bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Strain engineered pyrochlore at high pressure
Authors: Rittman Dylan R. , Turner Katlyn M. , Park Sulgiye , Fuentes Antonio F. , Park Changyong , Ewing Rodney C. , Mao Wendy L.
Published: May 2017

Strain engineering is a promising method for next-generation materials processing techniques. Here, we use mechanical milling and annealing followed by compression in diamond anvil cell to tailor the intrinsic and extrinsic strain in pyrochlore, Dy2Ti2O7 and Dy2Zr2O7. Raman spectroscopy, X-ray pair distribution function analysis, and X-ray diffraction were used to characterize atomic order over short-, medium-, and long-range spatial scales, respectively, under ambient conditions. Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction were further employed to interrogate the material in situ at high pressure. High-pressure behavior is found to depend on the species and concentration of defects in the sample at ambient conditions. Overall, we show that defects can be engineered to lower the phase transformation onset pressure by ~50% in the ordered pyrochlore Dy2Ti2O7, and lower the phase transformation completion pressure by ~20% in the disordered pyrochlore Dy2Zr2O7. These improvements are achieved without significantly sacrificing mechanical integrity, as characterized by bulk modulus.
Erratum: Stereopsis deficits in patients with schizophrenia in a Han Chinese population
Authors: Hui Li , Xia Hai Sen , Tang An Shu , Zhou Yi Feng , Yin Guang Zhong , Hu Xing Long , Du Xiang Dong , Tang Yong
Published: May 2017

Scientific Reports 7: Article number: 45988; published online: 12 April 2017; updated: 16 May 2017 In this Article, Yi Feng Zhou is incorrectly listed as being affiliated with ‘Mental Health Center of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui, PR China’. The correct affiliation is listed below: Vision Research Laboratory, School of Life Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, PR China.
Erratum: Molecular characterization reveals the complexity of previously overlooked coral-exosymbiont interactions and the implications for coral-guild ecology
Authors: Rouzé H. , Leray M. , Magalon H. , Penin L. , Gélin P. , Knowlton N. , Fauvelot C.
Published: May 2017

Scientific Reports 7: Article number: 44923; published online: 30 March 2017; updated: 16 May 2017 This Article contains typographical errors in Table 2. For Gene ‘COI’, species ‘T. guttata’ under ‘Present study’, the location ‘RI’ should read ‘RI, NC’.
Quantification of cocaine and its adulterants (lidocaine and levamisole) using the Dragendorff reagent allied to paper spray ionization mass spectrometry
Authors: Santos H. , Lima A. S. , Mazega A. , Domingos E. , Thompson C. J. , Maldaner A. O. , Filgueiras P. R. , Vaz B. G. , Romão W.
Published: May 2017

The combination of paper chromatography with PS(+)MS showed be promise to quantify cocaine, lidocaine and levamisole.
The role of acid–base equilibria in formal hydrogen transfer reactions: tryptophan radical repair by uric acid as a paradigmatic case
Authors: Muñoz-Rugeles Leonardo , Galano Annia , Alvarez-Idaboy Juan Raúl
Published: May 2017

The sequential proton gain electron transfer and proton electron sequential transfer mechanisms play the most important roles in tryptophan repair by uric acid.
First-principles study of adsorption–desorption kinetics of aqueous V2+/V3+ redox species on graphite in a vanadium redox flow battery
Authors: Jiang Zhen , Klyukin Konstantin , Alexandrov Vitaly
Published: May 2017

Vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs) represent a promising solution to grid-scale energy storage, and understanding the reactivity of electrode materials is crucial for improving the power density of VRFBs.
Aldose to ketose interconversion: galactose and arabinose isomerization over heterogeneous catalysts
Authors: Murzin Dmitry Yu. , Murzina Elena V. , Aho Atte , Kazakova Mariya A. , Selyutin Alexander G. , Kubicka David , Kuznetsov Vladimir L. , Simakova Irina L.
Published: May 2017

Isomerization of glucose, galactose and arabinose to corresponding keto-sugars was studied in the present work over a range of heterogeneous catalysts.
Enhancing ethylene epoxidation of a MWW-type titanosilicate/H2O2catalytic system by fluorine implanting
Authors: Lu Xinqing , Zhou Wen-Juan , Guan Yejun , Liebens Armin , Wu Peng
Published: May 2017

SiO3/2F units in the framework of Ti-MWW generate stronger hydrogen-bonding between Hend in Ti–Oα–Oβ–Hendintermediates and the adjacent Si–F species, which effectively improves the catalytic performance of Ti-MWW for the liquid-phase epoxidation of ethylene.
Forty years of temporal analysis of products
Authors: Morgan K. , Maguire N. , Fushimi R. , Gleaves J. T. , Goguet A. , Harold M. P. , Kondratenko E. V. , Menon U. , Schuurman Y. , Yablonsky G. S.
Published: May 2017

A detailed understanding of reaction mechanisms and kinetics is required in order to develop and optimize catalysts and catalytic processes. Temporal analysis of products (TAP) is an instrument capable of providing such understanding.
Dicyanoaurate-based heterobimetallic uranyl coordination polymers
Authors: Brown Matthew L. , Ovens Jeffrey S. , Leznoff Daniel B.
Published: May 2017

The first series of uranyl ([UO2]2+)-dicyanoaurate coordination polymers and molecular complexes has been synthesized, with small changes in reaction solvent resulting in large changes in structural morphology.
Photolysis and cellular toxicities of the organic ultraviolet filter chemical octyl methoxycinnamate and its photoproducts
Authors: Stein Hannah V. , Berg Courtney J. , Maung Jessica N. , O'Connor Lauren E. , Pagano Alexandra E. , MacManus-Spencer Laura A. , Paulick Margot G.
Published: May 2017

