bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Standardization of Optimum Grading Sieve Size for Seed Processing in Black Gram [Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper] Varieties
Authors: Ramanadane T. , Gnanasekar R.
Published: May 2024

Background: The seeds harvested from the field may not be homogenous in seed size, physical purity and viability in Black gram. Seeds are to be cleaned and graded using seed processing machineries to maintain uniformity of a seed lot. Every variety is having its individuality in seed size. Hence, the common recommendation of 2.8 mm sieve size recommended by Indian Minimum Seed Certification Standards (IMSCS) for grading black gram seeds may not be suitable to recover a maximum quality seeds in all varieties while processing. The present study was carried out to identify a suitable grading sieve size for newly released black gram varieties for getting good quality seeds with better seed recovery during processing. Methods: The study was conducted at Seed Technology Research Unit, Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru College of Agriculture and Research Institute, Karaikal during the year 2020-2023. The experiment was laid out in completely randomized design with four replications. Four newly released black gram varieties viz., ADT 6, VBN 8, VBN 10 and VBN 11 were taken for the study. Specified quantities of unprocessed seeds have been sieved using slotted sieves of three sizes above (3.4 mm, 3.2 mm and 3.0 mm) and two sizes below (2.7 mm and 2.5 mm) the recommended sieve size of 2.8 mm for black gram varieties as per the IMSCS. The seeds retained over each sieves were collected separately and tested for seed quality parameters. Result: The results revealed that the seed recovery percent increased with decrease in sieve size while the seed quality parameters found higher with increase in sieve size.The sieve size of 2.7 mm (slotted) registered the maximum cumulative seed recovery of 87% and 89.9%, respectively in Black gram seeds of cv. ADT 6 and VBN 10 along with required seed standards. However, seeds retained from the sieve size of 3.0 mm (slotted) registered the maximum cumulative seed recovery of 91.2% and 87.5%, respectively in VBN 8 and VBN 11 with requisite seed germination and physical purity as per the IMSCS (75% and 98%). Hence, it is suggested that the sieve size of 2.7 mm may be considered as grading sieve size for seed processing in Black gram seeds of cv. ADT 6 and VBN 10 and 3.0 mm may be used as grading screen (Bottom screen) for VBN 8 and VBN 11 for getting good quality seeds with higher seed germination, physical purity and pure live seeds.
Agri-food supply chains and food security in Asia
Authors:   S. Rajaratnam School of International Studies, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Montesclaros Jose Ma. Luis , Teng Paul S. ,   S. Rajaratnam School of International Studies, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
Published: May 2024

This chapter discusses agri-food supply chains in Asia from the perspective of ensuring food security, to provide consumers with their agri-food consumption requirements. Following this perspective, it takes stock of the latest food security outcomes in Asia with a focus on food utilisation (i.e. undernourishment), followed by a discussion of the key driving factors along the lines of food availability, physical food access and economic food access. These include challenges from climate change, as well as supply-chain disruptions from the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic and Russia’s war on Ukraine. Moving forward, other regions globally can take a page from the various ways by which Asian countries (and its sub-regions) have been working to address food security challenges, building on four examples cited such as China’s state-led upstream interventions; India’s digitalisation of public distribution; Singapore’s state supported agri-food tech ecosystem; and private sector-led digitalisation in Southeast Asia.
Improving agri-food supply chains in Africa
Authors:   University of Pretoria, South Africa, Jordaan Danie , Tsabedze Thabile ,   University of Pretoria, South Africa
Published: May 2024

Agricultural value chains in the African context play a pivotal role in the attainment of increased food security, sustainable development, and economic growth when properly integrated into the broader global value chains. Nevertheless, African value chains confront substantial challenges, including challenging operating environments, financing limitations, deficient infrastructure and regulatory barriers, which collectively impede progress across the continent. This chapter reviews these challenges and ways they can be addressed. It also includes a series of case studies on successful solutions that have been implemented in practice. It argues that a strategic approach is needed to bolster participation in global value chains and add value to the agricultural sector, resulting in increased food security and economic progress within the region.
THE IMPACT OF SOCIAL CAPITAL ON RURAL HOUSEHOLD WELFARE IN MALAWI
Authors:   Graduate School of Asia Pacific Masters Program, Ritsumeikan Asia Pacific Studies, Beppu, Japan, Mtika Natasha
Published: May 2024

