bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
How to ‘repair’ repair? A conceptual model to escalate repair as urgent or important
Authors: Rall Denise N.
Published: July 2024

Globally, the volume of clothing waste is now catastrophic in scale. Further, the manufacturing sector of fast fashion garments will soon produce over 100 billion garments per year. Fast fashion promotes wastefulness – during clothing production, laundering and the quick discard of used and even new clothing to landfills throughout the world. This article presents a model for the mechanism of repair to become activated as ‘urgent’ and ‘important’. Firstly, repair can be activated by the vector of trauma. Urgency comes through the exigencies of two life experiences, when trauma follows natural disaster and/or climate change. As summarized in the section on the environmental costs from fashion overproduction, natural disasters and climate change have impacted severely on global communities. In addition, trauma occurs when people’s lives are ‘disenfranchised’ outside the norms of social well-being. These marginal communities include refugees, migrant workers, trafficked slaves, prisoners and discrimination by race, colour, gender, sexual identity, religion and more. Secondly, repair can be activated through the vector of value. Clothing is cherished and repaired because of initial cost, sentimentality and family history. Here clothing encapsulates a process of nostalgia; from a mindset of ‘casting back’ where garments are indelibly linked to memories. This conceptual model for ‘repairing’ repair is not lightly proposed. Complications can arise when repair is delegated to ‘women’s work’ that undermines feminist theories. A model can be useful, but the key to any model’s efficacy is its application to real-world activities. Fast fashion further relocates clothing to static objects, as photos viewed quickly on social media. It is postulated here that this analysis of repair as urgent and important, when driven by vectors of trauma and value offers a re-evaluation of how to relocate repair as a vital pathway to lessen global fast fashion overproduction and overconsumption.
Una reflexión sobre el trastorno del espectro autista en la industria audiovisual
Authors: Rodríguez-Ucros Ángela María , Hernández-Pabón Juan Camilo , Palacios- Sánchez Leonardo
Published: July 2024

Se presenta una reflexión sobre seis productos audiovisuales desde 1988, con la película Rain Man, hasta 2023 con la serie The Good Doctor, en los cuales se logra evidenciar la transición de la percepción del Trastorno del Espectro Autista (TEA) en los últimos 35 años. De estos productos audiovisuales, cuatro están basados en personajes ficticios y dos en casos reales. Las obras de este tipo han venido aumentando en número, lo cual constituye un medio para la sensibilización y el conocimiento sobre este tema, pasando de un concepto de franca discapacidad a uno de habilidades diferentes. Estos productos pueden ser utilizados como medio informativo y educativo para las familias y personas cercanas a individuos afectados por esta condición.
THE BIRDS OF THE KANGEAN ISLANDS AND AN APPRAISAL OF THEIR CONSERVATION STATUS
Authors: Berryman Alex J. , Rutt Cameron L. , Irham Mohammad , Van Balen Sebastianus
Published: July 2024

The Kangean islands are a biologically poorly known archipelago situated in the Java Sea, Indonesia, approximately 120 km directly north of Bali. These islands host an avifauna comprising at least 13 endemic subspecies, two of which have by some sources recently been considered species. We combine historical published literature with our own surveys of the archipelago in 2007–2008, 2010 and 2023 to produce a complete list of the islands’ birds (n=140 species) and their distribution across the islands. We evaluate in more detail the conservation status of all endemic taxa, as well as several others we consider to be of concern. Despite its listing as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List, the endemic Kangean Tit-babbler Mixornis prillwitzi is highly tolerant of habitat degradation and is among the islands’ least threatened birds. However, because of trapping, the archipelago’s endemic taxon of Red-breasted Parakeet Psittacula alexandri kangeanensis, and its populations of Green Junglefowl Gallus varius and Common Hill Myna Gracula religiosa are likely at risk of extirpation. The endemic taxon of White-rumped Shama Copsychus malabaricus, sometimes afforded species rank as ‘Kangean Shama’ C. nigricauda, may already be (at least functionally) extinct in the main archipelago. We recommend longer and more detailed surveys of the islands’ birds, and that an effective protected area is established on main Kangean island, which hosts the largest area of remaining forest in the archipelago and most of its endemic taxa.
ANT SPECIES DIVERSITY (HYMENOPTERA, FORMICIDAE) IN THE PURWODADI BOTANICAL GARDENS, EAST JAVA, INDONESIA
Authors: ITO Fuminori , Yamane Seiki , Eguchi Katsuguchi , Noerdjito Woro A. , Erniwati Erniwati , Kahono Sih
Published: July 2024

The ant species diversity in tropical Asia has been investigated in several locations, however, these studies mainly focused on well preserved forests or plantations. The ant fauna in urban parks has only been investigated in a limited number of locations in Singapore, Hong Kong, Macao, and Indonesia. We investigated the ant fauna in the Purwodadi Botanical Gardens, East Java, and compared it to the ant fauna obtained in the Bogor Botanical Gardens. In the Purwodadi Botanical Gardens, we employed the following sampling methods that were also carried out in Bogor: (1) visual searching of ants on tree trunks, (2) visual searching of litter and top-soil ants by hand sifting (3) visual searching of ant colonies, (4) visual searching of foraging workers. In total, 109 species in 44 genera from 9 subfamilies were collected. The number of species collected from litter and soil in Purwodadi was remarkably smaller than that in Bogor, while the ant species diversity on tree trunks was similar to that of Bogor. Of the109 species, 68 were common to Bogor. Arboreal ants were more similar than ground ants between Bogor and Purwodadi.
Peran Screen Time pada Kesiapan Bersekolah Anak Usia Prasekolah
Authors: Fathan Fariz Dwi , Sekartini Rini
Published: July 2024

