bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Adhesive properties of bio-based epoxy resin reinforced by cellulose nanocrystal additives
Authors: Aziz Tariq , Fan Hong , Zhang Xiangwei , Khan Farman Ullah , Fahad Shah , Ullah Asmat
Published: April 2020

The adhesive properties of a self-prepared bio-based epoxy resin with native cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) are evaluated in this article. The porosity of actual CNCs is high. The most promising finding is the acquisition of high tensile modulus. The addition of CNC composites significantly increased the tensile modulus at lower wt.%, and the maximum crystallinity of CNCs was obtained. Bearing in mind the advantages of CNCs, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed a uniform distribution of concentrated CNCs. Clusters were formed at higher CNCs ratios, and the composite matrix content with high CNCs produced good expansion, low crystallinity, and increased elongation. Our analysis showed that the original CNCs were more evenly distributed in the self-prepared bio-based epoxy resin, which enhanced transformation, supported by improved dispersion of native CNCs. The presence of native CNCs greatly improved and enhanced the bonding performance of the bio-based epoxy resin in the interface area. Enhancing the mechanical properties of native CNCs has broad application prospects in environmental areas. This suggests that the widespread use of native CNCs in environmental engineering applications is feasible, especially in terms of adhesives properties.
Progress in perovskite based solar cells: scientific and engineering state of the art
Authors: Laalioui Saida , Alaoui Kawtar Belrhiti , Dads Houda Ait , Assali Kassem El , Ikken Badr , Outzourhit Abdelkader
Published: April 2020

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are one of the most promising photovoltaic technologies undergoing rapid developments. PSC efficiency has reached 25.2% in only seven years, which is close to the record efficiency of silicon solar cells. In addition, the use of PSCs in tandem solar cells either in the 4-terminal or monolithic configuration, can lead to a significant increase conversion efficiency. However, the stability and the scalability are the main issues that still hinder the commercialization of the perovskite technology.

The present review focusses on the recent development in perovskite solar cells materials, cell architectures and fabrication methods and their effect on the conversion efficiency and stability of the devices. In addition, solutions proposed to overcome the main challenges and to make tandem solar cells are discussed.
Uncertain Wests: Kelly Reichardt, Settler Sensibilities, and the Challenges of Feminist Filmmaking
Authors: Kollin Susan
Published: April 2020

Director Kelly Reichardt has been celebrated as an independent filmmaker who takes risks in developing complicated and often fraught storylines, especially for her female characters. InMeek’s Cutoff(2010), she uses the aesthetics of slow cinema to show details frequently overlooked in the Western. In doing so, the film lays bare the violence of the settler-colonial West, highlighting the underside of European-American dreams of progress and prosperity. Addressing settler women’s investments in nation-building projects, the film traces how their commitments to Whiteness helped underwrite expansionist history. Noting the limits as well as the forms of agency White women claimed in the West, Reichardt pushes the boundaries of the women’s Western in ways that foreground Indigenous lives and the possibilities of decolonization.
Effects of Confining Pressure on Mechanical Properties and Damage Evolution of Granite under Cyclic Impact Loading
Authors: Tian N. C. , Wang Z. L. , Xiong F.
Published: April 2020

To study the effects of the confining pressure (Cp) on the mechanical properties and damage evolution of deep rock masses under multiple impact loading, the improved split-Hopkinson pressure bar was used to perform cyclic impact on granite samples with Cp = 0, 4, 8, 12, and 16 MPa. The experimental results indicated that the total number of impacts increased with the increase in Cp. The sample with Cp = 0 MPa was destroyed with only one impact and exhibited a typical type-I stress–strain curve. The samples with Cp = 4, 8, 12, and 16 MPa exhibited typical type-II stress–strain curves. Under the same cyclic impact loading, a higher Cp yielded a lower rate of increase of the average strain rate and maximum strain, as well as a lower rate of decrease of the peak stress and elastic modulus. The peak stress and maximum strain exhibited a good negative linear correlation and positive linear correlation with the average strain rate, respectively. At Cp = 4 and 8 MPa, the cumulative damage of the sample gradually increased with the increase in the number of impacts. At Cp = 12 and 16 MPa, the compaction effect caused the cumulative damage to be negative in the first few impacts. Subsequently, the cumulative damage gradually increased owing to the impact damage-softening effect. Additionally, the sample with Cp = 0 MPa was pulverized, and the fragmentation was severe. At Cp = 4, 8, 12, and 16 MPa, the Cps inhibited the free expansion of internal cracks in the sample, and the sample exhibited a significant shear failure mode with less fragmentation.
Investigation of spectral properties of different Quaternary paleosols and parent materials
Authors: Szeberényi József , Medved’ová Alzbeta , Rostinsky Pavel , Barta Gabriella , Novothny Ágnes , Csonka Diána , Viczián István , Horváth Erzsébet , Végh Tamás
Published: April 2020

Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy (DRS) is a rapid, relatively new method in Quaternary research to analyse sediments and paleosols. This method takes into account clay mineral content, amount of Fe-bearing minerals and grain size composition of samples, simultaneously. Different Quaternary sediment samples were chosen forcharacterization and comparison their reflectance curves to detect the essential spectral properties of differentpaleosols and parent materials. Samples of different sediment types and paleosol variants were investigatedfrom a loess-paleosol sequence from Malá nad Hronom (Slovakia) and from a fluvial-aeolian sediment complex from Pilismarót (Hungary). Five investigated curve sections were separated as the best indicators of reflectance properties of DRS curves. Spectral properties of samples were compared by using the length of investigated curve sections. This investigation showed quantifiable differences between the units of Pleistocene sediment successions, based on the reflectance properties. The influence of pedogenic processes was properly detectable. Significant discrepancies were observed between reflectance curves of well-developed paleosols and parent material samples in the visible and near-infrared range. Differences between the weak developed paleosol layers and their parent materials were only observed in the visible range. Fine sand, sandy silt and loess materials could be separated from each other based on the intensity of entire reflectance curves.
Parameterizing the modified water cloud model to improve soil moisture data retrieval using vegetation models
Authors: Rawat Kishan Singh , Singh Sudhir Kumar , Ray Ram L. , Szabó Szilárd , Kumar Sanjeev
Published: April 2020

The objective was to parameterize a modified water cloud model using crop coefficients (A and B). These crop coefficients were derived from Landsat-8 and Sentinel-2 data. Whereas the coefficients C and D are of soil parameters. The water cloud model was modified using crop coefficients by minimizing the RMSE between observed VVσ0 and Sentinel-1 based simulated VVσ0. The comparison with observed and simulated VV polarized σ0 showed low RMSE (0.81 dB) and strong R2 of 0.98 for NDVI-EVI combination. However, based on other possible combinations of vegetation indices VVσ0 and simulated VVσ0 do not show a good statistical agreement. It was observed that the errors in crop coefficients (A and B) are sensitive to errors in initial vegetation/canopy descriptor parameters.
Hierarchical Compression Reveals Sub-Second to Day-Long Structure in Larval Zebrafish Behavior
Authors: Ghosh Marcus , Rihel Jason
Published: April 2020

Animal behavior is dynamic, evolving over multiple timescales from milliseconds to days and even across a lifetime. To understand the mechanisms governing these dynamics, it is necessary to capture multi-timescale structure from behavioral data. Here, we develop computational tools and study the behavior of hundreds of larval zebrafish tracked continuously across multiple 24-h day/night cycles. We extracted millions of movements and pauses, termed bouts, and used unsupervised learning to reduce each larva’s behavior to an alternating sequence of active and inactive bout types, termed modules. Through hierarchical compression, we identified recurrent behavioral patterns, termed motifs. Module and motif usage varied across the day/night cycle, revealing structure at sub-second to day-long timescales. We further demonstrate that module and motif analysis can uncover novel pharmacological and genetic mutant phenotypes. Overall, our work reveals the organization of larval zebrafish behavior at multiple timescales and provides tools to identify structure from large-scale behavioral datasets.
HEREDITARY ENDOCRINE TUMOURS: CURRENT STATE-OF-THE-ART AND RESEARCH OPPORTUNITIES: GPR101, an orphan GPCR with roles in growth and pituitary tumorigenesis
Authors: Trivellin Giampaolo , Faucz Fabio R , Daly Adrian F , Beckers Albert , Stratakis Constantine A
Published: April 2020

We recently described X-linked acrogigantism (X-LAG) in sporadic cases of infantile gigantism and a few familial cases of pituitary gigantism in the context of the disorder known as familial isolated pituitary adenomas. X-LAG cases with early onset gigantism (in infants or toddlers) shared copy number gains (CNG) of the distal long arm of chromosome X (Xq26.3). In all patients described to date with Xq26.3 CNG and acro-gigantism, the only coding gene sequence shared by all chromosomal defects was that of GPR101. GPR101 is a class A, rhodopsin-like orphan guanine nucleotide-binding protein (G protein)-coupled receptor (GPCR) with no known endogenous ligand. We review what is known about GPR101, specifically its expression profile in human and animal models, the evidence supporting causation of X-LAG and possibly other roles, including its function in growth, puberty and appetite regulation, as well as efforts to identify putative ligands.
Developmental programming of insulin resistance: are androgens the culprits?
Authors: Puttabyatappa Muraly , Sargis Robert M , Padmanabhan Vasantha
Published: April 2020

Insulin resistance is a common feature of many metabolic disorders. The dramatic rise in the incidence of insulin resistance over the past decade has enhanced focus on its developmental origins. Since various developmental insults ranging from maternal disease, stress, over/undernutrition, and exposure to environmental chemicals can all program the development of insulin resistance, common mechanisms may be involved. This review discusses the possibility that increases in maternal androgens associated with these various insults are key mediators in programming insulin resistance. Additionally, the intermediaries through which androgens misprogram tissue insulin sensitivity, such as changes in inflammatory, oxidative, and lipotoxic states, epigenetic, gut microbiome and insulin, as well as data gaps to be filled are also discussed.
Home for a rest: stem cell niche of the postnatal growth plate
Authors: Lui Julian C
Published: April 2020

