bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
الإفصاح عن الاستثمار في الموارد البشرية في التقارير المالية للوحدات الاقتصادية العراقية
Authors: الغبان ثائر صبري , ياسين سناء احمد
Published: December 2018

المستخلص :ـ

تغيرت نظرة الوحدة الاقتصادية إلى الموارد البشرية من النظرة التقليدية المستندة إلى كون هذه الموارد عامل من عوامل الإنتاج اللازمة لانجاز الأنشطة المؤدية إلى إنتاج المنتجات مقابل تعويض مادي يتجسد في صورة أجور، والتحول إلى النظرة المعاصرة التي تعد الموارد البشرية أهم وأثمن استثمارات الوحدة والمصدر الحقيقي لاستمرارها ونموها وتحقيق الميزة التنافسية لها. ومن هذا المنطلق، فقد تناول البحث الحالي دراسة موضوع الإفصاح عن معلومات الاستثمار في الموارد البشرية في التقارير المالية للوحدات الاقتصادية العراقية، إذ انتهى البحث بوضع أنموذجاً مقترحاً للكشوفات التحليلية الملحقة داخل التقارير المالية للإفصاح عن معلومات الاستثمار في الموارد البشرية، ليصبح بالإمكان إيجاد معالجة لمشكلة البحث المتمثلة بافتقار التقارير المالية المعدّة من قبل الوحدات الاقتصادية العراقية إلى الإفصاح المحاسبي عن معلومات الاستثمار في الموارد البشرية. الأمر الذي جعل هذه التقارير توحي بأن الموارد المتاحة للوحدة الاقتصادية هي موارد مادية فقط، متجاهلة بذلك أهمية الموارد البشرية ودورها في استغلال الموارد المادية بأفضل صورة لتحقيق الميزة التنافسية للوحدات.
التعلم ألمنظمي وأثره في نجاح المنظمات دراسة ميدانية في شركات وزارة الأعمار والإسكان في العراق
Authors: الكبيسي صلاح الدين عواد , دهام عبد الستار ابراهيم
Published: December 2018

المستخلص :

شهد العالم قفزات نوعية في ظل تحولات جذريةمتسارعة لأساليب العمل والإدارة   من خلال تبني وتفعيل التعلم المنظمي بوصفه عملية تحسين وتغيير مستمرة استجابة للمثيرات البيئية. وفي عصر المعرفة والاضطراب البيئي والمنافسة الشديدة تحوّل مفهوم النجاح المنظمي من النظرة الضيقة للأداء المالي والحصة السوقية والكفاءة قصيرة الأمد إلى النظرة الشاملة التي ترتكز على امتلاك القدرات الستراتيجية لتحقيق الميزة التنافسية المستدامة. وتأسيسا على ما تقدم ونظرا للدور الستراتيجي المفترض أن تؤديه شركات وزارة الاعمار والإسكان في العراق، تم اختيار هذه الشركات ميدانا لاختبار مشكلة البحث المتمثلة بتساؤلات عن مستوى التعلم المنظمي والنجاح في هذه الشركات والأثر بينهما. ويهدف البحث إلى تحديد مستوى التعلم المنظمي والنجاح في الشركات المبحوثة وتوضيح وتفسير طبيعة التأثير بينهما إجمالا وعلى مستوى الأبعاد.وتم جمع البيانات بواسطة إلاستبانة تضمنت إجابات(66) مديرا وباستعمال الأساليب الإحصائية، مثل المتوسط الحسابي ونماذج الانحدار البسيط ولقد برهنت النتائج أن لدى الشركات مستوى مقبول من التعلم المنظمي والنجاح ويؤثر التعلم المنظمي معنويا في نجاحها
تحليل العوامل المؤثرة في اداء سوق الاوراق المالية(مصر حالة دراسية)
Authors: ال طعمة حيدر حسين , السامرائي يسرى
Published: December 2018

تشكل سوق الاوراق المالية ركناً اساسياً من اركان هيكل النظام التمويلي في النظم الاقتصادية المعاصرة، لما تقوم به هذه الاسواق من دور مهم في حشد المدخرات المحلية وتوجيهها في قنوات استثمارية تعمل على دعم الاقتصاد القومي وتزيد من معدلات الرفاهية الاقتصادية لافراده، فضلاً عن كونها مرأة للوضع الاقتصادي العام في البلاد.

ونتيجة للروابط القوية بين سوق الاوراق المالية والاقتصاد، عُدّ استقرار ونمو هذه الاسواق مقياساً لمدى نجاح السياسات الاقتصادية العامة للدولة، وعدت مؤشرات اداء سوق الاوراق المالية من مؤشرات الاقتصادية الفعالة في تحديد اتجاهات النشاط الاقتصادي.

تناولت هذه الدراسة العوامل الخارجية (الاقتصادية والسياسية) والعوامل الداخلية المؤثرة في سلوك الاسواق المالية، إذ تم تحليل ومناقشة ابرز المتغيرات الاقتصادية الكلية(كعرض النقد، مستوى النشاط الاقتصادي، سعر الفائدة، سعر الصرف، التضخم) وعلاقتها بالاسهم والسندات، فضلاً عن تحديد القنوات التي من خلالها يتسرب اثر هذه المتغيرات الى سوق الاوراق المالية.

كما تم بحث وتحليل اهم العوامل الداخلية(العوامل الفنية) التي تنشأ داخل بورصة الاوراق المالية، والتي تتعلق بممارسة انشطتها وطبيعة معاملاتها وسلوكيات المتعاملين فيها ووسائلهم، فسوق الاوراق المالية لا تخلو من محاولات بعض المتعاملين والسماسرة القيام ببعض التصرفات التي من شأنها خلق ظروف مصطنعة تعمل على ايهام الافراد بحقائق ليست صحيحة. ثم عرجت الدراسة على عدد من القوانين والتشريعات التي من شانها الحد من الممارسات غير القانونية وخلق بيئة استثمارية مستقرة.

ومن خلال سوق مصر للاوراق المالية تم اختبار العلاقة الكمية بين العوامل الاقتصادية المذكورة من جهة، وموشرات اداء سوق مصر للاوراق المالية (المؤشر العام لاسعار الاسهم، القيمة السوقية، حجم التداول) من جهة اخرى.

