bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Do Higher Asymmetry Threshold Effects Exist on the Gold Return Volatility during Highly Fluctuating Periods?
Authors: Liao Yu-Hui , Goo Yeong-Jia
Published: September 2019

The GJR-GARCH model is frequently used by researchers and academic institutions. However, the model conveys limited information, using zero as a threshold without considering other possible thresholds. This study shows that a favorable econometric model could be formed by constructing a hybrid momentum HMTAR-GARCH model. Our findings indicate that higher asymmetry momentum threshold effects exist on the gold return volatility during highly fluctuating periods. Sustainable Enterprise Resource Planning (S-ERP) systems could help in the formation of a good risk management strategy by using the HMTAR-GARCH model. Perhaps gold is more sustainable than many other financial assets in the creation of an investment portfolio.
Application of Model-Based Systems Engineering Concepts to Support Mission Engineering
Authors: Beery Paul , Paulo Eugene
Published: September 2019

This paper presents an approach to the utilization of model-based systems engineering (MBSE) early in the system lifecycle, which focuses on early identification of desirable system characteristics to support mission engineering (ME). The paper relies on the definition of an analysis approach and the associated mapping of architectural products. The analysis strategy focuses on integration of the results of operational simulations and system synthesis models through tradespace visualization. The architectural mapping presents the association of Systems Modeling Language (SysML) products to the analysis strategy. The coordination of these elements is presented as a demonstration of the role that MBSE concepts can play in support of ME. The approach is demonstrated through a case study analysis of a conceptual mine warfare system conducting mine countermeasure operations.
Veilleur, dormeur, somnambule : états du corps, états du moi biranien
Authors: Devarieux Anne
Published: September 2019

Dès le Mémoire sur la décomposition de la pensée, Maine de Biran assimile la tension immanente et générale de l''effort à la veille du moi. L’individu n’acquiert la conscience de soi que par la tension de sa volonté qui est identiquement la tension de son corps résistant, et cela indépendamment de toute visée intentionnelle expresse, de toute perception ou représentation active d’objets (effort dit intentionné ou express). Il faut donc distinguer des degrés variables de l’effort, depuis l’aperception pure (dans laquelle l’ego apparaît comme un veilleur) en passant par l’attention (qui est une vigilance accrue et dirigée intentionnellement vers le dehors) jusqu’à la réflexion (qui représente le plus haut degré de tension). Par conséquent l'effort (ou la dualité interne formée par le couple de la force dite hyper-organique et de la résistance intérieure du corps propre) constitue l’aperception immédiate interne, et varie seulement en degrés d’intensité. Le sommeil est selon Biran la suspension périodique du vouloir et, avec lui, de tout sentiment de soi. Le moi renoue pourtant avec lui-même au réveil dès lors qu'une même force se déploie sur une même résistance. Il y a pourtant soulignera Biran bien des manières de veiller et de dormir, y compris à l’état de veille, et les analyses de Biran permettent de comprendre comment peuvent surgir dans nos vies conscientes des états hypnotiques voire somnambuliques qui ressemblent à s’y méprendre au sommeil (Biran commente notamment J.-P. F. Deleuze). La question est en définitive de saisir les enjeux de telles considérations dès lors que Biran refuse d'assimiler l'immédiateté de conscience (appropriation motrice) à l'immédiateté affective d'une vie quasi hypnotique à la manière par exemple du phénoménologue Michel Henry pourtant grandement influencé par sa pensée.
RADIOTHERAPY AND IMMMUN RESPONCE IS THE RADIOTHERAPY VACCINE? GOOD NEWS?
Authors: KURTMAN Cengiz
Published: September 2019

SUMMARY/ABSTRACT: Radiotherapy (RT) activates
immun responce.
Because of this we must discuss the question of “is the radiotherapy vaccine”. If
RT increases the immun responce we must learn some more about the RT effects on
the cells, cell surface antigene, immun checkpoints and their inhibition (ICI;
CTLA4, PD1, PDL1 inhibition). In
this review it will be discussed the role of the radiotherapy and biologic
effects of the radiotherapy to activate the immun responce, radiotherapy dose,
radiotherapy timing and the side effects of immun checkpoints inhibitors.
The effects of the extraction of non-ferrous metals on the ichthiofauna of the Lapus river bassin
Authors: Gavril Ardelean , Wilhelm Sándor
Published: September 2019

Over the period 2003-2005 we made ichthyologic research in the basin of the Lapus river. During the sampling we noticed that in some area the water was polluted. In those areas fishweretotallyorpartiallymissing.The main pollution sources are those related to nonferrous metal extraction and processing, but there is also pollution from organic substances resulted from the communal residual waters, as well as the “tuica”(alcoholic drink) distilleries.Confronting the spots of the pollution sources with the results of the ichthyologic research.we noticed a significantcorrespondencebetween the qualitative and quantitative component of the ichthyofauna and the presence of these sources.We could, therefore prove the effect of the process of self-purificationofthewater,aswellastheexistenceofsomespeciesoffishshowing a great degree of tolerance towards pollution.
Fishes protected of Natura 2000 system in Slovakia
Authors: Koščo Ján , Pavol Balázs
Published: September 2019

