Treatment of Partial Injuries of Knee Anterior Cruciate Ligament with Use of Platelet-Rich Plasma
Authors:   Peoples' Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba, Rofizoda Farrukh N. , Skipenko Timofey O. ,   Peoples' Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba,   National Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics named after N. N. Priorov, Ksontini Sadok A. ,   Peoples' Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba, Kiselev Sergey P. ,   Peoples' Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba, Zakirova Aleksandra R. ,   Peoples' Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba,   National Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics named after N. N. Priorov
Published: January 2025

INTRODUCTION: Platelet-rich plasma is an autologous concentrate of platelets in blood plasma, which is widely used to stimulate healing of soft and hard tissues. The significance of its use is associated with the abundance of growth factors in the well-prepared concentrate. These growth factors enhance the speed and improve the quality of tissue healing through various mechanisms. Due to its natural properties, platelet-rich plasma has started to be actively introduced in medical practice. In 1985, David Knayton first used platelet-rich plasma in treatment for chronic trophic ulcers. In 1998, several American research groups, independently of each other, started investigation of this substance to accelerate wound healing and tissue rejuvenation in maxillofacial surgery. Gradually, platelet-rich plasma began to be used in other pathologies. Today, the application range of platelet-rich plasma is wide: from stimulating regeneration of bones, healing of wounds, ulcers and musculoskeletal injuries to improving potentials of engrafting various kinds of implants etc.
CONCLUSION: The article considers the benefits of using platelet-rich plasma to treat partial injuries of the knee anterior cruciate ligament. The study used various publications primarily between 2010 and 2023 found in PubMed, Medline, Cochrane Library and Google Scholar databases. It has been established that the mechanisms of the effect of platelet-rich plasma on the process of the knee anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction have been studied insufficiently. Cytokine growth factors were pointed that probably act as mitogens, chemoattractants and cell proliferation stimulators. The results of therapy by the injection of this substance in the joint area are contradictory. A number of studies have found no differences between treatment of patients with the knee anterior cruciate ligament injury with or without use of platelet-rich plasma. The cause obviously lies in different methods of the substance preparation, and the comparison of the data is often impossible because of incomplete presentation of the protocol of the performed procedures. The effect of the platelet-rich plasma in combination with another biologically active agent has been clearly identified. The effectiveness of its use in combination with cartogenin and thrombin serum has been noted. The intraoperative and intraligamentary introduction of thrombin-rich plasma with thrombin serum was found to promote more effective healing of injured tissues.