bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bacillus Cereus Biodegradability of Phosphorus and other Heavy Metals in Nigeria’s Agbaja Iron Ore
Authors: Obot Obotowo W. , Anyakwo Charles N.
Published: June 2017

An investigation into the capacity of Bacillus cereus to degrade some of the heavy metals found in Nigeria’s Agbaja iron ore was carried out in the laboratory for 10 weeks.  As obtained iron ore from Agbaja community in Kogi State of Nigeria was crushed and sieved to select 0.50/0.25mm particle size.  Bacillus cereus was one of the microorganisms identified after culturing a portion of the crushed iron ore in suitable media overtime.  Some control samples were also set up that did not contain either the microbes and/or ore samples.  At weekly interval, samples were removed and analyzed to obtain ammonium phospho-molybdate precipitate which was titrated with 0.1 N-HCl to determine the amount of phosphorus (P).  Liquid samples were analyzed for heavy metals concentration using UniCam Solaar 969 AA spectrophotometer.  Findings reveal that the microbes degraded 58.18% P and in the process accumulated some of the heavy metals: 82.17% Cu, 100% Cd and Fe, 8.12% Zn and 68.42% Pb.  The pH of the media remained entirely basic attaining 9.63 at the end of the investigation.  The log of microbial density which maximized in the 3rd week at 7.498 cfu/ml (colony forming unit/milliliter) showed serious decline by the 10th week to 4.763 cfu/ml.  It is possible the microorganisms may have had a low degradation capacity as a result of heavy metals over-accumulation, especially that of Pb, known to be highly poisonous above certain concentrations.  Recommendations include a further study of the broth media mixture with samples and microorganisms as findings may enhance an efficient metabolic wastes management and a sustainable microbial degradation of iron ore samples.
Reflexiones en torno a la paz que vive Colombia y su implicancia en la educación
Authors: Magendzo Abraham
Published: June 2017

¿Qué significa el logro de paz para la educación en Colombia? El actual proceso y sus implicaciones en la educación es el tema de este artículo, el autor expone cuatro tesis y resume algunos de sus puntos de vista como la responsabilidad de la educación en la recuperación de las memorias, individuales y colectivas. Para la premisa es comprender que no existe una sola historia oficial, sino más bien una infinidad de ellas, que han transcurrido en el mismo número de contextos, espacios y tiempos y cuyos protagonistas han estado en los lados opuestos de los cañones de las armas. El proceso de paz acarrea una misión para la escuela y los docentes: acoger emociones, apaciguar rencores y crear confianzas.
Prácticas pedagógicas mediadas por dispositivos móviles: Estrategias para desarrollar habilidades de pensamiento investigativo y creativo
Authors: Rincón Trujillo Helka Liliana , Malagón Ruíz Rusby Yalile , Vasco Gutiérrez Diego Fernando , Bedoya Yustres Steven
Published: June 2017

El presente artículo tiene como propósito la reconstrucción de la práctica pedagógica de los instructores ganadores al 1er. Premio a la Excelencia del Instructor SENA - 2014, en la modalidad innovación, en la categoría equipo. Dos jóvenes ingenieros convencidos que la creación de ambientes de aprendizaje centrados en la confianza y en las capacidades de los aprendices, estimulan la autonomía y favorecen la expresión del pensamiento creativo.
Penerapan Syariat Islam terhadap Peraturan Daerah dalam Sistem Hukum Nasional Indonesi
Authors: Yunus Nur Rohim
Published: June 2017

The application of sharia in Indonesia has a strong historical roots, even predates the history of European law itself. So if there is a desire of some parties to implement it, it is not something fabricated or new demands are groundless,but already has a strong historical roots with the age of the nation.Therefore, the national law system opens opportunity to adopt islamic shariat becoming national law, like what had been implemented, zakat constitution, marriage, and so forth. In other hand, it opens an opportunity to the local government to implement the islamic shariat for local constitution and it can implement to the local society interest.
Measuring the Efficiency Profile of Crop Production in Traditional Rainfed Sector of North Kordofan state, Sudan.
Authors: Ibrahim Ibrahim Elnour , Morakah Ahmed Mohammed
Published: June 2017

The main objective of this study was to measure and analyzes economic efficiency of crop production in North Kordofan State. Secondary objectives included: estimate technical, allocative and economic efficiency and construct efficiency profile determination and the effect of socio-economic factors behind inefficiency. Primary data was collected by a structured questionnaire following stratified random sampling technique from 205 farmers, while secondary data was collected form relevant Institutional sources. The stochastic frontier production and cost function model analysis was used to estimate the technical, allocative and economic efficiency of producing crops. The predicted technical efficiency and economic efficiency are the basis for estimating allocative efficiency of farm. Results indicated that the mean technical efficiency of sorghum, millet, groundnuts and sesame were 0.57, 0.73, 0.53 and 0.74, respectively. The mean allocative efficiency of sorghum, millet, groundnuts and sesame production were 0.84, 0.83, 0.92 and 0.90, respectively. The mean economic efficiency of sorghum, millet, groundnut and sesame were 0.48, 0.62, 0.49 and 0.67, respectively. Farmers who have credit access are more technically efficient than those who have no credit access.
Influences of Packaging on Consumers’ Choice of Agricultural Products in Enugu, Nigeria
Authors: Wilfred Chukwuebuka Ebube , Onyeakusiobi Tobenna Valentine
Published: June 2017

