bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessing students' knowledge of healthcare-associated infections: a global perspective
Authors: Ojo Osarhumwese Osaretin , Ojo Omorogieva
Published: November 2017

The aim of this review was to explore students' knowledge of healthcare-associated infections (HCAIs) from a global perspective. HCAIs may be the result of treatment in or contact with healthcare or social care settings and have been shown to cause an increase in morbidity, mortality and increased length of hospital stay. Student placements may involve interactions between university students, patients and/or health professionals and this may be a source of cross-contamination of the microbial agents that cause HCAIs. This situation may be exacerbated in some countries owing to variations in the levels of infrastructure development, knowledge, and economic status. A literature search was carried out, resulting in 12 studies selected for review. Findings were organised into two themes: nursing students' knowledge of HCAIs and students in other health-related subjects' knowledge of HCAIs. Nursing students' knowledge was adequate in some aspects of HCAIs, although poor in certain areas. Knowledge of HCAIs varied between students studying different health-related subjects. Curriculum differences between the student groups may account for this variation. A review of the curricula for healthcare students should ensure they include training and practical skills in the prevention of HCAIs, including modes of disease transmission, handwashing and disinfection techniques.
Prevention and management of incontinence-associated dermatitis
Authors: Voegeli David
Published: November 2017

David Voegeli, Associate Professor of Nursing, Skin Health Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southampton, discusses the care of patients with incontinence-associated dermatitis and how to distinguish this condition from pressure ulcers
Registration awaits, but what shape of NHS waits with it?
Authors: Hamilton Duncan
Published: November 2017

Duncan Hamilton, Third Year Student, Adult Nursing, University of Surrey, explores the challenges facing the nursing workforce and wonders what the future NHS will look like
The state of the nursing workforce today
Authors: Foster Sam
Published: November 2017

Sam Foster, Chief Nurse, Oxford University Hospitals, looks at threats to the nursing workforce and explores some of the ways in which these can be minimised
Promoting excellence in care: 25 years at the heart of nursing
Authors: Glasper Alan
Published: November 2017

Emeritus Professor, University of Southampton, discusses the contribution of the British Journal of Nursing to enhancing contemporary nursing within the health service over the past quarter of a century
Study skills: Effective use of revision guides
Authors: Webb Helen
Published: November 2017

Revision guides are popular resources with many teachers and parents, but do students use them properly? Helen Webb looks at how to teach students to use revision guides more effectively
A good teacher is like a magpie…
Authors: Trafford Bernard
Published: November 2017

Good teachers are like magpies – they spot little things that attract their attention and steal them for their own teaching practice. Dr Bernard Trafford urges us all to embrace in-school sharing…
Mental health: Three in four children miss out on support
Authors: Henshaw Pete
Published: November 2017

Phase 1 of government mental health review reveals fragmented system, long waiting times, and a majority who receive no help
Tolerance, not terror
Authors: Sullivan Karen
Published: November 2017

Drawing on research evidence, there are clear roles for schools in pulling young people back from the risk of radicalisation. Karen Sullivan explains
Ideas for Anti-Bullying Week 2017
Authors: Evans Martha
Published: November 2017

How can we make the most out of Anti-Bullying Week in schools? Martha Evans looks forward to a week when young people's stance on bullying takes centre stage
Histomorphological and Molecular Assessments of the Fixation Times Comparing Formalin and Ethanol-Based Fixatives
Authors: Chung Joon-Yong , Song Joon Seon , Ylaya Kris , Sears John D. , Choi Lauren , Cho Hanbyoul , Rosenberg Avi Z. , Hewitt Stephen M.
Published: November 2017

The lack of standardization of tissue handling and processing hinders the development and validation of new biomarkers in research and clinical settings. We compared the histomorphology and the quality and quantity of biomolecules in paraffin-embedded mouse tissues, followed by fixation with neutral buffered formalin (NBF), 70% ethanol, and buffered ethanol (BE70) fixative. The quality of the histomorphology and immunohistochemistry in BE70 was relatively time-independent, whereas those in NBF rapidly decreased after 1 week of fixation. Protein recovered from tissue fixed in 70% ethanol and BE70 was compatible with Western blot and protein array using AKT and GAPDH antibodies, regardless of the fixation time. In addition, the quality and quantity of RNA extracted from tissue in ethanol-based fixative showed minimal changes from 4 hr to 6 months, whereas NBF had a dramatic detrimental change in RNA quality after 1 week of fixation. Furthermore, ethanol-based fixative offers a superior DNA template for PCR amplification–based molecular assays than NBF. In conclusion, coagulative, ethanol-based fixatives show a broader time spectrum than the aldehyde crosslinking fixative NBF in their histomorphological features and the quantity and quality of the biomolecules from paraffin-embedded tissue, and they may facilitate the use of fixative-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues in research and clinical laboratories, avoiding overfixation.
Música das Cidades: O Surgimento da Canção Popular Moderna como Forma de Representação do Indivíduo
Authors: Cespedes Fernando Garbini
Published: November 2017

