bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The first report of the non-marine ostracod genus Cavernocypris Hartmann, 1964 (Crustacea, Ostracoda) from China, with a description of a new species
Authors: Zhai Dayou , Smith Robin J. , Zhang Dongdong
Published: February 2025

We describe Cavernocypris xiangisp. nov., the eighth nominated species of the genus, from two localities in Yunnan Province of southwestern China. As a member of Cavernocypris Hartmann, 1964, C. xiangisp. nov. has short swimming setae on the second antenna, and its left valve overlaps the right valve on the ventral side. It can be distinguished from its congeners by the elongated, conspicuously pitted carapace and large lateral shield of the hemipenis. Along with two other yet unnamed species, we present the first reports of Cavernocypris from China and also the most southerly records of the genus worldwide, significantly expanding its known geographical range. Up to now, five of the eight named Cavernocypris species and the two unnamed members recovered in this study are restricted to East Asia, which could be a hotspot of diversity for the genus. The large morphological variation and the wide, patchy distribution of Cavernocypris imply that diversification in the genus has a long geological history.
Homatula gelao (Cypriniformes, Nemacheilidae), a new nemacheiline species of loach from the upper Yangtze River basin in Guizhou Province, southwestern China
Authors: Xiao Gui-Bang , Guo Qi-Wei , Cao Liang , Lin Jia , Deng Wei-Xi , Xiao Qi-Qi , Zhou Lin , Zhang Hao-Ran , Fang Ding-Zhi
Published: February 2025

Homatula gelao, a new species, is here described from the Wu-Jiang of the Yangtze River basin in Guizhou province, southwestern China. This new species belongs to the elongate-bodied group of Homatula defined by having a complete lateral line, sparsely scales hidden in skin on the predorsal body, and a slender body with a uniform depth. It, along with H. variegata, is distinguished from all other species of this group in having a broadly rounded caudal fin and a small number of scales sparsely scattered over the predorsal body. Both differ in body coloration, striped pattern on the predorsal body, and caudal-peduncle length. The validity of the new species is corroborated by distinct genetic distance divergence with closely related congeneric species and its monophyly recovered in a mtDNA COI gene-based phylogenetic analysis. It is separated from other Homatula species by a minimum of 8.2% Kimura 2-parameter distance in the COI gene.
Retrouver l’humain au cœur de l’IA et de la robotique, et lui redonner toute sa place
Authors: Lambert Dominique
Published: February 2025

Le but de cette contribution est de mettre en évidence une série de problèmes éthiques qui surgissent de la délégation de pouvoirs proprement humains à des systèmes d’intelligence artificielle (IA) et à des robots plus ou moins autonomes. Nous montrons d’abord que notre fascination pour l’efficacité de ces systèmes peut entraîner une série de « cécités », d’occultations de caractéristiques anthropologiques fondamentales, menant à des problèmes juridiques et éthiques majeurs. Nous suggérons qu’une attention profonde à ce qui fait le propre et la richesse de la personne et un « principe de non-contradiction anthropologique » peuvent ouvrir la voie à un usage des IA et des robots qui, loin de toute technolâtrie et de toute technophobie, redonne toute sa place à l’humain. Disciplines : PHILOSOPHIE DES SCIENCES, SCIENCES PHYSIQUES
Protection des données à l’ère de l’analyse prédictive : pallier les limites de l’autodétermination informationnelle
Authors: Auclair Sylvain
Published: February 2025

Même si une personne n’a jamais révélé un élément d’information personnel ou intime, il est maintenant possible de recourir à l’analyse prédictive pour générer cet élément à son insu et à partir de vastes quantités de données disponibles. Les données générées peuvent servir à prendre des décisions sur les personnes et mener à de la manipulation et de la discrimination. Le RGPD, en tant que régime de protection des données, est essentiellement fondé sur l’autodétermination informationnelle. Nous expliquerons que cette approche ne protège pas adéquatement les individus des risques soulevés par l’analyse prédictive et ignore les enjeux collectifs liés à ce type d’analyse. Nous plaiderons en faveur de l’ajout d’une protection sociétale, soit un encadrement législatif des utilisations de données suivant une approche fondée sur le risque. Nous suggérerons deux manières d’ancrer cet encadrement dans le RGPD. Nous rappellerons que la protection des données s’enracine dans le droit à la vie privée et les valeurs éthiques qu’il défend. Discipline : ETHIQUE
Rêves au bord de la mer : l’image du port dans l’œuvre de Björn Larsson
Authors: Jarl Ireman Annelie
Published: February 2025

