bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Caring Relationships and Evidence-Based Practice: Can They Coexist?
Authors: Duffy, Joanne R.
Published: September 2018

Caring relationships are central to nursing practice and have been preliminarily tied to patient outcomes (Duffy, 1992; Issel & Kahn, 1998; Larson & Ferketich, 1999). The quality-caring model (Duffy & Hoskins, 2003) describes caring relationships as the primary focus of professional nursing. Through independent and collaborative professional encounters, caring relationships are initiated, cultivated, and sustained. The phases of interaction, connection, and knowing the other are explored and depicted. Intrapersonal factors, time, and effective use of the clinical caring processes are discussed in terms of their influence on developing caring relationships. As a result of model testing, evidence will be generated to guide clinical interventions and ultimately influence quality health outcomes.
The Celtic Knot Project: A Holistic Nursing Intervention Teaching Strategy
Authors: Davis, Lisa A. , Bishop, Sara
Published: September 2018

Through the Celtic Knot Project, students learned that even the simple act of providing ice water to a patient addressed the mind, body, and spirit. It facilitated the students’ understanding of the holistic nature of nursing, the application of nursing interventions to achieve wellness, and the notion that each intervention can affect mind, body, and spirit collectively—that the whole is indeed more than the sum of its parts.
Development and Testing of the Caring Behaviors Inventory for Elders
Authors: Wolf, Zane Robinson , Zuzelo, Patti Rager , Costello, Roberta , Cattilico, Debra , Cooper, Kimberly A. , Crothers, Ruth , Karbach, Heather
Published: September 2018

The purpose of this study was to develop the caring behaviors inventory for elders (CBI-E), based on the caring behaviors inventory (CBI). Aconvenience sample (N = 36) of elders completed the instrument. Procedures to establish content validity, including item selection and revision, construct validity, reliability, and pilot testing were employed to establish the psychometric properties of the initial version of the 28-item CBI-E. Content validity of the expert type was established with six advanced practice nurses, expert in gerontological nursing. The investigators revised items following expert review; one item was eliminated. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was .94 for the overall CBI-E. The response scale was modified and several items were revised.
Aesthetic Expression
Authors: Rambur Betty
Published: September 2018

A nursing professor and dean recounts her first patient death in this scholarly personal narrative.
With Just a Little Bit of Love: Reflection on Dwelling with Kristin
Authors: Johns Christopher
Published: September 2018

Early nurse leaders identified compassion as a characteristic of a “good” nurse, while contemporary nurses identified caring as the single most important attribute of a nurse. If nursing accepts this premise, it is important to gather baseline data from applicants. Admission essays were analyzed for themes to determine how students described caring and compared to Sadler’s (1997) concept analysis of caring. Students described beginning levels of caring and drew relationships between caring and nursing. Essays may provide one method to garner baseline data, which can be used to facilitate the development of caring in students.
Discourse on Humanism in Nursing
Authors: Kleiman Susan
Published: September 2018

The purpose of this article is to discuss humanism as it is appropriated into nursing. The discussion evolves within the context of an anamnetic voyage into the past consciousness of a nurse who seeks to unconceal and illuminate knowledge of primordial truths resident in her lived experiences. Past experiences that excited consciousness to the “awe” of being in the world of nurses and nursing are recalled. The concepts of noetic locus, pathic touch, and concern, brought to light through the anamnetic inquiry, are described and defined. Astructure of humanism in nursing is articulated from these concepts and their interrelationships.
The Journey to Integrate Watson’s Caring - Theory with Clinical Practice
Authors: Ryan Linda A.
Published: September 2018

This article describes the process of integrating Jean Watson’s (1985, 1988, 1999) caring theory with nursing practice. Strategies to transition the theory from a multihospital system conceptual level to a departmental-specific operational level are discussed. Benefits and barriers in implementing nursing theory within the practice setting are also revealed.
Student Paper Caring for Self: A Prerequisite of Caring for Others
Authors: Mantesso Jaime
Published: September 2018

Nurses must adequately care for themselves before they can give quality care to their clients. Sherwood’s theory of caring as a reciprocal relationship incorporating the concepts of individuality, knowing, presence, and interacting for growth is applied to caring for oneself for the regeneration needed to facilitate effective nurse-client relationships characterized by caring. It is only by being in tune to care of self that a nurse can more fully address the needs of others through a caring mode of being that offers therapeutic attention to their clients. The explication of this conceptual model of nursing includes Sherwood’s commentary related to working with this junior nursing student.
The Politics of Caring: Using a Political Tool to Analyze and Intervene in the Implementation of a Caring Philosophy in a Montreal Hospital
Authors: Roch, Genevlève , Dallaire, Clémence , O’Neill, Michel , Roy, Marielle , Robinette Louise
Published: September 2018

Although many initiatives to establish caring practice models have been undertaken, few have benefited from an explicit analysis of the political environment where they were to be implemented. This article describes the use of a tool for political analysis and intervention to facilitate implementation of a caring philosophy approach into a major teaching hospital in the Montreal area. General comments on the use of politics and policy-making to put in place more caring environments are offered in the conclusion.
Nurses’ Communication with Patients: Examining Relational Communication Dimensions and Relationship Satisfaction
Authors: Finch, Linda P.
Published: September 2018

