bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Simple and Accurate Explicit Form of the Green-Ampt Infiltration Model
Authors: Sadeghi Sayed Hossein , Loescher Hank , Jacoby Pete W. , Sullivan Pamela L.
Published: September 2022

Note: Please see pdf for full abstract with equations.
Finding a direct solution to the widely used Green-Ampt (G-A) one dimensional infiltration model has been subject of efforts for more than half a century. We derived an accurate explicit formula that appears be so far the simplest proposed model in the literature. Our approach builds upon simulating the Valiantzas’s G-A infiltration model by a second order polynomial. The proposed equation is F = Kt (0.70635 + 0.32415 √1+9.43456(S2/K2t)), with F, K, S and t being cumulative infiltration, saturated hydraulic conductivity, sorptivity and time, respectively. Relative errors (ɛ) by the application of this equation generally do not exceed ±0.3% in most practical infiltration problems faced in water resources engineering. It was both numerically and mathematically shown that absolute errors > 0.3% could only occur if Kt/F > 0.904, a criteria that could practically be the case for light textured soils like sand and loamy sand if they are exposed to long infiltration times, i.e., 6 hr and 19 hr in our examples, respectively. A simple linear adjustment model is proposed as Fadj ≅ 0.9796F + 0.335 S2/K to account for these uncommon real-World conditions. The linear adjustment assures that ɛ remains within the ± 0.3% range even under imaginary infiltration timings. Due to its simplicity and accuracy, the proposed equation here should find application among hydrologists, natural resource scientists and engineers who desire to easily derive accurate estimations of the Green-Ampt infiltration model.
PAPR reduction and low power-consumption LDO in OFDM transceiver
Authors: Liu Bing , WU HONG
Published: September 2022

Phase noise performance is critical for millimeter-wave communication system with OFDM modulation. This paper analyzes the causes of phase noise by multi-carrier modulation and hardware issues, and the selectable parameters in clipping algorithm is determined to maintain an accectable PAPR performance. The acquired parameters and PAPR results is applied in an adjustable LDO circuit to maintain a low current consumption. The simulation result indicates that the algorithm and the circuit may help to get a better performance.
The FASHION Visual Search using Deep Learning Approach
Authors: Bhoir Smita , Patil Sunita
Published: September 2022

In recent years, the World Wide Web (WWW) has established itself as a popular source of information. Using an effective approach to investigate the vast amount of information available on the internet is essential if we are to make the most of the resources available. Visual data cannot be indexed using text-based indexing algorithms because it is significantly larger and more complex than text. Content-Based Image Retrieval, as a result, has gained widespread attention among the scientific community (CBIR). Input into a CBIR system that is dependent on visible features of the user's input image at a low level is difficult for the user to formulate, especially when the system is reliant on visible features at a low level because it is difficult for the user to formulate. In addition, the system does not produce adequate results. To improve task performance, the CBIR system heavily relies on research into effective feature representations and appropriate similarity measures, both of which are currently being conducted. In particular, the semantic chasm that exists between low-level pixels in images and high-level semantics as interpreted by humans has been identified as the root cause of the issue. There are two potentially difficult issues that the e-commerce industry is currently dealing with, and the study at hand addresses them. First, handling manual labeling of products as well as second uploading product photographs to the platform for sale are two issues that merchants must contend with. Consequently, it does not appear in the search results as a result of misclassifications. Moreover, customers who don't know the exact keywords but only have a general idea of what they want to buy may encounter a bottleneck when placing their orders. By allowing buyers to click on a picture of an object and search for related products without having to type anything in, an image-based search algorithm has the potential to unlock the full potential of e-commerce and allow it to reach its full potential. Inspired by the current success of deep learning methods for computer vision applications, we set out to test a cutting-edge deep learning method known as the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) for investigating feature representations and similarity measures. We were motivated to do so by the current success of deep learning methods for computer vision applications (CV). According to the experimental results presented in this study, a deep machine learning approach can be used to address these issues effectively. In this study, a proposed Deep Fashion Convolution Neural Network (DFCNN) model that takes advantage of transfer learning features is used to classify fashion products and predict their performance. The experimental results for image-based search reveal improved performance for the performance parameters that were evaluated.
Medical Cyberspace Subliminal Affective Collective Consciousness: Machine Learning Discriminates Back Pain vs Hip/Knee Osteoarthritis Web Pages Emotional Fingerprints
Authors: Caldo Davide , Bologna Silvia , Conte Luana , Amin Muhammad Saad , Anselma Luca , Basile Valerio , Murad Hossain , Mazzei Alessandro , Heritier Paolo , Ferracini Riccardo , Kon Elizaveta , De Nunzio Giorgio
Published: September 2022