This study provides valuable information about the photolysis of octyl methoxycinnamate, a sunscreen ingredient, and its potential impact on human and environmental health.
Disintegration of aerobic granules during prolonged operation
Authors: Yuan Shasha , Gao Mingming , Zhu Fanping , Afzal Muhammad Zaheer , Wang Yun-Kun , Xu Hai , Wang Mingyu , Wang Shu-Guang , Wang Xin-Hua
Published: May 2017

A comprehensive set of measurements is used to investigate the growth and disintegration of aerobic granules in different development stages.
Recent progress in the development of metal complexes as β-amyloid imaging probes in the brain
Authors: Chen Kaihua , Cui Mengchao
Published: May 2017

In this review, we have focused on the recent progress in metal complexes that are able to bind to β-amyloid (Aβ) species.
Evaluating the friction of rotary joints in molecular machines
Authors: Hogg Tad , Moses Matthew S. , Allis Damian G.
Published: May 2017

A single-bond molecular rotary joint in a diamondoid housing used to evaluate rotational friction.
Optimal sound-absorbing structures
Authors: Yang Min , Chen Shuyu , Fu Caixing , Sheng Ping
Published: May 2017

Absorption by design, with minimal sample thickness allowed by the law of nature, can now be realized by using a design recipe that incorporates the causal constraint of acoustic response as a crucial element.
Reliable manipulation of gas bubbles by regulating interfacial morphologies and chemical components
Authors: Zhang Peipei , Zhang Jingjing , Xue Zhongxin , Wang Jingming , Jiang Lei
Published: May 2017

The reliable manipulation of gas bubble behaviors is achieved. The gas bubbles grow in situ and are released with small diameters and spherical morphologies on hydrophilic interfaces, while they grow with a spherical crown shape and coalesce with their neighbors on hydrophobic interfaces.
First-principles prediction on bismuthylene monolayer as a promising quantum spin Hall insulator
Authors: Zhang Run-Wu , Zhang Chang-Wen , Ji Wei-Xiao , Yan Shi-Shen , Yao Yu-Gui
Published: May 2017

We predict a stable new 2D large gap topological insulator in the porous allotrope of bismuth monolayer, i.e. bismuthylene. Its topological properties can be reserved under strains and electric fields.
Biomass-involved synthesis of N-substituted benzofuro[2,3-d]pyrimidine-4-amines and biological evaluation as novel EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors
Authors: Sheng Jianfei , Liu Zhihong , Yan Ming , Zhang Xuejing , Wang Dejian , Xu Jun , Zhang Ensheng , Zou Yong
Published: May 2017

Facile synthesis of N-substituted benzofuro[2,3-d]pyrimidine-4-amines from shikimic acid and biological evaluation as novel EGFR TKIs is described.
Synthesis and characterisation of cerium(iv)-incorporated hydrous iron(iii) oxide as an adsorbent for fluoride removal from water
Authors: Mukhopadhyay Kankan , Ghosh Abir , Das Supriyo Kumar , Show Bibhutibhushan , Sasikumar Palani , Chand Ghosh Uday
Published: May 2017

Surface-altered hydrous iron(iii) oxide incorporating cerium(iv) (CIHFO) was prepared and characterisedviamodern analytical tools for applications in fluoride removal from groundwater.
Molecular analysis of polysaccharide accumulation in Dendrobium nobile infected with the mycorrhizal fungus Mycena sp.
Authors: Li Qing , Li Bing , Zhou Li-Si , Ding Gang , Li Biao , Guo Shun-Xing
Published: May 2017

By RNA-Seq, some candidate genes involved in the polysaccharide accumulation inDendrobium nobileinfected with the mycorrhizal fungusMycenasp. were identified and assessed.
Aggregation suppressed thin film nanocomposite (TFN) membranes prepared with an in situ generation of TiO2nanoadditives
Authors: Wang Shujie , Yi Zhuan , Zhao Xueting , Zhou Yong , Gao Congjie
Published: May 2017

A TFN membrane was prepared within situgeneration of TiO2to suppress nano-aggregation in active layer.
Flame retardant epoxy resin based on organic titanate and polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane-containing additives with synergistic effects
Authors: Zeng Birong , Liu Yongzhou , Yang Li , Zheng Wei , Chen Ting , Chen Guorong , Xu Yiting , Yuan Conghui , Dai Lizong
Published: May 2017

In order to develop epoxy resins possessing good thermal, mechanical, and flame retardancy performance, a synthesized POSS-bisDOPO was used as co-additive with tetrabutyl titanate to construct the ternary phosphorous–silicon–titanium synergy system.
Addition of iron oxides in sediments enhances 2,3,4,5-tetrachlorobiphenyl (PCB 61) dechlorination by low-voltage electric fields
Authors: Liu Xiaoping , Wan Hui , Xue Yuzhou , Feng Chunhua , Wei Chaohai
Published: May 2017

The presence of iron oxides in sediments significantly improves anaerobic dechlorination of PCB (i.e., PCB 61) in bioelectrochemical reactors.
Improved bioavailability of curcumin in liposomes prepared using a pH-driven, organic solvent-free, easily scalable process
Authors: Cheng Ce , Peng Shengfeng , Li Ziling , Zou Liqiang , Liu Wei , Liu Chengmei
Published: May 2017

pH-driven method, an organic solvent-free and easily scale-upable method, was firstly utilized to prepared curcumin-loaded liposomes.
Ternary NiCoP nanoparticles assembled on graphene for high-performance lithium-ion batteries and supercapacitors
Authors: Wang Chunde , Qian Yinyin , Yang Jing , Xing Shiqi , Ding Xu , Yang Qing
Published: May 2017

We demonstrate that ternary NiCoP nanoparticles can be self-assembled on graphene at room temperature by a solution-phase method and our electrode materials exhibit a high performance for LIBs and supercapacitors.
Superhydrophobic surfaces on brass substrates fabricated via micro-etching and a growth process
Authors: Tan Junyang , Hao Junjie , An Zhenqiang , Liu Changsheng
Published: May 2017

