bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
UTILIZACIÓN DE SENSORES MICROONDAS EN ANÁLISIS DE SANGRE CON MÉTODOS NO INVASIVOS
Authors: Orozco Cazco Cristina Alejandra , Larrea Luzuriaga Roberto Alejandro
Published: January 2025

Este documento es una investigación bibliográfica acerca del estado del arte con respecto a estudios realizados sobre el campo de las microondas y su utilización para la implementación de sensores, enfocados al área biológica es decir biosensores que puedan detectar ciertos componentes biológicos como químicos, aplicando ciertas propiedades del electromagnetismo, mediante la obtención de datos de permitividad y permeabilidad al aplicar ondas electromagnéticas a una frecuencia y medirlas mediante técnicas de reflexión y/o transmisión, en materiales orgánicos, en este caso en específico en la sangre, de manera que aplicando una técnica no invasiva se pueda realizar análisis concluyentes o diagnósticos de posibles problemas, enfermedades o trastornos que un paciente pudiese tener y que la vía de su detección ordinaria sea a través de análisis clínicos de sangre.
Dear Software Engineer – Know Your Limits, Please!
Authors: Dhanawade Prof. (Dr.) Sunil S
Published: January 2025

“Dear Software Engineer – Know Your Limits Please!” is an insightful and relatable exploration of the human experience behind the software engineering profession. Moving beyond the technical aspects, it delves into the mindset, emotional challenges, and life decisions that define this dynamic career.
PENGARUH KEMANDIRIAN BELAJAR TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN PEMECAHAN MASALAH MATEMATIKA SISWA KELAS X SMA NEGERI 6 DENPASAR TAHUN AJARAN 2018/2019
Authors: Angga Putera I Komang John , Payadnya I Putu Ade Andre , Puspadewi Kadek Rahayu
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian korelasional dengan metode ex post facto. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan pengaruh kemandirian belajar terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika siswa kelas X SMA Negeri 6 Denpasar. Populasi berjumlah 335 orang dengan sampel sejumlah 81 orang ditentukan dengan teknik cluster random sampling. Data mengenai kemandirian belajar siswa dikumpulkan dengan angket dan data mengenai kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika siswa dikumpulkan dengan tes uraian. Materi yang digunakan pada tes kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika adalah materi trigonometri. Uji hipotesis dilakukan dengan analisis regresi sederhana dan berganda dengan taraf signifikansi 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, 1) terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan kemandirian belajar terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika, 2) hasil uji determinasi menunjukkan sumbangan relatif kemandirian belajar terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika sebesar 68,23%.
PENGEMBANGAN E-MODUL BERMUATAN HIGHER ORDER THINKING SKILLS BERBASIS PROBLEM BASED LEARNING
Authors: Febriani Arum Kezia  , Ni Ketut Erawati  , Ni Kadek Rini Purwati
Published: January 2025

Kebutuhan kompetensi siswa saat ini mengharuskan siswa dapat belajar berpikir kritis. Untuk itu diperlukan sebuah media pembelajaran yang dapat membantu siswa dalam memenuhi kompetensi tersebut, maka disusunlah penelitian ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui proses pengembangan serta kualitas dari E-Modul bermuatan Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) berbasis Problem Based Learning. Subjek Uji coba dari penelitian ini adalah para ahli, siswa, dan pendidik. Penelitian pengembangan ini menggunakan model ADDIE (Analyze, Design, Development, Implementation, dan Evaluation). Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian pengembangan ini adalah metode angket dan tes. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah teknik analisis kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Hasil penelitian pengembangan ini menyimpulkan bahwa hasil dari uji ahli materi e-modul terkualifikasi sangat valid. Hasil uji ahli media menyatakan bahwa e-modul berkualifikasi sangat valid. Untuk hasil respon siswa menunjukan bahwa e-modul berkualifikasi praktis. Untuk hasil respon pendidik menunjukan kualifikasi sangat praktis. Kemudian untuk hasil tes diperoleh kualifikasi efektif. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa produk media E-Modul bermuatan Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) berbasis Problem Based Learning telah teruji kualitasnya dan layak untuk digunakan dalam proses pembelajaran.
Territorial Concessions to the Aggressor
Authors: Herbert Felix
Published: January 2025

How can Russia’s war of aggression against Ukraine be brought to an end? With recent proposals by the Trump transition team, a possible peace treaty with Ukraine and Russia is gaining renewed attention. Gregory Fox predicts that “territorial transfers […] would likely be at the heart of any agreement”. The rule on coerced treaties (Art. 52 VCLT) poses a major legal obstacle to territorial concessions to an aggressor state. Under that rule, a treaty is void if its conclusion has been procured by an unlawful threat or use of force. That notwithstanding, a treaty invalid under Art. 52 VCLT can be validated by the UN Security Council (UNSC), a solution that is also compatible with jus cogens.
(K)ein guter Kompromiss
Authors: Godau Laura-Theresa
Published: January 2025

Der Text beleuchtet die widersprüchliche Rechtslage zu Schwangerschaftsabbrüchen in Deutschland, die seit 1995 gilt. Trotz einer politischen Einigung bleibt die Regelung rechtlich problematisch, da sie einen Schwangerschaftsabbruch nach Beratung als straflos, aber rechtswidrig einstuft.

