bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Superconducting Fault Current Limiterin DC System with Renewable Energy Sources
Authors: Rayudu S. Sanjeeva , Ganesh C. , Naik B. Vignesh
Published: October 2016

Superconducting fault-current limiters (SFCLs) have been the subject of research and development for many years and offer an attractive solution to the problem of rising fault levels in electrical distribution systems.  SFCLs can greatly reduce fault currents and the damage at the point of fault, and help improve the stability of a power system. Superconducting fault-current limiters (SFCL) provide a  new efficient approach to the reliable handling of such  faults.(SCFLs) can be used for various nominal voltages and currents, and can  be  adapted  to  particular  limiting  characteristics  in  case  of  short  circuits. In this project, dc resistive type superconducting fault current limiter (SFCL) is presented. This SFCL is designed for the HVDC system. Uniform current and voltage sharing among the SFCL modules can be observed through contact resistance tests, dc flow-through tests, and ac flow-through tests. Results of tests show that each limiting module has good uniformity in higher current system. The proposed concept can be implemented using renewable energy sources.The results are presented by using Matlab/Simulink platform.
Fuzzy Logic Based Direct Power Control of Induction Motor Drive
Authors: Khoei Hossein Rahimi , Shahraki Elham Farazande
Published: October 2016

This paper is the design of an induction motor drive system that can be controlled using direct power control. First the possibilities of direct power control (DPC) of induction motors (IMs) fed by a voltage source inverter have been studied. Principles of this method have been separately evaluated. Also the drive system is more versatile due to its small size and low cost. Therefore it is advantageous to use the system where the speed is estimated by means of a control algorithm instead of measuring. This paper proposed one novel induction motor speed control system with fuzzy logic. The estimator was designed and simulated in Matlab/Simulink. Simulation result shows a good performance of speed estimator.
Overview of Passive Light Emitting Diode Driver Circuits for Street Lighting
Authors: Gunabalan R.
Published: October 2016

This paper describes the overview and comparison of various passive Light Emitting Diode (LED) driver circuits employed for street lighting applications. Passive LED driver circuits are constructed with diodes and capacitors without using any power electronic semiconductor switches which in turn eliminates the secondary supply unit for control circuits and controllers. Passive LED driver circuits are simple in construction, low cost, less maintenance and control free. 50 W LED driver circuit is identified for performance comparison and simulations are performed in matlab- simulink to get an overview of different passive LED driver circuits. The most predominant parameters such as efficiency and total harmonic distortion are compared to identify the suitiblity of the driver circuits for various applications.
Development of a Radio Frequency Remote-Controlled Amphibious Solid Waste Collecting Mobot
Authors: B. Del Rosario Jay Robert , B. Andutan Romwell , R. Bautista Adelfos , Pangilinan Patrick Henry L. , O. Vega Ruby Anne
Published: October 2016

Robots in general are used to aid people in different tasks from simple activities to activities that prevent also people from harm. In fields of Robotics it is important that these robots are not complete replacements of humanity but mere tools that will improve human lives and more so save lives if possible. In this paper, the group presented a remote-controlled mobot with amphibious capabilities. The system is accessible through a radio frequency transmitter and receiver which there is an executable file that allows the mobot to be controlled. The characterization of the system and its performance are presented here as well.
A Naïve Visual Cryptographic Algorithm for the Transfer of Compressed Medical Images
Authors: Shivaputra Shivaputra , Sheshadri HS , Lokesha V
Published: October 2016

The transmission of a suitably compressed image over a bandwidth, over long distances, gives rise towards a new era in the field of information technology. A gradual increase in this appending scenic application, involving the transfer of the images securely over the Ethernet has become an increasingly important aspect to be addressed during thou phenomenon, especially in the transfer of the digital medical images vividly, encapsulated with abundant information related to these images. The compressed medical images of the DICOM format contain certain amount of confidential data, pertaining to a clinical research or to an individual, and the confidentiality of the same has to be preserved from various security threats and eves-dropping. With a widespread applications among various multimedia applicative systems, telemedicine, medical imaging, military and certain safety-critical applications, inter-net and intra-net communicative applications, etc, a reliable transfer of suitable information, efficiently securely is considered as one of the revolutionary aims in today’s communication technology and visual cryptographic methodologies. Real-time applications as such detailed above majorly is concerned with the security measures and many algorithms have been developed as a proof for various visual cryptographic methodologies. In this paper we propose an efficient and a reliable visual cryptographic methodology which focuses on the encryption and decryption of the two-dimensional DICOM standard compressed medical image, effectively.  This paper discusses an efficient design of 192 bit encoder using AES Rijndael Algorithm with the decomposition of an image into square image size blocks and the image blocks are shuffled using 2D CAT map. The shuffling of the image blocks/pixels employs a Logistic map of these image pixels coupled with 2D mapping of the pixels of the DICOM standard medical image, generated randomly, being the control parameter thereby creating a confusion between the cipher and the plain image, gradually increasing the resistive factor against the significant attacks. This paper proposes various analytical metrics such as correlation analysis, entropy analysis, homogeneity analysis, energy analysis, contrast and mean of absolute deviation analysis, to evaluate the proposed algorithm, and their suitability in image encryption applications.
Reductions in Atherogenic Lipids and Major Cardiovascular Events
Authors: Ray Kausik K. , Ginsberg Henry N. , Davidson Michael H. , Pordy Robert , Bessac Laurence , Minini Pascal , Eckel Robert H. , Cannon Christopher P.
Published: October 2016

