bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of the harvesting seasons on the polyphenol composition and antimicrobial activity of stinging nettle (Urtica dioica L.) extracts
Authors: Kőszegi K. , Végvári Gy. , Stefanovits-Bányai É. , Békássy-Molnár E. , Maráz A.
Published: September 2023

The aim of our research was to study the water and ethanol extractable polyphenols of stinging nettle (Urtica dioica L.) harvested in different seasons and to determine their antimicrobial activity against certain human pathogenic and food spoiling bacteria and yeasts.

Our results indicate that the spring leaf extracts had higher polyphenol contents than the root one; however, close to the end of the vegetation period these values decreased considerably in both leaves and roots. Detection and quantification of the most abundant phenolic compounds in the spring extracts by HPLC revealed the occurrence of 12 different phenol carboxylic acids and flavonoids. Flavonoid compounds were more abundant than phenol carboxylic acids in the leaves; however, their proportion was equal in the case of the roots. Nettle leaf extracts had remarkable antimicrobial activity, the spring extracts were more efficient than the autumn ones. Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were sensitive to every leaf extract, while Listeria monocytogenes and Pseudomonas aeruginosa had reduced but remarkable sensitivity patterns. Among the yeasts, Candida glabrata was strongly inhibited by the aqueous leaf extracts. Most of the strains were insensitive to the root extracts, although Enterococcus faecalis was inhibited by the root and not the leaf extracts.
Systemic Treatment for Advanced and Metastatic Non-Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma: Examining Modern Therapeutic Strategies for a Notoriously Challenging Malignancy
Authors: Drobner Jake , Portal Daniella , Runcie Karie , Yang Yuanquan , Singer Eric A.
Published: September 2023

Non-clear cell renal cell carcinoma (nccRCC) is a heterogeneous group of malignancies that represents 25% of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) cases. Treatment for non-clear cell histologies is mostly based on evidence from small phase II clinical trials or extrapolated from successful therapies in clear cell RCC because of the low incidence of non-clear cell pathology. Advances in genomic profiling have improved clinicians’ understanding of molecular targets for nccRCC, such as altered mesenchymal epithelial transition (MET) gene status and fumarate hydratase (FH) gene inactivation, but patient outcomes remain poor and optimal management of this disease remains unclear. This review assesses outcomes by histologic subtype from 27 prospective and 13 ongoing clinical trials to identify therapeutic strategies for advanced or metastatic nccRCC. Vascular endothelial growth factor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI), such as sunitinib, and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors, such as everolimus, have demonstrated efficacy and remain viable treatment options, with a preference for sunitinib. However, everolimus is preferred in patients with chromophobe RCC because folliculin (FLCN) gene mutations upregulate the mTOR pathway. Novel TKIs, such as cabozantinib, show improved outcomes in patients with papillary RCC because of targeted MET inhibition. Platinum-based chemotherapy continues to be the recommended treatment strategy for collecting duct and medullary RCC. Clinically meaningful antitumor activity has been observed across all non-clear cell histologies for immune checkpoint inhibitors, such as nivolumab, pembrolizumab, and ipilimumab. Ongoing trials are evaluating novel tyrosine kinase inhibitor and immunotherapy combination regimens, with an emphasis on the promising MET-inhibitor cabozantinib and pembrolizumab plus lenvatinib.
Prevalence of internal diseases of dogs and cats: a retrospective analysis (1994–2014)
Authors: Dotsenko Roman , Vashchyk Yevheniia , Zakhariev Andriy , Zemlianskyi Andrii , Seliukova Nataliia , Gliebova Kateryna , Kostyshyn Lidiia-Mariia
Published: September 2023

The aim: to analyze the literature data for the period from 1992 to 2010 on the spread of internal diseases among dogs and cats.
Materials and methods. The research was conducted by the method of scientific literature open source analysis: PubMed, Elsevier, electronic resources of the National Library named after V.I. Vernadsky (1994–2014).
Results. In the practice of veterinary medicine, internal diseases are a significant part of other diseases of dogs and cats. According to research by domestic authors, a significant number of scientific issues in the study of internal diseases of both productive and non-productive animals remain unclear. Recently, significant progress has been made in the study of internal diseases of dogs, developed methods of their medical examination. Also in recent years, Ukrainian scientists have conducted fundamental research on domestic diseases of domestic cats – urolithiasis, chronic renal failure, glomerulonephritis, polycystic kidney disease, liver lipidosis. Foreign researchers most often diagnose the following internal diseases in dogs and cats among the pathologies of the respiratory, digestive, endocrine and urinary systems: chronic renal failure, glomerulonephritis, diabetes, chronic hepatitis and cholangiohepatitis, gastrointestinal and bronchial diseases. Diagnostic studies of animals with internal pathology are carried out using clinical, instrumental and laboratory methods. According to the scientific works of foreign scientists, the problem of diagnosis and treatment of diabetes is taken care of by scientists around the world, including veterinary medicine, so the problem of diabetes in domestic cats is very relevant in modern science and practice.
Conclusions. Thus, internal diseases are very common among dogs and cats, and the diagnosis and treatment of these pathologies needs further improvement. This is because the number of unproductive pets is constantly growing, and owners are increasingly seeking veterinary care. That is why there is a need to develop new advanced non-invasive and informative methods for diagnosing internal diseases based on biochemical and clinical and instrumental studies
The role of connective tissue biopolymers in the pathogenesis of dog bronchopneunmonia and cat brochnial asthma
Authors: Morozenko Dmytro , Dotsenko Roman , Vashchyk Yevheniia , Zakhariev Andriy , Zemlianskyi Andrii , Seliukova Nataliia , Gliebova Kateryna , Kostyshyn Lidiia-Mariia
Published: September 2023