Les liens indissociables entre terre et mer se nouent dans les ports, à la fois refuges et points de départ des aventures du capitaine Marcel dans Le Capitaine et les rêves, et du romancier Björn Larsson qui aime à mêler fiction et réalité. En passant par quatre ports (Villagarcía de Arousa en Galice, Tréguier en Bretagne, Kinsale dans le sud de l’Irlande, et Marstal au sud du Danemark), Björn Larsson démontre que le goût de l’aventure s’acquiert en mer, mais également à terre. Il décrit la fascination que provoque le ballet des bateaux dans la ville à l’arrivée de leurs cargaisons riches et diverses, et l’attrait qu’exerce le large, inconnu, dangereux, mais support au rêve, car promesse d’évasion. La figure du capitaine voyageur apparaît comme un élément déclencheur dans la vie des habitants qu’abritent ces différentes villes portuaires, invités à envisager l’ailleurs et l’Autre, voire à s’évader eux aussi… Un encouragement à vivre l’aventure humaine que l’auteur, lui-même nomade, espère bien transmettre aux lecteurs à travers son livre.
iGenius
Authors: Venugopal Koppala
Published: February 2025

The emergence of Generation Z (Gen Z) as a cohort characterized by their immersion in technology has prompted significant shifts in educational paradigms, particularly concerning the integration of AI tools. This study aims to investigate the extent and implications of Gen Z's reliance on AI tools within educational contexts. Employing a mixed-methods approach, the research employs convenience sampling to distribute questionnaires to students, acknowledging the critical importance of their availability. Through an examination of various ML and regression methods, the study evaluates how effectively each method identifies relevant features for classification tasks and explains the increase in the dependency of students on AI tools. The findings shed light on the factors driving Gen Z's dependency on AI tools, including curriculum integration, performance enhancement, accessibility, skill development, and dependency factors that pave the way for informed decision-making and strategic planning in educational settings.
A Study on Learning Styles and Teaching Aids
Authors: Kata Anilambica
Published: February 2025

The present paper is not just an outcome of miscellaneous learning styles rather it's a collective experiment that emphasizes understanding “How People Learn the Best” through expeditious, retained, and sustained Learning processes. In the process of determining the meticulous research on various cognitive mechanisms, theories, and strategies that aimed to understand, and enrich the learning attitudes, and abilities of the students. It is identified that learning is not a process of providing the best classroom environment with all the facilities but it is more about understanding the individual personality and moving along. The article attempts ensure better understanding of learning concept for better application for better quality of education
AI-Driven Network Optimization Improving Connectivity and User Experience Through Intelligent Design in Smart Education
Authors: Bairy Vivek
Published: February 2025

In the evolving landscape of smart education, the need for robust and efficient network connectivity is paramount for delivering seamless learning experiences. This chapter explores the integration of AI-driven network optimization techniques aimed at enhancing connectivity and improving user experiences in educational environments. By leveraging intelligent design principles, this work examines how AI algorithms can dynamically manage network resources, predict traffic patterns, and facilitate adaptive learning environments that respond to real-time demands. Key topics include the application of machine learning for network performance monitoring, the role of AI in optimizing bandwidth allocation, and strategies for ensuring reliability and scalability in educational networks. The chapter also discusses case studies illustrating the practical implementation of AI-driven network optimization, showcasing improvements in student engagement, accessibility, and overall educational outcomes.
Adoption of Artificial Intelligence in Education Using UTAUT3 Theory
Authors: Manigandan L. , Kanimozhi V.
Published: February 2025

This study explores the adoption of AI educational tools among higher education students, using the UTAUT3 framework to examine factors that influence user acceptance, engagement, and academic outcomes. The study was conducted as an experimental study, in which participants were divided into treatment and control groups. The treatment group was granted access to an integrated AI educational system comprising intelligent tutoring, personalized learning, and AI-driven writing support. Performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, and facilitating conditions are all influential factors that significantly impact the students' intent to use AI tools. Students belonging to the treatment group showed a significant change in engagement and performance. The results of this study bring to the fore promise of AI in personalizing learning with a strong technological support infrastructure and positive social contexts.
Impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) Tools in Sri Lankan Higher Education
Authors: Perera George , Perera Aminda , Dissanayake Hiranya
Published: February 2025

Higher education institutions throughout the world are challenged by the influx of Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools into education. Hence, the awareness and use of AI tools in education among the educators and students in higher education and their perspectives about AI are crucial and essential. This chapter comprised of a study exploring the awareness, use and perspectives on AI among educators and students in some government and private sectors of higher education. An average number of educators and a vast number of students are aware and use emerging AI tools like ChatGPT or a similar application. Educators are divided on the views that AI tools are well known in the University. Students consider that AI tools are an essential tool for undergraduate students' success. Professional discussion on AI tools in education are suggested for educators in higher education and students' insights are important in planning teaching and learning activities
Enhancing Resilience in Business Continuity Management
Authors: Jain Vishal , Mitra Archan
Published: February 2025

