bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fbxw8 protein promotes the proliferation and metastasis of ESCC
Authors: Gao Shanshan , Zhao Dongdong
Published: September 2020

Objective: This article plans to investigate Fbxw8 protein expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma tissues. And its effect on the proliferation ability of esophageal squamous cancer KYSE70 cells is analyzed. Methods: We can detect Fbxw8 protein expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma tissues with IHC and analysis the expression with the sex, age, lymph node metastasis and tumor stage. We alsodetect the proliferation of KYSE70 cells with CCK 8. Result: Most esophageal squamous carcinoma tissues highly expressed Fbxw8 protein, and the expression was positively correlated with lymph node metastasis and tumor staging (P < 0.05). Fbxw8 siRNAs can significantly cut FBXW8 protein expression, while lowering the cell cycle related protein expression of Cyclin A, Cyclin B1, and inhibiting KYSE70 cell proliferation. Conclusion: Fbxw8 protein highly expressed in esophageal squamous carcinoma tissues, and closely related to tumor staging. Targeted inhibition Fbxw8 protein expression could significantly inhibit the proliferation of esophageal squamous carcinoma cells.
Research of MnCO3/CB Composite on Properties Apply to Supercapacitors
Authors: Han Liqiong , Liu Yifan , Li Rongyu
Published: September 2020

In order to improve the electro-conductibility of new energy storage material-manganese carbonate(MnCO3) and the properties apply to supercapacitors, we produce MnCO3/CB composite at room temperature by using a simple and mild liquid phase deposition method. Using dilute HNO3 to purify and activate the CB(carbon black), then put the handled CB into NH4HCO3/MnSO4 mixed solution for liquid deposition. Observed through infrared and XPS methods, we found that - after purified by dilute HNO3, the negatively charged groups(carboxyl & quinonyl) on CB surface increase, which makes CB uneasy to reunite in water and benefits the producing of a homogeneous compound. Observed the compound under SEM:40nm diameter CB granules wrap the Lotus-shaped MnCO3 granule, and form a porous structure between MnCO3 granules. The result of electro-chemical properties indicated by galvanostatic charge-discharge tests shows that the specific capacity of MnCO3/CB composite electrode material is twice of the pure MnCO3 electrode material, while the MnCO3/CB composite has a good cycle capacitive retention ratio. As a newly discovered energy storage material, MnCO3 provides a new direction to make composite material for supercapacitor electrodes.
Sequence analysis of mtDNA COI gene and molecular Phylogeny of Parasitic Unionicolid Mites (Acari: Unionicolidae: Unionicola) in China
Authors: Cheng Jian , Huang Xin , Huang Liangliang , Wen Chungen
Published: September 2020

A nucleotide sequence analysis of cytochrome oxidase I (COI) gene fragment from parasitic unionicolid mites is performed in this paper. The aligned nucleotide fragment is 664bp (including gaps) in length, including 374 conserved sites, 284 variable sites, 73 conversion sites, 51 transpose sites. The conversion sites are much higher than the transpose sites with a conversion transpose ratio (si/sv) of 1.4. The percentages of A+T and G+C are 64.6% and 35.4% in the nucleotide sequence which indicates a strong AT bias. From the sequence analysis of COI gene, the relationship between Unionicola chelata and Unionicola arcuate are the farthest among all the parasitic unionicolid mites while the relationship between Unionicola ischyropalpus and U.arcuata are the closest. Using U.crassipes as an outgroup, the phylogenetic trees are reconstructed with maximum likelihood(ML) and neighbor-joining(NJ) inferences (PAUP4.0b10 tool), and the results show that U.arcuata is the more evoluted speciesand Unionicola agilex might be the first separated from ancestral species.
Effects of Ce over TiO2 supported MnOx-based Catalyst for NOx Reduction by Ammonia
Authors: Liu Zhi , Liu Yunqi
Published: September 2020

Ce modified MnOx-based catalysts have attracted much attention due to its high activity for selective catalytic reduction of NOx by NH3 (NH3-SCR) at low-temperatures. However, the most important role of Ce on the NH3-SCR performance of MnOx-based catalysts has not been confirmed. Herein, the typical Ce-Mn/TiO2 catalyst was synthesized through incipient-wetness impregnation method, the positive role of Ce on Ce-Mn/TiO2 catalyst in the NH3-SCR process was revealed by combining different activity tests (including NO oxidation and NH3 oxidation) and characterizations (including XRD, XPS and He-TPDMS experiments). It was found that the introduction of Ce can promote the dispersion of MnOx on TiO2 support. Meanwhile, the doping of Ce in MnOx can also increase the content of Mn4+ species. The Mn4+ species plays a crucial role in NO oxidation reaction, which can trigger the “Fast SCR” reaction and promote the conversion of NOx. This work provides insight into the catalyst design for NH3-SCR process at low-temperature.
Breast Cancer Biomarker Prediction Model Based on Principal Component Extraction and Deep Convolutional Network Integration Learning
Authors: Ruan Kun , Peng Yuhao , Kang Yuhan , Zhao Shun , Wang Tanke , Zhang Yuchi , Liu Tao
Published: September 2020

Effective extraction of characteristic information from sequencing data of cancer patients is an essential application for cancer research. Several prognostic classification models for breast cancer sequencing data have been established to assist patients in their treatment. However, these models still have problems such as poor robustness and low precision. Based on the convolutional network model in deep learning, we construct a new classifier PCA-1D LeNet-Ada (PLA) by using principal component extraction method, Le-Net convolution network, and Adaptive Boosting method. PLA predicts three biomarkers for breast cancer patients based on their somatic cell copy number variations and gene expression profiles.
Pluripotency and differentiation of embryonic stem cells
Authors: Liu Yinyin , Zhao Haibo , Liang Liang , Fan Peilei , Zhao Yujia , Feng Jinling , Zhang Ying , Gao Yang , Shen Zhengsheng
Published: September 2020

Mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells derive from the inner cell mass of an early embryo called blastocyst, making them promising resource for regenerative medicine. They possess two unique properties: self-renewal and pluripotency. Different ways can be used to assess which extracellular signal and factor inside ES cells has an impact on the pluripotency of ES cells. Nowadays, many extracellular signals and transcription factors have been identified, such as extracellular signals like LIF and transcription factors like Oct4. Studying the mechanism and function of these factors offers great insight and advance our understanding of pluripotency and self-renewal and thus shed light on regenerative medicine.
Activated Carbon Promotes Sulfide to Promote Short-range Nitrification and Denitrification Sludge Granulation
Authors: Zhang Rui , Li Jingyu , Liu Yanhui , Wu Guangping , Li Xianqiu , Yang Yanqing , Wang Jing
Published: September 2020

This article analyzes the factors affecting the nitrification and denitrification sludge granulation, including carbon source abundance, environmental pH, electron acceptors, SRT conditions, reaction temperature, etc. In this paper, the content of impurities in sewage is clarified, and the entire treatment process, COD removal, sludge denitrification and sedimentation, and sludge formation process analysis are analyzed. The purpose is to improve the application value of activated carbon and improve the treatment effect of sewage.
Discussion on Pollution and Safety Inspection in Food Processing
Authors: Tianfei Dong
Published: September 2020

With the rapid development of modern society, the number of pollution problems exposed by the food processing industry is increasing, so the food safety problems are becoming more and more serious. Additives such as nitrite and Sudan Red pose a huge threat to people’s lives, health and safety. Some businesses choose to add harmful ingredients to the food in order to make the food more attractive in color and more unique in taste, which is used to promote the increase in the production of food processing. Under such circumstances, it is extremely important to conduct targeted safety inspections of food processing. This article mainly analyzes the pollution and classification of food processing, and puts forward related safety inspection methods in order to provide reference for relevant units.
Aromatic Aldehydes Production by Oxidative Degradation of Solid Residue Derived from Pine Waste Hydrolysis Coupling Acetylation
Authors: Nie Siyu , Cao Leichang
Published: September 2020

Xylose and cellulose acetate were prepared by hydrolysis and acetylation of hemicellulose and cellulose in landscaping biomass waste (pine) by dilute acid hydrolysis and acetylation, respectively. The obtained solid residue was rich in lignin that mainly contains three phenylpropane structural units and can be used to prepare aromatic chemicals under hydrothermal conditions. In this work, the synthesis of high value-added aromatic aldehydes (vanillin, syringaldehyde, and p-hydroxybenzaldehyde) from the solid residue (rich in lignin) by mild catalytic oxidation was studied. The oxidation degradation of the solid residue in NaOH solution to produce aromatic aldehydes was investigated by single factor experiment. The optimum reaction conditions were obtained as follows: 175 ℃, 90 min, 3.0 g solid residue, 100.0 ml NaOH solution (concentration of 2.0 mol/L), and oxygen pressure of 1.5 MPa. Under these conditions, the total yield of aromatic aldehydes from pine branch residue was 23.8 wt%.
Evaluation of measurement uncertainty of impact resistance of ceramic brick
Authors: Weizhe Chen
Published: September 2020

As the economy continues to grow rapidly, people's requirements for product quality are increasing year by year, including ceramic tile products, which, as a typical building material product, are widely used in various large and small buildings. The quality of ceramic tile products is mainly evaluated through inspection and testing. As an important part of the test results, measurement uncertainty is an important parameter that characterizes the reliability of the measurement results. This article analyzes the sources of uncertainty in the measurement of ceramic tile impact resistance, uses the measurement results and related data, and draws the final conclusion.
Expression of recombinant mouse cytosolic carboxypeptidase 6 in Escherichia coli
Authors: Wang Ruixue , Wu Hui-Yuan
Published: September 2020

Cytosolic carboxypeptidase 6 (CCP6) is a member of cytosolic carboxypeptidase (CCP) family that catalyze the removal of polyglutamate side chains from protein substrates. Biochemical and biophysical characterization of CCPs requires large quantities of purified proteins. However, no method describing the expression of any mammalian CCP family member from bacteria has been published to our best knowledge. After considerable efforts to improve the solubility of mammalian CCPs expressed in bacteria, including the optimization of induction temperature and by using different receptive cells, we were able to get less expression of mouse CCP6 in soluble fraction of bacterial lysates. We report in this article, the bacterial expression of CCP6 using Arctic Express (DE3) competent cells that co-express the chaperonin system GroEL and GroES from Oleispira antarctica. However, to achieve a large number of soluble target proteins, the expression conditions still need to be further optimized.
One-dimensional lanthanide chain bridged by nitronyl nitroxide radical ligand: structure and magnetic properties
Authors: Dong Hui Yang , Zhu Me
Published: September 2020

In order to synthesize the molecular magnetic material, the complex{Nd(hfac)3(NIT-5MeThien)}n(NIT-5MeThien=2-(5-Methyl-2ˊ-thienyl)-5--4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-imidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide) has been synthesized by the reaction using radical ligand and Nd(hfac)3•2H2O. X-ray diffraction analysis showed that the compound belongs to the monoclinic system and constituted by Nd(hfac)3 and NIT-5MeThien to obtain a one-dimensional chain which nitroxide radical acted as a bridged ligand through the N-O groups. Variable temperature magnetization of complex was shown the antiferromagnetic interaction between Nd(III) ion and nitroxide radical.
Preparation of modified magnesium hydroxide and its application in PA66
Authors: Chen Hong , Zhu Bao-Wei , Liu Haiyan , Yang He , Jiang Li-Peng
Published: September 2020

