bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Opportunities and Advantages of Agricultural Reform and Opening up in Guinea
Authors: Youssouf Barry Ben , Cun-Feng Tan
Published: April 2022

Guinean agriculture has important assets that offer many opportunities to accelerate growth and create sustainable jobs in the agricultural sector. This potential has the ability both to ensure the food self-sufficiency of the Guinean population and to generate significant export revenues, especially thanks to the opportunities and advantages that pave the way for profitable investments because reforms bring added value. Identified as a priority growth sector along with those of energy and mining, agriculture has recently begun a trend towards diversification with the revival of several agricultural sectors. This vision is based first of all on a national situation of peace and prosperity supported by justice and solidarity between the various components of the Guinean nation, with a public administration at the service of agricultural development, characterized by values of good governance, a human capital conducive to the emergence, a national wealth equitably shared between the different socio-professional strata and between the territories of the nation, a sustainable living environment favorable to current and future generations and a significant and unanimously recognized contribution to the positive transformation of Guinean agriculture towards the rest of the world. It is in this logic that we demonstrate the opportunities and advantages of reforming and opening up agriculture in our country.
Cooperativism and the Democratization of Capitalism: Performance of the Business Segments Credit Unions and Banks in Brazil
Authors: França José Antonio de , Prado Gina Oka , Miranda Nazaré Sérgio Ricardo , Vieira Eduardo Tadeu , Pereira Clesia Camilo , Melo Mendes Paulo César de
Published: April 2022

This article presents the results of an empirical research investigating economic and financial information of the business segments Credit Cooperatives and Banks in Brazil’s financial industry, from 2014 to 2018, with the purpose of assessing which of the two segments has more productivity and performance and enables a contribution to the democratization of capitalism, based on specific indicators. Credit unions are anchors for social economy, they operate a hybrid business model that simultaneously fulfills the requirements of the secondary and tertiary sectors of the economy. Banks are institutions characterized as belonging to the secondary sector of the economy. The research methodology is positivist and non-parametric, supported by linear equations for calculating the productivity and performance indicators. The sample is made up of the 50 largest credit unions and the 50 largest banks, classified according to the criterion of each institution’s asset value, which represents 28.5% and 89.2% of the aggregate asset of each segment, respectively. The results obtained present robust evidence that the business segment Banks operates at a higher level of productivity, and the business sector Credit Cooperatives operates at a higher level of performance and contributes to the democratization of capitalism. The contributions made by this paper are relevant to the literature, and can aid in future investigations, with applications in segments with more diversity.
Acceptance of Advergames Design: A Critical Analysis from Cross-Cultural Aspect
Authors: Hanbazazah Alaa , Reeve Carlton
Published: April 2022

Culture influences people’s behavior—culture differentiates people of one group from those of another group as a system of patterns. To make an advergame acceptable to a culture it is essential to understand the cultural difference as people build perceptions according to the cultural values. The present study investigates the acceptance of advergames design in cross-cultural aspects. The study analyzed the advergames design from a cross-cultural perspective. It proposed that to be culturally more relevant. The advergame should work to make the visual interference of the game look more localized to impact the consumer. The product placement should also be carefully chosen as it will help the consumer recognize the brand.
Examining the Effect of Stock liquidity on the Relationship between Stock Split and Stock Market Performance
Authors: EzzElDin Ahmed , Wahba Hayam
Published: April 2022

The effect of stock liquidity on the relation between stock split and stock market performance is puzzling. This paper examines the factors that affect the relationship between stock split and stock market performance. The data are gathered from the Egyptian Stock Exchange listed companies, based on their market capitalization from all sectors in Egypt during 2010 to 2020. This event study employs multiple regression analysis. Liquidity is measured by volume and number of transactions. Announcement date is considered for stock split as independent variable. Also, firm size, split factor, Industry type as control variables have been tested in the model. The research is event study; The time window is based on twenty days and five days.

Results indicate that liquidity as moderator is positively affect the relationship between stock split and stock market performance for five- and twenty-days’ time windows. A robustness check has been performed for every regression model. Showing significant effect of liquidity as moderator, measured by volume of transactions, on the relationship for the sample period between 2010 and 2019 for twenty days’ time window.

Results support the easiness and enhancing the process of stock split. For example, Financial Regulator Authority could waive its approval for stock split to companies’ general assembly as the market would correct itself for disturbance in liquidity after stock split announcement. Also, Minimizing the number of companies that don't execute stock split affect the investors’ behavior which affects the relationship of stock split announcement and stock market performance.
EL SUDESTE DE ASIA EN LA AGENDA EXTERNA ARGENTINA: LA POLÍTICA EXTERIOR ARGENTINA HACIA LA REPÚBLICA SOCIALISTA DE VIETNAM (2006-2015)
Authors: Baroni Paola Andrea
Published: April 2022

