bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Profitability Condition With Stylized Fact of Banking Industries in Indonesia, Malaysia and Thailand
Authors: Malini Helma
Published: March 2021

The survival of banking industries are determined by many factor including profitability earn during the years. Therefore, this study investigates factors affecting profitability of banks in ASEAN. This study uses 10 banks with the largest assets in Indonesia, Malaysia and Thailand with sample studies of 30 banks in ASEAN with 10 years of operationalization duration. Return on assets (ROA) is the dependent variable and the independent variables used are non-performing loans (NPL), capital adequacy ratios (CAR), total assets (Size), loan-to-deposit ratio (LDR), domestic product growth gross (GDP growth), inflation, interest rates and exchange rates.
Data is processed using panel data regression with the Cochrance Orcutt method on the basis of the Common and Fixed Effect Model with the combination of stylized facts among each countries. The final results of this study are varied among countries. In Indonesia only NPLs have a significant significance of ROA, which is a significant negative. In Malaysia, only the exchange rate is significant to ROA, which is a significant negative. In Thailand, only NPI has a significant effect on ROA, which is a significant negative. Overall in Southeast Asia, only NPLs, interest rates and exchange rates significantly affect ROA, which is a significant negative. In other independent variables, it does not have a significant effect on ROA.
Firm Size As A Moderation Factor: Testing The Relationship of Capital Structure With Dividend Policy
Authors: Akhmadi Akhmadi , Mahmudi Bambang , Muksin Moh , Suhendra Indra , F Rina
Published: March 2021

This study examines size as a variable that can strengthen and weaken the relationship between debt policy and dividend policy. Presearch using a sample of 26 companies  of 65 population Basic industrial and chemical manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2011-2015, which is determined by purposive technique. The variables observed include debt policy as an independent variable, dividend policy as the dependent variable, and firm size as a moderating variable. The analysis tool uses regression moderating analysis (MRA). The results prove that the Debt to Asset Ratio (DAR) has a negative and insignificant effect on the Dividend Payout Ratio (DPR), firm size negatively moderates and there is a significant relationship between capital structure and dividend policy.
Surgical Anatomy of Variations in Sphenoid Sinus Pneumatisation using Computerized Tomograph
Authors: Abdulhameed Aliu , Sirajo Shiitu Bello
Published: March 2021

Background: The cavity of the sphenoid sinus is a natural surgical route for accessing the middle cranial fossa. The extent of pneumatisation of the sphenoid is key to the preoperative evaluation of transsphenoidal, surgical procedures. Aim: To determine the prevalence and variations in the extent of pneumatisation of the body of the sphenoid bone using computerised tomography (CT). Methodology: Head CT scans of 323 patients were studied at the Radiology Department of the Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto, after ethical approval was granted. The CT scans were taken with a GE Bright Speed Multidetector Helical CT Scanner, and viewed with the Digital Imaging and Communication in Medicine (DICOM) viewer, powered by RadiAnt Version 4.2 software. Sphenoid sinus pneumatisation was defined by the anteroposterior extent of the sinus cavity of the sphenoid bone on sagittal images. The extent of pneumatisation was classified into four; conchal, presellar, sellar and postsellar, based on the position of the posterior wall of the cavity in relation to the anterior and posterior walls of the sellar turcica. Results: The predominant type of pneumatisation was the postsellar. The prevalence of the different types of pneumatisation were: postsellar, 50.2%, sellar, 32.0%, presellar, 14.7%, and conchal, 3.1%. There was no statistically significant relationship between pneumati- sation and sex (X2 = 0.585), or age (X2 = 0.076). Conclusion: With the prevalence of the different types of pneumatisation, a pre-operative CT assessment of the sphenoid sinus anatomy is essential, whenever the options for a transsphenoidal access to the sellar is being contemplated.
The Basic Medical Sciences: Medical Doctors as Key Players
Authors: Abi Innocent
Published: March 2021

The Basic Medical Sciences (BMS) are at the front burner of major medical breakthroughs (1). The BMS include Physiology, Anatomy, Biochemistry, and Genetics, the Basic Clinical Sciences are Histopathology, Chemical pathology, Haematology, Microbiology and Immunology (2). The multidisciplinary nature of these courses and the high research collaboration (especially in the developed countries) has eroded the boundaries between these fields of medicine
Epidemiology of Enterobiasis in Palestine
Authors: Hamarsheh Omar
Published: March 2021

Enteropiasis is a parasitic disease caused by the pinworm; Enterobius vermicularis. In this report, the prevalence of Enterobius vermicularis infection in the West Bank and Gaza strip was investigated based on Palestinian Ministry of Health reports from 2008 to 2018. A total of 29,390 cases was reported, 29,061 (98.9%) in the West Bank, and 329 cases (1.1%) in Gaza Strip. The results of the present study show that E. vermicularis infection is highly prevalent among people living in the West Bank and to lesser extend in Gaza Strip. There is a need for joint and concentrated e"orts from the Palestinian government and public health services to control this infection. Personal hygiene, education and living conditions and overcrowding are risk factors associated with the spread of infection.
Cluster analysis for food group consumption patterns in a national sample of Palestinian schoolchildren: Evidence from HBSC Survey 2013-2014
Authors: Qasrawi Radwan
Published: March 2021

