bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Applying Contract Farming Modelin Welfare-Enhancing Effort for Palm Oil Farmers in Sanggau Regency (West Kalimantan)
Authors: . Jamaliah
Published: March 2018

The main problem in this research is to find out how contract farming (CF) model can be implemented and optimized in the welfare-enhancing efforts for the palm oil farmers in Meliau District, Sanggau Regency. This research aims to generate an insight of social, economy, and demography condition of the palm oil farmers, as well as determining the contract farming model as a welfare-enhancing effort.This research employs qualitative method based on the information from the parties involved, such as farmers, businessmen, government, and notable figures among society. The data are analyzed using interpretation method so that the information meaning can be understood and further strengthen the analysis and conclusion.This study’s findings are: 1) the population growth is caused by the increasing number of migration and the labor force (which is encompassed 56.37 percent of total population) mostly works as palm oil farmers; 2) contract farming model is verylikely to be conducted through agreement, understanding, and similarity of vision in production, input management, technology, product quantity and quality, price, and marketing; and 3) the provincial and regional governments roles (also notable figures’, NGO’s, and universities’ roles) are immensely great in supporting and monitoring the CF model.
Women's Empowerment and Fertility Behaviour among the Tribals of Rajasthan, India
Authors: Patidar Hemant
Published: March 2018

Fertility has declined in India during the last few decades because of socio-economic development. Women's empowerment has been identified as an important determinant for demographic change. Tribals in India have relatively high fertility because of their traditional socio-cultural practices and poor economic condition. This study aims to examine the role of women's empowerment on fertility behaviour by utilising primary data collected from ten tribal dominated districts of Rajasthan. These tribal communities belong to the Bhils, the Meenas and the Saharias. Results reveal that women's empowerment is negatively associated with fertility behaviour. Women's education, employability, participation in decision-making, exposure to media and spousal communication bear significant impact on fertility behaviour. This study may have some implications for future studies and policy makers for regulating fertility.
Testing for Causality-In-Mean and Variance between the UK Housing and Stock Markets
Authors: Toyoshima Yuki
Published: March 2018

This paper employs the two-step procedure developed by Cheung and Ng (1996) to analyze the causality-in-mean and causality-in-variance between the housing and stock markets of the UK. The empirical findings make two key contributions. First, although previous studies have indicated a one-way causal relation from the housing market to the stock market in the UK, this paper discovered a two-way causal relation between them. Second, a causality-in-variance as well as a causality-in-mean was detected from the housing market to the stock market.
PENGARUH KEPRIBADIAN (EKSTROVERT VS INTROVERT) TERHADAP WATER FOOTPRINT SISWA SEKOLAH MENENGAH ATAS DI JAKARTA
Authors: Putrawan I Made , Sigit Diana Vivanti , Maria Angela
Published: March 2018

The increasing of economic growth evoked the prosperity of its citizen which subsequently would lead to the consumption behaviors of such population for goods andservices. Ecological Footprint is a individual or population as well as the services needed to assimilate west in term of land. Social factors, such as personality, is known as a crucial factor that cause the consumption pattern of individuals is vary considerably. This research was aimed to determine the effect of personality on Ecological Footprint of students at senior high school in Jakarta. Measuring of Ecological Footprint is concentrated on water using at home and school. The activities of water using focused on urinating, defecating, face washing, taking a bath, hand washing, and ritual ablution before Moslem prayers. Water Footprint was calculated from 54 students enrolled in SMAN 107 which are selected acording to simple random sampling, Cakung Jakarta Timur This study was conducted from January to February 2016. The finding indicated that there was no significantly difference between extraversion and intraversion based on their total Water Footprint value.
PENGEMBANGAN PALUDARIUM SEBAGAI MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN BIOLOGI POKOK BAHASAN EKOSISTEM DI SMA
Authors: Komala Ratna , Suryanda Ade , Lismana Diana Dia
Published: March 2018

Paludarium is one the art of landscape design in a container with visualizing terrestrial ecosystem, aquatic ecosystem, and air ecosystem, so looks like a real in nature. Paludarium can be potential as a media of learning ecosytem. The aims of this research was to develop paludarium as Biology learning media on the subject of ecosystem and know the feasibility of paludarium as learning media. The research was held at Senior High School 38 Jakarta with using research and development method. Analysis of potential and problems, paludarium design, validation design, paludarium revision, paludarium try out were the steps in the research. Paludarium received the average score was 84,2% that achieved good interpretation. The average value  to limited field try out (36 students) of the test after using paludarium was 82.77. The average value to wide scale field try out (72 students) of the test after using paludarium was 83.54. The mastery of classical learning to limited field try out after using paludarium was 97.2% and to wide scale field try out after using paludarium was 81.9%. The result of this research showed that the paludarium could be utilized as one of Biology learning media on the subject of ecosytem at senior high school.
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PEER INSTRUCTION FLIP DAN FLIPPED CLASSROOM TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR KOGNITIF SISWA PADA MATERI SISTEM EKSKRESI
Authors: Rusdi Rusdi , Evriyani Dian , Praharsih Dwi Khaerunnisa
Published: March 2018

