegiate Cheerleading Injuries in the United States: An Examination of the 2006-2007 Basket Toss Rule Change
Authors: Yau Rebecca K. , Dennis Savannah G. , Boden Barry P. , Cantu Robert C. , Lord James A. , Kucera Kristen L.
Published: October 2018

Background:

Cheerleading is a specialized athletic activity that can lead to catastrophic injuries. Cheerleading rules are in place to maximize safety of participants. The purpose of this study was to describe catastrophic cheerleading injuries among high school and collegiate-level participants in the United States and to explore whether the 2006-2007 basket toss rule change was effective at reducing the number of catastrophic injuries.

Hypothesis:

The 2006-2007 basket toss rule change contributed to a reduction in the number of catastrophic injuries among high school and collegiate cheerleaders.

Study Design:

Case series.

Level of Evidence:

Level 4.

Methods:

Data on catastrophic cheerleading injuries were collected by the National Center for Catastrophic Sport Injury Research from July 2002 to June 2017. Information collected included cheerleader, event, and injury characteristics. The impact of the 2006-2007 rule change banning the basket toss on any hard surfaces was assessed by comparing injury rates and 95% CIs before and after the rule change.

Results:

There were 54 catastrophic cheerleading injuries, or 3.6 injuries per year. From July 2002 through June 2017, the injury rate was 2.12 per 1,000,000 cheerleaders (95% CI, 1.56-2.69). Most cheerleaders sustained serious injuries (n = 27; 50%) during practice (n = 37; 69%) to the head (n = 28; 52%) and cervical spine (n = 17; 32%). From July 2002 through June 2017, basket tosses were the stunt that accounted for the highest proportion of injuries (n = 19; 35%). The basket toss injury rate decreased from 1.55 to 0.40 per 1,000,000 cheerleaders among both high school and collegiate cheerleaders after the rule change.

Conclusion:

Catastrophic injury rates in cheerleading decreased dramatically after the 2006-2007 rule change banning basket tosses from being performed on any hard surfaces. In particular, there was a nearly 4-fold reduction in the rate of catastrophic basket toss injuries.
Chronic Rhinosinusitis—Could Phenotyping or Endotyping Aid Therapy?
Authors: Bayar Muluk Nuray , Cingi Cemal , Scadding Glenis K. , Scadding Guy
Published: October 2018

Objectives

We reviewed the phenotyping and endotyping of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) and treatment options.

Methods

We searched PubMed, Google, Google Scholar, and the Proquest Central Database of the Kırıkkale University Library.

Results

Phenotypes are observable properties of an organism produced by the environment acting upon the genotype, that is, patients with a particular disorder are subgrouped according to common characteristics. Currently, CRS is usually phenotyped as being with (CRSwNP) or without (CRSsNP) nasal polyps. However, this is not immutable as some individuals progress from nonpolyp to polypoid CRS over time. Phenotypes of CRS are also based on inflammatory patterns, generally CRSwNP is eosinophilic, CRSsNP neutrophilic; but there is a spectrum, rather than a clear-cut division into 2 types. An endotype is a subtype of a condition defined by a distinct functional or pathobiological mechanism. Endotypes of CRS can be (1) nontype Th2, (2) moderate type Th2, and (3) severe type Th2 immune reactions, based on cytokines and mediators such as IL4, 5, 13. CRS endotyping can also include a (1) type 2 cytokine-based approach, (2) eosinophil-mediated approach, (3) immunoglobulin E-based approach, and (4) cysteinyl leukotriene-based approach. Subdivisions of CRSwNP can be made into nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug-exacerbated respiratory disease, allergic fungal sinusitis, and eosinophil pauci-granulomatous arteritis by testing. General treatment for all CRS is nasal douching. The place of surgery needs careful reconsideration. Endotype-directed therapies include glucocorticosteroids, antibiotics, aspirin, antifungals, anticytokines, and immunoglobulin replacement. The recognition of united airways and the co-occurrence of CRSwNPs and severe asthma should lead to common endotyping of both upper and lower airways in order to better direct therapy.

Conclusion

Endotyping can allow for the identification of groups of patients with CRS with a high likelihood of successful treatment, such as patients with a moderate type 2 immune reaction or those with acquired immune deficiency.
Reports of Recovered Memories in Therapy, Informed Consent, and Generalizability: Response to Commentaries
Authors: Patihis Lawrence , Pendergrast Mark H.
Published: October 2018

