bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study on individualized prostate biopsy guided by prostate specific antigen at different ranges
Authors: Song Jin-Qi , Zhou Ya-Nan , Tu Gang-Liang , Xu Hui , Ding Meng
Published: January 2022

Background: Prostate specific antigen (PSA) is the most commonly used indicator for screening of prostate cancer(PCa), and the studies on PSA in PCa are very extensive at present. How to effectively use this indicator is worth for further study which this article wish to address. 
Objective: The aim of this study is to explore how PSA in different ranges can better guide the individualized prostate biopsy. 
Methods: A total of 117 patients with suspected PCa admitted to the Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College from October 2018 to July 2020 were selected as the research subjects. PSA level and ratio of free and total PSA (F/TPSA) value of each patient were measured, and ultrasound-guided transrectal prostate biopsy was conducted for each patient, and then the PSA measurement results were compared with the prostate biopsy results. 
Results: The result of biopsy was PCa in 40 cases, BPH in 77 cases. The positive expression rates of Group I in BPH and PCa patients were 25.97% and 87.50%, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05).The positive expression rates of Group II in BPH and PCa patients were 10.39% and 75.00%, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and diagnostic coincidence rates of Group I and Group II were 87.50%, 74.03%, 63.63%, 78.63% and 75.00%, 89.61%, 78.94% and 84.62%, respectively. 
Conclusion: Under different TPSA intervals, F/T < 0.16 has different diagnostic efficacy for PCa. Group I is more sensitive and suitable for early screening. Group II has stronger specificity in the diagnosis of PCa, Higher diagnostic coincidence rate, and has more diagnostic advantages before biopsy. Selecting Group II can help clinicians make more patient-friendly decisions and reduce the incidence of complications related to biopsy. According to patients’ aspiration for biopsy, auxiliary examinations such as magnetic resonance scan of prostate and bone scan should be performed actively for patients who meet the criteria I if they refuse to undergo biopsy. On the premise of not affecting PCa secondary prevention as much as possible, a more individualized biopsy plan was developed for patients.
Correlation of Imprint and Crush cytology with Bronchoscopic biopsy in the diagnosis of Bronchogenic carcinoma
Authors: Karki Pratikchya , Neupane Samir , Dhungana Ashesh , Tiwari Sumida
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Lung carcinoma is the most common cancer with 2.1 million (11.6%) newly diagnosed cases in 2018. Over the years, many cytotechniques have been developed but their combination with histology is still an area of controversy. Imprint and crush cytology are considered simple, rapid and cost effective for a low resource setting in the early diagnosis and management of lung cancer. Here, we aimed to assess the diagnostic accuracy of imprint and crush cytology and compare them with histopathology. 
Method: A prospective study was conducted from May 2017 to April 2018 at the Pulmonary medicine unit and Department of Pathology at National Academy of Medical Sciences (NAMS), Bir Hospital. A total of 53 patients were enrolled in the study who showed visible mass on bronchoscopy. Three to five bits of tissue were obtained, imprint and crush smear were prepared from them and the tissue were then sent for histopathological examination. The level of significance selected was p < 0.005. 
Results: The most common age group affected was 60-69 years. 91% cases were smokers, with a male predominance. The most common location of endobronchial growth was left upper lobe. 43 cases were malignant in biopsy. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy and positive predictive value of imprint cytology was 71.05%, 87.50%, 73.91% and 96.43% respectively while that for crush cytology was 74.36%, 75%, 74.47% and 93.55% respectively. The diagnostic yield of imprint, crush smear and forceps biopsy were 52.8%, 58.4% and 81.1% respectively. Squamous cell carcinoma was the most common carcinoma in this study. 
Conclusion: Imprint and crush cytology yield additional information that can be complementary to endobronchial biopsy. They are convenient, do not burden the patients and thus can be carried out wherever possible during bronchoscopy.
Analysis of Trends and Management Pattern of Educational Aid in Nepal
Authors: Dahal Ananta
Published: January 2022

This research article, “Analysis of Trends and Management Pattern of Educational Aid in Nepal: An Empirical Analysis” aims to analyze the trends and management pattern of education aid in Nepal. Aid is the essential means to remove the bottleneck of development in Nepal. Since 1952 AD international donors have been supporting education sector reforms in Nepal with individual basis. Aid program Education for All (EFA), (2004-2009 AD) was established with donors and Nepal Government Joint Financing Agreement (JFA) for the school education reform. Then after, EFA (2001-2015) established education aid for the reform of primary education in Nepal. This research used the secondary data from the different sources of information and used the descriptive research design for data analysis. The researchers concluded that the educational aid trend is in increasing way in each year, only effective management will fulfill the target and increase the effectiveness of the educational aid in the context of Nepal.
Ubhauli and Udhuali: Application of Symbolic Ecology and Ecological Symbolism in Kirat-Rai in Eastern Nepal
Authors: Dahal Bishnu Prasad
Published: January 2022

