bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Parent and Child Preferences and Styles of Communication About Cancer Diagnoses and Treatment
Authors: Smith Lauren E. , Maybach Anna M. , Feldman Amanda , Darling Austin , Akard Terrah Foster , Gilmer Mary Jo
Published: July 2019

Communication challenges frequently occur among families and health care providers of children with life-threatening conditions. These obstacles compound concerns related to children’s diagnoses and treatment, the family’s quality of life, and delivery of care. Developmentally appropriate and validated methods of addressing the communication preferences of families with chronically ill children are limited. This study used six focus groups to determine child and parent preferences and styles of communication centering on new diagnoses and changes in prognosis. Hypothetical situations were used to minimize feelings of self-consciousness among school-aged and adolescent participants. Qualitative analyses (interrater reliability 75%) of child and parent responses revealed 3 categories and 11 subcategories or themes. The category of Characteristics of Communication Exchange included (1) how to tell, (2) who should tell, (3) when to tell, (4) who should be included, and (5) what to tell. The Knowledge and Understanding category included themes of (1) side effects of treatment, (2) what children understand, and (3) questions when being diagnosed. The category of Feelings and Emotions included themes of (1) feelings about changes in prognosis, (2) children’s feelings on being informed, and (3) coping and emotional regulation. Results reveal a need for developmentally appropriate, evidence-based education to inform parents on how, what, and when to communicate information concerning their child’s disease, as well as instructions around facilitating those discussions. Moreover, a need for professional education and training programs for providers is demonstrated by some parental dissatisfaction with bedside manner and disclosure of information. The data collected from this study lay a foundation for future research in communication as a principal factor in quality of life for pediatric patients and their families.
Antibiotic Dosing for Critically Ill Adult Patients Receiving Intermittent Hemodialysis, Prolonged Intermittent Renal Replacement Therapy, and Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy: An Update
Authors: Hoff Brian M. , Maker Jenana H. , Dager William E. , Heintz Brett H.
Published: July 2019

Objective: To summarize current antibiotic dosing recommendations in critically ill patients receiving intermittent hemodialysis (IHD), prolonged intermittent renal replacement therapy (PIRRT), and continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT), including considerations for individualizing therapy. Data Sources: A literature search of PubMed from January 2008 to May 2019 was performed to identify English-language literature in which dosing recommendations were proposed for antibiotics commonly used in critically ill patients receiving IHD, PIRRT, or CRRT. Study Selection and Data Extraction: All pertinent reviews, selected studies, and references were evaluated to ensure appropriateness for inclusion. Data Synthesis: Updated empirical dosing considerations are proposed for antibiotics in critically ill patients receiving IHD, PIRRT, and CRRT with recommendations for individualizing therapy. Relevance to Patient Care and Clinical Practice: This review defines principles for assessing renal function, identifies RRT system properties affecting drug clearance and drug properties affecting clearance during RRT, outlines pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic dosing considerations, reviews pertinent updates in the literature, develops updated empirical dosing recommendations, and highlights important factors for individualizing therapy in critically ill patients. Conclusions: Appropriate antimicrobial selection and dosing are vital to improve clinical outcomes. Dosing recommendations should be applied cautiously with efforts to consider local epidemiology and resistance patterns, antibiotic dosing and infusion strategies, renal replacement modalities, patient-specific considerations, severity of illness, residual renal function, comorbidities, and patient response to therapy. Recommendations provided herein are intended to serve as a guide in developing and revising therapy plans individualized to meet a patient’s needs.
Emergency Department Visits for Psychotropic-Related Adverse Drug Events in Older Adults With Alzheimer Disease, 2013-2014
Authors: Sepassi Aryana , Watanabe Jonathan H.
Published: July 2019

Background: More than 1.3 million emergency department visits have been associated with adverse drug events (ADEs) in older adults. Increasing Alzheimer’s disease (AD) prevalence in the geriatric population poses an additive risk of ADEs because of the array of psychotropic medications prescribed for AD patients. Scant research has been conducted at a nationwide level on psychotropic-related ADEs in this population. Objective: This study aimed to determine the incidence and economic burden of psychotropic ADEs in the geriatric AD population compared with the non-AD geriatric population. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted of geriatric AD patients who visited the ED in 2013 with a psychotropic-related ADE to determine the incidence and resource utilization of these events. The relationship between presence of AD and an ADE was analyzed using multiple logistic regression. Results: There were 427 969 Alzheimer’s ED visits compared with 20 492 554 ED visits without. Of the AD cases, 1.04% were associated with at least 1 adverse event. AD cases more frequently were admitted as inpatients (64.90% vs 34.92%, P < 0.01). Common drug classes associated with AD-related ADEs were benzodiazepines, antipsychotics, and autonomic nervous system–affecting agents (adrenergic agonists, antimuscarinic agents, anticholinergic agents). There was a significantly higher likelihood for Alzheimer’s cases to experience any psychotropic-related adverse event (OR = 1.66; 95% CI = 1.20, 1.82). Conclusion and Relevance: Alzheimer’s patients more frequently experienced psychotropic-related adverse events and related adverse outcomes than older adults without Alzheimer’s. Application of these findings should be implemented in protocol development to reduce future psychotropic-related adverse outcomes for this population.
Assessing the Severity of Concerns About Preschool Children’s Self-Regulation of Attention, Behavior, and Emotions Using the ABLE Universal Screener: A Rasch Analysis
Authors: Barbarin Oscar , Hitti Aline , Brown Jeffrey
Published: July 2019

