bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGGUNAAN APLIKASI TIK TOK (VERSI TERBARU) DAN KREATIVITAS ANAK
Authors: Buana Tri , Maharani Dwi
Published: April 2023

This research entitled of Use Tik Tok Application (New Version) And Children’sCreativity. The purpose of this study was to determine the creativity of children aged 8-12 years.Tik tok social media is a social network and Chinese music video platform launched in September2016. Creativity refers to the abilities that characterize a creative person. The application allowsusers to create their own short music videos. The theory used in this research is the Social Cognitivetheory developed by Albert Bandura and the Implementation of Creativity Theory developed byWallas. The research method used in this study is a qualitative method with a descriptive approach,using data collection methods by means of interviews, observation and documentation. The locationof this research is located at Jalan Jendral Ahmad Yani No.1375, Plaju, South Sumatra. Theinformants in this study consisted of main informants and supporting informants. The maininformants in this study were Sakha Ibadil Qiram and Naura as Content Creators, along withKhanaya Azzahra Salsabilla as active users of the Tik Tok application. Based on the results of thestudy, it was concluded that tik tok as a recreation and a medium for children to explore themselvesand think creatively and as a child entertainer
Multivorious Sucking Insects and Mites Pests of Vegetables and Melons in Open and Covered Ground in Uzbekistan
Authors: Baltaev B.
Published: April 2023

To obtain a high yield of these crops, it is necessary to conduct skillful science-based pest control. For the effective implementation of protective measures, it is necessary to know the species composition, the annual cycle of development, the conditions that promote and suppress the development of pests and pathogens, their harmfulness, methods and means of combating them. Melon and pumpkin vegetable crops are damaged by polyphagous sucking pests that also parasitize other crops. The most common of them are melon aphid, whitefly, spider mite, tobacco thrips, bedbugs.
Infectious Rotavirus and Coronavirus of Calves
Authors: Zeynalova Sh. , Abbasov V.
Published: April 2023

Recently, some progress has been made in the study of bacterial and viral infectious diseases of calves. However, as effective systems and methods are put in place to control these diseases, other new emerging diseases will also become important. Among diseases of the neonatal period in calves, diarrhea, which causes significant economic damage, is one of the main problems in cattle breeding. Calves diarrhea is divided into two groups: infectious and non-infectious. Diarrhea of infectious origin is mainly caused by Escherichia coli, Salmonella sp., Campylobacter sp., Clostridium perfringens type C, Rotavirus, Coronavirus, Parvovirus, Astrovirus, Calicivirus, Breda virus, Cryptosporidium, Coccidia, Giardia and Neoascaris vitulorum. During field studies, it was found that 75-95% of infectious diarrhea in calves is caused by enterotoxic Escherichia coli, rotaviruses, coronaviruses, cryptosporidium, including 27-36% rotaviruses, 20-26% coronaviruses. These diseases are often registered in livestock farms of the republic of Azerbaijan and cause the death of newborn calves.
Penerapan Relaksasi Benson Untuk Menurunkan Nyeri Pada Pasien Dengan Post Operasi Sectio Caesarea
Authors: Naili Nila Khoirun , Prasetyorini Heny
Published: April 2023

Operasi caesar dilakukan untuk memfasilitasi kelahiran seperti masalah kesehatan ibu dan janin. Prosedur, operasi dapat menyebabkan ketidaknyamanan dan mengubah kontinuitas jaringan. Nyeri merupakan pengalaman sensorik cedera jaringan, yang dialami oleh individu. Dua metode manajemen nyeri adalah farmakologi dan nonfarmakologis. Relaksasi Benson merupakan perpaduan antara teknik relaksasi dan sistem perawatan relaksasi nonfarmakologis yang mudah dilakukan dan tidak perlu biaya (Faith Factor). Relaksasi ini sebagian besar berfokus pada frasa tertentu yang diulang dengan irama teratur dan sikap pasrah. Tujuan penelitian: menerapankan relaksasi Benson untuk mengurangi tingkat nyeri pada pasien post Sectio Caesarea. Metode: studi kasus ini menerapkan teknik relaksasi Benson sebagai pendekatan asuhan keperawatan pada pasien post operasi SC yang mengalami nyeri. Responden sesuai  kriteria inklusi yaitu pasien post operasi sectio caesarea yang kontrol rutin di Puskesmas Pringapus, pasien post op hari ke-2, pasien post operasi sectio caesarea dengan tingkat nyeri ringan dan sedang (skala 1-6), dan pasien post Operasi Sectio caesarea pada usia reproduksi yaitu (20-35 tahun). Hasil : setelah diberikan terapi relaksasi benson terjadi penurunan skala nyeri dari 6 menjadi skala 3 pada pasien I dan skala 5 menjadi skala 2 pada pasien II. Kesimpulan: ada pengaruhi pemberian terapi Benson terhadap tingkat nyeri pasien post operasi sectio caesarea.
Empirical knowledge of the organizational and economic orientations (basis) of the current legal system of land and natural use in Ukraine (emphasis on the agricultural sector)
Authors: Kovaliv O.
Published: April 2023