Background - Dynamic interplay between the patients and digital information subliminal affective content may play a peculiar role in emergence of musculoskeletal degenerative chronic pain in modern society, within the combined theoretical frames of somatic marker theory and complex adaptive system theory, and cyberspace algorithm mechanism. This field of research lacks systematic investigation so far.
Goal - Digital information affective content pertaining back pain was confronted with the one related to hip/knee osteoarthritis
Methods - Top English internet pages related to the topics of interest were automatically selected by relevance/popularity, downloaded, then submitted to sentiment analysis; Machine Learning algorithms classified the output. Statistical association and predictivity were determined.
Results - ML showed high discrimination accuracy predicting the page topic from the emotional fingerprint. The emotion Disgust emerged as a singular discriminating factor in the case study
Discussion - The potential effects of disgust presence in different chronic degenerative conditions on internet texts is discussed. The potential role for a “Digital Affective Collective Consciousness” system is also discussed, and its potential contribution to psychosocial pathogenesis, maintenance and treatment outcome when biopsychosocial diseases are concerned, with implication for ethics and digital healthcare information policy
Influence of birth weight on surgical outcomes in infants with necrotizing enterocolitis.
Authors: Zahradníková Petra , Babala Jozef , Fedorová Lenka , Pechanová Rebeka , Nedomová Barbora
Published: September 2022

Background: NEC is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity in extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants. The primary aim of the study was to evaluate the risk factors for surgical NEC in ELBW infants, and the second goal was to find out post-operative complications, with specific emphasis on stoma related complications.
Methods: A retrospective analysis of surgically treated NEC during the 20-year period from 2001-2020 in a single-center was performed. Postoperative complications were classified according to the Clavien-Dindo Classification (CDC). Patients were divided into 2 groups according to birth weight: ELBW (birth weight ≤ 1000 g) and VLBW (very low birth weight ≤ 1500 g).
Results: A total of 97 patients meet the pre-determined eligibility criteria and were included in the study. The proportion of male infants in the ELBW was significantly higher than in VLBW group, (odd ratio [OR] = 5.54 [95% CI, 1.68-14.38]; p = 0.003). Lower Apgar score (AS) in the 1 minute in the ELBW group was significantly associated with the NEC progression (p ˂ 0.001). Stoma creation was more often used in the ELBW than in VLBW group (OR = 4.571 [95% CI, 1.186-16.11]; p =0.023). A total of 49 (72%) infants had postsurgical complication, which was significant greater in the ELBW 44/50 (88%) than the VLBW group 5/18 (27.78%) (OR = 19.07 [95% CI, 4.669-77.09]; p˂ 0.0001). In total, 22 out of 40 ELBW infants with enterostomy (55%) had at least one stoma complication. The overall rate of mortality (CDC: V) was 25/68 patients (36.7%). There was nonsignificant difference between the 2 groups regarding the mortality rate (p = 0.406).
Conclusions: Our results showed that the risk factors associated with the surgical NEC in ELBW infants include low birth weight, low gestational age, male gender, and low AS in 1 minute. ELBW infants had a higher complication rate and most of them required reoperation. The type of stoma configuration had no impact on the complication rate. Mortality rate was not affected by the birthweight.
The Prevalence of Chiropractic-specific Terminology on South African Chiropractors’ Websites: a Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Ismail Fatima , Pretorius Michael , Peterson Cynthia , Yelverton Christopher James
Published: September 2022

Background: Effective communication is imperative for successful interprofessional collaborative interactions that augment both patient centred, and evidence based care. Inquiry into the prevalence of chiropractic-specific terminology on South African chiropractor’s websites has not been explored to date. The implications of such analysis could indicate the professions’ ability to effectively communicate in interdisciplinary settings.
Method: A Google search was utilised to access South African chiropractor practice websites. Websites were then word-searched for eight chiropractic terms and the context with which these terms were used were screened: subluxation, manipulate (-ion), adjust (-ing/-ment), holism (-tic), alignment, vital (-ism/-istic), wellness, and innate intelligence. The data collected was transferred to an Excel spreadsheet, that was verified by the researchers. The number of instances these terms were used, and certain socio-demographic data were recorded both nationally and provincially where descriptive and correlational statistics were applied using cross-tabulations and multi-dimensional chi-squared tests.
Results: Based on an estimate of 884 chiropractors practising in South Africa, 336 websites were appraised. A total of 67.2% of South African chiropractor websites used chiropractic-specific terminology more than once. Nation-wide prevalence of each chiropractic-specific term was: 1106 occurrences for adjust(-ing/-ment), 611 for manipulate(-ion), 324 for wellness, 231 for subluxation, 220 for alignment, 139 for holism(-tic), 2 for innate intelligence and 1 for vital(-ism/-istic), Western Cape having the highest prevalence. Manipulate(-ion) was used more by male than female chiropractors (p=0.032). The longer a chiropractor was in practice the more likely they were to use profession-specific terms like adjust(-ing/-ment) (p=0.027) or alignment (p=0.001). Correlations exist between adjust(-ing/-ment) (p=0.000), alignment (p=0.000), manipulate(-ion) (p=0.025) and wellness (p=0.001) to the term subluxation. The words wellness (p=0.000) and manipulate(-ion) (p=0.011) also showed a correlation to the term holism.
Conclusion: South African chiropractors on average use at least one chiropractic-specific term on their websites, and the more years of practice one has, the more likely they were to use chiropractic-specific terminology. The male sex showed a preference for the term manipulate(-ion). Adjustment (-ing/-ment) was the most commonly used term, a term that generally lacks medical acceptance. The use of certain combinations of chiropractic-specific terms showed statistically significant correlational trends.
Identification of F1 hybrid progenies in mango based on Fluorescent SSR markers
Authors: Li Xing , Zheng Bin , Xu Wentian , Ma Xiaowei , Wang Songbiao , Qian Minjie , Wu Hongxia
Published: September 2022

