bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
RANCANG BANGUN OFFICIAL WEBSITE PANTI ASUHAN SEBAGAI MEDIA INFORMASI
Authors: Susanti Nanik , Irawan Yudie , Triyanto Wiwit Agus
Published: January 2019

Panti Asuhan Darussalamah terletak di daerah Dawe telah berdiri sejak tahun 2004, dalam perkembangannya sampai saat ini telah memiliki binaan 63 anak, dengan jumlah laki - laki 30 anak dan jumlah perempuan 33 anak. Dengan kreatifitas dan inisiatif pemuda panti, maka teknologi menjadi satu hal yang harus dimiliki oleh panti asuhan Darussalamah. Hal tersebut salah satunya diwujudkan dalam pengadaan website panti asuhan. Website panti asuhan diharapkan dapat mengoptimalkan penyampaian sosialisasi kegiatan panti ke masyarakat luas. Perancangan official website ini menggunakan diagram use case. Dari hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan dapat disimpulkan bahwa Official website panti asuhan memudahkan interaksi dengan semua stake holder, memudahkan pihak pengurus dalam menyampaikan serta meningkatkan profil kepada masyarakat luas Official website panti asuhan dapat mengatasi permasalahan dalam penyampaian informasi sosialisasi kegiatan panti asuhan, serta memebrikan informasi yang up to date kepada para alumni panti asuhan. Implementasi official panti asuhan dapat diakses melalui URL http://yayasandarussalamah-elqudsy.com.
REDUKSI ATRIBUT BERDASAR MATRIK DISCERNIBILITY TEORI ROUGH SET DALAM SIMULASI BENCANA KEBAKARAN
Authors: Herdiyatmoko Hendrik Fery
Published: January 2019

Bencana kebakaran dapat terjadi dimana saja dan kapan saja, dapat terjadi di area tempat tinggal, di tambang dan di . Terdapat isu penting pada deteksi kebakaran otomatis, yaitu mengenai data parameter kebakaran. Parameter kebakaran ini dapat berupa suhu, kelembaban, bahan bakar kebakaran, titik api, dll. Dalampenelitianini data parameter kebakaran dikumpulkanolehjaringanwirelesssensor networkyang diposisikansecaraspesifikpadalokasi di dalam gedung. Namun, tidak semua parameter kebakaran akan digunakan, karena semakin banyak parameter kebakaran digunakan akan menyebabkan beban komputasi bertambah, sehingga data parameteryang paling penting saja yang akan digunakan. Salah satu cara mengekstraksi komponen yang paling penting adalah menggunakan seleksi parameter kebakaran berbasis reduksi atributdenganteknikTeori Roughset.Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mereduksi parameter atau atribut kebakaran yang menghasilkan kompleksitas yang lebih rendah pada analisis data kebakaran. Hasilkeluaran  reduksiatributtersebut  digunakan   sebagai   dasar   pencarian   jalur   evakuasi   bencana kebakaran.
PERANCANGAN DAN DESAIN SISTEM CUSTOMER PT. TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA (TELKOM) KANDATEL UNGARAN
Authors: Mauludin Moch. Subchan , - Misbakhudin
Published: January 2019

Era globalisasi dan perdagangan bebas sekarang ini kebutuhan seseorag akan informasi semakin meningkat. PT Telekomunikasi Indonesia sebagai salah satu badan usaha yang bergerak di bidang jasa komunikasi keberadaanya benar-benar dibutuhkan masyarakat dalam hal pemenuhan kebutuhan informasi dan komunikasi. Pada saat ini PT Telekomunikasi Indonesia (TELKOM) kandatel Ungaran masih menggunakan sistem administrasi manual sehingga customer service mengalami kesulitan saat pencarian data, sehingga perlu dibuat perancangan sistem customer agar lebih praktis dan efisien dalam pencarian data. Sistem ini menggunakan metode SDLC (System Development Life Cycle) sehingga di hasilkan sebuah perancngan sistem informasi yang akurat, tepat, dan relevan di PT TELKOM kandatel Ungaran.
SOLUSI PREDIKSI MAHASISWA DROP OUT PADA PROGRAM STUDI SISTEM INFORMASI FAKULTAS ILMU KOMPUTER UNIVERSITAS BINA DARMA
Authors: Putra Ade
Published: January 2019

Data mining merupakan salah satu pengetahuan yang bergerak di bidang penggalian dan pengkajian data, dimana data mining mampu memberikan solusi dalam pemecahan permasalahan, khususnya yang di hadapi oleh program studi Sistem Informasi Fakultas Ilmu Komputer guna menjamin agar mahasiswa Program Studi Sistem Informasi Fakultas Ilmu Komputer Universitas Bina Darma dapat lulus dengan tepat waktu. Adapun tahapan yang digunakan yaitu menggunakan konsep Knowledge Discovery in Database (KDD) yang terdiri dari Selection, Pre – Processing, Transformation, Data Mining dan Interprestation / Evaluation. Pada penelitian ini digunakan metode Clasificassion dengan algoritma Decision Tree atau C4.5., Pada algoritma ini, hasil penilaian yang dipakai untuk menentukan Node sebagai kunci dalam menilai kelayakan mahasiswa yang Drop Out dilihat dari nilai Entropi dan Gain pada masing – masing attribute,. Adapun attribute yang digunakan untuk penilaian Entropi dan Gain pada penelitian ini adalah Indeks Prestasi Kumulatif (IPK), Jumlah SKS yang telah ditempuh, Semester dan Status perkuliahan mahasiswa angkatan 2013. Pada penelitian ini attribute SKS ditetapkan sebagai node 1 dengan nilai Gain terbesar yaitu 0.3276,  yang kemudian di ikuti oleh attribute Semester sebagai node 1.1 dengan nilai Gain sebesar 0.0874.
DESAIN PERANGKAT ANALISIS MUTU PELAYANAN RUMAH SAKIT
Authors: Pujo Raharjo Andy Triyanto
Published: January 2019

