bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
BIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF APOPTOSIS (literature review)
Authors: Fomchenko N. E. , Voropayev E. V.
Published: April 2022

The problem of studying apoptosis and its relations with various diseases is relevant in both biology and medicine. Apoptosis is a complex and multifaceted phenomenon, which arose in the course of evolution since the emergence of multicellular organisms and serves to regulate the natural balance between the birth and death of cells being a necessary condition for the maintenance of homeostasis, and in this way establishes certain relations between individual cells in the whole organism. Due to these relations cells enter different stages of the life cycle: division, growth, development, differentiation, aging and death. Apoptosis is a common general biological mechanism responsible not only for maintaining constant number of cells, forming, culling of defective cells, but also for the development of various pathological conditions of individual cells, systems, and body as a whole.
BIOMEDICAL ASPECTS OF MENOPAUSE
Authors: Yakovets S. M. , Lyzikova Yu. A.
Published: April 2022

The article covers the questions of etiology and pathogenesis of climacteric syndrome.
MYELODYSPLASTIC SYNDROME: CLASSIFICATION, PROGNOSIS, TREATMENT
Authors: Uss A. L. , Iskrov I. A. , Smolnikova V. V. , Mogilevtsev M. I.
Published: April 2022

The use of the modern classification of myelodysplastic syndrome makes it possible to standardize the approaches to diagnosis and treatment of patients with this pathology. An approach to MDS treatment should be individualized and based on the definition of risk groups, age and somatic status. Among treatment strategies, epigenetic therapy with decitabine is given advantage in terms of quality of life. The decitabine therapy is clinically effective, demonstrating a high level of response to therapy in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome.
SOMATOPHYCHIC DISTURBANCES IN DEPRESSIVE AND ANXIETY DISORDERS
Authors: Tolkanets S. V.
Published: April 2022

The article presents the clinical analysis of 181 patients with depressive and anxiety disorders associated with pathologic bodily sensations under consultative supervision. It covers the structure of sensopathy, its pathogenetic features, singles out the phenomelogical variants for diagnostical optimization. The conceptual notion about the vital nature of pathologic bodily sensations and its relation to somatopsychic disorders is being specified.
APPLICATION OF DIOD SOURCE OF LIGHT IN SURGERY OF DISTROPHY DISEASES OF LUMBAR SPINE
Authors: Olizarovich M. V. , Remov P. S.
Published: April 2022

The quality of lighting in surgery is the main factor of operative success. The prospects of the application of diod lightning devices in the surgery of lumbar spine dystrophic lesions were developed and analyzed.
ATRIAL FIBRILLATION: THE STAGES OF TREATMENT AND DIAGNOSTIC MEASURES (literature review)
Authors: Salivonchyk D. P.
Published: April 2022

The stage-to-stage care after an AF patient can adequately assess the severity of the patient`s state, to assess the possible risk of cardioembolic stroke, to restore sinus rhythm or to obtain control of ventricular rate in the permanent form of persistent AF. Warfarin under the control of INR (2.0-3.0) is a drug to prevent cardiovascular stroke according to the scales CHADS2 and CHA2DS2-VASc in AF treatment.
THE MEDITERRANEAN DIET: THE STUDY OF THE MODELS OF RESPONSIBLE BEHAVIOR OF FLORENCE TEENAGERS TO THEIR HEALTH
Authors: Komodo N. . , Santamauro F. . , Lorini K. . , Buonokorsi G. .
Published: April 2022

The Mediterranean diet is considered one of the healthiest diets. In Italy the progressive abandonment of this diet coincides with the increase in overweight and obesity. The authors through the KIDMED Index have identified a low adherence to the Mediterranean diet in 16 % of the students in a high school. The low adhesion is significantly related to lack of physical activity, low academic performance, low cultural and social level of their families. It follows, therefore, the need for cultural interventions to understand that the traditional Mediterranean diet should not be abandoned in favor of other nutritional patterns and even the need to promote the spread of eating habits in line with this diet if we want to maintain the high levels of health and longevity that distinguish the Italian population. The school and the family must support children in the development of responsible and proactive behavior in the field of nutrition.
CLINICAL ORGANIZATIONAL APPROACHES FOR RENDERING MEDICAL AID TO PRETERM BABIES WITH HYPERBILIRUBINEMIA
Authors: Strupovets I. N. , Sharshakova T. M. , Shishko G. A.
Published: April 2022

Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia is one of the most common pathologic neonatal states. At present, there are no normative documents, regulating organization of rehabilitation activities for premature babies who had hyperbilirubinemia in the neonatal period in the Republic of Belarus. The follow-up for such children is realized depending on their pathology at the moment of admission to a children`s polyclinic. As a result of the carried out research, new clinical organization approaches have been developed for the follow-up on the premature babies at the out-patient stage of rendering medical aid.
OBSTETRICAL ASPECTS OF LISTERIOSIS
Authors: Gromyko N. L. , Zakharenkova T. N. , Zhelobkova T. I. , Nedoseikina M. S. , Kustova M. A.
Published: April 2022

The article describes 3 cases of negative perinatal outcomes due to intrauterine listeriosis, analyzes the literature data and gives recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of listeriosis in pregnant women.
ORGANIZATION OF SELF-STUDY OF JUNIOR STUDENTS AS A FACTOR TO STIMULATE EDUCATIONAL EFFICIENCY
Authors: Odintsova M. V. , Lysenkova A. V. , Perminova E. A.
Published: April 2022