A superhydrophobic surface was fabricated on brass using a simple micro-etching technique. Numerous rough structures on the micro/nanometer scale were achieved, and the free energy of the surface was reduced using stearic acid modification.
Exploring ion migration in Li2MnSiO4 for Li-ion batteries through strain effects
Authors: Jia Mingzhen , Wang Hongyan , Sun Zhandong , Chen Yuanzheng , Guo Chunsheng , Gan Liyong
Published: May 2017

In this paper, first principles calculations were performed to investigate the effect of lattice strain on the ionic diffusion and the defect formation in Li2MnSiO4, which are directly related to the rate performance.
Evaluation of the degree of chitosan deacetylation via induced-electrical properties
Authors: Li Dandan , Guo Lunan , Yang Na , Zhang Yao , Jin Zhengyu , Xu Xueming
Published: May 2017

The properties and functionalities of chitosan are closely related to its degree of deacetylation (DD).
Correction: Dual-initiator alkoxyamines with an N-tert-butyl-N-(1-diethylphosphono-2,2-dimethylpropyl) nitroxide moiety for preparation of block co-polymers
Authors: Audran Gérard , Bagryanskaya Elena , Edeleva Mariya , Marque Sylvain R. A. , Yamasaki Toshihide
Published: May 2017

Correction for ‘Dual-initiator alkoxyamines with an N-tert-butyl-N-(1-diethylphosphono-2,2-dimethylpropyl) nitroxide moiety for preparation of block co-polymers’ by Gérard Audran et al., RSC Adv., 2017, 7, 4993–5001.
Remarkable effect of alkalis on the chemoselective hydrogenation of functionalized nitroarenes over high-loading Pt/FeOx catalysts
Authors: Wei Haisheng , Ren Yujing , Wang Aiqin , Liu Xiaoyan , Liu Xin , Zhang Leilei , Miao Shu , Li Lin , Liu Jingyue , Wang Junhu , Wang Guofu , Su Dangsheng , Zhang Tao
Published: May 2017

Alkali metals transform non-selective high-loading Pt/FeOx to a highly chemoselective catalyst by helping to form isolated and electropositive Pt centers.
Three dimensional hybrid multi-layered graphene–CNT catalyst supports via rapid thermal annealing of nickel acetate
Authors: Samuels Thomas O. M. , Robertson Alex W. , Kim Heeyeon , Pasta Mauro , Warner Jamie H.
Published: May 2017

Three-dimensionally structured graphitic materials are of interest for electrochemical applications as electrodes and catalyst supports.
Integration of plasmonic and amorphous effects in MoO3−x spheres for efficient photoelectrochemical water oxidation
Authors: Jin Lili , Zheng Xusheng , Liu Wei , Cao Linlin , Cao Yuanjie , Yao Tao , Wei Shiqiang
Published: May 2017

MoO3−x spheres with plasmonic and amorphous features were obtained as highly active and stable photoanodes for water oxidation.
Multifunctional poly(glycolic acid-co-propylene fumarate) electrospun fibers reinforced with graphene oxide and hydroxyapatite nanorods
Authors: Díez-Pascual Ana M. , Díez-Vicente Angel L.
Published: May 2017

Biocompatible and biodegradable PGA-co-PPF/HA/GO hybrid nanocomposite fibers with high stiffness and good bactericidal activity have been developed for soft tissue engineering.
A silica supported tricarbocyanine based pH nanosensor with a large Stokes shift and a near infrared fluorescence response: performance in vitro and in live cells
Authors: Toum Terrones Yamili , Coluccio Leskow Federico , Bordoni Andrea V. , Acebedo Sofía L. , Spagnuolo Carla C. , Wolosiuk Alejandro
Published: May 2017

We report the synthesis of a near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent pH probe with a remarkable Stokes shift (∼135 nm) based on a tricarbocyanine (Cy-PIP).
Excitonic Zeeman splittings in colloidal CdSe quantum dots doped with single magnetic impurities
Authors: Barrows Charles J. , Fainblat Rachel , Gamelin Daniel R.
Published: May 2017

Unique magneto-optical properties are observed in colloidal quantum dots containing single Mn2+ impurities.
Evaporation-induced self-assembly synthesis of Ni-doped mesoporous SnO2 thin films with tunable room temperature magnetic properties
Authors: Fan Junpeng , Guerrero Miguel , Carretero-Genevrier Adrián , Baró Maria Dolors , Suriñach Santiago , Pellicer Eva , Sort Jordi
Published: May 2017

Controlled doping of mesoporous SnO2 thin films with Ni2+ during evaporation induced self-assembly (EISA) synthesis enables room-temperature ferromagnetic properties.
Sensitivity of non-small cell lung cancer to erlotinib is regulated by the Notch/miR-223/FBXW7pathway
Authors: Zhang Haiwei , Chen Fanglin , He Yongpeng , Yi Lin , Ge Chuang , Shi Xiaolong , Tang Chao , Wang Donglin , Wu Yongzhong , Nian Weiqi
Published: May 2017

Recent evidence supports a role for microRNA-223 (miR-223) in modulating tumor cell sensitivity to chemotherapeutic drugs; however, its role in cellular resistance to the effects of epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) used in treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains to be elucidated. The levels of miR-223 in parental cell line (HCC827) and erlotinib resistant HCC827 cell line (HCC827/ER) were detected by qRT-PCR. HCC827/ER cells were treated with MK-2206 to block the Akt signaling pathway or RO4929097 to block the Notch signaling pathway, and then transfected with an miR-223 inhibitor or interference expression plasmid of F-Box/WD repeat-containing protein 7 (FBXW7) or insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R). HCC827 cells were transfected with miR-223 mimics. Next, CCK-8, colony formation, and flow cytometric apoptosis assays were used to assess cell resistance to erlotinib. When compared with its expression in HCC827 cells, miR-223 expression was significantly up-regulated in HCC827/ER cells. Blocking either the Akt or Notch signaling pathway and reducing miR-223 expression resulted in decreased resistance in HCC827/ER cells. Conversely, increasing miR-223 expression induced cell resistance to erlotinib in HCC827 cells. miR-223 enhanced resistance to erlotinib by down-regulating FBXW7 expression. Reducing FBXW7 expression lowered resistance to erlotinib in HCC827/ER cells, while interference with expression of IGF1R produced no significant effect. This study demonstrated that NSCLC cells can up-regulate their levels of miR-223 expression via the Akt and Notch signaling pathways. miR-223 may serve as an important regulator of erlotinib sensitivity in NSCLC cells by targeting FBXW7.
Relationship Between Objectively Measured Physical Activity, Cardiovascular Disease Biomarkers, and Hearing Sensitivity Using Data From the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003–2006
Authors: Loprinzi Paul D. , Joyner Chelsea
Published: May 2017

