bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF IVABRADINE HYDROCHLORIDE LOADED TRANSFERSOMAL GEL FOR TRANSDERMAL DELIVERY
Authors: CHAURASIA GITA , LARIYA NARENDRA
Published: September 2020

Objective: Aim of this study was to develop the topical delivery containing ivabradine hydrochloride (IVH) loaded transpersonal gel for symptomatic treatment of chronic stable angina pectoris in coronary artery disease.

Methods: Different hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) values of surfactants-tween-80, span-80 and sodium deoxycholate (SDC) were investigated to prepare transfersomes (TFs)respectively, with different concentration of soya phosphatidylcholine and 10% v/v ethanol in phosphate buffer solution (pH 6.8) by conventional rotary evaporation sonication method. The prepared formulations were evaluated for percentage entrapment efficiency (%EE), deformability index (DI), turbidity, vesicle shape and size, in vitro drug release study and stability. SEM was done on selected formulation F8 and liposome formulation (LF). Gel was prepared by using carbopol-940 as a gelling agent with propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol solution as permeation enhancer by 32 factorial design optimization methods. The developed gel was evaluated for pH, viscosity, drug content, ex-vivo permeation studies and stability studies of TFs-gel. This was compared with LF-gel prepared by same procedure.

Results: Maximum % EE (78.4±0.94), suitable vesicular size (128.6 nm) and maximum DI (34.9±1.9) was found in TFs-TW-80 and selected for gel development. In vitro drug release data from TFs-TW-80, plain drug solution and liposomal formulation (LF) revealed that % cumulative drug released in TFs-TW-80 was found maximum (89.5±0.12 %) in 20 min than others. It was 2.1 times higher than LF and 3.3 times higher than the plain drug. SEM study showed spherical shape of vesicles. The drug contents in the TFs and LF gels were found to be 92 to 95%w/w. Partition coefficient for TFs-loaded gel was 1.04±0.03. Ex vivo permeation study from hairless rat skin showed that permeation of drug is described by firstly first-order kinetics than zero-order kinetics. The drug released from TFs-gel was found to be 1.7 times higher than LF-gel and about 1.9 times higher than plain drug. Flux from TFs-gel was 2.04 times greater than LF-gel and 3.28 times more than plan drug. Stability studies indicated that suitable storage condition for developed gel was temperature 25 °C or less, where the pH, potency and therapeutic efficacy of formulations remain constant.

Conclusion: Thus, transdermal route has become one of the most successful and innovative focus for research in drug delivery of IVH loaded TFs-TW-80 to increase stability and bioavailability.
PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF ETODOLAC BEARING EMULSOMES
Authors: GILL VIVEK , NANDA ARUN
Published: September 2020

Objective: Emulsomes are novel vesicular drug delivery system with an internal solid lipid core surrounded by one or more bilayers of phospholipids. Etodolac is a potent anti-inflammatory drug and is a drug of choice for the treatment of various diseases. The present study is focused on the development of emulsomes using etodolac as drug candidates having improved drug loading with sustained-release effect for patient compliance.

Methods: Emulsomes formulation composed of solid lipids (tristearin), phospholipids, cholesterol, stearylamine, and drug (etodolac) were prepared by lipid film hydration method followed by sonication to produce emulsomes of the nanometric size range. All the formulations were optimized by using box-behnken design of experiment considering 3 factors viz. drug to phospholipid ratio (A), tristearin to phospholipid ratio (B), stearylamine to phospholipid ratio (C) at 3 levels lower (-1), middle (0) and upper (+1). The response of the independent variables (A, B, C) was studied on the dependent variable viz. particle size (Y1), zeta potential (Y2), and entrapment efficiency (Y3). The responses were analyzed by design expert software to find out the optimized values of variables within the design space.

Results: Compatibility with excipients was established by FTIR studies. The developed emulsomes were spherical shape vesicles as analyzed by TEM. The optimized batch (OB) was evaluated for particle size, zeta potential, and entrapment efficiency with experimental values 383.1 ± 11.7 nm, 47.2 ± 1.3 mV and 80.1 ± 3.2% and predicted values 390.394 nm, 45.000 mV and 81.642 %, respectively. The experimental values were found in reasonable agreement with predicted values by the design of the experiment. In vitro drug release study showed sustained release of the drug (88.69 % after 24 h).

Conclusion: Etodolac loaded emulsomes is a novel drug delivery system and found to reliable in terms of various characteristic parameters like particle size, zeta potential, entrapment efficiency, and drug release. 3-factors 3-levels Box-behnken design of the experiment is a suitable design for the optimization of emulsomes.
FABRICATION AND IN VITRO CHARACTERIZATION OF A NOVEL NANOSUSPENSION OF TELMISARTAN: A POORLY SOLUBLE DRUG PREPARED BY ANTISOLVENT PRECIPITATION TECHNIQUE USING 33 FACTORIAL DESIGN
Authors: MOHAPATRA PRASANTA KUMAR , SIREESHA  , RATHORE VAIBHAV , VERMA HARISH CHANDRA , RATH BIBHUTI PRASAD , SAHOO SATYAJIT
Published: September 2020

Objective: The motivation behind the current examination was to build the solvency and dissolution rate of an antihypertensive drug telmisartan by the planning of nanosuspension by precipitation method at the research facility scale. We researched the nanoparticle manufacture of telmisartan employing a 33 factorial experimental configuration considering the impacts of nanosuspension on the physical, morphological, and dissolution properties of telmisartan.

