bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Behind the Hammer's Swing: Work Fatigue Among Traditional Stone Breakers in the Coastal Region of the Selayar Islands, Indonesia
Authors: Maharja Rizky , Tajuddin Tajuddin , Rahmansyah Sitti Fatimah , Kessi Andi Tenriola Fitri , Juliani Arni , Maharja Riadnin
Published: September 2024

The work of stone breakers involves heavy and repetitive physical activity, which can increase the risk of injuries and health problems, one of which is work fatigue. Before work fatigue becomes more severe, it is essential to identify its causes. This study aims to analyze work fatigue and the factors that influence it. The study uses an observational analytic approach with a total of 50 respondents. The variables measured include age, length of work, years of service, workload, total sleep time, and work fatigue. Data collection was carried out through questionnaires and specific workload observations. The results of the study indicate that 25 people (50%) experienced high work fatigue. Further analysis showed that age (p-value = 0.020) and gender (p-value = 0.001) significantly influenced work fatigue. The results also showed that there was no significant effect of length of work (p-value = 0.140), years of service (p-value = 0.27), workload (p-value = 0.258), and total sleep time (p-value = 0.401) on work fatigue. This study concludes that work fatigue among traditional stone breakers is influenced by age and gender. Interventions are needed to reduce work fatigue through adjustments to the work environment and rest periods. This study reinforces the understanding of Q.S. Al-Baqarah/2:286, which emphasizes that every individual has limitations.  The fatigue experienced is proof that the human body has limits and needs adequate rest to function optimally.
Antioxidant Activity of Zerumbone and Its Pharmacological Prospects in Oxidative Stress Conditions: A Narrative Review
Authors: Doloking Haeria , Lallo Subehan , Manggau Marianti A , Rifai Yusnita
Published: September 2024

Introdiction: Oxidative stress is a condition caused by an imbalance between the level of oxidants in cells and tissues and the ability of the biological system to detoxify these reactive products. To compensate for the excess oxidant molecules, the human body requires the intake of antioxidant compounds through diet or medicinal plants to overcome the deficiency of these endogenous antioxidants.  Zerumbone is the main bioactive compound of the Zingiber zerumbet L. Smith rhizome that was reported to have antioxidant activity and different pharmacological effects, like anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, antidiabetic, immunomodulatory, anti-neurodegenerative disease, hepatoprotective, and gastroprotective. Aims: This review aims to gather available scientific research data regarding the antioxidant activity of zerumbone and its pharmacological prospects under conditions of oxidative stress. This paper is an overview of previous research on the various pharmacological activities of zerumbone and studies of its mechanism of action related to oxidative stress at the molecular level. The selected articles are related research reports for the 2010–2022 period, which can be accessed online through NCBI, Science Direct, MDPI, and Google Scholar. Result: The research results mentioned in this review paper can summarize knowledge to explain the pharmacological potential of zerumbone so that it can be used as a starting point or comparison in designing further research. Conclusion: The results of the reviews show that the various pharmacological prospects of zerumbone are related to oxidative stress conditions through various modes of action.
Studi Farmakovigilans Penggunaan Obat Antiretriviral di Puskesmas Semarang
Authors: Lestari Asih Puji , Meki Pranata
Published: September 2024

Kasus epidemi HIV di Indonesia pada tahun 2015 jumlah penderita yang terinfeksi HIV sebanyak 30.935 jiwa hingga tahun 2019 meningkat sebanyak 50.282 kasus baru. Pemberian Anti Retroviral Therapy (ART) memiliki dampak interaksi dan efek samping obat dalam jangka waktu yang lama. Meningkatnya efek samping obat dipengaruhi adanya perubahan mitokondria yang mengalami disfungsi serebrovaskular dan metabolism obat yang besar oleh enzim golongan sitokrom P450. Tujuan Penelitian yaitu untuk mengetahui gambaran dan kejadian reaksi obat yang tidak diinginkan pada pasien yang diberikan resep obat antiretroviral di puskesmas. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional deskriptif, pengambilan data dilakukan secara prospektif pada pasien yang menerima obat HIV di Puskesmas. Populasi penelitian ini berjumlah 10 pasien yang telah memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan ekslusi. Teknik pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah quota sampling dengan instrumen penelitian berupa lembar wawancara ROTD yang diambil dari algoritma Naranjo. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan obat antiretroviral (ARV) dapat menimbulkan reaksi obat yang tidak diinginkan (ROTD) seperti mual, muntah, pusing (vertigo) pada 10 pasien dan masuk kategori probable sebesar 70% dan possible sebesar 30%.
 
Kata kunci: Farmakovigilans, Antiretroviral (ARV), Reaksi obat yang tidak diinginkan (ROTD)
Metode dan Jenis Pelarut untuk Ekstraksi Zerumbone dari Rimpang Zingiber zerumbet L. Smith: Kajian Pustaka
Authors: Doloking Haeria
Published: September 2024

The choice of extraction method and the solvent is a determining factor in the efficiency of extracting phytochemicals with unique and diverse physicochemical characteristics. This literature review aims to collect and examine information regarding the methods and solvents for extracting the zerumbone compound from the rhizome of Zingiber zerumbet (L) Smith. used and has been reported by various researchers. Data and information were collected using databases such as MDPI and Google Scholar. This study found various zerumbone extraction techniques, namely Microwave-Assisted Extraction, Supercritical-CO2, Subcritical Water Extraction, hydro distillation, soxhletation, reflux, and maceration. The solvents used were ethanol, methanol, ethyl acetate, n-hexane, chloroform, and water. The literature review shows that extraction efficiency with certain techniques depends on selecting the right solvent.
Keywords: Microwave-Assisted Extraction, Supercritical-CO2, Subcritical Water Extraction, hydro distillation, Reflux
Pengaruh Penggunaan Pelarut terhadap Skrining Fitokimia dan Profil Kromatografi Lapis Tipis (KLT) Ekstrak Daun Tobo-Tobo (Ficus septica Burm. F)
Authors: Mukhriani Mukhriani , Nur Azizah Syahrana  , Nursyamsi Dhuha  , Dwi Ariqoh Ridwan
Published: September 2024

