bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Proposed Business Growth Strategy for an Advertising Production Company That Penetrates the Small and Medium-Sized Business Market in Jakarta: A Business Case, Rentjana
Authors: Cinthya Hanann
Published: July 2023

Rentjana, a single-person production house, is facing challenges in the advertising industry, primarily driven by intense competition and declining prices, resulting in reduced profitability and difficulties in acquiring customers. This study aims to analyse the advertising production house ecosystem, trends, and competition, with a focus on identifying challenges, opportunities, and successful business models for Rentjana. The research approach includes qualitative analysis using primary and secondary data sources, employing matrices such as VRIO analysis, value proposition, and the Ansoff matrix. Primary data will be collected through interviews, while secondary data will be obtained from relevant sources. The study proposes offering production packages with a complete concept to small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), aiming to enhance their product quality and differentiation through design, branding, production, and material selection. This approach facilitates the development of long-term partnerships, expands networks, and increases revenue for Rentjana. Flexibility in pricing is suggested to provide competitive yet profitable rates, giving Rentjana a distinctive advantage. Implementing lean production techniques will contribute to waste elimination, improved efficiency, employee engagement, and the effective utilisation of technology. The study also seeks to understand the role of online video advertising and address the challenges prevailing in the advertising industry.
Impacts of Business Architecture in the Context of Digital Transformation: An Empirical Study Using PLS-SEM Approach
Authors: O'Higgins Dennis
Published: July 2023

Despite the critical importance of Digital Transformation, up to 95% of initiatives fail to deliver expected business benefits. This paper explores the role of Business Architecture practices in enhancing digital transformation success. Using an adapted Balanced Scorecard approach and a Structural Equation Model (SEM), we analysed survey responses from 129 industry practitioners using a Partial Least Squares (PLS) approach. Our findings indicate that effective business architecture practices significantly improve business alignment, efficiency, service delivery, and strategic outcomes, leading to successful digital transformation. The study also validates factors proposed by AL-Malaise AL-Ghamdi (2017) in the context of digital transformation. The paper presents an adapted conceptual model addressing discriminant validity issues in previous models and benefiting from the robustness of the Balanced Scorecard approach. The study concludes by highlighting the essential role of business architecture in driving digital transformation success.
Fatty Acid Methyl Ester as an Additional Ingredient in Rice Husk Bio-Pellets to Improve Product Quality
Authors: Ahmad Rizal  , RUSDIANASARI  , Kalsum Leila
Published: July 2023

The depletion of fossil energy reserves and the emission of fossil energy which is not environmentally friendly causes the need to use renewable energy as an alternative. Biopellet is a biomass-based renewable energy in Indonesia. Bio-pellets are produced from a large biomass base. Thus, bio-pellets have the potential and promise to continue to be used as fuel by humans. The literature review covers the characteristics of rice husk bio-pellets and the application of bio-pellets as fuel with the addition of Fatty Acid Methyl Ester (FAME) as an additive to rice husk bio-pellets. Bio-pellets can be made by mixing biomass with an adhesive with a concentration of 15% (w/w), then stirring until homogeneous and put into a pellet mill to be printed. The pellets were dried in the oven for 30 minutes. Characteristically, bio-pellets meet SNI 8021-2014 for the parameters of ash content, fixed carbon content, calorific value, moisture content, and volatile matter content. Applying bio-pellets as a furnace also shows good performance of heat, efficiency, and emission parameters. In conclusion, biopellet is a biomass-based renewable energy fuel with current and promising potential.
The Characterization of Used Cooking Oil as a Raw Material to Produce Biofuel Using CoMo/Bottom Ash with Catalytic Cracking Process
Authors: Nur Oktadina Putri Afifa , Syarif Aida , Yerizam Muhammad , Medi Ali
Published: July 2023

The research conducted in the study of converting used cooking oil into biofuel is done using the catalytic cracking technology process. Used cooking oil, a byproduct of household cooking oil waste, has the potential to be turned into energy. However, its utilization is not yet optimal, and it often just becomes household waste. Therefore, in this study, used cooking oil is used to produce biofuel. The CoMo/Bottom ash catalyst is used to accelerate the biofuel production process. The characteristics of the used cooking oil were analyzed using the Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) method, which revealed that the oil contained 2.50% linoleic acid, 0.54% myristic acid, and 22.11% palmitic acid, which are some of the main ingredients for making biofuel. The physical properties of the used cooking oil were found to be a viscosity of 3.81 mPa.s, a density of 0.93 g/ml, a refractive index of 1.43, and a flash point of 241°C. Meanwhile, the characteristics of the coal bottom ash used as a catalyst were analyzed using the X-Ray Fluorescence or X-ray diffraction method. It was found to contain 48.61% silicon dioxide (SiO2), 13.97% aluminum oxide (Al2O3), 4.40% iron (III) oxide (Fe2O3), 2.92% calcium oxide (CaO), 0.82% magnesium oxide (MgO), and 0.48% potassium oxide (K2O). The characteristics of the used cooking oil and the coal bottom ash that were analyzed show that used cooking oil can be used as raw material for biofuel production, while coal bottom ash can be used as a catalyst.
Chalmers, Beverly. Betrayed: Child Sex Abuse in the Holocaust. Tolworth Surrey: Grosvenor House, 2020.
Authors: Daffner Carola
Published: July 2023

Review of Chalmers, Beverly. Betrayed: Child Sex Abuse in the Holocaust. TolworthSurrey: Grosvenor House, 2020.
Queering Eve: Imagining Transgender Acceptance in Orthodox Judaism
Authors: Maier Jessie
Published: July 2023

