bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Surf's Up
Authors: Cherney Maura , Davis Daniel Cochece , Metts Sandra
Published: November 2016

As human interaction increasingly shifts to on-line environments, the age-old challenge of determining communicators' credibility becomes all the more important and challenging. The absence of nonverbal behaviors adds to this challenge, though “rich media” attempt to compensate for this traditional lacuna within mediated interpersonal communication. The present study seeks to empirically understand how the ability and necessity of trust and credibility are built, maintained, and depreciated in online environments, using the on-line “Couchsurfing” travel environment as a worthy sample. In this environment, both hosts and guests must determine whether the other is a viable candidate for free housing, even though they have typically never met face-to-face, or even spoken via phone. Results show participants relying on information found in members' request messages and references, both when accepting and rejecting requests, with a lack of reliance placed on photos and other textual profile information.
Pedagogical Approaches for the 21st Century Student-Driven Learning in STEM Classrooms
Authors: Kalaian Sema A.
Published: November 2016

The aim of this chapter is to present a conceptual and practical overview of a variety of innovative student-centered face-to-face and online pedagogical approaches for the 21st century classrooms including science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) classrooms. Various alternative innovative forms of small-group learning and online teaching/learning methods have been developed and implemented worldwide to replace or supplement the traditional lecture-based instruction. Online teaching/learning, cooperative learning, collaborative learning, problem-based learning, and team-based learning are examples of such innovative reform-based collaborative student driven pedagogies that are covered. We conclude that these innovative 21st strategies make learning in both physical and online classrooms more stimulating and motivating for students, which promote better retention of the course content, minimize dropout rates, and maximize students' learning of the course content.
Technology Adoption as a Student-Driven Learning Strategy
Authors: Baporikar Neeta
Published: November 2016

The use of technology for learning and teaching brings optimism and opportunity for education. It liberates both the teacher and the student in the scholarly enterprise by removing traditional boundaries and restrictions to knowledge. However, it also challenges us to consider the best possible uses of that technology for our students and, more fundamentally, our actions as educators. The term technology enhanced learning is used extensively throughout the educational world; it is the latest in an assortment of terms that have been used to describe the application of information and communication technologies (ICT) to learning and teaching. Through exhaustive literature review and grounded theory approach this chapter reflects on the teaching – technology nexus, the use of technology as a student driven learning strategy with focus on augmenting student learning. The findings indicate that there is a strong nexus between teaching and technology in today's world. Further, adopting technology would aid better to put students in the driver's seat.
Skill of Forecasting Career Trends
Authors: Kadhm Sherouk J.
Published: November 2016

Graduate unemployment is regarded as a global phenomenon that threatens the economic stability in many societies. While there are many factors underlying this phenomenon, many researchers have indicated that inadequate enhancement of 21st century skills is one of the main culprits. In this chapter, the author provides a proposal for a new skill that should be included within our education curriculum. This skill aims to improve students' abilities to predict future career trends in their area of specialization. Forecasting career trends as a new skill is proposed in this chapter. To achieve the desired goal of this skill, the author suggests four sub-skills: perception of career desire; knowledge of specialization changes; recognition of career aspects; and invention of service methods. This chapter concludes with some recommendations and solutions.
Routine Outcome Measurement and the Development of the Australian Mental Health Workforce
Authors: Coombs Tim , Burgess Philip , Dickson Rosemary , McKay Roderick
Published: November 2016

This chapter provides an overview of the implementation of routine outcome measurement in mental health services in Australia. It describes the preparation necessary to enable the collection of these measures, including policy development. It then identifies the training, benchmarking, communication, and other workforce development activities necessary to initiate and sustain the collection. The chapter concludes by outlining the future development of the collection and the implication for continued workforce development.
Human uniqueness on the brink of a new axial age: From separation to reintegration of humans and nature
Authors: Du Toit Cornel W.
Published: November 2016

Karl Jaspers’ Axial Age concept is used to depict the way humans interact with their environment. The first Axial Age (800-200 BC) can be typified among others as the age in which humans started to objectify nature. Nature was dispossessed of spirits, gods and vital forces that humans previously feared and used as explanation for the origin of things. Secularised and objectified nature became a source of wealth for humans to use and abuse as they like. This has peaked in the post-industrial era which also introduced the Second Axial Age in which we presently live. The Second Axial Age can be typified by a new approach to nature mediated among others by insights from the side of the natural sciences, especially developments in cosmology, our understanding of the quantum world and new insights into the nature of consciousness. Another development in the Second Axial Age is the emergence of the nonhuman turn, new materialism, panpsychism, the notion of the post-human and theological concepts like the ‘entangled God’. These developments are discussed with reference to leading thinkers. The nonhuman turn is welcomed as it introduces respect for nature which may contribute to the survival of our planet.
Paraquat intoxication and associated pathological findings in three dogs in South Africa
Authors: Williams June H. , Whitehead Zandri , Van Wilpe Erna
Published: November 2016