The aim of this article is to explore how the Ubhauli and Udhauli are functioning as a mechanism to maintain the socio-cultural and economic-ecological balance between populations and resources with the help of symbolic and ecological perspectives These great and holy festivals of KiratRais through which they can understand symbolic ecology and ecological symbolism in Kirat world through which Kirat can easily understand the nature, ecology and culture for their adaptation. Ubhauli and Udhauli festivals offer the social harmony, solidarity, integration through the socialization and such entertainment; works as mechanism of conflict resolution in socio-cultural, religious, ecological, economically, linguistically etc. to cope with the existing environmental, cultural and social problems of the Kirat world. The festivals Ubhauli and Udhauli are celebrated twice in a year. April and November are the celebrating months which appear through seasonal changes that help to bring society in order through repetitions and re-beginnings.
Impact of Remittance in Women Education: An Empirical Study
Authors: Sapkota Bhaba Datta , Malakar Indra Mali
Published: January 2022

This study aims at exploring the impact of remittance on women's education while employing descriptive cum cross sectional research design. For this purpose, conveniently Raghuganga Rural Municipality, Ward no. 3, (Mauwaphant area), Myagdi District of Gandaki Province and to well represent the universe, 19 households were randomly selected receiving the remittance. Fieldwork method including in-depth interviews, semi-structured questionnaires, focus group discussion, key informants interview, and case study were the basic tools used in this study for obtaining the primary data which were then analyzed by using simple statistical tools such as tabulation, classification, frequency and percentage. The study argues that remittance raises school enrollment, school completion rate, and private school enrolment and thus improving the educational status of women in general and girls in particular in comparison to the past and have brought the qualitative change in children’s educational status. It concludes that remittance can lift budget constraints, thereby providing children in remittance-receiving households the opportunity to go to school and finally directly benefits the households. Wrapping up, this type of study is pertinent as it would attract public attention in terms of policy that could lead to extensive positive policy initiatives for more detailed discussions and their productive usages for crucial policy concern in Nepal.
The Environmentalist and Development Value Paradox in Bangladesh: Case of Rampal Power Plant and the ‘Save Sundarbans’ Movement
Authors: Al Farabi Fahima
Published: January 2022

From the past decade, Bangladesh has shown a strong drive toward economic growth and in the process of achieving the related goal of becoming a middle-income country, it has adopted a power system plan that is heavily dependent on fossil fuels. As a result, there was a certain plan to build several coal powered plants, among which the most debated remains the plant initiated near the largest mangrove forest in the country, the Sundarbans. This power plant, called the Rampal power plant, has seen the emergence of a strong urban environmental movement resisting it. The anti-Rampal or ‘Save Sundarbans’ movement showcases the environment versus development discourses elaborately, with each side- the government and the environmental activists advancing their respective arguments supporting or opposing the plant under construction. This paper attempts to view these arguments through the lens of value theories, i.e. what are the values of either parties regarding the power plant and how they uphold these values. In a related vain, the environmentalist approach(s) of the movement are analyzed, as well as the development centered values of the state are analyzed within the energy/power sector context. Methods of critical discourse analysis were applied to analyze the public debate that ensued regarding the power plant.
The Legal Status of “Migrants” according to the European Union Legislation
Authors: Dură Nicolae V.
Published: January 2022

Given that “migration” is a global phenomenon, the international community as a whole had to provide it with a legal basis and to find global solutions, as proven à l’évidence by both the international and the European legislation and the “Global Compact for Migration” approved by the European Council. As is well known, the European Union legislation consists of the texts of its official instruments, such as conventions, treaties, declarations, etc., in which we also find, in fact, the principles stated in the international instruments, which have, indeed, the force of jus cogens for all the states of the world, concerning the universal human rights, including, thus, the rights of the migrants. However, even in terms of their policy regarding migrants, the member states of the European Union have not only applied the principles stated in these international instruments, but they also have enacted a special legislation, and they have taken concrete measures for the implementation of its rules. In the present article I offer the reader the possibility to become acquainted not only with the text of the legislation of the European Union regarding migrants, but also with the policy and the actions taken by the European states for the implementation of the international legislation, and of the European one regarding the social rights of the migrants as workers.
BEHAVIOR OF GLASS FIBER GEOPLOYMER BUBBLE SLABS EXPOSED TO FIRE FLAME
Authors:   Civil Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq, K. Jawad Hussain , A. Waryosh Waleed ,   Civil Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq
Published: January 2022

In the present study, eight specimens of Reinforced concrete Geopolymer bubbled slab exposed to fire flame and tested under punching shear failure with dimensions (45*45*7 cm), steel armature (Ø3@25), plastic ball diameter (4 mm) and concrete cover (1.5 cm) and the use of two percentages of fiberglass (0.5%-1%) and the variable temperatures were (150- 300- 450 ˚C) with a burning time of 30 minutes. From the results of laboratory tests, when the Geopolymer reinforced concrete bubbled slabs exposed to high temperatures, it did not occur to spalling, and the reason for that is that Geopolymer concrete has the ability to resist heat due to the fact that it's main compounds are materials burned at high temperatures. And also, it was noticed in examining a punching shear stress of the models with fibers (0.5%) that the ultimate load increased by (4.5%) for the model burned at a temperature of (150 ˚C) and a decrease in the ultimate load was (40%) for the models burned at temperatures (300 ˚C) and a decrease in the ultimate load by (30%) for the models burned at temperatures (450 ˚C). Also, it was noticed in examining a punching shear stress of the models with fibers (1%) that the ultimate load increased by (6%) for the model burned at a temperature of (150 ˚C) and a decrease in the ultimate load was (36%) for the models with temperatures (300 ˚C) and a decrease in the ultimate load by (27%) for the models burned at temperatures (450 ˚C).
NUMERICAL EVALUATION OF SLAB THICKNESS EFFECT ON THE IMPACT BEHAVIOR OF CONCRETE SLABS REINFORCED WITH CFRP BARS
Authors:   Civil Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq, A. Dheyab Mohammed , K. Medhlom Mu’taz ,   Civil Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq
Published: January 2022

