bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Deconstructing Attributes of Constitutional Legitimacy: A Case Study of Indian Constitution
Authors: Negi Abhishek , Irshad Mohammed , Luthviati Resti Dian
Published: February 2024

This study aims to critically investigate the common perception of constitutional adherence and trace it to the Constitution's legitimacy. However, the existing literature on the subject highlight lacunae in the predominant approaches to legitimacy. Concretizing a theoretical framework to address such lacunas, the authors claim that constitutional legitimacy is a dimensional non-constant and cannot be restricted to one principle or theory. The study adopts a doctrinal research methodology. The study results show that constitutional legitimacy should be understood holistically and not just through the instrumentalities of the 'We the People' paradigm of the Indian Constitution. The representative legitimacy or the idea of 'We the people' is an aspirational ideal; hence, dynamic and aspiration may become a reality as more and more citizens get socialized into the institutions created by constitutional democracy. In this context, the study argues that the legitimacy of the Indian Constitution cannot be put strictly within the brackets of representational legitimacy because it may safely claim legitimacy under reason-based, substantive, negligible, and motivated-consent models.
Blocking Dangerous Content in Electronic Communications Networks: Evidence from Netherlands, United States and Singapore
Authors: Mulyawarman I Gede Adhi , Arya Sumerta Yasa Putu Gede , Cait Lamberton
Published: February 2024

In recent years, the blocking of internet sites with harmful content or those deemed to be (illegal content) has increased. The policy of blocking dangerous sites has pros and cons regarding freedom of expression. Blocking is considered to be carried out to control citizens' expression, which can impact all areas, especially freedom of opinion, which can be seen as a threat to certain parties. This research aims to compare criminalization policies for blocking dangerous content in electronic communications networks in the Netherlands, the United States, and Singapore and provide thoughts on law enforcement models for blocking dangerous content in more democratic electronic communication networks. This is normative legal research using a law and case approach and comparing several countries. The conceptual approach is directed at the concept of a democratic state and the protection of human rights to formulate relevant policy models. The results of blocking studies in the Netherlands, The USA, and Singapore already have regulations and policy directions for blocking dangerous content, or at least rules regarding law enforcement for cybercrime. The difference is in the level of sensitivity to the specifications of existing problems. The policy model for blocking dangerous content with special regulations outside the Criminal Code must be carried out in a non-repressive manner so that it does not violate the ultimum remedium principle and becomes over-criminalized. The formulation of policy model of all crime prevention plans using the criminal law system, which pays attention to the problem of formulating criminal acts (criminalization), criminal responsibility, and criminal regulations and punishment.
Pneumonia adquirida na comunidade e pneumonia associada à ventilação mecânica: uma análise abrangente da fisiopatologia, anatomia patológica, etiologia, epidemiologia, manifestações clínicas, diagnóstico, tratamento e desafios prognósticos
Authors: Alves Pedro Henrique Pereira da Silva , Felix Rafael Ferreira , Da Silva Claudenice Lourenço , Araujo Fernando César Staibano , Silveira Rafael Cerqueira de Barros , E Oliveira Lahyse de Oliveira , Macêdo Carla Vitória de Araújo , Rodrigues Otávio Bacciotti Bonfá
Published: February 2024

Este artigo oferece uma análise abrangente da Pneumonia Adquirida na Comunidade (PAC) e da Pneumonia Associada à Ventilação Mecânica (PAV), abordando fisiopatologia, anatomia patológica, etiologia, epidemiologia, manifestações clínicas, diagnóstico, tratamento e desafios prognósticos. Exploramos os mecanismos fisiopatológicos da PAC, sua etiologia multifatorial, impacto na saúde pública no Brasil e estratégias de diagnóstico e tratamento. Adicionalmente, discutimos a PAV, destacando sua relação com a ventilação mecânica, desafios na prevenção, diagnóstico e tratamento. Este estudo visa aprimorar a compreensão clínica, otimizando a gestão dessas condições respiratórias complexas.
Gamification in Supply Chain Management (SCM) education: a practical experience with the Beer Game
Authors: Soliani Rodrigo Duarte , Pereira Ricardo dos Santos , De Freitas César Gomes , Pereira Fábio Soares
Published: February 2024

Effective supply chain management is crucial for organizational success, requiring a practical and profound understanding of essential concepts to optimize operations, gain a competitive advantage, ensure customer satisfaction, mitigate risks, and enable the adoption of innovations that enhance performance. The innovative teaching and learning approach known as gamification, exemplified by the Beer Game, prepares students to face real challenges by simulating a beer supply chain, highlighting its complexity and the "Bullwhip Effect" concept. The practical experience helps students identify the consequences of their decisions, emphasizing the importance of collaboration, coordination, and strategic decision-making. This study aimed to provide 38 students in Technology in Logistics and Bachelor of Administration courses with practical experience in managing a supply chain with variable demand through the Beer Game. The intervention combined theory and practice, using the Beer Game as a simulation tool. Results revealed imbalances in orders and difficulties in decision-making, especially concerning unfulfilled orders. Previously reviewed research has confirmed the effectiveness of the Beer Game as a teaching tool for supply chain management. The evaluation by participating students showed that the game had a significant impact on the development of logical reasoning and the assimilation of concepts, although 25-30% of students faced difficulties in understanding certain game concepts. It is suggested that future Beer Game sessions should include strategies to mitigate the "Bullwhip Effect" and deepen the analysis of decision-making behavior in the supply chain, preparing university students for future challenges in their careers.
Sternocleidomastoid flap for reconstruction of tongue small cell carcinoma: A case report
Authors: Irawan Hendry , Bharata Made Bagus Sastrapramaya
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND

The management of tongue carcinoma is excision and radical neck dissection followed with reconstruction. This is a case report of a patient with tongue squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) who underwent the procedure with sternocleidomastoid (SCM) flap reconstruction.