Argentina ha intentado encontrar, en las últimas décadas, nuevas opciones de vinculación externa que le permitan disminuir su dependencia de mercados tradicionales como el brasilero, el europeo o el norteamericano. En este contexto, los mercados no tradicionales adquirieron una mayor relevancia dentro de su agenda comercial externa, evidenciándose a partir de distintas iniciativas como las llevadas a cabo hacia el Sudeste de Asia (SEA).El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar la política exterior argentina hacia Vietnam en los aspectos político-diplomático y económico-comercial, siendo este uno de los principales socios comerciales en la región asiática y una de sus economías más dinámica desde 2000. Su relevancia radica en que su participación en las exportaciones argentinas ha ido en aumento y en las diversas iniciativas gubernamentales de ambas partes —visitas oficiales, misiones comerciales, acuerdos—, para profundizar y expandir los vínculos. El análisis se centró desde 2006 —cuando comienza un crecimiento sostenido de las exportaciones— hasta 2015, haciendo un recuento de los eventos políticos y comerciales y analizando aquellos factores que han influido en dicho relacionamiento. El supuesto central es que las relaciones se han guiado por el eje comercial y las acciones de política exterior han acompañado dicho impulso. El diseño metodológico es descriptivo y la metodología cualitativa, con el objetivo de describir y analizar las acciones de política exterior. Se basa en fuentes principalmente secundarias, y la técnica ha sido la de análisis documental y la triangulación de datos. Como conclusión, puede indicarse que Vietnam tiene una gran potencialidad como socio de Argentina, pero la relación comercial asimétrica —superavitaria para Argentina— produce que el eje comercial siga siendo el rector de las vinculaciones. Aunque hay un interés hacia Vietnam, las acciones demuestran ser insuficientes si Argentina busca una diversificación e inserción internacional más autónoma.
SOBRE LA RELACIÓN ENTRE LAS PERSONAS CON DISCAPACIDAD VISUAL Y EL PATRIMONIO EDIFICADO EN EL CENTRO HISTÓRICO DE LA CIUDAD DE CÓRDOBA, ARGENTINA
Authors: Stang José Ignacio , Gnemmi Bohogú Horacio José
Published: April 2022

Un presente compartido implica, al menos en parte, un pasado compartido. Si es compartido, debiera haber sido antes conocido. El patrimonio (cultural) edificado, en la actualidad, suele ser una barrera que se define por el desconocimiento que lleva a ignorar tal realidad antes que derribarla. En el caso particular de la condición de aquellas personas con discapacidad visual se suma, además, el hecho de no poder establecer (persona-edificio) una relación visual.El presente artículo expone los primeros avances de una investigación en curso que busca brindarles a personas con discapacidad visual los recursos necesarios para que, en el transcurso de una visita al patrimonio edificado de la ciudad de Córdoba, Argentina, puedan imaginar cómo es la realidad que tienen de frente y que los contiene, aspirando a que cada uno gestione su propio recorrido. La experiencia aquí presentada se propuso para un determinado grupo de personas en un edificio en particular, pero se considera, además, la posibilidad de generar nuevas iniciativas para otros grupos de visitantes con diferentes discapacidades, para el público en general como así también el desarrollo en otros edificios de Córdoba.Es una investigación de carácter cualitativo que, como modalidad metodológica, propone el Estudio-Acción desde una lógica experiencial de conservación activa. El objetivo es profundizar en la comunidad el enriquecimiento de la memoria colectiva a partir de los bienes edificados, el reconocimiento de su autenticidad y sus valores cambiantes, y su apropiación por parte de quienes los habiten.
“EL 69” Y “LOS 70”. TEMPORALIDAD Y RADICALIZACIÓN EN LAS MEMORIAS DE LA MILITANCIA EN ORGANIZACIONES POLÍTICO MILITARES EN ARGENTINA
Authors: Tello Mariana Eva
Published: April 2022

El presente artículo se enmarca en una investigación más general que analiza, desde una perspectiva antropológica, las memorias sobre las experiencias de “lucha armada” en Argentina durante los 60 y 70. Se enfoca en ciertos constructos temporales, como los de época, generación y acontecimiento, como soportes narrativos de las memorias. Centrándose particularmente en los sucesos de mayo de 1969, conocidos como “el Cordobazo”, aborda cómo estas representaciones sincronizan la temporalidad histórica y la vivida, y los procesos de radicalización política durante el pasado reciente.
CONVERSATORIO: REFLEXIONES EN TORNO A LA MIGRACIÓN SENEGALESA EN ARGENTINA Y EL ESTADO DE LA CUESTIÓN EN EL CAMPO ACADÉMICO
Authors: Espiro Luz , Rodríguez Rocha Eduardo
Published: April 2022

Bajo el formato de conversatorio, este trabajo se propone reflexionar en torno al estado de la cuestión que estudia la migración senegalesa en Argentina. Mediante el diálogo, sus autores pretenden ahondar en las particularidades de sus respectivos casos de estudio a la luz de las discusiones generales que organizan el debate académico sobre esta corriente migratoria contemporánea. El artículo profundiza en los aspectos teórico-metodológicos desarrollados por las investigaciones principales en el país. Al mismo tiempo, es ilustrado por la problematización de ejemplos de corte empírico observados en sus respectivos trabajos de campo.Su aporte principal es plantear, en primer lugar, cuáles son los debates saldados y emergentes desarrollados por las investigaciones. En segundo lugar, avanzar en una contrastación de fenómenos de estudio, contextual y societalmente situados en distintas ciudades del territorio nacional.
EDITORIAL. ASTROLABIO NUEVA ÉPOCA, Nº 23
Authors: Capogrossi Lorena , Magliano María José
Published: April 2022

