bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of lipid parameters on carotid artery disease progression in patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy and unoperated patients with non-severe carotid artery stenosis
Authors: Özsin Kadir Kaan , Sanrı Umut Serhat , Toktaş Faruk , Şeker İbrahim Burak , Yavuz Şenol
Published: September 2018

Objectives: We
aim to evaluate the relationship between serum lipid indices and carotid artery
stenosis (CAS). Methods: This
retrospective observational study included patients who underwent carotid
endarterectomy (CEA) and unoperated patients who have CAS less than 50%. CAS
was diagnosed with history and physical examination followed by doppler ultrasonography,
coronary and carotid angiography. All data retrieved retrospectively from the
hospital medical files. Non-high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (non-HDL-C)
level was calculated by removing HDL-C from total cholesterol. In addition,
low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C)/HDL-C ratio, non-HDL-C/HDL-C ratio,
and triglyceride (TG)/HDL-C ratio were assessed. Results: CEA group
(77.5% male, mean age: 71.35 ± 8.35 years) included 40 patients who underwent CEA,
and there were 32 patients who have less than 50% CAS in unoperated group (68.8%
male, mean age: 63.94 ± 9.92 years). The development of CAS was not
significantly correlated with LDL-C/HDL-C ratio (p = 0.119), non-HDL-C/HDL-C ratio (p = 0.227) and TG/HDL-C ratio (p
= 0.768). Advanced age and presence of coronary artery disease were
identified as an independent predictor of the development of CAS. For
predicting development of CAS, there were 50.0% sensitivity and 65.6%
specificity for LDL-C/HDL-C ratio and non-HDL-C/ HDL-C ratio (area under the
curve [AUC]: 0.592, log rank p = 0.183,
AUC: 0.583, log rank p = 0.227,
respectively).

Conclusions: We
found that lipid ratios were not an independent predictors of the development
of CAS. But, we think that AUC values which were above 0.5 for lipid ratios are
may be important development of CAS.
İşbirliğine Dayalı Öğrenme ve Öğrenme Amaçlı Mektup Yazma Aktivitesinin Öğretmen Adaylarının Kuvvet ve Hareket Konusunda Akademik Başarılarına ve Tutumlarına Etkisi
Authors: DAŞDEMİR İkramettin
Published: September 2018

Bu araştırmanın amacı; İşbirliğine Dayalı Öğrenme ve öğrenme amaçlı mektup yazma aktivitesinin matematik öğretmen adaylarının kuvvet ve hareket konusunda akademik başarılarına ve fizik dersine olan tutumlarına olan etkisini belirlemektir. Araştırmada yarı deneysel; ön test- son test yöntemi uygulanmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklemini, 2015-2016 eğitim öğretim yılında Ordu Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi İlköğretim Matematik Öğretmenliği 2. sınıfta öğrenim gören 55 öğretmen adayı oluşturmaktadır. Bu öğretmen adayları rastgele örneklemle iki gruba ayrılıp, bir grupta işbirlikli öğrenme teknikleri arasında yer alan karşılıklı sorgulama tekniği (n=24); diğer grupta ise öğrenme amaçlı mektup yazma aktivitesi (n=31) uygulanmıştır. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak Kuvvet ve Hareket Kavram Testi (KHKT) ve Fizik Tutum Ölçeği (FTÖ) kullanılmıştır. Araştırmaya başlamadan önce KHKT ve FTÖ ön test, araştırma tamamlandıktan sonra son -test olarak uygulandı. Araştırma sonunda hem karşılıklı sorgulama tekniği hem de öğrenme amaçlı mektup yazma grubundaki öğrencilerin KHKT son test puan ortalamaları ileön test puan ortalamaları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir farkın olduğu, FTÖ’nin son test puan ortalamalarıyla, ön test puan ortalamaları arasında ise istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir farkın olmadığı tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca iki grubun KHKT hem ön test hem de son test puan ortalamaları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir farklılığın olmadığı tespit edilmiştir. Bu çalışma farklı bir konu ve farklı bir örneklem üzerinde araştırılması önerilir.
A percep��o do paciente renal cr�nico sobre a viv�ncia em hemodi�lise
Authors: Castro Renata Ventura Ricoy de Souza , Lacerda Prata Rocha Renata , Macedo Araujo Bruna Fernanda , Fraga do Prado Karen , Soares de Carvalho Thais Fernanda
Published: September 2018

A hemodi�lise � o tratamento mais indicado para os pacientes com insufici�ncia renal cr�nica. Objetivo: Compreender a percep��o
do paciente portador de IRC que se submete a hemodi�lise, bem como conhecer os fatores que dificultam e/ou facilitam essa
experi�ncia e as estrat�gias de enfrentamento. M�todo: Por meio de uma pesquisa de campo, de delineamento qualitativo, foram
entrevistados nove pacientes que fazem hemodi�lise em um hospital geral particular de Belo Horizonte. Os dados foram analisados
segundo a t�cnica de an�lise de conte�do tem�tica. Resultados: O estudo evidenciou que, apesar dos benef�cios da hemodi�lise,
que impactam inclusive na melhora da qualidade de vida do paciente, a sua percep��o sobre o tratamento ainda � negativa,
considerando que restringe suas atividades di�rias. Somam-se os sentimentos de tristeza e revolta, envoltos � essa viv�ncia.
Destacam-se o apoio da fam�lia, a f� em Deus e apoio da pr�pria equipe de sa�de, como forma de enfrentar as dificuldades
advindas do tratamento. Conclus�o: Considerando esse impacto sobre a vida do paciente, � essencial ampliar o conhecimento e
compreens�o acerca dessa viv�ncia, a fim de que todos os envolvidos possam refletir sobre ela e, a partir da�, promover discuss�es
que poder�o, entre outros benef�cios, nortear a pr�tica, melhorar o entendimento, e qualificar a assist�ncia prestada.
A experi�ncia da mulher hospitalizada com o rec�m-nascido na unidade de terapia intensiva neonatal
Authors: Rocha Ludimila Laranjeiras Barros , Dittz Erika Da Silva , Duarte Elysangela Dittz , Da Costa Patricia Rodrigues
Published: September 2018

