bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sensing optical phase distortion via beatnote detection of a dual probe beam encoded with orbital angular momentum
Authors: Ferlic Nathaniel A. , Laux Alan E. , Cochenour Brandon M. , Mullen Linda J. , van Iersel Miranda , Davis Christopher C.
Published: July 2022

Laser based optical applications such as imaging, ranging, and wireless communications are susceptible to environmental distortions. Inferring the strength of these optical distortions is crucial to obtaining information about the environment in which the system is operating. Our technique of inferring environmental distortion strength leverages the spreading of light’s orbital angular momentum (OAM) spectrum combined with heterodyne detection. A laser encoded with OAM can be decomposed into a basis set of helical modes that spreads upon interaction with optical distortions. This mode spreading is quantified using the OAM spectrum that can be measured using mode projection or mode sorting techniques. This new technique, to the best of our knowledge, provides benefits compared to the latter two OAM detection methods such as: low-frequency noise rejection, a simpler optical receiver, lower noise floor, and an inherent optical phase component. Central to the method is the heterodyne detection of the zeroth-order OAM coefficient of a superimposed two-beam, two-frequency, probe. The measured heterodyne signal power is seen to be proportional to the coupling power of each beam’s OAM spectra. To test the idea, wave-optic simulations and experiments using spatial light modulators are implemented using a simplified optical turbulence model to represent the environment. The experimental implementation agrees well with simulated and theoretical results.
Evaluation of a multicomponent intervention to shorten thrombolytic door-to-needle time in stroke patients in China (MISSION): A cluster-randomized controlled trial
Authors: Zhong Wansi , Lin Longting , Gong Xiaoxian , Chen Zhicai , Chen Yi , Yan Shenqiang , Zhou Ying , Zhang Xuting , Hu Haitao , Tong Lusha , Cheng Chaochan , Gu Qun , Chen Yong , Yu Xiaojin , Huang Yuhui , Yuan Changzheng , Lou Min ,   for the MISSION investigators
Published: July 2022

Background

Rapid intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) for acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is crucial for improving outcomes. However, few randomized trials of interventions aimed at reducing in-hospital delay have been carried out in China. We aimed to evaluate the effect of a multicomponent intervention on thrombolytic door-to-needle time (DNT) of AIS patients via video teleconference based on the Behavior Change Wheel (BCW) method.

Methods and findings

This cluster-randomized trial, conducted between January 1, 2019 and December 31, 2019, randomly allocated 22 hospitals equally to PEITEM (Persuasion Environment reconstruction Incentivization Training Education Modeling) intervention or routine care plus stroke registry and subsequently enrolled 1,634 AIS patients receiving IVT within 4.5 hours upon stroke onset from participant hospitals. The PEITEM group received a 1-year PEITEM 6-component intervention based on the behavioral theory monthly via video teleconference. The primary outcome was the proportion of patients with a DNT of 60 minutes or less. A total of 987 patients participated in the PEITEM group (mean age, 69 years; female, 411 [41.6%]) and 647 patients in the control group (mean age, 70 years; female, 238 [36.8%]). Of all participants, the proportion of DNT ≤60 minutes in the PEITEM group was higher than in the control group (82.0% versus 73.3%; adjusted odds ratio, 1.77; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.17 to 2.70; ICC, 0.04; P = 0.007). Among secondary outcomes, the average DNT was 43 minutes in the PEITEM group and 50 minutes in the control group (adjusted mean difference: −8.83; 95% CI, −14.03 to −3.64; ICC, 0.12; P = 0.001). Favorable functional outcome (score of 0 to 1 on the modified Rankin scale (mRS)) was achieved in 55.6% patients of the PEITEM group and 50.4% of the control group (adjusted odds ratio, 1.38; 95% CI, 1.00 to 1.90; ICC, 0.01; P = 0.049). Main study limitations include non-blinding of clinicians, and that specific interventions component responsible for the observed changes could not be determined.

Conclusions

The teleconference-delivered PEITEM intervention resulted in a moderate but clinically relevant shorter DNT and better functional outcome in AIS patients receiving IVT.

Trial registration

Clinicaltrials.gov NCT03317639.
Item-level psychometrics of the Ascertain Dementia Eight-Item Informant Questionnaire
Authors: Ham Yeajin , Bae Suyeong , Lee Heerim , Ha Yaena , Choi Heesu , Park Ji-Hyuk , Park Hae Yean , Hong Ickpyo
Published: July 2022

