bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Chinese Zero Pronoun Resolution
Authors: Yin Qingyu , Zhang Weinan , Zhang Yu , Liu Ting
Published: June 2019

Semantic information that has been proven to be necessary to the resolution of common noun phrases is typically ignored by most existing Chinese zero pronoun resolvers. This is because that zero pronouns convey no descriptive information, which makes it almost impossible to calculate semantic similarities between the zero pronoun and its candidate antecedents. Moreover, most of traditional approaches are based on the single-candidate model, which considers the candidate antecedents of a zero pronoun in isolation and thus overlooks their reciprocities. To address these problems, we first propose a neural-network-based zero pronoun resolver (
NZR
) that is capable of generating vector-space semantics of zero pronouns and candidate antecedents. On the basis of
NZR
, we develop the collaborative filtering-based framework for Chinese zero pronoun resolution task, exploring the reciprocities between the candidate antecedents of a zero pronoun to more rationally re-estimate their importance. Experimental results on the Chinese portion of the OntoNotes 5.0 corpus are encouraging: Our proposed model substantially surpasses the Chinese zero pronoun resolution baseline systems.
Clinical and Antitumor Immune Responses in Relapsed/Refractory Follicular Lymphoma Patients after Intranodal Injections of IFNα-Dendritic Cells and Rituximab: a Phase I Clinical Trial
Authors: Cox M. Christina , Castiello Luciano , Mattei Mauro , Santodonato Laura , D'Agostino Giuseppina , Muraro Elena , Martorelli Debora , Lapenta Caterina , Di Napoli Arianna , Di Landro Francesca , Cangemi Michela , Pavan Antonio , Castaldo Paolo , Hohaus Stefan , Donati Simona , Montefiore Enrica , Berdini Cinzia , Carlei Davide , Monque Domenica M. , Ruco Luigi , Prosperi Daniela , Tafuri Agostino , Spadaro Francesca , Sestili Paola , Spada Massimo , Dolcetti Riccardo , Santini Stefano M. , Rozera Carmela , Aricò Eleonora , Capone Imerio , Belardelli Filippo
Published: June 2019

Purpose:

This study was aimed at evaluating the feasibility, safety, immunologic and clinical responses in patients with follicular lymphoma treated with monocyte-derived dendritic cells generated in the presence of IFNα and GM-CSF (IFN-DC) in combination with low doses of rituximab.

Patients and Methods:

Firstly, we analyzed in vitro and in vivo the immunologic properties of IFN-DC against follicular lymphoma. Thus, we performed a phase I trial in 8 patients with refractory and relapsed follicular lymphoma based on sequential intranodal injections of low-dose of rituximab and unloaded IFN-DC and report the safety, clinical, and immunologic results of the enrolled patients.

Results:

Preclinical studies indicated that IFN-DC can synergize with rituximab leading to increased cytotoxicity and T-cell tumor infiltration. The clinical evaluation showed that the combined treatment was totally safe. The overall response rate was 50%, PET-negative complete response rate 37%, and remission is still ongoing in 2/4 of responding patients (median follow-up 26 months, range 11–47). Notably, following the combined therapy all patients showed induction/enhancement of T-cell responses by CD107 degranulation or IFNγ ELISPOT assay against patient-specific tumor IGHV sequences.

Conclusions:

These results represent the proof-of-principle on the effectiveness of unloaded IFN-DC in inducing durable clinical responses and promoting induction of tumor-specific peripheral T cells, thus suggesting the occurrence of an effective endogenous antitumor vaccination. The overall findings indicate that some unique properties of IFN-DC can be successfully exploited to induce/enhance antitumor responses, thus representing a valuable antitumor strategy for novel and more effective combination therapies in patients with cancer.
Die Behandlung der sozialen Angststörung und ängstlich-vermeidenden Persönlichkeitsstörung in der Versorgung: eine naturalistische Studie zu einer kombinierten Einzel- und Gruppentherapie
Authors: Boettcher Johanna , Weinbrecht Anna , Heinrich Manuel , Renneberg Babette
Published: June 2019

Hintergrund: Eine Vielzahl von randomisiert-kontrollierten Studien belegen die Wirksamkeit der kognitiven Verhaltenstherapie (KVT) für soziale Ängste. Die Wirksamkeit der KVT unter Routinebedingungen wurde allerdings seltener untersucht. In den wenigen naturalistischen Studien werden Ergebnisse ausschließlich für die soziale Angststörung (SAS) berichtet. Befunde für die ängstlich-vermeidende Persönlichkeitsstörung (ÄVPS) stehen noch gänzlich aus. Die vor­liegende Studie untersucht die Wirksamkeit einer kombinierten Gruppen- und Einzeltherapie für SAS und ÄVPS in der Routineversorgung. Methode: Einhundert und fünf Pa­tient*innen mit SAS, von welchen 36% komorbid mit ÄVPS diagnostiziert waren, nahmen an einer Kombination aus Gruppen- und Einzeltherapie teil. Die Patient*innen füllten zu Beginn der Einzeltherapie, vor der Gruppentherapie, nach der Gruppentherapie und am Ende der Einzeltherapie Fragebögen aus. Ergebnisse: Die Behandlung führte zu einer starken Verbesserung sozialängstlicher Symptome (d = 1,1), zu einer Verringerung depressiver Symptome (d = 1,0) und allgemeiner psychischer Beschwerden (d = 1,1) sowie zu einem starken Anstieg der Selbstwirksamkeit (d = 1,1). Während der Gruppentherapie nahmen die sozialen Ängste am stärksten ab. ÄVPS war kein signifikanter Prädiktor für den Therapie­erfolg. Diskussion: Die Effektstärken der kombinierten Behandlung sind mit denen anderer Studien in der Routineversorgung vergleichbar. Patient*innen mit ÄVPS erlebten ähnliche Therapieerfolge wie Patient*innen ohne ÄVPS.
Arguments for a Phenomenologically Informed Clinical Approach to Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Nilsson Maria , Handest Peter , Nylander Lena , Pedersen Lennart , Carlsson Jessica , Arnfred Sidse
Published: June 2019