Methods: To get ready, nanosuspension particles of an ineffectively dissolvable drug are moreover of a drug solution to the anti-solvent leads to abrupt supersaturation and precipitation the making of nanoparticles. The nanosuspension particles of a poorly soluble drug loaded with urea and surfactants (sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS), poloxamer 188, Tween 80) have been prepared by a precipitation method. The nanosuspension particles were characterized for particle size, zeta potential, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), in vitro drug release, and release kinetics.

Results: The readily optimized batch nanosuspension particles evaluated and exhibited the particle size (750 nm), zeta potential (-24.33 mV), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) drug exhibited a change in crystalline form to amorphous, in vitro dissolution (F12 was higher 95% within 5 min) and drug release kinetics. The formulation parameter of surfactant concentration is optimized.

Conclusion: The formulation of the nanosuspension approach has been shown to substantial improvement in the dissolution rate, thereby enhancing the oral bioavailability with the future development of this technology.
FAST DISSOLVING SUBLINGUAL PATCH OF PHENOBARBITAL SODIUM: FORMULATION AND IN VITRO EVALUATION
Authors: THAYYILAKANDY SUJAID , P. S. GAYATHRI , K. K. ARJUN , KRISHNAKUMAR GAYATHRI , NAIR SREEJA C.
Published: September 2020

Objective: To formulate and characterize. Phenobarbital sodium loaded sublingual patch using biodegradable, mucoadhesive, fast-dissolving natural polymer pullulan for immediate management of epileptic seizures.

Methods: Phenobarbital sodium loaded sublingual patches were prepared by the solvent casting method and were subjected to various physicochemical evaluation parameters to find the optimized sublingual patch. The in vitro drug release study and kinetic model of the optimized formulation was also carried out. The stability study of the optimized Phenobarbital sodium loaded sublingual patch was also done.

Results: From in vitro drug release study, it was found that Phenobarbital sodium loaded sublingual patch (S4) exhibited a maximum drug release of 96.24±1.27% at the end of 60 min compared to other formulations indicating a faster drug release from the formulation with release kinetics as Higuchi diffusion model. In fact, a notable release data was obtained between 0.5 to 8 min by all formulations, specifically S4 formulation (20.84±1.97% and 77.22±2.41% drug release at the end of 0.5 min and 8 min respectively) showed a better percentage release profile in comparison with other formulations. Such a trend is vital to deliver the drug at a faster rate to promote immediate effect for managing the fatal and complicated seizure. Considering the physicochemical property and in vitro drug release data, S4 formulation was regarded as an optimized one. The stability study also confirmed that S4 formulation is stable at refrigeration conditions.

Conclusion: The formulated Phenobarbital sodium loaded sublingual patch is an effective drug delivery carrier which enables faster drug release to manage epileptic seizure.
Circuit optimization of Hamiltonian simulation by simultaneous diagonalization of Pauli clusters
Authors: van den Berg Ewout , Temme Kristan
Published: September 2020

Many applications of practical interest rely on time evolution of Hamiltonians that are given by a sum of Pauli operators. Quantum circuits for exact time evolution of single Pauli operators are well known, and can be extended trivially to sums of commuting Paulis by concatenating the circuits of individual terms. In this paper we reduce the circuit complexity of Hamiltonian simulation by partitioning the Pauli operators into mutually commuting clusters and exponentiating the elements within each cluster after applying simultaneous diagonalization. We provide a practical algorithm for partitioning sets of Paulis into commuting subsets, and show that the proposed approach can help to significantly reduce both the number ofCNOToperations and circuit depth for Hamiltonians arising in quantum chemistry. The algorithms for simultaneous diagonalization are also applicable in the context of stabilizer states; in particular we provide novel four- and five-stage representations, each containing only a single stage of conditional gates.
The African Peace and Security Architecture as a Tool for the Maintenance of Peace and Security. Part 1
Authors: Gardachew Bewuketu Dires
Published: September 2020

This study critically explores the extent to which the African Peace and Security Architecture (APSA) (such as the African Standby Force (ASF), the Continental Early Warning System (CEWS), Panel of the Wise (PoW) and the Peace Fund (PF)) have been successful in achieving their institutional objectives, as well as the degree to which they are able to contribute to the work of the African Union Peace and Security Council (AU PSC). The AU PSC as a key pillar of the APSA is the main decision-making body regarding issues of peace and security. In order to achieve its responsibility, the AU PSC shall be supported by the African Standby Force, the Continental Early Warning System, Panel of the Wise and the Peace Fund. APSA is the umbrella term for the key African Union (AU) mechanisms for promoting peace, security and stability in the African continent. More specifically, it is an operational structure for the effective implementation of the decisions taken in the areas of conflict prevention, peace-making, peace support operations and intervention, as well as peace-building and post-conflict reconstruction. APSA is envisioned as a means by which Africa can take a greater role in managing peace and security on the continent, with the objective of offering “African solutions to African problems”.
The Effect of Human Resources Capacity, Budget Planning, Political Budgeting, and Public Transparency on the APBD Documents and KUA-PPAS’s Synchronization in Musi Banyuasin District Government
Authors: Syuroh Mat
Published: September 2020

