bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Forest age and topographic position jointly shape the species richness and composition of vascular plants in karstic habitats
Authors: Bátori Zoltán , Tölgyesi Csaba , Li Gábor , Erdős László , Gajdács Márió , Kelemen András
Published: April 2023

Key message

Dolines may provide important safe havens for many plant species and play a key role in maintaining biodiversity. The combined effects of forest age and topographic position influence the biodiversity patterns of these unique habitats. Forest managers, conservationists, and researchers need to work together in order to maintain the species richness and composition of these habitats under environmental changes.

Context

Dolines are the most prominent geomorphological features in many karst landscapes that may provide important microhabitats for many species.

Aims

We aim to contribute to a better understanding of how forest age and topographic position influence the plant species richness and composition of vascular plants within doline habitats.

Methods

We studied the effects of forest age (four age classes: from 5- to 10-year-old stands to more than 90-year-old stands), topographic position (south-facing slope, bottom, and north-facing slope), and their interaction on the distribution of vascular plants and mean Ellenberg indicator values in dolines using detrended correspondence analysis and mixed-effects models. Diagnostic species for the forest age classes and topographic positions were also determined.

Results

Different groups of vascular plant species usually showed significant preferences for certain topographic positions and/or forest age classes in dolines. In general, the number of species in all studied groups of plants increased after a few years of canopy removal. The number of plant species in almost all groups was lowest in dolines covered with 40–45-year-old forests. The moist and nutrient-rich doline bottoms covered with 90–120-year-old forests harboured many climate change vulnerable plant species.

Conclusions

Forest age and topographic position considerably influence the species richness and composition of vascular plants in dolines; therefore, forest managers and conservationists need to consider their potential impacts when evaluating the effects of climate warming on karst landscapes.
Risk factors for in-hospital mortality and secondary bacterial pneumonia among hospitalized adult patients with community-acquired influenza: a large retrospective cohort study
Authors: Yi Guangzhao , de Kraker Marlieke E. A. , Buetti Niccolò , Zhong Xiaoni , Li Jinyan , Yuan Zhe , Zhu Weimin , Zhou Jia , Zhou Hongyu
Published: April 2023

Background

Secondary bacterial pneumonia is an important complication of seasonal influenza, but little data is available about impact on death and risk factors. This study identified risk factors for all-cause in-hospital mortality and secondary bacterial pneumonia among hospitalized adult patients with community-acquired influenza.

Methods

A retrospective cohort study was performed at a tertiary teaching hospital in southwest China. The study cohort included all adult hospitalized patients with a laboratory-confirmed, community-acquired influenza virus infection during three consecutive influenza seasons from 2017 to 2020. Cause-specific Cox regression was used to analyze risk factors for mortality and secondary bacterial pneumonia, respectively, accounting for competing events (discharge alive and discharge alive or death without secondary bacterial pneumonia, respectively).

Results

Among 174 patients enrolled in this study, 14.4% developed secondary bacterial pneumonia and 11.5% died during hospitalization. For all-cause in-hospital mortality, time-varying secondary bacterial pneumonia was a direct risk factor of death (cause-specific hazard ratio [csHR] 3.38, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.25–9.17); underlying disease indirectly increased death risk through decreasing the hazard of being discharged alive (csHR 0.55, 95% CI 0.39–0.77). For secondary bacterial pneumonia, the final model only confirmed direct risk factors: age ≥ 65 years (csHR 2.90, 95% CI 1.27–6.62), male gender (csHR 3.78, 95% CI 1.12–12.84) and mechanical ventilation on admission (csHR 2.96, 95% CI 1.32–6.64).

Conclusions

Secondary bacterial pneumonia was a major risk factor for in-hospital mortality among adult hospitalized patients with community-acquired influenza. Prevention strategies for secondary bacterial pneumonia should target elderly male patients and critically ill patients under mechanical ventilation.
Safety and efficacy of self-expandable metallic stent combined with 125I brachytherapy for the treatment of malignant obstructive jaundice
Authors: Sheng Ye , Fu Xiaobo , Wang Guobao , Mu Maoyuan , Jiang Weiwei , Chen Zixiong , Qi Han , Gao Fei
Published: April 2023

Background

Several previous studies demonstrated that the combination of self-expandable metallic stents (SEMS) and 125I seed implantation might prolong stent patency and obtain survival benefits for malignant obstructive jaundice (MOJ) patients. However, these studies rarely mentioned a comparison between CT-guided intratumoral 125I seed implantation and intraluminal 125I seed strand insertion combined with stenting for the management of MOJ. This study aimed to further evaluate the safety and efficacy of SEMS combined with 125I brachytherapy in the management of unresectable MOJ.

Methods

Fifty-nine patients with unresectable MOJ were retrospectively included from March 2018 to June 2021. The main therapeutic outcomes were evaluated in terms of stent patency, and overall survival. Cumulative stent patency and overall survival rates were calculated by Kaplan–Meier survival analysis. Both clinical and treatment factors associated with survival were analyzed.

Results

Technical success was achieved in all patients. The clinical success rate was 94% (32/34) in the seeds group and 92% (23/25) in the control group, no significant difference was found (p =1.000). The median duration of stent patency was significantly longer in the 125I brachytherapy group compared with the control group (289 days vs. 88 days, respectively, p =0.001). The 125I brachytherapy group demonstrated a significantly better median overall survival rate than the control group (221 days vs. 78 days, respectively, p =0.001). In multivariate analysis, stents with 125I brachytherapy (p =0.004) was a significant favorable prognostic factor that affected patient survival. No significant difference was observed between CT-guided 125I seed implantation and 125I seed strand insertion in stent patency (p =0.268), and overall survival (p =0.483).

