bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EXPANDING VOCABULARY IN FOREIGN LANGUAGE LESSONS
Authors: Melchakova Tamara
Published: December 2024

This article discusses adjectives needed to describe people, objects, and phenomena. The author offers a number of exercises with which you can easily and quickly memorize English words and thereby expand your vocabulary
SELF-MANAGEMENT AS A TOOL FOR INCREASING EMPLOYEE EFFICIENCY
Authors: Panchuk Ekaterina , Marchenko Dmitriy
Published: December 2024

The article provides an analysis of the influence of self-management on employee performance. The theoretical aspects of self-management are considered, methods and tools are analyzed, and recommendations are offered for introducing the most effective selfmanagement practices into corporate culture
THE SYSTEM OF STATIONARY MONITORING OF THE TECHNICAL CONDITION OF DYNAMIC EQUIPMENT
Authors: Dement'ev Anatoliy , Podoplelov Evgeniy , Petrushina Anna
Published: December 2024

The paper considers the issues of monitoring the technical condition of dynamic equipment of industrial enterprises, which provides informed decisions on its current maintenance and commissioning
MODELING OF A HIGH-PRESSURE FLARE SEPARATOR
Authors: Podoplelov Evgeniy , Dement'ev Anatoliy , Kachan Konstantin
Published: December 2024

The paper presents a calculation of the flow capacity of the flare separator, on the basis of which the optimal gas load of the separator is determined, ensuring effective separation of gas from the droplet liquid. A new method for calculating the length of the separation zone is pro-posed, which allows optimizing the calculation and reducing the metal consumption of the separator
MANAGEMENT IN THE SPHERE OF HOUSING AND COMMUNAL SERVICES: MODERN PROBLEMS AND METHODS OF SOLUTION
Authors:   Central Russian Institute of Management – Branch of RANEPA, GALYGINA A.V. ,   Central Russian Institute of Management – Branch of RANEPA
Published: December 2024

The article is devoted to the study of the problems in the field of housing and communal services. Approaches to the definition of housing and communal services as a branch of politics and economics are defined. The analysis of normative legal acts regulating the sphere of housing and communal services and the implemented reforms is carried out. Actual problems connected with legislative and political regulation of housing and communal services are identified.
P.A. STOLYPIN ABOUT THE CONTENT OF AGRARIAN TRANSFORMATIONS (BASED ON SARATOV MATERIALS OF P.A. STOLYPIN)
Authors:   Saint-Petersburg State University, MAZAEV R.S. ,   Saint-Petersburg State University
Published: December 2024

Letters, notes, and reports of P.A. Stolypin, which relate to his Saratov governorship are analysed in the article. On the basis of the analysis, the author shows that ideological foundations of P.A. Stolypin’s agrarian transformations, which the reformer carried out in the highest state positions, were formulated when he was the governor of Saratov province. It was there that P.A. Stolypin was able to see the problems of the peasants’ life in full and suggest the ways to solve them.
FEATURES OF PROPERTY AND LIABILITIES INVENTORY IN COMMERCIAL ORGANIZATIONS
Authors:   Central Russian Institute of Management – Branch of RANEPA, SEMINA N.S. ,   Central Russian Institute of Management – Branch of RANEPA
Published: December 2024

The article presents the goals and main stages of property and liabilities inventory of economic entity. The specifics of its conduct, taking into account the adopted Federal Accounting Standard 28/2023 "Inventory". It should be noted that the application of the new accounting standard is possible even before 2025. The interrelation of internal control and inventory as the main component of control procedures is given. The article separately provides the cases when the inventory commission may not be created during property and liabilities inventory.
FORMATION ANALYSIS OF THE REFLEXIVE COMPONENT OF PROFESSIONAL AND MORAL VIEWPOINT OF FUTURE TEACHERS
Authors:   Voronezh State Pedagogical University, ZHUKOVA A.M.
Published: December 2024

The article deals with an urgent issue affecting qualitative content of future teachers training in higher education system. It is related to the formation of professional and moral viewpoint of the students. The author substantiates the relevance of the study of this issue today. The results of ascertaining experiment, the purpose of which was to identify the current development level of the reflexive component of professional and moral viewpoint of the students at the university, are also presented. Attention is focused on the importance of the reflexive component confirming the close relationship of reflexive abilities with the future teaching profession in future teachers training. The low development level of the reflexive component affects the professional and personal development of students negatively, and reduces their activities effectiveness. Timely diagnostics of this component will contribute to qualitative improvement of educational process at a pedagogical university.
MODERN CONCEPTS OF PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT STRATEGY IN PRESCHOOL EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS
Authors:   Central Russian Institute of Management – Branch of RANEPA, Lytneva N. A. , Kyshtymova E.A. ,   Orel State Agrarian University named after. N.V. Parakhin, DYUZHIKOVA A.YU. ,   Central Russian Institute of Management – Branch of RANEPA
Published: December 2024