Background
Artificial cross breeding (hand pollination) is an important method for breeding new mango cultivars. It is easy to produce false hybrids during hybridization, which makes it difficult to distinguish the authenticity of hybrid offspring. Therefore, it is necessary to identify the authenticity of hybrids.
Results
Mango ‘Jinhuang’ and ‘Renong No.1’ and 65 individual plants of their F1 hybrids were used as experimental materials, eight SSR primer pairs with polymorphism in parents were used to identify the F1 hybrids by capillary electrophoresis. The results showed that a total of 62 true hybrids were identified from 65 hybrid progenies, and the true hybrid rate was 95.38%. According to the segregation type of co-dominant SSR markers in F1 generation, the segregation ratio of different alleles at the same locus of eight markers was performed by x2 test. Results showed that eight SSR loci were consistent with Mendel’s segregation law. The results of cluster analysis showed that the parents and 62 true hybrids could be classified into two categories at 0.58: the first category contained 27 offspring, clustered with ‘Jinhuang’ and showed a maternal genetic tendency. The second category contained 35 offspring, clustered with ‘Renong No.1’ and showed a partial paternal genetic tendency. DNA fingerprint of hybrids from ‘Jinhuang’ × ‘Renong No.1’ cross were constructed using eight SSR primers for variety protection.
Conclusion
We used eight SSR fluorescent markers to test the authenticity of hybrids derived from crossing combinations of ‘Jinhuang’ and ‘Renong No.1’. A total of 62 true hybrids were identified from 65 hybrid progenies, which would lay a foundation for the follow-up mango cross breeding and molecular marker assisted breeding. In addition, the development of hybrid fingerprints could facilitate variety protection.
Robson classification of caesarean births: implications for reducing caesarean section rate in a private tertiary hospital in Nigeria
Authors: Akadri Adebayo Adekunle , Imaralu John Osaigbovo , Salami Omotayo Felicia , Nwankpa Chimaobi Chukwuemeka , Adepoju Akinmade Adekunle
Published: September 2022

Background: Caesarean section (CS) is a potentially lifesaving obstetric procedure. However, there are concerns about the rising CS rate in many countries of the world including Nigeria. The Ten-Group Robson classification system is presently recommended as an effective monitoring tool for comparing CS rates and identifying target groups for intervention aimed at reducing the rates. The aim of this study was to evaluate the cesarean section rate and the groups with the highest risk of CS at the Obstetric unit of Babcock University Teaching Hospital (BUTH), using the Robson classification system.
Methods:A cross-sectional study involving 447 women who had their deliveries at the obstetric unit of BUTH between August 2020 and February 2022. Relevant information was retrieved from the delivery records of the study participants. Data were analyzed using the IBM-SPSS Statistics for Windows version 23.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA).
Results: The overall caesarean section rate was 51.2%. Robson groups 2, 3, 5, and 10 had the largest contribution to CS rate accounting for 34.5%, 14.0%, 12.6%, and 10.0% of overall rate respectively. Maternal age greater than 30 years (AOR 2.1, CI 1.3-3.2; P=0.001) and non-cephalic presentation (AOR 19.7, CI 2.5-151.8; P= 0.004) increased the likelihood of caesarean delivery. However, gestational age between 37-40 weeks was associated with a 60% reduction in likelihood of caesarean births when compared with gestational age below 37 weeks (AOR 0.4, CI 0.2-0.8; P=0.008).
Conclusions: The caesarean section rate in BUTH is high and Robson groups 2, 3, 5, and 10 are the major contributors to this high rate. Interventions targeted at these groups will assist in reducing caesarean section rates in BUTH. The Robson classification system is useful in providing a benchmark for future comparison of caesarean section rates within and across different obstetric units and regions in Nigeria.
Unintended Consequences of Communicating Rapid COVID-19 Vaccine Policy Changes– A qualitative study of health policy communication in Ontario, Canada
Authors: Vernon-Wilson Elizabeth , Tetui Moses , Nanyonjo Agnes , Adil Maisha , Bala Arthi , Nelson David , Sayers Emma , Waite Nancy , Grindrod Kelly
Published: September 2022

Background: The success of the COVID-19 vaccination roll-out depended on clear policy communication and guidance to promote and facilitate vaccine uptake. The rapidly evolving pandemic circumstances led to many vaccine policy amendments. The impact of changing policy on effective vaccine communication and its influence in terms of societal response to vaccine promotion are underexplored; this qualitative research addresses that gap within the extant literature.
Methods: Policy communicators and community leaders from urban and rural Ontario participated in semi-structured interviews (N=29) to explore their experiences of COVID-19 vaccine policy communication. Thematic analysis was used to produce representative themes.
Results: Analysis showed rapidly changing policy was a barrier to smooth communication and COVID-19 vaccine roll-out. Continual amendments had unintended consequences, stimulating confusion, disrupting community outreach efforts and interrupting vaccine implementation. Policy changes were most disruptive to logistical planning and community engagement work, including community outreach, communicating eligibility criteria, and providing translated vaccine information to diverse communities.
Conclusions: Vaccine policy changes that allow for prioritized access can have the unintended consequence of limiting communities’ access to information that supports decision making. Rapidly evolving circumstances require a balance between adjusting policy and maintaining simple, consistent public health messages that can readily be translated into action. Information access is a factor in health inequality that needs addressing alongside access to vaccines.
Factors Significantly Impacting Consumer Acceptance of Entertainment, Domestic, and Housekeeping Smart Home IoT Devices
Authors: Chopra Shalini , Siyabi Nasar Al , Gulliver Stephen R. , Kyritsis Markos
Published: September 2022

