bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Paperboard as a substrate for biocompatible slippery liquid-infused porous surfaces
Authors: Mikriukova Mariia , Lahti Johanna , Haapanen Janne , Mäkelä Jyrki M. , Kuusipalo Jurkka
Published: August 2020

Slippery liquid-infused porous surfaces or SLIPS were first introduced in 2011 by Wong et al. who reported a bioinspired self-repairing surface with remarkable slippery properties. Generally, production of these surfaces includes fossil-based or expensive materials and processes that are available mainly in laboratory scale. In this study, slippery surfaces with sliding angles of less than 10° are obtained using fibre-based material – paperboard – that is commercially available in large-scale and also cheap compared to substrates generally used in this field. The hierarchical nanostructure that is a necessary condition for appropriate droplet mobility was obtained by the liquid flame spray method. This method is fast, scalable, has a variety of optimization parameters and can be utilized in roll-to-roll technology that is traditional in paper industry. In this work, paperboard serves not only as a substrate, but also as a reservoir for the lubricant, thus it is important to evaluate the affinity of the material for the oils and estimate the capillary movement. Therefore, Cobb and Klemm methods were used when choosing a paperboard material. In addition to synthetic oils, rapeseed oil was also utilized as a lubricant, which potentially leads to eco-friendly and recyclable slippery liquid-infused porous surfaces.
Structure, processing and performance of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (IUPAC Technical Report). Part 3: deformation, wear and fracture
Authors: Bucknall Clive , Altstädt Volker , Auhl Dietmar , Buckley Paul , Dijkstra Dirk , Galeski Andrzej , Gögelein Christoph , Handge Ulrich A. , He Jiasong , Liu Chen-Yang , Michler Goerg , Piorkowska Ewa , Slouf Miroslav , Vittorias Iakovos , Wu Jun Jie
Published: August 2020

Three grades of polyethylene, with weight-average relative molar masses,

M
‾

W

${\bar{M}}_{\text{W}}$

, of approximately 0.6 × 106, 5 × 106, and 9 × 106, were supplied as compression mouldings by a leading manufacturer of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE). They were code-named PE06, PE5, and PE9, respectively. Specimens cut from these mouldings were subjected to a wide range of mechanical tests at 23 °C. In tensile tests, deformation was initially elastic and dominated by crystallinity, which was highest in PE06. Beyond the yield point, entanglement density became the dominant factor, and at 40 % strain, the rising stress–strain curves for PE5 and PE9 crossed the falling PE06 curve. Fracture occurred at strains above 150 %. Differences in stress–strain behaviour between PE5 and PE9 were relatively small. A similar pattern of behaviour was observed in wear tests; wear resistance showed a marked increase when

M
‾

W

${\bar{M}}_{\text{W}}$

was raised from 0.6 × 106 to 5 × 106, but there was no further increase when it was raised to 9 × 106. It is concluded that the unexpected similarity in behaviour between PE5 and PE9 was due to incomplete consolidation during moulding, which led to deficiencies in entanglement at grain boundaries; they were clearly visible on the surfaces of both tensile and wear specimens. Fatigue crack growth in 10 mm thick specimens was so severely affected by inadequate consolidation that it forms the basis for a separate report – Part 4 in this series.
COVID-19 and the Potential Consequences for Social Stability
Authors: Censolo Roberto , Morelli Massimo
Published: August 2020

Epidemics create risks of social unrest. The great plagues of the past show that social tensions, accumulated over the epidemic and before, often erupted in serious uprisings in the years after the epidemic. Based on historical evidence, we predict that the protests inherited from the pre-COVID-19 period should be crowded out by epidemic-related unrest as long as the epidemic lasts, whereas in the aftermath of the epidemic we should expect the unresolved pre-epidemic grievances to resume even stronger, boosted also by the incremental social grievances related to the epidemic period. While the epidemic lasts, the status quo and incumbent governments tend to consolidate, but a sharp increase in social instability in the aftermath of the epidemic should be expected.
A quantitative study on using digital photoelasticity for characterising the effect of the stretching speed on the necking phenomenon
Authors: Hamza Ahmed A. , Sokkar Taha Z. N. , El-Bakary Mohammed A. , Azzam Amira A. S.
Published: August 2020

The digital photoelastic technique is used to characterise the necking behaviour of isotactic polypropylene (iPP) fibres. The effect of stretching rate on necking initiation is studied. The birth of necking is observed using photoelastic patterns of the stretched fibres to understand how the localised difference between the principle stresses grows to form a necking region. Finally, the formation of multiple necking regions is characterised photoelastically. These multiple necks are initiated using the same formation mechanism and conditions as if there is only a single necking region. It was evident that, fast stretching causes faster arrangement of molecular chains and hence decreases the time required for necking initiation. Recommendations are suggested for optimum mechanical processing conditions of iPP fibres to avoid failure by necking. Photoelastic patterns are given for illustration.
Radiolytic stability of pillar[5]arene-based diglycolamides
Authors: Wang Ying , Wu Geyang , Xu Hongjun , Ma Haoyang , Yuan Lihua , Feng Wen
Published: August 2020