Discerning the seriousness of socioemotional symptoms in young children can be difficult. To address this issue, the Attention, Behavior, Language, and Emotions (ABLE) universal behavioral health screener uses a rubric for severity that includes indicators of problem duration, impairment, generalizability, exacerbation, persistence, peer comparison, and need for professional intervention. This report examines whether this rubric can be treated as a unidimensional scale across respondents and problem types and streamlined for more efficient screening. Head Start teachers and parents ( N = 2,643) reported socioemotional, attentional, behavioral, and language problems. Rasch analyses confirmed that the ABLE severity scale is unidimensional but the coherence of severity indicators differed by respondents. Consequently, greater precision in establishing clinical significance can be achieved by weighting severity items differentially for teachers and parents.
Thyroid-Like Follicular Renal Cell Carcinoma Arising Within Benign Mixed Epithelial and Stromal Tumor
Authors: Tretiakova Maria S. , Kehr Elizabeth L. , Gore John L. , Tykodi Scott S.
Published: July 2019

Thyroid-like follicular renal cell carcinoma (TLF-RCC) is an extremely rare tumor with less than 40 published reports. These tumors are morphologically distinct with striking resemblance to thyroid follicular tumors, but immunohistochemically different due to lack of thyroglobulin and thyroid transcription factor 1 expression. TLF-RCCs arise in younger patients (mean age = 41 years) with female predominance and in all reported cases were solitary tumors without coexisting epithelial or mesenchymal kidney neoplasms. In this article, we report a case of a 42-year-old woman who presented with an incidental 4-cm solid and cystic left renal mass of the upper pole, which was resected. A detailed imaging assessment, pathologic findings, and immunohistochemical studies revealed a partially encapsulated TLF-RCC arising in a background of mixed epithelial and stromal tumor.
Focused Submission of Tissue for Radical Prostatectomy Following Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging/Ultrasound Fusion-Targeted Biopsy
Authors: Fasciano Danielle , Eich Marie-Lisa , del Carmen Rodriguez Pena Maria , Rais-Bahrami Soroush , Gordetsky Jennifer
Published: July 2019

Prostate cancer can be difficult to appreciate grossly and therefore partial sampling of the gland can lead to incorrect grading, staging, or margin status. However, submitting the entire prostate is more time consuming and costly. We investigated the use of magnetic resonance imaging/ultrasound-targeted biopsy for the selective submission of prostatectomy specimens. We performed a retrospective review for patients with cancer on targeted prostate biopsy who underwent subsequent radical prostatectomy. Prostatectomy specimens were submitted in their entirety and assessed for Grade Group, extraprostatic extension (EPE), margins, and number of blocks. For Targeted-Grossing (TG) assessment, apex margin, bladder neck margin, seminal vesicles, and vas deferens sections were included. For the remainder of the prostate, only sections from areas shown to be positive for cancer on targeted biopsy were included in the analysis. With total tissue submission, EPE was found in 39/81 (48.1%) cases and positive margins in 19/81 (23.5%) cases. The TG method required significantly fewer blocks: 15.8 ± 5.9 versus 44.9 ± 11.9 ( P < .0001). The TG method would have diagnosed the correct stage in 73/81 (90.1%) cases, Grade Group in 74/81 (91.4%) cases, and margin status in 79/81 (97.5%) cases. EPE was missed completely by the TG method in 7 cases ( P = .008), of which 5/7 (71.4%) had focal EPE. There was no significant difference in stage ( P = .24), Grade Group ( P = .95), or margin status ( P = .16) between the 2 methods. Grossing utilizing selective tissue submission from areas found to be positive for prostate cancer on magnetic resonance imaging/ultrasound-targeted prostate biopsy remains inferior to complete submission of tissue for radical prostatectomy specimens.
Evaluation of a Simple and Safe Tumor Drilling Technique to Potentiate the Effect of Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy in the Treatment of Recurrent Epithelial Ovarian, Tubal, and Peritoneal Cancer: A Matched Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Chao Wei-Ting , Chien Ching-Hui , Lai Chung-Ru , Wu Hui-Ju , Chuang Chi-Mu
Published: July 2019

