bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Historical Reenactment of War as a Game, Agonal and Educational Practice
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Kharakterov Nikita O.
Published: January 2024

This article deals with the main stages of historical reenactment, its differences from role-playing games as well as its use as a way of actualizing cultural memory. The author analyses this type of activity from the point of view of anthropology, cultural studies and sociology, based on the works of Johan Huizinga and Roger Caillois. Apparently, this hobby is popular among metropolitans due to an interest in a different way of life, from which unusual practices can be borrowed. Within the framework of historical reenactment as a game, scientific and educational practice, two main directions can be distinguished: military (recreation of ammunition and specific features of military art) and civilian (reenactment of the everyday life of a particular era). Both of them involve recreating material culture, mentality and behaviour. Three main types of historical reenactment can be singled out: military, artisan and educational. Particular attention is paid here to military reenactment as it emerged first. This type of activity has two aspects, one of which is related to the recreation of material culture, namely, the manufacture, storage and maintenance of recreated weapons, while the other is related to changing the way of thinking and behaviour of both the reenactors and the spectators at the event (in particular, to reenacting the culture of weapons handling) as well as to using the recreated weapons to visualize the educational process, and to the anthropomorphization of weapons. In addition, the article analyses the correlation between mediaeval chivalry and reenacted chivalry as the most vivid example of practices recreated and used in war reenactment.
Impact of Physical and Mental Training on Overall Performance and Sports Injury Prevention in Female Volleyball Athletes
Authors: Bisht Neha , Srivastava Swati
Published: January 2024

The goal of this study was to assess and investigate the Impact of the Physical & Mental training on thephysical fitness, competitive anxiety level and self-confidence of Female Volleyball Athletes in order toprevent the chances of injury during Volleyball and to educate the proper techniques for the sports injuryprevention. A total of 35 participants were included in the study after clearing functional movement screening(FMS). The participants were assessed pre and post the study to find the result and prove the hypothesis.The scales used were SCAT, TSCI, AAHPER. The participants were undergone 11 weeks interval trainingsession. The pre and post results were analyzed on T-Test and Percentage analysis. The findings of presentstudy show that in 35 participants 66% of the participants had shown improvement in the confidence levelafter the training whereas 71 % had shown improvement in the anxiety level after the training. On analyzing6 components of motor fitness on the basis of AAHPER Motor fitness test, 77% got benefitted in the SitUps training, 91 % got benefitted in flexed arm hang training. 66% had shown improvement in shuttlerun training. 54 % participants had shown improvement in standing long jump and 600-yard run trainingwhereas 51 % participants had shown improving in 50-yard dash training.Conclusion: On analyzing the physical fitness through AAHPER scale, the pre post results were highlysignificant which proves the physical training sessions of 11 weeks were effective in the improvement ofthe physical fitness of female Volleyball players. The Confidence level were remarkably improved aftertraining sessions as the T test pre post analysis was highly significant. The anxiety level of the participantswas shown improvement in the percentage analysis when they were assessed pre and post training sessionsthrough SCAT Scale. On the basis of the findings, it can be concluded that Interval Training session (Physicaland Mental) are effective on the overall performance of Female Volleyball Athletes.
A Study to Compare the Activation of Vastus Medialis Oblique by EMG for three Different Exercises in Patient with Osteoarthrosis of Knee Joint: An Observational Study
Authors: Patel Dhruvi , Padnani Rajesh
Published: January 2024

Background and Objectives: Osteoarthritis (OA) also called as Osteoarthrosis or degenerative jointdisease,it is the most common form of common disorder of synovial joint.OA represents a major cause ofmorbidity and disability and as well as it having a significant economic burden on patients and health careresources.Dysfunction of the quadriceps muscle,specially vastus medialis (VM) ,has been hypothesized ascause of OA knee.Various studies evaluating the EMG activity for VMO in straight leg raise,knee extensionand weight bearing exercises like single leg stance to strengthen the quadriceps muscle in patient with OAknee but results are different.So,aim of the study is to compare the activation of VMO by EMG for threedifferent exercises in patients with osteoarthritis of knee joint.Methods: The study was conducted on 100 patients with OA knee with mean age of 49.36+5.58 (SD years).EMG activity of VMO was compared during MVIC with 10 RM in three different positions:1)straight legraise(SLR),2) terminal knee extension with medial rotation of hip ,3) Single leg stance at 30 degrees kneeflexion.Results : ANOVA and Tukey Kramer Multiple Comparison Test were used for statistical analysis.The resultrevealed that there is a significant increase in VMO muscle activity when testing position 1 compared withtesting position 2 and 3 but there was no significant difference was found between testing position 2 and 3.Conclusion: The result showed that terminal knee extension with medial rotation of hip and single leg stanceat 30 degrees knee flexion significantly activate the VMO than straight leg raise (SLR) .The comparison ofthese therapeutic exercises have been advanced to strengthen the quadriceps muscles and hence can be usedas early rehabilitation program in patient with OA knee.
Effect of Foot Intrinsic and Tibialis Posterior Muscle Training on Dynamic Balance in Bharatanatyam Dancers a Comparative Study
Authors: Kavya K  , Nithya Narayanan Kutty
Published: January 2024

