bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Case Study of Air Quality in Kabul, Afghanistan
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Agriculture Faculty, Paktia University, Sultan-Zoi Farhad , Samim Alam Khan ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Horticulture Sciences, Agriculture Faculty, Paktia University, Wiar Abdul Rashid ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Agriculture Faculty, Paktia University
Published: November 2024

The air quality in Afghanistan is severely affected by various pollutant sources, the impacts of which often cause acute health problems, particularly among the old, young and those suffering from poor health. The impacts of chronic exposure to air pollutants are also likely to become apparent over time. The purpose of this air quality dissertation is to assist policy makers in the design and implementation of policies, and in the development of monitoring and management tools to restore air quality in Afghanistan. Since 2001, Kabul city’s population has grown from four hundred thousand to six million people. Estimates of various pollutant emissions indicate that vehicular traffic, windblown dust, brick kilns, residential heating during winter season, and domestic and commercial generators are the major sources of air pollution in Kabul. The estimated total annual emissions in Kabul are 17,363 tons of PM10, 16,183 tons of NOx, 2,484 tons of SO2, 97,068 tons of CO2, and 650,846 tons of CO2 .In the article “In Kabul, air pollution a bigger killer than war” that every year around 3,000 people die in Kabul city due to air pollution whereas the total mortality rate due to war across the country is 2,777 cases.
The Integration of Listening Skills into Curriculum
Authors:   English Language Unit, Preparatory Studies Center, University of Technology and Applied Sciences, Salalah, Sultanate of Oman., Eragamreddy Dr. Nagamurali
Published: November 2024

This study explores the incorporation of listening skills into language courses, reflecting the increasing demand for effective listening approaches that aid in language understanding in real-world situations. The study questions primarily focus on evolution, effective integration methods, assessment approaches, and the role of technology in incorporating listening into curriculum across varied educational contexts. This current study conducted a rigorous literature analysis and aggregated data from 100 empirical research on L2 listening, using stringent standards to identify recent achievements and gaps in the field. Data analysis used deductive text analysis to categorize methods based on efficacy, technology integration, and active learning. Key studies show that task-based learning and the incorporation of multimodal technology, such as podcasts and mobile apps, substantially enhance listening comprehension by providing immersive and interactive learning environments. These methods directly address the research questions, demonstrating that active, contextual listening activities promote profound engagement and retention. In conclusion, this study emphasizes the significance of multimedia and task-based methods, with implications for more inclusive, accessible curriculum design. Future research should focus on low-tech strategies to provide fair access to listening resources worldwide.
A MULTICAUSALIDADE QUE INFLUENCIA A PREVALÊNCIA DE ANEMIA FERROPRIVA EM CRIANÇAS MENORES DE 5 ANOS NO BRASIL
Authors: De Lima Colares Michelle , Damasceno Brandão Jéssica  Daniella
Published: November 2024

A anemia ferropriva é uma doença causada pela deficiência ou falta de ferro no organismo e essa é considerada a carência nutricional de maior magnitude no mundo, afetando principalmente crianças em países subdesenvolvidos. Este estudo tem como objetivo analisar a multicausalidade que influencia a prevalência de anemia ferropriva em crianças menores de 5 anos no Brasil, apresentando dados epidemiológicos, descrevendo as manifestações clínicas e o diagnóstico das crianças acometidas pela doença. Trata-se de uma revisão de literatura qualitativa, com coleta de dados realizada por meio das bases SciELO e Google acadêmico, entre outras bases relevantes. Foram incluídos artigos publicados entre 2019 e 2024. Utilizou-se as palavras-chave: anemia ferropriva; anemia ferropriva em crianças; prevalência de anemia ferropriva; fatores associados a anemia ferropriva, nos idiomas português, inglês e espanhol. Os estudos revisados apontaram associações entre fatores socioeconômicos, ambientais, nutricionais e biológicos com a prevalência de anemia ferropriva em crianças. Portanto, torna-se fundamental conscientizar a população brasileira sobre os fatores desencadeadores da doença, visando à implementação de medidas preventivas e, consequentemente, à redução da prevalência de anemia ferropriva em crianças no país.
Towards an improved SARS-CoV-2 vaccine for vulnerable population
Authors:   , Echaide Górriz Míriam
Published: November 2024

By the end of 2019, the SARS-CoV-2 emerged in Wuhan, China. It spread rapidly generating a worldwide pandemic. New and effective mRNA-based and adenovirus-based vaccines were developed to reduce virus transmission and decrease virulence of the disease (COVID- 19). All of the vaccines contained the spike (S) protein/gene/mRNA of the virus as the main antigen. Healthy and vulnerable populations were vaccinated with mRNA-based vaccines. However, the immunosenescence (accumulation of differentiated T-cells and a depletion of naïve T-cells, with inefficient TCRs for the recognition of new antigens) and inflammaging (a chronic inflammation mainly caused by the Th17 response) present in oncologic patients and elderly individuals led to the generation of an inefficient immune response against SARS-CoV-2 infection. We have analysed the immune profile of oncologic patients and healthy donors towards mRNA Pfizer/BioNtech vaccine and SARS-CoV-2 infection. We observed that both donor groups present strong immune responses against the main structural proteins of SARS-CoV- 2: spike (S), membrane (M) and nucleoprotein (N). This allowed us to identify the most immunogenic antigens of the virus. Hence, we generated a polyprotein-based vaccine containing the most immunogenic epitopes of these proteins, adjuvanted with squalene. An in vivo study in BALB/c mice showed that the polyprotein-based vaccine induced a multiepitopic cellular immune response, conferring a wider protection than the vaccine containing only the S1 subunit of the S protein. We also studied the effect of oleuropein, a bisphenol derived from olive oil plant, as a vaccine adjuvant. We analysed in vitro the effect of oleuropein in T-cells from elderly donors against the S protein of SARS-CoV-2. The results showed that oleuropein enhances the activation of S-specific T lymphocytes. An in vivo experiment was also performed, in which NSG-A2 immunosuppressed mice containing human immune cells from elderly donors were treated with oleuropein and challenged with SARS-CoV-2 delta virus. Oleuropein potentiated the immune response in some mice containing the cells from elderly donors. In conclusion, S, M and N antigens of SARS-CoV-2 can be introduced into a vaccine to generate a more complete immune response against the virus than the current vaccines on the market. In addition, further studies can be performed to investigate oleuropein as a vaccine adjuvant to enhance the immune response in both young and elderly populations.
Data Management Framework: Developing a data management framework for a clinical research institution
Authors:   Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Ho Van Hien
Published: November 2024

