bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Correlación entre actividad física en la vida diaria y biomarcadores de estrés oxidativo y metabólicos en adultos mayores
Authors: Cordeiro Maluf Jordana , Sepúlveda-Loyola Walter , Tricanico Maciel Renata Pires , Carvalho Giovanna , Pereira Paulo Sérgio , Suziane Probst Vanessa
Published: June 2020

Introducción: el envejecimiento se caracteriza por cambios fisiológicos, entre ellos un aumento del estrés oxidativo (EO), que es un factor de riesgo para el desarrollo de múltiples patologías. La actividad física en la vida diaria (AFVD) es un factor protector para la salud y podría estar asociado con una disminución del EO. Objetivo: analizar la correlación entre AFVD y los biomarcadores de EO en adultos mayores. Materiales y Métodos: se incluyeron 35 adultos mayores (edad: 69 ± 7 años, hombres: 57%). La actividad física fue evaluada utilizando el acelerómetro triaxial DynaPort, que midió el tiempo en 6 actividades: Caminata rápida, acostado, sentado, de pie, en movimiento y caminata lenta, respectivamente. Fueron evaluados los siguientes biomarcadores de sangre periférica: Productos avanzados de oxidación de proteínas (AOPP), óxido nítrico (NOx), capacidad antioxidante total (TRAP), grupo de sulfhidrilo (SH) y enzima superóxido dismutasa (SOD). Además, el nivel glicémico, IMC y circunferencia abdominal. Los coeficientes de correlación de Pearson o Spearman fueron utilizados respectivamente, con p < 0.05 e IC: 95%. Resultados: SOD tuvo una correlación con tiempos de caminata rápida (r = 0.6) y de movimiento (r = 0.6). AOPP tuvo una correlación con los tiempos de caminata rápida (r = -0.4), caminata lenta (r = -0.5), de pie (r = -0.4), en movimiento (r = -0.4) y acostado (r = 0.5). El IMC tuvo una correlación con el tiempo en movimiento (r = -0.4). La glucosa fue correlacionada con el tiempo de caminata rápida (-r = 0.63), de pie (r = -0.5), en movimiento (r = -0.6), caminata lenta (r = -0.61) y acostado (r = 0.54). Conclusiones: niveles aumentados de actividad física de la vida diaria están asociados con mayor capacidad antioxidante, menor estrés oxidativo, nivel glicémico e IMC. MÉD.UIS.2020;33(1): 13-9
Diagnóstico etiológico de la neumonía: un problema en la práctica clínica pediátrica
Authors: Mena Galviz Liseth Susana , Carreño Almanzor Fabián Ramiro , Cala Vecino Luz Libia
Published: June 2020

La neumonía en niños es causa frecuente de morbilidad y mortalidad, especialmente en países de bajos ingresos; es indispensable proporcionar una adecuada conducta terapéutica, idealmente orientada por etiología, pues la principal consecuencia de no establecer un diagnóstico etiológico preciso es el abuso de antibióticos. La evaluación clínica y radiológica son los pilares básicos para el diagnóstico de neumonía, y el conocimiento del comportamiento epidemiológico de los gérmenes y los biomarcadores ayudan a su aproximación etiológica. Se revisaron aspectos prácticos sobre el diagnóstico de la neumonía en niños, abordando criterios clínicos y epidemiológicos (edad y género), reactantes de fase aguda, hallazgos radiológicos y modelos de predicción etiológica utilizados como herramientas para la diferenciación de neumonía bacteriana de viral en menores de 18 años, en escenarios donde no se dispone rutinariamente de técnicas más precisas para diagnóstico rápido, como aquellas de tipo inmunológico o moleculares. MÉD.UIS.2020;33(1):39-52
Mercado del Cannabis medicinal en Colombia: una oportunidad para el sector salud que requiere lineamientos estratégicos del gobierno nacional y la academia
Authors: Ledezma-Morales Mónica , Cristina Rodríguez Adriana , Amariles Pedro
Published: June 2020

Los resultados de las investigaciones sobre cannabis medicinal han traído a las mesas de gobierno discusiones sobre su potencial terapéutico y las medidas a tomar para controlar su producción, comercialización y utilización. En Colombia, desde el 2017, el mercado del cannabis medicinal se encuentra regulado; sin embargo, existen brechas entre la norma, disponibilidad y acceso de los pacientes a productos farmacéuticos con derivados del cannabis, aprobados por el ente regulatorio y que cumplan con los estándares de calidad. Desde esta perspectiva, se considera necesario que el gobierno nacional lidere, en coordinación con la academia y el sector productivo, el desarrollo de preparados farmacéuticos a base de cannabis; además de establecer e implementar medidas estratégicas y concertadas, orientadas a mejorar el acceso y la utilización adecuada de los productos farmacéuticos de cannabis medicinal, en especial para los casos en los que se pueda establecer una clara relación riesgo/beneficio. Con ello, se contribuye a mejorar las condiciones de salud de pacientes que se pueden beneficiar de estas opciones, al igual que al desarrollo y consolidación de un sector promisorio para el país. MÉD.UIS.2020;33(1):53-8.
Analysis of Bank Default Factors in 2013–2019
Authors: Zubarev Andrey , Bekirova Olga
Published: June 2020

