bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
RESENSI JUDUL BUKU “PSIKOLOGI AGAMA” KARANGAN PROF. DR. H. JALALUDDIN
Authors: AZ Nairazi
Published: May 2022

Agama adalah kenyataan terdekat dan sekaligus misteri terjauh. Begitu dekat karena selalu hadir dalam kehidupan kita sehari-hari, di rumah, televisi, pasar dan kantor – dimana saja. Begitu misterius karena ia menampilkan wajah-wajah yang  tampak berlawanan: atas nama agama, orang tega membunuh atau melayani sesama tanpa batas, mengilhami pancaran ilmu tertinggi. Menciptakan gerakan massa paling besar atau menuntun manusia ke misteri sunyi paling rahasia memekikkan perang paling brutal atau menebarkan kedamaian paling sejati.
LEMBAGA WILAYATUL HISBAH DALAM TINJAUAN UNDANG-UNDANG PEMERINTAHAN ACEH
Authors: Mariadi
Published: May 2022

Secara yuridis, pengaturan syari’at Islam di Aceh didasarkan pada Undang-undang Nomor 44 Tahun 1999 tentang Penyelenggaraan Keistimewaan Provinsi Daerah Istimewa Aceh dan Implementasi dari pelaksanaan syari’at Islam tertulis dalam peraturan daerah Nomor 5 Tahun 2000 tentang Pelaksanaan Syari’at Islam Provinsi Daerah Istimewa Aceh.Wilayatul qadha adalah lembaga peradilan umum seperti dikenal sekarang, wilayatul madzalim adalah lembaga peradilan yang dibentuk untuk menangani kasus kesewenang-wenangan dan kezaliman pejabat pemerintah, sedangkan Wilayat al-Hisbah adalah lembaga yang bertugas mengawasi pelaksanaan syari’at Islam dan amar ma’ruf nahi munkar secara umum.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PERCERAIAN DALAM TINJAUAN PERUNDANG-UNDANGAN NEGARA
Authors: Nurdin Akmal
Published: May 2022

Dalam pasal 115 Kompilasi Hukum Islam (KHI) yang isinya sebagai berikut : "Perceraian hanya dapat dilakukan didepan sidang Pengadilan setelahPengadilan yang tersebut berusaha dan tidak berhasil mendamaikan kedua belahpihak." Berdasarkan Kompilasi Hukum Islam (KHI) Pasal 115 seperti yang termaktub di atas maka yang dimaksud dengan perceraian perspektif Kompilasi Hukum Islam (KHI) adalah proses pengucapan ikrar talak yang harus dilakukan di depan persidangan dan disaksikan oleh para hakim Pengadilan Agama. Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi, yaitu: Faktor Ekonomi Dalam Keluarga, Faktor Peningkatan Gaji, Faktor Perselingkuhan, Pelayanan Dalam Keluarga, Domisili, dan Perkembangan Teknologi Informasi.
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP ANAK KORBAN PEMERKOSAAN (ANALISIS DAMPAK PSIKOLOGIS TERHADAP PUTUSAN MAHKAMAH SYAR’IYYAH KOTA LANGSA)
Authors: Amrunsyah
Published: May 2022

The implementation of legal protection for child victims of rape has not been maximized as provided by the Law. Even though it has not been maximal, there are several forms of legal protection that have been given to children as victims according to Law Number 35 Year 2014 concerning Child Protection article 64 paragraph (3), that children as victims get (a) rehabilitation both within institutions and outside the institution , (b) identity protection and reporting efforts through the mass media to avoid labeling, (c) providing safety guarantees for witnesses of victims and expert witnesses both physically, mentally and socially, and (d) providing accessibility to obtain information about the development of cases. first, getting harmony between the theories used with legal decisions carried out by the Langsa City Islamic Court. Second, knowing the psychological impact of child rape victims and thirdly, the obstacles faced in deciding the rape of the rape are still different from the Law on Child Protection, meaning that there is still dualism in the laws that apply in Aceh, including in Langsa City.
PENYELESAIAN SENGKETA MELALUI PERADILAN ADAT ACEH
Authors: Nurdin Mulyadi
Published: May 2022

Juridically, the implementation of customary justice has been supported by a number of laws and regulations. In various laws and regulations, it was stated explicitly that strengthening customary law and customary justice must start from the Gampong and Mukim. Dispute resolution in the adat court does not mention customary justice but directly mentions the name of government institutions such as gampong and mukim. So that customary justice is carried out traditionally in Gampong and customary settlement in Mukim. While the Mukim Adat Assembly functions as a body that maintains and develops adat, organizes customary peace, resolves and gives customary decisions on disputes and customary violations, gives legal force to things and other evidences according to adat. Procession Gampong disputes / disputes are held in the Meunasah while the Mukim adat court is held in mosques, or other places designated by the Keuchik and Imeum Mukim. Related to the procedures and conditions for resolving disputes / disputes, carried out in accordance with local customary provisions.
KEWENANGAN DINAS PERTANAHAN ACEH DALAM PENERAPAN UU NO. 11 TAHUN 2006 TENTANG PEMERINTAH ACEH
Authors: NUR ANSHARI
Published: May 2022

Pemerintah Pusat memberikan otoritas kepada pemerintah Aceh yang berkaitan dengan pertanahan, padahal pertanahan adalah bagian dari wewenang yang semestinya menjadi otoritas Pemerintah Pusat. Maka dalam tulisan ini, penulis akan menjabarkan kewenangan yang diberikan pemerintah pusat terhadap pertanahan di Aceh. Sebagai realisasi dari UU No. 11 Tahun 2006 Tentang Pemerintah Aceh. Di dalam UU Pemerintah Aceh ini, adanya pembentukan Dinas Pertanahan Aceh sebagai perangkat Aceh yang bertugas menangani pertanahan. Metode penelitian dalam tulisan ini adalah normatif dengan penelusuran buku-buku terkait tulisan ini dan peraturan perundang-undangan yang mendukung. Jawaban dari tulisan ini didapati bahwa kedudukan Dinas Pertanahan Aceh sebagai salah satu fungsi penunjang urusan pemerintahan yang menjadi kekhususan Aceh. Adapun kewenangan yang diberikan untuk Dinas Pertanahan Aceh berupa beberapa wewenang berkaitan dengan pertanahan yang mana wewenang penting masih berada di pemerintah pusat.
Pernikahan Sedarah dalam Perspektif Hukum Pidana Islam
Authors: Sufrizal  , M. Anzaikhan
Published: May 2022

