bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Coupled Novel Green Element and Embedded Discrete Fracture Model for Simulation of Fluid Flow in Fractured Reservoir
Authors: Cheng Linsong , Du Xulin , Cao Renyi , Wang Zhikai , Shi Junjie
Published: July 2021

In this study, we present a hybrid model coupled with two-set nodes Green element method (GEM) and embedded discrete fracture model (EDFM) for capturing the effect of transient flow in inhomogeneous fractured porous media. GEM is an excellent advanced algorithm, which can solve nonlinear problems in heterogeneous media. That is also an obvious advantage of GEM against the original boundary element method (BEM). The novel GEM has double nodes of pressure and flux and it is an improvement of classical GEM, which has a second-order precision and fits for triangle structured grids. In the place of adopting the linear flow approximation for original EDFM, the interflows between local triangle matrix grids and fracture elements are derived using the novel GEM, which has higher accuracy than those in previous EDFMs. Consequently, the modified hybrid model can indeed calculate the pressure and flux distribution of transient flow in multifracture porous media. Three numerical cases are presented to show the practicability of our novel model which include (i) multistage fractured horizontal well, (ii) heterogeneous fractured porous media, and (iii) complex fracture networks (CFNs) in an unconventional reservoir.
Heme Oxygenase-1-Modified Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Combined with Normothermic Machine Perfusion Repairs Bile Duct Injury in a Rat Model of DCD Liver Transplantation via Activation of Peribiliary Glands through the Wnt Pathway
Authors: Tian Xuan , Cao Huan , Wu Longlong , Zheng Weiping , Yuan Mengshu , Li Xiang , Song Hongli , Shen Zhongyang
Published: July 2021

Livers from donors after circulatory death (DCD) are inevitably exposed to a longer warm ischemic period, which might increase the incidence of postoperative bile duct complications. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) have tissue repair properties. The present study was aimed at exploring the repair effect of heme oxygenase-1- (HO-1-) modified BMMSCs (HO-1/BMMSCs) combined with normothermic machine perfusion (NMP) on bile duct injury after DCD liver transplantation and at revealing the underlying mechanisms. Rat livers were exposed to in situ warm ischemia for 30 min; then, NMP was performed through the portal vein for 4 h with BMMSCs, HO-1/BMMSCs, or neither before implantation. Obvious bile duct histological damage and liver functional damage were observed postoperatively. In the group treated with HO-1/BMMSCs combined with NMP (HBP group), liver functions and bile duct histology were improved; meanwhile, cell apoptosis was reduced and cell proliferation was active. A large number of regenerative cells appeared at the injured site, and the defective bile duct epithelium was restored. Dilatation of peribiliary glands (PBGs), proliferation of PBG cells, high expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and increased proportion of bile duct progenitor cells with stem/progenitor cells biomarkers were observed. Blocking Wnt signaling significantly inhibited the repair effect of HO-1/BMMSCs on bile duct injury. In conclusion, HO-1/BMMSCs combined with NMP were relevant to the activation of biliary progenitor cells in PBGs which repaired bile duct injury in DCD liver transplantation via the Wnt signaling pathway. Proliferation and differentiation of PBG cells were involved in the renewal of the injured biliary epithelium.
Numerical Simulation of Fractional Zakharov–Kuznetsov Equation for Description of Temporal Discontinuity Using Projected Differential Transform Method
Authors: Lu Dianchen , Suleman Muhammad , Ul Rahman Jamshaid , Noeiaghdam Samad , Murtaza Ghulam
Published: July 2021

The core aim of this study is to propose a novel computational procedure, namely, Elzaki transform iterative method to work out two‐dimensional nonlinear time‐fractional Zakharov–Kuznetsov equation numerically. We execute the suggested iterative procedure on two models and results are presented graphically in the form of surface plot and absolute error is compared with the VIM and HPM to show that the method is more powerful than VIM and HPM and deduce that the offered numerical pattern is more efficient in simulating linear and nonlinear fractional order models.
Metabolic Screening of Cytotoxic T-cell Effector Function Reveals the Role of CRAC Channels in Regulating Lethal Hit Delivery
Authors: Slaats Jeroen , Dieteren Cindy E. , Wagena Esther , Wolf Louis , Raaijmakers Tonke K. , van der Laak Jeroen A. , Figdor Carl G. , Weigelin Bettina , Friedl Peter
Published: July 2021

Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) mediate cytotoxicity toward tumor cells by multistep cell–cell interactions. However, the tumor microenvironment can metabolically perturb local CTL effector function. CTL activity is typically studied in two-dimensional (2D) liquid coculture, which is limited in recapitulating the mechanisms and efficacy of the multistep CTL effector response. We here developed a microscopy-based, automated three-dimensional (3D) interface coculture model suitable for medium-throughput screening to delineate the steps and CTL effector mechanisms affected by microenvironmental perturbation. CTL effector function was compromised by deregulated redox homeostasis, deficient mitochondrial respiration, as well as dysfunctional Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ (CRAC) channels. Perturbation of CRAC channel function dampened calcium influx into CTLs, delayed CTL degranulation, and lowered the frequency of sublethal hits (i.e., additive cytotoxicity) delivered to the target cell. Thus, CRAC channel activity controls both individual contact efficacy and CTL cooperativity required for serial killing of target cells. The multistep analysis of CTL effector responses in 3D coculture will facilitate the identification of immune-suppressive mechanisms and guide the rational design of targeted intervention strategies to restore CTL effector function.
The Role of Preprocedure Screening of SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Tertiary Care Medical Center Analysis
Authors: Correia Catarina , Almeida Nuno , Figueiredo Pedro
Published: July 2021

