bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of scheme-cycle designs of absorption water-ammonia thermotransformers with extended degazation zone
Authors: Kosoy Boris , Morozyuk Larisa , Psarov Sergii , Kukoliev Artem
Published: September 2021

The search for new and improvement of existing technical design of energy converter systems for specific consumers requires a reasonable choice of the most rational design for these objects.
Thermotransformers that operate on the reverse and mixed thermodynamic cycles, in combination with power plants utilizing renewable and non-traditional primary energy (fuel), are considered to be of interest for small-scale power generation (trigeneration systems), which is consistent with the concept of distributed energy generation.
Cold in trigeneration systems is provided by heat-using thermotransformers.
This paper reports a method for synthesizing a scheme-cycle designs  of absorption water-ammonia thermotransformers that utilize renewable heat sources with a low-temperature potential of 90–250 °С.
A "cycle method" was applied to perform the thermodynamic analysis of the cycle of simple  absorption thermotransformers with the expansion of the degazation zone with an increase in the temperature of the heating source; the technological schemes for the corresponding cycles have been substantiated.
The influence of changing the degazation zone on the energy efficiency of the machine has been established. A scheme-cycle designs of the thermochemical compressor for a thermotransformer with a return supply of solutions to the generator and absorber at " excess temperatures" has been proposed, as a way to improve the cycle energy efficiency.
A comparative analysis of the degree of thermodynamic perfection of the considered cycles has been performed using a specific example.
The thermodynamic analysis demonstrated that the practical implementation of the scheme-cycle designs "with excess temperatures" could provide energy-saving conditions in small-scale trigeneration systems.
Determining the influence of membrane treatment process on the quality indicators of beer
Authors: Omelchenko Оleksandr , Deynichenko Gregoriy , Guzenko Vasyl , Zolotukhina Inna , Dmytrevskyi Dmytro , Chervonyi Vitalii , Horielkov Dmytro , Melnik Olga , Korolenko Olha , Tsvirkun Liudmyla
Published: September 2021

The issue related to the possibility of applying the filtration process of young beer with the use of experimental microfiltration polymer semi-permeable membrane elements was considered. It was shown that under modern conditions, it is expedient to use membrane processes of young beer filtration in the brewing industry. The process of membrane treatment of beer can be carried out at the stage of pasteurization of young beer in a cold way. Such actions can be directed to preserve the organoleptic parameters of the final product ‒ filtered beer. An experimental setup for the study of the main technological parameters of membrane processing of young beer was presented. The results of experimental studies of the influence of baric and temperature modes on the performance of nuclear microfiltration polymer membranes were shown. Rational parameters of pressure (0.03–0.05 MPa), duration (8–10 s-1), and temperature (3...6 °С) of the process of membrane filtration of young beer using nuclear microfiltration polymer membranes were determined. The qualitative characteristics of filtered beer obtained by membrane methods were explored. The comparative characteristic of the results of the studies of the qualitative component of resulting beer after microfiltration according to the known requirements and standards for organoleptic indicators was presented. It is found that in terms of filtration rate, selectivity, yeast residue, and other characteristics, nuclear microfiltration polymer membranes are promising for the implementation of the process of microfiltration of young beer. These studies proved the feasibility of further research into improving the process of membrane processing of beer and technical equipment of the beer production line with the development of new equipment.
Development of the combined method of identification of near duplicates in electronic scientific works
Authors: Lizunov Petro , Biloshchytskyi Andrii , Kuchansky Alexander , Andrashko Yurii , Biloshchytska Svitlana , Serbin Oleg
Published: September 2021

The methods for identification of near-duplicates in electronic scientific papers, which include the content of the same type, for example, text data, mathematical formulas, numerical data, etc. were described. For text data, the method of locally sensitive hashing with the finding of Hamming distance between the elements of indices of electronic scientific papers was formalized. If Hamming distance exceeds a fixed numerical threshold, a scientific paper contains a near-duplicate. For numerical data, sub-sequences for each scientific work are formed and the proximity between the papers is determined as the Euclidian distance between the vectors consisting of the numbers of these sub-sequences. To compare mathematical formulas, the method for comparing the sample of formulas is used and the names of variables are compared. To identify near-duplicates in graphic information, two directions are separated: finding key points in the image and applying locally sensitive hashing for individual pixels of the image. Since scientific papers often include such objects as schemes and diagrams, subscriptions to them are examined separately using the methods for comparing text information. The combined method for identification of near-duplicates in electronic scientific papers, which combines the methods for identification of near-duplicates of various types of data, was proposed. To implement the combined method for the identification of near-duplicates in electronic scientific papers, an information-analytical system that processes scientific materials depending on the content type was devised. This makes it possible to qualitatively identify near-duplicates and as widely as possible identify possible abuses and plagiarism in electronic scientific papers: scientific articles, dissertations, monographs, conference materials, etc.
Procedure for determining the thermoelastic state of a reinforced concrete bridge beam strengthened with methyl methacrylate
Authors: Kovalchuk Vitalii , Sobolevska Yuliya , Onyshchenko Artur , Fedorenko Olexandr , Tokin Oleksndr , Pavliv Andrii , Kravets Ivan , Lesiv Julia
Published: September 2021

