bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN SMOOTHIESMATONIS DI PUSKESMAS KOTA PALEMBANG
Authors: Irawan Monica Julia , Susyani Susyani , Podojoyo Podojoyo
Published: March 2020

Hipertensi adalah suatu kondisi medis dimana tekanan darah Sistolik ? 140 mmHg dan Diastolik ? 90 mmHg. Hipertensi dapat disebabkan oleh beberapa faktor seperti kegemukan, konsumsi natrium berlebih, kurangnyaaktifitasfisik, merokok, konsumsi alkohol, faktor usia, jenis kelamin dan keturunan. Jika hipertensi tidak dapat dikendalikan maka hipertensi dapat menyebabkan gangguan fungsi ginjal, kardiovaskular, retinopati hingga kematian mendadak. Pengobatan hipertensi terdiri dari terapi farmakologi dan non-farmakologi. Terapi farmakologi efeknya hanya menurunkan tekanan darah sesaat sedangkan terapi non-farmakologi bertujuan menurunkan tekanan darah dan mengendalikan faktor risiko dan penyakit lainnya.Tujuan penelitian: Untuk mengetahui adanya pengaruh pemberian smoothie Smatonis terhadap tekanan darah penderita hipertensi di Puskesmas Sekip Palembang.  Desain penelitian ini adalah quasi ekperimen dengan rancangan penelitian pretest and postest with control group. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Januari-Maret 2019. Analisis data menggunakan uji t-dependen. Hasil uji statistik pada kelompok perlakuan didapatkan nilai tekanan darah sistolik dengan p Value = 0,000 (p ? 0,05) dan tekanan darah diastolik dengan p Value = 0,000 (p < 0,05). Sedangkan pada kelompok kontrol didapatkan nilai tekanan darah sistolik dengan p Value = 0,160 (p >0,05) dan tekanan darah diastolik dengan p Value = 0,270 (p >0,05). Kesimpulan: Smoothie Smatonis dapat menurunkan tekanan darah pada penderita hipertensi di Puskesmas Sekip Kota Palembang.
Analysis and Classification of Dermoscopic Images Using Spectral Graph Wavelet Transform
Authors: Rajasekhar Kotra Sankar , Babu Tummala Ranga
Published: March 2020

The abnormal growth of skin cells leads to skin cancer which occurs due to the unrepaired DNA impairment to the skin cells. Worldwide every year more than 1.23 lakhs of skin cancers are diagnosed, out of which Melanoma is the deadliest one. The aim of this research work is Recognition of Melanoma and skin lesion classification from the Dermoscopic images. Feature extraction of Dermoscopic images can be done by Shape, Color and Texture features. Texture features comprises of Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM) and statistical texture features calculated from the coefficients of the Multiresolution transforms such as Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT), Curvelet, Tetrolet, and Spectral Graph Wavelet Transform (SGWT). The novelty in this work is using SGWT for extraction of texture features. The superiority of SGWT over conventional wavelet transform is its ability to work on irregular shaped images. Weighted graphs are the base for the SGWT which can be obtained in the form of meshes for irregular shapes. In the present work, skin lesions are obtained from the International Skin Imaging Collaboration (ISIC) 2016 archive. The features obtained from the Dermoscopic images are classified using Naïve Baye's, K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifiers. The proposed method using Shape, Color and Texture based features for Melanoma Recognition with SGWT results in an Area Under the Curve (AUC) of 0.951 with Accuracy of 96.79 %, Sensitivity of 88 % and Specificity of 98.26 %. Further, the AUC of skin lesion classification such as Melanoma vs Nevus, Seborrheic Keratosis vs Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Melanoma vs Seborrheic Keratosis, Melanoma vs Basal Cell Carcinoma and Nevus vs Basal Cell Carcinoma using SGWT is 0.895, 0.945, 0.9645, 0.945 and 0.98 respectively.
New approaches to bibliographing factual information in local studies
Authors: Protopopova E. E.
Published: March 2020

The author examines the possibility for overcoming formal approaches to de-visu bibliographing factual information in local studies. She proposes a technology for bibliographing published local facts in the circumstances of digitalization. The sample abstracts supplementing bibliographic descriptions in local e-catalogs and factual local databases like “calendar of memorable dates” or “local chronicles” are provided. These databases should become the quality full-text bibliographic and factual resources, reliable and relevant, high quality and meeting user demands. The «de-facto» approach to bibliographing will facilitate the 5-fold increase in the number of hits of property digital resources of cultural institutions by the year 2024, which is envisaged by the “Culture” national project. It would also enable to accumulate reliable information on facts and events in local/regional history, interesting and unique facts, and famous local countrymen. This only technology will enable the libraries to remain irreplaceable. The author provides examples of bibliographing factual information on local studies.
The reference resources in Russia’s regional studies (based on the author’s research)
Authors: Kulikova A. V.
Published: March 2020

