bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An unusual case report on necrotising fascitis following episiotomy
Authors: Mathews Deepa , Rajaraman Vaishnavi
Published: September 2024

Necrotizing fasciitis is a rare but serious condition with high morbidity and mortality. It is identified by extensive fascial necrosis with relative sparing of the skin and adjacent muscle. Herein, we report a case of 35-year-old, para 2 living 2, who underwent normal vaginal delivery with dextrolateral episiotomy, and was discharged on post-natal day-4 asymptomatic. She was referred to our centre, on post-natal day 9 with excruciating pain and abnormal discharge from episiotomy site, after initiation of broad-spectrum antibiotics. Upon arrival, routine thorough clinical examination done revealed extensive sloughing of tissue at the episiotomy site. Laboratory work up were done, along with which infective markers were also sent. After routine pre-op work up, patient was taken up for emergency surgical debridement. Multi-staged debridement was done during the subsequent days, until healthy granulation tissue was seen. Pus and wound culture were sent, and culture sensitive antibiotics were continued. Post-operatively, patient was continued on antibiotics, sitz bath given and regular wound dressing done for next 5 weeks. She was discharged on post-op day 34. On 12 months follow up, patient was completely asymptomatic, examination revealed a completely healed vulva with minimal disfigurement.
Endometrioid carcinoma arising from the remnant ovarian tissue
Authors: Paulose Manjuraj Kuzhiyamattathil , Parambil Noushiba Valiya , Kutty Sathiamma Puthuvilayil , Salahuddin Sameer , Khalam Muneer Abdul , Jacob Sheela
Published: September 2024

Endometrioid carcinoma of ovary is a subtype of epithelial tumours of the ovary. It can be distinguished from serous and mucinous tumours by presence of tubular glands resembling that of malignant endometrium. Traditionally, Ovarian carcinoma treatment involves the combination of cytoreductive surgery and platinum-based chemotherapy. Fortunately, because of a better overall understanding of ovarian tumorigenesis and advancements in the disease’s epigenetic and molecular profiling, a paradigm shift has emerged with the identification of new disease biomarkers and the proposal of targeted therapeutic approaches to postpone disease recurrence and decrease side effects, while increasing patients’ survival. It is usually associated with poor prognosis due to late clinical presentation allied with the common acquisition of chemo resistance and a high rate of tumour recurrence. The chemotherapy backbone for patients with high-grade advanced epithelial ovarian cancer (HG-AOC) is carboplatin and paclitaxel followed by a maintenance therapy either with bevacizumab, with a PARP inhibitor, or with a combination of both, which is defined by the presence of a Homologous Recombination Deficiency (HRD) and by the BRCA1/2 status (This case showed a negative HRD and BRCA1/BRCA2 mutation status). Hence effective screening, accurate diagnosis and personalised multidisciplinary treatments are crucial for improving patient’s survival and quality of life. We report a case of endometrioid carcinoma of ovary arising from the remnant ovarian tissue in a 53year old women who underwent TAH+BSO done 12 years back for a benign cause and aims to summarize molecular studies involved in endometroid ovarian carcinoma pathogenesis as potential therapeutic targets.
A rare case of giant endometrioma-with ultrasound features mimicking malignancy
Authors: Bhatia Ruby , Shah Pooja , Goel Rishu , Tewari Vidushi , Malik Sanjum
Published: September 2024

Ovarian endometriomas are common in women of reproductive age but rarely exceed 6 cm in diameter. Ovarian endometrioma exceeding 10 cm in dimension are referred as giant endometrioma. They are rare and pose a major diagnostic dilemma to the clinicians. We present a rare case of ovarian endometrioma of 18.7 cm in largest diameter, with internal septations, with a solid component, with low grade neovascularization on ultrasonography having RMI I score of 294 suggesting risk of malignancy, and IOTA simple rules suggesting the mass as inconclusive in nature, and the diagnosis of a benign mass was made on frozen section and confirmed as endometrioma on postoperative histopathologic examination. The challenges in making diagnosis of a huge ovarian endometrioma are highlighted and various literature on giant ovarian endometrioma are reviewed.
Myxoid leiomyosarcoma-decoding the puzzle in the Pandora’s box-pre to post operative
Authors: Janani Ponn M. , Natarajan Usha , Veerappan Venkatachalam , Tirukurungudi Nambi Anirudhan
Published: September 2024

Myxoid leiomyosarcomas (MLMS) are a rare form of uterine cancer developed from the smooth muscles of the uterus. It is a very aggressive tumour and usually presents as abdomino pelvic mass. This is a case report of a 47-year-old parous, perimenopausal lady with huge abdominopelvic mass mimicking ovarian cancer preoperatively, but postoperatively turned out to be MLMS. It was a tumor of size 40×30×9 cm, weighing 12 kg. Histopathological examination revealed myometrial neoplasm composed of atypical spindle to stellate cells disposed as loose sheets within an abundant myxoid stroma. Immunohistochemically, SMA and Ki-67 were positive, which clinched the diagnosis. Postoperatively, chemotherapy was decided for the patient, and she is presently doing well after a year of surgery.
Contribution of various factors to male infertility: a prospective review
Authors: Bansal Amrit Kaur
Published: September 2024