CASE SUMMARY

A 52-year-old woman without smoking history complained tongue ulcer since 3 years ago. Based on the histopathological examination, the patient was diagnosed with T2N2M0 right tongue SCC and underwent wide excision of tumor; right mandibular; neck dissection and were reconstructed with SCM flap.

CONCLUSION

SCC of the tongue requires wide excision and dissection of the neck and mandible if infiltration into the surrounding lymph nodes has been found. The SCM flap reconstruction could be used post-surgery.
Severe Hypertension During Pregnancy: Considerations for Preventive Measures by Health Care Providers
Authors:   Department of Lifelong Learning and Extension, Population Education Resource Centre, SNDT Women’s University, Mumbai, India (Retired), Mishra SK
Published: February 2024

Medical professionals advocate that getting good health care before, during, and after pregnancy (which occurs when a sperm fertilizes an egg after it is released from the ovary during ovulation) is very important. This practice can help baby grow and develop sound physical and mental health during later stages of their life. Further, it is equally important to ensure that pregnant women are not subjected to hypertension situations. Furthermore, severe hypertension (defined as severely elevated blood pressure) can be risky from reproductive health (RH) point of view. However, pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) is common among pregnant women in many countries, especially in regions characterized by acute poverty and resulting malnutrition situations. It has been reported that the PIH, a form of high blood pressure (BP) in pregnancy, occurs, on an average, in about 7–10% of all pregnancies. It has also been found that many women are confronted with another type of high BP: chronic hypertension, a medical condition, wherein high BP prevails before pregnancy begins. These situations make it significant that the issue of severe hypertension during pregnancy is addressed adequately. It is in this context that the present research paper has been authored, wherein attempts have been made to investigate into strategic interventions that health care providers need to envisage, while treating pregnant women with severe hypertension conditions. This forms the specific objective of this research. With regards to general objectives, this review paper will briefly (a) address the important considerations in management of hypertension during pregnancy, and (b) discuss the future directions in this field. In terms of research mythology employed here, the author has collected secondary data from sources, such as books, book chapters, journal articles, government publications, as well as publications (and policy documents) brought out by the inter-governmental organizations. Data sources are quoted under reference section of the research. Data used are largely ‘qualitative’ in nature. Method of data analysis is ‘descriptive’. It involves desk-based research, as various research reports and other documents (including policy review reports) on subject areas related to hypertension during pregnancy have been studied by the author in order to derive conclusions and key findings (in accordance with objectives). This paper concludes that health care providers should ensure that women with chronic hypertension undergo a pre-pregnancy evaluation, with a focus on medication profile.
Immunohistochemical Effect of Eugenol on Hippocampal (CA1) Neuronal Cells Following Aluminium Chloride Induced Neurotoxicity in Wistar Rats
Authors:   Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Eden University, Lusaka, Zambia, Mesole SB ,   Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria,   Neuroanatomy and Neuroscience Unit, Department of Human Anatomy, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria, Ibegbu AO ,   Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Alex Ekueme University Ndufu Alike Ikwo, Nigeria, Musa SA ,   Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria,   Neuroanatomy and Neuroscience Unit, Department of Human Anatomy, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria, Bauchi ZM ,   Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria,   Neuroanatomy and Neuroscience Unit, Department of Human Anatomy, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria, Agbon AN ,   Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria,   Neuroanatomy and Neuroscience Unit, Department of Human Anatomy, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria, Okpanachi OA ,   Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Kampala International University, Uganda, Ivang A ,   Clinical Anatomy Unit, Department of Clinical Biology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Rwanda
Published: February 2024

The metal aluminium (Al) is a well-documented neurotoxin and has been known to exacerbate excitotoxicity within the human nervous system. This present research is aimed and intended at assessing the neuroprotective effect of eugenol (EG) against the toxic effects of aluminium chloride (AlCl3) in vivo using Wistar rats as a study model. 20 adult Wistar rats were randomly assorted or divided into 4 groups, and each group contains 5 animals. This study was conducted for a duration of 21 days. On day 22 (24 h after the last administration), rats were compassionately sacrificed with 0.8 mg/kg ketamine as anaesthesia. Thereafter brain tissue was removed for immunohistochemistry and various biochemical estimations which included antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), intra-mitochondrial accumulation of 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), pro/anti-apoptotic proteins Bax, Bcl-2 and caspase-3, endogenous enzymatic activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), immunohistochemistry of acetylcholine using acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase-1 (ACAT-1) within the cornu Ammonis-1 (CA1) region of the hippocampus and cognitive ability using novel object recognition test (NOR). Result obtained revealed a significant (p < 0.05) increase in the activity of antioxidant enzymes, a reduction in pro-apoptotic protein levels upon oral administration of EG. The results obtained show EG as a promising prospect with regards to neurotoxicity as a result of aluminium chloride (AC) toxicity.
Atypical Presentation of Ramsay Hunt Syndrome: A Case Report
Authors:   Department of Medicine, University of Gezira, Sudan, Daoud MHS , Elamin AEA ,   Department of Medicine, University of Gezira, Sudan, Ahmed A ,   Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Gezira, Sudan, Mohmed MHA ,   University of Gezira, Sudan, Hamid MH ,   University of Gezira, Sudan
Published: February 2024

