bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Estimate for the Numerical Radius of the Hilbert Space Operators and a Numerical Radius Inequality
Authors: RASHID M. H.M. , BANI-AHMAD Feras
Published: August 2022

We give several sharp inequalities involving powers of the numerical radii and the usual operator norms of Hilbert space operators. These inequalities , which are based on some classical convexity inequalities for nonneg-ative real numbers and some operator inequalities, generalize earlier numerical radius inequalities.
Association of candidate genes (ALR2, RAGE, and VEGF) polymorphisms with diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetic patients in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Authors: Jehanzeb Mamoona , Khan Najeeb Ullah , Hussain Mahfooz , Subrina Jesmin , Mustafa Adeela
Published: August 2022

AIM: To evaluate the aldose reductase (ALR2, rs759853), receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE, rs2070600), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF, rs833061) association with diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetic patients in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa population.Methods: A Case control study was conducted on a total of 550 subjects consisting of 186 with diabetic retinopathy (DR) having type 2 diabetes, 180 had type 2 diabetes (T2DM), and 184 healthy controls (HC). All the samples were subjected to DNA isolation using salting-out method followed by SNP genotyping through Tetra-ARMS PCR. Chi square and Exact Fischer tests were used for allele and genotype distribution. Odd ratio and confidence interval values were found out by online software Medcalc Odd ratio Calculator.Results: Multiple parameters such as random blood sugar (RBS) (p<0.001), fasting blood sugar (FBS) (p<0.001), HbA1c (p<0.001), total cholesterol (p<0.001), LDL (p<0.001), HDL (p<0.001), BMI (p<0.001) and hypertension (p=0.018) showed strong association with DR as compared to DM and HC. Our results showed that VEGF rs833061 (p<.001) and RAGE rs2070600 (p<.001) polymorphism was strongly associated with an increased risk of DR. The odd ratio of CC genotype in VEGF (0.262, 95% CI=0.129-0.531) and AA genotype in RAGE (0.59, 95% CI=0.032-0.110) was noted. However, the significance in ALR2 rs759853 gene polymorphism was observed at (p=0.001). Conclusion: There is a statistically significant association of VEGF rs833061 and RAGE rs2070600 with diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetic patients. Also, this is the first study to report the association of RAGE with diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetes in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa population.
Removal of breast cancer artifact based on auto-correlation function
Authors: Pour Javad Nouri , Pourmina Mohammad-Ali , Ghalamkari Behbod , Moghadasi Mohammad-Naser
Published: August 2022

Ultra-wide band (UWB) micro-wave imaging has been proposed as a new method to diagnose breast tumors. An artifact is considered one of the imaging issues. This study focuses on current methods in this field. First, different artifact removal approaches are reviewed, where the aims of most signal processing methods include skin artifact removal and diagnosis of the existence and position of malignant lesions. Then, to improve the artifact removal, we design a signal with linear frequency modulation (LFM) intra-pulse modulation and constant pulse repetition interval (PRI) inter-pulse modulation. Here, the received and submitted signs of the skin are removed by using the auto-correlation function. The simulation results show that this proposed method has minor errors compared to the other methods.
Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of GATA gene family in wheat
Authors: Sun Yumeng , Li Chunyue , Chang Qihang , Guo Changhong , Bai Yan
Published: August 2022

Background: GATA gene family is a transcription factor in eukaryotes, which plays an important role in plant growth and development, cell differentiation, decomposition and apoptosis, and plant response to environmental changes. However, no genome-wide analysis of this gene family has been reported in wheat.Results: In this study, 79 members of wheat GATA family were identified based on wheat genome information and named TaGATA01 ~ TaGATA79. The gene structure, phylogeny, chromosome distribution, physical and chemical properties, conserved motifs and cis-acting elements of TaGATA family members were systematically analyzed by bioinformatics methods. The results showed that TaGATA family members encoded 146 ~ 499 amino acids, with isoelectric points ranging from 4.76 to 10.12 and instability index ranging from 41.99 to 86.02, which were all unstable proteins; Phylogenetic tree results showed that 79 TaGATA transcription factors were divided into six subfamilies, and members of the same subfamily had highly similar gene structure; MG2C was used to analyze the chromosomes, and it was found that TaGATA family members were unevenly distributed on 21 chromosomes; Plant CARE was used to identify 10 Plant hormone-related elements and 4 stress-related elements, among which TaGATA12 contained the most cis-acting elements and TaGATA55 contained the least cis-acting elements. qRT-PCR was used to analyze the expression levels of 23 TaGATA genes in different tissues and different abiotic stresses. It was found that most of the genes were highly expressed in stem, but few in panicle; Most genes were up-regulated under ABA stress and some genes were down-regulated under low temperature stress.Conclusions: It was found that GATA transcription factors may be involved in the regulation of low temperature, drought and other stress responses of wheat, and play an important role in plant response to abiotic stress. This study analyzed the bioinformatics characteristics of each member of wheat GATA family and laid a theoretical foundation for the subsequent research on its functions.
Structure Design verification with Electrical Dynamic, Thermal Stress and Current Sharing Analysis for CRAFT Converter
Authors: Wang Zhongma , Shi Chaoyi , Gao Xianhe , Zhang Sheng , Lu Jun , Huang Liansheng
Published: August 2022

