bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Influence of E-Assessment on Students’ Cognitive Engagement in Higher Education
Authors: Laaziz Youssef , Chemsi Ghizlane , Radid Mohamed
Published: May 2024

The electronic assessment, or e-assessment, is one of the most important topics to address, especially considering the transformations that higher education is undergoing in the digital age. In this study, we examine the effect of e-assessment on students’ cognitive engagement. By employing a quantitative approach, we conducted a survey using questionnaires to gather data from 41 students in the Faculty of Arts and Humanities at Hassan II University in Casablanca and 105 students’ teachers from the El Jadida regional center for education and training. The main aim of this study is to demonstrate the influence of e-assessment on students’ cognitive engagement. The participants were divided into two groups: the first group included 41 students from the Faculty of Arts and Humanities, with 20 students participating in the traditional paper-based assessment and 21 students undergoing e-assessment through the Kahoot platform. The second group comprises 105 trainee teacher students from the regional center for education and training professions in El Jadida, with 65 students undergoing paper assessment and 40 students undergoing e-assessments. Our questionnaire assessed the impact of e-assessment on participants’ cognitive engagement. The Cronbach’s alpha value was 0.959 for the first group and 0.982 for the second group. According to the results of the study, e-assessment influences cognitive engagement. However, students subjected to traditional paper-based evaluations show less commitment and involvement in courses.
البيئة السكنية في المدينة الصحراوية، بين الممارسات الاجتماعية والتشريعات العمرانية حي المخادمة -مدينة ورڨلة-
Authors: ساعد سعود وحيد , الذيب بلقاسم , بشيري حمزة
Published: May 2024

تهدف هذه الورقة لبحث واقع حي المخادمة العتيق في مدينة ورقلة، وتحليل التغيّرات التي يعرفها هذا الحي باستمرار، إذ تحوّل من إقامة سكنية إلى نسيج عمراني يفتقد للكثير من القيم المعمارية والعمرانية، حيث نسعى إلى الوقوف على مدى تواؤم الممارسة الاجتماعية في مجالات هذا النسيج العمراني مع مضامين التشريع المعمول به حاضرا، ثم استشراف مستقبل مثل هذه النسج العمرانية التي تزخر بقيم معمارية عمرانية مهدّدة بالتلاشي بعد أن شكلت لوقت طويل القوة المحركة للمجتمع المحلي.اعتمدت الدراسة في بنائها على منهجين متكاملين، أولهما المنهج الوصفي التاريخي وثانيهما تحليلي تطبيقي، وذلك بتوظيف مجموعة من الآليات المنهجية المعمول بها: الملاحظة، الاستبيان، والمحادثة. وأظهرت نتائج الدراسة تنوعا في البنية القانونية المسيّرة للمجال الحضري مع ضعف في آلياتها التنفيذية، كما أبرزت هيمنة العرف السائد، والقائم على الوحدات القرابية المتعايشة في توجيه الممارسات الاجتماعية لتحقيق تلاؤم ممارسات المجتمع المحلي مع المجال. كما بينت أن التسيير الحضري المخطط بواسطة الوسائل المعروفة لا يتيح إلا هامشا بسيطا من التشاركية مع سكان الحي، أو من يمثلهم، في تحديد حاضر الحي ومستقبله.
Elevating Business Experiences
Authors: Waghambare Mehul , Prabhu Sandeep , Ashok P. , Natraj N. A.
Published: May 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic is altering the ways in which we connect with one another, communicate with one another, and work together. The economic crisis brought about a fast transformation in both the “what” and the “how” of businesses. There has been a shift in recent years towards conducting business online. This shift includes selling things, generating leads, and establishing connections with clients. The emergence of the chatbot as a trend is one that is contributing to the reduction of the social distance that exists between customers and businesses. A chatbot is a software programme that is created for conversations that are meant to sound human. This study seeks to determine the extent to which many businesses have implemented the tool into their communication strategy. Additionally, the chapter attempts to put forward an understanding of chatbots marketing and the usage of chatbots in the process of online purchasing. In addition to this, the chapter makes an effort to discuss at length the design in such a manner that it will operate at its highest possible level in terms of user acquisition.
Deep Learning Models for Detecting Software Defects
Authors: Singh Kalpana , Aggarwal Alankrita
Published: May 2024

Software defect classification must be automated in order to ensure software dependability, as the use of automatic software-based applications grows. This chapter suggests an automatic software defect classification approach that is expert-based. The technique of grouping defects into predetermined categories is known as defect report categorization. Recently, numerous machine learning (ML) techniques have been introduced to classify defects into different categories. This study suggests a classification model that creates new word embeddings from defect reports using deep learning (DL) models, specifically the long short-term memory (LSTM) network, recurrent neural network (RNN), convolution neural network (CNN), and multilayer perceptron (MLP). The outcomes are compared to pre-trained word embedding using Google's word2vec in terms of recall, accuracy, and precision. The experimental results show that LSTM outperforms the other models used in the investigation. The maximum accuracy that LSTM can attain on the redmine dataset is 70%.
Analytical Case Studies of Smart Cities in Urban Service Sectors
Authors: Alhakimi Asmaa Mahfoud
Published: May 2024