Purpose: This study aimed to understand the prevalence of asymptomatic COVID-19 infection among patients undergoing endoscopic procedures at a tertiary care hospital. The results allow prediction of the magnitude of cases which this endoscopic service might witness in the next months and planning of future actions accordingly. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted in the gastroenterology department of a large urban tertiary care medical center from October 15, 2020, to November 15, 2020. In this institution, all patients proposed for endoscopic procedures under deep sedation must be submitted to reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) detection. These results were thoroughly reviewed. Results: In the 1-month period, a total of 833 different procedures were done in 833 patients admitted to the endoscopy unit. Of these, 167 (20%) were submitted to nasal swab for SARS-CoV-2. Only 1 (0.6%) was positive for this infection, and her procedure was postponed. This RT-PCR-positive patient was not symptomatic for CO­VID-19 infection at the time of preprocedure screening. She had no positive contacts for COVID-19 and had not traveled outside the country. Conclusion: We found that the proportion of patients proposed for an endoscopic intervention who were asymptomatic carriers of SARS-CoV-2 was low. However, only one fifth of patients were tested and, considering the proportion of 0.6%, it is reasonable to consider that exposure of healthcare workers and other patients can occur. So, all prevention measures must be strictly followed. However, the cost-benefit of an universal testing policy must be proven.
Recurrent Acute Kidney Injury with Severe Loin Pain and Patchy Renal Ischaemia after Anaerobic Exercise without Renal Hypouricaemia in a New Zealand European Male
Authors: Kelly Richard , Semple David , Harper Alana
Published: July 2021

Acute kidney injury with severe loin pain and patchy renal ischaemia after anaerobic exercise (ALPE) is a rare clinical syndrome. ALPE has predominantly been described in Japanese and Korean populations to date. Many cases and most recurrent examples are associated with renal hypouricaemia. We describe a 28-year-old New Zealand European male without renal hypouricaemia who developed recurrent ALPE whilst performing elite-level sport. Avoiding elite-level anaerobic exercise was successful at preventing further episodes. This report confirms the first known case of ALPE in a New Zealand European male and raises the possibility that ALPE is an under-recognized condition. Long-term outcomes of recurrent ALPE remain unclear, and preventative strategies should be implemented to preserve renal function. Avoiding intense anaerobic exercise is an effective preventative strategy.
Two new species of Gelechiidae (Lepidoptera) from Korea, with some biological data including larval host plants
Authors: PARK KYU-TEK , HEO UN-HONG , BYUN BONG-KYU
Published: July 2021

In this study, two new species of the family Gelechiidae are described from Korea. The new species are Teleiodes juglansivora Park & Byun, sp. nov. and Encoplata najuensis Park & Byun, sp. nov. For the new species, some biological data concerning on their larval food plants are given.
Pseudobagarius eustictus, a new species of catfish from northern Laos (Siluriformes: Akysidae)
Authors: NG HEOK HEE , KOTTELAT MAURICE
Published: July 2021

Pseudobagarius eustictus, new species, is described from the Nam Heung drainage (a tributary of the Mekong River) in northern Laos. It is distinguished from congeners in having a unique combination of the following characters: a weakly-produced snout in which the upper jaw extends only slightly beyond the margin of the lower jaw when viewed ventrally, 3 tubercles on the posterior margin of the pectoral spine, eye diameter 8% HL, head width 24.1% SL, dark yellow dorsal and lateral surfaces of the head, pectoral spine lacking elongate extensions, pectoral fin reaching the pelvic-fin base when adpressed against the body, dorsolateral surfaces of body without longitudinal series of prominent tubercles, body depth at anus 13.7% SL, length of adipose-fin base 17.7% SL, caudal-peduncle depth 7.0% SL, and 33 vertebrae.
Silencing of miR-200a-3p Inhibits Proliferation, Invasion and Migration of Breast Cancer Cells by Targeting Ephrin-A5
Authors: Zhang Yongmei , Zhang Huayi , Guo Gang
Published: July 2021

