bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Valorisation of biomass waste into bioproduct: Potential use of cannabis extracts for bacterial inhibition activity
Authors: Kaewkannetra P. , Lorwanishpaisarn N.
Published: August 2023

Cannabis Sativa is a plant containing two main active components; tetrahydrocannabinol and cannabidiol that can be widely used in pharmacological and medical benefits. Main parts such as seeds, flowers, and leaves are mostly used in several applications; medicines, beverages and foods. While other parts such as stems and incomplete leaves (withered-, dried, and spotted-) were removed to disposal. In this research, cannabis leaves were extracted using 3 solvents namely deionized water, ethanol, and hexane.The extracts were determined to inhibit two pathogenic bacteria (Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus). Some parameters; ratios of extracts: solvents (1:5, 1:7 and 1:10) and temperatures (30 °C, 35 °C and 40 °C) were also considered. The results revealed that extracts yield and total phenolic compound (TPC) content slightly increased as all parameters increased. The maximum yield and TPC content were 16.46% and 64.14 mg GAE/g DW when hexane was applied under ratio of 1:10 at 35°C. The extracts obtained from all conditions could inhibit bacterial inoculation. Furthermore, the use of hexane yielded more effective inhibitor than the cases of water and ethanol. Moreover, extracts were also able to inhibit both bacteria at the lowest concentration for tests of minimum inhibition concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration.
Coastal Zone Vulnerability Analysis in East Mediterranean Basin: Greece, Cyprus and Montenegro
Authors: Gkaifyllia Aliki , Sahtouris Stavros , Ðorđević Nikola , papasarafianou Stamatia , Monioudi Isavela , Tzoraki Ourania , Hasiotis Thomas
Published: August 2023

The coastal zone is a vital natural resource extensively used by the population for various activities. Given the human pressures and climate change, it is crucial to comprehend the modifications occurring in the coastal environment and its exposure to erosion. The InVEST Coastal Vulnerability Model is employed to qualitatively assess vulnerability based on an erosion exposure index, which combines information from the physical environment and population. The methodology for calculating the index is developed holistically, considering technical data, climate parameters and theoretical background. Geographic information software is used to apply the methodology to specific parts of the coastal zone in Lesvos, Cyprus and Montenegro. These regions share common vulnerability issues but also exhibit differences in coastal management approaches, socio-economic characteristics, geological features and potential impacts. The study emphasizes the need to understand biological and geophysical factors influencing coastal erosion and flooding to facilitate effective future planning and management. By assessing coastal vulnerability and considering the impact of tourism, this study can provide insights for sustainable coastal zone management and informe decision-making tools regarding protection and development.
Exploring awareness and practices of rural firms towards a circular economy: A study in rural areas of Greece and Romania
Authors: Kazana Vassiliki , Raptis Dimitrios , Topliceanu Liliana , ARUS ALISA , PUIU PETRU GABRIEL
Published: August 2023

Circular Economy (CE) has been promoted during the last decade through the mainstream EU policy as the alternative to the unsustainable current economic model. However, the awareness levels and practices of CE in the different sectors of the economy have been reported as lower than expected in the scant published research on the subject. This knowledge gap is even more significant for the rural sector of the economy. The current paper presents the state of awareness levels and practices of CE in rural firms. The study has been conducted in the rural areas of Drama County in Greece and Bacau County in Romania following a survey questionnaire approach. A total of 47 rural firms responded to the questionnaire and given the exploratory nature of the study, the data were analyzed with descriptive statistics and correlation analysis. The findings of the study showed that in consideration of the three pillars of CE, environmental impact, resource scarcity, and economic benefits the rural firms in Greece placed higher emphasis on the environmental and resource scarcity pillars of CE, while in Romania on the economic pillar of CE. The study adds to the limited empirical research on CE awareness and practices of rural firms.
Assessing Marine Litter on beaches and the seafloor in the Saronikos Gulf, Greece
Authors: Kouvara Konstantina , Kosmopoulou Angeliki , Fakiris Elias , Christodoulou Dimitris , Filippides Anastasios , Katsanevakis Stelios , Ioakeimidis Christos , Geraga Maria , Xirotagarou Peggy , Papatheodorou George
Published: August 2023

Marine litter is a pressing environmental issue that requires urgent attention from international and local authorities. The European Marine Strategy Framework Directive emphasizes the need to achieve Good Environmental Status (GES) in European marine waters by 2020, with a specific focus on marine litter. This study focuses on the Saronikos Gulf, a highly polluted area in the Mediterranean, to assess the abundance, composition, distribution, and possible sources of marine litter. Data were collected from various sources, including databases, published studies, and fieldwork. The study analyzed both stranded litter on beaches and litter on the seafloor to provide a comprehensive understanding of pollution in the area. Results revealed a high prevalence of plastic litter on beaches, particularly polystyrene pieces and cigarette butts. Litter density varied across locations, with higher concentrations in the western part of the gulf. The cleanliness index classified most beaches as having "very low cleanliness." On the seafloor, plastic and metal were the most common types of litter, with litter density decreasing with increasing depth. This study contributes valuable insights into the extent and characteristics of litter pollution in the Saronikos Gulf, aiding in the development of targeted solutions for its management and conservation.
Utilization of alkaline converted ash blends from lignite and biomass combustion for carbon capture
Authors: Boycheva Silviya , Dimitrov Momtchil , Zabov Emanuil , Winter Franz , Popova Margarita
Published: August 2023