Effective communication between nurse and patient is paramount in establishing the relationship that provides the basis for patient care that influences healthcare outcomes. This study examined the dimensions of nurse-patient relational communication, identified the importance of nurses’ use of patient-preferred Relational Preference behaviors, and explored nurses’ satisfaction with nurse-patient interactions. The Nurse-Patient Communication Survey instrument asked nurses to recall a specific communication event with a patient. Responses implied a two-dimensional model of nurse-patient communication composed of caring and composure. Nurses had high levels of relational satisfaction that were positively and significantly associated with the use of Relational Preference behaviors. Post hoc testing revealed the caring communication dimension significantly contributed to nurses’ overall satisfaction with patient relationships.
The Pedagogy of Caring in Nursing Education
Authors: MacNeil, Melanie S. , Evans, Marilyn
Published: September 2018

This descriptive study explores the concept of caring in nursing education from the students’ perspective. Students were asked to share moments of caring that they experienced in a nursing course. A content analysis revealed a relational nature of humanistic caring demonstrated by the following themes: connectedness, presence, growth, and respect. Results identified caring as relational and being connected with other; that is, caring is grounded in nurse-educator-student relationships.
Swedish and American Nursing Students Use Journaling for Reflection: An International Student-Centered Learning Experience
Authors: Lepp, Margret , Zorn, CeCelia R. , Duffy, Patricia R.
Published: September 2018

The purpose of this research was to describe the reflections of 10 Swedish and U.S. baccalaureate nursing students who participated in a semester-long, student-centered, interactive video-conferencing (IVC) education project. Reflective journaling was incorporated as one of several learning strategies to enhance students’ personal and professional development. Principles of phenomenography were used to analyze the data; three categories, with two sub-categories in each, emerged from the journal data. Participation in this student-centered project spurred the students in both countries to reflect upon themselves, their transition, and their profession.
Cancer Patients’ Descriptions of Comforting and Discomforting Nursing Actions
Authors: Wilby, Mary L.
Published: September 2018

Ten hospitalized adults with cancer participated in a phenomenological investigation to determine defining characteristics of comfort and describe nursing actions that were comforting and discomforting. Information gathered from transcripts of audiotaped interviews yielded a description of comfort and comforting actions, including providing physical assistance with activities of daily living and anticipating physical needs. Monitoring or “checking in,” being present, and demonstrating genuine concern and understanding for patients were also identified as comforting actions.
Çalışanlarının gözünden Türkiye'deki belediyelerde su yönetimi
Authors: ÇAMUR Derya , İLTER Hüseyin , TOPBAŞ Murat
Published: September 2018

Amaç: Türkiye’de belediyelerde su yönetimi kapsamında yapılan çalışmaların ve su yönetimi konusunda çalışanların bu konudaki düşünce ve görüşlerinin belirlenmesidir. Yöntem:Tanımlayıcı tipteki bu çalışmada 481 belediyeden (büyükşehir, il, ilçe) 461’inde 461 çalışan ile görüşülmüştür (katılım orantısı %95,8). Veriler hazırlanan anket formu ile gözlem altında toplanmıştır. Bulgular: Katılımcıların %42.4’ünün asıl görevi su ile ilgili olmadığı halde su yönetimiyle ilgili işlerde çalıştığı; %78.6’sının su ve yönetimi konusunda herhangi bir eğitim almadığı saptanmıştır. Belediyelerin %0.7’sinde hiç su depo temizliği yapılmamaktadır. Depo temizliği yapan personelin %59.0’ı bu konuda bir eğitim almamıştır. Katılımcıların %97.6'sı kentlerinde su dezenfeksiyonu amacıyla halen klor kullanıldığı bilgisini vermişlerdir. Ancak %88.6'sı dezenfeksiyon için suların klorlanması gerektiğini düşünmektedir. Katılımcıların %10.0’ı bina içi su yapıları ile ilgili çalışma yaptıklarını ifade etmiştir. Belediyelerin %77.3’ünde park ve bahçelerin sulanmasında şebeke suyu kullanılmaktadır. Sonuç: Belediyelerde su yönetiminin tüm aşamalarında konuyla ilgili eğitim almış kişiler görevlendirilmeli; şebeke kontrolü ve su depoları gibi en uç noktadaki uygulamalarda eğitim almış sertifikalı personel istihdamı zorunlu hale getirilmelidir.
Hekimlerin sosyal medya kullanımı ve etik
Authors: AVCI Kadriye
Published: September 2018

Giderek artan kullanıcı sayısı ve kullanım alanı nedeniyle, sosyal medya günümüz iletişimindeki yerini giderek sağlamlaştırmıştır. Sosyal medya, sağlık hizmetlerinde bir devrim gerçekleştirmiş;sağlık konularında bireylerin öncelikli başvuru kaynağı haline gelmiş ve hekimler tarafından da yaygın olarak kullanmaktadır. Sosyal medyanın hekimler tarafından kullanılmasıyla birlikte, hekimlerin meslek ve özel yaşamları arasındaki hattın bulanıklığı gibi konular gündeme gelmeye başlamıştır. Ayrıca, sosyal medyanın kullanımı hekim-hasta ilişkileri ve etik gibi konular açısından bazı endişeleri gündeme getirmektedir. Bu raporda örneklerle sosyal medya kullanımında etik sorunlar ve sosyal medya kılavuzlarının hazırlanmasındaki temel başlıklar incelenmiştir.
“Kırk yedi yıl sonra yeniden bir salgının hikayesi: 1970 Sağmalcılar kolera salgınından günümüze dersler”e yanıt
Authors: DEDEOĞLU Necati
Published: September 2018