The concept of smart cities integrates advanced technologies to enhance urban living. This research analyzes smart technologies in education, healthcare, and transportation, aiming to understand their impact on efficiency, accessibility, and sustainability. It explores how smart city solutions reshape learning, healthcare, and mobility, examining digital integration, health tech adoption, and transportation innovations. Through case studies, it evaluates outcomes, access, and effectiveness in these sectors. The findings contribute to understanding smart city technology's relationships with urban services, offering insights for policymakers and planners. Ultimately, the study aims to interpret sustainable development through smart technology for diverse urban populations.
Clustering and Unsupervised Learning
Authors: Tirthyani Divyani , Kumar Sunil , Vats Shally
Published: May 2024

Machine learning (ML) is an approach driven by data, wherein computers acquire knowledge from information without requiring human interference. Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) have made significant contributions across diverse research domains, leading to enhanced outcomes. Clustering is defined as a fundamental challenge in various data-driven fields, representing an unsupervised learning model. Unsupervised learning methods and algorithms encompass the Apriori algorithm, ECLAT algorithm, frequent pattern growth algorithm, k-means clustering, and principal components analysis. Unsupervised learning methods have achieved notable success in fields such as machine vision, speech recognition, the development of autonomous vehicles, and natural language processing. This chapter provides a brief explanation of unsupervised clustering approaches. It also discusses literature review, intriguing challenges, and future prospects in the realm of unsupervised deep clustering.
Deep Learning-Based Speech Emotional Analysis Using Convolution Neural Network
Authors: Aruna S. , Usha G. , Saranya A. , Maheswari M. , Annapoorna Sai Sriram Mandalika M.
Published: May 2024

Deep learning (DL) as a part of artificial intelligence (AI) uses neural networks to create models and perform tasks that would otherwise require human intelligence. DL techniques are used to predict human emotions from audio signals in the speech emotion recognition (SpEmRe) process. SpEmRe is a system capable of identifying different types of emotion in audio samples. For the SpEmRe process to be successful, bi-directional long short-term memory (Bi-LSTM) model, addressing the growing interest in understanding and interpreting human emotions through speech. The objective was to develop a deep learning model capable of accurately identifying and classifying emotional states from speech data. The training phase achieved a high accuracy, indicating the model proficiency in learning from the dataset. A SpEmRe model is built using hybrid features fed to a convolutional neural network (CNN). Detailed experiments are conducted to verify the performance of an improved convolution neural network - bi-directional long short-term memory algorithm (CNN-BiLSTM) with other ML algorithms.
Case Studies and Practical Implementation of Biomimicry in Bio-Inspired Optimization
Authors: Jain Vishal , Mitra Archan
Published: May 2024

The chapter delves into the empirical investigation of biomimicry's applications across diverse sectors, emphasizing its pivotal role in enhancing intelligent decision-making processes. Employing a qualitative case study analysis, this research meticulously evaluates three distinct applications: the Speedo Fastskin swimsuits, the Shinkansen Bullet Train in Japan, and the Eastgate Centre in Harare. These case studies were judiciously selected based on criteria such as impact, innovation, data availability, and their exemplary demonstration of biomimicry principles. This study uncovers biomimicry's profound ability to foster technological efficiency, support sustainable architectural design, and enhance human performance, thereby raising ethical considerations in competitive sports. The findings illuminate biomimicry's versatility as a problem-solving tool, demonstrating its potential to generate innovative, effective, and enduring solutions across various industries. By aligning with the theoretical frameworks of pioneers like Janine Benyus, this research underscores the importance of integrating biomimicry into decision-making frameworks, showcasing its contributions to sustainable innovation and intelligent problem-solving. Despite facing challenges such as potential geographic bias and reliance on qualitative analysis, the study significantly advances our understanding of biomimicry's practical applications in intelligent decision-making, advocating for further research to expand its scope and incorporate quantitative methodologies. This research serves as a vital resource for practitioners, decision-makers, and researchers keen on leveraging nature-inspired solutions across different fields, marking a substantial stride towards comprehending and applying biomimicry for wise decision-making and sustainable development.
Intelligent Decision Making Through Bio-Inspired Optimization
Authors: Preethi M. , Chellam J. Angel Ida , Selvi M. Senthamil
Published: May 2024

Recently, there has been widespread use of bio-inspired optimisation approaches to optimise solutions in domains including biology, mathematics, and computer science. In order to address the issues with traditional optimisation algorithms, bio-inspired optimisation problems are typically nonlinear and constrained by multiple nonlinear constraints. Recent trends have tended to apply bio-inspired optimisation algorithms, which show promise for resolving challenging optimisation issue. In the realm of optimization and decision-making, there is a growing interest in harnessing the power of bio-inspired algorithms to solve complex problems efficiently and effectively. This chapter provides an overview of the research focused on the integration of genetic algorithms (GAs) with decision-making processes, drawing inspiration from biological evolution. A comprehensive framework for implementing artificial intelligence (AI) activities like learning, categorization, and optimisation is offered by the evolutionary algorithm known as the genetic algorithm (GA).
Role of Bioinspired Optimization Algorithms in Medical Image Steganography for Healthcare Applications
Authors: Issac Bini M. , Kumar S. N.
Published: May 2024