Objetivo: Conhecer a experi�ncia das pu�rperas de risco, hospitalizadas com o filho rec�m-nascido internado na unidade de terapia
intensiva neonatal. M�todo: Trata-se de uma pesquisa com abordagem qualitativa, de car�ter explorat�rio. Participaram do estudo
nove pu�rperas de risco, hospitalizadas. A coleta de informa��es ocorreu por meio de entrevista semi-estruturada e observa��o
participante, analisadas conforme referencial da An�lise de Conte�do. Resultados: Emergiram 3 categorias tem�ticas: as rela��es
estabelecidas durante a hospitaliza��o; a rede de apoio tecida pela pu�rpera de risco; os desafios enfrentados pela pu�rpera de
risco. Conclus�o: Durante o processo de interna��o da pu�rpera de risco e do seu rec�m-nascido, essa enfrenta desafios que
abrangem a lida com as mudan�as de percurso do parto, do nascimento e da constru��o da sua maternidade, impostas pela sua
condi��o cl�nica e do seu rec�m-nascido. O estudo aponta a necessidade de constru��o e fortalecimento de a��es de cuidado
voltadas ao bem-estar da pu�rpera de risco, hospitalizada e com o filho rec�m-nascido internado na unidade de terapia intensiva
neonatal.
Atividade educativa para m�es de beb�s prematuros como suporte para o cuidado
Authors: Bugs Bruna Maria , Viera Claudia Silveira , Rodrigues Rosa Maria , Conterno Solange De F�tima Reis , Santos N�bia Toniazzo dos
Published: September 2018

Objetivos: descrever o processo de elabora��o e desenvolvimento metodol�gico de atividade educativa realizada junto �s m�es de

prematuros hospitalizados e avaliar o grau de conhecimento materno sobre cuidados com o prematuro antes e ap�s a atividade

educativa. M�todos: estudo metodol�gico de proposta de atividade educativa sistematizada, avaliada por meio de pr� e p�s-teste

com m�es de prematuros hospitalizados. Resultados: 17 m�es participaram do estudo, com idade prevalente de 30 a 35 anos. Em

sua maioria, possu�am de 5 a 9 anos de estudos, eram casadas ou viviam em uni�o est�vel. No pr�-teste, as m�es acertaram, em

m�dia, 80% das quest�es e, ao t�rmino das atividades, acertaram, em m�dia, 93%. De modo geral, as participantes disseram que a

atividade educativa foi importante para solucionar d�vidas e aumentar a confian�a materna ao cuidar dos filhos prematuros.

Conclus�o: as atividades educativas realizadas mostraram ser uma tecnologia leve em sa�de para melhorar o conhecimento e o

empoderamento materno nos cuidados dos filhos pr�-termo.
Incidentes e eventos adversos no transporte intra-hospitalar em terapia intensiva
Authors: Silva Renata da , Amante Lucia Nazareth , Salum Nadia Chiodelli , Girondi Juliana Balbinot Reis , Sebold Luciara Fabiani
Published: September 2018

Objetivo: identificar os incidentes e eventos adversos no transporte intra-hospitalar em terapia intensiva. M�todo: estudo
descritivo, prospectivo, quantitativo, cuja coleta de dados ocorreu com 103 transportes e envolvendo 100 profissionais de sa�de
que atuavam em uma unidade de terapia intensiva de um hospital p�blico. Os dados foram obtidos por meio de um roteiro de
observa��o e analisados descritivamente. Resultados: a maioria dos incidentes encontrados foi com equipamentos e os eventos
adversos observados foram relativos �s altera��es fisiol�gicas. Conclus�o: o transporte intra-hospitalar � considerado um
procedimento de risco para o paciente, cujas complica��es podem ser minimizadas com a elabora��o de protocolos institucionais e
de capacita��es da equipe para realiza��o de um transporte seguro.
Propiedades del hormigón reciclado para el uso como soleras de hormigón en pavimentos industriales=Properties of recycled concrete to use as concrete slabs in industrial pavements
Authors: Morales M.A. , Pérez J.A. , Del Rio M. , Sánchez J.C. , Casbas J. , Gil D.
Published: September 2018