Purpose

Limited research has examined the interrelationships among cardiometabolic parameters, physical activity, and hearing function, which was this study's purpose.

Method

Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003–2006 were used in the path analyses. Physical activity and hearing function were both objectively measured. Various cardiometabolic parameters were assessed from a blood sample. Adults 30–85 years (
N
= 1,070) constituted the analytic sample.

Results

Physical activity was negatively associated with triglycerides (β = −0.11,
p
< .05) and insulin (β = −0.27,
p
< .05); triglycerides (β = 0.01,
p
< .05), and insulin (β = 0.05,
p
< .05) were positively associated with high-frequency pure-tone average (HPTA). The direct path from physical activity to HPTA was nonsignificant (β = 0.01,
p
= .99).

Conclusion

Physical activity was associated with select cardiovascular disease risk factors. Several cardiovascular disease risk factors were associated with hearing function.
Decentralised coordinated secondary voltage control of multi‐area power grids using model predictive control
Authors: Morattab Arvin , Akhrif Ouassima , Saad Maarouf
Published: May 2017

This manuscript presents a decentralised control scheme for coordinated SVC (CSVC) of large‐scale power networks. In this way, for each area of the power grid, a model predictive controller (MPC) which modifies the set points of reactive power compensators participating in CSVC algorithm is designed. The proposed controller takes into account reactive power limits of these compensation devices. The novelty of the method lies in the consideration of measured reactive power deviation on tie‐lines between neighbouring areas as measured disturbance and compensation of the disturbance by regional MPC controllers. As another contribution of this work, the validation of the proposed algorithm is done in real‐time simulation environment in which the decentralised MPC controllers are run in parallel on separate computational cores. The stability and robustness of the presented algorithm is validated for a large‐scale realistic transmission network with 5000 buses considering standard communication protocols to send and receive the data. Simulation results show that the proposed method can regulate the voltages on the pilot buses at the desired values in the presence of load variations and communication delays. Finally, the computational burden of the proposed method is evaluated in real time.
Analysis of inverter sizing ratio for PV systems considering local climate data in central Brazil
Authors: Paiva Gabriel M. , Pimentel Sérgio P. , Marra Enes G. , Alvarenga Bernardo P.
Published: May 2017

The operating cost reduction of photovoltaic (PV) systems is an important way to increase its economic viability for stakeholders. In this study, an inverter sizing ratio (ISR) analysis is carried out in order to quantify its potential benefit in the context of building‐integrated PV systems and PV distributed generation in the central region of Brazil. An algorithm was created to analyse the ISR considering 12 years of measured climate data and data provided by manufacturers of system components. Among three analytical methodologies discussed in this study, the power limitation analysis seems to be the best reference for design adjustments related to a specific location or energy market. By that, a potential reduction over 10% of levelised cost of energy can be achieved in case of varying ISR from the unity value (theoretical) to its new fitted value.
The relation between the column density structures and the magnetic field orientation in the Vela C molecular complex
Authors: Soler J. D. , Ade P. A. R. , Angilè F. E. , Ashton P. , Benton S. J. , Devlin M. J. , Dober B. , Fissel L. M. , Fukui Y. , Galitzki N. , Gandilo N. N. , Hennebelle P. , Klein J. , Li Z.-Y. , Korotkov A. L. , Martin P. G. , Matthews T. G. , Moncelsi L. , Netterfield C. B. , Novak G. , Pascale E. , Poidevin F. , Santos F. P. , Savini G. , Scott D. , Shariff J. A. , Thomas N. E. , Tucker C. E. , Tucker G. S. , Ward-Thompson D.
Published: May 2017

We statistically evaluated the relative orientation between gas column density structures, inferred from Herschel submillimetre observations, and the magnetic field projected on the plane of sky, inferred from polarized thermal emission of Galactic dust observed by the Balloon-borne Large-Aperture Submillimetre Telescope for Polarimetry (BLASTPol) at 250, 350, and 500 μm, towards the Vela C molecular complex. First, we find very good agreement between the polarization orientations in the three wavelength-bands, suggesting that, at the considered common angular resolution of 3.́0 that corresponds to a physical scale of approximately 0.61 pc, the inferred magnetic field orientation is not significantly affected by temperature or dust grain alignment effects. Second, we find that the relative orientation between gas column density structures and the magnetic field changes progressively with increasing gas column density, from mostly parallel or having no preferred orientation at low column densities to mostly perpendicular at the highest column densities. This observation is in agreement with previous studies by the Planck collaboration towards more nearby molecular clouds. Finally, we find a correspondencebetween (a) the trends in relative orientation between the column density structures and the projected magnetic field; and (b) the shape of the column density probability distribution functions (PDFs). In the sub-regions of Vela C dominated by one clear filamentary structure, or “ridges”, where the high-column density tails of the PDFs are flatter, we find a sharp transition from preferentially parallel or having no preferred relative orientation at low column densities to preferentially perpendicular at highest column densities. In the sub-regions of Vela C dominated by several filamentary structures with multiple orientations, or “nests”, where the maximum values of the column density are smaller than in the ridge-like sub-regions and the high-column density tails of the PDFs are steeper, such a transition is also present, but it is clearly less sharp than in the ridge-like sub-regions. Both of these results suggest that the magnetic field is dynamically important for the formation of density structures in this region.
Testing the universality of the star-formation efficiency in dense molecular gas
Authors: Shimajiri Y. , André Ph. , Braine J. , Könyves V. , Schneider N. , Bontemps S. , Ladjelate B. , Roy A. , Gao Y. , Chen H.
Published: May 2017

Context. Recent studies with, for example, Spitzer and Herschel have suggested that star formation in dense molecular gas may be governed by essentially the same “law” in Galactic clouds and external galaxies. This conclusion remains controversial, however, in large part because different tracers have been used to probe the mass of dense molecular gas in Galactic and extragalactic studies.