Theoretical investigation of the nonlinear behavior of concrete slabs reinforced with CFRP bars subjected to a single impact load is presented in this paper. For predicting the impact load on a concrete slab, there are several methods, some of which are impractical or prohibitively pricey; however, due to significant technological advancements, simulation methods instead of experimental approaches have become common methods and a cost-effective matter for developing detailed responses. The purpose of this paper is to numerically investigate the effect of slab thickness on the impact response of concrete slabs reinforced with (CFRP) bars when subjected to a single impacting load, so as to well understand their behavior which are considered modern topics and rarely highlighted. Three specimens (1800×1800) mm, with three thicknesses 80, 130 and 180 mm, simply supported by their corners, have been modelled, one reference specimen of 130 mm thickness. The reference slab numerically validated with an experimental work from literature under dropping-weight of 150 kg, it was a flat-nosed rigid steel (300*300*700) mm projectile, used to apply impacting load, which is falling freely from a height of 3.26 m. To assess slab behavior, impact force-time, displacement-time and reaction force-time histories had been plotted and discussed. The analytical results showed that slab thickness is a control factor and better performance in slabs reinforced with CFRP bars, can be achieved by increasing slab stiffness via its thickness increase.
A STATE OF THE ART REVIEW OF EFFICIENCY THE FLEXURAL STRENGTHENING OF REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAM BY USING FIBER REINFORCEMENT POLYMER MATERIALS
Authors:   Civil Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq, S. Abdullah Wissam , F. Hassan Hassan ,   Civil Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq
Published: January 2022

Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) materials are commonly used in civil engineering construction purposes owing their advantages like lightweight, corrosion resistance, high strength, various types available, ease of installation, lower installation costs, shorter construction time and lower maintenance cost [1]. Over the last few decades, flexural Reinforced Concrete (RC) beams reinforcement and maintenance with Near-Surface Mounted (NSM) or Externally Bonded Reinforcement (EBR) Fiber Reinforced Polymer has gained considerable interest and obtained widespread acceptance among civil engineers [2]. This paper reviews previous research on RC beam strengthening by NSM or EBR FRP technique and show the effects of FRP strengthening on flexural strength of RC beam.
On the solvability of a semi-periodic boundary value problem for the nonlinear Goursat equation
Authors:   Karagandy University of the name of academician E.A. Buketov, Orumbayeva N.T. , Tokmagambetova T.D. ,   Karagandy University of the name of academician E.A. Buketov, Nurgalieva Zh.N. ,   Karagandy University of the name of academician E.A. Buketov
Published: January 2022

In this paper, by means of a change of variables, a nonlinear semi-periodic boundary value problem for the Goursat equation is reduced to a linear gravity problem for hyperbolic equations. Reintroducing a new function, the obtained problem is reduced to a family of boundary value problems for ordinary differential equations and functional relations. When solving a family of boundary value problems for ordinary differential equations, the parameterization method is used. The application of this approach made it possible to establish the coefficients of the unique solvability of the semi-periodic problem for the Goursat equation and to propose constructive algorithms for finding an approximate solution.
Averaging method and two-sided bounded solutions on the axis of systems with impulsive effects at non-fixed times
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Stanzhytskyi O.N. , Assanova A.T. ,   Institute of Mathematics and Mathematical Modeling, Mukash M.A. ,   K.Zhubanov Aktobe Regional State University
Published: January 2022

The averaging method, originally offered by Krylov and Bogolyubov for ordinary differential equations, is one of the most widespread and effective methods for the analysis of nonlinear dynamical systems. Further, the averaging method was developed and applied for investigating of various problems. Impulsive systems of differential equations supply as mathematical models of objects that, during their evolution, they are subjected to the action of short-term forces. Many researches have been devoted to non-fixed impulse problems. For these problems, the existence, stability, and other asymptotic properties of solutions were studied and boundary value problems for impulsive systems were considered. Questions of the existence of periodic and almost periodic solutions to impulsive systems also were examined. In this paper, the averaging method is used to study the existence of two-sided solutions bounding on the axis of impulse systems of differential equations with non-fixed times. It is shown that a one-sided, bounding, asymptotically stable solution to the averaged system generates a two-sided solution to the exact system. The closeness of the corresponding solutions of the exact and averaged systems both on finite and infinite time intervals is substantiated by the first and second theorems of N.N. Bogolyubov.
On Jonsson varieties and quasivarieties
Authors:   Karagandy University of the name of academician E.A. Buketov, Yeshkeyev A.R.
Published: January 2022

In this paper, new objects of research are identified, both from the standpoint of model theory and from the standpoint of universal algebra. Particularly, the Jonsson spectra of the Jonsson varieties and the Jonsson quasivarieties are considered. Basic concepts of 3 types of convexity are given: locally convex theory, ϕ(x)-convex theory, J-ϕ(x)-convex theory. Also, the inner and outer worlds of the model of the class of theories are considered. The main result is connected with the question of W. Forrest, which is related to the existential closed ness of an algebraically closed variety. This article gives a sufficient condition for a positive answer to this question.
Generalization of the Hardy-Littlewood theorem on Fourier series
Authors:   Karagandy University of the name of academician E.A. Buketov, Bitimkhan S.
Published: January 2022