Background: Dancers require good body balance to maintain and continuously change the postures. Due torepetitive foot tapping, changes are seen in the medial longitudinal arch causing flat foot in Bharatanatyam dancerswhich affects their balance and overall performance while dancing. Strengthening extrinsic and intrinsic muscles ismore effective interventions for flexible flat foot. Although foot muscle exercises for the height of MLA have beenlimited to intrinsic foot muscle strengthening without considering extrinsic foot muscle. Exercise interventionsthat comparing foot intrinsic muscle and extrinsic muscle are rare and studies of dynamic balance in relation tothe pes planus in Bharatanatyam dancers are lacking. Therefore, the present study includes a comparison of theeffects of foot intrinsic and tibialis posterior muscle training, in relation with foot arch height, dynamic balance,and performance in Bharatanatyam dancers with flexible flat foot.Objective: To compare the effects of foot intrinsic muscle and tibialis posterior muscle training on dynamic balancein Bharatanatyam dancers.Method: 30 flexible pes planus Bharatanatyam dancers were recruited and were randomized into two groups.Group A performed foot intrinsic muscle training and group B performed tibialis posterior muscle training. Allgroups received strength training for 30 minutes five times a week for six weeksResults & Discussion: Statistical analysis was done using pared t test for intragroup significance and independentt test for intergroup significance. Results obtained revealed that both groups showed significant difference betweentheir pre-test and post-test values(p ≥ 0.05).However intergroup analysis showed no significant difference (p ≤ 0.05) between group A (Foot intrinsic muscletraining) and group B (Tibialis posterior muscle training) in SEBT, FPI 6 and DFOS.Conclusion: Tibialis posterior muscle strengthening group is equally effective as foot intrinsic muscle strengtheningin terms of foot posture, dynamic balance and Dance function.
Efficacy of Motor Imagery on Lower Extremity Functioning and Gait in Chronic Stroke Patients: Systematic review
Authors: Ramananandhan Ragunath
Published: January 2024

Background: Numerous stroke rehabilitation techniques have been developed in recent years. In orderto learn or improve a motor movement or ability, a subject will frequently enter a dynamic conditionknown as mental practise (MP). Although MP(mental practise) induces brain activation patterns thatare comparable to those of movement, functional imaging has yet to prove the clinical efficacy of suchtreatments in rehabilitation and functional recovery.Methodology: Systematic review of all clinical studies about motor imagery in stroke rehabilitation thatwere published between 2008 and 2022 in the major scientific databases. We chose three clinical trialsevaluating various motor imaging techniques in chronic hemiparesis patients.Conclusion: When combined with traditional physical therapy, mental practice is helpful for thefunctional rehabilitation of the lower limbs as well as for the restoration of everyday activities andskills. More research is required to identify the ideal treatment protocol and patient profile due tothe variety of the studies in terms of the intervention protocol, particular imagery technique, practiseduration, patient characteristics, etc.
Research on the Impact of Breathing Exercises and Aerobic Exercises on Quality of Life in Patients with Bronchial Asthma: A Comparative Study
Authors: Kartik Chhonker  , Kalpana Jain  , Gunjan Shukla  , Namrata Srivastava
Published: January 2024

