bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modifi cation of Cellulose Nanocrystals with Fe2 O3 for Linear Alkyl-benzene Sulfonate Removal from Laundry Wastewater
Authors:   Chemical Engineering Studies, Mohamad Nor Norhusna ,   Waste Management and Resource Recovery (WeResCue) Group, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Pulau Pinang, Permatang Pauh Campus, 13500 Pulau Pinang, Malaysia, Asmuri Nur Anina Asmira ,   Chemical Engineering Studies, Isa Norain ,   Chemical Engineering Studies,   Waste Management and Resource Recovery (WeResCue) Group, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Pulau Pinang, Permatang Pauh Campus, 13500 Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
Published: January 2025

This research is significant to investigate the eff ect of synthesis parameters (weight loading ratio CNCs: Fe2O3, sonication temperature, sonication time) on cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) modified with iron oxide (Fe2O3) nanoparticles. The CNCs/Fe2O3 adsorbent was synthesized via the ultrasonic-assisted chemical co-precipitation method. All synthesized samples were analysed using linear alkyl-benzene sulfonate (LAS) removal from laundry wastewater using a batch adsorption study. The CNCs/Fe2O3 adsorbent was characterised using FTIR, TGA, N2 sorption-desorption, and SEM-EDX analyses to understand its chemical and physical properties. The highest removal of LAS was found at a 1:1.5 ratio of CNCs: Fe2O3, 80°C of sonication temperature, and 90 min of sonication time, with ±90% removal of LAS. The FTIR analysis revealed several functional groups in the CNCs and CNCs/Fe2O3 adsorbent. The CNCs showed a hydroxyl group and aromatic ring in lignin around the spectrum of 3000 – 3400 cm-1 and 1640 cm-1, respectively. The broad shoulder for the hydroxyl group in the CNCs was reduced to a small peak due to the formation of iron oxide. Thermal analysis from the TGA analysis showed a significant weight loss of around 50 – 200°C due to the destruction of the cellulose structure. As for the N2 sorption-desorption analysis, the CNCs/Fe2O3 adsorbent exhibits a larger surface area compared to the CNCs, in which the porous structure can be observed in the CNCs/Fe2O3 adsorbent from the SEM morphology. Overall, the addition of Fe2O3 via ultrasound-assisted coprecipitation method contributes to the development of the CNCs structure while changing the properties of the CNCs/Fe2O3 as a potential adsorbent for LAS in the laundry wastewater application, thereby offering a practical solution for wastewater treatment.
Evaluating the Accuracy of 3D Point Cloud Data of Elevated Structures Using Terrestrial Laser Scanners at Various Distances
Authors:   Department of Civil Engineering, National Defense University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Syafuan Wan Mohamed , Ismail Neza ,   Department of Civil Engineering, National Defense University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Rosmee Muhammad Hakim Jazmee ,   Department of Civil Engineering, National Defense University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Published: January 2025

Terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) is a powerful tool for generating detailed 3D models of elevated structures such as bridges, towers, and buildings. However, the quality of the resulting models heavily depends on the setup configuration of the TLS system. This research evaluates the precision of 3D point cloud data of elevated structures acquired through TLS at different distances. The data processing was performed using Cyclone Register360 software. The study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of point cloud data obtained from various TLS setup locations and compare it with the measurements obtained from a Total Station. Four different distances were used to set the TLS to scan the three elevated structure piers. The acquired data was then processed using Cyclone Register360 software to eliminate noise, visually align, and precisely register the point clouds. The results indicated that shorter distances between TLS setups resulted in more accurate point cloud data, with reduced error rates, highlighting the need to locate the scanner effectively. The study also highlighted the capabilities of Cyclone Register360 in improving the precision of point cloud data through effective data processing techniques. The findings demonstrate the significance of precise scanning distance evaluation in TLS applications to ensure high-quality data capture. It is vital for comprehensive 3D modeling and analysis of elevated structures. These valuable insights apply to specialists in surveying, engineering, and architecture. It offers guidance on the best practices for TLS setups, which can improve the accuracy and reliability of measurements. Further studies should examine the influence of other factors, such as scanning angles and environmental conditions, on the precision of TLS data.
A Modelling of 500 Kv Long Transmission Line and Fault Detection Using Inverse Definite Minimum Time Over Current (IDMT O/C) relay
Authors:   Faculty of Engineering, National Defence University of Malaysia, Kem Perdana Sungai Besi, 57000 Sungai Besi, KL, Mohamed Sharif Noor Fadzilah , Mohamed Shafiee Khairun Neesya ,   Faculty of Engineering, National Defence University of Malaysia, Kem Perdana Sungai Besi, 57000 Sungai Besi, KL, Tajudin Nur Fatin Izzati ,   Faculty of Engineering, National Defence University of Malaysia, Kem Perdana Sungai Besi, 57000 Sungai Besi, KL, Moh Nazar Nazatul Shima ,   Faculty of Engineering, National Defence University of Malaysia, Kem Perdana Sungai Besi, 57000 Sungai Besi, KL, Ahmad Tarmizi Siti Noraziati ,   Faculty of Engineering, National Defence University of Malaysia, Kem Perdana Sungai Besi, 57000 Sungai Besi, KL, Abdul Rahman Abdul Rashid ,   School of Electrical Engineering and Artificial Intelligence,  Xiamen University Malaysia, Jalan Sunsuria, Bandar Sunsuria, 43900 Sepang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia Malaysia, Samaila Buda ,   Sokoto Energy Research Centre, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria
Published: January 2025

