bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Relevant Ingredients for Identifying Factors With Significant Impact on Research Structures Efficiency in Higher Education
Authors: El Kadiri Boutchich Driss
Published: May 2020

This work proposes relevant ingredients to highlight the factors with significant impact on efficiency of research structures in higher education. The ingredients in question include methods and their implementation taking into account the choice and operationalization of factors as well as options of the retained methods. The methods employed in this work are Data Envelopment Analysis and Multiple Linear Regression. The originality of this work lies in its intermethodology, as efficiency scores which are determined by Data Envelopment Analysis are considered as the dependent variable of the Multiple Linear Regression. Its originality resides also in dealing with the Multiple Linear Regression methods that are little approached in the works which use this technique and in combining parametric and nonparametric methods. This work has social and research implications, as research structures feel that research subsidies they receive depend on their outcomes and leads them to privilege factors with great impact on their efficiency. This work has shown that to determine the factors that have a significant impact on the research structures efficiency, research activities proposed by the international research institutions and contingency factors of the research structures must be taken into account. On the other side, the regression methods used to highlight the aforementioned impact become outmoded and needed some improvements. Finally, for an appropriate measure of research activities, the ideal is to integrate Data Envelopment Analysis and Multiple Linear Regression, especially as linear programming has already been integrated in Multiple Linear Regression.
Providing Career Development Services to Veterans: Perceived Need, Acceptability, and Demand
Authors: Stevenson Brian J. , Gorman Jay A. , Crossman Donna M. , Mueller Lisa
Published: May 2020

Providing career development services, through career counseling and assessment, is part of vocational rehabilitation programming. However, there is no applied evidence that such career development services are feasible or accepted among individuals with psychiatric disorders. We examined feasibility (acceptability, demand, and perceived need) of the Vocational Evaluation Center (VEC), one veterans affairs (VA) hospital’s method of career development services for veterans with psychiatric disorders. Demographics, referral source, and service utilization were analyzed among 90 veterans referred to the VEC. Qualitative analysis identified patterns to veterans’ reasons for seeking VEC services. Veterans referred to the VEC were predominately unemployed and disabled. Veterans tolerated the intervention well, with 16.7% dropping out. Reported needs for VEC services included (a) vocational uncertainty, (b) functional considerations in vocational planning, and (c) finding purpose. Veterans with psychiatric disorders want career development services. The VEC model appears feasible, well-tolerated, and aligned with consumers’ needs.
Research on collaborative innovation among enterprises in green supply chain based on carbon emission trading
Authors: Hao Xiuzi , Li Baizhou
Published: May 2020

Considering the multiple effects of product greenness and carbon emission trading, this article constructs a differential game model to study the collaborative innovation between enterprises in a green supply chain composed of one manufacturer and one supplier. This article examines the optimal green technology innovation strategies, optimal revenues of manufacturers and suppliers as well as the overall green supply chain revenues in the Nash non-cooperative game model, the Stackelberg master–slave game model, and cooperative game model, respectively. Through the comparative analysis of equilibrium results, it is found that the optimal strategies of suppliers and manufacturers as well as the total revenue of the green supply chain in the cooperative games are better than those in the non-cooperative game scenario. Meanwhile, undertaking part of suppliers’ green innovation cost by manufacturers is the Pareto optimization mechanism that increases the total revenue of the green supply chain and their respective revenues. The research results of this article provide theoretical support for green supply chain enterprises to formulate incentive mechanisms for scientific strategy-making and reasonable revenue distribution.
Developing and Testing the Transformative Travel Experience Scale (TTES)
Authors: Soulard Joelle , McGehee Nancy , Knollenberg Whitney
Published: May 2020

Transformative travel encourages tourists to self-reflect, question their assumptions, and develop a more tolerant worldview. While this form of travel is gaining attention, there is unmet demand for a scale that measures the complex transformative travel experience and potential outcomes. This study focuses on developing the Transformative Travel Experience Scale (TTES). The study applies a well-tested approach based on DeVellis and Podsakoff et al. to reveal that a four-dimensional scale, composed of the dimensions of local residents and culture, self-assurance, disorienting dilemma, and joy, can be successfully used to measure the process and outcomes of transformative travel. From a theoretical perspective, the findings suggest that the disorienting dilemma might occur at different points in time. The Transformative Travel Experience Scale is helpful to organizations that want to capture the positive changes resulting from participation in transformative travel when applying for certifications, awards, and grants.
Crash Theory: Entrapments of Conservation Drones and Endangered Megafauna
Authors: Fish Adam
Published: May 2020

