bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Faktor-faktor yang Mempengaruhi Program Pemberdayaan Masyarakat dalam Pendayagunaan Zakat Usaha Produktif Masyarakat Miskin
Authors: Raehana Syarifa
Published: October 2022

The purpose of this study is to know the management of productive zakat for the economic empowerment of society in LAZISNU Gowa. This study uses a qualitative approach and is described descriptively. Data collection techniques used interviews, observation, and documentation. While data analysis using data reduction, data display and verification. From the results of the study concluded that the management of productive zakat funds conducted by LAZISNU Gowa using the stages in management science. The steps in the empowerment of productive zakat by LAZISNU Gowa include data collection, supervision and supervision. There are two obstacles facing LAZISNU, internal and external factors. Among the  internal  factors  are  limited  funds  provided,  lack  of  coordination,  lack  of adequate human resources and administrative management that is still traditional. While external factors include is still a lot of muzakki who pay zakat outside amil institutions and mustahik less know management business.
Establishing Healthy Workplaces: A Case Study on the Employee Well-Being Initiatives in the IT Sector
Authors: Monteiro Elvira , Joseph James
Published: October 2022

Purpose: Over the past year, the dynamics at work have undergone a significant change. Business leaders are starting to understand the value of employee wellbeing as HR teams and IT industries help the workforce navigate and adapt throughout these transformations. The capacity to approach well-being holistically and align it with the distinct culture of the business is essential. Employers have to find solutions to meet the growing demands for empathy toward their employees because they are distressed and worried about what is happening to them. Employee wellbeing is the term used to describe the staff's general mental, physical, emotional, and financial health. Employee well-being is influenced by every aspect of work-life, including an employee's performance, interactions with fellow colleagues, personal standards, and workplace environment. Many IT companies are embracing employee well-being as a measure of teachable and everyday behaviour to address these issues. The present paper attempts to study employee well-being initiatives in the IT sector.
Methodology: To meet the objective of the paper, secondary sources of data like the IBEF report on the information technology sector, annual reports from selected IT companies, journal articles in Google Scholar, newspapers, and business websites are used.
Findings: According to the findings, many companies in the IT sector are promoting employee well-being by offering various initiatives and resilience-building training, and many more are adopting a preventative strategy to manage stress by working to identify risks and causes. However financial well-being is still an area that gets little attention
Originality/Value: This study will assist in comprehending the various employee well-being initiatives introduced by IT sector companies. To assist the companies in fostering a compassionate workplace culture and putting employees first, SWOC Analysis of those initiatives is carried out.
Paper Type: Case Study.
Os limites da interferência estatal nos contratos de transferência de tecnologia
Authors: Bianchini de Oliveira Filipe
Published: October 2022

Este trabalho visa estudar o conhecimento, a tecnologia e a propriedade industrial, especialmente sua importância estratégica nas nações. Buscará determinar exatamente o que é protegido pela legislação (nacional e internacional), porque tal proteção e feita, e como tal medida acarreta crescimento econômico-social, entendendo por que a tecnologia é um fator de produção de interesse para a soberania nacional dos países. Com isso, poderá ser compreendida com maior clareza a importância dos contratos de transferência de tecnologia, e quais os efeitos que tais negócios, eminentemente privados, lançarão nas políticas públicas nacionais. Todo esse arcabouço teórico servirá como base para que se discuta o ponto central do estudo: quais são as consequências da interferência do Estado nas cláusulas específicas dos contratos privados de transferência de tecnologia, como isso pode ser feito, e se é (ou não) um poder garantido ao ente público em busca de um bem maior.
Caso de Ensino: Magazine Luiza e a Tecnologia Transversal
Authors: Nogami Vitor Koki da Costa , Filardi Fernando
Published: October 2022

O presente caso explora a trajetória do Magazine Luiza a partir da transversalidade tecnológica. Com investimentos em tecnologia o Magalu pôde integrar sua distribuição, dar autonomia aos vendedores e transformar os clientes em parceiros. A partir das restrições impostas pela pandemia a empresa conseguiu adaptar-se rapidamente à nova dinâmica de mercado, pois já possuíam na empresa estrutura tecnológica e a cultura da inovação. O estudo de caso pode ser aplicado no curso de Administração em disciplinas como Marketing, Empreendedorismo, Inovação, Estratégia e outras. Ao final, notas de ensino são apresentadas para guiar o uso do caso em sala de aula.
Lados opostos da mesma moeda: diferentes efeitos das conexões política e financeira na assimetria de custos
Authors: Merlin Caresia Francieli Diane , De Togni Lindomar , Baú Dal Magro Cristian , Mazzioni Sady
Published: October 2022