The aim of this study is to evaluate the item-level psychometrics of the Ascertain Dementia Eight-Item Informant Questionnaire (AD-8) by examining its dimensionality, rating scale integrity, item fit statistics, item difficulty hierarchy, item-person match, and precision. We used confirmatory factor analysis and the Rasch rating scale model for analyzing the data extracted from the proxy versions of the 2019 and 2020 National Health and Aging Trends Study, USA. A total of 403 participants were included in the analysis. The confirmatory factor analysis with a 1-factor model using the robust weighted least squares (WLSMV) estimator indicated a unidimensional measurement structure (χ2 = 41.015, df = 20, p = 0.004; root mean square error of approximation = 0.051; comparative fit index = 0.995; Tucker–Lewis Index = 0.993;). The findings indicated that the AD-8 has no misfitting items and no differential item functioning across sex and gender. The items were evenly distributed in the item difficulty rating (range: −2.30 to 0.98 logits). While there were floor effects, the AD-8 revealed good reliability (Rasch person reliability = 0.67, Cronbach’s alpha = 0.89). The Rasch analysis reveals that the AD-8 has excellent psychometric properties that can be used as a screening assessment tool in clinical settings allowing clinicians to measure dementia both quickly and efficiently. To summarize, the AD-8 could be a useful primary screening tool to be used with additional diagnostic testing, if the patient is accompanied by a reliable informant.
A blockchain-based certifiable anonymous E-taxing protocol
Authors: Niu Huimin , Li Ting , Gong Xiugang
Published: July 2022

The security of the tax system is directly related to the development of a country. The conventional process of tax payment laborious steps, so this process becomes a cause of irregularities among taxpayers and tax authorities, increasing the rate of corruption in tax collection. Blockchain, as a distributed ledger technology, its unique advantages and promising applications in taxation offer an effective solution to the problems of electronic taxation. However, the transparency of blockchain exists the risk of privacy disclosure, the high degree of anonymity brings the problem of lack of user supervision. Therefore, for balancing the contradiction of taxpayer privacy and supervision, we propose a blockchain-based self-certified and anonymous e-taxing scheme, which uses blockchain as the underlying support, and utilizes cryptography technology such as self-certified public key, Diffie-Hellman, to reduce the taxpayer′s reliance on the certificate authority, and protects the taxpayer′s anonymity while realizing the tracking of the real identity of malicious taxpayers. The security analysis proves that the scheme has the properties such as anonymity, conditional privacy and unforgeability, etc. Finally, performance analysis shows that compared with similar schemes, the scheme significantly improves the registration efficiency, proving its practicability and implementability.
Systematic review on e-cigarette and its effects on weight gain and adipocytes
Authors: Hod Rafidah , Mohd Nor Nurul Huda , Maniam Sandra
Published: July 2022

Smoking and obesity are leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. E-cigarette which was first introduced in 2000s is perceived as an effective alternative to conventional tobacco smoking. Limited knowledge is available regarding the risks and benefits of e-cigarettes. This study systematically reviews the current literature on the effects of e-cigarettes on body weight changes and adipocytes. The search was performed using OVID Medline and Scopus databases and studies meeting the inclusion criteria were independently assessed. This review included all English language, empirical quantitative and qualitative papers that investigated the effects of e-cigarettes on bodyweight or lipid accumulation or adipocytes. Literature searches identified 4965 references. After removing duplicates and screening for eligibility, thirteen references which involve human, in vivo and in vitro studies were reviewed and appraised. High prevalence of e-cigarette was reported in majority of the cross sectional studies conducted among respondent who are obese or overweight. More conclusive findings were identified in in vivo studies with e-cigarette causing weight decrease. However, these observations were not supported by in vitro data. Hence, the effect of e-cigarette on body weight changes warrants further investigations. Well-designed population and molecular studies are needed to further elucidate the role of e-cigarettes in obesity.
Taking precarity as a force and surveying on the past through film: Can films recuperate the untold histories?
Authors: Çiçek Özgür
Published: July 2022

The meeting of film and history sits at a position where it becomes hard to distinguish their interdependent dynamics. Accordingly, how do film and history connect, work with or work against each other? What is the significance of film for constructing histories of the people whose
past, identity and culture were denied for long years? Where does this bring or drive film towards becoming a medium through which precarious politics on diverse people are revealed, documented and archived? Leaning on these, in this article, I will interrogate the position of transnational
Kurdish cinema produced in Turkey for transforming the precarious political realms into a creative force that exposes different Kurdish histories, memories and temporalities. To do this I will make use of the interviews I conducted with Kurdish filmmakers in Turkey between 2010 and 2016, including
Hüseyin Karabey, Mizgin Müjde Arslan, and Zeynel Doğan, and their films which reveal the tensions they inherit from their ancestors.
A kooperatív egyetemi modell, egy lehetséges válasz a 21. századi felsőoktatás-pedagógiai kihívásokra
Authors: Szabó Péter
Published: July 2022

A 21. század elején dinamikusan változik a globális felsőoktatás környezete, ami a több mint nyolcszáz éves rendszer megszokottnál gyorsabb alkalmazkodását követeli meg az intézményektől, mind a kutatás, mind az oktatás területén. Dr. Szabó Péter, a Kodolányi János Egyetem alapító rektora, harminc éve foglalkozik a folyamatosan megjelenő, új kihívásokra adandó, adekvát szervezetfejlesztési és felsőoktatás-pedagógiai válaszok kimunkálásával. Jelen tanulmányában egyetemén bevezetett, és 2014-ben Európai Innovációs Díjat kapott, felsőoktatás-pedagógiai modell, a PIQ & Lead™ képzési modell bemutatásával vázol fel egy lehetséges utat a hazai és a nemzetközi felsőoktatásban dolgozó szakemberek számára.
Opuntia elata Link & Otto ex Salm-Dyck (Cactaceae): A new record for the flora of Zimbabwe
Authors: Maroyi Alfred
Published: July 2022