Achievement of learning process can be seen from student cognitive learning outcome. Learning model plays an important role in student cognitive learning achievement. The introduction and implementation of Peer Instruction Flip model and Flipped Classroom are expected to increase the cognitive learning outcomes of students. The research was conducted in SMAN 6 Tangerang on Mei-Juni 2015. The reseach method used was a quasi experiment. The research sample used was XI MIA 1 (Peer Instruction Flip model) and XI MIA 3 (Flipped Classroom model) and XI MIA 2 (STAD model) who collected by Simple Random Sampling. Prerequisite test analysis of normality was the Kolmogorov-Smirnov and homogeneity test with the Bartlett test. Based on calculation, data obtained was normally distributes and homogeneously. The statistical hypothesis with Anava one way test result on rejected null hypothesis at α 0,05. It can be concluded that there was effect of Peer Instruction Flip and Flipped Classroom learning model toward student cognitive learning outcome in Excretory System material.
PENGARUH PENERAPAN MODEL RECIPROCAL TEACHING TERINTEGRASI MIND MAPPING TERHADAP PEMAHAMAN KONSEP SISWA PADA MATERI FILUM ARTHROPODA
Authors: Sartono Nurmasari , Komala Ratna , Dumayanti Helda
Published: March 2018

The Arthropoda Phyllum is part of the Biology subject that requires an understanding of concepts. One of models for these subject is a reciprocal teaching integrated mind mapping model. This model make the students better to understand and easier to remember it for the relationship between various concepts, and their visualization and image colours. The purpose of this research was to know the effect of reciprocal teaching integrated mind mapping model application towards to student’s understanding concept on Arthropoda Phyllum. The research was conducted in SMA 105 Jakarta from February until March 2016. The research method was used a quasi-experimental with research design posttest-only control group design. Sample handling technical was used simple random sampling method. The instrument of these method was comperehension concept posttest in the form of multiple choice objective test accompanied by CRI index (Certainty of Response Index) or the scale of confidence of respondents in answering questions. Based on data analysis result, showed that data as normally distributed and homogeny. The conclusions of this research show there is effect of application reciprocal teaching integrated mind mapping model toward student’s comperehension concept on Phyllum Arthropoda.
PENGEMBANGAN KOMIK BERBASIS PETA KONSEP SEBAGAI MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN PADA MATERI SISTEM SARAF DI SMA
Authors: Evriyani Dian , Rusdi Rusdi , Indraswary Ayu
Published: March 2018

Comics are one of media which can be used for learning purposes. Attractive visual element of comic allowing students to learn about challenging biology concepts. Therefore, this research was aimed to develop concept map based comic as learning media on Nervous System. This study was conducted from April to June 2016 at SMAN 91 Jakarta, using research and development method. There were six steps had been done continuously: need assessment, objective formulation, material development, instruments development, media development, and try-out and revision. The developed product received very good interpretation in all feasibility try-outs. The average of percentage score for feasibility try-out gained from media experts, material experts, small group of students try-out, and for Biology teacher try-out were 86,5%, 92,6%, 85,4%, 85,7%, and 85,5% respectively. The product’s average percentage of feasibility score was 87,1%, which indicated that the product obtained a very good interpretation. As a conclusion, this concept map based comic was qualified as a learning media on Nervous System in senior high school.
STUDI KOMPARATIF HASIL BELAJAR BIOLOGI DIDASARKAN PADA PERSEPSI SISWA TERHADAP IKLIM KELAS (CLASSROOM ENVIRONMENT SCALE/CES): STUDI EX POST FACTO PADA SISWA DI SMAN 1 JAKARTA
Authors: Sigit Diana Vivanti , Putrawan I Made , Sulfitania Claudia
Published: March 2018

Learning is closely associated in determining student learning outcomes. In the process of teaching and learning, teachers have an important role in the achievement of learning goals. One indicator of achievement learning goals can be seen from the results of student learning outcomes. Teachers belonging to the environmental conditions or climate. Student’s perceptions of classroom climate greatly affect student learning outcomes. The purpose of this research was to determine differences in biology of learning outcomes based on student’s perceptions of classroom climate (Classroom Environment Scale/CES). This research was held in 1 High School Jakarta on April-May 2016. This type of research was quantitative with ex post facto method through comparative studies. The subjects of research were students of class X IPA with a total sample of 54 students were selected by Simple Random Sampling. Data collection techniques by using achievement test biological and Classroom Environment Scale (CES). The analysis prerequisite test was used the test for normality with the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and homogeneity test with F-test. Based on the calculations, data were normally distributed and homogeneous. Hypothesis testing was done through t-test. The results of the t-test for biology learning outcomes shows that there was differences between biology learning outcomes both positive and negative student’s perceptions of classroom climate (Classroom Environment Scale/CES).
PENGARUH PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN GROUP INVESTIGATION (GI) TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR ANALISIS SISWA PADA MATERI PENCEMARAN LINGKUNGAN
Authors: Suryanda Ade , Azrai Eka Putri , Wari Nares
Published: March 2018

