bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Challenge for Making a Risk Map of Lost Circulation Based on Geomechanical Evaluation in a Complex Carbonate Reservoir in Offshore Abu Dhabi
Authors: Tsusaka Kimikazu , Saito Shun , Toma Motohiro , Goyara Yassar Goyara , Yudhia Denya Pratama , Fukuda Kengo , Toki Takahiro , Matsubuchi Hitoshi
Published: October 2022

We present a root-cause analysis of severe lost circulation and creation of its risk map in an offshore oil field, Abu Dhabi. Lost circulation of more than 100 barrel per hour (BPH) has occurred in sixteen (16) boreholes through the carbonate reservoir. Four (4) out of them experienced total loss. The authors investigated spatial distribution of lost circulation and allowable maximum overbalance based on review of drilling operation in nearly two hundred (200) boreholes. The critical overbalance to reactivate the natural fractures for the tensile-opening or shear-slip failures was analyzed by using geomechanical model. The present study clarified that most of severe lost circulations occurred at the specific sub-layers of the reservoir. The core observation showed that lost circulation occurred in the intervals in which fragmented rocks (rubbles) and fractures were distributed together. The fracture stability analysis revealed that the conductive fractures interpreted by borehole imager were geomechanically stable under conventional overbalance applied in drilling through the reservoir sections. Namely, the planer fractures were geomechanically stable under the current in-situ stress condition. The study concluded that the predominant root-cause of severe lost circulations in the carbonate reservoir was cave-related rocks (cave facies) and excessive overbalance applied to reservoir pressure. The cave facies were supposed to be formed by flank-margin cave system and its collapse due to deposition of overburden formations. A risk map of lost circulation defined the five areas with its potential risk. The risk map indicated not only the risk level of lost circulation but also practical recommendations on the depth to set casing and allowable maximum overbalance. It functions as a practical guide for the design of boreholes in the ongoing drilling campaign.
Assessment of Shape Memory Polymer Sand Control Performance and Integrity under Field Conditions via Geomechanical Simulation
Authors: Gandomkar Arjang , Guises Romain , Pedreira Jose
Published: October 2022

A porous shape memory polymer (SMP) product is currently deployed in oil and gas wells as a sand control system. This thermally and chemically activated polymer is emerging as a smart material due to its ability to recover to a predetermined shape following environmental manipulation, even after large wash out beyond gauge hole. The SMP is molded in a cylindrical geometry with desired inner and outer diameters for oil and gas production wells. This innovative technology has proven to be a reliable sand control media, a required step in combating sand production, protecting equipment and increasing the well lifetime [1, 2].

Material properties must be known in order to define the behavior of a SMP for evaluating its application in field application. The purpose of this paper is to establish a workflow in determining the material properties necessary to describe the behavior of SMP and study SMP integrity and performance under field conditions deployed in a wellbore during hydrocarbon production. For this purpose, a finite element model coupled with dynamic fluid lab data has been designed to estimate the material properties. Hyperelastic and viscoelastic constitutive models best describe the behavior of the SMP materials. The non-linear and non-elastic behaviors of the material makes the analytical solution approach inefficient, so a finite element modeling approach has been employed to overcome this difficulty. Several lab tests at different temperature conditions have been performed to expand the knowledge on material behavior. Results in this paper suggest the designed techniques and workflow are suitable in predicting material properties of SMP under any temperature conditions.

Finally, a separate finite element analysis is formulated for assessment of geomechanical loads and deformations on the SMP. A 2D fully coupled poro-elastic finite element model including geomechanical load, depletion, and drawdown effects is utilized to quantify load, strain, and permeability changes of the SMP system during production and depletion. Impact of geomechanical load during production that may reduce the permeability of the SMP and affect production was evaluated for an offshore wellbore.
Regional Assessment of the Upper Jurassic Hanifa and Tuwaiq Mountain Formations, Abu Dhabi: Implications for Prospectivity
Authors: Aitken John F. , Chitrao Amogh , Xie Anni , Fadipe Oluwaseun , Al Shamsi Jawaher , Vantala Aurifullah , Al Tameemi Kate
Published: October 2022

The Hanifa and Tuwaiq Mountain formations (Upper Jurassic Sila Group) are underexplored units in Abu Dhabi. Although there are several discoveries from the Hanifa Formation, both onshore and offshore, and encouraging indications in the Tuwaiq Mountain Formation, the conventional potential of these formations has not been fully realised. Uncertainties exist between onshore-offshore and west-east correlations, with conflicting stratigraphic terminologies, and the distribution of the Hanifa and Tuwaiq Mountain formations across Abu Dhabi, particularly details of facies distributions and transitions and their impact on the distribution of depositional environments through time.

To reduce uncertainties and unlock resources a fully integrated study of the lower Sila Group across Abu Dhabi Emirate has been undertaken. Approximately 150 wells were correlated and integrated with the interpretation of six regional seismic transects (3 W-E and 3 N-S). More detailed interpretation over areas with 3-D seismic coverage helped to improve stratigraphic understanding. Cored wells were used to refine sedimentological interpretationsand extrapolated into uncored wells.