Increasing evidence suggests microRNAs (miRs/miRNAs) exert considerable functions in the pathogenesis of malignancies, including breast cancer (BC). The miR-200a-3p has previously been reported to promote tumorigenesis in different types of cancers. The present study aimed to investigate
the potential role of and possible mechanisms of miR-200a-3p in BC. In this study miR-200a-3p and ephrin-A5 (EFNA5) expression in tissues of patients with BC was analyzed using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. And several BC cell lines were employed to determine the expression levels
of miR-200a-3p and EFNA5. Then, miR-200a-3p expression was silenced by transfection with miR-200a-3p inhibitor. Cell proliferation was evaluated using a cell counting kit-8 kit and colony formation assay, whilst cell invasion and migration were detected using Transwell and wound healing assays,
respectively. Then, the potential interaction between miR-200a-3p and EFNA5 was verified using luciferase reporter assay. Subsequently, rescue assays were conducted by co-transfection with miR-200a-3p inhibitor and short hairpin RNA (shRNA) targeted against EFNA5 (shRNA-EFNA5) to study the
effects of TTN-AS1 and miR-211-5p on BC development. Results indicated that miR-200a-3p expression was significantly upregulated while EFNA5 was notably downregulated in BC tissues and cell lines. Cells transfected with miR-200a-3p inhibitor presented lower abilities of cell proliferation,
invasion and migration. Moreover, the luciferase reporter assay confirmed that EFNA5 was a direct target of miR-200a-3p. And EFNA5 silencing reversed the inhibitory effects of miR-200a-3p inhibitor on proliferation, invasion and migration of BC cells. Taken together, these findings revealed
that miR-200a-3p silencing inhibits proliferation, invasion and migration of BC cells by targeting EFNA5, which provides insights into the regulatory mechanism of BC and new strategies for developing therapeutic interventions for this disease.
Regulated in Development and DNA Damage Response 1 Knockdown Alleviates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Lung Injury
Authors: Han Han , Yu Zhenxi , Feng Mei
Published: July 2021

Regulated in Development and DNA Damage Response 1 (REDD1) knockdown can reduce the endoplasmic reticulum stress response in liver injury. However, its role on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury (ALI) has not been explored. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of
REDD1 on lung epithelial cells induced by LPS. Rt-qPCR and Western blot were used to detect REDD1 expression in 16HBE cells induced by LPS. The interfering REDD1 plasmid was constructed, and CCK8 was used to detect the effect of interference with REDD1 on LPS-induced lung epithelial cell activity.
The expression of inflammatory factors was detected by ELISA and the apoptotic level was detected by TUNEL staining. String database was used to predict the combination of REDD1 and EP300 in lung epithelial cells, which was verified by CoIP experiment. An overexpressed plasmid of EP300 was
constructed to detect the effects of EP300 on inflammatory factors and apoptosis in REDD1 lung epithelial cells. LPS-induced increased REDD1 expression in lung epithelial cells. Interference with REDD1 inhibits LPS-induced lung epithelial cell activity injury and inflammatory factor expression
and inhibits LPS-induced lung epithelial cell apoptosis. After interference with REDD1, the expression of EP300 in LPS-induced lung epithelial cells was inhibited, and the overexpression of EP300 was reversed to promote the production of inflammatory factors and apoptosis. In conclusion, these
results demonstrate that REDD1 knockdown alleviates LPS-induced acute lung injury.
microRNA-451 (miR-451) Regulates the Apoptosis of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells by Targeting Macrophage Migration Promoting Factors
Authors: Wei Caihong , Guo Dan , Pu Huayun
Published: July 2021

MicroRNA (miRNA) participates in cellular activities. This article mainly discusses whether miR-451 has a role in the apoptosis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. A549 cell was divided into blank group, miR-451 overexpression group and NC group followed by analysis of level
of miR-451, MIF mRNA, MIF, NF-κB, and nuclear expression of NF-κB by immunofluorescence, clone formation, cell apoptosis rate and cell cycle. miR-451 overexpression significantly inhibited MIF and NF-κB expression. In the case of miR-451 overexpression,
NSCLC clone formation was inhibited time-dependently The nuclear NF-κB expression in miR451 group was significantly inhibited, indicating inhibition of MIF by miR-451, leading to inhibition of NSCLC cell proliferation. Further results showed that cell apoptotic rate of miR-451
high expression group was elevated with increased cell number in G2 phase, confirming that miR-451 overexpression promoted NSCLC cell apoptosis. miR-451 over-expression can inhibit MIF level by inhibiting NF-κB signaling pathway, thereby promoting NSCLC cell apoptosis, providing
a new therapeutic approach for the clinical targeted therapy.
Repairing Rabbit Radius Bone Defects with Simvastatin Compound Biological Bone
Authors: Liu Zhong-Yu , Zhang Jin-Li , Zhang Yang , Kan Shi-Lian , Liang Jun , Liu Pei-Jia
Published: July 2021

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the feasibility of repairing rabbit radius bone defects with simvastatin compound biological bone. Methods: Simvastatin biological bone material was prepared, and osteoblasts were cultured. A total of 42 New Zealand white rabbits
were randomly divided into four groups, and a bone defect with a length of 15 mm was created at the middle part of the radial shaft of both limbs in each rabbit, thereby establishing a bone defect model. The grafts in group A were biological bones of osteoblasts combined with simvastatin;
the grafts in group B were biological bones of simvastatin; the grafts in group C were biological compound bones of osteoblasts; and the grafts in group D were simple biological bones. In each group, four animals were randomly sacrificed at the sixth and twelfth week after surgery, and specimens
were collected for gross observation, X-ray examination, histological observation, and biomechanical testing. In each group, two animals were randomly sacrificed at the twelfth week after surgery; a three-point bending test was performed using a biomechanical testing machine, and the results
were compared with those of a normal radius. Results: The X-ray and histological examinations at 6 and 12 weeks after surgery revealed that the osteogenesis ability of the simvastatin biological bone and osteoblast-simvastatin biological bone was better than that of the osteoblast biological
bone and simple biological bone, which was superior in group A and group B to group C and group D. The results of the biomechanical examination revealed that the maximum stress of the normal radius was significantly higher than that of the experimental groups. Among the experimental groups,
the difference between group A and group B was not statistically significant, and the maximum stress was higher in groups A and B than in groups C and D. Conclusion: Simvastatin biological bone material can promote the repair of rabbit radius defects and increase the quality of bone
healing.
Burkitt Lymphoma Presenting as Perforated Appendicitis
Authors: Shaw Taylor , Cockrell Hannah , Panchal Ramola , Abraham Anu , Sawaya David
Published: July 2021