In the theory of one-dimensional trigonometric series, the Hardy-Littlewood theorem on Fourier series with monotone Fourier coefficients is of great importance. Multidimensional versions of this theorem have been extensively studied for the Lebesgue space. Significant differences of the multidimensional variants in comparison with the one-dimensional case are revealed and the strengthening of this theorem is obtained. The Hardy-Littlewood theorem is also generalized for various function spaces and various types of monotonicity of the series coefficients. Some of these generalizations can be seen in works of M.F. Timan, M.I. Dyachenko, E.D. Nursultanov, S. Tikhonov. In this paper, a generalization of the Hardy-Littlewood theorem for double Fourier series of a function in the space L_qϕ(L_q)(0,2π]^2 is obtained.
On Hadamard Product of Hypercomplex Numbers
Authors:   Kastamonu University, Da¸sdemir A.
Published: January 2022

Certain product rules take various forms in the set of hypercomplex numbers. In this paper, we introduce a new multiplication form of the hypercomplex numbers that will be called «the Hadamard product», inspired by the analogous product in the real matrix space, and investigate some algebraic properties of that, including the norm of inequality. In particular, we extend our new definition and its applications to the complex matrix theory.
Quality of Information Available on YouTube Videos Pertaining to Bariatric Surgery
Authors: MD Berrin Erok , MD Hüseyin Akyol
Published: January 2022

YouTube is one of the most frequently used online sources providing easy access to health information with a large, diverse, and searchable video library. However, an unregulated policy and lack of peer-review process are important disadvantages. Accordingly, while based on thousands of surgical, animated, oral presentation and patient-experience videos, the information provided by YouTube videos is considered questionable in terms of quality, accuracy and credibility.
Child Neglect: What Is It, What Causes It and How We Can Minimize It?
Authors: Rokach Ami , M. Ohayon-Inger Karen
Published: January 2022

Almost all forms of abuse include child neglect, and still the professional and clinical community is only now starting to focus attention to this phenomenon and its short- and long-term effects. This paper begins with defining child neglect, what causes parents to neglect the children which they are supposed to love and protect, and the protective factors that parents and the community must be aware of and utilize in protecting kids.
Ethical and Bioethical Aspects in the Use of Stem Cells in Chronic Spinal Cord Injuries
Authors: Rodríguez Pedro Rolando López , Benitez Herrera Alberto
Published: January 2022

One of the fundamental dogmas maintained in neuroscience until the last century held that regeneration of the nervous system cannot occur in stages of adult life. However, it has been shown in several species during the postnatal stage and throughout life, that new neurons continue to be generated in some places in the human body. Objectives: The research was: to evaluate ethical and bioethical aspects in patients who were treated with an autologous stem cell implant in chronic spinal cord injuries. Method. An analysis is made of the ethical aspects that accompany the implantation of autologous stem cells in chronic spinal cord injuries. The results are evaluated at the "Enrique Cabrera" Surgical Clinical Teaching Hospital. Results: Ethical dilemmas are expressed and that have, among their relevant principles, the inviolability of human life. In higher animals, stem cells according to their evolutionary state can be embryonic and somatic or adult. Currently there is an extraordinary controversy about which stem cells to use from embryonic or adult ones, a debate in which both scientific, ethical, religious, social and political aspects have been included. One aspect of the scientific debate is related to the generative capacity of tumors by embryonic cells. From the ethical point of view, it has been argued that the use of human embryonic stem cells implies the destruction of embryos and it has been considered that life begins at the same moment of the union of the sperm with the ovum and that this would be equivalent to the destruction of a human life which would not be justifiable. Others do not agree with these criteria and argue that their use to save lives through research or therapy would be justified. Conclusions The physical disability produced by a chronic spinal cord injury raises an ethical dilemma about the use of stem cells, anticipating that the main controversy about this action has to do fundamentally with the way in which they are obtained.
Mortality Rate in Covid-19 Positive Patients with Acute Kidney Injury Requiring Hemodialysis
Authors: Zubair Zarafshan , Hussain Mehdi , Iftikhar Sarah , Tanweer Elya , Batool Baresham
Published: January 2022