The timely and effective establishment of Natura 2000 network is one of the greatest environmental challenges for the new Member States of the European Union. Slovak Republic is facing this challenge now. By the June 2005, the Government in our country must prepare a list of sites to be included in the Natura network, according to the criteria set up in the Habitat Directive. Natura 2000 sites, according to the specificEUDirectivesconsistofSpecialAreasofConservation(SACs),andSpecialProtectionAreas(SPAs).TheSPAsandtheSACs, the latter selected as Sites of Community Importance (SCIs), will be incorporated into the Natura 2000 network. The problems of proclaiming the system of protected areas of European importance for the Natura 2000 have been one of the major topics of the ichthyological activities in our country in recent years.For 3 lampreys and 20 fishspeciestheterritoryofpotentialsiteofcommunityinterest(pSCI)hasbeenlimitedandproposed.Theselection of localities and examinations of population state in individual species of fishespresentedintheAnnex(II.,IVandV.)totheCouncilDirective No. 92/43/EEC were carried out in 2003/2004. In total 179 pSCI localities for fishandlampreysinthealpinebiogeographicregion (83) and in the pannonian biogeographic region (96) pSCI in the Slovak republic were selected and limited. The number of pSCI localities selected for individual species is different regards to their distribution within the river net of Slovakia. For example, for species of general distribution, 30 localities pSCI (Misgurnus fossilis, Rhodeus sericeus, Gobio albipinnatus, Barbus barbus) or 35 localities pSCI (Cobitis elongatoides, Barbus peloponnesius), have been proposed, on the contrary, in several species of exclusive distribution as Lampetra planeri - 8, Gobio uranoscopus - 9 and Zingel zingel -12 localities.The pSCI territory for individual species of the ichthyofauna presented here represents the firststageintheprocessofcreatingtheprotected territory system of European interest Natura 2000 in the territory of the Slovakia for this group of aquatic vertebrates. The list of proposal sites will have to be submitted to the European Commission by the date of Accession.
The action of bed-slope the fish community’s composition of the watercorses on the Zagyva-Tarna watersystem
Authors: Szepesi Zsolt , Harka Ákos
Published: September 2019

Between 2003 and 2005 faunistic survey was completed in the sections of the low- and highland watercourses of the water-regime of the Zagyva and Tarna rivers. On the basis of bed-slope, dominance and frequency of the fish species the following sections can be divided in the examined streams:1./ Upper-chub-zone: the bed-slope is above 15 m/km. The typical species of this zone – the frequency of these is more then 50%, the dominance is more than 5% – is the Barbatula barbatula, but in the case of bigger streams Leuciscus cephalus is also characteristic.2./ Middle-chub-zone: the bed-slope is between 5-15 m/km. The typical fishspecies–besides the Barbatula barbatula and Leuciscus cephalus – is the Gobio gobio.3./ Down-chub-zone: in the case of larger watercourses (Zagyva and Tarna rivers) the bed-slope is 1,2-5 m/km, at smaller streamlets it is 1,7-5m/km. The typical fishspecies–besides the 3 above mentioned species–are the Cobitis elongatoides, the Alburnus alburnus and in the watersystem of Tarna the Alburnoides bipunctatus.4./ Top-perch-zone: the bed-slope is 0,3-1,2 m/km, or at smaller streamlets it is 0,3-1,7 m/km. The typical fishspecies–besidestheCobitis elongatoides, the Alburnus alburnus and the Alburnoides bipunctatus - are the Rutilus rutilus, the Gobio albipinnatus ant the Rhodeus sericeus.
Comparative study of wold and lowland situated small watercourses from fishbiological aspect
Authors: Takács Péter
Published: September 2019

Fishbiological research was held on 10 small watercourses, especially on the streams of woldy region of the southern foot of the Bükk-mountains and on the creeks of the lowland Borsodi-Mezőség in 2004. 7475 specimens of 34 species were caught as the result of our surveys on 28 sampling sites. Significant differences were found between fish stocks living in wold and lowland situated sampling sites.Nevertheless on the border of the hilly and lowland regions continous transition observed in the composition of fishstocks. Using Ind Val 2.0 statistical software indicator species appointed of the stocks of wold situated samling sites in “natural” and in “disturbed” states, and of the lowland situated sampling sites.
YEDİNCİ SINIF MADDENİN YAPISI VE ÖZELLİKLERİ ÜNİTESİ BAŞARI TESTİ GELİŞTİRİLMESİ: GEÇERLİK VE GÜVENİRLİK ÇALIŞMASI
Authors: KIZKAPAN Oktay , BEKTAŞ Oktay
Published: September 2019