While the Reform and Conservative Jewish movements have made a concerted effort to welcome transgender Jews in the last twenty years, transgender congregants are often shunned by Orthodox rabbis and synagogues in the United States. Studies about Orthodox Judaism’s relationship with transgender identity often focus exclusively on Talmudic justifications for the acceptance or rejection of transgender Jews, ignoring the increasingly sizeable effect that secular politics has on the American Orthodox community. To address this gap in the academic understanding of transgender Jewish issues, this analysis takes a more holistic approach to the issue of transgender acceptance in Orthodox Judaism by (1) assessing the potential for the acceptance of transgender Jews in ultra-Orthodox and Modern Orthodox Jewish communities in the United States using halakhic rulings on intersex and transgender issues and (2) tracing the potential effects of the American political landscape on the Orthodox community’s acceptance of transgender identity.
Somali Koşullarında Yetiştirilen Farklı Papaya Çeşitlerinin Fenolojik Özellikleri ve Verim Performansları
Authors: AHMED Hafid Elmi , ENGİN Hakan
Published: July 2023

Çalışma, 2019-2020 arasında Somali’nin Shabelle bölgesindeki Afgoye şehrinden 10 km uzakta açık alanda yürütülmüştür. Araştırmada, Somali koşullarında farklı papaya çeşitlerinin fenolojik özelikleri ve verim açısından gösterdikleri performansları belirleyerek, üreticiye uygun çeşit önermek amaçlanmıştır. Denemede materyal olarak dişi ve erkek ağaç oranının dengelenmesine ihtiyaç duymaksızın, üreticilerin yetiştirebilecekleri, ihracatta tercih edilen ve hermafrodit çeşit olan ‘Eksotika II’ ve yerel bir çeşit olan ‘Somali Papaya’ kullanılmıştır. Hermafrodit çeşit ‘Eksotika II’ Malezya Tarımsal Araştırma ve Geliştirme Enstitüsü’den (MARDI) temin edilmiştir. ‘Eksotika II’ ve ‘Somali Papaya’ tohumları maxpeat torf içeren 7x9’luk viyollerde çimlendirilerek gelişmeleri sağlanmıştır. Boyları 50 cm’e ulaşan papaya fidanları 3x3 metre olacak şekilde bahçeye dikilerek yetiştirilmiştir. ‘Eksotika II’ papaya ağaçları ve ‘Somali Papaya’ yerel çeşidinin dişi ağaçlarında ağaç yüksekliği (cm), gövde kalınlığı (cm), ağaç başına yaprak sayısı (adet), dikimden ilk çiçeklenmeye kadar geçen süre (gün), çiçeklenmeden hasada kadar geçen süre (gün), ağaç başına meyve ağırlığı (kg) ve meyve tutumu (adet/ağaç), değerleri araştırılmıştır. İn vivo ortamda, ‘Eksotika II’ ve ‘Somali Papaya’ çeşidinin tohumları 15 gün içerisinde çeşide bağlı olarak % 58 (Eksotika II) ile % 67 (Somali Papaya) arasında çimlenme göstermişlerdir. Ağaç yüksekliği, dikimden ilk çiçeklenmeye kadar geçen süre, çiçeklenmeden hasada kadar geçen süre, ağaç başına meyve ağırlığı ve meyve tutumu değerleri ‘Eksotika II’ ve ‘Somali Papaya’ çeşidinin dişi ağaçlarında birbirine benzer sonuçlar vermiştir. Gövde kalınlığı ve ağaç başına yaprak sayısı bakımından ‘Eksotika II’ çeşidi yerel çeşide göre daha yüksek değerlere sahiptir. Ağaç başına meyve ağırlığı en yüksek çeşit 41.17 kg ile ‘Eksotika II’ papaya’ çeşididir. ‘Somali Papaya’ yerel çeşidi (dioik) papaya ağaçlarından verim alınabilmesi için gerekli olan dişi ve erkek ağaç oranı yaklaşık 93 gün (dikimden ilk çiçeklenmeye kadar geçen süre) sonra belirlenebilmektedir. Çiçek yapılarına göre dişi veya erkek olduğu belirlenen ağaçlar arasından dişi ağaçlar ile verimsiz erkek ağaçların %25’ini bırakılarak diğerlerinin teklendiği ‘Somali Papaya’ sı gibi dioik çeşitlerin yerine, ‘Eksotika II’ çeşidi papaya yetiştiricilere önerilmektedir.
Yenilebilir Peyzajlar: Meyvesi Yenilebilen Bitki Türlerinin Peyzaj Mimarlığı Uygulamalarında Kullanma Uygunluğu
Authors: AK Tutku , GÜNEŞ Zehra
Published: July 2023

Günümüzde geleneksel olarak yapılan peyzaj düzenlemelerinde çoğu kez meyvesi yenilebilen bitkilere yer verilirken, peyzaj mimarlarının yaptığı uygulmalarda daha çok süs bitkileri tercih edilmektedir. Bu araştırmanın amacı, yenilebelir peyzajlar kavramını tanıtarak, peyzaj mimarlarının yaptıkları düzenlmelerde meyvesi yenilen bitki türlerine yer vermesini sağlamaktır.

Bu amaç doğrultusunda, bu araştırmada meyvesi yenilebilen bitkilerin estetik ve fonksiyonel işlevleri değerlendirilerek, peyzaj mimarlığında kullanılabilirliği konunun uzmanlarınca belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Türkiye’de sıkça kullanılan 54 meyveli türe yer verilmiş, bu türlerin estetik ve fonksiyonel açıdan peyzaj mimarlığında kullanımlarının uygunluğunu saptanmaya çalışımıştır.