The resting zone houses a group of slowly proliferating ‘reserve’ chondrocytes and has long been speculated to serve as the stem cell niche of the postnatal growth plate. But are these resting chondrocytes bona fide stem cells? Recent technological advances in lineage tracing and next-generation sequencing have finally allowed researchers to answer this question. Several recent studies have also shed light into the signaling pathways and molecular mechanisms involved in the maintenance of resting chondrocytes, thus providing us with important new insights into the role of the resting zone in the paracrine and endocrine regulation of childhood bone growth.
Clotrimazole reduces endometriosis and the estrogen concentration by downregulating aromatase
Authors: Machado Daniel Escorsim , Alessandra-Perini Jéssica , Menezes de Mendonça Erika , Claudino Marllow Caetano , Nasciutti Luiz Eurico , Sola-Penna Mauro , Zancan Patrícia , Alessandra Perini Jamila
Published: April 2020

This study aimed to analyse the effects of clotrimazole (CTZ) on estrogen production pathway in endometriosis progression. Experimental endometriosis was induced by autologous transplantation in female Wistar rats, and then the rats were treated with clotrimazole (200 mg/kg) or vehicle, both orally and intraperitoneally, for 15 consecutive days. Serum estrogen levels and vaginal smear analyses were performed and ERα (estrogen receptor alpha) and CYP19 (cytochrome P450 aromatase) levels in the endometriotic lesions were analysed morphologically and immunohistochemically. The clotrimazole group presented a reduction in serum estrogen levels, which were not influenced by the estrous cycle of the animals. The expression of ERα and CYP19 in endometriotic lesions was also reduced in the clotrimazole group compared to the control group. Moreover, clotrimazole treatment decreased the size of the lesions, as confirmed by histological examination, which showed glandular atrophy for both routes of administration. These results suggest that clotrimazole interferes with the estrogen production pathway by downregulating CYP19 and, therefore, reducing serum estrogen levels. Thus, the drug decreases endometriotic lesion size and consequently disease progression.
The Peculiarities of Singlet Electronic Excitation Energy Transfer Processes in Alq3 Films
Authors: Navozenko O. M. , Yashchuk V. M. , Piryatinski Yu. P. , Gudeika D. , Naumenko A. P. , Slominskii Yu. L.
Published: April 2020

The absorption and luminescence of new boron-containing dyes in two-component films of Alq3 (matrix)-dye(impurity) (obtained by the method of thermal vacuum deposition) are studied. The comparison of the spectra of absorption, fluorescence, and fluorescence excitation of a dyes in one-component solutions and double-component films shows the existence of the effective electronic excitation energy transfer (EEET) from the matrix to dye molecules. Time-resolved spectra of two-component films also manifest strong EEET in these systems. For the estimation of the average exciton spreading length in Alq3 films, the diffusion model of the motion of singlet excitons is used. The diffusion coefficient is evaluated using time-resolved spectroscopy. The optimum concentrations of dyes in a light-emitting layer of OLED are evaluated based on experimental data and the used model of EEET.
Velocity and Absorption Coefficient of Sound Waves in Classical Gases
Authors: Magner A. G. , Gorenstein M. I. , Grygoriev U. V.
Published: April 2020

The velocity and absorption coefficient of plane sound waves in classical gases are obtained by solving the Boltzmann kinetic equation. This is done within the linear response theory as a reaction of the single-particle distribution function to a periodic external field. The nonperturbative dispersion equation is derived in the relaxation time approximation and solved numerically. The obtained theoretical results demonstrate an universal dependence of the sound velocity and scaled absorption coefficient on the variable wт , where w is the sound frequency, and т−1 is the particle collision frequency. In the region of wт ∼ 1, a transition from the frequent- to rare-collision regime takes place. The sound velocity increases sharply, and the scaled absorption coefficient has a maximum – both theoretical findings are in agreement with the data.
Compensating Effect of Terbium Impurity on the Conductivity of TbxSn1 – xSe Solid Solutions
Authors: Huseynov J. I. , Hasanov Kh. A. , Jafarov T. A. , Abbasov I. I.
Published: April 2020

The interactions in the SnSe–TbSe system are investigated, and the solubility region of TbSe in SnSe is determined from the results of a complex physicochemical analysis. The dependence of the electrical conductivity and the concentration of current carriers of TbxSn1−xSe crystals on the composition and temperature is analyzed.
Accounts Payable (Qardh) in Islamic Law
Authors: Saprida Saprida , Choiriyah Choiriyah , Melis Melis
Published: April 2020

