bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identifying regularities of high temperature on constant and variable fatigue life of AA7075-Al2O3 nanocomposite fabricated by stir casting method
Authors: Mohamed Muzher Taha , Helal Rawa A. , Nawi Sami A. , Alalkawi Hussain Jasim , Al-rubaiy Ahmed AAG
Published: May 2023

This study aims to determine the effect of high temperature on the fatigue life of AA7075-Al2O3 nanocomposites (6 wt % Al2O3) fabricated by stir casting. The research problem is to determine the durability, fatigue resistance, and mechanical properties of the nanocomposite under constant and variable loading conditions at elevated temperatures, as well as to identify changes in its behavior due to exposure to high temperatures. The results show that higher temperatures have a big effect on the nanocomposite's fatigue performance under both loading conditions. When the material was tested at a high temperature (150 °C) with an extra 6 wt % Al2O3, the ultimate tensile strength and yield stress both went up by 16 % and 15.7 %, respectively. Its fatigue life was also successfully tested under both variable and constant amplitude load conditions. The interpretation of the results suggests that the changes in the microstructure of the nanocomposite material at elevated temperatures lead to an increase in dislocation density and grain size, resulting in an improvement in its mechanical properties. The findings can be utilized to optimize the nanocomposite fabrication process and enhance its fatigue resistance at high temperatures. In addition, the results can be used to enhance the design of aerospace components and high-temperature engines that require materials with excellent fatigue resistance at elevated temperatures. In summary, the investigation of the effect of high temperature on the constant and variable fatigue lives of AA7075-Al2O3 nanocomposite provides valuable insight into the material's mechanical properties. The findings contribute to the development of materials that can withstand high-temperature conditions, which has implications for a variety of industries.
Devising a recipe for muffins with pumpkin paste
Authors: Liubych Vitalii , Novikov Volodymyr , Zheliezna Valeriia , Koval Halyna , Tryhub Oleh , Belinska Svitlana , Tverdokhlib Olena , Honcharuk Yuliia , Kolibabchuk Tetyana , Pykalo Serhii
Published: May 2023

The object of this research is the production technology of muffins with pumpkin paste. The task was to enrich muffins with pumpkin paste.
The influence of different amounts of pumpkin paste on the physicochemical and sensory parameters of muffins was investigated. It has been established that the addition of pumpkin paste reliably (p≤0.05) increases the content of vitamin A (RAE), as well as indicators of integrated score, baking, shrinkage, and moisture content of the muffin. The volume of muffins is significantly reduced by adding 10–50 % of pumpkin paste. This trend is due to the high humidity of pumpkin paste.
Owing to a sociological survey, it was determined that most respondents (55 %) liked muffins whose content of pumpkin paste was 15–20 %. It should be noted that 30 % of respondents liked muffins whose content of pumpkin paste was 25–30 %. This trend is due to the fact that the smell and taste of pumpkin in a muffin with the addition of 15–20 % of pumpkin paste is leveled by aromatic compounds. Increasing the amount of pumpkin paste to 25–30 % determines the average level of pumpkin sensory sensation.
In the technology of muffin production, it is optimal to add 15–20 % of pumpkin paste. According to this formulation, the integrated score of vitamin A (RAE) is 21–23 %, humidity – 22.9–25.9 %, baking shrinkage – 8.9–10.0 %, shrinkage due to drying – 2.1–2.2 %, volume – 166–177 cm3/100 g of dough. The porosity is 7–9 points, surface color - light brown, crumb color – yellow, crumb consistency – soft, pumpkin taste level – weak or absent (7.0–8.3 points).
A distinctive feature of the results is the differentiated use of pumpkin paste in the muffin recipe. Based on the survey, it was established that the amount of pumpkin paste could be 15–20 % and 25–30 %.
The devised recommendations can be used by confectionery enterprises of low productivity during the production of muffins.
Formation of the balanced development trajectory of the ecologistic system project
Authors: Rudenko Sergey , Kovtun Tetiana , Smrkovska Victoriya
Published: May 2023

Meeting modern requirements for achieving sustainable development goals requires transformational changes in the principles of doing business, in particular the organization of logistics activities. Environmentally oriented management turns the logistics system into an environmentally friendly one, which allows achieving logistics goals with minimal eco-destructive impact on the environment and solving the problem of environmental protection.
The object of this study is the mechanism of forming the trajectory of the ecologistic system project, which makes it possible to take into account the peculiarities of its life cycle and ensure balanced development.
The ecologistics system project is seen as a complex, open, dynamic, stationary system that supports stationary homeostasis through internal and external metabolism. During the life cycle, the ecologistic system project evolves, moving from one stationary state to another, each of which corresponds to certain values of input and output resources. This vision makes it possible to determine the optimal ratio of resources in the resource balance, which ensures the homeostasis of the system and minimizes the eco-destructive impact on the environment. A model of homeostasis of the stationary state of the project and a model of balanced development of the project of the ecologistic system have been developed, the use of which allows creating a trajectory that ensures the maximum value of the ecological and economic value of the project. Experimental calculations confirming the feasibility of using the proposed mechanism and showing an increase in the ecological and economic value of the project as a result of its development in accordance with the formed trajectory are presented. The proposed mechanism should be used when planning the development of logistics system projects in order to achieve a balance of economic and environmental goals of the project
Determining a flow structure in the region of local obstacles of different types taking into account the hydrodynamic conditions for entering the initial section
Authors: Nosko Serhii , Kostiuk Dmytro , Haletskyi Oleksandr , Nochnichenko Ihor
Published: May 2023