O objetivo do estudo é analisar a influência das conexões política e financeira dos membros do conselho de administração no comportamento assimétrico de custos das companhias de capital aberto. A pesquisa é caracterizada como descritiva, documental e com abordagem quantitativa. A população corresponde às empresas de capital aberto listadas na B3, no período de 2015 a 2019. A coleta dos dados foi realizada por meio da base de dados da Economática® e nos formulários de referência divulgados no site da B3. A análise dos resultados foi elaborada a partir da regressão linear múltipla com uso do software SPSS. Os achados indicam que a conexão política direta dos membros do conselho de administração interfere negativamente no comportamento assimétrico de custos. Por outro lado, as conexões política e financeira indiretas dos membros do conselho de administração influenciam positivamente no comportamento assimétrico de custos. Conclui-se que os políticos vinculados diretamente aos conselhos de administração causam fragilidades na adaptação dos custos em períodos de declínio nas vendas, o que provavelmente seja explicado pela dificuldade de as empresas reduzirem alguns privilégios. Em contrapartida, os banqueiros com vínculos indiretos nos conselhos de administração trazem melhorias na adaptação dos custos frente a volatilidade nas vendas, o que tem sido complementando pelo vínculo indireto dos políticos. Conclui-se que as conexões política e financeira atuam em lados opostos da mesma moeda, com referência a atuação das empresas no comportamento assimétrico dos custos.
"MOTIVATION OF IT TERMS IN MEDICINE IN THE CONTEXT OF TERM FORMATION"
Authors: D. B. Tleumbetova  , S. A. Ivanova  , N. V. Dokuchaeva
Published: October 2022

"The article discusses some aspects of the motivation of the terms in the field of IT in medicine on the basis of the Russian language. Definitions of the concepts «term», «abbreviation», «acronym» are given, motivated and unmotivated types of terms are distinguished. The specifics of the motivation of terms is revealed, which manifests itself in the disclosure of the semantic relationships of the meaning and structure of the terminological unit. In the course of the study, there is a tendency to combine different types of motivation within the same sphere, models of term abbreviations are presented, as well as acronyms and abbreviations in English used in international nomenclature. The article also presents an analysis of Russian acronyms and abbreviations in the terminological system under study, highlights thematic categories according to the name of organizations, equipment, medical history, treatment methods, names of information databases. In the context of the issues under consideration, groups of information systems are given in terms of content (territorial, problem-oriented). The authors came to the conclusion that the use of the abbreviation method in term formation indicates the flexibility of the language and its ability to adapt to the changing conditions of modernity, which is an important argument for the functioning of the law of economy of language means. In addition, it was noted that, depending on the field of application, various extralinguistic factors influence the formation of the studied terminological system."
"АХМЕТ БАЙТҰРСЫНҰЛЫ – ФОЛЬКЛОРТАНУШЫ ҒАЛЫМ"
Authors: Н. Қ. Жүсіпов  , М. Н. Баратова  , Б. Б. Жумабекова
Published: October 2022

"Бұл мақалада қазақ әдебиеттану ғылымының негізін қалаушы ғалым, тіл білімінің зерттеушісі, тюрколог, қазақ баспасөз тілінің ұлттық үлгісін қалыптастырған журналист, өз елінің рухани дүниесін көтеруге көп еңбек еткен мәдениет қайраткері, ұлттық жазудың реформаторы, ағартушысы – Ахмет Байтұрсынұлының фольклортанушылық еңбектері қарастырылды. Ахмет Байтұрсынұлы әдебиет тарихына, теориясы мен сынына, методологиясына тұңғыш рет тиянақты анықтама беріп, қазақ әдебиеттану ғылымының жүйесін жасады. Халық тілінің бай қоры көзінен мағынасы терең, ұғымдық аясы кең сөздерді термин етіп алып, соның негізінде қазақ фольклоры мен әдебиетінің барлық жанрлық формаларын топтап, жіктеп берді. Мақалада оның «Оқу құралы», «Тіл-құрал», «Әдебиет танытқыш», «Ер Сайын», «23 жоқтау», «Әліп би» т.б. деген еңбектері фольклортанушылық тұрғыдан сөз болады. Оның мақалалары ғылыми байыптауымен, өткір ойларымен сол кезеңнің шындығынан хабар береді. Ахметтің шыр етіп жерге түскеннен бастап, ер жетіп есейгенге дейінгі өмір жолы халық поэзиясы үлгілері негізінде тербетілуі; ақын-жыраулар аузынан шыққан түрлі ғашықтық, батырлық, тарихи жырларды, айтыстарды, би-шешендердің дуалы сөздерін т.б. естіп ержетуі – болашақ фольклортанушы ғалымның шығармашылықтағы бағыт-бағдарын, таным-мақсатын т.б. негіздеп бергені анық. Жалпы мақалада Ахмет Байтұрсынұлының қазақ фольклорын жинаудағы, жариялаудағы және зерттеудегі еңбектері жан-жақты қарастырылады."
Mobility and Routing based Channel Estimation for Hybrid Millimeter-Wave MIMO WSNs
Authors: Geeta  , Bhavikatti A.M.
Published: October 2022

Recently, technological developments have enhanced, the use of Millimeter-wave (mm-Wave) Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) system in various communication applications and wireless sensor networks as channel estimation efficiency can be immensely improved with the help of this technological developments in Millimeter-wave MIMO system and wireless sensor network as well. Moreover, they can improve quality of communication services to a great extent. However, cell interference in Millimeter-wave (mm-Wave) MIMO system can produce a massive impact on spectral efficiency. Therefore, a Routing Enabled Channel Estimation (RECE) technique is presented in this article to minimize interference between cells. The proposed Channel Estimation technique improves channel capacity as well as spectral efficiency. Moreover, Normalized Mean Square Error (NMSE) is minimized heavily using proposed RECE technique. Here, main aim of this article is to reduce cell interference and channel estimation inside a cell by using route selection, beam selection, and spatial frequency estimation. Here, different scenarios and parameters are considered to evaluate performance efficiency of proposed RECE technique in terms of spectral efficiency, NMSE and SNR and compared against varied traditional channel estimation techniques. Moreover, it is clearly evident from performance results that the proposed channel estimation technique performs better than the other two methods.
Trends estimation in annual numbers of merino sheep and wool production in South Africa, from 1980 to 2017
Authors: BILA Lubabalo , TYASI Thobela Louis , KHETSHA Zenzile Peter
Published: October 2022

