bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Immunogenicity of BNT162b2 mRNA-Based Vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 in People with Cystic Fibrosis
Authors: Alicandro Gianfranco , Daccò Valeria , Cariani Lisa , Rosazza Chiara , Sciarrabba Calogero Sathyà , Ferraro Federica , Lanfranchi Chiara , Medino Paola , Girelli Daniela , Colombo Carla
Published: July 2022

During the SARS-CoV-2 vaccination campaign, people with CF (pwCF) were considered a clinically vulnerable population. However, data on immunogenicity of anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in pwCF are lacking. We conducted a prospective study enrolling all patients aged >12 and followed-up in our CF centre, who received two doses of the BNT162b2 vaccine in March-­­­October 2021. They underwent a blood sample for quantification of antibodies to the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein receptor binding domain immediately before receiving the first dose and after 3 and 6 months from the second dose. We enrolled 143 patients (median age: 21 years, range: 13-38); of whom 16 had a previous infection. Median antibody titer (interquartile range) after 3 months from vaccination was 1288 U/mL (730-2115) and decreased to 918 U/mL (534-1488) after 6 months (P<0.0001). Median values were higher among previously infected patients as compared to those naïve to SARS-CoV-2 (9107 vs 1229 U/mL at 3 months and 4810 vs 829 U/mL at 6 months, P<0.0001) with no significant differences in the rate of decline over time (P=0.135). All pwCF mounted an antibody response after two-doses of BNT162b2 vaccine that waned at 6 months from vaccination. Age ≥30 years and use of inhaled corticosteroids were associated with a lower humoral response.
Terahertz Resonators based on Y-Ba-Cu-O High-Tc Superconductor
Authors: Macis Salvatore , Paolozzi Maria Chiara , D'Arco Annalisa , Tomarchio Luca , Di Gaspare Alessandra , Lupi Stefano
Published: July 2022

Superconducting split ring resonator arrays allow to overcome two main limitations affecting metallic metamaterial resonating in the Terahertz (THz) range: Ohmic losses and tunability of their optical response. In this work, we design and experimentally realize direct and complementary square arrays of superconducting YBa2Cu3O7 (YBCO) split ring resonators working in the THz spectral range. The main purpose of this paper is to show how the metamaterial resonances can be tuned by temperature (T) when crossing the superconducting transition temperature Tc of YBCO. The tuning property can be quantified by describing the THz transmittance of the patterned YBCO films vs. T through a model of coupled resonators. This model allows us to estimate the THz resonances of split-ring arrays and their interaction, showing how the kinetic inductance Lk in the superconducting state is the main parameter affecting the metamaterial properties.
The Effect of Local Community Support Toward Sharia Tourism in Central Maluku Regency
Authors: Shalihah Mar'atun
Published: July 2022

This research aims to analyze the local community’s supported influence based on Sharia Tourism Development in the Central Maluku Regency. Some variables are affected by this research, such as negative and positive perceptions of local residents toward the economy, society, and environment around the population. The methodology of this research is quantitative research which uses an explanatory method. There are around 51 participants as samples. Those samples are chosen from Mamala and Morella villages directly involved in tourism activities. The data is processed and analyzed using SEM PLS ver.3 Software. Results of the study found that: the social impact had a positive and significant impact on local community support for sharia tourism development, and the negative impact had a negative and significant impact on the support for sharia tourism development. In contrast, the economic and environmental impact had a positive but not significant impact on the population support local to the development of sharia tourism
Interrelationship among Quality of Work-Life, Islamic Work Ethics, and Employee Performance: Employee Engagement as Mediator
Authors: Rahmawaty Anita , Ahamed Forbis , Rokhman Wahibur
Published: July 2022

This study aims to examine the effect of quality of work-life and Islamic work ethics on employee performance and the mediating role of employee engagement among quality of work-life, Islamic work ethics and employee performance. The paper explicitly highlighted the conduct and outcomes of the study. A quantitative survey approach was used to collect necessary data by applying the instruments adopted from previous studies. The reliability and validity of tools were above the standard. Out of 250 sets of questionnaires distributed to the employees working with Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) throughout Kudus region, Central Java, Indonesia, a sample size of 194 has been utilized for data analysis to test study hypothesis. The path analysis indicated that quality of work-life and Islamic work ethics contributed significantly to employee engagement, subsequently to employee performance. However, the quality of work-life had no significant direct effect on employee performance as such the relationship was fully mediated by employee engagement, whereas employee engagement partial mediated on Islamic work ethics and employee performance. Thus, spiritual adoption of work ethics seems a necessity for today’s business organization. Therefore, it is recommended to SMEs’ owners and practitioners that they could improve their business performance through improved quality of work-life, Islamic work ethics, and employee engagement.
Fraud Detecting Using Beneish M-Score and F-Score: Which is More Effective?
Authors: Husnurrosyidah Husnurrosyidah , Fatihah Inayatul
Published: July 2022