Pendahuluan: Penelitian Pengaruh Penggunaan Pelarut terhadap Skrining Fitokimia Dan Profil Kromatografi Lapis Tipis (KLT) Ekstrak Daun Tobo-Tobo (Ficus septica Burm. F). Tujuan daam penelitian ini adalah mengetahui kandungan Ficus septica Burm. F dengan Kromatografi Lapis Tipis (KLT). Metode: Pada penelitian ini dilakukan ekstraksi secara maserasi dengan pelarut air, etanol 96%, etil asetat, dan n-heksan. Profil fitokimia dilakukan untuk mengidentifikasi golongan senyawa alkaloid, flavonoid, tanin, saponin, steroid dan triterpenoid dengan KLT. Hasil: Adapun hasil yang didapatkan dari skrining fitokimia dan kromatografi lapis tipis menunjukkan kandungan senyawa bioaktif dalam ekstrak air adalah alkaloid, flavonoid, dan saponin, ekstrak etanol 96% adalah flavonoid, saponin, tanin, triterpenoid, ekstrak etil asetat adalah tanin, sedangkan ekstrak n-heksan tidak ditemukan kandungan senyawa yang diteliti. Identifikasi alkaloid dengan uji KLT pada ekstrak etanol 96% dengan nilai Rf 0,23, 0,43, 0,03 dan 0,25. Identifikasi flavonoid pada ekstrak etanol 96% dengan nilai Rf 0,2 dan 0,38, sedangkan ekstrak etil asetat dengan nilai Rf 0,38 dan 0,49. Identifikasi tanin pada ekstrak etil asetat dengan nilai Rf 0,63, sedangkan pada ekstrak n-heksan dengan nilai Rf 0,25, 0,58, dan 0,69. Identifikasi senyawa triterpenoid pada ekstrak etanol 96% dengan nilai Rf 0,58, 0,23 dan 0,4, pada ekstrak etil asetat dengan nilai Rf 0,63 dan 0,67, sedangkan pada ekstrak n-heksan dengan nilai Rf 0,18, 0,52, dan 0,65. Kesimpulan: Penggunaan pelarut yang berbeda dapat mempengarahui optimalnya penarikan senyawa metabolit  sekunder pada daun tobo- tobo (Ficus septica Burm. F).
Kata kunci: Ekstraksi, Skrining Fitokimia, KLT, Pelarut
Formulasi dan Efektivitas Krim Ekstrak Etanol Daun Sintrong (Crassocephalum crepidioides (Benth)S. Moore) sebagai Antiacne terhadap Staphylococcus epidermidis
Authors: R Ajeng Kurniati , Dewi Isnaeni
Published: September 2024

Pendahuluan: Daun sintrong (Crassocephalum crepidioides (Benth) S. Moore) adalah tumbuhan yang mengandung beragam fitokimia yang potensial dikembangkan sebagai sediaan krim yang berasal dari bahan alam. Tujuan: untuk mengetahui efek antiacne sediaan krim ekstrak etanol daun sintrong terhadap staphylococcus epidermis. Metode: Tahap pertama dilakukan ekstraksi menggunakan pelarut 96%. Ekstrak yang diperoleh kemudian dibuat kontrol negatif , dilanjutkan dengan pembuatan krim. Pengujian efek sediaan krim anti jerawat dilakukan dengan metode difusi untuk menentukan diameter hambatan terhadap Staphylococcus epidermidis dengan menggunakan medium Muller Hilton Agar (MHA). Hasil: Penelitian ini menggunakan lima formula sediaan krim anti jerawat dengan konsentrasi 1%, 2%, 3%, kontrol positif dan kontrol negatif. Setelah diinkubasi selama 24 jam didapatkan zona hambatan untuk formula dengan konsentrasi 1% sebesar 9,9 mm, pada konsentrasi 2% sebesar 12,43 mm, pada konsentrasi 3% sebesar 13,86 mm, pada kontrol positif sebesar 26,56 mm dan untuk kontrol negatif 0 mm. Kesimpulan: Berdasarkan analisis statistik dengan menggunakan ANOVA menunjukan bahwa semakin tinggi konsentrasi yang digunakan semakin besar daya hambatan yang terjadi.
Kata Kunci: Daun Sintrong, Krim Antiacne, Staphylococcus epidermidis
ANALYSIS OF FACTORS RELATED TO THE SEVERITY OF COVID 19 AT TADJUDDIN CHALID HOSPITAL MAKASSAR
Authors: Yuliana Syam  , Abdul Majid  , Prianto Andri , Basri Syam
Published: September 2024

