bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The differences response of massage types with variation massage pressure on running speed in POPDA Sleman athletics
Authors: Rini Riza Galih Mustika , Purnomo Eddy
Published: September 2021

This study aims to improve the athlete's performance from the physiological aspect by knowing the differences in the response of sport massage and swedish massage with variations in pressure (light, medium, and heavy) on the hind limbs a 30 m running speed taken four times. This research is a quasi-experimental design, with the research subjects of POPDA Sleman athletic athletes with sample of 20 people. The sample was divided by matching pairs with the aim of both groups getting a balanced power. The treatments used are sports massage with movement manipulation (effleurage, tapotement, shaking/vibration) and swedish massage with movement manipulation (drainage, compression, tapotement, shaking/vibration) with pressure variation. The results showed that there were differences in the effect/good response of the type of sports massage treatment (group x) with moderate pressure. This is evidenced by the results of an increase in record time by an average of 0.36 seconds. Treatment of light pressure increased record time by an average of 0.28 seconds. Heavy pressure treatment increased record time by an average of 0.04 seconds. There is a difference in the effect/unfavorable response of the type of swedih massage treatment (group y) with all types of pressure, because it provides a decreased response time from pretest to posttest. It is proven by the decrease in the average time of 0.16 seconds on the light pressure treatment, the decrease in the average time of 0.24 seconds on the medium pressure treatment, and a decrease of 0.34 seconds on the heavy pressure treatment.
The effect of skipping combination with body weight training on cardiorespiratory endurance and body mass index (BMI) as a covid-19 prevention effort for overweight adolescents
Authors: Nasrulloh Ahmad , Yuniana Rina , Pratama Kukuh Wahyudin
Published: September 2021

This study aims to determine the effect of skipping combination with body weight training on cardiorespiratory endurance and BMI as an effort to prevent Covid 19 for overweight adolescents. This research is an experimental research. In this study, treatment was given in the form of skipping exercise combined with body weight training for 8 weeks with a frequency of 3 times / week, an intensity of 60%-70% MHR with a duration of 30 minutes. The population in this study were teenagers. Sampling was done by purposive sampling on adolescents aged between 17-21 years and overweight. Instrument used to measure VO2 max with MFT (multistage fitness test) and measurement of height and weight to determine BMI. The data analysis technique used prerequisite test and paired t test. Based on the results of the cardiorespiratory endurance data analysis, the t-count value was 10.495 with a significance value of 0.000, it can be concluded that there is a significant effect of skipping combination with body weight training on cardiorespiratory endurance in overweight adolescents. The mean value of the cardiorespiratory endurance pretest was 34.92 and the posttest average increased to 40.05. While the results of the analysis on BMI data obtained a t-count value of 15.293 with a significance value of 0.000, it can be concluded that there is a significant effect of skipping combination with body weight training on BMI in overweight adolescents. The mean value of the BMI pretest was 26.60 and the posttest average BMI decreased to 22.19. So it can be concluded that skipping exercises combined with body weight training can increase cardiorespiratory endurance and reduce BMI as an effort to prevent Covid 19 for overweight adolescents.
Pengembangan instrumen tes dribbling pada permainan futsal menggunakan teknologi mikrokontroler arduino
Authors: Tauba Randy Febri , HB Bafirman
Published: September 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat prototipe instrumen tes dribbling futsal menggunakan teknologi mikrokontroler arduino yang terhubung dengan aplikasi android. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian dan pengembangan (Research and Development). Subjek penelitian adalah Pemain Futsal SMA N 1, 2 dan 9 Sijunjung, Kecamatan Sijunjung, Kabupaten Sijunjung, Sumatera Barat. Untuk Validasi alat oleh tiga orang ahli yaitu ahli Evaluasi dan Tes Pengukuran, Ahli Futsal, dan Ahli IT. Pengembangan instrumen tes dribbling futsal ini dilakukan dengan uji kelompok kecil dengan sampel 15 orang putra dan uji kelompok besar dengan sampel 45 orang putra. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode validitas ahli dengan penilaian menggunakan instrumen angket dan metode test dan retest untuk uji reliabilitas alat yang dianalisis dengan menggunakan rumus r korelasional. Hasil dari penelitian ini Hasil dari penelitian ini didapatkan nilai validitas sebesar 91,33%, kategori “Sangat Baik/layak” dan uji reliabilitas kelompok kecil sebesar 0.986, dengan kategori “Tinggi” dan kelompok besar sebesar 0.947, dengan kategori “Tinggi”. Kemudian didapatkan nilai praktisitas sebesar 94% dan nilai efektivitas sebesar 90%, maka disimpulkan bahwa instrumen tes dribbling futsal menggunakan teknologi mikrokontroler arduino efektif  digunakan sebagai alat ukur untuk mengukur kecepatan dribbling futsal. Development of dribbling test instruments in futsal games using arduino microcontroller technology AbstractThis study aims to make a prototype of the futsal dribbling test instrument using Arduino microcontroller technology that is connected to an Android application. This research is a research and development (Research and Development). The research subjects were Futsal Players SMA N 1, 2 and 9 Sijunjung, Sijunjung District, Sijunjung Regency, West Sumatra. For tool validation by three experts, namely Evaluation and Measurement Tests, Futsal Experts, and IT Experts. The development of the futsal dribbling test instrument was carried out with a small group test with a sample of 15 men and a large group test with a sample of 45 men. The method used is the expert validity method with an assessment using a questionnaire instrument and the test and retest method to test the reliability of the tools analyzed using the correlation r formula. The results of this study obtained a validity value of 91.33%, the category "Very Good / feasible" and the small group reliability test was 0.986, with the "High" category and the large group was 0.947, with the "High" category. Then obtained a practical value of 94% and an effectiveness value of 90%. Thus, it can be concluded that the futsal dribbling test instrument using arduino microcontroller technology is good for use as a measuring tool to measure the speed of futsal dribbling.
A Modern Flexitarian Dietary Intervention Incorporating Web-Based Nutrition Education in Healthy Young Adults: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Braakhuis Andrea , Gillies Nicola , Worthington Anna , Knowles Scott , Conner Tamlin , Roy Rajshri , Pham Toan , Bermingham Emma , Cameron-Smith David
Published: September 2021