Radiolytic stability of pillar[5]arene-based diglycolamides (P5DGAs) against gamma irradiation up to 1000 kGy adsorbed dose was studied. The results reveal the increase of radiation damage degree on P5DGAs with dose. The radiolysis products of P5DGAs including the gaseous and solid products were fully characterized by 1H NMR, HR-ESI-MS, GC, and HPLC techniques. It was found that the main radiolytic gas products of P5DGAs under argon are H2, N2, CO and gaseous hydrocarbons. The solid degradation products contain phenolic hydroxyl groups and secondary amine groups. In addition, solvent extraction toward Eu(III) was performed with P5DGAs, in which about 50% decrease on extraction efficiency was observed for irradiated P5DGAs with dose of 1000 kGy in comparison with the non-irradiated one. A radiolytic degradation pathway was also proposed based on the above results. This is the first time to investigate the radiolytic stability of neat P5DGAs and P5DGAs in molecular diluent in detail and provides useful information for further application of P5DGAs in practical applications for spent fuel reprocessing.
Noninvasive brain stimulation for patients with a disorder of consciousness: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Feng Yali , Zhang Jiaqi , Zhou Yi , Bai Zhongfei , Yin Ying
Published: August 2020

Noninvasive brain stimulation (NIBS) techniques have been used to facilitate the recovery from prolonged unconsciousness as a result of brain injury. The aim of this study is to systematically assess the effects of NIBS in patients with a disorder of consciousness (DOC). We searched four databases for any randomized controlled trials on the effect of NIBS in patients with a DOC, which used the JFK Coma Recovery Scale-Revised (CRS-R) as the primary outcome measure. A random-effects meta-analysis was conducted to pool effect sizes. Fourteen studies with 273 participants were included in this review, of which 12 studies with sufficient data were included in the meta-analysis. Our meta-analysis showed a significant effect on increasing CRS-R scores in favor of real stimulation as compared to sham (Hedges’ g = 0.522; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.318–0.726; P < 0.0001, I
2 = 0.00%). Subgroup analysis demonstrated that only anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) of the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) significantly enhances the CRS-R scores in patients with a DOC, as compared to sham (Hedges’ g = 0.703; 95% CI, 0.419–0.986; P < 0.001), and this effect was predominant in patients in a minimally conscious state (MCS) (Hedges’ g = 0.815; 95% CI, 0.429–1.200; P < 0.001). Anodal tDCS of the left DLPFC appears to be an effective approach for patients with MCS.
The association between initial opioid type and long-term opioid use after hip fracture surgery in elderly opioid-naïve patients
Authors: Simoni Amalie H. , Nikolajsen Lone , Olesen Anne E. , Christiansen Christian F. , Johnsen Søren P. , Pedersen Alma B.
Published: August 2020

Objectives

Long-term opioid use after hip fracture surgery has been demonstrated in previously opioid-naïve elderly patients. It is unknown if the opioid type redeemed after hip surgery is associated with long-term opioid use. The aim of this study was to examine the association between the opioid type redeemed within the first three months after hip fracture surgery and opioid use 3–12 months after the surgery.

Methods

A nationwide population-based cohort study was conducted using data from Danish health registries (2005–2015). Previously opioid-naïve patients registered in the Danish Multidisciplinary Hip Fracture Registry, aged ≥65 years, who redeemed ≥1 opioid prescription within three months after the surgery, were included. Long-term opioid use was defined as ≥1 redeemed prescription within each of three three-month periods within the year after hip fracture surgery. The proportion with long-term opioid use after surgery, conditioned on nine-month survival, was calculated according to opioid types within three months after surgery. Adjusted odds ratios (aOR) for different opioid types were computed by logistic regression analyses with 95% confidence intervals (CI) using morphine as reference. Subgroup analyses were performed according to age, comorbidity and calendar time before and after 2010.

Results

The study included 26,790 elderly, opioid-naïve patients with opioid use within three months after hip fracture surgery. Of these patients, 21% died within nine months after the surgery. Among the 21,255 patients alive nine months after surgery, 15% became long-term opioid users. Certain opioid types used within the first three months after surgery were associated with long-term opioid use compared to morphine (9%), including oxycodone (14%, aOR; 1.76, 95% CI 1.52–2.03), fentanyl (29%, aOR; 4.37, 95% CI 3.12–6.12), codeine (13%, aOR; 1.55, 95% CI 1.14–2.09), tramadol (13%, aOR; 1.56, 95% CI 1.35–1.80), buprenorphine (33%, aOR; 5.37, 95% CI 4.14–6.94), and >1 opioid type (27%, aOR; 3.83, 95% CI 3.31–4.44). The proportion of long-term opioid users decreased from 18% before 2010 to 13% after 2010.

Conclusions

The findings suggest that use of certain opioid types after hip fracture surgery is more associated with long-term opioid use than morphine and the proportion initiating long-term opioid use decreased after 2010. The findings suggest that some elderly, opioid-naïve patients appear to be presented with untreated pain conditions when seen in the hospital for a hip fracture surgery. Decisions regarding the opioid type prescribed after hospitalization for hip fracture surgery may be linked to different indication for pain treatment, emphasizing the likelihood of careful and conscientious opioid prescribing behavior.
Partial enzyme digestion facilitates regeneration of crushed nerve in rat
Authors: Tsuang Fon-Yih , Chen Ming-Hong , Lin Feng-Huei , Yang Ming-Chia , Liao Chun-Jen , Chang Wen-Hsiang , Sun Jui-Sheng
Published: August 2020