Paraquat is a bipyridylium non-selective contact herbicide commonly used worldwide. When ingestion occurs by humans and animals either accidentally, intentionally or maliciously, paraquat selectively accumulates in the lungs resulting in the production of oxygen-free radicals, causing membrane damage and cell death. Intoxicated subjects typically show progressive and fatal pulmonary haemorrhage, collapse and oedema. In individuals surviving the acute phase, pulmonary fibrosis develops. Gastrointestinal-, renal- and central nervous system clinical signs may also occur. Owing to the lack of effective treatment and absence of an antidote, the prognosis is poor. The clinical presentation, clinicopathological findings and treatment are briefly described of three dogs from one South African household, intoxicated with paraquat. Macroscopic and microscopic lesions in one dog that was necropsied, as well as pulmonary ultrastructure are detailed and illustrated for academic reference. All dogs presented with tachypnoea and dyspnoea 2–3 days after accidental paraquat ingestion. Treatment was aimed at reducing gastrointestinal absorption, enhancing elimination by diuresis and avoiding further oxidative damage by administration of antioxidants. All dogs, however, became progressively hypoxic despite treatment and were euthanised. Paraquat toxicity should be a differential diagnosis in dogs with unexplained progressive respiratory and gastrointestinal signs and renal failure. The local veterinary profession should be aware of accidental or intentional paraquat toxicity of animals. Existing literature, variations possible in canine clinical signs, measured parameters, lesions, as well as possible treatments, promising experimental antidotes and management options are discussed.
The impact of a total reward system of work engagement
Authors: Hoole Crystal , Hotz Gabi
Published: November 2016

Orientation: Work engagement is critical for both employees and employers. With the reported downward spiral of engagement levels worldwide, organisations are recognising that in order to address this, attract best talent and keep employees motivated, they need to shift their attention to total reward strategies.Research purpose: The overall purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between total rewards and work engagement in a South African context and to determine which reward categories predict work engagement. The study further endeavoured to determine whether gender and age had a moderating effect on the relationship between total rewards and engagement.Motivation for the study: Statistics report that less than 30% of all working people are optimally engaged in their work. Considering that individuals spend more than a third of their lives at work committing themselves emotionally, physically and psychologically – research indicates that employees are no longer satisfied with traditional reward systems and want to feel valued and appreciated.Research approach, design and method: In this quantitative, cross-sectional research design using a non-probability convenience and purposive sampling strategy, 318 questionnaires were collected and analysed from financial institutions in Gauteng in which opinions were sought on the importance of different types of rewards structures and preferences, and how engaged they are in their workplace. The 17-item UWES and Nienaber total reward preference model were the chosen measuring instruments.Main findings: A small statistically significant correlation (r = 0.25; p < 0.05; small effect) was found between total rewards and work engagement, and 12% of the variance of work engagement was explained. Only performance and career management significantly predicted work engagement.Practical/Managerial implications: Although small, the significant correlation between total rewards and work engagement implies that total rewards are important motivators for employees in the workplace. Of the total rewards scales tested, only performance and career management significantly predicted work engagement, suggesting that more research is needed. Organisations seeking to implement total reward strategies should pay specific attention to which strategies have an impact on work engagement.Contribution/Value-add: Organisations must take cognisance that factors such as performance and career management significantly predicted work engagement and should be considered as part of their total reward offerings.
Answer and discussion: Cardiovascular imaging quiz case
Authors: Misser Shalendra
Published: November 2016

A 32-year-old woman presented with shortness of breath, NYHA grade 2–3, becoming progressively worse and affecting her activities of daily living. She underwent extensive investigations shown in the series of images including chest radiograph, abdominal sonar, computed tomography of chest and abdomen as well as a cardiac magnetic resonance imaging study.
Cardiovascular magnetic resonance frontiers: Tissue characterisation with mapping
Authors: Schofield Rebecca , Bhuva Anish , Manacho Katia , Moon James C.
Published: November 2016

The clinical use of cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging has expanded rapidly over the last decade. Its role in cardiac morphological and functional assessment is established, with perfusion and late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) imaging for scar increasingly used in day-to-day clinical decision making. LGE allows a virtual histological assessment of the myocardium, with the pattern of scar suggesting disease aetiology, and the extent of predicting risk. However, even combined, the full range of pathological processes occurring in the myocardium are not interrogated. Mapping is a new frontier where the intrinsic magnetic properties of heart muscle are measured to probe further. T1, T2 and T2* mapping measures the three fundamental tissue relaxation rate constants before contrast, and the extracellular volume (ECV) after contrast. These are displayed in colour, often providing an immediate appreciation of pathology. These parameters are differently sensitive to pathologies. Iron (cardiac siderosis, intramyocardial haemorrhage) makes T1, T2 and T2* fall. T2 also falls with fat infiltration (Fabry disease). T2 increases with oedema (acute infarction, takotsubo cardiomyopathy, myocarditis, rheumatological disease). Native T1 increases with fibrosis, oedema and amyloid. Some of these changes are large (e.g. iron, oedema, amyloid), others more modest (diffuse fibrosis). They can be used to detect early disease, distinguish aetiology and, in some circumstances, guide therapy. In this review, we discuss these processes, illustrating clinical application and future advances.
Lower tropospheric distributions of O3 and aerosol over Raoyang, a
rural site in the North China Plain
Authors: Wang Rui , Xu Xiaobin , Jia Shihui , Ma Ruisheng , Ran Liang , Deng Zhaoze , Lin Weili , Wang Ying , Ma Zhiqiang
Published: November 2016