Resumen El presente estudio analiza el estado tensional de distintas placas delgadas apoyadas sobre terreno elástico empleando modelos de elementos finitos para distintos tipos de hormigones reciclados y de primer uso, distintos valores de las cargas y de las condiciones de apoyo del terreno, concluyendo que las tensiones que se obtienen en hormigones reciclados son aproximadamente un 4,5% menores que en hormigones fabricados con áridos de primer uso, en cualquiera de los casos analizados. Con los datos obtenidos para las tensiones, se han elaborado gráficas de dimensionamiento del espesor mínimo necesario en Estado Límite Último de flexión. Estas gráficas muestran menores espesores necesarios en el caso de hormigones reciclados, si bien las reducciones posibles no superan los 0,5 cm para las cargas analizadas. Otro aspecto a tener en cuenta es que, dado que el proceso de agotamiento por fatiga en el hormigón depende fundamentalmente de la máxima tensión alcanzada en el hormigón respecto de su capacidad resistente y no solo de la oscilación de tensiones, el hormigón reciclado permite alargar la vida útil de la estructura. Abstract The present study analyzes the tensional state of different thin plates supported on elastic terrain using finite element models for different types of recycled and first-use concretes, different values of loads and ground support conditions, concluding that the tensions that are obtained in recycled concretes are approximately 4.5% lower than in concrete made with aggregates of first use, in any of the cases analyzed. With the data obtained for the tensions, graphs of sizing of the minimum thickness necessary in Ultimate Limit State of flexion have been drawn up. These graphs show lower thicknesses required in the case of recycled concretes, although the possible reductions do not exceed 0.5 cm for the loads analyzed. Another aspect to be taken into account is that, given that the fatigue depletion process in concrete depends mainly on the maximum tension reached in the concrete with respect to its resistant capacity and not only the tension oscillation, the recycled concrete allows to extend the useful life of the structure.
Eradicate Rabies with Mass Parental Vaccination, Human Post-Exposure Prophylaxis, and Gene Therapy: A Systematic Review
Authors: Nelwan Martin L.
Published: September 2018

Aims: To review canine rabies, mass parental vaccination, human post-exposure prophylaxis, gene therapy and costs for fighting rabies. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Animal Science – Other, Nelwan Institution for Human Resource Development, Indonesia, between December 2017 and March 2018. Methodology: The author searched the Pubmed Database at NCBI for articles on rabies disease published between 2007 and 2018. All articles were open access and in English. For rabies virus examination, Seller’s test was used. In this article, references written by the author and other relevant publications were included. The author reviewed a rabies dog case kept at Nelwan Institution for Human Resource Development. Results: The dog showed clinical signs such as inappetance, urinary frequency and soaking in a small, juicy drain. Currently, to treat rabies, no drugs are available. For rabies prevention, vaccination is the best way. To eradicate rabies, mass vaccination in dogs, post-exposure prophylaxis, and gene therapy should be used.  Fort rabies disease eradication, minimum of 70% of the dog population should receive the vaccination. In addition, humans with category II exposure should receive a rabies vaccine and rabies immunoglobulin. Conclusion: To eradicate rabies, vaccinations are required. In addition, gene therapy can eliminate rabies from the infected neurons by using rAAV-N796. CRISPR/Cas9 system in combination with the MMEJ-based method. Furthermore, mass parental vaccination, post-exposure prophylaxis, and gene therapy can reduce costs in controlling rabies disease.
Exploiting Read/Write Asymmetry to Achieve Opportunistic SRAM Voltage Switching in Dual-Supply Near-Threshold Processors
Authors: Gu Yunfei , Yan Dengxue , Verma Vaibhav , Wang Pai , Stan Mircea R. , Zhang Xuan
Published: September 2018

Energy-efficient microprocessors are essential for a wide range of applications. While near-threshold computing is a promising technique to improve energy efficiency, optimal supply demands from logic core and on-chip memory are conflicting. In this paper, we perform static reliability analysis of 6T SRAM and discover the variance among different sizing configuration and asymmetric minimum voltage requirements between read and write operations. We leverage this asymmetric property in near-threshold processors equipped with voltage boosting capability by proposing an opportunistic dual-supply switching scheme with a write aggregation buffer. Our results show that proposed technique improves energy efficiency by more than 21.45% with approximate 10.19% performance speed-up.
Impact of Maternal Air Pollution Exposure on Children’s Lung Health: An Indian Perspective
Authors: Saha Pritam , Johny Ebin , Dangi Ashish , Bhagwan Shinde , Eapen Mathew , Sohal Sukhwinder , Naidu VGM , Sharma Pawan
Published: September 2018

Air pollution has become a growing invisible killer in recent years and is major cause of morbidity and mortality globally. India stands 10th among the highly polluted countries with an average PM10 level of 134μg/m3 per year. It is also reported that 99% of India's population comes across air pollution level that exceed the World Health Organization Air Quality Guideline (AQG), PM2.5 permissible levels of 10 μg/m3. Maternal exposure to air pollution has a serious health outcome to the offspring because it can affect embryonic phases of development during the gestation period. Fetus is more prone to air pollution effect during embryonic developmental phases due to oxidative stress as antioxidant mechanisms are lacking at that stage. Any injury during this vulnerable period (embryonic phase) will have long-term impact on offspring health both in early and later in life. Epidemiological studies have revealed that maternal exposure to air pollution increases the risk of developing airways disease in offspring due to impaired lung development in utero. In this review, we discuss cellular mechanisms involved in maternal exposure to air pollution and how it can impact development of airways disease in offspring. Better understanding of these mechanisms in context of maternal exposure to air pollution can offer newer avenue to prevent development of airways disease in offspring.
Carbon Dioxide Emissions, Energy Consumption and Economic Growth: A Comparative Empirical Study of Selected Developed and Developing Countries. The Role of Exergy.
Authors: Arango-Miranda Raúl , Hausler Robert , Romero-Lopez Rabindranarth , Glaus Mathias , Ibarra-Zavaleta Sara P.
Published: September 2018