The economic important value of wool in South Africa is influenced by many characteristics that meet processor capacities and consumers’ preference. The study was conducted to characterize the trends of annual Merino sheep numbers, wool sales and wool auction price in South Africa, from 1980 to 2017. The data from year 1980 to 2017 was retrieved from the abstract of agricultural statistics which was published by the Department of Agriculture, Land Reform and Rural Development (DLRRD) in 2020 was used. Trends were analysed using the differences and percentage change between numbers of years in each independent variable (annual number of Merino sheep, wool sales and wool auction price). The findings indicated that there was a trend in annual number of Merino sheep, wool sales and wool auction prices. In annual numbers of Merino sheep, the highest decrease was observed from 1992 to 1993 (-1878) by 11.2 percent (%) while the huge increase was observed from 1999 to 2000 (+1177) by 10.6%. In wool sales, the findings showed that there was an increase (+5.4) from 1980 to 1982 with 7.7% while there was a decrease (-4.7) from 1982 to 1983 by 6.2%. In wool auction price, the highest increase was observed from 1986 to 1987 (+250903) by 77.2%. Regression findings indicated that all the predicted regression models were statistically significant at P < 0.01. However, the results suggest that quadratic (R2 = 90) was the best fit model to predict the relationship between number of years and annual Merino sheep numbers. This study suggests that there was a trend in annual numbers of Merino sheep, wool sales and wool auction prices in South Africa from 1980 and 2017. Moreover, this study might help Merino sheep farmers to recognise the trends that might be helpful in planning for annual wool productions.
Current and future perspectives on smart glasses
Authors: Kanupriya
Published: October 2022

Editorial
An assessment of the impact of quality standards on the business performance of small, medium and micro-sized enterprises in KwaZulu-Natal : selected cases in the Durban Metropolitan area
Authors:   , Mkhize Phindile Buyile
Published: October 2022

The aim of this research is to assess the impact of quality standards on the business performance of SMMEs in KwaZulu-Natal, with specific reference to selected cases in the Durban Metropolitan Area. Over the years, organizations have been frequently criticised for failing to comply with the quality standards such as the SANS 9001 / ISO 9001 that are required for effective implementation of Quality Management Systems and SANS 342 which provides specifications for diesel fuel products. Quality standards are defined as a set of detailed specifications, requirements, various guidelines and characteristics to be adopted in order to provide assurance that the product, service or process is fit for purpose. The perception amongst organizations has often been that systems and products certification do not add value towards improved business processes, best practices and customer satisfaction. It is further argued that product certification is erroneously perceived by organizations as a marketing tool and strategy that is needed for business survival and larger market penetration. The focus of this study is to critically evaluate the correlation between quality standards and organizational performance. Whilst looking at the impact of quality standards, the study critically assesses the holistic approach used in the adoption of quality standards. In order to meet the objectives of this study, the research adopts a mixed method approach. However, the quantitative approach is predominant since data will be collected using completed questionnaires, which can be quantified. This study was restricted to a targeted population and therefore the sample size was limited to twenty SMMEs, comprising ten non-certified SMMEs and ten certified SMMEs. This study adopted a qualitative research approach to collect and analyse data. The research methodology involved the use of semi-structured interviews and questionnaires. The surveys used to collect data involved both certified and non-certified organizations regardless of the type and size of business. Hence the scope covered businesses that manufacture products as well as those rendering services. The hypotheses to be tested and the results emanating from the survey formed an integral part of the research conclusions, recommendations for intervention and contemplated areas for further research. The study established that there is a positive relationship between the adoption of quality standards and business excellence of SMMEs. Based on the findings, several recommendations have been made including the significant role of government in the mitigation of the challenges and barriers associated with the acquisition of statutory quality management systems and compliance of quality standards as experienced by SMMEs
ANTI-FUNGAL ACTIVITY OF ANTHRAQUINONE DERIVATIVES(Part 2)
Authors:   JSC «A.B. Bekturov Institute of  Chemical Sciences», Almaty, Kazakhstan, Kharlamova T.V.
Published: October 2022

