bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
OSMANLI DEVLETİ’NDE GAYRİMÜSLİM HALKIN AİLE YAPISI ÜZERİNE BİR İNCELEME: TANZİMAT DÖNEMİ DİYARBEKİR ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: SOLAK İbrahim , GÜLENÇ Ahmet
Published: January 2022

Tereke defterleri, kişilerin vefatları halinde varislerine intikal eden her türlü mal ve eşyalarının cins, adet ve değerleri bakımından kaydedildiği evraklardır. Defterlerde, vefat eden şahısların adres ve aile bilgileri, menkul ve gayrimenkul mal ve eşyaları, borç ve alacakları ve toplam servet miktarlarının yer alması bu defterleri Osmanlı Devleti’nin idari, sosyal, ekonomik ve kültürel tarih araştırmalarının önemli kaynakları haline getirmiştir. Tanzimat Dönemi Diyarbekir’deki Gayrimüslim tebaaya ait tereke kayıtlarındaki verilerin ışığında hazırlanan bu çalışmada Gayrimüslimlerin aile yapısı incelenmiştir. Bu dönemde Diyarbekir’de ikamet eden Ermeni, Süryani, Keldani ve Rum toplumunun evlilik tipleri, medeni durumları, yerleşim birimleri, çocuk sayıları ve bunun sahip oldukları servetleri ile ilişkileri gibi konular ele alınmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda gayrimüslimlerin tereke paylaşımı noktasında şer’i mahkemeye başvurdukları, daha çok şehir merkezinde yaşadıkları, çok eşli evlilik yapmadıkları ve aile başına ortalama 4,78 çocuğa sahip oldukları bilgisine ulaşılmıştır. Çalışmada, Cumhurbaşkanlığı Osmanlı Arşivi’nden temin edilen ve Diyarbekir’in Tanzimat Dönemine ait olan 280, 281, 293, 296, 297, 308, 353, 377 ve 576 numaralı tereke defterlerindeki 109 Gayrimüslim şahsın tereke kayıtlarından yararlanılmıştır
The Phenomenon of Targumism in the Aramaic Version of the First and Second Books of Chronicles
Authors: Kuśmirek Anna
Published: January 2022

The main objective of the article is to show the features of the Aramaic translation of the First and the Second Books of Chronicles, which belongs to late Targums. The work presents the main data related to the authority, date and origin of the Targum and its manuscripts, as well as a review of major translation techniques and the method of rabbinic interpretation, which are all important elements of targumism. Linguistic changes, as well as cultural and religious ones, conditioned by various processes that occurred in the community of believers in YHWH over the centuries, were reflected in a variety of interpretative tendencies.
The Wisdom Encomium and Its Persuasive Function in the Book of Wisdom
Authors: Muszytowska Dorota
Published: January 2022

The Book of Wisdom is considered a coherent text characterised by genre syncretism. This article aims to examine the praise of wisdom in the Book of Wisdom for its persuasive functions. The encomium was used in the analysis as a typical genre of epideictic rhetoric. The text of the praise was analysed from the perspective of the features distinguishing this genre and determining its underlying structure. The analysis led to the conclusion that the author used the possibilities of the genre to teach the recipients what wisdom they should seek and to encourage them to take actions to achieve it. The encomium in the Book of Wisdom was subordinated to advisory rhetoric and is an essential element in the work’s structure.
The Book of Obadiah in the Septuagint
Authors: Strzałkowska Barbara
Published: January 2022

The Book of Obadiah, although short (it has only 21 verses; the shortest in the Hebrew Bible), is at the same time very difficult. The difficulties are manifested in its linguistic and textual layers, but above all in what concerns its content, theology and interpretation. The Greek translation of Obad contained in the LXX is particularly important because it represents a way of understanding the Book going back to pre-Christian, Hellenistic times, which strongly emphasised the theme of threats to Israel from other nations. In the Greek translation (LXXObad), the cursing character of the Book is radicalised and the guilt of the enemies (Edomites – Idumeans) is highlighted. The article presents the Book of Obadiah in its historical context (both the Hebrew original and the Greek version), and presents its text, content and character in the Septuagint version. It compares it with LXXJer 29 (LXX numbering) and shows how the challenging theology of the Book was understood among the Jews of Hellenistic Alexandria. The universalisation of the message of the Book by the LXX translation was later continued in its patristic and rabbinic interpretations.
The Eucharistic Presence and Making Christ Present in the Word of God: A Study Inspired by the Views of Robert Sokolowski
Authors: Zatwardnicki Sławomir
Published: January 2022

Robert Sokolowski wrote that biblical words activate the presence of God. But can we speak of the “sacramentality of the word” analogous to the sacrament itself? This paper collects reflections on the “making present” of the word of God intra mysteriorum celebrationem. This issue is related to the theme of the relationship between past and present in the Eucharist, which was dealt with by Sokolowski. The article summarizes this philosopher’s views on the Eucharistic presence, in dialogue with which it then reflects on the presence of Christ in the word of God. From the “Passover-centricity” of the Holy Scriptures stems a kind of making present the anticipatory self-giving of God in the events to which the inspired texts testify. The liturgy of the word must lead to the climactic event of Passover and its sacramental making present. There can be no question of “two presences” of the Lord at Mass. The words of institution from the Last Supper have a role in the actualization of the Passover, while the inspired words are not in the same way “instituting” words. It is only in their inner orientation that they lead to the mystery of Christ present in the Blessed Sacrament.
The Teaching of Pope Francis About Synodality in the Context of Contemporary Theological and Ecumenical Reflection
Authors: Bujak Janusz
Published: January 2022

