bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Infiltrados(as) en la academia: capacitismo en la universidad desde la experiencia de académicos(as) con discapacidad/diversidad funcional en Chile
Authors: Herrera Oesterheld Florencia , Vera Fuente-Alba Luis
Published: May 2021

El objetivo de este artículo, escrito por dos profesores universitarios con discapacidad, es realizar una primera aproximación al capacitismo existente en las universidades chilenas. Para reflexionar sobre el capacitismo en la academia revisamos experiencias de profesores y profesoras universitarios con discapacidad o diversidad funcional (incluyendo nuestras experiencias). Los(as) profesores(as) enfrentan cargas adicionales de trabajo relacionadas con verse forzados(as) a lidiar con las barreras que les impone el entorno y las actitudes capacitistas. El revelar o comunicar una discapacidad en el ámbito universitario es un proceso complejo. Los riesgos de hacerlo son la estigmatización y la discriminación y no están claras las ventajas. Los(as) académicos(as) con discapacidad/diversidad funcional desarrollan estrategias de resistencia para enfrentar un entorno universitario que los estigmatiza y discrimina. Necesitamos que las universidades modifiquen su infraestructura y su cultura discriminatoria y se transformen en espacios seguros para las personas con discapacidad.
O Desenho De Projetos Como Valor Agregado Na Gestão Das Pequenas E Médias Empresas Em Moçambique
Authors: Armindo Adalberto Paulino Falso , Silva Adriana Ferreira da
Published: May 2021

Nos dias de hoje, os desafios das pequenas e médias empresas são a sua continuidade no mercado, para que isso ocorra elas dependem do abandono dos modelos de gestão tradicionais e da adoção dos modelos de gestão modernos. Assim sendo, o desenho de projeto é visto como uma metodologia de operações e inovações nas organizações. Acreditando no contexto preliminar descrito acima, se formulou a seguinte pergunta: que fatores se associam para ausência de desenho de projeto para agregar valores na gestão das pequenas e médias empresas em Moçambique? E para dar as respostas sobre o problema de pesquisa, foram formulados os objetivos, geral: estudar os fatores que se associam para ausência de desenho de projeto na gestão das pequenas e médias empresas em Moçambique e, como específicos: (i) descrever os modelos organizacionais aplicados na gestão das pequenas e médias empresas; (ii) levantar as conceções teóricas e práticas sobre gestão de projetos organizacionais; (iii) Identificar os fatores que associam para ausência de desenho de projetos na gestão das pequenas e médias empresas e (iv) definir possíveis modelos organizacionais para gestão das pequenas e médias empresas. O artigo teve uma abordagem quantitativa e qualitativa e é uma pesquisa do tipo exploratória. Este artigo, traz como resultados, um novo paradigma para gestão das pequenas e médias empresas moçambicanas. Ela traz ainda o contributo e oportunidades para os gestores das empresas e linhas de continuidade em estudos posteriores neste campo e em outras áreas.
Islamic Financing for Small Medium Enterprises: Challenges and Opportunities
Authors: Muhamad Siti Nurain , Wan Ismail Wan Nur Syahida , A Rahim Nurul Aisyah Awanis , Ahmad Sarah Nadia
Published: May 2021

This study attempts to discuss the challenges and opportunities of Islamic financing for Small Medium Enterprise (SMEs), as the Islamic finance industry's growth and SMEs are stimulated in this recent year. The government has introduced Islamic SME financing since 2012, and Malaysia has promoted it by granting a rebate for the participated parties, especially Islamic financial institutions. However, the government's opportunities are still in the slow mode to be grabbed by SMEs. With selected literature related to SMEs and Islamic financing, this study discussed SMEs and Islamic banks' practices in Malaysia. Based on the literature, several issues had to be highlighted, such as SMEs' readiness to have the opportunity with larger firms, SMEs' behaviours, and attitudes when dealing with external supports, as well as their awareness of business financing. Thus, this study highlights the challenges and real issues among SMEs and points out the opportunities for improvement that are expected to benefit SMEs and Islamic financial institutions in Malaysia.
Analisis Preferensi Petani Kelapa Sawit dalam Membeli Bibit Kelapa Sawit Bersertifikat di Kabupaten Batu Bara
Authors: Nasution Myrna Pratiwi , Br Tarigan Putri Sina
Published: May 2021

Ada beberapa faktor penyebab petani kurang kesadaran akan pentingnya mutu dan produktivitas tanaman kelapa sawit, diantaranya minimnya informasi dan publikasi, kurangnya sosialisasi penggunaan bibit yang bermutu serta keterbatasan modal petani. Dari sisi produsen, di Indonesia terdapat beberapa perusahaan yang menghasilkan bibit kelapa sawit bersertifikat dengan harga yang beragam. Perusahaan ini menawarkan harga bibit mulai dari kecambah, bibit umur 3 bulan dan bibit umur lebih dari 9 bulan. Banyaknya bibit bersertifikat yang ditawarkan membuat posisi persaingan antar merek menjadi lebih ketat yang memicu produsen terus berusaha membuat strategi bisnis yang baik agar produknya di pasaran dapat diterima oleh konsumen terutama para pelaku usaha kelapa sawit. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk menganalisis kombinasi produk bibit bersertifikat, atribut kombinasi produk, dan preferensi petani terhadap penggunaan bibit kelapa sawit bersertifikat. Data yang diperoleh pada saat penelitian diolah dengan metode conjoint analysis. Data penelitian diambil dari 100 responden petani. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan preferensi petani bibit bersertifikat yang sangat disukai yaitu benih bersertifikat dengan atribut jenis Dumpy keluaran PPKS, umur 3 bulan, kisaran harga Rp.15.000, mendapatkan promosi dari produsen benih sebesar 25%, sangat mudah dalam mengakses benih bersertifikat, dan benih bersertifikat dapat ditanam di tipe lahan bergelombang. Preferensi petani dalam membeli bibit kelapa sawit memilih harga bibit sebagai atribut yang paling diutamakan ketika melakukan pembelian bibit bersertifikat di Kabupaten Batu Bara.
Efek Multiplier Dana Desa di Masyarakat Tani Desa Perbatasan NKRI-RDTL Kabupaten Timor Tengah Utara
Authors: Sipayung Boanerges Putra , Joka Umbu
Published: May 2021

