bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation Is Involved in Geniposide‐Induced Hepatotoxicity
Authors: Liu Yixuan , Liu Baoyue , Shi Mingzhu , Ye Tianxiang , Li Huifang
Published: February 2025

Background: Geniposide, a prominent iridoid glycoside derived from Gardenia jasminoides J. Ellis, has garnered attention due to its association with hepatotoxicity despite its well‐documented pharmacological efficacy in preclinical and clinical contexts. The NOD‐like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is implicated in numerous pathological conditions, including drug‐induced liver injury. This study aims to explore the involvement of the NLRP3 inflammasome in geniposide‐induced liver toxicity.

Methods: Rats were administered geniposide for 5 days, concurrently treated with or without glibenclamide (GLY), an in vivo inhibitor of NLRP3. In vitro, HL‐7702 cells were exposed to genipin (a metabolite of geniposide via hepatointestinal circulation), with or without GLY supplement. Liver tissue was examined through pathological sections. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), γ‐glutamyl transpeptidase (γ‐GT), and total bilirubin (T‐Bil) levels were determined using the enzyme plate method. IL‐1β and IL‐18 levels in the supernatant and serum were quantified through ELISA. Apoptosis‐associated speck‐like protein (ASC), NLRP3, caspase‐1, pro‐IL‐1β, and pro‐IL‐18 mRNA levels in cells or the liver were assessed by RT‐PCR. Protein levels of ASC, NLRP3, caspase‐1, pro‐IL‐1β, and pro‐IL‐18 in cells or the liver were analyzed by Western blot.

Results: Rats treated with geniposide displayed notable liver damage characterized by inflammatory infiltration, elevated serum transaminases, and heightened levels of inflammatory factors IL‐1β and IL‐18. This liver damage was concomitant with NLRP3 inflammasome activation within the liver. Furthermore, genipin induction led to reduced cell viability, increased transaminases in the cell supernatant, and an upsurge in inflammatory factors, resulting in heightened NLRP3 inflammasome expression within the cells. However, GLY effectively curtailed excessive NLRP3 activation, dampened the production of inflammatory factors IL‐1β and IL‐18, and ameliorated liver damage caused by geniposide.

Conclusions: Our findings collectively elucidate that geniposide induces hepatotoxicity by triggering NLRP3 inflammasome signaling. Inhibition of the inflammasome presents a promising novel therapeutic target for mitigating geniposide‐induced hepatotoxicity.
Waist Circumference, a Body Shape Index, and Molecular Subtypes of Colorectal Cancer: A Pooled Analysis of Four Cohort Studies
Authors: Chalitsios Christos V. , Markozannes Georgios , Papagiannopoulos Christos , Aglago Elom K. , Berndt Sonja I. , Buchanan Daniel D. , Campbell Peter T. , Cao Yin , Chan Andrew T. , Dimou Niki , Drew David A. , French Amy J. , Georgeson Peter , Giannakis Marios , Gruber Stephen B. , Gunter Marc J. , Harrison Tabitha A. , Hoffmeister Michael , Hsu Li , Huang Wen-Yi , Hullar Meredith A.J. , Huyghe Jeroen R. , Lynch Brigid M. , Moreno Victor , Newton Christina C. , Nowak Jonathan A. , Obón-Santacana Mireia , Ogino Shuji , Qu Conghui , Schmit Stephanie L. , Steinfelder Robert S. , Sun Wei , Thomas Claire E. , Toland Amanda E. , Trinh Quang M. , Ugai Tomotaka , Um Caroline Y. , Van Guelpen Bethany , Zaidi Syed H. , Murphy Neil , Peters Ulrike , Phipps Amanda I. , Tsilidis Konstantinos K.
Published: February 2025

Background:

Waist circumference (WC) and its allometric counterpart, “a body shape index” (ABSI), are risk factors for colorectal cancer; however, it is uncertain whether associations with these body measurements are limited to specific molecular subtypes of the disease.

Methods:

Data from 2,772 colorectal cancer cases and 3,521 controls were pooled from four cohort studies within the Genetics and Epidemiology of Colorectal Cancer Consortium. Four molecular markers (BRAF mutation, KRAS mutation, CpG island methylator phenotype, and microsatellite instability) were analyzed individually and in combination (Jass types). Multivariable logistic and multinomial logistic models were used to assess the associations of WC and ABSI with overall colorectal cancer risk and, in case-only analyses, to evaluate heterogeneity by molecular subtype, respectively.

Results:

Higher WC (ORper 5 cm = 1.06, 95% confidence interval, 1.04–1.09) and ABSI (ORper 1-SD = 1.07, 95% confidence interval, 1.00–1.14) were associated with elevated colorectal cancer risk. There was no evidence of heterogeneity between the molecular subtypes. No difference was observed regarding the influence of WC and ABSI on the four major molecular markers in proximal colon, distal colon, and rectal cancers, as well as in early- and late-onset colorectal cancers. Associations did not differ in the Jass-type analysis.

Conclusions:

Higher WC and ABSI were associated with elevated colorectal cancer risk; however, they do not differentially influence all four major molecular mutations involved in colorectal carcinogenesis but underscore the importance of maintaining a healthy body weight in colorectal cancer prevention.