Fungal infections are an increasingly recognized global threat to human, animal and plant health. The problem is acute in agriculture as well. The problems posed by fungal plant pathogens affect global food security by causing severe damage to many valuable crops. This is related to crop yields, post-harvest losses, and contamination of forage and consumer products.The purposeof the review is to analyze the problem of fungal diseases of plants and search for effective fungicides in the family of anthraquinone derivatives. Objects. Derivatives of 9,10-anthraquinone: chrysophanol, emodin, рhyscion, rhein, aloe-emodin.Results.Fungi are key components of global biogeochemical cycles and include numerous species with pathogenic potential that affect various plant species. Of particular concern is the impact of fungal pathogens on cultivated and commercial plant species on which the food security of the world population depends. Among natural compounds, 9,10-anthraquinone derivatives represent a group of quinones with biological activity and great structural diversity. This review presents the data on the main fungal plant pathogens and the analysis of the antifungal activity of the most abundant anthraquinone molecules, such as chrysophanol, emodin, physcion, rein and aloe-emodin, as well as some structurally related molecules, in order to analyze the influence of chemical structure of derivatives on their activity.Conclusion. Natural sources of antimicrobial agents, which can be regarded as an alternative to traditionally used drugs, have now begun to receive special attention. Natural sites contain a variety of biologically active secondary metabolites. Among them, derivatives of 9,10-anthraquinone, such as chrysophanol, emodin, physcion, rein, aloe-emodin, have shown activity against a variety of plant fungal pathogens and can be considered as promising structures for finding new antifungal agents.
SYNTHESIS, CHEMICAL MODIFICATION AND GROWTH-STIMULATING ACTIVITY OF N-BENZYLMETHYLAMINE AND INDOLINE DERIVATIVES
Authors:   A.B. Bekturov Institute of Chemical Sciences JSC, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Anuarbekova I.N. , Markina D.B. ,   A.B. Bekturov Institute of Chemical Sciences JSC, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Sycheva E.S. ,   A.B. Bekturov Institute of Chemical Sciences JSC, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Mukanova M.S. ,   A.B. Bekturov Institute of Chemical Sciences JSC, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Sarsenbaeva G.B. ,   Zh. Zhiembaev Kazakh Research Institute of Plant Protection and Quarantine, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Seilkhanov O.T. ,   Kokshetau State University, Kokshetau, Kazakhstan
Published: October 2022

One of the main tasks of organic chemistry is development of purposeful synthesis ways of biologically active substances. The chemistry of dithiocarbamic compounds opens up wide possibilities for solving this problem. There is a strong interest in dithiocarbamic acids due to a wide range oftheir biological activity (anticancer, antibacterial, antifungal, anti-neurodegenerative, anti-tuberculosis, growthstimulating, root forming, etc.). The purpose of this studyis the synthesis of biologically active substances inthe series of element(N-,O-,S-,F-,Cl-)organic compounds based on N-benzylmethylamine and indoline, their structure determination and biological activity investigation. Results and discussion. The initial sodium dithiocarbamates were synthesized by the reaction of N-benzylmethylamine and indoline with carbon disulfide in the yields 92 and 52%. Acylation of synthesized dithiocarbamates with acid chlorides was carried out and the corresponding derivatives of dithiocarbamic aromatic and heterocyclic thioanhydrides were obtained in the yields 58-85%. The structure of the synthesized compounds was identified by using elemental analysis, IR spectra, 1Н and 13С NMR spectroscopy. Laboratory study of growth-stimulating activity of new biologically active compounds onlaboratory germination and germination energy of wheat and soybean seeds was carried out.Conclusion.The best results were achieved when wheat seeds were treated with sodium indoline-1-carbodithioate and benzyl(methyl)carbamothio-4-fluorobenzoic thioanhydride at 0.001% concentration.Germination energy and laboratory seed germination were 100% and 100%, and for the standard -80% and 90%, respectively. It was found that seed treatment with new synthesized preparations intensively stimulates the growing and germination of wheat shoots in comparison with the control and the standard.
VAPOR-PHASE OXIDATION OF 2-METHYLPYRIDINEON V-Zr-O-CATALYSTS MODIFIED WITH TIN AND NIOBIUM OXIDES
Authors:   JSC «A.B.Bekturov Institute of Chemical Sciences», Almaty, Kazakhstan, Yugay O.K. , Mikhailovskaya T.P. ,   JSC «A.B.Bekturov Institute of Chemical Sciences», Almaty, Kazakhstan, Kadirbekov K.A. ,   JSC «A.B.Bekturov Institute of Chemical Sciences», Almaty, Kazakhstan
Published: October 2022

Vapor-phase catalytic oxidation of pyridine alkyl derivatives is an effective method for obtaining a variety of physiologically active substances that are widely used in practice, as well as for the synthesis of solvents, starting materials for the production of dyes, herbicides, etc. For the process, a cheap oxidizing agent is used -atmospheric oxygen. Of great importance is the choice and creation of an active and selective process catalyst. Basically, the oxidation processes are carried out in the presence of catalysts based on vanadium oxide with the addition of transition metal oxides. The aim of the work.Study of the behavior of V-Zr-O catalysts modified with tin and niobium oxides in the vapor-phase oxidation of 2-methylpyridine. Metodology. Vapor-phase oxidation of 2-methylpyridine was carried out in a flow-type reactor simulating an element of an industrial contact apparatus. The reaction products were analyzed by chromatographic method. Results and disscution. It was shown that the component composition of the contact determines the catalytic action in the studied process, affecting not only the activity of the catalyst, but also the composition of the reaction products. By varying the conditions of the vapor-phase catalytic oxidation of 2-methylpyridine, such as temperature, the molar ratio of the initial substance:О2:Н2О, it is possible to obtain both oxygen-containing derivatives (pyridine-2-aldehyde and picolinic acid) and pyridine, a product of oxidative demethylation. Conclusion.It has been established that pyridine, which is one of the important products of the vapor-phase oxidation of 2-methylpyridine, can be obtained in 85.3% yield on a V-Zr-O catalyst modified with niobium oxide.
Analysis of Mathematical Errors Committed by Grade Six Children with Mathematics Difficulties: Implications for Classroom Instruction
Authors: Teketel Seleshi Zeleke
Published: October 2022