The aim: to analyze the pathogenetic role of connective tissue biopolymers in canine pneumonia and feline asthma.
Materials and methods. The study was conducted by analyzing the sources of scientific literature: PubMed, Elsevier, electronic resources of the National Library, named after V.I. Vernadsky and the results of our own scientific and clinical experience.
Results. Studies on the pathogenetic justification of the role of biochemical indicators of the connective tissue in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the respiratory system of dogs and cats were conducted. This is due to the need to expand knowledge about the peculiarities of the course, to determine the leading pathogenetic links of the most common pathologies –bronchopneumonia and bronchial asthma, which are found in clinical veterinary practice.
Conclusions. In bronchopneumonia of dogs on the background of severe clinical symptoms (cough, fever, wheezing in the lungs), radiological signs (inhomogeneous compaction of the lung tissue, lack of clear contours of the bronchi), anemic syndrome, general and neutrophilic leukocytosis, lymphocytopenia, hypoalbuminemia, dysproteinemia (increased concentration of α2- and β-globulins in the blood serum), hypercholesterolemia, hyper-β-lipoproteinemia, hyperfermentemia (increased activity of AST and alkaline phosphatase,) there is an increase in serum glycoproteins and chondroitin sulfates, sialic acids, total glycosaminoglycans (GAG) due to the chondroitin-4-sulfate fraction; urinary excretion of oxyproline and uronic acids increases. Disorders of connective tissue metabolism in dogs with bronchopneumonia are caused by an acute inflammatory process in the lungs with the development of pulmonary fibrosis.
Bronchial asthma in cats is manifested by intermittent cough, shortness of breath, hypochromic normocytic anemia, leukocytosis, eosinophilia and lymphocytopenia, increased serum activity of AST and alkaline phosphatase, haptoglobin content, glial acid concentration sulfate; urinary excretion of oxyproline and uronic acids increases. Connective tissue disorders in cats with bronchial asthma are caused by increased mucus excretion with a high content of GAG, as well as chronic inflammation of the bronchial mucosa and their fibrosis
Trauma and Spirituality
Authors: Šeremet Ana
Published: September 2023

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The Instituted Ministries of Readers and Acolytes: A Kairos for the Synodality of the Liturgy
Authors: Amherdt François-Xavier
Published: September 2023

Among the proposals for the implementation of the motu proprio Spiritus Domini and Antiquum Ministerium of Pope Francis (2021), opening the instituted ministries also to women and to lay people not on the way to ordination, the Note of the Italian Bishops’ Conference of June 2022, is certainly one of the most relevant with respect to the discernment, formation and conditions of access of candidates. By receiving a sacramental from the bishop in a community liturgy, for a perennial ministry at the service of the Word of God, the care of the body of Christ in the Eucharist and in the sick, as well as for Christian initiation and small base communities, the instituted ministers can contribute to the synodal revitalization of the ecclesial communion. Decreed ad experimentum for three years, the Italian document can inspire other Bishops’ Conferences around the world.
The tragic science: how economists cause harm (even as they aspire to do good) by George F. DeMartino
Authors: Kwarciński Tomasz
Published: September 2023

Book review: DeMartino, G. F. (2022). The Tragic Science: How economists Cause Harm (Even as They Aspire to Do Good). University of Chicago Press (pp. 272)
This paper discusses the book The tragic science: how economists cause harm (even as they aspire to do good) by M. George F. DeMartino. The Author criticizes the moral geometry used by economists to evaluate harm, arguing for a more multifaceted understanding of harm that considers epistemic uncertainty. While the book under review lacks a systematic study of the moral dimension of harm, the Author’s  versatility and scholarship are admirable, making it an inspiring read for both casual readers and professionals in economics and philosophy.
Children, Society and Future. Proceedings of the III Congress on Mental Health: Meeting the Needs of the XXI Century
Authors: Borodin Vladimir , Treushnikova Natalia
Published: September 2023

The paper presents a review of the Collection of Research Papers of the III Congress on Mental Health: Meeting the Needs of the XXI Century – CHILDREN, SOCIETY, and FUTURE. The authors are medical and non-medical specialists from more than 130 research and educational institutions located in Russia, USA, Canada, Germany, UK, Israel, Spain, Greece, Brazil, Mexica, Portugal, Thailand, Belorussia, and Kyrgyz Republic. They share the latest results of research and practical activities on a wide range of mental health problems of children and adolescents in different areas of scientific knowledge including general medicine, psychiatry, psychotherapy, psychology, social policy, education, law, economics, sports and art. Scientific and practical evidence and approaches to solving problems in the field of mental health and well-being of children and adolescents, presented in an interdisciplinary format and described in more than 200 articles, provide invaluable reference materials for researchers and practitioners. The variety of topics and approaches to solving certain mental health problems of children and adolescents, touched upon in the works of representatives of different disciplines, reflects the breadth of search for general and specific answers to the most complex and painful questions, which in most cases requires thoughtful interdisciplinary interaction. To show this in all possible completeness and at the same time to try to stimulate the further development of these promising trends is the main goal of this Collection. The e-version of the collection is available on the Union for Mental Health website: http://www.mental-health-congress.ru/en/
Overview of the Most Important Advances in Magnetoencephalography Technology
Authors: Pisarchik Alexander
Published: September 2023

