bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Real Governance of Disaster Risk Management in Peri-urban Senegal
Authors: Schaer Caroline , Hanonou Eric Komlavi
Published: February 2017

Disastrous and recurring floods have impacted West African urban centres over the last decade, accentuating already existing vulnerabilities in poor neighbourhoods. Climate change-induced changing weather patterns and more extreme weather events are only part of the explanation for this situation, as large segments of the urban population in West Africa are not offered the public services, infrastructure and protective regulations needed in order to respond to floods. Through an empirically grounded approach, the article shows that the ability to respond to floods is formed largely outside the realm of the state in a poor peri-urban municipality of Pikine, Dakar. The authors show how the organization of collective services pertaining to flood response and climate change adaptation is maintained through co-production among service users and providers entailing a mixture of diverse governance modes. The article concludes that weak state capacity is not equivalent to non-existent or ungoverned collective services linked to floods. While flood response service delivery through co-production may constitute the best available options in a context of poor resources, because of the negotiated character of public service delivery, it also creates an environment favourable for brokers to take ownership of central processes of service delivery and for structural inequalities to be reinforced locally.
Effects of micro-hole nozzle and ultra-high injection pressure on air entrainment, liquid penetration, flame lift-off and soot formation of diesel spray flame
Authors: Nishida Keiya , Zhu Jingyu , Leng Xianyin , He Zhixia
Published: February 2017

Increasing the injection pressure and downsizing the nozzle orifice diameter have been major measures for diesel engines to facilitate fuel–ambient gas mixture formation and combustion processes. The objective of this investigation is to carry out a quantitative analysis on the effects of micro-hole nozzle and ultra-high injection pressure on the mixing and combustion characteristics of diesel spray flame. Hence, laser-induced fluorescence and particle image velocimetry technique was employed to quantitatively access the gas entrainment of diesel spray emerging from nozzle with orifice diameter down to 80 µm under injection pressure up to 300 MPa, together with OH* chemiluminescence imaging and two-color pyrometry techniques to resolve the combustion and soot formation processes. Additionally, numerical simulation on the multi-phase flow inside injector nozzle was conducted to obtain information on internal flow dynamics. Experimental results show that over 80% of the ambient gas entrained into a spray plume is through the capturing effect at its tip, followed by the entraining effects at its peripheral boundary. Moreover, both a decrease in orifice diameter and an increase in injection pressure result in enhancement of the instantaneous gas to fuel mass flow rate ratio, shortening of liquid length of spray under evaporating conditions. The lift-off length of a diesel spray flame is substantially extended by the increase in injection pressure, and slightly shortened by the decrease in nozzle orifice diameter. Additionally, the numerically acquired velocity and turbulence data at the nozzle exit plane provide interpretation on the variations of liquid length and lift-off length under different injection conditions. Finally, the combination use of micro-holes and ultra-high injection pressure greatly accelerate the mixing of fuel and ambient gas, avoiding the interference of liquid length and lift-off length, and drastically decreasing the soot formation.
Analysing the significance of silence in qualitative interviewing: questioning and shifting power relations
Authors: Bengtsson Tea Torbenfeldt , Fynbo Lars
Published: February 2017

In this article we analyse the significance of silence in qualitative interviews with 36 individuals interviewed about high-risk, illegal activities. We describe how silence expresses a dynamic power relationship between interviewer and interviewee. In the analysis, we focus on two different types of silence: ‘silence of the interviewee’ and ‘silence of the interviewer’. We analyse how silence functions as an interviewee’s resistance against being categorized as ‘social deviant’, how an interviewer may use silence strategically, and how silence stemming from an interviewer’s perplexity constructs significant data. We conclude that silence constitutes possibilities for interviewees and interviewers to handle the complex power at play in qualitative interviewing either by maintaining or by losing control of the situation.
Sensor-driven, human-in-the-loop lighting control
Authors: Tan F , Caicedo D , Pandharipande A , Zuniga M
Published: February 2017

Smart indoor lighting systems use occupancy and light sensor data to adapt artificial lighting in accordance with changing occupancy and daylight conditions. Such systems can be designed to reduce lighting energy consumption significantly. However, these systems cannot account for individual user preferences at the workplace in real time. We propose a sensor-driven, human-in-the-loop lighting system that incorporates user feedback in addition to occupancy and light sensor inputs. In this system, luminaires transmit unique visible light communication identifier signals. By processing the image captured by a smartphone camera, a user obtains two pieces of information: visible light communication identifiers of luminaires in the vicinity and average image pixel value. A control algorithm is designed that incorporates these user inputs along with occupancy and light sensor inputs to determine the dimming levels of the luminaires to achieve illumination levels acceptable to users. We compare the performance of the proposed lighting control system with a sensor-driven lighting control system in an office test bed.
Managing Diversity Through Triple-Loop Learning
Authors: Kwon Chang-kyu , Nicolaides Aliki
Published: February 2017