The analytical thinking skill is a part of the higher order thinking process. The analytical thinking skill is needed to solve a problem in learning process. The analytical thinking has 5 process, there are matching, classifying, analyzing errors, generalizing, and specifying. Group Investigation (GI) model is applied in learning to improve the analytical thinking skill of students in environmental pollution. This research aimed to determine the influence of applying Group Investigation (GI) model on student analytical thinking skill in environmental pollution. This research was held  on second semester of academic year 2015/2016 on April until May 2016 in Labschool Kebayoran Junior High School. The kind of this research is a quantitative research with quasi experiment methods. The subject of this research is students in Class VII-B and VII-F Labschool Kebayoran Junior High School.  The instrument which used are essay post-test with 15 questions and carried out-learning observations sheet. Based on the result of research, obtained the mean of the analytical thinking skills score test in experiment class is higher than control class, that is 78,46 > 69,43. The prerequisite test shows that data normally distributed and class groups derived from a homogenous population. The hypothesis test uses t-test on 0,05 significant level  shows that there is an influence of applying Group Investigation (GI) model on student analytical thinking skill in environmental pollution.
MODEL LATIHAN SMASH SEPAKTAKRAW BERBASIS STAND BALL UNTUK ATLET DKI
Authors: Munandar Haris
Published: March 2018

Tujuan dari penelitian dan pengembangan ini adalah untuk menghasilkan model latihan smash sepaktakraw berbasis standball untuk atlit DKI Jakarta. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian pengembangan Research & Development (R & D) dari Borg and Gall. Subyek dalam penelitian dan pengembangan ini adalah Atlit DKI Jakarta yang terdiri dari 20 atlit ujioba terbatas (ujicoba kelompok kecil), 40 atlit ujicoba utama (field testing) dan 50 Uji efektifitas model. Uji efektifitas model menggunakan tes smash sepaktakraw untuk mengetahui tingkat kemampuan smash sepaktakraw untuk atlet DKI Jakarta sebelum pemberian treatmen berupa model latihan smash sepaktakraw yang didesain dan untuk mengetahui tingkat kemampuan smash sepaktakraw setelah perlakuan atau treatmen model smash sepaktakraw berbasis standball yang didesain tersebut, dari tes awal yang dilakukan diperoleh tingkat smash sepaktakraw atlit sebesar 11,80, kemudian setelah diberikan perlakuan berupa model smash sepaktakraw berbasis standball diperoleh tingkat kemampuan smash sepaktakraw atlet sebesar 20,68. Maka model latihan smash sepaktakraw ini efektif dalam meningkatkan latihan smash sepaktakraw untuk atlet DKI Jakarta. Berdasarkan hasil pengembangan dapat disimpulkan bahwa: (1) Dengan model latihan smash sepaktakraw berbasis standball untuk atlet DKI Jakarta dapat dikembangkan dan diterapkan dalam latihan smash sepaktakraw  (2) Dengan model latihan smash sepaktakraw berbasis standball untuk atlet DKI Jakarta yang telah dikembangkan, diperoleh bukti adanya peningkatan ini di tunjukan pada hasil pengujian data hasil pretes dan posttest adanya perbedaan yang signifikan antara sebelum dan sesudah adanya perlakuan model smash sepaktakraw berbasis standball.
HUBUNGAN KOORDINASI MATA KAKI, DAYA LEDAK OTOT TUNGKAI DAN PERCAYA DIRI DENGAN HASIL LARI SPRINT 100 METER PADA ATLET PPLP BANGKA BELITUNG
Authors: Anggara Topan
Published: March 2018

Abstrak : Penelitian korelasi ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh informasi tentang, ada tidaknya hubungan antara Koordinasi mata kaki, daya ledak otot tungkai, dan percaya diri dengan hasil lari sprint 100 meter pada atlet PPLP Bangka Belitung. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif, metode survei. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah klub PPLP Bangka Belitung sebanyak 30 Orang. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik Total Sampling. Berdasarkan Uji hipotesis, penelitian ini menyimpulkan terdapat hubungan antara koordinasi mata kaki dengan hasil lari sprint 100 meter pada atlet PPLP Bangka Belitung sebesar 0,939. Terdapat hubungan antara daya ledak otot tungkai dengan hasil lari sprint 100 meter pada atlet PPLP Bangka Belitung sebesar 0,937.  Terdapat hubungan antara percaya diri dengan hasil lari sprint 100 meter pada atlet PPLP Bangka Belitung sebesar 0,981. Pengujian hipotesis yang terakhir terdapat hubungan antara koordinasi mata kaki, daya ledak otot tungkai dan percaya diri secara bersama-sama dengan hasil lari sprint 100 meter pada atlet PPLP Bangka Belitung sebesar 0,991.
ETIKA BISNIS ISLAM PEDAGANG SAPI DAN DAMPAKNYA TERHADAP KESEJAHTERAAN PEDAGANG DI KECAMATAN MASBAGIK KABUPATEN LOMBOK TIMUR
Authors: Hulaimi Ahmad
Published: March 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui etika bisnis Islami yang  diterapkan dan dampaknya  terhadap kesejahteraan pedagang sapi di Kecamatan Masbagik Kabupaten Lombok Timur. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian kualitatif deskriptif dengan jenis penelitian lapangan (field research). Hasil penelitian ini menemukan bahwa dari kajian terhadap etika bisnis Islam yang diterapkan oleh pedagang sapi di Kecamatan Masbagik belum sepenuhnya menerapkan prinsip etika bisnis Islam, Sedangkan dari kajian terhadap dampak etika bisnis Islam terhadap kesejahteraan, tidak semua pedagang sapi yang ada di Kecamatan Masbagik kabupaten Lombok timur mendapatkan kesejahteraan yang Islami karena belum memenuhi kebutuhan dharuriyatnya (sholat dan haji). Sebagainnya lagi sudah mendapatkan kehidupan yang baik. Karena sudah dapat memenuhi kebutuhan dharuriyatnya. Mereka telah mengatakan berbahagia, karena  telah bersyukur atas rizqi yang diterimanya
Sejarah Hukum Pencatatan Perkawinan di Indonesia
Authors: Mubarok Nafi'
Published: March 2018