Beneish M-Score and F-Score are methods of identifying fraud in financial statements. The difference in research results between the two methods requires an in-depth study of the effectiveness of the Beneish M-Score and F-Score methods for detecting fraud. The type of research is descriptive and quantitative. The population in this study were companies registered in JII from 2017-2021. Through purposive sampling, ten sample companies were obtained. The results revealed that the Beneish M-Score method is more effective in detecting fraud in JII-registered companies in 2017-2021 than the F-Score. Evidenced by a higher level of accuracy and lower error type than the F-score method. However, the F-Score method has weaknesses in the level of accuracy and type error. Therefore, the Beneish M-Score helps regulators and auditors detect fraud in financial statements, so it is very important for potential investors to be able to make the right investing decisions.
LA AUSENCIA DE PREVISIÓN DE MODIFICACIONES ESTRUCTURALES EN EL CONTENIDO DEL CONVENIO CONCURSAL
Authors: Soler Samper Carlos
Published: July 2022

En el presente artículo nos serviremos de la Sentencia 299/2021, de 18 de marzo de 2021, de la Audiencia Provincial de Murcia. El objetivo de este estudio es poder reflejar la importancia y necesidad de un estudio conjunto de la normativa en materia de modificaciones estructurales y la normativa en materia concursal. La relación entre ambas vertientes mercantilistas es patente en situaciones similares a la que procederemos a exponer.
India and Spain, two cinematic strangers ten years after Zindagi Na Milegi Dobara
Authors: Das Bitasta , López-Díez Jaime
Published: July 2022

Abstract

The aim of this research is to study the relationships between Indian and Spanish film industries. The study focuses on films with the presence of Indian culture in Spanish movies, Spanish culture in Indian movies, the impact of a significant movie in these relationships, Zindagi Na Milegi Dobara, and the success of Indian movies in the Spanish screens. The methodology has been the review of literature on Indian and Spanish films, as well as an analysis of the data offered by the  Spanish Institute of Cinematography and Audiovisual Arts. The results show that despite the institutional efforts in both countries, the links remain anecdotical. The relevance of this study is that it shows the contradiction of Indian film industry being one of the biggest in the world, while being mostly unknown, and unexhibited, in Spain.
branded content como ejercicio literario
Authors: Álvarez-Rodríguez Víctor , Jiménez-Marín Gloria
Published: July 2022

Este trabajo es un estudio sobre la aplicación de la herramienta publicitaria de product placement inverso como técnica para el desarrollo del branded content de la serie de televisión Castle (2009-2016). Se explora la relación intertextual entre la narrativa y su diseño transmedia como medios para la expansión de la marca. Para ello, se toma como muestra la literatura publicada en relación con el protagonista de la ficción. En esta investigación se realiza un análisis cualitativo aplicando una metodología exploratorio-descriptiva divida en fases. Primero, se ha realizado una exploración bibliográfica sobre el objeto de estudio. Seguidamente, se ha entrevistado en profundidad a Bryan Christian, ex marketing manager de la editorial responsable de estas obras. Finalmente, se han cruzado los resultados obtenidos donde se fundamenta el análisis y se identifican las dimensiones de esta técnica y sus resultados. En consecuencia, obtenemos un trabajo que ilustra la aplicación de la narrativa transmedia como técnica para el desarrollo del branded content en el contexto comunicacional actual.
Comunidades nórdicas y medios de comunicación en finés, sueco, danés y noruego en la Costa del Sol
Authors: García Galindo Juan Antonio , MELÉNDEZ MALAVÉ NATALIA , Pozo García José Carlos
Published: July 2022

El objetivo de esta investigación es profundizar en el conocimiento de la oferta mediática y de los hábitos de las audiencias de los medios extranjeros destinados a las poblaciones migrantes procedentes de los países nórdicos asentadas en la Costa del Sol. Además de establecer un censo de los medios para residentes de Suecia, Finlandia, Dinamarca y Noruega existentes en esta zona litoral del sur de España, se indaga sobre la percepción de sus públicos a través de una doble metodología cuantitativa (cuestionarios) y cualitativa (grupos de discusión). Entre los resultados obtenidos se observa un cierto estancamiento en el número de medios en estos idiomas, con poca variedad en la oferta, ceñida básicamente a la prensa, pero una alta satisfacción con el papel que cumplen estas publicaciones en lo relativo al conocimiento del entorno y su idiosincrasia.
Theoretic-empirical Substantiation of the Principles of the Methodology of the Post-non-classical Period in Science
Authors:   Institute of Psychology, Russian Academy of Education, Bogoyavlenskaya Diana B.
Published: July 2022

