bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multidimensional Evaluation Framework for Assessing Cultural Heritage Adaptive Reuse Projects: The Case of the Seminary in Sant’Agata de’ Goti (Italy)
Authors: Angrisano Mariarosaria , Nocca Francesca , Scotto Di Santolo Anna
Published: May 2024

As climate change accelerates, urban areas are becoming increasingly inhospitable, with rising heat island effects and overall unhealthy environmental conditions. In this context, historic villages, due to their proximity to nature and lower population density, can represent a valuable alternative to unsustainable urban areas, providing better quality of life (i.e., through healthier environment, better work–life balance). They are “populated” by historic buildings characterized by high cultural value but are often in a state of abandonment. Nowadays, the adaptive reuse of cultural heritage represents an efficient strategy to adapt it to new needs/requirements and, at the same time, to preserve its historical and intrinsic values for present and future generations. In this framework, this study proposes a multidimensional evaluation framework for assessing cultural heritage adaptive reuse projects, covering all sustainability dimensions and capturing both tangible and intangible values. This framework, consisting of multiple criteria and multidimensional indicators, has been applied to evaluate alternative scenarios related to the regeneration of the abandoned Seminary in Sant’Agata de’ Goti (historic village), Benevento, Italy. In particular, three different scenarios have been evaluated by the SOCRATES (SOcial multi Criteria Assessment of European policies) method, a multicriteria decision method developed by the Joint Research Center (JRC) of the European Commission.
Lytic Capsule-Specific Acinetobacter Bacteriophages Encoding Polysaccharide-Degrading Enzymes
Authors: Evseev Peter V. , Sukhova Anastasia S. , Tkachenko Nikolay A. , Skryabin Yuriy P. , Popova Anastasia V.
Published: May 2024

The genus Acinetobacter comprises both environmental and clinically relevant species associated with hospital-acquired infections. Among them, Acinetobacter baumannii is a critical priority bacterial pathogen, for which the research and development of new strategies for antimicrobial treatment are urgently needed. Acinetobacter spp. produce a variety of structurally diverse capsular polysaccharides (CPSs), which surround the bacterial cells with a thick protective layer. These surface structures are primary receptors for capsule-specific bacteriophages, that is, phages carrying tailspikes with CPS-depolymerizing/modifying activities. Phage tailspike proteins (TSPs) exhibit hydrolase, lyase, or esterase activities toward the corresponding CPSs of a certain structure. In this study, the data on all lytic capsule-specific phages infecting Acinetobacter spp. with genomes deposited in the NCBI GenBank database by January 2024 were summarized. Among the 149 identified TSPs encoded in the genomes of 143 phages, the capsular specificity (K specificity) of 46 proteins has been experimentally determined or predicted previously. The specificity of 63 TSPs toward CPSs, produced by various Acinetobacter K types, was predicted in this study using a bioinformatic analysis. A comprehensive phylogenetic analysis confirmed the prediction and revealed the possibility of the genetic exchange of gene regions corresponding to the CPS-recognizing/degrading parts of different TSPs between morphologically and taxonomically distant groups of capsule-specific Acinetobacter phages.
Prevalence, Time of Infection, and Diversity of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus in China
Authors: Li Chaosi , Fan Aihua , Liu Zhicheng , Wang Gang , Zhou Lei , Zhang Hongliang , Huang Lv , Zhang Jianfeng , Zhang Zhendong , Zhang Yan
Published: May 2024

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRVS) is a major swine viral pathogen that affects the pig industry worldwide. Control of early PRRSV infection is essential, and different types of PRRSV-positive samples can reflect the time point of PRRSV infection. This study aims to investigate the epidemiological characteristics of PRRSV in China from Q4 2021 to Q4 2022, which will be beneficial for porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV)control in the swine production industry in the future. A total of 7518 samples (of processing fluid, weaning serum, and oral fluid) were collected from 100 intensive pig farms in 21 provinces, which covered all five pig production regions in China, on a quarterly basis starting from the fourth quarter of 2021 and ending on the fourth quarter of 2022. Independent of sample type, 32.1% (2416/7518) of the total samples were PCR-positive for PRRSV, including 73.6% (1780/2416) samples that were positive for wild PRRSV, and the remaining were positive for PRRSV vaccine strains. On the basis of the time of infection, 58.9% suckling piglets (processing fluid) and 30.8% weaning piglets (weaning serum) showed PRRSV infection at an early stage (approximately 90% of the farms). The sequencing analysis results indicate a wide range of diverse PRRSV wild strains in China, with lineage 1 as the dominant strain. Our study clearly demonstrates the prevalence, infection stage, and diversity of PRRSV in China. This study provides useful data for the epidemiological understanding of PRRSV, which can contribute to the strategic and systematic prevention and control of PRRSV in China.
Retrospective Analysis of Clinical Characteristics and Disease Outcomes in Children and Adolescents Hospitalized Due to COVID-19 Infection in Tunisia
Authors: Borgi Aida , Meftah Khaoula , Trabelsi Ines , Kyaw Moe H. , Zaghden Hela , Bouafsoun Aida , Mezghani Fatma , Missaoui Nada , Abdel Ali Alya , Essaddam Leila , Khemiri Haifa , Haddad-Boubaker Sondes , Boussetta Khedija , Khemiri Monia , Ben Becher Saida , Boukthir Samir , Triki Henda , Menif Khaled , Smaoui Hanen
Published: May 2024

