bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TRANSFORMING THE MANAGER’S ROLE UNDER TEAM WORK CONDITIONS
Authors:   Doctor of Economics, Professor, Dean of the Faculty of Economics and Management, Ivanovo Power Engineering Institute, Ivanovo, Russia, KARYAKIN A. M. , VELIKOROSSOV V. V. ,   Doctor of Economics, Professor, head of the department, Plekhanov Russian Economic University, Moscow, Russia, FILIN S. A. ,   Doctor of Economics, Professor, Plekhanov Russian Economic University, Moscow, Russia
Published: December 2020

Wide spread occurrence of team work in developed countries in different spheres of management actualizes the problematic of manager’s role change, their functions in new conditions. Nowadays a great number of kinds and forms of organization management is observed while using teams. The article analyzes the most common types and forms of management in organizations of different profiles when using commands.
MANAGEMENT OF TAX CONTROL: THE PERSPECTIVE OF THE TAX MARKETING
Authors:   Candidate of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Management and Marketing, Vyatka State University, Kirov, Russia, SOZINOVA A. A. , PALKINA N. V. ,   Student of the Faculty of Economics and Management, Vyatka State University, Kirov, Russia
Published: December 2020

The purpose of the article is to consider the possibility of using marketing tools in tax control. The authors proved the incompleteness of the applied tax control methodology. A model of tax marketing of tax control management is proposed to increase the competitiveness of territories. The article is practical in nature and offers recommendations on the use of the developed model, which can be used in tax control to improve the efficiency of territories and attract more taxpayers.
TECHNIQUE SCORING THE ANALYSIS IN RESEARCH OF DYNAMICS OF DEVELOPMENT OF INNOVATIVE STARTUPS ON AN EXAMPLE OF SPHERE OF RENDERING OF SERVICES
Authors:   Doctor of Economics, Senior Lecturer, the Professor of Chair of Logistics and Management of the Kazan National Research Technological University, Kazan, Russia, ZHUKOVSKAYA I. V.
Published: December 2020

In the article the model of ability to live of innovative startups in sphere of rendering of services on the basis of an administrative configuration scoring the models which advantages is use of product SAS Enterprise Miner 5.1 and product introduction SAS Servise Scoring is developed.
INFLUENCE OF THE STYLE OF MANAGEMENT ON THE MENTAL BURNING OF EMPLOYEES OF MUNICIPAL SERVICES
Authors:   Teacher, Vladimir state University named after the Alexander Grigorievich and Nikolai Grigorievich Stoletovs, Vladimir, Russian Federation, FILATOV V. O. , SAVEL'EV I. I. ,   Candidate of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor, Vladimir state University named after the Alexander Grigorievich and Nikolai Grigorievich Stoletovs, Vladimir, Russian Federation, FILATOVA O. V. ,   Candidate of Psychological Sciences, Associate Professor, Head of Department, Vladimir state University named after the Alexander Grigorievich and Nikolai Grigorievich Stoletovs, Vladimir, Russian Federation
Published: December 2020

The article is devoted to the problem of the influence of managerial style on the formation and develop-ment of mental burnout among employees of municipal services. The authors, based on the results of an empirical study, offered recommendations for the prevention of the development of this professional defor-mation.
PROBLEMS OF IMPLEMENTING PROJECT MANAGEMENT IN SMALL BUSINESS
Authors:   doctor of economic sciences, Professor of the Department of Management, Vladimir state University named after the Alexander Grigorievich and Nikolai GrigorievichStoletovs, Vladimir, Russian Federation, POLZUNOVA N. N. , POLZUNOV I. S. ,   graduate student, Vladimir state University named after the Alexander Grigorievich and Nikolai GrigorievichStoletovs, Vladimir, Russian Federation, SUKHAREVA T. A. ,   Vladimir state University named after the Alexander Grigorievich and Nikolai Grigorievich Stoletovs, Vladimir, Russian Federation
Published: December 2020

Small business plays a huge role in the development of economic systems at various levels. The external environment affects the processes occurring in small business organizations, setting more and more new tasks. The project approach allows for timely and flexible solution to these problems. Small businesses face difficulties in implementing project management in their operations. The article discusses the problems asso-ciated with the implementation of project management in the activities of small businesses. Measures aimed at solving the identified problems are given.
E-COMMERCE: DYNAMICS AND PROSPECTS DEVELOPMENT
Authors:   Doctor of Economics, Professor of Vladimir state University named after Alexander Grigorievich and Nikolai Grigorievich Stoletovs, Vladimir, Russian Federation, DMITRIEV Yu. A. , MAMEDOV S. N. ,   Candidate of Law, Professor of,Vladimir state University named after Alexander Grigorievich and Nikolai Grigorievich Stoletovs, Vladimir, Russian Federation, NEFEDOVA K. A. ,   Candidate of Economics, Associate Professor of Vladimir state University named after Alexander Grigorievich and Nikolai Grigorievich Stoletovs, Vladimir, Russian Federation
Published: December 2020

The article highlights the main trends and features of the development of e-Commerce in Russia and abroad. In order to reveal the presented topic, we consider the dynamics of online shopping in the world, the concentration of the Internet sales market by segment, and the overall dynamics of the global retail Internet trade market. Special attention is paid to the volume and structure of online trading on the Russian market. The article also presents the characteristics of the business model of modern Internet Commerce: its types and main formats of organization of Internet platforms are considered.
CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK FOR MANAGING THE ECONOMIC BEHAVIOR OF AN INDUSTRIAL PARK
Authors:   Senior Lecturer, Department of Chess Art and Computer Mathematics, Ural State University of Economics, Ekaterinburg, Russia, MIRONOV D. S.
Published: December 2020