This paper studies bank defaults in the Russian Federation in recent years. Firstly, the Central Bank of Russia tightened prudential regulation in 2013. Secondly, a decrease in oil prices and economic sanctions resulted in a crisis in 2014–2015 with a huge depreciation of the national currency, which influenced the Russian banking sector substantially. Almost half of banks in Russia have been closed in the last 6 years. Through binary logistic models of bank defaults based on data for Q3 2013 through Q1 2019, the paper reveals the key factors which had an influence on the sustainability of Russian banks. The main result is that involvement in classical banking exposes banks to default risks. Excessive reserves appeared to be an important indicator of default as well. A special measure of liquidity creation was constructed. We found that high levels of liquidity creation increased the probability of bank failure. It is also worth mentioning that excessive liquidity creation put higher risks on a given bank in the crisis period. We can conclude that regulatory authorities should pay attention to high liquidity creators, especially in the group of small and medium-sized banks. We also found some evidence of an improvement in prudential regulation by the Bank of Russia. Separate models were estimated for the sample of 150 larger banks, which is more homogeneous and is of primary interest for the regulator. A number of variables, including the level of liquidity creation, turned out to be insignificant; however, high reserve values for possible losses still increase the probability of default to a large extent. Logistic panel regressions were also considered as an alternative specification.
The Characteristics of the Pelvic Floor Muscle Training Programs Used in Experimental Studies with Surface Electromyography in Non-Pregnant Women: A Systematic Review
Authors: PIERNICKA Magdalena , DUDA-BIERNACKA Barbara , BŁUDNICKA Monika , SZUMILEWICZ Anna
Published: June 2020

Background: We aimed to characterize the pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) programs for non-pregnant women used in the experimental studies with surface electromyography, based on the four training components: the frequency, intensity, time and type of exercises. Then, to characterize the study groups in which the PFMT programs were applied and the effectiveness of these programs.
Methods: This is a review of 29 papers published in the years 1986-2019, available in PubMed, MEDLINE and SPORTDiscus with Full Text databases. We used keywords: "pelvic floor", "muscle training" and "EMG or electromyography"
Results: Only in six articles all training components were characterized. The frequency was given in 17 papers, and on average it was 4 ± 2 (M ± SD) times a week. The intensity was described in nine reports, most often the maximal contraction of the pelvic floor muscles was recommended. Researchers conducted their interventions on average for 10 ± 5 weeks. The exercise sessions lasted 25’ ± 10.49’. Type of exercises was specified in eleven papers and most often quick flicks were performed. In 90% of the studies the training programs were applied in women with pelvic floor muscle dysfunctions. In most works positive effects of PFMT were observed. No adverse outcomes of the use of electromyography were reported.
Conclusion: The full training description should be presented in any scientific work, providing information on applied intensity, frequency, volume and type of pelvic floor muscle exercises to enable their replication and comparability between various interventions. It is important to pay more attention to preventive approach and the implementation of PFMT programs in healthy women. It is justified to use surface electromyography to support PFMT, regardless of health condition.
Methods for Prevention of Sexual Abuse among Adolescents: A Systematic Review
Authors: MOKHTARIAN GILANI Tahereh , SIMBAR Masoumeh , KARIMAN Nourossadat , MOKHTARIAN GILANI Tayebeh , BAZZAZIAN Shahin , GHIASVAND Malihe , HAJIESMAELLO Maryam , KAZEMI Samiyeh
Published: June 2020

Background: One of the serious health concerns is rape to adolescents. It is caused by unwanted behaviors through threats, force and physical pressure. The purpose of this study was to review rape in adolescents and methods for its prevention.
Methods: This systematic review study was conducted from 2000 to 2017 in the databases of PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and Scopus. The CONSORT was used to assess interventional studies. The evaluation of observational studies was performed using the STROBE tool by two researchers independently. Inclusion criteria were studies published from 2000 to 2017, in English languages, and on the samples of 10-20 yr old. Overall, 202 articles published from 2000 to 2017 in English languages were retrieved. Of them, 154 articles were excluded due to lack of inclusion criteria and 38 articles were deleted due to lack of quality And nonrelevance. Finally, 10 articles were selected.
Results: In the review of interventional studies, the prevalence of sexual harassment and sexual assault by the means of adolescents’ empowerment and education of self-defense techniques was significantly lower in the intervention group than the control group. In other non-interventional studies, there was a statistically significant relationship between the high level of knowledge and attitude of adolescents and the reduction of risk factors and sexual assault.
Conclusion: Promotion of awareness and attitudes through evidence-based interventions can prevent sexual abuse in adolescents. Appropriate education programs in schools and adolescent centers to adolescent students and their caregivers can promote healthy relationships and prevent sexual harassment.
Mechanism of miRNA-26a on the Proliferation of Pancreatic Tumor Cells by Regulating the Expression of Cycline2
Authors: HOU Xiaochun , XU Jian , HU Pei
Published: June 2020