This paper investigates the influence of hydrodynamic conditions for entering the initial section of the channel located after local obstacles of various types. It is shown that the head losses in the valves and bends of pipelines and in various control elements can be several times higher than those in straight sections of the pipeline. It was established that the assumption about the rectangular shape of the velocity diagram at the entrance to the hydrodynamic initial section does not correspond to the flow pattern in real channels of technological equipment. It is proved that with the manifestation of inertia forces in the flow at the initial section of the channel, hydrodynamic energy losses usually increase, velocity and stress fields are significantly deformed. Given this, it seemed expedient to conduct a study into the processes of flow of viscous liquids in the initial section, located after local obstacles of various types. Experimental and analytical studies have confirmed that there is a significant influence of boundary conditions at the entrance to the initial section on the formation of velocity diagrams and energy loss along its length. The analytical-numerical solution to the system of differential equations describing such flow is given. While solving, the system of equations, by appropriate transformations, takes the form of a nonlinear integral-differential equation. This makes it possible to obtain correct dependences for determining the length of the velocity distribution and energy loss in the investigated section of the channel. The results of calculations of velocity fields in the region of local obstacles agree well with known ideas of the flow pattern, which is observed in physical experiments and the results of analytical solutions. The quantitative difference in results ranges within 12–20 % depending on the Reynolds number. Thus, there is reason to assert that the results of studies reported here could be the basis for devising a procedure of hydrodynamic calculation aimed at structural and operational improvement of existing and designed technological equipment.
Design of a fuzzy distance relay taking into consideration the impact of using a unified power flow controller
Authors: Alsammak Ahmed Nasser B. , Al-Kaoaz Hiba Nadhim A
Published: May 2023

The compact design of a fuzzy distance relay, which includes its impact on using a unified power flow controller in a power system, has been adopted as the object of the study. Traditional power system grids have increasingly widely used flexible alternating current transmission system devices in recent years to increase power system stability when faults, unbalance, and sudden changes in load occur. This plays a role in improving power quality, power factor corrections, and power flow control. A unified power flow controller is one of these devices that is most used, popular and meets these benefits, but it simultaneously gives a different change in the apparent impedance of the protection system due to its design. To overcome these issues, the proposed novel design of a fuzzy distance relay is made with the assistance of MATLAB® Simulink and Neuro-Fuzzy Designer. The proposed design work was divided into three parts, the first without fault and the second one including four scenarios without using and using a unified power flow controller in different transmission line locations. The design was carried out in the third part after collecting all input-output data sets. This paper offers an efficient design method, which depends on the input value of the observed apparent impedance, also known as resistance (R), and reactance (X). The output is a trip signal to the circuit breaker when a fault occurs. The advantages of the proposed design are a fast-clearing time of 1.42 ms, and working when utilizing a unified power flow controller in different locations; the results show a fast clearing although the long impedance trajectory for some cases. The fast fault clearing will make the system more stable and overcome the maloperation of the distance relay
Improving a method for segmenting optical-electronic images acquired from space observation systems based on the firefly algorithm
Authors: Khudov Hennadii , Makoveichuk Oleksandr , Khudov Vladyslav , Khizhnyak Irina , Dobryshkin Yurii , Kondratov Oleksandr , Andronov Vitalii , Balyk Ivan , Uvarova Tetiana , Kalenyk Maksym
Published: May 2023

The object of research is the process of segmentation of optoelectronic images acquired from space observation systems. The method of segmentation of optoelectronic images acquired from space observation systems based on the firefly algorithm, unlike known ones, involves the following:
– the pre-selection of brightness channels of the Red-Green-Blue color space in the original image;
– calculation of the level of luminosity for each firefly;
– assigning each firefly with the neighboring firefly, within a certain radius, whose level of luminosity is higher than the natural level of luminosity of the firefly;
– determination of the coordinate of the updated position of the firefly in each brightness channel.
An experimental study into the segmentation of optoelectronic images acquired from space observation systems based on the firefly algorithm was carried out. It is established that the improved segmentation method based on the firefly algorithm allows for the segmentation of optoelectronic images acquired from space observation systems.
The quality of segmentation of optoelectronic images by the method based on the firefly algorithm was evaluated in comparison with methods based on the particle swarm algorithm and the Sine-Cosine algorithm. It was found that the improved method based on the firefly algorithm reduces the segmentation error of the first kind by an average of 11 % and the segmentation error of the second kind by an average of 9 %. This becomes possible by using the firefly algorithm.
Methods of image segmentation can be implemented in software and hardware systems for processing optoelectronic images acquired from space surveillance systems.
Further studies may focus on comparing the quality of segmentation method based on the firefly algorithm with segmentation methods based on genetic algorithms.
Production of physiologically complete drinking water using modified reverse osmosis membrane elements
Authors: Tyvonenko Artem , Mitchenko Tetiana , Homaniuk Oleksii , Vasilyuk Sergey , Kosogina Iryna , Mudryk Rostyslav
Published: May 2023