Bu çalışmanın amacı, ortaokul öğrencilerinin
yedinci sınıf “Maddenin Yapısı ve Özellikleri” ünitesindeki öğrenmelerini ölçmeye
yönelik bir başarı testi geliştirmektir. Testin geliştirilme sürecinde ilk
olarak üniteye yönelik 13 kazanım belirlenmiş ve bu kazanımları kapsayacak
şekilde 39 adet çoktan seçmeli sorulardan bir havuz oluşturulmuştur. Hazırlanan
sorular, bir fen bilimleri eğitimcisi ve bir fen bilimleri dersi öğretmeninin
görüşüne sunularak kapsam geçerliği sağlanmıştır. Yapı geçerliği ve güvenirlik
hesaplaması için test, 2017-2018 eğitim-öğretim güz yarıyılında Kayseri ili
Kocasinan ilçesindeki iki okulda sekizinci sınıfta öğrenim gören 382 öğrenciye uygulanmıştır.
LISREL ve SPSS analizleri sonucunda 21 soru olarak belirlenen testin “Cronbach’s
Alfa” güvenirlik katsayısı .874 olarak bulunmuştur. Daha sonra testteki
maddelerin güçlük ve ayrıt edicilik indeksleri de hesaplanmış ve testteki tüm
soruların istenilen güçlük ve ayırt edicilik değerlerine sahip olduğu
görülmüştür. Sonuçta 21 çoktan seçmeli maddeden oluşan ve yedinci sınıf maddenin
yapısı ve özelikleri ünitesine yönelik bir başarı testi geliştirilmiştir.
Geliştirilen testin bu üniteyle ilgili öğrencilerin ölçülmesinde kullanılması
önerilmektedir.
THE EFFECTS OF SOCIAL MEDIA ON SOCIAL PRESENCE IN TEACHINGA FOREIGN LANGUAGE
Authors: ERGÜN ELVERİCİ Sibel , KARADENİZ Şirin
Published: September 2019

This study was carried out in order to reveal the effects of using social
media on social presence in foreign language teaching. Facebook was used as a
social media tool as part of the English lessons and 8th grade
students who attended a private school in Istanbul participated in the study.
The students in the experimental group used social media for their foreign
language classes and the control group continued their technology supported
foreign language education. Technology supported foreign language education was
considered to be the education that involved learning management systems and
technological tools that support face-to-face education. Mixed research design
was used. For the quantitative part, data were collected with the social
presence scale and for the qualitative part face-to-face interview with
semi-structured interview technique took place. The quantitative data were
analyzed by using Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, independent samples t-test and
ANCOVA. For the qualitative part content analysis was used where knowledge
building model was also considered. Based on the findings, it was concluded
that students in the experimental group who had their classes with Facebook had
higher social presence in their foreign language lessons.
TÜRKİYE’DE İKTİSAT EĞİTİMİNDE DOĞRU TERCİH YAPILIYOR MU?
Authors: ÇELİK Tuncay , AYKAN Ebru , BARAK Doğan
Published: September 2019

İktisat eğitiminde
tercih yapılırken üniversite sınavında eşit ağırlık puanlaması baz alınmaktadır.
Oysaki iktisat eğitimi, matematik ve istatistiğin araç olarak kullanıldığı ve
bünyesinde çok sayıda sayısal ders barındıran bir bölümdür. Bununla birlikte
üniversiteye giriş sınavında matematik neti az ya da hiç olmadığı halde bu
bölüme kayıt yaptırıp eğitimine devam eden çok sayıda öğrenci bulunmaktadır. Bu
bilim dalının eğitimcisi olarak yıllar boyu edinilen tecrübe, matematik alt
yapısı iyi olan öğrencilerin iktisat eğitimini daha başarılı bir şekilde
tamamladıkları yönündedir. Ülkemizde üniversite giriş sınavını yapan ÖSYM’nin
iktisat bölümü tercihinde eşit ağırlık yerine sayısal puanların değerlendirmeye
alınması ya da matematik katsayısının arttırılması yönünde yeni bir düzenlemeye
gitmesi gerekmektedir. İşte bu çalışmada iktisat bölümü öğrencileri üzerinde yapılan
anket çalışmasıyla, sayısal temeli iyi olan öğrencilerin iktisat eğitimi
başarıları ve bölüm tercihini etkileyen faktörlerin neler olduğu ortaya
konulmaya çalışılmıştır. Anket sonuçları, matematik alt yapısının iyi olmasının
iktisat bölüm derslerinde başarıyı olumlu etkilediğini gösterirken, ankete
katılan iktisat bölüm öğrencilerinin ancak yarısının bölümü isteyerek tercih
ettiklerini de ortaya koymaktadır.
ULUSLARARASI GÜVENLİK YAKLAŞIMLARININ TARİHSEL DÖNÜŞÜMÜ VE YENİ TEHDİTLER
Authors: BAKAN Selahaddin , ŞAHİN Sonay
Published: September 2019

Soğuk Savaş döneminde
ve öncesinde devlet merkezli, askeri güç odaklı bir bakış açısı olan realizmde
güvenlik yaklaşımı etkin olmuştur. 1970’li yıllarda dünya, petrol şokları,
çevre felaketleri, nükleer felaketler, gibi bir devletin tek başına baş
edemeyeceği küresel güvenlik tehditleri ile sarsılmış ve askeri güç odaklı olan
realizm güvenlik yaklaşımı, artan bu tehditlerin çözümünde yetersiz kalmıştır.
Soğuk Savaş döneminde ve sonrasında güvenlik kavramı uluslararası teoriler ışığında tekrar
değerlendirilmiştir ve güvenlik kapsamı sosyal, siyasal, ekonomik çevresel
boyutlarda genişlemiştir
Zamanda Mekân: Behçet Necatigil’in ‘Eski Sokak’ Şiiri
Authors: ŞİŞMAN Gülşah
Published: September 2019

