bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of nursing interventions on the sexual quality of life of patients with breast cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Lu Jia , Chen Xiao Min , Xie Kai Hong
Published: November 2022

Background

Although many studies have reported the effectiveness of nursing interventions on the sexual quality of life of patients with breast cancer, the results have not been synthesized. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of nursing interventions on the sexual quality of life of patients with breast cancer.

Review methods

A comprehensive search was conducted in 11 databases from inception to October 7, 2021. Studies evaluating the effects of nursing interventions on sexual quality of life were included. Study selection, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment were performed by two independent reviewers.

Results

This review pooled 38 studies with 3,664 participants. Meta-analysis results showed that nursing interventions significantly improved sexual quality of life, including sexual function (standardized mean difference [SMD] = 0.98, 95% confidence interval [CI] = [0.60–1.37], P < 0.001) and sexual satisfaction (SMD = 0.99, 95% CI = [0.41–1.57], P < 0.001). In addition, depression (SMD = −1.16, 95% CI = [−2.08–−0.24], P = 0.01) and general quality of life (SMD = 0.20, 95% CI = [0.08–0.33], P = 0.002) were significantly improved, but body image (SMD = 0.17, 95% CI = [−0.08–0.41], P = 0.19) and anxiety (SMD = −0.45, 95% CI = [-0.93–0.02], P = 0.06) did not significantly improve. Subgroup analysis showed that nursing interventions had a stronger long-term effect on sexual function (SMD = 1.15, 95% CI = [0.51–1.80], P = P < 0.001) and was more effective in younger patients (SMD = 1.43, 95% CI = [0.63–2.23], P = P < 0.001). Nursing interventions showed a statistically significant short-term effect on sexual satisfaction (SMD = 1.32, 95% CI = [0.44–2.20], P = 0.003) and a significant effect in older patients (SMD = 1.27, 95% CI = [0.46–2.08], P = 0.002).

Conclusions

Nursing intervention may be an effective way to improve the sexual quality of life of patients with breast cancer. Nursing interventions had a stronger long-term effect on sexual function, and the group with the strongest effect is the younger patients. Nursing interventions showed a significant short-term effect on sexual satisfaction, and older patients had significant improvement in sexual satisfaction.
COMPARATIVE STUDIES OF THE CHEMICAL INTERACTION OF GUANIDINE WITH DIALDEHYDE CELLU-LOSE AND PECTIN
Authors: Akhmedov Oliy Ravshanovich , Shomurotov Shavkat Abduganievich , Turaev Abbaskhan Sabirkhanovich
Published: November 2022

The presence of reactive aldehyde groups in the elementary units of dialdehyde polysaccharides enables to enter easily into a condensation reaction with reagents containing primary amino groups in the structure. This naturally expands the possibilities of obtaining new derivatives of polysaccharides with physiologically active properties. In this study, we synthesized azomethine derivatives of cellulose and pectin differing in the degree of substitution and the content of the nucleophilic reagent in the composition of the reaction products through chemical interaction of guanidine with macromolecules of dialdehyde polysaccharides. Therefore, regularities of the reaction of nucleophilic substitution of aldehyde groups of oxidized polysaccharides with guanidine were revealed. It was found that the interaction of guanidine amino groups with oxidized pectin in contrast to dialdehyde cellulose occurs through the formation of azomethine and ionic bonds. Moreover, the possibility of obtaining guanidine-containing derivatives of cellulose and pectin with different structural characteristics by varying the molar ratio of the nucleophile and the oxidation state of the starting polysaccharides was proved. The composition and structure of the reaction products were studied by physicochemical methods of analysis. The stability and rate of cleavage of guanidine groups from the macromolecules of dialdehyde cellulose and dialdehyde pectin were studied by hydrolysis of the synthesized samples in acidic and alkaline media.
Inflammatory Bowel Disease-Associated Colorectal Cancer Epidemiology and Outcomes: An English Population-Based Study
Authors: Birch Rebecca J. , Burr Nicholas , Subramanian Venkataraman , Tiernan Jim P. , Hull Mark A. , Finan Paul , Rose Azmina , Rutter Matthew , Valori Roland , Downing Amy , Morris Eva J.A.
Published: November 2022

INTRODUCTION:

Patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) of the colon are at an increased risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). This study investigates the epidemiology of IBD-CRC and its outcomes.

METHODS:

Using population data from the English National Health Service held in the CRC data repository, all CRCs with and without prior diagnosis of IBD (Crohn's, ulcerative colitis, IBD unclassified, and IBD with cholangitis) between 2005 and 2018 were identified. Descriptive analyses and logistic regression models were used to compare the characteristics of the 2 groups and their outcomes up to 2 years.

RESULTS:

Three hundred ninety thousand six hundred fourteen patients diagnosed with CRC were included, of whom 5,141 (1.3%) also had a previous diagnosis of IBD. IBD-CRC cases were younger (median age at CRC diagnosis [interquartile range] 66 [54–76] vs 72 [63–79] years [P < 0.01]), more likely to be diagnosed with CRC as an emergency (25.1% vs 16.7% [P < 0.01]), and more likely to have a right-sided colonic tumor (37.4% vs 31.5% [P < 0.01]). Total colectomy was performed in 36.3% of those with IBD (15.4% of Crohn's, 44.1% of ulcerative colitis, 44.5% of IBD unclassified, and 67.7% of IBD with cholangitis). Synchronous (3.2% vs 1.6% P < 0.01) and metachronous tumors (1.7% vs 0.9% P < 0.01) occurred twice as frequently in patients with IBD compared with those without IBD. Stage-specific survival up to 2 years was worse for IBD-associated cancers.