A growing body of research has shown that children with mathematics difficulties (MD) encounter problems in a range of mathematical tasks including mathematical computations, mathematical concepts and word problems. However, limited work has been accomplished to date that documented the children’s specific difficulties or problems in each category of mathematical tasks. The present study examined whether or not children with MD face more difficulties with some operations in each category than other operations. The study selected 13 grade six children with MD from two primary schools in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Examination of the students’ performance on a 50-item curriculum-based mathematics test showed that (i) on the computation subtest, the children performed significantly poorly on items with multiplication, division and mixed operations as compared to computation items that require addition and subtraction; (ii) on mathematical concepts, the children performed significantly worse on all items but they performed slightly better on principles and rules; and (iii) on word problems, the children performed significantly poorly on all five types of items (addition, subtraction, multiplication, division and mixed operations). Overall, the findings show that children with MD face difficulties with several types of mathematical (computation, concepts and word problem) tasks except computation items that require the application of addition and subtraction.
RISK FACTORS OF PREECLAMSIA IN PREGNANT WOMEN: LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors:   STIKes Bahrul Ulum Jombang, Jawa Timur, Indonesia, Fatimah Siti , Stianto Mitayakuna ,   STIKes Bahrul Ulum Jombang, Jawa Timur, Indonesia, Fitriana Alfira ,   STIKes Bahrul Ulum Jombang, Jawa Timur, Indonesia, Fatimah Siti ,   STIKes Bahrul Ulum Jombang, Jawa Timur, Indonesia
Published: October 2022

Background: The maternal mortality rate in Indonesia in 2020 reached 462 per 100,000 live births. Preeclampsia is some specific symptoms that only appear during pregnancy at 20 weeks of gestation (except for trophoblastic problems), these symptoms include hypertension accompanied by the presence of protein in the urine. The impact of preeclampsia on pregnant women can cause a decrease in consciousness, if preeclampsia is severe it can be accompanied by seizures. The purpose of this study is to determine the risk factors that influence the occurrence of preeclampsia. Subjects and Methods: This was a literature reviews study. The articles used were obtained from PubMed, and Google Scholar. Several passwords were used: "pregnant women" OR "mothers in labor" AND preeclampsia OR eclampsia OR eclampsia AND "risk factors" OR "risk factors" This method aims to increase understanding of the topics discussed by summarizing the topics to be discussed. This method provides insight into new facts/analyses as well as a literature review providing a summary of good and relevant publications that are further compared with the results that have been presented in the article. Results: of 11 articles that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 8 articles with a case-control study design, 2 cross-sectional articles, and 1 retrospective cohort study article. Conclusion: Risk triggers that have a relationship with the incidence of preeclampsia include the age of pregnant women at risk for nulliparity, primigravida, economic factors, previous history of preeclampsia, parity, level, education, use of ANC, gestational period, BMI before pregnancy, history of abortion, history of hormonal contraceptive use, Heredity, Multiple pregnancies, Medical history (chronic hypertension, diabetes, kidney disease, and obesity), Hypertension, Diabetes, Obesity
PENGARUH DISIPLIN KERJA DAN MOTIVASI KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN PADA PT. BUMI PESONA KAHYANGAN
Authors: Yohanes Very Vernando Rambe  , Wijil Nugroho
Published: October 2022

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of work discipline and the quality  of work motivation on employee performance at PT. BUMI PESONA KAHYANGAN. In this  study, we analyzed literature and journal data, then measured it by making a questionnaire in  closed questions, namely a questionnaire that had the answers provided. This study will show Work Discipline (X1) and Work Motivation (X2). The object of this research is Employee  Performance (Y) and the sample is 36 employees. The method used in this research is  quantitative and qualitative methods
UTILIZING GOOGLE DRIVE AS A PERSONAL DIGITAL LIBRARY
Authors: Alvin Febrianto
Published: October 2022

Libraries have another form called digital libraries. In line with the development of information technology that has entered human life, it has brought changes to the library system. The desire to have library resources that can be accessed anywhere and anytime also encourages the existence of digital libraries. By utilizing a digital library-based information system, everyone can obtain appropriate and useful reading sources. The impracticality of the conventional library system is that one has to go to the location first, which is very impractical. This situation makes digital libraries one of the solutions that can be built to bridge these weaknesses. The method used in this study is a qualitative descriptive method. From the results and discussion obtained the steps for creating an account, digital library design, how the system works, and the appearance of digital libraries. The hope of this research is that the library system created can be used by anyone to support an easy, inexpensive, and paperless information system.
Pengaruh Non Performing Loan, Kecukupan Modal, Firm Size, Net Profit Margin Terhadap Return On Asset Bank Danamon Indonesia Tbk Tahun 2014-2021
Authors: Dicky Kurniawan Pratama  , Indah Yuni Astuti  , Beny Mahyudi Saputra
Published: October 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui : (1) Pengaruh Non Performing Loan Terhadap Return On Asset, (2) Pengaruh Kecukupan Modal Terhadap Return On Asset, (3) Pengaruh Firm size Terhadap Return On Asset dan (4) Pengaruh Net Profit Margin Terhadap Return On Asset. Jenis pada penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Sampel pada penelitian ini adalah seluruh laporan keuangan triwulan mulai dari kuartal 1 tahun 2014 – kuartal 1 tahun 2021. Teknik pengambilan sampel pada penelitian ini menggunakan Purposive Sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan sumber sekunder. Pada teknis analisis data penelitian ini menggunakan regresi linier berganda. Hasil dari penelitian ini pada taraf signifikansi 0,05 yang menunjukkan bahwa (1) terdapat pengaruh signifikan secara parsial Non Performing Loan  Terhadap Return On Asset. Nilai ttabel 2,05183 > thitung 1,416. Nilai sig 0,168 > 0,05. (2) terdapat pengaruh signifikan secara parsial Kecukupan modal Terhadap Return On Asset. Nilai ttabel 2,05183 > thitung 0,726. Nilai sig 0,474 > 0,05. (3) terdapat pengaruh signifikan secara parsial Firm Size Terhadap Return On Asset. Nilai ttabel 2,05183 > thitung -0,872. Nilai sig 0,391 > 0,05. (4) terdapat pengaruh signifikan secara parsial Net Profit Margin Terhadap Return On Asset. Nilai ttabel 2,05183 > thitung 1,128. Nilai sig 0,269 > 0,05. (5) terdapat pengaruh signifikan secara simultan Non Performing Loan, Kecukupan Modal, Firm Size, Dan Net Profit Margin Terhadap Return On Asset Nilai Ftabel 2,73 > Fhitung 0,586. Nilai sig 0,676 > 0,05. Perhitungan analisis Regresi Linier berganda dengan menggunakan persamaan regresi diperoleh dengan nilai Y =  0,334 + 0,298X1 + 0,018X2  - 0.018 X3 + 0,12 X4 .
A new algorithm to generate a priori trace gas profiles for the GGG2020 retrieval algorithm
Authors: Laughner Joshua L. , Roche Sébastien , Kiel Matthäus , Toon Geoffrey C. , Wunch Debra , Baier Bianca C. , Biraud Sébastien , Chen Huilin , Kivi Rigel , Laemmel Thomas , McKain Kathryn , Quéhé Pierre-Yves , Rousogenous Constantina , Stephens Britton B. , Walker Kaley , Wennberg Paul O.
Published: October 2022

