bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Cataract Surgery on Vision-Related Quality of Life and Psychological Distress in Monocular Patients
Authors: Li Xuepei , Lin Jianqiang , Chen Zidong , Jin Guangming , Zheng Danying
Published: December 2021

Purpose. To determine the changes in vision-related quality of life and psychological distress after cataract surgery in monocular patients and to compared these with a control group of age- and gender-matched binocular patients. Methods. We enrolled 40 monocular patients and 40 binocular patients who underwent cataract surgery from August 2017 to December 2018. All participants undertook eye examinations and answered questionnaires (the National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire, Self-rating Anxiety Scale, and Self-rating Depression Scale) before and after cataract surgery. Result. The monocular patients had significantly worse mean CDVA than the binocular patients before and after surgery. However, there was no significant difference between the increases gained by the two groups. Mean composite VFQ-25 scores of the monocular group were significantly lower than those of the binocular group before and after surgery, but the improvement experienced by the monocular group was statistically larger than the binocular group (37.20 ± 12.84 vs. 19.11 ± 5.13,

P
<
0.001

). Mean standard SAS scores of monocular patients were significantly higher than those of binocular controls before and after surgery, while monocular patients experienced a significant greater decline of SAS scores (−9.41 ± 5.39 VS −3.84 ± 1.61,

P
<
0.001

). Mean standard SDS scores of the monocular group were significantly higher than those of the control group before and after surgery, but the monocular group experienced a significantly greater decline of SDS scores following cataract surgery (−11.91 ± 6.38 VS −4.78 ± 1.79,

P
<
0.001

). There was a significant correlation between the preoperative logMAR CDVA and both the postoperative logMAR CDVA (r = 0.63,

P
<
0.001

) and the changes in the logMAR CDVA (r = −0.881,

P
<
0.001

) for monocular patients. Linear regression analyses suggested that higher postoperative VFQ-25 scores had significant associations with better preoperative CDVA and the absence of systemic comorbidity (both

P
<
0.05

). Age and ocular comorbidity were significantly associated with postoperative SAS scores (both

P
<
0.05

). Age and systemic comorbidity remained significant impact factors for SDS scores (both

P
<
0.05

). Conclusion. Monocular patients reported greater improvement in vision-related quality of life and greater decline in the level of anxiety and depression than binocular control subjects, despite having similar CDVA gains after cataract surgery. We argue that it is not a better choice for monocular patients to delay cataract surgery until the cataract is very advanced. A clear understanding of the impact of cataract surgery on vision-related quality of life and psychological distress in monocular patients is needed by ophthalmologists when making surgery decision.
Ward-Based Noninvasive Ventilation for Acute Hypercapnic Respiratory Failure Unrelated to Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: Faqihi Bandar M. , Parekh Dhruv , Trethewey Samuel P. , Morlet Julien , Mukherjee Rahul , Turner Alice M.
Published: December 2021

Background. The use of ward-based noninvasive ventilation (NIV) for acute hypercapnic respiratory failure (AHRF) unrelated to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) remains controversial. This study evaluated the outcomes and failure rates associated with NIV application in the ward-based setting for patients with AHRF unrelated to COPD. Methods. A multicentre, retrospective cohort study of patients with AHRF unrelated to COPD was conducted. COPD was not the main reason for hospital admission, treated with ward-based NIV between February 2004 and December 2018. All AHRF patients were eligible; exclusion criteria comprised COPD patients, age < 18 years, pre-NIV pH < 7.35, or a lack of pre-NIV blood gas. In-hospital mortality was the primary outcome; univariable and multivariable models were constructed. The obesity-related AHRF group included patients with AHRF due to obesity hypoventilation syndrome (OHS), and the non-obesity-related AHRF group included patients with AHRF due to pneumonia, bronchiectasis, neuromuscular disease, or fluid overload. Results. In total, 479 patients were included in the analysis; 80.2% of patients survived to hospital discharge. Obesity-related AHRF was the indication for NIV in 39.2% of all episodes and was the aetiology with the highest rate of survival to hospital discharge (93.1%). In the multivariable analysis, factors associated with a higher risk of in-hospital mortality were increased age (odds ratio, 95% CI: 1.034, 1.017–1.051,P<0.001) and pneumonia on admission (5.313, 2.326–12.131,P<0.001). In the obesity-related AHRF group, pre-NIV pH < 7.15 was associated with significantly increased in-hospital mortality (7.800, 1.843–33.013,P=0.005); however, a pre-NIV pH 7.15–7.25 was not associated with increased in-hospital mortality (2.035, 0.523–7.915,P=0.305). Conclusion. Pre-NIV pH and age have been identified as important predictors of surviving ward-based NIV treatment. Moreover, these data support the use of NIV in ward-based settings for obesity-related AHRF patients with pre-NIV pH thresholds down to 7.15. However, future controlled trials are required to confirm the effectiveness of NIV use outside critical care settings for obesity-related AHRF.
Online Discrete Anchor Graph Hashing for Mobile Person Re-Identification
Authors: Xie Liang , Fang Xi
Published: December 2021