Dana desa yang diberikan oleh Pemerintah Pusat kepada Pemerintah Desa bertujuan untuk mempercepat pemerataan perekonomian Indonesia. Pemerintah Desa diharapkan mampu mengelola dana desa untuk percepatan pembangunan Indonesia khususnya didaerah tertinggal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis efek multiplier dana desa di desa perbatasan NKRI-RDTL Kabupaten Timor Tengah Utara. Penelitian dilaksanakan di desa perbatasan NKRI-RDTL pada bulan Juni-September 2020. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa angka multiplier effect pada desa penelitian berada dibawah 1,5. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan dana desa sampai tahun 2020 belum maksimal karena aktivitas ekonomi yang dilakukan pada masyarakat perbatasan di Kabupaten Timor Tengah Utara masih tergolong rendah.
Pengaruh Jenis Pupuk Cair dan Diameter Pot pada Budidaya Selada (Lactuca Sativa,L) Secara Hidroponik
Authors: Keraf Ursulina Uto , Raharjo Krisantus Tri Pambudi
Published: May 2021

Selada (Lactuca sativa L), merupakan sayuran yang berumur pendek dan dapat ditanam di dataran rendah ataupun dataran tinggi. Selada memiliki tekstur warna hijau selada memiliki rasa yang enak dan renyah dan bisa langsung dikomsumsi. Tujuan Penelitian, untuk mengetahui pengaruh jenis pupuk cair dan diameter pot terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman selada pada budidaya secara hidroponik, untuk memperoleh jenis pupuk cair dan diameter pot yang optimal meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman selada pada budidaya secara hidroponik. Media tanam yang digunakan untuk hidroponik harus memenuhi persyaratan yaitu harus ringan, porous dan bersih. Budidaya secara hidroponik sistem subtrat untuk tanaman sayuran sebaiknya menggunakan media yang ringan, salah satunya adalah arang sekam. Suatu penelitian yang bertujuan untuk memperoleh jenis pupuk cair dan diameter pot yang optimal meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman selada pada budidaya secara hidroponik telah dilaksanakan dikebun Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Timor, Kabupaten TTU menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) faktorial 3x3 diulang 3 kali. Faktor pertama adalah jenis pupuk cair organik, yaitu: AB Mix (J1), teh guano (J2), dan teh kompos daun gamal (Gliricidia sepium) (J3). Faktor kedua adalah diameter pot yaitu: 8,5cm (D1), 18 cm (D2) dan 23 cm (D3). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan interaksi antara perlakuan diameter pot dan jenis pupuk cair tidak terjadi pada semua parameter pengamatan, tetapi penggunaan diameter pot 18 cm dengan jenis teh kompos daun gamal meningkatkan hasil lebih tinggi pada pengamatan bobot segar total tanaman, bobot segar berangkasan, dan bobot segar hasil tanaman selada.
Uji Efek Aplikasi Takaran Biochar dan Kompos Kirinyuh Tahun Ke Dua terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Selada Darat (Lactuca SativaL.)
Authors: Neonbeni Eduardus Yosef , Boe Veronika , Berek Arnoldus Klau
Published: May 2021