Steganography is the practice of hiding one piece of information within another, and in the context of medical images, it involves concealing sensitive patient data within the images for secure transmission and storage. Bioinspired algorithms play a significant role in medical image steganography for healthcare applications. They may be used to design complex encryption and embedding schemes that are difficult for unauthorized users to break. These algorithms mimic the robustness of biological systems against various attacks. They can be employed to find the best locations within the medical images to hide data while minimizing the impact on image quality. Bioinspired algorithms, such as genetic algorithms or swarm intelligence, are also used to create adaptive systems that optimize the embedding process according to specific criteria. Bioinspired algorithms may be designed to ensure that the hidden data remains robust even when the images are subjected to compression or noise reduction processes. This enhances the reliability of the steganography technique in practical healthcare scenarios. Bioinspired algorithms can be optimized for speed and efficiency, enabling rapid embedding and extraction of data from medical images without significant delays. In this chapter, the authors do a comparative study of the various bioinspired algorithms for medical image steganography.
Performance Evaluation of Genetic Algorithm for Medical Image Retrieval
Authors: Renukadevi N. T. , Saraswathi K. , Nandhinidevi S.
Published: May 2024

Medical imaging is the procedure of generating diagnostic and treatment images of the human body, utilizing techniques such as traditional x-rays, magnetic resonance imaging, and positron emission tomography. The sheer volume of digital medical images stored in repositories poses a significant challenge for efficient access. To address this, content-based image retrieval is employed on visually analyzing the contents of a query image to retrieve relevant images. CBIR involves two key processes: feature extraction and feature matching. The primary hurdle in CBIR lies in developing flexible methodologies capable of processing diverse images with varying characteristics like color, shape, etc. This chapter concentrates on the retrieval of medical imagery as of various data sources and assesses the performance of machine learning classifiers, including support vector machine methodologies, with the aim of enhancing classification accuracy. In order to enhance the performance of classifiers, genetic algorithm is used as the tool for optimizing and for decision making for quick retrieval.
Efetividade da proteína / creatinina na amostra isolada de urina na avaliação da nefrite lupica
Authors: Yamada Sergio Seiji , Donadio Paulo Roberto , Sanches Sueny de Paula Munarin , Borghi Fernanda , Sekiyama Juliana Yuri
Published: May 2024

O Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico (LES) é uma doença inflamatória crônica autoimune, cuja etiopatogenia envolve múltiplos genes, fatores hormonais e ambientais. Uma das mais sérias complicações do LES é a nefrite lúpica (NL), sendo definidora de mal prognóstico. Este estudo analítico observacional tem como objetivo avaliar a possibilidade de utilização da relação proteína/ creatinina em amostra isolada urinária para acompanhamento dos pacientes com nefrite lúpica, através da comparação com a proteinúria de 24 horas (P24h). Foram analisados e correlacionados os resultados de P24h e relação P/C urinária de 77 pacientes com LES acompanhados em um ambulatório especializado de um hospital universitário, sendo 34 deles com nefrite estabelecida e 43 sem evidências de nefrite. Foi realizada a análise de correlação e concordância, para tanto, sendo utilizados o coeficiente de correlação de Pearson, método de Bland-Altman plot, e coeficiente de concordância de Lin. Das  amostras pareadas de 89 pacientes, 12 (13,5%)  foram excluídas, 10 delas devido coleta inadequada e 2 por resultados de proteinúria em níveis nefróticos e destoantes com os demais. É importante considerar que a proteinúria de 24 horas permanece como o padrão ouro para o diagnóstico de doenças proteinúricas e é o parâmetro mais utilizado em doenças glomerulares. No entanto, a coleta de urina amostra isolada para determinar a relação P / C tem algumas vantagens em relação à facilidade de coleta, confiabilidade quanto ao seguimento das instruções, precisão e rápido diagnóstico.
Determining the Properties of Unfired Stabilized Kaolinitic Clay Brick for Sustainable Construction
Authors: Odeyemi Samson Olalekan , Adegun Abdulqudus Adeyanju , Adisa Michael Oluwasegun
Published: May 2024

Kaolin is one of the most vital industrial minerals whose application is reliant on its chemistry and structural makeup. This research attempts to determine the properties of unfired kaolinitic clay bricks for sustainable construction. Samples of the material were pre-treated and analyzed to obtain their physical and refractory properties, such as chemical composition, microstructure, moisture content, dry density, linear shrinkage, plastic index, and crushing strength. The results revealed that the clay comprises high percentages of silicon and alumina oxides being 75.6% and 17.0% of the total oxide composition respectively. The clay also contained some residual impurities in the form of metallic oxides i.e., oxides of iron, sodium, calcium, potassium, manganese, and lead. Characterization tests on the clay presented a specific gravity of 2.66, liquid limit of 38, plastic limit of 25.9, and plasticity index of 12.1 which classifies the clay as low-plasticity clay based on the Unified Soil Classification System. The river sand used was distributed between 0.06 – 3 mm falling within the category of medium and fine sand. The aggregate fineness modulus was obtained as 3.03%. The coefficient of uniformity was lower than 4.0 and thus classified as being uniformly graded. Stabilization of the clay with sand and lime resulted in decreased compression and flexural strength but increased durability. The results imply that kaolinitic clay can be used in an unfired form for earth construction.
Flexural Performance of Repaired RC Beams with Grouting and GFRP Sheet Equipped with Anchors
Authors: Ali Muhammad , Djamaluddin Rudy , Irmawaty Rita , Fakhruddin Fakhruddin , Sila Ardi Azis
Published: May 2024