In the rapidly evolving field of clinical research, the effective management of data is paramount. A robust data management framework is essential for ensuring the integrity, security, and accessibility of data throughout the research lifecycle. This framework not only supports compliance with regulatory requirements but also enhances the efficiency and reliability of research outcomes. Developing a data management framework for a clinical research institution involves a comprehensive approach that integrates best practices in data collection, storage, processing, and analysis. It requires a thorough understanding of the unique challenges and needs of clinical research, including the handling of sensitive patient information, adherence to ethical standards, and the facilitation of collaborative research efforts. This framework introduces sets the stage for exploring the key components and strategies involved in creating an effective data management framework, highlighting its critical role in advancing clinical research and improving quality of research data throughout comprehensive data management processes. This is the result of a long-journey of studying the SCDM’s Good Clinical Data Management Practices (GCDMP©) (SCDM, 2013), ICH E6 (R2) Good clinical practice (ICH) and practical experiences of Data Managers of the Oxford University Clinical Research Unit.
КӨМІРТЕКТІ АЭРОГЕЛЬДЕР: ТҮРЛЕРІ, АЛУ ЖОЛДАРЫ, ЗЕРТТЕУ ӘДІСТЕРІ ЖӘНЕ ҚОЛДАНЫЛУ АЯСЫ
Authors: М. Әуелханқызы  , М. Нажипқызы  , С. Таупихова  , Ә. Талгатқызы  , М. Әуелханқызы
Published: November 2024

Көміртекті аэрогельдер әлемдегі ең жеңіл материалдар болып табылады. Сонымен қатар, олар жоғары кеуектілікке, өте төмен тығыздыққа, өте жоғары адсорбциялық қабілетке және жоғары жылу тұрақтылығына ие. Бұл мақалада, соңғы жылдары алынған көміртегі негізіндегі аэрогельдердің түрлерін, алу жолдарын, зерттеу әдістерін және қолдану аясын қамтитын бір ретке келтірілген жаңа көзқарастар ұсынылды. Біріншіден, қазіргі кезде белгілі көміртегі негізіндегі аэрогельдерді 6 түрге бөліп қарастыру ұсынылды. Олар резорцинол-формальдегид негізіндегі аэрогельдер, көміртекті нанотүтікше негізіндегі аэрогельдер, графен негізіндегі аэрогельдер, көміртекті нанотүтікше және графен негізіндегі гибридті аэрогельдер, алмаз негізіндегі аэрогельдер және биомасса негізіндегі аэрогельдер. Осы атталған көміртегі негізіндегі аэрогельдердің ішінен әртүрлі табиғи қалдықтар негізінде дайындалып, экологиялық және экономикалық тұрғыдан тиімді биомасса негізіндегі аэрогельдер ең көп зерттелген және болашағы зор аэрогельдер түрі болып табылады. Екіншіден, сканерлеуші электронды микроскоп, трансмиссиялық немесе жарықтандырушы электронды микроскоп, термогравиметрия және раман спектроскопиясы көміртегі негізіндегі аэрогельдердің құрылысы мен құрамын сипаттауда ең көп қолданылатын әдістер екені анықталды. Нанокеуекті материалдардың тарихында бұл – жаңа материалдар классы болғанымен, қолданысын кеңінен тапты. Олардың басты артықшылығы – жоғары кеуектілігі, соның арқасында аэрогельдер адсорбент ретінде май/суды бөлуде, ауыр металл иондарын тазалауда және т.б. салаларда қолданылуы қарастырылды. Кілтті сөздер: аэрогельдер, көміртегі негізіндегі аэрогельдер, кеуекті материал, карбонизация, адсорбент, жылу оқшаулағыштар.
МОДЕРНИЗАЦИЯ УЗЛА ДОЗИРОВАНИЯ КАТАЛИЗАТОРА ПРОИЗВОДСТВА ПОЛИПРОПИЛЕНА
Authors: Д. Ф. Байзельдинов  , Р. М. Несмеянова
Published: November 2024

Производство полипропилена (ПП) является перспективной сферой деятельности, поскольку этот материал широко используется в различных отраслях промышленности и потребительских товарах. В данной статье рассматривается узел дозирования катализатора, так как на сегодняшний день можно считать этот участок проблемным на установке производства полипропилена. Необходимость модернизации объясняется следующими аспектами: любое производство должно идти в ногу со временем и подвергаться модернизациям, если такая возможность на предприятии имеется и, второе, изменение технологии дозирования должно быть призвано к снижению выбросов в окружающую среду, увеличению производительности установки, снижению рисков возникновения острых и хронических заболеваний у производственно-технического персонала. Существует большое количество различных методов загрузки катализаторов; нами предложена и обсуждается в статье технология загрузки катализатора посредством подачи его в реактор полимеризации в смеси с белым инертным маслом с помощью шнекового насоса. Белое масло не оказывает негативного эффекта на процесс полимеризации и в дальнейшем выводится с установки вместе с готовой продукцией, белое масло не вступает в химическую реакцию ни с сырьем, ни с катализатором, что делает применение белого масла с катализатором тетрахлорид титана оптимальным. Шнековый насос позволяет дозировать катализатор порционно как того требует технологический процесс. Данная модернизация позволит избежать большого количества негативных факторов, которые вызывает действующая технологическая схема. Ключевые слова: полипропилен, загрузка катализатора, модернизация, катализатор, тетрахлорид титана, белое масло.
An investigation on antifungal preparation: A comprehensive review
Authors: Chougale Rutuja Dattatray
Published: November 2024