We respond to various comments on our article (this issue, p. 3), which reported prevalence percentages of reports of recovered memories in therapy. We consider arguments against informed consent in therapy and conclude that we are in favor of informed consent that includes information about research on the malleability of memory. We note some useful suggestions from commentators, such as future research investigating iatrogenic outcomes of those who report recovered memories and investigating whether therapy-induced recovered memories are also an issue in various other countries. We understand that there are questions as to whether our sample was representative of the adult population of the United States, but we maintain that such questions can be investigated empirically and we could not find much evidence of systematic divergence. We investigated representativeness on gender, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and age and made adjustments where possible. Future research should investigate reports of recovered memory in other general public samples.
The Accolade TMZF stem fulfils the demands of modern stem design: Minimum 5-year survival in a cohort of 937 patients
Authors: van den Hout Joost AAM , Koenraadt Koen LM , Wagenmakers Robert , Bolder Stefan BT
Published: October 2018

Purpose:

Modern hip stem design includes a prosthesis that has a predictable outcome in all total hip arthroplasty (THA) patients, regardless of approach, surgeon or patient characteristics. Introduction without a learning curve and, in cases of problems, the possibility for a simple revision are other prerequisites. The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether the Accolade TMZF stem (Stryker Orthopedics, Mahwah, New Jersey, USA) is suitable to fulfil these demands. We report our mid-term survival of the Accolade TMZF hip stem in all patients from the first implantation at our institute.

Methods:

From the start of using the Accolade TMZF stem (March 2009) until February 2011, 937 THA were performed by 12 surgeons using a posterolateral or anterolateral approach. Survival of the stem was calculated using Kaplan–Meier analysis. Effect of approach, patient age and comorbidity were analysed with a Cox proportional hazards’ model. The learning effect was determined by comparing the number of revisions in the surgeons’ first 20 THAs with their next 30 THAs and the subsequent THAs.

Results:

At 5 years, cumulative stem survival was 97.9% based on revisions for all reasons and 98.8% with aseptic loosening as endpoint. We found no effect of surgical approach, patient age or comorbidity on stem survival. No learning effect was found.

Conclusion:

The Accolade TMZF stem fulfilled the demands of modern stem design.
Myeloma MRD by deep sequencing from circulating tumor DNA does not correlate with results obtained in the bone marrow
Authors: Mazzotti Céline , Buisson Laure , Maheo Sabrina , Perrot Aurore , Chretien Marie-Lorraine , Leleu Xavier , Hulin Cyrille , Manier Salomon , Hébraud Benjamin , Roussel Murielle , Do Souto Laura , Attal Michel , Avet-Loiseau Hervé , Corre Jill
Published: October 2018

Key Points

There is no correlation between ctDNA and bone marrow for MRD by NGS using only immunoglobulin gene rearrangements in myeloma patients.
A population-based comparison study of the mental health of patients with intentional and unintentional burns
Authors: Vetrichevvel Thirthar P , Randall Sean M , Wood Fiona M , Rea Suzanne , Boyd James H , Duke Janine M
Published: October 2018

Background

A number of studies report high prevalence of mental health conditions among burn patients. However there is a need to understand differences in the temporal relationship between mental health conditions and intentional and unintentional burns to hasten psychological prevention and intervention. This study aims to compare the socio-demographic profile, burn characteristics and pre- and post-burn psychiatric morbidity of burn patients by intent-of-injury.

Methods

De-identified linked hospital, death and mental health (MH) case registry data of burn patients hospitalised in Western Australia between 1 January 1980 and 30 June 2012 were analysed. Crude (observed) post-burn rates of mental health admissions were generated by burn intent-of-injury. Descriptive statistics were performed to compare the characteristics of the burn patients.

Results

A total of 30,997 individuals were hospitalised for a first burn; 360 (1.2%) had self-harm burns and 206 (0.7%) assault burns. Over the study period, admission rates for assault burns increased by 4.8% per year (95% confidence interval (CI) 3.1–6.5%) and self-harm burns increased 6.9% per year (95% CI 4.8–9.1%). Self-harm and assault burns occurred mainly among those aged 15 to 44 years (median age, interquartile range (IQR): self-harm 30 years, 22–40; assault 31 years, 23–38). Those with self-harm burns had a longer index hospital stay (median (IQR): self-harm 15 days (5–35) vs 4 days (1–11) assault vs 4 days (1–10) unintentional) and higher in-hospital mortality (7.2% self-harm vs 1.9% assault burns vs 0.8% unintentional). More than half (55.0%) of self-harm burns had a prior hospitalisation (5-year lookback) for a MH condition vs 10.7% of assault burns and 2.8% of unintentional burns. Crude post-burn rates of MH admissions per 100 person-years (PY) by intent-of-burn subgroups: self-harm 209 per 100 PY, assault burns 11 per 100 PY and unintentional burns 3 per 100 PY.