The article considers the main directions of modern reforming of education sector, which determine the vector of educational process improvement, and the process of preparation and education of children of school and preschool age. The overview of preschool education strategy is given, based on system approach to educational programs taking into account the interests of children, parents, and preschool educational institutions, as well as the personnel engaged in educational services. The results of the study of personnel management peculiarities in preschool educational institutions are presented. According to its results it is determined that for successful functioning of institutions it is necessary to form personnel policy, which is one of the elements of management system. This is especially important in the context of global changes in education system, implementation of the Concept of Preschool Education Development, adopted for the period up to 2030 and aimed at creating a new level of high-quality preschool education and modern preschool institutions that promote the development of children's individuality and creation of their positive socialization.
FORMATION OF M. M. PRISHVIN'S WORLDVIEW AND HIS CREATIVE CREDO AT DIFFERENT PERIODS OF LIFE
Authors:   Central Russian Institute of Management – Branch of RANEPA, ISHKOV M.A. ,   Central Russian Institute of Management – Branch of RANEPA
Published: December 2024

The article examines the course of life of Mikhail Mikhailovich Prishvin as a writer. On the basis of the selected material, the main moments of life are studied and compiled in order that determined Prishvin's worldview. The analysis is carried out and conclusion is made about the external factors that influenced the writer.
THE CURRENT STATE AND PROSPECTS OF LEGAL PROFESSION DEVELOPMENT
Authors:   Samara State University of Economics, KUDINOVA D.V. ,   Samara State University of Economics
Published: December 2024

In the modern world the legal profession plays a particularly important role. Every day there are various events that, in one way or another, are related to the legal sphere, namely: disputes arising, for example, in the labor sphere, emergence of new viruses and diseases, which also entail the necessity to write new laws or amend the existing legislation, changes in relations between the states or relations within the state, and between its citizens or organizations.
FACTORS OF LEISURE CHOICE BY THE POPULATION OF OREL: SOCIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF LEISURE PREFERENCES AND PRACTICES
Authors:   Central Russian Institute of Management – Branch of RANEPA, SAFRONOVA A.S. ,   Central Russian Institute of Management – Branch of RANEPA
Published: December 2024

The article presents sociological analysis of the factors influencing the choice of leisure practices by the population of Orel. The study is based on the results of an empirical sociological survey conducted among the residents of the city using semi-structured interviews in 2023. In conclusion, the types and kinds of factors of choosing leisure activities among the residents of Orel are presented.
ЭВОЛЮЦИЯ ПОДХОДОВ
К УПРАВЛЕНИЮ РИСКАМИ
В ОРГАНИЗАЦИЯХ
Authors: Шахгираев И.У. , Мамадаева П.С-Х. , Калаев А.С.
Published: December 2024

В статье проведено исследование эво-люции подходов к управлению рисками в организациях. В результате проведённо-го исследования были определены три имеющихся подхода: модель «Три линии защиты», модель «Три линии», динами-ческое управление рисками. Предложено рассматривать модель «Три линии за-щиты» как переход от несистемного управления рисками в организациях к структурированному видению этого процесса с чётким определением обязан-ностей ключевых участников. В статье раскрываются преимущества и недо-статки этого подхода. Было проведено сравнение модели «Три линии защиты» с моделью «Три линии». Установлены ос-новные преимущества нового подхода. Исследовано появление альтернативного видения процесса управления рисками и контроля за ними в организациях на фоне новых вызовов – «динамического управ-ления рисками». Были выяснены различия между традиционными моделями и но-вейшим подходом.
ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ СИСТЕМЫ УПРАВЛЕНЧЕСКОГО УЧЁТА ИНВЕСТИЦИОННОЙ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЯ
Authors: Шахгираев И.У. , Мукаева Ш.С-М. , Диндигова М.А.
Published: December 2024

В статье освещены основополагающие вопросы формирования системы управленческого учёта инвестиционной деятельности предприятия. Уточнены и дополнены признаки информации, предоставляемой для обеспечения системы управленческого учёта. Обосновано содержание системы управленческого учёта инвестиционной деятельности. Определены особенности формирования системы управленческого учёта инвестиционной деятельности с учётом объектов инвестиций. Установлено, что для учёта и контроля объектов реальных инвестиций создаётся центр инвестиций как обособленное подразделение, обеспечивающее эффективность использования капитальных вложений, нормативным показателем которых является их сметная стоимость. Выяснено, что ресурсное обеспечение объектов реальных инвестиций осуществляется в рамках проекта или портфеля проектов. Разработана модель организации системы управленческого учёта инвестиционной деятельности.
ТЕОРЕТИЧЕСКИЕ И ПРАКТИЧЕСКИЕ АСПЕКТЫ ОЦЕНКИ
РЫНОЧНОГО РИСКА В БАНКАХ
Authors: Магомадова М.М.
Published: December 2024

В настоящей статье рассмотрена одна из граней комплаенса – оценка санкционных рисков, возникающих для банков в настоящее время. Проведена оценка влияния изменения процентной ставки на стоимость актива; оценка факторов риска на основе исторических наблюдений. Рассмотрены методы оценки общего риска акций, вытекающего из изменения рыночного индекса, валютного риска методом чувствительности и методом дюрации. Проанализированы виды рисков и их источники; предложена шкала оценки санкционных рисков. Кроме того, в зависимости от зоны, в которую попадает тот или иной оцениваемый риск, предложены соответствующие меры реагирования.
ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ
ЧЕЛОВЕЧЕСКОГО КАПИТАЛА ПРЕДПРИЯТИЯ
В РАМКАХ РЕКРУТИНГА
Authors: Сулумов C.Х.
Published: December 2024