Background: Covid 19 is a disease caused by a new coronavirus. This virus can be transmitted from human to human and has spread widely in China and more than 190 countries. Mild symptoms of Covid 19 include runny nose, sore throat, cough, and fever. The occurrence of arterial hypoxemia which causes the main feature of respiratory distress in Covid 19. Death due to Covid 19 in Indonesia itself is dominated by infected patients who have comorbidities such as hypertension, diabetes, cardiovascular disease or respiratory disease can also greatly affect the prognosis of Covid 19. Objective: This study aims to determine the relationship between age, gender, education level, and history of comorbidities with the severity of covid 19. Method: This research is a quantitative study using observational analytic with a cross sectional study design. The population in this study were all confirmed Covid 19 patients who were treated from April 2020 to 2021. The sampling technique was the total sample. Result: The results showed that the relationship between age and severity of Covid 19 was obtained with p value = 0.010, for gender p value = 0.111, then for education level, p value = 0.005, and for comorbidities, p value = 0.000. Conclusion: There is a relationship between age, education level and comorbidities with the severity of Covid 19. Further research is expected to find other factors such as lifestyle, environment and adherence in undergoing treatment to the severity of Covid 19.
VIOLENT BEHAVIOR ON NURSES IN THE PSYCHIATRIC WARDS
Authors: Yulis Rahma , Pawenrusi Esse Puji , Amalia Nurul , Rasmawati Rasmawati
Published: September 2024

Nurses are vulnerable to violent behavior, especially in the psychiatric ward. Objective: identify violent behavior that is often experienced by nurses and the factors that influence it. Method: using a cross sectional design with an analytic observational approach. The research was conducted at X Hospital in the psychiatric ward: Psychiatry High Care Unit, adult women, men with criminal case and two rooms for men without criminal cases. Sample consisted of 63 nurses through a purposive sampling technique. The instrument used was the Perception of Prevalance of Aggression Scale (POPAS). Data analysis with univariate and bivariate through chi square test with p<0.05. Results: the most violent behavior of patients towards nurses was verbal then physical and sexual violence. There were significant differences in violent behavior received by male and female respondents, such as: provocative and physical threats. There were significant differences in violent behavior based on the type of psychiatric ward such us: nagging, insulting, threats, humiliation to nurses, provocative, physical threats, physical violence that caused minor and serious injuries. Minor injuries were more experienced by male. Sexual temptation is more experienced by women, especially in adult men's treatment rooms, both with and without criminal cases. Conclusion: the most violent behavior of patients towards nurses in psychiatric ward was verbal then physical and sexual violence. There were significant differences in violent behavior based on gender and the type of psychiatric ward. More minor injuries were experienced by male, while sexual temptation was experienced more by women, especially in adult male rooms.
Modelling and predicting the Consumer Price Index in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Mahgoub Ayman , Alam Teg
Published: September 2024

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) is a vital gauge of economic performance, reflecting fluctuations in the costs of goods, services, and other commodities essential to consumers. It is a cornerstone measure used to evaluate inflationary trends within an economy. In Saudi Arabia, forecasting the Consumer Price Index (CPI) relies on analyzing CPI data from 2013 to 2020, structured as an annual time series. Through rigorous analysis, the SARMA (0,1,0) (12,0,12) model emerges as the most suitable approach for estimating this dataset. Notably, this model stands out for its ability to accurately capture seasonal variations and autocorrelation patterns inherent in the CPI data. An advantageous feature of the chosen SARMA model is its self-sufficiency, eliminating the need for supplementary models to address outliers or disruptions in the data. Moreover, the residuals produced by the model adhere closely to the fundamental assumptions of least squares principles, underscoring the precision of the estimation process. The fitted SARMA model demonstrates stability, exhibiting minimal deviations from expected trends. This stability enhances its utility in estimating the average prices of goods and services, thus providing valuable insights for policymakers and stakeholders. Utilizing the SARMA (0,1,0) (12,0,12) model enables the projection of future values of the Consumer Price Index (CPI) in Saudi Arabia for the period from June 2020 to June 2021. The model forecasts a consistent upward trajectory in monthly CPI values, reflecting ongoing economic inflationary pressures. In summary, the findings underscore the efficacy of the SARMA model in predicting CPI trends in Saudi Arabia. This model is a valuable tool for policymakers, enabling informed decision-making in response to evolving economic dynamics and facilitating effective policies to address inflationary challenges.
Adsorption of nitrate and phosphate ions using ZnCl2-activated biochars from phytoremediation biomasses
Authors: Sefatlhi Katlarelo Lenny , Ultra Venecio U , Stephen Majoni , Oleszek Sylwia , Manyiwa Trust
Published: September 2024

Mishandling and disposal of post-harvested phytoremediation biomass results in secondary pollution. Biochar production is one of the available technologies for processing post-harvested phytoremediation biomasses. The main objective of this study was to assess the potential adsorption of PO43- and NO3- ions from a binary solution by ZnCl2-activated phytoremediation biochars. The biochars were activated using ZnCl2 and analyzed for specific surface area, pore size, volume, surface morphology, point of zero charges (pHpzc), surface functional groups, and elemental composition. Subsequently, the adsorption potential for PO43- and NO3- ions of the activated biochar was investigated. Activation of phytoremediation biochars led to the development of new micropores and increased specific surface area range from 1.62-4.72 m2 g-1 to 4.75- 55.50 m2 g-1. ZnCl2 activation reduced the pHpzc values of Cymbopogon citratus, Cymbopogon nardus, and Chrysopogon zizanioides biochars (BCL2, BCC2, and BCV2) from 9.75, 9.50, 9.62 to 5.72, 5.51, and 6.23, respectively. Activated Chrysopogon zizanioides biochar (ACBCV2), activated Cymbopogon nardus biochar (ACBCC2) and activated Cymbopogon citratus biochar (ACBCL2) showed maximum potential phosphate ion adsorption capacities of 115.70, 101.74, and 270.59 mg g-1, respectively. ACBCL2, ACBCC2, and ACBCV2 indicated maximum potential nitrate ion adsorption capacities of 155.78, 99.42, and 117.71 mg g-1. BCC2, BCL2, ACBCV1, ACBCV2, and ACBCC2 best fitted the Langmuir linear form 1 model during NO3- adsorption. The results obtained in this study showed that ZnCl2-activated phytoremediation biochars have the potential to remove PO4 3- and NO3- ions from PO4 3- and NO3- ions binary solution.
Geology of the Eastern Barberton Greenstone Belt, South Africa: Early Deformation and the Role of Large Meteor Impacts
Authors: Lowe Donald R. , Byerly Gary R.
Published: September 2024