Impact:

The proposed results have potential utility in colorectal cancer prevention.
First-Line Apatinib Combined with Tislelizumab and Chemotherapy for Patients with Advanced Gastric and Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma with Poor Prognosis
Authors: Zhang Wenjie , Wang Jing , Shi Wei , Qiu Hu , Ke Shaobo , Tian Yuanyuan , Gong Yi , Zhang Caiyutian , Chen Jiamei , Wu Yong , Zhao Wensi , Chen Yongshun
Published: February 2025

In this prospective, open-label, exploratory study (RENMIN-213), patients with previously untreated, HER2-negative, advanced G/GEJ adenocarcinoma with signet ring cell carcinoma or peritoneal metastasis were enrolled to receive eight cycles of apatinib, tislelizumab, and chemotherapy every 3 weeks, with a maintenance therapy with apatinib plus tislelizumab for a maximum of 1 year. Homogeneous patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors combined with chemotherapy at the same time were deemed as the control group for efficacy. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival. Secondary endpoints were objective response rate, disease control rate, duration of response, overall survival, biomarkers, health-related quality of life, and safety. A total of 33 patients [median (range) age, 60 (32–72) years; 21 (63.6%) male; 11 (33.3%) signet ring cell carcinoma; 30 (90.9%) peritoneal metastasis] were enrolled and deemed evaluable for efficacy analysis. Of these patients, 32 (97%) were without disease progression, of whom 1 (3.0%) patient had complete response and 18 (54.6%) had partial response. Six patients (18.2%) were able to undergo surgery after treatment. After propensity score matching, the median progression-free survival was 10.17 months (95% confidence interval, 7.13–13.21) in the apatinib combined with tislelizumab and chemotherapy group, as compared with 6.0 months in the immune checkpoint inhibitor combined with chemotherapy group. The median duration of response increased from 4.5 to 8.7 months. The objective response rate increased from 33.3% to 54.6%, and the disease control rate increased from 87.9% to 97.0%. Treatment-related grade 3 or higher adverse events for evaluable patients occurred in 11 patients (33.3%), and patients’ health-related quality of life improved after treatment.
Table 1 from Loss of NF1 Accelerates Uveal and Intradermal Melanoma Tumorigenesis, and Oncogenic GNAQ Transforms Schwann Cells
Authors: Longakit Anne Nathalie , Urtatiz Oscar , Luty Amy , Zhang Christina , Hess Chloe , Yoo Alyssa , Bourget Hannah , Van Raamsdonk Catherine D.
Published: February 2025

115 intradermal melanocytic lesions with available 17q11.2 copy-number status
Supplementary Figure 7 from Loss of NF1 Accelerates Uveal and Intradermal Melanoma Tumorigenesis, and Oncogenic GNAQ Transforms Schwann Cells
Authors: Longakit Anne Nathalie , Urtatiz Oscar , Luty Amy , Zhang Christina , Hess Chloe , Yoo Alyssa , Bourget Hannah , Van Raamsdonk Catherine D.
Published: February 2025

Supplementary Figure 7
Supplementary Figure 5 from Loss of NF1 Accelerates Uveal and Intradermal Melanoma Tumorigenesis, and Oncogenic GNAQ Transforms Schwann Cells
Authors: Longakit Anne Nathalie , Urtatiz Oscar , Luty Amy , Zhang Christina , Hess Chloe , Yoo Alyssa , Bourget Hannah , Van Raamsdonk Catherine D.
Published: February 2025

Supplementary Figure 5
Figure 3 from Loss of NF1 Accelerates Uveal and Intradermal Melanoma Tumorigenesis, and Oncogenic GNAQ Transforms Schwann Cells
Authors: Longakit Anne Nathalie , Urtatiz Oscar , Luty Amy , Zhang Christina , Hess Chloe , Yoo Alyssa , Bourget Hannah , Van Raamsdonk Catherine D.
Published: February 2025

Comparison of cutaneous tumor numbers, location on the body, and effect on body weight. A, Proportion of mice with a large tumor by Nf1 genotype. B, The number and location of large tumors in affected mice in study, organized by Nf1 genotype. C, Summary of locations of large tumors by tumor type. D, Proportion of intradermal melanomas vs. sparse pigment tumors by Nf1 genotype. E, Percent weight loss at mouse endpoint by tumor type or lack thereof.
Early-onset peritonitis and outcomes of peritoneal dialysis: A cohort study with data from the RDPLF
Authors: Poulain Lucas , Bechade Clémence , Lanot Antoine , Ficheux Maxence , Guillouet Sonia , Lobbedez Thierry , Boyer Annabel
Published: February 2025

Introduction
Peritonitis occurring within the first months on peritoneal dialysis (PD) has been associated with poorer PD outcomes. Whether early peritonitis is a risk factor for transfer to haemodialysis in the long term is a matter of investigation.

Methods
This retrospective study was conducted using data from the French Language PD Registry of incident PD patients between 2002 and 2018. Early-onset peritonitis (EOP) was defined as peritonitis occurring during the first 3 months on PD. Our hypothesis was that EOP was associated with an increased risk of transfer to haemodialysis during the first months on PD but that it was no longer associated with an increased risk of transfer to haemodialysis several months after the start of PD. The associations between EOP and the different outcomes were explored via time-dependent coefficient Cox regression and Fine and Gray regression.