Diverse factors may have an impact in Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions; thus, three main contributors, energy consumption, exergy indicator and gross domestic product (GDP) are examined in this work. This study explores the relationship between economic growth and energy consumption by means of the hypothesis postulated for the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC). Panel data for 10 countries, from 1971 to 2014 have been studied. Despite all this wide gamma of research, the role of an exergy variable has not been tested to find the EKC; then exergy analysis is proposed. Exergy analyses were developed to propose an exergetic indicator as a control variable and a comparative empirical study is developed to study a multivariable framework with the aim to detect correlations between them. High correlation between CO2, GDP, energy consumption, energy intensity and trade openness are observed, conversely not statistically significant values for trade openness and energy intensity. The results do not support the EKC hypothesis, however exergy intensity opens the door for future research once it proves to be a useful control variable. Exergy provides opportunities to analyze and implement energy and environmental policies in these countries, with the possibility to link exergy efficiencies and the use of renewables.
Forecast Horizon and Solar Variability Influences on the Performances of Multiscale Hybrid Forecast Model (MHFM)
Authors: Monjoly Stéphanie , Calif Rudy , André Maina , Soubdhan Ted
Published: September 2018

In this paper, the forecast horizon and solar variability influences on MHFM model based on multiscale decomposition, AR and NN models, are studied. This article follows the works published in [1] showing the performance of the MHFM using 3 multiscale decomposition methods and a forecast horizon equal to 1 hour. Several forecast horizon strategies and his influence on the MHFM performances are investigated. We show that the best strategy for a rRMSE variying from $4.43\%$ to $10.24\%$ is obtained for forecast horizons from $5$ minutes to $6$ hours. In a second part, the solar variability influence on the MHFM is studied. A classification based on a shows that the best performance of MHFM is obtained for clear sky days with a rRMSE of $2.91\%$ and worst for cloudy sky days with a rRMSE of $6.73\%$.
Mechanical Properties of Innovative Multi-layer Composite Laminated Panels
Authors: Niederwestberg Jan , Zhou Jianhui , Chui Ying-Hei
Published: September 2018

Cross-laminated timber (CLT) possesses both good shape stability and the possible two-way force transfer ability due to its crosswise lamination. However, the transverse layers in CLT are prone to rolling shear failure under an out-of-plane load. An innovative multi-layer composite laminated panel (CLP) was developed by combining structural composite lumber (SCL) and dimension lumber to overcome the rolling shear failure while maintaining high mechanical performance and aesthetic appearance of natural wood. The mechanical properties of 5-layer CLP consisted of laminated strand lumber (LSL) and dimension lumber with different layups were evaluated by both static and modal tests. The results showed that the shear resistance, bending stiffness and moment resistance of CLP were up to 143%, 43% and 87% higher than their counterparts of regular CLT, respectively. The failure modes observed in both shear and bending tests indicated that the use of LSL in transverse layers could eliminate the potential rolling shear failure in CLT. With the lamination properties from components tests as inputs, the validity of shear analogy method was assessed by test results. The mechanical properties can be well predicted by shear analogy method except for the bending moment resistance of CLP and CLT with either rolling failure in the cross layer or tension failure in the bottom layer.
The Pro-Oxidant Activity of Pheomelanin Is Significantly Enhanced by UVA Irradiation: Benzothiazole Moieties Are More Reactive than Benzothiazine Moieties
Authors: Tanaka Hitomi , Yamashita Yui , Umezawa Kana , Hirobe Tomohisa , Ito Shosuke , Wakamatsu Kazumasa
Published: September 2018

It is known that eumelanin (EM) is photoprotective while pheomelanin (PM) is phototoxic. A recent study using a mouse model demonstrated that PM produces reactive oxygen species (ROS) that cause DNA damage and eventually lead to melanomagenesis. A biochemical study showed that PM possesses a pro-oxidant activity. PM consists of benzothiazine (BT) and benzothiazole (BZ) moieties, the former being transformed to the latter by heat or light. In this study, we compared the effects of ultraviolet A (UVA) irradiation using synthetic PMs with different BT to BZ ratios and using various coat color mouse hairs. We found that UVA irradiation of BZ-PM increased glutathione (GSH) consumption and generated more H2O2 than UVA irradiation of BT-PM. Non-irradiated controls did not exhibit strong pro-oxidant activities. Upon UVA irradiation, yellow mouse hairs oxidized GSH and produced H2O2 faster than black or albino mouse hairs. Next, to examine the mechanism of the pro-oxidant activity of BT-PM and BZ-PM, we examined the pro-oxidant activities of 7-(2-amino-2-carboxyethyl)-dihydro-1,4-benzothiazine-3-carboxylic acid (DHBTCA) and 6-(2-amino-2-carboxyethyl)-4-hydroxybenzothiazole (BZ-AA) as BT and BZ monomers, respectively. Their pro-oxidant activities were similar, but a large difference was seen in the effects of ROS scavengers, which suggests that the redox reactions may proceed via singlet oxygen in BZ-AA and via superoxide anions in DHBTCA. These results show that UVA enhances the pro-oxidant activity of PM, in particular BZ-PM.
Epidemiology of Hepatitis B in Bangladesh: Prevalence Among General Population, Risk Groups, and Genotype Distribution
Authors: uz-Zaman Md. Hassan , Rahman Ayesha , Yasmin Mahmuda
Published: September 2018