Due to low susceptibility of coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) in children, limited studies are available regarding COVID-19 in the pediatric population in Tunisia. The current study evaluated the incidence, clinical characteristics, and outcomes of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection among children hospitalized at Béchir Hamza Children’s Hospital. A retrospective cohort analysis was conducted using the hospital database between March 2020 and February 2022 with children aged ≤15 years with SARS-CoV-2 infection (confirmed by RT-PCR). A total of 327 COVID-19 hospitalized patients with a mean age of 3.3 years were included; the majority were male. Neurological disease (20%) was the most common comorbidity, while fever (95.3%) followed by cough (43.7%) and dyspnea (39.6%) were the most frequent symptoms reported. Severe disease with oxygen requirement occurred in 30% of the patients; 13% were admitted in the Intensive Care Unit. The overall incidence rate of COVID-19 hospitalization (in Tunis governorates) was 77.02 per 100,000 while the inpatient case fatality rate was 5% in the study population. The most prevalent circulating variant during our study period was Delta (48.8%), followed by Omicron (26%). More than 45% of the study population were <6 months and one-fourth (n = 25, 26.5%) had at least one comorbidity. Thus, the study findings highlight the high disease burden of COVID-19 in infants.
Characterization of Natural Killer Cell Profile in a Cohort of Infected Pregnant Women and Their Babies and Its Relation to CMV Transmission
Authors: Pighi Chiara , Rotili Arianna , De Luca Maia , Chiurchiù Sara , Calò Carducci Francesca Ippolita , Rossetti Chiara , Cifaldi Loredana , Bei Roberto , Caforio Leonardo , Bernardi Stefania , Palma Paolo , Amodio Donato
Published: May 2024

Human cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a common herpesvirus causing lifelong latent infection in most people and is a primary cause of congenital infection worldwide. Given the role of NK cells in the materno-fetal barrier, we investigated peripheral blood NK cell behavior in the context of CMV infection acquired during pregnancy. We analyzed the NK phenotype and CD107a surface mobilization on PBMCs from CMV-transmitting and non-transmitting mothers and newborns with or without congenital infection. NK cells from non-transmitting mothers showed the typical phenotype of CMV-adaptive NK cells, characterized by higher levels of NKG2C, CD57, and KIRs, with reduced NKG2A, compared to transmitting ones. A significantly higher percentage of DNAM-1+, PD-1+, and KIR+NKG2A-CD57+PD-1+ CD56dim cells was found in the non-transmitting group. Accordingly, NK cells from congenital-CMV (cCMV)-infected newborns expressed higher levels of NKG2C and CD57, with reduced NKG2A, compared to non-congenital ones. Furthermore, they showed a significant expansion of CD56dim cells co-expressing NKG2C and CD57 or with a memory-like (KIR+NKG2A-CD57+NKG2C+) phenotype, as well as a significant reduction of the CD57-NKG2C- population. Degranulation assays showed a slightly higher CD107a geomean ratio in NK cells of mothers who were non-transmitting compared to those transmitting the virus. Our findings demonstrate that both CMV-transmitting mothers and cCMV newborns show a specific NK profile. These data can guide studies on predicting virus transmission from mothers and congenital infection in infants.
Immunogenicity of Recombinant Zoster Vaccine: A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis, and Meta-Regression
Authors: Losa Lorenzo , Antonazzo Ippazio Cosimo , Di Martino Giuseppe , Mazzaglia Giampiero , Tafuri Silvio , Mantovani Lorenzo Giovanni , Ferrara Pietro
Published: May 2024

Background: The adjuvanted recombinant zoster vaccine (RZV), consisting of varicella-zoster virus glycoprotein E (gE) and the AS01B adjuvant system, effectively prevents herpes zoster (HZ). In the absence of a well-defined correlate of protection, it is important to monitor the RZV immune response, as a proxy of clinical effectiveness. Methods: This systematic review examined post-vaccination parameters: humoral and cell-mediated immunity, avidity index, geometric mean concentration of antibody (GMC), and immunity persistence. The meta-analysis used a random-effects model, and subgroup and meta-regression analyses were conducted. Results: Among 37 included articles, after one month from RZV-dose 2, the pooled response rate for anti-gE humoral immunity was 95.2% (95%CI 91.9–97.2), dropping to 77.6% (95%CI 64.7–86.8) during immunosuppression. The anti-gE cell-mediated immunity-specific response reached 84.6% (95%CI 75.2–90.9). Varying factors, such as age, sex, coadministration with other vaccines, prior HZ, or live-attenuated zoster vaccine, did not significantly affect response rates. RZV induced a substantial increase in gE avidity. Immunity persistence was confirmed, with more rapid waning in the very elderly. Conclusions: This systematic review indicates that RZV elicits robust immunogenicity and overcomes immunocompromising conditions. The findings underscore the need for further research, particularly on long-term immunity, and have the potential to support HZ vaccination policies and programs.
The Platform Technology Approach to mRNA Product Development and Regulation
Authors: Skerritt John H. , Tucek-Szabo Carolyn , Sutton Brett , Nolan Terry
Published: May 2024

