bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
USE OF SAPROPEL FOR REMOVAL OF HEAVY METALS FROM SOLUTION / SILICINIO SAPROPELIO NAUDOJIMAS SUNKIESIEMS METALAMS ŠALINTI IŠ TIRPALO
Authors: Birgėlaitė Rūta , Valskys Vaidotas , Ignatavičius Gytautas
Published: November 2016

Abundant resources, natural and organic material – sapropel containing a multitude of different chemical elements has a great potential to be used in different areas, but for now these rich resources are not widely used because of different chemical composition of sapropel research is very few. The article deals with silicon sapropel as a sorbent is able to absorb heavy metals from the solution depending on the time and the concentration of heavy metals in the solution. The sorption studies of heavy metal concentrations were measured in dry sapropel sample using Thermo Scientific Niton® XL2 series of X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (XPS). Also, the heavy metal concentrations in solution were measured by atomic absorption spectrometer AAnalyst 200 (AAS). Get sapropel sorption capacity results are analyzed through absorption capacity curves and Matala ion removal efficiency curves. Also, comparing the results with the initial concentration of heavy metals sapropel and foreign authors used sorbent properties. After thorough research sapropel sorption capacity can be added to the knowledge of sapropel properties utilization. Gausūs natūralios organinės medžiagos – sapropelio, kurio sudėtyje yra daug įvairių cheminių elementų, – ištekliai turi didelį potencialą būti panaudoti įvairiose srityse. Šiuo metu šie gausūs ištekliai nėra plačiai naudojami, nes atlikta labai nedaug sapropelio įvairios cheminės sudėties tyrimų. Straipsnyje nagrinėjama silicinio sapropelio kaip sorbento geba sorbuoti sunkiuosius metalus iš tirpalo, priklausomai nuo laiko ir sunkiųjų metalų koncentracijos tirpale. Atlikus sorbcijos tyrimus, sunkiųjų metalų koncentracijos matuotos sausame sapropelio mėginyje, naudojant Thermo Scientific Niton® XL2 serijos rentgeno spindulių fluorescencinį spektrometrą (RFS). Taip pat sunkiųjų metalų koncentracijos matuotos tirpale naudojant atominės absorbcijos spektrometrą AAnalyst 200 (AAS). AAS tyrimus atliko atestuota UAB „Vilniaus vandenys“ geriamojo vandens laboratorija. Gauti sapropelio sorbcinės talpos tyrimų rezultatai analizuojami sudarant adsorbcinės talpos kreives bei metalo jonų pašalinimo efektyvumo kreives. Taip pat rezultatai buvo palyginti su pradine sunkiųjų metalų koncentracija sapropelyje ir užsienio autorių naudotų sorbentų sorbcinėmis savybėmis. Atlikus tyrimus gautas 97,4 % sorbento-sapropelio pašalinimo efektyvumas sorbuojant šviną ir 97,24 % sorbuojant cinką. Tyrimų rezultatų paklaida patikrinta lyginant išmatuotą sorbento talpą su apskaičiuotąja. Švino adsorbcinės talpos paklaida siekia 4–9 mg/kg, o cinko 1–14 mg/kg.
Update on Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Depression and Other Neuropsychiatric Illnesses
Authors: Becker Jonathan E. , Maley Christopher , Shultz Elizabeth , Taylor Warren D.
Published: November 2016

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a neuromodulation technique that was first approved for the treatment of major depressive disorder in 2008. Because of the success of TMS in treating depression, there has been interest in applications for other neuropsychiatric diseases. During the last several years, research has grown on the use of TMS for obsessive-compulsive disorder, schizophrenia, substance use disorders, anxiety disorders, posttraumatic stress disorder, Parkinson's disease, and chronic pain. This article provides a brief background of the current use of TMS in clinical practice and reviews the current data on the use of TMS in the treatment of depression and other neuropsychiatric disorders.[Psychiatr Ann. 2016;46(11):637–641.]
Benefit of extraperitonization to prevent septic intraabdominal complications after distal rectal cancer surgery
Authors: Atanasov Boyko , Sakakushev Boris
Published: November 2016

Colorectal cancer is one of the most common oncological diseases. Surgery is the main treatment modality and laparoscopic colorectal resection has been gaining popularity over the past two decades. Neoadjuvant therapy is considered standard treatment for 2nd and 3rd stage distal rectal cancer. We present our retrospective study of 127 patients with anterior rectum resection (ARR) and total mesorectal excision (TME) for low rectal cancer operated on between 2012 and 2015 in two surgical wards. In all 59 laparoscopic ARR neoadjuvant therapy, intraabdominal drainage and ileostomy was performed, while extra-peritonization was done in 21 and no pre-sacral drainage was used. In the conventional group of 68 ARR, 21 had neo-adjuvant therapy, everyone has had extra-peritonization, pre-sacral drainage and no protective ileostomy performed. Early postoperative complications were registered in 25 patients, 24 related to the operation and 1 due to a recurrent brain stroke, all classified from I to III by Clavien Dindo scale. There were 9 anastomosis insufficiences: 6 in conventional and 3 in laparoscopic operations. In 3 patients (2 conventional and 1 laparoscopic) with low ARR and signs of peritoneal contamination re-laparotomy was performed with successive outcome. All patients survived. Our routine practice of extra-peritonization and pre-sacral-perianal drainage in open ARR eliminate the possibility of postoperative peritonitis after anastomosis insufficiency, limiting the infection to low pelvic phlegmona and local intra-abdominal pelvic infection in overlooked cases.
Therapeutic interventions in intimate partner violence: an overview
Authors: Condino Valeria , Tanzilli Annalisa , Speranza Anna Maria , Lingiardi Vittorio
Published: November 2016