В статье рассмотрен процесс формиро-вания человеческого капитала предприя-тия в рамках рекрутинга. Рекрутинг в общем виде представляет собой набор действий по обеспечению предприятия кадрами с необходимыми компетенция-ми. Приведены преимущества и недо-статки внутренних и внешних источни-ков набора персонала. Независимо от вида используемого рекрутинга приме-няются одни и те же методы: традици-онные, дополнительные и инновационные. Владение методикой применения ин-струментов рекрутинга помогает HR-менеджерам отобрать лучших кандида-тов на работу. Обобщены приоритет-ные направления совершенствования ре-крутинговой деятельности. Проведён анализ квалификационных характери-стик руководителей, специалистов, ра-бочих, что дало возможность опреде-лить основные составляющие востребо-ванного человеческого капитала с пози-ции разделения работников на професси-ональные группы: управленческий персо-нал; персонал в производственной дея-тельности.
STUDY OF THE DISINTEGRATED MEMBRANES PROTEINS OF THE PSEUDOTUBERCULOSIS MICROBE ANTIGENIC PROPERTIES
Authors: Kuznetsova Vera , Ivaschenko Sergey , Kireev Mikhail , Khaptsev Zaur , Spiryahina Tat'yana
Published: December 2024

Disintegrated membranes of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis (DM Y. pseudotuberculosis) are antigenic promising drugs. The purpose of research is to study the protein and antigenic composition of the Y. pseudotuberculosis DM preparation. Using electrophoresis, the predominance of proteins with molecular weights of 23, 38, and 45 kDa was established in Y. pseudotuberculosis DM, among which the 38 kDa protein was present in the greatest amount. In mice immunized with Y. pseudotuberculosis DM, an in-crease in the respiratory activity of peritoneal macrophages and antibody genesis was noted. The rate of increase in the respiratory activity of peritoneal macrophages decreased at immunizing doses above 63 μg/mouse, and antibody formation also slowed down, which determined the value of the immunizing dose of 63 μg/mouse. When converted to a rabbit weighing 2.5 kg, the immunizing dose was 2 mg. We also carried out fivefold immunization of rabbits to obtain highly specific antibodies to Y. pseudotuberculosis DM. The antibody titers of the obtained serum in ELISA with whole Y. pseudotuberculosis cells were 1:25600, with Y. enterocolitica cells – 1:200, with cells of other representatives of the intestinal group of bacteria – 1:100–1:400. This indicates that species-specific proteins have the main antigenic activity in Y. pseudotuberculosis DM. The resulting antibodies interacted in immunoblotting with DM proteins having molecular weights of 38, 45, 58, 66 kDa. However, the most intense interaction was noted with a 45 kDa protein. During the psychrophilic cultivation of Yersinia, the molecular weights of the proteins found by us correspond only to the thermostable toxin and cell wall porins. These antigens are sufficiently resistant to low concentrations of sodium dodecyl sulfate and, together with lipopolysaccharide, can form the main antigenic composition of Y. pseudotuberculosis DM, which has species specificity
COMPARATIVE VETERINARY AND SANITARY ASSESSMENT OF HONEY FROM THE KANSK DISTRICT OF THE KRASNOYARSK REGION APIARIES
Authors: Danilkina Ol'ga , Schislenko Svetlana
Published: December 2024

The purpose of the study is to compare the quality of honey from different apiaries in the Kansk Dis-trict of the Krasnoyarsk Region. Honey is one of the frequently adulterated products. Honey falsification is the addition of various impurities to bee honey or the replacement of natural honey with other products similar to it. As impurities that are added to natural honey to increase its mass, sucrose, starch, chalk, molasses, technical glucose, flour, gelatin, etc. are used. Sometimes falsification can be established im-mediately – by taste and smell, but more often – only by laboratory – chemical analysis of honey, during which the content of water and sugars in the test sample is determined. Honey, like many food products, is subject to veterinary and sanitary examination. The rules for the examination of honey are determined in accordance with the regulations. The qualitative composition of honey and its naturalness are of great importance, since honey has historically been an important component of nutrition and treatment in differ-ent regions of Russia, which increases the responsibility of the veterinary examination of honey. The pa-per presents the results of a veterinary assessment of honey, carried out in the apiaries of the Kansky Dis-trict of the Krasnoyarsk Region. 5 samples of honey samples were taken, pure, not mixed from each api-ary according to the sample. An organoleptic, physicochemical and laboratory analysis of the quality and naturalness of honey was carried out, samples from different apiaries of the Kansk District of the Krasno-yarsk Region were compared: the village of Lyubava (sample № 1), the village of Mokrusha (sample № 2), the village of Nikolaevka (sample № 3), the village of Ivantai (sample № 4), Zalesny village (sample № 5). As a result, it was found that honey in all 5 samples was of good quality, because all research data do not deviate from the standards. In samples № 1 and № 2, an admixture of beet molasses was found, which indicates the possibility of falsification. Samples № 3, 4 and 5 meet all the regulatory indicators of the current GOST 19792-2017 Natural honey. Specifications. It is recommended to timely conduct a vet-erinary and sanitary assessment of the quality of honey and strengthen control over the naturalness of honey.
TECHNOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF A NEW STRAIN OF BACTERIA LACTOBACILLUS DELBRUECKII SUBSP. BULGARICUS K 1903, ISOLATED FROM YAKUT KUMISS
Authors: Tarabukina N. , Neustroev Mihail , Zhilenkova Ol'ga , Oboeva Natal'ya , Parnikova Svetlana
Published: December 2024