Nossa relação com a música é um jogo de representação que começa na consciência dos ritmos biológico-corporais e da natureza, nas aventuras percussivas e experiências sonoras dos hominídeos. Nos primeiros estágios do desenvolvimento humano, a ideia de indivíduo ainda não existia. Vivíamos, da Pré-História à Idade Antiga, sob distintas formas de consciência coletiva, que faziam com que as formas de expressão humanas, incluindo as musicais, surgissem de maneira não individual, mas comunitária. Nesse contexto, o surgimento, na Era Moderna, das metrópoles, com suas multidões e formas de organização social, é marco fundamental na formação do indivíduo e da canção popular, por ele composta e apreciada. Aqui, analiso - por meio da revisão de relatos históricos contextuais e de reflexões gerais acerca dos temas de interesse - o papel das cidades como berço da canção popular moderna no contexto do surgimento do indivíduo, com o objetivo de posicionar a canção como o equivalente musical do conceito de indivíduo como hoje o conhecemos. Nas ruas de Lisboa, Nápoles e Paris entre os séculos XVI e XIX, distintas heranças musicais se fundem sob novas formas de produção de sentido, organização social, política e econômica forjando lundus e modinhas luso-brasileiros, canzones napoletanas e chansons du vaudeville parisiense e, com elas, o indivíduo moderno ocidental.
[Recensão a] Anabela Gradim e Ricardo Morais, Anões aos ombros de gigantes: Desafios contemporâneos na comunicação de ciência
Authors: Santos Paulo
Published: November 2017

https://doi.org/10.14195/2183-6019_5_7
Mulheres Empreendedoras: Compreensões do Empreendedorismo e do Exercício do Papel Desempenhado por Homens e Mulheres em Organizações
Authors: Tvrzká de Gouvêa Anna Beatriz Cautela , Silveira Amelia , Machado Hilka Pelizza Vier
Published: November 2017

Resumo: Pesquisas com mulheres que empreendem têm sido desenvolvidas em número cada vez maior para compreender o perfil e o papel por elas desempenhado em suas empresas. Esta pesquisa exploratória, com método qualitativo, foi realizada com gestoras filiadas à Câmara da Mulher Empresária, em uma associação empresarial em Santa Catarina, caracterizando-se inicialmente o perfil pessoal e profissional de 21 destas mulheres. Destas, nove empreendedoras foram selecionadas para participarem de um focus group, manifestando seus entendimentos sobre o empreendedorismo. Os resultados apontam que características pessoais e profissionais se coadunam com estudos anteriores. As verbalizações evidenciam que as noções sobre empreendedorismo abrangem elementos como inovação, criatividade, oportunidade e criação de valor, tal como aponta a literatura. Apontam ainda diferenças no desempenho empresarial de homens e mulheres, sendo entendido que para os homens a objetividade é predominante, enquanto que para as mulheres o exercício múltiplo de papéis e a tentativa de propiciar satisfação aos envolvidos foram ressaltados, entre outros pontos. Há necessidade na continuidade de pesquisas, nesta temática.
Pengaruh Pemberian Probiotik pada Anak dengan Dermatitis Atopik Terhadap Kadar Imunoglobulin E Total
Authors: Sumobaskoro Ardentry , Harsono Ganung , Soebagyo Bambang
Published: November 2017

Latar belakang. Dermatitis atopik merupakan penyakit kulit yang memberikan reaksi kulit yang didasari oleh imunoglobulin E (IgE) dan mempunyai kecenderungan menderita asma, rinitis, atau keduanya di kemudian hari. Pemberian probiotik merupakan upaya perbaikan homeostasis sistem biologis penderita yang ditujukan pada imunomodulasi respon imun dengan menyeimbangkan respon imun Thelper 1(Th1) dan Th2 sehingga diharapkan terjadi penurunan kadar IgE total.Tujuan. Menganalisis pengaruh pemberian probiotik pada anak dengan dermatitis atopik terhadap kadar imunoglobulin E total. Metode. Uji klinis dengan randomisasi dilakukan pada bulan Oktober 2016–Maret 2017 di Surakarta (Jawa Tengah) dan Depok (Jawa Barat). Sebanyak 48 anak usia 9-15 tahun dengan dermatitis atopik diambil secara konsekutif dibagi dalam kelompok kontrol dan kelompok perlakuan (probiotik). Data dianalisis menggunakan uji t independen dan Mann Whitney dengan program SPSS 17.0.Hasil. Terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan perubahan IgE total antara kelompok pasien dengan probiotik dan plasebo. Kadar IgE total pada kelompok probiotik mengalami penurunan yang lebih banyak dibandingkan dengan plasebo; penurunan kadar IgE total kelompok perlakuan (probiotik) dengan mean -89.76 + 357.66 dan kelompok kontrol (plasebo) 91,53 +474,75 nilai p=0,010. Kesimpulan. Terdapat pengaruh pemberian probiotik pada anak dengan dermatitis atopik terhadap kadar imunoglobulin E total.
Korelasi Kadar Feritin dengan Jumlah CD4, CD8, dan Rasio CD4/CD8 pada Penyandang Talasemia Mayor Anak
Authors: Arseno Bonnie , Setiabudi Djatnika , Susanah Susi
Published: November 2017