Drones deployed to monitor endangered species often crash. These crashes teach us that using drones for conservation is a contingent practice ensnaring humans, technologies, and animals. This article advances a crash theory in which pilots, conservation drones, and endangered megafauna are relata, or related actants, that intra-act, cocreating each other and a mutually constituted phenomena. These phenomena are entangled, with either reciprocal dependencies or erosive entrapments. The crashing of conservation drones and endangered species requires an ethics of care, repair, or reworlding. Diffractions, disruptions that expose difference, result from crashes and reveal the precarious manner by which technologies, laws, and discourses bring nature and culture together. To support crash theory, this article presents three ethnographic cases. A drone crash in the United Kingdom near white rhinoceroses while building machine learning training data exhibits the involvement of the electromagnetic spectrum; the threat of crashes in the Pacific Northwest near Puget Sound orcas discloses the impacts of drone laws; and drone crashes in Sri Lanka among Asian elephants presents the problems of technoliberal ideals around programming natural worlds. Throughout the article, a methodology is developed, parallelism, which attends to the material similarities in lateral phenomena.
The politics and perils of dis/connection in the Global South
Authors: Lim Merlyna
Published: May 2020

Using empirical vignettes of repression against minority groups in the Global South, my essay attempts to contribute to the existing discourse in disconnection studies by contextualising and reconceptualising the notion of disconnection in the contemporary milieu. I introduce the term ‘dis/connection’ into the existing repertoire to illustrate how the interplay between connection and disconnection serves as a tactic and a technique of both repression and resistance. ‘Dis/connection as repression’ represents a political practice of modern power that is ubiquitous, diffuse and circulating; it captures both territorial and network ecologies, renders the living condition of the targeted community transparent, making them visible to the gaze of the authorities. Against this practice, I identify the possibility of resistance by conceptualising ‘dis/connection as resistance’ in the form of an assemblage, namely the interplay between connection and disconnection that is formed through a constellation of things, each paving their own pathways but can cohere at certain events or moments before dispersing again. ‘Dis/connection assemblage’ follows the logic of media hybridity, is built upon temporary aggregates of media artefacts and connects networks and territorialities in multiple spatialities and temporalities. Within the dis/connection assemblage, people may sculpt their spaces and networks of hope for change.
Public opinion in policy contexts. A comparative analysis of domestic energy policies and individual policy preferences in Europe
Authors: Stadelmann-Steffen Isabelle , Eder Christina
Published: May 2020

Recent research and real-world processes suggest that effective climate change mitigation policies are not feasible without at least a certain degree of public support. Hence, we investigate the link between existing domestic energy policies and individual policy instrument preferences in 21 European countries. We assume a policy feedback perspective and, thus, start from the idea that the current domestic energy context influences what future policies are possible and preferred by citizens. High political trust and strong climate change attitudes are expected to strengthen this relationship. Our results do not lend support to a general link between existing policies and future policy preferences. However, we find evidence of a positive policy feedback in individuals with strong climate change attitudes and/or high levels of political trust, which, depending on each country’s current energy policy, either hinders or facilitates the energy transition.
Pneumatized Crista Galli: A Histopathologic Study
Authors: Marjanovic Kavanagh Marcel , Tokic Tomislav , Jakovcevic Antonia , Smiljanic Ranko , Bumber Boris , Prstacic Ratko
Published: May 2020

Objective

This is the first histopathologic study that investigates the incidence of the pneumatized crista galli.

Study Design

A prospective histopathologic study.

Setting

Tertiary academic medical center.

Subjects and Methods

A total of 109 specimens of crista galli were obtained postmortem during 2018 from randomly chosen patients who died at the University Hospital Centre Zagreb and had an autopsy at our Department of Pathology and Cytology. Specimens were surgically resected during the autopsy and then fixed, decalcinated, dehydrated, and embedded in paraffin. All slides were cut into 5‐µm‐thin sections and stained with a standard method (hematoxylin and eosin) for light microscope analysis. Specimens were histopathologically analyzed for the existence of pneumatization inside crista galli. The criterion to declare a specimen pneumatized was the presence of mucosa inside the cavity.

Results

Pneumatized crista galli was found in 5 of 109 specimens (4.59%). In 5 of 5 cases (100%) of pneumatized crista galli, there was evidence of chronic inflammation.

Conclusion

We found that the incidence of pneumatized crista galli is significantly lower in our histopathologic study in comparison with the majority of previous radiologic studies. Our study also found that all 5 specimens with pneumatized crista galli had chronic inflammation in the mucosa, which is a considerably higher incidence than in the previous studies (7.7%‐44%). Due to the emerging evidence of pneumatized crista galli being of clinical importance, we suggest that a larger study be conducted before the results are generalized to the general population.
Anosmia and the Need for COVID‐19 Screening during the Pandemic
Authors: Karimi‐Galougahi Mahboobeh , Raad Nasim , Mikaniki Narges
Published: May 2020