Background: qRT-PCR was used to measure the expression of miRNA-26a in pancreatic epithelial cells (HPDE) and human pancreatic cancer cell lines PANC-1 and MIA PaCa-2.
Methods: PANC-1 and MIA PaCa-2 cell lines were infected with lentiviruses to construct PANC-miR-26a and MIA-miR-26a, and RT-PCR was used to detect the infection efficiency. The cell proliferation ability of PANC-miR-26a and MIA-miR-26a were examined by CCK-8 assay, and apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. Western blotting was used to detect the expressions of CyclinE2 protein and mitochondria-associated apoptotic proteins.
Results: miR-26a was expressed in human normal pancreatic epithelial cells (HPDE), and not detected in PANC-1 and MIA PaCa-2; miR-26a was highly expressed in the cell lines PANC-miR-26a and MIA-miR-26a infected by the virus particles. The absorbance values of PANC-miR-26a and MIA-miR-26a were lower than those of NC1 and PANC-1 in control group. The apoptosis rates of PANC-miR-26a and MIA-miR-26a were substantially higher than those of the control group. The overexpression of miR-26a inhibited the expression of the target protein CyclinE2 in PANC-miR-26a and MIA-miR-26a. The expression of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 was decreased in PANC-miR-26a and MIA-miR-26a, while the expression of the pro-apoptotic protein Bax was increased. Compared with HPDE, miR-26a was down-regulated in PANC-1 and MIA PaCa-2. After overexpression of miR-26a, the proliferation of PANC-1 and MIA PaCa-2 cell lines was weakened.
Conclusion: Molecular mechanism is the negative regulation of CyclinE2 by miR-26a as well as the expressions of downstream mitochondrial apoptosis proteins Bcl-2 and Bax.
Psychosocial effects of systemic sclerosis: A case report
Authors: Oksel Esra
Published: June 2020

“…Sit down. Look at the TV. Move slowly. Wait for death.”
Background & Aim: Systemic sclerosis or scleroderma is a rare chronic connective tissue disease included among autoimmune rheumatic diseases. The disease affects many organs and the organ system. It also has multiple effects on the patient’s individual life. In care management, in addition to the physical effects of the disease, its emotional, psychological, and social influences must also be considered and managed. The present study aimed to touch the psychosocial aspect of scleroderma and the unseen effects of the disease are presented over a case study.
Case Report: 52-year-old, female patient, married with two children. Her self-evaluation after the diagnosis of the disease, she explained that her physical state, social relationships, economic condition, domestic relations, and mood were affected by the disease negatively.
Conclusion: In managing psychosocial problems in nursing care, it is necessary to consider that each patient has different needs, perspectives on life, future expectations, and coping mechanisms. The present study reveals the unknown face scleroderma, its psychosocial effects, from a patient’s point of view.
The effects of psychological interventions on sexual function of women: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Kharaghani Roghieh , Khani Mina Esm , Mahmoodi Dangesaraki Marieh , Damghanian Maryam
Published: June 2020

Background & Aim: Despite expand using psychological interventions, there is no obvious evidence about the effects of them on sexual function. The study aimed to determine the effect of psychological interventions based on different approaches to the sexual function of women.
Methods & Materials: Pubmed, ISI, SCOPUS, EMBASE, Cochrane reviews, Science direct, SID, and Magiran were searched up to May 2019. Eligible studies were randomized controlled trials in which the effect of psychological interventions on the sexual function of women was assessed using the Female Sexual Function Index without any limitations based on age, ethnicity, language, and nationality. Two of the authors screened the titles/abstracts and obtained all full text of the candidate studies, independently. The quality of studies was assessed using the Cochrane checklist risk of bias. Meta-analysis performed via standardized mean differences with a randomeffects model using Review Manager Software (RevMan) version 5.3.
Results: Twenty-one studies with 1460 participants were included. The most effective psychological intervention was individual and group type (SMD=3.82; 95% CI, 2.56, 5.08; P<0.001) with cognitive approach (SMD=2.50; 95% CI, 1.06, 3.95; P<0.001), especially in women with no specific condition (SMD=2.17; 95% CI, 1.20-3.15; P<0.001). The effect of psychological interventions on sexual function increased from 1.48 in one month to 2.30 and 3.78 in two and three months after the intervention; however, it decreased to 1.43 in six months or more follows ups (all Ps<0.001). There was a significant change in all FSFI domains (all Ps<0.01).
Conclusion: Based on the results, individual and group psychological interventions using the cognitive approach and multidimensional therapies with long term follow-ups are suggested for the treatment of sexual dysfunction.
The correlation of communication skills and emotional expressions among nursing students in Turkey: A public university sample
Authors: Yıldırım Serap , Durgu Nihan , Özdeş Adile Büşra , Özdemir Nurgül
Published: June 2020

Background & Aim: Expressing emotions is very important both in interpersonal relationships and in the protection and maintenance of the individual's mental health. However, the individual must have certain skills to express his feelings healthily. The most important of these is communication skills. This research aimed to examine the correlation between communication skills and emotional expressions of nursing students.
Methods & Materials: This correlational study was conducted among nursing students at a public university faculty of nursing in Turkey between 2016 and 2017. Of the total of 1423 students, 632 nursing students were selected using the convenience sampling method. The Introductory Information Form, the Berkeley Expressivity Questionnaire, and the Communication Skills Scale were used to collect data. The Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis H, and Pearson correlation tests were used for the analysis of the data.
Results: The mean total Berkeley Expressivity Questionnaire score of the students was found to be 79.45±10.11, and the mean total score of the Communication Skills Scale was 97.67±11.20. Emotional expressions are affected by gender, marital status, class, income level, family structure, the residence where they have lived the longest, place of residence, and working status (p≤0.05, p<0.01). It was found that there was a positive-directed correlation between students' emotional expressions and communication skills (p<0.01).
Conclusion: It was concluded that communication skills and some sociodemographic characteristics of nursing students are correlated with their emotional expressions.
Continuing professional development: Awareness, attitude, facilitators, and barriers among nurses in the Philippines
Authors: Sobrepeña Palma Julie Anne Faye , Flores Oducado Ryan Michael , Palma Bonna Sobrepeña
Published: June 2020