This study focused on packaging and its influence on consumers’ choice of agricultural products in Enugu metropolis, Nigeria. In addition, it also aimed to ascertain the relationship between packaging of agricultural products and their perceived quality. The study population is made up of agro-product consumers in Enugu metropolis, Nigeria. A total of 165 questionnaires were administered to respondents. Data obtained through questionnaires were tabulated and analyzed using simple percentages while the chi-square was used to test the research hypotheses. The major findings of this study were that packaging has a direct relationship both to consumers’ choice of agricultural products and their perception of the quality of such products. Accordingly, the researchers conclude and recommend that improved packaging design for agricultural products is essential in attracting consumers and positively influencing their choice of purchase.
Identification of Meat Species by Using Molecular and Spectroscopic Techniques
Authors: Güneş Altuntaş Evrim , Deniz Ebru , Ayhan Beycan , Candogan Kezban , Ozel Demiralp Duygu
Published: June 2017

Meat is one of the main nutrition source in the human diet with its excellent protein, vitamin and mineral contents. Despite its advantages, being high-priced makes meat products open to adulteration. Meat products are mixed food types which can contain different species of meat. However, mixing two or more types of meats is not always allowed by laws. On the other hand, replacement high quality meats with cheaper meat types are a cost lowering way for the producers. The commonly consumed meat types differ from country to country, but generally economical, ethnic and religion concerns are in the foreground. In this case, species identification techniques are gaining importance. Although some techniques depending on DNA or spectroscopy have been developed for many years, choosing the best method for species identification is still among the controversial issues today. Thus, the currently used methods and promising techniques in this area were discussed in this review.
Evaluation of an Organic Package of Practice Towards Green Gram Cultivation and Assessment of its Effectiveness in Terms of Crop Sustainability and Soil Quality Development
Authors: Seal Antara , Bera Ranjan , Roy Chowdhury Rupkatha , Mukhopadhyay Koushik , Mukherjee Sudipta , Dolui Ajit Kumar
Published: June 2017

Restoration of soil has been identified as the option; to ensure crop sustainability. However, as per Trophobiosis Theory of French Scientist F. Chaboussou, focus on development of healthy plants is necessary to abate pest and disease invasion so as to ensure sustained crop performance, even under unfavorable environmental conditions. The present study, in randomized block design with green gram as test crop; was undertaken in Krishi Vigyan Kendra (Howrah, West Bengal) to evaluate the effectiveness of Inhana Rational Farming (IRF) Technology towards crop yield and soil quality development under different sustainable models viz. organic cultivation, integrated soil with organic crop management and non- chemical crop management; as compared to conventional farming practice. Highest yield was recorded under organic (933 kg ha-1) followed by integrated (921 kg ha-1) and non- chemical plant management (902 kg ha-1). The results were well corroborated with the plant development index obtained under these treatments. Favorable trend of soil quality under sustainable models especially in terms of microbial properties indicated the role of quality compost towards speedy rejuvenation of soil dynamics. The study indicated that reduction of synthetic fertilizers and qualitative management of soil is essential to restrict yield decline. However, plant management shall be prerequisite for ensuring crop sustainability without any time lag and under the changing climatic patterns. In this respect the potential of IRF Technology has been well accounted.
Developing Transformative Space for Student Resistance: Latina/o Students’ Interruption of Subtractive Schooling Practices
Authors: Chavarria Karina
Published: June 2017

Social reproduction scholars and the literature on critical race theory and student resistance contend that schools are not neutral institutions existing in a vacuum free of the political and social struggles for rights and resources (Delgado Bernal, 1998; Fine, 1991). Instead, schools can be institutions that reproduce dominant ideologies and oppressive hierarchies or arenas from which to challenge power and status-quo policies (Freire, 1970). Drawing from two years of participant observations at Hillcrest High School, this study explores how Latina/o students in collaboration with their teacher engage in transformational resistance to subtractive schooling. I document how co-leadership in the classroom between teacher and students supports the co-creation of a transformative space for critical reflection. Similar to activist groups creating spaces to cultivate youth political engagement, classrooms can be reconstructed to foster the development of students as agents of change. This article presents the process through which Latina/o students gain critical reflection of social inequalities and systems of oppression that enables them to advocate for more inclusive and just schooling practices.
Analisis Sistem Rantai Pasok PT. Semen Padang
Authors: Julasmasari Fitri
Published: June 2017

Supply Chain Management is a concept or mechanism to increase the total productivity of companiesin the supply chain through optimization of the time, location and quantity of material flow from rawmaterials into semi-finished products and finished products. Supply Chain Management is not onlyabout the relationship with the supplier but also the link between the company and consumers. Tofind out the value of the company supply chain performance within a certain time, we need a draftmodel of supply chain performance measurement in which the design will be implemented at thecompany. By knowing the value of supply kunerja chainnya the company can improve theeffectiveness and productivity of the organization to achieve organizational goals is to win thecompetition, and increase corporate profits. Kata kunci: Supply Chain Management, PT. Semen Padang
Analisis Penyimpanan dan Pengeluaran Bahan Curah PT. Semen Padang
Authors: Rahmawati Suchi
Published: June 2017