Conclusion

SEMS combined with 125I brachytherapy is safe and effective for treating MOJ. 125I brachytherapy may help to maintain stent patency and prolong overall survival. There was no significant difference between CT-guided 125I seed implantation with SEMS and 125I seed strand insertion with SEMS in stent patency and overall survival.
A prediction model of nodal metastasis in cN0 oral squamous cell carcinoma using metabolic and pathological variables
Authors: Xu Feng , Peng Liling , Feng Junyi , Zhu Xiaochun , Pan Yifan , Hu Yuhua , Gao Xin , Ma Yubo , He Yue
Published: April 2023

Background

The efficacy of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography(PET/CT) in evaluating the neck status in clinically node-negative (cN0) oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC) patients was still unsatisfying. We tried to develop a prediction model for nodal metastasis in cN0 OSCC patients by using metabolic and pathological variables.

Methods

Consecutive cN0 OSCC patients with preoperative 18F-FDG PET/CT, subsequent surgical resection of primary tumor and neck dissection were included. Ninety-five patients who underwent PET/CT scanning in Shanghai ninth people’s hospital were identified as training cohort, and another 46 patients who imaged in Shanghai Universal Medical Imaging Diagnostic Center were selected as validation cohort. Nodal-status-related variables in the training cohort were selected by multivariable regression after using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO). A nomogram was constructed with significant variables for the risk prediction of nodal metastasis. Finally, nomogram performance was determined by its discrimination, calibration, and clinical usefulness.

Results

Nodal maximum standardized uptake value(nodal SUVmax) and pathological T stage were selected as significant variables. A prediction model incorporating the two variables was used to plot a nomogram. The area under the curve was 0.871(Standard Error [SE], 0.035; 95% Confidence Interval [CI], 0.787–0.931) in the training cohort, and 0.809(SE, 0.069; 95% CI, 0.666–0.910) in the validation cohort, with good calibration demonstrated.

Conclusions

A prediction model incorporates metabolic and pathological variables has good performance for predicting nodal metastasis in cN0 OSCC patients. However, further studies with large populations are needed to verify our findings.
The effector Fg62 contributes to Fusarium graminearum virulence and induces plant cell death
Authors: Wang Shuchen , Yang Sen , Dai Kaixin , Zheng Wenyue , Zhang Xiaoyi , Yang Bo , Ye Wenwu , Zheng Xiaobo , Wang Yuanchao
Published: April 2023

Although the functions of most protein effectors secreted by fungi are not predictable, they are known to modulate host immunity and facilitate infection. Fusarium graminearum is one of the 10 most abundant plant pathogenic fungi worldwide. To date, few effector proteins secreted by F. graminearum have been identified. In this study, we screened a putative effector protein Fg62 from proteins that contain signal peptides and unknown functional domains in F. graminearum secretome. Fg62 expression was highly upregulated during the early stages of F. graminearum infection, and its deletion reduced F. graminearum virulence in wheat and soybean. Transient expression of Fg62 or the recombinant protein led to plant cell death in Nicotiana benthamiana, and the signal peptide of Fg62 was required for cell death activation. Fg62 homologs are distributed in two species of the F. sambucinum species complex, which are also able to induce cell death in N. benthamiana. Fg62 activated plant immunity by increasing the expression of defense-related genes, and the recombinant Fg62 protein induced plant resistance to various pathogens. Overall, our results revealed that the extracellular effector Fg62 contributes to both pathogen virulence and plant immunity induction, providing new avenues for the development of environmentally friendly crop disease control strategies utilizing nonpolluting immune-inducing factors.
A case of surgical pulmonary artery plasty for pulmonary artery stenosis after right single-lung transplantation
Authors: Nagata Hideki , Kanou Takashi , Fukui Eriko , Kimura Toru , Ose Naoko , Funaki Soichiro , Minami Masato , Taira Masaki , Ueno Takayoshi , Miyagawa Shigeru , Shintani Yasushi
Published: April 2023

Background

In lung transplantation, vascular complications are relatively rare. However, severe pulmonary artery stenosis after lung transplantation can cause clinical symptoms and lead to graft dysfunction.

Case presentation

The present patient underwent right lung transplantation for severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. After lung transplantation, pulmonary blood flow scintigraphy showed a decreased blood flow to the transplanted lung, and contrast-enhanced computed tomography showed pulmonary artery anastomotic stenosis. As the initial treatment, balloon dilation of the pulmonary artery was attempted and unsuccessful. Right pulmonary artery plasty was then performed 5 months after lung transplantation. Following the procedure, the pulmonary artery stenosis was released, and the blood flow to the transplanted lung improved.

Conclusion

Surgical treatment should be considered for pulmonary artery stenosis after lung transplantation if minimally invasive intervention is not effective.
Long-Term Safety and Efficacy of Recombinant Human Parathyroid Hormone (1-84) in Adults With Chronic Hypoparathyroidism
Authors: Watts Nelson B , Bilezikian John P , Bone Henry G , Clarke Bart L , Denham Douglas , Levine Michael A , Mannstadt Michael , Peacock Munro , Rothman Jeffrey G , Vokes Tamara J , Warren Mark L , Yin Shaoming , Sherry Nicole , Shoback Dolores M
Published: April 2023

Context

Chronic hypoparathyroidism is conventionally treated with oral calcium and active vitamin D to reach and maintain targeted serum calcium and phosphorus levels, but some patients remain inadequately controlled.