AbstractThis study discusses how accounts receivable (qardh) are in Islamic law. This research is a type of library research that focuses on qualitative data management with data analysis methods using the description-analysis method. The results of this study are that qardh (accounts receivable) is an act or activity that has the purpose of helping others who are in need of material assistance, and is highly recommended because it provides wisdom and benefits for the lender and the recipient of the debt. Qardh is permissible as long as there are no elements which are detrimental to either party. While the law exceeds the payment of as much debt, if the excess is indeed the will of the debtor and not the previous agreement, then the excess may be for those who repay it, and be good for those who pay the debt. As for the additions that are desired by those who are in debt or have become agreements during the contract, this must not be prohibited in Islam.Keywords: Qardh, Islamic Law. AbstrakPenelitian ini membahas bagaimana piutang (qardh) dalam hukum Islam. Penelitian ini adalah jenis penelitian kepustakaan yang berfokus pada manajemen data kualitatif dengan metode analisis data menggunakan metode deskripsi-analisis. Hasil penelitian ini adalah bahwa qardh (piutang dagang) adalah tindakan atau kegiatan yang memiliki tujuan membantu orang lain yang membutuhkan bantuan material, dan sangat dianjurkan karena memberikan kebijaksanaan dan manfaat bagi pemberi pinjaman dan penerima hutang. Qardh diperbolehkan selama tidak ada unsur yang merugikan salah satu pihak. Sementara hukum melebihi pembayaran hutang sebanyak-banyaknya, jika kelebihannya memang merupakan kehendak debitur dan bukan perjanjian sebelumnya, maka kelebihannya mungkin bagi mereka yang membayarnya, dan baik bagi mereka yang membayar hutang. Adapun tambahan yang diinginkan oleh mereka yang berhutang atau telah menjadi perjanjian selama kontrak, ini tidak boleh dilarang dalam Islam.Kata kunci: Qardh, Hukum Islam.
Safety and Efficacy of Imiquimod in the Treatment of Infantile Hemangioma; a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Alakeel Abdullah
Published: April 2020

Objective: To study the safety and efficacy of imiquimod in the treatment of infantile hemangioma (IH).

Method: Systematic search was conducted in nine electronic databases for selecting relevant articles reporting the safety and efficacy of imiquimod as a therapeutic agent for treatment of IH. Meta-analysis was used to pool the results.

Results: Of total 180 records screened, we included 9 studies for this systematic review and meta-analysis. About one-fifth of the patients (20.9%) have showed clinical resolution with 95% confidence interval (CI) of 11.8% to 34.1%. Regarding IH type, superficial type showed the highest rates of both clinical resolution and excellent response rates with 31.2% (95% CI= 16.6% to 50.8%) and 26.5% (95% CI= 11.6% to 49.6%), respectively. A relatively high prevalence of any side effects with 63.1% (95% CI= 47.6% to 76.3%) has been reported. The highest reported side effect was crustation (44.1%; 95% CI= 27.8% to 61.8%).

Conclusion: Imiquimod is effective in the treatment of superficial IH and it is associated with local side effects.
Some institutional restrictions on the development of urban municipalities in the Republic of Bashkortostan
Authors: Khuzakhhmetova Gul’nara
Published: April 2020

The article discusses some of the institutional constraints characteristic of urban municipalities of the Republic of Bashkortostan. The main formal and informal institutions for nominating candidates for the post of heads of municipalities are considered. It has been established that when appointing to a post, informal standards for the selection of candidates are of great importance. The institutional and cultural environment from which the selection of staff for the post of heads of municipalities takes place is limited by the following general provisions: non-core education, gender inequality and the practice of appointment. The emergence of an institutional trap in the field of finance is justified, debt on overdue loans is growing, and consumer loans keep stability. All this is associated with a decrease in real cash incomes of the population. There is a decrease in the average per capita cash income of the population, which is associated with a decrease in real and disposable cash incomes of the population; all this leads to a high debt load on the population. It has been revealed that aging industrial enterprises and a resource-dependent economy in the republic, including the development of Shahan for the production of soda ash, shows a strong dependence on old institutions in the Russian economy and is defined as the “gauge effect”. Institutional constraints lie in the problem of the resource dependence of the old type of production. The greatest resonance in the public opinion of the republic is caused by the development of the Shihan by the Bashkir soda company. Production does not bear significant transaction costs for technical and technological modernization of production.
Documentary support of the agricultural producer
Authors: Stafievskaya Maria , Kurochkinа Nadezhda
Published: April 2020

One of the significant management functions today is financial accounting. Today, farmers can independently develop primary accounting documents that would meet the requirements of legislation and internal management. The presence of workflow is an important information source for the management process. Timely information on the costs incurred is generated in the field of primary accounting as an information system for all accounting subsystems (tax, management, financial). Today, the list of primary documents is extensive, presented in unified and specialized forms, however, farmers feel the problem of establishing accurate and efficient exchange of information within the enterprise units.
The article provides a critical analysis of the current standard forms of primary accounting documents used by agricultural organizations to account for costs at the present stage. The object of the study was the activity of agricultural enterprises of the Republic of Mari El. The subject of the study is the documentary support of the production and sale of agricultural products, the performance of work in crop production. This study is based on the application of methods of deduction, induction, information analysis. The analysis made it possible to identify the main shortcomings in documenting operations related to the implementation of agricultural work and to develop recommendations for their elimination.
The scientific novelty is the author's recommendations on improving the primary accounting for the agricultural producer. The implementation of the proposed recommendations in the practice of accounting for agricultural organizations of the Mari El Republic will allow:
• simplify the initial accounting of production costs by reducing the number of primary accounting documents;
• reduce the cost of working time to prepare information about the costs for the management of organizations;
• increase the reliability and efficiency of the information received on the magnitude of the costs incurred and the cost of agricultural products.
Mussel-inspired polydopamine-coated silk fibroin as a promising biomaterial
Authors: Kianersi Sogol , Varjani Ali Akbar Asgari , Solouk Atefeh , Ai Jafar , Lee Bruce P
Published: April 2020