Background:

A continuous relationship between reductions in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) has been observed in statin and ezetimibe outcomes trials down to achieved levels of 54 mg/dL. However, it is uncertain whether this relationship extends to LDL-C levels <50 mg/dL. We assessed the relationship between additional LDL-C, non–high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and apolipoprotein B100 reductions and MACE among patients within the ODYSSEY trials that compared alirocumab with controls (placebo/ezetimibe), mainly as add-on therapy to maximally tolerated statin.

Methods:

Data were pooled from 10 double-blind trials (6699 patient-years of follow-up). Randomization was to alirocumab 75/150 mg every 2 weeks or control for 24 to 104 weeks, added to background statin therapy in 8 trials. This analysis included 4974 patients (3182 taking alirocumab, 1174 taking placebo, 618 taking ezetimibe). In a post hoc analysis, the relationship between average on-treatment lipid levels and percent reductions in lipids from baseline were correlated with MACE (coronary heart disease death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, or unstable angina requiring hospitalization) in multivariable analyses.

Results:

Overall, 33.1% of the pooled cohort achieved average LDL-C <50 mg/dL (44.7%–52.6% allocated to alirocumab, 6.5% allocated to ezetimibe, and 0% allocated to placebo). In total, 104 patients experienced MACE (median time to event, 36 weeks). For every 39 mg/dL lower achieved LDL-C, the risk of MACE appeared to be 24% lower (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.76; 95% confidence interval, 0.63–0.91;
P
=0.0025). Percent reductions in LDL-C from baseline were inversely correlated with MACE rates (hazard ratio, 0.71; 95% confidence interval, 0.57–0.89 per additional 50% reduction from baseline;
P
=0.003). Strengths of association materially similar to those described for LDL-C were observed with achieved non–high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and apolipoprotein B100 levels or percentage reductions.

Conclusions:

In a post hoc analysis from 10 ODYSSEY trials, greater percentage reductions in LDL-C and lower on-treatment LDL-C were associated with a lower incidence of MACE, including very low levels of LDL-C (<50 mg/dL). These findings require further validation in the ongoing prospective ODYSSEY OUTCOMES trial.

Clinical Trial Registration:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifiers: NCT01507831, NCT01623115, NCT01709500, NCT01617655, NCT01644175, NCT01644188, NCT01644474, NCT01730040, NCT01730053, and NCT01709513.
Associations Between Fetal Imprinted Genes and Maternal Blood Pressure in Pregnancy
Authors: Petry Clive J. , Sanz Marcos Nuria , Pimentel Gracielle , Hayes M. Geoffrey , Nodzenski Michael , Scholtens Denise M. , Hughes Ieuan A. , Acerini Carlo L. , Ong Ken K. , Lowe William L. , Dunger David B.
Published: October 2016

In addition to maternal genes and environmental exposures, variation in fetal imprinted genes could also affect maternal blood pressure during pregnancy. Our objective was to test the associations between polymorphic variants in 16 imprinted genes and maternal mean arterial blood pressures in 1160 DNA trios from 2 established birth cohorts (the Cambridge Baby Growth and Wellbeing Studies) and seek replication in 1367 Hyperglycemia and Adverse Pregnancy Outcome Study participants. Significant univariate associations, all independent of fetal sex, were observed in the Cambridge cohorts, including
FAM99A
rs1489945 transmitted from the mother (
P
=2×10
–4
),
DLK1
rs10139403 (mother;
P
=9×10
–4
),
DLK1
rs12147008 (mother;
P
=1×10
–3
),
H19
rs217222 (father;
P
=1×10
–3
),
SNRPN
rs1453556 (father;
P
=1×10
–3
),
IGF2
rs6356 (father;
P
=1×10
–3
), and
NNAT
rs6066671 (father;
P
=1×10
–3
). In meta-analysis including additional independent Hyperglycemia and Adverse Pregnancy Outcome Study data, the association with maternally transmitted fetal
DLK1
rs10139403 reached genome-wide significance (
P
=6.3×10
–10
). With the exception of fetal rs1489945 and rs217222, all of other associations were unidirectional and most were statistically significant. To further explore the significance of these relationships, we developed an allele score based on the univariate findings. The score was strongly associated with maternal blood pressure at 31 weeks (
P
=4.1×10
–8
; adjusted
r
2
=5.6%) and 37 weeks of pregnancy (
P
=1.1×10
–4
;
r
2
=3.6%), and during the last 2 weeks before parturition (
P
=1.1×10
–10
;
r
2
=8.7%). It was also associated with gestational hypertension (odds ratio, 1.54 [range, 1.14–2.09] per allele;
P
=0.005; 45 cases and 549 controls). These data support the concept that fetal imprinted genes are related to the development of gestational hypertension.
Neural Systems Underlying Individual Differences in Intertemporal Decision-making
Authors: Elton Amanda , Smith Christopher T. , Parrish Michael H. , Boettiger Charlotte A.
Published: October 2016

