bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Preoperative peripheral inflammatory markers are predictors of postoperative central diabetes insipidus in craniopharyngioma patients: a retrospective study
Authors: Wang Jing , Wang Guanghui , Cheng Lidong , Zhu Hongtao , Wang Junwen , Ding Xinmin , Niu Hongquan , Zhao Kai , Shu Kai
Published: May 2024

Background

Postoperative central diabetes insipidus (CDI) is commonly observed in craniopharyngioma (CP) patients, and the inflammatory response plays an important role in CPs. We aimed to evaluate the predictive value of preoperative peripheral inflammatory markers and their combinations regarding CDI occurrence in CPs.

Methods

The clinical data including preoperative peripheral inflammatory markers of 208 CP patients who underwent surgical treatment were retrospectively collected and analyzed. The preoperative peripheral white blood cells (WBC), neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, platelet (PLT), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), derived-NLR (dNLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR) and PLT-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) were assessed in total 208 CP patients and different age and surgical approach CP patient subgroups. Their predictive values were evaluated by the receiver operator characteristic curve analysis.

Results

Preoperative peripheral WBC, neutrophils, NLR, dNLR, MLR, and PLR were positively correlated and lymphocyte was negatively associated with postoperative CDI occurrence in CP patients, especially when WBC ≥ 6.66 × 109/L or lymphocyte ≤ 1.86 × 109/L. Meanwhile, multiple logistic regression analysis showed that WBC > 6.39 × 109/L in the > 18 yrs age patients, WBC > 6.88 × 109/L or lymphocytes ≤ 1.85 × 109/L in the transcranial approach patients were closely associated with the elevated incidence of postoperative CDI. Furthermore, the area under the curve obtained from the receiver operator characteristic curve analysis showed that the best predictors of inflammatory markers were the NLR in total CP patients, the MLR in the ≤ 18 yrs age group and the transsphenoidal group, the NLR in the > 18 yrs age group and the dNLR in the transcranial group. Notably, the combination index NLR + dNLR demonstrated the most valuable predictor in all groups.

Conclusions

Preoperative peripheral inflammatory markers, especially WBC, lymphocytes and NLR + dNLR, are promising predictors of postoperative CDI in CPs.
High-performance internal circulation anaerobic granular sludge reactor for cattle slaughterhouse wastewater treatment and simultaneous biogas production
Authors: Hellal Mohamed Saad , El-Kamah Hala M. , Doma Hala Salah
Published: May 2024

This research investigates the efficacy of a high-performance pilot-scale Internal Circulation Anaerobic Reactor inoculated with Granular Sludge (ICAGSR) for treating cattle slaughterhouse wastewater while concurrently generating biogas. The primary objective is to assess the efficiency and performance of ICAGSR in terms of organic pollutant removal and biogas production using granular anaerobic sludge. The research methodology entails operating the ICAGSR system under ambient conditions and systematically varying key parameters, including different Hydraulic Retention Times (HRTs) (24, 12, and 8 h) and Organic Loading Rates (OLRs) (3.3, 6.14, and 12.83 kg COD/m³. d). The study focuses on evaluating pollutants’ removal and biogas production rates. Results reveal that the ICAGSR system achieves exceptional removal efficiency for organic pollutants, with Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) removal exceeding 74%, 67%, and 68% at HRTs of 24, 12, and 8 h, respectively. Furthermore, the system demonstrates stable and sustainable biogas production, maintaining average methane contents of 80%, 76%, and 72% throughout the experimental period. The successful operation of the ICAGSR system underscores its potential as a viable technology for treating cattle slaughterhouse wastewater and generating renewable biogas. In conclusion, this study contributes to wastewater treatment and renewable energy production by providing a comprehensive analysis of the ICAGSR system’s hydrodynamic properties. The research enhances our understanding of the system’s performance optimization under varying conditions, emphasizing the benefits of utilizing ICAGSR reactors with granular sludge as an effective and sustainable approach. Identifying current gaps, future research directions aim to further refine and broaden the application of ICAGSR technology in wastewater treatment and renewable energy initiatives.
A randomized controlled clinical trial of concentrated growth factor combined with sodium hyaluronate in the treatment of temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis
Authors: Jia Xin-yu , Jing Si-li , Sun Yang , Gong Zhong-cheng , Guo Zhi-chen
Published: May 2024

Objective

To investigate the effect of concentrated growth factor (CGF) combined with sodium hyaluronate (SH) on temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJOA).

Methods

Sixty patients with TMJOA who were diagnosed by cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) between March 2020 and March 2023 at the Stomatological Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University were randomly divided into a control group (n = 30) and an experimental group (n = 30). The patients in the experimental group were treated with CGF + SH, and those in the control group were treated with SH only. The visual analogue scale (VAS) score indicating pain in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) area; the Helkimo Clinical Dysfunction Index (Di); and changes in condylar CBCT at the first visit and 2 weeks, 3 months and 6 months after treatment were recorded. The CBCT data of the patients in the experimental and control groups were collected, and the three-dimensional CBCT image sequences were imported into Mimics Medical 19.0 software in DICOM format for condylar reconstruction.

Results

The VAS scores at 2 weeks, 3 months and 6 months after treatment were significantly lower in the experimental group than in the control group (P < 0.05), and the pain in the experimental group was significantly relieved. The Di was significantly lower in the experimental group than in the control group (P < 0.05), and the clinical function of the TMJ improved. After treatment, the CBCT score was significantly lower in the experimental group than in the control group (P < 0.05), and the condylar bone cortex was obviously repaired. Observation of the condylar bone cortex by three-dimensional reconstruction showed the same results as those obtained by CBCT.

Conclusion

CGF combined with SH is effective in the treatment of TMJOA and can improve muscle pain, TMJ pain, Impaired TMJ function, Impaired range of movement, Pain on movement of the mandible and promote bone repair.

