bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Personality traits and investor risk behavior: moderating role of financial literacy
Authors: Akhtar Muhammad , Malik Muhammad Umair
Published: December 2022

Purpose

The study aims to examine the relationship between personality traits and investor risk behavior of the individuals trading in stock markets. Furthermore, this study establishes the association of financial literacy on the relationship between personality traits and investor risk behavior.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors analyze cross-sectional survey method data by using moderated multiple regression analysis, a standard method of determining the moderation effect. PROCESS Model method has been used in this study to check the robustness of the results.

Findings

The findings reveal that personality traits significantly influence investor risk behavior and financial literacy modifies the fundamental relationships between personality traits and investor risk behavior. The findings also conclude that behavioral impact was predetermined by individuals' genetic traits and is influenced by financial literacy.

Research limitations/implications

The current study provides valuable insights for investors and adamant grounds for future research. The two-fold role of individuals' personalities in case of gains and losses can be of interest to the researchers in future.

Practical implications

Investors currently facing the complex financial choices which are far beyond the day-to-day financial advice. This study guides rational investment behavior for portfolio managers and investors for advanced investment options.

Social implications

Most of the prior literature is based on developed markets, whereas the current study focuses on less literate society (i.e. Pakistan) to protect the investors from scams and fraud. The current study supports the vital role of investors in the socio-economic development of emerging markets.

Originality/value

The authors believe this study expands the boundaries of personality theories, especially in the context of risk behavior and financial literacy. The study also contributes to advancing the personality theory trimmed with financial literacy and investor behavior while making important theoretical inroads for future research.
The use of politeness strategies in teacher–student interaction in the Omani EFL classroom
Authors: Latrech Amira , Alazzawie Abdulkhaliq
Published: December 2022

Purpose

This paper examines how politeness strategies are used in Omani schools and professional development classrooms. It is a qualitative study following an interactional sociolinguistic analysis approach. The study adopts Brown and Levinson (1987) model to analyse the use of politeness and the notion of face in two different contexts.

Design/methodology/approach

This is a qualitative study because it includes descriptive findings. It will follow an interactional sociolinguistic analysis approach and adopts Brown and Levinson (1987) model to analyse the use of politeness and the notion of face in two different contexts. It aims at studying student–teacher interaction in two different groups: Omani private school and Professional development Academy. Two classes will be attended in the school and two classes in the Academy. A mix of female and male teachers from both groups will be observed. The first age group is young learners of grades 7 and 9 and the age range of the second group is adult learners aged between 25 and 40 years old.

Findings

The results are as follows: young learners want to be perceived with their positive face while adult learners with negative face. More face saving acts (FSA) are performed by teachers than face threatening acts (FTAs). More FTAs are performed by young students than adult students. More FSAs are performed than FTAs by female teachers than their counterparts. All teachers agreed that when their face is put into threat, they will save it even if it meant putting the student's face in threat. These results imply that there is a big awareness of politeness and face in the modern day Omani classroom in different contexts and that teachers are actually using it and trying to help students to be aware of it.

Originality/value

The findings of this study will reverberate throughout the field of education and pedagogical techniques since before this study, there has not been sufficient investigation exploring politeness strategies or FSAs of adults in this age group in Oman. In fact, there have not been sufficient studies conducted in this area in Oman within all age groups. To this purpose, this paper will contribute to the existing literature in this field by examining how politeness strategies are used and factors that directly affect their use in the classroom in a new context, Oman. Moreover, the analysis that is presented in this study conveys valuable information for future research exploring this topic but within a broader age range and a bigger sample.
Functional refractive-index sensor by internal reflection of diffuse light
Authors: Pineda-Vázquez Diana , García-Valenzuela Augusto
Published: December 2022

Purpose

This study aims to propose and study a refractive index sensor based on measuring variations of the internal diffuse reflectance from a glass interface in a functional design. The device is uncomplicated to assemble with simple optical elements and it can be built as a robust and stable sensor.

Design/methodology/approach

This study presents a simplified theoretical model of the signal obtained with the proposed device and perform a detailed analysis of its potential resolution and merits.

Findings

The authors report proof-of-principle experiments with a home-made device to evaluate its performance as a refractometer and index of refraction sensor.