Opuntia elata Link & Otto ex Salm-Dyck is recorded as having become naturalised in Zimbabwe. Illustration, distribution map and description of the species are provided. A dichotomous key based on vegetative characters to distinguish among O. elata, O. microdasys (Lehm.) Pfeiff. and O. ficus-indica (L.) Mill., the 3 naturalised Opuntia species in Zimbabwe, is included to assist with the identification of the species.
Urbanes Laboratorium Dokk1 in Århus – Kultur- und Demokratieförderung als Standortfaktoren
Authors: Wischmann Antje
Published: July 2022

Dieser Beitrag untersucht die multifunktionale Bibliothek Dokk1, die international als exemplarische Stadtbibliothek der Zukunft Bekanntheit erlangt hat. Der erste Teil des Artikels widmet sich einer Beschreibung der raumzeitlichen Konstellationen und sozialen Interaktionen innerhalb und außerhalb des imposanten Gebäudes an der Hafenspitze von Århus. Die in der Beschreibung angewandte raumsoziologische Perspektive wird im zweiten Teil auf die Maßnahmen und Zielsetzungen im Sinne der Demokratieförderung übertragen, wie sie u. a. in den kommunalen Leitdokumenten formuliert worden sind. Da die Orientierung an den Nutzer:innen als wichtigster Grundsatz des Bibliothekspersonals gilt, wird in diesem Beitrag das Verhalten der Besuchenden sowie der Mitarbeitenden als stellvertretend für ein alltägliches demokratisches Aushandeln aufgefasst. Abschließend wird der Frage nachgegangen, inwiefern das soziale Miteinander in der Bibliothek und die lokale Demokratie in Århus kommun aufeinander bezogen sein könnten.
Principal component and cluster analyses based characterization of maize fields in southern central Rift Valley of Ethiopia
Authors: Markos Daniel , Mammo Girma , Worku Walelign
Published: July 2022

Soil management decisions should consider physical potential of the environment, weather variability, and requirements of crops to maximize production to the potential limits. This calls for characterization of environments using selected input variables. Such studies are scanty in southern central Rift Valley of Ethiopia due to which the area is considered homogeneous and identical for agricultural planning, extension, and input delivery programs. Thus, to investigate the scenario, we employed principal component, clustering, and GIS analysis on geo-referenced physiographic and climatic attributes, and their statistical variables obtained from 43 stations with the objective of identifying homogeneous management units with similar physiography, weather pattern, and production scheduling. The analysis of principal components (PCs) indicated that three PCs explained 74.7% of variance in October, November, December, and January (ONDJ), four PCs explained 79.3% of variance in February, March, April, and May, and four PCs explained 80.5% of variance in June, July, August, and September (JJAS). Cluster-I was characterized by high altitude and low temperature in ONDJ season. Cluster-II was characterized by low altitude and high temperature across most seasons. Cluster-III was intermediate in altitude, temperature, and rainfall. Cluster-IV was characterized by high rainfall in JJAS. In all the clusters, PC1 was the mean rainfall component with strong association with altitude and longitude, while PC2 was the temperature component. PC3 is the statistical component with strong influence from mean rainfall. Thus the factors that determine the formation of clusters are reduced from 12 to 5 (T
mean, latitude, longitude, altitude, and RFmean) and 43 stations are grouped into 4 clusters (Shamana, Bilate, Hawassa, and Dilla) which are geographically and ecologically distinct. These clusters require different sets of agro-meteorology advisory, maize management, and input delivery strategies.
Effect of LDH on the dissolution and adsorption behaviors of sulfate in Portland cement early hydration process
Authors: Qiu Zedong , Deng Limin , Lu Shuang , Li Guoqiang , Tang Zhen
Published: July 2022

In recent years, it has been widely recognized that the incorporation of Mg–Al–LDH into cement-based materials can improve the salt corrosion resistance of cement-based materials. The reason for the improvement comes from the anion adsorption capacity of Mg–Al–LDH. It was confirmed that the addition of Mg–Al–LDH would accelerate the setting and hardening of cement paste. With the increase in the Mg–Al-LDH content, the initial setting time of cement slurry with different gypsum contents will decrease by 10–50% and the viscosity of the cement slurry will increase by 100–200%. Depending on different gypsum contents, the degree of cement hydration varied. This article also found that the gypsum in the cement has a negative effect on the resistance to salt erosion, which was brought about by the Mg–Al-LDH adsorption capacity.
Humanistyczny szacunek dla człowieka i jego rozwoju w badaniach białostockich historyków wychowania
Authors:   Uniwersytet w Białymstoku, Kryńska Elwira J.
Published: July 2022