Background: This case emphasizes the atypical presentation of Ramsay Hunt syndrome (RHS), in which the rash was distributed over cervical dermatomes (C3, C4). Case Presentation: A 55-year-old Sudanese woman presented with left-side mouth deviation and difficulty in the closure of her right eye which happened two weeks after the appearance of a vesicular rash over the right side of her head, ear, down to the right side of her neck as well as submandibular area, and improved with treatment (acyclovir and prednisolone). Conclusion: Physicians should be aware of typical and atypical presentations of RHS to facilitate prompt diagnosis and provide appropriate management. Early intervention with antiviral and corticosteroids has been shown to significantly improve outcomes in these patients.
Testosterone Replacement Therapy in Orthopaedic Surgery
Authors: Cohn Randy M. , Ganz Maximillian P. , Scuderi Giles R.
Published: February 2024

Testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) is an indicated treatment of several medical conditions including late-onset hypogonadism, congenital syndromes, and gender affirmation hormonal therapy. Increasing population age, medical benefits, and public awareness of TRT have resulted in increased prevalence of its utilization. However, TRT is not without concern for adverse risks including venous thromboembolic complications, cardiovascular events, and prostate issues. In the field of orthopaedic surgery, research is beginning to delineate the complex relationship between TRT and the development of orthopaedic conditions and potential effects on surgical interventions and outcomes. In this review, we discuss current literature surrounding TRT and subsequent development of osteoarthritis, incidence of total joint arthroplasty, musculotendinous pathology, postoperative infection risk, improvements in postoperative rehabilitation metrics, enhancement of osseous healing, and increased bone-implant integration. The authors suggest future areas of investigation that may provide guidance on how surgeons can mitigate adverse risks while optimizing benefits of TRT in the orthopaedic patient.
Evaluation and Management of Acetabular Bone Loss in Revision Total Hip Arthroplasty: A 10-year Update
Authors: Sanghavi Sahil A. , Paprosky Wayne G. , Sheth Neil P.
Published: February 2024

Acetabular bone loss continues to be one of the most complex and challenging scenarios facing the orthopaedic surgeon. Preoperative planning and classification systems essentially have remained the same, with the Paprosky classification still being the most commonly used. Careful radiological assessment with well-defined criteria can accurately diagnose acetabular bone loss patterns with an associated chronic pelvic discontinuity before surgery. The use of cemented reconstruction techniques has declined, and contemporary practice trends have involved the increasing use of highly porous hemispherical shells in conjunction with modular porous metal augments, which can successfully treat most acetabular revisions. Noncemented treatment options for the management of acetabular bone loss during revision include conventional porous/modular highly porous hemispherical implants, nonmodular highly porous implants with cementable acetabular liners, cup-cage reconstruction, oblong cups, and triflange reconstruction. These options can be combined with modular porous metal augments, structural allografts, impaction grafting, or reconstruction cages. Acetabular distraction is a newer technique for chronic pelvic discontinuity, which is used in conjunction with off-the-shelf revision acetabular shells and modular porous metal augments. This review is an update over the past decade, highlighting studies with mid to long-term follow-up, and presents the advantages, disadvantages, and principles associated with each of the most commonly used reconstructive techniques.
The influence of happiness and anxiety on emotional Stroop effect
Authors: Martynova Ekaterina , Lyusin Dmitry
Published: February 2024

The emotional Stroop effect is defined as a delay in reaction time or an increase in error rate while naming the color of emotional words compared to neutral words. The aim of this study was to examine how happiness and anxiety influence the emotional Stroop effect. According to the principle of emotion congruence, information processing is facilitated when its emotional valence matches the individual's mood. In the context of the emotional Stroop task, this implies that emotionally congruent words should be processed more easily, leading to a reduction or even elimination of the emotional Stroop effect. Conversely, processing incongruent stimuli should be more challenging and the impact of word meaning on color naming should be more pronounced. Based on these considerations, the hypothesis was proposed that emotional Stroop effect would be stronger when using stimuli incongruent with the participant's emotional state. We administered the emotional Stroop task with neutral, happy, and threatening words, music for mood induction, and the EmoS-15 questionnaire to assess mood induction effectiveness. The hypothesis was partially confirmed, as the emotional Stroop effect, assessed by error rates, was greater for stimuli incongruent with the emotional state.
Occupational Health Assessment and Risks in Automotive and Wood Manufacturing Industries: A Retrospective Study
Authors: NTEPE SULTAN
Published: February 2024

Objective: This study examines workers' health status and occupational risks in the automotive manufacturing and wood manufacturing sectors based on medical examinations conducted between January 2019 and January 2020.
Materials and Methods: It involves 27 individuals with an average age of 36.26. Younger workers, especially those aged 20 to 35, show a higher propensity for workplace accidents due to their engagement in hazardous tasks and limited experience. The research emphasizes prevalent health issues such as metabolic syndrome, diabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular diseases among these workers, influenced by sedentary work routines and inadequate physical activity. Workers employed for 1-10 years exhibit the highest incidence of workplace accidents, warranting careful monitoring in this demographic.
Key factors observed include tobacco consumption, blood cell counts, hemoglobin, glucose, liver function indicators, and exposure to hazardous substances. The study highlights prevalent hearing impairment and lung abnormalities in these workers, aligning with global trends in occupational health.
Results: It recommends regular health screenings, lung film examinations during initial employment, and periodic check-ups for early detection and treatment. While acknowledging limitations, such as study specificity and resource constraints, it underscores the role of such studies in shaping policies, guiding preventive measures, and enhancing worker health and safety in high-risk industries.
Conclusion: This study underscores the need for proactive health monitoring and regular screenings to safeguard workers' health, even in industries where symptoms might not be evident.
Agomelatine alleviates pain-related behaviour in ovariectomized rats
Authors: Korkmaz Engin , Beytur Asiye , Tekin Suat
Published: February 2024