As electricity demand increases day by day due to economic growth, the process of transmitting efficient electrical power is vital. Thus, a power simulation study is required to determine the mechanism of the transmission line, and possible faults that occurred in the transmission line system. On a daily basis, single line to ground fault (L-G), double line to ground fault (2L-G), and triple line to ground fault (3L-G) are the faults that normally occur in the long transmission line system. In this project, a model of a 300km/500 kV EHV transmission line consisting of a three-phase source, distribution line, and load is simulated using MATLAB software. When the L – G fault is applied, the voltage is diminished to zero and upon fault clearance, the R – G line produced overvoltage and overcurrent by 518.9 kV and 1889 A, which increased about 46.83% and 15.67% compared to normal lines of Y – G and B – G at 353. kV and 1633 A. Then, for the 2L – G fault, again the voltage is reduced to zero and when fault clearance occurred, the R – G and Y – G lines experienced overvoltage and overcurrent at 570.4 kV and 708.5kV, which showed more than 60% transient compared to normal line B-G at 353.4 kV. In Contrast, the 3L – G fault causes all transmission lines to experience overvoltage and overcurrent at different times and can damage the whole transmission system. Thus, to reduce the severe impact of fault, the Inverse Definite Minimum Time Over Current (IDMT O/C) relay protection is installed in the line model.
Reducing Tool Wear with Hybrid Microwave Treated TiCN Coated Tool and Recycled Cooking Oil in MQL Machining of T6061 Aluminium Alloy
Authors:   Department of Manufacturing & Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, International Islamic University Malaysia, Malaysia, Firdaus Ariff Tasnim ,   Advanced Manufacturing and Materials Technology Research Unit (AmTech), Faculty of Engineering, International Islamic University Malaysia, Malaysia, Ismail Ummu Aisyah ,   Department of Manufacturing & Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, International Islamic University Malaysia, Malaysia
Published: January 2025

Titanium carbo-nitride (TiCN) inserts are vital for cutting operations, particularly in high-temperature conditions. Conventional machining methods lead to rapid wear of tools, frequent need for tool changes, high costs associated with tool replacement, and extensive usage of synthetic cutting fl uids that are environmentally damaging. This study aims to minimise tool wear and promote circular economy. This study examines the process of machining T6061 aluminium alloy using TiCN inserts treated with hybrid microwave (HMW) energy at 220℃ for 20 minutes, with silicon dioxide (SiO2) as the susceptor. Recycled cooking oil is utilised for Minimum Quantity Lubrication (MQL). Analysed were the density, hardness, and microstructural images. Tool wear of TiCN was assessed during dry and wet machining using three different cutting speeds (166, 210, 263 m/min) while maintaining a constant feed rate of 0.6mm/rev and depth-of-cut of 0.4 mm. The findings show the density and hardness of TiCN (HMW) increased by 4% and 7% respectively compared to the TiCN (untreated) insert. The tool wear of TiCN (HMW) has reduced by 5% (MQL) and 24% (dry) compared to the TiCN (untreated) insert. MQL with recycled cooking oil decreased tool wear by 40% compared to dry machining. The microstructural images of the TiCN (HMW) and TiCN (untreated) structures reveal no noticeable variations. TiCN (HMW) has improved wear resistance, and it is particularly beneficial when utilising recycled cooking oil in MQL machining.
Reliability of Program Outcome Attainment Evaluation Based on Cumulative Model and Culminating Model Analysis
Authors:   Civil Engineering Studies, College of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA Cawangan Pulau Pinang, Kampus Permatang Pauh, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia, Ibrahim Anas , Mohamad Nor Md Rasul ,   Civil Engineering Studies, College of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA Cawangan Pulau Pinang, Kampus Permatang Pauh, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia, Ahmad Hazrina ,   Civil Engineering Studies, College of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA Cawangan Pulau Pinang, Kampus Permatang Pauh, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia, Mohamed Latiff Muhamad Faizal Pakir ,   Civil Engineering Studies, College of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA Cawangan Pulau Pinang, Kampus Permatang Pauh, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
Published: January 2025

Program outcomes (POs) are essential components in outcome-based education (OBE), reflecting a graduate’s attribute and ability to demonstrate competencies at appropriate levels. Typically, POs are derived from the graduate attributes (GA) specified by accrediting bodies such as the Engineering Accreditation Council (EAC). The attainment of POs is assessed through various methods, including direct and indirect assessment tools. This study evaluates the reliability and effectiveness of POs attainment analysis and measurement using cumulative model and culminating model approaches. The analysis was conducted on a cohort of 226 students who graduated in September 2017, consisting of two entry channels: 115 diploma students and 111 matriculation students. Comparative analysis results indicate that both models reliably measure POs attainment, however the culminating model shows better performance of POs attainment compared to the cumulative model. The average percentage difference between the two models for diploma students is 4.64% and no difference for PO9 and PO10. For the matriculation intake group the average percentage difference between the two models is 3.82% and no difference for PO6 and PO11. In conclusion, both models facilitate systematic POs attainment analysis for all students and provide insights into the strengths and limitations of each model, contributing to the ongoing improvement of OBE practices and ensuring that graduates meet the required competencies and standards.
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in pediatric neurology: a safety issue (systematic review)
Authors: Shnayder N. A. , Makarov E. A. , Kidyaeva A. V. , Grechkina V. V. , Petrova M. M. , Nasyrova R. F.
Published: January 2025