In this article, using general scientific methods, the existing approaches to making management decisions in the process of implementing one or another variant of the economic behavior of an industrial park are analyzed. The results of the system analysis revealed that most approaches do not fully take into account the peculiarities of the economic behavior of the industrial park, depending on the interests of residents and resource suppliers. The main interest groups and conceptual basis for choosing an option for such behavior are presented.
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF APPROACHES TO MANAGING INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT IN HIGH-TECH COMPANIES ABROAD (on the example of Airbus and Boeing)
Authors:   Graduate Student of the Department of Applied Economics, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia, VOLKOVA E. V. , KOKUYTSEVA T. V. ,   Candidate of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor at the Department of Applied Economics, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia
Published: December 2020

The article analyses the approaches to the management of innovative development of leading foreign companies in the high-tech sector of the economy (for example, Airbus and Boeing). It shows which transformations in management took place in these companies because of the coronavirus pandemic, which led to a lockdown and subsequently to a deterioration in the global financial and economic situation. In this aspect, the issues related to the problem of managing business processes and human resources under the risks and uncertainty are considered; the directions of adaptation of the best world practices into Russian enterprises are proposed.
Ecclesia in America, treinta años después: Relectura y resonancias histórico-teológicas
Authors: Piccone Camere Carlos
Published: December 2020

Al cumplirse treinta años de la publicación de la exhortación apostólica Ecclesia in America, el presente artículo sintetiza sus ideas centrales, deteniéndose en términos claves que fueron utilizados programáticamente por el papa Juan Pablo II. Después de esta relectura, el autor deja resonar algunos ecos históricos del documento, rastreando su posible afiliación a determinadas líneas historiográficas. Finalmente, a pesar de que la realidad en el continente americano haya sufrido profundas transformaciones en las últimas tres décadas, se valora la vigencia del mensaje de fondo del documento.
Fighting Hydra
Authors: Rehsmann Julia
Published: December 2020

This article sheds light on the experiences of people waiting for a liver transplant. I argue that waiting lists serve as a technological tool to deal with the uncertainties inherent in medicine, but like Hercules fi ghting Hydra, one tamed uncertainty is merely replaced by two new ones. Drawing on ethnographic material from Germany, I argue that these lists retain those waiting in a temporal limbo of uncertain duration and outcome, making them spatially, temporally and existentially immobile.
Ungewisse Zukünfte am Lebensbeginn
Authors: Feith Dominik , Marquardt Bernd
Published: December 2020

The article explores a new area of action situated in between family and medicine at the beginning of human life from a sociological perspective. Empirical data is used to demonstrate how the knowledge of an unborn child’s malformation creates diff erent forms of uncertainty for medical professionals and parents, coining their social construction of the child. Lastly, these two specifi c ways of dealing with uncertainty are systematically characterised.
El imaginario racial y la literatura estadounidense
Authors:   Universidad de La Habana, Constantin Agramonte Regina de las Mercedes
Published: December 2020

El objeto de estudio de este trabajo es el imaginario racial en el discurso literario estadounidense. El objetivo es determinar cómo el discurso de actantes ilocutivos y sujetos valoradores femeninos negros refleja el imaginario racial del sujeto de la enunciación. Se desarrolla la base teórica de la investigación, que incluye el discurso, el Análisis Crítico del Discurso, los imaginarios y la ideología. Para ejecutar las tareas se utilizaron los métodos de revisión de la literatura especializada, el histórico-lógico, el inductivo-deductivo, análisis literario, Análisis Crítico del Discurso, y analítico-sintético. Se estudiaron varias obras de la literatura estadounidense con temática racial escritas por autores blancos y negros para entender sobre las dificultades para escribir sobre el “otro”. Finalmente, se escogió como muestra el discurso de sujetos valoradores femeninos negros de la novela The Help, que ha sido objeto de controversia desde su publicación. Se realizó un análisis dimensional que demostró que efectivamente el imaginario racial tiene un gran impacto en la descripción de los personajes, aunque la novela comparte elementos positivos con algunas obras de la literatura afroamericana.
Future Proofing the Success of Food Festivals Through Determining the Drivers of Change: A Case Study ofWellington on a Plate
Authors: Yeoman Ian , McMahon-Beattie Una , Findlay Katherine , Goh Sandra , Tieng Sophea , Nhem Sochea
Published: December 2020