The registration number (TRN)

ChiCTR2400082712.

The date of registration

April 5, 2024.
Nursing faculty development program for digital teaching competence
Authors: Shon Soonyoung , Shin Hyunsook , Rim Dahae , Jeon Hyejin
Published: May 2024

Background

Nursing faculties need to develop digital competencies to effectively use information, communication, and technology-based nursing education.

Purpose

The study aimed to develop and apply a theory-guided faculty development program on digital teaching competencies.

Methods

A faculty development program was developed. Between March and April 2020, three five-hour web workshops participated by ninety-three faculty members were held. The program was assessed via mixed methods, combining satisfaction surveys post-workshop with content analysis of open-ended questionnaires to gauge participant evaluation of program content and learning experience.

Results

Participants were highly satisfied with the program contents and their opportunity for integrating digital technology into education and improving faculty proficiency in digital teaching technology.

Conclusions

The program provides faculties with the self-confidence and essential skills to teach students using information, communication, and technology-based nursing education by enhancing their digital teaching competencies. It is critical to integrate both digital proficiency and nursing practice education.
Does health voucher intervention increase antenatal consultations and skilled birth attendances in Cameroon? Results from an interrupted time series analysis
Authors: Sieleunou Isidore , Enok Bonong Roland Pascal
Published: May 2024

Background

Limited access to health services during the antenatal period and during childbirth, due to financial barriers, is an obstacle to reducing maternal and child mortality. To improve the use of health services in the three regions of Cameroon, which have the worst reproductive, maternal, neonatal, child and adolescent health indicators, a health voucher project aiming to reduce financial barriers has been progressively implemented since 2015 in these three regions. Our research aimed to assess the impact of the voucher scheme on first antenatal consultation (ANC) and skilled birth attendance (SBA).

Methods

Routine aggregated data by month over the period January 2013 to May 2018 for each of the 33 and 37 health facilities included in the study sample were used to measure the effect of the voucher project on the first ANC and SBA, respectively. We estimated changes attributable to the intervention in terms of the levels of outcome indicators immediately after the start of the project and over time using an interrupted time series regression. A meta-analysis was used to obtain the overall estimates.

Results

Overall, the voucher project contributed to an immediate and statistically significant increase, one month after the start of the project, in the monthly number of ANCs (by 26%) and the monthly number of SBAs (by 57%). Compared to the period before the start of the project, a statistically significant monthly increase was observed during the project implementation for SBAs but not for the first ANCs. The results at the level of health facilities (HFs) were mixed. Some HFs experienced an improvement, while others were faced with the status quo or a decrease.

Conclusions

Unlike SBAs, the voucher project in Cameroon had mixed results in improving first ANCs. These limited effects were likely the consequence of poor design and implementation challenges.
Rutinosides-derived from Sarocladium strictum 6-O-α-rhamnosyl-β-glucosidase show enhanced anti-tumoral activity in pancreatic cancer cells
Authors: Weiz Gisela , González Alina L. , Mansilla Iara S. , Fernandez-Zapico Martín E. , Molejón María I. , Breccia Javier D.
Published: May 2024

Background

Low targeting efficacy and high toxicity continue to be challenges in Oncology. A promising strategy is the glycosylation of chemotherapeutic agents to improve their pharmacodynamics and anti-tumoral activity. Herein, we provide evidence of a novel approach using diglycosidases from fungi of the Hypocreales order to obtain novel rutinose-conjugates therapeutic agents with enhanced anti-tumoral capacity.

Results

Screening for diglycosidase activity in twenty-eight strains of the genetically related genera Acremonium and Sarocladium identified 6-O-α-rhamnosyl-β-glucosidase (αRβG) of Sarocladium strictum DMic 093557 as candidate enzyme for our studies. Biochemically characterization shows that αRβG has the ability to transglycosylate bulky OH-acceptors, including bioactive compounds. Interestingly, rutinoside-derivatives of phloroglucinol (PR) resorcinol (RR) and 4-methylumbelliferone (4MUR) displayed higher growth inhibitory activity on pancreatic cancer cells than the respective aglycones without significant affecting normal pancreatic epithelial cells. PR exhibited the highest efficacy with an IC50 of 0.89 mM, followed by RR with an IC50 of 1.67 mM, and 4MUR with an IC50 of 2.4 mM, whereas the respective aglycones displayed higher IC50 values: 4.69 mM for phloroglucinol, 5.90 mM for resorcinol, and 4.8 mM for 4-methylumbelliferone. Further, glycoconjugates significantly sensitized pancreatic cancer cells to the standard of care chemotherapy agent gemcitabine.

Conclusions

αRβG from S. strictum transglycosylate-based approach to synthesize rutinosides represents a suitable option to enhance the anti-proliferative effect of bioactive compounds. This finding opens up new possibilities for developing more effective therapies for pancreatic cancer and other solid malignancies.
Pseudorabies virus UL38 attenuates the cGAS-STING signaling pathway by recruiting Tollip to promote STING for autophagy degradation
Authors: Yan Zhenfang , Xie Jingying , Hou Zhengyang , Zhang Yaxin , Yue Jiayu , Zhang Xiangbo , Chen Lei , Yang Yanmei , Li Xiangrong , Li Huixia , Feng Ruofei
Published: May 2024