Background: Asthma is defined as a chronic inflammatory disorder of airways characterized by reversible airflow obstruction causing cough, wheeze, chest tightness and shortness of breath Crompton et al7Asthmatic attacks are set up by exposure to specific allergens such as house dust mite, pollen and animal dander. Some other factors are exercise particularly running, dyes, air pollution, infection, cigarette smoke, dry inhaled air, certain foods such as fish, eggs, yeast, and wheat which presumably reach the bronchi via blood stream. There is noticeable increase in healthcare burden from asthma in several areas of world .The most frequently mentioned aims of breathing exercises are to ‘normalize’ breathing pattern by adopting a slower respiratory rate with longer expiration and reduction of hyperventilation and hyperinflation. Training also frequently involves encouraging nasal breathing and a diaphragmatic breathing pattern.AQLQ AND SF36 questionnaire was used as outcome measure.Methods: The sample size of this study was 30 subjects with 15 subjects in each group. The group A was given breathing exercises interventions and group B was given aerobic exercises intervention. A written consent was taken from each before their participation into the study. Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (AQLQ) and SF-36 quality of life Questionnaire of both the groups were taken in 0 week and both groups were assigned treatment interventions and after 3 weeks the AQLQ and SF-36 quality of life questionnaire has been repeated.The independent variables in the study were Aerobic Exercises and Breathing Exercises.Conclusion: The breathing exercise intervention was effective in improving the quality of life in asthmatic patients.The aerobic exercise intervention was also effective in improving the quality of life in asthmatic patients.However, the quantum of reduction in lung obstruction and therefore, the overall improvement in quality of life found to be more significant with the aerobic exercise intervention than breathing exercise intervention. Thus,a combination of the breathing exercises and aerobic exercise should be incorporated into the pulmonary rehabilitation program of the asthmatic patients.
The Impact of Myofascial Release Therapy and Deep Oscillation Therapy on Hamstring Muscle Length and tone in Children with Spastic Cerebral Palsy: A Comparative Study
Authors: Avilash Mohapatra  , Monalisha Pattnaik  , Patitapaban Mohanty
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND: As a result of restricted joint range of motion due to spasticity in patients with spastic cerebralpalsy, the patient’s ability to regain normal functioning may be hindered.PURPOSE: To evaluate the effectiveness of Myofascial Release Therapy (MFR) versus Deep Oscillation Therapy(DOT) in helping children with spastic cerebral palsy to relax and extend their hamstring range of motion.METHODOLOGY: A total of 32 individuals with spastic cerebral palsy, aged 2 to 10, were recruited for thiscomparative experimental study through a method of random sampling. Sixteen subjects were assigned to eachgroup. Group 1(N=16) received two sessions of MFR with conventional exercise per day, whereas Group 2(N=16)received a single session of DOT with conventional exercise per day. Throughout the course of four weeks, bothgroups got therapy five days per week. A universal goniometer was used to compare the knee extension passiverange of motion (PROM), active range of motion (AROM), and Popliteal angle (POP angle) measurements betweenthe pre- and post-treatment periods. Statistical analyses were conducted using ANOVA 2×2 and Post hoctables.RESULT: Both groups’ post-mean values for each of the dependent variables (AROM, PROM, and POP angle)statistically improved (p< 0.05). Both groups’ mean differences in the PROM and POP angles were statisticallysignificant, and Group 1’s spastic hamstring muscle was more improved than Group 2’s, but both groups’ AROMshowed almost equal improvement.CONCLUSION: In children with spastic cerebral palsy, both MFR and DOT, when combined with conventionaltherapy, reduce spasticity and increase length (AROM & PROM) in the hamstring muscle. However, our studyclearly shows that MFR is more successful than DOT.
Functional health literacy in chronic kidney disease patients: a challenge in the preventive approach
Authors: Ribeiro Fernanda Henriques Rocha , Cortez Eduardo Nogueira , Morais Flávio Augusto de , Pinto Flávio Mendonça , Moraes Katarinne Lima , Romano Márcia Christina Caetano , Martins Maria Auxiliadora Parreiras , Otoni Alba
Published: January 2024

Objective To identify the prevalence of functional health literacy and analyze the association between functional health literacy levels and clinical and sociodemographic variables in non-dialysis chronic kidney disease patients. Methods This is a cross-sectional study carried out with 167 chronic kidney disease patients being monitored at the nephrology outpatient clinic of a large city in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. For the interviews, a sociodemographic and clinical questionnaire and the Brazilian version of the Short Assessment of Health Literacy for Portuguese Speaking Adults (SAHLPA-18) were used to measure functional health literacy. Descriptive statistics were performed for sociodemographic and clinical variables, and correlation tests and linear regression models for association with functional health literacy. Results Most participants were older adults with a median age of 68 years, 33.3% (56 patients) were in stage 3B of chronic kidney disease and 53.9% (90 patients) had inadequate functional health literacy. There was no association between functional health literacy levels and clinical variables. The majority reported not using the internet and the more advanced stage of chronic kidney disease had lower literacy scores. Worse functional health literacy scores were also identified in those with lower income. Conclusion Most participants had inadequate functional health literacy. Clinical variables were not predictors of literacy scores. However, lower health literacy scores were identified in those with more advanced stage kidney disease, lower income and less internet use.
Estudios de Competitividad Relevantes sobre Factores Exógenos y Endógenos en las Pymes del Cantón Santa Elena
Authors: Tamayo Triviño Jorge Fabricio , Caiche Rosales William
Published: January 2024

En este estudio se realiza un análisis comparativo de la competitividad en el cantón Santa Elena, identificando sus determinantes y fuentes de variación. Para calcular las medidas de competitividad se realiza un análisis correlacional entre variables identificadas para el efecto, este análisis trata más bien de estudiar la relación entre dos o más variables al mismo tiempo. Teniendo en cuenta el nivel generalmente bajo de competitividad, los resultados principales revelan que muchos Pymes de la muestra tienen margen de mejora en la asignación de recursos por ejemplo. Además, de factores empresariales como la innovación y la sofisticación del entorno empresarial, se identifican aspectos estructurales, como el tamaño del mercado y la calidad de la demanda, y factores sistémicos, como la infraestructura, la salud, la educación, la capacitación laboral y el entorno macroeconómico, como condiciones importantes para aumentar la competitividad.
El Impacto de la Orientación Tutorial en la Escuela de Medicina de la Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco
Authors: Tosca Córdova Heriberto
Published: January 2024