The article presents in detail the methodology for studying the process of cogni­tion, which is characteristic of the post-non-classical type of scientific rationality. In accordance with the concept of scientific rationality types of Academician V.S. Stepin, who singled out a new level of scientific analysis in connection with the emergence of a new type of self-developing systems in science, the author pro­ceeds from the fact that the qualitative difference between post-nonclassical and previous types of rationality is its connection with the system of moral values of society, which is fundamentally new for science. The researcher of “human-sized” objects has to solve a number of ethical problems, defining the boundaries of pos­sible changes in the system. Under these conditions, the ethics of science, which stimulates the search for truth, is constantly correlated with general humanistic principles and values. The author proposed a fundamentally new method of re­search, which makes it possible to observe the creative process during the experi­ment as a self-developing process of cognition, during which new patterns are dis­covered in the absence of an external stimulus. The principle of post-non-classics “the connection of truth with morality” finds its clear confirmation in the mecha­nism of creativity justified by the author as the development of activity on the ini­tiative of the subject, provided the dominance of cognitive motivation in the struc­ture of his personality. In fact, this is an experimental proof of the theory of V.S. Stepin. At the same time, the post-nonclassical theory provides a methodolog­ical justification for the mechanism of creativity identified by the author for the first time as the ability to develop activities on one’s own initiative.
Ontological Horizons of Ethical or How Deep is the Crisis of Contemporary Ethics
Authors:   Ukrainian Institute of Strategies of Global Development and Adaptation, Bilokobylskyi Oleksandr V. , Levytskyy Victor S. ,   Ukrainian Institute of Strategies of Global Development and Adaptation
Published: July 2022

The article analyzes the anomalies observed in various spheres of modern culture, which are interpreted as “ethical failures” and the rejection of the fundamental principles of Western ethics: the principle of justice, fidelity to a given word, stri­ving for the common good, etc. Taking into account the totality of these failures in the sense of “horizontal” and “vertical” prevalence, it is suggested that there are deep ontological changes that entail transformations in the field of ethics. This the­sis is substantiated by an analysis of the structure of an ethical act, which allows us to single out levels of “public” and “ontological” expertise in it, and to see in the ethical act itself a way of establishing “transcendent” (unobservable, absent in the empirical dimension) objects and layers of social reality. Ethics in this case is (by itself) a sphere of ontological creation, a way of establishing legitimate con­figurations, boundaries and goals of social action, including the social identity and subjectivity of individuals. The need to preserve one’s own self and the ability to act meaningfully is considered in the article as the ultimate basis of human social activity and a source of “ethical energy”, which, without external coercion, deter­mines a person to ethical action. Existential involvement in ontological and ethical action determines a close connection between ethics and metaphysics, which is traced in the article on the basis of the most important philosophical concepts and ethnographic material. It is concluded that the cultural transformations analyzed in the article are associated with the use of constructivist impact on the ontological intuitions of Western culture, which, however, do not affect its metaphysical core, and thus only threaten the peripheral layers of Western ontology.
On the Way to Free Thought: A.V. Golovnin’s Educational Reforms and the Formation of Professional Philosophy in Russia
Authors:   National Research University “Higher School of Economics, Zhukova Olga A.
Published: July 2022

In the history of Russian philosophy there is no key figure of intellectual culture of the second half of the XIX century, which is associated with the development of academic philosophy in universities. A.V. Golovnin (1821–1886) is not in­cluded in the historiographical canon of Russian thoughtThe paper shows that Golovnin's intellectual heritage is still beyond the interests of historians of Rus­sian thought. Golovnin’s activity as Minister of Public Education of the govern­ment of Alexander II is considered in the national social and humanitarian sci­ence “in the department” of history, political science, history of pedagogy in the context of the Great Reforms studies, but is not included in the subject area of the history of philosophy. In my opinion, the increment of knowledge in Russian thought history will be associated with the inclusion of A.V. Golovnin in the narrative not only as the author of the education reform who changed the position of philosophy in Russia and who gave a powerful impetus to the in­tellectual process, but also as an independent Christian liberal thinker and a par­ticipant in ideological discussions in the mid-1850s–1870s determining their di­rection and content.
D’un sensible l’autre (sur la signification métaphysique des sensibles) Part I Joсelyn Benoist
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Pris Igor E.
Published: July 2022

