bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hebrew script for Jewish languages
Authors: Daniels Peter T.
Published: December 2021

That “script follows religion” is well known. Missionary activities by Christian, Manichaean and Islamic, and Buddhist and Hindu proselytizers brought literacy, in alphabetic, abjadic, and abugidic scripts respectively, to previously non-literate communities in Europe, Asia and Africa, and South and Southeast Asia respectively. Judaism, however, did not proselytize; instead, it “wandered,” bringing Jewish communities throughout Europe and a good part of Asia, to lands that were already literate thanks to those earlier missionaries. Jewish languages emerged when diaspora communities adopted vernaculars altered on the basis of the culture-languages Hebrew and Aramaic. Such communities treasured their Hebrew and Aramaic literacies and often wrote the vernaculars using Hebrew script.

The Hebrew letters denote consonants only, but the Jewish languages usually have more than 22 consonants and a number of vowels. Medieval Hebrew scholars devised vowels marks, used almost exclusively in sacred texts, but most Jewish languages barely use them. Unlike the other missionary scripts, Hebrew-script orthographies were often influenced by the indigenous orthographies they encountered.

Exploring those influences needs an abbreviated account of the development of Hebrew orthography from its second-millennium bce forebears. A few examples follow of the adaptations of Hebrew script to Jewish languages, and various commonalities are found among such adaptations that probably emerged independently with little contact between speakers of the various languages. The question arises as to whether similar divergences and commonalities are found in other scripts spread in Scriptural contexts. That they are generally not reflects the difference between scripts arriving in non-literate versus literate surroundings.
Chromosome compartmentalization alterations in prostate cancer cell lines model disease progression
Authors: San Martin Rebeca , Das Priyojit , Dos Reis Marques Renata , Xu Yang , Roberts Justin M. , Sanders Jacob T. , Golloshi Rosela , McCord Rachel Patton
Published: December 2021

Prostate cancer aggressiveness and metastatic potential are influenced by gene expression and genomic aberrations, features that can be influenced by the 3D structure of chromosomes inside the nucleus. Using chromosome conformation capture (Hi-C), we conducted a systematic genome architecture comparison on a cohort of cell lines that model prostate cancer progression, from normal epithelium to bone metastasis. We describe spatial compartment identity (A-open versus B-closed) changes with progression in these cell lines and their relation to gene expression changes in both cell lines and patient samples. In particular, 48 gene clusters switch from the B to the A compartment, including androgen receptor, WNT5A, and CDK14. These switches are accompanied by changes in the structure, size, and boundaries of topologically associating domains (TADs). Further, compartment changes in chromosome 21 are exacerbated with progression and may explain, in part, the genesis of the TMPRSS2-ERG translocation. These results suggest that discrete 3D genome structure changes play a deleterious role in prostate cancer progression.
Ultrafast spectroscopy of C-H vibrations in pathogenic bacteria in 3-μm spectral range
Authors: Shelygina S , Kompanets V , Tolordava E , Gonchukov S , Chekalin S , Kudryashov S
Published: December 2021

Dynamic optical density spectra were obtained under multipulse excitation of bacterial cultures of S. aureus and P. aeruginosa by 3 μm mid-infrared ultrashort laser pulses, corresponding to the vibrational excitation of the C–H bonds of the bacterial cell. These spectra demonstrated pronounced laser intensity-dependent blue spectral shift, presumably associated with the breaking of hydrogen bonds, which are responsible for the formation of secondary and tertiary protein structures.
Nickel recovery from precipitate of NCA lithium-ion battery leach liquor by using disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate
Authors: Izzati A U N , Petrus H T B M , Prasetya A
Published: December 2021

The nickel cobalt aluminium oxides (NCA) type Li-ion battery is a type of battery currently used in electric vehicles. The UGM battery team has recycled this type of battery to obtain high purity lithium metal. Aside from lithium, the NCA battery contains high-value metals, nickel is one of them. This experiment aims to test the ease of nickel to chelate with disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate (EDTA). The experiment was carried out by means of a triple neck flask for 4 hours. The samples were taken at certain minutes and then fitted using a pseudo homogeneous first-order reaction equation. The chelate formed was further processed through multilevel precipitation or electrodialysis to separate nickel. Based on the experiment, nickel formed chelates optimally at 60°C using 0.086 M EDTA with the reaction constant for nickel being 1.4819 min−1. The Arrhenius constant and activation energy for nickel were 3.48×1011min−1 and 76,907 J/mole, respectively.
Lithium recovery from synthetic geothermal brine using electrodialysis method
Authors: Sujoto V S H , Sutijan  , Astuti W , Mufakhir F R , Petrus H T B M
Published: December 2021