The authors searched, analyzed and systematized the results of domestic and foreign studies of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors-induced QT prolongation and the risk of Torsade de pointes (full-text versions of original articles, clinical cases, systemic reviews, meta-analyses, Cochrane reviews) in Russian and English languages available in bibliographic databases (eLIbRARY, PubMed, Scopus, Springer, ClinicalKeys, Oxford Press, Google Scholar, MedCredit, Drugbank, PharmGKb) to update the knowledge of practicing neurologists, cardiologists, clinical pharmacologists and general practitioners (physicians, pediatricians) about the possibility of predicting and preventing life-threatening cardiac adverse reactions. From the obtained results it can be judged that escitalopram and citalopram have a potentially high risk. Despite of the fact that sertraline is approved to use in children and adolescents both in the Russian Federation as well as abroad, studies show it significantly affects the QT interval at therapeutic and toxic doses. The safety was demonstrated by fluvoxamine and fluoxetine. Studies of these selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors didn’t show a statistically significant increase of the QT interval.
Placental causes of fetal growth restriction and treatment methods
Authors: Blazhenko Alexandra A. , Pachuliya Olga V. , Bespalova Olesya N. , Kogan Igor Yu.
Published: January 2025

Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is one of the most common pregnancy complications and a leading cause of iatrogenic preterm birth.
AIM: To examine the potential causes of fetal growth restriction and available treatment options, based on a comprehensive literature review from the past decade utilizing search databases such as PubMed and Elibrary.
The most common etiology of intrauterine growth restriction is abnormal placentation, frequently associated with impaired placental blood flow. Fetuses with growth restriction and significant abnormalities in umbilical artery blood flow are at increased risk of adverse outcomes, including intrauterine fetal demise, neonatal death, and neonatal morbidity such as hypoglycemia, hyperbilirubinemia, hypothermia, intraventricular hemorrhage, necrotizing enterocolitis, and seizure syndrome. Additionally, epidemiological studies indicate that fetuses with IUGR are predisposed to cognitive delays during childhood and conditions such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, and ischemic heart disease in adulthood. Various pharmacological interventions are being explored as potential adjuncts to improve fetal outcomes.
Tau-MAP6-Microtubule Axis as a Driver for Biphasic Neurodegeneration in Tauopathy-Patient-Derived Cortical Organoids
Authors:   , Sun Xiaohuan , Qiang Liang
Published: January 2025

In tauopathies like Frontotemporal Dementia (FTD), dysfunctional tau detaches from axonal microtubules (MTs) and forms neurofibrillary tangles. Although traditionally regarded as an MT stabilizer, tau is now understood to primarily promote and maintain labile MTs, challenging prior assumptions about its role as an MT stabilizer as well as MT destabilization in FTD. Conventional models -- relying on postmortem tissue and transgenic mice overexpressing human tau -- often miss early disease dynamics and are constrained by species-specific tau biology. To overcome these limitations, we employed FTD patient-derived human cortical organoids, a novel microphysiological system that recapitulates the complex cytoarchitecture of the human brain. This innovative platform enabled the first comprehensive analysis of MT deficits in tauopathy across two distinct tau mutations (tauP301S and tauP301L) in FTD-patient induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived organoids and their corresponding CRISPR-Cas9-edited isogenic controls, revealing a consistent and reproducible biphasic pattern of MT defects. Early-stage tau mutant organoids exhibited increased MT dynamics (more labile MTs) and heightened neuronal activity, likely due to initially elevated functional tau, which could be partially mitigated by tau reduction. In contrast, late-stage tau mutant organoids, consistent with postmortem tissue from the FTD patients, showed reduced functional tau levels, decreased MT dynamics (more stable MTs), robust tau pathologies, and characteristic neurodegenerative features. Strikingly, MAP6, which directly binds and stabilizes MTs, displayed phase-dependent changes opposite to those of tau, suggesting a regulatory tau-MAP6-MT axis driving neurodegeneration in a stage-specific manner. This biphasic shift in the tau-MAP6-MT axis uncovers a novel MT-based mechanism underlying tauopathy, emphasizing the need for phase-dependent MT therapies for treatment. Furthermore, our findings validate the groundbreaking potential of human iPSC-derived organoids as an effective model for recapitulating dynamic and complex disease phenotypes for neurodegeneration.
Plural ontology of the international: in search of overcoming the crisis in political science
Authors: Kharkevich M.V.
Published: January 2025