Abstract. Optimal estimation retrievals of trace gas total columns require prior vertical profiles of the gases retrieved to drive the forward model and ensure the retrieval problem is mathematically well-posed. For well-mixed gases, it is possible to derive accurate prior profiles using an algorithm that accounts for general patterns of atmospheric transport coupled with measured time series of the gases in questions. Here we describe the algorithm used to generate the prior profiles for GGG2020, a new version of the GGG retrieval that is used to analyze spectra from solar-viewing Fourier transform spectrometers, including the Total Carbon Column Observing Network (TCCON). A particular focus of this work is improving the description of CO2, CH4, N2O, HF, and CO in the stratosphere. We show that the revised priors agree well with independent in situ and space-based measurements and improve the total column retrievals.
New methods for the calibration of optical resonators: Integrated Calibration by means of Optical Modulation (ICOM) and Narrow Band Cavity ring-down (NB-CRD)
Authors: Finkenzeller Henning , Pöhler Denis , Horbanski Martin , Lampel Johannes , Platt Ulrich
Published: October 2022

Abstract. Optical resonators are used in spectroscopic measurements of atmospheric trace gases to establish long optical path lengths L(λ) with enhanced absorption in compact instruments. In cavity-enhanced broad band methods, the exact knowledge of both the magnitude of L(λ) and its spectral dependency is fundamental for the correct retrieval of trace gas concentrations. L(λ) is connected to the spectral mirror reflectivity R(λ) which is often referred to instead. L(λ) is also influenced by other quantities like broad-band absorbers or alignment of the optical resonator. The established calibration techniques to determine L(λ), e.g., introducing gases with known optical properties or measuring the ring-down time, all have limitations: Limited spectral resolution, insufficient absolute accuracy and precision, inconvenience for field deployment, or high cost of implementation. Here, we present two new methods that aim to overcome these limitations: (1) Narrow Band Cavity ring-down (NB-CRD) uses Cavity Ring-down and a tunable filter to retrieve spectrally resolved path lengths. (2) Integrated Calibration by means of Optical Modulation (ICOM) allows the determination of the optical path-length at the spectrometer resolution with high accuracy in a relatively simple setup. In a prototype set-up we demonstrate the high accuracy and precision of the new approaches. The methods facilitate and improve the determination of L(λ), thereby simplifying the use of cavity enhanced absorption spectroscopy.
Modelled variations of the inherent optical properties of summer Arctic ice and their effects on the radiation budget: A case based on ice cores from CHINARE 2008–2016
Authors: Yu Miao , Lu Peng , Leppäranta Matti , Cheng Bin , Lei Ruibo , Li Bingrui , Wang Qingkai , Li Zhijun
Published: October 2022

Abstract. Variations in Arctic sea ice are not only apparent in its extent and thickness but also in its internal properties under global warming. The microstructure of summer Arctic sea ice changes simultaneously due to varying external forcing, ice age, and extended melting seasons, which affect its optical properties. Sea ice cores sampled in the Pacific sector of the Arctic obtained by the Chinese National Arctic Research Expeditions (CHINARE) during the summers of 2008 to 2016 were used to estimate the variations in the microstructures and inherent optical properties (IOPs) of ice and determine the radiation budget of sea ice based on a radiative transfer model. Compared with 2008, the volume fraction of gas bubbles in the top layer of sea ice in 2016 increased by 7.5 %, and decreased by 50.3 % in the interior layer. Meanwhile, the volume fraction of brine pockets increased clearly in the study years. The changing microstructure resulted in an increase in the scattering coefficient in the top ice layers by 9.3 % from 2008 to 2016, while an opposite situation occurred in the interior layer. These estimated ice IOPs fell within the range of other observations and their variations were related to increasing air temperature and decreasing ice ages. At the Arctic basin scale, the changing IOPs of ice greatly changed the amount of solar radiation transmitted to the upper ocean even when a constant ice thickness is assumed, especially in marginal ice zones, implying the presence of different sea ice bottom melt processes. These findings revealed the important role of the changing IOPs of ice in affecting the radiation transfer of Arctic sea ice.
A dynamic ammonia emission model and the online coupling with WRF-Chem (WRF-SoilN-Chem v1.0): development and evaluation
Authors: Ren Chuanhua , Huang Xin , Liu Tengyu , Song Yu , Wen Zhang , Liu Xuejun , Ding Aijun , Zhu Tong
Published: October 2022