Pernikahan sedarah atau inses merupakan hal tabu dalam masyarakat namun masih intens terjadi. Fenomena ini bukanlah temuan baru namun sudah pernah eksis pada masa kerajaan Persia dimana beberapa rajanya pada masa itu ada yang menikahi ibu kandung atau anak kandungnya. Realitas itu merupakan tuntutan dari adat dan falsafah ajaran keagamaan masa itu. Pernikahan sedarah merupakan kecacatan dalam tatanan sosial-masyarakat sebab dapat menganggu kesetabilan dan merusak keturunan, untuk itu hukum Islam hadir sebagai penengah didukung oleh hukum positif sehingga praktik pernikahan sedarah dapat ditekan dan diminimalisir semaksimal mungkin. Pernikahan sedarah biasanya dipicu oleh kondisi lingkungan khususnya ketika pihak yang lebih superior memiliki kelainan seksual dalam melihat anggota keluarganya. Fenomena pernikahan sedarah sulit untuk dilacak dikarenakan tertutup oleh kelaziman ikatan darah yang mengizinkan pelaku tinggal dalam satu atap. Disinilah peran hukum pidana Islam sangat urgen untuk memproteksi dan memberikan sanksi agar adanya efek jera bagi pelaku yang melampai batas.
UQUBAT TA’ZIR JARIMAH PELECEHAN SEKSUAL DALAM QANUN ACEH NO. 6 TAHUN 2014 DI MAHKAMAH SYAR’IYAH KOTA LANGSA (Perspektif Fiqh Kontemporer)
Authors: Akmal  , Nairazi AZ
Published: May 2022

Pelecehan seksual dianggap sebagai perbuatan manusia yang telah hilang sisi kemanusiaannya, karena perbuatan tersebut memaksakan kehendak untuk melakukan hubungan seksual dengan objek yang tidak menginginkan hal tersebut terjadi, yang layak diberikan uqubat ta‟zir dengan menjaga keseimbangan dan keamanan masyarakat. Mengenai mekanisme uqubat ta‟zir Jarimah Pelecehan Seksual yang terjadi di Mahkamah Syar‟iyah Kota Langsa pada Tahun 2017 dilakukan terhadap anak-anak yang putusannya berdasarkan Qanun Aceh No. 6 Tahun 2014 Pasal 47. Sedangkan menurut kesepakatan ulama kontemporer bahwa jarimah pelecehan seksual tergolong ke dalam tindakan pelanggaran yang dapat merusak tatanan kehidupan masyarakat, maka pelaku jarimah pelecehan seksual wajib diberikan sanksi berupa ta‟zir yaitu sanksinya diberikan oleh penguasa berdasarkan hasil ijtihad. Dalam penyusunan mekanisme uqubat jarimah ta‟zir dengan tidak mengesampingkan aspek pidana, salah satunya mengenai pembebasan rasa bersalah oleh terpidana sebagai penebusan dosa atas kesalahan yang dilakukan dan memulihkan keseimbangan, sebagaimana yang disebutkan dalam teori expiation, secara jelas menyebutkan bahwa pelaku harus membayar kerugian-kerugian yang ditimbulkannya.
DINAMIKA HUKUM ISLAM DAN PERUBAHAN SOSIAL DI ACEH (Upaya Membangun Hukum Pindana Islam yang Responsif Dan Dinamis)
Authors: Muhammad Rusdi bin Muhammaddiah  , Muhazir
Published: May 2022

Changes in Islamic law can not be avoided, because Islamic law is in direct contact with a dynamic society. A society with a social background cannot avoid social symptoms when faced with Islamic law. Changes in Islamic law until now are still reaping the pros and cons between fundamentalist and contextualist groups, each of whom has its own views on Islamic legal texts. This study is a literature review with a conceptual approach. The results of this study indicate that the dynamics of changing Islamic law are strongly influenced by social dynamics. This is evident when Islamic law is exposed to a changing social reality. In order to accommodate social change, Islamic law, with the concept of maqasid sharia, is able to answer the needs of social law without having to leave the principles of sharia.
PEMAKSAAN SEKSUAL DALAM RUMAH TANGGA DILIHAT DARI KEMASLAHATAN DAN KEMUDHARATAN MENURUT HUKUM PIDANA ISLAM
Authors: Rasyidin Rasyidin
Published: May 2022

This article focuses on sexual coercion in the household in terms of benefit and harm according to Islamic Penal Law, in Islam in a legal marriage we need to realize that sex is not an erroneous thing in Islamic law but a recommended routine. However, when you want to have a relationship, don't take paths that are not pleased by Allah, meaning by force, violence but in a gentle and wise way that was encouraged by the Prophet Muhammad SAW. For the sake of the procreation of the creation of the children of Adam, it is tracing the activity of sexual relations and there is no concept of sin placed on it that sexual relations are considered as interests or desires between husband and wife. In Law No. 23 of 2004, it is wisely accommodated for perpetrators of forced sexual relations as well as those regulated by imprisonment and civil penalties as stipulated in Article 8 for perpetrators of forcing sexual relations while in Islamic criminal law, coercion of sex in the household punishment for the perpetrator of the finger of ta'zir
KHUTBAH JUM’AT VERSUS PIDANA (Meretas Unsur-Unsur Pidana Dalam Pesan Keagamaan)
Authors: Zulham Wahyudani Zulham Wahyudani
Published: May 2022