This paper reports the analysis of methods for determining temperature stresses and deformations in bridge structures under the influence of climatic temperature changes in the environment.
A one-dimensional model has been applied to determine the temperature field and thermoelastic state in order to practically estimate the temperature fields and stresses of strengthened beams taking into consideration temperature changes in the environment.
The temperature field distribution has been determined in the vertical direction of a reinforced concrete beam depending on the thickness of the structural reinforcement with methyl methacrylate. It was established that there is a change in the temperature gradient in a contact between the reinforced concrete beam and reinforcement.
The distribution of temperature stresses in the vertical direction of a strengthened reinforced concrete beam has been defined, taking into consideration the thickness of the reinforcement with methyl methacrylate and the value of its elasticity module. It was established that the thickness of the reinforcement does not have a significant impact on increasing stresses while increasing the elasticity module of the structural reinforcement leads to an increase in temperature stresses. The difference in the derived stress values for a beam with methyl methacrylate reinforcement with a thickness of 10 mm and 20 mm, at elasticity module E=15,000 MPa, is up to 3 % at positive and negative temperatures.
It has been found that there is a change in the nature of the distribution of temperature stresses across the height of the beam at the contact surface of the reinforced concrete beam and methyl methacrylate reinforcement. The value of temperature stresses in the beam with methyl methacrylate reinforcement and exposed to the positive and negative ambient temperatures increases by three times.
It was established that the value of temperature stresses is affected by a difference in the temperature of the reinforced concrete beam and reinforcement, as well as the physical and mechanical parameters of the investigated structural materials of the beam and the structural reinforcement with methyl methacrylate
Devising a method for calculating the turboshaft gas turbine engine performance involving a blade-by-blade description of the multi-stage compressor in a two-dimensional setting
Authors: Boyko Ludmila , Datsenko Vadym , Dyomin Aleksandr , Pizhankova Nataliya
Published: September 2021

The design and adjustment of modern gas turbine engines significantly rely on the use of numerical research methods.
This paper reports a method devised for calculating the thermogasdynamic parameters and characteristics of a turboshaft gas turbine engine. The special feature of a given method is a two-dimensional blade-by-blade description of the compressor in the engine system. Underlying the calculation method is a nonlinear mathematical model that makes it possible to describe the established processes occurring in individual nodes and in the engine in general. To build a mathematical model, a modular principle was chosen, involving the construction of a system of interrelated and coordinated models of nodes and their elements.
The approach used in modeling a two-dimensional flow in the compressor makes it possible to estimate by calculation a significant number of parameters that characterize its operation.
With the help of the reported method, it is possible to estimate the effect of changing the geometric parameters of the compressor height on the characteristics of the engine. To take into consideration the influence of variable modes of air intake or overflow in various cross-sections along the compressor tract, to determine the effect of the input radial unevenness on the parameters of the compressor and engine in general.
To verify the method described, the calculation of thermogasdynamic parameters and throttle characteristics of a single-stage turboshaft gas turbine engine with a 12-stage axial compressor was performed. Comparison of the calculation results with experimental data showed satisfactory convergence. Thus, the standard deviation of the calculation results from the experimental data is 0.45 % for the compressor characteristics, 0.4 % for power, and 0.15 % for specific fuel consumption.
Development and improvement of methods for calculating the parameters and characteristics of gas turbine engines make it possible to improve the quality of design and competitiveness of locally-made aircraft engines.
Development in mechanical and fatigue properties of AA6061/AL2O3 nanocomposites under stirring temperature (ST)
Authors: Abed Raad Mohammed , Khenyab Ali Yousuf , Alalkawi Hussain Jasim M.
Published: September 2021