Silk fibroin (SF) is one of the natural biomaterials with promising and growing potential in different clinical applications such as corneal transplantation, donor site skin substitute and tympanic membrane. Some of the SFs that are extracted from mulberry silkworm do not have the arginyl–glycyl–aspartic acid (RGD) sequence for properly supporting cell adhesion and proliferation. Therefore, in the current study, polydopamine (PDA)-coated SFs were prepared to provide an RGD sequence, and the effect of PDA coating on different properties of SF was investigated. The results are also compared with those of an amniotic membrane (AM) that is a commercially available natural biomaterial for the mentioned applications. The Raman spectra showed characteristic peaks at 1581 and 1370 cm−1, which demonstrate the formation of the coating layer on the surface of the films. The results showed that coating led to no significant difference in surface hydrophilicity; a smoother surface; and improved cell attachment and distribution; and a little decrease in membrane transparency, but the membrane still being transparent enough to provide vivid vision through it.
Study on the process of the CoNiCrAlY bonding layer under laser shock
Authors: Hua Yinqun , Zhu Jiaming , Chen Ruifang , Shuai Wenwen
Published: April 2020

In this study, atmospheric plasma spraying was used for the preparation of a CoNiCrAlY bonding layer on a nickel (Ni)-based superalloy with different laser shock times designed for surface modification. In addition, electron-beam physical vapor deposition was used to deposit a ceramic layer to form a new modified coating. When comparing high-temperature oxidation resistance with mechanical properties for both traditional coatings and modified coatings as well as the effects of different laser shock times on them, the results showed that the cross-section hardness of the coating under two laser shocks reaches the peak value of 297 HV, which is 11% higher than that of ordinary coating. The growth rate of the thermal growth oxide at the interface of the modified coatings is significantly lower than that of the ordinary coating under different oxidation times at 1000°C. Furthermore, the lowest rate, 2·43 × 10−4 μm/h, occurs after being laser-shocked twice. With the increase in oxidation time, the residual compressive stress generated during the oxidation increases first and then decreases. Moreover, the stress value of the modified coating after being laser-shocked twice is the smallest. To conclude, this research is of significance for application in surface modification for aviation.
Laboratory investigation of sand and water inflow into a hole of under-waterway tunnels
Authors: Abdelhaleem Fahmy Salah Fahmy , Helal Esam Eldeen Yousry
Published: April 2020

The effects of a cracked tunnel underneath a canal bed on water and sand inflow through the tunnel hole and distortion of the canal bed were experimentally examined. A circular hole in the centre of the base plate of the flume was used to simulate the cracked tunnel. In total, 108 tests were conducted to investigate four factors that affect canal bed morphology (four water depths, three bed material sizes, four hole diameters and three bed material heights above the tunnel hole). The water and sand discharges into the tunnel hole were measured. The scour bed geometry due to the cracked tunnel, including the erosion volume and scour hole dimensions, was also measured and analysed. The results indicated that the sand height, tunnel hole diameter and bed material particle size were the important factors affecting the sand flux, while Froude number and canal water depth were the parameters governing the water flow rate. The tunnel hole became blocked when the particle size was larger than 0·2 times the tunnel hole diameter, indicating that this could be used to temporarily block a cracked tunnel. Relationships were developed to correlate the investigated parameters and to estimate the flow rate and the volumes of water and sand passing through the tunnel hole.
Ortak Yöntem Yanlılığı Üzerine Sistematik Bir Yazın Taraması
Authors: ÇİZEL Beykan , SELÇUK Onur , ATABAY Eniser
Published: April 2020

Bu makalenin temel amacı, ortak yöntem yanlılığının ne olduğunu, önemi, olası nedenlerini ve yanlılığı kontrol etmenin yollarını açıklamak ve turizm araştırmalarındaki mevcut durumun tespitini yapmaktır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda karma yöntem ile sistematik yazın taraması gerçekleştirilmiştir. İlk olarak Scopus’ta yayımlanan anahtar kelime ve özetlerinde yöntem yanlılığı, ortak yöntem yanlılığı (OYY) ve ortak yöntem varyansı (OYV) kelimeleri geçen toplam 1534 çalışma, “R” programı ile bibliyometrik yöntemler kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. İkinci aşamada manuel olarak, saptanan temel kaynaklar üzerinden yöntem yanlılığının olası nedenleri ve kontrol etme yolları incelenmiştir. Son olarak ise OYY’nin olası nedenleri ve kontrol etme yöntemleri ile ilgili ölçüt seti oluşturulmuş ve 1534 çalışmanın içerisinde turizm dergilerinde yayımlanan 19 çalışma değerlendirilmiştir. Yazın taraması sonuçları uluslararası turizm dergilerinde araştırmacılar arasında OYY konusunda az da olsa bir farkındalık oluştuğunu göstermektedir.
Akış Deneyiminin Memnuniyet Üzerine Etkisi: Tatil Deneyimi Üzerine İnceleme
Authors: KARASAKAL Sezer
Published: April 2020