In this commentary, we briefly summarize the available data from Iran and other countries on the sudden increase in anosmia, hyposmia, and hypogeusia that has coincided with the COVID‐19 pandemic. Alarmingly, a high proportion of patients with severe COVID‐19 had isolated anosmia as the sole initial presenting symptom, which is likely due to the direct neuropathic effect of the virus rather than being secondary to nasal congestion and obstruction. Since isolated anosmia is not yet considered a prerequisite for screening for COVID‐19, we wish to raise awareness on the association of anosmia with COVID‐19, urging international and national health authorities to consider this association in their efforts for early detection and isolation of infected individuals and for breaking the chain of transmission. We urge our colleagues who assess patients with new‐onset anosmia to strictly adhere to the safety guidelines to reduce the risk of exposure and infection during this nascent pandemic.
The Prevalence of Olfactory and Gustatory Dysfunction in COVID‐19 Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta‐analysis
Authors: Tong Jane Y. , Wong Amanda , Zhu Daniel , Fastenberg Judd H. , Tham Tristan
Published: May 2020

Objective

To determine the pooled global prevalence of olfactory and gustatory dysfunction in patients with the 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID‐19).

Data Sources

Literature searches of PubMed, Embase, and Scopus were conducted on April 19, 2020, to include articles written in English that reported the prevalence of olfactory or gustatory dysfunction in COVID‐19 patients.

Review Methods

Search strategies developed for each database contained keywords such as anosmia, dysgeusia, and COVID‐19. Resulting articles were imported into a systematic review software and underwent screening. Data from articles that met inclusion criteria were extracted and analyzed. Meta‐analysis using pooled prevalence estimates in a random‐effects model were calculated.

Results

Ten studies were analyzed for olfactory dysfunction (n = 1627), demonstrating 52.73% (95% CI, 29.64%‐75.23%) prevalence among patients with COVID‐19. Nine studies were analyzed for gustatory dysfunction (n = 1390), demonstrating 43.93% (95% CI, 20.46%‐68.95%) prevalence. Subgroup analyses were conducted for studies evaluating olfactory dysfunction using nonvalidated and validated instruments and demonstrated 36.64% (95% CI, 18.31%‐57.24%) and 86.60% (95% CI, 72.95%‐95.95%) prevalence, respectively.

Conclusions

Olfactory and gustatory dysfunction are common symptoms in patients with COVID‐19 and may represent early symptoms in the clinical course of infection. Increased awareness of this fact may encourage earlier diagnosis and treatment, as well as heighten vigilance for viral transmission. To our knowledge, this is the first meta‐analysis to report on the prevalence of these symptoms in COVID‐19 patients.
Book review: Sarvani Gooptu, The Actress in the Public Theatres of Calcutta
Authors: Sarkar Tanika
Published: May 2020

Sarvani Gooptu, The Actress in the Public Theatres of Calcutta, Primus Books, New Delhi, 2015, xxviii + 160 pp., ₹895 (hardcover).
Book review: Neeladri Bhattacharya, The Great Agrarian Conquest: The Colonial Reshaping of a Rural World
Authors: Scott James C.
Published: May 2020

Neeladri Bhattacharya, The Great Agrarian Conquest: The Colonial Reshaping of a Rural World, Permanent Black in Association with Ashoka University, Ranikhet, 2018, xv + 522 pp., ₹1195 (hardback).
Successfully navigating the paradox of control and autonomy in succession: The role of managing ambivalent emotions
Authors: Radu-Lefebvre Miruna , Randerson Kathleen
Published: May 2020

This article theorises how, why and with what outcomes successors manage the paradox of control and autonomy emerging as role conflict through emotion management strategies; thus, it contributes to theory building on paradox and emotion management in family business. Drawing on 20 interpretive case studies of French family businesses operating in wide-ranging industries, we highlight emotional ambivalence towards the father/incumbent, the mother, siblings and cousins, and leadership and document their prevalence in enmeshed family businesses. We show that when motivated by self-conformity and self-protection motives, successors accept the incumbent’s control and manage ambivalent emotions through defensive strategies, such as avoidance or compromise, which contributes to the pursuit of successor legitimacy. We reveal that during successor installation, successors might reject the incumbent’s control and instead promote personal autonomy by managing ambivalent emotions through confrontational strategies, such as hyperbolised emotional reactions, emotional display of negative emotions or holism, which contributes to successor emancipation.
The what and how of Family business paradox: Literature-inspired distillations and directions
Authors: Barrett Mary A , Moores Ken
Published: May 2020

The purpose of this article is to review and comment on the literature on family business paradox against the backdrop of Moores and Barrett’s 4Ls learning framework. This framework outlined the learning paradoxes, priorities and pathways that successful family business CEOs identified and coped with in their learning journeys. A ‘what and how’ theme emerges from our literature review (203 items) where we identify both confirmations and deficiencies in the 4Ls framework – deficiencies that suggest future research opportunities. Research directions are distilled in the form of questions that extend the 4Ls by enhancing the model both within it and by connecting it with adjacent areas.
Managing tensions as paradox in CEO succession: The case of nonfamily CEO in a family firm
Authors: van Helvert-Beugels Judith , Nordqvist Mattias , Flören Roberto
Published: May 2020