The study’s objective was to assess the antifungal efficacy of various medications and formulations. Medicinal plant extracts and medications that were tested for antifungal qualities against different species were shown to have antifungal capabilities. Even at modest dosages, these species showed antifungal activity that was nearly identical to that of the commercial fungicide used as a positive control. More research is needed to determine which bioactive compounds are responsible for the observed antifungal action. Plant-based natural fungicides may yield novel active compounds, particularly those with antifungal qualities. The relevance of this strategy for selecting plant species when seeking a certain activity is supported by the high percentage of active extracts in the species under inquiry, which were selected based on established ethnobotanical data.
Yüksek Riskli Lezyonlarda Onkoplastik Cerrahi
Authors:   İstanbul Üniversitesi-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa Tıp Fakültesi, Cerrahi Tıp Bilimleri Bölümü, Plastik Rekonstrüktif ve Estetik Cerrahi Ana Bilim Dalı, İstanbul, Türkiye, Demiröz Anıl
Published: November 2024

Onkoplastik meme cerrahisi, yüksek riskli meme lezyonlarında optimal estetik ve onkolojik sonuçlar elde etmek için onkolojik prensipleri plastik cerrahi teknikleriyle birleştirir. Temel amacı, lezyonu temiz sınırlarla çıkarırken vücut imajı ve yaşam kalitesi üzerindeki etkileri en aza indirmektir. Adjuvan radyoterapi ile birlikte uygulanan meme koruyucu cerrahi, mastektomiye eşdeğer sağkalım oranları sunarken daha iyi estetik sonuçlar ve hasta memnuniyeti sağlar. Onkoplastik teknikler, doku rezeksiyon ihtiyacına göre Seviye I ve Seviye II işlemler olarak sınıflandırılır.
Pigmente Purpurik Dermatozlar
Authors:   Ankara Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi Deri ve Zührevi Hastalıkları Ana Bilim Dalı, Ankara, Türkiye, Kömürcügil İçim , Bal Zülal İnci ,   Ankara Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi Deri ve Zührevi Hastalıkları Ana Bilim Dalı, Ankara, Türkiye
Published: November 2024

Pigmente purpurik dermatoz (PPD), genellikle benign (selim), kronik, purpurik cilt lezyonlarını tanımlamak için kullanılan bir terimdir. Klinik olarak kırmızı-mor renkli maküller, yamalar ve peteşiler ile karakterizedir. PPD en sık alt ekstremitelerde görülür, hastalar genellikle asemptomatiktir. . Yetişkinler daha sık etkilenmektedir. Etyolojide besin takviyeleri, aşılar, çeşitli enfeksiyonlar, diyabet, venöz yetmezlik, ağır egzersiz, otoimmün hastalıklar ve bazı ilaçlar suçlanmaktadır. Klinik prezentasyona göre PPD beş ana grupta incelenebilir: Progresif Purpurik Pigmente Dermatoz (Schamberg Hastalığı), Purpura Annularis Telanjiektodes (Majocchi Hastalığı), Gougerot ve Blum'un Pigmente Purpurik Likenoid Dermatozu, Doucas ve Kapetanakis'in Egzamatid Benzeri Purpurası ve Liken Aureus. Bu derlemede PPD’ nin genel özellikleri, histopatolojik bulguları v tedavi seçenekleri anlatılacaktır.
Mikrovasküler Oklüzyon Sendromlarının Deri Bulguları
Authors:   Sağlık Bilimleri Üniversitesi Şişli Hamidiye Etfal Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi Deri ve Zührevi Hastalıkları Kliniği, İstanbul, Türkiye, Özdemir Çetinkaya Pınar
Published: November 2024

Deri tutulumu ile seyreden mikrovasküler oklüzyon sendromları inflamatuar olmayan, damar lümeninde tıkanma sonucu gelişen ayırıcı tanısı oldukça geniş, çok sayıda hastalıklar grubudur. Mikrovasküler oklüzyon sendromlarının karakteristik deri bulgusu “retiform purpura”dır. Bu morfoloji dermal ve subkutan damarlardaki kan akışı tamamen kesintiye uğradığında oluşur ve bunun sonucunda kutanöz iskemi, purpura ve nekroz gelişir. Mikrovasküler oklüzyon sendromlarının ayırıcı tanısı geniş ve zordur. Retiform purpurası olan hastaya yaklaşımda lezyon morfolojisi, süresi, dağılımı, hastanın genel durumu, özgeçmiş ve soygeçmişi, dermatolojik bulgulara ek olarak sistemlerin gözden geçirilmesindeki diğer bulguları, fizik muayene, laboratuvar inceleme, görüntüleme yöntemleri ve deri biyopsisi (rutin histopatoloji, direkt immünfloresan inceleme ve kültür) önemlidir. Mikrovasküler oklüzyon sendromlarının en doğru ayırıcı tanısı etyopatogenezlerine göre sınıflandırılarak yapılır. Etyopatogenezlerine göre sekiz ana kategoride sınıflandırılabilirler: trombotik (heparin nekrozu, miyeloproliferatif hastalıklara ikincil trombositoz, paroksismal noktürnal hemoglobinüri, trombotik trombositopenik purpura), embolik (kolesterol embolisi, oksalat embolisi, atriyal miksoma), enfeksiyöz (ektima gangrenozum, fırsatçı mantarlar), soğuk ile ilişkili jelleşme ve aglütinasyon (kriyofibrinojenemi, kriyoglobülinemi, soğuk aglütinin sendromu), sistemik koagülopatiler (protein C ve S eksikliği, warfarin nekrozu, purpura fulminans/dissemine intravasküler koagülasyon), vasküler koagülopatiler (Sneddon sendromu, livedoid vaskülopati, malign atrofik papüloz/Degos hastalığı), eritrosit oklüzyon sendromları ve çeşitli diğer hastalıklar. Oklüzif sendromların tedavisinde genellikle ana hastalık, altta yatan sebep ve lümende tıkanıklığa sebep olan patofizyolojik faktör tedavi edildiğinden doğru sınıflama doğru tedavinin başlanmasında önemlidir.
Kawasaki Hastalığı
Authors:   Sandıklı Devlet Hastanesi, Deri ve Zührevi Hastalıklar Kliniği, Afyonkarahisar, Türkiye, Ünal Fadime , Karaosmanoğlu Nermin ,   Ankara Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi, Dermatoloji Ana Bilim Dalı, Ankara, Türkiye
Published: November 2024