Selada darat (Lactuca sativa L.) merupakan salah satu komoditi sayuran hortikultura yang memiliki prospek dan nilai komersial yang tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan menguji efek aplikasi takaran biochar dan kompos kirinyuh tahun keduaterhadap sifat fisik tanah, pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman selada darat. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Maret-Mei 2018, dikebun percobaan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Timor. Rancangan yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah rancangan acak lengkap faktorial 5 x 3 yang di ulang 3 kali. Faktor pertama adalah takaran biochar yang terdiri dari 5 aras, yaitu 0 t/ha, 2,5 t/ha, 5 t/ha, 7,5 t/ha dan 10 t/ha. Faktor kedua adalah kompos kirinyuh yang terdiri dari 3 aras, yaitut anpa kompos kirinyuh 0t/ha, 5 t/ha, dan 10 t/ha. Campuran tanah, biochar dan kompos kirinyuh yang digunakan tahun sebelumnya, dikeringanginkan, dihaluskan, diayak dan dimasukan kembali ke dalam pot, diairi dan ditanami dengan bibit selada yang telah disemaikan 2 minggu sebelumnya. Parameter yang diamati dalam penelitian ini: suhu tanah, kadar lengas tanah, daya hantar listrik, PH tanah, berat volume tanah, tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, luas daun, berat segar trubus per tanaman, berat kering per tanaman, Panjang akar, berat segar akar, berat kering akar, rasio akar tajuk, indeks panen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan biochar pada takaran 2,5 t/ha menghasilkan trubus segar terberat 16,64 g/tanaman lebih tinggi dibandingkan tahun pertama (0 t/ha), sedangkan kompos kirinyuh pada takaran 10 t/ha menghasilkan trubus segar seberat 15.11 g/tanaman lebih tinngi dari pada hasil tahun pertama (0 t/ha). Hasil tersebut menunjukkan adanya aging effect aplikasi biochar sekam padi dan kompos kirinyuh terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil selada darat.
Pengaruh Jenis Biochar terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Beberapa Jenis Cover Crop dalam Tumpang Sari dengan Jagung Varietas Lokal (Zea Mays L)
Authors: Metboki Antonius Th.
Published: May 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari beberapa jenis biochar yang mempengaruhi pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman cover crop pada tumpang sari dengan tanaman jagung lokal kuning, dan untuk mengkaji efek jenis cover crop terhadap kadar lengas dan berat volume tanah. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada pada bulan Januari 2018–Juli 2018 di kebun percobaan Fakultas Pertanian (belakang Perpustakaan Universitas Timor). Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Petak Beralur (Strip Plot Design). Faktor pertama adalah jenis cover crop (C) terdiri dari 3 aras, kacang arbila (Phaseolus lunatus) (C1), kacang nipe (Mucuna pruriens) (C2), dan kacang nasi (Vigna anggularis L.) (C3). Faktor kedua adalah jenis biochar (B) yang terdiri dari 4 (empat) aras yakni tanpa biochar (B0), serbuk gergaji (B1), sekam padi (B2), kerinyuh (B3). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak adanya interaksi pengamatan antara legume cover crop dan jenis biochar. Cover crop M. pruriens memiliki luas penutupan tanah tertinggi dan memberikan suhu tanah terendah dan dapat mempertahankan kadar lengas tanah. Produktivitas Cover crop V. angularis memberikan produktivitas hasil terbaik sedangkan M. pruriens belum berproduksi namun memiliki luas penutupan tanah yang besar dan ketebalan yang tinggi yang mana sangat baik digunakan sebagai tanaman penutup tanah.
Development of Learning Tools for Mathematics Content Based on a Contextual Approach to Improve the Higher-Level Thinking Ability of 5th Grade SDN Students 047179 Kutagerat
Authors: Sembiring Melina Br. , Mulyono Mulyono , Matondang Zulkifli
Published: May 2021

This research aims to knowing the validity of learning tools developed using a contextual approach in improving the high-order thinking skills of students of SDN 047179 Kutagerat; know the practicality of the learning tools being developed; know the effectiveness of learning tools; and knowing the increase in students' higher order thinking skills using learning tools based on a contextual approach. This study uses the Thiagarajan 4-D development model. VaThe lidity of learning media used descriptive statistical analysis. Data analysis to find out how the increase in the score of increasing student learning outcomes can be obtained from the normalized gain index data. The results showed that: (1) The results of the validator's assessment of the four mathematics learning tools based on the contextual approach that had been developed were as follows: (a) the linguist's assessment obtained an overall average of 93%; (b) the design expert's assessment obtained an overall average of 93.13%; (c) the material expert's assessment obtained an overall average of 96%. The results of the validation of the four learning tools by the validator are in the criteria of "very feasible" to be used in the field; (2) The results of the response of the fifth grade teacher at SDN 047179 Kutagerat to the learning tools obtained an average percentage of 89%. The result of the average percentage of the overall field test on student responses is86%with "very good" criteria. This means that the learning tools are practical and can meet the demands of learning needs; (3) after learning using learning tools obtained on average 92, it was concluded that the students' abilities experienced a high significant increase and reached the KKM as expected; and (4) the average N-Gain gain is 0.718. The average is categorized as high because if 0.30 <g <0.70 it is categorized as high. It was concluded that students who use mathematics content learning tools based on a contextual approach in the learning process can improve learning outcomes or students' higher order thinking skills in the fraction count operations material.
Capital Structure and Its Implication on Profitability: An Empirical Study from Sharia Banks in Indonesia
Authors: Rahadian Dadan , Ramandhini Zahara Fitri
Published: May 2021

Profitability is one of the business goals that need to be achieved to ensure sustainability, as well as a chance to expand. Capital structure is the subject of an interesting discussion in determining profitability. This study aims at examining the influence of capital structure on profitability in sharia banks in Indonesia in which the management of sharia banks is different from conventional banks. A capital structure used in this study comprises the Debt-to-Equity Ratio (DER) and Debt-to-Asset Ratio (DAR), while profitability comprises Return-on-Equity (ROE) and Return-on-Asset (ROA) in sharia banks in Indonesia for five years. The findings revealed that there was no significant influence between capital structure and profitability in sharia banks in Indonesia, both measured using DER, DAR on ROE, and ROA. This study implies that the findings are different from previous studies, but the results of the correlation coefficient show a negative direction. In other words, the higher the use of debt, the lower the profitability. The use of debt that is too high can reduce the level of profitability, and not produce assets at the optimal point. Therefore, the composition of debt in sharia banks needs special attention to increase the expected profit.
Reflections on Hemingway’s Life Experience in A Farewell to Arms (Historical-Biographical Study)
Authors: Solissa Everhard Markiano
Published: May 2021