The aim of research is to study the technological properties of the isolated strain of lactic acid microorganisms Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus K 1903 and its practical application. Objectives: to study the technological properties of L. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus K 1903; to conduct an experimental production of a fermented milk product using L. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus K 1903. The object of research was the strain L. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus K 1903, isolated from Yakut kumiss. The study of the technological properties of the strain was carried out at a maximum temperature of 50 °C. The optimum development temperature for the strain was 37–40 °C, the minimum temperature was 25 °C, and the maximum temperature was 45–50 °C. By 16 hours, the strain ferments milk with the formation of a creamy clot that has a pleasant taste without. The fermentation activity of the new strain was compared with the prototype strain L. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus VKPM V 3141. According to the research results, it was noted that the lag-phase period of the new strain was shorter (2.5 hours) than that of the test culture (4.5–5 hours), this property is an important condition for the industrial production of fermented milk products. The rate of biomass accumulation in the new strain was twice as high as in the test culture, i.e., the optical growth density of the culture of the new strain after 12 hours of incubation in a nutrient medium based on skimmed milk hydrolyzate (SOM) reached 18 OD, while in the test culture, it was 9 OD. Thus, the properties of the new L. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus K 1903 prove the expediency of its use in the composition of direct ferments.
WHEAT BRAN INFLUENCE ON BAKERY PRODUCTS QUALITY AND NUTRITIONAL VALUE
Authors: Tipsina Nellya , Demidenko Galina
Published: December 2024

The purpose of the study is the influence of wheat bran on the quality and nutritional value of bakery products for positioning them as a healthy product (for example, the bun Sdobnaya uluchshennaya). Follow-up tasks: to make control samples of the Sdobnaya uluchshennaya bun with different percentages of replacement of wheat flour for wheat bran and evaluate the quality of the products; to carry out a tasting evaluation of the samples of the Sdobnaya uluchshennaya bun with different percentages of replacement of wheat flour for wheat bran and establish its best dosage in the product; perform a tasting evaluation of samples with different percentages of replacement of wheat flour for wheat bran; perform a comparative assessment of the nutritional value of products to position them as a useful product. Four variants were investigated: control (no replacement of flour with wheat bran); option number 1 – replacement of 5 %; option number 2 – 10 %; option number 3 – 15 %. Physical and chemical indicators (humidity, quantity and quality of gluten, falling number) and organoleptic indicators (taste, color, smell, etc.) comply with the requirements of GOST R 52189-2003. The quality indicators of wheat bran correspond to their requirements as an object of study. A comprehensive assessment (organoleptic, physico-chemical and tasting) of the samples of the Sdobnaya uluchshennaya bun with different percentages of replacing wheat flour with wheat bran showed that sample № 2 (in which 10 % replacement of flour with wheat bran) has the best performance and is in the category useful bakery products for a healthy diet.
STUDYING THE TECHNOLOGY OF REINDEER BONE RAW MATERIALS LOW-TEMPERATURE PRESERVATION
Authors: Eliseeva Lyudmila , Losorova Yuriza , Nadirov Shohruh
Published: December 2024

The purpose of research is to study the technology of low-temperature preservation of reindeer bones in order to organize a waste-free technology for their slaughter. Tasks: preparation of raw materials, determination of the optimal modes of preservation of bone raw materials of reindeer, grinding in a mill to a powder and studying the quality of the powder. Objects of study: tubular bones of the limbs, flat bones of the skull of reindeer aged 3 to 6 years. Reindeer bones were preserved by infrared drying at 45 °C for 6–8 hours. The study of the technology of preservation of bone raw materials of reindeer was carried out in the laboratory of biochemistry and mass analysis of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Arctic Agrotechnological University" during 2017–2021, currently, research is ongoing. The work uses computational, physical and chemical research methods that allow characterizing the properties, chemical composition and biological value of objects. The duration of conservation of reindeer bones in infrared drying is 6–8 hours, the resulting bone powder has a light brown color, has the smell of meat. The results of the analysis of reindeer bone powder show that 100 g of the product contains 11.5–12 % fat, 26.8–28.4 % protein, 56.0–56.1 % ash, 17.2–17.4 g/kg calcium, 8.4–8.5 g/kg phosphorus, zinc 10–10.4 mg/kg, iron 6.6–6.8 mg/kg, sulfur 1.6–1.8 mg/kg.
EFFECT OF INORGANIC AND CHELATE FORMS OF ZINC- AND COPPER-CONTAINING FERTILIZERS ON WHEAT GRAIN PRODUCTIVITY AND QUALITY CHARACTERISTICS
Authors: Kodochilova Natalya , Buzynina Tat'yana , Semenov Vladimir , Petrov Boris
Published: December 2024