Ulusal yazında turistlerin algılarını ortaya koymaya yönelik çok fazla araştırma bulunmasına karşın, akış deneyimini ele alan çalışma sayısı oldukça azdır. Akış, dinlence eyleminin çekirdeğini oluşturmakta ve kişilerin mutlulukları ile memnuniyetlerine etki edebilmektedir. Bu çalışma, akış deneyiminin (zamanın dönüşümü, ototelik deneyim, öz bilinç kaybı, odaklanma) memnuniyet üzerindeki etkisini incelemeyi amaçlamıştır. Çalışmada, turistlerden 317 kullanılabilir anket elde edilmiştir ve kısmi en küçük kareler yapısal eşitlik modellemesi (PLS-SEM) ile test edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, ototelik deneyim ile öz bilinç kaybının turistlerin memnuniyetleri üzerinde etkili olduğu ortaya konmuştur. Elde edilen bulgular ışığında, teorik ve uygulamaya yönelik önerilerde bulunulmuştur.
Orientações de enfermagem voltadas para o autocuidado de pessoas com insuficiência cardíaca
Authors: Silva Adryel Vieira Caetano da , Carvalho Beatriz Lucas de , Guedes Maria Vilaní Cavalcante
Published: April 2020

OBJETIVO: Identificar, na literatura científica, as principais orientações de enfermagem voltadas ao autocuidado de pessoas com insuficiência cardíaca. MATERIAIS E MÉTODO: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa de literatura utilizando as bases de dados LILACS, MEDLINE, BDENF e a biblioteca virtual SciELO para a busca de publicações indexadas no período de 2009 a 2019, empregando os descritores ‘insuficiência cardíaca’, ‘autocuidado’ e ‘enfermagem’. RESULTADOS: Com os 21 estudos da amostra, elencaram-se as recomendações primordiais voltadas para o autocuidado da insuficiência cardíaca: Adesão farmacológica; Monitorização de sinais, sintomas e peso corporal; Restrição hidrossalina; Atividade física; Hábitos alimentares; Conhecimento da insuficiência cardíaca; Vacinação; Suporte familiar; Consumo do álcool; Cessação do tabagismo; Repouso; Atividade sexual e Atividade laboral. CONCLUSÃO: Pontua-se a correlação direta da prática adequada do autocuidado com a redução significativa em taxas de reinternações e descompensação clínica da condição.
Теоретические проблемы лексико-семантической типологии (на примере кавказских языков)
Authors: Кретов А. А. , Черечеча А. Д.
Published: April 2020

В статье рассмотрен метод параметрического анализа, введенный и изученный В. Т. Титовым, примененный к четырем северо-кавказским языкам: кабардино-черкесскому и абазинскому, как представителям абхазо-адыгской семьи, чеченскому и аварскому, как представителям нахско-дагестанской семьи. Поэтапно описывается создание базы данных языка, а именно перенос печатного словаря в программу Excel, разделяя по столбцам лемму, помету, первое значение, второе значение и т. д.; создание практической транскрипции для того, чтобы количество букв совпадало с количеством звуков; замена букв символами выполненной транскрипции, и действия, обеспечившие выделение 4 главных ядер лексики: функционального ядра (оценивание по длине слова), что подразумевает, что чем короче слово, тем чаще оно употребляется, и наоборот; синтагматического ядра (оценивание по количеству фразеологизмов), которое подразумевает, что чем больше у слова фразеосочетаний, тем больше его синтагматический вес; парадигматического ядра (оценивание по объему синонимического ряда), чем больше у слова синонимов, тем больше его парадигматический вес; эпидигматического ядра (оценивание по количеству значений у слова), чем больше у слова значений, тем выше его эпидигматический вес. Далее все четыре языка были сравнены друг с другом для нахождения типологических сходств и различий. Выводом сравнения стало то, что если языки являются генетически родственными, это совершенно не значит, что они обязательно должны быть типологически схожими. Исследование показало, что типологически кабардино-черкесский и чеченский могут совпасть, в то время как генетически они разные.
Инфинитивные предложения в русском и испанском языках
Authors: Корнева В.В.
Published: April 2020

В статье рассматриваются структурно-семантические особенности предложений с независимым инфинитивом в русском и испанском языках. Выявляется их место в системе средств выражения побуждения, вскрываются причины эксплицитности/имплицитности адресата волеизъявления, анализируются лингвистические и экстралингвистические факторы, влияющие на степень развернутости структуры инфинитивных предложений и их семантику, описываются контекстные условия их использования, делаются выводы о функциональном потенциале инфинитива как субституте других глагольных форм в русском и испанском языках и о сходстве и различиях изучаемых конструкций в сравниваемых языках.
Функции модальных маркеров в немецком художественном тексте
Authors: Аверина А. В.
Published: April 2020

