bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estella Atekwana: Autobiographical Notes
Authors: Atekwana Estella A.
Published: November 2022

I describe my career journey from a young girl in Cameroon, West Africa, to a trailblazing geophysicist to my current role as dean. I chronicle my time as a student, the transition to being an early career faculty, launching my research career, and ultimately finding my way to administration. Along the way I helped pioneer biogeophysics as a subdiscipline in geophysics while simultaneously maintaining an international research program in continental rift tectonics. I also describe the many intersectionalities in my life including being the first Black woman in many spaces, being a champion for student success, developing a diverse talent pipeline by enhancing diversity in the geosciences, and navigating academic job searches as part of a dual-career couple. Finally, I acknowledge all those who helped shape my career including the many students I had the opportunity to mentor.▪Many underrepresented minority geoscientists lack the social capital and professional networks critical for their success.▪Geoscience departments must be intentional and deliberate in promoting and ensuring more inclusive workplace environments.▪Dual-career couples remain a major challenge, impacting retention and recruitment of top talent; universities should provide resources to alleviate this challenge.▪Biogeophysics has untapped potential for advancing understanding of subsurface biogeochemical processes and the search for life in extreme environments.▪To date, considerable speculation remains regarding the fundamental geodynamic processes that initiate and sustain the evolution of magma-deficient rifts.
Recent Advances in Chinese Developmental Dyslexia
Authors: Zhang Linjun , Xia Zhichao , Zhao Yang , Shu Hua , Zhang Yang
Published: November 2022

Chinese developmental dyslexia (DD) research provides important insights into the language-universal and language-specific mechanisms underlying dyslexia. In this article, we review recent advances in Chinese DD. Converging behavioral evidence suggests that, while phonological and rapid automatized naming deficits are language universal, orthographic and morphological deficits are specific to the linguistic properties of Chinese. At the neural level, hypoactivation in the left superior temporal/inferior frontal regions in dyslexic children across Chinese and alphabetic languages may indicate a shared phonological processing deficit, whereas hyperactivation in the right inferior occipital/middle temporal regions and atypical activation in the left frontal areas in Chinese dyslexic children may indicate a language-specific compensatory strategy for impaired visual-spatial analysis and a morphological deficit in Chinese DD, respectively. The findings call for further theoretical endeavors to understand the language-universal and Chinese-specific neurobiological mechanisms underlying dyslexia and to design more effective and efficient intervention programs.
Some Right Ways to Analyze (Psycho)Linguistic Data
Authors: Vasishth Shravan
Published: November 2022

Much has been written on the abuse and misuse of statistical methods, including p values, statistical significance, and so forth. I present some of the best practices in statistics using a running example data analysis. Focusing primarily on frequentist and Bayesian linear mixed models, I illustrate some defensible ways in which statistical inference—specifically, hypothesis testing using Bayes factors versus estimation or uncertainty quantification—can be carried out. The key is to not overstate the evidence and to not expect too much from statistics. Along the way, I demonstrate some powerful ideas, including the use of simulation to understand the design properties of one's experiment before running it, visualization of data before carrying out a formal analysis, and simulation of data from the fitted model to understand the model's behavior.
Shared Frailty Methods for Complex Survival Data: A Review of Recent Advances
Authors: Gorfine Malka , Zucker David M.
Published: November 2022

Dependent survival data arise in many contexts. One context is clustered survival data, where survival data are collected on clusters such as families or medical centers. Dependent survival data also arise when multiple survival times are recorded for each individual. Frailty models are one common approach to handle such data. In frailty models, the dependence is expressed in terms of a random effect, called the frailty. Frailty models have been used with both the Cox proportional hazards model and the accelerated failure time model. This article reviews recent developments in the area of frailty models in a variety of settings. In each setting we provide a detailed model description, assumptions, available estimation methods, and R packages.
Study on the Structure and Properties of SrTiO3 Modified K0.5Na0.5NbO3 lead-Free Ceramics with a Sintering Aid of NiO
Authors: Yin Qiyi , Zhang Xianzhao , Cheng Hengwen , Zheng Ruihua , Zhang Quanzheng , Yang Jie
Published: November 2022

In this experiment, a new piezoelectric ceramic system (1-x)K0.5Na0.5NbO3-xSrTiO3−0.4%molNiO (abbreviated as KNNST) with high properties and density was obtained by using K0.5Na0.5NbO3 (abbreviated as KNN) as matrix, adding new component SrTiO3 and sintering aid NiO, and adopting traditional solid-state sintering process at lower sintering temperature. XRD, SEM and other modern test analysis show that when a small amount of sintering aid NiO is added, KNNST ceramic samples with SrTiO3 doping in the range of 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.08 can form a single perovskite structure without any impurity phase. When 0.02 < x < 0.06, KNNST ceramics exist a polymorphic phase boundary (PPB) between orthorhombic and tetragonal phases, and thus excellent properties were obtained when x = 0.04, they are respectively d
33 = 287pC/N, k
p = 48%, ε
r = 1216, tanδ = 2.2%, T
C = 373°C, P
r = 26.5 μC cm−2, E
C = 2.06 kV mm−1. This shows that by introducing new component and adding sintering aid, a new phase boundary can be constructed, a new solid solution ceramic can be formed, and the compactness and electrical properties of the KNNST ceramics can be improved. This provides an effective way to improve the properties of KNN based piezoelectric ceramics, and also provides hope for practical applications.
Review—Methods of Graphene Synthesis and Graphene-Based Electrode Material for Supercapacitor Applications
Authors: Minisha Sivalingam , Vedhi Chinnapiyan , Rajakani Paramasivam
Published: November 2022

