bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Performance of lucerne (Medicago sativa) under semi-arid ecosystem of Central Gujarat
Authors: KHADDA B S , LATA KANAK , KUMAR RAJ , JADAV J K , RAI A K
Published: September 2023

The present study was conducted to popularize the improved green fodder production technology in Panchmahals district of Central Gujarat. Constraints in lucerne (Medicago sativa L.) production were identified through participatory approach. Preferential ranking technique was utilized to identify the constraints faced by the farmers in lucerne production. The results revealed that lack of suitable HYVs, scarcity of irrigation water, weed (Cuscuta spp.) infestation and lack of technical knowledge were found to be the four most important factors responsible for the non-adoption of HYVs of lucerne in Panchmahals district of Gujarat. The yield of green fodder from lucerne in demonstrated variety Anand 2 was 610 q/ha as compared to local check (395 q/ha). The percentage increase in the yield over local check was computed to be 54.43.Results of study on economic analysis of the yield performance revealed that the front line demonstrations (Anand 2) recorded higher gross returns (Rupees 91 500/ha) and net return (Rupees 64 500/ha) with higher benefit cost ratio (3.39) as compared to local check (2.61). Mean difference with respect to farmersâ€™ knowledge level after implementation of frontline demonstrations increased with the tune of 37.20. The impact of frontline demonstrations was also analyzed which had reflected significant improvement in knowledge and satisfaction level on the part of farmers.
Effect of conservation agriculture practices on productivity and sustainability of pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan)-wheat (Triticum aestivum) cropping system in Indo-Gangetic plains of India
Authors: SEPAT SEEMA , SHARMA A R , KUMAR DINESH , DAS T K
Published: September 2023

A long term field experiment was conducted at Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi during 2008-09 to 2011-12 on a sandy loam soil to study the effect of tillage and crop establishment techniques, and residue management practices on pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan L.) - wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cropping system. Results indicated that zero tillage-raised bed (ZT-B), zero tillage-flat bed (ZT-F) and conventional tillage-raised bed (CT-B) influenced pods/plant, spikes/m2 and grains/spike in pigeonpea and wheat crop. Grain yield of pigeonpea and wheat in zero tillage was 5.4 and 2.47 % higher over conventional tillage, respectively. ZT-F had higher system productivity, net returns and benefit:cost ratio, but ZT-B had higher wheat equivalent yield (WEY). Among all the practices, system yield and net returns were lowest in conventional tillage-flat bed (CT-F). Application of residue gave 14.32 and 34.39 % higher pigeonpea and wheat grain yield, respectively, over the no residue. System productivity, WEY and sustainable yield index (SYI) also increased in combined use of pigeonpea+wheat residue @ 3 tonnes/ha over no residue application. Zero tillage with combined application of residue @ 3 tonnes/ha improved productivity and sustainability of the system. Similar net returns were gained with pigeonpea + wheat residue @ 3 tonnes/ha (Rupees 84,500) and sole pigeonpea residue @ 3 tonnes/ha (Rupees 84 200) application, but net B:C ratio was higher with pigeonpea residue @ 3 tonnes/ha (2.68) than pigeonpea + wheat residue @ 3 tonnes/ha (2.55) application.
Evaluation of cucumber (Cucumis sativus) germplasm for agronomic traits and disease resistance and estimation of genetic variability
Authors: RANJAN PRAGYA , GANGOPADHYAY K K , BAG MANAS KUMAR , ROY ANIRBAN , SRIVASTAVA R , BHARDWAJ R , DUTTA M
Published: September 2023

The material used in the present study is of diverse nature and can be used in the breeding programme for development of improved genotypes in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.). The unique accessions identified in this study can be useful as genetic stocks. The superior genotypes for fruit trait variability combined with disease resistance may assist the breeders in identifying populations with desired traits for inclusion in crop improvement programme.
Characterization and analysis of genetic diversity among different species of rose (Rosa species) using morphological and molecular markers
Authors: RAI HENUKA , RAJU D V S , M B ARUN KUMAR , JANAKIRAM T , NAMITA NAMITA , KRISHNAN S GOPALA , RANA J C
Published: September 2023

The present studies were undertaken to find out genetic diversity among twenty three genotypes of rose (Rosa species) using morphological and Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. Morphological characterization was done for 16 different morphological traits and genetic diversity of rose species based on morphological characters was determined using Jaccard’s pair wise similarity coefficient. R.damascena var. Rani Sahiba and R. moschata showed highest diversity. Molecular characterization was carried out using 50 random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) primers, out of which 26 produced 168 polymorphic fragments. Analysis of genetic similarity based on Jaccard’s pair wise similarity coefficient showed that R. moschata and R. tomentosa has the highest similarity. There was good concurrence between morphological and molecular characterization with considerable diversity in R. damascena. R. damascena var. Rani Sahiba and R. damascena var. Himroz have shown divergence from R. damascena var. Jwala. The members of the Section Indicae; R. indica var. odorata, R. indica major, R. chinensis viridiflora and R. bourboniana were also grouped together by molecular characterization. Kakinada rose, a local variety of South India was found to cluster with R. damascena var. Himroz through both morphological and molecular characterization. Both morphological and molecular analysis showed a high degree of variation in the rose germplasm which is an invaluable source of genetic diversity for rose improvement.
Impact of simulated rainfall on persistence of fungicides used against late blight (Phytophthora infestans) of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum)
Authors: RANI RITU , SHARMA VINEET K , KUMAR PARDEEP , MOHAN C
Published: September 2023