وخلصت الدراسة الى مجموعة من الاستنتاجات والتوصيات كان اهمها وجود علاقة طردية بين التغيرات الحاصلة في (عرض النقد، مستوى النشاط الاقتصادي، معدل التضخم) ومؤشرات اداء سوق مصر للاوراق المالية، فيما وجد ان سعري الفائدة والصرف يرتبطان بعلاقة عكسية مع المؤشرات اداء السوق المذكور.

واخيراً اوصت الدراسة الى ضرورة انشاء مراكز نشطة وفعالة داخل اسواق الاوراق المالية تتيح للمستمرين الاطلاع على المعلومات المتعلقة بالاجراءات التي يتخذها البنك المركزي بشان السياسة النقدية، حتى يتمكنوا من عكسها في اتخاذ قرارات البيع والشراء الخاصة بالاوراق المالية هذا من جانب، من جانب اخر لا بد من قيام السلطات النقدية بالموازنة بين المنافع والتاثيرات السلبية لتلك القارات في اداء سوق الاواق المالية.

وللحد من الممارسات غير القانونية تم التاكيد على اهمية اصدار القوانين والقواعد اللازمة لتنظيم ورقابة سوق الاوراق المالية من مخاطر الغش والتلاعب التي يمارسها عدد من السماسرة والمستثمرين الكبار، على حساب بعض المتعاملين في سوق الاوراق المالية.
فلسفة استراتيجية الموارد البشرية
Authors: حمود العنزي سعد علي , الساعدي مؤيد
Published: December 2018

يصب المدخل المستند إلى الموارد (Resources Based Approach) في دراسة المنظمات المتعلمة (Learning Organizations) اهتمامه أساساً على دراسة القابليات البشرية وكيفية تطويرها، وجعلها قدرات جوهرية تنافسية. فالدراسات الحديثة تنظر إلى استراتيجية إدارة الموارد البشرية (Human Resources Management Strategy) على أنها من المكونات المركزية الاستراتيجية منظمة الأعمال (Business Organization Strategy)، في الوقت الذي كانت فيه تلك الاستراتيجية نسبياً منسية من وجهة نظر الإدارة العليا، إذ لم ينظر إليها في أحسن الأحوال بأفضل من جهة تنفيذية مؤدية لأنشطة مكتبية توثيقية تعنى بشؤون العاملين، من حيث استحقاقاتهم وترقياتهم وعقوباتهم، وما يطرأ على وضعهم التنظيمي من تغييرات. إن التطورات الهائلة التي شهدتها بيئة الأعمال، لم تدع إدارة الموارد البشرية (Human Resources Management)، والتي يرمز لها اختصاراً (HRM)، تدور في فلك قصور النظرة هذه. وبمطلع القرن الحادي والعشرين، ظهرت اعترافات متزايدة عن إن المسار نحو الميزة التنافسية سيجري إنجازه من خلال العاملين. فعليه، إن استناد منظمة الأعمال إلى مواردها البشرية في بناء استراتيجياتها، يعني التفكير بوجود فاعل للعاملين أولاً، وقبل وجود الاستراتيجية، ولاسيما في إطار تضاؤل التفكير بالقدرات الاستراتيجية للموارد البشرية التي تركز عليها عملية بناء الاستراتيجية الكلية للمنظمة (Corporate Strategy). ففي عصر المعرفة  Knowledge) Age) ليس المهم امتلاك استراتيجية بقدر ما يشكل هذا الامتلاك بحد ذاته نتاجاً معرفياً. وإذا ما عُدَّ ذلك صحيحاً، فإن الحاجة لوجود استراتيجيات فاعلة لإدارة الموارد البشرية، يعد مرحلة سابقة على التفكير بوجود موارد بشرية فاعلة قادرة على إنتاج الاستراتيجيات، ومن خلال امتلاكها التفكير الاستراتيجي (Strategic Thinking).

إذن ستكون الدراسة الحالية متوجهة نحو عرض تحليلي لفلسفة متغير استراتيجية إدارة الموارد البشرية بالاستناد إلى المعطيات الفكرية في ربط الأسباب فيما بينها للخروج بحصيلة علمية ملائمة في إطار هذا الموضوع الحيوي، وذلك من خلال تنفيذ ثلاث متطلبات أساسية هي..الإطار الفلسفي لاستراتيجية الموارد البشرية، وأهمية إدارتها لمنظمة الأعمال، والمداخل الفكرية لها في ضوء ممارساتها على مستوى التطبيق.
فلسفة نوعية حياة العمل في منظمات الألفية الثالثة
Authors: حمود العنزي سعد علي , خير الله سما سعد
Published: December 2018

المقدمة

تجدد الاهتمام بموضوع نوعية حياة العمل (Quality of life) الذي يرمز له اختصارا (QWL)، في السنوات الأخيرة الماضية، وبمطلع الألفية الثالثة على وجه التحديد، من قبل الباحثين الأكاديميين والمهتمين الممارسين في منظمات الأعمال، وذلك بوصفهم إليه بأنه أهم مصادر الرضا للعاملين، والعنصر المميز لبيئة عمل منظمة ما عن غيرها. وهنا، قد برزت الاضطلاع بالمسؤولية الأخلاقية والاجتماعية لتحسين نوعية حياة العمل للعاملين في تلك المنظمات، والسعي من قبلها لتطبيق كل النشاطات الخاصة بها، لغرض إشباع حاجاتهم ورغباتهم في بيئة العمل. ويتمثل نجاح منظمات الأعمال المعاصرة بقدرتها على تحقيق أهدافها وأهداف العاملين بها في آن واحد. ولذلك أصبحت الإدارة المعاصرة مؤمنة كل الإيمان بان نجاح المنظمة سيكون مرهونا بتحقيق رسالتها المجتمعية من خلال سعيها الحثيث لتطبيق برامج تطوير نوعية حياة العمل فيها. ويؤكد رواد الفكر الإداري المعاصرين على إن التحديات الكثيرة التي تواجه منظمات أعمال الألفية الثالثة قد تفرض عليها البحث والتقصي عن تقنيات تساعد أدارتها في تجاوز معيقات العمل ومسببات الفشل إذا وجدت أن واحدة منها ناتجة عن سوء إعداد برامج ثابتة لنوعية حياة العمل وتطبيقها بشكل سليم، فيفترض بها هنا، أن تسعى لإدامة الموارد البشرية والسعي لدعم جهودها بكونها المحرك الرئيسي للموارد الأخرى والأساس الجوهري لبقائها في عالم الأعمال وسر نموها ونجاحها في الحاضر والمستقبل.
Performance of Wheat Varieties Under Late Planting-Induced Heat Stress Condition
Authors: Rahman MM , Hasan MA , Chowdhury MF , Islam MR , Rana MS
Published: December 2018