Does cooperative membership promote household welfare? What are the determinants of social capital? What are the negative factors arising from social capital? By following a case study approach of two agricultural cooperatives in Malawi, the study focused specifically on rural household welfare to gain a deeper understanding of the mechanisms through which social capital impacts rural communities in Malawi. The empirical evidence gathered was directed to uncover social capital both as a determinant factor of household welfare as well as a household socio-demographic factor to capture both its exogeneity and its endogeneity. This research narrows the research gap in Malawi, since until this research, there remained a significant gap in the literature regarding the examination of the relationship between social capital and rural household welfare. This research, therefore, focuses specifically on the relationship between rural household income and social capital by using t-tests, also traditional regression analysis to determine the determinants of social capital. Results indicate that cooperative membership improves household welfare as revealed by the striking disparities in income levels and variability between cooperative members and non-cooperative members. This is attributed to the substantial economic benefits of cooperative membership such as reduced transactional costs and improved market and information access which are available to cooperative members as opposed to non-members, underscoring the role of social capital embedded in groups and cooperatives in contributing to the socio-economic development and poverty alleviation of rural households. Institutional trust, gender, and education emerged as key predictors of social capital underscoring the crucial roles of trust, gender dynamics, and education levels within social networks. This highlights the need for policy interventions that promote education, address gender disparities, and build people’s trust in local, district, and national institutions to enhance social capital among people in rural areas. Financial barriers, power imbalances, and leadership accountability were found to limit the inclusivity and accessibility of the networks by those who are outside as well as contribute to a lack of trust and reduced participation among members, especially those who feel marginalized or excluded.
A New Species of Aristolochia from Kumaon Himalayas
Authors: Nair N. C.
Published: May 2024

No Abstract.
The Identity of Tephrosia axillaris A. R. Smith
Authors: Nayar M. P.
Published: May 2024

No Abstract.
A New Variety of Leucas mollissima Wall. from Andhra Pradesh
Authors: Subba Rao G. V. , Kumari G. R.
Published: May 2024

No Abstract.
Some Interesting Plants from Upper Gangetic Plain
Authors: Maheshwari J. K. , Sharma V. S.
Published: May 2024

No Abstract.
Systematics, Distribution and Anatomy of the Two Indian Species of the Genus Elatine L.
Authors: Ramayya N. , Rajagopal T.
Published: May 2024

The paper presents an illustrated description of Elatine ambigua Wight and E. triandra Schkuhr (E. americana Arn.) of the family Elatinaceae with data on their distribution, pollen and general anatomy. The present collection of the two species from Ramappa and Pakhal, Andhra Pradesh, represents a second area of their distribution apart from Madras State. Additional features on their anatomy have been recorded. On the basis of field observations and anatomical features the species are grouped under floating-leaved anchored hydrophytes. The achlorophyllous epidermis and ledged guard cells, which are not in tune with typical characters of hydrophytes are regarded as of vestigial nature. E. ambigua is represented by two forms, one mesic and the other aquatic, which are considered to be ecoadaptive forms or ecads rather than two different genetic races. The anatomical characters are found to be too simplified to help in establishing the taxonomic position of the family.
Asraoa Triandra (Arecaceae)-a New Genus and Species of Palm from Lohit District, Arunachal Pradesh
Authors: Joseph J.
Published: May 2024

A slender, simple stemmed palm, superficially resembling Wallichia Roxb. and Didymosperma Wendl. & Drude but distinctive in its 3-stamened male flowers, collected from Lohit District, Arunachal Pradesh is described.
New Plant Records for the Punjab Plains
Authors: Sharma M.
Published: May 2024

No Abstract.
A New Plant Record for India
Authors: Munshi A. H. , Javeid G. N.
Published: May 2024

No Abstract.
Floral Anatomy in Relation to Taxonomy
Authors: Puri V.
Published: May 2024

The systematist has to look forward to workers in different disciplines of botany for features and correlations that may be of interest to him in making his classification the "epitome of our knowledge of plants". It has been our endeavour here to indicate the way in which studies in floral anatomy have helped the taxonomist in achieving this object.Variations in the vascular plan of the flower, as in floral structures, are numerous and they have been classified under the following heads : (1) Reduction, (2) Amplification, (3) Cohesion and (4) Adnation. All these 'modifications have, in some way or another, helped the taxonomist by providing him additional data.Some specific examples from Ranunpulaceae, Umbelliferae, Polygalaceae, Gentianaceae, Papilionatae, Rutaceae and Apocynaceae are then given to show how floral anatomy has been helpful to the systematist in strengthening or sometimes rejecting his inferences. Besides, it is inferred that floral anatomy may also contributed valuable data in determining correlations in larger groups such as orders.In conlusion it is pleaded that floral anatomists should make their studies more comprehensive than what they hitherto have been. Besides, they should also realize that, like any other branch of study, floral anatomy also has certain limitations. Ignoring them will be as harmful to the cause of floral anatomy as exaggerating them.
A Study in the Hydrophytes and Plants of Lowlying Habitats in Jabalpur
Authors: Seerwani A. B.
Published: May 2024

The paper describes hydrophytic and lowlying vegetation of Jabalpur. Geographical and Geological conditions of Jabalpur have been described. Various habitats have been shown in the map. A table indicating the distribution of various hydrophytes in various habitats has been given. Seasonal changes in the hydrophytic vegetation have been described. Restricted occurrence of Alistna reniforme, Blyxa roxburghii and Butomopsis lanceolata has been observed. Tamarix ericoides has been found to grow luxuriantly in the sandy beds in the river Narbada. About 88 species of hydrophytes and lowlying plants spread over 6 families of pteridophytes, 13 families of monocots and 22 families of dicots have been recorded.
Contributions to the Flora of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands
Authors: Thothathri K.
Published: May 2024