Excessively choosing immediate over larger future rewards, or delay discounting (DD), associates with multiple clinical conditions. Individual differences in DD likely depend on variations in the activation of and functional interactions between networks, representing possible endophenotypes for associated disorders, including alcohol use disorders (AUDs). Numerous fMRI studies have probed the neural bases of DD, but investigations of large-scale networks remain scant. We addressed this gap by testing whether activation within large-scale networks during Now/Later decision-making predicts individual differences in DD. To do so, we scanned 95 social drinkers (18–40 years old; 50 women) using fMRI during hypothetical choices between small monetary amounts available “today” or larger amounts available later. We identified neural networks engaged during Now/Later choice using independent component analysis and tested the relationship between component activation and degree of DD. The activity of two components during Now/Later choice correlated with individual DD rates: A temporal lobe network positively correlated with DD, whereas a frontoparietal–striatal network negatively correlated with DD. Activation differences between these networks predicted individual differences in DD, and their negative correlation during Now/Later choice suggests functional competition. A generalized psychophysiological interactions analysis confirmed a decrease in their functional connectivity during decision-making. The functional connectivity of these two networks negatively correlates with alcohol-related harm, potentially implicating these networks in AUDs. These findings provide novel insight into the neural underpinnings of individual differences in impulsive decision-making with potential implications for addiction and related disorders in which impulsivity is a defining feature.
Branchiura — a compendium of the geographical distribution and a summary of their biology
Authors: Neethling Lourelle A. M. , Avenant-Oldewage Annemariè
Published: October 2016

This is a compendium of current knowledge about the crustacean subclass Branchiura Thorell, 1864. An overview of the group is presented, starting from the first species description, and reports of taxonomic changes. It also provides a condensed retrospect of each genus and includes the characteristics of each genus, the geographical distribution of each species arranged according to occurrence per continent; and aspects of the anatomy, physiology, host-parasite interactions and phylogeny are discussed. In order to condense the information available on members of the subclass, additional literature sources on each aspect are tabulated. The species lists provided by the World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) were used as a starting point as these were the most comprehensive currently available.
The Runner’s High Revisited: A Phenomenological Analysis
Authors: Whitehead Patrick M.
Published: October 2016

This article revisits an oft-studied phenomenon from the vantage point of the phenomenology of Merleau-Ponty (1945/1962), Keen (1973/1982), and Giorgi (1985). The protocols used have been taken from the first comprehensive academic study conducted on the runner’s high phenomenon (Sachs, 1980). Throughout its experimental study, the runner’s high has remained a poorly understood phenomenon. Possible reasons for this are considered alongside the phenomenological analysis. Considered phenomenologically, the runner’s high is an experience of the absence of the limitations of body, time, and space. It is experienced on the backdrop of a typical run experience which is characterized by familiar pains and labor. However, in the event of the runner’s high the familiar pains and labor do not present, making the runner’s high an experience of absence. Since these limitations play a role of restriction, their absence is pleasurable.
Buddhist Generosity: Its Conceptual Model and Empirical Tests
Authors: Ariyabuddhiphongs Vanchai
Published: October 2016

This study developed a Buddhist Generosity Scale to assess Buddhist generosity, acts of compassion to give something of value to humans and animals, among Thai Buddhists. Conceptually the Scale consists of two factors: scope—giving to humans and animals, and criticality—the gifts’ importance to the recipients. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses supported the two-factor structure. Convergent validity tests showed its relationships with optimism, hope, and altruism but none with forgiveness; discriminant validity tests found positive relationship with psychological entitlement but none with trait anger and greed. Results of the predictive validity test showed that Buddhist generosity mediated the relationship between loving kindness and happiness. The scale is valid for use to assess Buddhist generosity in countries where Theravada Buddhism is practiced. The relationships between good thought (loving kindness) and good deed (Buddhist generosity) and good result (happiness) support the Buddhist law of human behaviors (kamma).
“Mass Graves” and the “Burial Grounds of Enemies”: The Symbolic Significance of Mass Burials in Soviet Russia/USSR, 1920s–1940s («Бpaтcкиe мoгилы» и «вpaжecкиe мoгильники»: cимвoличecкoe oзнaчивaниe мaccoвыx зaxopoнeний в Coвeтcкoй Poccии/CCCP 1920-x–1940-x гoдoв)
Authors: Malysheva Svetlana , Maлышeвa Cвeтлaнa
Published: October 2016

