bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Planning, Configuration and Usefulness of Microseismic
Monitoring on Eastern-Europe Platform –
Example from East Pomerania
Authors: Kmiec Mateusz , Antoszkiewicz Michał , Szewczuk Paweł , Szkodo Marek , Jankowski Robert
Published: September 2017

The microseismic monitoring is a method of monitoring of fracture propagation during hydraulic fracturing process.
The method uses array of geophones to localize micro tremors induced by liquid pumped underground at high rate and
pressure. The acquired information helps to optimize fracturing process and prevents fracture growth to aquifer levels. It was
proved to be useful on several unconventional hydrocarbon reservoirs in the USA. Conducted investigation was aimed at
evaluation of the possibility of using the technology on Polish unconventional reservoirs. In order to stand better chances of
success the analysis of several variants of monitoring was made. East Pomerania geological structure was compared to similar
structures in the USA. With this knowledge, financially feasible configuration was selected. The array of geophones was
dispatched around the drilling site and data acquisition was performed. The present paper is mainly focus on geological
structure, hardware selection, damping factor and noise level analysis. The usefulness of used receiver configuration is also
assessed.
Three-phase Interstellar Medium in Galaxies Resolving Evolution with Star Formation and Supernova Feedback (TIGRESS): Algorithms, Fiducial Model, and Convergence
Authors: Kim Chang-Goo , Ostriker Eve C.
Published: September 2017

We introduce TIGRESS, a novel framework for multi-physics numerical simulations of the star-forming interstellar medium (ISM) implemented in the Athena MHD code. The algorithms of TIGRESS are designed to spatially and temporally resolve key physical features, including: (1) the gravitational collapse and ongoing accretion of gas that leads to star formation in clusters; (2) the explosions of supernovae (SNe), both near their progenitor birth sites and from runaway OB stars, with time delays relative to star formation determined by population synthesis; (3) explicit evolution of SN remnants prior to the onset of cooling, which leads to the creation of the hot ISM; (4) photoelectric heating of the warm and cold phases of the ISM that tracks the time-dependent ambient FUV field from the young cluster population; (5) large-scale galactic differential rotation, which leads to epicyclic motion and shears out overdense structures, limiting large-scale gravitational collapse; (6) accurate evolution of magnetic fields, which can be important for vertical support of the ISM disk as well as angular momentum transport. We present tests of the newly implemented physics modules, and demonstrate application of TIGRESS in a fiducial model representing the solar neighborhood environment. We use a resolution study to demonstrate convergence and evaluate the minimum resolution

Δ
x

required to correctly recover several ISM properties, including the star formation rate, wind mass-loss rate, disk scale height, turbulent and Alfvénic velocity dispersions, and volume fractions of warm and hot phases. For the solar neighborhood model, all these ISM properties are converged at

Δ
x
≤
8

pc

.
A Review of Violence Risk Assessment for the General Clinician
Authors: Chapman Mark
Published: September 2017

Violence risk assessment is an integral part of mental health evaluations. Components of violence risk assessment include defining the risk assessment question, considering base rate data, considering risk and protective factors in the population, and identifying risk factors specific to the person being evaluated. The methods and instruments used to assess risk vary based on structure, validity, and availability. Threat assessment, which is an idiographic or case-driven approach, is an emerging area of study separate from violence risk assessment. Clinical situations also arise in which clinicians do not have specific tools or validated methods to assess violence risk; in these types of cases, a fact-based inquiry should be considered.[Psychiatr Ann. 2017;47(9):449–453.]
Une mobilisation de travailleurs contre le machinisme : la Tunisie ottomane entre industrialisation et colonisation
Authors: Lafi Nora
Published: September 2017

La province ottomane de Tunisie est marquée, entre les années 1850 et son intégration dans le domaine colonial français dans les années 1880, par l’irruption d’enjeux nouveaux, directement issus d’une configuration internationale en profonde mutation, et qui remettent en question non seulement sa place dans l’empire et en Méditerranée mais aussi un certain nombre d’équilibres internes. Cet article se propose d’analyser la relation entre développement économique, géopolitique et enjeux locaux au cours des dernières décennies de l’appartenance ottomane de la province de Tunis à partir de l’étude d’un conflit emblématique : celui lié au sort des ouvriers et artisans des fabriques de chéchias (couvre-chef aussi appelé fez) protestant contre la concurrence, vue comme déloyale, imposée par les puissances européennes, et contre l’industrialisation matérialisée par la mécanisation de la production. Ces conditions nouvelles de fonctionnement d’un marché soumis à la domination croissante de l’étranger et d’une production locale déstabilisée suscitent de nombreuses protestations. L’idée est, par un croisement des échelles, de lire non seulement l’impact d’une nouvelle forme de globalité sur les équilibres locaux, mais aussi les vecteurs d’une nouvelle forme d’ingérence étrangère. Entrent également en jeu dans ces conflits les modalités de négociation du rapport réformé existant entre l’empire ottoman et la province tunisienne face à la menace de plus en plus prégnante de la domination étrangère et, bientôt, de la colonisation. En s’intéressant à la voix des acteurs locaux les plus modestes s’exprimant pour dénoncer la détérioration de leurs conditions d’existence, et en même temps au contexte local et international, le but est ici de lire la manière dont se croisent échelles et enjeux, destins individuels et visées plus larges dans les grandes mutations historiques.
La charité et la réussite commerciale comme vecteurs d’asymétrie et d’inégalités : les impensés du développement du Soudan islamiste durant la première république
Authors: Chevrillon-Guibert Raphaëlle
Published: September 2017