AbstractInventory are assets of a company. If the inventory control of a company is not good then the company will incur a loss, if a company's inventory control both the Performance Management will benefit. Inventory control is one of them can be done by looking at inventory turnover (ITO). Since inventory is a very important thing to do design a model that can be used as an alternative to using the approach Economic Production Quantity (EPQ). Inventory control can be done in a way determine the number of requests a year to do the calculations for the current conditions in the ITO. then performed 12 period ahead forecasting using linear, quadratic, exponential, cyclical, and cyclical trends, the Standard Error of Estimate (SEE) the smallest of each method obtained the number of requests made after that period 12 calculations Economic Production Quantity (EPQ ) to get the optimum amount of inventory as well as ITO calculations performed for the optimum amount of inventory.Based on calculations obtained ITO current state of the low of 0.010, while the ITO using EPQ is 0.230. Concluded that the inventory control for coal by using the method of generating EPQ inventory turnover is better than the methods currently used by the company.Keywords: Inventory, EPQ,ITO
Analisis Penerimaan dan Pengeluaran Barang Umum Non Curah Pada Gudang Perbekalan PT. Semen Padang
Authors: Sari Amanda Febria
Published: June 2017

Inventory has its advantages and disadvantages. The advantage of this inventory is to beable to anticipate the urgent needs of the company, meet the demand from users. But thisstock has a loss, which can increase the costs to be incurred by the company so as to reducethe advantage held by the company. The more the amount of inventory in warehouse, themore the cost of inventory that must be removed and inventory turnover (ITO) whichproduced the lower. One way to do inventory control is to determine the optimal orderquantity. The method used to determine the optimal number of reservations is to use theEOQ method by considering the amount of safety stock and reorder point when done. Basedon the calculations have been performed for the optimal order quantity are 2,019 bottles ofoxygen, welding wirerod is 14,795 stems, and 185 stem of pipe metal. By doing of EOQ toinventory control obtained by the method of ITO increases the weld wire and pipe metalfrom 0.0392 to 1.1010 at the welding wire and from 0.2949 to 0.8627 on a pipe metal.However, the oxygen has decreased from 1.9238 to 1.6094 so that it can be concluded thatthe EOQ method can not be applied to the oxygen, but can be applied to the weldingwire and pipe metal.
Model Pemilihan Pemasok Bahan Baku Kelapa Parut Kering dengan Metode AHP (Studi Kasus PT. Kokonako Indonesia)
Authors: Wardah Siti
Published: June 2017

The selection of suppliers is a strategic activity, especially if the supplier will supply critical items and/ or will be used in the long term. Many factors need to be considered in the selection of suppliers. PT. Kokonako Indonesia is one of the companies of the Group are located in Medan Capella. There are weaknesses in the selection of suppliers conducted by PT. Indonesia Kokonako the decision maker for the purchase of raw materials which are not within specification diameter ≥ 10 cm. Therefore, this study aims to perform the selection of suppliers with the consideration of a more comprehensive and objective as needed. The first stage is carried out in order to represent the actual circumstances is to identify the criteria, sub-criteria, and alternatives that will be used in the selection of suppliers. There are 6 criteria, 13 subcriteria, and 4 alternatives used in the selection of suppliers for raw materials dried grated coconut. The second stage, the stage determines the method for the selection of suppliers. Based on the identification there are no dependencies between sub criteria. Therefore, the exact method used to determine the priority of suppliers to be selected is the method of analytical hierarchy process (AHP). By using the AHP, the priorities selected suppliers for raw materials are dried grated coconut and weighs 0.363 Tempuling District as a top priority. Followed by Sub Tembilahan with weights 0.268, third priority is the District Enoch with weights 0.213, and the last is the Sub Trunk Tuaka and weighs 0,157.Keywords : Selection of suppliers, Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP)
Penerapan Metode SERVQUAL pada Bank X
Authors: Putri Nilda Tri , Jonrinaldi Jonrinaldi , Pratiwi Ranti
Published: June 2017

The banking sector had become industrial which keeps growing. Competition requires each bank competing to attract many customers in many ways both in terms of products, technologies, and services. Marketing Research Indonesia (MRI) performs measurements of the services quality of the banking. X Bank occupies the fifth position in terms of service quality. X Bank need to do repair service constantly to improve customer loyalty. The method used was servqual consisting of five dimensions. Based on gap between perception and expectations known priority on X Bank. Repair service with the main priority is customer service quickly. A long customer service cause long queue at customer service and teller. Typically, most clients come at the beginning of the month. However, a large number of customer that are not anticipated by the number of teller and customer service. Customer satisfaction level of this attribute only 68,09%. That means the banks need to make improvements such as by adding the number of teller and customer service at a particular time and organizing shift work teller and customer service more effectively.Keywords : service quality, gap, Marketing Research Indonesia.
Perbaikan Rancangan Kruk Ketiak untuk Penderita Cedera dan Cacat Kaki
Authors: Alfadhlani Alfadhlani , Meuthia Yumi , Valent Dolly Filius
Published: June 2017