Abstract. The North China Plain (NCP) has become one of the most polluted regions in China, with the rapid increasing economic growth in the past decades. High concentrations of ambient O3 and aerosol have been observed at urban as well as rural sites in the NCP. Most of the in situ observations of air pollutants have been conducted near the ground so that current knowledge about the vertical distributions of tropospheric O3 and aerosol over the NCP region is still quite limited. In this study, vertical profiles of O3 and size-resolved aerosol concentrations below 2.5 km were measured in summer 2014 over a rural site in the NCP using an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) equipped with miniature analyzers. In addition, vertical profiles of aerosol scattering property in the lower troposphere and vertical profiles of O3 below 1 km were also observed at the site using a LIDAR and tethered balloon, respectively. The depths of the mixed layer and residual layer were determined using two methods. Average O3 and size-resolved aerosol number concentration in both the mixed and residual layer were obtained from the data observed in seven UAV flights. The results show that during most of the flights the O3 levels above the top of mixed layer were higher than those below. Such positive gradient in vertical distribution of O3 makes the residual layer an important source of O3 in the mixed layer, particularly during morning when the top of mixed layer is rapidly elevated. In contrast to O3, aerosol number concentration was normally higher in the mixed layer than in the residual layer, particularly in early morning. Aerosol particles were overwhelmingly distributed in the size range
Statistical analysis of Lagrangian transport of subtropical waters in the Japan Sea based on AVISO altimetry data
Authors: Prants Sergey V. , Budyansky Maxim V. , Uleysky Michael Yu.
Published: November 2016

Abstract. Northward near-surface Lagrangian transport of subtropical waters in the Japan Sea frontal zone is simulated and analyzed based on altimeter data for the period from January 2, 1993 to June 15, 2015. Computing different Lagrangian indicators for a large number of synthetic tracers launched weekly for 21 years in the southern part of the Sea, we find preferred transport pathways across the Subpolar Front. This cross-frontal transport is statistically shown to be meridionally inhomogeneous with "gates" and "barriers" whose locations are determined by the local advection velocity field. The gates "open" due to suitable dispositions of mesoscale eddies facilitating propagation of subtropical waters to the north. It is documented for the western, central and eastern gates with the help of different kinds of Lagrangian maps and verified by some tracks of available drifters. The transport through the gates occurs by a portion-like manner, i.e., subtropical tracers pass the gates in specific places and during specific time intervals. There are some "forbidden" zones in the frontal area where the northward transport has not been observed during all the observation period. They exist due to long-term peculiarities of the advection velocity field there.
Path and site effects deduced from transfrontier internet macroseismic data of two recent M4 earthquakes in NW Europe
Authors: Van Noten Koen , Lecocq Thomas , Sira Christophe , Hinzen Klaus-G. , Camelbeeck Thierry
Published: November 2016

Abstract. The online collection of earthquake testimonies in Europe is strongly fragmented across numerous seismological agencies. This paper demonstrates how collecting and merging “Did You Feel It?” (DYFI) institutional macroseismic data strongly improves the quality of real-time intensity maps. Instead of using ZIP code Community Internet Intensity Maps we geocode individual response addresses for location improvement, assign intensities to grouped answers within 100 km2 grid cells, and generate intensity attenuation relations from the grid cell intensities. Grid cell intensity maps are less subjective and illustrate a more homogeneous intensity distribution than the ZIP code intensity maps. Using grid cells for ground motion analysis offers an advanced method for exchanging transfrontier equal-area intensity data without sharing any personal’s information. The applicability of the method is demonstrated on the DYFI responses of two well-felt earthquakes: the 8 September 2011 ML 4.3 (MW 3.7) Goch (Germany) and the 22 May 2015 ML 4.2 (MW 3.7) Ramsgate (UK) earthquakes. Both events resulted in non-circular distribution of intensities which is not explained by geometrical amplitude attenuation alone but illustrates an important low-pass filtering due the sedimentary cover above the Anglo-Brabant Massif and in the Lower Rhine Graben. Our study illustrates the effect of increasing bedrock depth on intensity attenuation and the importance of the WNW-ESE Caledonian structural axis of the Anglo-Brabant Massif on seismic wave propagation: seismic waves are less attenuated – high Q – along the strike of the massif but are stronger attenuated – low Q – perpendicular to this structure, especially when they cross rheologically different seismotectonic units that are separated by crustal-rooted faults.
Audit Committee Characteristics and Earnings Management: Evidence from India
Authors: Mishra Mamta , Malhotra Amarjeet Kaur
Published: November 2016

