bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimization of cardiopulmonary bypass prime fluid to preserve microcirculatory perfusion during on-pump coronary artery bypass graft surgery: PRIME study protocol for a double-blind randomized trial
Authors: Beukers Anne M. , Bulte Carolien S. E. , Bosch Ruben J. , Eberl Susanne , van den Brom Charissa E. , Loer Stephan A. , Vonk Alexander B. A.
Published: March 2024

Background

Acute microcirculatory perfusion disturbances and organ edema are important factors leading to organ dysfunction during cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Priming of the CPB system with crystalloid or colloid fluids, which inevitably leads to hemodilution, could contribute to this effect. However, there is yet no optimal evidence-based strategy for this type of priming. Hence, we will investigate different priming strategies to reduce hemodilution and preserve microcirculatory perfusion.

Methods

The PRIME study is a single-center double-blind randomized trial. Patients undergoing elective coronary artery bypass graft surgery with CPB will be randomized into three groups of prime fluid strategy: (1) gelofusine with crystalloid, (2) albumin with crystalloid, or (3) crystalloid and retrograde autologous priming. We aim to include 30 patients, 10 patients in each arm. The primary outcome is the change in microcirculatory perfusion. Secondary outcomes include colloid oncotic pressure; albumin; hematocrit; electrolytes; fluid balance and requirements; transfusion rates; and endothelial-, glycocalyx-, inflammatory- and renal injury markers. Sublingual microcirculatory perfusion will be measured using non-invasive sidestream dark field video microscopy. Microcirculatory and blood measurements will be performed at five consecutive time points during surgery up to 24 h after admission to the intensive care unit.

Discussion

PRIME is the first study to assess the effect of different prime fluid strategies on microcirculatory perfusion in cardiac surgery with CPB. If the results suggest that a specific crystalloid or colloid prime fluid strategy better preserves microcirculatory perfusion during on-pump cardiac surgery, the current study may help to find the optimal pump priming in cardiac surgery.

Trial registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05647057. Registered on 04/25/2023. ClinicalTrials.gov PRS: Record Summary NCT05647057, all items can be found in the protocol.
Novel synthesis of new triazine sulfonamides with antitumor, anti-microbial and anti-SARS-CoV-2 activities
Authors: Mohamed-Ezzat Reham A. , Elgemeie Galal H.
Published: March 2024

Novel approach for synthesizing triazine sulfonamide derivatives is accomplished via reacting the sulfaguanidine derivatives with N-cyanodithioiminocarbonate. Further reaction of the novel triazine sulfonamide analogues with various secondary amines and anilines generated various substituted triazine sulfonamide analogues of promising broad-spectrum activities including anti-microbial, anti-tumor, and anti-viral properties. The in vitro anti-proliferative activities of most of the novel compounds were evaluated on the NCI-60 cell line panel. The antifungal and antibacterial activities of the compounds were also estimated. The anti-viral activity against SARS CoV-2 virus was performed using MTT cytotoxicity assay to evaluate the half-maximal cytotoxic concentration (CC50) and inhibitory concentration 50 (IC50) of a representative compound from the novel triazine sulfonamide category. Compound 3a demonstrated potent antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 with IC50 = 2.378 µM as compared to the activity of the antiviral drug remdesivir (IC50 = 10.11 µM). Our results indicate that, upon optimization, these new triazine sulfonamides could potentially serve as novel antiviral drugs.
Landscape level associations between birds, mosquitoes and microclimates: possible consequences for disease transmission?
Authors: Krol Louie , Remmerswaal Laure , Groen Marvin , van der Beek Jordy G. , Sikkema Reina S. , Dellar Martha , van Bodegom Peter M. , Geerling Gertjan W. , Schrama Maarten
Published: March 2024

Background

Mosquito-borne diseases are on the rise. While climatic factors have been linked to disease occurrences, they do not explain the non-random spatial distribution in disease outbreaks. Landscape-related factors, such as vegetation structure, likely play a crucial but hitherto unquantified role.

Methods

We explored how three critically important factors that are associated with mosquito-borne disease outbreaks: microclimate, mosquito abundance and bird communities, vary at the landscape scale. We compared the co-occurrence of these three factors in two contrasting habitat types (forest versus grassland) across five rural locations in the central part of the Netherlands between June and September 2021.

Results

Our results show that forest patches provide a more sheltered microclimate, and a higher overall abundance of birds. When accounting for differences in landscape characteristics, we also observed that the number of mosquitoes was higher in isolated forest patches.

Conclusions

Our findings indicate that, at the landscape scale, variation in tree cover coincides with suitable microclimate and high Culex pipiens and bird abundance. Overall, these factors can help understand the non-random spatial distribution of mosquito-borne disease outbreaks.

Graphical Abstract
Automatic segmentation of fat metaplasia on sacroiliac joint MRI using deep learning
Authors: Li Xin , Lin Yi , Xie Zhuoyao , Lu Zixiao , Song Liwen , Ye Qiang , Wang Menghong , Fang Xiao , He Yi , Chen Hao , Zhao Yinghua
Published: March 2024

Objective

To develop a deep learning (DL) model for segmenting fat metaplasia (FM) on sacroiliac joint (SIJ) MRI and further develop a DL model for classifying axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) and non-axSpA.