The article deals with the ecclesiology of the local Church and synodality. Both topics have been present in Catholic theology since the time of the Second Vatican Council, which laid the foundation for the ecclesiology of the local/particular Church, collegiality of bishops and synodality. This ecclesiology was developed both theoretically and practically in the post-conciliar period, but there are some theologians who believe that during the pontificate of John Paul II there was a return to the universalist ecclesiology, as evidenced by the documents published by the Roman Curia, especially Communionis notio. Pope’s Francis teaching on synodality and strengthening the Church at local and regional levels addresses the demands of those theologians who believe that Chapter III of the Lumen Gentium Constitution has not yet been properly implemented. The Pope emphasizes, that synodality is a constitutive dimension of the Church and therefore what the Lord is asking of us is already in some sense fully present in the word “synod” itself.
Zagrożenia środowiska wynikające z nadmiernej konsumpcji
Authors: Strzyżewska Dorota
Published: January 2022

Results o f excessive consumption that have been presented in article can be expected and some have been already observad. Interpreted development o f mankind has caused it erroneously, that person corrects nature, it interferes in to its her right and secrets, there is that in environment natural destroying. That capability o f influence causes on whole planet, that there to be guilty interactive activity o f person programed prudently. Human is first biological sort on earth, which is  modify whole surface of planet to manner deep able very and global.
Thomas Berry - prorok ery ekozoicznej
Authors: Sadowski Ryszard F.
Published: January 2022

Streszczenie nie jest dostępne.
Odpowiedzialność za przyszłe pokolenia we współczesnej filozofii
Authors: Czekalski Rafał
Published: January 2022

W pierwszej części przybliżamy koncepcję etyczną H. Jonasa, który odniósł się do przyszłości jako decydującego paradygmatu swojego myślenia filozoficznego. W drugim punkcie rozważane jest pytanie, czy w teorii kontraktualistycznej można wysunąć na pierwszy plan interesy przyszłych pokoleń. Trzeci punkt odzwierciedla przyszłe odniesienie w dyskursie i etyce odpowiedzialności D. Birnbachera. A ostatni punkt mówi nam, czym jest GenEhtics. Jest to zupełnie nowa dyscyplina badająca warunki, w których możliwy jest nowy świat. Przedmiotem badania jest potencjalny człowiek i potencjalny świat.
land access and conflict issues of tribal peoples in Bodoland territorial region of Assam, India
Authors: Brahma Ashok , Mushahary Jhanin
Published: January 2022

Inequitable land access and land disputes are commonly mentioned as major causes of instability in the Bodoland region. Land problems are frequently invoked as a more potent debating tactic in conflict. For tribals in the region, land reform, ownership, registry, legal pluralism, boundary difficulties, landlessness, insecure land usage, and other associated issues are all major concerns. Major land legislation has failed to significantly reduce the number of major land disputes in the region. The British Colonial rule in India created substantial disruptions to land practises and possessions, which are still felt today in various regions of the country and in Northeast India, notably Assam. It's clear that the land issue is still relevant and active.
O Arquivo Sousa Lobato uma família de cortesãos na viragem do século XIX
Authors: Costa Margarida Maria Lobato
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this article is to show the archive of a noble family, theSousa Lobato Archive (ASL). This archive was recently discovered and it is composed of documents from the last quarter of the 18thcentury to the beginning of the 20thcentury, namely: official documents of royal mercy (permits, letters, ordinances and decrees) referring to nominations for palatine positions, attributions of honorary qualifications in Religious and Military Orders, granting of rights (landlords, agricultural land) and the exercise of functions in official institutions of the Kingdom (customs, ombudsmen of Districts) and also documental processes related to granted properties and some epistolary correspondence. Thus, we will proceed with the description of the reorganization and classification of the documentation. The archive was also fundamental for the reconstitution of the family past, whose protagonists were part of the courtesan society at the end of the Ancien Régime -the reign of D. Maria I and regency/reign of D. João VI until the Liberal Revolution.
Os acervos documentais produzidos pelas comissões da verdade no Brasil onde estão hoje?
Authors: Tenaglia Mônica , Rodrigues Georgete Medleg
Published: January 2022

This paper provides the work of identifying and locating the archives produced by twenty truth commissions created in Brazil between 2012 and 2018. To do so, it uses the final reports and virtual pages of the commissions, the electronic citizen information service (e-SIC) and state and municipal ombudsmen and contact with former truth commission members. The results show the difficulty in locating these collections due to the lack of information about Brazilian truth commissions and the lack of information about the presence of these collections in archival institutions. Furthermore, it points to a worrying scenario regarding the protection and disclosure of archival collections which hold information about human rights violations in Brazil.
Mediação Cultural no contexto Francês trajetória histórica e evolução
Authors: Rasteli Alessandro
Published: January 2022