Objective

To assess long-term safety and efficacy of recombinant human parathyroid hormone (1-84) (rhPTH(1-84)) treatment.

Methods

This was an open-label extension study at 12 US centers. Adults (n = 49) with chronic hypoparathyroidism were included. The intervention was rhPTH(1-84) for 6 years. The main outcome measures were safety, biochemical measures, oral supplement doses, bone indices.

Results

Thirty-eight patients (77.6%) completed the study. Throughout 72 months, mean albumin-adjusted serum calcium was within 2.00 to 2.25 mmol/L (8.0-9.0 mg/dL). At baseline, 65% of patients with measurements (n = 24/37) were hypercalciuric; of these, 54% (n = 13/24) were normocalciuric at month 72. Mean serum phosphorus declined from 1.6 ± 0.19 mmol/L at baseline (n = 49) to 1.3 ± 0.20 mmol/L at month 72 (n = 36). Mean estimated glomerular filtration rate was stable. rhPTH(1-84)-related adverse events were reported in 51.0% of patients (n = 25/49); all but 1 event were mild/moderate in severity. Mean oral calcium supplementation reduced by 45% ± 113.6% and calcitriol by 74% ± 39.3%. Bone turnover markers declined by month 32 to a plateau above pretreatment values; only aminoterminal propeptide of type 1 collagen remained outside the reference range. Mean bone mineral density z score fell at one-third radius and was stable at other sites.

Conclusion

6 years of rhPTH(1-84) treatment was associated with sustained improvements in biochemical parameters, a reduction in the percentage of patients with hypercalciuria, stable renal function, and decreased supplement requirements. rhPTH(1-84) was well tolerated; no new safety signals were identified.
TOM-1/tomosyn acts with the UNC-6/netrin receptor UNC-5 to inhibit growth cone protrusion in Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Mahadik Snehal S. , Lundquist Erik A.
Published: April 2023

In the polarity/protrusion model of growth cone repulsion from UNC-6/netrin, UNC-6 first polarizes the growth cone of the VD motor neuron axon via the UNC-5 receptor, and then regulates protrusion asymmetrically across the growth cone based on this polarity. UNC-6 stimulates protrusion dorsally through the UNC-40/DCC receptor, and inhibits protrusion ventrally through UNC-5, resulting in net dorsal growth. Previous studies showed that UNC-5 inhibits growth cone protrusion via the flavin monooxygenases and potential destabilization of F-actin, and via UNC-33/CRMP and restriction of microtubule plus-end entry into the growth cone. We show that UNC-5 inhibits protrusion through a third mechanism involving TOM-1/tomosyn. A short isoform of TOM-1 inhibited protrusion downstream of UNC-5, and a long isoform had a pro-protrusive role. TOM-1/tomosyn inhibits formation of the SNARE complex. We show that UNC-64/syntaxin is required for growth cone protrusion, consistent with a role of TOM-1 in inhibiting vesicle fusion. Our results are consistent with a model whereby UNC-5 utilizes TOM-1 to inhibit vesicle fusion, resulting in inhibited growth cone protrusion, possibly by preventing the growth cone plasma membrane addition required for protrusion.
Calcineurin associates with centrosomes and regulates cilia length maintenance
Authors: Tsekitsidou Eirini , Wong Cassandra J. , Ulengin-Talkish Idil , Barth Angela I. M. , Stearns Tim , Gingras Anne-Claude , Wang Jennifer T. , Cyert Martha S.
Published: April 2023

Calcineurin, or protein phosphatase 2B (PP2B), the Ca2+ and calmodulin-activated phosphatase and target of immunosuppressants, has many substrates and functions that remain uncharacterized. By combining rapid proximity-dependent labeling with cell cycle synchronization, we mapped the spatial distribution of calcineurin in different cell cycle stages. While calcineurin-proximal proteins did not vary significantly between interphase and mitosis, calcineurin consistently associated with multiple centrosomal and/or ciliary proteins. These include POC5, which binds centrins in a Ca2+-dependent manner and is a component of the luminal scaffold that stabilizes centrioles. We show that POC5 contains a calcineurin substrate motif (PxIxIT type) that mediates calcineurin binding in vivo and in vitro. Using indirect immunofluorescence and ultrastructure expansion microscopy, we demonstrate that calcineurin colocalizes with POC5 at the centriole, and further show that calcineurin inhibitors alter POC5 distribution within the centriole lumen. Our discovery that calcineurin directly associates with centriolar proteins highlights a role for Ca2+ and calcineurin signaling at these organelles. Calcineurin inhibition promotes elongation of primary cilia without affecting ciliogenesis. Thus, Ca2+ signaling within cilia includes previously unknown functions for calcineurin in maintenance of cilia length, a process that is frequently disrupted in ciliopathies.
Dysregulation of murine long noncoding single-cell transcriptome in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and liver fibrosis
Authors: Karri Kritika , Waxman David J.
Published: April 2023