With the advance of mobile technologies, mobile devices such as unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) become more important in video surveillance. By applying mobile person re-identification (re-id), mobile devices can monitor pedestrians in the transportation system from complex environments. Since the computing and storage resources of mobile devices are limited, traditional person re-id methods are not appropriate for mobile condition. Besides, mobile person re-id task also requires real-time processing. In this paper, we propose a novel hashing method: online discrete anchor graph hashing (ODAGH) for mobile person re-id. ODAGH integrates the advantages of online learning and hashing technology. In ODAGH, we propose an online discrete optimization algorithm to improve the efficiency of anchor graph learning in the online scenario. Experimental results demonstrate the superiority of ODAGH in terms of both effect and efficiency.
Outer Macular Microvascular Supply in Retinitis Pigmentosa Examined using Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography
Authors: Hong Mingsheng , Wen Jiquan , Lou Jixian , Xu Jiehui , Xu Tingjun
Published: December 2021

Purpose. To determine the vessel density of the superior (SCP) and deep retinal capillary plexuses (DCP) in patients with retinitis pigmentosa (RP) using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). Methods. This was a cross-sectional study. A total of 25 eyes of 25 healthy volunteers and 30 eyes of 17 patients with RP were evaluated in this study. The integrity of the ellipsoid zone in the macular fovea was evaluated as an intact or defect using a spectral-domain OCT. Commercial spectral domain coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) was used to scan the macular region of approximately 3 × 3 mm2. The vessel density in the SCP and DCP were calculated after appropriate layer segmentation and removal of projection artifacts. The central retinal thickness (CRT) was measured with automated software. The vessel densities in the SCP and DCP were compared between different groups using SPSS. Results. A total of 25 eyes of 25 healthy subjects and 30 eyes of 17 patients with RP were evaluated in the study. There was no significant difference in ages between the two groups (F = 0.065 and

P
=
0.937

). There was a significant difference in SCP and DCP between the patients with RP and healthy individuals (

P
<
0.001

and

P
<
0.001

). The DCP was significantly reduced in the parafovea region between the macular intact and defect groups

P
<
0.05

, except in the fovea and nasal regions. After linear regression, the DCP/SCP ratio in the whole, fovea, and parafovea regions was closely related to the DCP vessel density

P
<
0.05

, and CRT in the fovea and parafovea was not related to the whole DCP (

P
=
0.186

and

P
=
0.539

). Conclusion. The vessel density decreased in patients with RP, especially in the DCP of the parafovea region. A greater loss of capillaries in the DCP was found when the macular region was involved. The DCP/SCP ratio may be an important indicator of RP.
New Metabolic, Digestive, and Oxidative Stress‐Related Manifestations Associated with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Authors: Oroian Bianca Augusta , Ciobica Alin , Timofte Daniel , Stefanescu Cristinel , Serban Ionela Lăcrămioara
Published: December 2021

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) represents a pressing and generally invalidating syndrome that is triggered by a terrifying or stressful experience, relying on recurrently reliving the traumatic event feelings associated to it, which is subsequently linked to ongoing activations of stress‐related neurobiological pathways and is often associated with neurodegeneration. In this paper, we examine what lies beneath this disorder, reviewing evidence that connects PTSD with a wide array of mechanisms and its intertwined pathways that can lead to the decompensation of different pathologies, such as cardiovascular disease, gastrointestinal ailments, autoimmune disorders, and endocrine diseases. Also, the significance of the oxidative stress in this frame of reference is debated. Thus, knowing and identifying the main features of the distressing experience, the circumstances around it, as well as the neuropsychological and emotional characteristics of people prone to develop PTSD after going through disturbing incidents can offer an opportunity to anticipate the development of potential destructive consequences in several psychological dimensions: cognitive, affective, relational, behavioral, and somatic. We can also observe more closely the intricate connections of the disorder to other pathologies and their underlying mechanisms such as inflammation, oxidative stress, bacterial overgrowth syndrome, irritable bowel syndrome, metabolic disorders, oxytocin, and cortisol in order to understand it better and to optimize the course of treatment and its management. The complex foundation PTSD possesses is supported by the existing clinical, preclinical, and experimental data encompassed in the current review. Different biological systems and processes such as the hypothalamic‐pituitary‐adrenal axis, sympathetic nervous system, oxidative stress, inflammation, and microbiome suffer modifications and changes when it comes to PTSD; that is why targeted therapies exert tremendous alleviations of symptoms in patients diagnosed with this disorder. Therefore, this implies that PTSD is not restricted to the psychiatric domain and should be viewed as a systemic condition.
A Simulation Analyzing Approach to Estimating the Probability of Airborne Infection Risks in Railway Station Platform Coupling with the Wells-Riley Model and Pathfinder Model
Authors: Dai Yi-Zheng , Chen Yan-Jiao , Zhang Chen-Yang
Published: December 2021