Aim: Menopause is a physiological process that results in the cessation of ovarian follicle activity. Research suggests that postmenopausal women may experience changes in pain sensitivity. Ovariectomized (Ovx) rats are commonly used to mimic postmenopausal pain symptoms in research. Agomelatine is a unique antidepressant that acts as both a melatonergic receptor agonist and a 5-HT2C receptor antagonist. Preclinical studies have suggested potential analgesic effects associated with Agomelatine. This study aims to investigate the influence of agomelatine on pain behavior in Ovx rats.
Materials and Methods: Forty female Sprague Dawley rats were divided into four groups: Sham, Ovx, Ago20 and Ago40. The Ovx, Ago20 and Ago40 groups underwent bilateral ovariectomy, while the Sham group underwent all surgical procedures except ovarian ligation. After four months, the Sham and Ovx groups received vehicle, while the Ago20 (20mg/kg) and Ago40 (40mg/kg) groups received agomelatine by oral gavage for two months. Pain sensitivity assessments were conducted using electronic von Frey, hot plate, tail flick, and tail immersion methods after the final drug administration.
Results: In the Ovx group, there was an increase in pain sensitivity observed in the hot plate, electronic von Frey, tail flick, and tail immersion tests (p < 0.05). Agomelatine treatment significantly reduced the heightened nociceptive response (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: Agomelatine effectively attenuates the increased sensitivity to pain observed in Ovx rats.
Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of extended spectrum beta-lactamase producing E. coli harboring carbapenem and colistin resistant genes from poultry farms in Egypt
Authors: Ali Reem , Abdelaziz El , Kamel Mohammed , Murad Susan , Abdallah H , Salem Gamal
Published: February 2024

Background: Extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing E. coli is implicated in high rate of human infections globally. Uprising of carbapenem and colistin resistance further hinders the treatment potentials of these infections. This study was conducted to assess the phenotypic and genotypic characterization of carbapenem and colistin resistance between ESBL producing E. coli isolates obtained from chicken respiratory tract in El-Sharkia government, Egypt.
Methods: Lung samples, 250, from 50 chicken farms were processed for isolation, identification and serotyping of E. coli. Antimicrobial resistance was detected by disk diffusion. ESBL phenotypic occurrence was also examined by double disc synergy. PCR/sequencing were used to investigate ESBL (β-lactamase (bla)- TEM, bla SHV, and bla CTX-M ), colistin (mcr-1), and carbapenem (bla NDM, bla VIM and bla KPC) resistant genes.
Results: The results displayed that 140/250 (56%) were detected to be E. coli. All E. coli isolates had an elevated multi-antimicrobial resistance (MAR) index value (>0.2) and 65.7 % were proven to produce ESBL. Among 92 ESBL phenotypes 55 (59.7%), 32 (34.7%), 18 (19.6%), and 37 (40.2%) isolates harbor bla TEM-3, bla SHV-4, bla CTX-M-1, bla CTX-M-14 respectively. The bla NDM-1 gene was detected in all 40/50 carbapenem resistant phenotypes that represents 28.5% of all E. coli and 43.4% of ESBL isolates. The bla VIM and bla KPC were not found in any E. coli isolate. In addition, mobilized colistin resistance (mcr)-1 gene exhibited high prevalence; 64 (69.5%) among ESBL isolates.
Conclusion: The reported high frequency of ESBL-producers especially carbapenem and colistin-resistant E. coli would account for a public health threat in the society.
Ultramicroscopic organization of the exterior olfactory organ in Anguilla vulgaris in relation to its spawning migration
Authors: Zahaby Sheren , Hassan Sahar , Elsheikh Eman
Published: February 2024

Background: Catadromous fishes have well developed elongate olfactory organs with numerous lamellae and different types of receptor neurons related to their breeding migration.
Aim: The current study showed how the olfactory system adapted to the catadromous life. Our work declared the need of the migratory fishes to the sense of smell that exhibited by higher number of the olfactory lamellae and the receptor neuron verification in the olfactory epithelium.
Methods: Ten specimens of fully grown, but pre-matured, silver eels of Anguilla vulgaris were captured at the outlet of Edco Lake, overlooking the Mediterranean Sea, east of Alexandria. Olfactory rosettes dissected and fixed for Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM).
Results: Our study gave a morphological description of the olfactory system of Anguilla vulgaris. At the ultrastructural level using SEM and TEM, one olfactory rosette provided with 90 to 100 flat radial olfactory lamellae. The nasal configuration allowed water to enter and exit, transferring odorant molecules to olfactory receptor cells which comprises long cylindrical ciliated and microvillous receptors as well as rod-tipped cells. These cells are bipolar neurons with upward dendritic knobs. The olfactory epithelia also include crypt receptor cells. Interestingly, the olfactory neurons are delimited by non-sensory supporting cells, including long motile kinocilia and sustentacular supporting cells beside mucus secretory goblet cells and ionocytes or labyrinth cells that contribute in the olfaction process.
Conclusion: Olfaction is crucial in all vertebrates, including fishes as it involves in reproduction, parental, feeding, defensive, schooling, and migration behaviors. Here, Anguilla vulgaris is an excellent model for catadromous fishes. It has a well-developed olfactory organ to cope with the dramatic climate change, habitat loss, water pollution, and altered ocean currents effect during their catadromous life for reproduction.
Experimental Study on Thermal Comfort of Fan Air Conditioning Coupling
Authors: Cao Shuanghua , Wei Shiyu , Pu Yue
Published: February 2024