An analysis and synthesis of ecological, socio-economic and normative-legal aspects as factors of objectivity and subjectivity of land-nature use, which are based on the laws of inanimate and living nature and society and are fully consistent with the current norms of the Constitution of Ukraine, has been carried out. It has been proven that economic and legal relations in Ukraine require the urgent construction of a constitutionally motivated system of economic approach to the process of land and nature use, primarily for the benefit of its citizens. It has been established that a special approach is required to model relations in relation to the use of renewable natural resources, which include soils, animal life, microbiota, solar, wind and other energy, atmosphere, hydrosphere, terrestrial vegetation and other natural resources. The main empirical knowledge based on the analysis and synthesis of socio-economic and normative-legal aspects of the balanced use of natural objects of property rights of the Ukrainian people, especially in the agricultural sphere, which are based on the laws of inanimate and living nature and society and are fully consistent with the current norms of the Constitution of Ukraine, are summarized. The necessary and sufficient set of fundamental scientific and theoretical aspects as the basis of organizational and economic guidelines for balanced nature management as a result of land reform in Ukraine as a new paradigm has been formulated.
Modern technologies for improving data management processes – pilot studies among polish and ukrainian companies
Authors: Nesterak J. , Malinovska O. , Vysochanska M.
Published: April 2023

The article analyzes modern technologies for improving data management processes — pilot studies among Polish and Ukrainian enterprises. The main elements of the effective implementation of business analytics solutions have been determined, which involves certain points, in particular, the first point is a vision of the needs of the enterprise in terms of how to use analytics. The second important element is the creation of an appropriate ecosystem that will collect data generated both internally and externally. In this matter, the elements responsible for building a suitable test environment, as well as increasing the value of the collected data, are important. The next component is the development of appropriate modeling solutions that use the collected data. Here, the use of linear and non-linear modeling for the purpose of obtaining new knowledge, or the codification and testing of heuristics in the company, plays an important role. Research was conducted in the part of the questionnaire regarding the use of modern technologies at the respondent’s workplace. It has been proven that Polish students of the Faculty of Accounting and Controlling of the University of Economics in Krakow compared to students of other faculties had a much better knowledge of the concepts that are the subject of the study. This indicates a well-designed training program in this field that meets the needs of the modern economic world. As part of their studies, these students study several practical subjects where they are taught new analytical and information technologies.
Analytical assessment of self-sowed forests in Ukraine
Authors: Gorodnucha A.
Published: April 2023

It was determined that the need to increase the forest resource potential and increase the efficiency of forestry production forces us to look for more rational scientific and methodological approaches to the use of forests. Of course, for this it is necessary to have reliable information about the existing state of the forest cover of the territory. It is known that statistical data on the area of the country’s forest fund take into account only the area of forests located on the lands of forestry purpose and do not contain information on unaccounted for forests on the lands of agricultural purpose. Self-seeded forests in Ukraine are a fairly common phenomenon that can significantly influence the increase in the country’s forest cover. Currently, the very concept of “self-seeding forest” is not legally defined, and it is not clear how to most effectively use this phenomenon for the good of society from an economic and ecological perspective. That is why it is necessary to determine how widespread self-seeded forests are on the territory of the country and which areas are in question. Taking into account the current trends in the development of technologies for remote sensing of the Earth, an analytical assessment of self-seeded forests in Ukraine was carried out. Analytical assessment consists in the comparison of space images from the Public Cadastral Map of Ukraine and space observation data (RSE — remote sensing of the earth). The photos revealed that large areas of agricultural land are covered with forests and have not been used for their intended purpose for several decades. As a result of the research, a graphic method of determining the area of self-seeded forests was developed and a regularity was established in the change in the coefficients of forest cover and agricultural development of the territory, taking into account the area of self-seeded forests. To visually present the results of the graphic method of determining the area of self-seeded forests, the 2007 cadastral plan of land accounting of CAE (collective agricultural enterprise) “Sosnivske” was used. According to the data of the remote sensing of the land and the data of the Public Cadastral Map, significant areas of self-seeded forests were found on the territory of CAE “Sosnivske”, which were formed during the period 2007–2021.
ECOLOGICAL AND ECONOMIC BASICS OF BALANCED BEEKEEPING DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Drebot O. , Vysochanska M.
Published: April 2023

The article analyzes the ecological and economic foundations of the balanced development of beekeeping. It was determined that the increase in the amount of Ukrainian honey exports in 2020 is explained by the presence of shadow turnover of honey products in Ukraine and the increase in sunflower acreage. Ways to achieve high competitiveness and efficiency of operation of honey-producing enterprises: export of honey mainly as raw materials; lack of state support for the development of beekeeping. It is substantiated that with the pace of time and the development of society regarding the issue of beekeeping, as well as industrial society, the use of a significant amount of pesticides and agrochemicals by agricultural enterprises and agricultural holdings, the use of genetically modified organisms, etc., everything leads to the destruction of bees. In some regions, in general, extinction is observed both in Ukraine and outside the country. It has been proven that a feature of the territorial placement of beekeeping is that bees do not tolerate an unfavorable ecological environment, and at the same time they are in a certain way measures of its condition. Within the spatial limits of existence, bees can adapt to unfavorable living conditions, but at the same time, the danger of substances harmful to the human body getting into beekeeping products increases.
Molecular imaging research in atherosclerosis: A 23-year scientometric and visual analysis
Authors: Pan Juhong , Chen Yueying , Hu Yugang , Wang Hao , Chen Wenwei , Zhou Qing
Published: April 2023

Background: Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases are major global health problems, and the main cause is atherosclerosis. Recently, molecular imaging has been widely employed in the diagnosis and therapeutic applications of a variety of diseases, including atherosclerosis. Substantive facts have announced that molecular imaging has broad prospects in the early diagnosis and targeted treatment of atherosclerosis.