The operating features of the RF regional reference resources are examined; their advancement and place within the flow of sci-tech publications are discussed. During the recent two decades, the new trends emerged: stable interest toward science reference publications in regional studies; publishing of proprietary, subject, thematic and digital reference works in the regions. Initially, these works were prepared by large (republican, regional, municipal) libraries. AS the most recent trend, these publications has been covering the minor territories (district, small town, village). Today many minor Russian libraries promote regional sci-tech information (primarily collapsed, generalized, reference information). The author participates in the project “The regional encyclopedias of Russia” promoted by the Russian National Library. In fact, this is the bibliographic index within the segment of reference resources, namely, science encyclopedias in regional studies (http://nlr.ru/res/epubl/rue/content.html). The resource is supplemented with additional lists comprising other types of reference literature (toponymical, administrative-territorial, biographical and other regional scientific reference publications). It is interesting to analyze these publications from the viewpoint of current innovative processes. The author attempts to formulate the concept of “reference resources in regional studies”, to divide them into a segment within the array of the regional reference sources, to specify the generation principles and problems of functioning, to demonstrate the demand for these publications in modern communities.
Citation as a form of science communication
Authors: Krulev A. A.
Published: March 2020

The key scientometrical concepts and their balance as interpreted by  V. S. Lazarev are analyzed. The author enters into polemics and suggests that there is a linear relationship between using and citing documents, citation and value. The author emphasizes the complexity of scientometric calculations regardless the rampant technological development and modern instruments of publication citation estimation. The related risks of scientometric data control are discussed: nominal citation, intentional non-citation, editorial requirements of scientific journals, mistakes when designing and submitting science papers to databases. The risky technological and ethical factors are analyzed. The consequences of publication retraction and changing status or contents of published paper, including the bibliographic records, are discussed. The samples of complexity and impossibility of identification of some types of inflowing documents are provided. The author argues that the value criteria are directly related to the effectiveness of scientific research and emphasizes that the effectiveness term has to be analyzed as applied in scientometrics. He also proposes to make scientometric indicators equal to elements of professional science communication which is justified by blurred lines between their formal and informal types.
Spongioplasty with Dartos Flap Coverage in the Snodgrass Technique of Hypospadias Repair
Authors: Das Sahadeb Kumar , Hasina Kaniz , Huq Md Ashraf Ul , Adil Syed Abdul , Alam Md Mahbubul , Alam SM Shafiqul
Published: March 2020

Objective: The aim of the study is to evaluate the role of spongiosal tissue with dartos flap coverage for preventing Urethrocutaneous Fistula (UCF) formation in the Snodgrass technique.

Materials and Methods: It is a prospective study, performed on 35 patients of mid penile and distal hypospadias aged 15 months to 144 months who underwent urethroplasty in the Snodgrass technique using spongiosal tissue and dartos flap for neourethral coverage.

Results: Among 35 patients, Age ranged from 15 months to 144 months (mean 85.94 months). Chordee was corrected by penile degloving alone in 11 patients, partial mobilization of urethral plate with spongiosum in 20 patients and 4 patients required dorsal plication. Glans groove was deep in 19 patients, shallow in 13 patients and no groove noticed in 3 patients. Sixteen patients had narrow urethral plate (<8mm) and 19 patients had adequate urethral plate (>8mm). Urethrocutaneous Fistula (UCF) was encountered in five patients (14.28%), meatal stenosis in two patients (5.71%), and partial glanular dehiscence in one patient.

Conclusions: Approximation of spongiosal tissue along with dartos flap as the intermediate layer for neourethral coverage reduces fistula formation.

J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2020; 38(2): 64-67
Recurrent Infections and Rash in a 6 Year Old Girl: A Case Report of Congenital C3 Defeciency
Authors: Daraz Zahoor Hussain , Islam Mohammad Imnul , Rahman Shahana Akhtar
Published: March 2020

Primary complement deficiencies are very rare and a case of 6 year old girl with complement 3 deficiency is reported here who presented with recurrent infections and rash since her early childhood. She had several episodes of respiratory tract infections, urinary tract infections and various episodes of gastro enteritis and was treated subsequently every time with injectable antibiotics. Later she developed encysted hydropneumothorax with mild pleural thickening with compression collapse of adjacent right lung. On investigation complement 3 level was found below normal both in the patient and in her parents and younger sister. This case is reporting here in order to disseminate the message that underlying cause of recurrent infections could be primary immunodeficiency (C3).

J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2020; 38(2): 101-104
Smarandache Curves of the Evolute Curve According to Sabban Frame
Authors: ŞENYURT Süleyman , ALTUN Yasin
Published: March 2020

The aim of this paper is to define Smarandache curves according to the Sabban frame belonging to the unit Darboux vector of spherical indicatrix curve of the evolute curve. Also, we calculate the geodesic curvatures of these curves. Finally, the results are expressed depending on the involute curve.
SELECTION OF EXTRACURRICULAR ACTIVITIES IN SMK INSAN AQILAH 4 JAKARTA USING PROFILE MATCHING METHOD
Authors: Wahyudin Wahyudin , Saryoko Andi , Aziz Abdul , Nurmalia Lia
Published: March 2020

This research is based on the observations and experiences of researchers, because the many extracurricular activities in schools make it difficult for students to determine extracurricular activities that can develop their personality, talents, and abilities outside the academic field, therefore the system is created to select extracurricular activities. The aim is to help students deal with extracurricular selection problems. The application of the Profile Matching method in the decision support system for the selection of extracurricular activities is expected to help provide recommendations for extracurricular activities to overcome the problem of selecting extracurricular activities and can facilitate students in selecting extracurricular activities.
Relationship between salt use in fish farms and drift of macroinvertebrates in a freshwater stream
Authors: Encina-Montoya F , Boyero L , Tonin AM , Fernanda Aguayo M , Esse C , Vega R , Correa-Araneda F , Oberti C , Nimptsch J
Published: March 2020