The purpose of this research is to find and describe the relationship between Hemingway’s life story in A Farewell to Arms and his real life. This research is a qualitative descriptive study with a historical-biographical approach, that is, an approach that sees literature as the life and era of its author. The research data is in the form of novel texts that describe the characters and the setting of the place. The data were obtained by using the reading-note technique, namely reading the data carefully and recording the parts of the data related to the setting, characters, and characterizations. The data were analyzed by describing the setting and characters in A Farewell to Arms then compared with the data on The German Wars 1914–194, World War I and http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernest_Hemingway. The results of the analysis show that there is a relationship between the character and place in A Farewell to Arms and the author’s life.
Implementation of Complete Systematic Land Registration Program in the City or District Of Ex-Residency Besuki (Study on the Implementation of Complete Systematic Land Registration Program in 2017 until 2019)
Authors: Sunni S. Faqih , Anshari SN. Tunggul , Supriyadi Supriyadi
Published: May 2021

Land has a very important role important in human life, because land is always closely related to the scope of everyday society, whether it is used for housing, farming, or conducting business activities. The existence of land has a dual function, namely as a capital asset and social asset. Therefore, to provide comfort and security to the owners and rulers of a field of land, legal land registration is very important to be carried out by the community. Thus, to make it easier for the community to obtain legal certainty, the ATR / BPN (Agrarian and Spatial Planning / National Land Agency) Institution established a program called Complete Systematic Land Registration (PTSL) which is carried out simultaneously throughout Indonesia. This study will discuss how the implementation of the Complete Systematic Land Registration Program (PTSL) in 4 (four) Ex-Residency Besuki Districts. By using an empirical juridical approach to study the applicable legal provisions and what happens in the reality of society, then it is analyzed using SWOT analysis and the effectiveness theory approach according to Soerjono Soekanto, who argues that the effectiveness of a law is determined by 5 factors, namely, law enforcers (those who apply the law) means and facilities that support law enforcement, society, and community culture. Data collection techniques used interviews and documentation. The results showed that the implementation of PTSL in 4 (four) Districts of the Former Residency of Besuki was effective in terms of law factors and facilities and infrastructure that support law enforcement. The implementation of PTSL in 4 (four) Ex-Besuki Districts was less effective in terms of Law Enforcement Factors, Community Factors, and Cultural Factors.
The Essence of Multiculture for Students through Module in Faculty of Education, Medan State University
Authors: Nur'aini Nur'aini
Published: May 2021

The learning process has not been optimal in the multicultural counseling course. There are many ways that lecturers can do so that the learning process can be optimal, one of which is by using learning media such as modules. This study aims to develop a multicultural counseling course module and describe the feasibility level of the module by experts and students. This research is a development using a model namely Define, Design, Develop, Disseminate. The subject of the research product validity test involved two material experts and two media experts and the product quality testing was carried out on 40academic year2018 students Guidance and Counseling Study Program Faculty of Education, State University of Medan. Data analysis techniques for product feasibility use quantitative descriptive analysis. The results showed (1) a developed multicultural counseling course module was available, (2) a multicultural counseling module was assessed as feasible by material experts, obtained a percentage of 80.36% and a media expert obtained 77.50% and a module quality test by students obtained at 87.20% with very decent category. This result is in the feasible category and the product can be used by lecturers and students in the learning process, especially in the multicultural counseling subject.
Integrating Geophysical, Geochemical and Geotechnical Characteristics to Assess Soil and Groundwater Resources in Ovade, South-South Nigeria
Authors: Uchegbulam O. , Ugbe F. C.
Published: May 2021

Integrated methods were employed to assess soil and groundwater resources in an oil and gas producing area. Earth resistivity meter was used for the electrical imaging of the subsurface. Physico-chemical, geochemical and geotechnical parameters of soil and groundwater samples were determined. The results of the resistivity data revealed that a high resistive plume with resistivity > 2,000 Ohm-m has penetrated the soil beyond 20 m beneath the surface in some parts. The water samples show mild acidity with pH values in the range 4.3-5.5. Total dissolved solids (TDS) is low 26.55- 38.05 mg/L and conductivity ranges from 55.38-65.60 µS/cm. Iron content in water is fairly high (0.878-0.994 mg/L). Groundwater samples analysis using ultra violet (UV) detector and gas chromatography (GC) show that total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) is very low (< 0.01 mg/L and <0.031mg/L) respectively. It can be attributed to the sealing of the confined aquifer by impermeable clay in the case of the groundwater. The average permeability of the soil is 8.098 ´ 10-3cm/s indicating good drainage. The results have shown that shallow boreholes are prone to pollution. Groundwater of the area needs treatment before it can be consumed and integrated methods of investigation should be carried out periodically.
Clinical Incidence of Diseases in Cattle and Goat at Different Area of Bera Upzilla in Pabna District of Bangladesh
Authors: Meher M. M. , Afrin M. , Sarker S.
Published: May 2021

Ruminant, especially cattle and goats constitute the major portion of the livestock which are usually suffered from a wide range of diseases. Hence, this study was designed to determine clinical cases of cattle and goat in relation to different parameter. A total of 106 sick ruminants (cattle = 56, goat = 50) in different area of Bera upzilla, Pabna were investigated during March to September, 2016. The parasitic infestation (32.1%) in cattle and viral diseases (36%) in goat were higher. In relation to sex, the disease frequencies were higher in female goat of 56.0% and reproductive diseases in female cattle of 66.7%. Among the clinical case, 70% was in black bangle goat. On the other side, the vaccination and grazing system had strong significant (p<0.01) association with disease frequencies having the chi-square value of 36.036 and 35.617, p<0.01, with Phi (φ) coefficient of 0.583 and -0.580 respectively. Besides this, the male owner of clinically sick animal was higher of 71.40% for cattle and 52% for goat with chi-square value, (N=106) = 4.244, p<0.05, φ coefficient of 0.20 indicating a significantly moderate association. However, these two ruminants (cattle and goat) are mostly vulnerable to parasitic infestation and viral diseases.
DFT Study of Efinaconazole, an Antifungal Drug and Its Molecular Docking against a Holoenzyme (pdb id: 3IDB)
Authors: Hossen J. , Pal T. K.
Published: May 2021