The article continues the discussion initiated by Mikhail Ilyin in the second issue of this journal in 2024, addressing the crisis in political science linked to the persistence of outdated 19th-century concepts of social structures and processes. As a solution, the article suggests drawing on the experience of IR theory, which has historically faced similar crises and is now seeking solutions on the ontological level. The author demonstrates that the crises in IR theory and the crisis in political science share a common root cause: an embeddedness in a specific political ontology (post-Heideggerian) characteristic of the modern era, based on the opposition between politics and social being. A vivid example of this is Hobbes’s contrast between political order and the state of nature. The article argues that employing alternative political ontologies described by R. Esposito—such as the ontology of constituting (Deleuzian) or the ontology of instituting (neo-Machiavellian, associated with Claude Lefort)—could resolve these crises in both political science and IR theory. In these alternative frameworks, politics does not oppose the “natural order” but rather constitutes (Deleuzian variant) or institutionalizes (neo-Machiavellian variant) it. However, these approaches may also give rise to crises unique to each ontology. Thus, the article underscores the importance of an ontological turn for overcoming crisis tendencies in contemporary social sciences.
Elite paradox
Authors: Duka A.V.
Published: January 2025

The paradoxical nature of the existence and functioning of power elites is not a new fact. However, it has been the object of few studies. This is due to the ambiguity of the term and of the phenomenon itself,which is described under the name “elite”. This applies equally to the “paradox”. The author, based on the principles of institutional analysis and starting from the theory of structuration and the theory of paradox in its managerial version, studies both concepts and offers an approach to the analysis of the elite paradox. Firstly, the contradictory position of the power elites in the societal system is revealed: being a subsystem, they regulate and direct the functioning of the entire system. Secondly, the multidirectional nature of the system requirements for the elites is studied. Thirdly, the discrepancy perceived by the observer between the expected characteristics and functions (based on ideas about the role of elites in the social system) and those that are actually recorded are considered. These variants represent the modes of the basic structural paradox of the part and the whole. Elites are derivatives of the social order, and they are also active agents in its formation and consolidation of the principles of its functioning. At the same time, elites are forced to go beyond the framework of the normative system they themselves protect. Otherwise, their main function - the stabilization of the system - will not be realized. The poly-role nature of elite individuals and their control of resources can lead to the privatization of power institutions and the realization of group and personal interests to the detriment of public ones. In modern society, the forced openness of the elite leads to a paradox of public intimacy. Elites are doomed to a transborder existence and ambivalent characteristics, primarily moral ones.
Understanding to collaborate: the unique characteristics of NGOs and intersectoral policy
Authors: Jakobson L.I. , Ivanova N.V.
Published: January 2025

This paper aims to explore ways to foster more eﬀective collaboration between the state and non-governmental non-proft organizations (NGOs) when their interests align. While NGOs often perceive state policies as well intentioned but poorly executed, this paper argues that a more effective approach would leverage the unique strengths and weaknesses of NGOs, informed by scientific insights. By comparing Russian realities with established theories, we identify the prerequisites for a thriving NGO sector. A key factor is the intrinsic motivation of NGOs, coupled with adherence to legal frameworks that define their role within the broader societal landscape. Our analysis reveals shortcomings in current state policies. These include a lack of clear distinctions between sectors, hindering the optimal utilization of each sector's strengths, as well as an underestimation of the NGO sector's innovative potential and its unique governance structures. To improve this situation, we propose a gradual transition towards a more efficient model of NGO sector operation. This model would encourage the state to support NGOs without disrupting existing practices, while fostering a shift toward more progressive approaches.
Intangible resources of rural development policy: pyramid of opportunities
Authors: Miroshnichenko I.V. , Morozova E.V. , Rusiya N.T.
Published: January 2025

Political phenomena and processes occurring in rural areas, which were largely neglected by political scientists, are attracting more attention and they present promising problems, which are associated both with ongoing geopolitical transformations and with public discourse on food security and demographic processes. The formation of political rural studies as a sub-branch of political science stands is in its infancy. The purpose of our study is to identify the influence of intangible resources on rural development policy. Development policy is presented as a non-linear process associated with the search and institutional design of alternative development opportunities that take into account the diversity of meanings and dimensions of social well-being. The empirical research methodology underlying this paper combines qualitative and quantitative strategies and is based on an expert survey, traditional document analysis, statistical data analysis, focus group interviews in 12 rural settlements in the Krasnodar Territory and a mass survey. Qualitative and quantitative data analysis allowed us to present a set of intangible resources as a pyramid, in which the broad base, the foundation, is made up of first-order resources - local identity, human potential and leadership; the second tier of the pyramid consists of second-order resources - social capital, development institutions; and at the top are third-order resources - civil solidarity, trust and subjective well-being. A comprehensive analysis of intangible resources has allowed us to identify four empirical models of development policy: a responsible development model, a fragmented development model, a distant development model and a stagnant model.
Transformation of foreign and domestic Polish politics by conservative national populism: consequences of the rule of “Law and Justice”
Authors: Mirzadzhanov T.E.
Published: January 2025