Araştırma sonucunda meyvesi yenebilen bazı bitki türlerinin estetik anlamda peyzaj mimarlığında kullanıma çok uygun olduğu, ancak fonsiyonel anlamda kullanıma kısmen uygun olduğu bulunmuştur. Bu bitkilerden hem estetik hem de fonksiyonel olarak peyzaj mimarlığında kullanıma uygun olanlar ise araştırma sonucunda belirlenmiştir.
Gökçeada Zeytin Çeşidinin Pomolojik Özellikleri
Authors: ÖZDEMİR Esra Rüveyda , GÜNDOĞDU Mehmet Ali , ŞEKER Murat
Published: July 2023

Gökçeada, ülkemizin en batı noktasıdır. Bu ekolojik özelliği ile adanın hem organik tarıma elverişli olmasını sağlamakta hem de adaya özgü biyoçeşitliliği zenginleştirmektedir. Gökçeada, Kuzey Ege’nin en serin iklime ve kuvvetli rüzgarlara sahip lokasyonu olması ada ekolojisine uygun bazı genotiplerin oluşmasına neden olmuştur. Özellikle Gökçeada'da mübadele zamanına kadar Rum zeytin yetiştiricileri tarafından yerel olarak yetiştirilen ve ada ekolojisine uyum sağlayan Koroneiki zeytin çeşidinin bir genotipi geliştirilmiştir. Ekolojik olarak farklı bir yörede uzun yıllar sonucunda ıslah edilen ve ada ekolojisine tam uyum sağlayan genotip yörede “Ladolia” olarak tanınmaktadır. Bu araştırma; Çanakkale iline bağlı Gökçeada ilçesine özgü bir genotip olan “Gökçeada Zeytini” (Ladolia) üzerinde yürütülmüştür. Bu çeşide ait pomolojik özellikleri belirlemek amacıyla, Gökçeada’dan zeytin örnekleri Eylül ayı içeresinde 2017-2018 sezonlarında hasat edilmiştir. Meyve sayısı (adet/kg), 100 meyve ağırlığı (g), meyve eni (mm), meyve boyu (mm), meyve indeksi (boy/en), meyve şekli, 100 çekirdek ağırlığı (g), meyve eti oranı (%), çekirdek eni (mm), çekirdek boyu (mm), çekirdek indeksi, çekirdek şekli (boy/en) ve meyve olgunluk indeksi belirlenmiştir. Çalışmadan elde edilen sonuçlar sayesinde ülkemiz genetik kaynakların korunması ve ıslah çalışmalarında bilinçli kullanılmasına yönelik araştırmalara katkı sağlaması amaçlanmıştır.
METAMORFOSES DO CIRCUITO INFERIOR RESIDENCIAL: UMA ANÁLISE DA DINÂMICA COMERCIAL DO BAIRRO TRÊS IRMÃS, CAMPINA GRANDE-PB (2017-2018)
Authors: Pereira Davidson Matheus Félix , Diniz Lincoln da Silva , Costa Gustavo dos Santos
Published: July 2023

O presente texto corresponde a algumas reflexões sobre o processo de segregação socioespacial e sua relação com a dinamização comercial nas periferias urbanas com o objetivo de compreender a dinâmica socioespacial da Feira Sudoeste no bairro Três Irmãs, Campina Grande. Para tanto, identificamos os principais fatores que resultaram na criação desta feira, bem como sua função na localidade, considerando a circulação de consumidores, comerciantes, mercadorias e capitais. Como opção teórico-metodológica, adotamos os conceitos de "circuito inferior residencial" e "circuito inferior central" trabalhados por Milton Santos em sua obra "O Espaço Dividido", isso nos possibilitou analisar as diferenças entre a dinâmica dos comércios periféricos com relação aos comércios ligados ao centro da cidade. Para tanto, utilizamos uma metodologia quali-quantitativa, pautada na pesquisa in loco, apropriando-se da aplicação de entrevistas semiestruturadas, de questionários estruturados, bem como, da captura de imagens fotográficas. De tal maneira, ao final da pesquisa constatamos que a respectiva feira exercia um importante papel na dinamização econômica do mencionado bairro, ofertando í s camadas mais pobres da população possibilidades de emprego e de consumo de produtos perecí­veis a baixo custo. Pode-se observar uma real estratificação socioespacial nessa área periférica, com a existência de moradores com diferentes possibilidades de acesso aos mercados localizados no centro da cidade.
Detection of Palm Fruit Maturity Using Convolutional Neural Network Method
Authors: Kurniawan Ade Kurniawan , Andi Sunyoto  , Alva Hendi Muhammad
Published: July 2023

Palm oil has an important role as a source of foreign exchange in the economy in Indonesia. Oil palm is one of the vegetable oil-producing plants that has the highest economic value compared to other crops such as soybeans, olives, coconuts or sunflowers. Palm oil quality is also influenced by water content, dirt content, free fatty acid content and the level of maturity of the palm fruit. Maturity of palm fruit is a very important factor in determining the quality of crude oil produced by palm fruit. In determining the maturity of oil palm, sorting is necessary to get quality palm fruit with the appropriate level of maturity. The use of image processing technology (ImageProcessing) can facilitate the process of analyzing objects. Meanwhile, the implementation of deep learning using the Convolutional Neural Network method can help identify the maturity level of oil palm fruit with a high level of accuracy. The results showed a very good effectiveness with an accuracy reaching 99% and a precision level reaching 99.8%.
Web-based Environment Monitoring System
Authors: Saputri Fahmy Rinanda , Lee Vanessa
Published: July 2023