The overview of the latest advances in magnetoencephalography (MEG) technology, including the development of optically pumped magnetometers (OPM), is presented. The main advantage of OPM over conventional superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUID) is the absence of cryogenic cooling, which reduces the cost of equipment by 2-3 times. Moreover, the OPM can be positioned a few millimeters from the scalp, which roughly doubles the signal-to-noise ratio. In addition, they are not as susceptible to muscle artifacts as electroencephalography (EEG) signals. Moreover, placing the OPM in a nulling magnetic field reduces the effects of head movement artifacts in the surrounding field. All these advantages open up great potential for the development of a new generation of OPM-based brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) that are cheaper, more flexible and more responsive than SQUID-based BCIs, which can perform both motor and non-motor tasks. Despite the tremendous progress made over the past few years, OPM-MEG is still an evolving technology that requires further improvement. Due to the large size of the sensors, the number of channels is relatively small (less than 50), so they cannot cover the entire head. Although many BCI applications require only a few sensors, their correct placement in selected areas of the scalp is very important. The miniaturization and versatility of lightweight helmets could be an important step towards the further development of OPM for BCI and other applications.
The Development of Young Children. The Review of Assessment Methods
Authors: Baranov Dmitriy , Koshaeva Aida
Published: September 2023

The problem of the state of health of early children, especially infants of the perinatal risk group, remains relevant. Modern trials show that the first two to three years of a child's life are an important age period and the infant's nervous system has significant compensatory capabilities during this period. Delayed psychomotor development may be the first sign of distress, and may be a leading syndrome in various somatic or neurological diseases in etiology and pathogenesis. Accordingly, it is important to be able to objectively monitor the main parameters of development throughout the entire period of early childhood. Today the Prechtl's Method is a unified and reliable methodology. In recent years, the most prognostically significant features of general movements have definitely been identified and their clinical role has been considered in detail, especially with regard to the prediction of cerebral palsy. Hammersmith Neonatal Neurological Examination is a highly reliable method of neurological examination of premature and full-term newborns. Habilitation programs should be implemented within the framework of the concept of early intervention. It is necessary to have a unified methodology for monitoring, correcting or minimizing consequences of disease based on the knowledge of ontogenetic features of the child organism, objective data on structural and functional disorders thereof and the degree of restriction of activity and participation for successful habilitation of at risk kids.
Well-Being of Human in Modern Conditions: Population Researches of the Psychological Aspects of Well-Being in the Ural Region
Authors: Sychenko Julia A. , Symaniuk Elvira E. , Pecherkina Anna A.
Published: September 2023

In 2021, the Ural Humanitarian Institute of the Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B. N. Yeltsin began population research of the well-being of the inhabitants of the Ural region. The research is a large-scale multi-stage project, calculated until 2030. This article is a description of a series of research projects on the psychological aspects of well-being.
Research of Characteristics of Mental Images of Movements in Martial Artists
Authors: Polikanova Irina S. , Leonov Sergey V. , Isaev Alexey V.
Published: September 2023

The study investigated the specificity of mental images of martial artists when presenting certain actions (hip throw, miller, dive, transfer, leg pass) using a modified questionnaire to identify the features of mental images. 19 subjects (age 22 ± 3.6 years, male) participated in the study, nine of whom were wrestlers The subjects presented the above techniques in their performance several times. The following were analyzed: foreshortening, type of landmarks in the control of the presented movement, and chronometric characteristics of mental images. The results showed that experienced athletes were characterized, as a rule, by a stable foreshortening — predominantly from the 1st person. Fewer experienced athletes had a dominant 3rd-person perspective. There were pauses in the chronometric indices of experienced athletes in order to work through certain moments. In novice athletes, the rate of presentation of skills almost always corresponded to the real one. Muscle sensations dominated when describing skills in experienced martial artists. The beginners were dominated by visual characteristics, external forms.
M. M. Speransky’s Administrative Reform Projects in a Comparative Retrospective of the Reigns of Alexander I and Nicholas I
Authors: Andreeva Tatyana
Published: September 2023

This article studies the reforms and reformist searches in the sphere of public administration during the reign of Alexander I and the beginning of the reign of Nicholas I, the successive and distinctive features of the government reform policy in the context of the project activity of M. M. Speransky. The author focuses on determining the reasons for the actualization of transformations in the system of the higher and central apparatus between 1802 and the early 1830s, analysing the specifics of the modernization process in different periods of the institutional development of Russia, identifying similarities and differences in the “administrative structure” of Alexander I and Nicholas I. It has been established that, in general, the official reformation in the field of public administration in the first third of the nineteenth century, based on the theoretical and conceptual framework developed by M. M. Speransky, was consistent, systemic, and interconnected and was an integral part of the modernization of Russian statehood. The author demonstrates that the transformational searches of the beginning of the reign of Nicholas I reflected in the activities of the Committee on December 6, 1826, and being a logical continuation of the reforms of Alexander I, were aimed at creating an effective, unified, and rationalized management system of absolutism of the New Age. The administrative transformations of the two epochs were subject to legislative reform and were an integral part of two models of relations between the government and society, Alexander and Nicholas, respectively.
A Letter from John III of Sweden to King Charles IX of France: A New Source for the History of the Baltic Wars
Authors: Ryabov Sergey
Published: September 2023