Results
EOP was associated with an increased risk of PD cessation by transfer to haemodialysis within the first 12 months of PD and beyond (<12 months cs-HR 1.50, 95% CI 1.36–1.66 and >12 months cs-HR 1.17, 95% CI 1.06–1.28, respectively).

Conclusion
EOP is associated with a greater risk of PD cessation due to transfer to haemodialysis, especially within the first year after peritonitis occurrence, and with a persistent effect in the long term. Reducing or delaying EOP, notably through its systematic reporting and monitoring as a KPI to help in the implementation of QIPs, could have a favourable impact on patient-level outcomes.
Microstructural maturation of the splenium of corpus callosum and cognitive and motor outcome in very preterm infants
Authors: Winkler Ira , Posod Anna , Gizewski Elke Ruth , Mangesius Stephanie , Neubauer Vera , Pupp Peglow Ulrike , Kiechl-Kohlendorfer Ursula , Griesmaier Elke
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Common brain injuries of preterm infants do not entirely explain the incidence of neurodevelopmental impairment observed in this population. Evidence suggests an association with microstructural maturation of the splenium of corpus callosum. This study aimed to investigate a correlation between microstructural maturation of the splenium of corpus callosum and neurodevelopmental outcome in very preterm infants.
Method: In a cohort study of 373 very preterm infants, we used fractional anisotropy (FA) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) derived from diffusion tensor imaging at term equivalent age (TEA) to quantitatively reflect microstructural maturation of the splenium of corpus callosum, and standardized follow-up assessments of cognitive and motor function at 24 months corrected age and five years chronological age. Correlation was tested by Spearman rank´s correlation coefficients and multivariate regression analysis.
Results: At 24 months, we found significantly lower FA and higher ADC values in infants with abnormal mental indices, psychomotor developmental indices and fine motor function. Scores of all three correlated positively with FA and negatively with ADC. Aged five years, lower FA values correlated significantly with abnormal overall motor function, and higher ADC values correlated significantly with abnormal full scale intelligence quotient (FSIQ) and overall motor function. Scores of FSIQ, overall and fine motor function correlated negatively with ADC.
Conclusion: The results emphasize an association between microstructural maturation of the splenium of corpus callosum at TEA and neurodevelopmental outcome, and suggest that ADC may be more strongly linked to these outcomes than FA, especially in the long-term.
Analysis of immune related adverse events of pembrolizumab using FAERS database
Authors: Tan Feilong , Zhou Li , Huang Guijiang , Li Yanhua , Yin Wenjie , Xia Hongying
Published: February 2025

Objective: This study aims to investigate the risk signals associated with pembrolizumab and provide references for its safe and rational clinical use.
Methods: Data on adverse events (AEs) related to pembrolizumab, reported from July 2014 to September 2023, were extracted from the US FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database. Data mining was conducted using the Proportional Reporting Ratio (PRR) method. AEs were classified and analyzed according to the System Organ Class (SOC) and Preferred Term (PT) from the Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities (version 26.1).
Results: A total of 37,511 AE reports related to pembrolizumab were identified, involving 5,259 PTs and 22 SOCs. Using the PRR method, 931 positive signals were detected. The top 10 risk signals for pembrolizumab were all immune-related adverse events (irAEs) and important medical events (IMEs). The five PTs with the highest signal intensity were immune-mediated hypothyroidism, immune-mediated renal disorder, immune-mediated hepatic disorder, immune-mediated gastritis, and immune-mediated hyperthyroidism. The leading SOCs involved in AE reports were general disorders and administration site conditions (8,184; 14.11%), investigations (5,333; 9.19%), gastrointestinal disorders (4,962; 8.55%), respiratory, thoracic, and mediastinal disorders (4,937; 7.57%), and injury, poisoning, and procedural complications (3,611; 6.22%). The median time to onset of AE was 25 days (IQR 6-85 days), with the Weibull distribution test indicating an early failure-type curve. Gender and age analysis revealed that women were more likely to develop hypertension, alopecia, headache, hypothyroidism, and palmar-plantar erythrodysaesthesia syndrome, whereas men were more likely to develop interstitial lung disease, renal impairment, and death. Additionally, neutropenia was more prevalent in patients under 65 years of age, while interstitial lung disease and renal impairment were more common in patients aged 65 and above.
Conclusion: Significant age- and gender-related differences were observed in AE signals with pembrolizumab, particularly for irAEs. Clinical attention should be directed towards the potential occurrence of irAEs at the initial stages of drug administration, with appropriate measures implemented as necessary.
Long-term survival of node-positive breast cancer with complete nodal response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy treated with sentinel lymph node biopsy alone: A meta-analysis
Authors: Ding Yunfeng , Wu Wanbo , Ni Xiaofeng , Wang Zhanwei
Published: February 2025