The Andamans and Nicobars are two groups of islands, lying in the Bay of Bengal between the latitudes 6Â°41' and 13Â°41' North and longitudes 92Â°11â€™ and 94Â°00' East. The Andamans consist of 204 islands, while the Nicobars are made up of 22 islands.Geology, soil and climate of these islands are discussed. A brief resume of the botanical history of these islands is presented.The vegetation of the Andamans is classified into 1. Mangrove forests 2. Beach forortr 3. Evergreen forests, situated at lower elevations in alluvial land and valleys 4. Deciduous forests 5. Moist evergreen forests at higher elevations 6. Vegetation in cleared lands and open areas. In Nicobars the following types of vegetation are met with 1. Beach forests 2. Evergreen forests 3. Grass lands 4. Marine vegetation. The floristic composition of these vegetations is discussed in detail.A floristic analysis is presented. The approximate number of Phanerogamic species may, amount to 1000 and 700 for the Andamans and Nicobars respectively. The flora has been subjected to the influence of Burma and Malaysia. A number of non-indigenous species have intruded and mixed well with the Andaman flora. A third feature is presence of plants of their own, with a number of endemic species.
The Vegetation around Jumnotri in Tehri-Garhwal, U.P.
Authors: Rau M. A.
Published: May 2024

The distribution of vegetation in the altitude range, 1500 to 3500 metres and the composition of the main Rhododendron campanulatum-Behula utilis and Abies spectabilis-Betula utilis-Quercus semecarpifolia forests as observed by the author during a recent plant collection tour in the Jumnotri area of Tehri-Garhwal Himalayas are described in the paper. The herbaceous vegetation in the forests is very rich and many monocotyledonous species are represented. The paper includes an enumeration of the plants collected during the tour.
A Contribution to the Botany of Orissa
Authors: Panigrahi G. , Chowdhury S. , Raju D. C. S. , Deka G. K.
Published: May 2024

This paper presents the essential features of geology, topography, soil, climate, vegetation and floristic composition of the tropical deciduous and tropical semi-evergreen/evergreen forests occurring in parts of Cuttack district, Keonjhar district, Mayurbhanja district and Bolangir-Sambalpur districts of Orissa. An enumeration of about 868 specie of angiosperms, gymnosperms, pteriodophytes and fungi representing 1845 field numbers collected between 1957-1959 is appended. It includes 34 species and ten genera found as new records for Bihar and Orissa and 60 species found as new records for Orissa only.
Botanical Observations in the Balimela Project Area, Orissa
Authors: Raju D. C. S.
Published: May 2024

This article deals with an account of the vegetation and flora of Balimela dam project area in Koraput district of Orissa. In all a total of about 200 species of flowering plants occurring in the submerging sites are enumerated.
A New Species of Gentiana from North-Western Himalayas
Authors: Nair N. C.
Published: May 2024

No Abstract.
Artificial, Synthesis of Naturally-Occiurring Plant Species-its Bearing on Plant Taxonomy
Authors: Pal B. P.
Published: May 2024

No Abstract.
Observations on the Flora of Siang Frontier Division, North East Frontier Agency (NEFA)
Authors: Rao R. S. , Joseph J.
Published: May 2024

No Abstract.
Orthotrichum pumillum Swartz.-A New Record for India
Authors: Vohra J. N.
Published: May 2024

No Abstract.
Notes on the Distribution of Tylophora tenerrima Wall. Ex Wight (Asclepiadaceae)
Authors: Banerjee S. P. , Banerjee R. N.
Published: May 2024

No Abstract.
A Botanical Tour to Tirap Frontier Division, NEFA (India)
Authors: Panigrahi G. , Joseph J.
Published: May 2024

A botanical tour in the southern parts of Tirap Frontier Division lying to the south-east of the Margherita-Nampong-Pangsupass line and bordering upon Burma and Manipur, undertaken over a period of 20 days during August-September, 1958, pelded 518 species of angiosperms and 120 species of pteridophytes amongst others. This paper presents the geology, topography, soil and vegetation together with a comprehensive analysis of the floristic composition of the vegetational types and is followed by enumeration of the species of angiosperms in the Appendix.Analysis of the species collected and belonging to angiosperms established the following ten families as the richest ones on the basis of the number of species. Orchidaceae (50), Rubiaceae (29), Gramineae (28), Urticaceae (27), Leguminosae (21), Compositae (19), Cyperaceae (19) and Gesneraceae (17), Verbenaceae (12), Labiatae (12). These together represent about 45% of the species collected. About 68 species not recorded by Kanjilal et al(1934-1940) have been reported as additions to the dicotyledonous flora of Assam and NEFA. Several are reported here as new records of species for India.
The Leguminosae of Delhi-Some Studies on their Morphology and Taxonomy
Authors: Rangaswamy N. S. , Chakrabarty Bharati
Published: May 2024

The status of the taxon Leguminosae is not univocally decided. Towards a critical evaluation of the existing views, a survey of the leguminous plants of Delhi was undertaken and studies on their comparative morphology made. An interesting result of this work is the new record of four taxa for Delhi.
Ecological Studies of Saurashtra Coast and Neighbouring Islands - VI. An approach to a Classification of the Saurashtra Coastland - A Resume
Authors: Ananda Rao T. , Shanware P. G.
Published: May 2024