Earnings management is perceived to be a pervasive phenomenon, spread across companies and industries. It distorts earnings quality and portrays an incorrect picture of a firm’s financial performance. Accounting frauds in companies originate from a culture of widespread earnings management. Audit committees are a popular corporate governance tool to improve the credibility of financial statements. The study, evidently the first of its kind in India, seeks to examine the effectiveness of audit committees in constraining earnings management in Indian companies. Secondary data is collected for a sample of 130 companies listed on the BSE and studied for a three-year period 2013-2015. Univariate correlations, multivariate linear regression, and logistic regression models are used to conduct empirical analysis. Evidence suggests significant impact of audit committee size, multiple directorships of audit committee members and frequency of audit committee meetings on earnings quality. Other audit committee characteristics are not found to have a significant impact on the level of earnings management. Findings of the study throw up useful insights for regulators and company boards to evaluate the efficacy of board audit committees and implement additional governance measures to help preserve the integrity of financial statements.
Designing Casual Maps Adopting an Intellectual Capital Perspective: A Case Study Analysis
Authors: De Santis Federica
Published: November 2016

Casual maps are a useful tool by which managers can understand what the key resources in their organization are and how these resources contribute to the value creation process. The aim of this paper is to understand, from an empirical perspective, if, how and why a causal map can be designed grounding on the Intellectual Capital (IC) studies. To achieve this aim a case study has been examined to reply to our research questions.The contribution of this paper to the management accounting literature is twofold. First it suggests a method to improve causal maps by making visible two aspects, time and interconnections, that traditionally overlooked (Marr et al., 2004 Nørreklit, 2000). Second, it systematizes and extends the literature on how to account for time and on the relative importance of the temporal dimension in developing effective strategies.The main findings of the research can be summed up as follows. From a methodological point of view, the use of multi-method approach in designing a casual map offers the opportunity to take into considerations the intensity of the relations and the time lag between activities and effects. Adopting an IC perspective, it emerges that the properties of IC (i.e. connectivity, dynamicity and specificity) have a great impact on the map and the adoption of an IC perspective in designing casual maps may be useful to enrich this management tool and to better consider the specific properties of IC.
The Effects of Quality Books for Children and the Metacognitive Strategy on Students’ Self-Esteem Levels
Authors: Cer Erkan , Sahin Ertugrul
Published: November 2016

Using a quasi-experimental design with pre-test and post-test control groups, 93 eighth grade students were randomly assigned either to the experimental or to the control group and responded to the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale two weeks before and after the intervention. While the students in the experimental group were instructed in quality books for children and reading comprehension skills based on metacognitive strategy for 10 weeks, the control group only received typical non-quality books. Study results showed that while the pre-test self-esteem scores of the students in both groups were similar before the intervention, the post-test self-esteem scores of the students in the experimental group were significantly higher than of those in the control group. Quality books and metacognitive strategy for students may not only help improve reading comprehension but also may increase self-esteem level.
Image Processing Algorithms for Driver Assistance using Wide Angle Cameras
Authors: Houben Sebastian
Published: November 2016

Modern vehicles are deployed with a large number of sensors in order to provide a rich spectrum of driver assistance functionality. These systems enhance security and comfort of passengers and other traffic participants alike, but they also pave the road to fully autonomous traffic. In order to provide this functionality robustly and reliably, one currently makes use of numerous specialized sensors: laser, radar, ultrasound, and infrared sensors, as well as different kinds of video cameras. The diversity of sensors comes with high cost and enables complex assistance functions momentarily only for upper-class vehicles. The current research, thus, focuses on the development of better algorithms that make similar systems possible on inexpensive sensors. This thesis examines the aptitude of a new camera system, which has recently grown popular in vehicles of most of the large automobile manufacturers, for all major video-based driver assistance functionality. This so-called Topview system consists of four wide angle cameras with a view angle of up to 200 degrees, usually mounted at the front bumper, the two side mirrors and the trunk lid. By these means, one is able to provide a view surrounding the entire vehicle. However, the single camera images are distorted which substantiates the need for adapted image processing algorithms.
Contributions to Gait Recognition Using Multiple-Views
Authors: López-Fernández David
Published: November 2016

This thesis focuses on identifying people by the way they walk. The problem of gait recognition has been addressed by using different approaches, both in the 2D and 3D domains, and using one or multiple views. However, the dependence on camera viewpoint (and therefore the dependence on the trajectory of motion) still remains an open problem. This dissertation addresses the problem of dependence on the trajectory through the use of 3D reconstructions of walking humans. The use of 3D models have several advantages that are worth mentioning. First, by the use of 3D reconstructions it is possible to exploit a greater amount of information in contrast to methods that extract descriptors from just 2D images. Second, the 3D reconstructions can be aligned along the way as if the subject had walked on a treadmill, thus providing a way to recognize people regardless the path. Three approaches are proposed in order to address the dependence on the trajectory: (1) using aligned 3D reconstructions of walking humans, (2) using unaligned 3D reconstructions of walking humans. (3) extracting a 3D description without using 3D reconstructions. Three gait descriptors are also proposed. The first focuses on describing gait by means of morphological analysis of 3D aligned volumes. The second makes use of the concept of entropy to describe the dynamics of human gait. The third aims to capture the dynamics of gait in a rotation invariant way, which makes it interesting for recognize people walking on both straight and curves path, and regardless direction changes. These approaches have been tested on the "AVA Multi-View Dataset (AVAMVG)" and on the "Kyushu University 4D Gait Database (KY4D)". Both databases are specifically designed to address the problem of dependence on the viewpoint, and therefore the dependence on the trajectory. Experimental results show that for the approach based on aligned volumetric reconstructions, the entropy-based gait descriptor achieved the best results compared to other closely related methods of the state-of-art. However, the rotation invariant gait descriptor achieves a recognition rate that overcomes the compared state-of-art methods without requiring the alignment of the 3D gait reconstructions.
A Confidence Framework for the Assessment of Optical Flow Performance
Authors: Márquez-Valle Patricia , Hernández-Sabaté Aura , Gil Debora
Published: November 2016