Resolution of stratigraphic uncertainties mean that, for the first time, there are consistent lithostratigraphic and sequence stratigraphic schemes across Abu Dhabi Emirate that provide a reliable framework for basin modelling and play mapping. Furthermore, integration of all the sub-studies has led to the development of new depositional models and more detailed GDE maps. These are important inputs to basin modelling and the development of revised play maps that clearly highlight the prospective areas in Abu Dhabi. Focus on these prospective areas has led to the recognition of a significant number of structural leads and three new stratigraphic play concepts. These concepts include: a truncation trap geometry to the east,a possible collapse/mass movement trap on the slope, anda possible combined stratigraphic/structural trap where four-way dip closures overlap both the shoal and the slope, with the facies change to muddier slope deposits providing potential down-dip seal.
Integration of Seismic Attributes and Borehole Images for Exploring the Prospectivity of Late Jurassic and Early Cretaceous Carbonates in North Western Desert, Egypt
Authors: Osman Osama Abdelaziz , Hanafy Ahmed Gamal-eldeen , Nour Ahmed Mamdouh , Benyamin Mostafa Hussein , Mostafa Rabie Seddik , Eid Ramy Eid , Diab Hosni Diab , Redwan Mohamed Said
Published: October 2022

Seismic attributes play an important role in hydrocarbon exploration and production because they bring additional information about the lithological and petrophysical changes in the subsurface along the main seismic reflectors. Borehole images are commonly used to evaluate carbonates, particularly for qualitative and quantitative study of fractured and vuggy carbonate. The main goal of this study is to combine seismic attributes with borehole images to improve the confidence in mapping the fractured carbonate prospect.

The workflow started with an integrated formation evaluation that aims to identify possible promising zones based on wireline and mud logs. It then moved on to integrating borehole images with available core data and thin sections to analyze and interpret the reservoir lithofacies, as well as decoding possible diagenesis effects, with a focus on fracture identification and analysis. As a result, wells with the best reservoir quality were identified. Finally, structural mapping was completed using a combination of seismic features, including edge detection, coherence, and minimum curvature to find fracture areas.

The occurrence of fractured dolomite or vuggy dolomite was discovered in wells with prospective pays connected with oil and gas shows. It was also observed that borehole analysis for some wells shows that they have low porosity (3%). Seismic attribute maps around these wells, on the other hand, show a high fractured density, emphasizing that combining borehole images with seismic attributes is critical for evaluating these carbonates. Most of the fractures are oriented Northwest-Southeast and are linked to deformation zones. We also identified that several varieties of features and fractures collected from borehole images exhibit a strong link with discontinuities on the seismic amplitude, evident from the variance seismic cube, allowing us to pinpoint areas with high fractured density. Several carbonate prospects have been identified, with a high density of fractures expected.

Several carbonate prospects have been identified, with high fractures expected. Additional exploration for new carbonate reservoirs in the Western Desert will be enhanced by the workflow provided in this paper. This workflow also helped us in better-identifying carbonate prospects with high fractured density.
Optimizing Rig Scheduling Through AI
Authors: Thatcher Jimmy , Eldred Morgan , Suboyin Abhijith , Rehman Abdul , Maya David
Published: October 2022

Traditionally, a significant amount of time is invested in producing the most optimal drilling schedule to deliver the targets considering various constraints and changing priorities. This paper demonstrates how Artificial Intelligence (AI) can generate an optimal Rig Schedule while improving on conventional planning techniques. This includes adding additional value through increase in production, freeing up assets and reduction in fuel consumption, driving cost reductions further enabling supply-chain debottlenecking.

This paper presents a real-world application and solution of the general set of optimization problems such as the Knapsack Algorithm and Vehicle Routing Problems (VRP) for optimizing rig mobilization with added real-world complexities and constraints. A dynamic system allows more than just scheduling against demand/supply as it also self-calibrates the schedule through new real-time requests and real-time situation analysis based on location, availability, and other relevant constraints.

Based on in-house case studies conducted and compared with traditional approaches for rig scheduling and optimization, the presented solution can reportedly achieve a 99% reduction in time needed for generating key results. Compared to conventional drilling scheduling methodologies, there are no or minimal white spaces for the resource allocation strategies presented by the AI solution with a potential reduction in the asset utilization (with a reduction of 5%) along with being able to reduce total distance traveled and the fuel burned (carbon emissions) assuming standard mobilization patterns based on historical data, with a reduction ranging between 11-24% as a minimum depending on the scenarios selected.