L’expérience islamiste soudanaise est loin d’avoir mis un terme à l’histoire conflictuelle du pays et ce malgré l’indépendance du Sud en juillet 2011. Pourtant, une meilleur intégration des régions, hormis le Sud, faisait partie des objectifs affichés des Islamistes à leur arrivée aux commandes de l’État en 1989. Cette contribution interroge cet apparent paradoxe en explorant l’expérience de développement menée par les islamistes durant leur première république (1989-2011) à partir de l’étude de certaines pratiques sociales qu’ils ont activement encouragées : celles de l’évergétisme et de la philanthropie sociale. Elle s’appuie sur une analyse des pratiques de bienfaisance des grands commerçants du principal marché de la capitale soudanaise. L’origine régionale, et plus particulièrement darfourienne, de la plupart de ces grands commerçants permet de comparer ce que produisent ces pratiques selon les territoires. Elle montre que cet encouragement, qui ne s’inscrit pas dans un schéma spécifique pensé par les islamistes, conduit à des formes variées de développement en fonction des contextes locaux et humains dans lesquels vivent les acteurs, mais aussi en fonction des conceptions particulières qu’ils se font de leur rôle dans les cercles auxquels ils appartiennent. Elle souligne alors combien ces variations produisent des résultats extrêmement disparates et souvent conflictuels qui poursuivent in fine la formation asymétrique de l’État soudanais dans la continuité de sa trajectoire historique productrice d’injustices et source de conflits.
Community perceptions of mental illness in rural Uganda: An analysis of existing challenges facing the Bwindi Mental Health Programme
Authors: Shah Arya , Wheeler Lydia , Sessions Kristen , Kuule Yusufu , Agaba Edwin , Merry Stephen P.
Published: September 2017

Objectives: To assess community perceptions of mental illness in the Bwindi Community Hospital (BCH) catchment area: to recognise beliefs about the causes and the treatments for mental illness. To provide community data to staff at BCH as they work to develop more effective community mental health programmes.Background: A shortage of mental health providers in Uganda has prompted research into community-based task-sharing models for the provision of mental health services in underserved communities.Methods: Six focus group discussions, with a total of 54 community members (50% male, n = 27; mean age + s.d. [39.9 + 10.9 years]) from the BCH catchment area, were conducted to assess community member and stakeholder perceptions of mental illness and belief in the feasibility of community-based programming. Qualitative study of data through thematic analysis was conducted to assess the presence of commonly occurring perceptions.Results: Qualitative thematic analysis revealed two major themes: (1) belief that any given patient’s metal illness results from either an intrinsic or an extrinsic cause and (2) belief in a need to determine treatment of mental illness based on the believed cause.Conclusion: As BCH designs community-based mental health services, our findings provide support for the need for further education of community members and training of community health workers to address and integrate the above-stated beliefs regarding mental illness.
Die positiewe invloed van esteties bevredigende geboue en ŉ goed versorgde skoolterrein op die skep van skoolklimaat
Authors: Pretorius Jan P.H. , Combrinck Okkie G.P.
Published: September 2017

The positive influence of aesthetically pleasing buildings and well cared for school grounds on the creation of school climate. In this article the positive effect of beautiful school buildings and well-kept school grounds on a school’s learners, teachers and parents is investigated. The methodology and theoretical foundation of Appreciative Inquiry were used to ask learners, educators and parents of Oranje Girls School in Bloemfontein, South Africa, about their experience of the influence the school’s beautiful buildings and terrain exert on the education presented there. Six appreciative questions were put to the respondents. Four themes were identified from the participants’ responses: the aesthetics of gardens and buildings; the influence of the history of the school; maintenance and buildings that tell something; and the influence of the buildings and grounds on education and interaction between learners, educators and parents. The themes and responses are embedded into, and compared to existing literature about the topic to demonstrate their relevance. It is argued that the performance of South African learners can be improved by renovating schools and by beautifying school grounds.In hierdie artikel word die positiewe effek wat mooi skoolgeboue en ’n goed versorgde terrein op ’n skool se leerders, onderwysers en ouers het, ondersoek. Die metodologie en teoretiese grondslag van Waarderende Ondersoek is gebruik om leerders, onderwysers en ouers van Oranje Meisieskool in Bloemfontein uit te vra oor die invloed wat die skool se mooi terrein en geboue op hulle belewenis van die skool en die onderrig daar het. Ses waarderende vrae is aan respondente gestel. Vier temas is uit die deelnemers se response geïdentifiseer: die estetika van tuine en geboue; die invloed van die geskiedenis van die skool; onderhoud en geboue wat iets vertel; en die invloed van die geboue en terrein op onderrig en interaksie tussen leerders, leerkragte en ouers. Die temas en response word ingebed en vergelyk met bestaande literatuur oor die onderwerp om hulle geldigheid aan te toon. Daar word geargumenteer dat SuidAfrikaanse leerders se prestasies merkbaar verbeter kan word deur skole op te knap en skoolterreine te verfraai.
Triad of infective endocarditis, splenic abscess, and septicemia caused by Brucella melitensis
Authors: Purwar Shashank , Metgud Sharada C. , Karadesai Shankar G. , Nagamoti Mahantesh B. , Darshan Arathi , Tiwari Shreshtha
Published: September 2017