The effect of late planting heat stress on physiological traits, yield attributes and yield of four wheat varieties (BARI Gom 25, BARI Gom 26, BARI Gom 28 and Sourav) were tested in the study. November 30 sowing was considered as control and December 30 sowing as the late planting heat stress condition. Wheat Var. BARI Gom 25, BARI Gom 26 and BARI Gom 28 showed greater stability of flag leaf chl, higher level of proline in flag leaf and kernel and greater ability to keep the canopy cooler compared to Sourav under late planting heat stress condition. More spike dry matter accumulation at peak, longer grain growth duration, better yield components such as number of grains spike-1, grain weight spike-1 and 1000-grain weight under heat stress contributed to better tolerance of BARI Gom 25, BARI Gom 26 and BARI Gom 28. The order of tolerance based on grain yield was BARI Gom 25 > BARI Gom 28 > BARI Gom 26 > Sourav and the order of tolerance based on above ground biological yield was BARI Gom 28 > BARI Gom 26 > BARI Gom 25 > Sourav.

Bangladesh Agron. J. 2018, 21(1): 9-24
Wheat Genotypes as Affected by Terminal Heat Stress in Northern Bangladesh
Authors: Bala P , Sikder S
Published: December 2018

This study was conducted in Crop Physiology and Ecology research field of Hajee Mohammad Danesh science and Technology University, Dinajpur during the two successive years of 2011-12 and 2012-13 to identify morpho-physiological attributes of wheat genotypes in response to terminal heat stress. In this respect, three sowing dates at November 27 (normal), December 17 (late) and January 7 (very late growing condition) and eight wheat genotypes viz., Pavon-76, Prodip, BARI Gom-25, BARI Gom-26, BAW-1143, BAW-1146, BAW-1147 and BAW-118 were evaluated. Growth and morphological changes of wheat genotypes were evaluated in relation to heat tolerance in field condition. Growth attributes such as LAR, SLA and LWR for all the genotypes declined throughout the advancement of growth stages in both the growing seasons and at heat stress condition values of all the parameters such as plant height and grain yields were reduced compared to normal condition.

Bangladesh Agron. J. 2018, 21(1): 25-37
Mitigation of Salinity Stress in Soybean Using Organic Amendments
Authors: Ferdous J , Mannan MA , Haque MM , Alam MS , Talukder S
Published: December 2018

A pot experiment was carried out in semi-controlled condition at the Department of Agronomy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU), Gazipur from November 2015 to March 2016 to assess the effect of organic amendments to mitigate salinity stress in Soybean var. BARI soybean 5. Two types of organic amendments i) water hyacinth compost and ii) rice husk biochar were mixed in soil @ 5 and 10 t ha-1 of both. Saline solution was prepared by adding tap water in seawater to make 5 and 10 dS m-1 salinity respectively. Plants were irrigated with the salt solution from 14th day after sowing (DAS) to maturity and the control plants were irrigated with tap water. Data on different parameters like plant height, leaf, stem, root dry matter and yield contributing parameters were recorded at harvest. Experimental results revealed that salinity decreased plant height, dry weight of leaf, stem and root as well as yield of soybean plant-1. Application of water hyacinth compost and rice husk biochar had positive effects on mitigating the negative effects of salinity stress on all those parameters studied. However, rice husk biochar at the rate of 5 t ha-1 showed best result to mitigate salinity stress at low salinity (5 dSmdS m-1 condition.

Bangladesh Agron. J. 2018, 21(1): 39-50
Development of Fertilizer Recommendation for Blackgram in Charland of Pabna, Bangladesh
Authors: Maniruzzaman M , Alam MR , Islam MS , Islam MZ , Molla MSH , Islam MA
Published: December 2018

The experiment was conducted at charland of Charsadipur in Pabna district under AEZ-11 during Khrif season of 2014 and 2015 to determine appropriate fertilizer dose for enhancing yield of blackgram as well as to increase farmers’ income. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with four dispersed replications. Eight fertilizer packages, viz.T1: N20P15K6S9Zn2 kg ha-1(STB), T2: N25P15K6S9Zn2kg ha-1, T3: N25P19K6S9Zn2 kg ha-1, T4: N25P15K8S9Zn2 kg ha-1, T5: N20P19K8S9Zn2 kg ha-1, T6: N25P19K15S9Zn2 kg ha-1, T7: N15P11K5S7Zn1.5kg ha-1and T8: Native nutrients (control) were tested on blackgram. Fertilizer package of N25P19K15S9Zn2 kg ha-1 (T6) enhanced crop growth and yield of blackgram in both the years. Maximum seed yield of blackgram (1.43t ha-1 in 2014 and 0.97 t ha-1 in 2015) was obtained with N25P19K15S9Zn2 kg ha-1 (T6), which was 80 and 147% more than the control in 2014 and 2015, respectively. The highest gross return (Tk. 82815 ha-1 in 2014 and Tk. 65200 ha-1 in 2015) and gross margin (Tk. 51125 ha-1 in 2014 and Tk. 32020 ha-1 in 2015) were also recorded from the same treatment in both the years. The results revealed that fertilizer package of N25P19K15S9Zn2kg ha-1 might be recommended for getting higher seed yield of blackgram and economic return as well under charland condition of Pabna district

Bangladesh Agron. J. 2018, 21(1): 89-94
Effect of Seed Rate and Walkway on Yield of Field Pea Under Relay Cropping with T. Aman Rice
Authors: Ali MO , Talukder AHMMR , Nahar L
Published: December 2018