Railway station platforms present a particular challenge, especially during a train departure or arrival where some passengers may have potential conditions that make them vulnerable to airborne infections due to the high density and close proximity of passengers. This study presented a simulation analyzing approach to estimating the probability of airborne infection risks in station platform spaces coupling with the Wells-Riley model and Pathfinder model. We examine the impact of overcrowded area of the station platform on infection rates under various traces of evacuation. The result of the potential risk for three modes is discussed, and the results of the standard model under the same parameter setting are optimised. Next, the impact of the ventilated volume based on uneven distribution of individuals and the exposure time based on evacuation on the infection risk in platform spaces are studied. The relationship between platform spaces overcrowding and the infection risk provided further insights to observe the supporting information.
Research on the Identification and Evaluation of Aerobics Movements Based on Deep Learning
Authors: Zhao Hua , Wang Aibo , Fan Ying
Published: December 2021

A deep learning approach is used in this study to provide insight into aerobics movement recognition, and the model is used for aerobics movement recognition. The model complexity is significantly reduced, while the multi-scale features of the target at the fine-grained level are extracted, significantly improving the characterization of the target, by embedding lightweight multi-scale convolution modules in 3D convolutional residual networks to increase the local perceptual field range in each layer of the network. Finally, using the channel attention mechanism, the key features are extracted from the multi-scale features. To create a dual-speed frame rate detection model, the fast-slow combination idea is fused into a 3D convolutional network. To obtain spatial semantic information and motion information in the video, the model uses different frame rates, and the two-channel information is fused with features using lateral concatenation. Following the acquisition of all features, the features are fed into a temporal detection network to identify temporal actions and to design a behavior recognition system for the network model to demonstrate the network model's applicability. The average scores of students in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group in seven areas: set accuracy, movement amplitude, movement strength, body coordination, coordination of movement and music, movement expression, and aesthetics; the average scores of movement proficiency and body control in the experimental group were also significantly higher than those in the control group, but the differences were not significant. The differences between the eight indicators in the experimental group were not significant when compared to those in the preexperimental group, indicating that intensive rhythm training for students improves secondary school students' comprehension, proficiency, and presentation of aerobics sets.
Identification of Initial Crack and Fracture Development Monitoring under Uniaxial Compression of Coal with High Bump Proneness
Authors: Bi Zuoqing , Liang Han , Hui Qianjia
Published: December 2021

The rock burst proneness of coal is closely related to the coal mass structure. Therefore, the initial crack distribution of high burst proneness coal, its fracture development, and failure process under loading conditions are of great significance for the prediction of rock burst. In this study, high burst proneness coal is used to prepare experiment samples. The surface cracks of the samples are identified and recorded. The internal crack of the sample is detected by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) technology to determine the crack ratio of each sample. Then, 3D-CAD technology is used to restore the initial crack of the samples. Uniaxial compression test is carried out, and AE properties are recorded in the test. The stress-strain curve, the distribution of the fractural points within the sample at different stress states, and the relationship between ring count and stress are obtained. Results show that the stress-strain curves of high burst proneness coal are almost linear, to which the stress-ring count curves are similar. The distributions of fractural points in different bearing states show that the fracture points emerge in the later load stage and finally penetrate to form macrofracture, resulting in sample failure. This study reveals the initial crack distribution of coal with high burst proneness and the fracture development under bearing conditions, which provides a theoretical basis for the prediction technology of rock burst and technical support for the research of coal structure.
Revision Surgery for Symptomatic Adjacent Segment Disc Degeneration after Initial Anterior Cervical Fusion: Is ROI‐C Better than Plate‐Cage Construct?
Authors: Niu Junjie , Song Dawei , Liu Yijie , Wang Heng , Huang Cheng , Yu Hao , Deng Zicheng , Zou Jun , Yang Huilin
Published: December 2021

The optimal revision surgical strategy for patients who develop symptomatic adjacent segment disc degeneration (ASD) is controversial. The risks of intraoperative complications, especially the incidence of dysphagia, were relatively high for revision surgeries. This study was aimed at comparing the efficacy of revision surgery using a traditional plate‐cage construct and zero‐profile anchored spacer (ROI‐C) device in treating symptomatic ASD after initial anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) surgery. Forty‐two patients who developed symptomatic ASD were retrospectively analyzed and classified into two groups (plate‐cage group and ROI‐C group). The clinical and radiological results were compared. We further evaluated the complication of dysphagia and dysphagia‐related risk factors in these patients. The JOA and NDI scores, C2‐7 lordotic angle, and intervertebral space height were significantly improved after revision surgery in both groups. The operative time and intraoperative blood loss both significantly decreased in the ROI‐C group. The incidence of postoperative dysphagia was much lower in the ROI‐C group than in the plate‐cage group (18.75% vs. 57.69%; P = 0.01). The presence of dysphagia after initial surgery (P = 0.003) and revision surgery type (P = 0.01) was significantly related to the presence of dysphagia after revision surgery. These results indicated that both the plate‐cage construct and ROI‐C are effective in treating symptomatic ASD. However, compared with the traditional plate‐cage construct, ROI‐C with less operative time, less blood loss, and lower incidence of dysphagia is more suitable. Furthermore, ROI‐C should preferably be used for patients who present with dysphagia after initial cervical surgery. This study will provide clinical guidance for spinal surgeons to choose the zero‐profile device in treating specific and complicated cases, which will significantly improve the therapeutic efficacy of symptomatic adjacent segment degeneration.
How and When Factors of Agricultural Contribution Influence Urbanization: A Historical Analysis of Tibet
Authors: Liu Song , Li Ming , Liu Ying , Ni Fangzhou , Zhou Chunshan
Published: December 2021