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Deviant Behaviors of Students: Let's Try to Decrypt the Messages
Authors: Hamdi Faten , Khalifa Wissam Ben , Bakkari Nabil , Zouaoui Mehrzia , Elloumi Ali
Published: September 2018

Both teachers of physical education or other disciplines are distraught by the deviant behavior of their students. In order to detect and study these behaviors as well as teachers' reactions, we opted for a case study based research of five students adopting different deviant behaviors.In fact, when conducting the case study of the five students, we were able to show how some of them suffered from the humiliation and belittlement of their teachers. Among the complex causes of challenging behaviors, there is the peculiar psychological history of each student. These behaviors are messages sent to adults (teachers), calls for help that we must not ignore, sanction them yes, but do not neglect them, it is better to take them seriously and seek to understand them and detect their causes in order to remedy it.When students adopt deviant behaviors, the main challenge for the teacher is to remain able to perceive behind these adolescent students, humans in the making and continue to accompany them anyway. The multiplication of these deviant behaviors raises the question of the answers or professional reactions to face them. The dilemma of any teacher is to manage school deregulation situations so that there is no impact on the learning process.The management of teacher-student conflicts is an essential element in order to guarantee that the latter does not break with the school institution.
Sobrepeso y obesidad en enfermedad celiaca: expresión del perfil de interleuquinas Th17
Authors: Parada Alejandra , Aguirre Carolina , Pérez-Bravo Francisco
Published: September 2018

Introducción: la alteración histológica en el intestino delgado de los enfermos celiacos produce una pobre absorción que deteriora o dificulta una ganancia óptima de peso. Esto puede ser el resultado de un aumento de la expresión de las interleuquinas Th17 gluten-específicas.Objetivo: el objetivo de este estudio fue comparar la expresión de las interleuquinas Th17 en pacientes celiacos con peso normal y sobrepeso/ obesidad. Métodos: se estudiaron 22 pacientes con reciente diagnóstico de enfermedad celiaca: 15 con peso normal y siete con sobrepeso/obesidad. Se tomaron biopsias de intestino delgado para la evaluación de la expresión de las interleuquinas a través de PCR a tiempo-real.Resultados: los niveles de expresión de las interleuquinas Th17 mostraron una tendencia a ser más altos en las biopsias de intestino de pacientes con sobrepeso/obesidad en comparación a los celiacos con peso normal, sin embargo, esta diferencia no fue significativa.Conclusión: el exceso de peso en pacientes celiacos no es influenciado por los niveles de expresión de interleuquinas Th17.
Propiedades psicométricas del inventario autoeficacia percibida para el control de peso en estudiantes universitarios del área de la salud
Authors: Aguiar Palacios Luis Horacio , Negrete-Cortés Agustín Jaime , Martínez-Alvarado Julio Román , Magallanes Rodríguez Ana Gabriela
Published: September 2018

Introducción: las investigaciones empíricas demuestran que la autoeficacia percibida es una variable importante en el mantenimiento y la reducción del peso. Existen instrumentos que evalúan la autoeficacia percibida y su relación con la obesidad, pero en México aún son insuficientes.Objetivo: el propósito de la presente investigación es analizar las propiedades psicométricas de la versión mexicana del inventario de autoeficacia para el control de peso (AP-CP) en estudiantes universitarios del área de la salud.Métodos: en el estudio participaron 872 estudiantes universitarios de la Escuela de Ciencias de la Salud con edades comprendidas entre 17 y 47 (20,07 ± 2,61) años. Para evaluar la pertinencia del análisis factorial se realizó la prueba de esfericidad de Bartlett. Para evaluar el ajuste de los puntajes en factores específicos se llevó a cabo el método de componentes principales con rotación Varimax.Resultados: el análisis del índice de consistencia interna (coeficiente alfa de Cronbach) muestra adecuadas propiedades psicométricas para los tres factores resultantes: 0,856 para el factor “estilo de alimentación y externalidad”, 0,85 para el factor “actividad física programada” y 0,671 para el factor “actividad física cotidiana”.Conclusión: los hallazgos de este estudio muestran que el AP-CP es un instrumento confiable y válido para medir el nivel de autoeficacia para el control de peso en estudiantes universitarios mexicanos del área de la salud.
Body mass index is associated with interleukin-1, adiponectin, oxidative stress and ioduria levels in healthy adults
Authors: Cruz-Mejía Saytin , Durán López Henri Hamil , Navarro Meza Mónica , Xochihua Rosas Irene , De la Peña Sol , Arroyo Helguera Omar Elind
Published: September 2018

