bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Đánh giá kiến thức, thực hành của người bệnh tăng huyết áp tại Viện Tim mạch, Bệnh viện Bạch Mai Tháng 01 - 08 năm 2022
Authors: Lương Mạnh Tường , Nguyễn Thị Tâm , Lương Thị Thanh Huyền
Published: July 2023

Mục tiêu: *Mô tả kiến thức và thực hành phòng chống biến chứng do tăng huyết áp của người bệnh tại Viện tim mạch Bệnh viện Bạch Mai.

*Xác định một số yếu tố liên quan đến kiến thức và thực hành phòng biến chứng do tăng huyết áp của người bệnh tại Viện Tim mạch - Bệnh viện Bạch Mai.

Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu của chúng tôi tiến hành trên người bệnh THA từ 18 tuổi trở lên đang điều trị nội trú tại Viện tim mạch, Bệnh viện Bạch mai

Phương pháp chọn mẫu: Người bệnh được chọn theo phương pháp chọn mẫu thuận tiện, liên tục. Người bệnh THA đến tái khám 1 tháng/ lần theo lịch hẹn, chúng tôi sẽ phỏng vấn các người bệnh khi họ tái khám và mỗi người bệnh được phỏng vấn một lần duy nhất dến khi đủ cỡ mẫu thì dừng lại.

Kết Luận: NB đo HA hàng ngày đạt 36,1%;Chỉ đo HA khi đi khám là 68,3%; NB tái khám hàng tháng đạt 51% và chỉ khám khi mệt là 14%; Phòng biến chứng THA bằng dùng thuốc đạt 27,3%, thay đổi lối sống đạt 2,5% và kết hợp cà 2 đạt 70,2%; Phòng cơn THA kịch phát chỉ đạt được từ 41,1 đên 64,3%. Thực hành chung đạt phòng biến chứng THA có là 55,5%; Không đạt là 44,5%.
COGNITIVE INVESTIGATION OF THE INTEGRATED MENTAL BASIS OF CREATIVE WRITING
Authors:   Saratov State University,  Chernyshevsky, The Russian Federation, Maslova Zhanna , Minakhin Denis ,   Saratov State University,  Chernyshevsky, The Russian Federation
Published: July 2023

In the article it is suggested the cognitive theory of the poetic picture of the world as a methodological frame for further investigation of the poetic text. The main idea of the paper is that poetry as an art is based on the whole system of special conceptual structures which are the part of the conceptual picture of the world and these conceptual structures get representation in the language of the poetic text. The cognitive theory of the poetic picture of the world includes: defining the main cognitive function of the poetic picture of the world; defining the kind of knowledge, which is conceptualized through this function; structuring the field of this knowledge, highlighting its main structural elements which are under the process of conceptualization; defining the specific categories and categorical levels of the poetic picture of the world. Structural organization of the poetic picture of the world is the key point in the paper. It is stated that poetry as a kind of human cognitive activity reflects the experience of interaction between the human being and the world (“I”-system, “World”-system). the poetic picture of the world as a mental construct fixes standards, expectations and stereotypes about what events and situations may be the subject of poetry and what language form they should be represented in.
Experimentul Ariadna. Rolul inteligenței artificiale în științele educației
Authors: Istrate Olimpius , Velea Simona
Published: July 2023

Rolul IA în modelarea și remodelarea conținutului științific este notabil în mai multe domenii științifice. Ariadna (Artificial intelligence advancement to nurture social science areas) este un studiu longitudinal inițiat în 2022 cu scopul de a estima valoarea adăugată a inteligenței artificiale în domeniul științelor sociale; o anumită parte a științelor educației a fost aleasă, pentru a beneficia de cantitatea mare de conținut-sursă nou și disponibil gratuit: pedagogia digitală, restrânsă și mai mult la o serie de 27 de teme teoretice și practice. Experimentul Ariadna încearcă să scoată în evidență contribuția inteligenței artificiale (IA) la dezvoltarea științelor sociale. (1) O aplicație de IA pentru chat a fost folosită pentru o conversație ghidată, cu scopul de a estima capacitatea IA de a produce conținut științific inovator. (2) Un număr de 27 de texte pe teme din științele educației au fost generate, în decembrie 2022, folosind cele mai avansate instrumente de IA disponibile gratuit. Aceleași solicitări vor fi folosite și în 2023 pentru a genera din nou conținutul. O comparație a rezultatelor va fi făcută în următoarele faze ale experimentului Ariadna. (3) Unele dintre articolele generate au fost comparate cu texte științifice elaborate de cercetători, pe aceeași temă, în aceeași perioadă.
Rolul jocurilor video în predarea literaturii (Eseu)
Authors: Cismaru-Croce Giulia-Miruna
Published: July 2023