The eastern Barberton Greenstone Belt (BGB) includes four stratigraphic and structural divisions: from northwest to southeast, the Mlumati, Manzimnyama, and Paulus Synclines and the Emlembe Belt. All are made up largely of sedimentary rocks of the Fig Tree Group separated by antiformal belts of sheared Onverwacht Group komatiitic rocks. Fig Tree rocks in the Mlumati and Manzimnyama Synclines are mostly chemically precipitated banded iron formation (BIF) and banded ferruginous chert (BFC) with a major siliciclastic unit, the Gelegela Grit, composed of quartz-poor (<5% monocrystalline quartz, Qm) volcaniclastic sandstone showing abundant ~3.445–3.455 Ga detrital zircons. The Paulus Syncline is dominated by shale containing in the upper half chert-clast conglomerate and sparse lithic sandstone (Qm<10%) but includes near the middle lenticular units up to unit 30 m thick of quartz-rich (Qm >50%) sandstone. The Emlembe Belt consists largely of chert-clast conglomerate and quartz-bearing (Qm = 10–50%) sandstone. The Paulus and Emlembe belts show detrital zircon age peaks at ~3.295–3.275 Ga and ~3.445–3.455 Ga. While exhibiting overall similar stratigraphic development and detrital zircon ages, Fig Tree rocks in these belts show contrasting compositions and sediment sources. They do not represent parts a single basin or fairway of sediment transport and deposition.

Fig Tree siliciclastic rocks mark the first deformation, uplift, and erosion in the BGB. However, the thinness of Fig Tree strata, mostly less than 1000 m, and rapid facies changes argue that deformation involved local uplifts and small basins that accumulated thin sedimentary sequences. We suggest that early Fig Tree deformation is consistent with crustal disruption triggered by large meteor impacts, starting perhaps as early as ~3.277 Ga but certainly by ~3.260 Ga. The Fig Tree Group may record a cluster of impacts that fragmented and destabilized a long-lived crust followed during later or post-Fig Tree time by tectonic uplift and orogeny.
Management Accounting Professionals in the SMART Economy
Authors: Dobroszek Justyna , Paientko Tetiana , Walińska Ewa
Published: September 2024

The article aims to identify the characteristics and traits of management accountants operating in a smart environment. As technology and digital transformation reshape the business landscape, management accountants are critical in navigating this new terrain. Our approach is based on the theory of change (ToC), which provides a framework for understanding the changes in business practices and management accounting necessitated by the emergence of smart technologies. To develop our conceptual model, we extensively reviewed the literature, examining both theoretical and empirical studies to identify the emerging competencies required of management accountants in this context. We build a conceptual SMART management accounting model whose components are (S) Strategic, (M) Meaningful, (A) Agile, (R) Resilient, and (T) Transparent. Each component represents a set of specific attributes and characteristics that management accountants should possess to thrive in a smart environment.
Microinflammation in Patients on Hemodialysis: A Practical Approach
Authors: Nenadovic Marko , Nikolic Aleksandra , Stanojevic Pirkovic Marijana , Nikolic Tomislav , Petrovic Dejan , Trbojevic-Stankovic Jasna
Published: September 2024

Microinflammation is a non-traditional risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases in patients on hemodialysis. It occurs in 30-50% of these patients, and its main causes are: uremic toxins, oxidative stress, metabolic acidosis, vitamin D deficiency, overhydration, altered intestinal microbiome, impaired intestinal epithelial barrier integrity, increased translocation of endotoxin from the intestinal lumen into the systemic circulation, occult infection of the vascular approach for hemodialysis, periodontal disease, bioincompatibility of the hemodialysis membrane and the presence of endotoxin in the hemodialysis solution. The main clinical consequences of microinflammation are: accelerated atherosclerosis, malnutrition, anemia, resistance to the action of erythropoietin, hemoglobin variability and dialysis-related amyloidosis. Postdilution online hemodiafiltration, extended and adsorptive hemodialysis prevent the development of microinflammation. Optimal control of microinflammation prevents the development of cardiovascular diseases, improves the quality of life and the outcome of patients who are treated with regular hemodialysis.
Internal Control, Love of Money, Individual Morality, and Information Asymmetry: Influences on Accounting Fraud Tendency
Authors: Mahardika I Kadek Feri , Widanaputra Anak Agung Gde Putu
Published: September 2024

The objective of this study is to examine the impact of internal control, individual morality, information asymmetry, and love of money on the propensity for accounting fraud at PT. Bali Regional Development Bank, Badung Branch Office. A sample of 44 respondents was selected using purposive sampling technique. The data analysis method employed is Partial Least Square (PLS), which includes bootstrapping, internal model evaluation, and external model evaluation. The findings demonstrate that internal control and individual morality negatively impact the propensity for accounting fraud. Conversely, love of money and information asymmetry positively influence this propensity.
Представление о справедливости в теории и обыденно-практическом сознании
Authors: Лаврухина Ирина Михайловна , Глушко Ирина Васильевна , Дикунова Елизавета Владимировна , Горячев Владислав Сергеевич , Пархоменко Алина Юрьевна
Published: September 2024