Conclusions

Intentional burn patients experienced significantly higher pre- and post-burn mental health morbidity along with significant adverse outcome in comparison with unintentional burns. Early psychological assessment and intervention could help in improving the MH of these patients.
An essential role for Abscisic acid in the regulation of xylem fibre differentiation
Authors: Campbell Liam , Etchells J. Peter , Cooper Matthew , Kumar Manoj , Turner Simon R.
Published: October 2018

Division of the cambial cells and their subsequent differentiation into xylem and phloem drives radial expansion of the hypocotyl. Following the transition to reproductive growth, a phase change occurs in the Arabidopsis hypocotyl. During this second phase, the relative rate of xylem production is dramatically increased compared to that of phloem and xylem fibres containing thick secondary cell walls also form. Using two different genetic backgrounds and different environmental conditions, we identified a set of core transcriptional changes associated with the switch to the second phase of growth in the hypocotyl. ABA signalling pathways were significantly over-represented in this set of core genes. Reverse genetic analysis demonstrated that mutants defective in ABA-biosynthesis enzymes exhibited significantly delayed fibre production without affecting the xylem:phloem ratio and these effects can be reversed by the application of ABA. The altered morphology is also reflected at the transcript level, with a reduced expression of marker genes associated with fibre formation in aba1 mutants. Taken together, the data reveals an essential role for ABA in the regulation of fibre formation.
Echo interval and not echo intensity drives bat flight behavior in structured corridors
Authors: Warnecke Michaela , Macías Silvio , Falk Benjamin , Moss Cynthia F.
Published: October 2018

To navigate in the natural environment, animals must adapt their locomotion in response to environmental stimuli. The echolocating bat relies on auditory processing of echo returns to represent its surroundings. Recent studies have shown that echo flow patterns influence bat navigation, but the acoustic basis for flight path selection remains unknown. To investigate this problem, we released bats in a flight corridor with walls constructed of adjacent individual wooden poles, which returned cascades of echoes to the flying bat. We manipulated the spacing and echo strength of the poles comprising each corridor side, and predicted that bats would adapt their flight paths to deviate toward the corridor side returning weaker echo cascades. Our results show that the bat's trajectory through the corridor was not affected by the intensity of echo cascades. Instead, bats deviated toward the corridor wall with more sparsely spaced, highly reflective poles, suggesting that pole spacing, rather than echo intensity, influenced bat flight path selection. This result motivated investigation of the neural processing of echo cascades: We measured local evoked auditory responses in the bat inferior colliculus to echo playback recordings from corridor walls constructed of sparsely and densely spaced poles. We predicted that evoked neural responses would be discretely modulated by temporally distinct echoes recorded from the sparsely spaced pole corridor wall, but not by echoes from the more densely spaced corridor wall. The data confirm this prediction and suggest that the bat's temporal resolution of echo cascades may drive its flight behavior in the corridor.
Ascending flight and decelerating vertical glides in Anna's hummingbirds
Authors: Ortega-Jiménez Victor Manuel , Dudley Robert
Published: October 2018

Hummingbirds are observationally well known for their capacity to vertically ascend whilst hovering, but the underlying mechanics and possible energetic limits to ascent rates are unclear. Decelerations during vertical ascent to a fixed target may also be associated with specific visual responses to regulate the body's trajectory. Here, we studied climbing flight and subsequent deceleration in male Anna's hummingbirds (Calypte anna) over an approximately two meter vertical distance. Birds reached vertical speeds and accelerations up to ∼4 m/s and 10 m/s2, respectively, through use of flapping frequencies as high as 56 Hz and stroke amplitudes slightly greater than 180°. Total mass-specific power at maximal ascent speed was up to 92 W/kg body mass. Near the end of the ascending trajectory, all individuals decelerated ballistically via cessation of flapping and folding of wings over the body without losing control, a behavior termed here a vertical glide. Visual modulation of the deceleration trajectory during ascent was indicated by a constant value (∼0.75) for the first derivative of the time-to-contact to target. Our results indicate that hummingbirds in rapid vertical ascent expended near-maximal power output during flight, but also tightly control their subsequent deceleration during the vertical glide.
Professional Dancers Distinct Biomechanical Pattern during Multidirectional Landings
Authors: AZEVEDO ANA M. , OLIVEIRA RAÚL , VAZ JOÃO R. , CORTES NELSON
Published: October 2018

Purpose

This study aimed to compare lower extremity (LE) biomechanics between professional dancers (PD) and nondancers (ND) during multidirectional single-leg landings.

Methods

Fifteen PD (27 ± 7 yr, 1.69 ± 0.1 m, 57.8 ± 9.3 kg) and 15 ND (25 ± 5 yr, 1.69 ± 0.1 m, 66 ± 10.2 kg) performed single-leg jumps in three directions: 1) lateral, 2) diagonal, and 3) forward. Dominant LE biomechanical data were collected using a motion capture system. Data were processed in Visual3D. LE kinematic (hip, knee, and ankle joint angles in sagittal and frontal planes, and range of motion [ROM]) and kinetics (hip and knee internal joint moments and vertical ground reaction force) variables were analyzed at initial contact (IC), peak vertical ground reaction force (PvGRF), and peak knee flexion (PKF). Repeated-measures ANOVA was conducted (P< 0.05).