In contemporary logics, the concept of mediation gains prominence by its centrality in social interactions and symbolic mediations, becoming understood as an inherent process in all the work of the information professional. In view of this, the goal is to describe the trajectory of cultural mediation in France, observing its emergence, historyand evolution. The study hasa qualitative approach, of descriptive type, adopting the bibliographical research method. At first, cultural mediation was associated with book mediators and museum environments. Currently, its emergence in the French context is associated tocultural and artistic issues between information and culture and public institutions in order to reduce social fractures marked by social exclusion.
A materialidade e a institucionalidade da informação possíveis contribuições para a noção de documento na Arquivologia
Authors: Gonçalves Caio Fabio Moreira , Santos Junior Edmilson Alves dos , Lima Graziela dos Santos , Veronez Wilson Roberto
Published: January 2022

We will discuss in the article the notion of document in Archivology and Information Science. To this end, this study aims to describe the possible contributions that the materiality and institutionality of information can offer to the archival document. The methodology was based on a literature review and analysis of it in the field of archivology, making the exploratory research critical and reflective.Thus, in a preliminary way, the article sought to present the perspectives and contributions of the materiality and institutionality of the information to the documentand to relate it to the notionof document in archivology.
Does Physical Disability Affect Children's Choice of Toys?
Authors: Ateş Beşirik Selda , Türkmen Ayşe Sonay
Published: January 2022

Aim:This research was carried out to determine the factors affecting the toy selection of physically handicapped children.
Material and Method:19 children, 19 mothers and 10 teachers participated in this study, which used a qualitative research design. The 'Data Collection Form' consisting of similar questions about the toy was collected through structured interviews. The researcher interviewed the child, mother and teacher separately and alone. While analyzing the sociodemographic characteristics of the data, frequency, mean, standard deviation were used.
Results:When the answers given to the "toy definition" in the research were examined, the children emphasized that the toy should be "fun", while mothers and teachers emphasized that it was "useful", "educative and instructive". When the answers given to the 'toy selection' are examined, it is seen that the children's should be 'color' and 'of their own will', and that should be 'chosen by the children', 'quality and healthy', 'appropriate for their age', 'inexpensive' and 'according to the disability' by mothers and teachers. determined. When the responses to the 'toy perception' were analyzed, it was emphasized that children should be 'gender-specific', while mothers and teachers should not be 'non-gender-specific'. When the answers given to the "added information about the toy" were examined, it was determined that the children should be toys "according to my mobility and disability" and that the mothers should be "more development toys for the physically disabled".
Conclusion:In this study, it was found that the toy selection of children with physical disabilities affected the toy selection of children, especially mothers.
Występowanie i znaczenie terminu „róg” w Biblii
Authors: Bogacz Roman
Published: January 2022

„Róg” w Piśmie Świętym w dosłownym sensie oznacza róg zwierzęcia i wyraża jego siłę i moc. Tym samym terminem w Starym Testamencie określa się rogi ołtarza całopaleń i ołtarza kadzenia symbolizujące obecność Boga, u którego azyl może znaleźć nawet zabójca, i uchwyciwszy się rogów ołtarza – uzyskać ułaskawienie. Niektóre teksty używają terminu „róg” w znaczeniu naczynia na oliwę służącą do namaszczenia ludzi wybranych do pełnienia ważnych funkcji w Izraelu. Osoba namaszczona stawała się pomazańcem Pańskim. Mogła wtedy spełniać funkcję króla, kapłana lub proroka. Funkcje te wypełniała w imieniu Boga Jahwe. „Róg” może oznaczać też wkroczenie wielkiej Bożej mocy. Tak było w przypadku zdobywania Jerycha, gdy naród głośno zakrzyknął, a kapłani zagrali na rogach. Opis zdobycia murów Jerycha ma znaczenie teologiczne. Boża moc sprawiła rozsypanie się murów warownego miasta. Obraz procesji i dęcia w rogi został sformułowany przez redaktora kapłańskiego i podkreśla znaczenie kultyczne opisanych obrzędów. Istotne znaczenie posiada użycie terminu „róg” w pieśni Anny w 1 Sm 2, 1. 10. Tworzy on inkluzję obejmującą ten kantyk. Na początku pieśni słowa „róg mój” można odczytać w znaczeniu męskiego potomka Anny – Samuela, zaś na końcu jest mowa o „rogu mesjasza”. To właśnie Samuel namaścił Dawida na króla, którego potomkiem w sensie prorockim będzie obiecany Mesjasz. Zachariasz opowiada o Nim przy obrzezaniu Jana Chrzciciela. Wciąż otwartą kwestią pozostaje tłumaczenie wyrażenia κέρας σωτηρίας. Czy przekładać je dosłownie jako „róg zbawienia”, czy raczej jako „moc zbawczą”? Wydaje się, że dosłowne tłumaczenie jest bogatsze w treść i daje głębsze zrozumienie przekazywanych prawd. W literaturze apokaliptycznej termin „róg” symbolizuje różne złe moce, które występują przeciwko Bogu i człowiekowi. Niektóre wystąpienia terminu „róg” symbolizują walkę władców ziemskich z ludem Bożym, a nawet z samym Bogiem. Apokaliptyka jednak pokazuje, że w końcowej walce zawsze zwycięża Bóg, który przewyższa swą mocą siły zła.
Do poor environmental conditions drive trachoma transmission in Burundi? A mathematical modelling study
Authors: Ndisabiye Desire , Waters Edward , Gore Russell , Sidhu Harvinder
Published: January 2022