An increasing number of family firms choose to select a nonfamily CEO for the highest executive office. However, appointing a nonfamily CEO in a family firm tends to give rise to tensions that need to be managed for effective work relationships between the nonfamily CEO and the family owners. We draw on insights from the paradox literature to better understand these tensions and how they are managed. We performed real-time, in-depth longitudinal research into one family firm, which appointed a nonfamily CEO, and studied tensions in the work relationships between the nonfamily CEO and the family owners for a period of three years. We identified tensions arising in four specific areas after the transition from a family to a nonfamily CEO: professionalisation, collaboration, resource allocation and role transition. We found new insights regarding how an advisory board can provide support for the family owners in building work relationships with the nonfamily CEO, which makes the tensions salient and possible to manage through a paradox approach. These results inform a perspective of paradox management that shows by whom and how the different tensions are managed, that is, through changes in behaviour and/or through changes in the underlying subsystems of the family firm.
Is the standard deviation of the apparent diffusion coefficient a potential tool for the preoperative prediction of tumor grade in endometrial cancer?
Authors: Yan Bin , Liang Xiufen , Zhao Tingting , Ding Caixia , Zhang Ming
Published: May 2020

Background

The tumor histological grade is closely related to the prognosis of endometrial cancer (EC). The use of the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), tumor volume, and MRI-based texture analysis has allowed exciting advances in predicting EC grade before surgery. However, whether this constitutes a simple, convenient, and powerful diagnostic method remains unknown.

Purpose

To explore the utility of standard deviation (SD) of the ADC (ADCSD) for predicting the tumor grade in patients with EC.

Material and Methods

We retrospectively evaluated 138 patients with EC. All patients underwent unenhanced MRI and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI). The mean ADC value (ADCmean) and SD were obtained using a freehand region of interest traced on the ADC map. Spearman’s linear correlation coefficients were calculated to analyze the correlations between the indexes (including ADCSD and the ADCmean) and the Ki-67 index. The Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–Whitney U tests were used to compare differences in the index results among tumor grades.

Results

A significant difference in ADCSD was observed among the tumor grades ( P=0.000), and the ADCSD value was significantly higher for high-grade EC than for low-grade tumors (289.7 vs. 216.3×10−6mm2 /s, P=0.000). A statistically significant positive correlation was observed between ADCSD and the Ki-67 index (r=0.364, P=0.000). According to the receiver operating characteristic curve, ADCSD ≥240.2×10−6mm2 /s predicted high-grade EC with a sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of 73.1%, 80.2%, and 77.5%, respectively.

Conclusion

Based on the intratumor heterogeneity of EC, ADCSD represents a potential method for the preoperative prediction of high-grade EC, although further studies are needed.
Duelling dynasties: A proposal concerning Ezekiel’s sign-act of the two sticks
Authors: Crouch C L
Published: May 2020

Ezekiel’s sign-act of the two sticks is an interpretive quagmire. Interpretive issues include the association of ‘Israel’ with both sticks, the use of the name ‘Joseph’ to identify the entity associated with the second stick, the interest in a defunct northern kingdom which this is thought to reflect, the relationship between the entities represented by the two sticks, the meaning of the terms עץ‎ and שבט‎, and the use of מלך‎. The article aims to resolve a number of these issues and to suggest the cause of certain others. It argues that the sign-act concerns the competing claims of the two royal lines created by the deportation of Jehoiachin to Babylon and the appointment of Zedekiah in Jerusalem. It should therefore be understood as part of a wider corpus of texts attesting to the ideological and practical struggle between the Babylonian golah and those left behind in the land.
Did Hagar give Ishmael up for dead? Gen. 21.14-21 re-visited
Authors: Janzen J Gerald , Noble John T
Published: May 2020

This article advances the thesis that Hagar’s statement in Gen. 21.16, ‘Let me not look upon the death of the child’, is not so much a despairing whimper of resignation as it is a cohortative prayer for divine intervention. Accordingly, the ‘casting’ of her son under a bush is not an act of exposure, but a signal of the child’s availability for adoption. Attending to the vocabulary and syntax of Hagar’s ordeal, then, we understand the scene to represent the enactment of Ishmael’s name, ‘God hears’.
Geographies of infrastructure II: Concrete, cloud and layered (in)visibilities
Authors: Furlong Kathryn
Published: May 2020

In this second progress report on infrastructure, I concentrate on the evolving infrastructures of our digital worlds, or ‘cloudfrastructures’. While there is an extensive literature in geography on the digital, less attention has been paid to its infrastructures. In this report I explore their relationships to other infrastructures, to nature, and to flow. I argue that paying attention to cloudfrastructures calls for new thinking on the axiom of (in)visibility in infrastructure studies, alerting us to (in)visibility as layered, multiple and orchestrated. Thinking of (in)visibility in this way also calls for an engagement with infrastructure beyond materiality.
Multidisciplinary survey of current and future use of emergency laparotomy risk assessment scores in New Zealand
Authors: Barazanchi Ahmed WH , Xia Weisi , Taneja Ashish , MacCormick Andrew D , Lightfoot Nicholas J , Hill Andrew G
Published: May 2020