Latar belakang. Kesiapan bersekolah merupakan hal yang sangat penting karena berpengaruh positif terhadap kemampuan anak untuk lulus dari sekolah dasar. Salah satu faktor yang memengaruhi kesiapan bersekolah adalah screen time. Penelitian sebelumnya menunjukkan bahwa terdapat asosiasi antara peningkatan screen time dan kesiapan bersekolah anak. Tujuan. Penelitian ini betujuan untuk menentukan hubungan antara screen time dan kesiapan bersekolah pada anak usia prasekolah.Metode. Desain penelitian potong lintang digunakan pada siswa Taman Kanak-kanak Negeri Menteng 01 dan Negeri Cilacap untuk mencari hubungan antara kedua variabel. Penelitian dilakukan dengan membandingkan jumlah screen time subjek per hari menggunakan kuesioner Small Q (Surveillance of digital media habits in early childhood questionnaire) dengan hasil pemeriksaan kesiapan bersekolah anak menggunakan kuesioner Brigance Early Childhood Screens III untuk anak 3-5 tahun.Hasil. Penelitian ini memperoleh 69 subjek, 16 subjek berusia empat tahun (23,18%) dan 53 subjek berusia lima tahun (76,81%), 33 orang subjek berkelamin laki-laki (47,82%) dan orang subjek 36 berkelamin perempuan (52,17%). Mayoritas memiliki orang tua dengan pendidikan terakhir SMA (50,84%) dan S1 (30,5%). Hasil menunjukkan bahwa 37 dari 69 subjek memiliki screen time yang lebih (53,62%) dan 19 dari 69 subjek belum siap bersekolah (27,53%). Hasil analisis hubungan antara screen time terhadap kesiapan bersekolah tidak menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang bermakna secara statistik (p=0,328).Kesimpulan. Screen time tidak berhubungan langsung dengan kesiapan bersekolah pada anak usia prasekolah karena masih terdapat banyak faktor lainnya yang turut berperan dalam kesiapan bersekolah.
Hubungan Penyakit yang Mendasari dengan Status Antropometri pada Pasien Poli Anak Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Saiful Anwar Malang
Authors: Alifia Rania Sofie , Puryatni Anik , Melinda Melinda , Tjahjono Harjoedi Adji
Published: July 2024

Latar belakang. Status antropometri merupakan parameter nutrisi anak yang dinilai berdasarkan indeks antropometri sesuai dengan Permenkes Nomor 2 Tahun 2020. Penelitian terdahulu menunjukkan bahwa status antropometri berkaitan dengan penyakit infeksi dan non-infeksi melalui beberapa mekanisme.Tujuan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara penyakit yang mendasari, baik infeksi maupun non-infeksi, dengan status antropometri.Metode. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain analitik observasional dan rancangan kohort. Sampel diambil dari data registrasi pasien di poli anak Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Dr. Saiful Anwar Malang selama periode Agustus 2022 hingga Oktober 2022. Kriteria inklusi adalah pasien yang berusia 0-18 tahun, menderita penyakit infeksi atau non-infeksi, dan memiliki catatan medis lengkap. Pasien dengan catatan medis yang tidak lengkap atau menderita penyakit infeksi dan non-infeksi sekaligus dikeluarkan dari penelitian.Hasil. Dari 532 anak yang menjadi sampel, sebagian besar berusia 5-18 tahun (56,77%) dan menderita penyakit non-infeksi (82,89%). Sebagian besar anak dengan penyakit infeksi memiliki berat badan normal (61,9%), tinggi normal (54,8%), dan status gizi baik (76,2%) pada usia 0-60 bulan, serta status gizi baik (67,3%) pada usia 5-18 tahun. Anak dengan penyakit non-infeksi juga sebagian besar memiliki berat badan normal (63,3%), tinggi normal (54,8%), dan status gizi baik (66%) pada usia 0-60 bulan, serta status gizi baik (61,7%) pada usia 5-18 tahun. Metode analisis menggunakan uji likelihood menunjukkan bahwa nilai p pada semua variabel lebih dari 0,05.Kesimpulan. Tidak ditemukan hubungan yang signifikan antara penyakit yang mendasari, baik infeksi maupun non-infeksi, dengan status antropometri pada anak.
Neutrofil Limfosit Rasio sebagai Prognosis Kelangsungan Hidup Anak dengan Osteosarkoma
Authors: Ramadhan Qeis , Riza Muhammad , Kawuryan Diah Lintang
Published: July 2024