In 2020, the Chair / Department of the History of Education of the Faculty of Education celebrated its 40th anniversary. The Department of the History of Education was established thanks to the efforts of Professor Franciszek Januszek on March 1, 1980. Since its inception, the Department has been systematically developing its staff and expanding the scope of its research. The first research undertaken by the employees of the Department concerned: secret education in the Białystok region during World War II, the use of free time by children and youth, issues of rehabilitation and the effectiveness of education in rural schools. Since 2002, i.e. from the moment when professor Elwira Jolanta Kryńska became the head of the Department of the History of Education, the scientific ambitions of the Department have revolved around history of education and history of pedagogical thought, especially in the 20th century, as well as the genesis and development of educational institutions. They cover issues related to: school and extracurricular education, private education and education of national minorities, teacher activity, the crystallization of social awareness and the development of the culture of independent Poland, the steadfast struggle against the intellectual and cultural degradation of the young generation of Poles and the personal and material losses suffered during World War II, as well as indoctrination and opposition to the ideologization of social life in the period of building the “socialist state” and the “new man”. The measurable effect of these research interests is a considerable number of scientific publications (books and articles) and conferences organized by the employees of the Department. In 2013, in recognition of the scientific and didactic achievements and professional advancement of employees, the above mentioned entity gained the rank of Department.
Godność wychowanka, wychowawcy i pracy wychowawczej w pedagogice personalistycznej
Authors:   Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II, Nowak Marian
Published: July 2022

The article deals with the problem of human dignity in the context of the educational process, in relation to the pupil, the educator, and the educational work itself. This requires reaching for anthropological and axiological categories, according to which human dignity (Latin dignitate), already for Plato and Aristotle, was associated with the problem of adequacy or righteousness (Greek – dikaiosyne – righteousness, adequacy, Latin – rectitudo) and is described in this way in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (issued by the United Nations in 1948). Human dignity is one of the most important values and at the same time it is a typical feature of European culture (Józef Tischner). Nowadays, apart from personalists, we have many authors - mainly philosophers – defending this category (including Patrick Lee, Robert George, or Martha Nussbaum), but there are also representatives of the anti-personalist idea rejecting the „person” or „human dignity”. Karol Wojtyła attributed a central place to „human dignity”, next to the category of „person”, in his ethical personalism. Nowadays, following the position of I. Kant’s intellectualism, some emphasize the so-called given dignity (otherwise conferred or personal), linking it with the external circumstances of life and its quality (especially e.g. with the ability to think). This has serious consequences (also in pedagogy and special education) – for example, disability or any fitness problems could be perceived as depriving a person to some extent of their dignity and limiting it. The use of external criteria for evaluating and estimating the dignity of a human being easily leads to treating them as an object, exploiting or discriminating against them (manifested, inter alia, in relation to children and in adult thinking about children and childhood). For these reasons, Wojtyła also viewed negatively the aftermath of Kant’s reasoning introducing a kind of desensitization to the irrevocable and unique value of the human person and their dignity. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights expressly speaks of innate (otherwise natural) dignity and considers this to be a universal, inalienable moral quality that a person does not receive from anyone, but has always, and which cannot be taken from the person under any condition. Understanding human dignity guards the protection of the rights and dignity of every person both in relation to the pupil (especially the child), and the educator, and the upbringing process itself, and defends them against any attempts to use them instrumentally. A very valuable idea in this respect is the ethical personalism of Karol Wojtyła, who, on the basis of pedagogy and educational work, sets out the direction for the implementation of the pedagogy of dignity.
Godność dziecka nieredukowalną wartością ontyczno-wychowawczą
Authors:   Uniwersytet w Białymstoku, Proniewski Andrzej
Published: July 2022

A human being brought to life receives life as a gift and lives it out as a person. The irreducible foundation of the person is his or her dignity. Man experiences it in the immanent dimension right from conception. An appropriate reference to the dignity of human life translates into its nurturing and giving correct direction to the development in the process of upbringing. The ontic analysis of the child’s dignity is the same as that of man as such. For being a child is a stage of life and not a constitutive ontological component of the person. The thesis undertaken in the topic of this article: the dignity of the child as an irreducible ontic and educational value is argued in the ontic, personalistic, theological, and pedagogical dimensions. The author consistently proves that the changing social and cultural conditions of life cannot force a change in the interpretation of the child’s dignity. A child is a person regardless of the stage of their development and, like every human being, deserves proper respect. The mystery of the person cannot be exhausted by any definition. Personal existence is autonomous and dependent only on God, although the transmission of life takes place within the act of procreation. From the first moments of prenatal development, whether abled or disabled, a child becomes someone unique, unrepeatable fruit of God’s love. The child’s personhood should be distinguished from shaping its personality in the process of upbringing. Personhood is the source for educational influence impacting the formation of the child’s personality.
Geneza i ewolucja instytucji Rzecznika Praw Dziecka
Authors:   Uniwersytet w Białymstoku, Bożyk Stanisław
Published: July 2022