Kawasaki hastalığı sıklıkla 5 yaş altındaki çocuklarda görülen özellikle koroner arterler olmak üzere küçük ve orta boy arterlerin tutulduğu multisistemik bir hastalıktır. Çocuklarda akkiz kalp hastalığının en yaygın nedeni olarak kabul edilmiştir. Hastalığın etyopatogenezinde genetik duyarlılığın enfeksiyöz tetikleyiciler ile etkileşiminin ardından anormal bir bağışıklık tepkisi olduğu düşünülmektedir. Kawasaki hastalığı klinik olarak 14 güne kadar süren inatçı, yüksek ateş, bilateral konjonktivit, çilek dil, kurumuş dudaklar, tek taraflı ve anterior servikal zincirle sınırlı servikal adenopati, avuç içi ve ayak tabanlarında yaygın eritem, el ve ayak sırtında şişme gibi semptomların eşlik ettiği akut dönem, 2-4 haftalık subakut faz ve aylarca, yıllarca sürebilen iyileşme fazlarından oluşur. Tedavisinde aspirin ve IVIG akut faz döneminde kullanılırken; dirençli vakalarda kortikosteroidler, TNF-alfa inhibitörleri, siklosporin, metotreksat gibi tedaviler de önerilmektedir.
Karsinoid Sendromda Deri Bulguları
Authors:   Dr. Karaaslan Clinic, Balıkesir, Türkiye, Karaaslan Engin
Published: November 2024

Karsinoid sendrom (KS), vazoaktif amin, prostaglandin ve polipeptitler gibi çeşitli hümoral faktörlerin salınmasıyla ilişkili bir paraneoplastik sendromdur. ABD'de insidansı 100.000 nüfusta 0,27'dir, kadın ve erkeklerde insidansı eşittir, Afrikalı-Amerikalılar ise diğer etnik gruplardan daha fazla etkilenir. Sendrom tipik olarak gastrointestinal sistem, solunum sistemi, kardiyovasküler sistem ve cildi tutar. Hastalar klasik olarak kızarma (%90), ishal (%70) ve hırıltıdan (%15) şikayet ederler. Kızarma genellikle ani başlangıçlı, pembe veya kırmızıdır ve yüzü veya gövdeyi içerir. Sadece birkaç dakika sürer ve bir gün içinde birden çok kez meydana gelebilir. Alkol, egzersiz veya tiramin içeren yiyecekler (çikolata, ceviz, muz) tetikleyebilir. Karsinoid sendromun deri tutulumu 4 farklı klinik formda görülmektedir; kızarma ve ilgili durumlar, niasin eksikliğine bağlı pellagra, özel bir skleroderma varyantı ve kutanöz metastazlar. Ayrıca ciltte kuruluk ve jeneralize kaşıntı görülebilir. Daha nadiren de karsinoid sendroma bağlı liken planus ve karsinoid hücrelerin metastazına bağlı makülopapüler lezyonlar bildirilmiştir. İdrarda (24 saat) 5-hidroksiindolasetik asit (5-HIAA) ölçümü en önemli ve ilk tanısal testtir. Tedavi somatostatin analogları, kemoterapi ajanları, sitoredüktif cerrahi, embolizasyon ve radyofrekans ablasyonu içerir. Hastalık, erken tespit edilir ve uygun şekilde yönetilirse nispeten iyi bir prognoza sahiptir.
Bacak ve Basınç Ülserleri
Authors:   Sağlık Bilimleri Üniversitesi, Ankara Sağlık Uygulama ve Araştırma Merkezi, Deri ve Zührevi Hastalıkları Kliniği, Ankara, Türkiye, Kıratlı Nalbant Esra , Ertem Günegül Nilüfer ,   Sağlık Bilimleri Üniversitesi, Ankara Sağlık Uygulama ve Araştırma Merkezi, Deri ve Zührevi Hastalıkları Kliniği, Ankara, Türkiye
Published: November 2024

Kronik bacak ülserleri sıklıkla diz altında yerleşen, uzun süreli açık yaralardır. Çeşitli sistemik ve/veya lokal faktörlerin etkisiyle epidermal ve dermal katmanların kaybı sonucu oluşan bu ülserler, hem dermatologlar için tanı ve tedavide zorluk , hem de sağlık sistemleri için bir yük teşkil edebilmektedir. Kronik bacak ülserlerinin sayısız sebebi olabilmekle birlikte büyük çoğunluğu venöz yetmezliğe, periferik arter hastalığına veya periferik nöropatiye bağlı ortaya çıkmaktadır. Başarılı bir tedavi için altta yatan sebep aydınlatılmalı; etiyopatogeneze yönelik tedavi ile yara bakımı bir arada uygulanmalı, tetikleyici faktörlerden uzaklaşılmalıdır.
Kardiyak Hastalıklarda Deri Bulguları
Authors:   Bağcılar Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi, Deri ve Zührevi Hastalıkları Ana Bilim Dalı, İstanbul, Türkiye, Yiğit Dilek , Gözgen Atmaca Nurten ,   Ankara Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi, Deri ve Zührevi Hastalıkları Ana Bilim Dalı, Ankara, Türkiye, Akgül Ahmet ,   İstanbul Üniversitesi–Cerrahpaşa, Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Gerontoloji Bölümü, Gerontoloji Ana Bilim Dalı, İstanbul, Türkiye
Published: November 2024