Die aktuelle Debatte um einen neuen Gesetzentwurf verdeutlicht die Schwierigkeiten einer konsistenten Regelung. Der Text fordert eine Neubewertung der veralteten Rechtslage zugunsten einer klareren Regelung, die die reproduktive Selbstbestimmung stärkt.
When artificial intelligence (AI) meets organoids and organs-on-chips (OoCs): Game-changer for drug discovery and development?
Authors: Zhou Liangbin , Chen Shangsi , Liu Jun , Zhou Zhilong , Yan Zhenyu , Li Chenzhong , Zeng Xiangxiang , Tuan Rocky S. , Li Zhong Alan
Published: January 2025

Research and development (R & D) of new drugs is a core engine driving medical progress and plays a crucial role in shaping human health and well-being. Challenges to the conventional drug discovery and development (DDD) pipeline include high cost, long duration, and unsatisfactorily high drug attrition rates. Recently, artificial intelligence (AI) and organoids/organs-on-chips (OoCs) have emerged as revolutionary toolboxes for potentially transforming therapeutic development. By analyzing large-scale datasets and complicated biological networks, AI promises to significantly impact modern drug innovation. Organoids/OoCs are emerging in vitro biological models that mimic the essential characteristics of human organs and tissues, offering potentially unparalleled physiological relevance and predictive power for in vitro disease modeling and pharmaceutical development. Over the past few years, several AI- or/and organoids/OoCs-discovered drugs have entered clinical trials, signaling the dawn of a new era of DDD. Notably, utilizing AI and organoids/OoCs simultaneously combines the best of both worlds and represents an innovative strategy to potentially expedite DDD. In this Perspective, we briefly introduce the general concepts of AI and organoids/OoCs, explore their state-of-the-art applications in DDD, and discuss why and how their synergistic impacts can revolutionize the R & D of new drugs. We also address current limitations and propose potential solutions to propel this innovative approach forward.
Опыт развития функциональной грамотности на основе совершенствования методической работы и учебно-методического обеспечения
Authors: Исмаилова Гайнигул , Нагымжанова Каракат , Хасенова Клара
Published: January 2025

В статье представлен опыт развития функциональной грамотности на основе совершенствования методической работы учебно-методического обеспечения.  Авторами подчёркнуто, функциональная грамотность – это сложный, многосторонний, длительный процесс, являющийся важным ключевым элементом современного образования, способствующим успешной социализации и интеграции личности в общество. В статье сделан акцент на необходимости требования  от образовательных систем пересмотра традиционных подходов и внедрения инновационных методик, направленных на формирование навыков, необходимых для решения задач повседневной жизни и успешной адаптации к будущему. В качестве материалов исследования послужил современный обзор научной отечественной литературы, а также материал практической апробации теоретических идей и научно - методических семинаров «Формирование функциональной грамотности учащихся средней школы на уроках по предметам языкового цикла» в течение 2022-2024 гг. на базе средних образовательных школ Бескарагайского, Абайского, Аягозского и Кокпектинского районов, города Семей области Абай и других образовательных учреждений и проведения 2 курсов повышения квалификации. В завершении статьи  был сделан вывод, подтверждающий, для развития функциональной грамотности актуальны современные подходы и соответствующие им интерактивные методы.
The role of teacher's pedagogical competencies in the development of students' metacognitive competencies
Authors: Kenzhebayeva Zhumagul , Matayev Berik , Kenenbayeva Marzhan , Sarbassova Gulzat
Published: January 2025

The present article deals with the problematic issues revealing the role of teacher's pedagogical competencies in the development of schoolchildren's metacognitive competencies. The purpose of the study is to investigate the significance of didactic competencies in the formation of required skills and abilities in schoolchildren. The research methodology included literary analysis of available sources, questionnaire survey and testing of high school students. As a result, it was found that pedagogical competencies do contribute to the development of required competencies in students, provided that the teacher uses in his/her activity various methods, means and techniques of influence on his/her students. The findings indicate that there is a relationship between teachers' pedagogical competencies and the development of students' metacognitive skills. However, the study also revealed a number of problems. Firstly, students reported insufficient development of teachers' pedagogical competencies. Secondly, a low level of meta-skills in students themselves was established in parallel. Based on the results obtained, recommendations are offered to improve the level of teachers' pedagogical competencies in order to improve the indicators of metacognitive competencies development among high school students. These recommendations take into account the identified problems and are based on the successful experience of applying the developed methodology.
The research methodology included literary analysis of available sources, questionnaire survey and testing of high school students. As a result, it was found that pedagogical competencies do contribute to the development of required competencies in students, provided that the teacher uses in his/her activity various methods, means and techniques of influence on his/her students.
The findings indicate that there is a relationship between teachers' pedagogical competencies and the development of students' metacognitive skills. However, the study also revealed a number of problems. Firstly, students reported insufficient development of teachers' pedagogical competencies. Secondly, a low level of meta-skills in students themselves was established in parallel.
Based on the results obtained, recommendations are offered to improve the level of teachers' pedagogical competencies in order to improve the indicators of metacognitive competencies development among high school students. These recommendations take into account the identified problems and are based on the successful experience of applying the developed methodology.
The research activity of a teacher in the system of continuing education as one of the forms of professional development
Authors: Utilova Aigul , Shakenova Tattigul , Aushakhmanova Bakytgul
Published: January 2025

The article considers the importance of the research activity of a teacher in the system of continuing education as one of the forms of professional development. The development of education makes it more and more urgent today to solve the problem of the teacher's professionalism and the level of his competence. This is due to the fact that society is aware of the need for qualitative improvement of education, its focus on expanding the capabilities of the individual. These expectations, depending on social needs and new opportunities for personal realization, necessitate the creation of an effective mechanism to identify the specific professional capabilities of each teacher and the prospects for his growth. Therefore, in the article we formulated such a goal; defining the role of a teacher's research activity in the system of continuing education as one of the forms of professional development. The research competence of a teacher is an integral part of professional competence, and ensures its effectiveness – this is a characteristic of the teacher's personality, meaning possession of skills and methods of research activity at the technological level in order to find knowledge to solve educational problems, build the educational process in accordance with the values-goals of modern education, the mission of the organization of education, the desired educational result. The professional development of a teacher is of paramount importance in the development of society as a whole: the personality of a teacher, as well as his professional knowledge, is the value capital of society. A teacher is able to convey to students only those value orientations that are inherent in himself. Therefore, it is necessary for teachers to systematically improve their professional level and implement the concept of continuing education.
PHYSIO - ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF Sn/Pb SOLDER AFFECTED ALUMINUM SUBJECTED TO PLASTIC DEFORMATION AND THERMAL TREATMENT
Authors: Kaiser Mohammad Salim
Published: January 2025