The purpose of this article is to conceptualize the meaning and explore the potential for triple-loop learning in the context of diversity management. Three different paradigms of diversity management, namely, discrimination and fairness, access and legitimacy, and learning and effectiveness, will be explored. The authors argue that whereas single-loop learning can be applied during the transition from the discrimination and fairness paradigm to the access and legitimacy paradigm, double-loop learning is required when transforming from the access and legitimacy paradigm to the learning and effectiveness paradigm. The authors assert that triple-loop learning can produce transformation, in individual and organizational capacity for curiosity, compassion, and courage, which goes beyond the cognitive dimensions of double-loop learning. Finally, the authors discuss and suggest Collaborative Developmental Action Inquiry (CDAI), as a method that generates and sustains this existential shift for individual and organizational transformation through ongoing single-, double-, and triple-loop learning.
Fair energy-efficient virtual machine scheduling for Internet of Things applications in cloud environment
Authors: Xing Guowen , Xu Xiaolong , Xiang Haolong , Xue Shengjun , Ji Sai , Yang Jun
Published: February 2017

With the rapid resource requirements of Internet of Things applications, cloud computing technology is regarded as a promising paradigm for resource provision. To improve the efficiency and effectiveness of cloud services, it is essential to improve the resource fairness and achieve energy savings. However, it is still a challenge to schedule the virtual machines in an energy-efficient manner while taking into consideration the resource fairness. In view of this challenge, a fair energy-efficient virtual machine scheduling method for Internet of Things applications is designed in this article. Specifically, energy and fairness are analyzed in a formal way. Then, a virtual machine scheduling method is proposed to achieve the energy efficiency and further improve the resource fairness during the executions of Internet of Things applications. Finally, experimental evaluation demonstrates the validity of our proposed method.
A use case of an adaptive cognitive architecture for the operation of humanoid robots in real environments
Authors: Garcia Daniel Hernandez , Monje Concepcion , Balaguer Carlos
Published: February 2017

Future trends in robotics call for robots that can work, interact and collaborate with humans. Developing these kind of robots requires the development of intelligent behaviours. As a minimum standard for behaviours to be considered as intelligent, it is required at least to present the ability to learn skills, represent skill’s knowledge and adapt and generate new skills. In this work, a cognitive framework is proposed for learning and adapting models of robot skills knowledge. The proposed framework is meant to allow for an operator to teach and demonstrate the robot the motion of a task skill it must reproduce; to build a knowledge base of the learned skills knowledge allowing for its storage, classification and retrieval; to adapt and generate new models of a skill for compliance with the current task constraints. This framework has been implemented in the humanoid robot HOAP-3 and experimental results show the applicability of the approach.
Robotics research in Chile
Authors: Ruiz-del-Solar Javier , Vallejos Paul , Asenjo Rodrigo , Correa Mauricio , Parra-Tsunekawa Isao , Mascaro Mauricio
Published: February 2017

The development of research in robotics in a developing country is a challenging task. Factors such as low research funds, low trust from local companies and the government, and a small number of qualified researchers hinder the development of strong, local research groups. In this article, and as a case of study, we present our research group in robotics at the Advanced Mining Technology Center of the Universidad de Chile, and the way in which we have addressed these challenges. In 2008, we decided to focus our research efforts in mining, which is the main industry in Chile. We observed that this industry has needs in terms of safety, productivity, operational continuity, and environmental care. All these needs could be addressed with robotics and automation technology. In a first stage, we concentrate ourselves in building capabilities in field robotics, starting with the automation of a commercial vehicle. An important outcome of this project was the earn of the local mining industry confidence. Then, in a second stage started in 2012, we began working with the local mining industry in technological projects. In this article, we describe three of the technological projects that we have developed with industry support: (i) an autonomous vehicle for mining environments without global positioning system coverage; (ii) the inspection of the irrigation flow in heap leach piles using unmanned aerial vehicles and thermal cameras; and (iii) an enhanced vision system for vehicle teleoperation in adverse climatic conditions.
Nonlinear hybrid control design of three-joint dual finger robots
Authors: Chen Yung-Yue , Chang Tzu-Ching , Chen Yung Hsiang , Chen Qi-Xian
Published: February 2017

The difficulty of finger robot grasping control designs is the inevitable coupling in the dynamics of finger joints and finger tips because this dynamics coupling effect lets the overall motion of the finger robots to be constrained by the object states when they are controlled to manipulate an object’s postures. Besides, from the practical implementation point of view, a stable and easy-to-implement control structure is also an important task for this topic. For solving these two design issues, an optimal hybrid control design which combines feedback linearization and nonlinear H2 control concepts for grasping design of three-joint dual finger robots is investigated in this study. This investigation makes two main contributions to the finger robot grasping control design: (1) an effective and acceptable control performance for finger robot grasping control designs under the effect of dynamics coupling is delivered and (2) a really simple nonlinear optimal control scheme is obtained.
Naturalising the new cold war: The geopolitics of framing the Ukrainian conflict in four European newspapers
Authors: Ojala Markus , Pantti Mervi
Published: February 2017