Friday speech are a strategic medium for conveying religious messages, because they are routine in nature and must be attended by Muslims in congregation. Unfortunately, this media is sometimes used by radicalism movements to impoverish democratic attitudes and provocation towards the Government. Therefore, the Friday speech material becomes one of the concerns of the Ministry of Religious Affairs. This study aims to determine the role of the Ministry of Religious Affairs in preventing acts of radicalism through the Friday speech materials. This research uses the library research with a normative comparative study of the Malaysian State. The results of this study indicate that Government that can be applied by the Ministry of Religious Affairs. The Ministry of Religious Affairs issues a policy in the form of a Regulation of the Minister of Religion on the Friday speech materials and punishment to the Friday Khatib (speaker) who is obliged to deliver the speech texts that has been prepared. Thus, the regulation of minister of religion is expected to minimize the emergence of controversy which is not accompanied by objective understanding information on an emerging phenomenon.
PEMBERIAN BANTUAN HUKUM KEPADA MASYARAKAT MISKIN BERDASARKAN UU NO 16 TAHUN 2011 TENTANG BANTUAN HUKUM DI LBH KOTA LANGSA
Authors: Zubir  , Muhammad Firdaus  , Syauqas Rahmatillah
Published: May 2022

Advocates are one of the law enforcers based on article 5 paragraph 1 of law no. 18 of 2003 concerning advocates which states that advocates are law enforcers they are free and independent who are guaranteed by law, advocates and/or legal aid institutions act as institutions that provide free legal assistance to underprivileged people. This article discusses how the role of legal aid agencies in optimizing the provision of legal aid to poor people, and how the barriers and obstacles in the application of legal aid by legal aid agencies in Langsa city. This study uses normative research methods that are supported by empirical research. The result show that the provision of free legal aid to the poor is regulated in government regulation number 83 of 2008, law no.18 of 2003 and law number 16 of 2011, the role of legal aid institutions in providing free legal assistance to the poor has not been maximized. They are not accompanied by appointing the poor who are litigating, and the community does not know about the existence of a legal aid agency and because of the lack of socialization about the existence of a legal aid agency in Langsa city, so the community does not know abaout the existence of a legal aid agency.
MEKANISME PENYELESAIAN KASUS TINDAK PIDANA PENGANIYAAN MELALUI HUKUM ADAT DI KABUPATEN ACEH SINGKIL
Authors: Khairuddin
Published: May 2022

Hukum adat sering digunakan oleh masyarakat untuk menyelesaikan masalah termasuk di Aceh Singkil, ada beberapa faktor yang melatarbelakangi terjadinya penganiayaan yaitu 1) faktor kepribadian seperti emosi yang tidak stabil kepada orang lain dapat memicu terjadinya penganiayaan 2) faktor keluarga, 3) faktor lingkungan yang kurang kondusif. Adapun mekanisme penyelesaian penyiksaan melalui hukum adat memiliki beberapa tahapan, yaitu 1) keluarga penganiaya mendatangi kepala desa, bahwa anaknya telah melukai seseorang, dan ingin berdamai, 2) tahap kedua, pelaku. Kepala desa menginformasikan kepada kepala desa korban bahwa kasus tersebut diselesaikan dengan hukum adat setempat 3) tahap ketiga, keluarga pelaku mengunjungi rumah korban dengan musyawarah dua keluarga dan masing-masing kepala desa dengan tujuan untuk berdamai 4) tahap keempat, setelah kesepakatan antara pelaku dan keluarga korban, pelaku akan menyerahkan apa yang diminta oleh korban, kemudian menandatangani surat kesepakatan antara keduanya. Namun, jika tidak ada kesepakatan, kasus penganiayaan akan dilimpahkan ke hukum. Menyaksikan para pelaku penyiksaan menurut hukum adat dengan, 1) mengobati sampai sembuh 2) membayar denda sesuai kesepakatan keluarga 3) membuat nasi kuning dan peralatan untuk dimakan bersama, peseujuk, nasi satu bambu dan kelapa dua potong.
HUKUMAN BAGI PELAKU ZINA MELALUI NIKAH SIRRI (Studi Kasus Putusan No. 8/JN/2020/MS.KSG. dan N0. 10/JN/2020/MS-KSG.)
Authors: Abi Hasan
Published: May 2022

Pernikahan di bawah tangan secara hukum positif tidak diakui namun tetap dianggap sah, akantetapi pernikahan seperti ini sering menimbulkan masalah baik secara perdata bahkan sampai kepada pidana. Permasalahan secara perdata pastinya tidak diakui keabsahan perkawinan mereka, sehingga berimplikasi susahnya mereka mendapatkan akses administrasi lainnya. Sedangkan permasalahan secara pidana biasanya timbul akibat penyalahgunaan dari pernikahan di bawah tangan itu sendiri, penyalahgunaan pernikahan dibawah tangan ini juga terjadi pada Putusan No. 8/JN/2020/MS.KSG. dan N0. 10/JN/2020/MS-KSG di Aceh Tamiang. Di mana dalam putusan tersebut terdakwa (perempuan) telah melakukan pernikahan di bawah tangan kepada dua orang laki-laki dalam waktu yang berbeda tapi sangat berdekatan, padahal status perempuan tersebut masih dalam ikatan perkawinan dengan suaminya yang resmi. Sehingga dengan kejadian ini, Mahkamah Syar’iyah Kuala Simpang memberikan putusan hukum berupa hudud kepada si perempuan masing-masing 100 kali cambukan, karena melalui dua proses persidangan. Putusan ini sendiri dilakukan karena perempuan telah melakukan pengakuan melakukan hubungan badan kepada kedua suami sirrinya (illegal baik secara negara atau juga agama). Dengan demikian tulisan ini sendiri ingin memberikan analisis kenapa hakim Mahkamah Syar’iyah memutuskan hukuman zina kepada pelaku nikah sirri, dan juga menganalisis secara hukum Islam terkait hasil putusan yang telah dijatuhkan.
KEBIJAKAN SEKTOR PENDIDIKAN DI DAERAH ISTIMEWA YOGYAKARTA DALAM PENCEGAHAN PERSEBARAN COVID-19
Authors: Camalia Farhah Millati , Yuniningsih Tri , Dwimawanti Ida Hayu
Published: May 2022