Latar belakang: Osteosarkoma merupakan suatu keganasan yang terjadi pada tulang panjang dan dapat menyebabkan kematian. Berbagai penanda inflamasi sistemik dan kondisi nutrisi sudah digunakan dalam menilai prognosis seorang pasien dengan osteosarkoma. Namun marker dan penilaian nutrisi tersebut membutuhkan pemeriksaan laboratorium yang tidak rutin dilakukan pada anak dengan osteosarkoma dan memakan biaya. Sehingga penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penggunaan marker inflamasi dan penilaian status nutrisi dengan pengukuran lingkar lengan atas (LILA) yang rutin dikerjakan dan tidak memakan biaya tambahan.Tujuan: Menganalisa penggunaan neutrofil limfosit rasio (NLR) sebagai prognosis kelangsungan hidup anak dengan osteosarkoma dan menganalisa hubungan usia dan status gizi dalam mempengaruhi kelangsungan hidup anak dengan osteosarkomaMetode: Penelitian ini merupakan studi observational analitik dengan pendekatan analisis retrospektif pada 30 anak dengan osteosarkoma yang terdiagnosis pada periode Januari 2018 – Desember 2021 di rumah sakit dr. Moewardi Surakarta. Data diambil berdasarkan rekam medis dari rumah sakit dr. Moewardi dan data anak osteosarkoma dari divisi hemato – onkologi ilmu kesehatan anak rumah sakit dr. MoewardiHasil: Pada pasien dengan NLR ? 2 mempunyai kesintasan sebesar 14.9 bulan, sedangkan pada pasien dengan NLR < 2 mempunyai kesintasan sebesar 22 bulan. Tidak didapatkan adanya perbedaan yang bermakna pada usia dan LILA antara pasien yang hidup dan meninggal duniaKesimpulan: Didapatkan pasien dengan nilai NLR ? 2 mempunyai prognosis yang lebih buruk dibandingkan dengan nilai NLR < 2. Tidak didapatkan adanya pengaruh usia dan status gizi pada saat awal pasien terdiagnosis osteosarkoma terhadap prognosis pasien tersebut
Kejadian Respiratory Distress Syndrome pada Bayi Lahir Prematur di Rumah Sakit Hasan Sadikin Bandung
Authors: Kadi Fiva Aprilia , Paramita Ajeng Anggia , Rakhmilla Lulu Eva
Published: July 2024

Latar belakang. Respiratory Distress Syndrome adalah masalah serius yang menyebabkan morbiditas dan mortalitas tinggi pada bayi prematur. Beberapa faktor risiko, antara lain, jenis kelamin laki-laki, ibu dengan diabetes melitus, ketuban pecah dini, hipertensi, usia ibu <20 tahun, persalinan sesar, berat lahir <2500 gram, dan paritas.Tujuan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi kejadian Respiratory Distress Syndrome pada bayi prematur.Metode. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional analitik dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Subjek dipilih secara consecutive sampling dari data rekam medis. Kriteria inklusi adalah bayi berusia kurang dari 37 minggu dan kriteria eksklusi bayi kembar, bayi dengan sepsis, serta data rekam medis yang tidak lengkap. Dari 872 data didapatkan sampel 361 bayi yang memenuhi kriteria. Analisis data menggunakan uji univariat, bivariat (Chi-square), dan multivariat (regresi logistik).Hasil. Analisis bivariat menunjukkan bahwa usia ibu ?20 tahun, usia kehamilan <28 minggu, berat lahir <2500 gram, dan jenis kelamin laki-laki memiliki hubungan signifikan. Analisis multivariat menunjukkan dua faktor risiko signifikan: (1) Usia ibu <20 tahun memiliki pengaruh lebih besar dalam pencegahan dibandingkan dengan usia ibu ?20 tahun (p=0,000; OR IK95%: 0,089-0,402), dan (2) Berat lahir bayi <2500 gram meningkatkan risiko lebih dari tiga kali lipat untuk mengalami Respiratory Distress Syndrome dibandingkan dengan berat lahir ?2500 gram (p=0,024; OR IK95%: 1,162-8,872).Kesimpulan. Faktor risiko kejadian Respiratory Distress Syndrome pada bayi prematur sangat erat kaitannya dengan kondisi ibu dan bayi, seperti usia ibu, berat lahir, usia kehamilan, dan jenis kelamin. Dalam penelitian ini tidak ditunjukkan hubungan signifikan akibat faktor lain, seperti Diabetes Melitus, hipertensi, PROM, paritas, dan jenis persalinan.
Restorative Justice as a New (Sustainable) Paradigm of Justice
Authors: De Gioia Carabellese Pierre , Della Giustina Camilla
Published: July 2024

Not only is restorative justice (RJ) an increasingly developing area within scholarly debate, it is also a field where legislation is making significant progress. It is in statutes that practical solutions need to be sought out and eventually enshrined in law in order to accommodate individuals’ demands for justice. Therefore, in a scenario where the economic impact of a traditional judicial matter may “skyrocket” to egregious levels, RJ may well represent a new and alternative model for the judicial system. Against this backdrop, this article, first and foremost, discusses and analyses the history and evolution of RJ. Thereafter, attention is turned towards the most recent applications of RJ, such as for the resolution of family conflict.
Keywords: restorative justice; legal costs; comparative analysis; United Kingdom; Scotland; Italy.
Jury Reform and Live Deliberation Research
Authors: Ross Lewis
Published: July 2024

Researchers face perennial difficulties in studying live jury deliberation. As a result, the academic community struggles to reach a consensus on key matters of legal reform concerning jury trials. The hurdles faced by empirical jury researchers are often legal or institutional. This note argues that the legal and institutional barriers preventing live deliberation research should be removed and discusses two forms that live deliberation research could take.
Keywords: jury research; jury trial; criminal procedure; live deliberation research; rape myths.
Child Q, School Searches and Children’s Rights
Authors: Flacks Simon
Published: July 2024

The troubling case of “Child Q”, regarding a black girl who was strip-searched at her school while on her period in 2020, highlighted the discriminatory and often brutal treatment experienced by young people at the hands of the police. This commentary considers the response to the incident, focusing on the local authority’s use of a children’s rights framework to assess the actions of both police and schoolteachers. It compares the scrutiny of police powers to stop and search minors in public with the lack of focus on powers to search pupils in schools, noting the potential for disproportionality and the need for systematic data collection. It draws attention away from the focus on individual police failures and towards systematic problems with disciplining school pupils, focusing on suspicions about drug use—and the smell of cannabis specifically—as a potential source of inequitable outcomes.
Keywords: drugs; racism; education; policing; exclusions.
International Surrogacy and Stateless Children
Authors: Iliadou Marianna
Published: July 2024