Jocelyn Benoist is a well-known French philosopher working at the junction of continental and analytical traditions, and the author of two dozen books and more than a hundred articles. A critic of phenomenology and “new realisms”, he is the originator of the concept of “contextual realism”. Contextual realism is de­veloped by him in the books “Concepts” (2011), “Eléments de philosophie réaliste” (2011), “Le bruit sensible” (2013), “La logique du phénomène” (2016), “L’adresse du réel” (2017), “Toward a contextual realism” (2021), and “Von der Phänomenologie zum Realismus” (2022). The published text is the first part of the talk given by J. Benoist at the meeting of the French Philosophical Society on the 20th of March, 2021. In contemporary philosophy, despite a return of metaphysics, there is a forgetting of its Platonistic dimension, a decline of the craving for overcoming the limits of the sensible, a loss of understanding of the suprasensible and, simultaneously, a desensitization, a derealization of the sensible itself. In this sense, Q. Meillassoux’s speculative realism is a symp­tom. Placing the sensible under the yoke of truth, trying to tame it, Platonism at the same time took the sensible seriously. However, the understanding of the sensible as a phenomenon has led to its derealization in phenomenology, which is a kind of Platonism in reverse. Phenomenology, which absolutizes the concept of a phenomenon, overlooks the sensible itself, thinking not about the sensible but about the phenomenon. Nietzsche showed that as a result of the destruction of Plato’s true world, the sensible world of appearances (phenom­ena) also disappears, not only as a world of appearances, but also as a world. The concepts of “truth” and “appearance”, “truth” and “world” cannot be sepa­rated. Rejecting, on the one hand, phenomenology and Nietzsche’s radical per­spectivism and its development in M. Gabriel’s “neutral realism”, Benoist offers, on the other hand, an interpretation according to which as a result of the destruc­tion of the true world we are left with only the sensible as such, of which it makes no sense to say whether it is true or false. We remain simply with reality. Returning to Plato does not mean accepting a metaphysical theory of two worlds that substantiates the suprasensible as a result of a literal understanding of Pla­tonic metaphors. But concepts are also not exhausted metaphors, as Derrida be­lieved, and nor are they their negation, as Ricoeur thought. The ideal and the real have their own existence. We are talking about two different categories, a kind of categorical dualism: concepts, norms are ideal; the sensible is real. The return to Plato is a return to a truly metaphysical use of a metaphor, allowing to overcome the sensible.
To the defense of “irrational disbelief in science”
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences, Blucher F.N.
Published: July 2022

The article is devoted to the relationship of science to religion, in particular, to the argu­ments about the similarity of the processes of obtaining knowledge in these areas of human life in the article by A.V. Ivanov “The relationship between science and religion: new facets of the old problem”. The author notes the weak argumentation of the concept of “immanent evidence” and the misuse of the phrase “external experience”. In addition, the dependence of the process of obtaining knowledge on the area in which this knowledge will be used is shown. The author clearly demonstrates the fundamental difference between the influence of science and religion as a system of culture on human life. The development of science from other forms of true knowledge is considered. The deep roots of religious consciousness are stated to solve two existential problems that are present in the life of any person: the obvious social injustice of the structure of society and the death of loved ones. The concept of the obligatory connection of scientific knowledge of the world with the religious vision of being is criticized. The example of the concept of “two truths” shows the independence of the sci­entific exploration of the world from religious consciousness and the dependence of the reli­gious on scientific discoveries.
Brain-computer interface as a symbol of the co-evolution of man and technology
Authors:   MIREA – Russian Technological University, Simelin Vladimir A. , Nikitina Elena A. ,   MIREA – Russian Technological University
Published: July 2022

The article deals with one of the key problems of the digital transformation of society – the problem of human adaptation to the increasingly complex information and technological environment of the digital society, the increased information load. One of the promising di­rections for solving this problem is the development of neurotechnologies, and, in particular, brain-computer neural interfaces. The possibilities and prospects of using the brain-com­puter neural interface and neurotechnologies are considered. It is shown that the develop­ment of neurotechnologies and, in particular, the brain-computer neural interface should be accompanied by the study and early warning of the risks associated with their development, as well as the identification and discussion of social, existential and ethical problems in the development of neurotechnologies, and the development of ways to solve them. It is im­portant to form a public discourse on various aspects of the use of neurotechnologies by humans.
Artificial intelligence in the research of consciousness and in social life (in honor of 70-years anniversary of A. Turing’s paper “Computing Machinery and Intelligence” (papers of the “round table”)
Authors:   State Academic University for the Humanities, Lektorsky Vladislav A. , Alekseeva Ekaterina A. ,   State Academic University for the Humanities, Emelyanova Natalia N. ,   State Academic University for the Humanities, Katunin Aleksandr V. ,   State Academic University for the Humanities, Merkulova Inna G. ,   State Academic University for the Humanities, Pirozhkova Sophia V. ,   State Academic University for the Humanities, Trufanova Elena O. ,   State Academic University for the Humanities, Shchedrina Irina O. ,   State Academic University for the Humanities, Yakovleva Aleksandra F. ,   State Academic University for the Humanities
Published: July 2022