Appendicitis is the most common indication for an emergent abdominal operation in the pediatric population. Fewer than .015% of patients who undergo appendectomy for presumed appendicitis are diagnosed with primary lymphoma after evaluation of pathology specimen. 1 Of these primary lymphomas, 29.5% are Burkitt lymphoma. Burkitt lymphoma is an aggressive B-cell lymphoma characterized by translocation and dysregulation of the c-Myc gene. Intraabdominal extranodal Burkitt lymphoma has a polymorphic presentation that includes bowel obstruction, intussusception, and appendicitis. Here we report a case of an adolescent patient who was initially admitted for medical management of perforated appendicitis but was diagnosed with Burkitt lymphoma during his hospital course.
Party Competition and Cooperation Shape Affective Polarization: Evidence from Natural and Survey Experiments in Israel
Authors: Bassan-Nygate Lotem , Weiss Chagai M.
Published: July 2021

Does electoral competition increase affective polarization? Can inter-party cooperation depolarize voters? Addressing these questions is challenging since both competition and cooperation are endogenous to political attitudes. Building on social identity theory and leveraging a natural experiment unfolding over seven Israeli election studies, we demonstrate that the enhanced salience of electoral competition increases affective polarization. We then consider whether inter-party cooperation can depolarize the electorate. To do so, we further build on theories of coalition ambivalence and party brands and leverage the ambiguity around coalition building following elections of Israel’s 22nd Knesset, to implement a survey experiment where we credibly shape respondents’ perceptions regarding the likelihood that a unity government will form. We find that priming party cooperation in the form of a unity government promotes tolerance across partisan lines. Our studies contribute to the affective polarization literature by identifying institutional causes and remedies of polarization in a comparative context.
“Mi chiamo Ana, cioè Anna”. Un’indagine sugli effetti del prestigio linguistico rispetto ai nomi dei migranti stranieri in Italia
Authors: Nitti Paolo
Published: July 2021

The name represents a distinctive feature of personal identity and is an essential aspect within the personality building and the relationship with other individuals. This research presents a qualitative analysis of some linguistic changes related to the names of L2 speakers in Italy, in order to formulate some considerations on linguistic prestige and the consequent intercultural impact on the migrants' minorities, deepening the theme of the name variations.
Filmic Therapeutic Encounters and Resistance: Silence, Forgetting, and Guilt in the Face of Historical Violence
Authors: Basaran Aylin
Published: July 2021

Mental disorder and therapeutic encounters are central aspects of three films that were groundbreaking in addressing collective trauma in the aftermath of slavery, colonialism, or genocide: Peele’s GET OUT (USA), Ruhorahoza’s GREY MATTER (Rwanda) and Mhando and Mulvihill’s MAANGAMIZI—THE ANCIENT ONE (Tanzania/USA). Recurring to theories of collective memory and trauma, the article assumes that asymmetric historical violence causes a crisis of reason among the victims, and that the affective dream-like technique of film has the potential to make unutterable mental conditions explicit and relatable without trivializing their complexities. Oppression is usually perpetuated by an alliance of domination with forgetting, silencing, and a sense of guilt, inflicted on the victims who are thereupon labeled as overly sensitive, moronic, or insane. The films depict mental conditions caused by collective trauma which are expressed by haunting memories, ancestral visions, or victims being possessed by their oppressors. A central element is the depiction of problematic therapeutic encounters which may be abusive, manipulative or turn the patient–therapist relation upside down. By challenging notions of therapy and critically addressing its potential embeddedness in power relations, it is argued, the films themselves serve as a form of postcolonial therapy and empowerment.
Suicide Loss Survivors: Navigating Social Stigma and Threats to Social Bonds
Authors: Goulah-Pabst Dorothy M.
Published: July 2021

The complicated grief experienced by suicide loss survivors leads to feelings of abandonment, rejection, intense self-blame, and depression. Stigma surrounding suicide further burdens survivors who can experience rejection by their community and social networks. Research in the field of psychology has delved into the grieving process of suicide loss survivors, however the effects of suicide require more sociological study to fully understand and support the impact of the suicidal bereavement process on the social interactions and relationships of those left behind after death. This study aims to contribute to the body of research exploring the social challenges faced after the suicide of a loved one. Based on the analysis of powerful personal narratives through qualitative interviews shared by 14 suicide loss survivors this study explores the social construction of the grieving and healing process for suicide loss survivors. Recognizing that the most reliable relief is in commiseration with like experienced people, this research points to the support group as a builder of social solidarity. The alienation caused by the shame and stigma of suicide loss can be reversed by the feelings of attachment to the group that listens, understands and accepts. Groups created by and for suicide loss survivors should be considered a necessary tool to be used toward healing those who suffer from loss by suicide.
The Relationship Between Anxiety and Hopelessness Levels Among Nursing Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic and Related Factors
Authors: Kaplan Serin Emine , Doğan Runida
Published: July 2021