The article deals with application of active forms and methods of self-study of junior medical students. The development of new forms of students’ teaching was introduced for studying of general chemistry in order to improve the methods of teaching of natural scientific subjects at a medical university.
APPLICATION OF SCALES AND QUESTIONNAIRES IN PAIN ASSESSMENT OF LUMBAR RADICULOPATHY
Authors: Olizarovich M. V. , Latysheva V. Ya.
Published: April 2022

Pain syndrome is one of the main clinical manifestations of degenerative disease of the lumbar spine. The severity of pain depends on the degree of compression of spinal roots of the intervertebral disc herniation, osteophytes or hypertrophied yellow ligament. The article presents the comparison of the evaluation results of radicular pain when using different scales of pain.
LIGAMENTS ASSOCIATED WITH THE SACROILIAC JOINT: ANATOMOICAL BASIS FOR A RADIOLOGIST (literature review)
Authors: Yurkovskiy A. M. , Achinovich S. L. , Latysheva V. Ya.
Published: April 2022

Objective: to systematize data on anatomical and morphological characteristics of ligaments associated with the sacroiliac joint. Material of the study. Publications containing information on the anatomical and morphological characteristics of the ligaments associated with the sacroiliac joint found in the PubMed resources and the information portal eLIBRARY.RU. Results. We singled out the most important anatomical and morphological features of the ligaments associated with the sacroiliac joint that are relevant in the diagnosis of the causes of lower back pain. Conclusion. To clarify the extent of the relation of the changes occurring in the ligaments associated with the sacroiliac joint to the lower back pain it is advisable to carry on the study on their nature.
Chemistry of bioGENIC elements (lecture)
Authors: Filippova V. A. , Lysenkova A. V.
Published: April 2022

The presented lecture is a short chemistry course on biogenic elements studied by medical students of higher schools of Belarus. The theoretical foundations of this topic are basic concepts of biogeochemistry, the science of the relation of the living and non-living matter developed by the academician V. I. Vernadsky in the 1930-s. Special attention was given to the relation of atomic structure, chemical properties and biological functions of chemical elements playing an essential role in life of living systems.
CORRELATION OF PAIN SYNDROME AND TOMOGRAPHIC DATA IN LUMBAR DEGENERATIVE DISC DISEASE
Authors: Olizarovich M. V.
Published: April 2022

Pain in lower extremities is one of the key symptoms of lumbar radiculopathy. The level of lesion and the severity of compression of the radix are determined by its nature. The severity of pain syndrome is taken into account to make a decision on performance of surgery. The severity of radix pain in radiculopathy was compared with the data of lumbar spine tomography.
PATHOLOGICAL DEFORMATION OF CAROTID ARTERY IN PATIENTS OVER 50: CLINICAL AND MORPHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
Authors: Kuzyk Yu. I.
Published: April 2022

The aim was to study cases of pathological deformation of the carotid artery (PD CA) and to determine the age and sex distribution, basic pathomorphological and clinical changes, related diseases and risk factors. Material and methods. The medical records of 175 patients having operated on PD CA were analyzed. The pathomorphological study of carotid artery biopsies received from surgery intervention was analyzed. Results. Women from 50 to 60 more often detected PD CA. Transit ischemic attacks, discirculator encephalopathy and ischemic infarctions were its clinical manifestations. Atherosclerosis, fibromuscular dysplasia and toxic influence were the major causes of PD CA. Kinking is the basic type of PD CA. The pathomorphological changes of PD CA include intimal hyperplasia, unreverse changes of elastic fibers, fibrosis and dystrophy of media’s collagen fibers, adventitial sclerosis. Conclusion. Further pathomorphological studies aimed at the definition of distinctive morphogenesis characteristic for each type of PD CA are needed for more accurate definition of its etiology and pathogenesis.
COLLATERAL BLOOD FLOW IN THE RETROPERITONEUM IN DYSPLASIA OF THE INFERIOR VENA CAVA
Authors: Kliuy E. A. , Tikhon S. N. , Dechko V. M. , Kryzhova E. V. , Vartanian V. F. , Kovalevich K. M. , Kuznetsov Ya. O.
Published: April 2022

Objective: to study the topography of blood flow redistribution in dysplasias of the inferior vena cava (aplasia and hypoplasia) and to determine the dependence of the collateral development stage on a level and duration of occlusion. Material and methods: 24 patients with congenital pathology of the inferior vena cava (aplasia and hypoplasia) were enrolled in the study. The contrast enhanced computer tomography was analyzed in dysplasias of the inferior vena cava and the dependence of the collateral development on the level and duration of occlusion was studied. Conclusion. Two variants of the main collateral pathways of the retroperitoneum were singled out: the former with prior role of the ascending lumbar veins in patients with occlusion of the suprarenal section, total and subtotal aplasia of the postcava, the latter in the occlusion of the infrarenal section of the postcava, when the main ways of collateral outflow are left gonand-renal venous system with ascending lumbar veins.
NORMOBARIC HYPOXITHERAPY IN CHRONIC DISEASES
Authors: Kovalchuk P. N. , Kovalchuk L. S.
Published: April 2022