The replacement of fossil fuels by renewable biofuels is one of the ways to limit climate change and improve the quality of the atmospheric air. For existing solid fuel combustion plants, a partial replacement of coal with biomass from wood or agriculture waste is applied. In this paper the effect of alkaline conversion of mixed coal and biomass ash to produce carbon sequestration sorbents was studied. The influence of the amount and type of biomass ash on the morphology, structure, surface characteristics and CO2 capture capacity of the obtained products was studied.
Study of iodo-haloacetic acids using SPME-GC-MS/MS in chlorinated water
Authors: Vasile Gabriela , Cristea Ionut , Cojocaru Victor , Petre Valentina , Tenea Anda , Chiriac Florentina
Published: August 2023

The aim of the study was to develop, optimize and validate an analytical method for the simultaneous identification of iodine haloacetic acids (I-HAAs) drinking water using the technique of Gas-Chromatographic separation coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS). The sample screening an analytes detection was performed on an Agilent 7890B gas chromatograph coupled with an Agilent 7010B triple quadrupole mass spectrometer (MS/MS). The separation of the compounds was achieved using a VF-1710 column (30m x 250mm x 0.25mm). Elution was performed with helium, 1 mL/min, with oven operating at folowing program: 35°C (6 min), 10 °C/min up to 220°C (6 min). For the extraction of I-HAAs from water samples, Solid Phase Microfiber Extraction (SPME) with arow 1.1 mm 120 µm Divinylbenzene/Carbon Wide Range/Polydimethylsiloxane (DVB/C-WR/PDMS) fiber was used.
Year-round assessment of water pollutants in five Greek rivers
Authors: Lymperopoulou Theopisti , Zarkaliou Achilleas , Papadopoulou Konstantina , Lyberatos Gerasimos
Published: August 2023

Globally, an estimated 80% of industrial and municipal wastewater is discharged into the environment without any prior treatment, with adverse effects on human health and the ecosystem. The current study was conducted for a year-round assessment of water pollutants in five Greek rivers (Glafkos, Assopos, Kifissos, Messapios and Rematia-Halandri). The rivers were selected based on their vicinity to municipal or industrial areas. All values of parameters determined were below permissible limits for the rivers selected. Only Kifisos River showed relatively elevated concentrations for arsenic and manganese. In Assopos River, manganese was slightly higher in spring while in Glafkos was increased in winter. Chromium in Messapios River in Evia was found to be much higher than in other surface waters. Nitrates in Rematia – Halandri were higher than the other surface waters.
Competencies of the young generation regarding the circular economy
Authors: Kupczyk Teresa
Published: August 2023

The main objective of the research was to identify, analyse and diagnose the self-assessment of representatives of the young generation regarding their competence in the field of the circular economy. In order to verify the hypotheses and answer the research questions, the method of analysis and criticism of the literature, the method of diagnostic survey and statistical methods were used. An empirical study was conducted based on a survey questionnaire, based on the opinions of 2234 representatives of the young generation. The surveyed representatives of the young generation have (according to self-assessment) little competence in the field of the circular economy and are aware of it. It turned out that the higher the representatives of the young generation rate their competence in the circular economy, the higher they have (according to the self-assessment) a willingness to travel abroad for work, have a greater willingness to work on a temporary basis, have greater digital competence, work and career are of higher value to them, care more about the environment, expect more mentor support at work and have higher leadership
Advancements in Pump Technology: Solid State Pump Utilizing Electro-Rheological Fluid
Authors: Smith Aaliyah
Published: August 2023

Advancements in Pump Technology: Solid State Pump UtilizingElectro-Rheological Fluid
ZIC5 is differentially expressed in central nervous system metastasis in human breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: August 2023

Metastasis to the brain occurs in a significant fraction of patients with breast cancer (1-3). We mined published RNA-sequencing and microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with brain metastasis in humans with metastatic breast cancer. We found that Zic family member 5, encoded by ZIC5, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the brain metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer as compared to primary tumors of the breast. ZIC5 mRNA was present at increased quantities in brain metastatic tissues as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Expression of ZIC5 in primary tumors was correlated with patient distant metastasis-free and recurrence-free survival. Modulation of ZIC5 expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the brain in humans with metastatic breast cancer.
Electro-Rheological Fluids for Solid State Pumps: A Promising Approach for Efficient Fluid Handling
Authors: Hassan Ali
Published: August 2023

Electro-Rheological Fluids for Solid State Pumps: A PromisingApproach for Efficient Fluid Handling
Design and Optimization of Micropumps using Electrorheological and Magnetorheological Fluids
Authors: Haider Zeshan
Published: August 2023

Design and Optimization of Micropumps using Electrorheologicaland Magnetorheological Fluids
Design and Development of an Adaptive Self-Sealing Microfluidic Gear Pump
Authors: Smith Aaliyah
Published: August 2023

Design and Development of an Adaptive Self-Sealing MicrofluidicGear Pump
Advances in Micropump Technology: Harnessing Electrorheological and Magnetorheological Fluids for Optimal Performance
Authors: Sharif Mujahid
Published: August 2023

Advances in Micropump Technology: Harnessing Electrorheologicaland Magnetorheological Fluids for Optimal Performance
Solid State Pump with Electro-Rheological Fluid: Design and Performance Analysis
Authors: Kazmi Asim
Published: August 2023

Solid State Pump with Electro-Rheological Fluid: Design andPerformance Analysis
Determinants of Birth Asphyxia among Newborn in a Zonal Hospital
Authors: Rijal Mala , Chaudhary Tanuja Kumari , Saha Abhilasha
Published: August 2023