Results

At IC, statistically significant interactions were found for ankle frontal and hip sagittal angles (P< 0.05). The main effects for groups and jump directions were attained (P< 0.05). PD at IC had lower hip and knee flexion and higher ankle plantarflexion than ND. PD had significantly higher knee (PD, 41 ± 6.1; ND, 33.8 ± 8.4) and ankle (PD, 53.7 ± 3.4; ND, 38.9 ± 8.9) ROM than ND. At IC, the lateral jump had higher hip abduction moment, hip abduction, and ankle inversion and lower hip flexion and ankle plantarflexion than the forward and diagonal jumps. The lateral jump (15.5 ± 7.7) had higher hip excursion than the forward jump (12.7 ± 5.4).

Conclusion

The higher extended posture of PD at IC promoted an efficient use of the knee and ankle ROM to dissipate the landing forces. Regardless of the group, jump directions also solicited different biomechanical responses, particularly between lateral and forward directions. These strategies should be considered for implementation in prevention programs, as it can foster adequate LE neuromuscular control.
Postinterventionelle Kompressionstherapie
Authors: Wallutis K. , Wallutis K. , Wolff E.-M. , Papapostolou G. , Reich-Schupke S. , Mumme A. , Hummel T. , Mühlberger D.
Published: October 2018

Einleitung: Nach phlebologischen Operationen oder Interventionen sollen durch eine adäquate Kompressionstherapie postoperative bzw. postinterventionelle Komplikationen wie Thrombophlebitiden, Hämatome, Hyper-pigmentierungen oder Matting reduziert werden. Auch die Lebensqualität beziehungsweise die Zufriedenheit der Patienten soll durch die Anwendung einer Kompressionstherapie steigen. Hinsichtlich der Dauer der Kompressionstherapie nach unkomplizierten Eingriffen existieren jedoch widersprüchliche Angaben. In angloamerikanischen Empfehlungen wird nur noch eine Dauer von einer Woche als notwendig erachtet.

Methode: Eine nicht-repräsentative Umfrage wurde unter Mitgliedern der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Phlebologie durchgeführt.

Ergebnis: Es zeigten sich deutliche Unterschiede. So wird beispielsweise nach Cross- und Saphenektomie der V. saphena magna mehrheitlich 3 Wochen eine Kompressionstherapie angewendet. Nach endovenöser Therapie oder Sklerosierung von Stammvenen wird mehrheitlich 2–3 Wochen lang therapiert. Dabei wird hauptsächlich ein Kompressionsstrumpf der deutschen Klasse 2 mit einem Druck von 23–32 mmHg angewendet. Schlussfolgerung: Diese Daten stehen in deutlichem Gegensatz zu den Empfehlungen der angloamerikanischen Leitlinien.
Mechanochemical endovenous ablation (MOCA) for the treatment of varicose veins
Authors: Teßarek J.
Published: October 2018

The endovenous therapies for varicosal veins have partially replaced surgical procedures. Beside thermal ablation based on laser or high frequency other, catheter based techniques are at hand. The non thermal mechano-chemical ablation (MOCA), that can be performed under local anesthesia, has developed as a safe and effective alternative at reasonable costs since its certification in 2011. A combination of MOCA and surgical treatment or foam sclerotherapy can be per-formed in the same setting or sequentially.
Fulminanter Verlauf eines Trousseau-Syndroms
Authors: Schweinzer K. , Strölin A. , Silber T.
Published: October 2018

Das Trousseau-Syndrom ist eine klinische Herausforderung und kann facettenreich und nicht selten fulminant verlaufen. Wir berichten über einen klinischen Fall einer Patientin die sich initial mit einer Thrombophlebitis saltans in unserer Ambulanz vorstellte. Der weitere klinische Verlauf stellte sich bei arteriellen und venösen Thrombosen und möglichen paradoxen Embolien dramatisch und rasch progredient dar. Im Staging ergab sich der dringende Verdacht auf das Vorliegen eines metastasierten Zervixkarzinoms. Bei weiter zunehmender schneller klinischer Verschlechterung mit progredienter Vigilanzminderung bei rezidivierenden thrombembolischen Ereignissen, persistierender Anurie und Progredienz der ischämischen Areale entschied man sich in Anbetracht des schweren und komplexen Erkrankungsmusters gegen eine Fortsetzung der medizinischen Maßnahmen. In Zusammenschau der Klinik und der apparativen Diagnostik stellten wir die Diagnose eines Trousseau-Syndroms. Die Patientin verstarb 15 Tage nach Erstvorstellung in unserer angiologischen Sprechstunde. Bei rezidivierenden episodischen oder foudroyant verlaufenden Thrombophlebitiden,venösen und arteriellen Thrombosen bzw. Thrombembolien sollte an ein paraneoplastisches Geschehen gedacht und eine maligne Grunderkrankung gesichert bzw. ausgeschlossen werden.
Zur operativen Therapie postoperativer therapieresistenter Lymphozelen nach Eingriffen wegen einer Rezidivvarikose
Authors: Misczcak Z. T. , Baier P.-M.
Published: October 2018