We have studied the efficacy of the application of interval normobaric hypoxitherapy in patients with certain chronic diseases. We examined 143 patients in a health home who had underwent the courses of normobaric hypoxitherapy using the device «Hypoxicator MM» produced by Kosmos, Moscow. The results of the study are indicative of high clinical effectiveness of the applied hypoxitherapy due to activation of sanogenesis mechanisms. The present method broadens the treatment means for patients suffering from different chronic diseases with compensation symptom.
ЦИТОГЕНЕТИЧЕСКИЕ ЭФФЕКТЫ РЕСВЕРАТРОЛА И КАНДЕСАРТАНА IN VIVO И IN VITRO
Authors: Beliayeva A. V. , Dorofeyenko I. S. , Anisovich M. V. , Vlasenko A. K. , Sazanov V. B. , Afonin V. Yu. , Shilov V. V.
Published: April 2022

Objectives: to analyze the cytogenetic parameters in vivo and in vitro in the administration of Resveratrol and Candesartan Cilexetil in different dosages and combinations. Material and methods. Male C57Bl/6 mice were used for the research. We investigated the molecular-biological parameters in vivo and in vitro and also the number of stem cells with CD117 phenotype (flow cytometry). The statistical analysis of the data was performed using Excel and Statistica. Results. Candesartan and Resveratrol in different dosages and combinations influence the molecular-biological parameters in vivo and in vitro . Candesartan at a dose of 3 mg/kg and its complex application with Resveratrol stimulate the formation of CD117 cells.
THE Analysis of CEBPA, NPM1, FLT3 and P53 gene mutations in groups of patients with myelodysplastic syndrome and acute nonlymphocytic leukaemia
Authors: Silin A. E. , Martinkov V. N. , Novik D. K. , Kozich Zh. M. , Tropashko I. B. , Shpudeyko V. K. , Silina A. A. , Voropayeva A. V. , Martynenko S. M.
Published: April 2022

The article presents the molecular genetic analysis of the prevalence of somatic mutations in FLT3, NPM1, CEBPA, and p53 genes in a group consisting of 23 patients with myelodysplastic syndrome MDS (option - refractory anemia with excess blasts, RAEB) and 97 patients with acute nonlymphoblastic leukemia (ANLL). It was ascertained that FLT3-ITD mutations in the group of patients with MDS RAEB occur with the prevalence of 8,7 ± 5,9 %, while in the group with ANLL they are observed in 22,7 ± 4,3 % cases. FLT3 D835 mutations were detected only in the ANLL group with the prevalence of 7.2±2.6 %. NPM1 gene mutations were detected in 8,7 ± 5,9 % of MDS RAEB cases and in 21,6 ± 4,2 % of ANLL cases. CEBPA somatic mutations were found in 11,3 ± 3,2 % of ANLL cases, while the group of MDS RAEB was free of them. Mutations in the p53 gene were detected in 17,4 ± 7,9 % of MDS RAEB cases and in 10,3 ± 0,3 % of ANLL cases. All the detected CEBPA and p53 gene mutations were described by means of direct sequencing. The analysis results show that the use of molecular genetic markers in combination with cytogenetic ones makes it possible to expand the group with prognostic markers by 41,3 % in comparison with the use of only cytogenetic data.
ISOLATION OF HEPATOCYTES
Authors: Skuratov A. G. , Petreniov D. R.
Published: April 2022

Objective: to study the theoretical basis and give the experimental validation of the efficiency of hepatocyte isolation by the method of enzymatic perfusion of the liver. Material and methods. Wistar rats at a mass of 200 g, isolation of hepatocytes by enzymatic perfusion of the liver, light microscopy, assessment of functional cell capacity to synthesize and accumulate glycogen. Results. The article shows the high efficiency of the method of the 2-step adapted enzymatic perfusion of the liver to isolate hepatocytes. The culture of viable hepatocytes with preserved morphological and functional properties was obtained.
COMPARATIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE ANXIETY LEVEL IN SCHOOLCHILDREN OF GOMEL
Authors: Soboleva L. G. , Novak N. G. , Sharshakova T. M.
Published: April 2022

Objective: to study the level of anxiety in schoolchildren in the city of Gomel. Material and methods. To study the level and nature of anxiety in schoolchildren, we used the anxiety test of R. Tammpl, M. Dorky, B. Aman, Prichogan`s scale of personal anxiety, Phillips` method. To measure the subjective unpleasantness of various cases, we used the scale of personal anxiety by A. M. Prichogan. Totally 549 schoolchildren participated. Results. According to the received data, high anxiety level is typical for 18,75 % junior schoolchildren, the percentage of senior schoolchildren with high anxiety level makes up more than 30 % (which is determined by a general increase of the school anxiety level), 40 % schoolchildren in their fifth form have school-related fears and problems. Of them, 34 % have difficulties with teachers. Conclusion. The results of our research confirm the fact that the problem of the schoolchildren’s elevated anxiety level is still actual. The causes of this negative emotional state can be not only personal - individual features (gender, age, peculiarities of character and etc), but also peculiarities of background, close environment of the schoolchildren. In this connection the activity of experts when working with schoolchildren with high anxiety level must be differentiated and combined at the same time. The differentiated approach provides effectiveness of psycho-remedial work (considering age, causes and contents of anxiety), and the combined approach shows the necessity of mutual efforts of adults, who are connected to the child (parents, teachers, psychologists, school management etc.) on creating conditions, in favour of the schoolchildren’s emotional development and maintaining their somatic and psychological health.
GLUTEN ENTEROPATHY IN CHILDREN
Authors: Maloletnikova I. M. , Zaryankina A. I. , Lozovik S. K.
Published: April 2022