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is associated with significant morbidity and mortality, and its prevention is a global public health priority. There is strong scientific evidence that suggests IPV and symptoms such as anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, substance abuse, chronic pain, etc. are linked. Despite recommendations and various interventions for the treatment of IPV that have been tried in these last 20 years, the rates of recurrence are still too high. Furthermore, there is a lack of research evidence for the effectiveness of the most common treatments provided for victims and perpetrators of IPVs. The purpose of this paper is to present most used, at a global level, therapeutic interventions for women experiencing IPV (as well as treatments for perpetrators). The possibility of building a preliminary theoretical and clinical model is discussed.
Hospitales españoles en la web social. Gestión de Facebook y Twitter por el Hospital Sant Joan de Dèu (Barcelona)
Authors: Costa-Sánchez Carmen , Túñez-López Miguel , Videla-Rodríguez José-Juan
Published: November 2016

Se analiza la presencia de los hospitales españoles con mejor reputación en la Web participativa y se profundiza en el estudio de caso de uno de ellos, el Hospital Sant Joan de Dèu (Barcelona). El objetivo es doble: diagnosticar la adopción general de social media y evaluar la gestión de Facebook y Twitter por uno de los hospitales más destacados. Metodología. Se combina un estudio observacional descriptivo transversal con el análisis de contenido para el estudio de caso. Resultados y conclusiones. Solo un 50% de los hospitales españoles utilizan Facebook, Twitter o YouTube como canales de comunicación. Los porcentajes descienden por debajo del 30% para el resto de medios sociales. El hospital analizado se convierte en educador en salud en sus principales redes 2.0. Las publicaciones con mayor impacto social son aquellas relacionadas con temáticas sensibles, así como proyectos individuales y solidarios que implican a la red propia del agente en cuestión.
Job Placement Agencies in an Artificial Labor Market
Authors: Wozniak Marcin
Published: November 2016

In this paper, an agent-based search and matching (ABSAM) model of a local labor market with heterogeneous agents and an on-the-job search is developed, i.e. job seekers who vary in unemployment duration, skills levels and preferences compete for vacancies which differ for skills demands and the sector of the economy. Job placement agencies help unemployed persons find appropriate job vacancies by improving their search effectiveness and by sharing job advertisements. These agents cooperate in an artificial labor market where the key economic conditions are imposed. The interactions between the participants are drawn directly from labor market search theory. The main research task was to measure the direct and indirect impacts of labor market policies on labor market outcomes. The global parameters of the ABSAM model were calibrated with the Latin hypercube sampling technique for one of the largest urban areas in Poland. To study the impact of parameters on model output, two global sensitivity analysis methods were used, i.e. Morris screening and Sobol indices. The results show that the job placement agencies’ services, as well as minimum wage and unemployment benefits, considerably interact with and influence unemployment and longterm unemployment ratios, wage levels, duration of periods of unemployment, skills demand, and worker turnover. Moreover, strong indirect effects were detected, e.g. programs aimed at one group of job seekers affected other job seekers and the whole economy. This impacts are sometimes positive and sometimes negative.
Measurement of alkyl and multifunctional organic nitrates by Proton Transfer Reaction Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Duncianu Marius , David Marc , Kartigueyane Sakthivel , Cirtog Manuela , Doussin Jean-Francois , Picquet-Varrault Benedicte
Published: November 2016

Abstract. A commercial PTR-ToF-MS has been optimized in order to allow the measurement of individual organic nitrates in the atmosphere. This has been accomplished by shifting the distribution between different ionizing analytes, H3O+/H3O+(H2O)n or NO+/NO2+. The proposed approach has been proved to be appropriate for the on-line detection of individual alkyl nitrates and functionalized nitrates. It has been shown that hydroxyl- and keto-nitrates have a high affinity towards NO+, leading to the formation of an adduct that allows to easily identify the organic nitrate (R) with the R-NO+ ion signal. The recorded sensitivities for both ionization modes correspond to detection limits of tens of ppt min−1 in the case of hydroxy- and keto-nitrates. Alkyl nitrates exhibit a moderate affinity towards NO+ ionization leading to detection units of few hundreds of ppt and the highest sensitivity in H3O+ mode was obtained for the water adducts signals. This method exhibits however lower capabilities for the detection of PANs with detection limits in the ppb range.
Feathery and network-like filamentous textures as indicators for the re-crystallization of quartz from a metastable silica precursor at the Rusey Fault Zone, Cornwall, UK
Authors: Yilmaz Tim I. , Duschl Florian , Di Genova Danilo
Published: November 2016

Abstract. Hydrothermal quartz crystals, which occur in the Rusey Fault Zone (Cornwall, UK), show feathery textures and network-like filamentous textures. Optical hot-cathodoluminescence (CL) analysis and laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) investigations on quartz samples revealed that positions exhibiting feathery textures (violet luminescence) contain higher amounts of Al and Li than quartz positions without feathery textures (blue luminescence), while concentrations of Al and Li are significantly lower in feathery textures. Both Al and Li correlate negatively with Si. Raman spectroscopy investigations revealed the presence of a weak peak at 507–509 cm−1 in quartz affected by feathery textures, which we attribute to the presence of  ≤  5 % moganite, a microcrystalline silica polymorph, intergrown with chalcedony. The combined occurrence of feathery textures and network-like filamentous textures in quartz samples from the Rusey Fault Zone points to the presence of a metastable silica precursor (i.e., amorphous silica or silica gel) before or during the crystallization.
Concentration, sources and light absorption characteristics of
dissolved organic carbon on a medium-sized valley glacier, northern
Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Yan Fangping , Kang Shichang , Li Chaoliu , Zhang Yulan , Qin Xiang , Li Yang , Zhang Xiaopeng , Hu Zhaofu , Chen Pengfei , Li Xiaofei , Qu Bin , Sillanpää Mika
Published: November 2016