El objetivo de este estudio es determinar la funcionabilidad en la orientación tutorial en el nivel superior, así como conocer las carencias que viven los alumnos ante las tutorías. Por medio de un enfoque cuantitativo, se aplicaron dos cuestionarios de respuestas cerradas a 54 participantes. Para que se pudiera conocer la relación que existe entre los estudiantes y su tutor, así como una evaluación hacia los tutores. Entre los resultados se encuentran que: 51 de 54 alumnos (94.44%) no muestra una conexión satisfactoria con el equipo de tutoría de su universidad, 43 de 54 alumnos (79.62%) expresaron que los tutores no contribuyen a las calificaciones de los alumnos, 42 de 54 alumnos (77.77%) mencionaron que los tutores son la última opción para los alumnos para comprender y mejorar en la materia y finalmente 34 de 54 alumnos (62.96%) sostienen que si hay alguna dificultad a mediados del semestre no existe apoyo de algún tutor. Se concluye que, de acuerdo con los resultados, los tutores deben comenzar a tomar acciones para mejorar su rol, pues es importante en la vida universitaria de sus alumnos.
Investigation of Split Ring Resonator Based Rectangular Micro-Strip Patch Antenna for Radar Communication
Authors: R. Sreelakshmy  , K. V. Shahnaz  , Karthika Ganesan  , R. Sruthy  , P. Bini Palas  , R. Sumathi
Published: January 2024

The advent of antenna technology has greatly influenced the field of wireless communication. In this paper, a novel rectangular microstrip patch antenna with split ring resonators is presented. It is intended for use in the X-band, which normally operates between 8 and 12 GHz. Split ring resonators are incorporated into the radiating patch to increase gain and frequency bandwidth. Based on Rogers TMM 10TM, a dielectric material with a relative permittivity of 9.8, the antenna is made to operate at 10.4 GHz in the X-band. Several factors, such as S-parameters, radiation pattern, Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR), gain, and directivity are used to assess the performance of the proposed antenna. The design and simulation of the antenna need the usage of High-Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS) software. The findings imply that the suggested antenna configuration has an efficiency of 93.5% and is proved to be an excellent candidate for Radar Communication because of its wide frequency bandwidth and other performances.
Using the Strategy Instructions Approach (SIA) in Teaching Reading Comprehension: A Case Study Schools in the Amathole East District South in Africa
Authors: Matope Samson , Senye-Awudi Patrick
Published: January 2024

This study sought to explore the effectiveness of using the Strategy Instructions Approach (SIA) to teach South African children reading comprehension. The majority of language teachers, especially those who teach English as a first or second language, were found to be lacking in the skills needed to impart reading comprehension effectively to their learners. Grade 8 learners were taught reading comprehension using SIA which was basically from the curriculum and assessment policy statement (CAPS) materials. A control group of 60 learners and an experimental group of 60 learners (sampled from three schools in Amathole East District in South Africa) were used to determine the effectiveness of SIA when compared to the traditional teaching approaches used by teachers to teach reading comprehension. The outcomes demonstrated that SIA enhanced performance in reading comprehension. The study recommends that schools especially, those in rural areas should have more reading resources and activities, longer hours on the school timetable for teaching reading comprehension, and higher institutions should train teachers to use SIA.

Keywords: Strategy Instructions Approach (SIA), Reading Comprehension, Curriculum and Assessment Policy Statement (CAPS), Control Group, Experimental Group
Early Results from GLASS-JWST. XXIV. The Mass–Metallicity Relation in Lensed Field Galaxies at Cosmic Noon with NIRISS*
Authors: He Xianlong , Wang Xin , Jones Tucker , Treu Tommaso , Glazebrook K. , Malkan Matthew A. , Vulcani Benedetta , Metha Benjamin , Bradač Maruša , Brammer Gabriel , Roberts-Borsani Guido , Strait Victoria , Bonchi Andrea , Castellano Marco , Fontana Adriano , Mason Charlotte , Merlin Emiliano , Morishita Takahiro , Paris Diego , Santini Paola , Trenti Michele , Boyett Kristan , Grasha K.
Published: January 2024

We present a measurement of the mass–metallicity relation (MZR) at Cosmic Noon, using the JWST near-infrared wide-field slitless spectroscopy obtained by the GLASS-JWST Early Release Science program. By combining the power of JWST and the lensing magnification by the foreground cluster A2744, we extend the measurements of the MZR to the dwarf mass regime at high redshifts. A sample of 50 galaxies with several emission lines is identified across two wide redshift ranges of z = 1.8–2.3 and 2.6–3.4 in the stellar mass range of

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[
6.9
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. The observed slope of MZR is 0.223 ± 0.017 and 0.294 ± 0.010 at these two redshift ranges, respectively, consistent with the slopes measured in field galaxies with higher masses. In addition, we assess the impact of the morphological broadening on emission line measurement by comparing two methods of using 2D forward modeling and line profile fitting to 1D extracted spectra. We show that ignoring the morphological broadening effect when deriving line fluxes from grism spectra results in a systematic reduction of flux by ∼30% on average. This discrepancy appears to affect all the lines and thus does not lead to significant changes in flux ratio and metallicity measurements. This assessment of the morphological broadening effect using JWST data presents, for the first time, an important guideline for future work deriving galaxy line fluxes from wide-field slitless spectroscopy, such as Euclid, Roman, and the Chinese Space Station Telescope.
A new species of the genus Rhyacophila Pictet, 1834 (Insecta, Trichoptera, Rhyacophilidae), from India
Authors: Ali Tabraq , Hussain Zahid , Majeed Aquib , Pandher Manpreet Singh , Parey Sajad H.
Published: January 2024