Nikah siri merupakan fenomena yang debatable di berbagai kalangan dan dari berbagai aspek. Begitu juga dari aspek hukum, yang melihatnya dari sisi perlu tidaknya pencatatan perkawinan, sebagaimana ketentuan dalam Pasal 2 Undang-undang Perkawinan. Pembahasan dari aspek sejarah hukum pencatatan perkawinan diperlukan, di samping juga karena merupaan salah satu argumen yang menyatakan tidak perlunya pencatatan perkawinan, juga untuk mendapatkan pemahaman yang komprehensip tentang hukum pencatatan perkawinan. Di akhir tulisan disimpulkan, bahwa hukum pencatatan perkawian sudah dikenal di Indonesia sejak sebelum kemerdekaan dengan adanya BW dan HOCI. Sedangkan setelah kemerdekaan adalah dengan Undang-undang No. 22 Tahun 1946 dan No. 32 Tahun 1954. Dan lebih tegas dengan Undang-undang No. 1 Tahun 1974 tentang Perkawinan, dan KHI.
PERAN STRATEGIS BANK SYARIAH DALAM MENGUPAYAKAN SOLUSI BERSAMA PERMASALAHAN AKUNTANSI PADA USAHA MIKRO, KECIL DAN MENENGAH (UMKM)
Authors: Hariyanto Pujo
Published: March 2018

Islam sebagai sebuah sistem kehidupan bagi seluruh umat manusia sangat menekankan pentingnya keadilan dalam semua aspek kehidupan. Termasuk dalam aspek ekonomi, islam sangat menekankan pentingnya penegakan keadilan dan penghapusan kezhaliman dalam setiap transaksi ekonomi. Oleh karena itu, islam memberikan panduan tentang berbagai ketentuan yang perlu dihindari agar transaksi ekonomi tidak jatuh pada kezhaliman, antara lain riba, maysir, gharar maupun transaksi yang bathil. Sebaliknya islam menggantinya dengan berbagai bentuk akad yang lebih mewujudkan keadilan dan persaudaraan. Dalam konteks perekonomian modern, lembaga-lembaga ekonomi yang beroperasi dalam masyarakat muslim hendaknya juga senantiasa mengupayakan perwujudan akad-akad yang sesuai ketentuan syariah tersebut.
DISKURSUS KALENDER HIJRIYAH GLOBAL PASCA KONGRES ISTAMBUL TURKI 2016
Authors: Rohmah Nihayatur
Published: March 2018

;  In May 2016, Muslims from several countries held the International Hijri Calendar Unity Congress in Istanbul Turkey. At the end of the congress, the result of the voting concluded and published the single calendar system (singular calendar) based on the visibility of the new moon. Calendar is an expression of the collective activity of the rhythm and reflects the resilience and the strength of a civilization. So the existence of the calendar is accurate and consistent as an civilization imperative and is a prerequisite for a civilization to exist and thrive. The characteristic of the revival civilization is when the civilization was able to answer the challenges of the past. Civilization is a mechanism in the social organization, so there is no problem that can not be settled or compromised unless the issue by political or economic interests. There is no difference with the other calendar, the Islamic calendar is a reality that issued by a handful of elite (read: the ruling group of important people in the community). A public position in the affinity people are consumers of course-and practice-calendar produced by their elite. The feature of Hijrah calendar in a country is a clear reflection of the particulars of their elites. Hijrah calendar unity is nothing but a fruit of the unity of authority, and the authority here is Ulil Amri.
Irrigated Sweet Sorghum Yield as Affected by Plant Spacing and Row Width
Authors: Ottman M.J. , Ray D.T.
Published: March 2018

Core Ideas

The highest biomass yield was at the closest three spacings in 2010 and the closest four spacings in 2012.

The highest theoretical sugar yield was at the closest four spacings both years.

Row width did not affect biomass or theoretical sugar yield.

Stalk diameter, leaves per stalk, weight per stalk, stalks per plant, and juice extraction increased in response to greater plant spacing and row width.

Biomass and theoretical sugar yield were more tolerant of greater distance between plants and wider row spacing than has been reported in other regions.