Efinaconazole (ECZ) is an antifungal drug. Various non-covalent interactions between ECZ and a holoenzyme (protein id: 3idb) has been investigated through computational study. The structure of ECZ was optimized using density functional theory (DFT) applying B3LYP/6-311G+(d,p) method. HOMO, LUMO, chemical hardness and softness, several thermochemical parameters, electrostatic potential surface, vibrational spectrum, total energy, and maximum internal force and maximum internal displacement with respect to optimization step number have been determined. The optimized ECZ ligand was subjected to molecular docking against the protein 3idb in Autodock Vina program. The different non-covalent interactions in the ligand-protein complex were visualized in BIOVIA Discovery Studio Visualizer. Various surface plots such as hydrogen bonds, ionizability, SAS, hydrophobicity, aromatic and charge surfaces were excerpted. ECZ molecule forms three strong hydrogen bonds with amino acid residues of the holoenzyme. In addition to this, it is significantly capable to form several other bonds which strengthen the ligand-protein interaction. The result showed that the ECZ molecule posed considerable binding affinity against the macromolecule.
Correspondence to article "Continuity of care between hospital pharmacies and community pharmacies, and costs avoided: a pilot experience in times of COVID-19 in Spain"
Authors: Gomez David
Published: May 2021

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La formación continua de los docentes de educación básica infantil en américa latina: una revisión sistemática
Authors: Aguirre-Canales Vilma I. , Gamarra-Vásquez Julia A. , Lira-Seguín Nelly A. , Carcausto Wilfredo
Published: May 2021

El propósito principal del presente artículo fue llevar a cabo una revisión sistemática de estudios empíricos sobre la formación continua de docentes en los niveles de educación básica infantil en América Latina, dicha información fue recogida de revistas indexadas en relación al tema en la base de datos de Scielo, Scopus, Ebsco y Dialnet,  entre los años 2010 al 2019. De acuerdo al análisis de las evidencias recopiladas, en los diferentes estudios se identificaron aspectos como: a) la formación continua como medio de transformación de la práctica pedagógica, b) el desarrollo profesional docente y la cultura investigativa como parte de la formación continua, c) la importancia del desarrollo de los programas de formación continua para potenciar las capacidades pedagógicas de los docentes. Concluyendo que las publicaciones en relación a la formación continua presentan un carácter ascendente, siendo Brasil el país con el mayor número de publicaciones. Así también, se develó que la metodología más utilizada en estos estudios es de enfoque cualitativo y finalmente se demostró que las aplicaciones de los programas de formación continua tuvieron efectos positivos en la modificación de su trabajo diario como docente y la mejora como profesional.
Analisis Penerapan Pendekatan Scientific Serta Pengaruhnya Terhadap Minat Belajar Fisika dan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Siswa SMA
Authors: Choiruhi Isma , Bektiarso Singgih , Sudarti Sudarti
Published: May 2021

Pada beberapa sekolah menerapkan pendekatan scientific dalam proses pembelajaran, namun masih belum diketahui apakah penerapan pendekatan tersebut sudah maksimal atau tidak serta berpengaruh terhadap minat belajar fisika dan kemampuan berpikir kritis, mengingat minat belajar fisika dan kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa masih tergolong rendah. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk menganalisis pengaruh penerapan pendekatan scientific terhadap minat belajar fisika dan kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa SMAN 1 Tanggul. Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian explanatory dengan multivariat. Sedangkan analisis datanya menggunakan analisis deskriptif dan analisis SEM. Hasil penelitian ini yaitu Ada pengaruh yang signifikan pada penerapan pendekatan scientific terhadap minat belajar fisika dan kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa SMAN 1 Tanggul.
FOXC2 Autoregulates Its Expression in the Pulmonary Endothelium After Endotoxin Stimulation in a Histone Acetylation-Dependent Manner
Authors: Xia Sheng , Yu Wei , Menden Heather , Younger Scott T. , Sampath Venkatesh
Published: May 2021

The innate immune response of pulmonary endothelial cells (EC) to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induces Forkhead box protein C2 (FOXC2) activation through Toll Like Receptor 4 (TLR4). The mechanisms by which FOXC2 expression is regulated in lung EC under LPS stimulation remain unclear. We postulated that FOXC2 regulates its own expression in sepsis, and its transcriptional autoregulation directs lymphatic EC cell-fate decision. Bioinformatic analysis identified potential FOXC2 binding sites in the FOXC2 promoter. In human lung EC, we verified using chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and luciferase assays that FOXC2 bound to its own promoter and stimulated its expression after LPS stimulation. Chemical inhibition of histone acetylation by garcinol repressed LPS-induced histone acetylation in the FOXC2 promoter region, and disrupted LPS-mediated FOXC2 binding and transcriptional activation. CRISPR/dCas9/gRNA directed against FOXC2-binding-element (FBE) suppressed LPS-stimulated FOXC2 binding and autoregulation by blocking FBEs in the FOXC2 promoter, and repressed expression of lymphatic EC markers. In a neonatal mouse model of sterile sepsis, LPS-induced FOXC2 binding to FBE and FOXC2 expression in lung EC was attenuated with garcinol treatment. These data reveal a new mechanism of LPS-induced histone acetylation-dependent FOXC2 autoregulation.
Mechanistic Insights on Heme-to-Heme Transmembrane Electron Transfer Within NADPH Oxydases From Atomistic Simulations
Authors: Wu Xiaojing , Hénin Jérôme , Baciou Laura , Baaden Marc , Cailliez Fabien , de la Lande Aurélien
Published: May 2021

