bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Traducerea și difuzarea Cărții Sfântului Simeon Soluneanul în cultura românească veche (manuscrise și tipărituri)
Authors:   Institutul de Lingvistică al Academiei Române „Iorgu Iordan - Al. Rosetti”, Mutalâp Daniar
Published: January 2025

The study focuses on the Romanian manuscripts that contain the works of St. Symeon of Thessalonica (c. 1381-1429), touching problems such as the translation, the diffusion (autonomous or fragmentary) and the publication of this oeuvre. Thus, Adversus haeresus was translated from Greek to Romanian, only once, using the edition printed in Iași in 1688. The translation is preserved in Rom MS Library of the Romanian Academy (BAR) No. 2099 which was copied in the Diocese of Râmnic (Wallachia, Vâlcea county) in 1736. In 1765, Adversus haeresus was printed under the title Dialogue of Questions and Answers in Christ in Bucharest (CRV 344). The preface stated that the translator of the volume was Chesarie, future bishop of Râmnic (1773-1780). In fact, the textual analysis revealed that young Chesarie used the translation from c. 1736 and revised and modified it according to the Greek text. The translator of the Symeonian corpus remains unknown, most probably an erudite clergyman from Râmnic, most likely Damaschin (1708-1725). The oldest Romanian manuscripts preserving the entire work of St. Symeon were produced in Wallachia (Vâlcea county), in the Diocese of Râmnic/ Bistrița Monastery: BAR 2099 (1736), BAR 2594 (1737) and BAR 2579 (1744). However, the volume printed in 1765 had the widest diffusion. It was partially copied in 20 Romanian miscellanies: 4 in Wallachia (one of them in Gorj), one in an area of dialectal transition, one in the South-East of Transylvania and 9 in Moldova. Most of them reflect a thematic selection of questions or chapters from Adversus haeresus. For instance, one (group of chapters 294-297) is centred on the Jesus Prayer and its selection occured due to the influence of the original writings of staretz Basil of Poiana Mărului (1692-1767) and staretz Paisius Velichkovsky (1722-1794), in which St. Symeon is quoted using the same four chapters.
NAUFRAGIUL „MEDUZEI” RELATAT ÎN „FOIA DUMINECII” (1837)
Authors: CONSTANTIN Marian
Published: January 2025

The wreck of the Meduza fragate, on the 2nd of July 1816, turned into a notorious maritime tragedy of the 19th century, perhaps comparable to the sinking of the Titanic in 1912 by its resonance over time.The incident took place in a context in which the restored French monarchy initiated the recovery of its colonial territories in Africa (the Senegal) lost during the Napoleonian war. Hugues Duroy de Chaumareys, an arogant and incompetent commander, ignored the sound advice of top navigators and became responsible for the wreck of the Meduza- the commanding ship of the fleet- and caused the death of 150 passengers of the fregate, while only 10 managed to survive.
The 1816 wreck echoed beyond the French media of the time, it rather became the resource for a wide production of literature and the starting point for the pioneeering work of art of French Romanticism, the Raft of the Medusa by painter Théodor Géricault.
Under the title „The Breaking of the Meduza Ship”, the shipwreck was first covered in the Romanian newspapers by the Brașov weekly newspaper „Foaia duminecii: spre înmulțirea ceii de obște folositoare cunoștințe, alcătuită de o soțietate a celor învățați”, February 13th 1837 issue, also printing a reproduction of Théodor Géricault’s painting of the front page.
GEORGE DEMETRESCU MIREA - UN CLASIC LA RĂSCRUCE DE VEACURI. GRAFICĂ DIN CABINETUL DE STAMPE AL BIBLIOTECII ACADEMIEI ROMÂNE
Authors:   Institutul de Istoria Artei „George Oprescu”, BARBU Virginia
Published: January 2025

Personnalité distinguée de la peinture roumaine à la fin du dix-neuvième siècle, G. D. Mirea est l’auteur des vastes compositions historiques et allégoriques, décorations pariétales et, sourtout, des portraites de la grande société. Élève de Theodor Aman, il continuera sa éducation académique à Paris, dans les ateliers des peintres prestigieux: Henri Lehmann, ancien disciple d’Ingres, et Carolus Duran, portraitiste à la mode. Mirea s’impose au Salon parisien de l’année 1883 et, après son retour à Bucarest, il devient l’un des plus célèbres portraitistes officiels, professeur à l’École des beaux-arts et, dès 1899, directeur pendant trente ans. Les mouvements artistiques de la modernité au debut du vingtième siècle ont occulté sa réussite, peut-être trop tôt enfoncé dans son classicisme par l’admiration des contemporains. L’injuste oubli se perpétua dans l’historiographie de l‘art après le changement du régime, en 1948, quand le monde aristocratique de la peinture de Mirea, caractéristique pour le temps du Royaume de la Roumanie, devint sujet tabou.
L’article présente l’activité du peintre Mirea par une incursion dans l’historiographie de l’art de son époque, en essayant d’ établir, au fil de la chronologie, le stade actuel de la recherche, reflétant les monographies signés de N. Petrascu, Dragomirescu et Frunzetti, dans les années quarantes, et l’article de Theodor Enescu de 1969. À partir des oeuvres graphiques conservés dans les collections du Cabinet des estampes de la Bibliothèque de l'Académie Roumaine, représentatives pour la création de la jeunesse du G. D. Mirea (1870-1884), l’article commente certains portraits et autoportraits inédits, dans une investigation ouverte, point de depart pour une prochaine étude monographique sur l’artiste.
ROMÂNII ȘI BALCANII, PRIN OCHII FRAȚILOR BUXTON (1914)
Authors:   Institutul Studii Sud-Est Europene al Academiei Române, CAIN Daniel
Published: January 2025