Persistence of mancozeb 75%WP and metalaxyl 8%+mancozeb 64 %WP fungicides was studied on tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) leaves with respect to different simulated rain amounts (0, 5, 10 and 15mm) after different number of days (0, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10) after fungicidal spray. Rainfall applied immediately after fungicidal spray removed fungicides from the leaf surface resulting in higher disease severity. As rain amount increased from 5 to 15 mm, disease was also increased in both the test fungicides. In case of metalaxyl 8%+mancozeb 64 %WP @ 0.25 per cent, disease severity was less as compared to the mancozeb 75%WP @ 0.25 per cent. The delaying of rainfall by 2 days after fungicidal spray resulted in significant reduction in disease severity in case of metalaxyl 8%+mancozeb 64%WP sprayed tomato plants. Metalaxyl 8%+mancozeb 64%WP being a systemic fungicide was absorbed into the system of the plant. However, this was not true in case of mancozeb 75%WP sprayed tomato plants. Since, mancozeb 75 %WP a non systemic fungicide was washed with the application of rain.
FINANCIAL BEHAVIOR WITH A CASE-BASED APPROACH ON Y GENERATION MSMEs FOR SUSTAINABLE FINANCE
Authors: Liliek Nur Sulistiyowati  , Ririh Anggraini Setyahety  , Anisa Pratiwi  , Yusuf Bachtiar
Published: September 2023

In SMEs, financial decisions are largely governed by the attitude of the owner-manager. Owner-managers have a very dominant role in making financial decisions for their business. Having financial literacy skills allows MSME actors to be able to make informed decisions about their funds and minimize mistakes in financial matters. This study tries to analyze financial behavior with a case-based approach to generation Y MSME actors for sustainable finance by using tests of qualitative factors that influence financial decision-making in MSME actors. The analysis technique used in this study uses a qualitative method. Data collection was done using in-depth interviews with Generation Y MSME actors in Madiun City. The resulting research results show that MSMEs have recorded financial reports, even in their simplest form. MSMEs generally only record sales transactions and purchase transactions of goods and calculate MSME business profits. MSMEs have not made a separation between MSME business accounts and the personal accounts of MSME owners. MSMEs have not carried out budget planning when running MSME businesses. The main problem for MSME businesses is the lack of capital for business development.
Correction of Acute Magnesium Deficiency in Oil Palm on a Sedentary Inland Soil in Indonesia
Authors: Sidhu Manjit , Hasyim Abdul , Rambe Eny Fithri , Sinuraya Zulkasta , Aziz Abdul , Sharma Mukesh
Published: September 2023

A 32 factorial fertiliser trial was established in a farmers cooperative on 10-year-old oil palm displaying symptoms of acute magnesium (Mg) deficiency. The main objective was to determine the optimum fertiliser dosage, frequency of fertiliser application and the time period required for complete correction of observed deficiency. Detailed two monthly marking of chlorotic palm fronds indicated that chlorosis due to Mg deficiency was irreversible. Application of kieserite did not result in "re-greening" or recovery. In most cases, chlorotic tissue continued to deteriorate over time and ultimately become necrotic. Mg deficient palms continue to display new symptoms even up to 36 months after Mg fertiliser application. However, a significant decline in the number of fronds per palm displaying new symptoms occurs as early as 6 months after treatment (MAT) and by 16 MAT, majority of fertilised palms exhibit only moderate to light symptoms of Mg deficiency. At 36 MAT, majority of symptoms were in the light category restricted to slight chlorosis of a few pinnae per frond. Correction of Mg deficiency is a slow process. A single round is ineffective, even when very high rates (up to 6.0 kg/palm) are applied. Multiple rounds are required for complete recovery and the process may take up to three years. In view of the high potassium (K) status of Mg deficient palms, it may be necessary to stop potassic (MOP) fertiliser inputs for one or two years to facilitate quicker recovery. Keywords: Kieserite, magnesium deficiency, oil palm.
Benchmarking Yield for Sustainable Intensification of Oil Palm Production in Indonesia Using PALMSIM
Authors: Hoffmann M P , Donough C , Oberthur T , Castaneda Vera A , Van Wijk M T , Lim C H , Asmono D , Samosir Y , Lubis A P , Moses D S , Whitbread A M
Published: September 2023

The physiological oil palm growth model PALMSIM can be used to estimate yield ceilings that provide benchmarks for sustainable intensification of oil palm production, either by expansion of cultivation to degraded sites or by increasing production from areas under cultivation. This is demonstrated using two case studies. In the first case study, PALMSIM estimates of water-limited yield for Kalimantan was overlaid onto a recently published map showing degraded sites potentially suitable for oil palm cultivation. A large proportion (35.6%; or 115,300 km2) of the identified areas fell into the potential productivity range of 35 to 40 tonnes FFB per hectare. In the second case study, PALMSIM was used to estimate potential yield for six plantation sites in Indonesia where best management practices (BMP) were assessed for yield intensification by the International Plant Nutrition Institute (IPNI) Southeast Asia Program (SEAP) and its collaborating plantation partners. Potential yields are generally higher in Sumatra than in Kalimantan due to higher solar radiation. Water deficit was a problem at two sites. The gap between water-limited yield and actual yield differs from location to location, and therefore requires a site-specific analysis. In these two case studies, the scope for sustainable intensification at regional and at plantation level was explored in a quantitative manner - a novel approach to oil palm production. Keywords: PALMSIM, oil palm intensification, yield benchmarking.
CALCULATING GHG EMISSION IN OIL PALM USING PALMGHG
Authors:   PT Musim Mas, GAN LIAN TIONG , HENRY CAI
Published: September 2023