Natural immunity is the first defense line of the host immune system, which plays a significant role in combating foreign pathogenic microorganisms. The IFN-β (interferon-beta) signaling pathway, being a typical example of innate immunity, plays a vital function. This study aimed to elucidate the function of pseudorabies virus (PRV) UL38 protein (unique long region 38) in suppressing the activation of the IFN-β signaling pathway. The findings from our study indicate that the PRV UL38 protein effectively hampers the activation of IFN-β by poly (dA: dT) (poly(deoxyadenylic-deoxythymidylic)) and 2’3’-cGAMP (2’-3’-cyclic GMP-AMP). Furthermore, UL38 exhibits spatial co-localization with STING (stimulator of interferon genes) and effectively hinders STING dimerization. Subsequently, STING was downgraded to suppress the production of IFN-β and ISGs (interferon stimulated genes). Immunoprecipitation analysis revealed that the interaction between UL38 and STING, which subsequently initiated the degradation of STING via selective autophagy mediated by TOLLIP (toll interacting protein). To summarize, this research elucidates the function of UL38 in counteracting the cGAS (cGAMP synthase)-STING-induced IFN-β pathway. The PRV UL38 protein may attenuate the activation of IFN-β as a means of regulating the virus’s persistence in the host.
The impact of mindfulness therapy combined with mentalization-based family therapy on suicidal ideation in adolescents with depressive disorder: randomized intervention study
Authors: Fan Xiao-Fen , Peng Ju-Yi , Zhang Li , Hu Ya-Li , Li Yan , Shi Yue , Zhang Tian-Mei
Published: May 2024

Background

Adolescents with depression who engage in non-suicidal self harming behaviors are more likely to adopt negative coping strategies when faced with negative events. Therefore, these patients should be introduced to positive coping strategies. Evidences have showed that mindfulness-based interventions can positively impact the psychology of patients with mental disorders. This study was to explore the impact of a combination of mindfulness therapy and mentalization-based family therapy (MBFT) on suicidal ideation in adolescents with depressive disorder.

Methods

Eighty adolescent patients with depression and suicidal ideation admitted to our hospital from September 2021 to February 2022 were selected as subjects. They were divided into a control group and a study group using the random number table method, with each group comprising 40 subjects. The control group received MBFT, whereas the study group received both mindfulness therapy and MBFT. The psychological status and suicidal ideations of the two groups were compared before and after the intervention.

Results

The psychological health scores of both groups of patients were lower after the intervention, with the scores of the study group being lower than those of the control group (P < 0.05). The scores on the suicidal ideation scales for both groups were lower after intervention, and the study group scored lower than the control group (P < 0.05). The absolute values of the differences in psychological health scale scores and suicidal ideation scale scores before and after the intervention were higher in the study group than in the control group (P < 0.05).

Conclusion

The combination of mindfulness therapy and MBFT can improve the psychological condition of adolescents with depression, reduce their suicidal ideations, and help them develop a healthy and positive outlook toward life, making this method worthy of clinical recommendation.
Blockade of histamine receptor H1 augments immune checkpoint therapy by enhancing MHC-I expression in pancreatic cancer cells
Authors: Zhong PingShan , Nakata Kohei , Oyama Koki , Higashijima Nobuhiro , Sagara Akiko , Date Satomi , Luo HaiZhen , Hayashi Masataka , Kubo Akihiro , Wu ChenYi , He Shan , Yamamoto Takeo , Koikawa Kazuhiro , Iwamoto Chika , Abe Toshiya , Ikenaga Naoki , Ohuchida Kenoki , Morisaki Takashi , Oda Yoshinao , Kuba Keiji , Nakamura Masafumi
Published: May 2024

Background

Although immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy has proven to be extremely effective at managing certain cancers, its efficacy in treating pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has been limited. Therefore, enhancing the effect of ICB could improve the prognosis of PDAC. In this study, we focused on the histamine receptor H1 (HRH1) and investigated its impact on ICB therapy for PDAC.

Methods

We assessed HRH1 expression in pancreatic cancer cell (PCC) specimens from PDAC patients through public data analysis and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining. The impact of HRH1 in PCCs was evaluated using HRH1 antagonists and small hairpin RNA (shRNA). Techniques including Western blot, flow cytometry, quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and microarray analyses were performed to identify the relationships between HRH1 and major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) expression in cancer cells. We combined HRH1 antagonism or knockdown with anti-programmed death receptor 1 (αPD-1) therapy in orthotopic models, employing IHC, immunofluorescence, and hematoxylin and eosin staining for assessment.

Results

HRH1 expression in cancer cells was negatively correlated with HLA-ABC expression, CD8+ T cells, and cytotoxic CD8+ T cells. Our findings indicate that HRH1 blockade upregulates MHC-I expression in PCCs via cholesterol biosynthesis signaling. In the orthotopic model, the combined inhibition of HRH1 and αPD-1 blockade enhanced cytotoxic CD8+ T cell penetration and efficacy, overcoming resistance to ICB therapy.

Conclusions

HRH1 plays an immunosuppressive role in cancer cells. Consequently, HRH1 intervention may be a promising method to amplify the responsiveness of PDAC to immunotherapy.
CD163+ macrophages in the triple-negative breast tumor microenvironment are associated with improved survival in the Women’s Circle of Health Study and the Women’s Circle of Health Follow-Up Study
Authors: Omilian Angela R. , Cannioto Rikki , Mendicino Lucas , Stein Leighton , Bshara Wiam , Qin Bo , Bandera Elisa V. , Zeinomar Nur , Abrams Scott I. , Hong Chi-Chen , Yao Song , Khoury Thaer , Ambrosone Christine B.
Published: May 2024

Background

Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are a prominent immune subpopulation in the tumor microenvironment that could potentially serve as therapeutic targets for breast cancer. Thus, it is important to characterize this cell population across different tumor subtypes including patterns of association with demographic and prognostic factors, and breast cancer outcomes.

Methods

We investigated CD163+ macrophages in relation to clinicopathologic variables and breast cancer outcomes in the Women’s Circle of Health Study and Women’s Circle of Health Follow-up Study populations of predominantly Black women with breast cancer. We evaluated 611 invasive breast tumor samples (507 from Black women, 104 from White women) with immunohistochemical staining of tissue microarray slides followed by digital image analysis. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios for overall survival (OS) and breast cancer-specific survival (BCSS) for 546 cases with available survival data (median follow-up time 9.68 years (IQR: 7.43–12.33).