Celiac disease takes an important place among the diseases with impaired intestinal absorption. The variety in the variants of the clinical course of celiac disease in children and adolescents poses significant challenges for its early diagnosis. The untimely prescription for adequate etiotropic treatment worsens the prognosis of the illness, and increases the incidence rate of infertility, osteoporosis, autoimmune diseases and cancer.
MODERN APPROACHES TO NUTRITION OF ONE-YEAR INFANTS
Authors: Kozlovsky A. A.
Published: April 2022

The article presents general information about the rational feeding of one-year infants. It covers the advantages of natural breeding, modern approaches to the consequence and terms of prescription of additional nutrition. The practical application of the offered recommendations for nutrition of one-year infants will make it possible to improve the children`s health and decrease the incidence rate.
FILTERING MATERIAL FOR WATER AND AIR CLEANING FROM LONG-LIVING RADIONUCLIDES
Authors: Zubareva A. V. , Kravtsov A. G.
Published: April 2022

Цель: апробация собственного технического решения в области фильтроадсорбционной очистки объектов окружающей среды от долгоживущих радионуклидов. Материалы и методы. В качестве сорбционных элементов использовали полимерные волокнистые материалы, полученные методом аэродинамического формования из расплавов полиолефинов (melt blowing) и обладающие объемным электретным зарядом. Способность волокнистых материалов к накоплению долгоживущих радионуклидов изучали по стандартной методике путем радиохимического выделения соответствующих изотопов. Результаты и их обсуждение. Показана высокая эффективность извлечения радионуклидов из воды озера Персток с использованием комбинированного сорбента на основе волокнистого melt-blown фильтроматериала, импрегнированного гуминовыми веществами и зеленой водорослью хлорелла. Установлена большая в сравнении с тканью Петрянова эффективность melt-blown фильтроматериалов при извлечении радионуклидов из атмосферного воздуха (г. Брагин). Заключение. Применение фильтрационных систем, включающих melt-blown материалы, может существенно улучшить радиоэкологическую обстановку в регионах, загрязненных долгоживущими радионуклидами в результате техногенных катастроф.
THE APPLICATION OF STATINS IN THE PREVENTION OF PRIMARY AND SECONDARY CEREBRAL INFARCTION AND TRANSIENT ISCHEMIC ATTACKS (literature review)
Authors: Galinovskaya N. V. , Usova N. N. , Latysheva V. Ya.
Published: April 2022

The application of statins in cardiology aimed at reduction of the risk of cardiovascular problems has noticeably increased over the last years. In this regard, it has been assumed that statins can be effective in the primary and secondary prevention of cerebral infarction and transient ischemic attack. The recent studies have provided contradictory data on the issue, which reduces the assignability of this group of drugs by neurologists. This review covers the characteristic features of statins in angioneurology.
PRIMARY HYPERPARATHYROIDISM (literature review)
Authors: Borsuk A. D.
Published: April 2022

Primary hyperparathyroidism is a common endocrine disorder in adults and asymptomatic hypercalcemia is its typical manifestation. Primary hyperparathyroidism is clinically symptomatic in younger patients who reveal signs of hypercalcemia, skeletal complications and/or nephrolithiasis. In most cases, primary hyperparathyroidism is caused by a solitary benign parathyroid adenoma, rarely by multiple adenomas. The involvement of all the four parathyroid glands, so-called parathyroid hyperplasia, occurs in approximately 10 % cases. Parathyroid carcinoma is exceedingly uncommon (less than 1 %). Surgery is the principal treatment method for most adult patients with primary hyperparathyroidism, apart from the cases associated with hereditary hypocalciuric hypercalcemia.
РЕДКИЙ КЛИНИЧЕСКИЙ СЛУЧАЙ ТОКСОПЛАЗМЕННОГО АБСЦЕССА У ВИЧ-ИНФИЦИРОВАННОГО
Authors: Михед Т. М. , Красавцев Е. Л. , Терешковец А. С. , Казначеева Е. П.
Published: April 2022

В статье представлен клинический случай редкой патологии - токсоплазменного абсцесса у ВИЧ-инфицированной пациентки, который не был диагностирован при жизни. Учитывая неспецифическое описание картины поражения головного мозга на магнитно-резонансной томографии, заболевание было расценено как лимфома головного мозга. Описаны клинические проявления заболевания и морфологические изменения в пораженных органах. Показана на конкретном примере сложность верификации диагноза крайне редкого осложнения токсоплазменного одиночного очага - абсцесса.
ANTIRELAPSE PHARMACOTHERAPY OF ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE (literature review)
Authors: Skvira I. M.
Published: April 2022

The problem of treatment for alcohol addiction stays extremely topical due to its prevalence and extent of economic, environmental, demographic and moral losses, which is a serious threat to health, safety, stability and development of the society. This problem is worsened by the fact that despite the variety of approaches and techniques the ultimate effectiveness of the treatment of patients with alcohol dependence (AD), determined by the duration of remission, stays completely inadequate, primarily due to relapse-dangerous clinical situations underlying failures and AD relapse. The literature review deals with pharmacological prevention of AD relapse.
THE DISTANT OUTCOMES OF SURGICAL TREATMENT FOR STENOSING AFFECTION OF BRACHIOCEPHALIC ARTERIES
Authors: Pechionkin A. A. , Lyzikov A. A. , Skubakova E. I.
Published: April 2022