Aluminum is expected to remain the core material for many critical applications such as aircraft and automobiles. This is due to the high resistance to different environmental conditions, desired and manageable mechanical properties, as well as high fatigue resistance. Aluminum nanocomposites such as AA6061/Al2O3 can be made in many ways using a liquid metallurgy method. The main challenges for this method in the production of nanocomposites are the difficulties of achieving a uniform distribution of reinforcing materials and possible chemical reactions between the reinforcing material and the matrix. For structural applications exclusive to aerospace sectors. The growing cost-effective nanocomposites mass production technology with essential operational and geometric flexibility is a big challenge all the time. Each method of preparing AA6061/Al2O3 nanocomposites can provide different mechanical properties. In the present study, nine nanocomposites were prepared at three stirring temperatures (800, 850, and 900 °C) with the level of Al2O3 addition of 0, 5, 7, and 9 wt %. The results of tensile, hardness and fatigue tests revealed that the composite including 9 wt % Al2O3 with 850 °C stirring temperatures has the best properties. It was also revealed that the 850 °C stirring temperature (ST) with 9 wt % Al2O3 composite provide an increase in tensile strength, VHN and reduction in ductility by 20 %, 16 % and 36.8 % respectively, compared to zero-nano. Also, the fatigue life at the 90 MPa stress level increased by 17.4 % in comparison with 9 wt % nanocomposite at 800 °C (ST). Uniform distributions were observed for all nine microstructure compositions.
Comparing features in metallurgical interaction when applying different techniques of arc and plasma surfacing of steel wire on titanium
Authors: Korzhyk Volodymyr , Khaskin Vladyslav , Grynyuk Andrii , Ganushchak Oleg , Peleshenko Sviatoslav , Konoreva Oksana , Demianov Oleksii , Shcheretskiy Volodymyr , Fialko Nataliia
Published: September 2021

This paper reports a study into the regularities of interphase interaction, features in the formation of intermetallic phases (IMPs), and defects when surfacing steel on titanium in four ways: P-MAG, CMT, plasma surfacing by an indirect arc with conductive wire, and PAW. A general tendency has been established in the IMP occurrence when surfacing steel on titanium by all the considered methods. It was determined that the plasma surfacing technique involving an indirect arc with conductive wire is less critical as regards the IMP formation. That makes it possible to obtain an intermetallic layer of the minimum thickness (25...54 μm) in combination with the best quality in the formation of surfaced metal beads. Further minimization of the size of this layer is complicated by a critical decrease in the heat input into the metal, which gives rise to the capability of the surfaced metal to be collected in separate droplets. The formation of TiFe2, TiFe, and the α-Fe phase enriched with titanium in different percentage compositions has been observed in the transition zone of steel surfacing on titanium under different techniques and modes of surfacing. The study has shown the possibility of formation, in addition to the phases of TiFe2 and TiFe, the Ti2Fe phase at low heat input. The technique of plasma surfacing by an indirect arc with conductive wire minimizes the thermal effect on the base metal. When it is used at the border of the transition of the layer of steel surfaced on titanium, the phase composition and structure of the layers in some cases approach the composition and structure of the transition zone of the original bimetallic sheet "titanium-steel" manufactured by rolling. A layer up to 5 μm thick is formed from the β phase with an iron concentration of 44.65 % by weight and an intermetallic layer up to 0.2...0.4 μm thick, close in composition to the TiFe phase. The next step in minimizing the IMP formation might involve the introduction of a barrier layer between titanium and steel.
Identification of the features of structural-phase transformations in the processing of waste from the production of high-alloy steels
Authors: Borysov Viacheslav , Solomko Tetiana , Yamshinskij Mykhail , Lukianenko Ivan , Tsymbal Bohdan , Andreev Andrey , Bratishko Viacheslav , Bilko Tamara , Rebenko Victor , Chorna Tetiana
Published: September 2021

This paper reports a study into the peculiarities of the structural-phase composition of the alloy obtained by using anthropogenic waste from the production of high-alloy steels involving reduction melting. That is necessary for determining the technological parameters that could help decrease the loss of alloying elements in the process of obtaining and using a doped alloy. This study has shown that at an O:C ratio in the charge of 1.84, the alloy consisted mainly of the solid solution of carbon and alloying elements in α-Fe. The manifestation of Fe3C C carbide with alloying elements as substitution atoms was of relatively weak intensity. At the O:C ratios in the charge of 1.42 and 1.17, there was an increase in the intensity of the Fe3C carbide manifestation. At the same time, the emergence of the carbide compounds W2C·Mo2C and WC was identified. Several phases with different content of alloying elements were present in the microstructure images. Cr content in the examined areas changed in the range of 0.64–33.86 % by weight; W content reached 41.58 % by weight; Mo –19.53 % by weight; V – 18.55 % by weight; Co – 3.95 % by weight. The carbon content was in the range of 0.28–2.43 % by weight. Analysis of the study results reveals that the most favorable ratio of O:C in the charge was 1.42. At the same time, the phase composition was dominated by a solid solution of the alloying elements and carbon in α-Fe. The share of the residual carbon concentrated in the carbide component was in the range of 0.52–2.11 % by weight, thereby ensuring the required reduction capability of the alloy when used. The study reported here has made it possible to identify new technological aspects of obtaining an alloy by utilizing anthropogenic waste, and whose indicators provide for the possibility of replacing part of standard ferroalloys when smelting steels without strict restrictions on carbon content.
Devising a toolset for assessing the potential of loan financing of projects aimed at implementing energy-saving technologies
Authors: Lesinskyi Valentyn , Yemelyanov Olexandr , Zarytska Oksana , Symak Anastasiya , Petrushka Tetiana
Published: September 2021