Într-o eră a digitalizării continue, profesorii apelează la noua tehnologie pentru a se adapta universului studenților lor, pentru a rămâne relevanți în această continuă schimbare a intereselor. Elevii sunt motivați de elementele culturii populare, fiind expuși constant unui mediu bogat în informații și tipare textuale. Și totuși, care este legătura dintre literatură și jocuri video? În primul rând, există o asemenea legătură? Elevii au nevoie de îndrumare în ceea ce privește dezvoltarea abilităților literare de analiză și comunicare, precum și a gândirii literare. Orele dedicate integrării jocurilor video în mediul literar corespund pasiunilor elevilor, punând în lumină un interes major al acestora, reprezentat de divertismentul în mediu virtual. Până în acest moment, competențele de lectură și abilitățile literare erau aplicate cărților, dar aceleași abilități pot fi aplicate mai multor medii în care povestirea joacă rolul principal, precum benzile desenate, filmele și jocurile video. Jocurile video au evoluat de la un simplu mijloc de divertisment la un instrument de învățare de o calitate profundă. Adesea, elevii consideră că sunt o parte mai semnificativă a unei povești în cadrul unui joc video decât în mediul creat de cărți. Nevoia profesorilor de a examina jocurile video ca literatură pornește de la lipsa de interes pentru lectură a elevilor din clasele actuale care au crescut petrecând mai mult timp jucând jocuri video decât citind cărți. Însă cum putem folosi jocurile video pentru a preda literatura și pentru a dezvolta competențele de analiză ale elevilor noștri?
Pedagogia digitală: Definiție și arie conceptuală
Authors: Istrate Olimpius
Published: July 2023

Există o pedagogie digitală, ca domeniu distinct, diferit de pedagogia generală și de oricare altă pedagogie? Dacă da, care sunt finalitățile, obiectul de studiu, metodele specifice și principiile pedagogiei digitale? Ce este pedagogia digitală și cum se articulează cu științele educației? Acestea sunt întrebările etapei de debut a unei arii emergente în cadrul științelor educației, în care practica ne provoacă, ne determină, ne impulsionează la lărgirea corpului existent de cunoștințe și metode pedagogice. Articolul contribuie la contextualizarea ansamblului de informații, experiențe și cunoștințe științifice, condiții, relații, semnificații care orbitează în jurul sintagmei „pedagogie digitală”. Termenul în sine este utilizat de peste 10 ani – primele articole dedicate fiind din 2011, cu elemente de proto-pedagogie digitală în 2004: Latham, apud Fyfe – însumând însă o serie de concepte și practici mult mai vechi, câteodată într-o manieră nouă.
How to cite ChatGPT and AI products
Authors: Istrate Olimpius
Published: July 2023

In the context of increasing access to tools that use artificial intelligence, the outcome of debates about intellectual property is important because it allows us to set the limits in which we can appropriate or refer to a product we have created with the help of AI applications, constructed as original or derivative work, using in its turn, indiscriminately, a large amount of original works protected by copyright law as a source of inspiration. At this time, texts, images or sounds generated at your request by an artificial intelligence tool cannot be attributed to it. Content generated with artificial intelligence applications does not carry intellectual property restrictions – it can be used freely, for any legal means, including commercial use. The partial or exclusive contribution or intervention of artificial intelligence in the development of a text, image or any other product cannot be detected with certainty. To acknowledge the AI contribution, it is recommended to add a note in a visible place. Artificial intelligence is not ”concerned” about truth or originality, it is concerned with constructing a plausible product, generating the most likely sequel for each sequence of text, image or sound, using as a benchmark a database of similar digital products. Therefore, the result must be checked carefully. In this article: How do we access AI tools? Under what conditions do works made with the contribution of AI benefit from copyright protection? Does content generated with artificial intelligence applications have intellectual property restrictions? How to cite ChatGPT? How to cite Bing Chat? How to reference images generated with AI programs? Can content generated by AI applications be detected?
Perception of the (post-)socialist mass housing in Kyiv by the student youth
Authors: Gnatiuk Oleksiy , Kononenko Olena , Slavnova Halyna
Published: July 2023

This paper describes and analyses the imageability and the perceptual portraits of the (post-)socialist largescale housing estates in Kyiv in the eyes of young people (university students). The research is based on the analysis of Lynch-type mental maps focusing on urban vernacular districts among the other their principal elements. The results show that mass housing areas still constitute an important part of the city’s image. However, apparently similar neighbourhoods differ significantly in terms of their imageability and likeability depending on their location in the city and the trajectory of the post-socialist development. Consequently, individual approaches to positive image change based on the complex evaluation of development factors are needed to response the challenges faced by the different types of the (post-)socialist mass housing.
Kompetencje pracowników polskiego sektora finansowego – identyfikacje, ewolucja, znaczenie i przyszłe potrzeby
Authors:   Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny w Krakowie, Laskowicz Magdalena
Published: July 2023

Purpose: The purpose of this article is to present the identification and analysis of the competencies of people employed in enterprises in the financial sector in Poland. Design/methodology/approach: The methodology used in the presented paper is based on empirical research supported by literature studies. In this approach, a reactive research technique based on a questionnaire was applied to gather opinions in terms of the importance and structure of competencies. Findings: The conducted study shows that soft skills are assessed as useful in everyday work in financial departments in Poland; however, the respondents assessed soft skills as less important in relation to hard skills. Research limitations/implications: The research was conducted among a small group of specialists who declared their professional activity in two Polish voivodeships (Lesser Poland and Masovian). It is worth indicating that the importance of the type of competency may vary depending on the analyzed sector – in this research only the financial sector was surveyed. The research results presented in the article may be an indication for further in-depth research on a larger scale. Originality/value: A major benefit of the conducted research is the developed hierarchy list of top competencies for the financial sector in Poland. Additionally, the conducted research reveals a new research perspective targeted to the competencies of the future in the analyzed financial sector in Poland.
Utilization of Gum Arabic as a Gelatine Substitute in Halal Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) Pastille
Authors:   Faculty of Fisheries and Food Science, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Mengabang Telipot, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia, Mohd Zin, Z.  , Zainol, M.K.  ,   Faculty of Fisheries and Food Science, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Mengabang Telipot, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia, Wan Abd Halim, W.Z.A.  ,   Faculty of Fisheries and Food Science, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Mengabang Telipot, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
Published: July 2023