Keberadaan sebuah rumah sakit sangat vital dalam memberikan jasa pelayanan medis kepada masyarakat luas. Oleh karena itu pelayanan yang dilakukan oleh pihak rumah sakit kepada pasiennya harus dijaga dengan baik agar dapat memuaskan paien. Demikian juga masyarakat harus mengetahui tentang kualitas mutu pelayanan sebuah rumah sakit. Dalam hal ini pemerintah juga memberikan standart penilaian mutu pelayanan rumah sakit kepada instansi-instansi rumah sakit agar dapat menjaga kepuasan pasien.Perangkat analisis mutu pelayanan rumah sakit ini dibangun untuk membantu pihak manajemen/pimpinan rumah sakit dalam menghitung mutu pelayanan yang berstandart nasional. Masyarakat atau juga calon pasien juga diuntungkan karena mendapatkan informasi kualitas mutu layanan sebuah rumah sakit.Pengembangan perangkat analisis ini diharapkan dapat menjadi sebuah fitur tambahan yang memudahkan pihak manajemen atau pimpinan rumah sakit dalam menghitung dan menentukan mutu pelayanan rumah sakit.
PENENTUAN TEGANGAN OPERASIONAL PADA DETEKTOR GEIGER MULLER DENGAN PERBEDAAN JARI-JARI WINDOW DETEKTOR
Authors: Hilyana F. Shoufika
Published: January 2019

Telah dilakukan penentuan nilai tegangan operasional detektor isian gas Geiger Muller dengan perbedaan jari-jari windownya. Tegangan operasional didapatkan dengan melakukan pencacahan dengan menggunakan tegangan dari 0 Volt sampai 1000 Volt. Detektor Geiger Muller yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini dengan perbedaan jari-jari window 13 mm; 18 mm; dan 20 mm. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tegangan operasional untuk detektor dengan jari-jari 13 mm mendapatkan nilai 500V – 620V, detektor dengan jari-jari 18 mm menghasilkan nilai tegangan 700V – 820 V, dan detektor dengan jari-jari 20 mm mendapatkan nilai tegangan 900V – 1000V. Perbedaan hasil tegangan operasional pada detektor Geiger Muller dikarenakan perbedaan jari-jari windownya. Sehingga dinyatakan bahwa semakin besar jari-jari window detektor Geiger Muller, maka semakin besar pula tegangan operasionalnya. Hal ini dipengaruhi oleh efek ukuran dari detektor, yaitu luas permukaan window detektor Geiger Muller, semakin luas atau besar diameter detektor Geiger Muller, maka semakin banyak pancaran sumber radiasi yang terdeteksi.
ENKRIPTOR-DEKRIPTOR ISI E-MAIL BERBASIS ANDROID DENGAN ALGORITMA BLOWFISH
Authors: Panjaitan Yonathan Gani , Susanto Ajib , - Wijanarto , Utomo W.M Ibnu
Published: January 2019

Perkembangan teknologi informasi yang pesat diiringi oleh perkembangan dalam hal keamanan data.  Terutama informasi atau  hal-hal  rahasia yang  orang  lain  tidak  boleh  mengetahui. Salah  satu teknologi yang terus semakin berkembang adalah Email dan munculnya platform baru yang bernama Android yang digunakan pada smartphone. Email merupakan salah satu cara untuk bertukar informasi antara satu orang dengan yang lain. Kejahatan teknologi informasi terus berkembang dan dengan berbagai macam model kejahatan, sebagai contohnya adalah Sniffing. Algoritma Blowfish merupakan salah satu algoritma algoritma block cipher 64-bit block yang cukup aman untuk mengamankan data di dalam sebuah program, tidak dipatenkan,   mempunyai ruang kunci yang besar dan panjangnya bermacam- macam dari 32 bits sampai 448 bits serta cukup kuat keamanannya, sehingga pada bagian kuncinya tidak mudah diserang oleh pihak lain. Metode pendekatan sistem yang digunakan dalam pembangunan aplikasi adalah Extreme Programming (XP) untuk menerapkan fungsi dari Enkripsi dan Dekripsi dalam versi aplikasi berbasis Android. Hasil penelitian berupa aplikasi berbasis Android yang dapat mengenkripsi sebagian  atau  semua  isi  E-mail  yang  dikirim  dan  dapat  mendeskripsi kembali  seperti  text  semula menggunakan algoritma Blowfish dengan kunci tertentu.
PENGARUH VARIASI TEMPERATUR TUANG TERHADAP KETANGGUHAN IMPAK DAN STRUKTUR MIKRO PADA PENGECORAN ALUMINIUM
Authors: Wijaya Mohammad Tofa , - Zubaidi , - Wijoyo
Published: January 2019

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menyelidiki pengaruh temperatur tuang terhadap ketangguhan impak dan struktur mikro hasil pengecoran paduan aluminium dengan menggunakan cetakan pasir. Bahan penelitian ini adalah paduan alumunium dari scrap aluminium, kemudian dilebur dan dituang ke dalam cetakan dengan variasi temperatur tuang dari 660 °C, 700 °C dan 740 °C. Pengujian impak dilakukan untuk mengetahui ketangguhan impak pada hasil coran dengan menggunakan alat uji impak Charpy (ASTM E 23-02a). Foto struktur mikro dilakukan dengan menggunakan mikroskop optik Nikon seri661103. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variasi temperatur tuang pada saat pengecoran berpengaruh terhadap nilai ketangguhan impak dan struktur mikro hasil coran. Dari tiga variasi temperatur tuang yang dilakukan, semakin tinggi temperatur tuang maka nilai ketangguhan impaknya juga semakin meningkat. Struktur mikro yang terbentuk dari  logam paduan aluminium coran secara umum memiliki bentuk struktur mikro berupa struktur dendrite.
IMPLEMENTASI KEAMANAN DATA MENGGUNAKAN ALGORITMA BLOWFISH PADA SISTEM INFORMASI KOPERASI RIAS
Authors: Althaf Susanto
Published: January 2019

