Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) In Elderly: Cytogenetic Characteristics of Patients Treated At Hematology and Pediatric Oncology Center in Casablanca
Authors: Bendari Mounia , Khoubila Nisrine , Cherkaoui Siham , Hada Nezha , Lamchahab Mouna , Oukache Bouchra , Madani Abdellah , Rachid Mohamed , Qachouh Meryem , Quessar Asmaa 
Published: December 2018

We conducted a retrospective analysis of 283 patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) treated in our unit, we will report the incidence of AML in elderly, describe cytogenetic characteristics of this population, observe rare and novel cytogenetic abnormalities and compare our finding with that previously reported in literature. Among the 283 patients, 157 (54,4%) patients performed the karyotype, cytogenetic analysis failed in 17 cases (11%).  Prognostic group distribution was found to be favorable in 8 patients (6%) with 6 cases of t (8; 21) and 2 cases of inv (16), intermediate group in 94 patients (67%), including 58 cases (41,5%) with a normal karyotype, and an unfavorable group in 38 patients (27%) including complex karyotype (15%), -5 or del 5q (3%), -7 or del 7q (3.5%), t(9,22) (2%). Some rare anomalies were observed. However, occurrence of a complex karyotype was more frequent than younger patients. In our unit, elderly benefit from supportive care, our study shows that it is heterogeneous group and our treatment approach have to change especially for patient from favorable risk group who can benefit from intensive chemotherapy. We have to improve our diagnosis with including molecular genetics that provide a documented substrate for a thoughtfully considered treatment plan.
AIM: The goals of this paper are: to report the incidence of AML in elderly, to describe cytogenetic characteristics of this population, to observe rare and novel cytogenetic abnormalities and lastly, to compare our finding with that previously reported in the literature.
METHODS: We conducted a retrospective analysis of 283 patients with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) treated in our unit, we will report the incidence of AML in elderly, describe cytogenetic characteristics of this population, observe rare and novel cytogenetic abnormalities and compare our finding with that previously reported in the literature.
RESULTS: Among the 283 patients, 157 (54.4%) patients performed the karyotype, the cytogenetic analysis failed in 17 cases (11%). Prognostic group distribution was found to be favorable in 8 patients (6%) with 6 cases of t (8; 21) and 2 cases of inv (16), intermediate group in 94 patients (67%), including 58 cases (41,5%) with a normal karyotype, and an unfavorable group in 38 patients (27%) including complex karyotype (15%), -5 or del 5q (3%), -7 or del 7q (3.5%), t (9; 22) (2%). Some rare anomalies were observed.
CONCLUSION: However, the occurrence of a complex karyotype was more frequent than younger patients. In our unit, elderly benefit from supportive care, our study shows that it is a heterogeneous group and our treatment approach have to change especially for the patient from favourable risk group who can benefit from intensive chemotherapy. We have to improve our diagnosis with including molecular genetics that provides a documented substrate for a thoughtfully considered treatment plan.