Materials and methods

This study retrospectively collected 706 patients with FM who underwent SIJ MRI from center 1 (462 axSpA and 186 non-axSpA) and center 2 (37 axSpA and 21 non-axSpA). Patients from center 1 were divided into the training, validation, and internal test sets (n = 455, 64, and 129). Patients from center 2 were used as the external test set. We developed a UNet-based model to segment FM. Based on segmentation results, a classification model was built to distinguish axSpA and non-axSpA. Dice Similarity Coefficients (DSC) and area under the curve (AUC) were used for model evaluation. Radiologists’ performance without and with model assistance was compared to assess the clinical utility of the models.

Results

Our segmentation model achieved satisfactory DSC of 81.86% ± 1.55% and 85.44% ± 6.09% on the internal cross-validation and external test sets. The classification model yielded AUCs of 0.876 (95% CI: 0.811–0.942) and 0.799 (95% CI: 0.696–0.902) on the internal and external test sets, respectively. With model assistance, segmentation performance was improved for the radiological resident (DSC, 75.70% vs. 82.87%, p < 0.05) and expert radiologist (DSC, 85.03% vs. 85.74%, p > 0.05).

Conclusions

DL is a novel method for automatic and accurate segmentation of FM on SIJ MRI and can effectively increase radiologist’s performance, which might assist in improving diagnosis and progression of axSpA.

Critical relevance statement

DL models allowed automatic and accurate segmentation of FM on sacroiliac joint MRI, which might facilitate quantitative analysis of FM and have the potential to improve diagnosis and prognosis of axSpA.

Key points

• Deep learning was used for automatic segmentation of fat metaplasia on MRI.

• UNet-based models achieved automatic and accurate segmentation of fat metaplasia.

• Automatic segmentation facilitates quantitative analysis of fat metaplasia to improve diagnosis and prognosis of axial spondyloarthritis.

Graphical Abstract
Right ventricular injury in patients with COVID-19-related ARDS eligible for ECMO support: a multicenter retrospective study
Authors: Petit Matthieu , Bouaoud Misylias , Jullien Edouard , Joseph Adrien , Evrard Bruno , Charron Cyril , Daulasim Anousone , Legras Annick , Gourraud Maeva , Goudelin Marine , Vignon Philippe , Vieillard-Baron Antoine
Published: March 2024

Background

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is associated with high mortality. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has been proposed in this setting, but optimal criteria to select target patients remain unknown. Our hypothesis is that evaluation of right ventricular (RV) function could be helpful. The aims of our study were to report the incidence and outcomes of patients eligible for ECMO according to EOLIA criteria, and to identify a subgroup of patients with RV injury, which could be a target for ECMO.

Methods

Retrospective observational study involving 3 French intensive care units (ICUs) of teaching hospitals. Patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection between March 2020 and March 2021, presenting ARDS and with available echocardiography, were included. Patients were classified in three groups according to whether or not they met the EOLIA criteria and the presence of RV injury (RVI) (“EOLIA −”, “EOLIA + RVI −” and “EOLIA + RVI + ”). RVI was defined by the association of RV to left ventricular end-diastolic area ratio > 0.8 and paradoxical septal motion. Kaplan–Meier survival curves were used to analyze outcome as well as a Cox model for 90 day mortality.

Results

915 patients were hospitalized for COVID-19, 418 of them with ARDS. A total of 283 patients with available echocardiography were included. Eighteen (6.3%) patients received ECMO. After exclusion of these patients, 107 (40.5%) were classified as EOLIA −, 126 (47.5%) as EOLIA + RVI −, and 32 (12%) as EOLIA + RVI + . Ninety-day mortality was 21% in the EOLIA-group, 44% in the EOLIA + RVI-group, and 66% in the EOLIA + RVI + group (p < 0.001). After adjustment, RVI was statistically associated with 90-day mortality (HR = 1.92 [1.10–3.37]).

Conclusions

Among COVID-19-associated ARDS patients who met the EOLIA criteria, those with significant RV pressure overload had a particularly poor outcome. This subgroup may be a more specific target for ECMO. This represented 12% of our cohort compared to 60% of patients who met the EOLIA criteria only. How the identification of this high-risk subset of patients translates into patient-centered outcomes remains to be evaluated.
Rural and urban clinician views on COVID-19’s impact on substance use treatment for individuals on community supervision in Kentucky
Authors: Oser Carrie B. , Rockett Maria , Otero Sebastian , Batty Evan , Booty Marisa , Gressick Rachel , Staton Michele , Knudsen Hannah K.
Published: March 2024

Background

The COVID-19 pandemic produced system-level changes within the criminal legal system and community-based substance use disorder (SUD) treatment system with impacts on recovery efforts. This study examines rural and urban clinicians’ perspectives of COVID-19 on SUD treatment delivery for people on community supervision.

Methods

Virtual qualitative interviews were conducted between April and October 2020 with 25 community supervision clinicians employed by Kentucky’s Department of Corrections (DOC), who conduct assessments and facilitate community-based treatment linkages for individuals on probation or parole. Transcripts were analyzed in NVivo using directed content analysis methods.