A 40-year-old farmer from the district of North Karnataka who had received treatment for high fever of 8 days duration was admitted with fever, dyspnea, and poor general condition. Ultrasonography and echocardiogram revealed multiple splenic abscesses, vegetation on atrioventricular valve, aortic regurgitation (Grade I–II), and mitral valve regurgitation (Grade II–III), respectively. Brucella melitensis was detected in blood culture, and high titers of IgM and IgG anti-Brucella antibodies were observed in Brucella specific serological tests. The patient developed fulminant septicemia and succumbed due to multi-organ failure.
Simultaneous determination of arginine, citrulline, and asymmetric dimethylarginine in plasma by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography
Authors: Rao P. V. L. N Srinivasa , Bitla Aparna R.
Published: September 2017

BACKGROUND: Arginine, citrulline and asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) are three molecules in the nitric oxide (NO) pathway which provide useful information about vascular endothelial function. ADMA accumulates with patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and inhibits NO synthesis. We describe the modification of a previously established method for the measurement of amino acids analysis for simultaneous detection of arginine, citrulline, and ADMA in plasma and to validate its performance in patients with CKD.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Arginine, citrulline, and ADMA were simultaneously separated by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography by precolumn derivatization with O-phthalaldehyde using the modified method. It was then applied for analysis in thirty patients with CKD and thirty healthy controls so as to cover the entire measuring range, i.e., normal and uremic range.

RESULTS: The method showed a good performance in terms of linearity, precision, and recovery. The detection limit of the assay for ADMA was found to be 0.05 μmol/L at a signal-to-noise ratio of 3:1. The average within run coefficient of variation for ADMA using this method was 4.7% in the normal range and 1.9% in the uremic range, while the average between-day precision in the normal and uremic range was 6.5% and 5.2%, respectively. Patients with CKD were found to have higher concentration of ADMA compared to controls.

CONCLUSION: This method can be useful in assessing the baseline cardiovascular risk in an individual as well as in the follow-up of the patients who are receiving L-arginine, and thus, assess the response to treatment by simultaneous measurement of arginine and ADMA.
Remark on Integral Means of Derivatives of Blaschke Products
Authors: Reijonen Atte
Published: September 2017

If B is the Blachke product with zeros {zn}, then , where

Moreover, it is a well-known fact that, for 0 < p < ∞,

is bounded if and only if Mp(r, ΨB) is bounded. We find a Blaschke product B0 such that Mp(r, ) and Mp(r, ) are not comparable for any < p < ∞. In addition, it is shown that, if 0 < p < ∞, B is a Carleson–Newman Blaschke product and a weight ω satisfies a certain regularity condition, then

where d A(z) is the Lebesgue area measure on the unit disc.
Investigation of antioxidant properties of Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal and influence of physico-chemical properties of soil along the topographic gradients in sub-tropical region of the Indian Himalaya
Authors: R Kundra , Samant S S , Nandi SK , Sharma RK
Published: September 2017

A high value medicinal plant W. somnifera L. Indian Ginseng; Ashwagandha investigated for the antioxidant and influence of physico-chemical properties of soil on antioxidant  along the topographical gradients in Kullu Valley, North Western Indian Himalaya. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents in methanol extracts of fruits, leaves, stems and roots were quantified and their antioxidant activities were evaluated using the in-vitro assays such as DPPH, ABTS and FRAP. The study revealed that fruits, leaves, stems and roots of W. somnifera were potent source of natural phenolics and flavonoids and possesses antioxidant activities, which were significantly affected by the changes in altitude (p ≤0.05). Total phenolic and flavonoid contents in different parts of W. somnifera showed significant correlations with soil properties. The study conclude that changes in topographical gradients particularly altitude influenced antioxidant activities of W. somnifera and suggest that antioxidant rich population of a desired medicinal plant should be identified for their conservation management and sustainable utilization in pharmaceutical and food industries.

 
Antiviral activity and Antioxidant role of phenolics from Sophora interrupta Bedd in NDV induced oxidative stress in chickens
Authors: Bhuvaneswar Cherukupalle , Babu Pappithi Ramesh , Ramaiah Chintha Venkata , Sandeep Gandham , Rajendra Wudayagiri
Published: September 2017

The present investigation is taken up to evaluate the antiviral efficacy of phenolics isolated from Sophora interrupta Bedd and their antioxidant role in the brain and lungs of chicken during Newcastle disease virus (NDV) induced oxidative stress. The activity levels of selected antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalyse (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) levels were significantly decreased in brain and lung tissues of  NDV infected animals over controls causing oxidative stress. In addition, histopathological alterations disclosed that lungs of NDV infected chicken were affected severely as evidenced by the alterations in alveolar cell morphology, congestion, necrotic and degenerative changes whereas degeneration of Purkinje cells, neuronal necrosis, degeneration in myelin sheath and compression of cells were observed in the brain of NDV infected chickens. These reduced antioxidant defence mechanisms and histopathological abnormalities were restored to normal when chicken were pre-treated with the phenolics isolated from Sophora interrupta Bedd at the dose of 300 mg/Kg Bw/day for one week. Pre-treatment with the phenolics isolated from the above medicinal plant also caused significant reduction in the titre levels of NDV. These results suggest that pre-treatment with the phenolics isolated from Sophora interrupta Bedd exhibited significant antiviral activity and thus the plant extract may be used as a prophylactic treatment for the prevention of NDV infection in chicken.
The levels, variation characteristics, and sources of atmospheric non-methane hydrocarbon compounds during wintertime in Beijing, China
Authors: Liu Chengtang , Ma Zhuobiao , Mu Yujing , Liu Junfeng , Zhang Chenglong , Zhang Yuanyuan , Liu Pengfei , Zhang Hongxing
Published: September 2017