Background & Aim: Mandatory Continuing Professional Development (CPD) remains to be an issue among nurses. The relatively new implementation of the CPD Act in the Philippines has led to varying perceptions and oppositions that warrant exploration. This study aimed to determine the awareness, attitude, facilitators, and barriers to CPD among hospital nurses in the Philippines.
Methods & Materials: This study employed a descriptive, cross-sectional survey design with 237 randomly selected nurses in tertiary hospitals in Iloilo City, Philippines. Self-administered instruments were used to gather self-report data. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, ttest, ANOVA, and Pearson’s r.
Results: Results indicated that nurses were moderately aware of the CPD law (M=2.31; SD=.31), were positive about the importance of CPD (M=3.91; SD=.72) but were ambivalent toward CPD implementation (M=5.98; SD=2.01). Attitude toward CPD importance significantly differed (p=.000) across age group. Awareness of CPD law (p=.000) and attitude toward the importance of CPD (p=.000) were significantly related to their attitude toward the implementation of CPD. Awareness that CPD is a requirement for license renewal (90.7%), knowledge that it can help improve skills at work (78.9%), and sponsorship from the organization (62%) were considered the major facilitators while cost (98.75%), not available to all staff (61.6%), and time-related factors (60.3%) were the major barriers to CPD participation.
Conclusion: Along with current efforts to strengthen CPD in the country, it is hoped that identification of knowledge gaps and addressing the barriers may lead to better understanding, acceptance, and participation of nurses to mandatory CPD.
A FEMININE OF NO ONE’S OWN IN CHARLOTTE TÁBUA RASA
Authors: Madeiros Eider , Schuler Letícia Simões Velloso , Ramalho Mariana Pinheiro , Rodrigues Hermano de França
Published: June 2020

This paper aims to essay an open and constructive dialogue between the very rupture that the trans female body evokes and the recent concept of “feminine of no one”, through an inductive approach that the latter could make it possible to be kept in a state of infiniteness, of openness, of incompleteness, of non-wholeness, the aspect that characterizes the surrounding and expressive territories of each one of the specific bodies that allow themselves to be situated more leaned onto the feminine. Based on the contributions of Bento (2008), Jorge and Travassos (2018), from the brief precepts of Lacanian psychoanalysis, and on an interview with Leonardo Valente, the author of Charlotte Tábua Rasa (2016), we intend to discuss insofar how the body of a trans woman in a Brazilian politics fictional scenario would be able to draw the difficult boundaries on the discourses, possessions and the domains of language between the self and the other towards the trans-sexualities which dedicate their efforts to reinscriptions and the fissures that are celebrated through the transgressive resilience of the feminine.
O perenemente transitório em saúde mental
Authors: Junqueira Lilian Claúdia Ulian , Scorsolini-Comin Fabio
Published: June 2020

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Relação entre fatores do neurodesenvolvimento e a elaboração escrita em crianças do ensino fundamental
Authors: Fernandes Angela Cristina Pontes , Santos Marielle Martins , Zuanetti Patrícia Aparecida , Hamad Ana Paula Andrade
Published: June 2020

O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar se as habilidades cognitivas de controle executivo e visuoespacial se relacionam a desempenho prejudicado na elaboração da escrita em crianças do ensino fundamental, com queixa escolar (comportamental ou de aprendizagem). Foram analisados 70 prontuários de crianças de 6 a 10 anos, atendidas em ambulatório especializado, de 2013 a 2018. Desse total, foram consideradas 40 crianças, as quais foram divididas em dois grupos, com e sem dificuldade na elaboração escrita. Coletaram-se dados de caracterização, desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor, intervenções prévias e desempenho na avaliação neuropsicológica quanto às habilidades de controle executivo e visuoespaciais. A regressão logística com o LASSO foi utilizada na avaliação estatística. Os resultados sugerem uma relação positiva entre o histórico de integridade da linguagem/desenvolvimento da leitura e a construção coerente da narrativa e, a experiência escolar como variavél importante no processo de aprimoramento do nível de coerência escrita. A variável não linguística (habilidade visuoespacial) não se mostrou diretamente associada ao processamento da escrita.
Los inversores en energías renovables en España: litigiosidad y nuevo marco retributivo
Authors: Leiva López Alejandro D.
Published: June 2020

En el presente trabajo se examinan los pronunciamientos de los tribunales y cortes de arbitraje internacionales en relación con las modificaciones a la baja del régimen de ayudas a las energías renovables que han tenido lugar en España durante los años 2013 y 2014. Esto permite entender la situación en la que se encuentran los inversores que vieron frustradas sus expectativas de rentabilidad, quienes solo han logrado obtener pronunciamientos estimatorios de sus pretensiones indemnizatorias de órganos de arbitraje internacionales. En este contexto, se ofrece un análisis del nuevo régimen retributivo aprobado a través del Real Decreto-ley 17/2019 y de sus posibles implicaciones sobre las decisiones futuras de los inversores en energías renovables en España.
La administración electrónica y sus repercusiones en la contratación pública
Authors: Amado Juan Camilo
Published: June 2020