This paper explores strategies to enhance resilience within Business Continuity Management (BCM), addressing the challenges posed by global connectivity, environmental volatility, and socio-economic shifts. BCM is presented as a holistic approach to identifying threats, mitigating risks, and ensuring sustainable operations during disruptions. The study delves into core components such as risk assessment, strategic planning, resilience practices, and training, emphasizing their integration into organizational culture. Through case studies, it highlights successes and failures, offering insights into effective BCM implementation. The findings propose a comprehensive framework adaptable to evolving threats, ensuring operational continuity and fostering long-term resilience for diverse sectors, including finance, healthcare, manufacturing, and education. Recommendations underscore the need for tailored strategies, advanced technologies like AI and blockchain, and continuous adaptation to mitigate future challenges effectively.
Bibliometric Mapping of Organizational Resilience Research
Authors: Khan Nusrat , Khalique Fehmina , Saini Kartikay
Published: February 2025

Organizational resilience refers to a company's ability to predict, get ready for, respond to, and acclimatize to gradual change and volatility in its business environment. This research article is focused on bibliometric mapping of the organizational resilience research. For conducting the same, Scopus database is used to gather the bibliometric data and also used to analyse few of the results. This research has used different bibliometric techniques for analysing the data. VOSViewer program was used for further data analysis visualization. The present bibliometric study involves 224 documents finally selected from 2000 to September 2024.
Adaptive Strategies for Managing Supply Chain Disruptions in Business Continuity
Authors: Iqbal Muhammad Nawaz
Published: February 2025

In today's world fraught with arbitrary manifestations and at times intolerable interruptions such as pandemics, natural catastrophes, and global wars; it is now impossible to manage a business without thinking of building resilient supply chains. This chapter investigates the adaptive behavioral policies that can be established by organizations in order to cope with supply chain threats and maintain efficient operations. It discusses the potential of cutting-edge technologies including AI and predictive analytics to highlight weakness and allow for risk management beforehand. The chapter also investigates the use of management approaches to design a supply chain that is agile enough to respond to global threats. In particular, it discusses how the management of stakeholders and their communication is able to facilitate smooth functioning even during a crisis. This chapter presents an approach for building resilience in SCM through the use of factual and theoretical case studies which enables most if not all organizations to cope with interruptions.
Exploring English Language Learners' Performance on Online, Asynchronous Science-Based Examinations
Authors: Rentas Carol , O'Dwyer Ramapoza , Ganjoo Rohini , Firmani Marcia A. , Cymrot Cliff , Barzani Yousif , Schwartz Lisa S.
Published: February 2025

This study explored the relationships between English language proficiency and performance in online, asynchronous science courses. Each participant completed a Language Background Questionnaire (LBQ) to indicate if English was not their native language, thus categorizing them as an English Language Learner (ELL). The Combined English Language Skills Assessment (CELSA) measured English language proficiency. Of 25 ELLs 13 were interviewed to elicit their perspectives of learning strategies used in an online environment. Quantitative analyses involved t-tests and Pearson's correlation among 91 participants' CELSA scores and final exam results. For non-ELL students, there were weak to moderate, positive correlations for Bacteriology 2: r(57)=.47, p<.00, Clinical Chemistry 1: r(33)=.36, p=.04, and Clinical Chemistry 2: r(33)=.44, p=.01; no other significant correlations were found. This study may inform interventions and strategies that enhance learning and performance in science-based coursework in courses taught in asynchronous, online programs for all students, particularly ELLs.
A Comprehensive Framework for Interactive Remote Chinese Language Teaching
Authors: Zhang Jing
Published: February 2025

This paper introduces a framework for enhancing the quality and effectiveness of remote Chinese language teaching. It leverages interactive features of online platforms, such as live streaming and group discussions, to bridge the gap between traditional and remote teaching methods. The framework includes practical guidelines, a comparative analysis of popular teaching platforms, and emphasizes continuous feedback and improvement. The aim is to provide valuable insights and solutions for educators, ultimately improving the learning experience for students.
Decoding Structural Equation Modeling
Authors: Wah Jack Ng Kok
Published: February 2025

The study utilizes structural equation modeling to examine issues related to normality, missing data, and sampling errors in digital marketing engagement research. The primary focus is on exploring relationships between self-esteem, social comparison, social interactions, perceived social support, and psychological well-being, with perceived social support as a mediating factor. Confirmatory factor analysis is applied to evaluate model fit using data from 400 social media users. Skewness and Kurtosis values are assessed to ensure normality, with scores kept within the acceptable range of -2 to +2. Questionnaires with over 30% missing values are excluded to maintain data quality, and the “10-times rule” is used to ensure adequate sample size and reduce sampling errors. Results confirm a normal distribution and indicate that the model aligns with SEM assumptions, meeting all fit indices. The research offers insights into SEM's application in digital marketing and suggests future studies should investigate advanced modeling techniques for further exploration.
Prevalence, Predictors, and Nonpharmacological Interventions for Preoperative Anxiety in Elective Noncardiac Surgery Patients in Yemen: Path Analysis
Authors: Alqalah Talal Ali Hussein
Published: February 2025

Background:

Preoperative anxiety is a common concern among patients undergoing surgery and can negatively influence surgical outcomes. Despite its significant influence, there is a paucity of studies exploring preoperative anxiety in patients from Yemen.

