bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE LIVES OF CHINESE OBJECTS
Authors: Tythacott Louise
Published: June 2024

This is the biography of a set of rare Buddhist statues from China. Their extraordinary adventures take them from the Buddhist temples of fifteenth-century Putuo – China’s most important pilgrimage island – to their seizure by a British soldier in the First Opium War in the early 1840s, and on to a starring role in the Great Exhibition of 1851. In the 1850s, they moved in and out of dealers’ and antiquarian collections, arriving in 1867 at Liverpool Museum. Here they were re-conceptualized as specimens of the ‘Mongolian race’ and, later, as examples of Oriental art. The statues escaped the bombing of the Museum during the Second World War and lived out their existence for the next sixty years, dismembered, corroding and neglected in the stores, their histories lost and origins unknown. As the curator of Asian collections at Liverpool Museum, the author became fascinated by these bronzes, and selected them for display in the Buddhism section of the World Cultures gallery. In 2005, quite by chance, the discovery of a lithograph of the figures on prominent display in the Great Exhibition enabled the remarkable lives of these statues to be reconstructed.
JUDGMENT AT ISTANBUL
Authors: Dadrian Vahakn N. , Akçam Taner
Published: June 2024

Turkey’s bid to join the European Union has lent new urgency to the issue of the Armenian Genocide as differing interpretations of the genocide are proving to be a major reason for the delay of the its accession. This book provides vital background information and is a prime source of legal evidence and authentic Turkish eyewitness testimony of the intent and the crime of genocide against the Armenians. After a long and painstaking effort, the authors, one an Armenian, the other a Turk, generally recognized as the foremost experts on the Armenian Genocide, have prepared a new, authoritative translation and detailed analysis of the Takvim-i Vekâyi, the official Ottoman Government record of the Turkish Military Tribunals concerning the crimes committed against the Armenians during World War I. The authors have compiled the documentation of the trial proceedings for the first time in English and situated them within their historical and legal context. These documents show that Wartime Cabinet ministers, Young Turk party leaders, and a number of others inculpated in these crimes were court-martialed by the Turkish Military Tribunals in the years immediately following World War I. Most were found guilty and received sentences ranging from prison with hard labor to death. In remarkable contrast to Nuremberg, the Turkish Military Tribunals were conducted solely on the basis of existing Ottoman domestic penal codes. This substitution of a national for an international criminal court stands in history as a unique initiative of national self-condemnation. This compilation is significantly enhanced by an extensive analysis of the historical background, political nature and legal implications of the criminal prosecution of the twentieth century’s first state-sponsored crime of genocide.
REST IN PLASTIC
Authors: Bredenbröker Isabel
Published: June 2024

In Peki, an Ewe town in the Ghanaian Volta Region, death is a matter of public concern. By means of funeral banners printed with synthetic ink on PVC, public lyings in state, cemented graves and wreaths made from plastic, death occupies a prominent place in the world of the living. Rest in Plastic gives an insight into local entanglements of death, synthetic materials and power in Ewe community. It shows how different materials and things that come to shape power relations, exist in a delicate balance between state and local governance, kin and outsiders, death and life, the invisible and the visible, movement and containment.
THE JU/’HOAN SAN OF NYAE NYAE AND NAMIBIAN INDEPENDENCE
Authors: Biesele Megan , Hitchcock Robert K.
Published: June 2024

The Ju/’hoan San, or Ju/’hoansi, of Namibia and Botswana are perhaps the most fully described indigenous people in all of anthropology. This is the story of how this group of former hunter-gatherers, speaking an exotic click language, formed a grassroots movement that led them to become a dynamic part of the new nation that grew from the ashes of apartheid South West Africa. While coverage of this group in the writings of Richard Lee, Lorna Marshall, Elizabeth Marshall Thomas, and films by John Marshall includes extensive information on their traditional ways of life, this book continues the story as it has unfolded since 1990. Peopled with accounts of and from contemporary Ju>/’hoan people, the book gives newly-literate Ju/’hoansi the chance to address the world with their own voices. In doing so, the images and myths of the Ju/’hoan and other San (previously called “Bushmen”) as either noble savages or helpless victims are discredited. This important book demonstrates the responsiveness of current anthropological advocacy to the aspirations of one of the best-known indigenous societies.
Reporting Guidelines: A Tool to Improve Quality and Transparency of Health Research
Authors: Manjhi Pramod Kumar
Published: June 2024

Manuscript is a document submitted for publication which has IMRaD (Introduction-Methods-Results and Discussion) format. Introduction tell why did you start the research and methods explain how did you conduct it, results present what did you find, while discussion is about what does it all means.
Identification and classification of buckwheat grain by microfocus radiography and hyperspectral imaging methods
Authors: Platov Yu. T. , Beletskiy S. L. , Metlenkin D. A. , Platova R. A. , Vereshchagin A. L. , Marin V. A.
Published: June 2024

Classification of buckwheat grains is important because the absence of defective grains is a guarantee of yield and quality. Buckwheat grains were randomly selected from a batch whose grains varied in quality. The identification and classification of buckwheat grains according to the degree of fulfillment was carried out by a combination of microfocus X-ray and hyperspectral image analysis and multivariate analysis techniques. Using microfocus radiography, buckwheat grains were categorized into groups according to the degree of fulfillment. Hyperspectral image of buckwheat grains in the range of 935-1720 nm was acquired using a Specim FX17 camera. Using the polygon selection function, the averaged spectra were obtained and a data matrix of grain samples was generated. The bands of the spectrum contributing most to the grading of the grain samples by degree of fulfillment were identified using the principal component analysis. The classification model of grading buckwheat grain into groups by degree of fulfillment was constructed by partial least squares discriminant analysis method. The results showed that hyperspectral image is a potential tool for rapid and accurate identification of buckwheat grains, which can be used in large-scale grain classification and grain quality determination.
Calculation of the DAC curve for images reconstructed by digital aperture focusing method
Authors: Bazulin A. E. , Bazulin E. G. , Vopilkin A. H. , Korolev S. A. , Romashkin S. V. , Tikhonov D. S.
Published: June 2024