Infertility is becoming a serious problem among present generation. It causes emotional instability and mental stress in affected couples. In half of the analysed cases, male factor infertility is the major contributor. Despite numerous efforts by researchers to identify various causes of male infertility, about 70 % causes remain unknown. This is due to lack of understanding of mechanisms involved in male infertility. The present review focuses on the abnormalities in male reproductive structures and contribution of endocrinological, immunological and developmental factors to male factor infertility.
Fundamentals of prenatal care: a comprehensive guide to essential visits, screenings, and key guidelines for a healthy pregnancy
Authors: Amin Fiza , Ahmad Tali Tavseef , Amin Huda , Ara Rifat
Published: September 2024

Prenatal care is essential for a healthy pregnancy and the best outcomes for both the mother and the baby. This page provides a thorough review of the key prenatal checkups, screenings, and guidelines that are required for effective prenatal care. It describes the standard schedule of prenatal visits, including the essential assessments and evaluations performed at each visit. The page also discusses several screenings and diagnostic tests that are widely used to monitor fetal development and mother health, such as blood tests, ultrasounds, and genetic screenings. Furthermore, it discusses standard guidelines and best practices for sustaining a healthy pregnancy, including nutrition, exercise, and lifestyle changes. This review is a great resource for healthcare practitioners and expectant parents, as it synthesizes current guidelines and recommendations.
Pensando o lugar e o não lugar sob a perspectiva das vivências trans: corpos abjetos que (não) significam em uma sociedade multicultural
Authors: Fraga Lucimary leiria , Lucas Doglas Cesar , Lago Ivann Carlos
Published: September 2024

Partindo do pressuposto de analisar o lugar destinado aos corpos Trans na sociedade, preliminarmente, importa observar a sociedade e suas modificações no que se refere às identidades, bem como, a maneira como, ao longo do tempo, estas são estigmatizadas quando confrontam padrões historicamente estabelecidos como “normais” para viver socialmente. Com isso, muito embora as identidades se construam na e pela sociedade, é igualmente nela que são postas à prova, o que vai em desencontro de um ideal de respeito à diversidade. Nesta seara de análise social e identitária, atenta-se para o segmento Trans, o qual se vê à margem de uma sociedade excludente, restando como questionamento: qual é o lugar dos corpos Trans? Seria o lugar ou o não lugar? Ou ainda, restaria apenas a margem social para tais vivências? No intuito de responder a esta problemática, este ensaio se dá por análise indutiva e procedimento bibliográfico, buscando, portanto, contribuir academicamente, diante da necessidade de se debater a temática Trans, a fim de se vislumbrar o respeito ao diferente, bem como, fomentar a visibilidade das identidades divergentes.
Removal of eriochrome black T from aqueous solution using coffee husk as bioadsorbent
Authors: Almeida Amancio Nathan , E Colpa Poliana Coste , Guardabaxo Cíntia Moda Salatino , Silva Carla Beatriz , Da Silva Leandro Gustavo
Published: September 2024

The eriochrome black T dye belongs to the azo dye class and is often used as an indicator in complexometric titrations and as a fiber dye in industrial processes. It constitutes a direct threat to human health and the environment due to its toxic and carcinogenic nature. Separating this dye from wastewater is essential before its release into water bodies. In this work, the adsorption capacity of eriochrome black T in aqueous solution conferred on the chemically modified or unmodified coffee husk fibers was evaluated. Adsorption experiments were performed in triplicate and batch. The results obtained were adjusted and presented as adsorption isotherms using the Langmuir-Freundlich model. The mass value of adsorbed dye was 483.9 mg ± 17.35 mg and 547.2 mg ± 22.98 mg of eriochrome black T per gram of unmodified and chemically modified coffee husk, respectively, indicating great potential of coffee husk as an adsorbent for the removal of anionic azo dyes in aqueous  solution.
Identification of 677C>T Polymorphism of LRP1 Gene by PCR-RFLP Method
Authors: Jusić Amela , Avdić Aldijana , Hadžiavdić Vesna , Junuzović Inela , Kurtčehajić Dženita
Published: September 2024

The 677 C>T (rs1799986) polymorphism is located at position 677 in exon 3 of the LRP1 gene. The aim of this study was to determine the allele and genotype frequencies of the polymorphism in Bosnian population. The study included 100 unrelated healthy individuals. Genotyping of 677 C>T polymorphism of the LRP1 gene was performed with PCR-RFLP method. The most frequent allele was the C allele (91%), while the T allele was represented by 9%. These results suggested that presence of the 677 C>T polymorphism of the LRP1 gene in our population should be a base for further case-control association or
population genetics studies.
Los determinantes del voto desde la dinámica local: el voto por MORENA en las elecciones municipales de la Zona Metropolitana del Valle de México 2015-2021
Authors: Jiménez Maldonado Georgina Jocelyn , Elvira Torres Diego Enrique
Published: September 2024

¿Qué explica la variación territorial del éxito electoral a nivel municipal de MORENA (Movimiento de Regeneración Nacional) entre los municipios de la Zona Metropolitana del Valle de México? Y ¿puede el éxito del partido ‑y su variación local‑ explicarse por factores estructurales en combinación con la dinámica de competencia electoral local? Esta investigación plantea una contribución al flujo causal de la escuela de Columbia, de tal manera que el impacto de los factores socioeconómicos sobre las preferencias electorales (nivel educativo y nivel de ingreso) está moderado por la dinámica local del sistema político de cada municipio (grado de apertura de la competencia electoral local). Se ponen a prueba ambos argumentos en la forma de cuatro hipótesis a partir de un modelo econométrico para datos panel. Los resultados prueban que existe una relación entre las características estructurales del electorado y sus preferencias por MORENA.
Determinanty obrotu bezgotówkowego w krajach Unii Europejskiej na przykładzie kart płatniczych
Authors: Grzelczak Marlena
Published: September 2024