Latar belakang. Pada talasemia mayor, peningkatan penyerapan besi dan transfusi darah regular mengakibatkan penumpukan besi pada berbagai organ dan gangguan sistem imun melalui berbagai mekanisme. Keadaan ini berkaitan dengan risiko infeksi pada penyandang talasemia mayor anak.Tujuan. Untuk menganalisis korelasi kadar feritin dengan jumlah CD4, CD8, dan rasio CD4/CD8 pada penyandang talasemia mayor anak.Metode. Penelitian observasional analitik menggunakan rancangan potong lintang, subjek 30 anak yang memenuhi kriteria penelitian. Analisis data menggunakan uji korelasi.Hasil. Didapatkan jumlah CD4 absolut, CD4%, CD8 absolut dan rasio CD4/CD8 menurun. Selain itu, terdapat jumlah CD4 absolut, CD8 absolut dan CD8% meningkat. Pada kelompok usia ≤5 tahun, korelasi kadar feritin dengan CD8 absolut, CD8%, dan rasio CD4/CD8 berturut-turut menghasilkan koefisien korelasi 0,691, 0,557, -0,680, dan p<0,05. Sementara pada kelompok lama terapi ≤5 tahun korelasi kadar feritin dengan CD8 absolut, CD8%, dan rasio CD4/CD8 menghasilkan koefisien korelasi 0,709, 0,571, -0,726 dengan p<0,05. Kesimpulan. Tidak terdapat korelasi antara kadar feritin dengan jumlah CD4, CD8, rasio CD4/CD8. Peningkatan kadar feritin akan diikuti dengan peningkatan jumlah CD8 absolut dan CD8%, serta penurunan rasio CD4/CD8 pada penyandang talasemia mayor anak berdasar atas usia dan lama terapi ≤5 tahun.
The Associations Between Socioeconomic Status and Lifestyle Factors in European Adolescents: A Population-based Study
Authors: Novak Dario , Lovro Štefan , Antala Branislav , Emeljanovas Arunas , Mieziene Brigita , Milanović Ivana , Radisavljević-Janić Snežana
Published: November 2017

The main purpose of the present study was to determine the associations between socioeconomic status (SES) and lifestyle factors. In this cross-sectional study, participants were 3,072 adolescents from two European countries of Lithuania and Serbia. The dependent variable was SES, while independent variables were gender, adherence to a Mediterranean diet, body-mass index, self-rated health, psychological distress, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and sedentary behaviour. The associations between dependent and independent variables were analysed by using logistic regression analysis. In univariate model, middle/high SES was associated with higher adherence to a Mediterranean diet (ptrend = 0.003), good self-rated health (OR 1.51; 95 % CI 1.12 to 2.05) and meeting recommendations of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (OR 2.09; 95 % CI 1.45 to 3.00), yet inversely associated with psychological distress (OR 0.81; 95 % CI 0.66 to 0.99) and sedentary behaviour (OR 0.80; 95 % CI 0.68 to 0.94). No associations were found between SES and bodymass index and gender. In multivariate model, the same associations occurred between middle/high SES and lifestyle factors. In conclusion, special strategies and policies, based on more affordable nutrition and participation in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, should be implemented within the system.
Method of Observation and their Effects in the Selection of Potential Football Goalkeepers
Authors: Zerf Mohammed , Besultan Hadje , Attouti Norddine , Touati Blidi , Mokkedes Moulay Idriss
Published: November 2017

The criteria and methods for goalkeeper selection are more strict and complex than those of field players. Founded on its principles, the present study tried to examine the strengths and weaknesses of selection process practised by Algerian coaches. Interpret by Algerian scientists in their subjectivity in evaluating the amount of body fat and its effect on physical performance. Seen it's built with the naked eye. Confirmed by FIFA in two categories normal vs overweight, they should work harder under these conditions. For this proposal, eight teams from the leagues of Oran, Algeria Championship second division were involved in the study. Their goalkeepers were classified into the following groups: total (GK = 28), Main goalkeeper (MG = 14) and replacement goalkeeper (RG = 14). Tested at the end of the outward phase by penalty kicks test, ‘T’ Drill Test, Ruler Drop Test (TR) and anthropometric parameters (BH, BMI, BFP, BW). Backed on the applied statistical where our total sample is categorised in overweight, as well as no statistically significant differences between the two groups in all the comparisons practised. Our results confirm the weaknesses of traditional methods. Admit by similar studies in their subjective in evaluating the amount of body fat and its effect on physical performance correlate to anthropometric measurement.
Relationships Between Physical Activity Levels, Self-Identity, Body Dissatisfaction and Motivation Among Spanish High School Students
Authors: Sánchez-Miguel Pedro Antonio , Leo Francisco Miguel , Amado Diana , Pulido Juan José , Sánchez-Oliva David
Published: November 2017

The aim of this study was to examine the relationships between gender and the educational grade on the one hand, and physical activity levels, motivation, self-identity, body dissatisfaction, the intention to be physically active and daily sitting time on the other, in a sample of Spanish high school adolescents. The sample consisted of 2087 Spanish students from the 3rd (n = 1141) and 4th grade (n = 946), both male (n = 1046) and female (n = 1041), ranging in age from 15 to 17 years old (M = 15.42; SD = .86). Students completed questionnaires to assess their levels of physical activity, self-identity, motivation, intention to be physically active and daily sitting time. The students’ perceptions of their body height and mass were also tested. With the exception of walking MET values, the results showed gender differences in the variables tested. Male participants showed higher intrinsic motivation and lower amotivation than female participants. Furthermore, male students revealed higher levels of physical activity than female students. Finally, the research concluded with the importance of promoting intrinsic reasons for physical activity in order to encourage positive consequences in high school students.
Effects of an Interpersonal Style Intervention for Coaches on Young Soccer Players’ Motivational Processes
Authors: Pulido Juan J. , Sánchez-Oliva David , Leo Francisco M. , Matos Sergio , García-Calvo Tomás
Published: November 2017