Abstract. Atmospheric non-methane hydrocarbon compounds (NMHCs) were measured at a sampling site in Beijing city from 15 December 2015 to 14 January 2016 to recognize their pollution levels, variation characteristics, and sources. We quantified 53 NMHCs, and the proportions of alkanes, alkenes, acetylene, and aromatics to the total NMHCs were 49.8–55.8, 21.5–24.7, 13.5–15.9, and 9.3–10.7 %, respectively. The variation trends in the NMHC concentrations were basically identical and exhibited remarkable fluctuation, which was mainly ascribed to the variation in meteorological conditions, especially wind speed. The diurnal variations in NMHCs on clear days exhibited two peaks during the morning and evening rush hours, whereas the rush hours' peaks diminished or even disappeared on the haze days, implying that the relative contribution of the vehicular emissions to atmospheric NMHCs depended on the pollution status. Two evident peaks of the propane ∕ propene ratios appeared in the early morning before sun rise and at noontime on clear days, whereas only one peak occurred in the afternoon during the haze days, which were attributed to the relatively fast reactions of propene with OH, NO3, and O3. Based on the chemical kinetic equations, the daytime OH concentrations were calculated to be in the range of 3. 47 × 105–1. 04 × 106 molecules cm−3 on clear days and 6. 42 × 105–2. 35 × 106 molecules cm−3 on haze days. The nighttime NO3 concentrations were calculated to be in the range of 2. 82 × 109–4. 86 × 109 molecules cm−3 on clear days. The correlation coefficients of typical hydrocarbon pairs (benzene ∕ toluene, o-xylene ∕ m,p-xylene, isopentane ∕ n-pentane, etc.) revealed that vehicular emissions and coal combustion were important sources for atmospheric NMHCs in Beijing during the wintertime. Five major emission sources for atmospheric NMHCs in Beijing during the wintertime were further identified by positive matrix factorization (PMF), including gasoline-related emissions (gasoline exhaust and evaporation), coal combustion, diesel exhaust, acetylene-related emissions, and consumer and household products. Coal combustion (probably domestic coal combustion) was found to make the greatest contribution (29.6–33.4 %) to atmospheric NMHCs during haze days.
A simplified model of precipitation enhancement over a heterogeneous surface
Authors: Cioni Guido , Hohenegger Cathy
Published: September 2017

Abstract. Soil moisture heterogeneities through the triggering of mesoscale circulations influence the onset of convection and subsequent evolution of thunderstorms producing heavy precipitation. However local evaporation also plays a role in determining precipitation amounts. Here we aim at disentangling the effect of advection and evaporation on precipitation over the course of a diurnal cycle by formulating a simple conceptual model. The derivation of the model is inspired from the results of simulations performed with a high-resolution (250 m) Large-Eddy Simulation model over a surface with varying degrees of heterogeneity. Key element of the model is the representation of precipitation as weighted sum of advection and evaporation, each weighted by its own efficiency. The model is then used to isolate the main parameters that control the variations of precipitation over spatially drier patches. It is found that these changes surprisingly do not depend on soil moisture itself but instead purely on parameters that describe the atmospheric initial state. The likelihood for enhanced precipitation over drier soils is discussed based on these parameters. Additional experiments are used to test the validity of the model.
Dispersive semiflows on fiber bundles
Authors: Souza Josiney A. , Tozatti Hélio V. M.
Published: September 2017

This paper studies dispersiveness of semiflows on fiber bundles. The main result says that a right invariant semiflow on a fiber bundle is dispersive on the base space if and only if there is no almost periodic point and the semiflow is dispersive on the total space. A special result states that linear semiflows on vector bundles are not dispersive.
Effect of Seed Priming on Biochemical Changes in Fresh and Aged Seeds of Cucumber
Authors: Pandey Pratima , Bhanuprakash & Umesha K
Published: September 2017