For several decades, the mass burial practices in Soviet Russia were strongly linked with Soviet ideology and the practices of everyday life. Soviet military and state officials intentionally and unintentionally used mass graves as a political and ideological tool. Soviet Russian and Soviet authorities noted mass graves in documents and in public discourse, and couched them in a “figure of silence.” Places of mass burials were given meaning and characterized as systems of ideological representation and the binary oppositions of “ours” versus “foreign.” This article examines the practice of mass burials from the 1920s to the 1940s and how it shaped and influenced Soviet Russian and Soviet ideological constructs.
The identity of Senecio lancifer (Asteraceae, Senecioneae)
Authors: WANG LONG , TONG TIAN-JING , REN CHEN , YANG QIN-ER
Published: October 2016

We clear up a taxonomic and nomenclatural confusion, in which Senecio lancifer (Asteraceae, Senecioneae) has been involved. This name is determined to belong to a Ligularia species, which is identical with L. leesicotal. The correct name of the species is L. lancifera (Drummond) Srivastava & Jeffrey.
Impacts of Sea Ice Thickness Initialization on Seasonal Arctic Sea Ice Predictions
Authors: Dirkson Arlan , Merryfield William J. , Monahan Adam
Published: October 2016

A promising means for increasing skill of seasonal predictions of Arctic sea ice is improving sea ice thickness (SIT) initial conditions; however, sparse SIT observations limit this potential. Using the Canadian Climate Model, version 3 (CanCM3), three statistical models designed to estimate SIT fields for initialization in a real-time forecasting system are applied to initialize sea ice hindcasts over 1981–2012. Hindcast skill is assessed relative to two benchmark SIT initialization methods (SIT-IMs): a climatological initialization currently used operationally and SIT values from the Pan-Arctic Ice Ocean Modeling and Assimilation System (PIOMAS). Based on several measures of skill, sea ice predictions are generally improved relative to a climatological initialization. The accuracy with which the initialization fields represent both the thinning of the ice pack over time and interannual variability impacts predictive skill for pan-Arctic sea ice area (SIA) and regional sea ice concentration (SIC), with the most robust improvements obtained with SIT-IMs that best represent both processes. Similar skill to that achieved by initializing with PIOMAS, including skillful predictions of detrended September SIA from May, is obtained by initializing with two of the statistical models. Regional skill for September SIC is also enhanced using improved SIT-IMs, with an increase in the spatial coverage of statistically significant skill from 10% to 60%–70% of the appreciably varying ice pack. Reduced skill is seen, however, in the Nordic seas using the improved SIT-IMs, resulting from an inherent cold sea surface temperature bias in CanCM3 that is amplified by a thicker initial ice cover.
Data Mining in the Exploration of Stressors Among NCAA Student Athletes
Authors: Hwang Seunghyun , Choi Youngjun
Published: October 2016

Collegiate student athletes face psychological stressors in adjusting to campus life. This study used preexisting, nationally representative data administered by the National Collegiate Athletic Association for student athletes in 2010 to explore the conjunctive relationships among demographics, personal characteristics, social contexts, and physical condition in predicting perceived stress. The number of valid samples was 19,967 from 609 member institutions. A data mining methodology (i.e., SEARCH) was applied to model the distribution of the perceived stress. Results showed that significant stressors included the variables related to academics, physical well-being, and social contexts. Academic anxiety was the most important predictor, and its interactions with abusive coaching behavior and an inclusive team environment were shown to reduce perceived stress. Sufficient sleep was also found as a moderator in the positive relationship between perceived stress and academic anxiety.
The Music Self-Perception Inventory: Development of parallel forms A and B
Authors: Morin Alexandre J. S. , Scalas L. Francesca , Vispoel Walter
Published: October 2016

Music self-concept integrates perceptions, beliefs, and self-schemas about a person’s musical abilities and potential. Like other self-concept dimensions, it is multifaceted, hierarchically organized and has implications for motivation toward musical practice. The Music Self-Perception Inventory (MUSPI) is a theoretically-based instrument assessing six specific music self-concept dimensions, as well as global music self-concept. Nonetheless, its applicability is limited by its length (84 items) and by the fact that it does not provide a way to control for consistency biases in the context of repeated measurement. In this study, we developed and validated two parallel versions (A and B) of the MUSPI, and showed that both yielded equivalent psychometric properties to the original, and were fully equivalent to one another. We also tested whether the MUSPI-A and MUSPI-B psychometric properties generalized (were invariant) across gender and grade-differentiated subgroups. Finally, we examined the convergent validity of the MUSPI-A and MUSPI-B. Results highlighted the psychometric soundness, and equivalence, of the various MUSPI versions on all criteria, and showed that they presented patterns of associations with other constructs equivalent to that observed with the original MUSPI.
Barack Obama and uncertain knowledge
Authors: Fine Gary Alan
Published: October 2016