The main goal of the study was to assess the effects of an intervention programme developed with soccer coaches, based on promoting strategies to optimise the satisfaction of the basic psychological needs of athletes. Eight soccer coaches, aged between 19 and 50 years (M = 32.5; SD = 14.34), participated in the study. They were selected intentionally (without academic or federative training) and divided equally into a control and an experimental group by random peer selection. Also, 109 soccer players, aged between 11 and 15 years (M = 13.78; SD = 1.38), divided into a control group (CG; n = 56) and an experimental group (EG; n = 53), participated in the experiment. The training programme (12 hours) was aimed to develop methodological and motivational strategies to promote autonomy, competence and relatedness need satisfaction among the players. The results showed that the participants in the EG decreased competence and relatedness control, while significantly increased (post-intervention) competence and relatedness needs satisfaction. Moreover, values for the EG did not decrease for autonomy, competence frustration and amotivation, while they increased for the sport commitment. Also, intrinsic motivation decreased in both groups (greater decrease in the CG). In conclusion, we can affirm the effectiveness of the training programme to create an environment of “bright side” motivation, and reduce thwarting styles, needs frustration and low self-determination levels.
Influence of Goal Contents on Exercise Addiction: Analysing the Mediating Effect of Passion for Exercise
Authors: Sicilia Álvaro , Alcaraz-Ibáñez Manuel , Lirola María-Jesús , Burgueño Rafael
Published: November 2017

Based on the self-determination theory (Deci and Ryan, 1985, 2000), the purpose of this study was to examine the effects of exercise goal contents on exercise addiction, taking into account the mediating effects of passion for exercise. A total of 384 university students (284 men and 100 women; Mage = 20.31, SD = 3.10) completed a questionnaire that measured exercise frequency and intensity, exercise goal contents (e.g. intrinsic: social affiliation, health management, skill development; extrinsic: image and social recognition), passion for exercise (e.g. harmonious and obsessive), and exercise addiction. After controlling the exercise frequency and intensity effects, results showed that goal contents did not directly predict exercise addiction. However, mediation analysis showed that goal contents predicted addiction through passion for exercise. These results support a motivational sequence in which extrinsic versus intrinsic goals influence exercise addiction because such goals are positively associated with obsessive passion for exercise and negatively associated with harmonious passion.
A pécsi püspökvár (a középkori egyetem), az Aranyos Mária-kápolna és Vilmos püspök síremléke régészeti feltárásának és kutatásának eredményei
Authors: G. Sándor Mária
Published: November 2017

The following paper discusses the history and the results of the archaeological research at Bishop’s Palace in Pécs during the second half of the 20th century. This research had particular importance in defining the location of the medieval university. The localization of the university building had already engaged the scientific groups concerning the history of the institute since the early 1900s. However, the exact location and layout of the building could only be determined by archaeological excavations. The exploration began in the eastern part of the castle, north of the cathedral, and a large room, the grand hall of the university (aula magna) emerged, together with a stone crest at the outdoor entrance, belonging the bishop, Wilhelm of Koppenbach, the founder of the first Hungarian university. Foreign parallels indicate that the Chapel of Aranyos Mária was supposed to serve as a college chapel. Also the grave of Bishop Wilhelm was found in the chapel, who died in 1374. During the excavation of the tomb a sculpture cemetery has been appeared including architectural memorials, sculptural remnants of the chapel and parts of the burial site of Bishop Wilhelm. The restoration procedures related to the excavation material began in the nineties, and followed by an exhibition in mid-2000 at the reconstructed building of the medieval university. 
Fotó: Hack Róbert
A siker reménye és a kudarc okai
Authors: Font Márta
Published: November 2017

The study focuses on the circumstances of establishing of medieval Hungarian universities and analyses the problems of their short period of activity. The author applied many different points of view for the comparing first Hungarian university with the contemporary foundations in the neighbour countries. The author followed the comparative method also in the case of later founded Hungarian universities and made own conclusions. The latest research results on the field of history of universities were also used in the study.
Temesvári és „bánsági” diákok a középkori európai egyetemeken
Authors: Petrovics István
Published: November 2017

This paper consists of five chapters. The first two deals with the medieval history of the Danube-Tisza-Mureș Interfluve (also known in the modern period as Bánság/Banat) and Temesvár (Timișoara). The author clarifies the fact that the regions urban development was different in a great extent than it was observed in other parts of the country. This was mainly due to geographical and ethnic reasons; however a decisive impact was clearly the ever growing advancement of the ottomans dated from the end of the 14th century. This even halted the development of the regions most advanced centre, the city of Temesvár. In the third chapter investigates the surroundings of Hungarian students who studied and visited universities abroad, using the latest research results on the field. In the fourth chapter, after a short introduction into the history of the medieval Hungarian universities – primarily the studium generale of Pécs – followes the overview history of the universities of Wien and Krakow, the two main destination points for the student from Temesvár and the Banat. The last chapter deals with the nature and peculiarity of the students from Temesvár and Banat, closing with a database.
Egy legenda nyomában. A pécsi egyetemi hallgatók ereklyéje a mohácsi csatából
Authors: Schmelczer-Pohánka Éva
Published: November 2017