Despite a considerable body of published research on Hepatitis B in Bangladesh, researchers continue to lament the lack of reliable information about Hepatitis B epidemiology. The present review aims to provide a comprehensive survey of the literature with particular focus on a number of epidemiological questions, as well as a commentary on the trends of Hepatitis B research as it has taken place in Bangladesh. The key themes to emerge from this review are: first, beyond noting a declining trend, it is difficult to provide conclusive estimates about Hepatitis B prevalence in the general population of Bangladesh. The majority of the studies, even the ones conducted on apparently healthy populations, fail to be adequately representative for the reasons explored in the article. Secondly, Hepatitis B in Bangladesh is sharply stratified across sociodemographic lines, which speaks to the role of awareness and risk exposure in Hepatitis B prevalence. Third, more research on occult infection rates is required to estimate the extent of risk posed by the current blood donation screening program, which relies exclusively on Hepatitis B surface antigen as a biomarker. The same considerations apply for the comparative importance of vertical vs. horizontal transmission, and prevalence among particular risk groups like healthcare workers with high occupational exposure. Finally, while recent studies do allow us, albeit with some ambiguity, to draw conclusions about distribution of Hepatitis B genotypes in Bangladesh, there needs to be an added emphasis on molecular epidemiology. It is hoped that the present review, the first of its kind in Bangladesh, will serve as an up-to-date summary of the course Hepatitis B epidemiology research in Bangladesh has taken thus far, as well as crucial gaps to address going forward.
Quantitative Evaluation of Twelve Major Components of Astragali Radix Sulfur-Fumigated with Different Durations by UPLC-MS
Authors: Xiaoyan Xing , Zhonghao Sun , Meihua Yang , Nailiang Zhu , Junshan Yang , Guoxu Ma , Xudong Xu
Published: September 2018

In this study, an improved UPLC-MS method for simultaneously quantifying twelve major components belonging to two chemical types was developed and validated, and was applied to quantitatively compare the quality of Astragali Radix sulfur-fumigated with different durations and the fresh reference sample. The results showed that the contents of triterpenes Astragaloside III and Astragaloside IV decreased moderately, while the flavonoids calycosin, formononetin, and 7,2'-dihydroxy-3',4'-dimethoxyisoflavane decreased significantly, and its corresponding flavonoid glycosides increased accordingly, which indicatied that the happening of chemical transformation of flavonoids and glycosides in the sulfur-fumigated process. These transformations were further confirmed by the the synthesis of flavonoid glycosides under the simulated sulphur-fumigation circumstances. Furthermore, the sulfur-fumigated duration had a proportional relationship with the contents of compounds 7, 11, and 12. All these results suggested that the established method was precise, accurate and sensitive enough for the global quality evaluation of sulfur-fumigated Astragali Radix, and sulfur-fumigation can not only change the proportions of bioactive components, but also cause the chemical transformation in the Astragali Radix.
Sleep in Hospitalized Patients
Authors: Morse Anne , Bender Evin
Published: September 2018

Hospitalized patients frequently have disordered and poor-quality sleep due to a variety of both intrinsic and extrinsic factors. These include frequent nighttime intrusions, insomnia related to pain and unfamiliar environments, dark conditions during the day with loss of natural light, and disruption of natural sleep cycle due to illness. Sleep wake disturbances can result in deleterious consequence on physical, emotional and cognitive status, which may impact patient satisfaction, clinical recovery, and hospital length of stay. Despite this, clinicians frequently fail to document sleep disturbances and are generally unaware of best practices to improve sleep quality in the hospital. The purpose of this review is to discuss sleep disturbances in hospitalized patients with a focus on causes of sleep disturbance, effect of poor quality sleep, high risk populations, considerations for surveillance and prevention, as well as pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic options for treatment.
Consumer Behaviour on the Market of Cultural Services in Developing Central European Countries: On the Example of Poland
Authors: Wróblewski Łukasz , Dacko-Pikiewicz Zdzisława
Published: September 2018

This is a theoretical and empirical article. Basic issues related to consumer behaviour on the market of cultural services are presented in the first part of the article. The second part presents the brief characteristics of consumers of cultural services in Poland, as well as an analysis of their market behaviour. For this purpose, surveys were conducted on a group of 2599 consumers of the cultural offer. Research was conducted in Katowice - the largest city in the Silesia region in Poland. The article also highlights the main trends in consumer behaviour on the market of cultural services in Poland in particular: increasing mobility of the consumers of the cultural offer, growing diversity in the methods of acquiring information about cultural events and increase in the importance (purchasing power) of consumers in the retirement age in the market of cultural services. In the last part of article authors indicate on the resulting implications for sustainable cultural management in Poland - particularly marketing.
EU Geography of Non-Performing Loans (NPL)
Authors: Avetisyan Sergey
Published: September 2018

Over the past decade, the credit quality of loan portfolios across most countries in the world remained relatively stable until the financial crises hit the global economy in 2007–2008. In this paper I discuss, the relationship between non-performing loans and economic landscape. Since 2008, nonperforming loans have been an increasingly hot topic in the international scene, due to their important and rising volume and their impact on the economy as a whole, on the banking system and on its credit supply. Since then, average bank asset quality deteriorated sharply due to the global economic recession. Yet the deterioration of loan performance was very uneven across countries. I am interested in explaining these differences in bank asset quality across countries and over time. In this paper, I therefore study the empirical determinants of non-performing loan (NPL) ratios using a data set for EU countries covering the past decade. The paper assumes that the spatial organization of banking systems and the geographical distribution of comercial banks branches, ATMs and GDP growth are major factors influencing the effectiveness in credit system. The aim of this paper is to construct a continuous and quantifiable model, which will demonstrate a role of economic condition, technology, competition, policy, business climate in Financial Stability. Main hypotheses suggests, that GDP growth, interest rate, new business, FDI, ATMs and geographical distribution of branches have an influences on NPL (non-performing loans).
Consumer Preferences on the Coffee Market in Developing Central European Countries: On the Example of Poland
Authors: Wróblewski Łukasz , Maciejewski Grzegorz , Mokrysz Sylwia
Published: September 2018

