bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Doubting radiocarbon dating from in-slag charcoal
Authors: Gassmann Guntram , Schäfer Andreas
Published: January 2023

A Roman-Period bloomery smelting site had been excavated in the Lahn valley at Wetzlar-Dalheim in central Germany during 2006–2012. The production unit consisted of a big rectangular workshop pit with 13 slag pit-furnaces, two waste dumps and a small sunken hut. The stratigraphical sequence, along with abundant pottery and small finds, allows the dating of short-lived smelting activity to a time slot around the third quarter of the first century AD. As a first series of radiocarbon measurements from in-slag charcoal samples resulted in a bewildering date range from the Iron Age right back into the Neolithic, a second dating series has been undertaken. This time exclusively charcoal samples taken from the bottom of the furnace pits have been analysed. The resulting dates fit to the archaeologically derived dating. It is clear that the 14C content of the in-slag charcoal samples must have been altered already during the process in antiquity. With none of the analysed dates younger than the archaeologically fixed date of the bloomery production unit, it is obvious that a contamination with fossil carbon must have taken place. The wide and inconsistent date range suggests that fossil carbon has entered the metallurgical system within the furnace in an uncontrollable manner. The observed phenomenon has wide implications for other metallurgical sites with high temperature processes under strongly reducing conditions. Charcoal samples from such sites, especially from inside slags, might be contaminated to an unpredictable degree and produce seemingly older dates. A first review of previously published data series calls for a reconsideration of the reliability of radiocarbon dates from metallurgical slags.
عز الدين القسام سيرته ودوره السياسي في فلسطين حتى 1936
Authors: م. م. سعدي يونس زاير السوداني
Published: January 2023

يعد عز الدين القسام احد ابرز الثوار الفلسطينين في القرن العشرين، فقد استطاع الرجل منذ ولادته في بيئة اسلامية محافظة، ومن ثم دراسته في جامع الازهر ، ان يكون لنفسه طريقا خاصاً لقيادة المقاومة الفلسطينية المسلحة ، وذلك عبر تشكيل منظمات فدائية عدة لتتويج ذلك بثورة عملاقة في عام 1936 التي لازالت صداها في نفوس الثوار الفلسطينين.

     من هذا المنطلق ، ازددت رغبة وحماسة لان اكتب بحثا عن عز الدين القسام ، وقد قسمت البحث الى اربعة مباحث تناول الاول منها ، مولد القسام ونشأته في سوريا ونشاطه فيها ضد القوات الفرنسية ، اما المبحث الثاني فقد سلط الضوء على نشاطه السياسي وجهاده ضد المستعمرين الفرنسيين في سوريا ، في حين ركز المبحث الثالث على القوة السياسية الفلسطينية في تلك المرحلة والاعداد للثورة ، اما المبحث الرابع والاخير ، فقد تناول اعلان الثورة واستشهاد القسام.
فاعلية انموذجي مارزانو ودورة التعلم السباعية في تحصيل مادة التاريخ عند طلاب الصف الخامس الادبي واتجاههم نحو المادة
Authors: م.د محمد ابراهيم علي
Published: January 2023

يهدف البحث الحالي الى معرفة فاعلية انموذجي مارزانو ودورة التعلم السباعية في تحصيل مادة التاريخ عند طلاب الصف الخامس الادبي واتجاههم نحو المادة.

        تكونت عينة البحث من (105)طلاب وتم اختيارها قصديا من اعدادية (الفارابي) التابعة الى المديرية العامة لتربية الكرخ الثانية للعام الدراسي(2014-2015)، وقد وزعوا على ثلاث مجموعات متكافئة بواقع (35) طالبا في المجموعة التجريبية الاولى التي درست على وفق انموذج  مارزانو، اما المجموعة التجريبية الثانية فكانت (36) طالبا ودرست على وفق انموذج  دورة التعلم السباعية، اما المجموعة الثالثة وهي الضابطة فبلغت (34) طالبا ودرست وفق الطريقة التقليدية، اما اداة البحث فكانت اختبارا تحصيليا تالف من(40) فقرة من نوع الاختبار من الموضوعية والمقالية،  تاكد الباحث من صدقه بعد عرضه على مجموعة من الخبراء وحصل على (80%)، وبلغ ثباته(80%) وكافأ الباحث المجموعات الثلاث في عدد من المتغيرات وهي(الذكاء ، المعلومات السابقة، والتحصيل الدراسي للابوين)
أسباب ومظاهر التلوث البصري في بعض مناطق مدينة بغداد - جانب الرصافة
Authors: أ.د. لطيف ماجد ابراهيم المشهداني  , سها فاضل عباس
Published: January 2023

بالنظر لكون الجمال يمثل ضرورة غير مادية يجب أن تتصف بها هيئة البيئة الحضرية من أجل تجنب ظهور التلوث البصري، وما يخلفه من آثار نفسية لدى المدرك والملتقي للمشهد البصري، وبسبب تعدد أسباب التلوث البصري بفعل عدة عوامل مترابطة يؤدي بعضها إلى البعض الآخر منها (اقتصادية، تخطيطية، إدارية، اجتماعية، ثقافية، سياسية، مستجدات العصر، الزيادة السكانية، قلة الوعي البيئي)، ظهر التلوث البصري بأشكاله ومظاهره المختلفة في المدن العراقية عامة، ومدينة بغداد خاصة، هذا التشويه جاء كنتيجة لغياب الرؤيا البصرية المرتبطة بالتخطيط البيئي والمعماري الذي اتسمت به مدينة بغداد في العهد الإسلامي .
مراحل تطور الفكر التاريخي عند المسلمين
Authors: م. د. هيام مرزه نور
Published: January 2023