Introduction: According to statistics till April, 2020 1,995,983 cases and 131,037 deaths have been reported globally with COVID-19 being a global threat posing great challenges to the healthcare system. Clinical data reviews and researchers have revealed that COVID-19 affects multiple organ especially liver, kidney and heart with primary damage to the respiratory system. Acute kidney injury and COVID-19 infection has been found to be linked to each other but the etiology remains unclear still. Method: This is an observational retrospective study conducted in nephrology department of Patel Hospital, Karachi. Data was collected retrospectively from medical records of patients. The study was carried out during the time period of March, 2020 till May 2021 for duration of 15 months. Patients with positive COVID-19 PCR and having AKI requiring hemodialysis were included in the study. Data was collected by complete evaluation of COVID-19 patient records and their symptoms, clinical status and final outcome during their hospital stay was noted. Results: The frequency of acute kidney injury requiring hemodialysis in our tertiary care setup was found to be 12.2% (n=41). Amongst these there were 53.7% males (n=22) and 46.3% females (n=19) and the mean age of patients was found to be 64.82+ 11.2 years. The mean level of lymphocyte count was found to be 11.3 + 4.8 *109/L. The in hospital mortality of COVID-19 positive patients having AKI was documented to be 73.2% (n=30) as shown in table-4. The other group of patients included 11 patients who recovered from acute kidney injury after hemodialysis sessions and were discharged from the hospital. Conclusion: Since COVID-19 infection became pandemic in 2020 there still needs to be a lot of research done in different populations. Hospitalized patients with COVID-19 infection should be Screen for kidney impairment and provided proper treatment. There has been found a very close association between the severity of acute kidney injury and mortality among the critically ill patients.
Re-Print: An Interesting Case of Disseminated Tuberculoma of Brain and Spinal Cord Type of Study: Case Report
Authors: Sakalecha Anil Kumar , Keerthi B H Parameshwar , S Varun , G Savagave Shivaprasad
Published: January 2022

Tuberculosis is an important public problem worldwide from 19th century. Manifestations of tuberculosis widely classified as pulmonary and extra pulmonary manifestations. Central nervous system (CNS) tuberculosis is a serious condition where patients most often present with seizure. Tuberculoma is one of the CNS manifestations of tuberculosis. The imaging feature of tuberculoma is ring enhancing lesions. Tuberculoma should be differentiated from other diseases with ring enhancing lesions like neurocysticercosis, coccidiomycosis, toxoplasmosis and malignancies.
Reprint: Peculiarities of expression of apoptosis markers in the tissues of primary fallopian tubes carcinoma
Authors: Unawunwa Franklin , Hyriavenko Natalia , Korobchanska Anna , Lyndin Mykola , Sikora Vladyslav
Published: January 2022

Aim: immunohistochemical analysis of apoptosis markers in the tissue of PFTC. Introduction: Primary fallopian tubes carcinoma is a rare case among oncological diseases of female genital organs, but the mortality rate is rather high. Nowadays, the prognostic factors of this neoplasia are not fully determined. The data on the p53 and bcl2 proteins expression and their use as prognostic factors in patients with malignant tumors of many locations are contradictory. Methods: the study was conducted on 66 samples of fallopian tubes tumor tissue. To study the apoptosis peculiarities of tumor cells the mouse monoclonal antibodies for bcl-2 (clone 100/D5) and p53 (clone SP5) were used. Mathematic calculations were done using Microsoft Excel 2010 with AtteStat 12.0.5. Results: The high expression of p53 was found in patients of all clinical stages. Mutations of p53 increased with spreading of the neoplastic process. Strong correlation of p53 presence in tumor samples and clinical stage of the disease was determined (r=0.77). In contrast to the abovementioned protein the study of bcl-2 showed the moderate negative correlation between this protein and the stage of the disease (r=−0.54). Analysis of the dependence of p53 expression with the presence or absence of lymph nodes metastasis showed a direct correlation between the indicators (r=0.25). Thus the level of p53 expression in patients with N1 was 80.6±2.7% compared with the N0 group (29.7±3.6%). The stage of neoplasia differentiation is in moderate direct correlation with p53 expression (r=0.58) and in inverse with – bcl-2 (r=−0.64). Conclusion: Expression of p53 depends on neoplasia spreading and stage of tumor differentiation. The expression of p53 is an independent prognostic marker for N-status and helps to classify the patients into “risk” groups.
Intractable/ Persistent Hiccups Due to Acute Subdural Haemorrhage as a Result of Prolonged Inr in a 55 Year Old Man with Rheumatic Mitral Valvular Heart Disease and Atrial Fibrillation: A Case Report
Authors: Pyar Khin Phyu , Hla Sai Aik , Myint Win , Shwe Win Kyaw , Hlaing Soe Win , Tun Zaw Min , Aung Han Lin , Oo Phyo Htet , Lin Kyaw Zayar , Zaw Moe Tun , Ya Kyaw Zay , Kyaw Myo Thant , Aung Nay Myo , Lin Than Naing , Htun Soe Moe , Aung Zay Phyo
Published: January 2022

A 58 year old man was brought to hospital in state of deep coma following severe headache for one day. His GCS was 3/15 and had flaccid all 4 limbs with equivocal planter response on both sides on arrival. NECT head showed acute subdural haemorrhage with surrounding cerebral oedema, mid-line shift and corning of brain stem. After giving mannitol and dexamethasone, four hours later, he became fully conscious and orientated; his motor power returned to normal. He was on warfarin 3mg daily for rheumatic mitral valvular heart disease with atrial fibrillation and his INR on arrival was 3.5. He had intractable hiccups once he regained consciousness. Both pharmacological and non-pharmacological measures were tried for distressing hiccups; there was no therapeutic success. His hiccups disappeared completely only after removing the haematoma by burr hole surgery.
The Evaluation of PSA levels in Libyan Prostate Cancer Patients
Authors: Alqawi Omar , Elshahmi Eman , Emaetig Fatma , Elgaraboli Fauzia , Abushnaf Abubaker
Published: January 2022