Results

Women with triple-negative breast cancer showed significantly improved OS in relation to increased levels of tumor-infiltrating CD163+ macrophages in age-adjusted (Q3 vs. Q1: HR = 0.36; 95% CI 0.16–0.83) and fully adjusted models (Q3 vs. Q1: HR = 0.30; 95% CI 0.12–0.73). A similar, but non-statistically significant, association was observed for BCSS. Macrophage infiltration in luminal and HER2+ tumors was not associated with OS or BCSS. In a multivariate regression model that adjusted for age, subtype, grade, and tumor size, there was no significant difference in CD163+ macrophage density between Black and White women (RR = 0.88; 95% CI 0.71–1.10).

Conclusions

In contrast to previous studies, we observed that higher densities of CD163+ macrophages are independently associated with improved OS and BCSS in women with invasive triple-negative breast cancer.

Trial registration

Not applicable.
Unfolding the ventral nerve center of chaetognaths
Authors: Ordoñez June F. , Wollesen Tim
Published: May 2024

Background

Chaetognaths are a clade of marine worm-like invertebrates with a heavily debated phylogenetic position. Their nervous system superficially resembles the protostome type, however, knowledge regarding the molecular processes involved in neurogenesis is lacking. To better understand these processes, we examined the expression profiles of marker genes involved in bilaterian neurogenesis during post-embryonic stages of Spadella cephaloptera. We also investigated whether the transcription factor encoding genes involved in neural patterning are regionally expressed in a staggered fashion along the mediolateral axis of the nerve cord as it has been previously demonstrated in selected vertebrate, insect, and annelid models.

Methods

The expression patterns of genes involved in neural differentiation (elav), neural patterning (foxA, nkx2.2, pax6, pax3/7, and msx), and neuronal function (ChAT and VAChT) were examined in S. cephaloptera hatchlings and early juveniles using whole-mount fluorescent in situ hybridization and confocal microscopy.

Results

The Sce-elav+ profile of S. cephaloptera hatchlings reveals that, within 24 h of post-embryonic development, the developing neural territories are not limited to the regions previously ascribed to the cerebral ganglion, the ventral nerve center (VNC), and the sensory organs, but also extend to previously unreported CNS domains that likely contribute to the ventral cephalic ganglia. In general, the neural patterning genes are expressed in distinct neural subpopulations of the cerebral ganglion and the VNC in hatchlings, eventually becoming broadly expressed with reduced intensity throughout the CNS in early juveniles. Neural patterning gene expression domains are also present outside the CNS, including the digestive tract and sensory organs. ChAT and VAChT domains within the CNS are predominantly observed in specific subpopulations of the VNC territory adjacent to the ventral longitudinal muscles in hatchlings.

Conclusions

The observed spatial expression domains of bilaterian neural marker gene homologs in S. cephaloptera suggest evolutionarily conserved roles in neurogenesis for these genes among bilaterians. Patterning genes expressed in distinct regions of the VNC do not show a staggered medial-to-lateral expression profile directly superimposable to other bilaterian models. Only when the VNC is conceptually laterally unfolded from the longitudinal muscle into a flat structure, an expression pattern bearing resemblance to the proposed conserved bilaterian mediolateral regionalization becomes noticeable. This finding supports the idea of an ancestral mediolateral patterning of the trunk nervous system in bilaterians.
Comparative profiling of microbial communities and volatile organic compounds in fermented wrapper, binder, and filler cigar tobaccos
Authors: Zhang Mingzhu , Guo Dongfeng , Wang Haiqing , Wu Guanglong , Shi Yaqi , Zhou Jinlong , Zheng Tianfei , Zhao Eryong , Wu Xiaolei , Li Xingjiang
Published: May 2024

Background

Economic benefits for tobacco growers are closely linked to the quality of fermented cigar tobacco leaves (CTLs). This research focused on an in-depth examination of the microbial community and flavor compounds within CTLs, specifically analyzing the wrapper, binder, and filler components of a cigar. The primary objective was to unravel the complex relationship between the microbial composition and the resultant flavor profiles, thereby providing insights that could enhance the economic value of CTLs.

Results

The study revealed distinct variations in flavor chemicals and microbiota across different sections of CTLs. Prominent species identified in the fermented CTLs included Corynebacterium, Pseudomonas, Staphylococcus, Aspergillus, and Cladosporium. Bidirectional orthogonal partial least squares (O2PLS) analysis pinpointed five bacterial and four fungal species as key contributors to flavor compound formation. Additionally, an analysis considering Within-module and Among-module connectivity highlighted two bacterial and thirteen fungal genera as keystone species. The insights from Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) further underscored the influential role of fungal microorganisms in defining CTLs' flavor profile.

Conclusions

The research findings illuminate the intricate interplay between flavor chemicals and microbes in the traditional fermentation process of CTLs.

Graphical Abstract
Breaking Ground in Recurrent or Metastatic Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Novel Therapies Beyond PD-L1 Immunotherapy
Authors: Rosenberg Ari J. , Perez Cesar A. , Guo Wenji , de Oliveira Novaes Jose Monteiro , da Silva Reis Kamilla F. Oliveira , McGarrah Patrick W. , Price Katharine A.R.
Published: May 2024