Background: Promoting a healthy diet and lifestyle to reduce the national burden of nutrition-related problems among Palestinians requires an understanding of food consumption trends and patterns. Few studies have examined the food consumption patterns with the macro and micronutrient intakes and nutrition risk factors. The objective of this study was to study the food frequency and nutrient intake consumption patterns of Palestinian schoolchildren and their associations with the socioeconomic and risk factors. This is a national cross-sectional descriptive study conducted on Palestinian schoolchildren from the West Bank. The study examined the food consumption patterns of the macro and micronutrient intakes and nutrition risk factors among 1945 students aged 11-16 years. The data collected using the food frequency questionnaire and 24-hour recall that was administered by trained field workers. Food groups’ classification, nutrient intakes, body mass index (BMI) Z-scores, and socioeconomic di"erences were examined across the food groups’ patterns of consumption. We employed Z-score and K-Means cluster analysis to identify food consumption patterns and to examine factors associated with nutrient intakes. The food frequency results identified three food consumption clusters including the traditional, non-traditional, and mixed pattern. A total of 796 students (41%) were in traditional cluster, 458 (23.5%) in non-traditional cluster, and 691(35.5%) in mixed cluster. The nutrient intakes identified three clusters (High, Moderate, and Low consumption patterns) out of macronutrient, vitamins, and minerals categories. Most of the students located in the low consumption cluster for macronutrient, vitamins, and minerals clusters (66.9%, 67.7%, and 64 %) respectively. The traditional cluster was associated with healthy, non-obese, and physically active students and the non-traditional cluster was associated with unhealthy and obese students, but both shown significantly di"erent across the identified clusters. Imbalance in dietary intakes among schoolchildren
reflects a lack of dietary diversity. High sugar, fats and oils, and beverages consumption, low consumption of grains, fruits, beans and legumes, and meat are noticed in Palestinian schoolchildren. The findings indicated the importance of considering the food groups' intake variations among Palestinian schoolchildren. As the segments relate to children’s health, nutrition diet programs should consider the high scores of non-traditional and mixed food consumption among school’s children.
The Plastic Industry worldwide and in Palestine
Authors: Dweik Hassan
Published: March 2021

A world without plastics or synthetic polymers can't be imagined today. The first synthetic plastics was produced in the beginning of the twentieth century, however industrial plastics production started in 1950. Production of plastic materials to day surpasses any other synthetic material with the exception of steel and cement. The share of plastics in municipal solid waste increased from 1% in the 1960 to more than 10% in 2005. Most monomers used today to make plastics such polyethylene (PE) or Polypropylene (PP), or polystyrene (PS) are produced from the petroleum industry and none is biodegradable, they accumulate in the environment and pose great threat and serious concern to humanity and to marine life. In 2010 approximately 8 Million Metric Ton (MT) of plastic waste entered the marine environment. Global production of polymers and fiber increased from 2 (MT) in 1960 to 380(MT) in 2015 a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 8.4% while the total production of polymers and fibers from 1960 – 2015 was estimated to be around 7800 (MT). China alone produces 28%, and 68% of world production of PP. Biodegradable plastics amount to only 4 (MT). Non fiber plastics production is (PE 36%, PP 21%), Polyvinylchloride PVC (12%) followed by polyethylene terphthalate PET, polyurethane, and polystyrene less than 10% each ,42% of plastics are used in packaging. Palestine show a fast-growing plastic industry though we import plastics worth 255 million US $ as reported in the United Nations International Trade Statistics (COMTRADE) in 2018, compared to US $200 Million imported in 2014. However, we were able to export to the world 66.3 million US $ worth of plastic materials added to that our export to Israel of plastic product worth 86 million US $, mostly packaging materials. Three important countries that export plastic materials to Palestine are Turkey. China and south Korea. Turkey alone in 2018 exported plastics worth 25 million $. The plastic industry in Palestine is among the largest industry. However, we still manufacture the traditional plastics for packaging. Our country needs to develop this industry and diversify the plastic products to meet the needs of the market such as automobile, electrical appliances, refrigerators, and many other industries.
DEFLATE-ABLES
Authors: Bilow Marcel , Klein Tillmann , Knaack Ulrich
Published: March 2021

Pneumatic structures have been thoroughly investigated and developed during the 1960s. However, the energy crisis and aesthetic developments stopped the process of employing these structures as a mainstream construction method. Nowadays these structures are typically used in special areas of architecture and design. Imagine-Deflateables concentrates on the very limited knowledge of vacuum constructions and develops a range of aesthetic, technical and functional design possibilities. Until today, there has been a very limited number of designs developed and realized using pressurized constructions – despite the fact that this technology could lead to positive aspects: the air pressure of the earth can be used as a stabilizing and form-giving parameter, creating a specific and inspiring shape. In addition, the very nature of this technology offers varying degrees of thermal and acoustic insulation. There are of course weak points such as potential leakage and the need for high pressurization of the construction; but new material technologies and specific structural concepts will provide solutions to overcome these issues. Exploiting the possibilities of extremely light and, at the same time, energetically active constructions, deflateables are one of the promising fields of architectural and design developments. The chance to create structures that can move and react to requests such as user and climate requirements as well as formative demands, lifts this topic onto the level of a realistic and usable technology for as yet unknown design possibilities.
Message Passing Over Cloud Using Cascade Ciphering With Randomized Algorithm
Authors: S Sankaramani S. , H Sulthan Abdul Kadar , M Prason Moses , S Sivaram , A Velusamy
Published: March 2021