In the present work, the precipitation behaviour of solder affected Al - Sn - Pb alloy is investigated as a function of cold deformation and artificial ageing using microhardness measurements, electrical resistivity, differential scanning calorimetry, X-Ray diffraction analysis as well as microstructural observation. To compare the aforementioned properties three different types of aluminium have been selected for analysis: commercially pure aluminium, binary aluminium with tin, and binary aluminium with lead. It has been found that changes in such parameters like cold rolling and thermal treatment play a crucial role in influencing the physio-electrical qualities of alloys. The alloys exhibit two distinct processes: solid solution strengthening combined with strain hardening resulting from cold plastic deformation, and the softening mechanisms of recovery and recrystallization. The presence of solder positively influences the hardness of pure aluminium at lower aging temperatures, primarily due to solid solution strengthening from tin and lead, albeit at the cost of conductivity. The superior performance of BCC tin over the similar FCC lead structure to Al is attributed to its unique crystal structure. Furthermore, neither of the two elements forms any intermetallic with Al, while Sn and cast alloy impurities do form a variety of intermetallic. DSC and XRD study also confirm the presence of those elements. The micrographs study of cold rolled alloys has confirmed elongated grain at the rolling direction and relatively thick grain boundaries of minor alloying elements due to the presenceof different particles. All the alloys attain more or less re-crystallized state after ageing at 350oC for one hour.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE MECHANOCHEMICAL HEM ACTIVATION EFFECT ON THE MICROSTRUCTURE AND PHASE TRANSFORMATIONS OF SEDIMENTARY APATITES
Authors: Petkova Vilma , Mihaylova Katerina , Serafimova Ekaterina , Kaljuvee Tiit
Published: January 2025

High-energy-ball-milling (HEM) is a well-known approach for preparing various solid materials with increased reactivity. Such a manner of material activation is environmentally friendly and an alternative to the disadvantages of the traditional processing of phosphate raw materials that leads to pollution by solid phases and gaseous technological products.This work investigates a natural CaO-P2O5-SiO2 system with 46.5 - 48.4 % CaO, 29.0 - 29.6 % Р2О5 with a different amount of SiO2 - from 1.9 to 7.3 %. The samples were activated with 20 mm Cr/Ni bodies using a planetary ball mill for different times - 150 and 300 min.The structural, phase, and size transformations of the high-energy milled (HEM) samples in comparison to the raw samples were examined by chemical analysis low-temperature nitrogen adsorption (BET) method, powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy.The obtained data indicate an increased defectiveness of the structure with prolonged HEM activation time leading to (i) the formation of XRD-amorphous particles, low-intensity and broadened peaks, (ii) increase of reactivity resulting in solid-phase crystallization of tri-calcium phosphates (TCP), pyro-phosphates (CPP), and (iii) isomorphic substitution of carbonate and hydroxyl ions for PO43- and F- with formation of carbonate-fluorine-hydroxyl-apatite, types A and AB.
Valoarea resurselor educaționale multimodale pentru achiziția lexicului în învățarea limbilor străine
Authors: Stegaru Miruna-Alexandra
Published: January 2025

This research examines the role of multimodal educational resources in optimizing the lexical acquisition process in the context of learning French as a foreign language, highlighting the need for a paradigmatic shift in current pedagogical approaches. The study combines a theoretical analysis of multimodal media literacy and multimodal document concepts with mixed empirical research, including interviews with 21 teachers and a questionnaire administered to a sample of 58 students.
The results reveal that, while multimodal documents are perceived as valuable tools for improving lexical retention and increasing student motivation (96.5% of respondents confirming their effectiveness), their implementation in pedagogical practice remains limited and primarily focused on passive reception rather than developing production and critical analysis skills. The research highlights the need to reconfigure school curricula and teaching methodologies to systematically integrate multimodal literacy, thus contributing to the formation of competent digital citizens.
This work opens new perspectives for further research on optimizing the lexical acquisition process through the lens of linguistic intercomprehension and neurolinguistics, while proposing an updated theoretical framework for integrating multimodal resources into teaching practice.
La Jurisprudencia Interamericana y el Proceso Electivo Comunitario de Ayutla de los Libres, Guerrero
Authors: Nochebuena Bravo Iván
Published: January 2025

El presente artículo pretende presentar la relevancia de la jurisprudencia interamericana en la construcción de modelos democráticos más inclusivos y en consonancia con los derechos de los pueblos indígenas. Primero, se presentará un vistazo general del sistema interamericano de protección a los derechos humanos específicamente la naturaleza y función consultiva y jurisdiccional de la Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos (CoIDH), este organismo de defensa y promoción de los derechos humanos de los pueblos indígenas en la región; segundo, se analizarán los derechos a la autodeterminación y de consulta previa, libre e informada partiendo de dos casos más representativos resueltos por la CoIDH: Caso Yatama Vs. Nicaragua y Caso Pueblo indígena Kichwa de Sarayaku Vs. Ecuador, constituyendo jurisprudencia relevante en materia de derechos colectivos indígenas; tercero, se incorpora el impacto de la reforma al artículo 2° de la Constitución General del 2024 que refuerza los derechos de los pueblos indígenas a la autodeterminación y la consulta previa; finalmente se examinará la relación entre la jurisprudencia derivada de esos dos casos y el cambio de modelo de elección del municipio indígena Ayutla de los Libres en Guerrero, demostrando como la autodeterminación y consulta previa influyen en la transición hacia modelos de democracia y autonomía comunitaria.
Single-Stage Clipping of Triple Intracranial Aneurysms in the Anterior Circulation Through Unilateral Pterional Approach in a 42-Year-Old Female: A Case Report
Authors: Santiago Raymark
Published: January 2025