The treatment for recurrent/metastatic (R/M) head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) with immune checkpoint inhibitors (anti-PD1) with or without chemotherapy has led to an improvement in survival. Yet, despite this therapeutic advancement, only 15%-19% of patients remain alive at four years, highlighting the poor survival and unmet need for improved therapies for this patient population. Some of the key evolving novel therapeutics beyond anti-PD1 in R/M HNSCC have included therapeutic vaccine therapies, bispecific antibodies/fusion proteins and multitargeted kinase inhibitors, and antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs). Multiple concurrent investigations of novel therapeutics for patients with R/M HNSCC beyond anti-PD(L)1 inhibition are currently underway with some promising early results. Beyond immune checkpoint inhibition, novel immunotherapeutic strategies including therapeutic vaccines ranging from targeting human papillomavirus–specific epitopes to personalized neoantigen vaccines are ongoing with some early efficacy signals and large, randomized trials. Other novel weapons including bispecific antibodies, fusion proteins, and multitargeted kinase inhibitors leverage multiple concurrent targets and modulation of the tumor microenvironment to harness antitumor immunity and inhibition of protumorigenic signaling pathways with emerging promising results. Finally, as with other solid tumors, ADCs remain a promising therapeutic intervention either alone or in combination with immunotherapy for patients with R/M HNSCC. With early enthusiasm across novel therapies in R/M HNSCC, results of larger randomized trials in R/M HNSCC are eagerly awaited.
Testosterone Therapy Does Not Affect Coagulation in Male Hypogonadism: A Longitudinal Study Based on Thrombin Generation
Authors: Lanzi Valeria , Indirli Rita , Tripodi Armando , Clerici Marigrazia , Bonomi Marco , Cangiano Biagio , Petria Iulia , Arosio Maura , Mantovani Giovanna , Ferrante Emanuele
Published: May 2024

Context

Testosterone therapy has been variably associated with increased thrombotic risk but investigations of global coagulation in this setting are lacking.

Objective

This work aimed to compare global coagulation of hypogonadal men before (T0) and 6 months after (T1) starting testosterone replacement therapy (TRT), and healthy controls (HCs).

Methods

An observational prospective cohort study was conducted at 2 tertiary endocrinological ambulatory care centers. Patients included 38 men with hypogonadism (mean age 55 years, SD 13) and 38 age-matched HCs. Thrombin generation assay (TGA) was performed at T0 and T1 in hypogonadal men and in HCs. TGA is an in vitro procedure based on the continuous registration of thrombin generation and decay under conditions mimicking the process that occurs in vivo. The following TGA parameters were recorded: lag time; thrombin-peak concentration; time-to-reach peak, velocity index, and endogenous thrombin potential (ETP), the latter representing the total amount of thrombin generated under the driving forces of procoagulants opposed by the anticoagulants. Protein C, antithrombin, factor (F) VIII, and fibrinogen were assessed.

Results

No changes in TGA parameters were observed between T0 and T1. Hypogonadal men displayed significantly higher ETP, fibrinogen, and significantly lower antithrombin levels both at T0 and T1 compared to HCs. Thrombin peak of hypogonadal men was significantly higher than HCs at T0 but not at T1. ETP and antithrombin were correlated with testosterone levels.

Conclusion

Hypogonadal men display a procoagulant imbalance detected by increased thrombin generation. Short-term TRT does not worsen global coagulation, suggesting that the treatment can be safely prescribed to men diagnosed with hypogonadism.
Exome Sequencing Has a High Diagnostic Rate in Sporadic Congenital Hypopituitarism and Reveals Novel Candidate Genes
Authors: Martinez-Mayer Julian , Vishnopolska Sebastian , Perticarari Catalina , Iglesias Garcia Lucia , Hackbartt Martina , Martinez Marcela , Zaiat Jonathan , Jacome-Alvarado Andrea , Braslavsky Debora , Keselman Ana , Bergadá Ignacio , Marino Roxana , Ramírez Pablo , Pérez Garrido Natalia , Ciaccio Marta , Di Palma Maria Isabel , Belgorosky Alicia , Forclaz Maria Veronica , Benzrihen Gabriela , D'Amato Silvia , Cirigliano Maria Lujan , Miras Mirta , Paez Nuñez Alejandra , Castro Laura , Mallea-Gil Maria Susana , Ballarino Carolina , Latorre-Villacorta Laura , Casiello Ana Clara , Hernandez Claudia , Figueroa Veronica , Alonso Guillermo , Morin Analia , Guntsche Zelmira , Lee Hane , Lee Eugene , Song Yongjun , Marti Marcelo Adrian , Perez-Millan Maria Ines
Published: May 2024

Context

The pituitary gland is key for childhood growth, puberty, and metabolism. Pituitary dysfunction is associated with a spectrum of phenotypes, from mild to severe. Congenital hypopituitarism (CH) is the most commonly reported pediatric endocrine dysfunction, with an incidence of 1:4000, yet low rates of genetic diagnosis have been reported.

Objective

We aimed to unveil the genetic etiology of CH in a large cohort of patients from Argentina.

Methods

We performed whole exome sequencing of 137 unrelated cases of CH, the largest cohort examined with this method to date.

Results

Of the 137 cases, 19.1% and 16% carried pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants in known and new genes, respectively, while 28.2% carried variants of uncertain significance. This high yield was achieved through the integration of broad gene panels (genes described in animal models and/or other disorders), an unbiased candidate gene screen with a new bioinformatics pipeline (including genes with high loss-of-function intolerance), and analysis of copy number variants. Three novel findings emerged. First, the most prevalent affected gene encodes the cell adhesion factor ROBO1. Affected children had a spectrum of phenotypes, consistent with a role beyond pituitary stalk interruption syndrome. Second, we found that CHD7 mutations also produce a phenotypic spectrum, not always associated with full CHARGE syndrome. Third, we add new evidence of pathogenicity in the genes PIBF1 and TBC1D32, and report 13 novel candidate genes associated with CH (eg, PTPN6, ARID5B).

Conclusion

Overall, these results provide an unprecedented insight into the diverse genetic etiology of hypopituitarism.
The National Cancer Database Conforms to the Standardized Framework for Registry and Data Quality
Authors: Palis Bryan E. , Janczewski Lauren M. , Browner Amanda E. , Cotler Joseph , Nogueira Leticia , Richardson Lisa C. , Benard Vicki , Wilson Reda J. , Walker Nadine , McCabe Ryan M. , Boffa Daniel J. , Nelson Heidi
Published: May 2024

Background

Standardization of procedures for data abstraction by cancer registries is fundamental for cancer surveillance, clinical and policy decision-making, hospital benchmarking, and research efforts. The objective of the current study was to evaluate adherence to the four components (completeness, comparability, timeliness, and validity) defined by Bray and Parkin that determine registries’ ability to carry out these activities to the hospital-based National Cancer Database (NCDB).