Objective: The aim of this paper is to provide arguments for a phenomenologically informed clinical approach to autism spectrum disorder (ASD), including a plea for clinical attention to the self in ASD. Methods: Central concepts of continental phenomenology, phenomenological psychopathology, and the phenomenological interview are presented, with an emphasis on the potential unifying qualities of an approach which includes the exploration of subjective and intersubjective experience. These phenomenological concepts and methods are contrasted with the current conceptualization of ASD, where the first-person perspective is not in focus. Results: Contemporary phenomenological papers on ASD address key concepts like intersubjectivity, intercorporeality, and intentionality. However, insights from this theoretical field have not been followed up in clinical research and practice. Consequently, there is (to our knowledge) still a lack of phenomenologically informed clinical explorations of experience of self, others, and the world in ASD. Conclusion: A phenomenologically informed focus on the form and structure of subjective experience, including a focus on self-experience in ASD, can lead to new and important insights in relation to clinical differentiation between ASD and schizophrenia spectrum disorder.
Retrospective Analysis of Patients with Advanced Liposarcoma in a Tertiary Referral Center
Authors: Langmans Ciska , Cornillie Jasmien , van Cann Thomas , Wozniak Agnieszka , Hompes Daphne , Sciot Raf , Debiec-Rychter Maria , Vandenbempt Isabelle , Schöffski Patrick
Published: June 2019

Background: Liposarcoma (LPS) is a common subtype of soft tissue sarcoma. We describe the clinical outcome of patients with advanced LPS treated in a tertiary referral center and explore potential prognostic factors. Patients and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the records of patients with inoperable or metastatic dedifferentiated liposarcoma (DDLPS), myxoid/round cell liposarcoma (MLPS), and pleomorphic liposarcoma (PLPS) diagnosed and/or treated at the University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium, between 2000 and 2014. Results: We identified 100 patients with LPS (67 DDLPS, 25 MLPS, and 8 PLPS). Median overall survival from diagnosis of inoperable or metastatic disease was 13.0 months, without substantial variation between histological subtypes. Sixty-seven patients were treated with systemic chemotherapy. The most common first-line chemotherapeutic agents used were doxorubicin (n = 32), doxorubicin + alkylating agent (n = 16), and trabectedin (n = 5). Best response upon first-line treatment was partial/complete response, stable disease, or progressive disease in 17, 25, and 46% of patients, respectively. On multivariate analysis, metastasectomy and objective response or stable disease achieved with first-line chemotherapy were indicators for better overall survival. Conclusion: The LPS subtypes analyzed have a poor prognosis and low response rates to chemotherapy. The prognostic factors identified support the concept of offering systemic chemotherapy to patients with inoperable, advanced disease and of considering metastasectomy in eligible patients.
Hepatic Encephalopathy Aggravated by Systemic Inflammation
Authors: Manzhalii Elina , Virchenko Oleksandr , Falalyeyeva Tetyana , Moiseienko Valentyna , Nykula Taras , Kondratiuk Vitaliy , Savchuk Olexiy , Beregova Tetyana , Stremmel Wolfgang
Published: June 2019

Background: The pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is only partially understood. Beside ammonia accumulation in brain, a proinflammatory component has been suggested as precipitating event. Objectives: To evaluate the role of cytokines in cirrhosis for development of HE. Methods: Pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine profiles were determined in rats with CCL4-induced cirrhosis and HE as well as in patients with cirrhosis either due to metabolic disorders or chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) with various grades of concomitant HE and depression. Results: In the rat model and human cirrhosis a proinflammatory cytokine pattern (elevation of interferon gamma, interleukin [IL]-1β, IL-6) was registered which in humans correlated to the degree of HE and depression. The most prominent elevation of proinflammatory cytokines was observed in chronic HCV as an additional inflammatory stimulus. In all cases of cirrhosis a comparable background activation of anti-inflammatory cytokines (e.g., IL-4) was detected which was interpreted as a physiologic counterbalance mechanism. Conclusions: The degree of HE and depression correlated with a proinflammatory cytokine pattern. It suggests that beside ammonia elevation, inflammatory cytokines determine occurrence and severity of hepatic encephalopathies. Thus, it can be defined a preferential therapeutic target.
Pain Control after Laparoscopic Radical Prostatectomy: Comparison between Unilateral Transversus Abdominis Plane Block and Wound Infiltration
Authors: Taha Tarek , Sionov Ben Valery , Rosenberg Paul , Stein Arnold , Tsivian Matvey , Sidi Ami , Tsivian Alexander
Published: June 2019