Background: iodine contributes to maintain the balance of the reduced and oxidized species and is also required for thyroid hormones synthesis as triiodothyronine (T3), which regulates energy metabolism in adults. Increased body mass index (BMI) is associated with inflammatory markers, oxidative stress, and abnormalities in adipocytokines secretions that are associated with obesity and chronic disease.Objective: the aim of the study is to investigate the association between ioduria, oxidative stress, total antioxidant status, adiponectin and interleukin-1 (IL-1) with BMI in healthy adults.Methods: a cross-sectional study was performed in 114 healthy adult volunteers, aged 25-44 years, divided according to their BMI in three groups: normal weight (BMI < 25), overweight (BMI ≤ 25 to < 30), obesity (BMI ≥ 30). Adiponectin and IL-1 were measured by immune-enzymatic assays; oxidative stress, by determination of malondialdehyde (MDA); and total antioxidant status (TAS) and ioduria were measured by colorimetric assays. Statistical association was done by Spearman’s test.Results: overweight and obese subjects have higher serum levels of MDA, TAS and IL-1 vs normal weight subjects. Moreover, overweight and obese subjects have lower levels of iodine and adiponectin vs normal weight subjects. MDA was positively related only with obese subjects (r = 0.787, p = 0.008) and TAS with overweight (r = 0.398, p = 0.049) and obese subjects (r = 0.448, p = 0.030). In contrast, a reverse correlation with ioduria was found in obese subjects (r = 0.463, p = 0.001). Adiponectin was negatively related only in obese subjects (r = -0.477, p = 0.001), while, IL-1 was positively related with the increase of BMI (overweight r = 0.287, p = 0.050; and obesity r = 0.515, p = 0.006).Conclusion: alteration in IL-1, adiponectin and oxidative stress levels were found to be related to overweight and obesity; also, iodine levels decreased when BMI increased, contributing to loss of redox equilibrium. All this data may play an important role in etiopathogenesis of chronic disease related to the increase of BMI.
Efecto inhibitorio de fracciones peptídicas derivadas de la hidrólisis de semillas de chía (Salvia hispanica) sobre las enzimas α-amilasa y α-glucosidasa
Authors: Sosa Crespo Irving , Laviada Molina Hugo , Chel Guerrero Luis , Ortiz Andrade Rolffy , Betancur Ancona David
Published: September 2018

Introducción: los biopéptidos son secuencias aminoacídicas que pueden ejercer funciones biológicas sobre el metabolismo y la absorción de carbohidratos.Objetivo: la finalidad de este estudio fue evaluar el efecto inhibitorio de fracciones peptídicas derivadas de la hidrólisis de Salvia hispanica sobre las enzimas α-amilasa y α-glucosidasa, para comprobar su actividad en el metabolismo glucídico. Material y métodos: se obtuvo una fracción rica en proteína, la cual fue hidrolizada mediante dos sistemas enzimáticos: Alcalasa®-Flavourzima® y pepsina-pancreatina. A las muestras obtenidas se les determinó el grado de hidrólisis. El hidrolizado fue centrifugado y la porción soluble fue ultrafiltrada, utilizando diferentes membranas de corte. A cada fracción se le determinó el contenido de proteína. Se realizó un análisis in vitro midiendo el porcentaje de inhibición de las fracciones de Salvia hispanica sobre α-amilasa y α-glucosidasa.Resultados: el sistema enzimático que presentó el mayor grado de hidrólisis (63,53%) fue la pepsina-pancreatina. De la ultrafiltración se obtuvieron cinco fracciones peptídicas: > 10 kDa, 5-10 kDa, 3-5 kDa, 1-3 kDa y < 1 kDa. El mayor contenido de proteína lo presentaron las fracciones de > 10 kDa y 5-10 kDa (0,90 y 0,93 mg/ml, respectivamente) para pepsina-pancreatina. Los porcentajes de inhibición obtenidos fueron de 85,61% y 79,19% para las fracciones de > 10 kDa y 5-10 kDa, respectivamente para la enzima α-amilasa. Para la enzima α-glucosidasa, el mayor porcentaje de inhibición fue para la fracción de > 10 kDa, con 96,91%.Conclusión: los péptidos obtenidos de la chía podrían incrementar las fuentes naturales para la elaboración de alimentos funcionales importantes para la dieta de pacientes diabéticos.
Factores sociodemográficos y de estilo de vida implicados en el exceso de peso
Authors: Ortega Anta Rosa M.ª , Jiménez Ortega Ana Isabel , Perea Sánchez José Miguel , Peral Suárez África , López Sobaler Ana M.ª
Published: September 2018

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Evolución en la oferta de bebidas no alcohólicas en los últimos 25 años: reducción de azúcar como nutriente crítico y uso de edulcorantes
Authors: Urrialde Rafael , Cano Andrea , Estévez-Martínez Isabel , Perales-García Aránzazu
Published: September 2018

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Use of Medical Countermeasures in Small-Scale Emergency Responses
Authors: Perry Ijeoma A. , Noe Rebecca S. , Stewart Amy
Published: September 2018

It is well documented that long-standing focus on public health emergency preparedness medical countermeasures (MCMs) distribution and mass dispensing capabilities for mitigation of bioterrorism incidents and a lack of real-world opportunities to test national preparedness for large-scale emergencies has hindered development of a body of evidence-based practices in the United States.

To encourage jurisdictions seeking innovative opportunities for continuous improvement, we describe instances when the MCM capabilities were used to address smaller-scale, more-frequent public health emergencies such as disease outbreaks, natural disasters, or routine influenza vaccination. We argue that small-scale events represent a critical opportunity that state, local, tribal, and territorial entities can utilize for greater gains in MCM operational readiness than through exercises or planned reviews.

By using and evaluating MCM capabilities during a real response, jurisdictions can advance preparedness science and support the translation of research into practice, thereby increasing their capacity to scale up for larger, rarer, higher-consequence emergencies.
Method for Controlling Temperature Profiles and Water Table Depths in Laboratory Sediment Columns
Authors: Tokunaga Tetsu K. , Kim Yongman , Wan Jiamin , Bill Markus , Conrad Mark , Dong Wenming
Published: September 2018

Core Ideas

Column experiments simulating subsurface environments require control of temperature profiles.