Introduction: There exist concerns regarding the use of sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy alone in node-positive breast cancer patients who have a clinical/radiological complete response in the axilla and are negative on histopathology after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT). We hereby conducted a meta-analysis examining 5-year overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) of such patients.
Methods: PubMed, the Cochrane CENTRAL library, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus were searched up to 30th July 2024 for studies reporting survival data. OS and DFS were pooled in a meta-analysis. Subgroup analysis was conducted based on the location of the study, pre-NACT node assessment, and SLN mapping technique. Random-effects meta-regression was conducted for the following moderators: age, initial T3-4, initial N2-3, breast-conserving surgery, breast pathological complete response (pCR), number of SLN removed, adjuvant radiotherapy, endocrine therapy, and follow-up
Results: 16 studies with 5249 patients were included. Meta-analysis showed that node-positive breast cancer patients showing nodal pCR after NACT and undergoing only SLN biopsy had a 5-year OS and DFS of 94% (95% CI: 92%, 96%) and 89% (95% CI: 87%, 92%) respectively. There was not much variation in the survival rate on sensitivity and subgroup analyses. Meta-regression showed that OS and DFS were higher in studies with a greater number of patients receiving endocrine therapy.
Conclusion: Breast cancer patients with cN+ who achieve a complete clinical/radiological axillary response after NACT and subsequently become SLN biopsy negative may have high rates of DFS and OS after 5 years. Given the high degree of heterogeneity, results should be interpreted with caution. We do not recommend change in treatment plans given the high risk of bias and large heterogeneity in the patient population included in the studies. Only high-quality large multicentric randomised trials can provide better evidence.
The challenge of calculating EUSOMA quality indicators with administrative data – A pilot study in Belgium
Authors: Leroy Roos , De Gendt Cindy , Bourgeois Jolyce , Verbeeck Julie , Savoye Isabelle , Van Damme Nancy , Stordeur Sabine , De Visschere Pieter , Taylor Donatienne , Wildiers Hans , Canon Jean-Luc , Carly Birgit , Cusumano Pino G. , de Azambuja Evandro , Desreux Joëlle , Duhoux Francois P. , van Dam Peter , Verhoeven Didier , Veldeman Liv
Published: February 2025

Introduction: The study aimed to assess the feasibility of calculating the European Society of Breast Cancer Specialists (EUSOMA) quality indicators (QIs) using Belgian cancer registry data coupled to administrative health data, and to provide national results.
Methods: Women diagnosed with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) or invasive breast cancer (IBC) in 2014-2018 were selected from the cancer registry. Fourteen EUSOMA QIs were chosen to assess the quality of care.
Results: Overall, 46,035 patients with IBC and 3,973 patients with DCIS were included. Most QIs had to be rephrased so that they could be calculated with the available data. None of the selected QIs on systemic treatment could be calculated due to a lack of reliable receptor status information. For some QIs there is ample room for improvement in Belgian clinical practice: cTNM stage reporting, multidisciplinary team meetings, sentinel lymph-node biopsy only in IBC with clinically negative lymph nodes. The result was 1-5% lower than the target for mammography and breast ultrasound, pTNM reporting, start of treatment, single breast surgery in DCIS, and no axillary clearance in DCIS. For histological or cytological assessment, receptor status assessment, start of radiotherapy, and single breast surgery in IBC, the results were at or above the target.
Conclusion: Several EUSOMA QIs can be calculated with routinely collected data, while for several important aspects of care additional data collection is indicated so that its quality can be assessed. The validity of the obtained results depends on the reporting accuracy.
Cognitive function among people with severe substance use
Authors: Auestad Nina , Bogstrand Stig Tore , Vallersnes Odd Martin , Lerdal Anners , Wüsthoff Linda Elise Couëssurel
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Studies report a high variability of cognitive impairment in people who use drugs,
ranging from 20% to 80%. Most research focus on individuals who use drugs who are either admitted
to treatment facilities or incarcerated and being abstinent from substances. The present study aimed to
assess cognitive function among populations with ongoing, severe, habitual substance use, mimicking a
real-world day-to-day situation. Methods: Cross-sectional design with 171 participants (70.2% male)
with severe substance use, recruited from two sites in Oslo, Norway. All participants were screened for
cognitive function using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). A cutoff of < 26 points was
used to classify possible cognitive impairment. Participants also provided information on their alcohol
and substance use, as well as demographic data. Results: 74.9% of the participants scored below the
MoCA cutoff for possible cognitive impairment. We did not find any associations between scoring
below the MoCA cutoff <26 and the substance use variables (substance use, number of substances
used, history of overdoses, injection drug use, and past substance use treatment). Conclusion: A high
proportion of people with severe substance use may experience a functional cognitive impairment.
This study provides novel insights into cognitive function within a population actively engaged in
habitual substance use, offering a real-world perspective with high external validity. This knowledge is
highly relevant for service providers who aim to deliver tailored follow-up services to this population
outside of traditional treatment settings.
Efficacy of Dose Escalation of Ustekinumab in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Rehman Mohammad Ebad Ur , Tahir Ammara , Hussain Amna , Ali Aizaz , Bin Gulzar Abu Huraira , Khan Abdul Qadeer , Sajjad Maha , Shahid Fatima , Zahid Shahroon , Aslam Ummara , Bin Yasin Talha , Bilal Aqsa , Fatima Tehreem , Hameed Muhammad Sheraz , Haider Tehseen , Saeed Sajeel , Nashwan Abdulqadir J.
Published: February 2025