In Chile, salt (NaCl) use per salmon fish farm ranges between 20-30 t yr-1and is used to prevent and control fungal infections. An increase in salinity in freshwater can have adverse effects on freshwater biodiversity and ecosystem functions and services. We studied the effects of fish-farm effluents on benthic macroinvertebrate communities in a northern Patagonian stream (Chile). Benthic samples were collected at 3 sites near a land-based salmon aquaculture facility (one located 100 m upstream from the fish-farm outlet for effluent, 2 sites located 200 and 400 m downstream from the effluent source). We found changes in benthic macroinvertebrate communities downstream from the effluent, with higher abundances of tolerant taxa and lower abundances of sensitive taxa, which was related to nutrient and salt concentration in the water. We also studied the effects of salinity on macroinvertebrate drift in a mesocosm experiment conducted in recirculating channels, measuring the drift of 2 salt-sensitive macroinvertebrates (Andesiops peruvianusandSmicridea annulicornis), collected from an unpolluted northern Patagonian stream, after exposure to a range of salinity concentration pulses similar to those from fish farms. Our results demonstrate that (1) fish-farm effluent can alter stream macroinvertebrate community composition and dynamics, and (2) such effects are at least partly driven by high salt concentrations in effluent waters.
Lipid and protein utilization during lecithotrophic development in the asteroid Stegnaster inflatus, with a review of larval provisioning in lecithotrophic echinoderms
Authors: Zamora LN , Delorme NJ , Byrne M , Sewell MA
Published: March 2020

The eggs of echinoderms with lecithotrophic development provide structural and nutritional materials (lipids, proteins) to complete development without any external sources of nutrition. Previous studies have suggested that a relatively large proportion of the maternal lipid reserves remain after settlement to provision the early post-metamorphic juvenile. Here we examined lipid and protein utilization during lecithotrophic development of the asterinid starfish Stegnaster inflatus which has large (~400 µm diameter), negatively buoyant eggs. S. inflatus produces eggs with a large amount of lipid (mean ± SD: 2047 ± 315 ng egg-1), with 26% structural lipids and 74% energetic lipids dominated by diacylglycerol ether (DAGE; 66%). Similar amounts of protein were present in the egg (mean ± SD: 2143 ± 157 ng egg-1), with a lipid:protein ratio of 0.96. Approximately 80% of the egg protein is used prior to settlement. In contrast, 51.0% of the energetic lipids provided in the egg, and 40.3% of the DAGE remain for provisioning of the early juvenile. A review of lecithotrophic development in echinoderms reveals that asteroid, echinoid and ophiuroid species have an excess of 50% of the maternal lipids remaining in the settled post-larva. When considering maternal investment in offspring for lecithotrophic developers, we need to consider energetic use during the short dispersal period, as well as provisioning for post-metamorphic early juvenile life.
DIGITÁLNA EKONOMIKA, DIGITÁLNE SLUŽBY A DAŇ Z DIGITÁLNYCH SLUŽIEB – HROZBA ALEBO VÝZVA PRE NORMOTVORCOV?
Authors: Hrabčák Ladislav , Stojáková Monika
Published: March 2020

Autori sa v predmetnom článku zaoberajú problematikou digitálnej ekonomiky a otázkami s tým súvisiacimi. Centrálnu pozornosť venujú otázke digitálnych služieb, ako jedným z javov digitálnej ekonomiky, a taktiež ich zdaňovaniu. Právne poriadky viacerých štátov už regulujú určité parciálne otázky digitálnej ekonomiky ako napríklad zdaňovanie digitálnych platforiem či zdaňovanie virtuálnych mien, no v súčasnosti možno badať aj tendencie zdaňovať digitálne služby. V príspevku sú načrtnuté návrhy právnych úprav na medzinárodnej (vrátane európskej) úrovni a na úrovni národných parlamentov. Niektoré štáty už majú prvotné skúsenosti so zdaňovaním tzv. „digitálnych gigantov“, a preto je možné zhodnotiť, aké riešenie by bolo z hľadiska zdaňovania najideálnejším. Aj na túto otázku sa autori pokúsia poskytnúť odpoveď v nasledujúcom texte.
Pengukuran Tingkat Efisiensi Usaha Kecil dan Menengah di Karesidenan Surakarta Tahun 2015-2016
Authors: Ariyani Tia Putri , Cahyadin Malik
Published: March 2020