Badania poświęcone czynnikom determinującym płatności bezgotówkowe stanowią ważne zagadnienie z punktu widzenia finansów. Upowszechnienie obrotu bezgotówkowego przynosi korzyści uczestnikom systemu płatniczego, w tym konsumentom i przedsiębiorcom, a w ostatecznym rozrachunku całej gospodarce.
Ze względu na korzyści płynące z istnienia obrotu bezgotówkowego, ważne było rozpoznanie czynników determinujących obrót bezgotówkowy. W monografii za cel główny przyjęto identyfikację i ocenę wpływu kluczowych czynników na obrót bezgotówkowy z wykorzystaniem kart płatniczych oraz ich empiryczną weryfikację w ujęciu makroskali w latach 2004–2022.
Przeprowadzone badanie empiryczne na poziomie makroskali – za pomocą modelowania ekonometrycznego pozwoliło na zidentyfikowanie istotnych statystycznie, kluczowych zmiennych ekonomicznych i pozaekonomicznych, w tym socjodemograficznych, kulturowych i związanych z infrastrukturą płatniczą w ujęciu makroskali, przy czym część z nich była wspólna dla grupy państw UE-15 i UE-13, co dało podstawę do weryfikacji hipotezy głównej. Znajomość czynników determinujących obrót bezgotówkowy stanowi ważny element kształtowania polityki pieniężnej oraz jest cennym źródłem informacji przy podejmowaniu strategicznych decyzji dotyczących obrotu bezgotówkowego i systemu płatniczego. Informacje te są istotne dla gospodarki, ale także dla interesariuszy rynku płatniczego, którzy potrzebują wiarygodnych danych statystycznych po to, aby mieć możliwość porównania poziomu rozwoju systemu płatniczego z innymi krajami.
Rozpoznanie determinant płatności bezgotówkowych leży w centrum zainteresowania banków centralnych, organizacji płatniczych, banków komercyjnych – wydawców kart płatniczych, agentów rozliczeniowych, akceptantów, instytucji informatycznych wspierających wprowadzanie innowacyjnych rozwiązań w płatnościach.
Autopercepción de habilidades de investigación: estudiantes de psicología en una práctica virtual
Authors: López-Alonso Verónica Elsa , López-Aguilar Xochitl , Torres-Velázquez Laura Evelia , Cortés-Moreno Assol , Guerra-García Jorge
Published: September 2024

Introducción: Investigaciones previas han demostrado deficiencias en la formación de investigadores. Objetivo: Evaluar la percepción de las habilidades de investigación de estudiantes de psicología pertenecientes al Ámbito de Investigación desde las tradiciones Conductual, Cognitivo Conductual e Interconductual y compararla con su nivel de conocimiento sobre el proceso de investigación. Método: Participaron los 82 estudiantes inscritos en la Práctica de Investigación en una primera aplicación y 70 de ellos en la segunda. Se elaboró un cuestionario para autoevaluar la percepción de las habilidades de investigación y conocimientos generales de metodología, estadística y escritura del reporte de investigación. Resultados: La percepción de los estudiantes fue que sus habilidades investigativas mejoraron después de haber cursado una Práctica a distancia. Discusión: Insertar a los estudiantes en grupos de investigación mejoró el desarrollo de estas habilidades, aun en modalidad a distancia. Se discuten algunos de los factores que intervienen y beneficios de situaciones reales como estrategia didáctica.
NOVOS DIREITOS – O DIREITO CIVIL NO FIM DO SÉCULO XX
Authors: Flores Paulo R. Thompson
Published: September 2024

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DEMOCRACIA E REPRESENTAÇÃO POLÍTICA
Authors: Cavalcante Lourival Silva
Published: September 2024

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FRAGMENTO DO TRATADO DAS OBRIGAÇÕES DE POTHIER
Authors: Gonçalves Wilson José , Soto Érica Antônia Bianco de
Published: September 2024

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Emerging roles of small extracellular vesicles in metabolic reprogramming and drug resistance in cancers
Authors: Shi Jingcun , Shen Ying , Zhang Jianjun
Published: September 2024

Studies of carcinogenic metabolism have shown that cancer cells have significant metabolic adaptability and that their metabolic dynamics undergo extensive reprogramming, which is a fundamental feature of cancer. The Warburg effect describes the preference of cancer cells for glycolysis over oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), even under aerobic conditions. However, metabolic reprogramming in cancer cells involves not only glycolysis but also changes in lipid and amino acid metabolism. The mechanisms of these metabolic shifts are critical for the discovery of novel cancer therapeutic targets. Despite advances in the field of oncology, chemotherapy resistance, including multidrug resistance, remains a challenge. Research has revealed a correlation between metabolic reprogramming and anticancer drug resistance, but the underlying complex mechanisms are not fully understood. In addition, small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) may play a role in expanding metabolic reprogramming and promoting the development of drug resistance by mediating intercellular communication. The aim of this review is to assess the metabolic reprogramming processes that intersect with resistance to anticancer therapy, with particular attention given to the changes in glycolysis, lipid metabolism, and amino acid metabolism that accompany this phenomenon. In addition, the role of sEVs in disseminating metabolic reprogramming and promoting the development of drug-resistant phenotypes will be critically evaluated.
The influence of knowledge and religiosity on saving interest in Islamic banks among Ponorogo residents
Authors: Pratopo Gentur , Hasan Irmayanti
Published: September 2024