Database merupakan tempat penyimpanan data dan informasi yang harus dijaga keamanan dan kerahasiaannya. Untuk menjaga keamanan dan kerahasiaannya data yang di simpan di dalam database menggunakan kriptografi. Sistem informasi koperasi RIAS merupakan sistem yang memproses data anggota, simpanan dan peminjaman sehingga data yang tersimpan harus terjamin kerahasiaannya. Guna menjaga keamanan data pada sistem informasi koperasi RIAS, menggunakan algoritma kriptografi simetris blowfish. Algoritma kriptografi simetris blowfish merupakan algoritma modern kunci simetris berbentuk cipher blok. Kunci simetris yang digunakan untuk enkripsi dan dekripsi harus sama, sehingga untuk mempermudah proses enkripsi dan dekripsi pada database yang jumlah datanya sangat banyak maka kunci public yang digunakan pada sistem informasi koperasi RIAS dimasukkan kedalam source code. Sistem informasi koperasi rias dibangun menggunakan bahasa pemrograman php dan database menggunakan MySQL
SISTEM KONTROL CATU DAYA, SUHU DAN KELEMBABAN UDARA BERBASIS ATMEGA 2560 PADA RUANG BUNKER SEISMOMETER
Authors: Mustarang Alhusen , Nugroho Hapsoro Agung
Published: January 2019

Bunker merupakan suatu ruang bawah tanah tempat seismometer dioperasikan. Suhu, kelembaban udara serta arus dan tegangan salah satu faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi kinerja seismometer. Monitoring dan kontrol terhadap faktor-faktor tersebut dapat mengurangi resiko kerusakan serta memperpanjang life time dari seismometer. Metodologi penelitian dilakukan dengan melakukan pengukuran terhadap suhu dan kelembaban menggunakan sensor SHT11 dengan kontrol ruang bunker menggunakan kipas DC. Pengukuran arus dan tegangan menggunakan sensor ACS712. Sensor tegangan yang dikontrol berdasarkan waktu pada Real Time Clock. Pengolahan hasil pengukuran menggunakan ATMega 2560 dan ditampilkan pada LCD. Monitoring terhadap keseluruhan sistem menggunakan komunikasi SMS. Pengujian sistem dilakukan dalam ruang bunker seismometer Sekolah Tinggi Meteorologi Klimatologi Dan Geofisika. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa sistem yang dirancang dapat bekerja dengan baik.
PENGARUH PELUMASAN TERHADAP KEAUSAN ALUMINIUM MENGGUNAKAN MESIN TWO DISK TRIBOMETER PADA 1000 RPM
Authors: Rif'an Ahmad , Hidayat Taufiq , Winarso Rochmad
Published: January 2019

Aluminium memiliki rasio kekuatan terhadap massa yang paling tinggi, sehingga banyak digunakan sebagai bahan komponen mesin, misalkan gesekan yang terjadi pada piston rem yang merupakan komponen penggerak dari sistem kerja rem hidrolis. Akibat dari kerja komponen tersebut maka akan timbul  adanya  pengikisan  permukaan  komponen.Tujuan  penelitian  ini  adalah  untuk  mengetahui fenomena keausan alumunium 6020 alloy dengan menggunakan metode pengujian two disk tribometer, yang dilakukan dengan pelumasan dan tanpa pelumasan pada pembebanan 10 kg dengan kecepatan putaran 1000 rpm, dan waktu 60 menit, setiap 10 menit dilakukan pengukuran keausan pada spesimen.Hasil pengujian keausan   pada spesimen yang terbuat dari material aluminium 6020 alloy dengan menggunakan pelumasan SAE 10W-30 dan tanpa pelumasan memperoleh kesimpulan bahwa setiap menit keausan pada disk meningkat, keausan dengan pelumasan mempengaruhi laju keausan pada spesimen uji  dengan nilai rata-rata laju keausannya sebesar 0,000466 mm3/N.m, sedangkan rata-rata laju keausan pada tanpa pelumasan  sebesar 0,000784 mm3/N.m. Laju keausan tanpa pelumasan lebih besar dari laju keausan dengan menggunakan pelumasan.
ANALISA POLA BELANJA MENGGUNAKAN ALGORITMA FP GROWTH, SELF ORGANIZING MAP (SOM) DAN K MEDOIDS
Authors: Ghozali Muhammad Imam , Ehwan Rif'an Zaenal , Sugiharto Wibowo Harry
Published: January 2019

Dalam sebuah bisnis, diperlukan upaya memaksimalkan keuntungan. Diantaranya dengan melakukan promosi. Ketepatan promosi dapat dipelajari dari database sebuah perusahaan ritel utamanya pola belanja pada produk yang baiasa dibeli bersamaan. Informasi tentang pola belanja pelanggan yang tidak akurat menyebabkan kebijakan promosi tidak tepat dan efisien.Salah satu upaya lazim untuk memperoleh dan menggali pola belanja pelanggan adalah menggunakan data mining yang dikenal sebagai Knowledge Discovery in Database (KDD). Pendekatan yang biasa digunakan adalah asosiasi. Permasalahannya adalah aturan asosiasi cenderung mengabaikan dataset yang besar. Untuk mengatasi hal tersebut dilakukan klasifikasi barang yang dibeli dan tidak dibeli bersamaan. Algoritma Self Organizing Map (SOM) dan K-Medoids cocok untuk diterapkan dalam mengkluster dataset besar. Penelitian ini akan menguji kevalidan dan kecepatan algortima Self Organizing Map (SOM) dan K-Medoids jika dikombinasi dengan Frequent Pattern-Growth (FP-Growth).
Perbandingan antara metode menyikat gigi Bass dan Charter terhadap pengendalian plak pada pemakai ortodonti cekat