Background and Objectives: To determine the efficacy of unilateral transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block versus wound local infiltration for postoperative pain following laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (LRP). Methods: Data of consecutive patients who underwent extraperitoneal LRP and received either wound infiltration or unilateral TAP block for analgesia were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into 2 groups based on the technique used. We compared pain intensity scores and on-demand analgesic use both during the hospital stay and post-discharge between the 2 groups. Results: A total of 48 patients were included, 27 received unilateral TAP blocks (group 1) and 21 were managed with wound infiltration (group 2). The unilateral TAP block group showed lower median pain scores on postoperative days (POD) 1 with pain scores being 0.2 (0–4) and 0.8 (0–4), respectively (p < 0.05). On POD2, the median pain intensity was 0.9 (0–5) and 1.6 (0–6) in groups 1 and 2, respectively (p < 0.05). The median number of on-demand analgesic doses during the POD1 was 0.2 (0–2) and 0.4 (0–2) in groups 1 and 2, respectively (p = 0.19). On POD2, the patients received 0.5 (0–2) and 1.1 (0–3) on-demand doses in groups 1 and 2, respectively (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Unilateral TAP block might improve pain control more pronounced after LRP than wound infiltration.
In vitro Antimicrobial Effects of Virus Block, Which Contains Multiple Polyoxometalate Compounds, and Hygienic Effects of Virus Block-Supplemented Moist Hand Towels
Authors: Dan Katsuaki , Katoh Naohiro , Matsuoka Takaaki , Fujinami Katsuyuki
Published: June 2019

Background: Historical evidence has verified the multifaceted antiviral efficacy of polyoxometalates (PMs). Methods: We carried out a study to investigate the antimicrobial effects of each of the 5 substances comprising virus block (VB): 3 PMs that have antibacterial and antiviral activity, an antibiotic agent, and an antibacterial agent. We also investigated the effectiveness of the addition of VB to moist hand towels in a study involving 120 volunteers. The time-dependent changes in metal ion concentrations in aqueous VB solution were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy. Results: The metal elements in the aqueous VB solution remained stable for 12 weeks without undergoing time-dependent changes. Discussion: Further investigations were performed to study hand hygiene using moist hand towels in daily life settings. To this end, 120 volunteers provided 240 specimens that were used to investigate the presence of antibacterial compounds on the volunteers’ hands before and after hand towel use. An aliquot of each specimen was suspended in phosphate-buffered saline and plated on agar media, and the number of colonies formed was counted. Normal bacterial flora found on the hands of the volunteers was investigated before and after the use of 4 different moist hand towels. Conclusions: The effects of VB and PMs were superior to those of commercial moist hand towels, indicating that effective data were obtained that may be useful for the practical application of the tested items.
Remission of Membranous Nephropathy after Treatment of Localised Prostate Cancer
Authors: Adlington Daniel , Moore Jason , Bingham Coralie
Published: June 2019

Membranous nephropathy is a cause of the nephrotic syndrome in adults; it can be a primary or secondary process. Secondary causes include solid organ and lymphoid malignancies. Prostate cancer has been reported as the second most common causative malignancy. Remission of membranous nephropathy following treatment of metastatic prostate cancer is well established. In this case, we describe a patient with localised prostate cancer who developed severe nephrotic syndrome (urine protein creatinine ratio 1,616 mg/mmol and serum albumin 17 g/L) secondary to membranous nephropathy. The prostate cancer was deemed of low risk and so was being managed with active surveillance rather than medical treatment. Given the severity of the nephrotic syndrome a trial of androgen deprivation therapy with bicalutamide was agreed between the nephrology and urology teams. Full remission of the nephrotic syndrome was observed within 6 months of commencement of treatment (normalisation of serum albumin, non-nephrotic range urine protein creatinine ratio and resolution of oedema). The bicalutamide has been continued indefinitely.
Vessel Wall Imaging of Evolving Unruptured Intracranial Aneurysms
Authors: Matsushige Toshinori , Shimonaga Koji , Ishii Daizo , Sakamoto Shigeyuki , Hosogai Masahiro , Hashimoto Yukishige , Kaneko Mayumi , Ono Chiaki , Mizoue Tatsuya , Kurisu Kaoru
Published: June 2019

Background and Purpose—

Unruptured intracranial aneurysms (UIAs) have various scenarios of growth and rupture. Magnetic resonance vessel wall imaging can detect aneurysmal wall thickening with inflammation and neovascularization. This study was performed to explore the vessel wall imaging findings of UIAs with consecutive follow-up.

Methods—

A total of 60 aneurysms with serial angiography over 2 years (mean period, 49 months, range, 24–192 months) were evaluated by vessel wall imaging. UIAs were morphologically categorized into 3 patterns: stable, whole sac expansion, or daughter sac formation. Aneurysm wall enhancement (AWE) was evaluated after administration of gadolinium.

Results—

Thirty-three of the 60 UIAs (55%) demonstrated no morphological changes, whereas 16 UIAS (27%) showed whole sac expansion and 11 UIAs (18%) demonstrated daughter sac formation. AWE was significantly less frequent in stable UIAs compared with UIAs showing morphological changes (
P
<0.01). Aneurysms with daughter sac formation showed a significantly higher frequency of AWE than those demonstrating whole sac expansion. In the majority of UIAs with daughter sac formation, AWE was detected in the main aneurysm and not in the developing component.