Abstract. Light-absorbing dissolved organic carbon (DOC) constitutes a major part of the organic carbon in glacierized regions, and has important influences on the carbon cycle and radiative forcing of glaciers. However, few DOC data are currently available from the glacierized regions of the Tibetan Plateau (TP). In this study, DOC characteristics of a medium-sized valley glacier (Laohugou Glacier No. 12, LHG) on the northern TP were investigated. Generally, DOC concentrations on LHG were comparable to those in other regions around the world. DOC concentrations in snow pits, surface snow and surface ice (superimposed ice) were 332 ± 132, 229 ± 104 and 426 ± 270 µg L−1, respectively. The average discharge-weighted DOC of proglacial stream water was 238 ± 96 µg L−1, and the annual DOC flux released from this glacier was estimated to be 6949 kg C yr−1, of which 46.2 % of DOC was bioavailable and could be decomposed into CO2 within 1 month of its release. The mass absorption cross section (MAC) of DOC at 365 nm was 1.4 ± 0.4 m2 g−1 in snow and 1.3 ± 0.7 m2 g−1 in ice, similar to the values for dust transported from adjacent deserts. Moreover, there was a significant relationship between DOC and Ca2+; therefore, mineral dust transported from adjacent arid regions likely made important contributions to DOC of the glacierized regions, although contributions from autochthonous carbon and autochthonous/heterotrophic microbial activity cannot be ruled out. The radiative forcing of snow pit DOC was calculated to be 0.43 W m−2, demonstrating that DOC in snow needs to be taken into consideration in accelerating melt of glaciers on the TP.
Digital Transformations?: Gendering the End User in Digital Government Policy
Authors: Martin Fiona , Goggin Gerard
Published: November 2016

Digital government strategies espouse user-centric design and citizen participation, but it is unclear how they explicitly address the needs of women, who are significant users of health, social welfare, and aged-care services. This article analyzes how Australia's 2015 Digital Transformations initiative, based on the British Gov.uk program, attends to international benchmarks for gender equality and empowerment in ICT policy. It finds gender awareness absent from construction of a service end user, with disability and ethnicity constituting the markers of sociocultural difference. In response it proposes gender-aware codesign principles for developing more equitable, effective online service delivery.
IPad Acceptance by English Learners in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Lawrence Barry A. M.
Published: November 2016

This study used the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT; Venkatesh, Morris, Davis, & Davis, 2003) model to investigate factors predicting the acceptance of iPad tablets by learners of English as a foreign language (EFL) at a technical vocational college in Saudi Arabia. An online survey was conducted on 199 male learners, and a simultaneous multiple regression analysis was conducted on the data. The results indicated that a belief in the device’s educational potential, a sense that it was straightforward to use, and the perception that the infrastructure would support usage were all significant predictors of the behavioral intention to use iPads. Social factors did not indicate an acceptance of the device. The findings highlighted areas of importance for educators intending to adopt mobile devices in second language instruction and partially supported the application of the UTAUT.
Effect of Storage Methods on Carbohydrate and Moisture of Cassava Planting Materials
Authors: Mdenye Baraka B. , Kinama Josiah M. , Olubayo Florence M. , Kivuva Benjamin M. , Muthomi James W.
Published: November 2016

Storage of cassava (Manihot esculenta Cruntz.) planting materials has been a challenge because of its properties of moisture and carbohydrates loss under storage. Two varieties of cassava cuttings 1 m long, stored for four months under four different storage methods in two locations Kabete and Kiboko. The storage methods were clamp under double shade (CUDS), horizontal under shade (HUS), vertical under shade (VUS) and the control horizontal under open ground (HOUG). In each storage method data loggers were installed to record temperature and RH. Percentage carbohydrate, moisture content (MC), 100% dry cuttings (DC) and cuttings dried to 25% or more of its stored length but not 100% were measured at intervals of 4 weeks. Data were subjected ANOVA and means separated using LSD. CUDS performed better than other storage methods in all parameters measured. The results showed cuttings stored under CUDS lost less moisture than those stored in HUOG. The moisture loss in CUDS was from 70.16%-56.69% while that of HUOG dropped from 70.16% to 27.26% within 8 weeks after storage. High rate of carbohydrate loss was observed in Kiboko than Kabete. Mean temperatures were 25 °C Kiboko and 22 °C Kabete. The results showed that temperature had effect on loss of carbohydrate. The results have proven that safe storage of cassava planting material is affected by plant related factors as well as environmental conditions.
The Impact of the Use of Agricultural Accounting on the Financial Performance of Broiler Industry: A Comparative Evaluation Approach on Broiler Industry in Jordan
Authors: Al-Sharafat Ali
Published: November 2016