This paper reports modeling the assessment of the potential of loan financing of projects aimed at implementing energy-saving technologies. An array of information to assess the potential of loan financing of these projects was formed. The methods for assessing the existing and prospective potential of loan financing of projects for the implementation of energy-saving technologies were devised. The criteria for the selection of energy-saving projects, which should be financed at the expense of loan funds, were systematized and ordered. The appropriateness of these studies is determined by the need to reduce the volume of energy consumption of non-renewable energy resources in many countries of the world. This causes the need to determine the potential of financial support, in particular the potential of loan financing, the implementation of energy-saving projects, first of all, projects for the implementation of energy-saving technologies at enterprises. The obtained theoretic and methodological results for the sample of enterprises were tested. It was established that the absolute magnitude of the potential of loan financing of projects implementing technologies that ensure reducing natural gas consumption at the studied enterprises is 42 projects and USD 1,805 thousand. As for the relative level of this potential, for the whole totality of enterprises it is: by the number of projects – 0.447; by financing volumes – 0.420. The obtained theoretical and methodological results can be applied by enterprises of all types of economic activity in assessing the magnitude of the potential of loan financing of energy-saving projects. In addition, these results can be used by the authorities in the development of the programs of preferential lending of the projects of implementation of energy-saving technologies
Implementation of packed column for biogas purification as fuel for motorcycle injection systems for performance improvement
Authors: Syamsuri Syamsuri , Mirzayanti Yustia Wulandari , Lillahulhaq Zain , Hidayat Achmad Bagus
Published: September 2021

The use of gasoline for primary energy consumption can reduce crude oil, contained in the earth. The development of alternative fuels such as biogas and biofuel is very critical to overcoming this problem. Biogas requires purification to remove some contaminant particles that interfere with the combustion process. The packed column is generally applied to absorb and separate gas and liquid mixture. It is more efficient due to the liquid flows down the column of steam naturally without the supply of energy from outside the system. This study focuses on determining the effect of the packed column biogas purification process. Biogas is applied as an alternative fuel in spark-ignition engines (SIE). The test is carried out using a chassis dynamometer to obtain power and torque data. The use of the packed column for biogas fuel purification can produce higher performance compared to unrefined biogas. The unrefined biogas still contains impurities that can interfere with the combustion process. This condition is proven by measuring the power and torque of the vehicle on the chassis dynamometer, where the filtered biogas produces higher power and torque.
Tests were carried out both using the packed column and without the packed column. Variations from speed to torque, to power, to SFC and BMEP are considered. In this study, validation is in good agreement with previous studies. Overall, the results show that the average error between using the packed column and without the packed column for torque, power, SFC and BMEP is increased by approximately 7 %. Purification of biogas using the packed column using Ca(OH)2 can bind CO2 and obtain pure methane gas with a higher heating value.
In conclusion, the packed column for biogas purification as fuel for motorcycle injection systems can be applied
Forecasting rational working modes of long-operated gas-transport systems under conditions of their incomplete loading
Authors: Grudz Volodymyr , Grudz Yaroslav , Iakymiv Myroslav , Iakymiv Mykola , Iagoda Pavlo
Published: September 2021

Prolonged operation of the gas-transport system in conditions of partial loading involves frequent changes in the volume of gas transportation, which necessitates prompt forecasting of system operation.
When forecasting the modes of operation of the gas transport system, the main criterion of optimality implies the maximum volume of gas pumping. After all, in this case, the largest profit of the gas-transport company is achieved under the condition of full provision of consumers with energy.
In conditions of incomplete loading of the gas-transport system caused by a shortage of gas supply, optimality criteria change significantly. First, the equipment is operated in ranges far from nominal ones which leads to growth of energy consumption. Secondly, changes in performance cause high-amplitude pressure fluctuations at the outlet of compressor stations.
Based on mathematical modeling of nonstationary processes, amplitude and frequency of pressure fluctuations at the outlet of compressor stations which can cause the pipeline overload have been established. To prevent this, it was proposed to reduce initial pressure relative to the maximum one. Calculated dependence was obtained which connects the amplitude of pressure fluctuations with the characteristics of the gas pipeline and the nonstationary process.
Reduction in energy consumption for transportation is due to the shutdown of individual compressor stations (CS). Mathematical modeling has made it possible to establish regularities of reduction of productivity of the gas-transport system and duration of the nonstationary process depending on the location of the compressor station on the route. With an increase in the number of shutdown compression stations, the degree of productivity decrease and duration of nonstationarity reduces
The established patterns and proposed solutions will improve the reliability of a gas-transport system by preventing pipeline overload and reduce the cost of gas transportation by selecting running numbers of shutdown stations with a known decrease in productivity.
Determination of the effect of exposure conducted in KOH solutions at different temperatures on the properties of electrochromic Ni(OH)2-PVA films
Authors: Kotok Valerii , Kovalenko Vadym , Nafeev Rovil , Verbitskiy Volodymyr , Lominoga Elena , Melnyk Olena , Vlasov Sergey , Plaksiienko Iryna , Kolesnikova Larisa , Kalinichenko Volodymyr
Published: September 2021