Conclusions—

UIAs demonstrate various modes of growth. The pattern of AWE might be useful for identifying unfavorable morphological changes of UIAs.
Differential patterns of vocal similarity in tolerant and intolerant macaques
Authors: De Marco Arianna , Rebout Nancy , Massiot Elodie , Sanna Andrea , Sterck Elisabeth H.M. , Langermans Jan A.M. , Cozzolino Roberto , Thierry Bernard , Lemasson Alban
Published: June 2019

The investigation of vocal similarity between individuals has provided evidence of the flexibility of communication signals. This study evaluates the impact of group membership, affiliative bonds, kinship and dominance on acoustic similarity in two primate species with different social styles, intolerant rhesus macaques and tolerant Tonkean macaques. We focused on the fundamental frequencies of the contact calls emitted by adult females. Close kinship promoted vocal similarity between individuals in both species, and also group membership in Tonkean macaques, indicating the involvement of experiential and/or genetic factors. In rhesus macaques more similarities were observed between partners with strong or weak dominance asymmetry than between those with medium asymmetry, which again points to the role of experience. No evidence was found that dominance influences vocal similarity in Tonkean macaques. Our results provide additional evidence to the flexibility of vocal signals produced by macaques, and reveal that it is influenced by social style.
Neofavolus subpurpurascens comb. nov., with new records from the Neotropics
Authors: PALACIO MELISSA , SILVEIRA ROSA MARA BORGES DA , ROBLEDO GERARDO LUCIO
Published: June 2019

Polyporus subpurpurascens is a rare Neotropical species characterized by deep purplish pilear surface and radially elongated pores. This study analyzed Neotropical specimens from Argentina, Bolivia and Brazil by applying detailed morphological examination and phylogenetic analyses. We conclude that P. subpurpurascens is a species of Neofavolus, and N. subpurpurascens is proposed as a new combination. New records from Argentina and Bolivia, a detailed description, and photographs of the species are included.
Deniquelata quercina sp. nov.; a new endophyte species from Persian oak in Iran
Authors: ALIDADI AMIN , KOWSARI MOJEGAN , JAVAN-NIKKHAH MOHAMMAD , KARAMI SAADI , ARIYAWANSA HIRAN A. , JOUZANI GHOLAMREZA S.
Published: June 2019

In this study, a new endophyte species within the genus Deniquelata (Didymosphaeriaceae) was isolated from the branches of Persian oak trees (Quercus brantii) in Zagros forests, Iran. The maximum parsimony and Bayesian analyses of 18S, 28S and ITS, rDNA sequence data revealed that the isolates were distinct from other species of the Deniquelata. Based on molecular phylogenetic and morphological characteristics, this fungus was demonstrated to be a new species, Deniquelata quercina. Detailed descriptions and illustrations were provided for D. quercina and it was compared with other known species in the genus.
Taxonomy of deep-sea shrimps of the Superfamily Oplophoroidea Dana 1852 (Decapoda: Caridea) from Southwestern Atlantic
Authors: ALVES-JÚNIOR FLAVIO DE ALMEIDA , SILVA ELINAI DOS SANTOS , DE ARAÚJO MARINA DE SÁ LEITÃO CÂMARA , CARDOSO IRENE , BERTRAND ARNAUD , SOUZA-FILHO JESSER F.
Published: June 2019

In this paper, we provide some available information about the occurrence and some taxonomic aspects of 19 species from the Superfamily Oplophoroidea in the southwestern Atlantic (Brazilian waters), with the update to 22 species of Oplophoroidea occurring in Brazilian waters. Samples were collected during two sets of surveys. The first was performed in 2009 and 2011 in the Potiguar Basin in northeast of Brazil (03–05°S; 38–35°W; between the States of Ceará and Rio Grande do Norte) under the framework of the project “Avaliação da biota bentônica e planctônica da Bacia Potiguar e Ceará (Bpot)”, with samples collected from bottom trawls in the continental slope at depth ranging from 150–2068 m. Second, under the in the framework of the ABRACOS (Acoustic along the Brazilian coast), performed in 2015 and 2017 on seamounts and offshore areas in Northeast Brazil (Ceará Chain, Rio Grande do Norte and Rocas Atoll, Fernando de Noronha Archipelago and Pernambuco State), with samples with pelagic micronekton and mesopelagic nets, in depths ranging from 50–1260 m. We highlight the occurrence of 14 species of the family Acanthephyridae and 5 species of the family Oplophoridae, including the first occurrences of five species to Brazilian deep waters: Acanthephyra kingsleyi Spence Bate, 1888, Ephyrina ombango Crosnier & Forest, 1973, Meningodora compsa (Chace, 1940), M. longisulca Kikuchi, 1985 and Systellapsis curvispina Crosnier, 1987. These records increase the knowledge on deep-sea shrimps occurring in Southwestern Atlantic.
ErIK—a software-based identification key for earthworm species of Croatia
Authors: HACKENBERGER DAVORKA K. , HACKENBERGER DOMAGOJ K. , ĐERĐ TAMARA , HACKENBERGER BRANIMIR K.
Published: June 2019

