bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Thin-Film Steam Generators of Binary Geothermal Power Plants
Authors: Gogonin Ivan I.
Published: December 2022

BACKGROUND: The cost of electricity generated by a geothermal power plant is twice as low as that of energy sources. However, at present, geothermal power plants mainly use submersible-type apparatus, and the most promising thin-film steam generators have not been sufficiently investigated.
AIM: The purpose of this work is to show the advantages of a thinfilm steam generator in comparison with an immersion type heat exchanger.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The basis for this publication is the experimental research of the author and the analysis of data cited in the literature on heat exchange during the boiling of a film irrigating a bundle of finned pipes.
CONCLUSIONS: The use of thin-film steam generators will significantly reduce the amount of expensive refrigerant in a geothermal power plant circuit. With a cocurrent flow of steam and liquid, the ingress of large drops onto the surface of a superheater tubes is excluded. The use of finned tubes in a bundle with optimal finning parameters ensures a uniform irrigation. The artificial centers of vaporization of the finned tube repeatedly intensify the heat transfer during film boiling, which ultimately leads to a reduction in the weight and dimensions of the superheater.
Influence of the Gelatin Amount on the Indicators of a Defrosted Fermented Milk Dessert Texture
Authors: Gurskiy Igor A. , Tvorogova Antonina A.
Published: December 2022

BACKGROUND: The expansion of the range and improvement of the quality are urgent tasks in the ice cream industry. Fermented milk desserts consumed defrosted and combining the properties of ice cream and fermented products can be considered new products. The selection of stabilizergelling agents and determination of their mass fraction are important stages in the development of the fermented milk dessert technology. Among them, gelatin is the most effective and convenient.
AIM: The object of this study is to examine the effect of the gelatin amount on the structure and texture of defrosted fermented milk desserts.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Samples of desserts with a mass fraction of gelatin from 1,3 to 1,9% are the objects of this study. Rheological research methods for estimating the dynamic viscosity and indicators of consistency were used. The dispersion of the air phase of frozen samples and after storing at the temperature of 42С for 4 hours has been estimated.
RESULTS: The dispersion of the air phase and texture characteristics, such as hardness, adhesiveness, adhesive force, apparent modulus, and recoverable deformation, were examined during the research. The research results show that increasing the gelatin amount did not influence the viscosity but decreased the overrun. Increasing the gelatin amount did not influence the average size of air bubbles after 4 h of storage. The influence of the gelatin amount on the texture indicators of the defrosted dessert was estimated. Adhesiveness and adhesive force with the increase in the gelatin amount by 0.3% were reduced by 16% and 912%, respectively. The obtained results have practical importance in the production and sale of defrosted fermented milk desserts.
Yüksek Din Öğretimi Öğrencilerinde Fakülte Memnuniyeti İle Siber Aylaklık Arasındaki İlişki
Authors: ÇAKMAK Ahmet , UZUNPOLAT Yakup
Published: December 2022

Gündelik hayatta yaygınlaşan internet, eğitim süreçlerinde de etkisini artırmaktadır. Bu durum kimi zaman olumlu davranışlara zemin hazırlarken kimi zaman da istenmeyen davranışlara yol açmaktadır. İstenmeyen davranışlardan biri de siber aylaklıktır. Siber aylaklığın nedenlerinden biri öğrencinin öğrenim gördüğü fakülteden memnun olmamasıdır. Araştırma, yüksek din öğretiminde fakülte memnuiyeti ile siber aylaklık arasındaki ilişkiyi belirlemeyi temel amaç edinmiştir. Araştırma, nicel araştırma yöntemlerinden ilişkisel tarama modeline göre tasarlanmıştır. Uygun örnekleme yöntemi ile seçilen örneklem grubu, Türkiye’de ilahiyat/İslami ilimler fakültelerinde öğrenim gören 1555 öğrenciden oluşmaktadır. Çalışmada üç veri toplama aracı kullanılmış ve toplanan veriler üzerinde t-testi, ANOVA gibi çeşitli istatistikî analizler yapılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda katılımcı öğrencilerin siber aylaklık davranış düzeyleri ‘katılmıyorum’a denk gelmektedir. Katılımcıların siber aylaklık düzeyleri cinsiyete, öğrenim görülen sınıfa, öğrenim türüne, kariyer planlamasına, sosyal medya hesabı olmasına ve fakülteye isteyerek tercih etmesine göre anlamlı bir şekilde farklılaşmaktadır. Öğrencilerin siber aylaklık davranışları ile günlük internet kullanımları ve fakülte memnuniyetleri arasında anlamlı ilişkiler bulunmuştur.
Ahmet Mithat Efendi’nin Dinler Tarihi Kitabı Ve Dersleri Üzerine Bazı Tespitler
Authors: GÜL Ali
Published: December 2022