Comparison between Bass and Charter toothbrushing methods for plaque control of fixed orthodontic users

Authors: Maharani Amelia , Rusyanti Yanti , Susanto Agus
Published: January 2019

Pendahuluan: Kebersihan mulut merupakan salah satu masalah pada pemakai ortodonti cekat karena gigi geligi lebih sulit dibersihkan, sehingga dapat meningkatkan akumulasi plak. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis dengan membandingkan metode menyikat gigi Bass dan Charter terhadap pengendalian plak pada pemakai ortodonti cekat. Metode: Jenis penelitian eksperimental dilakukan pada 32 orang mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Padjadjaran dengan metode single blind. Data dianalisis dengan uji two-way repeated measures ANOVA. Hasil: Tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara metode menyikat gigi Bass dan Charter (p>0,05), tetapi nilai plak menurun secara signifikan setelah menyikat gigi pada kedua kelompok (p<0,05). terdapat perbedaaan plak yang signifikan pada daerah servikal antara kedua metode (p<0,05). Simpulan: Metode Charter lebih efektif dalam menurunkan plak di daerah servikal, tetapi secara keseluruhan metode menyikat gigi Bass dan Charter memiliki efektivitas yang sama terhadap pengendalian plak pada pemakai ortodonti cekat.Kata kunci: Metode Bass, metode Charter, plak, ortodonti cekat. ABSTRACTIntroduction: Oral hygiene is one of the problems faced by fixed orthodontic users because it creates difficulties in cleaning the teeth thus increasing plaque accumulation. The purpose of this study was to analyse the difference between Bass and Charter toothbrushing methods for plaque control in fixed orthodontic users. Methods: This research was an experimental conducted towards as much as 32 students of the Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Padjadjaran with a single-blind method. All data were analysed by the two-way repeated measures ANOVA. Result: There were no significant differences between Bass and Charter tooth brushing methods (p > 0.05), but the plaque value decreased significantly after toothbrushing in both groups (p < 0.05). There were significant differences in the plaque in the cervical area between the two methods (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The Charter toothbrushing methods was proven to be more effective in reducing plaque in the cervical area, however, both Bass and Charter toothbrushing method had the same effectiveness on plaque control of fixed orthodontic users.Keywords: Fixed orthodontic appliances, plaque, Bass toothbrushing method, Charter toothbrushing method.
Perubahan kekuatan tarik dan tekan penambahan aluminium oksida pada bahan basis gigi tiruan resin akrilik polimerisasi panas
Authors: Rahmadita Actara
Published: January 2019

Pendahuluan: Resin akrilik polimerisasi panas merupakan bahan basis gigi tiruan yang paling banyak digunakan sejak tahun 1946. Resin akrilik polimerisasi panas (RAPP) memiliki estetis baik mudah dalam proses pembuatan dan perbaikan, biokompatibel, serta harga relatif murah. Selain itu, RAPP memiliki sifat kekuatan tarik dan tekan yang rendah, sehingga diperlukan modifikasi dengan penambahan bahan penguat pada RAPP berupa aluminium oksida (Al2O3) atau alumina. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan aluminium oksida pada bahan basis gigi tiruan RAPP terhadap kekuatan tarik dan tekan. Metode: Rancangan penelitian ini adalah eksperimental laboratories dengan 25 sampel berbentuk flat dumbbell shaped berukuran 60x12x3,9 (mm) untuk uji kekuatan tarik dan 25 sampel lainnya berbentuk balok dengan ukuran 10x10x4 (mm) untuk uji kekuatan tekan. Pencampuran bubuk resin-aluminium oksida konsentasi 0,5%, 1,5%, 2,5% dan 3,5% dengan cairan resin dilakukan secara manual. Sebelum dikuring adonan dimasukkan kedalam mold. Sampel yang telah dikuring kemudian dirapikan dan direndam dalam inkubator. Pengujian sampel dilakukan menggunakan alat universal testing machine (dengan beban 1000N dan kecepatan crosshead 1mm/menit). Hasil: Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan uji ANOVA satu arah dan uji LSD. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan bubuk aluminium oksida pada resin akrilik polimerisasi panas dapat menurunkan kekuatan tarik secara signifikan (p=0,0001 (p<0,05)) serta meningkatkan kekuatan tekan secara signifikan (p=0,0001 (p<0,05) seiring dengan meningkatnya jumlah konsentrasi aluminium oksida yang ditambahkan. Simpulan: Penambahan aluminium oksida dengan konsentrasi sebesar 0,5% pada bahan basis gigi tiruan RAPP sudah cukup untuk meningkatkan kekuatan tekan dan tidak menurunkan kekuatan tarik basis gigi tiruan RAPP menjadi terlalu rendah.
Homoeconomicus: the ultimate representative of rational economic behavior
Authors: KOÇASLAN Gelengül
Published: January 2019

Homoeconomicus is the top
player of economics. Economic theoretical insights, models, approaches and frameworks
are built upon homoeconomicus also known as economic human. In order to act consistent
with the theory and not to violate its basic tenets, homoeconomicus is equipped
with some spesific characteristic properties. Homoeconomicus is designed as an
unemotional, selfish, rational utility maximizer. In other words homoeconomicus
was born as a perfect representative of the theory. So it is a dual structure both
supports each other. This research aims to better understand homoeconomicus and
why and how homoeconomicus fails in real economic life.
Forced marriages as human rights violation
Authors: REVA Zeynep , POLAT Oguz
Published: January 2019

Forced marriage, which is not entered into only
with the free and full consent of the intending spouses, is violation of
internationally recognised human rights standards. In Turkey; there are many
types of forced marriage. Protecting perceived cultural or religious ideals is
the most significant factor leads to forced marriage. A forced marriage will be
a marriage where all kinds of violence in the family will most likely be
experienced. Some European countries made forced marriage into a criminal
offence, but it is not defined as a criminal offence in Turkey. This study aims
to point out the situation and the types of forced marriages in Turkey and
to bring suggestions to struggle with forced marriages.
Derechos de la naturaleza y justicia ecológica intergeneracional
Authors: Lamberti Alicia Morales
Published: January 2019

El reconocimiento de la función ambiental de los derechos en el ámbito del paradigma de la justicia ambiental intergeneracional, se ha visto influenciado progresivamente por la coexistencia de otro paradigma no necesariamente excluyente de aquél, basado en el reconocimiento de valores intrínsecos y derechos de la naturaleza, en el marco de una justicia ecológica intergeneracional.