This article examines statelessness resulting from international surrogacy arrangements by exploring whether there is protection afforded under international law and the overall consequences of statelessness for surrogate-born children. The aim of this contribution is to shed light on the statelessness problem in view of recent developments in the field. In particular, for an updated and holistic approach to surrogacy and statelessness, this contribution advocates for the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child 1989 (UNCRC) to be read in conjunction with the recently established Verona Principles. These Principles are specifically designed for international surrogacy, able to complement the existing UN protection, and it is argued that a combined reading of the UNCRC and the Verona Principles provides stronger protection of children’s rights. In addition, this contribution aspires to bridge the gap between legal and other consequences of statelessness, with the latter often overlooked in the context of surrogate-born children.
To explore the above, this article first addresses the phenomenon of statelessness for children born through international surrogacy via an examination of conflicting laws and international surrogacy cases. The article then discusses how this state of affairs infringes the rights of the surrogate-born children, and in particular the right to acquire a nationality (Article 7 UNCRC). It is also submitted that, for surrogacy, Article 7 UNCRC should be read in conjunction with the recently established Verona Principles for a more holistic protection. Finally, this article examines the harmful effects that result from the surrogate-born children’s statelessness, advocating for a more comprehensive approach that goes beyond the strictly legal consequences of statelessness.
Keywords: surrogacy; statelessness; UNCRC; nationality; citizenship; cross-border assisted reproduction.
The UNCRC and the Holy See
Authors: Danisi Carmelo , Caprara Tomas
Published: July 2024

This contribution analyses the complex problems arising from the application of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC) to the Holy See. Taking the continuous scandal of sexual abuses on children within the Catholic Church as a case study, it highlights the still persistent tension within international law between the protection of sovereignty and the full enjoyment of human rights, including children’s rights. To this end, after a preliminary analysis of the Holy See’s sui generis international legal personality, this contribution investigates two issues that prevent the Holy See from being held responsible for violation of children’s rights under international law. First, it examines the attribution of the conduct of local bishops/priests accused of sexual abuses worldwide to the Holy See, also in light of Pope Francis’ latest institutional reforms. Second, it addresses the immunity granted to the Holy See in these circumstances, thus questioning the rationale of such immunity when children are involved. Indeed, this article argues that, despite the Holy See having ratified the UNCRC (Article 34 of which calls on parties to protect the child from all forms of sexual exploitation and sexual abuse), children’s rights and their best interests are generally ignored when the sexual abuse plague within the Church is encountered in international fora.
Keywords: UNCRC; Holy See; Vatican City State; international law of responsibility; immunity; sexual abuses.
Ambientes alimentarios en el hogar: un área de oportunidad para la investigación y la intervención en nutrición y dietética en adultos y personas mayores.
Authors: Troncoso-Pantoja Claudia , Petermann-Rocha Fanny , Lozano-Lorca Macarena , Kammar-García Ashuin , Pérez-Armijo Patricio , García-Galbis Manuel Reig , Apolinar-Jiménez Evelia , Fernández Villa Tania , Gamero Amparo , Pérez-López Alberto , Pérez-Esteve Édgar , Girón-Hernández Joel , Almendra-Pegueros Rafael
Published: July 2024

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The Effectiveness of Blended Learning in Improving Students' Self-Regulated Learning in Islamic Religious Education Subjects
Authors: Bulqia Mas'ud  , Hajina  , Darwis
Published: July 2024

In the era of the Industrial Revolution 4.0, leveraging technology in education is crucial. Self-Regulated Learning (SRL), which entails individuals' ability to understand and control their learning environment, fostering independence and responsibility, can be influenced by the blended learning model. This study, employing a mixed-methods design and a pre-experimental design for the quantitative phase, aimed to examine the impact of blended learning on SRL. Data were collected via questionnaires and analyzed with paired sample t-tests. The results showed that (1) the descriptive analysis of the SRL pre-test of students indicates that the highest percentage was in the medium category with 85% students; (2) the results of the SRL post-test proved that the highest percentage is in the low category with 63% students; and (3) the results of the paired sample t-test showed the value of sig. (2-trailed) < alpha (0.007 < 0.05). The statistical analysis confirmed a significant difference between pre-test and post-test scores, suggesting that the blended learning model was not effective in enhancing SRL among students in Islamic Education at SMKN 7 Majene. Observations and interviews revealed that students' lack of self-regulated learning was due to inadequate technological resources and challenges in using Google Classroom, which was a novel experience for students and hindered their ability to access materials and submit assignments.
Abstrak
Era revolusi industri 4.0, pemanfaatan teknologi dalam dunia pendidikan sangatlah penting. Self-Regulated Learning (SRL), yang melibatkan kemampuan individu untuk memahami dan mengontrol lingkungan belajar mereka, menumbuhkan kemandirian dan tanggung jawab, dapat dipengaruhi oleh model pembelajaran campuran. Penelitian ini, yang menggunakan desain metode campuran dan desain pra-eksperimental untuk fase kuantitatif, bertujuan untuk menguji dampak pembelajaran campuran pada SRL. Data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner dan dianalisis dengan uji-t sampel berpasangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) analisis deskriptif pre-test SRL mahasiswa menunjukkan bahwa persentase tertinggi berada pada kategori sedang dengan jumlah 85% mahasiswa; (2) hasil post-test SRL membuktikan bahwa persentase tertinggi berada pada kategori rendah dengan jumlah 63% mahasiswa; (3) hasil uji-t sampel berpasangan menunjukkan nilai sig. (2-tailed) < alpha (0,007 < 0,05). Analisis statistik mengkonfirmasi perbedaan yang signifikan antara skor pre-test dan post-test, menunjukkan bahwa model pembelajaran blended learning tidak efektif dalam meningkatkan SRL di kalangan siswa pada pelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam di SMKN 7 Majene. Pengamatan dan wawancara mengungkapkan bahwa kurangnya pembelajaran secara mandiri disebabkan oleh sumber daya teknologi yang tidak memadai dan tantangan dalam menggunakan Google Classroom, yang merupakan pengalaman baru bagi siswa dan menghambat kemampuan mereka untuk mengakses materi dan mengumpulkan tugas.
Rho GTPase Rac1: Molecular Switch within the Galectin Network and for N-Glycan α2,6-Sialylation/O-Glycan Core 1 Sialylation in Colon Cancer in Vitro
Authors: André S. , Singh T. , Lacal J. C. , Smetana K. , Gabius Hans-Joachim
Published: July 2024