La administración electrónica se ha consolidado como un sistema que, conjugando soluciones novedosas y estratégicas, permite la modernización constante de las administraciones públicas a nivel mundial. El uso de medios electrónicos por parte de la Administración ya no es un proceder exótico, sino una circunstancia que la beneficia ampliamente en el cumplimiento de los fines estatales y, sobre todo, en la realización de los principios de eficiencia, eficacia y transparencia que deben orientar el desarrollo de sus funciones. Esas virtudes de la administración electrónica tienen especiales implicaciones en el terreno de la contratación estatal, básicamente, en aras de facilitar a las entidades estatales la publicación de los actos emitidos en procesos contractuales y a los particulares la participación en dichos procesos.
Uwagi o celach wykonywania kary pozbawienia wolności po nowelizacji kodeksu karnego z 13 czerwca 2019 roku
Authors: Stępniak Piotr
Published: June 2020

The article is devoted to the consequences of the subsequent amendment of the Penal Code of 13 June 2019 for regulations in the Executive Penal Code. The author analyzes the adequacy of the purpose of executing the penalty of deprivation of liberty, as set out in Art. 67(1) of the Penal Code to the life sentence imprisonment introduced by the amendment without conditional early release from prison, as well as to raise the upper limit of the so-called ordinary imprisonment up to 30 years. In his view, the text of this provision should be changed. Its maintenance will deepen the already great legal chaos. However, the problem discussed in the article is how to change it, and whether it is possible to replace it with any other meaningful content after this amendment. In the end, the author concludes that social rehabilitation as the goal of penitentiary interactions after amendment will eventually become a dead concept.
Krajowy Mechanizm Prewencji Tortur w oczach funkcjonariuszy Służby Więziennej
Authors: Lasocik Zbigniew , Męzik Anna
Published: June 2020

The purpose of this study is to present the results of research conducted among officers and employees of the Prison Service regarding the knowledge and opinions of representatives of this professional group on the National Mechanism for the Prevention of Torture (hereinafter also KMPT, Mechanism).
Rozmiary i zróżnicowanie populacji więziennej w Polsce w okresie obowiązywania ustawodawstwa karno-wykonawczego z 1997 roku
Authors: Nawój-Śleszyński Aldona
Published: June 2020

The size of the prison population, its size and dynamics understood as the develop-mental tendency of this phenomenon over a specific period of time as well as its structure, has a high cognitive value related to the punitive nature of the criminal justice system. It also serves to assess the values of the penitentiary system, and in particular to implement in practice the guiding principle of the execution of the penalty of deprivation of liberty, which is the principle of individualization. The study presents extensive statistical data on this problem from 1997 to the present.
Wykonywanie kary ograniczenia wolności przez zawodowego kuratora sądowego — ewolucja czy rewolucja? Rozważania w świetle 20 lat obowiązywania kodeksu karnego wykonawczego
Authors: Niewiadomska-Krawczyk Magdalena
Published: June 2020

The study focuses on the issues of the professional participation of a court-appoint-ed guardian for adults in the process of executing the penalty of restriction of liberty. The changes in the process of executing the penalty of restriction of liberty that have taken place over the last 20 years raise the following questions to which the answer should be found. How have the duties of a professional probation officer changed related to the execution of the penalty of restriction of liberty? What impact did the individual amend-ments to the Criminal Code and the Executive Penal Code of 1997 have on the tasks of a probation officer related to the execution of the restriction of liberty?
Comparação dos graus de fibrose hepática na hepatite C crônica (HCC) medidos por métodos de elastrografia e de sorologia: ARFI e Fibroscan vs APRI e FIB4
Authors: Mello Flavia Siqueira Furtado , Lima José Milton de Castro , Hyppolito Elodie Bomfim , Lima Rodrigo Vieira Costa , Rolim Flávio Esmeraldo , Pinho Cibele Silveira , Costa Jesus Irajacy Fernandes da
Published: June 2020

Para tratar a hepatite C crônica (HCC) deve-se conhecer o grau de fibrose hepática, cuja melhor determinação obtém-se por biopsia hepática. Contudo, métodos não-invasivos elastográficos e sorológicos têm sido preferidos. Objetivos: Comparar a concordância entre dois métodos elastográficos e dois sorológicos. Metodologia: Entre janeiro/2014-dezembro/2016 selecionamos portadores de HCC estadiados por FibroScan ou ARFI. Seus graus fibróticos foram agrupados (F0/F1; F2/F3/F4) e comparados aos graus fibróticos calculados laboratorialmente por APRI e FIB4 e agrupados (F0/F1; F2/F3/F4). Comparamos, FibroScan com APRI, FibroScan com FIB-4, ARFI com APRI, ARFI com FIB-4 e APRI com FIB4. Análises: concordância Kappa. Resultados: 73 pacientes (54 masculinos); idade média: 58 anos (32–81), estadeados por FibroScan (31) e ARFI (42). Para comparações, calculou-se APRI e FIB4. Entre FibroScan e APRI ou FIB4 há melhor concordância em graus fibróticos acentuados (grupo F2/F3/F4). APRI e FIB4 subestimaram a fibrose em relação ao FibroScan. ARFI comparado a APRI e FIB4 mostrou pobre concordância. Concordância entre ARFI e APRI é melhor em graus fibróticos baixos (grupo F0/F1) e é ausente em graus elevados (grupo F2/F3/F4). O FIB4 superestima a fibrose em relação ao ARFI. Conclusão: A concordância entre métodos sorológicos e elastográficos varia desde a ausente de concordância até concordância moderada.
El futuro de las ciudades digitales: retos, oportunidades y prospectivas
Authors: Degli Esposti Piergiorgio , Ciofalo Giovanni
Published: June 2020