Drinking water prepared using the most effective and popular reverse osmosis method is absolutely safe but for the most part does not meet the requirements for physiologically complete water. The latter must meet, in addition to the basic requirements, the following requirements: salt content, at least 100, and not more than 1000 mg/dm3; total hardness; in the range of 1–7.0 mmol/dm3. Now, to fulfill these requirements, the stage after desalting employs various methods of domineralization of reverse osmosis water, each of which has certain disadvantages.
This paper considers the task of obtaining safe physiologically complete water immediately after the stage of membrane desalting by using modified reverse osmosis membrane elements with the predefined selectivity. The study object was the process of obtaining reverse osmosis membrane elements with the predefined selectivity by modifying them with sodium hypochlorite solution for use in the process of obtaining physiologically complete drinking water.
The required level of selectivity of modified elements was calculated to obtain safe physiologically complete water from starting water, depending on its salt content. Thus, for the starting water with a salt content of 200–300 mg/dm3, the specified selectivity of the membrane element should be no more than 60 % at a temperature of 25 °C. Rational conditions for conducting the modification process for obtaining a membrane element with such exact selectivity have been established. The nature of the influence of changes in water temperature on the selectivity of the modified element was studied.
A prototype of the modified element was tested in a vending machine for pouring water, which purified tap water in the city of Kyiv, with a salt content of 230 mg/dm3 at a temperature of 8–12 °C. The test results showed the possibility of one-stage obtaining safe physiologically complete water by reverse osmosis using a modified membrane element with the predefined selectivity of 50 %.
Revealing the influence of structural and operational parameters of a hydrostatic bearing in a gear-type fuel pump on its main characteristics
Authors: Nazin Vladimir
Published: May 2023

The object of this study is hydrostatic processes in the sliding supports of gear-type fuel pumps.
The problem solved was the influence of the structural and operational parameters of hydrostatic bearings of the fuel pump on their static characteristics. The carrying capacity and consumption of the lubricant were considered as static characteristics. The characterization was based on the function of distributing the pressure in the lubricant layer. It was determined from the joint solution of the Reynolds equations and the balance of costs. The carrying capacity of the bearing was determined by the numerical integration of the pressure distribution function in the lubricant layer. The lubricant consumption was determined by the calculated pressures in the chambers. Variants of the working surface of the bearing with two and three carrying chambers were considered. Due to the fact that the load in the pump acts in one direction during operation, the scheme of the working surface of the bearing with two carrying chambers was adopted. The fluid consumption of such a bearing was less compared to a bearing with three carrying chambers. One of the parameters that significantly affect the carrying capacity of the bearing is the diameter of the nozzle installed at the inlet to the chambers.
It has been established that the dependence of the carrying capacity of a hydrostatic bearing on the diameter of the nozzle is nonlinear. With an increase in the diameter of the nozzle from 1 mm to 2.3 mm, the carrying capacity of the bearing increased by about 2.83 times. The extraction of fuel for the operation of the hydrostatic bearing was 1 % of the fuel pumped by the pump.
The results make it possible to recommend hydrostatic bearings as shaft supports for gear-type fuel pumps and can be used for practical calculations
Analysis of technological possibilities of N‒O‒C‒H system arc plasma in surface engineering processes
Authors: Pashchenko Valeriy
Published: May 2023