During the design process of fusion power supplies, structure designs is a very important step for safety operation of fusion device. In this paper, the electric dynamic analysis based on the worst fault current and thermal stress analysis with maximum steady temperature are finished, respectively. In addition, a simple research method of current sharing characteristics of converter bridge arm by Q3D modeling with Simplorer is proposed, the results show that the current sharing characteristics are prosperous. Finally, the structural design of CRAFT converter meets the requirements, and the prototype will be manufactured later.
Effect of concentration of polyurethane on the anticorrosive property of Vanillin based benzoxazine - A Thermal, Electrochemical and Quantum approach
Authors: K Jayanthi , M Sivaraju , P Shanmugasundaram
Published: August 2022

Benzoxazine monomer prepared from vanillin and n-butylamine is characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, FT-IR and UV visible spectroscopic techniques. The synthesized monomer is coated on the mild steel with polyurethane (PU) hardener and cured. The thermal properties of the monomer with and without polyurethane hardener were studied by TGA and DSC methods. The effect of various concentrations of the PU hardener with the benzoxazine monomer on hardness, water absorption, and gel absorption was investigated. Various concentrations of PU hardener with benzoxazine coating (VaBZ-PU) on the mild steel were investigated by the electrochemical impedance and polarisation studies. The study revealed that the increasing concentration of PU in the coating with the benzoxazine increased their thermal, chemical and anticorrosive properties. The DFT calculations are performed to support the anti-corrosive ability of the material.
Diagnostic Accuracy of Artificial Intelligence Algorithm incorporated into MobileODT Enhanced Visual Assessment for triaging Screen Positive Women after Cervical Cancer Screening
Authors: Shamsunder Saritha , Mishra Archana , Kumar Anita , Beriwal Rajni , Ahluwalia Charan , Das Sujata
Published: August 2022

Introduction : The goal of cervical cancer screening is to detect precancerous precursor lesions that can be treated in the preinvasive stage. Colposcopy is important for triaging of any abnormal cervical screening test. Scarcity of trained Colposcopists and colposcopy centres is a big hurdle to screening programs in lower and middle income countries. Objectives of the study: The objective was to assess the performance of the Artificial Intelligence based incorporated into the MobileODT Enhanced Visual Assessment (EVA Visual Check) against physician colposcopic diagnosis and the gold standard of histopathology.Material and Methods: A cross sectional observational study was conducted on women referred to our colposcopy clinic following an abnormal screening test. Colposcopic examination was performed by trained physicians using the mobile optical device technologies (ODT) Enhanced Visual Assessment (EVA) system and the images were saved. The physician colposcopic impression was recorded, biopsy performed if any acetowhite lesions were found. Images taken with the EVA system were uploaded on a cloud and analysed by the Visual Check algorithm. Correlation of Physician impression using the mobile ODT colposcope was compared with the Visual Check analysis. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value of physician’s impression and Visual Check analysis was compared with the final histopathological analysis or cytology . Cases with normal cytology and normal colposcopy did not undergo biopsy and these were considered normal.Result: We studied 147 women, EVA Visual check had a Sensitivity of 86.8% (75-95), Specificity 28.7% (20-39), Positive Predictive Value of 40.7% (32-50) and negative predictive value of 79.4% (62-91) and diagnostic accuracy of 49.7% (41-58) for CIN 1+ lesions. EVA visual check has sensitivity 89.3% (72-98),specificity 26.1% (18-35), PPV 22.1% (15-31), NPV 91.2% (76-98) and diagnostic accuracy of 38.1% (30-46) for CIN 2 + lesions. Physician impression had a sensitivity of 86.8% (75-95), specificity of 81.9% (73-89) positive predictive value(PPV) 73.0% (60-83) negative predictive value (NPV) 91.7% (84-97) and diagnostic accuracy 83.7% (77-89) as compared to histopathological diagnosis of CIN1+ lesions and sensitivity of 92.9% (76-99) ,specificity of 68.9% ( 60-77%) ,positive predictive value (PPV) 41.3% (29-54) ,negative predictive value (NPV) 97.6% ( 92-100) and diagnostic accuracy 73.5% (66-80) as compared to histopathological diagnosis of CIN 2 + lesions as the gold standardConclusion: Mobile ODT EVA colposcope with AI has sensitivity comparable to physician’s diagnosis while specificity ,PPV and NPV was less than that of physician diagnosis. It is valuable for triage of screen positive women for further management.
Human Embryonic Stem Cell-derived Cerebral Organoids for Treatment of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in a Mouse Model
Authors: Kim Jong-Tae , Cho Sung Min , Youn Dong Hyuk , Kim Tae Yeon , Han Sung Woo , Park Chan Hum , Lee Younghyurk , Hong Eun Pyo , Jung Harry , Lee Jae Jun , Rhim Jong Kook , Park Jeong Jin , Ahn Jun Hyong , Kim Heung Cheol , Cho Yong Jun , Jeon Jin Pyeong
Published: August 2022