The paper presents the results of experiments on evaluating the effectiveness of the use of zinc and copper chelates with oxyethylenediphosphonic acid against the background of their comparison with tradi-tional (sulfate) forms of microelements in the cultivation of soft winter (Moskovskaya 56 variety) and spring wheat (Zlata variety). In field experiments conducted in 2018–2020 on the territory of the Nizhny Novgorod Region, zinc and copper chelates were used at an active ingredient dose of 100 g/ha. It was found that the chelate form of zinc contributed to an increase in the yield of winter wheat grain by 0.37 t/ha (3.13 t/ha in the control variant). On spring wheat, the highest grain yield was noted when using the sulfate form of zinc (2.13 t/ha of grain), which exceeded the control value by 1.01 t/ha. The best in terms of weight of 1000 grains (58.65 g) on winter wheat was the variant with zinc sulfate, where the maximum value of this indicator (54.56 g) was recorded. Both trace elements had a positive effect on the mass of 1000 seeds of spring wheat: the variation ranged from 41.80–42.70 g against the background of copper-containing fertilizers to 42.40–44.97 g against the background of zinc forms of fertilizers, while it was proved that chelates showed themselves in the best way compared to the control (39.13 g). The maxi-mum content of crude gluten was characterized by the grain of winter (21.0 %) and spring (24.7 %) wheat on the variant with foliar feeding with zinc sulfate, where the increase to the control was 3.2 and 3.5 %, respectively. The gluten deformation index ranged from 52 units on spring wheat up to 80 units on winter wheat, which characterrized it as good and satisfactorily weak, respectively. When using the sulfate form of zinc, there was a tendency to increase the concentration of crude (11.87 %) and digestible (9.50 %) protein in winter wheat grain. The chelate form of zinc showed close values, but still yielded to the variant with metal sulfate. On spring wheat, the best in terms of the content of crude (10.61 %) and digestible (8.49 %) protein was the variant with the use of zinc sulfate, which provided an increase to the control of 0.23 and 0.18 %, respectively.
DEEP LOOSENERS TREATMENT INFLUENCE ON SOIL HUMIDITY UNDER THE OPEN PART OF THE KRASNOYARSK FOREST-STEPPE CONDITIONS
Authors: Romanov Vasiliy , Efimov Aleksandr , Cuglenok Nikolay , Ivchenko Vladimir
Published: December 2024

The purpose of the study is to evaluate the developed and manufactured LLC NPO “Technoros” rotary deep loosener of the soil during autumn stubble slotting to a depth of 15.0 cm and to study its effect on soil moisture. An effective method of growing crops is proposed in order to increase productivity through the intensification of agricultural technology of cultivation. Long-term field experiments of the Krasnoyarsk Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture, a separate subdivision of the Federal Research Center of the KSC SB RAS, Krasnogorsk State Agrarian University, and others have shown that tillage along the path of minimization contributes to the conservation of moisture in the arable horizon by reducing surface run-off when a large amount of snow melts. The proposed technology of autumn loosening of the soil will al-low direct sowing of agricultural crops in the spring by any sowing complex that combines cultivation with simultaneous sowing. The new agricultural machine does not require special technical support conditions, and the proposed variant of tillage in autumn with a pin cultivator will allow maintaining the loose state of the surface, with the presence of furrows and cracks of different depths on it. Due to this, moisture will be better absorbed and retained by the soil, providing a more uniform supply of plants during the growing season. The new technology makes it possible to reduce the cost of production in comparison with the technology of plow processing by 1.5 times, in comparison with the minimum by 1.4 times, from zero – by 1.3 times, allows significant reducing cash and energy costs in the production of grain crops.
SEEDING RATES AND MINERAL FERTILIZERS INFLUENCE ON RICE VARIETIES YIELD AND PRODUCTIVITY ELEMENTS
Authors: Guchenko Svetlana , Potenko Tatyana , Anischenko Maksim
Published: December 2024

The purpose of research is to study the elements of the crop structure and productivity of rice at differ-ent seeding rates and doses of mineral fertilizers in the conditions of the Primorsky Region. The pro-nounced fluctuations in the weather conditions of the Primorsky Region impose special requirements on rice varieties, such as early maturity, resistance to low temperatures, diseases and pests, and suitability for mechanized cultivation. At soil temperatures of 12–13 °C, rice develops rapidly, intensively forms the root system and builds up a significant leaf surface. The study was conducted in 2018–2020 on the rice irrigation system. The effect of the main fertilizer N30P70K70 was studied with the addition of nitrogen ferti-lizers and the sowing rate on two varieties of rice that had a number of distinctive characteristics. The re-sults showed that each variety responded differently to yield depending on seeding rate and fertilizer ap-plication rate. For example, the Karmelit variety showed higher yields at a seeding rate of 9 million germi-nating grains per 1 ha and a top-dressing dose of 60 kg of a.i. per 1 ha. For the Almaz variety, the optimal seeding rate was 7 million germinating grains per 1 ha, which were fertilized with urea at a dose of 90 kg of a.i. per 1 ha. The increase in grain yield was associated with the yield components and growth charac-teristics of the studied varieties.
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE PATHOGENIC POTENTIAL OF E. COLI ISOLATED FROM CATS WITH URINARY SYSTEM DISEASES
Authors: Kartashova Ol'ga , Pashinina Ol'ga , Sycheva Mariya , Kochkina Elena , Pashkova Tat'yana , Dymova Veronika
Published: December 2024