SMEs play an important role in the national economy. Therefore, stakeholders need to pay attention to develop SMEs by doing efficiency. This research aims to determine the value of the technical, cost, and allocate efficiency of SMEs in Surakarta residency during 2015 – 2016. This research uses Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) program. The input variable consists of labor, while the output variables consist of sale, asset, and profit. The results of this research show that the average values of technical and cost efficiency are equal. The SEMs of Sukoharjo Regency have average value of technical and cost efficiency in 2015 are 0.850 and increase to 0.864 in 2016. The SMEs of Wonogiri Regency have an efficiency value of 0.746 and increase to 0.755. The SMEs in Karanganyar Regency have an improved efficiency value from 0.648 to 0.735. The efficiency value of SMEs in Surakarta City decreases from 0.692 to 0.691. The efficiency of SMEs in Sragen Regency also decreases from 0.592 to 0.562. The allocate efficiency shows that SMEs in Surakarta Residency are effective. This research recommends that SME owners and local government need to stimulate input utilization to produce maximum output. Furthermore, SME owners also need to manage the availability of input appropriately.Keywords: Efficiency; SME; DEAUKM berperan penting dalam perekonomian nasional. Untuk itu, para stakeholders diharapkan mempunyai perhatian terhadap perkembangan UKM melalui penerapan efisiensi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui nilai efisiensi teknis, biaya, dan alokatif UKM di Karesidenan Surakarta tahun 2015-2016. Metode yang digunakan adalah program Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). Variabel input meliputi tenaga kerja sedangkan variabel output adalah omset, asset, dan keuntungan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai rata-rata efisiensi teknis dan biaya adalah sama. Nilai rata-rata efisiensi teknis dan biaya UKM Kabupaten Sukoharjo tahun 2015 sebesar 0.850 meningkat menjadi 0.864 di tahun 2016. UKM Kabupaten Wonogiri mempunyai nilai efisiensi sebesar 0.746 meningkat menjadi 0.755. UKM Kabupaten Karanganyar juga meningkat nilai efisiensinya dari 0.648 menjadi 0.735. Efisiensi UKM Kota Surakarta menurun dari 0.692 menjadi 0.691 sedangkan UKM Kabupaten Sragen mempunyai nilai efisiensi dari 0.592 menjadi 0.562. Hasil efisiensi alokatif menunjukkan bahwa semua UKM di Karesidenan Surakarta sudah efisien. Rekomendasi penelitian ini adalah pelaku usaha UKM dan pemerintah daerah sebaiknya mendorong pemanfaatan input yang dapat menghasilkan output secara maksimal. Selain itu, pelaku usaha UKM juga perlu mengelola ketersediaan dan pengelolaan input secara tepat.Kata Kunci : Efisiensi; UKM; DEA
Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Penghindaran Pajak
Authors: Moeljono Moeljono
Published: March 2020

This study aimed to analyze the influence of ROA, Leverage, size, tax loss carry forwards, institutional ownership, and the risk companies against tac avoidance. Tax avoidance is a dependent variable in this study. Tax avoidance is measured by effective cash rate (CETR). The independent variables studied were ROA, Leverage, size of the company, tax loss carryforwards, institutional ownership, and the risk companies. This study using purposive sampling method with a sample 30 companies losted in the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2011–2018. Data analysis was performed with the classical assumption and hypothesis testig with multiple linier regression method. The results of this study indicate that the ROA, Leverage, size, tax loss carry forwards, institutional ownership, and the risk companies significant negative effect on tax avoidance..Keywords: Return On Assets (ROA); Leverage; Size Of The Company; Tax Loss Carryforwards; Institutional Ownership; The Risk CompaniesPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh ROA, leverage, ukuran perusahaan, kompensasi rugi fiskal, kepemilikan institusional, dan risiko perusahaan terhadap penghindaran pajak. Penghindaran pajak merupakan variabel dependen dalam penelitian ini. Penghindaran pajak diukur dengan ROA, leverage, ukuran perusahaan, kompensasi rugi fiskal, kepemilikan institusional, dan risiko perusahaan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metodepurposive sampling dengan sampel 30 perusahaan manufaktur yang terdaftar di BEI pada tahun 2011 – 2018. Analisis data dilakukan dengan uji asumsi klasik dan pengujian hipotesis dengan metode regresi linier berganda. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ROA, leverage ukuran perusahaan, kompensasi rugi fiskal, kepemilikan institusional dan risiko perusahaan tidak berpengaruh terhadap penghindaran pajak.Kata Kunci: ROA; Leverage; Ukuran Perusahaan; Kompensasi Rugi Fiskal; Kepemilikan Institusional; Risiko Perusahaan
Analisis Pengaruh Intensitas Modal, Intensitas Persediaan, Komisaris Independen dan Kepemilikan Manajerial Terhadap ETR
Authors: Syamsuddin Muhammad , Suryarini Trisni
Published: March 2020

This study aims to analyze the effect of capital intensity, inventory intensity, independent board of commissioners and managerial ownership on the effective tax rate. The population in this study are manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) in 2015-2017. The sample selection uses the purposive sampling method. The results of the sample selection obtained a final sample of 75 companies with an analysis unit of 225. The data analysis of this study used descriptive statistical analysis and Structural Analysis Modeling (SEM) with AMOS 22 software. The results showed that inventory intensity had a significant positive effect on ETR, while for intensity capital, independent board of commissioners and managerial ownership, have no significant effect on ETR. The conclusion of this study is that the size of ETR in manufacturing companies is influenced by inventory intensity. Whereas capital intensity, independent board of commissioners and managerial ownership in manufacturing companies cannot influence the size of the ETR value.Keywords: ETR; Capital Intensity; Managerial ownershiPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh intensitas modal, intensitas persediaan, dewan komisaris independen dan kepemilikan manajerial terhadap effective tax rate. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah perusahaan manufaktur yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) pada tahun 2015-2017. Pemilihan sampel menggunakan metode puposive sampling. Hasil seleksi sampel diperoleh sampel akhir sebanyak 75 perusahaan dengan unit analisis sebanyak 225. Analisis data penelitian ini menggunakan analisis statistik deskriptif dan Structural Analysis Modelling (SEM) dengan software AMOS 22. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa intensitas persediaan berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap ETR, sedangkan untuk intensitas modal, dewan komisaris independen dan kepemilikan manajerial, tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap ETR. Simpulan dari penelitian ini adalah besar kecilnya ETR dalam perusahaan manufaktur dipengaruhi oleh intensitas persediaan. Sedangkan intensitas modal, dewan komisaris independen dan kepemilikan manajerial dalam perusahaan manufaktur tidak dapat mempengaruhi besar kecilnya nilai ETR. Kata Kunci: ETR; Intensitas Modal; Kepemilikan Manajerial
Determinan Financial Distress dengan Profitabilitas Sebagai Variabel Moderating
Authors: Wilujeng Risma , Yulianto Agung
Published: March 2020