Objective: We conducted a scientometric analysis of the scientific publications over the past 23 years on molecular imaging research in atherosclerosis, so as to identify the key progress, hotspots, and emerging trends.

Methods: Original research and reviews regarding molecular imaging in atherosclerosis were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection database. Microsoft Excel 2021 was used to analyze the main findings. CiteSpace, VOSviewer, and a scientometric online platform were used to perform visualization analysis of the co-citation of journals and references, co-occurrence of keywords, and collaboration between countries/regions, institutions, and authors.

Results: A total of 1755 publications were finally included, which were published by 795 authors in 443 institutions from 59 countries/regions. The United States was the top country in terms of the number and centrality of publications in this domain, with 810 papers and a centrality of 0.38, and Harvard University published the largest number of articles (182). Fayad, ZA was the most productive author, with 73 papers, while LIBBY P had the most co-citations (493). CIRCULATION was the top co-cited journal with a frequency of 1,411, followed by ARTERIOSCL THROM VAS (1,128). The co-citation references analysis identified eight clusters with a well-structured network (Q = 0.6439) and highly convincing clustering (S = 0.8865). All the studies calculated by keyword co-occurrence were divided into five clusters: “nanoparticle,” “magnetic resonance imaging,” “inflammation,” “positron emission tomography,” and “ultrasonography”. Hot topics mainly focused on cardiovascular disease, contrast media, macrophage, vulnerable plaque, and microbubbles. Sodium fluoride ⁃PET, targeted drug delivery, OCT, photoacoustic imaging, ROS, and oxidative stress were identified as the potential trends.

Conclusion: Molecular imaging research in atherosclerosis has attracted extensive attention in academia, while the challenges of clinical transformation faced in this field have been described in this review. The findings of the present research can inform funding agencies and researchers toward future directions.
A tough and mechanically stable adhesive hydrogel for non-invasive wound repair
Authors: Liu Xiaochun , Qin Si , Xu Lei , Fu Guo , Huang Yongjun , Yu Chaoqun , Cheng Guoyun , Li Ying , He Yunzhi , Qi Yong , Sun Dawei
Published: April 2023

Wound healing has been a great challenge throughout human history. Improper treatment for wounds is so easy to lead to infection and a series of serious symptoms, even death. Because of the ability of absorbing fluid and keeping a moist environment, the hydrogel with 3D networks is ideal candidate for wound dressing. More important, it has good biocompatibility. However, most of the hydrogel dressings reported have weak mechanical properties and adhesion properties, which greatly limit their clinical application. Herein, a tough adhesive hydrogel with good mechanical stability for non-invasive wound repair is reported. The hydrogel is composed of polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate (PEGDA), chitosan (CS) and chitin nano-whisker (CW). PEGDA and CS form interpenetrating network hydrogel through free radical polymerization reaction under the UV light. The introduction of CW further enhances the toughness of the hydrogel. The pH-sensitive CS can form adhesion to various materials through topological adhesion. As a wound closure repair material, PEGDA/CS/CW hydrogel not only has the characteristic of effectively closing the wound, defending against invading bacteria, and keeping the wound clean, but also has good tensile and mechanical stability, which is expected to realize the closure and repair of joints and other moving parts of the wound. This adhesive hydrogel is proven a promising material for wound closure repair.
Exploring environmental policy adoption enablers for indoor air quality management in higher educational institutions in South Africa
Authors: Ndou Mpho , Aigbavboa Clinton
Published: April 2023

Purpose: This study seeks to investigate the extent to which the indoor air quality (IAQ) management of higher educational institutions (HEIs) in South Africa could be improved through the appropriate implementation of environmental policy adoption enablers. Multiple challenges have been documented to the improvement of IAQ standards in HEIs. However, an alternative to the management of IAQ is possible through environmental behavioral change.

Research Methodology: A philosophical stance of post-positivism influences the adoption of a quantitative research approach for this study. Primary data on the views shared by various academic and administrative staff employed by HEIs across South Africa were collected using a closed-ended questionnaire survey. A literature review uncovered 16 influential environmental policy adoption enablers that could further the objective of the study. A four-phase data analytical approach was adopted to interpret the empirical data through screening and reliability assessment, together with descriptive and inferential statistical evaluations, to ascertain the influence held by the surveyed policy adoption enablers on improving the management of IAQ in HEIs.

Results: The inferential statistical evaluation using exploratory factor analysis revealed three crucial environmental policy adoption metrical approaches (stakeholder dialogue, institutional commitment, and policy composition) to the management of IAQ in HEIs.