The conflict in Ukraine has prompted analyses about the return of cold war divisions to Europe. This study focusses on the role the news media plays in the conflict by examining how the visual and textual practices of news framing help constitute geopolitical rationality and legitimise foreign policy. We analyse how the framing of the conflict in Die Welt, Dagens Nyheter, Helsingin Sanomat and The Guardian developed through four key events between February 2014 and February 2015. The analysis indicates that by promoting particular news frames the newspapers contributed to the legitimation of European Union policies, which are premised upon supporting the Ukrainian government in its military campaign in eastern Ukraine and placing responsibility for the conflict onto Russia. Hence, we argue that the news framing eventually contributed to the naturalisation of the ‘new cold war’ as a geopolitical rationality, orienting and legitimising foreign policy in Europe.
The pathway to the top: Key factors and influences in the development of Australian Olympic and World Championship Track and Field athletes
Authors: Huxley Dianne J , O’Connor Donna , Larkin Paul
Published: February 2017

Given the many benefits of international sporting success, understanding the development and long-term sustainability of an elite sporting career has become an important pursuit worldwide. Despite decades of research little is known about the development of elite senior Australian Track and Field athletes, therefore this study aimed to understand the major influences contributing to their development and success. A Track and Field Athlete Development questionnaire was used to collect data from 73 Olympic and World Championship level athletes. Analysis indicated athletes progressed to the elite level via six different pathways; however, the majority follows a linear pathway from junior to elite senior athlete. Further, results demonstrated the key influencing factors during development included later specialization, involvement in other sports during adolescence and strong social support. In addition, growing up in a major city and completing a University degree were also common features. Overall the study provides an insight into the development and success of Australian Track and Field athletes who competed at the Olympic Games or World Championships between 1956 and 2013.
Redesigning School Nursing Education in New Jersey to Address the Challenges and Opportunities of Population Health
Authors: Cogan Robin M. , Conway Sharon M. , Atkins Joy D.
Published: February 2017

School health is a specialty practice of nursing positioned at the intersection of public health and population health. This article discusses the redesign of a program’s curriculum with the hope of advancing and elevating the practice of school nursing. The redesign is based on NASN’s Framework for 21st Century School Nursing Practice and is the result of a New Jersey Nursing Initiative grant awarded to a trio of adjunct faculty from Rutgers University Camden in July 2016.
Let Them Breathe
Authors: Clifford Marilyn
Published: February 2017

Childhood asthma is caused by an interaction of genetic and modifiable environmental factors. Health inequities compound these environmental factors. As features of asthma are established during preschool years, these health inequities in urban children with asthma need to be addressed by preschool nurses.
LGBTQ Youth Part 1
Authors: Perron Tracy , Kartoz Connie , Himelfarb Chaya
Published: February 2017

In order to provide holistic care, school nurses must be culturally competent by being sensitive to health disparities experienced by students in at-risk populations. Despite the growing acceptance toward gender and sexual minorities, LGBTQ youth remain an at-risk population in our communities and our schools. School nurses as well as school counselors, social workers, and psychologists can increase their cultural competence in caring for this group of students by increasing their understanding of appropriate terminology and risks associated with this vulnerable group. This article is Part 1 of a two-article series designed to increase school nurses’ abilities to advocate and care for LGBTQ youth in school settings. This first article provides information regarding proper terminology and current percentages of youth who identify as LGBTQ and concludes with implications for school nurses, including resources for nurses, school staff, and families.
Decision Algorithms for the Retreatment with Viscosupplementation in Patients Suffering from Knee Osteoarthritis: Recommendations from the EUROpean VIScosupplementation COnsensus Group (EUROVISCO)
Authors: Raman Raghu , Henrotin Yves , Chevalier Xavier , Migliore Alberto , Jerosch Jörg , Montfort Jordi , Bard Hervé , Baron Dominique , Richette Pascal , Conrozier Thierry
Published: February 2017

Background

Viscosupplementation (VS) is a symptomatic treatment of knee osteoarthritis. Although systematic reviews of its repeat use showed favorable benefit/risk ratio, no study has focused on the indication of retreatment.

Methods

A task force was created to look at issues regarding retreatment with VS in knee osteoarthritis. An attempt was made to reach consensus on several issues: (1) to define treatment “success” and “failure,” (2) to determine when to retreat patients successfully treated by a previous VS, (3) to determine how to retreat patients in whom VS failed, (4) to define what to do in case of adverse reaction following previous VS, and (5) to examine the interests of soluble biomarkers to manage retreatment. After debate and review of literature the working group voted on 88 issues. Two “decision trees” were built based on the results of the votes.