The Rho GTPase Rac1 is a multifunctional protein working through different effector pathways. The emerging physiological significance of glycanlectin recognition gives reason to testing the possibility for an influence of modulation of Rac1 expression on these molecular aspects. Using human colon adenocarcinoma (SW620) cells genetically engineered for its up- and down-regulation (Rac1+and Rac1–cells) along with wild-type and mock-transfected control cells, the questions are addressed whether the presence of adhesion/growth-regulatory galectins and distinct aspects of cell surface glycosylation are affected. Proceeding from RT-PCR data to Western blotting after two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and flow cytofluorimetry with non-crossreactive antibodies against six members of this lectin family (i.e. galectins-1, -3, -4, -7, -8 and -9), a reduced extent of the presence of galectins-1, -7 and -9 was revealed in the case of Rac1–cells. Application of these six galectins as probes to determination of cell reactivity for human lectins yielded relative increases in surface labelling of Rac1–cells with galectins-1, -3 and -7. Examining distinct aspects of cell surface glycosylation with a panel of 14 plant/fungal lectins disclosed a decrease in α2,6-sialylation of N-glycans and an increase in PNA-reactive sites (i.e. non-sialylated core 1 O-glycans), two alterations known to favour reactivity for galectins-1 and -3. Thus, manipulation of Rac1 expression selectively affects the expression pattern within the galectin network at the level of proteins and distinct aspects of cell surface glycosylation.
Women in Local Politics: A Case Study of Poznań and the Wielkopolska Regional Assembly, 2018–2022
Authors: Kaczmarek Filip
Published: July 2024

The purpose of the study was to examine the participation of women in local government and local politics in the city of Poznań. The study used the method of quantitative analysis that focused on actions taken by female councilors of the City of Poznań and the Wielkopolska Province, including their interpellations and inquiries, and functions held by women in the two local governments. Moreover, the analysis covered political role indicators used in the study by the European Charter on Equality of Women and Men in Local Life. The study considered the period from the beginning of the current local government term (November 2018) to December 31, 2022. It also utilized data published in the Public Information Bulletins of the City of Poznań and the Local Government of the Wielkopolska Province.
Threat of Biowarfare from Recent Genome Editing Advancements
Authors: Ballais Baylee
Published: July 2024

Genes are foundational to all organisms, yet their specific makeup is left to chance. Genome editing technologies, such as CRISPR, allow scientists to manipulate the gene and rid it of disease-causing mutations. Recent advancements have rendered current authority inefficacious in ensuring biosecurity. Nations could create “designer diseases” to infect others while protecting their own. The use and access to genome editing technologies must be controlled to restrict their use as biological weapons.
Standardization Gaps in European Disaster Management
Authors: Vollmer Maike , Berchtold Claudia , Sakkas Georgios , Tsaloukidis Ioannis , Kazantzidou-Firtinidou Danai , Woitsch Pertti , Perilä Jaakko
Published: July 2024

The management of large-scale disasters, caused for example by natural hazards, industrial accidents or terror attacks, requires collaboration of different types of organizations. The organizations can use different equipment and tools, follow different strategies and procedures, or have different understandings of relevant terms. These differences, increasingly complex when it comes to international cooperation, can cause severe lack of interoperability that can result in vital time delays. An approach to increase interoperability in European disaster management is to standardize solutions, such as technical tools, procedures or terminology. However, standardization is not always trivial, in some cases it is impossible, in others there are challenges to overcome. In context of an EU initiative to facilitate and push standardization across all fields of European disaster management, an initial step was to gather standardization gaps in a comprehensive manner. Standardization gaps are the result of comparing end-users’ standardization needs with existing standards. Selected results of the gap analysis are presented in this article, and put into context of the general structure of disaster management standardization. Related challenges such as the proper involvement of all relevant stakeholders, and specific characteristics of the disaster management domain are addressed, and suggestions for a way forward are provided.
Cross-Border and Transboundary Resilience
Authors: Adrot Anouck , Buscher Monika , Fiedrich Frank , Rigaud Eric , Wiens Marcus
Published: July 2024

In recent years, resilience at and across borders has become a major concern. However, borders are characterized by complexity, emergence and creativity. This implies the need to better understand how disasters and their inherent risks are practically handled in cross-border regions. In this special issue, a diverse range of articles explore the operational, social, and technological challenges inherent to cross-border resilience.
On universality in short intervals for zeta-functions of certain cusp forms
Authors: Laurinčikas Antanas , Šiaučiūnas Darius
Published: July 2024

In this paper, we consider universality in short intervals for the zeta-function attached to a normalized Hecke-eigen cusp form with respect to the modular group. For this, we apply a conjecture for the mean square in short interval on the critical strip for that zeta-function. The proof of the obtained universality theorem is based on a probabilistic limit theorem in the space of analytic functions.
The Analog Ends of Science: Investigating the Analogy of the Laws of Nature Through Object-Oriented Ontology and Ontogenetic Naturalism
Authors: Tewers Micah
Published: July 2024