Tikel nesnenin işaret ettiği tümel varlığın anlatı düzlemindeki
görünümlerinden olan zaman, sayılabilir süreyi aşan anlamıyla anlatı
kişilerinin bireysel ve metnin söylem tarihini şekillendirir. Edebi eseri
meydana getiren unsurların nitelikleri ve birbirleriyle olan ilişkileri,
insandan ve insan hayatından bağımsız düşünülmeyecek bir kavram olan zaman ile
bütünlenir. Sınırları belirsiz,
uçsuz bucaksız büyüklük halindeki mekân, içinde bulunulan yer olmanın ötesinde
bireyin değerler sistemini yansıtan, sosyal yapıyı şekillendiren bir
mekanizmadır. Sosyal olandan bireysele uzanan çizgide psikolojik ve ontolojik
açıdan kişinin durumunu, duruşunu yansıtan mekân; çevresel bir unsur olmaktan
uzaklaşarak algısal bir duraksama, kaçış, arayış, yüzleşme ve yansıma alanına
dönüşür. Necatigil, ilk şiirlerinin yayımlanmaya başladığı 1935’ten son
şiir kitabını çıkardığı 1975’e kadarki 40 yıllık sanat hayatı boyunca şiirin
yanı sıra radyo oyunu, deneme-inceleme, antoloji, mektup, çeviri gibi edebi
türlerde de ürünler verir. On dört farklı kitapta topladığı ve bireyi merkeze
aldığı şiirlerinde orta sınıfa mensup vatandaşın başından geçen durumları konu
edinir. Ev-aile-yakın çevre üçgeninde düzenlediği şiirlerinde mekân olarak
evler ve sokaklar öne çıkarken insandan ve insan hayatından bağımsız düşünülmeyecek
bir kavram olan zaman da temel kategori olarak yerini alır. Makalede şairin
geçmiş ile bugün, eski ile yeni, geleneksel ile modern karşıtlığı üzerine
kurguladığı ‘Eski Sokak’ adlı şiirinde bireyin zaman ve mekânla olan ilişkisi,
şiirinin başat unsurlarından ev-sokak / içeridekilik-dışarıdakilik
diyalektiğinde incelenecek,  buradan
hareketle şiirdeki insan gerçeği tespit edilmeye çalışılacaktır.
21. Yüzyıl Yeterlilikleri Ölçeği’nin Geliştirilmesi: Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması
Authors: YILMAZ Ercan , ALKIŞ Meryem
Published: September 2019

Bu araştırmanın amacı, üniversite öğrencilerinin 21.
Yüzyıl Yeterliliklerini ölçebilmek amacıyla geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme
aracı geliştirmektir. 21. Yüzyıl Yeterlilik Ölçeği; Bilgi, Beceri, Karakter ve
Metaöğrenme isimli 4 alt ölçeklerle ve her bir alt ölçek diğer ölçeklerden
bağımsız bir şekilde kullanılabilecek şekilde yapılandırılmıştır. Yapılan
analizler sonucunda 21. Yüzyıl Yeterlilik Ölçeğinin Bilgi alt ölçeğiyle ilgili
maddeler (Girişimcilik, Kişisel Finans, Sosyal Sistem, Teknoloji-Mühendislik,
Biyoenerji, Medya ve Sağlık) yedi faktör altında toplanmıştır. Tüm alt
ölçeklere ilişkin maddelerin oluştuğu doğrulayıcı faktör analizinin uyum
belirteçleri ile belirlenmiş modeller kuramsal olarak ve istatiksel açıdan
uygun bulunmuştur. Sonuç olarak üniversite öğrencilerinin 21. Yüzyıl
Yeterliliklerini ölçmek amacıyla geliştirilen ölçeklerin geçerli ve güvenilir
olduğu ve bu ölçeklerin yeterli düzeyde psikometrik özelliklere sahip olduğu
bulunmuştur.
INNOVATIVE SME IN SERBIA
Authors: Lilić Gabrijela , Jovanović Kuprešanin Dragana
Published: September 2019

Turbulent environment, crisis, globalization, rapid technical and technological progress, constant changes require new creative ideas from SME, new knowledge and constant innovation. SME should learn to live with constant changes. Knowledge is the driving force of any innovative venture.Isak Adizes points out: "On one occasion, I asked Ferdinand Porsche (the son of a founder of a car company) if he had two choices ahead of you: to lose all your people or to lose all your machines from which to give up before? He answered the machine! Why? What is easier to replace machines or people? Well machines of course. People have become the most valuable assets of SME because they have knowledge .. The recovery, development and competitiveness of SME depends on the ability and speed of using new knowledge and technologies (innovation capabilities). According to the European Commission, the creation, use and commercialization of new knowledge and technologies are essential for achieving competitiveness. The knowledge base encourages the development of innovations. Innovations as the most important source of change occupy a central place in the knowledge economy. Innovative SME are those who have implemented a one innovation. According to the OECD, a knowledge-based economy is an economy based on the creation, use and dissemination of knowledge and information. The innovative SME are the driving force for knowledge-based economy, they are the most efficient, most dynamic and flexible part of the economy and contribute to increasing the overall competitiveness of the Serbian economy. The paper presents the concept of innovative SME, development conditions and limitations. The importance that innovative SME have for the development of the SME sector in Serbia, as well as the creation of a competitive economy. The importance of the knowledge and innovation relation in innovative SME is also shown, as a key factor in the change and development of the economy as a whole.We given guidelines for improvement and further development of innovative SME in Serbia.
LOGISTICAL SERVICE OF CLIENTS AS A SYSTEM
Authors: Banabakova Vanya , Ilcheva Maria
Published: September 2019