Los derechos intergeneracionales y el reconocimiento de los derechos de la naturaleza, emancipada de su consideración como objeto (bien jurídico) y reconocida como sujeto de derechos, se presentan como derechos de cuarta y quinta generación que cuestionan las prevalentes concepciones antropocéntricas del derecho ambiental.

En ese marco, el análisis se centra en el progresivo reconocimiento normativo y jurisprudencial en numerosos países, de los valores intrínsecos y derechos de la naturaleza en el marco de una justicia ecológica intergeneracional, interpela acerca de los nuevos paradigmas que distinguen a actuales debates jurídicos y políticos, en torno a la relación entre los derechos humanos y el medio ambiente.
MEYER, LUKAS H. & SANKLECHA, PRANAY. Climate Justice and Historical Emissions. Cambridge University Press, 2017.
Authors: Portela Laura García
Published: January 2019

El libro Cambio Climático y Emisiones Históricas. surge como fruto del proyecto de investigación ‘Justicia climática. El significado de las emisiones históricas’ llevado a cabo en la Universidad de Graz entre los años 2010 y 2013. Es fruto también de los últimos años de intenso y concienzudo trabajo de sus editores, Lukas Meyer y Pranay Sanklecha. El libro recoge la investigación novedosa de algunos de los mejores investigadores en justicia climática de diferentes universidades del mundo. Todos ellos comparten la hipótesis que da sentido conjunto al texto, a saber: que el cambio climático debe ser analizado desde el punto de vista de la justicia intergeneracional en sus diferentes dimensiones temporales. Por ello, la justicia climática debe comprender una reflexión tanto sobre las emisiones futuras permisibles, como sobre significado moral de las emisiones del pasado. Uno de los debates más importantes y extendidos en el campo de la justicia climática es el de la distribución justa de las cargas asociadas al cambio climático. El debate gira en torno a tres diferentes principios morales como el principio de ‘los contaminadores pagan’ (PCP), el principio de ‘los beneficiarios pagan’ (PBP) y el principio moral de ‘los que tienen recursos pagan’ (PRP). El libro que aquí presento cuenta con diferentes capítulos que ejemplifican este debate, aún vivo, entre los defensores de diferentes principios y sus detractores.
Cambio climático y políticas públicas: un abordaje desde la teoría social del riesgo
Authors: Roth Agustin
Published: January 2019

El presente artículo aborda una problemática central de nuestros tiempos: el cambio climático. Este fenómeno produce en el presente consecuencias negativas y dañinas, y se espera que a futuro sus impactos vayan en aumento, amenazando no solamente la economía, el desarrollo y la naturaleza, sino la vida humana misma. El abordaje aquí propuesto será desde la “teoría de la sociedad del riesgo”, desarrollada por Beck y Giddens, quienes postulan que la sociedad contemporánea se enfrenta a enormes riesgos y amenazas: riesgos ambientales, nucleares, bélicos, etc.Dicho panorama, plantea un difícil desafío a las políticas públicas, ya que será fundamental diseñar nuevas políticas estratégicas que estén a la altura del problema, y puedan dar respuesta a los problemas que más preocupan al mundo.Se propone, por tanto, hacer un recorrido reflexivo por la teoría social del riesgo, y por los desafíos que enfrentan actualmente la política pública y el derecho ambiental para gestionar el cambio climático.
Editorial
Authors: Rangel Flaminio de Oliveira
Published: January 2019

Editorial
Single Center Experience Study with Pembrolizumab in Patients with BRAF Mutant Negative Metastatic Melanoma
Authors: Pejčić Ivica , Petković Ivan , Cvetanović Ana , Conić Irena
Published: January 2019

The aim of the paper was to determine the efficacy, toxicity and progression free survival with anti-PD-1 immunotherapy pembrolizumab in BRAF wild type metastatic melanoma patients with good performance status (ECOG PS 0-1). From February 2017 to April 2018, 17 patients with BRAF mutant wild type metastatic melanoma were enrolled in the study. Only 3/17 patient had received chemotherapy previously. The aim of the study was to confirm the efficacy of pembrolizumab immunotherapy in patients with good performance status (ECOG 0-1). Treatment consisted of pembrolizumab 2 mg/kg Q3 weeks continued until disease progression or intolerable toxicity. Secondary end points included toxicity and progression-free survival (defined as the time from randomization to documented disease progression according to RECIST). The overall response rate (ORR) was 11/17 (53.0 %), with complete response (CR) 0, partial response (PR) 3 (18 %), stable disease (SD) 8 (47%), and progressive disease (PD) 6 (35%). A total number of 97 consecutive cycles were administered. Adverse effects were mild. The most common toxicity was pneumonitis grade 1. None of the patients in the study demonstrated grade 2, 3 and 4 toxicity. No treatment-related deaths occurred. The median time to disease progression was 5.8 months. Anti-PD-1 pembrolizumab immunotherapy appeared to be a beneficial therapeutic approach with less toxicity for metastatic BRAF wild type melanoma patients with good PS.
The Role of Early Habilitation in Infants with Congenital Brachial Palsy
Authors: Živković Vesna D. , Stanković Ivona , Dimitrijević Lidija , Čolović Hristina , Spalević Marija , Savić Nataša
Published: January 2019