Kardiyak hastalıklar tüm dünyada ölümün en önemli nedenidir. Çeşitli dermatolojik bulgular ışığında son derece mortal seyredebilecek kardiyak hastalıkların erken tanı ve tedavisi mümkündür. Siyanoz konjenital kalp hastalıklarından konjestif kalp yetmezliğine; flushing mitral darlıktan aort yetmezliğine kadar geniş kardiyolojik ayırıcı tanı yelpazesi sunar. Aynı şekilde eritemle seyreden deri bulgularının paternlerini ayırt edebilmek, çomak parmağı tanıyabilmek bize tanı açısından ipucu verebilecek bulgulardır. Ksantomlar, Frank işareti, akantozis nigrikans, gut tofüsü ve periferik vasküler hastalık gibi koroner arter hastalığı riskini artıran durumların erken teşhisiyle hastalarda gerekli yaşam tarzı değişiklikleri yapılarak beklenen ömrün uzatılabilmesi mümkündür. Bu derlemede kardiyak hastalıklarda karşımıza çıkabilecek deri bulguları tartışılacaktır.
Multisistemik Hastalıklarda Kardiyak ve Kutanöz Bulgular
Authors:   Ankara Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi, Dermatoloji Kliniği, Ankara İstanbul, Dirliktutan Berkay , Çapçı Arcan Kıvanç ,   Ankara Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi, Dermatoloji Kliniği, Ankara İstanbul
Published: November 2024

Dermatolojik bulgular primer bir cilt hastalığının belirtisi olabileceği gibi, multisistemik bir hastalığın kutanöz bulgusu da olabilmektedir. Bu nedenle multisistemik bir hastalığa ait kutanöz bulgu saptandığında, diğer sistemlere ait tutulumların akılda bulundurulması hastaya bütünsel yaklaşım açısından faydalı olacaktır. Bu sayede hastada farklı sistem tutulumlarının tanısı ve tedavisi sağlanabilir. Kardiyak tutulum gibi hastanın yaşam süresine etki edebilecek tutulumların, dermatolojik muayene ile erkenden saptanması ve tedavisi mümkün olabilmektedir.
Determinants of School Life Adaptation for Multicultural Children and Adolescents from an Ecological Systems Perspective
Authors:   Korea Youth Counselling Association, Kang Bog-Jeong , Seo Jong-Soo
Published: November 2024

This study was conducted to examine the factors influencing the school adaptation of multicultural children and adolescents from an ecological systems perspective. The aim was to propose intervention strategies to enhance the school life adaptation of multicultural children and adolescents. For this purpose, data from a study on the adaptation status and support measures for children of multicultural families in the Busan area conducted by Choi Jeong-Rak et al.(2021) was utilized for analysis. The research analysis data consisted of a total of 402 participants, including 190 elementary school students, 126 middle school students, and 86 high school students. The results of the study are as follows: First, among the individual system factors, current academic performance and Korean language proficiency self-esteem positively impacted the school life adaptation of multicultural children and adolescents. Second, among the microsystem factors, relationships with friends, relationships with teachers, and the Korean language proficiency of foreign parents were found to have a positive impact on the school life adaptation of multicultural children and adolescents. Based on these findings, intervention strategies were suggested for direct interventions targeting multicultural children and adolescents and for indirect interventions through parental or social support to improve their school life adaptation.
The Effect of Adolescents' Smartphone Dependency on Self-Esteem and Academic Helplessness : The Moderating Effect of Parental Nurturance
Authors:   Korea Youth Counselling Association, Kim Ji-Ye
Published: November 2024

Since the onset of COVID-19, restrictions on students' extracurricular activities have increased academic stress, leading to decreased concentration and learning efficiency, and a rise in academic helplessness. therefore, this study aimed to examine how the surge in smartphone dependency among adolescents living alone during the pandemic affected academic helplessness, mediated by self-esteem, and moderated by parental nurturance. Data from a cohort of 2,384 third-year middle school students in South Korea during 2020, using the Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey 2018, were analyzed using SPSS 25.0 to validate each hypothesis. The results revealed that smartphone overdependence negatively influenced self-esteem, which in turn negatively affected academic helplessness. Moreover, smartphone overdependence directly positively influenced academic helplessness. Self-esteem significantly mediated the impact of smartphone overdependence on academic helplessness, and positive parental nurturance moderated the effect of self-esteem on academic helplessness. Based on these findings, the study emphasizes the critical educational implications of smartphone overdependence, suggesting tailored strategies for self-control and practical step-by-step interventions. Furthermore, it underscores the importance of parents providing supportive interventions rather than mere reprimands, focusing on student recovery and resilience in devising intervention strategies.
Seoul’s ‘Counseling Mentoring’ Program Analysis and Study on Improvement Plans for Seoul’s Single-person Household Policy
Authors:   Korea Youth Counselling Association, Jung Seung-Won
Published: November 2024