As founders of the influential Balkan Committee in London, brothers Noel and Charles Buxton travel through the Balkans in the fall of 1914 on an unofficial diplomatic mission. They arrive in Bucharest in the last days of Carol I's reign, who receives them in audience just hours before his death. A few days later, the two fall victim to an assassination attempt in front of the Royal Palace during the funeral of Carol I. We will try to reconstruct the atmosphere of those days and the impressions of the Buxton brothers' interaction with Romanian society.
Formula călinesciană a parabolei – Șun sau calea neturburată. Mit mongol
Authors:   Universitatea „Dunărea de Jos”, Galați, Antofi Simona
Published: January 2025

In the play entitled Șun sau calea neturburată. Mit mongol/ Shun or the Undisturbed Path.A Mongolian Myth, the formula of the literary parable points out not only the mechanisms of reloading the specific semantic structures of parable itself – starting from the author’s own reflections on the impact of an enlightened or philosopher prince on people’s destiny –, it also generates a unique mirror effect on the other writings of the literary critic. Our approach proposes a critical evaluation of these aspects so as to define a viable innovative re-reading perspective on a text placed in the shadow of some more critically valued writings created by G. Călinescu.
De la hârtie la ecran: provocările în utilizarea intrărilor de dicționar de date pentru dezvoltarea instrumentului lemi de stabilire a lizibilității literaturii române
Authors:   Centrul de Cercetare CODHUS, Departamentul de Limbi și Literaturi Străine, Universitatea de Vest din Timișoara, România, Chitez Mădălina , Rogobete Roxana ,   Centrul de Cercetare CODHUS, Departamentul de Studii Românești, Universitatea de Vest din Timișoara, România, Csürös Karla ,   Centrul de Cercetare CODHUS, Departamentul de Limbi și Literaturi Străine, Universitatea de Vest din Timișoara, România
Published: January 2025

This paper addresses an interdisciplinary linguistic theme, located at the inter¬section between the fields of applied linguistics, computational linguistics and education: the use of Romanian dictionary data of archaisms, regionalism and main vocabulary for the cre¬ation of a digital tool for establishing the legibility of texts in Romanian for school reading. As many of the texts offered for reading to the Romanian school population are Romanian literature texts, this tool can be used to evaluate the legibility of Romanian literature texts in general. By legibility, we refer to the concept of readability, taken from English literature, which refers to the ease with which a text can be read and understood by readers. This con¬cept incorporates factors such as vocabulary complexity, sentence structure, basic vocabulary level, and a host of other variables that can be quantified and analyzed automatically. Most of the time, the legibility of a text is given by mathematical formulas that include various indices that quantify elements such as the length of words, the complexity of phrases, and the frequency of use of certain terms. The purpose of the readability assessment is to determine whether a text is appropriate for the level of knowledge and language skills of its readers. For the Romanian language, but also for the special case of school literature texts, such formulas have not yet been tested. In the sections below, we will provide details about the LEMI plat¬form, but also about the construction of the readability formula, insisting on the challenges created by the lack of data in digital format – dictionaries of regionalisms, archaisms, and also basic vocabulary – in order to improve the formula originally created.
Relevanța criticii literare în epoca digitalizării
Authors:   Facultatea de Litere, Universitatea din București, Bulboacă-Trif Andrei
Published: January 2025

In the age of continuous digitization, literary criticism is evolving, but at the same time at a standstill. This paper aims to answer a question that may arise in the minds of many literary critics, and, why not, also of students or teachers: is criticism still relevant today in an age of advanced technology? Does anyone still have the patience and openness to go through it? The speed and volume of information can very easily undermine the rigor of critical, serious analysis, because the public can more easily get their information from social networks. When we want to buy or read other people’s opinions about a book, do we focus our attention on online reviewers, „booktubers” or „booktokers”, or do we read relevant reviews? If we observe carefully, we will see that on many covers of books released in bookstores appear small phrases from literary chronicles, published in various publications, both literary and not only. Unfortunately, in the Romanian area, such an analysis happens quite rarely, or if it takes place, the criticism is in a kind of bubble of its own, without opening up to ordinary readers. So, in the age of the internet and social media, how could we bring literary criticism closer to new audiences, and how could we make it more relevant?
Călinescu romancier. Enigma Otiliei între romanul balzacian și ambiguitatea secolului al XX-lea
Authors:   Institutul de Istorie și Teorie Literară „G. Călinescu”, Oancea Maria Ioana
Published: January 2025