Discussion: From a practical perspective, the administrative council of HEIs could consider the identified policy adoption enablers as a catalyst for pro-environmental behavior and the management of IAQ in all respective institutions. Theoretically, this study contributes to the body of knowledge by providing factors associated with environmental policy adoptions for IAQ management and laying the groundwork for future research in environmental behavior, this has been lacking in previous IAQ studies and current environmental management discourse. As an instrumental enabler, the identified policy adoption approaches could inform any existing or new institutional policy adoption initiative aimed at improving current individuals’ perception of workplace comfort, satisfaction, and performance directly associated with their indoor environmental conditions.
Higher miscarriage rate in subfertile women with endometriosis receiving unbiopsied frozen-warmed single blastocyst transfers
Authors: Sachs M. K. , Makieva S. , Dedes I. , Kalaitzopoulos D. R. , El-Hadad S. , Xie M. , Velasco A. , Stiller R. , Leeners B.
Published: April 2023

Background: Assisted reproductive technology treatment is recommended to overcome endometriosis-associated infertility but current evidence is controversial. Endometriosis is associated with lower antral follicle count (AFC) and oocyte yield but similar clinical outcomes compared to controls. Unaffected ovarian stimulation response and embryological outcomes but lower clinical pregnancy and live birth rates and higher miscarriage rates have been reported, implying direct impact on endometrial receptivity. With evidence emerging on the benefit of frozen-warmed and blastocyst stage transfer, we investigated ART outcomes in endometriosis using homogeneous case-control groups.

Methods: This is a retrospective observational case-control study including n = 66 frozen-warmed unbiopsied single blastocyst transfers of patients with endometriosis and n = 96 of women exhibiting idiopathic sterility. All frozen-warmed transfers followed artificial endometrial preparation.

Results: In control women, the mean number of oocytes recovered at oocyte pick up was higher compared to women with endometriosis (15.3 ± 7.1 vs. 12.7 ± 5.2, p = 0.025) but oocyte maturation index (mature oocytes/total oocytes at oocyte pick up) was significantly higher for endometriosis (48.2% vs. 34.0%, p = 0.005). The same was shown for the subgroup of 44 endometriosis patients after endometrioma surgery when compared with controls (49.1% vs. 34.0%, p = 0.014). Clinical pregnancy rate was not higher in endometriosis but was close to significance (47.0% vs. 32.3%, p = 0.059) while live birth rate was comparable (27.3% vs. 32.3%, p = 0.746). Miscarriage rate was higher in the endometriosis group (19.7% vs. 7.3%, p = 0.018). A significantly higher AFC was observed in the control group in comparison with the endometriosis group (16.3 ± 7.6 vs. 13.4 ± 7.0, p = 0.014). Live birth rate did not differ when comparing all endometriosis cases (p = 0.746), ASRM Stage I/II and Stage III/IV (p = 0.348 and p = 0.888) with the control group but the overall pregnancy rate was higher in ASRM Stage I/II (p = 0.034) and miscarriage rate was higher in ASRM Stage III/IV (p = 0.030) versus control.

Conclusion: Blastocyst transfers in women with endometriosis originate from cycles with lower AFC but higher share of mature oocytes than in control women, suggesting that endometriosis might impair ovarian reserve but not stimulation response. A higher miscarriage rate, independent of blastocyst quality may be attributed to an impact of endometriosis on the endometrium beyond the timing of implantation.
Whole genome analysis of two sympatric human Mansonella: Mansonella perstans and Mansonella sp “DEUX”
Authors: Rodi Miriam , Gross Caspar , Sandri Thaisa Lucas , Berner Lilith , Marcet-Houben Marina , Kocak Ersoy , Pogoda Michaela , Casadei Nicolas , Köhler Carsten , Kreidenweiss Andrea , Agnandji Selidji Todagbe , Gabaldón Toni , Ossowski Stephan , Held Jana
Published: April 2023

Introduction

Mansonella species are filarial parasites that infect humans worldwide. Although these infections are common, knowledge of the pathology and diversity of the causative species is limited. Furthermore, the lack of sequencing data for Mansonella species, shows that their research is neglected. Apart from Mansonella perstans, a potential new species called Mansonella sp “DEUX” has been identified in Gabon, which is prevalent at high frequencies. We aimed to further determine if Mansonella sp “DEUX” is a genotype of M. perstans, or if these are two sympatric species.

Methods

We screened individuals in the area of Fougamou, Gabon for Mansonella mono-infections and generated de novo assemblies from the respective samples. For evolutionary analysis, a phylogenetic tree was reconstructed, and the differences and divergence times are presented. In addition, mitogenomes were generated and phylogenies based on 12S rDNA and cox1 were created.

Results

We successfully generated whole genomes for M. perstans and Mansonella sp “DEUX”. Phylogenetic analysis based on annotated protein sequences, support the hypothesis of two distinct species. The inferred evolutionary analysis suggested, that M. perstans and Mansonella sp “DEUX” separated around 778,000 years ago. Analysis based on mitochondrial marker genes support our hypothesis of two sympatric human Mansonella species.