The demand of lithium in the global market is experiencing a significant increase. The electric vehicle era is the driving force of this lithium increase phenomenon. Although the demand of lithium continues to increase every year, the available lithium resources are still not able to meet the demand, so that lithium resources with much greater potential are being considered. The main objective of this study is to extract lithium from a primary resource, geothermal brine, with a practical and environmentally friendly method. Research on the extraction of lithium resources from synthetic geothermal brine with a specific lithium composition using the electrodialysis (ED) method has been carried out. The ED device used is provided with electricity and is operated using temperature variations (30°C and 40°C) and variations in electric voltage (2 V and 4 V). The highest flux is achieved at an operating temperature of 40°C and a power supply voltage of 4 V.
Lithium titanium oxide synthesis by solid-state reaction for lithium adsorption from artificial brine source
Authors: H Tangkas I W C W , Astuti W , Sutijan  , Sumardi S , Petrus H T B M
Published: December 2021

Lithium and titanium are the materials that have an essential role in today’s industrial world, especially in LIBs (lithium-ion batteries). LIBs have become an important issue nowadays due to the imbalance between supply and demand. Lithium adsorption from brine sources becomes an alternative source using various methods. This study aims to find the characteristic of LTO (lithium titanium oxide), which was synthesized by the solid-state reaction process for adsorption lithium from an artificial brine source. The variables studied were temperature and the solid-solid ratio of Li and Ti. Each LTO obtained was analyzed using XRD to define the crystal structure and composition of LTO formed. The LTO product has a monoclinic structure, with more significant peaks in 2-theta 18° and 43°. The size of crystals formed is influenced by temperature and ratio of solid Li/Ti. The largest crystal formed at a temperature of 600°C and 750°C is 512 nm and 50 nm. The higher the temperature, the smaller the crystal sized formed and the higher Li/Ti solid ratio, the greater the crystal size formed.
Characterization of gold ore from Babakan Loa Sub-District and leaching study in cyanide solution
Authors: Arham L O , Mufakhir F R , Putri I A , Wahab  , Hakim H Z , Handoko A S , Sudibyo
Published: December 2021

Research on the characterization of gold ore from Babakan Loa sub-district and studies of leaching in cyanide solution has been carried out. This research was conducted to determine the characteristics of gold ore from Babakan Loa and the leaching behavior in cyanide solution. The preparations carried out were crushing and grinding to obtain several size fractions. The ore characterization was carried out through XRD, XRF, SEM-EDX, and wet chemical analysis. XRD analysis results show that the main mineral phases are quartz, hematite, goethite, kaolinite, montmorillonite, and berlinite. The main constituents of the ore were Si (60.96%), Fe (10.71%), K (5.47%), and Al (19.53%). The Au content was 7.8 ppm, and the results of SEM-EDX analysis show that the gold grain size is smaller than 10µm. The leaching process showed that the highest percent gold extraction data of 92.7% was obtained in experiments with 1000 ppm sodium cyanide concentration, 10% solids percent, and 104-149µm grain size. Increasing the percentage of solids and the reduction in grain size led to a decrease in the percentage of gold extraction. The clay content was suspected to be the cause of the ineffectiveness of the leaching process in this study.
Characterization approach to develop distillation process for production of anode-grade coal tar pitch
Authors: Phiciato  , Rianda S , Irawan C , Sinaga D
Published: December 2021

Many efforts have been spent to make a trade-off between designing an efficient distillation system and meeting very strict requirements of pitch product. The design of coal tar distillation for pitch production should be able not only energetically efficient but also to meet the physicochemical requirements of pitch. This paper presents a practical approach and a systematic method of material characterizations to evaluate appropriate distillation operating conditions. The purpose of this study was to develop a simple coal tar distillation process that focused on obtaining anode-grade binder having certain specifications. The distillation process was carried out in two stages. The first stage occurred up to 360-370°C at atmospheric pressure to separate all volatile fractions. The second stage distillation involves vacuum pressure with 4 conditions in which A<B<C<D ranging from -4 to -35 cmHg and varying soaking time to convert soft pitch into hard pitch. Higher vacuum pressure of distillation is not necessarily high to meet specifications. Our finding shows that B is the most favourable vacuum pressure and can be further heat treated for specific requirements of pitch.
Low-rank coal and poly fatty acid distillate characterization as a preparation of coal upgrading palm oil technology
Authors: Lee Sihyun , Yoo Jiho , Fatia Umar Datin
Published: December 2021

The utilization of low-rank coal is restricted by such factors as high moisture content, low heating value, high propensity to low-temperature oxidation, spontaneous combustion, etc. Some coal upgrading technologies to reduce the moisture content have been developed, one of them is coal upgrading palm oil technology using palm fatty acid distillate as an additive to keep the stability of moisture content in the coal after the process. To study the possibility of the upgrading technology application in Indonesia, some studies have been conducted. The study covered coal characterization such as proximate, ultimate and calorific value, palm fatty acid distillate for stabilization of upgraded low-rank coal and coal upgrading by coal upgrading palm oil technology in laboratory scale. By using 7 Indonesian low-rank coals and 4 palm fatty acid distillates, it is confirmed that the coal upgrading palm oil technology is effective to reduce the moisture content and increase the calorific value of low rank coal.
Various sources of rare earth element enrichment at Manamas volcanic rock, Timor Island
Authors: Jati Widiatama Angga , Christin Natalia Happy , Ikhram Rinaldi , Dwita Santy Lauti , Wahyudiono Joko , Rangga Setia Wiguna Lanang , Faranabila Syifa
Published: December 2021