Abstract. Volatilization of ammonia (NH3) from fertilizer application and livestock wastes is an overwhelmingly important pathway of nitrogen losses in agricultural ecosystems and constitutes the largest source of atmospheric NH3. The volatilization of NH3 highly depends on environmental and meteorological conditions, however, this phenomenon is poorly described in current emission inventory and atmospheric models. Here, we develop a dynamic NH3 emission model capable of calculating NH3 emission rate interactively with time- and spatial-varying meteorological and soil conditions. The NH3 flux parameterization relies on several meteorological factors and anthropogenic activity including fertilizer application, livestock waste, traffic, residential and industrial sectors. The model is then embedded into a regional WRF-Chem model and is evaluated against field measurements of NH3 concentrations and emission flux, and satellite retrievals of column loading. The evaluation shows a substantial improvement in the model performance of NH3 flux and ambient concentration in China. The model well represents the spatial and temporal variations of ambient NH3 concentration, indicating the highest emission in the North China Plain (NCP) and Sichuan Basin, especially during summertime. Compared with normal simulations using fixed emission inventory input, this model features superior capability in simulating NH3 emission flux and concentration during drastic weather changes like frontal activities and precipitation. Such advances in emission quantification also improve the model performance of secondary inorganic aerosol on synoptic scales. While more laboratory and field measurements are still needed for better parameterization of NH3 volatilization, the seamless coupling of soil emission with meteorology provides a better understanding of NH3 emission evolution and its contribution to atmospheric chemistry.
The most extreme rainfall erosivity ever recorded in China: The "7.20" rainstorm in Henan Province
Authors: Xiao Yuanyuan , Yin Shuiqing , Yu Bofu , Fan Conghui , Wang Wenting , Xie Yun
Published: October 2022

Abstract. Severe water erosion occurs during extreme storm events. Such an extreme storm occurred in Zhengzhou in central China on 20 July 2021 (the “7.20” rainstorm). The magnitude and frequency of occurrence of this storm event were examined in terms of its erosivity values. To contextualize this extreme event, hourly rainfall data from 2420 automatic meteorological stations in China from 1951 to 2021 were analyzed to: (1) characterize the spatial and temporal distribution of rainfall and rainfall erosivity of the “7.20” rainstorm, (2) evaluate the average recurrence interval of the maximum daily and event rainfall erosivity, and (3) establish the geographical distribution of the maximum daily and event rainfall erosivity in China. The center of the “7.20” rainstorm moved from southeast to northwest in Henan province, and the most intense period of rainfall occurred in the middle and late stages of the storm. Zhengzhou meteorological station happened to be aligned with the center of the storm, with a maximum daily rainfall of 552.5 mm and a maximum hourly rainfall intensity of 201.9 mm"∙" h-1. The average recurrence interval of the maximum daily rainfall erosivity (43,354 MJ·mm·ha-1· h-1) and the maximum event rainfall erosivity (58 874 MJ·mm·ha-1·h-1) was estimated to be 109 079 and 154 154 years, respectively, assuming the generalized extreme value distribution, and these were the maximum rainfall erosivity ever recorded among 2420 meteorological stations in mainland China. The “7.20” rainstorm suggests that the most erosive of storms does not necessarily occur in the wettest places in southern China, and it can occur in mid-latitude around 35 °N with a moderate mean annual precipitation of 549.2 mm in Zhengzhou meteorological station.
Cast shadows reveal changes in glacier thickness
Authors: Pfau Monika , Veh Georg , Schwanghart Wolfgang
Published: October 2022

Abstract. Increased glacier melt rates call for accurate local estimates of glacier elevation change to predict future changes in glacier runoff and their contribution to sea level rise. Glacier elevation change is typically derived from digital elevation models (DEMs) tied to surface change analysis from satellite imagery. Yet, the rugged topography in mountain regions can cast shadows onto glacier surfaces, making it difficult to detect local glacier elevation changes in remote areas. However, most optical satellite images offer precise time-stamped meta data of the solar position and angle during the acquisition. These data are useful to simulate shadows from a given DEM. Accordingly, any differences in shadow length between simulated and mapped shadows in satellite images could indicate a change in glacier elevation relative to the acquisition date of the DEM. We tested this hypothesis at five selected glaciers with long-term monitoring programs. For each glacier, we projected cast shadows on the glacier surface from freely available DEMs and compared simulated shadows to cast shadows mapped in ~40 years of Landsat images. We validated the relative differences with in situ geodetic measurements of glacier elevation change. We find that shadow-derived glacier elevation changes are consistent with independent photogrammetric and geodetic surveys in shadowed areas. Our method shows that Baltoro Glacier (Karakoram, Pakistan) gained slightly in elevation between 1987 and 2020, while Great Aletsch Glacier (Switzerland) recorded the most negative melt rates of about 1 m per year. While hydrological mass balances are averaged over a given glacier, we provide local glacier thickness changes, a vital information to quantify variances in melt rates in the accumulation or ablation zone. Our appraisal hinges on the precision of the DEM as the geometry of ridges and peaks constrain the shadow that we cast on the glacier surface. Future generations of DEMs with higher resolution and accuracy will improve our method, enriching the toolbox for estimating glacier mass balance especially in remote glacier areas with difficult field access.
Brief Communication: Glacier mapping and change estimation using very high resolution declassified Hexagon KH-9 panoramic stereo imagery (1971–1984)
Authors: Ghuffar Sajid , King Owen , Guillet Grégoire , Rupnik Ewelina , Bolch Tobias
Published: October 2022