The field experiment was conducted at Pulses Research Centre (PRC), Ishurdi, Pabna and Regional Agricultural Research Station (RARS), Jamalpur during rabi 2012-2013 to find out the effect of seed rate and walkway for green pea production as relay cropping with transplanted Aman rice. The experiment was based on six seed rates @ 50, 60, 70, 80, 90 and 100 kg ha-1 and two walking ways viz. 15 cm wide walkway at 2 m interval over the plot and control with three replications. A local cultivar of pea, named Natore was used in this trial. Results revealed that the treatment with 100 kg seed ha-1 gave the highest pod yield of 5.13 t ha-1 and 4.98 t ha-1 at Jamalpur and Ishurdi locations, respectively which was similar to 80 (S4) and 90 (S5) kg seed ha-1.. Walkway had no significant variation in yield and yield contributing characters but it produced the higher yield over the control. Using walkway, 100 kg seed ha-1 (S6) and 15 cm walkway at 2 m interval over the plot (W1) produced the highest pod yield of 5.14 t ha-1 and 4.95 t ha-1 and fodder yield of 6.70 t ha-1 and 6.13 t ha-1 at Jamalpur and Ishurdi locations, respectively. Maximum gross margin of Tk. 1,06,040 ha-1 and Tk. 1,02,401 ha-1 was contributed by combinations of using 100 kg seed ha-1 and 15 cm walking way but maximum benefit cost ratio (BCR) of 3.40 and 3.43 were obtained from S5×W1 combination at Jamalpur and Ishurdi locations, respectively. It is concluded that pea cultivar can be successfully cultivated for green pod production through the use of 90-100 kg ha-1 seed with walkway of 15 cm wide in the plot after 2 m intervals.

Bangladesh Agron. J. 2018, 21(1): 95-103
Productivity and Nutrient Balance of Lentil- Mungbean -T. Aus - T. Aman Rice Cropping Pattern in High Barind Tract
Authors: Hossain MS , Alam SMM , Abida MY , Hasan MK , Khan ASMMR
Published: December 2018

A field experiment viz. was conducted at farmers’ field of Field Service Research Division site, Kadamshahar, Godagari, Rajshahi under High Barind Tracts to evaluate the the effect of the intensive cropping on system productivity and economic returns as well as nutrient balance and changes in soil fertility of four crop-based cropping pattern Lentil –Mungbean -T.Aus -T.Aman during 2015-2016 and 2016-2017. The Lentil - Mungbean-T.Aus -T. Aman rice cropping pattern was considered as improved pattern (IP) and compared with the farmers’ practice (FP) of Boro - Fallow -T.Aman rice cropping pattern. The Lentil-Mungbean- T.Aus -T.Aman cropping pattern was involved with higher cultivation cost but having the higher rice equivalent yield (REY 15.01 t ha-1), gross return (Tk. 265500 ha-1), gross margin (Tk. 134750 ha-1) and marginal benefit-cost ratio (1.38). This cropping pattern gave 46% higher REY compared to the existing Boro-Fallow-T. Aman rice pattern. The four crop pattern took 345 days in a year for its cycle completion. Incorporation of legume residues into the soil in IP increased soil organic matter, total N, available P and Zn contents, as observed after two crop cycles. The IP increased N, P and K uptake by the crops in the sequence. The apparent balance, i.e. difference between inputs and outputs for N and K was negative. The apparent P balance was positive in IP while it was negative in FP. Therefore, it is concluded that the practicing Lentil- Mungbean-T.Aus-T.Aman rice cropping pattern is a productive and profitable system of production technology in the high Barind Tract.

Bangladesh Agron. J. 2018, 21(1): 105-115
Effect of Crop Establishment Method and Nutrient Management on Yield and Yield Attributes of Short Duration T. Aman Rice
Authors: Nahar L , Sarker ABS , Mahbub MM , Akter R
Published: December 2018

A field trial was conducted at Agronomy Farm of Bangladesh Rice Research Institute to find out the effect of crop establishment method and nutrient management on yield performance of BRRI developed short-duration Aman rice var. BRRI dhan62 during July to October 2016. The trial comprised of four crop establishment methods viz., M1 = BRRI recommended puddle transplanting, M2 = System of rice intensification (SRI) method (9-days old seedling transplantation), M3 = Sprouted seed in line sowing and M4 = Sprouted seed in broadcasting and three nutrient management levels viz.,N1 = BRRI recommended nutrient management, N2 = Soil test-based nutrient management, N3 = Control. The study was conducted in a factorial Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. The result showed that planting methods had significant effects on the yield of rice. The SRI method along with BRRI recommended fertilizer dose produced the maximum grain yield of 4.49 t ha-1 which was statistically similar with that produced in SRI method day- and soil test-based nutrient management combination. The highest gross margin (Tk. 36,308.00 ha-1) and cost benefit ratio (2.06) were observed in direct seeding of sprouted seed in line sowing method along with BRRI recommended fertilizer dose. So, direct seeding of sprouted seed in line could be a suitable planting method due to reduction of 26.0% production cost associated with seedling raising and transplanting operations.

Bangladesh Agron. J. 2018, 21(1): 117-123
Performance of Mixed Cropping of Lentil with Cowpea Under Variable Seeding Ratios
Authors: Farhad ISM , Jahan E , Rahman MA , Azam MG , Mujahidi TA
Published: December 2018

The field experiment was carried out at South Lemua, MLT site, Feni (AEZ 19) during Rabi season of 2015-16 to evaluate the performance of lentil as mixed crop with cowpea under variable seeding ratio. The treatment combinations used for the experiment were T1= Sole Lentil (100 %) @ 40 kg seed ha-1, T2 =Sole Cowpea (100%) @ 45kg seed ha-1, T3 = Lentil (100%) + Cowpea (10 %), T4 = Lentil (100 %) + Cowpea (20 %) and T5 = Lentil (100 %) + Cowpea (30 %). Lentil var. BARIMashur-6 and cowpea variety BARI Felon-1 were used in this study. The yield of lentil decreased with the increase of cowpea population in the mixed cropping situation. All the mixed cropping combinations showed higher lentil equivalent yield (LEY), land equivalent ratio (LER), net return and benefit cost ratio (BCR) than sole cropping. The highest lentil equivalent yield (1438 kg ha-1) and maximum land equivalent ratio (1.24) were observed in T4 treatment. Cost and return analysis showed that the highest net return (Tk. 77,890 ha-1) was found in T4 treatment while sole cowpea gave the lowest net return (Tk. 7530 ha-1). The highest benefit cost ratio (3.09) was recorded from lentil (100 %) + cowpea (20 %) whereas the minimum (1.21) from sole cowpea.