A 2‐m‐tall laboratory sediment column reproduced vadose zone thermal and hydraulic conditions.

Measured CO2 profiles show the importance of microbial respiration below the root zone.

Transport from the soil surface to groundwater is commonly mediated through deeper portions of the vadose zone and capillary fringe, where variations in temperature and water saturation strongly influence biogeochemical processes. This technical note describes a sediment column design that allows laboratory simulation of thermal and hydrologic conditions found in many field settings. Temperature control is particularly important because room temperature is not representative of most subsurface environments. A 2.0‐m‐tall column was capable of simulating profiles with temperatures ranging from 3 to 22°C, encompassing the full range of seasonal temperature variation observed in the deep vadose zone and capillary fringe of a semiarid floodplain in western Colorado. The water table was varied within the lower 0.8‐m section of the column, and profiles of water content and matric potential were measured. Vadose zone CO2 collected from depth‐distributed gas samplers under representative seasonal conditions reflected the influences of temperature and water table depth on microbial respiration. Thus, realistic subsurface biogeochemical dynamics can be simulated in the laboratory through establishing column profiles that represent seasonal thermal and hydrologic conditions.
Role of Unani Medicines in Cancer Control and Management
Authors: Ali Imran , Suhail Mohd. , Naqshbandi Mohd. Farooq , Fazil Mohd. , Ahmad Bilal , Sayeed Ahmad
Published: September 2018

Background:

Cancer is a havoc and killer disease. Several ways including allopathic chemotherapy have been used in the cancer treatment. Allopathic chemotherapy has several limitations and side effects. Unani medicine is also one of the therapies to cure cancer.

Objective:

In this type of treatment, herbal drugs are used for the treatment and prevention of cancer. The main attractive thing about herbal drug is no side effect as compared to allopathic chemotherapy.

Methods:

Actually, herbal drugs are the extracts of medicinal plants. The plant extracts are obtained by crushing and heating the main part of the plants; showing anticancer activity. The main plants used in the treatment of cancer are oroxylum indicum, dillenia indica, terminalia arjuna etc.

Results:

Mainly the cancers treated are of digestive system, breast, cervical, brain, blood, bone, lungs, thyroid, uterine, bladder, throat etc.

Conclusion:

The present review article discusses the importance of Unani system of medicine for the treatment of cancer. Besides, the future perspectives of Unani medicine in cancer treatment are also highlighted.
Effect of Herbal Echinacea on Recurrent Minor Oral Aphthous Ulcer
Authors: Khozeimeh Faezeh , Saberi Zahra , Tavangar Atefeh , Badi Fahime Fakhari
Published: September 2018

Background:

The oral aphthous is a common oral ulcer with intense pain and there is no treatment for it, yet. Echinacea is an herbal medicine that moderated the immune system.

Objective:

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Echinacea on the treatment of aphthous ulcer.

Methods:

50 patients with minor aphthous participated in our study. 25 patients take 3 tablets in a day for five weeks (case group) and 25 patients didn’t take any tablets (control group). The patients were monitored for one month before taking the tablets for six months. During this period, the number of lesions, complete improvement of ulcers, recurrence rate and intensity of pain were considered in each month. Finally, the Friedman and ANOVA tests used to analyze the obtained data.

Result:

Our study showed a significant difference between a number of lesions during six-month in case and control groups (p>0.001). In this way, we observed that the number of lesions was decreased significantly after six months in the case group. Hence, ANOVA analysis showed a significant decrease between each month for the intensity of pain (p=0.025), complete improvement (p<0.001) and recurrence rate (p=0.026).

Conclusion:

In conclusion, we showed that Echinacea tablets as an herbal medicine have positive effects on a number of lesions, intensity of pain, complete improvement and recurrence rate in patients with recurrent minor aphthous ulcers.
Excessive Ultrafiltration During Hemodialysis Plays a Role in Intradialytic Hypertension Through Decreased Serum Nitric Oxide (NO) Level
Authors: Kandarini Yenny , Suwitra Ketut , Widiana Raka
Published: September 2018

Background:

Intradialytic hypertension is one of many complications during Hemodialysis (HD). The mechanism of intradialytic hypertension is currently unclear.

Objective:

This research aims to understand the association between excessive Ultrafiltration (UF) and intradialytic hypertension episode and its relationship with changes in endothelin-1 level (ET-1), Asymmetric Dimethylarginine (ADMA) level and Nitric Oxide (NO) level during HD.

Methods:

This study utilized a case-control design. A sample of one hundred and eleven patients who were already undergoing maintenance HD for more than three months was included. Serum levels of NO, ET-1, and ADMA were examined before and after HD; samples were followed by as much as six times consecutive HD session, in which ultrafiltration and blood pressure during HD were noted.

Results:

From 112 samples obtained, 32.1% (36/112) had intradialytic hypertension. Using regression analysis, we found a significant association between changes in NO levels and intradialytic hypertension. We found a significant association between excessive UF and intradialytic hypertension (p=0.001), adjusted OR=5.17. Path analysis showed the existence of a significant relationship between UF volume during HD and intradialytic hypertension (CR 5.74; p<0.01), as well as a significant relationship between UF volume during HD and NO levels (CR -3.70: p<0.01). There was a direct relationship between NO serum levels with intradialytic hypertension (CR -7.08: p<0.01).