The article addresses the issue of consumer preferences for types of coffee in Poland (ground coffee, instant coffee, coffee beans, instant coffee mixes and instant cappuccino). The main source of the study is the results of primary research conducted using a structured interview (CAPI—Computer Assisted Personal Interview) on a nationwide sample of 800 coffee consumers. The research was conducted by Grupa IQS Sp. z o.o. from Warsaw in January 2016 for the MOKATE Group based on the assumptions and guidelines developed by the authors of the article. The main purpose of the article is to present the identified coffee consumer preferences in Poland with regard to various kinds of coffee. The results of the research which have been included in the article indicate, among others, ongoing changes in the preferences of Polish consumers regarding their coffee choices. They prove that Polish consumers are drinking ground coffee more and more often. The consumption of instant coffee is decreasing.
Detailed Modeling of the Direct Reduction of Iron Ore in a Shaft Furnace
Authors: Hamadeh Hamzeh , Mirgaux Olivier , Patisson Fabrice
Published: September 2018

This paper addresses the modeling of the iron ore direct reduction process in the context of the reduction in CO2 emissions from the steel industry. The shaft furnace is divided into three sections (reduction, transition, and cooling), and the model is two-dimensional (cylindrical geometry for the upper sections and conical geometry for the lower one) to correctly describe the lateral gas feed and the cooling gas outlet. This model relies on a detailed description of the main physical-chemical and thermal phenomena using a multi-scale approach. The moving bed is assumed to be comprised of pellets of grains and crystallites. Eight heterogeneous and two homogeneous chemical reactions are taken into account. The local mass, energy and momentum balances are numerically solved using the finite volume method. This model was successfully validated by simulating the shaft furnaces of two direct reduction plants of different capacities. The calculated results reveal the detailed interior behavior of the shaft furnace operation. Eight different zones can be distinguished according to their predominant thermal and reaction characteristics. An important finding is the presence of a central zone of lesser temperature and conversion.
Toward a Comprehensive and Efficient Robust Optimization Framework for (Bio)chemical Processes
Authors: Xie Xiangzhong , Schenkendorf René , Krewer Ulrike
Published: September 2018

Model-based design has received considerable attention in biological and chemical industries over the last two decades. However, the parameter uncertainties of first-principle models are critical in model-based design and have led to the development of robustification concepts. Various strategies were introduced to solve the robust optimization problem. Most approaches suffer from either unreasonable computational expense or low approximation accuracy. Moreover, they are not rigorous and do not consider robust optimization problems where parameter correlation and equality constraints exist. In this work, we propose a highly efficient framework for solving robust optimization problems with the so-called point estimation method (PEM). The PEM has a fair trade-off between computation expense and approximation accuracy and can be easily extended to problems of parameter correlations. From a statistical point of view, moment-based methods are used to approximate robust inequality and equality constraints. We also suggest employing the information from global sensitivity analysis to further simplify robust optimization problems with a large number of uncertain parameters. We demonstrate the performance of the proposed framework with two case studies where one is to design a heating/cooling profile for the essential part of a continuous production process and the other is to optimize the feeding profile for a fed-batch reactor of the penicillin fermentation process. The results reveal that the proposed approach can be used successfully for complex (bio)chemical problems in model-based design.
Mesoporous Silica Modified Luminescent Gd2O3:Eu Nanoparticles: Physicochemical and Luminescence Properties
Authors: Aldalbahi Ali , Rahaman Mostafizur , Ansari Anees
Published: September 2018

Highly colloidal Eu-doped Gd2O3 nanoparticles(core-NPs) were synthesized by thermal decomposition via weak base at low temperature (150oC), subsequently, silica layers were deposited to increased colloidal stability, solubility, biocompatibility and no-toxicity at the environmental condition. XRD results indicate the highly purified, crystalline, single phase cubic phase Gd2O3 nanocrystals. TEM image shows the mesoporous thick silica layer was effectively coated over the core nanocrystals, which have irregular size with nearly spherical shape and a mean grain size is about 10-30 nm. Absorption spectra and zeta potential results in aqueous media revealed that solubility, colloidal stability, and biocompatibility character was enhanced from core to core-shell structure because of silica layer surface encapsulation. The samples demonstrate excellent photoluminescence properties (dominant emission 5D0→7F2 transition in red region at 610 nm) indicated the advantage to use in optical bio-detection and bio-labeling etc. The photoluminescence intensity of the silica shell modified core/shell nanoparticles were suppressed relatively core-nanoparticles, it indicates the multi-photon relaxation pathways arising from the surface coated high vibrational energy molecules of the silanol groups. The core/nSiO2/mSiO2 nanocrystals display strong emission (5D0→7F2) transition along with excellent solubility and biocompatibility, which may find promising applications in photonic based biomedical applications.
Role of Linear Programming Based Cropland Allocation to Enhance Performance of Smallholder Crop Production: A Pilot Study on Abaro Kebele, Shashemene Zuria District, West Arsi Zone, Oromiya Regional State, Ethiopia
Authors: Mellaku Meselu , Reynolds Travis , Woldeamanuel Teshale
Published: September 2018