The article takes up the issue of institutional forms of protection of children’s rights. The author first presents the protection of children’s rights in international law, and then deals with national regulations. He points to the genesis of the ombudsman institution for children, which was first established in 1981 in Norway. Next, he shows the genesis of this institution in Poland and its current constitutional and statutory status, as well as the scope of tasks carried out by the Polish Ombudsman for Children.
Sytuacja dziecka anormalnego w Polsce międzywojennej
Authors:   Akademia Pedagogiki Specjalnej im. Marii Grzegorzewskiej, Czarnecka Iwona
Published: July 2022

In the interwar period the authorities of our country focused primarily on reorganizing state structures, which had an impact on the situation of both general education and special education. Directors, managers, teachers, and educators in schools and special institutions had to deal with many difficulties, including financial and organizational problems, as well as those related to the selection of appropriate methods of teaching and upbringing. The number of institutions for abnormal children was also insufficient. The article focuses primarily on the analysis of articles on special education in the interwar period published in magazines such as: „Szkoła Specjalna”, „Kwartalnik Stowarzyszenia Nauczycieli Szkół dla Głuchoniemych i Ociemniałych w Polsce” (later: „Nauczyciel Głuchoniemych i Ociemniałych”, „Nauczyciel Głuchoniemych i Niewidomych”), „Świat Głuchoniemych”, „W Służbie Penitencjarnej”, „Pamiętnik Warszawskiego Instytutu Głuchoniemych i Ociemniałych”, and „Ku Szczytom”. The article ends with the conclusion that despite numerous difficulties and a large number of issues that could not be settled during the Second Polish Republic, it was in the years 1918–1939 that solutions had been developed that were also used later in special education. The experience gained at that time was used after the end of World War II.
Pamiętnikarskie zapisy dziecięcych doświadczeń migracyjnych
Authors:   Uniwersytet w Białymstoku, Danilewicz Wioleta
Published: July 2022

In the past, children were active participants in the international migrations. They shared the fate of their parents, fought for survival, fought for the family and their own success. That is why (re)gaining memory is a duty of the next generations. It will contribute to broadening the perspective on the presented issues, including the experience of childhood. In article, I draw attention to two groups of children and their past migration experiences. In the first one, I notice the experiences of children who emigrated with their parents. In the second one, I discuss children who participated indirectly in the migration process of their parent/parents, i.e. children who remained in the country. I rely on records of the past, i.e. on letters written by emigrants and their memories in diaries, especially from the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries.
O pozycji prawnej dziecka w Polsce dwudziestolecia międzywojennego. Wybrane aspekty
Authors:   Uniwersytet w Białymstoku, Bach Kewin
Published: July 2022

The aim of this study is to analyze the legal position of a child in Poland in the interwar period and to present the conclusions of the analysis. The work focuses mainly on the considerations whether and to what extent Polish law in the discussed period protected the dignity of the child. The legal situation of the child was analyzed from three points of view. The first area to be analyzed is the protection of the child’s dignity under criminal law. The work focuses mainly on proving whether the then legal regulations were sufficient to protect children as special persons, and whether the existing punishments were adapted to the characteristics of children. Related to some extent with this area is the next analyzed scope. It is the protection of children’s rights in juvenile delinquency proceedings. The next and last area covered by the analysis was the protection of children under labor law. This analysis is to show whether and how the rights of children to a decent income and not to be forced to work were protected. The focus was also on the problem of the child’s education in relation to work. The conclusion of this paper presents a summary of the analysis and presentation of the most important conclusions that have been drawn from it.
Dziecko zdolne w perspektywie potrzeb rozwojowych i oczekiwań społecznych
Authors:   Uniwersytet w Białymstoku, Wróblewska Halina Monika
Published: July 2022

In the perspective of dynamically changing reality and social expectations, ability management constitutes a challenge for the modern concept of education for development of abilities – understood as an investment in success. This raises the need for a new look at the nature of abilities and talents as well as supporting human resources. In the presented study, the issue of the child’s abilities and talents as resources is considered in two perspectives: development mechanisms and needs and social expectations. Concern for abilities is a benefit for current and projected development. Abilities in the light of social expectations should be seen as an opportunity and a challenge.
Bariery we wdrażaniu praw dziecka do edukacji włączającej na przykładzie Albanii
Authors:   Uniwersytet EPOKA (Albania), Miço Heliona , Lumani Zaçellari Manjola ,   Uniwersytet Publiczny w Durrës (Albania)
Published: July 2022

