bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENERAPAN ASAS KONSENSUALISME DALAM PERJANJIAN JUAL BELI ONLINE
Authors: Sasmita Ni Putu Ayu Bunga , Novy Purwanto I Wayan
Published: July 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untukemahami bagaimanakah pengaturan jual beli online dalam hukum di Indonesia dan bagaimanakah aspek hukum jual beli secara online dalam perjanjian.  Penelitian ini, menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif. Sedangkan pendekatan yang digunakan adalah menggunakan pendekatan fakta dan statute approach. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa pengaturan mengenai jual beli secara online diatur dalam ketentuan Pasal 18 ayat (1) Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 19 Tahun 2016 tentang Perubahan Atas Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2008 tentang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik, yang mana sebagai penerapan pasal 1313 KUHPerdata. Para pihak yang mengadakan perjanjian bisa menerapkan KUHPerdata yang jadi dasar diakui sahnya perjanjian dimana keabsahannya tercantum syarat 1320 KUHPerdata yakni:   kecakapan, kesepakatan, suatu sebab yang halal dan suatu hal tertentu.Sedangkan penerapan asas Konsensualisme dalam perjanjian online yang didasarkan oleh ketentuan dalam Pasal 1313 KUHPerdata yang menegaskan bahwa adanya suatu perjanjian berarti pihak satu dengan pihak lainnya setuju untuk mengikatkan dirinya.

 

This study aims to understand how the online arrangement in the sale and purchase agreement and how the legal aspects of buying and selling online in the agreement. This research uses normative legal research methods. While the approach used is to use the fact approach and statute approach. The results of this study indicate that the regulation regarding online trading is regulated in the provisions of Article 18 paragraph (1) of the Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 19 of 2016 concerning Amendment to Law Number 11 of 2008 concerning Information and Electronic Transactions, which is the legal basis for applying article 1313 of the Civil Code. The parties who entered into the agreement can apply the KUHPer which is the basis for the validity of the agreement where the validity is stated in the terms of the 1320 KUHPer, namely: skill, agreement, a halal cause and a certain thing. While the application of the principle of consensualism in an online agreement based on the provisions in Article 1313 of the KUHPer which confirms that an agreement means that one party with another party agrees to bind themselves.
KARAKTERISTIK PENGATURAN PEMBATASAN TIMBULAN SAMPAH PLASTIK SEKALI PAKAI PADA PERGUB BALI NO.97/2018 : PENDEKATAN PARTISIPASI MASYARAKAT
Authors: Dwipayana I Kadek Wira , Sudiarawan Kadek Agus
Published: July 2021

Tulisan ini merupakan tulisan yang memiliki tujuan agar dapat menyampaikan informasi mengenai upaya pelestarian lingkungan hidup melalui partisipasi masyarakat dengan mengurangi penggunaan plastik sekali pakai (PSP). Tulisan ini memuat bahasan mengenai karakteristik pengaturan peran masyarakat dalam Pergub Bali No.97/2018 serta relevansinya dengan pengurangan sampah plastic sekali pakai (PSP) di Bali. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan, konseptual serta analitis. Sumber bahan hukum pada tulisan ini berasal dari sumber bahan hukum primer dan sekunder dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui studi literatur sumber bahan hukum. Setelah dianalisis, ditemukan hasil mengenai karakterisik pengaturan peran masyarakat yang berupa hak dan kewajiban yang dimuat didalam peraturan tersebut. Namun meskipun demikian ditemukan juga beberapa kelemahan dari peraturan tersebut yang dapat membuat dilanggarnya peraturan tersebut.

 

 

This paper was aimed at conveying information about environmental conservation efforts through community participation by reducing the use of disposable plastics (PSP).  It contained a discussion of the characteristics of community role regulation in the Governor of Bali No. 97/2018 and its relevance to reducing disposable plastics (PSP) waste in Bali.  The research method used was a normative legal research method with a statutory, conceptual and analytical approach.  The source of legal material in this study came from primary and secondary legal material sources with data collection techniques through the study of legal source literature sources.  After being analyzed, it was found regarding the characteristics of the regulation of community roles in the form of rights and obligations contained in the regulation.  However, there were also some weaknesses in the regulation which were able to make the regulation violated.
PENGATURAN IZIN PEMBUANGAN LIMBAH PABRIK KE LAUT DI KABUPATEN JEMBRANA
Authors: Negara Putu Endra Wijaya , Tanaya Putu Edgar
Published: July 2021

Berupaya untuk mengkaji serta mengetahui pengaturan terkait pembuangan limbah pabrik ke laut sebelum adanya izin yang diterbitkan oleh Pemerintah Daerah serta mengetahui dalam tindakan pengawasan pemerintah Kabupaten Jembrana terhadap Pabrik yang membuang limbah ke laut sebelum adanya izin dari Pemerintah Daerah. Penelitian ini mengaplikasikan penelitian hukum normatif. Izin tidak berkenan melaksanakan entitas melainkan diizinkan. Maka, kegiatan kepada suatu sasaran tertentu dalam latar belakangnya tidak diperbolehkan. Seseorang maupun organ aturan - aturan bisa melaksanakan usaha maupun aktivitas atas suatu objek tersebut bila memperoleh izin dari pemerintah/pemerintah daerah yang menumbuhkan fungsinya kepada aktivitas yang dilaksanakan oleh orang atau golongan yang berhubungan. Peranan pemantauan terkait halnya kepada izin yang sudah dimunculkan secara absolut dibutuhkan bertujuan menghindari kekeliruan – kekeliruan terkait dengan izin yang sudah dimunculkan sehingga tidak disalahgunakan. Pemantauan terkait dengan izin tersebut merupakan tanggungjawab instansi - instansi yang mengeluarkan izin tersebut.