Peripheral nerve injury is a life-changing disability with significant socioeconomic consequences. In this rat model, we propose that partial enzyme digestion can facilitate the functional recovery of a crushed nerve. The sciatic nerves were harvested and in vitro cultured with the addition of Liberase to determine the appropriate enzyme amount in the hyaluronic acid (HA) membrane. Then, the sciatic nerve of adult male Sprague-Dawley rats was exposed, crushed, and then treated with partial enzyme digestion (either 0.001 or 0.002 unit/mm2 Liberase-HA membrane). The sciatic function index (SFI) for functional recovery of the sciatic nerve was evaluated. After 2 h of in vitro digestion, fascicles and axons were separated from each other, with the cells mobilized. Greater destruction of histology structures occurred in the high enzyme (Liberase-HA membrane at 0.002 unit/mm2) group at 24 h than in the low enzyme (0.001 unit/mm2) group at 48 h. In the SFI evaluation, the improvement in 0.001 unit/mm2 Liberase group was significantly better than control and 0.002 unit/mm2 Liberase group. Our study demonstrated that appropriate enzyme digestion had a significantly faster and earlier recovery.
Das versale Eszett
Authors: Walder Adrienne
Published: August 2020

In June 2017, a new letter was officially introduced into the German language: the capital eszett <ẞ>. Following a suggestion of the Rat für deutsche Rechtschreibung (Council for German Orthography), the letter was included in the revised version of the official spelling rules, and also the new 2017 edition of the Duden mentions the capital eszett. The present article investigates the reasons underlying this orthographic change.
VonDonaustromzuDonauwelle. Die Entwicklung der Eigennamenkomposition von 1600–1900
Authors: Schlücker Barbara
Published: August 2020

Despite their high frequency in present-day language, German proper name compounds have received little attention in the linguistic literature. It has been assumed that this pattern is rather recent, and possibly a loan from English. Focusing on the period between 1600 and 1900, the paper provides evidence against this claim. More specifically, I argue that the development of proper name compounds can only be properly described if proper name compounds that are names themselves (e. g.,Martin-Luther-Universität‘Martin Luther University’) are strictly distinguished from those that are common nouns (e. g.,Nilfahrt‘Nile ride’). It is shown that both types develop differently, and in particular that common noun compounds undergo a functional extension in this period. In this connection the paper also discusses the idea of proper name compounds as competitors of the genitive and it compares proper name compounds and alternative constructions with respect to the concept of the “Nominalklammer” (nominal frame).
Das sächsisch-magdeburgische Recht in den Manuskripten der Bibliothek des Priesterseminars in Kielce, Signatur RK 45/28 – Ergänzung zu Deutsche Rechtsbücher des Mittelalters
Authors: Mikuła Maciej
Published: August 2020

Saxon-Magdeburg Law in the manuscripts from the Seminar Library in Kielce, Shelfmark RK 35/28. In medieval cities and towns which had been founded on Magdeburg law in the Kingdom of Poland, Magdeburg Weichbild and the Speculum Saxonum belonged to the most important sources of law. One of their manuscripts from the Seminar Library of Kielce (shelfmark RK 45/28) was until now not well known. This manuscript consists of several theological and legal texts and was written in 1429 by rector Paulus de Potok. A comparison with 19 other texts of Magdeburg Weichbild of the so called ‘Silesian-Lesser Poland version’ (which prevails in the Kingdom of Poland) makes obvious that a text from Częstochowa (of 1423) was a base, direct or indirect, for the Kielce manuscript, compiling the Sandomiriensis and Cracoviensis versions. The Speculum Saxonum in the Kielce ms. is related to the so called versio Sandomiriensis.
MOTION GRAPHIC ADVERTISING FOR LIL HAJJ WAL UMROH PROMOTION
Authors: Regar Ahmad Rokhi
Published: August 2020

Dewangga Lil Hajj Wal Umroh in the face of market competition, requires a promotional media with a high level of appeal for its target segmentation, and is able to represent the theme of the pilgrimage properly. Therefore we need a promotional media in the form of Motion Graphic ads. The design of this promotional media advertisement aims to create a promotional media in the form of Motion Graphic advertisement for Dewangga Lil Hajj Wal Umroh, with a persuasive message to increase Dewangga Lil Hajj Wal Umro's customers. The method of making the work of this study project includes five stages: (1) Preparatory / Prelimenary (Research of the Client, Determination of the target audience, and placement of the media); (2) Funding (Material, production, display); (3) Pre Production (Selection of production equipment, making concep art, making storyboards); (4) Production (Creating character assets and environments, moving objects / animatting, dubbing and sound effects, audio and video editing); (5) Post-production (DVD burning, exhibition). The results of this study project were two Dewangga Lil Hajj Wal Umroh Motion Graphic Ads. Work I has a duration of 1 minute 10 seconds with 9 scenes. Work II is 43 seconds long and has 10 scenes. Both of these advertisements have 1280 x 720 px video format.
APPLIED PHOTOGRAPHY FOR TKP COFEE HOUSE’S COMPANY PROFILE
Authors: Asyfahani Cahya Naufal
Published: August 2020

The purpose of this study project is to produce a company profile design that will be combined with product photography according to company needs, so as to convince potential franchisees to use the TKP Coffee House services and can confirm the positioning of the TKP Coffee House as a cafe that has superior product quality. The design of the company profile combined with this photography will be published in printed form, namely booklets, and in the online form, namely social media, and websites. The process of designing a company profile with a combination of photography through several stages of the process of creating a sequence of pre-production processes, production processes, and post-production processes. The design of a company profile with a combination of photography is expected to help the TKP Coffee House build its image in the audience and potential franchisees, provide added value, and making the TKP Coffee House cafe able to compete with its competitors.
El desafío del financiamiento de los medios estatales en América Latina. Un debate pendiente y urgente
Authors: Linares Alejandro Felix
Published: August 2020