Energy is an unseen component of the world’s development and expansion. Energy storage, in addition to supplying energy from primary or secondary energy sources, such as renewables, is an important consideration. In order to meet, the demand for high-energy storage devices has grown globally as a result of rising energy consumption, and research into electrode materials for supercapacitor use has progressed. Various types of carbon-based materials have been used as electrode materials for high-performance supercapacitor applications over the years. Graphene is one of the most extensively used carbon-based materials due to its unique properties, which include a high surface area and great conductivity. To take advantage of more of its intriguing features, graphene is customised to make graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide, which have better water dispersibility and are easy to combine with other materials to form binary or even ternary composites. Due to the fact that binary composites cannot meet the requirements of a high-performance supercapacitor, ternary composites have sparked a lot of attention recently. As a result, a variety of ways have been used to create ternary composites for high-performance supercapacitor applications by combining three different types of electroactive materials. The supercapacitive performance of graphene-based ternary composites with various active components, such as conducting polymers, metal oxide, and other carbon-based materials, is the subject of this research. The performance of graphene-based composites as electrodes in supercapacitors has been greatly improved. This article discusses the synthesis, graphene based supercapacitor electrode materials as well as the application of graphene based nanocomposites as supercapacitor application.
Physiology of chemokines in the cancer microenvironment
Authors: Drouillard Donovan , Craig Brian T. , Dwinell Michael B.
Published: November 2022

Chemokines are chemotactic cytokines whose canonical functions govern movement of receptor-expressing cells along chemical gradients. Chemokines are a physiological system that is finely tuned by ligand and receptor expression, ligand or receptor oligomerization, redundancy, expression of atypical receptors, and non-GPCR binding partners that cumulatively influence discrete pharmacological signaling responses and cellular functions. In cancer, chemokines play paradoxical roles in both the directed emigration of metastatic, receptor-expressing cancer cells out of the tumor as well as immigration of tumor-infiltrating immune cells that culminate in a tumor-unique immune microenvironment. In the age of precision oncology, strategies to effectively harness the power of immunotherapy requires consideration of chemokine gradients within the unique spatial topography and temporal influences with heterogeneous tumors. In this article, we review current literature on the diversity of chemokine ligands and their cellular receptors that detect and process chemotactic gradients and illustrate how differences between ligand recognition and receptor activation influence the signaling machinery that drives cellular movement into and out of the tumor microenvironment. Facets of chemokine physiology across discrete cancer immune phenotypes are contrasted to existing chemokine-centered therapies in cancer.
Prolonged loss of force and power following fatiguing contractions in rat soleus muscles. Is low-frequency fatigue an issue during dynamic contractions?
Authors: Herskind Jon , Kristensen Anders Meldgaard , Ørtenblad Niels , de Paoli Frank , Vissing Kristian , Overgaard Kristian
Published: November 2022

Low-frequency fatigue (LFF) is defined by a relatively larger deficit in isometric force elicited by low-frequency electrical stimulation compared with high-frequency stimulation. However, the effects of LFF on power during dynamic contractions elicited at low and high frequencies have not been thoroughly characterized. In the current study, rat soleus muscles underwent fatiguing either concentric, eccentric, or isometric contractions. Before and 1 h after the fatiguing contractions, a series of brief isometric and dynamic contractions elicited at 20 and 80 Hz stimulation to establish force-velocity relationships. Maximal force (Fmax), velocity (Vmax), and power (Pmax) were assessed for each frequency. Sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ release and reuptake rates were assessed pre- and postfatigue. Prolonged fatigue was observed as a loss of Fmax and Pmax in muscles fatigued by concentric or eccentric, but not by isometric contractions. When quantified as a decrease in the ratio between 20 Hz and 80 Hz contractile output, LFF was more pronounced for isometric force than for power (−21% vs. −16% for concentrically fatigued muscles, P = 0.003; 29 vs. 13% for eccentrically fatigued muscles, P < 0.001). No changes in SR Ca2+ release or reuptake rates were observed. We conclude that LFF is less pronounced when expressed in terms of power deficits than when expressed in terms of force deficits, and that LFF, therefore, likely affects performance to a lesser degree during fast concentric contractions than during static or slow contractions.
Efficacy and Safety of Zhenwu Decoction in the Treatment of Diabetic Nephropathy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Lv Xialin , Zhou Min , Liu Xiu , Xiang Qin , Yu Rong
Published: November 2022