To knows related to study the the plant waste into the sea before the permits issued by a government local and not in the act of the supervision of a government jembrana regency to plant of waste into the sea before the permission from local government. This study as law normative research. Permission had given implement entity but allowed. So, activities to a a specific target in a backdrop not allowed. Someone and organs - which start to do the business activity upon an object and the government when obtaining licenses / local governments who them to activity conducted by the party that deals. Related complaint to the role of monitoring without have raised in absolute terms to avoid needed a without a relating to have raised so is not misused. Monitoring relating to permit responsibility - agencies is agency issued the permit.
ПРОБЛЕМА БЕЖЕНЦЕВ В СТРАНАХ ИНДОКИТАЯ: К ИСТОРИИ ВОПРОСА
Authors:   Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет, Шуи Чжан
Published: July 2021

Успешное разрешение кризиса беженцев в странах Индокитая является важным примером для других регионов мира. Политика стран региона в отношении беженцев представляет пример эффективного международного сотрудничества. Автор использует методологию неолиберального институционализма в качестве теоретической основы для исследования данной проблемы. В статье рассмотрены исторические причины возникновения кризиса индокитайских беженцев, обобщены характеристики кризиса, оценена реакция международного сообщества на кризис. Сделан вывод о необходимости создания эффективного механизма раннего предупреждения конфликтных ситуаций в тех или иных регионах мира, что в дипломатическом словаре ООН называется превентивной дипломатией.
EFFICIENCY OF PSYCHO CORRECTION OF THE LEADING ELEMENT OF PSYCHOLOGICAL SECURITY OF FIRST-GRADERS’ PERSONALITY BY VARIOUS PLAY TECHNIQUES
Authors:   Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia, Kostina Lyubov M.
Published: July 2021

The article presents the results of an empirical study aimed at determining the most effective play therapy technique for the psychological correction of a high level of anxiety, as a leading element of the structure of the psychological safety of the personality of primary schoolchildren during the period of their adaptation to school education. Recently, the problem of psychologi-cal safety of the personality of students has been in the area of increased attention. There is more and more scientific research aimed at studying various aspects of this phenomenon. One of these aspects is to ensure the psychological safety of the individual in different periods of training. The most psychologically difficult period is the period of adaptation of the child to the educational process. The presented article is devoted to the study of this aspect. Four hundred first-graders with a high level of anxiety, which was determined during the control diagnostics, took part in the work. The work used empirical methods and methods of mathematical statistics. At the formative stage of the work, all first-graders were divided into four groups: con-trol and three experimental. In each of the experimental groups with children, psychological correction of one of the play therapy techniques was carried out: non-directive, directive, and integrative, respectively. Upon completion of the formative stage of the study, a control diagno-sis of the level of anxiety in first-graders in the control and all experimental groups was carried out. The results of studying the dynamics of the level of anxiety as a leading element of the struc-ture of the psychological safety of a person after psychological correction made it possible to identify the most effective techniques of the method of play therapy. The data obtained allow us to speak about the presence of statistically significant differences in the experimental group, where play therapy of the integrative type was used. The results of the level of anxiety in first-graders in the experimental group, where psychological correction was carried out by the method of non-directive play therapy, demonstrate less significant differences. The level of anxi-ety in first-graders in the experimental group, where the method of directive play therapy was used, did not statistically significantly differ from the data of students in the control group, where psychological correction was not carried out.
DEVELOPMENT OF INSTRUMENTAL AND METHODOLOGICAL SUPPORT FOR THE ASSESSMENT OF STUDENTS ' KNOWLEDGE IN MATHEMATICS IN THE FRAMEWORK OF HYBRID INTELLIGENT LEARNING ENVIRONMENT
Authors:   Federal Research Center «Computer Science and Control» of RAS, Druzhinina Olga V. , Karpacheva Irina A. ,   Bunin Yelets State University, Masina Olga N. ,   Bunin Yelets State University, Petrov Alexey A. ,   Bunin Yelets State University
Published: July 2021