Results

In case of failure, the authors draw attention to the need of a rigorous clinical and radiological analysis, and consider evidence-based medicine. When VS was previously successful, retreatment can be considered after recurrence or increase in pain. However, in subjects with high risk of disease progression, in young patients, and in professional sportsmen, retreatment could be considered systematically, because of the probability of hyaluronic acid to slow osteoarthritis progression. Evidence on soluble biomarkers was not considered as enough strong to support their use as decision tools for patient retreatment.

Conclusion

The decision algorithms are intended to facilitate consideration of the therapeutic options, in patients with knee osteoarthritis previously treated with VS.
Is surgery always indicated in rachitic coronal knee deformities? Our experience in 198 knees
Authors: Prakash Jatin , Mehtani Anil , Sud Alok , Reddy Baccha K
Published: February 2017

Introduction:

Defective mineralization of osteoid matrix prior to physeal closure causes rickets. Poor calcification of the cartilage matrix in the zone of provisional calcification causes flattened skull, rachitic rosary, bowed legs, coxa vara and brittle bones. The recent literature has seen an increase in the incidence of the disease in both developing and developed nations. We evaluated behaviour of lower limb deformities due to nutritional rickets in 117 patients.

Materials and methods:

A prospective study was conducted from January 2009 to December 2011 for clinical and radiological evaluation of knee deformities in nutritional rickets. A total of 117 patients with 198 coronal plane knee deformities between 2 years and 12 years age of rickets were enrolled in this study.

Results:

In our study, there were 65 genu varum and 133 genu valgum deformities. Seven genu varum (10.7%) and 37 genu valgum (28%) deformities were regarded as failure. Fifty eight genu varum got corrected completely obtaining an average of 5° of valgum in an average of 6.3 months. The average rate of spontaneous correction was 1.9° a month. Ninety six valgum got corrected obtaining an average of 4.7 valgum in an average of 13.3 months. The average rate of spontaneous correction was 0.92° a month.

Conclusion:

Most of the rachitic deformities get corrected with age. Genu varum is having better chances and a faster rate of correction as compared with genu valgum. Early surgery may be indicated in late presenting cases. We believe varum above 4 years and 18° of valgum above 9 years usually do not correct and may require surgical intervention.
The Anterolateral Ligament: An Anatomic Study on Sex-Based Differences
Authors: Daggett Matt , Helito Camilo , Cullen Matthew , Ockuly Andrew , Busch Kyle , Granite Joseph , Wright Barth , Sonnery-Cottet Bertrand
Published: February 2017

Background:

The anterolateral ligament (ALL) has been shown to have an important role in rotatory stability of the knee. While there is abundant research on sex-based differences related to anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture, there is a paucity of literature related to such differences in the ALL.

Purpose:

To define any sex-based differences in the ALL with regard to length, width, and thickness.

Study Design:

Descriptive laboratory study.

Methods:

The ALL was initially evaluated in 165 unpaired knees (92 males and 65 females after exclusion criteria applied). The length, width, and thickness of the ALL were measured using a digital caliper. Width and thickness were measured at the joint line just superior to the lateral meniscus. The Mann-Whitney test and Student t tests were used to compare measurements between males and females. The Pearson product-moment correlation was subsequently used to determine the correlation between height and weight and the statistically different morphometric variables.

Results:

The mean (±SD) thickness of the ALL in males was 2.09 ± 0.56 mm, almost twice as thick as females (1.05 ± 0.49 mm; P = 8.8 × 10−20). There was also a statistically significant difference in ALL length ( P = 3.8 × 10−7), but no significant difference was found for width. A moderate association was found between donor height and ALL thickness and length.

Conclusion:

The anatomic measurements of the ALL demonstrate a difference between sexes, and the ALL is significantly thicker in males than females.

Clinical Relevance:

As the role of the ALL in rotatory stability of the knee becomes better understood, the difference in the thickness of the ALL we have found between the sexes may be another factor why female athletes have an increased incidence of ACL rupture compared with males. This may also help explain why females have issues with knee laxity and rotatory instability.
Distinct contributions of complement factors to platelet activation and fibrin formation in venous thrombus development
Authors: Subramaniam Saravanan , Jurk Kerstin , Hobohm Lukas , Jäckel Sven , Saffarzadeh Mona , Schwierczek Kathrin , Wenzel Philip , Langer Florian , Reinhardt Christoph , Ruf Wolfram
Published: February 2017