NOX5 is a member of the NADPH oxidase family which is dedicated to the production of reactive oxygen species. The molecular mechanisms governing transmembrane electron transfer (ET) that permits to shuttle electrons over the biological membrane have remained elusive for a long time. Using computer simulations, we report conformational dynamics of NOX5 embedded within a realistic membrane environment. We assess the stability of the protein within the membrane and monitor the existence of cavities that could accommodate dioxygen molecules. We investigate the heme-to-heme electron transfer. We find a reaction free energy of a few tenths of eV (ca. −0.3 eV) and a reorganization free energy of around 1.1 eV (0.8 eV after including electrostatic induction corrections). The former indicates thermodynamically favorable ET, while the latter falls in the expected values for transmembrane inter-heme ET. We estimate the electronic coupling to fall in the range of the μeV. We identify electron tunneling pathways showing that not only the W378 residue is playing a central role, but also F348. Finally, we reveal the existence of two connected O2−binding pockets near the outer heme with fast exchange between the two sites on the nanosecond timescale. We show that when the terminal heme is reduced, O2 binds closer to it, affording a more efficient tunneling pathway than when the terminal heme is oxidized, thereby providing an efficient mechanism to catalyze superoxide production in the final step. Overall, our study reveals some key molecular mechanisms permitting reactive oxygen species production by NOX5 and paves the road for further investigation of ET processes in the wide family of NADPH oxidases by computer simulations.
Developing an Error Map for Cognitive Navigation System
Authors: Ito Atsushi , Nakamura Yosuke , Hiramatsu Yuko , Kitani Tomoya , Hatano Hiroyuki
Published: May 2021

Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) positioning is a widely used and a key intelligent transportation system (ITS) technology. An automotive navigation system is necessary when driving to an unfamiliar location. One difficulty regarding GNSS positioning occurs when an error is caused by various factors, which reduces the positioning accuracy and impacts the performance of applications such as navigation systems. However, there is no way for users to be aware of the magnitude of the error. In this paper, we propose a cognitive navigation system that uses an error map to provide users with information about the magnitude of errors to better understand the positioning accuracy. This technology can allow us to develop a new navigation system that offers a more user-friendly interface. We propose that the method will develop an error map by using two low-cost GNSS receivers to provide information about the magnitude of errors. We also recommend some applications that will work with the error map.
Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation Patients: Overview and Practical Management
Authors: Weferling Maren , Hamm Christian W. , Kim Won-Keun
Published: May 2021

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is present in 40–75% of patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) for severe symptomatic aortic stenosis. Currently, the indication for TAVI is expanding toward younger patients at lower surgical risk. Given the progressive nature of CAD, the necessity for coronary angiography (CA), including percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), will subsequently increase as in the future TAVI patients will be younger and have a longer life expectancy. Data on the impact of PCI in patients with severe CAD scheduled for TAVI are controversial, and although European and US guidelines recommend PCI before TAVI, the optimal timing for PCI remains unclear due to a lack of evidence. Depending on the valve type, position, and axial alignment of the implanted device, CA and/or PCI after TAVI can be challenging. Hence, every interventionalist should be familiar with the different types of transcatheter heart valves and their characteristics and technical issues that can arise during invasive coronary procedures. This review provides an overview of current data regarding the prevalence and clinical implications of CAD and PCI in TAVI patients and includes useful guidance for practical management in the clinical routine.
Sensitivity to Thyroid Hormones and Risk of Prediabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Liu Bingyang , Wang Zixiao , Fu Jinrong , Guan Haixia , Lyu Zhaohui , Wang Wei
Published: May 2021

Context

Thyroid hormone influences glucose homeostasis through central and peripheral regulations. To date, the link between sensitivity to thyroid hormones and prediabetes remains unknown. We aimed to investigate the association between thyroid hormones sensitivity and risk of prediabetes in both general and euthyroid populations.

Methods

Participants with serum free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4), and thyrotropin (TSH) measurements from the health checkup programs of the First Hospital of China Medical University were collected. We measured the parameters representing central and peripheral sensitivities to thyroid hormones (central sensitivity, assessed by calculating Thyroid Feedback Quantile-based Index (TFQI), TSH Index (TSHI), and Thyrotroph Thyroxine Resistance Index (TT4RI); peripheral sensitivity, evaluated by FT3/FT4 ratio). Associations between thyroid hormones sensitivities and risk of prediabetes were assessed with logistic regression.

Results

A total of 4378 participants (mean age ± SD, 49 ± 11 years) were included, with 1457 (33%) subjects had prediabetes. The risk of prediabetes was negatively associated with levels of TSHI (odds ratio [OR] 0.91; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.85–0.97), TT4RI (OR 0.91; 95% CI, 0.84–0.99) and Parametric TFQI (PTFQI) (OR 0.89; 95% CI, 0.83–0.95) among all subjects. The association remained significant in euthyroid subjects and euthyroid subjects with negative thyroid autoimmunity. Higher FT3/FT4 ratio was associated with a mild increased risk of prediabetes (95% CI 1.09; 1.02–1.16). Compared with subjects in the lowest quartile of PTFQI, those in the highest quartile had lower risk of prediabetes (0.70; 95% CI, 0.58–0.84).