Kruk merupakan tongkat/alat bantu berjalan untuk orang yang memiliki keterbatasan fisik karena cacat atau cedera, biasanya digunakan secara berpasangan untuk mengatur keseimbangan tubuh saat berjalan. Kruk biasanya terdiri dari dua jenis yaitu kruk ketiak (Axillary Crutch) dan kruk lengan bawah (Forearm Crutch). Kruk ketiak pada umumnya terbuat dari aluminium karena berat jenisnya yang relatif ringan, namun memiliki kekuatan mekanik yang relatif rendah, sehingga pada beberapa kasus kruk aluminium mengalami bengkok saat digunakan. Kruk ketiak yang diusulkan oleh [1] dan [2] kurang praktis untuk dibawa, penutup kruk yang licin dan mudah rusak, serta ketinggiannya yang tidak mudah diatur sesuai keinginan. Pada makalah ini dilakukan studi untuk mengusulkan alternatif material pengganti yang lebih kuat dan sekaligus mengatasi masalah kekurangan kruk yang diusulkan oleh peneliti sebelumnya. Material yang dipertimbangkan dalam kajian adalah aluminium, baja karbon, dan stainless steel. Material terpilih untuk diusulkan sebagai material pengganti adalah stainless steel, penggunaan material ini dapat mereduksi bobot kruk sebanyak 28,6% dari 1,75 kg menjadi 1,25 kg. Agar kruk praktis dibawa, diusulkan sistem geser dengan tiga komponen penyusun utama yaitu tiang penyesuai jangkauan, tiang utama dan tiang penyesuai ketinggian, dengan sistem ini kruk memiliki panjang yang bisa disesuaikan yaitu panjang minimal 100 cm dan panjang maksimal 150 cm. Tiang utama kruk dibagi menjadi dua bagian, panjang masing-masing tiang utama adalah 50 cm dan 45 cm sehingga lebih mudah dilipat untuk disimpan dan dibawa. Penutup ujung kruk menggunakan karet agar tidak licin, karet tersebut dimasukkan ke dalam pipa tiang utama sehigga lebih tahan terhadap tekanan. Pegangan kruk dirancang dengan kemiringan yang bisa disesuaikan, rasio penyesuaian kemiringan yaitu 14,4o agar posisi tangan dan pergelangan tangan lebih baik dan nyaman saat penggunaan, tetapi derajat kemiringan kruk rancangan ini masih lebih besar 2,4o jika dibandingkan dengan kemiringan yang ergonomis yaitu sebesar 12o.Keywords: kruk, cacat, cedera, ergonomis
Optimasi Perencanaan Keuntungan Produksi pada Pengolahan Rendang di Perusahaan “Rendang Erika” Payakumbuh
Authors: Panggabean Deswani , Djalal Masrul , Santosa Santosa
Published: June 2017

Rendang is a traditional Minangkabau food. Rendang is generally made of meat, coconut milk and seasoning. Generally rendang semi-wet, but now it has been modified into a dry rendang. Dry rendang widely produced at Payakumbuh, West Sumatra Province. This research was conducted in July to August 2013 at Company " Rendang Erika " Payakumbuh. Research purposes is plotting the maximum profit and optimum production quantities with minimal use of resources. Processing data using the program LINDO (Linear Interactive Discrete Optimizer). The results of the study on the optimum conditions obtained maximum profit of Rp 84,049,360,- per month. The use of herbs and spices and coconut milk have been optimum.Keywords : Optimization, Rendang, LindoAbstrakRendang merupakan makanan tradisional Minangkabau. Rendang umumnya dibuat dari daging, santan dan bumbu. Umumnya rendang berbentuk semi basah, tetapi sekarang sudah dimodifikasi menjadi rendang kering. Rendang kering banyak diproduksi di Payakumbuh Propinsi Sumatera Barat. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Juli sampai dengan Agustus2013 di Perusahaan "Rendang Erika" Payakumbuh. Tujuan penelitian untuk merencanakan keuntungan maksimum dan jumlah produksi optimum, dengan mempergunakan sumberdaya seminimal mungkin. Pengolahan data menggunakan program LINDO (Linear Interactive Discrete Optimizer). Hasil penelitian pada kondisi optimum didapatkan keuntungan maksimum Rp 84.049.360,- per bulan. Pemakaian bumbu dan rempah serta santan kelapa sudah optimum.Kata Kunci : Optimasi, Rendang, Lindo
Perancangan Fixture Pada Proses Sekrap Dan Freis Untuk Memproduksi Komponen Poros Idler
Authors: Ikhsan Muhammad
Published: June 2017

Idler shaft is the engine components that are often produced in the automotive field, the shaft serves to continue the effort together with the rotation. Making idler shaft through several machining processes such as lathes, sekrap, and Freis. At this time laporn designed tools to process and Freis sekrap in the production of idler shaft. The design of this tool using the clamping screw. Placed on the front clamping tools for process sekrap. Based on the results obtained, the time spent with the tools and shorter setup times smaller than that obtained without the tools, so the production cost by using the tools is greater than the production costs without the tools in this case the production shaft idler. Keywords : Fixture, clamping, idler shaft
Studi Fenomenologi : Pengalaman Interaksi Sosial Lansia Dengan Sesama Lansia Dan Pengasuh Di Panti Sosial Tresna Werdha “ Sabai Nan Aluih” Sicincin Kabupaten Padang Pariaman Tahun 2012
Authors: Huraini Emil , Surmasih Gusti
Published: June 2017