El artículo reconstruye los mecanismos de financiamiento, la regulación vinculada y las tendencias en los presupuestos manejados por los medios estatales de Argentina, Colombia, Chile y Brasil. A partir de allí se trazan tendencias y comparaciones que se contraponen con las experiencias de Canadá y Reino Unido

El periodo central seleccionado va de 2014 a 2017, pero se busca reconocer regularidades o rupturas en el tiempo con la recuperación de cifras de 2004 y 2009. La metodología incluye la realización de entrevistas, la evaluación de documentación contable, la revisión de documentos públicos y el análisis de bibliografía específica.

Se concluye que limitar las fuentes de financiamiento al presupuesto nacional o la publicidad comercial conspira contra la previsiblidad de estos proyectos. Por tanto, se plantean las ventajes de incorporar una variedad de mecanismos de abastecimiento económico.
Cambios en la Televisión Pública argentina
Authors: Heram Yamila
Published: August 2020

Este trabajo parte del interés por reflexionar en torno a la Televisión Pública argentina. Se realiza un análisis comparativo de la grilla de programación durante la gestión actual para observar tendencias, cambios y continuidades en la propuesta de la emisora en dos períodos: el primero durante marzo y abril de 2016 momento de lanzamiento de la programación en los inicios de la gestión y un segundo período que es marzo y abril de 2019. Se toma una muestra acotada que funciona como “caso testigo” y permite comparar y analizar el estado actual de la programación. Se establecen diversos ejes de análisis: promedio semanal de tiempo de emisión por contenidos referenciales, ?ccionales e híbridos; géneros que predominan en cada uno de ellos; programación del prime time, y país de origen del producto transmitido. La información obtenida es abordada desde un análisis cualitativo para identi?car invariantes, constantes que sólo son posibles en un análisis cultural de la oferta televisiva.
A Vision of the European Union: A Study of Media Coverage of Polish Election Campaigns for the 2019 European Parliament Elections
Authors: Stasiak-Jazukiewicz Ewa , Jas-Koziarkiewicz Marta , Mienkowska - Norkiene Renata
Published: August 2020

The 2019 European Parliament (EP) elections coincided with the discussions about the need to change the European integration model. These discussions were forced by the refugee crisis and Brexit. In this article, the authors investigate the media representation of programs proposed by Polish political parties in the campaign for EP 2019 elections. The purpose is to determine how the media reported on these programs (media agenda). The research question required the supplementation of the study with an analysis of the political parties’ programs. The research model is based on an agenda-setting theory. The empirical section presents the results of the quantitative and qualitative analysis of both media and political agendas, confirming the discrepancy between them.
Penyusunan Model Pengamanan Aset Tidak Bergerak di Kabupaten Sumenep
Authors: Merianto Toton , Musyarofah Siti , Haryadi Bambang
Published: August 2020

The problem of management asset is one of many problems faced by local government whose material asset. The research purpose is to create security model on immovable assets in Sumenep. This research uses qualitative method with soft system methodology approach. The results showed that Sumenep district government in implementing the immovable asset security is not optimal because there is no standard reference, so immovable assets security model is needed. Administrative security model starting from demand the land assets report from the entire agencies accompanied by supporting documents. Furthermore, the report synchronized and verified directly to the assets location. If there are assets that administratively incomplete, than it must performed by legal security that starts from tracking the land assets status, if uncertified assets are found than certification is needed. Certified land assets then followed up through the physical security of land assets that used by the other party or misused by parties who violate the provisions of the land use agreement by fencing/installing a sign of ownership
Pengaruh Komitmen Organisasi Terhadap Sistem Informasi Keuangan
Authors: Hertati Lesi , Safkaur Otniel
Published: August 2020

The complexity of the financial information system process requires obeying the Indonesian financial accounting standard regulatory procedures in carrying out financial information, as well as demanding that individuals implementing financial information systems have strong working power that is safe and sustainable in order to run a good financial information system process. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of organizational commitment to financial information systems, on state-owned enterprises in South Sumatra. This research is a quantitative method research with a total sample of 48 BUMN spread across South Sumatra. The analytical tool used is multiple regression with SPSS version 24. The results show that organizational commitment influences financial information systems.
Government of Indonesia’s Battling Strategy to Cope With Pseudo-Cooperatives
Authors: Soesilo Nining I
Published: August 2020

By contesting the political spectrum versus the economic side of regulation, it is found that the Indonesian cooperative's performance is influenced more by the first approach. As Golkar's electoral vehicle to protect its ruling party's majority vote, the cooperative apex organization (Dekopin) became a parastatal. As a 'bureaucratic capitalist' with state budget support, Dekopin's 'holdup problem' creates the 'subsidy mentality' and increasing corruption perception that stimulated the formation of pseudo-cooperatives. A bottom-up petition to remove Dekopin's parastatal status failed. By calibrating the 2012-2014 panel data, the pseudo-cooperatives decrease when active cooperatives increase. From the 2015 cross-section exercise, pseudo-cooperatives' number rises along with the growing population. External funding to cooperatives is used as a means to spend it on leisure. Many islands show different tendencies of pseudo-cooperatives' creation. In 2016, a government's economic strategy to create healthy cooperatives was started by closing down 32,778 pseudo-cooperatives. This process continued until 2019.JEL Classification: P13, C21, R51, A13How to Cite:Soesilo, N. I. (2020). Government of Indonesia’s Battling Strategy to Cope with Pseudo-Cooperatives. Signifikan: Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi, 9(2), 219-240. https://doi.org/10.15408/sjie.v9i2.15547.
Preventing the spread of Coronavirus in ENT unit, our experience
Authors: Cariti Francesco , Del Giudice Alessandro Maselli , Barbara Francesco , Dadduzio Salvatore , Ciccarone Silvana , Robertis* Valentina de , Cialdella Francesca , Barbara Michele
Published: August 2020