Trachoma is an infectious disease and it is the leading cause of preventable blindness worldwide. To achieve its elimination, the World Health Organization set a goal of reducing the prevalence in endemic areas to less than 55% by 2020, utilizing the SAFE (surgery, antibiotics, facial cleanliness, environmental improvement) strategy. However, in Burundi, trachoma prevalences of greater than 55% are still reported in 11 districts and it is hypothesized that this is due to the poor implementation of the environmental improvement factor of the SAFE strategy. In this paper, a model based on an ordinary differential equation, which includes an environmental transmission component, is developed and analysed. The model is calibrated to recent field data and is used to estimate the reductions in trachoma that would have occurred if adequate environmental improvements were implemented in Burundi. Given the assumptions in the model, it is clear that environmental improvement should be considered as a key component of the SAFE strategy and, hence, it is crucial for eliminating trachoma in Burundi. 
doi:10.1017/S1446181121000389
Ideal planar fluid flow over a submerged obstacle: Review and extension
Authors: Forbes Larry K. , Walters Stephen J. , Hocking Graeme C.
Published: January 2022

A classical problem in free-surface hydrodynamics concerns flow in a channel, when an obstacle is placed on the bottom. Steady-state flows exist and may adopt one of three possible configurations, depending on the fluid speed and the obstacle height; perhaps the best known has an apparently uniform flow upstream of the obstacle, followed by a semiinfinite train of downstream gravity waves. When time-dependent behaviour is taken into account, it is found that conditions upstream of the obstacle are more complicated, however, and can include a train of upstream-advancing solitons. This paper gives a critical overview of these concepts, and also presents a new semianalytical spectral method for the numerical description of unsteady behaviour.
doi:10.1017/S1446181121000341
Development of Deep Learning Models for Predicting In-Hospital Mortality Using an Administrative Claims Database: Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Matsui Hiroki , Yamana Hayato , Fushimi Kiyohide , Yasunaga Hideo
Published: January 2022

Background

Administrative claims databases have been used widely in studies because they have large sample sizes and are easily available. However, studies using administrative databases lack information on disease severity, so a risk adjustment method needs to be developed.

Objective

We aimed to develop and validate deep learning–based prediction models for in-hospital mortality of acute care patients.

Methods

The main model was developed using only administrative claims data (age, sex, diagnoses, and procedures on the day of admission). We also constructed disease-specific models for acute myocardial infarction, heart failure, stroke, and pneumonia using common severity indices for these diseases. Using the Japanese Diagnosis Procedure Combination data from July 2010 to March 2017, we identified 46,665,933 inpatients and divided them into derivation and validation cohorts in a ratio of 95:5. The main model was developed using a 9-layer deep neural network with 4 hidden dense layers that had 1000 nodes and were fully connected to adjacent layers. We evaluated model discrimination ability by an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and calibration ability by calibration plot.

Results

Among the eligible patients, 2,005,035 (4.3%) died. Discrimination and calibration of the models were satisfactory. The AUC of the main model in the validation cohort was 0.954 (95% CI 0.954-0.955). The main model had higher discrimination ability than the disease-specific models.

Conclusions

Our deep learning–based model using diagnoses and procedures produced valid predictions of in-hospital mortality.
Domain-Specific Common Data Elements for Rare Disease Registration: Conceptual Approach of a European Joint Initiative Toward Semantic Interoperability in Rare Disease Research
Authors: Abaza Haitham , Kadioglu Dennis , Martin Simona , Papadopoulou Andri , dos Santos Vieira Bruna , Schaefer Franz , Storf Holger
Published: January 2022

Background

With hundreds of registries across Europe, rare diseases (RDs) suffer from fragmented knowledge, expertise, and research. A joint initiative of the European Commission Joint Research Center and its European Platform on Rare Disease Registration (EU RD Platform), the European Reference Networks (ERNs), and the European Joint Programme on Rare Diseases (EJP RD) was launched in 2020. The purpose was to extend the set of common data elements (CDEs) for RD registration by defining domain-specific CDEs (DCDEs).

Objective

This study aims to introduce and assess the feasibility of the concept of a joint initiative that unites the efforts of the European Platform on Rare Disease Registration Platform, ERNs, and European Joint Programme on Rare Diseases toward extending RD CDEs, aiming to improve the semantic interoperability of RD registries and enhance the quality of RD research.

Methods

A joint conference was conducted in December 2020. All 24 ERNs were invited. Before the conference, a survey was communicated to all ERNs, proposing 18 medical domains and requesting them to identify highly relevant choices. After the conference, a 3-phase plan for defining and modeling DCDEs was drafted. Expected outcomes included harmonized lists of DCDEs.

Results

All ERNs attended the conference. The survey results indicated that genetic, congenital, pediatric, and cancer were the most overlapping domains. Accordingly, the proposed list was reorganized into 10 domain groups and recommunicated to all ERNs, aiming at a smaller number of domains.