Objective. To perform a systematic evaluation of the clinical efficacy and safety of Zhenwu decoction (ZWD) for the treatment of diabetic nephropathy (DN). Methods. PubMed, the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), the China Science and Technology Journal Database (VIP), the Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), and the WanFang databases were searched, and a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were subsequently conducted to compare the efficacy and safety of ZWD combined with conventional Western medicine (CWM) to conventional therapy alone in the treatment of DN. The Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions and GRADE criteria were utilized to assess the quality of the included literature, and RevMan 5.3 software was used for statistical analysis. Results. 13 randomized controlled trials were included, involving 1347 patients with diabetic nephropathy assigned into two subgroups according to the disease duration. The results revealed that compared with conventional therapy alone, ZWD combined with CWM treatment significantly improved the total effective rate (OR = 3.88, 95% CI = (2.87, 5.26),

P

 < 0.00001). Furthermore, ZWD combination therapy also decreased fasting blood glucose (MD = −0.72, 95% CI = (−0.97, −0.48),

P

 < 0.00001), BUN (MD = −1.92, 95% CI = (−3.19, −0.64),

P

 = 0.003), 24-hour urine protein (MD = −0.48, 95% CI = (−0.57, −0.39),

P

 < 0.00001), and serum creatinine levels (MD = −51.17, 95% CI = (−66.95, −35.39),

P

 < 0.00001). However,there was no statistical significance in the effect of combination therapy on creatinine clearance (MD = −0.64, 95% CI = [−8.21,6.92], P = 0.87). However, there was no statistical significance in the effect of combination therapy oncreatinine clearance (MD =−0.64, 95% CI=[−8.21,6.92], P=0.87). Conclusion. ZWD combined with CWM outperformed conventional Western medicine in DN treatment. However, further investigations via multicenter RCTs with rigorous designs and higher quality are still warranted.
Acoustic Diagnosis of Rolling Bearings Fault of CR400 EMU Traction Motor Based on XWT and GoogleNet
Authors: Yang Gang , Wei Yuqian , Li HengKui
Published: November 2022

Acoustic diagnosis has been a research hotspot in recent years because of the advantages of noncontact signal acquisition. However, acoustic diagnosis technology has not been applied to bearing fault diagnosis of Electric Multiple Units (EMU) traction motor. Traditional fault diagnosis methods are difficult to diagnose acoustic signals with complex noise. An intelligent fault diagnosis method based on Cross Wavelet Transform (XWT) and GoogleNet model is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the fault feature enhancement algorithm is proposed using XWT and bandpass filtering. Secondly, the CR400 EMU traction motor bearing fault test bed is built to collect real fault acoustic signals from two different positions, then XWT is applied to the original signal to identify the fault feature frequency band, then bandpass filtering is used to filter out the noise frequency band other than the fault feature frequency band. Finally, the kurtosis spectrum of the denoised signal and the original signal are input into GoogleNet, respectively, for fault classification. The result shows that (1) GoogleNet achieves 98.23% accuracy in the fault classification for denoised signals, while only 89.66% accuracy for the original signals. (2) Deep learning is an effective method for the acoustic diagnosis of motor bearing faults in EMU trains.
IL-2 Flexible Loops Might Play a Role in IL-2 Interaction with the High-Affinity IL-2 Receptor: A Molecular Dynamics (MD) Study
Authors: L. Alaofi Ahmed
Published: November 2022

The clinical use of high-dose IL-2 in cancer immunotherapy faces several drawbacks such as toxicity and unfavorable pharmacokinetic profile. These drawbacks can be avoided by inhibiting IL-2 interaction with the CD25 subunit, which is a component of the high-affinity IL-2 receptor (IL-2Rαβγ). Several studies showed mutations of potential IL-2 residues such as R38, F42, Y45, and Y72 would produce IL-2 that is CD25-independent. In essence, structural comparison between wild-type (WT) IL-2 and CD25-independent IL-2 can be very insightful to assess the role of IL-2 flexibility and conformation in the IL-2 receptor interactions. Here, we investigated the flexibility loops and conformation of IL-2m (F24A, Y45A, and L72G), which is known to be CD25-independent, and IL-2m2 (F42Y and L72R) mutants along with WT IL-2 using MD simulations. Despite residue mutations, both IL-2m and IL-2m2 showed comparable conformational compactness and better stability than WT IL-2. Interestingly, IL-2m and IL-2m2 mutants showed rigid BC and CD loops in comparison to WT IL-2 . Also, the AB loop conformation of IL-2m was a bent structure compared to the WT IL-2 and IL-2m2. Principal component analysis (PCA) and free-energy landscape results suggested IL-2m and IL-2m2 have stable conformations compared to the WT IL-2. Therefore, these mutation sites of IL-2 produced stable and rigid loops that might prevent IL-2 from binding to the CD25 subunit. Our results can help to assess IL-2 flexibility loops to design new CD25-independent IL-2 mutants without compromising the IL-2 structure.
An Efficient Face Detection and Recognition System Using RVJA and SCNN
Authors: Janarthanan P. , Murugesh V. , Sivakumar N. , Manoharan S.
Published: November 2022