Objective: There are no effective treatments for relieving neuronal dysfunction after mild traumatic brain injury (TBI). Here, we evaluated therapeutic efficacy of human embryonic stem cell-derived cerebral organoids (hCOs) in a mild TBI model, in terms of repair of damaged cortical regions, neurogenesis, and improved cognitive function. Methods: Male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into sham-operated, mild TBI, and mild TBI with hCO groups. hCOs cultured at 8 weeks were used for transplantation. Mice were sacrificed at 7 and 14 days after transplantation followed by immunofluorescence staining, cytokine profile microarray, and novel object recognition test.Results: 8W-hCOs transplantation significantly reduced neuronal cell death, recovered microvessel density, and promoted neurogenesis in the ipsilateral subventricular zone and dentate gyrus of hippocampus after mild TBI. In addition, increased angiogenesis into the engrafted hCOs was observed. Microarray results of hCOs revealed neuronal differentiation potential and higher expression of early brain development proteins associated with neurogenesis, angiogenesis and extracellular matrix remodeling. Ultimately, 8W-hCO transplantation resulted in reconstruction of damaged cortex and improvement in cognitive function after mild TBI. Conclusion: hCO transplantation may be feasible for treating mild TBI-related neuronal dysfunction via reconstruction of damaged cortex and neurogenesis in the hippocampus.
Predictive value of focal adhesion-related genes for prognosis and response to immunotherapy in glioma patients
Authors: Ji Qiankun , Tu Zewei , Jiang Yuan , Liu Xinjun , Zhu Xingen , Huang Kai , Li Jingying
Published: August 2022

Background
Focal adhesions (FAs) allow cells to contact the extracellular matrix, helping to maintain tension and enabling signal transmission in cell migration, differentiation, and apoptosis. FAs are also implicated in changes in the tumor microenvironment (TME) that lead to malignant progression and drug resistance. However, there are still few studies on the comprehensive analysis of focal adhesion-related genes (FARGs) in glioma.
Methods
Expression data and clinical information of glioma samples were downloaded from public databases. Two distinct subtypes were identified based on FARGs using an unsupervised consensus clustering algorithm. A scoring system with outstanding clinical application value was constructed using different algorithms. RT-qPCR, western blotting, and immunohistochemistry staining were used to detect the expression of COL1A2. Cell lines stably knockdown and overexpressing COL1A2 were constructed by plasmids transfection. Wound healing assay, clone formation, and transwell assay were used for mechanism exploration. A cell co-culture experiment was used to study the effect of Jurkat cells on the viability of GBM cell lines after knockdown and overexpression of COL1A2.
Results
The prognosis outcome and TME characteristics are significantly different between the two subtypes. The nine-genes scoring system can not only effectively predict the prognosis outcome of glioma patients, but also contribute to predicting the immunotherapy response of glioma patients. COL1A2 is up-regulated in glioblastoma (GBM) tissues and GBM cell lines and is closely related to the prognosis outcome of glioma patients. COL1A2 is involved in the regulation of the biological behavior in GBM and may be a key molecule in the changes in TME of GBM.
Conclusion
FARGs is involved in the tumorigenesis and progression of glioma. The novel molecular subtypes and scoring system identified based on FARGs have outstanding clinical application value. It is of great significance to explore the molecular mechanism of FARGs in glioma for finding new therapeutic targets.
Bending of electric field lines and photon trajectories in a static gravitational field
Authors: Singal Ashok
Published: August 2022

It is well known that the photon trajectories follow a curved path in a gravitational field. We explore here the gravitational bending of electric field lines. It seems that the electric field lines of a charge, supported in a gravitational field, follow exactly the trajectories of photons emitted isotropically from a source situated at the charge location. From a detailed examination of the electrostatic field of a charge accelerated uniformly in the instantaneous rest frame, exploiting the strong principle of equivalence, one can determine the bending of the electric field lines of a charge in a gravitational field.The fraction of electric field lines crossing a surface, stationary above or below the charge in the gravitational field, is shown to be exactly similar to the fraction of photon trajectories intersecting that surface, emanating from a source lying at the charge location. On the other hand, for a freely falling charge in the gravitational field there is no such bending of electric field lines. The field lines continue to extend in radial straight lines from the instantaneous 'present' position of the charge, as do the trajectories of photons streaming away from the instantaneous position of a freely falling source in the gravitational field. The electric field configuration of a freely falling charge in the gravitational field is shown to be exactly the same as that of a charge moving uniformly in an inertial frame with velocity equal to the instantaneous ``present'' velocity of the freely falling charge.
Subtype frequency, demographic features, treatment and outcome of Juvenile Arthritis in one centre in Abu Dhabi in the United Arab Emirates.
Authors: Khawaja Khulood , Kalas Rama , Ibrahim Neamat
Published: August 2022