Es werden die Kasuistiken von zwei Patienten dargestellt, die wegen einer ausgeprägten Rezidivvarikose operiert werden mussten. Im postoperativen Verlauf entwickelten sich große und klinisch relevante Lymphozelen im Bereich der Innenseite des Ober- beziehungsweise Unterschenkels. Trotz intensiver konservativer Therapie kam es zur Progredienz. Aufgrund der ausgeprägten klinischen und sonographischen Befunde wurde die Indikation zur operativen Zystenresektion gestellt. Der anschließende postoperative Verlauf gestaltete sich komplikationslos und es kam zur vollständigen Restitution. Prinzipiell ist bei Operationen wegen einer Rezidivvarikose mit einem doppelt so hohem Risiko an postoperativen lymphatischen Komplikationen zu rechnen.
Das Ulcus adiposo-venosum – eine therapeutische Herausforderung
Authors: Recke A. L. , Kahle B.
Published: October 2018

Hintergrund: Die kausale Therapie eines Ulcus cruris venosum stellt bei adipösen Patienten eine therapeutische Herausforderung dar. Methode: Anhand eines Fallberichts wird die Vorgehensweise demonstriert: mittels Sourcing kann auch bei schwerer Adipositas eine ulkusrelevante Varize detektiert und erfolgreich schaumsklerosiert werden. Ergebnisse: Die erfolgreiche Schaumsklerosierung der im Sourcing relevanten Varize hat keinen Effekt auf die Ulkusheilung. Schlussfolgerung: Stigmata der chronischen venösen Insuffizienz finden sich bei adipösen Patienten als Folge eben der Adipositas, so dass eine Gewichtsreduktion als kausale Therapie gelten kann. In unserem Fall kann von einem Ulcus adiposo-venosum gesprochen werden.
Lipödem – Mythen und Fakten Teil 2
Authors: Erbacher G. , Bertsch T.
Published: October 2018

In dieser kleinen Übersichtsreihe über die Mythen des Lipödems werfen wir einen kritischen Blick auf populäre Statements zum Lipödem; Statements, die vor Jahrzehnten schon Eingang in wissenschaftliche Publikationen gefunden haben und seither unkritisch und stetig wiederholt werden; Statements, die dadurch inzwischen zum selbstverständlichen Wissensallgemeingut von Lipödempatientinnen und vor allem auch von Lipödem-Selbsthilfegruppen geworden sind. Im ersten Teil unserer Darstellung haben wir uns kritisch mit zwei populären Mythen über das Lipödem auseinandergesetzt. Hierbei haben wir festgestellt, dass sowohl für das Statement „Das Lipödem ist eine progrediente Erkrankung” als auch für das Statement „Ein Lipödem macht psychisch krank” keine wissenschaftliche Evidenz vorliegt. In diesem zweiten Beitrag über die Mythen des Lipödems fokussieren wir uns auf den Ödemaspekt, auf das „Ödem im Lipödem” und die hieraus erfolgte therapeutische Konsequenz – die Manuelle Lymphdrainage. Daher: Mythos 3: Das Lipödem ist in erster Linie ein „Ödem-Problem”; daher ist die Manuelle Lymphdrainage essenzielle und regelmäßig durchzuführende Standardtherapie! Auch dieses Statement widerspricht in hohem Maße unserer seit Jahren bestehenden täglichen klinischen Erfahrung mit diesem speziellen Patientengut. Gleichzeitig haben wir im Rahmen unserer umfangreichen Literaturrecherche festgestellt, dass es keine Evidenz für diese Sichtweise gibt. Tatsächlich gibt es keinerlei Hinweis darauf, dass beim Lipödem ein relevantes Ödem – Ödem im Sinne von Flüssigkeit – vorliegt. Ebenso fehlt jegliche wissenschaftliche Evidenz dafür, dass dieses kaum (bzw. meist nicht) vorhandene Ödem für die Beschwerden der Lipödempatientinnen verantwortlich ist. Der regelmäßigen und dauerhaften Verordnung von Manuellen Lymphdrainagen mit dem Ziel der „Ödembeseitigung” fehlt daher jede Grundlage. Das Lipödem ist weit mehr als nur dickere, schmerzhafte Beine! Darum müssen wir manche der alten therapeutischen Pfade verlassen, Pfade, für die es keine wissenschaftliche Evidenz gibt, Pfade, die darüber hinaus auch unserer klinischen Erfahrung widersprechen. Eine umfassende Therapie des Lipödems sollte daher auch all jene Aspekte berücksichtigen, die nicht so offensichtlich sind wie das Augenscheinliche und das vordergründig Geäußerte. Lipödem-Therapie muss neben der Behandlung der somatischen Beschwerden auch auf die bereits in unserem ersten Beitrag beschriebenen psychosozialen und gesellschaftlichen Aspekte dieses komplexen Krankheitsbildes fokussieren. Die Vorstellung eines umfassenden Therapiekonzeptes für Lipödempatientinnen wird Inhalt im letzten Teil unserer kleinen Lipödemreihe sein. Neue Wege entstehen, in dem wir sie gehen – dies gilt auch für die Therapie des Lipödems!
Die „korrekte” Crossektomie der V. saphena magna und parva
Authors: Mumme A. , Reich-Schupke S. , Hummel T. , Mühlberger D.
Published: October 2018