: Penurunan derajat kesehatan dan kemampuan fisik yang terjadi pada lansia disertai dengan kondisi kesepian dan terisolasi karena berada di Panti Tresna Wedha mempengaruhi interaksi sosial lansia secara kuantitas maupun kualitas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi pengalaman interaksi sosial sesama lansia dan dengan pengasuh di Panti Sosial Tresna Werdha Sabai Nan Aluih, Sicincin Kabupaten Padang Pariaman Tahun 2012. Jenis penelitian adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi. Jumlah informan sebanyak 6 orang, pemilihan informan secara purposive sampling dengan kriteria spesifik yaitu dengan pengasuh yang tinggal 24 jam di panti. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan wawancara mendalam dan studi dokumentasi, dan observasi. Alat pengumpul data adalah pedoman wawancara dan alat perekam (recorder). Pengolahan data dilakukan dengan mencatat, membuat transkrip, intisari, dan analisis tematik dari 5 variabel penelitian yaitu kerjasama, komunikasi, konflik, pelayanan yang diberikan pengasuh, dan tindakan/cara kerja pengasuh baik itu yang menyenangkan maupun yang kurang menyenangkan. Hasil penelitian didapatkan 5 tema yakni : Kerjasama menjaga kebersihan wisma dan menolong teman yang sakit, Upaya lansia menjalin komunikasi dengan sesama teman, Konflik sesama lansia dan penyebabnya, Jenis Pelayanan yang diberikan pengasuh, Sikap dan perilaku pengasuh dalam interaksi. Disarankan agar pengasuh lebih intensif dan proaktif memberikan bimbingan sosial, lebih luwes, dan berpartisipasi aktif pada setiap kegiatan di panti. Pimpinan panti disarankan sebaiknya perlu dilakukan pelatihan tentang pekerja sosial lanjut usia, kepada peneliti selanjutnya disarankan untuk meneliti interaksi sosial secara kuantitatif sesuai tema yang sudah terindentifikasi
Presentación v20n31
Authors: Lemos de la Cruz Jorge Eduardo , Ágreda Moreno Enrique Jorge
Published: June 2017

Preliminares edición vol. 20 N°31, junio de 2004
La contabilidad un saber sin medición
Authors: Lemos de la Cruz Jorge Eduardo
Published: June 2017

El presente artículo pretende evidenciar que la contabilidad solo alcanza a resolver problemas de clasificación y comparación frente a los hechos de su interés, en tanto carece de una noción propia de valor (teoría de valor) y los conceptos que se apropia de otras disciplinas por su uso y significado no alcanzan a proponer una metrización  de las cualidades en los objetos de interés contable. El marco para evaluar los requisitos de medición en la contabilidad son los ya expuestos en desarrollos desde la filosofía de la ciencia en un aparte sobre la teoría de medición
Estados financieros consolidados
Authors: Agreda Moreno Enrique Jorge
Published: June 2017

Los estados financieros consolidados, se caracterizan por ser de propósito general, su preparación y publicidad es una exigencia legal, siendo en principio la preocupación conocer los métodos para su preparación y establecer los casos en los que se debe cumplir tal requisito. La fuerza de la globalización económica impulsa a las empresas a expandir y fortalecer tanto la actividad que desarrolla como su presencia en el mercado, de ahí la emergencia de dos conglomerados y/o grupos económicos, cuya actuación exige a la vez algún tipo de control, o como mínimo establecer reglas de juego que permitan conocer su estructura financiera y los resultados de su vinculación, siendo esta, una de las causas de la exigencia para consolidar. Más allá de la metodología, es importante establecer las razones por las cuales se consolida, aspecto que normalmente no se aborda en los textos. El presente trabajo tiene como propósito realizar un acercamiento al tema, orientado a la explicación de razones haciendo al tiempo un ejercicio de comparación breve con las normas internacionales, apoyado en el paradigma de la utilidad, la revelación y el control.
El costeo integral en el HUV - Una propuesta a considerar para el Hospital Universitario del Valle - E.S.E.
Authors: Ángel Urueña Carlos Alberto
Published: June 2017

El costeo integral en el HUV - Una propuesta a considerar para el Hospital Universitario del Valle - E.S.E.
Control Interno: Metodología para la Evaluación del Riesgo, análisis de los resultados y recomendaciones, caso CAPRECOM EPS
Authors: Rengifo Millán Maritza
Published: June 2017

El presente texto tiene como objetivo mostrar la importancia del control interno como sistema para disminuir los riesgos a los que se expone una organización y, para el caso, se toma como referencia la entidad pública Caja de Previsión Social de Comunicaciones CAPRECOM E.P.S. Se hace un análisis de los resultados económicos de CAPRECOM EPS en los últimos años (2000 – 2002), con el ánimo de motivar una reflexión en torno a la relevancia del control interno y su componente “evaluación de riesgo”, que mejora la eficiencia, reduce los riesgos de pérdida de activos, y propende por la confiabilidad de los estados financieros, el cumplimiento de las leyes y de las regulaciones de una institución. Para ellos se analiza la metodología implementada por el Departamento Administrativo de la Función Pública en Colombia. Como consideración final se recomienda elaborar un plan (representado en una matriz) de mejoramiento y seguimiento a las acciones planteadas en el proceso metodológico de la entidad objeto de estudio.
Formulación de un modelo organizacional portuario para países en desarrollo
Authors: Van-Kan Manuel Fernando
Published: June 2017

La importancia del comercio exterior en el crecimiento económico de países en desarrollo requiere que el sistema portuario sea altamente competitivo. Generalmente; Puertos Públicos en Países de América Latina que son administrados y operados exclusivamente por entidades gubernamentales, no son competitivos para cubrir eficientemente la demanda de un Mercado Global de Servicios Portuarios. Esta incompetencia podría ser superada con una adecuada implementación de una reforma portuaria. Para lograr una exitosa reforma portuaria es necesario adoptar un modelo organizacional apropiado que incremente la productividad y eficiencia de los puertos públicos. La nueva organización necesita ser altamente sensitiva para atender satisfactoriamente las demandas de los Usuarios y Cliente; manteniendo una sostenible ventaja competitiva. La organización del puerto debe ser re-estructurada para competir en un mercado cambiante; optimizando y racionalizando sus Recursos y disminución sus Costos Operativos. Esta investigación propone un modelo organizacional y formula estrategias para conseguir una alta competitividad en Puertos de Servicio Público de América Latina que tienen una prestación deficiente de servicios portuarios.
Entorno empresarial en Indonesia
Authors: Aguilera Carlos Iván , Cortés María Victoria
Published: June 2017