Objective:

To determine the prevalence, predictors, and role of nonpharmacological interventions in mitigating preoperative anxiety in patients undergoing elective noncardiac surgery.

Materials and Methods:

A cross-sectional survey was administered to 534 patients who underwent noncardiac surgery using a convenience sampling. Data were collected using the Amsterdam Preoperative Anxiety and Information Scale, anxiety-responsible factors, and Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support from November 1 to December 30, 2023.

Results:

The study found that 29.8% of patients experienced preoperative anxiety. Significant predictors included low education, prior surgery history, ASA physical status II, information needs, and anxiety-responsible factors (P < 0.05). Path analysis showed a significant direct effect of social support on reducing preoperative anxiety (β = −0.61), and indirectly through its influence on anxiety-responsible factors (β = −0.78) and unmet information needs (β = −0.95). Conversely, increased anxiety-responsible factors and unmet information needs led to increased preoperative anxiety (β =0.16, β =0.24, respectively).

Conclusion:

This study underscored that preoperative social support and information provision are pivotal in mitigating preoperative anxiety. Therefore, it is imperative for health-care professionals, including nurses, physicians, and anesthetists working in hospitals, to enhance social support and provide comprehensive information related to anesthesia and surgery to patients.
Calidad de vida laboral en trabajadores de un servicio de comidas hospitalario de Montevideo, Uruguay
Authors: Suárez Silvera Claudia
Published: February 2025

Introducción: El propósito de esta investigación fue evaluar la calidad de vida laboral (CVL) percibida por los trabajadores de la unidad de producción de alimentos (UPC) de un hospital público de Montevideo, Uruguay. 
Método: Estudio descriptivo-correlacional en 43 trabajadores de la UPC. La CVL se evaluó con el cuestionario CVP-35, utilizando una escala de Likert de 10 valores. 
Resultados: Los trabajadores mostraron una CVL satisfactoria, con una percepción moderadamente alta de CVL global, apoyo directivo (AD) y motivación intrínseca (MI), y una percepción moderadamente baja de carga de trabajo (CT). El MI fue la dimensión mejor evaluada y la única que correlacionó positivamente con la CVL. Siete de los 35 ítems evaluados fueron valorados negativamente, siendo la dimensión AD la más afectada. El trabajo fue percibido como una actividad significativa y dignificante que se realiza con gran compromiso. La comparación de estos resultados con investigaciones previas mostró que los trabajadores de la UPC experimentaron mayor CVL y MI y menor CT que las enfermeras y médicos que trabajan en otros centros hospitalarios; sin embargo, coincidieron en las características del trabajo que afectaban positiva y negativamente la opinión de la CVL.
Conclusiones: Esta investigación permitió conocer la CVL de las personas trabajadoras de la UPC que fueron entrevistadas e identificar áreas de intervención que el gerente del Departamento de Nutrición y Dietética puede considerar al planear programas de gestión humana que mejoren las condiciones laborales de los colaboradores.
Ideología y política del presidente Donald Trump en las relaciones internacionales
Authors: Soriano González María Luisa
Published: February 2025

El artículo es continuación de otro anterior en torno a tres temas del programa político del expresidente de Estados Unidos, Donald Trump: los musulmanes, los inmigrantes y el cambio climático. En el presente artículo se completa la investigación con otros tres apartados relevantes de la ideología y política de Trump en el ámbito de las relaciones internacionales: Europa, Palestina-Israel y Cuba. Antes se dedica un apartado al difícil encuadramiento de Trump en las teorías políticas. Me inclino por considerar a Trump un ultraconservador nacionalista y populista. Respecto a los tres campos de las relaciones internacionales indicados se sigue la siguiente estructura: a) Hechos, b) Justificación del expresidente Trump y c) Crítica de la autoría del artículo.
Algoritmos, política y el problema de la transformación de la democracia en el siglo XXI
Authors: Santibañez Guerrero Daniel
Published: February 2025

El nuevo modelo de gobernanza basado en algoritmos (algocracia), involucra una modificación sustancial de principios y procedimientos de la de-mocracia representativa moderna. Los atributos de rapidez, probidad, traspa-rencia e imparcialidad esgrimidos por sus partidarios generan, a juicio de sus detractores, una disminución radical del protagonismo ciudadano en los pro-cesos deliberativos de la política, reemplazando la discusión pública de estos asuntos por procedimientos automatizados de análisis estadísticos de datos. frente a estas posiciones de adhesión y rechazo, el fortalecimiento de la razón pública sustentaría una modalidad de algocracia moderada que, junto con res-tituir la relevancia de la participación ciudadana, resulta compatible con una democracia concebida fundamentalmente desde una concepción deliberativa de la misma.
الفاظ و وجوه الترجيح عند الطبرسي في كتابه مجمع البيان (الجزء الأول انموذجا)
Authors: م.م.منى إبراهيم جلود
Published: February 2025