Background

The trend of flexitarian eating patterns is on the rise, with young adults among the biggest adopters claiming health and environmental reasons to reduce red meat intake. Nutrient-dense meat and animal products are often the lynchpin of these diets, even when consumed only occasionally and in moderate amounts. Red meat provides forms and concentrations of essential proteins, lipids, and micronutrients that are scarce in exclusively vegetarian regimens.

Objective

The aim of this study is to consider the effects of moderate consumption of lean red meat as part of an otherwise vegetarian balanced diet and its impact on biomarkers of sustained health and well-being.

Methods

A cohort of healthy, young (20-34 years old, n=80) male and female participants will take part in a 2-arm, parallel randomized controlled trial (RCT) for a duration of 12 weeks, with a 3-month posttrial follow-up. The trial will commence with a 2-week assessment period followed by allocation to the intervention arms. The intervention will include the consumption of red meat or meat alternatives 3 times per week for 10 weeks. Blood samples of the participants will be collected to measure changes in erythrocyte fatty acid distribution, circulating amino acids, neurotransmitters, markers of mineral status, and inflammatory markers. Questionnaires to assess well-being and mental health will be undertaken every 2 weeks. Body composition, physical function, and blood parameters will be assessed at allocation (t0), week 5 into the intervention (t5), and post intervention (t10).

Results

The protocol has been developed using the SPIRIT (Standard Protocol Items: Recommendations for Interventional Trials) checklist and the outcomes will be reported in accordance with the CONSORT (Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials) guidelines. The trial was approved by the New Zealand Ministry of Health’s Health and Disability Ethics Committees (protocol 20/STH/157). The results of this study will be communicated via publication.

Conclusions

To our knowledge, this is the first RCT investigating the overarching health consequences of consuming pasture-fed red meat or no meat as part of a healthy diet.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04869163; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04869163

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

PRR1-10.2196/30909
DRUŠTVENE IMPLIKACIJE INTERNETA U NOVOJ REALNOSTI TOKOM KOVID-19
Authors: Luknar Ivana
Published: September 2021

Društvene implikacije informaciono-komunikacionih tehnologija (IKT), interneta i sajber prostora zavise od ekonomskih, pravnih i političkih odluka. Pandemija je stvorila novu realnost koja oblikuje internet koji pronalazi primenu u gotovo svakom domenu. Ovaj rad razmatra novu društvenu realnost nastalu usled KOVID-19 pomoću tri nivoa analize: makro, mezo i mikro nivo analize. Tokom pandemije izazvane virusom KOVID-19, socijalno distanciranje postalo je deo svakodnevnog života širom sveta, a dom kancelarija. Kako opasnost od virusa KOVID-19 menja dosadašnje institucionalne prioritete i ruši nekadašnje granice javno-privatne sfere? Značajan deo rasprave o pandemiji, internetu i njihovom uticaju na društveni kapital odnosi se na to da li internet slabi međuljudske odnose svojih korisnika ili pak doprinosi njihovom jačanju u postojećoj novoj realnosti. Neupitno postoji potreba za aktivnim proučavanjem interneta, a naročito za sistematizacijom dosadašnjih nalaza istraživanja o društvenim implikacijama interneta.
ULOGA I ZNAČAJ NARODNE SKUPŠTINE I PARLAMENTARNE DIPLOMATIJE U PROCESU EVROPSKIH INTEGRACIJA REPUBLIKE SRBIJE
Authors: Kovac Elvira , Lazarevic Andrijana
Published: September 2021

Proces pregovora za članstvo u Evropskoj uniji podrazumeva učešće velikog broja institucija Evropske unije, ali i država kandidata za članstvo. Ovaj rad ima za cilj da ukaže na značaj i ulogu Narodna skupština Republike Srbije u procesu evropskih integracija, sa posebnim fokusom na dve najznačajnije funkcije i u kontekstu pristupanja: kontrolne i zakonodavne. U drugom delu rada razmatra se rad Odbora za evropske integracije i značaj koji ima u procesu pregovora za članstvo. Poslednji deo rada biće posvećen pregledu saradnje Narodne skupštine i Evropskog parlamenta, ali i značaju i mogućnostima koje pruža parlamentarna diplomatija sa posebnim osvrtom na dve inicijative, COSAC-a i COSAP-a, koje predstavljaju pogodne okvire za promovisanje interesa Srbije na evropskom i regionalnom nivou. Autorke su stava da, uzevši u obzir trenutnu situaciju u kojoj se nalazi politika proširenja EU, ali i rastući značaj koji imaju, ne samo Evropski parlament već i parlamenti država članica tokom čitavog procesa pristupanja, parlamentarna diplomatija u procesu EU integracija otvara prostor za politički dijalog i razmatranje različitih pitanja od značaja za proces evropskih integracija Republike Srbije.
INSTITUCIONALNO SUZBIJANJE KORUPCIJE – POSTJUGOSLOVENSKI UVIDI
Authors: Peric Diligenski Tijana
Published: September 2021