Results

Clinicians were predominantly white (92%) and female (88%) with an average of over 9 years working in the SUD treatment field and 4.6 years in their current job. Four COVID-19 themes were identified by both rural and urban clinicians including: (1) telehealth increases the modes of communication, but (2) also creates paperwork and technological challenges, (3) telehealth requires more effort for inter/intra-agency collaboration, and (4) it limits client information (e.g., no urine drug screens). Two additional rural-specific themes emerged related to COVID-19: (5) increasing telehealth options removes SUD treatment transportation barriers and (6) requires flexibility with programmatic requirements for rural clients.

Conclusions

Findings indicate the need for community-based SUD treatment providers approved or contracted by DOC to support and train clients to access technology and improve information-sharing with community supervision officers. A positive lesson learned from COVID-19 transitions was a reduction in costly travel for rural clients, allowing for greater engagement and treatment adherence. Telehealth should continue to be included within the SUD continuum of care, especially to promote equitable services for individuals from rural areas.
Evaluation of Chinese traditional military settlements’ defensive capabilities via principal component analysis (PCA): a case study of coastal Wei forts in the Ming dynasty
Authors: Zhou Jiayin , Jiang Yilin , Liu Jiayi , Tan Lifeng , Meng Lingxin
Published: March 2024

Defensive capability is one of the essential attributes of traditional military settlements. In the Ming dynasty, coastal Wei fort was the one of the most functionally complex and wide-ranging fortifications in the military defense system of China. Because many factors affect their defensive capacities, including three dimensions: individual construction, synergistic links, and regional jurisdiction, it is not easy to compare different settlements’ defensive capacities or to judge the degrees of different factors’ influences. Through principal component analysis, this study determines the weights of each minor factor. It constructs a model for evaluating traditional Chinese military settlements’ defensive capabilities, to quantify the defensive capability. The results show that the synergistic relationship between the settlements, especially settlement accessibility, has the most significant impact on defensive capability, much higher than a single castle's defensive construction. The defensive capability index of the Wei forts in Guangdong is the highest, consistent with the highest rate of victory in the wars fought on the coast during the Ming dynasty. The defensive capacity is directly proportional to the rate of victory, which validates this evaluation model’s soundness. This study not only comprehensively evaluates the coastal Wei forts’ defensive capacity in the Ming Dynasty, but also provides new methods for the quantitative or comparative analysis of military settlements at other temporal and spatial scales.
Rapidly growing right atrial myxoma in an older patient with advanced chronic kidney disease: a case report
Authors: Taira Natsuki , Nishiwaki Hiroki , Aiba Moeko , Kadowaki Tasuku , Kajitani Hideto , Takami Reiji , Sasai Fumihiko , Tanaka Hiroyuki , Koiwa Fumihiko
Published: March 2024

Background

Right atrial myxoma is a rare cardiac tumor, with few reports on its growth rate.

Case presentation

We found a right atrial myxoma in a male patient in his 80s with chronic kidney disease on the second echocardiogram that was performed for the creation of an arteriovenous fistula at 9 months after the initial echocardiogram, which showed no evidence of myxoma. Echocardiography revealed a mass measuring 37 mm × 28 mm in the right atrium. The patient was asymptomatic, and the tumor was surgically removed.

Conclusions

To the best of our knowledge, our patient is the oldest compared with all the patients in previously reported cases of rapidly growing right atrial tumors.
Roxadustat and transfusional iron overload induced hypothyroidism in a hemodialysis patient: a case report with a literature review
Authors: Yamashita Chikako , Hirai Yuri , Nishigaito Toshiya , Mitsumoto Kensuke , Mizumoto Aya , Kawakami Manabu , Uzu Takashi
Published: March 2024

Background

Although roxadustat has been reported to cause central hypothyroidism, the details of the mechanisms and clinical characteristics of patients who are prone to developing hypothyroidism with roxadustat are uncertain.

Case presentation

A 53-year-old man with a 3-year history of hemodialysis due to diabetic kidney disease who had been treated with roxadustat, a hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor, for 2 years was admitted to the hospital because of worsening gait disturbance and impaired consciousness. He had also acquired pure red cell aplasia associated with T-cell large granular lymphocytic leukemia and received multiple blood transfusions. Because his serum concentration of thyroid hormones was low, we diagnosed him with hypothyroidism, and his consciousness level recovered to normal with thyroid hormone replacement therapy. Computed tomography revealed a high-intensity atrophic thyroid gland, and magnetic resonance imaging showed diffusely reduced T2 and T1 signals of the pituitary anterior gland. These findings confirmed the accumulation of iron in the pituitary and thyroid glands. Combined pituitary stimulation tests with thyrotropin-releasing hormone, luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone, and corticotropin-releasing hormone revealed that the patient had pan-hypopituitarism. After discontinuation of roxadustat, the patient was treated with another hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor, vadadustat. One month after switching medication, a stimulation test with thyrotropin-releasing hormone showed normal responses to thyroid-stimulating hormone. The patient was treated with levothyroxine 50 μg daily without any significant symptoms and is currently under follow-up observation as an outpatient.