Manamas volcanic rock formed due to crustal thinning in fore arc setting. This research aims to provide information and the enrichment process of rare earth elements in Manamas Formation on the Timor Island and their tectonic implication. Manamas volcanic rock exposed in Bihati River, Baun, Timor consists of two different types of basalts, namely alkaline basalt and sub alkaline basalt. Analysis using ICP-MS method shows enrichment in large ion lithophile element and high field strength element. Subalkaline basalt has N-MORB patterns and alkaline basalt have OIB patterns. The Nb element is relatively impoverished that indicates influence of subduction activities. Thorium and uranium elements also show significant enrichment, due to sedimentary rocks contamination or continental crust or directly from the asthenosphere due to magma upwelling. The two distinctive patterns interpreted due to slab tear phenomenon beneath Timor Island during Australia oceanic plate subduction and recycled oceanic crust beneath Banda Arc.
Hydrology model establishment of pit lake: Extreme event rainfall data analysis
Authors: Danasla M A , Kusuma G J , Tuheteru E J , Gautama R S
Published: December 2021

Analysis of water management in the pit lake is divided into two conditions, namely Continuous Events and Extreme Events. The former is an analysis of pit lake management related to the water filling in a pit lake that takes place continuously. Meanwhile, the later is the analysis of pit lake management related to the possibility of extreme conditions that will occur, including extreme rainfall. This study is focused only on the Extreme Event conditions. The Gumbel method is used to calculate the planned return period rainfall T concerning the prediction of extreme rainfall. Meanwhile, for a certain return period, rainfall intensity can be predicted using the Mononobe formula. Based on the result of calculation the Gumbel method, it shows that the planned rainfall for a return period of 10 years is 132.9 mm / day. Then based on the results of the calculation of rainfall intensity using the Mononobe formula, it is obtained that the intensity of rainfall for a return period of 10 years with a concentration-time of 5 minutes is 241.5 mm/hour, while the amount of rainfall intensity with a concentration-time of 300 minutes or 5 hours is 15.8 mm/hour.
Mining disposal erosion evaluation: A case study
Authors: Novianti Y S , Saismana U , Yuhanes Y , Fikri H N
Published: December 2021

Mining disposal (dumping overburden) area is the primary consideration in the reclamation process in mining activities, especially in mining activity. The current study aims to determine the rate of erosion and the level of erosion hazard at mine disposal using water flow distribution. This research was conducted in a coal mine in Kalimantan. Based on the structure of the runoff flow distribution model, this study divides disposal into three land units. The universal soil loss equation in three land units was obtained for erosion values. The value for each land unit is 76 tons/ha/year, 134 tons/ha/year, and 50 tons/ha/year. These three land units are under the level of moderate and light danger of erosion. Afterward, three recommendations were made to the three land units. The first recommendation is the condition of land cover does not change, and conservation changes; the second recommendation is with changes in land cover, but conservation does not change; and the third recommendation is with conditions of land cover and conservation change. The second recommendation shows the best results compared to the other recommendations.
The effect of rock permeability value on groundwater influx in underground coal gasification reactor
Authors: Madiutomo Nendaryono , Hermawan Willy , Weningsulistri  , Pamungkas Madya
Published: December 2021

Rock permeability value is one of the most significant rock’s physical properties that affect groundwater influx processes in underground coal gasification (UCG). This value of rock permeability (K), namely the vertical permeability of flanking rocks (Kv) and horizontal permeability of coal (Kh). The purpose of this study was to determine the extent of the influence of the value of rock permeability on the potential of groundwater influx. The effect of rock permeability on groundwater influx into the UCG gasification reactor cavity in the presence of thermal loads and mineral composition content is large and significant to consider. Based on the resistance to heat loads, the type of sandstone lithology is relatively more resistant compared to siltstone and claystone lithology.
Performance of Centrocema grown on mercury-contaminated tailing inoculated with beneficial bacteria: Preliminary study
Authors: Hindersah R , Sunarya Y , Arifin M , Priyadi R
Published: December 2021

Low levels of major essential nutrients and high mercury (Hg) content in gold mine tailings can inhibit plant growth. An inexpensive and effective strategy to overcome these obstacles was inoculation of plant-growth promoting bacteria and planting legume cover crops (LCC). A greenhouse experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of isolates of Nitrogen Fixing Bacteria (NFB) and Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria (PSB) on some growth characteristics of LCC Censtrosema pubescens (butterfly pea) grown in Hg-contaminated tailing of gold mine tailing. Moreover, the research was aimed to verify the viability of two bacterial groups in tailing after inoculation. The experiment was set up in randomized block design to test single and mixed inoculation of NFB and PSB. The experiment verified that the single inoculation and mixture of two bacteria did not change plant properties compared to the control treatment. Although the statistical analysis was not significant, there were slightly increase in root length as well as NFB and PSB populations of inoculated plants.
The potency of Cassia siamea as phytostabilization in post-mining land reclamation
Authors: Kusumaningtyas V A , Azizah H N , Murniati A , Budiman S , Sujono H , Hardian A , Melina M , Setiawati T , Prajitno D
Published: December 2021