This case study provides a novel approach to the scheduling of rigs that leverages artificial intelligence for complex fleet and schedule management that provides an opportunity to generate best plans to meet KPI's with significant reduction in assets required and fuel burned (energy efficiency) during mobilization; but also provides a higher level of input into operations and could in future provide real time input into operational activity plans minimizing overall costs and input to streamline supply chain from layers of conservatism.
Determination of Hydrocarbon Compounds in Rocks by Ultrasonic Extraction Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Bao Junchi , Jin Wei , Wang Yusheng , Jiang Ge , Yan Yan
Published: October 2022

The convenient, quick and accurate detection of hydrocarbon compounds in rocks and the establishment of the detection method of hydrocarbon compounds in rocks are of great significance for the study of hydrocarbon compounds in rocks. It can provide effective parameters for the study of oil-source source correlation, sedimentary environment Identification and source layer determination. In this paper, We use conventional extraction (cable extraction) and ultrasonic extraction to extract hydrocarbon compounds from rocks respectively, using Gas chromatography mass spectrometer to analysis the extracts. Then we choose some of the more commonly used in oil and gas geochemical parameters for comparison, by comparing these parameters to compare the advantages and disadvantages and the difference of two methods, so as to analyze the extraction efficiency of ultrasonic extraction method, and constantly optimize the experimental conditions by experiments. By statistics and comparison of the geochemical parameters obtained by the two extraction methods, it can be found that ultrasonic extraction method can not only meet the demand of routine analysis, but also can get some parameters which conventional extraction method can't get. Ultrasonic extraction method has the advantages of low sample quantity, fast processing speed and high analytical efficiency. the analysis results are more accurate. Therefore, ultrasonic extraction gas chromatography mass spectrometry can effectively replace conventional extraction methods to analyze and process rock samples, obtain more accurate geochemical parameters and make the results of oil-source correlation more reliable, which has better geological significance.
A Workflow to Analyze Vertical Formation Heterogeneity and Optimum Geological Grid Layering Using Petrophysical Logs
Authors: Gerges Nader , Makarychev Gennady , Maarouf Alaa , Barillas Luisa Ana , Madhavan Midhun , Gore Sonal , Kloucha Chakib Kada , Mustapha Hussein
Published: October 2022

Integrated, multidisciplinary field projects require the transfer of large datasets and results from one discipline to another. Typically, petrophysical workflows for geological modeling produce only rock-types, porosity, permeability, and water saturation model logs. Petrophysical logs are upscaled to the fine geological model grid during the 3D modeling workflow. The geological model aerial cell dimensions and layer size are determined using geostatistical methods to optimize the run time during the dynamic simulation phase.

In this study, we propose to enhance the number of outputs from the petrophysical workflow by providing recommendations on the optimal vertical layer size by stratigraphic interval for capturing all relevant heterogeneities associated with complex carbonate reservoirs.

We assume that the deflections of the petrophysical logs (such as porosity or permeability) are symmetrical across the geological layer. This is a reasonable assumption for vertical and subvertical wells since the layer size should be comparable to the vertical resolution of the logs. Therefore, the inflexion points of the input log correspond to the facies changes. After identifying the layers’ borders, we calculate the thickness of each layer and its corresponding input log value.

The developed application was successfully tested using data from more than 200 wells of a giant carbonate reservoir from the Middle East. The results demonstrate that the developed algorithm parameters are easily adaptable to a variety of both different input log types and various ranges of petrophysical properties. The created interface interactivity enables the user to readily assess and alter parameters to optimize the layering scheme while capturing the right level of heterogeneities. During the testing on a real dataset, the developed application revealed vital information on the formation's vertical heterogeneity and the significant difference between distinct stratigraphic intervals. The provided analysis of layer thicknesses can be used directly for the creation of static model layering scheme.
The Critical Roles of Geomechanical Modeling During Exploration Phase
Authors: Hamid Osman , Oluyemi Gbenga , Sanaee Reza
Published: October 2022

Geomechanics has become an essential part of the petroleum industry's daily routine due to the increase in operational challenges when dealing with deep, tight, unconventional, and subsalt reservoirs, in addition to depleted zones and multilateral drilling in the direction of minimum stress. This research aims to provide innovative integrated geomechanical solutions during the exploration phase and investigate the relationship between in-situ stress, fractures, faults distributions, and fluid flow to correlate fracture variations to lithology changes.

This integrated approach will incorporate all available field data, including seismic velocities, petrophysical well logs, geological, and structural models that will be used to construct 3D geomechanical static models to assess and characterize the reservoir properties, such as reservoir quality index (RQI), sweet spot, reservoir compartmentalizations, pore pressure, in-situ stress regime, and presence of faults and fractures. The fracture properties and dynamic simulation will be conducted by studying the fracture properties from the core sample, image log interpretation, and fluid flow using Finite Element models

The results from this study will be used as a guideline during the field exploration phase to set the field development strategies and answer the question such as: How stress field variations will impact petroleum systems, fault seal integrity assessment, reservoir mapping, and heterogeneity, in-situ stress vertical and lateral variations and their impact on well placement and well spacing, and what types of geomechanical modeling that can be used to accurately drill a save and cost-effective wellbore to meet completion and stimulation requirements that maximize hydrocarbon production.

The studies showed that implementing this workflow has a huge business impact on reservoir developments by saving millions of dollars and minimized nonproductive time during planning and field development.