Rhyacophila masudisp. nov. from Northwest Himalaya of India is described and illustrated. The species mostly occurs in the Pir Panjal Region of Jammu and Kashmir, India. With this new addition, the genus Rhyacophila is represented by 166 valid species from India.
The new problem of Chinlestegophis and the origin of caecilians (Amphibia, Gymnophionomorpha) is highly sensitive to old problems of sampling and character construction
Authors: Marjanović David , Maddin Hillary C. , Olori Jennifer C. , Laurin Michel
Published: January 2024

The description of the small Late Triassic temnospondyl Chinlestegophis ushered in a potentially radically new understanding of the origins of the extant amphibian clades. Together with the fragmentary Rileymillerus, Chinlestegophis was argued to link extant caecilians to Permo-Triassic stereospondyl temnospondyls rather than to frogs and salamanders (and through them to amphibamiform temnospondyls or to brachystelechid and lysorophian “lepospondyls”). We critically review the comparative description of Chinlestegophis and phylogenetic analyses of previous studies. Most of the features previously interpreted to be shared by caecilians, Chinlestegophis and/or other stereospondyls have different distributions than scored in the analysis. We also find no evidence for an incipient tentacular sulcus in Chinlestegophis, and note that its vertebrae, unreduced ribs and dermal shoulder girdle are unlike those of any extant amphibians (nor their likely sister group, Albanerpetidae). Furthermore, the original matrices contain misscores accreted over more than a decade that likewise influence the results. Some features are coded as multiple redundant characters: the double toothrow of Chinlestegophis, other stereospondyls, and caecilians is represented as seven characters. Analysis of the unmodified matrix yields much less resolution than originally reported, and tree topology is altered by a small change to the taxon sample (the addition of Albanerpetidae), limited revisions of irreproducible scores, and ordering the most obviously clinal characters; any one of these changes removes Chinlestegophis from Lissamphibia, and confirms it as a stereospondyl.
Intraocular Pressure Lowering Associated With Worsening Optic Pit-Like Retinoschisis
Authors: Yousif Jonah E. , Miller Jason M. L.
Published: January 2024

In this article, we present a case of optic pit-like macular retinoschisis in the absence of advanced glaucomatous cupping. Intraocular pressure (IOP)-lowering therapy, which was started due to an early concern for glaucoma, caused a worsening of the retinoschisis, which subsequently resolved on discontinuation of the IOP-lowering therapy. Lower IOP likely triggered intraretinal fluid accumulation by facilitating a translaminar gradient from the subarachnoid to intraretinal space.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
2024;55:100–102.]
Minimum atom-bond sum-connectivity index of trees with a fixed order and/or number of pendent vertices
Authors: Alraqad Tariq A. , Milovanović Igor Ž. , Saber Hicham , Ali Akbar , Mazorodze Jaya P. , Attiya Adel A.
Published: January 2024

Let $ d_u $ be the degree of a vertex $ u $ of a graph $ G $. The atom-bond sum-connectivity (ABS) index of a graph $ G $ is the sum of the numbers $ (1-2(d_v+d_w)^{-1})^{1/2} $ over all edges $ vw $ of $ G $. This paper gives the characterization of the graph possessing the minimum ABS index in the class of all trees of a fixed number of pendent vertices; the star is the unique extremal graph in the mentioned class of graphs. The problem of determining graphs possessing the minimum ABS index in the class of all trees with $ n $ vertices and $ p $ pendent vertices is also addressed; such extremal trees have the maximum degree $ 3 $ when $ n\ge 3p-2\ge7 $, and the balanced double star is the unique such extremal tree for the case $ p = n-2 $.
La documentación de San Andrés de Espinareda: testimonio de una variedad de frontera
Authors: Sánchez González de Herrero M.ª Nieves
Published: January 2024

Este trabajo describe algunos rasgos lingüísticos presentes en testimonios de los siglos XIII y XIV pertenecientes al fondo del monasterio de San Andrés de Espinareda, redactados en el propio monasterio o en lugares próximos enclavados en El Bierzo.El análisis de los rasgos seleccionados, tanto fonéticos como morfológicos, ofrece una clara muestra de hibridismo en el registro escrito empleado.
Interrupting Inequity Within the Higher Education System
Authors: Paige-Jeffers Elsbeth K. , Lahti Ruth A. H.
Published: January 2024