Aims. We aimed to calibrate the HCN and HCO+ lines commonly used as dense gas tracers in extragalactic studies and to test the possible universality of the star-formation efficiency in dense gas (≳104 cm-3), SFEdense.

Methods. We conducted wide-field mapping of the Aquila, Ophiuchus, and Orion B clouds at ~0.04 pc resolution in the J = 1 − 0 transition of HCN, HCO+, and their isotopomers. For each cloud, we derived a reference estimate of the dense gas mass MHerschelAV > 8, as well as the strength of the local far-ultraviolet (FUV) radiation field, using Herschel Gould Belt survey data products, and estimated the star-formation rate from direct counting of the number of Spitzer young stellar objects.

Results. The H13CO+(1–0) and H13CN(1–0) lines were observed to be good tracers of the dense star-forming filaments detected with Herschel. Comparing the luminosities LHCN and LHCO+ measured in the HCN and HCO+ lines with the reference masses MHerschelAV > 8, the empirical conversion factors αHerschel − HCN (=MHerschelAV > 8/LHCN) and αHerschel − HCO+ (=MHerschelAV > 8/LHCO+) were found to be significantly anti-correlated with the local FUV strength. In agreement with a recent independent study of Orion B by Pety et al., the HCN and HCO+ lines were found to trace gas down to AV ≳ 2. As a result, published extragalactic HCN studies must be tracing all of the moderate density gas down to nH2 ≲ 103 cm-3. Estimating the contribution of this moderate density gas from the typical column density probability distribution functions in nearby clouds, we obtained the following G0-dependent HCN conversion factor for external galaxies: αHerschel − HCNfit′ = 64 × G0-0.34. Re-estimating the dense gas masses in external galaxies with αHerschel − HCNfit′(G0), we found that SFEdense is remarkably constant, with a scatter of less than 1.5 orders of magnitude around 4.5 × 10-8 yr-1, over eight orders of magnitude in dense gas mass.

Conclusions. Our results confirm that SFEdense of galaxies is quasi-universal on a wide range of scales from ~ 1–10 pc to > 10 kpc. Based on the tight link between star formation and filamentary structure found in Herschel studies of nearby clouds, we argue that SFEdense is primarily set by the “microphysics” of core and star formation along filaments.
Convergence analysis of the plant propagation algorithm for continuous global optimization
Authors: Brahimi Nassim , Salhi Abdellah , Ourbih-Tari Megdouda
Published: May 2017

The Plant Propagation Algorithm (PPA) is a Nature-Inspired stochastic algorithm, which emulates the way plants, in particular the strawberry plant, propagate using runners. It has been experimentally tested both on unconstrained and constrained continuous global optimization problems and was found to be competitive against well established algorithms. This paper is concerned with its convergence analysis. It first puts forward a general convergence theorem for a large class of random algorithms, before the PPA convergence theorem is derived and proved. It then illustrates the results on simple problems.
Modeling fuzzy data envelopment analysis under robust input and output data
Authors: Bai Xuejie , Zhang Feng , Liu Yankui
Published: May 2017

This paper offers a fuzzy optimization framework for data envelopment analysis (DEA) to evaluate the relative efficiency of decision making units (DMUs) with parametric interval-valued fuzzy variable-based inputs and outputs. The parametric interval-valued fuzzy variable-based inputs and outputs is employed to capture the uncertainty of data on the basis of professional judgements or empirical estimations. The DEA problem is formulated as fuzzy expectation model with credibility constraints. When the inputs and outputs are mutually independent parametric interval-valued triangular fuzzy variables, we investigate the parametric equivalent representations of expectation objective function and chance constraints. In order to find the optimal solution of our DEA model, a domain decomposition method is proposed. Finally, the numerical example on the sustainable supplier evaluation and selection problem is provided to demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed DEA model and domain decomposition method.
Application of Selective Bronchial Intubation versus Neurally Adjusted Ventilatory Assist in the Management of Unilateral Pulmonary Interstitial Emphysema: An Illustrative Case and the Literature Review
Authors: Lee Shing-yan
Published: May 2017

In the treatment of left-sided pulmonary interstitial emphysema (PIE) in a 23-week neonate, we used two ventilatory strategies: selective bronchial intubation from day 10 to 15 and neurally adjusted ventilatory assist (NAVA) from day 18 to 26. We compared the effects and adverse effects of these two strategies. On selective bronchial intubation, desaturation was frequent. Fentanyl infusion was required. There was an episode of carbon dioxide retention coupled with hypotension. On NAVA, the neonate was clinically stable without the requirement of sedation. On selective bronchial intubation, ventilator setting in terms of mean airway pressure and oxygen requirement was higher, which came down on the first day of NAVA. Radiologically unilateral PIE did not resolve and became localized in the left middle zone of lung field on selective bronchial intubation. Also, the lobar collapse of ipsilateral, as well as contralateral lungs occurred. On NAVA, unilateral PIE resolved. NAVA might be a good option for the management of unilateral PIE.
Bildgebende Diagnostik beim akuten Skrotum
Authors: Ring Natalie , Staatz Gundula
Published: May 2017