Background:Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects 1 in 1000 children worldwide. Our population in the United Arab Emirates is diverse. The primary objective of this study is to describe the subtype frequency and demographic features of our patients and the secondary objective is to look at treatments received and outcome of our patients. Methods:Patients with the diagnosis of JIA identified through the hospital electronic medical records system (EMR), which was implemented for all medical documentation in January 2011. All patients included are patients who presented to our center for treatment and follow up from 2011 to end of 2021. Retrospective case notes review of patients electronic medical records with the diagnosis of JIA was performed. Results138 patients in total. Oligoarticular subtype was the most represented with 75 patients (55%) followed by Rheumatoid factor negative polyarticular JIA with 32 patients (23%) then Enthesitis related arthritis (ERA) with 10 patients (7%) then psoriatic (6%) then systemic JIA (5%). Undifferentiated subtype of 2 %. The most diagnostic delay is in enthesitis related arthritis subtype with a mean of 11.4 months (6-25) followed by undifferentiated JIA with a mean of 7.5 months (4-8.5). 131 (96%) out of 138 received steroid treatment. Only 6 patients did not receive steroids. Out of 138 patients, 101 (73 %) were on synthetic disease modifying medication methotrexate. 68 patients out of the total 138 required biologic treatment (49%). In total 93 patients achieved clinical remission (67%). In remission on treatment 78 patients which is (56%) of the total number of patients with follow up ranging from 1 to 5 years and 84% of patients in remission. In remission off treatment 15 patients (11% of all patients and 16% of patients in remission). ConclusionThe most common subtype in our cohort of patients is Oligoarticular JIA. Longest delay is for ERA subtype.All our patients with Oligoarticular JIA received Intra articular steroid injection as first line treatment. 49% of our patients received biologic treatment similar to rate in Northern Europe. Our remission rate is 67% with 11% of patients are in remission off treatment. Access to care remains the main determinant in improving out come and avoiding poor outcome for our cohort of patients.
Fatigue life and damage evaluation of Glass Fiber Reinforced Unsaturated Polyester Composite Materials Based on recycled Polyethylene terephthalate (rPET)
Authors: Singh Ashwani Kumar , Bedi Raman
Published: August 2022

Waste polyethylene terephthalate (PET) in the atmosphere creates an environmental concern. The use of waste PET as a matrix in a composite lowers the cost and environmental impact. In this study, the unsaturated polyester resin (rPET-UPR) is extracted from waste PET through the chemical recycling route (glycolysis) for the fabrication of four-ply glass fiber composites laminate of stacking sequence [0/(± 45)2/0]T. fatigue tests were performed at the stress ratio of 0.1, where the stress level varied from 40–80% of the ultimate tensile strength (UTS). The results of fatigue tests showed that the fatigue life of composites based on rPET-UPR was lower as compared to virgin polyester matrix composite probably due to weak interfacial properties and higher degradation of rPET-UPR matrix. Moreover rPET-UPR glass fiber composite had comparable fatigue performance. With increasing the fatigue loading cycle nonuniform and rapid damage growth were observed at high-stress levels however more uniform damage zone was observed at the low-stress level. From the fatigue fracture surface the fiber pullout, fiber pullout and fiber breakage, and fiber breakage failure mode was observed at 80%, 60%, and 45% stress level respectively while fiber pullout from intermediate ply had been observed might be due to weak interface and greater load transfer to intermediate ply after the failure of outer ply (UD). FE-SEM results revealed that excessive matrix damage was observed at low-stress level. The magnitude of stiffness degradation increased with decreasing the stress level might be due to excessive matrix damage.
Pressure-induced phase separation for microstructural formation control in supercritical polymer solution: A promising solution enhancing mechanical properties of flash-spun filament
Authors: Wee Jae-Hyung , Bae Younghwan , Cho Nam Pil , Kim Moo Sung , Lee Won Jun , Yeo Sang Young
Published: August 2022

Flash-spun nonwoven (FS-NW) is gaining attention in the PPE field due to its excellent barrier and mechanical properties resulting from its non-uniform diameter distribution and unique filament morphology. The unique network structure of flash-spun filaments (FSF) comprising the FS-NW can be controlled by phase separation behavior in the supercritical fluid (SCF) process. This study proposes a simple method to control the microstructure of FSFs by controlling the pressure-induced phase separation (PIPS) process in polymer/SCF solution. This phase separation behavior of an HDPE/SCF solution was confirmed by using a high-pressure view cell. A multistage nozzle allowing for phase-separated pressure to form different phases was also designed. HDPE-FSFs were synthesized by flash-spinning, and their morphology, crystallinity, and mechanical properties were investigated. The results demonstrated that the filaments obtained by PSP control at 220°C and with an HDPE concentration of 8 wt% showed a network structure composed of strands, wherein the diameters ranged from 1.39 to 40.9 µm. Optimal FSF was obtained at 76 bar, with a crystallinity of 65.6% and a tenacity of 2.88 g/d. The PIPS method can thus effectively control the microstructure more feasibly than temperature- or solvent-induced techniques and can allow the effective synthesis of various products.
Predictions of damages from Atlantic tropical cyclones: a hierarchical Bayesian study on extremes
Authors: Dietz Lindsey , Arya Sakshi , Chatterjee Snigdhansu
Published: August 2022

Bayesian hierarchical models are proposed for modeling tropical cyclone characteristics and their damage potential in the Atlantic basin. We model the joint probability distribution of tropical cylone characteristics and their damage potential at two different temporal scales, while taking several climate indices into account. First, a predictive model for an entire season is developed that forecasts the number of cyclone events that will take place, the probability of each cyclone causing some amount of damage, and the monetized value of damages. Then, specific characteristics of individual cyclones are considered to predict the monetized value of the damage it will cause. Robustness studies are conducted and excellent prediction power is demonstrated across different data science models and evaluation techniques.
Identification and Segregation of Genes with Improved Recurrent Neural Network Trained with Optimal Gene Level and Mutation Level Features
Authors: Pukhta Irfan Rashid , Rout Ranjeet Kumar
Published: August 2022