The purpose of the study is to evaluate the phenotypic and genetic potential of E. coli strains isolated from cats with diseases of the urinary system. The test material was 12 strains of E. coli isolated from the urine of cats with diseases of the urinary system by conventional methods and identified by mass spectrometry. The pathogenic and persistent properties of bacteria were determined by the photometric method. Resistance to fluoroquinolones was determined by the disk diffusion method. Genes that determine the synthesis of adhesins, colonization and persistence factors, and antibiotic resistance were detected using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using selected primers. E. coli were characterized by a pronounced pathogenic potential. The features of culture bioprofiles were determined by the expression of the studied biological properties: the hemolytic activity in bacteria isolated in associations was significantly higher than in strains isolated in a monoculture and, on the contrary, in monocultures, the values of the ability of E. coli to biofilm formation and adhesion were significantly higher. E. coli showed sensitivity, moderate resistance and resistance to drugs from the group of fluoroquinolones. PCR revealed the presence of genetic determinants of virulence (papA, fimH, fyuA, kspMTII, hlyA) and resistance (gyrA, parC, gnrB, gnrS) in all isolates, as well as the usp and grnA genes in the vast majority. The obtained data on the pathogenic bioprofile of E. coli isolated in the pathology of the urinary system in cats can be used as a criterion for the search and identification of the pathogen. The established resistance to fluoroquinolones in E. coli isolates indicates the need to control their use. Regional monitoring of bacterial resistance to antibacterial drugs is essential for successful therapy.
INFLUENCE OF THE PRECURSOR INTENSIFICATION MEANS ON THE SPRING WHEAT PESTS POPULATION AND TAXONOMIC COMPOSITION
Authors: Keler Victoria , Khizhnyak Sergey , Ovsyankina Sofya , Demeneva Alena , Ovchinnikova Tatyana , Shram Nadezhda , Belyakova Elizaveta , Scheklein Denis
Published: December 2024

The purpose of the study is to analyze the response of the modern spring wheat assortment to intensification means in terms of the prevalence and taxonomic composition of pests. Objectives: to study the effect of the use of nitrogen fertilizer, the predecessor and modern means of protection, both separately for backgrounds and in a complex way. The experimental part of the work was carried out in 2021–2022 on the basis of the UNPK Borsky of the Sukhobuzimo District of the Krasnoyarsk Region. The objects of study are 13 varieties of soft spring wheat included in the State Register of Breeding Achievements of the Russian Federation and approved for cultivation in the Krasnoyarsk Region. The station is located in the forest-steppe zone of the Krasnoyarsk Region. The experiment was laid according to the method of competitive variety testing. Steam and grain were chosen as predecessors. The results of the agrochemical analysis of the soils of the station revealed a high K2O, an increased P2O5 and a low N-NO3. In this regard, ammonium nitrate (34.4 %) at a dose of 70 kg a.i. was introduced for presowing cultivation per 1 ha. Before sowing, the seeds were treated with “Lamador” and “Gaucho Evo”. In the tillering phase of the culture, the herbicides “Velocity Power” and “Bio Power”, the insecticide “Decis Expert” were used, in the phase of the appearance of the first leaf, the fungicide “Soligor” was used. The research backgrounds selected are as follows: steam and cereals; steam and grain fertilized; steam and cereals with a complex of pesticides and steam and cereals with all elements of intensification. Plant protection products had the maximum impact on the taxonomic composition of pests in the Sukhobuzimo District. In the variants with means of protection in the composition of pests, there was an increase in the proportion of the Swedish fly by almost 1.5 times (from 41 to 60 %), while a decrease in the proportion of wheat thrips by 1.4 times (from 51 to 36 %) and the proportion of stem flea in 2.1 times (from 8 to 4 %).
STUDYING THE ADAPTIVE ABILITY OF SOYBEAN COLLECTION SAMPLES OF THE MID-SEASON GROUP IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE AMUR REGION
Authors: Galichenko Anna , Fokina Evgeniya
Published: December 2024

The purpose of the study is to conduct a comprehensive agro-ecological assessment of collection samples of soybeans of the mid-ripening group in the soil and climatic conditions of the south of the Amur Region in order to select parental forms when creating a new source material. The study was carried out in the field crop rotation of the laboratory of selection and primary seed production of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution Federal Research Center of the All-Russian Research Institute of Soybeans, p. Sadovoye, the Tambov District, the AmurRregion. The study presnts the results of 47 soybean samples of the mid-season group of the collection nursery in terms of adaptability, plasticity and stability in the conditions of the southern agricultural zone of the Amur Region in 2018–2022 an analysis of yield variability was carried out. The average yield of soybean seeds in the years of the study was 3.14 t/ha 37 samples were noted, exceeding the standard variety Dauria (2.90 t/ha) by 0.04–0.93 t/ha according to yield data; 28 – with a high coefficient of adaptability (1.00–1.22); 4 samples with a high level of ecological plasticity and 23 numbers with a high stability of response to changing environmental conditions were identified. The analysis of the study made it possible to identify 11 most productive samples of soybeans – Heihe 12, Heihe 19, Heihe 43, Hei 3308, Hei 11-475, Hei 11-1161, Hei 13-3387-4, Hei 13-3553-2, Hei 13-3619-1, №. 5 – 2014 J 45, and № 9 – hh 1692, reliably and consistently exceeding the standard in terms of productivity by 0.33–0.93, with a high level of adaptability under conditions of the Amur region (Ca = 1.03–1.22), with a slight variability in yield over the years (V = 1.81–6.87), of which high-intensity type samples responsive to improved cultivation conditions include: Heihe 43 (V = 6.23 %; Ca = 1.22; bi = 1.25; Si2=0.09) and № 5 – 2014 J 45 (V=4.37 %; Ca =1.16; bi = 1.01; Si2 = 0.05). These genotypes are of practical interest as initial parental forms in breeding for productivity and adaptability in the conditions of the Amur Region.
DISTURBED LANDS RECULTIVATION DIRECTIONS AT MINING OPERATIONS
Authors: Badmaeva Yu
Published: December 2024