DISCUSSION:

IBD-associated CRCs occur in younger patients and have worse outcomes than sporadic CRCs. There is an urgent need to find reasons for these differences to inform screening, surveillance, and treatment strategies for CRC and its precursors in this high-risk group.
A Randomized, Dose-Finding, Proof-of-Concept Study of Berberine Ursodeoxycholate in Patients With Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis
Authors: Kowdley Kris V. , Forman Lisa , Eksteen Bertus , Gunn Nadege , Sundaram Vinay , Landis Charles , Harrison Stephen A. , Levy Cynthia , Liberman Alexander , Di Bisceglie Adrian M. , Hirschfield Gideon M.
Published: November 2022

INTRODUCTION:

Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a fibroinflammatory disease of the bile ducts leading to cirrhosis and hepatic decompensation. There are no approved pharmaceutical therapies for PSC. Berberine ursodeoxycholate (HTD1801) is an ionic salt of berberine and ursodeoxycholic acid with pleiotropic mechanisms of action.

METHODS:

An 18-week proof-of-concept study was conducted to assess the safety and efficacy of HTD1801 in PSC. This study had three 6-week periods: (i) a placebo-controlled period, (ii) a treatment extension period, and (iii) a randomized treatment withdrawal period. The primary end point was change from baseline in alkaline phosphatase (ALP) at week 6.

RESULTS:

Fifty-five patients were randomized and treated; 35 (64%) had inflammatory bowel disease and 22 (40%) had previously received ursodeoxycholic acid. Patients were initially randomized to placebo (n = 16), HTD1801 500 mg BID (n = 15), or HTD1801 1000 mg BID (n = 24). At baseline, mean (range) ALP values were 414 U/L (138–1,048), 397 U/L (237–773), and 335 U/L (122–882) for the placebo, HTD1801 500 mg BID, and HTD1801 1,000 mg BID groups, respectively. At week 6, a significant decrease in ALP was observed with HTD1801 (least square mean; HTD1801 500 mg BID = −53 U/L, P = 0.016; HTD1801 1000 mg BID = −37 U/L, P = 0.019) compared with placebo (98 U/L). ALP reductions were sustained through week 18 in those who remained on therapy, whereas ALP increased in those who crossed over to placebo during period 3. HTD1801 was generally well tolerated; 4 patients experienced serious adverse events, none attributed to HTD1801.

DISCUSSION:

HTD1801 is associated with significant improvement in ALP and warrants further study as a treatment for PSC.
Construyendo Puentes
Authors: Kelly Laura Beth , Abraham Stephanie , Kedley Kate , Bolanos Cinthya
Published: November 2022

This paper reports a comparative case study between two distinct community literacy research sites in the United States. Both sites undertook bilingual reading and writing projects in English and Spanish with children, one in a public library and the other in a community center writing program. Over time, these two unrelated projects took a translanguaging turn, and this paper compares and analyzes how translanguaging operated at each site, especially as researchers attempted to promote Spanish. We documented common affordances such as mirroring community language practices and creating inclusive, participatory environments. The comparison also revealed limitations, such as translanguaging’s limited ability to resist the societal dominance of English and challenges associated with enacting translanguaging in programs facing high staff and participant turnover. The study suggests the potential of translanguaging approaches in community literacy projects while also documenting areas for researchers and educators to approach translanguaging work thoughtfully to ensure it meets their program goals.
EXISTENCE AND CHARACTERISTICS OF SOLE PROPRIETORSHIP IN INDONESIA
Authors: Putri Aliza Madina , Prananingtyas Paramita
Published: November 2022

Sole proprietorship is the simplest business form and most used for Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises that has been dominating Indonesia’s economy. Sole proprietorship wasn’t a legal entity, therefore it has an unlimited liability. This become a consideration for entrepreneurs when they start a business. The issue discussed the existence and characteristics of sole proprietorship in Indonesia after Law 11/2020. This is a normative juridical research through a statutory and conceptual approach. The purpose of this research is to explain the characteristic of sole proprietorship in Indonesia and compares it with other Asian countries. The result indicates that sole proprietorship based on Law 11/2020 is a new legal entity as the concept expansion of Limited Liability Company with a limited liability that meets the criteria of micro and small business. It provides legality for entrepreneurs and a facility to access sources of funding. The regulation that determines sole proprietorship as a legal entity is only adopted by few countries like India.
ANALISIS FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI AGRESIVITAS PAJAK (Studi Empiris Pada Perusahaan Manufaktur Yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia Pada Tahun 2012-2014)
Authors: Luke Luke , Zulaikha Zulaikha
Published: November 2022

This study aims to examine empirically the effect of corporate social responsibility (CSR), return on asset (ROA), inventory intensity, and size of firm to tax aggressiveness. The population of this research was all manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in the period 2012-2014. Sampling technique used was purposive sampling method. There were 190 companies that fulfilled the criteria of sampling. The result of this study showed that corporate social responsibility (CSR) and inventory intensity have negative significant influence to tax aggressivensess. Meanwhile, return on asset (ROA) and size of firm have positive significant relationship to tax aggressiveness.
THE INFLUENCE OF INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL ON FIRM VALUE WITH EARNINGS MANAGEMENT AS A MODERATING VARIABLE: A STUDY IN FINANCIAL SERVICE COMPANIES LISTED ON INDONESIA STOCK EXCHANGE (IDX)
Authors: Fanni Aulizza Abdul , Fuad Fuad
Published: November 2022