To determine the effect of exposure of film composite electrodes based on Ni(OH)2-polyvinyl alcohol to an alkaline solution at high temperatures on the electrochromic and electrochemical characteristics, a series of films was obtained. The films were obtained on a glass substrate coated with fluorine-doped tin oxide. The coating of the substrates was carried out by the cathodic template method under the same conditions. The resulting precipitates were treated by keeping them in an alkali solution at different temperatures: 30, 40, 50, 60, and 70 °C for 8 hours, thereby simulating the operating conditions of an electrochromic device in a hot climate.
It was found that the exposure temperature directly affected the electrochemical and electrochromic properties of the treated films. In this case, the cyclic volt-ampere curves showed a decrease in the peak values of the current densities and a lower rate of establishment of characteristics with an increase in the treatment temperature. At a maximum treatment temperature of 70 °C, the properties of the film significantly changed towards deterioration.
According to the results of the experiments, three temperature ranges of treatment were identified. The first one was in the range up to 40 °C, in which the films showed significant electrochromic and electrochemical activity after treatment. The second interval was between 40 and 60 °C, in which the coatings showed a reversible deterioration in electrochromic and electrochemical activity. After treatment in the second interval, the films gradually restored their performance during electrochemical cycling. The third interval was from 70 °C and above. The films treated in this temperature range irreversibly lost their electrochemical and electrochromic activity.
The study also proposed mechanisms to explain changes in the characteristics of electrodes during treatment, as well as possible ways to combat temperature degradation.
Devising a new filtration method and proof of self-similarity of electromyograms
Authors: Chuiko Gennady , Dvornik Olga , Darnapuk Yevhen , Baganov Yevgen
Published: September 2021

The main attention is paid to the analysis of electromyogram (EMG) signals using Poincaré plots (PP). It was established that the shapes of the plots are related to the diagnoses of patients. To study the fractal dimensionality of the PP, the method of counting the coverage figures was used. The PP filtration was carried out with the help of Haar wavelets. The self-similarity of Poincaré plots for the studied electromyograms was established, and the law of scaling was used in a fairly wide range of coverage figures. Thus, the entire Poincaré plot is statistically similar to its own parts. The fractal dimensionalities of the PP of the studied electromyograms belong to the range from 1.36 to 1.48. This, as well as the values of indicators of Hurst exponent of Poincaré plots for electromyograms that exceed the critical value of 0.5, indicate the relative stability of sequences.
The algorithm of the filtration method proposed in this research involves only two simple stages:

Conversion of the input data matrix for the PP using the Jacobi rotation.
Decimation of both columns of the resulting matrix (the so-called "lazy wavelet-transformation", or double downsampling).

The algorithm is simple to program and requires less machine time than existing filters for the PP.
Filtered Poincaré plots have several advantages over unfiltered ones. They do not contain extra points, allow direct visualization of short-term and long-term variability of a signal. In addition, filtered PPs retain both the shape of their prototypes and their fractal dimensionality and variability descriptors. The detected features of electromyograms of healthy patients with characteristic low-frequency signal fluctuations can be used to make clinical decisions.
Forecasting the effectiveness of the enterprise to intensify innovation and investment development, taking into account the financial component of economic potential
Authors: Bradul Alexander , Varava Larysa , Turylo Anatolii , Dashko Iryna , Varava Andrii
Published: September 2021