Durch die deutsche Leistenrezidivstudie zeigte sich, dass vor allem technische Fehler bei der Erstoperation mit einem zu lang belassenen Stumpf der V. saphena magna Ursache für nachfolgende Krossenrezidive sind. Daher sollten für eine korrekte Krossektomie gewisse Mindestanforderungen gelten. Dazu zählt vor allem eine bündige Ligatur an der Einmündung der tiefen Vene (sogenannte „flush ligation”). Diese ist an der saphenofemoralen Mündung unbedingt zu fordern und an der saphenopoplitealen Mündung, aufgrund der schwierigeren anatomischen Verhältnisse, anzustreben. Weiteres Merkmal einer „korrekten” Krossektomie ist eine adäquate Versorgung des Stumpfes mittels Invertierungsplastik und Elektrokoagulation des Endothels. Zudem sollte vor allem im Bereich der saphenofemoralen Mündung eine kurzstreckige (0,5–1,0 cm lange) Inspektion der V. femoralis communis sowie ein Verschluss der Fossa ovalis erfolgen.
Ein IgA-Antiphospholipid-Syndrom – eine seltene klinische Variante
Authors: Ahmed M. , Konschake W. , Daeschlein G. , Jünger M. , Lutze S.
Published: October 2018

Das Antiphospholipid-Syndrom vom IgA-Subtyp ist eine Variante innerhalb der Erkrankungsgruppe des Antiphospholipid-Syndroms. Es ist ebenso mit einem deutlich erhöhten Risiko für thrombembolische Komplikationen assoziiert wie das Antiphospholipid-Syndrom vom IgG, IgM-Isotyp. Das klinische Bild an der Haut ist mannigfaltig, es reicht von einer Livedo racemosa, über Ulcera cruris bis hin zu disseminiert auftretenden, vaskulitisch imponierenden Läsionen. Vor allem die vaskulitischen Veränderungen lassen sich am ehesten durch die Eigenschaften des Immunglobulin-Subtyps erklären. Zur weiteren Diagnosesicherung und Abgrenzung anderer Differentialdiagnosen ist die Hinzunahme von IgA-Antikörpern sowie eine Hautbiopsie oft hilfreich.
Epidemiologie, Versorgungsbedarf und Versorgungsvolumina peripherer Venenkrankheiten in Deutschland: Multi-Source Analyse von Primärund Sekundärdaten
Authors: Sommer R. , Zander N. , Hagenström K. , Sorbe C. , Petersen J. , Schäfer I. , Augustin M.
Published: October 2018

Hintergrund: Venenleiden sind häufig und medizinisch relevant. Fragestellungen: Wie ist die Versorgung der Venenkrankheiten in Deutschland, wie entwickelt sich der Bedarf? Methoden: Multisource-Analyse von Daten der GKV, des statistischen Bundesamtes sowie Primärstudien in Deutschland. Ergebnisse: In Deutschland leiden mind. 22% der Bevölkerung (18 Mio.) unter behandlungsbedürftigen Venenerkrankungen. Ambulant werden jährlich 4,1 Mio. phlebologische Behandlungen durchgeführt, stationär etwa 125 000 Fälle als Hauptdiagnose dokumentiert, davon ca. 88 500 mit Varizen der unteren Extremität und ca. 35 300 mit (Thrombo-)Phlebitis. Die Anzahl stationärer Behandlungen für Varizen ist in den letzten 10 Jahren um 16% zurückgegangen, in den letzten 17 Jahren um 47%, die Anzahl ambulanter phlebologischer Behandlungen in den letzten 5 Jahren jährlich um 5–10% gestiegen. Ambulant hauptversorgende Fachgruppen sind Chirurgen und Dermatologen, stationär versorgende Chirurgie, Dermatologie und Angiologie sowie Venenfachkliniken. Der Versorgungsbedarf wird zukünftig jährlich um 3–8% steigen. Die Zusatzweiterbildung „Phlebologie“ als Teil der qualitätsgesicherten Versorgung wurde in Deutschland 2016 von 3 049 Ärzten geführt. Fazit: Periphere Venenerkrankungen weisen einen hohen Versorgungsbedarf auf. Die Phlebologie stellt eine wichtige Säule der spezialisierten Versorgung dar.
Perforansinsuffizienz
Authors: Korsake K.
Published: October 2018