Background
With containing chemical bases that encode a protein, genes influence the foundations of life. Mutations are changes throughout a gene that has the potential to affect the function of a protein. Whenever a mutation causes uncontrollable cellular proliferation, cancer arises. Accordingly, the tumor progression and mutations classified as drivers provide a growth advantage, whilst passengers just don't.
Methods
The goal of this research is to develop an effective classification system for discriminating between driver and passenger mutations from a methodological standpoint. A new gene identification and segregation model is presented in this research article. "(a) pre-processing, (b) treatment of class imbalances, (c) feature extraction, (d) feature selection, and (e) gene classification" are the five primary steps of the proposed model. To improve the quality of the data, the obtained raw data is first pre-processed through "data cleaning and data normalization". This transforms the raw data into something usable as well as effective. In reality, the dataset is skewed, with driver mutation labels appearing in far fewer instances than passenger mutation labels. To tackle the class imbalance problem, the pre-processed data is handled using enhanced K-Means + SMOTE. The most significant characteristics, such as gene-level features and mutation level features, are then retrieved from the balanced dataset. To decrease the computational burden in terms of time, the most optimum features are picked from the retrieved features using Forensic Interpretation Customized Hunger Food Search Optimization (FIHFSO). The traditional Hunger Games Search (HGS) and Forensic-Based Investigation Optimization (FBIO) are conceptually combined in this FIHFSO. The deep learning classifier that performs the segregation process is trained using the specified optimum features (using FIHFSO). A new improved Recurrent Neural Network (I-RNN) is introduced in this study effort for making the final judgment regarding the genes (i.e., classification of driver and passenger genes). Finally, the projected mode is validated to demonstrate its dominance in terms of categorization.
Results
The I-RNN model has been compared over the existing classifiers like CNN, LSTM, DBN, Bi-GRU, SVM, DRIVE (Dragomir et al., 2021) and EARN (Mirsadeghi et al., 2021), respectively. I-RNN model has recorded the highest accuracy as 95.5%, which is better than the existing models. The major reason behind this performance enhancement in due to the MSE loss function introduced within it. In addition, I-RNN model has recorded the minimal FPR as well as FNR.
Conclusion
The projected model is said to be highly significant for gene classification owing to its comparative high accuracy. The quantitative identification and segregation of passenger and driver genes in cancer datasets will contribute to precision medicine in oncology.
Comparing knowledge-based 3D Reconstruction to Conventional MRI Algorithms Measuring Left Cardiac Chamber Volumes in Pediatrics
Authors: Ahmad Attila , Windram Jonathan , Eckersley Luke
Published: August 2022

Objectives: Compare accuracy of 3D knowledge-based reconstruction (3D KBR) algorithm to standard measurement of left atrial (LA) and left ventricle (LV) volumes.Background: Accurate measurement of LV and LA volume is essential in assessing cardiac function. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) is the gold standard, but analysis is relatively time consuming. Our study compared analysis time and agreement of 3D KBR algorithm to conventional CMR. Methods: CMR studies of children aged 3-17 years with iron-overload were analyzed. DiCOM data was uploaded into the 3D KBR software calculated the LA and LV volumes in end systole and diastole, and ejection fraction. LA volumes were calculated using biplane method. LV measurements were calculated using Simpson's method (using a short axis stack) (SAX) technique. These methods were compared using intraclass coefficients (ICC) and Bland-Altman plots.Results: 71 CMR studies of 31 patients were analyzed. No mean bias between SAX and VMS (Ventripoint software) measurement of LV end diastolic volume (EDV), biplane and VMS measurements of LA end systolic volume (ESV) or LA EDV were found. A small positive bias in VMS LV ESV; with moderate agreement in LV EDV, LA ESV and LV ejection fraction (EF)/ LA EF and wider limits of agreement in LV ESV and LA EDV. Excellent correlation between SAX and VMS in measuring LV volumes, biplane and VMS LA volumes. Interobserver agreement for VMS LV and LA volumes were excellent. VMS LV analysis time was 2.43 min and VMS LA analysis time was 1.46 min.Conclusion: 3DKBR offers a time efficient alternative with comparable accuracy to the current LV and LA measurements used in clinical practice.
Outsourced Databases in the Cloud: A Privacy-Preserving Indexing Scheme
Authors: Sobati-Moghadam Somayeh
Published: August 2022

Cloud computing becomes a popular and successful paradigm for data outsourcing. Cloud computing has developed as an affordable and realistic alternative to in-house data centers. However, security and privacy concerns have arisen and are still a great barrier. To mitigate these concerns , several authors proposed to use Property-Preserving Encryption (PPE) schemes. PPE schemes enable storing and processing queries over encrypted data. But, such schemes inherently leak some information about plaintexts that could jeopardize data privacy. In this article, we address the crucial issue of protecting data privacy when performing queries on it in an untrusted cloud. We introduce new order-preserving indexing schemes that allow queries to be carried out efficiently through encrypted data. We consider a robust security model and improve security strength with a complementary order-obfuscating technique. The proposed indexing schemes preserve the expressiveness of state-of-the-art PPE schemes while at the same time offering stronger security protections compared to pre-used schemes. We provide formal proofs of the security of our schemes and prove that they meet standard notions of security against a strong adversary model. We theoretically evaluate and compare our schemes with current PPE schemes. Analytically, we show the superiority of the proposed schemes relative to on-the-shelf PPE schemes. Our comparison demonstrates some interesting insights concerning the overall security and efficiency .
An improved trust-based security framework for IoT Health Care Monitoring System
Authors: P.N. Renjith , K Ramesh , S Balasubramani
Published: August 2022