The study is devoted to the problem of analysis and forecasting of the effectiveness of the results of enterprises to ensure production and economic reserves to intensify innovation and investment development in the context of monitoring the state of their economic potential. It is the basis for the formation of endogenous and exogenous capabilities of the enterprise, aimed at achieving targeted results in each area of its activities. Creating favorable conditions for economic growth of enterprises based on the intensification of innovation and investment development requires the effective implementation of production programs using the financial component of economic potential.
Based on the analysis of methodological tools for evaluating the activities of a mining and processing enterprise, formed a comprehensive methodology for quantitative and qualitative assessment of actual and projected values of performance indicators of the enterprise. It is based on determining the statistical probability of achieving a positive level of the indicator, the probability of its falling into a given interval of deviation from the recommended allowable values and an integrated assessment of the financial component of economic potential.
Approbation of the developed technique is carried out within the limits of the express analysis of effective indicators of efficiency of activity of mining and processing enterprises. The results showed that with high reliability of the forecast (more than 0.85), the recommended values of the level of margin to achieve the desired efficiency are in the range of 8÷10 %. Within a sufficient level of reliability of the forecast (not less than 0.75), the recommended values of this margin are 10÷24 %. In this case, the integrated indicator of the assessment of the financial component should be more than 0.3
Study of pressurised metered dose inhalers for the purpose of standardization of quality attributes characterizing uniformity of dosing
Authors: Bezuglaya Elena , Lyapunov Nikolay , Bovtenko Vladimir , Zinchenko Igor , Stolper Yurij
Published: September 2021

Aim. The purpose was to provide the rationale of test in regard to uniformity of fine particles dose for pressurised metered dose inhalers (pMDIs).
Materials and methods. The pMDIs containing suspensions of salbutamol sulfate (SS) or solutions of beclometasone dipropionate (BD) were studied by laser diffraction and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The particle size distribution of SS, the average dose mass and uniformity of dose mass, the average delivered dose and the uniformity of delivered dose, the average fine particles dose and uniformity of fine particles dose were determined. Apparatus A was used for assessment of fine particles dose.
Results. The two analytical procedures for the quantitative determination of SS and BD by HPLC were validated in the ranges with low concentrations of these substances. The 5 medicinal products in pMDI dosage form were studied: 3 preparations were with SS and 2 ones contained BD. It was shown that three products with SS were very similar in regard to particle size distribution in containers and the average values of delivered dose were almost the same, but these products were different in the average dose mass and fine particle dose. According to the research results, the expediency of determining the average dose mass and the tests concerning uniformity of dosing of preparations by dose mass and by fine particle dose was substantiated. It was shown that in the case of pMDI the dosing of solutions of BD was more uniform compared to suspensions of SS. The approaches of leading and other pharmacopoeias concerning uniformity of dosing for pMDIs were critically discussed. The expediency of determination of uniformity of fine particle dose at the stage of pharmaceutical development was substantiated, as the therapeutic effect depends on fine particle dose. Issues concerning standardization pMDIs in regard to uniformity of fine particle dose were discussed.
Conclusions. The expediency of standardization and quality control of pMDIs in regard to such attributes as the average dose mass, which characterizes the volume of the metering chamber of the valve as well as the uniformity of the dose mass and the uniformity of fine particle dose, which assure the therapeutic effect of each dose of the product was substantiated
Improvement of the methodology of justification of design decisions for creating an image video
Authors: Potrashkova Lyudmyla
Published: September 2021

The object of research is the process of substantiating design decisions for creating an image video at the pre-production stage. An insufficiently thought-out image video can cause a negative effect that is destructive for the image of the advertised subject. Therefore, every decision made when creating an image video at the pre-production stage must be substantiated on the basis of a multidimensional analysis.

In this study, the content of the traditional stages of the pre-production stage has been improved by taking into account the specifics of the image video, as well as by using the questionnaire method:

  the image of the advertised entity is considered as a system consisting of a set of specific qualitative characteristics of the relevant person or organization;

  the main characteristics of the video being developed are determined by the results of a survey of the target audience.

The result of the study was an improved methodology for substantiating design decisions for creating an image video, which features:

1) justification of the list of components of the customer's image that need to be advertised;

2) application of the questionnaire method to determine the main characteristics of the video being developed, such as: type of video, graphic style, color scheme, duration, prevailing ways of presenting information.

The proposed methodology is concretized to substantiate decisions in the process of creating an image video of an educational program with a dual form of training. The components of the image of the educational program that need to be advertised in the video are determined based on the results of a survey of applicants and students. Expert assessment was carried out using the ranking method. When processing the results of the questionnaire, a difference was revealed in the judgments of different groups of respondents, which became the basis for setting the task of advertising several components of the image of the educational program.