Perforansvenen verbinden die epifaszialen Beinvenen mit den subfaszial gelegenen tiefen Venen und dienen zur Drainage des venösen Blutflusses. In der Diagnostik und Therapie einer Varikosis haben die Perforansvenen eine große Bedeutung beim Aufsuchen des proximalen und distalen Insuffizienzpunkt. Die Untersuchung der Perforansvenen ist eine Herausforderung in der Duplexsonographie. Die pathophysiologisch bedeutsamen insuffizienten Perforansvenen sollten operativ oder minimal invasiv ausgeschaltet werden.
Analysis of Socialization Situations via Sport-based Physical Activity among Students at a School of Physical Education and Sports
Authors: Yildirim Mehmet , Caz Cagdas
Published: October 2018

This study aims to determine socialization situations via sport-based physical activity among students at a school of physical education and sports in terms of their demographic features. The population of the study comprises of 480 students studying in different departments at School of Physical Education and Sports at University of Yozgat Bozok during 2017-2018 academic year. The sample of the study comprises of 300 students selected based on convenience sampling method and studying at different departments of School of Physical Education and Sports at University of Yozgat Bozok during 2017-2018 academic year. Personal information form and socialization via sport-based physical activity developed by Yildirim was used as a data collection tool in this search. Frequency analysis, arithmetic mean, t test, Anova test and post-hoc tests were used in the data analysis. The findings of the study demonstrate that significant differences were found between socialization sub-dimensions and sport-based physical activity in terms of gender, monthly expenses, academic department and sports branch varibles (p<.05).
Records of ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) from the Republic of Benin, with particular reference to the mango farm ecosystem

Authors: TAYLOR BRIAN , AGOINON NORBERT , SINZOGAN ANTONIO , ADANDONON APPOLINAIRE , KOUAGOU YOMMA N’DA , BELLO SALIOU , WARGUI ROSINE , ANATO FLORENCE , OUAGOUSSOUNON ISSA , HOUNGBO HERMANCE , TCHIBOZO SÉVERIN , TODJIHOUNDE RAYMOND , VAYSSIÈRES JEAN-FRANÇOIS
Published: October 2018

The historic records of ants from Benin enumerate only 22 species. Our collections, with a primary focus on the mango farm ecosystem, Mangifera indica, have brought this total to 133 species of which only six were recorded before. The Benin specimens for all but six species have been checked against type images on Antweb.org. Twenty species have been recognised as distinct and raised to species status, with explanatory notes. Four species appear to be new but will be described elsewhere.
Complications of open reduction and internal fixation of distal humerus fractures
Authors: Savvidou Olga D. , Zampeli Frantzeska , Koutsouradis Panagiotis , Chloros George D. , Kaspiris Aggelos , Sourmelis Savas , Papagelopoulos Panayiotis J.
Published: October 2018

Treatment of distal humerus fractures is demanding. Surgery is the optimal treatment and preoperative planning is based on fracture type and degree of comminution. Fixation with two precontoured anatomical locking plates at 90o:90oorthogonal or 180oparallel is the optimal treatment. The main goal of surgical treatment is to obtain stable fixation to allow immediate postoperative elbow mobilization and prevent joint stiffness. Despite evolution of plates and surgical techniques, complications such as mechanical failure, ulnar neuropathy, stiffness, heterotopic ossification, nonunion, malunion, infection, and complications from olecranon osteotomy are quite common. Distal humerus fractures still present a significant technical challenge and need meticulous technique and experience to achieve optimal results.

Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2018;3:558-567. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.3.180009
Marketing de Relacionamento na Indústria Farmacêutica Como Recurso para a Fidelização de Clientes
Authors: Reis Cristina da Silva , Moreira Márcia Zabdiele , Murakami Luiz Carlos , Carneiro Juliana Vieira Corrêa
Published: October 2018

O marketingde relacionamento na indústria farmacêutica visa levar qualidade de vida para as pessoas, ao mesmo tempo envolvendo interesses da indústria farmacêutica. Teve-se como objetivo analisar como a ferramenta marketingde relacionamento utilizado pelo representante propagandista pode ter influência na prescrição médica. Realizou-se pesquisa quantitativa e exploratória, utilizando-se de técnica estatística, junto à classe médica de otorrinolaringologia de Fortaleza. Utilizou-se um questionário com escala Likert de cinco pontos. Os principais resultados alcançados referem-se à constatação que para a classe médica estudada, o representante de medicamento exerce um importante papel, levando conhecimentos sobre novas moléculas, atualizações científicas, gerando lembrança das marcas existentes no mercado, fornecendo uma importante prestação de serviço para a sociedade como um todo, e também sendo uma ligação entre a classe médica e os fabricantes de medicamentos. Conclui-se que o marketing de relacionamento realizado pelos representantes propagandistas promove a fidelização de clientes.
Advocating for biographical research in political social work in neoliberal times
Authors: Gwilym Hefin
Published: October 2018