Greater plant spacing and row width than is commonly used in sweet sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] can reduce lodging and facilitate the use of a sugarcane harvester in the case of greater row width. The hypothesis for this study is biomass and theoretical sugar yield are more tolerant of greater distance between plants and wider row spacing in the desert Southwest than other climatic regions with less insolation. The study was conducted with the sweet sorghum variety ‘M81E’ in 2010 and 2012 at the Campus Agricultural Center in Tucson, AZ, on a Gila very fine sandy loam (coarse‐loamy, mixed, superactive, calcareous, thermic Typic Torrifluvents). The treatments consisted of five within‐row plant spacings (20, 25, 51, 102, and 203 cm) at 102 cm row width and two row widths (102 and 203 cm) at 20 cm plant spacing. The highest biomass yield was at the closest three spacings in 2010 and the closest four spacings in 2012. The highest theoretical sugar yield was at the closest four spacings both years. The yield of the 203 cm plant spacing compared to the others averaged 59% for biomass and 64% for sugar. Row width did not affect biomass or theoretical sugar yield. Stalk diameter, leaves per stalk, weight per stalk, stalks per plant, and juice extraction increased in response to greater plant spacing and row width. Biomass and theoretical sugar yield were more tolerant of greater distance between plants and wider row spacing than has been reported in other regions.
Kinetics of Molybdenum Adsorption and Desorption in Soils
Authors: Sun Wenguang , Selim H. Magdi
Published: March 2018

Much uncertainty exists in mechanisms and kinetics controlling the adsorption and desorption of molybdenum (Mo) in the soil environment. To investigate the characteristics of Mo adsorption and desorption and predict Mo behavior in the vadose zone, kinetic batch experiments were performed using three soils: Webster loam, Windsor sand and Mahan sand. Adsorption isotherms for Mo were strongly nonlinear for all three soils. Strong kinetic adsorption of Mo by all soils was also observed, where the rate of retention was rapid initially and was followed by slow retention behavior with time. The time‐dependent Mo sorption rate was not influenced when constant pH was maintained. Desorption or release results indicated that there were significant fractions of Mo that appeared to be irreversible or slowly reversibly sorbed by Windsor and Mahan. X‐ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) analysis for Windsor and Mahan soils indicated that most of Mo had been bound to kaolinite, whereas Webster had similar XANES features to those of Mo sorbed to montmorillonite. A sequential extraction procedure provided evidence that a significant amount of Mo was irreversibly sorbed. A multireaction model (MRM) with nonlinear equilibrium and kinetic sorption parameters was used to describe the adsorption–desorption kinetics of Mo on soils. Our results demonstrated that a formulation of MRM with two sorption sites (equilibrium and reversible) successfully described Mo adsorption–desorption data for Webster loam, and an additional irreversible reaction phase was recommended to describe Mo desorption or release with time for Windsor and Mahan soils.

Core Ideas

Molybdenum sorption was kinetic and strongly nonlinear in three different soils.

Adsorption and desorption of Mo on soils were well described using a multireaction model.

The XANES analysis for Windsor and Mahan soils indicated that most of Mo was bound to kaolinite.
The Challenges of Governing Urban Food Production across Four European City‐Regions: Identity, Sustainability and Governance
Authors: Reed Matthew , Mettepenningen Evy , Swagemakers Paul , Garcia M. Dolores Dominguez , Jahrl Ingrid , Koopmans Marlinde E.
Published: March 2018

The development of food production in cities has raised some important questions about the governance of these activities and the role of city‐regions. In this paper through four European case studies– Bristol (UK), Ghent (Belgium), Vigo (Spain), and Zurich (Switzerland) –we consider the ways in which food is governed at the city level. Our case studies demonstrate the role played by citizens in urban food and the challenges this brings to city‐region governance. Through horizontal networking, being inspirational to other cities and citizens, communicating their demands and successes very clearly, urban food activists have raised significant questions about how cities are governed. Using the creation of localized identities, which are inclusive and embracing but rooted in their city, these food activists are looking to a future controlled by a democratic impulse rather than the technocracy of professional city managers. This paper uses a range of Weberian influenced theory to explore the topic of urban agriculture not as one simply about environmental performance but of the construction of new civic identities.
Genetic Variation and Expected per Cycle Biomass Yield Gain in Lowland Switchgrass
Authors: Dalid Cheryl O. , Saxton Arnold M. , Allen Fred L. , Pantalone Vince , Nayak Santosh , Bhandari Hem S.
Published: March 2018

Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.), a native of the North American prairies, has been selected for bioenergy research. With a focus on biomass yield improvement, this study aim (i) to estimate the genetic variation in biomass yield and important agronomic traits in ‘Alamo’, (ii) to determine correlations between biomass yield and agronomic traits, and (iii) to compare efficiency of phenotypic selection from a sward plot and advanced cycle half‐sibs (ACHS) on the basis of space‐plant performance. Sixty‐two Alamo half‐sib families (AHS) from a 4‐yr‐old Alamo sward and 20 advanced cycle half‐sib families (ACHS) were evaluated in replicated field trials under simulated swards in Knoxville and Crossville, TN. Results showed significant variation (P < 0.05) among AHS for biomass yield, tillering ability, and spring vigor, suggesting the importance of additive genetic variation in these traits. Overall mean biomass yield of AHS was not different from the Alamo control, demonstrating the inefficiency of phenotypic selection from swards. Mean biomass yield of ACHS was 15 and 20% less than that of the control and AHS, respectively. Such results could be attributable to the influence of environment and genotype × environment interaction. However, results showed great potential for biomass yield improvement through selection on the basis of family performance. Using 10% selection intensity, parental control of two, and a narrow‐sense heritability estimate of 0.11, gain per cycle selection from half‐sib family selection is estimated to be 23%. Spring vigor showed potential use for indirect selection due to its high genetic correlation (rG = 0.75) with biomass yield. However, it is impeded by the low heritability estimate (h2 = 0.34).
Comparative Study of a Long‐Established Large Weighing Lysimeter and a State‐of‐the‐Art Mini‐lysimeter
Authors: Ruth Conall E. , Michel Dominik , Hirschi Martin , Seneviratne Sonia I.
Published: March 2018