G. Călinescu highlighted the absence of a major balzacian novel in Romanian literature and set out to fill this gap himself. Enigma Otiliei, has become one of the most frequently cited examples of the genre in Romanian literature.
While many key balzacian elements are present, however, the novel often strays from its
professed model. This paper examines the complex ways in which Călinescu’s novel both adheres to and deviates from the balzacian tradition. Modern themes, sensibilities, and literary
techniques permeate Călinescu’s work. Critics have noted the presence of humor and
the predominance of scenes over summary, action, or plot. The most significant deviation
from the balzacian novel, however, lies in the complexity of Călinescu’s main characters,
and, consequently, in relationships that are much harder to define. Contrary to secondary
characters that conform to balzacian types, Felix and Pascalopol transcend their suggested
social categories, be it through their fraught and contradictory relationship itself – a complex
interplay of jealousy and affection. The study also addresses the challenge of integrating the
intellectual into social categories and into balzacian types.
Otilia is said to be an enigma, but, as the author states himself, she is an enigma for Felix,
and for Pascalopol incidentally. Another focus of this paper is the influence of the reflector
character in instilling ambiguity within the narrative, a feature more characteristic of
20th-century literature than the balzacian tradition.
Polemici estetice și revizuirea literaturii române în perioada 1948–1953: ideologie, tipic și frumos la G. Călinescu
Authors:   Institutul de Istorie și Teorie Literară „G. Călinescu”, Deutsch Cristina
Published: January 2025

In a context defined by intense aesthetic debates and efforts to revise the literary canon, Romanian literature during the early years of the communist regime (1948–1953) was deeply affected by the ideological constraints imposed by the new state policies. Within this framework, G. Călinescu, a prominent literary critic and theorist, became a focal point of analysis and reinterpretation in the cultural press of the time. Often coerced by external pres sures, Călinescu was drawn into polemics regarding his aesthetic ideas and his position as a literary critic inside the new literary canon. Initially rooted in relatively minor controversies, these debates escalated into direct attacks, targeting his perceived “anti-progressivism,” his understanding of “literary typification”, and his approach to the concept of “artistic beauty.” Key figures in the literary field of those years, such as Vicu Mîndra, Ion Bălănescu, Ion Mi-hăileanu, and Ion Vitner, through publications like „Flacăra” and „Contemporanul”, mounted significant critiques against him. These interventions highlight the complex interplay be¬tween literary criticism and the cultural policies of the communist regime. The regime’s ideology, rooted in socialist realism, sought to challenge G. Călinescu’s approach to literary theory and aesthetics, which had previously been considered universally valid. His views, known for their analytical depth and unconventional perspectives on Romanian literature, were reinterpreted through an ideological lens. This process revealed elements considered subversive under the communist doctrine, alongside instances presented as scientifically flawed. Despite attempts to marginalize or even eliminate G. Călinescu as an authoritative voice in Romanian literary criticism, these efforts ultimately resulted not in his exclusion from the cultural discourse but rather in the reinterpretation and adaptation of his aesthetic principles. Călinescu strategically employed an “ideological veneer” to preserve the core of his aesthetic thought, a tactic that can be found and analyzed in his contributions to the Ro¬manian periodicals of this moment.
O contextualizare politico-literară a traducerilor lui Titu Maiorescu
Authors:   Universitatea din Craiova, Facultatea de Litere, Nedelea Gabriel
Published: January 2025

The text discusses the critical system of Titu Maiorescu, emphasizing the need to reinterpret his work by examining both its concrete and virtual effects, as well as its poten¬tial for contemporary relevance. It specifically focuses on Maiorescu’s literary translations from the 1880s and 1890s, suggesting that these translations were influenced by political and diplomatic considerations. The analysis posits that translation served as a form of soft power, enabling Maiorescu to foster connections with international figures and the Romanian royal family. This approach underscores the complexity of Maiorescu’s views on literature, which extend beyond the traditional literary studies focus on aesthetic autonomy. The exe¬ gete omitted this aspect of the work, discussing only the translations of Arthur Schopenhau¬er. The practice of translation played an important role both in the attempt to promote the new Maiorescu direction internationally, through Carmen Sylva and Mite Kremnitz, and in strengthening diplomatic relations with personalities such as Eduard Grisebach, the Prussian consul in Bucharest in the early 1880s.
Între „descriptio” și „naratio” sau despre constituenții determinanți ai structurii textelor lui Calistrat Hogaș, Ion Creangă și Barbu Ștefănescu Delavrancea
Authors:   Universitatea „Lucian Blaga” din Sibiu, Ursuț Dorin Sergiu
Published: January 2025

The article titled Between “Descriptio” and “Narratio” or on the Determinant Constituents of the Structure of the Works of Calistrat Hogaș, Ion Creangă and Barbu Ște¬fănescu Delavrancea explores in detail the relationship between description („descriptio”) and narration („narratio”) in Romanian prose, focusing on the works of Calistrat Hogaș, Ion Creangă and Barbu Ștefănescu Delavrancea. Although description has been tradition¬ally considered secondary to narration, with a vaguer role and often seen as a „pause” in the storyline, it remains a crucial constituent of the literary text’s structure. In the prose of Calistrat Hogaș, Ion Creangă and Barbu Ștefănescu Delavrancea, description plays a central role, being rich in technical vocabulary, proper names, metaphors, synecdoches, and other rhetorical figures. Descriptions become veritable „lists” of details, contributing to the crea¬tion of a specific rhythm. For example, Creangă’s descriptions, whether of peasant houses or natural landscapes, are filled with details and stylistic figures, creating a „reality effect” and deepening the reader’s engagement. Hogaș, on the other hand, uses description to create contrast between characters and their environment, while Delavrancea employs description in a rhythmic and intense way, creating a tense and uneasy atmosphere in his short stories.
Modelul „tranziție” și tranzitivitatea
Authors:   Facultatea de Litere, Universitatea din București, Soare Corina-Ionela
Published: January 2025