This workflow is special in a way that it will be calibrated and updated when acquiring new data at the exploration stage and througout the well life to yield better results.
Artificial Engineering Intelligence (AeI) - Connected Microservices for Drilling Optimization and Real Time Well Engineering
Authors: Samuel Robello
Published: October 2022

As we develop autonomous drilling system the setpoint operational and control, parameters for drilling are to be determined. The decision-making control loop performance should be faster. As the system with high aspect ratio i.e., length over diameter is highly stochastic, calculating the parameters for the optimal condition is very difficult. The paper presents methodology to obtain the envelop of sufficed, satisfied, and optimized engineering conditions resulting in "optosatisficed" condition aka "artificial engineering intelligence" which is good enough or an acceptable solution or a reasonable solution under the given condition.

The paper presents an adaptive model which connects different engineering models in the form of microservices for constraints rather than a complete theoretical optimal closed form solution-based model. The approach to be taken under this condition is to include the stability of the bit, drillstring and wellbore, which will result in the near optimum envelop (desired) for the drilling parameters. Important analyses are coupled - vibration-stability analysis and bit-wear performance analysis. The optimum rate of penetration limiting values are calculated as the well is drilled with specified interval by considering the bit wear and the vibration. At each drilled interval, it is assumed that the bit wears out continuously and the amount of wear depends on the uncontrolled and uncertain parameters such as formation, anisotropy, dip etc. Also, all the calculations such as hole cleaning mechanical specific energy are calculated continuously.

The analysis results have shown that the convergence was very quick in obtaining optimal solution and the predictability in the test wells have shown best solution results under uncertainty. Also, it has been found that the results provide reasonable threshold values when more and more data are used as the well is drilled. The stability envelop is shown in the figure with multiple connected engineering microservices. As long as the driller stays within the operational region, the results have shown that the operating parameters are satisfying and good enough solution for the desirable outcome. In other words, near normal engineering solution is achieved. Updating of the stability plot at every discrete drilled interval provides the pattern of the envelop for further decision-making set points for the controller in the case of an autonomous system.

This paper provides a new framework for faster decision strategy. Injecting life to the well design software itself will provide amazing power. When a well is designed or monitored or drilled, well plan can be made interactive so that user can optimize and take proper decision to drill ahead or automate the operation.
Quantitative Prediction of Lost Circulation Risk Ahead of Bit Using Leaky Noisy-Or Gate Bayesian Networks and Seismic Attributes
Authors: Yuan Duo , Lu Baoping , Haider Syed Tabish
Published: October 2022

Quantitative prediction of lost circulation risk ahead of bit is of great significance for mud loss prevention and well control. This paper provides a method that is able to not only locate the potential mud loss points along well trajectory to drill, but also estimate their severity and occurrence probability using leaky Noisy-OR gate Bayesian network and seismic-well data mining. All the risk factors of lost circulation are identified and then they are mapped into a Leaky Noisy-OR Gate Bayesian network to generate a conditional probability distribution table, so as to assess the lost circulation risk quantitatively ahead of bit. This method has been tested and applied successfully and these predicted results provide decision basis for preventing and dealing with the problems of lost circulation.
Practical Guide to Successful Wireline Formation Pressure Testing Across Highly Deviated and Depleted Sections
Authors: Franco Nata , Corona Mauricio , AlMahroos Mohamed , Kestring Thiago , Oliveira Adriano
Published: October 2022

Reaching bottom with logging tools is difficult when the well is highly deviated and has significant pressure overbalance. This often leads to mechanical and differential sticking risk on cable operations and the desired depth not being reached. The normal practice is to deploy formation testers on drill pipe (pipe conveyed logging – PCL). This paper aims to provide guidance to operators for performing safe and efficient wireline formation pressure testing jobs in challenging conditions, saving considerable rig time.

It is critical to understand the factors which cause tool obstruction and cable sticking. This helps to optimize the conditions needed for successful wireline operations and prevents high-impact events, such as tools getting stuck, fishing operations, wiper trips, cancelled logging and PCL jobs. The main contributing factors were analyzed and divided into different categories: well design and trajectory, borehole conditions and geomechanics considerations, drilling fluid properties and wireline equipment selection. A tailored operational workflow with detailed risk assessment with prevention and mitigation measures were combined into a practical guide and then it was implemented to perform a series of jobs.

Following the new systematic approach, wireline logging jobs could be safely conducted in several wells across 8-3/8" and 5-7/8" sections in a challenging drilling environment. The maximum inclination was 60° and maximum overbalance of 3,920 psi. The vast majority of planned pressure points were collected and there weren't held ups or overpulls observed during the operations. For the tester tool to reach the bottom, it was essential to have a proper well design and trajectory construction, good borehole quality with minimum disturbance and exposure, right mud weight selection together with fit-for-purpose drilling fluid and bridging plan.