Das akute Skrotum gehört zu den häufigsten urologischen Notfällen bei Kindern und Jugendlichen und bezeichnet das plötzliche Auftreten von Schmerzen im Skrotum, meist einhergehend mit begleitender Schwellung und Rötung des betroffenen Hodens. Am wichtigsten ist es zunächst festzustellen, ob ein chirurgisches Vorgehen mit Hodenfreilegung notwendig ist, oder ein konservatives Vorgehen gerechtfertigt ist. Da Anamnese und körperliche Untersuchung nicht immer eindeutig sind, kommt ergänzend oft die Sonografie mit farbkodierter Dopplersonografie als Bildgebung der 1. Wahl zum Einsatz. Hiermit gelingt es meist, eine OP-Pflichtige Hodentorsion oder auch eine Hodenruptur nach Trauma von ihren Differenzialdiagnosen, wie z. B. die Hydatidentorsion oder die Epididymorchitis zu unterscheiden. Weiterführende bildgebende Verfahren wie MRT, Szintigrafie oder kontrastmittelverstärkte Sonografie sind nur bei unklaren Fällen oder Komplikationen im Verlauf indiziert.
Papilläres Zystadenom als seltene Differenzialdiagnose einer paratestikulären Raumforderung
Authors: Dräger Désirée , Zonnur Sarah , Erbersdobler Andreas , Protzel Chris , Hakenberg Oliver
Published: May 2017

Das (para-)testikuläre Zystadenom entsteht aus einer oviduktähnlichen Struktur, die morphologisch nahezu identisch mit dem Oberflächenepithel des Ovars ist (Müllerʼsches Epithel). Es ist ein seltener benigner Tumor des Erwachsenenalters mit geringem malignen Potential. Das Durchschnittsalter liegt bei Erstdiagnose in den bisher beschriebenen Fällen bei 30 Jahren (11 – 75 Jahre). In Regel sind es asymptomatische zystische Raumforderungen, die häufig als Rete testis- oder Nebenhodentumoren fehlinterpretiert werden, da makroskopisch nicht sicher identifiziert werden kann, ob sie intra- oder paratestikulär entstanden sind 1. Bilaterale paratestikuläre Zystadenome sind mit dem Von-Hippel-Lindau-Syndrom assoziiert (18 % der von Hippel-Lindau-Patienten) und können aufgrund einer Obstruktion der samenleitenden Gänge mit Infertilität einhergehen 2
3. In der Literatur finden sich nur 12 Publikationen mit 35 berichteten Fällen paratestikulärer Zystadenome aus den Jahren 1986 – 2016, was die Seltenheit dieser Tumorentität verdeutlicht. Obwohl die Mehrheit gutartige Verläufe zeigt, werden aber auch wenige Fälle mit Rezidivbildung und/oder Metastasierung beschrieben, so dass eine Langzeitnachsorge ratsam erscheint 4. Aufgrund der Seltenheit gibt es jedoch keine allgemeinen Empfehlungen zur Therapie. Wir berichten von einem 74-jährigen Patienten mit einem seltenen paratestikulären papillären Zystadenom.
Der Stellenwert von Arbeit und beruflicher Beschäftigung in der Behandlung psychisch kranker Menschen
Authors: Gühne Uta , Stein Janine , Schwarzbach Michaela , Riedel-Heller Steffi
Published: May 2017

Die berufliche Exklusion von Menschen mit (schweren) psychischen Erkrankungen ist beträchtlich. Die Unterstützung beruflicher Teilhabe hier in Deutschland findet vor dem Hintergrund sozialrechtlicher Grundlagen in erster Linie im Bereich der Rehabilitation statt, sollte aber bestenfalls integraler Bestandteil im gesamten Behandlungs- und Rehabilitationsverlauf sein. Die vorliegende qualitative Studie geht der Frage nach, welchen Stellenwert das Thema Arbeit in den einzelnen Behandlungszusammenhängen psychisch kranker Menschen hat. Dazu wurden mit Behandlern (n=44) qualitative Interviews durchgeführt, welche transkribiert und inhaltsanalytisch ausgewertet wurden. Arbeit und berufliche Beschäftigung nehmen lt. Aussage der Befragten einen sehr wichtigen Stellenwert ein und werden bereits im Rahmen der Anamnese frühzeitig erfasst. Die Rollen der Behandler in den unterschiedlichen Versorgungssettings hinsichtlich der Unterstützung der Betroffenen sind vielfältig und individuell ausgerichtet. Spezifische Konzepte und kooperative Strukturen sind nur vereinzelt zu finden.
Kurz- und mittelfristige Wirksamkeit einer störungsspezifischen primären und sekundären Prävention von komorbider Depressivität bei chronischen Rückenschmerzen
Authors: Roch Svenja , Hampel Petra
Published: May 2017

Einleitung Aufgrund der hohen Komorbiditätsraten von psychischen Störungen bei chronischen Rückenschmerzen wurde ein störungsspezifisches Training zur Schmerzkompetenz und Depressionsprävention für die stationäre verhaltensmedizinisch orthopädische Rehabilitation entwickelt und evaluiert. Dabei wurden die Depressivität und Ängstlichkeit sowie schmerzbezogene Parameter untersucht.

Methode In den per protocol-Analysen wurden mit den Daten von n=723 Rehabilitanden Regressionsanalysen zur Evaluation des Trainings durchgeführt. Die intraindividuellen Veränderungen wurden mit Cohens d basierend auf Varianzanalysen mit Messwiederholung quantifiziert. Die Ergebnisse der Regressionsanalysen wurden mit n=1306 multipel imputierten Daten validiert.