تكتسب المؤلفات التاريخية العامة اهميتها من مكانة المؤرخين ودورهم في حياة الأمة ومتابعتهم للأحداث والوقائع السياسية والاجتماعية والاقتصادية والثقافية وتسجيل ظواهرها وتطوراتها المختلفة ، وان دراسة تلك المؤلفات تفيد الباحث في معرفة تطور الكتابة التاريخية واساليبها المنهجية عبر المراحل المتعاقبة ابتداء من تطور الوعي لدى الإنسان بحاجته الى استلهام الحكمة والموعظة من الماضين فضلا عن حاجته الى تسخير التاريخ لخدمته .

عندها يكون التاريخ قد بدأ مع التدوين . اما المسلمون فقد عرفوا بعض المفاهيم ذات الدلالة التاريخية من خلال القرآن الكريم مثل عبارات اساطير الاولين ، قصص الاولين ، انباء الرسل ، انباء القرى ، ولقرون الاولى ، الصحف الاولى، التي عبرت بشكل واضح عن احداث الماضين .
Deskripsi Kemampuan Peserta Didik Menyelesaikan Soal HOTS Materi Pecahan Dikaji dengan Kemandirian Belajar Kelas V SD
Authors: Suci Wulan , Kresnadi Hery , Bistari Bistari , Kartono Kartono , Ghasya Dyoty Auliya Vilda
Published: January 2023

The purpose of this study was to describe the ability of students to solve HOTS questions examined by the independence of students in the high, medium and low groups. This research is a qualitative descriptive study. The subjects of this study were 6 students who represented each group's ability to solve problems. Data collection uses HOTS test questions, observation sheets, interviews and documentation. HOTS questions totaling 5 questions were adopted and validated by material experts. The ability of students to solve HOTS questions assessed by learning independence will be described based on the problem solving stage, namely understanding the problem, designing a problem solving strategy, carrying out a calculation plan, and re-evaluating the correctness of the results obtained. The results of the study concluded that students were able to solve HOTS questions of addition and subtraction of fractions with different denominators and were in line with the independent attitude of students' learning, namely having a very good attitude, in which students in the high group showed a tendency to have very good self-confidence, the ability of students the group is solving HOTS questions on addition and subtraction material studied by learning independence in class V. And in line with the attitude of learning independence which is good, in which students in the medium group tend to show a good attitude of independence as well and the ability of low group participants to solve HOTS questions in addition and subtraction material was studied with independent learning for class V. Students were unable to complete HOTS on addition and subtraction material with different denominators because they were unable to fulfill all the ways of solving problems. And in the attitude of self-reliance in learning, students in the low group tend to show that they have an attitude of independence that is sufficient, some even less.
Peningkatan Kemampuan Kognitif Anak melalui Alat Permainan Edukatif Bahan Daur Ulang
Authors: Hardianti Farlina , Muzdalifah Fithrii
Published: January 2023

Learning in Early Childhood Education institutions is learning that applies a learning system through play. All forms of learning in early childhood are mostly done through a game. This is done because this method is more suitable for children who tend to prefer to play. In addition to fun learning, the use of Educational Game Tools (APE) is also a tool that can help the learning process be more enjoyable, because in essence, early childhood learns from real objects. This study aims to improve children's cognitive abilities through recycled material educational tools. This research is a Classroom Action Research (CAR) conducted in group B of Bina Muda Cendekia Kindergarten with 22 children as research subjects. Classroom Action Research (CAR) was carried out in 2 cycles. Data collection techniques in this study used observation and documentation techniques. The results of the study showed that the recycled material educational game tool could improve the cognitive abilities of the children in group B TK Bina Muda Cendekia. In the pre-action stage, the average percentage of achievement for new children reached 45.45%, in the implementation of Cycle I, the percentage achieved was 64.58 and in Cycle II, it was 89.96%.
Strategi Guru Pendidikan Agama Islam dalam Meningkatkan Kemampuan Membaca Al-Quran bagi Peserta Didik di SMK Negeri 1 Batangtoru
Authors: Rhamadan Rizky , Ikhlas Al-
Published: January 2023

This research was conducted to find out how the PAI strategy is to improve students' Al-Quran reading skills, including students' Al-Quran reading skills, teacher strategies, supporting and inhibiting factors for teachers, as well as the results of Al-Quran reading strategies. The method used by researchers in this research is qualitative with a descriptive approach. This research was conducted at SMKN 1 Batangtoru. Data collection techniques used are observation, documentation and interviews. The findings show that students' ability to read the Koran varies for each individual. As for the teacher's strategy, such as getting used to reading the Koran before PAI learning begins, grouping students, and applying reading and listening to the Koran. The methods used, such as the iqro, amma, sas, qiroati, and tahsin methods. While the supporting factors for the teacher's strategy include the role of the principal, the role of parents, the extracurricular recitations, and the high level of motivation of students in participating in learning the Koran and the inhibiting factors for the teacher's strategy include the lack of books on learning the Koran, the lack of time for PAI learning, and lack of learning media facilities. The results obtained by students after receiving Al-Quran learning were gradually increasing.
Pengembangan Buku Suplemen IPS Pendamping Pembelajaran Kelas IV Berbasis Kearifan Lokal Kota Singkawang SDN 15 Singkawang
Authors: Anwar Uray Annisa Nurul Melini , Halidjah Siti , Suparjan Suparjan , Salimi Asmayani , Pranata Rio
Published: January 2023