The letter of King John III of Sweden to King Charles IX of France from October 13, 1568, covers several subjects of the history of Baltic wars in the second half of the sixteenth century. What is most noticeable among them is the reasons why John III’s brother King Eric XIV was overthrown in September 1568, the plot against John of Finland to hand over Catherine Jagiellon, his wife and sister of Sigismund II Augustus, the Polish king, and grand duke of Lithuania, to the Russian czar Ivan the Terrible, as well as the period when the Northern Seven Years’ War ended. After his accession to the throne, John III faced several problems, which he had to solve. Firstly, the second son of Gustav I of Sweden had to legitimise his ascension in the eyes of the European monarchs, then break the international isolation of the Swedish kingdom and protect himself from internal and external conspiracies. His main goal was to free the imprisoned Eric XIV. The solution to these problems depended directly on stabilising Sweden’s foreign policy position, achievable through reconciliation with a hostile coalition of Denmark, Lübeck, and Poland and building an alliance with the French royal court, which offered mediation to end the hostilities. In the text of the published letter, the Swedish king appeals to the feelings of the French monarch, trying to show the “baseness” and “wickedness” of his elder brother’s policy, but also assures him of sincere friendship, proving the long-standing allied nature of the Swedish-French relations. All this makes the letter of John III to Charles IX a valuable historical source, whose value is fully revealed in the context of Swedish-French, Russian-Swedish and Russian-French relations in the sixteenth century. Published for the first time, it comes from the collection of P. P. Dubrovsky (13, No. 9), Russian National Library (St Petersburg). The article publishes the text of the letter in Latin as well as a translation into Russian.
About an Unknown Letter “from the Newly Conquered City of Areshek”
Authors: Alekseev Alexey
Published: September 2023

A handwritten book Collection of Military Letters is kept in the funds of the Russian National Library. It is a collection containing copies of messages about the military operations of parts of the Russian Army in 1702–1710. The study of the manuscript makes it possible to establish that the collection comes from the office of Boyar T. N. Streshnev and belonged to Clerk I. P. Topilsky. On the first pages of the collection, there is a previously unknown letter with a message about the assault and capture of the fortress of Nöteborg. An analysis of the letter demonstrates that its author was P. P. Shafirov, secretary of the Ambassadorial Prikaz. He was sent to Nöteborg to negotiate the conditions for surrendering the fortress. The letter contains information about the events of the assault, the course of negotiations, an assessment of the damage to the fortifications, and reports on the losses of the Russian side. Shafirov’s letter, written the day after the assault, is much longer than the known letters of Peter I but is not a work of the editors who created the official text of the report much later. The introduction of a new source about the assault and capture of Nöteborg adds to the knowledge about one of the significant events of the initial stage of the Northern War.
In vivo polyamine applications to globe artichoke: Effects on plant growth-development and some bioactive components
Authors: OZSAN KILIC Tugce
Published: September 2023

The globe artichoke, Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus (L.), is an important member of the Asteraceae family, being used as a food and due to it has certain health-improving qualities in the treatment of various disorders since ancient times. Low molecular weight organic compounds with a role in several crucial cellular and physiological processes of plants are known as polyamines. They participate in processes such as cell division, differentiation, and growth, the sprouting of seeds, root formation, and flower and fruit development. They have been identified as particularly efficient against biotic and abiotic stress factors. The present research aimed that the evaluation of effects of various polyamine (PA) types and concentrations on three different artichoke cultivars by biometric measurements and biochemical analyses. For this purpose, seedlings of three artichoke cultivars (‘Sakız OP’, ‘Bayrampaşa OP’, and ‘Olympus F1’) were sprayed with various concentrations (0, 50, 100 and 250 mg L-1) of three distinct types of significant polyamines, including putrescine, spermidine, and spermine. Several growth parameters were examined in the current research. The effects on the total phenol and antioxidant capacities, as well as changes in the amounts of cynarin and 1,5-O-dicafeoylquinic acid, were also evaluated. The results revealed that there were statistically differences based on cultivars and treatment concentrations. Among the three forms of PA spermine was potent at increasing total phenolic content, while putrescine was effective at increasing total antioxidant content. On the other hand, putrescine, spermine and, spermidine had no positive effects on cynarin and 1,5-O-dicaffeoyquinic acid levels. Results clearly revealed that each biometric data and biochemical content could not be determined by a single polyamine type and concentration. It can be concluded that to improve the biometric values and biochemical content are depending on cultivar and dosage of various PAs.
Genç Tüketicilerin Ekolojik Zekasının Ekolojik Ayak İzi Farkındalıkları Üzerindeki Etkisi: İstanbul İlinde Bir Uygulama
Authors: DENİZ ÇAKIROĞLU Arzu
Published: September 2023