mRNA-lipid nanoparticle (LNP) medicinal products can be considered a platform technology because the development process is similar for different diseases and conditions, with similar noncoding mRNA sequences and lipid nanoparticles and essentially unchanged manufacturing and analytical methods often utilised for different products. It is critical not to lose the momentum built using the platform approach during the development, regulatory approval and rollout of vaccines for SARS-CoV-2 and its variants. This review proposes a set of modifications to existing regulatory requirements for mRNA products, based on a platform perspective for quality, manufacturing, preclinical, and clinical data. For the first time, we address development and potential regulatory requirements when the mRNA sequences and LNP composition vary in different products as well. In addition, we propose considerations for self-amplifying mRNA, individualised oncology mRNA products, and mRNA therapeutics. Providing a predictable development pathway for academic and commercial groups so that they can know in detail what product characterisation and data are required to develop a dossier for regulatory submission has many potential benefits. These include: reduced development and regulatory costs; faster consumer/patient access and more agile development of products in the face of pandemics; and for rare diseases where alternatives may not exist or to increase survival and the quality of life in cancer patients. Therefore, achieving consensus around platform approaches is both urgent and important. This approach with mRNA can be a template for similar platform frameworks for other therapeutics and vaccines to enable more efficient development and regulatory review.
Determinants of Parental Intention to Vaccinate Young Adolescent Girls against the Human Papillomavirus in Taiwan: An Online Survey Study
Authors: Lin Pei-Yun , Liu Tai-Ling , Chen Li-Ming , Liu Meng-Jung , Chang Yu-Ping , Tsai Ching-Shu , Yen Cheng-Fang
Published: May 2024

Since 2018, Taiwan has included the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination into its national immunization program for junior high school girls. However, the reports of side effects following vaccination have increased parental concerns. This study investigated parental intentions regarding the HPV vaccination for their daughters and related factors in Taiwan. A total of 213 parents of girls aged between 12 and 15 years participated in an online survey. The survey collected data on various factors, including the parental intention to vaccinate their daughters against HPV; the motivation behind the vaccinations, as measured using the Motors of Human Papillomavirus Vaccination Acceptance Scale; an understanding of the reasons behind the government’s promotion of HPV vaccinations; concerns regarding the side effects of vaccinations for their daughters; an awareness of the reported side effects of HPV vaccines experienced by some individuals; the exposure to information on HPV vaccines from social media; and mental health status, measured using the Brief Symptom Rating Scale. The associations between these variables and the parental intention to vaccinate their daughters against HPV were examined using a multivariable linear regression analysis model. The findings revealed a moderate to high level of intention among participants to vaccinate their daughters against HPV. Parents who perceived a greater value in HPV vaccination for their daughters’ health (B = 0.524, standard error [se] = 0.039, p < 0.001) and had greater autonomy in decision-making regarding vaccination (B = 0.086, se = 0.038, p = 0.026) exhibited a higher intention to vaccinate their daughters against HPV. Conversely, parents who expressed greater concern regarding the side effects of HPV vaccines for their daughters had a lower intention to vaccinate (B = −0.762, se = 0.203, p < 0.001). Based on these findings, this study recommends integrating these factors into the design of intervention programs aimed at enhancing parental intentions to vaccinate their daughters against HPV.
Current Progress in Vaccines against Merkel Cell Carcinoma: A Narrative Review and Update
Authors: Gambichler Thilo , Schrama David , Käpynen Riina , Weyer-Fahlbusch Sera S. , Becker Jürgen C. , Susok Laura , Kreppel Florian , Abu Rached Nessr
Published: May 2024

Merkel cell carcinoma is a rare, aggressive skin cancer that mainly occurs in elderly and immunocompromised patients. Due to the success of immune checkpoint inhibition in MCC, the importance of immunotherapy and vaccines in MCC has increased in recent years. In this article, we aim to present the current progress and perspectives in the development of vaccines for this disease. Here, we summarize and discuss the current literature and ongoing clinical trials investigating vaccines against MCC. We identified 10 articles through a PubMed search investigating a vaccine against MCC. From the international clinical trial database Clinical.Trials.gov, we identified nine studies on vaccines for the management of MCC, of which seven are actively recruiting. Most of the identified studies investigating a vaccine against MCC are preclinical or phase 1/2 trials. The vaccine principles mainly included DNA- and (synthetic) peptide-based vaccines, but RNA-based vaccines, oncolytic viruses, and the combination of vaccines and immunotherapy are also under investigation for the treatment of MCC. Although the management of MCC is changing, when compared to times before the approval of immune checkpoint inhibitors, it will still take some time before the first MCC vaccine is ready for approval.
Salt Drainage Efficiency and Anti-Clogging Effects of Subsurface Pipes Wrapped with Geotextiles
Authors: Wang Xu , Zhang Yonghong , Fan Liqin , Shen Jingli
Published: May 2024