This study aims to develop social science supplement book products based on local wisdom in Singkawang City for grade IV elementary schools to assist learning activities in the Independent Curriculum. This research and development (RnD) adopted the Borg & Gall model. Data were obtained from 22 fourth-grade students of State Elementary School 15 Singkawang, 1 class teacher, and 3 validators consisting of 1 material, design, and language expert. The data collection method used interviews and questionnaires. The results showed that the development of social science supplement books based on local wisdom in Singkawang City had gone through 7 out of 10 steps. The validity of the developed product obtained very good criteria with an average percentage value of 95% on the material aspect, 95% on the design aspect, and 97.2% on the language aspect. The results of the teacher's response showed very good criteria with an average percentage value of 91.67%. The results of student responses in the first trial showed an average percentage value of 96% with very feasible criteria, and the second trial had an average percentage value of 90.9% with very feasible criteria.
Kesiapan Sekolah terhadap Implementasi Kurikulum Merdeka (Studi Kasus di SMPN 5 Padang Panjang)
Authors: BS Iman Asroa , Susanti Hendra , Fadriati Fadriati
Published: January 2023

This research is based on the existence of an independent curriculum policy proclaimed by the government which gave birth to a new paradigm in the implementation of education in Indonesia. Based on this, research was conducted with the aim of describing the readiness of SMPN 5 Padang Panjang in implementing the independent curriculum. The research question prepared is how the readiness of schools to face an independent curriculum. The research was carried out at SMPN 5 Padang Panjang on 12, 19 and 26 November 2022 by means of observation and interviews with school principals, curriculum representatives, and teacher councils. The research results were analyzed and processed in a narrative and descriptive manner. The results of the study stated that various preparations had been made at SMPN 5 Padang Panjang from various groups. Readiness is carried out not only by schools, but also by school principals, curriculum representatives, PAI teachers and other subject teachers. In general, the readiness of SMPN 5 Padang Panjang is quite mature as evidenced by the ability of SMPN 5 Padang Panjang to implement the independent curriculum at level 2 with the independent category changing.
Pengaruh Gaya Hidup, Literasi Ekonomi, dan Modernitas terhadap Rasionalitas Konsumsi Mahasiswa
Authors: Ulum Bahrul
Published: January 2023

The aims of this study were: 1) to know the impact of modernity on consumption rationality, 2) to ascertain the influence of lifestyle on consumption rationality, 3) to ascertain the impact of economic literacy on consumption rationality; and 4) to know the simultaneous influence of modernity, lifestyle, and economic literacy on the consumption rationality of economics students. Multiple linear regression analysis and correlational research methods were used in this study. Questionnaires on the variables of modernity, lifestyle, and consumption rationality, as well as tests on the variables of economic literacy, were used to collect data for this study. The number of people in this review were 99 economics students and determined by using Daniel and Terrel's recipe to become 58 economics students who eventually became the sample. SPSS 20.0 for Windows was used for multiple linear regression data analysis. The results of the research data analysis reveal the following: Modernity has a positive effect on the rationality of student consumption with a sig value of 0.002 with an effect of 13.3%; The results of the research data analysis reveal the following: Modernity has a positive effect on the rationality of student consumption with a sig value of 0.002 with an effect of 13.3%; and the simultaneous effect of modernity, lifestyle, and economic literacy simultaneously influences the consumption rationality of economics students with a sig value of 0.000, with an influence of 44.6%.
Model Peta Konsep pada Pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam di Politeknik Kesehatan Mataram
Authors: Herlina Lenny
Published: January 2023

Islamic Religious Education at higher education institutions is a Compulsory Curriculum Subject family, generally taken in the first semester of 2 credits or the equivalent of 14 meetings with a duration of 90 to 120 minutes of meeting. The number of meetings and the time required requires a lecturer in Islamic Religious Education to be able to convey learning effectively and efficiently and with a formula that makes it easier for students to absorb and understand learning material more quickly. Descriptive qualitative research through interviews and observations to obtain primary data and documentation to obtain secondary data aims to obtain in-depth information regarding the model applied to learning Islamic Religious Education at the Mataram Health Polytechnic. The results of the study show that the lecturers for the Islamic Religious Education Course choose to use the Concept Map Model in facilitating students to achieve the learning objectives that have been set.
Pemikiran Pendidikan Islam Perspektif Azyumardi Azra dan Relevansinya dengan Pendidikan Perguruan Tinggi
Authors: Musthafa Ali , Bakar M. Yunus Abu
Published: January 2023