LncRNAs comprise a heterogeneous class of RNA-encoding genes typified by low expression, nuclear enrichment, high tissue-specificity, and functional diversity, but the vast majority remain uncharacterized. Here, we assembled the mouse liver noncoding transcriptome from >2000 bulk RNA-seq samples and discovered 48,261 liver-expressed lncRNAs, a majority novel. Using these lncRNAs as a single-cell transcriptomic reference set, we elucidated lncRNA dysregulation in mouse models of high fat diet-induced nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and carbon tetrachloride-induced liver fibrosis. Trajectory inference analysis revealed lncRNA zonation patterns across the liver lobule in each major liver cell population. Perturbations in lncRNA expression and zonation were common in several disease-associated liver cell types, including nonalcoholic steatohepatitis-associated macrophages, a hallmark of fatty liver disease progression, and collagen-producing myofibroblasts, a central feature of liver fibrosis. Single-cell-based gene regulatory network analysis using bigSCale2 linked individual lncRNAs to specific biological pathways, and network-essential regulatory lncRNAs with disease-associated functions were identified by their high network centrality metrics. For a subset of these lncRNAs, promoter sequences of the network-defined lncRNA target genes were significantly enriched for lncRNA triplex formation, providing independent mechanistic support for the lncRNA–target gene linkages predicted by the gene regulatory networks. These findings elucidate liver lncRNA cell-type specificities, spatial zonation patterns, associated regulatory networks, and temporal patterns of dysregulation during hepatic disease progression. A subset of the liver disease-associated regulatory lncRNAs identified have human orthologs and are promising candidates for biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
Eating habits and nutritional status of women with musculo-skeletal diseases
Authors: Motoașcă Irina , Irsay Laszlo , Iliescu Mădălina-Gabriela , Rus Lucia Maria , Borda Ileana –Monica , Ungur Rodica –Ana , Stanciu Liliana- Elena , Popa Florina-Ligia , Stanciu Mihaela , Ciortea Viorela Mihaela
Published: April 2023

Different theories link chronic musculoskeletal pain with lifestyle components, including diet. However, nutritional assesment and optimization is not routinely included into the medical management of patients with muskuloskeletal diseases (MSKD). In this study we aimed to evaluate the diet and nutritional status of a group of women with MSKD and to assess the extent to which they comply with the general recommendations for a healthy diet. The results showed that 97% of the subjects included were overweight or obese, and the compliance to different general nutritional recommandations ranged between 3% to 57%. Furthermore, the quality of life of this patients measured through SF-36 question-naire was severly affected and the reported pain intensity on numeric pain scale had a mean of 8 (±1.3) in our study group. Although there are currently no specific guidelines for the nutrition of patients with chronic pain, an important first step would be to guide these patients towards an increase in diet quality and a healthy lifestyle by adhering to general nutritional recommendations regarding healthy eating.
Multiple Bone Metastatic Invasion with Clinical Implications due to Ductal Mammary Carcinoma – Case report and Short Literature Review
Authors: Calotă Nicoleta Daniela , Oprea Carmen , Iliescu Madalina Gabriela , Ciota Alexandra Ecaterina , Obadă Bogdan , Gidu Diana Victoria , Gheorghe Emma , Oltean Antoanela , Ionescu Elena Valentina
Published: April 2023

Multidisciplinary approach of clinical cases in rehabilitations units can be very complex and divers. Method: We present a case of a woman 30 years old, whose oncological histo-ry begins 9 years ago, when the diagnosis of invasive ductal mammary infiltrating ca-nelular carcinoma grade I was made and treated by tumorectomy (lumpectomy). The pa-tient refused oncological treatment at that time and resorted to alternative medicine dur-ing a period of 7 years: diet without sugar and animal products; regular vitamin B17 treatments; almond kernel cure; high-dose intravenous vitamin C treatment for; intrave-nous ozone therapy; apitherapy with bee venom; oral administration of cannabis oil dur-ing the past four years until now; physical therapy. Results: The evolution is marked by the appearance of multiple bone metastatic lesions. The most worst clinical consequence was a hyperalgesic cervicobrachial neuralgia, due to multiple C6-T3 lytic lesions diag-nosed 2 years ago and C7 compression (close to spinal cord injury), situation which had as medical approach two surgeries interventions, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Con-clusions: The rehabilitation program was adapted to every stage of clinical evolution and was marked by many complications. All the steps were made for functional improvement and for increase the quality of life.
Análisis metacognitivo de un proceso de instrucción sobre comparación y medida de superficies basado en una situación abierta
Authors:   Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia (UESB), Gusmão Tânia Cristina Rocha Silva , Font Moll Vicenç ,   Universidade de Barcelona (UB)
Published: April 2023

Este estudio tiene por objetivo analizar las prácticas que realiza un profesor con sus estudiantes para resolver un problema de medida de superficies en las que intervienen aspectos de carácter metacognitivo. Se diseñó una propuesta didáctica, basada en una metodología de enseñanza por diagnóstico, en la que el profesor propone una tarea para hacer aflorar diferentes significados personales acerca de las magnitudes longitud y superficie, utilizando el tangram de Fletcher. La instrucción fue llevada a cabo en una clase de 26 estudiantes de 14 años que cursaban 2º año de la Educación Secundaria Obligatoria en España. Para el análisis se tomaron, como referente teórico, constructos de metacognición y del Enfoque Ontosemiótico. Entre las conclusiones está que cognición y metacognición pueden ser mejoradas con una instrucción bien planeada y responsablemente ejecutada.
Ridesharing and Digital Resilience for Urban Anomalies: Evidence from the New York City Taxi Market
Authors: Zhang Yingjie , Li Beibei , Qian Sean
Published: April 2023