Conclusion:

Excessive UF during HD plays a role in intradialytic hypertension episode through decreased NO serum levels. There was no clear role of ADMA and ET-1 serum levels on intradialytic hypertension episode.
Traffic Characteristics Evaluation and Traffic Management Measures: A Case study of Dharwad City
Authors: Hanumappa Devaraj , Mulangi Raviraj H. , Kudachimath Nityanand S.
Published: September 2018

Traffic problems in the urban areas are increasing at a rapid rate. Engineers, planners or the policymakers are having a tough time in dealing with their multiple constraints for getting the desired solution. Some of the main transportation planning problems are mixed traffic plying on the roads, inadequate parking areas, increasing number of vehicles and road users, the unbalanced pattern of land use with obsolete road system, increasing number of road facilities and environmental pollution. Since in India most of the cities are unplanned, we are only left with an option management of existing infrastructure. In this paper, one such case study is presented in which a detailed traffic management for the city of Dharwad is carried out.
Caracterización y rol de los frutales amazónicos en fincas familiares en las provincias de Sucumbíos y Orellana (Ecuador)
Authors: Vargas Tierras Yadira Beatriz , Prado-Beltrán Julia Karina , Nicolalde-Cruz José Rogelio , Casanoves Fernando , Virginio-Filho Elias de Melo , Viera Arroyo William Fernando
Published: September 2018

Los frutales en la región norte de la Amazonía se encuentran como parte de la diversidad de cultivos en las chakras de los productores. El objetivo del presente estudio fue caracterizar los frutales amazónicos presentes en las fincas productoras de cacao, café y sistemas silvopastoriles ubicadas en las provincias de Orellana y Sucumbíos La información se obtuvo en base a encuestas dirigidas y mediante observación directa en el campo. Los resultados indicaron que en las dos provincias, los productores establecen de 1 a 19 especies de frutales en sus parcelas, siendo las fincas de menos de 10 hectáreas las más diversas.  En la mayoría de fincas, los frutales predominantes en los sistemas de producción son cítricos, coco, guaba, aguacate, papaya, piña y chonta. Estos cultivos se encuentran en asocio con café, cacao, sistemas silvopastoriles; monocultivos; o dispersos fuera de estos sistemas. Por otro lado, se han introducido especies que son consideradas como frutales con potencial de mercado, entre ellos se encontraron la grosella, higo, pomelo, mango y maracuyá. La producción de los frutales está destinada en su mayoría para autoconsumo y alimentación de los animales de la finca; sin embargo el excedente se vende para generar un ingreso económico.
Pembongkaran Puitik terhadap Diksi-Diksi Gender dalam Sajak-Sajak Dorothea: Kontra Hegemoni Dunia Penciptaan Kaum Lelaki
Authors: Asmara Rangga , Kusumaningrum Widya Ratna
Published: September 2018

In the last two decades, women’s issues have been attracting public attention, particularly for those who see and study women from male world of construction. In the literature framework, the existing problems are not limited to the women’s involvement in the creation, criticism, and as readers only. However, the growth of the creation of female poets has opposed to men's superiority towards women. The role of gender and institution of marriage, which have been the symbol of hegemonic masculinity, has become a deconstruction and parody. The aim of this study is to dismantle the gender dictions in the Dorothea’s poem, which reflect the hegemonic masculinity. The object of this research is the poetry collections entitiled ‘Nikah Ilalang’ by Dorothea Rosa Herliany. Technique of data collection used was notetaking. In analyzing the data, Dorothea's poetries are studied by using heuristic and hermeneutic techniques. In using hermeneutic technique, this study used semiotic approach and potential/actual hypogram in order to find a proper model as matrix actualization.
Two-Year Observational Study of Bloodstream Infection Rates in Hemodialysis Facility Patients with and without Catheters
Authors: Brown Robert S. , Brickel Kristin , Davis Roger B.
Published: September 2018

Background and objectives

Bloodstream infection rates of patients on hemodialysis with catheters are greater than with other vascular accesses and are an important quality measure. Our goal was to compare relative bloodstream infection rates of patients with and without catheters as a quality parameter among the facilities providing hemodialysis.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements

We used CROWNWeb and National Healthcare Safety Network data from all 179 Medicare facilities providing adult outpatient hemodialysis in New England for >6 months throughout 2015–2016 (mean, 12,693 patients per month). There was a median of 60 (interquartile range, 43–93) patients per facility, with 17% having catheters.

Results

Among the five batch-submitting dialysis organizations, the bloodstream infection rate in patients with a catheter in four organizations had adjusted risk ratios of 1.44 (95% confidence interval, 1.07 to 1.93) to 1.91 (95% confidence interval, 1.39 to 2.63) times relative to the reference dialysis provider group (P<0.001). The percentage of catheters did not explain the difference in bloodstream infection rates among dialysis provider organizations. The bloodstream infection rates in patients with a catheter were negatively correlated with the facility’s proportion of this patient group. Facilities with <10%, 10%–14.9%, 15%–19.9%, and ≥20% catheter patients had bloodstream infection rates of 4.4, 2.2, 1.9, and 1.5 per 100 patient-months, respectively, in that patient group (adjusted P<0.001). This difference was not seen in patients without catheters. There was no effect of facility patient census or season of the year.