The use of the proposed methodology allows making more informed decisions regarding the content and form of an image video, which will contribute to the establishment of effective relationships between the advertised subject and its stakeholders.
Development of conceptual provisions for investment support of balanced socio-economic development of the region
Authors: Stepanets Ivan , Shafiieva Leila
Published: September 2021

The object of research is the organizational-economic and organizational-managerial relations that arise in the process of managing investment processes in the region. One of the most problematic places is insufficiently disclosed issues on the theoretical and methodological platform for investment support of balanced socio-economic development of the region.
The paper is based on theoretical and methodological provisions concerning the development of a promising regional strategy for investment development, taking into account the world scientific experience and effective management practice, and the study of the problems of investment development of the regional economy. The study used the method of monographic analysis and comparison to develop a conceptual and categorical apparatus of «regional strategy». Methods of scientific analysis, synthesis and analogies were used to study the development of a promising regional strategy for investment development. And the historical-logical method was used to determine the strategy as a method of setting long-term goals of the organization, its program of actions and priority areas for the allocation of resources.
The research result was a content analysis of the content of the definition of «strategy» and «investment strategy». The investment strategy is interpreted as a general direction (program, plan) of investment activities in the region, the passage of which in the long run should lead to the achievement of investment goals and the expected economic effect. An important aspect in the organization of the investment process in the region is determined by the organizational and economic mechanism that regulates the behavior of agents engaged in investment activities. Conceptual provisions of investment support of balanced social and economic development of the region are formed. The author's vision of the investment strategy of the region allows to supplement and clarify its substantive aspects from the standpoint of considering this category as a long-term, high-quality process of providing the region with investment resources in order to achieve sustainable balanced development.
The research results may be interesting in the further development and addition of theoretical provisions, methods and procedures that contribute to the study of areas and means of investment for balanced socio-economic development of the region.
Development of innovative technology for sauce with lecithin
Authors: Kolesnichenko Svetlana , Salavelis Alla , Pavlovsky Sergey , Poplavska Svitlana
Published: September 2021

Consumers of catering establishments especially value their health and therefore give preference to dishes that correspond to modern concepts of healthy eating. In this regard, the development of such dishes is an important task. Thus, the object of the study was an emulsion sauce made using the spherification technique. Agar-agar was used as a material for encapsulating the sauce. The recipe composition of the sauce contains irreplaceable nutritional components: plant phospholipids (soy lecithin), monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids of olive oil and camelina oil, natural food fibers of agar-agar. Each recipe component of the developed emulsion sauce contains physiologically active substances with a high efficiency of health-improving effect. Synergy The combination of the positive effects of these prescription components makes it possible to create a therapeutic and prophylactic product. One of the most problematic areas is the formation of a lecithin-oil-water composition with a lamellar structure. Such a structure as a multilayer «container» helps to preserve the biologically active substances that make up the sauce from destruction and to better assimilate them by the human body. Due to the choice of a certain number of recipe components and their sequential combination under certain conditions (temperature 45 °C, mixing), it is possible to obtain a lamellar structure.
In the course of the study, recipe components were selected that correspond to healthy food products, recipes and technologies for the preparation of an emulsion sauce with a lamellar structure were developed. And also provided with the help of spherification an attractive appearance and determined the organoleptic, microbiological indicators and shelf life of the product. To confirm the presence of the lamellar structure of the sauce, carry out optical studies and presented a micrograph in polarizing light.
The research carried out makes it possible to expand the range of sauces with an extended shelf life (three days) for the restaurant industry.
Development of biocarbon sorbent from corn waste with increased destructive activity in relation to oil
Authors: Khokhlov Andriy , Khokhlova Lyudmila
Published: September 2021

The object of research is the created bioactive sorbent based on biochar from corn waste for the purification of oil-contaminated natural environments. The expediency of using biochar from corn cobs as a matrix – a carrier of microorganisms-destructors of petroleum hydrocarbons in the production of biosorbent – has been substantiated. Biochar meets the requirements for oil sorbents – environmental friendliness, oil resistance (6–8 g of oil per 1 g of sorbent), manufacturability and biocompatibility. The porous structure and chemical nature of the surface partly determines the absorbency of the material, but the dominant factor is the interaction of the hydrophobic surface with petroleum hydrocarbons. A universal oil oxidizer – a microbial complex isolated from oil-polluted natural objects, in combination with a carbon carrier, is capable of neutralizing oil pollution of various types and concentrations. It has been established that microorganisms – oil-destructors, immobilized on the surface of the sorbent, are capable of decomposing almost all oil hydrocarbons. Microorganisms immobilized on a carbon material have a great potential for destructive action. During immobilization, the viability of microbial cells is maintained, and the effect of their use is significantly increased. The use of a bioactive carbon sorbent based on biochar and immobilized natural oil-oxidizing microorganisms of a wide spectrum of action allows one to localize oil pollution and neutralize it through biodegradation. The optimal parameters for obtaining an oleophilic sorption matrix based on biochar from corn waste and for growing microbial biomass with a high destructive activity for oil hydrocarbons have been established. The optimum pyrolysis temperature is 300–350 °С, the pyrolysis time is 25–30 minutes. In this case, the sorption of oil obtained biochar reaches maximum values (6–8 g oil/gsorbent). Sufficient number of immobilized microorganisms – oil destructors 120–200·104 cells for active decomposition of oil localized on the sorbent surface. The operational characteristics of the obtained bioactive sorbents, technological features and methods of their use in cleaning the environment from oil pollution have been studied. The biosorbent does not require removal from the places of use and disposal. Cleaning of soils contaminated with oil and oil products has specific features and requires the use of agricultural techniques (loosening, moistening). The studies carried out have shown a change in the concentration of oil pollution in the soil from 40 % to 1–5 % of oil in the process of biodegradation after 3 months at positive temperatures.
Development of an innovative methodology of research of systems on an example of a shadow economy as an invariant of system of economic security of state
Authors: Yegorova-Gudkova Tatiana , Bojko Maksim , Neustroiev Yurii , Khostash Oleg , Pan Li , Shepitko Hryhorii , Beloborodko Vitalij , Zvirkov Oleg , Kirilina Maryna , Matjukhina Irina
Published: September 2021