Frontline intraperitoneal chemotherapy (IPCT) in the treatment of epithelial ovarian cancer has been well established. However, the role of second-line IPCT is yet to be confirmed. With a view to implementing IPCT to treat recurrent disease, a prerequisite is to perform a cytoreductive procedure to minimize residual tumor size. However, the role of cytoreductive procedure is still in debate due to a higher chance of complications. A matched retrospective cohort study was conducted. From 2008 to 2015, we adopted a relatively simple and safe tumor drilling technique to maximize tumor exposure to second-line IPCT. Patients who received tumor drilling followed by second-line IPCT constituted the cohort group. Concurrently, patients who received standard second-line systemic chemotherapy were selected as the comparison group. After propensity score matching, 85 patients in each group entered into the final analysis. The median progression-free survival was 7.3 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 6.2-7.8) for the cohort group versus 4.1 months (95% CI, 4.0-4.3) for the comparison group (hazard ratio = 0.25 [95% CI, 0.17-0.36]; P < .001, by log-rank test). The median overall survival was 33.6 months (32.1-36.6) for the cohort group versus 25.9 months (20.5-26.9) for the comparison group (hazard ratio = 0.33 [95% CI, 0.23-0.48]; P < .001, by log-rank test). Toxicities in the cohort group were not different from those that were published in reports of IPCT for ovarian cancer. The most commonly observed toxicity was gastrointestinal origin (51.7%), and it may be attributed to the intraperitoneal pharmacokinetic clearance of cisplatin and taxol and we also discussed the mechanism of gastrointestinal toxicity. Tumor drilling followed by second-line IPCT may confer a survival advantage over standard second-line systemic chemotherapy in the treatment of recurrent ovarian cancer.
Older Adults and Their Families: An Interactional Intervention That Brings Forth Love and Softens Suffering
Authors: Wright Lorraine M.
Published: July 2019

When assisting older adults and their families, the most useful family nursing conceptual skill is embracing the belief that “illness is a family affair.” This illness belief summons a systemic or interactional focus specifically on relationship communication patterns. Uncovering maladaptive and distressing familial interactions, a family nurse can intervene and offer ideas for more loving and caring interactional patterns. Three brief and one detailed clinical case example, illustrating how to conceptualize interactional patterns and how to intervene, are offered. This article also presents the author’s firsthand caregiving experience with its accompanying joys and pitfalls. Despite her decades of clinical practice and professional assistance to numerous elderly families, the caregiving and interactions with her father held no guarantee of being filled with consistent care and love. Although not easily applicable to one’s own family, focusing on the interrelationships with the elderly and their families, the embedded interactional patterns become the crucial ingredient to facilitate more satisfying and loving relationships.
Ready for Transfer to Adult Care? A Triadic Evaluation of Transition Readiness in Adolescents With Congenital Heart Disease and Their Parents
Authors: Burström Åsa , Acuña Mora Mariela , Öjmyr-Joelsson Maria , Sparud-Lundin Carina , Rydberg Annika , Hanseus Katarina , Frenckner Björn , Nisell Margret , Moons Philip , Bratt Ewa-Lena
Published: July 2019

Transfer to adult care for adolescents with chronic conditions ought to be determined by transition readiness. The aims of this study were (a) to describe the level of readiness for transition in adolescents with congenital heart disease, (b) to compare adolescents’ assessment of transition readiness with their parents’ assessments, and (c) to study potential correlates of transition readiness. A total of 157 triads of adolescents aged 14 to 18 years and their parents completed the Readiness for Transition Questionnaire. Adolescents scored higher on overall readiness than their parents. Multivariable analyses revealed that higher levels of adolescents’ overall readiness were associated with a less threatening view of the illness, a higher level of empowerment, and with higher mothers’ and fathers’ overall readiness scores. Adolescents’ responsibility scores were positively associated with age and parental adolescent responsibility scores. Parental involvement scores were negatively associated with adolescents’ age and positively with the mothers’ parental involvement scores. By using a triadic evaluation, the results of the present study significantly extend what is currently known about this population.
Drug-related problems with targeted/immunotherapies at an oncology outpatient clinic
Authors: Kucuk Esra , Bayraktar-Ekincioglu Aygin , Erman Mustafa , Kilickap Saadettin
Published: July 2019

Background

Some studies in the literature describe drug-related problems in patients with cancer, although few studies focused on patients receiving targeted chemotherapy and/or immunotherapy. To identify the incidence of drug-related problems in patients receiving targeted chemotherapy and/or immunotherapy, and demonstrate the impact of a clinical pharmacist in an outpatient oncology care setting.

Methods

Prospective study was conducted in a hospital outpatient oncology clinic between October 2015 and March 2016. Patients greater than 18 years old receiving cetuximab, nivolumab, ipilimumab, or pembrolizumab were included in the study and monitored over a three-month period by a clinical pharmacist. Drug-related problems were analyzed using the Pharmaceutical Care Network Europe classification system. The main outcome measures were the frequency and causes of drug-related problems and the degree of resolution achieved through the involvement of a clinical pharmacist.

Results

A total of 54 patients (mean age: 57 ± 12 years) were included. There were 105 drug-related problems and 159 associated causes. Among the planned interventions (n = 149), 92 interventions were at the patient-level with 88 (96%) being accepted by the doctors. This resulted in 68 (65%) drug-related problems being completely resolved and 9 (8.6%) being partially resolved. The most common drug-related problem identified was “adverse drug event” (n = 38, 36%). Of the 105 drug-related problems, 63 (60%) related to targeted chemotherapy and/or immunotherapy with 34 (54%) classified as an “adverse drug event.”

