bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Geology for society in 2058: some down-to-earth perspectives
Authors: Smelror Morten
Published: November 2019

Social development and rapid growth in the world's population has followed a remarkable technological development the past hundred years. Revolutions in agriculture and industry, medical innovations and new production technologies, have led to an increased standard of living for a larger part of the Earth's population. Megatrends for future developments are lining up and predictions for the next 40 years are numerous. Most ideas about our future societies imply new and innovative geo-scientific achievements. Towards 2058, we will have virtually surveyed and mapped every corner of the Earth. We will have detailed 3D images of the urbanized areas, and 4D models to assist to make reliable forecasts in a world of increased pressure on the natural resources and changing ecosystems. By 2058 the Green Stone Age is established, and we will use all elements in the periodic system and more rare minerals to support new materials and technological solutions. The major energy supplies will be CO
2
free. The agriculture will be more efficient, distribution and consumption of food will be more rational, and we will harvest from more marine food chains than today. More than 70% of the people on Earth will live in megacities and urban areas. Our cities will become smarter and greener, cars and public transport will be self-driving and autonomous tools using artificial intelligence to automate functions previously performed by humans. Substantial resources will be used to repair damaged ecosystems, and most important, we will use materials and products that have fewer negative consequences for the environment. The 17 UN goals for sustainable development are guidelines into the future, and geological surveys should serve as key instruments in the transformation into smarter and more sustainable societies. We are already on our way providing critical minerals for low carbon energy solutions, marine knowledge for blue growth, plans for green and smarter cities, and advanced digitalization for public services, as shown by examples in this present paper.
The changing role of geological surveys in Malaysia
Authors: Abdullah Azizi Shahar Effendi , Ling Nan-Ley , Sia Say-Gee , Ismail Brendawati
Published: November 2019

Geological survey was first set up in Malaysia in 1903 mainly to facilitate tin mining activities that were started in the 1820s. Nevertheless, upon merging with the Department of Mines to form the Department of Mineral and Geoscience Malaysia (JMG), and also in order to meet the changing national needs, the new department has become increasingly relevant to a wide range of important national issues that help improve the well-being of society and contribute to the socio-economic development, an aspect that this paper describes. The changing role of the department is well reflected by the department being listed as a member of more than 57 technical committees in the country in the field of land-use planning, groundwater-resources management and mitigation of hazards. As we advance into the future, the department needs to ensure it is capable of rendering a more holistic service covering a wider spectrum of geological and geoscience activities to cater for the ever-increasing demands from society, industries, stakeholders and the government. For that reason, the Geological Survey Act, 1974 is being revised to beef up and provide the necessary jurisdiction in line with the duties, responsibilities and roles played by the JMG.
Geological surveys as research-focused organizations: New Zealand's experience and opportunities
Authors: Rattenbury Mark , Jolly Gill , Benfell Peter , Smillie Robert
Published: November 2019

GNS Science is New Zealand's geological survey with an applied earth science research focus yet without traditional government department accountabilities. As one of New Zealand's Crown Research Institutes established in 1992, GNS Science is owned by the New Zealand Government but has higher levels of self-determination, fiscal independence and impartiality than a government department. Securing competitive research funding and commissioned research is a business imperative and because of this the institute is able to respond and adapt to changing societal expectations. GNS Science can also influence outcomes based on its discretionary research investment. New Zealand's geological setting astride an active plate boundary attracts many international partners endeavouring to better understand geological processes in an accessible and logistically well-resourced natural laboratory. Partnerships like these substantially increase technological and financial resources and these enable diverse and often ambitious projects.
Phenolic Compounds Isolated fromCalea unifloraLess. Promote Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Effects in Mice Neutrophils (Ex Vivo) and in Mice Pleurisy Model (In Vivo)
Authors: da Rosa Julia Salvan , Nascimento Marcus Vinicius Pereira Dos Santos , Parisotto Eduardo Benedetti , Lima Tamires Cardoso , Santin José Roberto , Biavatti Maique Weber , Zamoner Ariane , Dalmarco Eduardo Monguilhott , Fröde Tânia Silvia
Published: November 2019

The literature shows that phenolic compounds possess important antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities; however, the mechanism underlying these effects is not elucidated yet. The genusCaleais used in folk medicine to treat rheumatism, respiratory diseases, and digestive problems. In this context, some phenolic compounds were isolated with high purity fromCalea unifloraLess. and identified as noreugenin (NRG) andα-hydroxy-butein (AH-BU). The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of these compounds on cell viability, the activity of myeloperoxidase (MPO), and apoptosis of mouse neutrophils usingex vivotests. Furthermore, the effect of these compounds on the cytokines, interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), interleukin 17A (IL-17A), and interleukin 10 (IL-10), and oxidative stress was investigated by analyzing lipid peroxidation (the concentration of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS)) and activities of antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione S-transferase (GST), using a murine model of neutrophilic inflammation. The NRG and AH-BU reduce MPO activity and increase neutrophil apoptosis (p<0.05). These compounds reduced the generation of oxygen reactive species and IL-1βand IL-17A levels but increased IL-10 levels (p<0.05). This study demonstrated that NRG and AH-BU show a significant anti-inflammatory effect by inhibiting the MPO activity and increasing neutrophil apoptosis in primary cultures of mouse neutrophils. These effects were at least partially associated with blocking reactive species generation, inhibiting IL-1βand IL-17A, and increasing IL-10 levels.
Aplastic Anemia and Good Syndrome in a Heavily Treated Stage IV Thymoma Patient: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Chiatamone Ranieri Sofia , Trasarti Stefania , Arleo Maria Antonietta , Bizzoni Luisa , Bonanni Livia , Di Battista Valeria , Limongiello Maria Assunta , Nardacci Maria Grazia , Gentile Giuseppe , Foà Robin
Published: November 2019