Conclusions

The approach described for defining DCDEs appears to be feasible. However, it remains dynamic and should be repeated regularly based on arising research needs.
Panic Attack Prediction Using Wearable Devices and Machine Learning: Development and Cohort Study
Authors: Tsai Chan-Hen , Chen Pei-Chen , Liu Ding-Shan , Kuo Ying-Ying , Hsieh Tsung-Ting , Chiang Dai-Lun , Lai Feipei , Wu Chia-Tung
Published: January 2022

Background

A panic attack (PA) is an intense form of anxiety accompanied by multiple somatic presentations, leading to frequent emergency department visits and impairing the quality of life. A prediction model for PAs could help clinicians and patients monitor, control, and carry out early intervention for recurrent PAs, enabling more personalized treatment for panic disorder (PD).

Objective

This study aims to provide a 7-day PA prediction model and determine the relationship between a future PA and various features, including physiological factors, anxiety and depressive factors, and the air quality index (AQI).

Methods

We enrolled 59 participants with PD (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition, and the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview). Participants used smartwatches (Garmin Vívosmart 4) and mobile apps to collect their sleep, heart rate (HR), activity level, anxiety, and depression scores (Beck Depression Inventory [BDI], Beck Anxiety Inventory [BAI], State-Trait Anxiety Inventory state anxiety [STAI-S], State-Trait Anxiety Inventory trait anxiety [STAI-T], and Panic Disorder Severity Scale Self-Report) in their real life for a duration of 1 year. We also included AQIs from open data. To analyze these data, our team used 6 machine learning methods: random forests, decision trees, linear discriminant analysis, adaptive boosting, extreme gradient boosting, and regularized greedy forests.

Results

For 7-day PA predictions, the random forest produced the best prediction rate. Overall, the accuracy of the test set was 67.4%-81.3% for different machine learning algorithms. The most critical variables in the model were questionnaire and physiological features, such as the BAI, BDI, STAI, MINI, average HR, resting HR, and deep sleep duration.

Conclusions

It is possible to predict PAs using a combination of data from questionnaires and physiological and environmental data.
The Application and Comparison of Machine Learning Models for the Prediction of Breast Cancer Prognosis: Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Xiao Jialong , Mo Miao , Wang Zezhou , Zhou Changming , Shen Jie , Yuan Jing , He Yulian , Zheng Ying
Published: January 2022

Background

Over the recent years, machine learning methods have been increasingly explored in cancer prognosis because of the appearance of improved machine learning algorithms. These algorithms can use censored data for modeling, such as support vector machines for survival analysis and random survival forest (RSF). However, it is still debated whether traditional (Cox proportional hazard regression) or machine learning-based prognostic models have better predictive performance.

Objective

This study aimed to compare the performance of breast cancer prognostic prediction models based on machine learning and Cox regression.

Methods

This retrospective cohort study included all patients diagnosed with breast cancer and subsequently hospitalized in Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center between January 1, 2008, and December 31, 2016. After all exclusions, a total of 22,176 cases with 21 features were eligible for model development. The data set was randomly split into a training set (15,523 cases, 70%) and a test set (6653 cases, 30%) for developing 4 models and predicting the overall survival of patients diagnosed with breast cancer. The discriminative ability of models was evaluated by the concordance index (C-index), the time-dependent area under the curve, and D-index; the calibration ability of models was evaluated by the Brier score.

Results

The RSF model revealed the best discriminative performance among the 4 models with 3-year, 5-year, and 10-year time-dependent area under the curve of 0.857, 0.838, and 0.781, a D-index of 7.643 (95% CI 6.542, 8.930) and a C-index of 0.827 (95% CI 0.809, 0.845). The statistical difference of the C-index was tested, and the RSF model significantly outperformed the Cox-EN (elastic net) model (C-index 0.816, 95% CI 0.796, 0.836; P=.01), the Cox model (C-index 0.814, 95% CI 0.794, 0.835; P=.003), and the support vector machine model (C-index 0.812, 95% CI 0.793, 0.832; P<.001). The 4 models’ 3-year, 5-year, and 10-year Brier scores were very close, ranging from 0.027 to 0.094 and less than 0.1, which meant all models had good calibration. In the context of feature importance, elastic net and RSF both indicated that TNM staging, neoadjuvant therapy, number of lymph node metastases, age, and tumor diameter were the top 5 important features for predicting the prognosis of breast cancer. A final online tool was developed to predict the overall survival of patients with breast cancer.

Conclusions

The RSF model slightly outperformed the other models on discriminative ability, revealing the potential of the RSF method as an effective approach to building prognostic prediction models in the context of survival analysis.
A Free, Open-Source, Offline Digital Health System for Refugee Care
Authors: Ashworth Henry , Ebrahim Senan , Ebrahim Hassaan , Bhaiwala Zahra , Chilazi Michael
Published: January 2022

Background

Rise of conflict, extreme weather events, and pandemics have led to larger displaced populations worldwide. Displaced populations have unique acute and chronic health needs that must be met by low-resource health systems. Electronic health records (EHRs) have been shown to improve health outcomes in displaced populations, but need to be adapted to meet the constraints of these health systems.

Objective

The aim of this viewpoint is to describe the development and deployment of an EHR designed to care for displaced populations in low-resource settings.