IntroductionPonorogo is a region in East Java Province, located 200 km southwest of Surabaya bordering Central Java. With a population of 973,269, Ponorogo is predominantly Muslim and known for its numerous Islamic boarding schools. This study examines the influence of knowledge and religiosity on interest in saving in Islamic banks among Ponorogo residents.ObjectivesThe objective of this research is to determine the effect of knowledge and religiosity on the interest in saving at Islamic banks among the people of Ponorogo.MethodThe study employed a quantitative method with a descriptive approach, using primary data obtained through questionnaires distributed to 400 respondents. Statistical analyses were performed to evaluate the data.ResultsThe findings show that both knowledge and religiosity significantly influence interest in saving at Islamic banks, both partially and simultaneously, at a significance level of less than 0.05. The high level of knowledge and religiosity among respondents positively affects their interest in saving in Islamic banks.ImplicationsThese results highlight the importance of enhancing financial literacy and religious awareness to boost the use of Islamic banking services. This study suggests that Islamic banks should focus on educational campaigns to increase public knowledge and leverage religious values to attract more customers.Originality/NoveltyThis study provides insights into the combined effect of knowledge and religiosity on saving behavior, particularly in a region with a strong Islamic cultural background. This study contributes to the understanding of the factors influencing the adoption of Islamic banking services.
Homomorphic polynomial public key with the Barrett transformation for digital signature
Authors: Kuang Randy , Perepechaenko Maria , Sayed Mahmoud , Lou Dafu
Published: September 2024

In their 2022 study, Kuang et al. introduced the multivariable polynomial public key (MPPK) cryptography, which is a quantum-safe public key cryptosystem that leverages the inversion relationship between multiplication and division. MPPK uses multiplication for key pair construction and division for decryption, generating public multivariate polynomials. Kuang and Perepechaenko expanded this into the homomorphic polynomial public key (HPPK) by transforming product polynomials over large hidden rings using homomorphic encryption. Initially designed for key encapsulation mechanism (KEM), HPPK ensures the security of public polynomials over concealed rings through homomorphic encryption. This article extends HPPK for KEM (HPPK KEM) to a digital signature (DS) scheme. To adapt HPPK KEM for DSs, we introduce an extension of the Barrett reduction algorithm which transforms modular multiplications over hidden rings into divisions in the verification equation. This extension nonlinearly embeds the signature into public polynomial coefficients, employing the floor function of large integer divisions. Our proposed scheme addresses forgery attacks observed in previous MPPK DS schemes by leveraging dual hidden rings and the Barrett reduction algorithm. This method provides nonlinear encryption for the HPPK public key, preventing shortcuts other than brute-force searches. Integrating signature elements into public polynomial coefficients adds complexity to forged signature attacks, with the nonlinear Barrett transformation significantly enhancing security. A toy example illustrates the functionality of the HPPK DS scheme, and security analysis indicates it achieves exponential complexity for both private key recovery and forged signature attacks. Future research will benchmark performance and compare it with National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)-standardized algorithms.
A Note on Fermat’s Last Theorem
Authors: Vega Frank
Published: September 2024

Around 1637, Pierre de Fermat famously wrote in the margin of a book that he had a proof for the equation $a^n + b^n = c^n$ having no positive integer solutions for exponents $n$ greater than 2. This statement, now known as Fermat's Last Theorem, remained unproven for centuries, despite the efforts of countless mathematicians. Andrew Wiles' work in 1994 finally provided a rigorous proof of Fermat's Last Theorem. However, Wiles' proof relied on advanced mathematical techniques that were far beyond the scope of Fermat's time, raising questions about whether Fermat could have truly possessed a proof using the methods available to him. Wiles's achievement was widely celebrated, and he was awarded the Abel Prize in 2016 in recognition of his groundbreaking work. The citation for the award described his proof as a "stunning advance" in mathematics. The present work offers a potential solution to Fermat's Last Theorem that may be more aligned with the original approach that Fermat claimed to have used.
Physics at a Crossroads: Weird Concepts or Orthogonal Projections
Authors: Niemz Markolf H.
Published: September 2024

Today’s physics describes nature in “subjective concepts” (concepts of observers), such as spatial, temporal, wave, particle, force, field. There are coordinate-free formulations of special relativity (SR) and general relativity (GR), but there is no absolute time in SR/GR. Thus, there is no “holistic view” (view from all possible perspectives at the same instant in time). I show: Euclidean relativity (ER) provides a holistic view by describing nature in “objective concepts” (concepts that are immanent in all objects). “Pure distance” replaces spatial and temporal distance. “Pure energy” replaces wave and particle. I give one example where “process” replaces force and field. Each object’s proper space d1, d2, d3 and its proper time τ span a Euclidean 4D spacetime (ES), where d1, d2, d3 and d4 = cτ are pure distances. The new invariant is absolute, cosmic time θ. All energy moves through ES at the speed c. An observer’s reality is created by orthogonally projecting ES to his proper space and to his proper time. The two projections are reassembled in SR/GR to form a non-Euclidean spacetime. Information is lost in all projections. Thus, there will always be unsolved mysteries if we ignore ES. Physics now has two options: (1) It rejects ER and continues with weird concepts (cosmic inflation, expanding space, dark energy, non-locality). (2) It accepts ER and solves 15 fundamental mysteries (including time’s arrow and the Hubble constant tension) without these weird concepts. All solutions are purely geometrical. In particular, they require neither forces nor fields.
The Origin of Human Theory-of-Mind
Authors: Bejarano Teresa
Published: September 2024