Core Ideas

We saw generally high agreement between lysimeters, despite substantial design differences.

Large‐lysimeter processing was optimized in light of highly resolved mini‐lysimeter data.

Smoothing filter and setting of ET to zero in wet hours was useful for the large lysimeter.

Lysimeter precipitation types were identified using an opto‐electric precipitation monitor.

Protrusion of the large lysimeter may cause precipitation under‐catch by flow distortion.

Weighing lysimeters are a well‐established means of accurately obtaining local‐scale estimates of actual evapotranspiration (ET), precipitation, and seepage within soils. At the Rietholzbach research catchment in northeastern Switzerland, two weighing lysimeters are in operation. One is a recently installed state‐of‐the‐art monolithic mini‐lysimeter with a tension‐controlled lower boundary; the other is a large backfilled free‐drainage lysimeter in operation since 1976. For this study, the mini‐lysimeter measurements were processed using the Adaptive‐Window and Adaptive‐Threshold (AWAT) filter. The resulting water‐balance estimates were then compared with those of the lower resolution large lysimeter, whose processing has remained unchanged since its installation. A number of additional, retrospectively applicable processing steps for the large lysimeter were then tested to mitigate the main sources of error for this instrument. Those found to be most beneficial were the application of a 10‐min moving average to the mass measurements and the setting of ET and condensation to zero in hours with liquid precipitation. In spite of the differences in design, a generally close agreement between the two lysimeters was observed, which was further improved with the optimized large‐lysimeter processing. A comparison of the lysimeter mass increases associated with liquid precipitation further revealed, however, that the large lysimeter experiences a previously unknown under‐catch of about 11.5%, which could also be important for other lysimeter facilities. This under‐catch led to a reduction in large‐lysimeter seepage during the analyzed period, although the ET flux was not found to be affected.
A Forest Evapotranspiration Paradox Investigated Using Lysimeter Data
Authors: Teuling Adriaan J.
Published: March 2018

Core Ideas

There is disagreement in the sign of reported forest impacts on evapotranspiration.

Independent lysimeter data show higher evaporation over forest.

Lysimeter data show a strong effect of tree age and height on average evapotranspiration.

In spite of the large number of studies on the role of forests in affecting local and global water and energy cycles, conflicting reports on even the sign of the change in evapotranspiration over forest compared with non‐forest land cover can be found depending on the type of data used. Whereas studies based on closure of the water balance suggest higher evapotranspiration over forests, studies based on turbulent exchange and/or energy balance closure suggest generally higher latent heat flux over non‐forest sites. In this study, this forest evapotranspiration paradox was investigated using data from four long‐term lysimeter stations in western Europe with contrasting land cover conditions. The results were consistent with evapotranspiration estimates from catchment‐scale water balance studies rather than with eddy covariance estimates. They were also found to be largely consistent with a model previously proposed to predict forest cover effects on evapotranspiration. The results of this study suggest that eddy covariance data should be treated with care when used to assess long‐term average water balance impacts of land use.
ECONOMIC AGGLOMERATION AS A CONDITION OF TERRITORIAL SELF-DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Любицкая В. , Liubitskaia V.
Published: March 2018

One of the current directions of territorial development is the concentration of efforts on competitive regional processes and the shaping of the trajectory of their development. However, not all directions of regional development can be implemented by themselves. The aim of the research is to study the theoretical aspects of agglomeration and the formation of macroregions in a complicated foreign policy situation accompanied by aggravated socioeconomic processes, introduction and expansion of anti-Russian sanctions and other processes destructive for the country’s economy. The main idea of economic agglomeration and macroregions is the development of effective integration processes and synergetic effects, and as a consequence, territorial self-development. The scientific contribution made by the author is that the current study helps to systematize the existing approaches to the concept of agglomeration; the author also shapes an authentic approach to the concept of agglomeration and its construction as well as introduces some methodical aspects of the macroregion formation on the basis of economic agglomeration. The author has developed a conceptual scheme for the creation of a macroregion on the bases of an economic agglomeration that can be applied in the process of regional economic changes. The main conclusions: 1) the main idea of the formation of agglomerations and macroregions is in the development of effective integration processes and synergistic effects; 2) the concept of macroregion does not imply a change in the federal structure, it affects only economic processes; 3) for the construction of a macroregion, it is necessary to study the agglomerate core and the main economic processes that will proved the necessary synergetic effect and launch the process of territorial self-development.
MONOTOWNS: SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS (THE CASE OF THE IVANOVO REGION)
Authors: Николаева Е. , Nikolaeva E.
Published: March 2018