Accounting for potential greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from palm oil production is essential to demonstrate how responsible palm oil production can be carried out. The potential sources of GHG emission that result directly from new plantings of oil palm and sources of emissions from oil palm growing and production are enumerated. The cumulative impact, which affects the final carbon balance in oil palm agriculture, is quantified. The analysis helps to identify GHG emission hotspots so that mitigation plans can be developed and implemented. The aim is to minimise GHG emission that may result from oil palm development and production. Keyword: Oil palm, GHG emission, PalmGHG, emission hotspots, LCA.
PALM OIL AND HUMAN BREAST MILK: FAT DISTRIBUTION AND CHOLESTEROL CONTENT
Authors:   Applied Agricultural Resources Sdn Bhd, GOH MS , GOH K J
Published: September 2023

As palm oil is naturally high in palmitic acid, there is often the tendency to associate it with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). On the other hand, human breast milk which shares similar fatty acid composition with palm oil is regarded as an impeccable food for babies. This irony becomes more glaring when we consider the high sn-2 palmitic acid in human breast milk which enhances its absorption into the blood stream (about 3. 7 times than that in palm oil). Nevertheless, new scientific findings have now debunked the myth that CVDs are associated with palm oil or saturated fats such as palmitic acid. Moreover, there is a strong, negative correlation between saturated fats in vegetable oils and plant cholesterols implying that their consumption will reduce plant cholesterol intake. Keywords: Palm oil, human breast milk, cholesterol, fatty acid.
BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR DIVERSIFICATION AND IMPROVED RESILIENCE OF THE OIL PALM
Authors:   Malaysian Palm Oil Board, ABD MANAF MOHAMAD ARIF , ABANG MASLI DAYANG IZAWATI , RAMLI ZUBAIDAH , MAT YUNUS ABDUL MASANI , MOHAMMED SAFIZA , LIM FOOK HWA , ABDUL WAHAB NURNIWALIS , ABDUL RASID OMAR , SAMBANTHAMURTHI RAVIGADEVI , AHMAD PARVEEZ GHULAM KADIR
Published: September 2023

Oil palm is one of the most important crops in Malaysia and has brought about significant economic and social development to the country. Nevertheless, there are major drawbacks and challenges faced by the industry such as shrinking availability of arable land, labour issues, and pest and disease. This has forced the industry to be more proactive by increasing yield and venturing into synthesis of higher value products. Besides conventional breeding which has made a lot of contributions, biotechnology has been identified as one of the tools to overcome the mentioned challenges. Oil palm biotechnology, especially genetic modification, began more than three decades ago leveraging multidisciplinary research including biochemistry of lipid biosynthesis, isolation of useful genes and promoters and finally genetic transformation. The main target of MPOB’s oil palm genetic modification effort is to produce palms with higher oleic acid content. Other targets are synthesising palmitoleic acid and ricinoleic acid, increasing stearic acid and lycopene (carotenoid) content and production of biodegradable plastics. Biotechnological research also targets towards better understanding the pathogen biology and disease epidemiology for implementing disease management programmes. In the area of disease management, especially for Ganoderma species, study on plant pathogenesis and plant-microbe interaction is also being carried out. Significant achievements have resulted from biochemical studies, isolation and characterisation of important oil palm genes and promoters. Furthermore, transformation of constructs with various targetted products into oil palm embryogenic calli was successfully carried out while the regeneration of transgenic oil palm harbouring the useful genes is in progress. Towards developing oil palm with pest and disease tolerance, efforts have been initiated to understand the oil palm defence mechanisms. Several differentially expressed defence-related genes governing the interaction of the plant pathogen and oil palm have been identified. Besides understanding the oil palm system, research into the pathogen Ganoderma including identification of pathogen strains, developing various markers and data mining of fungal genome sequences have been conducted. Keywords: Genetic modification, promoters, lipid biosynthesis,carotenoid, Ganoderma.
ADVANCES IN OIL PALM BREEDING: ISSUES AND CHALLENGES
Authors:   Felda Global Ventures Research & Development Sdn Bhd, LEAO LING JIUN , KWAN YEN YEN
Published: September 2023

Oil palm is the most efficient oil-bearing crop. However, its breeding cycle per generation requires at least a decade of meticulous work. In Malaysia, land under oil palm cultivation has increased by more than 50 per cent over the past 20 years. Price fluctuation in crude palm oil and fertiliser, further shrinkage of arable land and extreme labour shortage have propelled the demand for good quality planting materials as well as good crop management. Breeding plays a crucial role in providing good quality planting materials to boost the production of a crop. The first essential step in oil palm breeding is to choose a good parental combination that has high probability of generating offsprings with desired characteristics. Oil palm breeding requires massive resources. Field trials require large areas for extensive progeny testing to estimate their breeding values. Moreover, data collection of yield records, bunch analysis, and vegetative measurements, is labour-intensive. Since a breeder has limited control over environmental factors that affect genetic response, it is important for selection to be conducted on limited superior parents to achieve manageable populations in order to generate good quality materials. Breeders have been selecting palms based on their visible or measurable traits. Segregation occurs among offsprings as a result of the separation of the allele pairs encoding desired traits in each parent during the formation of reproductive cells. Therefore, selection may be imperfect as genotypic selection is largely overlooked. Hence, palms with visible desirable agronomic trait will be retained whereas crosses with good genetic diversity may be discarded. Phenotyping is a crucial step in generating information required by breeders to make selection. However, conventional phenotyping is labour-intensive, time-consuming and costly. Advancement in geo-informatics and imaging techniques allows high-throughput non-destructive phenotype data collection for quantitative studies of complex traits. Application of these technologies in oil palm breeding will accelerate the introduction of improved planting materials in a shorter time. Keywords: Oil palm, breeding, phenotyping, technology application, biotechnology.
Kedudukan Legalitas Kependudukan Warga Negara: Studi Kasus Penduduk Ilegal di Kampung Baru, Malaysia
Authors: Septiayu Restu Wulandari  , Miftah Wangsadanuredja  , Titin Sunaryati  , Ika Juhriati  , Jonathan Marojahan
Published: September 2023