The widespread introduction of antenna arrays into the practice of ultrasonic testing has made it possible to obtain images of reflectors using either phased array technology or digital aperture focusing (DFA) technology. However, many current regulatory documents regulating the rules for conducting ultrasonic non-destructive testing in the nuclear power industry, petrochemistry, gas industry, etc., require determining the equivalent dimensions of reflectors. The article proposes a method for calculating the DAF—DAC array to determine the diameter of an equivalent flat-bottomed hole (FBH) when analyzing an image. It was shown that it is more efficient to work not with the amplitude of the image, but with the integral amplitude. Numerical experiments have shown the accuracy of determining the diameter of the FBH of the order of ± 0.1 mm. In model experiments, the accuracy of determining the diameter of the FBH turned out to be modulo less than 0.2 mm.
ІНФОРМАЦІЙНІ ТЕХНОЛОГІЇ СИСТЕМИ УПРАВЛІННЯ ПЕРСОНАЛОМ ТРАНСПОРТУ ЯК ПРОВІДНОЇ ГАЛУЗІ НАЦІОНАЛЬНОЇ ЕКОНОМІКИ УКРАЇНИ
Authors: СПІЦИНА Ангеліна
Published: June 2024

Визначено значення транспорту як важливої складової національної еконо­міки України. Наголошено на ролі сучасних інформаційних технологій у галузі транспорту. Доведено, що специфічні умови праці транспортних підприємств, які проявляються в усіх основних аспектах управління персоналом (виробничо-економічному, політичному, адміністративно-правовому, соціальному та психоло­гічному) ускладнюють процес менеджменту персоналу в умовах посилення конкуренції на ринку транспортних послуг. Надано стислу характеристику та наведено приклади застосування засобів моніторингу транспорту, інтелектуальних систем безпеки, систем управління дорожнім рухом, інформаційнонавігаційних систем. Висвітлено теоретико-методологічні основи та практичний інструментарій застосування інформаційних технологій в управлінні персоналом. Визначено роль і місце інформаційних технологій в управлінні персоналом. Описані основні заходи щодо створення дієвої системи використання різноманітних видів інформаційних технологій в управлінні персоналом Подано визначення інформаційних технологій. Визначено перелік переваг використання інформаційних технологій в управлінні персоналом.
ДЕМОГРАФІЧНА СИТУАЦІЯ В УКРАЇНІ В УМОВАХ ВОЄННОГО КОНФЛІКТУ
Authors: НАПОРЧУК Денис
Published: June 2024

Дослідження спрямоване на аналіз демографічних змін та впливу російської агресії на населення України в контексті війни. Використовуючи аналіз демографічних тенденцій, дослідження оцінює вплив військових дій на кількість біженців, зміни структури населення та можливі наслідки для різних вікових груп. На основі даних з офіційних джерел, дослідження розглядає декілька сценаріїв розвитку подій, аби передбачити можливі варіанти змін чисельності та складу населення України. Особлива увага приділяється динаміці вікової структури, гендерному складу, рівням народжуваності та смертності, а також міграційним потокам. Дослідження підкреслює важливість відновлення країни та створення умов для повернення біженців у майбутньому.
Manajemen Parenting Untuk Meningkatkan Percaya Diri Anak
Authors: Bunyamin Bunyamin , Munfaqiroh Siti , Sa’adah Lailatus , Erawati Sherly Hesti , Arifin Zainul , Sugiono Djoko
Published: June 2024

Educating children is not an easy matter. Parents' mistakes in implementing parenting patterns can influence children's behavior in the future. Therefore, it is important for parents to learn correct parenting principles so they can form positive characters in their children. The aim of parenting to build children's character is to; (1) ensuring the health and safety of children, (2) preparing children to live as productive adults, (3) transmitting cultural values. The aim of implementing this community service program is (1) to contribute to the development of the character of disadvantaged children sheltered by Lazis Sabilillah Malang, (2) to provide knowledge to parents as the main factor that builds the family's personality, (3) to increase self-confidence for Orphaned and underprivileged children under the guidance of Lazis Sabilillah. The targets of this activity are parents of orphans and poor people assisted by Lazis Sabilillah Malang. This Community Service Program activity was held on Monday, September 11 2023, located at the Sabilillah Mosque in Malang and went smoothly. Parents of orphans and poor people assisted by Lazis Sabilillah are very happy, they have gained knowledge about how to build children's character so that they have self-confidence and a good and strong personality.
Economic implications of functional foods
Authors: Baghdasaryan Anush , Martirosyan Danik
Published: June 2024