19. yüzyılın son çeyreğinden itibaren Batı akademisine giren bir bilim dalı olan dinler tarihini benimseme noktasında, Osmanlı eğitim sisteminin geç kaldığı söylenemez. Zira Şemseddin Sami’nin Esatir’i ile dinler tarihi literatürü adına eserler verilmeye başlandığı gibi daha ilk dârülfünundan itibaren dinler tarihi dersleri yüksek öğretim müfredatına girmiştir. Ahmet Mithat Efendi’nin bu serüvende farklı ve önemli bir yeri vardır. O, dârülfünunda okutulan ilk dinler tarihi ders kitabının yazarıdır. Tarih-i Edyan (Tedrisî Tarih-i Edyan) ismini taşıyan bu eserinde A. Mithat, dinî gelenekleri anlatmaya geçmeden önce; dinler tarihi dersinin/biliminin gereği ve önemi, çalışma metotları, faydaları ve kaynakları gibi konuları ele alır. Dönemin revaçta problematiği dinlerin kökeni ve gelişim süreçleri gibi meselelere geniş yer ayırır. Eserinin satır aralarında, devrin evrimci ve pozitivist bakış açısıyla geleneksel görüşleri tevil etme çabası sezilir. A. Mithat, Kur’an’ın bilimle çelişmeyeceğine tam bir itimatla, bilimsel verilere sonuna kadar kapı aralar. Onda, Müslüman zihinleri Batı’nın kimi “tehlikeli” fikirlerinden muhafaza etme ve İslam geleneğinin kimi iddialarını savunma kaygısı da kendini gösterir. Bu onun dinler tarihi anlatımına kelâmi bir ton katar. A. Mithat için dinler tarihi, dünya dinlerini tanıtırken âdeta İslam’ın rüçhaniyetini ortaya koyacak bir bilim dalıdır. Metnin en ilgi çekici ve iddialı yönlerinden biri, dinin kökenini ve insanın tekâmül serüvenini irdelerken Kur’ani hassasiyetleri gözetme çabasıdır. Bu yönüyle eser dinler tarihine yeni açılımlar sağlarken geleneksel yorumlardan gelebilecek eleştirileri göze alır. A. Mithat’ın, eserinde din psikolojisi ve din sosyolojisi adına serdettiği düşünceler de ıskalanmamalıdır. Elinizdeki makale, Tedrisî Tarih-i Edyan çerçevesinde A. Mithat’ın bahsi geçen hususlara dair görüşlerini değerlendirmeyi amaçlamaktadır.
Konya İli Tarım Arazileri için Kapitalizasyon Oranı ve Değer Tespiti
Authors: KARAKAYACI Zuhal
Published: December 2022

Ekonomik faaliyetlerde kullanılan üretim faktörlerinin temel unsuru olan tarım arazileri bir yatırım aracı olmasının yanı sıra kırsal alanda yaşayan nüfusa sosyal bir statü ve güç kazandırmaktadır. Nüfus artışına bağlı olarak tarım arazisine tarım dışı talebin artması da önemini artırmaktadır. Tarım arazisinin değerlemesi çeşitli amaçlar için gerekmekte olup, bilimsel yöntemler çerçevesinde değer tespiti objektiflik kriteri açısından önem arz etmektedir. Çalışma kapsamında, Konya ili 31 ilçesinde kapitalizasyon oranı tespitine yönelik toplam 226 adet satışa konu olmuş parsel ve Gelirlerin Kapitalizasyonu Yöntemine göre arazi değeri tespitine yönelik toplam 900 parsel verisi anket yöntemiyle elde edilmiştir. Konya ilinde yapılan çalışma sonucunda ilçelere göre değişmekle birlikte kapitalizasyon oranı sulu tarım arazisi için %2.40-%6.80 aralığında, kuru tarım arazisi için %3.25-%7.80 aralığında belirlenmiştir. İlçeler itibariyle arazinin Pazar değeri sulu tarım arazisinde 9000 - 57000 ₺ aralığında, kuru tarım arazisinde 2900 - 7400 ₺ aralığında tespit edilmiştir. Arazinin Gelir Yöntemine göre değeri ise sulu tarım arazisinde 8287 – 49704 ₺ aralığında, kuru tarım arazisinde 1258 – 11515 ₺ aralığında saptanmıştır. Tarım arazilerinin değeri bölgenin gelişmişliğine bağlı olarak zamanla değişiklik göstermekte olup, birçok amaç için ihtiyaç duyulan arazi değeri ve kapitalizasyon oranının güncel olması gerekmektedir. Bu bağlamda, Türkiye tarımının en önemli potansiyellerinden biri olan Konya ilinin 31 ilçesinde sulu ve kuru tarım arazileri için ayrı ayrı hesaplanan kapitalizasyon oranları ve arazi değerleri değerleme faaliyetlerine katkı sağlayacaktır.
Ansiedad, estrategias y recursos para el afrontamiento de trabajadores de salud en primera línea COVID-19 del primer nivel de atención, Cajamarca, 2021
Authors:   Universidad Nacional de Cajamarca, Ocaña-Aguilar Nadia G. , Romero-Casanova Milton C. ,   Universidad Nacional de Cajamarca, Ocaña-Aguilar Victor A. ,   Universidad César Vallejo, Ocaña-Gutierrez Víctor R. ,   Universidad César Vallejo
Published: December 2022