Setiap warga negara memiliki hak dan kewajiban yang telah diatur dalam undang undang termasuk perihal memilih dan memiliki kewarganegaraan yang syaratnya diatur dalam undang undang. Kepemilikan kewargengaraan bertujuan untuk melindungi hak dan kewajiban warga negara dimanapun warga negara itu berada, baik di dalam maupun diluar negeri. Adanya warga negara yang tidak memiliki legalitas kewarganegaraan merupakan permasalahan yang ternyata menjadi sorotan dan memiliki akibat yang serius. Banyak yang mengaku sebagai warga negara namun tidak memiliki legalitas kewarganegaraan bahkan bisa berdomisili di luar negara tersebut sehingga menimbulkan akibat hukum yang negatif. Ini juga berdampak pada hubungan antar negara, termasuk pada terjadinya perkawinan campuran antar negara. Banyak yang mengaku masyarakat Indonesia kemudian tinggal di luar Indonesia yakni Kampung Baru Malaysia namun tidak memiliki kewarganegaraan. Hal ini berdampak masyarakat tersebut tidak bisa kembali atau keluar dari negara lain dan tidak bisa mendapatkan perlindungan sesuai dengan peraturan perundang-undangan. Selain itu, kewarganegaraan juga dapat berdampak pada adanya perkawinan campuran antar warga negara yang berdampak pada kedudukan hukum anak.
COMENTÁRIOS SOBRE AS ORIGENS FILOSÓFICAS E IMPLICAÇÕES DO NEGACIONISMO
Authors: Francisco Caruso  , Adílio Jorge Marques
Published: September 2023

Procura-se identificar algumas das origens históricas do negacionismo, dando ênfase aos seus aspectos filosóficos. Apresenta-se uma revisão de alguns conceitos basilares como os de verdade e episteme, destacando o quanto foram importantes na História das Ideias e na Filosofia Ocidental. Analisa-se, ainda que de forma resumida, o aspecto social da questão, por meio da compreensão da mudança do sujeito e suas relações de trabalho ao longo da História, principalmente no período pós-industrial. Por fim, discute-se a práxis negacionista, destacando suas principais influências filosóficas e consequências.
CONTRIBUIÇÕES PARA A COMPREENSÃO DO NEGACIONISMO CIENTÍFICO A PARTIR DA TEORIA ATOR-REDE: O ESTUDO DE UMA COMUNIDADE ANTIVACINA NO FACEBOOK
Authors: Gabriel Menezes Viana  , Rodolfo Dias de Araújo  , Francisco Ângelo Coutinho
Published: September 2023

Neste artigo, apresentamos parte de um estudo realizado em um grupo aberto do Facebook de negacionistas das vacinas. Com referenciais teóricos pautados na Teoria AtorRede (ANT) e nos estudos de Bruno Latour, Anne-Marie Mol e John Law, tivemos o objetivo de mapear os processos de atuação e de construção de realidades de um grupo de negacionistas da vacina. Além da ANT, nossas orientações metodológicas estiveram pautadas também na Análise de Rede Social (ARS). Assim, investigamos posts e o conteúdo dos comentários produzidos por membros da comunidade entre os meses de março e abril de 2021. Nossos resultados indicam que os participantes dessa comunidade antivacina produzem realidades em que se observam movimentos de ataque e de defesa contra a ciência. Diante disso, sugerimos que também nos posicionemos diante desta guerra em prol da defesa da ciência, dos cientistas, do conhecimento científico, assim como da democracia e da composição de um bom mundo comum.
The effect of smoking cessation on the development of weight gain in patients
Authors: Lahoda Daria
Published: September 2023

The link between smoking and obesity is complex and not fully understood, and published studies have produced conflicting results. The increase in MT associated with smoking cessation is largely due to an increase in energy intake and a decrease in energy expenditure. By design, 68 patients who planned to quit smoking participated in the study. The study was conducted within the framework of the social project "Diabetes and overweight school" of the city health center in the city of Odesa. According to the study design, all patients were ready to quit smoking. when dividing patients into groups, we had an equal distribution of anthropometric indicators and indicators of body composition. The average value among the examined patients corresponds to the diagnosis of "excess body weight" (Overweight). The patients were divided into groups according to their willingness to implement certain changes in their daily life. After making changes during the observation period, the patients of the main group acquired changes, namely BMI changed from 27.80±1.72 kg/m2 to 26.90±0.59 kg/m2, the percentage of body fat decreased from 32.55±1 .05% by 30.01±0.51% (р<0.05) and the level of visceral fat from 11.66±0.98 to 10.11±0.76 UA. In addition, the patients of the main group increased the percentage of muscle mass from 30.11±0.69% to 31.34±0.59% during the 3 months of observation. Patients of the main group had positive dynamics according to the SF-36 questionnaire during observation, the most positive changes were noted in the parameters of: physical functioning (PF) from 59.12±1.31 points to 64.11±1.46 (р<0.05 ); general state of health (GH) from 62.19±2.83 to 68.15±2.46; vital activity (VT) from 58.92±1.72 to 65.56±1.29 points (р<0.05); role functioning due to emotional state (RE) 62.91±2.81 to 67.49±2.15 points. Other indicators also had positive dynamics, but not so significant.
Klinik olmayan örneklemde evlilik uyumunun erişkinlerde görülen dikkat eksikliği ve hiperaktivite bozukluğu belirtileri ve çocukluk çağı ruhsal travma düzeyleri ile ilişkisi
Authors: ARZ Cemile Esinç , PUR KARABULUT İpek Güzide , SAKMAR Elçin
Published: September 2023