Congenital brachial palsy (CBP) can have long-term consequences such as deformities, contractures and growth imbalance of the affected arm and shoulder girdle that can lead to severe handicap. The aim of the paper was to determine the effectiveness of early habilitation in infants with CBP. This retrospective clinical study included 34 infants who were habilitated in the Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinic, Clinical Center Niš, during the period from 2000 to 2017. The protocol consisted of passive and active-assisted range of motion exercises for the affected arm, neurodevelopmental treatment, warm packs and electrotherapy, starting from the 3rd week of life. At the Clinic, 20 sessions were conducted and parents were educated with handling and home exercise program. The infants were re-evaluated each month during the first year of life. The modification of the manual muscle test (MMT) was used to assess the muscle strength (grades 0- 3). At 6 and 12 months of age, the outcome was defined as a full recovery (grade 3 of the affected muscles) and partial recovery (grades 1-2). Male sex predominated (56%). The right arm was more commonly affected (65%). Birth weight was over 4000g in 65% of infants. Fifty-nine percent of infants had upper, 26.5% "extended" and 14.5% had complete root palsy. Associated injuries were noted in 10 infants. The habilitation started in the first month of life in 64.7% of infants. At 6 months of age, full recovery was achieved only in one infant, while at 12 months, 56% of infants were fully recovered (p < 0.05). The majority of fully recovered infants was from the group with the upper type of lesion (p < 0.05). Early habilitation program is effective in infants with CBP. It is especially effective in the upper root palsy.
Comparison of the Effects of Artemisia Vaginal Cream and Clotrimazole on Vaginal Candidiasis Infection
Authors: Mohammad Ala Saber , Zagami Samira Ebrahimzadeh , Golmakani Nahid , Asili Mohammad Javad , Naseri Ali , Parian-Novghani Mahmood , Saki Azaddeh
Published: January 2019

Candida vaginitis is the second most common vaginal infection which is treatable by azole. Overconsumption of azole is associated with resistance to drug and treatment failure. Studies conducted in laboratory conditions confirm the anti-fungal effects of Artemisia plant. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of vaginal Artemisia cream and clotrimazole on vaginal candidiasis infection. This is a clinical triple-blind trial that was performed on 72 non-pregnant women referred to Mashhad health centers in 2012-2017. After confirmation of Candida infection, the research units were randomly allocated into two groups: Artemisia and clotrimazole vaginal cream recipients treated for 7 nights. After the treatment, the data were analyzed by SPSS software (version 24). The results of the study showed that the mean reduction in the score of signs and symptoms of vaginal Candida infection was 7.4 ± 4. 1 and 7.6 ± 3.8 in the Artemisia and clotrimazole group, respectively. Wilcoxon test showed that improvement in both groups treated by Artemisia and clotrimazole was significantly higher than before treatment (p < 0.001). There was no significant difference between the two groups regarding the improvement of symptoms (p > 0.05). Acta facultatis medicae Naissensis 2018; 35(4):299-310 The present study showed that Artemisia vaginal cream and clotrimazole cream both improved the symptoms related to vaginal Candida infection. In addition, the therapeutic effect of the two drugs was not statistically significant in comparison with each other. Therefore, it can be used as an alternative treatment for vaginal candidiasis.
Does Penis Size Influence Sexual Behaviour of Men who Have Sex with Men?
Authors: Bjekić Milan , Šipetić-Grujičić Sandra , Vlajinac Hristina , Dunić Ivana
Published: January 2019

Penis size is a major body image concern for the majority of men in western nations, while in gay culture the penis has become a body part linked to sexual attractiveness and viability. The aim of this study was to reveal influence of the perceived penis size on sexual behaviour, condom use, sexually transmitted infections and men’s sexual positioning among men who have sex with men. In this cross-sectional study, the data were collected from consecutive men who have sex with men who attended Counselling for Sexually Transmitted Diseases at the City Institute for Skin and Venereal Diseases in Belgrade, Serbia. Out of 319 participants, 6.6% perceived their penis as "below average", 71.5% as "average", and 21.9% as "above average". In comparison with men with an average penis, men with below average penis were more frequently unsatisfied with their penis size (p < 0.05), more frequently lied to others about their penis size (p < 0.001) and took more frequently the passive sexual role (p < 0.05). Men with above average penis were more frequently satisfied with their penis size (p < 0.001), took more frequently the active sexual role (p < 0.01), they had more sexual partners (p < 0.05), more problems with a tight condom (p < 0.001) and more gonorrhoea/Chlamydia infections (p < 0.001) than men with an average penis. Perception of one’s penis size was associated with some aspects of sexual behaviour and the frequency of sexually transmitted diseases.
Error Analysis for Determination of Accuracy of Johnson’s Formula, Dare’s Formula and Mother's Opinion for the Estimation of Birth Weight: Results of an Iranian Cross‐Sectional Study
Authors: Alirezaei Somayeh , Azmoude Elham , Ghaderi Asma
Published: January 2019

Accurate fetal weight estimation is important for the management of birth. According to the existing literature, none of the clinical techniques is superior to any other. This study aimed to compare error analysis for the determination of the accuracy of Johnson’s formula, Dare’s formula and mother's opinion for the estimation of birth weight. A cross-sectional study involving 147 full-term, cephalic, singleton pregnancies, was performed. The mother’s opinion was recorded and Johnson’s and Dare’s formulas were used to calculate the fetal weight. Accuracy was determined by percentage error, absolute percentage error, and proportion of estimates within 10% of actual birth-weight. Statistical analysis was done using the RM ANOVA, Friedman and Cochran. P < 0.05 was considered significant. The birth weight was correctly estimated in 34.7%, 58.5%, 66% of the cases using the mother’s estimate, Dare’s and Johnson’s formulas. Respectively the proportion of the mother's estimate and Dare’s formula was significantly lower than that of Johnson’s formula for all birth weights. No significant difference was observed in all the measures of accuracy for the low birth-weight range. The mean error of Johnson's formula in both normal weight and macrosomic groups was less than those obtained by the Dare's formula and mother's opinion. The Johnson’s formula is more accurate in actual birth weight estimation than the Dare ’s one and mother's opinion. In the normal weight range, Johnson’s formula is more accurate of the two, while in the macrosomic group, Dare’s formula appears to be more accurate.
Mitral-Valve Endocarditis due to Candida albicans: A Case Report
Authors: Babazadeh Arefeh , Ebrahimpour Soheil , Omran Mohammad Taghi Salehi , Darabi Zeinab Ahangar , Karkhah Ahmad , Abedi Seyed Hamid , Bayani Masomeh
Published: January 2019