Methods

Tbis study used data from U.S. Cancer Statistics, the official federal cancer statistics and joint effort between the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the National Cancer Institute (NCI), which includes data from National Program of Cancer Registries (NPCR) and Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) to evaluate NCDB completeness between 2016 and 2020. The study evaluated comparability of case identification and coding procedures. It used Commission on Cancer (CoC) standards from 2022 to assess timeliness and validity.

Results

Completeness was demonstrated with a total of 6,828,507 cases identified within the NCDB, representing 73.7% of all cancer cases nationwide. Comparability was followed using standardized and international guidelines on coding and classification procedures. For timeliness, hospital compliance with timely data submission was 92.7%. Validity criteria for re-abstracting, recording, and reliability procedures across hospitals demonstrated 94.2% compliance. Additionally, data validity was shown by a 99.1% compliance with histologic verification standards, a 93.6% assessment of pathologic synoptic reporting, and a 99.1% internal consistency of staff credentials.

Conclusion

The NCDB is characterized by a high level of case completeness and comparability with uniform standards for data collection, and by hospitals with high compliance, timely data submission, and high rates of compliance with validity standards for registry and data quality evaluation.
Functional analysis of the zinc finger modules of theSaccharomyces cerevisiaesplicing factor Luc7
Authors: Carrocci Tucker J. , DeMario Samuel , He Kevin , Zeps Natalie J. , Harkner Cade T. , Chanfreau Guillaume F. , Hoskins Aaron A.
Published: May 2024

Identification of splice sites is a critical step in pre-messenger RNA (pre-mRNA) splicing because the definition of the exon/intron boundaries controls what nucleotides are incorporated into mature mRNAs. The intron boundary with the upstream exon is initially identified through interactions with the U1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (snRNP). This involves both base-pairing between the U1 snRNA and the pre-mRNA as well as snRNP proteins interacting with the 5′ splice site (5′ss)/snRNA duplex. In yeast, this duplex is buttressed by two conserved protein factors, Yhc1 and Luc7. Luc7 has three human paralogs (LUC7L, LUC7L2, and LUC7L3), which play roles in alternative splicing. What domains of these paralogs promote splicing at particular sites is not yet clear. Here, we humanized the zinc finger (ZnF) domains of the yeast Luc7 protein in order to understand their roles in splice site selection using reporter assays, transcriptome analysis, and genetic interactions. Although we were unable to determine a function for the first ZnF domain, humanization of the second ZnF domain to mirror that found in LUC7L or LUC7L2 resulted in altered usage of nonconsensus 5′ss. In contrast, the corresponding ZnF domain of LUC7L3 could not support yeast viability. Further, humanization of Luc7 can suppress mutation of the ATPase Prp28, which is involved in U1 release and exchange for U6 at the 5′ss. Our work reveals a role for the second ZnF of Luc7 in splice site selection and suggests that different ZnF domains may have different ATPase requirements for release by Prp28.
«Αυτή η ταινία μού ‘τρύπησε την καρδιά’»: Η αξιοποίηση του κινηματογράφου στην τριτοβάθμια εκπαίδευση
Authors: Μάγος Κώστας , Χανιωτάκης Νίκος
Published: May 2024

Οι κινηματογραφικές ταινίες μπορεί να αποτελέσουν ένα αποτελεσματικό εργαλείο για τους εκπαιδευτικούς, καθώς μπορούν να υποστηρίξουν την διδασκαλία πολλών και διαφορετικών γνωστικών αντικειμένων του αναλυτικού προγράμματος. Συγχρόνως, η προβολή ταινιών δημιουργεί ένα ευχάριστο περιβάλλον για την εξέλιξη της διδακτικής διαδικασίας και της επικοινωνίας μεταξύ εκπαιδευτικών και μαθητών. Στο ίδιο πλαίσιο μπορεί να λειτουργήσει η προβολή ταινιών και στην εκπαίδευση των υποψήφιων εκπαιδευτικών. Ιδιαίτερα η αξιοποίηση ταινιών οι οποίες αφορούν σε εκπαιδευτικά ζητήματα μπορεί να βοηθήσει τους υποψήφιους εκπαιδευτικούς να γνωρίσουν και να στοχασθούν σχετικά με διαφορετικές διαστάσεις της εκπαίδευσης. Το παρόν άρθρο περιγράφει την επίδραση που είχε σε υποψήφιους εκπαιδευτικούς η προβολή της ιρανικής ταινίας «Τα παιδιά του παραδείσου» στο πλαίσιο του μαθήματος «Η εκπαίδευση στον κινηματογράφο», το οποίο διδάσκεται σε δύο παιδαγωγικάτμήματα του Πανεπιστημίου Θεσσαλίας.
Ανάλυση λόγου ως εργαλείου ανάλυσης κινηματογραφικών κειμένων στην διαπολιτισμική εκπαίδευση
Authors: Σοφός Αλιβίζος
Published: May 2024