Conclusions

A study of the adult outpatient hemodialysis facilities in New England in 2015–2016 found that four dialysis provider groups had significantly higher bloodstream infection rates in patients with a catheter than the best-performing dialysis provider group. Hemodialysis facilities with lower proportions of patients with a catheter have significantly higher bloodstream infection rates in this patient group than facilities with >20% catheters, a finding that did not explain the difference among provider organizations.
PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND MEDIA ENVIRONMENT AS ANTECEDENTS OF CHILDHOOD OBESITY IN MALAYSIA
Authors: Mathialagan Amuthaganesh , Nallasamy Narkeeran , Razali Syaza Nurfarida
Published: September 2018

Objective: The aim of this study was to explore the influence of physical activity and media viewing on the occurrence of childhood obesity in Malaysia.Methods: A 42-item validated questionnaire in the Malay and English language, containing Likert scale close-ended questions was used to explore the degree of physical activity practiced by families as well as trends on media viewing restrictions among parents in 5 selected states of Peninsular Malaysia. A total of 1200 self-administered questionnaires were sent out to schools in rural and urban areas of the respective 5 states and body mass index (BMI) for children was measured using the WHO 2007 reference standards. A total of 802 completed and usable questionnaires were obtained yielding a response rate of 66.6%. Chi-square and descriptive statistics were used to analyze the results.Results: The findings revealed that while children may have agreed limits on media viewing (television/computer/video games), as the child’s BMI increased the rate of agreed limits decreased. However, the enforcement of these limits was not consistent. Interestingly, 70% of the parents who did not enforce restrictions on media viewing were also obese themselves. In terms of physical activity, this was far lower among obese and severe obese children and family activities involving physical activity was scarce with a rate of 25%.Conclusion: The study affirms the fact that Malaysia needs to promote engagement in physical activity as a national policy and shows that the importance of enforcing media viewing restrictions should be highlighted to the community at large.
EVALUATION OF ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF ENDOPHYTIC FUNGI ASPERGILLUS JAPONICUS ISOLATED FROM TRIDAX PROCUMBENS L.
Authors: Aharwal Ravindra Prasad , Kumar Suneel , Thakur Yogita , Deshmukh Loknath , Sandhu Sardul Singh
Published: September 2018

Objective: The main purpose of the present study was to isolate the endophytic fungi from Tridax procumbens L. and evaluate their antibacterial activity at different concentration of compatible solvents extracted metabolites against the test pathogenic bacterial strain, as well as the molecular characterization of potent endophytic fungal isolate that showed the maximum antibacterial activity.Methods: The endophytic fungi were isolated from the different parts of the collected T. procumbens plant. Screening of endophytic fungi for the antibacterial activity was scrutinized against five pathogenic bacteria such as Bacillus subtilis, Streptococcus pyogenes, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Salmonella typhimurium using agar well diffusion method. After screening, the metabolite of the potent fungal isolate was extracted using different solvents by solvent-solvent extraction procedure and observed their antibacterial activity. For molecular identification of the fungi, the DNA was extracted, quantified, and amplified using two oligonucleotide primers ITS4 and ITS6 in polymerase chain reaction.Results: In the present study, five endophytic fungi were isolated from medicinal plant T. procumbens and screened for their antibacterial activity against E. coli (22.60±0.32 mm), S. typhimurium (19.26±0.23 mm), S. pyogenes (16.36±0.18 mm), K. pneumoniae (14.26±0.54 mm), and B. subtilis (14.43±0.27 mm) bacterial strain. The endophytic fungal strain A. japonicus isolated from T. procumbens was showed the significant antibacterial activity against the pathogenic bacteria. The morphological identification of all the isolated endophytic fungi was observed on the basis of their macroscopic and microscopic characteristics, and the molecular identification of the potent fungal strain was observed through 18s rRNA sequence analysis. Using solvent-solvent extraction technique, different solvent residues of the potent fungal metabolite were extracted in benzene, n-,butanol and toluene. The n-butanol solvent extract exhibited a maximum zone of inhibition against the test bacterial strains.Conclusion: The present study reveals that the endophytic fungi serve as a potential source for the production of effective bioactive compounds.
PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF NITRENDIPINE LOADED GRAFTED COPOLYMER MICROSPHERES: A PRELIMINARY STUDY
Authors: S Sindhu , S Dharani , V Bhavanitha , S Pradhibha
Published: September 2018

Objectives: Developing countries like India suffers mostly from cardiovascular problems and kidney failure. An antihypertensive drug is mainly used to avoid the cardiovascular problems and kidney failure. Nitrendipine is a calcium antagonist widely used in the treatment of hypertension. The bioavailability of drug, when administered orally, is low. Sustained drug delivery systems are using microspheres emerging as an effective method to increase the bioavailability of the drug. The current work involves the encapsulation of nitrendipine - acrylamide grafted chitosan which helps to overcome poor solubility and hydrophobic nature of the nitrendipine. This will enhance the drug dissolution and reduce the side effects of the antihypertensive drug.Methods: By emulsion cross-linking method, grafted copolymers were prepared. The physicochemical interactions between the drug and grafted copolymer were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC).Results: Encapsulated drug and grafted copolymer were characterized by FTIR to understand the chemical interactions and to identify the functional groups present. Morphology and particle size of the grafted copolymer with drug and without drug were assessed by SEM. DSC was used to identify the melting endotherms of a drug, copolymer cross-linked microspheres, and drug encapsulated microspheres.Conclusion: Thus, the drug encapsulated grafted copolymer increases the hydrophilic character and thereby making the polymers feasible for functioning as drug carriers for sustained drug delivery system.
ACECLOFENAC-INDUCED STEVENS-JOHNSON SYNDROME AFTER ONE SINGLE DOSE: A MAIDEN CASE REPORT
Authors: Agarwal Saurabh , O Balaji , Patil Navin
Published: September 2018