The object of this study was the substances that could be used to generate arc plasma. Conventional and promising plasma media were analyzed in order to identify the most universal one in terms of a set of properties for efficient energy transfer of material. It is shown that the mean-enthalpy media have a harmonious ratio of temperature and enthalpy and could provide a change in the energy state of the processed material with maximum efficiency. It is established that the most universal set of properties is demonstrated by the medium enthalpy plasma of the N‒O‒C‒H system. The use of mixtures of air with hydrocarbons for its generation makes it possible to reach the average mass temperature of (5...7)·103 K and change the oxidative-reducing potential of the plasma medium over a wide range. Given this, heat treatment is possible with maximum preservation of the original composition of the material. Experimental studies of plasma flows of the N‒O‒C‒H system confirmed the presence of reducing components capable of binding oxygen to air that is sucked into the jet. On rich mixtures, the oxygen content in the jet at a distance of 100 mm does not exceed 5 %.
The positive effect of combined energy input into plasma-forming substance on the process of generation and formation of plasma jet has been proven. The use of energy of different physical nature makes it possible to maintain the local energy parameters of the plasma flow during material processing. This is due to the release of additional heat as a result of the interaction of plasma and plasma components with ambient air. The use of plasma of the N‒O‒C‒H system in surface engineering technologies could expand the range of processed materials and reduce the operating costs of the process
Development of control software for self-organizing intelligent mobile robots
Authors: Toibazarov Daulet , Baiseitov Gani , Kyzyrkanov Abzal , Aljawarneh Shadi , Atanov Sabyrzhan
Published: May 2023

Maintaining a specific geometric formation during the movement is crucial for multiagent systems of mobile robots in various applications. Proper coordination can lead to reduced system costs, increased reliability and efficiency, and system adaptability and flexibility.
This research proposes a novel movement coordination method for self-governing multiagent systems of intelligent mobile robots. The proposed method uses a leader-follower technique with a virtual leader to maintain a specific geometric structure. Additionally, the epsilon greedy algorithm is utilized to avoid loops. To reduce power consumption, it is proposed to turn on only a few robots' lidars at a time. They could drive all the robots in the group, allowing them to reach the goal without colliding with obstacles.
Experiments on a complex map with nine robots were conducted to test the method's effectiveness. The success rate of the swarm reaching the target position and the number of steps needed were evaluated. Testing varied angular velocities of 1 to 20 degrees and linear velocities of 0.1 to 5.5 m/s. Results show the method effectively guides the robots without collisions.
This method enables a group of self-governing multiagent systems of intelligent mobile robots to maintain a desired formation while avoiding obstacles and reducing power consumption. The results of the experimental study demonstrate the method's potential to be implemented in real-world missions and traffic management systems to increase efficiency and reduce costs.
The proposed method can be utilized in military missions and traffic management systems, where maintaining a specific geometric formation is crucial. The method's ability to avoid obstacles and reduce power consumption can also lead to reduced costs and increased efficiency.
Determining a model of the blade in a wind turbine for regions with low wind speeds
Authors: Yurchenko Oleksandr , Radchuk Oleg , Barsukova Hanna , Savchenko-Pererva Marina , Ivchenko Oleksandr , Kolodnenko Vitaliy , Fesenko Denys
Published: May 2023

The object of research is the shape of the blade of a vertical-axis installation. The problem solved in this work is to find the optimal shape of the blade for a wind power installation for operation at low wind speeds or in areas where its flow is limited. In the course of the work, the interaction between each blade option and the wind flow depending on the shape of the blade was considered. With the help of a reduced model of the wind turbine, a flat blade, a blade with a «pocket», and a blade with a «pocket» and a slit were tested. The test results prove the effectiveness of the designed and manufactured blade with a «pocket» and a slit. This was confirmed by the study results, according to which, during the experiment, the number of revolutions of a wind turbine with blades made with a «pocket» and a slit was the largest. In comparison with flat-shaped blades, the increase was 20 %, and, in comparison with blades with a «pocket», the increase was 10 %. In order to compare wind turbines that have flat-shaped blades and blades with a «pocket» and a slit, experimental studies and calculations of the power factor Ср were carried out. A flat-blade wind wheel has Ср1=24; a blade with a «pocket» – Ср2=52.9; a blade that has a «pocket» and a slit – Cp3=58.7. Therefore, one can assume that the power generated by the wind wheel with the above blades is also the largest, Р3=98 W, compared to two other shapes of blades: flat, P1=32.3 W; with a «pocket», Р2=88.2 W. It would increase during the test time from zero speed to reaching a constant rotational speed.
The studies confirm that the wind wheel, which has blades with a «pocket» and a slit, has the highest speed of rotation over the entire period of time when measurements were performed
Method of assessment of frequency resolution for aircraft
Authors: Yevseiev Serhii , Herasymov Serhii , Kuznietsov Oleksandr , Opirskyy Ivan , Volkov Andrii , Peleshok Yevhen , Sinitsyn Igor , Milevskyi Stanislav , Matovka Tetiana , Rizak Vasyl
Published: May 2023