Multiple intracranial aneurysms are not uncommon in patients with cerebral aneurysms, however, studies relating to its natural history, symptomatology and management have not been extensively explored especially in the local setting. The case presented is that of a 42-yearold hypertensive female with a three-day history of sudden severe throbbing headache. The patient had three intracranial saccular aneurysms, two on the middle cerebral artery and one on the anterior cerebral artery. The three intracranial aneurysms were clipped through a right pterional approach in one operative procedure. The surgical and postoperative courses were unremarkable. The patient recovered well with no neurologic deficits and was subsequently discharged after three weeks. Single-stage clipping can be performed in the presence of multiple intracranial aneurysms.
Policy Researcher and Policymaker; An Investigation into Factors Affecting the Effectiveness of Policy Research in Governmental Science Policies in Iran
Authors: Farasatkhah Maghsoud , Maniee Reza
Published: January 2025

The Global Knowledge Index report indicates that Iran's ranking in certain indicators, such as higher education system inputs, knowledge capital, and research output, is relatively average. However, its ranking in outputs, particularly the ultimate impact of research, is among the lowest globally. The aim of this study is to identify the factors influencing the effectiveness of policy research in the decision-making and policy-making processes of science and higher education. A quantitative survey method was employed to test the hypotheses. A proportionate random sample was selected from faculty members and researchers in six policy research institutions in the field of science, research, and technology. Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin and Bartlett's sphericity tests were conducted, followed by factor analysis with varimax rotation, structural equation modeling, and importance-performance map analysis. All but the second hypothesis were confirmed. The researchers' status, in terms of "emigration, marginalization, or active residence," was related to the "structure and behavior of the government in the field of science, the independence of the academic institution, and the freedom of researchers, as well as decentralization and de-politicization." Three categories of interventions—"1. managerial and organizational, 2. interactive, and 3. researcher-driven interventions"—influenced their research strategies and tactics. These strategies and tactics, in turn, affected the "effectiveness of research both in public policy-making for the government and in the discursive and social impacts of science." Significant differences were observed between men and women in terms of whether these interventions were "interactive" or involved "knowledge re-creation" and a "critical and socially responsive approach." Some generational differences were also observed in the effectiveness of research. Researchers whose strategies primarily involved interaction with the scientific community differed significantly in terms of effectiveness from those who interacted with a larger society. Various policy recommendations were provided.
Requirements for revising and rewriting the regulations for promotion of faculty members in Iran's higher education institutions
Authors: rezayan ali hossein , rezayan ahad , Abolmaali Fatemeh Sadat , Sarmast Bahram
Published: January 2025

Purpose: The regulations for the promotion of faculty members are one of the important drivers in the field of education and research in higher education and one of the important drivers in the direction of science, technology and innovation policies in the country. Therefore, any change in this regulation can affect the path of science, technology and innovation in the country and bring important consequences even in political and social fields. Therefore, this study seeks to answer the question of what features and specifications should the revised and updated version of the promotion regulation have? To suit the needs of different stakeholders and to be more responsive and effective?
Research method: This research is qualitative and thematic analysis. The method of collecting data and information included interviews, library studies and comparative studies. Also, while interviewing academic experts and experts in the field of study, efforts have been made to collect and analyze supplementary data. These interviews were purposefully conducted with 20 academic experts and experts (with snowball sampling method) in the field of the subject.
Findings: In the qualitative part of the research, 37 codes and 5 main themes were identified and prioritized in the qualitative part of the research with the open and central coding of the data obtained from the interview and the expert panel.
Conclusion: In open coding, 37 primary codes were extracted from interviews with experts, and finally, this network of themes were categorized into 5 main themes. According to the experts, the priority of these topics for examining "the effect of the regulation on the promotion of academic faculty members on the future of higher education in the country" are: society's expectations from the university, academic faculty members' satisfaction with the implementation of the regulations, the compatibility of the regulations with the macro trends, the effectiveness of the regulations From the emerging technologies, the analysis of interdisciplinary researches (the lagging of regulations from the 3rd and 4th generation universities).
Imágenes de la naturaleza americana en el sur del Perú colonial
Authors: González Ricardo
Published: January 2025

Naturaleza, cultura andina y concepciones doctrinales jesuíticas. Las Iglesias del Lago Titicaca en Chucuito tardo colonial.Carla Maranguello, Universidad Católica San Pablo, Centro de las Artes, Arequipa, 2023, 365 páginas.
Fuentes y temas en los sermones lulianos predicados en fiesta de la Universidad Luliana de Mallorca (1695-1712)
Authors: Garí Pallicer Miguel Gabriel
Published: January 2025

Resumen: El presente texto tiene como objetivo el estudio de las fuentes y temas presentes en los sermones predicados en la Universidad Luliana de Mallorca desde la fundación de la institución en 1695 hasta la conquista borbónica de la ciudad de Palma en 1715. A partir de fuentes generadas por la propia universidad, de pasquines manuscritos y de sermones impresos se trata de documentar las circunstancias del contexto cultural e institucional en el que estas predicaciones fueron publicadas. A partir del estudio de estos textos se entrevén tanto la formación y las influencias de una parte de la élite cultural mallorquina como algunas de las ideas presentes en los principales debates culturales y políticos del periodo en el Reino de Mallorca, en especial, los enmarcados en el enfrentamiento entre los anti- y los prolulianos.
Sarx y Soma en el cuarto evangelio
Authors: Rojas Gálvez Ignacio
Published: January 2025