SARS-CoV19 is spreading all over the world starting from China in the end of 2019. This important emergency involved every single aspect of ordinary life. Even hospitals have undergone changes with the aim of ensuring the best care and preventing the spread of the virus. This is a personal contribution to illustrate all the measures put in place to avoid contagion. Although in an ENT unit you have strictly to do with the airway, none of the staff so far has been positive.

 Keyword: SARS-CoV19, safety, prevention, ENT, contagion.
Working together in clinical pathology: An interprofessional education initiative for dentistry, oral health, and medical laboratory science teachers and students
Authors: Olson Hanna , Ronayne Catherine , Anakin Megan , Meldrum Alison , Rich Alison
Published: August 2020

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. Introduction. In the health professional education literature, there is a need for information about the teaching and learning of medical laboratory sciences for clinical practice. The goal of this reflection-on-practice is to describe how an orofacial pathology interprofessional education (IPE) initiative was designed and implemented. Innovation. The designers of this initiative were teachers from dentistry, oral health, and medical laboratory science. The designers used six interprofessional competencies (patient-centred care, role clarification, team functioning, collaborative leadership, communication, and cultural practice) to guide their construction of teaching and learning resources. The initiative required students to work collaboratively with a given patient case to develop a differential diagnosis, prepare a treatment plan, present their case to classmates and staff members, and describe how they worked together to address the orofacial pathology in their case. Evaluation. The designers collected and considered evaluation information including the learning resources used, logistical arrangements for the initiative, and evaluation data from students via an anonymous 10-item questionnaire. Students rated statements that addressed the six interprofessional competencies and provided written comments about the initiative. Outcomes. In general, the 18 students agreed strongly with all statements except for cultural practice. Written comments about the initiative were positive and indicated that students appreciated learning about their own discipline and that of other professionals in the context of providing oral healthcare involving orofacial pathology. What next? Given the acceptability of this initiative to the designers, facilitators, and students, the next step is to consider the feasibility of scaling-up this small voluntary IPE initiative into a permanent component of the dentistry, oral health, and medical laboratory science programmes. Aspects to consider include staffing, scheduling, assessment, and cultural perspectives.
Pandemias e comunicação: uma avaliação experimental
Authors: Melo Carolina , Cabral Sandro
Published: August 2020

Abstract Communication is a key factor in containing a pandemic. Fragmented information may affect people’s perceptions and behaviors, especially in times of governmental miscommunication, potentially jeopardizing efforts aimed at containing the spread of the disease. To test whether and how people have been sensitive to broken information during the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil, we performed a randomized survey experiment on a sample of 571 respondents. We found that more pessimistic or more optimistic fragmented messages about the pandemic have no overall significant average effect on perceptions and planned behavior of the respondents. The exploratory analyses showed that particular sociodemographic groups are more sensitive to these fragmented messages. While less educated people react to more pessimistic messages with an increased likelihood to intensify prevention measures, people aged 60 or older - the high-risk group for COVID-19 complications - react to more optimistic messages with a reduced probability to intensify prevention measures. Besides providing insights to the public administration literature on disaster management, the results reinforce the need for governments to consistently centralize communication efforts to guarantee that people are equipped with complete and accurate information to form their perceptions and adequate their behaviors towards a health crisis.
The pandemic and the labor market in Brazil
Authors: Costa Simone da Silva
Published: August 2020

Resumo A pandemia da COVID-19 é um problema de saúde pública global que imprimiu uma nova dinâmica à economia mundial. A rápida propagação da doença e o uso do distanciamento como forma de prevenção expuseram as desigualdades sociais e urbanas das cidades capitalistas. No Brasil, como em outros países, o isolamento social promoveu rápidas mudanças no mercado de trabalho, com impactos mais severos para 37,3 milhões de pessoas que vivem na informalidade, já que elas não têm direitos como Fundo de Garantia por Tempo de Serviço (FGTS) e seguro-desemprego. Para a Organização Internacional do Trabalho (OIT), as primeiras demissões estão ocorrendo entre aqueles que vivem do trabalho precário, como terceirizados, balconistas, garçons, funcionários de cozinha, diaristas, manipuladores de bagagem e produtos de limpeza. Assim, faremos uma breve síntese das consequências que a crise sanitária vem promovendo para os trabalhadores brasileiros, bem como proporemos medidas de enfrentamento que não se limitem aos auxílios emergenciais. A recuperação e a criação de ocupações dependerão, entre outros fatores, da retomada dos gastos com programas sociais e econômicos que reduziram as desigualdades sociais no início deste século, como o Programa de Aceleração do Crescimento em Favelas (PAC-Favelas); o Programa Minha Casa, Minha Vida; o Programa Bolsa Família (PBF); e o Programa de Geração de Emprego e Renda (Proger) com recursos do Fundo de Amparo ao Trabalhador (FAT). Esses programas podem e devem ser ampliados a fim de fazer com a que a economia retome o crescimento em longo prazo.
Dilemas morais da gestão pública brasileira no enfrentamento da pandemia do novo coronavírus
Authors: Santos Laís Silveira
Published: August 2020