Optical Flow (OF) is the input of a wide range of decision support systems such as car driver assistance, UAV guiding or medical diagnose. In these real situations, the absence of ground truth forces to assess OF quality using quantities computed from either sequences or the computed optical flow itself. These quantities are generally known as Confidence Measures, CM. Even if we have a proper confidence measure we still need a way to evaluate its ability to discard pixels with an OF prone to have a large error. Current approaches only provide a descriptive evaluation of the CM performance but such approaches are not capable to fairly compare different confidence measures and optical flow algorithms. Thus, it is of prime importance to define a framework and a general road map for the evaluation of optical flow performance. This thesis provides a framework able to decide which pairs ”optical flow - confidence measure” (OF-CM)are best suited for optical flow error bounding given a confidence level determined by a decision support system.To design this framework we cover the following points: 1) Descriptive scores. As a first step, we summarize and analyze the sources of inaccuracies in the output of optical flow algorithms. Second, we present several descriptive plots that visually assess CM capabilities for OF error bounding. In addition to the descriptive plots, given a plot representing OF-CM capabilities to bound the error, we provide a numeric score that categorizes the plot according to its decreasing profile, that is, a score assessing CM performance. 2) Statistical framework. We provide a comparison framework that assesses the best suited OF-CM pairfor error bounding that uses a two stage cascade process. First of all we assess the predictive value of the confidence measures by means of a descriptive plot. Then, for a sample of descriptive plots computed over training frames, we obtain a generic curve that will be used for sequences with no ground truth. As a second step, we evaluate the obtained general curve and its capabilities to really reflect the predictive value of a confidence measure using the variability across train frames by means of ANOVA.The presented framework has shown its potential in the application on clinical decision support systems. In particular, we have analyzed the impact of the different image artifacts such as noise and decay to the output of optical flow in a cardiac diagnose system and we have improved the navigation inside the bronchial tree on bronchoscopy.
Os expurgos de 1964 e o discurso anticorrupção na caricatura da grande imprensa
Authors: Motta Rodrigo Patto Sá
Published: November 2016

Este artigo aborda os discursos visuais e verbais da grande imprensa no contexto do Golpe de 1964, com ênfase no “segundo alvo” dos expurgos empreendidos pelo novo regime, qual seja, a corrupção. O estudo analisa o papel dos periódicos – em especial das caricaturas – na construção de representações que sustentaram a ditadura, notadamente no que se refere ao combate à corrupção. Para abordar adequadamente o objeto, busca-se perceber os interesses políticos e as manipulações discursivas dos atores envolvidos, que muitas vezes foram movidos por razões bem distantes da luta contra a corrupção. Palavras-chave: Caricaturas; Política; Ditadura; Brasil - História - 1964-1985.
As charges antiperonistas de Tribuna da Imprensa (1949-1955)
Authors: Santos Rodolpho Gauthier Cardoso dos
Published: November 2016

Este artigo analisa as charges sobre o governo Juan Domingo Perón produzidas pela artista alemã Hilde Weber (1913-1994) para o jornal carioca Tribuna da Imprensa, no período de 1949 a 1955. Busca-se identificar como o humor foi utilizado para transmitir determinadas mensagens políticas e as relações delas com a posição político-partidária do periódico, cuja propriedade e direção estavam nas mãos de Carlos Lacerda, político e jornalista filiado à União Democrática Nacional (UDN). Profundamente antiperonista, Tribuna da Imprensa divulgou principalmente representações que destacavam o presidente argentino como déspota, conspirador, tolo e malandro. Nas charges assinadas por Hilde Weber fica implícita a personalização da experiência política justicialista, ao apontar uma única pessoa como principal responsável pela destruição das instituições democráticas. Também é visível que o jornal usava o noticiário negativo sobre o país vizinho como arma para a luta político-partidária em nível nacional. Carlos Lacerda, em especial, atuava como um dos principais opositores a políticos trabalhistas, como Getúlio Vargas e João Goulart, que, na sua visão, poderiam conduzir o Brasil a uma trajetória política semelhante à da Argentina peronista. Palavras-chave: Caricaturas e Desenhos Humorísticos; Peronismo; Imprensa – Argentina; Argentina – Política e Governo; Carlos Lacerda.
Batucadas, enredos e carnavalização. Os passos da Escola de Samba Nenê da Vila Matilde (1954-1967)
Authors: Silva Zelia Lopes
Published: November 2016