In parallel with the growth and popularity of food tourism, the increase in food-specific events and festivals has been significant. Events have become an important element of the experience economy; often their economic and social benefits have been related to improvements in the quality of life for communities and regions. Food festivals provide an opportunity for event goers to socialize, as by their nature they bring people together. However, how do we future proof the success of such events? Adopting a practice theory position and a pragmatism paradigm, this article investigates the future of food festivals using a case study of Wellington on a Plate (WOAP), which is New Zealand's most successful food festival, operated by the Wellington Culinary Events Trust (WCET). In line with scenario planning research methods, 12 "remarkable persons" were interviewed to identify 22 megadrivers of change, including mobility, redefining luxury, technological immersion, social capital, social demography changes, and accessibility. Adapting Yeoman's conceptual framework of food tourism drivers for food festivals and linking to these megadrivers of change, a conceptual framework was derived that considers five factors of success:Food festivals as political capital; Food festivals as a visionary state; Sense of community; The drive for affluence and exclusivity; andFluid identity and foodies.The development of this conceptual framework, which links success to the external environment, contributes to the future proofing of food festivals.
Accuracy Of Transperineal Sonography And Distal Loopogram In Determining Distal Rectal Pouch-Perineal Distance And Fistula On Anorectal Malformation Post Colostomy Patients At Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang
Authors: Saksono Sindu , Erial Bahar  , Halomoan Sejahtera  , Uli Hanna Marsinta
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Background : Imperforated anus is a congenital abnormality which is better known as anorectal malformation. The incidence of anorectal malformations is 1 in 4000 to 5000 live births. The incidence of anorectal malformations in Europe varies from 1.14 to 5.96 per 10,000 people and can change each year.1-3 The surgical approach in the management of anorectal malformations depends on the classification of anorectal malformations based on low, intermediate and high location. The distal loopogram or distal colostrography / colostrogram examination is an examination that is very important to determine the location of the distal rectum before definitive repair, but this examination has the disadvantage of using contrast and x-ray radiation. One alternative radiological examination that can be used for faster initial management is  sonographic.7

Method : This study was a diagnostic test study to assess the diagnostic accuracy of the distal loopogram / colostrography examination and sonographic examination with the transperineal approachon post-colostomy Anorectal Malformations patients at Mohammad Hoesin Hospital, Palembang in August 2019-October 20120 or until the number of research samples is met.

Result : There were 21 samples in this study, 11 (52.4%) samples were dominated by clinical appearance without fistula. On the results of ultrasound examination, the majority of samples of rectouretral fistulas were 7 (33.3%). Loopogram examination found the majority of samples without fistulas as many as 10 (47.6%) samples. On intraoperative examination, 7 (33.3%) samples were obtained for rectouretral fistulas. The result of pouch-perineum measurement on ultrasound examination was 1.15 ± 0.6 cm, loopogram was 0.7 ± 1.5 cm, intra-operasionem was 1.8 ± 1.6 cm. In this study, USG has a very high accuracy value with a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 93.8% while the Loopogram has a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 68.8%.

Conclusion : Transperineal ultrasound has a very high accuracy value with a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 93.8% while the Loopogram has a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 68.8%. Although there is a significant difference between the distal rectum -perineal distance calculation with a difference of -0.38 ± 0.70 cm, these two methods are equally accurate in assessing the distal rectal pouch -perineal distance and the location of the fistula.
Effects of different dietary lipid levels in extruded food on the growth of 1+-old carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) cultured in cooling water
Authors: Filipiak Jarosław
Published: December 2020

Carp of the initial individual weight of 1020 g (+55 g) were fed in cages with four kinds of extruded, isoprotein feeds differing in the lipid content (7.5% in feed A, 11.6% in feed B, 15.3% in feed C, and 19.5% in feed D). The main source of lipids was a poultry fat. After the completion of the 52-day-long experiment the following values of the SGR and FCR indices were achieved (respectively): A-1.59 and 1.58, B-1.47 and 1.42, C-1.59 and 1.30, and D-1.59 and 1.29. The stage results, calculated every 7 days, as well as, the above-mentioned final values f FCR and SGR indicated, that throughout the entire period of study, the most favourable results of rearing were achieved while feeding the carp with the feed containing 15.3% of lipids, regardless of the water temperature, which ranged from 22.0-30.0°C at the time of the experiment.
Inhibition of lipid oxidation of the frozen muscle tissue of herring using mustard
Authors: Stodolnik Ludmiła
Published: December 2020

Content of hydroperoxides, secondary products of oxidation, dienes and trienes was analysed in a minced muscle tissue of Baltic herring treated with white mustard, while stored at -25°C.
Campylobacter spp. in freshwater fishes
Authors: Daczkowska-Kozon Elżbieta
Published: December 2020

The aim of this work was to assess to what extend freshwater fishes are carriers of Campylobacter spp. and what species dominate in this environment. Analysis of 106 alimentary canals representing 13 freshwater fish species originated from 5 different water bodies confirmed Campylobacter spp. presence in 8.5% of the samples tested. Numbers of campylobacters did not exceeded 10 CFU/g. The dominating species being C. coli.
Influencia del aprendizaje organizacional en la calidad de la educación de una IES
Authors: García-Bravo Paulo
Published: December 2020

En las organizaciones, y en especial en las militares, se requiere que los conocimientos acerca de los procesos y tareas se puedan mejorar con la finalidad de corresponder ante los retos y desafíos que propone el mundo globalizado actual. Es así como se propone estudiar la influencia del aprendizaje organizacional en la calidad educativa en una IES, de forma concreta en la EFIM, a través de modelos de ecuaciones estructurales que permitan establecer la asociación entre estos constructos y su grado de influencia. Participaron 64 Directivos y Docentes de una Escuela de Formación Militar de la Armada Nacional de Colombia. El diseño metodológico se abordó a través del Análisis de Conglomerados Jerárquicos, Análisis factorial exploratorio y Método de Ecuaciones Estructurales. Como resultados de planteo un análisis de las correlaciones significativas entre calidad educativa y aprendizaje organizacional, determinando que existe una asociación significativa entre los dos constructos.
Diseño de un Sendero Ecológico como Estrategia Pedagógica para Promover el Conocimiento del Ecosistema de Manglar en la Escuela Naval de Cadetes “Almirante Padilla”
Authors: Mendoza-Pérez Cristhian , Vitola-Quintero Marena , Rojas-Sáenz Valeria , Valencia-Rosas Danna
Published: December 2020