Thymoma is an uncommon slowly growing neoplasm. It usually presents with paraneoplastic syndromes including the immunodeficiency syndrome called Good syndrome and hematological disorders. Pure red cell aplasia is a well-recognized complication of thymoma, and aplastic anemia is very rare in association with GS. We report a case of GS in a heavily treated patient with stage IV thymoma associated with a pure red cell aplasia and an amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia that evolved into an AA and provide an up-to-date review of the relevant literature. This is the first case of the association of GS and AA with the coexistence of a heavily treated stage IV thymoma. The fatal outcome was not related to the progression of the thymoma, but rather to the severe infectious complications. The combination of lymphopenia and hypogammaglobulinemia typical of GS, coupled to the neutropenia, caused by bone marrow failure, was the main predisposing factor for the unfavourable outcome.
Nilotinib-Induced Dystonia and Cognitive Deficits in a Neurologically Normal Patient with Chronic Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Chan Justine , Shah Paarth , Moguel-Cobos Guillermo
Published: November 2019

Nilotinib is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor used to treat patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). This agent is also being studied in neurodegenerative disorders including Parkinson disease. Studies have shown that nilotinib may decrease the accumulation of parkin substrates and decrease the loss of dopaminergic cells. The use of nilotinib in neurologic disorders is relatively new, and little information about this use has been published. We report on a patient receiving nilotinib for CML. The patient had no previous neurologic deficits, and developed intermittent dystonic posturing of the left upper extremity and cognitive impairment after she began nilotinib treatment. The mechanisms behind this adverse effect are not clear; however, her symptoms began after nilotinib was introduced, decreased with dose reduction, stopped with its cessation, and re-emerged when the medication was restarted. To our knowledge, this is the first reported patient with neurologic symptoms secondary to nilotinib use.
REGAIN STUDY: Retrospective Study to Assess the Effectiveness, Tolerability, and Safety of Ferric Carboxymaltose in the Management of Iron Deficiency Anemia in Pregnant Women
Authors: Wani Saleema , Noushad Mariyam , Ashiq Shabana
Published: November 2019

Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) during pregnancy arises because of preexisting inadequate stores or complex physiological changes and can lead to serious maternal and fetal complications. Oral iron, either as iron sulfate or fumarate, with or without folic acid, is the most commonly used treatment for IDA in pregnancy. Intravenous (IV) iron has a role in the treatment of IDA in pregnancy, particularly in women who present late, display severe anemia (Hb ≤ 9 g/dL), or risk factors, and are intolerant/noncompliant of oral iron. Previously, administration of IV iron was minimal, owing to potentially serious anaphylactic reactions. Recently, new IV iron products have been developed, offering better compliance, tolerability, efficacy, and a good safety profile. Our study aimed to assess the effectiveness, safety, and tolerability of IV ferric carboxymaltose (FCM) in the treatment of IDA in pregnant women in the UAE. Data from 1001 pregnant women who received at least one administration of FCM (500, 1000, or 1500 mg) during their second or third trimester of pregnancy (2 years backward from study initiation) were collected retrospectively from electronic medical records at Corniche Hospital, Abu Dhabi, UAE. Results showed that 41.4% of the women were able to achieve an increase of ≥2 g/dL in blood hemoglobin overall. A change of ≥2 g/dL was achieved by 27.5% of women administered a dose of 500 mg, 39.2% of women administered a dose of 1000 mg, and 63.9% of women administered a dose of 1500 mg of IV FCM. This indicates a directly proportional relationship between increasing IV FCM dose and the increase of ≥2 g/dL in blood hemoglobin. A total of 7 (0.7%) women reported mild, nonserious adverse events during the study. Within the limits of this retrospective study, IV FCM therapy was safe and effective in increasing the mean hemoglobin of pregnant women with IDA.
Evaluation of Buruli Ulcer Disease Surveillance System in the Ga West Municipality, Ghana, 2011–2015
Authors: Rufai Tanko , Aninagyei Enoch , Sackey Samuel Oko , Kenu Ernest , Afari Edwin Andrew
Published: November 2019