With the development of the market relations the opportunities for clients to receive a better service are increasing. As a result of this their expectations for the level of service are increasing too. The logistical service of clients is the final phase of the chain from logistical activities and a result of their effective functioning. This is an important element of the marketing-mix of the organization as it provides the real access of products to the clients and in this way it directly reflects on the logistical cost, on the profit and profitability.The policy related with the logistical service appears to be part of the general organizational policy of clients’ relations, but it is specifically addressing the implementation of logistical activities according to the clients’ requirements.The logistical service of clients as an aggregation of elements and activates should be viewed as a system, which requires the application of a system approach, system analyses and situational approach.The system of logistical service is built upon concrete elements which are mutually related and correlate to each other in other to achieve the concrete objective of the whole system, as a result of which if needed the elements can be replaced in order to optimize the functions of the whole system. The main objective of this system is the delivery of products and services to a specific place, in the required quantity and range, in maximum readiness for productive or personal consumption, with an optimal level of cost and level of logistical service, which directly corresponds to clients requirements.The system for logistical service possesses some specific characteristics which are defined on the basis of its features which are also following the features of the whole logistical service. These features are an ultimate reflection of the four main features of every system such as – integrity and divisibility, presence of specific relations, organization and interactivity.The system for logistical service of clients includes the following sub-systems: sub-system “Logistical technologies, informationally managed systems and informational provision”, sub-system “Level of logistical service”, sub-system “Marketing policy of clients’ relations” and sub-system “Assessment and optimization of logistical service”.The sub-systems are mutually related and mutually determined and should function as an inter-relation while follow the overall aim of the system for logistical service of clients.The objective of the current paper is to analyses the logistical service as a system in order to identify the features of the system and on this basis to determine its sub-systems.
OPPORTUNITIES FOR DEVELOPMENT OF GEOLOGICAL TOURISM IN BULGARIA. UNUSED NICHES TO TOURISM ECONOMY
Authors: Valkova Shishmanova Maria
Published: September 2019

Anunused niche for the economy in the tourism sector is the development of geo-tourism, in particular geological tourism. The essence of geological tourism Is considered as one of the many components of geotourism. There is a critical review of normative documents that should address the modern development of geo-tourism in Bulgaria. Specific proposals for improving the regulatory documents are outlined. When designing and implementing the strategic objectives, there must be an explicit section on the development of geological tourism as an important subspecies of ecotourism. It is necessary to work in the direction of advertising, geo-conserving, socializing, announcing geoparks and creating routes for networking of these phenomena. The national geographic network must be bound to European and global. This sector of the economy would be very profitable, since everything close to nature is a free niche in the globalizing economy. The basic principles, the classification of destinations, the strategy for the development of geological tourism are presented using the ones already adopted for geotourism. On this basis ananalysis of the situation in the country and the opportunities for the development of geological tourism is made. The problems and the possible directions ahead of it are outlined. Whether they are interested in geology, people perceive geological phenomena as worthwhile, because they affect them aesthetically. What's more, in many cases, they are related to everyday life, culture and history. Sometimes geological phenomena even determine the traditions and behavior of people. Therefore, the geological heritage is perceived as a natural phenomenon that affects the lifestyle, traditions and relationships of people and must be preserved for future generations. Bulgaria is a natural geological museum. Geological Conservation in Bulgaria is in a transitional period that can give a powerful boost to the geological tourism or fall into a significant lag behind the European practices. For a successful transition to the legitimation of the Bulgarian geological heritage to the world, certain steps should be taken: to take urgent measures to recognize the problems of the Bulgarian geo-conservancy at the highest level; immediate approval by the Protected Areas Act of the new Geotop and Geopark categories or to prepare a separate geological heritage law; inclusion of regions with famous geologicall and marks among the priorities of the Operational Program for Regional Development – Regions in Growth. Geological tourism is one of the most romantic offerings for every lover of travels, so today numerous rock phenomena located on the territory of the country attract a large number of tourists.
THE IMPORTANCE OF GE TOOL IN CHOOSING AND ASSESSING BUSINESS STRATEGY
Authors: Elezaj Elvis , Elezaj Njomza
Published: September 2019