Background & Objective: Birth asphyxia is a leading cause of brain damage. Early identification and managing of its contributing factor would change the burden of birth asphyxia. Therefore, the objective of this study was to identify the determinants of birth asphyxia among newborn in a zonal hospital, Dhanusha, Nepal.
Material and Methods: A case control study was carried out among 192 newborns where cases and controls were taken in the ratio of 1:1. Newborns with an APGAR score of less than 7 at 1 min and 5 min were taken as cases, and those with greater or equal to 7 were taken as controls. Case includes all asphyxiated newborns at time of data collection. There were total 96 birth asphyxiated newborn and equal number of non-asphyxiated newborn meeting the inclusion criteria were included as a control group. Data was collected by using structured interview schedule and chart review. The data was entered into SPSS version 16. The data were analyzed by frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, chi-square test and odd ratio. Those variables with a p-value <0.05 were identified as significant determinants of birth asphyxia.
Results: Findings revealed that rural residency (79.2%), dalit ethnicity (69.6%) and joint family (92.7%) were socio-demographic determinants of birth asphyxia. Finding also revealed that primi-parity (OR:3.2,95%CI:1.7-8.2),problem during pregnancy(OR:3.1,95%CI:1.5-6.6), premature rupture of membrane (OR:23.4, 95%CI: 8.7-62.7), augmentation of labour with oxytocin (OR:12.3, 95%CI:6.1-24.4), sex of newborn (OR:5.0, 95%CI;2.7-9.4), meconium stained amniotic fluid (OR:0.22,95%CI:0.00-0.05), cord round the neck (OR:19.0,95%CI:2.4-24.6) and height of mother (OR:16.2,95% CI:2.0-126.0) were significantly associated with increase odds of birth asphyxia.
Conclusion: Most of the identified determinants were common and familiar causes of birth asphyxia. Early detection can prevent and control birth asphyxia. Thus, every pregnant woman need for better maternal care, so creating awareness about determining factors of birth asphyxia to the midwives, careful monitoring of labour, and identifying and taking proper measures that would help in decreasing the occurrence of birth asphyxia.
Functional outcome of intramedullary nailing of the femoral shaft fracture
Authors: Sah Sunil Kumar , Gyawali Madan , Kandel Prakriti Raj
Published: August 2023

Background & Objective: A common fracture is a femoral shaft fracture. The advantages of intramedullary interlocking nails make them the method of choice for treating femoral shaft fractures. These benefits include a small incision, minimal dissection, decreased rates of infection, nonunion, and malunion, shorter hospital stays and rehabilitation periods, excellent union, rotational stability and length maintenance, rapid recovery, and early weight-bearing. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze the functional findings from femoral shaft fracture intramedullary nailing.
Material and Methods: This was a hospital- based, longitudinal, observational study. All patients with femoral shaft fractures admitted at UCMS-TH, Bhairahawa from the Emergency Department managed surgically from October 2019 to March 2020 were included in the study. Femoral shaft fractures with age ≥ 16 years were included while open fractures (Gustalio and Anderson type 2 and 3), pathological fractures,congenital anomaly of the affected limb, previous fracture of the affected limb were excluded. All the patients were managed surgically and followed for at least 6 months. The outcome was measured by the Thoresen scoring system at the end of 6 months.
Results: In this study of 30 cases, the mean age was 30.47 years, male and female ratio of 2:1, the left side was affected in 18 cases, RTA was the most common mode of injury. Most of the cases were Winquist and Hansen type 2 and AO type 32B. In the majority of the cases, 27 cases (90%) had no complication while superficial infection in 2 cases and shortening was seen in 1 case. We found excellent results in 86.7% cases, good in 10% cases and fair in 3.3% cases.
Conclusion: The excellent functional outcome in terms of alignment and range of motion obtained in this study in the majority of patients makes this technique more reliable. The method of choice for femoral shaft fracture in adults was due to its low complication rate, high incidence of union, shorter hospital stay and early mobility.
Assessment of Knowledge on impacts of cell phone use among Secondary level students in a selected School of Kathmandu valley, Nepal
Authors: Lakhe Dibyashwor , Karki Prasansha Kumari , Pradhan Rubi , Kayastha Babita , Sainju Sapana
Published: August 2023

Background & Objective: All age groups use cell phones as a common form of communication, although adolescents use them especially frequently. Students' daily lives with mobile devices are getting more and more dependent on them, which has led to reliance. Its usage has climbed 67% globally and 44.89% in Nepal. The scale of potential health concerns among mobile phone users has increased due to the rising use of these devices. The objective was to assess how cell phone use affects secondary school students among secondary level school students in a selected school of Kathmandu Valley, Nepal.

Material and Methods: A descriptive cross sectional study was conducted among 100 samples by using Probability Stratified Random Sampling Technique. The pre tested self-administered questionnaire with structured and semi structured questions was used to collect information through online survey by Fluroscent School App from Grade 9 and Grade 10 respondents. The collected data was analyzed by using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) 16 version using descriptive and inferential statistics.

Results: Majority of the respondents (38%) were of age 15 years. The respondents of Grade 9 and Grade 10 were equal. The overall mean knowledge score was 26.870 ± 4.978 regarding the use of mobile. The minimum score obtained is 15 and the maximum score obtained is 37 out of 40 possible correct answers .It showed that 60% of the respondents had average level of knowledge, 32% had adequate level of knowledge and 8% had poor level of knowledge. There was no significant association between knowledge regarding mobile phone use with other selected socio-demographic variables. 