Is there a qualitative difference between apes’ and human Theory-of-Mind (or ability to estimate others’ mental states)? After opting for the idea that expectations are empty profiles that recognize a particular content when it arrives, I apply the same description to ‘vicarious expectations’ –very probably present in apes. Thus, (empty) vicarious expectations and one’s own (full) contents are distinguished without need of meta-representation. Then, three proposals are made. First, vicarious expectations are enough to support apes’ Theory-of-Mind (including ‘spontaneous altruism’). Second, since vicarious expectations require a profile previously built in the subject that activates them, this subject cannot activate any vicarious expectation of mental states that are intrinsically impossible for him. Third, your mental states that think of me as a distal individual are intrinsically impossible states for me, and therefore, to estimate them, I must estimate your mental contents. This ability (the original nucleus of human Theory-of-Mind) is essential in human lifestyle. It is involved in unpleasant and pleasant self-conscious emotions, which respectively contribute to ‘social order’ and to cultural innovations. More basically, it makes possible the human (prelinguistic or linguistic) communication, since it originally made possible the understanding of others’ mental states as states that are addressed to me, and that are therefore impossible for me.
Characterization of the Rat Osteosarcoma Cell Line UMR-106 by Long Read Technologies Identifies a Large Block of Amplified Genes Associated with Human Disease
Authors: Scott Alan F , Mohr David W , Littrell William A , Babu Reshma , Kokosinski Michelle , Stinnett Victoria L , Madhiwala Janvi , Anderson John , Zou Ying S , Gabrielson Kathleen
Published: September 2024

The rat osteosarcoma cell line UMR-106 is widely used for the study of bone cancer biology. We have characterized UMR-106 with a combination of optical genome mapping (OGM), long-read sequencing (for identification of variants and 5mC methylation), and short-read RNA sequencing for expression. Genome sequence was compared to a Sprague-Dawley control animal, the strain from which UMR-106 was derived, and expression data were compared to a public rat osteoblast dataset. Using the COSMIC database to identify the most affected genes in human osteosarcomas (OS) we found somatic mutations in Tp53 and H3f3a in UMR-106. OGM identified a relatively small number of differences between the cell line and a strain-matched control animal but did detect a ~45 Mb block of amplification that included Myc on chromosome 7 which was confirmed by long-read sequencing. The amplified region showed several blocks of non-contiguous rearranged sequence implying complex rearrangements during their formation and included 14 genes reported as biomarkers in human osteosarcoma, many of which also showed increased transcription. A comparison of 5mC methylation from the nanopore reads of tumor and control identified several genes with distinct differences including the OS marker Cdkn2a. This dataset illustrates the value of long DNA methods for the characterization of cell lines and how inter-species analysis can inform about the genetic nature underlying mutations that underpin specific tumor types. The data should be a valuable resource for investigators studying osteosarcoma, in general, and specifically the UMR-106 model.
Spin(8, C)-Higgs Bundles and the Hitchin Integrable System
Authors: Antón-Sancho Álvaro
Published: September 2024

Let $\mathcal{M}(\Spin(8,\mathbb{C}))$ be the moduli space of $\Spin(8,\mathbb{C})$-Higgs bundles over a compact Riemann surface $X$ of genus $g\geq 2$. The triality automorphism of $\Spin(8,\mathbb{C})$ acts on $\mathcal{M}(\Spin(8,\mathbb{C}))$ and those Higgs bundles that admit a reduction of structure group to $G_2$ are fixed points of this action. This defines a map of moduli spaces of Higgs bundles $\mathcal{M}(G_2)\rightarrow\mathcal{M}(\Spin(8,\mathbb{C}))$. In this work, the action of the triality automorphism is extended to an action on the Hitchin integrable system associated to $\mathcal{M}(\Spin(8,\mathbb{C}))$. In particular, it is checked that the map $\mathcal{M}(G_2)\rightarrow\mathcal{M}(\Spin(8,\mathbb{C}))$ restricts to a map at the level of Prym varieties. Necessary and sufficient conditions are also provided for the Prym varieties associated with the moduli spaces of $G_2$ and $\Spin(8,\mathbb{C})$-Higgs bundles to be disconnected. Finally, some consequences are drawn from the above results in relation to the geometry of the Prym varieties involved.
3D UAV Trajectory Planning Based on Improved Whale Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Yang Yong , Fu Jie yu , Lu Yang Dong , Xiang Hui Hong
Published: September 2024