Taking the room with air conditioner and ceiling fan as the research object, experimental measurements were carried out on three set temperatures of air conditioner and four ceiling fan stalls totaling 12 working conditions by setting measurement points at different locations, the temperature and velocity variations under different working conditions were investigated and the thermal comfort calculations of PMV with PPD were carried out. It provides a basis for optimizing room airflow organization and comfort by coupling fan and air conditioner.
Study on the Leaching Status of Magnesium Nutrients in Soil and its Influencing Factors
Authors: Shi Lei , Xia Liheng
Published: February 2024

Mg is one of the essential medium elements for plant growth and an essential mineral nutrient in agricultural production. In this paper, we summarize the past series of plant Mg nutrition studies and Mg leaching tests in field soils to reveal the leaching status of Mg elements in soils today and their influencing factors. According to the test results of 325 609 soils in the 2016 National Soil Testing and Formulation Program, Mg-deficient soils with exchangeable Mg content (Mgex) <50 mg-kg-1 accounted for 43.8% of soils in the country; among them, soils with 25-50 mg-kg-1 accounted for 7.64%, and those with Mgex <25 mg-kg-1 accounted for 36.14%, and soils in China had a more serious deficient The salinization, acid-alkalization, high heavy metal content and intense leaching of the soil were the important influencing factors for its lack of Mg supply. Positive effect factors of soil Mg leaching include soil exchange Mg content, type of fibrous root crop, light-textured soil, desorption of soil Mg, and weathering of parent material; negative effect factors include type of taproot crop, root secretion, biomass fixation, soil pH and organic matter, colloidal adsorption, and precipitation mineralization.
Exploration and Research on Project Teaching of Building Construction Technology
Authors: Wang Tiegang , Zuo Yonggang
Published: February 2024

Construction technology is one of the important courses of construction engineering specialty, which is of great significance to cultivate students' practical ability and professional quality. This paper aims to explore the implementation method and effect of construction technology project teaching, in order to improve the teaching quality and the comprehensive quality of students.
ANÁLISE DE GESTÃO BANCÁRIA: UM COMPARATIVO ENTRE INSTITUIÇÕES FINANCEIRAS PÚBLICAS E PRIVADAS
Authors: Paula Sabrina Alves , Moraes Rayelli Vitoria da Silva , Queiroz Uilma dos Santos , Souza Ricardo Rodrigues , Nogueira Matheus Lira
Published: February 2024

O objetivo deste estudo é fazer uma análise utilizando os indicadores financeiros a fim de determinar a melhor gestão, se pública ou privada, dos bancos brasileiros. Dentre os principais indicadores financeiros, foram utilizados: Retorno sobre o Ativo (ROA), Retorno sobre o Patrimônio Líquido (ROE), Liquidez Geral (LG), Endividamento Geral (EG), Margem Bruta (MB) e Liquidez Corrente (LC). Para que seja examinada e comparada a rentabilidade, a lucratividade, a liquidez e o endividamento das instituições e, posteriormente, determinada como se encontra a saúde financeira das entidades. O mercado financeiro influencia as políticas econômicas e os bancos direcionam os recursos financeiros como intermediários de capital. A análise da saúde financeira depende dos indicadores para se obter melhores resultados. As informações adquiridas para realização deste trabalho surgem a partir de análises realizadas sobre as demonstrações contábeis como Balanço Patrimonial e DRE dos exercícios de 2018 a 2022, conforme publicadas e também do software Economática. Os resultados confirmam que a gestão privada é melhor que a pública, uma vez que oferece melhor atratividade para os acionistas. A gestão pública visa o bem-estar social, enquanto a gestão privada procura maximizar os lucros.
USO DE DROGAS DE DESEMPENHO ENTRE ESTUDANTES DE MEDICINA DE BRASÍLIA: UMA ANÁLISE QUANTITATIVA
Authors: Miranda Ana Paula Vilela , Seixas Maria Carolina de Araújo , Pereira Alexandre Sampaio Rodrigues
Published: February 2024