The purpose of research is to choose the direction of recultivation of lands disturbed as a result of alluvial gold mining in the Severo-Yenisei region. The object of research is disturbed lands during the extraction of a placer gold deposit by an open method in the riverbed Coloramo. The choice of the direction of recultivation was carefully developed on the basis of the analysis of materials from soil-reclamation, hydrogeological, geomorphological and other types of surveys, as well as environmental and economic feasibility. The natural and climatic, social, actual and predicted state, the current and future use of disturbed lands for their intended purpose in accordance with the territorial planning documents were taken into account. In accordance with the above criteria, two areas of reclamation were chosen – forestry and water management. In the forestry direction recultivation, plantings for operational purposes are mainly created, as well as forests for protective, water-regulating and recreational purposes. At the same time, a capital planning of the surface is provided in order to avoid negative erosion processes and for the unimpeded operation of tillage and forest planting machines and machines for caring for crops. This area of reclamation is carried out in two stages. The water management direction of reclamation is “designed” to create reservoirs of various economic purposes in the lowered elements of the technogenic relief. Reservoirs are created in quarry excavations, trenches, deformed sections of mine fields and can later be used for water supply, fish breeding and recreational purposes, and irrigation. Hydraulic structures must be built, necessary for flooding open pit excavations and maintaining the calculated water levels in them: “dead” volume, normal retaining and full volume. Measures are being taken to prevent acidic or alkaline groundwater from entering water bodies and to maintain a favorable regime and composition of water in accordance with sanitary and hygienic standards, as well as to improve the territory and plant greenery on slopes. At the final stage of the water management direction, the bed of the reservoir is covered with anti-filtration clothing to prevent water leakage. The water management direction is carried out in one stage.
MAKING GINGERBREAD PRODUCTS USING WHEAT BRAN
Authors: Tipsina Nellya , Demidenko Galina
Published: December 2024

The paper presents the results of the production of gingerbread “Medovyj with bran” using wheat bran and quality indicators with the optimal partial replacement of wheat baking flour of the first grade with wheat bran. Variants of the experiment: № 1 – samples of gingerbread “Medovyj” – control; № 2 – samples of gingerbread “Medovyj with bran” with a 5 % replacement of baking wheat flour of the first grade with wheat bran; № 3 – samples of gingerbread “Medovyj with bran” at 10 % replacement; № 4 – samples of gingerbread “Medovyj with bran” at 20 % replacement. The results of the experiment showed that the optimal values of partial replacement of wheat baking flour of the first grade with wheat bran were obtained in the variants of experiment № 2 (with 5 % replacement of baking wheat flour of the first grade with wheat bran) and № 3 (with 10 % replacement of baking wheat flour of the first grade for wheat bran). The consumption of raw materials has the lowest values in the variant of experiment № 2 when using wheat bran in comparison with other variants of the experiment. The organoleptic indicators of finished products of gingerbread samples in the variant of experiment № 2 are closest to those of the control variant. The tasting score is the highest in the variants of experiment № 2 (25 points) and № 3 (30 points) and exceeds the control by 5 and 10 points, respectively. The technological process in the production of gingerbread “Medovyj with bran” is simple, but allows adding dietary fiber, minerals, vitamins to the product, improving the quality of the finished product.
ANALYTICAL MODEL OF MIXING LOOSE VEGETABLE COMPONENTS
Authors: Matyushev Vasily , Avetisyan Artur , Chapligina Irina , Belyakov Aleksey
Published: December 2024

The purpose of the study is the analytical modeling of the functioning of the patented mixer of loose vegetable components and the optimization of its parameters. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to analytically substantiate the variability and energy intensity of the process of mixing bulk plant components depending on factor indicators. An analytical model for mixing loose herbal ingredients has been developed for the patented paddle mixer design. The factors chosen were: the angular velocity of the mixer shaft; blade angle; millet content in the mixture. The optimization criteria were: the variability of the mixture and the energy intensity of the process of mixing loose components. For analytical modeling, the Maple computer package was used. Analytical modeling of the regularities of functioning of the modified mixer of loose plant components and optimization of its parameters were implemented in several steps: analytical monitoring of a group of indicators of the mixing process was performed, including systematization and statistical processing of experimental data; analytical representation of the variability and energy intensity of the process of mixing loose plant components; optimization of the process of mixing loose plant components according to the values of the result indicators of variability and energy intensity. Regression equations for the variability and energy intensity of the process of mixing loose plant components are obtained. Thus, among the factorial indicators, the greatest influence on the variability is exerted by the angle of inclination of the blades, which has the greatest value in absolute value, then the content of millet in the mixture, and then the angular velocity of rotation of the mixer shaft. However, in terms of the effect on energy intensity, the greatest impact was noted for the angular velocity of rotation of the shaft, assessed by the absolute value of the correlation coefficient. The second place in terms of influence is occupied by the angle of inclination of the blades, the third place refers to the content of millet in the mixture.
EFFECTIVENESS OF DIFFERENT FERTILIZER SYSTEMS’ LONG-TERM APPLICATION IN THE CROP ROTATION
Authors: Timoshinov Roman , Kushaeva Elena , Marchuk Lyudmila , Dubkov Alexander , Klykov Alexey
Published: December 2024