Resumo Devido à pandemia do novo coronavírus, a gestão pública brasileira tem tomado decisões de interesse público que impactam diretamente a vida de praticamente todos os brasileiros e apresentam diversas questões éticas intrínsecas. Diante deste contexto, este short paper tem como objetivo identificar e debater alguns dos principais dilemas morais que desafiam a gestão pública brasileira no enfrentamento da pandemia. Para tanto, foram selecionadas notícias de websites jornalísticos que apresentassem situações éticas que ocorreram ou ainda estão ocorrendo no Brasil. Seis áreas temáticas com dilemas foram identificadas: distanciamento social; uso de big data no gerenciamento da pandemia; atuação dos profissionais de saúde; auxílio emergencial federal e burocracia; suspensão de aulas e atividades educacionais presenciais; e liberação de presidiários como medida de prevenção. Percebeu-se que, em contextos de crise, cidadãos e gestores públicos são afastados de seu status quo, o que leva a que novas formas de raciocínio moral sejam desenvolvidas. Essas questões demandam uma contínua reflexão e debate sobre os aspectos éticos da pandemia, principalmente em relação às obrigações sociais e morais dos governos e aos limites dessa interferência no direito individual dos cidadãos em um período de crise.
Evitando a pandemia da pobreza: possibilidades para o programa Bolsa Família e para o Cadastro Único em resposta à COVID-19
Authors: Paiva Luis Henrique , Souza Pedro H. G. Ferreira de , Bartholo Letícia , Soares Sergei
Published: August 2020

Resumo Neste estudo propomos três medidas para potencializar o uso do Programa Bolsa Família e do Cadastro Único para Programas Sociais (Cadastro Único) como resposta às consequências econômicas da pandemia da COVID-19. As medidas propostas são as seguintes: (i) zerar a fila de espera do Programa e suspender procedimentos que possam levar à cessação de benefícios; (ii) reajustar benefícios e linha de elegibilidade do Programa; e (iii) conceder um benefício extraordinário para todas as famílias do Cadastro Único, beneficiárias ou não do Bolsa Família. As combinações para as alternativas destas medidas resultam em 56 cenários com parâmetros únicos, para os quais, com base nos dados do Cadastro Único e na folha de pagamentos do Bolsa Família, estimam-se o público alvo e os custos. Também avaliamos as eventuais dificuldades institucionais e operacionais para a implementação destas medidas, já que as iniciativas podem ter uma magnitude inédita na política social brasileira. Recomendamos uma combinação relativamente generosa destas medidas, por um período de pelo menos seis meses.
O surto da COVID-19 e as respostas da administração municipal: munificência de recursos, vulnerabilidade social e eficácia de ações públicas
Authors: Ito Nobuiuki Costa , Pongeluppe Leandro Simões
Published: August 2020

Abstract Facing the unprecedented situation of the COVID-19 pandemic, public officials at the municipality-level have no clear benchmarks or tested policies. In this situation, decision-making becomes a controversial process. This article provides insights for public agents in the Brazilian municipalities to deal with the initial stages of the COVID-19 pandemic. We analyzed the actions taken by city halls of the 52 Brazilian municipalities at least thirty days since the first confirmed case of COVID-19. We used a fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA) to identify the combinations of contextual factors and public actions that reduced COVID-19 transmission during the critical initial stage. The empirical results show three main paths to guide policy-making: (1) a plural collaboration path involving public and private sectors, operating in a fragile health system; (2) a public action path providing aid programs through intense collaboration inside public bureaucracy; and (3) a resource-based path relying on a well-structured health system.
Better safe than sorry: leadership sensemaking in the time of COVID-19
Authors: Sobral Filipe , Carvalho Juliana , Łagowska Urszula , Furtado Liliane Magalhães Girardin Pimentel , Grobman Miriam
Published: August 2020

Abstract Government leaders who want to promote a collective response to disrupting events, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, need to foster a shared understanding of the crisis through effective communication. However, the tone and content of communication varies across and within countries and led to conflicting results in terms of collective sensemaking. To understand how government leaders’ messages shape emotional and cognitive responses of citizens, we designed a 2x2 vignette experiment in which we manipulate the framing (pessimistic vs. optimistic) and content of the message (specific vs. general) delivered by a political leader. Results from 436 participants showed that while the tone of leader’s messages has significant implications for the levels of anxiety and evaluation of the government’s truthfulness and its overall response to the crisis, the content of the leader’s message matters less. Furthermore, these effects were particularly experienced by women and left-leaning participants. Overall, our results highlight the importance of the leader’s communication strategies on influencing the public’s emotional reactions, as well as the perceptions of government effectiveness in dealing with the crisis.
Incomplete contracts for bus service during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Lima Gregório Costa Luz de Souza , Carvalho Gabriel Stumpf Duarte de , Figueiredo Miguel Zobaran
Published: August 2020