The main objective of this study was to introduce a comparative analysis to demonstrate the impact of the use of agricultural accounting on the financial performance of broiler farms in Jordan. Broiler farmers in Jordan constituted the study’s population. A sample size of 65 broilers farms was randomly selected. Simple random sampling (SRS) procedure was followed. A structured questionnaire was used to obtain data from the interviewed farmers. Returns, costs (fixed and variable), net income and other related financial items were the main items covered in the survey. Data were collected during the period from March 15th 2014 to January 30th 2015. The financial performance of the investigated broiler farms was assessed using financial indicators related to benefit-cost analysis procedure. To achieve study objectives, the Net Present Value (NPV), the Internal Rate of Return (IRR) and the Benefits-Costs ratio (B/C) were used. The sample was divided into two categories, the first category consisted of 33 farmers who were adopting agricultural accounting procedures, and the second category consisted of 32 farmers who were not adopting any agricultural accounting procedures or they were adopting minimum level of these procedures. The results of this study revealed that broiler farms adopting agricultural accounting procedures were significantly higher in their financial performance. The values of the three financial indicators (NPV, IRR and B/C) for broiler these farms were positive, high and acceptable compared to farms without or with minimum level of agricultural accounting procedures. Agricultural accounting procedures keep farm efficient, so it is recommended to introduce proper strategies to improve broiler farmers agricultural accounting skills for Jordanian broiler producers. Also, a vital issue to be taken in consideration is to develop agricultural accounting procedures to be utilized by broiler farm managers or owners. Effective management of a farming operation today requires that farm accounting records be kept and updated so managers can make informed decisions affecting the profitability of their farms.
The Influence of Lime and Nitrogen Fertilizer on Soil Acidity, Growth and Nitrogen Uptake of Corn in Total Reclaimed Potential Acid Sulphate Soil
Authors: Lestari Yuli , Maas Azwar , Purwanto Benito Heru , Utami Sri Nuryani Hidayah
Published: November 2016

This study aims to determine the effect of lime and nitrogen fertilizer on soil acidities characters, growth and nitrogen uptake of corn in total reclaimed of potential acid sulphate soil. A pot experiment with a completely randomized design arranged in factorial with three replications was conducted in the Greenhouse of Indonesian Swampland Agricultural Research Institute (ISARI) from August 2014 to December 2015. The first factor was the rate of lime as dolomite: (i) 25 t ha-1, and (ii) 37.5 t ha-1. The second factor was the type of nitrogen fertilizer: (a) control (without N), (b) nitrogen 115 kg ha-1, (c) chicken manure 6 t ha-1 (the total N content is 1.98%) and (d) nitrogen 57.5 kg ha-1 + 3 t ha-1 chicken manure. Urea (N content is 39.76%) was used for fertilization. The observed variables were the soil acidities properties (pH, Electrical conductivity/EC, available-H, available-Al) before, after total reclamation, and at the maximum vegetative stage of corn, plant growth and uptake of shoot nitrogen. The results showed that the process of consecutively aeration-leaching of the potential acid sulphate soils able to increase the soil pH, declining the EC value, as well as availabe bases, available-H, available-Al and the content of pyrite. The application of dolomite increased soil pH, EC, and available-H, while available-Al decreased, its effect was more pronounced in higher rate. Application of dolomite 25 t ha-1 and 37.5 t ha-1 respectively increased soil pH from 3.29 to 4.36 and 4.87, EC from 0.70 mS cm-1 to 1.51 mS cm-1, available-H from 1.30 cmol(+) kg-1 to 2.68 cmol(+) kg-1 and 1.44 cmol(+) kg-1 and decreased available-Al from 14.04 cmol(+) kg-1 to 4.71 cmol(+) kg-1 and 2.66 cmol(+) kg-1. However, these rates was not able to neutralize the existing acidity due to the acidity still being produced out of remaining pyrite which was still in active stages. It was showed increasing pH soil followed by EC. The interaction between the application of dolomite and nitrogen fertilizer is significantly influenced plant height and shoot N uptake. The highest plant height and shoot N uptake were 112 cm and 267.69 mg plant-1 respectively, were obtained in application dolomite 25 t ha-1 combined with nitrogen 57.5 kg ha-1 plus chicken manure 3 t ha-1. The highest of averages shoot and root dry weight was 20.97 g and 6.40 g respectively which were obtained in the application of nitrogen 57.5 kg ha-1 + chicken manure 3 t ha-1.
Nodulation, Nutrient Uptake and Yield of Common Bean Inoculated with Rhizobia and Trichoderma in an Acid Soil
Authors: Mweetwa Alice M. , Chilombo Gwen , Gondwe Brian M.
Published: November 2016