La pandemia COVID 19 ocasiona un grave trastorno al sistema de salud en todo el mundo, con gran efecto en la salud mental en los que brindan servicios de salud, siendo una de las manifestaciones la ansiedad; desconociéndose la magnitud de este problema en los trabajadores de salud del primer nivel de atención de Cajamarca, por lo que se realiza un estudio descriptivo transversal con el objetivo de describir la ansiedad, estrategias de afrontamiento y recursos de apoyo que prefieren los trabajadores. A una muestra de 122 trabajadores de salud (IC 95%), se aplica un cuestionario que recoge datos respecto a características de los trabajadores y establecimientos de salud; se administra un test de GAD-7 para cribaje de ansiedad y un cuestionario de estrategias de afrontamiento y recursos de apoyo con escalas valorativas. La prevalencia de síntomas de ansiedad es del 54,1%; correspondienedo a leve (32,8%), moderada y grave (10,7% respectivamente). El 92.6% utiliza por lo menos una o más estrategias de afrontamiento, el 95.9% tiene algún nivel de interés por uno o más recursos de apoyo propuestos; la ansiedad es mas frecuente en los que tienen interés al menos en algún recurso de apoyo e independientemente en 3 de estos (P< 0.05). Concluyéndose que durante la pandemia COVID-19 hay alta prevalencia de ansiedad, uno de cada 5 trabajadores de salud requiere intervención de especialista en salud mental por presentar síntomas de ansiedad moderada y grave, la mayoría utiliza estrategias de afrontamiento y tiene prefeencias por recursos de apoyo propuestos.
Frecuencia de dermatitis atópica y sus características epidemiológicas en niños de 6 a 7 años en el centro urbano del Distrito de Lambayeque-Perú
Authors:   Universidad Nacional Pedro Ruiz Gallo, Poma-Sánchez Dalia , Flores-Ticerán Fernando ,   Universidad Nacional Pedro Ruiz Gallo, Uriarte-Obando Silvia A. ,   Clínica Delgado, Maldonado-Gómez Winston ,   Universidad César Vallejo
Published: December 2022

OBJETIVO: Estimar frecuencia de dermatitis atópica (DA) y sus características epidemiológicas en niños de 6 a 7 años en el centro urbano del Distrito de Lambayeque, en el norte del Perú. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Estudio cuantitativo observacional, descriptivo transversal, en 143 niños de 6 a 7 años en el centro urbano del Distrito de Lambayeque, a través del cuestionario ISAAC para medir la frecuencia de dermatitis atópica y una ficha de recolección de datos para evaluar características epidemiológicas y factores asociados. RESULTADOS: El mayor grupo de la población tuvo 6 años (54,6%). El 15,4% presentó síntomas actuales de DA y sólo el 6,3% tuvo disturbios del sueño alguna vez por semana. En los análisis exploratorios de factores asociados se encontró que el uso de ropa de lana (p=0,036), ropa sintética (p=0,035) y la presencia del perro como mascota (p=0.031) podrían exacerbar el desarrollo de esta enfermedad. CONCLUSIONES: La frecuencia de DA en el centro urbano del Distrito de Lambayeque fue de 15.4% y aquellas variables que tuvieron asociación estadística significativa con la presencia de DA fueron la presencia de mascotas en el hogar (perro), y el uso de ropa de lana y sintética.
Dominios de la función ejecutiva alterados en el trastorno límite de la personalidad: una revisión de la literatura
Authors:   Universidad César Vallejo, Salvatierra-Aguilar Dafne V. , Montes-Iturrizaga Iván ,   Universidad César Vallejo
Published: December 2022

Introducción: El trastorno límite de la personalidad (TLP) es una grave enfermedad mental que se caracteriza por la presencia de patrones clínicos heterogéneos relacionado a emociones inestables, impulsividad y dificultad para relacionarse con los demás. Se ha descrito cierta asociación entre este trastorno y las funciones neuropsicológicas. En este marco, la investigación sobre la función ejecutiva y su relación con la sintomatología clínica presente en los pacientes con TLP es escasa y, por tanto, requerirían estudios más amplios y sistemáticos. Objetivo: Determinar las dimensiones del funcionamiento ejecutivo que se encuentran alteradas en el trastorno límite de la personalidad desde la revisión sistemática de literatura científica. Para ello, se realizó una revisión de artículo indexados en Scopus, PubMed y Scielo, se encontraron 13 estudios que cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión, con un total de 738 participantes. Resultados: El 85% de estos estudios demostró que existe un déficit en ciertos dominios de la FE en personas con TLP en contraste con otros grupos. 23% (n=3) tuvo un nivel adecuado de significancia en relación al déficit en la capacidad de inhibición. Por otro lado, en un 23% (de los estudios) se encontraron puntuaciones bajas en resolución de problemas; y ese mismo porcentaje también se adjudicó la discapacidad en los dominios de planeamiento y toma de decisiones. Conclusiones: El planeamiento, la resolución de problemas y la toma de decisiones son los dominios de la función ejecutiva que se ven mayormente afectados en el TLP. Se encontraron controversias en cuanto al déficit en los dominios de inhibición y flexibilidad, que podrían asociarse a las características de impulsividad y desregulación emocional en el TLP; sin embargo, los estudios no son concluyentes.
Actividad antibiótica del Eucalyptus globulus frente a bacterias Gram positivas: un artículo de revisión
Authors:   Universidad César Vallejo, Zamora-Ramírez Carolain M. , Toro-Huamanchumo Carlos J. ,   Universidad César Vallejo
Published: December 2022