Ergebnisse Die Rehabilitanden profitierten in allen Kennwerten kurz- und mittelfristig (6 Monate nach der Intervention) von der Rehabilitation sowohl mit als auch ohne zusätzliches Depressionspräventionstraining. Dabei war die Depressivität zu Rehabilitationsbeginn ein signifikanter Prädiktor für alle betrachteten Kriterien und das Depressionspräventionstraining konnte die geringste Schmerzintensität zu Rehabilitationsende unabhängig von der Depressivität zu Rehabilitationsbeginn reduzieren. Die Ergebnisse wurden durch die Analysen nach multipler Imputation bestätigt. Besonders in der Depressivität und Ängstlichkeit kam es in den ersten Monaten nach der Rehabilitation jedoch zu einem Rückgang der erzielten Verbesserungen.

Diskussion Die Ergebnisse untermauern den Einfluss der Depressivität auf die psychologischen und schmerzbezogenen Kennwerte. Dies spricht für die Relevanz der frühzeitigen Behandlung der depressiven Symptome. Allerdings zeigte das ergänzende Depressionspräventionstraining im Rahmen der stationären Rehabilitation keinen zusätzlichen Effekt, was auf die großen Effektstärken des alleinigen Schmerzkompetenztrainings zurückzuführen sein könnte. Zudem sollten die erzielten Verbesserungen durch geeignete Nachsorgemaßnahmen stabilisiert werden, da rückläufige Effekte 6 Monate nach der Rehabilitation zu verzeichnen waren.
Keratokonusprogression im Seitenvergleich
Authors: Goebels Susanne , Eppig Timo , Seitz Berthold , Langenbucher Achim
Published: May 2017

Einleitung Keratokonus ist eine meist beidseitig, progredient verlaufende Hornhauterkrankung. Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es, die Progression des Keratokonus im intraindividuellen Seitenvergleich zu beurteilen.

Patienten und Methoden In dieser monozentrischen retrospektiven Studie wurde der Krankheitsverlauf anhand topografischer Daten von nicht operierten Keratokonuspatienten (n = 48) über einen Zeitraum von mindestens 2 Jahren untersucht. Sieben topografische Keratokonusindizes aus der Scheimpflug-Tomografie wurden herangezogen, um sowohl die Ausgangsbefunde als auch die Progression der Partneraugen miteinander zu vergleichen.

Ergebnisse Die mittlere Beobachtungszeit betrug 3,3 ± 0,9 Jahre. Die Ausgangsbefunde eines Augenpaars korrelierten nicht miteinander (p > 0,05). Zwischen Ausgangsbefund und Progression der einzelnen Indizes zeigte sich für alle Indizes eine negative Korrelation (p < 0,05). Progression und Alter korrelierten nur für den kleinsten Krümmungsradius der Hornhaut (Rmin, R = 0,376, p = 0,008) und den Index of Height Decentration (IHD, R = 0,291, p = 0,045) miteinander. Hinsichtlich der intraindividuellen Progression zeigte sich eine schwache Korrelation für den Index of Surface Variance (ISV, R = − 0,399, p = 0,005), Index of Vertical Asymmetry (IVA, R = − 0,291, p = 0,045) und Keratokonusindex (KI, R = 0,307, p = 0,038).

Schlussfolgerungen Die bekannte Asymmetrie der Augenpaare bei Keratokonus, die typisch für das Krankheitsbild ist, wurde bestätigt. Diese Studie legt nahe, dass die Progression des Keratokonus eines Auges unabhängig von der Progression des Partnerauges ist. In dieser kleinen Patientengruppe konnte eine Altersabhängigkeit der Progression nicht für alle Keratokonusindizes nachgewiesen werden.
Visceral Artery Aneurysms and Pseudoaneurysms: Retrospective Analysis of Interventional Endovascular Therapy of 43 Aneurysms
Authors: Ruhnke Hannes , Kröncke Thomas
Published: May 2017

Purpose To evaluate the results of interventional endovascular therapy of incidental and symptomatic visceral artery aneurysms in the elective and emergency situation.

Materials and Methods 43 aneurysms in 38 patients (19 female, 19 male, mean age: 57 ± 16 years [18 – 82]) were treated between 2011 and 2015. The characteristics of the aneurysms (true vs. false aneurysm, size, etiology, location, symptoms) were considered. Furthermore, we evaluated the intervention with respect to technical success, embolic/occlusive agents used, therapy-associated complications and post-interventional follow-up. 

Results 23 true aneurysms (maximum diameter: 22 ± 18 mm [11 – 67 mm]) and 20 false aneurysms (maximum diameter: 9 ± 33 mm [3 – 150 mm]) were evaluated. The splenic (n = 14) and renal arteries (n = 18) were most frequently affected. The etiology was most commonly degenerative-atherosclerotic (47 %) or iatrogenic post-operative (19 %). 18/48 interventions were performed due to active bleeding. False aneurysms were associated significantly more often with active bleeding (63 vs. 25 %, p = 0.012). 41/48 treatments were technically successful. Re-intervention was necessary 6 times. In 2 cases the endovascular approach did not succeed. There was a complication rate of 10 %, whereby only 4 minor and 1 major complications occurred. No patient suffered from permanent sequelae. Aneurysms were primarily treated by using coils and if necessary additional embolic agents (liquid embolic agent or vascular plugs) (75 %). In the follow-up period, reperfusion of treated aneurysms occurred at a rate of 7 % (n = 3).

Conclusion Interventional endovascular therapy of visceral artery aneurysms is safe and effective in the elective treatment of incidental aneurysms as well as in significantly more frequent hemorrhaging false aneurysms in the emergency situation.

Key points 

Citation Format
Long-term outcomes after endoscopic ultrasound-guided ablation of pancreatic cysts
Authors: Choi Jun-Ho , Seo Dong , Song Tae , Park Do , Lee Sang , Lee Sung , Kim Myung-Hwan
Published: May 2017

Background and study aims The aim of this study was to investigate the long-term outcomes after endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided pancreatic cyst ablation.