This research aims to examine the influence of intellectual capital performance on firm value and the moderating influence of earnings management on the relationship of intellectual capital with firm value in financial service companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during 2015 – 2018. Based on the population of 90 companies per year, a test of 69 sample companies that met the criteria of purposive sampling was conducted. The panel data regression technique is used to analyze the data. The findings show that intellectual capital provides a significant positive influence on firm value. Most notable contributions came from human capital and relational capital components, but not the structural capital component. This condition is considered good, although not ideal yet. Other findings reveal that earnings management did not moderate the relationship of intellectual capital with firm value.
Concentrations for nonlinear Schrödinger equations with magnetic potentials and constant electric potentials
Authors: Wang Liping , Zhao Chunyi
Published: November 2022

This article studies point concentration phenomena of nonlinear Schrödinger equations with magnetic potentials and constant electric potentials. The existing results show that a common magnetic field has no effect on the locations of point concentrations, as long as the electric potential is not a constant. This article finds out the role of the magnetic fields in the locations of point concentrations when the electric potential is a constant.
Translanguaging pedagogies in developing morphological awareness: the case of Japanese students learning Chinese in China
Authors: Teng Mark Feng , Fang Fan
Published: November 2022

This mixed-methods study explored the development of morphological awareness in learning Chinese as a third language, focusing on how the activation of a learner’s multilingual repertoire can influence morphological awareness. The study was conducted for a period of eight weeks with 62 Japanese students in a Chinese learning program at a university in China. The students are native Japanese speakers with English and Chinese as their second and third languages. The students were allocated into an experimental group and a control group. The experimental group received translanguaging instruction, while the control group completed learning through the monolingual approach for which the language of instruction was Chinese. The main aim of the translanguaging intervention was to help students utilize their multilinguistic repertoire across languages for their morphology learning. The results revealed that morphology learning scores were higher for the participants in the experimental group than the control group. The focus group interviews revealed that the students in the experimental group favorably perceived the use of translanguaging strategies for morphology learning. Moreover, the students in the experimental group reported cognitive, interactive, and affective benefits from translanguaging pedagogy. Finally, this paper presents relevant implications for the use of translanguaging pedagogy for teaching morphology.
Method evaluation in the clinical laboratory
Authors: Loh Tze Ping , Cooke Brian R. , Markus Corey , Zakaria Rosita , Tran Mai Thi Chi , Ho Chung Shun , Greaves Ronda F.
Published: November 2022

Method evaluation is one of the critical components of the quality system that ensures the ongoing quality of a clinical laboratory. As part of implementing new methods or reviewing best practices, the peer-reviewed published literature is often searched for guidance. From the outset, Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM) has a rich history of publishing methods relevant to clinical laboratory medicine. An insight into submissions, from editors’ and reviewers’ experiences, shows that authors still struggle with method evaluation, particularly the appropriate requirements for validation in clinical laboratory medicine. Here, we consider through a series of discussion points an overview of the status, challenges, and needs of method evaluation from the perspective of clinical laboratory medicine. We identify six key high-level aspects of clinical laboratory method evaluation that potentially lead to inconsistency. 1. Standardisation of terminology, 2. Selection of analytical performance specifications, 3. Experimental design of method evaluation, 4. Sample requirements of method evaluation, 5. Statistical assessment and interpretation of method evaluation data, and 6. Reporting of method evaluation data. Each of these areas requires considerable work to harmonise the practice of method evaluation in laboratory medicine, including more empirical studies to be incorporated into guidance documents that are relevant to clinical laboratories and are freely and widely available. To further close the loop, educational activities and fostering professional collaborations are essential to promote and improve the practice of method evaluation procedures.
The North Ukrainian dialect of Vyšneve in the East Slavic context: towards a final description
Authors: Del Gaudio Salvatore
Published: November 2022

The linguistic description of the dialect of Vyšneve (Černihiv, Ukraine) can be considered a milestone of a more comprehensive dialectal and sociolinguistic study on the dialects spoken along the Ukrainian-Belarusian and, to a lesser extent, Russian border areas of eastern Polissia. Some of the most representative features of the Vyšneve dialect and its relation to Belarusian have already been the object of previous linguistic analysis.

The village is situated about 35 km north-east of the city of Černihiv (regional centre); 12 km south-east of the town of Ripky (former district centre). The distance to the Belarusian border is approximately 35 kilometers. Only the former district of Horodjans’k separates Vyšneve from the region of Brjansk (Russian Federation).