The article contains the papers of the “round table” discussion that was held at the Depart­ment of Philosophy of the State Academic University for the Humanities on October 30th 2020. The “round table” was dedicated to the 70-years anniversary of the publication of Alan Turing’s famous paper “Computing Machinery and Intelligence” (1950). The speakers have discussed the role of the artificial intelligence research in understanding of human con­sciousness and natural intelligence, the possibilities and dangers of artificial intelligence in­troduction in different spheres of modern life – education, political activity, social communi­cations. The importance of the new philosophical analysis of the Turing’s paper considering new digital challenges and artificial intellectual systems development was demonstrated.
Philosophy as a scientific discipline: subject, functions and tasks in modern context
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pirozhkova Sophia V.
Published: July 2022

The article describes philosophy as a part of the modern system of scientific knowledge in Russia, reconstructs basic arguments against the recognizing philosophy as a scientific disci­pline, distinguishes between philosophers and non-philosophers criticism of philosophy sci­entificity, shows that while the former consider philosophy as an intellectual activity which is superior to science in its functionality, the latter, by contrast, regard it as unable to meet the basic criteria of scientific knowledge. Based on the reconstruction of the evolution of theoretical knowledge, it is shown that if the core and model of modern science is theoreti­cal natural science, which allows to obtain universal theoretical knowledge, providing it with empirical content through procedures of empirical interpretation and testing, then phi­losophy is a form of theoretical knowledge, that cannot be subjected to the same rigorous procedures of establishing empirical content. However, this fact only proves to be a problem if philosophy claims to study the same objects that empirical disciplines study. Such a claim was proclaimed by the program of Soviet scientific philosophy, and it was questioned in So­viet philosophy as well. It is argued that the subject of philosophy as a scientific discipline is thinking and its forms, tools, and results – not cognitive activity, but human activity, objecti­fied in language, conceptual and figurative representations, cultural and social practices, and institutions, including science. Thus, science incorporating philosophy into its structure ac­quires the possibility to make not just itself (it is also possible within, for example, the framework of science studies), but its own boundaries and foundations the object of cog­nition. This opens the prospect for science to design its own development more effectively, while understanding science as a human enterprise and ensuring its humanistic orientation.
Clarification of the concept “object” in the present scientific discourse
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences, Rozin Vadim M.
Published: July 2022

The author, starting from the situation of the correct presentation in the course “History and Philosophy of Science” of Aristotle's views on movement, raises the question of the general conditions for the analysis and understanding of philosophical texts and the reality pre­sented in them. Two opposite interpretations of Stagirite’s statements are given. If from the point of view of the correspondence theory, Aristotle's understanding of movement and its causes looks erroneous, then in postmodern optics these views are seen as legitimate, con­ditioned by a language game. From the standpoint of a cultural-historical approach, the Aristotelian explanation of movement and its causes and the Galilean explanation are two different ways of thinking and studying, which the author analyzes. Concepts that allow to understand the situation of different interpretations of ancient and modern scientific re­search are characterized. According to the author, “ideal objects” allow one to think consis­tently, to solve problems and tasks facing a scientist (philosopher), to comprehend facts. In addition to the Kantian understanding of “the thing-in-itself”, one more thing is added – this concept allows not only to think about the cognized object, but also to understand it as a phenomenon (as a real phenomenon), including all its real manifestations. When the ways of thinking are also taken into account in the projection onto the phenomenon, the concept of “object of study” is introduced (in Kant, “phenomenon”, “object”). The effectiveness of using the distinctions of these three types of objects is demonstrated first by comprehend­ing the teachings of movement created by Aristotle Galileo, then by the example of histori­cal versions of the explanation of the phenomenon of heat. The considered material allows us to separate three more concepts: “objects of the first nature”, “artifacts”, they are created by a person, and “social objects” that are formed in culture. The latter in their formation go through three stages: at the first they are conceived and exist in a narrative and virtual form, at the second, the implementation of intentional constructions in social life takes place, at the third stage a new social phenomenon appears and begins to develop, which can already be studied.
Theology in the Mirror of Cognitive Religious Studies
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences, Samarina Tatiana Sergeevna
Published: July 2022

The article is a reflection on the achievements and methodology of the cognitive science of religion and is based on the book by C. White, An Introduction to the Cognitive Science of Religion, 2021 The author briefly considers the history of cognitive religious studies, highlighting the achievements of its classics, S. Guthrie, H. Whitehouse, P. Boyer, J. Barrette, and others, and analyzes its basic concepts: the building blocks approach, a dual-process model of consciousness, the theory of evolutionary adaptation, and the hypothesis of minimal counterintuitiveness. The main research interests of cognitive science are centered on five topics: the nature of the universe, life after death, supernatural agents, morality, and ritual. The analysis of the central topic of cognitive research, the theory of supernatural agents, shows the ambiguity of the heuristic boundaries of this theory. Considering the methodological moves and conceptual constructions, the author questions the presuppositions chosen by cognitive scientists as axiomatic grounds for research as well as the appropriateness of field research on which their main conclusions are based, and demonstrates that, from the point of view of the history of religious studies, the achievements of cognitive scientists are but a modern form of evolutionism proposed by E. Tylor.
Philosophical Principles of Heinrich Klee’s Theology (1800–1840)
Authors:   St. Tikhon’s Orthodox University, Fokin Alexander Anatolyevich
Published: July 2022