Conclusion: The study concluded that there was average level of knowledge regarding impact of cell phone use. Thus, school based cell phone health awareness and education programs are necessity to improve the overall health of students.
Efficacy Of 18FDG-PET/CT In Predicting Response After Neoadjuvant Chemoradiation In Rectal Cancer
Authors: Pandit Narendra , Mittal B R , Kakkar Nandita , Verma G R
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Neoadjuvant chemoradiation (NACRT) may result in significant response in rectal cancer.  Conventional imaging may not be accurate. 18FDG-PET/CT scan has shown promising results for monitoring the response to NACRT. The aim of this study is to evaluate the role of 18FDG-PET/CT scan in predicting pathological response after NACRT in carcinoma rectum.
Methods: Thirty-two consecutive patients with locally advanced rectal cancer were enrolled. Patients underwent NACRT comprising of external beam radiotherapy and concomitant infusional 5-FU based chemotherapy. It was followed 6 weeks later by total mesorectal excision. All patients underwent FDG-PET/CT before and minimum 6 weeks after the completion of NACRT. Maximum standardized uptake (SUVmax) value was calculated. The tumor regression grade (TRG) in resected specimen was scored according to the Mandard criteria. TRG 1-2 was considered as responders and TRG 3-5, non-responders. The SUVmax within the tumor was correlated to differentiate pathological responders from non-responders.
Results: Fourteen of 30 patients were excluded due to protocol deviation.  Following NACRT, 7 (50%) patients were classified as responders (TRG 1-2) and 7 (50%) non-responders (TRG 3-5). There were no significant differences in pre NACRT SUVmax between responders (12.05±2.81) and non-responders (17.65±7.20) (p=0.079). The mean post-NACRT SUVmax was significantly lower in responders than non-responders (6.4 vs 10.8; p=0.024). To compare the response using ROC curve analysis (AUC=0.83), and considering a cut-off post SUVmax as 7.0, the sensitivity was 57.14%, specificity 71.43%, positive predictive value (PPV) 66.67%, negative predictive value (NPV) 62.50%, and the overall accuracy  was 64.28%  to differentiate pathological responders from non-responders.
Conclusion: These preliminary results suggest that 18FDG-PET/CT could be a potentially useful tool in predicting response after NACRT in locally advanced rectal cancer.  Post SUVmax  of 7.0  appears to be the best predictor tumor response following NACRT.
Topography Of Short Hepatic Veins And Interface Veins For Safe Tunneling During Hanging Maneuver Of Liver
Authors: Khatiwada Sagar , Belbase Narayan Prasad , Timilsina Binaya , Shrestha Nischal , Baral Suman , Upadhyay Hari Prasad , Bhujel Sushim
Published: August 2023

Introduction: During hanging maneuver liver resection, a tunnel is created at the interface of the liver and Inferior venacava (IVC). Gap between the middle and right hepatic vein is known as Fossa venacava. A gap between the Inferior right hepatic vein and the Caudate vein is known as a Vein gap. The Fossa venacava and Vein gap provide a safe plane for the insertion of forceps during tunneling. The aim of this study is to determine the topography of this safe plane.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was done. Twenty livers were used in our study. Major hepatic veins, distance of Vein gap, Fossa venacava, and each vessel present at the interface between liver and IVC was measured by a Vernier caliper. All the collected data was entered and analyzed by using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 20 (SPSS-20).
 Results: The average length of retro hepatic IVC was 49.5±10.5 mm and the diameter of 25.6±4.4 mm. The inferior right hepatic vein was present in 60% of cases while the Caudate vein was present in 85% of cases. Fossa venacava had an average distance of 12.3±3.46 mm and the Vein gap was 18.9±7.1 mm.
Conclusion: While tunneling between IVC and the liver, Fossa venacava could be as small as 4.6 mm. The shortest distance of the Vein gap could be as small as 5.8 mm. The intermediate course of forceps insertion is safer than the right or left course.
Colonic Mucormycosis In A Post Covid Patient: A Case Report
Authors: Patkar Amrita , Kalwadia Neha , Dadhich Shailja , Potdar Ojas , Mulchandani Manoj
Published: August 2023

Mucormycosis is rare infection caused by fungi of order Mucorales which frequently involves rhino-cerebral or respiratory system with involvement of gastrointestinal (GI) tract being rare.
Classically majority of patients with invasive mucormycosis are immunocompromised and/or have poor glycemic control. This happens especially during recovery phase of COVID-19 when patients are immunocompromised and simultaneously having poor glycemic control. While gastrointestinal (GI) mucormycosis is rare, stomach and colon are most commonly affected organs, and mortality can be as high as 85%. 
Diagnosis is difficult since signs and symptoms, imaging and intraoperative gross appearance may not suggest mucormycosis. Diagnosis is usually by histopathologic identification of fungal hyphae in biopsy specimen. A high index of suspicion is therefore necessary in post-COVID-19 patients presenting with mesenteric ischemia or bowel perforation especially if they were immunocompromised.  Here we present a case of post COVID disseminated mucormycosis in a 59-year-old diabetic male patient.
Trichoderma sp. for cellulase enzyme production
Authors: Gunjal Aparna
Published: August 2023

The enzymes are having wide applications in various industries. The group of microorganisms, viz., bacteria, fungi, actinobacteria produces different enzymes, viz., cellulase, chitinase, amylase, protease, lecithinase, lipase, gelatinase, etc. and these enzymes have immense market demand. The work here describes isolation of Trichoderma sp. and study of their colony characteristics on different agar media. The morphology images of Trichoderma sp. were also studied light and stereo microscope. The isolated Trichoderma sp. was studied for the production of cellulase. The isolated three species of Trichoderma were found to show production of cellulase. The cellulase production was more by Trichoderma sp. isolate No. 1. The cellulase production by Trichoderma sp. will have applications in food and other industries. The production of cellulase by Trichoderma sp. will be economical and eco-friendly.
Conscience — Synodality — Ecumenism
Authors: Gałkowski Tomasz
Published: August 2023