A region can be presented as the sum of its people, enterprises, organizations, and authorities. Such a territorial agglomeration shapes the need for satisfaction of public requirements and ensuring normal public reproduction. Regional economy has three-levels: regional, municipal and settlement. The last one has been out of focus of science. The current research relies on the system and reproduction approach and investigates fundamental problems of monotowns in the Ivanovo region as industrial centers created mainly around city-forming textile enterprises. Throughout the post-reform period, these small towns has seen a «curtailment» of material production (industry, construction, trade) as well as intangible production (health, education, culture), an outflow of population to more prosperous settlements and regions, an acute shortage of labor resources in both the quantitative and structural aspects, a lack of financial opportunities for self-development. All these problems bring about economy depression, both in small monotowns and in the region in general. The solution for the problems of small cities in the conditions of an old industrial depressive region like Ivanovo seems impossible without participation of the federal center.
THE DEVELOPMENT METHODS OF NATIONAL PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION IN PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP
Authors: Лукьяненко О. , Lukyanenko O.
Published: March 2018

The article analyzes the potential based on the methodology and instruments of the public administration paradigm in the development the institution of public-private partnership at various levels. The need to integrate public administration tools into the existing practice public private partnership is proved to increase its effectiveness and effectiveness. The study establishes correspondence between the main provisions of the public administration theory and the tasks of the public-private partnership development. It singles out the main modern practice development of public-private partnership, defining the need for the introduction of public administration. The research has revealed concrete directions of the implementation in public-private partnership on the basis of the public administration concept and methods. A mechanism of public-private partnership management based on modern tools is proposed. The article outlines some prospects for the transformation the traditional system of public-private partnership into a new paradigm public-private partnership. The results can be used by the authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and local governments when developing and implementing publicprivate partnership projects, or by commercial organizations when justifying participation in public-private and municipal-private partnership projects.
SELECTION CRITERIA FOR PRIORITY NATIONAL PROJECTS FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF ECONOMIC SECURITY
Authors: Пивень А. , Piven A.
Published: March 2018

The current paper features some results of theoretical and methodical justification of selection process for priority national projects that would ensure the economic security of the Russian Federation and its regions. The role of economic security is reflected in the system of national security of the state, the interrelation between the priority national projects and the system of economic security of the Russian Federation in the context of the challenges and threats formulated in domestic standard acts of strategic character. It is shown that the current strategy of sustainable development of regions is formed and implemented through a prism of priority national projects, but optimum ensuring economic security at the regional level is impossible without a scientifically and methodically reasonable regulation from the state. To provide methodically reasonable selection criteria for priority national projects in certain regions from the perspective of economic security, the author proposes to use the cluster approach, which allows one to define development priorities in the region and the direction of its economic security ensuring. Some theoretical and monographic generalizations have made it possible to correct the region clustering potential assessment technique in the context of economic security. Approbation of the developed technique has shown a possibility of its application to assess the level of priority of national projects at the regional level.
INSTITUTIONAL CHANGES IN THE INNOVATIVE ECONOMY DEVELOPMENT OF A «RESOURCE REGION» (THE CASE OF THE KRASNOYARSK TERRITORY)
Authors: Пыжев И. , Pyzhev I.
Published: March 2018

Economy of the so-called «resource» regions of Russia is characterized by the predominant role of a relatively small number of large enterprises with low added value. At the same time, the modern institutional environment for entrepreneurs in Russia is clearly unfriendly and costly. Sustainable growth of regional or national economy, if measured quantitatively, cannot be achieved without the institutional changes of innovative character. Innovative economic growth in a resource region, such as the Krasnoyarsk region, should be based on the methodology of institutional design with the help of institutional development strategy. It is possible to create an institutional environment that will not aggravate the contradictions between the interests of its subjects but will balance these interests. The contradictions between formal and informal norms should be neutralized by increasing the efficiency of enforcement mechanisms; positive institutional change should be accelerated by developing minimal-consumption goods, stimulating producers to innovative activity by maintaining competitive opportunities, encouraging regulative organs to ensure effective production supervision.
MANAGEMENT OF SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF MONOTOWNS
Authors: Угольникова О. , Ugolnikova O.
Published: March 2018

The current research features some elements of the monotown development system. The research objective is a model description of the monotown development system provided by the elements of the innovation infrastructure. The conceptual basis of the work methodology is shaped by the works of S. Parkinson, H. Takeuchi, J. Schumpeter. The results can be applied to solve the problems of Russian monotowns that belong to the category of monotowns with the most difficult economic situation.