Originality/value

The main novelty of the device is the use of a diffusing surface to couple light into a glass plate with a wide range of angles of refraction, including angles larger than the critical angle with the external medium, and using the same diffusing surface to couple reflected light out of the glass plate, including light that suffered total internal reflection.
Woe is the dark Web: the main challenges that governments of the Commonwealth Caribbean will face in combating dark Web-facilitated criminal activities
Authors: Waller Lloyd , Johnson Stephen Christopher , Satchell Nicola , Gordon Damion , Daley Gavin Leon Kirkpatrick , Reid Howard , Fender Kimberly , Llewellyn Paula , Smyle Leah , Linton Patrick
Published: December 2022

Purpose

This paper aims to investigate the potential challenges that governments in the Commonwealth Caribbean are likely to face combating crimes facilitated by the dark Web.

Design/methodology/approach

The “lived experience” methodology guided by a contextual systematic literature review was used to ground the investigation of the research phenomena in the researchers’ collective experiences working in, living in and engaging in research with governments in the Commonwealth Caribbean.

Findings

The two major findings emerging from the analysis are that jurisdictional and technical challenges are producing major hindrances to the creation of an efficient and authoritative legislative framework and the building of the capacity of governments in the Commonwealth Caribbean to confront the technicalities that affect systematic efforts to manage problems created by the dark Web.

Practical implications

The findings indicate the urgency that authorities in the Caribbean region must place on reevaluating their administrative, legislative and investment priorities to emphasize cyber-risk management strategies that will enable their seamless and wholesome integration into this digital world.

Originality/value

The research aids in developing and extending theory and praxis related to the problematization of the dark Web for governments by situating the experiences of Small Island Developing States into the ongoing discourse.
Health tourism in China: a 40-year bibliometric analysis
Authors: Zhong Lina , Sun Sunny , Law Rob , Li Xiaonan , Deng Baolin
Published: December 2022

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to systematically analyze the evolution of health tourism development, identify relevant themes and segments of health tourism research and offer future research directions and practical implications for academic researchers and tourism practitioners worldwide using China as an example.

Design/methodology/approach

Using a bibliometric analysis, the present study comprehensively analyzes the theme, segments and the evolution of health tourism research over the past 40 years in China.

Findings

Major findings show that health tourism research in China could be divided into four stages with different characteristics, and three segments, including wellness tourism, health and wellness tourism and medical tourism. Findings also reveal the trend of health tourism development tends to be industrialized, diversified and systematic under the guidance of recent policies. Theoretically, based on the theoretical framework developed by Hall (2011), the present study contributes to the establishment and extension of the framework for health tourism within the context of China. Practically, findings can provide health tourism-related policy implications for the future development of health or health sector-integrated tourism.

Research limitations/implications

The study proposes possible collaboration between government and academia in terms of health tourism-related policy formulation.

Originality/value

Through 40-year bibliometric analysis of health tourism evolution in China, the present study explores the main themes of health tourism development, identifies the segments of health tourism and analyzes the development stages of health tourism. Findings should be of use to international readers to better understand the uniqueness of health tourism development and find out possible future health tourism development research directions. As a result, major contributions of this paper are the comprehensive analysis of the evolution of health tourism research and the implications on other countries and regions to adopt a pragmatic approach to explore the trend and unique characteristics of health tourism for future development.
Tourism destination quality and the UN Sustainable Development Goals: Tourism Agenda 2030
Authors: Mason Peter , Augustyn Marcjanna , Seakhoa-King Arthur
Published: December 2022

Purpose

This paper aims to explain how improving tourism destination quality could contribute to addressing the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) at tourism destinations.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper synthesizes literature on sustainability, the SDGs and tourism destination quality and considers sustainability from the destination quality frame of reference. The approach starts with a critical analysis of principles of sustainability, as embodied in the 17 SDGs in terms of whether they are primarily concerned with “quantity” or “quality.” This is followed by examining potential links between destination quality and the SDGs using results of a recent empirical research on tourism destination quality (TDQ study).