Background: Prostate cancer is the second most frequent cancer and the fifth leading cause of cancer death in men with higher prevalence in the developed countries. The use of biomarkers for prostate cancer can improve the diagnosis of prostate cancer and clinical management of the patients. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is widely used to screen for prostate cancer and there is evidence that PSA testing reduces prostate cancer mortality. Objective: In this report we have studied the relationship between the Gleason score, age and PSA levels of prostate adenocarcinoma tissues from Libyan patients to evaluate the levels of PSA in prostate cancer patients. Materials and methods: The data was collected from medical files of 40 patients who underwent curative surgical prostatectomy or prostate true cut biopsy at National Cancer Institute (NCI)-Misurata, Libya during 2016 to 2018. The clinical and histopathological information included age, PSA levels, and Gleason score grade. Results: Our data showed that PSA level was statistically significant correlation with Gleason score grade (p- value = 0.007, <0.05). The increased serum PSA level was associated with the progression of prostate cancer. However, we found no statistically significant correlation between PSA and the age of patients (p- value = 0.435). Conclusion: Our data confirmed the association of high levels of PSA and the progress of prostate cancer.
Assessment of the Haematological Alterations in Cervical Cancer Patients Attending Sabratha
Authors: Azab Azab Elsayed , Abushofa Fikry Ali , Al Ghawi Hajar Musa
Published: January 2022

Background: Cervix cancer is one of the most common cancers in women worldwide, and is the third most common malignant disease in women. It is one of the main health problems in Libyan women. Blood act as a pathological reflector of the status of exposed patient to infections and other conditions. Laboratory tests on the blood are vital tools that help detect any deviation from normal in the human body As the disease progresses, changes appear in haematological parameters which have been of relevant consideration in context of cancer patients. Objectives: The present study aimed to evaluate the alterations in haematological parameters among cervical cancer patients in Sabratha National Cancer Institute. Subjects and Methods: The present study was conducted on 150 cervical cancer patients, attending the National Cancer Institute of Sabratha from the 11th February, 2006 to the 3rd February, 2020. This study was approved by the Research and Ethical Committee of Sabratha University and Sabratha National Cancer Institute. Age was extracted from patient files. Also, 60 healthy individuals without any chronic disease were recruited for the control group. Blood samples were collected by vein puncture, 3 ml of venous blood withdrawn from each participant in the study by using disposable syringes under aseptic technique; they then transferred to a sterile EDTA tube, for complete blood count. The statistical significance of differences between groups was evaluated with the Mann Whitney U test. Results: The results showed that the mean age of the cervix cancer patients was 53.37±11.6 years.RBCs count, hemoglobin concentration, Hct value, MCH, MCHC, and lymphocytes % were significantly (P<0.01) decreased compared with the healthy individuals. On the other hand, leukocytes and platelets count, mixed %, neutrophils %, PLTs/Lymph, and Neutrophils/Lymphocytes ratios were significantly increased as compared with the healthy individuals. Conclusion: It can be concluded that a significant increase in leukocytes and platelets count, mixed %, neutrophils %, and the studied inflammation related haematological parameters and a significant decreased in lymphocytes %, RBCs count and most its indices. Further haematological studies are needed to confirm these results. Also, there is need to routinely monitor the haematological parameters and among cervical cancer patients.
Recent Advances in High Temperature Electrolysis Cells using LaGaO3-based Electrolyte
Authors: Lee Seokhee , Lee Sang Won , Kim Suji , Shin Tae Ho
Published: January 2022

High temperature electrolysis is a promising option for carbon-free hydrogen production and huge energy storage with high energy conversion efficiencies from renewable and nuclear resources. Over the past few decades, yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) based ion conductor has been widely used as a solid electrolyte in solid oxide electrolysis cells (SOECs). However, its high operation temperature and lower conductivity in the appropriate temperature range for solid electrochemical devices were major drawbacks. Regarding improving ionic-conducting electrolytes, several groups have contributed significantly to developing and applying LaGaO3 based perovskite as a superior ionic conductor. La(Sr)Ga(Mg)O3 (LSGM) electrolyte was successfully validated for intermediate-temperature solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) but was rarely conducted on SOECs for its high efficient electrolysis performance. Their lower mechanical strengths or higher reactivity with electrode compared with the YSZ electrolysis cells, which make it difficult to choose compatible materials, remain major challenges. In this field, SOECs have attracted a great attention in the last few years, as they offer significant power and higher efficiencies compared to conventional YSZ based electrolysers. Herein, SOECs using LSGM based electrolyte, their applications, high performance, and their issues will be reviewed.
Potrzeba poznania a inteligencja emocjonalna u osób z wysokimi osiągnięciami edukacyjnymi
Authors: Żmuda Agnieszka , Sękowski Andrzej , Szymczak Izabela
Published: January 2022