The purpose of this paper is to recognize the importance of future forecasting, namely the process of strategic formulation (evaluation and selection of strategic alternatives), and the impact that this dimension can have in our business. However, during the compilation of this research, a number of research methods and studies have been used on applying evaluation techniques and selecting the strategy as an IE matrix, in international companies and application opportunities in Kosovo businesses. The study focuses on ways of strategic planning in local enterprises, their impact and results achieved. What this research tries to highlight is the ability to apply dimensions of the IE matrix and the correlation between matrix boxes and businesses. The model of this paper will include studies of international and local cases in order to derive an empirical analysis of data, where matrices will represent how we use strategic issues and how we strive to predict future and competitiveness. Regarding the concept of forecasting and competition, this segment is very dynamic and turbulent that the changes are visible, so through these techniques we will try to identify the environment and the ways of evaluating it. Therefore, the size of strategic management is a necessary and vital field for companies to plan their future and foresee the environment in which they operate so that their movements and actions can be realized with a loyal and honest competition.
TRADE ECONOMIC COOPERATION OF KOSOVO WITH THE WESTERN BALKAN COUNTRIES
Authors: Mazreku Ibish , Morina Donjeta
Published: September 2019

With the rapid development of manufacturing forces, national markets are becoming very small, while the need for economic cooperation between countries is becoming ever greater. Economic and trade cooperation between countries is the only way for small countries to benefit from large markets. Viewed from the aspect of transition countries, this collaboration offers domestic producers the opportunity to link to global chains. For a small and new country like Kosovo, good economic and trade relations with neighboring countries are of great importance. Free trade with the countries of the region is of the utmost importance for Kosovo because it not only allows the import of raw materials and products that are not produced domestically, but it also provides potential markets for its exports. However, we recognize the fact that in terms of carrying out trade activities in relation to other countries, Kosovo faces a continuing problem that is the trade balance deficit as a result of its dependence on imports and as a result of its, in development constraints of exports. Kosovo is the smallest country in the region due to its size, but also by its economic and trade impact in the region. It is characterized by a lack of domestic economic development, namely with lack of the manufacturing sector and industry, and as a result, it can not satisfy domestic demand, which the demand is then forced to cover mainly by imports, by thus affecting the growth of the trade balance deficit.The purpose of this paper is to analyze the trends in Kosovo's foreign trade through various data published by relevant institutions, in order to look at the directions and trends in the development of trade activities with other countries, mainly with the countries of the Western Balkans (Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Macedonia, Montenegro and Serbia) and to seen the importance of this economic and trade cooperation. Based on this database and the comparisons made over the years, conclusions are drawn regarding the current trade conditions between Kosovo and these countries, their economic relations within CEFTA and the EU and their long-term economic orientation. Given the unfavorable trade situation in the region, it is necessary for the Balkan countries to strengthen their friendly bridges and to increase economic cooperation with a view to the mutual development of trade. This will most certainly contribute to an accelerated economic development for these countries as well as to improving the relations of the countries of the region. Creating a good relationship between the countries of the region is also the main goal of CEFTA, which enables the creation of a free trade zone for the Western Balkan countries. The path to prosperity for the Western Balkans depends on the progress of regional and international economic integration by linking with global markets through trade, transport, and investment.
IMPLEMENTATION OF GFS IN PUBLIC SECTOR OF KOSOVO
Authors: Morina Gazmend , Ukshini Ajete , Kadriaj Mustaf , Sejfijaj Zenel
Published: September 2019

In this paper will explain the functioning of the system of GFS (Government Finance Statistics) in the public sector in Kosovo. GFS is part of a series of international guidelines on statistical methodologies that have been issued by the International Monetary Fund. GFS was produced by the IMF’s Statistics Department in fulfillment of its mission to provide strong leadership for the development and application of sound statistical practices, and is published in service of the worldwide trend toward greater accountability and fiscal transparency.GFS will help the Ministry of Finance to prepare the annual data according to GFS and annual government finance statistics.It will also explain the classification of public expenditure in the public sector at central and local level and classification of public enterprises in Kosovo with specific budget. GFS refers generally to the central government, the public sector, including public enterprises, which in post-war Kosovo are not included in the Kosovo budget, except Radio Television of Kosovo, which is an extra budget unit. GFS also aims at co-operating or intermingling the public sector with the private sector. The public sector under the GFS structure consists of all resident institutional units directly or indirectly controlled by resident government units, which means all units of the general government sector and resident corporate corporations. The GFS Guide is a very important guide that facilitates the use and application of data and fiscal analysis for reporting purposes to anyone who wants to implement the GFS structure. Kosovo's benefit and benefit is of great importance as the IMF wants to help Kosovo in the field of fiscal data and the way it is reported. In addition to Kosovo, the IMF is helping other Balkan countries. However, according to GFS the costs or concretely the public accounting should be recorded according to accrual accounting principle. Thus, the government sector should move from accounting principle to cash basis, in accrual accounting principle.
THE RELEVANCE OF INTERCULTURAL COMPETENCE FOR INTERCULTURAL MANAGEMENT
Authors: Blazevski Ivan
Published: September 2019