Gelatine is widely used in pharmaceutical and food ingredient that is crucial in most Halal research. Non-halal gelatine accounts for 90% of the world's supply, which is typically taken from animals (bovine and porcine). The expanding and profitable halal, kosher and vegetarian markets (including Hindu) represent a substantial interest in gelatine substitution. Gelatine (G), a versatile hydrocolloid, is a significant ingredient in the confectionary industry due to its gel formation, high water-binding capacity, thickening, colloidal function, and adhesion/cohesion. Gum arabic (GA), a key hydrocolloid used in pastille manufacture, works as a stabilizer and fat emulsifier. The main objective of this study was to ascertain the effect of gum arabic and gelatine substitution on the physicochemical properties, antioxidant activity and sensory acceptability of halal watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) pastille. pH analysis, total soluble solid (TSS), texture profile analysis (TPA), colour, water activity (aw), melting point, calorie content, antioxidant activity by 2,2- diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), mineral content, proximate composition as well as sensory acceptability test were conducted on five different samples {A (0%GA:16%G); B (4%GA:12%G); C (8%GA:8%G); D (12%GA:4%G); and E (16%GA:0%G), respectively. The ideal formulation in terms of physicochemical qualities, antioxidant activity, and sensory acceptance was a sample with 12% gum arabic and 4% gelatine. Also, high antioxidant activity (44.72±3.76), low fat content (0.44 ± 0.27%) and calories (3054.23 ± 6.55cal/g) compared to other samples. The crude fibre and carbohydrate, which were (1.14 ± 0.08%) and (70.68%) were an advantage of this sample as both nutrients are essential in food due to their role to absorb water, assist in intestinal transit and provide roughage for the bowel. The sensory test that the 12% gum arabic and 4% of gelatine sample was most accepted compared to other samples. Gum arabic is a halal substance that can be recommended to produce gelatine alternatives in the pharmaceutical and food industries.
Halal Legislation Enforcement of Food Premises in Malaysia
Authors:   Islamic Business School, Universiti Utara Malaysia 06010 Sintok, Kedah, Malaysia, Nor Aina Mardhiah Nazim  , Syarifah Md Yusof  ,   Islamic Business School, Universiti Utara Malaysia 06010 Sintok, Kedah, Malaysia
Published: July 2023

Halal Certification provides an opportunity for food premise operators to prove that the food provided complies with the laws set in Malaysia. Although there are laws and regulations related to halal implementation, the misuse of halal logos such as halal logos forgery, misuse of Islamic images, and using expired certificates still arises within the industry. This study's goal is to shed light on Malaysia's legal guidelines for halal food premises and halal enforcement. This study applies a qualitative approach while the data is collected through content analysis. The content analysis has been carried out involving a few provisions of law and official documents related to halal enforcement of food premises. Those documents are the Malaysian Halal Certification Procedure Manual 2020, Trade Descriptions Act 2011, Food Act 1983, and Local Government Act 1976. The finding of this study shows that Halal enforcement in Malaysia is based on multiple provisions, regulation, and act as there is no halal-specific act governing halal certification matters. This has led to ineffective enforcement as JAKIM and JAIN have limited power to perform halal enforcement, especially towards the misused of the halal logo, deceiving or misleading Muslim consumers with Quranic verses and halal self-claim. As a result, halal issues have not been properly handled and solved. To have a deeper understanding of halal enforcement, it is advised that the future study examine other relevant aspects of Malaysian law and regulation governing halal topics. Additionally, the researcher may investigate the operators of food premises’ knowledge of halal enforcement, including their knowledge of raw materials, and their understanding of the penalties for breaking the law.
Factors That Drive Consumers to Purchase Halal Goods Online
Authors:   Academy of Contemporary Islamic Studies, Universiti Teknologi MARA 40450 Shah Alam Selangor, Malaysia, Amal Hayati Ishak  , Nur Aliah Mohamad Azman  ,   Academy of Contemporary Islamic Studies, Universiti Teknologi MARA 40450 Shah Alam Selangor, Malaysia, Siti Khadijah Ab Manan  ,   Academy of Contemporary Islamic Studies, Universiti Teknologi MARA 40450 Shah Alam Selangor, Malaysia
Published: July 2023

Online purchase is easy and intriguing but often criticized for the risks of misleading attributes from the advertised products, ambiguous ingredients, unclear of halal status, overrated quality, overpricing issues, scams, delayed delivery and other related issues. However, with the limited physical activities due to the Movement Control Order (MCO) during the COVID-19 pandemic, online purchase is gaining popularity. Hence, this study investigates the factors influencing the public to purchase online. Underpinned by the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and the marketing mix, four variables are selected for the quantitative survey. The collected data were analyzed using correlation and regression analysis. According to the findings, all variables; convenience, price, trust, and product quality- have a significant relationship with online purchase, with quality being the most influential factor motivating the public to continue purchasing online. The findings indicate that online purchase is captivating and outweighs the probable disappointing risks.
Mapping the Halal, Safety, and Quality Food Industry for Micro and Small Enterprises in Pasuruan Regency
Authors:   Pasuruan Regency Regional Development Planning Agency 67153, East Java, Indonesia, Ekaning Siti Rahayu  , Siti Asmaniyah Mardiyani  ,   Departement of Agrotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture Malang Islamic University, Indonesia
Published: July 2023