Key Points

Myeloid cell TF-dependent venous thrombosis is under control of PDI and the complement cascade. C5 deficiency reduces fibrin formation and leukocyte PS exposure with normal platelet deposition in flow-restricted vessels.
Asc1, Hel2, and Slh1 couple translation arrest to nascent chain degradation
Authors: Sitron Cole S. , Park Joseph H. , Brandman Onn
Published: February 2017

Premature arrest of protein synthesis within the open reading frame elicits a protective response that degrades the incomplete nascent chain. In this response, arrested 80S ribosomes are split into their large and small subunits, allowing assembly of the ribosome quality control complex (RQC), which targets nascent chains for degradation. How the cell recognizes arrested nascent chains among the vast pool of actively translating polypeptides is poorly understood. We systematically examined translation arrest and modification of nascent chains in Saccharomyces cerevisiae to characterize the steps that couple arrest to RQC targeting. We focused our analysis on two poorly understood 80S ribosome-binding proteins previously implicated in the response to failed translation, Asc1 and Hel2, as well as a new component of the pathway, Slh1, that we identified here. We found that premature arrest at ribosome stalling sequences still occurred robustly in the absence of Asc1, Hel2, and Slh1. However, these three factors were required for the RQC to modify the nascent chain. We propose that Asc1, Hel2, and Slh1 target arresting ribosomes and that this targeting event is a precondition for the RQC to engage the incomplete nascent chain and facilitate its degradation.
Basic Approaches to Creation of the Program of Quality Assessment of Additional Education for Children
Authors: Ручко  , Ruchko L.
Published: February 2017

The article presents the results of the creation and approbation of assessing the quality of additional education of children of the Kostroma region. The author reveals the problems of assessing the quality of additional education and possible solutions. Of interest are the provisions allowing to form an integrated, open, aff ordable regional system of assessing the quality of supplementary education for children with virtual absence of standards in this area.
Assessment of the Level of Abstractness of Material Statement of in Natural Sciences School Textbooks
Authors: Майер  , Mayer Robert
Published: February 2017

The technique and results of an assessment of Abstractness of more than 20 modern school textbooks on biology, geography, physics and chemistry are

considered by method of pair comparisons. Thus it is assumed that didactic complexity of the textbook is mainly determined by the level of Abstractness

of the material stated in it and depends on: the variety and Abstractness of qualitative explanations, their isolation from everyday life (i); the complexity

of mathematical methods and models, variety of the solved quantitative problems (ii).

The levels of Abstractness of each textbook are determined, their distribution in two-dimensional space of attributes (i) and (ii) is studied. The received

results allow to range textbooks on their didactic complexity.
Formation of Scientific Outlook of School Students at Physics Lessons Through the Implicit Possibilities of the Subject
Authors: Пономарева  , Ponomareva A.
Published: February 2017

The article refl ects the notion of additional teaching resources on the school subject “Physics” as an implicit characteristic of the subject content of physics. Illustration of the minor nature of learning in the classroom for physics is an example of implicit possibilities of formation of outlook of the pupils in the study of school physics course. On the basis of the key tasks of physics teaching method through the process of building knowledge about the basic methods of physical cognition such as theory and experiment, scientifi c outlook of pupils. With the support of the inclusion of a complex psychological process of the formation of beliefs, attitudes, principles refl ected the fact that in the process of teaching physics in the formation of a scientifi c outlook aff ected by personal subjective attitude to the subject knowledge acquired. Possible ways of implementation of the formation of scientifi c outlook on employment in physics through the use of implicit methods, techniques, forms of learning are shown.
The Impact of Competition on “Make-or-Buy” Decisions: Evidence from the Spanish Local TV Industry
Authors: Gil Ricard , Ruzzier Christian A.
Published: February 2017

This paper empirically investigates whether changes in product market competition affect firm boundaries. Exploiting regulation-induced shocks to entry barriers and differences in regulation enforcement across cities to obtain exogenous variation in competition, we establish a negative causal effect of competition (through reduced entry barriers and a larger number of rival firms) on vertical integration in the setting of the Spanish local television industry between 1995 and 2002.

Data and the online appendix are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2016.2633 .

This paper was accepted by Bruno Cassiman, business strategy.
Optimal Price and Delay Differentiation in Large-Scale Queueing Systems
Authors: Maglaras Costis , Yao John , Zeevi Assaf
Published: February 2017

We study a multiserver queueing model of a revenue-maximizing firm providing a service to a market of heterogeneous price- and delay-sensitive customers with private individual preferences. The firm may offer a selection of service classes that are differentiated in prices and delays. Using a deterministic relaxation, which simplifies the problem by preserving the economic aspects of price-and-delay differentiation while ignoring queueing delays, we construct a solution to the fully stochastic problem that is incentive compatible and near optimal in systems with large capacity and market potential. Our approach provides several new insights for large-scale systems: (i) the deterministic analysis captures all pricing, differentiation, and delay characteristics of the stochastic solution that are nonnegligible at large scale; (ii) service differentiation is optimal when the less delay-sensitive market segment is sufficiently elastic; (iii) the use of “strategic delay” depends on system capacity and market heterogeneity—and it contributes significant delay when the system capacity is underutilized or when the firm offers three or more service classes; and (iv) connecting economic optimization to queueing theory, the revenue-optimized system has the premium class operating in a “quality-driven” regime and the lower-tier service classes operating with noticeable delays that arise either endogenously (“efficiency-driven” regime) or with the addition of strategic delay by the service provider.