The purpose is to anlyze and describe the effects of leverage, market ratios, institusional ownership,audit commitees, and the effect of profitability moderation on financial distress. Population in this study food and baverage company listed on the Stock Exchange in 2013-2017. The research uses apurposive sampling method of 90 units analysis. The analytical method used is logistic regression and absolute value difference test. The results are leverage, market ratios, institutional ownership, audit committees, and market ratios, institutional ownership, audit committees that are moderated by profitability have no effect in financial distress. While leverage moderated by the effect of financial distress. The conclusion is, profitability moderates the effect of leverage on financial distess. Suggestions for further research are excepted to be able to use other company sectors, for example the property and real estate sector because in this study not many companies experience financial distress.Keyword : Financial Distress Keywords: Financial Distress; Laverage; Market Ratio; Corporate Governance; Profitability.Tujuan Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu menganalisis dan mendeskripsikan pengaruh laverage, rasio pasar, kepemilikan institusi, komite audit, dan pengaruh dari moderasi profitabilitas terhdap financial distress. Populasi penelitian yaitu perusahaan food and beverage yang terdaftar di BEI tahun 2013. Sampel yang digunakan metode purposive sampling sejumlah 90 unitanalisis. Metode analisis yang digunakan yaitu regresi logistic dan uji selisih mutlak Hasil penelitian yaitu laverage, rasio pasar, kepemilikan institusioal, komite audit yang dimoderasi profitabilitas ridak berpengaruh terhadap financial distress Sedangkan laverage yang dimoderasi oleh profitabilitas berpengaruh terhadap fianancial distress. Simpulan dari penelitian yaitu profitabilitas mempoderasi pengrauh leverage terhadap fianancial distress. Saran untuk peneliti berikutya dihrapkan menggunakan sektopr lain seperti sector property dan real estate, karena ini tidak banyak perusahaan yang mengalami financial distress.Kata Kunci: Financial Distress; Laverage; Rasio Pasasr; Corporate Governance; Profitabilitas
Tingkat Kepatuhan Wajib Pajak Badan dalam Memenuhi Kewajiban Perpajakannya Melalui Pemeriksa Pajak, Kesadaran dan Kualitas Pelayanan pada KPP Pratama Semarang Barat
Authors: Putri Belia Natasya , Septriana Ira
Published: March 2020

The purpose of this study is to determine the level of compliance of the Corporate Taxpayer in meeting tax obligations by increasing tax auditors, awareness and service quality at the West Semarang Pratama Tax Office. This study uses the population of Corporate Taxpayers registered at the West Semarang Pratama Tax Office with a population in 2018 of 11,723 Corporate Taxpayers. The number of samples used was 100 Corporate Taxpayers from the West Semarang Pratama Tax Office. In this study, the authors used multiple analysis tools to analyze the research data. This study has the result that there is a significant influence between tax auditors with taxpayer compliance, which means that more tax auditors can make taxpayers have increased awareness. The second hypothesis is that there is a significant positive effect between tax awareness and tax compliance. This means that the higher the level of tax awareness, the higher the taxpayer compliance. The last hypothesis has the result that there is a significant positive effect between service quality with taxpayer compliance. These results can be interpreted that if the quality of service for taxpayers has increased the taxpayers will be more obedient. Keywords : Tax Audit; Awareness; Service Quality; Tax ComplianceTujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan tingkat kepatuhan WP Badan dalam memenuhi kewajiban pajak dengan meningkatkan pemeriksa pajak, kesadaran dan kualitas layanan di KPP Pratama Semarang Barat. Penelitian ini menggunakan populasi pada WP Badan yang terdaftar di KPP Pratama Semarang Barat dengan jumlah populasi pada tahun 2018 sejumlah 11.723 WP Badan. Jumlah sampel yang digunakan adalah 100 WP Badan dari KPP Pratama Semarang Barat. Dalam penelitian ini penulis menggunakan alat analisis berganda guna menganalisis data hasil penelitian. Penelitian ini mempunyai hasil yaitu bahwa ada pengaruh yang signifikan antara pemeriksa pajak dengan kepatuhan wajib pajak, yang mempunyai arti bahwa lebih banyak pemeriksa pajak yang dapat membuat para wajib pajak itu mempunyai kesadaran yang meningkat. Hasil hipotesis yang kedua yaitu ada pengaruh positif signifikan antara kesadaran pajak dengan kepatuhan wajib pajak. Hal tersebut mempunyai arti bahwa semakin tinggi tingkat kesadaran pajak, maka semakin tinggi kepatuhan wajib pajak. Hipotesis yang terakhir mempunyai hasil yaitu ada pengaruh positif yang signifikan antara kualitas layanan dengan kepatuhan wajib pajak. Hasil tersebut dapat diartikan bahwa jika kualitas layanan terhadap wajib pajak mengalami peningkatan maka wajib pajak akan semakin patuh.Kata Kunci: Pemeriksa Pajak; Kesadaran; Kualitas Layanan; Kepatuhan Pajak
Socrates, Thrasymachus, and Competition among the Unjust:Republic1.349b–350c
Authors: Baima Nicholas R.
Published: March 2020