The factual material examined in this article aims to complete previous research gaps and, at the same time, intends to foster further theoretical reflections about the origin of these border dialects. The analysis of this local dialect (which includes the phonetic-phonological, morpho-syntactic and lexical levels) in fact lays the foundation for successive and more advanced stages of research on the Ukrainian-Belarusian-Russian border dialects. In this contribution the dialectal features will be systematically compared with both the neighbouring Belarusian dialects spoken along the Ukrainian-Belarusian continuum and with the nearby southern Russian dialects, particularly with their western group. The latter, in fact, shares with the neighbouring Ukrainian and Belarusian border dialects a series of isoglosses and idiosyncratic traits.
An investigation on as-cast microstructure and homogenization of nickel base superalloy René 65
Authors: Shui Lang , Fu Jianhui
Published: November 2022

Nickel base superalloy René 65 is a cast-wrought derivative of René 88DT. Lower cost and comparable physical properties allow René 65 to serve as a promising candidate material for turbine disks in next-generation aeroengines. The cast-wrought route leads to significant segregation of solute elements during solidification of René 65, which should be reduced by a proper homogenization scheme. We use René 65 samples from a Ø 450 mm electros-slag remelting ingot (sample Disk I) and a Ø 250 mm pilot vacuum arc remelting ingot (sample Disk II) to investigate as-cast microstructure and homogenization schemes of the alloy. It is discovered that γ–γ′ eutectic phase, borides–carbides, and TiN are the major precipitated phases in as-cast René 65 and Ti, Nb, Mo, and W are the critically segregated elements. The temperature too high to homogenize René 65 is found to be ≥1,190°C due to defect generation and straightening grain boundaries, whereas 1,140°C is too low due to undissolving γ–γ′ eutectic phase. The acceptable temperature among the selected temperatures is found to be 1,160°C. Thermal compression using homogenized samples reveals that in Disk II 1,160°C for 50 h provides the lowest flow stress. Estimation based on kinetics predicts that the equivalent deformation effect in Disk I is obtained at 1,160°C for 82 h.
Reaction engineering of continuous crystallization of β-ammonium tetramolybdate in concentric structure reactor and its application
Authors: Li Jiangtao , Li Zhichao , Zhao Zhongwei , Liu Xuheng , Chen Xingyu , He Lihua , Sun Fenglong , Chen Ailiang
Published: November 2022

β-ammonium tetramolybdate [β-(NH4)2Mo4O13] is an important product of molybdenum metallurgy because of its uniform crystal structure and excellent thermal stability. The yield of molybdenum strip produced with β-(NH4)2Mo4O13 as raw material and various processing properties have been significantly improved. However, the crystallization process of β-(NH4)2Mo4O13 is very complex, including neutralization, polymerization, nucleation, and crystal growth stages, resulting in a variety of polymerization morphology. In this work, a concentric structure reactor was used to segment these stages with directional regulation of each stage. Residence time distribution (RTD) was used to evaluate the simulation of flow field characteristics in the concentric structure reactor. Determination of the influence of inlet-outlet positions, size and position of paddle, and baffle setting on the fluid behavior in a single tank suggested measures to improve the abnormal flow condition and reduce the dead zone volume fraction. In the concentric structure reactor, the dead zone volume fraction was only 2.36% when the clapboards were arranged alternately in an up-down design, using an inlet flow rate of 100 mL/min. β-(NH4)2Mo4O13 was prepared continuously by adding aqueous ammonia and product slurry for crystallization in the concentric structure reactor.
Bad data identification and fault diagnosis of smart substation based on secondary system information redundancy
Authors: Meng Lingwen , Xi Yu , Zhang Ruifeng , Yu Li , Jiang Wenhui
Published: November 2022

Secondary system is an important link that affects the reliable operation of power system. However, the current improvement measures for accurate data acquisition and reliable operation in secondary systems are mainly concentrated at the equipment level. The solution at the equipment level not only increases the complexity of the system, but also can only optimize a single link or problem, which is difficult to improve the overall system level. In order to enhance the information accuracy, operation and maintenance precision and operation reliability of smart substation secondary system, this paper proposes bad data identification and fault diagnosis methods based on secondary system information redundancy. Firstly, according to the analysis of secondary information redundancy, this paper constructs the data information redundancy model of the smart substation secondary system. Then the data information state estimation method based on the least square method and the bad data identification method based on the information redundancy are proposed. Finally, case analysis is carried out to verify that the proposed method can effectively increase the information accuracy of smart substation, which also provides new research route and foundations for secondary system fault diagnosis.
Mechanical properties of quenched and tempered steel welds
Authors: Uzunali Umut Yaşar , Cuvalcı Hamdullah , Atmaca Barbaros , Demir Serhat , Özkaya Serdar
Published: November 2022

Welding is the most commonly used joining process in the industry. Generally, weld zone consists of three different regions such as base metal, heat-affected zone (HAZ) and weld metal (WM). Microstructure of HAZ and WM changes due to the heat effects after the welding process. These effects cause changes in mechanical properties such as Young modulus, tensile strength and hardness in weld zone. The aim of this paper is to identify the mechanical properties of weld zone by uni-axial tensile test, nanoindentation test and hardness test. For this aim, quenched and tempered steel plates were chosen as a test material having high strength. These plates were welded together by flux-cored arc welding method. To determine the effect of weld pass number on the mechanical properties, the weld was completed in single and multi-pass (MP) butt welds separately. For experiments, tensile test specimens were cut by plasma cutting method according to related standard on welded plates. These specimens were subjected to three different post weld heat treatments (PWHT) such as 200 °C, 300 °C and 400 °C to evaluate the hardness change in HAZ. The effect of weld-pass number and PWHT on mechanical properties such as Young modulus, tensile strength and hardness were obtained from WM and HAZ by uni-axial tensile test and nanoindentation test and compared to each other. The yield and ultimate tensile strength of weld zone of welded tensile test specimens (WTTS)-2 is lower than WTTS-1 due to MP welding process. Furthermore, the strain behaviour of weld zone is not affected by PWHT significantly.
Transferability of ANN-generated parameter sets from welding tracks to 3D-geometries in Directed Energy Deposition
Authors: Marko Angelina , Bähring Stefan , Raute Julius , Biegler Max , Rethmeier Michael
Published: November 2022