Conclusion

Adverse drug events were the most common drug-related problems in patients with cancer. The involvement of a clinical pharmacist improved the identification of drug-related problems and helped optimize treatment outcomes in patients receiving targeted chemotherapy/immunotherapy.
A Brief Comment on “Percent Change as a Measure of Price Escalation in Water and Energy Utilities” by Jordi Honey-Rosés and Claudio Pareja
Authors: Hanser Philip
Published: July 2019

This comment discusses the article by Honey-Roses and Pareja (2019). It attempts to provide additional insights into their analysis by placing it in a price index framework. A simple example is provided, which demonstrates this alternative view along with other suggestions for the use of their analysis.
Autophagy in Triptolide-Mediated Cytotoxicity in Hepatic Cells
Authors: Wei Yan Ming , Luan Zhi Hua , Liu Bi Wang , Wang Yong Hui , Chang Yin Xia , Xue Hui Qing , Ren Jin Hong
Published: July 2019

Triptolide is a major active ingredient isolated from the traditional Chinese herb Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F. However, its use in clinical practice is limited due to its severe hepatotoxicity. Autophagy, a highly conserved intracellular process, is essential for maintaining cytoplasmic homeostasis. Considering that abnormalities in autophagy are closely associated with drug-mediated hepatotoxicity, we applied human normal liver HL7702 cells to elucidate the roles of autophagy in triptolide-induced hepatotoxicity. Our study revealed that triptolide was cytotoxic to HL7702 cells. It markedly increased autophagosome formation and expression of autophagy-related proteins, namely Beclin1 and microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3II, and induced oxidative stress. These proautophagic effects were counteracted by pretreatment with N-acetylcysteine, a reactive oxygen species scavenger. Moreover, the pharmacological suppression of autophagy further exacerbated triptolide-elicited decrease in cell viability, increase in lactate dehydrogenase leakage, and activation of apoptosis proteases (caspase 3 and caspase 9). Our findings suggest that triptolide-induced oxidative stress consequently enhances autophagic activity, and autophagy is a cytoprotective mechanism against triptolide-induced cytotoxicity in HL7702 cells.
Meta-Analyses as a Multi-Level Model
Authors: Gooty Janaki , Banks George C. , Loignon Andrew C. , Tonidandel Scott , Williams Courtney E.
Published: July 2019

Meta-analyses are well known and widely implemented in almost every domain of research in management as well as the social, medical, and behavioral sciences. While this technique is useful for determining validity coefficients (i.e., effect sizes), meta-analyses are predicated on the assumption of independence of primary effect sizes, which might be routinely violated in the organizational sciences. Here, we discuss the implications of violating the independence assumption and demonstrate how meta-analysis could be cast as a multilevel, variance known (Vknown) model to account for such dependency in primary studies’ effect sizes. We illustrate such techniques for meta-analytic data via the HLM 7.0 software as it remains the most widely used multilevel analyses software in management. In so doing, we draw on examples in educational psychology (where such techniques were first developed), organizational sciences, and a Monte Carlo simulation (Appendix). We conclude with a discussion of implications, caveats, and future extensions. Our Appendix details features of a newly developed application that is free (based on R), user-friendly, and provides an alternative to the HLM program.
Combining Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation and Virtual Reality for Improving Sensorimotor Function in Stroke Survivors: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Junior Vitor Antônio dos Santos , Santos Matheus de Sales , Ribeiro Nildo Manoel da Silva , Maldonado Igor Lima
Published: July 2019

Aim:

To assess a program combining virtual reality (VR) games and proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) and to compare it with the standalone techniques in stroke survivors.

Methods:

A randomized controlled clinical trial. A total of 48 participants were recruited in the outpatient clinic of a University Hospital in Salvador, Brazil. They were randomly assigned to 3 groups (n = 16 each): PNF, VR, and PNF/VR. Participants attended twice-weekly 50-minute sessions over a 2-month period. The PNF/VR group performed both PNF and VR exercises employing Nintendo Wii electronic games. Motor performance was assessed before and immediately after the treatment using the Fugl-Meyer Assessment scale.

Results:

An improvement in the mean scores was observed after treatment independent of the allocation group with significant intragroup changes: 14.5, 10.5, and 10.4 for PNF, VR, and PNF/VR, respectively. Score changes were also observed in the analyses of specific sections as follows: (1) a significant improvement in the passive movement and pain score was observed in the PNF and PNF/VR groups; (2) the same was observed for the motor function of the upper limb in all groups, for the motor function of the lower limb in the VR group and for balance in the PNF and PNF/VR groups.