Methods

Using a human-centered design approach, we conducted in-depth interviews and focus groups with patients, health care providers, and administrators in Lebanon and Jordan to identify the essential EHR features. These features, including modular workflows, multilingual interfaces, and offline-first capabilities, led to the development of the Hikma Health EHR, which has been deployed in Lebanon and Nicaragua.

Results

We report the successes and challenges from 12 months of Hikma Health EHR deployment in a mobile clinic providing care to Syrian refugees in Bekaa Valley, Lebanon. Successes include the EHR’s ability to (1) increase clinical efficacy by providing detailed patient records, (2) be adaptable to the threats of COVID-19, and (3) improve organizational planning. Lessons learned include technical fixes to methods of identifying patients through name or their medical record ID.

Conclusions

As the number of displaced people continues to rise globally, it is imperative that solutions are created to help maximize the health care they receive. Free, open-sourced, and adaptable EHRs can enable organizations to better provide for displaced populations.
Impact of a Long Lockdown on Mental Health and the Role of Media Use: Web-Based Survey Study (Preprint)
Authors: Grygarová Dominika , Adámek Petr , Juríčková Veronika , Horáček Jiří , Bakštein Eduard , Fajnerová Iveta , Kesner Ladislav
Published: January 2022

BACKGROUND

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the Czech population experienced a second lockdown lasting for about half a year, restricting free movement and imposing social isolation. However, it is not known whether the impact of this long lockdown resulted in habituation to the adverse situation or in the traumatization of the Czech population, and whether the media and specific media use contributed to these effects.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to elucidate the effect of the long lockdown on the mental health of the Czech population, and the role of exposure to COVID-19 news reports and specific forms of media news use in mental health.

METHODS

We conducted two consecutive surveys in the early (November 2020) and late (March/April 2021) phases of the nationwide lockdown on the same nationally representative group of Czech adults (N=1777) participating in a longitudinal panel study.

RESULTS

Our findings showed that the self-reported symptoms of anxiety and depression increased in the second observation period, confirming the negative effect of the pandemic lockdown as it unfolded, suggesting that restrictive measures and continuous exposure to a collective stressor did not result in the strengthening of resilience but rather in ongoing traumatization. The results also suggest a negative role of the media’s coverage of the COVID-19 pandemic in mental health during the early, and particularly late, phases of the lockdown. Furthermore, we found several risk and protective factors of specific media news use. The media practice in news consumption connected to social media use was the strongest predictor of exacerbated mental health symptoms, particularly in the late phase of the lockdown. Moreover, news media use characterized by internalization of information learned from the news, as well as negative attitudes toward media news, were associated with higher levels of anxiety and depression. Conversely, the use of infotainment, together with an in-depth and contextual style of reading news articles, were related to improvement of mental health.

CONCLUSIONS

Our study showed that the long lockdown resulted in traumatization rather than habituation, and in more pronounced effects (both negative and positive) of media use in mental health.
Application of Box Behnken Design and Response Surface Methodology for Optimization Sonication Conditions of Nanostructured Lipid Carrier from Mixtures of Palm Stearin and Palm Olein
Authors: Akbartina Solikah
Published: January 2022

The study aimed to determine the optimum conditions of the sonication in the manufacture of nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC). Nanostructured lipid carriers were developed using a mixture of palm stearin and palm olein, water, and tween as surfactants. Optimization was carried out to obtain nanostructured lipid carriers with a size below 200nm, zeta potential + 30 mV, and polydispersity index below 0.5.

Optimization of NLC using response surface methodology and Box-Behnken experimental design. The independent variables were amplitude (A, kHz), pulse on pulse off (B, minute), and time of sonication (C, minute) each at three levels, while dependent variables were zeta potential (Y1, mV), particle size (Y2, nm), and polydispersity index (Y3). Measurement for dependent variables using the Zetasizer Nano ZS particle size analyzer utilized with Malvern software (Malvern, UK).

The optimum formulation was obtained at a combination of amplitude (35 kHz), pulse on pulse off (pulse on 9 pulses off 3), and time of sonication (3 minutes 25 seconds ). This resulted in NLC having particle size 127.9 nm, polydispersity index 0.191, the zeta potential of -27.3 mV.
Medication Nonadherence: Implications for patient health outcomes in pharmacy practice
Authors: AL-TEMIMI AHMED ALAA , Krishnan Sunanthiny , Kaur Sandhu Anisha , Sajid Ali Bangash Nida
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT

Objectives: The primary objective of this review is (1) to better understand the prevalence and impact of medication nonadherence, (2) to identify risk factors for medication nonadherence, (3) to understand the association between nonadherence and its implications on patient health outcomes in pharmacy practice, and (4) to study interventions designed to improve patient adherence to prescribed medications for medical conditions, considering its impact on both medication adherence and patient health outcomes.

 

Methods: Published journal articles were manually sorted. Additional references were obtained from citations within the retrieved articles. This review surveyed the findings of the identified articles with data extracted to presents various strategies and resources on medication nonadherence related to patients and healthcare providers. English languages were considered inclusion criteria in reviewing published articles related to medication nonadherence. This review also surveyed identified articles to determine both subjective and objective medication adherence measures.

Key findings: The research in this field needs advances, including improved design of feasible long‐term interventions, objective adherence measures, and sufficient study power to detect improvements in patient health outcomes.