El presente trabajo tiene por objeto el estudio de los términos carne (sarx) y cuerpo (soma) en el cuarto evangelio. Para ello, analizamos cada una de las frecuencias de los términos en el evangelio e interpretamos su significado a la luz del conjunto de evangelio y de otros testimonios bíblicos. Carne y cuerpo tienen un significado específico en la teología joánica. Durante mucho tiempo se ha dado a estos términos un valor compartido con el que le dan otras corrientes teológicas del Nuevo Testamento, como la paulina o la sinóptica. Sin embargo, para el cuarto evangelio son conceptos que tienen una fuerte significación cristológica y evidencian respectivamente la humanidad y la divinidad de Jesús.
Tuber-Based Farming Management to Increase Household Food Availability: A Case Study of Shifting Cultivation among the Arfak Tribes
Authors: Dampa Djuliati , Bulkis Sitti , * Rahmadanih , W. Widati Agatha
Published: January 2025

Arfak tribal farmers employ root crop cultivation management within shifting agriculture systems to ensure household food security. Nevertheless, there is a paucity of comprehensive information regarding their agricultural management practices. This study seeks to investigate the root crop farming management techniques utilized by Arfak tribal farmers in shifting cultivation to maintain household food availability, employing Parsons' theory of action approach. The research methodology incorporated a quantitative approach with a survey design, with research sites purposively selected in two districts of Manokwari Regency. A sample of 102 farmer households was chosen as respondents through a combination of purposive and snowball sampling techniques. Descriptive statistics were employed for data analysis. The findings reveal that farmers, as key actors in root crop farm management, generally sustain productivity, demonstrate literacy skills with extensive farming experience spanning over two decades, and have participated in agriculture-related non-formal education. These farmers typically belong to large families and rely solely on farming as their income source. The management of root crop cultivation within a shifting cultivation system necessitates farmers' consideration of critical factors, including the availability of communal land, familial labor resources, and access to capital in the form of equipment and plant seeds. Farmers demonstrate the ability to effectively manage available production factors, enabling them to cultivate root crops for both consumption and income generation. The strategies employed in root crop cultivation management for maintaining household food availability encompass the management of production factors (land, labor, and capital), oversight of cultivation activities (land preparation, seed preparation, planting, plant maintenance, and harvesting), and management of harvest yield utilization. A consistently observed practice among farmers in root crop cultivation is the adherence to the principle of restricting planting to the susti area. The preservation of social, ecological, and economic values in farming is evident in the root crop farm management practices of these farmers.
Plasticity in Nodal Root Hardpan Penetration, Deep Soil Water Uptake, and Shoot Dry Matter Production under Soil Moisture Fluctuations Using Chromosome Segment Substitution Lines of Rice
Authors:   Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8061, Japan, Nguyen Dinh Thi Ngoc ,   Faculty of Agronomy, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Gialam, Hanoi, Vietnam, Rodriguez Suralta Roel , Kano Nakata Mana ,   Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8061, Japan,   International Cooperation Center for Agricultural Education, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8061, Japan, Mitsuya Shiro ,   Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8061, Japan, Owusu Nketia Stella ,   Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8061, Japan,   Crop Science Department, School of Agriculture, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, P. O. Box LG 44, Legon-Accra, Ghana, Yamauchi Akira ,   Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8061, Japan
Published: January 2025

Rainfed lowland (RFL) fields generally experience soil moisture fluctuations (SMF) and have a hardpan layer that impedes deep rooting during episodes of drought. The development of root systems in response to SMF and the ability of roots to elongate through the hardpan when it becomes relatively soft during re-watering are key rice traits to efficiently extract water at the deep soil during subsequent periods of drought. Thus, this study aimed to identify their chromosome segment substitution lines (CSSLs) from Sasanishiki and Habataki crosses, which have root plasticity exhibited in response to SMF, which enables plants to penetrate the hardpan and develop deep root systems. Root plasticity was evaluated by comparing root traits between each of the 39 CSSLs and their recurrent parent, Sasanishiki, under water-stressed and well-watered (WW control) conditions in hydroponics and soil-filled pots. Among the 39 CSSLs, three (SL34, SL35 and SL39) had similar growth as Sasanishiki under WW, but were able to produce greater shoot dry weight than their recurrent parent under transient soil moisture stress in hydroponics and soil culture. Under SMF, in the rootbox-pinboard and rootbox-hardpan systems, only SL39 showed a significantly greater root system development than Sasanishiki. SL39 also had a more enhanced root aerenchyma formation than Sasanishiki in the shallow layer during drought-rewatered conditions under SMF, possibly facilitating atmospheric O2 diffusion to the root tips. As a consequence, SL39 promoted nodal root elongation through the hardpan during rewatering and subsequent greater deep root system development to access more water from the deep soil during the drought period of SMF, relative to Sasanishiki. The results implied that SL39 can be a good genetic material to study the QTLs associated with plasticity in root hardpan penetration and deep root system development in rice.
Application of sports medicine integration in the sports industry and quantitative evaluation of its impact on health
Authors: Jiang Yu , Niu Lili , Meng Liangfang
Published: January 2025

Sports medicine’s involvement in the sports sector has become important as organizations and individuals look to improve performance while lowering injury risks. The research aims to examine how sports medicine is incorporated into the sports sector and assess its effects on health quantitatively. Sports medicine is a subspecialty of medicine that focuses on identifying, managing, and avoiding injuries associated with sports and physical exercise. Exercise science, physical therapy, and orthopedics are all combined to maximize athletes’ performance and recuperation. Through preventative care and rehabilitation techniques, sports medicine also aims to promote general health and fitness. A total of 320 athletes from diverse sports participated in this research. It examines the application of sports medicine practices, including injury prevention, rehabilitation, and performance enhancement, across various sports disciplines. A pre-test and post-test evaluation framework to gauge how well sports medicine has been incorporated into the sports sector. Post-tests were given to evaluate changes in performance measures following an eight-week intervention. The data was analyzed using statistical methods, including descriptive statistics, paired t-tests, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), and regression analyses that were utilized to compare pre- and post-intervention data and performed to determine the relationship between sports medicine interventions and improvements in health outcomes and performance metrics. It effectively demonstrates the benefits of incorporating sports medicine into the sports sector, offering indications of notable enhancements in athletes’ physical and mental health.
存在主义是一种难以兑现的人道主义
Authors: Fu Qianying , Li Qifeng
Published: January 2025