The article presents interpretations of the concept of justice at the theoretical level within various branches of humanities and in everyday consciousness. The authors describe the basic traditions of interpreting justice in ancient, medieval and modern European thought, as well as in Russian philosophy. The multi-layered theoretical understanding of justice is complemented by its interpretations in everyday consciousness, which are reconstructed on the basis of a survey of the representatives of three age groups.
Digitalization of Insurance in a Transforming Economy Based on the Experience of the Republic of Uzbekistan
Authors: Azimov Rustam Sadykovich  , Mirsadikov Miradil Abdullayevich  , Dr.  Shamsuddinov Bakhodir Rakhimovich
Published: September 2024

This article considers the current state of implementation of digital technologies in the insurance industry of Uzbekistan. The authors propose ways to develop an insurance business based on the use of modern information technologies and data analysis. The paper considers the main problems faced by insurance companies in Uzbekistan, such as the low level of public reliance on insurance, lack of qualified personnel and shortcomings in management. Emphasis is placed on the prospects for the development of digital insurance in Uzbekistan and its impact on the economic development of the country. The authors emphasize that digitalization has the potential to significantly improve the efficiency of insurance companies and the quality of customer service. In conclusion, the authors note that digitalization is a necessary condition for the development of Uzbekistan's insurance market in the context of a transforming economy. It is expected that the results of the study will be useful for managers of insurance companies, students, researchers, and all interested parties involved in the development of Uzbekistan's insurance market.
Development of Sustainability Reporting in Zimbabwe: A Comparative Analysis of the United Kingdom, Malaysia and South Africa
Authors: Blessing Dirani
Published: September 2024

Sustainability reporting has emerged as a possible panacea to contemporary challenges that face society, such as climate change, biodiversity, resource scarcity, growing inequality and modern slavery. Zimbabwe introduced its own 'homegrown National Corporate Governance Code in 2015, shortened by Zimcode after years of corporate self-regulation and reliance on the South African and United Kingdom Codes. Corporate governance codes worldwide are constantly changing, and even after the introduction, introspection is still pertinent. Some of the key features of Zimcode are stakeholder inclusivity and sustainability reporting under the gamut of the Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) framework. The novelty of these concepts has led to intense debate regarding their effective application. Malaysia, the United Kingdom, and South Africa have played pioneering roles in the development of these concepts. Given this background, the main objective of this study was to explore how Zimbabwe could gain from the application and experience of these countries in the areas of sustainability reporting and stakeholder engagements. The illustrative Case Study research strategy was used through qualitative descriptive data analysis. The findings were that Zimbabwe should use single international sustainability reporting standards, adopt the ‘apply and explain’ principle, use the integrated thinking concept alongside integrated reporting and apply the concept of proportionality to accommodate entities at various stages of development.
Variety Differentiation in Nigerian Pidgin: A Sociolinguistic Study
Authors: Dr. Eustace Chidi Okere  , Dr. Michael Olugbenga Ajileye
Published: September 2024

Language contact often leads to the development of unique linguistic forms, and Pidgin is one such result in the field of sociolinguistics. It arises out of necessity and acts as a bridge to meet the socio-economic needs of diverse communities speaking different languages. While scholarly discussions usually focus on the structure and origins of Pidgin, this paper shifts attention to uncovering the existing variations, particularly within Nigerian Pidgin. However, distinguishing these varieties presents significant challenges due to sociolinguistic complexities. Nigerian Pidgin, with English as its main influence and Igbo, Hausa, and Yoruba as contributing languages, presents an interesting linguistic landscape. Despite urban areas being mainly inhabited by the same ethnic groups, subtle yet noticeable variations exist within Nigerian Pidgin. These nuances, although seemingly subtle, require thorough exploration because of their sociolinguistic nature. This research seeks to explore the intricate mix of differences found within Nigerian Pidgin. It aims to uncover and understand the social and language-related reasons behind why this language has such diverse variations. By navigating through this linguistic mosaic, the goal is to reveal the subtle yet significant distinctions that characterize the diverse variations of Nigerian Pidgin across communities and regions.
The Phenomenon of Cultural Acculturation in the Association and Marriage of the Younger Generation of the Lani Tribe of Mountainous Papua Province
Authors: Tandius Kogoya
Published: September 2024

This study was conducted to determine the impact of acculturation of social culture and marriage in the younger generation of the Lani tribe because this topic is urgent and necessary to be discussed, reviewed, and researched. The method used in this study is descriptive qualitative research. The results of this study indicate that cultural acculturation has a negative impact on the younger generation of Lani, where many are trapped in new cultures, especially Western culture, and in the end, many generations of Lani die. In addition, the matter of marriage is no longer following the existing norms, such as marrying a fellow clan or marrying his own brother. The proposal of this study is that there needs to be cooperation between parents and the church, pastoral counseling, education and teaching in the church and seminars.
Developing Manual Therapy Frameworks for Dedicated Pain Mechanisms
Authors: Cook Chad E. , Rhon Daniel I. , Bialosky Joel , Donaldson Megan , George Steven Z. , Hall Toby , Kawchuk Greg , Lane Elizabeth , Lavazza Carolina , Lluch Enrique , Louw Adriaan , Mazzieri Anna Maria , McDevitt Amy , Reed William R. , Schmid Annina B. , Silva Anabela G. , Smart Keith M. , Puentedura Emilio J.
Published: September 2024

OBJECTIVE: To create a consensus-based framework of manual therapy treatment approaches for the major mechanisms-based pain classifications established by the International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP) nociceptive, nociplastic, and neuropathic pain.