The right to education is considered to serve the individual throughout theirs life. It empowers the child and prepares them to face life in the best way. The right to education is seen as a prerequisite to the exercise of other human rights. It can be said that an individual deprived of basic education, not only cannot exercise the rights attributed to them, but also cannot seek their protection. Thus, the right to education is considered to be an instrument to realize every human right, turning it into a pure empowerment right (Tomasevski, U.N. Doc E/CN 4/2001/52, par. 11-14). As such it is reflected in a set of international acts adopted globally. However, its implementation has been imperfect in the current reality, which, in a rapidly changing world, requires the adaptation of the right to education to different needs of children. This requires appropriate policies and legislation to provide inclusive education especially for the disadvantaged groups. The article focuses on an analysis of the right of the child to inclusive education in the framework of Albanian policies and legislation, highlighting the legal gaps that hinder the enjoyment and full realization of this right.
Zniewolenia XXI wieku a potrzeby dziecka
Authors:   Uniwersytet w Białymstoku, Romanowska-Jonio Sylwia
Published: July 2022

The article aims to show the enslavement that affects children and childhood in the 21st century, taking into account the historical aspect of the process of adolescence – childhood. The considerations are meant to help define the concepts of dignity and enslavement and will lead to conclusions regarding the satisfaction of the basic needs of the child in relation to the proposed offers in modern times.
Instrumenty ochrony i pomocy ofiarom dotkniętym handlem dziećmi na gruncie prawa polskiego i międzynarodowego
Authors:   Uniwersytet w Białymstoku, Hryniewicka Dominika
Published: July 2022

The article refers to the issues of protection and assistance to victims of child trafficking. The author analyzes the provisions of Polish and international law aimed at preventing and combating human trafficing and the provisions for providing support to underage victims. The issue of Polish children as well as foreign children was raised. The study discusses procedures, scope of protection and assistance, and solutions for supporting child victims of human trafficking.
The concept of «self care» in the aspect of pedagogical activity 23
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University, Ignatenko Olga Evgenievna
Published: July 2022

The article presents the views of philosophers, psychologists, teachers on the nature of self-care. The philosophy of antiquity considers self-care as a rule of a wise life, linking all human beingness with caring for the soul. Modern philosophers describe the practice of oneself and self-care with the existence of an individual in the world, pay attention to the care of the soul and body. The implementation of an individual life scenario does not imply a break with society, ignoring others, but relies on reflection, comprehension and self-determination. The purpose of the article is to consider the phenomenon of self-care through the prism of pedagogical activity. The methodological basis is formed by ontogenetic and epistemological approaches that explain the human phenomenon. In pedagogical activity, the concept of self-care acquires special significance in the process of preventing and overcoming professional burnout. It is very important for a teacher to be able to determine his emotional and psychophysical state: whether he is in harmony with himself or shows internal disunity. At the same time, the teacher needs knowledge that would allow him to comprehend his own state and return the lost harmony. Such knowledge can be various trainings, in which “techniques of the self” are widely used: work with thought, work with words, work with the body.
Formative assessment as a mechanism for achieving planned educational results: professional readiness of teachers
Authors:   Institute of Advanced Training and Professional retraining of Education workers of the Altai Republic, Zolotovitskaya Yulia Yurievna
Published: July 2022

The article considers the current conditions for the formation of key competencies that are necessary and in demand in the XXI century in accordance with the objectives of state policy in the field of education. The analysis showed that it is possible to ensure the improvement of the quality of education by developing a system of their assessment with the help of new, dynamic solutions, including the introduction of one of the educational technologies – formative assessment. The paper uses the results of a regional study «The attitude of teachers of the Altai territory to the development of formative assessment technology». Based on the results of a study conducted among teachers of General education organizations in the Altai territory, the author developed a textbook «Paths of formative assessment» as part of the author’s team.
Gamification as a psychological tool for the development of the feeling of adult-hood markers in adolescents
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University, Galyuk Natalia Andreevna , Odiyak Evgeniya Vyacheslavovna ,   Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University
Published: July 2022

Adolescence is a difficult period in a person’s life, in which a sense of adulthood manifests itself in a special way, affecting the relationship with other people and expressing a new life position of a teenager. The authors identify the level of claims; self-attitude; responsibility; locus of control; communicaton; creativity, critical thinking and mobility as markers of the feeling of adulthood. The most productive “technology” for developing a sense of adulthood in adolescents is the game. The authors consider the inclusion of gamification as a psychological tool in the process of interacting with teenagers, which allows the latter to reveal themselves more effectively and develop a sense of adulthood. The games in the corresponding program, based on the principles of a systemic approach, anthropological realism, the consideration of age-related features, are grouped into several blocks, each of which is aimed at developing a certain marker of a sense of adulthood. Gamification as a modern “reading” of the game expands the scope of its application in the future, and the data obtained can become a practical basis for working on new author’s psychological games for the development of various human skills.
Use of educational module cartoon «I create the world» as a new form of organization for the development of speech of children of older pre-school age in the conditions of an educational organization
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University, Kuznetsova Elena Bilusovna , Khanina Lyubov Sergeevna ,   Municipal State ‒ owned Preschool Educational Institution of Novosibirsk «Kindergarten No. 428»
Published: July 2022