Directed energy deposition (DED) has been in industrial use as a coating process for many years. Modern applications include the repair of existing components and additive manufacturing. The main advantages of DED are high deposition rates and low energy input. However, the process is influenced by a variety of parameters affecting the component quality. Artificial neural networks (ANNs) offer the possibility of mapping complex processes such as DED. They can serve as a tool for predicting optimal process parameters and quality characteristics. Previous research only refers to weld beads: a transferability to additively manufactured three-dimensional components has not been investigated. In the context of this work, an ANN is generated based on 86 weld beads. Quality categories (poor, medium, and good) are chosen as target variables to combine several quality features. The applicability of this categorization compared to conventional characteristics is discussed in detail. The ANN predicts the quality category of weld beads with an average accuracy of 81.5%. Two randomly generated parameter sets predicted as “good” by the network are then used to build tracks, coatings, walls, and cubes. It is shown that ANN trained with weld beads are suitable for complex parameter predictions in a limited way.
Effect of heat treatment on the properties of plasma arc welded TRIP800 steel
Authors: Karaoğlu Büşra , Kaçar Ramazan
Published: November 2022

In this study, the effect of heat treatment applied at various temperatures on the properties of plasma arc welded TRIP800 steel has been examined extensively. For this purpose, the low temperature heat treatment was carried out at −50, −20, and 0 °C for 2 h on a set of welded samples. Moreover, the heat treatment process was also applied for 2 h at various temperatures (i.e., 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 800, and 1000 °C) for another group of plasma arc welded TRIP800 steels. In addition, the properties of a set of samples without any heat treatment were determined in as-welded condition for a comparison. The mechanical properties of all samples were determined, and microstructures of samples were evaluated. As a result, the low temperature heat treatment applied at the specified temperatures did not have a significant effect on the ultimate tensile strength, and ductility of the joint but affected the yield strength positively. Besides, the ultimate tensile strength of heat treated samples also diminished with increasing processing temperature. It was found that the yield strength of the heat treatment applied samples showed an increase up to 500 °C, while the samples tested at 500 and 600 °C showed pronounced yielding behavior.
The interaction between predictability and pre-boundary lengthening on syllable duration in Taiwan Southern Min
Authors: Wang Sheng-Fu
Published: November 2022

This study investigated how predictability and prosodic phrasing interact in accounting for the variability of syllable duration in Taiwan Southern Min. Speech data were extracted from 8 hours of spontaneous speech. Three predictability measurements were examined: bigram surprisal, bigram informativity, and lexical frequency. Results showed that higher informativity and surprisal led to longer syllables. As for the interaction with prosodic positions, there was a general weakening of predictability effects for syllables closer to the boundary, especially in the pre-boundary position, where pre-boundary lengthening was the strongest. However, the effect of word informativity appeared to be least modulated by this effect of boundary marking. These findings are consistent with a hypothesis that prosodic structure modulates the predictability effects on phonetic variability. The robustness of informativity in predicting syllable duration also suggests a possibility of stored phonetic variants associated with a word's usual contextual predictability.
POVOADO EM ABANDONO
Authors: Dellinghausen Portela Laís , Rocha Eduardo
Published: November 2022

O artigo trata da experiência na localidade de Cuñapirú - Corrales, pertencente ao Departamento de Rivera no Uruguay e com origem e declínio incentivados pela extração de minérios. Busca-se, nesse contexto, analisar o hoje, a fragmentação dos espaços e as relações e percepções dos indivíduos perante um lugar do abandono no sul da América do Sul, compreendendo que este pode ser um território potencial produtor de reações afetivas. Assim, através da aproximação entre as teorias do urbanismo contemporâneo e da filosofia contemporânea francesa, a partir da metodologia da cartografia urbana, esse artigo aborda os temas e diversos sentidos que a palavra abandono pode trazer à tona; explorando que lugares mesmo hostis podem acolher e demonstrar sensação de pertencimento; bem como insere uma relação próxima com a teoria da terceira paisagem.
RETOMADA DA PAISAGEM
Authors: Maximila Francisco
Published: November 2022

A discussão da escrita propõe uma análise a partir de passagens audiovisuais, colocando seus territórios em relação com a produção de singularidade e as noções de representação que emergem dali. E neste artigo busco o que está pautado principalmente nas obras audiovisuais Desalambrar (2019) e Milonga Lejana (2021), e que por meios de registros cartográficos inspirou desdobramentos, produzindo novos deslocamentos e registros de investigação. Tenho como principais teóricos: Gilles Deleuze, Félix Guatarri e Nelson Brissac Peixoto. A escrita está dividida por cinco pontos essenciais no meu processo cartográfico, um território: produção e percepção de território, uma imagem: a descoberta do próprio território a partir da produção artística, uma paisagem: o que está aos olhos de todos, outro território: quando a paisagem se transforma em imagem e por último o revisitar: revisitar paisagens criando outras imagens.
CONSTRUIR O SUL, HABITAR O NORTE
Authors: Paese Celma , Perseu Gianluca , Ferreira Mariano Gabriela
Published: November 2022