Green building is the concept of designing, building, operating, and maintaining buildings that pay attention to the use of natural resources, indoor air quality, and the health of the occupants. This green building is the choice in responding to the issue of limited non-renewable energy. To monitor the environmental conditions of green buildings, a sensor system is needed to maintain environmental conditions according to standards. This study aims to design a sensor system to monitor environmental conditions in Universitas Multimedia Nusantara. A real-time monitoring system is needed to maintain the green building environment's condition. The results of the study succeeded in designing a real-time monitoring system for green building environmental sensors, especially web-based classrooms using the NodeMCU ESP8266, DHT22 Sensor, and LDR Sensor. The difference in readings between the monitoring sensor system and the environment meter for lighting levels, temperature, and humidity respectively is 0.67 lux, 0.9°C, and 5.8%RH.
Pengaruh Jumlah Panel dan Aki terhadap Waktu Operasi Pompa Air pada Sistem Hidroponik Tenaga Surya
Authors: Santoso Pande Putu Agus , Mahmuda Diah , Sanubary Iklas
Published: July 2023

Masalah utama sistem hidroponik tenaga surya adalah belum ditemukannya metoda untuk mengoptimalkan waktu operasi pompa air. Diduga bahwa, jumlah panel surya dan aki, berpengaruh terhadap waktu operasi pompa air. Tujuan penelitian adalah mendeskripsikan pengaruh variasi rangkaian jumlah panel surya dan aki terhadap waktu operasi pompa air. Penelitian eksperimen ini memiliki variable terikat berupa waktu operasi pompa air serta variable bebas berupa variasi jumlah panel dan aki. Langkah penelitian adalah (1) merangkai panel surya (P) dan aki (A) dengan variasi 1P1A, 2P1A, 3P1A, 4P1A, 1P2A, 2P2A, 3P2A, dan 4P2A. (2) Menjemur setiap jenis rangkaian selama satu jam. (3) Memindahkan rangkaian pada tempat teduh dan menghidupkan pompa air. (4) Mencatat data waktu operasi pompa air. (6) Melakukan analisis data menggunakan uji-t dengan taraf signifikansi 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) semakin banyak penel surya maka waktu operasi pompa air semakin lama. (2) Semakin banyak aki maka waktu operasi pompa air semakin lama
Infestation rates of lice Lepeophtheirus salmonis and Caligus elongatus on Atlantic salmon in fixed and towed sentinel cages
Authors: Pert CC , Wallace IS , MacDonald P , Ives SC , Murray AG , Rabe B
Published: July 2023

Sea lice are a key limitation to sustainable salmon aquaculture, and effective monitoring strategies are critical for the management of these parasites. Sentinel cages are an established means of assessing infestation pressure at fixed locations, but as smolts move through systems they will be exposed to varying lice densities. As a means of assessing infestation pressure along trajectories, we describe the development and application of towed sentinel cages (TSCs) in a Scottish sea loch containing salmonid aquaculture. Trial deployments took place over 3 yr (2016-2018), and levels of sea lice infestation were compared between methodologies. Oceanographic data was collected alongside TSCs to put the results into the environmental context that smolts and sea lice experienced during the tows. The sea lice infestation rates found from TSCs were comparable to those on contemporaneously deployed fixed sentinel cages. Thus, due to their practicability and consistency with other surveillance methods, TSCs could be used to improve the assessment of exposure risk along wild salmonid smolt migration trajectories, where these are known.
Секьюритизация этнополитического конфликта в Аргентине SECURITIZATION OF ETHNO-POLITICAL CONFLICT IN ARGENTINA
Authors: Shcherbakova A. D.
Published: July 2023

В статье анализируется современная политика аргентинского государства в отношении территориальных претензий мапуче как наиболее организованной и политически активной группы коренных народов в стране. Теоретикометодологические рамки исследования этнотерриториального социального протеста образованы теориями секьюритизации Копенгагенской школы международных отношений и этнополитического конфликта. Выявлены предпосылки политизации т. н. «индейского вопроса» в стране, связанные с особенностями интеграции местных коренных народов в государство в период его консолидации. Рассмотрены причины этнополитического конфликта, обусловленные характером политики доминирующих групп в государстве, формировавшемся как моноэтническое. Выделено территориальное измерение противостояния за признание права общин на традиционно занимаемые земли, на самоопределение и автономию. Показано, что политика государства по управлению конфликтом в последние два десятилетия определяется признанием движений коренных народов в качестве угрозы территориальной целостности и национальной безопасности страны. Этот нарратив не только стал эффективным инструментом криминализации и делегитимации позиции мапуче в публичном дискурсе, но и санкционировал уголовное преследование активистов. This article aims to discuss the current policy of the Argentine government about the Mapuche territorial claims as the most organized and politically active group of indigenous peoples in the country. Its theoretical and methodological framework includes the Securitization Theory by the Copenhagen School of Security Studies and theoretical approaches explaining ethno‑political conflicts. The author argues that prerequisites for the “Aboriginal question” politicization in the country are associated with the integration of local indigenous peoples into the state during its consolidation, and the root causes of current ethno‑political conflict lie in the nature of the dominant groups policy in the state, which was formed as mono‑ethnic. The author describes the state policy to manage the conflict in the last two decades as driven by positioning the indigenous movements as a threat to the territorial integrity and national security of the country. As a result, this narrative has become an effective tool not only for criminalizing and delegitimizing the Mapuche position in public discourse, but for prosecuting of activists as well.
Локальный краниотип сундидов. Его географический центр и смешение с соседствующими популяциями
LOCAL SUNDID CRANIOTYPE: ITS GEOGRAPHICAL CENTER AND RELATIONS WITH NEIGHBORING POPULATIONS
Authors: Pestriakov A. P. , Grigorieva O. M. , Rashkovskaya Yu. V.
Published: July 2023