Conclusions:

The use of a program combining virtual rehabilitation and PNF presented results that were comparable with those obtained with the isolated techniques.
No substitute for victory? Why just war theorists can’t win
Authors: O’Driscoll Cian
Published: July 2019

Victory has historically been regarded as the ‘ telos’ or ‘very object’ of war. As one well-placed commentator has noted, war is all about winning. It is baffling to note, then, that contemporary just war theory, the predominant framework for addressing the moral and legal questions that war raises, makes no allowance for victory. Today’s just war theorists shun the language of victory, preferring instead to speak about the ‘endings’ of warfare. This article investigates why just war theorists have been so reluctant to engage with the idiom of victory. It identifies seven principal objections to accommodating victory in just war theory and subjects them to cross-examination. It concludes that while there are good reasons for regarding the discourse of victory as deeply problematic, these same reasons could (and arguably should) be taken as an argument for embracing rather than ignoring victory within the just war framework. Such a move would not only spare just war theory of the charge of irrelevance by ensuring that it remains connected to the material realities of modern warfare, it would also illuminate the tragic character of just war itself, revealing both its necessity and limitations.
Developing home-based telemental health services for youth: Practices from the SUAY Study
Authors: Schoenfelder Gonzalez Erin , Myers Kathleen , Thompson Ella E , King Deborah A , Glass Ashley M , Penfold Robert B
Published: July 2019

Introduction

There are no published procedural or safety guidelines for home-based telemental health (TMH) therapy with youth, despite the unique challenges and risks of providing services to this population outside of a traditional clinic setting. We developed clinical, logistical, and safety procedures for home-based TMH with youth in the context of a large clinical trial.

Methods

A Targeted Approach to Safer Use of Antipsychotics in Youth (SUAY) study identifies youth ages 3–17 who are prescribed second-generation antipsychotic medication for non-psychotic disorders within large healthcare systems. Prescribing physicians receive psychopharmacology consultation. Patients receive a “navigator” to coordinate treatments and access to TMH if they do not have a local therapist. We optimized access by allowing TMH sessions to take place in the family’s home, while providing guidelines for privacy, safety, and in-session crises.

Results

Clinical issues included providing flexibility in the treatment modality and engaging families. Logistical issues included remote consenting for treatment and troubleshooting technological problems. Safety issues included crisis and safety planning with the youth and family before and during treatment.

Discussion

The provision of home-based TMH therapy for youth requires adaptations to existing TMH procedural and safety guidelines to optimize clinical care, technology coordination, and safety. Trial registration number and trial register: Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT03448575
Preparation and characterization of pulsed electrodeposited cobalt–graphene nanocomposite coatings
Authors: Raveen R , Yoganandh J , SathieshKumar S , Neelakandeswari N
Published: July 2019

Cobalt–graphene nanocomposite coatings possess unique mechanical and tribological properties which attract researchers to explore its potential for various industrial applications. This research work presents the investigation on cobalt–graphene nanocomposite coatings, with two different graphene compositions cobalt–graphene (0.15 and 0.45 wt%) prepared by pulsed electrodeposition from aqueous bath involving cobalt chloride, trisodium citrate, and citric acid on low carbon steel substrate. Studies on coating morphology, microhardness, tribological characteristics such as wear and corrosion for the cobalt–graphene nanocomposite coatings were reported. Cobalt–graphene (0.45 wt%) nanocomposite coating which exhibits low wear rate in all load conditions due to the self-lubricating property of graphene and cobalt–graphene (0.15 wt%) nanocomposite coating shows higher corrosion resistance due to its layered cauliflower surface morphology.
Storytelling among child welfare social workers: Constructing professional role and resilience through team talk
Authors: Cook Laura L
Published: July 2019

Child welfare social work is emotive and demanding work, requiring highly skilled and resilient practitioners. In a context of austerity, increased public scrutiny and accountability, defensive practice has been identified as a feature of professional practice. However, little is known about the processes through which social workers develop resilience or come to adopt a defensive stance in managing the demands of their work. This article focuses on professional storytelling among child welfare social workers. It examines how social workers construct their professional role through team talk and the implications of this for our understanding of professional resilience and defensiveness. Drawing on an in-depth narrative analysis of focus groups with social work teams, eight story types are identified in social workers’ talk about their work: emotional container stories, solidarity stories, professional epiphanies, professional affirmation stories, partnership stories, parables of persistence, tales of courageous practice and cautionary tales. Each story type foregrounds a particular aspect of child welfare practice, containing a moral about social work with vulnerable children and families. The article concludes with the implications of these stories for our understanding of both resilience and the pull towards defensiveness in child welfare social work.
The multiple mediating effects of illness perceptions and coping strategies on the relationship between physical symptoms and depressive symptoms in patients with heart failure
Authors: Chen Cancan , Fang Wenjie , An Yan , Wang Lyu , Fan Xiuzhen
Published: July 2019

Background:

Depressive symptoms are prevalent and cause poor health outcomes in patients with heart failure. Studies show that the physical symptoms of heart failure are associated with depressive symptoms. However, little is known about the underlying mechanisms of this relationship.

Aims:

The purpose of our study was to examine the associations between physical symptoms, illness perceptions, coping strategies and depressive symptoms and to test the multiple mediation effects of illness perceptions and coping strategies on the relationship between physical symptoms and depressive symptoms in patients with heart failure.

Methods:

Physical symptoms, illness perceptions, coping strategies and depressive symptoms were assessed using self-reported questionnaires among 302 patients (64.2±11.9 years, 54% male) with heart failure in a tertiary general hospital. A serial multiple mediation model was tested using the PROCESS macro for SPSS.