This study aims to determine the effect of human resources capacity, budget planning, political budgeting, and public transparency on the synchronization between Regional Revenues and expenditures budget (APBD) document and General Policy of Regional Revenues and Expenditures Budget (KUA) and Provisional Budget Ceiling Priority (PPAS) document in Indonesia. The studied objects in this study were councilors and officer/staff involved in the preparation of the Work Plan Budget (RKA) SKPD includes 33 SKPD. The sampling method used census method, where the sample includes 127 peoples. The data obtained was analyzed through multiple linear regression tests. Hypotheses simultaneously and partially tested by F test and t test. The results of this study showed that simultaneous variable capacity of human resources, budget planning, political budgeting, and public transparency has a positive and significant impact on the synchronization between APBD documents and KUA-PPAS documents. In partial, the capacity of human resources, budget planning, political budgeting, and public transparency has appositive and significant impact on the synchronization between APBD documents and KUA-PPAS documents. The implications of this research can be useful as a conceptual contribution to policy makers, especially in West Lombok Regency Government and Parliament, in which they should be more consistent and have a high commitment dealing with budgeting and KUA-PPAS.
Impact of UNDP’s Initiated Projects on Socio-Economic Development of Women: A Study of Rural Punjab, Pakistan
Authors: Nisar R. D
Published: September 2020

Women are half of the worlds total population. Their condition around the globe is drastic. Womens empowerment is much underscore issue of the 21st century. The West, which got phenomenal prosperity, is a direct result of empowering their women. It is a proven fact that without empowering the half of the population, a country cannot achieve prosperity in any field. Several governmental and non-governmental organizations are working intensively on womens empowerment issue, but the United Nations (UN) contributions are above all, as its charter ensures the basic rights of women. During the last two decades, the UN has held many conferences, seminars and workshops on women rights to launch a global strive. A number of the UN agencies are working on this issue, but most effective work on womens empowerment has been carried out by the United Nations Development Program (UNDP). It works throughout the world by advocacy, partnerships, and provides technical support and financial aid to government and non-governmental organizations. In Pakistan, women are 51.73 percent of the total population. The condition of female population specifically in rural areas is adverse. Women are deprived of their basic human rights, and the literacy ratio among women is also alarmingly low. Being a developing state, Pakistan depends upon financial aid and technical support from international agencies. After the 18th amendment to the Constitution, provinces receive all sorts of aid directly from the donor agencies. The UNDP operates throughout the country known as the UNDP Pakistan. Because of dire situation in rural areas, the UNDP is working for rural uplift. This study has highlighted the socio-economic impacts of UNDP initial program on women in detail.
Social assessment of technology and humanitarization of engineering in the information society
Authors: Tsvyk V. A , Tsvyk I. V
Published: September 2020

The article considers definitions of the contemporary technology and its social and moral assessment. In the information society, humanitarization of engineering and technical education in general becomes extremely important together with the social-humanitarian knowledge in the interdisciplinary assessment of the scientific-technological development. Technology Assessment (TA) is a new scientific discipline, a theory of assessing and forecasting the development of technology, and a practice of consulting. Based on the TA, algorithms are developed to identify negative effects of technology and to make scientifically sound decisions. An interdisciplinary dialogue on the social assessment of technology should focus not only on technocratic tasks but also on the social-humanitarian methodological and epistemological foundations of the TA. In recent years, this component of the social assessment of technology has influenced the Western-European academic discourse on Responsible Research and Innovation, which reflects the scientific understanding of the importance of ethical reflection of technical activity. Thus, there is an obvious need for the combination of the social-humanitarian expertise of innovative technological projects with technical, mathematical and applied methods in the information age. Contemporary radical changes determined by the scientific-technological revolution require new approaches, methods and forms of interaction between people and communities, while their global nature determines universal ethical principles of these relationships. The post-modern information development of Russia will be accompanied not only by implementation of information technologies in all spheres of life, but also by the social-moral assessment of technology, humanization and humanitarization of engineering, strengthening personal professionalism and creative abilities.
Mystification of the highest power: A case of Indonesia
Authors: Rosyadi Kh.
Published: September 2020

In 1998, after the fall of the New Order regime, Indonesia passed through a social, political and economic transition, including a change of power. The first power transition happened in 1999, when Abdurrahman Wahid became the President of Indonesia through the Parliament. The election of Abdurrahman Wahid as the President of Indonesia is inseparable from mystification of power (politics) which he started. The article aims at understanding why Abdurrahman Wahid as the President of Indonesia chose the strategy of power mystification. The study is based on the case study approach. The results of the study show that the strategy of mystification of power was chosen by Abdurrahman Wahid for he could use his social status as the grandson of the founder of the Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) - the largest Islamic organization in Indonesia, which was determined by the NU tradition that children or grandchildren of the kiai had privileges. The Javanese understanding of power is different from the European discourse of power due to the fact that the Javanese explanation of power or leadership cannot be separated from social, political and cultural factors of society or community. Different types of leadership and power are results of differences in social and cultural factors and organization of societies. For the Javanese, power is homogeneous by nature and has the same features wherever it appears. The forms of power are expressions of the same reality, derive from the same source and have the same quality: all forms of power are based on the participation in one force pervading the entire universe. Thus, the Javanese considers individuals and groups that gain power as containers that contain a portion of these cosmic forces.
Panorama de la pandemia COVID-19
Authors: Marín Sánchez Obert , Rodriguez Landauro Ana Juliet , Marín Machuca Olegario , Marín Sánchez Ulert , Gamero  C. Betty E. , Vértiz Osores Jacinto Joaquin
Published: September 2020