Bangladesh Agron. J. 2018, 21(1): 125-129
Effect of wood shaving litter density on the growth, leg disorders and manurial value in broiler
Authors: Hossain MA , Zulkifili I , Islam S , Awad EA
Published: December 2018

The study was conducted with an aim to investigate the effect of litter density on growth, leg health and litter quality of broiler chickens from d1-42 days. Day-old male broiler chicks (n=400; Cobb 500) were distributed randomly into four litter densities [T1, T2, T3 and T4] treatments, each treatment had 5 replicates with 20 birds per replicate cage in a completely randomized design. Wood shaving was used as litter materials to a thickness of 5 cm, 8 cm, 11 cm and 14 cm on the floor of the pen. Birds were reared on the litter floor open-sided housing condition with ad libitum feed and water throughout the trail period. Data on feed intake (FI), body weight (BW), feed conversion ratio (FCR) and mortality were measured weekly. Litter sample was collected on day 42 to assess the nitrogen content (N2 %), dry matter (DM%) and moisture level (%). Footpad dermatitis (FPD) and hock burn (HB) incidences were measured on day 42 to assess the leg quality of birds. Results demonstrated that litter thickness had no significant (P>0.05) effect on FI, BW, FCR and mortality of broilers from d1-42 days. The N2, DM or moisture levels (%) of litter were also unaffected (P>0.05) between treatment. Leg disorders such as HB and FPD were influenced (P<0.01) by treatment. The incidences of HB and FPD were higher (P<0.01) in T1 and T2 than other treatments. It can be inferred from our current study that, leg health may be deteriorated by using low density wood shaving without affecting growth and litter quality of broiler chickens.

Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2018. 47 (1): 21-27
Uncommon CD markers in acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Kalam Azad Abul , Khan Md. Rafiquzzaman , Habib A. B. M. Hassan , Begum Masuda
Published: December 2018

This study was done to assess the unusual CD expression in 100 cases of acute myeloid leukemia from October 2016 to April 2018. The age limit was from 3 to 50 years. Four color flow cytometry was used to diagnose the fresh aspirated bone marrow or peripheral blood sample of acute leukemia. The unusual lymphoid CD expression on myeloblasts was analyzed. Among the cases, 44% were acute myeloid leukemia, 52% of patients were of acute lymphoblastic leukemia and mixed phenotype acute leukemia was 4%. Aberrant CD expression was observed in 58% acute myeloid leukemia patients. Both aberrant CD5 and CD7 lymphoid markers expressed in acute myeloid leukemia patients were 4.2%. Aberrant CD7, CD5, cCD79a and cCD3 were in 45.8%, 33.3%, 8.3%, 8.3% of acute myeloid leukemia patients respectively. In acute myeloid leukemia, the frequency of aberrant CD expression was compared with recent international data.
Prognosis of ischemic stroke patients with or without collateralization after carotid stenosis
Authors: Dey Subash Kanti , Shahidullah Md. , Ahmed Anis , Habib Ahsan , Rizvi Abu Nasar
Published: December 2018

The objective of this study was to see the  association of the prognosis of ischemic stroke patients with or without collateralization after carotid stenosis. This study was conducted on 36 patients presenting with acute ischemic stroke who were going through digital subtraction angiography from March 2017 to March 2018. Collateralization status after unilateral or bilateral stenosis was evaluated. Modified ranking scale (mRS) score was  measured on the first day of the stroke and after three months. The disability of ischemic stroke patients was compared between patients who developed collateralization and who had not. Among them, 61.6% developed collateralization. Among the patients who developed collateralization after three months, 90.9% patients had mRS scale of ≤2 and who not developed collateralization, 85.7% patients had mRS scale of ≤2. In both the groups, the p value was <0.05. It can be concluded that carotid stenosed patients who suffered from ischemic stroke, most of the patients disability improved to some extents whether collateralization developed or not among the major vessels.
A Robust Visual Tracking Algorithm Based on Spatial-Temporal Context Hierarchical Response Fusion
Authors: Zhang Wancheng , Luo Yanmin , Chen Zhi , Du Yongzhao , Zhu Daxin , Liu Peizhong
Published: December 2018

Discriminative correlation filters (DCFs) have been shown to perform superiorly in visual object tracking. However, visual tracking is still challenging when the target objects undergo complex scenarios such as occlusion, deformation, scale changes and illumination changes. In this paper, we utilize the hierarchical features of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and learn a spatial-temporal context correlation filter on convolutional layers. Then, the translation is estimated by fusing the response score of the filters on the three convolutional layers. In terms of scale estimation, we learn a discriminative correlation filter to estimate scale from the best confidence results. Furthermore, we proposed a re-detection activation discrimination method to improve the robustness of visual tracking in the case of tracking failure and an adaptive model update method to reduce tracking drift caused by noisy updates. We evaluate the proposed tracker with DCFs and deep features on OTB benchmark datasets. The tracking results demonstrated that the proposed algorithm is superior to several state-of-the-art DCF methods in terms of accuracy and robustness.
Influence of Progesterone-Treatment Length and eCG Administration on Appearance of Estrous Behavior, Ovulatory Success and Fertility in Sheep
Authors: Martinez-Ros Paula , Rios-Abellan Alejandro , Gonzalez-Bulnes Antonio
Published: December 2018