CelCelem badań było zweryfikowanie zależności między potrzebą poznania a inteligencją emocjonalną wśród osób o wysokich osiągnięciach akademickich.
MetodaBadania zostały przeprowadzone wśród 207 studentów i doktorantów przypisanych do jednej z dwóch grup: (1) stypendystów Ministerstwa Edukacji i Szkolnictwa Wyższego (obecnie Ministerstwo Edukacji i Nauki) oraz (2) osób bez takich osiągnięć. Użyto Kwestionariusza Potrzeby Poznania (autorzy: Cacciopo, Petty; polska adaptacja: Matusz, Traczyk, Gąsiorowska) oraz Popularnego Kwestionariusza Inteligencji Emocjonalnej (autorzy: Jaworowska, Matczak).
WynikiPotrzeba poznania oraz inteligencja emocjonalna korelowały ze sobą pozytywnie w obu grupach, a wysokie osiągnięcia akademickie nie moderowały relacji między potrzebą poznania a inteligencją emocjonalną.
WnioskiIm lepiej ludzie zarządzają swoimi emocjami, wykorzystują je i rozumieją, tym bardziej rozwijają swoją potrzebę poznania, niezależnie od obecności lub braku wysokich osiągnięć akademickich.
Cechy osobowości jako predyktory uważności u Mistrzów Świata Sztuki Iluzji FISM
Authors: Napora Wojciech , Julia Guilhem
Published: January 2022

CelCelem badania było sprawdzenie, jak cechy osobowości modelu Wielkiej Piątki wiążą się z poziomem uważności u Mistrzów Świata Sztuki Iluzji FISM.
MetodaUczestnikami byli laureaci FISM (N = 50) z 20 krajów. Do pomiaru cech osobowości i uważności, odpowiednio, użyto International Personality Item Pool Big Five Markers 50 (IPIP-BFM-50) oraz Skali Uważnej Obecności (MAAS).
WynikiAnaliza regresji wykazała, że stabilność emocjonalna i sumienność wyjaśniają 47% uważności u laureatów FISM.
WnioskiTylko dwie cechy osobowości przewidywały uważność u badanych iluzjonistów, co należy interpretować jako wynik wstępny.
Dieta wegetariańska i jej związki z cechami osobowości u kobiet
Authors: Kozioł Aldona , Błońska Katarzyna
Published: January 2022

CelCelem badania było ustalenie czy weganie, wegetarianie i osoby odżywiające się w sposób tradycyjny różnią się od siebie pod względem cech osobowości oraz poziomu dyrektyw­ności.
MetodaPrzeprowadzono badanie z udziałem 1075 kobiet. Osoby badane testowano przy użyciu kwestionariusza Dyrektywności Raya (1981) oraz skali TIPI­-PL (Sorokowska i in., 2014) skonstruowanej do pomiaru cech Wielkiej Piątki.
WynikiUzyskane wyniki wykazały, że kobiety odżywiające się w sposób wegański cechują się najwyższym poziomem otwartości na doświadczenie. Najniższy zaś reprezentują badane spożywające mięso.
KonkluzjeKobiety będące na diecie tradycyjnej prezentują wyższy poziom sumienności w odróżnie­niu do kobiet stosujących diety roślinne. Najwyższy poziom dyrektywności uzyskały osoby badane stosujące się do diety tradycyjnej.
Intensive Insulin Therapy Reduces Infections in Patients on Parenteral Nutrition: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Mousavi Seyedeh Neda , Norouzy Abdolreza , Nematy Mohsen , Safarian Mohamad , Samini Fariborz , Birjandinejad Ali , Purafzalifiruzabadi Seyed Javad
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Hyperglycemia is a common problem encountered in hospitalized patients, especially in critically ill patients due to stress and using parenteral nutrition. Uncontrolled hyperglycemia may be associated with increased infection risk. The principal benefit of intensive insulin therapy is a decrease in infection-related complications and mortality. The aim of this study was the assessment of IIT effect on pathogen growth in ICU patients. Materials and Methods: We conducted a randomized controlled trial study where patients with brain trauma in grade 2 and 3 that received at least 50% of nutritional needs from parenteral nutrition. They randomly assigned to receive IIT or conventional glucose control. Pathogen growth, mortality, survival, APACHE II score, duration of hospital stay was assessed. Results: Of 29 patients randomized, 26 patients completed the study. Survival duration, ventilator dependency and pathogen growth was improved in tight control group but not significant between two groups due to low sample size. Conclusion: In our study, IIT reduced pathogen growth without hypoglycemic episodes in head trauma patients.[GMJ. 2012;1(1):2-7]
The Effect of Methimazole on Thyroid Gland Uptake of Technetium in Hyperthyroid Patients
Authors: Gheisari Farshid , Pishdad Gholamreza , Emami Mehrdad , Behdad Kasra , Karimpour Aida , Sharifian Maryam
Published: January 2022

Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of methimazole on Technetium-99m reabsorbing by thyroid gland , it may be possible to perform thyroid scan when the patients are on the methimazole, this can be time saving and decrease the adverse effects of discontinuing methimazole. Patients and Methods: Among all the patients with hyperthyroidism who referred to nuclear medicine ward of Shiraz University of medical sciences, 50 patients were randomly selected. we asked the patients who were on Methimazole, to discontinue the usage of all drugs (not Methimazole) and foods which are effective on thyroid gland for 1 week, after that thyroid scan was performed for these patients. In The other episode, we asked them to discontinue the usage of all drugs (also Methimazole) and foods which are effective on thyroid gland for 1 week and then thyroid scan was performed again .Revealed data was analyzed under supervision of statistical specialist with descriptive methods on SPSS. Results: 34 patients were males (68%) and other was females. Mean age of the patients was 53.5 years. (Min: 39 years and max: 75 years) Although The ROI (Region of Interest) of thyroid was increased in the patients who used methimazole before scan 398.72(SD: 191.73) than the patients who discontinued for one week 380.15 (SD: 112.49), but the difference wasnâ€™t statistically significant. The ROI of peripheral tissue of the thyroid was decreased in the patients who used methimazole before scan 26.44(SD: 5.42) than the patients who discontinued for one week 27.0414 (SD: 5.57), but the difference wasnâ€™t statistically significant. Discussion: In conclusion, we demonstrated that methimazole pretreatment does not interfere with either the efficacy of ROI and reabsorbing of Technetium-99m in thyroid gland and peripheral tissues. A possible limitation of this study is the number of patients in the sample.So it seems that it may be possible to perform thyroid scan when the patients are on the methimazole, this can be time saving and decrease the adverse effects of discontinuing methimazole. [GMJ. 2012;1(1):8-12]
Postoperative Sore Throat, Nausea and Vomiting in Routine Nasal Surgery: Influence of Pharyngeal Packing
Authors: Naderian Mehrdad , Jangholi Ehsan , Kharaz Tavakol Taraneh
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Pharyngeal packs are commonly used to prevent of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) and Sore throat during nasal surgery following tracheal intubation. the aim of this study is evaluation of effectiveness of pharyngeal packing in the prevention of PONV. Materials and methods: This study with random sampling performed on 120 adult patients scheduled for routine nasal surgery referred Boo â€“ Ali hospital in Tehran, Iran from March 2011 to March 2012. the study was approved in the ethical committee of Azad University and written informed consent to participate in the study. All subjects randomly allocated to Group A or Group B to have and not to have pharyngeal packing during surgery, Respectively.The incidence of PONV and sore throat in the recovery room,at 2 and 6 h were recorded by a 100 mm long visual analogue scale (VAS). Data were analysed using non-parametric tests in SPSS 18. Significant difference was set at p<0.05. Results: The average age of patients was 27.6 Â± 7.1 years. The average of age in Group A was 29.2 Â± 2.8 years and in Group B was 27.4 Â± 3.2 years. The difference in throat pain scores in the two groups at each assessment time was statistically signiï¬cant. The difference in PONV scores were not statistically signiï¬cant. Conclusion: The usage of pharyngeal packing during nasal surgery leads to decreased incidence of sore throat in experiment group compared with the control group. Also has no effect on the incidence of PONV. [GMJ. 2012;1(1):24-28]
Application of Herbal Exudates in Traditional Persian Medicine
Authors: Zargaran Arman , Zarshenas Mohammad M. , Arabzadeh Atefeh , Ajdari Tafti Mehdi , Kordafshari Gholamreza , Mohagheghzadeh Abdolali
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Traditional Persian medical and pharmaceutical manuscripts authored by medieval Persian scholars offer not only accumulation of traditional medical systems knowledge, but also contain collection of ingenious studies that provide vast information in the field of medicinal herbs application. One of the most cited derivative compositions of medicinal herbs are exudates. A large group of these compounds along with their different clinical and pharmacological applications can be found in the manuscripts of Persian medicine. Methods and Materials: This work is a literature research on some main traditional manuscripts of Persian medicine, including the book of Alhavi, Canon of Medicine, the book of Tohfat ol Moemenin, and Makhzan ol advieh. Also, current investigations on related subjects were considered by searching in Medline/PubMed and Google Scholar databases. Results: According to the investigated manuscripts, thirty-one substances, incorporating plant exudates relating to sixteen plant families, were used to combat simple to sophisticated ailments. Mostly exudates were derived from herbs of family, Asteraceae, Apiaceae with six and five citations, respectively. Other than the reported clinical applications for herbs, which were defined as a source for gummy compositions, numerous pharmacological approaches were also remarked for the secreted gums. Conclusion: Application of ethnobotanical findings on simple remedies offers rational criteria to evaluate the potential therapeutic properties of medicinal plants.[GMJ. 2012;1(2):78-83]
Correction of Mandibular Prognathism by Orthognathic Surgery in a Patient with Acromegaly
Authors: Gharnizadeh Kamal , Mohammadi Alireza , Malekpoor Zahra , Sohrabi Maryam
Published: January 2022

Background: Acromegaly, a condition which is associated with an acquired progressive disfigurement mainly involving the face and extremities, is a clinical syndrome which results from excessive production of growth hormone (GH) most commonly due to adenoma of the pituitary gland. Acromegaly is a rare disease which due to its slow progression, is mostly diagnosed in late adulthood. Bilateral symmetrical prognathic mandible is considered as a diagnostic symptom of acromegaly. Nowadays, orthognathic surgery is done for treatment of this skeletal deformity; however, because of its relapse after surgery, the efficacy of this procedure remains uncertain.

Case report: In this report we present a 33 years old man who was admitted for correction of Prognathism resulted from acromegaly in Bou-Ali Hospital. Class III skeletal growth form was achieved in his cephalometry analysis. Macroglossia, concave profile with prominent supra orbital ridges, prognathism, large lips and bulbous nose were detected in his physical examination. Orthognathic surgery as well as median glossectomy was performed and after 1 year follow up no recurrence was detected.

Conclusion: It is assumed that keeping GH in a normal range before the surgery and also evaluation of orthognathic aspect and endocrine status of the patient in the follow ups are effective in preservation of orthognathic surgery outcomes.