Smart Home devices are IoT (Internet of Things) enabled devices used to enhance wellbeing within the home environment. Around 63% of IoT devices are Smart Home devices. Although IoT devices have been available for a while, recent studies show that acceptance of Smart Home devices is limited to innovators and early adopters. Interestingly it has been observed that some categories of Smart Home devices are more popular suggesting that there is variance in acceptance of IoT devices. This research investigates the differences in consumer acceptance of various Smart Home device categories. Smart Home devices were categorised into three categories: 1) Technology and Entertainment; 2) domestic appliances; 3) housekeeping devices. The research focuses on the investigation of the reasons and factors influencing behaviour intention and use behaviour for each of the defined Smart Home device categories. An adapted version of the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT2) model was used to study technology acceptance. The PLS-SEM technique, facilitated by SmartPLS 3.0 software, was used to perform the analysis. Our study confirms that behavioural intention to adopt and use Smart Home devices, and the factors driving adoption, varies between Smart Home IoT categories. Accordingly, it is vital to consider device type distinctively when considering Smart Home IoT adoption and usage.
General Practice wide adaptations to support patients affected by DVA during the COVID-19 pandemic: a rapid qualitative study
Authors: Dixon Sharon , De Simoni Anna , Szilassy Eszter , Emsley Elizabeth , Wileman Vari , Feder Gene , Downes Lucy , Barbosa Estela Capelas , Panovska-Griffiths Jasmina , Griffiths Chris , Dowrick Anna
Published: September 2022

Background
Reporting of domestic violence and abuse (DVA) increased globally during the pandemic. General Practice has a central role in identifying and supporting those affected by DVA. Pandemic associated changes in UK primary care included remote initial contacts with primary care and predominantly remote consulting. This paper explores general practice’s adaptation to DVA care during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods
Remote semi-structured interviews were conducted by telephone with staff from six practices across six localities in England and Wales where the Identification and Referral to Improve Safety (IRIS) primary care DVA programme is commissioned. We conducted interviews between April 2021 and February 2022 with three practice managers, three reception and administrative staff, eight general practice clinicians and seven specialist DVA staff. Patient and public involvement and engagement (PPI&E) advisers with lived experience of DVA guided the project. Together we developed recommendations for primary care teams based on our findings.
Results
We present our findings within four themes, representing primary care adaptatations in delivering DVA care.
1. Making general practice accessible for DVA care
Staff adapted telephone triaging processes for appointments and promoted availability DVA support online.
2. General practice team-working to identify DVA
Practices developed new approaches of collaboration, including whole team adaptations to information processing and communication
3. Adapting to remote consultations about DVA
Teams were required to adapt to challenges including concerns about safety, privacy, and developing trust remotely.
4. Experiences of onward referrals for specialist DVA support
Support from specialist services was effective and largely unchanged during the pandemic
Conclusions
Disruption caused by pandemic restrictions revealed how team dynamics and interactions before, during and after clinical consultations contribute to identifying and supporting patients experiencing DVA. Remote assessment complicates access to and delivery of DVA care. This has implications for all primary and secondary care settings, within the NHS and internationally, which are vital to consider in both practice and policy.
ProfhEX: AI-based platform for small molecules liability profiling
Authors: Lunghini Filippo , Fava Anna , Pisapia Vincenzo , Sacco Francesco , Iaconis Daniela , Beccari Andrea Rosario
Published: September 2022

Drugs off-target interactions are one of the main reasons of candidate failure in the drug discovery process. Anticipating potential drug’s adverse effects in the early stages is necessary to minimize health risks on patients, animal testing, and economical costs. With the constantly increasing size of virtual screening libraries AI-driven methods can be exploited as first-tier screening tools proving liability estimation for drug candidates.
We present ProfhEX, an AI-driven suite of 46 OECD-compliant machine learning models able to profile small molecules on 7 relevant liability groups, namely: cardiovascular, central nervous system, gastrointestional, endocrine disruption, renal, pumlonary and immune response toxicities.
Experimental affinity data was collected from public and commercial data sources. The entire chemical space comprised 289’202 activity data for a total of 210’116 unique compounds, spanning over 46 targets with dataset sizes ranging from 819 to 18896. Gradient boosting and random forest algorithms were initially employed and ensembled for the selection of a champion model. Models were validated according to the OECD principles, including robust internal (cross validation, bootstrap, y-scrambling) and external validation.
Champion models achieved an average Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.84 (SD of 0.05), a R2determination coefficient of 0.68 (SD = 0.1) and a root mean squared error of 0.69 (SD of 0.08). All liability groups showed good hit-detection power with an average enrichment factor at 5 % of 13.1 (SD of 4.5) and AUC of 0.92 (SD of 0.05).
ProfhEX would be a useful tool for large-scale liability profiling of small molecules. This suite will be further expanded with the inclusion of new targets and by complementary modelling approaches, including structure-based and pharmacophore-based models. The platform is freely accessible at the following address: https://profhex.exscalate.eu/.
Application of Next-Generation Sequencing on Diagnosis of Bloodstream Infection Caused by Mycoplasma hominis in a Patient With ANCA-Associated Vasculitis
Authors: Chen Yili , Chen Hengxin , Huang Hao , Zhong Yinyin , Lin Xiaoshu , Chen Peisong , Liao Kang , Liu Min , Hong Mengzhi , Wang Ruizhi
Published: September 2022