萨特在《存在主义是一种人道主义》中解答了关于存在主义的疑问、误解和歪曲，强调存在主义不是一种悲观哲学，而是在悲观和混乱中找到出路，实现人的自由的哲学，因此，存在主义是一种人道主义。但是，萨特高度宣扬绝对自由的性质，否认了必然性和客观条件对自由的约束作用，因此，存在主义实际上是一种难以兑现的人道主义。
抗疫精神融入高校文明校园创建研究
Authors: He Zhichuan , Wu Xiuna
Published: January 2025

抗疫精神是第一批纳入中国共产党人精神谱系的伟大精神，是思想政治教育宝贵的精神文化资源，必须要继承好、发扬好。深入挖掘抗疫精神的时代价值，将抗疫精神有机融入高校文明校园创建中，培养勇于担当、乐于奉献的时代新人，提升学校文化品位，促进全环境育人，具有十分重要的意义。文章阐述了抗疫精神的深刻内涵，分析了抗疫精神融入高校文明校园创建的价值意蕴，探讨了抗疫精神与文明校园创建有机融合的机制，认为将抗疫精神融入高校文明校园建设“六好”标准中，是推动校园文明建设的有效途径。
The role of DPP-4 inhibitors in achieving glycemic control and the effect on aging processes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors:   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Skuridina Darya , Demidova Tatyana ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Izmailova Maryam ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University
Published: January 2025

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is characterized by annually progressive morbidity, the development of late disabling micro- and macrovascular complications, and an increased incidence of chronic heart failure. At the same time, the development of medicine has naturally led to an increase in the average life expectancy of the population in developed countries and an increase in the number of elderly and senile people. All this puts a tremendous burden on the healthcare system and complicates the task of improving the quality of life of patients with T2DM. As is known, T2DM in the elderly significantly increases the risk of disabling complications and mortality. Dipeptidyl peptidase type 4 inhibitors (iDPP-4) have occupied one of the key places in the strategy of T2DM therapy in elderly patients, and in the Algorithms of specialized medical care for patients with diabetes mellitus they are noted as preferred for residential patients. However, according to the Federal Register of Patients with Diabetes Mellitus, the proportion of patients taking iDPP-4 decreases with increasing duration of the disease. In elderly patients, a number of reasons contribute to this. Probably, this is the lack of preferential gliptin coverage in a number of regions of Russia, experts' concerns about the insufficient hypoglycemic effectiveness of iDPP-4 with a decrease in beta cell function with an increase in the length of service of T2DM, and often unjustified transfer of patients to basic insulin therapy, which dictates the need to cancel iDPP-4. This review will present the features of the course and tactics of treatment of T2DM in the elderly and consider in detail the efficacy, safety and potential pleiotropic effects of iDPP-4 in this category of patients. Special attention will be paid to the first iDPP-4 registered in the world, sitagliptin.
Macroprolactinemia: A review of the literature and presentation of clinical cases
Authors:   Institute of Internal and Preventive Medicine-Branch of Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Melnikova Polina , Rymar Oksana ,   Institute of Internal and Preventive Medicine-Branch of Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: January 2025

Macroprolactinemia is considered to be a common cause of hyperprolactinemia. The clinical presentation of patients with macroprolactinemia often has lack of hyperprolactinemic symptoms, and performing a macroprolactin assay can prevent the prescription of unnecessary investigation and treatment. However, there is no definite understanding of whether macroprolactin actually has reduced biological activity compared to the monomeric form of prolactin. Also, due to the autoimmunity of macroprolactin, the question of the possible association of this phenomenon with other autoimmune diseases is relevant. The aim of this review is to analyze the electronic database PubMed, eLIBRARY for articles that included any of the related key words to analyze all the relevant literature on the topic of macroprolactinemia. Two clinical cases of macroprolactinemia in patients with hyperprolactinemia are presented as well.
Tradiční kultura Tater v českém periodickém tisku, publikacích a masopustní tradici do počátku 20. století
Authors: Kaleta Petr
Published: January 2025

Studie charakterizuje zájem Čechů o Tatry do počátku 20. století, a to především na stránkách novin a časopisů, ale také jako součástí masopustních zábav. Zájem je interpretován prostřednictvím témat, stojících v popředí zájmů českých cestovatelů, kteří pak o nich informovali na stránkách českých periodik. Nejrozšířenějším motivem bylo salašnictví, které se objevovalo téměř u všech cestovatelů píšících o Tatrách. Méně frekventovaným byl motiv tatranského horského vůdce, jehož si čeští cestovatelé podrobněji všímali od poslední třetiny 19. století. Důkazem toho, že zájem Čechů o Tatry probíhal i na přelomu 19. a 20. století spíše na jejich haličské (polské) straně, bylo zařazení tématu horského střediska Zakopané a polských Tater jako hlavní titul sokolských šibřinek v roce 1902.
„Slávy dni a vlasti svátku, toužený a dočkaný“. Poezie pro děti k 28. říjnu v meziválečném českém tisku
Authors: Korábková Kateřina
Published: January 2025

Neodmyslitelnou součást oslav národního svátku 28. října v meziválečném Československu tvořila příležitostná poezie. V rámci svátku, jehož oslavy měly promyšleně národotvorný charakter, představovala nejen oslavný prostředek, ale i jeden ze zdrojů výkladu narativu svátku, který měl také posilovat vztah k samostatnému československému státu. Studie se zaměřuje na zkoumání sváteční poezie v dětských přílohách a rubrikách hlavních prvorepublikových českých deníků. Analýza témat i motivické struktury i stylových a jazykových prostředků směřovala k zodpovězení otázky, jakou roli měla sváteční poezie určená dětem a co jim sdělovala s intencí formovat jejich postoj k vlasti. Metodologicky se studie opírá o východiska mediálních a paměťových studií v interdisciplinárním propojení s literárněvědnými přístupy.
په نړی کې د بابوڼی ګل دتولید سیمی
Authors: ظاهریان گل احمد
Published: January 2025