Results:

Depressive symptoms were positively correlated with physical symptoms ( r=0.487, p<0.01), illness perceptions ( r=0.499, p<0.01) and acceptance–resignation coping ( r=0.580, p<0.01). The relationship between physical symptoms and depressive symptoms was mediated by illness perceptions (indirect effect: 0.036, confidence interval (0.014, 0.059)) and by acceptance-resignation (indirect effect: 0.034, confidence interval (0.019, 0.053)), respectively, and by these two in serial (indirect effect: 0.021, confidence interval (0.013, 0.033)).

Conclusion:

Patients with heart failure who have more physical symptoms are vulnerable to the development of depression. Healthcare providers should implement interventions focused on changing illness perceptions and reducing acceptance–resignation coping to relieve depressive symptoms.
Stab-resistance of auxetic weft-knitted fabric with Kevlar fibers at quasi-static loading
Authors: Sun Yaxin , Xu Wanli , Wei Wenfang , Ma Pibo , Xia Fenglin
Published: July 2019

In this paper, a novel auxetic weft-knitted fabric was firstly designed, which was based on the rhombus-shaped grid re-entrant structure. Then the fabric was fabricated using Kevlar filament yarn with 200D fineness on a computerized flat knitting machine. And the Poisson’s ratio values in weft, warp, and diagonal directions of this weft-knitted fabric were measured. The results showed that it exhibits the negative Poisson’s ratio effect in all three directions. Then the quasi-static stab resistance tests at five different puncture speeds were carried out on this auxetic weft-knitted fabric and the plain weft-knitted fabric with same raw material and similar loop length. The experimental results show that the auxetic weft-knitted fabric has higher peak load and energy absorption capacity at quasi-static loading. The results also show that the quasi-static stab resistance of the auxetic weft-knitted fabric strengthens with the increase of the puncture speed, but changes little after the puncture speed reaches a certain value (50 mm/min).
The Memory Box-Initiative: Nonextractivist Research Methodologies and the Struggle for an Architecture of Remembrance in Kabul, Afghanistan
Authors: Joffre-Eichhorn Hjalmar Jorge
Published: July 2019

Over the past 10 years, the Afghanistan Human Rights and Democracy Organization (AHRDO), a Kabul-based civil society organization and arts-activism platform, together with various self-organized, local war victims associations, has fought an uphill battle to challenge Afghanistan’s entrenched culture of impunity and make a contribution to a more just, democratic and peaceful country from the bottom-up. The current article critically describes, theorizes, and poeticizes one particular aspect of this decade-long struggle, the so-called Memory Box-Initiative, inspired by Augusto Boal’s Aesthetics of the Oppressed. Challenging the fact that in many urban centers of Afghanistan, and in particular in the capital Kabul, a great number of public monuments and buildings are dedicated to war criminals, a veritable architecture of impunity, the aim of the initiative is the creation of a counter-hegemonic, victims-centered architecture of remembrance, taking place in a context of a highly contested Transitional Justice process. The main sections of the article address the following three issues: (a) the attempt by Afghanistan’s political, religious, and military elites to undermine the efforts of the country’s war victims to challenge the current culture of impunity by promoting a cityscape in the image of what they consider to be war heroes; (b) the response by the Afghan community of war victims in the form of the Memory Boxes and subsequent advocacy efforts in the public sphere; and (c) the embedding of the Memory Boxes within the larger framework of what is currently being theorized as “nonextractivist methodologies” as part of what is known as the Epistemologies of the South, as proposed by Boaventura de Sousa Santos. The article will conclude with a call for increased epistemological and methodological insubordination and the need for further research and, above all, experimentation in combining the Memory Boxes and the Epistemologies of the South in the global struggle for social and cognitive justice.
Neuropathic Pain in Taxane-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy: Evidence for Exercise in Treatment
Authors: Andersen Hammond Elizabeth , Pitz Marshall , Shay Barbara
Published: July 2019

One in 2 Canadians is expected to acquire cancer in their lifetime. Many cancers, including breast, ovarian, and lung cancer, are treated using taxane chemotherapy with curative intent. A major adverse effect with the use of taxane chemotherapeutic agents is taxane-induced peripheral neuropathy (TIPN). Both positive (spontaneous pain, heightened sensitivity with light touch, tingling, itching, burning) and negative (loss of touch, loss of hot/cold sensations, and loss of pain) sensory symptoms can be experienced in the hands and feet and worsen with increasing dose and treatment duration. The pathophysiology of TIPN is still unknown but likely involves multiple mechanisms, including microtubule impairment, neuroimmune and inflammatory changes, ion channel remodeling, impaired mitochondrial function, and genetic predisposition. This review highlights current theories on the pathophysiology for TIPN, the cellular responses thought to maintain neuropathic pain, and the growing support for exercise in the treatment and prevention of peripheral neuropathy and neuropathic pain in both animal and human models.
Influence of magnetic field on double convection problem of fractional viscous fluid over an exponentially moving vertical plate: New trends of Caputo time-fractional derivative model
Authors: Shah Nehad Ali , Khan Ilyas , Aleem Maryam , Imran MA
Published: July 2019