В качестве объекта исследования настоящей статьи выступают модальные маркеры в немецком языке, предмет исследования – функции модальных маркеров в немецком художественном тексте. Цель работы – раскрыть функциональное назначение модальных маркеров в художественном тексте и описать их влияние на общую тональность текста. В качестве материалов исследования послужили фрагменты, отобранные из немецкоязычных художественных текстов. В качестве методов исследования были использованы описательный метод и метод текстового анализа. Было показано, что в художественном тексте модальные маркеры группируются с оценочными элементами, создавая модально-оценочную рамку высказывания, создающую эмоционально-оценочный фон текста и позволяющую переводить читателя из реального мира в мир иллюзий и представлений. Маркеры ирреальной модальности в тексте могут быть использованы для более точного отображения каких-то деталей, например, для описания действующих лиц, их внутренних переживаний или же просто для передачи психологической атмосферы. Если весь текст представляет собой скрытое сравнение (текстовая метафора), то предложения в форме Indikativ маркируют нереальную, или контрфактическую модальность. Напротив, предложения в форме Konjunktiv позволяют максимально приблизить происходящее в воображении автора с реальной действительностью. В целом было установлено, что маркеры эпистемической модальности, эвиденциальности и контрфактичности, использованные в художественном произведении, участвуют в создании образа автора и персонажей. В комбинации с оценочными элементами они позволяют описать внутренний мир автора как создателя произведения, отражают его ценностные установки и показывают его отношение к своим героям.
Фразеологические и сентенциональные атрибуты в современном английском языке
Authors: Овчинникова Н. И.
Published: April 2020

Настоящая работа посвящена изучению фразеологических и сентенциональных атрибутов, которые представляют сравнительно новое и малоизученное явление в английском языке. Их использование демонстрирует современные тенденции в развитии языка, такие как стремление к экономичной экспрессии и эмоционально маркированному описанию ситуации. Изучаемые сложные синтаксические конструкции со специфическим графическим оформлением на письме являются своеобразными единицами косвенной номинации признака, отражающими индивидуальное, субъективно-эмоциональное восприятие предметов и ситуаций. На материале корпусных данных, полученных из современной художественной литературы на английском языке, выявляются способы осложнения премодификационных сочетаний, когда атрибутивную функцию выполняют словосочетание или целое предложение. В ходе исследования анализируются основные структурно-семантические и комбинаторные особенности рассматриваемых конструкций. Доминирующим типом являются фразеологические атрибуты, компоненты которых связаны сочинительной связью и реализуют синонимичные или антонимичные отношения. Они обладают разной степенью устойчивости и могут быть фиксированными и грамматически свободными, выражающими оригинальный предмет авторской мысли. Количество контекстов с сентенциональными атрибутами значительно уступает количеству фразео-атрибутивных словосочетаний. Показано, что они представляют некий аналог прямой речи персонажа и дают автору возможность более точно и экспрессивно передать чувства героя, поскольку для оценки эмоционального состояния в описание вводятся воображаемые слова человека.
Canopy Trees Survey Protocol - Forests of Southern Québec v1
Authors: Vellend Mark , St-Jean Sabine , L Crofts Anna
Published: April 2020

Here, we describe the standardized protocol used by the Canadian Airborne Biodiversity Observatory (CABO) to conduct ground-based surveys of canopy trees at forested sites: Parc national du Mont-Mégantic and Mont-Saint-Bruno, Québec. Ground-based canopy tree surveys were conducted in circular sample plots of 15 m radius, with plots distributed across gradients of interest (e.g., species composition, elevation, slope orientation, and logging history), and recorded in the Plots app in Fulcrum. For each sample plot, precise GPS coordinates of plot centres were taken, as well as slope angle and aspect. Within each sample plot, all trees that met the selection criteria were identified to species and geolocated relative to the plot center using the Postex system (Haglöf Sweden AB, Långsele, SE). In addition, height, diameter at breast height (DBH), canopy area, and crown dominance class were estimated for all selected trees. All data were entered into the Vegetation Surveys: Large Trees app in Fulcrum. In Parc national du Mont-Mégantic, for any tree species that had fewer than 10 individuals assigned as 'Dominant' or 'Co-dominant' (crown dominance classes), across all sample plots, additional individuals found outside sample plots were geolocated and measured to bring the sample size to 10 (data recorded in the Plants app in Fulcrum). The ground-based canopy tree surveys were conducted in order to be paired with remotely-sensed aerial hyperspectral imagery.
Open Vegetation Survey Protocol v1
Authors: St-Jean Sabine , Vellend Mark
Published: April 2020