Most of the processing industry's business actors in the Pasuruan Regency are micro and small enterprises (MSEs). The COVID-19 pandemic primarily affects MSEs, particularly those without business legalities. Some halal and quality food regulations need to be followed. This study aimed to map the halal, safe, and quality of MSEs in the food industry. Surveys, interviews, and Focus Group Discussions (FGD) were used in this method. According to the findings, food industries increased the added value of local ingredients while also creating jobs in rural areas. Robusta coffee powder products had patents and geographical indications in this regency. Processed fish had halal certificates, becoming local brands. Most of the MSEs' processed foods are halal but not certified. The MSEs' knowledge of halal and qualified materials, including food additives, is minimal. Internal audits by MSEs of halal control points (HCP) and critical control points (CCP) are not conducted periodically. Halal and safety food policies have yet to be applied in many MSEs. Halal certification in MSEs is still less than 5%. Sanitation hygiene and good handling practices (GHP) in several MSEs must be improved. The support from Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI), Nahdlatul Ulama (NU), Muhammadiyah, universities, Halal Product Guarantee Agency (BPJPH), and Local Government has yet to be integrated. Integration and collaboration are expected to improve MSEs' food industry knowledge, skills, attitude, and integrity.
Implementation of Halal Logistics in Halal Pharmaceutical Industry: A Study on Halal Warehouse System in Pharmaniaga Lifescience
Authors:   Akademi Pengajian Islam Kontemporari, Universiti Teknologi MARA 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia, Muhammad Syukri Mohd Ashmir Wong  , Zatul-Illia Hussin  ,   Akademi Pengajian Islam Kontemporari, Universiti Teknologi MARA 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia, Shofiyyah Moidin  ,   Akademi Pengajian Islam Kontemporari, Universiti Teknologi MARA 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
Published: July 2023

The halal industry has become one of the main economic markets for world market growth. The need for halal in many industry segments has sustained the halal ecosystem, including the halal supply chain of products and services. Aside from halal food and beverages, halal pharmaceuticals also have a high demand for halal products and are marketed by Muslims worldwide. With the delicate, unique, and complex characteristics and processes of halal pharmaceuticals, a particular industry must take part in all requirements and measures throughout its supply chain. Thus, this research emphasized the role of halal warehouses as part of the essential logistics facilities for storing halal pharmaceuticals. Many risks will arise regarding the status of halal pharmaceuticals if the products are kept, stored, and handled in a manner underlined by the competent authority. Hence, this research focuses on discovering and ascertaining the industry implementation of halal requirements in warehouse management. This qualitative case study research was based on the data collected through interviews with the informants from the Warehouse Department of Pharmaniaga Lifescience (PLS). The research results revealed the PLS warehouse process flow, their halal implementation in warehouse management, and their perception of the importance of halal warehouse practice for halal pharmaceutical products. This could offer significant insight to the manufacturers, patients, users, researchers, or academicians.
Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible, Estado de Derecho y Economía Socia
Authors: Lambea Rueda Ana
Published: July 2023

En este momento resulta de especial interés analizar el desarrollo y la sostenibilidad. Aparentemente, la Economía Social, como el resto de las cuestiones económico-jurídicas, no puede permanecer ajena al desarrollo y la sostenibilidad. Así, se pretende en los últimos años, impulsando un Estado Social, Económico y de Derecho cuyo punto de partida, para ser sostenible y universal, precisa de los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible de Naciones Unidas. No obstante, por un lado, dichos Objetivos presentan graves incongruencias desde el punto de vista jurídico, tanto por la indeterminación de los conceptos utilizados y los sujetos afectados, como por su contenido y eficacia, ya que han surgido bajo el amparo de Naciones Unidas, fuente de la que proceden, para aplicarse en todos los Estados miembros de dicha organización, por encima de sus Constituciones y Estados de Derecho.En las siguientes páginas se analiza, en primer lugar, el concepto y características, exigibilidad y fundamento jurídico de los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible. En segundo lugar, se trabaja sobre la acogida y repercusión del desarrollo y la sostenibilidad en la normativa de Economía social.
Economía Social versus ánimo de lucro: el derecho como instrumento necesario para el control de legalidad y la defensa de los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible
Authors: Bolado Alonso Jesús
Published: July 2023