Subsurface drainage pipes covered with filters and geotextiles are the key to preventing clogging and ensuring efficient drainage. To improve the salt discharge efficiency of these subsurface drainage pipes, different layers of geotextiles were set outside the pipes with the aid of uniform gravel filters. This paper reports our findings from laboratory simulation of subsurface drainage pipes and experiments. The study examined the influence of different layers of geotextiles on the drainage efficiency, salt discharge effects of subsurface drainage pipes, and the effect of superimposed geotextiles on the salt drainage efficiency as well as the anti-clogging effect of subsurface drainage pipes. The results are as follows: (1) The geotextile and filter material wrapped around the subsurface pipe facilitated the movement of water towards the subsurface pipe, which could promote the salt discharge of the subsurface pipe. However, in the single leaching experiment, the reduction in soil pH was not significant for different scenarios. (2) The salt removal rate of the geotextile-wrapped subsurface pipes was more than 95%. The salt removal rate of the double-layer geotextile scenario was the highest (96.7%), and the total salt content of soil profiles was 8.3% and 31.3% lower than those of the single-layer and triple-layer geotextile scenarios, respectively. The drainage efficiency of the double-layer geotextile scenario was the highest, and the salt distribution in the 0–60 cm profile was relatively uniform, ranging from 2.3 to 3.0 g∙kg−1. (3) The clogging in the triple-layer geotextile scenario was caused by the geotextile, i.e., a dense filter cake layer formed on the surface of the geotextile. The clogging in the single-layer and double-layer geotextile scenarios was the clogging of the geotextile itself, i.e., soil particles retained in the fiber structure of geotextiles. (4) In the case of the single-layer and double-layer geotextile scenarios, the soil particles failed to completely clog the selected geotextiles, and there were still a large number of pores retained. The double-layer geotextiles integrate filtration, clogging prevention, and drainage promotion to provide the best salt drainage with the subsurface pipe. This study reveals the influence of the filter on soil water salt and salt discharge and provides a theoretical explanation and technical justification for the application of the subsurface pipes salt discharge technology in saline soil ameliorate.
On the Aggregation and Monetization of Flexible Loads in the Context of EV Fleets
Authors: Schert Kelaja , Biedenbach Florian , Müller Thomas , Kluge Michael , Nochta Zoltán
Published: May 2024

In this paper, we present an approach to the price-optimized charging of electric vehicles (EVs) based on energy flexibility. Fleet operators determine the minimum and the maximum power demand to charge EVs at a specific time and share this information as so-called power corridors (PCs) with an energy aggregator. The energy aggregator collects the predicted PCs from the fleet operators located in the same market area and aggregates the PCs. The energy provider periodically sends energy prices from the market to the energy aggregator, which purchases energy when its price is opportune. The energy aggregator calculates and delivers charge plans for each fleet operator involved and thus can pass along the purchase prices. The incentive design must ensure that fleet operators are better off by disclosing their flexibility data to the aggregator. This study can contribute to a new data-driven energy market communication system by providing insights on how to leverage the energy flexibility that EVs can offer to the energy system.
The role of surgical treatment of recurrent glioblastomas
Authors:   S. M. Kirov Military Medical Academy, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Martynov R. S. , Martynov B. V. ,   Kirov Military Medical Academy, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Babichev K. N. ,   Kirov Military Medical Academy, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Chemodakova K. A. ,   Kirov Military Medical Academy, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Klimenkova E. Yu. ,   Kirov Military Medical Academy, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Alekseeva N. P. ,   St. Petersburg State University, Svistov D. V. ,   Kirov Military Medical Academy, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
Published: May 2024

Introduction. With standard treatment of glioblastoma, the vast majority of cases result in relapse of the disease, for which there is no consensus on the effectiveness of repeat resection. The lack of Level 1 evidence on the efficacy of surgical removal of recurrent glioblastomas (GB) indicates that the problem has not been resolved and stimulates interest in finding ways to combat this disease. Purpose. To study the effect of surgical treatment of a recurrent tumor on the overall life expectancy and post-relapse survival time of patients with glioblastomas. Materials and methods. The analysis was performed on data from 116 patients: 43 (37.1 %) women and 73 (62.9 %) men. The mean age at the time of diagnosis (primary surgery) was 52±12 full years. Surgical interventions were performed between 1999 and 2017. The study group included 50 patients who underwent GB resection. The control group consisted of 66 patients who were not operated on for GB. To achieve group homogeneity for all studied variables, the pseudo-randomization method was used. Statistical analysis was performed using the program SPSS Statistics 26.0. Results. The median overall life expectancy after GB resection was 23.6 [95 % CI=18.1–29.1] months, in the control group — 21.0 [95 % CI=12.8–29.2] months. The fatal outcome for the patients in the study group was simultaneously influenced by two characteristics: the duration of the relapse-free period (p=0.003) and the volume of the recurrent tumor (p=0.050). For the patients in the control group, only the duration of the relapse-free period (p <0.001) was impactful. The median post-relapse survival time was higher in those patients who underwent resection of 95 % or more of the GB volume than in those without surgery: 10.33 months [95 % CI 9.67 — NA months] and 6.33 months [95 % CI 5.07–11.2 months] (p<0.05), respectively. The 2‑year survival rate in the group after resection of 95 % or more of the GB volume is more than twice as high as in the non-operated group: 38.5 % and 13.7 %, respectively. Conclusions. Maximum reduction in GB volume appears to be advisable, especially in patients with a long relapse- free period when the formation is localized in the subdominant hemisphere of the brain, without spreading to the corpus callosum. Microsurgical removal of recurrent glioblastomas is an effective method of treating patients in comparison with conservative therapy.
A clinical case report of HIV-associated encephalopathy
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Volgograd State Medical University» of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Volgograd, Russia, Krivonozhkina P. S. , Zamyatina I. I. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Volgograd State Medical University» of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Volgograd, Russia, Poplavskaya O. V. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Volgograd State Medical University» of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Volgograd, Russia, Poplavskaya A. A. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Volgograd State Medical University» of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Volgograd, Russia, Pokusaeva O. V. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Volgograd State Medical University» of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Volgograd, Russia, Babaitseva N. S. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Volgograd State Medical University» of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Volgograd, Russia
Published: May 2024