Islamic education experiences obstacles in its implementation which is inversely proportional to the quantity of Muslims in Indonesia. To overcome these obstacles, people need to understand what kind of concept of Islamic education should be implemented in Indonesia. Various Islamic education figures have interesting views and thoughts on Islamic education, one of which is Azyumardi Azra. This study uses a qualitative approach which aims to analyze and describe the concept of Islamic education from Azyumardi Azra's perspective and its relevance to higher education. The type of research used is library research or research conducted by taking data from literature sources from previous studies. The research results obtained are: Islamic education is a process of forming individuals based on Islamic teachings that originate from the Al-Quran, As-Sunnah, the words of friends, the benefit of the people or social, traditions or customs of society, and the results of the thoughts of experts Islam or ijtihad. The purpose of Islamic education consists of "intermediate goals" and "final goals". The Islamic education curriculum is oriented towards fostering religious values ​​and mastery of science and technology. The relevance of Islamic educational thought and Azyumardi Azra's praxis can be seen and studied from his various works in developing tertiary institutions, namely: changing IAIN to UIN, developing faculties and study programs, developing infrastructure, changing and developing study and collaboration centers, and increasing welfare. lecturers and employees.
Strategi Flipped Classroom dalam Meningkatkan Kreativitas Belajar Mahasiswa pada Materi Hadits Tarbawi di Era Digitalisasi
Authors: Putri Aisyah Amalia , Rokhimawan Mohamad Agung , Fatoni H. Ahmad , Gunawan Teguh , Fatimah Risa Nalwi
Published: January 2023

Low learning achievement, weak problem-solving skills and lack of motivation to compete in terms of goodness are problems of student learning creativity. The current era of digitalization is providing progress in the world of education. In tarbawi hadith material, students are expected to have competence in the form of being complete and expert in demonstrating the hadith of the prophet on educational theories and issues. The flipped classroom strategy is here to provide a solution to the above phenomenon. The aim of this study is to find out, describe, and analyze the flipped classroom strategy in increasing student learning creativity on tarbawi hadith material in the digitalization era. This study uses qualitative research with a descriptive approach. The data sources include students and lecturers. Data collection techniques using observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis techniques are in the form of critical analysis methods through several stages including; data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The research results reveal that; 1) the flipped classroom strategy improves students' ability to think critically, confidently ask questions with weight, and be innovative in providing answers in learning discussions, classroom step which has reverse learning makes it easier for students to prepare for learning before entering a learning forum that is tailored to student's interests and learning styles, 3) the flipped classroom learning strategy through tarbawi hadith material is able to give enthusiasm to students and the spirit of doing good deeds in the digitalization era.
Manajemen Implementasi Perpaduan Kurikulum Cambridge dan Kurikulum Nasional di SMP Islam Alabidin Surakarta
Authors: Abdulloh Ahmad Bayu , Makruf Imam
Published: January 2023

Increasing public awareness of the importance of education has enriched efforts to find educational models that are more appropriate, effective and futuristic. This study aims to describe and analyze how management integrates the Cambridge curriculum and the national curriculum. What are the advantages and disadvantages of integrating the Cambridge curriculum and the national curriculum. This research uses a qualitative approach, conducted at the Alabidin Islamic Middle School in 2021. The research subject is the deputy principal of the curriculum section. While the research informants were school principals, International Class Program (ICP) teachers and some International Class Program (ICP) students. Data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and documentation. Data validation techniques use data triangulation and method triangulation. Data analysis techniques use interactive analytical models.. The results of this study indicate. Integration of curriculum implementation management with (a) Planning, preparation of Curriculum documents, RPP, Syllabus, framework, SOW (Scheme Of Work), Lesson Plan,. (b) organization includes the selection of human resources who are competent in their fields. (c) the implementation of the integrated curriculum is taken in parallel with the adaptive adoption method. aticve learning. (d) Controlling student learning with evaluation (Mid-Semester Assessment) and (Final Semester Assessment) and (CPT) check progression test and checkpoint for grade 9. The advantage is that students gain global knowledge, the complexity of critical and creative thinking, skill language increases. The weakness is that students still have difficulty understanding what the teacher conveys in English material. environment that is less conducive to English communication in the school.
Pola Komunikasi antara Pengasuh dan Anak Asuh dalam Pembinaan Kedisiplinan Hafalan Al Qur’an di Pondok Zawiyatul Huffazh Kecamatan Air Joman
Authors: Lakum Lakum , Rambe Nurhana , Lestari Mega
Published: January 2023

Children in the Air Joman sub-district attend school in Pondok Zawiyatul Huffazh, a non-formal education institution that teaches subjects based on the Qur'an. This pesantren emphasizes reading and memorizing the Qur'an more than anything else. Discipline in memorizing children's verses of the Qur'an is largely influenced by the communication style of caregivers and children they care for. This study focuses on communication patterns that foster discipline in memorizing the Qur'an between foster children and their caregivers, communication methods that foster discipline in memorizing the Qur'an between foster children and their caregivers, as well as supporting and inhibiting factors. patterns of communication between foster children and caregivers. Researchers used qualitative research methods in this study. where observation, interviews with various informants, and documentation were used to collect data Information collection was carried out through direct perception in the field, as well as direct inclusion with the guardians and principals of Zawiyatul Huffazh's life experiences. In addition, this study refers to Josep A. Devito's theory of communication patterns which states that there are five kinds of communication patterns: circle patterns, chain patterns, wheel patterns, and star patterns. The purpose of this study is to find out more about the communication patterns that exist between foster children in coaching in Air Joman District and their caregivers. Through this study, the findings from interviews and observations can also be examined to find out whether communication patterns have sufficient impact on the practice of memorizing the Qur'an.
Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Student Team Achievement Division (STAD) Untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Matematika Siswa Kelas V UPTD SD Negeri 31 Parepare
Authors: Nurjannah Nurjannah , Zainal Zaid , Asriana Asriana
Published: January 2023