To solve the problem of poor security and performance caused by traditional encryption algorithm in the cloud data storage, we propose a cascade ciphering with randomized algorithm. The multiple encryption is a process to encrypt the data multiple times using the same algorithm or different algorithms, to provide multilayer and multilevel security over unreliable wireless network during communication. The encryption algorithms are AES, MD5, SHA 129, SHA 256, Whirlpool and Blowfish.
Workplace Humour and its Impact on Individual, Group Dynamics and Organization: A Review
Authors: Jayati Das , Shaik Dr. Shamshuddin
Published: March 2021

The study explores the role and impact of humour in organizational context from existing literature. It makes an attempt to gather knowledge and concept pertaining to the construct of workplace humour and its dynamics. The author summarizes types of humour, their definition, use of humour by leaders and its consequences on job attitude and behaviour. Gender differences in interpreting humour and the effect of negative humour have also been examined. The significance and outcome of humour and laughter on individual, group, leadership and organizational level have been described in this study.
An Enhanced Security for Online Voting System using Blockchain Technology
Authors: R Manikandaprabhu , M Mohamed Ashwak , P Mohamed Ashwak , K Jegan , S Priyadharshini
Published: March 2021

An electoral system or voting system is a set of rules that determine how elections and referendums are conducted and how their results are determined. Election is a very important event in a modern democracy but large sections of society around the world do not trust their election system which is major concern for the democracy. Distributed ledger technology is an exciting technological advancement in the information technology world. Blockchain Technologies offer an infinite range of applications benefiting from sharing economies. In this paper the proposed system is to store the ballot information as a block node for each and every voter and transfer the voters vote hash over the internet to all other nodes. The proposed system is cost-efficient when compared to the traditional electronic voting machines.
We Are All in the Same Boat
Authors: Feng Alan , Li Haishi
Published: March 2021

Are assets in a landlocked country subject to sea-level rise risk? In this paper, we study the cross-border spillovers of physical climate risks through international trade and supply chain linkages. As we base our findings on historical data between 1970 and 2018, we observe that globalization increased the similarity of countries’ global climate risk exposures. Exposures to foreign climatic disasters in major trade partner countries (both upstream and downstream) lower the home-country stock market valuation for the aggregate market and for the tradable sectors. We also find that exposures to foreign long-term climate change risks reduce the asset price valuations of the tradable sectors at home. Findings in this paper suggest that climate adaptation efforts in a country can have positive externalities on other countries’ macrofinancial performance and stability through international trade.
Financial Globalization and Inequality
Authors: Eichengreen Barry , Csonto Balazs , ElGanainy Asmaa , Koczan Zsoka
Published: March 2021

We review the debate on the association of financial globalization with inequality. We show that the within-country distributional impact of capital account liberalization is context specific and that different types of flows have different distributional effects. Their overall impact depends on the composition of capital flows, their interaction, and on broader economic and institutional conditions. A comprehensive set of policies – macroeconomic, financial and labor- and product-market specific – is important for facilitating wider sharing of the benefits of financial globalization.
Pandemic and Progressivity
Authors: Klemm Alexander , Mauro Paolo
Published: March 2021

Based on a survey of about 2,500 US resident adults, we show that people who have experienced serious illness or job loss caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, or who personally know someone who has, favor a temporary progressive levy or structural progressive tax reform to a greater extent than others in the sample, controlling for income, demographic characteristics, and other factors. People who reveal preferences for spending items (more on police, military, border protection; less on education, health, environment) that are associated with communitarian (rather than universalist) moral perspectives generally show weaker support for progressive reforms, but more communitarians change their views as a result of personal experience. The results are consistent with previous findings that economic upheavals can mold individuals’ views on policy matters.
Fair and Inclusive Markets
Authors: Aghion Philippe , Cherif Reda , Hasanov Fuad
Published: March 2021

We show empirical evidence that there may not be a tradeoff between market income inequality and high sustained growth, which is key for poverty alleviation. We argue that the economies that achieved high sustained growth and low market income inequality are characterized by dynamism—a drive toward sophisticated export industries, innovation, and creative destruction and a high level of competition. What a country produces and how much it competes domestically and internationally are important for achieving fair and inclusive markets. We explore policy options to steer industrial and market structures toward providing growth opportunities for both workers and firms.
Foreign Exchange Intervention Rules for Central Banks
Authors: Lafarguette Romain , Veyrune Romain
Published: March 2021