Presentación de la sección monográfica Nº 23: Mirar el trabajo desde su transversalidad: enfoques, perspectivas y metodologías pensadas desde latinoamérica
Flexibilización y posible reforma laboral en Argentina: un estudio de las representaciones digitales de Clarín y La Nación
Authors: Coscia Vanesa , Perbellini Melina
Published: April 2022

En este artículo analizamos las narrativas de los grandes medios de comunicación en la actualidad, en particular, de los diarios de mayor circulación nacional: Clarín y La Nación, en sus versiones digitales. Nos centramos, específicamente, en la relación neoliberalismo – reforma laboral – representaciones mediáticas, y proponemos un análisis de las lecturas preferenciales (Hall, 1981) que destacan estos medios sobre una posible reforma laboral en Argentina, a partir de 2017.
El objetivo de este estudio es indagar los mecanismos discursivos y las estrategias de representación que utilizan estos medios para producir y reproducir ciertas miradas sobre la flexibilización y las reformas laborales. Los interrogantes que se plantean son: ¿Qué se visibiliza, qué se enfatiza y qué se oculta en estas narrativas mediáticas digitales cuando se informa sobre una posible reforma laboral? ¿De qué modo se buscan sentar las bases ideológicas para crear un consenso social sobre la cuestión? ¿En qué marco de significación se destaca al trabajo, la flexibilización laboral, la precariedad? ¿Cómo son representados empresarios y sindicatos?
Metodológicamente, se utiliza un enfoque sociosemiótico que focaliza en el análisis de los sentidos sociales que recorren a las nociones de flexibilización laboral, reformas y precariedad, a partir de los elementos formales, de contenido y de fuentes, presentes en las noticias digitales sobre la temática.
Consideramos que las representaciones privilegiadas y los sentidos sociales que los medios, sobre todo los más concentrados y con un lugar jerarquizado en la estructura mediática nacional, atribuyen a reformas laborales, conflictos, formas de flexibilización, condiciones de trabajo, resultan una variable interesante para explorar los procesos culturales de construcción del sentido común y de reproducción de estereotipos sociales, en contextos neoliberales.
La pandemia del coronavirus: una catástrofe global explosiva
Authors: Dörre Klaus
Published: April 2022

El artículo esboza una economía política de la pandemia del coronavirus. En línea con Fernand Braudel, la peste es interpretada como un “golpe externo” que remite a estructuras de larga data. Detrás de la pandemia y de la recesión que la sigue se esconde una crisis profunda. Ella es consecuencia de la tenaza económico-ecológica que tiene atrapadas a las sociedades del Norte Global. Esta nueva cesura no puede entenderse sin tener en cuenta el crash financiero de 2007-2009 y el interregno político de los años de poscrisis. Según mi tesis, la pandemia y la recesión que la sigue son efectos repulsivos de una hiperglobalización que ha socavado progresivamente sus propios presupuestos. Sin embargo, no puede hablarse de un determinismo del coronavirus. La pandemia no conducirá espontáneamente a un “Build Back Better”. Un cambio de rumbo de este tipo exige alternativas creíbles y claramente delineadas, y, sobre todo, fuerzas sociales y actores políticos que lleven adelante los cambios. Por tanto, con llamamientos generales a las élites no se logra mucho. En lugar de ello, aquí se sugiere un análisis preciso de la tendencia hacia democracias bonapartistas que bloquean la revolución de sustentabilidad. El artículo explora las dificultades de una sociología pública y se expresa a favor de un nuevo orden institucional caracterizado por la democracia económica y la creación de consejos de transformación.
Editorial. Astrolabio Nueva Época, N° 25
Authors: Batthyány Karina , Torres Esteban
Published: April 2022

Presentación de la sección monográfica Nº 25: La crisis mundial del COVID-19: sociologías, feminismos y sociedad mundial
Factores asociados a la ideación del suicidio en adolescentes. Algunas evidencias en Argentina
Authors: Santillán Pizarro Maria Marta , Pereyra Eduardo Javier
Published: April 2022

El suicidio se ha convertido en una acuciante problemática social y de salud pública a nivel mundial. Particularmente en Argentina, en los últimos 25 años la mortalidad por suicidio se triplicó en la población joven y este tipo de defunciones se ha constituido en la segunda causa de muerte en la franja de 10 a 19 años. A partir de los datos que brinda la Encuesta Mundial de Salud Escolar, proyecto de la OMS, implementada en Argentina en 2012, se realiza un abordaje respecto a la ideación y planificación de suicidio, así como a factores asociados al fenómeno en estudiantes entre 13 y 15 años. A partir de modelos de regresión logística, se analiza el efecto de factores de riesgo y factores protectores. Se observa que la exposición a factores de riesgo o a factores protectores efectivamente aumenta, en el caso de los primeros, o disminuye —en el caso de los segundos— el riesgo de experimentar un intento de suicidio. Además, cuando se analiza el término de relación condicional, se observa que el impacto de cada uno de ellos es diferente entre los varones y mujeres, siendo estas últimas, en general, las más vulnerables. Asimismo, que el efecto combinado de distintos factores puede potenciar el riesgo de experimentar un intento de suicidio.
¿Es realmente fácil unirse a la formalidad? Una aproximación con trayectorias laborales en el mercado laboral mexicano
Authors: Lara Lara Jaime , Rojas Huerta Abigail Vanessa
Published: April 2022