In this study, an experiment was performed on flexural behavior of RC beam that experienced spalling due to corrosion. The spalled concrete was repaired using grouted mortar, while the lost reinforcement area was replaced with Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) sheets. The effectiveness of these repairs relied heavily on the bond between the existing and new concrete, ensuring no delamination occurred under maximum load. To enhance this bond, connectors or dyna-bolt anchors were incorporated into the joint area. Eight RC beam were prepared, each with a cross-section of 150 mm x 200 mm and length of 3300 mm, consisting of 1) two existing beams (BE), 2) two beams repaired with grouting and GFRP sheet (BGS), 3) two beams with grouting, GFRP sheet, and the addition of 4 anchors (BGS-DN4), and 4) two beams with grouting, GFRP sheet, and the addition of 8 anchors (BGS-DN8). The repaired area was 2700 mm long and 50 mm thick, and then flexural testing using four-point loads was conducted on all specimens. The results showed that RC beam repaired with mortar grouting and GFRP sheets, along with the inclusion of 4 dyna-bolt anchors in the connection area (BGS-DN4), could increase the maximum load by 61% compared to BE. This repair method improved the bond between the existing concrete and the repair material, effectively preventing delamination.
Eggshells Utilisation in Polymer Composites
Authors: Kumar Sachin , Patel Dinesh Kumar , Sharma Hari Om , Kumar Shiv Ranjan
Published: May 2024

The outer covering of a hard shelled egg is known as eggshell. These are obtained from various sources like egg stations, chicken hatcheries industries and homes in different weights. It is a kind of waste which is considered not be used anywhere. It can produce hydroxyapatite which is considered most effective component of bone. This can have applications in medical supplements, bone graft substitute, floor tiles and in cements in order to improve strength but here discussion is limited to polymer composite. In composite fabrication egg shell waste is utilized, as it not only enhances the strength of composite but also provides us solution for the proper disposal waste egg shell. This review paper presents the brief insight of utilization of egg shell waste in polymer composite so as to improve its strength. From this review paper it may be concluded that research on tribological behavior of egg shell is less so it can be implemented in different sectors like metal matrix composite etc.
Comparative Review of Mechanical Properties of Rice Straw and RiceHusk Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composite
Authors: Patel Dinesh Kumar , Kumar Sachin , Sharma Hari Om , Kumar Shiv Ranjan
Published: May 2024

Rice straw and rice husk fibers (RS/RH) reinforced polymer-based composites have theability to conserve wood and petroleum resources. As natural filler, rice straw and rice husk offer asustainable material for the production of polymer-based composites. The application ofbiocomposite limits the burning of straw at the root and may further enhance the socioeconomicstatus of farmers and rural populations. This review mainly focuses on five different weightpercentage of reinforced RS and RH fiber content (5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25%) in polymercomposites. Nowadays, Epoxy, polyurethane, polyester, PVA, PLA and polyethylene are beingused as matrix material in polymer composites. This paper holds good with understanding themechanical properties, pretreatment methods and offer important insight into potential uses ofpolymer composites with biodegradable reinforce fiber.
Misorientation Angle Study on Cleavage Fracture Propagation Surfaces of a Grade a Ship Steel, through Charpy and Four-Point Double-Notch Bend Tests
Authors: Cuamatzi-Melendez Ruben , Salazar-Martínez Melchor , Juárez-López Fernando
Published: May 2024

Measurements over fractured surfaces of samples obtained from impact Charpy tests and four-point double-notch bend tests, carried out at-60°C and-196°C were performed in the present work. This in order to quantify cleavage facets misorientation for the resistance of cleavage fracture propagation. The material used for the analyses was a ferritic Grade A ship plate steel. The grains misorientation angle was quantified by measuring the orientation of single cleavage facets with respect to its neighbors, of a number of cleavage facets, and the misorientation angle was measured. The misorientation angle of cleavage facets was analyze in four groups: all facets, small-small, small-large and large-large facets in order to identify how this classification can affect the misorientation angle of cleavage facets. The results showed that high misorientation angles between neighboring grains, can act as barriers for cleavage propagation, and offer more resistance for brittle fracture propagation or may arrest potential microcracks of critical size in the ductile-brittle transition of ferritic steels. Therefore, the analysis revealed arrest of microcracks when the fracture path found high misoriented grains in the lower shelf of a Grade A ship plate steel. The effect of the misorientation of the ferrite grains in terms of the cleavage facets misorientation on fracture propagation was also discussed in the present work. Keywords: Cleavage fracture, Misorientation angle, Charpy tests, Four-point double-notch bend tests, Cleavage facets.
Microstructural Characterization, Mechanical Performance, and Anti-Corrosive Response of Zinc Multifaceted Coating on Mild Steel
Authors: Derek Alima. O , Fayomi Ojo Sunday Isaac , Atiba Joshua O.
Published: May 2024