The need for reliable taxonomic species identification is always present. Correct identification of specimens is based on taxonomic research, scattered in the scientific literature and accessible only for a restricted group of specialists or research institutions with extensive library facilities (Zuquim et al. 2017). Therefore, identification keys that summarize the knowledge of a group of biota are very important; they provide the link between producers and users of taxonomy. Recently, printed identification keys are increasingly being replaced or supplemented by computer-aided keys.
Eurhamphus pancinii, a new species of the genus Eurhamphus Shuckard, 1838 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Molytinae: Orthorhinini) from West Papua
Authors: ANDERSON ROBERT S.
Published: June 2019

Eurhamphus pancinii n. sp. is described based on a series of specimens collected in West Papua, in the Arfak Mountains and on Yapen Island. The only other species in the genus is Eurhamphus fasciculatus Shuckard known from New South Wales northwards into Queensland in Australia. The new species is distinguished from E. fasciculatus by the pronotum and elytra with the glabrous raised areas between the rows of scales very narrow, and elytra with sutural and interstria 3 low and evenly rounded throughout length, elytra in profile not humped towards base (both sexes), and in males by a shorter, less strongly dorsally granulate rostrum, front and middle tibia with inner margins with a very small subapical tooth, and inner edge of front tibia with only a few short, subapical hairs. Eurhamphus fasciculatus is associated with Hoop Pine, Araucaria cunninghamii and although no plant associations are available for specimens of the new species it is expected to be similarly associated with Araucaria.
Uninterpretable cerebrospinal fluid absorbance scan caused by doxycycline therapy
Authors: Miller Jan
Published: June 2019

The revised national guidelines for the analysis of cerebrospinal fluid for bilirubin in suspected subarachnoid haemorrhage (UK) provide a framework for the analysis of cerebrospinal fluid samples for the purpose of investigation of subarachnoid haemorrhage. In principle, as long as samples are collected and analysed according to the guidelines, any absorbance scan thus obtained ought to be amenable to interpretation. The case presented involves a cerebrospinal fluid sample with an absorbance scan which could not be interpreted with the guidelines. An archive search for similar cases suggested interference from doxycycline therapy as the cause. Doxycycline was confirmed to be the cause through experimental in vitro reproduction of the interference. Difficulties arising from this interference are discussed. It is hoped that a future version of the guidelines may mention, and propose a means of dealing with, the issue of doxycycline interference.
Parental and student perceptions of procedural justice and legitimacy in the context of truancy: Results from a randomized field trial
Authors: Antrobus Emma , Bennett Sarah , Mazerolle Lorraine , Eggins Elizabeth
Published: June 2019

The legitimacy of authorities is paramount to their ability to exercise their powers. We examine truanting students’ and their parents’ perceptions of the legitimacy of authorities in the context of the adapted family group conference component of the Ability School Engagement Program (ASEP), a police–school partnership aimed at reducing antisocial behavior. To evaluate the program, 102 truanting students were randomly allocated to a control or the ASEP condition. Students’ and their parents’ perceptions of authorities were collected to explore how this intervention component, specifically designed to encourage legitimacy views through procedural justice, impacted perceptions of police and school staff. Results indicated that parents participating in ASEP conferences showed significant changes in their perceptions of legitimacy of authorities. ASEP parents’ perceptions of police increased following the conference, but parental perceptions of school legitimacy appeared to be affected by perceptions of the procedural justness (or unjustness) of specific authority figures in the conference. Parental views of school authorities were driven by the few school representatives who failed to engage families in procedurally just ways. Students themselves showed little change in their views following the ASEP conference, suggesting the conference alone was not sufficient for bringing about changes in student perceptions of authority legitimacy.
Osservazioni sull’edizione foscoliana dell’Inferno di Dante
Authors: Federici Gabriele
Published: June 2019

Il presente contributo si propone di indagare, in modo innovativo, alcuni aspetti significativi dell’ultima opera critica di Foscolo allestita nello scorcio finale dei tormentati anni inglesi: il commento filologico della Prima Cantica della Commedia di Dante. Il testo, rimasto a lungo inedito, fu pubblicato da Giuseppe Mazzini per i tipi di Pietro Rolandi nel 1842. L’articolo, con una chiara ottica filologica che pone l’accento sulle riflessioni testuali proposte da Foscolo, si propone di fornire riflessioni utili su un’opera sostanzialmente dimenticata dalla critica, anche in vista di un suo auspicabile recupero nell’approssimarsi del VII centenario della morte di Dante.
Not all justices are equal: the unique effects of organizational justice on the behaviour and attitude of government workers in Ghana
Authors: Kumasey Anthony Sumnaya , Delle Eric , Hossain Farhad
Published: June 2019

Drawing on social exchange and positive emotions theories, we examined the differential effects of organizational justice on work engagement and organizational commitment among 347 Ghanaian public-sector workers. We hypothesized that three different components of organizational justice (distributive, procedural and interactional) would have different effects on work engagement and organizational commitment. We used regression test to investigate these effects. Despite subtle differences, the results show that distributive and procedural justice relate positively to vigour, dedication and absorption. However, interactional justice was unrelated to any of the work engagement components. We further observed that while distributive, procedural and interactional justice related positively to affective commitment, no other type of organizational justice related to continuance and normative commitment. Overall, not all justices create the same effect on workplace behaviour. Implications and limitations are discussed.