Background: Mycoplasma hominis is one of the main opportunistic pathogenic Mycoplasma in human which has a major impact on patients with bloodstream infections. Because it is difficult to detect or isolate, the rapid and accurate diagnosis is essential and still challenging for patients with bloodstream infection.
Case presentation: In this case, we reported the application of next -generation sequencing on diagnosis of bloodstream infection caused by Mycoplasma hominis in a patient with ANCA-associated vasculitis. After 9 days of combined treatment with levofloxacin, polymyxin B, and meropenem, the patient’s infected situation was gradually controlled and he was discharged without further complications. During the three-month outpatient follow-up, no recurrence of symptoms or signs was reported.
Conclusions: This successful application of the next generation sequencing assisted the rapid diagnosis of Mycoplasma hominis bloodstream infection, provided a new perspective in the clinical approach and highlighted the potential of this technique in rapid etiological diagnosis.
The effects of intranasal implantation of mesenchymal stem cells on nitric monoxide levels in the hippocampus, control of cognitive functions and motor activity in a model of cerebral ischemia in rats
Authors: Yafarova Guzel , Tоkalchik Yulia , Filipovich Tatiana , Andrianov Viacheslav , Bazan Lyeo , Bogodvid Tatiana , Chihab Abdulla , Zamaro Aleksandra , Kulchitsky Vladimir , Gainutdinov Khalil
Published: September 2022

Hypoxia occurs in situations of disbalancebetween metabolic needs and the supply of oxygen to organs and tissues of the body. In this regard, tissue hypoxia and ischemia are essential components of the pathogenesis of many diseases. One of the promising areas of research into the mechanisms of ischemia is attempting to weaken the negative effect of hypoxia and ischemia in the brain by using a variety of techniques that activate neuroprotective mechanisms. Here, we aimed to assess the dynamics of restoration of motor activity control in an experimental model of ischemic stroke in rats (cerebral ischemia – CI) after intranasal perineural implantation of mesenchymal stem cells into the receptive field of the olfactory nerve. It was found that the perineural administration of MSCs to rats in the acute period of cerebral ischemia was accompanied by clear signs of recovery of cognitive and motor functions within 1 and 3 days after the operation. On the seventh day after ischemia modeling, rats with the introduction of MSCs had no distinctive features in the control of motor activity compared to the period before the operation in the same rats. In the hippocampus of rats after modeling ischemia, a significant decrease in the content of NO by about 50% relative to the initial level is observed after one day. In the hippocampus of rats in which ischemia was modelled with simultaneous intranasal administration of MSC, a significant decrease in NO content by 39% relative to the initial level was also observed after one day. The content of NO increases slightly, but the difference in the level of NO relative to ischemic rats was not significant. The copper content in the hippocampus in the rats of these two groups did not change. There was a tendency to increase the efficiency of the antioxidant system 1 day after ischemia in both studied groups, and this effect was more pronounced with intranasal administration of MSC.
An Agent-based Approach to Continuously Detect and Update Road Network Changes Using GPS Trajectories
Authors: Mohammadi Reza , Taleai Mohammad , Farnaghi Mahdi
Published: September 2022