Conclusions

We encountered a dialysis patient with roxadustat-induced hypothyroidism associated with transfusion iron overload. To our knowledge, this is the first case to clearly show that roxadustat can impair thyroid-stimulating hormone secretion in repeated thyrotropin-releasing hormone stimulation tests. Because the present patient had received roxadustat for more than 2 years before hypothyroidism became apparent, regular monitoring of the thyroid function may be needed in patients with renal anemia who have been treated with roxadustat, especially those at high risk of thyroid dysfunction.
Anti-LGI1 autoimmune encephalitis: insights from three cases with serial PET imaging
Authors: Ravat Parthvi , Pawar Shwetal , Jain Neeraj , Ravat Sangeeta
Published: March 2024

Background

Autoimmune encephalitis (AE) can be a disabling condition, but it is manageable when identified in its early phases. Multiple diagnostic modalities can aid the diagnosis and delineation of areas of involvement in the brain, which is essential in correlating the symptoms to their pathology.

Case presentation

This case series focuses on three cases of anti-LGI1 encephalitis in their 3rd and 5th decades, each displaying facio-brachial dystonic seizures (FBDS) and varying symptoms, such as behavioural changes and hyperhidrosis. Their MRI brains were not conclusive, but when the patients underwent a PET scan, all three of them showed involvement of the Basal Ganglia, which reversed along with clinical improvement after standard treatment for AE.

Conclusions

AE can be a morbid condition for a long time, but some factors that might predispose to better patient outcomes might be early diagnosis and treatment. A PET scan is a modality that might help pick up functional changes before structural changes set in, and so should be considered in the diagnostic workup. Patterns of involvement of brain areas in Anti LGI1 AE need delineation, and basal ganglia seems to be a consistent region of involvement.
Hepatic arterial hemodynamics and model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) scores in chronic liver disease: insights from Doppler ultrasonography
Authors: Tuladhar Sasmita , Katwal Shailendra , Gurung Ghanshyam , Khanal Umesh
Published: March 2024

Background

Doppler ultrasonography is essential to provide insights into hemodynamic alterations and liver function changes in pre-cirrhotic and cirrhotic patients. Utilizing Doppler examinations, this study aims to explore the correlation between hepatic arterial hemodynamics and Model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) scores in chronic liver disease patients.

Methods

A study of 50 chronic liver disease patients included sonographic assessments, measuring liver, portal vein size, and flow. Hepatic artery velocity, resistive index (RI), pulsatility index (PI), and acceleration time (AT) were evaluated. Biochemical parameters (serum bilirubin, creatinine, INR) were used to calculate MELD scores, compared with different Doppler sonographic parameters.

Results

The study found a mean peak systolic velocity (PSV) of 107.42 ± 48.10, with end-diastolic velocity (EDV) of 26.40 ± 14.68, RI of 0.74 ± 0.06, and PI of 1.47 ± 0.24. The mean MELD score was 19.28 ± 6.09. Correlations between MELD scores and PSV, EDV, RI, PI, and AT did not yield statistically significant correlations. 80% of subjects displayed high RI (> 0.7) values in the hepatic artery, and a significant correlation was found between portal vein thrombosis and hepatic artery PSV and RI (p < 0.05).

Conclusions

Hepatic artery RI and PSV show a significant correlation with portal vein thrombosis. Doppler ultrasonography, while not directly tied to MELD scores, is valuable for non-invasive liver disease monitoring when invasive methods are impractical. Further research is needed to unravel the relationships between hemodynamic changes, MELD scores, and clinical outcomes in a broader patient population.
Predictors of mortality of hospitalized COVID-19 pneumonia patients in university hospital
Authors: Wafy Safa M. , Saman Marina O. , Ahmed Mostafa K.
Published: March 2024

Introduction

COVID-19 pneumonia is a leading cause for worse outcome of infected patients. Factors associated with mortality in COVID-19 pneumonia vary among studies; identification of most possible factors related to worse outcome might add for management.

Patients and methods

Consecutive COVID-19 pneumonia patients referred to the Assiut University Hospital, Egypt, from June 2020 to August 2022 were included in our study. All the included patients were followed up from admission until discharge to identify the factors that worsen the outcome. Our cohort study includes two groups: survivors and non-survivors. Clinical, laboratory, and management data of both groups were recorded.

Results

Two-hundred and fifty-one confirmed COVID-19 pneumonia patients were included in the study; 147 (58.6%) patients were improved (survivors’ group), and 104 (41.4%) patients were deteriorated and died (non-survivors’ group). Non-survivors’ group had significantly higher MMRC dyspnea scale, pneumonia severity index, CURB-65 score, and baseline respiratory rate. Non-survivors group had significantly lower mean lymphocytes (0.81 ± 0.61 vs. 1.25 ± 0.75; p < 0.001), higher ferritin (1272.45 ± 143.76 vs. 615.84 ± 75.47; p < 0.001), and higher d-dimer (6.65 ± 2.67 vs. 2.78 ± 0.38; p < 0.001), with interestingly significantly higher mean platelet volume (MPV) (10.34 ± 1.64 vs. 10.07 ± 1.93 (fl); p < 0.001). Non-survivors group was frequently admitted to ICU (88 (84.6%) vs. 38 (25.9%); p < 0.001) and had longer duration in ICU than survivors group (9.71 ± 3.36 vs. 5.90 ± 2.34 (days); p < 0.001). The predictors for mortality among patients with COVID-19 pneumonia were old age, high MPV, high CT score, and admission to ICU.