Findings

This paper reveals that most of the SDGs are largely focused on quantity, while relatively few are concerned primarily with quality. Several TDQ dimensions, specifically “authentic,” “safe,” “well kept,” “affordable,” “novel,” “varied,” “relaxing,” “uncrowded,” “hospitable” and “informative,” and in addition, the holistic perspective of destination quality indicated in the TDQ study, are revealed as having strong links with the SDGs largely because of their concern with quality. This paper therefore proposes a positive relationship between enhancing destination quality and addressing the SDGs at tourism destinations.

Research limitations/implications

This paper calls for future empirical research to test the theoretical links between destination quality and SDGs established in this paper.

Practical implications

The use of the proposed framework for managing tourism destination quality and sustainability can help destination managers in enhancing destination quality and the attainment of the SDGs.

Originality/value

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first paper that adapts the extant theory on sustainability (represented by the SDGs) by introducing a destination quality frame of reference. The links between tourism destination quality and the SDGs have not been previously investigated. This paper indicates strong relationships between destination quality and several SDGs and thus extends the existing theory on sustainability by introducing the quality improvement perspective.
Editorial
Authors: Chien Patrick
Published: December 2022

Deputy Editor‐in‐Chief, Dr Patrick Chien, discusses his top articles from this issue in an audio podcast available at: https://soundcloud.com/bjog/January-editorial-2023
Criteria and methodologies for determining the causes of swelling of canned tomatoes in tinplate containers
Authors: Squitieri Giuseppe , Pirone Giuseppe , La Pietra Liliana , Cannavacciuolo Mariarosaria , Pezzani Aldo , Ferrari Giovanna , Castaldo Domenico , Balestrieri Maria Luisa , Cautela Domenico
Published: December 2022

This review provides the current laboratory criteria for the detection and evaluation of the possible causes of alteration of non‐concentrated industrial derivatives of tomatoes (peeled tomatoes, pulps, purees, sauces, and fillets), packaged in coated or uncoated tinplate cans. We discuss how the product alterations are typically the consequence of technological errors either in the can production, or in the storage process, or in the product sterilization. The described procedures include the quantitative determination of the distribution of gases (H2, CO2, N2, and O2) present in the headspace of the container. The gas composition and ratios can be used as markers to allow easy diagnosis of the causes of microbiologic and/or physical–chemical alterations of the tomatoes, which are usually made evident by swelling of the containers. These tests should be integrated by microbiological analyses aimed at a restricted group of microorganisms, with the chemical analysis of the container and the chemical analysis of the altered product. By way of example, we report the assessment of the causes of alteration in four different case‐studies.
Dry surface biofilms in the food processing industry: An overview on surface characteristics, adhesion and biofilm formation, detection of biofilms, and dry sanitization methods
Authors: Alonso Vanessa Pereira Perez , Gonçalves Maria Paula M. B. B. , de Brito Francisca Airlane Esteves , Barboza Giovana Rueda , Rocha Liliana de Oliveira , Silva Nathalia Cristina Cirone
Published: December 2022

Bacterial biofilm formation in low moisture food processing (LMF) plants is related to matters of food safety, production efficiency, economic loss, and reduced consumer trust. Dry surfaces may appear dry to the naked eye, however, it is common to find a coverage of thin liquid films and microdroplets, known as microscopic surface wetness (MSW). The MSW may favor dry surface biofilm (DSB) formation. DSB formation is similar in other industries, it occurs through the processes of adhesion, production of extracellular polymeric substances, development of microcolonies and maturation, it is mediated by a quorum sensing (QS) system and is followed by dispersal, leading to disaggregation. Species that survive on dry surfaces develop tolerance to different stresses. DSB are recalcitrant and contribute to higher resistance to sanitation, becoming potential sources of contamination, related to the spoilage of processed products and foodborne disease outbreaks. In LMF industries, sanitization is performed using physical methods without the presence of water. Although alternative dry sanitizing methods can be efficiently used, additional studies are still required to develop and assess the effect of emerging technologies, and to propose possible combinations with traditional methods to enhance their effects on the sanitization process. Overall, more information about the different technologies can help to find the most appropriate method/s, contributing to the development of new sanitization protocols. Thus, this review aimed to identify the main characteristics and challenges of biofilm management in low moisture food industries, and summarizes the mechanisms of action of different dry sanitizing methods (alcohol, hot air, UV‐C light, pulsed light, gaseous ozone, and cold plasma) and their effects on microbial metabolism.
Antiviral function of peptidoglycan recognition protein in Spodoptera exigua (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
Authors: Li Jie , Li Jie , Jing Zhaohao , Yu Qianlong , Zheng Guiling , Zhang Bin , Xing Longsheng , Zhang Huan , Wan Fanghao , Li Changyou
Published: December 2022