Conclusions

Decreased central sensitivity to thyroid hormones is associated with lower risk of prediabetes. This demonstrates the complex interaction between thyroid system and glucose metabolism. Future studies are warranted to confirm our findings and underlying mechanisms.
Comparative Investigation of Fullerene PC71BM and Non-fullerene ITIC-Th Acceptors Blended With P3HT or PBDB-T Donor Polymers for PV Applications
Authors: Otieno Francis , Kotane Lesias , Airo Mildred , Erasmus Rudolph M. , Billing Caren , Wamwangi Daniel , Billing David G.
Published: May 2021

Fundamentally, organic solar cells (OSCs) with a bulk-heterojunction active layer are made of at least two electronically dissimilar molecules, in which photoabsorption in one (donor) generates Frenkel excitons. The formation of free charge carriers emerge after exciton dissociation at the donor:acceptor interface. In the past decade, most of the progress in enhanced device performance has been steered by the rapid development of novel donor and acceptor materials and on device engineering. Among these donor materials, regioregular poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) produced better performance despite the mismatch of its absorption coefficient with the solar emission spectrum. Comparatively the donor PBDB-T exhibits an outstanding absorption coefficient with a deeper-lying highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) level. Previously most of the efficient acceptors were based on fullerene molecules characterized by limited photoabsorption and stability. In contrast, the recently developed non-fullerene OSCs have a tunable absorption spectrum and exhibit improved stability. In this work, we explore the fundamental sources of the differences in the device performance for different blend compositions made of fullerene derivative (PC71BM) and non-fullerene (ITIC-Th) when paired with the polymer donors P3HT and PBDB-T. The characteristic changes of the optical properties of these blends and their roles in device performance are also investigated. We also studied charge generation where PBDB-T:PC71BM showed the highest maximum exciton generation rate (Gmax) of 3.22 × 1028 s–1 while P3HT: ITIC-Th gave the lowest (0.96 × 1028 s–1). Also noted, PC71BM based counterparts gave better charge transfer capabilities as seen from the lower PL quenching and higher charge carrier dissociation plus collection probability P(E,T) derived from a plot of Jph/Jsat ratio under short-circuit conditions against the effective voltages.
Mutation and Copy Number Alterations Analysis of KIF23 in Glioma
Authors: Zhao Zheng , Wang Zheng , Bao Zhao-Shi , Gao Wei-Zhen , Zhang Yuan-Da , Ruan Ci-Jie , Lv Tao , Wang Yong , Sun Li-Hua
Published: May 2021

In glioma, kinesin family member 23 (KIF23) is up-regulated and plays a vital role in oncogenesis. However, the mechanism underlying KIF23 overexpression in malignant glioma remains to be elucidated. This study aims to find potential causes of KIF23 high expression at genome level. To clarify this issue, we obtained point mutation and copy number alterations (CNAs) of KIF23 in 319 gliomas using whole-exome sequencing. Only two glioma samples with missense mutations in KIF23 coding region were identified, while 7 patients were detected with amplification of KIF23. Additional analysis showed that KIF23 amplification was significantly associated with higher expression of KIF23. Gene ontology analysis indicated that higher copy number of KIF23 was associated TNF-α signaling pathway and mitotic cell circle checkpoint, which probably caused by subsequent upregulated expression of KIF23. Moreover, pan-cancer analysis showed that gaining of copy number was significantly associated with higher expression of KIF23, consolidating our findings in glioma. Thus, it was deduced that elevated KIF23 expression in glioma tended to be caused by DNA copy number amplification, instead of mutation.
The Effects of Tacrolimus on Tissue-Specific, Protein-Level Inflammatory Networks in Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation
Authors: Aral Ali Mubin , Zamora Ruben , Barclay Derek , Yin Jinling , El-Dehaibi Fayten , Erbas Vasil E. , Dong Liwei , Zhang Zhaoxiang , Sahin Huseyin , Gorantla Vijay S. , Vodovotz Yoram
Published: May 2021

Systems-level insights into inflammatory events after vascularized composite allotransplantation (VCA) are critical to the success of immunomodulatory strategies of these complex procedures. To date, the effects of tacrolimus (TAC) immunosuppression on inflammatory networks in VCA, such as in acute rejection (AR), have not been investigated. We used a systems biology approach to elucidate the effects of tacrolimus on dynamic networks and principal drivers of systemic inflammation in the context of dynamic tissue-specific immune responses following VCA. Lewis (LEW) rat recipients received orthotopic hind limb VCA from fully major histocompatibility complex-mismatched Brown Norway (BN) donors or matched LEW donors. Group 1 (syngeneic controls) received LEW limbs without TAC, and Group 2 (treatment group) received BN limbs with TAC. Time-dependent changes in 27 inflammatory mediators were analyzed in skin, muscle, and peripheral blood using Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Dynamic Bayesian Network (DyBN) inference, and Dynamic Network Analysis (DyNA) to define principal characteristics, central nodes, and putative feedback structures of systemic inflammation. Analyses were repeated on skin + muscle data to construct a “Virtual VCA”, and in skin + muscle + peripheral blood data to construct a “Virtual Animal.” PCA, DyBN, and DyNA results from individual tissues suggested important roles for leptin, VEGF, various chemokines, the NLRP3 inflammasome (IL-1β, IL-18), and IL-6 after TAC treatment. The chemokines MCP-1, MIP-1α; and IP-10 were associated with AR in controls. Statistical analysis suggested that 24/27 inflammatory mediators were altered significantly between control and TAC-treated rats in peripheral blood, skin, and/or muscle over time. “Virtual VCA” and “Virtual Animal” analyses implicated the skin as a key control point of dynamic inflammatory networks, whose connectivity/complexity over time exhibited a U-shaped trajectory and was mirrored in the systemic circulation. Our study defines the effects of TAC on complex spatiotemporal evolution of dynamic inflammation networks in VCA. We also demonstrate the potential utility of computational analyses to elucidate nonlinear, cross-tissue interactions. These approaches may help define precision medicine approaches to better personalize TAC immunosuppression in VCA recipients.
Natural Killer Cells Generated From Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Mature to CD56brightCD16+NKp80+/-In-Vitro and Express KIR2DL2/DL3 and KIR3DL1
Authors: Euchner Johanna , Sprissler Jasmin , Cathomen Toni , Fürst Daniel , Schrezenmeier Hubert , Debatin Klaus-Michael , Schwarz Klaus , Felgentreff Kerstin
Published: May 2021

The differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) into T and natural killer (NK) lymphocytes opens novel possibilities for developmental studies of immune cells and in-vitro generation of cell therapy products. In particular, iPSC-derived NK cells gained interest in adoptive anti-cancer immunotherapies, since they enable generation of homogenous populations of NK cells with and without genetic engineering that can be grown at clinical scale. However, the phenotype of in-vitro generated NK cells is not well characterized. NK cells derive in the bone marrow and mature in secondary lymphoid tissues through distinct stages from CD56brightCD16- to CD56dimCD16+ NK cells that represents the most abandoned population in peripheral blood. In this study, we efficiently generated CD56+CD16+CD3- NK lymphocytes from hiPSC and characterized NK-cell development by surface expression of NK-lineage markers. Hematopoietic priming of hiPSC resulted in 31.9% to 57.4% CD34+CD45+ hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPC) that did not require enrichment for NK lymphocyte propagation. HPC were further differentiated into NK cells on OP9-DL1 feeder cells resulting in high purity of CD56brightCD16- and CD56brightCD16+ NK cells. The output of generated NK cells increased up to 40% when OP9-DL1 feeder cells were inactivated with mitomycine C. CD7 expression could be detected from the first week of differentiation indicating priming towards the lymphoid lineage. CD56brightCD16-/+ NK cells expressed high levels of DNAM-1, CD69, natural killer cell receptors NKG2A and NKG2D, and natural cytotoxicity receptors NKp46, NKp44, NKp30. Expression of NKp80 on 40% of NK cells, and a perforin+ and granzyme B+ phenotype confirmed differentiation up to stage 4b. Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor KIR2DL2/DL3 and KIR3DL1 were found on up to 3 and 10% of mature NK cells, respectively. NK cells were functional in terms of cytotoxicity, degranulation and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity.
The Effects of LIT and MLR-Bf on Immune Biomarkers and Pregnancy Outcomes in Women With Previous Early Recurrent Miscarriage: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Meng Lili , Tan Jianping , Du Tao , Lin Xianghua , Zhang Shuning , Nie Xiaolu , Xie Haitian , Lin Jizong , Zhang Jianping , Hui Chen
Published: May 2021

Background: Immunological failure during pregnancy is considered one of the etiologies of recurrent miscarriage (RM). The decreased production of mixed lymphocyte reaction-blocking factors (MLR-Bf) may play a major role in this condition. Lymphocyte immunotherapy (LIT), which induces the production of MLR-Bf, has been used in treating RM patients since 1984. However, the effectiveness of LIT is currently being heatedly debated. In addition to that, possible changes to the maternal immune system upon induced MLR-Bf production by LIT remains unclear.

Objectives: To explore the possible impacts that MLR-Bf may have on the expression of immune biomarkers and pregnancy outcomes, and deduce whether the prevention of miscarriages is possible with LIT or MLR-Bf in RM patients.

Materials and Methods: Women with previous early RM (eRM) were enrolled in this retrospective study after they got pregnant again. LIT was implemented before pregnancy and during the first trimester. MLR-Bf and immune biomarkers were checked as the clinical routine. Patients were followed up until 12 gestational weeks. Levels of immune biomarkers and successful pregnancy rates were compared between MLR-Bf− group and MLR-Bf+ group stratified by LIT. Independent associations between LIT, or MLR-Bf, and miscarriage were estimated. All data management and analysis were conducted using SPSS 20.0.

Results: A total of 1,038 patients, 497 MLR-Bf− (49 cases accepted LIT), and 541 MLR-Bf+(463 cases induced by LIT) were included in the study. Percentage of lymphocytes, the ratio of CD4+ T cells/lymphocytes, and levels of some rheumatoid biomarkers (anti-U1-nRNP, anti-SAA-52kd, and anti-CENOP B) were statistically higher in MLR-Bf+ group than in MLR-Bf− group among women without LIT. With LIT treatment the successful pregnancy rate was statistically higher in MLR-Bf+ group than in MLR-Bf− group (66.7% vs. 51.0%, P = 0.028) among women with LIT. Meanwhile, LIT was estimated to have an independent negative association with miscarriage.

Conclusion: Upon LIT treament levels of immune biomarkers were different in women with and without MLR-Bf when stratified by whether they received LIT. Not MLR-Bf, but LIT, has an independent protective effect on miscarriage.