Pandemi Covid-19 mengakibatkan dampak sektor pendidikan di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) menganalisis implementasi kebijakan sektor pendidikan dalam masa pandemi Covid-19 dan (2) menganalisis hambatan dalam pelaksanaan kebijakan sektor pendidikan dalam masa pandemi Covid-19 di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan yakni penelitian kualitatif. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Pendekatan Analisis Isi (Content Analysis). Sumber data dalam penelitian ini adalah publikasi dari instansi Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS), Dokumen Publik Pemerintah Daerah Yogyakarta, Publikasi Ilmiah, media massa yang terkait dengan implementasi dan hambatan kebijakan sektor pendidikan pada masa pandemi Covid-19 di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta selama Bulan Maret 2020 sampai dengan Mei 2021. Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini adalah pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan (1) Kebijakan sektor pendidikan pada masa pandemi Covid-19 di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta sudah diimplementasikan dengan baik, hal tersebut diketahui dari aspek komunikasi, pelaksana, kelompok sasaran, sumber daya, disposisi dan struktur birokrasi berjalan dengan baik.. (2) Hambatan dalam implementasi kebijakan sektor pendidikan pada masa pandemi Covid-19 di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta adalah: keterbatasan sarana pembelajaran, pemahaman teknologi yang terbatas, lemahnya sinyal internet di daerah dan keterbatasan pengetahuan terhadap pembelajaran online.
KOLABORASI DALAM SOSIALISASI PROGRAM GENERASI BERENCANA PADA PELAKSANAAN PENDEWASAAN UMUR PERNIKAHAN
Authors: Wijayanti Zetia , Kismartini Kismartini , Sunu Retno
Published: May 2022

Persoalan anak muda di Indonesia saat ini sangat memprihatinkan, salah satunya adalah pernikahan dini. BKKBN mengeluarkan Program Generasi Berencana yang bertanggung jawab menanggulangi kasus tersebut. Program GENRE bertujuan untuk mengatasi pernikahan dini perlu dilaksanakan dan disosialisasikan dengan baik, untuk itu perlu kerja sama/kolaborasi dari berbagai stakeholder yang bertanggung jawab dan berperan penting dalam menyukseskan program ini. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pola kolaborasi stakeholder dalam mengoptimalkan sosialisasi program generasi berencana pada pelaksanaan pendewasaan usia perkawinan. Metode Riset yang digunakan adalah Metode Riset tinjauan pustaka dari berbagai sumber yang terkait dengan kasus Pernikahan Dini, seperti riset sebelumnya, laporan pemerintah dan Media Massa. Hasil penelitian berdasarkan teori Anshell dan Gash (2007) bahwa keberhasilan kolaborasi stakeholder dipengaruhi oleh Pertemuan atau komunikasi yang baik, membangun kepercayaan, komitmen bersama, pemahaman bersama, dan pencapaian hasil menyatakan bahwa kolaborasi pada pencegahan dini di Provinsi Bengkulu didalamnya melibatkan kolaborasi antara BKKBN, Dinas Pemberdayaan dan Perlindungan Anak, serta Dinas Kesehatan Sehingga angka pernikahan dini di Bengkulu belum menunjukkan penurunan kasus.
POTENSI SEKTOR PARIWISATA KABUPATEN GUNUNG MAS SELAMA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Saputro Agung Eddy Suryo , Putri Mayang Pradina
Published: May 2022

Pada awal tahun 2020, Pandemi Covid-19 mulai melanda dunia dan Indonesia. Pandemi Covid-19 telah mengakibatkan perekonomian Indonesia menjadi lemah, termasuk perekonomian Kabupaten Gunung Mas. Sektor yang paling terkena dampak Pandemi Covid-19 adalah sektor pariwisata. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji potensi ekonomi dan potensi pariwisata Kabupaten Gunung Mas pada masa Pandemi Covid-19. Metode analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Analisis Tipologi Klassen dan Location Quotient. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat empat sektor PDRB yang memiliki potensi ekonomi di Kabupaten Gunung Mas. Keempat sektor PDRB tersebut adalah  Pertambangan dan Penggalian; Perdagangan Besar dan Eceran, Reparasi Mobil dan Sepeda Motor, Administrasi Pemerintah; dan Pendidikan. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga menunjukkan bahwa Kecantikan dan Kesehatan memiliki potensi pariwisata di Kabupaten Gunung Mas. Strategi yang tepat digunakan untuk mengembangkan Produk Kecantikan dan Kesehatan adalah Promosi dan Ekspansi.
PENUGASAN STUDI KASUS DALAM MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS PESERTA PELATIHAN DASAR CPNS DI PEMBELAJARAN AGENDA KEDUDUKAN DAN PERAN PNS DALAM NKRI
Authors: Hapsari Wulandari Indri , Kurnia Arif Rahmat
Published: May 2022

Tujuan penelitian adalah menelaah kemampuan berpikir kritis peserta dan faktor penyebabnya. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian mixed method dengan explanatory sequential design memakai  data primer dan data sekunder. Data primer kuantitatif diambil dengan kuesioner, yang kemudian dilanjutkan dengan kualitatif memakai metode Focus Group Discussion (FGD) kepada informan yang termasuk dalam deviant case sampling dan wawancara mendalam terhadap tutor agenda Kedudukan dan Peran PNS dalam NKRI. Data sekunder yang dikumpulkan adalah karakteristik dan data hasil belajar peserta. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari 40 informan, mayoritas (82,5%) yang telah mengikuti Pelatihan Dasar CPNS Agenda Kedudukan dan Peran PNS dalam NKRI di Bapelkes Semarang masih belum masuk kategori berpikir kritis. Faktor spesifik yang menyebabkan tidak tercapainya setiap indikator berpikir kritis adalah miskonsepsi, belum memahami dan memetakan aturan maupun konsep, manajemen waktu yang tidak efektif, belum memahami peran dan posisi, sedangkan faktor umum yang mempengaruhi hal tersebut adalah tidak munculnya kemampuan berpikir kritis antara lain kurangnya ruang diskusi, belum memahami makna berpikir kritis, ketahanan fisik dan psikologis, dan kondisi keluarga yang kurang mendukung proses pembelajaran. Peneliti menyarankan perbaikan internal dan eksternal guna memperbaiki pembelajaran sehingga pencapaian kemampuan berpikir kritis peserta latih menjadi lebih optimal.
PROGRAM ECO-PESANTREN BERBASIS KEMITRAAN SEBAGAI UPAYA MEMASYARAKATKAN ISU-ISU LINGKUNGAN MELALUI PENDIDIKAN
Authors: DIAVANO ADAM
Published: May 2022