Peptidoglycan recognition proteins (PGRPs) are a class of molecules that play a critical role in insect immunity. Understanding the function of PGRPs is important to improve the efficiency of microbial insecticides. In this study, we investigated the role of PGRP‐LB (a long type PGRP) in insect immunity against viruses using Spodoptera exigua and Spodoptera exigua multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (SeMNPV) as an insect–virus model. We cloned and identified a PGRP‐LB gene from S. exigua; the gene consisted of 7 exons that encoded a polypeptide of 234 amino acids with a signal peptide and a typical amidase domain. Expression analysis revealed that the abundance of SePGRP‐LB transcripts in the fat body was greater than in other tissues. Overexpression of SePGRP‐LB resulted in a significant decrease of 49% in the rate of SeMNPV‐infected cells. In addition, the multiplication of SeMNPV was significantly decreased: a decrease of 79% in the production of occlusion‐derived virion (ODV), and a maximum decrease of 50% in the production of budded virion (BV). In contrast, silencing of SePGRP‐LB expression by RNA interference resulted in a significant 1.65‐fold increase in the rate of SeMNPV‐infected cells, a significant 0.54‐fold increase in ODV production, a maximum 1.57‐fold increase in BV production, and the larval survival dropped to 21%. Our findings show that SePGRP‐LB has an antiviral function against SeMNPV, and therefore this gene may provide a target for lepidopteran pest control using virus insecticides.
Beyond cholesterol—pleiotropic effects of lipoprotein apheresis
Authors: Schettler Volker J. J. , Schettler Elke
Published: December 2022

Cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of mortality worldwide, which is caused mainly by atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory disease of blood vessels. Therefore, atherosclerosis represents a complex disorder, which induces damage or imbalance on different levels: for example, genes, cytokines, lipoproteins, cells, vessels, and organs. Lipoprotein apheresis (LA) is a well‐established extracorporeal treatment of severe hyperlipoproteinemia. In addition, LA may have simultaneously crucial effects on many other atherogenic factors during the treatments, for example, as vascular inflammation, rheology, mobilization of adult stem cells and gene expressions in blood or endothelial cells, which will be discussed in this short review. In addition, stable microRNAs besides tissues also appear in extracellular compartments, for example, vessels, involved in atherosclerotic processes, were found to be reduced by LA treatments. In summary, LA represents a complex therapeutic procedure, that provides an ideal tool for the treatment of complex disorders such as atherosclerosis.
Consumer acceptance of reduced sodium white and multigrain bread: Impact of flavor enhancement and ingredient information on sample liking
Authors: Dunteman Aubrey N. , Lee Soo‐Yeun
Published: December 2022

Chronic consumption of sodium in quantities exceeding recommendations has led to sodium being designated as a nutrient of health concern for overconsumption. As a result of the prevalence of sodium overconsumption, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) released voluntary sodium reduction goals for a wide variety of products on both short‐ and long‐term timespans. As food palatability may decrease when sodium is reduced, flavor enhancers such as monosodium glutamate (MSG) may provide a promising solution to mitigate such palatability loss. The objective of this research was to investigate consumer acceptance of white and multigrain breads with either a 43% or 60% reduction in sodium content and with and without MSG as well as to investigate the influence of information on consumer acceptance of these breads under blind, informed, and informed with education conditions. Seventy‐eight frequent bread consumers participated in the evaluations. A significant difference was evidenced across breads with different levels of sodium content and MSG status, although no difference was seen across the different evaluation conditions. Consumer segmentation found multiple consumer clusters showing different liking patterns of the bread treatments for both white and multigrain breads. Breads with sodium content set at the FDA's long‐term goal with and without MSG were liked no differently in nearly all attributes evaluated than the full‐sodium bread demonstrating the feasibility of producing acceptable reduced‐sodium breads. Future research characterizing the predominant sensory attributes of full‐sodium and reduced‐sodium breads with and without MSG would be valuable for identifying the drivers of liking in such products.