Conclusion

Old age, severe lung infiltrate with HRCT, high mean platelet volume, and ICU admission are the main clinical determinants of worse outcome of COVID-19 pneumonia.
Direct interconnection of seismicity with variations of the Earth's electric and magnetic field before major earthquakes
Authors: Varotsos P. A. , Sarlis N. V. , Skordas E. S.
Published: March 2024

Upon employing the new concept of time, termed natural time, the analysis of seismicity reveals that, before major earthquakes, the variations of the Earth's electric and/or magnetic field are accompanied by increase of the fluctuations of the entropy change of seismicity under time reversal as well as by decrease of the fluctuations of the seismicity order parameter. Hence, natural time analysis reveals that before major earthquakes independent datasets of different geophysical observables (seismicity, Earth's magnetic and/or electric field) exhibit changes, which are observed simultaneously.

To the memory of the Academician Seiya Uyeda.
Template Routed Patient-Specific Implant for 1-Stage Cranioplasty
Authors: Fahem Mena Mekhael , Das R. Krishna , Luther Harleen , Ali Ali Husain
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Cranial reconstruction presents a significant challenge in cases involving pathologies with skull invasion, and various techniques have been used, including the intraoperative shaping of titanium mesh and the manual sculpting of bone cement serving as surrogates for the excised bone graft. In the context of prefabricated patient-specific implants (PSIs) for cranioplasty, precise surgical execution of craniotomies is paramount. This ensures optimal congruity between the implant and the defect created during the craniotomy, leading to a successful single-stage procedure encompassing both bone removal and reconstruction. This article presents a meticulous method for achieving such high-fidelity craniotomy and subsequent cranioplasty using PSIs in a single-stage surgery.

METHODS:

The procedure was implemented for 2 cases of meningiomas with osseous invasion. Through meticulous preoperative planning, the craniotomy template and implant were designed using computer-assisted design and manufactured on a 3-dimensional printer using the patient's computed tomography scans. Intraoperative fabrication of sterile polymethyl methacrylate replicas was achieved through the creation of silicone molds and subsequent injection molding techniques. Predesignated screw holes facilitated neuronavigation-assisted positioning of the template, aligning it accurately with the target site using registration points. Mini-screws firmly secured the template to the skull. Guided by the template, a craniotomy router performed the bone resection. On completion, the implant was affixed into place using plates and screws.

RESULTS:

This technique demonstrably facilitated a cost-effective, streamlined and precise application of prefabricated PSIs within a single-stage craniotomy-cranioplasty procedure. Subjective patient reports indicated high levels of satisfaction with the outcome.

CONCLUSION:

The template routed patient-specific implant 1-stage cranioplasty technique refines previous approaches through precise template localization on the skull, enabling an accurate craniotomy to match a prefabricated PSI. This single-stage procedure rivals hand-shaped methods in aesthetics and compares with the outcomes of 2-stage PSI cranioplasties. Additional studies are needed to validate our results.
A data extraction template for the behaviour change intervention ontology
Authors: Norris Emma , Zhang Lisa , Wuerstl Kelsey , Froome Hannah , Michie Susan
Published: March 2024

Background The Behaviour Change Intervention Ontology (BCIO) aims to improve the clarity, completeness and consistency of reporting within intervention descriptions and evidence synthesis. However, a recommended method for transparently annotating intervention evaluation reports using the BCIO does not currently exist. This study aimed to develop a data extraction template for annotating using the BCIO. Methods The BCIO data extraction template was developed in four stages: i) scoping review of papers citing component ontologies within the BCIO, ii) development of a draft template, iii) piloting and revising the template, and iv) dissemination and maintenance of the template. Results A prototype data extraction template using Microsoft Excel was developed based on BCIO annotations from 14 papers. The ‘BCIO data extraction template v1’ was produced following piloting and revision, incorporating a facility for user feedback. Discussion This data extraction template provides a single, accessible resource to extract all necessary characteristics of behaviour change intervention scenarios. It can be used to annotate the presence of BCIO entities for evidence synthesis, including systematic reviews. In the future, we will update this template based on feedback from the community, additions of newly published ontologies within the BCIO, and revisions to existing ontologies.
Intensity of the neutron component of cosmic rays and air humidity
Authors: Yanchukovsky Valery , Kalyuzhnaya Marina , Hisamov Rashit
Published: March 2024

Neutron monitor data is currently corrected only for the barometric effect. We cannot, however, exclude that changes in air humidity affect the intensity of the cosmic-ray neutron component recorded by neutron monitors. In this regard, we have carried out continuous measurements of air humidity and temperature when observing variations in the cosmic ray intensity with a neutron monitor in Novosibirsk. Analysis of the results of observations of meteorological parameters and cosmic ray intensity in Novosibirsk, as well as data from the global network of neutron monitors, made it possible to identify neutron component intensity variations caused by changes in air humidity. The estimated humidity effect indicates the need to regularly take it into account in the neutron monitor data. To do this, along with atmospheric pressure, regular measurements of humidity and air temperature should be performed.
Innovative work behavior: Role of organizational climate and employee creativity
Authors: Salsabila Zana Hanan , Mansyur Anwar
Published: March 2024