The basic process for an extensive range of security systems functioning in real-time applications is facial recognition. Considering several factors like lower resolution, occlusion, illumination, noise, along with pose variation, a satisfactory outcome was not achieved by various models developed for face recognition (FR). Therefore, by utilizing reconstruction scheme-centric Viola–Jones algorithm (RVJA) and shallowest sketch-centered convolution neural network (SCNN) methodologies, an effectual face detection and recognition (FDR) system has been proposed here by considering the aforementioned factors. Specifically, first, the algorithm identifies faces in a provided image by determining its global facial model in various positions along with poses; then, it sequentially enhanced the recognition outcome by utilizing SCNN. Initially, by employing the RVJA, face detection (FD) has been performed. The unconstrained face images are handled by the proposed RVJA having efficient properties such as boundedness and invariance, together with the ability to rebuild the actual image. After that, for FR, the SCNN methodology is utilized, thus learning the complicated features of the face-detected images. Next, regarding metrics like area under curve (AUC), recognition accuracy (RA), and average precision (AP), the proposed methodology’s experiential outcome is analogized with other prevailing methodologies. The experimental outcome displayed that the facial images are recognized by the proposed model with higher accuracy than that of the other conventional methodologies.
Characteristics of Vaginal Microbiome in Reproductive-Age Females with HPV Infection in Xinjiang, China
Authors: Xia Yan , Feng Ying , Qin Tianhua , Zhao Xiaohua , Lu Jing , Ma Cailing
Published: November 2022

Objective. We investigated the characteristics of vaginal microbiome in reproductive-age females with HPV infection in Xinjiang, China. Methods. A total of 135 females of reproductive age were enrolled. There were 43 healthy HPV-negative females in control group (N group), 58 HPV-positive females in nonlesion group (P1 group), and 34 HPV-positive females in low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion group (P2 group). DNA was extracted from the vaginal secretions, and V3–V4 regions of bacterial 16S rDNA were amplified and sequenced by NovaSeq. QIIME2 and R software were used to perform diversity analysis of bacteria. PICRUSt2 was used to predict the function of the vaginal microbiota. Results. Lactobacillus was the main genus of vaginal microbiota in asymptomatic reproductive-age females with or without HPV in Xinjiang. The diversity of vaginal microbiota in the P1 group was significantly higher than that in the N group, and the proportion of Gardnerella increased significantly. The vaginal microbiota structure of the P2 group was different from the N group, characterized by the decrease of Lactobacillus crispatus and the increase of Shuttleworthia. The function of the inordinate microbiome may play a role in accelerating HPV replication and integration. Conclusion. The structure of vaginal microbiota alters under persistent HPV infection in asymptomatic females of reproductive age in Xinjiang. The Gardnerella increase is associated with increased susceptibility to HPV infection, and Lactobacillus iners predominance and Shuttleworthia presence may be a signature of HPV infection with low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion.
Olfactory Cleft Length: A Possible Risk Factor for Persistent Post-COVID-19 Olfactory Dysfunction
Authors: Alves de Sousa Francisco , Tarrio João , Sousa Machado André , Costa Joana Raquel , Pinto Catarina , Nóbrega Pinto Ana , Moreira Bruno , Meireles Luís
Published: November 2022

Introduction: To date, little is known about predisposing factors for persistent COVID-19-induced olfactory dysfunction (pCIOD). The objective was to determine whether olfactory cleft (OC) measurements associate with pCIOD risk. Material and Methods: Three subgroups were recruited: group A included patients with pCIOD, group B included patients without olfactory dysfunction following SARS-CoV-2 infection (ntCIOD), and group C consisted in controls without past history of SARS-CoV-2 infection (noCOVID-19). Olfactory perception threshold (OPT) and visual analog scale for olfactory impairment (VAS-olf) were obtained. OC measurements were obtained through computed tomography scans. Results were subsequently compared. Results: A total of 55 patients with a mean age of 39 ± 10 years were included. OPT was significantly lower in pCIOD patients (group A: 4.2 ± 2.1 vs. group B: 12.3 ± 1.8 and group C: 12.2 ± 1.5, p < 0.001). VAS-olf was significantly higher in pCIOD (group A: 6 ± 2.6 vs. group B: 1.7 ± 1.6 and group C: 1.6 ± 1.5, p < 0.001). OC length was significantly higher in group A (42.8 ± 4.6) compared to group B (39.7 ± 3.4, p = 0.047) and C (39.8 ± 4, p = 0.037). The odd of pCIOD occurring after COVID-19 infection increased by 21% (95% CI [0.981, 1.495]) for a one unit (mm) increase in OC length. The odd of pCIOD occurring was 6.9 times higher when OC length >40 mm. Conclusion: Longer OC may be a predisposing factor for pCIOD. This study is expected to encourage further research on OC morphology and its impact on olfactory disorders.
Translation into Spanish Language (México), Transcultural Adaptation, and Validation of the Quality of Life Questionnaire in Female Pattern Hair Loss (WAA-QoL-Sp)
Authors: Espinoza-González Nelly Alejandra , Carmona Hernandez Esther , Martinez Suárez Hugo Vicente , Tosti Antonella
Published: November 2022