The health care system has made an innovative advancement by integrating the Internet of Things. Each IoT health care device is equipped with many sensors which are adept at sensing the information from the patient. The gateway sensor aggregates all the sensed data and sends it to the cloud storage. The data are processed and forwarded from the cloud to the doctor’s interface. Even though the utilization of IoT has grown exponentially, security remains a major impediment in many applications. It is possible to inject false information, modify or steal vital information at various stages of an IoT-based health care system. These adversary attacks are grave crimes, and they may cost lives. Therefore, the security of the IoT-based health care system should be considered the primary design objective. In this paper, a digitally signed trust evaluation-based security mechanism is designed to enhance end to end security of the sensed information and protection of human life. This paper presents a framework that works effectively against malicious attacks and secures vital information from external attacks. The effectiveness of the framework is validated through extensive simulations.
Oncogenicity of EBV-infected natural killer T cells deteriorate EBV-related hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis
Authors: Cui Tingting , Huang Mingzhu , Wang Yuan , Lin Zhengfang , Su Xiaoling , Li Weidong , Luo Qi , Li Kaiyi , Wang Chunyan , Zheng Runhui , Wang Zhongfang
Published: August 2022

Background
Why Epstein–Barr virus-related hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (EBV-HLH) undergoes remission shortly after treatment and relapses rapidly and whether EBV infection in natural killer (NK)/T cells contributes to the deterioration of EBV-HLH are unknown.
Methods
EBV cell tropism and anti-EBV host cellular immunity were compared based on multicolor flow cytometry technique between EBV-HLH survivors and those who died to explore the key factors associated with the deterioration of HLH progression. Transcriptomics was performed to reveal the underlying mechanisms of EBV-HLH deterioration.
Results
In the deceased cases, EBV infection spread to NK (CD3-CD56+, 84.3%) and/or NKT (CD3 + CD56+, 67.9%) cells with a highly proliferating profile, whereas the infection was only limited to B cells in survivors. Although a similar low NK activation (< 1,000/million peripheral blood mononuclear cells) was observed at hospital admission, deceased cases had higher levels of NK cell degranulation (5,250 and 73,905 CD107a + NK cells for patients 1 and 2, respectively) and NK cytotoxicity and higher levels of EBV-specific CD4 + and CD8 + T cell response than survivors at the deterioration timepoint. Meanwhile, no cytokine storm was observed in the deceased cases at the deterioration phase. Interestingly, EBV-infected NK and NKT cells presented a higher percentage of copy number variations and significantly higher enrichment in canonical cancer pathways than noninfected cells, such as genes associated with proto-oncogene transcription factor (Myc), proliferation (MKI67), and EBV LMP1-related carcinogenesis (TRAF2 and Jak3) genes.
Conclusions
Our study suggest that the oncogenicity of EBV-infected NK/NKT cells deteriorates EBV-HLH, and the spread of EBV to NK and NKT cells may indicate a prephase of NK/T lymphoma. Thus, the findings of this study may guide future therapeutic strategies for EBV-HLH.
Cross-layer design-based Multipath Routing Protocol (CMRP) for mobile ad hoc networks
Authors: Mohammadi Narges
Published: August 2022

This paper proposes a Cross-layer design-based Multipath Routing Protocol (CMRP) for mobile ad hoc networks, using the node energy signal from the physical layer. The purpose is to optimize routing decisions and path quality. The nodes’ mobility behavior is predicted using a notion of “Signal Fading Degree, SFD”. Especially, in the combination of the IEEE 802.11e standard at the MAC layer, we determine that the IEEE 802.11e makes a significant contribution to the performance improvement of CMRP. Performance evaluation of AODV in legacy 802.11 and CMRP in IEEE 802.11e shows that, as a function of the speed of node mobility, a tremendous reduction was achieved, in metrics such as the average end-to-end delay, route overhead, route discovery frequency, normalized routing load – almost more than 80%, 40%, 40%, and 40%. In the case of a varying number of sessions, the reduction for route discovery frequency and normalized routing load is up to 70% and 80%.
Anti-fouling Electrospun Organic and Inorganic Nanofiber Membranes for Wastewater Treatment
Authors: Amin Nur Ain Atiqah Mohd , Mokhter Mohd Akmali , Salamun Nurrulhidayah , Mohamad Mohd Fuad , Mahmood Wan M. Asyraf Wan
Published: August 2022

Researchers favour polymeric membranes for water treatment because of their excellent separation selectivity, high membrane performance, unique interconnected structure and inexpensive cost. Electrospinning, phase inversion, track-etching, slip casting, and film-stretching are some of the methods for fabricating polymeric membranes. Among them, electrospun nanofiber membranes (ENMs) are the most actively explored which address the fouling issues during wastewater treatment. It has a lot of advantages for wastewater treatment application. ENMs can be classified into inorganic and organic, and it is important to determine the type of membrane or polymer that is the most suitable for the application. The choice of membrane depends on many factors, including the composition of the operation parameters, application area and separation goals. Nevertheless, membrane fouling that results in poor rejection efficiency and membrane flux behaviour remain as challenges. Therefore, membrane surface modification has been widely embraced to improve the membrane process. Therefore, this review paper aimed to provide information on most common used inorganic and organic ENMs in wastewater treatment applications thus classifying the trends of ENMs applications on toxic heavy metal contaminants and hazardous chemical pollutants. It also provided insights into the future perspectives for ENMs in water treatment. We hope that his article can provide some guidance for a wide range of application in the membrane industry.
Direct separation approach and multi-valued localized excitation for (M+N)-dimensional nonlinear system
Authors: Li Lingfei , Wang Yaoping , Zhu Minting , Xie Yingying
Published: August 2022