This paper was accepted by Gérard Cachon, stochastic models and simulation.
Research Roundup
Authors: Cowan Helen
Published: February 2017

Helen Cowan presents a selection of recently published articles of interest to nurses working in cardiovascular nursing. The aim of this roundup is to provide a brief overview of the research papers selected. A full reference is provided for those who wish to take a look at the research in further detail
Heart failure self-management with the House of Care model
Authors: Harris Jonathan , Mayo Paula
Published: February 2017

Health-care models must evolve in order to deliver proactive care to the growing numbers of patients with long-term conditions. The House of Care model seeks to do this through championing person-centred care, thereby facilitating a person's self-management of their condition. Chronic heart failure is a long-term condition with poor quality-of-life outcomes, yet many self-management options are available to help a person live as well as possible. This article critically comments on the application of each element of the House of Care model in enabling the self-management of chronic heart failure. Specifically, it discusses the self-management skills of daily weight monitoring and subsequent titration by the patient of prescribed diuretic drugs. Barriers to the application of the House of Care model are noted, and recommendations made to ensure excellent person-centred delivery of health care is achieved.
Nursing patients with small anatomy undergoing TAVI
Authors: Nwosu Winifred Onyinyechi
Published: February 2017

Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) has quickly emerged as the alternative treatment option for the treatment and management of severe aortic stenosis worldwide ( National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE), 2012 ). TAVI procedures can be carried out via a number of access routes and are associated with various risks. However, patients with smaller body size and, therefore, smaller anatomy are at a higher risk of developing a post procedural risk ( Watanabe and Kouzuma, 2014 ). Nursing assessment and management of these groups of patients, both before and after their procedure, is a vital part of the nursing process ( Lilley et al, 2014 ). Patients with smaller anatomy are at a higher risk of post procedural complications post TAVI. Therefore, both cardiology and cardiac catheter lab nurses need to ensure that these patients are well assessed and managed, in order to promptly identify and manage any post procedural complications which may occur as a result of TAVI.
Reflections of Research
Authors: Tarkin Jason , Faherty Noel
Published: February 2017

The British Heart Foundation (BHF) annual image competition, Reflections of Research, provides a glimpse into the cutting-edge research that the BHF funds
Association of ATF4 Expression With Tissue Hypoxia and M2 Macrophage Infiltration in Infantile Hemangioma
Authors: Xia Hou-fu , Zhu Jun-yi , Wang Jing-nan , Ren Jian-gang , Cai Yu , Wang Feng-qin , Zhang Wei , Chen Gang , Zhao Yi-fang , Zhao Ji-hong
Published: February 2017

Accumulating studies have revealed the hypoxic condition and its crucial role in the distinctive progression of infantile hemangioma (IH), the most common benign tumor in infancy. Activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4), an important gene mediating cellular adaptation to various stress signals, could confer a survival advantage for tumor cells under hypoxia and regulate tumor progression. However, the potential role of ATF4 in IH was still unknown. In this study, the expression of hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-1α, ATF4, and macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) in 27 specimens of IH was measured by immunochemistry and double-labeling immunofluorescence, followed by the Spearman rank correlation test. Our results showed that the expression of HIF-1α, ATF4, and M-CSF was significantly upregulated in proliferating IH compared with involuting IH. Meanwhile, HIF-1α and ATF4, in parallel with ATF4 and M-CSF, exhibited positive correlation and synchronous expression. In addition, our in vitro studies demonstrated that hypoxia obviously upregulated the expression of HIF-1α, ATF4, and M-CSF in hemangioma stem cells. Most importantly, their expression was uniformly correlated with the percentage of M2-polarized macrophages in IH. All those results and established evidence indicated that hypoxia-induced ATF4 expression may promote progression of proliferating IH through M-CSF-induced M2-polarized macrophages infiltration.
The effect of brand, design, and price on intention to purchase mediated by quality perception at sport shoes X
Authors: Ruswanti Endang , Herlambang Benny , Januarko Moehammad Unggul
Published: February 2017