Background: Ustekinumab is an effective drug in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), but inadequate response or loss of response is reported in several patients. Dose escalation by intravenous reinduction or interval shortening may be a suitable option to recapture response. We undertook a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the efficacy of dose escalation in IBD patients receiving ustekinumab. Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted on PubMed, Embase, Clinicaltrails.gov and Cochrane from inception to June 1st, 2024. We conducted a proportional meta-analysis on MetaXL. Our primary outcomes were clinical response and clinical remission. Results: Twenty-eight articles were included (n = 2,129 patients). Eighteen studies (692 patients out of 1,218) reported clinical response, with pooled prevalence of 55% (95% CI: 46% - 65%). Out of 1,041 patients, 524 showed clinical remission with pooled prevalence of 51% (95%CI: 42% - 59%). Conclusion: This systematic review and meta-analysis showcased promising results, in terms of clinical response and remission, in IBD patients receiving dose escalation of ustekinumab.
Functionality and Quality of Life Within the Speech-Language Pathology Assessment Context: Analysis From the Structural Equation Modeling Perspective
Authors: Borges Marina Garcia de Souza , Medeiros Adriane Mesquita de , Lemos Stela Maris Aguiar
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Quality of life and functionality are relevant in an approach based on the biopsychosocial model. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess the influence of clinical, sociodemographic, and functionality aspects on the quality of life of children and adolescents undergoing speech-language evaluation. Methods: Cross-sectional analytical observational study conducted with 84 Brazilian children and adolescents. The Brazilian Economic Classification Criteria and the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory 4.0™ were applied, and data were collected on sex, complaints, SPL diagnostic hypothesis, as well as on the Body Functions, Activities and Participation, and Environmental Factors components of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). Factor analysis and structural equation modeling were used for data analysis, with a 5% significance level applied to the final models. Results: Male sex and clinical-care variables had a direct and negative influence on functionality in the first two models (p < 0.05). Activities and Participation had a positive direct effect on self-reported quality of life (p = 0.031; β = 0.282) and parent/caregiver-reported quality of life (p = 0.003; β = 0.387). Parent-reported quality of life was negatively influenced by complaints of oro-facial motricity alterations, while self-reported quality of life was positively influenced by the diagnostic hypothesis of speech disorders. Conclusion: The results show that sex and clinical-care complaints negatively influenced functionality, while Activities and Participation positively influenced quality of life. The use of structural equation modeling proved to be an important strategy for analyzing ICF and quality of life in SLP practice.
Predicting hearing aids outcomes using machine learning
Authors: Roger Pauline , Lespargot Thomas , Boiteux Catherine , Bailly-Masson Eric , Auberger Fabien , Mouysset Sandrine , Fraysse Bernard
Published: February 2025

Introduction The aim of this study is to measure the effectiveness of hearing aid fitting in improving understanding in quiet and in noise, and to investigate the factors that significantly influence these results. This study will be carried out through a retrospective analysis of the results obtained from patients fitted with hearing aids at hearing-aid centers between 2018 and 2021. This study explores and classifies the predictive factors of patient outcomes, looking at the impact of the choice of hearing aid technology (category level), the personalized adjustments made by the hearing care professional (amplification level, binaural loudness balancing) and the patient follow-up and daily use (data logging).
Methods Hearing impaired people were fitted in hearing-aid centers from 2018 to 2021. This included 77,661 patients. In the first part of the study, the data are statistically analyzed, and various correlations are studied. Then, machine learning and feature explanatory algorithms are used for prediction, in particular, a neural network based on PyTorch and the eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost). For explanatory power, the SHapley Additive exPlanation (SHAP) method was used to evaluate the individual contribution of each variable.
Results Using predictive models (SHAP value and XGBoost), the effect of technology level on Speech Perception In Noise (SPIN) and Speech Perception In Quiet (SPIQ) scores is significant, and binaural loudness compensation is significant for improving test results by the same amount. Finally, linear relationships were found between the initial Speech Noise Ratio (SNR) and the adjusted SNR, as well as for the Speech Recognition Threshold (SRT). Finally, the effect of wearing hearing aids for more than 9 hours per day was analyzed and resulted in better recovery. This is a retrospective study. This bias is compensated by the large amount of data.
Conclusion Big data analysis is a new method to evaluate predictive factors for hearing aid outcomes.
Primary Breast Lymphoma in a Young Female: Non-Hodgkin’s Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma in the Presence of Intact Breast Prostheses
Authors: Al-Bitar Ahmad , Zahreddin Amnah , Shwin Mohammed , Barbar Abdullah , Dirani Alaa
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Primary breast lymphoma (PBL) is a rare non-Hodgkin lymphoma, predominantly presenting as diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and primarily affecting the breast, often misdiagnosed due to its nonspecific symptoms resembling breast carcinoma. Breast implants are among the most frequently used medical devices for esthetic and reconstructive purposes. Case Presentation: We present a 24-year-old female with a growing breast mass who was diagnosed with PBL (non-Hodgkin’s DLBCL). She underwent successful R-CHOP chemotherapy, resulting in complete remission. Follow-up imaging showed no distant metastasis or significant residual disease, with silicone implants intact and no pathological uptake. Conclusion: PBL is a rare malignancy that primarily affects postmenopausal women, with diagnosis relying on radiologic investigations and histopathology due to its clinical and imaging similarities to breast carcinoma. Treatment is controversial and often involves rituximab-based chemotherapy, intrathecal methotrexate, and radiotherapy, with improved outcomes observed in recent years.
Uma discussão sobre uniões monetárias
Authors: Gonçalves Carlos Eduardo Scares
Published: February 2025