El objetivo de esta contribución es definir y analizar el concepto de Smart City a la luz de las evoluciones tecnológicas que las ciudades contemporáneas incorporan progresivamente y de acuerdo a los principales aportes teóricos en el campo sociológico. El impacto de las tecnologías digitales está transformando gradualmente nuestras formas de relacionarnos dentro de varios contextos de referencia, no siendo menos importante la ciudad como lugar de producción y consumo. Vivimos cada vez más contextos híbridos, físicos y digitales en los que se forman caminos en diverso sentido derivados de la coexistencia en dos espacios, caminos que llevan a muchos a interpretar cómo el concepto de realidad en sí mismo se enriquece hoy por las oportunidades que ofrece el mundo digital (y viceversa), que fluyen en la dirección de la realidad aumentada, por un lado, y del brick and click, por el otro.
Techo de cristal ¿o suelo de granito? Pautas educativas y laborales de las mujeres en España en el siglo XXI
Authors: Palacios Gómez José Luis
Published: June 2020

En este trabajo se tematiza la llamada “hipótesis del techo de cristal”, que sostiene que los niveles de desempeño y de salario de las mujeres están limitados artificialmente por razón de sexo, en vez de corresponder a sus preferencias a la hora de escoger su formación y orientarse laboralmente con arreglo a sus intereses y a la autopercepción competencial. Se muestran conjuntamente los comportamientos educativos y ocupacionales de la población española de ambos sexos durante los dos últimos decenios, poniéndose de relieve que en uno y otro caso ofrecen una estructura estable y consistente que difícilmente puede atribuirse a una imposición exógena determinante.
Ideology in Advertising: Some Implications for Transcreation into Arabic
Authors: Al-Omar Nibras
Published: June 2020

Abstract: Ideology has a twofold sense in advertising. One is general and aims to standardize the consumers' needs and traits by globalized means to persuade them to buy the products. The other is specific whereby the advertisement campaigns can introduce, reinforce and /or challenge some ideological values as of politics, religion, race and gender. To sell globally, advertisements are translated into other languages. This requires adjusting the ideological values to the Target Language (TL) audience. When the ideological dimension of the TL is given priority, transcreation, instead of translation per se, becomes the best choice. Unlike the traditional translator who is expected to be faithful to the Source Language (SL), the transcreator should always maintain proximity to the TL ideology so as to avoid unwanted sensitivities of the TL audience and should adopt creative ideas in order to achieve resonance in the TL. The present paper aims to investigate the implications of advertising ideology for transcreation into Arabic. The global advertisement campaigners seem to be aware that Arabic and Islam represent a unified ideology represented in values of national identity, politics and gender. Most transcreation of these campaigns have achieved both proximity to the TL audience and creativity of ideas that do not clash with the ideological status quo in the Arab World. But despite the laudable reputation of transcreation nowadays in the Translation Studies literature as the best strategy of advertisement translation, it looks like it cannot escape the twofold sense of ideology in those texts. While it does embrace diversity of ideological values of SL and TL, an advertisement campaign transcreation is unable to outbalance the general and more solid ideology of standardizing the consumers' needs and motives.
Qualitative and Quantitative Evaluation of Active Constituents in Callus of Lavandula angustifolia plant in Vitro
Authors: Salman et al. Zainab
Published: June 2020

This study was conducted to describe a protocol for the callus establishing culture of Lavandula angustifolia plant and estimating their content of volatile oil. The quantity of volatile oil callus tissues was compared with that of leaves production. Callus was induced from leaf explants on Murashige and Skoog medium (MS) supplemented with Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and Benzyl adenine (BA) in different concentrations. Maximum callus fresh weight was obtained in the combination of 10 mg/L BA and 3 mg/L NAA which reached 18 g after four weeks. The results of this work showed that the  quantity of volatile oil from the highest fresh weight callus was 6 ml compared with quantity of 18g of leaves which gave 0.5 ml. Volatile oil of leaf and callus extracts were analyzed using gas chromatography mass spectrometry method (GC-MS) which showed linoleic acid (56.61%) and oleic acid (57.93%) as main components.
Preparation of Nanoparticles in an Eco- friendly Method using Thyme Leaf Extracts
Authors: Rakaa et al. Jomana
Published: June 2020

Colloidal silver nanoparticles were prepared by single step green synthesis using aqueous extracts of the leaves of thyme as a function of different molar concentration of AgNO3 (1,2,3,4 mM(. The Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), UV-Visible and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to characterize the resultant AgNPs. The surface Plasmon resonance was observed at wavelength of 444 nm. The four intensive peaks of XRD pattern indicate the crystalline nature and the face centered cubic structure of the AgNPs. The average crystallite size of the AgNPs ranged from 18 to 22 nm. The FESEM image illustrated the well dispersion of the AgNPs and the spherical shape of the nanoparticles with a particle size distribution between 13 to 50 nm.
Splitting the One-Dimensional Wave Equation. Part I: Solving by Finite-Difference Method and Separation Variables
Authors: Hussein Shilan Othman
Published: June 2020