Ekolojik ayak izi farkındalığı, bireylerin tüketim alışkanlıklarının çevreye verdiği zararı somut olarak ifade eden bir kavramdır. Doğaya verilen bu zararın bireyler tarafından fark edilmesi için sürdürülebilir yaşam tarzını ve satın alma davranışını destekleyen ekolojik zekanın geliştirilmesi gerekmektedir. Ekolojik zeka seviyesinin artmasının ekolojik ayak izi farkındalığını artırması beklenmektedir. Buradan hareketle bu çalışmanın temel amacı ekolojik zekanın ekolojik ayak izi farkındalığı üzerindeki etkisini belirlemektir. Literatürde yapılan tanımlardan bu iki değişkenin birbiriyle yakından ilişkili olduğu görülmektedir. Ancak bunların birlikte ele alındığı herhangi bir çalışmaya rastlanmamıştır. Dolayısıyla araştırmanın bu anlamda literatürdeki boşluğu doldurması beklenmektedir. Ekolojik zekanın ekolojik ayak izi farkındalığı üzerindeki etkisini belirlemek amacıyla İstanbul ilinde yaşayan genç tüketiciler üzerinde bir anket çalışması yapılarak elde edilen veriler analiz edilmiştir. Verilerin analizinde tanımlayıcı istatistikler, açıklayıcı faktör analizi, doğrulayıcı faktör analizi, korelasyon analizi ve regresyon analizi kullanılmıştır. İlk olarak araştırmada kullanılan temel ölçeklerin geçerlik ve güvenilirlikleri belirlenmiştir. Daha sonra ölçeklerin örnekleme uygunluğunu belirlemek amacıyla açıklayıcı faktör analizi ve yapı geçerliliğini test etmek için doğrulayıcı faktör analizi yapılmıştır. Son olarak ekolojik zekanın ekolojik ayak izi farkındalığı üzerindeki etkisi regresyon analizi yardımıyla belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre genel olarak genç tüketicilerin ekolojik zeka seviyesinin ekolojik ayak izi farkındalıkları üzerinde etkisi bulunmaktadır. Ekolojik zeka seviyesinin artması ekolojik ayak izi farkındalığının artmasını sağlamaktadır. Buna ek olarak ekolojik zeka ölçeğinin alt boyutu olan bütünleşik bakış açısı ve sosyal zekanın gençlerin gıda ve su ayak izi farkındalığı üzerinde etkisi olduğu belirlenmiştir. Buna göre gençlerin ekolojik zekalarının duygusal alanlarla ilişkili seviyesinin geliştirilmesi onların gıda ve su kullanımı konusundaki farkındalıklarını artırmaktadır. Regresyon analizinden elde edilen diğer sonuçlara göre ekolojik zekanın bir boyutu olan ekonominin ulaşım ayak izi farkındalığı üzerinde etkisi bulunmaktadır. Dolayısıyla gençlerin ekolojik zekalarının bilişsel kısımlarıyla ilgili düzeyin artırılması onların sürdürülebilir ulaşım konusundaki farkındalıklarını artırmaktadır.
Etiikka ja älykkäiden teknologioiden suunnittelu 1.0
Authors:   Etairos projektiryhmä
Published: September 2023

Älykkäitä teknologioita tarvitaan ja otetaan käyttöön yhä useampien julkishallinnon tehtävien tueksi. Suunnittelu on vaativaa: järjestelmien on palveltava erilaisia käyttäjäryhmiä ja vastattava monenlaisiin tarpeisiin. Käytön kannalta olennaisia seikkoja voi jäädä vaille riittävää huomiota.
Julkishallinnon tietojärjestelmät eivät aina toimi hyvin: asiakkaat mutta myös työntekijät turhautuvat. Käyttäjien kannalta olennaisia seikkoja on voitu sivuuttaa suunnittelussa tai järjestelmä ei tue varsinaista tavoitetta. Tässä ETAIROS-julkaisussa muotoillaan keskeisimmät, eettisesti merkitykselliset tekoälysovellusten kehittämistä koskevat kysymykset.Tavoitteena on tukea suunnitteluryhmiä kehittämään älykkäisiin teknologioihin tukeutuvia julkishallinnon toimintoja eettisesti kestävällä tavalla.
Suunnitteluprosessit on valmisteltava huolellisesti. Kaiken perustana on järjestelmän toiminnan kannalta keskeisten kysymysten määritteleminen. Älykkään teknologian käyttäminen edellyttää usein turvautumista teknisiin ratkaisuihin, joiden soveltuvuutta suunnitellun toiminnan hoitamiseen ei vielä tunneta. Älykkään teknologian suunnittelu on toimintana uutta, mutta moniammatillinen yhteistyö asiantuntijoiden välillä auttaa välttämään virheitä ja oppimaan niistä. On pohdittava myös, miten järjestelmä tukee ja motivoi eri käyttäjäryhmiä käyttämään järjestelmiä sekä millaista osaamista, taitoja ja rooleja käyttöön liittyy. Suunniteltavan järjestelmän tulee tukea julkista hallintoa, jotta se voi palvella ja tukea kansalaisia.
La importación y la exportación de una obra de arte en Colombia
Authors: Meisel Lanner Roberto
Published: September 2023

