Formation of textural features of chronic inflammation of paranasal sinuses (experimental study)
Authors:   Saint Petersburg Scientific Research Institute of Ear, Throat, Nose and Speech,  Saint Petersburg, 190013, Russia, Zakharova G. P. , Shabalin V. V. ,   Saint Petersburg Scientific Research Institute of Ear, Throat, Nose and Speech,  Saint Petersburg, 190013, Russia, Krivopalov A. A. ,   Saint Petersburg Scientific Research Institute of Ear, Throat, Nose and Speech,  Saint Petersburg, 190013, Russia,   Mechnikov Northwestern State Medical University, Saint Petersburg, 191015, Russia, Ivanov N. I. ,   Saint Petersburg Scientific Research Institute of Ear, Throat, Nose and Speech,  Saint Petersburg, 190013, Russia
Published: June 2024

Relevance. Morphological examination of the solid phase of biological fluids for the purpose of diagnosing a pathological process is currently quite widely used in various fields of medicine. The current stage of development of the morphological study of human biological fluids is the use of new technology for computer statistical analysis of biological fluids at the stage of solid sediment. The technology is based on identifying structural markers of a pathological process in images of the solid phase of biological fluids. In previous studies based on the Mathematica 13 program (Wolfram Research), we discovered markers of disturbances in the structure of the solid phase of nasal secretions in chronic rhinosinusitis. A system of computer algorithms was created that revealed the main textural features of these structural markers in the pathology under study (entropy, fractal dimension, degree of homogeneity). In a previous study, we presented the statistical processing based on the use of a system of computer algorithms served as the basis for automated analysis of the solid phase of biological fluids for diagnosing the pathological process. However, to date, the process of formation of structures characteristic of normal and pathological conditions during dehydration of biological fluid has not been sufficiently studied. In this regard, conducting an experimental study of the process of formation of textural signs of chronic rhinosinusitis for the scientific substantiation of their diagnostic use in practical otorhinolaryngology is currently of undoubted relevance. Objective. To assess the dynamics of the formation of textural signs of chronic rhinosinusitis during dehydration of nasal secretions. Materials and methods. An experimental study was conducted on the dynamics of the formation of textural signs of chronic rhinosinusitis in the process of dehydration of the secretion of the nasal mucosa in 60 patients with this disease through a comparative morphological assessment of raster images of textures. Experimental, biophysical, statistical methods, conversion of liquids into the solid phase (wedge-shaped dehydration), video microscopy, and computer mathematical analysis of images were used. Results. The experimental studies made it possible to quantify the dynamics of the formation of textural features of the inflammatory process in the paranasal sinuses (entropy, fractal dimension, degree of homogeneity) during the systemic self-organization of nasal secretions using the wedge-shaped dehydration method in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis. Conclusion. The presented data indicate that the textural features obtained during statistical processing (entropy, fractal dimension, degree of homogeneity) represent objective characteristics of structural markers of the solid phase formed during dehydration of nasal secretions in chronic rhinosinusitis, which justifies the use of statistical analysis of textures of the solid phase of biological fluids in automated mode for diagnosing chronic rhinosinusitis in clinical otorhinolaryngological practice.