Más de la mitad de la fuerza laboral mexicana se encuentra en la informalidad. Sin embargo, existe un elevado número de transiciones del empleo informal al empleo formal en el corto plazo, lo que se ha interpretado como evidencia de que la informalidad es una decisión óptima para incrementar el bienestar. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar las condiciones de ingreso y estabilidad laboral de los empleados que se insertan a la formalidad, después de iniciar su trayectoria laboral en la informalidad. Se utiliza el Módulo de Trayectorias Laborales (MOTRAL) 2015, encuesta con representatividad nacional de las zonas urbanas mexicanas. Para ello se comparan las condiciones de ingreso y la estabilidad laboral en 2010 entre los trabajadores formales utilizando dos grupos: quienes tuvieron su primer empleo en la informalidad y quienes tuvieron su primer empleo en la formalidad. Se construyen matrices de transición entre el primer empleo, el empleo en 2010, y en 2015 para corroborar la alta movilidad encontrada por la literatura previa; posteriormente se analizan con modelos multivariados las condiciones de ingreso y la estabilidad laboral. Los resultados indican que una proporción significativa de quienes se iniciaron en la informalidad acceden posteriormente a empleos formales. Sin embargo, se encuentra que el acceso al empleo formal desde la informalidad ocurre en condiciones de desventajas en ingresos y contratación de largo plazo, sin que las desventajas desaparezcan posteriormente, por lo que el inicio de la vida laboral en la informalidad está asociado a desventajas permanentes en el mercado de trabajo.
Repensar los modelos abiertos en el capitalismo informacional
Authors: Zanotti Agustín
Published: April 2022

[LUND, A. & ZUKERFELD, M. (2020). Corporate Capitalism’s Use of Openness: Profit for Free? London: Palgrave Macmillan.]
Los estudios latinoamericanos de comunicación (2000-2018) ¿Consolidación académica, estancamiento burocrático o dispersión temática?
Authors: Gándara Santiago , Heram Yamila
Published: April 2022

El presente artículo tiene por objetivo caracterizar y analizar el estado del campo comunicacional latinoamericano en el período 2000-2018. Nos proponemos trabajar a partir de diversas fuentes secundarias, que realizan balances o estados de la cuestión sobre el propio campo, para así producir una sistematización y análisis interpretativo de los aspectos más relevantes del campo: su fragmentación y dispersión temática y metodológica, su consolidación académica, la burocratización de los sujetos, los saberes y las prácticas, la recuperación de las tradiciones críticas y la crisis de identidad del pensamiento latinoamericano. Interesa, entonces, seguir profundizando una caracterización del campo comunicacional latinoamericano actual, ya que entendemos que describir y explicar esta última etapa deviene necesaria para quienes enseñamos teorías de la comunicación en América Latina.
Crimen, sexualidad y conurbano en José Celestino Campusano
Authors: Martinelli Lucas Sebastián
Published: April 2022

Este artículo examina las figuras del crimen y la sexualidad dentro del cine argentino con el interés de reflexionar sobre el modo en que se construyen imágenes sobre determinados cuerpos en procesos narrativos que exponen a los sujetos representados en contigüidad con ideas del orden cultural. Se trata de procedimientos simbólicos que, al enlazar por medio del registro audiovisual, cuerpos concretos con prácticas y conductas establecen parámetros de reproducción social. La toma de posición de la cámara no repone la pregunta de la pertinencia de adoptar la perspectiva de la víctima o el victimario, sino que implica reflexionar sobre la manera en que la aparición de un rostro y un cuerpo precisos, en multiplicación y contigüidad (con aspectos que conectan imaginariamente la clase, la etnicidad y el género), quedan ligados con una referencialidad que repite o invierte un proceso de afirmación social. Con una metodología que retoma las prácticas del análisis cinematográfico, las herramientas de la historiografía del arte y los planteos de la filosofía política como trasfondo de ciertas preocupaciones teóricas, se desarrollan estas problemáticas desde un recorrido por las nociones sobre el cine de género, algunos filmes contemporáneos que retratan el conurbano y particularmente el cine de José Celestino Campusano.
Ciudad y patrimonio: prácticas y tensiones en el centro histórico de San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina (1990-2019)
Authors: Cuezzo María Laura
Published: April 2022