El presente trabajo es el resultado de un levantamiento de información en campo orientado a identificar las características ecológicas del ecosistema de manglar presente en inmediaciones de la Escuela Naval de Cadetes “Almirante Padilla”, tales como especies de mangle presentes en el área de estudio y su fauna asociada. Información relevante para diseñar un sendero ecológico que logre mostrar en toda su dimensión la relevancia del bosque de manglar que va desde la gran biodiversidad que alberga hasta la protección que brinda a las costas contra desastres naturales y la erosión. El tipo de investigación fue definida como exploratoria (Ávila 2006), ya que es la primera propuesta de esta naturaleza en la ENAP, con un enfoque cualitativo (Fernández, 2000) toda vez que la información levantada tiene dicho origen; cabe anotar que para el diseño del sendero se desarrollaron los siguientes pasos: 1) Reconocimiento del área de estudio; 2) Identificación de las estaciones de observación; 3) Elaboración del esquema de sendero ecológico. Teniendo en cuenta lo anterior el objetivo de la investigación se centra en la construcción de una herramienta pedagógica (sendero ecológico) orientada a dar a conocer “in situ” todos los beneficios que brinda el ecosistema de manglar al medio ambiente y la sociedad en general así como sus características, propendiendo por su conservación y uso sostenible en el tiempo.
Evaluation of Translation and Interpretation of the Dangme Bible
Authors: Kuwornu-Adjaottor Jonathan E. T.
Published: December 2020

A critical reading of the Dangme translation of the Bible revealed that there are translation problems of some texts that affect the understanding and application of such texts in the religio-cultural context of Dangme Bible readers. Using the mixed method of research and the mother tongue biblical hermeneutics approach, the author sought to research some phrases of three of such problematic texts: Matt 6:12; Mark 1:12; Luke 24:25. The findings are that among Dangme Bible readers, kε ke (Grk. afes, forgive, let go) in Matt 6:12 matches better with tɔmi ɔmε (wrongdoings, sins) rather than hiɔ ɔmε (Grk. ofeileemata, debts); in Mark 1:12, ha nε e ho (permitted him to go) is a better rendition of the Greek ekballoo (threw out/cast out); in Luke 24:25, Oo nyε juεmi he jɔ, (your mind has become cold) tones down the insult in anoeetoi translated as kuasiahi. The author’s translation of the texts would go a long way in helping Dangme Bible readers understand the said texts in context. The paper has thus, added Dangme translations and interpretations of Matt 6:12, Mark 1:12 and Luke 24:25 to the existing translations and interpretations of the texts.
DESIRE AT THE KIOSK: PUBLICITY AND BARCELONA IN THE 1930S
Authors: Mendelson Jordana
Published: December 2020

Publicity in Barcelona during the 1930s generated some remarkable examples of visual modernity that at the same time function as indicators of a widespread cultural practice motivated by the intersection of applied psychology and photographic experimentation. One of the foremost theoreticians and practitioners of the use of photography in advertising was Pere Català-Pic, who through his involvement with the Generalitat’s Institut Psicotècnic was also a leader in the rationalization and teaching of publicity. This essay examines Català-Pic’s work in the light of his critical writings on the phototechnician and his central role in the transformation of commercial publicity into political propaganda during the Civil War, a process that drew upon the debates of the previous decade and that is illuminated through the study of Català-Pic’s public and private correspondence with Pedro Prat-Gaballí.
LA GRAN ENCISERA: THREE ODES TO BARCELONA, AND A FILM
Authors: Sobrer Josep Miquel
Published: December 2020

Three odes to Barcelona, written by Jacint Verdaguer, Joan Maragall, and “Pere Quart” [Joan Oliver] respectively, make clear the changing faces of the city. For Verdaguer, Barcelona is an expansive metropolis on its way to greatness. For Maragall, Barcelona, while rocked by conflict, remains the inescapable center and “great enchantress” of Catalan life. For Pere Quart, Barcelona is the locus of a sweeping revolution aimed at bringing about a new social order —a hope promptly shattered by the Spanish war of 1936-39. The three odes roughly correspond to three generations and offer a poetic history of the city. Skipping a generation and shifting from poetry to film, the article addresses Barcelona at the turn of the twentieth century as seen by Pedro Almodóvar in his 1998 Oscar-winning film, Todo sobre mi madre. In Almodóvar’s portrait, Barcelona is detached from its role as Catalan capital and becomes a globalized city for postmodern pilgrimages. As if to underscore this move, the celebrated technique known as trencadís employed by Gaudí and other modernists (and consisting of broken pieces of ceramic put together to form new ornamental compositions) serves as a symbolic backdrop to a number of characters who flock to the city to give new meaning to their fragmented selves.
Three new and one little-known species of Hypogastruridae (Collembola) from Russia’s northeast
Authors: Babenko Anatoly , Efeykin Boris , Bizin Mikhail
Published: December 2020