Due to the fact that neurological and psychiatric symptoms are frequent manifestations of NeuroAIDS, a neurologist and a psychiatrist may be the first to meet with an HIV-infected patient in clinical practice. The article presents a clinical case of HIV-associated encephalopathy identified in a patient in a psychiatric hospital; the clinical picture and diagnosis of dementia caused by the human immunodeficiency virus are described. The case study method and MRI analysis were used. It has been concluded that there is a need for more careful monitoring of patients registered with AIDS centers, achieving 100 % HAART coverage of HIV patients at the early stages of the disease, which will significantly reduce residual neurological and psychiatric consequences, as well as mortality from HIV-associated lesions of the central nervous system.
Coping strategies in patients with schizophrenia and concomitant chronic cardiovascular diseases
Authors:   FSBEI HE Lugansk State Medical University named after St. Luke of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Lugansk, Russia, Rachkauskas G. S. , Kondufor O. V. ,   FSBEI HE Lugansk State Medical University named after St. Luke of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Lugansk, Russia, Kolesnikov D. A. ,   FSBI V. M. Bekhterev National Research Medical Center for Psychiatry and Neurology of the Ministry of Health of Russia, St. Petersburg, Russia, Kizimenko S. V. ,   FSBEI HE Lugansk State Pedagogical University, Lugansk, Russia, Kardash M. I. ,   FSBEI HE Lugansk State Medical University named after St. Luke of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Lugansk, Russia, Kharkovskiy V. E. ,   FSBEI HE Lugansk State Medical University named after St. Luke of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Lugansk, Russia, Kharkovskaya M. A. ,   FSBEI HE Lugansk State Medical University named after St. Luke of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Lugansk, Russia, Markaryan G. A. ,   FSBEI HE Rostov State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
Published: May 2024

In the context of modern socio-economic conditions, coping strategies reflecting adaptive capacity to stress are realized through the environment and personally determined mechanisms of behavior (coping mechanisms). Due to the high lability of disease processes and social vulnerability in general, schizophrenia patients are more subject to stress. Cardiovascular diseases, often observed in patients with schizophrenia, contribute to the progression of their social disintegration and decrease the level of adaptive skills. The aim of the study was to establish coping strategies in schizophrenia patients with concomitant cardiovascular diseases. 70 patients diagnosed with paranoid schizophrenia, who were on inpatient treatment in psychiatric departments № 1 and № 5 of the State Institution «Lugansk Republican Clinical Psychoneurological Hospital» of the Lugansk People»s Republic, participated in the study. All subjects of the study were divided into two study groups: group 1 — schizophrenia patients without cardiovascular pathology (n=40) and group 2 — patients with schizophrenia and cardiovascular pathology (n=30). The mean age of the patients was 46.5±5.9 years, with 27 (38.6 %) men and 43 (61.4 %) women. Clinical, psychopathological, catamnestic, psychometric, and statistical research methods were used. The study revealed that the greatest number of patients had a non-constructive coping mechanism for dealing with stressful conditions, with a small number of patients with a constructive type. When comparing the percentages of patients with and without cardiovascular disease, it was found that patients with cardiovascular pathology were superior in positive coping strategies. These studies confirm the significance of cardiovascular diseases in schizophrenia patients in the processes of maladaptation in changing life conditions.
Impact of Data-Augmentation on Brain Tumor Detection Using Different YOLO Versions Models
Authors: Ishtaiwi Abdelraouf , Ali Ali , al-Qerem Ahmad , Alsmadi Yazan , Aldweesh Amjad , Alauthman Mohammad , Alzubi Omar , Nashwan Shadi , Abaker Awad , Alzgol Musab , Alangari Someah
Published: May 2024

Brain tumors are widely recognized as one of the world's worst and most disabling diseases. Every year, thousands of people die as a result of brain tumors caused by the rapid growth of tumor cells. As a result, saving the lives of tens of thousands of people worldwide needs speedy investigation and automatic identification of brain tumors. In this paper, we propose a new methodology for detecting brain tumors. The designed framework assesses the application of cutting-edge YOLO models such as YOLO v3, YOLO v5n, YOLO v5s, YOLO v5m, YOLOv5l, YOLOv5x, and YOLOv7 with varying weights and data augmentation on a dataset of 7382 samples from three distinct MRI orientations, namely, axial, coronal, and sagittal. Several data augmentation techniques were also employed to minimize detector sensitivity while increasing detection accuracy. In addition, the Adam and SGD optimizers were compared. We aim to find the ideal network weight and MRI orientation for detecting brain cancers. The results show that with an IoU of 0.5, axial orientation had the highest detection accuracy with an average mAP of 97.33%. Furthermore, SGD surpasses Adam optimizer by more than 20% mAP. Also, it was found that YOLO 5n, YOLOv5s, YOLOv5x, and YOLOv3 surpass others by more than 95% mAP. Besides that, it was observed that the YOLOv5 and YOLOv3 models are more sensitive to data augmentation than the YOLOv7 model.
COMPUTER SIMULATION OF REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAMS TAKEN INTO ACCOUNT OF DEFECTS AND DAMAGE
Authors: Sharafutdinov L. , Mannapov R.
Published: May 2024