The different changes in economic conditions such as the increasing interdependence of the world economy, the economic integration of Europe, the transformation of Central and Eastern Europe and the dynamics of the technological development have resulted in the fact, that the internationalization of business activities was inevitable. New businesses and firms were set up as a "conversion" of Western companies, as part of collaborations or linkages with Western organizations. The intercultural understanding cannot keep up with the pace of globalization. Business cooperation between different nations often fails due to the difference of the cultural values and attitudes. The economic imperative of globalization forces, on the one hand, more and more companies to expand their activities worldwide. On the other hand, companies are more and more exposed to cultural differences and their conflict-prone consequences without there being sufficient nation state or multinational mechanisms of control available. The failure of co-operation shows that purely economic conditions for success are necessary but not a sufficient condition for a successful collaboration. In addition to the necessary economic conditions, cultural aspects should be involved. Organizations should design and support organizational culture that maximizes the benefits of diversity, and use that culture to manage various groups of organizational members, project teams, business start-up teams, customer service response teams, and top management.Intercultural management intends to create and maintain a positive work environment where the similarities and differences of individuals are valued, so that all can reach their potential and maximize their contributions to an organization’s strategic goals and objectives. In addition, ensures that all employees have the opportunity to maximize their potential and enhance their self-development and their contribution to the organization. It recognizes that people from different backgrounds can bring fresh ideas and perceptions, which can make the way work is done more efficient and make products and services better.This paper discusses the importance and necessity of implementation of intercultural management approaches. Therefore, are listed examples that stress the contribution of the intercultural management approaches to the success of many western companies operating in different parts of the world, and to the success of mergers and acquisitions. In addition, an attempt is made to differentiate constituent elements of intercultural management, based on their representation in the largest number of authors, as well as pointing to areas of further research in the field of intercultural management.
FISCAL POLICY IN KOSOVO AND ITS IMPACT ON ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Mehmeti Fehmi , Dragaj Arsim
Published: September 2019

Fiscal policy in Kosovo (1999) is based on government revenue and expenditure for achieving certain economic and social goals, and to influence macroeconomic indicators.Fiscal policy in this direction should be in the function of development and economic growth, with a high employment rate and protected from inflation.After the war in Kosovo, an UNMIK mission was set up, which from June to September 1999 was designated to provide donations in order to meet the emergency needs for financing and activating public administration, infrastructure rehabilitation and public services.In September 1999, the United Nations Civilian Administration established the Central Fiscal Authority (CFA) in Kosovo to build fiscal policy.Fiscal policy under specific conditions in Kosovo was tightened to mobilize financial means to cover public needs. So initially it was determined to collect funds for the Treasury bypassing the aspect of development of Kosovo. No mitigating administrative measures have been taken for economic development.
THE ROLE OF THE INFORMATION SYSTEM IN THE MANAGEMENT OF THE HUMAN RESOURCES
Authors: Ramaj Vehbi , Sejfijaj Zenel , Ramaj Donikë
Published: September 2019

Human resources and their management are among the biggest challenges in today's business environment. Information and data are needed by the human resources manager to have sufficient knowledge in order to evaluate the performance of the enterprise in general.It is also important for leaders to be aware of the different types of technology that can improve organizational effectiveness.Technology has changed the business world, and this has happened frequently and year after year. In the information age, the advantage of using computers and the internet has increased the impact significantly.Technology and information nowadays is the basis of business development and has a strong impact on the productivity of organizations, achieving its main objective such as profitability.For the realization of this papera methodology is used that consists of a combination of primary and secondary data.Secondary data are the result of a review of a wide literature on change management, which has served to construct hypotheses and the theoretical model presented and tested in this paper.The primary search is based on the data collected through questionnaires distributed to businesses.In surveys conducted for this research paper, the results show that the impact of contemporary technology is on the rise.This impact is noticeably present in all areas, parts, business departments, including in an almost broader aspect and the Human Resources department. This impact is clearly seen in the process of recruiting, training, how to organize or document storage data and management performance. Enterprises that develop their business in this dynamic environment are also characterized by ongoing changes and can not function without the use of information technology. Globalization of the market and the rapid development of information and communication technology have influenced the IT system to have a more important role in business processes than in the past. IT systems are being used today by businesses at all levels of the organization's management, and in all its functional areas, from finance, accounting, marketing, human resources to production. Social and organizational changes in the economic environment are numerous and wide. Accordingly, it is important that human resources management (HRM) becomes more and more qualitative, fast, flexible and consistent with future trends, as it is one of the successful business parameters.
THE STATE AS A COMPETITOR
Authors: Palashevski Jovica
Published: September 2019

The most commonly asked question is whether states are competing with one another. It is correct to think that nations compete with each other just as the firms do. Paul Krugman points out that the idea of state competition is a dangerous obsession. However, the generally accepted viewpoint between policymakers and the academic world is very different. The transformation of the nation-state into a corporate market-state lies at the heart of political globalization. Inclusion in economic competition is another manifestation of practicing the so-called. "Soft power" by the states. Books, government reports, daily newspapers, television programs, virtually all over the world, announce the language and imagination of the battle of competition between countries for a larger piece of the global economic pie.
PLANNING OF THE EMPLOYEES FOR TRAINING
Authors: Hoti Izet , Fejza Jusuf
Published: September 2019

Depending on the different types of workers we have different trainings, starting from the beginning of the training and upgrading the careers. Honorary training aims to train new employees after receiving them in the enterprise. Conditional training is used for employees before they receive a new job. In re-training should be sent employees who have forgotten some parts of the work, due to a long time or the work itself is outdated. Continuous training is used for employees with special tasks and services for gradual career advancement and development.
LEGISLATION AS A SUBSTANTIVE PRINCIPLE OF ADMINISTRATION
Authors: Vitanski Dejan
Published: September 2019