In this article, the influence of a magnetic field is studied on a generalized viscous fluid model with double convection, due to simultaneous effects of heat and mass transfer induced by temperature and concentration gradients. The fluid is considered over an exponentially accelerated vertical plate with time-dependent boundary conditions. Additional effects of heat generation and chemical reaction are also considered. A generalized viscous fluid model consists of three partial differential equations of momentum, heat, and mass transfer with corresponding initial and boundary condition. The idea of non-integer order Caputo time-fractional derivatives is used, and exact solutions for velocity, temperature, and concentration in terms of Wright function and function of Lorenzo–Hartley are developed for ordinary cases. Graphical analysis of flow and fractional parameters is made by using computational software MathCad, and discussed. The results obtained are also in good agreement with the published results from the literature. As a result, it is found that temperature and fluid velocity can be enhanced for smaller values of fractional parameters.
The dynamics of a new chaotic system through the Caputo–Fabrizio and Atanagan–Baleanu fractional operators
Authors: Khan Muhammad Altaf
Published: July 2019

The aim of this article is to analyze the dynamics of the new chaotic system in the sense of two fractional operators, that is, the Caputo–Fabrizio and the Atangana–Baleanu derivatives. Initially, we consider a new chaotic model and present some of the fundamental properties of the model. Then, we apply the Caputo–Fabrizio derivative and implement a numerical procedure to obtain their graphical results. Further, we consider the same model, apply the Atangana–Baleanu operator, and present their analysis. The Atangana–Baleanu model is used further to present a numerical approach for their solutions. We obtain and discuss the graphical results to each operator in details. Furthermore, we give a comparison of both the operators applied on the new chaotic model in the form of various graphical results by considering many values of the fractional-order parameter [Formula: see text]. We show that at the integer case, both the models (in Caputo–Fabrizio sense and the Atangana–Baleanu sense) give the same results.
A cost-effective neural network–based damage detection procedure for cylindrical equipment
Authors: Karami-Mohammadi R , Mirtaheri M , Salkhordeh M , Hariri-Ardebili MA
Published: July 2019

This article presents a vibration-based technique for damage detection in the cylindrical equipment. First, a damage index based on the residual frequency responses is defined. This technique uses the principal component analysis for data reduction by eliminating the components that have the minimum contribution to the damage index. Then, the principal components are fed into neural networks to identify the changes in the damage pattern. Furthermore, the efficiency of this technique in the field condition is investigated by adding different noise levels to the output data. This study aims at proposing a cost-effective damage detection model using only one sensor. Therefore, the optimal location of the sensor is also discussed. A case study of capacitive voltage transformer is used for validation of finite element models. The neural networks are trained using numerical data and tested with experimental one. Several parametric analyses are performed to investigate the sensitivity of the model.
The Invisible Center: Christian Liberalism in American Religious Freedom Jurisprudence
Authors: Dick Hannah
Published: July 2019

This article interrogates the notion of liberal state neutrality when it comes to adjudicating religious freedom claims. Drawing on work in political theory, legal theory, and religious studies, I argue that Christianity is a central and invisible feature of liberalism. I then examine how Christian liberalism has shaped American religious freedom jurisprudence, analyzing contradictory Supreme Court decisions involving free exercise and establishment claims. On the one hand, the language of secular purpose has safeguarded several Christian expressions from Establishment Clause scrutiny. On the other hand, since the passage of the Religious Freedom Restoration Act (1993), some Christian conservative legal advocates have repositioned Christianity as a persecuted religion requiring free exercise exemptions from antidiscrimination law. That the Court has recently obliged this more narrow understanding of religious freedom demonstrates the resilience of the Christian liberal state. While the cases are drawn from the American context, I suggest that the language of Christian liberalism is a useful conceptual tool for analyzing religious freedom claims in a variety of liberal democratic contexts.
Neuropathic pain and Kv7 voltage-gated potassium channels: The potential role of Kv7 activators in the treatment of neuropathic pain
Authors: Abd-Elsayed Alaa , Jackson Markus , Gu Steven L , Fiala Kenneth , Gu Jianguo
Published: July 2019

Neuropathic pain conditions severely and chronically affect the quality of life in a large human population, but the pain conditions are not adequately managed due to poor understanding of their underlying mechanisms. There is a pressing need for further research into this field to help develop effective and nonaddictive medications to treat neuropathic pain. This article first describes general clinical classification of pain, types and symptoms of neuropathic pain, and current practices of clinical management for neuropathic pain. This is followed by a discussion of various cellular and molecular mechanisms responsible for the development and maintenance of neuropathic pain. In this review, we highlight the loss of function of Kv7 voltage-gated potassium as a mechanism of neuropathic pain and the potential use of Kv7 channel activator as subsequent treatment.
The benefit (and cost) of drawing as an encoding strategy
Authors: Meade Melissa E , Klein Michael D , Fernandes Myra A
Published: July 2019