Functional food products (FFPs) and their constituents, known as food bioactive compounds (FBCs), possess distinctive properties that may mitigate the risk of specific diseases, offering a potential alternative to conventional medicine. Fruits and vegetables contain specific components such as vitamins, minerals, flavonoids, anthocyanins, and others, which play a role in managing symptoms of chronic diseases. This review explores the impact of functional food products on the economy. The rising costs associated with Western medical treatments for chronic diseases, exacerbated by the side effects of medication, stresses the importance of exploring non-medical alternatives. Furthermore, the absence of a definitive definition for functional food products by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) adds to the weakness of the food sector in the United States. On the other hand, Japan has initiated a regulatory system known as Food for Specified Health Uses (FOSHU), which introduces functional foods to the market and educates consumers on their health benefits. Subsequently, they have also introduced a new regulatory system called Foods with Functional Claims. Despite limitations such as the insufficiency of post-market research, clinical studies, and epidemiological studies in both systems, Japan continues to outperform the U.S. in the food industry. Establishing its own regulatory system for functional foods could not only enable the FDA to compete more effectively with Japan but also lead to significant improvements in life expectancy and the economy. By examining regulations in both countries, this review sheds light on how functional food products may contribute to improved public health and economic outcomes.
Keywords: Functional Food Products, Food Bioactive Compounds, Food and Drug Administration, Food for Specified Health Uses, Foods with Functional Claims, Economy
Modeling of decomposition products of supercooled austenite in pipe steels using artificial intelligence methods
Authors: Gafarov M. F. , Okishev K. Yu. , Makovetskii A. N. , Gafarova K. P. , Gafarova E. A.
Published: June 2024

The process of constructing machine learning models for predicting the microstructure of pipe steels after continuous cooling is shown, including the assembly and preparation of data, the source of which are thermokinetic decay diagrams of supercooled austenite. Statistics of intermediate and final data, as well as algorithms for their trans-formation are presented. Estimates of machine learning models for selected microstructures are considered. A method for generating data in conditions of a small sample and the introduction of an estimated feature of grain size are pro-posed. Validation of the models and interpretation of the significance of the features were carried out. The practical use of models for constructing thermokinetic diagrams of austenite decay and analysis of simulation results is shown.
Producción de cultivares de lechuga arrepollada con diferentes tipos de cobertura de suelo en invierno – primavera
Authors: Enciso-Garay Cipriano Ramón , Batte Herminio , Santacruz Oviedo Victoria Rossmary
Published: June 2024

Con el objetivo de evaluar las características agronómicasde tres cultivares de lechuga arrepollada sobre diferentes tipos de cobertura de suelo en el periodo invierno –primavera,fue conducido un experimento entre los meses de julio a octubre de 2019 en el distrito de Coronel Oviedo, Paraguay. El diseño experimental utilizado fue de bloques completos al azar con arreglo factorial 3 x 4, totalizando 12 tratamientos con cuatro repeticiones.Los factores en estudioestuvieron representadosportres cultivares de lechuga arrepollada (Tainá, Julia y Legacy) y cuatro tipos de cobertura de suelo (plástico negro, plástico bicolor blanco/negro, plástico bicolor plateado/negro y testigo sin coberturade suelo). Fueron evaluados: númerototal y comercial de hojas,diámetro de planta, masa fresca total y comercial, altura y diámetro de cabezapor planta. Los resultadosobtenidos indican que no hubo diferencias significativas entre cultivares en las características evaluadas, a excepción del diámetro de planta, donde Julia (30,09 cm) fue superior a Legacy.Se observóque las coberturas de suelo presentaron superioridad estadística en todas las variablesevaluadas, con respecto al testigo, a excepción de altura de cabeza. La interacción cultivares con cobertura de suelo no fue significativa. Las coberturas de plástico de color plateado/negro, blanco/negro y negro, promueven mayor masa fresca comercial por planta(241,11 g, 204,03 g, 218,05 g), número comercial de hojas (21,20; 20,30; 20,40) y diámetro de cabeza (11,54 cm, 11,10 cm, 11,20 cm).Se concluye quela cobertura de suelo mejora las características agronómicasde los cultivares de lechugaevaluados.
Do poñente ó nacente. Unha ollada desde Xapón á lingua e á cultura galegas
Authors: Asaka Takekazu
Published: June 2024

Discurso lido no acto da súa recepción, polo excelentísimo señor don Takekazu Asaka e resposta do excelentísimo señor don Francisco Fernández Rei. O solemne acto académico en que foron lidos os dous discursos recolleitos no presente volume celebrouse o 8 de xuño de 2024 no Auditorio Municipal da Xuventude de Cambados. No seu discurso, o académico de honra repasa a súa traxectoria de descubrimento e compromiso coa lingua galega, dende os seus inicios en 1977 ata a recente publicación de Os tres xograres da ría de Vigo. Detense tamén nos seus traballos de tradución da obra poética de Rosalía de Castro, Ramón Cabanillas e Uxío Novoneyra, así como nos de divulgación da cultura galega no Xapón a través da organización de actos poéticos e concertos ou da publicación de guías culturais e intervencións en producións televisivas. Acompáñase o discurso cun folleto encartable que recolle as letras dos poemas interpretados pola soprano Miho Haga e a pianista Kazumi Ogura na sesión plenaria extraordinaria da Real Academia Galega co galo do ingreso de Takekazu Asaka.
ВИКОРИСТАННЯ ОБЛІКОВО-АНАЛІТИЧНОЇ ІНФОРМАЦІЇ ДЛЯ ВАРТІСНО-ОРІЄНТОВАНОЇ КОНЦЕПЦІЇ УПРАВЛІННЯ ПІДПРИЄМСТВОМ
Authors: Воськало Наталія , Пунько Андрій , Яцук Тарас
Published: June 2024