The article focuses on the study of the dogmatic works of Heinrich Klee (1800–1840) in relation to his criticism and reception of contemporary philosophical systems. The dogmatic theology of Heinrich Klee is a little-studied page in the history of Catholic religious thought in the first half of the 19th century, yet for his contemporaries Klee was a significant thinker, and his theology was the subject of active discussion. The works of Klee are known to have been criticized more than once in connection with the possible borrowing of philosophical ideas in his dogmatic theology. This criticism, however, was taken for granted, without being corroborated by any specific study of his texts – a fault the present article seeks to amend. The article attempts to fit the theology of Heinrich Klee into a philosophical context and analyze the philosophical principles in his theology. In the conclusions of the article, we highlight the tendencies and features of the use of philosophical concepts characteristic for Klee and emphasize the breadth and variety of philosophical trends he was debating. The article uses specific examples to demonstrate that, while openly criticizing such сelebrities as Hegel, Fichte, Schelling, Schleiermacher, Klee not only embraced their philosophical language but also borrowed their foundational ideas. In the article, it was demonstrated with specific examples that, openly criticizing such authors as Hegel, Fichte, Schelling, Schleiermacher, he perceives not only the philosophical language of these authors, but also borrows their system-forming ideas. At the same time, his theological thought moved within the strict framework of the Catholic concept of the objectivity of divine Revelation and the authority of the Church. The article sheds light not only on some of the philosophical and theological positions of a particular theologian of the early 19th century, but also on the discussion about the degree of philosophical foundation of theological constructions in the modern era as a whole.
John Wisdom’s Philosophy of Religion and Philosophical Theology in the Early Wittgensteinianism
Authors:   Russian Christian Academy for the Humanities, Rakhmanin Aleksei Yuryevich
Published: July 2022

The article deals with the question of whether and how the early Wittgensteinian philosophy of religion could be related to the idea of philosophical theology. Despite the bearing the Wittgensteinian tradition has had on a variety of theological developments, it remains unclear what from its philosophical practice and which of its philosophical hinges could be connected to theology in the first place. The argument proposed in the article is that philosophical theology within the early Wittgensteinian tradition (1930s–1940s) was concerned with the philosophical problems which were irrelevant to the theological ones. Outlining the context of the Wittgensteinian reasoning on religion and showing that it was crucial for a few of Wittgenstein’s followers, especially for John Wisdom (1904–1993), gives additional ground to this argument. It appears that the hinges Wisdom adopted from Wittgenstein – most importantly the descriptivist attitude and the idea of language as the only appropriate field for being observed philosophically – follow philosophical, rather than religious, commitments. One can see this by comparison of Wisdom’s views, esp. “the garden” argument, with those of Antony Flew, Richard Hare, and Basil Mitchell, who participated in the discussion, which can be regarded as the rise of the new philosophical theology. Whereas each of these philosophers developed one of Wisdom’s ideas – the discursive, the referential, and the contextualist aspects of God-talk – Wisdom had held the combination of these ideas. Paradoxically, this complexity came from Wisdom’s uncertainty as to the existence of a strict line between the analytic and the empirical propositions in real language. However, as a result, the philosopher understood the ontological dimension of God-talk, and yet could not make ontological verdicts, which makes this type of reasoning philosophically insightful yet theologically insignificant.
Shapes of the Religious-epistemological Paradigm of Modern Catholicism
Authors:   St. Cyril and Methodius Institute for Postgraduate Studies, Pilipenko Evgeny Anatolyevich
Published: July 2022

In the article, the author seeks to outline the epistemological guidelines in Catholicism which emerged as the result of the adaptation of the paradigm of religious knowledge to contemporary thought after Vatican II, as well as identify the attempts to solve the related theological problems in official statements and documents. While Catholic religious knowledge is consistently based on Revelation and the postulate of the existence of absolute Truth, its contemporary epistemology is marked by a strong historical-anthropological focus. The communication of the truths of faith requires explicative effort that conforms to the demands of a human person, the present situation of culture and science, and the socio-historical context of the life of the Church. Therefore, there is a growing need for a relevant study of the world and man in relation to the mystery of God. This function is entrusted to theology to be carried out within an interdisciplinary and ecumenical discourse. A special partnership is established with philosophy, based on recognition of its autonomous cognitive competences which may enrich theological knowledge. The awareness of theology’s scientific nature and mission has resulted in a desire for critical independence of theology within the Church. At the same time, the conceptual and methodological adjustments raise the problem of dogmatic relativism. The way to solve the problem is in an informal treatment of the concept of ecclesiasticism that may ensure the freedom of theological reflection while keeping a profound connection to ecclesiological reality, as well as in building balanced communication between different authoritative sources. The article demonstrates the existing tendency to diversify the magisterial authority of the hierarchy by reinforcing other verification criteria and instances. The observed possibility for forming a multipolar epistemological model within a hierarchical structure is significant for justifying the consistency of theology as a discursive discipline without compromising its ecclesiastical-religious essence.
Multi-vector orientations of Russia’s civilizational development
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences, Stepanyants Marietta T.
Published: July 2022