 

Conclusion:

Current methods of improving medication adherence for chronic health problems are mostly complex and ineffective so full benefits of treatment cannot be realized. To date, monitoring of patient medication adherence and use of interventions to improve adherence are rare in routine clinical practice.
Clinical Characteristics and Severity Profile of COVID-19 Patient with Hypertension in Palu, Central Sulawesi
Authors: Faustine Ingrid , Malik Amarila , Andrajati Retnosari , Wanandi Septelia Inawati
Published: January 2022

Corona virus infection (COVID-19) is still an unsolved problem in Indonesia until this year. Apart from Java, other islands, including Sulawesi, were also badly affected. The very high mortality rate in Central Sulawesi (3.36%) poses a challenge for health workers; therefore, they should be well informed and with up-to-date information about correct therapeutic decisions. One of the most common comorbidities that often occurs with the severity and mortality of COVID-19 is hypertension. This study aims to determine the clinical characteristics and severity profile and their relationship with the mortality rate of COVID-19 patients with hypertension in Palu, Central Sulawesi. A total of 185 data on COVID-19 patients undergoing treatment at the Palu City Hospital during 2021 and meeting the criteria were recruited as research samples. Patients were divided into two categories, hypertensive (43%) and non-hypertensive (57%). The results showed that the age group, comorbid diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular, blood pressure, and blood glucose levels showed a significant relationship between the two groups (p < 0.05). The median length of stay was 12 days, with conditions leading to discharge (83%) and death (17%); patients who died were hospitalized in moderate and severe clinical conditions. Age group, liver function, and kidney function were positively correlated with severity and mortality. However, hypertension did not show a significant relationship with the severity and mortality of COVID-19 patients.
Estabilidad e inestabilidad políticas en las LXII y LXIV Legislaturas mexicanas, desde la perspectiva de la teoría de juegos
Authors: Larios Ferrer José Leonel
Published: January 2022

La presente investigación analiza la estabilidad política dentro de dos legislaturas mexicanas recientes desde un enfoque de teoría de juegos. Para lo anterior, se desarrolla teoría propia en el campo de la Nueva Economía Política (NEP), para aplicarla posteriormente al estudio de dichas legislaturas utilizando datos de la Gaceta Parlamentaria y simulaciones en Scilab. La formulación de los distintos juegos dinámicos y el índice de estabilidad política derivado de los mismos permitió encontrar una estabilidad política débil según la manera en que se votaron las reformas estructurales discutidas en la LXII Legislatura de la Cámara de Diputados (CDD). Por otra parte, para la LXIV Legislatura se prevé una estabilidad baja y alta en los escenarios no cooperativo y cooperativo, respectivamente. Los modelos propuestos representan una nueva aproximación de medir la estabilidad política con un grado de complejidad matemática que desemboca en un índice de estabilidad muy compacto. Se comprueba que elementos como el ausentismo, el abstencionismo y la traición política entre los partidos y coaliciones pueden definir la estabilidad política dentro de una legislatura y con ello permitir o no la aprobación de los distintos acuerdos.
La reforma laboral mexicana en marcha: el caso de General Motors-Silao
Authors: Ocampo Merlo Rodrigo Eduardo
Published: January 2022

La presente investigación tiene como objetivo reconstruir la manera en que la reforma a la ley laboral de 2019 se hizo concreta tomando como referencia el proceso de legitimación del contrato colectivo de los trabajadores de la planta de General Motors ubicada en el municipio de Silao, Guanajuato en México. Para dicha tarea fue necesario exponer los antecedentes que dieron origen a la nueva regulación del trabajo y el peso que en ella tuvo la renegociación del T-MEC. Un cambio en la ley que implicó modificar la configuración corporativa de las relaciones laborales que han dado sostén al modelo productivo toyotista precario mexicano. El estudio permitió identificar que las exigencias normativas en materia de democracia sindical y respeto a la libre asociación no se incorporaron de manera mecánica a las prácticas, su operatividad estuvo sujeta a presiones estructurales, mediaciones subjetivas y experienciales, y a la formación de acciones colectivas que disputaron el control de la representación de los trabajadores. La investigación siguió una estrategia etnográfica digital que se complementó con el análisis de fuentes oficiales y secundarias.
Dinámica intrarregional del T-MEC y el departamento de Santander en el periodo 2015-2020
Authors: Ramírez Montañez Julio Cesar , Sarmiento Suarez Jaime Enrique , Valero Córdoba Gladys Mireya
Published: January 2022

El propósito de este artículo fue presentar los aspectos más importantes del comercio intrarregional de los bienes con mayor dinámica en las exportaciones e importaciones del departamento de Santander, en el periodo 2015-2020. La metodología implementada se basó en la aplicación de los indicadores de dinámica comercial y posicionamiento competitivo proporcionados por la Comisión Económica para América Latina. Dentro de los principales hallazgos se puede destacar que Estados Unidos fue el principal destino de las exportaciones de Santander dentro del T-MEC, en el periodo 2015-2020. El sector minero energético fue el de mayor vocación exportadora. La dinámica exportadora del departamento hacia el mercado del T-MEC estuvo liderada por la partida arancelaria correspondiente a aceites crudos de petróleo, mostrando una alta dependencia del comercio exterior santandereano de productos minero-energéticos. En cuanto a las importaciones se encontró que Estados Unidos es la principal fuente de las importaciones de Santander. La dinámica importadora del departamento estuvo liderada por las partidas arancelarias de productos agrícolas. La más importante es la correspondiente a maíz duro amarillo proveniente de los países del T-MEC.
Endogenización como mecanismo evolutivo para la transformación digital de las pymes de turismo de naturaleza
Authors: Rodriguez Luna Raúl Enrique , Rosenstiehl Martinez José Luis
Published: January 2022