Es mi propósito, en el siguiente artículo de reflexión, esbozar los caracteres generales de los regímenes aduaneros de importación y exportación que gobiernan la estructura del comercio exterior colombiano con relación a la obra de arte, y señalar algunos aspectos que podrían facilitar su logística al momento de iniciar y más tarde concluir el proceso de desaduanamiento de esta y, aunque conozco lo problemático del asunto, eso no será obstáculo para llevar a cabo esta tarea reflexiva.
Las operaciones militares contra las llamadas “bandas criminales” en Colombia: entre el riesgo de exceso de fuerza y la inseguridad jurídica
Authors: Valencia Londoño Paula Andrea , Nateras González Martha Elisa , Parada Arango Juan Martín
Published: September 2023

En países como Colombia, donde coexisten en el territorio múltiples actores armados legales e ilegales que impiden el monopolio de las armas por parte del Estado, las Fuerzas Militares han dejado de ser ultima ratio y se encuentran legitimadas por el discurso de la seguridad internacional para actuar contra amenazas que no siempre atentan contra la soberanía y la seguridad nacional y que, por tanto, están ubicadas fuera del ámbito del Derecho Internacional Humanitario (DIH), y a su vez no tienen un amparo en el ordenamiento jurídico interno, por ejemplo, para el uso de la fuerza letal. Este artículo se centra en analizar la tensión que genera en el orden interno la incorporación de las amenazas construidas por este discurso de la seguridad internacional, en particular en el caso del accionar de las Fuerzas Militares contra los grupos armados vinculados con el crimen organizado, donde el uso de la fuerza letal puede derivar en vulneraciones a los derechos humanos y falta de seguridad jurídica para los miembros de la Fuerza Pública.
Un enfoque didáctico del programa de Etnomatemáticas
Authors: Aroca Armando
Published: September 2023

El enfoque didáctico del Programa Etnomatemáticas que proponemos, es el resultado de 8 años de investigación con maestros en formación de la Licenciatura en Matemáticas de la Universidad del Atlántico, Colombia, mediante la asesoría y participación de Trabajos de Grado. El enfoque didáctico tiene dos momentos: la fase etnográfica y la fase de problematización de los resultados de la fase etnográfica en ambientes escolares, que podemos resumir como la fase educativa. Ambas fases implican un año de investigación: la fase etnográfica es el análisis de la Etnomatemáticas en una práctica o actividad, que por general es artesanal. La fase educativa tiene como base la enseñanza paralela y comparativa entre la matemática artesanal y la matemática escolar. El objetivo principal es presentar una propuesta didáctica del Programa Etnomatemáticas; esta propuesta muestra que es necesario soportarla como mínimo en una teoría de aprendizaje de las matemáticas y que hay que conciliar con la normatividad sobre el currículo matemático establecido por, en nuestro caso,  el Ministerio de Educación Nacional de Colombia.
Cotas e graduação em tecnologias: diagnóstico de uma graduação concebida e implementada em tempos de ações afirmativas
Authors: Cafezeiro Isabel , De Jesus Braga Tiago , Cruz da Costa Leonardo
Published: September 2023

A Lei 12.711, conhecida por Lei de Cotas que estabelece a reserva de vagas no Ensino Superior Público no Brasil completará uma década em 2022, estando agora sujeita à revisão. A possibilidade de alteração em um dos mais notáveis mecanismos de democratização do ensino superior indica a urgência na compreensão dos resultados obtidos em seus dez anos de vigência. Partindo de uma perspectiva histórica, este artigo relata a conjuntura de efetivação da lei tomando como referencial o ensino profissional em tecnologias e ciências exatas, um campo de saber onde o debate social não se apresenta como conteúdo e nem tampouco costuma estar presente nas discussões cotidianas. Observa-se a grande incompreensão a respeito da necessidade da lei e de sua eficácia reparadora. Apesar do curto período de vigência da lei, a análise preliminar do desempenho discente no Bacharelado em Sistemas de Informação aponta resultados que até o momento corroboram os efeitos da lei como transformadora da condição estrutural da sociedade pela democratização do acesso e garantia da permanência.
Interstellar Boundary Explorer (IBEX) may have recorded a cross-tail current disruption event of the substorm
Authors: Lu Li
Published: September 2023

The spatial and temporal variations of satellite measurements correspond to different physical connotations. ENA imaging is an effective method to avoid the confusion of spatial and temporal variations of plasma space distribution in remote sensing region. However, for the neutral atom imager with scanning sampling, if the sampling time is too long (such as exceeding the evolution period of related physical events), it is still necessary to carefully analyze the time change factors of the space environment during the sampling period. Our re-certification of ENA scanning images of the IBEX-Hi’s “terrestrial plasma sheet disconnection” revealed that a magnetospheric substorm occurred during sampling, most likely due to the pitch angle diffusion of energetic ions in the ring current to create the so-called “plasma sheet disconnection” illusion. The observation of ENA imaging reflects the motion pattern of its parent ions, which have a certain distance from space plasma visualization. The dynamic evolution of ring current energetic ion diffusion has inspired us to create a new macroscopic model of substorms that can be visually monitored in the ecliptic plane using ENA imaging.
Ensino de História após a ascensão da extrema direita no Brasil: venceremos a barbárie?
Authors: Regina Miranda Sonia , Pinto Junior Arnaldo , Dias de Oliveira Silva Felipe
Published: September 2023