The present investigation was conducted at the laboratory of Seed Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Hessaraghatta, and Bangalore, India during March 2014 to September 2014. The objective of the study was to identify effect of seed priming on biochemical changes in cucumber seeds. This study showed that the enhancement in seed viability and vigor in primed seeds was due to low membrane injury coupled with high enzyme activities (dehydrogenase and amylase). The priming with KH2PO4 and K2HPO4 reduced the electrical conductivity (EC) significantly in seed. With seed priming with KH2PO4 10-3M there was 44 and 45% lower EC values compared to unprimed. This priming with KH2PO4 10-3M and K2HPO410-3M reduced seed leachate values indicating priming initiates the process of repair by stabilizing membrane integrity. priming significantly increased dehydrogenase enzyme in low vigor seeds was noticed. These changes are to the tune of 16 and 21 per cent due to priming with K2HPO410-3M and KH2PO410-3M, respectively in cucumber. Similarly, higher amylase activity was noticed upon priming in low vigor seeds These are to the extent of 2.1, 1.94 folds higher due to priming with K2HPO410-3M and KH2PO410-3M, respectively, in cucumber and 1.4 & 1.4 folds higher due to priming with K2HPO410-3M .Alteration in protein profiles in low vigor seeds compared to high vigor seeds was noticed in the crops. The disappearance of some low molecular weight proteins in low vigor seeds might be the reason for lesser performance of these seeds. Seed priming although not restored all the lost proteins, but induced synthesis of some other proteins which probably might helped in restoration of germination ability and vigor. Esterase Isozyme profiles also showed variation in their number and intensity in less vigor seeds. Primed seeds further exhibited tolerance to abiotic stress condition (high temperature and water stress) as evident from higher germination compared to unprimed. Besides these studies, some advanced studies were initiated in the present investigation to identify changes in proteome profiles and isocitratelyase gene expression in high vigor and low vigor seeds during germination.
A (não) criminalização das migrações e políticas migratórias no Brasil: do Estatuto do Estrangeiro à nova Lei de Migração | Migration policy and migrations’ (non) criminalization in Brazil: from the Foreigners Statute to the new Migration Law
Authors: Martins Amaral Ana Paula , Costa Luiz Rosado
Published: September 2017

Resumo: A partir dos atentados terroristas de 11 de setembro de 2001 e os ataques subsequentes em Madri e Londres, em 2004 e 2005, reforçou-se em escala global o discurso de securitização das políticas migratórias, com o recrudescimento do controle das fronteiras e a criminalização da imigração irregular. Com base nisso, no presente trabalho, analisa-se a convergência entre a política migratória e a política criminal no Brasil, com base no Estatuto do Estrangeiro de 1980 – elaborado em um contexto de securitização das migrações durante o período de Guerra Fria – e nas perspectivas de mudança com a nova lei de migrações, a Lei 13.445/2017. Esta nova lei, ainda em vacatio legis, traz a não criminalização das migrações como princípio da política migratória brasileira.
Palavras-chave: Crimigração. Migração indocumentada. Política migratória. Política criminal.

Abstract: Following the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001 and the subsequent attacks in Madrid and London in 2004 and 2005, the discourse of securitization of migration policies has been strengthened on a global scale, with the resurgence of the control of borders and the criminalization of irregular immigration. Based in this scenario, in this paper, we analyze the convergence between migration policy and criminal policy in Brazil, based in the Foreigners Statute of 1980, elaborated in the Cold War context of securitization of the migrations, and in the new perspectives brought by the new law of migrations, the Law n. 13.445 / 2017. This law, still in vacatio legis, stablishes the non-criminalization of the migrations as a principle of Brazilian migration policy.
Keywords: Brazilian migration policy. Criminal policy. Crimigration. Undocumented migration.
Corporate Social Responsibility Performance & ETF Historical Market Volatility
Authors: Basdekidou Vasiliki A. , Styliadou Artemis A.
Published: September 2017

In investment and trading, different CSR moral ethical firms, categorized in a number of groups, may be suitable for different financial instruments (i.e. USA sector ETFs) and different market volatility situations. For the purpose of this article we first (i) analyze the trading return performance of four CSR categories (in particular: activism, community development, corporate governance, and environment); and then (ii) examine and comment the correlation between the market performance of a number of firms belonging in these four CSR categories and historical ETF market volatility. Finally, we (iii) suggest CSR firms as trading tools according to dominant market volatility. Other CSR categories (like: fair trade & supply chain, green building, philanthropy & corporate contributions, etc.) would be examined in future research by following the introduced by this paper approach. Paper concludes that, in relatively less volatile markets the Environment CSR ethical firms display better results. On the other hand, in strong market volatile situations it is better to trade Community Development CSR and Corporate Governance CSR ethical firms. Finally, the Activism CSR ethical firms are uncorrelated with the market volatility, as well as their performance is poor in all market cases.
Endothelial integrity may be regulated by a specific antigen via an IgE-mediated mechanism
Authors: Gorzelak-Pabis Paulina , Luczak Emilia , Wojdan Katarzyna , Antosik Karolina , Borowiec Maciej , Broncel Marlena , Chalubinski Maciej
Published: September 2017

Background: Human vascular endothelial function and integrity may be regulated by many non-specific factors. However, the potential influence of specific antigens via an IgE-mediated mechanism remains unknown. The aim of the study was to determine the expression of the IgE receptors FcεRI and FcεRII in the human vascular endothelium and to assess their relevance in the IgE-mediated regulation of endothelial integrity.Material/Methods: FcεRI and FcεRII expression in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) was genetically assessed by PCR with respective primers and sequencing. HUVEC were cultured with IL-4, and changes in FcεRI and FcεRII mRNA expression were analyzed by real-time PCR. Changes in the integrity of endothelium pre-treated with anti-BSA-DNP IgE following exposure to the specific BSA-DNP antigen was assessed using the Real-time Cell Electric Impedance Sensing system (RTCA-DP).Results: PCR and sequencing revealed the expression of FcεRI and FcεRII receptors in the human vascular endothelium. IL-4 caused respective 2- and 3-fold increases in FcεRI and FcεRII mRNA expression. Exposure of endothelium pre-treated with anti-BSA-DNP IgE to specific BSA-DNP antigen led to a 20% increase of endothelial integrity (p&lt;0.05) after 24 hours, but only in cells pre-incubated with IL-4.Conclusions: The presence of FcεRI and FcεRII may allow the human vascular endothelium to respond to a specific antigen by increasing its integrity via an IgE-mediated mechanism.
Tolerance of monocytes and macrophages in response to bacterial endotoxin
Authors: Wiśnik Ewelina , Pikus Ewa , Duchnowicz Piotr , Koter-Michalak Maria
Published: September 2017