This article investigates the analogy of the “laws of nature” through Graham Harman’s Object-Oriented Ontology (OOO) and Gilbert Simondon’s ontogenetic naturalism (ON). Both thinkers challenge the literalist interpretation of scientific knowledge by emphasizing the indirect nature of relation and the primacy of the autonomy of discrete beings over pre-established physical laws. Harman’s OOO defends this autonomy as the irreducible independence of objects from their relations, while Simondon focuses on the modulation of information in shaping the laws of nature through individuation. The article argues that while science remains the best recursive triangulation between logic and empirical evidence, its grasp of an ultimate, literal Truth is constricted by an epistemological relation to autonomous realities, grounded in analogy. Consequently, the laws of nature are considered as legislated by discrete autonomies, with space and time emerging from the things themselves. The article concludes by discussing the consequences of this reframing in light of the ancient conception of díkēkosmos (cosmic justice).
Besetzte Umwelt
Authors: Nagornaia Oksana
Published: July 2024

Der Aufsatz untersucht den Zusammenhang von Raum, Umwelt und Krieg am Beispiel der wiederholten Besetzungen (Ost-)Galiziens durch russische Truppen im Ersten Weltkrieg. Von besonderer Bedeutung ist dabei das spannungsvolle Verhältnis zwischen den Bemühungen, die eroberte Region in das Zarenreich zu integrieren, und zugleich den militärischen Notwendigkeiten des Kriegsgeschehens Rechnung zu tragen. Dabei wurde die Umwelt unter den Bedingungen des industriellen Kriegs zwangsläufig militarisiert: Man holzte die Wälder ab und überflutete die Flusstäler aus operativen Überlegungen heraus; dazu kam die Verseuchung der Böden durch Kampfstoffe, Leichen und Kadaver. Die Angst vor Epidemien führte rasch zu einer Medikalisierung des Okkupationsregimes; dabei blieb eine Radikalisierung der Besatzungspraxis bis zu einer Politik der verbrannten Erde nicht aus.
A hegységképződéstől a karsztokig. Beszélgetés Veress Mártonnal [Interjú] = From Mountain Formation to Karsts: Conversation with Márton Veress [Interview]
Authors: Pusztai-Eredics Alexandra ,   Department of Geography, University of ELTE, Berzsenyi Dániel Teacher Training Centre, Mitre Zoltán ,   University of Pécs, Faculty of Sciences, Doctoral School of Earth Sciences
Published: July 2024

Márton Veress was born on February 7, 1946 in Szombathely, Hungary. He graduated from the József Attila University as a teacher of Biology and Geography. He became the doctor of Hungarian Academy of Sciences in 2004. He has been active in karst research since the mid-1970s, where his main research area was karst morphology, including the study of covered karsts and karren. He received various awards and prizes, including the Knight’s Cross of the Order of Merit of the Republic of Hungary in 2009, and the title of Professor Emeritus in 2016. The semi-structured interview was conducted in February 2023 at the ELTE Savaria University Centre. The purpose of this conversation is to gain a better understanding of the important moments in the professor’s life, and of the milieu that played a role in shaping his professional career. The interview also aims to present the virtues, challenges and tasks of Hungarian geography through the experiences of this article.
Challenges to participatory development: The Mongolian example
Authors: Uuganbayar Unurmaa
Published: July 2024

The aim of the study is to identify some barriers to strengthening direct citizen participation in Local Development Funds, a mechanism to involve local people at the decision-making level by evaluating public participation. The IAP2 Public Participation Spectrum, developed by the International Association for Public Participation was used in the study. This study will contribute to explaining citizens' participation level in LDF. The results may suggest potential legislative and structural changes for the fund and defining new community social worker roles in Mongolia. Furthermore, the results will clarify what actions are needed for sub-administrative units to increase citizens’ participation.
Entre redes y anarquistas: mujeres en el Partido Liberal Mexicano y en Regeneración, 1907-1913
Authors: López Ruiz Gabriela
Published: July 2024

A pesar de que se han realizado distintas investigaciones históricas sobre los anarquistas mexicanos y la prensa ácrata; falta profundizar aún más en la importancia de sus relaciones, la participación de las mujeres y realización de actividades para mantener su práctica editorial; que no se agotó en publicar semanalmente un periódico. Es necesario analizar cómo hicieron posible esa práctica, con qué estrategias, con qué recursos, actividades; así como los cambios y continuidades que se observan. La historia transnacional permite rastrear a este grupo y su cultura política: la circulación de ideas, personas, imágenes, conexiones, contactos, discursos, y transferencias culturales que no estan delimitados por un ámbito nacional sino que constituyen espacios amplios, abiertos y sin límites fijos.
Ofício de historiador: apontamentos sobre Micro-História e Espacialidade
Authors: Santos Francisco Wilton Moreira dos
Published: July 2024

A Micro-História pode oferecer possibilidades para novas interpretações do mundo a partir da alteração das escalas de observação, discutidas em torno de diferenças materiais e simbólicas. Nesse sentido, almeja-se uma construção que envolva análises dualísticas, polarizadas ou simplificadas, possibilitando, por meio de sua prática, perceber aspectos que nas abordagens convencionais podem passar despercebidos. Propomos discutir as bases epistemológicas da história escrita ancoradas na Micro-História, buscando evidenciar alguns temas, tensões, aproximações e distanciamentos nesta tarefa historiográfica. Dentre os diversos temas, pretendemos enfatizar a produção de dois espaços fronteiriços numa perspectiva micro-histórica, discutindo as relações entre a Micro-História Translocal e a História Global.
Matilde Souto Mantecón y Daniel Kent Carrasco (coords.), Miradas Globales desde América Latina. Estudios históricos más allá de lo nacional
Authors: Galindo Domínguez José Antonio
Published: July 2024