Common bean is an important source of protein, fat, carbohydrate, vitamins and minerals for both human beings and livestock. In Zambia, common bean is produced mostly by smallholder farmers whose current yields fall far short of the potential 2 t/ha due to various challenges. Among the biophysical constraints, poor soil fertility and acidity pose the greatest challenges. This study investigated the individual and dual inoculation of Rhizobia and Trichoderma to common bean in a phosphorus deficient, acid soil. Soil in which the common bean was grown was characterized for selected chemical properties before planting and at harvest using standard laboratory procedures. Soils were amended with nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer at the rates of 100 kg N and 80 kg P2O5 per ha; 1 g/kg of seed of Trichoderma harzianum; 100 g/kg of seed of Rhizobium tropici; or a combination of both at the recommended rates at planting. Nodulation and nodule effectiveness were determined at 51 days after planting. Nitrogen and phosphorus accumulation in the above ground biomass, biomass and grain yields were determined at maturity. To determine differences among soil amendments, data were analysed using Analysis of Variance and Least Significant Difference at 95% confidence limit. Relationships among parameters were determined using correlation analysis. The results showed that amending soils with inorganic N at high rates can depress nodulation even in the presence of high levels of inorganic phosphorus. Inoculating common bean with Rhizobia and Trichoderma either singly or in combination increases nodule number and effectiveness per plant but may not result in higher nitrogen and phosphorus accumulation, or in an increase in subsequent biomass or grain yields. The low phosphorus accumulation in Trichoderma inoculated plants observed in this study needs to be investigated further by studying the extent of colonization and the accompanying changes in root volume.
Clinicopathologic Characteristics and Mutational Status of Succinate Dehydrogenase Genes in Paraganglioma of the Urinary Bladder: A Multi-Institutional Korean Study
Authors: Park Sanghui , Kang So Young , Kwon Ghee Young , Kwon Ji Eun , Kim Sang Kyum , Kim Ji Yeon , Kim Chul Hwan , Kim Hyun-Jung , Moon Kyung Chul , Pyo Ju Yeon , Park Won Young , Park Eun Su , Sung Ji-Youn , Sung Sun Hee , Oh Young-Ha , Lee Seung Eun , Lee Wonae , Lee Jong Im , Cho Nam Hoon , Jung Soo Jin , Cho Min-Sun , Cho Yong Mee , Cho Hyun Yee , Cha Eun Jung , Chae Yang-Seok , Choe Gheeyoung , Choi Yeong Jin , Huh Jooryung , Ro Jae Y.
Published: November 2016

Context.—

Because of the limited number of available primary bladder paraganglioma (PBPG) cases, the rates of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) mutations and the clinicopathologic characteristics of SDH-deficient tumors have not been fully studied.

Objective.—

To define the clinicopathologic and molecular characteristics of PBPGs.

Design.—

A total of 52 PBPGs were collected retrospectively. SDHA and SDHB immunohistochemical stains were performed. In cases of SDHB expression loss, mutation analyses of SDHB, SDHC, and SDHD were performed.

Results.—

The clinicopathologic features were analyzed for 52 cases (M:F = 27:25), with a mean age of 56 years (range, 22–79 years). Tumor sizes were 0.5 to 8 cm (mean, 2.4 cm). Tumor necrosis was present in 5 of 52 cases (10%), involvement of muscularis propria in 41 (79%), and lymphovascular tumor invasion in 6 (12%). During a mean follow-up period of 41 months (range, 1–161 months), 3 of 52 patients (6%) developed metastases, but no one died from the disease. Immunohistochemistry for SDHA and SDHB showed that all cases were SDHA intact. Among them, 43 cases had intact SDHB, whereas 9 cases were SDHB deficient. Compared with the SDHB-intact cases, the SDHB-deficient cases were characterized by large tumor sizes (4.5 versus 1.9 cm; P < .001), a higher number of mitoses per 10 high-powered fields (2.6 versus 0.1; P = .002), and frequent lymphovascular tumor invasion (33% versus 7%; P = .02) and metastases (22% versus 2%; P = .02). Mutational analyses for SDHB, SDHC, and SDHD were performed in 9 SDHB-deficient cases. Among them, 6 cases were successfully sequenced and revealed SDHB mutations only.

Conclusions.—

Large tumor size, a higher number of mitoses, and the presence of lymphovascular tumor invasion and SDHB mutations suggest malignant paraganglioma.
Morfologia e densidade básica das folhas de tucum (Bactris inundata Martius) como fonte de fibras celulósicas para papel.
Authors: Pereira Sanatiel de Jesus , Muñiz Graciela Inés Bolzon de , Nisgoski Silvana , Ceccantini Gregório
Published: November 2016

Este trabalho trata da avaliação das características morfológicas e da densidade das palhas provenientes das folhas da palmácea Bactris inundata Martius. A densidade básica das folhas de tucum (Bactris inundata) apresentou-se bastante uniforme no momento da sua determinação, tendo sido observado um valor médio de 0,342 g/cm³. Bactris inundata apresentou duas fibras diferenciadas pelas suas características morfológicas. Uma, com comprimento médio de 0,69 mm, largura de 10,56 µm, lume de 2,63 µm e espessura da parede de 3,97 µm, classificada como curta; outra, com comprimento médio de 2,33 mm, largura de 7,66 µm, lume de 1,85 µm e espessura da parede de 2,91 µm, classificada como longa. A fibra "A" de Bactris inundata apresentou um baixo coeficiente de flexibilidade (25,12%) e um razoável índice de enfeltramento (66,85). A fibra "B" de Bactris inundata apresentou um baixo coeficiente de flexibilidade (24,09%) e um altíssimo índice de enfeltramento (313,59). As relações entre as dimensões das fibras indicaram que estas podem ser utilizadas na produção de papel kraft com bons índices de resistência físico- -mecânica em algumas de suas propriedades.
Quantificação e caracterização energética da madeira e casca de espécies do cerrado.
Authors: Vale Ailton Teixeira do , Brasil Maria Aparecida Mourão , Leão Alcides Lopes
Published: November 2016