Os psicoestimulantes são substâncias que atuam por diferentes mecanismos e favorecem o aprendizado, a memória e a concentração. São consumidos com frequência por estudantes e alta prevalência entre os acadêmicos de medicina. Dentre os estimulantes utilizados por esse grupo, destacam-se a cafeína, bebidas energéticas, pó de guaraná e metilfenidato. O presente estudo teve como objetivo analisar a prevalência do uso de drogas de desempenho entre estudantes de medicina, motivações para uso e principais efeitos colaterais das substâncias. Foi realizado um estudo de caráter observacional e transversal, utilizando dados obtidos a partir de um questionário anônimo disponibilizado pela plataforma Google Forms. Obteve-se a amostra de 143 alunos do curso de medicina de uma universidade privada de Brasília. Encontrou-se a prevalência do sexo feminino e principal faixa etária entre 17 e 26 anos. Observou-se a prevalência do consumo de cafeína (83,92%) e bebidas energéticas (70,63%) na amostra. Entre os estudantes que usam o metilfenidato, apenas 40% possuíam prescrição médica para uso. Encontrou-se como principal motivação para uso dos estimulantes a inibição do sono e o aumento da concentração, no entanto, a percepção de melhora do rendimento pelos estudantes foi minoria. Entre os efeitos colaterais, observou-se principalmente a cefaléia e a taquicardia. Infere-se a importância do debate acerca do uso e procura por essas substâncias, visto que, mesmo na presença de efeitos colaterais indesejados, o consumo continua uma prática recorrente entre os estudantes da área.
TRANSPLANTES DE ÓRGÃOS E FETOS ANENCÉFALOS: CONSIDERAÇÕES ÉTICAS
Authors: Dagostin Suelen Raquel , Klein Vanessa Cristina Grolli , Marmitt Luana Patrícia , Grasel Claudia Elisa
Published: February 2024

A anencefalia resulta da ausência parcial do encéfalo e da calota craniana, o que pode conferir ao paciente uma atividade cerebral rudimentar: presença de respiração espontânea, batimentos cardíacos, além de sucção e deglutição, conferindo uma sobrevida variável. Esta malformação ocorre em 1 a 5 casos por 1000 nascidos vivos, com predomínio no sexo feminino. A problemática envolvendo anencéfalos como possíveis doadores de órgãos ganhou notoriedade a partir da realização de um transplante cardíaco em 1987, no Canadá, no qual o doador era portador de anencefalia.
EXPO OSAKA 1970 — ROBERTO LOEB: SIMULAÇÃO DIGITAL PARA ANÁLISE DO PERCURSO DE PROJETO NÃO CONSTRUÍDO
Authors: Chang David Dalmas
Published: February 2024

Este artigo apresenta o projeto para a Exposição Mundial de Osaka de 1970 desenvolvido pelo arquiteto Roberto Loeb, sob uma abordagem de suas circulações. Entende-se que o sistema de circulação de um projeto é parte fundamental da etapa de concepção. O material coletado junto ao arquiteto e as publicações da época permitiu a realização de simulações digitais do projeto e de seus percursos, o que posteriormente possibilitou o desenvolvimento de análises das perceptivas dos espaços, fundamentadas com conceitos vindos da fenomenologia. A contribuição original reside em revelar características arquitetônicas do projeto selecionado por meio de novas técnicas computacionais, dentre elas, a renderização em tempo real e a fabricação digital. O intuito é aprofundar a compreensão dos projetos por meio de redesenho, modelagem geométrica, modelo físico e simulações virtuais.
PERSPECTIVAS DE UMA NOVA PANDEMIA PELO NIPAH HENIPAVIRUS: REVISÃO BIBLIOGRÁFICA
Authors: Rocha Eduardo Martins , Carvalho Marília Gabriely da Costa , De Almeida Fabio Marques , Pinto Murillo de Sousa
Published: February 2024

O vírus Nipah (NiV) é um zoonótico altamente patogênico que pode causar doenças graves tanto em humanos quanto em animais. Transmitido por morcegos frugívoros, seus hospedeiros naturais pertencem à família Pteropodidae. O NiV pode manifestar uma ampla gama de sintomas, desde infecções respiratórias leves até encefalite aguda, com uma taxa de mortalidade considerável. A primeira identificação do NiV ocorreu em 1998, durante uma epidemia na Malásia, e desde então houve vários surtos em Bangladesh e na Índia. O NiV é um vírus envelopado com fita de RNA negativa e não segmentada, e as complicações podem incluir crises respiratórias graves, potencialmente fatais. O NiV é classificado como um vírus de biossegurança nível quatro devido à sua alta letalidade e falta de imunizantes eficazes. A ausência de estudos publicados que abordam o potencial pandemico do NiV sugere a necessidade de continuidade nos estudos para prevenção e desenvolvimento de vacinas eficazes. Ações ecologicamente conscientes também são fundamentais, pois a maioria dos vírus são zoonóticos, originados de animais selvagens e reduzir o contato humano com essas espécies pode ajudar a mitigar o risco de infecções. O NiV é um exemplo de um vírus que, embora altamente letal, não representa um risco iminente de uma nova pandemia global. No entanto, a continuidade nos estudos é essencial para prevenir futuros surtos e desenvolver vacinas eficazes.
A INCUBAÇÃO DE OVOS DE TAMBAQUI (Colossoma macropomum) COMO INDICADOR ECOLÓGICO DE BERÇÁRIOS NATURAIS DE PEIXES NATIVOS
Authors: Garcez Jânderson Rocha , Dos Santos Gabriel Felipe Duarte , Dos Santos Magno , Freire Guilherme Martinez , Lima Fabricio Machado , De Lima Mariana Dara Rodrigues , Gonçalves Brenda Rodrigues Lima , Zapata Angelo Gabriel Faia , Yahuarcari Leonardo Manoel Moraes , Ferreira Zacarias Ancelmo Ribeiro , Rodrigues Diego Fernandes , Martins Maria Vitória da Silva
Published: February 2024