The present study characterizes, for sheep, the occurrence and timing of the onset of estrus behavior and ovulation and the yields obtained (ovulation rate, progesterone secretion, and fertility) after Controlled Internal Drug Release (CIDR) insertion for five, six, seven, or fourteen days, with or without equine chorionic gonadotrophin (eCG) in ewes of the Segureña meat breed. All the treatments showed above 80% of females displaying estrus, but the onset of estrus was earlier and more synchronized when using eCG and, among groups with eCG, onset of estrus was earlier in the sheep treated for 14 days than in the short-term treatments (p < 0.05 for all). Administration of eCG after either short- or long-term treatments assured the occurrence of fertile ovulations in all the animals. Conversely, ovulatory success without eCG was found to be dependent on treatment length, with a high percentage of animals ovulating after five days of treatment (83.3%) and very low percentages after treatment for six or seven days (40% and 20%, respectively). Ovulation rate and progesterone secretion were similar among animals ovulating, but ovulation failures predetermined the fertility yields obtained in response to the treatments. Hence, the best results were found after treatment for 14 days plus eCG, and for 5 days without eCG (83.3 for both, p < 0.05 when compared to the other groups with different treatment lengths and with or without eCG).
Multi-Criteria Decision Making for Efficient Tiling Path Planning in a Tetris-Inspired Self-Reconfigurable Cleaning Robot
Authors: Kouzehgar Maryam , Rajesh Elara Mohan , Ann Philip Mahima , Arunmozhi Manimuthu , Prabakaran Veerajagadheswar
Published: December 2018

In this study, we aim to optimize and improve the efficiency of a Tetris-inspired reconfigurable cleaning robot. Multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) is utilized as a powerful tool to target this aim by introducing the best solution among others in terms of lower energy consumption and greater area coverage. Regarding the Tetris-inspired structure, polyomino tiling theory is utilized to generate tiling path-planning maps which are evaluated via MCDM to seek a solution that can deliver the best balance between the two mentioned key issues; energy and area coverage. In order to obtain a tiling area that better meets the requirements of polyomino tiling theorems, first, the whole area is decomposed into five smaller sub-areas based on furniture layout. Afterward, four tetromino tiling theorems are applied to each sub-area to give the tiling sets that govern the robot navigation strategy in terms of shape-shifting tiles. Then, the area coverage and energy consumption are calculated and eventually, these key values are considered as the decision criteria in a MCDM process to select the best tiling set in each sub-area, and following the aggregation of best tiling path-plannings, the robot navigation is oriented towards efficiency and improved optimality. Also, for each sub-area, a preference order for the tiling sets is put forward. Based on simulation results, the tiling theorem that can best serve all sub-areas turns out to be the same. Moreover, a comparison between a fixed-morphology mechanism with the current approach further advocates the proposed technique.
An Affordable Fast Early Warning System for Edge Computing in Assembly Line
Authors: Syafrudin Muhammad , Fitriyani Norma Latif , Alfian Ganjar , Rhee Jongtae
Published: December 2018

Maintaining product quality is essential for smart factories, hence detecting abnormal events in assembly line is important for timely decision-making. This study proposes an affordable fast early warning system based on edge computing to detect abnormal events during assembly line. The proposed model obtains environmental data from various sensors including gyroscopes, accelerometers, temperature, humidity, ambient light, and air quality. The fault model is installed close to the facilities, so abnormal events can be timely detected. Several performance evaluations are conducted to obtain the optimal scenario for utilizing edge devices to improve data processing and analysis speed, and the final proposed model provides the highest accuracy in terms of detecting abnormal events compared to other classification models. The proposed model was tested over four months of operation in a Korean automobile parts factory, and provided significant benefits from monitoring assembly line, as well as classifying abnormal events. The model helped improve decision-making by reducing or preventing unexpected losses due to abnormal events.
An Investigation of the Behavioral Characteristics of Higher- and Lower-Temperature Group Families in a Condominium Equipped with a HEMS System
Authors: KC Rajan , Rijal Hom Bahadur , Shukuya Masanori , Yoshida Kazui
Published: December 2018

A home energy management system (HEMS) shows the energy used indoors so that the energy waste can be easily identified and reduced. Thermal comfort is related to the trend of energy use in buildings. We conducted a survey in a condominium equipped with a HEMS to determine the indoor thermal environment and various behaviors of the occupants taken for thermal comfort adjustment. The results showed that there is a large variation of indoor air temperatures according to season, floor and flat. We categorized families into two groups, one with higher and the other with lower average indoor temperatures. The indoor air temperature of the higher temperature group in summer was found to be higher than the recommended indoor temperature during the summer season in Japan. The higher temperature group tended to adopt behaviors, such as window opening and using a fan more often, than the lower temperature group. Due to the moderately high insulating levels in the building surveyed, the indoor air temperature of both groups was not low in winter. Heating was used less and irregular. The overall results indicate that the groups of families behaved differently to adjust the indoor thermal environment even though they were equipped with the same HEMS system.
The Response of Prostate Cancer to Androgen Deprivation and Irradiation Due to Immune Modulation
Authors: Wu Chun-Te , Chen Wen-Cheng , Chen Miao-Fen
Published: December 2018

This study investigated changes in the immune system and the biological consequences of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) and radiotherapy (RT) for augmenting the treatment response in prostate cancer, particularly for castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Human and murine prostate cancer cell lines were used to examine the response to ADT and RT in vitro and in vivo. Biological changes following treatment and related immune modulation in the tumor microenvironment were examined. Our results showed that CRPC cells were demonstrated to be more resistant to the RT and ADT treatments. ADT increased tumor inhibition following irradiation. The underlying changes included increased cell death, attenuated myeloid-derived suppressor cell recruitment, and an increase in the number of tumor-infiltrating T cells (TILs). Furthermore, when high-dose fractionated RT was given to the primary CRPC tumor, a smaller size of secondary non-irradiated tumor associated with increased TILs was noted in ADT-treated mice. In conclusion, treatment resistance in CRPC was associated with a more immunosuppressive microenvironment. Enhanced antitumor immunity was responsible for the augmented RT-induced tumoricidal effect induced by ADT. Immune modulation could be a promising strategy for prostate cancer, especially for metastatic CRPC.
The Tumor Microenvironment of High Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Stack M. Sharon , Nephew Kenneth P. , Burdette Joanna E. , K. Mitra Anirban
Published: December 2018