Up-to-date road maps are critical in both intelligent transportation and urban management systems. The long cycle of road map generation and updating, and on the other hand, the high rate of expanding public transport, causes the road maps generally be behind the latest actual conditions. The previous studies in road map updating are generally static, applied to the whole study area instead of considering merely the changed road segments, and cannot dynamically respond to the rapid changes in the road networks. This study proposes an agent-based system that dynamically explores newly collected trajectory data and updates road geometry and road type labels. A heuristic change detection algorithm is exploited to detect road network changes (newly added or blocked roads). A road geometry extraction algorithm was developed to digitize newly added roads from the trajectories automatically. Road type labels were predicted using the Random Forest algorithm based on Spatiotemporal properties (speed, acceleration, and standard deviation) of the trajectory data. Finally, the road network map was updated using the newly generated geometry and road type label. GeoLife dataset and OpenStreetMap road network were used to evaluate the proposed approach. Besides, a sensitivity analysis was performed to test the robustness of the results of the road extraction algorithm under various parameter settings. The performances of the road-type prediction algorithms were evaluated using Accuracy, Kappa, Recall, and Precision. Experiments demonstrated the feasibility of the proposed approach for detecting additive road changes and dynamically updating road geometries and types without human intervention.
Coixendide Efficacy in Combination with Temozolomide in Glioblastoma and Transcriptome Analysis of the Mechnism
Authors: Zhao Zhenran , Zhang Lei , Zhang Xiaohan , Yue Yong , Liu Shenchen , Li Yanan , Ban Xiang , Jin Peng , Zhao Cuizhu
Published: September 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the role of Coixendide (Coix) combine with Temozolomide (TMZ) in the treatment of Glioblastoma(GBM) and explore its possible mechanism.
Methods: CCK-8 was used to determine the inhibitory rate of Coix group, TMZ group and drug combination group on GBM cells, and the combination index (CI) was calculated to determine whether they had synergistic effect. Then RNA was extracted from each group, transcriptome sequencing was performed, and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. The possible mechanism was analyzed by GO enrichment analysis and KEGG enrichment analysis.
Results:The CI of Coix and TMZ indicating a synergistic effect when TMZ concentration is 0.1mg/ml and Coix concentration is 2mg/ml. Transcriptome sequencing analysis showed that interferon (IFN) related genes were down-regulated by Coix and up-regulated by TMZ and combined drugs, however, the up-regulation induced by combined drugs was less than that of TMZ. Besides IFN related genes, cholesterol metabolism pathway were also been regulated.
Conclusion: Coix and TMZ have synergistic effects in the treatment of GBM at certain doses. RNA-Seq results suggested that the abnormal on genetic materials caused by DNA damage induced by TMZ treatment can be sensed by IFN related genes and activates antiviral IFN signaling, causing the activation of repairing mechanism and drug resistance. Coix inhibits IFN related genes, thereby inhibits drug resistance of TMZ. In addition, the activation of ferroptosis and the regulation of DEGs in cholesterol metabolism pathway were also contributed to the synergistic effects of Coix and TMZ.
Early 7,8-Dihydroxyflavone administration ameliorates synaptic and behavioral deficits in the young FXS animal model by acting on BDNF-TrkB pathway
Authors: Chen Yu-shan , Zhang Si-ming , Zhu Qiong , Yue Chao-xiong , Xiang Peng , Li Jin-quan , Wei Zhen , Zeng Yan
Published: September 2022

Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is the leading inherited form of intellectual disability and the most common known cause of autism spectrum disorders. FXS patients exhibit severe syndromic features and behavioral alterations, including anxiety, hyperactivity, impulsivity, and aggression, in addition to cognitive impairment and seizures. At present, there are no effective treatments or cures for FXS. Previously, we have found the divergence of BDNF-TrkB signaling trajectories is associated with spine defects in early postnatal developmental stages of Fmr1 KO mice. Here, young fragile X mice were intraperitoneal injection of 7,8-Dihydroxyflavone (7,8-DHF), which is a high affinity tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB) agonist. 7,8-DHF ameliorated morphological abnormities in dendritic spine and synaptic structure, and rescued synaptic and hippocampus-dependent cognitive dysfunction in young FXS mice. These observed improvement of 7,8-DHF involved decreased protein levels of BDNF, p-TrkBY816, p-PLCγ, and p-CaMKII in the hippocampus. In addition, 7,8-DHF intervention in primary hippocampal neurons increased p-TrkBY816 through activating the PLCγ1-CaMKII signaling pathway leading to improvement of neuronal morphology. This study is the first to account for early life synaptic impairments, neuronal morphological and cognitive delays in FXS in response to the abnormal BDNF-TrkB pathway. Present studies provide novel evidences about the effective early intervention in FXS mice at developmental stages as a strategy to produce powerful impacts on neural development, synaptic plasticity and behaviors.
Economic Freedom and Debt: An Empirical Investigation of the Institutional Determinants of Public Debt.
Authors: Magnini Gino , Vojnovic Jovan
Published: September 2022

This paper investigates the role of the institutional framework in the accumulation of
central government debt. We employ the Economic Freedom Index (EFI) as a proxy for
institutional framework and study the causal link between institutions that promote economic
freedom and the creation of public debt. The results presented in this paper are the
evidence of a direct causal link between institutions and debt ratios. They suggest that
not only the institutional and structural framework of economies matter in public debt
accumulation, but also show that countries with higher institutional scores are less likely
to accumulate high levels of public debt. In particular, a 10-point increase in the economic
freedom score, on average, reduces a country’s debt stock by 7 percentage points. Government
size plays a major role in debt reduction, but it does so in different ways across
corresponding samples. Developing countries can more effectively reduce debt through
a cutback on the tax burden, whereas developed countries are more likely to do so with
policy oriented in reducing government spending. We also find evidence on the importance
of legal institutions in developed countries, especially in the forms of enforcement
of property rights and judicial corruption, in determining levels of government debt.
Molecular characterization of a novel victorivirus isolated from the phytopathogenic fungus Phaeobotryon rhois
Authors: Zhao Ying , Du Hongyan , Liu yuanyuan , Zhong Rongrong , Guan Zhengzhe , Wang Ganlin , Zhang Yuanyuan , Wei Chenxing , Wang Mengjiao , Wan Xinru , Zang Rui , Wen Caiyi , Meng Haoguang
Published: September 2022

Phaeobotryon rhois is an important pathogenic fungus that causes dieback and canker disease of woody hosts. Here, a novel mycovirus, tentatively named Phaeobotryon rhois victorivirus 1 (PrVV1), was identified from P.rhois strain sx8-4. The PrVV1 has a double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) genome of 5,224 nucleotides long and it contains two open reading frames (ORF1 and ORF2), which overlap at a AUGA sequence. ORF1 encodes a polypeptide of 786 amino acids (aa) with a conserved a coat protein (CP) domain, while ORF2, encodes a large polypeptide of 826 aa with a conserved RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) domain. Our analysis of the genomic structure, homology searches, and phylogeny indicated that PrVV1 is a novel member of the genus Victorivirus in the family Totiviridae. This is the first study to report the complete genome sequence of a victorivirus that infects P.rhois.
Risk assessment of hazard factors on drowning incidents in Turkey
Authors: Alkan Sabri , Karadurmuş Uğur
Published: September 2022