The article examines the influence of defects and damage on the stress-strain state, strength, crack resistance and rigidity of reinforced concrete beams. Based on computer modeling in the ANSYS and Lira-SAPR software packages, a multifactor numerical experiment was carried out. The following influencing factors are considered: the depth and length of destruction of the protective layer of concrete in the tensile zone, concrete spalling in the compressed zone, a decrease in the area of reinforcement, a local decrease in the strength of concrete, the presence of normal cracks at different percentages of longitudinal reinforcement, delamination of concrete flanges, a change in the class of concrete. The computer model was verified by comparing the results obtained numerically with data from full-scale testing of similar beams. For each factor, the impact on the strength, crack resistance and rigidity of reinforced concrete beams was assessed. It has been established that the rigidity and strength of beams with a lower percentage of reinforcement are more sensitive to initial defects in the form of normal cracks in the middle of the span. The depth and length of destruction of the protective layer of concrete in the tensile zone has practically no effect on the studied parameters. A change in the strength characteristics of concrete to a depth of 20 mm along the perimeter of the section (during concrete corrosion) significantly affects the cracking load, while the strength and rigidity decreases slightly.
RECREATIONAL SPACES OF THE CITY, THEIR PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF DEVELOPMENT (ON THE EXAMPLE OF BELGOROD)
Authors: Maksaeva E. , Yarmosh T.
Published: May 2024

The article is devoted to the problem of the state of public recreational spaces in modern cities, including Belgorod. The relevance of this problem is conditioned by the fact that such structures are not only an integral part of the cultural life of citizens, they constitute the ecological framework of any city, which makes life in it comfortable and gives an impetus to its active development. Thus, the reconstruction of park areas and their integration into park urban complexes will allow to use the territory more effectively, to adjust it to the ever-changing demands of society. The authors of the article considered the main features of the territories of different types of landscaping and different purposes of public urban leisure, analyzed the zones of several parks of Belgorod on the subject of landscaping and functional filling. Such an analysis of the urban planning situation will allow to better see the relationship of public recreational spaces in the city, to identify positive and negative qualities, to better understand the directions of their development. As a result of the study, an assessment of the current state of public recreational structures in the city is formulated, and proposals to improve their condition are put forward with some recommendations. Modernization of parks and other recreational spaces with saturation of them with new functional zones will be one of the factors of sustainable development of the city
OPTIMIZATION OF THE HYDROCYCLONE DESIGN: ANALYSIS OF STRENGTH CHARACTERISTICS AND THE EFFECT OF THE THICKNESS OF THE SEPARATION AREA SHEETS
Authors: Lozovaya S. , Bascheva E. , Brazhnik Y.
Published: May 2024

Promising directions for improving the efficiency of pyrite cinder separation for their further use in the production of Portland cement are considered. The object of the study is a digital model of a modified hydrocyclone with a separation area in the working area, which allows for precise separation of particles. The purpose of the study is to identify the appropriate design parameters of a modified hydrocyclone during strength calculations and variable execution of its model. Computer modeling of hydrodynamic processes during the creation of new equipment allows for an analysis of its operability, strength calculations and variable design of the device at the design stage, which is currently relevant. The changes in the efficiency of particle separation in a modified hydrocyclone depending on the varying geometric parameters in the working area of the apparatus are considered. The influence of the thickness of the sheets of the parts of the separation area has been studied and important aspects affecting the operating conditions of the device have been identified. Optimization of the geometry of the holes in the separating area of the hydrocyclone is proposed in order to capture more particles of the required fraction (size 60 microns or less). The resulting modified hydrocyclone design based on HCC-360-10 has significant application potential in various industries, including ore dressing, cement, petroleum, chemical industry and energy. The use of such a design can lead to a significant reduction in energy consumption, increased productivity and improved product quality. A method for static calculation of the strength of the separation region of a modified hydrocyclone using the finite element method in a CAD/CAE system is presented.
Impactos económicos da blockchain: uma revisão síntese da literatura
Authors: Sanches-António Luzolo Domingos
Published: May 2024

O principal objectivo do presente estudo foi o de fazer uma revisão-síntese da literatura relacionada com os impactos económicos da blockchain. Neste sentido foi utilizada a técnica de análise documental, aplicada a revisão da literatura relevante sobre a tecnologia blockchain e os seus principais impactos económicos. Por via da revisão bibliográfica realizada, foi possível chegar-se a três resultados principais: que as áreas do conhecimento que mais têm pesquisado sobre o tema são as de finanças e economia; que o maior impacto económico da tecnologia blockchain deriva da sua aplicação no sector financeiro, a partir da criação da primeira moeda digital a bitcoin, tornando o comercio electrónico e as operações financeiras mais rápidas, seguras e a menor custo marginal, ou seja, mais eficientes e finalmente que dado o seu caracter altamente desrruptivo a tecnologia blockchain está a alterar o modelo de negócio das empresas.
O impacto do Banco de Leite na prevalência do aleitamento materno no Brasil
Authors: Lima Milena Procópio de , Carvalho Maria das Graças Freitas de
Published: May 2024