У статті розглянуто передумови розвитку вартісно-орієнтованої концепції управління підприємством, основні методики щодо її оцінювання. Визначено цілі оцінки вартості підприємства для різних груп користувачів та основні джерела інформації для його здійснення. Розглянуто компоненти та ключові напрямки для практичного розуміння сутності вартісно-орієнтованого управління спираючись на інтереси різних груп зацікавлених осіб, визначено джерела інформації для їх забезпечення. Розглянуто методи оцінювання бізнесу та способи їх застосування. Встановлено, що такі елементи системи обліково-аналітичного забезпечення, як облікова політика, фінансова звітність, аналітична інформація за бухгалтерськими рахунками, використання принципів бухгалтерського обліку, мають суттєвий вплив на побудову та реалізацію концепції вартісно-орієнтованого управління підприємством.
ОБЛІК РОЗРАХУНКІВ З ОПЛАТИ ПРАЦІ В КОНТЕКСТІ СУЧАСНИХ ЕКОНОМІЧНИХ ТА СОЦІАЛЬНИХ ВИКЛИКІВ
Authors: Овсюк Ніна , Ковбасюк Ілона
Published: June 2024

Стаття присвячена актуальним питання розрахунків з оплати праці в контексті сучасних економічних та соціальних викликів. Виняткова роль обліково-аналітичного забезпечення в процесах управління спричинює підвищену увагу до бухгалтерського обліку розрахунків з оплати праці як вагомого джерела інформації про фінансовий стан та результати діяльності підприємства. Авторами визначено методологічні засади щодо відображення розрахунків з оплати праці в системі бухгалтерського обліку, а також об’єкти обліково-аналітичного забезпечення управління суб’єктами господарювання. У процесі дослідження доведено, що результативна економічна інформація, яка необхідна для ефективної діяльності суб’єктів господарювання, створюється за сприяння системи елементів методу бухгалтерського обліку з метою формування підґрунтя для прийняття дієвих управлінських рішень.
ІНДУСТРІЯ ТУРИЗМУ У СТРУКТУРІ НАЦІОНАЛЬНОЇ ЕКОНОМІКИ: ІНСТИТУЦІЙНІ АСПЕКТИ ТА КОНЦЕПТУАЛЬНІ ОСНОВИ
Authors: Паска Марія , Графська Орислава , Кулик Оксана
Published: June 2024

Стаття присвячена аналізу й узагальненню концептуальних засад та інституційних основ розвитку індустрії туризму як важливого сектора національної економіки, зокрема, на прикладі України. Здійснено аналіз наукових праць, присвячених інституційним аспектам та концептуальним засадам розвитку туризму у таких актуальних напрямах як глобалізація, сталий розвиток, економічні та політичні проблеми. Охарактеризовано економічну сутність туризму та запропоновано схему структури базового елемента організації індустрії туризму – дестинації – в контексті складників її туристичної інфраструктури. На підставі аналізу літературних джерел та авторських узагальнень обгрунтовано необхідність виконання низки завдань для реформування туристичної індустрії в структурі національної економіки. Окреслено авторське трактування суб’єктності в інституційному середовищі індустрії туризму. Структуровано концептуальні засади сучасної індустрії туризму та виокремлено актуальні проблеми її розвитку. Зроблено висновок про те, що на розвиток індустрії туризму в національній економіці впливають як інституційні аспекти, так і сформована концептуальна база.
PEMBERDAYAAN IBU-IBU PKK DESA KARANG BAYAN DALAM PENANGGULANGAN DEMAM BERDARAH DENGUE
Authors: Tatontos Erlin Yustin , Inayati Nurul , Diarti Maruni Wiwin , Dramawan Awan , Suseno Mutiara Rachmawati , Purna I Nyoman , Sali I Wayan
Published: June 2024

Penyakit Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) disebabkan virus dan ditularkan lewat nyamuk merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan masyarakat di Indonesia, yang cenderung semakin luas penyebarannya sejalan dengan meningkatnya mobilitas dan kepadatan penduduk. Seluruh wilayah Indonesia, mempunyai risiko untuk kejangkitan penyakit DBD karena virus penyebab dan nyamuk penularnya tersebar luas, termasuk di  Desa Karang Bayan  Kabupaten Lombok Barat. Tujuan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarat Program Pengembangan Desa Sehat (PPDS) mengetahui pemberdayaan  ibu-ibu PKK desa Karang Bayan dalam penanggulangan Demam Berdarah Dengue melalui Posyandu dengan pengendalian vektor menggunakan ovitrap atraktan infusa daun. Metode pendekatan kegiatan adalah Interprofesional Education (IPE) dan Interprofesional Collaboration (IPC) ) yaitu melibatkan dosen dan mahasiswa dari dua Poltekkes Kemenkes RI dengan empat jurusan. Sasaran kegiatan adalah ibu-ibu PKK dan kader kesehatan   desa Karang Bayan berjumlah 30 orang. Metode pelaksanaan kegiatan dengan Persiapan, Pelaksanaan meliputi penyuluhan tentang PHBS, Covid19 dan Demam Berdarah Dengue, Training of trainers (TOT) survei jentik survei, survei sarana kesehatan,  pembuatan infusa daun, pemasangan ovitrap atraktan  serta  kampanye kesehatan dan  pembuatan draft aturan desasehat.  . Hasil pelaksanaan kegiatan, 90 % peserta  Penyuluhan dan TOT  memahami dan mempraktekan materi yang diberikan.Hasil survei jentik sebelum pemasangan ovitrap atraktan infusa daun  House Index ( HI)  14,83%, Container Index (CI)  7,91%  , Breteau Index (BI) 20,4% dan Angka Bebas Jentik (ABJ) 87,63%. Setelah pemasangan ovitrap atraktan infusa daun HI 5,41 %, CI 4,31%  , BI 7,48% dan ABJ 95,23%. Kampanye kesehatan oleh ibu-ibu PKK dan kader kesehatan masing-masing dusun dapat terlaksana dengan baik. Draft aturan desa sehat dapat tersusun dan diserahkan ke perangkat desa Karang Bayan.   Ibu-ibu PKK desa Karang Bayan berdaya  dalam penanggulangan Demam Berdarah Dengue melalui Posyandu dengan pengendalian vektor menggunakan ovitrap atraktan infusa daun.
PENDAMPINGAN PADA REMAJA SEBAGAI UPAYA PENCEGAHAN ANEMIA DAN PERSIAPAN PRANIKAH
Authors: Umami Riza , Restanty Dian Aby
Published: June 2024