Nesse artigo procuramos problematizar as relações entre a produção da cidade formal e de subjetividades no espaço urbano, partindo dos conceitos de cidade torta, aberta e modesta, propostos por Richard Sennett em Construir e Habitar (SENNETT, 2018). Buscamos discutir a produção de paisagens de orlas urbanas em um contexto globalizado e, mais especificamente, as orlas da cidade de Porto Alegre. Iniciamos colocando os conceitos de ville e cité sennettiano, o desejo de cidade implicado na produção projetual da paisagem urbana e as relações com a experiência humana. Na segunda parte comentamos sobre a cidade torta, que se deforma e resiste à lisura, expondo outras formas de experienciar a urbe. A seguir, expomos a cidade aberta, explorando fenômenos sociais mais amplos, como a globalização pasteurizada da paisagem. Em um terceiro momento, invocamos a cidade modesta do fazer do Homo Faber que se orgulha de suas obras. Finalizamos deixando em aberto questões para serem retomadas na continuidade da pesquisa.
CARTOGRAFAR MAPAS
Authors: Camargo Marina , Beltrame dos Santos Taís
Published: November 2022

Marina Camargo é natural de Maceió, mas estudou em Porto Alegre, onde concluiu bacharelado e mestrado em Artes Visuais no Instituto de Artes da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS). Desde os anos iniciais, suas pesquisas estiveram marcadas por uma noção expandida de desenho, na qual imagem e pensamento se constituem mutuamente e, assim, estruturam o próprio processo de trabalho. Questões relacionadas a  cartografia começaram a interessá-la durante o período em que viveu em Barcelona (onde estudou Cultura Visual na Universitat de Barcelona, Espanha), a partir de quando o sentido de deslocamento físico passou a ser recorrente em seus trabalhos. Em 2010, Marina Camargo recebeu uma bolsa do DAAD para estudar com Peter Kogler na Akademie der Bildenden Künste em Munique (Alemanha), onde posteriormente concluiu sua formação. Durante esse período, seu trabalho voltou-se para questões relacionadas a lugares específicos, explorando dimensões diversas da paisagem e da representação dos lugares. Atualmente vive em Porto Alegre e Berlim.
MAPEAMENTO PARTICIPATIVO e SIG ON-LINE
Authors: Cantarelli Xavier Sinval , Araujo Portella Adriana , Woolrych Rayn
Published: November 2022

Este artigo relata a utilização de SIG on-line na espacialização, análise e narrativa das informações produzidas durante uma oficina de mapeamento participativo realizada no bairro Navegantes na cidade de Pelotas, Brasil. O mapeamento participativo foi uma das metodologias utilizadas em uma pesquisa envolvendo Brasil, Reino Unido e Índia, que tinha como foco explorar como os idosos enfrentam o envelhecimento em diferentes contextos urbanos, sociais e culturais. O mapeamento participativo buscou representar a relação entre o lugar e as pessoas e identificar seus significados físicos e socioculturais. O SIG foi utilizado como ferramenta metodológica para traduzir e narrar as informações e resultados produzidos. A utilização integrada das metodologias permitiu identificar barreiras e oportunidades para o envelhecimento ativos e participativo. Com o uso de recursos SIG on-line foi possível integrar os mapas a textos e imagens e criar uma narrativa dinâmica, visualmente atrativa e acessível pela da página da pesquisa na internet.
ATIVIDADES COMERCIAIS TRANSITÓRIAS
Authors: Vasconcellos de Almeida Trindade Rhaiani , Leticia Andara Ramos Larissa
Published: November 2022

As cidades estabelecem relações indispensáveis entre seus espaços públicos e as pessoas que neles circulam. Desde a antiguidade, diversas são as apropriações urbanas que se manifestam, dentre elas, as atividades comerciais, as quais tendem a propiciar diversas formas de relação com o território. Destaca-se, neste artigo, as atividades comerciais transitórias consideradas formas de apropriações efêmeras que estabelecem uma relação de simbiose entre o espaço público e a atividade comercial, consideradas essenciais para o crescimento das funções urbanas, sociais e econômicas. O presente trabalho aponta reflexões sobre essa relação, em especial, entre a atividade comercial transitória, espaço público, apropriações urbanas e as dinâmicas socioespaciais sobre o território. O método aplicado consiste em levantamento bibliográfico, mapeamento, observação e questionário. Os resultados destacam a relevância das atividades comerciais transitórias como catalisadoras e estimuladoras de um espaço urbano mais vivo, coletivo e inclusivo.
A CIDADE EM CENA
Authors: Cristina Albuquerque Palhares Machado Flávia , De Campos Maciel Josemar , Pereira Ribeiro Coutinho3 Dolores
Published: November 2022

Este artigo reflete sobre a apropriação do espaço da cidade por meio de manifestações políticas e explora suas implicações para o exercício do direito à cidade. Considerando a ideia lefebvriana de que a cidade corresponde à materialização no espaço de práticas sociais cujos sentidos e significados transcendem a sua materialidade, nos dedicaremos a analisar como a própria cidade e a delimitação do uso de seus espaços e lugares para manifestações é utilizada para a produção de efeitos políticos, exercendo uma função cênica para dramatizações da vida política. A partir de uma reflexão sobre as relações entre cidades e política na construção da experiência sensível dos sujeitos, observaremos o papel das cidades para as teatralizações da vida cotidiana ordinária e para a ruptura dessa mesma ordem, analisando algumas manifestações políticas em cidades ocorridas no último século que evidenciam a sua apropriação para a construção desses eventos e dos seus significados.
O CAVALO AZUL DA LIBERDADE
Authors: Vieceli Ana Paula
Published: November 2022