This article investigates how and why the traditional on-demand service (i.e., taxies) and ridesharing platforms (e.g., Uber) perform in contexts of urban uncertainty. We consider different types of unexpected urban anomalies and collect large-scale trip data on taxi and ridesharing services. Empirically, we employ a difference-in-differences econometric model to compare the platform-level performances (measured by the number of fulfilled trips) of a traditional taxi system and a ridesharing platform after urban anomaly shocks. We observe that the ridesharing platform significantly outperforms the traditional taxi platform in coping with the uncertainties brought about by unexpected anomalies. We conclude, conservatively, that the technological effect and technology-enabled supply elasticity, are the main factors determining the differences between the platforms during an urban anomaly. This work offers important insights into the design of platform strategies, especially for stimulation of the labor supply and incentivization of the adoption and use of technology in urban transportation systems in response to anomalous urban upheavals.
Fair Value Accounting, Illiquid Assets, and Financial Stability
Authors: Mahieux Lucas
Published: April 2023

In this paper, I analyze the joint design of capital requirements and fair value reporting rules for financial institutions with illiquid assets. I specifically examine how prudential regulation aimed at solving agency problems affects financial institutions’ incentives to use Level 2 versus Level 3 fair value reporting, as well as financial stability. Crucially, Level 3 reporting allows financial institutions to use their private information, whereas Level 2 fair values are only measured with public information. Interestingly, my analysis shows regulators may leave to financial institutions the discretion to report illiquid assets at Level 2 or Level 3. Financial institutions then report at Level 3 only if they have good private information about the assets’ quality. Moreover, prudential rules that only rely on Level 2 fair values may be efficient at solving agency problems within financial institutions but may also decrease financial stability. By contrast, prudential rules that leave to financial institutions the discretion to report illiquid assets at Level 2 or Level 3 while relaxing capital requirements may increase financial stability.

This paper was accepted by Suraj Srinivasan, accounting.

Funding: This work was supported by the H2020 European Research Council [Grant 669217].

Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.4692 .
OFICINAS DE ARTE COMO ESPAÇOS DE APRENDIZAGEM: O QUE ISTO SIGNIFICA?
Authors: Sancovschi Beatriz , Rocha Jerusa Machado
Published: April 2023

Entre os anos de 2014 e 2019  realizamos oficinas de práticas artísticas com alunos do ensino fundamental numa escola para deficientes visuais no Rio de Janeiro. De saída, afirmamos ser esse um espaço de aprendizagem, o que se confirmou através do acompanhamento dos efeitos das oficinas que apareciam nas salas de aula, assim como na vida. O objetivo deste texto é discutir teoricamente o que se passava nas oficinas, tendo em vista a questão da aprendizagem. Seguiremos as pistas de G.Deleuze, V.Kastrup e S.Gallo para (com eles) avançar. Em comum, defendem uma aprendizagem não representacional. Aprender não se restringe à passagem do não saber ao saber, mas envolve antes a sensibilidade, condição para a transformação de si e do mundo. Assim, o problema passa a ser como tornar-se sensível? Avançaremos produzindo uma interlocução com a abordagem enativa da cognição e com uma releitura do conceito de Zona de Desenvolvimento Proximal de maneira a propor uma Zona de Sensibilidade.
GAMIFICAÇÃO COMO INSTRUMENTO PEDAGÓGICO NO ENSINO E NA APRENDIZAGEM DE MATEMÁTICA
Authors: Jacques Ediane De Fátima , Lopes Luis Fernando , Da Silva Tania Clemente
Published: April 2023

Este estudo de caráter bibliográfico, apresentado na forma de relato de experiência, aborda o uso de gamificação e jogos como instrumento pedagógico para colaborar no ensino de Matemática nos anos finais do Ensino Fundamental. O objetivo foi analisar a utilização de tecnologias, sobretudo digitais, como recurso pedagógico, tendo em vista colaborar com o desenvolvimento do raciocínio dos estudantes, contribuindo para construção do conhecimento de forma criativa. Para tanto, as atividades foram elaboradas nos sites Wordwall e Kahoot para turmas dos anos finais do Ensino Fundamental. Entende-se que essas atividades poderão ser utilizadas de forma disciplinar, interdisciplinar e transdisciplinar, bem como serem realizadas de forma individual ou em grupo, com autonomia, protagonismo, envolvimento, criatividade e planejamento. Os resultados indicam que as atividades com gamificação e jogos, quando criteriosamente planejadas, favorecem o estreitamento do mundo real com o mundo virtual e podem ser uma ferramenta alternativa no processo de desenvolvimento do aluno para colaborar com o professor no ensino de Matemática como estratégia pedagógica.
A DIFÍCIL ARTE DE SER PROFESSOR INDÍGENA: O ENSINO DE MATEMÁTICA NOS ANOS INICIAIS DO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL
Authors: Nery Cristiane Do Socorro dos Santos , Mendes Iran Abreu
Published: April 2023