يتناول هذا البحث الموسوم ب(ـالفاظ و وجوه الترجيح عند االطبرسي في كتابه مجمع البيان (الجزء الأول أنموذجا) " إذ تظهر اهمية هذا الموضوع من عدّة وجوه يمكن اجمالها في :
ان تفسير الشيخ الطبرسي من اجل التفاسير بذل فيه مؤلفه جهدا عظيما من اجل خدمة كتاب الله تعالى، وقد استفاد منه طلاب العلم والعلماء من بعده ،كثرة الفوائد و الاستنباطات المودعة في هذا التفسير مما يجدر بكل طالب علم الإطلاع عليها والإفادة منها وبذل الجهد في ذلك، وقد قسمت الباحثة البحث على مقدمة ومبحثين ، وخاتمة ، وقائمة بأسماء المصادر؛ المبحث الأول ، وقد تضمن التعريف بالشيخ الطبرسي حياته ومنهجه في كتابه مجمع البيان ، وتكون من أربعة مطالب ، واما المبحث الثاني ، فقد تضمن منهج الشيخ الطبرسي في الترجيح ، وقد تضمن اربعة مطالب ، اذ قامت الباحثة  بتتبع ترجيحات الشيخ الطبرسي في تفسيره ، وبينت منهجه في الترجيح ،و وجوه الترجيح عنده، والجدير بالذكر انه لم يسبق لاحد من الباحثين ان تتبع ترجيحات الشيخ الطبرسي بصفة مستقلة،  وهي كثيرة ومتنوعة وهو موضوع واسع ذو فائدة علمية كبيرة، وقد يسر الله لي العمل في هذا الموضوع وكان وقد تناولت ترجيحاته في الجزء الاول.
Sustainable Environmental Development and Technological Innovations
Authors: Dr. Seema Kodesia
Published: February 2025

Sustainable development is a development approach that meets the needs of the current generation without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their needs. Sustainable development means the advancement of human well-being and can be extended by generations instead of only a few years. Innovation and community action are two key factors for sustainable development. Sustainability concepts based on the idea of improving resources or energy efficiency due to technological advances tend to overestimate potential savings because they often ignore the behavioral responses caused by technological improvements. Sustainable development is an organizing principle that maintains the finite resources needed to meet the needs of future generations on Earth
Risk and Return Analysis of Tourism Companies: Evidence from National Stock Exchange Index in India
Authors: Dr. Sanjay Joshi  , Ms. Priti Mehta
Published: February 2025

Risk and Return of securities are major concern for every investor whether they invest domestically or internationally. It is said that “Higher the Risk, Higher the Return” and visa-versa. So risk and return will move in tandem and the investors have to expose trade off all the time. The present study examines the risk and return pattern of Tourism companies listed on NSE Index in India. In order to fulfill the objective, the study used simple daily and yearly return formula and standard deviation as risk measurement techniques. Further return comparison has been done by applying ANOVA but data are not found normally distributed so the study applied a non parametric Kruskal Wallis Test. The necessary stock price data for all selected companies have been sourced from NSE website. The study conducted on past data starting from 1st January 2011 to 30th June, 2017. The study concludes that the risk return profile of tourism companies is volatile and showing greater amount of variations in the return as well as in the standard deviation. The research is useful to the investors, economist and tourism companies for further validation and comparison with other allied industries like transport, tours, hotels, travelling etc.
An active shooter in the hospital: A literature survey of simulated training and recommendations for standardized practice and preparedness
Authors: Kelmenson Adam M. , Leithead Charles
Published: February 2025

Importance: This article surveys the literature for in-hospital active shooter training models. While most hospital systems utilize computer-based Code Silver training modules, evidence suggests that employees are not adequately prepared for an actual event.
Objective: Although several government agencies and case reports advocate for in situ active shooter training, no gold standard simulation training method has yet been implemented across health systems. This literature review seeks to reveal and evaluate the existing training methodologies to progress toward a gold standard active training model.
Evidence review: A literature survey across two platforms was conducted with predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The search yielded three articles that conducted and evaluated in situ Code Silver training exercises with analysis of before and after participant performance alongside review of weak points in existing hospital policy.
Findings: Across the three identified articles, data from interviews, surveys, and video recordings suggest that participants readiness for an active shooter event increases with simulated training exercises. Furthermore, training exercises allow improvement of hospital policy based on identified weakness.
Conclusion and relevance: While the existing body of literature on training for an active shooter event in a healthcare setting is sparse, the data reviewed in this article underscores the importance of real-world training to inform review of current policies. Furthermore, active training models prove superior to computer-based modules for preparation for an in-hospital active shooter event. Development of a gold standard proactive training approach holds the potential to substantially fortify staff readiness and response capabilities across the American healthcare system in anticipation of the growing threat of active shooter incidences.
Elementary School Teachers Perceptions of Digital Learning Media Innovations in Implementing the Merdeka Curriculum
Authors: Choirunnisa Heny Amalia , Anjarini Titi , Ngazizah Nur
Published: February 2025