Revegetation for reclamation is a strategic effort to overcome the negative impacts of coal mining. The growth of reclaimed vegetation has a positive impact in reducing soil density so that it is suitable for the growth of food plants, and also can increase the content of soil organic matter. One of the efforts to restore the function of post-mining land is by planting legumes, one of the species isCassia siamea(C. siamea). The method used is a literature study. Literature searches were using the Google Scholar, Research Gate, and Science Direct databases. From the results of a literature search,C. siameacan accumulate heavy metals as phytostabilization by reduces the mobility and presence of pollutants in the soil by accumulating the metallic trace elements (MTE) into the roots. These plants produce proline, a substance that is produced when drought occurs so that the inside of the plant does not suffer from differences in water concentrations.C. siameacan restore and improve the physical and chemical properties of the soil to become more fertile and rich in nutrients with Legume-Rhizobia Symbiosis and also has a high RMSI (> 0.500), this value is preferable for reclamation of post-mining land.
Implementation of Indonesia coal downstream policy in the trend of fossil energy transition
Authors: Yasin C M , Yunianto B , Sugiarti S , Hudaya G K
Published: December 2021

The implementation of downstream coal policies in Indonesia is regulated in Law Number 3 of 2020 to optimize coal’s domestic use and value-added. The policy is also supported by the issuance of fiscal, non-fiscal, and regional incentives. In Law Number 3 of 2020, the government of Indonesia states six types of coal downstream: coal upgrading; coal briquetting; cokes making; coal liquefaction; coal gasification; and coal slurry, yet the government has not defined which downstream coal products should be prioritized. Several parameters must be considered in implementing the downstream coal policy, those are the availability of coal and its characteristics, proven technology, economic and environmental feasibility. This study examines the mineral and coal sector regulation, taxation, coal resources and reserves, technology, and economics. In addition, to implement the commitment of reducing CO2 emissions, this study also considers applying Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) or Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS) technology to implement downstream coal policy.
Expanded perlite commercialization techno-economic analysis in Indonesia
Authors: Suherman I , Wahyudi A , Mamby H E , Darmawan D A
Published: December 2021

Utilizing a perlite processing plant in Lampung is one of the public services of the Research and Development Center for Mineral and Coal Technology (TEKMIRA). The plant has been fully revitalized and is ready to be developed for commercialization through joint operations. The domestic market for perlite is not as advanced as the world market. These are both opportunities and challenges for the expanded perlite business. Techno-economic analysis can provide an overview of expanded perlite processing and cash flow forecasts during the implementation period of the commercialization project. Based on the financial feasibility indicators, the scenario of the expanded perlite project is feasible to be commercialized. In the proportional scenario, TEKMIRA and business partners will get 70% versus 30%. The alternative scenario of profit-sharing structure is 50% versus 50%. Nevertheless, TEKMIRA still benefits from fixed compensation. These results are expected to attract investors to partner in the commercial business of expanded perlite processing.
Andesite prospect at West Sungkai of North Lampung: Its distribution based on electrical resistivity tomography
Authors: Antosia R. M. , Mustika  , Putri I. A. , Rasimeng S. , Dinata O.
Published: December 2021

Infrastructure construction made andesite’s demand has increased, particularly in Lampung Province. In this research, its distribution in West Sungkai of North Lampung is mapped based on Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) data from 6 lines, each of them was 186 m in length. Due to its excellent vertical resolution, Wenner configuration is performed. The research area is part of Quarter Holocene Volcanic (Qhv) formation. Lajur Barisan members consist of volcanic breccia, lava, and andesite-basalt tuff; thus, resistivity modeling is built within this aisle. Subsurface resistivity model has been created using the non-linear inversion method with promising low error at the third to fifth iterations, which marks an acceptable value. Using 2D and 3D ERT modeling, it is estimated that there are three mains of rocks based on their resistivity value: sandy tuff with 65 – 212 Ω m; tuff with 212 – 655 Ω m; and andesite with resistivity more than 655 Ω m. Andesite within this area is likely lava andesite which spread from the middle to the West and north. It is located at 5 – 35 m in depths with the reserve estimation of andesite is about 1.65 million tons.
Growth Performance and Survival Rate of Catfish (Pangasius sp) with the Application of the Nitrifying and Denitrifying Bacteria
Authors: Yosmaniar Y , Sumiati T , Mulyasari M
Published: December 2021

Nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria can be used as a bioremediation agents in aquaculture. The purpose of this experiment is to evaluate the optimal growth and survival performances of catfish rearing with the application of nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria. A completely randomized design was performed with the following treatments: A) nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria NP2-DP1; B) nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria NP2-DP2; C) commercial bacteria and D) without bacterial isolate (control), each with 3 replications. Twelve containers (34 x 34 x 45 cm) were used with a volume of 20 L equipped with aeration. The catfish used (Pangasius sp) has a body weight of 8.33 g ± 0.1 and stocking density of 20 fish / container reared within 30 days. Feed was applied to the fish at 3% of their body weight for three times a day at 08.00 am, 12.00 and 15.00 pm . . Inoculation of bacteria on day 10th and; 20th, that is 108 cfu / mL. The parameters measured were growth rate, survival rate, and water quality. Sampling was carried out every 10 days. The results showed that the application of NP2 and DP1 was the optimal to increase the growth and survival of catfish.
The Effectiveness of Turmeric Enriched Pellets in Curing the Gill of Clarias batrachus Infected with Aeromonas hydrophila
Authors: Riauwaty M , Windarti
Published: December 2021

Curcumin is an antibiotic agent extracted from Curcuma longa. To understand the effectiveness of curcumin in curing the gill of Clarias batrachus infected with Aeromonas hydrophila, a study was conducted from August to November 2020. There were 3 treatments applied, namely turmeric enriched pellets 0.7g/kg (P1); 0.9g/kg (P2) and 1.1g/kg (P3). Prior to the treatment, the fish was infected with A. hydrophila (0.1 m of A. hydrophila culture, 1.0x108cells/ml). The infected fish was kept for 6 days until the clinical signs of MAS disease occurred. By the 7th day, the fish was feed with turmeric enriched pellets. For negative control (Cn) the fish was not infected with A. hydrophila nor treated with turmeric, while the positive control (Cp) was infected, but no turmeric treatment. The fish was reared for 30 days and by the end of the experiment, the gill was removed and processed for histological study (5L sliced and HE stained). Result indicated that the gill of the negative control fish was normal, while that of the positive control shown abnormalities such as hemorrhages, necrotic cells, fused lamellae and enlarged cartilaginous cells. The turmeric treated fish shown less damage in the gill. The best results were obtained in C3, as the gill structure was almost normal with slightly hemorrhage. In the C1 and C2 treated fishes, the gill shown light abnormality such as fused lamella and hemorrhage. Data obtained shown that the consumption of turmeric enriched pellet was effective to cure the A. hydrophyla infected gill.
Distribution of Chlorophyll in Coastal Borneo Island Using Modis Terra Satellite Data
Authors: Yunita N F , Usman M , Merdekawati D
Published: December 2021

Clorophyll is the colour pigment most common found in phytoplankton. Its concentration is one of the indicator of the high of productivity of aquatic area, especially in coastal area. Information of chlorophyll concentration and distribution is very important to determine the suitable location of marine aquaculture and prediction of fishing ground. The aims of this research were to: 1) find out and analyze the concentration of chlorophyll and its distribution in Borneo Island Indonesia and 2) the pattern of chlorophyll distribution for each provinces using modis terra data for five years (from January 2016 to December 2020) in monthly and annually data series. In addition, it used Seadas 7.5.3 for data visualization. The result of this research showed that the chlorophyll concentration ranged 0,045 – 20 mg/m3 and clorophyll distribution affected by the location that seen in all variation data series. In annually time series data, the highest value of concentration shown by west borneo province and central borneo province with the distribution area were larger as well. The distribution of chlorophyll in monthly data showed almost same with annually data time series. The difference was just in large area distribution. The pattern of chlorophyll distribution also showed that in the west Kalimantan and central Kalimantan area had the highest values.
Suitability of Seaweed Culture (Eucheuma cottonii) in the Sorkam Barat Sub-District, Tapanuli Tengah Indonesia
Authors: Manurung D F , Rosmasita R , Windarti W , Ghazali T M , Sibuea N U S
Published: December 2021

Coastal and coral reef ecosystem areas in the Sorkam Barat Tapanuli Tengah may be potential sites for seaweed culture. To understand the suitability of that area for planting the seaweed, an initial study was conducted using a Geographic Information System (GIS). The environmental conditions as well as water quality parameters were analysed. The physical and chemical oceanographic factors parameters measured were wave height, temperature, salinity, depth, tide, brightness, pH, current velocity, and dissolved oxygen. While the water quality parameters measured were Total Suspended Solid (TSS), nitrate (NO3) and phosphate (PO4). Results shown that the water quality of the Sorkam Barat could be categorized as appropriate and quite suitable for the cultivation of Eucheuma cottonii. The suitable area for culture was 3,625.96 ha (92.5%) and the not suitable area was 294.18 ha (7.5%). The recommended planting method is the long-line system path method.
Effects of GnRH and Anti-Dopamine on Gonad Maturation of Osteochilus melanopleurus (Bleeker, 1852)
Authors: Asiah N , Aryani N , Nuraini N , Lukistyowaty I , Harjoyudanto Y
Published: December 2021