All best practices and lessons learnt, were put together to a guide and made available to the project team for future operations. This technique was adopted as the new standard for logging through carbonates formations in deviated sections in the field, with high depletion. As operational costs are a concern in long deviated logging, optimization done using alternative methods offer benefits in terms of rig time and efficiency. If the main risks aren't assessed properly, then it incurs significant costs and inefficiencies.

This innovative multidisciplinary approach integrates different domains to perform wireline formation testing operations in a cost effective and time efficient manner when compared to running logs on drill pipe. This method will serve as a reference for operators and service providers to achieve step changes in similar operations. The key elements of this initiative will be described in detail in the paper.
AI-Assisted Thin Section Analysis, The Making of a Geologically-Realistic Digital Interpretation
Authors: Leseur Nicolas , Franco Alba , Xin Li , Yang Fan , Lokhanova Olga , Belouahchia Mounir , Belmeskin Rashid , Habibi Zaynab , Shebl Hesham , Tamimi Mohamed
Published: October 2022

The visual interpretation of geological thin section is a meticulous endeavor carried out by geoscientific specialists in order to ground truth log interpretation as well as guide the spatial distribution of properties required by reservoir simulation models. At the same time, the shortage of qualified personnel, the abundance of dormant core data and the requirements for increased reservoir model accuracy have created operational needs that human interpreters alone can hardly fulfill.

In this context, a method for AI-assisted thin section interpretation was developed, leveraging the latest advances in the field of deep learning to provide geologists with a comprehensive set of reservoir properties derived from rock images. While a significant part of the solution relies on the training of supervised convolutional neural networks, establishing consistent labeling procedure, enforcing geological rules, removing input and output image artifacts and close communication with subject matter experts were equally critical ingredients to a geologically-realistic prediction as well as supplementing a scarce amount of input training data.

The main outcome of this multi-step domain-knowledge and data science work not only led to an increase in the mean intersection-of-union metric but also to the assurance that fundamental geological principles were honored. In practice, the algorithm ensured that petrographic object detection was constrained by biostatistical population criteria as well as prohibit the occurrence of non-natural combination of nested framework grain.

The aforementioned enhancements were subsequentially implemented and deployed at company scale for ADNOC's specialists to carry out their geological interpretation through conventional web-browser applications.
Improving Petroleum Real Options Calculation by the Application of Quantum Artificial Intelligence.
Authors: Setyabudi Heru , Kartowisastro Iman Herwidiana , Trisetyarso Agung , Abdurachman Edi
Published: October 2022

Regarding the issue of carbon gas and reducing fossil energy to environmentally friendly energy, an investor certainly needs an accurate calculation model with a fast calculation time for the adjacent investment portfolio. The smart energy concept integrates information and communication to improve overall efficiency. One of the fossil energies that is still the mainstay of energy today is crude oil. However, it has price constraints that have high volatility and there will be changes in business patterns in the oil and gas industry sector. Capital planning has been a struggle for Oil and Gas companies. Computing speed has increased dramatically, but there are still problems making reasonable computation times. The problem is in the field simulation in determining how much detail can be modeled to make it accurate but maintain fast calculation times. This is a popular topic in the Oil and Gas industry these days. Real Options Quantum Computing (ROQC) tries to find trends and information not seen by traditional methods, either the Discounted Cash Flow model (DCF) and the Real Option Valuation model, of course, representing new methods of work and analysis in the future. ROQC attempts to measure the risk associated with the financial success of a project as it relates to the accuracy of the proposed capital budget and costs as well as the speed which is processed near-realtime.
Cassava Nitrate Transporter NPF5.4 promotes both yield potential and salt tolerance in rice
Authors: Ji Li , Song Linhu , Zou Liangping , Li Shi , Zhang Runcong , Yang Jingyu , Wang Changyu , Zhang Yan , Wang Xingmei , Yun Liu , Qu Xiao , Ji Xiang , Zheng Lanjie , Ruan Mengbin , Zheng Xu
Published: November 2022

Nitrogen is a major driving force for the improvement of crop yield worldwide, but brings detrimental effects on ecosystems, thus future agricultural sustainability demands enhanced nitrogen use efficiency (NUE). The nitrate transporter (NRT/NPF) family associated with nitrogen uptake and utilization is indispensable to the improvement of NUE in crops. Because cassava (Manihot esculenta) has high-affinity to absorb nitrate, the NUE of the NPF genes in cassava might be higher than other crops. Here we identified and systematically analyzed the NPF gene family in cassava, including phylogenetic relationship, chromosome location, gene duplication, and gene expression in response to different nitrogen supply. Gene expression analysis revealed that MeNPF5.4 and MeNPF6.2 were specifically expressed in stem, and have diverse expression in different nitrogen conditions. To well study the roles of these two genes, we constructed their overexpression (OE) lines in rice. A NO3− flux assay showed that MeNPF5.4 OE lines exhibited a significant NO3− influx, which suggests that they might have contributed to NUE improvement of rice. Notably, overexpressing MeNPF5.4 not only results in increased grain size and weight but also enhanced tolerance to salt. Compared with MeNPF5.4, MeNPF6.2 OE lines showed higher salt stress tolerance but had smaller grain size. Taken together, our results demonstrated that MeNPF5.4 can potentially improve the NUE and salt stress tolerance of rice, which reveals valuable breeding targets to improve crop yield and stress tolerance.
К ВОПРОСУ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ ПРЕДСТАВЛЕНИЙ О СОВЕТСКИХ ВРАЧАХ В СРЕДЕ МЕДИКОВ КИТАЯ НА ПРИМЕРЕ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ В.Г. ВОГРАЛИКА В ПЕКИНЕ (1954‑1956)
Authors: О.С. Нагорных
Published: November 2022