El Eucalyptus spp es una planta ancestral y con mucha historia en el Perú, usada con fines medicinales. El estudio de la actividad antibacterial de Eucalyptus globulus se sustenta en la necesidad de dar alternativas frente al uso de antibacterianos convencionales que, con el transcurso del tiempo, se han visto muchas veces limitadas por los diferentes perfiles de sensibilidad debido a la resistencia antimicrobiana de diferentes patógenos causantes de enfermedades infecciosas bacterianas. Este estudio se genera mediante una búsqueda no sistemática de la literatura, con el objetivo de discutir la evidencia disponible respecto al posible uso de Eucalyptus globulus como agente antibacterial. Se concluye se que ha encontrado información que sugeriría una potencial actividad antibacterial, que es ejercida por el aceite esencial a razón de ser compuesto en un gran porcentaje por eucalipto que se presume es el responsable de esta actividad. Así mismo, es importante considerar los efectos adversos a fin de valorar los métodos de extracción y se pueda mejorar el perfil de seguridad aprovechando las propiedades de la planta.
Secuelas post-COVID en salud mental: una revisión narrativa
Authors:   Universidad César Vallejo, Aguilar-Sigüeñas Leslie E. , Cruz-Vásquez Yulissa K. ,   Universidad César Vallejo, Villarreal-Zegarra David ,   Universidad César Vallejo
Published: December 2022

Introducción: La aparición del COVID-19 y su evolución hasta pandemia mundial trajo consigo consecuencias negativas de forma holística en las personas, que incluye la afectación de la salud mental con una prevalencia de sintomatología ansiosa y depresiva. Objetivo: Nuestro estudio realiza una revisión narrativa de los estudios publicados sobre secuelas post-COVID en salud mental. Método: Se realizó una revisión narrativa utilizando la Búsqueda de literatura en PubMed (01 de enero del 2020 a 15 de mayo del 2021). Se realizó una revisión por título y resumen, y a texto completo, para incluir los artículos al estudio. Resultados y discusión: Un total de 12 estudio ingresaron a nuestra revisión. Los estudios reportaron que alrededor del 50% de los pacientes infectados por la Covid-19 presentaron secuelas mentales, ocupando el primer lugar, la ansiedad, siendo la fóbica un tipo de ansiedad descrita en varios participantes, en segundo lugar, se ubica la depresión y en cierto porcentaje se encontró una prevalencia combinada de estas dos patologías. Además, como factores de riesgo se identificaron la soledad y la desesperanza en los efectos en salud mental, lo cual afecta de manera holística a las personas que están aún en proceso de recuperación, interfiriendo con sus actividades diarias. Conclusiones: Se encontró una alta tendencia de pacientes con ansiedad y depresión post COVID-19, y una combinación de ambos en una gran cantidad de casos. Nuestro estudio permite identificar posibles brechas en el conocimiento que requieren mayor investigación, ya que la literatura aún es limitada en el área de estudios de secuelas post-COVID en salud mental.
Utilidad de Trigonella foenum-graecum en la leche materna como medicina alternativa y complementaria
Authors:   Universidad César Vallejo, Paredes-Padilla Joseph , Castro-Paniagua William G. ,   Universidad César Vallejo
Published: December 2022

El propósito del artículo de revisión bibliográfica se centra en el objetivo principal de analizar información sobre la utilidad de Trigonella foenum-graecum “fenogreco” en la leche materna como medicina alternativa y complementaria. Es un estudio descriptivo no experimental, para lo cual se seleccionó 9 artículos con un tiempo de publicación no mayor a 15 años de antigüedad. Los resultados encontrados para la utilidad de Trigonella foenumgraecum en la leche materna fueron que, aumenta su producción hasta desde un 20 hasta un 100% en volumen, aumenta los niveles de prolactina he incrementa el peso del lactante de las madres que consumen Trigonella foenum-graecum por el lapso de un mes. Se concluyó que Trigonella foenum-graecum si tiene utilidad en la leche materna principalmente aumentando su producción, pudiéndose emplear como parte de la medicina alternativa y complementaria por su uso inocuo en las madres que den de lactar a sus bebés; también aumenta los niveles de prolactina y ayuda a incrementar el peso del lactante.
Design and Analysis of Solar-powered E-bike Charging Stations to Support the Development of Green Campus
Authors: Suripto Slamet , Utomo Gilang Ari Widodo , Purwanto Kunnu , Putra Karisma Trinanda , Mustar Muhammad Yusvin , Rahaman Mosiur
Published: December 2022

Currently, conventional motorcycles that utilize hazardous fossil fuels are expanding rapidly in Indonesia's major cities. Especially in campus environments, the increase in motorcycle usage has the potential to raise emissions of greenhouse gases and toxic microparticles. The green campus concept entails that campus living must implement low-emission energy efficiency, conserve resources, and enhance environmental quality by teaching its residents how to live a healthy lifestyle. However, limiting the number of motorcycles on campus is the main challenge, especially in Indonesia. To overcome this challenge, this study provides a design for the e-bike system that will be implemented at Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta (UMY). In addition, a solar power plant is integrated into the design to support the adoption of the zero-emission green energy concept on the campus. The design accommodates specifications for a 6 km radius surrounding the school, a two-day lifespan, and 100 electric bicycles. The experiment's findings indicate that the solar-powered e-bike design requires 99 solar panels with a capacity of 150 Wp, 9 SSCs with a capacity of 100 A, and three inverters with a capacity of 2,500 W. It is projected that this device will reduce exhaust emissions by 7.62 tons of CO2 per year once it is entirely operated.
Analysis of Students’ Academic Performance using LMS Event Logs
Authors: Shaimov Nikita D. , Lomazova Irina A. , Mitsyuk Alexey A. , Samonenko Ilya Yu.
Published: December 2022