Three new species,Hypogastrura variatasp. nov.,Xenylla aculeatasp. nov., andX. arneisp. nov., are described based on material from coastal communities of the Sea of Okhotsk, northeast Russia. Taxonomic remarks concerning a little-known species,H. yosiiStach, 1964, found in coastal wrack sediments on Kunashir Island, Kuriles are also given. COI sequences of the above species are analysed, thus allowing for their species statuses to be confirmed.
Association of OCT Angiography Parameters With Age in Cognitively Healthy Older Adults
Authors: Polascik Bryce W. , Thompson Atalie C. , Yoon Stephen P. , Powers James H. , Burke James R. , Grewal Dilraj S. , Fekrat Sharon
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:

To evaluate the association of changes in retinal anatomy and micro-vasculature with age and sex in cognitively healthy older adults.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:

Cross-sectional study of cognitively healthy subjects aged 50 years and older who underwent optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) to estimate the association between age and sex with ganglion cell layer-inner plexiform layer (GC-IPL); central subfield thickness (CST); subfoveal choroidal thickness (CT); foveal avascular zone (FAZ) size; and superficial (SCP), deep (DCP), and whole capillary plexus (WCP) vessel density (VD) and perfusion density (PD) measured in the ETDRS 3-mm and 6-mm circle and rings.

RESULTS:

Among 141 older adults (72.9% female; median age: 69 years), 282 eyes were imaged. Females had a greater CT, GC-IPL thickness, and FAZ size and a lower CST than males. After controlling for sex, both CT (
P
= .001) and GC-IPL thickness (
P
< .001) decreased with age, whereas FAZ size and CST did not. There was a reduction in VD and PD in SCP, DCP, and WCP with age in the 3-mm circle, 3-mm ring, and 6-mm circle (all
P
< .05).

CONCLUSIONS:

There is a significant reduction in both VD and PD, as well as decreased choroidal and GC-IPL thickness associated with aging, even beyond the fifth decade, in cognitively healthy adults.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2020;51:706–714.]
Hybridized weak Galerkin finite element methods for Brinkman equations
Authors: Jia Jiwei , Lee Young-Ju , Feng Yue , Wang Zichan , Zhao Zhongshu
Published: December 2020

This paper presents a hybridized weak Galerkin (HWG) finite element method for solving the Brinkman equations. Mathematically, Brinkman equations can model the Stokes and Darcy flows in a unified framework so as to describe the fluid motion in porous media with fractures. Numerical schemes for Brinkman equations, therefore, must be designed to tackle Stokes and Darcy flows at the same time. We demonstrate that HWG is capable of providing very accurate and stable numerical approximations for both Darcy and Stokes. The main features of HWG is that it approximates the differential operators by their weak forms as distributions and it introduces the Lagrange multipliers to relax certain constraints. We establish the optimal order error estimates for HWG solutions of Brinkman equations. We also present a Schur complement formulation of HWG, which reduces the systems' computational complexity significantly. A number of numerical experiments are provided to confirm the theoretical developments.
Estudio y análisis de la accesibilidad para personas con discapacidad física en el acceso a comercios y locales de la ciudad de Murcia
Authors: Mayordomo-Martínez Diego , García-Mateos Ginés , Carrillo de Gea Juan Manuel
Published: December 2020

Con un porcentaje mundial de personas con discapacidad del 15%, la accesibilidad universal resulta una consideración fundamental en el diseño habitable de los edificios. Además, debido al envejecimiento de la población, especialmente en España, este será un factor clave de la sostenibilidad desde el punto de vista humano. Este artículo presenta un caso de estudio de la accesibilidad en el acceso a comercios de la ciudad de Murcia. En primer lugar, se expone la normativa de accesibilidad aplicable y los criterios de los usuarios a través de la Federación Murciana FAMDIF, para después describir el extenso trabajo de campo llevado a cabo, donde se han analizado in situ más de 650 comercios y locales de servicios por personal técnico. Por su volumen, se trata de uno de los mayores estudios realizados hasta la fecha. Como resultado, se ha obtenido que solo 1/5 de los locales son accesibles en la entrada, mientras que casi 3/4 no cumplen las normativas vigentes. Creemos que este trabajo ayudará a concienciar y a mejorar la accesibilidad física en el futuro.
El Reino de Loango: fuentes cartográficas y textuales en Semprilis y Genorodano (1629)
Authors: Losada Palenzuela José Luis
Published: December 2020

La novela helenizante Historia de las fortunas de Semprilis y Genorodano (1629) de Juan Enríquez de Zúñiga se adscribe, a pesar de algunas diferencias significativas, a la nómina de seguidores del Persiles cervantino. La geografía ficcional que se despliega en esta novela, llena de naufragios, islas y bárbaros tiene a primera vista una disparatada e inverosímil configuración espacial que llega a conectar fácilmente por mar Tartaria, África ecuatorial, Constantinopla, Polonia o Barcelona. Recurrimos al análisis de fuentes textuales (Giovanni Botero) y cartográficas (Abraham Ortelius) sobre sus noticias sobre el Reino de Loango y el Congo para demostrar cómo la propia naturaleza de las fuentes cartográficas puede servir de matriz narrativa que trasladada al texto un viaje imaginario sobre el mapa. Nos apoyaremos metodológicamente en el trabajo de Jörg Dünne, quien interpreta como un tipo de escritura cartográfica la combinación cervantina de diversos significantes cartográficos en el Persiles, en particular en la ficcionalización del Norte, para crear una estructura espacial ficcional.
Fighting Mass Incarceration, Fighting for Life: Elements for a History of the Present in Brazil
Authors: Telles Vera da Silva , Godoi Rafael , Brito Juliana Gomes Machado , Mallart Fábio
Published: December 2020