DESIGN: The hybridized consensus survey included experts who participated in working groups and a survey of external stakeholders.

METHODS: Eighteen working group members created theoretical treatment frameworks for nociceptive, nociplastic, and neuropathic pain mechanisms. The treatment frameworks were then sent to manual therapists and/or pain experts (stakeholders), who rank ordered the frameworks for each mechanism. The mean/median/mode of the rank ordered results was tabulated, and a single framework was identified for each pain mechanism.

RESULTS: Fifteen theoretical frameworks were created for nociceptive (3), nociplastic (6), and neuropathic (6) pain mechanisms. Ninety-six stakeholders rank ordered the framework options, and 1 framework was identified for each pain mechanism. Four of the 10 framework constructs were consistent across each mechanism, whereas notable differences in recommendations were promoted in the other six.

CONCLUSION: There were notable differences across the recommended frameworks, suggesting endorsement modification of manual therapy approaches based on the individual’s dominant pain mechanism. Understanding dominant pain mechanisms may help clinicians tailor care for precision musculoskeletal medicine. JOSPT Open 2023;1(1):48-62. Epub 10 July 2023. doi:10.2519/josptopen.2023.0002
An Online Evidence-Based Education Resource Is Useful and Can Change People’s Perceptions About Running and Knee Health
Authors: Besomi Manuela , Hunt Michael A. , de Oliveira Silva Danilo , Passigli Samuele , Rathleff Michael Skovdal , van Middelkoop Marienke , Barton Christian , Callaghan Michael J. , Harkey Matthew S. , Hoens Alison M. , Krowchuk Natasha M. , Teoli Anthony , Vicenzino Bill , Willy Richard W. , Esculier Jean-Francois
Published: September 2024

OBJECTIVES: To (1) create and evaluate the usefulness of an online evidence-based education resource about running and knee health (eg, knee osteoarthritis) for the public and health care professionals, and (2) assess the online resource’s effects on perceptions about running and knee health.

DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey.

METHODS: We created an online education resource (series of infographics) in 7 languages with community input. Then, we conducted a single-round online survey in which participants rated its usefulness and answered questions on perceptions about running and knee health before and after reading the infographics.

RESULTS: Two thousand six hundred ninety-four participants (1291 members of the general public and 1403 health care professionals; 45.7% with knee osteoarthritis and 67.6% runners) from 60 countries viewed the infographics and responded to the postinfographics questions. The online resource was considered very useful, with a median rating of 9 out of 10. 23.2% of participants reported no change in their perceptions about running and knee health, 46.2% changed a little bit, 19.3% changed a moderate amount, and 11.3% changed a lot. Perceptions of running were more favorable after reading the infographics, especially about the effects of regular and frequent running on knee health, and running in individuals with knee osteoarthritis. Perceptions about running long distances were less favorable after the infographics.

CONCLUSION: Our free online education resource was considered useful by both the public and health care professionals. Overall, the online resource led to more positive perceptions about recreational running and knee health. However, its effects on behavior change and running participation remain unknown. JOSPT Open 2024;2(3):246-255. Epub 9 May 2024. doi:10.2519/josptopen.2024.0149
Safety and Feasibility of a Physiotherapist-Led Strength-Training Program in Patients With Femoroacetabular Impingement Syndrome
Authors: Kierkegaard-Brøchner Signe , Kemp Joanne L. , Lund Bent , Mygind-Klavsen Bjarne , Spoorendonk Kasper , Bohn Marie B. , Dalgas Ulrik , Mechlenburg Inger
Published: September 2024

OBJECTIVE: We aimed to develop and test the feasibility of a 12-week physiotherapist-led supervised strength-training program for patients with femoroacetabular impingement syndrome.

DESIGN: Feasibility study.

METHODS: Fifteen patients (mean age ± standard deviation: 38 ± 7, 11 women) with femoroacetabular impingement syndrome were recruited from 2 orthopaedic outpatient clinics. Patients participated in a hip strength-training program 3 times/week for 12 weeks. Seven supervised sessions were offered with home-based training in between. Feasibility was measured by completion rate, adverse events, and adherence to training (satisfactory rate>75%). Patients completed the 33-item International Hip Outcome Tool (iHOT-33) and the Copenhagen Hip and Groin Outcome Score (HAGOS) at baseline and intervention completion. Maximal isometric hip muscle strength was assessed during hip flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction, and patients performed a single-leg hop for distance.

RESULTS: All 15 patients completed the program. Ninety-six percent of the training sessions were completed, and no adverse events were observed. Clinically relevant changes were seen in maximal isometric hip muscle strength during flexion (mean change [95% confidence interval): 0.20 [0.08;0.32] N·m/kg, extension: 0.34 [0.14;0.55] N·m/kg, abduction: 0.29 [0.13;0.46] N·m/kg, adduction: 0.23 [0.09;0.37] N·m/kg, and hop for distance: 17 [9;24] cm. No significant changes were seen in patient-reported outcomes.

CONCLUSION: The strength-training program was feasible and safe. JOSPT Open 2024;2(3):256-263. Epub 17 April 2024. doi:10.2519/josptopen.2024.0916
Preliminary Evaluation of the Clinimetrics of a Modified Lower Extremity Functional Scale in Older Adults After Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Roush James Richard , Curtis Thomas , Bay R. Curtis , Case Randy , Packard Blair J. , Whipple Robert , James Paul , Heick John D.
Published: September 2024

OBJECTIVE: To conduct a preliminary evaluation of the clinimetrics of a modified version of the Lower Extremity Functional Scale (LEFS) administered to older adults undergoing rehabilitation after total knee arthroplasty.