Background. Buruli ulcer (BU) is one of the most neglected tropical diseases caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans. M. ulcerans infection may manifest initially as a pre-ulcerative nodule, a plaque, or oedema which breaks down to form characteristic ulcers with undermined edges. The Ga West Municipality is an endemic area for Buruli ulcer, and we evaluated the BU surveillance system to determine whether the system is meeting its objectives and to assess its attributes. Materials and Methods. We used a checklist based on Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) updated surveillance evaluation guidelines, 2006. We reviewed records and dataset on Buruli ulcer for the period 2011–2015. The evaluation was carried out at the national, regional, district, and community levels using the Ga West Municipality of the Greater Accra Region as a study site. Interviews with key stakeholders at the various levels were done using an interview guide, and observations were done with a checklist. Data were entered and analyzed using Epi info 7. Results. A total of 594 cases of Buruli ulcer were reported from 2011 to 2015 in Ga West. The number of confirmed cases decreased from 109 in 2011 to 17 in 2015. The system was useful, fairly simple, flexible, representative, and fairly acceptable. The system was sensitive with a PVP of 45.3%. Although the data quality was good with 85% of case report forms completed, there was under-reporting (3.6%), some discrepancies of data at the district, regional, and national levels. The system was moderately stable, and timeliness of reporting was 30.7%. Conclusion. The Buruli ulcer surveillance system is meeting its set objectives, and the data generated are used to reliably describe the epidemiologic situation and evaluate the results for actions and plan future interventions. There is a need for timely submission of data. We recommend that the National Buruli Ulcer Control Program (NBUCP) provides logistical support to treatment centres.
Research on Dynamic Game Model and Application of China’s Imported Soybean Price in the Context of China‐US Economic and Trade Friction
Authors: Wang Yi , Wang Hui , Guo Shubing
Published: November 2019

China’s soybean price fluctuates due to the current economic and trade frictions between China and the United States. Brazil and the United States are regarded as two oligarchs in China’s soybean import market. A dynamic price game model is established, and price elasticity parameters are estimated by using statistical data and Rotterdam model. The stability of Nash equilibrium point is discussed through bifurcation diagram, maximum Lyapunov exponent, evolutionary trajectory, and time series diagram. The influence of price adjustment speed on equilibrium price is analyzed. The numerical simulation of price adjustment speed is carried out, which is compared with the actual situation of imported soybean price before and after the trade friction. The results show that the model constructed in this paper can reflect the changing trend of price and demand and predict the short‐term import soybean prices of Brazil and the United States. The forecast accuracy of price fluctuation is high. The results provide model and theoretical reference for price game under trade disputes and provide methodological reference for forecasting the price of imported goods.
Dynamic Shear Strength of Rock Joints and Its Influence on Key Blocks
Authors: Wang Shuhong , Wang Feili , Xiu Zhanguo
Published: November 2019

Shear strength deterioration of rock joints and its induced instability of key blocks subjected to dynamic disturbance constitute the mechanism of many geological disasters such as rockburst, landslide, and rockfall. In this study, the influence of dynamic disturbance on rock joints was quantified in the form of stress, of which model was established by quasistatic method. The dynamic shear strength of rock joints was analyzed theoretically following the Coulomb-Navier criterion and further investigated experimentally by split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) tests with impact velocities of 4.850 m/s, 8.722 m/s, 12.784 m/s, and 16.935 m/s. The effect of engineering disturbance on shear strength of rock joints was measured, and a degradation coefficient was used to describe it quantitatively. Considering the degradation of dynamic shear strength of rock joints and its influence on block stability, the method for determining key blocks under dynamic disturbance was given. Implementing this method into the program of Geotechnical Structure and Model Analysis-3D (GeoSMA-3D) developed by the authors’ team, the visualization of key blocks was achieved. From theoretical analysis and experimental investigation, it was figured out that the shear strength of rock joints is degraded under dynamic disturbance. The degradation of friction angle becomes more sensitive than that of cohesion. Additionally, numerical results show that the number of key blocks was increased with the increasing impact velocities.
The Influence of Photoperiod on the Action of Exogenous Leptin on Gene Expression of Proinflammatory Cytokines and Their Receptors in the Thoracic Perivascular Adipose Tissue (PVAT) in Ewes
Authors: Krawczyńska Agata , Herman Andrzej P. , Antushevich Hanna , Bochenek Joanna , Wojtulewicz Karolina , Zięba Dorota A.
Published: November 2019

Leptin resistance is either a condition induced by human obesity or a natural phenomenon associated with seasonality in ruminants. In the cardiovascular system, the leptin resistance state presence is a complex issue. Moreover, the perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) appears to be crucial as a source of proinflammatory cytokines and as a site of interaction for leptin contributing to endothelium dysfunction and atherosclerosis progression. So the aim of this study was to examine the influence of the photoperiod on the action of exogenous leptin on gene expression of selected proinflammatory cytokines and their receptors in thoracic PVAT of ewe with or without prior lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation. The experiment was conducted on 48 adult, female ewes divided into 4 group (n=6 in each): control, with LPS intravenous (iv.) injection (400 ng/kg of BW), with leptin iv. injection (20 μg/kg BW), and with LPS and 30-minute-later leptin injection, during short-day (SD) and long-day (LD) seasons. Three hours after LPS/control treatment, animals were euthanized to collect the PVAT adherent to the aorta wall. The leptin injection enhanced IL1B gene expression only in the LD season; however, in both seasons leptin injection intensified LPS-induced increase in IL1B gene expression. IL1R2 gene expression was increased by leptin injection only in the SD season. Neither IL6 nor its receptor and signal transducer gene expressions were influenced by leptin administration. Leptin injection increased TNFA gene expression regardless of photoperiodic conditions. Only in the SD season did leptin treatment increase the gene expression of both TNFα receptors. To conclude, leptin may modulate the inflammatory reaction progress in PVAT. In ewe, the sensitivity of PVAT on leptin action is dependent upon the photoperiodic condition with stronger effects stated in the SD season.
The Impact of Revascularisation on Quality of Life in Chronic Mesenteric Ischemia
Authors: Blauw J. T. M. , Pastoors H. A. M. , Brusse-Keizer M. , Beuk R. J. , Kolkman J. J. , Geelkerken R. H. , for the Dutch Mesenteric Ischemia Study Group
Published: November 2019