The purpose of the work is to study the effect of various fertilizer systems in the crop rotation of a long-term agrochemical station on the yield of cultivated crops in the conditions of the Primorsky Region. This paper summarizes the results of nine rotations of a long-term stationary field experiment established in 1941 on bleached meadow-brown heavy loamy soil based on a nine-field crop rotation. The use of different fertilizer systems during nine rotations of crop rotation increased the yield of agricultural crops, in comparison with the control variant without fertilizers, on average for the experimental variants, by 23.1–25.8 %. At the same time, soybean and spring wheat react differently to long-term fertilization. It was established that spring wheat, on average for nine rotations, formed the highest yield of 23.6 c/ha on the mineral system with a double dose of NPK, the increase to the control was 38.0 %. The highest soybean yield (of 18.2 q/ha) on average over the period of research, was obtained on a complex fertilizer system with a double dose of NPK, an increase to the control was 15.9 %. As a result of many years of research, it was found that in the variant without fertilizers, the crop rotation productivity was in the range of 10.9–31.9 c/ha of grains units. Studies have shown that productivity increased with each successive rotation. This became possible due to the observance of crop rotation, the supply of organic matter with root and crop residues of cultivated crops, the presence in the crop rotation of perennial grasses used as green manure fertilizer and the use of new more productive varieties.
INFLUENCE OF NUTRIENT MEDIUM COMPOSITION ON REGENERATION OF SOME CLEMATIS L. CULTIVARS IN VITRO
Authors: Semenova Dar'ya , Molkanova Ol'ga , Ahmetova Liliya , Mitrofanova Irina
Published: December 2024

The aim of the work was to optimize cultivation techniques at the stage of actual micropropagation of Clematis L varieties. N.V. The studies were carried out in 2021–2022 in the laboratory of plant biotechnology of N.V. Tsitsin Main Botanical Garden of the Russian Academy of Sciences (GBS RAS). Varieties of various garden groups of clematis were chosen as objects: Princess Diana, Madame Julia Correvon, Yubilejnyj 70, Multi Blue. In the course of the study, the influence of genetic characteristics and the composition of the nutrient medium on the regeneration potential of Clematis L. was shown. It was established that on the nutrient medium DKW (Driver and Kuniyuki, 1984) with the addition of 0.1 mg/l BA (6-benzylaminopurine), Clematis L. regenerants were characterized by active growth of microshoots and the highest height. It was 5.0 ± 0.2 cm for Princess Diana, 6.3 ± 0.1 cm for Madame Julia Correvon, 2.1 ± 0.1 cm for Yubilejnyj 70, and 2.8 ± 0.1 cm for Multi Blue. The maximum multiplication factor was noted for the Princess Diana variety (3.7 ± 0.1), the minimum for the Multi Blue variety (2.4 ± 0.1). When studying the effect of growth regulators and their concentrations during cultivation on DKW medium, it was shown that 2-iP (2-isopentyladenine) at a concentration of 1.5 and 2.0 mg/l was more effective than BA at the same concentrations. At the same time, the highest height (8.6 ± 0.2 cm) and multiplication factor (6.7 ± 0.2) were observed in the Madame Julia Correvon variety on a nutrient medium with the addition of 1.5 mg/l BA. The multiplication factor of variety Yubilejnyj 70 reached its maximum at 2.0 mg/l BA (4.2 ± 0.1), variety Multi Blue – at 1.5 and 2.0 mg/l 2-iP (4.0 ± 0 .1 and 4.3 ± 0.1, respectively).
PHENOTYPIC CHARACTERISTICS OF DOMESTIC REINDEER OF TRANSBAIKALIA
Authors: Zuev Sergey , Yuzhakov Aleksandr , Musidray Artem , Layshev Kasim
Published: December 2024

The aim of the study is to analyze the phenotypic parameters of the Evenk reindeer of the Transbaikal population in a comparative time aspect and to establish correlations that should be taken into account when selecting this group of reindeer. The phenotype of 50 domestic reindeer of the Transbaikal Region belonging to the Evenk breed was studied. The material was collected in the Kalarsky District of the Transbaikal Region. The age and sex of the reindeer were determined by their appearance and by interviewing the animal owners. Measurements were taken in three age and sex groups of reindeer: adult males (n = 15) and females (n = 25) and 10-month-old calves (n = 10) using generally accepted zootechnical methods modified by the Far North Research Institute of Agriculture. A total of 8 measurements were taken (the elbow height measurement was obtained by subtracting the chest depth from the withers height). The total number of animals examined was 50 heads, including 15 bulls, 25 females and 10 heads of 10-month-old young animals. Comparative zootechnical analysis of changes in live weight, linear dimensions and body indices of animals over the previous 50 years showed that the Transbaikal reindeer did not undergo significant phenotype transformation during the specified period. The identified differences should be considered modification-related and have no hereditary basis. Live weight of reindeer of the main age and sex groups (bulls, females and young animals) meets the requirements of the breed standard for the Evenk breed. Correlation phenotypic analysis showed that the number of significant correlations between measurements and live weight of high and medium size in the bull group is 30 out of 35 pairs of features. In the female group, there are 14 such correlations, in the young animals – 5 out of 35 pairs of features. The analysis of body type indices and pair correlations gives grounds to recommend that bulls and females of Transbaikalia should be selected primarily for live weight and eirisomic body type. In further selection of Transbaikal reindeer, it is necessary to take into account the data we have obtained on the phenotype and correlation dependence of the features.