The problem of choosing the path of civilizational development is considered in a broad historical context. The geographical position of Russia has not allowed it to stay absolutely separate from the whole world: the unique wideness of the territory makes it “open” from the West to the East and from the South to the North. The consequence of this had been and remain both Russia’s vulnerability to invasion (in all senses of the word) and the advantage of accessing to as well as profiting from cultural, scientific, technоlogic achievements of the neighboring civilizations. The vectors of this process constantly changed mainly due to political situations. Russia has repeatedly found itself at a crossroads, and even today it has not fully decided to choose the vector of development followed by the West or that one which the peoples of the East prefer? The attractiveness of Western civilization is in principle clear. The West has created the most comfortable society that provides its citizens with a high standard of living and significant social support. It is at the forefront of scientific progress, equipped with the latest technology. In the West, democratic institutions and various forms of civil society are widely functioning. And in what the experience of civilizational development of Asian states representing Eastern civilizations could be useful for Russia? This is the question that this article attempts to answer.
The views of Yu.K. Pletnikov on the relationship between formational and civilizational approaches in the context of academic discussions of the second half of the 20th century
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences, Shevchenko Vladimir N.
Published: July 2022

The article deals with the theoretical views of Yu.K. Pletnikov, one of the prominent scien­tists in the field of social philosophy (historical materialism) in the context of the discus­sions that took place in the academic environment in the second half of the 20th century. It is shown that the theory of socio-economic formations was at the center of the discus­sions of the 60–70s. A number of authors proposed a new, modern for those times, under­standing of the evolution of K. Marx’s views on the formational division of the history of society, which was then subjected to harsh and generally unfair criticism. Further, the theoretical activity of Yu.K. Pletnikov after his arrival at the Institute of Philosophy in the mid-70s is considered. Yu.K. Pletnikov made a great contribution to a systematic ex­position of the theory of historical materialism, including a new understanding of the for­mational teachings of K. Marx. In particular, he substantiated the need to consider the for­mational and civilizational approaches in their organic connection and interdependence, opposed the displacement of formational issues to the periphery of scientific research. Yu.K. Pletnikov consistently adhered to the positions of creative Marxism throughout his entire creative activity. Particular attention is drawn to the relevance of his philosophical views, according to which the further development of Marxist socio-philosophical theory requires not only critical assimilation, “dialectical removal” of many achievements of non-Marxist scientists and their inclusion in the theoretical building of Marxism, but also its enrichment with new ideas and new issues in close connection with the search for solu­tions to the most complex problems of the modern multipolar world.
On consensus as a principle in socio-philosophical research
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences, Sizemskaya Irina N.
Published: July 2022

The article considers consensus as a philosophical and analytical principle that focuses on mutual understanding and the necessary measure of agreement in social research and as a socio-cultural basis for the movement of the history of mankind and local civiliza­tions from the past to the present and possible future. In this regard, the author turns to the discussion in the horse of the twentieth century of the cognitive possibilities of the formational and civilizational approaches, the common vector of which was the liberation of social knowledge from ideological schemes and class-evaluation cliches that dominated it on the platform of the “five-member” formational paradigm. At the same time, during the discussion, as shown in the article, behind the civilizational methodol­ogy, the universal, that is, the cultural dimension of the historical process has been estab­lished. This initiated a surge of interest in consensus as a principle of socio-philosophical analysis. One of the first researchers who examined the consensus in a new methodologi­cal way was A.S. Panarin.
Intraoperative pleth variability index-based fluid therapy and geriatric gastrointestinal surgical outcomes: a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Wang Yu , Zhang Yue , Zheng Jin , WU Caineng , Li Lina , Guo Zhijia , wu xinhai
Published: July 2022