Background. Chronic mesenteric ischemia (CMI) is characterized by long-standing abdominal symptoms due to insufficient mesenteric circulation. Data on the effect of revascularisation on quality of life (QoL) for CMI are scarce. This study is the first to evaluate the impact of revascularisation on quality of life. Methods. Seventy-nine patients with CMI or acute-on-chronic mesenteric ischemia (AoCMI) underwent an intervention of one or more mesenteric arteries between January 2010 and July 2012. QoL before and after intervention was measured with the EuroQol-5D. Preintervention questionnaires were of standard care. Postintervention data were obtained by resending a questionnaire to the patients between February and May 2013. To investigate the clinical relevance of our findings, the minimal clinically important difference (MCID) was used. Since there is no established MCID for CMI, we used the literature reference MCID of inflammatory bowel syndrome (IBS) of 0.074. Results. Fifty-five (69.6%) of 79 patients returned their questionnaire and 23 (29.1%) were completely filled out. There was a significant increase of the median EQ-index score from 0.70 to 0.81 (p=0.02) and a significant reduction of symptoms in the domains usual activities (34.4%) and pain/discomfort (32.3%). There was a significant improvement of 17% in overall current health condition (VAS) (p=0.001). The MCID between baseline and postoperative EQ-5D index score was 0.162, indicating a clinically relevant improvement of quality of life after revascularisation. Conclusion. Quality of life of CMI patients is improved after mesenteric artery revascularisation.
Accuracy Assessment of Shake Table Device on Strong Earthquake Output
Authors: Guo Wei , Shao Ping , Li Hai-yan , Long Yan , Mao Jian-feng
Published: November 2019

In order to avoid unexpected damage of structural specimens in the test, at the beginning, a signal with small amplitude is adopted to input the shake table device to gain the transfer function and corresponding drive signal, and then a strong earthquake output can be reproduced by amplifying the drive signal proportionally. However, as there are obvious nonlinearities inherent in the shake table device and structural specimen under strong earthquakes, errors inevitably exist in the replayed and amplified earthquake output if the linear transfer function and the drive signal, which are obtained by the small amplitude input, are adopted, and the desired output signal cannot accurately be achieved. Considering this point, several typical structural experiments are introduced and analyzed in this paper to study the earthquake output accuracy of the large‐scale shake table test, such as inertia and elastic specimens, large‐span floor, isolated building, high‐speed railway station, bridge piers, and collision of adjacent multispan bridges. The transfer function of the shake table device and structural specimen is described. The energy‐time history (energy‐TH) index can assess the accuracy of the shake table on the strong earthquake output in the aspect of specimens other than signals themselves. The double parameter performance table is established based on this energy‐TH index. More attention should be paid to energy and amplitude for the reproduction of strong earthquakes, and the accuracy details of signal reproduction should not be too strict.
Real‐World Associations of Renin–Angiotensin–Aldosterone System Inhibitor Dose, Hyperkalemia, and Adverse Clinical Outcomes in a Cohort of Patients With New‐Onset Chronic Kidney Disease or Heart Failure in the United Kingdom
Authors: Linde Cecilia , Bakhai Ameet , Furuland Hans , Evans Marc , McEwan Phil , Ayoubkhani Daniel , Qin Lei
Published: November 2019

Background

Dosing of renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system inhibitors (
RAAS
i) may be modified to manage associated hyperkalemia risk; however, this approach could adversely affect cardiorenal outcomes. This study investigated real‐world associations of
RAAS
i dose, hyperkalemia, and adverse clinical outcomes in a large cohort of
UK
cardiorenal patients.

Methods and Results

This observational study included
RAAS
i‐prescribed patients with new‐onset chronic kidney disease (n=100 572) or heart failure (n=13 113) first recorded between January 2006 and December 2015 in Clinical Practice Research Datalink and linked Hospital Episode Statistics databases. Odds ratios associating hyperkalemia and
RAAS
i dose modification were estimated using logistic generalized estimating equations with normal (<5.0 mmol/L) serum potassium level as the reference category. Patients with serum potassium ≥5.0 mmol/L had higher risk of
RAAS
i down‐titration (adjusted odds ratios, chronic kidney disease: 1.79 [95%
CI
, 1.64–1.96]; heart failure: 1.33 [95% CI, 1.08–1.62]). Poisson models were used to estimate adjusted incident rate ratios of adverse outcomes based on total
RAAS
i exposure (<50% and ≥50% of the guideline‐recommended
RAAS
i dose). Incidence of major adverse cardiac events and mortality was consistently higher in the lower dose group (adjusted incident rate ratios: chronic kidney disease: 5.60 [95% CI, 5.29–5.93] for mortality and 1.60 [95% CI, 1.55–1.66] for nonfatal major adverse cardiac events; heart failure: 7.34 [95% CI, 6.35–8.48] for mortality and 1.85 [95% CI, 1.71–1.99] for major adverse cardiac events).