O Banco de Leite Humano é uma ação estratégica da Política Nacional de Aleitamento Materno e tem um papel fundamental na promoção, proteção e apoio às nutrizes e puérperas durante a amamentação. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo revisar o impacto do Banco de Leite Humano na prevalência da amamentação no Brasil e fatores associados. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, cuja busca foi realizada nas bases de dados Scielo, Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde e Pubmed. Foram usados os seguintes descritores: Banco de Leite Humano, Aleitamento materno e Brasil. Foram resgatados 51 artigos publicados nos últimos 5 anos. Após a remoção de duplicatas, e de artigos que não abordavam a amamentação e a doação de leite humano, selecionou-se 19 artigos. Os resultados analisados demonstraram que as nutrizes que receberam orientações ainda no período pré-natal, apresentaram uma maior prevalência de: amamentação na primeira hora de vida; amamentação exclusiva até os 6 meses; amamentação sobre livre demanda; e menor uso de suplementos alimentares e bicos artificiais. Conclui-se que os Banco de Leite Humano tem se configurado como uma estratégia fundamental de informação, incentivo e apoio à prática da amamentação, desempenhando um importante papel no aumento da prevalência do aleitamento materno, em especial o aleitamento materno exclusivo.
Envolvimento cardíaco na infecção por Dengue - uma revisão abrangente sobre fisiopatologia, epidemiologia, manifestações clínicas, diagnóstico e tratamento
Authors: Silva Julia Sampaio , Trindade Amanda Teixeira , Pinto Bianca Fernanda , Franco Raquel Pinheiro Linhares , Faria Yasmin Barros Dias
Published: May 2024

O envolvimento cardíaco na infecção por dengue é uma complicação complexa e multifacetada que merece atenção especial devido às suas implicações significativas na morbidade e mortalidade dos pacientes afetados. A fisiopatologia desta condição é caracterizada por uma resposta inflamatória descontrolada desencadeada pelo vírus da dengue, que pode levar a uma série de alterações no sistema cardiovascular. Em termos de epidemiologia, estudos têm demonstrado uma associação significativa entre a gravidade da infecção por dengue e o envolvimento cardíaco. Em áreas endêmicas, onde a prevalência da doença é alta, casos de dengue com complicações cardíacas são mais comuns, destacando a importância da vigilância ativa e do manejo precoce para evitar complicações graves. As manifestações clínicas podem variar consideravelmente, desde sintomas leves, como palpitações e dispneia, até complicações potencialmente fatais, como choque cardiogênico e insuficiência cardíaca aguda. Além disso, arritmias cardíacas, pericardite e miocardite também podem ocorrer. O diagnóstico preciso dessas manifestações muitas vezes requer uma abordagem multidisciplinar, incluindo exames clínicos minuciosos, avaliação laboratorial de biomarcadores cardíacos e exames de imagem, como ecocardiografia. O tratamento é baseado principalmente em medidas de suporte e controle dos sintomas. Isso inclui a administração cuidadosa de líquidos para manter a perfusão adequada dos órgãos, controle da pressão arterial e suporte ventilatório, quando necessário. Em casos mais graves, intervenções específicas podem ser necessárias, como o uso de agentes inotrópicos e vasopressores para otimizar a função cardíaca. Além disso, em situações selecionadas, a administração de corticosteróides e imunoglobulinas intravenosas pode ser considerada para modular a resposta inflamatória. Por fim, a identificação precoce dos sintomas, o diagnóstico preciso e a implementação de medidas terapêuticas adequadas são fundamentais para melhorar os desfechos clínicos e reduzir o impacto negativo dessa complicação potencialmente grave.
Doenças respiratórias crônicas e repercussões na gestação: revisão integrativa
Authors: Ribeiro Rangel da Silva , Lopes Sálua Elisandra , Godoi Mateus Luiz de , Santos Giovanna Fontana , Santos Eduardo Henrique Bastos , Porto David dos Santos , Araújo Emylly de Godoi , Alves Lucas Parizi , Oliveira Thiago Souza de , Welter Laura Silva , Anselmo Vitória Regina Silva , Schulz Vitor Coelho
Published: May 2024

INTRODUÇÃO: A gestação promove alterações na fisiologia das vias aéreas. Nesse cenário, doenças respiratórias crônicas repercutem na gravidez, sendo que entre as principais doenças estão a asma, a doença pulmonar intersticial e a fibrose cística. OBJETIVOS: Avaliar as repercussões das doenças respiratórias crônicas na gestação e a existência de complicações associadas.  METODOLOGIA: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa na base de dados PUBMED utilizando os descritores: “PREGNANCY AND RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES AND COMPLICATIONS’’ para artigos publicados entre 2020 e 2024. RESULTADOS: A prevalência de asma em mulheres gestantes é aproximadamente 2,9%, é significativa a relação com diferentes comorbidades associadas, como a hipertensão crônica, diabetes mellitus e afecções tireoidianas. Cabe ressaltar que mulheres asmáticas possuem maiores riscos de desenvolver diabetes gestacional, descolamento prematuro da placenta, rotura prematura de membranas e principalmente o trabalho de parto prematuro.  As doenças pulmonares crônicas, como bronquiectasias, sarcoidose e fibrose cística, tendem à descompensação durante o período gestacional, 50% das gestantes apresentam crises em algum momento da gravidez e 16% passam todo o período descompensadas, efeitos adversos como infertilidade também são evidenciados. Em relação ao tratamento da asma, é consensual sua manutenção durante o período da gravidez, contudo corticosteroides sistêmicos são contraindicados no primeiro trimestre da gravidez. CONCLUSÃO: Na gestação, a mulher está mais suscetível a desenvolver doenças respiratórias crônicas, em casos que a gestante é uma portadora, pode ocorrer uma piora do quadro. Entre as principais repercussões estão as doenças que afetam o sistema cardiovasculares, diabetes gestacional e parto cesariano.
Sintomas gastrointestinais da dengue
Authors: Pereira Arthur Hemétrio Andrade , Andrade Julia Hallak , Maia Rafael Peixoto , Pereira Renata de Melo , Freire Fabricio Ferreira
Published: May 2024