In this paper, we propose a new variable separation method which does not need Hirota’s bilinear form and directly gives analytic form of solution u instead of its potential uy. This new method not only covers N-soliton solution obtained by Hirota’s direct method but also multi-valued solution of multi-linear variable separation approach(MLVSA), and applicable to (M+N)-dimensional nonlinear model. We would like to call it “direct separation approach” (DSA). Taking the extended (3+1)-dimensional KP equation as an example, we first construct two types of N-soliton solution. Then, by introducing multi-valued functions, rogue wave and four typical folded solitary waves are obtained. In addition, we study the head-on and chase-after collision between two, three, four folded solitary waves, and systematically analyze their dynamic behaviors. Many novel structures are obtained that may help simulate complex folded appearance in real life.
Genome-Wide Identification and analysis of Polycomb Repressive Complexes 2 core components in three cucumber genomes
Authors: Li Jie , Kai Ma , Wei Fang
Published: August 2022

● Polycomb Repressive Complexes 2 (PRC2) are evolutionarily conserved, high molecular weight complexes which are important gene regulators maintaining normal growth and development in plants. But, there is little research focusing on the characteristics and evolution of PRC2 components in cucumber.● We used genome-wide identification, phylogenetic analysis, available RNA-seq data to examine cucumber PRC2 components and expression pattern.● In this study, we identified 17 PRC2 core components in three cucumber lines genome, each line contains one FIE-like protein, one MSI1-like protein and two Enhancer of Zeste-like proteins. Phylogenetic analysis shows that FIE-like and MSI1-like homologous groups were evolutionary conservation. Compared with Arabidopsis, which including three enhancer of zeste-like proteins, three cucumber lines in this study only have two, furthermore, both of them were AtCLF homologous series. The results of gene expression pattern showed that FIE-like and MSI1-like genes in three cucumber lines have a conservative constitutive expression pattern and highly expression in reproductive organs and fruits, surprisingly, the two AtCLF homologous genes (EZ1 and EZ2) in three lines all have complementary expression pattern, indicating the evolutionary and functional differences of PRC2 complexes was existed between A. thaliana and cucumber.● This study provides a systematic analysis of PRC2 core components in three lines of cucumber using bioinformatics tools.
Engineering the xylose metabolism in Schizochytrium sp. to improve the utilization of lignocellulose
Authors: Wang Ling-Ru , Zhang Zi-Xu , Nong Fang-Tong , Li Jin , Huang Peng-Wei , Ma Wang , Sun Xiao-Man
Published: August 2022

Background: Schizochytrium sp. is a heterotrophic, oil-producing microorganism that can efficiently produce lipids. However, the industrial production of bulk chemicals using Schizochytrium sp. is still not economically viable due to high-cost culture medium. Replacing glucose with cheap and renewable lignocellulose is a highly promising approach to reduce production costs, but Schizochytrium sp. cannot efficiently metabolize xylose, a major component of lignocellulosic biomass.Results: In order to improve the utilization of lignocellulose by Schizochytrium sp., we cloned and functionally characterized the genes encoding enzymes involved in the xylose metabolism. The results showed that the endogenous xylose reductase and xylulose kinase genes possess corresponding functional activities. Additionally, attempts were made to use genetic engineering techniques to introduce exogenous xylitol dehydrogenase/xylose isomerase to construct a strain of Schizochytrium sp. that can efficiently utilize xylose. The results showed that the engineered strain 308-XI with an exogenous xylose isomerase could utilize xylose, consuming 8.2 g/L xylose over 60 h of cultivation. Xylose consumption was further elevated to 11.1 g/L when heterologous xylose isomerase and xylulose kinase were overexpressed simultaneously. Furthermore, culturing 308-XI-XK(S) in a medium with lignocellulosic hydrolysate as the main carbon source resulted in a 22.4 g/L of dry cell weight and 5.3 g/L of total lipid titer, respectively representing 42.7 and 30.4% increases compared to the wild type. Conclusion: This study shows that engineering of Schizochytrium sp. to efficiently utilize xylose is conducive to improve its utilization of lignocellulose, which can reduce the costs of industrial lipid production.
Offline Handwritten Tai Le Character Recognition Using Wavelet Deep Convolution Features and Ensemble Deep Variationally Sparse Gaussian Processes
Authors: Guo Hai , Liu Yifan , Zhao Jingying , Song Yifan
Published: August 2022

Handwriting recognition is an important application in the field of pattern recognition. Because handwritten Tai Le has similar characters and the proportion of characters with similar shapes is relatively high, this paper proposes a wavelet deep convolution (WDC) feature combined with an ensemble deep variational sparse Gaussian process (EDVSGP) offline handwritten Tai Le recognition method. A Tai Le recognition sample database is constructed, 2 and 3 levels of wavelet decomposition prior features are extracted, and then, the wavelet a priori feature is transformed into a WDC feature. To avoid the problem of dimensionality, LDA+PCA is used to reduce the dimensionality of the feature. Moreover, to better recognize handwritten Tai Le characters, 6 deep variationally sparse Gaussian process (DVSGP) models are integrated as an EDVSGP classification model. Using the handwritten Tai Le character database, the proposed method is superior to the existing methods, with an accuracy, recall and F1-score of 94.15%, 94.15%, and 94.15%, respectively. The universality of the method is verified on the dataset of handwritten Chinese characters with similar shapes (HCFC2021.4) and Devanagari dataset.
Cilantro and Coriander Yield as Affected by Cultivars and Row Spacings in Fall and Spring Production in Virginia
Authors: Berkomah John , Li Haiwen , Siddiqui Rafat , Kim Chyer , Bhardwaj Harbans
Published: August 2022