El centro histórico de San Miguel de Tucumán está conformado por el área fundacional (1685) y el área del ensanche (1872). En total reúne 252 manzanas que concentran la mayor cantidad de las expresiones del patrimonio arquitectónico y urbano local y, a la manera de un palimpsesto, aún se leen las huellas de la cuadrícula fundacional, las intervenciones urbanas decimonónicas y la impronta de las construcciones del siglo XIX. Sin embargo, desde las últimas décadas del siglo XX, se manifiestan notas de la modernidad que produjeron profundas tensiones.
En un ambiente pluritemporal, la coexistencia del centro histórico con el área central encuentra una condición paradojal, la permanencia y el cambio, en un escenario de tensión como en la mayoría de sus pares latinoamericanas. Se define entonces un cuadro de situación compartido que nos habilita a reflexionar sobre la complejización del abordaje patrimonial en la actualidad.
En la década de 1990, desde el Instituto de Historia (FAU, UNT) se realiza una significativa contribución que aporta entre otras ideas, bases técnico-legales para la protección del patrimonio. Los resultados obtenidos han marcado el pulso del patrimonio en la ciudad y, aún pasados más de 20 años, su impronta se mantiene.
Sobre la base de esta construcción metodológica y normativa, se realiza un estudio en profundidad desde la perspectiva histórico-patrimonial. Se analizan los trazos de estas ideas-acciones en la evolución de la ciudad y se recuperan y amplían diferentes nociones que nos permiten interpretar los conflictos y las oportunidades que acompañan a los procesos de cambio y transformación sucedidos, exponiendo sus tensiones y divergencias, así como los mecanismos que se activan para su salvaguarda.
Comprender la política cultural desde su funcionamiento cotidiano. Análisis de la Usina Cultural de la Unidad Penal N° 4 Santiago Vázquez (ex Comcar)
Authors: Duarte Acquistapace Deborah
Published: April 2022

El objetivo de este artículo es describir y analizar el funcionamiento de un programa de política cultural de Estado, la Usina Cultural de la Unidad Penal N° 4 Santiago Vázquez, ex Comcar, a través de las prácticas y representaciones de los funcionarios que trabajan en el espacio físico donde se desarrolla y de las experiencias de algunas personas que han participado. Partiendo de trabajos anteriores que reflexionan acerca de la política en tanto proceso, proponemos comprender los sentidos atribuidos a este programa de política cultural como una mediación o reelaboración de los significados propuestos por las autoridades que lo concibieron, donde se negocian y se producen nuevas significaciones.
El diseño metodológico combinó entrevistas en profundidad a técnicos y personas privadas de libertad que concurrieron a la Usina y observación participantes en sus actividades y en la comunidad educativa del Comcar.   
Concluimos que el contexto de encierro es fundamental para entender las tensiones propias de la cotidianidad laboral y la producción de sentido de los participantes. En las políticas no solo hay ejecutores y beneficiarios sino sujetos con agencia que participan de entornos sociales que los condicionan. Sus apropiaciones del espacio que abre la política, configuradas por y en las características de la vida social en la que se desenvuelven (el encierro, en nuestro caso), son la política encarnada y constituyen un objeto fundamental de investigación para comprender su funcionamiento y posibles contribuciones.
Colorectal cancer epidemiology and risk factors
Authors:   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania  Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, Chetroiu Diana ,   University Emergency Hospital of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania, Pop Corina S. ,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania  Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology; University Emergency Hospital of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania, Diaconu Sorina ,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania  Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology; University Emergency Hospital of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania, Beuran Mircea ,   Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology; University Emergency Hospital of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania  Department of Surgery; Emergency Clinical Hospital of Bucharest, Romania
Published: April 2022

Colorectal cancer is an important health problem, being the third most frequent cancer pathology both in men and women. Programmes have been developed to decrease CRC incidence and mortality, including primary prevention strategies focusing on population education regarding diet and physical activity and secondary prevention programmes such as screening. Modifiable risk factors are known to be diet, obesity, smoking, alcohol and read meat consumption. Non-modifiable risk factors are age, inflammatory bowel disease, genetic syndromes and family history of colorectal cancer.
Evaluating the effects of medication reconciliation by pharmacists on patient safety in hospitalized patients
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Clinical Pharmacy Specialist, Laboratory Control of Food & Drug Research Centre, Food & Drug Administration, Tehran, Iran, Izadpanah Fatemeh , Moradi Mandana ,   Associate Professor, Clinical Pharmacy Specialist, Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy Zabol University of Medical Science, Zabol, Iran, Amini Mina ,   Pharmacist, Deputy of Food & Drug Administration, Mazandaran University of Medical Science, Sari, Iran, Rahimpour Amirsia ,   Student of Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Karaj, Iran
Published: April 2022

Backgrounds: Medication errors are one of the most common errors that are associated with adverse effects on patients and may even lead to mortality. One of the methods for determining patient safety in hospitals is assessing the prevalence of medication errors. In this regard, medication reconciliation is used to improve drug safety in the treatment process. The present study was conducted on 7564 patients in the emergency department of one of the hospitals in Tehran, Iran. Methods: In total, 256 adult patients with a mean of 45 years, who had been admitted to the emergency department of a hospital in the past six months and had used at least three drugs before admission, were entered into the study. In this study, the effect of medication reconciliation on admitted patients was assessed to prevent drug errors at the time of admission by pharmacists. The main outcome measure was Type and Frequency Percentage of Drug Differences Observed during Medication Reconciliation were measured. Results: According to the results, the presence of a trained pharmacist was significantly effective in medication reconciliation for enhancing patient safety and treatment process accuracy. In addition, it was concluded that age, the condition of hospitalization, and medical center personnel had a direct relationship with the frequency of medication discrepancies. Conclusion: The presence of a trained pharmacist to perform the medication reconciliation process significantly affected the improvement of patient safety and the accuracy of the treatment process.
Ovarian cancer under the magnifying glass
Authors:   Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Diakonie Klinikum,  Schwäbisch Hall, Germany, Cobec Ionut , Popescu Roxana ,   Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania, Moatar Aurica ,   1 Clinic of Internal Medicine, Hohenloher Krankenhaus,  Öhringen, Germany  2 Department of Pharmacology and Biochemistry, “Victor Babeș”  University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timișoara, Romania, Verdes Doina ,   Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, "Victor Babes"  University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
Published: April 2022