Crop production is a major livelihood activity of smallholders in Ethiopia. However, it is often characterized by low performance. In an effort to improve crop production, a series of agricultural extension programs have been running in Ethiopia since the 1950s. Nevertheless, the performance of agriculture is still low. In this study, it is argued that the limited attention given to cropland allocation methodologies is one of the major causes of low performance of crop production and increased environmental degradation. This study used linear programming to examine the role and impacts of cropland allocation methods on performance of crop production. The data for this study was drawn from household survey of 75 randomly selected households combined with focus-grouped discussion, key informant interview, and secondary data. In the current conventional cropland allocation, households were not able to meet their household consumption. The average profitability of farms under current practice was found significantly below than estimated optimal level of profit that could be realized using linear programming. In addition, it uncovered that low performance of crop production (in terms of meeting household consumption demand and profitability) is the primary cause that limited the effort of households to participate in environmental and natural resource management. This study suggests the use of linear programming-based cropland allocation to enhance the profit performance of smallholder crop production, meeting household consumption requirement, and thereby promote sustainable utilization of natural and environmental resources.
Multifunctional Biodegradable Polymers with Room Temperature Self-Healing and Rewritable Shape Memory Properties via Diels-Alder Reaction
Authors: Cai Shenyang , Qiang Zhe , Zeng Chao , Ren Jie
Published: September 2018

Here, we present a series of novel block copolymers (BCP) from bio-derived monomers, poly(lactic acid)-block-poly(2,5-furandimethylene succinate) (PLA-b-PFS), in which the furan groups from PFS block can be crosslinked with bis(maleimido) triethylene glycol (M2) through a Diels-Alder reaction. This dynamic crosslinking reaction leads to a network structure for enhancing the mechanical properties compared to their linear BCP analogous. Decreasing the crosslinking density leads to a decrease of glass transition temperature of BCPs and a transition from glassy to rubbery-like behavior at room temperature. This allows a wide tunablity of both elastic moduli and yields of the materials. For the lowest crosslinking density. the material exhibits an over 50% self-healing efficiency at room temperature after five days, attributed to the low Tg (15.2 C) from the introduction of PFS block, allowing sufficient chain mobility for structure re-organization. Moreover, with the appropriate selection of crosslinking density (PLA-b-PFS/M2 (6/1)), it also shows an excellent shape memory property with a high recovery rate of 96.3% and a fixity rate of 97.3%. The permanent shape can be rewriteable due to the reversibility of Diels-Alder reaction. With these advanced functionalities and ease in large-scale fabrication, the PLA-b-PFS/M2 shows great promises for self-healing coatings or films with shape memory properties in a wide variety of applications such as packaging materials
Presentación
Authors: Restrepo Escobar Sandra Milena
Published: September 2018

La revista Drugs and Addictive Behavior, encargada de la divulgación de textos de carácter científico, ha puesto su interés en la publicación de artículos sobre el consumo de sustancias psicoactivas y las adicciones comportamentales, tanto como de las áreas de intervención, especialmente la prevención.El número actual, correspondiente al periodo julio-diciembre de 2018, presenta seis artículos de investigación, un estudio de caso y un texto de revisión teórica, a los que se suma una editorial centrada en “las internets de e-Salud” como nuevas formas de intervención mediadas por el uso de tecnologías.
Principios psicopedagógicos de Feuerstein para la atención en crisis de familias con enfermos alcohólicos: estudio de caso realizado en Costa Rica
Authors: Alpízar Jiménez Lizzy
Published: September 2018

El artículo presenta la síntesis de una investigación cualitativa de un enfoque fenomenológico, cuyo método es el estudio de caso de una familia que tiene un miembro alcohólico interno en el Hogar Salvando al Alcohólico de Goicoechea (San José, Costa Rica).  En el siguiente escrito, se pretende exponer la atención familiar en los momentos críticos del proceso de internamiento del alcohólico, a partir del diagnóstico de necesidades de atención familiar realizado a los internos del centro, los familiares inmediatos del caso en estudio, personal administrativo y encargados de las terapias. Por otro lado, se busca describir tanto el estado emocional de la familia durante la institucionalización del enfermo y en el momento de egreso, como las herramientas de intervención utilizadas desde la teoría de Modificabilidad Estructural Cognitiva de Reuven Feuerstein y sus principios para la atención-mediación con el núcleo familiar. De manera que, al implementar los doce parámetros de la Experiencia de Aprendizaje Mediado a través de diversas técnicas cualitativas, se valore el avance en conocimiento, la formación y la reacción de la familia hacia la enfermedad del alcoholismo y su miembro alcohólico; además, el involucramiento en grupos de ayuda para los alcohólicos y los codependientes, de forma que se puedan sanar aspectos dañados en la familia. Estos antecedentes quedan para futuros trabajos con familias que tienen miembros alcohólicos en proceso de aceptación de su enfermedad.
OPIS ŚWIĄTYNI MĄDROŚCI BOŻEJ W KONSTANTYNOPOLU PROKOPIUSZA Z CEZAREI – MIĘDZY HISTORIOGRAFIĄ A RETORYKĄ
Authors: Garnczarska Magdalena
Published: September 2018

The sixth-century historian Procopius of Caesarea described the church of Hagia Sophia in Constantinople in his treatise „Περὶ κτισμάτων” (“On Buildings”). The text about Hagia Sophia is the only surviving historical source for the original Justinianic edifice before the collapse of its first dome in 558. This detailed and elaborate description of the church is an example of ekphrasis. Ekphrasis is a rhetorical technique which makes the described object visible. In this paper I will attempt to analyse how far Procopius' description is a rhetorical exercise, and how far it is a trustworthy historical source.
DZIAŁALNOŚĆ USTAWODAWCZA KSIĘCIA MAZOWIECKIEGO JANUSZA I STARSZEGO 1381-1429
Authors: Herod Patrycja
Published: September 2018