The study of monetary unions has been rendered even more relevant following the recent establishment of the broad European Monetary Union. This article surveys and discusses an ample economic literature regarding this line of research. A bunch of contributions, both empirical and theoretical, are revised and linked in a consistent fashion. Deliberate emphasis is given to the last two decades of academic research.
Coordinación macroeconómica en el MERCOSUR: algunas definiciones y prescripciones de política económica para una unión monetaria prospectiva
Authors: Jacobo Alejandro D.
Published: February 2025

This paper provides some definitions and policy prescriptions for a prospective monetary union, i.e. a monetary union that may occur in a future in the MERCOSUR. In doing so, the paper assumes that the most accurate and pragmatical option is to carry out a monetary cooperation strategy, through which the countries share their common sights about macroeconomic policies, and then to advance until higher integration degrees are achieved.
Exploratory analysis of studies related to burn injuries, based on the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health: a systematic review
Authors: Santuzzi Cíntia Helena , Liberato Fernanda Mayrink Gonçalves , Oliveira Néville Ferreira Fachini de , Nascimento Alysson Sgrancio do , Nascimento Lucas Rodrigues
Published: February 2025

Objetivo: Esse estudo teve como objetivo explorar as características dos estudos que utilizaram a Classificação Internacional de Funcionalidade, Incapacidade e Saúde (CIF) para compreender a saúde e a funcionalidade após queimaduras. Método: Foi realizada uma pesquisa exploratória baseada em uma revisão sistemática. Uma descrição qualitativa dos estudos sobre design, propósito, participantes e medidas foi fornecida. Dados descritivos foram fornecidos para analisar as características dos periódicos em que os estudos foram publicados. Resultado: A estratégia de busca eletrônica identificou 4.032 artigos e 20 estudos foram incluídos. A maioria dos estudos foi classificada como conceitual (42%) ou revisão da literatura (42%) e o objetivo da maioria dos estudos (84%) foi descrever os instrumentos e resultados usando a CIF como uma estrutura conceitual. A população de interesse foi predominantemente composta por adultos (42%) e o percentual de corpo queimado variou de 1 a 72%. Dentre todos os estudos, foram citados 119 instrumentos de medida. Todos os estudos foram publicados em revistas indexadas no Pubmed, abrangendo as categorias médica e de reabilitação. Conclusão: A maioria dos estudos forneceu apenas uma categorização dos instrumentos de acordo com os domínios da CIF. Observou-se grande heterogeneidade em relação aos resultados e à população, e as pesquisas ainda estão focadas nas estruturas e funções do corpo, em vez de entender como as queimaduras influenciam as atividades diárias e a participação.
Tradução e adaptação transcultural do Questionnaire for Persons with a Transfemoral Amputation (Q-TFA), para a língua portuguesa do Brasil
Authors: Batista Pâmella Karolline Araújo , Silva Suzana Lins da , Silva Rafael Anderson Carneiro da , Ferreira Tiago Leitão Bessa
Published: February 2025

Objective: To translate, cross-culturally adapt and FACE validation of the Questionnaire for Persons with a Transfemoral Amputation (Q-TFA) into Brazilian Portuguese. Method: The Q-TFA translation and cross-cultural adaptation process was defined according to the operationalization proposed by Beaton, Reichenheim and Moraes, with the following stages: direct translation by two native bilingual translators of the target language and synthesis of the versions; reverse translation by two native bilingual translators of the source language and synthesis of the versions; submission to a panel of five experts; and pre-testing with thirty-five participants. An internal consistency assessment was also carried out using Cronbach's alpha, assuming a value ≥0.70 as acceptable. Results: During the process some distinctions were found, such as pronominal use and verb tense, but the translations were similar, and the terms were synonymous. This situation was remedied by making consensual adjustments to the questionnaire. The vast majority of experts agreed and preferred the semantic equivalence of the alternatives. In the pre-test phase, the translated items were assessed as clear and easy to understand by all the patients. The total value of Cronbach's alpha was 0.93, proving to be statistically significant and reliable. Conclusion: The process of translating and cross-culturally adapting the Q-TFA revealed that it was adapted to the cultural reality of Brazilians with transfemoral amputation and showed good reliability. It is worth noting that there is a need to continue the research to verify other psychometric properties in the evaluation of the instrument in a larger sample.
Análise do perfil epidemiológico dos pacientes com paralisia cerebral em um centro de reabilitação
Authors: Kim Angela Hyun Ji , Suzuki Vanessa Clicia Mihana Saito , Carvalho Mariana Cavazzoni Lima de , Sugawara André Tadeu
Published: February 2025