Background: The Women’s Androgenetic Alopecia Quality of Life (WAA-QoL) questionnaire is the only available specific instrument to evaluate QoL in female pattern hair loss (FPHL) patients. It is made of 16 questions with 6 alternatives, is self-administered, and has not yet been adapted or validated to Spanish. Objectives: The objective of the study was to translate into Spanish, culturally adapt, and validate the WAA-QoL questionnaire. Methods: The translated version (WAA-QoL-sp) was submitted to 453 general population women by e-mail after authorization by the author, translation, and adaptation to Spanish of the WAA-QoL questionnaire. Results: A total of 453 women were evaluated; the median age was 39 years, and there was high internal consistency: Cronbach’s alpha was 0.969 for the WAA-QoL-sp. Study Limitations: Sampling of subjects was from diverse Spanish-speaking countries (such as Mexico, Colombia, Chile, Venezuela, Cuba, and Spain) but not from all Spanish-speaking countries. Conclusions: A Spanish version of the WAA-QoL questionnaire was translated and adapted, which proved to be consistent and a valid tool for assessment of FPHL.
Reliability of Self-Report Data on Age of Onset in Essential Tremor: Data from a Prospective, Longitudinal Cohort
Authors: Louis Elan D. , Nguyen Diep , Ghanem Ali
Published: November 2022

Background: Essential tremor (ET) is a highly prevalent neurological disease. Age of onset can occur anytime between childhood and advanced age. Tremor generally starts insidiously. Age of onset is a particularly important data item in clinical and epidemiological research. In general, these data are self-reported by ET cases. A fundamental question is whether ET cases reliably report their age of onset. Methods: In this prospective, epidemiological study of 125 ET cases, self-reported age of onset data were collected at regular 18 months intervals over four time points. Results: The correlation between self-reported age of onset was high – intra-class correlation coefficient = 0.972 (95% confidence interval = 0.962–0.980, p < 0.001). However, agreement was not perfect. Approximately 20–25% of participant’s reports at different time intervals differed by as much as 10 years, and approximately 10% of participant’s reports differed by as much as 20 years. Conclusions: There was a robust correlation between self-reports of age of onset. Yet in a not-insignificant number of cases, there were considerable differences, some of which were substantial. These findings have broad implications for development of diagnostic algorithms, data stratification schemes, and analyses that assess correlations between biomarker data and clinical features (e.g., disease duration).
Pengaruh Beban Kerja, Lingkungan Kerja, Pengembangan Karir dan Kompensasi Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan
Authors: Tanjung Rona , Asmarazisa Dhenny , Aprielianto Hafiz , Yanto batara silalahi Rudi , Sahara
Published: November 2022

The results and analysis carried out in this study indicate that there are still problems that must be resolved. This study aims to determine the effect of workload, work environment, career development, and compensation on employee performance outcomes. This research uses quantitative research with survey method using multiple regression test. The population in this study was 63 people. Sampling was done by saturated sampling method where the total population was used as the research sample. Research data obtained by using a questionnaire instrument that has passed the validity and reliability test. The results of this study are that the workload, work environment, career development, and compensation have a joint or simultaneous effect on employee performance with the results of the F test with the acquisition of a calculated F value of 8.689 and the value of Sig. 0.000 (sign 0.000 < 0.05). Then on the results of the t test, it is known that the workload has a negative and insignificant effect on employee performance with a t value of -0.654 and sig. 0,516, the work environment variable is known to have a positive and significant effect on employee performance with a t value of 2.693 and sig. 0.009, the career development variable is known to have no positive and significant effect on employee performance with a t value of 1.410 and sig. 0.164, the compensation variable is known to have a negative and insignificant effect on employee performance with a t value of -1.049 and sig. 0.299.
Penerapan Analisis Regresi Nonparametrik dengan Pendekatan Regresi Kernel dan Spline
Authors: Sihombing Pardomuan Robinson , Famalika Ade
Published: November 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menerapkan regresi nonparametrik menggunakan regresi kernel dan spline. Regresi kernel menggunakan metode penaksir Nadaraya-Watson (NWE) dan penaksir Polinomial Lokal (LPE), sedangkan untuk regresi spline adalah smoothing spline dan b-splines. Metode ini diterapkan dalam menganalisis pola hubungan Pertumbuhan Produksi Industri (PPI) dan Tingkat Pajak Perusahaan (TPP). Hasil pengepasan kurva (fitting curve) menunjukkan bahwa model regresi nonparametrik terbaik adalah model regresi b-splines dengan degree 2 dan jumlah knot 5. Hal ini dikarenakan model regresi b-splines memiliki kurva yang halus dan terlihat  lebih mengikuti sebaran data dibandingkan kurva model regresi lainnya.  TPP berpengaruh signifikan negatif terhadap PPI artinya kenaikan TPP akan menurunkan PPI. Oleh sebab itu perlu kebijakan yang komprehensif dalam menerapkan nilai TPP agar tetap dapat meningkatkan produktivitas industri.
Mengukur Output Gap Ekonomi Maluku Utara (Pendekatan Hodrick-Prescott Filter)
Authors: Jacob Jufri , Waibot Zulkifly
Published: November 2022

Development anywhere will always be faced with fluctuating conditions or the ups and downs of economic growth. In the discourse "New Neo-Classical Synthesis" which by (Hubbard, 2014; Gordon, 2014; Mitchell, 2019 and Insukindro, 2020), sees economic fluctuations that can lead to recession and expansion. How to measure the output gap or economic fluctuation that occurred in North Maluku Province and its relationship with economic indicators.