В краниологическом отношении часть южных монголоидов представляет собой краниотип сундидов, наиболее распространённый в западной части ареала южных монголоидов (территория Индокитая и Индонезии) и резко отличающийся от краниотипов соседствующих территорий: пацифидов (восточная территория Индокитая и Индонезии) и тропидов (большая часть территории Индии и островного мира к востоку и юго‑востоку от Индонезии и Филиппин). От краниосерий этих соседних территорий сундиды отличаются меньшей величиной черепной коробки, по форме резко брахикранной и значительно более сферичной. Таким образом, краниотип сундидов со всех сторон был окружён популяциями, имеющими существенно иную краниологическую характеристику. Лишь краниосерии тропических пацифидов, представляющие крайне малочисленные популяции негрито, рассеянные на этой же территории, имея иные расовые особенности, сходны с сундидами по форме черепной коробки. Шесть серий южных монголоидов, по которым имелись индивидуальные данные, были разбиты нами на кластеры, отличающиеся друг от друга по 7 признакам формы черепной коробки. В них почти поровну встречаются черепа сундидов и пацифидов и в значительно меньшем количестве черепа тропидов.
A part of the southern Mongoloids is characterized by a cranial shape which we classify as the Sundid cranial type. This type is most common among the western part of southern Mongoloids (the territory of Indochina and Indonesia) and is sharply different from the cranial types of neighboring territories: the Pacifids (the eastern territory of Indochina and Indonesia) and the Tropids (most of the territory of India and the islands to the east and southeast of Indonesia and Philippines). The Sundids’ cranial samples have smaller, brachycranic in shape, and much more spherical crania, than the samples from the neighboring territories. Thus, the Sundid cranial type was surrounded by populations having significantly different cranial characteristics. Only the cranial samples of tropical Pacifids (small populations of Negritos) are similar to the Sundids in the shape of the skull. Six samples of southern Mongoloids were divided into clusters that differ from each other in 7 traits that describe the shape of the skull. The Sundids and the Pacifids were presented almost equally in the studied group, while there were significantly fewer Tropids.
Visualization of automatically combined disease maps and pathway diagrams for rare diseases
Authors: Gawron Piotr , Hoksza David , Piñero Janet , Peña-Chilet Maria , Esteban-Medina Marina , Fernandez-Rueda Jose Luis , Colonna Vincenza , Smula Ewa , Heirendt Laurent , Ancien François , Groues Valentin , Satagopam Venkata P. , Schneider Reinhard , Dopazo Joaquin , Furlong Laura I. , Ostaszewski Marek
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Investigation of molecular mechanisms of human disorders, especially rare diseases, require exploration of various knowledge repositories for building precise hypotheses and complex data interpretation. Recently, increasingly more resources offer diagrammatic representation of such mechanisms, including disease-dedicated schematics in pathway databases and disease maps. However, collection of knowledge across them is challenging, especially for research projects with limited manpower.

Methods: In this article we present an automated workflow for construction of maps of molecular mechanisms for rare diseases. The workflow requires a standardized definition of a disease using Orphanet or HPO identifiers to collect relevant genes and variants, and to assemble a functional, visual repository of related mechanisms, including data overlays. The diagrams composing the final map are unified to a common systems biology format from CellDesigner SBML, GPML and SBML+layout+render. The constructed resource contains disease-relevant genes and variants as data overlays for immediate visual exploration, including embedded genetic variant browser and protein structure viewer.

Results: We demonstrate the functionality of our workflow on two examples of rare diseases: Kawasaki disease and retinitis pigmentosa. Two maps are constructed based on their corresponding identifiers. Moreover, for the retinitis pigmentosa use-case, we include a list of differentially expressed genes to demonstrate how to tailor the workflow using omics datasets.

Discussion: In summary, our work allows for an ad-hoc construction of molecular diagrams combined from different sources, preserving their layout and graphical style, but integrating them into a single resource. This allows to reduce time consuming tasks of prototyping of a molecular disease map, enabling visual exploration, hypothesis building, data visualization and further refinement. The code of the workflow is open and accessible at https://gitlab.lcsb.uni.lu/minerva/automap/.
Can we achieve biomimetic electrospun scaffolds with gelatin alone?
Authors: Roldán Elisa , Reeves Neil D. , Cooper Glen , Andrews Kirstie
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Gelatin is a natural polymer commonly used in biomedical applications in combination with other materials due to its high biocompatibility, biodegradability, and similarity to collagen, principal protein of the extracellular matrix (ECM). The aim of this study was to evaluate the suitability of gelatin as the sole material to manufacture tissue engineering scaffolds by electrospinning.

Methods: Gelatin was electrospun in nine different concentrations onto a rotating collector and the resulting scaffold’s mechanical properties, morphology and topography were assessed using mechanical testing, scanning electron microscopy and white light interferometry, respectively. After characterizing the scaffolds, the effects of the concentration of the solvents and crosslinking agent were statistically evaluated with multivariate analysis of variance and linear regressions.

Results: Fiber diameter and inter-fiber separation increased significantly when the concentration of the solvents, acetic acid (HAc) and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), increased. The roughness of the scaffolds decreased as the concentration of dimethyl sulfoxide increased. The mechanical properties were significantly affected by the DMSO concentration. Immersed crosslinked scaffolds did not degrade until day 28. The manufactured gelatin-based electrospun scaffolds presented comparable mechanical properties to many human tissues such as trabecular bone, gingiva, nasal periosteum, oesophagus and liver tissue.