Discussion

The results presented indicate that Mansonella sp “DEUX” is a new Mansonella species. These findings reflect the neglect of this research topic. And the availability of whole genome data will allow further investigations of these species
Pathogenic role of the staphylococcal accessory gene regulator quorum sensing system in atopic dermatitis
Authors: Tamai Masakazu , Yamazaki Yuriko , Ito Tomoka , Nakagawa Seitaro , Nakamura Yuumi
Published: April 2023

The skin is home to various bacteria, archaea, fungi, and viruses, collectively referred to as the skin microbiota. Patients with certain skin diseases reportedly have unique skin “dysbiosis,” a condition involving imbalanced microbiota, suggesting that dysbiosis in the skin may be either causal or a consequence of specific skin diseases. Atopic dermatitis (AD) is the most common allergic skin disease that affects 15-20% of children and 2-10% of adults worldwide. Both intrinsic genetic factors, such as susceptibility to type 2 inflammation or skin barrier dysfunction, and extrinsic environmental factors, such as air pollen and skin microbiota, contribute to AD. Staphylococcus aureus, which does not often colonize the skin of healthy individuals, is commonly identified in the lesional skin of patients with AD and is correlated with the disease flare. However, the role of S. aureus in the pathogenesis of AD has not been elucidated. Here, we discuss the pathological behavior of S. aureus, focusing on accessory gene regulator (Agr) quorum sensing, which is a fundamental bacterial cell-to-cell interaction mechanism that affects the behavior of S. aureus and other members of the microbial community. Importantly, beyond bacteria-bacteria interactions, the Agr quorum sensing system also regulates various virulence factors, which induce type 2 and IL-17-dependent skin inflammation in the host. Furthermore, the colonization of Agr-positive S. aureus in early life accelerates the development of pediatric AD. Finally, we aim to highlight the current efforts to establish novel therapeutic methods to ameliorate or prevent AD through Agr-targeted intervention.
The genome and transcriptome of Sarocladium terricola provide insight into ergosterol biosynthesis
Authors: Wang Wei , Nie Yong , Liu Xiao-Yong , Huang Bo
Published: April 2023

Sarocladium terricola is a species of ascomycete fungus that has been recognized as a biocontrol agent for managing animal and plant pathogens, and exhibits significant potential as a feed additive. In this study, we utilized a combination of short-read Illumina sequencing and long-read PacBio sequencing to sequence, assemble, and analyze the genome of S. terricola. The resulting genome consisted of 11 scaffolds encompassing 30.27 Mb, with a GC content of 54.07%, and 10,326 predicted protein coding gene models. We utilized 268 single-copy ortholog genes to reconstruct the phylogenomic relationships among 26 ascomycetes, and found that S. terricola was closely related to two Acremonium species. We also determined that the ergosterol content of S. terricola was synthesized to nearly double levels when cultured in potato dextrose media compared to bean media (4509 mg/kg vs. 2382 mg/kg). Furthermore, transcriptome analyses of differentially expressed genes suggested that the ergosterol synthesis genes ERG3, ERG5, and ERG25 were significantly up-regulated in potato dextrose media. These results will help us to recognize metabolic pathway of ergosterol biosynthesis of S. terricloa comprehensivelly.
“Antarctic on fire”: Paleo-wildfire events associated with volcanic deposits in the Antarctic Peninsula during the Late Cretaceous
Authors: Manfroi Joseline , Trevisan Cristine , Dutra Tânia Lindner , Jasper André , Carvalho Marcelo De Araujo , Aquino Francisco Eliseu , Leppe Marcelo
Published: April 2023

The occurrence of paleo-wildfire events during the Campanian age of the Late Cretaceous is demonstrated in this study for the first time with deposits from the King George Island, South Shetland Islands, Antarctic Peninsula. With the aim of providing information that fills important paleoenvironmental and paleobiogeographic gaps about the end of the Cretaceous for the Gondwana, samples of macroscopic charcoal were collected at two different volcanic levels of the Price Point outcrop, King George Island, during the expeditions to the Antarctic Peninsula by the Brazilian Antarctic Program (PROANTAR). The samples of charcoal were treated and later analyzed under a stereomicroscope and scanning electron microscope. The analysis allowed the identification of morphoanatomical structures with potential taxonomic affinity with Podocarpaceae. These conifers were important in temperate forests of high-latitude environments during the Late Cretaceous, and this is in accordance with previous palaeobotanical records from Price Point. The analysis also showed that southern paleofloras were subject to the occurrence of paleo-wildfires much more frequently than previously thought. This indicates that fire and active volcanism were significant modifiers of the ecological niches of austral floras, because even in distal areas, the source of ignition for forest fires often came from contact with a hot volcanic ash cloud, where the vegetation was either totally or partially consumed by fire.
Pharmacological treatment for pubertal progression in boys with delayed or slow progression of puberty: A small-scale randomized study with testosterone enanthate and testosterone undecanoate treatment
Authors: Österbrand Martin , Fors Hans , Norjavaara Ensio
Published: April 2023

Context

The use of testosterone enanthate (TE), 50–75 mg intramuscularly (i.m.)/month, for the treatment of boys with delayed puberty or slow progression to induce puberty is the standard of care (SoC) in Sweden. This treatment is empirical and has not been scientifically evaluated. Replacement therapy in hypogonadal boys/young men in Sweden after induction is mainly performed with testosterone undecanoate (TU), 1,000 mg/3 months. TE is only available on license. TE was deregistered in Sweden in 2006. Therefore, this study was initiated to compare the two products.