A contemporaneidade é testemunha de um processo de grande ruptura com o paradigma moderno manicomial e tem a Reforma Psiquiátrica como um marco das transformações que se deram nas formas de conceber a loucura e nas formas de cuidado e assistência ao sujeito-louco que retoma a cidade como um direito. O presente artigo considera a relação entre loucura e espaço urbano na contemporaneidade, e apresenta a experiência de Trieste, na Itália, quando um cavalo azul se tornou marco poético de liberdade entre os internos do manicômio San Giovanni, sob a direção de Franco Basaglia. O artigo ainda discute a clínica urbana do Acompanhamento Terapêutico como uma clínica que se desprende da clínica tradicional e se lança numa imersão pelo território da cidade acompanhando o sujeito-louco em seus percursos, criando novas possibilidades de existência para o louco, a prática da cidadania e questionando a cidade em sua capacidade de acolher a diferença.
NEOLIBERALISMO VS. PÓS-MODERNISMO NO PLANEJAMENTO URBANO
Authors: Piccioni Toralles Christiano
Published: November 2022

Na cidade de Pelotas, no sul do sul do Brasil, no entorno de uma localidade conhecida como Passo dos Negros, duas realidades parecem coexistir: comunidades pobres e de pescadores; e loteamentos e condomínios de alto padrão. Entretanto, essa relação tem complexidades próprias que se traduzem em um conflito socioespacial derivado de consequências do planejamento urbano. Ao longo do último século diversas teorias sobre o urbanismo foram formuladas, de modo a entender as relações entre cidade e sociedade, as lógicas do planejamento e a função dos planejadores. Nesse sentido, o objetivo desse ensaio é analisar e discutir a natureza dessa polêmica urbanística pelotense, a partir de seu contexto e de diferentes teorias do planejamento. Duas principais teorias foram tomadas como base: o neoliberalismo e o pós-modernismo (com abordagem advocatória). A partir dessa fundamentação, e de instrumentos da legislação brasileira, foi possível traçar alternativas de resolução e discutir suas limitações de aplicabilidade.
A PERCEPÇÃO URBANA NA ERA DIGITAL
Authors: Favarão Leão Ana Luiza , Consalter Diniz Maria Luisa , Kanashiro Milena , Bertola Duarte Rovenir
Published: November 2022

Diante da crescente simbiose entre homem e máquina, a ideia de percepção urbana necessita ser revisitada na era digital. Por meio da estratégia metodológica da argumentação lógica, tem-se como objetivo debater a percepção do meio urbano com o advento das transformações e inserções das ferramentas digitais. Parte-se das teorias de percepção advindas das abordagens construtivista e ecológica, como também, do pensamento ambiental dos anos 1960 e 1970 sobre percepção. A análise concentra-se mais especificamente em três tipos de abordagens digitais: mapeamento por sensoriamento remoto, tecnologias em crowdsourcing e human-like machine perception, de forma a fornecer uma nova maneira de olhar para fenômenos existentes, categorizá-los e extrair ideias-síntese para pesquisas posteriores. Apesar da crescente dependência da máquina com relação ao ser humano para apreender, indica-se cada vez mais uma certa inconsciência humana nesse processo e a necessidade de reflexão da máquina como uma possível aliada nos estudos urbanos, e não um instrumento de alienação.
USOS E APROPRIAÇÕES DE ESPAÇOS PÚBLICOS NAS CIDADES DE TRÊS DE MAIO, RIO GRANDE DO SUL, E RIVERA, URUGUAI
Authors: Soares Müller, Ana Paula , Freitas de Araújo Kayan , Larruscahim Hamilton Ilha Andrea , Vanessa Zamin Tatiane
Published: November 2022

Este trabalho é uma extensão do resumo apresentado ao Congresso Internacional de Cidadania, Espaço Público e Território (3º CIECIT) e resultado da pesquisa desenvolvida na disciplina “Paisagem Social, Habitação e Conflitos Urbanos”, vinculada ao Programa Pós-graduação em Arquitetura, Urbanismo e Paisagismo da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (PPGAUP/UFSM). O escopo da disciplina aborda os conflitos urbanos cotidianos, processos de transformação nas cidades brasileiras e habitação. Diante disso, este artigo propõe investigar os usos e apropriações em espaços públicos nas cidades de Três de Maio, Rio Grande do Sul, e Rivera, Uruguai, considerando as limitações provocadas pela pandemia de COVID-19. A metodologia de pesquisa consiste em observações periódicas sobre os espaços públicos a partir da definição de estudos de caso, buscando compreender as formas de apropriação e uso como indicador sobre o desempenho de cada espaço no estímulo às relações sociais e com o ambiente construído.
CIDADES PARA QUEM?
Authors: Rodrigues Valandro Roberta , Pereira Barros Angela , Dorn de Oliveira Tarcísio , Büttenbender Pedro Luís
Published: November 2022