The article is devoted to the development of an integrated complex of knowledge base and artifi-cial intelligence tools for assessing students' knowledge in mathematics within the framework of a hybrid intellectual learning environment. In accordance with the structural diagrams of mod-els of intellectual assessment of knowledge and creative potential of schoolchildren in mathe-matics, the structure of the corresponding knowledge base is formalized. The knowledge base is developed within the framework of data mining methods to create a module for monitoring and assessing knowledge in mathematics. As a methodological basis for the development of a knowledge base, the idea of V.P. Bespalko about the representation of the possible structure of human activity in the form of suc-cessive levels of assimilation, reflecting the development of the student's experience in a given subject in the learning process. The levels of assimilation (student, typical, heuristic, research) are determined through the ability to solve problems of the corresponding type. A formalized in-dicator of a student's achievement of a particular level of assimilation of educational material (level of training) is the coefficient of assimilation; assessment of the assimilation of material on a specific topic or section is provided for both at each of the above levels, and in general. The examples of the formation of a knowledge base for assessing the skills and abilities of schoolchildren in algebra are considered. To model the educational process, we propose methods for solving clustering, dimen-sionality reduction and classification problems based on machine learning and artificial neural networks. The foundations for the development of integrated complexes of knowledge bases and artificial intelligence tools to ensure the educational process are presented. The results obtained are aimed at creating methods that provide the processes of operational learning, control and assessment of knowledge, competencies and procedures, the level of formation of subject and professional competencies of students in the information and educational intellectual environment.
EXPRESSIVENESS OF SPEECH AS AN ESSENTIAL SIGN OF COMMUNICATIVE CULTURE OF LAWYERS
Authors:   Eastern Law Institute of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation, Zinyatova Marina N. , Prokoptseva Nadezhda V. ,   Eastern Law Institute of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation, Kucher Inna R. ,   Eastern Law Institute of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation
Published: July 2021

In the conditions of intensification of various aspects of human life, the training of specialists who meet the needs of society and the state is of particular importance. The professional profile of a lawyer, according to the normative documents, assumes as an obligatory component of le-gal competence the ability to reasonably and clearly construct oral and written speech, as well as to carry out written and oral communication in Russian. Expressiveness of speech is an inte-gral element of these competencies. However, as practice shows, the culture of speech of specialists in the field of law cannot be considered sufficient, which clearly indicates a contradic-tion between the official requirements for specialists in this field and the real state of affairs. It occurs mainly due to the relatively low level of knowledge on the issues of achieving expressive-ness of speech, as well as due to ignoring this requirement as a component of the communicative culture of a lawyer. The revealed discrepancy determined the purpose of the work, the essence of which is to consider expressiveness as the quality of speech of lawyers, from the standpoint of its essential characteristics, as well as methods and conditions of implementation. To achieve this goal, an analysis of the current definitions of the concept of “expressiveness of speech” was carried out, which made it possible to substantiate the following: the expressive speech, subject to the condi-tions imposed on it, is definite, consistent, substantiated, understandable and expressive. To achieve expressiveness in a public legal environment, various tropes are used (comparison, metaphors, epithets, personifications, and others) and figures of speech (antithesis, anaphora, epiphora, repetitions, inversion, and the like). Theoretical and empirical study of the literature, corresponding to the selected problem, made it possible to conclude that knowledge of the essential features of expressiveness as a quality of speech and mastery of the methods of its implementation, under certain conditions, allow a lawyer to increase the efficiency of communication in professional activities.
PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGICAL MARKERS OF PSYCHOLOGICAL READINESS FOR ACTIVITY IN STRESSFUL CONDITIONS
Authors:   Bunin Yelets State University, Elnikova Oksana E. , Kolosova Irina G. ,   Bunin Yelets State University
Published: July 2021

The article discusses the influence of inhibitory processes as psychophysiological characteristics that can influence the development of psychological readiness for activity in young men and women in modern stressful conditions. Inhibitory control is considered as a psychophysiological characteristic responsible for cognitive inhibition and suppression of a certain type of behavior. In the study presented in the article, the level of resilience and viability and inhibitory control is recorded. To achieve the goal of the study, the following methods were selected: “Resilience Test” (D.A. Leontiev, E.I. Rasskazova), which is an adaptation of the Hardiness Survey questionnaire, developed by the American psychologist S. Maddi. The use of this method allowed us to deter-mine the respondents ' level of resilience. Since there are a number of studies indicating that re-silience is often due to the viability of a person, we used the method of assessing the quality of life “Sf-36 Health Status Survey”as an auxiliary tool (I.A. Guidarov, V.A. Polessky). The as-sessment of the braking control in the respondents was carried out by means of the reflexometric technique “ReBOS” (author-developer: E.G. Vergunov), which allows us to evaluate the param-eters of both simple and complex sensorimotor reactions. According to the number of errors made during the experimental study, the respondents form a diagnostic opinion about the level of formation of the brake control. The results obtained suggest that not all young men and wom-en who took part in the pilot experimental study have the proper level of resilience and are able to independently build a behavior strategy that allows them to effectively counteract stressful situations. Boys and girls with a low level of resilience demonstrate a low level of formation of brake control, boys and girls who have a higher level of resilience have a more plastic nervous system, which indicates a higher level of formation of brake control. It can be assumed that these students have more pronounced adaptive capabilities in a changing environment.
DEVELOPMENT OF THE ACTIVITIES OF GIFTED SCHOOLCHILDREN ON MASTERING GEOMETRIC CONCEPTS IN FIGURATIVE STRUCTURES
Authors:   Bunin Yelets State University, Podaeva Natalia G. , Podaev Mikhail V. ,   Institute of Education Development, Agafonov Pavel A. ,   SBEI Secondary School No 2070
Published: July 2021