Neste texto, são discutidos aspectos da trajetória da Escola de Samba Nenê da Vila Matilde, de 1954 a 1967, centrando-se nos temas escolhidos para suas performances carnavalescas, com a intenção de detectar as possíveis pulsões críticas presentes nessas escolhas. Nesse sentido, a pesquisa argui se os motes de seus desfiles eram centrados apenas nas vivências do grupo ou se também dialogavam com os demais segmentos sociais. Traçar o seu perfil, nesse período de criação e consolidação das agremiações carnavalescas da comunidade negra, implica situá-la no grupo maior, de igual natureza, cujo percurso tem início em 1937, com o surgimento da “Lavapés”, considerada a primeira escola de samba paulistana. Embora a “Nenê” tenha sido criada em 1949, o marco dessa reflexão tem início em 1954, por suas passeatas expressarem um padrão temático em suas exibições; e estende-se até 1967, ano que antecede a institucionalização pelo poder público dos desfiles carnavalescos na capital paulista, a partir de quando passou a haver investimento de recursos públicos em sua montagem e nas escolas de samba. A pesquisa apoiou-se na imprensa diária, nos memorialistas (autobiografia, fotos e depoimentos dessas lideranças carnavalescas) e na bibliografia pertinente, buscando detectar os traços dessa Escola antes de sua institucionalização.Palavras-chave: Brasil; Escolas de Samba paulistanas; Carnavais Negros; Samba-Enredo; Nenê da Vila Matilde. Palavras-chave: Carnaval; Escolas de samba – São Paulo; Negros; Nenê da Vila Matilde (escola de samba); Samba.
Maria Bueno e suas representações: reflexões teóricas sobre as crenças religiosas no Paraná - século XXI
Authors: Serafim Vanda Fortuna , Piccoli Tonia Kio Fuzihara
Published: November 2016

O presente artigo objetiva tecer alguns apontamentos teóricos sobre as crenças religiosas no Paraná, a partir do caso de Maria Bueno, uma santa de cemitério de Curitiba, capital do referido estado, cuja morte ocorreu de forma violenta em finais no século XIX, rendendo-lhe distintas formas de representação e atraindo devotos na atualidade. Palavras-chave: BUENO, Maria; Cemitérios - Curitiba (PR); Fé.
A Statistical Analysis of Epoxy Polymer Reinforced with Micro Ceramic Particles
Authors: Lara Melo Arthur Bernardes , Paiva Luí­s Fernando Lucas , Dos Santos Júlio Cesar , Panzera Túlio H. , Santos Freire Rodrigo Teixeira
Published: November 2016

A significant amount of research has been focused on the use of ceramic nano/micro particles to enhance the strength and stiffness of polymeric matrices. This work evaluates the effect of Portland cement or crystalline silica (quartz) particle inclusions into epoxy polymer. Two experiments were conducted based on a full factorial design analysis. Experiment I investigated the effect of Portland cement amount (ASTM III), two types of hardeners (HY 951 and 956) and two curing times (7 and 28 days) on the compressive behaviour and density of particulate composites. Experiment II evaluated the incorporation of quartz or cement particles by mixing different mass fraction levels, considering 28 days of curing time and HY 951 hardener. The samples were prepared in a randomized manufacturing process and tested in compression. The mechanical properties were significantly affected by the type of hardener used. Both particles can enhance the compressive strength and stiffness of the composites.
Soy Protein Isolate/Poly (Vinyl Alcohol) Films with IPN Structure by Crosslinkage of Ferulic Acid
Authors: Su Jun-Feng , Wang Ying-Yuan , Han Shan , Zhang Xiao-Long
Published: November 2016

Blend films from nature soy protein isolates (SPI) and synthetical poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) were successfully fabricated by crosslinkage of ferulic acid (FA) based on a solution-casting method. Structure analysis results indicated that FA had chemical reactions with both SPI and PVA, a three-dimensional interpenetrated polymer networks (IPN) had formed between SPI and PVA. The miscibility of SPI/PVA blends had improved by crosslinkage of FA. Moreover, the transparency of films had enhanced with the increasing of FA contents, which proved the INP structure of SPI/PVA blends could be adjusted by cross-linking degree. This method supplies a highlight potential usage of SPI as environmental-friendly packaging films.
La temprana formación literaria del joven José Gaos en Valencia (1915-1919)
Authors: Arévalo Benito Héctor
Published: November 2016