El propósito del presente artículo es endogenizar la transformación digital en las PYMES de turismo de naturaleza en el departamento del Magdalena-Colombia, de aquí en adelante denominada región, en este sentido, el concepto de endogenización como mecanismo evolutivo hace referencia a la aplicación del modelo de elección discreta, como motor de análisis para las variables que se estudiarán dentro del modelo. El tipo de estudio fue cuantitativo, de nivel correlacional, la muestra fue de 386 agentes de la cadena turística; para la recolección de datos se utilizó un instrumento tipo encuesta con cinco factores, la escala utilizada tipo Likert. Para la extracción de los factores se utilizó el análisis factorial confirmatorio, utilizando ecuaciones estructurales, seguidamente se corre un modelo de elección discreta y posteriormente el análisis de los resultados. Entre los principales hallazgos se tienen que, las PYMES en la cadena turística que intentaron incorporar actividades de Big Data en los procesos de toma de decisiones, tienen mayores posibilidades de éxito en la transformación digital, además, se encontró evidencia estadística que sostiene que, la formación del personal en Data Science, contribuye significativamente con los procesos de Marketing y comercialización dentro de la PYME en esta región.
Conocimiento del estudiante universitario emprendedor sobre la franquicia: el caso de una institución de educación superior en Colombia
Authors: Gómez Miranda Oscar Mauricio
Published: January 2022

El presente estudio buscó identificar el conocimiento del estudiante frente a la franquicia, a partir de la aplicación de una encuesta en una muestra compuesta de estudiantes de toda Colombia, pertenecientes a la Corporación Unificada Nacional de Educación Superior (CUN), por lo que involucró un caso de estudio. La metodología de la investigación comprendió un enfoque cuantitativo y de diseño exploratorio. Se halló como resultados, que el estudiante tiene un conocimiento bajo sobre el modelo de la franquicia para emprender, además, los participantes tienen una predilección por conocer a la franquicia desde la institución de educación superior, y de igual forma, si decidieran invertir en el modelo de franquicia, los sectores preferidos serían el sector tecnológico y el gastronómico. Finalmente, la universidad al ser un espacio que fomenta el análisis y el estudio desde la transversalidad debe ofrecer opciones sobre las diferentes formas de emprender, que potencialice al estudiante y de diversidad al discurso del emprendedor.
Uso de internet y mercado laboral: evidencia de la búsqueda de empleo en Ecuador 2018-2019
Authors: López Alba Andrea , Botello Peñaloza Héctor Alberto
Published: January 2022

El uso de internet permite realizar ahora diferentes actividades que antes se realizaban personalmente, incrementando así la productividad y el crecimiento económico de los países. Sin embargo, es indispensable poseer conocimientos necesarios para asociar su uso con actividades productivas en la sociedad. El presente documento investiga cuál es la efectividad del uso de la internet en la búsqueda de empleo en el mercado laboral ecuatoriano. El diseño metodológico incorpora un modelo de elección discreta que involucra como variable de tratamiento el método de búsqueda de empleo y como variables de control las características socioeconómicas de los individuos, esto sobre la probabilidad de encontrar trabajo. La investigación emplea los microdatos de la Encuesta Nacional de Empleo, Desempleo y Subempleo (ENEMDU) recopilados por el Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Censos de Ecuador (INEC) en los años 2018 y 2019. Los principales resultados sugieren que la búsqueda de oportunidades laborales a través del internet incrementa la probabilidad de encontrar empleo en un 3%. Igualmente se encuentra que el género, los niveles educativos, edad, estrato y localización geográfica del trabajador impactan de manera significativa la probabilidad de encontrar empleo.
Revisión sistemática: situación actual de la personalidad de marca para el posicionamiento estratégico
Authors: Cruz Tarrillo Jose Joel , Haro Zea Karla Liliana , Soria Quijaite Juan Jesús
Published: January 2022

El propósito de esta investigación es exponer el avance de la personalidad de marca (PM) para fines de posicionamiento estratégico (PE) cuyo análisis involucre herramientas, modelos y sectores económicos. La metodología utilizada es una revisión sistemática de la literatura con una ventana de observación de 2018 a 2021; los principales hallazgos muestran que el análisis de correspondencia y el mapeo perceptual son herramientas que permiten medir el PE. Las principales contribuciones fueron en el campo del turismo, deporte, educación, automotriz, mercado internacional, política, retail, comercio electrónico, productos de aseo personal, servicios portuarios, publicidad, bebidas y periodismo. Los modelos que han surgido son el BCP, modelo para deportistas y el modelo STPS que permiten mejorar el PE desde la teoría de la PM, así como propuestas innovadoras mediante el uso de nuevas herramientas como emojis, índices, cuadro de divergencia y minería de textos.