Zinc has attracted significant attention in research due to its cost-effective use as an electrodeposited material, effectively protecting various types of steel from corrosion and wear. However, despite its advantages, zinc has limitations in fully guarding steel against corrosion. Recent studies propose that blending zinc with other metals during the coating process can proficiently shield mild steel from deterioration. The motivation for this study stems from recognizing the restrictions of zinc electrodeposition and the limited exploration of zinc multi-facet composite coatings for mild steel. In this study, the electrodeposition technique was employed to apply a coating to mild steel using zinc and nanoparticles of calcium oxide (CaO) and manganese oxide (MnO2). The coating bath's chemical composition included mass variations of 0-12 g/L for CaO and MnO2, along with 10 g/L each of boric acid, thiourea, and Na2SO4, and 15 g/L of K2SO4 and ZnSO4. The coating process occurred over a twenty-minute period, with a pH of 4.8, voltage set at 3.2V, current density at 1 A/cm2, temperature at 47°C, and stirring rate at 200 rpm. Results obtained from the coated mild steel demonstrated that Zn-6CaO-6MnO2 exhibited the greatest coating thickness at 0.2308 mm, and it showcased impressive corrosion resistance at 2.0618 mm/year. The Zn-CaO-MnO2 coating displayed a substantial deposit of crystallites in its microstructure, assisted by the presence of manganese, contributing to a smoother surface texture.
Mathematical Model of Vibration-Centrifugal Processing of Parts Using Loose Abrasive
Authors: Lyashuk Oleg , Mytnyk Mykola , Aulin Victor , Lutsiv Ihor , Tkachenko Ihor , Galan Yuriy , Perenchuk Olga , Kondratiuk Olexander
Published: May 2024

The article presents some new theoretical and experimental solution of a scientific and applied problem of technological support for vibratory centrifugal processing of complex-profiled parts in a bulk abrasive environment. This solution aims to increase productivity while ensuring the desired quality of the processed surfaces. The authors have developed a mathematical model that describes the action of abrasive particles on the surface of the parts, taking into account the parameters of the granular abrasive medium based on Voigt’s law. This allows the description of dynamic processes in the processing environment for a wide range of material types. The natural frequencies of oscillations of the processed medium layer have been determined, which depend on the amplitude of its vibrations for different densities of soft and hard materials of the processed medium and the medium with linear-elastic properties. The methodology includes the use of test equipment to conduct experimental research on the process, which involves determining changes in specific metal removal rates and surface roughness using the frequency converter Altivar 71 with the PowerSuite v.2.5.0 software.
Beyond boundaries: Feasibility of curved linear array echoendoscope in appendiceal neoplasm detection
Authors: Daba Gehad , Altonbary Ahmed
Published: May 2024

We recently read with great interest a study by Zhang et al in the World Journal of Gastroenterology . In our practice, we focus specifically on examining appendiceal mucinous neoplasms (AMNs) with endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) using different scopes. AMNs are rare neoplastic lesions characterized by an accumulation of mucin inside a cystic dilatation of the appendix. Clinically, they can present as nonspecific acute appendicitis. AMNs can turn into a life-threatening condition, termed pseudomyxoma peritonei, in which the ruptured appendix causes accumulation of mucin in the abdomen. Therefore, accurate and rapid diagnosis of AMN is essential. EUS is able to confirm and stage AMNs; although, EUS examination was once limited to the rectal and anal regions due to the conventional oblique-view scopes. With the emergence of new forward-view linear echoendoscopes and instruments like EUS miniprobes and overtubes, the scope of examination is changing. Herein, we discuss the feasibility of using the curved linear array echoendoscopes to examine cecal and appendiceal orifice lesions.
Endoscopic full-thickness plication along with argon plasma coagulation for treatment of proton pump inhibitor dependent gastroesophageal reflux disease
Authors: Harwani Yogesh , Butala Shreya , More Balaji , Shukla Varun , Patel Anand
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND

Most endoscopic anti-reflux interventions for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) management are technically challenging to practice with inadequate data to support it utility. Therefore, this study was carried to evaluate the effectiveness and safety newer endoscopic full-thickness fundoplication (EFTP) device along with Argon Plasma Coagulation to treat individuals with GERD.

AIM

To evaluate the effectiveness and safety newer EFTP device along with Argon Plasma Coagulation to treat individuals with GERD.

METHODS

This study was a single-center comparative analysis conducted on patients treated at a Noble Institute of Gastroenterology, Ahmedabad, hospital between 2020 and 2022. The research aimed to retrospectively analyze patient data on GERD symptoms and proton pump inhibitor (PPI) dependence who underwent EFTP using the GERD-X system along with argon plasma coagulation (APC). The primary endpoint was the mean change in the total gastroesophageal reflux disease health-related quality of life (GERD-HRQL) score compared to the baseline measurement at the 3-month follow-up. Secondary endpoints encompassed enhancements in the overall GERD-HRQL score, improvements in GERD symptom scores at the 3 and changes in PPI usage at the 3 and 12-month time points.