The article analyzes the transformation of Poland's foreign and domestic policies after the rightwing populist Law and Justice Party (PiS) came to power and established national conservatism as the state ideology. First of all, the article examines the specific historical narratives of the PiS, which justify the policies it pursues, and the transformation of the Polish vision of diplomacy and geopolitics by these narratives. Particular attention is paid to the study of the role of history and the past as a guide to political action for right-wing conservative populists using the example of PiS. The specific populist ideological attitudes of the PiS directly affect Poland's relations with the EU, Germany, France and the United Kingdom. The author proves that the party's rule sowed discord in the European Union, demonstrated the inadequacy of its mechanism for controlling its own members and worsened Poland's relations with Western European countries, established back in the 1990s. In its domestic policy, the PiS openly pursued an illiberal democratic policy. Our focus is on both the specific steps of this policy and the study of the reasons for its support by broad sections of the Polish electorate. The article identifies the political-economic and legal-administrative consequences of the PiS rule, the damage it has caused to the media and court systems, the creation of a developed paternalistic or client-corporatist system in the country. Separately, we study the PiS policy of exclusive ethnic identity, which forms a new party-Polish identity and excludes critics of the regime from the nation, which has led to increased mistrust, intolerance, and rejection of consensus as a method of achieving socio-cultural harmony. This may lead in the long-term, to profoundly disastrous consequences for Polish society, resulting in a dangerous level of social polarization and conflict, entailing violence.
Thermal-Fluid and Optical Considerations in the Design of Porous Cavity
Receivers
Authors: Boldt Koda D.
Published: January 2025

Concentrated solar power (CSP) is a versatile renewable energy source that
cleanly provides thermal energy by means of concentrating solar irradiance. One
form of CSP, central receiver systems (CRS), utilizes receivers that allow for a
solid medium to act as a heat exchanger between the solar irradiance and an
optically clear working fluid. This solid medium can take many forms. One such
form that shows great potential in high temperature applications is a porous
receiver made of a ceramic material. The porous media is subject to solar
irradiance to heat its surface. Air is then pulled across the porous media to
extract heat. This is important not only for generating useful thermal energy,
but also to keep the porous media from overheating. These types of cavity
receivers are employed in a variety of systems as a means of power generation or
to generate thermal energy for use in industrial processes. Cavity receivers are
subject to nonuniform concentrations of solar irradiance across their surfaces,
creating hotspots that lead to additional thermally induced stress. This
research applied coupled thermal-fluid and optical models in order to address
three research areas. The first is understanding the effects of cavity shape and
size on the heat flux distribution of cavity receivers applied to asymmetric
heliostat fields. The second is in the implementation of a variable porosity
cavity receiver for the purpose of controlling fluid inlet velocities across the
receiver’s surface. The third and final area to be analyzed by this paper is the
sensitivity of the air return ratio of a cavity receiver with respect to the
return air reinjection velocity. Key conclusions were drawn in several areas,
including which cavities produce the most desirable heat flux concentrations,
which methods of porosity distributions perform the best in hotspot mitigation,
and how air return ratios vary with return air reinjection and outlet air
velocities.
A Journey to the Center of the Cell
Authors: Gazdik Tana Ranae
Published: January 2025

Cellular signaling pathways are the main method of communication between cells
throughout the body. Of the many complex signaling pathways, the Notch signaling
pathway is an ancient, highly conserved pathway critical to most animal life.
This pathway is not only able to respond to juxtracrine signals from neighboring
cells, but also acts as a microenvironment sensor, allowing cells to react to a
variety of situations. Thus, understanding the mechanisms behind the regulation
of Notch signaling is crucial to improving our basic understanding of Notch in
cell biology and development. This dissertation introduces two previously
undescribed non-canonical regulatory mechanisms of the Notch signaling pathway:
heterodimerization and biomolecular condensate formation. Although Notch1
homodimerization has been characterized, the details of interaction between the
four Notch isoforms have yet to be fully explored. We found that not only do all
four Notches heterodimerize, but that these head-to-head dimer interactions are
transcriptionally relevant. The second non-canonical mechanism, LLPS condensate
formation, has only begun to be discovered, with little research exploring
Notch1 localization into non-membrane bound organelles. We have found that each
Notch isoform differentially forms these biomolecular condensates, leaving much
to be uncovered about their overall function. My work, as well as that of my
colleagues, has begun to characterize an entirely new understanding of how Notch
signaling works. Once thought to be a straightforward pathway, my contributions
as a basic scientist have introduced a layer of complexity that will help to
understand how Notch can perform a variety of functions.
Exploring the Effects of Dopants on the Opto-Electrical Response of
Ge2Se3-Based Optically Gated Transistor (OGT)
Authors: Kabir Md Faisal
Published: January 2025

In this work, the electrical and optical responses of chalcogenide glass (ChG)
Ge2Se3-based optically gated transistors (OGTs) were
investigated. The device can act as a selector for resistive memory devices and
potentially enable the production of functional high-density resistive (and
memristive) arrays.

The OGT was developed using a Ge2Se3-based material
heterostructure and demonstrated to successfully gate a memristor with light.
The light intensity provided a built-in compliance current, allowing multi-state
programming. By varying the light intensity incident on
Ge2Se3 material, a family of current-voltage (I-V)
curves were measured that are similar to those obtained with a metal oxide
semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET).