Bu çalışmada evli bireylerin, evlilik uyumu ile erişkinlerde görülen Dikkat Eksikliği ve Hiperaktivite Bozukluğu (DEHB) belirtileri ve çocukluk çağı ruhsal travma düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Bu amaçla, çocukluk çağı ruhsal travma ile evlilik uyumu arasındaki ilişkide erişkin DEHB belirtilerinin aracı rolü test edilmiştir. Araştırmaya Türkiye’de yaşayan, 22-61 yaş arasında, en az lise mezunu, ilk evliliği olan, en az bir yıldır resmi nikâhlı 301 birey (164 kadın, 137 erkek) katılmıştır. Çalışmada veri toplamak için Demografik Bilgi Formu, Çift Uyum Ölçeği (ÇUÖ), Erişkin Dikkat Eksikliği ve Hiperaktivite Bozukluğu Kendi Bildirim Ölçeği (EDEHB) ve Çocukluk Çağı Ruhsal Travma Ölçeği (ÇRTÖ) kullanılmıştır. Analizlerde Spearman Korelasyon Analizi ve aracı değişken için yapılan regresyon analizinde Hayes’in geliştirdiği “PROCESS” makro eklentisi kullanılmıştır. Yapılan analizlerde, erişkin DEHB belirtileri ile çocukluk çağı ruhsal travma düzeyleri arasında pozitif, erişkin DEHB belirtileri ile evlilik uyumu düzeyleri arasında negatif ve çocukluk çağı ruhsal travma ile evlilik uyumu düzeyleri arasında negatif yönde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki belirlenmiştir. Çocukluk çağı ruhsal travma ile evlilik uyumu arasındaki ilişkide erişkin DEHB belirtilerinin aracı rolü bulunduğu saptanmıştır. Çalışmada bulunan sonuçların genel olarak alanyazınla tutarlı olduğu görülmüş, bulgular alanyazın çerçevesinde tartışılmıştır.
Economic Empowerment Of Boarding Schools
Authors: Irhas Irhas , Zaki M. , Aziz Ahmad Amir
Published: September 2023

As an integral part of society, Islamic boarding schools have the responsibility to empower and develop society in all fields, including in the economic field. This study aims to capture Islamic boarding schools' economic potential and empowerment opportunities. Collecting data in the preparation of this article using qualitative methods with library research and content study approaches. The results of the study show that the requirements that need to be met by Islamic boarding schools in development programs based on economic empowerment are: (1) Economic activities must comply with management principles and can provide benefits to Islamic boarding schools and the community; (2) Implemented by the Islamic boarding school together with the community; (3) Developing a joint business that can be managed by students and/or alumni; and (4) Involve the surrounding community to help each other in building solidarity, including the involvement of advanced local communities.
Anticipation of Embargo Sanctions in Implementing National Defence
Authors: Pasaribu Charles , Saputro Guntur Eko , Prakoso Lukman Yudho
Published: September 2023

In terms of cooperation for warfare equipment and other military needs, Indonesia relies on suppliers from abroad, and this continuously impacts the country's needs. If an embargo is imposed on the country, it will pose a significant challenge to national defense, thus requiring anticipation of embargo sanctions in terms of national defense. The research methodology employed in this study is qualitative, based on an in-depth understanding and focused on Anticipating Embargo Sanctions in Implementing National Defense. The steps to be taken in anticipating embargo sanctions from other countries include not relying solely on one country or bloc for cooperation in the field of national defense and military needs. It is necessary to consider collaboration with other blocs worldwide. The country should also strive for self-sufficiency in military equipment needs, fostering innovation, and manufacturing military equipment domestically. There should no longer be dependence on other countries for military equipment.
Feasibility and Swot Analysis of Upland Rice Farming in Cingkes, Simalungun, Indonesia
Authors: Saragi Cyprianus P.H , Sitohang Maryanti , Aulia Muhammad Reza
Published: September 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine the farmers' production costs for upland rice farming per hectare in one year, to find out the net income earned by farmers from upland rice farming per hectare in one year, knowing how feasible upland rice farming is, and knowing how upland rice farming strategies are in the research area. the research location was determined purposively (deliberately). The data analysis method used is descriptive analysis, farming feasibility analysis, and SWOT analysis. The results showed that the average production cost of upland rice farming in the study area was Rp. 6,786,522/ha/year, the average income of upland rice farming was Rp. 15,7985,000/ha/year, and the average net income of IDR 9,008,478/ha/year. The feasibility of farming or the R/C ratio in the research area is 2.3, this indicates that upland rice farming is feasible to cultivate. in Cingkes Village, Dolok Silau District, Simalungun Regency is feasible to cultivate. The strategy for developing upland rice farming in the research area can be done by increasing the role of farmer groups, and increasing upland rice productivity
Sensitivity enhanced glucose sensing by return-path Mueller matrix ellipsometry
Authors: Chen Chia-Wei , Hartrumpf Matthias , Längle Thomas , Beyerer Jürgen
Published: September 2023