Outbreaks caused by environmental effects such as COVID-19, MERS, SARS, or Ebola cause problems such as fear, anxiety, loneliness, depression, and hopelessness for people with or without a high risk of illness. This study aims to determine the levels of hopelessness and anxiety experienced by nursing students during the COVID-19 outbreak. This descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted with students of a state university. In the collection of the data, Descriptive Characteristics Form prepared by the researchers, the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Test (GAD-7), and the Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS) were used. The mean GAD-7 score of the students participating in the study was 6.65 ± 5.03 and the mean BHS score was 6.11 ± 4.91. It was determined that the score of GAD-7 and BHS were a significant positive high relationship between them (p < 0.001). Anxiety and hopelessness levels were found to be statistically significantly higher for those whose sleep and eating patterns affected negatively due to the pandemic, those who feared the pandemic and its economic effects, and those who did not want to work in the hospital during the pandemic period. There was a relationship between anxiety and hopelessness levels of nursing students participating in the study.
A Cross-Cultural Adaptation of the Collective Efficacy Questionnaire for Sports (CEQS): Validity Evidence for a Brazilian Version
Authors: Paes Mayara Juliana , Taconeli Cesar Augusto , Forbellone Andressa Avedaño , Fernandes Gabriel Jungles , Feltz Deborah L. , Stefanello Joice Mara Facco
Published: July 2021

This three-part study aimed to translate, cross-culturally adapt, and validate the Collective Efficacy Questionnaire for Sports (CEQS) for Brazilian athletes. In Study 1, six translators and six specialists developed a Portuguese version of the CEQS (the CEQS-B), and 10 experts and 10 sports participants provided content validity evidence based on test content. In Study 2, 553 athletes completed the CEQS-B, and we provided evidence of construct and convergent validity for the test’s internal structure through factor analysis and of reliability evidence based on the instrument’s internal consistency and temporal stability. In Study 3, 79 athletes completed both the new CEQS-B and the Group Cohesion Questionnaire, and we provided evidence of concurrent validity for the CEQS-B, based on its relationship to other variables, with specific strong correlations between team task cohesion and collective efficacy among these participants. Overall, the results of this study support the use of the CEQS-B by researchers and professionals wishing to assess various sport athletes’ self-perceived collective efficacy.
Adaptive tracking control of switched linear systems with multiple disturbance observers
Authors: Hosseini Jaber , Rahmani Zahra , Ranjbar Noe Abolfazl
Published: July 2021

This paper deals with model reference adaptive control for an uncertain switched linear system in the presence of disturbances in the state and control input based on time-dependent switching methods. A novel composite disturbance observer-based adaptive controller with adaptive laws is proposed in a tracking problem of uncertain switched linear system. First, two disturbance observers are proposed to estimate disturbances. Then, a hybrid switched adaptive controller based on state feedback and disturbance observers is designed. Thereafter, based on time-dependent switching signals included dwell-time (DT), average dwell-time (ADT), and the mode-dependent approaches of DT and ADT, a globally uniformly ultimately bounded stability of the closed-loop switched linear system is proved. Finally, the theoretic achievement is applied to a highly manoeuvrable aircraft technology vehicle to demonstrate the significance of the proposed method.
Atypical Carcinoid of the Larynx: A Case Report
Authors: Hu Yue , Guo Xing , Jiang Feifei , Yan Aihui
Published: July 2021

Neuroendocrine carcinomas are a spectrum of rare and highly heterogeneous malignant tumors. Neuroendocrine carcinomas mainly arise from neuroendocrine cells scattered throughout the body. They mainly occur in the lung and gastrointestinal tract. Atypical carcinoid of the larynx is a rare type of neuroendocrine carcinoma, which is easily misdiagnosed as hemangioma in appearance. We mainly feature the disease to you through the diagnosis and treatment of a case of atypical carcinoid of the larynx.
Apocrine Hidrocystoma of the Parotid Gland
Authors: Kharrat Ines , Achour Imen , Thabet Wadii , Chaabouni Mohamed Amine , Trigui Majdi , Triki Mariem , Hammami Bouthaina , Charfeddine Ilhem
Published: July 2021

Apocrine hidrocystoma is a cystic tumor originating from apocrine sweat glands. It is predominantly located in the eyelid margins. Here, we report a case of apocrine hidrocystoma of the parotid gland in a 19-year-old man who was referred to our outpatient clinic with a 5-year history of a gradual swelling in the left parotid region. The patient underwent left superficial parotidectomy. Histological examination confirmed the diagnosis of apocrine hidrocystoma. The case is original by the tumor’s location: to the best of our knowledge, this could be the first case in English and French literature reporting an apocrine hidrocystoma affecting the parotid gland. The purpose of this article is to report our case and discuss its clinical and anatomopathological features as well as its differential diagnoses.
A Rare Cause of Red Tympanic Membrane: Jugular Bulb Diverticulum
Authors: Te Boon Chin , Ong Kai Ping , Zainon Izny Hafiz
Published: July 2021