Modern educational process involves the use of electronic educational environments. These are special information systems that are both a means for storing educational materials and a tool for conducting tests, collecting homework, keeping a grade book, and working together. Such environments produce a large amount of data containing the recorded behavior of students and teachers within the educational process. This paper proposes an approach that allows one to analyze such data and discover typical student trajectories that lead to successful or unsuccessful learning outcomes. It is shown how process mining can be used to build models of the educational process based on the available data. We also show how you can evaluate the extent to which the synthesized model reflects the actual behavior of the system recorded in event logs. The paper contains not only a description of the proposed approach, but also a case study with its application to a real data set for an undergraduate educational program. It is clearly shown how, using our approach, it is possible to find out what factors lead to the formation of successful and unsuccessful student trajectories. The bottlenecks of the educational process were identified, as well as errors in the data, indicating the incorrect operation of the system. As a result of the analysis, points of special attention for administrators of the educational program were identified, as well as some signal events, the appearance of which in a student’s individual trajectory can be an alarm. The application of the approach involves the use of free open source software, which further facilitates its deployment in a variety of educational organizations.
A Model for Automated Business Writing Assessment
Authors: Zafievsky Daniil Dmitrievich , Lagutina Nadezhda Stanislavona , Melnikova Oksana Andreyevna , Poletaev Anatoliy Yurievich
Published: December 2022

This study is aimed at building an automated model for business writing assessment, based on 14 rubrics that integrate EFL teacher assessment frameworks and identify expected performance against various criteria (including language, task fulfillment, content knowledge, register, format, and cohesion). We developed algorithms for determining the corresponding numerical features using methods and tools for automatic text analysis. The algorithms are based on a syntactic analysis with the use of dictionaries. The model performance was subsequently evaluated on a corpus of 20 teacher-assessed business letters. Heat maps and UMAP results represent comparison between teachers’ and automated score reports. Results showed no significant discrepancies between teachers’ and automated score reports, yet detected bias in teachers’ reports. Findings suggest that the developed model has proved to be an efficient tool for natural language processing with high interpretability of the results, the roadmap for further improvement and a valid and unbiased alternative to teachers’ assessment. The results may lay the groundwork for developing an automatic students’ language profile. Although the model was specifically designed for business letter assessment, it can be easily adapted for assessing other writing tasks, e.g. by replacing dictionaries.
The Polynomial Algorithm of Finding the Shortest Path in a Divisible Multiple Graph
Authors: Smirnov Alexander Valeryevich
Published: December 2022

In this paper, we study undirected multiple graphs of any natural multiplicity к > 1. There are edges of three types: ordinary edges, multiple edges and multi-edges. Each edge of the last two types is a union of к linked edges, which connect 2 or (к + 1) vertices, correspondingly. The linked edges should be used simultaneously. If a vertex is incident to a multiple edge, it can be also incident to other multiple edges and it can be the common end of к linked edges of some multi-edge. If a vertex is the common end of some multi-edge, it cannot be the common end of another multi-edge. Divisible multiple graphs are characterized by a possibility to divide the graph into к parts, which are adjusted on the linked edges and which have no common edges. Each part is an ordinary graph. As for an ordinary graph, we can define the integer function of the length of an edge for a multiple graph and set the problem of the shortest path joining two vertices. Any multiple path is a union of к ordinary paths, which are adjusted on the linked edges of all multiple and multi-edges. In the article, we show that the problem of the shortest path is polynomial for a divisible multiple graph. The corresponding polynomial algorithm is formulated. Also we suggest the modification of the algorithm for the case of an arbitrary multiple graph. This modification has an exponential complexity in the parameter к.
Electric vector potential and the Biot-Savart like law in electrostatics
Authors: Salazar Robert , Bayona-Roa Camilo , Jaramillo Diego
Published: December 2022

A vector potential formulation is shown in this article to compute the electric field of planar surface electrodes. The electric field is derived from from the solution of the Laplace’s equation in the free-charge space. Neumann-boundary conditions must be set on the region between planar metallic sheets as the separation goes to zero. It is shown that the electric field can be written via a Biot Savart- like integral. The strategy enables to generalize the analytical result for its application in the gaped surface electrodes description.
Examination of Behavioural Patterns of Psychological Distress and Evaluation of Related Factors
Authors: Sangsefidi Negar , Jamali Jamshid , Rahimi Zahra , Kazemi Ana
Published: December 2022

Objectives: This study aimed to identify the behavioural pattern of psychological distress (PD) in the population of 18 to 65 years old people in Mashhad, Iran, using latent class regression and evaluate the related factors. PD is a unique emotional state with suffering in response to a stressor or specific need that leads to temporary or permanent impacts. Due to its negative effects on several features of life like the quality of life, health, performance and productivity of individuals, PD and its consequences are considered a public health priority. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed on 425,286 individuals aged 18 to 65, who were referred to health centres in Mashhad, northeastern Iran in the first half of 2018. The information required for this study, including a checklist of demographic information and the six-item Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K-6), was obtained from the Sina System. Results: Latent class regression identified three latent patterns of PD in answering the questions of the K-6 questionnaire, including severe PD (14%), low PD distress (40%) and no PD (46%). Statistical variables of this study due to the results are considered as the following: women, illiterate people, unemployed and divorced people, individuals aged between 50 and 59 years and people with low weight were more likely to be in the severe PD class than in the no PD class. Conclusion: Although a small percentage of people were classified as severely disturbed, the findings showed a high rate of symptoms of distress and sadness even in the no PD class.
Keywords: Cross-Sectional Study; Psychological Distress; Latent Class Analyses; Iran.
Machine Learning Approach for Predicting Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in Oman-based Cohort
Authors: AlShareedah AlHassan , Zidoum Hamza , Al-Sawafi Sumaya , Al-Lawati Batool , Al-Ansari Aliya
Published: December 2022