Cancer is a pathology generating problem to the public health systems all over the world. The etiology and pathogenesis of ovarian cancer are still partially unknown. It is still a challenge when it comes to the origin, the molecular basis of ovarian carcinogenesis, tumor progression, and therapy options of ovarian cancer. This paper brings an overview of ovarian cancer, starting with the pathogenesis, histopathological forms, and molecular biology of ovarian cancer, and follows the growth factors as molecular targets for specific therapy.
An overview of the complications of acute and chronic mercury exposures. Past, present and future
Authors:   ", Caragea Genica ,   Cantacuzino",   National Military-Medicine Research Institute, Bucharest, Romania,   ICU II Toxicology, Clinical Emergency Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Vãrzaru Andreea C. ,   "Cantacuzino" National Military-Medicine Research Institute, Bucharest, Romania, Avram Oana ,   ICU II Toxicology, Clinical Emergency Hospital, Bucharest, Romania,   Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Bucharest, Romania, Macovei Radu ,   ICU II Toxicology, Clinical Emergency Hospital, Bucharest, Romania,   Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Bucharest, Romania, Costea Andreea ,   Diaverum Nephrology and Dialysis Clinic Constanta, Romania, Popescu Dragos M. ,   Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Craiova, Romania, Smarandache Andreea M. ,   Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Bucharest, Romania
Published: April 2022

Mercury is a chemical element that has been known since prehistoric times and has been used over time as a component of paints, in the treatment of various diseases, and later in various industrial compounds. Mercury enters the body transcutaneously, by inhaling or by ingesting food contaminated with mercury. The most common cause of mercury poisoning is eating seafood, but people can get mercury poisoning from industrial processing, thermometers, dental work, and old paints. The most vulnerable are people at occupational risk due to chronic exposure, as well as fetuses in the intrauterine period. Mercury poisoning produces extremely serious effects on the nervous, renal, and gastrointestinal systems. The nature and extent of mercury poisoning depend on factors such as the route of exposure, the rate of exposure, the distribution and biotransformation of mercury in the body, the chemical form of mercury or the mercury compound. Both mercury in the blood and the urine should not exceed 10 μg/L. The critical values of mercury in the blood are >150 μg/L and the lethal ones exceed 800 μg/L. New diagnostic methods allow the rapid and accurate identification of the concentration of mercury in biological products. Treatment is based on the use of chelating agents. However, the prognosis of mercury poisoning is extremely variable, due to the potentially irreversible nature of the lesions.
Introducing two effective techniques for the detection of adenovirus respiratory infection in human sample
Authors:   Applied Virology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences Tehran, Iran, Sharti Mojtaba , Ghaleh Hadi E.G. ,   Applied Virology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences Tehran, Iran, Dorostkar Ruhollah ,   Applied Virology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences Tehran, Iran, Tat Mehdi ,   Applied Virology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences Tehran, Iran, Razei Ali ,   Molecular Biology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran, Rafati Alireza ,   Department of Medical Genetics, Sirjan School of Medical Sciences, Sirjan, Iran, Alvanegh Akbar G. ,   Human Genetics Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Published: April 2022

Recently, respiratory viral infections have witnessed substantial diagnostic evolution, with the advent of emergent pathogenic agents and the improvement of new diagnostic approaches. Acute viral respiratory infection (ARVI) commonly causes illness and fatality, particularly in pediatric patients. Adenovirus has the highest prevalence in upper and lower respiratory tract infections (RTIs) amongst respiratory pathogens of importance. The purpose of this research was to introduce two effective techniques for the detection of adenovirus respiratory infection in Human samples, cell culture, and real-time PCR. Samples from patients aged less than ten years were obtained from Baqiyatallah (as) Hospital and cultured on HEK cells after preparation. After observing the cytopathic effects of the virus, a molecular test (Real-time PCR) with the help of specific primers was done on samples taken from the cell culture. Both assays detected viruses in clinical samples, and results of cell culture and real-time PCR confirmed infection with adenovirus in samples. According to our findings, simultaneous use of tests (cell culture and PCR) based test real-time PCR is a somewhat reliable method for detecting adenovirus in clinical specimens.
Gene therapy by using stem cells in the treatment of hepatitis
Authors:   Applied Virology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Ghaleh Hadi E.G. , Bolandian Masoumeh ,   Applied Virology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Dorostkar Ruhollah ,   Applied Virology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Kondori Bahman J. ,   Gastroenterology and Liver Disease Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Asiabani Farshad N. ,   Applied Virology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Alvanagh Akbar G. ,   Human Genetics Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Farzanehpour Mahdieh ,   Applied Virology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Published: April 2022