Truth claims pervade the world: assertions that a speaker wishes to persuade an audience are true or at least plausible. But how to judge? Much proposed knowledge has uncertain legitimacy, evaluated through assumptions of how the world operates or by the reputation of its sponsor. In other words, plausibility and credibility shape our judgments. As students of conspiracy theories recognize, many “facts” are available, too many to be easily judged as to their accuracy. Facts are promiscuous. As judges of likelihood, we conclude that some are false, others true, and still others taken out of context. Further, knowledge is never complete and so we must consider error and ignorance (a field of epistemology labeled agnotology) as well as accuracy and awareness. In this article I examine four critical allegations made about United States President Barack Obama: that he was born in Kenya, that he is Muslim, that he engaged in oral sex with another man, and that he is a socialist. While each of these claims may be false, they are false in different ways in light of the different criteria and strategies by which we weigh uncertainty.
Good News? A Longitudinal Analysis of Newspaper Portrayals of Mental Illness in Canada 2005 to 2015
Authors: Whitley Rob , Wang JiaWei
Published: October 2016

Objectives:

The overarching aim of this article is to assess media portrayals of mental illness in Canada. We hypothesise that portrayals have improved over time, related to the various antistigma activities of organisations such as the Mental Health Commission of Canada (MHCC). Specific objectives are to assess 1) overall tone and content of newspaper articles, 2) change over time, and 3) variables associated with positive or negative content.

Methods:

We collected newspaper articles from print and online editions of over 20 best-selling Canadian newspapers from 2005 to 2015 ( N = 24,570) that mentioned key search terms such as mental illness or schizophrenia. These were read by research assistants, who assessed tone and content for each article using preassigned codes and categories. Data were subjected to chi-squared and trend analysis.

Results:

Over the study period, 21% of the articles had a positive tone and 28% had stigmatising content. Trend analysis suggested significantly improved coverage over 11 years ( P < 0.001). For example, articles with a positive tone had almost doubled from 2005 (18.9%) to 2015 (34.8%), and articles with stigmatising content had reduced by a third (22.3% vs 32.7%). Analysis also suggested that articles on the front page, as well as articles in broadsheet newspapers, had significantly more positive coverage.

Conclusions:

The study indicates that news media coverage related to mental illness has improved over the past decade. This may be related to the concerted efforts of the MHCC, which has executed a targeted strategy aimed at reducing stigma and improving media coverage since 2007.
Replacement of metallic parts for polymer composite materials in motorcycle oil pumps
Authors: Mancini Sandro Donnini , Santos Neto Antídio de Oliveira , Cioffi Maria Odila Hilário , Bianchi Eduardo Carlos
Published: October 2016

A feasibility study was conducted to determine the use of polyphthalamide/glass-fiber and polyphthalamide/glass-fiber/polytetrafluoroethylene-based composites as substitutes for aluminum and steel, respectively, in the production of motorcycle oil pump parts (housing, shaft/inner gerotor and outer gerotor). New and used (80,000 km) oil pumps were subjected to performance tests, whose results indicated that the pressure and temperature of the used pump reached a maximum of 1.8 bar and 93℃, respectively. Thermogravimetric analysis indicated that the materials are stable at the maximum operating temperature, which is 20℃ lower than the minimum glass transition temperature obtained by dynamic mechanical analysis for both materials at the analyzed frequencies (defined after calculations based on rotations in neutral, medium and high gear). The pressure value was multiplied by a safety factor of at least 1.6 (i.e., 3 bar), which was used as input for a finite element analysis of the parts, as well as the elasticity modulus at glass transition temperatures obtained by dynamic mechanical analysis. The finite element analysis indicated that the von Mises stresses to which the composite parts were subjected are 7 to 50 times lower than those the materials can withstand. The results suggest that it is feasible to manufacture motorcycle oil pump parts with these composites.
Managing Chronic Pain in the Classroom: Development and Usability Testing of an eHealth Educational Intervention for Educators
Authors: King Sara , Boutilier Jessica A. , MacLaren Chorney Jill
Published: October 2016

Although chronic pain is relatively common in childhood, many teachers feel ill-prepared to work with students with chronic and recurrent pain in the classroom and would like to learn more about supporting these students. A web-based eHealth intervention designed to provide information about pain and pain management in the classroom was developed based on input from clinicians, and usability was tested using three groups of stakeholders (i.e., youth with chronic pain, parents of youth with chronic pain, and teachers). Preliminary testing indicated that the usability goals were met, with the majority of participants in all groups indicating that the website was easy to use and that they would either recommend it to teachers or use it themselves. Minor design and content changes were suggested and made, whereas major changes will be made in the future. Results provide encouraging preliminary support for the utility of eHealth interventions as knowledge translation and dissemination tools for educators.
Local Autism Policy Networks: Expertise and Intermediary Organizations
Authors: Parsons Bryan M.
Published: October 2016