This paper presents a rule for foreign exchange interventions (FXI), designed to preserve financial stability in floating exchange rate arrangements. The FXI rule addresses a market failure: the absence of hedging solution for tail exchange rate risk in the market (i.e. high volatility). Market impairment or overshoot of exchange rate between two equilibria could generate high volatility and threaten financial stability due to unhedged exposure to exchange rate risk in the economy. The rule uses the concept of Value at Risk (VaR) to define FXI triggers. While it provides to the market a hedge against tail risk, the rule allows the exchange rate to smoothly adjust to new equilibria. In addition, the rule is budget neutral over the medium term, encourages a prudent risk management in the market, and is more resilient to speculative attacks than other rules, such as fixed-volatility rules. The empirical methodology is backtested on Banco Mexico’s FXIs data between 2008 and 2016.
Facing the Global Financial Cycle
Authors: Batini Nicoletta , Durand Luigi
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In this paper we ask whether countries can influence their exposure to changes in global financial conditions. Specifically, we show that even though we can model cross-country capital flows via a global factor that closely tracks changes in global financial conditions, there is a large degree of heterogeneity in the sensitivity of each country to this same global factor. We then evaluate whether this cross-country heterogeneity can be attributed to different policy choices, including measures of capital flow management, such as capital controls and macroprudential policies. In our main results, we show that higher levels of capital controls and macroprudential policies both dampen the sensitivity to the global factor. Furthermore, we show that countries’ monetary and exchange rate policies can also be successfully deployed. Overall, our results have implications that extend beyond the surge that preceded the 2008 global financial crisis, and that closely resonate in light of the financial disruptions that followed the COVID-19 pandemic.
Income Inequality in Small States and the Caribbean
Authors: McIntyre Arnold , Bejar Pablo , Komatsuzaki Takuji , Vargas Mauricio
Published: March 2021

Rising income inequality has emerged as a major policy issue facing policymakers, but there is a dearth of empirical work on inequality in small states, including the Caribbean. Despite data limitations, the empirical analysis using a sample of small states finds that increased openness and deeper economic integration including financial market openness is associated with lower income inequality, whereas elevated debt levels limit fiscal space and are associated with higher income inequality. An important policy implication is that well targeted social sector spending aimed at improving education and health indicators will support increased redistribution and reduce income inequality.
Esketamine in Treatment Resistant Depression: The Way to Remission
Authors: Facucho-Oliveira João , Esteves-Sousa Daniel , Prates Bruno , Neves Rui , Varandas Pedro
Published: March 2021

Major depressive disorder affects an estimate of 5% of the population with nearly 1‑third of patients failing to achieve remission with conventional pharmacological treatment. Esketamine, a novel rapid‑acting antidepressant, with a noncompetitive antagonism on N‑methyl‑D‑Aspartate receptor, have been recently approved by Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and European Medicines Agency (EMA) for treatment‑resistant depression. Here, we report a clinical case of a 42‑year‑old Caucasian woman who endured many years with severe depressive symptoms and high functional impairment. Previous treatments included cognitive behavioral therapy, numerous pharmacological trials with antidepressants and augmentation agents, and neurostimulation approaches. Upon treatment with esketamine, the patient presented remarkable clinical recovery. Psychometric assessments determined an acute reduction on the MADRS score after 1 week and progressive recovery of the depressive symptoms on the following weeks. Likewise, PHQ‑9 scale assessments, evaluating the relative frequency of depressive symptoms. and the Sheehan scale, assessing functional recovery, also determined a pronounced symptomatic relief.
Novas Tecnologias, Nova Psiquiatria? Reflexão sobre a Evolução das Tecnologias e a Crise na Psiquiatria
Authors: Marques-Teixeira João
Published: March 2021

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First-Time Mothers: For Vaccine Questions, Consult Your Peers on Facebook
Authors: Bradshaw Amanda
Published: March 2021

Despite numerous scientific studies affirming the safety and efficacy of vaccinations, decreased parental uptake has led in part to disease resurgence in the United States (Ventola, 2016). A systematic review of 42 studies revealed that exemption rates for vaccination requirements to enter public schools or daycares have been increasing and occur in geographic“clusters,” where vaccination rates fall dangerously below the national average (Wang, Clymer, Davis-Hayes, & Buttenheim, 2014). At the transition to parenthood, mothers rely on Facebook with increased intensity for health information-seeking purposes. In a rejection of the health information deficit model, the purpose of this study was to propose a conceptual model which describes how first-time mothers’ dependence on Facebook may lead to childhood vaccine avoidance, in accordance with social network theory. A model is presented and propositions are offered to explain why discerning first-time mothers, who are consistently more vaccine hesitant, may seek and rely on information from peers in closed Facebook groups rather than from health professionals. While research has separately explored both vaccine hesitancy and social network utilization for health information seeking, no conceptual model to date has linked these concepts with first-time mothers’ childhood vaccine avoidance. Published research supports the constructs included in the proposed causal pathway, and this “Maternal Facebook Dependence-Childhood Vaccine Avoidance Model” will act as a springboard for advancement in operationalization of this complex relational construct.
DEVELOPMENT COMPOSITE ALUMINIUM/FLY ASH WITH POWDER METALLURGY METHOD USE EGG YOLK AS SPACE HOLDER
Authors: Arifin Amir , Gunawan Gunawan , Mardhi Alim , Wijaya Agung Nurmansyah Putra , Sujatmika Endra
Published: March 2021