La Organización Mundial de la Salud recibió un informe de la República Popular China sobre neumonía atípica en la ciudad de Wuhan, el 31 de diciembre de 2019. Desde el primer reporte han pasado 105 días (30 de abril), y es poco lo que se conoce sobre el nuevo coronavirus (SARS-CoV2) y la enfermedad COVID-19. Los estudios epidemiológicos de los últimos años ya alertaban sobre nuevos brotes de coronavirus, pero no fueron tomados en consideración, y esto dio lugar a que SARS-CoV2 sea el primer beta-coronavirus que alcanza el estado de pandemia. El diagnóstico está basado en pruebas moleculares para detección del virus y, en pruebas serológicas para la enfermedad. Adicionalmente, se conoce poco sobre los mecanismos de contagio y de transmisión. Aún se está investigando los mecanismos celulares y moleculares que emplea el virus para la infección, adicionando los procesos similares de la respuesta inmune en humanos. Finalmente, los esfuerzos actuales están enfocados en tratamientos eficaces y en el desarrollo de vacunas; pero por el momento sólo se tienen candidatos vacunales que aún están en fase de investigación clínica y aún requieren más tiempo para aprobarse su uso en la población humana.
Respuesta a emergencias aplicando Tecnologías de Información Geográfica ante la propagación del COVID-19 en Perú
Authors: Gonzales Gonzales Miqueas , Méndez Gutierrez Raúl , Mucching Mendoza Carlos , Pérez Aguirre Miguel , Cortez Chiroque Jonathan , Iberos Jimenez Jean
Published: September 2020

La investigación tiene como objetivo elaborar una propuesta didáctica para el uso de Tecnologías de la Información Geográfica (TIG), que permitirá a las autoridades acceder a más recursos para tomar mejores decisiones en las tareas de seguimiento, control y respuesta a la pandemia del COVID-19 (enfermedad asociada con la infección por SARS-CoV-2). Se analizó todo el universo de la población del territorio peruano. Mediante programas especializados en Sistemas de Información Geográfica (SIG) diseñados para mostrar múltiples visualizaciones en una sola pantalla, se ofrece una vista completa y atractiva de los datos. Los resultados obtenidos muestran cuadros y proyecciones del COVID-19, concluyendo que afecta a más hombres que mujeres. Además, tiene una tasa de letalidad del 3,82% y la mayor cantidad de fallecidos son adultos mayores, cobrando la vida de 193 personas e infectado a 7519, hasta la fecha de 11 de abril del 2020. Se tiene previsto que el próximo 12 de mayo, el COVID-19 llegue al número máximo de contagiados.
Riesgo de transmisión y bioseguridad del SARS-COV-2 por aerosoles generados durante los procedimientos odontológicos
Authors: Mendoza Murillo Paúl , Mendoza Murillo Doris
Published: September 2020

El propósito de este artículo es hacer una revisión sobre el riesgo de transmisión y bioseguridad del SARS-Cov-2 por aerosoles producidos por instrumentos rotatorios, los cuales son una fuente de carga viral para los odontólogos potencialmente vulnerables a contagio. Según estudios realizados en la Universidad de Princeton, el coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 es detectable en aerosoles hasta por tres horas, y durante este tiempo los odontólogos podrían estar expuestos directamente a la inhalación de partículas virales en aerosoles, especialmente cuando los pacientes están en el período de incubación y son asintomáticos. La OMS afirma que la transmisión por el aire se produce cuando hay una presencia de microbios dentro de los núcleos de las gotas de Flügge, las cuales pueden permanecer en el aire durante largos períodos de tiempo y transmitirse a distancias superiores a un metro, lo que se conoce como partículas en suspensión o aerosoles. Su naturaleza puede predisponer la transmisión del SARS-CoV-2, de ahí la importancia de conocer las características del riesgo de transmisión y recomendar medidas de prevención y control a fin de bloquear la probabilidad de contagiarse.
Distanciamiento social y aprendizaje remoto
Authors: Romero Violeta , Palacios José , García Segundo , Coayla Edelina , Campos Rosalvina , Salazar Carmen
Published: September 2020

La investigación se propone despertar el interés de la comunidad académica sobre los efectos de la pandemia del COVID-19 en la educación universitaria del país a través del análisis del aislamiento social y el trabajo remoto. La educación universitaria enfrenta un nuevo escenario: sobrevivir a la pandemia o someterse a ella y el aprendizaje remoto se convierte en una nueva estrategia para que nuestros estudiantes continúen con su formación profesional. La UNESCO señala que según sus cálculos son más de 1,500 millones de alumnos en el mundo, y en el caso del Perú cerca de 10 millones, confinados en sus hogares a causa de la pandemia. Los resultados muestran que los docentes universitarios no se encuentran familiarizados con el trabajo remoto ni los entornos virtuales de aprendizaje. Finalmente, se concluye que el docente universitario tiene la posibilidad de convertir la amenaza sanitaria del COVID-19 en una oportunidad educativa mediante la interacción remota, pese al aislamiento social, las limitaciones tecnológicas y falta de capacitación en el manejo de herramientas digitales. El éxito estará en la estrategia pedagógica que se utilice a través de los entornos virtuales, y en la voluntad de aprendizaje autónomo del estudiante.
Palabras clave: Aislamiento social, trabajo remoto, aprendizaje remoto, entornos virtuales de aprendizaje, plataforma educativa
Инициирование детонационных волн и воздействие на них волнами малой амплитуды
Authors: Гималтдинов Ильяс , Лепихин Сергей
Published: September 2020