RESULTS

In this study, patients most were in Hill Class II, and over half had ineffective esophageal motility. Following the EFTP procedure, there were significant improvements in heartburn and regurgitation scores, as well as GERD-HRQL scores (P < 0.001). PPI use significantly decreased, with 82.6% not needing PPIs or prokinetics at end of 1 year. No significant adverse events related to the procedures were observed in either group.

CONCLUSION

The EFTP along with APC procedure shows promise in addressing GERD symptoms and improving patients' quality of life, particularly for suitable candidates. Moreover, the application of a lone clip with APC yielded superior outcomes and exhibited greater cost-effectiveness.
Effect of vinegar supplementation on patients with esophageal lesions lightly stained with Lugol’s iodine solution: Prospective single-centre trial
Authors: Gao Yuan , Ye Lian-Song , Li Xu , Yu Bin , Liao Ke , Xie Jia , Du Jiang , Zhang Qiong-Ying , Hu Bing
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND

Esophageal chromoendoscopy with iodine solution is important for detecting early esophageal cancer. The effect of routine treatment for lesions lightly stained with Lugol’s iodine solution is limited, and the addition of natural substances to a regular diet is becoming increasingly common. Vinegar has antitumor effects as reported in previous studies.

AIM

To evaluate whether vinegar supplementation could improve the prognosis of patients with lightly stained esophageal lesions.

METHODS

This prospective single-centre trial included consecutive patients with lightly stained lesions between June 2020 and April 2022. Patients in the experimental group received increased amounts of vinegar for 6 months. The primary outcome of the study was the clinical therapeutic effect. Complications related to vinegar ingestion and adverse events were also recorded in detail.

RESULTS

A total of 166 patients were included in the final analysis. There was no significant difference in the baseline data between the two groups. Intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis demonstrated that the rates at which endoscopic characteristics improved were 33.72% in the experimental group and 20.00% in the conventional group (P = 0.007); and the rates at which biopsy pathology improved were 19.77% and 8.75%, respectively (P = 0.011). Additional vinegar consumption had a statistically protective effect on the rate at which endoscopic characteristics improved [hazard ratio (HR) ITT = 2.183, 95%CI: 1.183-4.028; HRper-protocol (PP) = 2.307, 95%CI: 1.202-4.426] and biopsy pathology improved (HRITT = 2.931, 95%CI: 1.212-7.089; HRPP = 3.320, 95%CI: 1.295-8.507). No statistically significant effect of increased vinegar consumption on preventing high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia or early cancer was observed (HRITT = 0.382, 95%CI: 0.079-1.846; HRPP = 0.382, 95%CI: 0.079-1.846). The subgroup analyses indicated that the overall therapeutic improvement of endoscopic characteristics and biopsy pathology seemed more obvious in older (age > 60) male patients with small lesions (lesion size ≤ 0.5 cm). Three patients in the experimental group reported acid regurgitation and heartburn. No adverse event during gastroscopy were recorded during follow-up.

CONCLUSION

A moderately increased ingestion of vinegar could not directly reduce the risk of esophageal cancer in the mucosa dysplasia population, but it improved the endoscopic characteristics and ameliorated the biopsy pathology to a certain extent. Further research is needed to verify the effect of nutritional intervention on precancerous esophageal lesions.
The Use of Terms in the Proceedings of ICOS Congresses
Authors: Bölcskei Andrea
Published: May 2024

In the modern theory of Terminology, it is claimed that terminology work is descriptive in approach, exploring actual term use in specialized discourse. Terminological units are examined from cognitive, linguistic and socio-communicative points of view. This paper examines the use of terms presented in the “ICOS List of Key Onomastic Terms” in the volumes of the proceedings of the latest ICOS congresses with the help of modern corpus linguistic tools. Based on the text corpora provided in the conference volumes, the present enquiry focuses on features such as the frequency of terms and distributional patterns, performing a collocation analysis and a search for synonyms and definitions with respect to established ICOS key terms. By extracting term candidates from the texts and comparing their features with those of the already accepted onomastic terms, the paper also comments on terms recommended recently for acceptance by the Terminology Group and makes suggestions on adding some further expressions to the next edition of the ICOS key terms list. The paper explains and illustrates through relevant examples how the latest ideas, trends and corpus linguistic applications in Terminology can be adopted in terminology work on onomastic terms, for the benefit of experts in several distinct branches of science in general and of the community of name scholars in particular.
Proper Name as a Bilateral Linguistic Sign and the Levels of Properhood
Authors: Włoskowicz Wojciech
Published: May 2024

The aim of this paper is to propose a semiotic definition of a proper name with the classic Saussurean bilateral linguistic sign as the genus proximum and the individual concept (and not a general or categorical one) constituting a name’s signifié as the differentia specifica. This Aristotelian definition is accompanied by the notion of a poly-polar space of properhood, within which one may distinguish between more and less prototypical proper names. The individual concept is defined as a mental unit located in a language user’s mind and comprising knowledge of an individual (single) object, its properties, and associations connected with it. Perceiving a proper name as a bilateral sign creates a need for terminological decisions. An onym is defined as any linguistic form or expression that serves as the signifiant within a proper name while a typical onymic form is defined as any linguistic form or expression that serves as the signifiant within many separate (homonymous) proper names. Relations between signifiants and signifiés of many proprial and appellative signs make it possible to list several types of proprial meaning: denotative, referential, etymological, and structural, as well as the denotative predisposition of an onymic form.
La « Déclaration d’Arbroath » : aspects historico-culturels et onomastiques, et perspectives didactiques
Authors: Di Clemente Valeria
Published: May 2024