The relevance of addressing the development of mental activity for mastering geometric con-cepts is due to the change in paradigmatic foundations taking place in modern education, asso-ciated with the recognition of the student as a subject of educational and cognitive activity, the initiator of his own activity. The goal is to describe a model of a didactic system for the devel-opment of activities for operating with geometric concepts in the process of teaching geometry to mathematically gifted students in 10–11 grades using the resource of the GeoGebra dynamic system as a component of the electronic educational environment (ELE). The goal is achieved by solving such problems as: to characterize the architecture of the model of a system that ensures in a learning situation the development of schoolchildren's activities in operating with geometric concepts; to substantiate psychodidactic conditions for the effective development of this kind of activity using the resource of the GeoGebra dynamic system; to define levels, criteria and indi-cators of the development. The educational activity in the electronic educational environment and the developed system of tasks within the elective course “Stereometry Tasks and Computer Graphics” for students of 10–11 grades are a didactic means of developing the activities of schoolchildren related to figurative-spatial methods of coding information. The results: a model of a didactic system for the development of activities for mastering spatial-figurative concepts in the process of teaching geometry to students of 10–11grades using the resource of the dynamic system GeoGebra is described. The conclusion: the development of the activity of schoolchildren in mastering spatial-figurative concepts occurs directly in the learning process. In the structure of this kind of activity, there are actions that are different in nature.
САМОСТІЙНА РОБОТА СТУДЕНТІВ У КОНТЕКСТІ ДІЯЛЬНІСНОГО ПІДХОДУ В НАВЧАННІ
Authors: Шмир Марія
Published: July 2021

Стаття присвячена актуальній проблемі, реалізація якої сприяє забезпеченню формування у випускників закладів вищої освіти здатності навчатися упродовж життя. За цих умов, підкреслюється у статті, особливої актуальності набуває залучення студентів до самостійної роботи.

Наукова новизна дослідження полягає у розкритті особливостей організації самостійної роботи студентів у контексті діяльнісного підходу, реалізація якого грунтується на основі розробленої функційно-структурної дидактичної системи, що передбачає активацію процесів самомотивації, самоорганізації, самодіяльності, самоуправління, самоконтролю самооцінки і саморефлексії в інформаційно-освітньому середовищі закладу вищої освіти.

Означені результати проведеного дослідження, що вказуються у статті, засвідчують позитивні зміни у формуванні здатності до самовдосконалення, саморозвитку.
СУТНІСТЬ І СТРУКТУРА САМОСТІЙНОЇ ТВОРЧОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ СТУДЕНТІВ
Authors: Оршанський Леонід , Нищак Іван , Матвісів Ярослав
Published: July 2021

У статті розкривається сутність і структура самостійної творчої діяльності студентів. З’ясовано, що самостійна діяльність студентів є апріорі творчою, адже містить як результати (конкретні ідеї, проєкти, продукти тощо), так і сам процес, в якому активізується, формується і розвивається інтегральна якість особистості – творча самостійність. Самостійна творча діяльність студентів включає в себе різні види діяльності: провідну, індивідуальну, спільну, навчальну, наукову, розважальну та ін. Структуру самостійної творчої діяльності складають такі елементи: науково-пізнавальні знання, пізнавально-самостійна готовність, творче пізнавальне мислення, творча самостійна пізнавальна діяльність (уміння).
ЗДОРОВ’ЯЗБЕРЕЖУВАЛЬНА КОМПЕТЕНТНІСТЬ МАЙБУТНЬОГО ФАХІВЦЯ-ФІЗІОТЕРАПЕВТА: НОРМАТИВНО-ДЕФІНІТИВНИЙ АНАЛІЗ
Authors: Павелків Катерина , Чепурка Олег
Published: July 2021

У статті представлено результати застосування нормативно-дефінітивного підходу до питань формування здоров’язбережувальної компетентності майбутніх фахівців-фізіотерапевтів відповідно до вітчизняних та міжнародних освітніх документів, насамперед Світової Конфедерації фізичної терапії та Української Асоціації фізичних терапевтів. На підставі аналізу змісту українських та міжнародних документів про підготовку фахівців-фізіотерапевтів з’ясовано зміст основних дескрипторів, що визначають належний рівень професійної компетентності фахівців-фізіотерапевтів на бакалаврському та магістерському рівнях підготовки. Представлено визначення професійної компетентності майбутнього фахівця-фізіотерапевта; проаналізовано його основні професійні компетенції (розуміння концепції знань; клінічні, міжособистісні, технічні навички; навички комплексного розв’язання  професійних проблем та клінічної оцінки),  їх здоров’язбережувальний зміст; здійснено класифікацію професійних компетенцій фахівця-фізіотерапевта та обґрунтовано їх співвідношення з його здоров’язбережувальною компетентністю.
СУЧАСНІ ПІДХОДИ ДО НАВЧАННЯ УКРАЇНСЬКОЇ МОВИ ЗА ПРОФЕСІЙНИМ СПРЯМУВАННЯМ: ПЕРСПЕКТИВНІ ВЕКТОРИ ДОСЛІДЖЕНЬ
Authors: Гуменюк Ірина
Published: July 2021

У статті здійснено аналіз наукового інформаційного простору на предмет методичних розробок реалізації сучасних підходів до мовної освіти в процесі навчання української мови за професійним спрямуванням. Акцентовано увагу на різноманітності кваліфікаційних найменувань, семантичних трактувань поняття “підхід до навчання”, а також класифікаційних критеріїв виділення наявних різновидів. Визначено рівні наукового вивчення проблеми та перспективні вектори досліджень у методиці навчання української мови за професійним спрямуванням.
ПІДГОТОВКА СТУДЕНТІВ ДО ПЕДАГОГІЧНОЇ ВЗАЄМОДІЇ ІЗ ДІТЬМИ ДОШКІЛЬНОГО І МОЛОДШОГО ШКІЛЬНОГО ВІКУ ЗІ ВНУТРІШНЬО ПЕРЕМІЩЕНИХ СІМЕЙ
Authors: Кіліченко Оксана
Published: July 2021

У статті розглянуто особливості підготовки майбутніх педагогів до педагогічної взаємодії з дітьми дошкільного і молодшого шкільного віку зі внутрішньо переміщених сімей.