In the present study,the modified magnesium hydroxide was prepared by precipitation method using Mg(NO3), NaOH, and silane coupling 702 modifier as raw materials. The optimal reaction conditions were obtained as follows: sodium hydroxide was added to magnesium nitrate solution by dropping, the dropping speed of sodium hydroxide was 2ml/min, the reaction temperature was 60℃, and the ratio of modifier dosage to total solution volume was 7/100(g/ml). The oil absorption value and XRD were used to characterize the modified Mg(OH)2. In the application, the modified magnesium hydroxide was mixed with pentaerythritol octahydrogen tetraphosphate(PEPA) and applied to nylon 66(PA66).The flame retardancy and mechanical properties of the nylon 66(PA66)composite were studied.
Investigation of the antioxidant capacity of the components of Astragalus after membrane separation
Authors: Wang Yandong , Guo Yafei , Wang Yingli , Zhang Zemin
Published: September 2020

Astragalus is commonly used in health supplements, and its flavonoids and saponins are the important material basis for immune system enhancement. The study on the effective component contents and antioxidant capacities of astragalus extract after membrane separation lays the foundation of the application of membrane separation technology in health supplement development. The astragalus extract was filtered by suction and passed through membranes of 10000 Da, 2500 Da, and 600 Da to obtain retentate 1 (M1), retentate 2 (M2), retentate 3 (M3) and permeate MT. UV/vis spectrophotometer was used to compare the contents of total flavonoids and total saponins before and after each step of membrane separation. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to analyze the contents of Verbasil Glucoside and Astragaloside IV of all membrane separation samples, and the antioxidant activities were determined. The contents of flavonoids in membrane separation samples were significantly different. In the freeze-dried powders obtained from the membrane separation, the contents of total flavonoids and Verbasil Glucoside were the lowest in MT, M1 was the highest, and M3 was the second highest. The order of contents of total saponins and Astragaloside IV of the freeze-dried powders from membrane separation was as follows: M3 > M1 > M2 > MT. Among them, the content of total saponins in the freeze-dried powder of M3 was the highest, which reached 2.67 times of that of the astragalus extract. The order of the scavenging activities of membrane separation samples for DPPH free radical was: MT > M3 > M2 > M1 > astragalus extract. The strongest scavenging activity of hydroxyl free radicals was found in M3, and the scavenging rates of hydroxyl free radicals in all samples were higher than those of VC. The total antioxidant capacity of FRAP showed a certain dose-effect relationship. At the same concentration, the FRAP values of M1 and MT were higher than other samples. Membrane separation technology can be used to separate and purify the effective components from astragalus extract. M3 has the highest contents of the total flavonoids and total saponins, and its antioxidant capacity is better than that of astragalus extract and other samples obtained by membrane separation.
Advance on the nano delivery system of curcumin
Authors: Tang Shengjie
Published: September 2020

Curcumin has various physiological functions such as anti-oxidation, anti-cancer and prevention of Alzheimer's disease, but its poor water solubility and unstable physicochemical property limits the development and application of curcumin. The nano delivery carriers for curcumin prepared by nanotechnology can effectively solve these problems above. This paper summarized the research reports and literatures at home and abroad in recent years, categorized the nanocarriers of curcumin and analysed the definitions, preparation methods, properties and features, advantages and disadvantages of nano-emulsion, solid lipid particles, liposome, cyclodextrin inclusion compound respectively. In addition, this paper predicted application prospects of curcumin in the fields of food and medicine and provided references for the comprehensive development and utilization of curcumin.
Covid-19: Überlegungen zu Voraussetzungen von phytotherapeutischen Empfehlungen
Authors: Stange Rainer , Uehleke Bernhard
Published: September 2020

In der Beratung von Patienten stellen sich sowohl wegen der Möglichkeit einer zweiten Welle sowie der Langzeitprophylaxe insbesondere für Risikopersonen für naturheilkundlich praktizierende Ärzte weiterhin zwei Fragen: Gibt es Möglichkeiten einer primären Prävention im Sinne einer Abhärtung, durch pflanzliche Immunstimulantien, Adaptogene etc.? Und kann man leichtere Infektionen durch Atemwegstherapeutika günstig beeinflussen?

Dieser Artikel soll vorläufige Empfehlungen zur Phytotherapie geben. Wir sind uns sehr wohl der Problematik bewusst, dass sich diese zunächst sowohl in der präklinischen wie in der klinischen Evaluation nur an Analogiemodellen orientieren können. Verschiedene Aspekte zu präklinischen Ergebnissen waren bereits in Heft 2 / 2020 dieser Zeitschrift vorgestellt worden 1. Wir schließen mit einem Ausblick auf die Möglichkeiten und Schwierigkeiten prospektiver klinischer Forschung mit Phytopharmaka.
Stay at Work – Machbarkeit und Akzeptanz einer
berufsbegleitenden Form der medizinischen Rehabilitation
Authors: Kohl Matthias , Kulisch Kristina , Lorenz Sabrina , Streibelt Marco
Published: September 2020

Hintergrund Rückenschmerzen gehen mit erheblichen
Beeinträchtigungen der Teilhabe einher, denen die medizinische
Rehabilitation entgegenwirken soll. Es ist evident, dass das in Deutschland
übliche Setting nicht für alle Zielgruppen effektiv ist. Neben
einer Intensivierung für Risikogruppen könnte eine
niedrigschwellige Form für Personen mit moderaten
Beeinträchtigungen sinnvoll sein. Die Machbarkeit einer
berufsbegleitenden Rehabilitation (BbR) wurde in einer Studie untersucht. Die
BbR wurde als geschlossenes Gruppenprogramm mit einer Therapiedauer von 48
Stunden konzipiert (2 Termine pro Woche über 12 Wochen). Neben der
Umsetzbarkeit standen die Analyse unterschiedlicher Zugangswege und die
erreichten Ergebnisse im Fokus.