Drugs are known to cause various adverse drug reactions involving major organ systems. Skin-related adverse reactions are very common and range from a simple rash to life-threatening condition like Stevens-Johnson syndrome. Various drugs are known to cause skin reactions which include antiepileptics, analgesics, antibiotics, and proton-pump inhibitors. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs causing life-threatening conditions such as Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis are very rare and only few case reports are published. Hence, we report a case of Aceclofenac-induced Stevens-Johnson syndrome after single time administration in a tertiary care hospital in India.
IN VITRO SCREENING FOR ANTICHOLINESTERASE AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF EXTRACT OF GARCINIA ATROVIRIDIS
Authors: V Chitra , J Narayanan
Published: September 2018

Objective: Garcinia atroviridis belongs to the family Clusiaceae. The whole plant was dried, extracted to obtain a xanthone-rich extract. Phytochemical studies of extract showed the presence of phenols, alkaloids, steroids, resins, and saponins. Alzheimer’s disease (AD) the most common form of dementia, a brain disorder which has been affecting the elderly. The natural sources such as plants are an abundant source having various medicinal properties.Methods: In the present study, G. atroviridis has been selected to test for the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) activity by Ellman’s method. The antioxidant activity has been performed by 2,2’-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) assay.Results: The results showed that the extract from G. atroviridis could inhibit the activity of AchE and BuChE. The percentage inhibition of the ethanolic extract for AChE was found to be 69.4%, and ethyl acetate extract was found to be 75.6%, respectively. The percentage inhibition of the ethanolic extract for BuChE was found to be 59.4%, and ethyl acetate extract was found to be 63.2%, respectively. The IC50 values for DPPH scavenging activity were significant when compared with the standard ascorbic acid.Conclusion: The plant extract with significant antioxidant and anticholinesterase property has shown its potential to be investigated further as a therapeutic drug for AD.
ANTIASTHMATIC ACTIVITY OF THE ETHANOL EXTRACT OF LEAVES OF WRIGHTIA TINCTORIA
Authors: Khan Zaseem , Ansari Imtiyaz
Published: September 2018

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the antiasthmatic activity of ethanolic extract of Wrightia tinctoria leaves in albino wistar rats.Methods: The plant extract was taken by soxhlet apparatus with 90% ethanol. Two methods are carried out such as milk-induced leukocytosis and ovalbumin-induced leukocytosis; (4 ml/kg) milk induced as intoxicant given by subcutaneous, (4 ml/kg) ovalbumin given by intraperitoneal injection, and standard drug as dexamethasone (50 mg/kg) given for both activity and drug extract for all three test groups (low, medium, and high) blood collected from the retro-orbital plexus and count the leukocytes before and after 24 h after drug administration.Result: Test 1, Test 2, and Test 3 groups were found to significantly (**p<0.01) decrease ambulation counts as compared to milk and ovalbumin control group. The treatment group was founded to significantly (**P<0.01) milk and ovalbumin control group increases ambulation count as compared to all test groups and standard groups.Conclusion: In this study, we conclude that an ethanolic extract of the leaves of W. tinctoria possesses a significant antiasthmatic property, which is probably mediated through inhibition of histamine. The activity shown by ethanolic extract of W. tinctoria was found to be dose dependent.
THE EFFECT OF AMINO ACID COMPOUNDS IN FERMENTED SOYBEANS AGAINST FIBROBLAST GROWTH FACTOR IN MICE PANCREATIC β-CELLS FIGURES
Authors: Dharma Surya , Almasdy Dedy , Dillasamola Dwisari , Rasyid Roslinda , Wahyuni Dianty Dwi , Afifi Fadhilah
Published: September 2018

Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the effect of the amino acid compound in fermented soybeans against fibroblast growth factor (FGF) in mice’s pancreatic β-cell figures. This study was also done to know the effect of given combination of fertilized egg whites powder with tempe (Indonesian conventional food and the fermentation product of soybeans fermentation) in a dose of 7250 mg/kg.Methods: All of the experimental animals pancreases were designed to be damaged by given alloxan in a dose of 150 mg/kg, except for the negative control group without anything given. The experimental animals were divided into 7 groups which consist of the negative control group, positive control group, and the rests 5 group of FGF test preparation in dosages of 100; 140; 200; 300; and 425 mg/kg combined with fermented soybeans in a dose 7250 mg/kg. This experiment was conducted for 21 days, observed at 7th, 14th, and 21st day. The data analysis used is a statistical test of one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and two-way ANOVA.Results: The result showed a significant decrease in blood glucose levels (p<0.05) in mice for all treatments when compared with positive controls. From the result of the histopathologic examination, pancreatic β-cells improve utterly close to the control condition (-). In the qualitative immunohistochemical examination, there was a difference in the stained pancreatic β-cells marked by yellow density. Meanwhile, the quantitative observation did not show any improvement against normal condition control (-) (p<0.05).Conclusion: The combination of egg whites and fermented soybean significantly decreased the blood glucose levels, and the occurrence of the Langerhans island cells was nearly normal.