Trajectory planning determines whether a UAV can successfully complete its mission, and the reasonable planning of UAV trajectory in 3D environment is a complex global optimization problem, which needs to take into account many constraints such as urban environment, mountain terrain, obstacles, no-fly zones, flight boundaries, flight distances, and trajectory change rates. In view of the shortcomings of the whale optimization algorithm in 3D trajectory planning, such as slow convergence speed, low accuracy and easy to fall into the local optimum, this paper increases the diversity of the initial population through the introduction of the reverse learning mechanism, and optimizes the coordination of the global and local search ability by integrating the nonlinear convergence factor and the random number generating mechanism, so as to realize the improved whale optimization algorithm that can cope with the higher degree of freedom and the more complex constraints. The simulation results show that the optimization algorithm has improved the convergence accuracy by 22.1% and reduced the standard deviation by 74.1%, which can effectively deal with the 3D UAV path planning problem.
Investigation on Hydrodynamic Performance and Wall Temperature of Water-cooled Wall in a 1000 MW Boiler under Low-load Conditions
Authors: Chong Peian , Zhu Xiaolei , Li Jianning , Li Xiao , Deng Lei
Published: September 2024

To enhance the peak-shaving capability of the boiler, a mathematical model of hydrodynamic and wall temperature characteristics for the water-cooled wall of a 1000 MW boiler was established. The attributes pertaining to the mass flow distribution, the temperature of the effluent working fluid, pressure drop, and the thermal distribution across the wall surfaces at 30% of the boiler's maximum continuous rating (BMCR) were meticulously computed and subjected to a thorough analytical review. The findings suggest that, under the operation at 30% BMCR load, there is a substantial equilibrium in the flow distribution across the quartet of walls that constitute the water-cooled wall assembly. The maximum mass flow rate deviations in the helical and vertical sections are 1.95% and 3.47%, respectively, showing small flow deviations and reasonable distribution. The temperature deviation in the helical section is 0.3 °C, reflecting the characteristic low thermal deviation in helical tubes. While the temperature deviation at the outlet of the vertical section is higher, it remains within safe limits. The pressure loss across the water-cooled wall system amounts to 0.4 MPa. The peak wall temperature reaches 337.5°C, remaining within the material's permissible safety limits. In-depth performance analysis ensures the safe operating conditions of the water-cooled wall during low load conditions.
Physical Health and Welfare States of Fin (Balaenoptera physalus) and Humpback Whales (Megaptera novangliae) in an Anthropized Environment: Validation of a First Animal-Based Welfare Assessment Protocol for Wild Cetaceans
Authors: Boileau Anik , Blais Jonathan , Van Bressem Marie-Francoise , Hunt Kathleen Ellen , Ahloy-Dallaire Jamie
Published: September 2024

Anthropogenic activities impacting marine environments are internationally recognized as welfare issues for wild cetaceans. This study validates a first evidence-based physical health and welfare assessment protocol for humpback (n=50) and fin whales (n=50) living in a highly anthropized environment. Visual assessments of body condition, skin health, prevalence of injuries and parasite/epibiont loads were performed using a species-specific multi-scale measuring tool. A total of 6403 images were analyzed (fin, n =3152; humpback, n= 3251) and results were validated through reliability and positive discrimination statistical tests. Welfare assessment results showed that 60% of humpback whales were considered in a good physical welfare state compared to only 46% of fin whales. Significant relationships were observed in both species, between environmental parameters, like dissolved oxygen levels, and prevalence of cutaneous lesions like pale skin patch syndrome. Furthermore, animals with injuries due to anthropogenic activities were more likely to be in poorer body condition, suggesting chronic stress affecting health and welfare.
Sensor-Acquired Reachable Workspace (RWS) Correlates with Activities of Daily Living (ADL) Function in Stroke Patients as Measured by Functional Independence Measure (FIM) Self-Care Score
Authors: Chan Vicky , Lee Seungcheol Austin , Lee Jaylen M , Han Jay J
Published: September 2024

Optimal upper extremity motor control and range of motion are necessary to achieve even the basic Activities of Daily Living (ADL) function. Stroke, with resulting hemiparesis, can significantly and negatively impact an individual’s ADL function. Functional Independence Measure (FIM) self-care score can provide assessment of what aspects and to what degree ADL functions are impaired. FIM self-care assessment can also track changes in ADL function during stroke recovery and rehabilitation. Recently, sensor-acquired 3D motion analysis of stroke patients’ upper extremity has shown promise as a potential alternative to assess ADL function. This observational study evaluates whether the sensor-acquired upper extremity reachable workspace (RWS) measure correlates with clinician-evaluated FIM self-care score in stroke patients. Seventeen patients with stroke were enrolled in the study. FIM self-care, NeuroQoL upper extremity, and reachable workspace outcome measures (relative surface area, RSA) were collected upon rehabilitation hospital admission, at discharge, and at 3-month visit. Pearson and Spearman’s rank correlation coefficients as well as multiple linear regression analyses were used to determine the relationships between FIM self-care, NeuroQoL, and reachable workspace RSAs. Moderately strong correlation between total reachable workspace RSA and total FIM self-care score at discharge and at 3-month were noted (r=0.619, r=0.661, p<0.05), and similarly strong correlation was also noted with the upper extremity NeuroQoL total score (r=0.690, r=0.815, p<0.05). Multiple linear regression analyses revealed a change in bilateral total RSA of 0.1 unit from admission to 3-month follow up correlated with respective change in FIM self-care score of 2.011 points (95%CI: 0.663-3.360). Longitudinal improvement in ADL function during stroke rehabilitation and recovery process is correlated with improvement in reachable workspace.
Pollutant Dispersion of Aircraft Exhaust Gas during the Landing and Take-Off Cycle with Improved Gaussian Diffusion Model
Authors: Yang Junli , Li Likun , Zheng Xiaoyu , Liu Hang , Li Fengming , Xiao Yi
Published: September 2024