Зазначено, що такі діти потрапляють в нові умови освітнього та національного середовища, внаслідок чого виникають проблеми з адаптацією до соціокультурного середовища. Вирішальну роль у процесі адаптації дитини відіграє педагог.

Визначено, що важливим напрямом підготовки до педагогічної взаємодії є впровадження в освітній процес практики розв’язування навчально-професійних ситуацій з використанням технології case-study.
ДЕФОРМОВАНИЙ ТЕКСТ ЯК ЗАСІБ ПІДГОТОВКИ МАЙБУТНІХ УЧИТЕЛІВ ПОЧАТКОВОЇ ШКОЛИ ДО РОБОТИ В ДІАЛЕКТНОМУ СЕРЕДОВИЩІ
Authors: Наконечна Лариса
Published: July 2021

Стаття присвячена актуальному питанню підготовки майбутніх учителів початкових класів до професійної діяльності в умовах діалектного мовного середовища. Автор розглядає один із засобів такої підготовки – текст і зокрема деформований текст, дає визначення поняття “деформований текст”, описує види деформованого тексту, аналізує мету їх використання та наводить приклади деформованих текстів, які можуть бути використані для підготовки учнів та студентів до роботи в діалектному середовищі.
РОЗВИТОК МУЗИЧНО-ТВОРЧИХ ЗДІБНОСТЕЙ УЧНІВ ПОЧАТКОВОЇ ШКОЛИ НА УРОКАХ МУЗИЧНОГО МИСТЕЦТВА
Authors: Черсак Ольга , Молодій Ольга
Published: July 2021

Стаття присвячена проблемі розвитку музично-творчих здібностей учнів початкової школи на уроках музичного мистецтва. Сьогодні активно відбуваються реформи у сфері освіти, метою яких є формування конкурентоздатної, творчої особистості, котра спроможна до самовизначення, самореалізації та самовдосконалення; сприяти її всебічному розвитку, талантів, здібностей, компетентностей, творчості й допитливості. Саме тому сучасна школа повинна забезпечити становлення такої особистості, а важливу роль у реалізації цих завдань необхідно надати музичному мистецтву.

Розкрито сутність поняття “музично-творчі здібності”. Стверджується, що всі діти народжуються із задатками для формування музичних здібностей, які згодом успішно реалізовуються у процесі навчання та виховання і сприяють гармонійному розвитку особистості.
ФОРМУВАННЯ ПРОФЕСІЙНОЇ КОМПЕТЕНТНОСТІ МАЙБУТНІХ УЧИТЕЛІВ ТРУДОВОГО НАВЧАННЯ З ХУДОЖНЬОГО ТКАЦТВА З ВИКОРИСТАННЯМ ТЕХНОЛОГІЙ ДИСТАНЦІЙНОГО НАВЧАННЯ
Authors: Гром Галина
Published: July 2021

У статті схарактеризовано особливості практичної підготовки студентів спеціальності “Трудове навчання” в умовах дистанційного навчання. Зокрема, на прикладі вивчення курсу “Технологічний практикум (ткацтво)” та власного педагогічного досвіду проаналізовано проблеми, пов’язані зі створення педагогічних умов формування професійної компетентності з художнього ткацтва, намічено шляхи їх реалізації у процесі дистанційного навчання.
ANALISIS PEMAHAMAN KONSEP PERKALIAN SISWA PADA PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA BERBASIS DARING KELAS 2 SDN 2 CIBADAK
Authors: Elsani Haikal
Published: July 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pemahaman konsep perkalian siswa pada pembelajaran matematika berbasis daring. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif. Instrumen penelitian ini menggunakan pedoman wawancara dan dokumentasi hasil nilai pengetahuan siswa untuk meilhat kemampuan pengetahuan siswa mengenai pemahaman konsep perkalian matematika. Subjek penelitian menggunakan Quota Sampling untuk pemilihan subjek dalam penulisan ini, karena subjek yang diteliti yaitu kelompok yang telah ditetapkan sesuai dengan kuota kelas yaitu kelas 2A sekolah dasar dan tidak meneliti banyak subjek untuk diteliti karena keterbatasan waktu penulisan. Hasil penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana pemahaman konsep siswa terhadap matematika dengan menggunakan daring kurang efektif dan sulit dipahami oleh siswa kelas IIA karena pembelajaran matematika harus secara langsung dan nyata. Pembelajaran daring ini memerlukan bahan yang cukup banyak seperti jaringan internet harus kuat, memiliki kuota yang cukup, dan handphone android. Siswa yang memahami pemahaman konsep matematika melalui daring hanya 10 siswa yang menguasai pemahaman konsep perkalian dan sisanya masih kurang memahami.
El sistema de mérito como garantía de estabilidad  y eficacia en las sociedades democráticas avanzadas
Authors: Lapuente Giné Víctor
Published: July 2021