La finalidad de las entidades de la Economía Social debería ser muy diferente de la meramente lucrativa de las típicas sociedades mercantiles. Por ello es necesario que se mantengan fieles en general a los principios y valores de la Economía Social. Se están eludiendo la aplicación práctica de los pilares y el fundamento esencial de su naturaleza, fomentando la creación de entidades alejadas de lo que es la Economía Social y en algunos casos cometiendo fraude de ley, al querer aprovecharse del tratamiento diferenciado y privilegiado como el que poseen estas entidades, a través de los beneficios fiscales, normativos y de ayudas públicas que se les conceden por sus fines sociales, eludiendo en su objeto y finalidad el de una economía centrada en las personas, la democracia (un socio un voto), la búsqueda de la calidad del empleo y la consecución de los fines y los objetivos sociales, tal y como propugna la Agenda 2030. 
Con este estudio, demostramos como a través del control de legalidad y la revisión de los principios y valores de la Economía Social, los Registros Públicos Administrativos actúan como primera línea de vigilancia y control. En consecuencia, obliga a denunciar la existencia de sociedades que optan por este revestimiento jurídico para obtener el régimen propio de estas, cuando su verdadera naturaleza dista mucho de los principios y características propias de las verdaderas entidades de la Economía Social.
Economía Social, eco-empleos y cuidados de larga duración: claves para una transición justa
Authors: Rodríguez Escanciano Susana
Published: July 2023

Los efectos que conllevan las herramientas de lucha contra la emergencia climática hacen insoslayable apostar por una transición justa hacia economías verdes donde debe adquirir un protagonismo esencial el empleo decente. En este marco, el envejecimiento progresivo de la población provoca cuantiosas necesidades sociales de atenciones personales, capaces de generar grandes expectativas, por un lado, para el incremento de los índices de inserción laboral, acompañados además de unas condiciones ocupacionales adecuadas (ingresos suficientes y protección social) y, por otro, para reducir el impacto ambiental, garantizando la utilización más eficiente de los recursos existentes. Una fórmula imprescindible para que la imbricación entre sostenibilidad ambiental y creación de empleo de calidad en el sector cuidados resulte exitosa puede encontrarse en la denominada “Economía Social”, anclada en el principio de primacía de las personas y del fin social sobre el capital
La Economía Social como motor de desarrollo sostenible medioambiental y social
Authors: Miñarro Yanini Margarita
Published: July 2023

La noción “transición ecológica justa” supone apartarse de un modelo productivo depredador que, con el único objetivo de lograr el mayor enriquecimiento, degrada el medioambiente y precariza a las personas trabajadoras. Implica, así, transformar la manera de producir para adoptar procesos más respetuosos con el medio ambiente y con los derechos laborales de las personas trabajadoras. En el presente trabajo se examina el concepto “transición ecológica justa”, tanto en sus bases normativas como en su significación sustantiva, efectuando un análisis de la normativa clave en materia medioambiental o con incidencia en ésta, para determinar de qué manera y en qué medida se proyecta en ella. Tras este examen, se pone de manifiesto el perfecto encaje que tiene la economía social en los postulados y exigencias de la transición ecológica justa, por lo que se destaca que, con los debidos apoyos, puede ser el motor de la transición ecológica justa.
Rites of Janus: The educated life and crimes of Dr. Hans Beutelspacher
Authors: Beyda Oleg , Petrov Igor
Published: July 2023

The history that follows will show that the limits of (in)humanity are malleable and readily shifted. Whirled in the chaos of life, ordinary people may suddenly be transformed into monsters, and later, may return calmly to their former nature. It remains unclear why these limits prove so diffuse. Dr. Hans Beutelspacher, whose life story took us ten years to reconstruct, traced this path in both directions, and thus came to embody yet another mystery of the human mind. The possessor of an educated and inventive intelligence, he toyed with monstrous behaviour during World War II, before returning just as effortlessly to his «human» and even benevolent state, later developing a prominent career in the field of soil biochemistry.
El tratamiento de las lenguas adicionales en el Proyecto Lingüístico de Centro: TILC y AICLE a revisión en el contexto valenciano
Authors: Castellano-Sanz Margarida , Martí-Climent Alícia
Published: July 2023

Con la aprobación de la Ley 4/2018 por la que se regula y promueve el plurilingüismo en el sistema educativo valenciano, todos los centros educativos, desde Infantil hasta Bachillerato, Formación Profesional y Formación de Personas Adultas, han elaborado un Proyecto Lingüístico de Centro (PLC), después de un análisis profundo de la situación sociolingüística específica de cada centro. Teniendo en cuenta la naturaleza lingüística diversa del territorio valenciano, se han seleccionado 10 centros educativos de infantil y primaria situados en diferentes zonas geográficas de Castellón, València y Alicante, con especial atención a la dualidad rural/urbana y a la presencia de lenguas familiares no curriculares entre el alumnado. El objetivo principal es analizar la distribución por lenguas vehiculares que se ha hecho del currículum académico, así como también profundizar en el enfoque metodológico adoptado en el tratamiento de las diferentes lenguas curriculares. Concretamente, el foco de atención de este artículo se centra en determinar si en los PLC analizados se sigue el Tratamiento Integrado de Lenguas (TIL), que implica abordar las lenguas de forma integrada y no como compartimentos estancos (Guasch, 2010; Pascual, 2006), y el Tratamiento Integrado de Lengua y Contenidos (TILC) o, en su caso, el Aprendizaje Integrado de Contenidos y Lenguas Extranjeras (AICLE). A partir del análisis de las asignaturas vehiculadas tanto en la lengua extranjera mayoritaria, el inglés, como en la lengua cooficial, el valenciano, como lengua minorizada en situación de bilingüismo asimétrico, se establecerán los paralelismos y las diferencias metodológicas en la aproximación a la didáctica de dos lenguas con carácter adicional en según qué contextos sociolingüísticos.
Shallow sea matching field continuous tracking method based on trajectory Poisson multi-Bernoulli hybrid filter
Authors: Zhou Yu-Yuan , Sun Chao , Xie Lei ,   School of Marine Science and Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China,   Key Laboratory of Ocean Acoustic and Sensing, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
Published: July 2023