На основе численного моделирования исследуется возможность возбуждения детонационных волн в пузырьковых жидкостях с воспламеняющейся газовой фазой волнами давления малой амплитуды. Рассмотрены случаи предварительного снижения начального давления среды в области воздействия внешнего импульса и воздействие на поверхность жидкости двумя последовательными волнами сжатия, каждая из которых по отдельности не способна инициировать детонационную волну. Изучено взаимодействие детонационной волны в пузырьковой жидкости с встречной волной давления. Показано, что детонационная волна проникает сквозь фронт встречной волны, при этом происходит резкое и существенное возрастание ее амплитуды.
Optimizing Thermal Behavior of Flat Plate Heat Exchanger Tube by Varying Geometrical Configuration
Authors: Singh Nitesh Kumar , Saxena N. V.
Published: September 2020

A plate fin heat exchanger is a type of heat exchanger design that uses plates and finned chambers to transfer heat between liquids. It is often classified as a compact heat exchanger to emphasize the relatively high ratio between the heat transfer surface and the volume. The main objective of the present work is to investigation of optimum design of plate fin tube heat exchanger using Computational fluid dynamic approach and maximizing thermal performance. There are total five designs of plate fin and tube heat exchanger are used in present work and CFD analysis have been performed in it to get maximum heat transfer. It has been observed from CFD analysis that the maximum heat transfer can be achieved from plate fin and tube heat exchanger with elliptical tube arrangement inclined at 30o with 23.22% more heat transfer capacity as compared to circular tube plate pin heat exchanger. So that it is recommended that if the plate fins and tube heat exchanger with inclined elliptical tube used in place of circular tube arrangement, batter heat transfer can be achieved.
Mine seismic prediction of tectonic faults by reflected waves using the method of location
Authors: Antsiferov A. V. , Glukhov A. A. , Antsiferov V. A.
Published: September 2020

The article presents the case-study of geological anomaly delineation by reflected waves in seismic logs of the common excitation point and the common receipt point using a dedicated software. The proposed data processing flow consists in consistent fulfillment of a sequence of stages. Sorting of seismic logs is followed by band and band-elimination filtering, selection of optimal filter passband and identification of interfering axes of phase synchronization of different-nature waves. The axes of phase synchronization of information-bearing waves are identified by the points of the first arrivals. By these points, ellipses are automatically drawn so that their focuses are at the excitation and receipt points while the value of doubled semi-axes is equal to the product of velocity and first arrival time of a wave. The criterion of reflecting boundaries is the distinctive approach or intersection of the ellipses in a local zone of a supposed reflecting boundary. The data processing algorithm allows revealing tectonic faults within a radius to 200 m around a roadhead. Reflecting boundaries at greater distances from roadheads are located on an estimation basis. The developed algorithm and software can be used by geophysical services and specialized geological exploration agencies for processing and analysis of seismic survey data when predicting structure of coal-and-rock masses.
Coal mining-disturbed land reclamation laws
Authors: Galanina T. V. , Baumgarten M. I. , Koroleva T. G.
Published: September 2020

Large-scale mining disturbs wide areas of land. The development program for the mining industry, with an expected considerable increase in production output, aggravates the problem with even vaster territories exposed to the adverse anthropogenic impact. Recovery of mining-induced ecosystems in the mineral-extracting regions becomes the top priority objective. There are many restoration mechanisms, and they should be used in integration and be highly technologically intensive as the environmental impact is many-sided. This involves pollution of water, generation of much waste and soil disturbance which is the most typical of open pit mining. Scale disturbance of land, withdrawal of farming land, land pollution and littering are critical problems to the solved in the first place. One of the way outs is highquality reclamation. This article reviews the effective rules and regulations on reclamation. The mechanism is proposed for the legal control of disturbed land reclamation on a regional and federal level. Highly technologically intensive recovery of mining-induced landscape will be backed up by the natural environment restoration strategy proposed in the Disturbed Land Reclamation Concept.
Prospects of peat development in the Arctic and Subarctic zones of Russia
Authors: Zarovnyaev B. N. , Popov V. F. , Shubin G. V. , Budikina M. E. , Sokolova M. D.
Published: September 2020