This study analyzes and compares the stylistic stages of George Bacovia’s poetry in relation to the perspectives that have influenced the reception of his work and the main trends in which his lyricism has been categorized. The analysis focuses on the evolution of the construction methods of poetic discourse, representations of the self, thematic cores, and how the influences of other poetics are reflected in Bacovian poetry. Despite the mutations and numerous reconfigurations it has undergone, Bacovia’s lyrical universe, with all its theses and antitheses, represents a cohesive whole. In his poetry, George Bacovia becomes a sort of homo faber: by adopting and juxtaposing traits from poetics that are often in opposition, the poet relativizes conventions, creating a unique formula of his own.
An Overview of the History of Serbian Literature (the History of Literature in The Function of the Development of Literary Criticism)
Authors:   Institute for Serbian Culture Priština-Leposavić, Mumović Ana
Published: January 2025

The paper starts from the crucial fact that the function of literary criticism in Serbian culture was initially performed by the history of literature as the foundational, old¬est, and main branch of literary science. An overview of the history of Serbian literature shows that it, valued at the time of its emergence, throughout its duration, and even today, represents the culmination or final products of critical thought synthesis. Therefore, it can be rightly asserted that both the significant national cultural project and the major synthesis of the history of Serbian criticism – The History of Serbian Literary Criticism by Predrag Pala¬vestra – emanate from the history of Serbian literature. In its theoretical, methodological, and critical principles, the paper represents a cross-section of ten histories of Serbian literature.
RECENT ADVANCES IN ECO-FRIENDLY SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF ZINC OXIDE NANOPARTICLEs FROM ECOLOGICAL SOURCES for BIOMEDICAL AND PHOTOVOLTAIC APPLICATIONS
Authors:   Laboratoire LPMCS, Département de Physique, Faculté Des Sciences, University of Lomé, 01BP1515 Lomé, Togo, ADEWI E.S. , SESIME K. ,   Laboratoire LPMCS, Département de Physique, Faculté Des Sciences, University of Lomé, 01BP1515 Lomé, Togo, HOUNSI A.D. ,   Laboratoire LPMCS, Département de Physique, Faculté Des Sciences, University of Lomé, 01BP1515 Lomé, Togo, AMEWOTEPE K.J.B. ,   Laboratoire LPMCS, Département de Physique, Faculté Des Sciences, University of Lomé, 01BP1515 Lomé, Togo, DONKATA K.A. ,   Laboratoire LPMCS, Département de Physique, Faculté Des Sciences, University of Lomé, 01BP1515 Lomé, Togo, DZAGLI M.M. ,   Laboratoire LPMCS, Département de Physique, Faculté Des Sciences, University of Lomé, 01BP1515 Lomé, Togo, Regional Centre of Excellence on Electricity Management (CERME), University of Lomé, Togo, MOHOU M.A. ,   Laboratoire LPMCS, Département de Physique, Faculté Des Sciences, University of Lomé, 01BP1515 Lomé, Togo
Published: January 2025

Studies have demonstrated the remarkable properties of nanoparticles and their many applications due to their size. While conventional synthesis of nanoparticles including physical and chemical methods has proven to be very expensive and sources of environmental pollution and potential health problems, harmless and eco-friendly nanoparticles were obtained by the green approach from biological materials and were used in many sectors of activities. Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) have been recently the subject of intense studies due to their innumerable advantages, among which the most remarkable are their wide band gap, high excitonic binding energy, biocompatibility, and stability. ZnONPs were used for the antimicrobial, antifungal, anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activities, the improvement of agriculture and food industry, and that of photovoltaic devices and storage. This review focuses on the green synthesis of ZnONPs from different biological materials, their characterization, and their potential applications. This review provides a better understanding of the biosynthesis, characterization techniques, and applications of ZnONPs in various sectors of activity.
ENHANCEMENT OF SOYBEAN (GLYCINE MAX VAR. JS-9560) GROWTH AND YIELD AFTER PRE-SOWING TREATMENT OF SEEDS USING NON-THERMAL PLASMA OF DIFFERENT GASES
Authors:   Department of Physics, ”Shri Vaishnav” Institute of Science, SVVV, Indore, India, VILIYA K. , SHARMA U. ,   Department of Physics, ”Shri Vaishnav” Institute of Science, SVVV, Indore, India, THAKUR MANISHA ,   Department of Life Science,”Shri Vaishnav” Institute of Science, SVVV Indore, India, GURUPRASAD K.N. ,   Department of Life Science,”Shri Vaishnav” Institute of Science, SVVV Indore, India, SHARMA JAYSHREE ,   ”Shri Vaishnav” Institute of Management, DAVV, Indore, India, RANE R. ,   Facilitation Centre for Industrial Plasma Technologies, IPR, India, SANYASI A. ,   Institute of Plasma Research, Gandhinagar, India, GHOSH J. ,   Institute of Plasma Research, Gandhinagar, India
Published: January 2025