Evaluating aviation emissions and examining the dispersion properties of contaminants are crucial for understanding atmospheric pollution. To more properly assess the pollutant emissions and dispersion of aircraft during the landing and take-off (LTO) cycle, and to more effectively address air pollution surrounding the airport resulting from flight operations, this study assessed emissions throughout the LTO phase utilizing Quick Access Recorder (QAR) data in conjunction with the first-order approximation method. An improved Gaussian diffusion model for mobile point sources is employed to examine the diffusion characteristics of contaminants. Additionally, CFD calculation outcomes for various exhaust velocities and wind speeds were utilized to validate the trustworthiness of the improved Gaussian model. The discussion also encompasses the influence of diffusion time, wind direction, wind speed, temperature gradient, and particle deposition on the concentration distribution of contaminants. The findings indicated that the Gaussian diffusion model aligned with the results of the CFD calculations. The diffusion distribution of contaminants around airports varies over time and is significantly influenced by atmospheric environmental factors, including wind direction, wind speed, and atmospheric stability.
Association Between Temperature and Sunlight Hours with Daily Steps in School-Aged Children over 35 Weeks: Findings from the E-MOVI Study
Authors: Rodríguez-Gutiérrez Eva , Torres-Costoso Ana , Jiménez-López Estela , Mesas Arthur Eumann , Díaz-Goñi Valentina , Guzmán‐Pavón María José , Beneit Nuria , Martínez-Vizcaíno Vicente
Published: September 2024

Objective: To examine the dose-response relationship between average daily temperature and sunlight hours with daily steps across a 35-week period in school-aged children, and to evaluate whether there were differences by sex.
Methods: We conducted a follow-up study involving 655 children (50.8% girls, mean age 10.45 ± 0.95) from six public primary schools in Cuenca, Spain. We measured daily steps using Xiaomi Mi Band 3 Smart Bracelets from October 2022 to June 2023 (over 35 weeks). We collected daily average temperature from the local weather station in Cuenca and sunlight hours during the same period. We used ANCOVA models and LOESS regression to examine the dose-response relationship between average daily temperature and daily hours of sunlight with daily steps. Additionally, we performed a multiple linear regression model.
Results: Our findings revealed significant variations in daily steps across the 35 weeks. The relationship between environmental factors and daily steps was non-linear, in both girls and boys. The optimal values for higher activity levels were an average temperature of 14°C and 13 hours of sunlight. Furthermore, a 1 ºC increase in temperature was associated with an increase of 74 ± 130 steps/day, while an increase of one hour of sunlight was associated with an increase of 315 ± 237 steps/day. However, sunlight hours may act as a moderating factor.
Conclusion: Our study showed a non-linear association between t average daily temperature and sunlight hours with daily steps over a 35-week period. Additional strategies may be necessary to encourage increased physical activity during periods of extreme temperatures or sunlight exposure.
Potential of Anxiety and Fear in Indonesia’s and Taiwan’s Online News regarding COVID-19 Pandemic: Sentiment Analysis
Authors: Irmayanti Meiselina , Chou Li Fang , Anuar Nur Najla binti Zainal
Published: September 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic has drastically affected global mental health, with news media playing a central role in shaping public emotions. This study examines how anxiety and fear were represented in online news articles from Indonesia and Taiwan, focusing on their potential impact on public health perception during the pandemic. By comparing these two countries, the research aims to identify patterns of emotional tone in media coverage. A sentiment analysis was conducted using LIWC and Seance on a dataset of online news articles published in Indonesia and Taiwan. LIWC was utilized to quantify anxiety-related content, while Seance analyzed fear-related expressions. These tools provided a comprehensive assessment of the emotional tone across both regions. Indonesian news exhibited higher levels of anxiety-related language, especially during periods of escalating COVID-19 cases. In contrast, Taiwanese news maintained a more balanced tone, although fear-related language increased during key pandemic events such as new variants and vaccination rollouts. Both anxiety and fear peaked during times of heightened public health concern. The findings suggest significant emotional differences in media coverage between Indonesia and Taiwan, reflecting distinct public health responses and media strategies. Understanding these emotional patterns can inform more effective health communication during crises.
Exploring the Potential of Salicylic Acid and Arbuscular Mycorrhizae in Boosting the Growth and Flowering Response of Statice (Limonium sinuatum [L.] Mill.)
Authors: Gupta Shriya , Laishram Nomita , Singh Arvinder , Manhas Ritika , Gheware Kedar Mahadev , Chand Gurdev , Pandey Rajesh Kumar
Published: September 2024