Patients and methods In a single-center, prospective study, 164 patients with pancreatic cysts underwent EUS-guided cyst ablation using ethanol with paclitaxel. The inclusion criteria were as follows: unilocular or oligolocular cysts; clinically indeterminate cysts that required EUS fine-needle aspiration; and/or cysts that grew during the observation period. Treatment response was classified as complete resolution, partial resolution, or persistent cyst, with < 5 %, 5 % – 25 %, and 25 % of the original cyst volume, respectively.

Results The median largest diameter of the cyst was 32 mm and the median volume was 17.1 mL. Based on cyst fluid analysis there were 71 mucinous cystic neoplasms, 16 serous cystic neoplasms, 11 intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms, 3 pseudocysts, and 63 indeterminate cysts. Sixteen treated patients (9.8 %) had adverse events (1 severe, 4 moderate, and 11 mild). Treatment response was as follows: complete resolution in 114 (72.2 %), partial resolution in 31 (19.6 %), and persistent cysts in 13 (8.2 %). Twelve of the 13 patients with persistent cysts underwent surgery. During clinical and imaging follow-up (median 72 months, interquartile range 50 – 85 months) of the 114 patients with complete resolution, only two patients (1.7 %) showed cyst recurrence. Based on multivariate analysis, the absence of septa (odds ratio [OR] 7.12, 95 % confidence interval [CI] 2.72 – 18.67) and cyst size less than 35 mm (OR 2.39, 95 %CI 1.11 – 5.16) predicted complete resolution.

Conclusion Among patients with pancreatic cysts in whom complete resolution was achieved after EUS-guided cyst ablation, 98.3 % remained in remission at 6-year follow-up. Unilocular form and small cyst size were predictive of complete resolution. This treatment approach may be an effective and durable alternative to surgery.

Trial registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT 00689715).
HPLC-Based Activity Profiling for GABAA Receptor Modulators in Searsia pyroides Using a Larval Zebrafish Locomotor Assay
Authors: Moradi-Afrapoli Fahimeh , van der Merwe Hannes , De Mieri Maria , Wilhelm Anke , Stadler Marco , Zietsman Pieter , Hering Steffen , Swart Kenneth , Hamburger Matthias
Published: May 2017

A dichloromethane extract from leaves of Searsia pyroides potentiated gamma aminobutyric acid-induced chloride currents by 171.8 ± 54% when tested at 100 µg/mL in Xenopus oocytes transiently expressing gamma aminobutyric acid type A receptors composed of α
1
β
2
γ
2s subunits. In zebrafish larvae, the extract significantly lowered pentylenetetrazol-provoked locomotion when tested at 4 µg/mL. Active compounds of the extract were tracked with the aid of HPLC-based activity profiling utilizing a previously validated zebrafish larval locomotor activity assay. From two active HPLC fractions, compounds 1 – 3 were isolated. Structurally related compounds 4 – 6 were purified from a later eluting inactive HPLC fraction. With the aid of 1H and 13C NMR and high-resolution mass spectrometry, compounds 1 – 6 were identified as analogues of anacardic acid. Compounds 1 – 3 led to a concentration-dependent decrease of pentylenetetrazol-provoked locomotion in the zebrafish larvae model, while 4 – 6 were inactive. Compounds 1 – 3 enhanced gamma aminobutyric acid-induced chloride currents in Xenopus oocytes in a concentration-dependent manner, while 4 – 6 only showed marginal enhancements of gamma aminobutyric acid-induced chloride currents. Compounds 2, 3, and 5 have not been reported previously.
Misty, Spellbound and the lost Gothic of British girls’ comics
Authors: Round Julia
Published: May 2017

This article is a case study of the 1970s British girls’ comicsSpellbound(DC Thomson, 1976–1977) andMisty(IPC, 1978–1980). These mystery anthology comics followed the more famous American horror comics from publishers like EC Comics - but were aimed at pre-teen girls. The article situates these comics with respect to Gothic critical theory and within the wider landscape of British girls’ comics. Firstly, it closely considers and compares the structure and content of their stories with respect to theories of the terror and horror Gothic. It discovers that both comics offer similar fare, with a subversive streak that undercuts established horror archetypes. The article then looks closely at both titles’ aesthetics and their use of the page to draw comparisons. It uses comics theory and Gothic cinematic theory to demonstrate that the appearance ofMistyis more strongly Gothic than the aesthetic ofSpellbound. Finally, it considers a selection of stories from both comics and analyses their common themes using Gothic critical theory. It argues that both comics rework Gothic themes into new forms that are relevant to their pre-teen and teenage readers. It concludes by summarising the study’s findings and suggesting that these comics offer a “Gothic for Girls” that is part cautionary tale and part bildungsroman. This article is published as part of a collection on Gothic and horror.
Formaldehyde roaming dynamics: Comparison of quasi-classical trajectory calculations and experiments
Authors: Houston Paul L. , Wang Xiaohong , Ghosh Aryya , Bowman Joel M. , Quinn Mitchell S. , Kable Scott H.
Published: May 2017

The photodissociation dynamics of roaming in formaldehyde are studied by comparing quasi-classical trajectory calculations performed on a new potential energy surface (PES) to new and detailed experimental results detailing the CO + H2 product state distributions and their correlations. The new PES proves to be a significant improvement over the past one, now more than a decade old. The new experiments probe both the CO and H2 products of the formaldehyde dissociation. The experimental and trajectory data offer unprecedented detail about the correlations between internal states of the CO and H2 dissociation products as well as information on how these distributions are different for the roaming and transition-state pathways. The data investigated include, for dissociation on the formaldehyde 2143 band, (a) the speed distributions for individual vibrational/rotational states of the CO products, providing information about the correlated internal energy distributions of the H2 product, and (b) the rotational and vibrational distributions for the CO and H2 products as well as the contributions to each from both the transition state and roaming channels. The agreement between the trajectory and experimental data is quite satisfactory, although minor differences are noted. The general agreement provides support for future use of the experimental techniques and the new PES in understanding the dynamics of photodissociative processes.