د بابونی ګل شاخه‎ای، راسته، ښوی تنه لری چی لوړوالی‎ئی د 15–60 سانتي مترو ته رسیږي. ګلونه ‎ئی ابی اړین غوړی لري، کوم چې ځانګړی بوی لری او په زړه پوري دي. د غوړ د رنګ ځانګړتیائی، په چامازولین(chamazulene) پورې اړه لری، د نوموړو غوړو د شتون پر اساس دا ګل د Blue Chamomile په نوم هم پیژندل کیږي. د نوموړی ګل په ترکیب کښی د 120 څخه ډیر کیمیاوي مرکبات پیژندل شوي دی. دا بوټی په درملو کې استعمالیږی. دا بوټی اکثرا په کال کې له 2 څخه تر 3 ځله ګل کوي. دا ګل په کال کې د ډیری حاصلاتو له کبله هم په پام کې نیول کیږي. د ګل کولو وخت ئی شاوخوا 50–65 ورځې وي، پداسې حال کې چې د ګل انکشاف شاوخوا د 20-25 ورځې نیسي.
نگاهی به تأثیر دفعات شیردوشی بالای کمیت و کیفیت شیر در میش‌ها
Authors: حبیبی ایمل
Published: January 2025

دفعات شیردوشی یکی از عوامل عمده‌ی تنظیم کمیت و کیفیت شیر می‌باشد. کاهش دفعات شیردوشی روزانه در فارم­های گوسفندان شیری یک استراتیژی مناسب برای کاهش قیمت شیر و بهبود زند‌گی فارم‏داران می­باشد. جهت کاهش تعداد کارگر و وقت شیردوشی می‌توان دفعات مختلف شیردوشی چون حذف یک یا دو مرتبه شیردوشی در هفته، شیردوشی یک‌مرتبه در روز، شیردوشی سه‌مرتبه در دو روز را به کار برد. تأثیر دفعات شیردوشی بالای کمیت و کیفیت شیر، در نسل­های مختلف متفاوت است. به‎طور کلی کاهش دفعات شیردوشی سبب کاهش کمیت شیر و وقت کاری و کارگر در فارم گردیده؛ مگر افزایش دفعات شیردوشی سبب افزایش کمیت شیر و کاهش کیفیت شیر می­شود. در این مقاله‌ی مروری کوشش گردیده تا تأثیر دفعات شیردوشی بالای کمیت و کیفیت شیر در میش‌ها مورد بحث قرار گیرد.
مطالعه خواص بیولوژیکی لیگاند‌های تیوسیمی کاربازون و کامپلکس‌های فلزات انتقالی مربوطه‌ی آن‌ها
Authors: نبی کیومرث , نبی طاهره
Published: January 2025

در این مقاله راجع به خصوصیات بیولوژیکی لیگاند‌های تیوسیمی کاربازون (thiosemicarbazone ligands) و کامپلکس‌های فلزات انتقالی مربوطه ای شان بحث صورت گرفته است. فعالیت‌های بیولوژیکی مرکبات مذکور به خواص ساختاری منحصر به فرد، ماهیت لیگاند‌ها و فلزات انتقالی، و حضور جانشین‌های (Substituents) مختلف در ترکیبات مربوطه الدیهاید، کیتون و تیوسیمی کاربازید، راجع میشود. خصوصیات بیولوژیکی تیوسیمی کاربازون‌ها در مقایسه به ادویه‌های استندرد عموماً با استفاده از میتود‌های مختلف مانند ((real-time cell electronic sensing (RT-CES)، MTT و CUPRAC مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفته و نتایج حاصله در جداول و گراف‌ها درج میگردند. در این مقاله، روش مطالعه ای مروری (Review) با رویکرد تحلیلی توصیفی مورد استفاده قرار گرفته که نتیجه حاصله از آن فعالیت بیشتری کامپلکس‌ها را در مقایسه با لیگاند‌های اولیه نشان می‌دهد.
مروری به روش‌های میزبان‌یابی پشه‌‎ها
Authors: آبی احمد جان
Published: January 2025

پشه­هاحشرات ظریف و زیان‌آوری اند و از لحاظه طبقه‌بندی به عالم حیوانات، صنف انسکتا و خانوادۀ کولیسیده مربوط اند. مهم‏ترین جنس­های پشه­ها انافیل، کولکس و ایدس می‎باشد. در این جنس­ها صرف پشه­های بالغ ماده‌ی مکنده‌ی خون می­باشند. پشه­های ماده بدون مکیدن خون قادر به تولید تخم­های بارور نمی­باشند و دارای محدوده مؤثر پرواز بین محل تکثر و منبع خون اند؛ نرها از شیره نباتات تغذیه می­نمایند و ماده­ها برای دریافت میزبان از تعیین‌کننده­های داخلی و خارجی استفاده می­نمایند. برخی از پشه­ها در منازل تغذیه و استراحت می­نمایند؛ درحالی‏که دیگران برای تغذیه وارد منزل شده و خارج منزل استراحت می­کنند. تعدادی از پشه­ها در هنگام شب، برخی در روز و عدۀ هم قبل از طلوع و یا پس از غروب آفتاب به میزبان حمله کرده و خون‌خوری می­نمایند. برخی از انواع پشه­ها در عادات خون‌خوری خود انسان دوست و گروه دیگری حیوان دوست اند و سبب انتقال عوامل بیماری‌زای ویروسی، باکتریایی و پارازیتی می­شوند.
طرز ساختن اسکلیت فیلمرغ به طریقه جوش دادن
Authors: حامد اسدالله
Published: January 2025