For companies, employees play an important role in bringing innovation to life. In improving employees innovative work behavior, researchers formulate factors such as organizational climate and employee creativity. This research uses quantitative techniques, with the object of research being one of the Internet Service Provider companies in Semarang. The sample in this study is 100 respondents who are employees of the company. This research analysis uses the Structural Equation Model approach using path analysis techniques on Smart PLS. The research results show that organizational climate positively and significantly affects innovative work behavior. Employee creativity has a positive and significant effect on innovative work behavior. Organizational climate has a positive and significant effect on employee creativity. Thus, to compete with Internet Service Provider companies, the organizational climate must be maintained, and employee creativity must be increased to create innovative work behavior within the company.
Food consumption pattern for hypertension patient in Klaten Regency, Central Java Province, Indonesia
Authors: Nasyaroeka Ayu Eka Buana Dewi , Solikhah Solikhah , Lianawati Lianawati
Published: March 2024

Hypertension, commonly known as high blood pressure, is a grave medical condition that serves as a catalyst for the onset of various other ailments, each bearing significant consequences that may ultimately lead to fatality. Unhealthy eating habits, such as consuming foods heavy in sugar, sodium, or saturated fat, are the primary cause of elevated incidences of hypertension. This research aimed to determine the relationship between food consumption patterns in hypertensive patients. This study used a cross-sectional study design conducted on outpatients at the Prambanan Health Center, Prambanan District, Klaten Regency, from December 2022 to February 2023.  The population used in this study were all patients with hypertension in Klaten Regency, which amounted to 2,884 people from January until December 2021. The research sample was taken randomly with a value a of 5%. Based on the sample calculation, the sample size was 339 hypertension sufferers. Data analysis used in this study was univariate and bivariate analysis using the chi-square test with a degree of confidence of 95%. The results of this study indicate that the level of salt, fiber, and fat consumption is not related to sufferer hypertension. Maintaining a nutritious diet and engaging in physical activity as part of a healthy lifestyle may also help lower blood pressure. This study supports the hypothesis that dietary variety might be important for the future. Future research endeavors ought to delve into the intricate relationship between dietary practices and blood pressure across diverse cultural contexts, elucidating how variations in dietary habits influence blood pressure levels. Furthermore, it is imperative to investigate the potential repercussions of elevated blood pressure on various cultural groups, shedding light on tits unique impacts ondifferent societal frameworks.
The relationship between eating patterns and physical activity with obesity among elementary school children: A case-control study
Authors: Lathifah Ashma , Adnani Hariza , Thi Wor Mi
Published: March 2024

In broad terms, eating patterns encompass three primary components: the type of food consumed, the frequency of eating occasions, and the portion sizes consumed. Schools are recognized as pivotal settings for initiatives aimed at preventing obesity, particularly given the potential for multifaceted interventions when addressing obesity and its associated health issues in childhood. These interventions may involve diverse strategies targeting dietary habits, physical activity levels, and broader environmental factors within the school setting. In local data between 2017 and 2020, the Province of Yogyakarta reported a 6.01% increase in the prevalence of obesity, with Yogyakarta City having the highest rate at 14.73%. This study aimed to investigate the connection between obesity in elementary school students and their eating habits and physical activity levels. This study uses a case-control methodology and is an analytical observational investigation. Purposive sampling was used in the sampling process, with 20 kids serving as the case group and 40 as the control group. Data was obtained using the formulas for physical activity, meal frequency, and 24-hour recall. The Chi-square test was used to examine the results. The results show the relationship between physical activity and eating patterns. Also, children with low physical activity have a 1.14 times greater risk of developing obesity than children who have moderate physical activity. The study's findings suggest a clear correlation between obesity dietary choices and physical activity levels. Effective management of an individual's weight necessitates involvement from their family in regulating their eating habits and encouraging physical exercise. Thus, it can be inferred that eating behaviors and levels of physical activity significantly contribute to the development and management of obesity.
Formulation of lotion ethanolic extract of rosella flower petals (Hibiscus sabrariffa L.) and antioxidant activity
Authors: Fadli Justitia Cahyani , Lasanudin Rindi Ibrahim
Published: March 2024

Rosella flowers (Hibiscus sabrariffa L.) are plants that are useful as antioxidants. The content that acts as an antioxidant is a flavonoid compound. This study aimed to determine the effect of giving calliandra honey as a multiple active ingredient and single active ingredient (rosella petal extract, calliandra honey )  and ethyl vitamin C as an active ingredient. The lotion of ethanolic extract of rosela flower petals was made with three active ingredients: ethanolic extract of roselle flower petals with a concentration of 2.5%, calliandra honey 2.5%, and ethyl vitamin C 2%. Then, calliandra honey and ethanol extract of roselle flowers are combined with a concentration of extract 2.5% and calliandra honey (1.5%, 2%, and 2.5%). The physical and stability tests are the organoleptic, homogeneity, viscosity, dispersibility, pH, lotion stability, and the value of lotion's antioxidant activity. The activity test was carried out using the 2,2-Diphenyl-1-Picryhidrazil (DPPH) method, and the IC50 of inhibition was calculated. The results of the study showed that all lotion formulations had antioxidant activity. The highest antioxidant activity was obtained in formula three, which had a value of 95.2 ppm (2.5: 2.5 %). Based on the Kruskal Wallis test, the asymp value was obtained. Sig. 0.000, which indicates that there is a significant difference in antioxidant activity. This is because the percent inhibition of each sample has a large enough difference.
Antioxidant and color properties of black soybean tempe beverage with the addition of sappan wood and cinnamon
Authors: Silviandari Putri Masitha , Rahayu Wahidah Mahanani , Silvana Ana
Published: March 2024