Acute disturbed cerebral circulation is the second leading cause of death around the world. Carotid stenosis is a cause of acute disturbed cerebral circulation in approximately 25 % of cases. At present, carotid endarterectomy is one of the most frequently performed vascular reconstructions. This is due to the high efficiency of the surgery in the correction of cerebral circulation and prevention of acute disturbances of cerebral circulation. The problem of the further disease progression still remains topical despite the method of intervention and plastic material applied, as restenosis is diagnosed in approximately 10-15 % of the cases. The work studies and analyzes the distant results of various surgical techniques used in carotid reconstructions. It gives a comparative analysis of the plastic materials used in carotid endarterectomy. The analysis of the results showed that there is no optimal technique of surgical correction and plastic material in atherosclerotic lesion of brachiocefal arteries that can help avoid restenosis. This proves a necessity for further investigation and search for a method of surgical correction and alternative tissue for internal carotid reconstruction.
MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF EXTRAPANCREATIC LESION OF INTERNAL ORGANS IN ACUTE ENZYMATIC PARAPANCREATITIS
Authors: Lyzikov A. N. , Mayorov V. M. , Dundarov Z. A. , Avizhets Yu. N.
Published: April 2022

The article analyzes the causes of fatal outcomes and structure of postoperative complications in patients who died of acute destructive pancreatitis. The analysis of morphological changes of internal organs has shown that the cause of early fatal outcomes is massive enzymatic noncorrected intoxication, and late lethal outcomes are caused by the intoxication associated with resorbtion of toxic substances from necrotically changed parapancreatic cellular tissue. The special attention is given to the features of anatomic interrelation of the destructively changed pancreas and the affected parapancreatic cellular tissue. An obligate lesion of the parapancreatic cellular tissue was found in the necrosis centres in the pancreas parenchyma. The article studies morphological changes in the wall of the small intestine that cause enteral insufficiency in acute destructive pancreatitis. It was shown that according to the autopsy data, the real number of observations of total pancreatonecrosis was not adequate if to compare with that that was supposed according to the data of clinical and intraoperative inspections. The analysis of operative interventions showed that purulent-necrotizing parapancreatitis is an object of surgical intervention.
SWIMMING TEST EXPERIMENT: cardiointervalography INDICES IN rats in MODELLED daily physical EXERCISE
Authors: Skuratova N. A.
Published: April 2022

This article assesses the dynamics of cardiointervalography indices in non-linear rats before and after a daily 12-day swimming test «until refusal». The model of physical stress in the swimming test led to a shift in the cardiointervalography indices to the prevalence of the parasympathetic nervous system function in experimental animals, which may be indicative of high functionality of a biological organism in response to regular exercise. After 12 days of physical exercise «until refusal» the electrocardiogram of rats revealed cardiac arrhythmias in the form of ectopic activity.
METHODOLOGICAL APPROACH TO THE ASSESSMENT OF INDIVIDUALIZED EXTERNAL DOSE IN PEOPLE AFFECTED AFTER THE CHERNOBYL ACCIDENT
Authors: Mataras A. N. , Eventova L. N. , Visenberg Yu. V. , Vlasova N. H.
Published: April 2022

The basis of the methodological approach to the assessment of individualized external radiation dose in people affected after the Chernobyl accident is the ascertained gender and age peculiarities in formation of an individual external dose. Seven age-gender groups that differ significantly as per their average value of external radiation dose have been singled out. A relation was found between the average external dose of the age-gender groups and that of a settlement, expressed in «coefficient of individualization», whose values are determined for each age-gender group. The methodological approach of the assessment of individual external doses was tested. The difference between the calculated and instrumentally measured external radiation doses was at an average 21 %.
ANTIBACTERIAL PROPERTIES OF NEW BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE SURGICAL SUTURES
Authors: Kniaziuk A. S. , Shevchenko N. I. , Bontsevich D. N.
Published: April 2022

Objective: to evaluate the sorption potential of various antibiotics on polylactide and polypropylene surgical threads, whose surface is modified by direct radiation grafting of acrylic acid in the presence of N, N- methylene- bis- acrylamide, and antibacterial properties and capillarity of new surgical suture. Material and methods. The surface of the surgical sutures was modified by direct radiation grafting of acrylic acid. The bond strength of different antibacterial preparations was studied with modified threads. The antibacterial activity of the threads with Levofloxacin was studied against St.aureus, E.coli, Ps.aeruginosa . The capillarity of the modified surgical suture was studied. Results. The new surgical suture has a greater affinity to the fluoroquinolone antibiotics, has a pronounced antibacterial activity against E.coli, St.aureus, Ps.aeruginosa . Conclusion. The new surgical suture material can most effectively be used in surgery for prevention of infectious complications in the postoperative period.
THE EFFECT OF SURGICAL SUTURe MATERIAL MODIFIED WITH SILVER NANO-PARTICLES ON THE COURSE OF IMFLAMMATORY wound process in vivo IN microbial contamination
Authors: Kabeshev B. O. , Zinovkin D. A. , Bontsevich D. N. , Nadyrov E. A.
Published: April 2022