The research resulted in a series of recommendations on the formation of innovative infrastructure for monotowns, which may lead to an increase in the competitiveness of monotowns and to their transition from a category with the most difficult socio-economic situation to a managed risk category. The conclusion is that it is necessary to create an infrastructure for the innovative development of monotowns. It is necessary to set up a resource center for personnel training (a project office for additional education, a center for standardization of qualifications, a methodological center for interaction between educational institutions and monotown organizations). It should involve an information expert and consulting infrastructure (project office of innovation development and entrepreneurship with departments of coach and foresight management, standardization center and the center of investment and innovation development, innovation and communication platform, consortium of business incubators, etc.). The model in question provides an effective management of the socio-economic development of monotowns.
SOCIALLY-RESPONSIBLE DESIGN IN A MONOTOWN: THE CASE OF YURGA, KEMEROVO REGION
Authors: Колодий Н. , Kolodii N. , Трифонов Владимир , Trifonov Vladimir
Published: March 2018

The territories of many single-industry towns and smaller settlements with a oncedeveloped industry at the present stage of development do not satisfy the new needs of people. Without a carefully developed concept of development of these territories, the latter become zones of alienation. Weak attention to these objects leads to their degradation, the formation on their territory of storage areas, small and not always legal production, the concentration of questionable business. To date, there are three competing programs that claim to implement and implement in urban development practices: Smart City, Culture-led (leadership through intensive cultural development), Livable City (comfortable city). All of them can improve the quality of life of the main socio-demographic groups or simply contribute to the economic prosperity of cities. The content of the research area: the identification, analysis and resolution of the formation and development problems of the theory and practice of «smart cities» management as social and economic systems with the aim of revealing the stable links and regularities that determine the nature and content of these problems, the logic and mechanisms for their resolution. The project of socially responsible design of the «smart city» in the case of the monotown of Yurga, Kemerovo region, will contribute to the formation of practices of public discussion and the solution of issues related to the formation of a stable comfortable and safe urban environment.
LIFE STRATEGIES OF MONOTOWN RESIDENTS: ATTRACTIVENESS OF RESIDENCE AND MIGRATION ATTITUDES
Authors: Мосиенко Н. , Mosienko N. , Черепанова А. , Cherepanova A.
Published: March 2018

Residents of monotowns face a specific range of problems affecting their social well-being. The purpose of the study was to identify and describe the types of life strategies of monotown residents with a focus on the place of residence and the location of the attractiveness of the urban environment and migration attitudes in them. The study employed a case-study strategy of an in-depth interview with residents of Sayansk, a monotown that displays risks of socio-economic deterioration. To describe the context, the authors used statistical data on the population and migration of the Sayansk population, as well as historical chronicle of the town. Based on two indications (perception of the quality of the urban environment and the migration attitudes), the authors have constructed a typology of life strategies and described the related characteristics of inhabitants. The study shows that the life strategies of the inhabitants reveal, on the one hand, a spectrum of migration patterns (depending on the characteristics of the inhabitants), and, on the other hand, various degrees of satisfaction with the quality of the urban environment, which makes the city attractive or unattractive in the eyes of the population.
SOCIOLOGICAL SUPPORT FOR MANAGEMENT DECISIONS AT THE REGIONAL AND MUNICIPAL LEVELS
Authors: Сухачева Анна , Sukhacheva Anna , Кочнева Оксана , Kochneva Oksana , Латфулина А. , Latfulina A.
Published: March 2018

The importance of using sociological knowledge in management is often underestimated. The same governing bodies, whose work is oriented to feedback, opinions, assessments, proposals of the managed subsystem, are in a more advantageous position, being more successful managers. The paper indicates the expediency of incorporating the results of sociological research into management processes, especially if it is the object of regional and municipal communities, as well as a review of the sociological research practice conducted by the Kuzbass Center for the Study of Public Opinion. Over the years of its functioning, the Center has conducted more than 600 sociological studies to provide the Kemerovo region administrations and municipalities with a feedback that would enable them to adopt balanced managerial decisions. Almost 30 years of experience clearly demonstrates the usefulness of sociological information to solve both specific problems (i.e. evaluation of planned activities, projects, attitude to the activities of individual structures, leaders, etc.), and long-term goals, such as improving social security or quality of life.
EXPERT ASSESSMENT OF AGGLOMERATIVE COMMUNICATIONS IN THE SOLUTION FOR MODERNIZATION PROBLEMS IN SOUTHERN KUZBASS MONOTOWNS
Authors: Урбан О. , Urban O. , Демчук Н. , Demchuk N.
Published: March 2018

The Novokuznetsk agglomeration is peculiar in that the towns (settlements) within the agglomeration are all monotowns, and the main development problem of monotowns is economy modernization according to the innovative development model. In this regard, it is important to research the benefits of agglomeration for the solution of modernization problems of the constituent monotowns. The current research features the problem from the position of the economy-sociological approach. The subject of the study is the combination of living conditions and quality of life of the population in the metropolitan area as a necessary prerequisite to ensure the modernization of qualified personnel. Assessment of social welfare was provided by a questionnaire survey among the residents of the Novokuznetsk agglomeration (N=1023), who acted as experts. A systematic analysis of the survey results shows that the conditions and life quality among the population of the metropolitan area can be characterized as contradictory. On the one hand, agglomeration system provides for the most important needs of the population; a large part of the population displays a positive attitude for the future, local identity and involvement in various forms of socially useful activities. On the other hand, the quality characteristics and living conditions are mainly applied to an average value. This means that these factors do not attract qualified specialists, capable to solve innovative challenges of modernization. The results of the study can be of practical interest for local authorities and heads of the enterprises in monotowns. The problems of modernization cannot be solved unless the quality of life is improved, the needs of the population are provided for and the residential attractiveness of the territory is increased.