Monocytes belong to myeloid effector cells, which constitute the first line of defense against pathogens, also called the nonspecific immune system and play an important role in the maintenance of tissue homeostasis. In response to stimulation, monocytes differentiate into macrophages capable of microorganism phagocytosis and secrete factors that play a key role in the regulation of immune responses. However excessive exposure of monocytes/macrophages to the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of Gram negative bacteria leads to the acquisition of immune tolerance by these cells. Such state results from disruption of different biological processes, for example intracellular signaling pathways and is accompanied by a number of disease states (immune, inflammatory or neoplastic conditions). Regulation of monocytes/macrophages activity is controlled by miRNAs, which are involved in the modulation of immune tolerance acquired by these cells. Moreover, the tolerance to endotoxin is conditioned by the posttranscriptional processes and posttranslational epigenetic modifications leading to the impairment of normal immune response for example by alterations in the expression of many genes encoding immune signaling mediators. The aim of this paper is to provide an overview existing knowledge on the modulation of activity of monocytes/macrophages in response to bacterial endotoxin and impaired immune responses.
Cofilin – a protein controlling dynamics of actin filaments
Authors: Ostrowska Zofia , Moraczewska Joanna
Published: September 2017

Cofilins are evolutionary conserved proteins present in all Eukaryotic cells. Their primary function is dynamic reorganization of actin cytoskeleton. Two cofilin isoforms are known: cofilin 1, present in all studied non-muscle cells and in embryonic muscle cells, and cofilin 2, which dominates in mature skeletal and cardiac muscles. Polypeptide chains of both isoforms fold into a structure homological to a conservative ADF (actin depolymerizing factor) domain, which is characteristic of actin depolymerizing factor. In cofilin molecule two actin-binding sites were found. One site binds monomeric and filamentous actin, the second one interacts only with the filament. Binding of cofilin to actin filament causes a change in the orientation of subunits, which results in filament severing. This increases number of ends which can either elongate or shorten the filament, depending on the conditions. Cofilin interactions with monomeric actin decreases availability of polymerization-competent actin subunits. Cofilin activity is controlled by phosphorylation, binding membrane phospholipids, local pH and oxidative stress. Under conditions of oxidative stress oxidation of cysteine residues leads to formation of dimers, which are able to cross-link actin filaments. Stable actin-cofilin rods save cellular ATP, which is not used during active polymerization process. This facilitates faster cell recovery from the stress. The final cellular reaction on the environmental stimuli is a resultant of cofilin activity and activities of other actin-binding proteins, which function either synergistically or antagonistically. Due to the central role in the regulation of actinfilaments dynamics, cofilin is involved in development of cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, congenital myopathies and cardiomyopathies.
The Knowledge Transfer between Tourism Economy and Other Industries
Authors: Berbeka Jadwiga , Głąbiński Zbigniew
Published: September 2017

Purpose. Analysis and assessment of the processes of transferring knowledge from an external environment to tourism economy, as well as within tourism economy itself. Particular attention is paid to the exchange of knowledge between the tourism sector and academic environment. Method. Individual in-depth interviews with experts with at least ten years of experience in the tourism industry. Findings. In the respondents’ opinions, the knowledge transfer in Poland takes place primarily within the tourism economy. The results indicate that it is tacit knowledge that the tourism industry considers to be strategic and which it alternatively seeks. Experts emphasize the weak links between Poland’s tourism sector and the scientific environment, which is also observed in highly developed markets. The key barriers of the knowledge transfer from a scientific environment to tourism economy: the industry’s lack of will for acquiring knowledge, especially the formal type; the inadequate form and time of formal knowledge contribution; the externalization of the academia’s knowledge occurs too late in relation to the needs of tourism economy subjects. The research and conclusion limitations. The qualitative research of an exploratory nature does not allow for generalizations. It is a starting point for explanatory research. Practical implications. Close cooperation of the tourism industry with the academic environment is recommend. Academians should be aware of the sector’s gaps in knowledge, carry out up to date research and applicative results should be transmitted to those interested in an appropriate form and time. The circulation of information should also comprise administration, thus knowledge should be transferred within the triangle: tourism and other sectors, academics, administration. Due to the specificity of the tourism sector, knowledge transfer seems to be most effective at a regional level. Originality. An attempt to elaborate a model of knowledge transfer to the tourism industry and within it at three levels: micro, mezo and macro. Type of paper: An article presenting the theoretical concepts, largely based on English literature, exemplified by the results of in-depth individual interviews.
Articulação entre sistematização de enfermagem e procedimentos operacionais: perspectiva dos enfermeiros dos bancos de leite
Authors: Marchiori Giovanna Rosario Soanno , Alves Valdecyr Herdy , Rodrigues Diego Pereira , Gabriel Adriana Duarte , Santos Marcia Vieira dos , Branco Maria Bertilla Lutterbach Riker
Published: September 2017