The aim of the work was to study the effect of new polyamide-based antibacterial surgical sutural material modified with silver nano-particles and obtained by the method of metal and vapour synthesis on the course of inflammatory wound process in vivo. Material and methods. Polyamide threads produced by «Volot» (Russia), Specification 9432-001-24648800-95 and their analogs modified with silver nano-particles were used in the work. Sutural material was implanted into the back muscles of outbred female albino rats. Local inflammatory and tissue reaction was assessed in compliance with State Standard Specification P ISO 10993 «Medical Products. The assessment of the biological effect of medical products». Results. The research revealed earlier occurrence of the proliferative stage of inflammation when using a modified thread and formation of a well blood-supplied thin connective tissue capsule, which makes it possible to consider this as a precondition for wound healing by primary intention. Conclusion. The thread modified with silver nano-particles is more bioinert and causes less evident inflammatory response of the tissues to implantation.
STRUCTURAL ORGANIZATION OF SPINAL CORD AND MEDULLA OBLONGATA IN SIAMESE TWINS
Authors: Shkolnikov V. S. , Tikholaz V. O. , Guminskiy Yu. Y.
Published: April 2022

Objective: set the particular structure and morphometric parameters of medulla oblongata and spinal cord in Siamese twins with 18-week gestation of the intrauterine development. Material and methods . The morphological study was conducted on oblongata and spinal cord of female conjoined twins (thoraco-omfalopag) with the gestational age of 18 weeks. The measurement of the parietal-coccygeal length of the longitudinal and transverse dimensions of the medulla oblongata and the spinal cord was performed by conventional methods. The material for the study was obtained as a result of abortion for medical reasons. From the material paraffin blocks were made for performing serial sections of the spinal cord and medulla. The slides were stained with hematoxylin-eosin, toluidine blue, Van-Gieson, and silver impregnation by Bilshovski. The resultant preparations were visually evaluated under the microscope Micromed XS 5520, video capture camera performed ScienceLab DCM 520. Statistical processing of digital data using a standard software package «Statistica 8.0» by Statsoft company. Results. The work presents the results of anatomical and histological examination of the medulla oblongata and spinal cord of the thoraco-omfalopaga human fetus of 18 weeks of fetal development. Conclusion. We found out the peculiarities of architectonic structures and morphometric parameters of the medulla oblongata and spinal cord, as well as the topography and size of the nuclei, the degree of differentiation of their constituent neurons.
CONSTIPATION (REPORT 2: TREATMENT) (literature review)
Authors: Platoshkin E. N. , Shut S. A.
Published: April 2022

The article discusses the problem of choosing a method of constipation treatment from the point of view of evidence-based treatment taking into account individual characteristics of a patient. It presents data on the most effective and safe drugs for the treatment of constipation as well as indications for the application of biological feedback method and surgery.
CONTRAST-ENCHANCED ULTRASOUND: THEORETICAL APPENDIX OR PRACTICAL NECESSITY? (literature review)
Authors: Ermolitsky N. M.
Published: April 2022

Aim of research: systematization and analytical review of scientific publications on the topic, paying attention to practical application of contrast-enhanced ultrasound methods. Material. Publications on contrast-enhanced ultrasound. Results. Possibilities and advantages of present-day contrast-enhanced echography in clinical practice were defined. Conclusion. The application of contrast-enhanced ultrasound methods considerably increases quality of the image, improves diagnostic confidence of clinical specialists, provides wide prospects of diagnostics in various areas of medicine with low general expenses, cheap equipment, availability of studies.
Paracetamol Overdose in the Postoperative Postpartum Period
Authors: Okun Ohikhuare , Ogedegbe Oboseh John , Alugba Gabriel , Johnson Ayodeji David , Kolade Ojo Tioluwani , Cheema Asfand Yar
Published: April 2022

Paracetamol is the most commonly used medication for pain and fever worldwide and is readily available over the counter. The recommended maximum daily dose for an adult is three to four-gram. Paracetamol poisoning is the foremost cause of acute liver failure in the Western world and accounts for the highest percentage of drug overdose worldwide. Paracetamol administered in therapeutic doses is mainly conjugated with sulfate and glucuronide to form non-toxic metabolites via phase II metabolism. A small portion is metabolized to N-acetyl-p-benzoquinoneimine (NAPQI), a toxic metabolite. NAPQI is conjugated with glutathione and detoxified to form cysteine and mercapturic acid conjugates in normal circumstances. However, under certain conditions, NAPQI is not effectively detoxified due to depleting glutathione, causing hepatocellular necrosis and subsequently, liver failure. We present a case involving paracetamol overdose in a 35-year-old female who self-medicated on a large number of paracetamol pills daily for two weeks because of postoperative pain. This resulted in deranged liver enzymes. N-acetylcysteine was administered and led to clinical improvement and normalized LFTs. The case highlights patients’ ignorance of the dangers of paracetamol overdose and the importance of N-acetylcysteine in its management.
Quality Control with Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) And Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) Methods: Case Study Japanese Multinational Automotive Corporation
Authors: Haekal Jakfat
Published: April 2022