Rad je usredsređen na normativnu analizu antikorupcijskog institucionalnog inženjeringa u državama nastalim na području bivše Jugoslavije. Na temelju analize sadržaja nacionalnih antikorupcijskih normativnih akata postjugoslovenskih republika dolazi se do nalaza o institucionalnoj logici suzbijanja korupcije kao neformalne institucije i sistemske devijacije. Učinci preventivnog i represivnog suzbijanju korupcije u postjugoslovenskim republikama ukazuju da se najbolji rezultati u institucionalnom dizajnu postižu konstituisanjem novih nezavisnih institucija umesto redizajniranja postojećih. Komparativna iskustva krivičnopravnih reakcija na koruptivne oblike kriminaliteta ukazuju na disproporciju između broja akata koje donose represivni organi (broj krivičnih prijava, podignutih optužnica i pravosnažnih osuda) i odsustvo statističkih podataka o broju procesuiranih javnih funkcionera.
El impacto de las nuevas tecnologías en la estética fotográfica.Tipologías en la obra de Pedro Meyer
Authors: Parejo Nekane , Gómez Gómez Agustín
Published: September 2021

Pedro Meyer es un pionero y un paradigma del tránsito de la fotografía analógica a la digital. El propósito de esta investigación es ahondar en su obra y métodos de trabajo para establecer y definir las tipologías de su trayectoria. Para lograrlo se seguirá una metodología de análisis de contenido que contará con una muestra que incluye las publicaciones: Fotografío para recordar (1991), Verdades y ficciones: un viaje de la fotografía documental a la digital (1995) y su versión CD ROM, The Real and the True y Herejías (2008). A partir de su estudio se intentará revelar cómo el paso de las imágenes en papel a formatos digitales no resulta un impedimento para que permanezcan ciertas estéticas inherentes a las imágenes.
Industrial Monitoring Using Internet of Things -A MQTT Paradigm
Authors: Bagewadi Madhuri
Published: September 2021

Abstract: Internet of things (IOT) has taken a very pervasive role in our technological advancement. Today we find development in medical, schools, industrial sectors using IOT to enhance their operations. IOT is used in medical to gather information about patient’s health records, in schools’ teachers are able to track attendance of students in the campus, in industries motor controls, maintenance, and predictive fault analysis are some of application. The architecture of IOT is setup in such a way that sensors and actuators are connected to the internet. The devices on which interface to internet are small embedded modules such as microcontroller which have limited resources and processing power at the edge. Hence an efficient and reliable communication protocol is needed which fulfills the design criteria. MQTT is implemented using client and broker network entities. In this paper a hardware system is developed which tracks and monitor the parameters like temperature, RPM, vibration, load current and voltage of induction motor. A Dashboard is developed which illustrates the various parameters on IOT cloud platform which can be accessed remotely. Keywords: MQTT-Message Queuing Telemetry Transport, edge computing, Industrial IOT.
Drug Classification using Black-box models and Interpretability
Authors: Thakkar Pooja
Published: September 2021

Abstract: The focus of this study is on drug categorization utilising Machine Learning models, as well as interpretability utilizing LIME and SHAP to get a thorough understanding of the ML models. To do this, the researchers used machine learning models such as random forest, decision tree, and logistic regression to classify drugs. Then, using LIME and SHAP, they determined if these models were interpretable, which allowed them to better understand their results. It may be stated at the conclusion of this paper that LIME and SHAP can be utilised to get insight into a Machine Learning model and determine which attribute is accountable for the divergence in the outcomes. According to the LIME and SHAP results, it is also discovered that Random Forest and Decision Tree ML models are the best models to employ for drug classification, with Na to K and BP being the most significant characteristics for drug classification. Keywords: Machine Learning, Back-box models, LIME, SHAP, Decision Tree
Brick and Glass Concrete
Authors: Islam Er. Tajamul
Published: September 2021

Abstract: Glass is widely used in our lives through manufactured products such as sheet glass, bottles, glassware, and vacuum tubing. Glass is an ideal material for recycling. The use of recycled glass helps in energy saving. The recycled glass has significant contributions to the construction field for concrete production. The application of glass in architectural concrete still needs improvement. Many experiments were conducted to explore the use of waste glass as coarse and fine aggregates for both ASR (Alkali-Silica-Reaction) in concrete. The accumulation and management of construction and demolition waste, which increases along with the continuous spreading of urbanization and industrialization. Construction and demolition waste can be recycled and used as a raw material for new applications. Recycled brick aggregates recovered from demolished masonry structures can be utilized in the manufacture of new concrete mixtures. Hence, partial replacement of fine aggregate by the other compatible material like sintered fly ash, crushed rock dust, quarry dust, glass powder, recycled concrete dust, and others are being researched from the past two decades to conserve the ecological balance. additional plasticizers have been used for this project for improving their workability. In this project experimental studies on the concrete of M20 grade with partial replacement of fine aggregates by crushed brick powder (replacement by 5%, 10%, 15%,20%,30%) and crushed glass powder (replacement by 5%, 10%, 15%). The compressive strength of M20 grades of concrete at different days (3 days 7 days, 28 days) has been determined along with the measurements of workability in the slump test. The trial cubes were cast and tested at different stages. When fine aggregates are replaced by 30% crushed brick powder. The decrease in strength at the end of 28 days was found to be ranging from 22.2% and 9.81%. when fine aggregates are replaced by 20% crushed glass powder, decrease in the targeted strength at the end of 28 days was found to be ranging between 3.0%and 8.6%. The slump value was found to be decreasing in the case of crushed brick powder, while it was found increasing substantially in the case of glass of glass powder. A combination of both alternatives i.e., brick powder (20%) and glass powder (15%) were also studied and it was found that the compressive strength at the end of 28 days for M20 grade of concrete is 96.13%. Keywords: Glass powder, brick powder, workability, fine aggregate; ASR (Alkali-Silica Reaction); Compressive strength
Perancangan Sistem Informasi Penjualan Serta Perbaikan Komputer (Studi Kasus TNG Computer)
Authors: Putri Fetty Ade
Published: September 2021