Risk prediction is an important part of the management of emergency laparotomy (EL) patients. This study aims to investigate the current use of and future directions for EL risk prediction scores. New Zealand members of the Royal Australasian College of Surgery (RACS), Australian and New Zealand College of Anaesthetists (ANZCA) and College of Intensive Care Medicine (CICM) were invited to participate in an anonymous online survey. Responses were received from 316 clinicians (45 RACS, 253 ANZCA and 19 CICM), with 73% of them having >10 years’ experience as a consultant. Risk assessment scores were utilised by respondents for approximately 30% of EL cases. The most common EL risk scores used were Portsmouth Physiological and Operative Severity Score for the Enumeration of Mortality (P-POSSUM) and American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Programs (ACS-NSQIP). When used, respondents used risk assessment mostly preoperatively (RACS 100%, ANZCA 98% and CICM 78%), although P-POSSUM and ACS-NSQIP scores require intraoperative data (which can only be estimated crudely preoperatively by the clinician). Respondents on average ‘somewhat agreed’ that risk assessment scores should only include preoperative variables. The most common reasons for using P-POSSUM and ACS-NSQIP scores were familiarity and ease of use and availability of online/app calculators. The most important outcomes that the respondents would like to predict were quality of life and 30-day mortality rather than long-term impact from EL. These findings suggest that developing a new score may be required to improve utilisation and help in decision-making. This may require tailoring risk scores specifically for EL, and designing them to predict what is preferred by the clinicians making the decisions.
The Regulatory and Marketing Environment Surrounding the Legalization of Retail Marijuana and the Impact on Youth
Authors: Kelly Kathleen , Berry Christopher , Comello Maria Leonora G. , Ray Heather Bowen
Published: May 2020

This paper explores the intersections of emerging recreational marijuana policy and large-scale contemporary marketing practices. The authors examine the evolution of current policies and the overall regulatory environment related to the legalization and marketing of recreational marijuana in the United States, exploring current and possible effects of marijuana legalization on adolescent uptake. Although the federal government still classifies marijuana as a Schedule I drug and prohibits possession and sale of the drug for both medical and recreational purposes, states are moving toward legalization. Implications of legalization are explored from the perspectives of regulation, harm reduction, and risk perception. The authors make recommendations and develop propositions regarding future research needed to evaluate the marketing implications and regulatory efforts aimed at U.S. adolescents.
Authoritarian election as an incentive scheme
Authors: Hong Hao , Wong Tsz-Ning
Published: May 2020

Authoritarian rule requires teamwork of political elites. However, elite class members may lack incentive for the contribution of their efforts. In this paper, we develop a model to study the decision of authoritarian rulers to introduce elections. Our model suggests that elections can motivate the ruling class to devote more effort to public good provision. As a result, elections alleviate the moral-hazard-in-teams problem within the authoritarian government. Excessive electoral control hinders the introduction of elections, but mild electoral control facilitates it. Our findings offer a new perspective on understanding authoritarian elections and explain many stylized facts in authoritarian regimes.
Mechanical and free vibration properties of skin and core designed basalt woven intertwined with flax layered polymeric laminates
Authors: Ramraji K , Rajkumar K , Sabarinathan P
Published: May 2020

Design of fiber-reinforced polymer damping laminates has been attracting great interest in industrial sectors for lightweight structural damping applications. The present work investigates the impact of skin, core, neutral, and alternate intertwined basalt/flax fabric on the mechanical and vibrational properties of the newly designed polymeric laminate. The designed sequence structure was fabricated using a wet hand lay-up technique with hydraulic compression. Tensile and flexural strength of intertwined multilayer basalt/flax woven composite were studied. An effect of the intertwining on the tensile and flexural strength fractured surface of the composites has been further evaluated. Free vibration technique was used for recording vibration response and the related damping frequencies of intertwining composites. A cantilever mode impact hammer was used for generating periodic signals of the designed composite systems. Damping ratios and damped natural frequencies were calculated with several plies and sequence of flax/basalt woven in the composite. The experimental results revealed that the damped natural frequencies of class II, skin basalt layer intertwined seven core flax layered composite (B2F7) was high, followed by two skin basalt layers intertwined core flax layered composite (B4F5). The addition of the flax layer enhanced the natural frequency to the higher value. It was found that the skin basalt layer with intertwined flax layered B2F7 design structure exhibits maximum damping value with acceptable mechanical properties.
The modified arterial reservoir: An update with consideration of asymptotic pressure (P∞) and zero-flow pressure (Pzf)
Authors: Hughes Alun D , Parker Kim H
Published: May 2020