In this article, we analyze how police violence and practices of incarceration foster the emergence of a multifaceted political field, which mobilizes various collectives, movements, and activists. We seek to build an analytical plan that allows incorporating these political movements in the prison studies area, demonstrating how incarceration, together with other punitive devices, constitutes a point of articulation and transformation of these social movements. Taking as an empirical reference experiencesof political articulation in São Paulo, Brazil, we highlight the centrality that prison acquires on the agenda of these movements and the role that victims of state violence perform in them.
Jouer-déjouer : une posture d’intervention subversive en prison
Authors: Branders Chloé
Published: December 2020

Jouer-déjouer est la proposition conceptuelle centrale de cet article. À sa lumière, il s’agit de faire l’analyse d’une posture d’animation théâtrale en prison qualifiée de subversive. La complexité de la posture d’animation tient en la résolution de l’animateur de ne pas restreindre son action à choisir entre l’acceptation ou le rejet complet des logiques pénales. Pris dans une tension perpétuelle, l’animateur de théâtre joue-déjoue le jeu institutionnel, participant ainsi à la subversion de l’institution de réclusion.
Contestation, mutineries et évasions. Les registres de mobilisation dans les prisons (Burundi, Cameroun, Côte d’Ivoire)
Authors: Deslaurier Christine , Marcis Frédéric Le , Morelle Marie
Published: December 2020

Dans le contexte de restaurations autoritaires ou de situations de post-conflit auxquelles se heurtent maintes sociétés africaines, les incarcérations politiques s’accompagnent de prises de paroles à la radio, dans la presse ou dans des essais et des témoignages publiés. Ce sont des occasions de construire la prison comme problème public sur les agendas nationaux et internationaux, au-delà de la seule dénonciation des pouvoirs en place. Toutefois, hors de ces moments explicites de politisation de la prison, celle-ci demeure le domaine de l’intervention humanitaire, axée sur le soin. S’il importe bien sûr de rendre compte des effets de cette action sur les images et le fonctionnement du système carcéral, cet article propose de faire un pas de côté en observant d’autres modalités de contestation de l’incarcération et de ses conditions, révélant des tactiques de résistance et de subversion émanant de détenus de droit commun. Partant de recherches conduites dans trois pays (Burundi, Cameroun, Côte d’Ivoire), cet article discute du rapport au politique en prison, appréhendé dans sa dimension informelle, en marge des arènes officielles, et s’attache à révéler les processus de légitimation comme de délégitimation des acteurs et des registres de la critique carcérale. Finalement, que tolère-t-on du fonctionnement carcéral ? Quels éléments en seraient, à l’inverse, intolérables ?
Fighting Border Control in Three Sites of Confinement: Contestation and Visibility in Prison, Immigration Detention and Under Digital Confinement in New York
Authors: Boe Carolina S.
Published: December 2020

Borders come into existence within nation-states in multiple spaces including prisons, detention centers and through forms of digital confinement. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork and biographical interviews with foreign-nationals facing deportation from the USA, this contribution focuses on the possibilities of contestation of deportation and conditions of detention in three spaces of confinement: prison, immigration detention and the use of electronic monitoring for border control purposes in the New York Metropolitan Area. The focus is different from previous work on the links between resistance in prison and in penalized neighborhoods on the one hand, and the strategies of invisibility of undocumented migrants on the other, with its attention to modes of visibility and publicity as strategies to subvert border control and contest deportation. It specifically analyzes the ways in which forms of resistance to the border developed in institutions of confinement can be turned into larger public transcripts of protest, through alliances with citizens and engagements in public arenas that lay outside of prisons and detention centers. These mobilizations are reinforced but sometimes also weakened through strategies of visibility, especially with the reconfigurations of activism through social media and the developments of forms of digital confinement and surveillance.
Erectile disfunction medical treatment with phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors (PDE5i) in patients with retinitis pigmentosa and side effects
Authors: Cocci Andrea , Romano Andrea , Morelli Girolamo , Frediani Davide , Sodi Andrea , Russo Giorgio Ivan
Published: December 2020

Retinitis pigmentosa represents a heterogeneous group of degenerative hereditary pathologies of the retinal photoceptors, some forms mainly affect the cones and others the rods. The prevalence of the disease is of 1 case per 3000-5000 inhabitants, in 80-90% of cases these are forms with prevalent involvement of the rods (RCD) and in 10-20% of cases of forms with prevalent involvement of the cones (CRD) [...].
HIV/AIDS knowledge and attitude towards people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA): a cross-sectional study of primary school teachers
Authors: O Nwimo Ignatius , A Elom Nwamaka , I Ilo Cajetan , N Ojide Rita , A Ezugwu Uchechukwu , U Eke Vitalis , E Ezugwu Lazaus
Published: December 2020

Background: Teachers are in advantage position to propagate correct information with regard to HIV/AIDS thereby influencing attitude towards PLWHA. With correct information stigmatization leading to spread of the scourge might be prevented.

Aims & Objectives: The study was conducted to determine knowledge and attitude of primary school teachers towards PLWHA.

Methods & Materials: The cross-sectional survey was used to study a sample of 400 primary school teachers in Ebonyi State, Nigeria. The instrument used for data collection was researchers’ designed questionnaire. Out of 400 copies of ques- tionnaire administered; 394 representing 98.5% return rate, were used for analysis of data.