Objective

To clinically evaluate pubertal progression with six injections of TE, 75 mg i.m./month (1/3–1/5 of adult dose), compared with two injections of TU, 250 mg i.m./3 months (1/4 of adult dose).

Trial design

In the Pubertal Replacement in Boys Study (PRIBS), boys aged 14–16 years in West Sweden with pubertal delay were randomized in a parallel study to TE or TU for pubertal progression. Inclusion criteria were morning testosterone levels of 0.5–3 nmol/L and testicular volume ≤6 ml. Between June 2014 and Nov 2019, 27 boys were included.

Methods

The primary outcome was testicular enlargement ≥8 ml after 12 months. TU treatment was considered clinically similar if the number of boys with testicular enlargement ≥8 ml was 80%–125% of the number of boys with TE. Fisher’s exact chi-square test was used for this analysis.

Results

Both treatments were well tolerated. Twelve of 14 (86%) TU-treated boys reached the primary outcome and 12/12 in the TE group. Fisher’s exact chi-square testing indicated a one-sided p-value of 0.28 (the two-sided p-value was 0.483). The TU treatment was considered not clinically different from SoC. A post-hoc study showed 25% power. Therefore, no evidence-based conclusion can be drawn from the results even if the clinical data support a similar effect of the treatments.

Conclusion

The present small-scale study supports that both TE and TU had similar effects in terms of pubertal progression.

Clinical Trial Registration

https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/home, identifier NCT05417035; https://www.clinicaltrialsregister.eu/ctrsearch/search, identifier EUDRACTEudraCT nr 2012-002337-11.
Analysis on phase distribution and flow field morphology in double side blown gas-liquid mixture flows with high temperature and high density melt
Authors: Wu Xudong , Wang Shibo , Hu Jianhang , Wang Hua , Xiao Qingtai , Deng Ge , Li Dongbo
Published: April 2023

In view of the gas-liquid two-phase flow process in the oxygen-enriched side-blown molten pool, the phase distribution and manifold evolution in the side-blown furnace under different working conditions are studied. Based on the hydrodynamics characteristics in the side-blown furnace, a multiphase interface mechanism model of copper oxygen-enriched side-blown bath melting was established. The results show that the existence of slag baffle makes the velocity distribution range of melting mixing zone wider, the mixing range of melt wider, the mixing effect better, and the role of melting zone strengthened. The average speed of case MY in the melting zone is the highest, nearly 5.2% higher than that of case EY, and 16.7% higher than that of case EN. Compared with the average turbulent kinetic energy in the melting zone, case MY has a significant advantage of 2.635 m2/s2, which is increased by 47%, 34%, and 14% respectively compared with case EN, case EY, and case MN.
Ground warming releases inorganic mercury and increases net methylmercury production in two boreal peatland types
Authors: Sun Ting , Lindo Zoë , Branfireun Brian A.
Published: April 2023

Boreal peatlands are considered sinks for atmospheric mercury (Hg) and are important sources of methylmercury (MeHg) to downstream ecosystems. Climate change-driven increases in average annual temperature in coming decades will be amplified at higher latitudes and will modify many biogeochemical processes in high boreal and subarctic peatlands that are important landscape features in these regions. Changes in water quality are an important issue for Northern ecosystems and fish consumers, and the directionality of changes in mercury levels due to climate warming presents considerable uncertainty. Peatlands are key landscape hotspots for MeHg production, however, the impact of climate warming on Hg cycling in boreal peatlands is not well studied. We use a multi-year field-based warming experiment (2 years passive, 1 year active ground warming) across two boreal peatland types (moss and sedge dominated) to explore the effects of ground warming on inorganic Hg (IHg) release, net MeHg production, and biogeochemical controls on both of these processes including the availability of sulfate (SO42−) and dissolved organic matter (DOM) quality and concentration. There were higher porewater IHg and MeHg concentrations under active ground warming conditions in both peatlands, likely related to both increased microbial metabolism, and changes in biogeochemical conditions that favor Hg methylation. Both SO42− (electron acceptor) and bioaccessible DOM (electron donor) are nutrients for sulfate-reducing bacteria which are dominant Hg methylators in freshwater environments, and increases in SO42− and/or bioaccessible DOM concentrations under warming played an important role in the observed changes in net MeHg production. Warming increased SO42− concentrations in the sedge-dominated but not in the moss-dominated fen likely because of a larger pool of groundwater derived SO42− in the sedge-dominated site. Warming increased DOM concentration in both peatland sites through enhanced decomposition of peat and increased release of root exudates from vascular plants, and the balance of these processes varied by peatland type and degree of warming. Experimentally increased ground temperatures increased microbial metabolism, organic matter turnover, and the availability of IHg all of which resulted in increases in porewater MeHg, indicating that climate-driven ground warming will increase MeHg production in northern peatlands in the future.
Simulation of spatiotemporal patterns of habitat quality and driving mechanism in Anhui province, China
Authors: Zhang Guanjin , Roslan Siti Nur Aliaa , Quan Ling , Yuan Ping
Published: April 2023