English title: "The early literary education of the young José Gaos in Valencia (1915-1919)"Resumen: Nuestra intención en este texto es investigar acerca de los primeros años de formación del pensamiento de José Gaos (1900-1969); así pues, no parece ser demasiado erróneo pensar que aquél, hacia 1915 no era, aún, puramente “filosófico”: la Filosofía representaba parte de su formación, cumpliendo el mismo papel —eso sí: básico y fundamental— que desempeñó la Literatura. El primer auténtico encuentro con la Filosofía se daría antes de su llegada a Valencia, en ese mismo año de 1915; pero ese también es el año en que Gaos recibirá una sólida formación estético-literaria a través de prensa y revistas filosóficas, especialmente en el grupo que conformó junto con Max Aub, José Medina Echeverría y su hermano Carlos Gaos. Abstract: This paper investigates in detail about the early years of José Gaos (1900-1969) and his education in philosophy and literature. Therefore, we know that their studies (academic or not) were not purely “philosophical” in 1915. Literature and philosophy played in Gaos an equally important role. The first real encounter with philosophy happens before he comes to Valencia in 1915; but in this year Gaos also receives a strong education, in aesthetic and literary, through press and philosophical journals, and especially within the group formed with Max Aub, José Medina Echeverría and his brother Carlos Gaos. Palabras clave: José Gaos, literatura, juventud, formación, Valencia. Keywords: José Gaos, literature, youth, education, Valencia.
L'ètica de la creença
Authors: Clifford W. K.
Published: November 2016

Traducció de "The Ethics of Belief".
La voluntat de creure
Authors: James William
Published: November 2016

Traducció de "The Will to Believe"
Comprender e Interpretar. La recepción de la hermenéutica en la España democrática, por J.M. Gómez-Heras y M. Martín Gómez, coords.
Authors: Ortega Esquembre César
Published: November 2016

Reseña del llibro Comprender e Interpretar. La recepción de la hermenéutica en la España democrática, coordinado por J.M. Gómez-Heras y M. Martín Gómez.
Analogía y fuerza argumentativa, por Corina Yoris
Authors: Roldán Corrales Jaime
Published: November 2016

Reseña del libro Analogía y fuerza argumentativa, por Corina Yoris
Safety Effectiveness of Converting Conventional Intersections to Roundabouts: Case Study in the City of Niš
Authors: Vujanić Milan , Savićević Milan , Antić Boris , Pešić Dalibor
Published: November 2016

Intersections present a big safety problem in traffic since there has been an increased risk of crashes because of conflicts in the flows intersecting. A great number of studies done in the world show that roundabouts are safer than conventional intersections since it has been recorded that after the conversion to roundabouts the number of crashes has been decreasing. The research on applying Empirical Bayes (EB) method has been conducted by using 15 two-lane intersections in the city of Niš (Serbia), which have been converted into large compact two-lane roundabouts during the period of 2005-2013. The results show that the conversion of conventional intersections into roundabouts has positive effect on reducing the number of crashes. For all intersections, the reduction of crashes is estimated at around 76% for all crashes, i.e. 80% for the crashes with injuries. For different groups of intersections the effects are determined separately.
Relationship between crystal defects and leakage current in β-Ga2O3 Schottky barrier diodes
Authors: Kasu Makoto , Hanada Kenji , Moribayashi Tomoya , Hashiguchi Akihiro , Oshima Takayoshi , Oishi Toshiyuki , Koshi Kimiyoshi , Sasaki Kohei , Kuramata Akito , Ueda Osamu
Published: November 2016

We fabricated Schottky barrier diodes (SBDs) on the entire surface of a

β-Ga2O3 single crystal, and investigated the leakage current in both forward and reverse directions. Subsequently, we investigated the distribution of dislocation and void etch pits on the entire surface. The dislocation etch pit density on the surface ranged from <1 × 103 to 6 × 104, and its average was 1.1 × 104 cm−2. The void etch pit density on the surface ranged from <5 × 102 to 7 × 103, and its average was 6 × 103 cm−2. From a comparison between the SBD leakage current and the dislocation and void etch pit densities, we found that dislocations are closely related to the SBD reverse leakage current, and that not all voids produce the leakage current.
Chemically synthesized magnetic Co–Fe–Ga alloy nanoparticles
Authors: Imai Takatomo , Shima Mutsuhiro
Published: November 2016

Magnetic properties of Co2Fe
x
Ga
y
alloy nanoparticles in the L21 ordered phase produced by chemical synthesis and post annealing have been investigated. Structural analyses of the Co2Fe
x
Ga
y
samples by X-ray diffraction show that both ordered B2 and L21 phases are formed when Ga composition is in the range 0.66 ≤ y ≤ 1.42. With increasing y from 0.58 to 1.4 at x = 1.0, the coercivity increases from 7.1 to 23 mT, while the saturation magnetization decreases from 970 to 410 kA/m. Microstructural analyses using TEM reveal that the alloy particles annealed at 973 K are agglomerated by sintering. When Al(NO3)3 was added during the synthesis, the average particle size significantly decreases from 84 to 12 nm, presumably due to the formation of aluminum oxides, resulting in the decrease in coercivity from 29 to 5.1 mT.
The potential for self-seeding by the coral Pocillopora spp. in Moorea, French Polynesia
Authors: Tsounis Georgios , Edmunds Peter J.
Published: November 2016