Discussion: This study revealed for the first time that biomimetic electrospun scaffolds with gelatin alone can be produced for a significant number of human tissues by appropriately setting up the levels of factors and their interactions. These findings also extend statistical relationships to a form that would be an excellent starting point for future research that could optimize factors and interactions using both traditional statistics and machine learning techniques to further develop specific human tissue.
Comparative analysis of the sustainability and seismic performance of a social interest house using RC moment frames and bahareque as structural systems
Authors: Tello-Ayala Ken , Garcia-Troncoso Natividad , Silva Christian E. , Zúñiga-Olvera Carlos , Narvaez-Moran Julio , Malaga-Chuquitaype Christian , Mouka Theodora
Published: July 2023

This study compares the seismic performance and environmental impact of a social housing structure designed with reinforced concrete with a structure using Guadua angustifolia “Kunth” cane. The aim is to contrast the implementation of an ecological material such as the Guadua cane, which is an accessible alternative due to its cost and construction time, versus the traditional reinforced concrete (RC) construction method. Both applied to social housing structures. The seismic performance of both methods is analyzed through nonlinear static analysis (pushover) with the objective of establishing the performance; structural and nonstructural damage, performance point, maximum displacements, and structural elements that induce structural failure; and acting forces, against a design earthquake (established by the NEC DS 2015 Standard), with a return period of 475 years. The environmental impact is evaluated through a life cycle assessment of the structure (LCA). Thus, the embodied carbon obtained from each structural element (foundations, beams, columns, floors, and roof support elements) was determined, considering material manufacturing, transportation, and construction. The results obtained demonstrated a higher seismic performance, with 70% less environmental impact on the Guadua cane structure.
Crystal structure and cation-anion interactions of potassium (Difluoromethanesulfonyl) (trifluorome thanesulfonyl)imide
Authors: Sánchez-Diez Eduardo , Garcia Lorena , Arcelus Oier , Qiao Lixin , San Felices Leire , Carrasco Javier , Armand Michel , Martínez-Ibañez Maria , Zhang Heng
Published: July 2023

Sulfonimide salts are of great interest for battery use thanks to their special properties including sufficient superior chemical/thermal stabilities, structural flexibility, etc. In particular, the hydrogen-containing sulfonimide (difluoromethanesulfonyl)(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide anion {[N(SO2CF2H) (SO2CF3)]−, DFTFSI−}, stands out owing to its suppressed anion mobility and superior electrochemical properties. We herein report the structural analyses of potassium (difluoromethanesulfonyl)(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide {K [N(SO2CF2H) (SO2CF3)], KDFTFSI} by virtue of single crystal X-ray diffraction and computational approaches. Our results reveal that KDFTFSI crystallizes in a orthorhombic cell (space group: Pbcn) comprising of cationic and anionic layers, which is similar to the conventional sulfonimide salt, potassium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide {K [N(SO2CF3)2], KTFSI}. Gas-phase density functional theory calculations show that the conversion from trans to cis DFTFSI− anions is hindered due to the presence of stabilizing intramolecular H-bonding interactions in the trans conformer; yet interaction with K+ substantially minimizes the energy difference between the two conformers due to the formation of strong tridentate K+ coordination with oxygen atoms in the cis KDFTFSI. This work is anticipated to provide further understanding on the structure-property relations of hydrogenated sulfonimide anions, and thus inspire the structural design of new anions for battery research.
Conjugation of amiodarone to a novel cardiomyocyte cell penetrating peptide for potential targeted delivery to the heart
Authors: Yurko Ray , Islam Kazi , Weber Beth , Salama Guy , Zahid Maliha
Published: July 2023

Modern medicine has developed a myriad of therapeutic drugs against a wide range of human diseases leading to increased life expectancy and better quality of life for millions of people. Despite the undeniable benefit of medical advancements in pharmaceutical technology, many of the most effective drugs currently in use have serious limitations such as off target side effects resulting in systemic toxicity. New generations of specialized drug constructs will enhance targeted therapeutic efficacy of existing and new drugs leading to safer and more effective treatment options for a variety of human ailments. As one of the most efficient drugs known for the treatment of cardiac arrhythmia, Amiodarone presents the same conundrum of serious systemic side effects associated with long term treatment. In this article we present the synthesis of a next-generation prodrug construct of amiodarone for the purpose of advanced targeting of cardiac arrhythmias by delivering the drug to cardiomyocytes using a novel cardiac targeting peptide, a cardiomyocyte-specific cell penetrating peptide. Our in vivo studies in guinea pigs indicate that cardiac targeting peptide-amiodarone conjugate is able to have similar effects on calcium handling as amiodarone at 1/15th the total molar dose of amiodarone. Further studies are warranted in animal models of atrial fibrillation to show efficacy of this conjugate.
Multimodality imaging for transcatheter tricuspid valve repair and replacement
Authors: Tomlinson Stephen , Rivas Carlos Godoy , Agarwal Vratika , Lebehn Mark , Hahn Rebecca T.
Published: July 2023

Transcatheter tricuspid intervention is a rapidly evolving field with multiple classes of therapeutic devices currently in development. Procedural success in tricuspid intervention is predicated on appropriate device selection for patient specific anatomy and satisfactory imaging for intra-procedural guidance. This review will outline protocols and methodology for multi-modality imaging assessment of the tricuspid valve and associated structures, with emphasis on anatomic and functional characteristics that determine suitability for each class of tricuspid intervention. Intra-procedural imaging requirements for each class of device, with design and procedural imaging guidance of specific devices, will also be addressed.
AAV2 and AAV9 tropism and transgene expression in the mouse eye and major tissues after intravitreal and subretinal delivery
Authors: Koponen Sanna , Kokki Emmi , Tamminen Toni , Ylä-Herttuala Seppo
Published: July 2023

Introduction: The eye is an excellent target for gene therapy because of its anatomical features. Gene therapy to treat ocular disorders relies on efficient gene delivery and transgene expression in the target cells. The aim of this study was to compare the biodistribution and safety of two different AAV serotypes after intravitreal (IVT) and subretinal injections.