Remaja mepunyai peluang mengalami anemia karena berhubungan dengan siklus menstruasi. Anemia dapat terjadi pada saat hamil dan akan mempengaruhi tumbuh kembang janin, berpeluang pula pada proses persalinan bahkan dapat menyebabkan kematian. Permasalahan mitra adalah remaja yang sudah lulus SMU tidak mendapatkan bantuan suplementasi tablet besi. Tujuan kegiatan ini adalah melakukan pendampingan pra nikah dan pencegahan anemia pada remaja di wilayah kerja Puskesmas “M” Kabupaten Jember pada Juni-Agustus 2023. Metode yang digunakan adalah melalui Foccus Group Discussion, pendidikan kesehatan, pemeriksaan kadar Hb serta pemberian vitamin C dan tablet besi. Sasaran kegiatan ini remaja putri dengan usia >18 sampai dengan 24 tahun. Adapun hasil kegiatan adalah terdapat peningkatan tingkat pengetahuan dengan kategori baik adalah 10 orang (25%) saat pre test menjadi 38 orang (95%) saat post test, kejadian anemia sebanyak 8 orang (20%) sebelum intervensi pemberian tablet besi dan setelah intervensi menjadi 2 orang (5%) yang anemia dan untuk pendewasaan usia nikah, remaja menyatakan bahwa akan menikah pada usia >21 tahun, selain itu remaja juga menyatakan bahwa alasan tidak patuh mengkonsumsi tablet besi secara teratur karena setelah konsumsi tablet besi, remaja mengalami mual dan pusing sehingga mengganggu aktifitas harian.
Доказування та докази в цивільному судочинстві : навч.-метод. посіб. – 2-ге вид., перероб. та доп. [Електронне видання]
Authors:   Національний університет «Одеська юридична академія», Голубєва Неллі Юріївна , Андронов Ігор Володимирович , Волкова Наталія Василівна , Яніцька Інна Анатоліївна
Published: June 2024

Посібник є навчальним виданням з методики викладання навчальної дисципліни «Доказування та докази в цивільному судочинстві», яке, окрім викладу навчального матеріалу, містить методичні вказівки і рекомендації щодо викладання дисципліни та організації самостійної роботи здобувачів закладів вищої освіти. Розрахований на здобувачів і науково-педагогічних працівників вищих юридичних навчальних закладів
“Percepción de Causalidad Personal” en Estudiantes Universitarios
Authors:   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mendoza Abigail , Bruner Carlos A. ,   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
Published: June 2024

La “percepción de causalidad personal” se ha estudiado con palomas al apagar una tecla de forma dependiente o independiente al picoteo a dicha tecla. Entonces, se ilumina una tecla a cada lado. Las palomas deben picar una tecla después de un cambio de estímulos (CE) dependiente o la otra tecla después de un CE independiente. Se ha observado que la precisión de la percepción de causalidad personal de las palomas disminuye al alargar la demora entre las respuestas y los CE dependientes. En el presente estudio se replicó este procedimiento con humanos para averiguar si la demora entre las respuestas y los CE dependientes determina la percepción de causalidad personal en humanos de manera similar que en palomas. La demora varió entre 0, 0.5, 1, 2 y 4 s. Los aciertos de los humanos disminuyeron al alargar la demora de forma similar que con las palomas. Las curvas Características Operativas del Receptor no mostraron sesgos sistemáticos en los reportes de los participantes conforme se alargó la demora. Se concluyó que las palomas y los humanos discriminan entre CE dependientes e independientes a sus respuestas con base en el tiempo entre su última respuesta y el CE, conforme a una discriminación condicional.
Motivação para a prática do futsal na escola
Authors: Cardoso Edson Antonio , Souza Neto Georgino Jorge de
Published: June 2024

A motivação é um fator crucial para o engajamento e a participação dos estudantes em atividades físicas, incluindo a prática de esportes, como o futsal, na escola. O presente projeto de revisão de literatura teve como objetivo analisar a motivação para a prática do futsal na escola. Através de uma revisão da literatura existente, buscou-se compreender os principais fatores que influenciam na motivação dos estudantes para participar das aulas de futsal na escola. A revisão abordou estudos e teorias relevantes relacionados à motivação intrínseca e extrínseca, necessidades psicológicas básicas, teoria da autodeterminação, teoria da expectativa-valor, entre outros conceitos relevantes. Foi realizada uma revisão integrativa da literatura. Através de uma leitura na íntegra dos artigos elegíveis a pesquisa, foi possível chegar a 06 publicações, onde eles continham conteúdo em conformidade com a proposta deste estudo. Conclui-se que a motivação dos estudantes pode variar ao longo do tempo, por isso é importante estar atento e adaptar as aulas para mantê-los engajados. Portanto compreender esses fatores e a criação de estratégias pedagógicas mais efetivas para incentivar a participação dos estudantes nessa atividade pode gerar um maior entusiasmo com a prática do futsal na escola.
INFORMAÇÕES SOCIOANTROPOLÓGICAS DO BAIRRO VIDA NOVA II E SUA COMUNIDADE, COMO ESPAÇO DE APRENDIZAGEM EM PROCESSO DE CURRICULARIZAÇÃO DA EXTENSÃO
Authors: SILVEIRA ADRIANA , Billig Garces Solange Beatriz , Danni Trentini Fernando , Rossato Vânia Mari , Bremert Wiedthauper Thábata Camila
Published: June 2024