Számos olyan, hiteles történeti forrásokkal alá nem támasztható esemény maradt fenn Pécs múltjából, amelyek bizonyos korszakokban a köztudat szerves részei voltak, ám megtörténtüket a későbbi kutatások megcáfolták. Az egyik ilyen a középkori pécsi egyetemmel kapcsolatos, pontosabban annak 1526-ig tartó állítólagos fennállásához kötődik: a mohácsi csatában ugyanis – a hagyomány szerint – tanáraikkal együtt 300 pécsi egyetemi hallgató lelte halálát. A szakirodalomban az első magyar universitas 16. század közepéig tartó fennállásának teóriáját azóta megcáfolták: a ma elfogadott álláspont szerint az 1390-es években beszüntette működését, és az óbudai egyetem 1395-ös felállításakor valószínűsíthetően már nem létezett. A 15. századtól már csak a káptalani iskola (alsó tagozata: schola minor, felső tagozata: schola maior) biztosította a városban a magasabb szintű képzést. Ekképpen a 300 hősi halott hallgató léte is megkérdőjeleződött… Mégis mi volt, hogyan keletkezett, és hogyan maradt fenn az önfeláldozó pécsi egyetemi diákok története?
Késő középkori külföldi egyetemjárások
Authors: Barabás Gábor
Published: November 2017

Haraszti Szabó Péter – Kelényi Borbála – Szögi László: Magyarországi diákok a Prágai és a Krakkói Egyetemeken 1348– 1525. I. kötet. Students from Hungary at the Universities of Prague and Krakow 1348– 1525. Volume I. Budapest, 2016. 152 oldal. (Magyarországi diákok a középkori egyetemeken 2.)
THE INFLUENCE OF AUDIT COMMITTEE AND OWNERSHIP STRUCTURE ON EARNINGS MANAGEMENT
Authors: Kusumaningtyas Metta , Farida Dessy Noor
Published: November 2017

The objective of this study is to analyze the influence of audit committee characteristics and ownership structure on earnings management. The characteristics which are used to measure the effectiveness of the audit committee are audit committee independence, audit committee competency, audit committee activity and audit committee size. Ownership structures are characteristics of public ownership, institutional ownership, and managerial ownership. Earnings management in this study were measured by using the value of discretionary accrual. The population in this study is manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) in 2007-2012. Based on purposive sampling method, the number of samples in this study was 66 samples. Testing the hypothesis used multiple regression analysis. The results indicate that audit committee independent, audit committee size and institutional ownership had a significant negative effect on earnings management. Instead the others variables such as audit committee competency, audit committee activity, public ownership and managerial ownership did not influenced on earnings management.
THE INFLUENCE OF DIVIDEND PAYOUT RATIO AND FREE CASH FLOW TO DEBT TO EQUITY RATIO
Authors: Hapsari Yurizki Wida , Isharijadi Isharijadi , Widhianningrum Purweni
Published: November 2017

This study aimed to analyze the effect of dividend payout ratio and free cash flow to the debt to equity at the manufacturing companies which listed in the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The population of this study is manufacturing companies which listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange during the year 2010, 2011, 2012, and 2013 a number of 128 companies. Purposive sampling is used for sampling technique, as many as 33 companies. Data analytical technique in the study is multiple linear regression analysis. The results of this study proved that the dividend payout ratio had significant negative effect on the debt to equity. It showed that the dividend payments appeared as a substitute for debt in the capital structure at the company. Free cash flow positively and significantly influenced debt to equity. It was due to the investment in working capital of the company was greater than the company's operating cash flow.
The Roles of Productive Assets Quality in Mediating Effect of Risk Management Implementation to the Firm Value in Indonesian Banking
Authors: Baroroh Niswah
Published: November 2017

This study aims to examine the role of productive assets quality in mediating the effect of risk management implementation to the firm value. The population in this study was banking that went public in Indonesia in the year 2011-2013 as many as 31 companies. This study used quantitative approach with purposive sampling technique and obtained 53 samples that met the criteria. The analysis technique used path analysis with software tools SPSS 21. The results of this study indicated that the implementation of Risk Management and quality of productive assets did not affect the firm value. Risk Management also did not affect the quality of productive assets, and the quality of productive assets was not able to mediate the implementation of risk management to the firm value.
Phenomenology Study: Trigger Factors of Fraud Tendency on Accounting-Finance Division
Authors: Hidayah Retnoningrum , Susilowati Nurdian , Widhiastuti Ratieh
Published: November 2017

This study aims to examine the factors that influence the possibility of fraud on the division of accounting-finance. The population in this study were lecturers and staff at the Faculty of Economics, Semarang State University who engaged in the activity of accountability report (SPJ). The number of samples was 15 respondents by applying proportional cluster sampling, this study used qualitative method namely phenomenology and applied descriptive analysis in order to obtain comprehensive results. The results showed that rationalization factors affecting the possibility of fraud. Furthermore, capability factor also gave effect to the possibility of fraud.
Perinatal Outcomes After Treatment With ADHD Medication During Pregnancy
Authors: Nörby Ulrika , Winbladh Birger , Källén Karin
Published: November 2017

OBJECTIVES:

To analyze perinatal outcomes after maternal use of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) medication during pregnancy.