Estimation of economic fluctuations uses the Hodrick-Prescott Filter method, which is an econometric method to describe the frequency of time series data becoming trends in an economic cycle. The results showed that North Maluku's economic fluctuations were actually dominated by economic recessions rather than expansion. In the first quarter of 2020, if you use the standard macroeconomic approach, there will still be economic expansion fluctuations (3.06), but the New Neo-Classical Synthesis method since the first quarter has experienced an economic recession (-1.42). Meanwhile, the movement patterns are unidirectional or procyclic, there are also opposites or contersiclic.
Manganese-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Takotsubo Syndrome
Authors: Singh Trisha , Joshi Shruti , Kershaw Lucy E. , Baker Andy H. , McCann Gerry P. , Dawson Dana K. , Dweck Marc R. , Semple Scott I. , Newby David E.
Published: November 2022

Background:

Takotsubo syndrome is an acute cardiac emergency characterized by transient left ventricular systolic dysfunction typically following a stressful event. Despite its rapidly rising incidence, its pathophysiology remains poorly understood. Takotsubo syndrome may pass unrecognized, especially if timely diagnostic imaging is not performed. Defective myocardial calcium homeostasis is a central cause of contractile dysfunction and has not been explored in takotsubo syndrome. We aimed to investigate myocardial calcium handling using manganese-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging during the acute and recovery phases of takotsubo syndrome.

Methods:

Twenty patients with takotsubo syndrome (63±12 years of age; 90% female) and 20 volunteers matched on age, sex, and cardiovascular risk factors (59±11 years of age; 70% female) were recruited from the Edinburgh Heart Centre between March 2020 and October 2021. Patients underwent gadolinium and manganese-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging during index hospitalization with repeat manganese-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging performed after at least 3 months.

Results:

Compared with matched control volunteers, patients had a reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (51±11 versus 67±8%;
P
<0.001), increased left ventricular mass (86±11 versus 57±14 g/m
2
;
P
<0.001), and, in affected myocardial segments, elevated native T1 (1358±49 versus 1211±28 ms;
P
<0.001) and T2 (60±7 versus 38±3 ms;
P
<0.0001) values at their index presentation. During manganese-enhanced imaging, kinetic modeling demonstrated a substantial reduction in myocardial manganese uptake (5.1±0.5 versus 8.2±1.1 mL/[100 g of tissue ·min], respectively;
P
<0.0001), consistent with markedly abnormal myocardial calcium handling. After recovery, left ejection fraction, left ventricular mass, and T2 values were comparable with those of matched control volunteers. Despite this, native and postmanganese T1 and myocardial manganese uptake remained abnormal compared with matched control volunteers (6.6±0.5 versus 8.2±1.1 mL/[100 g of tissue ·min];
P
<0.0001).

Conclusions:

In patients with takotsubo syndrome, there is a profound perturbation of myocardial manganese uptake, which is most marked in the acute phase but persists for at least 3 months despite apparent restoration of normal left ventricular ejection fraction and resolution of myocardial edema, suggesting abnormal myocardial calcium handling may be implicated in the pathophysiology of takotsubo syndrome. Manganese-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging has major potential to assist in the diagnosis, characterization, and risk stratification of patients with takotsubo syndrome.

Registration:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT04623788.
Noncanonical Form of ERAD Regulates Cardiac Hypertrophy
Authors: Blackwood Erik A. , MacDonnell Lauren F. , Thuerauf Donna J. , Bilal Alina S. , Murray Victoria B. , Bedi Kenneth C. , Margulies Kenneth B. , Glembotski Christopher C.
Published: November 2022

Background:

Cardiac hypertrophy increases demands on protein folding, which causes an accumulation of misfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). These misfolded proteins can be removed by the adaptive retrotranslocation, polyubiquitylation, and a proteasome-mediated degradation process, ER-associated degradation (ERAD), which, as a biological process and rate, has not been studied in vivo. To investigate a role for ERAD in a pathophysiological model, we examined the function of the functional initiator of ERAD, valosin-containing protein–interacting membrane protein (VIMP), positing that VIMP would be adaptive in pathological cardiac hypertrophy in mice.

Methods:

We developed a new method involving cardiac myocyte-specific adeno-associated virus serovar 9–mediated expression of the canonical ERAD substrate, TCRα, to measure the rate of ERAD, ie, ERAD flux, in the heart in vivo. Adeno-associated virus serovar 9 was also used to either knock down or overexpress VIMP in the heart. Then mice were subjected to transverse aortic constriction to induce pressure overload–induced cardiac hypertrophy.

Results:

ERAD flux was slowed in both human heart failure and mice after transverse aortic constriction. Surprisingly, although VIMP adaptively contributes to ERAD in model cell lines, in the heart, VIMP knockdown increased ERAD and ameliorated transverse aortic constriction–induced cardiac hypertrophy. Coordinately, VIMP overexpression exacerbated cardiac hypertrophy, which was dependent on VIMP engaging in ERAD. Mechanistically, we found that the cytosolic protein kinase SGK1 (serum/glucocorticoid regulated kinase 1) is a major driver of pathological cardiac hypertrophy in mice subjected to transverse aortic constriction, and that VIMP knockdown decreased the levels of SGK1, which subsequently decreased cardiac pathology. We went on to show that although it is not an ER protein, and resides outside of the ER, SGK1 is degraded by ERAD in a noncanonical process we call ERAD-Out. Despite never having been in the ER, SGK1 is recognized as an ERAD substrate by the ERAD component DERLIN1, and uniquely in cardiac myocytes, VIMP displaces DERLIN1 from initiating ERAD, which decreased SGK1 degradation and promoted cardiac hypertrophy.