The increasing prevalence of diagnoses for autism spectrum disorder (ASD), now one in 68 children according to the National Institutes of Health (NIH), presents a number of policy implications. In particular, many of these children become eligible for special education services under the Individuals With Disabilities Education Act (IDEA). Given the specialized expertise and resources required of local education agencies (LEAs), how do they respond to this implementation challenge? In May 2015, an online survey was distributed to various governmental and nongovernmental actors in three Virginia localities to measure the extent of collaboration in local autism policy networks. The findings suggest that these networks are driven by autism-related information, and that nonprofit organizations act as intermediary organizations that bridge disparate stakeholders. The results contribute to our understanding of fragmentation across policy subsystems, with the focus here on education policy, and the implementation challenges related to a rapidly changing policy issue.
Optimization of support location in mirror-milling of aircraft skins
Authors: Bao Yan , Zhu Xianglong , Kang Renke , Dong Zhigang , Zhang Bi , Guo Dongming
Published: October 2016

As a new technology of reducing thickness of an aircraft skin, the mirror-milling system is widely used. The objective of this study is to optimize the support location in mirror-milling of aircraft skins. The study analyzes the machining mechanisms of mirror-milling system and establishes a theoretical model to predict the milling forces. In addition, it develops a finite element model to simulate workpiece deformation so as to predict workpiece profiles in mirror-milling system. The results of the study show that with the optimized support location, the profile error of the workpiece is reduced by 73.5%, whereas machining efficiency is increased.
Tool wear estimating model considering modeling improvement factors in electrical discharge machining process based on physical properties of tool electrodes
Authors: Joudivand Sarand Mohammadhasan , Shabgard Mohammadreza , Jodari Saghaie Mohammad , Joudivand Sarand Laya
Published: October 2016

A comprehensive numerical model is introduced in this article for estimating the tool wear based on finite element model and inverse heat conduction techniques considering the interactive and direct effects of the experimental factors of recast layer thickness, anode energy fraction and plasma flushing efficiency. The individual and interactive effects of the major thermo-physical and electro-physical parameters have been modeled to improve the introduced tool wear estimation procedure. Comparison of the numerical results with the experimental observations indicated that the developed finite element model and inverse heat conduction process was capable of predicting the tool wear with high accuracy. Additionally, application of analysis of variance technique showed that the introduced mathematical models for estimating anode energy fraction, plasma flushing efficiency and recast layer thickness are statistically significant and adequate which means that the proposed equations can be used for a variety of physical, electrical and thermal variables’ combinations.
Self-correction method of out-of-plane motions in two-dimensional digital image correlation
Authors: Yan Wentao , Lin Feng
Published: October 2016

Strain monitoring is very important in the manufacturing, assembling, installation and servicing processes in both mechanical and civil engineering fields. Two-dimensional digital image correlation is a simple, efficient strain monitoring method, but one major bottleneck is the unacceptable error due to the unavoidable out-of-plane motions of the object in practice. We propose a “self-correction” method: employing the originally extracted strain values in different directions to correct the errors due to out-of-plane motions. It is applicable to many engineering applications with known relationship of strains in different directions. A uniaxial tension test was conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness and practicality of this self-correction method. Compared with other correction methods, this method is not only simpler but also more efficient in correcting errors due to the lens distortion caused by self-heating. Both the experiment and theoretical analyses demonstrate that this self-correction method maintains the high accuracy of the digital image correlation method.
Reminders of Social Connection Can Attenuate Anthropomorphism
Authors: Bartz Jennifer A. , Tchalova Kristina , Fenerci Can
Published: October 2016

It is a fundamental human need to secure and sustain a sense of social belonging. Previous research has shown that individuals who are lonely are more likely than people who are not lonely to attribute humanlike traits (e.g., free will) to nonhuman agents (e.g., an alarm clock that makes people get up by moving away from the sleeper), presumably in an attempt to fulfill unmet needs for belongingness. We directly replicated the association between loneliness and anthropomorphism in a larger sample ( N = 178); furthermore, we showed that reminding people of a close, supportive relationship reduces their tendency to anthropomorphize. This finding provides support for the idea that the need for belonging has causal effects on anthropomorphism. Last, we showed that attachment anxiety—characterized by intense desire for and preoccupation with closeness, fear of abandonment, and hypervigilance to social cues—was a stronger predictor of anthropomorphism than loneliness was. This finding helps clarify the mechanisms underlying anthropomorphism and supports the idea that anthropomorphism is a motivated process reflecting the active search for potential sources of connection.
A Qualitative Study Examining Experiences and Dilemmas in Concealment and Disclosure of People Living With Serious Mental Illness
Authors: Bril-Barniv Shani , Moran Galia S. , Naaman Adi , Roe David , Karnieli-Miller Orit
Published: October 2016

People with mental illnesses face the dilemma of whether to disclose or conceal their diagnosis, but this dilemma was scarcely researched. To gain in-depth understanding of this dilemma, we interviewed 29 individuals with mental illnesses: 16 with major depression/bipolar disorders and 13 with schizophrenia. Using a phenomenological design, we analyzed individuals’ experiences, decision-making processes, and views of gains and costs regarding concealment and disclosure of mental illness. We found that participants employed both positive and negative disclosure/concealment practices. Positive practices included enhancing personal recovery, community integration, and/or supporting others. Negative practices occurred in forced, uncontrolled situations. We also identified various influencing factors, including familial norms of sharing, accumulated experiences with disclosure, and ascribed meaning to diagnosis. Based on these findings, we deepen the understanding about decision-making processes and the consequences of disclosing or concealing mental illness. We discuss how these finding can help consumers explore potential benefits and disadvantages of mental illness disclosure/concealment occurrences.
Heart Murmur
Authors: Sutton Timothy Matthew Lee
Published: October 2016