Permasalahan lingkungan sudah menjadi permasalahan global, permasalahan tersebut timbul karena bertambahnya penduduk dan berubahnya gaya hidup menjadi lebih konsumtif. Konsekuensi dari kondisi di atas adalah lingkungan akan dieksploitasi yang menyebabkan bencana alam, berbagai pihak sudah mencoba untuk mengatasi permasalahan lingkungan akan tetapi hasilnya belum optimal. Hal tersebut dikarenakan rendahnya kesadaran masyarakat terhadap lingkungan, oleh sebab itu perlu adanya pendidikan lingkungan sejak dini. Eco-pesantren adalah program yang mengandalkan peran pesantren untuk melestarikan lingkungan melalui pendidikan lingkungan berbasis agama. Upaya penanganan permasalahan lingkungan seperti program eco-pesantren perlu ditangani dengan pola kemitraan, sebab permasalahan lingkungan adalah permasalahan yang bersifat multi stakeholder. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan program eco-pesantren berbasis kemitraan. Analisis yang dilakukan adalah analisis deskriptif kualitatif dengan menggunakan indikator keberhasilan eco-pesantren dari Mangunjaya, sedangkan untuk metode penelitian menggunakan studi pustaka. Pola kemitraan yang seharusnya diterapkan untuk mendukung program eco-pesantren adalah kemitraan meliputi kemitraan di kebijakan pesantren peduli dan berbudaya lingkungan, kemitraan pada pengembangan kurikulum berbasis lingkungan, kemitraan di pengembangan kegiatan lingkungan berbasis partisipatif, dan kemitraan di pengelolaan sarana pendukung pesantren ramah lingkungan.
ANALISIS KEBIJAKAN PEMERINTAH KABUPATEN SRAGEN DALAM MENEGAKKAN HUKUM TERHADAP KETIDAKPATUHAN PEMBAYARAN PAJAK BUMI DAN BANGUNAN PERDESAAN DAN PERKOTAAN
Authors: Nur Firdaus Hafidz , Rizka Rizka
Published: May 2022

Pada penulisan hukum ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis mengenai kebijakan Pemerintah Kabupaten Sragen dalam menegakkan hukum atas ketidakpatuhan pembayaran pajak bumi dan bangunan perdesaan dan perkotaan serta ingin mengetahui hambatan apa saja yang menjadi faktor ketidakpatuhan masyarakat dalam membayar pajak bumi dan bangunan perdesaan dan perkotaan. Metode penelitian pada penulisan hukum ini adalah metode penelitian hukum empiris yang difokuskan pada analisis mengenai realitas hukum berupa tunggakan pajak terhutang yang disebabkan ketidakpatuhan masyarakat dalam membayar pajak, kemudian dikaitkan dengan sudah efektif tidaknya penegakan hukum berdasarkan peraturan perundang-undangan serta teori faktor penegakan hukum. Dalam penulisan hukum ini menunjukkan hasil bahwa penegakan hukum terhadap ketidakpatuhan masyarakat dalam membayar pajak bumi dan bangunan perdesaan dan perkotaan di Kabupaten Sragen masih kurang optimal, hal ini dibuktikan dengan naiknya angka tunggakan pajak dari tahun 2018 - 2020 serta ditandai dengan dua kali kebijakan pemutihan pajak yang mengakibatkan tidak efektifnya pemberian sanksi administrasi berupa denda pajak sehingga Peraturan Daerah terkait Pajak Bumi dan Bangunan Perdesaan dan Perkotaan perlu adanya perubahan mengenai penegakan hukum berupa penagihan pajak menjadi lebih aktif sebagai bentuk ketegasan Pemerintah Kabupaten Sragen dalam menegakkan hukum terhadap ketidakpatuhan pembayaran PBB-P2.
ANALISIS KINERJA BIAYA PADA PROYEK REHABILITASI DRAINASE DAN TROTOAR JALAN TEUKU UMAR PAKET I DENGAN METODE EARNED VALUE
Authors: Sugiyanto Sugiyanto , Kosbiamtoro Akhmat
Published: May 2022

Penelitian ini diselenggarakan dengan tujuan melakukan analisa kinerja biaya  pada proyek Rehabilitasi Drainase dan Trotoar Jalan Teuku Umar Paket I di Kabupaten Tuban Jawa Timur. Metode earned value digunakan dalam pelaksanaan proyek dengan melibatkan variabel/indikator/indeks terdiri BCWS, BCWP, ACWP, CV, SV, CPI dan SPI. Hasil analisa didapatkan pada periode pelaporan minggu ke-1 hingga ke-13, nilai indikator varian biaya menghasilkan perhitungan nilai positif dalam arti pengelolaan biaya dapat menghasilkan penghematan biaya Rp. 76.988.677 atau setara dengan 5,3% dari total anggaran (cost underrun). Selanjutnya, berdasarkan hasil perhitungan nilai indeks kinerja jadwal dapat diinformasikan pelaksanaan proyek bisa diselesaikan tepat jadwal (on schedule), meskipun pada periode pelaporan minggu ke-4 hingga ke-12 intensitas proyek sempat mengalami tertinggal kemajuannya dari jadwal yang direncanakan.
Radiographic location of the aortic arch and its branches in domestic cats and eurasian lynx
Authors: Zelenevsky N. V. , Shchipakin M. V. , Bylinskaya D. S. , Khvatov V. A. , Vasiliev D. V.
Published: May 2022

Relevance. The domestic cat (Felis catus) and the eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) belong to the same family — feline, predatory order. The cat was domesticated more than 10 thousand years ago. Lynx is the most promising animal for domestication. It is successfully bred in fur farms and, which is no longer uncommon, is kept by private owners as a pet. At the same time, the anatomy of these animals has not been studied to date. This makes it much more difficult to provide medical care and does not allow us to trace changes in organs with intensive anthropogenic impact on the body during domestication. In this regard, the study of the morphology of the eurasian lynx is very relevant and timely. Material for research (11 eurasian lynx corpses) wasobtained in hunting farms of the North-Western region of the Russian Federation. Corpses of a domestic cat (mestizos) were obtained from veterinary clinics of St. Petersburg (15 animals studied).