Points for practitioners

• Distributive justice and procedural justice (but not interactional justice) stimulate the levels of vigour, dedication and absorption among Ghanaian public-sector workers and produce an engaged workforce. Thus, management should channel investment into the creation and implementation of administrative practices that promote the perception of fairness in the distribution of resources within organizations. • Organizational justice enhances affective commitment – the emotional connection to and identification with their organization – among public-sector workers in Ghana.
Selecting and Purchasing Clothing: The Experience of Visually Impaired People in Hong Kong
Authors: Frency Ng Sau Fun , Patrick Hui Chi Leung , May Choy Lin Foong
Published: June 2019

This study analyzes the decision-making process for selecting and purchasing clothing of 81 people in Hong Kong who are visually impaired. Data were collected through personal interviews. The results show that problems such as unsatisfactory sales services and insufficient clothing information still exist for people with visual impairments (both the group with blindness and the group with low vision), and also reveals that people who are visually impaired have different views on the relative importance of selection criteria for purchasing clothing than do their sighted peers.
Hand Gestures of Visually Impaired and Sighted Interactants
Authors: Sharkey William F. , Asamoto Paula , Tokunaga Christine , Haraguchi Gail , McFaddon-Robar Tammy
Published: June 2019

This study investigated the types of gestures used, the frequency of the gestures, and the total time engaged in gestural communication by 11 visually impaired-sighted dyads; 12 sighted-sighted dyads; and 8 visually impaired-visually impaired dyads. Regardless of the type of dyad, the persons who were visually impaired used more adaptors and used gestures, emblems, and illustrators less often than did those who were sighted.
Active Learning for Children with Visual Impairments and Additional Disabilities
Authors: Johnson Kenalea , Griffin-Shirley Nora , Koenig Alan J.
Published: June 2019

This article describes a survey of the participants at two workshops presented by Lilli Nielsen to determine their use of Nielsen's Little Room. The survey findings are discussed in relation to Nielsen's philosophy and the implementation of active learning using Nielsen's equipment.
Ensuring High-Quality Instruction for Students in Braille Literacy Programs
Authors: Koenig Alan J. , Holbrook M. Cay
Published: June 2019

This study used the Delphi research method to gain a consensus among 40 professionals on the appropriate levels of instructional service to address the needs of students with visual impairments in 12 areas of braille literacy skills. These resulting recommendations are general guidelines for educational teams to follow in designing braille literacy programs, but must be tailored to address the individual needs of each student.
Personality Testing with Visually Impaired Adults in Applied Occupational Settings: A Review of the Literature
Authors: Reid Juliet
Published: June 2019

This article describes controversies over the use of personality tests with adults with visual impairments in applied occupational testing. It also reviews studies of the personality profiles of sighted and visually impaired groups and studies in which the content of items has been adapted for adults who are visually impaired.
Evaluation of a Technology for Teaching Complex Social Skills to Young Adults with Visual and Cognitive Impairments
Authors: Gumpel Thomas P. , Nativ-Ari-Am Hagit
Published: June 2019

Two multiple baseline designs were used to evaluate a two-stage model for training four young adults with visual and cognitive impairments to shop for groceries. General case methods of choosing training exemplars and canvassing the skill performance of individuals without disabilities were the bases of a task-analytical flow chart of the behavioral skills involved in grocery shopping. The four young adults improved both the number of skills steps completed and the number of correct items purchased and maintained their skills at the 3-, 9-, and 12-week follow-ups.
Determining Learning Disabilities in Students with Low Vision
Authors: Layton Carol A. , Lock Robin H.
Published: June 2019

Students with low vision who experience academic difficulties despite the incorporation of adaptations, modifications, and specialized instruction in their educational programs may also have undiagnosed learning disabilities. This article examines one student's performance and the methods that his multidisciplinary team used to document a dual diagnosis of low vision and learning disabilities.
A National Survey of Service Providers who Work with Young Children with Visual Impairments
Authors: Dote-Kwan Jamie , Chen Deborah , Hughes Margaret
Published: June 2019

This survey sought to determine which service providers work with young children with visual impairments, the children they serve, their roles and responsibilities, and the professional competencies they consider important. The findings emphasized the need for service providers to develop strategies for working with families from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds and young children with multiple disabilities, to collaborate and consult effectively with other professionals and agencies, and to support caregiver-infant interactions.
Australian Perspectives on the use of the Internet by People who are Visually Impaired and Professionals who Work with Them
Authors: Williamson Kirsty , Albrecht Ann , Schauder Don , Bow Amanda
Published: June 2019

This qualitative study investigated the attitudes and experiences of 31 visually impaired people and professionals who worked in the field toward accessing information via the Internet. The study also examined the role of support organizations for visually impaired people in this area.
An Evaluation of the Functionality and Acceptability of the Voice Prescription Label
Authors: Engelhardt Joseph B. , Allnatt Randy , Mariano Anthony , Gao Jian
Published: June 2019

An evaluation of the Voice Prescription Label (VPL), a miniaturized electronic unit that provides audio representation of printed prescription information, with 25 visually impaired veterans revealed that most of the participants strongly preferred the VPL to previous prescription aids and recommended its use for others. The results suggest that the VPL is sufficiently developed for testing with a more diverse and clinically complex population.
Training and Availability of Braille Transcribers in the United States
Authors: Corn Anne L. , Wall Robert S.
Published: June 2019