In Republic 1, Thrasymachus makes the radical claim that being just is ‘high-minded simplicity’ and being unjust is ‘good judgment’ (348c–e). Because injustice involves benefiting oneself, while justice involves benefiting others, the unjust are wise and good and the just are foolish and bad (348d–e). The “greedy craftsperson” argument (1.349b–350c) attempts to show that the unjust person's desire to outdo or have more than ( pleon echein) everyone is a symptom of her ignorance. Many commentaries have found the argument problematic and unclear. However, this paper argues that the greedy craftsperson argument defends plausible constraints on the nature of justice and wisdom.
‘The skailing of the picters’: The Coming of the Talkies in Small Rural Townships in Northern Scotland
Authors: Neely Sarah
Published: March 2020

Like that of many other nations, Scotland's film history has been characterised largely by its focus on its great metropolitan centres. The occasional studies which do look outside the ‘Central Belt’ stretching between Scotland's two greatest cities, Glasgow and Edinburgh, are likely to concentrate on two of its other sizeable cities, Aberdeen and Dundee. This article will consider cinemas north of Inverness (Scotland's most northerly city), including those in Wick, Thurso and the islands of Orkney and Shetland. The talkies arrived late to all of the townships considered. Cinema audiences dwindled as silent films fell out of favour with local audiences well aware of the ubiquity of the talkies elsewhere in Britain. When sound finally did arrive, the return of audiences to local picture houses had a great impact on the small rural townships, forcing councils to deal with the ‘problem of the talkie queues’ and the ‘skailing of the picters’ (the audiences spilling out into the town after a film). Using a variety of archival sources – local newspapers, council reports, oral histories and diary entries – this article focuses on the various economic and social impacts resulting from the arrival of sound.
‘within the reach of all’: Bringing Art to the People in Interwar Britain
Authors: West Emma
Published: March 2020

The years during and after the Great War saw an explosion in arts organisations attempting ‘to bring the Arts into everyday life’. 1 This essay argues that arts organisations should be seen alongside institutions like bookshops, magazines and galleries as key mediating institutions between modernist artists and writers and the general public. Using the Arts League of Service as a case study, I explore whether it was possible for such organisations to be experimental, educational and popular. To what extent could they reconcile their democratic principles with their belief in the transformative power of experimental modern art, design, literature and performance?
Global Patterns in Marine Sediment Carbon Stocks
Authors: Atwood Trisha B. , Witt Andrew , Mayorga Juan , Hammill Edd , Sala Enric
Published: March 2020

To develop more accurate global carbon (C) budgets and to better inform management of human activities in the ocean, we need high-resolution estimates of marine C stocks. Here we quantify global marine sedimentary C stocks at a 1-km resolution, and find that marine sediments store 2322 (2239–2391) Pg C in the top 1 m (nearly twice that of terrestrial soils). Sediments in abyss/basin zones account for 79% of the global marine sediment C stock, and 49% of that stock is within the 200-mile Exclusive Economic Zones of countries. Currently, only ∼2% of sediment C stocks are located in highly to fully protected areas that prevent the disturbance of the seafloor. Our results show that marine sediments represent a large and globally important C sink. However, the lack of protection for marine C stocks makes them highly vulnerable to human disturbances that can lead to their remineralization to CO2, further aggravating climate change impacts.
Reprogramming of Cell Fate During Root Regeneration by Transcriptional and Epigenetic Networks
Authors: Jing Tingting , Ardiansyah Rhomi , Xu Qijiang , Xing Qian , Müller-Xing Ralf
Published: March 2020

Many plant species are able to regenerate adventitious roots either directly from aerial organs such as leaves or stems, in particularly after detachment (cutting), or indirectly, from over-proliferating tissue termed callus. In agriculture, this capacity of de novo root formation from cuttings can be used to clonally propagate several important crop plants including cassava, potato, sugar cane, banana and various fruit or timber trees. Direct and indirect de novo root regeneration (DNRR) originates from pluripotent cells of the pericycle tissue, from other root-competent cells or from non-root-competent cells that first dedifferentiate. Independently of their origin, the cells convert into root founder cells, which go through proliferation and differentiation subsequently forming functional root meristems, root primordia and the complete root. Recent studies in the model plants Arabidopsis thaliana and rice have identified several key regulators building in response to the phytohormone auxin transcriptional networks that are involved in both callus formation and DNRR. In both cases, epigenetic regulation seems essential for the dynamic reprogramming of cell fate, which is correlated with local and global changes of the chromatin states that might ensure the correct spatiotemporal expression pattern of the key regulators. Future approaches might investigate in greater detail whether and how the transcriptional key regulators and the writers, erasers, and readers of epigenetic modifications interact to control DNRR.
Investigating Feature Selection and Random Forests for Inter-Patient Heartbeat Classification
Authors: Saenz-Cogollo Jose Francisco , Agelli Maurizio
Published: March 2020