Resumo A pandemia da COVID-19 impõe sérios desafios ao setor de transporte público por ônibus. A queda da demanda em razão do isolamento social, a intensificação dos procedimentos de higienização, a aquisição de equipamentos de proteção individual e as restrições de lotação dos veículos ameaçam a viabilidade econômico-financeira do transporte coletivo brasileiro. A pandemia da COVID-19 pode ser caracterizada como um evento de força maior, ensejando reequilíbrio econômico-financeiro dos contratos de concessão de transporte público por ônibus. Entretanto, esta solução precisa ser buscada conjuntamente, pelo poder público e pelas empresas de transporte urbano, para garantir os interesses e as necessidades de ambas as partes. Este artigo sugere ações estratégicas para que o transporte coletivo continue operando durante a pandemia e os acordos de reequilíbrio econômico-financeiro estejam alinhados com o interesse público. A superação das incertezas e consequências causadas pela pandemia exige a criação de relações de confiança e apoio mútuo entre inciativa privada (operadores) e governo.
National school feeding program: strategies to overcome food insecurities during and after the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Amorim Ana Laura Benevenuto de , Ribeiro Junior José Raimundo Sousa , Bandoni Daniel Henrique
Published: August 2020

Resumo Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar a contribuição do Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar (PNAE) para o enfrentamento da fome e da insegurança alimentar (IA), ao propor um conjunto de estratégias para que o PNAE possa garantir a alimentação dos escolares neste momento de crise. Realizamos um diagnóstico da IA e da fome no Brasil, analisamos o processo de enfraquecimento das políticas de segurança alimentar e nutricional, consideramos a evolução histórica do PNAE e sua situação atual e, com base nessas reflexões, apresentamos um conjunto de propostas, avaliando seus impactos no orçamento destinado ao PNAE. Apresentamos as seguintes estratégias para o período em que as aulas estiverem suspensas: distribuição de kits ou refeições para escolares, se possível mantendo o caráter universal da política ou beneficiando estudantes das famílias elegíveis para receber o Auxílio Emergencial; ampliar o valor repassado pelo PNAE para os municípios com Índice de Desenvolvimento Humano (IDH) baixo e muito baixo; manter e incentivar a aquisição de alimentos da agricultura familiar. Após o retorno das aulas, sugerimos as seguintes estratégias: levantamento da IA entre os estudantes, manutenção da equidade da política por meio da ampliação do valor do repasse para municípios com IDH baixo e muito baixo, além de atendimento dos escolares de famílias em IA durante as férias e o recesso escolar.
Combating COVID-19 under Bolsonaro’s federalism: a case of intergovernmental incoordination
Authors: Abrucio Fernando Luiz , Grin Eduardo José , Franzese Cibele , Segatto Catarina Ianni , Couto Claúdio Gonçalves
Published: August 2020

Resumo Este artigo analisa como o federalismo brasileiro tem afetado o combate à COVID-19. Tendo por base uma análise histórico-institucional do caso brasileiro, busca-se compreender como o modelo federativo construído pelo governo Bolsonaro influenciou as respostas ao combate da pandemia no país, bem como os resultados do confronto de dois modelos federativos nesse processo. De um lado, o ideário e as estruturas institucionais da Constituição de 1988 com características cooperativas e forte coordenação federal. De outro, o federalismo bolsonarista baseia-se numa visão dualista de relações intergovernamentais, com menor participação da União na redução de desigualdades territoriais e no apoio a governos subnacionais, além da postura centralizadora e hierárquica nas questões de impacto nacional. O estudo mostra que o federalismo bolsonarista aumentou o conflito com governos subnacionais e tem descoordenado políticas públicas de enfrentamento à pandemia. Conclui-se que as crises sanitária e federativa caminham juntas e trazem à tona uma questão chave: a importância da coordenação governamental nas políticas públicas de enfrentamento à pandemia.
Uso de redes neurais artificiais para classificação de municípios quanto à vulnerabilidade social no Estado do Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil
Authors: Wingerter Denise Guerra , Santos Emelynne Gabrielly de Oliveira , Barbosa Isabelle Ribeiro
Published: August 2020

Resumo: O objetivo foi aplicar as redes neurais artificiais para classificar os municípios do Estado do Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil, de acordo com sua vulnerabilidade social. Estudo ecológico que utilizou 17 variáveis que refletissem os indicadores epidemiológicos, demográficos, socioeconômicos e educacionais para o ano de 2010. As fontes pesquisadas foram o Atlas do Desenvolvimento Humano no Brasil e o Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística. Para a classificação dos municípios, foram aplicadas as redes neurais artificiais, dos tipos PNN e Multilayer feedforward, resultando a classificação em cinco categorias de vulnerabilidade: muito alta, alta, média, baixa e muito baixa. A fase de treinamento das redes utilizou os valores de mínimo, máximo, percentis 25 e 75 e mediana das 17 variáveis selecionadas. A rede Multilayer feedforward com seis nós apresentou os melhores resultados. Os municípios da região metropolitana (Natal, Parnamirim), das microrregiões do Seridó oriental e ocidental (Caicó, Currais Novos, São José do Seridó, Jardim do Seridó, Parelhas, Carnaúba dos Dantas) apresentaram níveis mais baixos de vulnerabilidade. Os municípios de alta e muito alta vulnerabilidade encontram-se na mesorregião do Leste potiguar: nas microrregiões do Litoral Nordeste (municípios de João Câmara, Touros, Caiçara do Rio dos Ventos) e do Litoral Sul (Nísia Floresta, São José do Mipibu, Arês, Canguaretama). A rede neural classificou os municípios com elevada precisão, destacando os que possuem extrema vulnerabilidade daqueles que detêm os melhores indicadores sociais.
ALTERNANDO PROFESSORALIDADES NO CAMPO: ENTRE O PASSADO E O PRESENTE, UM ESTAR-SENDO PROFESSOR-MONITOR EM UMA ESCOLA FAMÍLIA AGRÍCOLA
Authors: OLIVEIRA GRASIELA LIMA DE , FREIXO ALESSANDRA ALEXANDRE
Published: August 2020