The Special Issue on high grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) and the contribution of the tumor micro-environment (TME) consisted of reviews contributed by leaders in the ovarian cancer (OC) field. [...]
A Review on Ultrasonic Catalytic Microbubbles Ozonation Processes: Properties, Hydroxyl Radicals Generation Pathway and Potential in Application
Authors: Xiong Xingaoyuan , Wang Bing , Zhu Wei , Tian Kun , Zhang Huan
Published: December 2018

Ozone-based advanced oxidant processes (AOPs) have attracted remarkable attention as an alternative and effective approach for mineralization of refractory organics to innocuous substances. Key issues for ozone-based AOPs mainly focused on how to enhance ozone mass transfer and improve the production of hydroxyl radicals. Unfortunately, great efforts have been made, though, the application of ozone-based AOPs still remained in the laboratory scale due to lack of understanding of mechanisms of these hybrid processes. Besides, obtaining the balance of economical-technical feasibility is a great challenge. Ultrasonic catalytic microbubbles ozonation could be considered as a promising method, despite that there are a few studies that addressed this potential technology. Therefore, in this review, summaries about ozone-based microbubbles process, ultrasonic catalytic ozonation process, and ultrasonic catalytic microbubbles ozonation process have been provided in order to give a novel prospective about these hybrid technologies. The main influential parameters, such as initial pH, ozone dosage, intake flow rate, operating temperature, bubble size distributions, ultrasonic frequency, ultrasonic power density, and natural water constituents have also been well discussed. We truly hope that this paper will bring convenience to researchers that are devoted in the field of application of ozone-based AOPs for mineralizing refractory organics in wastewater.
SpermQ–A Simple Analysis Software to Comprehensively Study Flagellar Beating and Sperm Steering
Authors: Hansen Jan , Rassmann Sebastian , Jikeli Jan , Wachten Dagmar
Published: December 2018

Motile cilia, also called flagella, are found across a broad range of species; some cilia propel prokaryotes and eukaryotic cells like sperm, while cilia on epithelial surfaces create complex fluid patterns e.g., in the brain or lung. For sperm, the picture has emerged that the flagellum is not only a motor but also a sensor that detects stimuli from the environment, computing the beat pattern according to the sensory input. Thereby, the flagellum navigates sperm through the complex environment in the female genital tract. However, we know very little about how environmental signals change the flagellar beat and, thereby, the swimming behavior of sperm. It has been proposed that distinct signaling domains in the flagellum control the flagellar beat. However, a detailed analysis has been mainly hampered by the fact that current comprehensive analysis approaches rely on complex microscopy and analysis systems. Thus, knowledge on sperm signaling regulating the flagellar beat is based on custom quantification approaches that are limited to only a few aspects of the beat pattern, do not resolve the kinetics of the entire flagellum, rely on manual, qualitative descriptions, and are only a little comparable among each other. Here, we present SpermQ, a ready-to-use and comprehensive analysis software to quantify sperm motility. SpermQ provides a detailed quantification of the flagellar beat based on common time-lapse images acquired by dark-field or epi-fluorescence microscopy, making SpermQ widely applicable. We envision SpermQ becoming a standard tool in flagellar and motile cilia research that allows to readily link studies on individual signaling components in sperm and distinct flagellar beat patterns.
Effect of Particle Size on the Corrosion Behaviour of Gold in the Presence of Chloride Impurities: An EFC-ICP-MS Potentiodynamic Study
Authors: Jovanovič Primož , Može Martina , Gričar Ema , Šala Martin , Ruiz-Zepeda Francisco , Bele Marjan , Marolt Gregor , Hodnik Nejc
Published: December 2018

A profound understanding of the Au dissolution process is a prerequisite for optimal utilization of Au-based materials. This goes for either increasing the corrosion stability of materials in the sectors where the long-term functionality of Au is needed or decreasing the corrosion stability where the recovery of the Au component is crucial. By employing an extremely sensitive online analytical system, consisting of an electrochemical flow cell coupled to an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, in situ potential-resolved dissolution of Au in the ppb range is enabled. A comparative study of two Au based materials, (i) a polycrystalline Au disk and (ii) carbon-supported Au nanoparticles, is presented. As a probe, chloride ions were used to elucidate the distinct differences in the corrosion behavior of the two analogues.
Manufacture and Characteristics of Oil-Modified Refined Lacquer for Wood Coatings
Authors: Chang Chia-Wei , Lee Hsiu-Ling , Lu Kun-Tsung
Published: December 2018

Oriental lacquer, a natural and renewable polymeric coating, comes from the sap produced by lacquer trees. For practical applications, oriental lacquer must be refined to reduce its water content and enhance its quality. In this study, drying oils were blended with oriental lacquer during a refining process to produce oil-modified refined lacquer (OMRL). Rhus succedanea lacquer, composed of 54.1% urushiols, 34.3% water, 7.2% plant gum, and 4.4% nitrogenous compounds, and drying oils, including tung oil (TO), linseed oil (LO), and dehydrated castor oil (DCO), were used as materials in this study. The effect of type and amount (0%, 10%, and 20% by wt %) of drying oils added to lacquer on lacquer properties were evaluated. Results show that the drying oils acted as a diluent, which reduced the viscosity, and enhanced workability, shortened touch-free drying time and accelerated the hardened drying of the OMRL. The results also indicated that the hardness, mass retention, Tg, tensile strength, abrasion resistance, and lightfastness of OMRL films decreased as more drying oils were blended with lacquer. Conversely, the bending resistance, elongation at break, impact resistance increased. Gloss was greatly improved through the blending of more drying oils with lacquer. In conclusion, the LO-modified refined lacquer (RL) had the highest film gloss and the DCO-modified RL had the shortest drying time for coating. Otherwise, the film properties were similar among the three types of drying oils.
Assessing of New Coatings for Iron Artifacts Conservation by Recurrence Plots Analysis
Authors: Roncagliolo Barrera Paola , Rodríguez Gómez Francisco Javier , García Ochoa Esteban
Published: December 2018