Публикуются документы о деятельности профессора Горьковского медицинского института им. С.М. Кирова (ГМИ) В.Г. Вогралика, хранящиеся в фондах Центрального архива Нижегородской области и Учебно-исторического центра Приволжского исследовательского медицинского университета, посредством которых реконструируются способы сотрудничества КНР и СССР в области медицины и выявляются особенности реакции китайских медиков на помощь советских врачей.
Identification of Preferable Ecotourism Destinations in Purulia District, West Bengal (India): AHP and GIS Approach
Authors: Dolui Sanu , Chakraborty Sayani
Published: October 2022

Ecotourism has gained popularity among travelers in recent years due to the detrimental effects of conventional tourism. Purulia district in West Bengal (India), with its diversified picturesque landscape such as lush green forest, mesmerizing riverscape, lakes, waterfall, hills and uniqueness in the local community’s culture gives ample potentiality of ecotourism development. The aim of this paper to explore potentiality of ecotourism in Purulia district, West Bengal, India using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Geographical Information System (GIS). Initially, ecotourism inventory dataset was developed based on following criteria: Elevation, slope, proximity to river, distance from road, distance from settlements, distance from ecological sites, distance from railway, distance from tourism sites using ARC-GIS 10.6.1 software. Later, the suitability map of ecotourism development has been developed by applying Weighted Linear Combination (WLC) with combination of the criteria with their respective weights and categorized into five suitability classes as highly suitable (S1), moderately suitable (S2), suitable (S3), less suitable (S4) and unsuitable (S5). Finally, after the identification of suitable zones, six alternatives ecotourism destinations are identified. This proposed method may be helpful for the local stakeholders and public administration in identifying potential ecotourism destination and planning for sustainable ecotourism development.
Исследование адаптационного потенциала в разных возрастных группах студентов в период пандемии
Authors: Куликова Татьяна И. , Филиппова Светлана А.
Published: October 2022

Введение. Авторами доказывается актуальность изучения адаптационного потенциала студентов в период пандемии, выявления его параметров, как основы психического здоровья и психологического благополучия. Описана структура, ключевые критерии адаптационного потенциала в их связи с жизнестойкостью. Новизна исследования заключается в изучении связи психологической гибкости, как предиката адаптивности, с другими проявлениями адаптационных механизмов; изучении динамики показателей адаптивности на разных этапах юности. Методы. Приняли участие студенты в возрасте от 18 до 24 лет (Mean ± SD = 20,7 ± 1,8) в количестве 67 человек. Диагностический материал: тест жизнестойкости С. Мадди; схемный опросник Янга «YSQ-S3R»; опросник «Способы совладающего поведения» (WSQ) Лазаруса; клинический опросник для выявления и оценки невротических состояний (К. К. Яхин, Д. М. Менделевич). Статистическая обработка данных проводилась в программе SPSS Statistics 27 (IBM). Методы математической статистики: коэффициент корреляции Пирсона; параметрический t-критерий Стьюдента и U-критерий Манна – Уитни для независимых выборок. Результаты и их обсуждение. Корреляционный анализ выявил наличие сильных обратных корреляций жизнестойкости с дезадаптивными схемами «уязвимость» и «недоверие», «покорность», «неуспешность», «жесткие стандарты», «зависимость/беспомощность» и «дефективность», невротическими состояниями, копинг-стратегиями. В результате были определены две противоположные адаптационные тенденции к условиям пандемии в разных возрастных группах. Шкалы РДС и копинг-стратегии имеют многочисленные положительные связи, за исключением стратегии «планирование решения», которая имеет отрицательные связи с некоторыми обнаруженными в выборке схемами. Авторы рассматривают РДС как проявление психологической ригидности, снижающее адаптивный потенциал; отсутствие выраженных дезадаптивных схем повышает адаптационный потенциал. В заключение делается вывод о наличии положительной возрастной динамики в развитии адаптивных возможностей личности: с возрастом повышаются показатели жизнестойкости, снижаются проявления РДС.
Обусловленные стрессом особенности актуализации субъективного опыта в процессе сокрытия информации
Authors: Учаев Андрей В. , Александров Юрий И.
Published: October 2022