Conclusions

The results of this real‐world analysis highlight the potential negative impact of suboptimal
RAAS
i dosing and the need for strategies that allow patients to be maintained on appropriate therapy, avoiding
RAAS
i dose modification or discontinuation.
Risk of New‐Onset Atrial Fibrillation Among Asian Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Carriers: A Nationwide Population‐Based Cohort Study
Authors: Yang Yao‐Hsu , Chiang Hsin‐Ju , Yip Hon‐Kan , Chen Ko‐Jung , Chiang John Y. , Lee Mel S. , Sung Pei‐Hsun
Published: November 2019

Background

Hepatitis C virus (
HCV
) infection not only links closely to systemic inflammation but also has numerous extrahepatic manifestations. Chronic inflammation also increases the risk of new‐onset atrial fibrillation (AF). However, little is known regarding the clinical association between
HCV
infection and new‐onset AF.

Methods and Results

We conducted a population‐based cohort study using Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database during 1997 to 2013. A total of 11 771
HCV
‐infected patients were included in this study, and each of them was matched in a ratio of 1:4. Because of higher mortality among
HCV
cohorts, we used both Cox proportional hazard regression and competing risk regression models to compute the hazard ratios accompanying 95%
CI
s after adjustment for relevant confounder. The results demonstrated that the patients with chronic
HCV
infection had significantly higher incidence rate (332.0 versus 265.8 in 100 000 person‐years,
P
<0.0001) of new‐onset AF compared with the non‐
HCV
population. The adjusted hazard ratio of
HCV
for new‐onset AF was 1.32 (95%
CI
, 1.20–1.44;
P
<0.0001) and 1.20 (95%
CI,
1.10–1.31;
P
=0.0001) while calculated with Cox proportional hazard regression model and competing risk model, respectively. Intriguingly, we observed that the patients with HCV treated with antiviral agents had significantly lower incidental
AF
than those without anti‐
HCV
treatment (1.2% versus 6.0%;
P
<0.0001).

Conclusions

Chronic
HCV
infection was associated with an increased risk of incidental
AF
probably through sharing common pathology of chronic inflammation. Furthermore, a well‐designed study is needed to clarify whether anti‐
HCV
therapy can provide protection against the occurrence of
AF
.
A Multiscalar and Justice-Led Analysis of REDD+: A Case Study of the Norwegian–Ethiopian Partnership
Authors: Brown David , MacLellan Marion
Published: November 2019

This article presents a critical assessment and examination of the underlying justice norms present in the Norwegian–Ethiopian Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD+) partnership across international, national, and local scales. Based on a multiscalar justice framework and a critical discourse analysis, we explore the extent to which conceptions of justice align or diverge across and between scales of REDD+ discourse. The findings indicate the dominance of a “utilitarian–neoliberal” nexus at the policy level, underpinning a cost-effective orientation of REDD+, that conflicts with the egalitarian ethics present at the community level in Ethiopia. The research suggests that conflicts in REDD+ design, implementation, and management are likely to be underpinned by, and reflect, fundamental divergences in actors’ norms and ethics. Accordingly, we raise concerns over the extent to which the needs and interests of the forest-dependent communities are to be actively considered and valued by REDD+ policy makers.
Spirit Ecologies and Customary Governance in Post-conflict Timor-Leste
Authors: Palmer Lisa , McWilliam Andrew
Published: November 2019

In post-conflict Timor-Leste, the concepts of spirit ecologies and intergenerational wellbeing direct our attention to the ways in which Timorese people derive strength from house-based family networks as well as protective and productive spiritual relations with living nature. These practices of exchange resonate with a comparative body of research that has described similar ‘spiritscapes’ elsewhere in Southeast Asia and their relevance for social and environmental governance. Exploring the diverse ontologies of particular Timorese ‘spirit ecologies’ and their embedding in a concept of more-than-human ‘intergenerational wellbeing’, in this article we investigate the renewed significance of these ‘house-based’ practices for social and environmental governance in Timor-Leste. We argue that despite the challenges, multiple engagements of mutually appropriated, transgenerational debt obligations and ritually regulated forms of resource governance are emerging as cultural, and increasingly state-sanctioned, strategies aimed at rebuilding the social and environmental commons.
More on the Taṇḍa in Old Javanese Literature
Authors: Acri Andrea
Published: November 2019

This article adds to the discussion on the figure of the taṇḍa in Old Javanese literature, recently revived by Jiří Jákl in ‘The figure of the taṇḍa in Old Javanese literary and epigraphical records’, published in Bijdragen 175 (2019). In this contribution, the author clarifies his position on some points criticized by Jákl, and adds a few more thoughts on the elusive taṇḍa.
Asylum Seekers’ and Refugees’ Decision-Making in Transit in Indonesia
Authors: Missbach Antje
Published: November 2019

Asylum seekers and refugees currently living in Indonesia tend to see Indonesia as a transit rather than a destination country, despite the fact that their stays are increasing in length. Based on contact with Muhamad (not his real name), a young refugee from Iran currently residing in Indonesia whose adjustment and development I observed over four years, I illustrate the changing priorities in his decision-making, the constant flux of circumstances and context, and the extreme complexity of primary and secondary factors that come into play in planning for the future. Combining a macro perspective with a case study, in which I present excerpts from several life-story interviews, helps to exemplify these generic migratory challenges and distil a range of relevant parameters that influence the decision-making of asylum seekers and refugees in transit. A (self-)critical reflection on ethical and methodological challenges underpins my analysis and argument, not least because politicians and policymakers are increasingly interested in influencing migratory decision-making processes to gain political advantage. Of particular interest in my analysis is the role of Australia’s deterrence policies in asylum seekers’ decision-making. Despite the ethical challenges associated with studying migratory decision-making—as public knowledge of migration strategies can also suppress aspirations of mobility—I argue for more in-depth and longitudinal research. At the very least, this is because more intensive, yet considerate studies of decision-making will help us to take seriously the migratory aspirations of people with limited choices.
Studies on the moss flora of the Bío-Bío region of Chile
Authors: Ireland Robert R. , Bellolio Gilda , Rodríguez Roberto , Larraín Juan
Published: November 2019