Infective endocarditis (IE) is a serious infection among endovascular infections. Fungal endocarditis, especially caused by Candida albicans, is very rare, and its diagnosis is often difficult due to the negative results of blood culture and the presence of nonspecific symptoms. In this study, a patient who developed endocarditis on a normal valve due to infection with Candida albicans is presented.
Finite–Time Adaptive Modified Function Projective Multi–Lag Generalized Compound Synchronization for Multiple Uncertain Chaotic Systems
Authors: Li Qiaoping , Liu Sanyang , Chen Yonggang
Published: January 2019

In this paper, for multiple different chaotic systems with fully unknown parameters, a novel synchronization scheme called ‘modified function projective multi-lag generalized compound synchronization’ is put forward. As an advantage of the new method, not only the addition and subtraction, but also the multiplication of multiple chaotic systems are taken into consideration. This makes the signal hidden channels more abundant and the signal hidden methods more flexible. By virtue of finite-time stability theory and an adaptive control technique, a finite-time adaptive control scheme is established to realize the finite-time synchronization and to properly evaluate the unknown parameters. A detailed theoretical derivation and a specific numerical simulation demonstrate the feasibility and validity of the advanced scheme.
Fault Diagnosis in Nonlinear Hybrid Systems
Authors: Zhirabok Alexey , Shumsky Alexey
Published: January 2019

The problem of fault diagnosis in hybrid systems is investigated. It is assumed that the hybrid systems under consideration consist of a finite automaton, a set of nonlinear difference equations and the so-called mode activator that coordinates the action of the other two parts. To solve the fault diagnosis problem, hybrid residual generators based on both diagnostic observers and parity relations are used. It is shown that the hybrid nature of the system imposes some restrictions on the possibility of creating such generators. Sufficient solvability conditions of the fault diagnosis problem are found. Examples illustrate details of the solution.
A Memory–Efficient Noninteger–Order Discrete–Time State–Space Model of a Heat Transfer Process
Authors: Oprzędkiewicz Krzysztof , Mitkowski Wojciech
Published: January 2019

A new, state space, discrete-time, and memory-efficient model of a one-dimensional heat transfer process is proposed. The model is derived directly from a time-continuous, state-space semigroup one. Its discrete version is obtained via a continuous fraction expansion method applied to the solution of the state equation. Fundamental properties of the proposed model, such as decomposition, stability, accuracy and convergence, are also discussed. Results of experiments show that the model yields good accuracy in the sense of the mean square error, and its size is significantly smaller than that of the model employing the well-known power series expansion approximation.
Interconnection and Damping Assignment Passivity–Based Control of an Underactuated 2–DOF Gyroscope
Authors: Cordero Gustavo , Santibáñez Víctor , Dzul Alejandro , Sandoval Jesús
Published: January 2019

In this paper we present interconnection and damping assignment passivity-based control (IDA-PBC) applied to a 2 degrees of freedom (DOFs) underactuated gyroscope. First, the equations of motion of the complete system (3-DOF) are presented in both Lagrangian and Hamiltonian formalisms. Moreover, the conditions to reduce the system from a 3-DOF to a 2- DOF gyroscope, by using Routh’s equations of motion, are shown. Next, the solutions of the partial differential equations involved in getting the proper controller are presented using a reduction method to handle them as ordinary differential equations. Besides, since the gyroscope has no potential energy, it presents the inconvenience that neither the desired potential energy function nor the desired Hamiltonian function has an isolated minimum, both being only positive semidefinite functions; however, by focusing on an open-loop nonholonomic constraint, it is possible to get the Hamiltonian of the closed-loop system as a positive definite function. Then, the Lyapunov direct method is used, in order to assure stability. Finally, by invoking LaSalle’s theorem, we arrive at the asymptotic stability of the desired equilibrium point. Experiments with an underactuated gyroscopic mechanical system show the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.
Adaptive Backstepping Tracking Control for an over–Actuated DP Marine Vessel with Inertia Uncertainties
Authors: Witkowska Anna , Śmierzchalski Roman
Published: January 2019

Designing a tracking control system for an over-actuated dynamic positioning marine vessel in the case of insufficient information on environmental disturbances, hydrodynamic damping, Coriolis forces and vessel inertia characteristics is considered. The designed adaptive MIMO backstepping control law with control allocation is based on Lyapunov control theory for cascaded systems to guarantee stabilization of the marine vessel position and heading. Forces and torque computed from the adaptive control law are allocated to individual thrusters by employing the quadratic programming method in combination with the cascaded generalized inverse algorithm, the weighted least squares algorithm and the minimal least squares algorithm. The effectiveness of the proposed control scheme is demonstrated by simulations involving a redundant set of actuators. The evaluation criteria include energy consumption, robustness, as well accuracy of tracking during typical vessel operation.
Comparison of Prototype Selection Algorithms Used in Construction of Neural Networks Learned by SVD
Authors: Jankowski Norbert
Published: January 2019