Automotive Company is one of the manufacturing companies engaged in the automotive sector. This automotive company produces products for two-wheeled vehicles and four-wheeled vehicles. Based on the researchers’ data from January 2021 to May 2021, currently, the line site body has problems related to quality. During the production process, some products do not meet specifications and cause damage to the product. Research conducted at this automotive company found four types of defects: dents with a percentage of 52.48%, sharp spots with a percentage of 20.79%, stray spots with a percentage of 19.80%, and rust with a percentage of 6.93%. Two tools can assist quality control, namely the Failure Mode and Effect Analysis and the Fault Tree Analysis. From the research, an analysis of the causes of defects from all types of defects is given suggestions for improvements to the analysis. The results showed that the cause of the defect was dominated by operator error, namely not being careful in checking, not carrying out the work process properly and method factors, namely lack training for new operators and transfers to carry out work in the welding section.
LANGUAGE LOYALTY OF NGGETO-NGGETE MINORITY URBAN MIGRANT DIALECT OF SASAK LANGUAGE IN MATARAM CITY
Authors: Amrullah Amrullah
Published: April 2022

This research is about (1) the language loyalty of Nggeto-Nggete minority urban–migrant dialect of Sasak language in Mataram city and (2) factors which cause the low loyalty of the speakers toward their language. The study employed cases of language loyalty by referring to Nggeto-Nggete speakers who have resided in un-concentrated areas in Mataram city since 1980’s. The theory of language loyalty mentioned that demographic factor is one of the strength and the speed causes of language loyalty. In other words, the resistance of low loyalty of the speakers to their language tends to last longer in rural areas than in urban areas (Holmes, 1992). The data were gathered by means of (1) observation method, (2) distributing questionnaires, (3) conducting an interview, and (4) making note takings and recording. For the purpose of data analysis, the researcher used a descriptive qualitative method. The main theories applied in this study were the domain theory and language choice theory (Fishman in Fasold. 1984). The results of this research reveals that (1) the use of Nggeto Nggete dialect by its speakers in Mataram city consisted of six domains, namely: family, religion, friendship, neighbourhood, government, and education, it is found that (a) languages use is dominated by Indonesian language and Meno-Mene dialect of Sasak language, (b elderly people or first generation, still speak and understand Nggeto-Nggete dialect among themselves, (c) in the given six different domains, none of children was found using Nggeto-Nggete dialect, (2) the low language loyalty of Nggeto-Nggete speakers are caused by several factors, namely: (a) no use of Nggeto-Nggete dialect within the family, (b) no passing on of dialect from parents to the children, (c) unconcentrated domicile pattern of Nggeto-Nggete speakers in Mataram, (d) a lack of language environment support of Meno-Mene majority dialect, (e) a strong process of adaptation, (f) a lack of positive dialect attitude, and (g) a lack of dialect loyalty.
Agricultural Informatics as a Branch of Study in Information Sciences and Technology Domain: A Proposal towards Digital Agriculture
Authors: Paul P. K. , Sinha R. R. , Baby Pappachan , Shivraj K. S. , Aremu Bashiru , S. Mewada
Published: April 2022

Agricultural Informatics is an important and valuable domain in the field of interdisciplinary sciences. This is responsible for the applications of Information Technology, Computing, and similar technologies into the agricultural activities. This is the combination of Agricultural Science and Information Sciences. The field due to technological nature is very closed with the Agricultural Engineering or Agricultural Technology. There are many allied and similar nomenclature of the fields, but all of these are primarily responsible for the same purpose. The field is rapidly increasing in recent past and most practiced in the developed nation. However, in developing countries as well Agricultural Informatics becomes an emerging field of practice and growing rapidly. Agricultural Informatics is growing both in pre and post agricultural activity. This branch is considered as branch of Information Sciences & Technology due to its technological applications in the field of agriculture and allied areas. Information Sciences are the broadest field within the allied branches and growing rapidly. Agricultural Informatics educational programs have started in recent past in different level and stream of education viz. science and technology. However, within the broad periphery of Information Sciences it could be offered in other streams and under the wide variety of Information Sciences. This paper is broad and interdisciplinary in nature and deals with the aspects Information Sciences including features, basic role, Information Sciences and Technology, including features, nature, scope and also the potentialities in respect of Agricultural Informatics.
The Educational Impact of Adopting Electronic Notes Pre Covid-19
Authors: Singh Upasana Gitanjali
Published: April 2022

This paper seeks to understand the educational impact of using Electronic Notes (e-notes) with undergraduate students at a South African University. The majority of research studies done in this area indicate that students prefer printed notes to e-notes. This study seeks to investigate if the same trends hold true for the selected group of students, who transitioned from the regular printed notes to e-notes prior to the COVID-19 pandemic. A questionnaire was developed to gather students’ perceptions on e-learning material, specifically e-notes, and its impact on their learning experience. The population included students within the Computer Science and Information Systems and Technology faculties of the selected institution. The quantitative research method was adopted and data was analysed using SPSS. The areas of effort expectancy, performance expectancy, social influence, facilitating conditions, and self-efficacy associated with e-note usage were investigated. The findings indicate that some of the positive trends observed in the literature review hold true for this group of students and that the use and implementation of e-notes primarily have a positive impact on these students.
A Review on 5G Technology: Evolution, Features and Challenges
Authors: Dange Siddik A. , Patil Shreya B. , Patil Varsha T. , Mulla Sabir S. , Husainy Avesahemad S. N.
Published: April 2022

Everyday living becomes more convenient and joyful as a result of technological advancements. The advancements in telecommunications and networking have changed throughout several decades. The first generation of mobile wireless communication was the 1G (the earliest form of voice-only network), which was followed by 2G, 3G, 4G, and 5G. The 5G network is expected to provide higher connection speeds than earlier networks, being more dependable, faster response time and more capacity. In this paper, we provide an overview of the standards, data rates, capacity, primary service, challenges, and features provided by each generation, as well as how advances have been achieved from one generation to the next. Also, the paper highlights the new emerging technology, 5G, its architecture, features, and applications.
Shape Memory Alloys and their Thermal Characteristics
Authors: Sundara Raman R.
Published: April 2022