This article describes the modified arterial reservoir in detail. The modified arterial reservoir makes explicit the wave nature of both reservoir ( Pres) and excess pressure ( Pxs). The mathematical derivation and methods for estimating Pres in the absence of flow velocity data are described. There is also discussion of zero-flow pressure ( Pzf), the pressure at which flow through the circulation ceases; its relationship to asymptotic pressure ( P∞) estimated by the reservoir model; and the physiological interpretation of Pzf . A systematic review and meta-analysis provides evidence that Pzf differs from mean circulatory filling pressure.
Learning to Read and Dyslexia: From Theory to Intervention Through Personalized Computational Models
Authors: Ziegler Johannes C. , Perry Conrad , Zorzi Marco
Published: May 2020

How do children learn to read? How do deficits in various components of the reading network affect learning outcomes? How does remediating one or several components change reading performance? In this article, we summarize what is known about learning to read and how this can be formalized in a developmentally plausible computational model of reading acquisition. The model is used to understand normal and impaired reading development (dyslexia). In particular, we show that it is possible to simulate individual learning trajectories and intervention outcomes on the basis of three component skills: orthography, phonology, and vocabulary. We therefore advocate a multifactorial computational approach to understanding reading that has practical implications for dyslexia and intervention.
Feminist Philosophical Theology of the Atonement
Authors: Buck Jennifer M.
Published: May 2020

This article seeks to address the doctrine of the atonement using both the methodology of philosophical theology as well as the voices of feminist theology. Working primarily with the Christus Victor model and expanding upon Anslem’s framework, contemporary voices in feminist theological scholarship such as Darby Kathleen Ray, Kathryn Tanner, Mary Grey and Carter Heyward will be built upon in order to better further the conversation of the work of the cross.
Secularisation of Religion as the Source of Religious Gender Stereotypes
Authors: Anić Jadranka Rebeka , Spahić Šiljak Zilka
Published: May 2020

Secular–religious dichotomy has been criticised in discourse on secularisation theory as well as in discussions of the relationship between secular and religious feminism. Feminist theorists have criticised the secular–religious divide of feminism for overlooking facts such as the inherent gendering of this dichotomy, the participation of women believers in the gender equality movement since its inception, and the contributions of feminist theologians and gender studies scholars who use their respective religious traditions as a basis for gender egalitarianism. This article will criticise secular–religious dichotomy for overlooking the fact that secular, rather than religious, principles underlie gender stereotypes. Namely, Christian and Islamic theological anthropology has accepted philosophical postulates regarding the nature of women and used them to build models of subordination and complementarity of gender relations, thereby neglecting the egalitarian anthropology that can be developed based on the holy scriptures of both traditions. One of the challenges in exploring the secular-religious dichotomy can be found in the anti-gender movement in which believers join secular organizations and use secular discourse to advocate and preserve gender stereotypes.
Back to the sources: An attempt to resolve the Schlieffen Plan controversy
Authors: Holmes Terence M
Published: May 2020

The widely held belief that the Schlieffen Plan was the basis of German strategy in 1914 stems from the historical misrepresentation of that plan as a design for the conduct of a two-front war. Schlieffen’s famous memorandum of December 1905, generally known as the Schlieffen Plan, proposed a massive right-wing attack on France but only in the case of a one-front war. His basic principle for the conduct of a two-front war, spelled out in another document of December 1905, was to counter-attack on both fronts in quick succession. The younger Moltke’s decision for a massive right-wing attack on France in 1914 signified a rupture with Schlieffen’s strategic thinking, not a continuation of it. The First World War would have started very differently – with a great battle in Lorraine, not on the Marne – if the Germans had acted in accordance with Schlieffen’s real intentions for a war on two fronts.
Personal values among undergraduate nursing students: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Luciani Michela , Rampoldi Giulia , Ardenghi Stefano , Bani Marco , Merati Sandra , Ausili Davide , Grazia Strepparava Maria , Di Mauro Stefania
Published: May 2020

Background:

Personal values influence nursing students’ development of professional values, which affect professional outcomes, and how nursing students react to different situations. Personal values can be shaped by different factors, including culture, gender, and age.

Aims:

To explore personal values held by nursing students, and to verify if and how gender and year of study affect nursing students’ personal values.

Research design:

A multicenter, cross-sectional study was used.

Participants and research context:

The whole population of nursing undergraduate students available at the time was recruited from eight centers of two Universities, composing a sample of 947 students. Demographic data were collected and it was administered the Portrait Values Questionnaire.

Ethical considerations:

Ethical approval was obtained from the Institutional Review Boards of the University of the participating centers.

Findings:

The study sample was mainly composed of young (92.6%, n = 877), female (77.3%, n = 732), Italian (95.8%, n = 907), and unmarried (98.6%, n = 934) nursing students. The most important value for nursing students, consistently through the years of nursing school, was Self-transcendence, which has the motivational emphasis on helping others and selflessness. Then, we found that male students had higher levels of Power (p < 0.001) and Achievement (p = 0.031), while female students outscored male students in Benevolence (p = 0.005) and Security (p = 0.006). Year of study showed no statistically significant difference.