DESIGN: Prospective pretest-posttest pilot study.

METHODS: Patients who had undergone knee arthroplasty and entered rehabilitation at an outpatient physical therapy clinic completed the modified LEFS for osteoarthritis (LEFS-OA) at evaluation and at discharge. A dependent-samples t test assessed changes in scores between initial evaluation and discharge. The effect size and minimal clinically important difference (MCID) were calculated.

RESULTS: Sixty patients (36 females, 24 males; mean age [standard deviation], 70.21 [9.23] years) participated. Cronbach’s α was 0.89 at evaluation and 0.93 at discharge. The mean (standard deviation) score of the LEFS-OA was 34.27 (12.60) at evaluation and 47.10 (8.61) at discharge ( P<.001). The effect size for change from pretest to posttest was 1.13. The standardized response mean was 1.25. The MCID was 6.30, and 70.0% (42) of patients exceeded the MCID after an average of 12 visits.

CONCLUSION: Preliminary analysis suggested that the LEFS-OA had promising psychometric properties, and further investigation to include criterion validation of this reduced version of the LEFS, after further development, may be justified. JOSPT Open 2024;2(3):240-245. Epub 3 April 2024. doi:10.2519/josptopen.2024.0919
Are US Adults With Chronic Health Conditions Meeting Public Health Recommendations for Physical Activity?
Authors: Alqahtani Sami M. , Pavela Gregory , Pekmezi Dorothy , Lein Donald H. , Ford Eric W. , Fontaine Kevin R.
Published: September 2024

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence of US adults with self-reported chronic health conditions (CHCs) who meet physical activity (PA) recommendations according to their sociodemographic characteristics, number of CHCs, and type of CHCs.

METHODS: Using the 2019 BRFSS, we classified respondents according to the presence of CHCs and adherence to PA recommendations (ie, aerobic, strengthening, both, and neither). Contingency tables with 95% confidence interval of estimates were calculated and weighted to account for the complex sampling design.

RESULTS: Fifty-two and six-tenths percent of US adults self-reported 1 or more CHCs. Among adults with at least 1 CHC, only 18% met both aerobic and strength training PA recommendations. The highest prevalence of nonadherence to both recommendations with CHCs was found among females (37%), those whose age was 45 to 54 years (39%), those who were Hispanic (42%), those with less than high school education (45%), those earning less than $15 000 annually (46%), and those who were obese (43%). Furthermore, as the number of CHCs increased, the prevalence of nonadherence to both PA recommendations increased. The highest prevalence of nonadherence to both PA recommendations was found among those with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (73.4%).

CONCLUSION: Despite PA’s benefits for managing CHCs, only 18% of US adults with self-reported CHCs met both PA recommendations. This underscores the need to provide education on the value of PA, as well as to develop and prescribe PA to those with CHCs. JOSPT Open 2024;2(2):115-124. Epub 14 February 2024. doi:10.2519/josptopen.2024.1130
A Return-to-Performance Pathway for Professional Soccer: A Criteria-based Approach to Return Injured Professional Players Back to Performance
Authors: Mitchell Andrew , Gimpel Mo
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND: Injuries in football (soccer) have a huge financial and performance impact. Teams with fewer injuries and higher player availability have been shown to finish higher in the league than teams with reduced availability and higher injury rates.

CLINICAL QUESTION: Given the economic and competitive implications of injury, how can high-performance practitioners guide players’ return to performance (RTPerf)?

KEY RESULTS: We share a rehabilitation framework with clear progressions and objective criteria to guide decision making at each phase. Upon completing acute management, normal movement patterns are restored, along with strength, endurance, power, and injury-specific function. Objective profiling helps to determine readiness to return to running (RTRunning). Once running, players are reintroduced to on-field sports-specific actions. Players progress through 6 phases, starting with a reloading phase (Grass Phase 1), moving on to more intensive actions (Grass Phase 2), maximum speed and positional drills (Grass Phase 3), and a progressive team training period (Grass Phase 4) before returning to play (RTPlay) (Grass Phase 5). Upon reaching previous injury metrics or higher, with no restrictions on match exposure, the player has returned to performance (Grass Phase 6).

CLINICAL APPLICATION: An 11-phase RTPerf pathway includes examples for practitioners of objective criteria for each phase. The pathway can be adapted for different injury scenarios. JOSPT Open 2024;2(3):166-178. Epub 24 May 2024. doi:10.2519/josptopen.2024.1240
Is it possible to use wound dressings as carriers of bacteriophages and lactobacilli? In vitro study
Authors: Beschastnov V. V. , Shirokova I. Yu. , Belyanina N. A. , Pogodin I. E. , Tulupov A. A. , Tyumenkov Yu. O. , Kovalishena O. V. , Prisada T. V. , Badikov E. F.
Published: September 2024

Objective: To find wound dressings which could incorporate solutions of bacteriophages and lactobacilli and could have potential to overcomemicroorganism resistance to antibiotic therapy.

   Material and methods. Physicochemical and biological properties of 12 samples of wound coverings of different structures and properties which had been used for combustion wounds were analyzed. Wound dressings differed in their keystone structure (biopolymers of natural and artificial origin) and in biodegradability. The following properties of wound dressings were studied in vitro: absorption, biological inertness and duration of viability / lytic activity of staphylococcal bacteriophage and antagonistic activity of L. plantarum inoculum. In addition, own antibacterial activity of wound dressings against S. aureus culture was studied too.