One of the essential principles, which represents a pivot in the physiognomy of the legal order, is the principle of legality. His imperative is manifested through the obligation of the administrative organs and officials, the actions they take and the acts they make, to base exclusively on the laws, as well as the rules based on the law. Legality is a fundamental principle that all employees, from the top to the bottom of the administrative pyramid, should uphold. As a substantive element, it constitutes the essence of the service-based and functionally potent administrative systems of European countries and is established as a normative framework, directive, guide, roadmap and postulate for the operation of their officers. Because of its primordial and strategic significance, in states with atrophied and insufficient institutional structures, which still pass through the labyrinth of the obscure transition tunnel, this principle should be implanted as the basic substrate in the mental matrix and in the professional habitat of the administrators. In accordance with the principle of legality, the authorities of the public and state administration, in the immediate application of the laws and other regulations, have a duty to provide the rights of the clients, ie they impose obligations that arise only from the laws. In this way, the principle of equality is revived, and arbitrariness, voluntarism and arbitrariness in the resolution of the rights and obligations of citizens and other legal entities are prevented. By practicing the principle of legality, in fact, the stability of the legal as well as the social system as a whole is ensured and the fundamental, constitutional and law-enforced rights of citizens are guaranteed. The administrative authorities are obliged to apply the principle of legality and in cases when they are authorized to decide on a free (discretionary) assessment. It is a guarantee mechanism for reducing and preventing arbitrariness and arbitrariness in decision-making. The antidote to legality is illegality. In the narrow sense, the notion of illegitimacy refers to abuse of power (ultra vires), or rather incompetence, a direct violation of legal rules and errors in the establishment and the legal qualification of the facts. This meaning of the term in "narrower sense" refers, in particular, to cases where the administration procedure is regulated by a law that is very precise and in cases where the competence of the administrative authority is determined and imposed in accordance with the law, but it can also apply of cases where the administration has some kind of discretion. In a broader sense, however, illegality involves the pursuit of improper purposes and consideration of inadequate considerations and irrelevant factors.
PREVENTION OF DOMESTIC VIOLENCE IN THE REPUBLIC OF SERBIA
Authors: Simović Miodrag , Jovašević Dragan , Simović Marina
Published: September 2019

Domestic violence, not only in the Republic of Serbia but in other legal systems as well, is a dangerous criminal offence amongst crime violence which is going on between close relatives. Therefore, in addition to the system of criminal sanctions, various measures of preventive characters are applied more and more often against persons committing violence, in prevention of this dangerous social evil. Their goal is to prevent domestic violence in general or its recommission. Similar situation is in the Republic of Serbia where a special law has been applied since 2016.With the aim of taking organized and systematic activities of different social subjects, especially state organs to prevent and combat (repress) domestic violence or violence in relationships in the Republic of Serbia, the Government of the Republic of Serbia adopted in 2011 a “National strategy to prevent and combat violence over women in families and relationships”. This strategy is an expression of the RS Government’s resoluteness to protect women from domestic violence and relationships in advance, complying with international standards and acts on the protection of fundamental human rights - by providing support to all the subjects in their activities to prevent and combat these forms of violence. This way, the Strategy encourages application of international and domestic legal norms and standards protecting human rights, promoting gender equality and prohibiting any form of domestic or relationship violence against women, as form of violence which mostly affects women. This Strategy confirms inclusion of the Republic of Serbia into joint activities of the Council of Europe and the European Union, having the aim to raise social consciousness about the problem of domestic violence against women and forming of realistic assumptions for efficient prevention of these forms of violence. The essence of this Strategy are conclusions reached at the National Conference on combat against violence against women, held in 2007 as part of the Council of Europe’s campaign for the combating against all forms of violence against women, including domestic violence.The Strategy of the Republic of Serbia pays special attention to the group of women who are exposed (or potentially might be exposed) to multiple discrimination, as vulnerable groups of women, like women with disabilities, Roma women, mothers of disabled children, handicapped women or women with chronical diseases, women from the villages, older women, refugees or displaced women etc. This Strategy especially took into account a Recommendation of the Council of Europe 1905 (2010) on the necessity to protect children who witness domestic violence, adopted in March 2010, which leans on the Declaration of the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe 1714 (2010) on Children who witness domestic violence.
PROHIBITION TO EXERCISE PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITIES AS A MODERN APPROACH OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE PROTECTION OF ECONOMIC CRIME
Authors: Ashtalkoska-Baloska Tatijana , Srbinovska-Doncevski Aleksandra
Published: September 2019

The increase of certain forms of crime, their transformation, as well as the creation of new forms of crime, unknown to the theory and practice until now, which it connects or uses the exercise of certain legal activity for the realization of property benefits, independently or in organized groups, contributes to the introduction of new, but also a revitalization of existing sanctions, that should enable the combating of these forms of crime, but also to be a message to others that crime is not paid. Hence, in the fight against organized crime, first of all economic crime, today, more attention turns to prohibition to exersice professional activities, as a punishments or punitive sanctions and other measures that should contribute to removing the motive for committing the criminal offense, alone or in combination with other penal sanctions and measures. The attention of this paper will be directed, precisely in the analysis of the characteristics, the effects and the role of these penal sanctions in the criminal justice protection of economic crime.