A geomorphic classification defined and deleminated by plant communities and edaphic features is outlined for the saurashtra coast with discussion on diversity, zonal patterning adnd prevailing characteristics of habitats, plant communities, soil and phytogeography.
REINTERPRETASI TRADISI MERARIQ (KAWIN LARI) SEBAGAI RESOLUSI KONFLIK ADAT (STUDI PEMIKIRAN TOKOH AGAMA DAN TOKOH ADAT DI NTB)
Authors: Triantini Zusiana Elly , Amilia Fatma , Samsudin Samsudin
Published: May 2024

Abstrak
Tulisan ini hendak megungkap tentang berbagai konflik yang lahir dari proses tradisi merariq di Lombok Nusa Tenggara Barat. Dimulai dari menjabarkan proses atau tahapan tradisi merariq, dan menariknya atau mengkaitkannya dengan sistem sosial masyarakat Sasak dan kemudian melihat beberapa konflik yang lahir dari tradisi tersebut. dalam proses penyusunannya tulisan ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan melakukan wawancara dengan tokoh adat dan tokoh agama (Islam) di Lombok serta mengumpulkan data lain dengan observasi. Pandangan tokoh agama dan tokoh adat terhadap konflik yang lahir tersebutlah yang akan menjadi kacamata untuk melihat peluang reinterpretasi terhadap tradisi menariq ini. Interpretasi tersebut kemudian dikaji menggunakan kerangka maqasid asy syariah dan resolusi konflik sebagai sebuah tawaran akademik.
Abstract
 
This paper explores various conflicts arising from the traditional marital elopement (merariq) in Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara. This qualitative research collects the data through observation and interviews with community and religious leaders. The discussion starts with the explanation of the procedure of traditional marital elopement and then looks at its social system that causes conflict in it. The community and religious leaders’ views are thus used as an analytical tool to perceive such conflicts. Their reinterpretation of merariq is important to present because they are leaders in their respective community. The theory of maqashid al-syariah is finally used to examine such reinterpretation to find and offer a new academic solution to the conflicts
Pendekatan Kontekstual dalam Manhaj Ijtihad (Eksplorasi, dan Rekonstruksi)
Authors: Huda Miftahul
Published: May 2024

Pemahaman dan penerapan kandungan hukum al-Quran dan Hadits memerlukan pertimbangan yang memadai dari perspektif sosiohistoris. Karena jika tidak demikian, konsep hukum yang dihasilkan akan cenderung tidak efektif, parsial, kontradiktif dan implikasi penerapannya tidak sesuai dengan nilai sosiomoralnya yang fundamental. Hal itu karena suasana kehidupan, dan tantangan sosiohistoris dan masalah yang dihadapi umat sekarang sudah jauh berbeda dengan suasana di jaman kenabian. Perspektif sosiohistoris tersebut antara lain mencakup pertimbangan korelasi antar sesama teks syariat sendiri, relevansi sosiologis, filosofis, penghayatan  religiomoral, dan juga pertimbangan dari sisi kajian ilmiah (scientific discoveries). Untuk meraih tujuan tersebut metode pemahaman hukum (manhaj ijtihad) perlu terus disempurnakan, dan untuk mengembangkannya dibutuhkan keahlian yang memadai dari para mujtahid, baik mengenai seluk-beluk sumber syariat maupun masalah-masalah yang konkret dalam kehidupan manusia dengan segenap kompleksitasnya.
 
Abstract
Appreciation and application of Islamic laws derived from the Quran and Hadits always need considerations in socio-historical context so the law will not be ineffective, partial, and contradictive. Consequently, the implementation of its orders will not be suitable with its fundamental socio-moral values. Because the sociological atmosphere, challenges, and real problems faced by human in nowadays and future are far different from the condition in the prophetic era. Such a socio-historical perspective, covers consideration of inter-textual correlation among shariah textual sources, sociological relevance, philosophical foundation, religio-moral comprehension, and consideration in scientific perspective. To obtain such objectives, the Islamic legal methodology (manhaj ijtihad) should be continuously developed. Besides, the contemporary Islamic jurist (mujtahid) should have enough competencies not only on textual sources of shariah but also on real  problems  in human life with all of their complexity.
Label-free voltammetric screening of human blood serum
Authors: Kokoskarova Pavlinka , Ruskovska Tatjana , Brycht Mariola , Skrzypek Slawomira , Mirčeski Valentin
Published: May 2024

The current study presents a comprehensive voltammetric investigation into the direct analysis of untreated human blood serum in a phosphate buffer at an unmodified, graphite electrode by means of voltammetry. By employing advanced square-wave voltammetry at an edge plane pyrolytic graphite electrode (EPPGE), the basic principles were established for developing a sensitive, fast, simple, and label-free method for the simultaneous screening of uric acid, bilirubin, and albumin analytes that are present in human blood serum and are quite essential for rapid medical diagnostics. The electrochemical protocol utilizes the specific structural patterns of the EPPGE, the inherent redox and adsorption properties of the analysed analytes, and the sensitivity and rapidity of the employed advanced voltammetric technique.
The methodology has been successfully applied for quantification of the considered analytes in a series of samples of human blood serum and was compared with the standard methods used in a clinical biochemical laboratory. This novel method represents a significant advancement towards the development of point-of-care devices aimed at swiftly and simultaneously quantifying uric acid, bilirubin, and albumin levels in human serum.
Relationship between Knowledge and Stigma with Attitude Towards People with Leprosy in Professional Nursing Students
Authors: Ishomatul Faizah  , Laily Hidayati  , Ika Nur Pratiwi
Published: May 2024