A arte indígena, em suas diferentes formas de representação, tais como: pintura, música, dança e artesanato, expressa processos socioculturais de produção, refinamento e atualização do conhecimento que é passado de geração a geração. Esses processos envolvem um modo de comunicar, ensinar e aprender que é próprio das sociedades indígenas. Ser professor indígena na contemporaneidade requer mobilizar os saberes da tradição e os saberes escolares, tendo em vista o desenvolvimento de currículos e metodologias em consonância com a realidade da comunidade. É com esse princípio que se inicia a discussão neste artigo, cujo objetivo foi identificar os desafios e avanços no ensino de matemática a partir do currículo e dos relatos etnográficos de professores indígenas das séries iniciais do ensino fundamental. Discorre-se sobre as dificuldades no ensino de matemática nas escolas indígenas do Amapá, a partir de um estudo documental e de entrevistas semiestruturadas com professores indígenas. No referencial teórico, entra em cena os conceitos de saberes da tradição e currículo. Os resultados revelaram que o ensino de matemática na educação escolar indígena é um desafio a ser enfrentado pelos professores indígenas, a comunidade, as lideranças e os professores (não-indígenas) militantes, tendo em vista a efetivação de um currículo escolar que dialogue com os saberes da tradição. Por fim, indica-se a importância da realização de novos estudos que discutam sobre o currículo, as metodologias de ensino e o diálogo com os saberes da tradição em contexto indígena.
Branquitude e formação de professores de história nas diretrizes curriculares nacionais
Authors: Soares Marques Tiago , Cezar de Campos Deivison Moacir
Published: April 2023

O presente artigo busca analisar como a branquitude se inscreve nas Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais para a formação de professores, pensando em particular na formação de professores de História. É evidenciado o processo histórico deste campo e como o mesmo esteve pautado em uma concepção eurocêntrica do currículo. Ao mesmo tempo, na contemporaneidade se perpetua, apesar de alguns avanços, a ideia de uma história euroreferenciada. Nesse sentido, a partir de uma análise cultural, as DCN`s para a formação de professores são analisadas, dentro de seus respectivos contextos, entendendo suas particularidades - por exemplo, a atenção dada à temática étnico-racial - e similaridades - o modo como perpassa nos documentos a noção multiculturalista de diversidade, que contempla diferentes grupos raciais, mas não questiona as estruturas sociais. Conclui-se que as atuais diretrizes não contribuem para a problematização da branquitude enquanto estrutura de poder e da História enquanto instrumento desse poder, sendo necessário maior aprofundamento e articulação com a educação das relações étnico-raciais para uma efetiva mudança da realidade social.
Desentendimento na política curricular: um problema de sentido
Authors: Scofano Ricardo , Ranniery Thiago
Published: April 2023

Escrevemos este artigo perseguidos pela seguinte provocação: “a política supõe mais do que as palavras que a definem”. Em decorrência de um projeto de pesquisa interinstitucional, escutamos esta fala quando acompanhávamos uma roda de conversa para a produção de uma política curricular de uma rede pública municipal de educação. Levando a sério a fala de professores e professoras com quem tivemos contato, pretendemos reimaginar a política curricular em seu quadrante notoriamente afetivo e sensível, entendendo-a como uma coreografia de afecções e expressões entre corpos de diferentes naturezas. A nosso ver – ao cartografarmos um processo de reformulação curricular –, a experiência política é instaurada e pode ser pensada através de uma relação dissensual e imanente aos atos de ver, fazer e falar, tal como elabora Jacques Rancière em diversos escritos. Dito de outro modo, nosso argumento expõe como, por não concordamos e não termos consenso em relação àquilo que o currículo é (o que acontece na escola, um documento oficial, uma prática de significação, a própria vida: as definições não são totalizáveis), a política de currículo se manifesta enquanto um espaço-tempo de convergência e derrame da diferença. Neste percurso, ergue-se um problema de sentido na política, isto é, de como as palavras e as coisas se (des)articulam e em suas respectivas irredutibilidades; movimento que produz distintos regimes de sensorialidade em comunidades políticas no seio da experiência curricular.
Política curricular do novo ensino médio: tecnologias da governamentalidade neoliberal
Authors: Dourado Glhebia Gonçalves De Oliveira , Sales Shirlei Rezende
Published: April 2023

Este artigo tematiza como as tecnologias da governamentalidade neoliberal se movimentam em função do controle das práticas docentes. Argumenta-se que as políticas educacionais funcionam como mecanismos dessa governamentalidade e que esses mecanismos produzem aceitabilidade entre os indivíduos quando algumas táticas são acionadas. Esse argumento se desdobra no entendimento de que o funcionamento desses mecanismos está atrelado ao campo jurídico de modo que se elabora todo um conjunto alinhado de normativas, oficializando o discurso neoliberal no campo da educação. A política focalizada no currículo nacional (BNCC) se desdobra no campo de outras políticas educacionais, tais como a da gestão e do financiamento da educação, da formação docente, da aquisição e distribuição de livros e materiais didáticos e da avaliação do sistema educacional. Argumentamos que o foco no currículo tem por objetivo conduzir a conduta docente. Partimos da análise de documentos que regulamentam a reforma do Ensino Médio imposta pela Lei 13.415/2017. A leitura e análise dos documentos seguiu a linha de pensamento do filósofo Michel Foucault, especificamente, no entendimento que este faz das noções de discurso, relação de saber/poder, governo e governamentalidade.Palavras-chave: governamentalidade; neoliberalismo; currículo; docência; novo ensino médio.
Dança/ Educação nas infâncias: marcas na constituição docente
Authors: Duarte Silvia Sell Duarte , Da Silva Andresa Gonçalves , Rausch Rita Buzzi
Published: April 2023