Chronic hepatitis can resolve spontaneously or progress to more advanced stages, i.e. fibrosis, cirrhosis, and liver cancer, respectively. Two million deaths each year are attributed to liver diseases globally. Chronic liver disease and cirrhosis comprise 11th position in leading causes of death worldwide. Viral infections account for the etiologic factor of most cases of hepatitis. Almost the only available way for the treatment of end stages of hepatitis is liver transplantation. The biggest problem with this therapeutic approach is the number of liver transplant donors is less than the number of recipients. Therefore, more advanced methods must investigate. Recently, gene therapy by the utilization of stem cells yielded promising results in clinical and preclinical investigations to the treatment of liver diseases. Novel genome editing tools such as TALENs and CRISPR/Cas9 consider as powerful genome correction approaches and can employe for iPSCs gene editing. This paper highlights the various aspects of gene therapy through stem cells for liver diseases.
Can peritoneal carcinomatosis of colorectal origin be treated with or everolimus or in combination with capecitabine? Preliminary results
Authors:   Yıldırım Beyazıt University School of Medicine, Intensive Care Unit, Ankara, Turkey, Yuksel Mehmet E , Yuksel Osman ,   Gazi University School of Medicine, Department of General Surgery, Ankara, Turkey
Published: April 2022

Background: We wanted to evaluate the effectiveness of oral everolimus alone and in combination with capecitabine treatment on colorectal cancer-induced peritoneal carcinomatosis animal model. Methods: Caco-2 colon adenocarcinoma cells were injected intraperitoneally to BALB/cOlaHsd-Foxn1nu mice to establish peritoneal carcinomatosis. Mice were divided into four groups (everolimus, everolimus plus capecitabine, capecitabine, control group) with 2 mice in each group. Treatment was initiated 5 days after inoculation of Caco-2 cells. 7.5 mg/kg everolimus was administered orally every 2 days. 2.1 mmol/kg capecitabine was administered orally every 5 days a week. 22 days after inoculation of Caco-2 cells, mice were sacrificed. Results: The mean weight of the tumor was 25 ± 7.07 mg in the control group (n=2); 0.7 ± 0.7 mg in the everolimus group (n=2); 0.28 ± 0.36 mg in the capecitabine group; 0.48 ± 0.07 mg in the everolimus plus capecitabine group. Conclusion: Tumor samples excised from BALB/cOlaHsd-Foxn1nu mice revealed that everolimus alone, and in combination with capecitabine suppressed tumor growth. However, a comparison of tumor weights revealed no statistically significant difference within the four groups (p=0.227). To reach statistically significant data, the sample size should be increased.
Evaluation of fasting impact during Ramadan month on patients with a history of kidney stones in a military hospital
Authors:   Nephrology and Urology Research Center, Baqiyatallah  University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Asadi Mousa , Nazari Hasan ,   Nephrology and Urology Research Center, Baqiyatallah  University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Published: April 2022

Introduction: One of the cornerstones and common causes of kidney stone formation is the volume of fluid consumed during a 24- hour that influences on forming that by several mechanisms. Since fluid intake decreases during Ramadan, one of the common questions posed is whether Ramadan fasting is associated with the precipitating of stone formation. The present study was aimed to investigate the effect of Ramadan fasting on precipitating and Inhibitors of stone formation in patients with a history of renal kidney disease. Methods: The study population included all of the patients with kidney stone diseases who were seen at the Clinic of Urology and Nephrology affiliated with Baqiyatallah hospital during the month of Ramadan in 2014 and 2015. The number of 66 patients was chosen and included in the study through randomized simple sampling. All subjects underwent blood tests like serum uric acid, serum phosphate, serum calcium, and serum sodium. Samples were tested in terms of volume, magnesium, uric acid, Calcium, Phosphate, Sodium, citrate, oxalate, Calcium oxalate supersaturation, Calcium Phosphate supersaturation, Uric acid supersaturation. Results: Sixty-six eligible patients were included that the mean age was 48.35±12.10 years. Fourteen men and 52 women were included. There were no significant differences in the mean pH of urine, urinary sodium, urinary oxalate, supersaturated levels of calcium oxalate in the urine, urinary phosphate levels, and super-saturated levels of urinary calcium phosphate between the two groups (P>0.05). The average volume of urine, urinary magnesium, urinary calcium, urinary citrate, the uric acid level in the non-fasting group was higher than the fasting group (P<0.05). There were no differences in the average blood calcium levels, blood sodium, blood phosphate levels, blood acidic levels between the two groups (P>0.05). There was no difference in the mean super-saturated level of uric acid between the two groups (P=0.035). Conclusion: There was controversial evidence on the effect of Ramadan fasting on kidney stone formation and there is not enough evidence in the present study that Ramadan fasting precipitates risk factors associated with calculus formation.
Diagnostic challenges in late presenting diaphragmatic hernia
Authors:   Department of Paediatric Surgery, „Grigore Alexandrescu”  Clinical Emergency Hospital for Children, Bucharest, Romania, Beznea Patricia , Campeanu Adrian ,   Department of Paediatric Surgery, „Grigore Alexandrescu”  Clinical Emergency Hospital for Children, Bucharest, Romania  Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest, Romania, Strimbu Tudor ,   Department of Paediatric Surgery, „Grigore Alexandrescu”  Clinical Emergency Hospital for Children, Bucharest, Romania
Published: April 2022