Abstract. The panoramic cameras (PC) onboard Hexagon KH-9 satellite missions from 1971–1984 captured very-high resolution stereo imagery with up to 60 cm spatial resolution. This study explores the potential of this imagery for glacier mapping and change estimation. We assess KH-9PC imagery using data from KH-9 Mapping Camera (MC), KH-4PC as well as SPOT and Pleiades satellites. The high resolution of KH-9PC leads to higher quality DEMs, which better resolve the accumulation region of the glaciers in comparison to the KH-9MC. On stable terrain, KH-9PC DEMs achieve an elevation accuracy <4 m with respect to SPOT and Pleiades DEMs. While the estimated geodetic mass balance using PC and MC data are similar, the elevation change data show superior spatial coverage and considerably less noise.
CHANGES IN ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE ATMOSPHERE IN DIFFERENT GEOGRAPHIC REGIONS DURING THE PERIOD OF ECONOMIC ACTIVITY DECLINE IN THE SPRING OF 2020
Authors:   Voeikov Main Geophysical Observatory, ZAINETDINOV B.G. , SOKOLENKO L.G. ,   Voeikov Main Geophysical Observatory, ZANYUKOV V.V. ,   Voeikov Main Geophysical Observatory
Published: October 2022

Changes in the atmospheric electricity characteristics (AECs) during the spring of 2020 in the urban, suburban, and very low human impact areas (Irkutsk, Irkutsk oblast; Voeikovo, Leningrad oblast; Tiksi, Republic of Sakha) are considered. Based on the AEC data, a theoretical assessment of the change in aerosol concentrations at these sites was carried out. Apparently, the decline in economic activity associated with the measures to prevent the expansion of COVID-19 significantly decreased the concentration of airborne particles in cities and suburban regions
QUALITY OF SOIL SIMULATION BY INM RAS-MSU LAND SURFACE SCHEME AS A PART OF THE SL-AV WEATHER PREDICTION MODEL
Authors:   Hydrometeorological Research Center of the Russian Feleration, TRAVOVA S.V. , STEPANENKO V.M. ,   Hydrometeorological Research Center of the Russian Feleration,   Lomonosov Moscow State University,   Moscow Center for Fundamental and Applied Mathematics, MEDVEDEV A.I. ,   Hydrometeorological Research Center of the Russian Feleration,   Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, TOLSTYKH M.A. ,   Hydrometeorological Research Center of the Russian Feleration,   Marchuk Institute of Numerical Mathematics, Russian Academy of Sciences, BOGOMOLOV V. YU. ,   Institute of Monitoring of Climate and Ecological Systems, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: October 2022

In situ soil moisture and temperature observations are used to evaluate soil moisture and temperature analysis of the global atmospheric model SL-AV for the summer season of 2014 across Western Europe. It is shown that the seasonal temperature analysis trends are reproduced better than the seasonal trends of soil moisture. Numerical experiments with the offline land surface scheme demonstrated that the implementation of the Mualem-van Genuchten water retention curve has the advantage for describing the processes of soil moisture transfer in comparison with Brooks-Corey parameterization. The last one is used in the basic version of the model. The Mualem-van Genuchten function provides better computational stability of the soil model in case of soils with high coarse grain content. An important contribution to the soil moisture error in the analysis and forecast is caused by specifying an inaccurate profile of the soil granulometric composition. It indicates a need to involve state-of-the-art databases for soil characteristics
RETRIEVAL OF TOTAL PRECIPITABLE WATER FROM METEOR-M NO. 2-2 MTVZA-GYA DATA USING A NEURAL NETWORK ALGORITHM
Authors:   Far Eastern Center, Planeta State Research Center on Space Hydrometeorology, FILEI A.A. , ANDREEV A.I. ,   Far Eastern Center, Planeta State Research Center on Space Hydrometeorology, KUCHMA M.O. ,   Far Eastern Center, Planeta State Research Center on Space Hydrometeorology, USPENSKY A.B. ,   Planeta State Research Center on Space Hydrometeorology
Published: October 2022

The paper presents the application of the artificial neural network algorithm for the retrieval of total precipitable water in the atmosphere over water and land from the measurements of MTVZA-GYa microwave radiometer on board the Meteor-M No. 2-2 satellite. Satellite-based estimates of total precipitable water were compared with radiosonde and AERONET data, as well as with the ECMWF numerical weather prediction model output. According to the comparison, the root-mean-square error (RMSE) does not exceed 4.5 mm for radiosonde data and is less than 4 mm for the ECMWF and AERONET data. The best accuracy is provided over water with the RMSE not exceeding 3 mm. The total precipitable water estimates retrieved from MTVZA-GYa and NOAA-20/ATMS radiometer data are consistent over water, while the MTVZА-GYa based estimates are more accurate over land.