O presente trabalho apresenta um relato descritivo das características da Comunidade Vida Nova II, localizada na cidade de Cruz Alta – RS, a partir da experiência de realização do Projeto Integrador III – Práticas Comunitárias em Esporte e Lazer, desenvolvido nos meses de abril e maio de 2023, pelos alunos do terceiro período do Curso de Educação Física da Universidade de Cruz Alta – UNICRUZ, integrante da proposta de curricularização da extensão no Curso. O projeto de extensão auxilia na formação de profissionais diferenciados, constituindo-se em espaços de vivência para o estudo das práticas profissionais de Educação Física, com capacidade de ampliar o olhar humanizado dos acadêmicos por meio de ações conjuntas entre docentes, alunos, e liderança comunitária aplicado em uma comunidade que enfrenta diariamente a realidade das populações vulneráveis de baixa renda e assim, então os acadêmicos conhecem ouras realidades socioculturais. O relato baseia-se na observação dos acadêmicos e docente durante a realização das oficinas e a descrição da realidade local vivenciadas pelas famílias, apresentada pela líder comunitária da Comunidade Vida Nova II a partir de um estudo socioantropológico contextualizado pelas teorias sociológicas (epistemologias hegemônicas e contra-hegemônicas).
Building Tolerance And Balance: A Systematic Literature Review On Religious Moderation Among Students In Higher Education
Authors: Shofiyuddin Ahmad , Khoiriyah Siti , Rangga Sa'adillah
Published: June 2024

In an increasingly complex global context, the role of religious moderation among higher education students is becoming increasingly important for promoting social harmony and intercultural dialogue. This article presents a systematic study that maps research studies on religious moderation in higher education using the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method. The main objective of this study is to describe current research trends on religious moderation among college students, as well as identify important implications that can be drawn from such findings. The results of this SLR analysis revealed several key findings. First, research trends underscore the role of moderate character traits in shaping compassionate attitudes, positive thinking, strengthening religious commitment, and nurturing brotherhood among college students. Second, the research also shows that religious moderation can help minimize social conflict and create an inclusive environment on campus.second, it also has implications in shaping students' character and equipping them with the social skills needed in a diverse society.
Deciphering QS. al-Maidah: 51 in Qur'an, Liberation & Pluralism: Analyzing the Interpretation of the Word Auliya' through Farid Esack's Perspective
Authors: Ummam Naufa Izzul , Haris Abdul
Published: June 2024

The interpretation of the term "leader" in reference to "auliya'" mentioned in Qs. al-Maidah: 51 has been a topic of debate among Indonesian Muslim scholars. In contrast to Farid Esack, who appears to lack understanding regarding the definition of leadership as it pertains to this verse, his focus remains firmly fixed on issues more relevant to the South African context. This study endeavors to propose Farid Esack's interpretation of the term auliya' in Qs. al-Maidah: 51, as it pertains to the South African context. Specifically, it examines his exploration of the word's meaning and delves into the implications of his unique perspective. This goal can be used as an alternative to other interpretations related to the word auliya' in Qs. al-Maidah. 51: 51. The research is a qualitative research with literature data which is analysed descriptively. The main data in this research is the meaning of the word auliya' in the book Qur'an Liberation & Pluralism by Farid Esack. The analysis of Esack's meaning presentation is conducted by examining the literature by revisionist mufassirs. The findings of this investigation conclude that Farid Esack, based on his liberation hermeneutics, interprets the term auliya to connote collaboration and solidarity. The implication of Esack's interpretation is that it is impermissible for a Muslim to collaborate with non-Muslims unless he does not forsake Muslims, intends to safeguard believers, has entered into a peace treaty with believers, and refrains from fighting against them. When contextualized within South Africa, Esack contends that a believer can cooperate with non-Muslims if it promotes the well-being of Muslims and combats racist conduct, oppression and injustice. However, to ascertain the pertinence of utilizing these interpretations within the Indonesian context, additional research is imperative. This study solely focuses on scrutinizing the outcomes and consequences of Esack's interpretation.
Diagnostic Role of CA19-9, CA19-9/CRP Ratio and CA19-9/Total Bilirubin Ratio in Differentiating Benign and Malignant Obstructive Jaundice
Authors: Azam Mohammad Golam , Chowdhury Ali Arbab , Sajjad Sarker Mohammed , Datta Indrajit Kumar , Rahman Md Anisur , Rowshon AHM
Published: June 2024