The Declaration of Arbroath: Historical, cultural and onomastic aspects and educational perspectives Abstract The so-called “Declaration of Arbroath”, whose 700th anniversary was celebrated in 2020, represents an extraordinary document both in Scottish history and for Scottish culture. The “Declaration”, an official letter produced by Robert the Bruce’s chancery and sent to Pope John XXII in the late spring or early summer of 1320, is an appeal made by around 50 Scottish aristocrats. The legendary origins of the Scottish people are recalled in the letter, as well as the English occupation after 1296, Robert the Bruce’s struggle to free Scotland, his pact with the community of the realm, the eagerness of the Scots to take part in a crusade planned by the Pope. In particular, the names of the Scottish noblemen who signed and/or sealed the document are a significant onomastic source by which the many linguistic and cultural layers contributing to form the Scottish identity after the 11th and 12th century can be highlighted. From this point of view, the “Declaration of Arbroath” can be used as an effective didactic tool to teach cultural and linguistic aspects of medieval Scotland, such as naming practices and the development of family names in Scottish aristocratic families, among others.
Воровские псевдонимы как элемент криминального дискурса в трилогии Сергея Пясецкого Ewa Kubusiak
Authors: Kubusiak Ewa
Published: May 2024

Цель статьи – представление криминальныхпсевдонимов из “воровской трилогии” Сергея Пясецкого: в романах „Яблочко”, „Гляну я в окошко” и „Никто не даст нам избавления” и их анализ, т.е. определение мотивировки созданиянеофициальныхантропонимов. Романы Сергея Пясецкого автобиографичны. В „воровской трилогии” можно выделить 54 псевдонима и 6 прозвищ. Они созданы Пясецким для художественных целей, однако отображают тенденции образования новых антропонимов, характерные не только для криминальной среды, но также для иных социальных групп. Это свидетельствует о том, что воровские псевдонимы, наравне с социолектами, паратекстами и эгоцентрическими элементами, вляются важным языковым компонентомкриминального дискурса первой половины ХХ века.
All Animals Are Equal: Rethinking ‘Animalistic’ Names and Yoruba Epistemology in Femi Osofisan’s “Kolera Kolej”
Authors: Ojebode Ayokunmi O.
Published: May 2024

This study explores animal names in Femi Osofisan’s “Kolera Kolej” (2001), entrenched in the characters’ animalistic tendencies and nonconformity to Yoruba ethics, values and norms. Despite studies on Osofisan’s theatre and satirical technique, especially the playwright’s commentary on Nigeria’s socio-economic and political crises, there is no compelling research on zoonyms (animal names) anchored on Yoruba epistemology in the work. The study adopted Onomastic semiosis within the framework of Dan Izevbaye’s (1981) sociocultural and literary naming contexts to foreground the Yoruba philosophy ìse ènìyàn n’ìse ẹranko equating animals and human beings through names and characteristics. In the Yoruba culture, animalistic or unethical behaviours contradict the Omoluabi concept of ideal citizenship. Thus, the playwright’s designation of profound Yoruba animal names ridicules African elites and political leaders’ chauvinistic and greedy nature and its consequences on a nation’s socio-politics and economy.
New Trends in Nordic Socio-onomastics: International Cooperation and Examples of Objectives
Authors: Ainiala Terhi , Aldrin Emilia , Eggert Birgit
Published: May 2024

The recently founded Nordic network New Trends in Nordic Socio-Onomastics was started as a workshop program in 2018 and 2019, funded by The Joint Committee for Nordic Research Councils in the Humanities and Social Sciences. The aim was to stimulate innovative research development within the socio-onomastic field by enabling Nordic researchers to come together, participate in discussions, explore new theoretical and methodological tools and identify new problem areas suitable for future joint Nordic projects. In this article, we present the network and the activities that have been organized in order to enhance international collaboration. We also discuss the current state of socio-onomastics in the Nordic countries and identify some important objectives and areas for future research.
Face monetizada
Authors: Paiva Geórgia Maria Feitosa e
Published: May 2024

O conceito de face ganhou bastante destaque nos estudos sociológicos e linguísticos, especialmente na área da pragmática e sociolinguística interacional. Postulado na década de sessenta, e embora coerente com a atualidade, o conceito não abriga as características das interações da pós-modernidade. Portanto, este texto tem como objetivo atualizar o conceito de face relacionando-o aos estudos da polidez e da positividade na performance do “eu” em interações das redes sociais. Proponho que a face positiva, em tempos de capitalismo tardio, seja considerada uma face essencialmente positivada, a começar pela essência individualista do paradigma de polidez, que, talvez influenciados também pelo contexto histórico e social da época se permitiram vislumbrar um conceito tão alinhado com a perspectiva já apontada. Para isto, foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica que incluiu os estudos de Goffman (1963a;1963b;1967;1975), Brown e Levinson (1987), Bourdieu (2010), Brinkmann (2022), Cabanas e Illouz (2022), Han (2019), Ortega e Gasset (1962), Barros (2011), Recuero (2009), Strömquist (2023), entre outros. Considerando o contexto do capitalismo tardio e da intensificação das interações sociais através das redes sociais da internet, defendo que a face é monetizada, sendo ela essencialmente positivada por meio de uma fluidez inerente variando conforme o contexto e o nicho interacional.
ciência linguística nas dinâmicas do capitalismo digital
Authors: Gomes Emanoel Pedro Martins , Silva Robson Campanerut da , Cruz Carlos Eduardo Ferreira da
Published: May 2024