Em uma faixa de cerrado sensu stricto, de 63,56 ha, da Fazenda Água Limpa, de propriedade da Universidade de Brasília-DF, foram delimitadas dez parcelas de 20 x 50 m cada nas quais se identificaram e medam as alturas totais e o diâmetro, tomado a 30 cm de altura do solo, de todas as árvores com diâmetro igual ou superior a 5cm. Foram sorteadas para serem derrubadas e pesadas, no máximo três (3) indivíduos por espécie e por classe de diâmetro, em sete classes diametrais pré-estabelecidas (5-9; 9-13...., 29-33 cm). Em cada indivíduo, foram coletadas seções transversais a zero (base), 25, 50, 75 e 100% (topo) da altura do tronco, partindo da base, embaladas em sacos plásticos e levadas para laboratório, para obtenção da massa específica básica, do poder calorífico superior e dos teores de cinzas, materiais volátil e carbono fixo da madeira e da casca. Foram identificadas 47 espécies. A biomassa seca do povoamento apresentou 71% de madeira e 29% de casca, sendo a árvore formada, em média, de 53% de ramos e 47% de tronco. A produção média de biomassa seca total para a área foi de 12,38 t/ha, com variações individuais de 0,44 kg/ha (Symplocos rhaminifolia, com um indivíduo/ha) a 2.886,04 kg/ha (Sclerolobium paniculatum, com 46 indivíduos/ha). A produção média por árvore foi de 18,39 kg. A massa específica básica da madeira variou de 0,20 g/cm3 a 0,78 g/cm3 e a da casca de 0,17 g/cm3 a 0,67 g/cm,3. O poder calorífico superior variou de 4.516 kcal/kg a 4.989 kcal/kg, com média de 4.763 kcal/kg, enquanto o da casca variou de 4.187 kcal/kg a 5.738 kcal/kg. O teor de carbono fixo médio foi de 20,73% para a madeira e de 25,19% para a casca. Vochysia thysoidea destacou-se pela grande produção energética (392,49 Mcal/árvore, 20 árvores/ha e 7.849,80 Mcal/ha) em função da alta produção de biomassa tanto individual quanto por área, porém com características físicas da madeira inferiores (massa específica baixa - 0,49 g/cm3 e poder calorífico abaixo da média para a área - 4.713 kcal/kg). Acosmium dasycargpum por sua vez apresentou boas características da madeira (alto poder calorífico - 4.989 kcal/kg, alta massa específica - 0,74 g/cm3), mas com baixa produção energética (76,03 Mcal/árvore, 1 árvore/ha e 76,03 Mcal/ha) em função da baixa produção de biomassa. Houve, no entanto, espécies com boas características da madeira e com alta produção de biomassa, individual e/ou por área. São elas: Sclerolobium paniculatum (305,72 Mcal/árvore, 46 árvores/ha, 14.063,12 Mcal/ha, 0,72 g/cm3 e 4849 kcal/kg), Dalbergia miscolobium (80,26 Mcal/árvore, 84 árvores/ha, 6.741,84 Mcal/ha, 0,77 g/cm3 e 4896 kcal/kg) e Pterodon pubescens (473,69 Mcal/árvore, 14 árvores/ha, 6.631,66 Mcal/ha, 0,73 g/cm3 e 4953 kcal/kg). Essas espécies foram responsáveis por 45,85% de toda energia disponibilizada na forma de calor, ou seja, 27.437 Mcal/ha.
Safeguarding Workers: A Study of Health and Safety Representatives in the Queensland Coalmining Industry, 1990-2013
Authors: Walters David , Johnstone Richard , Quinlan Michael , Wadsworth Emma
Published: November 2016

This paper explores the practice of worker representation coalmining in Australia, in which there are both serious risks to health and safety and where regulatory provisions on worker representation on health and safety are longstanding. Despite their longevity, their operation has been little studied. The aim of the paper is to address this gap by examining the quality of the practice of worker representation in the sector. In particular, it explores strategies used by representatives to undertake their role in the context of the hostile industrial relations that are characteristic of coalmining. It examines documentary records of statutory inspections by worker representatives and government mines inspectors and analyses the content of qualitative interviews. It finds that the representatives address serious and potentially fatal risks in their activities and make effective use of their statutory powers in doing so, including their power to suspend operations they deem to be unacceptably dangerous. Nevertheless, they strive to operate within the boundaries of regulation in order to offset the negative influences of a hostile labour relations climate, As well as cautious use of their powers to order the cessation of operations where they deem the risks to be unacceptable, they also avoid accusations of unnecessarily impeding production and engaging with labour relations matters that are outside their statutory remit, through good communication between themselves and other workplace representatives. This is made possible by support from the relatively high level of workplace trade union organization present in the mines and further support derived from the trade union more widely and from the unique two-tier form of representation provided for by legislation. Both ensure the representatives are well informed, well trained and supported in their role. Overall, the study highlights the positive role representatives and unions play in preventive health and safety even in hostile labour relations climates.
Analyse des composantes de la charge de travail perçue par les cadres dans un contexte de gestion des compétences
Authors: Sassi Narjes , Ben Aissa Hazem
Published: November 2016

La gestion des compétences est, de nos jours, largement utilisée dans les grandes entreprises françaises qui cherchent, par ce biais, à s'assurer une meilleure performance et un maintien de l'employabilité de ses salariés (Dietrich et al., 2010; MEDEF, 1998). En dépit de ses avantages (autonomie, requalification des salariés, progression de carrière), la gestion des compétences est aussi associée à certains risques psychosociaux (Bouteiller et Gilbert, 2005; Reynaud, 2001). En effet, ce modèle véhicule une transformation du travail — en particulier pour les cadres — puisque les pratiques inhérentes peuvent générer une charge de travail supplémentaire (rapports fréquents à effectuer, évaluations stressantes, exigences comportementales).