Coral reefs in Moorea, French Polynesia, suffered catastrophic coral mortality through predation by Acanthaster planci from 2006 to 2010, and Cyclone Oli in 2010, yet by 2015 some coral populations were approaching pre-disturbance sizes. Using long-term study plots, we quantified population dynamics of spawning Pocillopora spp. along the north shore of Moorea between 2010 and 2014, and considered evidence that population recovery could be supported by self-seeding. Results scaled up from study plots and settlement tiles suggest that the number of Pocillopora spp. colonies on the outer reef increased 1,890-fold between 2010 and 2014/2015, and in the back reef, 8-fold between 2010 and 2014/2015. Assuming that spawning Pocillopora spp. in Moorea release similar numbers of eggs as con-generics in Hawaii, and fertilization success is similar to other spawning corals, the capacity of Pocillopora spp. to produce larvae was estimated. These estimates suggest that Pocillopora spp. in Moorea produced a large excess of larvae in 2010 and 2014 relative to the number required to produce the recruits found in the back reef and outer reef in 2010 and 2014, even assuming that ∼99.9% of the larvae do not recruit in Moorea. Less than a third of the recruits in one year would have to survive to produce the juvenile Pocillopora spp. found in the back and outer reefs in 2010 and 2014/2015. Our first order approximations reveal the potential for Pocillopora spp. on the north shore of Moorea to produce enough larvae to support local recruitment and population recovery following a catastrophic disturbance.
Identification of HLA‐DRB1*09:01‐restricted Mycobacterium tuberculosis CD4+ T‐cell epitopes
Authors: Liu Su‐Dong , Zhang Shi‐Meng , Wang Hui , He Jian‐Chun , Yang Xiao‐Fan , Du Xia‐Lin , Ma Li
Published: November 2016

CD4+ T cells play an essential role in protection against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) infection. We identified three HLA‐DRB1*09:01‐restricted CD4+ T‐cell epitopes derived from the dominant secreted MTB antigens 38 kDa (Rv3804c) and Ag85A (Rv0934). The antigens were screened for epitopes by in silico prediction programs and analysis of IFN‐γ induction in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from TB patients. In response to three of the high‐affinity predicted epitopes derived from 38 kDa and Ag85A, CD4+ T cells from HLA‐DRB1*09:01 TB patients were stimulated to produce IFN‐γ and Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF)‐α. The three epitopes were also found to induce the proliferation of CD4+ T cells by carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester‐diluted assays. These HLA‐DRB1*09:01‐restricted CD4+ T‐cell epitopes facilitate analysis of the role of 38 kDa‐ and Ag85A‐specific T cells in MTB infection and pave way for the design of vaccines against tuberculosis.
Evaporation estimates using weather station data and boundary layer theory
Authors: Gentine P. , Chhang A. , Rigden A. , Salvucci G.
Published: November 2016

Global estimates of evapotranspiration remain a challenge. In this study, we show that the daily course of air temperature and specific humidity available at routine weather stations can be used to estimate evapotranspiration and the evaporative fraction, the ratio of latent heat flux to available energy at the surface. Indeed, the diurnal increase in air temperature reflects the magnitude of the sensible heat flux and the increase of specific humidity after sunrise reflects the amplitude of evapotranspiration. The method is physically constrained and based on the budget of heat and moisture in the boundary layer. Unlike land surface‐based estimates, the proposed boundary layer estimate does not rely on ad hoc surface resistance parameterizations (e.g., Penman‐Monteith). The proposed methodology can be applied to data collected at weather stations to estimate evapotranspiration and evaporative fraction under cloudy conditions and in the pre–remote sensing era.
Low radiation efficiency of the intermediate‐depth earthquakes in the Japan subduction zone
Authors: Ko Justin Yen‐Ting , Kuo Ban‐Yuan
Published: November 2016

Robust determination of earthquake source parameters over a continuous depth range is central to inferring rupture mechanisms dominant at different depths. We employed a cluster‐event method to constrain the source parameters as well as along‐path attenuation for earthquakes over 0–150 km depths and 4 orders of seismic moments in the Japan subduction zone. We found that corner frequency and stress drop increase with depth, whereas the radiated energy scaled by seismic moment declines with depth slightly. As a result, the radiation efficiency exhibits a notable deficit for events deeper than 60 km. Together these suggest an increased energy dissipation during faulting in ductile deformation regime, consistent with shear heating instability as an important faulting mechanism for intermediate‐depth earthquakes.
Reconciling satellite aerosol optical thickness and surface fine particle mass through aerosol liquid water
Authors: Nguyen Thien Khoi V. , Ghate Virendra P. , Carlton Annmarie G.
Published: November 2016

Summertime aerosol optical thickness (AOT) over the southeast U.S. is sharply enhanced over wintertime values. This seasonal pattern is unique and of particular interest because temperatures there have not warmed over the past 100 years. Patterns in surface fine particle mass are inconsistent with satellite reported AOT. In this work, we attempt to reconcile the spatial and temporal distribution of AOT over the U.S. with particle mass measurements at the surface by examining trends in aerosol liquid water (ALW), a particle constituent that scatters radiation and affects satellite AOT but is removed in mass measurements at routine surface monitoring sites. We employ the thermodynamic model ISORROPIAv2.1 to estimate ALW mass concentrations at Interagency Monitoring of PROtected Visual Environments sites using measured ion mass concentrations and North American Regional Reanalysis meteorological data. Excellent agreement between Cloud‐Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations AOT and estimated ALW provides a plausible explanation for the discrepancies in the geographical patterns of AOT and aerosol mass measurements.