A presente pesquisa busca proporcionar uma convergência relacional entre os 12 Critérios que determinam um bom espaço público, segundo a obra Cidade para Pessoas de Jan Gehl, no recorte do Município de Pejuçara/RS. Estão demonstrados quais critérios são utilizados ou negligenciados nas três praças municipais: Visconde de Rio Branco, Caetano Ferigolo e Savino Costa Beber, o que vai diretamente ao encontro do tema e objetivo do estudo. A pesquisa conta com os seguintes métodos: estudo bibliográfico a partir de livros e periódicos, entrevistas e conversas informais com a comunidade, e por fim houve a descrição de tudo que foi analisado e observado no ambiente. Os resultados apontam que a Administração Municipal realiza a manutenção dos ambientes, porém ainda necessita de melhorias. Por fim, há apontamentos de sugestões de aprimoramento para o bem-estar e qualidade de vida da população na forma de novos layouts.
Mammalian CDC14 phosphatases control exit from stemness in pluripotent cells
Authors: Villarroya‐Beltri Carolina , Martins Ana Filipa B , García Alejandro , Giménez Daniel , Zarzuela Eduardo , Novo Mónica , del Álamo Cristina , González‐Martínez José , Bonel‐Pérez Gloria C , Díaz Irene , Guillamot María , Chiesa Massimo , Losada Ana , Graña‐Castro Osvaldo , Rovira Meritxell , Muñoz Javier , Salazar‐Roa María , Malumbres Marcos
Published: November 2022

Maintenance of stemness is tightly linked to cell cycle regulation through protein phosphorylation by cyclin‐dependent kinases (CDKs). However, how this process is reversed during differentiation is unknown. We report here that exit from stemness and differentiation of pluripotent cells along the neural lineage are controlled by CDC14, a CDK‐counteracting phosphatase whose function in mammals remains obscure. Lack of the two CDC14 family members, CDC14A and CDC14B, results in deficient development of the neural system in the mouse and impairs neural differentiation from embryonic stem cells (ESCs). Mechanistically, CDC14 directly dephosphorylates specific proline‐directed Ser/Thr residues of undifferentiated embryonic transcription Factor 1 (UTF1) during the exit from stemness, triggering its proteasome‐dependent degradation. Multiomic single‐cell analysis of transcription and chromatin accessibility in differentiating ESCs suggests that increased UTF1 levels in the absence of CDC14 prevent the proper firing of bivalent promoters required for differentiation. CDC14 phosphatases are dispensable for mitotic exit, suggesting that CDC14 phosphatases have evolved to control stemness rather than cell cycle exit and establish the CDK‐CDC14 axis as a critical molecular switch for linking cell cycle regulation and self‐renewal.
Discrete RNA–DNA hybrid cleavage by the EXD2 exonuclease pinpoints two rate‐limiting steps
Authors: Jia Xinshuo , Li Yanan , Wang Teng , Bi Lulu , Guo Lijuan , Chen Ziting , Zhang Xia , Ye Shasha , Chen Jia , Yang Bei , Sun Bo
Published: November 2022

EXD2 is a recently identified exonuclease that cleaves RNA and DNA in double‐stranded (ds) forms. It thus serves as a model system for investigating the similarities and discrepancies between exoribonuclease and exodeoxyribonuclease activities and for understanding the nucleic acid (NA) unwinding‐degradation coordination of an exonuclease. Here, using a single‐molecule fluorescence resonance energy transfer (smFRET) approach, we show that despite stable binding to both substrates, EXD2 barely cleaves dsDNA and yet displays both exoribonuclease and exodeoxyribonuclease activities toward RNA–DNA hybrids with a cleavage preference for RNA. Unexpectedly, EXD2‐mediated hybrid cleavage proceeds in a discrete stepwise pattern, wherein a sudden 4‐bp duplex unwinding increment and the subsequent dwell constitute a complete hydrolysis cycle. The relatively weak exodeoxyribonuclease activity of EXD2 partially originates from frequent hybrid rewinding. Importantly, kinetic analysis and comparison of the dwell times under varied conditions reveal two rate‐limiting steps of hybrid unwinding and nucleotide excision. Overall, our findings help better understand the cellular functions of EXD2, and the cyclic coupling between duplex unwinding and exonucleolytic degradation may be generalizable to other exonucleases.
Effects of antifungal plant extracts on improving maize seedling emergence and plant growth
Authors: Erasto Rehema , Madege Richard Raphael , Kilasi Newton
Published: November 2022

Maize seeds are usually contaminated with seed-borne fungi which cause seed deterioration and seedling death. Seed treatment using chemical fungicides is a common practice, although fungicides can reduce seed longevity and lead to residues, resistance, and environmental pollution. This
study was conducted to determine the effects of plant extracts (PEs; Azadirachta indica, Coffea Arabica, and Zingiber officinale) on seedling emergence and seedling vigour of certified (CS) and farmer-saved (FSS) seeds of maize. Seeds treated with water-extracted PEs had
significantly higher seedling emergence with 85.8% and 61.7% for FSS and CS, respectively, while ethanol-extracted PEs had 6.7% and 7.5% seedling emergence for FSS and CS, respectively. The minimum mean number of days to the first emergence was less for seeds treated with water-extracted PEs
(3.0 and 3.3 for FSS and CS, respectively) than those treated with ethanol-extracted PEs (6.3 and 7.0 for FSS and CS, respectively). According to this study, water-extracted PEs are potential candidates in seed treatment, because they have fewer adverse effects on seedling emergence and vigour.
Although other studies mention PEs extracted using organic solvents to be the best, the study's recommendation is to ensure that organic solvents are completely removed from PE solutions before using them.