Pre-sowing treatment of seeds with non-thermal plasma of different gases has been studied on the growth and yield of soybean (Glycine max var. JS-9560) under field conditions for two consecutive years (2022 and 2023). Five types of gases, N2, He, Ar, H2, and O2 were used to create plasma in a cylindrical vacuum container with an RF power supply. Soybean seeds were exposed to plasma for 15 seconds at 80 W. Growth measurements were taken at 30, 60, and 90 days after sowing the seeds. Plasma treatment improved germination, plant height, leaf area, and plant fresh weight at all the stages of the vegetative growth period. N2 and He plasma were most effective in promoting growth and biomass compared to Ar, O2, and H2. The yield parameters in terms of the number of pods, number of seeds, and 100 seed weight were improved to the extent of around 60 % by N2 and He plasma. Other gases (Ar, H2, and O2) were less beneficial in increasing the yield. Pre-sowing treatment of seeds with plasma especially with N2 and He would be highly beneficial for enhancing the yield of soybean at the field level. The characterization of soybean seeds was conducted using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and optical emission spectroscopy (OES). SEM analysis showed significant changes in nitrogen, helium, argon, oxygen, and hydrogen plasma treated seeds, indicating alterations on the surface of the starch caryopsis, resulting in large channels and pores. FTIR spectroscopy indicated modifications after exposure to plasma-treated seeds, suggesting surface activation due to lipid breakdown. OES detected OH, NO, O, and N2 radicals during plasma treatment, contributing to the optimal outcome.
Grammatical Changes in the Seventeenth-Century Romanian Translation of the Slavonic Akathistos Hymn
Authors:   Iorgu Iordan - Alexandru Rosetti Institute of Linguistics, Timotin Emanuela , Hâncu Mihail George ,   Institute for Eastern-European Studies, Nicula Paraschiv Irina ,   Iorgu Iordan - Alexandru Rosetti Institute of Linguistics/University of Bucharest
Published: January 2025

The present research is dedicated to the translation of the Akathistos Hymn conserved in Rom MS 1348 in the Library of the Romanian Academy in Bucharest. The text of the Akathistos Hymn is written on two parallel columns, with the Romanian version on the right side and its Slavonic equivalent on the left. This translation is placed in the larger tradition of the 17th-century Romanian versions of the Akathistos Hymn and is compared with the previous attempts from Bisericani Monastery in order to underline the grammatical choices that were made by the translator of MS 1348.
On the Role of (Re)labelling Strategies in the Diachrony of Complex Prepositions Denoting Axial Parts
Authors:   University of Bucharest, Cornilescu Alexandra
Published: January 2025

The paper is devoted to the description and the history of Genitive assigning prepositions, a puzzling class of lexical items (e.g. înaintea lui (before him/in front of him) , îndărătul casei (at the back of the house). Syntactically, they show a mixture of prepositional and nominal properties. Semantically, in construction with the Genitive complement, they may denote axial parts, i.e. regions or spaces projected from the Ground object denoted by the Genitive. In this respect, they behave like nouns which are specialized for expressing axial parts. The biggest puzzle is, however, raised by their internal structure, which incorporates several independent syntactic items under a single prepositional head. The diachronic analysis that we propose for the P înainte is an attempt to understand this internal structure.
On the theoretical side, we claim that the diachronic development of prepositions like înainte follows naturally from a (re)labelling strategy that assumes that when two constituents merge, it is the one that has a still unvalued feature which projects its label.
Notes on the Imperative in Old Romanian
Authors:   Transilvania University of Brașov/Iorgu Iordan - Alexandru Rosetti Institute of Linguistics, Gheorghe Mihaela
Published: January 2025

The paper analyzes imperative patterns with causal and purpose subordinates adjunct or included in coordinated series in some early Old Romanian texts—16th and early 17th century—to highlight how these extensions contribute to the realization of the directive speech act expressed by the imperative. The communicative situations in the texts that I analyzed here are not very varied. In religious texts, the speaker is often the psalmist and the addressee is usually God (or the enemy), in sermons and moralistic texts the speaker addresses the masses he is instructing, in popular novels the directive utterances usually appear in direct speech sequences, which do not actually reproduce dialogues but lines of a character, and in the few non-fictional texts they appear only in prescriptive sequences. Nevertheless, the analysis highlights some preferred syntactic means for expressing pragmatic values that will later evolve in modern Romanian.
Greek Syntactic Features in Dimitrie Cantemir’s Neo-Latin: The Determiner Phrase
Authors:   University of Bucharest, Șimon Cristian
Published: January 2025

. Neo-Latin syntax can be discussed in different terms depending on the author under consideration. The present research focuses mainly on the Latin of Dimitrie Cantemir, but also extends to the works of other humanists to highlight an ingenious way of constructing the determiner phrase by borrowing the definite article from Ancient Greek. Thus, our study explains, on the one hand, why late authors resort to a syntactic pattern that is foreign to Classical Latin, and, on the other hand, presents the detailed structure of these constructions and how they fit into the sentence.
The Allophones of the Phoneme /i/ in Romanian Diphthongs and Triphthongs. An Experimental Phonetics Study
Authors:   University of Bucharest, Nicolaie Larisa Florentina
Published: January 2025