Este artículo presenta una descripción del entorno empresarial en Indonesia, a través de la identificación de las principales características de agentes económicos, análisis de la organización del mercado, actividades y el trabajo de coordinación y control de las empresas. Los mayores agentes económicos en Indonesia son industrias gubernamentales y grandes corporaciones. Los grandes negocios son dominados por un grupo de familias poderosas; estos tienen un alto nivel jerárquico y centralizado. La toma de decisiones es controlada por la alta gerencia, usualmente por el fundador de la firma o por un miembro clave de la familia. El consenso, la armonía, y la lealtad son muy importantes entre los grupos de negocios. La corrupción fue y sigue siendo un serio problema que afecta los diferentes niveles del gobierno y los procesos en los negocios.
La corrupción y los costos de transacción - una mirada desde la contratación estatal colombiana
Authors: Martínez Edgar , Ramírez Juan Manuel
Published: June 2017

A partir de la formulación neoinstitucional, se analiza la incidencia del fenómeno de la corrupción dentro del proceso de contratación estatal. Inicialmente se hace referencia al Neoinstitucionalismo que a través de los costos de transacción y la teoría de la agencia, ofrece un marco orientador de la discusión; seguidamente se aborda el fenómeno de la corrupción y sus causas; luego se analiza la relación entre corrupción y contratación estatal y, finalmente, se presentan unas recomendaciones.
Acteurs, scénarios et discours: la mobilisation en réseaux de la biodiversité
Authors: Toro Pérez Catalina
Published: June 2017

La «biodiversidad » no expresa solamente la variabilidad de especies, organismos y estructuras moleculares en diferente nivel y complejidad o bien la gran diversidad de culturas, etnias y prácticas sociales vernaculares. La biodiversidad es ante todo una construcción de sentido que revela una representación institucional de la idea de una sociedad planetaria reconstruida a partir de una forma de determinación biológica. Es la expresión de un sistema de intervención global excluyente, construida por las sociedades del Norte para las sociedades del sur en el contexto global de la ciencia, la cultura y el comercio. Es una visión de mundo que se manifiesta como el nuevo Contrato Social del Planeta, donde aparecen tiempos y espacios ancestrales y milenaristas en la puesta en escena de la Gran Negociación, en Río 92. Ella revela en particular un nuevo modo de intervención global de la llamada “sociedad en red” en un nuevo universo de sentido de las políticas públicas: la gobernabilidad sin gobierno. La expresión de «gobernabilidad global», que pertenece al lenguaje de la mundialización asocia entre los grupos que constituyen la Política Publica no solo a los gobiernos nacionales o a las instituciones supranacionales, también incluye a las corporaciones tales como empresas y centros de investigación privados. Las nuevas redes de individuos comprendidos a la escala internacional, también constituyen una expresión de poder y de pre-distribución de recursos simbólicos y materiales. Queremos presentar la historia de esta « sociedad en red » ambientalista del primer mundo, y su rol de mediador y traductor de los referentes de seguridad global y de identidad asociados a la biodiversidad en las sociedades llamadas del sur. Pero, ella no es necesariamente una nueva sociedad fuera de toda soberanía: por el contrario ella es funcional a los intereses económicos que soportan los centros de poder hegemónicos. Estamos convencidos que la capacidad de los Estados Unidos y sus aliados para combinar a la vez, su poder particular con una teoría general de la coordinación global, expresa la matriz de su propia historia social. (Panitch, 2004) La sociedad en red es coherente con esta teoría general de coordinación. Con el argumento de la necesidad de la protección de la biodiversidad a través de la experimentación y el comercio de los organismos vivos para resolver los problemas del hambre de los pobres, se permite el libre acceso y apropiación del patrimonio natural y cultural de las sociedades del sur. La historia responderá a los escépticos. Pero la ciencia debe continuar. A nombre de la ciencia y la técnica, el nuevo Dios, se refuerza la dominación cultural de los expertos como la expresión de una sociedad tecnificada con una política cientifizada que impone y opone la tecnocracia en remplazo de la democracia.  (Habermas 1973).
Presentación v21n34
Authors: Varela Barrios Edgar
Published: June 2017

Preliminares edición vol. 21 N°34, diciembre de 2005
Las Organizaciones de Economía Solidaria: Un Modelo de Gestión Innovador
Authors: Orrego Correa Clara Ines , Arboleda Alvarez Olga Lucia
Published: June 2017

Este artículo reflexiona sobre la necesidad de una propuesta paradigmática que oriente los procesos de gestión de las organizaciones de economía solidaria desde desarrollos teóricos, conceptuales, técnicos e instrumentales, consecuentes con las particularidades filosóficas y económicas propias de las organizaciones mencionadas. El artículo consta de dos partes: la primera define los conceptos de organización, gestión de organizaciones y organizaciones de economía solidaria; la segunda, caracteriza y analiza, específicamente, los procesos de gestión en dichas organizaciones
La Educación Tecnológica en Cali: Retos de la Concreción de una Política de Formación para el trabajo 1995-2000
Authors: Candelo Estacio Florencio
Published: June 2017