O crescimento desordenado das cidades amazônicas é um dos desafios para conservação dos corpos hídricos naturais. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a taxa de fertilização, taxa de eclosão e a sobrevivência das larvas de tambaqui utilizando águas de diferentes corpos hídricos naturais da região brasileira de tríplice entre Brasil, Colômbia e Peru. O experimento foi realizado sob ambiente controlado, em temperatura ambiente e baixa luminosidade. Dois casais de tambaqui (fêmeas 7,52 kg ± 0,38 kg e machos 6,83 kg ± 0,42 kg) foram submetidos a reprodução artificial utilizando Extrato Hipofisário de Carpa. Após a fertilização, dez ovos foram incubados em recipientes de 100 ml contendo água de diferentes cursos de água, com cinco repetições para cada ponto de coleta. A análise de variância indicou que a taxa de eclosão foi maior na água do rio Solimões (72,0 %), e as menores foram no igarapé do IFAM (56%), igarapé do Urumutum (52%), igarapé do Paraíba (50%) e por último o igarapé do Buriti (44%) (p<0,05). As águas dos igarapés urbanos e dos rios não influenciaram a taxa de fertilização e a sobrevivência das larvas até 24 horas após eclosão (p>0,05). Esses resultados podem ser explicados pelo fato de que o rio Solimões é o ambiente natural de reprodução da espécie e, por outro lado, os igarapés podem estar recebendo contaminação de diferentes fontes urbanas. Assim, os igarapés contaminados também podem influenciar a reprodução de outras espécies nativas e serve de alerta de novas políticas públicas voltadas à conservação das bacias hidrográficas.
Los espacios ideológicos del PP y del PSOE en Castilla y León
Authors: Ruiz Rodríguez Leticia M.
Published: February 2024

Este trabajo analiza los espacios ideológicos del PP y del PSOE de Castilla y León, empleando datos sobre diputados regionales obtenidos a partir de una encuesta a la casi totalidad de los miembros de las Cortes Regionales (Elitecyl 2005). En un segundo momento, a partir de la ubicación ideológica y el comportamiento de voto de los castellanos y leoneses(Barocyl 2006 y Barocyl 2005), se indaga en la utilidad del argumento que explica una parte del éxito electoral mediante la cercanía ideológica entre los partidos (su élite) y el electorado, en una reflexión sobre las consecuencias electorales de la ubicación ideológica de los partidos.
La duración en el poder y el rendimiento electoral de los partidos nacionalistas gobernantes ¿la ventaja competitiva del nacionalismo?
Authors: Alonso Sáenz de Oger Sonia
Published: February 2024

Este trabajo se pregunta si el hecho de apelar a identidades supuestamente primordiales, y por tanto fuertemente arraigadas y estables, ha aportado a los partidos nacionalistas alguna ventaja competitiva a lo largo del tiempo frente a otros partidos políticos basados en otras identidades, como las de clase o las religiosas. Para ello, el trabajo compara los partidos nacionalistas y no nacionalistas de los gobiernos regionales de Canadá, Dinamarca, España, Italia y Reino Unido, centrándose en tres indicadores empíricos: el rendimiento electoral, la fluctuación de los niveles de voto y la duración de los partidos gobernantes en el gobierno. Los resultados muestran que los partidos no nacionalistas son, en general, más severamente castigados que los partidos nacionalistas, especialmente en gobiernos de coalición. En términos de duración enel gobierno, sin embargo, no se aprecian diferencias significativas entre los partidos nacionalistas y los que no lo son.
Cambios y diferencias en la Andalucía de los noventa
Authors: Cazorla Pérez José
Published: February 2024

Se presenta en este trabajo una síntesis de la situación comparativa de Andalucía, en el con-texto del conjunto de CC.AA. españolas, comentando algunos indicadores recientes significativos de sus desigualdades(interiores y ad extra), que no siempre deben ser asimiladas a las diferencias. En la gran mayoría de los casos aquéllas se registran desde hace más de cuatro décadas, y mantienen a la región más poblada de España en una situación de inferioridad socioeconómica que carece de justificación. Salvo por la presencia de factores tales como la escasa iniciativa empresarial, o la adopción de decisiones desde los círculos de poder, que no hace mucho han dado más importancia a las apariencias que a la resolución del fondo de los problemas laborales, de infraestructura y de producción que la atenazan. Los cuales, desde hace un siglo, mantienen a Andalucía en una posición que no cabe explicar en términos que ignoren su profunda, complicada y desigual realidad social.
Tendencias de las mujeres en su desarrollo profesional
Authors: Sánchez-Apellániz Mercedes
Published: February 2024

En este trabajo se analiza la tendencia cada vez más consolidada de creación de empresas por parte de las mujeres; tendencia que constituye una alternativa de desarrollo de carrera más acorde con los modelos actualmente vigentes, y que proporciona una vía de sostenimiento en unmercado de trabajo que aún se ve influido por los clásicos estereotipos de género. Los hándicaps particulares a los que se enfrentan las mujeres, relacionados sobre todo con su movilidad vertical y con su doble rol de madre y profesional, parecen estar propiciando esta tendencia. Tendencia que puede originar un cambio cultural en el mercado de trabajo siempre y cuando se plantee bajo la óptica de «actividad económica». Los resultados obtenidos por esta vía pueden mejorar tanto la imagen de la mujer empresaria como la imagen de la mujer como potencial directiva.
Individualidades y colectivismo en el análisis sociológico
Authors: Gobernado Arribas Rafael
Published: February 2024