METHODS:

The study included singletons born between 2006 and 2014 in Sweden. Data on prescription drug use, pregnancies, deliveries, and the newborn infants’ health were obtained from the Swedish Medical Birth Register, the Prescribed Drug Register, and the Swedish Neonatal Quality Register. We compared infants exposed to ADHD medication during pregnancy with infants whose mothers never used these drugs and infants whose mothers used ADHD medication before or after pregnancy. Analyses were performed with logistic regression.

RESULTS:

Among 964 734 infants, 1591 (0.2%) were exposed to ADHD medication during pregnancy and 9475 (1.0%) had mothers treated before or after pregnancy. Exposure during pregnancy increased the risk for admission to a NICU compared with both no use and use before or after pregnancy (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.5; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.3–1.7; and aOR, 1.2; 95% CI, 1.1–1.4, respectively). Infants exposed during pregnancy had more often central nervous system–related disorders (aOR, 1.9; 95% CI, 1.1–3.1) and were more often moderately preterm (aOR, 1.3; 95% CI, 1.1–1.6) than nonexposed infants. There was no increased risk for congenital malformations or perinatal death.

CONCLUSIONS:

Treatment with ADHD medication during pregnancy was associated with a higher risk for neonatal morbidity, especially central nervous system–related disorders such as seizures. Because of large differences in background characteristics between treated women and controls, it is uncertain to what extent this can be explained by the ADHD medication per se.
Counseling on Sun Protection and Indoor Tanning
Authors: Balk Sophie J. , Gottschlich Elizabeth A. , Holman Dawn M. , Watson Meg
Published: November 2017

BACKGROUND:

The US Preventive Services Task Force recommends clinical counseling for individuals ages 10 to 24 years to decrease skin cancer risk.

METHODS:

A national, random sample of US American Academy of Pediatrics members practicing primary care in 2002 (response rate 55%) and 2015 (response rate 43%). Surveys explored attitudes and experiences regarding sun protection counseling; indoor tanning questions were added in 2015. χ2 tests compared demographics and counseling responses across years, and multivariable logistic regression models examined counseling predictors.

RESULTS:

More pediatricians in 2015 (34%) than in 2002 (23%) reported discussing sun protection during recent summer months with ≥75% of patients. This pattern held across all patient age groups (each P <.001). Female and suburban pediatricians counseled more; those in the South and West counseled less. More pediatricians in 2015 than in 2002 named time as a barrier. Sun protection ranked lowest among preventive topics in both years. In 2015, approximately one-third of pediatricians reported discussing indoor tanning at least once with 10 to 13 year-old patients; approximately half discussed this with older adolescents. Most (70%) did not know if their states had laws on minors’ indoor tanning access; those stating they knew whether a law existed counseled more.

CONCLUSIONS:

Although improved, sun protection counseling rates remain low. Indoor tanning counseling can be improved. Because early-life exposure to UV radiation increases risk and clinician counseling can positively impact prevention behaviors, pediatricians have an important role in skin cancer prevention; counseling may save lives. Time constraints remain a barrier.
Role of Testosterone in the Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Webb Carolyn M ,   Vascular Biology, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London and Department of Cardiology, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK, Collins Peter ,   Vascular Biology, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London and Department of Cardiology, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
Published: November 2017

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the most prevalent non-communicable cause of death worldwide. Testosterone is a sex hormone that is predominant in males but also occurs in lower concentrations in females. It has effects directly on the blood vessels of the cardiovascular system and on the heart, as well as effects on risk factors for CVD. Serum testosterone concentrations are known to decrease with age and reduced testosterone levels are linked to premature coronary artery disease, unfavourable effects on CVD risk factors and increased risk of cardiovascular mortality independent of age. A significant number of men with heart failure demonstrate reduced serum testosterone concentrations and there is early evidence suggesting that low testosterone levels affect cardiac repolarisation. Any association between endogenous testosterone concentrations and CVD in women has yet to be established. Testosterone replacement is used to treat men with hypogonadism but also has cardiovascular effects. This review will present the current evidence, expert opinion and controversies around the role of testosterone in the pathophysiology of CVD and surrounding the use of testosterone treatment and its effects on the cardiovascular system and CVD.
Understanding neurologic complications following TAVI
Authors: Imran Ghare Mohammed ,   Yale School of Medicine, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Lansky Alexandra ,   Yale School of Medicine, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine
Published: November 2017

Transcatheter aortic valve replacement is a groundbreaking treatment modality for severe, symptomatic aortic stenosis. Despite the rapid progression in indications to include intermediate-risk patients, the risk of peri-procedural stroke remains, with a higher incidence rate than previously reported. Accurate assessment of peri-procedural stroke rates requires selection of careful and meaningful trial endpoints during evaluation of neuroprotective devices. In this article, we review recommendations and stroke definitions from academic research consortiums along with device trial results.
Inclusion of people with psychosocial disability in low and middle income contexts: a practice review
Authors: Fernandes Helen Lea , Cantrill Stephanie , Kamal Raj , Shrestha Ram Lal
Published: November 2017