Drowning, mainly originating from natural factors, is a significant source of hazards worldwide. In this study, the effects and risk assessment of natural and other hazard factors on unintentional drowning cases (UDI) between 2010 and 2020 in Turkey were investigated for the first time. An average of 935 UDIs recorded each year during the study period. 66.1% of UDIs resulted in a fatality, corresponding to a fatality rate of 0.79 per 100,000 population. The highest UDIs rate, with an average of 30.13 per 100,000 population, was recorded in Bartın province, located on the south coast of the Black Sea. The analysis and previous studies show that rip current is a lead cause of natural hazard in drowning incidents on the south coast of the Black Sea. Another significant natural factor in drowning incidents is temporal distribution by months and seasons. The study identified warm seasons as a risk-increasing factor because the number of UDIs was at record levels. According to the number of incidents, almost 80% of victims suffer from drowning during swimming and recreating activities in the surf zone and natural or artificial coastal structures. The study revealed that different natural factors of the incident location, such as meteorological, oceanographic, and surf zone characteristics of beaches, significantly affect the cause of drowning.
Laboratory-based efficacy evaluation of Bacillus thuringiensis subspecies israelensis and temephos larvicides against larvae of Anopheles stephensi in Ethiopia
Authors: Teshome Abebe , Erko Berhanu , Golassa Lemu , Yohannes Gedeon , Irish Seth R. , Zohdy Sarah , Dugassa Sisay
Published: September 2022

Background: Malaria, transmitted by the bite of infected female Anopheles mosquitoes, remains a global public health problem. The presence of an invasive Anopheles stephensi, capable of transmitting Plasmodium vivax and P. falciparum parasites was first reported in Ethiopia in 2016. The ecology of An. stephensi is different from that of An. arabiensis, the primary Ethiopian malaria vector, and this suggests that alternative control strategies may be necessary. Larviciding may be an effective alternative strategy, but there is limited information on the susceptibility of Ethiopian An. stephensi to common larvicides. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of temephos and Bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis (Bti) larvicides against larvae of invasive An. stephensi.
Methods: The diagnostic doses of two larvicides, temephos (0.25ml/l) and Bti (0.05mg/l) were tested in the laboratory against the immature stages (late third to early fourth stages larvae) of An. stephensi collected from the field and reared in a bio-secure insectary. Larvae were collected from two sites (Haro Adi and Awash Subuh Kilo). For each site, three hundred larvae were tested against each insecticide (as well as an untreated control), in batches of 25. The data from all replicates were pooled and descriptive statistics prepared.
Results: The mortality of larvae exposed to temephos was 100% for both sites. Mortality to Bti was 99.7% at Awash and100% at Haro Adi site.
Conclusions: Larvae of An. stephensiare susceptible to temephos and Btilarvicides suggesting that larviciding with these insecticides as vector control program may be effective against An. stephensi in these localities.
Assessment of the inferior vena cava collapsibility from subcostal and trans-hepatic imaging using both M-mode or artificial intelligence: a prospective study on healthy volunteers.
Authors: Sanfilippo Filippo , Via Luigi La , Dezio Veronica , Santonocito Cristina , Amelio Paolo , Genoese Giulio , Astuto Marinella , Noto Alberto
Published: September 2022

Background
Assessment of the inferior vena cava (IVC) respiratory variation may be clinically useful but imaging from subcostal (SC, sagittal) region is not always feasible. It is unclear if coronal trans-hepatic (TH) IVC imaging provides interchangeable results as compared to SC imaging. In this context, the use of artificial intelligence (AI) with software for automated border detection may be clinically helpful but needs validation.
Methods
We conducted a prospective observational study in healthy volunteers assessing the IVC collapsibility (IVCc) in both SC and TH imaging; IVCc measures were taken in M-mode and with the AI method. We calculated the mean bias and the limits of agreement (LoA), as well as the intra-class correlation (ICC) coefficient with 95% confidence intervals.
Results
Sixty volunteers were included; IVC was not visualized in five of them (n = 2, both for SC and TH windows, 3.3%; n = 3 IVC not seen in TH approach, 5%). Compared with standard M-mode, the AI assessment showed good accuracy both for SC (IVCc: bias − 0.7%, LoA [-24.9;23.6]) and TH approach (IVCc: bias 3.7%, LoA [-14.9;22.3]); moreover, the ICC coefficients showed moderate reliability: 0.57 [0.36;0.73] in SC, and 0.72 [0.55;0.83] in TH. Comparing results obtained at different anatomical sites (SC vs TH), the results produced by M-mode assessment were not interchangeable (IVCc: bias 13.9%, LoA [-18.1;45.8]). When this evaluation was performed with the AI software, such difference became smaller: IVCc bias 7.7%, LoA [-19.2;34.6]. The correlation between SC and TH assessments was poor for M-mode (ICC = 0.08 [-0.18;0.34]), whilst moderate for AI (ICC = 0.69 [0.52;0.81]).
Conclusions
The AI software shows good accuracy when compared with the traditional M-mode IVCc assessment conducted at the same anatomical site (both at SC or TH level). There are clinically relevant differences when comparing results obtained at different sites (SC vs TH). Although AI may reduce differences between sagittal and coronal IVCc measurements, the results from different sites do not seem clinically interchangeable.
Long-term benefit of immunotherapy in a patient with mismatch repair deficient/microsatellite instability-high/high tumor mutational burden lung cancer: case report and literature review
Authors: Li Na , Wan Zixuan , Lu Dongyan , Chen Ruilian , Ye Xiaowei
Published: September 2022