The object of the study is to evaluate the quality of the frequency distribution of aircraft, which characterizes the effectiveness of radar surveillance of aircraft and determines the effectiveness of their control using radio signals. The frequency resolution of an aircraft is usually studied using the frequency ambiguity function for a coherent packet of radio pulses. However, there is a problem of estimating phase fluctuations, which is caused by the heterogeneity of the propagation of radio pulses, which affects the functioning of radar stations under different atmospheric conditions. A feature of the study is the development of theoretical provisions for the process of detection and radio control of single aircraft under the organized action of swarms. A normalized frequency ambiguity function is obtained, which takes into account the transformations caused by the radial motion of the aircraft. The calculations made it possible to estimate the range of changes in the frequency distribution under the condition of the additive effect of the internal noise of the radar receiver and the multiplicative effect of the cartelized phase fluctuations of the control radio signal. The statistical characteristics of phase fluctuations of radio pulses were obtained, under which their influence on the operation of radio technical control and radar systems is the most significant. Such statistical characteristics are important for the theory of radar location and of practical importance for the improvement of radio control of objects. Method is proposed for numerical evaluation of the influence of atmospheric disturbances on the frequency distribution function of aircraft during flight. This method is a convenient tool for analyzing the quality of the frequency distribution of a radar station in various conditions of radar surveillance of single aircraft in their organized swarm action.
Developing a risk management approach based on reinforcement training in the formation of an investment portfolio
Authors: Martovytskyi Vitalii , Argunov Volodymyr , Ruban Igor , Romanenkov Yuri
Published: May 2023

Investments play a significant role in the functioning and development of the economy. Risk management is an integral part of the formation of the investment portfolio. This means that an investor must be willing to take on a certain level of risk in order to receive a certain level of return. However, when forming an investment portfolio, an investor faces such problems as market unpredictability, asset correlation, incorrect asset allocation. Therefore, when forming an investment portfolio, an investor should carefully study all possible risks and try to minimize them. The object of research is an approach to risk management in the formation of an investment portfolio using the method of reinforcement training. The basic principles of formation of the investment portfolio and determination of risks are described. The application of the method of reinforcement training for building a model of risk management of investment portfolio is considered. The process of selecting optimal investment assets based on alternative data sources that minimize risks and maximize profits is also considered. A functional model of the process of risk optimization in the formation of an investment portfolio based on machine learning methods has been developed. The functional model constructed makes it possible to build a process of risk optimization, including asset selection, risk comparison and assessment, to form an investment portfolio and monitor its risks. The study results showed that the proposed approach to the formation of the investment portfolio increased the total growth of the investment portfolio by 0.4363 compared to the base model. Also, the volatility indicator improved compared to the market, as evidenced by the percentage difference between the initial and final cash amount, which increased from 128.98 to 295.57
New multifunctional bromine-active polymers: synthesis, properties, and antimicrobial activity
Authors: Murashevych Bohdan , Girenko Dmitry , Toropin Mykola , Koshova Iryna , Kovalenko Vadym , Lebed Oleg , Chuiko Vasyl , Kotok Valerii , Stepanskyi Dmytro
Published: May 2023

The increase in the frequency and scale of epidemics of infectious diseases gives extreme urgency to the development of new technologies for antiseptic and disinfectant treatment of various media, as well as materials/reagents for their implementation. Antimicrobial polymer materials of various chemical structures, including those containing halogen-active functional groups, are promising in this regard.
This work is devoted to the synthesis and investigation of the properties of granular and fibrous polymer materials with immobilized N-bromosulfonamide groups of different structure. It is shown that copolymers of styrene with divinylbenzene and polypropylene can be used as a carrier polymer. A technique has been developed that allows obtaining polymers with a content of up to 23 % of immobilized active bromine. The compliance of the synthesized materials with the declared structure has been proven by IR spectroscopy and a complex of chemical methods. A decrease in the strength of the obtained polymers compared to the original carriers has been observed, especially in the case of fibers. The stability of the synthesized polymers during storage is lower that of the previously described chlorine-active analogs. For the quantitative determination of active bromine in the target materials, a technique based on its rapid diffusion from the polymer into the taurine solution has been developed. Microbiological research has shown that the synthesized polymers have a pronounced antimicrobial activity, which is higher than that of immobilized N-chlorosulfonamides and is manifested even in the presence of a significant organic load.
The set of investigated characteristics of synthesized polymers with immobilized N-bromosulfonamide groups suggests the prospect of their use as components of antiseptic dressing materials, antimicrobial filters, devices for obtaining antiseptic solutions, and other medical products
Component composition and antimicrobial activity of subcritical CO2 extract of Ferula asafoetida L., growing in the territory of Kazakhstan
Authors: Rakhymbayev Nurgali , Datkhayev Ubaidilla , Sagindykova Bayan , Myrzakozha Diyas , Zhakipbekov Kairat , Iskakbayeva Zhanar
Published: May 2023