Este artículo resume las contribuciones recientes, tanto teóricas como empíricas, en ciencias sociales sobre la importancia de la “calidad de gobierno” para el bienestar de los ciudadanos de un país. El artículo analiza dos tipos de factores institucionales que pueden facilitar la “calidad de gobierno” y que han sido explorados sistemáticamente en un elevado número de estudios. Por un lado, los factores políticos y, en particular, cómo se seleccionan a las élites políticas en un país. Por otro, factores burocráticos y, en particular, cómo se selecciona a los empleados públicos en un país. Uno de los resultados más importantes de estos estudios es que disponer de una burocracia meritocrática –entendida como una burocracia no politizada– tiene un efecto positivo y significativo sobre la calidad de gobierno en democracias avanzadas.
Políticos, gobernantes y directivos: la dirección política de la Administración como factor clave de cualquier reforma
Authors: Gil Ibáñez Alberto , Casamayor Navarro Serafín
Published: July 2021

La crisis de la política y de lo público deriva del escaso interés prestado, especialmente en los últimos años, al “arte” y forma de gobernar, habiéndose ignorado igualmente la decisiva influencia del dirigente político en el funcionamiento y cumplimiento de objetivos de las organizaciones públicas. La legitimidad democrática es un requisito necesario pero no suficiente para garantizar que se toman las mejores decisiones o de la manera más eficaz y eficiente, a lo que se añade la aparición de nuevos retos como la globalización, la complejidad, el cambio tecnológico o la innovación. Todo ello demuestra que un buen gobernante a la altura de los tiempos no se improvisa sino que requiere contar con capacidades y competencias concretas, para ejercer un liderazgo moderno y eficaz, que pueden adquirirse en una Academia de Gobernantes creada al efecto.
Hydrochemical characteristics and environmental evaluation of surface and groundwater quality at Al-Tarmiyah Area, Baghdad, Iraq
Authors: Ismael Mustafa Haqi , Al-Tawash Balsam Salim , Al-Saady Younus I.
Published: July 2021

The present study aims to assess the water quality and the hydrochemical characteristics and seasonal variation of surface water on the aspect of trace elements in Al-Tarmiyah District, Baghdad, Iraq. Ten water samples were collected, four from surface water and six from groundwater on October 2017, and on April 2018. All samples were analyzed for physiochemical parameters such as water temperature, pH, EC, TDS,TH,TSS, major ions (Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, SO42-, Cl-, and HCO3-), and nutrients (NO3-, and PO43-). In addition, samples were analyzed for trace elements that include Fe, Al, Pb, Zn, Mn, Cr, Cu, Co, Ni, and Cd. Suitability of water for domestic uses was evaluated depending on the criteria or standards of acceptable quality for that use.

     Surface water samples of October 2017 were classified as Ca-Cl and Na-Cl water type while they were classified as Na-Cl water type in April 2018. Most groundwater of both months' samples was classified as Ca-Cl and Na-Cl water types. There is only one groundwater sample (GW2) was classified as Ca-SO4-2 water type. According to water classification based on the Piper diagram, most of surface and groundwater samples for both months falling in class (e), this means that the type of water is "Earth alkaline water with increased portions of alkalis with prevailing sulfate or chloride". Suitability of water for drinking purpose is evaluated depending on the criteria or standards of acceptable quality for that use ( WHO and Iraqi Standard). All surface and groundwater samples from the studied area are not suitable for drinking purposes and within "excellent typeâ€ for livestock and poultry use. Additionally, almost all surface water samples were within Good class based on the suggested limits of EC value (Ayers and Westcot, 1985) for irrigation while most of the groundwater samples are within unsuitable class. All surface water and groundwater samples lie within low hazard class of the irrigation water based on SAR values.
Exact and Local Search Methods for Solving Travelling Salesman Problem with Practical Application
Authors: Jasim Sajjad Majeed , Ali Faez Hassan
Published: July 2021

This paper investigates some exact and local search methods to solve the traveling salesman problem. The Branch and Bound technique (BABT) is proposed, as an exact method, with two models. In addition, the classical Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Simulated Annealing (SA) are discussed and applied as local search methods. To improve the performance of GA we propose two kinds of improvements for GA; the first is called improved GA (IGA) and the second is Hybrid GA (HGA).

The IGA gives best results than GA and SA, while the HGA is the best local search method for all within a reasonable time for 5 â‰¤ n â‰¤ 2000, where n is the number of visited cities. An effective method of reducing the size of the TSP matrix was proposed with the existence of successive rules. The problem of the total cost of Iraqi cities was also discussed and solved by some methods in addition to local search methods to obtain the optimal solution.
A Review of the Options to Restructure the System of Vietnam's Research and Development Organizations under the Impact of Policies
Authors: Hong Duong Khuat Thi
Published: July 2021

The network of R&D organizations is a system and always a component of Vietnam national S&T policy. According to the system pinciples, under the impact of the policy, this system has undergone numerous structure reforms to survive, develop and respond to the society’s requirements. This article analyzes a number of variants that have been implemented by the state in the restructuring of the system of R&D organizations in Vietnam.
Policy and Legislations on Microplastics Pollution Management in Vietnam
Authors: Thang Nguyen Trung , Phuong Anh Duong Thi , Ngoc Anh Nguyen Thi
Published: July 2021