Objetivo: compreender as facetas de articulação da Sistematização da Assistência de Enfermagem com as normativas utilizadas pelos enfermeiros do Banco de Leite Humano. Método: estudo descritivo de abordagem qualitativa, realizado de maio a novembro de 2014, nos sete Bancos de Leite do Estado do Espírito Santo, onde foram entrevistadas nove enfermeiras. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de conteúdo na modalidade temática. Resultados: após a análise dos dados, emergiram as categorias: conhecimento dos enfermeiros sobre a Sistematização da Assistência de Enfermagem para sua aplicabilidade; A Sistematização da Assistência de Enfermagem e os procedimentos operacionais padrão em banco de leite humano: uma articulação do processo de enfermagem. Conclusão: verificou-se que há necessidade de se implementar a Sistematização da Assistência de Enfermagem nesse espaço especializado e a necessidade de se elaborar estratégias as quais articulem a Sistematização da Assistência de Enfermagem e Procedimentos Operacionais nos Bancos de Leite Humano.
Walking With Our Sisters : une commémoration artistique pour le féminicide autochtone, en marche vers la décolonisation
Authors: Bruneau Julie
Published: September 2017

En réaction au féminicide autochtone au Canada et à l’inertie du gouvernement canadien, des groupes militants, des associations de familles et de proches des disparues ainsi que des groupes de femmes autochtones lancent régulièrement des actions commémoratives diverses. L’auteure a mené une enquête ethnographique lors de l’installation artistique commémorative Walking With Our Sisters présentée à Ottawa en 2015, projet réalisé par l’artiste métisse Christi Belcourt. Ainsi, l’auteure s’est interrogée sur la valorisation des femmes autochtones et leur prise de pouvoir au travers de ce processus. Elle remet en question la définition du féminisme occidental en prenant en considération les critiques formulées par les féministes autochtones.
The E3 ubiquitin ligase IDOL regulates synaptic ApoER2 levels and is important for plasticity and learning
Authors: Gao Jie , Marosi Mate , Choi Jinkuk , Achiro Jennifer M , Kim Sangmok , Li Sandy , Otis Klara , Martin Kelsey C , Portera-Cailliau Carlos , Tontonoz Peter
Published: September 2017

Neuronal ApoE receptors are linked to learning and memory, but the pathways governing their abundance, and the mechanisms by which they affect the function of neural circuits are incompletely understood. Here we demonstrate that the E3 ubiquitin ligase IDOL determines synaptic ApoER2 protein levels in response to neuronal activation and regulates dendritic spine morphogenesis and plasticity. IDOL-dependent changes in ApoER2 abundance modulate dendritic filopodia initiation and synapse maturation. Loss of IDOL in neurons results in constitutive overexpression of ApoER2 and is associated with impaired activity-dependent structural remodeling of spines and defective LTP in primary neuron cultures and hippocampal slices. IDOL-deficient mice show profound impairment in experience-dependent reorganization of synaptic circuits in the barrel cortex, as well as diminished spatial and associative learning. These results identify control of lipoprotein receptor abundance by IDOL as a post-transcriptional mechanism underlying the structural and functional plasticity of synapses and neural circuits.
Shifting memories
Authors: Ngo Hong-Viet V , Staresina Bernhard P
Published: September 2017

A region of the brain called the putamen has a central role in procedural memory consolidation during sleep.
Ionospheric Gravity Waves Driven by Oceanic Gravity Waves in Resonance: A Modeling Study in Search of Their Spectra
Authors: Yu Yonghui , Hickey Michael P.
Published: September 2017

Ionospheric observations associated with the 2011 Tohoku tsunami have revealed gravity waves having spectral characteristics that depend on their proximity to the epicenter. There is a preponderance of medium‐scale waves in the vicinity of the epicenter, a significant bifurcation into short‐ and long‐period waves over the Hawaiian archipelago, and a narrow and rich spectrum of waves over the West Coast and inland of the United States (U.S.). Guided by these previous observations, we consider wave sources as triads of nonlinearly interacting oceanic gravity waves, whose wave parameters satisfy resonant conditions. These waves are simulated using a 2‐D nonlinear model describing gravity wave propagation in order to explain the observations of tsunamigenic traveling ionospheric disturbances (TIDs) associated with the Tohoku event.
Intelligent Sampling of Hazardous Particle Populations in Resource‐Constrained Environments
Authors: McCollough J. P. , Quinn J. M. , Starks M. J. , Johnston W. R.
Published: September 2017