A survey of braille transcribers in 40 states found that braille production systems rely on volunteers and hence that braille transcription is not considered a bona fide career. Issues of certification, training, availability, and definition are all related to this central issue.
The Impact of Depression in Older Adults with Age-Related Macular Degeneration
Authors: Casten Robin J. , Rovner Barry W. , Edmonds Susan E.
Published: June 2019

This study examined how depression impacts age-related macular degeneration (AMD) disability among 114 elderly AMD patients. Results indicated that 49 patients met DSM-IV criteria for syndromal depression, and that visual acuity was the only variable significantly associated with vision-specific function. For general function, health was significant, and the relationship between visual acuity and function was only significant for depressed patients. Given that AMD results in high rates of depression and that depression exacerbates physical disability in AMD, devising optimal ways to identify and treat depressed patients in ophthalmology clinics is clearly important.
Variables of the Touch Technique that Influence the Safety of Cane Walkers
Authors: Bongers Raoul M. , Schellingerhout Roelof , Van Grinsven Roland , Smitsman Ad W.
Published: June 2019

This study evaluated variables that determined the safety of 15 cane users who were using the touch technique. The results showed that none of the walkers used a touch technique as described and recommended in the literature, that the detection of obstacles was related mainly to the height of the cane tip during the sweep, and that the early detection of drop-offs was related primarily to the length of the cane.
Providing Access to the Visual Environment: A Model of Low Vision Services for Children
Authors: Corn Anne L. , Bell Jennifer K. , Andersen Erika , Bachofer Cynthia , Jose Randall T. , Perez Ana M.
Published: June 2019

Providing Access to the Visual Environment (Project PAVE) is a statewide multidisciplinary project that provides low vision services to children aged 3–21 in Tennessee. This article describes the project's administrative, direct service, and research components and the philosophy on which it is based.
Understanding the Relationships between Print Size and Reading in Low Vision
Authors: Bailey Ian L. , Lueck Amanda Hall , Greer Robert B. , Tuan Kuang Mon , Bailey Valerie M. , Dornbusch Helen G.
Published: June 2019

This article presents conceptual models of relationships between print size and reading speed and preferred viewing distances. These models illustrate how various factors can influence reading behaviors and influence decisions about the optimal angular size of print and resolution reserve.
Exploring Print-Size Requirements and Reading for Students with Low Vision
Authors: Lueck Amanda Hall , Bailey Ian L. , Greer Robert B. , Tuan Kuang Mon , Bailey Valerie M. , Dornbusch Helen G.
Published: June 2019

This article describes experiments designed to investigate reading speed and working distance for students with low vision. Six fourth grade students were asked to read unrelated words and continuous text ranging in print size. This article also discusses methods to maximize reading efficiency of students with low vision.
The Benefits of and Barriers to Computer use for Individuals who are Visually Impaired
Authors: Gerber Elaine
Published: June 2019

This article presents data from four focus groups of assistive technology (AT) computer users to understand how individuals who are blind or visually impaired gather information about AT and the kinds of information needs that they may have. Qualitative findings are reported on what the focus group participants considered to be the benefits of and barriers to computer use. This article further underscores the importance of accessibility and usability as being helpful concepts for exploring the role of technology in people's lives.
“Program for Partners”: Support Groups for Partners of Adults with Visual Impairments
Authors: Cimarolli Verena R. , Sussman-Skalka Carol J. , Goodman Caryn R.
Published: June 2019

This study of time-limited support groups attended by partners of individuals with visual impairments found that participation increased the attendees’ knowledge of their visually impaired partners’ situations, improved the quality of communication between the partners, and reduced the sighted partners’ negative appraisal of their role.
A Writing Assessment for Persons with Age-related Vision Loss
Authors: Watson Gale R. , Wright Valjean , Wyse Erica , De l'Aune William
Published: June 2019

This article describes the development and evaluation of a five-item writing assessment for persons with age-related vision loss. It provides a standard for measuring the baseline ability and the effectiveness of interventions to improve the writing ability of this population.
The Impact of Early Exposure to Uncontracted Braille Reading on Students with Visual Impairments
Authors: Hong Sunggye , Erin Jane N.
Published: June 2019

This study compared the reading and spelling skills of students who were taught to read using uncontracted braille versus those who were taught to read using contracted braille. It found no descriptive differences between initial instruction in the two types of braille.
Preparation in and Use of the Nemeth Braille Code for Mathematics by Teachers of Students with Visual Impairments
Authors: Rosenblum L. Penny , Amato Sheila
Published: June 2019

This study examined the preparation in and use of the Nemeth braille code by 135 teachers of students with visual impairments. Almost all the teachers had taken at least one course in the Nemeth code as part of their university preparation. In their current jobs, they prepared a variety of materials, primarily basic operations, word problems, tactile graphics, and fractions.
Perceived Competence of Children with Visual Impairments
Authors: Shapiro Deborah R. , Moffett Aaron , Lieberman Lauren , Dummer Gail M.
Published: June 2019

This study examined the perceptions of competence of 43 children with visual impairments who were attending a summer sports camp. It found there were meaningful differences in the perceived competence of the girls, but not the boys, after they attended the camp, and no differences in the perceptions of competence with age.
An Evaluation of Substrates for Tactile Maps and Diagrams: Scanning Speed and Users’ Preferences
Authors: Jehoel Sandra , Ungar Simon , McCallum Don , Rowell Jonathan
Published: June 2019