Perhaps the biggest change that has occurred in Korean society recently is the increase in single-person households.In line with the trend of increasing single-person households, the Seoul Metropolitan Government has introduced and is carrying out a counseling mentoring program for single-person households from 2021.However, the discussion on the effectiveness of this program has not yet been fully conducted. Accordingly, in this study, telephone and written interviews were conducted centering on practitioners conducting counseling mentoring, and based on the contents, the program was analyzed and limitations and improvement plans were proposed from various angles. The study was conducted from late October to mid-November 2022 with an FGI interview with a person in charge who runs a single-person household counseling mentoring program. Ten Metropolitan boroughs were selected by adding 7 administrative officers who operated the counseling mentoring program and 3 administrative officers who did not operate counseling mentoring. If a counseling program for emotional support is introduced in a residential space using social housing, one of the housing services for single-person households, it is expected that community activities to be formed in social housing can be supported, and at the same time, intimacy with the current area and residential space will increase, leading to a sense of psychological stability. This study is meaningful as it proposes a highly effective counseling program tailored to the characteristics of Seoul.
The Research Trends on Sandplay Therapy for Depression : Focusing on Degrees and Academic Journals from 2007 to 2023
Authors:   Korea Youth Counselling Association, Seo Jong-Soo , Shin Yi-Na
Published: November 2024

The purpose of this study is to analyze trends in sandplay therapy research for depression conducted in Korea, seek research directions for sandplay therapy related to depression improvement, and provide basic data necessary for therapeutic research. The papers included in the study include 58 domestic studies conducted from 2007 to 2023. As a result of the study, an average of 3.4 studies on depression and sandplay therapy were continuously conducted each year. Additionally, 53.1% of the research subjects were degree theses and 46.5% were academic theses. In the case of academic papers, 44.4% of studies were published in general academic journals, 40.8% were studies published in registered journals, and 12.8% were studies published in candidate journals. In order to verify the effectiveness of depression in research, Beck's depression scale was used most often, and pre- and post-test was used in 43 studies. The subjects of the study were diverse, including children, adolescents, and adults, but the proportion of adults was high at 32%. The average number of study participants was 10, and the number of counseling sessions was 15 on average. Based on these research results, implications such as points to be considered when conducting sandplay therapy research related to depression and discussions on follow-up research were presented.
TEORIA DA LIDERANÇA COMPLEXA EM UMA EQUIPE DE INOVAÇÃO
Authors: Gramkow Fabiana
Published: November 2024

Em ambientes complexos de inovação, o processo de liderança precisa ser mais interativo e emergente, com múltiplos modos de influência em rede para fazer emergir ideias criativas e inovadoras. O objetivo deste artigo é compreender como ocorre o processo de liderança em uma equipe de inovação da Nokia Networks/Brasil, a partir da lente da Teoria da Liderança Complexa (TLC). Para tanto, foi utilizada uma metodologia qualitativa e interpretativista de pesquisa, tendo como base entrevistas em profundidade. O roteiro de entrevista foi definido com base nas funções da TLC: administrativa, adaptativa e promotora. Os principais resultados relacionados à função administrativa revelam que: 1) a liderança emerge conforme o contexto e se desenvolve de forma distribuída; e 2) o alinhamento estratégico da equipe e o aporte de recursos, capitaneados pelos coordenadores junto à Nokia e PUCPR, por meio da parceria universidade-empresa (Nokia-PUCPR), atuam como facilitadores para geração de ideias e inovação. Quanto à função adaptativa, a análise dos dados mostrou que: 1) o trabalho colaborativo entre os membros da equipe de projeto propicia um ambiente de aprendizagem compartilhada, que gera inovação e, ao mesmo tempo, flexibilidade da equipe para eventuais ajustes e alterações no projeto; e 2) ocorrem interações constantes da equipe com outros SACs (Sistemas Adaptativos Complexos), internos e externos, seja para a geração de ideias, resolução de problemas ou geração de novas soluções. Em relação à função promotora chegou-se a três importantes resultados: 1) os membros da equipe são empoderados para agir com autonomia no desenvolvimento do projeto, o que implica em agilidade na tomada de decisão e eficiência nas inovações; 2) a cultura do feedback contribui para a criação de um ambiente transparente e de confiança; e 3) o incentivo ao aprendizado motiva os membros da equipe a investir tempo e esforço na busca de novas soluções e no alcance dos objetivos do projeto.
TENDÊNCIAS E DESAFIOS NA EVOLUÇÃO DO BUILDING INFORMATION MODELING (BIM): ANÁLISE TEÓRICA DAS DIMENSÕES TRADICIONAIS AOS PARADIGMAS EMERGENTES NA CONSTRUÇÃO CIVIL
Authors: Santos Teixeira Bonfante Hortência , Palmisano Angelo
Published: November 2024