Methods: AAV2 (1 × 1012 vg/mL) and AAV9 (5 × 1012 vg/mL) vectors expressing an enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) and an AAV9-empty (6 × 1011 vg/mL) vector were injected intravitreally or subretinally into both eyes of adult C57Bl/OlaHsd mice. The biodistribution of the viral vectors in the eye and off-target tissues was studied using qPCR. GFP expression was studied from cryosections, and GFP transduction efficacy was verified using immunohistostaining for GFP. In addition, electroretinography (ERG) was used to assess the effect of vectors on retinal function.

Results: In addition to the eyes, viral vector copies were found in distant off-target tissues such as the liver, especially after AAV9-EGFP IVT and subretinal injections. AAV9-EGFP injections showed more GFP expression throughout the retina compared to AAV2-EGFP. AAV2-EGFP IVT showed transgene expression mainly in the ganglion cell layer, whereas subretinal injection showed GFP expression in the retinal pigment epithelium. In addition, GFP was expressed at a moderate level in the liver after both injection routes of AAV9 and in parts of the brain after all injection groups except AAV9-empty. Lowered a- and b-amplitude values were seen in ERG in both scotopic and photopic experiments after AAV9-EGFP subretinal injection compared to all other groups.

Discussion: This study shows that intraocular injection of AAV2 and AAV9 transduces retinal cells. Although the more efficient transduction of the retina, negative effect on the retinal function, and off-target transgene expression of AAV9 makes AAV2 a more suitable gene delivery vector to treat ocular disorders.
Numerical simulation and experimental study of two-phase flow in downhole spiral gas-liquid separator
Authors: Li Chenghua , Li Zhiping , Zhang Yangyang , Li Bing
Published: July 2023

Gas-liquid separator is an important surface equipment in oilfield development. Improving the separation efficiency of separator is of great significance to the overall economic benefit of oilfield. Spiral separator is a high efficiency separation device that has been widely used, but at present, there are not enough studies on separation efficiency in number of spiral turns and pitches. In view of this problem, this paper analyzed the gas–liquid separation efficiency of spiral separators with different number of spiral turns and pitches via the fluent numerical simulation software and laboratory experiments. The results showed that a greater number of spiral turns and a larger particle diameter could lead to higher separation efficiency. The separation efficiency has an optimum value for the pitch. The performance of the downhole spiral separator was verified by laboratory experiments, and the separation efficiency was above 90% under the conditions where the treatment amount was either unchanged or changed. These results can provide a reference for the application of spiral separators in oil fields.
Synergies and trade-offs in the management objectives forest health and flood risk reduction
Authors: Rackelmann Fabian , Sebesvari Zita , Bell Rainer
Published: July 2023

While healthy forest ecosystems deliver various services that can reduce flood risk, they can also contribute to flooding by providing wood that potentially contributes to the clogging of waterways and associated backwater effects. In this regard, deadwood, as a key aspect of healthy forests, is often in focus of post-flood disaster discourses. This research reflects on this ambiguity in the different forest management goals when it comes to managing forests for flood risk reduction versus forest health. A working definition of forest health will be presented and an overview of the different aspects of how a forest potentially can affect the flood hazard will be provided. This will refer to the ways forests influence (1) the discharge of water from the landscape into channels and (2) the characteristics of the channel and its riparian area and their respective influence on the transport of water, sediment, and debris. Often these two determining factors for the development of the flood peak are discussed separately and by different academic fields. This paper aims to connect the existing knowledge spheres and discusses the synergies and trade-offs. The review shows that the two objectives of forest health and flood risk reduction are largely synergetic. However, in direct proximity to watercourses trade-offs might occur. This is especially due to the ambivalent relation of living vegetation and deadwood to flood hazard. In places without susceptible infrastructures to clogging, deadwood and diverse vegetation structures should be supported due to their beneficial effects on water retention and channel characteristics. In places where susceptible infrastructures exist, trade-offs between the two objectives arise. Here the potential of freshly uprooted vegetation to cause damages should be reduced while maintaining the vegetation’s supportive characteristics, for example, concerning bank and slope stability. Where the risk of clogging is assessed as too high, also the selective removal or shortening of dead in-channel Large Wood can be considered. However, based on the literature review the risk deriving from dead Large Wood is evaluated as comparably low. This is related to its generally lower proportions and its smaller and less stable characteristics compared to freshly uprooted vegetation.
Research trends and hotspots of neuropathic pain in neurodegenerative diseases: a bibliometric analysis
Authors: Fu Yujie , Gong Chan , Zhu Chenchen , Zhong Weiquan , Guo Jiabao , Chen Binglin
Published: July 2023

Background

Neuropathic pain is caused by a neurological injury or disease and can have a significant impact on people’s daily lives. Studies have shown that neuropathic pain is commonly associated with neurodegenerative diseases. In recent years, there has been a lot of literature on the relationship between neuropathic pain and neurodegenerative diseases. However, bibliometrics is rarely used in analyzing the general aspects of studies on neuropathic pain in neurodegenerative diseases.