Based on these promising findings, I proceeded to investigate how the OGT
operation could be influenced by subtle changes in the material layers,
specifically through doping to see if the current blocking ability as a selector
device, the wavelength sensitivity, compliance current amplitudes, and speed
could be altered. To explore this, I made and performed electrical
characterization on devices with dopants ranging from the Group IV elements (C,
Si, Sn, Pb) to several metal dopants from both the transition metal and main
group series (Ag, Al, Cr, Cu, Ti, W).
From Metabolites to Flux
Authors: Thornton Cale
Published: January 2025

Metabolomics is a well-established field with the first published mention of the
metabolome in 1998 with numerous applications encompassing food science,
microbiology, forensics, plant biology, and many others. In this thesis, I will
describe how we utilized Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to aid in
our understanding of topics ranging from method development, biomass conversion,
to food science. In the first topic, we will probe the challenges and successes
in understanding how to monitor the real-time metabolism of living cells by NMR.
Cells larger can ca. 0.2 μM in diameter tend to settle out of suspension within
minutes. Pluronic F-127 is a biocompatible hydrogel that we tested as a cellular
suspension agent for in-cell NMR. This hydrogel keeps cells suspended within an
NMR tube preventing cell settling, while still allowing for cell homeostasis and
metabolism. This hydrogel has the potential to expand the utilization of in-cell
NMR experimentation to a wider variety of cell types and sizes. Next, we
explored the metabolism of Clostridium thermocellum, an
anaerobic bacteria used in biomass conversion. Clostridium
thermocellum is an efficient degrader of cellulose, converting
plant waste into ethanol. and also has an additional CO2 fixation
pathway. This metabolism of CO2 was relatively uncharacterized.
In-cell NMR analysis identified major downstream metabolites of CO2
consumption as being lactate and formate. The final aspect of this research is
utilizing metabolomic techniques is the comparison of wines prepared
traditionally and with pulsed electric field processing. Pulsed electric field
processing was found to produce a final wine product spectroscopically
indistinguishable as wines that were prepared traditionally. This thesis hopes
to highlight some of the many types of metabolomic analysis possible.
The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Key Sectors of the Russian Economy and Social Sphere
Authors: Katunin Vladimir
Published: January 2025

The article explores the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on various sectors of the Russian economy, including healthcare, agriculture, transportation, industry, and construction. These sectors have been identified by the Ministry of Economic Development and the National Center for Artificial Intelligence as priority areas for AI implementation until 2024.The objectives of this study are to analyze the current status of AI implementation in selected industries, evaluate the potential and prospects for its use in these areas, identify major barriers and challenges associated with AI adoption, and examine successful examples of its application in the Russian economy. Regulatory documents governing the development of AI in Russia, with a focus on Decree No. 490 of the President of the Russian Federation dated October 10, 2019, are analyzed, along with theoretical and empirical sources. Attention is paid to recent developments in AI, such as GPT-4, and their role in modernizing and optimizing various processes. This article explores hypotheses regarding the potential negative consequences of rapid AI adoption, including concerns raised by prominent AI critics such as Eliezer Yudkowsky, Elon Musk, and Steve Wozniak. It also examines the challenges faced by businesses.This takes into account data on the current level of AI implementation in Russia, which is about 32% according to experts on average across various sectors of the economy. The article describes examples of successful AI applications and identifies the main obstacles and prospects for using AI in Russian industry and other sectors. Special attention is paid to the most popular AI technologies, such as intelligent decision support systems and computer vision. According to the National Center for Artificial Intelligence Development, these technologies are used in 71% and 69% of cases, respectively.
The Role of the External Environment in Shaping Individual Life Trajectories of Agents in Artificial Societies
Authors: Rossoshanskaya Elena
Published: January 2025

The article is devoted to the study of the role of the external environment in the formation of individual life trajectories of agents in artificial societies. Research method: content analysis of scientific publications on the problems of agent-based modeling of the external environment and generalization of authors' own experience in computer imitation of demographic processes. The paper reveals the essence of the external environment and its main functions, discusses approaches to simulating the environment of agents' activities in demographic models and its structural features, and describes the authors' personal experience in modeling the components of the external environment that influence the behavior of human agents in an agent-based demographic model of the Far East.
The Gutenberg Test Part 1: Building a Creative AI Agent
Authors: Pozharev Todor
Published: January 2025

This paper asks two questions: 1. Can an artist embed their knowledge into a large language model? 2. Can a large language model generate images at the request of an unskilled user at a level that would satisfy an artist? To answer these questions, the author of the paper, an artist, creates a "creative AI agent" and conducts an experiment called the Gutenberg Test. In a broad sense, the Gutenberg Test is a new methodological approach to testing and evaluating the creative abilities of artificial intelligence. In practical terms, the Gutenberg Test provides a methodological framework that forces an artist to evaluate artistic artifacts created by an AI agent that the artist has developed.
Unlike other AI creativity tests, the Gutenberg Test focuses not only on the analysis of artifacts (output), but rather on the flexibility of interaction with input models. Thus, the "Gutenberg Test" provides an opportunity to observe the implementation of creative processes in a neural network model in a broader context. The methodological novelty and scientific value of the "Gutenberg Test" lie in the approach to assessing the creative ability of AI, based not on objective unattainable criteria, but on the subjective judgment of the artist himself - the author of the AI agent.
The first part of the work is devoted to the study of the process of creating instructions and a knowledge base, as well as to considering a wide range of issues related to the implementation of creative knowledge and the realities of large language models. The second part of the work focuses on testing the agent and analyzing the results obtained.
VI International Conference “Artificial Societies and Information Technologies” and round table “Supercomputer Technologies and Artificial Societies”
Authors: Konkova Tatiana
Published: January 2025