Este artigo tem por objetivo apresentar uma análise teórica das dimensões tradicionais e consolidadas associadas ao Building Information Modeling (BIM) frente as novas demandas originadas na área da construção civil, visando explorar como essa metodologia pode contribuir para a superação desses desafios e a otimização dos processos construtivos. A metodologia de pesquisa adotada neste trabalho é de natureza aplicada, com objetivos exploratórios qualitativos e envolveu procedimentos técnicos de levantamento de dados bibliográficos. O BIM revolucionou a indústria da construção civil, proporcionando melhorias significativas na eficiência, colaboração e precisão ao longo do ciclo de vida dos projetos. Em se tratando das dimensões tradicionais do BIM pode-se relacionar o modelo de construção as informações quanto ao seu formato físico, ao tempo necessário para a construção, ao custo relativo àquela implementação, a sustentabilidade e a manutenção da edificação. Este estudo fornece informações a respeito do referencial teórico sobre as dimensões do BIM, e como este assunto vem sendo tratado na área de construção civil nos últimos anos. Como resultado, observou-se que os paradigmas emergentes na construção cível relacionados a interoperabilidade, colaboração, inovação e sustentabilidade, ainda se encontram em desenvolvimento no BIM, contudo, representam uma possibilidade, baseada no potencial que apresentam de causar um impacto positivo e significativo nesse setor, aliás necessário. Para que o BIM possa alcançar seu pleno potencial, será necessário que a indústria da construção civil desenvolva padrões e diretrizes para o seu uso. Além disso, os profissionais envolvidos no planejamento de construções precisam ser treinados e capacitados para utilização do BIM de forma adequada, explorando assim todas as potencialidades que este processo metodológico propõe.
Editorial: The shadowlands of (geo)science communication in academia – definitions, problems, and possible solutions
Authors: Gani Shahzad , Arnal Louise , Beattie Lucy , Hillier John , Illingworth Sam , Lanza Tiziana , Mohadjer Solmaz , Pulkkinen Karoliina , Roop Heidi , Stewart Iain , von Elverfeldt Kirsten , Zihms Stephanie
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Science communication is an important part of research, including in the geosciences, as it can (1) benefit both society and science and (2) make science more publicly accountable. However, much of this work takes place in “shadowlands” that are neither fully seen nor understood. These shadowlands are spaces, aspects, and practices of science communication that are not clearly defined and may be harmful with respect to the science being communicated or for the science communicators themselves. With the increasing expectation in academia that researchers should participate in science communication, there is a need to address some of the major issues that lurk in these shadowlands. Here, the editorial team of Geoscience Communication seeks to shine a light on the shadowlands of geoscience communication by geoscientists in academia and suggest some solutions and examples of effective practice. The issues broadly fall under three categories: (1) harmful or unclear objectives, (2) poor quality and lack of rigor, and (3) exploitation of science communicators working within academia. Ameliorating these problems will require the following action: (1) clarifying objectives and audiences, (2) adequately training science communicators, and (3) giving science communication equivalent recognition to other professional activities. In this editorial, our aim is to cultivate a more transparent and responsible landscape for geoscience communication – a transformation that will ultimately benefit the progress of science; the welfare of scientists; and, more broadly, society at large.
A-PoRM SIPLAS: Assessing The Post-Disaster Recovery Of Mangrove Forest In Siargao Island Protected Landscape And Seascape (SIPLAS) Area Using Sentinel-1 SAR Data
Authors: Segales Jay Melvin , Paz Eliazar Mark , Cauba Jr. Arturo G.
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Tropical cyclones and typhoons pose significant threats to coastal ecosystems, particularly mangrove forests. Assessing the extent of mangrove damage and monitoring recovery post-disaster is vital for effective conservation and management strategies. Space-based observations have become increasingly common in monitoring forest damage in tropical regions. However, the predominant methods for change detection rely on satellite optical imagery, which faces challenges in humid tropical zones. Technological advancements have led to the development of detection techniques utilizing synthetic aperture radar (SAR) to address cloud cover issues. The study specifically targets Siargao Island Protected Landscape and Seascape (SIPLAS), the largest contiguous forest in the Philippines, from destruction caused by Super typhoon Rai (Odette). The study utilized SAR time-series data, unsupervised log ratio change detection method and Cumulative Sum (CuSum) analysis via Google Earth Engine (GEE). Analysis of Sentinel-1 GRD images found VV polarization had the highest accuracy at 92% and an F-measure of 0.92. VH polarization had 87.5% accuracy and an F-measure of 0.87, while combining VV and VH and VV/VH achieved the same results of 80.5% overall accuracy with an F-measure of 0.82. With that, results indicated that 53% of mangroves in SIPLAS area were damaged, with 38.05% regenerating by 2022 and 56.75% by 2023, notably after September 16, 2022 detected from CuSum analysis using the VV polarization. These findings substantiate the robustness of the data and methodologies employed in monitoring mangrove resilience and supporting conservation initiatives within the SIPLAS area.
Dynamic and thermodynamic contribution to the October 2019 exceptional rainfall in western central Africa
Authors: Kenfack Kevin , Marra Francesco , Djomou Zéphirin Yepdo , Tchotchou Lucie Angennes Djiotang , Tamoffo Alain Tchio , Vondou Derbetini Appolinaire
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Exceptional rainfall hit western central Africa in October 2019. To understand its underlying mechanisms, we examined the regional moisture and moist static energy (MSE) budgets, intending to highlight the importance of the dynamic and thermodynamic effects associated with this historic event. Analysis of the moisture budget reveals that the precipitation anomalies in October were mainly controlled by dynamic effects. Horizontal moisture advection induced by horizontal wind anomalies controls extreme precipitation north of western central Africa, while vertical moisture advection induced by vertical velocity anomalies controls extreme precipitation south of western central Africa. Changes in the thermodynamic effect, although not the key factor responsible for the events of October 2019, contribute up to 35 % of the total effect on the northern part and 15 % on the southern part of the domain. The residual term on the northern part is important and provides a caveat when estimating dynamic and thermodynamic processes. Diagnosis of the MSE balance averaged over the northern part of western central Africa shows that the anomalous vertical motion is dominated by the dynamic effect, i.e., the wet enthalpy advection induced by the horizontal wind anomalies. This is confirmed by the high spatial correlation (r=0.6) between the two terms compared to the other terms, whereas to the west of the Congo Basin, the increase in the net energy balance dominated the changes in vertical motion (r=0.51). The horizontal advection of the MSE induced by the anomalies of the wet enthalpy and the vertical advection of the MSE induced by the anomalies of the MSE seem less important (r=0.29 and −0.19 to the north and −0.17 and 0.03 to the south). The strong anomalies in the MSE balance in the north are linked to its meridional component, in particular the meridional wind anomalies in the dynamic effect and the meridional anomalies in latent heat in the thermodynamic effect. Our results suggest that dynamic and thermodynamic effects should be jointly considered for adequately anticipating this kind of extreme event. Understanding the associated mechanisms could help us improve our forecasts and projections and increase the region's population resilience to these extreme weather events.
Comparing a Microprocessor to the Brain: Exploring Knowledge, Intelligence, and Consciousness in an Age of Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Choudhary Aditi
Published: November 2024