The bacteria Mycobacterium leprae is the source of the chronic infectious illness leprosy (M. leprae). In society, leprosy still carries a shame. The erroneous impression of leprosy gives birth to stigma. Leprosy is thought to be brought on by curses, witchcraft, divine retribution, sin, or genetics. A person's perception of leprosy and lack of understanding about it might have an impact on how they feel about those who have it. Even among health students, information alone will not be sufficient to end the stigma against those who have leprosy; also, students need to learn how to develop greater empathy for those who have the disease. This study sought to ascertain the association between leprosy knowledge and stigma and attitudes among nursing students at the professional level. In this study, a cross-sectional methodology is used with a descriptive correlational design. A total 320 professional nursing students participated in the survey. Total sampling was used to select respondents based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Utilizing the SPSS version 21, data were gathered by questionnaire and analyzed using the Spearman's rho test at a significance level of 0.05. The Spearman's rho test results revealed a positive link between attitude and knowledge (p=0.001), but a negative relationship between attitude and stigma (p=0.000). It was determined that attitudes toward people with leprosy were significantly influenced by information, stigma, and those attitudes. The better the mindset, the more one knows about leprosy. Leprosy patients are treated better when there is less stigma associated with their condition.
Case Study: Open Pyometra in a Pomeranian Dog at INI Veterinary Service Clinic
Authors: Kristanto Dwi , Nur Aini Dina Wahyu , Willyanto Iwan , Prasetyo Dodik , Rickyawan Nofan
Published: May 2024

A five-year-old female Pomeranian dog presented with vomiting, restlessness, decreased appetite, and vaginal discharge. The physical examination revealed yellowish to brownish purulent vaginal discharge with an unpleasant smell. The X-ray image showed an enlarged uterus, while the hematology results revealed hypochromic normocytic anemia, neutrophilia, lymphopenia, and thrombocytopenia. The blood chemistry test results showed abnormalities, including elevated levels of alkaline phosphatase levels (ALP) and cholesterol as well as decreased amylase levels. Based on the anamnesis, clinical findings, physical examination, and supporting examinations, it was concluded that the dog was diagnosed with open cervix pyometra. The dog was treated with oxytocin hormone at a dose of 0.5 IU/kg BW, methylergometrine at a dose of 0.125 mg/dog, enrofloxacin at a dose of 5 mg/kg BW, carprofen at a dose of 2.5 mg/kg BW, cyproheptadine at a dose of 0.5 mg/kg BW, ranitidine at a dose of 3.5 mg/kg BW, ondansetron at a dose of 1 mg/kg BW, glyseryl guaiacolate at a dose of 20 mg/kg BW, ambroxol HCl at a dose of 2 mg/kg BW, Fufang® at adose of  1 ml, Sangobion® at a dose of 100 mg/dog, Maxbiotik® at a dose of 66 mg, and Transfer Factor Plus® at a dose of 20 mg. The treatment resulted in an improvement in the animal's condition as evidenced by the absence of nasal and vaginal discharges and vomiting, as well as a stool consistency of two out of five.
Blood Glucose Levels, Platelet Count, and Urinary Ketone Levels in Lame Bali Cattle
Authors: Jayanti Putu Devi , Gunawan I Wayan Nico Fajar
Published: May 2024

Lameness is a common problem in Bali cattle. It is caused by various factors, both infectious and non-infectious. This study aims to evaluate the physiological changes in the levels of blood glucose and urinary ketone in lame Bali cattle. This study included 18 Bali cattle with locomotive disorders. Blood glucose levels were assessed from blood samples taken from the jugular vein, while urinary ketone levels were assessed from manually taken urine samples during urination of Bali cattle. The results showed that Bali cattle with locomotive disorders had significantly low blood glucose levels as well as mild to moderate ketonuria and thrombocytosis, which were associated with the increased energy requirements of lame cattle for maintaining postural balance. The results also suggested that the incidence of lameness in Bali cattle was relatively high.
Recent advances of sweat sampling, sensing, energy-harvesting and data-display toward flexible sweat electronics
Authors: Zhao Guangyao , Li Zhiyuan , Huang Xingcan , Zhang Qiang , Liu Yiming , Yu Xinge
Published: May 2024