Much of the literature about mental illness in low and middle income countries (LMICs) focuses on prevalence rates, the treatment gap, and scaling up access to medical expertise and treatment. As a cause and consequence of this, global mental health programs have focused heavily on service delivery without due exploration of how programs fit into a broader picture of culture and community. There is a need for research which highlights approaches to broader inclusion, considering historical, cultural, social, and economic life contexts and recognises the community as a determinant of mental health—in prevention, recovery, resilience, and support of holistic wellness.
The purpose of this practice review is to explore the experiences of three local organisations working with people with psychosocial disability living in LMICs: Afghanistan, India, and Nepal. All three organisations have a wealth of experience in implementing mental health programs, and the review brings together evidence of this experience from interviews, reports, and evaluations. Learnings from these organisations highlight both successful approaches to strengthening inclusion, and the challenges faced by people with psychosocial disability, their families and communities.
The findings can largely be summarised in two categories, although both are very much intertwined: first, a broad advocacy, public health, and policy approach to inclusion; and second, more local, community-based initiatives. The evidence draws attention to the need to acknowledge the complexities surrounding mental health and inclusion, such as additional stigmatisation due to multidimensional poverty, gender inequality, security issues, natural disasters, and additional stressors associated with access. Organisational experiences also highlight the need to work with communities’ strengths to increase capacity around inclusion and to apply community development approaches where space is created for communities to generate holistic solutions. Most significantly, approaches at all levels require efforts to ensure that people with psychosocial disability are given a voice and are included in shaping programs, policies, and appropriate responses.
Recruiting long-term healthcare missionaries: insights from surveys of those who have gone and those who aspire to go
Authors: McVay John , Place Christopher L. , Stevens David L.
Published: November 2017

Background: The CMDA/MedSend Healthcare Missions Leadership Summit is an annual gathering of leaders from 75 mission sending agencies who work around the world in healthcare missions. The summit is jointly sponsored by MedSend and the Christian Medical & Dental Associations (CMDA). The purpose of the meeting is to share best practices, network, and examine cutting edge research issues in the field of healthcare missions.
Objective: The purpose of the 2015 Launch survey was to learn from medical missionaries how to more effectively recruit and launch new healthcare professionals and their families into long-term missions. The objective of the 2016 Relocating for the Gospel survey was to learn from students and other aspiring healthcare missionaries the obstacles they perceive in their journey into long-term missions. Results were presented at the 2015 and 2016 Healthcare Missions Leadership Summits.
Methods: Two multiple-choice surveys were developed to ascertain the positive and negative factors involved in the decision making process to launch into the healthcare mission field. Participants were invited to participate in the surveys via email.
Results: The 2015 Launch survey analyzed 177 responses from healthcare missionaries with 63% of respondents still currently serving as long-term missionaries. 37% of the respondents were missionaries previously. Participants included millennials (n=39), Gen Xers (n=54), and baby boomers (n=84). Responses indicated that key positive factors include personal interaction with a long-term worker as well as a supportive agency, leader, or team to join. The 2016 Relocating for the Gospel survey analyzed responses from students and other aspiring missionaries who are millennials (n=79). The strongest overall factor that discouraged missions involvement was student loan debt. Other key obstacles include concerns over being lonely or isolated overseas, as well as difficulty in finding a good fit with a team or organization.
Conclusion: The overall findings from the two surveys include four main points. First, effective launch into missions service is more relationally dependent than informationally dependent. Second, launching into missions service is more like a marathon than a sprint. Third, those who are exploring missions want to join a team so they will not feel lonely or isolated. Finally, aspiring missionaries want a placement that fits them well even if that does not match the top priorities of the agency.
Reflections on the challenges and opportunities for palliative care in Nepal
Authors: Munday Daniel , Powys Ruth
Published: November 2017

Palliative care in Nepal has been developing over the last 20 years, led by pioneering doctors and nurses who have gained experience in the specialty, often while working overseas, or who have had the opportunity to do clinical attachments abroad. Recently, in collaboration with international palliative care specialists, a national strategy has been developed and adopted to guide future development so that palliative care for all who need it can be provided. This article explores the faith-based context for palliative care and describes the particular issues Nepal faces, the work of Christian mission organizations in supporting palliative care development, and the need for religious and cultural sensitivity.
Specyfika głównych ośrodków życia monastycznego w Galii w IV i V wieku
Authors: Pochwat Józef
Published: November 2017

Postaciami kluczowymi dla monastycyzmu Galii w IV i V wieku są: św. Marcin z Tours, Sulpicjusz Sewer, Jan Kasjan, Romanus i Lupicynius. Monastycyzm galijski odsłania inne podejście niż zasady wypracowane na Wschodzie. W samej Galii wykazuje również pewne zróżnicowanie.Monastycyzm Wschodu charakteryzował się tym, że był zdecydowanie ascetyczno-anachorecki, w odróżnieniu od monastycyzmu galijskiego o nastawieniu apostolsko-ewangelizującym. Oba te podejścia wcale się nie wykluczają, wręcz przeciwnie, uczą zasady jedności w różnorodności. Pokazują, że w życiu monastycznym chodzi o praktykowanie życia oddanego Bogu w pełnym jego wymiarze, zarówno duchowym, jak i cielesnym. Jednakże sposób realizacji tych założeń nie musi być wszędzie jednakowy, na szczyt prowadzi bowiem wiele dróg.
Ojciec Augustyn Jankowski OSB jako konferencjonista
Authors: Kyc Stanisław
Published: November 2017