In sustainable floriculture, the integration of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and salicylic acid (SA) in the cultivation of statice flowers presents a promising ecofriendly approach to enhancing crop health and productivity. AMF improve nutrient uptake, particularly phosphorus, in plants, leading to stronger growth and abundant flowering while reducing the reliance on chemical fertilizers. Additionally, AMF enhance soil structure and water retention, fostering robust root systems and increasing the plant's resilience to drought and soil-borne pathogens thus improving soil health and minimizing environmental impact. Complementarily, the application of salicylic acid boosts the plant’s innate defense mechanisms, elevating its resistance to diseases, enhancing stress tolerance, helping statice flowers withstand adverse conditions such as drought and salinity, and promotes vigorous root development for better nutrient absorption. Hence, this study evaluates the effect of mycorrhizal inoculation and salicylic acid treatment on ornamental statice (Limonium sinuatum [L.] Mill.) cv. Qis White. The investigation involves two primary factors: mycorrhizal inoculation and salicylic acid concentration. For mycorrhizal inoculation, the study compares the untreated control with treatments including Glomus mossae, Gigaspora margarita, and a mixture of both fungi (applied as basal during transplanting). For salicylic acid, the study assesses the untreated control alongside treatments with Salicylic Acid at 100 mg L-1, 150 mg L-1, and 200 mg L-1 (applied as foliar spray at 45 and 90 days after transplanting) in a factorial RCBD experiment with three replications. Growth, flowering, yield and biomass parameters were assessed in this study. The results indicated that statice plants benefited from mycorrhizal inoculation, particularly with Glomus mosseae, when paired with salicylic acid @ 200 mg L-1. This was further validated by principal component analysis. AMF inoculated plants showed improved growth, and superior flower qualities compared to non-inoculated plants. Additionally, the application of salicylic acid demonstrated positive effects across various parameters. Notably mycorrhization led to a delay of 4 to 9 days in the flowering time of statice. In conclusion, mycorrhizal inoculation and salicylic acid can enhance the growth and flowering attributes of statice by choosing the appropriate mycorrhizal inoculum and optimal salicylic acid concentrations. In the future they can contribute to more sustainable and productive statice cultivation by reducing the need for chemical inputs and supporting overall plant health.
From Single Shot to Structure: End-to-End Network based Deflectometry for Specular Free-Form Surface Reconstruction
Authors: Sepanj M.Hadi , Moradi Saed , Nazemi Amir , Preston Claire , Lee Anthony M. D. , Fieguth Paul
Published: September 2024

Deflectometry is a key component in the precise measurement of specular (mirrored) surfaces, however traditional methods often lack an end-to-end approach that performs 3D reconstruction in a single shot with high accuracy and generalizes across different free-form surfaces. This paper introduces a novel deep neural network (DNN)-based approach for end-to-end 3D reconstruction of free-form specular surfaces using single-shot deflectometry. Our proposed network, VUDNet, innovatively combines discriminative and generative components to accurately interpret orthogonal fringe patterns and generate high-fidelity 3D surface reconstructions. By leveraging a hybrid architecture integrating a Variational Autoencoder (VAE) and a modified U-Net, VUDNet excels in both depth estimation and detail refinement, achieving superior performance in challenging environments. Extensive data simulation using Blender, leading to a dataset which we are making available, ensures robust training and enables the network to generalize across diverse scenarios. Experimental results demonstrate the strong performance of VUDNet, setting a new standard for 3D surface reconstruction. The implementation of VUDNet is available on GitHub at https://github.com/hadious/VUDNet.
Symmetric Reverse $n$-Derivations on Ideals of Semiprime Rings
Authors: Ali Shakir , Y. Hummdi Ali , Rafiquee Naira N. , Varshney Vaishali , Wong KokBin
Published: September 2024

This paper focuses on examining a new type of $n$-additive maps called the symmetric reverse $n$-derivations. As implied by its name, it combines the ideas of $n$-additive maps and reverse derivations, with a $1$-reverse derivation being the ordinary reverse derivation. We explore several findings that expand our knowledge of these maps, particularly their presence in semiprime rings and the way rings respond to specific functional identities involving elements of ideals. Also, we provide examples to help clarify the concept of symmetric reverse $n$-derivations. This study aims to deepen the understanding of these symmetric maps and their properties within mathematical structures.
Reproductive Biology of the Invasive Blue Crab Callinectes sapidus in the Thermaikos Gulf (Northwest Aegean Sea, Eastern Mediterranean): Identifying Key Information for an Effective Population Management Policy
Authors: KEVREKIDIS KOSMAS , KEVREKIDIS THEODOROS , CHINTIROGLOU CHARITON CHARLES , AVRAMOGLOU KYRIAKI , KEISARIS SOFOKLIS , FRYGANIOTIS KOSTAS , APOSTOLOGAMVROU CHRISOULA , Roditi Kyriakoula , Voulgaris Konstantinos , Varkoulis Anastasios , DALMIRA IRENE , Charitonidou Katerina , MALEA VIVIAN , VAFIDIS DIMITRIS
Published: September 2024

The reproductive biology of the invasive blue crab Callinectes sapidus was studied in the Thermaikos Gulf (Northwest Aegean Sea, Eastern Mediterranean). In the two-year survey 5,698 (2,897♂/ 2,801♀) crabs were caught with the use of fyke nets. Total sex ratio (♂/♀) reached equality (1.03:1). The female blue crab exhibited a protracted reproductive period. Mature and ovigerous females exhibit short migratory movements from estuarine and inshore waters, where the population mostly congregates (0-3 m), and move to slightly deeper waters (1-3 m) up to 9 m for spawning. A total of 340 ovigerous females were caught. Their number varied both spatially and temporally; they were observed for a 7-month period (April to October) with a clear peak in July - August and at a 3 m depth gradient corresponding to ≈60% of the total number of ovigerous females caught in both years. Size at first sexual maturity (CW50) was estimated at 113.1 mm CW. Average fecundity was ≈790,000 eggs. Experimental trawling showed that inshore waters (<1 m) in the estuaries serve as nursery areas for juveniles. Defining the spatiotemporal and bathymetrical distribution of ovigerous females in any invaded coastal habitat could be considered key information for the implementation of a management policy for the species.