Teknologi menjadi salah satu elemen penting dan dapat merubah alur yang tadinya rumit serta lambat menjadi lebih efisien juga efektif. Salah satunya yang berubah adalah sistem informasi pengolahan data pada perusahaan. TNG Computer adalah salah satu perusahaan yang bergerak di bidang bisnis teknologi, namun dalam penyusunan data, baik penjualan maupun perbaikan komputer, masih secara manual dengan menggunakan kuitansi yang kemudian disimpan ke dalam Microsoft Excel sehingga kurang efektif dan efisien. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk membantu TNG Computer dalam merancang suatu sistem informasi baik penjualan mauapun perbaikan komputer yang terkomputerisasi dan disimpan dalam satu database sehingga dapat mempermudah karyawan dalam memasukan data pelanggan serta membuat laporan yang dibutuhkan dan dapat menghemat waktu serta kertas dalam prosesnya.

 
Peningkatan Kompetensi Sumber Daya Manusia Terhadap IAPS 4.0 Berbasis Knowledge Management System
Authors: Dewi Rofiqoh
Published: September 2021

Badan Akreditasi Nasional Perguruan Tinggi (BAN-PT) telah melakukan penerapan instrument baru tersebut yang dikenal dengan IAPS 4.0. Instrumen Akreditasi Program Studi (IAPS) versi 4.0 merupakan salah satu bentuk penenutan kualitas sebuah Program Studi. Pada prosesnya penerapan instrument baru ini masih belum secara optimal di pahami oleh dekanat dan program studi. Hal ini terlihat dari terdapatnya ketidaksesuaian isi dengan matriks penilaian yang dituliskan oleh para PIC pada dokumen IAPS 4.0 saat dilakukan pengecekan dan penyesuaian portofolio dengan matriks penilaian karena kurangnya pengetahuan tim penyusun portofolio IAPS 4.0 dalam mengisi portofolio tersebut. Untuk itu diperlukan peningkatan kompetensi sumber daya manusia dalam mengatasi hal tersebut melalui sharing knowledge berbasis Knowledge Management System. Knowledge Management System ini dibangun agar menjadi sarana sharing pada Sumber Daya Manusia terkait pengetahuan IAPS 4.0

 
Analisa dan Perancangan Aplikasi Peminjaman dan Pengembalian LCD Proyektor di Universitas Potensi Utama Medan Menggunakan QR Code
Authors: Rahmad Sofyan
Published: September 2021

Unversitas Potensi Utama sudah memiliki aplikasi peminjaman projector berbasis desktop yang digunakan sebagai pelayanan dalam peminjaman LCD proyektor oleh dosen yang berada di bagian teknisi untuk membantu dosen dalam proses belajar mengajar. Pada saat ini aplikasi yang sudah dibangun kurang efesien atau efektif untuk penggunanya karena para dosen yang meminjam LCD proyektor sering salah dalam melakukan penginputan data kedalam aplikasi tersebut dan aplikasi tersebut belum mendukung dalam memblok atau melarang dosen ketika yang bersangkutan belum mengembalikan LCD Proyektor pada hari yang sama. Dari uraian masalah diatas, maka peneliti ingin membantu dalam meng-Update aplikasi peminjaman LCD proyektor pada bagian teknisi Universitas Potensi Utama dengan tambahan fitur berupa QR Code untuk meminimalisir kesalahan penggunanya. Didalam aplikasi yang akan dibangun menggunakan QR Code dengan cara ditempelkan kepada kamera web (webcam) dengan database SQL Server 2008 dan aplikasi Visual Studio 2010 sehingga pelayanan peminjaman LCD proyektor lebih efesien dan efektif untuk di gunakan di Universitas Potensi Utama Medan
Penerapan Metode TOPSIS Dalam Penentu Beasiswa Pada Siswa SMK TR SINAR HUSNI
Authors: Setiawan Adil , Hardianto Hardianto , Agustin Fhery
Published: September 2021

Program PenentuBeasiswa merupakan program kerja sama yang dilakukan oleh setiap Lembaga Pendidikan baik di sekolah ataupun pada perguruan tinggi. Dalam hal ini termasuk bahwa setiap beasiswa dilakukan untuk mengurangkan biaya siswa untuk menempuh pendidikan khususnya yang terkendala dalam biaya. Calon penerima dipilih sesuai dengan ketetapan  yang sudah ditentukan oleh pihak sekolah. Sesuai dengan aturan atau ketetapan yang sudah ditentukan tersebut maka pihak sekolah dapat memilih siapa saja yang akan dipilih untuk mendapatkan beasiswa. Guna membantu menentukan dan menetapkan seseorang yang layak mendapatkan  beasiswa maka dibutuhkan sebuah sistem pendukung keputusan yaitu dengan menggunakan metode Technique Order Preference by Similarity To Ideal Solution (TOPSIS).  Metode ini digunakan karena dapat memilih alternative terunggul, alternative yang ditargetkan yakni yang boleh mendapatkan penyaluran beasiswa berdasarkan kriteria yang telah ditentukan. Riset ini dibuat demi menentukan nilai bobot untuk setiap atribut, lalu dilakukan proses pengurutan  / perangkingan kandidat yang dapat menentukan alternative yang optimal, dengan menggunakan metode tersebut diharapkan hasil penilaian lebih tepat karena ditentukan pada nilai kriteria dan bobot yang telah ditentukan sehingga mendapatkan hasil yang lebih akurat bagi orang yang akan mendapatkan beasiswa itu.
Cervical spine fractures in multiple injured patients in Kurdistan Region, Iraq
Authors: Al-Tayyar Rabeea Muneer Ahmed
Published: September 2021