Plastic pollution has become a major global environmental problem. The amount of plastic waste, including microplastics discharged into the environment, is on the increase, causing harm to the environment, ecosystems, especially marine ecosystems, entering the food chain, and affecting human health. Recognizing the environmental risks of plastic waste, the State has issued many legal documents on plastic waste management such as the Law on Environmental Protection (2014, 2020); Law on Environmental Protection Tax 2010; National environmental protection strategy up to 2020, Vision 2030; National strategy on integrated solid waste management up to 2025, Vision 2050, among others. However, there are still many shortcomings to plastic waste management in Vietnam, e.g. there are no effective solutions in reducing, sorting, collecting, reusing, recycling and treating waste. More importantly, public awareness and understanding of microplastic pollution in Vietnam still need improving. Therefore, pollution caused by microplastics needs to be studied and evaluated in relation to its origin, current situation, impacts and management policies.
Information Need and Information User: Theory and Practice
Authors: Thanh Van Tran Thi
Published: July 2021

This study discusses theoretical and practical issues of information needs and information users. The study presents a theoretical system about information needs and information users, including: concept, classification and role of information users; concept, classification, characteristics, and factors affecting information needs. The study affirms the practical values of information user's information needs for the development of society, the information and library industry and information user community.
FORMATION OF GRAPHIC COMPETENCE OF THE HIGHER EDUCATION SEEKERS BY MEANS OF COMPUTER-ORIENTED TECHNOLOGIES
Authors: HAVRYSHCHAK HALYNA , URUSKYI ANDRII
Published: July 2021

The role of graphic competence in the training process of future teachers of labor education and technology has been substantiated in this article. Examples of students' use of the acquired knowledge in Descriptive Geometry and Engineering Graphics in further educational and practical activities have been established. There are reading drawings of products (parts) for their manufacture; design and execution of graphic images of products (parts); development of a logical sequence of the technological process for the manufacture of the product; designing a garment pattern, etc.

The growing role of machines with digital program control (DPC) is taken into account and the role of graphic representation of the part (product) in digital format for their manufacture on such machines is also investigated. It is proposed to provide the emphasized training of students to perform drawings of parts (products) by means of graphic editors with the prospect of their manufacture on machines with DPC. The purpose of the article is to reveal the features of preparation of future teachers of labor education and technology to perform drawings of product details in graphic editors with the subsequent manufacture of these objects on machines with digital program control.

The peculiarities of training students in Computer Graphics at Volodymyr Hnatiuk Ternopil National Pedagogical University during studying of disciplines «Descriptive Geometry, Drawings and Computer Graphics», «Computer Graphics and Multimedia» have been analyzed. It is determined that students are not able to fully master Computer Graphics due to the lack of hours and the large number of commands and functions that are provided by such computer programs. It is proposed to enhance the preparation of students for mastering computer graphics through the independent implementation of students' drawings of product details using a graphic program in extracurricular time in the form of an individual educational research tasks (IERT). The expediency of making drawings of product parts by means of a graphic program with their subsequent manufacture by a machine with digital program control (DPC) has been substantiated.

Plywood is proposed as a construction material for the design of the products by means of graphic editors with the subsequent manufacturing by machines with DPC. The structure of IERT is proposed: to make drawings of details of a product according to the instruction; provide a “photo report” of the sequence of drawings according to the instructions with a short description; to change the design of the product based on the knowledge and skills formed by making drawings according to the instructions. An example of IERT instructions for students is given. It involves the use of KOMPAS-3D. The phone stand is considered as a sample of performance by students for IERT.
THE IMPACT OF METACOGNITIVE READING STRATEGIES ON MASTER STUDENTS’ EFL READING PROFICIENCY AND ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT
Authors: LEVCHYK IRYNA , MAZUR OKSANA , ZAKORDONETS NATALIIA
Published: July 2021

The paper deals with direct influence on reading proficiency and other advantages of application of metacognitive strategies by master students in order to improve ESL when learning Academic English course. There have been given definitions of the terms “reading strategy”, “metacognitive reading strategy”. The main structural components and functions of metacognitive strategies have been described, their role and priority of application by master students in academic texts processing have been estimated and discussed. Highly effective metacognitive reading strategies have been selected and correlated to academic performance level of readers. The main theoretical approaches regarding metacognition in reading have been overviewed and analyzed. The study has been conducted in Ternopil Volodymyr Hnatiuk National Pedagogical University. Data was collected by means of focus groups interview and selected scales of the MARSI (Metacognitive Awareness Reading Strategy Inventory) questionnaire. The highlighted research is of a descriptive character; it has been completed with the aim of collecting the information at the initial stage of the experiment on postgraduates’ usage of metacognitive reading strategies in their university course of Academic English. Data analysis was carried out with help of visualization of images of the text, main ideas/top sentences selection, scanning the text, summarizing information, self-questioning, connecting new information with the previously learnt one. Theoretically the study contributed by giving promising results about the impact of application of metacognitive reading strategies on reading proficiency of master students at Ternopil Volodymyr Hnatiuk National Pedagogical University. The practical implication presupposes incorporation of syllabus based reading comprehension courses for EFL master students as supplementary to the core courses or optional ones, based on practical teacher manuals on using metacognitive strategies in teaching reading comprehension; seminars for ESL teachers.
METHODICAL COMPONENT OF THE SYSTEM OF DEVELOPMENT OF DIGITAL COMPETENCE OF FUTURE TEACHERS OF THE HUMANITARIAN PROFILE
Authors: HENSERUK HALYNA , SERHII MARTYNIUK
Published: July 2021