The vital infrastructure of Russia’s Arctic and Subarctic, in view of severe nature and climate, consumes much energy sources, mostly, coal shipped from central Russia by water transport via the Northern Sea Route (2-3 thousand kilometers) in summer. This raises the cost 3-4 times. A good alternative to the imported fuel is local peat. The principal consumer of peat as a fuel can be the Verkhoyansk Region in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), which is the subject of research. This article describes the promising deposits of peat in this region, peat occurrence conditions and possible production output. The scope of the discussion embraces the most popular methods of peat production: milling, hydraulic, dredging, scraper-elevator, cutting, milling-and-forming, shoveling, etc., with field curing and harvesting. However, because of high bogginess of the tundra zone, the listed methods of peat production are unusable. In this regard, the most promising approach is winter production of frozen peat with preliminary monitoring of the frozen thickness by ground penetrating radar. The earlier studies into the temperature conditions of the active soil layers, including peat beds, are presented. The chosen technology will ensure maximum preservation of landscape and ecological safety.
Determination of total and fine airborne dust in coals
Authors: Epshtein S. A. , Kossovich E. L. , Vishnevskaya E. P. , Agarkov K. V. , Koliukh A. V.
Published: September 2020

Issues on evaluation of coals ability to liberate airborne dust during transportation and transloading are nowadays relevantly current. In the current work, a new method was presented for evaluation of dust contents in coals. It is based on modeling of the processes of coals transloading and transportation. The essence is to stir coals sample of size <3mm at a constant rotation rate with a simultaneous passing a fixed volume of air through a filter system and determining the total airborne dust content and dust class sizes more or less than 10 microns. During the tests, a sample of commodity coal is used as a residue of a sieve analysis of the representative coal sample after the sieve of 3 mm. Experiments were held at two hard coals of the Kuznetsk coal basin differing in their metamorphism degree and petrographic composition. It was established that within the measurement error, the total amount of airborne dust able to be released during transloading for both the considered samples is comparable. On the other hand, the size classes distribution for dust particles over or less than 10 microns varies significantly and depends on the coals rank and petrographic composition. High inertinite contents determines, presumably, the increase of fine dust particles (less than 10 microns) in the total airborne dust released.
Finding velocity of roller-bit and rotary-percussive drilling using the energy conservation law
Authors: Tyupin V. N.
Published: September 2020

Velocity of roller-bit and rotary-percussive drilling depends on many factors distributed in 4 groups in technical literature: rock properties, bit parameters, bit-rock interaction conditions and drilling modes. Literature sources present some very complex formulas which need finding empirical coefficients before determining drilling velocity, i.e. the formulas are difficult to use. Moreover, the formulas neglect jointing of rock masses. At the same time, mathematical relations connecting drilling velocity, drilling mode and drillability of jointed rocks will make it possible to rate drilling processes and adjust blasting parameters. These studies aim to determine velocity of roller-bit and rotary-percussive drilling using the energy conservation law. The used method of mathematical modeling allowed obtaining formulas for rock drilling velocity with regard to drilling modes, bit parameters, factor of rock hardness (strength) and rock mass jointing. The validity of the relations of the roller-bit and rotary-percussive drilling velocity is proved. The reliability of the drilling velocity formulas can be determined by means of investigations performed in open pit mines, with recording of all parameters and with mathematical processing of the data. The mathematical relations connecting drilling velocity, drilling modes, drill bit parameters and drillability of jointed rocks will enable rating of drilling and adjustment of blasting patterns.
Aerological risk management in designing, operation, closure and temporary shutdown of coal mines
Authors: Balovtsev S. V. , Skopintseva O. V. , Kolikov K. S.
Published: September 2020

The currentness of the development of a scientifically founded calculation and methodological framework for the assessment and management of aerological risks is governed by the required enhancement of high-intensity coal production, distortion of project design in the course of mining, low efficiency and unsafety of mine ventilation schemes and inefficient gas emission control. The information and analysis data support developed by this article authors enables decision-making on aerological risk management based on the air-and-gas control statistics on frequency and intensity of failures in determination of mine air parameters, mine air dust content, dust deposition in mine airways and predictive assessment of gas emission risk in development headings and stopes. The article presents the results of the aerological risk assessment by dust and gas criteria for different ventilation schemes. The results reveal unsafe ventilation schemes which can lead to accidents in extraction panels in specific geological conditions. In case of using unsafe ventilation schemes, it is required to introduce limitation in coal production output and to initiate gas emission control. The authors also describe the results on the aerological risk assessment in mining rockburst-hazardous and ignitable coal beds, as well as on the effect exerted by gas emission control on the predicted value of aerological risk. The research findings allow the aerological risk prediction in designing, operation, closure and temporary shutdown of coal mines, as well as in justification of aerological safety.
Mental Health for Lady Teachers of Government and Private Schools
Authors: Rathod Chirag R.  , Patel Priyanka D.
Published: September 2020

The present study related to mental health level of government and private school’s lady, teachers. Total 40 teachers were selected randomly from Bhavnagar district area’s School. In which 20 teacher’s (10 teacher’s 21 to 30 and 10 teacher’s 1 to 40 year) from government school’s teachers and also 20 teachers (10 teacher’s 21 to 30 and 10 teacher’s 31 to 40 year. ) From private school teachers.
Person of the Issue: Wilhelm Wundt (1832-1920)
Authors: Ankit P. Patel  , Mr. Ansh Mehta
Published: September 2020