Learning media innovation relates to the process of creating learning media with novelty to provide a new revolution in teaching and learning activities. This process depends on the perception of teachers at the primary school level, which can be defined as a person’s understanding or thought of an object that will be interpreted through the five senses. The purpose of this research is to find out how elementary school teachers perceive learning media innovations with digital games in implementing of  independent curriculum. This research is qualitative in nature and uses descriptive methods with the research subject being teachers in one of the private elementary schools located in Bayan District, Purworejo. The interview technique was used to collect data from teachers to find out their perceptions specifically. The data obtained will be analyzed using the Miles and Huberman technique. The results showed that teachers agreed with the existence of digital games as one possible way to explore learning media innovations to support the implementation of the independent curriculum. Teachers responses to digital games are thought to be able to follow the needs of children who like to play and can minimize the use of digital games that do not contain learning elements so that they are very practical to be integrated in teaching and learning activities. It can be concluded that the perception of teachers who accept the existence of digital games as a learning media innovation is the first step to be implemented in the teaching and learning process both online, hybrida, and face-to-face so that it can keep up the times.
Analisis Kemampuan Representasi Dan Koneksi Matematis Peserta Didik Dalam Menyelesaikan Soal Kubus Dan Balok
Authors: Mataheru Eunike Ester
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis kemampuan representasi dan koneksi matematis peserta didik. Penelitian dilakukan pada peserta didik kelas IX (Sembilan) SMP Kristen Kalam Kudus Ambon. Dari 31 Peserta didik, dipilih 5 peserta didik berdasarkan hasil tes kemampuan representasi dan koneksi matematis sebagai subjek yang diwawancari. Pengumpulan data dilakukan menggunakan instrumen tes kemampuan representasi dan koneksi matematis, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Data dianalisis menggunakan konversi skala lima yang mengacu pada Ratumanan dan Laurens (2015). Dari hasil tes kemampuan representasi dan koneksi matematis dalam menyelesaikan soal kubus dan balok pada materi bangun ruang sisi datar, peserta didik dikelompokan berdasarkan kategori tinggi dan sangat tinggi, sedang, rendah dan sangat rendah. Diambil subjek yang diwawancarai yaitu 2 peserta didik mewakili kategori tinggi dan sangat tinggi, 1 peserta didik mewakili kategori sedang, dan 2 peserta didik mewakili kategori rendah dan sangat rendah. Selanjutnya data hasil tes instrumen kemampuan representasi dan koneksi matematis dianalisis menggunakan analisis kuantitatif dan kualitatif, untuk analisis kuantitatif berupa statistik deskriptif untuk menentukan ukuran dari data yaitu nilai rata-rata (mean) dan statistik inferensial untuk menguji hubungan antara kemampuan representasi dan koneksi matematis, sedangkan untuk analisis kualitatif menggunakan teknik analisis data menurut Miles dan Huberman (Emzir, 2014), yaitu reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Dari penelitian diperoleh persentase skor rata-rata kemampuan represenatsi dan koneksi matematis keseluruhan peserta didik di kelas IX SMP Kristen Kalam Kudus Ambon pada materi bangun ruang sisi datar (kubus dan balok) adalah 44.38 dan 38.32. Selain itu diperoleh juga bahwa kemampuan representasi matematis peserta didik berada pada kategori rendah dan sangat rendah dengan persentase sebesar 61.29% dan kemampuan koneksi matematis peserta didik juga berada pada kategori rendah dan sangat rendah dengan persentase sebesar 77.42% serta terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara kemampuan representasi dan koneksi matematis.
Mendorong Inovasi Pendidikan Melalui Integrasi AI Dalam Pengembangan Pertanyaan HOTS
Authors: Arifuddin Nurul Afifah , Rifka Dwi Amalia  , Radinal Setyadinsa
Published: February 2025

This training program aimed to enhance the skills of Tunas Jakasampurna School teachers in developing High Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) questions through the integration of artificial intelligence (AI). The training, involving 35 participants, utilized AI applications such as ChatGPT and Gemini to facilitate efficient question creation. Evaluation results showed a significant improvement in participants' understanding based on the comparison of pre-test and post-test scores. Participants appreciated the interactive approach that combined theoretical learning with hands-on practice. Recommendations include conducting similar training programs regularly with broader coverage and post-training support to ensure the sustainable application of AI in teaching activities.
Competitiveness of SMEs in the Era of Technological Dynamics: An Analysis of Polish Economy
Authors: KAPLER Monika
Published: February 2025