Methodik In 3 ambulanten Reha-Zentren waren 12 Gruppen mit 6 bis 12
Teilnehmenden geplant. Neben dem Antragsverfahren wurden Versicherte
über das Netzwerk der Reha-Einrichtungen sowie den Firmenservice der
Deutschen Rentenversicherung rekrutiert. Zielgruppe waren arbeitsfähige,
erwerbstätige Versicherte, die wegen Rückenschmerzen eine
medizinische Rehabilitation benötigen. Die Evaluation war
multiperspektivisch und multimethodisch angelegt. Neben einer Befragung der
Teilnehmenden zu Beginn, während und nach der BbR wurden
Gruppendiskussionen mit Vertreter/innen der Reha-Einrichtungen, der
Reha-Träger sowie Arbeitgebern durchgeführt.

Ergebnisse Es wurden 7 Gruppen mit insgesamt 56 Teilnehmenden in 2
Einrichtungen realisiert. Der typische BbR-Teilnehmende war weiblich,
verheiratet, ohne Kinder, 48 Jahre alt und in Vollzeit bei mittelgroßen
Unternehmen ohne Schichtdienst tätig. Ein Großteil hatte im Jahr
vorher keine bzw. geringfügige Fehlzeiten. 59% der Teilnehmenden
wurden über die Reha-Einrichtungen rekrutiert; nur Einzelfälle
über das Antragsverfahren. 2 Drittel hätten ohne das Angebot der
BbR keine Rehabilitation beantragt. Insgesamt waren die Teilnehmenden sehr
zufrieden mit der BbR. Allerdings wurde die Vereinbarkeit mit Arbeit und Alltag
als Herausforderung wahrgenommen. Prä-Post-Vergleiche bei
BbR-Teilnehmenden zeigten mittlere bis starke Unterschiede in der Bewertung der
allgemeinen Gesundheit, der Schmerzen, der Funktionsfähigkeit und der
Arbeitsfähigkeit.

Schlussfolgerung Die BbR hat angedeutet, welches Potenzial sie
für Menschen mit moderaten Beeinträchtigungen hat. Vor einer
Dissemination sollten die erkannten Herausforderungen bearbeitet werden. Dies
betrifft insbesondere die Rekrutierung und die Vereinbarkeit der Rehabilitation
mit Beruf und Alltag.
Zum Einfluss einer Ehrlichkeitserklärung auf die
Authentizität von Beschwerdedarstellungen
Authors: Kobelt-Pönicke Axel , Walter Franziska , Lid Naina , Ramien Nadia
Published: September 2020

Theoretischer Hintergrund Unehrliches Antwortverhalten von
Rentenantragstellern während der Begutachtung wird von impliziten
Motiven moderiert. Menschen handeln dann eher unehrlich, wenn sie dafür
ihr positives Selbstbild nicht aufgeben müssen.

Fragestellung Führt eine Ehrlichkeitserklärung zu Beginn
einer sozialmedizinischen Begutachtung zu einer Verringerung unehrlichen
Antwortverhaltens?

Methode 248 Rentenantragsteller wurden auf zwei Begutachtungsarme
(Ehrlichkeitserklärung) vor oder nach Testbearbeitung von 2
Beschwerdevalidierungstests (SFSS, BEVA)) randomisiert.

Ergebnisse Die Ehrlichkeitserklärung wirkte sich auf den SFSS,
nicht jedoch auf den BEVA aus. Der Effekt war von der Schulbildung
abhängig.

Schlussfolgerung Bei der Beurteilung von Antwortverzerrungen in
Begutachtungen müssen latente moralische und soziale Motive in der
Anamnese berücksichtigt werden. Höher Gebildete bevorzugen
andere moralische Standards oder gehen situationsabhängig individueller
mit moralisch herausfordernden Situationen um.
Der Zugang zu gesundheitlicher Versorgung nach Einführung der
elektronischen Gesundheitskarte: die Sicht geflüchteter
Patient(inn)en
Authors: Rolke Kristin , Wenner Judith , Razum Oliver
Published: September 2020

Ziel der Studie Der Zugang zur gesundheitlichen Versorgung für
Geflüchtete wird bundesweit in den Kommunen unterschiedlich organisiert,
sowohl im Hinblick auf die Organisation von (sozialarbeiterischen bzw.
kommunalen) Unterstützungsangeboten als auch durch die Wahl des
Zugangsmodells (elektronische Gesundheitskarte/eGK-Modell oder
Behandlungsschein/BHS-Modell). In den letzten Jahren haben einige
Bundesländer und Kommunen die Versorgung geflüchteter
Patient(inn)en auf das Zugangsmodell mit eGK umgestellt. Wir analysieren auf
Grundlage von Daten aus Nordrhein-Westfalen, wie sich der Zugang zur
gesundheitlichen Versorgung aus Sicht Geflüchteter gestaltet und welche
Rolle das Versorgungsmodell (eGK vs. BHS) dabei spielt.