Reseña a: Matilde Souto Mantecón y Daniel Kent Carrasco (coords.), Miradas Globales desde América Latina. Estudios históricos más allá de lo nacional
El privilegio de ser una ciudad de indios: Tzintzuntzan en el periodo virreinal
Authors: Paniagua Aguilar Nicolás
Published: July 2024

La antigua capital tarasca de Tzintzuntzan, siguió teniendo una historia muy interesante, pero poco contada después de la llegada de los españoles, más aún, después del traslado de las sedes eclesiásticas y civiles a la vecina ciudad de Pátzcuaro. La presente investigación, pretende dar un vistazo de la historia posterior que va desde el siglo XVI hasta el XVIII, resaltando puntos importantes como lo son el título de Ciudad de Indios, su ‘tradición’ tumultuaria, la evolución territorial de su jurisdicción, su evolución poblacional (y las consecuentes interacciones entre sus etnias). Todo lo anterior fue el resultado de una lucha constante por mantener, en la medida de lo posible, sus privilegios en vigor, a pesar de las presiones externas.
José Vasconcelos. Ideario de acción: Discursos, artículos, cartas, documentos 1920-1924
Authors: Luis-López Alberto
Published: July 2024

Reseña del libro "José Vasconcelos: Ideario de acción. Discursos, artículos, cartas, documentos 1920-1924". Selección e introducción de Raúl Trejo Villalobos, Cámara de Diputados, México, 2022.
BALKAN HARBİ ÖNCESİNDE BÜYÜK GÜÇLER ARENASINDA FRANSA’NIN DİPLOMATİK YAKLAŞIMI
Authors: Uygur Fatma
Published: July 2024

XIX. yüzyıla hâkim olan liberalizm/ulusçuluk benzeri akımlar çok uluslu Osmanlı Devleti üzerinde geç de olsa olumsuz etki yapmaya başlamıştır. Özellikle Balkanlarda baş gösteren özgürlükçü isyanlar 1877-1878 Osmanlı-Rus savaşıyla yeni bir safhaya geçmiştir. Büyük güçlerden Rusya ve Avusturya’nın bölgede örtüşen veya çatışan menfaatleri Balkan halklarının kaderi üzerinde başlı başına önemli bir faktör olmuştur. 1912’de kaotik bir ortamda pasif gibi görünen İngiltere’yi de yanına almaya çalışan Fransa Balkanlarda adeta Rusya’yı frenleme politikası uygulamıştır.
Öte yandan içerde ve dışarda birtakım gailelerle uğraşan Osmanlı Devleti ayakta kalmak için ciddi çabalarken uluslararası zeminde bir “denge politikası” yürütmeyi hedeflemiştir. Dışardan kışkırtılan ve kotarılan Balkan isyanları Osmanlı devletinin bir iç meselesiyken uluslararası bir hale dönüştüren “Büyük Güçler” “Avrupa uyumu” adına rekabet ve güç mücadelesine girmişlerdir. Bu mücadelenin en önemli araçlarından diplomasiyi kendi aralarında hararetle, kesintisiz ve bazen de gizlice sürdürmüşlerdir. Balkanlarda olası savaş durumunda “statükoyu” koruma tartışması yaparlarken Osmanlıya bölgede reform yaptırma konusunda katı bir tutum izleme kararı almışlardır.
Bu çalışmada, başta Fransa olmak üzere büyük güçlerin Balkan Savaşları öncesinde yürüttükleri diplomatik faaliyetler Fransız diplomatik belgelerine göre değerlendirilmiştir ve dönemin Fransız matbuatı da çalışmaya dâhil edilmiştir
Evaluation of nitrate in shallow groundwater at Pasirkoja of Bandung City, Indonesia, using the pollution index and the nitrate pollution index methods
Authors: Naily Wilda , Sunardi Sunardi , Asdak Chay , Hendarmawan Hendarmawan
Published: July 2024

Pasirkoja is an old residential area in Bandung City currently densely populated. Some people in Pasirkoja use shallow groundwater for washing and bathing, and some for cooking. Pollutants very easily pollute shallow groundwater, and nitrate is one of the pollutants found in shallow groundwater in residential areas. The water quality status was determined using the pollution index (PI) method based on a Decree of the Minister of Environment Number 115 of 2003 and the nitrate pollution index (NPI) to ascertain the shallow groundwater quality in Pasirkoja of Bandung City, Indonesia. The variables used in the PI method were pH, turbidity, total dissolved solids (TDS), nitrate, and nitrite, while the NPI method used the nitrate parameter. Shallow groundwater samples were taken during the rainy season and dry season. Based on the PI method, the results showed that the quality status of shallow groundwater at the research location is mostly lightly polluted in the rainy and dry seasons. Meanwhile, based on the NPI method, most are clean (not polluted). Differences in the quality status of shallow groundwater depend on the environmental conditions around which shallow groundwater samples were taken. The research results also showed that, based on the PI method, nitrate is not the main parameter that determines pollution at the research location.
Implication of the root growth and soil macropores distribution on sugarcane yield in Takalar, Indonesia
Authors: Safitri Wina , Ala Ambo , Gusli Sikstus , Salim Iqbal
Published: July 2024