Objectives: The aim of study to describe the main types of cervical spine fractures presented to the emergency department and to illustrate the main aspects of management and outcome. Methods: This is a prospective study of 72 patients with cervical injury out of 932 male patients with history of multiple injuries. All patients with cervical spine injury were admitted within 1 week of injury and follow up thereafter by regular outpatient visit. Cervical spine injuries were diagnosed by full radiological assessment according to NEXUS criteria (plain x-ray with lateral, anteroposterior, odontoid views in addition to cervical spine C.T for indicated patients) and evaluated neurologically. Results: Mean age of patients at time of accident was 25 years ranging from 7-73years, 50% of them were in the third decade of life. Road traffic accidents constitute 58.3% of causes of cervical injury followed by fall from height (19.5%). Results has shown that mid and lower cervical spine injuries constitute 87.5% of all types of vertebra involved while upper cervical spine injuries constitute only 12.5% of them. Associated injuries were found in 42 patients (58.3%) and the most common associated injury was cerebral concussion. 50% of patients had no history of neural deficit at time of admission, while the others had neurological abnormalities (27.7%) of them with complete deficit at time of admission. The most common type of skeletal injury was wedge fracture (28 patients, 38.8%), followed by spinous process fracture and burst fracture (18 patients, 25% and 12 patients, 16.6%) respectively. Respiratory complications were the most common in our series (12 patients of 72, 16.6%) followed by an equal share of urinary tract infection and neck pain (7 patients, 9.7%). Conclusion: Traffic accident constitutes the main reason for cervical spine fractures followed by falls. Cervical spine fractures affect the younger age group with mean age of 25 year. A collar is sufficient treatment for more un displaced fractures. Seat belt is one of the restrains that shares in reduction of fatality and severity of cervical spine injuries.
Incidence of Prostatic Carcinoma in Transurethral Resection Specimen
Authors: Hussein Samah Abbas , Al-Khafaji Khitam Razzak
Published: September 2021

Objective: This study done to identify the rates of incidentally detected prostate cancer in patients undergoing surgical management of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH).
Methods: This cross section study was done on all transurethral resections of the prostate (TURP) cases. One hundred and eighty one men, aged 45 to 94 year, underwent TURP and their specimens were sent for the histopathological analysis. Those with a known diagnosis of prostate cancer prior to TURP were excluded (ð‘› = 5) from the analysis.
Results: Hundred eighty-one patients had prostatic enlargement; fifteen patients (8.29%) patients were found to have prostate adenocarcinoma. Grade of disease ranged from Gleason score 7 to 10. Majority of them (fourteen patients) aged 65 year or above.
Conclusion: Prostate carcinoma is showing high grade at the diagnosis and widely frequent (8.29%) in TURP, especially in-patient above 65 years (11.0%) and therefore a screening program advised.
Obstetric Capacity Strengthening in Ghana Results in Wide Geographic Distribution and Retention of Certified Obstetrician-Gynecologists: A Quantitative Analysis
Authors: Kekulawala Melani , Samba Ali , Braunschweig Yael , Plange-Rhule Jacob , Turpin Cornelius , Johnson Timothy , Anderson Frank
Published: September 2021

Objectives: Our primary objective to determine the cumulative retention
of Ob/Gyns since the inception of the program, to determine the
demographic and practice characteristics of all Ob/Gyns who have been
trained by the Ghana postgraduate Ob/Gyn programs, and to compare the
geographic distribution of Ob/Gyns throughout Ghana between 2010 when a
prior study was conducted and the current practice locations of all
graduates in 2017. Design: Cross-sectional, Quantitative Investigation
Setting: Fieldwork for this study was conducted in Ghana between June
21, 2017, and August 20, 2017. Methods: A roster of certified Ob/Gyns,
year certified, and email contact information was obtained from the
Ghana College of Physicians and Surgeons, a roster of practice locations
was obtained from Ghana Medical Board. Main Outcome Measures: retention
of Ob/Gyns, geographic distribution of providers, fand comparisons
between 2010 and 2017 Results: Significant geographic spread and
increase in in-country medical programs have occurred over the
seven-year period. In recent years, the Ghana College of Physicians and
Surgeons surpassed that of the West African College of Surgeons.
Conclusion: Establishing an Ob/gyn training program with national
certification provides a cadre of certified Ob/Gyns that can be trained
and retained in low-income settings. Moreover, this allows for long term
commitment in multiple relevant sectors that may serve to establish a
comprehensive obstetric and gynecology capacity beyond urban centers.
A magnet to draw a bright needle out from the haystack -- RADOrgMiner, an automated pipeline to genotype organellar reads from RADseq data
Authors: Laczkó Levente , Jordán Sándor , Sramkó Gábor
Published: September 2021