An extensive study was made on the moss flora of the Bío-Bío Region (VIII Región) in south-central Chile in 2001-2003. Collections were made in all four provinces of the region: Arauco, Bío-Bío, Concepción and Ñuble. Approximately 265 localities in the region were explored with over 6,000 mosses collected in the four provinces. The mosses of this region had not previously been studied to any great extent and with part of the region’s environment being destroyed by the construction of several dams on one of the major rivers, the Bío-Bío, the study of this area seemed of utmost importance. Thus far, a total of 20 taxa were found which are new to Chile, making a total of 877 known for the country, with four new taxa known for South America. An additional 87 taxa are reported new only to the Bío-Bío Region. That number, together with some new records from the recent literature, increases the total for the Region from 190 to 300. It was determined from the 87 new taxa for the Bío-Bío Region that the majority (41) represent northern extensions of taxa, while a much smaller number (10) represent southern extensions. The remainder (36) fill in a gap in the distribution of the taxa between the northern and southern parts of the country. Many difficult species still remain to be identified and the number of species new to science, to Chile and to the Bío-Bío Region, is certain to increase when the remaining specimens are identified.
Studies on some Pottiaceous mosses from Australia and adjacent areas
Authors: Sollman Philip
Published: November 2019

Barbula cylindrangia Müll. Hal. is Didymodon torquatus (Taylor) Catches.; Barbula elaphrotricha Müll. Hal. var. incana Müll. Hal. is Tortula muralis Hedw.; Pottia neocaledonica Thér. is Chenia leptophylla (Müll. Hal.) R.H. Zander; Triquetrella fragilis Müll. Hal. and Triquetrella richardsiae Müll. Hal. are Triquetrella papillata (Hook. f. & Wilson) Broth.; Weissia weymouthii Müll. Hal. is Weissia patula (C. Knight) Fife. Comments on some nomina nuda are given.
A new Disperis (Orchidoideae; Orchidaceae) for the flora of the Mascarenes

Authors: PAILLER THIERRY , TAMON JEAN-MAURICE , HENZE FREDERIC , BYTEBIER BENNY
Published: November 2019

Disperis was established by Swartz (1800: 218), and there is little doubt that the genus is monophyletic in morphological and molecular (Waterman et al. 2009) terms. Kurzweil & Manning (2005) proposed two subgenera, subgenus Dryorkis (Thouars) Kurzweil & Manning (2005: 172), comprising the species in the tropics and subtropics of Africa, Madagascar and Asia, and subgenus Disperis with mostly the South African taxa. Disperis currently includes 80 species distributed in sub-Saharan Africa, Madagascar and the adjacent islands of the Indian Ocean (la Croix et al. 2002, Manning & Kurzweil 2005, Govaerts, 2019) and one widespread species in tropical Asia (Kurzweil & Manning 2005). The highest diversity is found in the humid tropics of Africa, the Cape Floristic Region and Madagascar, with little species overlap between these regions (Kuzrweil & Manning, 2005). So far, four species have been confirmed for the Mascarenes (la Croix et al. 2002). However, the presence of Disperis similis Schlechter (1924: 111) is doubtful because no picture or herbarium specimen documenting its presence on the Mascarenes is available. All four species also occur on Madagascar. Here, we report the presence of a fifth species of this genus for the Mascarenes.
The ontogeny of parapodia and setae in Laeonereis culveri (Webster) (Polychaeta: Nereididae)

Authors: MAZURKIEWICZ MICHAEL
Published: November 2019

The ontogeny of parapodia on the first four larval trunk segments was followed toward maturity in the nereidid Laeonereis culveri. The morphologies ultimately attained by the parapodia include cephalic, uniramous, and biramous forms. Setal  types and arrangements were also determined for all setigers present on discrete life history stages from larva to adult. The results showed pronounced differences in parapodial morphology and setation between larvae, postlarval juveniles, and adults. These differences stem from the sequential development of parapodial processes and setae. Taxonomists rely heavily on adult setation and parapodial morphology to characterize nereidid species, but since these features vary ontogenetically, their adult states cannot be used to distinguish species during earlier life history phases.
Variable modes of larval development in the Polydora cornuta complex (Polychaeta: Spionidae) are directly related to stored sperm availability