O objetivo deste texto, escrito por pesquisadores do campo do Ensino de História de diferentes regiões do Brasil, é refletir acerca dos desafios do ensino de humanidades e do trabalho educativo de professores/as no Brasil contemporâneo. Apontamos criticamente algumas implicações políticas, éticas e didáticas dos discursos e práticas da extrema direita no país. Para isso, tomamos como mônada as consequências do Escola sem Partido (ESP) sobre o cotidiano escolar e o trabalho educativo que instaurou a atmosfera de uma educação vigiada e censurada por parâmetros conservadores. Identificamos uma continuidade entre tais tendências e os recentes massacres e ameaças nas escolas. Além disso, mobilizando o conceito de experiência atrelado às práticas culturais, discutimos o lugar da comunidade disciplinar de ensino de História entre obstáculos e resistências, na medida em que a ela se impõe a tarefa de educar para que não se repitam outras barbáries.
Evaluation of Conflicts and Parks Management in The Utilization of Natural Resources in Nigeria
Authors: OHWO Oghenekevwe Abigail , GBIGBI Theophilus Miebi , DOLOR Dickens Efemena
Published: September 2023

Aim of study: National parks establishment was stimulated by conservation. However, conflicts exist with park managers and rustic communities hosting the park. The need to regulate utilization of forest resources by man to ensuring peaceful coexistence becomes necessary.
Area of study: Okomu National Park, Edo State, Nigeria was the study area.
Material and methods: One hundred and fifty respondents from host communities and 20 staff of Okomu National Park were randomly selected and structured questionnaire administered to them. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics.
Main results: Most (86.0%) of community member were aware of law guiding park but were adamant (40.0%) regardless of awareness creation by park officers (80.0%). Destruction of farms by fauna and inability of park managers to fulfill their social responsibilities (20.0%) (Staff) and inability of park to carry out social responsibility (20.0%) (communities) were the major conflict sources. Dialog (26.0%) and intensive support zone programme (20.0%) were suggested by community and staff respectively for peaceful coexistence.
Highlights: Conflicts were evident between host communities and park management. The underlying cause is deprivation of host communities from accessing resources and parks manager inability to fulfill their social responsibilities. Conflict resolution method of supply of palliative/benefit from park to communities will aid parks conservation.
The Effect of Bleaching Agents on Color Change in Different Section Shapes in Beech And Fir Woods
Authors: BOZDOĞAN BALÇIK Özlem , ÖZDEMİR Turgay
Published: September 2023

Aim of study: It is an investigation of the effects of bleaching processes on the color change in the wood of tree species. Tree species Eastern Beech (Fagus Orientalis Lipsky.) and Eastern Black Sea Fir (Abies Nordmanniana subsp.) were used in the study. Sodium hydroxide-hydrogen peroxide, oxalic acid, peracetic acid diluted 1/3, peracetic acid diluted 1/6 were used as bleaching agents. Trial samples were prepared in accordance with standards and color change measurements were made.

Area of study: Surface treatments on wooden materials

Material and methods: In the study, two wood species and one varnish type were used; Color changes were tested by applying various bleaches to the wooden material by rubbing method.

Main results: As a result of the study, differences were observed in all cross-section shapes in beech wood bleaching measurements with 1/6 diluted peracetic acid, and differences were observed in cross-section shapes in fir wood bleaching measurements. The best bleaching of fir wood was achieved with peracetic acid.

Main results: As a result of the study, differences were observed in all cross-section shapes in the beech wood bleaching measurements with 1/6 diluted peracetic acid, and in the cross-section shapes in the fir tree bleaching measurements. The best bleaching of fir wood was achieved with peracetic acid.

Highlights: The bleaching process allows the wooden material to easily acquire a homogeneous color. Since the cell arrangements are different in different cross-sectional shapes, the bleaching rates are different from each other. While there is not much difference in the color changes in the wood material when bleached with oxalic acid, the samples are bleached as a result of bleaching with sodium hydroxide-hydrogen peroxide and peracetic acid. Significant changes have occurred in color changes. The reason for this difference is due to the different degrees of corrosion of bleaching agents.
Nanopore Sequencing for Apicomplexan Haemoparasite 18S rRNA Gene Metabarcoding v1
Authors: not provided hugginsl
Published: September 2023

Here we report the methodology for a novel nanopore sequencing based method for the unbiased characterisation of apicomplexan haemoparasites from mammalian blood, validated on field samples from canines. Through targeting of the apicomplexan 18S rRNA gene the metabarcode of pathogens from this phylum canbe elucidated, providing detailed information on haemoparasite single and coinfections with species-level taxonomic classification.
Buck Institute Morphology Microtome Protocol v1
Authors: Breslin Stella
Published: September 2023

Buck Institute Morphology uses automatic rotary microtomes to section paraffin embedded tissue. Safety considerations must be followed to safely acquire paraffin sections on an automatic microtome. The following protocol will describe steps to successfully and safely use the microtome for paraffin sections on glass slides.
Assessment of ERBB2 and HER2 expression in metastatic breast cancer using the nCounter® system and a 100‑gene scale
Authors: Paltuev R.  M. , Volynshchikova O.  A. , Abdullaeva Sh.  R. , Aleksakhina S.  N. , Artemyeva A.  S. , Baychorov E.  A. , Bakharev S.  Yu. , Belaya Yu.  A. , Bozhok A.  A. , Vasin V.  A. , Vladimirov V.  I. , Vorontsov A.  Yu. , Gaysina E.  A. , Gofman A.  A. , Dmitriev V.  N. , Imyanitov E.  N. , Klimenko V.  V. , Komyakhov A.  V. , Konstantinova M.  M. , Kopp M. V. , Kudaybergenova A.  G. , Lalak I.  A. , Matevosyan D.  L. , Mudzhiri N.  M. , Poltareva O.  V. , Sevryukova O.  I. , Semiglazov V.  F. , Semiglazova T.  Yu. , Urezkova M.  M. , Chichkanova A.  S. , Churilova L.  A. , Shomova M.  V.
Published: September 2023