Diabetes is a worldwide public health problem. According to the survey of the Robert Koch Institute, in Germany, at least 7.2 percent population (aged between 18 to 79 years) have diabetes. Therefore, the demand for glucose monitoring is increasing, especially for non-invasive glucose monitoring technology. In this work, we proposed a novel method to enhance the sensitivity of glucose monitoring by return-path ellipsometry with a quarter-wave plate and mirror. The coaxial design improves the sensitivity and reduces the complexity of optical system alignment by means of a fixed quarter-wave plate. The proposed system showed higher sensitivity compared to the transmission configuration.
Material Characterization using a Compact Computed Tomography Imaging Spectrometer with Super-resolution Capability
Authors: Amann Simon , Mel Mazen , Zanuttigh Pietro , Haist Tobias , Kamm Markus , Gatto Alexander
Published: September 2023

Computed Tomography Imaging Spectrometer (CTIS) systems are snapshot hyperspectral imaging devices capable of capturing dense spectra of static as well as dynamic scenes. A three-dimensional hyperspectral cube is smeared across the spatial dimension via Diffractive Optical Element (DOE) and projected across multiple angles forming a two-dimensional compressed sensor image. In this paper we demonstrate material characterization and classification capability of a compact CTIS system leveraging spectral signatures. Then we propose an approach to simultaneously reconstruct and segment into regions corresponding to different materials hyperspectral images with enhanced spatial resolution from CTIS sensor measurements.
Imaging radar systems for non-destructive material testing : An overview of the state of the art, the limitations and the opportunities of radar technology
Authors: Nüßler Dennis , Leuchs Sven , Krebs Christian
Published: September 2023

Radar systems have been used for over 100 years to measure distances and angular positions accurately. Radar systems benefit from relatively long wavelengths, which means that most absorption and scattering mechanisms do not have a relevant influence on the propagation conditions of the emitted electromagnetic waves. As a result, radar systems were and are used primarily for measurements under poor environmental conditions. Today, we usually find applications that work with waves in the meter to millimeter wave range. Especially in the millimeter wave range, the influence of the atmosphere can no longer be neglected. Communication systems, in particular, with their need for large bandwidths, are driving the development of components in the millimeter wave range, thus opening up further fields of application. In this context, imaging radar systems are increasingly important in various application areas. This paper will look at the possible applications in industrial process monitoring [1] [2] [3] [4] [5]. The monitoring of production processes benefits from the phenomenon’s importance that many non-conductive materials are partially transparent to an electromagnetic wave. Radar systems thus allow a view below the surface and can therefore measure the material thickness of, e.g. plastics in extruders. This paper will investigate the advantages and disadvantages of radar technologies and procedures and their suitability for use in production lines.
Detecting Tar Contaminated Samples in Road-rubble using Hyperspectral Imaging and Texture Analysis
Authors: Bäcker Paul , Maier Georg , Gruna Robin , Längle Thomas , Beyerer Jürgen
Published: September 2023

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) containing tar-mixtures pose a challenge for recycling road rubble, as the tar containing elements have to be extracted and decontaminated for recycling. In this preliminary study, tar, bitumen and minerals are discriminated using a combination of color (RGB) and Hyperspectral Short Wave Infrared (SWIR) cameras. Further, the use of an autoencoder for detecting minerals embedded inside tar- and bitumen mixtures is proposed. Features are extracted from the spectra of the SWIR camera and the texture of the RGB images. For classification, linear discriminant analysis combined with a k-nearest neighbor classification is used. First results show a reliable detection of minerals and positive signs for separability of tar and bitumen. This work is a foundation for developing a sensor-based sorting system for physical separation of tar contaminated samples in road rubble.
Semi-supervised methods for CNN based classification of multispectral imagery
Authors: Bihler Manuel , Zhou Jiachen , Heizmann Michael
Published: September 2023

Deep Convolutional neuronal networks, with their recent increase in performance, have become one of the standard techniques for RGB image classification. Due to a lack of large labeled datasets, this is not the case for multispectral image classification. To overcome this, we analyze the use of semi-supervised learning for the case of multispectral datasets. We use parameter reduction strategies to create small and efficient multispectral CNNs and combine these computationally efficient classifiers with semi-supervised learning methods. We choose the state-of-the-art semi-supervised methods MixMatch, ReMix-Match, FixMatch, and FlexMatch, to conduct experiments on the multispectral dataset EuroSAT. Additionally, we challenge this semi-supervised multispectral approach with a decreasing number of labeled images. We found that with only 15 labeled images per class, we can reach an accuracy above 80 %. If more labeled images are provided, the analyzed semi-supervised methods can even surpass basic supervised learning strategies.
Regression-based Age Prediction of Plastic Waste using Hyperspectral Imaging
Authors: Kronenwett Felix , Klingenberg Pia , Maier Georg , Längle Thomas , Metzsch-Zilligen Elke , Beyerer Jürgen
Published: September 2023