Discussion:

Nursing students express high levels in hetero-directed values. Male nursing students, although they choose a stereotypically feminine profession, outscored females in stereotypical masculine values such as dominance and success. This is the first study that describes the personal value profile of undergraduate nursing students, according to the Theory of Basic Human Values, and it is a starting point for future research.

Conclusion:

Nursing educators might want to consider the findings from this study while guiding students in developing awareness for their personal values.
Empowering Leadership, Commitment to Managers and Company and Employee Proactivity: A Study of National Accreditation Board for Hospitals and Healthcare Accredited Hospitals
Authors: Singh Abhishek , Rangnekar Santosh
Published: May 2020

The purpose of this article was to explore the relationship between empowering leadership and employee proactivity with commitment to manager and company as mediator in Indian National Accreditation Board for Hospitals and Healthcare (NABH) accredited hospitals. The authors used SPSS Process macro (medication model) in order to examine the proposed hypothesis with collected data through structured questionnaire from 252 frontline employees of Indian NABH accredited hospitals. The results of data analysis support mediating role of commitment to managers and company between empowering leadership and employee proactivity. The finding of this study significantly contributes to theory and offers important implications for hospital managers and administrators.
The regulation of crypto-assets in the EU – investment and payment tokens under the radar
Authors: Ferrari Valeria
Published: May 2020

Based on the guidelines issued by the European Securities and Market Authority and by the European Banking Authority, the article deals with the legal qualification of blockchain-based crypto-assets under EU law. Focusing on crypto-assets that function as a) investment instruments (that is, investment tokens) and as b) electronic money (that is, payment tokens), the work outlines shortages and drawbacks in the applicability and enforcement of existing EU legal frameworks regulating investment activities and payment services. With such analysis, the article seeks to inform the ongoing debate within European institutions on the need of regulatory intervention in this area, and it points out pressing questions to be tackled by further research.
The Changing Role of Social Capital During the Venture Creation Process: A Multilevel Study
Authors: Kleinhempel Johannes , Beugelsdijk Sjoerd , Klasing Mariko J.
Published: May 2020

We assess how social capital relates to individuals’ initial interest in becoming an entrepreneur, formally setting up a venture, and subsequent survival of the venture. Conceptualizing and measuring entrepreneurship as a sequential process inferred from cross-sectional data for 22,878 individuals living in 110 regions across 22 European countries, we find that regional social capital is relevant for formally setting up a venture, but it is not associated with initial interest, nor with venture survival after establishment. By assuming variability and not uniformity in how social capital relates to entrepreneurship, we gain a better understanding of the contextual determinants of the venture creation process.
Magnetorheological elastomer peristaltic pump capable of flow and viscosity control
Authors: Wu Chenjun , Fan Xinpeng , Zhang Qingxu , Wang Wei , Song Yihu , Zheng Qiang
Published: May 2020

In this article, a magnetorheological elastomer peristaltic pump capable of bidirectionally conveying Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids with precise net pumped volume and required viscosity patterns of fluids is presented and numerically investigated. The basic element is very succinct, which is composed of only a magnetorheological elastomer tube and an electromagnet. Two basic elements in series constitute a magnetorheological elastomer peristaltic pump. The maximum pumped volume can be achieved using maximum lag between voltage parameters gap1 and gap2. The Nelder–Mead optimization method is applied to realize the precise control of the net pumped volume during a steady working cycle. For a certain net pumped volume, the viscosity of fluids can also be adjusted through the modulation of the driving voltage parameters obtained from the Nelder–Mead optimization method.
Effect of pork quality and salt replacer KCl on technological and sensorial characteristics of restructured cooked hams
Authors: Neves Mariana P , de Oliveira Paula Marielle M , Fontes Paulo R , do Nascimento Benevenuto Wellingta CA , Silva Vanessa RO , Benevenuto Júnior Augusto A , Ramos Eduardo M
Published: May 2020

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of replacing sodium chloride (NaCl) by 40% of potassium chloride (KCl), combined to the use of different proportions (0, 50, and 100%) of pale, soft, and exudative meat, on the technological and sensorial characteristics of restructured cooked hams. NaCl replacement and pale, soft, and exudative proportion did not change ( P > 0.05) the products’ chemical composition, water losses, pH, and color. The ham texture profile was not affected by pale, soft, and exudative meat, but the chewiness reduced ( P < 0.05) with NaCl replacement. Pale, soft, and exudative meat reduced ( P < 0.05) the ham sliceability from 94 to 88%, regardless of the proportion used. NaCl replacement did not affect the perceived saltiness and the products’ acceptability, but pale, soft, and exudative products were more accepted, and consumers noticed a higher salty taste. It was concluded that reducing the sodium content by partially replacing NaCl with KCl is feasible even in restructured cooked hams made with high proportions of pale, soft, and exudative meat.
The role of the imagination in transnational relating: The case of Nigerian children and their migrant parent in Ireland
Authors: Veale Angela , Andres Camilla
Published: May 2020