The development of digital competence of new generation teachers is a priority of a modern higher education institution. It is important in this context to develop a methodological component of the system of digital competence development of future teachers of humanities, which will determine the goals, content, methods, forms and means of digital competence development. Therefore, the aim of the article is to substantiate the methodological component of the model of development of digital competence of future teachers of humanities. The study analyzes the international framework of digital competence for citizens, in particular the framework of digital competence DigCompEdu, UNESCO standards “UNESCO ICT Competency Framework for Teachers. Version 3”, which reflects the latest technological and pedagogical advances in the use of ICT in education. It is important to describe the digital competence of the pedagogical worker, which includes the requirements to a humanities teacher and a set of skills to acquire, as well as the levels of digital competence of a pedagogical worker. A new Digital Education Action Plan (2021–2027) has been substantiated, outlining the European Commission's vision for high-quality, inclusive and accessible digital education in Europe. In the context of the study the analysis of the Concept of development of digital competencies adopted in Ukraine in 2020, the ways and means of solving the problems outlined in the document and the expected results are very important. The action plan for the implementation of the Concept of development of digital competencies includes regulatory, scientific and methodological, information support, deadlines and performance indicators. The described methodical component of the system of digital competence development of future teachers of humanities is developed in accordance with the European framework of digital competences, the concept of digital competence development and the description of digital competence of a pedagogical worker. This system is focused on application in the system of higher education. The methodological component of the system of development of digital competence of future teachers of humanities, which is carried out in the digital educational environment of Ternopil Volodymyr Hnatiuk National Pedagogical University, has been also substantiated.
PERFORMING SKILLS OF ACCORDIONIST IN THE CONTEXT OF PROFESSIONAL TRAINING OF A TEACHER-MUSICIAN
Authors: STELMASHCHUK ZINOVII
Published: July 2021

The article emphases the importance of training a teacher-musician, improving the quality of his education by achieving the necessary competencies, one of which is instrumental performance. The basic conditions that affect the development of performing skills of the future teacher are analyzed in the work, which are mastering strong knowledge from the cycle of cultural, musicological and psychological and pedagogical disciplines, closely related to the certain historical period, society, way of life, socio-historical conditions, creative environment, etc., which form the basis of the performing culture of the teacher and instrumentalist. The main factors of development and improvement of performing skills are highlighted, which include technologies of sheet music reading and study of accordion instrumental works. The concept of "intonation", which has been the subject of research by many scientists, musicologists, composers, performers, is described as one of the most effective ways for a composer to create a musical image through which the whole mechanism of reproducing the content and emotional depth of musical works. The article contains examples of "deciphering" intonation by expressive properties in the process of interpreting the work, when the performer becomes a co-author of the composer, penetrating the musical image through knowledge of styles, genres, expressive properties of the system and its tendencies, intervals, chords, harmonic sequences, expressive properties of intonation in the whole complex of performing.
METHODOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF CREATING FAIRY TALES AS A MEDIA EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT BY CHILDREN OF PRESCHOOL AND PRIMARY SCHOOL AGE
Authors: KUZMA IRYNA
Published: July 2021

Methodological peculiarities of creating fairy tales at preschool and primary education institutions have been investigated. The new State Standards for Preschool and Primary Education provide the development of children’s creativity and innovation. The importance of media education is growing due to the development of innovative media products, which is a fairy tale. It has been stressed on creating fairy tales as a component of storytelling. Emphasis has been placed on the fact that the ability to create a fairy tale is one of the learning outcomes of primary school students in accordance with the Typical educational programs. The objective of the article is to substantiate the methods of creating fairy tales as a media educational product of preschool and primary school age children in collaboration with parents and teachers.

The following methods have been used to achieve the goal: the analysis of normative documents and pedagogical sources on the research problem; comparative-contrast, generalizations (for comparison of storytelling and creating fairy tales); surveys, interviews (to develop and test the effectiveness of methods of creating fairy tales as a media educational product). The origins of the creating fairy tales by children in the middle of the XXth century have been demonstrated. The common and distinctive features of traditional creating fairy tales and storytelling have been clarified. Contradictions regarding the use of storytelling have been identified, in particular between the growing interest in digital storytelling and the requirements for time-limited contact of children with gadgets and other technical devices.

Four stages have been defined in the developed methods. They are the following: 1. Preparatory – choosing a favorite fairy tale. 2. Search – finding a situation in which a child becomes a participant. 3. Implementation – the child’s “entry” into a fairy tale, the design of his/her activities and the role or the profession in a fairy tale. 4. Final – the analysis of the child’s and other characters’ behavior in a fairy-tale situation. The ability to produce creatively media products as an indicator of media literacy formation has been reflected. Specific examples illustrate the ways to transform famous fairy tales into a new way. Emphasis has been placed on media educational tales as a means of media education at preschool and primary education institutions. The advantages of the developed methods of creating fairy tales have been shown: it allows parents, children and kindergarten teachers/teachers in partnership to transform well-known fairy tales in a new way, to implement the function of protection against harmful influences of new media, to strengthen family relations and family ties with preschool and primary education institutions, to improve media culture. The results of a survey of preschoolers’ parents on reading and creating fairy tales have been presented.