The purpose of the article is to present the experience of pedagogical work on the use of new forms of organization of children of senior preschool age, in particular the organization of a cartoon studio in kindergarten, in order to develop speech. The development of speech in children is a very important condition for the development of thinking and other mental processes, the formation of the child’s personality and further schooling. The informatization of our lives has influenced the interests of preschoolers; since childhood, they have been drawn to computers, smartphones and other information media. Therefore, in order to maintain children’s interest in learning, kindergarten teachers need to search for new forms and means of developing children in accordance with the requirements of the federal state standard for preschool education. The use of the educational module of the multi-studio “I create the world”, which is part of the partial modular program “STEM-education of children of preschool and primary school age” (authors: T. V. Volosovets, V. A. Markova, S. A. Averin), in pedagogical process of the kindergarten, from our point of view, is such a new form of organization of children.
Participation of the Polish Parliament in the Execution of Judgments of the European Court of Human Rights*
Authors: Ciżyńska-Pałosz Angelika
Published: July 2022

The main aim of this paper is to present the role of parliament in the process of implementation of European Court of Human Rights (ECHR) judgments in Poland. Firstly, the structure of the Polish parliament and the activity of two parliamentary committees dealing with the issue of the execution of ECHR judgments are presented. Then, the implementation by the Polish parliament of two basic tasks in this area is described: (1) participation in the enactment of laws aimed at removing regulations incompatible with the Convention from domestic law; (2) control of draft laws in terms of compliance with the Convention. Other activities undertaken by the Polish parliament to supervise the execution of judgments of the ECHR issued in cases against Poland are also shown. Finally, the actions taken by the Polish parliament are juxtaposed with the recommendations of the Council of Europe bodies. This allows the development of proposals to modify the Polish model and make it more effective in implementing the recommendations of the Council of Europe.
Principle of Proportionality and Classification of Measures Implementing the Principle of Proportionality in the Context of Interim Measures
Authors: Doržinkevič Artur
Published: July 2022

This article analyzes the application of the principle of proportionality in the context of interim measures. The study reveals how and to what extent is the principle of proportionality regulated by law in the application of interim measures. The author distinguishes measures implementing the principle of proportionality in the context of interim measures according to different criteria: (a) the nature of the issue; (b) the subject carrying out the proportionality assessment; (c) the time (stage) at which the proportionality assessment is carried out. For this study, the author analyzed the case law of both the Lithuanian Court of Appeal and the European Court of Human Rights regarding the proportionality of the restriction of property rights in the context of interim measures.
Features of formation and functioning of phytoplankton of small reservoirs
Authors:   Ivan Franko Zhytomyr State University, Department of Botany,     Bioresources and Biodiversity Conservation, 40 V. Berdychivska Str., Zhytomyr 10002, Ukraine, Shelyuk Yu.S.
Published: July 2022

Regularities of phytoplankton formation and functioning of small reservoirs are established. Chlorophyta (32.7% of the total list of species) and Bacillariophyta (24.6%) were found to be predominant in species richness. Cyanobacteria species have been found to increase as the area and volume of reservoirs increase, and Euglenozoa is ahead of them in smaller bodies of water. The main abiotic parameters that determine the changes in the structural parameters of phytoplankton of the studied reservoirs are determined. The main differences in the structural and functional characteristics of phytoplankton of small reservoirs built on Polissya rivers in comparison with large Dnieper and Volga ones have been clarified.
Algal cultures as a model object of studding algal-bacterial communities (consortia)
Authors:   M.G. Kholodny Institute of Botany NAS of Ukraine, 2 Tereschenkivska Str., Kyiv 01601, Ukraine, Borysova O.V.
Published: July 2022

An information on the results of the microbiological analysis of xenic cultures of green (Chlorophyta) and charophytes (Charophyta) algae is given. Algal xenic cultures are regarded as communities (consortia) of heterogeneous organisms connected with each other by trophic and topic interactions and composed of a center nucleus (autotrophic algae of one species) and consorts (several species of heterotrophic bacteria). Twelve algal xenic cultures of freshwater (Сhlorella vulgaris Beij., Coelastrum rugosum (P.G. Richt., Tetradesmus dimorphus (Turpin) M.J.Wynne) and aerophitic (Klebsormidium flaccidum (Kütz.) Silva, Mattox et Blackwell) algae from the collection of M.G. Kholodny Institute of Botany NAS of Ukraine were used in investigations. Each species was represented by three strains isolated in 1961–2018 years from the territories of Ukraine and other countries of Eurasia. Overall, 82 bacterial strains were isolated and identified according to some phenotypic (morphological, chemotaxonomic, physiological and chemical) features. The study revealed complexes of four types which consisted 7 species of bacterial consorts. A qualitative composition of complexes was the same in cultures (strains) of one certain algal species but strictly different in cultures of another algal species. Although, some bacterial species were found in several complexes of different type. It is evident a tight association the heterotrophic bacterial consorts with the autotrophic determinant of consortia and conforms the consortium character of algal-bacterial communities in general. It was proposed an express method based on the use of a numerical system for morphological evaluation of bacterial colonies in preliminary study peculiarities, features and functions of consortia.
Modern conceptual approaches to the definition of ethnocentrism in the two-dimensional field of interethnic separation and integration
Authors:   Interregional Academy of Personnel Management 2, Frometivska Str., Kyiv, 03039, Ukraine, Semenets-Orlova I. A.
Published: July 2022