Methods

The bibliometric analysis software CiteSpace and VOSviewer were used to analyze the knowledge graph of 387 studies in the Science Citation Index Expanded of the Web of Science Core Collection Database.

Results

We obtained 2,036 documents through the search, leaving 387 documents after culling. 387 documents were used for the data analysis. The data analysis showed that 330 papers related to neuropathic pain in neurodegenerative diseases were published from 2007–2022, accounting for 85.27% of all published literature. In terms of contributions to the scientific study of neuropathic pain, the United States is in the top tier, with the highest number of publications, citations, and H-indexes.

Conclusion

The findings in our study may provide researchers with useful information about research trends, frontiers, and cooperative institutions. Multiple sclerosis, Parkinson’s disease, and Alzheimer’s disease are the three most studied neurodegenerative diseases. Among the pathological basis of neurodegenerative diseases, microglia-regulated neuroinflammation is a hot research topic. Deep brain stimulation and gamma knife radiosurgery are two popular treatments.
Blocking soluble Fas Ligand ameliorates pemphigus: PC111 efficacy in ex-vivo human pemphigus models
Authors: Lotti Roberta , Hundt Jennifer E. , Ludwig Ralf J. , Hammers Christoph M. , Bennett Brydon , Amato Antonino , Marconi Alessandra , Pincelli Carlo
Published: July 2023

Pemphigus is a life-threatening, chronic, autoimmune bullous disease affecting both the skin and the mucous membranes. Based on the mainstream concept that blister formation occurs upon binding of autoantibodies to their antigen proteins (desmoglein1, DSG1 and desmoglein3, DSG3), current therapies mostly aim to suppress the immune system. To avoid the severe side effects associated with the chronic use of immunosuppressive treatments, we have developed PC111, a fully human monoclonal antibody targeting human Fas ligand (FasL). We have provided a number of in vitro and in vivo evidences showing that soluble FasL induces keratinocyte apoptosis followed by acantholysis. An anti-murine FasL prevents blister formation in the pemphigus neonatal mouse model. To confirm the mechanism of action (MoA) and the efficacy of PC111 in a human pemphigus context, we used the keratinocyte dissociation assay and two independent Human Skin Organ Cultures (HSOC) pemphigus models. PC111 reduced acantholysis in vitro, as shown by the dose-dependent reduction of fragments in the monolayer cultures. In the first HSOC model, normal human skin was subcutaneously injected with a scFv antibody fragment directed against DSG1 and DSG3, resulting in a severe acantholysis (70-100%) after 24 hours. PC111 inhibited blister formation to around 50% of control. In the second model, normal human skin was injected with a mixture of pemphigus patients’ autoantibodies resulting in a less severe acantholysis (20-30%). PC111 significantly suppressed blister formation to more than 75% up to 72 hours. These results confirm PC111 MoA and demonstrates the efficacy of the anti-FasL antibody also in a pemphigus setting.
Maternal vaccination: shaping the neonatal response to pertussis
Authors: Callender Maiya , Harvill Eric T.
Published: July 2023

Antepartum maternal vaccination can protect highly sensitive newborns before they are old enough to receive their own vaccines. Two vaccines are currently recommended during pregnancy: the flu vaccine and the Tdap vaccine against tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis. Although there is strong evidence that maternal vaccination works to protect the offspring, limitations in the understanding of vaccines and of maternal transfer of immunity compound to obscure our understanding of how they work. Here we focus on the example of pertussis to explore the possible mechanisms involved in the transfer of protection to offspring and how these may impact the newborn’s response to future exposure to pertussis. For example, Tdap vaccines induce pathogen specific antibodies, and those antibodies are known to be transferred from mother to the fetus in utero and to the newborn via milk. But antibodies alone have modest impact on pertussis disease, and even less effect on colonization/transmission. Maternal immune cells can also be transferred to offspring and may play a direct role in protection from disease and/or influence the developing neonatal immune system. However, some of the transferred immunity may also blunt the offspring’s response to subsequent vaccination. In this review we will summarize the protection conferred to offspring by maternal vaccination against pertussis and the likely mechanisms by which protection is transferred, identifying the many knowledge gaps that limit our most effective application of this approach.
Mini-review: microbiota have potential to prevent PEDV infection by improved intestinal barrier
Authors: Yang Shanshan , Liu Guangliang , Savelkoul Huub F. J. , Jansen Christine A. , Li Bin
Published: July 2023

Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) infection poses a significant threat to the global pig industry. Current prevention and control strategies are inadequate in protecting pigs from new PEDV variants. This review aims to examine the relationship between PEDV and intestinal microbes, and investigate whether modulating intestinal microbes could affect PEDV infection. The mechanisms by which various intestinal microbes affect viral infection were initially introduced. Intestinal microbes can influence enteric viral infection through direct contact, such as binding, or by affecting interferons (IFNs) production and the intestinal barrier. Influencing the intestinal barrier by microbes can impact PEDV infection in young piglets. To narrow down the range of microbes that may influence PEDV infection, this review summarized microbes that change after infection. Short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), bacterial cell components, and toxins from microbes were identified as important mediators affecting PEDV infection. SCFAs primarily strengthen the intestinal barrier and inhibit intestinal inflammation, while bacterial cell components and toxins are more likely to damage the intestinal barrier. Therefore, this review hypothesizes that fecal transplantation, which allows the host to colonize more SCFAs-producing microbes, may prevent PEDV infection. However, these hypotheses require further proof, and the transplantation of intestinal microbes in pigs requires more exploration.