Agriculture Powers Urbanization. How and when agriculture influences urbanization in underdeveloped regions remain poorly understood from an agricultural contribution perspective, specifically the food contribution (FDC), raw materials contribution (MLC), labor contribution (LRC), and market contribution (MTC). This study investigated this issue in the context of Tibet. A Granger causality test (GCT), the impulse response function (IRF), and variance decomposition (VD) were used. The GCT results demonstrated that agricultural contribution factors (ACFs), Granger-cause urbanization, and the IRF and VD results demonstrated that the influences of ACFs on urbanization were various and asynchronous. Both MTC and LRC quickly and positively respond to urbanization; however, LRC currently influences urbanization, whereas MTC influences urbanization currently and in the future. Both MLC and FDC negatively and slowly respond to urbanization; however, MLC currently influences urbanization, whereas FDC will influence urbanization in the future. This study’s findings depict changing trajectories of the role of ACFs in urbanization, elucidating urban–rural transformation.
Research on the Evaluation Model of Educational Management Theory Based on Data Mining from the Perspective of Neural Network
Authors: Zheng Die
Published: December 2021

The improvement of the theoretical quality of education management is an indispensable part of a country’s education modernization. However, the existing research on the evaluation of educational management theory is still relatively small, and there is a lack of scientific educational management theory evaluation model. Designing a comprehensive and accurate educational management theory evaluation model has important theoretical value and practical significance. It is possible to process a lot of information in parallel using the artificial neural network method. By optimizing the artificial neural network, data mining of characteristic information data can be realized. Therefore, this paper uses neural network to conduct data mining on education management theory and conduct a comprehensive system evaluation of education management theory. At the same time, the traditional BP algorithm is improved. To train a neural network with large amounts of data, the BP algorithm uses a lot of gradient calculation, which takes a long time and often results in training going to extremes in the local area. BP neural networks are trained using the particle swarm optimization algorithm, and the backward propagation process in the BP algorithm is replaced with particle swarm iteration. To improve algorithm execution efficiency and speed up neural network training, a large number of gradient operations can be avoided. This can help overcome the limitations of the BP algorithm when dealing with large amounts of data. The improved BP algorithm is applied to the evaluation system of education management theory, and the quality evaluation prediction of management education theory is realized.
Online Classroom Teaching Quality Evaluation System Based on Facial Feature Recognition
Authors: Yuan Fang , Nie Yong
Published: December 2021

With the rapid development of computer big data technology, online education in the form of online courses is increasingly becoming an important means of education. In order to objectively evaluate the teaching quality of online classroom, a teaching quality evaluation system based on facial feature recognition is proposed. The improved (MTCNN) multitask convolutional neural network is used to determine the face region, and then the eye and mouth regions are located according to the facial proportion relationship of the face. The light AlexNet classification based on Ghost module was used to detect the open and close state of eyes and mouth and combined with PERCLOS (percentage of eye closure) index values to achieve fatigue detection. Large range pose estimation from pitch, yaw, and roll angles can be achieved by easily locating facial feature angles. Finally, the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method is used to evaluate students’ learning concentration. The simulation experiments are conducted, and the results show that the proposed system can objectively evaluate the teaching quality of online courses according to students' facial feature recognition.
Evaluation of Anticoagulation Control among Patients Taking Warfarin in University of Gondar Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia
Authors: Liyew Zelalem , Tadesse Abilo , Bekele Nebiyu , Tsegaye Tewodros
Published: December 2021

Introduction. Warfarin is a widely used oral anticoagulant in clinical practice. It has variable intraindividual and interindividual dose response and a narrow therapeutic index. Therefore, it requires frequent and regular international normalized ratio (INR) determination to maintain the INR within the therapeutic range. The study evaluated parameters of anticoagulation control among patients on warfarin. Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted at University of Gondar hospital. A consecutive sampling method was used to recruit study subjects. The anticoagulation control was evaluated by determining the proportion of desired INRs and the proportion of time spent in the therapeutic range (TTR). Logistic regression analysis was used to identify associated factors with adequate TTR. A

P

value <0.05 was used to declare significant association. Result. A total of 338 study subjects were included in the study. The mean age of patients was 48.8 (SD = 16.4) years. Atrial fibrillation was the commonest indication for warfarin therapy. One-third (33%) of study subjects achieved the desired INRs of 2.0–3.0, while about one-tenth (13%) of patients attained good INR control (TTR ≥ 65%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed no significant association of sociodemographic and clinical characteristics with good TTR outcome. Conclusion. The level of anticoagulation control with warfarin among study subjects was very low. The authors recommend to implement a validated warfarin-dose titration protocol and to establish anticoagulation clinics to mitigate the low anticoagulation level.
YOLO-SD: A Real-Time Crew Safety Detection and Early Warning Approach
Authors: Lin Xinwei , Wang Shengzheng , Sun Zhen , Zhang Min
Published: December 2021