Methods. A complex of modern and traditional methods was used in the study: fine anatomical dissection, angiorentgenography, computed tomography; production of corrosive and enlightened vascular preparations, morphometry and photographing.

Results. The domestic cat (Felis catus) and the eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) have significant differences in the topography and branching of the aortic arch and thoracic aorta, despite the close relationship in taxonomy. The eurasian lynx is characterized by the presence of a brachiocephalic trunk and a trunk of common carotid arteries. Similar vascular structures are absent in a domestic cat. For them, the presence of the brachiocephalic artery and the independent departure of the right and left common carotid arteries, without the formation of a common trunk, was established. At the same time, we state that some main arterial transport vessels and their branches in these animals have common principles of location. This pattern has been determined for the vertebral, internal and external thoracic arteries, including their branches of the first order.
Сomparative characteristics of the families of Hereford cattle of the Аndrianov type
Authors: Wil L. G. , Nikitina M. M.
Published: May 2022

Relevance. Competent and purposeful work with families and the correct selection of producers for them help to increase the productivity of cows and consolidate the desirable qualities of animals from generation to generation.

Methods. The studies were carried out in the breeding reproducer of Andrianovsky LLC, Bogradsky district of the Republic of Khakassia, where 4 families were formed: Kvitki 9978, Inertia 9516, Zabava 0595 and Silma 0593. We studied the main indicators of the offspring of I, II, III and IV generations: live weight, milk production, conformation, age of the first mating, duration of the service period and intercalving period, reproductive capacity coefficient. Work with families is aimed at increasing and consolidating in the offspring the economically useful qualities inherent in the ancestors by selecting the best line sires for them, their daughters and granddaughters.

Results. Families of cows were formed under the same conditions of feeding and keeping, however, significant differences were noted in the qualitative characteristics of the families. The descendants of Kvitka 9978 are characterized by the highest live weight (average for the family — 575 kg), the descendants of Inertia 9516 have higher milk yield (241 kg), in the same families the offspring have a higher score for conformation (84.0 and 83.6). We recommend using cows of these families to obtain the ancestors of related groups of the Andrianov type of the Hereford breed. The importance of the correct selection of bulls for cows of families is clearly demonstrated by the example of the bull Yasnoy 9069. When selecting this bull for cows of the Inertia 9516 family, the highest indicators of live weight of offspring (645 kg) were obtained, and with the Silma 0593 family — almost the minimum result (560 kg), which indicates the compatibility of individuals, as well as the lines and families as a whole. With the right selection, even in the Silma 0593 family, whose descendants in several generations show almost the lowest rates in live weight and conformation assessment, for example, with the Negus 73 bull, you can get a fairly good result in live weight (590 kg).
The influence of technology elements on the structure of the winter wheat crop in the conditions of the steppe zone of the Republic of Alania
Authors: Tedeeva A. A. , Tedeeva V. V.
Published: May 2022

Relevance. One of the most important elements of modern agricultural technologies in agriculture is the use of growth regulators on crops. The use of growth regulators is considered as an environmentally friendly and cost-effective way to increase crop productivity, contributing to a more complete realization of the potential of winter wheat.

Methods. Experimental studies were conducted in the experimental fields of the North Caucasus Research Institute of Mountain and Foothill Agriculture of the VNC RAS, which are located in the steppe zone of Mozdoksky district, in 2019-2021. The soils are represented by pre-Caucasian powerful and medium-power carbonate chernozem. Records and observations were carried out according to generally accepted methods described in the “Educational and Methodological guide for conducting research in agronomy”.

Results. As a result of the research, the influence of the studied factors (seeding rate, various doses of growth regulator) on the formation of plant standing density was noted. According to the Homer and Bagrat varieties, the best option is the Edagum CM variant (450 ml/ha), and the optimal seeding rate is 5 mln/ha (Homer variety) and 4 mln/ha (Bagrat variety). The greatest difference between the studied variants was noted in the phases: exit into the tube, earing, milk ripeness. At the end of the spring tillering phase, the height of plants depending on the dose of the growth regulator and the seeding rate (Homer variety) it ranged between 23.1-29.1 cm, in the phase of entering the tube — 40.6-54.3 cm, earing — 64.8-76.2 cm, milk ripeness of grain — 68.3-77.1 cm. The advantage was characterized by a variant of Edagum CM (450 ml/ha) with a seeding rate of 5 mln/ha for both varieties. During the spring tillering phase, the total bushiness for the studied variants (Homer varieties) varied between 1.98-2.69, and for the Bagrat variety — 1.91-2.64. In the later phases of vegetation, the number of shoots begins to decrease, and by milk ripeness, productive bushiness according to the studied variants was from 1.13 to 1.24 (Homer variety) and from 1.06 to 1.21 (Bagrat variety). A positive effect on the bushiness of the drug Edagum CM at a dose of 450 ml/ha was noted.
Integrated protection of the Galega orientalis on sod-podzolic soil
Authors: Vasilieva T. V. , Vasilieva A. S.
Published: May 2022

Relevance. The Galega orientalis, growing in one place for many years in a row, accumulates many different diseases and insect pests in its agrobiocenosis and the seed productivity of the crop decreases, so comprehensive protection of crops is relevant.