Wilhelm Wundt was born August 16th 1832 in Germany.  He was a psychologist, physician, physiologist, professor, and philosopher. Many historians recognize him as the founding father of psychology, for he was the first to ever to titled as a psychologist. Actually, Wilhelm set psychology apart from philosophy and biology. In 1879, Wundt founded the first laboratory of psychological research at the University of Leipzig, located in Germany. This marked psychology as an individual field of mental studies.  His laboratory enabled him to explore the religious beliefs (conceptual aspect) , strange psychological behaviors, the practice of identification of mental disorders and finding damaged parts of the brain. While documenting his research, he learned that psychology was a separate science.
Sports for Positive Mental Health: A Comparative Study of Mental Health among Individual Athletes, Team Athletes And Non-Athletes
Authors: Dr. Milan P. Patel  , Mr. Ankur D. Chaudhari
Published: September 2020

Mental Health affects our ability to make the most of the opportunities that come our way and play a full part amongst our family, workplace, community and friends. It’s also closely linked with our physical health. Whether we call it well-being, emotional welfare or mental health, it’s key to living a fulfilling life.

The purpose of the study was to compare the Mental Health status among Individual Athletes, Team Athletes and Non-Athletes. Purposive sampling was done in which subjects for the present study were 148 male students of Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari studying various courses in the academic year 2013-14. The Mental Health Scale prepared by Dr .D .J.Bhatt and Ms. Geeta R. Geedawas used as a tool for the present study.

The scores arrived from 45 Individual Athletes, 51 Team Athletes and 52 Non-Athletes were compared by applying the ‘F’ test. The resultant value 7.566 was found significant at the predetermined confidence level of 0.5. Further, this study revealed significant difference between the mean score of Team Athlete & Non-Athlete, whereas there was no significant difference between the Individual Athlete & Team Athlete and that of Individual Athlete & Non-Athlete. Thus it was evident that Mental Health of Team Athlete was significantly better in comparison to Individual Athlete and Non-Athlete. This clearly shows that those who participate in team games have more chances to stay mentally fit as they involve themselves in preparing mentally for various team competitions. Mental Health is considered to be one of the important components of daily life style. This is certainly an important factor for all of us to live better and longer life. Thus, we all should daily participate in physical activity to stay physically and mentally fit.
An Analytical Study of Attitude toward Sexual Behavior among Graduate and Post-Graduate Student
Authors: Pancholi Haresh
Published: September 2020

In present investigation the man object was know the attitude of toward sexual behavior among graduate and post-graduate student. 2x2x2 by factorial design by the use for the data collection, the scale of Dr. yashvirsinh was translated and standardize and used total 240 was randomly and stratified collected from the science college and arts college in Bhavnagar university. Further they was stratified of the basic of graduate and post graduate  and male- female. The statistical analysis the ‘F’ test for use the conclusion showed that the different of attitude toward sexual behavior was from significant between graduate and post graduate student (F=183). The different of attitude toward sexual behavior was from significant between male and female student (F=22.99). The different of attitude toward sexual behavior was found not significant between science stream and arts stream(F=1.32). The different of attitude toward sexual behavior was significant between education level and sex (1281.00). The different of attitude between sexual behavior was from significant 00.5 level between sex and stream (F=5.43). The different of attitude toward sexual behavior was found not significant between education level and stream (F=1.96). The different of attitude toward sexual behavior was found not significant between education level, gender and stream (F=1.47).
Síndrome de Stiff-Person associada à poliendocrinopatia autoimune: um relato de caso
Authors: Cruvinel Laíza Emrich , Corrêa Cibele da Silveira , Lopes Daiane Cristine Silva , Teixeira Fílippe da Cruz Machado
Published: September 2020

Objetivo: Demonstrar uma associação de síndrome da pessoa-rígida (SPR) com diabetes mellitus tipo 1 e tireoidite de Hashimoto em uma paciente do sexo feminino diagnosticada aos 35 anos, que apresentou boa resposta terapêutica ao uso de benzodiazepínico e melhora significativa da sua qualidade de vida. Detalhamento do caso: A síndrome de stiff-person (SPS) ou é caracterizada por uma intensa rigidez axial e proximal de membros associados a espasmos. Há um componente autoimune marcante da doença caracterizado pela presença do anticorpo anti-GAD. O presente caso clínico demonstra uma associação de SPR com diabetes mellitus tipo 1 e tireoidite de Hashimoto em uma paciente do sexo feminino diagnosticada aos 35 anos, que apresentou boa resposta terapêutica ao uso de benzodiazepínico e melhora significativa da sua qualidade de vida. Apesar de se tratar de uma condição rara, é uma condição que merece ser investigada em pacientes com acometimento muscular e poliendocrinopatias para realização de diagnóstico e tratamentos adequados. Considerações finais: Apesar de se tratar de uma condição rara, é uma condição que merece ser investigada em pacientes com acometimento muscular e poliendocrinopatias para realização de diagnóstico e tratamentos adequados.
Perfil epidemiológico dos casos de tuberculose drogarresistente
Authors: Valença Ícaro Moraes de Oliveira , Lima Morgana Cristina Leôncio de , Dourado Cynthia Angélica Ramos de Oliveira , Andrade Maria Sandra , Falcão Ana Cristina Nóbrega Silva , Pereira Wânia Maria de Sá , Silva Isabelle Andrian Pereira da , Santana Alexandra Barros de , Moraes Andréa Alexandre Valença , Pinho Clarissa Mourão
Published: September 2020