Black soybean was fermented into Tempe to increase its functional properties and bioavailability. To develop black soybean tempe into a beverage for practical consumption, sappan wood and cinnamon were added to improve the appearance and functional properties. This research aims to determine the effect of sappan wood and cinnamon addition on antioxidant levels, phenolic levels, and brightness levels of black soybean tempe beverages. The research used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with a ratio of sappan wood and cinnamon at 0:0, 3:0.5, 2.5:1, and 2:1.5 (%w/w). Beverage made from commercial yellow soybean tempe was used as control. This research started by making tempe using Yogyakarta's traditional method. Beans were dehulled, boiled for 30 minutes, soaked in boiling water for 36 hours, boiled again for 30 minutes, inoculated with RAPRIMA, and incubated for 40 hours at room temperature. Tempe beverage was made by milling tempe and 80°C water at 1:3 (w/w) and the barks at the mentioned ratio, followed by filtration. The beverages were then analyzed for their Ascorbic Acid Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity (AEAC), total phenolics using the Folin-Ciocalteu method, and brightness levels using the CIE method. The results showed the antioxidant properties ranged between 82.67-86.93 mg AEAC/ml, total phenolics: 53.43-66.53 mg GAE/ml, color brightness parameter L*: 33.82-34.49, a *: 1.97-2.01, and b*: 4.09-5.05. It can be concluded that adding sappan wood and cinnamon improved the antioxidant levels and appearance of black soybean tempe beverages. The highest antioxidant properties and brightness level were obtained by adding 3% and 0.5% of sappan wood and cinnamon bark, respectively.
Securing communication protocols in military computing
Authors: Kumar Rajeev , Khan Raees Ahmad
Published: March 2024

In the rapidly evolving landscape of military operations driven by advanced technology, the integration of sophisticated computing solutions has become pivotal for gaining a strategic edge. However, this shift brings forth a heightened vulnerability in communication protocols, raising concerns about the security of data exchange among military systems. This research delves into the challenges and vulnerabilities inherent in military communication protocols, aiming to identify potential threats to the confidentiality, integrity and availability of sensitive information. The article further proposes robust strategies to fortify communication channels against evolving cyberthreats, contributing to a deeper understanding of these protocols and offering practical solutions for securing them in the dynamic cyber security landscape.
Strengthening digital safety for small businesses
Authors: Brown Jen
Published: March 2024

Breaches at large organisations may grab the headlines, but attacks against small and medium-size businesses (SMBs) can be more frequent and more damaging. Although smaller firms may not have the budget to eliminate the threat entirely, this guide shows how effective use of the resources you have can significantly reduce the risks.
The road to success when implementing AI
Authors: Peiser Marc
Published: March 2024

Everyone's talking about artificial intelligence and many organisations are adopting it in one form or another in the hope of reaping business advantages, finding new opportunities or just out of a fear of missing out. Yet how confident are these organisations that their AI efforts will result in the benefits they seek? And is there a smarter way to go about this?
Public Law Regulations on Household-Increasing Remodeling Projects
Authors: Kim Beumjun
Published: March 2024

The public law regulations for remodeling projects were introduced to improve residential environments through the development and maintenance of multi-family housing, and to prevent low-quality reconstruction projects. Remodeling projects were initially focused on preserving and managing multi-family housing, and so did the “household-increasing remodeling,” which was introduced to activate remodeling projects. Notwithstanding, nowadays, household-increasing remodeling projects are more akin to reconstruction projects because they involve the reconstruction of new apartments and, simultaneously, a comprehensive reconstruction of housing complexes. Despite similarities, remodeling projects are governed by the Housing Act and subject to weaker public law regulations, while reconstruction projects are governed by the Act on the Improvement of Urban Areas and Residential Environments and subject to stronger regulations. To initiate a household-increasing remodeling project for increasing household numbers by 30 or more, it is necessary to secure project plan “approval”; if the household number increase is less than 30, it is necessary to secure a “permission”. The “permission” relates to building management activities, whereas an “approval” involves a comprehensive assessment of the residential area in light of urban planning. Remodeling projects are also examined differently based on whether they affect the entire housing complex. Still, distinguishing the procedure for project initiation based on the increase in household numbers may not be rational and can lead to regulatory arbitrage. Traditionally, remodeling projects involved minimal changes in property ownership because the residents came back to their remodeled houses. This led to less attention being given to post-project rights, and although the Housing Act mandates the establishment of a “plan to alter rights” for household-increasing remodeling projects, it fails to establish the details. As household-increasing remodeling projects are becoming more similar to reconstruction projects, the uncertainty has intensified regarding resident rights assignment. These uncertainties can lead to disputes among residents regarding the content of plans to alter rights. Currently, there is a need for more detailed legal regulations to enable the reasonable assignment of rights among residents regarding newly constructed buildings and their land. This can foster efficiency in the use of these buildings and land in remodeling projects.
Rio+20, the Green Economy and Re-Orienting Sustainable Development
Authors: Morrow Karen
Published: March 2024