Sweat contains diverse types of biomarkers that can mirror an individual’s health condition. The forefront research of sweat monitoring primarily focuses on sensing basic parameters, i.e., sweat rate and single electrolyte imbalances in controlled laboratory settings. However, recent works show the potential of sweat for the rich biomarkers in aspects of comprehensive health status display, timely safety alarming, and energy harvesting. The advances in wearable flexible electronics enable continuous, real-time, noninvasive detection of multiple sweat components, providing molecular-level insights into human physiology and psychology information; additionally, the efficient sweat extraction technologies of flexible electronics promote its application in energy harvesting, contributing to advancing a flexible sweat platform. This review comprehensively explores flexible sweat-based electronics, encompassing four key aspects: sweat sampling methods, sweat-based sensors, sweat-based energy harvesters, and sweat data display methods. Firstly, the traditional sweat-based platform is discussed in sweat sampling, sensing, and data analysis. Then, the development of wearable sweat sampling methods is discussed with a comparison of the traditional sweat collection methods. After that, the recent advances in sweat-based biosensors for monitoring diverse sweat analytes, such as the perspiration volume, glucose, lactate, and uric acid levels, are summarized. Subsequently, this review also highlights the recent progress and potential value of sweat-based energy harvesters in sweat-activated batteries and bio-fuel cells. Furthermore, multiple data display methods are proposed to achieve accurate feedback on health status, such as colorimetric techniques, light-emitting diodes, actuators, etc. Finally, this review concludes the main current challenges faced in practical applications of sweat-based bioelectronic systems and proposes a vision for the future evolution of this promising field.
F10 Gene Expression and Ethnic Disparities Present in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma
Authors: Porter Tyrel , Kucheryavykh Lilia
Published: May 2024

Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) presents a significant health concern, particularly among Hispanic women in the United States, who exhibit a disproportionately higher chance of developing an advanced disease when compared to the non-Hispanic population. Emerging evidence suggests coagulation factor X, encoded by F10 gene, has a potential role in inhibiting cancer cell migration. However, comprehensive investigations into the differential expression patterns of F10 in Hispanic versus non-Hispanic females remain limited. RNA-sequencing data was acquired from the TCGA database for white female patients, 166 non-Hispanic and 25 Hispanic. A statistically significant (p < 0.05) 2.06-fold increase in F10 expression levels was detected in disease-free tumors compared to recurrent PTC tumors. Furthermore, an increase in F10 gene expression levels was also observed corresponding to approximately a 1.74-fold increase in non-Hispanic patients compared to Hispanic patients. The probability of tumor recurrence was 1.82 times higher in the cohort with low expression of F10 compared to the high expression cohort, correlating with the lower disease-free rates observed in Hispanic patients’ cohort when compared to non-Hispanics. This finding underscores the relevance of ethnic disparities in molecular profiles for understanding cancer susceptibility. Identifying F10 as a potential prognostic biomarker highlights avenues for targeted interventions and contributes to improving diagnostic and treatment strategies for diverse patient populations.
Instantaneous Action at a Distance and the Principle of Locality, a new Proposal about their Possible Connection
Authors: Li Qingsong , Smith Raymond T. , Maher Simon
Published: May 2024

The interaction of matter when separated by a distance is a fundamental question, whether such interactions occur through instantaneous action at a distance or retarded interaction (principle of locality)? While the mainstream consensus favors the principle of locality, instantaneous action at a distance offers certain advantages. Previously, instantaneous action at a distance has been viewed as an appearance or representation from specific gauge choices of electromagnetic potentials (retarded). In this paper, we propose a novel approach that combines Weber’s electrodynamics with the concept of vacuum polarization to explore a new possible connection between the two viewpoints: instantaneous action at a distance and the locality principle. This new approach aligns with the observation of locality in signal/energy propagation while retaining the notion of instantaneous action at a distance.
A Dual Hilbert-Space Formalism for Consciousness; Memory Experiments
Authors: Englman Robert , Yahalom Asher
Published: May 2024

Inspired by works of W. H. Zurek and others, a mathematical, physical theory, entirely within a quantum mechanical formalism, is proposed for cognitive processes in terms of an abstract Hilbert-space for the conscious state that is an exact replica of the Hilbert-space for the neuronic physical state. Thus, any actual state of consciousness arises by its formal alignment (identification) with some-one in the set of the neuronic states, with the latter undergoing perpetual changes in the wake of life-long experiences. It is posited that these changes become expressed by an increase in the number of ordered, coherent neuronic states at the expense of the pre-ordinal random neuronic states. Changes, transitions between states are induced by a Gorini-Kossakowski-Sudarshan-Lindblad formalism, which is also instrumental in the effect of the conscious state on bodily actions. The paradigmatic findings of R.N. Shepard (1958 - 2011) and of S. Sternberg (1966 - 2016) for long- and short-term recalls are interpreted within the model.
An Uncertainty Relation for Retarded Gravity
Authors: Yahalom Asher
Published: May 2024

In recent years retarded gravity has explained many of the mysteries surrounding the "missing mass" related to galactic rotation curves, the Tully-Fisher relations, and gravitational lensing phenomena. Indeed a recent paper analyzing 143 galaxies, has demonstrated that retarded gravity will suffice to explain the galaxies rotation curves without the need to postulate dark matter for multiple types of galaxies. Moreover, it also demystified the "missing mass" related to galactic clusters and elliptic galaxies in which excess matter wad derived through the virial theorem. Here we give a mathematical criterion which specifies the cases for which retardation is important for gravity (and when it is not). The criterion takes the form of an "uncertainty" relation.
Creep Phenomena, Mechanisms and Modeling
Authors: Wu Xijia , Liu Rong , Khelfaoui Fadila
Published: May 2024