Different versions of Restriction-site Associated DNA sequencing
(RADseq) have become powerful and popular tools in molecular ecology.
Although RADseq datasets are regarded as representative of the nuclear
genome, reduced representation genomic libraries may also sample the
organellar (mitochondrial and, in case of plants, plastid) DNA.
Extraction of organellar loci from RADseq data can provide additional
insights into the phylogenetics of the study group which comes at no
additional sequencing effort. Cytoplasmic genetic variance can help
better understand the evolutionary history by uncovering past
hybridization and identifying the maternal (or, rarely, the paternal)
lineage due to rapid lineage sorting. We developed a pipeline in bash
that is based on existing bioinformatic tools to automatically mine and
genotype organellar loci contained RADseq libraries. The utility of our
pipeline is tested on eight, publicly available datasets spanning
different phylogenetic levels (i.e. from family-level phylogenies to
phylogeography) and RADseq methods (sdRAD, ddRAD, ezRAD, GBS) for
genotyping both mitochondrial and plastid loci, which were subject to
phylogenetic tree reconstruction. In all cases, organellar phylogenies
adequately supplemented the original studies either by corroborating the
large-scale picture based on RADseq or by bringing additional evidence
on past or contemporary hybridization. RADseq methods designed to
achieve a larger horizontal coverage (i.e. ddRAD, ezRAD) evidently
yielded longer organellar alignments, but sdRAD and GBS still provided
useful polymorphic loci found in the cytoplasmic DNA. Our newly
developed pipeline for the above purpose can be run under a Unix-line
operating system and is freely accessible at
https://github.com/laczkol/RADOrgMiner
“Mesenteric hematoma after an unusual blunt abdominal trauma– A case report and literature review”
Authors: BASUKALA SUNIL , Karki Bibek , Rayamajhi Bikash , Pathak Bishnu , TAMANG AYUSH
Published: September 2021

In blunt abdominal trauma, lesions of the mesentery are often
underdiagnosed, they represent the third most injured organ, with
increasing morbidity and mortality.  Mesenteric hematoma can be managed
conservatively in the event that there is no associated active
mesenteric hemorrhage however, must be clinically distinguished from
spontaneous mesenteric intraperitoneal hemorrhage.
Pheochromocytoma presenting as fulminant myocarditis mimicking COVID-19 pneumonia
Authors: Rojbi Imen , Adel Meriem , Affes Meriem , Hantous Saoussen , jrad myriam , Nacef Ibtissem Ben , khiari karima
Published: September 2021

Adrenergic myocarditis is a very rare manifestation of pheochromocytoma.
On the other hand, due to the pandemic situation, COVID-19 pneumonia is
now considered a differential diagnosis of patients with dyspnea. This
case illustrates diagnostic difficulties of such uncommon disease during
this pandemic situation.
Utility of dobutamine stress echocardiography in aortic valve regurgitation and reduced left ventricular function
Authors: Saito Chihiro , Arai Kotaro , Ashihara Kyomi , Niinami Hiroshi , Hagiwara Nobuhisa
Published: September 2021

Objective: Predictors for post-operative reverse remodeling in patients
with severe aortic regurgitation (AR) and reduced left ventricular
ejection fraction (LVEF) are unknown. We performed low-dose dobutamine
stress echocardiography (DSE) in patients with severe AR and reduced
LVEF to evaluate the relationship between contractile reserve (CR) and
reverse remodeling after surgery. Methods: In 31 patients with chronic
severe AR and reduced LVEF (LVEF < 50%), we performed
pre-operative DSE, assessed CR and examined whether changes in
preoperative DSE were associated with improvement of post-operative LVEF
after aortic valve surgery. Results: The pre-operative echocardiographic
findings were as follows: left ventricular (LV) end-diastolic dimension:
67 ± 10 mm, LV end-systolic dimension: 52 ± 13 mm and LVEF: 42% ± 8%.
All patients underwent aortic valve surgery. Patients with pre-operative
LVEF of >45% exhibited a significant increase in LVEF;
however, patients with pre-operative LVEF of <45% showed no
significant change. When we examined the results of DSE performed in
patients with pre-operative LVEF of <45%, ΔLVEF of ≥6% (with
CR) during DSE was related to an improvement in post-operative LVEF;
ΔLVEF of ≥6% during DSE predicted an improvement in post-operative
LVEF, with a sensitivity and specificity of 80% and 85%, respectively.
Conclusions: DSE may be a helpful tool for predicting post-operative
reverse remodeling in patients with severe AR and moderately reduced
LVEF.
Adeno-associated and lentiviral vector production in 2D and 3D formats with adherent cells in chemically defined, blood-free media
Authors: Pezoa Sofia , Alfano Randall , Pennybaker Atherly , Hazi Nathan , Laskowski Andrew
Published: September 2021

Large scale manufacturing of viral vectors or vaccines with adherent
cells still relies heavily on the inclusion of fetal bovine serum for
the growth and production phases. The inclusion of serum presents
numerous problems with the undefined chemical makeup, the undesirable
safety profile, and the constraints and limitations on the global
supply. Despite these challenges, alternatives to serum for adherent
cells have been limited; however, advances in large-scale production of
recombinant human proteins have enabled the advancement of blood-free
media that can support adherent cell growth. In order to circumvent the
need for serum in adherent platforms, we developed a serum and
blood-free, chemically defined medium specific for adherent human
epithelial kidney cells and evaluated growth kinetics as well as viral
vector production with associated adenovirus and lentivirus. We observed
doubling times equal to or faster than doubling times observed in serum
containing medium. We also demonstrate transfection efficiencies and
viral titers that are equivalent to or higher than that of serum. Our
results demonstrate that fetal bovine serum is not required for culture
of adherent HEK cells, and that a serum-free, blood-free, chemically
defined approach can be reliably implemented in the production of viral
vectors for gene therapy.
Parallel meta-transcriptome analysis reveals degradation of plant secondary metabolites by beetles and their gut symbionts
Authors: Wei Jing , Yang Xing-Ke , Segraves Kari , Xue Huai-Jun
Published: September 2021