Significance Statement

Pulsatile tinnitus with erythematous tympanic membrane mass suggests vascular pathologies such as dural arteriovenous fistula, glomus tympanicum, or aberrant carotid artery. Jugular bulb aneurysmatic diverticulum is rare but should be suspected in a case with the presence of aneurysm in other organs. An imaging study is mandatory to confirm the diagnosis. Patient must avoid digging ear as it can cause profuse bleeding. Treatment option can be open surgery or endovascular treatment.
The Markan Proskuneo (Mark 5:6; 15:19) as Anti-Roman Motif in Mark’s Gospel
Authors: Onyenali Rowland
Published: July 2021

The Roman provenance of the Gospel according to Mark is not in doubt, and the reapplication of some concepts reserved for the Roman emperor to the person of Jesus in Mark’s Gospel is well documented. The article considers that the act of proskuneo, rendered to the Roman emperor as a divine being during the time of the writing of Mark’s Gospel, has been applied by Mark to serve an anti-Roman program. The passages where the Gerasene demoniac prostrates before Jesus (Mark 5:6) and where the Roman soldiers make a mock reverence to Jesus (Mark 15:19) are considered from both exegetical and historical perspectives.
Scripture in Context: James A. Sanders’ Contributions to Biblical Studies
Authors: Gnuse Robert
Published: July 2021

James A. Sanders, Scripture in Its Historical Contexts. Vol. I: Text, Canon, and Qumran and Scripture in Its Historical Contexts. Vol. II: Exegesis, Hermeneutics, and Theology. Edited by Craig A. Evans. Forschungen zum Alten Testament 118, 126. Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2018, 2019.
Celebrating Victory from the Sea of Reeds to the Eschatological Battle Field: Miriam’s Timbrels and Dances in Exodus 15 and Beyond
Authors: Evans Craig A.
Published: July 2021

In 4Q285 frg. 7 the eschatological Branch of David defeats the Kittim (the Roman army) and puts to death the king of the Kittim (the Roman emperor). After this victory the women of Israel beat timbrels and dance, even as Miriam and the women did (Exod 15) after the destruction of the Egyptian army in the Sea of Reeds. It is proposed that Miriam’s action reflected a custom, perhaps even inaugurated it, that is witnessed in the song of Deborah (Judges 5) and in the song of Judith (Judith 16). It is further proposed that the figure of Miriam loomed large in Israel’s sacred story—inside and outside the literature that became canon—and that her custom of timbrel, song, and dance will be observed one more time in the aftermath of the anticipated great eschatological battle.
The Question of God’s Perfection
Authors: Collin Cornell
Published: July 2021

Is God perfect? The recent volume entitled The Question of God’s Perfection stages a conversation on that topic between mostly Jewish philosophers, theologians, and scholars of rabbinic literature. Although it is neither a work of biblical theology nor a contribution to the theological interpretation of scripture, The Question of God’s Perfection yields stimulating results for these other, intersecting projects. After briefly describing the volume’s central question and contents, the present essay situates the volume’s offerings within the state of the biblical-theological and theological-interpretive fields. In its next section, it considers—and compares— The Question of God’s Perfection with one twentieth-century theological antecedent, the Dutch theologian K.H. Miskotte. In closing, it poses questions for ongoing discussion.

The Question of God’s Perfection: Jewish and Christian Essays on the God of the Bible and Talmud, edited by Yoram Hazony & Dru Johnson. Philosophy of Religion – World Religions 8. Leiden, The Netherlands: Brill, 2019. ISBN 9789004387959
Health management and care following the Fukushima nuclear power plant accident: overview of Fukushima Health Management Survey
Authors: Kamiya Kenji
Published: July 2021

Following the accident at Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant, Fukushima Prefecture is conducting the Fukushima Health Management Survey, which has been contracted out to Fukushima Medical University. The purpose of this survey is to investigate the exposure doses and health conditions of the residents of Fukushima Prefecture in order to prevent, diagnose, and treat diseases at an early stage, and to maintain and improve the health of residents in the future.

This survey consists of a basic survey to estimate external exposure doses and detailed surveys to investigate health conditions. The detailed surveys comprise: (i) thyroid ultrasound examination; (ii) comprehensive health check; (iii) mental health and lifestyle survey; and (iv) pregnancy and birth survey.

In the basic survey, the external exposure dose was estimated for >466,000 people during the first 4 months after the accident; it was estimated to be <5 mSv for 99.8% of residents.

The thyroid ultrasound examination included four rounds of echo examinations covering approximately 380,000 children aged <18 years at the time of the accident in each round. The first, second, third, and fourth examinations identified 116, 71, 31, and 21 children with thyroid cancer/suspected cancer, respectively. The Fukushima Prefectural Oversight Committee analysed the results from the first and second examinations, and evaluated that ‘the detected increased rate is unlikely to be the impact of radiation’. However, the Oversight Committee is deliberating the future direction of thyroid examination, taking into consideration the advantages and disadvantages of the examination as well as ethical viewpoints.

In the comprehensive health check, approximately 210,000 people in the evacuation area were examined, and increased rates of lifestyle-related diseases [e.g. obesity, hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidaemia (low high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol)] were confirmed. In the mental health and lifestyle survey, approximately 210,000 people, including residents in the evacuation area, were examined. A deterioration in general mental health was found for the period immediately after the accident across a wide range of age groups, and although recovery was seen over the years, the rate of mental health issues remains above the national average. The pregnancy and birth survey revealed that the pre-term birth rate, low-birthweight rate, and rate of congenital anomalies did not differ from the national average.