The reference point for deliberations is constituted by two documents: the Apostolic Constitution of Francis Episcopalis communio and the final document of XV General Assembly of the Synod of Bishops dedicated to the problems of young people Young People, the Faith, and Vocational Discernment. The synodal document presented the issues which were not discussed during the synodal sessions and concern the synodal path of the Church. The author reflects on common elements of both documents and interprets each of them in the light of the other one. He highlights the element of discernment of gifts, charisms, and conscience, which determine the position of the faithful in the ecclesial community and influence the bonds between them and the pastors of the Church. Extending the area of implementation of the synodal character of the Church allows the author to ask the question about the model of the presence of the Church in the world. The author points out similarities between the synodal way and the methodology of ecumenical dialogue, which may affect summoning of the Synod dedicated to ecumenical issues.
Optimalisasi Produksi Peralatan Gali-Muat dan Angkut pada Penambangan Batubara di PT. Alfa Riung Jaya Tanah Laut Kalimantan Selatan
Authors: Ghani IF Abdul Ghani IF , Nurkhamim Nurkhamim , Horman Juanita R. , Hariyanto R.
Published: August 2023

PT. Alfa Riung Jaya merupakan perusahaan yang bergerak dibidang pertambangan batubara yang berlokasi di Desa Batalang, Kecamatan Djorong, Kabupaten Tanah Laut, Kalimantan Selatan. PT. Alfa Riung Jaya menetapkan target produksi batubara untuk jobsite Pit C sebesar 150.000 ton/bulan menggunakan kombinasi alat mekanis 2 unit excavator Caterpillar 340DL dan 7 unit dump truck Scania P380CB dengan jarak pengangkutan menuju stockpile 984 meter. Permasalahan yang dihadapi adalah belum tercapainya produksi dari alat muat dan alat angkut sehingga target produksi belum tercapai, terutama pada jobsite Pit C PT. Alfa Riung Jaya. Kemampuan produksi saat ini untuk alat muat sebesar 271.711,96 ton/bulan dan untuk alat angkut sebesar 126.410,76 ton/bulan. Upaya peningkatan produksi dapat dilakukan dengan cara menambah 1 kali pengisian bucket dump truck serta perbaikan di faktor – faktor yang menyebabkan tidak tercapainya target produksi. Setelah dilakukan perbaikan, kemampuan penangkutan batubara meningkat dari 271.711,96 ton/bulan menjadi 305.675,96 ton/bulan untuk alat muat dan 126.410,76 ton/bulan menjadi 179.884,96 ton/bulan untuk alat angkut.
KAJIAN TEKNIS SISTEM PENYALIRAN PADA TAMBANG BATUBARA DI PT BANYAN KOALINDO LESTARI, MUSI RAWAS UTARA, SUMATERA SELATAN
Authors: Siri Hasywir Thaib , Widiastuti Ilfani , Nusanto Gunawan , Amalia Yasmina
Published: August 2023

PT Banyan Koalindo Lestari merupakan perusahaan yang bergerak dibidang pertambangan batubara dengan metode penambangan strip mine pada lahan seluas 10.980 ha di Musi Rawas Utara, Sumatera Selatan. Daerah penelitian ini memiliki sistem penyaliran mine dewatering berupa saluran terbuka, sumuran, pompa, dan kolam pengendapan. Sumber air tambang berasal dari air hujan dan air limpasan yang masuk dalam lokasi penambangan. Air tersebut dicegah dengan cara membuat saluran terbuka yang dialirkan menuju sungai. Data curah hujan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini diambil selama 10 tahun terakhir dari tahun 2011 – 2020 dengan Periode Ulang Hujan 11 tahun, curah hujan rata – rata sebesar 155,5 mm/hari, curah hujan rencana sebesar 230,92 mm/hari dan intensitas curah hujan sebesar 57,43 mm/jam. Metode yang digunakan untuk menentukan curah hujan rencana distribusi Gumbell. Lokasi penelitian terbagi menjadi 4 daerah tangkapan hujan dan terdapat 4 saluran terbuka. 4 saluran terbuka di lokasi penelitian memiliki dimensi dan debit air limpasan yang berbeda. Sumuran yang ada di lokasi penelitian memerlukan penambahan dimensi untuk menghindari potensi air yang meluap. Air yang berada pada sumuran dialirkan menuju kolam pengendapan dengan menggunakan 1 pompa yaitu jenis Multiflo CF48H. Volume sumuran yang dibutuhkan untuk menampung debit air sebesar 27.070,52 m3, dengan besar debit pompa sebesar 575,32 m3/jam, dan kapasitas kolam pengendapan yang dibutuhkan sebesar 28.672,04 m3.
KAJIAN TEKNIS SISTEM PENYALIRAN PADA TAMBANG TERBUKA DI TAMBANG BATUBARA PT KALIMANTAN PRIMA PERSADA JOBSITE RANTAU, KALIMANTAN SELATAN
Authors: Rozi Mohammad Fathur , Rosadi Peter Eka , Nusanto Gunawan
Published: August 2023

Sistem penambangan dengan tambang terbuka sangat dipengaruhi oleh cuaca setempat, terutama curah hujan. Oleh karena itu perlu dilakukan kajian sistem penyaliran tambang yang memadai agar operasi penambangan dapat berjalan dengan baik. Berdasarkan analisis data curah hujan menggunakan metode gumbell tahun 2011 – 2020, diperoleh curah hujan harian rencana 109 mm, dengan intensitas curah hujan sebesar 14,17 mm/jam, periode ulang hujan 5 tahun dan resiko hidrologi sebesar 89,26 %. Luas daerah tangkapan hujan pada lokasi penelitian dibagi menjadi dua daerah tangkapan hujan (DTH), sebagai berikut : DTH I = 0,96 km², DTH II = 0,51 km². Debit air limpasan pada setiap daerah tangkapan hujan adalah : DTH I = 2,64 m³/detik dan DTH II = 0,93 m³/detik. Lokasi penelitian terdapat tiga saluran terbuka. Tiga saluran terbuka di lokasi penelitian tersebut memiliki dimensi dan debit air limpasan yang berbeda. Saluran terbuka perlu dilakukan perawatan karena kondisi di lapangan mengalami pendangkalan. Rekomendasi saluran terbuka I yaitu memiliki kedalaman air (d) = 1,07 m, kedalaman saluran (h) = 1,29 m, lebar dasar saluran (b) = 1,24 m, lebar saluran terbuka (L) = 2,73 m, panjang sisi luar saluran (a) = 1,24 m. Rekomendasi saluran terbuka II memiliki kedalaman air (d) = 0,72 m, kedalaman saluran (h) = 0,87 m, lebar dasar saluran (b) = 0,84 m, lebar saluran terbuka (L) = 1,84 m, panjang sisi luar saluran (a) = 0,84 m.
Kajian Rencana Reklamasi pada Area Penambangan Batubara PT. ABC di Kecamatan Laung Tuhup dan Barito Tuhup Raya, Kabupaten Murung Raya, Provinsi Kalimantan Tengah
Authors: Saputro Kristanto Jiwo , Wardhana Hendy Roesma , Riyadi Faizal Agung
Published: August 2023