Product cues have been identified as a major factor and are used by customers when they evaluate a product before deciding to buy. Customers evaluate products based on the product manual cues; generally, they use the brand, design and price, and produce quality perception and ceases on purchase intentions. This process also occurs in the prospective buyer's sport shoes X that have the largest sales in Indonesia. Therefore, the researchers are interested to test whether there is a relationship between the product cues on the quality perception and purchase intention for sports footwear products. This research was done by using a survey for the data collection, by distributing the questionnaires to 161 respondents. The data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling with Lisrel analysis tool. The result showed that the product cues have an influence mediated by the quality perception on purchase intentions. This study suggests that the perception of quality is as a full mediating variable between products cues and purchase intention.
Growth strategy as a mediator of the relationship between entrepreneurial competencies and the performance of SMEs
Authors: Sarwoko Endi
Published: February 2017

Factors affecting the success of SMEs have been widely studied, but generally they only focus on the individual characteristics as a factor affecting the success of SMEs. This study attempts to analyze the role of the growth strategy in mediating the effect of entrepreneurial competencies on SMEs performance. The population consists of the 243 nurturing SMEs in Malang Regency, in which the sample was taken using proportional sampling techniques, and it was totaled 146 SMEs. They were collected by using questionnaires and interviews, whereas analytical techniques using Structural Equation Modeling. The results showed that the growth strategy is influenced by entrepreneurial competencies, so the business growth strategy, as a mediator of the effect of entrepreneurial competencies on SMEs performance, meaning that the increase of the entrepreneurial competencies will lead to a higher capability implementing the growth strategy. This eventually affects the SMEs performance. Entrepreneurial competencies will affect the better business growth strategy. In turn, it can also ultimately improve SMEs performance. Thus, the key factor in the SMEs performance in Malang Regency is the level of competency owned by the owners and the implementation of growth strategy.
The manager’s decision in acknowledging and disclosing environmental liability: A Behavioral Model
Authors: Sarumpaet Susi
Published: February 2017

This study analyzes why managers accrue and disclose environmental liability, which involves managers’ discretions. Using the framework of the Theory of Planned Behavior (Ajzen 1991), this research hypothesizes that a manager’s intention to accrue and disclose environmental liability is influenced by: (1) attitudes (2) subjective norms, and (3) perceived behavioral control of the manager towards accruing and disclosing such information. The data was collected through a survey, employing a questionnaire modified from Weidman (2002). Responses from 50 corporate managers in Lampung Province were analyzed using structural equation model software package SmartPLS. This study finds that a manager’s attitude towards environmental liability is positively associated with his/her decision to accrue and disclose environmental liability. However, there is no evidence that subjective norms and behavioral control are associated with such a decision. An additional test using attitude as a moderating variable provides evidence that both subjective norms and perceived control behavior are positively associated with the attitude towards environmental liability.
Impacts of in-kind transfer to household’s budget proportion: Evidence from early reformation in Indonesia
Authors: Girik-Allo Albertus , Rahayu Yuyun Puji , Sukartini Ni Made
Published: February 2017

The program distributing rice for reducing poverty for poor household (also known as Raskin) is one of social safety net programs in Indonesian’s government with its subsidized rice to the poor. The purpose of this program is to lessen the financial burden of the targeted households and increase food sustainability at the household level. This paper’s aim is to investigate how the effect of in-kind transfer towards the Raskin program over the household’s budgets proportion. This study used Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS) data wave 3 (2000) and wave 4 (2007), with the households level as unit analysis. Estimation strategy is applying regression with data panel in fixed effect model (FEM) and instrumental variable (IV). The result shows that the in-kind transfer program is not work for lessening the household’s burden, but in fact has increased the household expenditure, particularly for buying some food. It was found that during the program implementation, there was a significant increase in informal labor wages in Indonesia. Therefore, for typical household who experiencing higher wage income relatives to rice expenditure, will result in total budgets for rice will also increase significantly. In this case, we could conclude that rice is still being normal goods for Indonesia..
Algorithmic Opportunity: Digital Advertising and Inequality in Political Involvement
Authors: Kim Young Mie
Published: February 2017

Contemporary digital advertising operates through
Gary C. Jacobson and the Politics of Congressional Elections
Authors: Carson Jamie L.
Published: February 2017

Gary Jacobson is one of the world’s leading experts studying US congressional elections. This essay examines his contributions to political science over the past 40 years.
Social Desirability Bias in the 2016 Presidential Election
Authors: Klar Samara , Weber Christopher R. , Krupnikov Yanna
Published: February 2017

Partisanship is a stable trait but expressions of partisan preferences can vary according to social context. When particular preferences become socially undesirable, some individuals refrain from expressing them in public, even in relatively anonymous settings such as surveys and polls. In this study, we rely on the psychological trait of self-monitoring to show that Americans who are more likely to adjust their behaviors to comply with social norms (i.e. high self-monitors) were less likely to express support for Donald Trump during the 2016 Presidential Election. In turn, as self-monitoring decreases, we find that the tendency to express support for Trump increases. This study suggests that – at least for some individuals – there may have been a tendency in 2016 to repress expressed support for Donald Trump in order to mask socially undesirable attitudes.
The Unexceptional Gender Gap of 2016
Authors: Burden Barry C. , Crawford Evan , DeCrescenzo Michael G.
Published: February 2017