The innovation activity within the Polish economy highlights a notable disparity between large enterprises and small to medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Research from the Central Statistical Office (GUS) indicates that 36.1% of all companies were engaged in innovative activities between 2020 and 2022, with significant contributions from industrial (26.3%) and service sectors (34.2%). However, micro-enterprises, which comprise a substantial portion of SMEs, were excluded from the analysis, leaving a gap in understanding their innovative capabilities. Additionally, a remarkable increase in broadband internet access among businesses—from 28% in 2004 to 98.7% in 2023—reflects a trend towards digital transformation, essential for maintaining competitiveness in a rapidly evolving market. This digital shift is complemented by growing engagement in social media for customer relations and marketing, although only 3.7% of enterprises adopted artificial intelligence (AI) technologies as of 2023. With rising pressures from market challenges and technological advancements, SMEs must leverage digital tools, including cloud computing and integrated information systems, to enhance operational efficiency and foster innovation. The capacity to adapt and innovate is critical for survival and growth in the contemporary business landscape.
Performance evaluation of Atmotube PRO sensors for air quality measurements in an urban location
Authors: Shittu Aishah I. , Pringle Kirsty J. , Arnold Stephen R. , Pope Richard J. , Graham Ailish M. , Reddington Carly , Rigby Richard , McQuaid James B.
Published: February 2025

Abstract. This study presents a performance evaluation of eight Atmotube PRO sensors using US Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) guidelines. The Atmotube PRO sensors were collocated side by side with a reference-grade Fidas monitor in an outdoor setting for a 14-week period in the city centre of Leeds, UK. We assessed the linearity and bias for PM1, PM2.5, and PM10. The result of the PM2.5 assessment showed the Atmotube PRO sensors had particularly good precision with a coefficient of variation (CoV) of 28 %, 18 %, and 15 % for PM2.5 data averaged every minute, hour, and day, respectively. The inter-sensor variability assessment showed two sensors with low bias and one sensor with a higher bias in comparison with the sensor average. Simple univariate analysis was sufficient to obtain good fitting quality to a Fidas reference-grade monitor (R2>0.7) at hourly averages, although poorer performance was observed using a higher time resolution of 15 min averaged PM2.5 data (R2 of 0.48–0.53). The average error bias, root mean square error (RMSE), and normalized root mean square error (NRMSE) were 3.38 µg m−3 and 0.03 %, respectively. While there were negligible influences of temperature on Atmotube PRO-measured PM2.5 values, substantial positive biases (compared to a reference instrument) occurred at relative humidity (RH) values > 80 %. The Atmotube PRO sensors correlated well with the PurpleAir sensor (R2 of 0.88, RMSE of 2.9 µg m−3). In general, the Atmotube PRO sensors performed well and passed the base-testing metrics as stipulated by recommended guidelines for low-cost PM2.5 sensors. Calibration using the multiple linear regression model was enough to improve the performance of the PM2.5 data of the Atmotube PRO sensors.
Toward a typology of river functioning: a comprehensive study of POM composition at multi-rivers scale
Authors: Ferchiche Florian , Liénart Camilla , Charlier Karine , Deborde Jonathan , Giraud Mélanie , Kerhervé Philippe , Polsenaere Pierre , Savoye Nicolas
Published: February 2025

Abstract. In riverine systems, particulate organic matter (POM) originates from various sources, each having its proper dynamics related to production, decomposition, transport and burial. There is a significant amount of spatiotemporal heterogeneity in the POM pool. The current study, based on C and N elemental and isotopic ratios, applies Bayesian mixing models associated with statistical multivariate analyses to 1) quantify and examine relationships between POM composition and environmental forcings, and 2) draw a typology of river functioning based on POM composition and its seasonal dynamics. Twenty-three rivers of temperate climate accounting for a large diversity of environmental conditions were sampled fortnightly to monthly for one to seven years at the River-Estuary Interface (REI). Phytoplankton and labile terrestrial material were present in all rivers, contrary to sewage and refractory terrestrial material that were present in only a few. At the twenty-three studied rivers scale, POM sources are strongly related to watershed characteristics, phytoplankton being associated with agricultural surfaces and labile terrestrial material to soil organic carbon content and erosion rate. Overall, seasonal variations of phytoplankton, labile and refractory terrestrial material were mainly related to drivers of phytoplankton growth, river flow, and sediment resuspension, respectively. A statistical regionalization defined four river types: (1) systems whose POM is dominated by labile terrestrial material all year long; (2) systems whose POM is composed of labile and refractory terrestrial material, in addition to phytoplankton, with variable seasonality according to rivers; systems whose POM is composed of phytoplankton and labile terrestrial material (3) without and (4) with pronounced seasonality. This work offers a comprehensive understanding of POM composition, dynamics and drivers at the REI in temperate climates, complementing similar work dedicated to coastal systems. Future work dedicated to estuaries is called to get a comprehensive understanding of POM composition, dynamics and drivers along the Land-Ocean Aquatic Continuum. This study examines particulate organic matter (POM) composition and dynamics in 23 temperate rivers. Carbon and nitrogen isotope analysis revealed four river types based on dominant POM sources (phytoplankton, terrestrial material). Watershed characteristics influence POM composition while seasonal variations in river flow and sediment resuspension drive POM dynamics. This study improves the understanding of river systems and calls for further studies exploring downstream estuarine functioning.
Drawing lessons for multi-model ensemble design from emulator experiments: application to future sea level contribution of the Greenland ice sheet
Authors: Rohmer Jeremy , Goelzer Heiko , Edwards Tamsin , Le Cozannet Goneri , Durand Gael
Published: February 2025