Methods. The accounting platforms were laid on the experimental field of the Vologda State Agricultural Academy in 2012 on the Gale variety. The soil of the site is sod-slightly podzolic, medium loamy, with a capacity of the arable horizon of 20-22 cm and a humus content of 2.6%. Observations of diseases and pests were carried out during the entire growing season of the Galega orientalis from May to September once a decade. The collection of insect pests was carried out with an entomological net, based on samples in 10 strokes, which corresponded to the density of insects per 1 m2.

Results. Diseases such as peronosporosis, powdery mildew and rust with an average number of 5-9 specimens per 1 m2 were detected on Galega orientalis. The pests were dominated by nodule weevils of the genus Sitona, clover seed eaters of the genus Apion and grass bugs, with a number of more than 10 specimens per 1 m2. The integrated protection of Galega orientalis included weeding of experimental plots from weeds, spraying of crops from diseases in the phase of regrowth of the Galega orientalis with a fungicide — Falcon with a consumption rate of 0.6 l/ha and from pests in the budding phase of the culture — with a microbiological preparation Bitoxibacillin with consumption rates of 2, 3 and 4 kg/ha. A sufficiently high efficiency of the fungicide Falcon, CS (suspension concentrate) with a consumption rate of 0.6 l /ha — 80.9-91.7% — was established. The efficiency of Bitoxibacillin with a consumption rate of 4 kg/ha was 89.5-92.5%.
Influence of the layland development technology on the water-physical and agrochemical properties of the soil of Central Siberia
Authors: Chebochakov E. Ya. , Murtaev V. N.
Published: May 2022

Relevance. The disadvantages of steppe nature management include soil degradation, deficiency of mineral nutrition elements and other adverse phenomena. Similar processes are taking place in Siberia. Currently, the re-development of laylands is beginning and soil degradation is again manifested in the steppe regions of Khakassia. For the effective use of land resources, it is necessary to develop a technology for processing soil deposits in the arid steppe zone of the south of Central Siberia.

Methods. The study of the effectiveness of soil treatment technologies of the erosive agroecological group of laylands was carried out in the arid steppe agrolandscape region of the Republic of Khakassia, located in the south of Central Siberia. The research was carried out for four years in the feed crop rotation link: a long-term (20-25 years) grain-grass layland — oats (corn) for green mass by the method of field experience of B.A. Dospekhov. Methods of water-physical and agrochemical studies were used in the performance of the work.

Results. It is established that on long-term laylands (20-25 years) soil compaction, low moisture content and mineral nutrition elements are noted. The influence of the complex application of continuous herbicides (Tornado 500, Sprut Extra) and processing technology on the water-physical and agrochemical properties of the soil has been revealed. During summer tillage of a long-term layland and introduction of herbicide, there is an accumulation of moisture, nitrate nitrogen. In the arid steppe zone, the technology with tillage of a long-term layland to a depth of 18-20 cm increases the productivity of the feed crop rotation link by an average of 25.5-32.7% compared to technological operations involving small-scale processing (12-14 cm and 14-16 cm).
Evaluation of disinfectant “Enzidez” according to physical and chemical parameters
Authors: Kukhtyn M. , Kozhyn V. , Horiuk V. , Horiuk Y. , Boltyk N.
Published: May 2022

The dependence of the national economy on disinfectants is constantly growing through prevention strategies and the development of resistance in microorganisms. Therefore, new disinfectants with different mechanisms of biocidal activity for a wide range of pathogens are appearing on the market. The aim of work has been to determine the physical and chemical parameters of the created disinfectant “Enzidez” active on biofilm forms of bacteria and the possible organic load. The magnitude of the surface tension of disinfectant “Enzidez” at different concentrations of solutions has been determined using a device with a Traube stalagmometer. The wettability of solutions has been determined by the method of measuring the wetting angle with a catheter. Washing properties and stability of foam by the method of washing animal fats, followed by application of indicator liquid. Proteolytic activity has been determined using milk and the effect of Enzidez solutions of different concentrations on it, followed by measurement of the optical density of the solutions spectrophotometrically at a wavelength of 600 nm. It is established that the disinfectant with enzymes – “Enzidez” for disinfection in veterinary clinics for pre-sterilization disinfection and treatment of products and instruments of surgical purpose (plastic, rubber, glass, stainless steel) and objects of veterinary supervision (tables, utensils, walls, floors, doors, windows, etc.) with organic load is well soluble in water and has a pH of 0.25–1.0 % solutions in the range of 8.2–8.0 units. At a solution temperature of +20 ± 1 °С it has had a surface tension not higher than 37.63 ± 0.50 mN/m and a wetting angle of 69.5 ± 0.7 degree. The disinfectant has provided an excellent detergent effect only at solutions with a concentration of 1.0 % and above. When assessing the corrosive action of Enzidez in the concentration of solutions from 0.25 to 1.0 %, the amount of corrosion on stainless steel has been hundreds of times lower than the allowable regulatory limit. The impact on galvanized steel is slightly higher than that of stainless steel, but also several tens below the norm. A study to determine the proteolytic activity of the disinfectant “Enzidez” on milk proteins has revealed that the disinfectant broke down proteins at a concentration of solutions 0.5–1.0 % at a temperature of + 20 °C at 41.3–43.1 %, respectively, for 15 min of exposure. However, increasing the temperature of solutions to +60 °C and exposure for 30 min has provided an increase in proteolytic activity up to 70 %. Thus, disinfectant “Enzidez” is a highly active disinfectant for disinfecting surfaces even in the case of organic contamination.
The Study of the 17β-estradiol content in raw milk during the lactation period
Authors: Salata V. , Kochetova H.
Published: May 2022