Background. Individual molecular characteristics of a tumor can serve as a basis for a tailored approach to therapy, prediction of the disease course and outcome, and timely treatment correction in cancer patients. Tumor genomic profiling allows for a more precise tumor assessment in an individual manner. Accurate identification of the HER2 status of a breast tumor is crucial for clinical decisions and appropriate treatment strategy.

Aim. To increase the efficacy of systemic therapy for breast cancer, reduce inappropriate prescribing, and ensure a tailored approach to systemic breast cancer therapy using the information on individual molecular characteristics of the tumor.

Materials and methods. We explored the expression of 100 genes involved in breast cancer development in 106 tumor samples from patients with metastatic breast cancer. We used the nCounter technology based on direct digital target detection using color‑coded molecular barcodes. We analyzed the expression of 28 genes with a high predictive value for breast cancer.

Results. The nCounter technology allowed us to perform semiquantitative assessment of the expression of 28 genes in tumor tissue samples. We compared the expression of ERBB2 and HER2. The HER2 expression between 252.32 and 6000 barcodes was equivalent to HER2 (0) status; between 6000 and 9196.25 barcodes, to HER2 (1+); between 9196.25 and 15022.46, to HER2 (2+ / ISH±); and ≥15022.46 barcodes, to HER2 (3+). In case of HER2 (3+) and ERBB2 below 6000 barcodes, the result was considered false positive. In case of HER2 (0) or (1+) and ERBB2 above 15000 barcodes, the result was considered false negative. In 18 tumors, the discrepancies in the results meant two principally different breast cancer subtypes requiring different treatments; in 2 cases, the discrepancies were in the level of HER2 expression.

Conclusion. HER2 testing should be performed on an excision sample (ideally on the same block that was used for genomic testing). Despite the correlation between the HER2‑enriched molecular class and the response to anti‑HER2 therapy, the final result on HER2 status in discordant cases should be based on currently approved assays after results validation.
FINANCING UKRAINE'S DEFENSE EXPENDITURES: A NEW GEOPOLITICAL PARADIGM OR PRESERVATION OF SUSTAINABLE TRENDS?
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Stavytskyy Andriy , Kharlamova Ganna ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Shpyrko Viktor ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: September 2023

The largest military conflict in Europe since the Second World War raises natural questions about the economic justification of its causes and its impact on various sectors of the economy. First of all, the defense sector comes under analysis, in which significant changes have taken place in all countries over the last decade. A significant critical review of the literature is carried out in the paper. It revealed how the degree of financing of the defense sector, the transparency of such financing, and its size affect the development of national security and defense resilience, and how deeply these issues were considered from a methodological point of view. The research examines the issue of defense spending in Ukraine, the Russian Federation, the EU, the USA, and China. It is shown that these countries observed different trends in the financing of the army, which was caused by different strategies and approaches to the probability of a high-intensity military conflict. Based on economic and mathematical analysis, the paper demonstrates that the highest level of militarization was observed precisely in the Russian Federation, which was purposefully preparing for war. While Ukraine's military spending was roughly at the same level. The EU and the US had similar dynamics and stable amplitude in military spending. China had a stable percentage of military spending in the state budget. Given the current geopolitical situation, it is supposed to expect further increases in defense expenditures in all of the analysed countries to modernize their armies. The paper emphasizes the importance of transparency and effective budgeting in ensuring a strong and well-equipped army that can defend the country and strengthen its international position. One way to achieve transparency and openness in budgeting is through the development of an appropriate open information system based on the concept of assessing openness and transparency in budgeting and financial management in the defense and security sector of Ukraine, which should be quantitatively measured and programmatically implemented.
“White Girls Are Taught to Be Wives; Black Girls Are Taught to Survive”: Wellness Among Strong Black Women
Authors: Wallace Donya D. , Limberg Dodie , Linich Kathryn
Published: September 2023

Furthering a strengths-based approach to mental health and wellness requires researchers to explore the role of cultural systems, sociohistorical factors, and the intersectionality of race and gender as factors impacting wellness. To fill the existing gaps in the literature, 12 African American women who identify as strong Black women were interviewed to address the question “How do African American women who manifest the archetype of the strong Black woman make sense of their experiences with wellness?” Working within the client’s perspective, interpretative phenomenological analysis was employed to analyze data collected during semi-structured interviews and focus groups. Themes pulled from the data described how traits of the archetype were internalized during childhood and had implications for how participants perceived and prioritized self-care, a key component of wellness. Findings depict the moderating effects of the strong Black woman archetype on wellness among participants and highlight sociocultural factors impeding its achievement. Implications for assessment, treatment, and counselor education are provided.