Background: Serum carbohydrate antigen (CA19-9) is a tumour marker which is significantly elevated in biliary and pancreatic malignancy. It is also increased in some benign conditions associated with jaundice. So many strategies have been recommended to improve the power of CA 19-9 to differentiate benign and malignant obstructive jaundice. Aims and objective: This study was carried out to explore the diagnostic role of CA19-9, CA19-9/CRP ratio and CA19-9/total bilirubin ratio in differentiating benign and malignant obstructive jaundice. Methods: The present cross sectional analytical study was conducted at Department of Gastrointestinal, Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Disorders (GHPD), BIRDEM General Hospital, Bangladesh. It included 60 patients with obstructive jaundice diagnosed by clinical, laboratory and radiological investigations. They were divided into two groups; benign (n=29) and malignant (n=31). The nature of obstructive jaundice was obtained by ultrasonography, CT scan, MRCP, ERCP, tumour marker and histopathology. All patients were tested for CA19- 9, CRP and serum bilirubin. Data were analyzed using SPSS version-25.0 software. Results: The mean±SD age (years) of the benign group was 56.90±15.80 and malignant group was 56.97±12.60. The ROC analysis for CA19-9 yielded sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) and accuracy of CA19-9 at cut-off value 70 U/ml were 71%, 49%, 60%, 61% and 61% respectively and area under the curve (AUC) was 0.625. The CA19-9/CRP ratio showed sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and accuracy at cutoff value 5.2 were 80%, 97%, 96%, 82% and 88% respectively and AUC was 0.910. The CA19-9/total bilirubin ratio showed sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and accuracy of at cut-off value 17 were 58%, 51%, 56%, 53% and 55% respectively and AUC was 0.509. Conclusion: CA 19-9/CRP ratio had high diagnostic value in differentiating benign and malignant obstructive jaundice than CA19-9 alone and CA19-9/total bilirubin ratio.
Bangladesh J Medicine 2024; Vol. 35, No. 2, Supplementation: 165-166
Microbiological Profile and Antimicrobial Resistant Patterns in Urinary Tract Infection among Diabetes Mellitus Patients of Bangladesh - A Cross-Sectional Observational Study
Authors: Biswas Eshita
Published: June 2024

Background: Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) especially recurrent one is a very common among Diabetes Mellitus (DM) patients, presenting unique challenges due to compromised immune systems and altered physiological environments.  This cross-sectional observational study aimed to elucidate the microbiological profile and antimicrobial resistance patterns of UTI in DM patients in Bangladesh. Methods:A total of 100 diabetic patients with positive urine cultures, who presented UTI symptoms and met the inclusion and exclusion criteria, were recruited. Results: Microbiological analysis revealed Escherichia coli (E. coli) as the predominant organism, constituting 80 % of isolates. Notably, the majority of E. coli isolates exhibited resistance to multiple antibiotics, posing significant therapeutic challenges. Alarmingly, a significant proportion of isolates from recurrent UTI demonstrated resistance to commonly prescribed antibiotics, rendering them ineffective for treatment. However, a subset of antibiotics, including nitrofurantoin, Meropenem, imipenem, and colistin, exhibited sensitivity against a proportion of isolates.Conclusion:These findings underscore the urgent need for tailored antimicrobial stewardship programs and surveillance strategies to combat the rising tide of antimicrobial resistance especially in recurrent UTI among DM patients in Bangladesh. Furthermore, judicious antibiotic prescribing practices and the exploration of alternative treatment modalities are imperative to mitigate the escalating threat of multidrug-resistant UTI in this vulnerable population.
Bangladesh J Medicine 2024; Vol. 35, No. 2, Supplementation: 159
Antimicrobial resistance : Real threat for the clinician
Authors: Azad Md Abul Kalam
Published: June 2024

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) occurs when microbes evolve mechanisms that protect them from the effects of antimicrobials (drugs used to treat infections). All classes of microbes can evolve resistance where the drugs are no longer effective. Fungi evolve antifungal resistance, viruses evolve antiviral resistance, protozoa evolve antiprotozoal resistance, and bacteria evolve antibiotic resistance. Together all of these come under the umbrella of antimicrobial resistance. Microbes resistant to multiple antimicrobials are called multidrug resistant (MDR) and are sometimes referred to as superbugs. Although antimicrobial resistance is a naturally occurring process, it is often the result of improper usage of the drugs and management of the infections. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is one of the top global public health and development threats. It is estimated that bacterial AMR was directly responsible for 1.27 million global deaths in 2019 and contributed to 4.95 million deaths. In the U.S., more than 2.8 million antimicrobial-resistant infections occur each year. In addition to death and disability, AMR has significant economic costs. The World Bank estimates that AMR could result in US$ 1 trillion additional healthcare costs by 2050, and US$ 1 trillion to US$ 3.4 trillion gross domestic product (GDP) losses per year by 2030. Antimicrobial resistance has the potential to affect people at any stage of life, as well as the healthcare, veterinary, and agriculture industries. This makes it one of the world’s most urgent public health problems. Resistance in bacteria can arise naturally by genetic mutation, or by one species acquiring resistance from another. Resistance can appear spontaneously because of random mutations, but also arises through spreading of resistant genes through horizontal gene transfer. However, extended use of antibiotics appears to encourage selection for mutations which can render antibiotics ineffective. Antimicrobial stewardship programmes appear useful in reducing rates of antimicrobial resistance. The WHO AWaRe (Access, Watch, Reserve) guidance and antibiotic book has been introduced to guide antibiotic choice for the 30 most common infections in adults and children to reduce inappropriate prescribing in primary care and hospitals. Narrow spectrum antibiotics are preferred due to their lower resistance potential and broad- spectrum antibiotics are only recommended for people with more severe symptoms. Some antibiotics are more likely to confer resistance, so are kept as reserve antibiotics in the AWaRe book. The world faces an antibiotics pipeline and access crisis due to inadequate research in the face of rising levels of resistance. Priorities to address AMR in human health include preventing all infections, which may result in inappropriate use of antimicrobials; ensuring universal access to quality diagnosis and appropriate treatment of infections; and strategic information and innovation.
Bangladesh J Medicine, 2024; Vol. 35, No. 2, Supplementation: 131
Diffuse Parenchymal lung disease: An update, diagnosis & management
Authors: Ahmad Mohammad Mohiuddin
Published: June 2024