Understanding the characteristics of habitat quality and its influence under land use change is crucial for rapid urbanization, regional ecological protection, and national restoration and optimization of the ecological layout. This paper examined Anhui Province, China, through topo-graphic data, climate data, human activity data, and land use data from 2000, 2010, and 2020. To reveal the habitat quality impact mechanisms, the paper assessed the province’s spatiotemporal evolution characteristics of habitat quality by the Patch-generating Land Use Simulation (PLUS) model, Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Trade-offs (INVEST) model, and geo-graphic probe model. The results showed that: 1) From 2000 to 2020, Paddy field, Dryland, and Wooded land covered 70% of the study area. From 2000 to 2020, the integrated land use dynamic attitude was 0.51%, with active changes in the Paddy field, Dryland, and open Wooded land and a continuous increase in dynamic attitude. Compared to 2020, the spatial distribution characteristics of land use types in 2030 remain largely unchanged. However, Paddy fields and Drylands still show an increasing trend, while Wooded land, Reservoir ponds, and Urban land demonstrate a small decreasing trend. All other land types remain unchanged; 2) Secondly, between 2000 and 2020, habitat quality gradually decreased, while the percentage of poor habitat quality increased by 1.47% and the percentage of worse habitat quality decreased by −1.41%. All other classes exhibited a small decreasing trend; the mean habitat quality decreased by 0.01 compared to 2020 in 2030, and was mainly distributed in the southwestern and eastern edges of the province; and 3) DEM, aspect, precipitation, and evapotranspiration have a high explanatory power for habitat quality, while the variable Places has significantly increased its explanatory power for habitat quality between 2010 and 2020. Natural factors laid down the graded distribution pattern of habitat quality, and the location and intensity of human activities drove the evolution of habitat quality. Analyzing the mechanism behind habitat quality in Anhui Province provides a theoretical basis for ecological restoration and ecological planning.
Identification and validation of chemokine system-related genes in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: Zhao Tianming , Wu Xu , Zhao Xuelei , Yao Kecheng , Li Xiaojuan , Ni Jixiang
Published: April 2023

Background

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic progressive interstitial lung disease with limited therapeutic options. Recent studies have demonstrated that chemokines play a vital role in IPF pathogenesis. In the present study, we explored whether the gene signature associated with chemokines could be used as a reliable biological marker for patients with IPF.

Methods

Chemokine-related differentially expressed genes (CR-DEGs) in IPF and control lung tissue samples were identified using data from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. A chemokine-related signature of the diagnostic model was established using the LASSO-Cox regression. In addition, unsupervised cluster analysis was conducted using consensus-clustering algorithms. The CIBERSORT algorithm was used to calculate immune cell infiltration across patient subgroups. Finally, we established a mouse model of bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis and a model of fibroblasts treated with TGFβ1. Expression levels of chemokine-related signature genes were determined using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR).

Results

We established a chemokine-related eleven-gene signature of a diagnostic model consisting of CXCL2, CCRL2, ARRB1, XCL1, GRK5, PPBP, CCL19, CCL13, CCL11, CXCL6, and CXCL13, which could easily distinguish between IPF patients and controls. Additionally, we identified two subtypes of IPF samples based on chemokine-related gene expression. Pulmonary function parameters and stromal scores were significantly higher in subtype 1 than in subtype 2. Several immune cell types, especially plasma cells and macrophages, differ significantly between the two subtypes. RT-qPCR results showed that the expression levels of Cxcl2 and Ccl2 increased considerably in bleomycin-induced mice. Meanwhile, Arrb1, Ccrl2, Grk5, and Ppbp expression was significantly reduced. Furthermore, multiple chemokine-related genes were altered in TGFβ1 or TNFα-induced fibroblast cells.

Conclusions

A novel chemokine-related eleven-signature of diagnostic model was developed. These genes are potential biomarkers of IPF and may play essential roles in its pathogenesis.
Cooling water intake system safety analysis based on impingement probability
Authors: Fu Xiaocheng , Du Fenglei , Huang Xiaodong , Pei Juan , Zhang Zhenglou , Xing Xiaofeng , Pu Xiang
Published: April 2023

Invasion or aggregation of marine organisms in cooling water intake systems (CWIS) has gradually become an important problem affecting the safety of nuclear power plants with environmental and climate changes. In this study, a 3-dimensional numerical model (TELEMAC-3D) was used to determine the impingement probability in a typical nuclear power plant with a once-through cooling system, and the effect on CWIS safety. The factors controlling impingement probability were also analyzed. Results show that (1) impingement probability decreased rapidly with an increase in distance from the CWIS. In addition, the distance of the impingement effect of a nuclear power plant with six units was mainly within 1 km of the CWIS. (2) Impingement probability increased with water withdrawal, and as distance to the CWIS increased, the increase in probability increased. (3) Generally, an increase in tide strength led to a decrease impingement probability. (4) Near the CWIS, the impingement probabilities of areas upstream or downstream of the CWIS along the tidal flow direction were much higher than those not in those areas. (5) An increase in water depth significantly reduced impingement probability. When the water depth of the CWIS increased from 5 m to 15 m, impingement probability was reduced up to 30%. Based on the above findings, the following suggestions were made to minimize the impingement effects on CWIS safety: first, the CWIS of coastal nuclear power plants should be set in an area with low aquatic biomass, strong tides, deep water, and few surface species within the range of 1 km, and second, the amount of cooling water withdrawal or velocity should be reduced as much as possible.
Prevalence and factors associated with hyperphosphatemia in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patients: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Yin Xiaojing , Zhang Fan , Shi Yan
Published: April 2023