Radial basis function networks (RBFNs) or extreme learning machines (ELMs) can be seen as linear combinations of kernel functions (hidden neurons). Kernels can be constructed in random processes like in ELMs, or the positions of kernels can be initialized by a random subset of training vectors, or kernels can be constructed in a (sub-)learning process (sometimes by k-means, for example). We found that kernels constructed using prototype selection algorithms provide very accurate and stable solutions. What is more, prototype selection algorithms automatically choose not only the placement of prototypes, but also their number. Thanks to this advantage, it is no longer necessary to estimate the number of kernels with time-consuming multiple train-test procedures. The best results of learning can be obtained by pseudo-inverse learning with a singular value decomposition (SVD) algorithm. The article presents a comparison of several prototype selection algorithms co-working with singular value decomposition-based learning. The presented comparison clearly shows that the combination of prototype selection and SVD learning of a neural network is significantly better than a random selection of kernels for the RBFN or the ELM, the support vector machine or the kNN. Moreover, the presented learning scheme requires no parameters except for the width of the Gaussian kernel.
The Feature Selection Problem in Computer–Assisted Cytology
Authors: Kowal Marek , Skobel Marcin , Nowicki Norbert
Published: January 2019

Modern cancer diagnostics is based heavily on cytological examinations. Unfortunately, visual inspection of cytological preparations under the microscope is a tedious and time-consuming process. Moreover, intra- and inter-observer variations in cytological diagnosis are substantial. Cytological diagnostics can be facilitated and objectified by using automatic image analysis and machine learning methods. Computerized systems usually preprocess cytological images, segment and detect nuclei, extract and select features, and finally classify the sample. In spite of the fact that a lot of different computerized methods and systems have already been proposed for cytology, they are still not routinely used because there is a need for improvement in their accuracy. This contribution focuses on computerized breast cancer classification. The task at hand is to classify cellular samples coming from fine-needle biopsy as either benign or malignant. For this purpose, we compare 5 methods of nuclei segmentation and detection, 4 methods of feature selection and 4 methods of classification. Nuclei detection and segmentation methods are compared with respect to recall and the F1 score based on the Jaccard index. Feature selection and classification methods are compared with respect to classification accuracy. Nevertheless, the main contribution of our study is to determine which features of nuclei indicate reliably the type of cancer. We also check whether the quality of nuclei segmentation/detection significantly affects the accuracy of cancer classification. It is verified using the test set that the average accuracy of cancer classification is around 76%. Spearman’s correlation and chi-square test allow us to determine significantly better features than the feature forward selection method.
Nequick2 Model Behaviour for Global Ionospheric Delay Mitigation During Solar Cycle-24
Authors: Farah Ashraf
Published: January 2019

The ionospheric delay is the major current source of potential range delay for single-frequency GNSS users. Different ionospheric delay mitigation methods have been developed to mitigate the ionospheric delay effects for single-frequency users. The NeQuick is a quick-run ionospheric electron density model particularly designed for trans-ionospheric propagation applications developed at the Aeronomy and Radio propagation Laboratory of the Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics (ICTP), Italy. NeQuick2 is the latest version of the NeQuick ionosphere electron density model. NeQuick model been used by the European Space Agency (ESA) European Geostationary Navigation Overlay Service (EGNOS) project for assessment analysis and has been adopted for single-frequency positioning applications in the frame work of the European satellite navigation system (Galileo). NeQuick2 model adopted modifications related to the modeling of the F1 layer peak electron density, height and thickness parameter. Also, a new formulation of the shape parameter k has been adopted. This paper presents a global study for the behavior of the modified NeQuick2 model. The zenith ionospheric range delay correction by the model has been assessed using the highly accurate IGS-Global Ionospheric Maps (IGS-GIMs) for two different-latitude stations (Aswan, Egypt) (low-latitude) (24.1o N) and (Helsinki, Finland) (high-latitude) (60.2o N). The study was carried out during current solar cycle-24 over three different months that each of them reflects a different state of solar activity. It can be concluded that NeQuick2 model globally presents overestimation for ionospheric delay for quiet and medium ionospheric activity states respectively, while the model presents underestimation for high activity state of the ionosphere layer.
Preservice Teacher Perceptions of Preparedness to Teach in Inclusive Settings as an Indicator of Teacher Preparation Program Effectiveness
Authors: Stites Michele L. , Rakes Christopher R. , Noggle Amy K. , Shah Sabrina
Published: January 2019

This mixed methods study examined preservice teacher perceptions of their needs related to inclusion. The study examined 120 early childhood and elementary preservice teachers from two universities, from both general and special education programs. Inclusion has been considered best practice in education for many years; however, how to best facilitate inclusive practices to meet the needs of all learners remains an area of uncertainty for preservice teachers. Prior research has connected perceptions of preparedness to effective inclusive practices. A survey was developed and validated about inclusion and perceptions of preparedness to teach in an inclusive setting. The survey included both Likert-scale items and open response questions. Exploratory factor analysis was used to examine the structure of the survey. Descriptive statistics, analysis of variance, and multiple regression were used to examine the quantitative results. Responses to open-ended questions were coded to identify qualitative themes. The findings indicated that preservice teachers lacked a coherent understanding of inclusion and perceived themselves as needing additional development to be fully prepared to teach in an inclusive setting. The results suggest that teacher preparation programs need to provide a more coherent conceptual framework to guide the enhancement of both course and field work related to inclusion and effective inclusive practices.
Sustainability in English Academic Writing: The Binary Dilemma on Pronoun Utilization
Authors: Bada Erdogan , Genc Bilal
Published: January 2019

Discussion on sexism regarding language focuses on how women are discriminated against in our daily language and in academic writing. Although we are against any kind of discrimination, when it comes to dealing with this phenomenon in language and language use, we should be more careful. Language is not only a symbolic means whereby humans interact, it is also a product of human intellectual activity imbued with various experiences of our past and recent ancestors. Thus, it is also a reflection of our society’s conceptual system through which we interpret physical and mental phenomena. In this paper, we have analyzed views regarding sexism and language; tried to display how improving the so-called injustices in language would result in some dire situations which may have never been foreseen. We finally put forth our own solutions to overcome the problems of sexism in academic writing.