Genetic mutations that cause defective mismatch repair, may result in microsatellite instability, which is common in colorectal carcinoma and gastric cancers as well as Lynch syndrome. Mismatch repair deficiency/microsatellite instability-high(dMMR/MSI-H) predicts the tumor response to immune checkpoint inhibitors. However, few studies have evaluated the effects of immune checkpoint inhibitors on dMMR/MSI-H non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We report here a squamous lung cancer patient with dMMR/MSI-H and high tumor mutational burden(TMB-H) who obtained the long-term benefit from immunotherapy. We consider that NSCLC patient with dMMR/MSI-H can benefit from immune checkpoint inhibitors.
Gain Flatness of Amplifier in C-Band using EDFA and RFA for WDM System
Authors: Hassan Abdallah Mohamed , El-Mashade Mohamed B.
Published: September 2022

The gain flatness of amplifier is very important parameter in optical network systems when wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) device used in the transmission of many channels in the system. This paper seeking toward minimum gain flatness of the amplifier. In this paper several methods are used to obtain the optimum value of gain variation and get the maximum gain uniformity between sixteen channels in C band. We optimize the length and pump power of EDFA, and used a lot of stages of EDFA and used hybrid amplifier with EDFA and Raman fiber amplifier (RFA) and optimize the number of pump wavelengths of the RFA. The gains are flattened within 37.65 ± 0.0445 dB from 1546nm to 1552nm with noise figure (NF) within 3.56 dB, Q-factor of 9.97 and BER of 9.3×10− 24 at hybrid 980-EDFA-RFA. A comparison between the several configurations is made.
Classical conditioning of paired-pulse TMS induced intracortical facilitation – a proof of concept
Authors: Ewers Stefan P. , Dreier Timo M. , Al-Bas Siham , Schwenkreis Peter , Pleger Burkhard
Published: September 2022

Background
In this proof-of-concept study, we questioned whether the transient influence of TMS on cortical excitability can be applied to classical conditioning.
Objective
More specifically, we investigated whether the faciliatory influence of paired-pulse TMS on the excitability of the human motor cortex can be transferred to a simultaneously presented auditory stimulus through conditioning.
Methods
During the conditioning phase, 75 healthy young participants received 170 faciliatory paired TMS pulses (1st pulse at 95% resting motor threshold (MT), 2nd at 130% MT, interstimulus interval 12ms), always presented simultaneously with one out of two acoustic stimuli. In the test phase, 20 min later, we pseudorandomly applied 100 single TMS pulses (at 130% MT), 50 paired with the conditioned tone − 50 paired with a control tone.
Results
Comparing the amplitude of the motor evoked potential (MEP) paired with the conditioned tone to the control tone, we found significantly enhanced MEP amplitudes, suggesting successful conditioning (p = 0.03, 55% responder rate). Correlation analyses revealed that the MEP amplitude after paired-pulse stimulation in the conditioning phase related to the MEP single-pulse amplitude combined with the conditioned tone in the test phase (r = 0.603, p < 0.001), and the overall effect of conditioning (i.e., amplitude conditioned tone/control tone; r=-0.213, p = 0.068), suggesting that the higher the amplitudes during conditioning, the higher also the amplitudes during the following test phase and the weaker the effect of conditioning. We next compared single-pulse amplitudes paired with the conditioned tone vs. control tone only in those participants with a paired-pulse amplitude < 2mV in the conditioning phase. Responder rate in this group increased from 55–61% (n = 38, p = 0.01), and even further to 79% (n = 14, p = 0.005) if we considered only those participants with a median paired-pulse amplitude < 1mV, suggesting increasingly stronger conditioning effects for smaller MEP amplitudes after paired-pulse stimulation during conditioning.
Conclusion
Present findings extend the scope of classical conditioning to paired-pulse TMS induced intracortical facilitation.
Relationship Between Social Withdrawal (Hikikomori), Personality, and Coping in an Adult Population
Authors: Bonnaire Céline , Roignot Zoé
Published: September 2022

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships between personality dimensions, coping strategies, and Hikikomori while controlling for the presence of depression and anxiety. Two groups were compared: the control group (n= 101 participants, mean age ± SD = 36.2 ± 12.8 years) was recruited from several general Facebook groups, and the Hikikomori group (n = 28, mean age ± SD = 30.1 ± 9.1 years) from a private group dedicated to Hikikomori. Participants of both groups completed the Big Five Inventory, the Brief Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Univariate regression analysis revealed that depression, anxiety, neuroticism (and the anxiety facet), self-blame, and behavioral disengagement were significant predictors of Hikikomori. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the psychological functioning of Hikikomori as well as to treatment elaboration.