Methodik In 3 Kommunen in NRW (2 mit BHS und eine mit eGK) wurden
insgesamt 31 Interviews mit Geflüchteten zu 2 Erhebungszeitpunkten
(Aufenthalt in Deutschland ≤ 15 und > 15 Monate)
geführt, um den unterschiedlichen Anspruch auf Versorgungsleistungen zu
berücksichtigen. Dabei sollte eine maximale Variation der
Interviewpartner(inn)en in Bezug auf Alter, Geschlecht, chronische Krankheiten,
Schwangerschaft und Elternschaft erreicht werden. Die Interviews wurden mit
Unterstützung von Dolmetscher(inne)n geführt. Die Transkripte
der Interviews wurden computergestützt (atlas.ti8) durch eine
Inhaltsanalyse ausgewertet.

Ergebnisse Der Genehmigungsprozess durch das Sozialamt führt in
Kommunen mit BHS-Modell zu zusätzlicher Wartezeit für (Weiter-)
Behandlungen. Der direktere Zugang durch das eGK-Modell sowie der Wegfall der
Leistungseinschränkungen nach 15 Monaten Aufenthalt können den
Zugang zur Versorgung besonders für chronisch erkrankte
Geflüchtete erleichtern. Der Erstkontakt mit dem Gesundheitssystem
erfolgt meist mit Unterstützung von Sozialarbeiter(inne)n, Freund(inn)en
oder Familienmitgliedern.

Schlussfolgerung Für Geflüchtete mit einem
höheren Versorgungsbedarf kann der Zugang durch das eGK-Modell
erleichtert werden. Weitere Zugangsbarrieren, wie z. B. die
beschränkte Verfügbarkeit von Dolmetscher(inne)n, bestehen
unabhängig vom Zugangsmodell.
Impact of mechanical simulator practice on clinical ERCP performance by novice surgical trainees: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Meng Wenbo , Yue Ping , Leung Joseph W. , Wang Haiping , Wang Xiyan , Wang Fangzhao , Zhu Kexiang , Zhang Lei , Zhu Xiaoliang , Wang Zhengfeng , Zhang Hui , Zhou Wence , Li Xun
Published: September 2020

Background Lack of forward-viewing endoscopy experience impairs training in endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). We evaluated the effect of ERCP mechanical simulator (EMS) practice on ERCP performance by surgical trainees.

Patients and methods 12 surgical trainees without endoscopy experience were randomly allocated to non-EMS (n = 6) programs or to EMS (n = 6) programs with coaching and 20 hours of supervised EMS practice. All trainees then received supervised hands-on clinical ERCP training. Trainers provided verbal instructions and hands-on assistance, and took over if cannulation was not achieved by 20 minutes. Blinded trainers rated clinical performance.

Results Each group performed 150 clinical ERCPs. Biliary cannulation success was significantly higher in the EMS vs. the non-EMS group (P = 0.006), with shorter mean times (in minutes) for intubation, cannulation, and completion (all P < 0.001). EMS trainees showed a significantly better mean performance score (P = 0.006). In multivariate analysis, after adjusting for case sequence, CBD stone, complexity, and EMS training, the effect of EMS practice on odds for successful cannulation remained highly significant (odds ratio [OR] 2.10 [95 %CI 1.46 – 3.01]). At 6 months EMS trainees still had better cannulation success vs. non-EMS controls (P = 0.045); no difference was observed after 1 year.

Conclusions EMS practice shortens the ERCP early learning curve of inexperienced surgical trainees, improves clinical success in selective biliary cannulation, and may reduce complications.
Der Einsatz eines störungsübergreifenden, multiprofessionellen ‚Betriebssystems‘ für die Psychiatrie: die Perspektive der Nutzer
Authors: Lucke Sara , Pabst Alexander , Franz Michael
Published: September 2020

Anliegen Erfassung der Einsetzbarkeit und Nutzungsakzeptanz eines auf der Basis der dialektisch-behavioralen Therapie (DBT) erstellten Leitfadens für Interaktionen, Haltungen und übergreifende therapeutische Interventionen (GiMa-Therapie-Basics, GMTB).

Methoden Schriftliche Befragung von n = 83 multiprofessionellen Mitarbeitern als Experten auf der Basis einer Schulung und Erfahrung in der Nutzung.

Ergebnisse Es zeigte sich eine hohe Nutzungsakzeptanz. Die Einsetzbarkeit in der Psychiatrie wurde störungsübergreifend als hoch eingeschätzt.

Schlussfolgerung Achtsamkeitsbasierte Leitfäden wie die GMTB stellen eine vielversprechende Grundlage dar, die Arbeit mit schwerkranken Patienten in der Psychiatrie zu verbessern.
Belastung von Kindern psychisch erkrankter Eltern im Normgruppenvergleich – eine Hochrisikogruppe für selektive und indizierte Prävention?
Authors: Kettemann Beate , Mattejat Fritz , Vorwerk Julia , Franz Michael
Published: September 2020

Ziel der Studie Erfassung von Verhaltensauffälligkeiten von Kindern psychisch erkrankter Eltern (KpK), Schlussfolgerungen für Prävention.

Methodik Patienten in stationärer psychiatrischer Behandlung (N = 399) mit Kindern (4–18 Jahre) schätzten das Verhalten der Kinder mit der Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) ein.