Practical Application: The findings of our study suggest that consumer liking of reduced sodium white and multigrain breads could be improved with the addition of monosodium glutamate. Increasing the acceptance of reduced sodium food products could help to reduce the risk of hypertension and subsequently heart attacks and stroke for the American population.
Current approaches on the roles of lactic acid bacteria in crop silage
Authors: Guo Xusheng , Xu Dongmei , Li Fuhou , Bai Jie , Su Rina
Published: December 2022

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) play pivotal roles in the preservation and fermentation of forage crops in spontaneous or inoculated silages. Highlights of silage LAB over the past decades include the discovery of the roles of LAB in silage bacterial communities and metabolism and the exploration of functional properties. The present article reviews published literature on the effects of LAB on the succession, structure, and functions of silage microbial communities involved in fermentation. Furthermore, the utility of functional LAB in silage preparation including feruloyl esterase‐producing LAB, antimicrobial LAB, lactic acid bacteria with high antioxidant potential, pesticide‐degrading LAB, lactic acid bacteria producing 1,2‐propanediol, and low‐temperature‐tolerant LAB have been described. Compared with conventional LAB, functional LAB produce different effects; specifically, they positively affect animal performance, health, and product quality, among others. In addition, the metabolic profiles of ensiled forages show that plentiful probiotic metabolites with but not limited to antimicrobial, antioxidant, aromatic, and anti‐inflammatory properties are observed in silage. Collectively, the current knowledge on the roles of LAB in crop silage indicates there are great opportunities to develop silage not only as a fermented feed but also as a vehicle of delivery of probiotic substances for animal health and welfare in the future.
Lake management under severe drought: Lake Mead, Nevada/Arizona
Authors: Hannoun Deena , Tietjen Todd
Published: December 2022

Drought can affect both the quantity and quality of water in lakes and reservoirs, yet larger, highly managed waterbodies, such as Lake Mead, may be somewhat buffered from drought effects. From 2000 to present, Lake Mead has experienced a 71% decline in volume; however, influent water quality has remained high and consistent outflow volumes through Hoover Dam have been maintained. Furthermore, management activities, such as increased removal of phosphorus by wastewater dischargers and legacy contamination cleanup efforts, have been initiated since the drought began. These efforts have led to small improvements in values of water quality parameters, such as phosphorus, nitrogen, and perchlorate, despite loss of volume for dilution of constituents, and consequently, decreased residence time. As the drought continues, Lake Mead is projected to continue declining in volume, inflows are projected to become warmer, and the population of Las Vegas is projected to grow, potentially adding additional stress to the hydrologic system. Maintenance of outflow may mitigate some potentially negative consequences, and understanding the drivers behind continued high water quality despite prolonged drought is important to continue to maintain the health and vitality of the entire Lower Colorado River Basin.
The ‘question of possibilities’ as a leitmotif for re‐imagining law for the ‘Anthropocene’
Authors: Mai Laura
Published: December 2022

The Anthropocene thesis, albeit not an unproblematic starting point, foregrounds the inadequacy of tacitly reproduced assumptions, theoretical dispositions, and conceptual repertoires which have supported a critical mass of legal thinking and praxis. Acknowledging the disruptive effects of the ‘Anthropocene’ for law, my aim in this article is to make explicit that re‐imagining law for the Anthropocene requires letting go of dominant ways of thinking and doing law, while enabling more adequate conceptions and modes of engagement to take hold. I suggest that the process of re‐imagining law for the Anthropocene requires navigating a space of continuity and break that demands the legal discipline to confront questions about disciplinary identity and responsibility. Reflecting on what the process of re‐imagining law might entail and how it could unfold, I propose the ‘question of possibilities’ as a leitmotif and ask: What could law become? In so doing, I map out concrete strategies and commitments which might inspire and encourage engagement with this question. These include: a practice of radical self‐reflection, the cultivation of a generative outlook, the acknowledgement of legal multiplicity, and a persistent commitment to meaningful change.
Knowledge governance for the Anthropocene: Pluralism, populism, and decision‐making
Authors: Clement Sarah
Published: December 2022