This paper represents an acoustic analysis of the phonological variants that the phoneme /i/ has in diphthongs and triphthongs of standard Romanian such as: ascending diphthongs: [ja], [je], [jo], [ju], descending diphthongs: [ai̯], [ɨi̯], [əi̯], [ei̯], [oi̯], [ui̯], triphthongs in which the phoneme /i/ is in initial position: [jo̯a], [jau̯], [jeu̯], [jou̯], final position: [e̯ai̯], [wai̯], [wəi̯], or in both positions: [jai̯], [jei̯]. Different consonantal contexts were also chosen to identify the phonological properties.
A Preliminary Account of Inbreaths in Romanian Spontaneous Speech
Authors:   Iorgu Iordan - Alexandru Rosetti Institute of Linguistics, Niculescu Oana
Published: January 2025

Human speech is a blend between verbal and non-verbal vocalisations (NVVs). Based on previous studies pertaining to different research fields, this article focuses on breath intakes occurring in spontaneous speech. Classified as NVVs, alongside other phenomena such as vegetative sounds, affect bursts, onomatopoeia, filler particles and melodic utterances, inbreaths perform multiple and often cumulative roles in the discourse. Moreover, the interplay between speech planning and breathing control has been extensively researched in numerous studies. Analyses of NVVs in human speech have the potential of bridging the gap between various research domains, ranging from psycholinguistics and clinical linguistics to discourse management and speech planning, forensic voice comparison, as well as language processing. While the topic remains relatively unexplored in Romanian linguistics, our current study aims to broaden our understanding of the distribution and acoustic correlates of inbreaths in monologue speech.
Genitive Objects and Syntactic Categories
Authors:   Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Kagan Olga
Published: January 2025

This paper investigates the functional structure of genitive objects in Russian. While all types of genitive objects have been claimed in the literature to denote properties, the paper argues that they differ in terms of their syntactic “size”. Thus, nominals that appear in Genitive of Negation and Intensional Genitive (unified under the term Irrealis Genitive) can be full DPs. In contrast, objects that appear in Partitive Genitive are bare NPs that lack the DP, QP/NumP and even the Div(ider)P(hrase) projections. Finally, genitive case is assigned especially productively to objects of verbs that contain certain prefixes, such as the accumulative na-. This case, referred to in the paper as Prefixational Genitive, is similar to Partitive Genitive in that it cannot be assigned to DPs and QPs/NumPs; however, unlike Partitive Genitive, it can be assigned to DivPs. Thus, Russian genitive objects can be bare NPs, DivPs and full DPs.
Partitive Constructions Meet Gender Agreement: What Agreement Mismatches Can Tell Us about the Syntactic Structure of Partitives
Authors:   Universiteit van Amsterdam, WESTVEER Thom
Published: January 2025

The syntactic structure of partitives received considerable attention in the literature (Cardinaletti and Giusti, 2017; Falco and Zamparelli, 2019), but most studies focussed on quantified partitives (one of the students), ignoring superlative ones (the youngest of the students). Yet, quantified and superlative partitives turn out to differ in terms of the acceptability of gender mismatches (Sleeman and Ihsane 2016; Westveer 2021). The present contribution discusses what the data on agreement mismatches in French and German partitives can teach us about their syntactic structure. Building on an analysis I proposed in Westveer (2021), I argue that the agreement data suggest (i) a structural difference between quantified and superlative partitives, and (ii) a structural difference between French and German quantified partitives. The novel analysis will be shown to provide a straightforward account for the attested differences in acceptability of agreement mismatches, but also to resolve some outstanding issues faced by previous analyses.
Ne-cliticization as unaccusativity diagnostic in Catalan
Authors:   Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, MARTINEZ HERNANDEZ Claudia
Published: January 2025

This paper focuses on the syntactic behavior of partitive clitic ne in Catalan in relation with unaccusative and unergative verbs. While the clitic is prescriptively restricted to subjects of unaccusatives in Catalan, this study explores the possibility of the clitic serving as main argument of unergative verbs, as it has been noted in Italian. The research includes a thorough exploration of the Unaccusativity Hypothesis and the proposed diagnostics, then, through a series of experimental studies with native speakers, the production and acceptability of the clitic in different contexts are evaluated. The results reveal that a significant number of participants accept the use of ne with unergative verbs. The findings support the conclusion that the partitive’s distribution may be more flexible than assumed, complicating the rigid dichotomy proposed by the UH. In sum, traditional approaches to verb classification in Romance linguistics are challenged, paving the way to further research of the clitic cross-linguistically.
„Big Bangul” kantian de la „Sf. Sava” – moment de început al filosofiei românești moderne
Authors:   Universitatea Ecologică din București, Stroe Constantin
Published: January 2025