Because of the particular candidates who ran, the 2016 presidential campaign was defined by gender to a remarkable degree. This led many observers to expect a historically large gender gap in voting. In contrast to these expectations, the gender gap between men and women’s votes in 2016 was only slightly larger than in other recent elections. We argue that an immense gender divide did not emerge because it was constrained by high levels of partisanship in the electorate, especially “negative partisanship” toward the opposing party that leaves little room for gender to matter. In addition, we challenge two common assumptions: that the gender gap helps Democratic candidates and that women were more persuadable than men over the course of the campaign. Both men and women vacillated in their views of Clinton’s honesty during the campaign, with men shifting away from her and toward Trump just before election day.
Development of Processing Maps for AZ81E Magnesium Alloy
Authors: Cao Han-xue , Wu Xue-yan , Liao Hui-min , Hao Meng-yao
Published: February 2017

The hot deformation characteristics of a AZ81E magnesium alloy are studied in the RANGE temperatures from 340 to 430 °C and strain rates ranging between 0.003 and 3.0 s−1 utilizing hot compression tests. Combining Arrhenius equation and Zener-Hollomon parameter, the high temperature flow stress model is proposed and the average activation energy is 166.15 kJ/mol. Processing maps for hot working are developed on the basis of the efficiency of power dissipation with changing temperatures and strain rates. The power dissipation map reveals that the optimum hot working domain is the temperature range of 390–400 °C and strain rate range of 0.03–0.3 s−1.
Solubility of Nitrogen Gas into Molten Copper at Temperature Range of 1,993 K to 2,443 K
Authors: Mohd Noor Abdul Muizz , Muhd Nor Nik Hisyamudin , Yokoyama Seiji
Published: February 2017

Solubility of nitrogen gas into pure copper at temperature range of 1,993–2,443 K was studied with using a levitation melting apparatus. The solubility which was dissolved content of nitrogen equilibrated with nitrogen gas with a pressure of 101.3 kPa increased with the temperature of molten copper. However, the solubility was approximately 1.5 mass ppm even at 2,443 K. Absorption of nitrogen gas into pure copper obeyed the Sieverts’ law and was expressed as:
$${1 \over 2}{{\rm{N}}_2}\left({{\rm{gas}}} \right) = \underline {\rm N} $$

Here, the underlined element was expressed as the element dissolved into a molten copper. The relation between this reaction Gibbs energy, ${\Delta _{\rm{r}}}{G^0}$ [J], and thermodynamic temperature of the molten copper, T [K], was given as:
$${\Delta _{\rm{r}}}{G^0} = 61573 + 48.75T$$
Homogeneous two-point problem for PDE of the second order in time variable and infinite order in spatial variables
Authors: Malanchuk Oksana , Nytrebych Zinoviy
Published: February 2017

We prove that homogeneous problem for PDE of second order in time variable, and generally infinite order in spatial variables with local two-point conditions with respect to time variable, has only trivial solution in the case when the characteristic determinant of the problem is nonzero. In another, opposite case, we prove the existence of nontrivial solutions of the problem, and we propose a differential-symbol method of constructing them.
Experimental Investigation of Pressure Fluctuations on Inner Wall of a Centrifugal Pump
Authors: Jia Xiao-Qi , Cui Bao-Ling , Zhu Zu-Chao , Zhang Yu-Liang
Published: February 2017

Affected by rotor–stator interaction and unstable inner flow, asymmetric pressure distributions and pressure fluctuations cannot be avoided in centrifugal pumps. To study the pressure distributions on volute and front casing walls, dynamic pressure tests are carried out on a centrifugal pump. Frequency spectrum analysis of pressure fluctuation is presented based on Fast Fourier transform and steady pressure distribution is obtained based on time-average method. The results show that amplitudes of pressure fluctuation and blade-passing frequency are sensitive to the flow rate. At low flow rates, high-pressure region and large pressure gradients near the volute tongue are observed, and the main factors contributing to the pressure fluctuation are fluctuations in blade-passing frequency and high-frequency fluctuations. By contrast, at high flow rates, fluctuations of rotating-frequency and low frequencies are the main contributors to pressure fluctuation. Moreover, at low flow rates, pressure near volute tongue increases rapidly at first and thereafter increases slowly, whereas at high flow rates, pressure decreases sharply. Asymmetries are observed in the pressure distributions on both volute and front casing walls. With increasing of flow rate, both asymmetries in the pressure distributions and magnitude of the pressure decrease.