Abstract. Multi-model ensembles (MME) are key ingredients for future climate projection and the quantification of its uncertainty. Developing robust protocols to design balanced and complete computer experiments for MME is a matter of active research. In this study, we take advantage of a large-size MME produced for Greenland ice sheet contributions to future sea level by 2100 to define a series of computer experiments that are closely related to practical MME design decisions: what is the added value of including specific set of experiments in the projections, i.e. either adding new models (Regional Climate Model RCM, or Ice Sheet Model ISM) or extending the range of some parameter values. By using these experiments to build a random-forest-based emulator, changes in the emulator’s predictive performance and the emulator-based probabilistic projections provided information on several aspects: (1) the utmost importance of including the SSP5-8.5 scenario, due to the large number of simulations available and the range of global warming they cover; (2) the importance of having diverse ISM and RCM models; (3) the lesser importance of the choice in the range of the Greenland tidewater glacier retreat parameter. We expect these recommendations to be informative for the design of next generations of MME, in particular for the next Ice Sheet Model Intercomparison Project ISMIP7 in preparation.
Leading Dynamical Processes of Global Marine Heatwaves
Authors: Sala Jacopo , Giglio Donata , Capotondi Antonietta , Sukianto Thea , Kuusela Mikael
Published: February 2025

Abstract. Marine heatwaves (MHWs) have emerged as a very active area of research due to the devastating impacts of these events on marine ecosystems across different trophic levels. Yet, a clear understanding of the local drivers of these extreme ocean conditions is still limited at a global scale. Observations of the terms needed to constrain ocean heat budgets are very sparse, ocean reanalysis products are generally non-conservative and inadequate to conduct accurate heat budget analyses, and the fidelity of climate models in simulating MHWs is still unclear. In this study, we make use of Argo floats observations, a satellite-based sea surface temperature product, and the Estimating the Circulation and Climate of the Ocean (ECCO) state estimate to assess MHW characteristics over the global ocean. ECCO is then used to evaluate local MHW drivers. ECCO assimilates observations using the adjoint methodology, which optimizes the system trajectory given the observational constraints in a conservative fashion, making it an ideal product for the estimation of heat budgets. The representation of MHWs in ECCO is overall consistent with observations, although ECCO tends to underestimate MHW frequency and intensity and overestimate duration, relative to the observational products. Atmospheric forcing emerges as the dominant contributor to MHW onset and decline across most regions, while ocean dynamics, including advective and diffusive convergence of heat, play crucial roles in the equatorial regions, specific extra-tropical zones (e.g., western boundary currents such as the Gulf Stream and Kuroshio), and the Southern Ocean. Regional analyses in the Northeast Pacific, Southwest Pacific, and Tasman Sea, show diversity in leading dynamical mechanisms for MHW onset and decline both across regions and across events in the same regions: while air-sea exchanges of heat may contribute most frequently to MHW onset and decline, other mechanisms can also often provide dominant contributions and at times be the main driver. A more complete understanding of MHWs and their drivers is crucial for predicting their initiation, duration, intensity and decline, to ultimately inform the development of mitigation and adaptation strategies for affected communities.
Asset encumbrance in secured funding operations in the Spanish banking sector
Authors: Cáceres Esther , San Vicente Jorge
Published: February 2025

Credit institutions’ access to funding is key to their survival, especially during crises, when market liquidity deteriorates. In such periods, the availability of assets that can be used as collateral could be instrumental in preserving access to finance. This article analyses the Spanish banking sector’s ability to access the secured funding market since late 2014, when the European Banking Authority’s asset encumbrance disclosure framework entered into force. The analysis shows that in Spain, as in all other European countries, asset encumbrance has been declining since 2022. With more unencumbered assets available, banks find it easier to access funding on the financial markets
“I feel like me as a person has been put on pause”: undergraduate student experiences of online learning
Authors: Quy Katie , Fridkin Lisa , Zwiener-Collins Nadine
Published: February 2025

The COVID-19 pandemic transformed the landscape of higher education, compelling institutions worldwide to swiftly adopt remote learning modalities. This study delves into the lived experiences of undergraduate students amidst the unprecedented shift brought on by the pandemic. The aim was to explore undergraduate students’ experiences of remote learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data were collected in two focus groups with nine undergraduate students from a London university recruited as part of a larger, mixed methods study exploring the effects of COVID-19 on undergraduate academic stress, motivation and coping over time. Students described the effect of lockdown and the shift to online learning on academic stress, motivation and student experience. Findings showed that both individual and contextual factors influenced students’ perceived adaptation to online teaching and learning stemming from the closure of higher education institutions. Institutions will want to take note of the importance of (in-person) interaction on campus between students and staff, alongside the role of potentially positive aspects of online teaching when used in addition to face-to-face teaching. These insights may be of particular interest in the context of the wider ongoing transformation of higher education provision.