Authors: RICE STANLEY A. , RICE KATHERINE A.
Published: November 2019

Reproductive crosses between geographically separated populations of the nominal species, Polydora cornuta, support the hypothesis that the Florida/ Gulf of Mexico populations represent a single, potentially interbreeding lineage that is reproductively isolated from West Coast (California) and East Coast (Carolinas to Maine) populations. Previous research has indicated that California populations are reproductively compatible with worms from North Carolina but reproductively isolated from Maine populations. In spite of these species-level differences, all populations of this nominal species deposit egg capsules inside the female’s tube that usually develop into three-chaetiger planktonic larvae measuring about 200 µm in length. Although adelphophagy (feeding upon unfertilized eggs within an egg capsule) has been reported in some populations of P. cornuta and in numerous other spionid polychaetes, the relationship between stored sperm in the female parent and the size of larvae within capsules has not been explored. We raised isolated female P. cornuta from three genetically and reproductively distinct populations (Florida, California and Maine) over a period of about 16 weeks and determined percent fertilization and larval size in successive spawnings over time until the females ran out of stored sperm. As each female used up stored sperm during successive spawnings, the percent of fertilized eggs per capsule declined and larval size at release increased. In some cases, the largest larvae produced by an isolated female were 114% larger than the smallest larvae produced by the same female. Larvae inside capsules containing unfertilized eggs fed upon these eggs and grew larger than larvae that did not have unfertilized eggs to feed upon. The effects of producing larger larvae following stored sperm depletion were completely reversed by transfer of fresh spermatophores to the isolated females. Variable larval size produced by a single female worm (poecilogony) may therefore be a result of stored sperm limitations rather than a genetically determined reproductive strategy in this species complex.
Polychaete fauna in the vicinity of bluefin tuna sea-cages in Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico
Authors: DÍAZ-CASTAÑEDA VICTORIA , VALENZUELA-SOLANO SANTIAGO
Published: November 2019

This paper describes the polychaete fauna in Salsipuedes Bay, Baja California. Sea-cage farming results in a rain of organic matter onto the underlying benthos. There is growing concern over the effects of tuna sea-cages on the local sediment chemistry and benthic communities. Eighteen stations were sampled with a Van Veen grab (0.1 m2) from the oceanographic vessel Francisco de Ulloa in March 2003 and October 2004. Redox potential in 2003 ranged between ‑113 and ‑200 mV, while in 2004 it ranged between ‑110 and ‑302 mV. Organic carbon concentrations varied between 0.20% and 2.53 %, lowest values were located in the southern part of the bay; highest concentrations were found at stations 18–22 situated in the northern section, west of the tuna pens. Organic N varied between 0.02% and0.12%, highest concentrations (0.07–0.12%) were located at stations 16–21 in the northern section of the bay; stations situated at the south and near the coast presented the lowest N concentrations (0.02–0.04%).      A total of 9,291 organisms belonging to seven phyla were collected: Polychaeta, Mollusca, Crustacea, Echinodermata, Cnidaria, Sipuncula, and Bryozoa. Polychaetes accounted for 62% of all invertebrate macrofauna, with 5,765 specimens representing 34 families and 146 species. The best represented families in 2003 and 2004 were Paraonidae, Cirratulidae, Spionidae, Capitellidae, Syllidae, Nephtyidae, Lumbrineridae, and Glyceridae.      Polychaetes were dominant at almost all sampling stations. Families with the highest species richness were Paraonidae (14 spp.), Spionidae (11 spp.), Onuphidae (11 spp.), Maldanidae (10 spp.), Syllidae (9 spp.), Cirratulidae and Ampharetidae with 7 species each. Among the most abundant species were Aphelochaeta multifilis, Mediomastus ambiseta, Prionospio steenstrupi Spiophanes bombyx, Apoprionospio pygmaea, Paraonella sp., Monticellina sp., Aricidea (Allia) ramosa, Spiophanes bombyx, Spiophanes duplex, and Levinsenia gracilis. The dominant trophic group was deposit-feeders, followed by carnivores.      In 2003 Shannon index varied between 2.26 and 3.40 bits/ind.; the highest diversity values were found in the southern section of Salsipuedes Bay. In 2004 diversity fluctuated between 2.31and 3.35; the highest values were found at three stations in the northern section south of the tuna pens. Stress-predictability modeling characterized 85% of stations in 2003 and 78% in 2004 as presenting favorable and stable conditions, the rest were considered moderately disturbed. Non-metric multidimensional scaling (MDS) separated stations depending on the distance to the tuna pens. Our results indicate that Salsipuedes Bay is still a favorable environment for polychaetes. Apparently local circulation has at least partially dispersed the excess organic matter.
Biodiversity of polychaetous annelids from the peninsula of Cap Bon, northeast coast of Tunisia
Authors: ZAÂBI SANA , GILLET PATRICK , AFLI AHMED , BOUMAIZA MONCEF
Published: November 2019

in Tunisia, polychaete studies are very rare (Fauvel 1924 a, b; Westheide 1972; Zibrowius 1970, 1971; Cantone 1978; Ben Amor 1984; Zaâbi & Afli 2005). The aim of this study was to update and fill in gaps in data of polychaetes of Tunisia. Samples were taken aboard the research vessel R/V Hannibal with a Van Veen grab (0.1 m²) and a core (0.009 m²). Nine sites located on the peninsula of Cap Bon on the NE coast of Tunisia, from Sidi Daoud to Ras Lahmer, were sampled in 2005 and 2006. A total of 5,920 individuals in 29 families and 88 species of polychaetes were identified. Twenty-nine species were newly recorded for Tunisia, including the ampharetid Isolda pulchella O.F. Müller, 1858 and the paraonid Aricidea cerrutii (Laubier, 1966). Diversity parameters were established. Abundance and species richness were higher in shallow waters dominated by Protodorvillea kefersteini (McIntosh, 1869) and Malacoceros fuliginosus (Claparède, 1868) than in deep waters where Aponuphis fauveli (Rioja, 1918) and Euclymene palermitana (Grube, 1840) dominated. Multivariate methods, including the Shannon diversity index, cluster analysis, and rank frequency analysis, were used to characterize the spatial structure and temporal variability of the different communities.
A new species of Poecilochaetus (Polychaeta: Poecilochaetidae) from coastal waters off Southern California, USA