O artigo apresenta questões referentes a uma investigação realizada em um núcleo de pesquisa em arte na educação, vinculado a uma universidade comunitária. O objetivo é compreender como as experiências com a dança/educação nas infâncias, estão imbricadas na constituição docente. As ações escolares, por vezes, não dão o devido valor à dança, que geralmente é tratada apenas como meio de competição e entretenimento. A pesquisa tem abordagem narrativa, considerando a bibliografia, as memórias e a experiência. Os resultados indicaram que ao relacionar memórias de infâncias aos aspectos conceituais e metodológicos, reitera-se a ideia de que a dança, tanto na educação formal como nos espaços não formais, são movimentos de pensares e sentires, integrando processos de cognição, crítica e sensibilidades.
O estado do conhecimento como fonte para pesquisa em história da educação sobre a história do IFMT, Brasil (1909-2008)
Authors: Figueiredo Tulio Marcel Rufino de Vasconcelos , Ferreira Nilce
Published: April 2023

Este artigo investiga o estado do conhecimento em teses e dissertações como um dos caminhos para a pesquisa em História da Educação, em específico, sobre a história do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de Mato Grosso (IFMT), situado na Região Centro-Oeste do Brasil. Foram selecionadas produções acadêmicas discentes dos programas nacionais de pós-graduação stricto sensu, expressa em teses de doutorado e dissertações de mestrado, que percorreram a história do IFMT entre os anos de 1909 e 2008. Ao constituir-se parte de uma pesquisa de doutoramento em andamento, o objetivo foi mapear e analisar pesquisas acadêmicas relacionadas ao tema em estudo, recortes temáticos-históricos e abordagens metodológicas empregadas nas pesquisas.
Quem nos olha pelos espelhos? A educação das relações étnico-raciais e o regime de visualidades
Authors: Pereira José Valter , Macambira Leidiane Dos Santos Aguiar , Aguiar Ana Luísa Dos Santos
Published: April 2023

Como nós negros e negras temos sido representados historicamente nas mídias, nos livros didáticos, nas propagandas e em outras narrativas que sustentam o racismo? Seriam tais representações os espelhos com os quais temos aprendido a ver o mundo e a nós mesmos? Estas e outras questões nos impulsionam a problematizar como os chamados regimes de visualidades presentes em nossa sociedade influem na educação do preconceito. Este texto, portanto, nasce na encruzilhada em que três pesquisas se encontram para refletir sobre o racismo, os projetos de embranquecimento e as consequentes dificuldades de pessoas negras identificarem-se como negras. Neste sentido, trabalhamos com autoras e autores como Gonzalo Curto, Stuart Hall para entendermos os conceitos de regime de visualidades e representação do povo negro. Buscamos também, a partir de leituras de Carlos Skliar e Grada Kilomba, compreender melhor como se dá a invenção do Outro, os diferentes que deverão ser excluídos. Bem como as produções de Patrícia Collins a fim de nos ajudar com seu conceito de imagens de controle para a manutenção da matriz de dominação. Com estes autores e autoras, dentre outros, articulamos narrativas fílmicas, dispositivos e recursos orais e imagéticos a fim de refletir sobre as imagens que permeiam o imaginário social e que atuam na produção, manutenção e atualização do racismo em nossa sociedade.
A mixed-methods survey of perinatal mental health for Sri Lankan women in the UK
Authors: Liyanage Rashmi Danwaththa , Bray Lucy , Briscoe Lesley
Published: April 2023

Background/Aims

The prevalence of perinatal mental health issues is significantly higher among South Asian women in the UK. However, little attention has been given to examine the views and opinions of sub-groups of South Asians in the UK. Although the prevalence of perinatal mental health issues is much higher in Sri Lanka, so far, no studies have focused on Sri Lankan women in the UK. This study's aim was to examine the views and opinions of Sri Lankan women living in the UK about perinatal mental health.

Methods

A convergent mixed-method online survey was administered in English and Sinhalese. A total of 34 Sri Lankan women living in the UK, from their baby's conception to 24 months postpartum, were recruited. Qualitative responses were interpreted using thematic analysis, supported by quantitative data.

Results

The participants reported that they maintained good perinatal mental health with the support of their partner and family. Midwives were most involved in inquiring about and providing information on perinatal mental health. Social stigma was a dominant barrier to accessing support.

Conclusions

Midwives need to ensure that perinatal mental health is discussed sensitively with Sri Lankan women. Future quantitative research needs to examine if existing tools are culturally sensitive and qualitative research should include women's partners and families to explore how best to care for this population.
Public health prevention in maternity programme: supporting the local system
Authors: Scott Becca , Gardiner David
Published: April 2023

Too many children in the North East and North Cumbria Integrated Care System do not have the best start in life, and maternity care offers an early opportunity to initiate positive change. In 2018, a new model of regional public health leadership was developed to complement the developing local maternity system with a focus on prevention and reducing health inequalities. With the support of local maternity system partners, the programme set out to improve the quality of preventative intervention available to women and their families in the perinatal period. The programme focused on tobacco, alcohol, breastfeeding, reproductive health, perinatal mental health, healthy weight, immunisations and making every contact count. Through audit and co-production of regional pathways, it increased awareness, enabled greater consistency of service provision and supported quality improvement. As part of a large, evolving health and care system, the programme worked through significant challenges, such as complex leadership and governance models, prioritisation and ensuring that resources supported practice development across all local maternity services in the North East and North Cumbria Integrated Care System. Greater progress was made in areas such as reducing maternal smoking and increasing rates of breastfeeding, reflecting the critical role of local leadership. There is clear evidence of the programme's value to the local system. Ongoing evaluation and work to embed a sustainable model of delivery remain important.
Senior cats: nutritional adaptations and practical feeding considerations
Authors: Moorhouse Erica
Published: April 2023