Ergebnisse Verhaltensauffälligkeiten der KpK waren in allen Syndrombereichen signifikant stärker ausgeprägt als in der Normstichprobe Gesunder. Im Vergleich zu einer Klinikstichprobe der Kinder-/Jugendpsychiatrie zeigten sich insgesamt zwar weniger Auffälligkeiten, vergleichbar ausgeprägte Auffälligkeiten wurden jedoch in den Bereichen „sozialer Rückzug“ (4–11-jährige Jungen, 12–18-jährige Mädchen) und „körperliche Beschwerden“ (12–18-jährige Jungen und Mädchen) gefunden.

Schlussfolgerungen Deutliche Hinweise auf selektiven, teils indizierten Präventionsbedarf bei KpK sowie auf Syndrombereiche, die in der Prävention besonders berücksichtigt werden sollten.
Single Sitting Revitalization of Nonvital Young Permanent Teeth
Authors: Kaur Avninder , Soni Anchal , Shabir Harees
Published: September 2020

A 9-year-old child reported with chief complaint of broken teeth (11 and 21) and discolored tooth (21). Diagnosis of pulp necrosis with apical periodontitis with regard to 11 and 21 was made based on clinical and radiographic examination. The canals were irrigated with sodium hypochlorite and then dried with paper points. Disinfection of canals was done using photoactivated disinfection (PAD). Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) was placed as scaffold in canals till the cementoenamel junction (CEJ). A 2-mm thick layer of white MTA was placed, followed by dual seal using glass–ionomer cement (GIC) and composite resin. Follow-up examination was done for 1 year. Clinical examination showed no pain, tenderness on percussion, and no mobility and improvement in color of teeth. Radiographic evaluation revealed continued thickening of the dentinal walls, root lengthening, regression of the periapical lesion, and partial apical closure. This report of pulp revascularization shows that disinfection with photodynamic therapy combined with PRF resulted in satisfactory root development in necrotic immature teeth.
Continued Gap in Seizure Frequency Documentation
Authors: Debs Andrea , Gedela Sravya , Patel Anup D.
Published: September 2020

Proper documentation during neurology clinic visits is essential. Medical providers that document precise and standardized findings aid other providers, nurses, and research personnel. The American Academy of Neurology (AAN) created standardized quality measures in order to improve delivery of care for patients with epilepsy, providers, and systems. In this article, we reviewed a total of 777 charts in order to find documentation on seizure frequency from the most recent clinical visit. Data was collected from electronic healthcare records. During initial chart review, the following information was noted: age, gender, seizure type(s), etiology type(s), provider (neurologist or epileptologist), whether seizure frequency was noted, and the reason for no documentation. The data review represented a sample of the epilepsy population seen at our institution. Of the 734 individuals, 475 patients had seizure frequency documented (65%). Two hundred and fifty-nine (259) people (35%) were missing seizure frequency data. For those individuals, we determined the reasoning behind why this data was not present in the chart note. Of those 259 charts, there were 65 (25%) charts missing seizure frequency, 161 (62%) charts that were vague, and 33 (13%) charts where seizure frequency could not be determined. Based on our findings, the documentation of seizure frequency is a gap in care.
Role of Inflammatory Cell Responses in Stimulating Fibroblasts in Diabetic Oral Ulcer after Treatment with Liquid Smoke of Coconut Endocarp: A Histological Assessment
Authors: Ernawati Diah Savitri , Surboyo Meircurius Dwi Condro , Ayuningtyas Nurina Febriyanti , Nagoro Ayu Anggraini Broto
Published: September 2020

Objective The liquid smoke of coconut endocarp (LS-CE) contains high antioxidants that promote oral ulcer healing in diabetics. This study reveals the profile of inflammatory cell responses to oral ulcer healing in diabetics under treatment with LS-CE.

Materials and Methods A diabetic model was induced with alloxan. Treatment with LS-CE was performed on oral ulcer at a dose of 1 μL/g weight for 3, 5, and 7 days. The anti-inflammatory effect was tested on animal’s oral ulcer model by measuring the inflammatory cell responses of the neutrophils, macrophages, lymphocytes, and fibroblasts through histological assessment.

Results The LS-CE stimulated the healing by simultaneously increasing the inflammatory cell responses. The numbers of neutrophils, macrophages, and fibroblasts after treatment for 7 days are higher than that after 3 days and 5 days (p < 0.01), but not for neutrophils. The LS-CE shows increase in the fibroblasts by hastening responses of macrophage recruitment by five times, but not neutrophil and lymphocyte recruitment. The higher phenolic compounds in LS-CE are responsible for increase in the proliferation of fibroblasts, as it hastens cellular responses of macrophages.

Conclusions The application of LS-CE enables hastening of the healing of diabetic oral ulcer by stimulating the macrophages.
Plasma-Based Device for Mechanical to Electrical Energy Conversion
Authors: Larter Raima
Published: September 2020

A simple hand crank mechanism allows multiple transient spark discharges and plasma generation from a piezoelectric crystal.
A short-term hybrid wind power prediction model based on singular spectrum analysis and temporal convolutional networks
Authors: Zhao Yang , Jia Li
Published: September 2020