Metal matrix composite has been used widely in some applications such as the automotive and aerospace industries. In this work, Aluminum/Fly ash composite material was made with an egg yolk space holder and the manufacturing process was successfully carried out. The process includes the mixing, stirring, drying, and sintering processes that were undertaken including the powder metallurgy method. The metal form has successfully been fabricated however the hardness test results for specimens were not very satisfactory. The Aluminum/Fly ash porous composite materials with egg yolk space holders were was characterized using X-Ray Florence (XRF), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) test by producing the main peak of Al N and Al2O3. Observation of SEM by showing phenomena such as; cracks, alignment, and porous. Density Testing by producing an average porosity of 28.87%. The observation of Optical Microscopes by showing the shape of the shaft that is not homogeneous.
SOLA SCRIPTURA DALAM TAFSIR POSTKOLONIAL
Authors: Wahono Tri Ratno
Published: March 2021

Melalui kajian postkolonial, artikel ini menganalisis salah satu konsep penting dalam ajaran Protestantisme yaitu Sola Scriptura. Pada kenyataannya terjadi pergeseran makna atas konsep tersebut dari mengembalikan wibawa Alkitab, hingga kini menjadi suatu makna yang eksklusif. Artikel ini memperlihatkan bahwa dengan analisis postkolonial yang membongkar segala upaya dominasi, Sola Scriptura bisa menjadi konsep yang mendukung keterbukaan terhadap perubahan zaman agar Alkitab bisa bicara bagi orang segala masa dan tidak menjadikan Alkitab sebagai alat untuk mengeksklusi yang lain. Dalam perspektif postkolonial, Alkitab justru punya wibawa yang tinggi karena mampu didialogkan dengan berbagai teks dan konteks yang ada tanpa perlu merendahkan Alkitab dibanding yang lain.
“GEREJA DIBALIK DINDING" Kajian Markus 7:24-30 dan Implikasinya bagi Pendidikan Multikultural di Indonesia)
Authors: Labobar Yuni Feni
Published: March 2021

Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan pendidikan multikultural dengan mendialogkan  Markus 7:24-30 yang berbicara tentang Yesus dan Perempuan Siro-Fenisia dengan dihadapkan dengan wacana multikultural dalam konteks Indonesia. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah library research atau penelitian kepustakaan dan metode yang digunakan adalah analisis kualitatif melalui buku-buku tulisan James  Banks dan Tabita Christiani. Melalui dialog analisis Teks Alkitab dan teori dari beberapa ahli ini dapat mengasilkan pendidikan multikultural dalam konteks Indonesia. Analisis terhadap teks Markus 7:24-30 merupakan salah satu teks Alkitab yang berbicara soal multikultural. Yesus berhadap dengan seorang perempuan Siro-Fenisia yang berbeda gender, agama, dan etnis dengan-Nya
PEMAHAMAN PEMUDA TENTANG IBADAH PEMUDA DI JEMAAT YEDIDYDIAH ABANGIWANG KLASIS PANTAR TIMUR
Authors: Leko Julinda , Ndolo Nelci Nafalia
Published: March 2021

Ibadah pemudah merupakan salah satu program gereja untuk meningkatkan Pemahaman Pemuda Tentang Ibadah Pemuda dengan Tujuan untuk menumbukan Iman pemuda karena ketika iman kepercayan pemuda semakin bertumbuh, maka pemuda akan terus mewartakan Injil di manapun pemuda berada dan selalu berpegang teguh pada kebenaran Firman Tuhan (Turang, 2006:12). Pemahaman pemuda tentang ibadah pemuda sudah sangat baik, sebab gereja melakukan beberapa kegiatan seperti Ibadah pemuda, Pemahaman Alkitab, Retret dan Musyawarah Belajar (Musbel). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode wawancara dengan analisis Kulitatif. Analisis digunakan untuk memahami hubungan dan konsep dalam data sehingga hopotesis dapat dikembangkan dan dievaluasi (Sugiyono, 2018:244). Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpilkan bahwa Pemahaman Pemudah tentang Ibadah pemudah sudah sangat baik dan dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan iman pemuda Gereja Yedidtyah Abangiwang.
IMPLEMENTASI PAK DALAM MENGATASI PERILAKU SISWA “BROKEN HOME” DI SMP NEGERI 2 MANADO
Authors: Luma Subaedah , Wauran Gracia Weninda , Janis Yanice
Published: March 2021

Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran penerapan  Pendidikan secara khusus Pendidikan Agama Kristen bagi siswa yang mengalami broken home. Gambaran penerapan Pendidikan ini dikalimatkan dengan istilah Implementasi yang bertujuan untuk menentukkan model Pengajaran Pendidikan Agama yang sesuai dengan konteks siswa SMP Negeri 2 Manado. Dengan mengunakan kajian teori PAK Thomas Groome: Sharing Faith. Menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif deskriptif memudahkan untuk memberikan gambaran tentang apa dan bagaimana Guru Pendidikan Agama Kristen yang adalah pengajar menyikapi persoalan anak yang broken home dalam sisi sebagai seorang guru di sekolah yang bagi semua orang guru adalah orang tua siswa di sekolah.
The impact of covid-19 on the implementation of learning in the digital era 4.0
Authors: Alwan Muhammad
Published: March 2021