Switching to a new host plant is a driving force for divergence and
speciation in herbivorous insects. This process of incorporating a novel
host plant into the diet may require a number of adaptations in the
insect herbivores that allow them to consume host plant tissue that may
contain toxic secondary chemicals. As a result, herbivorous insects are
predicted to have evolved efficient ways to detoxify major plant
defenses and increase fitness by either relying on their own genomes or
by recruiting other organisms such as microbial gut symbionts. In the
present study we used parallel meta-transcriptomic analyses of
Altica flea beetles and their gut symbionts to explore the
contributions of beetle detoxification mechanisms versus detoxification
by their gut consortium. We compared the gut meta-transcriptomes of two
sympatric Altica species that feed exclusively on different host
plant species as well as their F1 hybrids that were fed one of the two
host plant species. These comparisons revealed that gene expression
patterns of Altica are dependent on both beetle species identity
and diet. The community structure of gut symbionts was also dependent on
the identity of the beetle species, and the gene expression patterns of
the gut symbionts were significantly correlated with beetle species and
plant diet. Some of the enriched genes identified in the beetles and gut
symbionts are involved in the degradation of secondary metabolites
produced by plants, suggesting that Altica flea beetles may use
their gut microbiota to help them feed on and adapt to their host
plants.
Classifying Annual Daily Hydrographs in Western North America using t-Distributed Stochastic Neighbor Embedding (t-SNE)
Authors: Tang Weigang , Carey Sean
Published: September 2021

Flow regimes are critical for determining physical and biological
processes in rivers, and their classification and regionalization
traditionally seeks to link patterns of flow to physiographic, climate
and other information. There are many approaches to, and rationales for,
catchment classification, with those focused on streamflow often seeking
to relate a particular response characteristic to a physical property or
climatic driver. Rationales include such topics as Prediction in
Ungauged Basins (PUB), helping with experimental approaches, and
providing guidance for model selection in poorly understood hydrological
systems. While scale and time are important considerations for
classification, the Annual Daily Hydrograph (ADH) is a first-order
easily visualized integrated expression of catchment function, and over
many years is a distinct hydrological signature. In this study, we use
t-SNE, a state-of-the-art technique of dimensionality reduction, to
classify 17110 ADHs for 304 reference catchments in mountainous Western
North America. t-SNE is chosen over other conventional methods of
dimensionality reduction (e.g. PCA) as it presents greater separability
of ADHs, which are projected on a 2D map where the similarities are
evaluated according to their map distance. We then utilize a Deep
Learning encoder to upgrade the non-parametric t-SNE to a parametric
approach, enhancing its capability to address ‘unseen’ samples. Results
showed that t-SNE was an effective classifier as it successfully
clustered ADHs of similar flow regimes on the 2D map. In addition, many
compact clusters on the 2D map in the coastal Pacific Northwest suggest
information redundancy in the local hydrometric network. The t-SNE map
provides an intuitive way to visualize the similarity of
high-dimensional data of ADHs, groups catchments with like
characteristics, and avoids the reliance on subjective hydrometric
indicators.
Short term effect and effect on rate of lung function decline after surgery for neuromuscular or syndromic scoliosis
Authors: Veldhoen Esther , Vries Anneloes de , Schlosser Tom , Kruyt Moyo , Eijk Ruben van , Tersmette Joyce , Hulzebos Erik H.J. , Pol Ludo van der , Asperen Roelie Wösten-van , Ent Cornelis van der
Published: September 2021

Introduction Understanding the impact of scoliosis surgery on lung
function is important for counseling patients about risks and benefits
of surgery. We prospectively compared the trends in lung function test
(LFT) results prior to and after scoliosis surgery in children with
neuromuscular diseases, or dysmorphic syndromes. We hypothesized a
stabilization. Methods We prospectively included children with
neuromuscular or syndromic scoliosis able to perform LFTs. We studied
(Forced) Vital Capacity ((F)VC), the ratio of Forced Expiratory Volume
in 1 second (FEV1) and FVC, and Peak Expiratory Flow (PEF). Preoperative
LFT results were compared with results 3-4 months after surgery. The
mean monthly change in LFT results up to 2 years after surgery was
compared with the preoperative natural history using linear mixed
effects models. Results We included 43 patients. No significant change
was observed in absolute values of (F)VC, FEV1/FVC and PEF prior to and
after surgery. Median standardized VC, FVC and PEF decreased
significantly after surgery from 59 to 58%, 60 to 51% and 61 to 53%
respectively. The monthly rate of change in FVC was -0.13 % (95% CI
-0.42 to 0.17) prior to surgery and -0.20% (95% CI -0.42 to 0.03)
after surgery, mean difference -0.07 (95% CI -0.46 to 0.31; p=0.36).
Conclusion No stabilization of lung function 3-4 months after scoliosis
surgery was observed in children with neuromuscular and syndromic
scoliosis with restrictive lung function disease. The effect of surgery
on the rate of lung function decline remains inconclusive.
Hydrology-mediated invasive macrophyte impacts on freshwater mussels in a hydropeaking reservoir
Authors: Moore Thomas P. , Clearwater Susan J. , Duggan Ian C. , Collier Kevin J.
Published: September 2021