فیلمرغ پرنده خانه‌گی است که پرورش آن از لحاظ اقتصادی مهم تلقی می‌شود و می‌توان از گوشت و تخم آن به حیث مواد خوراکی استفاده نمود. اسکلیت فیلمرغ نسبت به پستانداران خیلی آشکار و واضح است و مقدار خیلی بلند کلسیم و فاسفورس را در ترکیب خود دارا می‌باشد. هدف اصلی این تحقیق ساختن اسکلیت فیلمرغ به طریقه جوش دادن و دریافت تفاوت‌های اسکلیت آن با دیگر پرنده‌گان خانه‌گی است. در این تحقیق یک قطعه فیلمرغ به طریقه اسلامی ذبح شده و به طریقه جوش دادن اسکلیت آن تهیه و ترتیب گردیده است. نتایج این تحقیق نشان ‌داد که اسکلیت فیلمرغ ویژه‌گی‌های خاص به نوع خود را دارا می‌باشد. مهره‌های کمر فیلمرغ در بین خود باهم جوش خورده و در استخوان لگن‌خاصره‌ی فیلمرغ‌ها مفصل پوبیک وجود ندارد و هم چنان دارای استخوان‌های سینه و لگن خاصره بزرگتر می‌باشد.
مقایسه میتودهای تجربی تعیین مومنت عطالت دورانی یک جسم سخت
Authors: خاوری رجب علی
Published: January 2025

مومنت عطالت یک استوانه‌ی فلزی با شعاعات داخلی و خارجی  در روش‎های تجربی مختلف مثل رقاصه‌ی فزیکی، رقاصه تورزیونی، رقاصه سه تاره، غلتش روی سطح مایل، ماشین اتود و سقوط جسم دوران‌کننده تحت کشش مورد تحقیق و تجربه قرار گرفته و نتایج هرکدام با نتیجه‌ی تیوریک مقایسه گردیده است. با درنظر داشت خبط تجربه که شامل خبط در اندازه‌گیری کتله و زمان و ابعاد می‏باشد، ملاحظه می‏گردد که روش یا میتودهای اهتزازی رقاصه‏یی نتایج بهتری را نسبت به دیگر میتودها ارائه می‏دارد. سیستم‎های رقاصه‌یی به‎طور عام و میتود رقاصه تورزیونی به‎طور خاص مطابقت بیشتری بین تیوری و تجربه را ایجاد می‏کند و منحیث یک روش مطمئن‏تر برای دریافت مومنت عطالت دورانی جسم (استوانه) محسوب می‏گردد. اهمیت این تحقیق اولاً در بررسی روش‎های مختلف تجربی برای دریافت مومنت عطالت دورانی می‏باشد و ثانیاً در انجام تحقیق روی یک جسم است که می‏تواند از پراکنده‌گویی و درنظرگیری اجسام مختلف دوری گردد.
د مېوو پر کیفیت او رنګ باندې د اقلیمي عواملو اغېزې
Authors: ستانکزی نور محمد
Published: January 2025

د مېوې رنګ او کیفیت دوه مهم فکتورونه دي چی دا د مېوې د پخېدو او راټولولو د وخت په انتخابولو کې د بڼوال سره مرسته کوي. روښانه رنګ په مېوه کې د ډېر کاربوهایډریتونو نښه ګڼل کیږي. که څه هم د مېوې د راټولولو وخت د مېوې پر کیفیت، رنګ، اندازې، تیزابیت، کلکوالی، جوړښت، د اوبو د اندازې، مزې، غذایی ارزښت او داسی نورو باندی اغېزه کوي؛ اقلیمی فکتورونه لکه د لمر رڼا، کوم چی په مېوه کې د وینې رنګ ته ورته سور، ګلابی، ژیړ رنګه سور او داسی نور رنګونه منځته راوړي، هم ددې لپاره ډېر اړین ګڼل کیږي. له همدی امله هغه مېوې چی سور او د وینې رنګ ته ورته سور رنګ لري، هغوی د دریو اونیو لپاره په کافى اندازه د لمر رڼا ترلاسه کړې ده، ځکه چې په دې وخت کې دا مېوې په سلو کې ۲۳ د لمر پړقیدونکی رڼا ته اړتیا لري.
تحقیق سازمانی و نقش آن‌ در انکشاف نهاد‌های تحصیلات عالی
Authors: صمدی اسدالله
Published: January 2025

نهاد‌های تحصیلات‌عالی معتبرترین مراکز طرح و اجرای تحقیقات‌علمی اند و جامعه توقع دارد تا نتیجۀ این تحقیقات شرایط اجتماعی- اقتصادی مردم را بهبود بخشد. اما، سؤال عمده در این است که آیا تمام فعالیت‌های نهادهای تحصیلات‌عالی مطابق نیاز جامعه عیار گردیده‌ اند؟ یگانه رویکرد که می‌تواند به این سؤال پاسخ دهد،‌ تحقیق‌سازمانی است. تحقیق‌سازمانی مجموعۀ فعالیت‌هایی است که برعلاوه از ارزیابی فعالیت‌های عادی نهاد، رابطۀ یک نهاد و محیط آن‌را جهت برنامه‌ریزی مؤثر، انکشاف پالیسی‌ها و گرفتن تصمیمات درست، مورد مطالعه قرار می‌دهد. زیرا نهاد‌های تحصیلات عالی معاصر با چالش‌های جدید مانند مشکلات اقتصادی، تغییر ساختار‌های اکادمیک، تکنولوژی‌های سریعاً در حال تغییر، افزایش نیازمندی‌ها برای اعتباردهی و این‌که چطور مأموریت‌های تدریس، تحقیق و خدمات را متوازن سازند، مواجه اند. بنابرین، اکثر علما تحقیقات‌سازمانی را به حیث هوش‌سازمانی و مرکز پشتیبانی تصمیمات سازمان تلقی نموده اند. در این مقاله مروری مشخصات تحقیقات‌سازمانی و نقش آن‌ها در انکشاف نهاد‌های تحصیلات‌عالی به بحث گرفته شده است.