This article discusses how the impact of Covid-19 on the implementation of learning in the digital era 4.0. On the other hand, this research also explores the potential emergence of the skills of students in the digital-based learning process. For this purpose, the research was conducted using a literature review (library research). The theme of learning associated with Covid-19 has recently been interesting to study through research. Several research results found that e-learning based learning with application variants during the pandemic was insignificant. Contradictory to the nature of digital learning media which always attracts the attention of students in general. This is relevant to the development period of children who are interested in digital visual media. On the other hand, life and career skills in the 21st century began to be tried during the Covid-19 learning period, such as flexibility and adaptability in the learning process during the Covid-19 period, which led to a variety of creativity and independence among students
Overview on cardiometabolic associated factors in COVID-19 patients’: a narrative review
Authors: Hamri Walid Hassene , Diaf Mustapha
Published: March 2021

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) increases the risk of several cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) such as acute myocardial injury. Vascular dysfunctions are important drivers of CVDs. A variety of risk factors promotes the development and progression of CVDs including, overweight and obesity, arterial hypertension, physical inactivity, smoking, unhealthy diet, overconsumption of alcohol, dyslipidemia, atherosclerosis and diabetes mellitus. However, nearly all of these risk factors are modifiable by antihypertensive, antidiabetic, or lipid-lowering medication and lifestyle changes. Other factors such as age or genetic factors cannot be modified. Moreover, infection and inflammation have been shown to increase the risk of CVDs. The COVID-19 pandemic yielded a new perspective to this field. Cardiometabolic events, diseases, risk factors and COVID-19 are strongly intertwined. An increased CVDs risk through multifactorial mechanisms has been observed in COVID-19 patients. Furthermore, a higher rate of infection with COVID-19, severe COVID-19, and bad outcome has been demonstrated in patients with established cardiometabolic disorders and vascular risk factors. Summary at present, we suggest that regular interactions between healthcare professionals and patients should include education on COVID-19 and on primary and secondary vascular prevention in order to minimize the burden of the virus in our susceptible populations.

Keywords: Cardiometabolic disorders, cardiovascular diseases, inflammation, atherosclerosis, COVID-19.
Estado, Variedades de Capitalismo eDesenvolvimento em Países Emergentes
Authors: Dini Eli
Published: March 2021

O presente artigo tem como cerne o aprofundamento da reflexão sobre o referencialanalítico das variedades de capitalismo, tendo em vista as mudanças experimentadas pelo processo de globalização ao longo das duas últimas décadas eas pressões pela redefinição do conceito de desenvolvimento de forma a adequá-lo às injunções do atual momento histórico. Para tanto, parte-se de uma discussão sobre a temática da continuidade e mudança no contexto pós-neoliberal, para em seguida focalizar a inflexão no debate internaciona lcontemporâneo acerca do processo de globalização,o papel do Estado e os rumos do desenvolvimento,considerando as transformações recentes da ordem capitalista mundial.
https://inctpped.ie.ufrj.br/desenvolvimentoemdebate/edicoes_v_2_n_2.html
Authors: Jaguaribe Anna
Published: March 2021

Este artigo argumenta que a China é um caso único de transformação de economia centralizada em economia de mercado. As classificações teóricas usuais de capitalismo de estado VS mercado são parcas para explicar o processo de reforma da economia chinesa. A singularidade do caso chinês advém de múltiplos fatores entre os quais: uma historia alternativa de formação tanto do Estado como do Mercado, circunstâncias internacionais únicas, uma arguta visão de futuro associada ao planejamento estratégico. O sucesso econômico da China, dificilmente duplicável, se explica também pelos constantes ajustes, adaptações e inovações institucionais ao longo do processo de reforma. Este artigo argumenta que os novos desafios da China estão não tanto no desenvolvimento de um arcabouço institucional apropriado a economia de mercado, mas sim na transformação e adaptação dos instrumentos de política e das capacitações desenvolvidas durante a fase de cathing up para políticas e capacitações apropriadas para uma economia de serviços e de inovação.
An introduction to clinical simulation (CS) for orofacial myologists: COVID-19’s impact on clinical education
Authors:   Alabama A & M University, Reed Hope
Published: March 2021

COVID-19 has forced educational institutions to increasingly rely on technology to provide appropriate clinical experiences for students. Simulations and case studies have been used for decades, but COVID-19 thrust these resources into the forefront of clinical education. Clinical simulation (CS) is the use of alternative methods in the clinical preparation of students (American-Speech-Language-Hearing Association [ASHA], 2020). Forms of CS include simulators, standardized patients, virtual patients, digital mannequins, immersive reality, task trainers, and computer-based interactive experiences and often incorporate case studies (ASHA). This article draws upon clinical education in the primary certification fields for those who practice orofacial myofunctional therapy: speech-language pathology and dentistry. It is designed to be a CS primer for these clinicians by presenting types of simulation-based learning, experiences specific to orofacial myofunctional disorders (OMDs), advantages and disadvantages, supporting evidence, best practices, and enhancement of critical thinking skills. There is a need to increase the representation of OMD-related content in CS experiences.
Guidelines for successful online service delivery in orofacial myology
Authors: Boshart Charlotte
Published: March 2021