Studi ini menelaah penerapan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe student team achievement division untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa pada materi volume bangun ruang di kelas V UPTD SD Negeri 31 Parepare. Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui proses penerapan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe student team achievement division dalam meningkatkan proses dan hasil belajar matematika pada materi volume bangun ruang. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif dan jenis penelitian adalah penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK). Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah guru dan siswa kelas V UPTD SD Negeri 31 Parepare pada tahun ajaran 2022/2023 yang berjumlah 8 orang siswa terdiri dari 3 orang laki-laki dan 5 orang perempuan. Data diperoleh melalui teknik observasi, tes dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah teknik analisis data kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada siklus I hasil observasi aktivitas guru yaitu 66,7% dengan kategori cukup, dan observasi aktivitas siswa 72,2% dengan kategori cukup. Pada siklus II menunjukkan peningkatan hasil observasi aktivitas guru menjadi 90,4% dengan kategori baik dan observasi aktivitas siswa 94,64% dengan kategori baik. Hasil penelitian terkait dengan hasil belajar, pada siklus I hanya 37,5% siswa yang tuntas dengan rata-rata 67,25. Pada siklus II mengalami peningkatan menjadi 87,5% siswa yang tuntas dengan rata-rata 86,25. Simpulan penelitian ini adalah dengan menerapkan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe student team achievement division dapat meningkatkan proses dan hasil belajar siswa pada materi volume bangun ruang di kelas V UPTD SD Negeri 31 Parepare
ECONOMIC RETURN, YIELD AND HARVEST INDEX OF INTEGRATED NITROGEN IN 85,000 PLANTS Ha-1 ON Zea mays AGRIBUSINESS IN PESAWAR, PAKISTAN
Authors: Ahmad Farhan , Sundari Ristina Siti , Ahmad Junaid , Shafi Muhammad
Published: January 2023

Zea mays is one of staple food for population in the world. The research aimed to determine economic return of integrated nitrogen and plant density. The research was conducted in RCB design having split plot arrangement comprising four replications. Plant density of Azam variety Maize were alloted to main plots (65000, 75000 and 85000 ha-1). Integrated nitrogen were assigned to sub-plots (control, 0% FYM + 100 % Urea, 100 % FYM + 0 % Urea, 50 % FYM + 50 % Urea, 75 % FYM + 25 % Urea and 25 % FYM + 75 % Urea). Data were recorded on plants harvest, harvest index, and benefit-cost ratio. The result showed plant density of 85.000 ha-1 among integrated nitrogen application of 50 % FYM along with 50% urea produced the highest B/C ratio (6.2). It is concluded that 50% FYM + 50% Urea along with plant population of 85000 plants ha-1 enhanced yield. Harvest index 33,4%, yield 4219.44 kgha-1. Total cost 36.961PKR, total income 227.941PKR economic net return 190.980PKR.
Investigating priority service attribute for online travel agencies (OTA) mobile app development using AHP framework
Authors: Wicaksono Tutur , Illes Csaba Bálint
Published: January 2023

This study aims to identify service priority attributes for online travel agency (OTA) mobile application development. A quantitative- descriptive research design was used in this study. Data collection was done through literature review and questionnaire surveys. The respondents in this study were 273 customers of OTA. The results showed that the service attribute with the highest importance was the fulfilment dimension with an average weighting of 4.84 out of 5. In the fulfilment dimension, the service attribute with code F3, which refers to the need for mobile applications to be able to deliver orders as quickly as possible, has the highest weight. In second place is the privacy dimension, with an average importance score of 4.80. In this dimension, service attribute P3, which refers to the ability of mobile applications to protect customers' credit card data, ranks first. In third place is the responsiveness dimension with an average importance value of 4.69. Attributes relating to the customer being able to speak directly to customer service in the event of problems are the attributes with the highest weighting on the responsiveness dimension.
HOMOCYSTEINE AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE – A CURRENT REVIEW
Authors: Gospodarczyk Alicja , Marczewski Kamil , Gospodarczyk Natalia , Widuch Michał , Tkocz Michał , Zalejska-Fiolka Jolanta
Published: January 2023

Cardiovascular diseases remain the leading cause of death worldwide for the past 20 years. Of these, ischemic heart disease has the highest mortality rate. In over 98% of cases it is caused by atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries. Homocysteine is an amino acid, containing a sulfhydryl group, which is formed as a result of the metabolism of the amino acids methionine and cysteine, which is supplied with protein-containing foods. A small amount of it is necessary for the proper functioning of the body, however, an increased concentration in blood plasma, which hyperhomocysteinemia, negatively affects blood vessels leading to the development of atherosclerosis and thrombotic com¬plications. The adverse effect on blood vessels results from various mechanisms, such as: excessive activation of Toll-like 4 receptor, activation N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors, increased production of reactive oxygen species, and impairment of nitric oxide synthesis. Elevated levels of reactive oxygen species are associated with increased expression of proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α (tumor necrosis tumor necrosis factor), MCP-1 and intracellular adhesion molecule-1. Another factor contributing to hyperhomocysteinemia is mutation of the MTHFR gene, which in normal conditions is responsible for maintaining homocysteine levels within the normal range. People with MTHFR mutation are more prone to develop atherosclerosis and the following complications: myocardial infarction, stroke, thrombotic episodes and coronary artery disease. The aim of this paper is to present evidence supporting the role of homocysteine in the development of many cardiovascular diseases.
Desmitificando la protección patrimonial. Sus consecuencias fiscales y penales.
Authors: Escalante Alpaca Gonzalo Alonso
Published: January 2023