On September 25, 2023, the international conference "Artificial Societies and Information Technologies" was held at the Central Economics and Mathematics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences. On September 26, a round table "Supercomputer Technologies and Artificial Societies" was held.
Contemporary Family Attitudes and Values in Czech Society
Authors: Kuźniar Mariusz
Published: January 2025

Artykuł analizuje postawy i wartości rodzinne w społeczeństwie czeskim, wykorzystując interdyscyplinarne podejście obejmujące aspekty socjologiczne, religijne i kulturowe. Autor bada zmiany w postrzeganiu małżeństwa i życia rodzinnego, uwzględniając zarówno kontekst historyczny, jak i współczesny. Identyfikuje główne trendy kształtujące te postawy i wartości, kluczowe dla struktury społecznej. Celem analizy jest lepsze zrozumienie zmian w życiu rodzinnym oraz identyfikacja czynników wpływających na te wartości. Szczegółowa analiza tych trendów pozwoli również zidentyfikować aktualne wyzwania i możliwe perspektywy rozwoju rodzin. Badanie zmian w postawach i wartościach rodziny jest istotne dla zrozumienia dynamiki życia społecznego i dla opracowania skutecznych strategii społeczno-politycznych, wspierających adaptację rodzin do zmieniających się warunków społeczno-kulturowych i ekonomicznych. Analiza wartości rodzinnych jest kluczowa dla zrozumienia tych zmian i opracowania efektywnej polityki prorodzinnej, wspierającej rozwój społeczno-ekonomiczny oraz kształtowanie tożsamości kulturowej i duchowej. Celem artykułu jest poszerzenie wiedzy na temat życia rodzinnego i zachęcenie do dyskusji na temat roli rodziny w społeczeństwie czeskim oraz jej przyszłości.
The First Stage of the Communist Struggle for Power in Central and Eastern Europe, 1945-1956: The Tragic Fate of the Catholic Church in the Czech Republic and Slovakia
Authors: Mikrut Jan
Published: January 2025

After the end of World War II, Czechoslovakia became a communist state. Until 1948, the country still enjoyed relative peace. After the communist coup in February 1948, all areas of social life were permeated by the ideology of Marxism-Leninism. The Catholic Church and other smaller Christian communities became enemies of the ideological state. In Slovakia, the Catholic Church was more numerous and had a strong tradition; in Bohemia, it had a more complicated history due to the Hussite Wars, the influence of the Lutheran Reformation, and the Thirty Years’ War. After 1918, the Czechoslovak state had been built in opposition to Catholicism according to the slogan, “Down with Rome! Down with Vienna!” From 1948, the communist authorities sought to extinguish all religious activities: educational activities, monastic life, and charitable activities were banned. Research on this period is still quite difficult because religious activists were forced to hide their bravery. This article uses international literature on the subject to present the first stage of the fight against religion and the tragic fate of the Catholic Church hierarchy.
Speculative Christmas
Authors: Judycki Stanisław
Published: January 2025

W artykule podejmowane są następujące kwestie: 1. W jakim sensie stworzenie świata przez Boga można uznać za Jego wcielenie? 2. W jakim sensie tradycyjną chrześcijańską doktrynę na temat creatio continua należy uznać za teorię permanentnego wcielania się Boga? 3. Czy stworzenie osób ludzkich i pozaludzkich należy uznać za pewien rodzaj wcielenia się Boga? 4. Czy wszechwiedza Boga, obejmująca wszelkie możliwe i rzeczywiste zło, nie zmusza Boga do wcielenia jako do próby pokory? 5. Czy posiadany przez idealnie dobrego Boga atrybut wszechmocy nie skłania Go do maksymalnej pychy, a stąd, czy nie zmusza Go do próby pokory, którą według teologii i filozofii chrześcijańskiej było wcielenie się drugiej Osoby Trójcy Świętej? 6. W jakiej relacji pozostają do siebie Królestwo Boże i świat stworzonych osób ludzkich i pozaludzkich?
“The Philosophers’ Steamships”: the Expulsion of the Russian Intelligentsia by the Bolshevik Regime in 1922
Authors: Del Mastro Diana
Published: January 2025