Conclusions:

ERAD-Out is a new preferentially favored noncanonical form of ERAD that mediates the degradation of SGK1 in cardiac myocytes, and in so doing is therefore an important determinant of how the heart responds to pathological stimuli, such as pressure overload.
Prayer, Magic and Memory in Plotinus’ Treatise on the Soul (Enneads iv 4 [28], 30-45)
Authors: Helleman Wendy Elgersma
Published: November 2022

In an environment where astrology was widely respected, Plotinus accepted the role of heavenly bodies in answering prayer. Considering them divine, he denied them the use of memory (iv 4, 6-8); how then could he explain response to prayer received after an interval of time? Plotinus was also concerned to deny attributing intentionality in any response given, for good or evil, since that would make the astral deities responsible also for morally dubious answers. In his treatment of the issue in this passage, Plotinus draws on a lengthy earlier discussion of the role of memory in the soul’s thinking and knowing (iv 3, 25-iv 4, 12), as associated primarily with that which exists in time and is characterized by αἴσθησις, i.e., the lower soul belonging to the composite living being (iv 3, 25.12-14; iv 4, 16-17). If astral deities have bodies, these are of a highly refined fiery nature, and can be affected only inasmuch as they participate in the cosmic circuit. What suppliants may regard as intentional response must therefore be understood as the effect of a type of ‘linking’ of the universe as a living organism in which all parts are coordinated in an interrelationship characterized by sympathy. This is why answers to prayer represent no more than the unintended reaction of natural forces in the universe, the very same forces also responsible for effective use of magic. If Plotinus does not assign much value to prayer, he does recognize that, as with magic, such incantations may have a harmful effect, if only for the lower soul. He therefore warns the wise person to guard against such outcomes by focusing the soul in its contemplation of what is higher, i.e., its inner life.
Clinocera Meigen of Thailand (Diptera: Empididae: Clinocerinae)
Authors: SINCLAIR BRADLEY J. , PLANT ADRIAN R.
Published: November 2022

Eight new species of Clinocera Meigen from Thailand are described and illustrated (C. abbreviata sp. nov., C. areeluckorum sp. nov., C. courtneyi sp. nov., C. gracilis sp. nov., C. rostrata sp. nov., C. spatulata sp. nov., C. srisukai sp. nov., C. univittata sp. nov.). A key to Thailand species is provided. Distributions, phenology and biogeography are discussed. Several Thailand species also occur in Bhutan, China and Vietnam.
Derivation of New Daily Rainfall Values from TAO 1-Min Rain Gauge Data
Authors: Cook Werner E. , Greene J. Scott
Published: November 2022

Daily rainfall accumulation estimates have been derived from 1-min volume data collected via self-syphon rain gauges deployed in the Tropical Atmosphere–Ocean (TAO) array of oceanographic buoys. The underlying high-resolution volume data were obtained directly from the Global Tropical Moored Buoy Array (GTMBA) Project Office of NOAA/Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory. The derived accumulations have been incorporated into the Pacific Rainfall (PACRAIN) database as estimated daily values to augment existing sea level oceanic rainfall records gathered using traditional rain gauges. They have also been included in the PACRAIN historical, monthly gridded rainfall product. The methodology presented, which employs differencing of least squares–regressed sensor levels about 0000 UTC and rain gauge syphon events, is shown to offer improved error characteristics over the methodology used to compute previously published GTMBA rain rates. In particular, the PACRAIN method yields larger coefficients of determination and smaller standard errors than the duplicated GTMBA method when applied to synthetic rainfall data with noise magnitude and decorrelation times encompassing those observed in the real 1-min data. These results are shown to be consistent with mathematical expectations. Sources of instrument and catchment errors, as well as evaporation, are discussed in the context of their potential effects on accumulation estimates for periods of a day or longer.

Significance Statement

In this paper, we describe the derivation of daily rainfall amounts from raw rain gauge data obtained from buoy-mounted rain gauges. These new accumulation estimates expand the store of rainfall estimates from locations approximating the open-ocean conditions of the tropical Pacific Ocean. The derivation technique we describe exhibits better performance than the method used to generate previously published estimates using the same dataset.
Rethinking Dependency and Knowledge Production Amid China’s Rise
Authors: Tenzin Jinba , Lee Chengpang
Published: November 2022