Background

Hyperphosphatemia remains a major complication in patients with Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) leading to increased morbidity and mortality. However, phosphorus management still has many challenges.

Objective

This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and factors of hyperphosphatemia among continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patients in a tertiary public hospital in Shanghai, China.

Methods

The single-center cross-sectional study recruited end-stage renal failure patients who received continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) for at least 3 months. The participants aged 18–80 years had undergone CAPD between 1 July 2021 and 30 May 2022, in Shanghai, China.

The patients’ sociodemographic, clinical, and laboratory data were collected prospectively from medical records and via face-to-face interviews. A sample size of convenience decides the sample size. This study used the information-motivation-behavioral (IMB) skills model as a theoretical framework. The questionnaire included knowledge and behavior of diet and medication in patients with hyperphosphatemia of chronic kidney disease, self-efficacy for managing chronic disease, and social support rating scale. Univariate analysis and binary logistic regression were performed to identify the influencing factors of hyperphosphatemia by SPPS 27.0.

Results

In total, 141 CAPD patients (73% hyperphosphatemia) were included in the final analysis. In logistic regression analysis, dialysis vintage (OR: 0.975, 95%CI: 0.957–0.993), dialysis exchanges (OR: 0.317, 95%CI: 0.131–0.768), urine output (OR: 0.997, 95%CI: 0.995–0.999), serum albumin (OR: 1.166, 95%CI:1.008–1.349), serum creatinine (OR: 1.005, 95%CI: 1.001–1.008), hyperphosphatemia knowledge behavior score (OR: 0.888, 95%CI: 0.797–0.991), and social support level (OR: 0.841, 95%CI:0.765–0.925) were the influencing factors of hyperphosphatemia.

Conclusion

Hyperphosphatemia is a frequent complication in CAPD patients. Dialysis vintage, dialysis exchanges, urine output, serum albumin, serum creatinine, hyperphosphatemia knowledge behavior, and social support were the associated factors of hyperphosphatemia in CAPD patients. It is crucial for healthcare providers to maintain phosphorus balance among CAPD patients using phosphorus management strategies.
Positive effects of Cordyceps cateniannulata colonization in tobacco: Growth promotion and resistance to abiotic stress
Authors: Qiao Lu , Liu Jing , Zhou Zhengxiong , Li Zhimo , Zhou Yeming , Xu Shaohuan , Yang Zhengkai , Qu Jiaojiao , Zou Xiao
Published: April 2023

Background

Entomopathogenic fungi can live in insects to cause disease and death and are the largest group of entomopathogenic microorganisms. Therefore, these fungi are best known for their microbial control potential. Importantly, they also have other beneficial effects, including promoting plant growth and development by colonizing plant. Here, the study sought to identify specific strains of the entomopathogenic fungus, Cordyceps cateniannulata that would form endophytic associations with tobacco, thus benefiting plant growth and resistance to abiotic stresses, thereby highlighting the application of entomopathogenic fungi in tobacco.

Methods

The C. cateniannulata-tobacco symbiont was constructed by root irrigation. The effects of C. cateniannulata on tobacco growth were evaluated by measuring the maximum leaf length, maximum leaf width, number of leaves, plant height, stem thickness, stem circumference, dry and fresh shoot weight 7, 14, 21, and 28 days after colonization. The peroxidase, catalase, superoxide dismutase, and malondialdehyde were measured to observe the impact of C. cateniannulata on tobacco defense enzyme activity. Finally, high-throughput sequencing was used to access microbial communities in the rhizosphere, with data subsequently linked to growth indicators.

Results

After tobacco was inoculated with C. cateniannulata X8, which significantly promoted growth and related enzyme activity, malondialdehyde was decreased. The most significant impact was on peroxidase, with its activity being upregulated by 98.20, 154.42, 180.65, and 170.38% in the four time periods, respectively. The high throughput sequencing results indicated that C. cateniannulata had changed the rhizosphere microbial relative abundances, such as increasing Acidobacteria and Ascomycetes, and decreasing Actinomycetes and Basidiomycetes. The redundancy analysis showed that C. cateniannulata significantly boosted tobacco growth by reducing the abundance of specific dominant genera such as Stachybotrys, Cephalotrichum, Streptomyces, Isoptericola, and Microbacterium.

Conclusion

Specific strains of C. cateniannulata can be introduced into host plants as endophytes, resulting in promotion of host plant growth and increased resistance to abiotic stress and microbial pathogens. The study provides a foundation for future studies of C. cateniannulata as an ecological agent.