Objectives: Design a machine learning-based prediction framework to predict the presence or absence of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) in a cohort of Omani patients. Methods: Records of 219 patients from 2006 to 2019 were extracted from SQU Hospital electronic records, 138 patients have SLE, and the remaining 81 have other rheumatologic diseases. Clinical and demographic features were analyzed to focus on the early stages of the disease. Our design implements Recursive Feature Selection (RFE) to select only the most informative features. In addition, the CatBoost classification algorithm is utilized to predict SLE and an explainer algorithm (SHAP) is applied on top of the CatBoost model to provide individual prediction reasoning which is then validated by rheumatologists. Results: CatBoost achieved an Area Under the ROC curve (AUC) score of 0.95 and a Sensitivity of 92%. Four clinical features (Alopecia, renal disorders, Acute Cutaneous Lupus, and hemolytic anemia) along with the patient’s age were shown to have the greatest contribution to the prediction by the SHAP algorithm. Conclusion: We have designed and validated an explainable framework to predict SLE patients and provide reasoning for its prediction. Our framework enables early intervention for clinicians which leads to positive healthcare outcomes.

Keywords: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus; Interpretation; Machine Learning; Supervised; Clinical Decision Support System; Statistical Data; Data Analysis.
A Rare Case of a Direct Incarcerated Inguinal Hernia Containing an Epiploic Appendage and a Literature Review
Authors: Papamichail Stella , Karlafti Eleni , Malliou Petra , Zatagias Apostolos , Ioannidis Aristeidis , Netta Smaro , Panidis Stavros , Paramythiotis Daniel
Published: December 2022

Inguinal hernias are a widespread condition, responsible for a large number of acute abdomen cases. Typically, indirect, rather than direct, hernias lead to complications, as a consequence of their narrower hernial defect. We report a 71-year-old male patient with a rather rare incidence of a direct incarcerated hernia who presented with acute pain in the left inguinal area at a university general hospital in Thessaloniki, Greece, in 2017. Upon clinical examination, an irreducible inguinal mass was palpated. Therefore, the existence of a complicated hernia was suspected. The patient underwent an emergency repair, during which it was established that the hernia was direct and incarcerated and that its sac contained an ischaemic epiploic appendage. The hernia was successfully repaired with mesh, the patient recovered uneventfully and was discharged five days later. Despite the rarity of complicated direct inguinal hernias, they should always be included in the differential diagnosis of irreducible groin masses as they can increase severe complications.
Keywords: Direct Inguinal Hernia; Appendix Epiploica; Case Report; Greece.
Study of spatial distribution of elements in the system “water – bottom sediments” of the Uzynbulak creek of the Semipalatinsk test site
Authors:   Institute of Radiation Safety and Ecology, Mukhamediyarov Nurlan Zh. , Makarychev Sergey V. ,   The Altai State Agricultural University, Kolbin Vladimir V. ,   Institute of Radiation Safety and Ecology, Dyussembayeva Madina T. ,   Institute of Radiation Safety and Ecology, Shakenov Erbol Z. ,   Institute of Radiation Safety and Ecology, Yessilkanov Gani M. ,   Institute of Radiation Safety and Ecology, Temirzhanova Aray E. ,   Institute of Radiation Safety and Ecology, Tashekova Azhar Zh. ,   Institute of Radiation Safety and Ecology, Umarov Murat A. ,   Institute of Radiation Safety and Ecology
Published: December 2022