In this study, an unknown force function dependent on the space in the wave equation is investigated. Numerically wave equation splitting in two parts, part one using the finite-difference method (FDM). Part two using separating variables method. This is the continuation and changing technique for solving inverse problem part in (1,2). Instead, the boundary element method (BEM) in (1,2), the finite-difference method (FDM) has applied. Boundary data are in the role of overdetermination data. The second part of the problem is inverse and ill-posed, since small errors in the extra boundary data cause errors in the force solution. Zeroth order of Tikhonov regularization, and several parameters of regularization are employed to decrease errors for output force solution. It is obvious from figures how error affects the results and zeroth order stables the solution.
Using Evolving Algorithms to Cryptanalysis Nonlinear Cryptosystems
Authors: Jawad Riyam Noori , Ali Faez Hassan
Published: June 2020

In this paper, new method have been investigated using evolving algorithms (EA's) to cryptanalysis one of the nonlinear stream cipher cryptosystems which depends on the Linear Feedback Shift Register (LFSR) unit by using cipher text-only attack. Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) which are used for attacking one of the nonlinear cryptosystems called "shrinking generator" using different lengths of cipher text and different lengths of combined LFSRs. GA and ACO proved their good performance in finding the initial values of the combined LFSRs. This work can be considered as a warning for a stream cipher designer to avoid the weak points, which may be found in the stream cipher, and may be explored by the cryptanalysts. This work can find the optimal solution for text with minimum lengths of 20 characters and 100 iteration were very enough to find the real initial values of key stream.
The Oral Microbiome and Salivary Proteins Influence Caries in Children aged 6 to 8 years
Authors: Chen Wang , Jiang Qian , Yan GuoWei , Yang DeQin
Published: June 2020

Background: Oral microbiome and salivary proteins play a critical role in the occurrence and development of caries. In this study, we used metagenomic and metaproteomic analyses to explore the microbiological and proteinic biomarkers and investigate the etiology of caries in 6-8 years old children. Our study aims to offer a better comprehension of these factors and the relationship with caries, and these findings might facilitate caries risk assessment and provide a basis for future prevention strategies.Methods: Children six to eight years old living in rural isolated areas including 40 caries-active subjects and 40 caries-free subjects were recruited. Supragingival plaque and unstimulated saliva were collected for 16S rDNA pyrosequencing and isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) technique coupled with quantitative nano-flow liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(LC-MS/MS), respectively. Results: We found 6 phyla and 13 genera predominant in all the samples, and differences in relative abundances can be observed. The Alpha diversity analysis demonstrated that the richness and diversity of the bacterial communities were similar between children with caries-free and caries-active groups; LEfSe detected differences in the bacterial community including Dialister, Selenomonas, Actinomyces, and Mogibacterium in the caries-active group (P<0.05) and Capnocytophaga, Fusobacterium, Desulfuromonadales, Haemophilus, and Porphyromonas in the caries-free group(P<0.05). The core microbiome was defined as 18 predominant genera in children with caries. The results of the salivary proteome identified 9135 unique peptides and 1662 proteins group from 20 salivary samples. Two hundred fifty-eight proteins were differentially expressed between the caries-free and caries-active groups.Conclusions: The diversity of the microbial community has little effect on caries but some bacteria with different relative abundance between the caries-active and caries-free group could be considered as potential biomarkers for children with caries. In addition, as a critical host factor of caries, the salivary proteins are different in caries-free and caries-active groups.
Relationship between aspirin use of esophageal, gastric and colorectal cancer patient survival: a meta-analysis
Authors: Lin Juli , Lin Jian-xian , Zheng Chao-hui , Li Ping , Xie Jian-wei , Wang Jia-bin , Lu Jun , Chen Qi-yue , Cao Long-Long , Lin Mi , Huang Chang-ming
Published: June 2020

Background: Many studies have found that use of aspirin can lengthen survival in patients with gastrointestinal cancer. The aim of this study was to assess the survival benefit of aspirin use compared with non-aspirin use for patients with esophageal, gastric or colorectal cancer. Methods : We searched online databases, including PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Embase and www.clinicaltrials.gov for studies that were conducted,, before April 30th, 2020, to identify relevant studies. Overall survival and cancer-specific survival of esophageal, gastric and colorectal cancers among aspirin users were compared with those among non-aspirin users. Data extraction and quality evaluation were independently conducted by 2 investigators. A meta-analysis was performed to calculate the pooled risk ratios (RRs) for overall survival and cancer-specific survival by using either a fixed-effects model or a random-effects model. Results : A total of 18 studies were included in this meta-analysis, with more than 74,936 patients. There were no significant differences between postdiagnosis aspirin use and overall survival for esophageal and gastric cancers. For colorectal cancer, a benefit that was associated with postdiagnosis aspirin use was observed for overall survival and cancer-specific survival [HR= 0.83, 95%CI(0.75, 0.9.);HR= 0.78, 95%CI(0.66, 0.92), respectively. However, a prediagnosis of aspirin use did not provide a benefit for overall or cancer-specific survival in colorectal cancer. HR values for overall and cancer-specific survival benefits for colorectal cancer associated with both prediagnosis and postdiagnosis aspirin were as follows: HR=0.75，95%CI(0.61, 0.92) and HR=0.78, 95%CI(0.73, 0.85), respectively. In addition, the survival benefit of postdiagnosis aspirin use appeared to be confined to patients with mutated PIK3CA tumors [HR= 0.78, 95%CI(0.50, 0.99)] and was positive for PTGS2 (COX-2) expression [HR= 0.75, 95%CI(0.43, 1.30)]. Conclusions: These findings provide further indications that postdiagnosis aspirin use improves overall survival and cancer-specific survival in colorectal cancer, especially for patients who are positive for PTGS2 (COX-2) expression and PIK3CA-mutated tumors. However, aspirin therapy does not improve overall survival in esophageal and gastric cancers, although the meta-analysis was mainly limited to retrospective studies.
Clients’ satisfaction with malaria in pregnancy preventive services in Anambra State, Nigeria
Authors: Obagha Chijioke Emmanuel , Ajayi IkwOluwakpo , Abdullahi Gobir A. , Umeokonkwo Chukwuma David
Published: June 2020