Ferula asafoetida L. has been studied for centuries by many scientists as food products and in traditional medicine, which are relevant for Kazakhstan as well. Recent studies have shown that Ferula asafoetida L. has neuroprotective, memory-enhancing, digestive enzymatic, antioxidant, antispasmodic, hypotensive, hepatoprotective, antimicrobial, antitumor, cytotoxic, and anthelmintic effects.
The aim of this study is to determine the component composition by GC-MS method and to study the antimicrobial properties of Ferula asafoetida L. extract obtained by CO2 extraction, which grows in Kazakhstan.
Materials and methods. To determine the possibility of using Ferula asafoetida L., we carried out the component composition of the extract obtained by CO2 extraction in subcritical conditions of the underground part of Ferula asafoetida L. by a certain GC-MS method and also investigated the antimicrobial effect of this extract.
Results. The plant raw materials were collected in accordance with GACP requirements. Conducted subcritical CO2 extraction of plant raw materials showed a 2.5% extraction yield. The study of the component composition by GC-MS revealed 46.3% of sulfate compounds. The determination of antimicrobial activities showed high efficacy against gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus subsp. Aureus, Bacillus subtilis subsp. Spizizenii), gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae subsp. pneumoniae, Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica) and fungi (Candida albicans, Aspergillus niger).
Conclusions. The possibility of using the obtained CO2 extract of Ferula asafoetida L. in the field of pharmaceutical products as a substance and a drug that has a huge antimicrobial effect
Analysis of the current state of the pharmaceutical market of the Republic of Kazakhstan
Authors: Zhakipbekov Kairat , Posylkina Olga , Zhumabayev Narbek , Datkhayev Ubaidilla , Zhumabayev Nurdaulet , Almurzaeva Almira , Mukanova Arailym
Published: May 2023

This article analyses the current state of the pharmaceutical market of the Republic of Kazakhstan for the period 2015-2021 and diagnoses the current problems of pharmaceutical production.
The aim: to identify the current trends of the pharmaceutical market in the Republic of Kazakhstan, its specific features and prospects for the development of domestic pharmaceutical production.
Materials and methods: statistical data, survey results, mathematical-statistical and analytical comparative methods, SWOT analysis.
Research results: according to the results of statistical analysis, pharmaceutical production increased by 101.1 billion tenges in monetary terms compared to 2015, and the export of domestic products increased by 13.3 billion tenges. In 2020, the export of medical preparations due to supplies to Russia amounted to 76.5 %, to Kyrgyzstan 6.5 % and Uzbekistan 4.8 %, to other countries - 12.3 %. It is estimated that the volume of the pharmaceutical market of the Republic of Kazakhstan in 2020, compared with 2019, increased by 21.3 % as a result of the development of domestic production and the implementation of the state support program. The total number of medicines registered in the republic is 7449, and the share of domestic production is 13.1 % (978 medical preparations), and 6471 medicines, 86.9 %, are imported. In addition, 9154 medical devices have been registered, and the share of domestic products is 90 %.
Online direct expert survey (questionnaire) indicates that the respondents are female pharmacists (74.5 %) aged 36 to 55 years old (52.3 %) with 26-30 years of work experience (32.3 %), who noted the strengths of the development of the pharmaceutical industry in Kazakhstan (U=1.35), as readiness for modernisation and state support (47 %), political stability (44 %), weaknesses (U=1.35) - insignificant capacity of the pharmaceutical market (55.5 %), limited range of domestic pharmaceutical products and substances (50.9 %), opportunities (U=1.4) - active investment policy (62.7 %), expansion of digital and remote channels (25.4 %), threats (U=1.4) – import dependence (69.9 %), high volatility of the tenge exchange rate (24.1 %).
Based on the pharmaceutical market analysis and expert survey of specialists, a strategic matrix of SWOT analysis was built.
Conclusion. As a result of the analysis, the dependence of the pharmaceutical industry and the pharmaceutical market on imported foreign medicines and substances were revealed. However, the volume of pharmaceutical products produced in the Republic of Kazakhstan increases annually. Therefore, for the further development of the pharmaceutical industry of the Republic of Kazakhstan, considering its import dependence, additional funding is needed for research and educational activities for the development of innovative medical preparations and substances
Anti-inflammatory activity of anthocyanin extract on diabetic and hypertensive patients
Authors: Masheta Dhafir Qahtan , Al-Azzawi Shafq Kadhim , Abbood Sharara Fadhil
Published: May 2023

Anthocyanins pigments are a major class of plant phenolic components, flavonoids‎. The distinctive purple or red colours of many fruits and vegetables are attributed to the presence of these flavonoids‎. They are highly water-soluble pigments and have been well known to possess general health-promoting characteristics.
The aim: This study aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity of anthocyanin extract. It also looked at how the extract consumption affected people with hypertension and diabetes in terms of lowering blood pressure and blood glucose levels and in preventing their complications, including oxidative stress and inflammatory status.
Material and method: The subjects included in the study were hypertensive and diabetic patients divided into control and test groups. Total reactive oxygen species concentrations and C-reactive protein levels were used to assess the oxidative stress and inflammatory status before and after consuming anthocyanin extract for thirty days using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
Results: The results revealed that consumption of anthocyanin extracts for 30 days did not significantly lower blood pressure or blood glucose levels in comparison to the control group and also when compared with day zero values. However, quantitative analysis of the C-reactive protein levels for the inflammatory status and the overall oxidative stress levels measurements demonstrated a significant decline compared to both the control group (placebo) and baseline values (day zero).
Conclusion: The findings highlighted the prophylactic, as anti-inflammatory, rather than the curative effects of anthocyanin extracts in preventing or delaying the complications associated with various chronic conditions, including hypertension and diabetes mellitus.
Decision-making support system for managing portfolios of energy saving projects at energy-intensive enterprises
Authors: Dubrovin Valerii , Deineha Larysa , Laktionov Valerii
Published: May 2023