La disyuntiva individualismo versus colectivismo es una de las muchas disyuntivas que se entrecruzan en la confección del mapa social. Para destacar la complejidad que entraña la misma, se ha elaborado un conjunto de conceptos organizados alrededor de la noción de individualismo, en los tres niveles tradicionales de análisis sociológico: el social, el de la cultura y el de la personalidad. En cada uno de tales niveles se han buscado, a su vez, los conceptos complementarios y los contradictorios a los propiamente individualistas, dando lugar a una clasificación conceptual compleja y útil.
Mujeres, hombres y participación política buscando diferencias
Authors: García Escribano Juan José , Frutos Balibrea María Dolores
Published: February 2024

La dimensión política con relación a las mujeres constituye un fenómeno explicativo de otras dimensiones de la desigualdad por género, a la vez que en la actualidad, en la mayoría de los países, se erige en un fenómeno emergente en el terreno de lo social, mientras que en lo sociológico plantea retos teóricos y metodológicos. Los objetivos planteados en esta nota de investigación son teóricos y empíricos. Por un lado, conocer sucintamente las perspectivas teóricas y metodológicas aportadas desde la teoría sociológica a las relaciones de género. Por otro, aproximarnos a la realidad social española a través de los datos empíricos, en aspectos tales como: el comportamiento político de mujeres y hombres respecto de la participación, la ideología y el comportamiento electoral.
Difusión e isomorfismo en las organizaciones el caso de las multinacionales
Authors: Edwards Tony , Coller Porta Xavier , Rees Chris
Published: February 2024

Aunque la sociología de las organizaciones y del trabajo se ocupa cada vez más de estudiar las empresas multinacionales, todavía se conoce poco el impacto que la internacionalización de la producción tiene en la tendencia al isomorfismo que se observa en las plantas operadas por multinacionales. Con los resultados del estudio de tres multinacionales, los autores señalan que las redes trasnacionales de directivos y el sistema de competición cooperativa entre plantas contribuyen a difundir prácticas de trabajo y de organización de la producción que hacen a las subsidiarias de la multinacional cada vez más similares. El isomorfismo organizacional, concluyen, es el resultado de la estructura, de la política interna de la multinacional, y del entorno en el que desarrollas sus actividades.
La caída de la fecundidad en Galicia, 1970-1995 Explicaciones desde la economía
Authors: Xoaquín Fernández Leiceaga
Published: February 2024

En las páginas que siguen efectuaremos una aproximación a una de las características centrales de la demografía gallega en los últimos tiempos: el desplome de la fecundidad muy por debajo del nivel de reemplazo, con la consiguiente producción de generaciones cada vez menos numerosas. En la primera parte abordamos una descripción del fenómeno, interesándonos por su ritmo, el efecto del retraso en la maternidad y las diferencias provinciales o de las áreas urbanas en relación con las rurales. En la segunda parte aplicamos aquellos elementos del análisis económico que permiten explicar esta inflexión en la evolución de la fecundidad.
La evolución reciente de la fecundidad y el embarazo en España la influencia del aborto
Authors: Margarita Delgado
Published: February 2024

A través de la evolución de las tasas de fecundidad y embarazo por grupos de edad en España entre 1975 y 1995, se puede apreciar el descenso que se ha producido en ambos indicadores. Si bien la tendencia es idéntica, la cuantía del descenso difiere, pues se aprecia un descenso de mayor envergadura en las tasas de fecundidad que en las de embarazo, diferencia que se debe al aborto. El incremento del recurso al aborto desde la entrada en vigor de la ley que lo despenaliza es un rasgo común, aunque su importancia difiere dependiendo del grupo de edad. Así, la mayor proporción de embarazos finalizando en un aborto se observa entre las menores de veinticinco años y las mayores de cuarenta. El análisis contempla las diferencias entre comunidades autónomas, pudiéndose apreciar distintos comportamientos, principalmente en determinados grupos de edad.
Mujeres y hombres en las élites políticas españolas ¿diferencias o similitudes?
Authors: Ruiz Pacheco Cristina , Edurne Uriarte
Published: February 2024

Este artículo analiza las diferencias de género en la élite política española a partir de los datos obtenidos en una investigación realizada por las autoras en 1997 sobre los diputados y diputadas de la actual legislatura. El artículo parte de un análisis introductorio sobre los factores que explican el importante porcentaje, en términos comparativos, de mujeres que han llegado a la élite política en España y sobre factores que explican, a su vez , que las diferencias de número entre hombres y mujeres se mantegan.Fundamentalmente, el artículo pretende responder a tres interrogantes básicos: 1) ¿existen diferencias entre los hombres y mujeres de la élite política?; 2)¿cuáles son las causas que explican la menor presencia de mujeres en posiciones de poder, y 3)¿podemos hablar de diferencias en la forma en que hombres y mujeres ejercen el liderazgo?
Los movimientos por la solidaridad ¿un nuevo modelo de acción colectiva?
Authors: Pedro Ibarra Güell
Published: February 2024

Este texto sostiene que aquellos movimientos sociales que tienen la solidaridad como objetivo, cooperación con el Tercer Mundo, antirracismo, etc, muestran ciertas pautas de conducta diferentes respecto a las que caracterizan al conjunto de los movimientos sociales. Asimismo , se formula en él la hipótesis que estas distintas formas de acción son también utilizadas en otras demandas sociales (ámbito del trabajo, la ecología, etc.) y que, por lo tanto, el objeto de estudio no es sólo un específico movimiento social , sino quizás una nueva y genérica forma de acción colectiva