In order to enable high quality recycling of polypropylene (PP) plastic, additional classification and separation into the degree of degradation is necessary. In this study, different PP plastic samples were produced and degraded by multiple extrusion and thermal treatment. Using near infrared spectroscopy, the samples were examined and regression models were trained to predict the degree of aging. The models of the multiple extruded samples showed high accuracy, despite only minor spectral changes. The accuracy of the models of the thermally aged samples varied with the design of the training set due to the non-linear aging process, but showed sufficient accuracy in prediction.
Self-supervised Pretraining for Hyperspectral Classification of Fruit Ripeness
Authors: Varga Leon Amadeus , Frank Hannah , Zell Andreas
Published: September 2023

The ripeness of fruit can be measured in a non-destructive way using hyperspectral imaging (HSI) and deep learning methods. However, the lack of labeled data samples limits hyperspectral image classification. This work explores self-supervised learning (SSL) as pretraining for HSI classification of fruit ripeness. Three state-of-the-art SSL methods, Sim-CLR, SimSiam, and Barlow Twins are implemented, and augmentation techniques for HSI are developed. A 3D-2D hybrid convolutional network is proposed to support the pretraining procedure. This model is evaluated against a ResNet-18 and a HS-CNN. The pretraining is evaluated on the fruit ripeness prediction task using the proposed second version of the DeepHS fruit data set. Besides comparing the classification performance of the pretrained models to only supervised training, the influence of the model architecture and size, pretraining method, and augmentations for SSL is investigated. This work shows that it is possible to transfer the ideas of SSL to HSI. It is possible to extract essential features in an unsupervised manner via this pretraining. Pretraining stabilizes classifier training and improves the classifier performance. Further, it can partially compensate for the need for large labeled data sets in HSI classification.
Usability evaluation study of Metaverse as a contactless counseling platform
Authors:   The Global Association of Applied Liberal Arts Studies, Park Jung Min , Kim Chae Hwa
Published: September 2023

The purpose of this study is to analyze the domestic Metaverse psychological counseling platform based on usability evaluation factors as a non-face-to-face counseling platform, and to suggest the possible development of the Metaverse platform in the future counseling scene. This study first examined the types of psychological counseling and metaverse, and analyzed two domestic metaverse psychological counseling platforms in terms of five usability evaluation factors: counselor support, interactivity, scalability, immersion, and ethical stability. Based on the analysis, we identified the benefits and limitations of the platforms and discussed the possibility of developing the Metaverse platform as a non-face-to-face counseling platform in the future. According to the analysis, the benefits of the Metaverse psychological counseling platform can be considered positive in terms of immersion and interaction, as privacy and anonymity are guaranteed. It also provides a safe environment for counseling participants, allowing them to experience healing by recreating traumatic scenes in the virtual world. In addition, in terms of scalability, we found that it can overcome geographical limitations by being independent of physical location. Limitations of the Metaverse psychological counseling platform include anonymity, which can lead to privacy issues, and the possibility that some clients may feel that counseling in the virtual world is an unrealistic experience. In addition, we found that accessibility gaps may occur due to the technical skills of platform users. Future research, regulations, and countermeasures should be fully considered to balance the benefits and limitations of these metaverse platforms and prepare appropriate countermeasures.
Appearance of ChatGPT and English Study
Authors:   The Global Association of Applied Liberal Arts Studies, Kang June
Published: September 2023

The purpose of this study is to examine the definition and characteristics of ChatGPT in order to present the direction of self-directed learning to learners, and to explore the possibility of meeting the learning purpose when applying ChatGPT to learning. If the learning utilization of ChatGPT meets its purpose, the direction and method that can be used for English learning using artificial intelligence were studied. In this study, first, the definition and technical characteristics of ChatGPT were examined, second, the utilization of artificial intelligence was mentioned, and third, the application of ChatGPT to English learning was described. First, ChatGPT is an artificial intelligence system that learns based on vast amounts of data and responds to given questions. Second, ChatGPT, released by OpenAI on November 30, 2022, has the weakness of giving false and errors in answers, and users have complained that ChatGPT's ability is not completely reliable. However, the undeniable fact is that artificial intelligence technology will develop, and the future will be used by most of humanity. Third, ChatGPT has many problems in plagiarism or imitation for answers and writing, and most educational institutions prohibit the use of ChatGPT. Despite these controversies, some argue that using ChatGPT as a learning assistant role can produce excellent learning outcomes. In particular, ChatGPT, which gives the most effective answer when using English as the main language, can help learning English, and can be used as a learning aid depending on the learner's ability. When using ChatGPT as a learning aid, it is expected that learners can lead self-directed learning and be interested in the learning environment, but it is necessary to pay attention to errors in ChatGPT when using it.
Alternativas de manejo intervencionista en el síndrome de Budd-Chiari. Serie de casos y revisión de la literatura
Authors: Sanín-Pérez Emilio , Vásquez-Montoya Juan David , Álvarez-Vallejo Sergio
Published: September 2023

La obstrucción en el tracto de salida del flujo venoso hepático, también conocida como síndrome de Budd-Chiari, es una condición infrecuente que causa congestión hepática, hipertensión portal, necrosis de los hepatocitos y, eventualmente, falla hepática aguda o crónica. Actualmente, el manejo de esta condición representa un reto para el médico, quien debe estar preparado para determinar la mejor alternativa entre las diferentes opciones terapéuticas disponibles. Este artículo pretende ilustrar las alternativas del manejo intervencionista de esta enfermedad, a través de una serie de casos de pacientes tratados en el servicio de Radiología Intervencionista de un hospital de referencia de la ciudad de Medellín, entre 2011 y 2017.
Desenlaces clínicos en pacientes con hepatopatía crónica, con o sin antecedente de trasplante hepático, hospitalizados por neumonía por SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Navarro-Beleño Kevin , López-Gutiérrez Laura Valentina , Villa-Gómez Cristian , Guzmán-Vargas Sofía , Correa-Vargas José
Published: September 2023