This article looks at the role played by the green economy approach to sustainable development in the run-up to and aftermath of the UNCSD 2012 (the Rio+20 Earth Summit). It examines the inherent tensions that have become increasingly apparent within the sustainable development paradigm and considers the impact of the green economy approach as espoused in the Rio+20 process on sustainability. The positions adopted by major actors (comprising institutions, states and major groups) towards the green economy in the Rio+20 process and its outcome document The Future We Want are discussed. The article reflects on the particular manifestation of the perennial North/South tensions that permeate international environmental law and governance that have been prompted by the green economy debate. It also considers new fractures in the South grouping prompted by the increasing influence calls for a less materialistic, more holistic basis for human/ environment relations. Thus, contrary to the economics-dominated agenda espoused in the Rio+20 process, the Mother Earth Rights/Pachamama approach that is being promoted by a number of South American states emerged (albeit as a minor strand) in the outcome document. The article contemplates both the disappointment of the Rio+20 process and outcome and the seeds for a more creative future that may have been sown in them.
Pragmatic Competence of Children With Cochlear Implants in Linguistic Activities
Authors: Mieres Daniela , Cambra Cristina , Losilla Josep-Maria , Pérez Encarna
Published: March 2024

Abstract: The objective of the study was to analyze the pragmatic competence of children with cochlear implants (CIs). The researchers explored whether children with CIs participated in communicative exchanges in a similar way to children with typical hearing (TH), as well as how the participation of children with CIs was regulated by the activity they performed. The sample consisted of 31 children with CIs (prelingually deaf, with a hearing age equal to or greater than 2 years) and 31 children with TH. The researchers used two activities to carry out the study: conversation and picture naming. The results showed that the children with CIs participated in longer communicative exchanges than their peers with TH and had greater difficulty providing adequate responses to their interlocutor. The type of linguistic activity and their hearing age influenced the responses of the children with CIs.
Under Attack from the State and in Our Homes: Materialist Interventions and Lessons in Abolition Feminisms from Desis Rising Up and Moving
Authors: Ramachandran Vignesh , Raihan Jensine , Singh Akash
Published: March 2024

Abstract: In this paper we consider working-class abolitionist feminists’ conceptualizations of safety. Taking seriously the notion that “freedom is a place,” we look at how working-class South Asians and Indo Caribbeans in New York City build livable worlds at the intersecting crises of capitalism, white supremacy, and patriarchy. We look at Desis Rising Up and Moving (DRUM)’s organizing efforts following the expansion of immigrant detention and policing that came after the 1996 immigration laws and their contemporary organizing around gender-based violence and oppression as examples of a materialist articulation of abolition feminism. Drawing on DRUM’s archive and autoethnographic reflections, we show how DRUM develops and practices an abolition feminism that addresses both systematized racial state violence and patriarchal violence in working-class Asian American communities. We show how DRUM’s experiments with community-based intervention (CBI) around domestic violence aims to reduce violence and meet the material needs of gender-oppressed individuals in the community, while expanding the horizon for socialized care and a world without police.
Left Branch Extraction in Lower Sorbian
Authors: Pankau Andreas
Published: March 2024

abstract: Corver (1990) and Bošković (2005) note that the availability of Left Branch Extraction–the extraction of material to the left of the head out of DPs, APs, and PPs–in a language correlates with the presence and absence of definite articles. Languages with definite articles do not allow Left Branch Extraction (like English), languages without definite articles do allow Left Branch Extraction (like Polish). They further suggest that the two phenomena are causally linked, claiming Left Branch Extraction in languages with definite articles is blocked by the DP projection. In this paper, I show that the presence of definite articles does not imply the absence of Left Branch Extraction. The evidence comes from Lower Sorbian, an endangered Slavic language spoken in South East Germany. I show that Lower Sorbian has both definite articles and Left Branch Extraction.
High-sensitivity concentration detection of trace doxycycline in solution by molecular imprinting based on surface plasmon resonance technology
Authors: Yang Zhitao , Wang Shijie , Han Sijia , Wei Lingzui
Published: March 2024

The abuse of doxycycline (DC) will lead to the presence of its residues in animals and water environments, which threatens human health. It is of great significance to detect the micro-content of DC in solution. Based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR) technology, we develop a detection method for trace DC in solution by modifying the SPR sensor chip with a molecular imprinting technique. The results show that the SPR sensor could specifically recognize DC in solution, and the detection limit of this method reaches 10−6µg/mL, which is 100 times lower than that of the ELISA method. The detection signal has good linearity in the concentration range of 10−6−10µg/mL. This method has the advantages of a low detection limit, large linear range, and high specificity for DC detection.