Diffuse Parenchymal lung disease (DPLD) is an umbrella term for over 200 different diseases that display considerable variation in terms of clinical course, treatment and prognosis. Broadly, they can be subdivided into those with an identifiable cause and those without; the latter being referred to as idiopathic interstitial pneumonias. Clinical assessment aims to identify a possible cause; screening for features of systemic disease (eg connective tissue disease) or environmental triggers. Relevant exposures include pneumotoxic drugs, radiation therapy, occupational exposures (eg asbestosis) or implicated allergens (hypersensitivity pneumonitis). Distinguishing the various forms of pulmonary fibrosis is critical for determining correct management and for predicting prognosis. All DPLD is characterized by variable degrees of inflammation and fibrosis. In inflammation dominant disease, the histology is that of organizing pneumonia or non-specific interstitial pneumonia, while in fibrosis dominant disease, Usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) is present– characterized by fibroblastic foci and only mild to moderate inflammation. These histological patterns are associated with specific radiological features, the recognition of which may abrogate the need for a formal biopsy and tissue diagnosis. With the discovery and approval of two new anti-fibrotic drugs (pirfenidone and nintedanib) heralding a new era in the disease. While these novel anti-fibrotic agents have been shown to slow the decline in forced vital capacity (FVC), they neither halt progression nor reverse existing fibrosis. These drugs only can be used in fibrosis predominant disease. In inflammation predominant cases can be treated by addressing the etiology. Pulmonary rehab is an important component of management.
Bangladesh J Medicine 2024; Vol. 35, No. 2, Supplementation: 135
Advances and Challenges in the Treatment of Peptic Ulcer Disease
Authors: Aftab Hafeza
Published: June 2024

Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) is a common gastrointestinal disorder affecting about 10% of the world’s population. Over the last decades there has been tremendous advancement in understanding the PUD,   diagnosis and treatments. Despite advances, there are still challenges in the management for its’ relapsing pattern, drug resistance, drug interactions and adverse effects.
Bangladesh J Medicine 2024; Vol. 35, No. 2, Supplementation: 143
Movement disorder: Beyond medical treatment
Authors: Rumi Jalal Uddin Muhammad , Shahi Selim
Published: June 2024

Medication, in conjunction with rehabilitative treatments such as physiotherapy, occupational therapy & even psychotherapy, is the prime therapy for movement disorders. As the condition advances, these techniques may fail or have unfavorable outcomes, necessitating surgery. In movement disorders such as essential tremor (ET), Parkinson’s disease (PD), and dystonia, surgery has become a well-established type of treatment. A variety of surgical treatments such as resection, ablation, stimulation, cell therapy, gene therapy, immunotherapy and others have been utilized to manage cases with movement disorder. Currently deep brain stimulation (DBS), with its inherent character of adjustability and reversibility including strong advocacy and marketing from industry, is most common surgical procedure for PD, ET and dystonia. Radiofrequency thalamotomy and other ablative procedures are also performed in selected patients. DBS has complicated electrical effects on individual neurons and neuronal networks, affects neurotransmitter concentrations and dynamics, and shapes the microenvironment, which includes astrocytes, microglia, and endothelial cells. DBS also affects neuroplasticity and may cause neurogenesis and neuroprotection (Jakobs et al. 2019).We have started DBS surgery on 2017, and as of today have done seven cases. Among them five are patient of advanced PD and two were suffering from generalized dystonia.We have done bilateral STN DBS in four PD patient and unilateral VIM thalamus DBS in another case. Bilateral GPI DBS was done in both cases of generalized dystonia.Our results in all our cases are very much encouraging. We like to share our experiences and outcome in the presentation.
Bangladesh J Medicine 2024; Vol. 35, No. 2, Supplementation: 152
Delirium in Critical Illness Patients and the Potential Role of Vitamin B supplements in the management of Delirium
Authors: Shareef Adnan , Islam M , Nasif KM , Roy S , Anam AM
Published: June 2024

Background: Delirium is a symptom of acute brain dysfunction and affects around 30% of patients admitted in Intensive care unit (ICU) and High dependency unit (HDU). The high incidence of delirium in the critical care setup inspired the ‘HDU team’ of Square Hospital to form an integrated approach to CNS monitoring and delirium management in critically ill patients. Methods: This randomized control trial was conducted in the adult HDU of a multidisciplinary hospital in Bangladesh from 16-Oct-2022 to 15-Oct-2023. The study included 2104 patients admitted during this period with ‘Sepsis’ and ‘Delirium’, confirmed by 4AT and DSM-V criteria. Patients showing cognitive improvement on correction of sepsis were excluded. Results: Addition of Vitamin B supplements showed statistically significant cognitive improvement (163 out of 204, p<0.001) in patients with delirium within 4 days. Better clinical improvements were observed in patients receiving Combination of Vitamin B (B1+B6+B12) supplements in comparison to patients receiving thiamin alone (84.6% vs 75%), although there was no statistical difference. Conclusion: Small number of studies and heterogenicity make it impossible to draw conclusions confirming the use of thiamin or vitamin B combination supplement as the best option in the prevention and treatment of delirium in critically ill patients. So, there is a need of large-scale, high quality randomized control trials to confirm the beneficial effects of these vitamins.
Bangladesh J Medicine 2024; Vol. 35, No. 2, Supplementation: 163