W artykule podjęto tematykę konferencji jako formy przepowiadania słowa Bożego. Jest to przedmiot zainteresowania homiletyki fundamentalnej. Zakres artykułu obejmuje konferencje drukowane o. Augustyna Jankowskiego OSB, zebrane w książce Ciasna brama i wąska droga. O współczesną odnowę życia zakonnego. Są one zapisem konferencji autora o życiu konsekrowanym. Ponadto jako źródło pracy wykorzystano kroniki z archiwum opactwa tynieckiego z lat 1985–1993, lkiedy to o. Augustyn pełnił urząd opata. Celem artykułu jest próba odpowiedzi na pytanie: jakie są cechy identyfikujące o. Augustyna jako konferencjonistę?
Effect of stress direction on the cyclic resistance of sand
Authors: Zamanian Mostafa , Jafarzadeh Fardin
Published: November 2017

In total, 55 undrained cyclic torsional shear tests were conducted at a constant mean confining stress, σ0m, constant intermediate principal stress ratios, b = (σ2 − σ3)/(σ1 − σ3), and principal stress directions, α. The cyclic resistance of loose, isotropically consolidated specimens exhibited a dip in strength, with the lowest values for α being 45°, an angle at which α was oriented such that the potential shear band directions dovetailed with the plane having the weakest strength (i.e. horizontal plane). For a given α, the cyclic resistance decreased to the lowest values for b = 0·5, at which the value of the principal stresses was different in the three major directions. For dense specimens, the direction of the major principal stress had no significant influence on the cyclic resistance. For loose, anisotropically consolidated specimens, higher cyclic resistances were observed at the point of approaching the direction of the major principal stress during the consolidation and loading stages.
Study of abnormal liver function tests in pregnancy in a tertiary centre in North Kerala
Authors: P. K. Sumangali , Kurian Simi
Published: November 2017

Background: Abnormal liver function tests in pregnancy require proper evaluation and diagnosis. The underlying disorder can have a significant effect on the outcome of both mother and fetus. The present study was done with the objective to study the clinical profile, incidence and possible causes of derangements of liver function tests.Methods: The pregnant women with abnormal liver function were studied prospectively. All the liver function tests values were studied along with other required tests to identify the cause. The fetal and maternal outcome were also noted.Results: The incidence of abnormal liver function tests was 6.7%. Among these 96% were due to pregnancy specific liver dysfunction mainly due to hypertensive disorders. The mean value of bilirubin was more in infective hepatitis. There were 4 cases of intra uterine deaths and no maternal death.Conclusions: Pregnancy specific disorders are the major cause of abnormal liver function tests in pregnancy especially in the third trimester.
Pancytopenia: etiologies and manifestation in eastern India
Authors: Singh Vikram , Singh Mridu , Shankar Singh Prem
Published: November 2017

Background: Pancytopenia is the simultaneous presence of anemia, leucopenia and thrombocytopenia. The aetiologies causing pancytopenia varies depending upon factors e.g. age, sex, occupation, and geographical distribution. Unfortunately, the major treatises of haematology give more emphasis to Aplastic anaemia; while Megaloblastic anaemia is more common in developing countries than western world. Therefore, this Observational study was carried out over a period of two years in the Department of Medicine of Institute of Medical Sciences (IMS), BHU with the aim to identify etiologies of pancytopenia and its manifestation in eastern India.Methods: All the patients with features of anemia, thrombocytopenia or leukopenia were screened for pancytopenia and a total 214 cases were selected. A detailed physical examination, hematological and biochemical investigation was done.Results: The most common cause of pancytopenia in our study was Aplastic anemic (36.9%) followed by Megaloblastic anaemia (18.7%), Kala-azar (11.7%) and Myelodysplastic syndrome (10.5%).Conclusions: Megaloblastic anemia should be considered as important cause of Pancytopenia, especially when serum LDH level of patient is raised.
Asimetrías en los sistemas educativos y en los patrones institucionales: hacia la construcción de un indicador global de capital humano
Authors: Sáenz C Jorge E. , Sánchez P German , Higuera C Luz Aydée
Published: November 2017

En este trabajo se presenta una revisión teórica y empírica sobre la relación capital humano y crecimiento económico. Se encuentra que existe una relación del capital humano con otros factores, como la calidad de la educación, la estabilidad política, la confiabilidad del sistema judicial, la corrupción y la burocracia. Igualmente, se presenta un análisis acerca de las consideraciones teóricas del capital humano, resaltando las divergencias estadísticas presentadas en los coeficientes estimados, cuando se toman distintas variables para capturar los efectos de este factor sobre el producto. Además, se hace una revisión teórica sobre la importancia del capital humano en la productividad, y se analiza las asimetrías institucionales con las estadísticas vigentes para 37 países. Por último, se propone y se calcula un Indicador Global de Capital Humano (IGCH).