The smart structures are sometimes called “intelligent” or “adaptive” structures, being a class of advanced structures having highly distributed actuators and sensors combined with structural functionality, distributed control functions and even computing architectures. The structures are able to vary their geometric configurations as well as their physical characteristics subject to control laws. These include piezoelectric, electrostrictives, magnetostrictives, ionic polymers, Shape Memory Alloys (SMA), and magnetic shape memory alloys (MSMAs). Development of smart structures involves the integration of active and passive material systems, often including the coupling of relevant mechanical, electrical, magnetic, thermal, or other physical properties. This can subject the active materials to large stress levels, cyclic loads, thermal loads, or environmental loads that result in non-linear responses and large variations in material properties. Smart materials are not only singular materials; rather, they are also hybrid composites or integrated systems of materials. Shape memory alloys (SMAs) are one of the major elements of smart hybrid composites because of their unique properties, such as shape memory effect, pseudo elasticity and high damping capacity. These properties in smart hybrid composites provide tremendous potential for creating new paradigms for material – structural interactions and demonstrate various successes in many engineering applications, such as vibration control, actuators in MEMS, and a variety of others.
Beverage Cans Crusher Machine Patents: A Review (Part III)
Authors: Elfasakhany Ashraf
Published: April 2022

One of the compulsory tasks for inventors of can crusher machine is to scan all previous designs/inventions. Such work is very hard as well as time consuming. The study here aims at summarizing the inventions for can crusher machines that introduced in the period from 1996 to 1999, e.g., about half a decade. The study introduces a brief summary of inventions with the design layout, however, a detailed description of inventions might be presented in a separate study. A total of 42 patents were covered in the covered time period. It is planned, in the next papers, to present the inventions for other time intervals.
Experimental Investigation on Performance of Vapor Compression Refrigeration System using Nanorefrigerant (R134a+Al2O3) with Evaporative Condenser
Authors: Raja Niraj N. , Khanderao Avinash D.
Published: April 2022

In traditional refrigeration system the focus of researchers is always to improve its performance by reducing work of compression & enhancing the heat transfer rate in different heat exchangers and this can be achieved by adopting suitable technique. In this research work experiment is carried out on vapor compression refrigeration test rig using nanorefrigerant of R134a as base refrigerant and nanoparticles of aluminium oxide Al2O3 in different concentration so that variation in heat transfer rate can be observed. The different concentration of Al2O3 (gm/litre) in R134a were prepared, studied, and tested experimentally in VCR test rig. The test rig consists of evaporative condenser as conventional air-cooled condenser does not perform well in hot and dry climatic conditions. This evaporative air cooling offers desired heat rejection rate in condenser at high pressure and enhances system performance. The investigations show that nano refrigerant (R134a+ Al2O3 0.5gm/L Concentration & 50-60nm size) with evaporative condenser recorded the highest coefficient of performance among all other combination of nanorefrigerant. This indicates that nanorefrigerant can be safely experimented without any blockage or difficulty. The conventional VCR system operated with evaporative condenser without nanorefrigerant also shows improvement in performance compared to simple VCR with air cooled condenser. This system is suitable for hot and dry climate conditions.
Advanced Beverage Can Crusher Machines: A Review
Authors: Elfasakhany Ashraf
Published: April 2022

Beverage Can crushing machine is a device, which is used to compact scrap metal Cansinto small size ones, and, in turn, the Canswould be reused later as new products. Many designs for the Can crushers are applied for such compacting process, some simple and other complicated. This work presents a review study for the advanced or up to date beverage Can crusher machines. Several issues described new designs for the advanced Cans crushing processes are presented in the current study.
Automatic Detection and Characterization of Weld Defects Using CNN Algorithm in Machine Learning
Authors: Ramesh Krishnan S.
Published: April 2022

Conventional radiographic technique uses visual inspection of scanned output for defect detection. This makes the inline testing of products time consuming and hectic. Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) algorithm in machine learning can be used for the automation of defect detection in radiography thereby reducing human intervention and associated delays. By the use of robotics the welding parameters can be adjusted and the issue of welding defects can be resolved. By combining the two, the defect detection process can be modified into a digital manufacturing process. A dataset created from radiography test data is used for training the algorithm and for writing a program to train this dataset which can be used for defect detection and its  characterization.
Effect of Hybrid Controller on a Heat Exchanger for Enhancing Heat Transfer Rate of Al2O3 Nanofluid
Authors: Vivekananthan R.
Published: April 2022

In this research paper, a hybrid controller is designed and developed which maintains the outlet temperature of a shell and tube heat exchanger by varying the cold water flow rate in such a way that conform the desired set value. Al2O3 nanofluid is mixed with water is to be used as the cooling fluid to increase the rate of heat transfer. PID controller only is not suitable for precise and a wide range of temperature control requirement. So that hybrid controller is designed and implemented by combining methods of fuzzy logic and PID controller’s concepts using Labview. Experiments were done on parallel flow shell and tube heat exchanger in a closed cycle system. The performance of the heat exchanger system is improved by a hybrid controller and the heat transfer rate is enhanced by aluminum oxide nanofluid.