Objetivo: Descrever o perfil epidemiológico de pacientes com tuberculose drogarresistente. Métodos: Trata-se de estudo descritivo, transversal, com abordagem quantitativa, o qual realizou-se por meio de notificações do Sistema de Informação de Tratamento Especiais de Tuberculose no período de 2014 a 2019.  Através da busca de 60 prontuários de pacientes notificados com resistência, os quais obtiveram o término dos seus respectivos tratamentos em um hospital de referência no tratamento de tuberculose drogarresistente do estado de Pernambuco. Resultados: A amostra compôs-se por 60 pacientes, com predominância do sexo masculino e com média de idade de 45,12 anos. Desse modo, observou-se que a prevalência dos multirresistentes, resolutos a rifampicina e a isoniazida, por seguinte, deu-se como cura ao fim do tratamento. Conclusão: Verifica-se a necessidade da adoção do Tratamento Diretamente Observado e o cuidado compartilhado com Atenção Primária à Saúde com vistas ao aumento da adesão. Além disso, faz necessário o aprimoramento da vigilância epidemiológica com objetivo de obter dados mais consistentes.
Fatores associados ao sobrepeso e obesidade infantil
Authors: Almeida Lourena de Melo , Formiga Walnara Arnaud Moura , Lima Rafael Ferreira , Silva Waleska Gualberto da , Silva Izabela Letícia de Andrade e , Silva Sabrina Bezerra da , Fernandes Íngrid Raquel Martins Gomes , Ramos Amanda de França , Viana Thiago Alves , Nóbrega Érika Maria Gomes de Araújo
Published: September 2020

Objetivo: O estudo teve como objetivo investigar a influência de fatores associados ao sobrepeso e obesidade infantil. Revisão Bibliográfica: Diante do levantamento de dados foi possível identificar que a taxa de sobrepeso e obesidade no período é um fator importante no impacto da saúde mundial, uma vez que nesse período são definidos os hábitos alimentares que servirão como norte para atitudes alimentares na fase adulta. Nessa fase que são construídas as escolhas alimentares e com isso a definição do estado nutricional do indivíduo adulto, com isso é crucial a prática de hábitos alimentares saudáveis afim de reduzir o número de doenças crônicas não-transmissíveis, sendo uma delas e a que mais necessita de atenção a obesidade. Os índices de obesidade no mundo são alarmantes e com isso caracteriza-se um problema de saúde pública, necessitando intervenção de políticas de saúde. Considerações finais: É evidente a importância da educação nutricional e alimentar nesse período da vida, pois a partir desses, atitudes alimentares saudáveis serão instaladas e maiores índices de adultos saudáveis.
A judicialização da saúde no acesso a medicamentos em uma cidade do interior de Minas Gerais
Authors: Sonoda Lucas Yuji , Hawerroth Maria da Graça Lepre , Maia Maria Ambrosina Cardoso
Published: September 2020

Objetivo: Analisar processos judiciais ativos de janeiro a junho de 2018 envolvendo acesso a medicamentos no Núcleo da Assistência Farmacêutica da Superintendência Regional de Passos-MG. Métodos: Estudo descritivo e documental, com a abordagem quantitativa sobre processos judiciais ativos da macrorregião de Passos no período de janeiro a junho de 2018. Os documentos foram analisados no Fórum da Comarca de Passos e Tribunal Regional Federal de Passos. Resultados: Foram analisados 139 processos judiciais que envolviam acesso a medicamentos, sendo constatados o Ministério Público e Defensoria pública como principais tipos de representações. O Estado de Minas Gerais foi o ente mais requerido para fornecimento de medicamentos. No total, identificou-se 265 itens correspondentes a 101 princípios ativos, e a rivaroxabana foi o fármaco mais demandado. 30,7% dos medicamentos demandados estão incorporados na Relação Nacional de Medicamentos Essenciais e 29,5% das prescrições médicas não estavam preenchidas corretamente. Conclusão: Os medicamentos representam grande parcela das demandas judiciais e aqueles com maior solicitação não estão incorporados em listas oficiais. Há necessidade de aprimoramento médico sobre o preenchimento de receitas e novas estratégias para lidar com a judicialização da saúde.
Topical Zinc May Augment Post-Operative Wound Healing, Including Following Mohs Micrographic Surgery: A Review of the Literature
Authors: Levin Nicole , Gray Taylor , Farsi Maheera , Dorton David , Miller Richard
Published: September 2020

Background: Zinc, an essential mineral, has been extensively studied in the field of dermatology for the treatment of a plethora of skin conditions. However, minimal literature exists regarding its use for the enhanced healing of wounds after surgery, including following Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS).Objective: Evaluate the available literature regarding the utilization of zinc for enhanced healing of post-surgical wounds in humans.Methods: A systematic review of studies evaluating the use of zinc for post-surgical management was conducted via an electronic literature search of the PubMed database. Clinical trials were searched using ClinicalTrails.gov.Results: Topical zinc formulations may decrease healing time and post-operative infection rates, including following MMS of the lower extremity.Limitations: Currently, there are a limited number of studies available on this topic, with lack of a standard comparable outcome measure.Conclusion: Topical zinc oxide may be a beneficial treatment option for post-surgical wound healing, including after MMS. Further studies are needed to better define the efficacy of zinc for post-operative wound healing and the optimal treatment regimen.