This study examined the relationship between the decline in sugarcane productivity and the distribution of macropores and depth of root penetration in sugarcane plantations in Takalar during one planting period (October 2021-September 2022). There were five observation points (P1, P2, P3, P4, and P5) in one hectare of land to measure the distribution of soil macropores using methylene blue solution. Cross-sections of the soil were made to observe the presence of plant roots at a depth of 0-40 cm with a width of 60 cm. In each plot, disturbed soil samples were collected to measure soil texture, soil organic matter (SOM), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) contents. Other measurement parameters were the infiltration rate and plant productivity. The results indicated that SOM and NPK levels at the research location were deficient, serving as the first indicators of problematic soil. Macropore observations revealed that macropores were distributed only at a less than 10 cm soil depth. This distribution limited the penetration of plant roots to a depth of   0-40 cm. The root length density (RLD) value indicated the absence of roots at depths of 30-40 cm in plots P2 and P3. The field findings explained why sugarcane production in Takalar only achieved 50%, around 40 t ha-1 from the first ratoon sugarcane harvest, instead of the expected 70-80 t ha-1.
Soil amendments influence early plant survival and growth in reclamation of severely degraded lands by gold mining in the Peruvian Amazon
Authors: Herrera-Machaca Marx , Ancco-Mamani Carlos , Alarcon Aguirre Gabriel , Gonzales-Alvarado Antony Cristhian , Garate-Quispe Jorge Santiago
Published: July 2024

Gold mining has been causing the most severe impacts on the soils of the Peruvian Amazon. It has created challenges for their recovery. In this context, soil amendments could play a crucial role in plant establishment in post-mining soils. The study aimed to analyze the effects of two amendments on the early plant survival and growth of seven species in the reclamation of severely degraded lands by gold mining in the Southeastern Peruvian Amazon. The study was based on a completely randomized block design, including 2-amendment treatments (T1: sawdust + island guano manure and T2: T1 + organic soil + hydrogel) and a control. The plant survivorship, height growth, diameter growth, and biomass accumulation were measured. This study found that amendments may be effective at increasing survivorship and plant growth in degraded lands by gold mining in the Peruvian Amazon. The amendments increased the survival, diameter, height, and biomass of most plant species in the study. In general, survivorship and plant growth in T2 were high compared to T1. At the end of the experiment, the highest survivorship was for an Indigofera suffruticosa and Crotalaria pallida (>80%). The diameter growth was higher in T2 than in T1. The species growing fastest in diameter (>1.5 cm) were Crotalaria cajanifolia, C. pallida and Ochroma pyramidale. Soil amendments provided similar effects on height for most species except for I. suffruticosa. Therefore, C. pallida, I. suffruticosa, C. cajanifolia and O. pyramidale are key species to be considered in reforestation and/or restoration initiatives, due to its potential to acclimate and establish itself in severely degraded areas.
Optimizing coffee yields in agroforestry systems using WaNuLCAS model: A case study in Malang, Indonesia
Authors: Fitra Ahmad Ali Yuddin , Oakley Simon , Prayogo Cahyo , Ratna Sari Rika , Saputra Danny Dwi , Ishaq Rizqi Maulana , Suprayogo Didik
Published: July 2024

Agroforestry systems have significant potential for development in increasing coffee production in Indonesia. Besides providing economic benefits, agroforestry can also have ecological impacts, such as improving soil structure, reducing erosion, and other environmental services. There is a complex interaction between trees, soil, and crops in agroforestry systems, making modeling a valuable approach to unraveling these processes. We utilized the spatial and temporal explicit model WaNuLCAS to (i) evaluate the model's performance in depicting actual events (through coffee production and soil water content), (ii) assess the dynamic processes influencing coffee production and the environmental impact of management patterns, (iii) formulate and simulate optimal scenarios for coffee production optimization. Data from a one-year period involving five agroforestry management patterns for coffee-pine in UB Forest were used as input for the model. The model validation results showed satisfactory and acceptable outcomes for coffee production and groundwater dynamics. WaNuLCAS simulation results indicated that pruning and thinning management are crucial factors in increasing coffee production and are related to creating optimal conditions for coffee plants (light, humidity, and inter-plant competition). Additionally, fertilization management can be combined as a supporting factor to meet the nutritional needs of coffee plants. WaNuLCAS simulation results also suggested that pruning and thinning can improve soil physical properties, but thinning increases surface runoff within the system. This research provides insights into how modeling can be used as a decision-making tool.
A comprehensive survey exploring the application of machine learning algorithms in the detection of land degradation
Authors: Hediyalad Gangamma , Ashoka K , Hegade Govardhan , Gaonkar Pratibha Ganapati , Pathan Azizkhan F , Malagatti Pratibhaa R
Published: July 2024

Early and reliable detection of land degradation helps policymakers to take strict action in more vulnerable areas by making strong rules and regulations in order to achieve sustainable land management and conservation. The detection of land degradation is carried out to identify desertification processes using machine learning techniques in different geographical locations, which are always a challenging issue in the global field. Due to the significance of the detection of land degradation, this article provides an exhaustive review of the detection of land degradation using machine learning algorithms. Initially, the current status of land degradation in India is presented, along with a brief discussion on the overview of widely used factors, evaluation parameters, and algorithms used. Consequently, merits and demerits related to machine learning-based land degradation identification are presented. Additionally, solutions are prescribed in order to reduce existing problems in the detection of land degradation. Since one of the major objectives is to explore the future perspectives of machine learning-based land degradation detection, areas including the application of remote sensing, mapping, optimum features, and algorithms have been broadly discussed. Finally, based on a critical evaluation of existing related studies, the architecture of the machine learning-based desertification process has been proposed. This technology can fulfill the research challenges in the detection of land degradation and computation difficulties in the development of models for the detection of land degradation.