The purpose of Fukushima Health Management Survey is not only to collect data on the health of the residents of Fukushima Prefecture, but to provide direct support to residents regarding the health issues clarified by the survey. Moreover, various initiatives are being implemented in cooperation with various local government authorities with the aim of maintaining and promoting the health of the residents.
Exploring the role of the “Big Three” features of effective youth development programs in El Salvador: The sample case of programs of Compassion International
Authors: Tirrell Jonathan M. , Hay Samuel W. , Gansert Patricia K. , Le Trang U. , O’Neil Bridget C. , Vaughn Jennifer M. , Bishara Leanne , Tan Esther , Lerner Jacqueline V. , King Pamela Ebstyne , Dowling Elizabeth M. , Williams Kate , Iraheta Guillermo , Sim Alistair T. R. , Lerner Richard M.
Published: July 2021

Programs effective in promoting positive youth development (PYD) involve curricular features termed the Big Three: Positive and sustained adult–youth relationships; life-skill-building activities; and youth contribution and leadership opportunities. Data from 610 adolescents (50% female; M age = 16.39 years, SD = 1.83) enrolled in Compassion International-supported programs in El Salvador indicated that scores derived from a youth-report measure of the Big Three, established using data from Rwanda, manifested strong invariance and predicted both youth strengths and contribution. Qualitative interviews with 18 youth from these programs indicated that the Big Three were seen as present and enhancing their positive development. We discuss how future research using a quantitative–qualitative approach may provide deeper evidence about the practical application and promotion of PYD in youth programs.
Shakespeare on screen in the digital era: an annotated bibliography
Authors: Fernández José Ramón Díaz
Published: July 2021

The present article seeks to provide a comprehensive annotated guide to the publications related to the field of Shakespeare on screen for the period 2002–2020. Its entries have been classified into five categories: the first section includes a list of bibliographies, filmographies, and databases; the second features monographs focusing exclusively or substantially on the subject, whereas the third provides a list of related collections of essays. The fourth deals with specific journal issues, while published screenplays and other works on the making of the films are listed in the final section.
Making desistance real: Implementing a desistance focused approach in a community rehabilitation company (CRC)
Authors: Kemshall Hazel , Burroughs Tammie , Mayes Soren , Thorogood Clare
Published: July 2021

Desistance is now a key focus for probation practice in the United Kingdom. However, how to implement desistance in the workplace has remained challenging, particularly in the absence of practice guidance. This article presents the experience of ‘making desistance real’ in the context of Community Rehabilitation Companies. ‘Identity shift’ is presented as a core component of the desistance approach adopted, and practice designed to support services users to transition to a pro-social identity and their ‘best life’ is presented. The article examines changes in assessment processes and tools, outlines desistance informed interventions, and the engagement of practitioners in delivering desistance.
A good death in the child with life shortening illness: A qualitative multiple-case study
Authors: Chong Poh Heng , Walshe Catherine , Hughes Sean
Published: July 2021

Background:

Understanding what makes a ‘good death’ in the child with life shortening illness is important, as it informs appropriate and effective end-of-life care. Above play, peer contact and opportunities for assent, prior literature review found meeting needs and managing control were critical. The influence of disease types, location of death and palliative care support remains unclear.

Aim:

Explore how a good death for children can occur in the real-world context and identify factors influencing it.

Design:

A qualitative multiple-case study. The case was defined as family and professional caregivers of children who died, stratified across disease categories (cancer or non-cancer) and palliative care contact. Data collection included (1) interviews, (2) artefacts, (3) clinical notes. Framework Analysis facilitated in-depth within and cross-case analysis.

Setting/participants:

Singapore health-care context. Respondents included bereaved parents, health and social care providers from hospital, and a community palliative care service.

Results:

Five cases were constituted, with eight parents and 14 professionals as respondents. Eight common themes were identified, sub-categorised under three domains and interpreted theoretically: (1) Antecedents: Letting go, Acknowledging the child, Closure (2) Determinants: Suffering, Control, Systems and processes (3) Attributes: Comfort, Dying not prolonged. These factors were consistent across all cases, regardless of individual diagnoses, place of care and palliative care access.

Conclusions:

Elements that universally influence a good death are revealed within an ecologically sound and holistic conceptual framework. The impact of attitudes among healthcare professionals, and service delivery at systems level highlighted in this study have immediate applications in practice and policy.
Visualizing patterns of intervertebral disc damage with dual-energy computed tomography: assessment of diagnostic accuracy in an ex vivo spine biophantom
Authors: Pohlan Julian , Stelbrink Carsten , Tuttle Niklas , Kubicka Felix , Kwon Ho Jung , Jahnke Paul , Goehler Friedemann , Kershaw Olivia , Gruber Achim D , Pumberger Matthias , Diekhoff Torsten
Published: July 2021

Background

Previously, dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) has been established for imaging spinal fractures as an alternative modality to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Purpose

To analyze the diagnostic accuracy of DECT in visualizing intervertebral disc (IVD) damage.

Material and Methods

The lumbar spine of a Great Dane dog was used as an ex vivo biophantom. DECT was performed as sequential volume technique on a single-source CT scanner. IVDs were imaged before and after an injection of sodium chloride solution and after anterior discectomy in single-source sequential volume DECT technique using 80 and 135 kVp. Chondroitin/Collagen maps (cMaps) were reconstructed at 1 mm and compared with standard CT. Standardized regions of interest (ROI) were placed in the anterior anulus fibrosus, nucleus pulposus, and other sites. Three blinded readers classified all images as intact disc, nucleus lesion, or anulus lesion. Additionally, clinical examples from patients with IVD lesions were retrospectively identified from the radiological database.