Authors: BRANTLEY CHERYL A.
Published: November 2019

A new species of Poecilochaetus (Polychaeta: Poecilochaetidae) is described from coastal waters off Southern California. Much of the material was collected as part of the benthic infaunal survey work carried out by the Sanitation Districts of Los Angeles County as part of their ocean monitoring program. Numerous specimens of this new species have also been collected throughout the Southern California Bight during U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) regional surveys in 1994, 1998, and 2003. The distinct characters of this new species were first noted three decades ago, but a formal description was never published. These specimens have been reported frequently in survey data under the provisional name Poecilochaetus sp. A. The number of branchial filaments, the location of these filaments along the body, and the absence of a middorsal chitinous plate on setiger 9 make Poecilochaetus martini sp. nov. unique. This new species also has elongated interramal papillae on the branchiate setigers, a character only recently noted. P. martini sp. nov. is compared to other branchiate species in the genus that also have interramal structures.
New replacement names in craneflies (Diptera: Limoniidae, Tipulidae)
Authors: OOSTERBROEK PJOTR
Published: November 2019

New replacement names are given for 18 species-group names in Limoniidae and 5 species-group names in Tipulidae. Another replacement name in Limoniidae (schineriana Alexander) is reinstated. In all cases the replacement names are necessary because the senior and junior homonyms are presently congeneric.
New distributional records for Palaearctic Limoniidae and Tipulidae (Diptera: Craneflies), mainly from the collection of the Zoological Museum, Amsterdam
Authors: OOSTERBROEK PJOTR
Published: November 2019

Distributional records are presented for 16 species of Limoniidae and 144 species of Tipulidae (Diptera), mainly based on material in the collection of the Zoological Museum, Amsterdam. The records are all from the Palaearctic and include new country records for 62 species, and other interesting new records for provinces or islands for 109 species. Distribution data are provided for 23 countries, two of which have relatively many records, namely Greece (58) and Turkey (52). For every species an overview of its distribution is given.
The rediscovery of Lecteria calopus (Walker, 1856) in the Brazilian Atlantic Rain Forest (Diptera: Limoniidae)

Authors: RIBEIRO GUILHERME CUNHA , BLAGODEROV VLADIMIR
Published: November 2019

Lecteria (Lecteria) calopus (Walker, 1856), previously know only from its female holotype from an unknown locality, is rediscovered and recorded for the Brazilian Atlantic Rain Forest between 22°-23°S and 45°-52°W. The species is richly illustrated, including for the first time photographs of the type specimen and information on the male with details on the morphology of the male genitalia.
Tipula (Yamatotipula) aleutica Alexander (Diptera: Tipulidae), a reclassification

Authors: BRODO FENJA
Published: November 2019

Tipula (Yamatotipula) aleutica is redescribed and illustrated and reasons are presented for its removal from the subgenus Arctotipula Alexander, 1933, and its placement in the subgenus Yamatotipula Matsumura, 1916.
Application of phytoseiid mites in China and an analysis of its problems
Authors: XU XUENONG , JIANG XIAOHUAN , WANG ENDONG
Published: November 2019

Mass application of pesticides has caused more severe damage to plants by small-sized plant-juice-sucking pest insects and mites, for whose control predatory mites embrace great potential. In China, a large quantity of research work has been conducted in their biology, ecology, and mass rearing as well as application of predatory mites in biological control. Some issues existing in the application of predatory mites in China is discussed in this article.
A review of progress in taxonomy of water mites from China (Acari: Hydrachnidia)

Authors: JIN DAO-CHAO , YI TIAN-CI , GUO JIAN-JUN
Published: November 2019

With a brief review on taxonomic studies of Chinese water mites since the early 20th century, this paper gives a checklist of the 193 species in 34 subgenera, 36 genera, 19 subfamilies, 19 families, 7 superfamilies, recorded from China. Forty-five of these species (23.38%) are Palaearctic-Oriental or polyregional, 19 (9.9%) Palaearctic, 129 (66.8%) Oriental, and 118 (61.1%) known at present only from China. The information on distribution within China is given for each species. Hygrobates (Rivobates) octoporus Jin, 1996 is replaced with Hygrobates (Rivobates) hexoporus Jin & Yi nomen novum.
Tetranychidae of China: a review of progress, with a checklist
Authors: HONG XIAO-YUE , ZHANG ZHI-QIANG , LI GUO-QING
Published: November 2019

This paper reviews the research on the family Tetranychidae in China, with an updated checklist of 212 species belonging to 28 genera. Major contributions to the Chinese fauna of the Tetranychidae were made by Wang Hui-Fu and her colleagues who discovered and described about 40 species, Ma En-Pei  and Yuan Yi-Lan who discovered over 30 species, and Tseng Yi-Hsiung and his co-authors who added over 20 new species. There have been a lot of studies on the biology and control of the spider mites in China and recent studies are briefly reviewed.