W artykule zbadano jeden z najciemniejszych rozdziałów w historii Rosji, znany pod nazwą „statki filozofów”, który wiązał się z deportacją dużej grupy najwybitniejszych przedstawicieli rosyjskiej inteligencji przez władze bolszewickie w latach 1922–1923. Pasażerowie tych eleganckich parowców stanowili elitę rosyjskiego życia intelektualnego. Byli to pisarze, poeci, dziennikarze, naukowcy i filozofowie. Nie należeli oni do żadnej partii politycznej ani nie wyznawali żadnej konkretnej wiary, ideologii czy doktryny. Ponad jedna trzecia z nich była zaangażowana w rozwijanie duchowej filozofii sztuki i kultury w Rosji. Niektórzy prowadzili wykłady uniwersyteckie, inni to znani pisarze, jeszcze inni byli liderami lokalnych zrzeszeń kooperatyw, lekarzami, agronomami i ekonomistami lub członkami małych sekt czy stowarzyszeń. Wszyscy mieli jedną wspólną cechę: Lenin osobiście wybrał ich do aresztowania i deportacji, uznając ich za niebezpiecznych przeciwników partii bolszewickiej, ale zbyt ryzykownych do zabicia, co uzasadniało ich wydalenie. Ekspatriacja dysydentów intelektualnych w 1922 roku była przewidywalnym krokiem w wewnętrznym rozwoju politycznym kraju. Jej głównym celem było ustanowienie ścisłej kontroli ideologicznej poprzez usunięcie elity intelektualnej kraju – tych, którzy dzięki krytycznemu i niezależnemu myśleniu mogli analizować sytuację i wyrażać idee krytyczne wobec reżimu. To wydarzenie stanowiło przełomowy moment dla rosyjskiej kultury, znacznie przyspieszając eliminację ważnych niekomunistycznych myślicieli z wpływowych i prestiżowych stanowisk w społeczeństwie. Dramatyczne przymusowe wygnanie inteligencji było kamieniem milowym na drodze Rosji ku totalitaryzmowi z ekstremistycznym zwrotem leninizmu i bolszewizmu: od tego momentu członkowie społeczeństwa obywatelskiego o wolnych umysłach i duchu nie będą już tolerowani.
Honouring Ecclesiastical Dignitaries in Poetry – Jacob Masen and His Collection of Poems for the Nuncio Fabius Chigi
Authors: Nowaszczuk Jarosław
Published: January 2025

Niemiecki jezuita Jakub Masen opublikował w 1650 roku traktat „Zwierciadło obrazów tajemnej prawdy” (Speculum imaginum veritatis occultae), do którego dołączył zbiór panegirycznych wierszy o wspólnym tytule „Rok jubileuszowy z symboli” (Jubilaeus symbolicus). Poeta dedykował 50 utworów nuncjuszowi apostolskiemu Fabiuszowi Chigiemu, późniejszemu papieżowi Aleksandrowi VII. Artykuł przedstawia ten szczególny zbiór wierszy, które stanowią świadectwo dawnego zwyczaju honorowania dostojników kościelnych w poezji w celu ich upamiętnienia. Kwestie ściśle literaturoznawcze zostały pominięte, w opracowaniu omówione natomiast zostają okoliczności powstania wierszy i metoda, jaką posłużył się autor w celu uwydatnienia walorów osobistych i osiągnięć nuncjusza, z uwzględnieniem środków formalnych i treściowych wykorzystanych przez pisarza.
On The Death of Saint Joseph. Notes on the book by Jan Zieliński
Authors: Sikorska-Krystek Aleksandra
Published: January 2025

This article introduces French press sources discussing the painting The Death of Saint Joseph exhibited in Galerie Colbert in Paris during the summer of 1862, whose authorship was attributed at the time to Raphael. One admirer of the exhibition was Cyprian Norwid.Under the impression that he was in the presence of a Renaissance masterpiece, he wrote two touching letters to Joanna Kuczyńska, in which he shared his impressions of the exhibition. The cited sources supplement the findings contained in the book by Jan Zieliński, reveal the inside story behind the mystification, and narrate the future fate of the painting admired by the poet.
Compreendendo o design por meio das plataformas: o caso do consumo de moda no Shopee
Authors: Dantas Ítalo José de Medeiros , Soares Júnior Glauber , Montardo Sandra Portella , Curth Marcelo
Published: January 2025

Este artigo tem por objetivo analisar a plataforma de comercialização Shoppe, a partir de sua estrutura e dos comentários dos consumidores. Conduziu-se um estudo de caso em duas partes: I) Análise de macrouniverso da plataforma, focado na identificação e discussão das características de plataforma da Shoppe, articulando com as funções do Design; e, II) Análise de microuniverso, focado em apenas um dos anúncios, onde se coletou 248 comentários com foco em identificar os valores de design presentes em tais textos. A primeira etapa do estudo revelou a característica de datificação e plataforma como mais possível de influenciar a percepção das funções do Design. O segundo estudo demonstrou que os consumidores se atêm a comentários de valores pragmáticos, evidenciando atributos materiais e da interação usuário-produto.
"Gorda": mapeamentos e correlações sobre um corpo abjeto a partir da ferramenta Google Trends
Authors: Dantas de Figueiredo Carolina , Maia Albuquerque Pessoa Juliana
Published: January 2025

O presente estudo discute as associações atribuídas ao corpo gordo por meio das buscas na web em território brasileiro, tendo como principal objetivo mapear as buscas que utilizam a palavra “gorda” por meio do Google Trends. Para a realização do mapeamento, e a fim de melhor compreender as dinâmicas entre os usuários do Google e seu banco de dados, foi utilizada a Teoria Ator-Rede. Adicionalmente, este artigo contou com análises que abordaram o corpo gordo numa perspectiva de vigilância, de acordo com Foucault, e de corpo abjeto seguindo Butler. Percebeu-se que os adjetivos utilizados nas buscas com a palavra gorda implicam em um local de abjeção às mulheres gordas, criando correlações com outras minorias, também consideradas abjetas. Como achado principal, confirma-se que as buscas brasileiras na web sobre as mulheres gordas são discriminatórias.