Many new models of governance are presented as offering potential to more effectively confront environmental challenges in the Anthropocene by transforming the underlying logic of decision‐making. A common feature of these models is the imperative to integrate multiple forms of knowledge, disciplinary perspectives, and diverse networks of actors both within and outside the academy. These calls for pluralism are not just about it as a democratic principle, but part of improved ‘knowledge governance’ more equipped to address the multi‐faceted causes and consequences of environmental degradation. Yet the principles behind these improved practices can be lost in translation. While pluralism is elevated as ideal, when decision‐makers are faced with political and social realities of bringing in more voices, the result is often more populist than pluralist, and conflicts difficult to manage. This paper explores how these issues play out by examining co‐production in Australian wildfire governance, revealing concerns about whose knowledge is considered credible and legitimate and how knowledge is used to bolster narratives about both change and the status quo. It also contributes to debates about how populism influences the use of knowledge in policy, and how values influence interpretation and action in relation to new evidence.
Acetyltransferase p300 regulates atrial fibroblast senescence and age‐related atrial fibrosis through p53/Smad3 axis
Authors: Gao Xiao‐Yan , Lai Ying‐Yu , Luo Xue‐Shan , Peng De‐Wei , Li Qiao‐Qiao , Zhou Hui‐Shan , Xue Yu‐Mei , Guo Hui‐Ming , Zhao Jun‐Fei , Yang Hui , Kuang Su‐Juan , Wang Zhao‐Yu , Zhang Meng‐Zhen , Deng Chun‐Yu , Wu Shu‐Lin , Rao Fang
Published: December 2022

Atrial fibrosis induced by aging is one of the main causes of atrial fibrillation (AF), but the potential molecular mechanism is not clear. Acetyltransferase p300 participates in the cellular senescence and fibrosis, which might be involved in the age‐related atrial fibrosis. Four microarray datasets generated from atrial tissue of AF patients and sinus rhythm (SR) controls were analyzed to find the possible relationship of p300 (EP300) with senescence and fibrosis. And then, biochemical assays and in vivo electrophysiological examination were performed on older AF patients, aging mice, and senescent atrial fibroblasts. The results showed that (1) the left atrial tissues of older AF patients, aging mouse, and senescence human atrial fibroblasts had more severe atrial fibrosis and higher protein expression levels of p300, p53/acetylated p53 (ac‐p53)/p21, Smad3/p‐Smads, and fibrosis‐related factors. (2) p300 inhibitor curcumin and p300 knockdown treated aging mouse and senescence human atrial fibroblasts reduced the senescence ratio of atrial fibroblasts, ameliorated the atrial fibrosis, and decreased the AF inducibility. In contrast, over‐expression of p300 can lead to the senescence of atrial fibroblasts and atrial fibrosis. (3) p53 knockdown decreased the expression of aging and fibrosis‐related proteins. (4) Co‐immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence showed that p53 forms a complex with smad3 and directly regulates the expression of smad3 in atrial fibroblasts. Our findings suggest that the mechanism of atrial fibrosis induced by aging is, at least, partially dependent on the regulation of p300, which provides new sights into the AF treatment, especially for the elderly.
Epirubicin may enhance the inhibition of hepatocellular carcinoma induced by iodine‐125 seeds through downregulating WNT pathway
Authors: Tian Shilin , Lu Yue , Gao Haifeng , Chen Zitong , Niu Min , Wang Changjun , Liu Bin
Published: December 2022

Aim

To investigate the role of iodine‐125 (125I) combined with epirubicin (EPI) in inhibiting hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) growth and promoting apoptosis.

Methods

Both in vivo and in vitro experiments were conducted. CCK‐8 assay was performed to determine the cells viability after EPI treatment. HepG2 and SMMC7721 cells were treated with EPI or 125I or in combination. Colony formation assays were performed to verify the antiproliferation effect. Annexin V–FITC/PI, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assays, and western blotting were performed to analyze cellular apoptosis. Scratch wound healing assays and transwell assays were used to examine migration following different treatments. An isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantitation analysis was used to detect changes in protein expression after 125I treatment, identifying the potential mediating protein cathelicidin (LL‐37). LL‐37 protein and WNT pathway‐related proteins were detected by western blotting in SMMC7721 and HepG2 cells. Mice were treated with 125I and EPI to evaluate whether EPI enhanced the antitumor effect of 125I.