Metal creep has been a subject of extensive study for more than 110 years, because it affects the useful life of engineering components operating at high temperatures. It is even more so with ever-increasing operating temperatures of propulsion/power-generation systems by the environmental regulations to reduce greenhouse emissions. This review summaries the recent development in creep modeling with regards to creep strain evolution, creep rate, creep ductility, creep life and fracture mode, attempting to provide a comprehensive mechanism-based framework to address all the important creep phenomena and the long-standing issue of long-term creep life prediction with microstructural evolution and environmental effects.
Analyzing the Approximate Error and the Applicable Condition of Fractional Reduced Differential Transform Method
Authors: Hu Jianbing
Published: May 2024

The fractional reduced differential transform method is a finite iterative method based on infinite fractional expansions. The result obtained is the approximation of the real value. There are few reports on the approximate error and the applicable condition. In this paper, according to the fractional expansions, we study the factors related to the approximate errors. Our research shows that the approximate errors relate not only to fractional order but also to time $t$ and increase rapidly with time $t$. This method can only be applied within a certain time range and the time range is relevant to fractional order and fractional expansions. Then, many obtained achievements may be incorrect if the applicable conditions are not satisfied. Some examples presented in this paper verify our analysis.
Exploring the Role of Thy-1 and Its Soluble Form regarding Fibrosis Severity in Primary Biliary Cholangitis and Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: Kolev Mirjam , Saalbach Anja , Bütikofer Rahel , Kollert Florian , Montani Matteo , Semmo Nasser
Published: May 2024

Portal myofibroblasts (PMF) are known to be critical in bile duct injury, but their role in liver fibrogenesis remains underexplored. Thy-1, an adhesion molecule integral to fibroblasts, relevant in fibrogenesis and detectable in serum as soluble Thy-1 (sThy-1), is expressed by PMF but not hepatic stellate cells in vitro. This study aimed to elucidate the correlation between Thy-1 expression in liver histology and sThy-1 levels in serum with the degree of liver fibrosis in patients with primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) and metabolic dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD).
Liver histology samples were stained for Thy-1 and sThy-1 was measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
In patients with PBC and MASLD, portal Thy-1 expression significantly correlated with increased fibrosis. The sinusoidal Thy-1 expression also significantly correlated with increased fibrosis in patients with PBC (p
Characterization of MET Alterations in 37 Gastroesophageal Cancer Cell Lines for MET-Targeted Therapy
Authors: Kim Jin-Soo , Kim Mi Young , Hong Sungyoul
Published: May 2024

Background: Capmatinib and savolitinib, selective MET inhibitors, are widely used to treat various MET-positive cancers. In this study, we aimed to determine the effects of these inhibitors on MET-amplified gastric cancer (GC) cells. Methods: After screening 37 GC cell lines, the following cell lines were found to be MET-positive with copy number variation > 10: SNU-620, ESO51, MKN-45, SNU-5, and OE33 cell lines. Nest, we assessed the cytotoxic response of these cell lines to capmatinib or savolitinib alone using cell counting kit-8 and clonogenic cell survival assays. Western blotting was performed to assess the effects of capmatinib and savolitinib on the MET signaling pathway. Xenograft studies were performed to evaluate the in vivo therapeutic efficacy of savolitinib in MKN-45 cells. Results: Savolitinib and capmatinib exerted anti-proliferative effects on MET-amplified GC cell lines in a dose-dependent manner. Savolitinib inhibited the phosphorylation of MET and downstream signaling pathways, such as the protein kinase B (AKT) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathways, in MET-amplified GC cells. Additionally, savolitinib significantly decreased the number of colonies formed on the soft agar and exerted dose-dependent anti-tumor effects in a MKN-45 GC cell xenograft model. Furthermore, combination of trastuzumab and capmatinib exhibited enhanced inhibition of AKT and ERK activation in human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2)- and MET-positive OE-33 cells. Conclusions: Therefore, targeting MET with savolitinib and capmatinib efficiently suppressed the growth of MET-amplified GC cells. Moreover, these MET inhibitors exerted synergistic effects with trastuzumab on HER2- and MET-amplified GC cells.
Factors Influencing the Energy Consumption in a Building: Comparative Study between Two Different Climates
Authors: ALI-TAGBA Abdoul-Razak , BANETO Mazabalo , LUCACHE Dorin Dumitru
Published: May 2024

The use of energy resources is essential to the survival and development of human civilization. However, inefficient energy use not only has an impact on the economy, but it also has a significant impact on climate change. Studying and analyzing the factors that increase energy consumption is crucial for improving energy management. The aim of this study is to analyze the factors influencing energy savings in a building taken as a study model under two different climatic conditions. Measurements of the building's energy performance were carried out using the EnergyPlus calculation engine, which enabled us to analyze the strengths of building parameters such as the number of lights, the equipment used, occupancy, temperature and the relationships between the factors influenced. EnergyPlus is an important software tool in the field of building energy efficiency, enabling the precise simulation of building energy consumption. Simulation scenarios based on actual consumption data carried out by researchers have made it possible to develop energy management strategies in buildings in order to optimize energy efficiency, and in particular to promote the thermal performance of these buildings. In the present work, EnergyPlus building energy simulation software is used to simulate the energy consumption of the building of the Faculty of Electrical Engineering at the "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University in Iasi, in order to determine the factors influencing building energy consumption. It has been shown that occupancy and heating and cooling systems are the key factors influencing energy consumption in buildings. The advantage of this study is that it can be used to model the most influential factors in predicting future energy consumption in buildings.
Simple Dynamic Visualization of Memristor-Based Synaptic Plasticity in a Simulated Neural Network
Authors: Montgomery Richard
Published: May 2024