L'objectif de cet article est donc de caractériser les composantes de la charge de travail perçue par les cadres d'entreprises qui pratiquent la gestion des compétences. Une étude qualitative exploratoire, s'appuyant sur des entretiens semi-directifs, a été menée à cet effet. Les résultats montrent que, dans des entreprises ayant adopté une gestion des compétences, la charge de travail perçue par les cadres se compose de trois paramètres « réformés » (rapport au temps de travail, rapport aux exigences du poste, rapport aux autres) et d'un nouveau paramètre (rapport aux exigences de maintien et de développement des compétences).
The Effects of the Psychological Contract Among Professional Employees Working in Non-Professional Organizations
Authors: Paillé Pascal , Raineri Nicolas , Valeau Patrick
Published: November 2016

Few researchers have sought to examine the consequences of psychological contract breach in the particular case of professional employees working for nonprofessional organizations. To increase our understanding, the purpose of this article was to test an original research model encompassing psychological contract breach, psychological contract violation, perceived organizational support, organizational and professional commitment, and intention to leave the organization. A study was conducted among a sample of 329 professional employees working in nonprofessional organizations. As predicted, this research shows a positive relationship between psychological contract breach and psychological contract violation, a negative relationship between breach and organizational commitment, and a negative relationship between organizational commitment and the intention to leave the organization. However, contrary to expectations, the results indicated that perceived organizational support has no moderating effect on the relationship between breach and violation. This finding does not confirm previous findings from the study by Suazo and Stone-Romero (2011). This unexpected result led to testing a different combination between perceived organizational support and PC-breach and PC-violation, which is documented in the literature on nonprofessional employees. Thus, in accordance with previous results by Suazo (2009), the data from our research indicate that the relationship between PC breach and perceived organizational support is mediated by PC violation. This alternative research model suggests testing a long mediation process by which the breach influences the intention to leave the organization via the violation, the perceived organizational support, and professional and organizational commitment. This long mediation process has been confirmed by our data. Finally, the results of this research suggest that when working in a non-professional context, professional employees tend to react to breaches of the psychological contract in a similar way to non-professional employees.
L’identification au contenu du travail comme déterminant du souhait de rester dans un emploi
Authors: Mainhagu Sebastien , Castéran Herbert
Published: November 2016

Les recherches sur le choix de demeurer dans un emploi sont peu nombreuses ou traitent ce sujet à travers des modèles sur le roulement de personnel (turnover), considérant que les mêmes déterminants influencent de manière opposée l'intention de rester ou de quitter. De plus, à l'exception notable de Cossette et Gosselin (2012), les chercheurs ne traitent que le choix de rester dans l'entreprise, mêlant dans la même variable expliquée le choix de rester dans un emploi et celui de la mobilité intra-organisationnelle.

Cette recherche poursuit deux objectifs: 1- identifier des concepts associés au souhait de rester dans son emploi; 2- explorer les relations entre les variables identifiées et le désir de rester. L'apport de cette recherche est double. Il s'avère tout d'abord théorique puisque nous avons identifié les variables associées au souhait de rester dans un emploi. Les résultats obtenus permettent de proposer un modèle théorique décrivant les relations entre trois groupes de variables (identification, contextes personnel et au travail) et le souhait de rester. Nous montrons, en particulier, l'influence probable des variables d'identification au contenu du travail sur le souhait de rester dans l'emploi, réalité rarement prise en compte dans les analyses sur ce sujet, que nous définissons comme un état où un salarié établit une équivalence entre ce qu'il est et ce qu'il fait. Cette identification est obtenue suite aux succès obtenus par la personne, qui lui indiquent ses compétences et lui procurent un sentiment d'efficacité, source de fierté. Le second apport de cette recherche est méthodologique. Il semble fécond d'associer une analyse des entretiens, appliquant les principes de la théorie enracinée, à un traitement statistique de type analyse des correspondances multiples, peu connu des chercheurs anglosaxons.
Circulation, échanges et mises en scène des récits d’enfants placés
Authors: Potin Émilie
Published: November 2016

Comment sont réceptionnés les récits par les lecteurs ? Cet article prétend traiter cette question à partir de l’analyse des formes de réception des publications liées à une enquête sociologique sur les placements d’enfants. L’auteure rend compte d’échanges avec des lecteurs et montre le continuum entre la narration sociologique et les enquêtes menées par les personnes concernées : les récits publicisés appellent d’autres récits. Dans la perspective d’un rapport réversible entre connaissance et reconnaissance, l’article invite à remettre en question le pouvoir des récits pour les lecteurs et le pouvoir des retours des lecteurs pour l’analyse sociologique. Les formes de mobilisation des récits par les lecteurs montrent que la narration sociologique participe au dialogue social en exposant des situations singulières pour mieux les inscrire dans la dialectique du social entre eux et moi ; eux et nous ; avant et aujourd’hui ; ici et là-bas. Les récits donnent du pouvoir collectif quand ils permettent de se relier à d’autres en montrant les logiques afférentes à l’institution du placement et ainsi replacer les responsabilités individuelles dans les responsabilités collectives.

D’un point de vue méthodologique, l’expérience-enquête sur les réceptions relève d’une analyse a posteriori des interactions qui ont pris la forme de correspondance numérique, de communication téléphonique, de rencontre virtuelle et réelle.
« La galère commence »
Authors: Beunardeau Pauline
Published: November 2016

Ils ont troqué la plume des générations précédentes contre un clavier d’ordinateur. Le phénomène connaît il y a quatre ans une explosion, à tel point qu’actuellement, plusieurs centaines de récits de vie — des « chroniques », les appelle-t-on — se disputent la popularité sur la toile. Âgés de 16 à 24 ans, les « chroniqueuses » et, en moindre proportion, les « chroniqueurs » deFacebook, célèbre site de réseautage social, se saisissent de cet espace numérique pour rédiger et publier leur histoire. Suivis par des milliers de fans, ils s’attachent à relater la vie quotidienne dans le décor des cités.