El presente artículo constituye una síntesis de trabajos de investigación donde se muestra el inicio de una revalorización conceptual y social adquirida por el conocimiento tecnológico relacionándolo con los nuevos requerimientos sociales para el empleo; se incluyen también nuevas perspectivas conceptuales sobre la formación para el trabajo, el desarrollo regional, la planificación educativa y el cambio institucional. Se enuncian hechos ocurridos a lo largo de la década del 90, referidos a los ámbitos económicos, políticos y sociales, y aquellos de carácter legal referidos a la Ley de Ciencia y Tecnología, la Constitución Política de 1.991, la Ley 301 92 sobre Educación Superior, incluido el tema de la acreditación de los programas y la Ley General de Educación, Ley 115 de 1994. En el artículo se deja ver un modelo de análisis investigativo y un procedimiento técnico que dan cuenta del manejo de aspectos y variables e indicadores y un aporte desde la academia para repensar la política de formación tecnológica y su incidencia en el progreso regional
"Le Management entre tradition et renouvellement" 4 édition
Authors: Varela Barrios Edgar
Published: June 2017

Omar Aktouf Avec la collaboration d'Olivier Boiral, Mehran Ebrahimi et Anne-Laure Saives
Routines in Web Journalism: Multitasking and Time Pressure on Web Journalists
Authors: Fernandes Sarita González , Jorge Thaïs de Mendonça
Published: June 2017

The Internet has brought changes to journalism and the routines of news producers. Over time, professionals in online journalism have had to take on more tasks within the same news making process; one which is replete with speed. This article analyzes how multitasking enhances time pressure in the production routines of web journalism. The research used for the analysis was a collection of in-depth interviews conducted with web journalists from two websites in Brasília. The results from these interviews show that online producers tend to compare themselves with other media professionals. They also believe that they multitask more than other journalists do. Multitasking is seen as one of the aggravating factors leading to time pressure in production routines. It also raises other questions about web journalism. A internet implica transformações no jornalismo e nas rotinas dos produtores da notícia. Ao longo do tempo, o exercício do jornalismo em rede agregou outras tarefas a serem executadas pelos profissionais em um mesmo processo de produção da notícia, permeado pela rapidez. O artigo objetiva analisar como as multitarefas potencializam a pressão do tempo nas rotinas produtivas do webjornalismo. Para a análise, foram aplicadas como técnica de pesquisa entrevistas em profundidade com webjornalistas de dois sites de notícias de Brasília. Os resultados apontam que os webjornalistas tendem a se comparar com profissionais de outras mídias e se consideram jornalistas mais multitarefas do que os demais. As multitarefas são interpretadas como um dos agravantes da pressão do tempo nas rotinas produtivas, além de levantarem outros questionamentos sobre o webjornalismo.La internet implica transformaciones en el periodismo y en las rutinas de los productores de noticias. Con el tiempo, el ejercicio del periodismo en red añadió otras tareas para los profesionales en un mismo proceso de producción de noticias, impregnado por la velocidad. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo evaluar como las multitareas potencian la presión del tiempo en las rutinas productivas en ciberperiodismo. Para el análisis, se aplicaron como una técnica de investigación entrevistas en profundidad con periodistas de internet de dos sitios web de noticias de Brasilia. Los resultados muestran que los ciberperiodistas tienden a compararse con profesionales de otros medios y consideran que son más multitareas que otros periodistas. Las multitareas son interpretadas como un agravante de la presión del tiempo en las rutinas productivas y que causan otras cuestiones sobre el ciberperiodismo.
Photojournalism: Diverse Concepts, Uniform Practices
Authors: Capovilla Luz Ramos Julia , Marocco Beatriz Alcaraz
Published: June 2017

This paper is a review of the historical development of the concept of photojournalism. It presents thoughts on the field without trying to reconcile the differences or invalidate established ideas on the singularity of photojournalism knowledge and performance as it is connected to professional ethos or media norms. The conclusion was drawn that photojournalism is constituted as an object of theoretical discussion whose revision requires effort from the researcher to understand much of what is said about the field while the professionals within in the practice itself arm themselves with arguments against amateurs and their growing intervention in media. The bricolage which is presented, inspired by Lévi-Strauss, was formed with “what was at hand”; meaning a good part of its construction came from the remains of previous constructions (LÉVY-STRAUSS, 1989, p. 32-38).    O presente trabalho faz uma revisão do conceito de fotojornalismo em sua trajetória histórica. Expõe-se um pensamento sobre o campo, sem a pretensão de aplainar diferenças ou subjugar as ideias formuladas sobre a singularidade do saber e do fazer fotojornalístico vinculados ao ethos profissional ou à normatividade das mídias. Conclui-se que o fotojornalismo se configura em objeto de disputa teórica cuja revisão exige, por parte do pesquisador, um esforço em entender que muito se diz sobre o campo enquanto na prática os profissionais se armam de argumentos frente aos diletantes e sua crescente interferência nas mídias. A bricolagem apresentada, sob inspiração de Lévi-Strauss, foi formada com “aquilo que se tem à mão”, sendo boa parte dessa construção proveniente do que restou de construções anteriores (LÉVY-STRAUSS, 1989, p. 32-38).     Este artículo revisa el concepto de fotoperiodismo en su trayectoria histórica. Expone un pensamiento sobre el campo, sin pretensión de suavizar las diferencias o subyugar las ideas formuladas sobre la singularidad del saber y del hacer fotoperiódico relacionados con el ethos profesional o la normatividad de los medios de comunicación. Se concluye que el fotoperiodismo está configurado en objeto de disputas teóricas cuya revisión requiere, por parte del investigador, un esfuerzo por entender que se habla mucho el campo, mientras que en la práctica los profesionales estan llenos de argumentos bajo a los diletantes y su creciente interferencia en los medios de comunicación. La bricolage presentada, bajo la inspiración de Levi-Strauss, se formó a "lo que está a la mano", y gran parte de esta construcción de lo que quedó de las construcciones anteriores (LÉVY-STRAUSS, 1989, p. 32-38).Photojournalism: Diverse Concepts, Uniform Practices
Community Forests Ensuring Local Governance and Livelihood: A Case Study in Sunwal VDC, Nawalparasi, Nepal
Authors: Paudel Devi Prasad
Published: June 2017