Kegiatan Reklamasi pada kegiatan pertambangan mineral dan batubara merupakan kegiatan yang wajib dilaksanakan. Dasar dari pelaksanaan kegiatan kegiatan reklamasi tersebut adalah peraturan menteri ESDM no 1827 tahun 2018 tentang teknis kaidah pertambangan yang baik. PT. ABC selaku perusahaan tambang batubara yang memiliki rencana untuk melakukan perencanaan terhadap kegiatan reklamasi terhadap lahan bekas tambang. Rencana reklamasi tersebut disusun selama lima tahun yaitu dari tahun 2022-2026 dengan total luas lahan bekas tambang yang akan direklamasi sebesar 56,48 ha. Kegiatan reklamasi yang dilakukan adalah penataan lahan dan revegetasi. Penataan lahan dilakukan dengan menggunakan peralatan mekanis berupa 1 buah dozer Komatsu D7G, 5 buah dump truck Hino FM 260, dan 2 buah excavator Komatsu PC 200. Kegiatan revegetasi yang dilakukan adalah penanaman tanaman perintis berupa legume cover crop (LCC) atau famili polongan kemudian dilakukan penanaman pohon sengon. Dari kedua kegiatan tersebut didapatkan besar biaya langsung sejumlah Rp 3.220.195.600,00. Dari perhitungan biaya langsung tersebut didapatkan jumlah biaya tidak langsung sebesar Rp844.574.344,00 sehingga didapatkan total biaya reklamasi sebesar Rp4.064.769.944,00.
Kajian Teknis Produksi Alat Gali Muat Dan Alat Angkut Pada Kegiatan Pengupasan Overburden Di Pit Blok 4 PT Inti Bara Perdana, Kabupaten Bengkulu Tengah, Provinsi Bengkulu
Authors: Sabrina Sabrina , Gunawan Ketut , Dwinagara Barlian , Inmarlinianto Inmarlinianto , Saputro Kristanto Jiwo
Published: August 2023

PT Inti Bara Perdana (PT IBP) merupakan salah satu perusahaan pertambangan dengan komoditas batubara yang berada di Kecamatan Taba Penanjung, Kabupaten Bengkulu Tengah, Provinsi Bengkulu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi nilai produksi alat mekanis yang digunakan dalam pengupasan lapisan tanah penutup di tambang batubara Pit Blok 4 PT IBP. Target produksi sebesar 766.800 BCM/bulan yang ditetapkan pada bulan Januari 2023 tidak tercapai pada tiga unit excavator Caterpillar 395, yang merupakan unit terbesar perusahaan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan meliputi studi literatur, pengambilan data primer dan sekunder melalui observasi lapangan, serta pengolahan dan analisis data untuk menemukan solusi terhadap masalah yang ada. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai produksi alat gali muat dan alat angkut pada pengupasan overburden hanya mencapai 70% dan 69% dari target yang ditetapkan. Untuk meningkatkan produksi alat, dilakukan beberapa upaya perbaikan. Pertama, dilakukan perbaikan front penambangan dan menerapkan metode pemuatan double back-up loading. Selain itu, dilakukan penambahan jumlah curah pemuatan alat angkut pada fleet 2 dan fleet 3. Selanjutnya, dilakukan perbaikan lebar jalan angkut untuk meningkatkan waktu edar alat angkut, serta menggunakan simulasi rimpull untuk memperoleh nilai travel time baru. Setelah implementasi upaya perbaikan tersebut, hasil produksi secara teoritis mengalami peningkatan. Nilai produksi alat gali muat meningkat menjadi 775.106,35 BCM/bulan, sementara nilai produksi alat angkut meningkat menjadi 767.741,20 BCM/bulan. Persentase pencapaian produksi setelah perbaikan mencapai 101% dan 100% dari target produksi yang ditetapkan. Penelitian ini memberikan rekomendasi perbaikan terhadap faktor-faktor yang menyebabkan ketidakcapaian target produksi. Hasil penelitian ini dapat digunakan oleh PT IBP untuk meningkatkan nilai produksi alat pada setiap fleet penambangan, mencapai target produksi yang ditetapkan, dan mengatasi masalah yang dihadapi.
Kajian Teknis Produksi Alat Muat Dan Alat Angkut Pada Tambang Andesit Di Anugerah Bumi Cilacap Desa Buluhpayung, Kecamatan Kesugihan, Kabupaten Cilacap, Provinsi Jawa Tengah
Authors: Nabil Mochamad , Nurkhamim Nurkhamim , Gunawan Ketut, , Linggasari Shenny , Mawardi Aji
Published: August 2023