This article outlines the nutritional goals and adaptations required by cats more than 7 years of age, including nutrient modulation. The article discusses nursing interventions to help ensure optimal dietary intake and methods to help educate pet owners on nutrition for their senior cats, including practical tips on respecting feeding behaviours for cats in this life stage. It is vital to assess each cat as an individual, applying the most suitable nutritional adaptations, whether it be for a healthy senior cat, or one for whom a clinical diet may be more appropriate.
Canine and feline hypertension
Authors: Pace Charlotte
Published: April 2023

Systemic hypertension is a common finding in small animal practice. It has been classified into three groups: situational (or white-coat hypertension), primary or idiopathic, or secondary to another disease process. Secondary hypertension is the most common form, and chronic kidney disease the disease most reported to be associated with it. It is diagnosed using reliable and repeatable blood pressure measurements, and by excluding other causes. Treatment will vary depending on the underlying cause. Recent guidelines have suggested measuring blood pressure in dogs and cats at a senior life stage and performing a fundic examination in all animals with blood pressure more than 160 mmHg. Client education and regular screening are ways that veterinary nurses can help identify blood pressure changes and assess efficacy of antihypertensive medication.
Preoperative Measurement of Screw Nail Length to Make a Template For Surgery to Decrease Radiation Exposure and Surgical Time
Authors: Chhawra Sanjay , Jain Raman , Singh Gaganpreet , Kumar Amrit , Diresala Ravi
Published: April 2023

Background: Orthopaedic surgeons always stress the need for a proper implant patient match in trauma surgery. The implant incongruity causes discomfort inaccurate load sharing aseptic loosening. The present study was undertaken to get an interpretation of implant size as a template preoperatively to be used to prevent radiation during surgery decrease surgical complications by decreasing surgical time and get abundance availability of implant stock. Materials and Methods: Qualitative data collection These data were collected from operated cases last 2 years of trauma cases Results: The coin technique, preoperatively nail measurement, and the average length of the implant was collected to get an interpretation of implant size as template preoperatively to be used in trauma fixation abetted to decrease surgical time and radiation exposure. Conclusions: Pre-operative measurement making template of intramedullary devices extramedullary devices by coin technique, preoperatively nail measurement and using mean data of operated cases reduces surgical time helped in reducing surgical complication and radiation exposure. Keywords: Template, Radiation exposure, Implant measurement
Effects of lactic acid bacteria on phytate and the ensiling properties of Sorghum bicolor L. Moench
Authors: Alban Mugoti , Nation Chikumba , Anderson Munengwa , Lenin Dziwanyika
Published: April 2023

Sorghum bicolor is known for its multiple uses and is grown for human grain and livestock feed. The study aimed at assessing the effects of incorporating Lactic Acid bacteria (LAB) on the ensiling properties of sorghum bicolor and an antinutritional factor (ANF) called phytate. Dry matter, pH, ash, crude protein, crude fiber, carbohydrates, and phytate were measured as indices of the grain ferment value from January to August. A feed nutrient quality evaluation was conducted with 3 treatments and having 4 replications. The test was conducted using a completely random design. Laboratory analysis of the variables was done on day 6 of the experiment. Results showed that treating sorghum with LAB significantly (P0.05) affected the nitrogen-free extracts, pH, and phytate but did not however affect the dry matter, crude fiber, crude protein, and ash content (P0.05). There was a significant (p0.05) decrease in phytate and nitrogen-free extracts for the LAB-treated sorghum as compared to non-LAB-treated sorghum. Ash content was significantly lower (p0.05) in LAB-treated sorghum and interestingly higher in non-LAB-treated sorghum. The study showed that treating sorghum with LAB significantly reduces phytate levels in feed and has little effect on the nutrient status of the feed.Keywords: Sorghum, Proximate, Phytate, LAB-treated
Phase shift optimization of III/V-on-bulk-Si DFB LD for single-mode stability
Authors: Shin Dongjae , Cha Jungho , Shin Yongwhack , Shin Changgyun , Byun Hyunil , Lee Changbum , Kim Woosung , Ha Kyoungho
Published: April 2023

A III/V-on-Bulk-Si DFB laser with a long phase shift section optimized for single-mode stability is presented. The optimized phase shift allows stable single-mode operations up to 20 times a threshold current. This mode stability is achieved by a gain difference between fundamental and higher modes maximized by sub-wavelength-scale tuning of the phase shift section. In SMSR-based yield analyses, the long-phase-shifted DFB laser showed superior performance compared to the conventional λ/4-phase-shifted ones.
Interactions of Airy beams in nonlinear media with fourth-order diffraction
Authors: Zhao Wenwen , Ge Lijuan , Shen Ming
Published: April 2023

We investigate to the best of our knowledge the first time the interactions of in-phase and out-of-phase Airy beams in Kerr, saturable and nonlocal nonlinear media with fourth-order diffraction using split-step Fourier transform method. Directly numerical simulations show that normal and anomalous fourth-order diffractions have profound effects on the interactions of the Airy beams in Kerr and saturable nonlinear media. We demonstrate the dynamics of the interactions in detail. In nonlocal media with fourth-order diffraction, nonlocality induces a long-range attractive force between Airy beams, leading to the formation of stable bound states of both in-phase and out-of-phase breathing Airy soliton pairs which are always repulsive in local media. Our results have potential applications in all-optical devices for communication and optical interconnects, etc.