The author studied and classified the main theoretical approaches to defining the concept of ethnocentrism, identified the place of ethnocentrism among the processes of ethnic demarcation and unification, clarified the correlation of increasing politicization of ethnicities, determined the causes and functions of ethnocentrism, in the dimension of the socio-psychological phenomenon. In the process of research, the definition of the ethnocentric doctrine of W. Sumner is formulated. An attempt is made to positively analyse the correlation of Sumner’s newly introduced concepts of “we-group” and “they-group”. The paper defined it as a result of research by scientists of the so-called “primitive societies”. The study examined many available ethnocentric concepts of modern Western political scientists and sociologists, identified their perception of the causal and functional burden on this phenomenon as a property of individuals, social groups, and communities (as carriers of ethnic identity) to perceive and evaluate life phenomena through the prism of traditions and values of their ethnic community, which acts as a specific general standard or optimum. The socio-empirical data collected, accumulated, and systematized during research are of great value as it creates limited ethnocultural contacts and leads to growing hostility in the ethnopolitical field. It is emphasized that the sources and causes of ethnocentrism are simple, hidden in the uncritical perception of information and negative attitudes towards their own and other ethnic groups. It is noted that the future without ethnocentrism should be associated with a balanced state policy in deepening and expanding interethnic contacts. The anti-ethnocentric policy also involves the comprehensive development of interethnic communicative culture, overcoming ethnic stereotypes (negative and positive attitudes of ethnic identification).
Gilbert Durand: philosopher and hero
Authors:   Independent researcher Kyiv, Ukraine, Serdechna L. V.
Published: July 2022

The paper dwells upon the study and systematization of bibliographic data on the biography, life path and scientific activity of the modern French scientist Gilbert Durand. The author focuses on the outstanding personality of modern sociological science, particularly the sociology of the imaginary. Based on the study of information sources, mainly electronic resources of universities, and organizations, the founder or member of which was G. Durand, including French Association of Friends of Gilbert Durand international intellectual partnership “Eranos”, the author drawn up the biography of the scientist, provided a review of his academic activity and scientific works. Books, monographs, and articles by Durand have been popular not only in the scientific environment but for over sixty years they are translated into different languages and published in different countries of the world. The electronic publications of his works are shared, their popularity in the context of modern transformations is growing, circle of researchers and followers is expanding. In 2021, on the initiative and direct participation of the Ukrainian School of Archetypes (USHA), a Ukrainian translation and publication of his fundamental work “Anthropological Structures of Imaginary” were made in Ukraine. The Ukrainian scientific community actively participated in international events on the 100th anniversary of the scientist in 2021, as it has become not only a tribute to the great French thinker but also a contribution to the further development and popularization of his ideas in Ukraine.
Non-governmental organizations of the Ukrainian diaspora in Estonia
Authors:   Eurasian Coalition on Health, Rights, Gender and Sexual Diversity 142, Pärnu maantee, Tallinn, 11317, Estonia, Kasianczuk M. H.
Published: July 2022

The article analyzes quantitative and qualitative data related to the activities of non-governmental organizations of Ukrainians in Estonia, including the structure of umbrella organizations, sources of funding, frequency of cultural events, their content and attendance. A comparison with the number of members of informal online associations of Ukrainians in Estonia, as well as with official demographic statistics, shows that there is significantly low coverage of the Ukrainian community by the services of Ukrainian diaspora organizations in Estonia. Based on a survey of members of informal online associations of Ukrainians in Estonia, it is shown that despite the general awareness of the goals of diaspora non-governmental organizations, primarily young immigrants with little experience in the country feel the dissonance between the activities of these non-governmental organizations and their needs, which leads to negative views on the activity of organizations of the Ukrainian diaspora in Estonia and weak involvement in the life of the local community. At the same time, the extensive network of Ukrainian diaspora organizations in the country, the availability of basic funding for those organizations from the Estonian government and material and technical support, long experience and relevance of issues related to the Ukrainian community in Estonian society, became a necessary prerequisite for a rapid and positive response of Estonian society to the significant influx of Ukrainian refugees who arrived after the full-scale invasion of Ukraine by the Russian Federation and the active mobilization of Estonian society to help war survivors.
Digest of U-Report surveys: 1st quarter of 2022 (youth employment during the war, youth of Lviv region during the war)
Authors:   NGO “Ukrainian Institute for Social Research after Olexander Yaremenko” 26, Panasa Myrnoho Str., Kyiv, 01011, Ukraine, Demchuk V. S. , Burak D. I. ,   NGO “Ukrainian Institute for Social Research after Olexander Yaremenko” 26, Panasa Myrnoho Str., Kyiv, 01011, Ukraine
Published: July 2022

The paper presents the results of surveys of the innovative youth project U-Report for April– June 2022: youth employment during the war, the youth of Lviv region during the war.