Existe la idea generalizada entre los deudores tributarios que, ante la existencia de contingencias tributarias identificadas o no, por parte de la Administración Tributaria, cuyasubsanación no resulta posible o de ser esta posible, es considerada demasiado onerosa.Lo más recomendable es realizar diversas acciones con el objetivo de proteger su patrimonio.Para tales efectos se recurre, entre otras opciones, a la transferencia de activos a favor de terceros. El objetivo ulterior es evitar que el fisco pueda llevar a cabo la cobranza de la deuda tributaria. Este artículo analiza las consecuencias tributarias y penales que se generan como resultado de la protección de patrimonio, dicha práctica tiene que ser desmitificada por los deudores tributarios, ya que no otorga una seguridad absoluta frente a la cobranza de la deuda; y, además, puede significar el inicio de acciones penales en contra de los responsables. Se ha tomado en consideración la normativa tributaria y los comentarios de la doctrina especializada para el análisis, lo que nos ha permitido concluir que, la protección del patrimonio es únicamente relativa en el ámbito fiscal y penal. Esto se debe a que las acciones llevadas a cabo por los deudores tributarios, con el objetivo de evitar el cobro de la deuda, aún podrán ser sometidas al escrutinio del ente administrativo, mientras la facultad de determinación o de cobro no se encuentren prescritas. Asimismo, es posible la imputación de responsabilidad penal en contra de los representantes de las sociedades involucradas en las acciones de protección patrimonial.
educación de la virtud de la amistad en la enseñanza de la ciencia económica
Authors: Flores-Castro Lingán Gonzalo
Published: January 2023

En el presente trabajo se expone la necesidad de la educación de la amistad en el contexto del egoísmo inherente en las facultades relacionadas a las ciencias económicas. Además, presentamos las dificultades de la enseñanza de la amistad, en especial, la necesidad de sistematicidad y operatividad propia de las ciencias prácticas. Se presenta la aproximación filosófica de la amistad en Aristóteles, como supuesto explícito para desarrollar dar ciertos criterios para sistematizar y operativizar la amistad, con un seguimiento a la teoría de la acción humana de Juan Antonio Pérez López. Se concluye  con la obtención de criterios básicos para la génesis, desarrollo y mantenimiento de la amistad, a la evaluación consistente de los planes de acción y el uso de motivación racional por motivos trascendentes. Se sugiere el uso del método del caso para la enseñanza y aplicación de planes consistentes y desarrollo de la racionalidad.
FAKTOR LINGKUNGAN DAN KEJADIAN DEMAM BERDARAH DENGUE (DBD) DAERAH ENDEMIS KECAMATAN GADING CEMPAKA KOTA BENGKULU
Authors: Helfi Nolia  , Erba Kalto
Published: January 2023

Incidence Rate (IR) of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) in Bengkulu Province in 2011 was reported  129.76 per 100,000 population and Case Fatality Rate (CFR)  was reported 1.73%. Data obtained from Bengkulu City Health Services, was showed that DHF cases was  increased since 2008, and in 2011 was reported of 403 cases. The incidence of DHF cases in Gading Cempaka Sub District was 139 in 2011. Epidemiological studies was conducted to  determine the risk factors associated with DHF incidence, Ae.aegypti mosquito resistance to malathion and temephos and distance index of the distribution was conducted in Sub District Gading Cempaka,  Bengkulu city in 2011. The study was conducted in an effort to decide an appropriate vector control method to be applied in the study area. There for determine risk factors of DHF transmission such as dwelling density, indoor illumination , larvae free index (LFI), regular household sanitation or clean-up campaigns (to dry of, cover and bury/the vector habitats cleaning), and  cloth hanging habit the incidence of DHF, the Ae. aegypti mosquito resistance to malathion and temefos and distance index of  DHF cases.
UJI EFEKTIVITAS EKSTRAK DAUN BINAHONG (Anredera Cordifolia) TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN BAKTERI STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS
Authors: Nin Suharti
Published: January 2023

Binahong is one of the plants that can treat various types of diseases, especially infectious diseases. Infectious diseases are the main cause of high morbidity and mortality, especially in developing countries such as Indonesia and the most common is Staphylococcus aureus. Binahong plant (Anredera cordifolia) is a potential medicinal plant that can overcome various types of diseases and has inhibitory power against bacteria. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of binahong leaf extract against the growth of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria by measuring the inhibition zone formed. The materials used are binahong leaf extract and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. This type of research is experimental using disc paper with levels of 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, and 100%. In Muller Hinton media for the growth of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria, the diameter of the inhibition zone formed was measured. The results showed that the highest value of the inhibition zone of the binahong leaf extract was at a concentration of 80% with an inhibitory zone of 9.78 and the lowest was at a concentration of 10% with an inhibitory zone of 8.63. The effectiveness of the best binahong leaf extract in inhibiting the growth of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria is at a concentration of 80%. This indicates that the binahong leaf extract has an antibacterial effect against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria.Abstrak
BEKAM KECANTIKAN (ANALISIS PENGGUNAAN BEKAM PADA PERAWATAN WAJAH DI RUMAH SEHAT RABBANI MEDAN)
Authors: Ice Ratnalela Siregar  , Sri Wahyuni
Published: January 2023