The article presents the legislative activity of Janusz I of Warsaw who from 1381 was an independent ruler of the Eastern Mazovia. It also offers an analysis of 15 legal instruments including 14 statutes and one landed privilege, which is the oldest known act of this type from the region of Mazovia delivered 21st June 1414 in Nowe Miasto for both the Czersk and Warsaw nobility. The article further deals with the division of specific regulations into criminal and private law, which includes marriage and family law, the law of succession, property law, obligations, the right of peasants to leave a village belonging to a feudal master as well as  court proceedings. The article finishes with the presentation of the research results.
JAN KAPISTRAN W „ANNALES...” JANA DŁUGOSZA
Authors: Kowalska Barbara
Published: September 2018

Jan Długosz in his cards made a presentation of Annales…fifteenth century priest and reformer – Jan Kapistran. My purpose was to show the characteristic this person, something valued by chronicle writers. Długosz used different methods, to convince the reader about theconcepts of hero sainthood, for example descriptions such as: famous, reverend, smart-which come from the catalog, which were used by the author many times, symbolical, numbers – three, forty, a hundred, which enforce belief, that next to Jan amazing things are happening. Miracle making, prediction, healing, gift of tiers most appeared in this source biography. Comparing the preacher to St. Augustine strengthened the belief in the sanctity of the hero.
ANTONI MESSING, WSPÓŁTWÓRCA POMNIKA NAJŚWIĘTSZEJ MARYI PANNY PRZED KOŚCIOŁEM REFORMATÓW I SERII WZOROWANYCH NA NIM NAGROBKÓW WZNIESIONYCH NA CMENTARZACH WARSZAWY
Authors: Wiraszka Marta
Published: September 2018

Antoni Messing (ca. 1821-1867) the owner of the stone workshop located in Warsaw on 6 Powązkowska Street (mtge. 27C) is currently most famous for one monument- the Statue of the Virgin Mary of Immaculate Conception which was placed in front of the Church of St Antony of Padua on Senatorska Street (1851). What made this monument different from other independently standing monuments was the use of lanterns which at evening time illuminated the statue of the Virgin (1853). The innovative idea spread not only around Warsaw, but also outside the city boundaries.            References to the monument elevated by Messing were not limited to the way and form of illuminating the statue. The inventory research conducted on Warsaw cemeteries enable the extraction of a group of tombstones imitating the shape and the decor of the plinth of the statue of the Virgin. The number of examples of this collection of tombstones numbers 19. Their execution dates back to the period 1853-1874 - with one exception only, all of them were elevated during the period of Antoni Messing’s ownership of the stone workshop. All of them represent the same commemoration in the form of a crucifix located on a plinth. Examples can be separated into two groups. One, comprising 8 tombstones, the closest to the original, the other, comprising 11 examples preserves the architectural structure without the sculptural decor. The origin of the formal concept is to be traced in the project of Henryk Marconi’s garden vase designed for Wilanowski Park (ca. 1845-1851) as well as the finishing elements of the Stanisław and Antoni Potocki’s tombstones. Consequently, the contribution of Messing consists in the creation of the series of tombstones modeled on the statue of the Virgin Mary rather than the originality of the project.
FASCYNACJA LUDEM JANA LUDWIKA POPŁAWSKIEGO
Authors: Kowalczyk Michał
Published: September 2018

Jan Ludwik Popławski (1854-1908) was one of the fathers of the Polish National Democratic ideology in the late 19th and early 20th century. He was particularly fascinated with matters pertaining to the common people, and especially Polish peasantry. He considered them to be the genuine Poles, free of foreign influences. It is worth pointing out that that he also served as an inspiration to Roman Dmowski, the founder of the National Democracy movement and one of the leaders whose efforts secured Polish independence. According to Popławski, the Polish gentry were servile to the powers occupying Poland. He therefore hoped that the common people would play a greater role in the political life of the nation.
SKŁADNICE ZBIORÓW PRUSKIEJ BIBLIOTEKI PAŃSTWOWEJ NA DOLNYM ŚLĄSKU W CZASIE II WOJNY ŚWIATOWEJ
Authors: Kudelski Jarosław Robert
Published: September 2018

German cultural institutions had been conducting preparations to secure their collections in the event of a war since mid-1930s. The Prussian State Library, the holdings of which included the most precious German manuscripts and prints, was one of those institutions. Air attacks carried out on the capital of the Third Reich triggered the decision to evacuate the collection to Thüringen, Brandenburg, Pomerania and Lower Silesia. Largest deposits had been located in the latter. The unique heritage items stored there included medieval manuscripts, prayer books, music autographs and newspaper yearbooks as well as letters and private documents of many prominent representatives of German culture and art. Those items were evacuated, among other places, to Fürstenstein (Książ) Gießmannsdorf (Gościszów), Gröditzburg (Grodziec), Grüssau (Krzeszów), Fischbach (Karpniki) and Hirschberg (Jelenia Góra). The evacuation was conducted in cooperation with the heritage conservator for Lower Silesia, professor Günther Grundmann. With his assistance, in the course of a few years, a unique collection was created in Lower Silesia. Towards the end of the war the collection was deprived of proper care, as the authorities lacked resources to secure it. This resulted in the destruction of some items during military actions. The remaining parts of the collection had been taken over by Polish officials and were transferred to library collections in Krakow, Warszawa, Olsztyn, Toruń, Lublin and Łódź.