The Osteochilus melanopleurus (Bleeker, 1852) is one of the endogenous fish in the Siak River waters of Riau province which has high economic value. However, the fulfillment of needs still depends on the catch in nature. Efforts to overcome these problems are the availability of mature gonads. Broadly to accelerate the maturation of gonads through hormone induction until the fish are ready to be spawned to produce fish fry continuously. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of gonadotropin and anti-dopamine hormone induction with the trademark “Oodev” on the final gonad maturity (TKG) of the prospective broodstock of O. melanopleurus. The research was conducted from April to August 2021 in the fish rearing column and the experimental pond, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science. The research method was a Completely Randomized Design with 4 treatment levels and 3 replications, while the treatments were P0 (without Oodev injection), P1 (Oodev dose 0.5 mL/kg), P2 (0.7 mL/kg), and P3 (0,9 mL/kg). Measured responses: percentage of broodstock that reached TKG and egg diameter. The results of the research that have been carried out, the measurement of the diameter of the eggs produced showed that the use of the Oodev hormone at a dose of 0.7 mL/kg body weight of O.melanopleurus given every week for twelve weeks was able to stimulate the development of the gonads of O.melanopleurus. Ovaprim injection of 0.7 mL/kg body weight produced 89,566 eggs with a latency of 4 hours. oodev injection dose of 0.7 ml/kg BW or P2 treatment has succeeded in achieving a TKG of 82%.
Study of Growth and Survival of Mud Crab (Scylla serrata, Forskal) with Different Salinity Levels in culture media
Authors: Eddiwan  , Dahril T , Adriman  , Budijono  , Efawani  , Harjoyudanto Y
Published: December 2021

The aim of this study to find out the optimal level of salinity for the growth and survival of the mud crab (Scylla serrata). The weight of crab seeds were about 47.65-51.32 grams and the carapace length ranged from 64.35-71.30 mm, then put into 12 tanks (1 m x 1 m x 0.4 m) with a density of 4 crab seed per tank. During the maintenance of this test, mangrove crab was fed with fresh chicken intestines as much as 10% of its body weight per day. Water changes are carried out more than 150% per week. At the beginning of the experiment, each tank was conditioned to the same water salinity in all experimental units, namely 33 ppt. To see the effect of differences in salinity levels on the growth and survival of mud crabs, 4 treatments were made consisting of (A) 33 ppt salt content, (B) 31 ppt salt content, (C). The salt content is 29 ppt, and (D) the salt content is 27 ppt. From the results of this experiment, it is known that a decrease in the salt content of 4 ppt is the best treatment for the growth of mud crabs, but has no effect on the survival value.
Comparison of Exponential Smoothing Methods for Forecasting Marine Fish Production in Pekalongan Waters, Central Java
Authors: Pamungkas A , Puspasari R , Nurfiarini A , Zulkarnain R , Waryanto W
Published: December 2021

Pekalongan waters, a part of the Java Sea, has potency to develop marine fisheries sector to increase regional income and community livelihoods. The fluctuation of marine fish production every year requires serious attention in planning and policy strategies for the utilization of the fishery resources. Time series fish production data can be used to predict fish production in the following years through the forecasting process. The data used in this study is fish production data from Pekalongan Fishing Port, Central Java, from January 2011 to December 2020. The method used is data exponential smoothing by comparing three exponential smoothing methods consisting of single/simple exponential smoothing, double exponential smoothing and Holt-Winters’ exponential smoothing. The criterion that used to measure the forecasting performance is the mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) value. The smaller MAPE value shows the better the forecasting result. The smallest MAPE value is obtained by finding the optimal smoothing constant value which is usually calculated using the trial and error method. However, in this study, the constant value was calculated using the add-in solver approach in Microsoft Excel. The forecasting results obtained show that forecasting using the Holt Winter Exponential Smoothing method is reasonable with a MAPE value of 37.878.
Characteristics and Added Value of Fortified Sago Analog Rice Enriched with Nutritious Fish Oil Supplement
Authors: Syahrul S , Dewita D , Sidauruk S W
Published: December 2021

Analog rice is a food product resembling rice made from starch sources other than rice, such as starch from tubers (taro), corn and sago. The advantage of analog rice is that it has a lower glycemic index than rice. This analog rice product can help efforts to diversify the food consumption patterns of people in Indonesia in order to improve the nutritional quality of the food consumed and at the same time considering that analog rice is currently rich in carbohydrates and poor in other nutrients such as protein, fat and fiber, the product needs to be fortified with functional components of food. Functional components of food are foods that contain bioactive components that provide multifunctional physiological effects for the body, including strengthening the body’s immune system, regulating the rhythm of physical conditions, slowing aging, and improving people’s nutritional status and reducing dependence on imported rice. For this reason, alternative food is needed, namely analog rice with high nutritional content. This study aims to analyze the characteristics and added value of processing sago analog rice fortified with high nutritional fish oil supplements as a superior product in the Riau region, because Riau is one of the highest sago producing regions nationally. The research method used is an experimental method, which is to experiment with making sago analog rice fortified with nutrient-rich fish oil supplements from previous research. The treatment given was in the form of analog rice formulation with two levels, namely: sago analog rice fortified with 3% fish oil (M3S), and sago analog rice fortified with 5% fish oil (M5S). Data obtained were homogenized, then tabulated and analyzed quantitatively descriptively. The results showed that based on organoleptic preference test, and proximate composition, sago analog rice (M5S) was the best analog rice, namely sago analog rice fortified with 5% fish oil and met SNI quality standards. Furthermore, the added value produced to produce sago analog rice is IDR 3,000/kg and analog rice mixed with sago and taro is IDR 11,000/kg.
Isolation of Metallothionein (MT) Gene from Phytoremediation Agent, Eleusine indica
Authors: Mardalisa M , Batubara U M
Published: December 2021