Anugerah Bumi Cilacap merupakan perusahaan yang bergerak di bidang pertambangan andesit dengansistem tambang terbuka (surface mining) yang berada di Kecamatan Kesugihan, Kabupaten Banyumas,Provinsi Jawa Tengah. Target produk yang ditetapkan untuk alat muat dan alat angkut adalah 10.000BCM/bulan. Alat mekanis yang digunakan yaitu Excavator Komatsu PC 200 dan Dump Truck Toyota Dyna130HT.Dikarenakan hasil actual yang didapat belum mencapai target produktivitas dikarenakanproduktivitas alat angkut yang belum memenuhi target yaitu 9.271 BCM/bulan (7.29% belum tercapai) danalat muat 6.527 BCM/bulan (34,74% belum tercapai). Oleh karena itu perlu dikaji factor yang menyebabkanproduktivitas alat muat dan angkut agar dapat mendekati target produktivitas.
PEMODELAN M-ADAPTIVE GENERALIZED POISSON REGRESSION SPLINE PADA KASUS MDR-TB DI KALIMANTAN BARAT
Authors: Irvandi Firzakalpa Syafiq , Debataraja Naomi Nessyana , Yudhi Yudhi
Published: August 2023

Tuberculosis is a disease caused by the Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Multi-Drug Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is the term used to describe Mycobacterium tuberculosis that is resistant to one or more Anti-TB drugs. This study aims to determine the factors that affect the number of patients recovering from MDR-TB, by modeling the number of MDR-TB cured patients using Multivariate Adaptive Generalized Poisson Regression Spline (MAGPRS) method. The predictor variables are the average age (X1), percentage of patients who fail category 2 treatment (X2), percentage of patients who fail category 1 treatment (X3), percentage of patients relapsed (X4), percentage of patients neglecting treatment (X5), and percentage history of close contact with other patients (X6). A combination of BF (Basis function), MI (Maximum interaction), and MO (Minimum observation), the BF value is two to four times of predictor variables, MI has value of 1,2, and 3, and MO has value of 0,1,2, and 3. From the result, the best model was obtained from the combination of BF=24, MI=3, and MO=1, with GCV values of 0,3504 and R2 of 88,3%, and there are 14 BF that affect the response variable . The most influential predictors variables in a row, are X6, X3, X5, and X2.
Metallic Glue for Ambient Environments Making Strides
Authors: Stagon Stephen , Knapp Alex , Elliott Paul , Huang Hanchen
Published: August 2023

Advancements in nanoscience are making it possible to metallically glue two solids together at room temperature, in air, and under a small amount of mechanical pressure. Metallic glues can serve as excellent conductors for heat dissipation and electrical current in electronic devices and also as leak-resistant seals for vacuum environments.
Linear Friction Welding Update: Lower Costs, Broader Applications
Authors: Eff Michael , Gould Jerry , Stotler Tim
Published: August 2023

Linear friction welding (LFW) is a solid-state process capable of joining noncircular parts by oscillating one part under load to create frictional heating. From joining railroad rails to producing strong aluminum-to-steel joints, recent advancements in LFW technology are reducing equipment costs and expanding potential uses.
Pioneers in Metal Research, Part IV
Authors: Simcoe Charles R.
Published: August 2023

Edgar Bain pioneered the study of the reaction of austenite to lower temperature phases during isothermal transformation, resulting in a new phase named in his honor—Bainite.
Magnesium Repair on Lightweight Aerospace Components
Authors: Kay Charles
Published: August 2023

This case study reviews the considerations in using magnesium thermal spray surfacing to repair a hydraulic pump pad.
Tribute to a Heat Treating Pioneer: George D. Pfaffmann, FASM, February 13, 1928-November 22, 2015
Authors: Ahmad Aquil
Published: August 2023

George Pfaffmann was highly regarded as a true leader and innovator in induction heating technology.
Using Vacuum Furnaces to Process 3D-Printed Parts
Authors: Hill Robert
Published: August 2023

Vacuum heat treating is a crucial step in the additive manufacturing process cycle to meet required part quality specifications.
Minimizing Alpha Case During Vacuum Furnace Heat Treating
Authors: Jordan Donald , Osterman Virginia
Published: August 2023

Understanding detrimental alpha case formation during heat treatment of titanium parts is increasingly important as titanium use in aerospace and medical applications continues to grow.
Overview of Popular Materials Testing Systems
Authors: Semrau Markus
Published: August 2023

Materials testing systems must be robust and flexible, capable of determining the mechanical properties of a broad range of materials and components ranging from metals to composites and from plastics to natural, bio-based materials. This article provides an overview of electromechanical testing systems, servohydraulic systems, and vibrophores for high cycle fatigue testing.
Distributed, Connected Everything: It’s Already Happening
Authors: Chance Sam , Paul Clare
Published: August 2023

The Materials Genome Initiative aims to enable discovery, manufacture, and deployment of advanced materials twice as fast as using traditional development methodologies, at a fraction of the cost. This article explores how semantic technologies address three of the key challenges outlined in the MGI Strategic Plan.
Integrated Steel Industry, Part I
Authors: Simcoe Charles R.
Published: August 2023

The beginning of the big integrated steel industry began with the formation of the United States steel corporation in 1901. This article describes the growth of the U.S. steel industry in the first half of the twentieth century.
Field Assisted Sintering Technology Update, Part II
Authors: Singh Jogender , Haines Chris
Published: August 2023

Field assisted sintering technology (FAST) enables hybrid components for aerospace to be designed with reduced weight and without sacrificing performance. FAST can be used to produce metal, ceramic, and composite components with tailored properties via a powder metallurgy approach. In many cases, it is a one-step, cost-effective manufacturing process for production of net-shape components.
Research Progress: Nondestructive Measurement Techniques
Authors: Sisson Rick , Apelian Diran
Published: August 2023