There remains a serious lack of a comprehensive examination of academic dependency, decolonization, and indigenization in China and East Asia. Our special issue is intended to fill this gap by situating this issue in the Chinese context, thanks to China’s extraordinary leaps in its economy and higher education and enhanced indigenizing movements. In particular, we hope to open a new dialog on the dynamic relationship between the rise of China, academic (and other) dependency, and global knowledge production. Our findings show that China’s rise complicates and enriches our understanding of dependency. For instance, despite the state-orchestrated indigenization in Chinese academia and China’s potential role as a new global hub of knowledge production, its academia, especially social science, is still highly dependent upon the Western academic center for ideas and recognition. This is partly exemplified by the fact that Chinese universities attach great importance to Western-acknowledged academic excellence through the global university rankings. However, we argue that the existing academic dependency theory fails to capture and explain this complex situation. In so doing, we call for a paradigm shift in rethinking academic dependency by placing it in the multilayered and multi-domain dependency circumstances and conditions. In advancing this agenda, we advocate a field-grounded and cross-disciplinary approach.
The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and earthquake on mental health of persons with severe mental illness: A survey study among people receiving community mental health care versus treatment as usual in Croatia
Authors: Levaj Sarah , Medved Sara , Grubišin Jasmina , Tomašić Lea , Brozić Kristina , Shields-Zeeman Laura , Bolinski Felix , Rojnic Kuzman Martina
Published: November 2022

Background:

The COVID-19 pandemic led to the disruption of mental health services in most countries. Croatia has been developing and strengthening its mental health system, including the introduction of community mental health teams (CMHT) for persons with severe mental illness (SMI), whose implementation was ongoing during the pandemic through the RECOVER-E project.

Aims:

The aim of this study was to assess the differences in mental health outcomes, perceived social support and healthcare utilization in the group of participants receiving treatment as usual (TAU group) compared to the group receiving TAU and additional care by the CMHT (CMHT group) during the COVID-19 pandemic and two earthquakes.

Method:

This is a cross-sectional survey administered among 90 participants with SMI at two time points: in May/June 2020 (first COVID-19 wave, earthquake) and in December 2020/January 2021 (second COVID-19 wave, earthquake).

Results:

A significantly larger proportion of participants from the CMHT group visited the general practitioners in both waves of COVID-19 (first wave: CMHT 72.1%, TAU 44.2%, p = .009; second wave: CMHT 91.1%, TAU 64.1%, p = .003), as well as psychiatric services in the second wave (CMHT 95.3%, TAU 79.5%, p = .028). The use of long-acting injectables was also more frequent in the CMHT group ( p = .039). Furthermore, analysis of the first wave showed higher perceived support of significant others ( p = .004) in the CMHT group. We did not identify any differences in mental health outcomes between groups in either wave.

Conclusions:

While mental health outcomes did not differ between TAU and CMHT group, people in CMHT used services and treatments more frequently than those in TAU during the pandemic, which may indicate that CMHT services enable the continuity and accessibility of care for people with SMI under the circumstances where standard care is interruped (for example pandemic, disaster conditions).
The effect of model dimensionality on compression strength of fiber reinforced composites
Authors: Safdar Nabeel , Daum Benedikt , Rolfes Raimund
Published: November 2022

Strength of fiber reinforced polymers (FRPs) under compression loads is typically limited by a shear localization failure mode called microbuckling which is highly sensitive to fiber misalignment. In addition to the magnitude of fiber misalignment, the dimensionality of fiber misalignment also plays a prominent role in the prediction of compression strength. Therefore, a comparison between 1D, 2D, and 3D fiber misalignment is carried out in a finite element setting with a homogenized representation of fiber and matrix materials. In real FRP structures, fiber misalignment is spread in a correlated random manner throughout the material volume resulting in a distribution of compression strength. Spectral representation method is used for developing the volumetric representation of fiber misalignment in numerical models, thus preserving the spatial correlations of fiber misalignment. As an input to the spectral representation method, two different functional forms of spectral density of the fiber misalignment are considered. The results of model series based on functional forms of spectral density are also compared against a reference model series based on experimental measurements of the fiber misalignment. Finally, a simple relation is proposed for prediction of compression strength at different percentiles of distribution of failure strengths with regard to scaling of mean square spectral density.
The Relationship Between Cultural Engagement and Psychological Well-being Among Indigenous Adolescents: A Systematic Review
Authors: Doery Elizabeth , Satyen Lata , Paradies Yin , Toumbourou John W.
Published: November 2022

The disproportionate burden of mental illness experienced by Indigenous adolescents is well established. Therefore, this review focused on how the well-being of Indigenous adolescents can be better promoted. The review identified studies that examined the relationship between cultural engagement and psychological well-being among Indigenous adolescents. To achieve this, a systematic search of published literature across seven online databases including Medline and EMBASE was conducted between October and November 2020. To meet the inclusion criteria, studies were required to include a sample of Indigenous adolescents and measure the relationship between psychological well-being and cultural engagement. Twenty-five studies met the inclusion criteria, yielding a total sample size of 19,231 participants. Eighteen studies (72%) reported a significant positive relationship between cultural engagement and psychological well-being, four studies (16%) reported a nonsignificant relationship, and three studies (12%) reported mixed findings. Despite measuring different domains of culture across the 25 studies, these findings demonstrate relatively strong evidence of a positive association between cultural engagement and psychological well-being. They highlight the importance of culture for young Indigenous Peoples in developing a positive well-being. In the future, researchers should focus on specifying how intervention factors contribute to cultural engagement effects and establish further contributors to well-being and positive development among Indigenous adolescents. The findings of this review advance our understanding of how Indigenous Peoples interpret culture and their engagement with this culture. This has implications for policy, programs, and interventions intended to enhance well-being outcomes for Indigenous communities.