The theme of this research was raised based on the fact that in Medan City there are not many beauty clinics that use Cupping as an alternative to facial treatments, although each pebekam is equipped with a look in the face, but if it is interesting in specialization related to face cupping, there are not many. Done. The objectives of this study are to analyze the use of cupping in handling facial care in terms of health aspects, to analyze the use of cupping in handling facial treatments in terms of Aspects of Islamic Law, to analyze the existence of Rabbani Healthy House in handling facial treatments in Medan City. The results of this study show the use of cupping in handling facial care from the health side seen from the impact of cupping points on the facial area which have properties such as Can clean skin pores, increase collagen production in the skin so that it makes the skin firm and helps reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles, in terms of islamic law, it does not specifically regulate face cupping. in other words, the source of Islamic law related to cupping faces kemabli on the law of origin related to cupping which is added about the importance of maintaining beauty then The existence of The Rababi Healthy House cannot be separated from the patient's response to the services provided. This response concerns observing, believing and making choices. In this aspect, the existence of Rabbani's healthy house in providing face cupping services is very determined by this response.
Reflexões sobre obstáculos epistemológicos no desenvolvimento da cognição matemática na escola
Authors: Pereira Elen Ariane Freitas , Costa Lucélida de Fátima Maia da
Published: January 2023

No campo da educação matemática, há pesquisas que discutem sobre o olhar que as pessoas possuem sobre o ensino de matemática em contexto escolar, expondo o pensamento de que a matemática é difícil de ser compreendida, ou ainda, a vontade de evitá-la. No entanto, acreditamos que o processo da escolarização pode contribuir para a superação de desafios e dificuldades enfrentadas, em relação à aprendizagem de conteúdos da disciplina. Assim, no presente artigo, estabelecemos como objetivo compreender possíveis obstáculos epistemológicos que se apresentam à construção da cognição matemática em contexto escolar. Para tanto, tivemos como aporte teórico a teoria bachelardiana, e realizamos uma pesquisa bibliográfica de artigos científicos no banco de dados da Scielo, delimitando o período de 2011 a 2021. Verificamos que as crianças aprendem as noções e os conteúdos matemáticos em decorrência de processos complexos que implicam uma construção, trilhando o caminho do concreto ao abstrato, na sistematização dos conhecimentos matemáticos.
Casson Hybrid Nanofluid Natural Convection in Trapezoidal Cavity containing a Partially Heated Wall
Authors: Norihan Md Arifin  , Habibis Saleh  , Ishak Hashim  , Fatin Munirah Azizul
Published: January 2023

A computational analysis has been performed for Casson hybrid nanofluid natural convection heat transfer in trapezoidal cavity containing a partially heated at bottom wall, and the incline walls are set to be at the cold temperature while the top wall is supposed to be adiabatic. The hybrid nanoparticles, alumina and copper are dispersed in ethylene glycol and water mixture has been used as a working fluid. The finite element method is used to solve the nondimensional governing partial differentials equations. The numerical results are carried out for different governing parameters such as Casson parameter Rayleigh number and hybrid nanoparticles volume fraction and heated zone length. The influence of these parameters on streamlines, isotherms, velocities and average Nusselt number will be the focus in this study.
Comparison of Prognostic Accuracy of 3 Delirium Prediction Models
Authors: Amerongen Hilde van Nieuw , Stapel Sandra , Spijkstra Jan Jaap , Ouweneel Dagmar , Schenk Jimmy
Published: January 2023

Background

Delirium is a severe complication in critical care patients. Accurate prediction could facilitate determination of which patients are at risk. In the past decade, several delirium prediction models have been developed.

Objectives

To compare the prognostic accuracy of the PRE-DELIRIC, E-PRE-DELIRIC, and Lanzhou models, and to investigate the difference in prognostic accuracy of the PRE-DELIRIC model between patients receiving and patients not receiving mechanical ventilation.

Methods

This retrospective study involved adult patients admitted to the intensive care unit during a 2-year period. Delirium was assessed by using the Confusion Assessment Method for the Intensive Care Unit or any administered dose of haloperidol or quetiapine. Model discrimination was assessed by calculating the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC); values were compared using the DeLong test.

Results

The study enrolled 1353 patients. The AUC values were calculated as 0.716 (95% CI, 0.688–0.745), 0.681 (95% CI, 0.650–0.712), and 0.660 (95% CI, 0.629–0.691) for the PRE-DELIRIC, E-PRE-DELIRIC, and Lanzhou models, respectively. The difference in model discrimination was statistically significant for comparison of the PRE-DELIRIC with the E-PRE-DELIRIC (AUC difference, 0.035; P = .02) and Lanzhou models (AUC difference, 0.056; P < .001). In the PRE-DELIRIC model, the AUC was 0.711 (95% CI, 0.680–0.743) for patients receiving mechanical ventilation and 0.664 (95% CI, 0.586–0.742) for those not receiving it (difference, 0.047; P = .27).

Conclusion

Statistically significant differences in prognostic accuracy were found between delirium prediction models. The PRE-DELIRIC model was the best-performing model and can be used in patients receiving or not receiving mechanical ventilation.
B Lymphocyte Differentiation Induced by Lipopolysaccharide
Authors: Kearney John F. , Cooper Max D. , Lawton Alexander R.
Published: January 2023