Введение. Существует большое количество теоретических моделей, объясняющих различия в изменениях физиологических показателей при реализации поведения декларирования лжи и правды в ситуации тестирования на полиграфе и имеющих, однако, невысокую объяснительную силу. С наших позиций продуцирование лжи может быть рассмотрено как специальное целенаправленное поведение, обеспечиваемое реализацией соответствующих функциональных систем – элементов субъективного опыта. Обследование на полиграфе является стрессогенным событием, ввиду наличия у испытуемых выраженной мотивации пройти тестирование. Нас интересовало, каковы характеристики процесса актуализации субъективного опыта при достижении результата поведения сокрытия информации в указанных условиях. Методы. Использовалась адаптация блокового теста В. В. Коровина в виде теста по методике выявления скрываемой информации. Производилась регистрация сердечного ритма с последующим вычислением как энтропии для анализа сложности ритма в качестве показателя системного обеспечения поведения, так и спектральных показателей ритма для оценки выраженности стресса. Испытуемому давалась инструкция скрыть информацию, приобретенную на разных этапах онтогенеза. Результаты. Исследование проводилось с участием 40 испытуемых, проходящих проверку на полиграфе при трудоустройстве. Была проанализирована энтропия сердечного ритма обследуемых в ходе продуцирования ими честных и ложных ответов в условиях стресса. В ситуации реализации поведения сокрытия информации энтропия меняется разнонаправленно, но данной зависимости не было выявлено для нового опыта, по-видимому, из-за процесса врé‎менной системной дедифференциации, т. е. деактуализации сравнительно новых систем. Обсуждение результатов. Была предложена модель тестирований на полиграфе, основанная на системно-эволюционном подходе. В процессе прохождения проверки, по-видимому, происходит формирование не универсальных функциональных систем «лжи», а в зависимости от того компонента опыта, к которому эти сведения принадлежат. Кроме того, затруднено существенное совершенствование поведения сокрытия информации испытуемыми, ввиду невозможности оперативно корректировать свое поведение, опираясь на обратную связь.
Психосемантическая типология позиционных стратегий студентов в структурно-динамическом пространстве образовательной ситуации
Authors: Краснорядцева Ольга М. , Кабрин Валерий И. , Щеглова Элеонора А. , Иванова Анастасия И.
Published: October 2022

Введение. Представлено обоснование предлагаемой структурно-динамической модели позиционных стратегий в информационно-образовательной среде университета. Обозначены теоретически возможные варианты психосемантического описания типологических комбинаций комплексных позиционных стратегий. Новизна исследования состоит в разработке и апробации исследовательской модели психосемантической типологии позиционных стратегий в процессе выполнения студентами учебных заданий рефлексивного характера. Методы. Использован контент-анализ текстов учебных заданий рефлексивного характера, выполненных студентами, вынужденно (в связи с пандемией) обучавшихся в 2020–2021 г. в дистанционном формате. Разработанная процедура категоризации психосемантических уровней когнитивного развития, позволила осуществить фиксацию и идентификацию в двухмерном пространстве 16-ти позиционных стратегий путем совмещения их динамических и структурных составляющих. Результаты. Представлены результаты проведенного контент-анализа по определению доминирующих позиционных стратегий студентов в структурно-динамическом пространстве конкретной образовательной ситуации. Зафиксирована наибольшая выраженность доминирующих позиционных стратегий, относящихся к динамическому уровню эмоций и структурному уровню конструктов. В качестве наименее выраженных обозначились стратегии структурно символического уровня и динамического имагинационного уровня. Обсуждение результатов. Обсуждаются некоторые противоречивые тенденции, выявленные при анализе рассматриваемых позиционных стратегий – с одной стороны, наличие определенной личностной зрелости респондентов, а с другой – проявление недостаточной включенности более глубинные структуры мира и выраженная инерционность «образовательного багажа» студентов. Подчеркивается актуальность признания разнообразия индивидуальных образовательных стратегий и необходимости гармонизации психосемантической организации образовательного процесса.
Эффект переноса при селективном воспроизведении имплицитной последовательности
Authors: Крюкова Алена П. , Агафонов Андрей Ю. , Бурмистров Сергей Н.
Published: October 2022

Введение. В статье представлено исследование, посвященное проблеме использования имплицитного знания. Выполнен обзорный анализ литературы, отражающей экспериментальные данные о двух видах имплицитного научения: 1) обучение системе правил (исследуется с помощью метода «усвоение искусственной грамматики»); 2) усвоение закономерности в чередовании стимулов (исследуется с помощью метода «выучивание последовательностей»). Анализ показал, что отсутствуют результаты задач, в которых требуется частичное воспроизведение имплицитно запомненной последовательности. Для изучения этого вопроса применили эффект переноса, поскольку он позволяет моделировать различные условия применения имплицитного знания и снижает эксплицитный контроль. Цель исследования состояла в том, чтобы обнаружить эффект переноса при селективном воспроизведении последовательности. Методы. Исследование выполнено в экспериментальной парадигме «выучивание последовательностей». На первом этапе в экспериментальной группе была предъявлена перцептивная последовательность. На втором этапе стимулы были организованы в горизонтальный ряд. Для реализации цели исследования впервые применили селективное воспроизведение: несколько стимулов пространственной последовательности второго этапа соответствовали структуре перцептивной последовательности. В контрольных группах стимулы предъявлялись в случайном порядке. Выборка состояла из 45 человек. Результаты и их обсуждение. У испытуемых экспериментальной группы было обнаружено статистически значимое уменьшение времени реакции на те стимулы пространственной последовательности, которые соответствовали структуре перцептивной последовательности. Заключение. Эффект переноса осуществляется при селективном воспроизведении как имплицитно усвоенной системы правил, так и закономерности в чередующихся друг за другом стимулах. Полученные данные способствуют укреплению положения о том, что имплицитно запоминаются не только фрагменты, но и общая абстрактная структура последовательности.
Метапознание и эмоциональный интеллект студентов естественных направлений в период пандемии и до нее
Authors: Перикова Екатерина И. , Бызова Валентина М.
Published: October 2022