Wearing safety rope while working at the loft and over the side of a ship is an effective means to protect seafarers from accidents. However, there are no active and effective monitoring methods on ships to control this issue. In this article, a one-stage system is proposed to automatically monitor whether the crew is wearing safety ropes. When the system detects that a crew enters the work area without a safety rope, it will warn the supervisor. In this regard, a safety rope wearing detection dataset is established. Then a data augmentation algorithm and a boundary loss function are designed to improve the training effect and the convergence speed. Furthermore, features from different scales are extracted to get the final detection results. The obtained results demonstrate that the proposed approach YOLO-SD is effective at different on-site conditions and can achieve high precision (97.4%), recall rate (91.4%), and mAP (91.5%) while ensuring real-time performance (38.31 FPS on average).
Labial Repositioning Using Print Manufactured Polymethylmethacrylate- (PMMA-) Based Cement for Gummy Smile
Authors: Freitas de Andrade Patricia , Meza-Mauricio Jonathan , Kern Ricardo , Faveri Marcelo
Published: December 2021

Treating patients with excessive gingival display (EGD) to provide them with a pleasant smile is a challenge to periodontists. A gummy smile can be due to excessive vertical bone growth, dentoalveolar extrusion, short upper lip, upper lip hyperactivity, or altered passive eruption (APE). In addition, many patients have a lack of lip support due to marked depression of the anterior process of the maxilla. In these cases, lip repositioning using polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) cement could be performed. This article describes a case of EGD with subnasal depression. In the clinical examination, the presence of a marked subnasal depression was found, in which the upper lip lodged during a spontaneous smile. In addition to this, gingival exposure extending from the maxillary molar on one side of the mouth to the one on the opposite side was also found during the spontaneous smile. Therefore, the periodontal surgical intervention proposed consisted of performing a procedure to fill the subnasal depression with PMMA cement. This article describes a digital approach to plan the use of PMMA cement in lip repositioning in a patient with gummy smile and subnasal depression. The patient reported no postoperative complications. Six months after the surgery, the patient revealed a more harmonious smile than before, with reduction in the gingival exposure and new adequate support for and repositioning of the upper lip.
Performance Evaluation Model of Public Resource Trading Platform Using Entropy-Based Gray Clustering Method
Authors: Wang Jian , Fang Jun , Dai Ling , Hu Jun
Published: December 2021

In order to standardize public resource trading activities and improve the operating efficiency of public resource trading platforms, this paper conducts research on the performance of public resource trading platforms. A three-level and 28-dimension performance evaluation index system for public resource trading platform is established by considering the four levels of “input-process-output-effect.” Besides, entropy weight method, gray clustering, and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation are integrated on this basis. Entropy weight method is used to determine the index weight, and the degree value of membership for indexes on gray class is determined based on gray clustering method and converted into a matrix. Then, fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method is used to determine the evaluation value and finally carry out the platform performance evaluation, which provides theoretical support for academic researchers to conduct follow-up research on the performance evaluation of public resource trading platforms.
q
-Rung Orthopair Fuzzy Matroids with Application to Human Trafficking
Authors: Asif Muhammad , Kattan Doha A. , Pamučar Dragan , Ali Ghous
Published: December 2021

The theory of

q

-rung orthopair fuzzy sets (

q

-ROFSs) is emerging for the provision of more comprehensive and useful information in comparison to their counterparts like intuitionistic and Pythagorean fuzzy sets, especially when responding to the models of vague data with membership and non-membership grades of elements. In this study, a significant generalized model

q

-ROFS is used to introduce the concept of

q

-rung orthopair fuzzy vector spaces (

q

-ROFVSs) and illustrated by an example. We further elaborate the

q

-rung orthopair fuzzy linearly independent vectors. The study also involves the results regarding

q

-rung orthopair fuzzy basis and dimensions of

q

-ROFVSs. The main focus of this study is to define the concepts of

q

-rung orthopair fuzzy matroids (

q

-ROFMs) and apply them to explore the characteristics of their basis, dimensions, and rank function. Ultimately, to show the significance of our proposed work, we combine these ideas and offer an application. We provide an algorithm to solve the numerical problems related to human flow between particular regions to ensure the increased government response action against frequently used path (heavy path) for the countries involved via directed

q

-rung orthopair fuzzy graph (

q

-ROFG). At last, a comparative study of the proposed work with the existing theory of Pythagorean fuzzy matroids is also presented.
Decision-Making Method of Qualitative and Quantitative Comprehensive Evaluation of Talents Based on Probability Hesitation Fuzzy Language
Authors: Ji Xueer , Wang Lei , Xue Huifeng , Gao Yufeng
Published: December 2021