Finding an optimal combination of features and classifier is still an open problem in the development of automatic heartbeat classification systems, especially when applications that involve resource-constrained devices are considered. In this paper, a novel study of the selection of informative features and the use of a random forest classifier while following the recommendations of the Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation (AAMI) and an inter-patient division of datasets is presented. Features were selected using a filter method based on the mutual information ranking criterion on the training set. Results showed that normalized beat-to-beat (R–R) intervals and features relative to the width of the ventricular depolarization waves (QRS complex) are the most discriminative among those considered. The best results achieved on the MIT-BIH Arrhythmia Database were an overall accuracy of 96.14% and F1-scores of 97.97%, 73.06%, and 90.85% in the classification of normal beats, supraventricular ectopic beats, and ventricular ectopic beats, respectively. In comparison with other state-of-the-art approaches tested under similar constraints, this work represents one of the highest performances reported to date while relying on a very small feature vector.
Experiments-Based Comparison of Different Power Controllers for a Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Against Model Imperfections and Delay Phenomena
Authors: Frenkel Wiebke , Rauh Andreas , Kersten Julia , Aschemann Harald
Published: March 2020

Solid oxide fuel cell systems such as those presented in this paper are not only applicable for a pure supply with electric energy, they can typically also be used in decentralized power stations, i.e., as micro-cogeneration systems for houses, where both electric and thermal energy are required. For that application, obviously, the electric power need is not constant but rather changes over time. In such a way, it essentially depends on the user profiles of said houses which can refer to e.g., private households as well as offices. The power use is furthermore not predefined. For an optimal operation of the fuel cell, we want to adjust the power, to match the need with sufficiently small time constants without the implementation of mid- or long-term electrical storage systems such as battery buffers. To adapt the produced electric power a simple, however, sufficiently robust feedback controller regulating the hydrogen mass flow into the cells is necessary. To achieve this goal, four different controllers, namely, a PI output-feedback controller combined with a feedforward control, an internal model control (IMC) approach, a sliding-mode (SM) controller and a state-feedback controller, are developed and compared in this paper. As the challenge is to find a controller ensuring steady-state accuracy and good tracking behavior despite the nonlinearities and uncertainties of the plant, the comparison was done regarding these requirements. Simulations and experiments show that the IMC outperforms the alternatives with respect to steady-state accuracy and tracking behavior.
Evaluation of the Effectiveness of the Use of Biopreparations as Seed Dressings
Authors: Kocira Sławomir , Hara Patryk , Szparaga Agnieszka , Czerwińska Ewa , Beloev Hristo , Findura Pavol , Bajus Peter
Published: March 2020

In laboratory tests, the effectiveness of water plant extracts obtained from 20 species of herbal plants on the degree of contamination of white mustard seeds (Sinapis alba L.) by fungal and bacterial pathogens was evaluated. The analysis showed that the contamination of the tested seed material was statistically significantly influenced by the plant species from which the biopreparations were obtained. However, there were no significant differences in the method of preparation of extracts for the examined traits. The tested natural preparations had a different effect on limiting the superficial growth of bacteria and fungi on seeds. However, infusion and macerate obtained from the bark of Salix alba L. were the most effective in limiting the contamination with both bacterial and fungal pathogens. The number of seeds infected with fungi after the application of these preparations was 24.25% on average, whereas in the case of bacterial colonization of the tested material, the value of this indicator was 1.00% on average.
Using Phosphorus-Rich Biochars to Remediate Lead-Contaminated Soil: Influence on Soil Enzymes and Extractable P
Authors: Netherway Pacian , Gascó Gabriel , Méndez Ana , Surapaneni Aravind , Reichman Suzie , Shah Kalpit , Paz-Ferreiro Jorge
Published: March 2020

In recent times, there has been increased focus on a holistic approach to soil remediation with consideration of social, economic and environmental factors. Consequently, there is a demand from practitioners and regulators alike for suitable ways to measure ancillary outcomes, for example, effects on soil quality. Here we show that biochar, when applied to land to remediate lead (Pb)-contaminated soils, can lead to environmental improvements not realized by adding mined or manufactured phosphates. Here, we study a Pb-contaminated soil amended with two phosphate fertilizers (slow- and fast-release) and with biochars produced from poultry litter and from biosolids at three temperatures (300 °C, 400 °C and 500 °C). The results show that, unlike the fast-release P fertilizer, biochars did not result in an increase in the amount of leachable P that could be released into the environment. Biochars prepared at 500 °C presented a higher value of the integrative geometric mean of soil enzyme activity, compared to the P fertilizers. Overall, our research shows that biochars, particularly those prepared at the higher temperature tested, are a suitable alternative to P fertilizers as an integrative remediation strategy in Pb-contaminated soils, enabling soil biological restoration.
Genetic Diversity of Local Peach (Prunus persica) Accessions from La Palma Island (Canary Islands, Spain)
Authors: Pérez Verónica , Larrañaga Nerea , Abdallah Donia , Wünsch Ana , Hormaza José I.
Published: March 2020