In the summer of 2015, I lost my relationship (of four years) and then my Grandmother passed away, one after the other. Judith Butler says there is no ready vocabulary to describe the bonds by which one is connected to another, the ties by which we are “differentiated and related.” Those ties constitute what we are, they compose us. This is an autoethnographic bricolage that examines those affective bonds that stand revealed when you lose someone. Pain results from their being severed, but as Butler points out, grief is also transformative. I argue that performance (auto)ethnography is perfectly sited to examine these affects because it can evoke that which remains unlanguaged.
What Do Domestic Violence and Sexual Assault Service Providers Need to Know About Survivors to Deliver Services?
Authors: Macy Rebecca J. , Martin Sandra L. , Nwabuzor Ogbonnaya Ijeoma , Rizo Cynthia F.
Published: October 2016

Using survey data, we investigate perspectives of 80 program directors of domestic violence and/or sexual assault agencies regarding whether gathering specific information at intake is helpful in determining survivors’ needs for five service areas: legal advocacy, medical advocacy, support group, counseling, and shelter. We explore whether directors’ opinions of information-type usefulness differ by type of service agency (single- or dual-focus). Findings show directors perceive the information most helpful to early service provision includes survivors’ goals, experiences of violence and trauma, and health status. MANOVA results show no significant differences among directors from single- or dual-focus agencies.
Secondary Merkel Cell Carcinoma Arising From a Graft Donor Site
Authors: Aloraifi Fatima , Mulgrew Stephen , James Nick K.
Published: October 2016

Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a highly aggressive cutaneous neuroendocrine tumour that is increasing in incidence. We report a case of a 92-year-old white man on long-term immunosuppression for temporal arteritis who presented with a Merkel cell tumour on his left cheek. A wide local excision was performed and the defect was reconstructed with a full-thickness skin graft. Four years later, the patient re-presented with a Merkel cell tumour arising from the right supraclavicular donor site. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a recurrence of MCC into a donor site. This has important implications as a reminder of planning fresh surgical instruments and needle inoculation for reconstruction if there is any clinical suspicion of MCC to prevent iatrogenic spread.
Montgomery v Lanarkshire Health Board: Implications of the Supreme Court ruling for psychiatry
Authors: Yousif Michael
Published: October 2016

In ruling in favour of Nadine Montgomery in her claim of negligence against Lanarkshire Health Board, the Supreme Court changed the law in matters of informed consent. Having previously relied on the Bolam test of the professional opinion of medical peers, the information doctors must disclose to their patients is now determined by a much more patient-centred test. Despite this, it is not clear how, if at all, the ruling affects modern medical practice. In this article, the implications of the Supreme Court’s ruling for psychiatry are considered. It is unlikely the ruling will alter day-to-day clinical practice. It does, however, serve to highlight and reinforce key principles of good psychiatric practice.
The implications of Montgomery vs. Lanarkshire Health Board for NHS patient information services
Authors: Scott Eve , Aziz Omer , Rushton Hazel , Anandadas Carmel
Published: October 2016

English law around the sufficiency of the information provided to a patient as part of the consent process has evolved over time from being a decision for the clinician to make about what to disclose to one where the information must be bespoke to the individual patient about risks that would be material to them personally, but perhaps not necessarily to the next person. Failure to provide sufficient information for decision-making could result in a clinical negligence claim for ‘failure to warn’.

The recent case of Montgomery versus Lanarkshire Health Board has significant implications for clinicians obtaining a patient's consent to treatment. The outcome of this case makes the planning of care truly patient-centred and puts the onus on the clinician to ascertain exactly what would be a material risk to that individual and ensure that they are given sufficient information on which to base an informed decision.

This article discusses this step change in the legal requirements for the provision of information and how clinicians at The Christie, an English tertiary cancer centre, supported by our information services, have grasped this challenge of ensuring that patients are adequately informed about their treatment options.