Results

Interrater reliability was almost perfect with a Fleiss kappa of 0.833 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.83–0.835) for DECT, compared with 0.780 (95% CI 0.778–0.782) for standard CT. For overall detection accuracy of IVD, DECT achieved 91.0% sensitivity (95% CI 83.6–95.8) and 92.0% specificity (95% CI 80.8–97.8). Standard CT showed 91.0% sensitivity (95% CI 83.6–95.8) and 78.0% specificity (95% CI 64.0–88.5).

Conclusion

DECT reliably identified IVD damage in an ex vivo biophantom. Clinical examples of patients with different lesions illustrate the accurate depiction of IVD microstructure. These data emphasize the diagnostic potential of DECT cMaps.
Total and regional ASPECT score for non-contrast CT, CT angiography, and CT perfusion: inter-rater agreement and its association with the final infarction in acute ischemic stroke patients
Authors: Chu Yue , Ma Gao , Xu Xiao-Quan , Lu Shan-Shan , Cao Yue-Zhou , Shi Hai-Bin , Liu Sheng , Wu Fei-Yun
Published: July 2021

Background

Alberta Stroke Program Early Computed Tomography Score (ASPECTS) is a grading system to assess the extent and distribution of early ischemic changes.

Purpose

To assess inter-rater agreement for total and regional ASPECTS on non-contrast computed tomography (NCCT) images, CT angiography source images (CTA-SI), and CT-perfusion cerebral blood volume (CTP-CBV) maps, and their association with final infarction in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS).

Material and Methods

A total of 96 consecutive patients with AIS who underwent pre-treatment NCCT and CTP were retrospectively enrolled. CTA-SI was reconstructed using the raw data of CTP. Total and regional ASPECTS were assessed on baseline NCCT, CTA-SI, and CTP-CBV, and on follow-up NCCT or diffusion-weighted imaging. Follow-up ASPECTS served as the reference standard for final infarction.

Results

CTP-CBV demonstrated higher concordance for total ASPECTS (interclass correlation coefficient, 0.895 vs. 0.771 vs. 0.777) and regional ASPECTS in internal capsule, lentiform, caudate nuclei, M5 and M6, compared with NCCT and CTA-SI. CTP-CBV showed a trend of stronger correlation with final ASPECTS than NCCT and CTA-SI (0.717 vs. 0.711 vs. 0.565; P > 0.05). ASPECTS in the internal capsule (ρ, 0.756 vs. 0.556; P = 0.016) and caudate nucleus (ρ, 0.717 vs. 0.476; P = 0.010) on CTP-CBV were more strongly correlated with follow-up ASPECTS than NCCT. CTP-CBV showed higher accuracy for predicting final infarction in the internal capsule (92.5% vs. 90.3% and 87.1%; P > 1.000, P = 0.125, respectively) and caudate nucleus (87.1% vs. 79.6% and 77.4%; P = 0.453, P = 0.039, respectively) than CTA-SI and NCCT.

Conclusion

CTP-CBV ASPECTS might be more reliable for delineating early ischemic changes and predicting final infarction.
Nutritional Factors Associated With Maternal Depression Among Pregnant Women in Urban Low-Income Settlements in Nairobi, Kenya
Authors: Madeghe Beatrice A. , Kogi-Makau Wambui , Ngala Sophia , Kumar Manasi
Published: July 2021

Background:

Nutritional deficiencies are common during pregnancy and a year after childbirth. At the same time, maternal depression affects many women during pregnancy up to 1 year after childbirth. The objectives of this study were to determine the associations between nutrition status, dietary intake, and maternal depression among pregnant women.

Methods:

This was a cross-sectional study that included 262 pregnant women aged 15 to 49 years attending the antenatal clinic in 2 public health facilities in urban low-income settlements in Nairobi, Kenya. Maternal depression was assessed using Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). Mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) was used to determine nutritional status. Dietary intake was assessed using the 24-hour recall, and brain essential nutrients were assessed through a questionnaire. Odds ratio was used to test the associations. All maternal characteristics with P < .001 in the univariable analysis were considered in the multivariable logistic regression, variables with P < .05 were considered significant.

Results:

Of the 262 pregnant women, 33.6% (95% CI: 27.9-40.7) had depressive illness as indicated by EPDS >13. About 9.9% of pregnant women had MUAC < 23 cm. The study established statistically significant association between poor nutrition by MUAC and maternal depression ( P < .001). Maternal depression was statistically significantly associated with inadequate intake of brain food essential ( P = .002). Maternal depression was statistically significantly associated with lower income ( P < .001). In multivariable regression analysis, the main predictor of maternal depression was poor nutrition ( P < .004).

Conclusion:

These findings reveal an association between poor nutrition and maternal depression. These results suggest that nutritional deficiencies could be a contributing factor for maternal depression. Study recommends dietary interventions as cost-effective way to reduce deficiencies and improve mental health problems for pregnant women. Assessment of maternal depression and dietary intake be integrated as fundamental components of antenatal care.