Background: Postoperative complications have been reported in elderly patients undergoing gastrointestinal surgical procedures, despite advancements in surgical and perioperative care. The clinical benefits of pleth variability index-directed fluid management for geriatric gastrointestinal surgical patients remain unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the impact of intraoperative goal-directed fluid therapy based on the pleth variability index on geriatric gastrointestinal surgical outcomes.Methods: This randomised controlled trial was conducted in two university teaching hospitals from November 2017 to December 2020. A total of 220 older adults undergoing gastrointestinal surgery were randomised to the goal-directed fluid therapy group or conventional fluid therapy group (n=110 each). The final analyses included 201 patients (conventional fluid therapy group, n=99; goal-directed fluid therapy group, n=102). The patients received intraoperative goal-directed fluid therapy (pleth variability index <13%) or conventional fluid therapy. The primary outcome was composite complications within 30 postoperative days. The secondary outcomes were major postoperative complications according to the Clavien-Dindo classification (grades III–IV), time to first flatus, and postoperative length of stay.Results: The total volumes of fluid administered and crystalloid infusion were less in the goal-directed fluid therapy group than in the conventional fluid therapy group (P=0.009 and P=0.007, respectively). Lactate concentrations at the beginning of surgery and at discharge were comparable between the conventional fluid therapy group and the goal-directed fluid therapy group (P=0.675 and P=0.733, respectively). The proportion of patients who died or experienced complications was similar between the conventional fluid therapy group and the goal-directed fluid therapy group (45.5% vs. 48.0%, P=0.713). The proportion of major postoperative complications was higher in the conventional fluid therapy group (25.3% vs. 13.7%, P=0.039). No significant between-group differences in the time to first flatus and postoperative length of stay were identified (P=0.415 and P=0.492, respectively).Conclusions: Among elderly patients undergoing gastrointestinal surgery, intraoperative goal-directed fluid therapy based on the pleth variability index did not reduce the occurrence of composite postoperative complications but was associated with a lower major postoperative complication rate than conventional fluid therapy.Trial Registration: http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=20828, Identifier: ChiCTR-TRC-17012220
A novelty co-culture system for Ulcerative Colitis modeling and drug discovery
Authors: Yang Cuiping , Yang Xiaojin , Yang Yanping , Zhang Mengying , Xie Ling , Yu XiaoJun , Cai Boer , Wu Yunlin , Zhang Weiyu , Chen Ping
Published: July 2022

The interaction between intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) and lymphocytes is known to regulate mucosal barrier function, immune responses, and by extension, to play an etiologic role in the development of chronic inflammation in Ulcerative colitis (UC). However, the biologic function of lymphocytes and their relationship with IECs is insufficiently understood. In this study, we report, for the first time, the establishment of 3-dimensional (3D) co-culture systems of lymphocytes and mouse primary colonic organoids.C57BL/6 mice were treated with dextran sulfate sodium to induce acute colonic inflammation. Primary colonic organoids were established from cells isolated from mouse colons. Lymphocytes isolated from spleens by Ficoll density gradient assays. Colonoids and lymphocytes were co-cultured. The effects of the tested drugs on the co-culture system were assayed by Enzyme-linked Immune Sorbent Assay (ELISA) for inflammatory molecules. Inflammatory stimulation resulted in a significant increase in inflammatory cytokines in the supernatant of the colonoid-lymphocyte organoid system. Treatment with drugs known to be effective in patients with UC demonstrated a reduction in inflammatory cytokines. These findings argue that the colonoid-lymphocyte system can be utilized to model inflammation in vitro as well as for drug discovery. To validate these findings, we tested three other drugs. We produced experimental evidence that, indeed, these three drugs also induced a decrease in inflammatory cytokines of varying degrees. We report, for the first time, the successful establishment of a 3D colonoid-lymphocyte system and we validate its ability to predict the anti-inflammatory properties of several small molecules.
Impacts of the complementarity of Integrated Soil Fertility Management (ISFM) technologies on multiple dimensions of food (in)security and household resilience: evidence from Ghana
Authors: jinbaani alhassan nuhu nuhu , Wale Edilegnaw Zegeye
Published: July 2022

BackgroundClimate variability and declining soil fertility continue to affect agricultural productivity and food security in Sub-Saharan Africa. Food insecurity is much prevalent among crop farmers compared to cash crop and non-farm workers in Ghana. However, limited empirical evidence exists on the role of complementary technologies in improving household food security and resilience. MethodsEmploying two rounds of nationally representative data from Ghana and multinomial endogenous switching regression framework, the study evaluates the effects of adoption of the combinations of ISFM technologies on all the four dimensions of food security and household resilience. ResultsThe results showed that all the ISFM choices positively and significantly affect all the dimensions of food security and household resilience. Joint adoption of the complete ISFM package gives the highest gain in all the dimensions of food security and household resilience, except value of household physical assets. ConclusionsRural development interventions have to focus on the adoption of the complete ISFM package since the adoption of any single ISFM technology or a combination of any two ISFM technologies is associated with minimal impact in terms of household food security and resilience. There should be a consistent awareness creation among policy makers and farmers that multiple technology adoption meets the food security needs of farmers better than adoption of any single improved technology. Input subsidy programs should include organic fertilizers in order to optimize program benefits on all the four dimensions of food security.