Results: Results showed respondents had moderate (57.4%) knowledge concerning HIV/AIDS and positive attitude (3.09 ± 0.98) to PLWHA. Female teachers’ dispositions to PLWHA were better than the males based on their attitude scores and the difference was not significant in general knowledge of HIV/AIDS and attitude to PLWHA.

Conclusion: Our findings underscore the need for a universal health education programme, focusing on HIV/AIDS educa- tion, in education institutions that train teachers in Nigeria so as to possibly mitigate the discrepancy in knowledge regarding curability of AIDS and any undesirable attitude towards PLWHA that may arise among teachers.

Keywords: HIV/AIDS; knowledge; attitude; PLWHA; primary school; teachers.
Association between osteoporosis and hepatitis B cirrhosis: a case-control study
Authors: Zhang Yijin , Gao Xuesong , Liu Ting , Gao Ping , Li Hongjie , Liu Nan , Gao Lili , Wan Gang , Zhang Yaonan , Duan Xuefei
Published: December 2020

Background and aims: Hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related cirrhosis is associated with decreased bone mineral density (BMD); however, the mechanism is yet unknown. To assess the incidence of osteoporosis in patients with HBV-associated cirrhosis and relevant mechanisms.

Methods: A total of 80 hospitalized patients with HBV-associated cirrhosis and 80 healthy controls were enrolled. The levels of serum osteocalcin, total procollagen type 1 amino-terminal propeptide, β-C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (β-CTX), and 25-hydroxy vitamin D3 (25(OH)D3) was evaluated in the cirrhosis group.

Results: The BMDs of the lumbar spine (P<0.001) and hip joints (P=0.015) in the cirrhosis group were significantly lower than those in the controls. The incidence of osteoporosis in the cirrhosis group was significantly higher than that in the con- trol group (P<0.001). Compared to the patients of the Child-Pugh grade A and B, the BMD of lumbar spine and 25(OH)D3 was significantly decreased in patients of grade C, while β-CTX was elevated. Patients in the cirrhosis group faced a higher risk of osteoporosis as compared to the controls(P<0.001).

Conclusion: Enhanced bone resorption accounted for increased risk of osteoporosis in severe cirrhosis. Thus, HBV-asso- ciated cirrhosis was a risk factor for osteoporosis.

Keywords: Liver cirrhosis; bone density; osteoporosis; osteopenia; hepatitis B, chronic.
Clinical and microbiological profile of adult inpatients with community acquired pneumonia in Ilorin, North Central, Nigeria
Authors: Babatope Ojuawo Olutobi , Olumuyiwa Desalu Olufemi , Emmanuel Fawibe Ademola , Boluwatife Ojuawo Ayotade , Olatunji Aladesanmi Adeniyi , Muyiwa Opeyemi Christopher , Obafemi Adio Mosunmoluwa , Olayemi Jimoh Abdulraheem , Ohinoyi Amadu Dele , Fadeyi Abayomi , Alakija Salami Kazeem
Published: December 2020

Background: The optimal management of community acquired pneumonia (CAP) depends on the clinical and microbio- logical profile in the locality.

Objectives: To determine the clinical and microbiological profile of patients admitted with CAP in Ilorin, Nigeria.

Methods: One hundred and two consenting consecutively selected patients with clinical and radiologic confirmation of CAP were recruited in 12 months. The socio-demographic, physical examination and laboratory/radiologic parameters were documented in a questionnaire. Microbiological evaluation of their sputum was done and blood samples were taken for complete blood count, culture, serum urea and serological evaluation for atypical bacteria and some viral pathogens.

Results: CAP constituted 5.9% of the total medical admissions during the one-year study period. The mean age of the pa- tients was 49 ± 22 years with the largest frequency in those aged 65 years and above. The commonest symptoms were short- ness of breath (96.1%) and cough (94.1%), with a median duration of 3 days from symptom onset to admission. Systemic hypertension was the commonest comorbid illness (25/102; 24.5%). Klebsiella pneumoniae was the predominant pathogen iso- lated (20/102; 28.1%). The susceptible antibiotics were Imipenem, Ceftazidime and Ceftriaxone. Intra-hospital mortality was 17.6%. CURB – 65 score of ≥ 2 and the presence of complications of CAP were the independent predictors of mortality.

Conclusion: CAP constitutes a significant disease burden in Ilorin, Nigeria. Typical bacteria accounted for over half of the pathogens isolated from the patients with gram negative agents predominating. This highlights a possible shift in the micro- biological profile which could guide empirical treatment.

Keywords: Community acquired pneumonia; microbiological profile; Nigeria.
Effects of body weight and posture on pulmonary functions in asthmatic children
Authors: Emad Emil Ghobrial , Mohamed Saad El Baz , Fattah Mohammed Abdel , Manar Mohamed Haroun
Published: December 2020

Background: Asthma is one of the most common chronic illnesses in the world. Pulmonary function tests are important tools in monitoring of asthmatic patients. There is need for investigating if spirometric indices were affected by body weight or posture or not. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the spirometric measurements in standing and sitting positions in a group of Egyptian asthmatic children with different body weights. Methods: Sixty patients were included. They were stable asthmatics and were following up in the allergy clinic. Spirometry was conducted at pulmonary functions laboratory of Pediatric Allergy and Chest Unit of New Children’s University Hospi- tal, Cairo. The one-way analysis of variance was used to test the differences between groups. The Duncan multiple compar- ison test was used to test the significant differences between each pair of groups. Results: The study found that sitting FEV1/FVC is significantly lower in overweight/obese asthmatic children compared to normal weight asthmatic children (p value=0.046). Conclusion: There was no effect of weight on standing spirometric data. Weight showed significant negative correlation with asthma control level. We concluded that in overweight/obese asthmatic children, spirometric position might affect the results.