Στο παρόν άρθρο αναφερόμαστε στην ανάλυση λόγου ως εργαλείο διερεύνησης αναπαραστάσεων που κατασκευάζονται μέσα από κινηματογραφικές ταινίες. Η προσέγγιση αυτή στηρίζεται στη θεωρία του Λόγου για την ανάλυση μυθοπλαστικών κειμένων και στην προσέγγιση του Foucault, όπως έχει συστηματοποιηθεί από τον Δοξιάδη. Το άρθρο χωρίζεται σε δύο μέρη. Στο πρώτο σκιαγραφείται σύντομα η ανάλυση του Λόγου και στο δεύτερο μέρος παρουσιάζεται ένα παράδειγμα εφαρμογής της προσέγγισης αυτής, όπως έχει διατυπωθεί από τον Κοσμά (2015). Ακολουθούν τέλος τα συμπεράσματα, αναφορικά με την χρησιμότητα και την παιδαγωγική αξιοποίηση της προσέγγισης αυτής στο πλαίσιο της διαπολιτισμικής εκπαίδευσης
To μουσικό βίντεο «Απόκληρος» ως διδακτικό εργαλείο ευαισθητοποίησης στο πλαίσιο της διαπολιτισμικής εκπαίδευσης
Authors: Χατζής Αθανάσιος , Ινδοπούλου Νικολέτα , Σοφός Αλιβίζος
Published: May 2024

Γενικός στόχο του παρόντος άρθρου αποτελεί η διερεύνηση της εκπαιδευτικής ταινίας με τίτλο «Ο Απόκληρος», που δημιουργήθηκε στο πλαίσιο του «ΠΜΣ Εκπαίδευση με Χρήση Νέων Τεχνολογιών». Η ταινία, η οποία ανήκει στο είδος του μουσικού βίντεο κλιπ, πραγματεύεται το θέμα των ασυνόδευτων ανήλικων μέσα από τα μάτια ενός παιδιού πρόσφυγα. Επιμέρους στόχο, αποτελεί η δημιουργία διαθεματικών δραστηριοτήτων βασισμένων στη ταινία, μέσα από τις οποίες οι εκπαιδευόμενοι θα έχουν τη δυνατότητα να προσεγγίσουν έτι περισσότερο το φαινόμενο των ασυνόδευτων ανηλίκων στον ελλαδικό χώρο. Παράλληλα, θα αναφερθούμε στον εκπαιδευτικό σχεδιασμό καθώς και στην διαδικασία παραγωγής της ταινίας. Πιο συγκεκριμένα, θα παρουσιάσουμε τους συμμετέχοντες, τον χρόνο και τα μέσα παραγωγής, τα λογισμικά επεξεργασίας βίντεο που χρησιμοποιήθηκαν, καθώς επίσης και ορισμένα τυπικά προβλήματα που ανέκυψαν στο στάδιο της παραγωγής. Καταληκτικά, παρατηρήσαμε ότι το μουσικό βίντεο του «Απόκληρου», αν και αρχικά δημιουργήθηκε με εστίαση στο φαινόμενο των ασυνόδευτων ανήλικων, εντέλει μας παρείχε την δυνατότητα να προσεγγίσουμε περισσότερα και ευρύτερα ζητήματα, όπως η κοινωνική πρόνοια, η αδιαφορία του κόσμου για τα παιδιά που ζητιανεύουν, η εκμετάλλευση των παιδιών (παιδική εργασία) και το οργανωμένο έγκλημα (αρπαγές ασυνόδευτων παιδιών).
Παιδαγωγική αξιοποίηση κινηματογραφικής ταινίας και βίντεο στην εκπαιδευτική διαδικασία
Authors: Σοφός Αλιβίζος
Published: May 2024

Το ενδιαφέρον του άρθρου εστιάζεται στην πρακτική αξιοποίηση της ταινίας και του βίντεο στην εκπαιδευτική διαδικασία. Σε αυτό παρουσιάζονται πέντε πρακτικές ανάλυσης οπτικοακουστικών κειμένων που βασίζονται στη διεθνή βιβλιογραφία: 1. ο οπτικοακουστικός διάλογος, 2. η δεξαμενή ιδεών, 3. η ανάλυση οπτικοακουστικού περιεχομένου σε μικτές ομάδες εργασίας, 4 η ανάλυση περιεχομένου σε επάλληλους κύκλους εργασίας και 5. η ανάλυση κινηματογραφικής ταινίας σε ομάδες.
Πτυχές του υλικού εξ αποστάσεως εκπαίδευσης με έμφαση στους πόρους ταινιών
Authors: Maniatis Antoine
Published: May 2024

The current study focuses on various actual aspects of didactic material, which could be used in the framework of open and distance education, emphasizing film resources and more generally images. On the one hand, Internet, mainly Youtube, has well promoted video as a means of expression, video managed to promote various fundamental rights, such as the rights to recreation, research and education. Documentaries constitute an important tool in the educational proceeding whilst didactisation constitutes a wider proceeding, related to teaching procedures which introduce documents coming from various sources. On the other hand, a branch of law has emerged in the digital era, consisting in personal data law. At least in France, the right to image is an autonomous right in comparison with the right to privacy, in spite of the fact that its explicit consecration in Civil Code has been removed. The current research is completed by an approach relevant to the creation of alternative teaching material on open and distance learning, including inter alia a didactic documentary.
Πρόσφυγες ή μετανάστες; Αναπαραστάσεις των προσφυγικών ροών από τους μελλοντικούς εκπαιδευτικούς
Authors: Γκότοβου Αναστασία
Published: May 2024

Flows of refugee populations into a country usually create a de facto religious, ethnic, linguistic or cultural diversity which eventually has its impact on the host country’s educational system. Objectively existing heterogeneity does not mean, however, that the host country population automatically adopts a positive attitude towards this change and that it endorses without reservations or reactions the official  narrative of the value and usefulness of a multicultural society. The positive attitudes of political formations, scientific unions, intellectuals, artists and other influential authorities in the public sphere may contribute to the development of a climate of acceptance of the "other", but the course of the narrative of multiculturalism from its exponents to the wider social body  should not be considered linear. Of particular interest are the perceptions of future teachers about the motives behind the refugee flows to the host country. This paper presents and discusses some of the results of an empirical study on a sample of 297 students of educational faculties / future teachers on the motivations of refugees to cross the borders. The central question this article attempts to answer is (a) whether the new generation of teachers sees behind the refugee flows individuals who move because they are in danger (refugees) or persons who attempt to improve their economic life conditions (migrants), and (b) whether this perception has an impact on the degree of endorsing multiculturalism on their part as a positive social model.
Μια απόπειρα διαλογικής ανάγνωσης
Authors: Σκούρτου Ελένη
Published: May 2024