This chapter addresses the ongoing manifestations of the historically exclusionary institution of higher education and provides suggestions for interrupting these persistent inequities via a case study in online higher education. The various strata of higher education employees, including faculty and staff, as well as senior leaders, middle managers, and individual contributors, are addressed. Furthermore, various institutional organizations pertaining to DEIB are discussed, including grassroots groups, official governing bodies, and more. Potential pitfalls and historical underpinnings informing this case study are reprised throughout.
Analysis Methods for Hydrological Drought
Authors: Maftei Carmen , Dobrica Gabriel , Barbulescu Alina , Serban Cristina
Published: January 2024

According to the World Meteorological Organization, the total economic impact of drought in Europe in the past 30 years was close to €100 billion. A recent publication by the European Environment Agency states that meteorological and hydrological droughts have become more frequent and severe in most of Europe, “being the highest in southern Europe.” Significant changes in worldwide hydrography have occurred recently, as evidenced by the drying up of some lakes and a decrease in river flows. In a handbook published by WMO and Global Water Partnership, a set of indices and indicators were proposed to investigate different drought types. The data needed to calculate these indices refers to different hydrometeorological variables, and their analysis must be carried out. The indices based on remote sensing data could offer a viable alternative to improve the observation. Based on different applications realized by the authors, we propose a review of the methods used to identify hydrological drought. It suggests a methodology appropriate to the Dobrogea region in southeastern Romania.
Expanding Understandings of Race in Postsecondary Language Classrooms
Authors: Hebbard Marcela
Published: January 2024

While issues of race in relation to teacher identity have been addressed in language education research, they have often been confined to special issues. Factors contributing to the “absent-present” nature of race include an imbalanced focus on intersectionality which tends to prioritize the teacher's linguistic identity over other social categories, such as race and the persistent dichotomy between the idealized native speaker and non-native speaker. To broaden the understandings of race in teacher identity research within postsecondary language classrooms, this chapter advocates for considering the notion of multiraciality. To support these arguments, results from a critical discourse analysis (CDA) of four empirical studies are presented. The analysis demonstrates that race is often perceived as fixed and singular. The findings suggest that language educators and researchers should engage in critical thinking about how they describe and racially classify students and participants.
Language, Identity, and Racism in Postsecondary Classrooms
Authors: Gbadegesin Michael Olayinka , Aluko Rachel Oluwafisayo
Published: January 2024

Language, identity, and racism are three concepts that define people's attitudes in all facets of relationship. The system of interrelatedness which exists among the three concepts of language, identity, and racism can therefore be said to be reflective. This study investigated elements of language used in foregrounding identity and racism in multiracial classroom settings. The study gathered data through a self-designed Google questionnaire of a mixed structure. Forty Nigerian graduate students studying in different parts of the world were selected for the research. The study shows that use of language to establish identity and racism is covert in postsecondary classrooms of the selected respondents; hence, expression of racism among learners is mostly done unconsciously and basically unintended.
Writing Centers' Praxis Is Not Neutral but Raced
Authors: Chang Daniel , Chen Qinghua , Lin Angel Mei Yi
Published: January 2024

This chapter begins by questioning the existing practices of writing centre tutoring. Based on the first author's writing centre tutoring experience and some artifacts, such as consultation notes, consultation forms, and feedback on student essays, the authors question whether the writing centre is truly a safe and neutral space for post-secondary writers and whether writing tutoring feedback contains some Eurocentric racial discourses that are complicit and coded in a way that sounds so called objective. Drawing on Lemke's principle of intertextuality, the authors highlight how standardized academic writing expectations have been unconsciously normalized and naturalized in writing centre tutoring discussions, thereby reinforcing the tutor's authority. In the end, we are in the position to look for an alternative, transformative change in the writing centre tutoring practice and a structural shift that can go beyond “remedial writing service provider.”
A Textbook Case of Antiracism
Authors: Natarajan Srividya , Pez Emily
Published: January 2024

The pedagogic assumption that English is not only a target language for international students and other L2 English users, but also a metonym for the desirable culture to which they must assimilate is still prevalent in many Canadian institutions. This chapter discusses how two teacher-practitioners wrote a first-year writing (FYW) textbook for multilingual students, drawing on critical pedagogy to resist this form of white linguistic and epistemic supremacy while also empowering multilingual writers and resolving the vexed question of content in writing textbooks. In this chapter, the authors describe their fruitless search for a suitable textbook, their decision to write their own, their articulation of the principles that would guide their composing process, the frameworks they drew upon, and the secondary research that supported their choices as they created FYW learning materials that were antiracist and anti-linguicist but supportive of the academic success of multilingual students within the prevailing assessment ecologies in their institution.
A Systematized Review of Anti-Racist Pedagogical Strategies
Authors: Holden Teresa , Smith Clayton
Published: January 2024