Keywords: Body weight; posture; asthmatic children.
Transverse cerebellar diameter: a reliable predictor of gestational age
Authors: Mishra Sanjay , Ghatak Surajit , Singh Pratibha , Agrawal Dushyant , Garg Pawan
Published: December 2020

Objectives: To determine accuracy of transverse cerebellar diameter (TCD) measurement in the prediction of gestational age (GA) in normal fetuses; to develop reference chart for TCD according to GA in Indian population.

Design: A retrospective cross-sectional study.

Method: Ultrasonographic measurements in 300 singleton pregnant women included biparietal diameter (cm), head circum- ference (cm), abdominal circumference (cm), femur length (cm) and transverse cerebellar diameter (cm). Reference chart with mean TCD for corresponding gestational age (GA) in weeks was developed.

Results: Statistically significant relationship found between TCD and gestational age (R2=0.92, p=0.0006). Regression for- mulae based on TCD with other parameter can be used to predict gestational age of foetus. When TCD is compared with findings in other studies in different ethnic population, it is found that there is significant difference exists.

Conclusion: In normally developing fetuses the TCD has linear correlation with advancing gestational age. A separate refer- ence chart is required for every different population because ethnicity, nutrition and environmental factors can have impact on normal TCD values. This will help to avoid misinterpretation of data to determine gestational age.

Keywords: Transverse cerebellar diameter; ultrasonography; gestational age.
Infertility and associated factors in three hospitals in Douala, Cameroon: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Obinchemti Egbe Thomas , Ngo Mbaki Charmaine , Tendongfor Nicholas , Temfack Elvis , Belley-Priso Eugene
Published: December 2020

Aim: We determined the prevalence and factors associated with couple infertility in three hospitals in Douala, Cameroon.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study from December 18th 2015 to March 18th 2016 in three public hospitals in Douala. Three hundred and sixty participants were studied prospectively for associated fac- tors using a multivariate logistic regression model and 4732 files were studied retrospectively for the prevalence of infertility. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.

Results: The prevalence of couple infertility was 19.2%. In logistic models, the factors which independently increased the risk of couple infertility were a history of reproductive tract infection/STI, a history of uterine fibroids, a history of dys- menorrhea and abortion for the females while for males it was a history of mumps, erectile dysfunction and exposure to chemicals/toxic substances/pesticides.

Conclusion: One in every five couples in this study was infertile. Several factors affect the risks associated with couple in- fertility. The identification of these factors could help detect subgroups of couples at high risk of infertility. Reproductive health education, screening programmes for STI’s that may lead to infertility should be offered to couples.

Keywords: Couple infertility; prevalence; associated factors; Douala; Cameroon.
A systematic review and meta-analysis of the prevalence and predictors of anemia among children in Ethiopia
Authors: Gebrie Alemu , Alebel Animut
Published: December 2020

Background: Anemia is a wide-spread public health problem characterized by a decrease in hemoglobin concentration and/ or red blood cell volume below an established cut-off value. In developing countries including Ethiopia, about half of children are estimated to be anemic. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the pooled prevalence of anemia and its predictor factors among children in Ethiopia.

Method: The studies were identified through explicit and exhaustive search of reputable databases (PubMed, Google schol- ar, Science Direct, EMBASE, Cochrane library, and the hand search of reference lists of previous prevalence studies to retrieve more related articles. Thirty-nine studies were selected based on a comprehensive list of inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data were extracted using a standardized and pre-tested data extraction checklist, and the analysis was done using STATA 14 statistical software. To assess heterogeneity, the Cochrane Q test statistic and I2 tests were used. In our analysis, considerable heterogeneity was observed. Therefore, a random effect meta-analysis model was used to estimate the pooled prevalence of anemia. Moreover, the predictor factors of anemia were examined.

Results: The forest plot of 39 included studies revealed that the overall pooled prevalence of anemia among children in Ethiopia was 34.4% (95% CI: 29.1, 39.7%). Sub-group analysis showed that the highest anemia prevalence was observed in Somali Region with a prevalence of 49.4 % (95% CI: 20.9, 77.8). Also, anemia in children was found to be highest in the age group of less than five years (45.2, 95% CI: 39.6,50.8). Low literacy of families: 1.3 (95% CI: 1.1, 1.7), low family socioeco- nomic status: 1.9 (95% CI: 1.1,3.01.3), having housewife mothers or with no job: 1.5 (95% CI: 1.4, 1.9) and rural residence: 3.3 (95% CI: 1.7,6.1) were found to be predictors of anemia among children.

Conclusion: In this study, one in three children were anemic in Ethiopia. It is a moderate public health problem in children in this study. Low literacy, low socioeconomic status as well as rural residence of the families and helminthic infection of the children were found to be predictors of anemia in the children. Community and school-based interventions should be strengthened to improve the problem.

Keywords: Anemia; prevalence; predictors; children,; Ethiopia; systematic review; meta-analysis.