The results of studying the features of the spatial distribution of macro- and microelements in the “water – bottom sediments” system in the channel of the Uzynbulak creek (“Degelen” site of the Semipalatinsk test site, Kazakhstan) are presented. The studies were carried out in the summer of 2015. As a result of the study of the chemical composition in surface waters and bottom sediments of the Uzynbulak creek, the content of Li, Be, Na, Mg, K, Ca, V, Ni, Mo, Fe, Sr, Al, Zn, Ba, La, Ce, U was revealed. The nature of the origin and the main factors determining the increased content of a number of the studied elements have been determined. The main mechanisms of the formation of the elemental composition in surface waters, the degree of spreading of elements exceeding the MPC (maximum permissible concentration) beyond the “Degelen” site are considered.
The effect of photovoltaic industry on the two variables of temperature and wind and possible impact on dust storm in Tehran province
Authors: Khansalari Sakineh , Majidi Osman , Ghassabi Zahra , Karami Sara
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Recently, the industry of launching solar power plants in arid/ semi-arid regions has developed. A considerable part of Iran is covered by dry/semi-arid areas, which are exposed to severe wind erosion. Considering the occurrence of dust in these areas, this study investigated the possible impact of the photovoltaic industry on the prevention of dust storms.
Materials and methods: The effect of solar power plant construction on atmospheric variables and its possible effect on the occurrence of dust were investigated in Tehran province. The criterion is to compare the monthly average wind and temperature respectively at the height of 10 and 2 m inside and outside the power plant (obtained from the TerraClimate database for 2020 and 2021) on the western side and at the closest point to the power plant.
Results: The monthly average of wind and temperature respectively at the height of 10 and 2 m in 2020-2021 decreased inside of the power plant with respect to the outside of that. Significant differences were observed on temperature and wind inside and outside of the power plant during the peak heat in the summer, which increase with increasing temperature. The maximum of differences of monthly average of wind and temperature variables inside and outside of the power plant for Pars Ray Energy Bahar, Tehran Wastewater and Sohail Power Plants respectively are (0.5 °C, 0.55 m/s), (0.6 °C, 0.3 m/s), and (0.7 °C, 0.3 m/s).
Conclusion: The photovoltaic industry can change the effective solar radiation, and possibly decrease the occurrence of dust storms by weakening wind power.
Association between household air pollution and pneumonia among children under five years old admitted at the Indira Gandhi children’s hospital in Kabul, Afghanistan
Authors: Safi Helah , Venkat Padma , Prakash Muthuperumal
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Pneumonia is the single largest cause of death of children under the age of five (U5) globally, and nearly half of these (0.6 million/ year) occur because of Household Air Pollution (HAP). Combustion of wood and fossil fuels, inefficient stoves, and poor ventilation exacerbate HAP. Almost one in five deaths among U5 children in Afghanistan is due to pneumonia. The current case-control study is to find the association between pneumonia admissions of U5 children at the Children’s Hospital and HAP in Afghanistan.
Materials and methods: A hospital-based case-control study was done with caregivers of 70 confirmed pneumonia cases and 127 patients of control group from other departments in the hospital who were interviewed through a structured questionnaire.
Results: Cases and controls were found to be same on all demographic characteristics except number of children under 1 year of age. Chi-square analysis showed that those without ventilation systems in the house to remove smoke (p=0.036) and those using traditional stoves (p=0.002) were more likely to be higher among patients with pneumonia than control group. There was also a close association between U5 pneumonia and the use of room fresheners at home (p=0.027) and smoke from room heaters (0.002). Household air pollution showed a significant association with pneumonia (p=0.000).
Conclusion: The incidence of respiratory diseases is higher among children and women in the family who are more likely to be exposed to HAP. Household air pollution is related to pneumonia in U5 children in Afghanistan. Creating awareness among the caregivers about the factors contributing to pneumonia and providing alternatives can help reduce the mortality of children.
Seasonal and spatial variations of bioaerosols and antibiotic resistance bacteria in different wards of the hospital
Authors: Hosseini Sahar , Samadi Kafil Hossein , Mousavi Saeed , Gholampour Akbar
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Transmission of bioaerosols through the air is known as an important route for a wide range of nosocomial infections. Therefore, in the present study, we aimed to evaluate the type and diversity of bioaerosols and antibiotic resistance of bacterial bioaerosols in the indoor environments of Sina educational and treatment hospital, Tabriz, Iran.
Methods and materials: 150 samples of bacteria and fungi (75 fungi and 75 bacteria) bioaerosol samples were collected on petri dish containing Sabouraud dextrose agar from February to March and June to July 2020 in three periods of daytime (morning, noon and evening) according to National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH 0-800) standard. After sampling, fungal and bacterial samples were incubated and the disk diffusion agar method (Kirby-Bauer) was used for assessing the antibiotic resistance.
Results: The concentration of bioaerosols varied significantly in different wards. In addition, the concentration of bioaerosols in winter was observed to be higher than in summer. The highest and lowest airborne fungal concentrations were found in burns operating room and men's infectious ward (49 CFU/m3) and children's burns ward (28 CFU/m3), respectively. The predominantly isolated bacteria were Streptococcus spp. (38%) and Staphylococcus spp. (37%). Also, the main isolated fungi belonged to the genera Aspergillus (75.9%) and Penicillium (22.5%). The highest rates of antibiotic resistance were observed for colistin (100%) in Gram-negative and penicillin (84.2%) in Gram-positive.
Conclusion: Timely and regular disinfection of hospital wards can affect the density of bioaerosols. Owing to the prevalence of COVID-19 epidemic in the world, the staff and patients often were wearing masks, gloves and special clothing as well as using disinfectants to prevent coronavirus infection in wards during the summer sampling.
Investigating Challenges of Bed Management in Referral Teaching Hospitals in Mashhad
Authors: Sadid Mohammad Ali , Taghipour Ali , Hooshmand Elahe , Khodadadi Zahra , Moghri Javad
Published: December 2022

Background: Access to services is one of the main intermediate outcomes of health system which directly affects people's health. Increasing demand for services, on the one hand, and insufficiency of existing beds according to the relevant standards in many hospitals in the country, on the other hand, necessitate the optimal use of existing beds. The present study aims to investigate the challenges of bed management in the referral educational hospitals of Mashhad.
Methods: This was a qualitative study using content analysis method. The study population consisted of managers working in Imam Reza and Ghaem hospitals, as referral hospitals in Mashhad, and staff managers. Authors continued data collection until saturation was reached. Researchers used in-depth and semi-structured interviews to collect data. For data analysis, the authors transcribed and coded interviews, and at the same time, collected data using MaxQDA 11 software.
Results: Data were continuously compared in terms of similarities and differences to similar codes. They can be integrated together, leading to the creation of 7 main concepts. They included challenges regarding admission, bed allocation, sustainability, discharge, process, structure, and human resources.
Conclusion: Attention to the challenges of bed management in this study can greatly assist the correct emergency organization and patient flow in the hospital. Authorities need to recognize the problems arising from bed management and movie towards solving them. By doing so, the health system will enjoy higher productivity, and the patients ' access to health care will be enhanced without the need to increase the cost.
Measuring the Entrepreneurial Traits of Graduate Students: A Step towards a Third Generation University
Authors: Karami Mahtab , Abbasi-Shavazi Masoumeh , Ehrampoush Mohammad Hassan , Dehghani Arezoo , Yousefianzadeh Omid
Published: December 2022