Introducción. La asociación entre SARS-CoV-2 y hepatopatías crónicas ha sido descrita mundialmente con cohortes que reportan hasta un 11 % de pacientes hospitalizados con cirrosis hepática o trasplante hepático. Datos publicados reportan un aumento de la mortalidad en este grupo de pacientes. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar los desenlaces de mortalidad, necesidad de estancia en UCI y de ventilación mecánica, en pacientes hospitalizados por neumonía por SARS-CoV-2 e historia de hepatopatía crónica, con o sin antecedente de trasplante hepático. Metodología. Se realizó un estudio de cohorte observacional retrospectivo en un centro de referencia en trasplante hepático, con pacientes adultos hospitalizados por COVID-19 y antecedente de hepatopatía crónica, trasplantados y no trasplantados. Resultados. Se incluyeron 100 pacientes, de ellos 42 pacientes (42 %) habían sido receptores de trasplante hepático. En el análisis al comparar trasplantados versus no trasplantados, se encontró mortalidad por cualquier causa 14 % versus 31 % (OR 0,37; IC95% 0,13-1,03), muerte por COVID-19 14 % versus 29 % (OR 0,52; IC95% 0,18-1,50), requerimiento de hospitalización en UCI 30 % versus 29 % (OR 1,48; IC95% 0,57-3,79) y ventilación mecánica 14 % versus 29 % (OR 1,53; IC95% 0,42-3,06), respectivamente. Conclusiones. Los resultados de este estudio sugieren que no hubo un incremento en el riesgo de mortalidad, necesidad de estancia en UCI o ventilación mecánica en los pacientes con antecedente de hepatopatía crónica, trasplantados y no trasplantados, que tenían neumonía por SARS-CoV-2.
Manifestaciones hepatobiliares asociadas a la enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal
Authors: Villalobos-Orozco Mervin W. , Bernal-Cuartas Carolina
Published: September 2023

La enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal (EII) engloba dos entidades, la enfermedad de Crohn (EC) y la colitis ulcerativa (CU), las cuales son enfermedades inmunomediadas, crónicas y recurrentes que, aunque afectan al intestino, pueden ir acompañadas de manifestaciones extraintestinales de tipo hepatobiliar en el 5 % de los casos. Entre ellas, las más frecuentes son la enfermedad por hígado graso no alcohólico (EHGNA), la colelitiasis, la colangitis esclerosante primaria (CEP), la colangitis relacionada con IgG4, la hepatitis autoinmune (HAI), el síndrome de superposición HAI/CEP, así como la lesión hepática inducida por fármacos (DILI); y otras menos frecuentes como la colangitis biliar primaria (CBP), la trombosis de la vena porta, los abscesos hepáticos, la hepatitis granulomatosa, las hepatitis B y C, la reactivación de la hepatitis B por terapia inmunosupresora, y la amiloidosis. Estas manifestaciones hepatobiliares cursan con una fisiopatología similar o inclusive la misma de la EII, en la que participan el sistema inmune innato y adaptativo, alteración de la microbiota (disbiosis), permeabilidad intestinal, factores de riesgo genéticos (comunes para EII y manifestaciones hepatobiliares) y desencadenantes ambientales. La primera manifestación de un trastorno hepatobiliar es la alteración del perfil de función hepática, por lo que el abordaje diagnóstico se debe dirigir a evaluar y monitorizar las enzimas hepáticas y su asociación a algún patrón diferencial de alteración hepatocelular o colestásico, con el fin de tomar decisiones oportunas con respecto a la suspensión, indicación o modificación de algún medicamento, o cualquier otro abordaje que impida o retrase la evolución de la enfermedad hepatobiliar, y al mismo tiempo garantice el control de la EII, mejorando potencialmente el pronóstico de estos pacientes.
DIPLOMASI PUBLIK KOREA SELATAN MELALUI K-POP ERA MOON JAE IN
Authors: Timbuleng Citra Megawati , Hanan Djayadi
Published: September 2023

Pemerintah Korea Selatan sangat serius dalam meningkatkan citra dan menjalin hubungan internasional melalui diplomasi publik dan kebijakan luar negeri "for a global Korea". Kebijakan tersebut meliputi program Korean Wave yang mendukung teknologi seni, industri, dan pariwisata. Industri K-Pop merupakan bagian penting dari Korean Wave dan perkembangannya tidak bisa dipisahkan dari peran pemerintah. Krisis moneter global yang terjadi membuat pemerintah melihat potensi budaya Korea sebagai sektor pendukung ekonomi. Pada tahun 1998-2000, pemerintah Korea Selatan, agensi, dan perusahaan mempromosikan budaya Korea ke negara-negara seperti China, Jepang, dan Taiwan. Hasilnya, pada akhir tahun 2000-an, K-Pop dikenal secara global. Pemerintah memanfaatkan kesuksesan ini sebagai soft power dalam politik luar negeri. Pemerintah di era Moon Jae-In sangat aktif dalam pengembangan dan promosi budaya Korea, termasuk festival K-Pop internasional dan platform promosi seperti Korea Creative Content Agency (KOCCA). Keberhasilan ini diperkuat dengan pidato BTS di PBB pada 2018 yang menunjukkan pengaruh K-Pop bukan hanya dalam musik, tetapi juga dalam politik luar negeri.