Background: The incidence of congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) has been reported to be 1 in 2000-5000 newborns. The late presentation can occur in 5-30% of all cases and it can be harder to diagnose, as symptoms are usually vague and non-specific. Methods: We performed a retrospective review of chart files of all patients admitted to our hospital with the diagnosis of congenital diaphragmatic hernia between 2010 and 2021. Result: Of the ninety-two cases of CDH treated in our hospital between 2010 and 2021, twenty-six (28%) were late presenting. In the late-presenting CDH group, we found a slight female preponderance, with fifteen female patients (58%) and eleven male patients. A posterolateral left defect in the diaphragm was noted in fifteen cases (58%), a right defect was noted in just one case (4%) and ten patients (38%) were diagnosed with an anterior diaphragmatic hernia. The age at diagnosis varied from 2 months to 14 years. Associated anomalies were noted in just four cases. In all cases, a thoracoabdominal radiograph was performed and ten patients also had a CT scan. Primary repair was performed in 25 of the 26 patients. The mortality rate in our study population was 11%, we reported 3 cases with unfavorable evolution. Conclusion: CDH presenting beyond the neonatal period is a usual finding and it represents a true diagnostic challenge.
Desert malaria “Curse of the Thar Desert” – A unique geographical endemicity of malaria and combating it with modern technology
Authors:   15 Air force Hospital Jaisalmer, India, Srikanth V.S. , Geethanjali G. ,   Ramachandra Medical College, India, Manoharan Cibi ,   Ganga Hospital, Coimbatore, India, Somakumar Varsha ,   Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, India
Published: April 2022

Introduction: This study focuses on the Malaria endemic in the Thar Desert- The most populated desert in the world. Malarial endemicity in a desert environment is a unique and rare geographical presentation, as malaria is usually common in areas where there is rainfall and water stagnation - like ponds, fields, etc. In this study, we want to highlight the unique clinical presentation, lab findings, and reason behind the existence of malaria in the desert. Most importantly we also would like to share our innovative idea to eliminate breeding sites using Quadcopters and drones. Materials and methods: Study type – Prospective observation study, Study duration – October 2020 to December 2020, Sample size-103 cases, Inclusion criteria – all smear-positive Malaria cases, Exclusion criteria – Cases Referred to higher centers because of complications.Tools used for breeding site identification – Quadcopters and Drones with HD cameras. Since the area to be surveyed was vast (>30km), it was very difficult to do a manual survey in the harsh desert climate. The patients’ demographics, Clinical Presentations, and laboratory parameters were collected systematically in a predesigned format and entered into an excel sheet. The finding of our study was compared with the malaria cases from different parts of the country. Results: All malaria was identified as Plasmodium vivax. The mean age group was 36 years (min-21 and max-56). Clinical features- out of 103 cases, 78% of the patients presented with all 4 symptoms of fever, chills, headache, and bodyache.22% presented with atypical isolated symptoms of abdominal pain, vomiting, myalgia, severe joint pain. 77% of patients had mild hepatosplenomegaly, 7 patients presented with hypotension, and 2 were in sepsis. Lab parameters – 88% of the patients had anemia, of which 5% had severe anemia, 40% had leucopenia while 6% had leucocytosis.87%had thrombocytopenia, out of which 56% had a platelet count less than 50,000/ml. 2% had mild AKI, bilirubin levels were elevated in 53%, and 36% had transaminitis. Using technology, the survey of the entire area was done in 1 week and all the breeding sites were eliminated on the same day of identification and a drastic drop in malaria cases was noted. Conclusion: We conclude that desert malarial presentation of Plasmodium vivax is unique in clinical presentation and lab derangements compared to other malarial cases. Usage of technology like quadcopters and drones for breeding site identification played a major role in curtailing cases drastically in a very short period in an effective way.
Crude venom of Pseudocerastes persicus snake: From the antibacterial to anticancer effects
Authors:   Applied Microbiology Research Center, Systems biology and poisonings institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Nodooshan Majid M
Published: April 2022

Antibiotic resistance has been reported as one of the world's most critical public health problems. Recent investigations have demonstrated that the venom of some species of snakes has antimicrobial and anticancer activities. The purpose of this study was to examine the antibacterial activity of Persian horned viper venom toward Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria and also investigate antitumor effects of concentrations of venom with higher antibacterial activity in a human hepatocellular liver carcinoma cell line (HepG2) to evaluate the potential use of its components as antimicrobial and anticancer agents. Bactericidal activity of crude venom in concentrations of 6.25-400 μg/ml was performed using MTT reduction, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), agarwell diffusion, and disc diffusion methods. Tetracycline (50 μg/ml) was used as a standard antibiotic. Cytotoxic effect in HepG2 cells was measured by MTT reduction assay and confirmed with neutral uptake assay following exposure of cells with different concentrations of venom (50-400 μg/ml). The apoptotic effect was investigated using the comet assay. Our findings demonstrated that venom displays higher inhibitory effects against Gram-positive bacteria as compared to Gramnegative. Furthermore, venom showed anticancer activity on the HepG2 cell line through induction of apoptosis and necrosis. The results of this study confirmed that the venom of Persian horned viper induces antibacterial and anticancer effects. These properties make the venom of this viper a potential source for isolation of effective molecule(s) having antibacterial and antitumor activity.