Peach (Prunus persica) is an economically important temperate fruit crop due to its edible fruits. Due to the need to develop new varieties better adapted to climate change, it is of great interest to find germplasm adapted to warmer conditions, such as those found in the Canary Islands. Peach was an important crop during the last century in one of those islands (La Palma), but its cultivation has been abandoned in recent years. Currently, commercial production is relict and isolated trees are relegated to family orchards with little management. With the objective to characterize and prevent the loss of local varieties of this crop, peach trees were sampled along La Palma. A total of 89 local peach accessions were prospected and analyzed with 10 single-sequence repeat (SSR) loci, which permitted 28 different genotype profiles to be detected. These genotypes were compared to 95 Spanish peach landraces conserved in an ex situ collection, and 26 additional samples from eight different countries. Results showed that the peach genetic diversity found in La Palma was low. In addition, a relation between La Palma samples and other Spanish peaches was observed, which could indicate the arrival of genetic material from the Iberian Peninsula and subsequent intercrossing and local selection of the genotypes more adapted to the subtropical climate of the island. The population structure reflects a grouping of the samples based on fruit type and geographic origin.
A Comparison of Selected Biochemical and Physical Characteristics and Yielding of Fruits in Apple Cultivars (Malus domestica Borkh.)
Authors: Yoon Hong-Ki , Kleiber Tomasz , Zydlik Zofia , Rutkowski Krzysztof , Woźniak Agnieszka , Świerczyński Sławomir , Bednarski Waldemar , Kęsy Jacek , Marczak Łukasz , Seo Jeong-Hak , Choi Taeg-Yong , Kang Kyeong-Jin , Kafkas Neisbe Ebru , Bocianowski Jan , Jeandet Philippe , Morkunas Iwona
Published: March 2020

The aim of the research was to determine selected biochemical and physical characteristics and yielding of fruits in apple varieties (Malus domestica Borkh) such as Gala Schniga, Beni Shogun (Fuji) and Ligol, M.9 rootstock growing in the Wielkopolska region, Poland. high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis revealed differences both in the profile and contents of soluble sugars and other metabolites detected in fruits of the tested apple varieties. The highest total saccharide content was found in fruits of cv. Gala Schniga, while leaves and shoots of this variety showed the lowest contents. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy revealed the lowest contents of semiquinone radicals in apple fruits and the highest in leaves of apple trees. All organs of Schniga Gala apple trees were characterized by the highest levels of these radicals. Besides, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of abscisic acid (ABA) revealed the highest levels of this molecule in shoots of apple trees, especially the Beni Shogun variety, while in fruits the levels were the lowest. Ligol fruits had the highest content of ABA. The percentage of injury observed after a low-temperature treatment and estimated on the basis of electrolyte leakage, was shown to be the lowest in fruits of the Beni Shogun variety. In turn, the lowest average yield of apple fruits was recorded for the Ligol and Fuji varieties, with the highest in the case of the Gala Schniga variety. At the same time, a significant variability in the average weight of fruits was observed; the highest average mass of fruits was recorded for the Ligol variety, while it was lowest for Gala Schniga. Additionally, firmness evaluation of the fruits revealed that the firmest fruits were harvested from Gala apple trees, before the Beni Shogun and Ligol varieties. A significant variability was recorded in the red blush on fruit surfaces of the tested varieties, with Ligol fruits having the weakest blush. Altogether, these results indicate that fruits of the analyzed apple varieties differed both in terms of their biochemical composition and physical characteristics.
The Impact of Grouping on Skin Lesions and Meat Quality of Pig Carcasses
Authors: Driessen Bert , Van Beirendonck Sanne , Buyse Johan
Published: March 2020

In practice, unfamiliar pigs are frequently mixed prior to loading in order to obtain groups of uniform weight and to adjust the group size to the dimensions of the trailer compartments. Mixing pigs induces aggressive interactions to establish a new social rank. Fighting results in skin lesions and pre-slaughter stress and, in turn, reduced meat quality. A study was performed to compare the effect of non-regrouping and regrouping at fattening (at 80 kg and kept till slaughter), loading and lairage. A total of 1332 pigs were included over 30 transports from one pig farm to one slaughterhouse (110 km). Skin lesions were determined on 1314 carcasses. Meat quality was measured on 620 pigs. The non-regrouped pigs had fewer skin lesions and better meat quality than the pigs regrouped at loading or in lairage. Pigs mixed at 80 kg at the farm had, in general, a comparable amount of skin lesions and comparable meat quality as the non-mixed group. If mixing is unavoidable, due to large within-group weight variations, mixing at 80 kg can be an alternative to reduce skin lesions at slaughter and to optimise meat quality.
Mitogenome Diversity and Maternal Origins of Guangxi Buffalo Breeds
Authors: Sun Ting , Huang Guangyun , Sun Junli , Wang Zihao , Teng Shaohua , Cao Yanhong , Hanif Quratulain , Chen Ningbo , Lei Chuzhao , Liao Yuying
Published: March 2020

Guangxi Province, in the southwest of China, is one of the putative migratory corridors or domestication centers for swamp buffalo. In this study, we investigated the evolutionary status of two Guangxi native buffalo breeds (Fuzhong buffalo, n = 15; Xilin buffalo, n = 25) based on the complete mitogenome sequencing. Our results revealed rich genetic diversity in the two buffalo breeds. We detected five haplogroups (SA1, SA2, SB1, SB2, SB3) in the two Guangxi buffalo breeds, and the haplogroup SB3 in the Fuzhong buffalo. Our results showed that the haplogroup SA1 was associated with the major domestication event that involved population expansion in Guangxi buffalo. In conclusion, our findings revealed a high level of maternal genetic diversity and the phylogenetic pattern of the two Guangxi buffalo breeds.