Purpose. Development of a software complex based on decision-making methods for managing a portfolio of energy-saving projects at energy-intensive enterprises.
Methodology. To solve the problem of managing project portfolios, Markowitz's portfolio theory of financial investments was chosen, which allows for the most profitable distribution of portfolio risk and performing income assessment using optimization methods. In combination with this theory, it was determined to use the methods of finding the maximum Sharpe ratio, as well as the minimum volatility based on a data package of randomly generated portfolios.
Findings. As a result of the work performed, a software system was developed, which has in its functionality the automatic download of a data package of selected shares for the specified period of time from the electronic resource, generates a random portfolio and performs its optimization by maximizing the Sharpe ratio and minimizing the volatility of the portfolio. Also, the program has the ability to display the results of optimization of the generated portfolio in the form of tables and graphs.
The decision support system for managing portfolios of energy-saving projects was considered through its generalization to methods of optimizing investment portfolios, but taking into account the specifics of the subject area.
The software complex was tested on a data set of share prices in energy-intensive enterprises. Graphical data and tables obtained as a result of system operation allow the program user to evaluate fully the created energy saving project portfolio.
Originality.  The developed software system combines right away several methods, namely: methods of optimizing an investment portfolio according to Markowitz's portfolio theory, methods of finding the maximum Sharpe ratio and methods of finding minimum volatility. This solution allows you to use the system to solve a wide range of tasks.
Practical value. The completed development makes it possible to optimize conveniently the investment portfolios for various assets, which makes it possible to use the development of energy saving project portfolio management in energy-intensive enterprises. Also, the system can serve as a basis for such developments.
Radio 1 - Chromatic Number of Uniform ???? - Cyclic Split Graph and ????-Wheel Star Graph
Authors: C Jenish Revaldo , B Anthuvan Joseph , Peter Jesto , K Aravind
Published: May 2023

For any integer ????, lies between zero and diameter plus one, a radio ???? −chromatic labelling of a simple connected graph ???? = (????, ????) is a mapping from ????(????) to N such that ????(????, ????) + |????(????) − ????(????)| ≥ 1 + ???? , ∀ ????, ???? ∈ ????(????), where ????(????, ????) is the distance between ???? and ????. The maximum number assigned to a vertex under the mapping ℎ is denoted by ????????????(????), is called the radio ???? - chromatic number of G under the mapping ????. The radio ????- chromatic number of G, denoted by ????????????(????) is the minimum value taken over all such radio ???? - chromatic numbers of ????. In this paper, we have obtained the radio 1-chromatic number of Uniform r - cyclic split graph and ????-wheel star graph.
“SEM LEI NEM REI, ME VI ARREMESSADO”
Authors: Rodrigues Adriege Matias , Dutra-Pereira Franklin Kaic , Tinôco Saimonton
Published: May 2023

Este dossiê é resultado dos esforços de pensarfazer pesquisas em meio aos constantes ataques que sofria a educação, durante o (des)governo do inominável. Por esse motivo, anuncia, enuncia e evidencia possibilidades outras de projetos curriculares que foram lançadosarremessados no X Colóquio Internacional de Políticas Curriculares, realizado nos dias 05 e 06 de setembro de 2022, na cidade de João Pessoa/PB. Foi produzido coletivamente, contando com a contribuição de muitas mãos: 3 pessoas que atuaram na editoria ad hoc – vinculadas ao Grupo de Estudos e Pesquisas em Políticas Curriculares (GEPPC) –  e 74 que escreveram os textos, além de mais de uma centena de pessoas que emitiram pareceres às cegas e quase uma dezena que trabalhou na editoração e na divulgação dos manuscritos. Como atitude de resistência, ansiávamos/ansiamos por políticas e projetos de currículo que se contraponham às visões conservadoras que têm se manifestado na contemporaneidade, refletidas em bases comuns que aniquilam conhecimentossaberesfazeres e tentam, a qualquer custo, unificar e homogeneizar as gentes. Por esses motivos, convidamos à leitura dos 33 textos que compõem esse dossiê, que foi planejado-escrito-avaliado-publicado-divulgado com muito respeito aos diversos conhecimentos produzidos e ao público que ainda insiste numa educação pública.
The Modern Paradigm of Socio-Economic Development: What It Should Be!
Authors: Myamlin V. V
Published: May 2023