This study evaluated the relative suitability of a range of base materials for producing tactile maps and diagrams via a new ink-jet process. The visually impaired and sighted participants tactilely scanned arrays of symbols that were printed on seven substrate materials, including paper, plastic, and aluminum. In general, the rougher substrates were scanned faster than the smoother substrates, and the majority of participants preferred the rougher substrates over the smoother ones.
Impact of a Vision Intervention on the Functional Status of Nursing Home Residents
Authors: Teresi Jeanne , Morse Alan R. , Holmes Douglas , Yatzkan Elaine S. , Ramirez Mildred , Rosenthal Bruce , Kong Jian
Published: June 2019

This study examined the outcomes associated with an intervention for residents of two nursing homes who had low vision and cognitive impairments that included diagnosis, optical correction, ensuring that the participants wore their eyeglasses, and staff training in recognizing vision problems. It found that a significantly decreased decline in function was associated with the provision of both eyeglasses and Croakies to the residents and staff training to recognize vision problems and provide reinforcement techniques, rather than only the provision of eyeglasses and Croakies.
Changing the Public's Attitude toward Braille: A Grassroots Approach
Authors: Wells-Jensen Sheri , Wells-Jensen Jason , Belknap Gabrielle
Published: June 2019

This study addressed the effect of casual exposure to braille on the attitudes toward blindness and the use of braille of three groups of sighted university students: students in two sections of a general linguistics course for language arts teachers, one taught by a blind instructor (Group 1) and the other taught by a sighted instructor (Group 2), and students in an English composition class (Group 3). Overall, the respondents in Group 1 expressed the most positive attitudes toward blindness and toward braille. These results suggest that individual readers of braille can positively affect attitudes toward braille.
Use of Feedback from Sighted Peers in Promoting Social Interaction Skills
Authors: Jindal-Snape Divya
Published: June 2019

A boy who was visually impaired was trained to self-evaluate his social interaction, and a sighted peer was trained to provide relevant feedback to the boy through verbal reinforcement by the researcher. This feedback enhanced the boy's social interaction with his sighted peers, improved certain aspects of his social behavior, and increased the accuracy of his self-evaluation for behaviors that require visual cues.
Resolutions of ADA Title I Cases Involving People who are Visually Impaired: A Comparative Analysis
Authors: Unger Darlene D. , Rumrill Phillip D. , Hennessey Mary L.
Published: June 2019

A comparison of Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) Title I case resolutions by the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) involving people who are visually impaired with those involving all other people with disabilities between 1993 and 2002 revealed that people who are visually impaired are more likely than are other complainants to receive settlement benefits from their employers, to withdraw their complaints after they receive benefits without intercession from the EEOC, and to receive administrative closures. In addition, they are less likely than other complainants to have charges resolved by the issuance of a right-to-sue letter from the EEOC and to receive other closures.
Blind Pedestrians and the Changing Technology and Geometry of Signalized Intersections: Safety, Orientation, and Independence
Authors: Barlow Janet M. , Bentzen Billie Louise , Bond Tamara
Published: June 2019

This study documented that blind pedestrians have considerable difficulty locating crosswalks, aligning to cross, determining the onset of the walk interval, maintaining a straight crossing path, and completing crossings before the onset of perpendicular traffic at complex signalized intersections. Revised techniques and strategies are suggested for alleviating these difficulties.
Circadian-Rhythm Sleep Disorders in Persons who are Totally Blind
Authors: Sack R.L. , Blood M.L. , Hughes R.J. , Lewy A.J.
Published: June 2019

People who are totally blind are prone to a cyclic form of insomnia, designated in medical terminology as non-24-hour sleep-wake syndrome. It is caused by a lack of synchrony between the internal body clock and the daily sleep-wake schedule. This article describes the clinical features and biological basis of the disorder and discusses the implications for its management and treatment.
The Role of Vision in the Development of Abstraction Ability
Authors: MacCluskie K.C. , Tunick R.H. , Dial J.G. , Paul D.S.
Published: June 2019

The study reported here investigated the differences in verbal and nonverbal abstraction ability of adults who became blind before age 2 and those who lost their sight after the age of 5, when their expressive language ability would have been more fully developed. No significant differences between the two groups were found in these areas, as measured by the Cognitive Test for the Blind and the Verbal sub-scale of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised (WAIS-R). The finding that educational level affects the variability of scores on the WAIS-R suggests that differences in educational experiences may significantly influence individuals’ performance on standardized measures of intelligence.
Increasing Reading Fluency in Elementary Students with Low Vision through Repeated Readings
Authors: Layton C.A. , Koenig A.J.
Published: June 2019

The purpose of this study was to explore a user-friendly method to increase the reading fluency of four elementary students with low vision. An analysis of the effects of repeated readings on the students’ reading rates, error rates, and comprehension found that the intervention was successful in improving all four students’ reading fluency and did not adversely affect their error rates or comprehension. The results from generalized readings indicated that the students’ improved reading rates were generalized to classroom reading.
How Blind Readers Perceive and Gather Information Written in Braille
Authors: Simón C. , Huertas J.A.
Published: June 2019

This study examined how readers who are blind perceive and retrieve written information and investigated the strategies they used to compensate for their limitations. It found that expert braille readers are not limited to the isolated identification of individual braille characters that are later integrated, but can integrate greater quantities of written information, which indicates that braille reading is a more dynamic and integrated process than has previously been thought.