In the shallow water waveguide, matched field tracking methods use the continuity of the peak position of the moving source and the disorder of pseudo-peaks on the sequential ambiguity surfaces to track the underwater source trajectory. However, owing to the dual influence of the space-time fluctuating shallow water waveguide environment and the complex sources motion scene, the existing matching field tracking methods are prone to track interruption, switches and false track phenomena, leading to discontinuous tracking results. Using the consistency between the peak position distance likelihood and the peak amplitude likelihood of sequential ambiguity surfaces, a continuous matched field tracking method is proposed based on the trajectory Poisson multi-Bernoulli mixture filter in this paper. The proposed method is applied to SWellEx-96 experimental data, and the tracking performance is measured by the linear programming metric. The results show that compared with the existing matching field tracking method and multi-target tracking method via random finite set, the proposed method achieves continuous tracking and accurate quantity estimation of moving sources trajectory. Among them, the prediction step and updating step in the trajectory space can avoid the phenomenon of trajectory interruption and switches in unvoiced periods.
Magneto-electronic property and strain regulation for non-metal atom doped armchair arsenene nanotubes
Authors: Han Jia-Ning , Huang Jun-Ming , Cao Sheng-Guo , Li Zhan-Hai , Zhang Zhen-Hua ,   Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronic Materials Genome Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410114, China
Published: July 2023

For the development of high performance magnetic devices, inducing magnetism in non-magnetic materials and flexibly regulating their magneto-electronic properties are very important. According to the density functional theory (DFT), we systematically study the structural stability, magneto-electronic properties, carrier mobility and strain effect for each of armchair arsenene nanotubes doped with non-metallic atoms X (X = B, N, P, Si, Se, Te). The calculated binding energy and formation energy confirm that the geometric stability of AsANT-X is high. With non-metal doping, each of AsANT-X (X = B, N, P) acts as a non-magnetic semiconductor, while each of AsANT-X (X = Si, Se, Te) behaves as a bipolar magnetic semiconductor, caused by the unpaired electrons occurring between X and As. Furthermore, by doping, the carrier mobility of AsANT-X can be flexibly moved to a wide region, and the carrier polarity and spin polarity in mobility can be observed as well. Especially, AsANT-Si can realize a transition among bipolar magnetic semiconductor, half-semiconductor, magnetic metal, and non-magnetic metal by applying strain, which is useful for designing a mechanical switch to control spin-polarized transport that can reversibly work between magnetism and demagnetism only by applying strain. This study provides a new way for the application of arsenene.
Current distribution and plasma velocity characteristics of parallel-plate accelerator under static pressure
Authors: Liu Shuai , Xu Tao , Liu Kang-Qi , Zhang Yong-Peng , Yang Lan-Jun ,   School of Electrical Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
Published: July 2023

Electromagnetic plasma accelerators which can generate high-density and hypervelocity plasma jets have been widely used in plasma physics research and application fields. An experimental platform of parallel-plate accelerator electromagnetically driven plasma is established in this paper, mainly including a parallel-plate accelerator, a power supply, magnetic probes, photodiodes, a current probe, and an oscilloscope. The current distribution and plasma velocity characteristics of a parallel-plate accelerator under static pressure are studied by using magnetic probe array and photodiode array. The working gas is synthetic air. A mechanical pump is used to pump the vacuum chamber to about 1 Pa, and then synthetic air is injected into the vacuum chamber to a target pressure. The power supply of the parallel-plate accelerator has a sinusoidal oscillation attenuation waveform with a total capacitance of 120 μF and a total inductance of about 400 nH. When the charging voltage is 13 kV, the discharge current is 170 kA and the pulse width is 23.5 μs. The discharge currents are 38, 100, 135 kA, and 170 kA when the pressures are 100, 200, 400 and 1000 Pa, respectively. The current distribution of the parallel-plate accelerator is concentrated, and the discharge mode is consistent with the snowplow mode, when the discharge current is small and the working pressure is high. As the discharge current increases or the working pressure decreases, a diffuse current distribution gradually appears in the parallel-plate accelerator. Two regions are formed, i.e. the plasma front region and the plasma tail region. The diffuse current distribution phenomenon is more remarkable when the discharge current is higher or the working pressure is lower. The plasma front current distribution proportion decreases and the plasma front velocity increases with the increase of discharge current and the decrease of working pressure. However, the plasma velocity proportion increased is much lower than the discharge current proportion increased or working pressure proportion decreased. When the discharge current increases from 38–170 kA, the plasma velocity increases from 25.0 km/s to 33.6 km/s, with the velocity increment being only 34.4%. The plasma front region is subjected to both the Lorentz force and the thermal pressure of the plasma tail region.
Characterization of Tryptophan Oxidation Affecting D1 Degradation by FtsH in the Photosystem II Quality Control of Chloroplasts
Authors: Kato Yusuke , Kuroda Hiroshi , Ozawa Shin-Ichiro , Saito Keisuke , Dogra Vivek , Scholz Martin , Zhang Guoxian , de Vitry Catherine , Ishikita Hiroshi , Kim Chanhong , Hippler Michael , Takahashi Yuichiro , Sakamoto Wataru
Published: July 2023