This article presents a novel computational approach to visualizing memristor dynamics within a simulated neural network. Memristors, known for their ability to emulate synaptic plasticity due to their variable resistance characteristics, are key components in neuromorphic computing and hold potential for advancing our understanding of neural processes. Our study introduces a sophisticated memristor model that incorporates non-linear resistance changes, simulating the complex behavior of synaptic connections in a neural network.The neural network, consisting of multiple interconnected neurons with memristor-based synapses, is subjected to a series of electrical stimuli. Each memristor's resistance is modulated in response to the applied voltage, mimicking the synaptic weight adjustments that occur during learning and memory formation in biological neural networks. To effectively illustrate these changes, we employ a high-contrast color mapping scheme, where the varying resistance of each memristor is represented by distinct colors, providing a clear and intuitive visualization of synaptic modifications over time.Our simulation runs through multiple iterations, demonstrating how synaptic weights evolve in response to different input patterns. The use of an extended voltage range and increased scaling factors ensures pronounced changes in memristance, enhancing the visibility of synaptic adaptations. The resulting visualizations offer a compelling representation of how memristors can mimic the dynamic nature of biological synapses, contributing to the field of neuromorphic engineering and deepening our comprehension of neural mechanisms underlying learning and memory.This work not only showcases the potential of memristors in simulating neural behavior but also provides a valuable educational tool for illustrating complex concepts in neuroscience and neuromorphic computing. The insights gained from this study pave the way for further exploration into the development of advanced neural network models and the design of memristor-based computing systems.
Modern Management of Pregnancy in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: From Prenatal Counselling to Postpartum Support
Authors: Gamba Anna , Zen Margherita , Depascale Roberto , Calligaro Antonia , Gatto Mariele , Iaccarino Luca , Doria Andrea
Published: May 2024

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease that predominantly affects women in the childbearing age. Pregnancy in SLE patients poses unique challenges due to the po-tential impact on maternal and fetal outcomes. We provide an overview of the management of SLE during pregnancy, including pre-conception risk stratification and counselling, treatment, and disease activity monitoring. These assessments are critical to minimize maternal and fetal adverse events in SLE pregnant patients. Disease flares, preeclampsia, antiphospholipid syn-drome complications, and maternal mortality are the major risks for a woman with SLE during gestation. Timely treatment of SLE relapse, differentiation of preeclampsia from lupus nephritis, and tailored management for antiphospholipid syndrome are essential for a successful pregnan-cy. Fetal outcomes include neonatal lupus (NL), preterm birth, cesarean delivery, fetal growth re-striction (FGR), and small for gestational age (SGA) infants. We focused on NL, linked to mater-nal anti-Ro/SS-A and anti-La/SS-B antibodies, which can lead to various manifestations, partic-ularly cardiac abnormalities in newborns. While there is a common consensus regarding the pre-ventive effect of hydroxychloroquine, the role of echocardiographic monitoring and fluorinated steroid treatment is still debated. Finally, close postpartum monitoring and counseling for sub-sequent pregnancies are crucial aspects of care.
The Impact of Culture Negativity on the Outcomes of Revision Total Knee Arthroplasty for Chronic PJI
Authors: Ronan Emily M , Ruff Garrett , Ashkenazi Itay , Raymond Hayley , Cardillo Casey , Villa Jordan C , Schwarzkopf Ran , Aggarwal Vinay K
Published: May 2024

Culture-positive (CP) and culture-negative (CN) periprosthetic joint infections (PJI) remain a crucial area of research; however, current studies comparing these infections rely on unstandardized outcome reporting tools. Our study aimed to compare the outcomes of CP and CN PJI using the standardized Musculoskeletal Infection Society (MSIS) outcome reporting tool. We retrospectively reviewed 138 patients who were diagnosed with PJI and indicated for two-stage revision total knee arthroplasty (rTKA). The majority of patients in both CP and CN cohorts achieved infection control without the need for reoperation (54.1% and 62.5%, respectively). There was a significant difference in the overall distribution of MSIS outcomes (p=0.043), with a significantly greater rate of CN patients falling into Tier 1 (infection control without the use of suppressive antibiotics) (52.5% versus 29.6%, p=0.011). There was also a significant difference in the distribution of septic versus aseptic reoperations after 2nd stage (p=0.013), with more CP reoperations being septic and more CN reoperations being aseptic. The duration from 1st to 2nd stage was significantly shorter in the CN cohort (p=0.002). While overall infection control was similar between cohorts, these data suggest that the outcomes of two-stage rTKA are favorable in cases of CN PJI.