Accurate and stable wind power prediction is the basis of wind energy planning, dispatching, and control in the generation and conversion of the wind power generation industry. A new nonlinear hybrid model, singular spectrum analysis (SSA)-temporal neural network (TCN) is proposed to improve the accuracy of wind power sequence prediction. This method introduces SSA, which decomposes the original wind power sequence into four parts: trend, primary detail components, secondary detail components, and noise. The experiment is conducted under the three conditions of no noise removal, only noise removal, and decomposing original sequences without noise into several components to verify that SSA does help improve the model performance. Moreover, this paper adopts a new TCN network instead of the current most advanced Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network. It has a longer actual memory range and is better able to cope with the gradient disappearance. In order to study the advancement of the TCN, the experimental part also includes the performance comparison between the TCN and the LSTM network, as well as the ablation experiment of the TCN. Finally, multi-step prediction is conducted to further demonstrate the fitting ability of the TCN, SSA-TCN, and LSTM network. The results show that (a) the SSA-TCN has the best predictive performance among the involved models; (b) SSA can significantly improve the prediction accuracy; (c) the performance of the TCN is better than that of the LSTM network because of the extended causal convolution structure of the TCN and the residual blocks.
Dawn of the topological age?
Authors: Ramirez Arthur P. , Skinner Brian
Published: September 2020

Nontrivial electron band structures may enable a new generation of functional materials.
Studies on Thiourea Catalysed Bromocycloetherification and Bromolactonisations
Authors: Pitchumani Venkatachalam , Lupton David W.
Published: September 2020

Lewis base catalysed halofunctionalisation reactions of alkenes are well established and allow access to, among others, various oxygen containing heterocycles. By exploiting the known conversion of N-heterocyclic carbenes into the corresponding thioureas it has been possible to prepare and study a range of chiral and non-chiral Lewis base catalysts for such reactions. Although all thiourea catalysts were found to mediate bromocycloetherification and bromolactonisation reactions, they could not be achieved with enantioselectivity.
Management of invasive mesopredators in the Flinders Ranges, South Australia: effectiveness and implications
Authors: Stobo-Wilson Alyson M. , Brandle Robert , Johnson Christopher N. , Jones Menna E.
Published: September 2020

Abstract
ContextSignificant resources have been devoted to the control of introduced mesopredators in Australia. However, the control or removal of one pest species, such as, for example, the red fox (Vulpes vulpes), may inadvertently benefit other invasive species, namely feral cats (Felis catus) and rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus), potentially jeopardising native-species recovery.
AimsTo (1) investigate the impact of a large-scale, long-term fox-baiting program on the abundance of foxes, feral cats and introduced and native prey species in the Flinders Ranges, South Australia, and (2) determine the effectiveness of a short time period of cat removal in immediately reducing feral cat abundance where foxes are absent.
MethodsWe conducted an initial camera-trap survey in fox-baited and unbaited sites in the Flinders Ranges, to quantify the impact of fox baiting on the relative abundance of foxes, feral cats and their prey. We then conducted a secondary survey in sites where foxes were absent, following an intensive, but short, time period of cat removal, in which 40 cats were shot and killed.
Key resultsNo foxes were detected within baited sites, but were frequently detected in unbaited sites. We found a corresponding and significant increase in several native prey species in fox-baited sites where foxes were absent. Feral cats and rabbits were also more frequently detected within baited sites, but fox baiting did not singularly predict the abundance of either species. Rather, feral cats were less abundant in open habitat where foxes were present (unbaited), and rabbits were more abundant within one predominantly open-habitat site, where foxes were absent (fox-baited). We found no effect of short-term cat removal in reducing the local abundance of feral cats. In both camera-trap surveys, feral cat detections were positively associated with rabbits.
ConclusionsLong-term fox baiting was effective in fox removal and was associated with a greater abundance of native and introduced prey species in the Flinders Ranges. To continue to recover and conserve regional biodiversity, effective cat control is required.
ImplicationsOur study showed fox removal has likely resulted in the local release of rabbits and an associated increase in cats. Because feral cat abundance seemingly fluctuated with rabbits, we suggest rabbit control may provide an alternative and more effective means to reduce local feral cat populations than short-term removal programs.
Is cat hunting by Indigenous tracking experts an effective way to reduce cat impacts on threatened species?
Authors: Paltridge Rachel , Ward Nolia Napangati , West John Tjupurrula , Crossing Kate
Published: September 2020

Abstract ContextFeral cat is a favoured food item in some Australian Indigenous communities. We describe how cats are hunted and whether cat hunting can contribute to the persistence of threatened species. AimsTo determine whether cat hunting by expert trackers has the potential to be an effective method of managing predation impacts on threatened species at key sites. MethodsWe recorded all cats captured on the Kiwirrkurra Indigenous protected area (Kiwirrkurra IPA) over a 5-year period by offering incentive payments for hunters to report their catch. For a subset of hunts, we measured the duration and distance of the hunt. We compared the frequency of occurrence of cat tracks in 2-ha track plots between the hunting zone and more remote, unmanaged areas. At a finer scale, we compared cat presence at bilby burrows inside and outside the hunting zone. Key resultsIn all, 130 cats were removed from the Kiwirrkurra IPA from 2014 to 2019. Hunts took an average of 62min to complete and a team of four hunters could catch up to four cats in a single day. Although cats still occurred throughout the hunting zone, we found that cat detections at track plots were less likely in the areas where cats were hunted. Long-term data suggest that threatened species have persisted better in areas where there is an active presence of hunters. ConclusionsCat hunting by Indigenous tracking experts is an efficient method of despatching cats at localised sites. Following footprints on foot facilitates the targeting of individual cats that are hunting at threatened species burrows. More rigorous studies are required to determine whether cat hunting significantly reduces predation on threatened species, or whether there are other co-benefits of maintaining a presence of hunters in the landscape (such as fine-scale fire management) that are more important for the persistence of vulnerable prey. Implications Wherever open sandy substrates occur, there is potential to employ Indigenous expert trackers to assist with the removal of problem cats, such as, for example, to complete cat eradication inside fenced reintroduction sites, or at times of peak prey vulnerability, such as breeding events or after bushfires.
All-fiberized very-large-mode-area Yb-doped fiber based high-peak-power narrow-linewidth nanosecond amplifier with tunable pulse width and repetition rate*
Authors: Yang Min , Li Ping-Xue , Wang Dong-Sheng , Yu Ke-Xin , Dong Xue-Yan , Wang Ting-Ting , Yao Chuan-Fei , Yang Wei-Xin
Published: September 2020