This article addresses the paucity of social work political biographies by suggesting a novel approach of combining constructivist grounded theory and biographical inquiry methodologies as a recommended way of exploring the neglected field of social work political biographies. Both approaches have their roots in the democratic turn in social sciences research in the 1960s, which should increase their appeal to radical social work researchers. Political biographies of social workers are increasingly important at a time of neoliberal hegemony and the desire to see more social work politicians (Gwilym, 2017). It is hoped that the article will help to generate further interest in the neglected field of social work political biographies and encourage other researchers to engage with this field.
Contested commemoration: The Great War, memory and politics in contemporary Algeria
Authors: Hassett Dónal
Published: October 2018

The past four years have seen a whole range of commemorative events around the globe to mark the centenary of the Great War. Few, however, have proved as controversial as the participation of Algerian troops in 2014s Bastille Day parade in Paris. This article examines the heated debate provoked by the Algerian presence at this act of commemoration, asking what it tells us about the complex interactions between history, memory and the practice of politics in contemporary Algeria. It traces the evolution of attitudes towards the Great War over time and asks how the dominance of the War of Independence in political discourse has shaped how politicians and public intellectuals have understood and mobilized the memory of Algeria’s involvement in the First World War. Finally, it uses this case study to explore how, in Algeria, evoking the past has simultaneously legitimized and limited opposition to the status quo.
The remains of an empire in ruin: Remembering torture and the colonial state of exception in Jérôme Ferrari’s Où j’ai laissé mon âme
Authors: Grimm Rachel Mihuta
Published: October 2018

Since the turn of the twenty-first century, the use of torture during the Algerian War of Independence has been the subject of renewed controversy in France, raising questions about the traumatic reverberations of France’s colonial past in the present. While scholars often address the violence of torture by analysing what it accomplishes, this article is concerned with the cognitive, discursive and ideological conditions under which torture becomes permissible. This article suggests that the systematic practice of torture is contingent on the construction of a perceptive reality in which the normative dictates of law and morality have been suspended or no longer apply. Drawing on the work of Giorgio Agamben, this article seeks to understand the progressive normalization of torture under the historical paradigm of the state of exception. Thinking paradigmatically about the past not only reveals the concealed sociopolitical coordinates underlying a specific historical experience, but also constitutes a broader historical context, producing forms of intelligibility that cut across temporal and territorial boundaries. Through a reading of Jérôme Ferrari’s novel Où j’ai laissé mon âme (2010), this article addresses the ethical and epistemological issues that arise when torture is remembered as a paradigmatic rendering of the state of exception.
Electronic Literature as Paratextual Construction
Authors: Block Friedrich W.
Published: October 2018

The following discussion aims to reflect on how electronic literature and affiliated or related fields describe themselves paratextually. I will argue that the social construction of ‘electronic literature’ is dominated by its systemic self-description. The paratextual construction basically works with the ascription of the genre name ‘electronic literature’ and discursive descriptions or reflections to phenomena of artistic practice and has been institutionalized in no small part by the Electronic Literature Organization. The argument is developed by observing paratextual practices in founding narratives, archives and collections related to the ELO. This perspective is contextualized by looking at self-descriptions in the pre-history of e-lit within the artistic program of poietic experimentation.
The Trumpet of the Swan
Authors: Donnachie Karen Ann , Simionato Andy
Published: October 2018

This paper will outline the ideation, background and development of the electronic artwork The Trumpet of the Swan (Donnachie & Simionato, 2017) presented by the authors at the Electronic Literature Organisation conference in Porto, Portugal in 2017. The artwork is a custom-coded drawing-robot which automatically inscribes in natural media, every post published from the personal Twitter profile of the 45th President of the United States of America, Donald Trump, identified on Twitter as @realDonaldTrump. The machine, which has the appearance reminiscent of a swan, including a broad “body” balanced on two short legs that end in webbed “feet”, is a semi-autonomous robot that writes in a pen, crowned by a long white plume, on a continuous scroll of paper while producing bird-like sounds. The drawing-robot remains permanently in a state of attention and the demonstrated sequence of actions can only be triggered remotely and by the 45th President of the U.S.A. himself (or more precisely, by whomever publishes a new tweet through his Twitter account ‘@realDonaldTrump’). In other words, to borrow a popular phrase taken from twentieth century cold-war propaganda: only the President has the ability to “launch” this artwork which otherwise remains dormant, in waiting.