Pour ces jeunes issu·e·s de quartiers populaires, l’expérience d’écriture et de lecture participe de l’expérience de la « galère », autant que d’un travail réflexif sur celle-ci. Après avoir clarifié la nature de ces entreprises narratives, l’article propose donc d’explorer l’une d’entre elles, afin d’appréhender par la lecture romanesque la « galère » vécue au féminin.
Experimental and theoretical analyses of gate oxide and junction reliability for 4H-SiC MOSFET under short-circuit operation
Authors: An Junjie , Namai Masaki , Iwamuro Noriyuki
Published: November 2016

In this study, the experimental evaluation and numerical analysis of the short-circuit capability of the 1200 V SiC MOSFET with a thin gate oxide layer were carried out. Two different failures, including the gate oxide breakdown and thermal runaway of the device caused by the high gate electric field and elevated lattice temperature, were initially investigated and their critical temperature points for two failure modes were accurately extrapolated by solving the thermal diffusion equation; the obtained results are in good agreement with simulation results. It was confirmed that short-circuit robustness depends not only on thermal properties of the material but also on dimensional parameters of the device and that the heat is the dominant factor that causes device failure during short-circuit transient.
p-Cu2O/SiOx/n-SiC/n-Si memory diode fabricated with room-temperature-sputtered n-SiC and SiOx
Authors: Yamashita Atsushi , Tsukamoto Takahiro , Suda Yoshiyuki
Published: November 2016

We investigated low-temperature fabrication processes for our previously proposed pn memory diode with a p-Cu2O/SiC
x
O
y
/n-SiC/n-Si structure having resistive nonvolatile memory and rectifying behaviors suitable for a cross-point memory array with the highest theoretical density. In previous fabrication processes, n-SiC was formed by sputtering at 1113 K, and SiC
x
O
y
and p-Cu2O were formed by the thermal oxidation of n-SiC and Cu at 1073 and 473 K, respectively. In this study, we propose a pn memory diode with a p-Cu2O/SiO
x
/n-SiC/n-Si structure, where n-SiC and SiO
x
layers are deposited by sputtering at room temperature. The proposed processes enable the fabrication of the pn memory diode at temperatures of not more than 473 K, which is used for the formation of p-Cu2O. This memory diode exhibits good nonvolatile memory and rectifying characteristics. These proposed low-temperature fabrication processes are expected to expand the range of fabrication processes applicable to current LSI fabrication processes.
Basic study of fine particle removal using microplasma and its electrostatic effect
Authors: Shimizu Kazuo , Ito Akihiko , Blajan Marius , Kristof Jaroslav , Yoneda Hitoki
Published: November 2016

Fine particle control is gathering attention in the field of semiconductor manufacturing, indoor environments and so on. In order to remove the fine particles, thin film electrodes were utilized, thus the electrostatic forces occurring on the electrode surface acted on the particles. The thin film electrode, with a discharge gap set to 25 µm, enabled the discharge to occur at the voltage of about 1 kV. Fifty micrometer SiO2particles were used as the objective particles to be removed from the electrode surface. When an AC voltage of 1.0 kV and 500 Hz was applied to the electrode, the particles were transferred to the outside part of the electrodes and 94% of the particles were removed. Additionally, it was observed that removal rate varied with frequency of the applied voltage. We conclude that fine particles charged by the contact with the electrode and microplasma were transferred by the electrostatic forces.
Optimum temperature on corrosion resistance for plasma ion nitrided 316L stainless steel in sea water solution
Authors: Chong Sang-Ok , Kim Seong-Jong
Published: November 2016

The aim of this research is to investigate the optimum plasma ion nitriding temperature on corrosion resistance in natural sea water for plasma ion nitrided 316L stainless steel. Plasma ion nitriding was conducted at different temperatures of 350, 400, 450, and 500 °C with a mixture of 75% of nitrogen and 25% of hydrogen during 10 h. In conclusion of anodic polarization test, a wide passive potential region and a high corrosion potential were observed at a plasma ion nitriding temperature of 450 °C. Moreover, relatively less damage depth and clean surface micrographs were observed at 450 °C as results of observation of three-dimensional (3D) microscope and scanning electron microscope (SEM) after polarization experiments. In addition, higher corrosion potential and lower corrosion current density were indicated at plasma ion nitrided samples than the value of untreated substrate after Tafel analysis. Hence, plasma ion nitrided at 450 °C in sea water solution represented optimum corrosion resistance among the all the plasma ion nitriding temperature parameters.
Preparation and catalytic behavior of CeO2 nanoparticles on Al2O3 crystal
Authors: Hattori Takashi , Kobayashi Katsutoshi , Ozawa Masakuni
Published: November 2016

In this work, we examined the preparation, morphology, and catalytic behavior of CeO2 nanoparticles (NPs) on Al2O3(0001) crystal substrates. A CeO2 NP layer was prepared by the dipping method using a CeO2 nanocrystal colloid solution. Even after heat treatment at 1000 °C, the CeO2 NP layer maintained the granular morphology of CeO2 with a grain diameter of less than 40 nm. CeO2 NPs on an Al2O3 crystal showed higher oxidation activity for gaseous hydrogen at moderate temperatures and enhanced oxygen release properties of CeO2, compared with CeO2 powder. This was due to the highly dispersed CeO2 NPs and the interaction between CeO2 NPs and Al2O3; this clarified the importance of the Al2O3 support for the CeO2 catalyst.