   Research results. Among the studied wound dressings, the largest mass of liquid can be absorbed by the following wound dressings: Likosorb®, Fibrosorb®, Biatraum®, Hitokol-S®. All studied wound coverings are biologically inert towards the staphylococcal bacteriophage (they ensure the formation of zones of S. aureus lysis). Viability of L. plantarum inoculum was promoted by wound coverings OPSITE® Post-Op Visible, Fibrosorb®, Algipran®, Biatraum®. Wound coverings OPSITE® Post-Op Visible, Fibrosorb®, Likosorb® maintain the lytic activity of staphylococcal bacteriophage up to 7 days. L. plantarum viability for up to 2 days was registered in Fibrosorb® wound covering, up to 3 days – in OPSITE® Post-Op Visible. Wound coverings Chitokol-S®, Kollakhit® FA, Algipran® and Aquacel Ag® have their own antibacterial activity against S. aureus; when they were saturated with staphylococcal bacteriophage solution, their antibacterial activity increased.

   Conclusion. Wound coverings with sponge structure based on chitosan and polyurethane exhibit the greatest absorption level of inoculum solutions of L. plantarum and staphylococcal bacteriophage maintaining their viability / lytic activity.
Análise dos casos de trauma que evoluem para morte encefálica e o processo de doação de órgãos
Authors: Silva Rebecca Lisiane Carvalho da , Santos Rafaela Andrade , Santos Fernando José Gomes dos , Fernandes Marla Dienne , Santos Kate Winslet Siqueira dos , Silva Suzy Aparecida Luiz da , Freitas Katiuscia Christiane , Lima Carlos Ferreira de , Santos Maria Clara , Sousa Thais Vilela de
Published: September 2024

Objetivo: Analisar casos de trauma que evoluem para morte encefálica quanto ao processo de doação de órgãos. Método: Estudo quantitativo transversal analítico com pacientes em situação de suspeita de morte encefálica, atendidos em instituição hospitalar de janeiro de 2021 a dezembro de 2022. Foram incluídos os casos de origem traumática e excluídos os que evoluíram para parada cardiorrespiratória antes da confirmação da morte encefálica. Verificaram-se associações entre a caracterização do perfil, o tipo de trauma e o processo de doação de órgãos por meio dos testes Qui-quadrado de Pearson e análise Post hoc. Resultados: A maioria tinha entre 30 e 59 anos e eram do sexo masculino. Estiveram associados ao tipo de trauma a região acometida (p<0,001), o mecanismo (p<0,001), não ser vítima de violência (p<0,001), não autorização familiar para doação (p<0,001), não ser doador efetivo (p<0,012) e o tipo de tecido doado (p<0,005). Conclusão: Sugere-se explorar mais a não efetivação da doação, visto que o número de doadores efetivos esteve muito abaixo se comparado à quantidade de potenciais doadores. Agir sobre as causas pode modificar as taxas de doação e reduzir a lista de espera por transplantes.
Hydroxychloroquine-induced reversible keratopathy in a coronavirus disease 2019 patient: A case report
Authors: Khanavkar Rajat Pramod , Kanade-Sable Aditi , Tamboli Saleem B. , Hannan Abdul
Published: September 2024

The respiratory tract infection known as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was first discovered in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. This disease causes symptoms such as fever, chills, cough and shortness of breath. Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) was used for treatment as well as prophylaxis of mild cases of COVID-19 (postulated mechanism of viral replication reduction). HCQ has known safety in malaria and autoimmune diseases. However, its safety in COVID-19 is not proven. The patient, in this case, was detected COVID-19 reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction positive and was started with Tab. HCQ, along with home quarantine. On day 2, she developed blurred vision and reading difficulty. After obtaining an ophthalmologist referral, no change was made in the treatment. Once 7 days of Tab. HCQ treatment was over, and the vision resolved spontaneously. Cardiac side effects of HCQ have always been a focus, but ocular manifestations also need to be considered. HCQ-induced vortex keratopathy is generally seen after 2 weeks, but this COVID-19 patient developed it within the first 2 days, which makes this case unusual.
United We Stand, Divided We Fall: An Autogenic Perspective on Empowering Cybersecurity in Organizations
Authors: Durcikova Alexandra , Miranda Shaila M. , Jensen Matthew L. , Wright Ryan
Published: September 2024

Cybersecurity groups navigate complex, challenging environments in their mission to protect their organizations. They experience uncertainty from adaptive threats from external attackers and unpredictable stakeholders. Under such volatility, business groups operate best when they are psychologically empowered. Recognizing the potential for empowerment to reduce organizational risk, we sought to learn how cybersecurity groups come to be (dis)empowered and how this (dis)empowerment is sustained. Instead of the conventional view of the empowerment process as designed, we advance an emergent view of the empowerment process. We abductively surface this process from our case analyses of 15 U.S. organizations. We offer three insights: First, organizations with empowered cybersecurity groups enjoy an enhanced level of protection from breaches. Second, we highlight generative rules through which groups become empowered—via their bridging initiatives that co-opt stakeholders into security behaviors and stakeholder responsiveness to bridging, rather than unilaterally applied buffering initiatives. Third, we highlight reinforcing rules through which empowered states persist—via the group’s ability to safeguard organizational information assets, thereby ensuring cybersecurity group viability, continued bridging, and motivated stakeholder responsiveness. For practitioners, our study underscores the interdependence between cybersecurity groups and their stakeholders in securing an organization and posits processes for empowering cybersecurity groups.