This paper analyses local governance in forest resource management through people's participation and the ways it relates to the contribution in securing livelihood. This case study was conducted in Sunwal VDC of Western Tarai, Nepal, and information was collected through direct observation, household survey, key informant interview, focus group discussion and analysis of secondary information. It discusses a few examples of how the community forestry programme can be used as a means to promote participation of the women, the poor, disadvantaged and marginalized group in forest resource management, as well as enhancing livelihood and improving the forest resource management in their locality. It is found that though the community forestry programme has positive impacts, it faces several constraints and challenges. The results of the case study clearly indicate that community forestry processes must address the political, economic and social needs of the forest users, and also provide a neutral platform on which the poor and disadvantaged group can express their voices.The Geographical Journal of Nepal, Vol. 8-9, 2010-2011: 33-42
Hume and Conjectural History
Authors: Santos Castro Juan Samuel
Published: June 2017

An often-ignored Humean contribution to Scottish Enlightenment is ‘conjectural history’, an eighteenth-century historical genre that attempted to trace the origins and development of particular institutions from prehistory to modernity. But conjectural methodology prevented histories from establishing any facts. What was then its point? I propose a way to justify Hume's practice of conjectural history by appealing to his scattered comments on historical explanation. Conjectural histories explain the origin of modern institutions by offering the rationale that must have caused their emergence and stability and that justifies their current approbation, providing the reader with means for understanding and criticism.
An Easily Understandable Grey Wolf Optimizer and Its Application to Fuzzy Controller Tuning
Authors: Precup Radu-Emil , David Radu-Codrut , Szedlak-Stinean Alexandra-Iulia , Petriu Emil M. , Dragan Florin
Published: June 2017

This paper proposes an easily understandable Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO) applied to the optimal tuning of the parameters of Takagi-Sugeno proportional-integral fuzzy controllers (T-S PI-FCs). GWO is employed for solving optimization problems focused on the minimization of discrete-time objective functions defined as the weighted sum of the absolute value of the control error and of the squared output sensitivity function, and the vector variable consists of the tuning parameters of the T-S PI-FCs. Since the sensitivity functions are introduced with respect to the parametric variations of the process, solving these optimization problems is important as it leads to fuzzy control systems with a reduced process parametric sensitivity obtained by a GWO-based fuzzy controller tuning approach. GWO algorithms applied with this regard are formulated in easily understandable terms for both vector and scalar operations, and discussions on stability, convergence, and parameter settings are offered. The controlled processes referred to in the course of this paper belong to a family of nonlinear servo systems, which are modeled by second order dynamics plus a saturation and dead zone static nonlinearity. Experimental results concerning the angular position control of a laboratory servo system are included for validating the proposed method.
Net Greenhouse Gas Budget and Soil Carbon Storage in a Field with Paddy–Upland Rotation with Different History of Manure Application
Authors: Takakai Fumiaki , Nakagawa Shinpei , Sato Kensuke , Kon Kazuhiro , Sato Takashi , Kaneta Yoshihiro
Published: June 2017

Methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) fluxes were measured from paddy–upland rotation (three years for soybean and three years for rice) with different soil fertility due to preceding compost application for four years (i.e., 3 kg FW m−2 year−1 of immature or mature compost application plots and a control plot without compost). Net greenhouse gas (GHG) balance was evaluated by integrating CH4 and N2O emissions and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions calculated from a decline in soil carbon storage. N2O emissions from the soybean upland tended to be higher in the immature compost plot. CH4 emissions from the rice paddy increased every year and tended to be higher in the mature compost plot. Fifty-two to 68% of the increased soil carbon by preceding compost application was estimated to be lost during soybean cultivation. The major component of net GHG emission was CO2 (82–94%) and CH4 (72–84%) during the soybean and rice cultivations, respectively. Net GHG emissions during the soybean and rice cultivations were comparable. Consequently, the effects of compost application on the net GHG balance from the paddy–upland rotation should be carefully evaluated with regards to both advantages (initial input to the soil) and disadvantages (following increases in GHG).
A New Life for Cross-Linked Plastic Waste as Aggregates and Binder Modifier for Asphalt Mixtures
Authors: Costa Liliana , Peralta Joana , Oliveira Joel , Silva Hugo
Published: June 2017

Every year, millions of tons of plastic waste, with potential to be reused, are wasted in landfills. Based on a literature review and in a local market analysis, cross-linked polyethylene (PEX) waste arose as the material with the greatest potential to be tested for incorporation in asphalt mixtures due to the difficulty in its recycling and the lack of solutions for its reuse. Thus, in the present work, mixtures produced with and without PEX were tested in order to compare their performance, aiming at understanding if this waste could successfully be used as an alternative material for this type of application. Thus, water sensitivity, rutting resistance, stiffness modulus and fatigue cracking resistance tests were carried out on asphalt mixtures with up to 5% PEX. Based on the results obtained, it can be concluded that the incorporation of PEX in asphalt mixtures is a viable solution for paving works, especially when high service temperatures are expected. It also decreases the density of the mixture, which can be attractive to lighten structures. Thus, this technology contributes to give new life to cross-linked polyethylene plastic waste.