We demonstrate an all-fiberized narrow-linewidth nanosecond amplifier with high peak power, tunable pulse width, and repetition rate. A fiber-coupled narrow-linewidth laser diode operating at 1064.1 nm is employed as the seed source, which is gain-switched to generate nanosecond pulses with tunable pulse widths of 1–200 ns and tunable repetition rates of 10 Hz–100 kHz. By utilizing a very-large-mode-area Yb-doped fiber with a core diameter of 50 μm in the power amplifier, thresholds of the stimulated Brillouin scattering at different pulse widths and repetition rates are increased. The maximum average power reaches 30.8 W at the pulse width of 4 ns and a repetition rate of 100 kHz, corresponding to an optical-to-optical conversion efficiency of ∼55.2%. Pulse energy and peak power are calculated to be 0.2 mJ and 50 kW, respectively, which are limited by stimulated Brillouin scattering. The 3-dB spectral linewidth remains around 0.05 nm during the power scaling process. The stimulated Brillouin scattering limited output powers at different pulse widths and repetition rates are investigated. Peak power of 47.5 kW (0.19 mJ) is obtained for the 4 ns pulses at a repetition rate of 50 kHz, which is nearly the same as that of 4 ns pulses at 100 kHz. When the pulse width of the seed source is increased to 8 ns, peak powers/pulse energies are decreased to 19.6 kW/0.11 mJ and 13.3 kW/0.08 mJ at repetition rates of 50 kHz and 100 kHz, respectively.
A 2DEG back-gated graphene/AlGaN deep-ultraviolet photodetector with ultrahigh responsivity*
Authors: Gao Jinhui , Li Yehao , Hu Yuxuan , Wang Zhitong , Hu Anqi , Guo Xia
Published: September 2020

A graphene/AlGaN deep-ultraviolet (UV) photodetector is presented with ultrahigh responsivity of 3.4 × 105 A/W at 261 nm incident wavelength and 149 pW light power. A gain mechanism based on electron trapping at the potential well is proposed to be responsible for the high responsivity. To optimize the trade-off between responsivity and response speed, a back-gate electrode is designed at the AlGaN/GaN two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) area which eliminates the persistent photocurrent effect and shortens the recovery time from several hours to milliseconds. The 2DEG gate is proposed as an alternative way to apply the back gate electrode on AlGaN based devices on insulating substrates. This work sheds light on a possible way for weak deep-UV light detection.
Effect of pressure on the electrical properties of flexible NiPc thin films fabricated by rubbing-in technology
Authors: Karimov Khasan S , Muhammadsharif Fahmi F , Ahmad Zubair , Rehman M Muqeet , Ali Rashid
Published: September 2020

Nickel phthalocyanine (NiPc) film was deposited onto the surface of flexible conductive glass by rubbing-in technology and used to fabricate devices based on ITO/NiPc/CNT/rubber structure. TheI–Vcharacteristics of the devices were investigated under different uniaxial pressures of 200, 280, and 480 gf/cm2, applied perpendicular to the surface of the NiPc film. Results showed that the nonlinearity coefficients of theI–Vcurves are in the range of 2 to 3, which was found to be decreased with the increase of the pressure. The rectification ratio of the devices was estimated to be varied from 1.5 to 3 based on the applied pressure. Concluding, the resistance of the active layers was decreased with the increase of both pressure and voltage. We believe that using the rubbing-in technology under sufficient applied pressure it is possible to utilize NiPc for the development of various electronic devices such as diodes, nonlinear resistors, and sensors.
Improving robustness of complex networks by a new capacity allocation strategy
Authors: Liu Jun
Published: September 2020

The robustness of infrastructure networks has attracted great attention in recent years. Scholars have studied the robustness of complex networks against cascading failures from different aspects. In this paper, a new capacity allocation strategy is proposed to reduce cascading failures and improve network robustness without changing the network structure. Compared with the typical strategy proposed in Motter–Lai (ML) model, the new strategy can reduce the scale of cascading failure. The new strategy applied in scale-free network is more efficient. In addition, to reasonably evaluate the two strategies, we introduce contribution rate of unit capacity to network robustness as evaluation index. Results show that our new strategy works well, and it is more advantageous in the rational utilization of capacity in scale-free networks. Furthermore, we were surprised to find that the efficient utilization of capacity costs declined as costs rose above a certain threshold, which indicates that it is not wise to restrain cascading failures by increasing capacity costs indefinitely.
Theoretical investigation of halide perovskites for solar cell and optoelectronic applications*
Authors: Yang Jingxiu , Zhang Peng , Wang Jianping , Wei Su-Huai
Published: September 2020

The solar cell based on organic-inorganic hybrid halide perovskite is progressing amazingly fast in last decade owing to the robust experimental and theoretical investigations. First-principles calculation is one of the crucial ways to understand the nature of the materials and is practically helpful to the development and application of perovskite solar cells. Here, we briefly review the progress of theoretical studies we made in the last few years on the modification of electronic structures of perovskites by varying the composition, configuration, and structure, and the new understandings into the defect properties of halide perovskites for solar cell and optoelectronic applications. These understandings are foundations and new starting points for future investigations. We hope the experience and inspiration gained from these studies encourage more theoretical explorations for new functional perovskite-based materials.