The object of research is the shadow economy as structural component (invariant) of economic security of state on example of Ukraine. The level of shadowing of Ukrainian economy requires improvement of both: the system of indicators and mechanism of influence on the level of shadowing on the basis of using of fundamental constants of mathematics of harmony and principle of structural harmony of systems.
Under research, fundamental provisions and methods of the theory of safety studies, economic theory, theories of systems and structural harmony of systems, institutionalism, transdisciplinary nature were used. The theme of management of the system of economic security of the state is investigated from various scientific positions of classical science. At the same time, practically ignores the theory of synergetic, which is the synthesis of transdisciplinary approach, price approach, classical theory of systems, structural harmony of systems, theory of fractals and attractors and other components of theory of complexity.
Obviously, any system has metric characteristics inherent. The most widespread math constant found in nature is the Phidias number (Golden section). Meаsure is the most important component of all and any knowledge, without it any description of processes and phenomena will be incorrect. The law of measures, or the law of proportional distribution with its derivatives can be defined as law of projecting and organizing sustainable systems at all levels of hierarchical management. The structure of the system is the most conservative characteristic of it as opposed to the state of the system. The properties of the system as a whole are determined not only the properties of its individual elements, but also the properties of the structure of the system as whole. They depend on the existence of the system. The existence of the system retains these parameters in the process of adapting the system to external conditions and thus maintains the existence of the system itself.
Matching the metric quality system of economic security of the state and obtaining a conclusion on its stability and abilities to self-organization under the conditions of shadowing of the economy can be carried out by comparison. It is carried out using attractors representing a recurrent number of gold sections: 0.500 ...; 0.618 ...; 0.682 ...; 0.725, as well as – distractors: 0.5698 ...; 0.6540 ...; 0.7053. An integral indicator characterizing the state of any system is the relative information entropy by Shannon. Entropy testing of the system (calculation of relative information entropy) is a logical component of the innovative model of system research.
Discoursive Practice as a Space for Forming the Values of the Media Community (on the Example of Comments on the Network Media Content in Instagram)
Authors:   Samara National Research University named after Academician S. P. Korolev, Labutina V. V.  , Topchii I. V.  ,   Chelyabinsk State University
Published: September 2021

The article is devoted to the analysis of the discursive construction of the picture of the world in the axiological aspect using the example of comments from the community of subscribers “Novaya Gazeta” in the Instagram service. The object of the research is the ways of transmitting value information in the named discursive practice.
Interviews: from the Classic Genre to Modern Formats (Using the Example of the Programs “Wdud” and “How to talk?”)
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Amirov V. M. , Mamedova S. Y. ,   Ural Federal University
Published: September 2021

The article on a significant theoretical basis and an example of the programs “Widow” and “How to Talk?” presents some aspects of the transformation of the genre of “classical” interviews into modern formats. It is proved that the genre is experiencing significant transformations and gaining new features, among which are analyticity, portraiture, journalism. The main strategies reflected in the activity of popular interviewers — Yuri Dud and Irina Shikhman are considered. Among these strategies, the choice of relevant and socially significant topics, provocativeness and intimization, promoting the hero’s self-presentation, independence in assessments, a high level of emotionality and a “biographical” approach, non-linearity of the composition and others are highlighted.
The Poetics of A. P. Chehov’s Literary Criticism
Authors:   Surgut State Pedagogical University, Usanova I. A.
Published: September 2021

The article deals with the features of the poetics presented in the literary P. Chehov’s literary criticism. The aspects of the author’s literary criticism such as genre originality, the composition and the structure of texts, the correlation of the logical and the artistic components, the specificity of the literary of the critical strategy of the interpretation of the literary text, the traits of individual author’s style are considered. The analytical observations are accompanied by the rich illustrative material. The author of the article concludes that study of the traits of poetics of A. P. Chehov’s literary criticism allows to enrich our understanding of the writer’s worldview, his literary and social beliefs, individual author’s understanding of the world.