This paper explores the role of imagination in the lives of Nigerian transnational children and their migrant parent in Ireland. Migration of a parent is a rupture in a child’s life that triggers imaginary processes that are real in their developmental consequences. Following Zittoun and Gillespie, imagination is a process that generates a disjunction from the person’s experience of the “real” world, and uncouples and loops out before it eventually comes back to the actual experience. For the left-behind child, this imaginative loop remains “open” as parents return becomes extended in time. The dilemmas for the migrant parent and child are explored.
Right populist parties and support for strong leaders
Authors: Donovan Todd
Published: May 2020

This article tests if radical right populist (RRP) parties draw support from voters with non-mainstream, illiberal attitudes. This follows from assumptions that these parties have rhetorical, stylistic and practical critiques of liberal democracy that appeal to people with politically authoritarian attitudes. I use Module 5 Comparative Study of Electoral Systems data and Wave 7 World Values Survey data to test how authoritarian attitudes, in particular, approval of strong, unchecked leaders, may be associated with support for RRP parties. Of 12 unique cases where RRP parties received at least 5% support in a recent election, in most cases preferences for strong, unchecked leaders differentiated RRP party supporters from supporters of other parties generally, and from supporters of centre-right parties. In some cases, negative views of democracy, and acceptance of army rule, also characterized RRP supporters. Most cases have evidence consistent with the hypotheses, with the strongest evidence from supporters of Austria’s FPÖ and Germany’s AfD.
When team play matters: Building revenue management in tourism destinations
Authors: Kuokkanen Henri , Bouchon Frederic
Published: May 2020

Competition between tourism destinations is intensifying, and collaboration between stakeholders can increase destination appeal. Until now, such collaboration has limited itself to governance and marketing. To advance an earlier proposal of destination revenue management (RM), we develop a conceptual framework of instigators and limiters to such cooperation between tourism operators. Next, we synthesize the framework with behavioral game theory (BGT), an extension of classical game theory that challenges the utility maximization-based outcomes of the classical version. BGT incorporates additional aspects, such as reciprocity and fairness, into bargaining and cooperation and supports the feasibility of forming a RM alliance. Based on BGT findings, our synthesis provides theoretical and practical insights into how destinations can improve their competitiveness through cooperation in two important RM areas, pricing and demand creation.
Early Career Researchers’ Experiences of Post-Maternity and Parental Leave Provision in UK Politics and International Studies Departments: A Heads of Department and Early Career Researcher Survey
Authors: Akram Sadiya , Pflaeger Young Zoe
Published: May 2020

Supporting increasing equality and diversity in the recruitment and retention of Early Career Researchers from the widest pool of talent available is high on the agenda of universities and policy makers. Notwithstanding this, the demanding nature of academic careers has a disproportionate effect on Early Career Researchers, who may face indirect obstacles in their career development particularly following a period of maternity or parental leave. Our research seeks to expose the nexus of challenges, from job insecurity to the pressures of raising new families that Early Career Researchers face during this critical juncture in their career trajectory. Focusing on Politics and International Studies Departments in the United Kingdom, we document the institutional mechanisms that exist to support Early Career Researchers returning from maternity and parental leave through a Heads of Department and an Early Career Researcher survey to gain an understanding of needs and the impact of institutional measures. Adopting a feminist institutionalist analysis, we map gendered outcomes in the university, through formal and informal rules, which mitigate against those Early Career Researchers taking maternity and parental leave. We end by identifying specific measures which would help to ensure that the university is more supportive of Early Career Researchers taking maternity and parental leave.
Robotic Mitral Valve Repair Through Nonresectional Posterior Leaflet Remodeling
Authors: Agnino Alfonso , Anselmi Amedeo
Published: May 2020

The nonresectional posterior leaflet remodeling technique through free margin running suture (FMRS) has been recently introduced for the management of complex degenerative lesions of the posterior mitral leaflet. It aims at providing a novel tool in the mitral surgeon’s armamentarium to improve the reproducibility and durability of repair, namely in cases characterized by more severe degenerative disease (Barlow and extensive fibroelastic deficiency lesions). Although FMRS can be performed through any surgical access, its features render it particularly adapted to minimally invasive mitral surgery. We describe for the first time the characteristics of FMRS in the context of robotic-assisted mitral repair. A stepwise approach is employed for presentation. The diffusion of robotic-assisted mitral repair has been limited by both economic and reproducibility issues; we hypothesize that FMRS may be helpful in improving the reproducibility of minimally invasive and robotic-assisted mitral surgery. We also discuss the initial clinical results of FMRS.