Este artigo descreve os compromissos ontoepistemológicos e políticos entre a Linguística e o Projeto Cibernético no campo das ciências humanas e nos desdobramentos tecnopolíticos do capitalismo digital. Para tanto, partimos teórico-metodologicamente da antropologia simétrica (LATOUR, 2009, 2011, 2012, 2016 E 2017; DOMENECH; TIRADO, 1998) e do princípio da simetria generalizada (CALLON, 1986; LATOUR; WOOLGAR, 1997) para lançar sobre a Linguística um olhar crítico, em busca de descrevê-la como rede sociotécnica fruto de composições, agenciamentos, interessamentos entre cursos de ação intra e extracientíficos. Com o resgate originário da dimensão militar e política da Cibernética, deparamos com a matematização da linguagem e da comunicação enquanto aquilo que a aproxima da Linguística ou vice-versa, com o consequente projeto de controle da performatividade e sua lógica de dessubjetivação do outro. Por fim, essa análise levanta a questão sobre ações em curso, na Linguística ou fora dela, que denotem resistência à refinada exploração humana por meio da linguagem e da interação, em tecnologias digitais.
Por um primitivismo estratégico
Authors: Castro Eduardo Batalha Viveiros de , Hui Yuk , Gomes Emanoel Pedro Martins
Published: May 2024

Neste diálogo com Yuk Hui, Eduardo Viveiros de Castro discute seu trabalho sobre o perspectivismo ameríndio e o multiculturalismo; a relação entre natureza, cultura e técnica em seus estudos etnográficos; bem como a necessidade de uma definição não antropológica de tecnologia. Também trata de um futuro assustador da crise ecológica e da automação do Antropoceno, além de explorar um “primitivismo estratégico” como ferramenta de sobrevivência.
Wedge indentation of elastoplastic solids — from single indentation to interaction between indenters
Authors: Marthouret Yvan , Zaouter Tony , Ledrappier Florent , Kermouche Guillaume
Published: May 2024

Performance of metallic seals used between face-turned surfaces is related to their abilities to flow plastically in order to fill up cavities between wedge-shaped asperities. Double wedge indentation is therefore a simple way to investigate what happens at such a seal-flange interface. In this paper, finite element analyses of single and double wedge indentations are conducted. A particular attention is paid to the effects of hardening parameters on the resulting hardness. First, it is observed that single wedge indentation hardness can be well-approximated by the adaptation of analytic models initially developed for cone indentation problems. Second, it is shown that interaction between indentation-strain field during double wedge indentation starts once the bearing ratio is about 25%. It leads to a significant mean contact pressure increase, which is strongly dependent upon the strain hardening exponent. Eventually, for a bearing ratio higher than 75%, a plastic locking stage occurs, which leads to an exponential increase of the mean contact pressure. Practical applications of this work to indentation and sealing research fields are discussed.
Competence Development Needs of Health Sciences Teacher Candidates and the Factors Connected to Those Needs
Authors: Kuivila Heli-Maria , Koskimäki Minna , Kääriäinen Maria , Koivula Meeri , Pramila-Savukoski Sari , Männistö Merja , Mikkonen Kristina
Published: May 2024

Health science teacher candidates should acquire skills for professional development during their education as teachers, both to ensure their professional competence and improve the quality of learning. This study aimed to identify the competence levels and competence development needs of health science teacher candidates, and the factors associated with those needs. The research applied cross-sectional design and was conducted in winter 2018–2019 in Finland. The Health and Social Care Educator’s Competence instrument and the Educators’ Professional Development instrument were used to collect data. Teacher candidates evaluated their competence as good into all areas of competence. Candidates’ level of need to develop pedagogical competence related to their level of competence in leadership and management, subject and curriculum, and digital collaborative learning. Candidates with a higher level of collaboration and societal competence needed less development to manage challenging situations in teaching. Candidates with more work experience as an educator needed less competence development in managing challenging situations and leadership support. Based on the results, micro level competence should be developed from the start of health science teaching studies, and the latter stages of their studies should develop their macro level competence.
Student Self-Awareness: How well do Students Recall Recent Performance in a Course
Authors: Webb Jeffrey Adam , Karatjas Andrew G.
Published: May 2024

Past studies have explored student self-perception within chemistry courses.  Various factors have been explored including course level, student academic background, and gender.  However, it appears that there are few (if any) studies that have looked at whether students are aware of how they have performed previously in the course.  Through a study over a two-year period, students at all levels (freshman through M.S.) of a chemistry program were surveyed and asked to self-report predictions of their score on examinations as well as several other items including their recall of previous course grades.  At all levels, poorer performing students were less likely to be able to recall previous examination scores.