Введение. Представлены результаты эмпирического исследования, направленного на сравнение показателей метакогнитивных компонентов и эмоционального интеллекта (ЭИ) молодежи с использованием срезовых опросов до и в период пандемии COVID-19. Новизна исследования заключается в возможности описания устойчивых эффектов пандемии на студентах естественнонаучных направлений подготовки. Методы. Выборку составил 551 студент второго курса Санкт-Петербургского государственного университета: 260 респондентов приняли участие в 2018–2019 гг., 98 респондентов – в мае 2020 г., 114 респондентов – в январе 2021 г., 79 респондентов в мае 2021 г. Участники каждого этапа заполняли опросник эмоционального интеллекта Д. В. Люсина, сокращенную версию опросника «Метакогнитивная включенность в деятельность», адаптированную Е. И. Периковой, В. М. Бызовой, «Дифференциальный тест рефлексивности» Д. А. Леонтьева и Е. Н. Осина, «Опросник самоорганизации деятельности» Е. Ю. Мандриковой. Результаты. Обнаружено устойчивое увеличение выраженности общего показателя метакогнитивной включенности и метакогнитивного регулирования, а также снижение межличностного ЭИ у студентов в период пандемии COVID-19, в сравнении с показателями выборки до 2020 г. Показатели целеустремленности и внутриличностного ЭИ обнаружили значимое увеличение у студентов в период пандемии, в сравнении с уровнем до нее, но значимость различий подтвердилась только для части выборок, собранных после 2020 г. Для групп студентов, до и в процессе пандемии, различались когнитивные компоненты, детерминирующие межличностный ЭИ: системная рефлексия и целеустремленность для группы студентов до 2020 г. (коэффициент детерминации модели 13 %), и системная рефлексия, метакогнитивные знания, настойчивость после 2020 г. (20 %). Обсуждение результатов. Комплексные изменения в обществе и системе высшего образования, в частности, произошедшие в период пандемии COVID-19, могли привести к улучшению метакогнитивного регулирования и ухудшению межличностного ЭИ у студентов естественнонаучных направлений.
On Orthogonal Polynomials and Finite Moment Problem
Authors: Hjouj Fawaz , Jouini Mohamed Soufiane
Published: November 2022

Background:

This paper is an improvement of a previous work on the problem recovering a function or probability density function from a finite number of its geometric moments, [1]. The previous worked solved the problem with the help of the B-Spline theory which is a great approach as long as the resulting linear system is not very large. In this work, two solution algorithms based on the approximate representation of the target probability distribution function via an orthogonal expansion are provided. One primary application of this theory is the reconstruction of the Particle Size Distribution (PSD), occurring in chemical engineering applications. Another application of this theory is the reconstruction of the Radon transform of an image at an unknown angle using the moments of the transform at known angles which leads to the reconstruction of the image form limited data.

Objective:

The aim is to recover a probability density function from a finite number of its geometric moments.

Methods:

The tool is the orthogonal expansion approach. The Shifted-Legendre Polynomials and the Chebyshev Polynomials as bases for the orthogonal expansion are used in this study.

Results:

A high degree of accuracy has been obtained in recovering a function without facing a possible ill-conditioned linear system, which is the case with many typical approaches of solving the problem. In fact, for a normalized template function f on the interval [0, 1], and a reconstructed function ; the reconstruction accuracy is measured in two domains. One is the moment domain, in which the error (difference between the moments of f and the moments of ) is zero. The other measure is the standard difference in the norm -space ||f- || which can be ≈ 10-6 or less.

Conclusion:

This paper discusses the problem of recovering a function from a finite number of its geometric moments for the PSD application. Linear transformations were used, as needed, so that the function is supported on the unit interval [0, 1], or on [0, α] for some choice of α. This transformation forces the sequence of moments to vanish. Then, an orthogonal expansion of the Scaled Shifted Legendre Polynomials, as well as the Chebyshev Polynomials, are developed. The result shows good accuracy in recovering different types of synthetic functions. It is believed that up to fifteen moments, this approach is safe and reliable.