Introduction: Burden of Malaria in pregnancy (MIP) is still high despite availability of proven cost-effective interventions. Considerable progress has been made on improving antenatal attendance, but MIP preventive services utilization remains low. Factors responsible for this include dissatisfaction with the services provided. We assessed clients’ satisfaction with preventative services for malaria during pregnancy delivered at antenatal clinics (ANC) in Anambra State Nigeria.Method: We conducted a cross-sectional study among 284 pregnant women attending ANC using multistage sampling technique. Pre-tested semi-structured interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect information on socio-demographics, knowledge of malaria in pregnancy services and satisfaction with services. Responses to questions on satisfaction was on a 5-point Likert scale. A cut off of ≥75% of composite score was used to classify respondents as satisfied. For knowledge, every correct answer was scored 1 and incorrect 0; ≥75% of the composite score was graded as good knowledge. Chi square and logistic regression were used to test for association between client satisfaction and independent variables. Results: The mean age of participants is 28 years±4.4 years. Overall, 62.2% were satisfied with quality of preventive services for malaria during pregnancy. However, 64.8% and 57.8% were dissatisfied with cost of healthcare and interpersonal relationship with the health workers (HWs). Majority of the respondents (88.73%) had poor knowledge of malaria preventive services during pregnancy. Type of facility (Adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 2.11; 95%CI: 1.20-3.71) and knowledge (aOR: 0.41; 95%CI: 0.18 – 0.90) were independently associated with satisfaction with interpersonal relationship. Type of facility (aOR: 0.47; 95%CI: 0.27-0.80) and employment status (aOR: 3.07; 95%CI: 1.39 -6.74) were also independently associated with satisfaction with cost of healthcare. Conclusion: A fair proportion of respondents were satisfied with the preventive services for malaria during pregnancy provided even though most were dissatisfied with the cost of assessing care and interpersonal relationship with health workers. Uninterrupted availability of long lasting insecticide treated bed nets and intermittent preventive treatment for malaria at all health facilities, subsidized cost of malaria-related commodities, and incentives for good customer satisfaction ratings may remediate the described barriers to seeking preventative care for malaria during pregnancy.
Comparison of the cytoplastic genomes by resequencing: insights into the genetic diversity and the phylogeny of the agriculturally important genus Brassica
Authors: Qiao Jiangwei , Zhang Xiaojun , Chen Biyun , Huang Fei , Xu Kun , Huang Qian , Huang Yi , Hu Qiong , Wu Xiaoming
Published: June 2020

Background: The genus Brassica mainly comprises three diploid and three recently derived allotetraploid species, most of which are highly important vegetable, oil or ornamental crops cultivated worldwide. Despite being extensively studied, the origination of B. napus and certain detailed interspecific relationships within Brassica genus remains undetermined and somewhere confused. In the current high-throughput sequencing era, a systemic comparative genomic study based on a large population is necessary and would be crucial to resolve these questions. Results: The chloroplast DNA and mitochondrial DNA were synchronously resequenced in a selected set of Brassica materials, which contain 72 accessions and maximally integrated the known Brassica species. The Brassica genomewide cpDNA and mtDNA variations have been identified. Detailed phylogenetic relationships inside and around Brassica genus have been delineated by the cpDNA- and mtDNA- variation derived phylogenies. Different from B. juncea and B. carinata, the natural B. napus contains three major cytoplasmic haplotypes: the cam-type which directly inherited from B. rapa, polima-type which is close to cam-type as a sister, and the mysterious but predominant nap-type. Certain sparse C-genome wild species might have primarily contributed the nap-type cytoplasm and the corresponding C subgenome to B. napus, implied by their con-clustering in both phylogenies. The strictly concurrent inheritance of mtDNA and cpDNA were dramatically disturbed in the B. napus cytoplasmic male sterile lines (e.g., mori and nsa). The genera Raphanus, Sinapis, Eruca, Moricandia show a strong parallel evolutional relationships with Brassica. Conclusions: The overall variation data and elaborated phylogenetic relationships provide further insights into genetic understanding of Brassica, which can substantially facilitate the development of novel Brassica germplasms.