This article considers only competent adults being prepared for treatment.
The impact of mild cognitive impairment on the self-regulation process: A comparison study of persons with mild cognitive impairment and cognitively healthy older adults
Authors: Karademas Evangelos C , Simos Panagiotis , Zaganas Ioannis , Tziraki Sofia , Panagiotakis Simeon , Basta Maria , Vgontzas Alexandros N
Published: October 2016

This study examined whether mild cognitive impairment affects the associations between personal expectations (i.e. optimism and self-efficacy), illness-related coping, and quality of life. In total, two groups of older adults participated: 127 persons diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment and 225 cognitively healthy older persons (cognitively non-impaired group). Several significant relationships observed in the cognitively non-impaired group did not reach significance among mild cognitive impairment patients, with the opposite trend noted for others (e.g. between palliative coping and physical health). These findings indicate that mild cognitive impairment may lead to problems in the self-regulation process and highlight the significance of the interplay between neurocognitive and psychosocial aspects of self-regulation.
Migrant memento mori and the geography of risk
Authors: Soto Gabriella
Published: October 2016

Undocumented migrants entering the United States on foot through southern Arizona face extreme uncertainty and risk in their endeavor. The forces of decay and erasure experienced by migrants and the things they carry ensure the rapid disappearances of the traces—primary material evidence—of this already invisible and precarious social movement as it unfolds. Playing a large role in this erasure is U.S. border security policy, which routes migrants into remote spaces where their experiences are hidden and where they are likely to become lost, to become hurt, and die. The environment of Arizona’s Sonoran Desert rapidly decays both objects and human bodies when people die en route, where migrant death is as high per capita as it has ever been. When discovered by land managers, investigators, or others, the things migrants leave behind and their bodies after death are actively removed from the landscape. Remarkable within this context of erasure are the semi-permanent and deliberately placed vernacular shrines, which mark migrants’ engagement with risk. The evocative nature of shrines inspires their preservation and curation by non-migrants who encounter them. As shrine sites directly engage with the risks migrants face, because of their sacred aura, and because they uniquely persevere in the harsh desert landscape, these sites serve as memento mori. Tethered in place, they become physical and emotional points of reference for navigating a landscape characterized by risk and uncertainty.
Neoliberal exception? The liberalization of Macau’s casino gaming monopoly and the genealogy of the post-socialist Chinese subject
Authors: Simpson Tim
Published: October 2016

Following Portugal’s return of Macau to the People’s Republic of China in 1999, the local government liberalized the city’s casino gaming monopoly and opened the industry to foreign investment. As a result, Macau has become the world’s most lucrative site of casino gaming revenue, and a model for other regional states which are pursuing casino gaming-driven development. This article entails a post-structural analysis of neoliberal governance in Macau and a genealogy of the resulting post-socialist consumer subject. Framed by a critical engagement with Aihwa Ong’s theory of “neoliberalism as exception,” analysis reveals that Macau’s economic growth was enhanced, not by optimizing technocratic rationalities, but by reactive measures taken up by different actors, at several different scales, to address three governance crises of public order, public finance, and public health. What appear to be neoliberal interventions in the Macau economy are often exposed as contemporary iterations of latent governmental forms. These various factors form a dispositif, or apparatus, of subjectification.
Complexities of Introducing Group Medical Visits With Nurse Practitioners in British Columbia
Authors: Housden Laura , Wong Sabrina T. , Browne Annette J. , Dawes Martin
Published: October 2016

In Canada, increasing numbers of people with chronic conditions have prompted calls for innovative approaches to delivering primary care. These approaches may include group medical visits (GMVs) and the introduction of nurse practitioners (NPs). We examined why NPs in the province of British Columbia were not using GMVs. This case study is part of a larger research project that examined the impact of GMVs with NPs for patients with chronic conditions. We completed open-ended interviews with seven NPs working in primary care. Interviews were audiotaped and transcribed. Data were analyzed using interpretive descriptive approaches. Three major themes emerged: (a) advantages of GMVs, (b) questioning the fit of GMVs in current practice contexts, and (c) navigating scope of practice and role constraints that affect NPs’ ability to use GMVs. Power dynamics and hierarchies may influence NPs’ ability to adapt to GMVs. Consideration of practice environments and structures that enable the NPs ability to diffuse and utilize health-care innovative care delivery methods is needed.
Using Machine Learning to Infer Reasoning Provenance From User Interaction Log Data
Authors: Kodagoda Neesha , Pontis Sheila , Simmie Donal , Attfield Simon , Wong B. L. William , Blandford Ann , Hankin Chris
Published: October 2016

The reconstruction of analysts’ reasoning processes ( reasoning provenance) during complex sensemaking tasks can support reflection and decision making. One potential approach to such reconstruction is to automatically infer reasoning from low-level user interaction logs. We explore a novel method for doing this using machine learning. Two user studies were conducted in which participants performed similar intelligence analysis tasks. In one study, participants used a standard web browser and word processor; in the other, they used a system called INVISQUE (Interactive Visual Search and Query Environment). Interaction logs were manually coded for cognitive actions based on captured think-aloud protocol and posttask interviews based on Klein, Phillips, Rall, and Pelusos’s data/frame model of sensemaking as a conceptual framework. This analysis was then used to train an interaction frame mapper, which employed multiple machine learning models to learn relationships between the interaction logs and the codings. Our results show that, for one study at least, classification accuracy was significantly better than chance and compared reasonably to a reported manual provenance reconstruction method. We discuss our results in terms of variations in feature sets from the two studies and what this means for the development of the method for provenance capture and the evaluation of sensemaking systems.