Globally-threatened freshwater mussels belonging to the order Unionida
(Bivalvia) may be adversely affected by dense beds of submerged
macrophytes that modify habitat at the sediment-water interface. Such
effects can be particularly pronounced in modified lentic ecosystems
such as reservoirs which are subject to hydrological regimes (e.g.,
hydropeaking) that can exacerbate macrophyte-mediated impacts, including
anoxic or hypoxic conditions, the related release of toxic ions (e.g.,
ammonia), and silt accumulation that inhibits filter-feeding.
Accordingly, we compared how population size-structure and biomass of
the New Zealand mussel Echyridella menziesii varied inside and
outside of dense beds of invasive macrophytes known to have similar
impacts on water chemistry (e.g., anoxia) in two northern New Zealand
hydroreservoir locations with contrasting hydrology (lacustrine location
dominated by Ceratophyllum demersum; and riverine location
dominated by Egeria densa). We found adverse sediment-water
interface conditions were not always associated with dense submerged
macrophyte beds in littoral zones. Nonetheless, where they occurred,
adverse sediment-water interface conditions were primary drivers in
reduced mussel density and adult skewed size-structure, inferring
reduced recruitment. Disentangling direct and indirect effects with
structural equation modelling indicated that increased pore-water
ammonia did not impact these primarily adult populations of freshwater
mussels. Increased sediment organic matter, silt, and previously
recorded hypoxia and anoxia were exacerbated in the lacustrine section
where variable flows promoting water mixing were not present to reduce
their effects. High densities of mussels less than 40 mm in length were
associated with favourable sediment-water interface conditions of low
silt and sediment organic matter, suggesting that enhanced water
exchange in and around macrophyte beds may increase juvenile mussel
survival in littoral zones of the riverine lake section. Our findings
highlight a potential role for hydropeaking management in mitigating the
development of adverse physicochemical conditions, and underscore the
context-specific effects that dense non-native macrophyte beds can have
on mussel populations.
The dilution effect in a freshwater mutualism: impacts of introduced host species on native symbionts
Authors: Creed Robert , Bailey Gretchen L. , Skelton James , Brown Bryan L.
Published: September 2021

The dilution effect was originally proposed to describe the negative
effect of increased host diversity on parasite abundance; with greater
host diversity, parasite levels per host are predicted to be lower due
to a higher probability of dispersing parasites encountering
non-competent hosts. Dilution effects could also occur in many
mutualisms if dispersing symbionts encounter hosts that vary in their
competency. The introduction of non-native hosts can change community
competency of a local group of host species. Crayfish introductions are
occurring world-wide and these introductions are likely disrupting
native crayfish-symbiont systems. Branchiobdellidan symbionts declined
on native Cambarus crayfish occurring in the presence and absence
of non-native Faxonius crayfish in the New River, USA. We
performed an experiment investigating the effect of host density (1 vs 2
native hosts) and host diversity (1 native host and 1 introduced host)
on branchiobdellidan abundance. The introduced F. cristavarius is
a non-competent host for these worms. Six C. ingens were stocked
on a C. chasmodactylus in each treatment and worm numbers were
followed over 34 days. Worm numbers decreased over time on C.
chasmodactylus alone and in the treatment in which a C.
chasmodactylus was paired with an F. cristavarius. Worm numbers
remained highest in the 2 C. chasmodactylus treatment .
There was no significant effect of host diversity on worm reproduction.
Crayfish invasions may have negative effects on mutualistic symbionts
depending on the competence of introduced hosts. Loss of native
symbionts is one of the potential hidden, negative effects of invasions
on native freshwater diversity.
«… det vanskeligste er jo å finne noe fornuftig å gjøre»: Om betydningen av arbeid og aktivitet for mennesker med ROP-utfordringer
Authors: Fugletveit Ragnhild
Published: September 2021

This chapter explores ways in which work and other activities contribute meaning in the everyday lives of people with co-occurring challenges. There is still insufficient knowledge about the importance of work and activity among people with co-occurring challenges. This is evident in the Norwegian context, where people with co-occurring challenges are marginally represented in the workforce and other realms of activity. The conceptual framework in this chapter is based on symbolic interactionism, which implies meaning as a formative process. The methodological design is a bottom-up perspective, and the empirical sample consists of qualitative interviews with 13 women and men with challenges and/or co-occurring challenges. The findings indicate that work and activity have a significant impact, providing structure in their everyday lives and benefiting others. Work and activity contribute to affiliation in society and the local community. The conclusion indicates that emphasis and attention on work and activity as basic needs for people with co-occurring challenges is required: work and activity must become a central part of comprehensive services aimed at people with co-occurring challenges.
Om ROPIT-prosjektet, teoretisk forankring og metode
Authors: Bjørkquist Catharina , Ramsdal Helge
Published: September 2021

This chapter provides an overview of the ROPIT project on which many of the book’s chapters rely. Firstly, we give a brief account of the theoretical perspectives behind the common basis of the chapters, especially institutional theory. We discuss how these perspectives may shed light on the processes for change within the policy and service field that people with addiction and mental health issues encounter. We then describe some characteristics of these transformative processes outlined in the first chapter, such as decentralization and the emergence of locally based services, professional development with an emphasis on user perspectives, and the challenges facing the services in relation to goals for coordinated and integrated services. An important point is that the development processes have relatively clear implications with regard to what one does not want to characterize the services, and in practice open up a far more unclear framework for how to structure the services. Secondly, the ROPIT project is described in greater detail. Finally, the method and data material of the ROPIT project, which the book’s contributors also use in their analyses, are presented.