Objetivo: Analisar o perfil epidemiológico dos pacientes com paralisia cerebral atendidos no Instituto de Medicina Física e Reabilitação do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo no período entre janeiro de 2020 a junho de 2023, delimitando as principais causas e complicações associadas. Método: Estudo clínico quantitativo observacional retrospectivo com levantamento de prontuário, verificando-se fatores como idade, gênero, etiologia, padrão motor, tônus, GMFCS, complicações, tecnologias assistivas. Resultados: A amostra do estudo foi composta por 74 pacientes observando-se predomínio da faixa etária entre 3 a 5 anos (52,2%) e gênero masculino (54,7%). Quanto à classificação, observamos maior prevalência do padrão motor da tetraparesia (57,4%), tônus espástico (94%) e predomínio da classificação funcional GMFCS nível V (40,6%). Em relação à etiologia, percebemos que a principal foi asfixia ao nascer (anóxia neonatal) (41,3%), seguido por prematuridade (26,7%) e malformações congênitas (10,7%). As principais complicações relacionadas à paralisia cerebral observadas foram deficiência visual (47%), crises convulsivas (26,8%) e subluxação de quadril (22,9%). Em relação às tecnologias assistivas, as principais prescritas foram: órtese suropodálica (prescrito para 72,9% dos pacientes), cadeira de rodas (58,1%) e cadeira de banho (44,6%). Conclusão: O Brasil carece de dados sobre o perfil epidemiológico das crianças com paralisia cerebral. Dessa forma, o objetivo do estudo foi descrever o perfil epidemiológico destes pacientes nosso centro de reabilitação, a fim de contribuir para melhor elucidação dessa população para tomada de decisões mais assertivas na assistência e na reabilitação.
Quality of life and functional assessment in lower limb prosthetic patients at a referral outpatient clinic in Brazil
Authors: Lima Vicente Júlio Barbosa de , Gomes Ewertom Cordeiro , Rolim Filho Epitácio Leite , Malheiros Júnior Henrique José Alves , Souza Alexsandro Antonio de , Santos Felipe José Cândido dos
Published: February 2025

Limb amputation is one is one of the main causes of human physical disability. Objective: Here, we carried out a functional and quality of life assessment of 172 lower limb amputees treated at a large outpatient clinic in Brazil. Method: This quantitative study was based on The Functional Measure for Amputees questionnaire (FMA) applied during medical consultations. Results: Most patients, particularly males, younger individuals and those with below-the-knee amputations, were able to independently perform daily tasks at home while using prostheses. In community ambulation, the use of support such as a cane and crutches were common, especially by women. Conclusion: Rehabilitation proved effective, leading to an average prosthesis usage of over 11 hours per day. The primary limitations to prosthesis use were perceptions of insufficient speed, fatigue, long distances to be covered and fear of falling.
Acute blood pressure response in hypertensive individuals with amputations after aquatic aerobic exercise: randomized crossover trial
Authors: Lourenço Mariana Armando , Gouvêa Joyce Xavier Muzzi de , Carvalho Maria Eduarda Lins Mendes de , Baccaro Valmir Marcos , Magalhães Daniela Ramos de Campos , Castro Caio Roberto Aparecido de Paschoal , Braga Douglas Martins
Published: February 2025

Objective: To assess the effects of an aquatic aerobic exercise session on the BP of hypertensive individuals with amputations and to evaluate whether there is a correlation between BP response to exercise and clinical aspects. Method: Crossover study conducted at a rehabilitation center in São Paulo, Brazil. Individuals underwent an initial assessment and were randomly allocated into an experimental session (45-minute session of aquatic aerobic exercise) and a control session (immersion at rest), alternating sessions after one week. BP was measured at rest, immediately after leaving the swimming pool and after 10, 20 and 30 minutes. Results: Ten patients were included (mean age: 58.9 years). The BP values for immersion at rest were significantly lower than the BP values on land (p= 0.003). There was no significant difference in BP variation between sessions. Conclusion: Aerobic exercise in aquatic environments does not alter the BP in amputees and can be considered a safe intervention for this parameter.
Measurement properties of the Berg Balance Scale and the Timed Up Go Test in patients hospitalized for brain tumor treatment
Authors: Pimentel Adriele  dos Santos , Souza Vanessa Neves Santos Fagundes de , Castro Isabella Pereira Rosa de , Nascimento Carla Ferreira do
Published: February 2025

Objective: To analyze the reliability and the convergent and discriminative validity of the Berg Balance Scale (BBS) and the Timed Up and Go (TUG) in patients hospitalized for brain tumor treatment. Methods: We performed a prospective observational study, including patients diagnosed with brain tumors from a tertiary referral hospital in Salvador, Brazil. The BBS and the TUG were used to assess balance and functional mobility, respectively. To assess the inter-examiner reliability the instruments were applied by two independent evaluators on the same day, while for the intra-examiner reliability, each individual was assessed twice by the same evaluator within a period of 7 to 14 days. The convergent and discriminative validation were analyzed by comparing both instruments with the Modified Barthel Index (MBI). Results: Forty-three patients were assessed and an excellent inter-rater reliability was observed for both the TUG and the BBS, with ICC=0.981 (p<0.001) and ICC= 0.995 (p<0.001), respectively. Intra-rater reliability was classified as good for the BBS (ICC= 0.74; p<0.001) and for the TUG (ICC= 0.779; p<0.001). Both instruments converged to MBI (BBS Rho= 0.85; p<0.001; TUG Rho= -0.70; p<0.001) and both were also proper of discriminating individuals according to their level of functional dependence (p<0.001). Conclusion: The BBS and TUG are valid for assessing balance and functional mobility in individuals hospitalized for brain tumor treatment.
Cenários ribeirinhos em Teresina, Piauí
Authors: Matos Karenina Cardoso , Santiago Denise Rodrigues , Lopes Wilza Gomes Reis , Lima Gedeilson da Silva , Gomes Filho Fernando Antônio Lopes , Victor Pereira do Vale Thiago
Published: February 2025