Purpose: Since the advent of COVID-19, online services within most healthcare fields have become ubiquitous. This article investigates the research regarding the feasibility and effectiveness of delivering online services and provides a tutorial of ideas and information to successfully implement online orofacial myofunctional therapy. Method: This article is a compilation of evidence-based results on the topic of online service delivery and perspectives and experiences shared by three service delivery providers. Results: It is possible to compensate for the interactive differences between in-person and online myofunctional therapy. It is believed that online therapeutic services are an efficient and effective mode of service delivery. Discussion: Although online service delivery is not new, the current world-wide pandemic has brought telehealth to the forefront. In a time of increased demand for distance treatment, the orofacial myologist must rapidly develop competency and comfort within the new assessment and treatment online paradigm. It is positive to know that research to date indicates that clients within associated fields benefit from the accessibility, ease, and convenience of online service delivery. This article summarizes legal considerations, technology, treatment preparation, client motivation, and the implementation of online therapy.
Nevo melanocítico congénito gigante
Authors: Paredes Lascano Patricia , Bravo Paredes Alejandro , Ortiz Meneses Kruzkaya
Published: March 2021

Introducción: Los Nevos Melanocíticos Congénitos (NMC) son lesiones cutáneas que frecuentemente están presentes desde el nacimiento, sin embargo, la presencia de un NMC gigante mayor a 20 cm es infrecuente, motivo de presentación del caso.

Caso: Niño de 2 años y 5 meses, quien presentó Nevos congénitas de diferente diámetro dispersos en toda el área de la piel, siendo el más grande uno de color oscuro en el área de tórax posterior en línea media dorsal, abollonada que se eleva de la piel e inicia desde el occipucio y se prolonga por la línea media hasta llegar a la región sacra y glúteos, cubre hombros de forma triangular inversa con diámetros de 27 por 25 centímetros. Se acompaña de numerosos nevos satelitales de 3 milímetros hasta 15 centímetros. La presencia de dos neurofibromas en los dedos.

Evolución: Una interconsulta a Neurología Pediátrica concluyó en un examen neurológico sin alteración, el estudio de Resonancia Magnética Nuclear Cerebral y del canal espinal, fueron normales, así como los exámenes complementarios de biometría hemática, química sanguínea, perfil hepático, perfil tiroideo y eco abdominal. La biopsia de piel reportó un patrón histológico de Nevo Melanocítico. Debido a la extensión de la lesión se decidió la observación. El prurito fue tratado sintomáticamente.

Conclusión: El Síndrome del Nevo Melanocítico Congénito se asocia con múltiples hallazgos fenotípicos clásicos, dentro de los cuales se encuentran patrones de pigmentación que ocupan las líneas de Blaschko, neurofibromas y múltiples melanomas satélites. Su diagnóstico es clínico y para su tratamiento se requieren procedimientos quirúrgicos a consideración de la extensión de la lesión. El manejo integral de manera interdisciplinaria es fundamental en su tratamiento.
Videolaringoscopía para intubación pediátrica, en comparación con la intubación orotraqueal clásica.
Authors: Palacios Alvear Juan Patricio , Pacheco Bacuilima Juan Pablo
Published: March 2021

Introducción: Un aspecto relevante en anestesia pediátrica es el manejo de la vía aérea. Diferencias anatómicas de esta población, hace que sean más susceptibles a dispositivos diseñados para su manejo. La videolaringoscopía mejora la visión panorámica de la glotis. El objetivo del presente estudio fue comparar el uso de la videolaringoscopía con la laringoscopía directa para intubación orotraqueal, en pacientes pediátricos.

Métodos: Con un diseño descriptivo observacional, se estudiaron 276 casos, pacientes de 5 a 17 años, sometidos a cirugía planificada, con anestesia general más intubación orotraqueal. El especialista decidió el dispositivo para manejo. Los datos se transcribieron de los formularios y analizados con el programa SPSS 22.0. El análisis descriptivo se basó en mediana, moda, promedio, valor mínimo, valor máximo. Medidas de dispersión desvío estándar y rango. Se consideró un valor de p ≤ 0.05 como estadísticamente significativo.

Resultados: La edad promedio del estudio fue 9.83 años. Con laringoscopía directa 97.4% se realizó la intubación al primer intento y con videolaringoscopía el 88,4% (P=0.003). En el 94.2% de casos de laringoscopía directa se realizó una intubación exitosa en menos de 10 segundos, con videolaringoscopía fue del 75.2% (P<0.001). Complicaciones se presentaron en el 6.6% de intubaciones con videolaringoscopía versus el 2.6% con laringoscopía convencional (P=0.103). El 56.2% de especialistas prefieren laringoscopía directa para manejar una vía aérea pediátrica sin predictores de dificultad.