RESUMO: Este artigo apresenta narrativas (auto)biográficas de cinco monitores da área de ciências naturais de duas Escolas Famílias Agrícolas (EFA) no semiárido baiano. Por meio de suas memórias e histórias de vida, investigamos o seu tornar-se docente em alternância, referindo-nos tanto à proposta pedagógica da escola, quanto às trajetórias destes docentes, que se alternam entre o passado e o presente, e o estar-sendo professor e o estar-sendo monitor numa EFA. Estas categorias - passado, presente, professor e monitor - se alternam no processo de tornar-se docente no/do campo. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, embasada nos referenciaisda memória, (auto)biografia, história de vida e narrativas orais. Para análise das narrativas, nos apropriamos das noções de experiência, de Jorge Larrosa Bondía e de professoralidade, de Marcos Villela Pereira. As narrativas indicam que estes docentes são o que conseguem ser: seres de experiências, contextos históricos, sociais e culturais que os atravessam nesse tornar-se docente numa EFA.
LICENCIATURAS EM EDUCAÇÃO DO CAMPO NAS CIÊNCIAS DA NATUREZA: UM OLHAR PARA SUAS ESPECIFICIDADES
Authors: SÁUL TAMINE SANTOS , MUENCHEN CRISTIANE
Published: August 2020

RESUMO: A presente pesquisa tem como foco um olhar sobre uma das especificidades da Educação do Campo. Assim, partindo do problema de pesquisa: “De que forma a interdisciplinaridade é apresentada nas Licenciaturas em Educação do Campo, na Área de Ciências da Natureza, no RS?”, que se insere em uma pesquisa mais ampla em nível de mestrado, buscou-se aprofundar o olhar da interdisciplinaridade nas especificidades, a partir da Análise Textual Discursiva como metodologia de análise. As análises permitiram identificar que existem especificidades para as Licenciaturas em Educação do Campo presentes nos documentos e que vem sendo seguidas pelos cursos, como a Formação por Área do Conhecimento, a Pedagogia da Alternância e, a Agroecologia, a Sustentabilidade e o Território, as quais colaboram para que a interdisciplinaridade aconteça.
FATORES ASSOCIADOS À PERCEPÇÃO DE DIFICULDADE DA PROVA DO ENADE: UMA ANÁLISE A PARTIR DAS CARACTERÍSTICAS DOS ALUNOS E DAS INSTITUIÇÕES DE ENSINO SUPERIOR
Authors: TOMÁS MARIA CAROLINA , SILVEIRA LEONARDO SOUZA , D'ALBUQUERQUE RAQUEL WANDERLEY
Published: August 2020

RESUMO: O artigo investiga a relação entre características do corpo discente e das instituições de ensino superior (IES) e a percepção dos estudantes quanto à dificuldade da prova do ENADE. A hipótese central é que essa percepção varia de acordo com características individuais, como sexo e raça, características socioeconômicas e características das IES. Analisam-se microdados do ENADE e do Censo do Ensino Superior, considerando-se apenas a prova de conteúdo geral para os cursos de Administração, Direito, Economia e Psicologia, em 2015. Os resultados apontam que características individuais são importantes para a percepção de dificuldade da prova e somente o percentual de professores com título de doutorado é significativo dentre as variáveis das IES.
Oral supplementation of probiotics on the performance and gut histo-morphology of suckling piglets
Authors: Haupenthal Lisandro Alfredo , Caramori Júnior João Garcia , Corrêa Gerusa da Silva Salles , Silva Bruno Alexander Nunes
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT: The effects of the oral supplementation of probiotics on the performance and intestinal histo-morphology of the duodenal, jejunal, and ileal mucosa, comparing with two different genetic lines (purebred Large White or crossbred Large White x Landrace) of suckling piglets were evaluated between 2 and 19 days of age. In total, 276 piglets were distributed according to a completely randomized experimental design in a 2 x 3 factorial arrangement, with four replicates each. Treatments consisted of two genetic lines (130 purebred Large White and 146 crossbred Large White x Landrace piglets), two different probiotic products (probiotic bacteria or a combination of yeast and probiotic bacteria), and a control (basal diet with no addition). Probiotics increased the average daily weight gain (P=0.02), independently of genetic line, but did not influence (P>0.10) average daily feed intake. Crossbred piglets presented higher average daily feed intake (P=0.03) than purebreds. The incidence of diarrhea was not significantly different (P>0.10) among the treatments. Intestinal histo-morphometric parameters were not influenced by genetic lines (P>0.10). However, the piglets fed with the probiotic products exhibited higher duodenal villi compared with the control (P=0.01). In conclusion, piglets that received oral probiotics improved intestinal health and average daily weight gain, independent of the genetic lines. Higher duodenal villus were measured in P2 and P3 (450.37 μm and 435.62 μm, respectively) compared with the control group P1 (309.25 μm; P=0.01). Higher average daily weight gain was obtained in P2 and P3 (259.55 g and 250.50 g, respectively) compared with P1 (221.9 g; P=0.02).