A scientific, reasonable, and novel talent evaluation index system is the foundation of talent training and selection. Based on the novel “Man-Machine-Environment System Engineering” (hereinafter referred to as MMESE) theory, this paper proposes a novel talent evaluation index system that considers the ontological attributes and the external environment of the object comprehensively for talent evaluation, which could help the evaluator obtain more accurate evaluation results. Since the comprehensive evaluation of MMESE talents is a complex decision-making problem that is both qualitative and quantitative, a corresponding decision-making method that integrates qualitative and quantitative approaches is proposed here based on probabilistic language entropy and the possibility of superior order relationships. First, the weights of quantitative and qualitative attributes are calculated based on entropy theory and probabilistic fuzzy language. Second, the standard weight vectors of qualitative and quantitative attributes are obtained by adjusting the weight integration coefficients, and the change intervals of the pros and cons between the objects to be evaluated are calculated. Third, the pros and cons of the objects to be evaluated are compared to obtain the possibility degree matrix that describes the priority relationships among the objects, and a ranking vector is derived from the possibility degree matrix to reflect the rankings of the objects’ pros and cons. Finally, this system and the decision-making methods have been verified as scientific and effective.
Expression Recognition Method Using Improved VGG16 Network Model in Robot Interaction
Authors: Wu Shengbin
Published: December 2021

Aiming at the problems of poor representation ability and less feature data when traditional expression recognition methods are applied to intelligent applications, an expression recognition method based on improved VGG16 network is proposed. Firstly, the VGG16 network is improved by using large convolution kernel instead of small convolution kernel and reducing some fully connected layers to reduce the complexity and parameters of the model. Then, the high-dimensional abstract feature data output by the improved VGG16 is input into the convolution neural network (CNN) for training, so as to output the expression types with high accuracy. Finally, the expression recognition method combined with the improved VGG16 and CNN model is applied to the human-computer interaction of the NAO robot. The robot makes different interactive actions according to different expressions. The experimental results based on CK + dataset show that the improved VGG16 network has strong supervised learning ability. It can extract features well for different expression types, and its overall recognition accuracy is close to 90%. Through multiple tests, the interactive results show that the robot can stably recognize emotions and make corresponding action interactions.
Influence of Multiple Interactions in Value Cocreation on Sports Spectators’ Perceived Value of Sports Events
Authors: Wang Zhigang , Cao Rui , Liu Xintao , Zhang Lei , Wang Chao
Published: December 2021

This study analyzed the effects of multiple interactions in value cocreation activities involving sports spectators. Interaction activities for value cocreation at sports events comprise spectator‐athlete and spectator‐staff interactions. A survey of spectators at the 2017 Wuhan Open revealed that spectator‐athlete and spectator‐staff interactions increased spectator perceived value, which in turn increased spectator satisfaction and loyalty. Spectator‐staff interactions had a greater effect on spectator sports event value than did spectator‐athlete interactions. Therefore, organizers of sports events should effectively manage multiple value cocreation interactions to improve spectator satisfaction and loyalty. The present study’s consideration of the effect of multiple interactions in value cocreation extends value cocreation theory.
Feedback: Un pilar fundamental del aprendizaje clínico
Authors: Fuentes Cimma Javiera , Ortega Javiera , Parra Paula , Villagrán Ignacio , Isbej Lorena , Leiva Isabel
Published: December 2021

El feedback o retroalimentación es un proceso que ha sido ampliamente estudiado ya que genera un impacto incomparable en el aprendizaje. En educación en ciencias de la salud, el feedback ha sido reconocido como una estrategia fundamental en el aprendizaje clínico. Más que la entrega de información acerca del desempeño de un estudiante, el feedback constituye un proceso del estudiante, una interacción basada en relaciones, emociones y reflexiones complejas. Lo anterior se vuelve especialmente importante en el contexto clínico, donde los estudiantes se enfrentan a un ambiente desafiante y a una cultura única, en que deben trabajar para desarrollar y demostrar competencias clínicas, integrando conocimientos, habilidades y actitudes. La exposición sistemática de oportunidades de aprendizaje se hace difícil en un contexto clínico impredecible, por lo que la incorporación de feedback de calidad, alineado con el proceso instruccional se vuelve fundamental durante la formación clínica de profesionales de la salud. El siguiente artículo tiene como propósito describir los conceptos que subyacen a una nueva reconceptualización del feedback en educación en ciencias de la salud, haciendo énfasis en las dimensiones especiales del aprendizaje clínico.
Cancer-Specific Mortality in Asian American Women Diagnosed with Gynecologic Cancer: A Nationwide Population-Based Analysis
Authors: Karia Pritesh S. , Tehranifar Parisa , Visvanathan Kala , Wright Jason D. , Genkinger Jeanine M.
Published: December 2021

Background:

Cancer is the leading cause of death in Asian Americans (AA), the fastest-growing U.S. population group. Despite heterogeneity in socioeconomic status and health behaviors by ethnicity, few studies have assessed cancer outcomes across AA ethnic groups. We examined differences in gynecologic cancer mortality between AA ethnic groups and non-Hispanic Whites (NHW).

Methods:

Using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database, we identified ovarian (n = 69,113), uterine (n = 157,340), and cervical cancer cases (n = 41,460) diagnosed from 1991–2016. Competing risk regression was used to compare cancer-specific mortality for AAs by ethnicity, using NHW as the reference population.