The study's author supports the idea – also promoted by Mircea Vulcănescu – that nearly all the philosophy professors at Sf. Sava, who formed the foundational nucleus for education and philosophy in the Romanian language (notably the founder Gheorghe Lazăr and his followers Eufrosin Poteca, August Treboniu Laurian, and Ion Zalomit), exhibited a strong interest in and admiration for Kant's philosophy, particularly his ethics. They found in Kant’s ethical ideas many useful principles for achieving their ideals of political, national, cultural, and social emancipation. Most of them embraced Kantian ethics, as they apparently disliked the speculative aspects of critical philosophy, which was widely discussed and often contested. Instead, they preferred Kant's moral philosophy for its sense of certainty, seeing it as better suited for educating the youth of the Principalities. They believed, and firmly advocated, that the country needed individuals of upright character more than scientists – a sentiment that remains relevant to this day.
Despre kantianismul lui Lucian Blaga și limitele trasate intelectului
Authors:   Institutul de Filosofie și Psihologie „C. Rădulescu-Motru al Academiei Române”, Șerban Henrieta
Published: January 2025

The study emphasizes that while Kantianism is evident in Lucian Blaga’s philosophy, it is notably transformed and integrated into an original philosophical framework. This analysis examines both the presence and the limitations of Kantianism in the work of this unique Romanian philosopher. By exploring the Kantian influences and constraints in Blaga's thought – particularly with regard to the Kantian boundaries imposed on intellect, as well as the Luciferian potential of intellect within Blaga’s philosophy – the study highlights a fascinating interplay of similarities and differences between the two philosophical systems.
Asupra conceptului de dogmă la Lucian Blaga
Authors:   Institutul de Filosofie și Psihologie „C. Rădulescu-Motru al Academiei Române”, Popa Mihai
Published: January 2025

The meaning Blaga assigns to dogma implies a logical impasse and a transcendent solution. The intellect is often confronted with choices that appear contradictory when it directs its efforts toward providing abstract meaning to ontological significances that exceed its sphere of applicability. In Blaga's view, dogma represents any intellectual formula that, in radical disagreement with understanding, posits a transcendence of logic, thereby coming into conflict with the usual functions of the intellect. Recognizing these crises, the intellect attempts to find methods to resolve the arising antinomies, but the problem cannot be solved with the intellect’s logical-abstract tools. A different type of logic, or another mode of ordering a reality that surpasses logically represented elements, is necessary. Our study examines how Blaga developed the concept of dogma in parallel with, and in relation to, the idea of transcendence.
Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: Is there a need for cardiac arrest centers?
Authors: Pešić Ivan , Kasap Ana , Crevar Đuro
Published: January 2025

Introduction:The large "Eureca One" study, which included emergency medical services from Serbia, found that the incidence of out-of-hospital cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in Europe ranges between 19.0 and 104.0 per 100,000 inhabitants. In Sombor, the incidence of initiated CPR was recorded at 74/100,000, while in 2018, the incidence of initiated resuscitation increased to 109.4/100,000. During the same period, return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) was achieved in 42.9% of patients, but only 3.3% of them were discharged from the hospital. The European Resuscitation Council (ERC) guidelines clearly recommend that all patients with ROSC and STEMI etiology undergo primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). It has been shown that patients who achieved ROSC and were transported to a healthcare facility capable of primary PCI had better chances of survival. The study proposes the formation of cardiac arrest centers (CAC) to improve survival rates, although currently, only major regional hospitals in Serbia meet the CAC criteria. The General Hospital in Sombor, which covers the West Bačka region, does not meet these criteria, primarily due to the lack of primary PCI capability. The authors believe that the already established STEMI networks in Serbia could also address the needs of patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). However, such centers, even though adequately equipped for diagnostics and therapy, would need further preparation in terms of personnel and space, given the multiorgan nature of OHCA patients. Case report: The study presents a case of OHCA that occurred at home. After achieving ROSC, the patient underwent an ECG, which diagnosed anterior septal STEMI. The patient was initially transported to the regional hospital, and the STEMI network was then activated, leading to the patient's transfer to the regional PCI center. Conclusion:The aim of this paper and the patient case presentation is to encourage discussion on the potential need for CAC formation and the establishment of clear procedures, similar to those in place for the STEMI network. This would allow direct transport to a CAC in clearly defined cases, bypassing regional centers that are not adequately equipped for managing OHCA patients.
The moral problem: A correction to the key thought
Authors: Jackson Frank
Published: January 2025

I argue that the three drugs example makes trouble for the role Smith gives to being fully rational in his solution to the moral problem, given his understanding of what it takes to be fully rational. I conclude by suggesting he might have drawn on a different understanding of what it takes to be fully rational.
Platitudes and opacity: Explaining philosophical uncertainty
Authors: Eriksson John , Francén Ragnar
Published: January 2025

In The Moral Problem, Smith defended an analysis of moral judgments based on a number of platitudes about morality. The platitudes are supposed to constitute conceptual constraints which an analysis of moral terms must capture "on pain of not being an analysis of moral terms at all". This paper discusses this philosophical methodology in light of the fact that the propositions identified as platitudes are not obvious truths-they are propositions we can be uncertain about. This, we argue, is a kind of fundamental philosophical uncertainty, and we develop an account of fundamental uncertainty (for both philosophical and other issues). The key to understand such uncertainty, on our view, is conceptual opacity-i.e., that the content and reference of concepts is not necessarily transparent to competent concept users. We argue that Smith's own view of conceptual analysis in TMP provides one plausible explanation of fundamental uncertainty. However, we also argue that another potential explanation is conceptual indeterminacy. If some fundamental philosophical uncertainties are best explained in this way, the implication is that there is no determinately correct analysis of the target terms and concepts.
Material and non-material motivation factors
Authors: Janjić Teodora , Micić Radmila
Published: January 2025