Belulang grass (Eleusine indica) is a plant in the Poaceae family that is commonly found in the coastal area of Dumai, Riau Province. Eleusine indica is characterized by narrow leaves, concave stems that can reach up to 95 cm high and strong roots. E. indica is known to be very tolerant of its environment, including the environment contaminated with heavy metals. The ability of E. indica as a phytoremediation agent in absorbing heavy metals has been widely known as the role of metallothionein (MT) protein. MT is believed to have a function in the metal metabolism and detoxification process through the metal chelating interaction between the cysteine amino acid residues. This unique function prompted the interest to isolate the MT gene from E. indica. This method involves the isolation of genomic DNA from E. indica followed by the process of amplification of the MT gene using specific primers, namely MTFS and MTRS by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technology. The success of the MT gene isolation process from E. indica was evidenced by the presence of a single band size of around 172 bp via the visualization process on 1% agarose gel. Furthermore, the results of the PCR product are purified for the purpose of sequencing activity. The results of sequencing analysis of the 172 bp fragment showed 99.31% identical similarity with the complete metallothionein gene from E. indica (DQ082855.1) by using the BLASTN tool, NCBI website.
Development Strategies of the Bahari Jawai Marine Tourism Coast Area Based on Community Empowerment in Sambas Regency
Authors: Agam B , Maryono M , Sigiro O N
Published: December 2021

Tourism is an important sector that can increase coastal country’s economies. The industry of tourism has been increasing in recent years and it can generate job opportunities, reduce outward migration, increase the income level, and improve the livelihood of local communities. This paper outlines the potentials and characteristics of natural and human resources as a proponent of the development of marine coast tourism based on community empowerment. This study aims to analyze the potential of resources and the suitability of tourism area which is supporting the attraction of tourists factor to come to Bahari Jawai beach and to develop a strategy for developing the marine tourism area of Sambas Regency based on natural resource potential, perceptions, participation, and aspirations of tourists and the community local. This research method is a descriptive method with the nature of a case study. Data collection was using observation and literature review and was analyzed with quantitative and qualitative analysis on each indicator. The development strategies in this study are 1). Strengthening marine tourism management; 2). Optimizing promotion and socialization on internet media; 3). Optimizing institutional roles in improving coastal security systems and health protocols; 4). Development of accessibility such as supporting facilities for coastal facilities and infrastructure.
The Role of Communication as Mediator of the Commitment Effect on the Marine Fish Supply Chain Performance at Bangliau in Bagansiapiapi Riau, Indonesia
Authors: Hendri R , Yulinda E
Published: December 2021

This survey study aims to analyse the role of communication as a mediator of the commitment effect on the marine fish supply chain performance to bangliau (distributors’ fish landing site) in Bagansiapiapi, Riau Province, Indonesia. The unit of analysis for this study was 40 units bangliau, namely a place of collection, distribution, and marketing of fish. Respondents were 40 bangliau owners/managers who were taken by the census method. The data was collected using a closed questionnaire, containing several statements measured by a 5-point Likert scale. The data collected includes communication (language, clarity of message content, communication frequency, decision without pressure, and communicates honesty); commitment (affective, avoiding opportunists, normative, continuous improvement, goal oriented, confidence); and supply chain performance (the smoothness of the goods flow, money flow, and information flow). There were two hypotheses proposed in this study: commitment has a positive and significant effect on the marine fish supply chain performance in bangliau (H1); and commitment mediated by communication has a positive and significant effect on the marine fish supply chain performance in bangliau (H1a). The data were analysed using the Structural Equation Model (SEM) method, using the Smart Partial Least Square (SmartPLS) software version 3.0. The results show that commitment has a significant effect on the marine fish supply chain performance, but the role of communication as a mediator can further increase the commitment effect. The reason is that communication can increase understanding and help equalize perceptions of the marine fish supply chain among the entities involved.
Analysis of Household Food Security of The Bajo Community in West Muna Regency during The COVID 19 Pandemic
Authors: Limi M A , Zani M , Selvi S
Published: December 2021