This student-led project studied the production of cilantro (greens stage) and coriander (seed stage) of Coriandrum sativum L. with the objective of developing this crop as an alternate specialty crop in Virginia. Results indicated that both fall-planted for spring harvest and spring-planted for summer harvest are possible in Virginia. Rows spaced 37.5 cm apart resulted in the superior yield of both cilantro and coriander over rows 75 cm apart. Mean cilantro fresh yields from fall-planted experiments (three cultivars during 2015 and five cultivars during 2016) varied from 3301 to 5775 kg⋅ha−1, whereas those from spring-planted experiments varied from 4971 to 11811 kg⋅ha−1. Corresponding values for dry cilantro yields varied from 274 to 1129 kg⋅ha−1 and 862 to 2280 kg⋅ha−1, respectively. Mean coriander seed yields from three fall-planted cultivars varied from 818 to 1554 kg⋅ha−1, and those from three spring-planted cultivars varied from 869 to 1277 kg⋅ha−1. The total phenolic content in cilantro was significantly greater than that in coriander seed (4.95 and 1.15 g of gallic acid equivalent per 100 g of material, respectively). The total mesophiles, yeast and mold, and coliforms from three grocery store-bought cilantro were considerably higher than those of greenhouse-grown cilantro. Even though both spring and fall plantings are possible for supplying cilantro in Virginia, fall planting for spring harvest might be more profitable for producers because of the earlier availability of locally grown cilantro.
Phenolic compound profile, and evaluation of biological properties of Bassia muricata (L.) Asch. aerial part
Authors: GHERAISSA Noura , CHEMSA Ahmed Elkhalifa , RAMADAN ELSHARKAWY Eman , CHERRADA Nezar
Published: August 2022

Current study verifies the biological efficiency of Bassia muricata (Chenopodiaceae vent), a wild plant in the Algerian desert. MeOH extract (70%) of the aerial parts of B. muricata was tested for antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. In addition to determining the value of the SPF and its effectiveness as hypoglycemia through a glucose uptake assay by yeast cells. Its phenolic content was also verified by quantitative estimations and RP-HPLC-UV analysis. MeOH extract of B. muricata exhibited antioxidant effects, where it showed good to moderate free radical inhibition activity towards both DPPH• and OH•, and this corresponded with excellent anti-hemolytic activity. As well as being a Fe2+ and molybdate reducing agent, the extract showed moderate photoprotective activity with SPFSpectrophootometric=18.89±0.005. It also has anti-inflammatory properties and enhances glucose uptake. MeOH extract of B. muricata showed remarkable antibacterial activity against B. subtilis, L. innocua, S. aureus, E. coli and P. aeruginosa. It did not give efficacy against S. typhimurium. Its phenolic content on the other hand was verified by quantitative estimations and RP-HPLC-UV analysis, which revealed the presence of chlorogenic acid, p-coumarin acid, gallic acid as a major phenolic compounds.
These results showed that B. muricata could be useful as source of bioactive compounds for food, the pharmaceutical industry and the manufacture of cosmetics.
O impacto da Covid-19 na transformação digital da indústria da música
Authors: Ghezzi Daniela Ribas , Kirschbaum Charles
Published: August 2022

Esse artigo analisa os principais impactos da pandemia COVID-19 sobre a trajetória de transformação digital na Indústria da Música. Antes da pandemia, a Indústria da Música mostrava recuperação de faturamento a partir da difusão de modelos de negócio baseados no streaming. Com base na pesquisa documental de artigos coletados entre março de 2020 e junho de 2021, sugerimos que a transformação digital poderá tomar dois ‘caminhos’ distintos. Em um caminho, espera-se que a transformação digital na indústria aumente a centralidade dos serviços de streaming, acompanhado de aumento na concentração na indústria. Um outro caminho inclui o surgimento de modelos de negócio que promovam maior interação direta entre músicos e fãs, aumentando a inovação e diminuindo a concentração na indústria. Concluímos o artigo com sugestões de contribuições à literatura.
Valorização das mulheres em organizações religiosas de matriz africana por meio do culto a divindades femininas
Authors: Moura Renan Gomes de , Silva Elaine Barbosa da
Published: August 2022

O artigo busca cBusca-se, por meio desse artigo, compreender como organizações religiosas de matriz africana, por meio do culto à divindades femininas, valorizam as mulheres; e quais são os impactos sociais em suas vidas.  O corpus da pesquisa foi composto pela transcrição das seis entrevistas realizadas, que foram analisadas de acordo com a orientação metodológica da análise de conteúdo. Pode-se compreender que o culto às divindades proporciona às mulheres a construção de uma identidade que busca romper com o machismo, além de colocá-las como sujeitos repletos de poderes, tanto mágicos quanto sociais e biológicos, uma vez que são a extensão das próprias divindades, bem como aquelas que controlam a vida.