This article provides an update on a three-year three research project by the Center for Heat Treating Excellence aimed at establishing nondestructive techniques for measuring surface hardness and case depth on carburized steels for process verification and control.
Biocomposite Materials for Orthopedic Sports Medicine Implants
Authors: Spenciner David
Published: August 2023

A recent advance in the evolutionary ladder of materials for orthopedic sports medicine applications involves composites made of one or more bioabsorbable polymers. This article describes preclinical and clinical results for a specific formulation comprising 30% beta tricalcium phoshate and 70% poly(lactide-coglycolide) polymer.
The Integrated Steel Industry, Part II
Authors: Simcoe Charles R.
Published: August 2023

Integration of the steel industry continued with the rise of Bethlehem Steel Corporation.
Neutron Characterization of Additively Manufactured Inconel 718
Authors: Bilheux Hassina , Song Gian , An Ke , Bilheux Jean , Stoica Alexandru , Kirka Michael , Dehoff Ryan , Santodonato Louis , Gorti Sarma , Radhakrishnan Balasubramaniam , Xie Qingge
Published: August 2023

Recent advances in neutron sources and detector technologies enable new contrast mechanisms to determine crystalline information for metal components. This new capability can help validate emerging additive manufacturing processes used to produce parts with complex geometries.
Aerosol Method for Room Temperature Thick-Film Deposition
Authors: Sarobol Pylin , Vackel Andrew , Adamczyk Jesse , Holmes Thomas , Rodriguez Mark , Griego James , Blea Mia , Brown-Shaklee Harlan
Published: August 2023

Aerosol deposition offers an alternative to conventional thin film processes when mesoscale coatings are needed. The process is being used to create readily integrated, high density ceramic and metallic thick films on a variety of substrates at room temperature.
Obtaining Nadcap Accreditation: Helpful Guidelines for Passing Your Audit, Part III
Authors: Durham Nathan
Published: August 2023

The Nadcap accreditation process ensures that manufacturers performing heat treating and other special processes adhere to consistent, high-quality standards. This final article in the series looks at the official audit process, auditor interactions, and completing the official audit.
РОЗРОБКА МАТЕМАТИЧНОЇ МОДЕЛІ ЗАПАЛЬНОї ЗДАТНОСТІ НИЗЬКОВОЛЬТНИХ ВИМІРЮВАЛЬНИХ КІЛ
Authors: Лопатін В. В.
Published: August 2023

У статті отримано нові наукові знання про процес запалювання вибухонебезпечної суміші низьковольтним вимірювальним коло (НВК), на основі яких у перспективі могли б розробити досконаліший галузевий документ, наприклад, новий ДСТУ або ДЕСТ.

Прямий спосіб електровимірювальної оцінки іскробезпеки досконаліший, оскільки дозволяє безпосередньо визначити максимум енергії електричного розряду за час, встановлений критерієм, тобто параметр, що визначає займисту здатність електричного розряду електричного ланцюга НВК. Труднощі реалізації такого підходу полягають в складності створення електричної моделі розряду, що копіює реальний розряд у НВК, яка повністю відповідала б реальному іскроутворенню і враховувала б найбільш небезпечні шахтні умови вугільного вибою.

Пропонується спосіб непрямого контролю вимірювання параметра, що визначає запальну здатність електричного розряду НВЦ. Отримано просту аналітичну залежність, що дозволяє з достатньою для практики точністю оцінити запальну здатність НВЦ від його довжини. Запропоновано спосіб класичного моделювання запальної здатності НВЦ, а також оригінальний спосіб імітаційного моделювання. У статті показано апробацію даних досліджень на двох зарубіжних конференціях та інтерес до них зарубіжних колег в Австралії та Іраку.
ПРОГНОЗУВАННЯ ОБ’ЄМНОЇ ПРОДУКТИВНОСТІ НАГНІТАЧА ІЗ ВИКОРИСТАННЯМ МЕТОДІВ КЛАСТЕРИЗАЦІЇ
Authors: Когутяк М. І. , Гарасимів В. М. , Магас Д. М.
Published: August 2023

В даній роботі розглянуто методи прогнозування значень об’ємної продуктивності відцентрового нагнітача, в основі яких лежить підхід кластеризації. Їхня перевага над існуючими методами прогнозування полягає в тому, що вони враховують хаотичну складову експериментальних даних та включають в себе сучасні інформаційні технології (нечітку логіку, нейронні мережі, генетичні алгоритми). Завдяки великої кількості ітераційних підходів значення похибки цільової функції поступово зменшується до бажаного значення, що забезпечує досить хорошу якість прогнозування.

Метод прогнозування на основі алгоритму Fuzzy C-Means, який базується на розв’язанні нечітких с-середніх, реалізовано в програмному середовищі Matlab. Для даного методу кількість кластерів рівна двадцяти, а кількість ітераційний підходів коливається в межах ста. Обчислено величину середньоквадратичного відхилення, яка рівна 0.036816.

 Також розглянуто інший метод прогнозування значень об’ємної продуктивності відцентрового нагнітача, який побудовано на основі алгоритму субтрактивної нечіткої кластеризації. Нечіткі правила синтезовано автономно із експериментальних даних, а для побудови нечіткої бази правил використано модель типу Сугено. Для кожної точки розраховано значення потенціалу, що показує можливість формування кластера в його околиці. Центри кластерів вибрано ітераційно серед точок з максимальними потенціалами. Встановлено, що значення середньоквадратичного відхилення для даного методу рівне 0.024289. Отримані результати підтверджують хорошу степінь збіжності експериментальних значань до прогнозованих.

Експериментальні дані, які використовувалися для апробації запропонованих методів, отримано при експлуатації відцентрового нагнітача типу 16 ГЦ2-395/53-76С у Долинському лінійному виробничому управлінні магістральними газопроводами за листопад місяць 2014 року.