Food security during the Covid-19 pandemic is a condition in which all Bajo households have access to food both physically and economically for all their family members so that they are not at risk of losing both access during the Covid-19 pandemic. This study aims to determine the household food security of the Bajo community in the West Muna Regency during the Covid 19 pandemic. This research was carried out in March-May 2020 in Latawe Village, Napano Kusambi District, West Muna Regency. The research location was selected purposively considering that the village is a coastal village where most of the population living is Bajo people who work as fishermen as many as 180 families. Many as 64 families determined the number of research samples using the Slovin formula and sampling using a simple random sampling technique. Data analysis was carried out using a descriptive method to measure the food security of Bajo households during the Covid 19 pandemic, which was estimated using the share of food spending where if the percentage of food spending was <60% of total spending, the household was food-secure and if the share of food spending was 60% of total expenditures, are households that are food insecure. The results show that 46.88% of Bajo households are food secure, and 53.12% are food insecure.
Livelihood Assets of Small-Scale Fisherman in Tanah Merah District, Indragiri Hilir Regency, Riau Province, Indonesia
Authors: Bathara L , Nugroho F , Yolandika C , Hamzah G
Published: December 2021

People in Tanah Merah Village, Tanah Merah Subdistrict, Indragiri Hilir Regency generally have a livelihood as fishermen. Fishermen can be said to be prosperous if they have good control over their livelihood assets. Livelihood assets consist of human, natural, social, financial and physical resource assets. This study aims to: (1) find out the meaning of the sustainable livelihood approach, (2) find out the livelihood assets of small-scale fishermen and (3) determine the condition of the livelihood assets of small-scale fishermen. The research was conducted in Tanah Merah District, Indragiri Hilir Regency, Riau Province. Respondents from this study were 45 people. The method used in this research was survey method. The data analysis used was descriptive analysis. Descriptive analysis was used to generate an overview of the data that has been collected based on the respondents’ answers through the distribution of items from each variable. The presentation of the data was done by cross tabulating according to the parameters of several aspects of the assets that support fishermen’s livelihoods. The result showed that the livelihood assets of small-scale fishermen namely natural assets, human resources, social, financial and physical are in the medium category. The acquisition of this value can indicate that the control of the livelihood assets of small-scale fishermen in Tanah Merah Village is not sustainable.
Fishing Ground Mapping of Demersal Fish in The Riau Islands Province Waters Related to the Oceanographic Factors
Authors: Sambah A B , Fardilah M F F , Fuad M A Z , Rahman M A
Published: December 2021

Research on the potential fishing ground for demersal fishing is a way to determine the areas that have the potential for fishing activities. Potential fishing ground mapping can be done by observing the dynamics of oceanographic parameters. The use of satellite imagery helps in providing oceanographic data in order to study the variability of oceanographic parameter. The aim of the study was to analyse the relationship between oceanographic parameter and demersal fish catch in order to validate potential fishing grounds for demersal fish. This research has been conducted in the waters of the Riau islands. Field observations and data collection including surveys of fishing grounds and identification of fish catches were carried out during March to August 2020. To support the analysis, Aqua-Modis Level-3 satellite data was used to observe the oceanographic variations. The data used in the analysis consisted of fishing grounds coordinate information, catches, sea surface temperature, chlorophyll-a, water depth, and salinity. The results showed that during the period 2010-2020, oceanographic dynamics did not experience significant changes or tended to be stable. Most of the research areas indicated appropriate categories for fishing activities based on the research parameters analysis. The correlation of the research parameters described a significant effect on fishing activities.
Risk Assessment Fishing Vessel Based for the Intact Ship Stability
Authors: Santoso B , Romadoni R , Suzdayan S , Nasution P
Published: December 2021

Application of safety assessment and risk analysis using a risk-based approach for ship stability in ship operations at sea. However, there are currently no specific criteria and computational methods for risk assessment of ship stability. Based on the stability requirements for fishing activities at sea, the ship stability criteria will be explained in detail in this study. Calculation of stability used to obtain the GZ enforcement arm is carried out with the help of software for the shaking period using the International Maritime Organization (IMO) formula. Next, how to calculate parameters and determine certain coefficients for risk assessment of ship stability, and how to redraw the stability curve. Finally, proposed method is applied to ship model with comments and recommendations for monitoring to provide and overview. The study result indicate that the five loading conditions that occur on the ship have good stability by the criteria set by the International Maritime Organization (IMO). The value of GMt in each condition includes condition 1 and so on, 0.48; 0.48; 0.47; 0.46; 0.43. The results are presented in the form of F-N. Finally the sensitivity of the model is evaluated along with the assessment of associated uncertainties. The FN graph represents acceptable areas and unacceptable areas. Based on the results of data processing, the highest GM at GM Load-case 5 0.638 meters is in the Acceptable area. While Load-case 1 to Load-case 4 GM values sequentially Load-case 1: 0.487 meters; Load-case 2: 0.488 meters; Load-case 3: 0.47 meters; Load-case 4: 0.468 meters; is in an unacceptable area Unacceptable.