There is a large number of different contaminants that can affect the safety of milk consumption. In particular, the biological nature of pollution is provided by microorganisms, while the chemical pollution is controlled by heavy metal salts, inhibitory substances, hormones, etc. Recent studies report the delivery of milk and other livestock products for processing with a high content of steroidal estrogenic hormones of synthetic and natural origin. The aim of this study was to determine the content of 17β-estradiol in raw milk during lactation and estrous cycle. The amount of 17β-estradiol in raw milk was determined by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay through the RIDASCREEN®17β-őstradiol test system (Art-Biopharm / R-Biopharm, Darmstadt, Germany). During cow gestation observed on two farms, it was found that the 17ß-estradiol concentration in raw milk gradually increased, as indicated by probable changes compared to the first month of pregnancy. In particular, during the first three months of pregnancy, the amount of 17ß-estradiol did not exceed 100 pg/ml of milk with an average ranging between 42.4 ± 7.7 to 68.3 ± 7.8 pg/ml. From the fourth month onwards, the amount of steroid hormone increased on an average of 139.4 ± 11.8 pg/ml, which is 3.2, 2.7 and 2.0 times (P < 0.05) more, compared to the first, second and third months of pregnancy, respectively. The dynamics of growth of 17ß-estradiol in the following months of pregnancy was even more significant. Importantly, on the fifth month the amount of hormones was estimated at 497.3 ± 36.7 pg/ml, which is 3.5 times (P < 0.05) more than in the fourth month and almost 10 times more than in the first month of pregnancy. Before the end of the seventh and eighth month of pregnancy, the maximum concentration of 17ß-estradiol in milk was detected – 1105.3 ± 78.5 and 1209.8 ± 82.4 pg/ml, respectively. The results indicate that the lowest amount of content of 17ß-estradiol hormone in raw milk was during the first seven days of the study with a concentration of 57.1 to 65.6 pg/ml. during the estrous cycle in cows. Starting from the 15th to the 19th day of the estrous cycle, the amount of 17ß-estradiol ranged from 365.5 to 391.3 pg/ml. However, the highest amount of 17ß-estradiol was recorded in milk on the 19th day with a content of 407.3 ± 39.5 pg/ml. Thus, milk obtained at the end of lactation and estrous cycle is significantly enriched with estrogenic hormones that end up in dairy milk products and organisms of final consumers.
The effectiveness of treatment for dirofilariasis in dogs
Authors: Kryvoruchenko D.
Published: May 2022

Livestock industry – dog breeding is of great importance in human activities. Infectious and invasive diseases are a deterrent to the breeding and improvement of dog breeds. Not only do they cause significant economic damage to dog breeding, but they can also be dangerous to humans. Such diseases include dirofilariasis – an invasive disease that is transmitted through intermediate hosts – blood-sucking mosquitoes. The urgency of dirofilariasis is also due to the difficulties of therapy, because effective drugs of imported production are not available due to high cost, and the arsenal of domestic counterparts is small. The aim of the study was to establish the effectiveness of various treatment regimens for dog dirofilariasis. For this purpose, dogs infected with Dirofilaria immitis used specific drugs immiticide (AS – melarsomin), stronghold (AS – selamectin), doxycyl (AS – doxycyclini hydrochloridum), advocate (AS – imidacloprid, moxidectin). The main indicators of the effect of drugs were extensefficiency and intensefficiency. Studies have shown that with the intensity of microdirofilariasic invasion below 20 larvae in 1 cm3 of dog blood and in the absence of clinical manifestations of the disease extensefficiency and intensefficiency of concomitant use of immiticide and stronghold, doxycyl and stronghold, immiticide and advocate, doxycyl and advocate on the 15th day of the experiment was 100.0 %, 100.0 %, 100.0 %, 83.33 and 86.81 % respectively. With the intensity of microdirofilariasic invasion from 20 to 40 larvae in 1 cm3 of dog blood, the extensefficiency and intensefficiency of the proposed treatment regimens were respectively 100.0 %, 83.33 and 88.46 %, 66.66 and 82.54 %, 66.66 and 80.20 %. On the 180th day of treatment and during the year in all experimental groups of dogs, regardless of the intensity of the invasion of microdirofilariae in the blood of animals were not detected. Immunochromatographic rapid test, starting from 30 days of the experiment, was negative for adult females of D. immitis. The results of the research allow us to recommend the proposed treatment regimens in the effective control of dog dirofilariasis caused by D. immitis.
Аgglutination test and passive hemagglutination test as immunological methods of antigenisisty assessment of vaccines against poultry salmonellosis
Authors: Boiko O. P. , Kurtyak B. М. , Sen' O. M. , Romanovych M. S. , Sobko G. V. , Pundyak T. O. , Boiko P. К.
Published: May 2022

Salmonellosis ranks first among acute intestinal infections with an established pathogen in Ukraine. Poultry products are the most frequent source of human salmonellosis is the highest in both the world and Ukraine. Therefore, Salmonella-specific prevention measures in most countries are an issue of great importance. The study's goal was to compare the levels of antibodies against Salmonella to the enteritidis, Typhimurium, and infantis monoantigens in the serum of poultry immunized with the experimental bivalent, the trivalent vaccine against salmonellosis using the Agglutination test (AT) and Passive Hemagglutination test (PHA). The research of two Salmonella inactivated emulsified vaccines – bivalent (S. enteritidis) and trivalent (S. enteritidis, S. typhimurium and S. infantis) was conducted on one of the poultry farms of the Lviv region. The birds were vaccinated two times in the 14th day's interval. The sera samples were taken on the 14, 21, and 28th days after the last shot. The antibody (agglutinin) levels were assessed in the AT and PHA. Both vaccines (bivalent and trivalent) inducted an intense immune response in birds' organisms. The average antibody titers were 1 : 512 –1 : 717 using the AT and 1 : 4096 – 1 : 5734 using the PHA. The highest antibody levels were detected for S. Enteritidis: 1 : 5734 for trivalent vaccine and 1 : 5120 for bivalent one using PHA. AT antibody levels were lower: 1 : 717 for the trivalent vaccine and 1 : 640 for the bivalent. The antibody levels to S. typhimurium were: 1 : 4915 for trivalent vaccine and 1 : 4710 for bivalent (PHA) and 1 : 640 for trivalent vaccine 1 : 589 for bivalent on (AT). The lowest antibody levels were detected in S. Infantis in both tests. An interesting fact of S. infantis agglutinins presence in serum samples from poultry vaccinated with the bivalent vaccine in both tests may be explained by cross-immunity formed by S. enteritidis – S. typhimurium vaccine.