Racism permeates postsecondary language classrooms around the world which affects the experiences and learning outcomes of language students, namely those who study English as an additional language and English as a foreign language, referred to as additional language learners (ALLs), English as a second language (ESL), or English language learners (ELLs). Through an interrogation of the connection between race and language instruction, this chapter discusses anti-racist practices that interfere with language teaching in higher education. It presents a systematized review that aims to critically examine existing literature on the interrogation of racism within higher education with a focus on anti-racist pedagogical strategies. Critical Race Theory (CRT) guides the analysis and highlights the underlying power structures and systemic racism that shape language education. This review finds evidence of epistemological racism, linguistic biases, White supremacy, and English language dominance in the higher education language classroom. Recommendations for teacher practice are made.
Personalization of Marketing for Today and the Future
Authors: Pinarbasi Fatih
Published: January 2024

Advances in artificial intelligence significantly impact the marketing industry as a whole, including customers, enterprises, and the market environment. The intersection of artificial intelligence with particular marketing topics, such as personalization, offers significant potential for both present and future marketing. This study aims to examine the personalization concept within AI intersections perspective; with that aim, a literature review methodology is used. Seven intersection areas are presented in the study: advanced customer segmentation and targeting, predictive analytics for personalized marketing, emotion recognition and sentiment analysis, context-aware personalization, dynamic content generation and customization, intelligent recommendation systems, and personalized customer service and chatbots. Each intersection area contains one example business case. The study also includes solutions and recommendations, and future research directions.
Social Networks on the Internet
Authors: dos Santos Claro José Alberto Carvalho
Published: January 2024

The chapter in question addresses the importance of social networks on the internet for science, as well as the evolution of these networks and their role in scientific research. It defines the concept of social networks on the internet and explores their specific relevance in the context of scientific research. In addition, it discusses how social networks can be used as tools for conducting scientific research and how to promote scientific dissemination and communication. It also explores active and passive approaches in the dissemination of research, highlighting academic social networks and other traditional tools that can be used for scientific outreach. The concept of the citation funnel is introduced, and guidance is provided on how to cite content taken from social networks. Finally, the challenges faced in communicating science to a lay audience are presented.
The Impact of Real-Time Marketing in the Engagement of the Brand “Control” on Instagram
Authors: Duarte Alexandre , Paulo Rita
Published: January 2024

In this high-speed world, actuality and agility are decisive factors for the success of any company. With consumers being constantly attracted to multiple points of interest, the attention span has become fundamental to the efficiency of any communication strategy. In this context, real time marketing (RTM) emerged as a possible path to increase the involvement of the consumers with brands. This chapter analyzes its impact and effectiveness. Using the brand Control as a basis for this study, a three-step methodology were conducted. First, Instagram posts of the brand were analyzed, comparing RTM publications with the others. Then, exploratory interviews were conducted with the brand's marketing director and the creative agency head of digital, and finally a questionnaire survey was applied to 386 brand followers. Results showed a significantly greater interaction and engagement in RTM publications, and most of the research hypotheses were confirmed, as well as validated the central question: the use of RTM increases brand engagement, mainly through likes, comments, and publication shares.
The Role of Device Affordances in the Design and Implementation of Micro-Lessons
Authors: Ilic Peter
Published: January 2024

This chapter examines factors influencing the success of micro-lessons in educational settings, focusing on the alignment of content mode and length with the affordances of devices. Micro-lessons, designed to condense complex topics into short, manageable learning units, are becoming commonplace. However, their effectiveness hinges on the delicate balance between activity content and the constraints of the delivery platform. The focus is specifically on the strategic matching of multimodal content length and device affordance to mitigate issues of device-to-content incompatibility, thereby enhancing the pedagogical efficacy of micro-lessons within diverse educational settings. The author considers the compatibility of content with common devices—desktop PC, laptop PC, tablet, E-reader, Smartphone, and paper (non-digital)—and provide the resulting data that can inform the design of micro-lessons.
Microlearning Within a Constructivist Learning Approach Using Games as the Pedagogic Tool
Authors: Odhiambo Karen T.
Published: January 2024

The knowledge era has placed new demands on learning with theoretical forerunners in critical thinking and creativity. This has called for emphasis on learning strategies that have not been applied as they should, such as “Microlearning.” The author intends to do this using game-based play as the pedagogic tool. Microlearning is a way of teaching and delivering content to learners in bite-sized at 3-5 minutes bursts. The approach towards microlearning game-based approach is desirable regarding the want to develop cognitive capacities and reflection on learning processes that have today taken center stage. The author will address this issue with a view of developing logic of thinking and a conceptual model that creates synergies with games as the pedagogic tool within microlearning design guided by constructivist epistemology as the theory of learning.
Teaching Critical Thinking Skills to EFL Learners via Micro-Lessons
Authors: Lingle Will
Published: January 2024

Critical thinking skills, while vital for today's young people, are challenging to teach, particularly in a second-language medium class, and micro-lessons may improve students' comprehension and skills development. The impact of micro-lessons on student assessment performance in a second-language medium class was given an empirical test. University students (n = 33; 41) in an English-medium class in Japan were given a parallel set of lessons on logical fallacies during two classes. Traditional lecture methods were used to teach one half of the fallacies in the lessons while students were given video micro-lessons to study the other half, along with in-class instructor support and feedback. Students' ability to identify these common fallacy types was tested using pre- and post-tests in both classes. Test results indicate that both instructional methods proved effective, although student feedback showed a preference for an approach that incorporates lectures as well as micro-lessons.
Programming Fundamentals Mixed Reality Learning Object
Authors: Soberanes-Martín Anabelem , Soberanes Fabian , Castillo José Luis
Published: January 2024