Purpose. The main purpose of the article is to inform the scientific community about the results of their own macroeconomic research, and about what paradigm should be adopted at the present time for the effective socio-economic development of the state. Methodology. A critical analysis of publications devoted to the further improvement of economic theory and the transition to new paradigms has been carried out. When developing our own socio-economic paradigm, a methodological approach was used, according to which the development of man and society is the main goal of planetary evolution, and the economy is just an auxiliary sphere that ensures this development. The most suitable methodology for the creation of an economic «mechanism» is the methodology of engineering activity, which has long proven itself well in the creation of new technologies and equipment in industry. Findings. There is no consensus in the economic community about the further development of economic theory and the choice of a new development paradigm. All paradigms that are based on a «profitable» ideology and cannot avoid crises are unacceptable. A socio-economic paradigm can only be called such scientific achievements that will allow creating a reliable anti-crisis macroeconomic «mechanism». Paradigms in the humanities must differ from paradigms in the physical sciences in that they must show the end goal to be pursued. Originality. A completely new model of the socio-economic development of the state is proposed, which has no analogues in world practice, and on its basis – a new socio-economic paradigm. The main principles that should be the basis for the functioning of a highly efficient macroeconomic «mechanism» are described. The most important principle of the new economic model is the rejection of the pseudo-scientific category of «profits,» which constantly pushes the economy towards crises. Practical value. The introduction of this model in Ukraine alone will allow at the initial stage to obtain an economic effect of more than one trillion hryvnia per year, and the consequences of the social effect can be much greater.
Improvement of Train Traffic Control Technology Based on Abstract Modelling of Operational Processes
Authors: Lavrukhin O. V. , Myronets S. R , Bohomolov V. A.
Published: May 2023

Purpose. The main goal of the work is to improve the process of controlling transport units (trains) on the basis of abstract modelling of operational processes, which will allow the operational dispatching apparatus to respond in a timely manner to constantly changing train conditions. Methodology. In order to ensure the rhythmic and uniform movement of trains of all categories along railway lines, train dispatchers, based on their experience, together with locomotive dispatchers and train locomotive drivers, constantly monitor the operational train condition and develop a strategy for the movement of trains along railway sections. This approach is quite energy-consuming in terms of human resources due to excessive nervous tension. As a result of this shortcoming and mistakes made, there are unproductive downtime at railway stations and, in some cases, a significant reduction in sectional speed, which in turn directly affects the industry's profitability and the quality of passenger service, including high-speed traffic. The basis for making management decisions on operational train conditions is automated systems and personal experience of professionals. In this regard, it is advisable to form a model that will reproduce the optimal train operation plan by predicting the main indicators. Findings. In the course of the scientific and applied research, the predictor of collision of trains of different categories with station and inter-train intervals was determined, which can later become the basis of a powerful module of the operational decision support system. Originality. The paper proposes an approach to improving the process of managing transport units based on abstract modelling of operational processes, which, unlike existing approaches, allows the implementation of a high-speed intelligent decision support system for railway dispatching with the possibility of self-adaptation. Practical value. The implementation of the proposed approach in the form of an automated software system will further increase the profitability of the railway industry in the freight and passenger traffic sector.
Investigation of Hamming Network Procedures for Controlling Service Systems with Smprecisely Defined and Natural Language Data
Authors: Skalozub V. V. , Horiachkin V. M. , Klymenko I. V. , Terletskyi I. A. , Terlenko A. P.
Published: May 2023

Purpose. Models and methods, as well as software tools for the tasks of planning the flow of orders of service systems, or service systems (S&S), are quite widespread. The task of developing processes for classification and management of S&S based on the associative memory model of the Hamming neural network (HNN) with imprecisely defined data characteristics is relevant today, and has theoretical and practical significance. The main purpose of the work is to develop and study mathematical models of Hamming network procedures for S&S with imprecisely defined and natural language data characteristics, comparative analysis of fuzzy set models and CF confidence coefficients. Methodology. The paper uses a modification of the Hamming neural network procedures and numerical experimental studies of the comparative possibilities of using fuzzy sets μX (X → [0; 1]) as models of primary data, as well as expert confidence indicators, confidence factors CF(A) from the set [–1; +1]. Findings. The formation and study of improved models of Hamming neural networks intended for classification procedures in S&S with imprecisely defined and natural language data characteristics is carried out. Originality. For the first time, the comparative possibilities of using fuzzy values (NVs) and CFs as models for representing the properties of incomplete and imprecisely defined data, as well as data in natural language form, are investigated for the tasks of classification and management of S&S. At the same time, the advantages of the CF confidence factor model are established and appropriate procedures for classifying and managing S&S are formed. Practical value. The models and procedures for classifying the properties of multi-parameter S&S objects based on modified Hamming neural networks developed in the article allow to effectively solve a wide range of tasks in the field of S&S management under uncertainty and incompleteness of primary data.