Results:

In adjusted analyses, AAs had a lower risk of ovarian [HR, 0.90; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.86–0.94] and cervical cancer death (HR, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.75–0.87) than NHWs, with stronger associations among those ≥50 years at diagnosis [(HRovary, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.82–0.92); (HRcervix, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.67–0.81)]. No overall difference was noted for uterine cancer death (HR, 1.03; 95% CI, 0.97–1.10); however, AAs <50 years at diagnosis had a higher risk of uterine cancer death than NHWs (HR, 1.26; 95% CI, 1.08–1.46). Patterns of cancer mortality were heterogeneous, with Filipino and Chinese women at the highest risk of uterine cancer death and Indian/Pakistani women at the lowest risk of ovarian and cervical cancer death.

Conclusions:

There are significant differences in gynecologic cancer mortality between AAs and NHWs, with heterogeneity by AA ethnicity.

Impact:

Disaggregated analysis of AA is needed to better understand the burden of gynecologic cancer and identify high-risk groups for cancer prevention efforts.
Decellularized Extracellular Matrix Powder Accelerates Metabolic Maturation at Early Stages of Cardiac Differentiation in Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes
Authors: Mesquita Fernanda C.P. , Morrissey Jacquelynn , Monnerat Gustavo , Domont Gilberto B. , Nogueira Fabio C. S. , Hochman-Mendez Camila
Published: December 2021

During fetal development, cardiomyocytes switch from glycolysis to oxidative metabolism to sustain the energy requirements of functional cells. State-of-the-art cardiac differentiation protocols yield phenotypically immature cardiomyocytes, and common methods to improve metabolic maturation require multistep protocols to induce maturation only after cardiac specification is completed. Here, we describe a maturation method using ventricle-derived decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) that promoted early-stage metabolic maturation of cardiomyocytes differentiated from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs). Chemically and architecturally preserved particles (45–500 μm) of pig ventricular dECM were added to hiPSCs at the start of differentiation. At the end of our maturation protocol (day 15 of cardiac differentiation), we observed an intimate interaction between cardiomyocytes and dECM particles without impairment of cardiac differentiation efficiency (approx. 70% of cTNT+). Compared with control cells (those cultured without pig dECM), 15-day-old dECM-treated cardiomyocytes demonstrated increased expression of markers related to cardiac metabolic maturation, MAPK1, FOXO1, and FOXO3, and a switch from ITGA6 (the immature integrin isoform) to ITGA3 and ITGA7 (those present in adult cardiomyocytes). Electrical parameters and responsiveness to dobutamine also improved in pig ventricular dECM-treated cells. Extending the culture time to 30 days, we observed a switch from glucose to fatty acid metabolism, indicated by decreased glucose uptake and increased fatty acid consumption in cells cultured with dECM. Together, these data suggest that dECM contains endogenous cues that enable metabolic maturation of hiPSC-CMs at early stages of cardiac differentiation.
Assessment of Gonadotropin Concentrations Stimulated by Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Analog by Electrochemiluminescence in Girls with Precocious Puberty and Premature Thelarche
Authors: de Souza Kamila Botelho Fernandes , Veiga Melyna Shayanne Pessôa , Martins Gabriela Ráina Ferreira , da Silva Adriana Paula , Fujita Lívia Grimaldi Abud , Tomé Janaíne Machado , Palhares Heloísa Marcelina da Cunha , Borges Maria de Fátima
Published: December 2021

Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the cutoff values of gonadotropin response to gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogs (GnRHas) corresponding to the activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis that could differentiate central precocious puberty (CPP) from premature thelarche (PT) and using the electrochemiluminescence assay method. Methods: A total of 49 girls underwent the stimulation test with an intramuscular injection of 3.75 mg leuprolide acetate. Based on the clinical and laboratory characteristics, they were divided into two groups: CPP (n = 22) and PT (n = 27). Baseline estradiol, luteinizing hormone (LH), and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) were collected before GnRHa administration and LH and FSH at 60 and 120 min, respectively, after GnRHa administration. Results: The girls with CPP presented an increased height Z-score, advanced bone age, and higher baseline LH, FSH, estradiol, and LH/FSH ratio in relation to PT (p < 0.001). Stimulated LH differed significantly between the two groups, and the LH cutoff values were ≥4.29 IU/L (p < 0.001) and ≥3.95 IU/L at 60 and 120 min, respectively (p < 0.001). The LH peak was found at 60 min after stimulation. Conclusions: The GnRHa test is effective in distinguishing CPP from PT, and a single sampling, at 60 min, with LH concentrations above 4.29 may be the parameter of choice with the advantage of greater convenience and practicality.
Várzea do Tietê: projeto e urbanização marginal (Coleção Caramelo Volume 3)
Authors:   Universidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Arquitetura e Urbanismo, Zola Jordana Alca Barbosa
Published: December 2021