As paisagens ribeirinhas, enquanto cenários das relações ambientais e sociais, são importantes atores nas cidades. Nesse sentido, destacam-se para este estudo dez parques ambientais localizados nas margens dos rios Parnaíba e Poti, na cidade de Teresina, Piauí. Assim, pretende-se nesta pesquisa ressaltar a importância das margens de rios com uso de parques ambientais e suas condições atuais de integração com a cidade. Para análise, foram realizadas visitas ao local, registro fotográfico, bem como análise dos principais usos dos parques. Diante das análises realizadas, dez parques são ribeirinhos ao rio Poti, fazendo com que este rio mantenha a concentração de parques de Teresina. Foi possível perceber que os parques ribeirinhos em Teresina representam importantes exemplares. dentro do cenário urbano. Portanto, a implantação desses espaços, com sua efetiva conservação e utilização, representa uma importante estratégia de planejamento ambiental das cidades.
Experiência interdisciplinar como instrumento de valorização e de conservação do patrimônio urbano e da paisagem
Authors: Albuquerque Glauce Lilian Alves de , Nobre Paulo José Lisboa , Travassos Junior Julio Cesar de Santana
Published: February 2025

Seeking to understand which environmental and urban elements are part of a landscape with heritage value, the aim is to awaken the interest of the academic and external community in the need to conserve historic squares. Therefore, this article is an excerpt from the research “Palimpsest: the redesign of the landscape and the interventions of the PAC Historic Cities in the Center of Natal/RN”, which evaluates possible impacts of these interventions on public open spaces of heritage value. Through an interdisciplinary experience experienced by students of the Architecture and Urbanism course at UFRN and the research team, made up of professors and scientific initiation fellows, bibliographical research, behavioral mapping, which allowed on-site visits, and the assessment of the landscape based on observation of the landscape and analysis through photographic records. The main result is a partial survey of the use of completed squares, as well as an analysis of the proposed and executed solutions.
Sizing aspects of the experimental plant of ecological treatment by constructed wetlands on a university campus
Authors: Teixeira Francisco Martins , Ferreira Rafael Malheiro da Silva do Amaral , Becker Beatriz Rohden
Published: February 2025

As wetlands construídas (WC) são uma opção descentralizada e ecológica para o tratamento de esgotos, especialmente frente aos debates mais recentes na legislação sobre sua universalização até 2033. Uma estação experimental de tratamento ecológico de esgotos baseada em WC está sendo implementada em um campus universitário. Devido à complexidade dos processos naturais de depuração em uma WC, seu processo de dimensionamento apresenta desafios, principalmente grande variedade de parâmetros como área, concentração de poluentes e taxa de decaimento. Utilizando o método k-C’ para dimensionamento, diferentes cenários foram explorados, resultando em um área necessária entre 26 e 60 m². A área necessária foi escolhida como 31 m² para fins construtivos, porém o sistema terá flexibilidade no controle da vazão afluente e do tempo de detenção hidráulica. Este experimento estabelecerá relações entre a população atendida, a área requerida e a eficiência de remoção de poluentes, visando atender aos padrões de descarte de efluentes. A planta experimental, além de funcionar como laboratório a céu aberto, será uma área de convivência para a comunidade local, possibilitando futuras configurações para aprofundar as pesquisas.
Economic Outcomes With Precision Diagnostic Testing Versus Usual Testing in Stable Chest Pain: Results From the PRECISE Randomized Trial
Authors: Chew Derek S. , Mark Daniel B. , Li Yanhong , Nanna Michael G. , Kelsey Michelle D. , Daniels Melanie R. , Davidson-Ray Linda , Baloch Khaula N. , Rogers Campbell , Patel Manesh R. , Anstrom Kevin J. , Curzen Nick , Vemulapalli Sreekanth , Douglas Pamela S. ,   on behalf of the PRECISE Investigators
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND:

The PRECISE (Prospective Randomized Trial of the Optimal Evaluation of Cardiac Symptoms and Revascularization) demonstrated that a precision diagnostic strategy reduced the primary composite of death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, or catheterization without obstructive coronary artery disease by 65% in patients with nonacute chest pain compared with usual testing. Medical cost was a prespecified secondary end point.

METHODS:

PRECISE randomized 2103 patients between December 2018 and May 2021 to usual testing or a precision strategy that used deferred testing for the lowest risk patients (20%) and coronary computed tomographic angiography with selective computed tomography–derived fractional flow reserve for the remainder. Resource use consumption data were collected from all study participants and hospital cost data from US participants (n=1125) to estimate total medical costs. The primary and secondary economic outcomes were total costs at 12 months and at 45 days, respectively, from the US health care system perspective. The mean cost differences between the 2 strategies were reported by intention-to-treat.

RESULTS:

At 45 days, total costs were similar between the precision strategy and usual testing (mean difference, $182 [95% CI, −$555 to $661]). By 12 months, percutaneous coronary intervention and coronary artery bypass surgery had been performed in 7.2% and 2.0% of precision strategy patients and 3.5% and 1.7% of usual testing patients, respectively. At 1 year, precision strategy costs were $5299 versus $4821 for usual testing (mean difference, $478 [95% CI, −$889 to $1437];
P
=0.43). Precision care decreased mean per-patient diagnostic cost by 27% and increased mean per-patient revascularization costs by 67%.

CONCLUSIONS:

In the PRECISE trial, the precision strategy, a risk-based approach endorsed by current clinical practice guidelines, improved the clinical efficiency of testing and had similar costs to usual testing at 45 days and a nonsignificant $478 cost difference at 1 year.

REGISTRATION:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT03702244.