Cast iron has stood for centuries of invention. It is a very versatile and durable material. Coating systems are a low-maintenance protection method. The purpose of this research is to increase the Paraloid coating’s resistance when applied to iron in high humidity atmospheres, with the addition of caffeine (1,3,7-dimethylxanthine) and nicotine (S)-3-(1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl) pyridine as corrosion inhibitors; the resistance of protection versus exposure time will be evaluated by using electrochemical noise. A statistical analysis of the electrochemical noise signals was carried out. Recurrence plots were used as a powerful tool in the analysis to complement the data obtained and they predicted the evaluation of coatings behaviors performance versus time. The outcomes show that the addition of inhibitors increases and improves the performance as a temporary protection of Paraloid and that protection in high relative humidity was improved. Recurrence plots and parameter quantification show the variances in the surface corrosion dynamics.
Bioinspired Mineralization of Type I Collagen Fibrils with Apatite in Presence of Citrate and Europium Ions
Authors: Gómez Morales Jaime , Fernández Penas Raquel , Verdugo-Escamilla Cristóbal , Degli Esposti Lorenzo , Oltolina Francesca , Prat Maria , Iafisco Michele , Fernández Sánchez Jorge Fernando
Published: December 2018

Synthetic nanostructured hybrid composites based on collagen and nanocrystalline apatites are interesting materials for the generation of scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. In this work, mineralized collagen fibrils were prepared in the presence of citrate and Eu3+. Citrate is an indispensable and essential structural/functional component of bone. Eu3+ endows the mineralized fibrils of the necessary luminescent features to be potentially employed as a diagnostic tool in biomedical applications. The assembly and mineralization of collagen were performed by the neutralization method, which consists in adding dropwise a Ca(OH)2 solution to a H3PO4 solution containing the dispersed type I collagen until neutralization. In the absence of citrate, the resultant collagen fibrils were mineralized with nanocrystalline apatites. When citrate was added in the titrant solution in a Citrate/Ca molar ratio of 2 or 1, it acted as an inhibitor of the transformation of amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) to nanocrystalline apatite. The addition of Eu3+ and citrate in the same titrant solution lead to the formation of Eu3+–doped citrate–coated ACP/collagen fibrils. Interestingly, the relative luminescent intensity and luminescence lifetime of this latter composite were superior to those of Eu3+–doped apatite/collagen prepared in absence of citrate. The cytocompatibility tests, evaluated by the 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) (MTT) colorimetric assay in a dose–dependent manner on GTL–16 human gastric carcinoma cells, on MG–63 human osteosarcoma cells and on the m17.ASC, a spontaneously immortalized mouse mesenchymal stem cell clone from subcutaneous adipose tissue, show that, in general, all samples are highly cytocompatible.
The Role of Transabdominal Ultrasound in the Diagnosis of Early Stage Pancreatic Cancer: Review and Single-Center Experience
Authors: Ashida Reiko , Tanaka Sachiko , Yamanaka Hiromi , Okagaki Suetsumi , Nakao Keiko , Fukuda Junko , Nakao Miho , Ioka Tatsuya , Katayama Kazuhiro
Published: December 2018

Pancreatic cancer (PC) is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death with a 5-year survival rate less than 10%. In the absence of effective screening methods, such as blood markers, most clinical diagnoses of PC are made at an advanced stage. However, early stage PC is associated with a more favorable five-year survival rate of 85.8% for stage 0, and 68.7% for stage IA. Transabdominal ultrasound (US) is frequently used as a first-line diagnostic tool in the clinical setting and a preferred modality for routine medical evaluations for asymptomatic individuals. Recently published Japanese data show that most PCs diagnosed in early stage had US findings, such as dilated main pancreatic ducts or pancreas cysts. For surveillance of high-risk individuals, such as those with an intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN), US is an ideal modality in terms of its non-invasive and cost-effective nature. However, the diagnostic performance of ultrasound varies greatly by the operator’s experience and the patient’s condition. This article reviews the present situation of early diagnosis of pancreatic cancer by US, along with tips for improving visualization of the pancreas.
Numerical Study of Double-Layered Microchannel Heat Sinks with Different Cross-Sectional Shapes
Authors: Deng Daxiang , Pi Guang , Zhang Weixun , Wang Peng , Fu Ting
Published: December 2018

This work numerically studies the thermal and hydraulic performance of double-layered microchannel heat sinks (DL-MCHS) for their application in the cooling of high heat flux microelectronic devices. The superiority of double-layered microchannel heat sinks was assessed by a comparison with a single-layered microchannel heat sink (SL-MCHS) with the same triangular microchannels. Five DL-MCHSs with different cross-sectional shapes—triangular, rectangular, trapezoidal, circular and reentrant Ω-shaped—were explored and compared. The results showed that DL-MCHS decreased wall temperatures and thermal resistance considerably, induced much more uniform wall temperature distribution, and reduced the pressure drop and pumping power in comparison with SL-MCHS. The DL-MCHS with trapezoidal microchannels performed the worst with regard to thermal resistance, pressure drop, and pumping power. The DL-MCHS with rectangular microchannels produced the best overall thermal performance and seemed to be the optimum when thermal performance was the prime concern. Nevertheless, the DL-MCHS with reentrant Ω-shaped microchannels should be selected when pumping power consumption was the most important consideration.
Filtering Methods for Efficient Dynamic Access Control in 5G Massive Machine-Type Communication Scenarios
Authors: Leyva-Mayorga Israel , Rodriguez-Hernandez Miguel A. , Pla Vicent , Martinez-Bauset Jorge
Published: December 2018

One of the three main use cases of the fifth generation of mobile networks (5G) is massive machine-type communications (mMTC). The latter refers to the highly synchronized accesses to the cellular base stations from a great number of wireless devices, as a product of the automated exchange of small amounts of data. Clearly, an efficient mMTC is required to support the Internet-of-Things (IoT). Nevertheless, the method to change from idle to connected mode, known as the random access procedure (RAP), of 4G has been directly inherited by 5G, at least, until the first phase of standardization. Research has demonstrated the RAP is inefficient to support mMTC, hence, access control schemes are needed to obtain an adequate performance. In this paper, we compare the benefits of using different filtering methods to configure an access control scheme included in the 5G standards: the access class barring (ACB), according to the intensity of access requests. These filtering methods are a key component of our proposed ACB configuration scheme, which can lead to more than a three-fold increase in the probability of successfully completing the random access procedure under the most typical network configuration and mMTC scenario.