Lipopolysaccharide-(LPS) induced differentiation of mouse B lymphocytes to cells synthesizing large amounts of cytoplasmic IgM and IgG2 could be suppressed by antibodies to µ-chains. Maximal inhibition of LPS-induced differentiation was associated with increased cellular proliferation as measured by incorporation of 3H-thymidine, whereas treatment with anti-µ alone over a wide dosage range did not stimulate cellular proliferation. Spleen cells from newborn mice were suppressed by concentrations of anti-µ several hundred-fold lower than required for adult spleen cells; the adult pattern of susceptibility to suppression was acquired by 1 week of age. No significant differences in susceptibility to anti-µ were found in comparisons of adult spleen, lymph node, bone marrow, and Peyer's patch lymphocytes.
Evidence for a T* Intermediate in the Antibody-Complement Mediated Killing of Tumor Cells
Authors: Boyle M. D. P. , Ohanian S. H. , Borsos T.
Published: January 2023

The ascitic form of a chemically induced guinea pig hepatoma cell, line-1, can be killed with antibody and guinea pig complement (GPC). The rate and extent of killing, in the presence of excess complement, is dependent on the concentration of antibody used to sensitize the cells. By using a limiting dilution of antibody, it was possible to demonstrate a temporal difference between the fixation of complement and death of the cell. This suggested that in addition to the fixation of complement there was a further intrinsic transformation step leading to cell lysis and that this step was rate limiting. Experiments were performed to determine if, in this tumor system, an intermediate equivalent to E* in the sheep red cell system was formed.

The postulated T* was prepared by incubating line-1 cells with a limiting dilution of anti-Forssman antibody and GPC for 5 min at 37°C. At this time the cells were washed free of unbound complement.
The Role of Complement in the Production of Sudden Death in Rabbits by Administration of Arachidonic Acid
Authors: Dalmasso A. P. , Reyes P. A.
Published: January 2023

It has been reported that the rapid i.v. injection of a small dose of arachidonic acid (AA) into rabbits caused severe respiratory distress and death within 3 min; this was due to the formation of fibrin-free platelet thrombi in the lung microvasculature (M. J. Silver et al., Science 183:1085, 1974.) We performed similar experiments in normal and C6 deficient rabbits and found that 1.4 mg AA/Kg killed 100% of normals but only 36% of C6D. All animals that died had similar symptomatology of severe respiratory distress and the lung vessels contained many platelet thrombi. Most C6D that survived had no respiratory difficulty, even after repeating the administration of AA within 30 to 60 min. The platelet count (% of preinjection value) 30 sec after the injection of AA was 30% in normals and the C6D that died, and 85% in the C6D that survived.
Hereditary C1r Deficiency: Lack of Linkage to the HL-A Region in Two Families
Authors: Day N. K. , Rubinstein P. , de Bracco M. , Moncada B. , Good R. A. , Hansen J. , Dupont B. , Jersild C.
Published: January 2023

Linkage between MHC (major histocompatibility complex) in man and genes responsible for some C components (C2, C4, Factor B) has been described. In contrast, independent segregation has been established for genetic variants of C3 and C6. We report here linkage studies of two families (CC, MF) with C1r deficiency. The following markers were studied: C1r levels (family CC), HL-A, Factor B and MLC (mixed lymphocyte reactivity). In the family CC, as in family MF, C1r° gene was found to be inherited in a straight-forward Mendelian fashion. Linkage to the HL-A region, suggested by the C1r-deficient homozygote CC which was homozygous for HL-A2,W10, MLC and BfT, was ruled out by the independent segregation of 2,W10;T haplotype from the C1r° gene. MLC studies were consistent with the HL-A and Bf typing. Bf typing enabled the differentiation of two HL-A2,W10 serologically identical HL-A haplotypes, one of which was linked to BfT and the other to BfS.
Separation of Human β1C Antigen from Hemolytic C3 Activity
Authors: Hoffman L. G.
Published: January 2023

After four cycles of gel filtration through a pair of 2.5- × 50-cm columns of agarose-acrylamide gel (LKB “Utrogel” AcA-34), a partially purified preparation of human C3 yielded distinct but overlapping peaks of β1C and hemolytic C3 activity. Each fraction was analyzed for β1C by single radial immunodiffusion against a monospecific anti-β1C/β1A antiserum and for C3 activity by a newly developed steady-state hemolytic assay which produced a linear dose response. The antigen eluted before the hemolytic activity; the separation between peaks was 7 fractions, whereas the width of each peak at half-height was about 15 fractions. Thus, the elution behavior of the two peaks was the opposite of what would be expected if most of the antigen represented a hemolytically inactive fragment of C3. The simplest explanation of these results is that β1C and C3 are distinct but physicochemically similar molecules, as first suggested at the Fourth International Complement Workshop in 1971 by Nelson.
Selective Cleavage of Human C3 by Human Leukocyte Elastase (HLE)
Authors: Hugli T. E. , Taylor J. C. , Crawford I. P.
Published: January 2023

Highly selective cleavage of the human C3 molecule was produced by human leukocyte elastase (HLE). Limited digestion of C3 by HLE at a molar ratio of 20:1, pH 7.4, and room temperature released a low m.w. fragment from the α-chain of C3. This polypeptide has been identified as an analogue of C3a anaphylatoxin based on cross-reactivity with rabbit antihuman C3a. Chemical characterization by acrylamide gel electrophoresis, end group analysis and amino acid analysis identified the polypeptide as residues 1 to 71 of the 77 residue C3a molecule. The fragment of C3 released by HLE does not contract smooth muscle or induce a chemotactic response with rabbit polymorphonuclear leukocytes.

More extensive digestion of C3 by HLE at 37°C produces four distinct fragments of the α-chain without cleavage of the β-chain. These four fragments have been designated α-1, α-2, α-3, and α-4 according to their relative migration in sodium dodecyl sulfate acrylamide gels.