Light reaction of photosynthesis is one of the most important reactions for sustaining our environment. Photosystem II (PSII) is the initial site of photosynthetic electron transfer by water oxidation. Light in excess, however, causes the simultaneous production of singlet oxygen, a potent reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to photo-oxidative damage in PSII. To maintain photosynthetic activity, the PSII reaction center protein D1, which is the primary target of unavoidable photo-oxidative damage, is efficiently degraded by FtsH protease. In PSII subunits, photo-oxidative modifications of several amino acids such as Trp have been indeed documented, whereas the linkage between such modifications and D1 degradation remains elusive. Here, we show that an oxidative post-translational modification of Trp residue at the N-terminal tail of D1 is correlated with D1 degradation by FtsH during high-light stress. We revealed that
Arabidopsis
mutant lacking FtsH2 had increased levels of oxidative Trp residues in D1, among which an N-terminal Trp-14 was distinctively localized in the stromal side. Further characterization of Trp-14 using chloroplast transformation in
Chlamydomonas
indicated that substitution of D1 Trp-14 to Phe, mimicking Trp oxidation enhanced FtsH-mediated D1 degradation under high light, although the substitution did not affect protein stability and PSII activity. Molecular dynamics simulation of PSII implies that both Trp-14 oxidation and Phe substitution cause fluctuation of D1 N-terminal tail. Furthermore, Trp-14 to Phe modification appeared to have an additive effect in the interaction between FtsH and PSII core in vivo. Together, our results suggest that the Trp oxidation at its N-terminus of D1 may be one of the key oxidations in the PSII repair, leading to processive degradation by FtsH.In photosynthetic organisms, maintenance of photosynthetic light reaction is manifested by so called Photosystem II (PSII) repair system, where the reaction center protein D1 is targeted to photo-oxidative damage and rapidly degraded by the processive protease FtsH. While this system is well known to cope with photoinhibition, the actual oxidation within the D1 polypeptide and its association to degradation remained elusive. Here, we characterized oxidative modification of tryptophan (Trp) residues in the PSII core, and hypothesize that the oxidation of N-terminal Trp is one of the key oxidations in the PSII repair, likely enhancing D1’s accessibility to FtsH.
Functional Implications of the Exon 9 Splice Insert in GluK1 Kainate Receptors
Authors: Dhingra Surbhi , Chopade Prachi M. , Vinnakota Rajesh , Kumar Janesh
Published: July 2023

Kainate receptors are key modulators of synaptic transmission and plasticity in the central nervous system. Different kainate receptor isoforms with distinct spatiotemporal expression have been identified in the brain. The GluK1-1 splice variant receptors, which are abundant in the adult brain, have extra fifteen amino acids inserted in the amino-terminal domain (ATD) of the receptor resulting from alternative splicing of exon 9. However, the functional implications of this post-transcriptional modification are not yet clear. We employed a multi-pronged approach using cryogenic electron microscopy, electrophysiology, and other biophysical and biochemical tools to understand the structural and functional impact of this splice insert in the extracellular domain of GluK1 receptors. Our study reveals that the splice insert alters the key gating properties of GluK1 receptors and their modulation by the cognate auxiliary Neuropilin and tolloid-like (Neto) proteins 1 and 2. Mutational analysis identified the role of key splice residues that influence receptor properties and their modulation. Furthermore, cryoEM structure of the variant shows that the presence of exon 9 in GluK1 does not affect the receptor architecture or domain arrangement in the desensitized state. Our study thus provides the first detailed structural and functional characterization of GluK1-1a receptors, highlighting the role of the splice insert in modulating receptor properties and their modulation.
What does Chinese BERT learn about syntactic knowledge?
Authors: Zheng Jianyu , Liu Ying
Published: July 2023

Pre-trained language models such as Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) have been applied to a wide range of natural language processing (NLP) tasks and obtained significantly positive results. A growing body of research has investigated the reason why BERT is so efficient and what language knowledge BERT is able to learn. However, most of these works focused almost exclusively on English. Few studies have explored the language information, particularly syntactic information, that BERT has learned in Chinese, which is written as sequences of characters. In this study, we adopted some probing methods for identifying syntactic knowledge stored in the attention heads and hidden states of Chinese BERT. The results suggest that some individual heads and combination of heads do well in encoding corresponding and overall syntactic relations, respectively. The hidden representation of each layer also contained syntactic information to different degrees. We also analyzed the fine-tuned models of Chinese BERT for different tasks, covering all levels. Our results suggest that these fine-turned models reflect changes in conserving language structure. These findings help explain why Chinese BERT can show such large improvements across many language-processing tasks.
Protective effect of fustin against adjuvant-induced arthritis through the restoration of proinflammatory response and oxidative stress
Authors: Alshehri Sultan , AlGhamdi Shareefa A. , Alghamdi Amira M. , Imam Syed Sarim , Mahdi Wael A. , Almaniea Mohammad A. , Hajjar Baraa Mohammed , Al-Abbasi Fahad A. , Sayyed Nadeem , Kazmi Imran
Published: July 2023