Conclusiones: La videolaringoscopía brinda un apoyo adicional en el manejo de la vía aérea de rutina, amerita siempre conocimientos y destrezas previas. La evidencia para avalar una técnica por sobre otra es insuficiente.
The Impact of Health Indicators on Economic Growth In Pakistan
Authors: Raza Kashif , Majeed Salman , Majeed Salman , Islam Maryam
Published: March 2021

This study aims at investigating the issues of health sector in Pakistan and highlights the important link between health indicators and economic growth. For this purpose, Ordinary least square method and Granger Causality technique are applied on time series data of Pakistan from 1980-2012. Health expenditures, fertility rate, life expectancy, and infant mortality rate have been used as health indicators. The basic objective of study is to enhance those issues in health sectors that directly or indirectly strike on economic growth of Pakistan so that effective policies can be chalked out to cop current as well future condition regarding health and an economic growth. The results showed that life expectancy, fertility rate, investment on health sectors has significantly influenced the per capita GDP. Health expenditures have also positive but insignificant impact on economic growth. Whereas there is negative relationship of infant mortality rate, population per bed on economic growth. The major policy implication of this study is that by increasing the health facilities through increase the investment on health sector that will improve the sustainable level of economic growth.
Usage of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Western Medicine and Integrated ChineseWestern Medicine for the Treatment of Allergic Rhinitis
Authors: Ahmed Bilal
Published: March 2021

: In China, allergic rhinitis patients are looking not only for western therapy in Chinese traditional medicine but also for treatment in Western and Chinese mixed medicine. Several studies have compared traditional Chinese medicine, Western and Western combined. Such three forms of treatment were not analyzed simultaneously. Aim: The research examines the differences between populations and medical applications of allergic rhinitis patients who received all three treatments to determine the use of different drugs. Methods: The inventory for patients diagnosed with allergic rhinitis (International Disease Classification). The Chi-square test and Tukey test were performed for the region of interest to check the disparity between these three treatments (a significant difference still exists). Results: The interview rate for women with allergic rhinitis is higher than for men regardless of whether it is treatment with traditional Chinese medicine, Western or combined traditional Chinese and Western medicine. Persons 0-19 years of age was first in the proportion of allergic rhinitis diagnosis and care. Traditional Chinese medicine includes medical measures with maximum hours per person, the daily cost per hour of medicines and minimum overall hourly expenditure. Western medicine, by comparison, costs the lowest daily drug per hour, and the highest total drug costs per hour per person. Between traditional Chinese and western medicine, the total cost per capita of integrated traditional Chinese and Western Medicine as well as drug costs per capita and the total cost per capita. Conclusion: Although only 6.82% of allergic rhinitis patients opt for combined traditional Chinese medicines and western medicine, their rate of receipt is higher each year. Moreover, mixed medications are used more frequently compared to single-component medicines
Verification of Bridge Foundation Design Assumptions and Calculations
Authors: Han Fei , Prezzi Monica , Salgado Rodrigo , Marashi Mehdi , Wells Timothy , Zaheer Mir
Published: March 2021

The Sagamore Parkway Bridge consists of twin parallel bridges over the Wabash River in Lafayette, IN. The old steel-truss eastbound bridge was demolished in November 2016 and replaced by a new seven-span concrete bridge. The new bridge consists of two end-bents (bent 1 and bent 8) and six interior piers (pier 2 to pier 7) that are founded on closed-ended and open-ended driven pipe piles, respectively. During bridge construction, one of the bridge piers (pier 7) and its foundation elements were selected for instrumentation for monitoring the long-term response of the bridge to dead and live loads. The main goals of the project were (1) to compare the design bridge loads (dead and live loads) with the actual measured loads and (2) to study the transfer of the superstructure loads to the foundation and the load distribution among the piles in the group. This report presents in detail the site investigation data, the instrumentation schemes used for load and settlement measurements, and the response of the bridge pier and its foundation to dead and live loads at different stages during and after bridge construction. The measurement results include the load-settlement curves of the bridge pier and the piles supporting it, the load transferred from the bridge pier to its foundation, the bearing capacity of the pile cap, the load eccentricity, and the distribution of loads within the pier’s cross section and among the individual piles in the group. The measured dead and live loads are compared with those estimated in bridge design.
Reading in a Time of Crisis
Authors: Biro Sasha L. ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: March 2021

An important part of the work of an introductory philosophy class is learning how to read philosophy. The digital annotation platform Perusall can be useful in both F2F learning environments as well as in virtual learning environments, as it helps students learn how to read philosophy. While the traditional online learning environment relies heavily on the discussion forum to replicate the F2F learning experience, digital annotation is a valuable alternative for promoting student engagement with course material. This paper will describe the platform as well as how to use Perusall to facilitate student participation and close reading of texts.
Sustainable development reporting and sustainable financing: Challenges for small and medium enterprises
Authors: Pavlović Milica , Denčić-Mihajlov Ksenija
Published: March 2021

In a dynamic business environment, the importance of doing business in accordance with the principles of sustainable development is recognized not only by large companies, but also by small and medium enterprises, which are the "driving force" of modern economies. Having in mind the commitment to socially responsible business and the requirements of the modern business environment, it is necessary to inform stakeholders about the impact of companies on society and the environment, as well as socially responsible activities that companies carry out due to changes in conditions and ways of doing business. Accordingly, it is necessary to implement integrated reporting, which would include, in addition to traditional financial, nonfinancial indicators of business performance. In order to adopt an internationally recognized methodology for evaluating the performance of sustainable development, certain initiatives have been taken by regulators, standard setters and professional associations. Due to their characteristics, small and medium-sized enterprises require special guidelines when compiling reports on sustainable development. The focus of this paper is on the challenges that these companies face in disclosing information on sustainable development indicators. Special attention is paid to the costs of this type of reporting, the lack of necessary resources and the ownership structure.