This chapter proposes the creation of a learning object based on the microlearning strategy, which focuses on delivering information in short learning units, providing students with practical exercises and opportunities to create flowcharts and pseudocode. The techno-pedagogical design uses the TPack model to design a programming learning experience. WebXR technology is used to create extended reality experiences. Two instruments are used: one to evaluate students' knowledge before and after interacting with the learning object and another to evaluate the application's usability. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's test were applied to determine the significance of the differences between the three sample groups.
AI-Driven IoT (AIIoT) in Healthcare Monitoring
Authors: Kazi Kutubuddin
Published: January 2024

This research provides a thorough yet concise review of the opportunities and challenges for utilizing AI and IoT in the healthcare sector. Also included are an outline of AI and IoT, their applicability, certain observations on recent developments, a look at what the future holds, and difficulties facing healthcare systems. The web of things has several uses in healthcare organizations, from remote monitoring to sophisticated sensors and medical device fusion. In any event, it can help professionals communicate ideas more effectively while keeping patients safe and sound. The internet of things (IoT) for human organisations can also assist in attaining responsibility and satisfaction by promising patients to collaborate further closely with medical professionals.
AI-Driven Solution Selection
Authors: Ngoc Tran Thi Hong , Khanh Phan Truong , Pramanik Sabyasachi
Published: January 2024

With the fast growth of aquatic data, machine learning is essential for data analysis, categorization, and prediction. Data-driven models using machine learning may effectively handle complicated nonlinear problems in water research, unlike conventional approaches. Machine learning models and findings have been used to build, monitor, simulate, evaluate, and optimize water treatment and management systems in water environment research. Machine learning may also enhance water quality, pollution control, and watershed ecosystem security. This chapter discusses how ML approaches were used to assess water quality in surface, ground, drinking, sewage, and ocean. The authors also suggest potential machine learning applications in aquatic situations.
AI-Driven Learning Analytics for Personalized Feedback and Assessment in Higher Education
Authors: Vashishth Tarun Kumar , Sharma Vikas , Sharma Kewal Krishan , Kumar Bhupendra , Panwar Rajneesh , Chaudhary Sachin
Published: January 2024

Advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) and learning analytics have opened up new possibilities for personalized education in higher education institutions. This chapter explores the potential of AI-driven learning analytics in higher education, focusing on its application in personalized feedback and assessment. By leveraging AI algorithms and data analytics, personalized feedback can be provided to students, targeting their specific strengths and areas for improvement. Adaptive and formative assessments can also be facilitated through AI-driven learning analytics, enabling personalized and accurate evaluation of students' knowledge and skills. However, ethical considerations, implementation challenges, and faculty training are crucial aspects that must be addressed for successful adoption. As technology continues to evolve, embracing AI-driven learning analytics can enhance student engagement, support individualized learning, and optimize educational outcomes.
Smart Speakers
Authors: Priyanka Asi Lakshmi
Published: January 2024

Smart speakers have taken the world by storm and have become an essential part of many households. As the use of smart speakers becomes more prevalent, the role of artificial intelligence (AI) in buying behavior has become increasingly important. With smart speakers becoming more intelligent and better integrated with AI, they have the potential to revolutionize the way consumers shop. This chapter will explore the impact of smart speakers on AI in buying behavior, the benefits and challenges of adopting this technology, and the future outlook of smart speakers and AI in commerce.
Balancing FOMO and Digital Detoxification
Authors: Mewafarosh Rekha , Agarwal Shivani , Dwivedi Deeksha
Published: January 2024

In the contemporary world, where everything is available in the blink of an eye, it can be appropriate to say that everything is available within a click. All the products and services are available in no time. But this facility of getting almost everything creates a feeling of missing out on the users which creates the further need for detoxification from the digital world. The study deals with the two major concepts of today's scenario which are fear of missing out (FOMO) and digital detoxification. In the study, the author will suggest the ways in which people can make a balance between FOMO and digital detoxification. The study will mention the challenges of dealing with FOMO and how to do digital detoxification for better functioning in the digital world.
Cognitive Unburdening
Authors: Verma Balraj , Chatterji Niti
Published: January 2024

This study examines the impact of digital detoxification on the psychological well-being of Generation Z in North India. Using structured questionnaires, data was collected from individuals aged 11 to 26. The measurement model's validity and reliability were confirmed using confirmatory factor analysis. Also, the mediation analysis was performed using the SPSS macro PROCESS by Hayes. The study confirms that digital detoxification positively influences well-being, mediated by reduced cognitive overload. Findings highlight the need for mindful technology use and periodic disconnection to enhance mental health. This research contributes insights into the complex interplay of digital detox, cognitive load, and well-being, offering implications for promoting healthier digital habits and improved psychological health.