Drawing, as an encoding strategy for to-be-remembered words, has previously been shown to provide robust memory benefits. In the current study, we investigated the effect of drawing on false memory endorsements during a recognition test. We found that while drawing led to higher hit rates relative to writing (Experiment 1) and creating visual mental imagery (Experiment 2), it also led to higher false alarm (FA) rates to critical lures in a variant of the Deese–Roediger–McDermott (DRM) paradigm. When compared with an encoding strategy requiring listing of object features (Experiment 3), drawing led to a lower FA rate. We suggest that drawing enhances memory by promoting recollection of rich visual contextual information during retrieval, and this leads to the unintended side effect of increasing FA rates to related information.
Targeting CDK9 and MCL-1 by a new CDK9/p-TEFb inhibitor with and without 5-fluorouracil in esophageal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Tong Zhimin , Mejia Alicia , Veeranki Omkara , Verma Anuj , Correa Arlene M. , Dokey Rashmi , Patel Viren , Solis Luisa Maren , Mino Barbara , Kathkuda Riham , Rodriguez-Canales Jaime , Lin Steven H. , Krishnan Sunil , Kopetz Scott , Blum Mariela , Ajani Jaffer A. , Hofstetter Wayne L. , Maru Dipen M.
Published: July 2019

Background:

CDK9 inhibitors are antitumorigenic against solid tumors, including esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). However, efficacy of a CDK9 inhibitor combined with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and target proteins that are targeted by these agents in EAC are unknown.

Methods:

The anti-EAC efficacy of a new CDK9 inhibitor, BAY1143572, with and without 5-FU was assessed in vitro and in xenograft models in athymic nu/nu mice. Synergy between BAY1143572 and 5-FU in inhibiting cell proliferation was analyzed by calculating the combination index using CompuSyn software. Potential targets of BAY1143572 and 5-FU were identified by reverse-phase protein array. The effects of BAY1143572 and 5-FU on MCL-1 in vitro were analyzed by Western blotting, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and chromatin immunoprecipitation assay. MCL-1 protein expression in tumors from patients with locoregional EAC treated with chemoradiation and surgery was assessed by immunohistochemistry.

Results:

BAY1143572 had dose-dependent antiproliferative and proapoptotic effects and demonstrated synergy with 5-FU against EAC in vitro. The median volumes of FLO-1 and ESO-26 xenografts treated with 5-FU plus BAY114352 were significantly smaller than those of xenografts treated with either agent alone ( p < 0.05). BAY1143572 downregulated MCL-1 by inhibiting HIF-1α binding to the MCL-1 promoter. 5-FU enhanced BAY1143572-induced MCL-1 downregulation and stable MCL-1 overexpression reduced the apoptosis induced by BAY1143572 and 5-FU in vitro. High patients’ tumor MCL-1 expression was correlated with shorter overall and recurrence-free survival.

Conclusions:

BAY1143572 and 5-FU have synergistic antitumorigenic effects against EAC. MCL-1 is a downstream target of CDK9 inhibitors and a predictor of response to neoadjuvant chemoradiation in EAC.
Monitoring employees' e-mail correspondence and Internet use – A Finnish perspective – PART II
Authors: Eklund Mia Catharina
Published: July 2019

This contribution is published in two parts. In Part I, published in the previous issue of the European Labour Law Journal, the monitoring of employees’ e-mail and Internet use was examined in light of the Trade Secrets Directive 2016/943 and the Finnish Trade Secrets Act (595/2018), the case law of the European Court of Human Rights and the guidance of the Article 29 Working Party. Part II examines the Finnish legislation applicable to the monitoring of employees’ use of e-mail and Internet. It provides an understanding on the applicable Finnish legal framework as an example of a European national approach highlighting the divergence between the level of protection afforded in different EU Member States and to reflect on why the subject matter is so sensitive.
Bio-based thermoset alloys from epoxy acrylate, sesame oil- and castor oil-derived resins: Renewable alternatives to vinyl ester and unsaturated polyester resins
Authors: Karami Z , Zohuriaan-Mehr MJ , Kabiri K , Ghasemi Rad N
Published: July 2019

This study deals with the synthesis of vegetable oil (VO)-derived formulated resins with high bio-based content (30–77%) as potential renewable alternatives to conventional fossil-based vinyl ester (VE) and unsaturated polyester (UP) resins. First, epoxy acrylate was synthesized from a commercial epoxy resin via acrylation with acrylic acid. Then, acrylated epoxidized sesame oil (AESSO) and maleated castor oil (MCO) were synthesized and spectrally characterized. Afterward, networks of VE, AESSO, and MCO or their binary blends were prepared. The curing trend of the resins was investigated by differential scanning calorimetry. According to thermal and thermomechanical analysis, all of the VO-based networks possessed slightly inferior properties compared to those of VE. However, the adhesion strength of the VO-based alloying systems was higher than that of their petroleum-based counterpart based on T-peel and lap shear tests. Overall, it was concluded that the bio-resourced alloys could be considered as good alternatives to VE and UP resins, and the novel bio-resin formulations may be designed for adhesives, the polymer–matrix composites, and surface coating applications.