Background: Today, entrepreneurship development, as an important engine of economic growth, requires a high spirit of entrepreneurship. In universities, students are the mainstay of entrepreneurship. In this way, the present study has measured the entrepreneurial traits of graduate students in Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences in Yazd.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in 2020. Authors selected 235 graduate students based on quota sampling and used Cochran's formula. The research tool was a standardized questionnaire to measure entrepreneurial spirit. Data were entered into SPSS 21 statistical software and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical tests. This included independent t-test, ANOVA, and regression.
Results: The total score of entrepreneurial spirit was evaluated as good with an average of 62.50 %. Among all the dimensions, the achievement seeking dimension got the highest score with an average of 75.50 %, and the independence sought dimension received the lowest score with an average of 50.50 %. There was a significant relationship between the total score of entrepreneurial spirit and marital status (p = 0.046), gender (p = 0.033), father's job (p = 0.020), and mother's job (p = 0.001). The regression model also showed that gender, age, and mother's employment are effective factors regarding the entrepreneurial spirit of students (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: Planning with a focus on male and older students can strengthen the entrepreneurial spirit in the university. Of course, considering the increase in the number of female students in universities, it is vital to improve their entrepreneurial characteristics and motivate them for self-employment.
Presenting a Model of Work-Family Conflict Management Regarding the Non-Clinical Employees of Iran University of Medical Sciences During COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Latifi Jaliseh Salimeh , Safari Palangi Hossein , Khamechi Hamed
Published: December 2022

Background: Conflicts between work and family wants are inevitable in organizations and families. This, in turn, creates psychological problems in people's personal and working life. The aim of this study is to present a model of work-family conflict management among employees of Iran University of Medical Sciences during COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods: This was a qualitative study conducted in 2021. The statistical population of the research included 14 thematic and executive experts who were selected with judgmental-purposive method. The analytical model of the research was deductive-inductive and based on the qualitative method of thematic analysis. Data were collected by document method and through in-depth and semi-structured interviews with experts of Iran University of Medical Sciences. The content validity of the research model was 85%. Retest reliability was 70% and coder reliability was 87%.
Results: After five stages of content analysis, 67 basic themes, 7 comprehensive themes (family stress stimulus ( 3 themes)), supportive job variables (11 themes), moderating variables (7 themes), stress management (12 themes), negative consequences (17 themes), positive outcomes (2 themes), (work stress stimuli(15 themes)) were counted and added. Finally, a work-family for the staff of Iran University of Medical Sciences was designed.
Conclusion: According to the current research model, work-family conflict management in the period of COVID-19 requires a new way of working. It should be independent, flexible and compatible with individual conditions and preferences of employees more than before. Considering the importance of the negative consequences of work-family conflict, the vice-chancellor of management and resource development in the university can use the model presented in this research to prepare training programs needed by employees. He can also manage the negative consequences of work-family conflict and develop support and counseling programs needed by employees to be used during COVID-19 pandemic.
Investigating the status of hospitals in Kashan, Aran and Bidgol cities in achieving health promotion standards in 2020
Authors: Sadeqi-Arani Abolfazl , Sadeqi-Arani Zahra , Askari Roohollah , Madadizadeh Farzan , Bahrami Mohammad Amin , Rahati Meghdad , Montazeralfaraj Razieh
Published: December 2022

Background: From the perspective of health promotion, the most critical mission of hospitals is to change the treatment-oriented mindset to a health-oriented one. Health promoting hospitals seek to institutionalize the concept of prevention and health promotion. Therefore, the current research aims to study Kashan, Aran and Bidgol hospitals in achieving health promotion standards in 2020.
Methods: The current study is a descriptive correlational study that was conducted cross-sectionally in 2020. The statistical sample studied was 65 managers and officials of 4 hospitals in Kashan, Aran and Bidgol cities (1 government hospital, 3 non-government hospitals). Data were collected using the World Health Organization (WHO)'s health promotion standards questionnaire. The authors used Kruskal-Wallis and one-way ANOVA tests to compare the mean performance scores among the hospitals. Bonferroni test was used for parallel comparison of the hospitals. Data were analyzed using SPSS 22 software with a significance level of 5%.
Results: Findings indicated that regarding the standards of management policy, patient assessment, patient information and intervention, promotion of a healthy workplace, continuity of treatment and cooperation, performance score of non-government hospitals (private and Social Security Organization) were significantly higher than the studied government hospital in this study (p < 0.001). The total score of health promotion standards in the non-government hospitals was significantly higher than the government hospital (p < 0.001). This difference was significant.
Conclusion One of the variables influencing the quality of health promotion standards in hospitals is the type of hospital in terms of ownership (government, non-government). It seems that organizations using government funds, typically, have worked less than other organizations with regard to improving and upgrading their quality. Therefore, managers of government hospitals need to plan for developing standards of management policy, patient assessment, patient information and intervention, upgrading a healthy and standard work environment continuity of treatment and cooperation. Then, authorities need to monitor and evaluate these processes.