Rheumatoid arthritis causes irreparable damage to joints. The present research sought to check fustin’s anti-arthritic efficacy against the complete Freund’s adjuvant-induced arthritis paradigm in animals by altering the inflammatory response. In the rats, complete Freund’s adjuvant was used to trigger arthritis and they received fustin at 50 and 100 mg/kg for 21 days. At regular intervals, the hind paw volume and arthritic score were assessed. After the trial period, hematological, antioxidant, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and other biochemical parameters were estimated. Fustin-treated rats showed the down-regulation of hind paw volume, arthritic score, and altered hematological parameters (TLC, DLC (neutrophil, lymphocyte, monocyte, eosinophil, basophil)). Furthermore, fustin significantly mitigates proinflammatory cytokine (reduced interleukin, tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-α), IL-6, IL-1β), oxidative stress (attenuated malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD)), attenuated production of prostaglandin E2 and myeloperoxidase (MPO) and improved nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2) action. Fustin led to the benefit in arthritis-prone animals elicited by complete Freund’s adjuvant via pro-inflammatory cytokine.
The Effect of Public Investment on Private Investment in Kenya
Authors: Mukui Gideon , Awiti Japheth , Onjala Joseph
Published: July 2023

Public investment largely influences the socio-economic development of a country despite inefficiency concerns. A strong private sector is poised to cause GDP growth due to the efficient management of the resources compared to an economy dominated by the public sector. Nevertheless, public spending pattern influences socio-economic economic activities and welfare dynamics of a country. However, high levels of government activities could crowd-out private investment due to the competition for the scarce financial resources in the economy. This paper sought to analyze the effect of public investment on private investment in Kenya using a vector error correction model. The findings showed a strong positive impact of public investment on private investment in Kenya.
The role of peripheral immunity in ALS: a population‐based study
Authors: Grassano Maurizio , Manera Umberto , De Marchi Fabiola , Cugnasco Paolo , Matteoni Enrico , Daviddi Margherita , Solero Luca , Bombaci Alessandro , Palumbo Francesca , Vasta Rosario , Canosa Antonio , Salamone Paolina , Fuda Giuseppe , Casale Federico , Mazzini Letizia , Calvo Andrea , Moglia Cristina , Chiò Adriano
Published: July 2023

Background

Systemic inflammation has been proposed as a relevant mechanism in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Still, comprehensive data on ALS patients' innate and adaptive immune responses and their effect on the clinical phenotype are lacking. Here, we investigate systemic immunity in a population‐based ALS cohort using readily available hematological indexes.

Methods

We collected clinical data and the complete blood count (CBC) at diagnosis in ALS patients from the Piemonte and Valle d'Aosta Register for ALS (PARALS) from 2007 to 2019. Leukocytes populations, neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (PLR), systemic‐immune‐inflammation index (SII), and lymphocyte‐to‐monocyte ratio (LMR) were derived from CBC. All variables were analyzed for association with clinical features in the entire cohort and then in sex‐ and age‐based subgroups.

Results

Neutrophils (P = 0.001) and markers of increased innate immunity (NLR, P = 0.008 and SII, P = 0.006) were associated with a faster disease progression. Similarly, elevated innate immunity correlated with worse pulmonary function and shorter survival. The prognosis in women also correlated with low lymphocytes (P = 0.045) and a decreased LMR (P = 0.013). ALS patients with cognitive impairment exhibited lower monocytes (P = 0.0415).

Conclusions and Relevance

The dysregulation of the systemic immune system plays a multifaceted role in ALS. More specifically, an elevated innate immune response is associated with faster progression and reduced survival. Conversely, ALS patients with cognitive impairment showed a reduction in monocyte count. Additionally, immune response varied according to sex and age, thus suggesting that involved immune pathways are patient specific. Further studies will help translate those findings into clinical practice or targeted treatments.
Dough‐Like Aramid Nanofiber Putty‐Assisted Design of Free‐Standing Liquid Metal‐Based Films for Ultrahigh Electromagnetic Interference Shielding
Authors: Zhang Zongwen , Yuan Changxin , Hu Wanbiao , Wang Chunhui
Published: July 2023

Gallium‐based liquid metal (LM) is expected to be an ideal candidate for flexible electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials in wearable electronics due to its excellent electrical conductivity and extraordinary fluidity. However, it is difficult to fabricate LM as a free‐standing material due to its high surface tension and unmanageable fluidity, as well as its poor compatibility with other materials. Herein, a processing strategy is developed to fabricate free‐standing LM‐based films by vacuum filtration with the assistance of dough‐like aramid nanofiber (ANF) putty. The ANF putty improves the compatibility of ANF and LM, and also greatly improves the stability, reliability, and processability of ANF. Rational design of the structure enables the preparation of LM/ANF films with ANF as the nanobridge connecting LM micro/nanodroplets, and ANF‐LM‐ANF sandwich films with ANF as the shells, LM layer as the core. The LM/ANF film (tensile strength: 5.4 MPa) exhibits an ultrahigh EMI SE of up to 105.9 dB (8.0–12.4 GHz) at a thickness of 60 μm. While the ANF‐LM‐ANF sandwich film has higher mechanical strength (33.1 MPa), and also has good EMI shielding properties. The average EMI SE of the 10 μm thick sandwich film exceeds 45 dB in the X‐band.