Brains and microprocessors, while seemingly distinct, share a profound complexity that challenges our understanding of both. In "Could a Neuroscientist Understand a Microprocessor?" by Eric Jonas and Konrad Paul Kording, this complexity is explored through a comparative analysis, raising questions about knowledge, complexity, and the relationship between humans and machines. The authors challenge the common analogy of brains as nature's computers, highlighting the struggle neuroscientists face in comprehending systems like microprocessors, despite their similar composition of billions of interconnected components. Jonas and Kording argue that the limitations of current neuroscience frameworks hinder a deep understanding of brain function, suggesting that methodologies from computer science could enhance the field. Their critique extends to fundamental philosophical debates about consciousness and intelligence, questioning what the difficulties in understanding complex systems reveal about the nature of knowledge. This essay dissects these limitations and their impact on our understanding of brain processes, advocating for an interdisciplinary approach to intelligence that encompasses both biological and artificial systems. By embracing the parallels between brains and microprocessors, we can advance a more comprehensive understanding of both.
Performa Termal Kondensor Udara pada Wind Tunnel: Evaluasi Perpindahan Panas
Authors: Saleh Yasya Khalif Perdana , Priyadi M. Untung Zaenal , Fikri Muhammad Luqman Saiful
Published: November 2024

Heat transfer in air condenser systems is a critical aspect in various industrial applications, especially refrigeration and air conditioning systems. The thermal efficiency of condensers is greatly influenced by airflow characteristics, but airflow velocity optimization remains a challenge due to the trade-off between improved heat transfer and energy consumption. Although previous research has examined various aspects of condenser design, there is still a need to explore the optimal limit of airflow velocity that can maximize thermal efficiency without excessively increasing system workload. This study aims to evaluate the thermal performance of an air condenser in a wind tunnel, focusing on the effects of airflow velocity variations on heat transfer rate and thermal efficiency. The experimental method uses a wind tunnel with dimensions of 280x28x28 cm, equipped with a precise temperature and flow velocity measurement system. The flow velocity was varied from 0.8 to 1.8 m/s. The results showed a significant increase in the heat transfer coefficient (h) and heat transfer rate (Q) as the flow velocity increased. Analysis of Reynolds and Nusselt numbers revealed the transition of the flow from laminar to turbulent, which contributed to the increase in heat transfer efficiency. Comparison of experimental results with simulations showed good agreement in the middle velocity range, but there were deviations at extreme velocities. In conclusion, increasing the airflow velocity proved effective in improving the thermal performance of the condenser, but further optimization is required to balance the thermal efficiency with the energy consumption of the system.
Michele Lobo, Eve Mayes, and Laura Bedford (Eds.) (2024) Planetary Justice: Stories and Studies of Action, Resistance and Solidarity. Bristol: Bristol University Press.
Authors: South Nigel
Published: November 2024

Nigel South reviews Planetary Justice: Stories and Studies of Action, Resistance and Solidarity by Michele Lobo, Eve Mayes, and Laura Bedford (Eds.).
An Exploration of Discharge Planning Practices in a Hospital in Indonesia
Authors:   , Primanda Yanuar
Published: November 2024

Effective discharge planning for patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) and families to enable continued care at home is critical. This research conceptualised DM discharge planning in the Indonesian context from the perspectives of nurses. The results found that most nurses had positive perceptions of the practice of DM discharge planning. Nonetheless, several personal, structural and system barriers hindered discharge planning practices. Findings point to ongoing social processes and interactions in constructing and reconstructing practices around DM discharge planning. The intricacy of broader political, economic, social contexts, medical dominance, and standardisation shaped DM discharge planning practices in a hospital setting.
EXPERIMENTS CONDUCTED IN THE MATHCAD SYSTEM IN THE TECHNOLOGY OF APPLYING A MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF MECHANICS PROBLEMS
Authors:   Pavlodar Pedagogical University, Pavlodar, Kazakhstan, Seitkhanova А.К. , Kozbagarova Zh.A. ,   Zhanabil Nurmanov named 198 school, Kyzylorda, Kazakhstan
Published: November 2024

The article "Experiments conducted in the Mathcad system using a mathematical model of problems in mechanics" uses the potential of the Mathcad system as a powerful tool for modeling and solving problems in mechanics. The paper examines the main methods of constructing mathematical models in Mathcad, including the definition of key principles, the formulation of the model and the choice of subsequent models of motion. Pay special attention to visualization of simulation results using graphs, diagrams and animations, which allows you to visualize the relationship between variables and parameters and analyze the simulation results. The article also describes the possibilities of conducting virtual experiments in Mathcad. It demonstrates how various physical states can be modeled, initial states, forces, materials can be changed, and the impact of these changes on the evaluation results can be analyzed. He also provides examples of solving practical problems of mechanics in Mathcad, including calculating the strength of structural elements, determining optimal parameters of parameters and modeling the operation of mechanisms. In conclusion, advantages of using Mathcad for solving problems of mechanics are considered, such as the accuracy of results, flexibility in data analysis and the possibility of conducting virtual experiments. The article examines the extent to which Mathcad is used as a tool for teaching, research and practical calculations in the field of mechanics.
Искусственный интеллект и инженерия знаний
Authors: Т.А. Гаврилова
Published: November 2024

В докладе обсуждаются противоречия двух основных парадигм в области искусственного интеллекта — нейросетевого и семантического. Рассматриваются базовые методологии индуктивного и дедуктивного подхода, а также дуализм наук о данных и знаниях как основы и драйвера интеллектуальных технологий.
Импликатуры как модель смыслового порождения
Authors: С.Т. Золян
Published: November 2024

В докладе будут проанализированы основные положения концепции Пола Грайса. Наша цель: 1) показать, что хотя и максимы, и импликатуры по отдельности существенны для понимания логико- и лингво-семантических характеристик вербальной коммуникации, но они плохо совместимы между собой; 2) предложить новое понимание импликатур как операций контекстно-управляемого окказионального смыслопорождения.