Introdução: A dengue é uma doença viral transmitida pela picada de mosquitos fêmeas, principalmente do tipo Aedes aegypti, e em menor medida pelo tipo Aedes albopictus que também são responsáveis pela transmissão da chikungunya e zika. A dengue é uma doença endêmica no Brasil conhecida por seus sintomas clássicos, como febre alta, dor de cabeça e dor muscular. Os sintomas gastrointestinais também são comuns e podem desempenhar um papel importante na apresentação clínica da doença. Objetivo: O intuito da pesquisa é apresentar tópicos e informações sobre o manejo da doença e suas sintomatologias, a fim de se propagar informações sobre a progressão da infecção viral no organismo, incluindo os possíveis marcadores clínicos de gravidade. Métodos: Os esforços implicados nesta pesquisa, voltaram-se para uma revisão integrativa de literatura. Discussão: De acordo com o Ministério da Saúde, a dengue pode ser dividida clinicamente em três fases: a fase febril ou aguda, seguida pela fase crítica, que se inicia com a regressão da febre, e a fase de recuperação espontânea. Os sintomas gastrointestinais geralmente não são considerados típicos da doença pelo vírus da dengue, no entanto, múltiplos estudos documentaram a sua presença em cerca de 80% dos casos, especialmente em idade pediátrica. Os distúrbios sistêmicos podem ter manifestações gastrointestinais caracterizadas por náusea, vômitos, diarreia, constipação, dor abdominal, icterícia e testes de função hepática anormais. Conclusão: Verificou-se que os sintomas gastrointestinais são comuns em pacientes que apresentam dengue em curso. Os sorotipos que mais estavam relacionados com as manifestações do trato digestivo foram DEN-3 e DEN-4. O acompanhamento multidisciplinar e suporte são as principais ferramentas de ajuda nos quadros dengue.
Estado nutricional de crianças menores de 5 anos residentes no município de Ipameri, Goiás
Authors: Costa Graziela de Souza , Pereira Cristina Camargo , Perfeito Danielle Godinho de Araújo
Published: May 2024

A análise do estado nutricional de crianças contribui para a formulação de estratégias mais direcionadas e eficientes, visando promover a saúde e prevenir doenças relacionadas à nutrição inadequada nesse ciclo da vida. Este estudo analisa o estado nutricional de crianças menores de 5 anos residentes no município de Ipameri, Goiás, com base nos dados do Sistema de Vigilância Alimentar e Nutricional (SISVAN). Trata-se de um estudo ecológico de séries temporais que abrange o período de 2012 a 2022. A variação percentual anual da classificação do estado nutricional foi estimada utilizando regressão de Prais-Winsten. Foram analisados dados de 5.670 crianças no período mencionado. Em relação à variável Peso por Idade, crucial para identificar casos de desnutrição e obesidade, observou-se que 1,8% das crianças apresentaram peso muito baixo para a idade, 2,2% peso baixo para idade, 85,8% eutrofia e 10,0% peso elevado para a idade. Conclui-se que a prevalência do estado nutricional eutrófico foi mais significativa, embora tenham sido observados resultados relevantes para magreza, sobrepeso e obesidade. Quanto à cobertura do SISVAN, houve um crescimento até 2012 (14,06%), seguido por uma queda significativa entre 2019 (30,81%) e 2020 (17,87%), possivelmente devido à pandemia da COVID-19. No entanto, houve um aumento da cobertura em 2022 (38,65%), sendo o ano com maior cobertura. A média de cobertura do SISVAN durante o período estudado foi de 29,34%.
Tratamento endovascular com uso de plug de comunicação interventricular de pseudoaneurisma de ventrículo esquerdo
Authors: Mendes Rodrigo , Kamitani Hideki Zimermann , Carmo Vanessa Ellen Silva , Tenório Pedro Pereira , Fonseca José Honório de Almeida Palma da
Published: May 2024

Relatar o caso de um paciente tratado em um hospital universitário na cidade de São Paulo, admitido por apresentar um pseudoaneurisma do ventrículo esquerdo após histórico de duas cirurgias cardíacas invasivas. Foi realizado o registro dos dados do paciente de acordo com os dados da sua entrevista, em conjunto com os resultados dos exames realizados no serviço e a análise do seu prontuário desde o momento da sua admissão. Além disso, também está presente no trabalho informações provenientes da revisão de literatura. O pseudoaneurisma do ventrículo esquerdo é uma rara complicação, com alta mortalidade, que está geralmente associada a eventos cardíacos e cirurgias. As manifestações clínicas são geralmente inespecíficas, no entanto, o diagnóstico precoce é crucial, com tratamentos variando de abordagens cirúrgicas tradicionais a métodos percutâneos. Tradicionalmente, o reparo cirúrgico tem sido o tratamento de escolha, porém com o avanço no desenvolvimento de variedades dos dispositivos de fechamento para defeitos do septo interventricular, a abordagem percutânea deve ser considerada.