Here we describe the standardised protocol used by the Canadian Airborne Biodiversity Observatory (CABO) to survey open vegetation (i.e., vegetation without tree cover) at the Cowichan Garry Oak Preserve (British Columbia), Mer Bleue Bog (Ontario) and Parc national des Îles-de-Boucherville (Québec) sites. Surveys were conducted in 3x3m square plots, with each plot containing nine 1x1m subplots. Plot locations were selected in order to capture a range of environmental conditions of interest (e.g., distance from forest, soil types, or microtopography). All data were entered via the Fulcrum application, using the Plots, Subplots, and Vegetation Surveys: Herbs and Shrubs apps. For each plot, we first verified plot orientation (two edges of the square north-south, two east-west), measured geographic coordinates of the plot center and corners, and estimated slope angle and aspect. All plant species within the plot were identified. For each subplot, we made visual estimates of percent cover of all plant species present, as well as leaf litter and bare ground. If a drone was available, percent cover estimates were not made in the field; rather, overhead photographs taken with the drone were first annotated and later analyzed quantitatively using virtual point frames to obtain data on the abundance and distribution of plant species within the plots. The ground-based plant surveys were conducted in order to be paired with remotely-sensed aerial hyperspectral imagery.
Opentrons COVID-19 testing (Randox/qPCR common path, stations A & B, 24 samples) v4
Authors: Marrone Max
Published: April 2020

Opentrons and the Open Medicine Institute are developing an automated high-throughput COVID-19 testing protocol to submit to the FDA for an Emergency Use Authorization as a diagnostic. The standard assay for this type of infectious disease testing is quantitative PCR (qPCR), and in this case reverse transcriptase qPCR since COVID-19 is an RNA virus. After patient samples are collected in public health facilities, doctors offices, and hospitals, they are sent to the lab for processing, which happens in four steps: Sample Intake RNA Extraction qPCR Setup RT-qPCR Assay Opentrons OT-2 robots carry out most of this work. However, human operators are needed for some key tasks, like: Moving samples between stations Preparing certain reagents Running the qPCR machine Logging data
Non-intrusive energy disaggregation by detecting similarities in consumption patterns
Authors: Chavat Juan Pablo , Nesmachnow Sergio , Graneri Jorge
Published: April 2020

Breaking down the aggregated energy consumption into a detailed consumption per appliance is a crucial tool for energy efficiency in residential buildings. Non-intrusive load monitoring allows implementing this strategy using just a smart energy meter without installing extra hardware. The obtained information is critical to provide an accurate characterization of energy consumption in order to avoid an overload of the electric system, and also to elaborate special tariffs to reduce the electricity cost for users. This article presents an approach for energy consumption disaggregation in households, based on detecting similar consumption patterns from previously recorded labelled datasets. The experimental evaluation of the proposed method is performed over four different problem instances that model real household scenarios using data from an energy consumption repository. Experimental results are compared with twobuilt-in algorithms provided by the nilmtk framework (combinatorial optimization and factorial hidden Markov model). The proposed algorithm was able to achieve accurate results regarding standard prediction metrics. The accuracy was not affected in a significant manner by the presence of ambiguity between the energy consumption of different appliances or by the difference of consumption between training and test appliances.
SOCIAL WELFARE AND FAMILY SUPPORT AS A DIRECTION OF HUNGARIAN SOCIAL POLICY
Authors: Shubchynska A. , Lytva L.
Published: April 2020

The author investigates the transformation processes of family values, preconditions that have influenced the emergence of the familism in Hungarian society. The article deals with the analysis of the main characteristics of neo-familism as the dominant social phenomenon of the present, which directly impacts the Hungarian family policy and determines the further direction of the family support system formation. It has been noted that familism is a complex concept and can be interpreted from different perspectives. This term is revealed through the prism of personal and family values, norms, interpersonal and social relations, as well as governance systems strategies. In this article, familism is discussed mainly as a system of governance measures, disclosed through the demonstration of social, in particular, family policy strategies, as well as instruments of its regulation. Hungarian family policy and the effects of familism on it are described and analysed in several characteristics, such as types of financial support, supporting measures to facilitate parents' participation in the labour market and the social services systems. It is proved that, in comparison with other European Union countries, the parental support system of childcare in Hungary is one of the most comprehensive. On the basis of the analysis, it has been concluded that the Hungarian family support system was formed under the influence of the consequences of historical events and political ideologies. The key factors, which are determining the direction of the system transformation today, are both post-socialism and Europeanisation at the same time. The analysis of the historical preconditions of the family policy formation and its modern regulatory instruments classifies the Hungarian support system as optional familism, which provides universal financial support to families, a comprehensive system of parental leave and childcare allowances, tax deductions, public nursery and kindergarten services. The author also underlines the significance of analysing the Hungarian welfare system and social services which support not only families in difficult life circumstances but also middle-class families.
The phenomenon of lies in childhood: an ambivalent approach
Authors: Yurkevich V.S. , Emelyanova I.V.
Published: April 2020

The analysis carried out by the authors captures the ambivalent (dual) approach to the phenomenon of lies, both on the part of society and in the scientific community. In most studies, however, the phenomenon of lies is seen as the most important social competence necessary for successful adaptation in society. As part of the same ambivalent approach, it is found that creativity directly correlates with the phenomenon of lies. Analysis of the phenomenon of lies within the framework of age development showed that lies are positively associated with the development of cognitive and regulatory capabilities of the child. From this point of view, the early manifestations of deception in children are considered to be quite positive.