Μια προσπάθεια συστηματοποίησης των θεμάτων που τίθενται στον Διάλογο...
Χατζηδάκη, Ασπασία (2020). Διδάσκοντας δίγλωσσα παιδιά Θεωρητικά ζητήματα και εκπαιδευτικές προσεγγίσεις, Αθήνα: Πεδίο
Authors: Σκούρτου Ελένη
Published: May 2024

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New records of pyrenocarpous lichens from the Philippines
Authors: Taer Ermalene C. , Dal Forno Manuela , Aptroot André , Moncada Bibiana , Amoroso Victor B. , Coritico Fulgent P.
Published: May 2024

Pyrenocarpous lichens are an important component of the forest ecosystem, yet remain understudied. Following the recent field surveys of the lichen biota in Mt. Musuan, four pyrenolichen species previously unreported from the Philippines were collected, namely: Porina exocha, Pyrenula pyrenuloides, P. subsoluta, and Nigrovothelium inspersotropicum. Each species is briefly described with morphology and chemistry, distribution, ecology, notes, and illustrations. These collections underscore the need for expanded research attention to fully catalogue the lichen diversity in the Philippines.
M. Słupczewski, Wnioskowanie per analogiam w prawie podatkowym, Wolters Kluwer, Warszawa 2022, ISBN 978-83-8328-722-5, s. 335
Authors: Brzeziński Bogumił
Published: May 2024

Książka Marka Słupczewskiego Wnioskowanie per analogiam w prawie podatkowym jest interesującą i wartościową zarazem próbą naukowej analizy jednej z metod wykładni prawa, tj. wykładni per analogiam. Autor w swojej książce przedstawia zarówno ogólne założenia oraz ideologię wykładni prawa per analogiam, jak i specyfikę analogii przy rozwiązywaniu dylematów interpretacyjnych na gruncie prawa podatkowego. Jest to pierwsza w polskiej literaturę podatkowoprawnej monografia poświęcona tej problematyce.
El discurso de la mujer en el ámbito profesional y social
Authors: Brenes Peña Ester , Fuentes Rodríguez Catalina
Published: May 2024

El género constituye un factor que afecta a la comunicación, pero interactúa con muchos otros y el analista debe dar cuenta de esta realidad múltiple. La mujer es líder en diversos campos y para ello, como profesional capacitada, utiliza todos los medios a su alcance para configurar su comunicación en función de lo que exige la situación. Dominar el juego de imágenes y creación de identidades es fundamental en los diferentes contextos en los que se maneja. El volumen pretende abordar todos estos aspectos desde varios enfoques metodológicos: historiografía, análisis del discurso ideológico, sociopragmática (teoría de la imagen social), análisis crítico del discurso o sociolingüística. Asimismo, investiga la conexión entre cambio lingüístico y cambio social; de este modo, a partir de estudios empíricos, aborda el discurso femenino de manera objetiva y sin prejuicios, evidenciando la inconsistencia de los estereotipos que ligan a la mujer a la inseguridad discursiva.
La cuarta revolución industrial: conceptos y principales tecnologías
Authors: Ramírez Restrepo Álvaro
Published: May 2024

Las tecnologías de la cuarta revolución industrial están impactando fuertemente todos los sectores de la sociedad y han generado oportunidades y amenazas. Conocer su naturaleza, sus ventajas y sus desventajas permite su apropiación para beneficio de la Armada de la República de Colombia. En este capítulo se presenta la conceptualización sobre la cuarta revolución, una breve descripción de las tecnologías que la conforman y algunos ejemplos de aplicación en la Armada y, en general, en las Fuerzas Militares del país.
Redes neuronales artificiales: el aprendizaje de las máquinas
Authors: Zapata Garrido Luis Alberto
Published: May 2024

En la cuarta revolución industrial la integración de las máquinas con la cotidianidad es esencial para el desarrollo, por lo cual la fusión entre inteligencia artificial, robótica inteligente y redes neuronales artificiales es el punto inicial para la automatización de un sinnúmero de procesos que mejoran de manera significativa la calidad de vida. Las tareas que las máquinas o robots ejecutan de manera automática tienen como principal insumo grandes volúmenes de datos, por lo tanto, se hace necesario disponer de una capacidad de aprendizaje que les permita procesar la información para luego poder actuar de la manera más acertada frente a múltiples situaciones. A través de las redes neuronales artificiales es posible dotar a los sistemas de esa capacidad de aprendizaje necesaria para que los robots ejecuten tareas de manera precisa, óptima, veloz y con el mínimo de supervisión humana. En la Armada de la República de Colombia es posible que el aprendizaje tenga un enfoque hacia temas estratégicos, operativos, tácticos, logísticos y éticos, lo cual reduce tiempos de ejecución, optimiza la utilización de recursos y brinda una ventaja militar significativa.
Vehículos de superficie no tripulados: avance de la tecnología y su aplicación en la Armada de la República de Colombia
Authors: Cubides Garzón Daniel Mauricio , Ariza Zuluaga Manuel Alejandro
Published: May 2024

Los vehículos de superficie no tripulados son importantes para la seguridad, la defensa y la investigación. A su vez, contribuyen a conservar la integridad del operador frente al riesgo en misiones largas y tareas repetitivas y monótonas. En el presente capítulo se exponen los conceptos, la descripción, la clasificación, los tamaños, las funciones, el estado actual y algunos ejemplos de aplicación de esta tecnología en distintos países, así como su impacto en la Armada de la República de Colombia