Este volume III da Coleção Caramelo originou-se de tese de doutorado cujo escopo inicial englobava um levantamento exaustivo das propostas de aproveitamento humano para a área da várzea do Rio Tietê, compreendida nos limites do município da cidade de São Paulo. No entanto, a tese ultrapassou esse objetivo inicial para caracterizar propostas além do tempo presente. Trata-se de uma região pouco habitada, mesmo atualmente, uma vez que sua altitude quase horizontal a torna sujeita a enchentes periódicas, especialmente durante o verão, devido aos seus meandros alagadiços. A obra se propõe a levar em consideração a construção do anel rodoferroviário que desvia todo trânsito do Estado para fora das atuais marginais, tornando-as ponto de partida para a transformação desse espaço em áreas verdes, sem a impermeabilização do solo.
Long-Term Outcomes After Melody Transcatheter Pulmonary Valve Replacement in the US Investigational Device Exemption Trial
Authors: Jones Thomas K. , McElhinney Doff B. , Vincent Julie A. , Hellenbrand William E. , Cheatham John P. , Berman Darren P. , Zahn Evan M. , Khan Danyal M. , Rhodes John F. , Weng Shicheng , Bergersen Lisa J.
Published: December 2021

Background:

The Melody valve was developed to extend the useful life of previously implanted right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) conduits or bioprosthetic pulmonary valves, while preserving RV function and reducing the lifetime burden of surgery for patients with complex congenital heart disease.

Methods:

Enrollment for the US Investigational Device Exemption study of the Melody valve began in 2007. Extended follow-up was completed in 2020. The primary outcome was freedom from transcatheter pulmonary valve (TPV) dysfunction (freedom from reoperation, reintervention, moderate or severe pulmonary regurgitation, and/or mean RVOT gradient >40 mm Hg). Secondary end points included stent fracture, catheter reintervention, surgical conduit replacement, and death.

Results:

One hundred seventy-one subjects with RVOT conduit or bioprosthetic pulmonary valve dysfunction were enrolled. One hundred fifty underwent Melody TPV replacement. Median age was 19 years (Q1–Q3: 15–26). Median discharge mean RVOT Doppler gradient was 17 mm Hg (Q1–Q3: 12–22). The 149 patients implanted >24 hours were followed for a median of 8.4 years (Q1–Q3: 5.4–10.1). At 10 years, estimated freedom from mortality was 90%, from reoperation 79%, and from any reintervention 60%. Ten-year freedom from TPV dysfunction was 53% and was significantly shorter in children than in adults. Estimated freedom from TPV-related endocarditis was 81% at 10 years (95% CI, 69%–89%), with an annualized rate of 2.0% per patient-year.

Conclusions:

Ten-year outcomes from the Melody Investigational Device Exemption trial affirm the benefits of Melody TPV replacement in the lifetime management of patients with RVOT conduits and bioprosthetic pulmonary valves by providing sustained symptomatic and hemodynamic improvement in the majority of patients.

Registration:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT00740870.
Atrial Fibrillation and Coronary Artery Disease: A Long-Term Perspective on the Need for Combined Antithrombotic Therapy
Authors: Fanaroff Alexander C. , Li Shuang , Marquis-Gravel Guillaume , Giri Jay , Lopes Renato D. , Piccini Jonathan P. , Wang Tracy Y.
Published: December 2021

Background:

Older adults with atrial fibrillation (AF) are often treated with the shortest possible duration of antiplatelet/anticoagulant therapy after myocardial infarction (MI) or percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) due to concern for bleeding. However, the risk of recurrent MI or PCI prompting antiplatelet therapy extension is unknown in this population.

Methods:

Using the National Cardiovascular Data Registry linked to Medicare claims, we described the cumulative incidence of recurrent MI or PCI over a median of 7-year follow-up for patients ≥65 years old with AF discharged alive after acute MI between 2008 and 2017. We used pharmacy fill data to describe the proportion of patients filling prescriptions for both oral anticoagulants and P2Y
12
inhibitors for ≥50% of the indicated duration after MI or PCI.

Results:

Of 187 622 older patients discharged alive after MI, 50 539 (26.9%) had AF. Over a median of 7-year follow-up in patients with AF, the cumulative incidence was 14.5% for recurrent MI, 12.1% for PCI, 7.9% for stroke, and 9.5% for bleeding hospitalization. Among 7998 patients with AF and recurrent MI or PCI, 1668 (20.9%) had >1 MI or PCI during follow-up. Assuming each MI or PCI should be followed by 6 months of P2Y
12
inhibitor therapy, patients with AF who had a recurrent MI/PCI had a median estimated indication for antiplatelet/anticoagulant treatment of 287 days (194, 358), but filled both P2Y
12
inhibitor and oral anticoagulant for a median of 0 days (0, 21). In this cohort, 12.2% of patients filled prescriptions for both a P2Y
12
inhibitor and oral anticoagulant for ≥50% of the indicated duration.

Conclusions:

Older adults with AF and MI have high incidences of downstream recurrent MI or PCI requiring extended antiplatelet/anticoagulant therapy durations, yet many appear to be under-treated. These results highlight the need for better thrombosis prevention strategies in this group of patients.