This paper presents the level of employee motivation at ABC Proizvod from Užice, as well as the structure of material and non-material motivation factors. The aim of the paper is to determine, based on the opinions of employees at the local company in Užice, whether material or non-material motivation factors are more important to them and to determine the degree of motivation present in the mentioned company. Using survey methods, descriptive statistics and Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, it has been concluded that employees are motivated to perform their work tasks and are satisfied with their jobs. In terms of material incentives, the company offers salary increases and additional bonuses, while non-material incentives include opportunities for growth and development, and a pleasant working atmosphere to a lesser extent. Among the motivational factors, the employees appreciate increase in salary the most.
Analysis of the tourist offer of the city of Zagreb: A tourist perspective
Authors: Alkier-Tomić Romina , Milojica Vedran , Vučenović Danijel
Published: January 2025

The paper emphasizes the importance of city tourism as a specific form of tourism with the modern tourist offer, and presents the attitudes of tourists who visited the city of Zagreb for their holiday. The authors analyzed the most current scientific findings on this topic, as well as the selected findings of the most recent study Attitudes and Expenditures of Tourists in Croatia TOMAS 2022/23. Results presenting their motives and preferred activities indicate the possibility of insufficient recognizability of elements of tourist offer by the tourists, which might have resulted in lower interest in trying certain activities. In terms of satisfaction, tourists are mostly satisfied with the elements of Zagreb tourist offer, however, it is necessary to improve the quality of the information provided about the destination, Internet access, and marketing activities. Based on the findings the authors discussed the developmental guidelines.
Key labor law aspects of work-related stress
Authors: Molović Marija
Published: January 2025

In the paper, the author addresses significant labor law aspects of work-related stress, categorized as a type of psychosocial risk. This risk is defined as a biopsychological reaction of employees to continuous exposure to pressure, unreasonably demanding or extensive tasks, or other work-related efforts. The primary research problem involves identifying the various causes and consequences of work-related stress and the implications of failing to recognize this psychosocial risk on employee health. Although work-related stress is neither directly regulated by domestic legal provisions nor classified as an illness, it can significantly harm employees' health in multiple ways. The paper examines the concept of work-related stress, its causes, consequences, and possible legal and other preventive measures. It also highlights positive examples from other legal systems regarding prevention and protection from workrelated stress. The study identifies shortcomings in the domestic legal system and presents de lege ferenda proposals of importance for future amendments to existing regulations and practices. The research aims to confirm the hypothesis that work-related stress remains unrecognized and unmitigated in practice due to the absence of adequate legislation, posing a risk to employees' health, safety, and overall well-being. The study employs normative, axiological, and comparative law methods, alongside a survey and in-depth interviews with employees and employers.
Risk stratification for acute stroke development after a transient ischemic attack and the use of scoring systems in pre-hospital scenarios
Authors: Janković Tamara , Đorđević Stefan
Published: January 2025

Introduction:Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA) is a temporary cerebral circulation disorder manifested by a neurological deficit that usually resolves within 60 minutes, as opposed to cerebrovascular insult, where the cerebral circulation disorder is permanent, and the neurological deficit doesn't resolve. The ABCD2 and Ottawa scores aim to predict the risk of cerebrovascular insult development after TIA. Objective: The objective of this paper is a retrospective analysis of the ABCD2 and the Ottawa score implementation on a patient with a positive history of TIA, the sensitivity analysis of the scores and stressing the importance of standardising their implementation in out-of-hospital scenarios. Case report: The Institute for Emergency Medicine in Belgrade received a call regarding a 68-yearold woman suspected of developing a cerebrovascular insult. We learned heteroanamnestically that the symptoms had been present for more than an hour and that she had similar complaints 4 days ago, but then the symptoms only lasted for about 15 minutes. By the time the Emergency Medical Team arrived, the symptoms had receded, and the patient refused to be taken to the hospital for further analysis. Upon examination, the patient was found to be disoriented and dysphasic, with left hemiparesis and ataxia. This time, the patient was taken to an appropriate hospital, where cerebrovascular insult was confirmed, and she was hospitalised. According to data from the medical report filled out four days earlier, the value of her ABCD2 score was 6, which represents an 11.7% risk of developing a stroke within the next 7 days. The Ottawa score value at the same time was 10 points, representing a 5.1% risk of developing a stroke within the next 7 days. Conclusion: Implementing ABCD2 and the Ottawa scores to predict the impending risk of cerebrovascular insult development in patients with transient ischemic attacks can be helpful. They aid emergency physicians in correctly recognising the early signs and symptoms, reaching a timely diagnosis, and preventing the development of cerebrovascular insult after TIA. This is crucial because for patients who receive adequate therapy, 80% of cerebrovascular insults after TIA can be prevented.