Sampling of anomaly‐causing space environment drivers is necessary for both real‐time operations and satellite design efforts, and optimizing measurement sampling helps minimize resource demands. Relating these measurements to spacecraft anomalies requires the ability to resolve spatial and temporal variability in the energetic charged particle hazard of interest. Here we describe a method for sampling particle fluxes informed by magnetospheric phenomenology so that, along a given trajectory, the variations from both temporal dynamics and spatial structure are adequately captured while minimizing oversampling. We describe the coordinates, sampling method, and specific regions and parameters employed. We compare resulting sampling cadences with data from spacecraft spanning the regions of interest during a geomagnetically active period, showing that the algorithm retains the gross features necessary to characterize environmental impacts on space systems in diverse orbital regimes while greatly reducing the amount of sampling required. This enables sufficient environmental specification within a resource‐constrained context, such as limited telemetry bandwidth, processing requirements, and timeliness.
Nonlinear Filtering Effects of Reservoirs on Flood Frequency Curves at the Regional Scale
Authors: Wang Wei , Li Hong‐Yi , Leung L. Ruby , Yigzaw Wondmagegn , Zhao Jianshi , Lu Hui , Deng Zhiqun , Demisie Yonas , Blöschl Günter
Published: September 2017

Reservoir operations may alter the characteristics of Flood Frequency Curve (FFC) and challenge the basic assumption of stationarity used in flood frequency analysis. This paper presents a combined data‐modeling analysis of reservoir as a nonlinear filter of runoff routing that alters the FFCs. A dimensionless Reservoir Impact Index (RII), defined as the total upstream reservoir storage capacity normalized by the annual streamflow volume, is used to quantify reservoir regulation effects. Analyses are performed for 388 river stations in the contiguous U.S. using the first two moments of the FFC, mean annual maximum flood (MAF) and coefficient of variations (CV), calculated for the pre and post‐dam periods. It is found that MAF generally decreases with increasing RII but stabilizes when RII exceeds a threshold value, and CV increases with RII until a threshold value beyond which CV decreases with RII. Hence depending on the magnitude of RII, reservoir regulation acts as a filter to increase or reduce the nonlinearity of the natural runoff routing process and alters flood characteristics. The nonlinear relationships of MAF and CV with RII can be captured by three reservoir models with different levels of complexity, suggesting that they emerge from the basic flood control function of reservoirs. However, the threshold RII values in the nonlinear relationships depend on the more detailed reservoir operations and objectives that can only be captured by the more complex reservoir models. Our conceptual model may help improve flood‐risk assessment and mitigation in regulated river systems at the regional scale.
H
alostagnicola
Authors: Ventosa Antonio , Sánchez‐Porro Cristina
Published: September 2017

Ha.lo.stag.ni'co.la. Gr. n.
hals, halos
salt; L. neut. n.
stagnum
a piece of standing water, pond, lake; L. suff. ‐
cola
inhabitant, dweller; N.L. fem. n.
Halostagnicola
a dweller of a saline lake.

Euryarchaeota / Halobacteria / Natrialbales / Natrialbaceae / Halostagnicola

The genus
Halostagnicola
is classified within the family
Natrialbaceae
and the order
Natrialbales
, in the class
Halobacteria
. The cells are pleomorphic and stain Gram‐negative. Colonies are pink pigmented. They are strictly aerobic neutrophilic (optimal growth at pH 6.5–8.0) or alkaliphilic (optimal growth at pH 8.5–10.0) extreme halophiles growing in media containing 1.7–5.1 M NaCl. Polar lipids include phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylglycerol phosphate methyl ester. Glycolipids may be present. Currently, the genus includes four species:
Halostagnicola larsenii
(type species of the genus),
Hst. kamekurae
,
Hst. alkaliphila
,
and
Hst. bangensis
. The strains of these species were isolated from salt lake, soda saline lake, and from commercial solar or rock salt.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 59.8–61.0 (HPLC and
T
m
).

Type species
:
Halostagnicola larsenii
Castillo, Gutiérrez, Kamekura, Xue, Ma, Cowan, Jones, Grant and Ventosa 2006, 1521
VP
.
Biased numerical cognition impairs economic decision‐making in Parkinson's disease
Authors: Arshad Qadeer , Bonsu Angela , Lobo Rhannon , Fluri Anne‐Sophie , Sheriff Rahuman , Bain Peter , Pavese Nicola , Bronstein Adolfo M.
Published: September 2017

Objective

Previous findings suggest a context‐dependent bihemispheric allocation of numerical magnitude. Accordingly, we predicted that lateralized motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease (PD), which reflect hemispheric asymmetries, would induce systematic lateralized biases in numerical cognition and have a subsequent influence on decision‐making.

Methods

In 20 PD patients and matched healthy controls we assessed numerical cognition using a number‐pair bisection and random number generation task. Decision‐making was assessed using both the dictator game and a validated questionnaire.

Results

PD patients with predominant right‐sided motor symptoms exhibited pathological biases toward smaller numerical magnitudes and formulated less favorable prosocial choices during a neuroeconomics task (i.e., dictator game). Conversely, patients with left‐sided motor symptoms exhibited pathological biases toward larger numerical magnitudes and formulated more generous prosocial choices. Our account of context‐dependent hemispheric allocation of numerical magnitude in PD was corroborated by applying our data to a pre‐existing computational model and observing significant concordance. Notably, both numerical biasing and impaired decision‐making were correlated with motor asymmetry.

Interpretation

Accordingly, motor asymmetry and functional impairment of cognitive processes in PD can be functionally intertwined. To conclude, our findings demonstrate context‐dependent hemispheric allocation and encoding of numerical magnitude in PD and how biases in numerical magnitude allocation in Parkinsonian patients can correspondingly impair economic decision‐making.