Results

EPI promoted 125I‐induced apoptosis and reduced the proliferation of HepG2 and SMMC7721 cells. EPI also prevented the migration of HepG2 and SMMC7721 cells. EPI combined with 125I may interfere with the WNT signaling pathway by decreasing LL‐37 to inhibit HCC development. The antitumor effects of EPI with 125I were verified in mice.

Conclusion

EPI combined with 125I induced apoptosis and inhibited the proliferation of HCC cells by LL‐37 downregulating the WNT pathway.
The story of this special issue on critical perspectives in work and organizational psychology
Authors: Abrams Ruth , Bal P. Matthijs , D'Cruz Premilla , Hornung Severin , Islam Gazi , McDonald Matthew , Sanderson Zoe , Tonelli Maria José
Published: December 2022

In this editorial, we tell the story of how the Special Issue on Critical Perspectives in Work and Organizational Psychology (CWOP) came about, how it fits within the broader agenda of building a critical community within Work and Organizational Psychology, and how future research and thought may be inspired by the collection of critical papers related to work and organizational psychology. We introduce the term “criticalizing” as a key concept in how the Special Issue was developed by the editorial team and the authors. Criticalizing moves beyond fixed static notions of “critical” scholarship toward a process of engaging in more fluid, expansive, and creative perspectives on the scholarship within work and organizational psychology. We illustrate how the set of papers within the Special Issue engages in such criticalizing of the field and offer new ways of thinking about and researching relevant topics in work and organizational psychology.
Editorial: safety and efficacy of infliximab and corticosteroids in checkpoint inhibitor‐induced colitis—authors' reply
Authors: Dahl Emilie K. , Abed Osama K. , Kjeldsen Jens , Donia Marco , Svane Inge M. , Dige Anders , Agnholt Jørgen S. , Bjerrum Jacob T. , Seidelin Jakob B.
Published: December 2022

LINKED CONTENT

This article is linked to Dahl et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17201 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17237
Genetic relationships among emu populations in Japanese farms based on mitochondrial and microsatellite DNA polymorphisms
Authors: Koshiishi Yuichi , Murata‐Okubo Michiko , Kameyama Yuichi , Souma Kousaku , Hirayama Hiroki , Wada Kenta
Published: December 2022

Emus (Dromaius novaehollandiae) are expected to become a novel poultry species for producing eggs, meat, and oil. In our previous studies, Japanese emu populations were predicted to have reduced genetic diversity through inbreeding. For a sustainable emu industry in Japan, it is necessary to understand the current genetic structure and relationships in dispersed farms. In this study, we investigated the genetic structure and relationships of six Japanese emu farms based on mitochondrial DNA and microsatellite polymorphisms. We analyzed the DNA sequences of the mitochondrial D‐loop region in 157 individuals and detected four haplotypes with four nucleotide substitution sites (Hap‐a, Hap‐b, Hap‐c, and Hap‐d). Analysis of molecular variance revealed that 43.6% of total variance was “among population,” and the FST value was 0.436 with significant genetic differentiation (P < 0.001). In microsatellite analysis, the expected (HE) and observed (HO) heterozygosities were 0.53–0.64 and 0.44–0.59, respectively. Phylogenetic trees and STRUCTURE analysis revealed that the six Japanese farmed emu populations could be divided into four genetically differentiated groups. Therefore, we identified genetic resources that may be useful in extending the genetic diversity of Japanese farms and are predicted to contribute to the conservation and reconstruction of populations.
Through thick and thin: The moment of meaning as a boundary object
Authors: Zasa Federico P. , Artusi Federico , Verganti Roberto
Published: December 2022

During the front end of innovation, teams embody abstract meanings into product concepts. The literature on Innovation of Meaning suggests that focusing on a single product‐user interaction supports this process. This Moment of Meaning facilitates the development of shared meaning and knowledge. We explore how the Moment of Meaning acts as a Boundary Object to support the innovation process.

We study six Innovation of Meaning projects in different companies to explore how the Moment of Meaning supports the transition from abstract meaning to a concrete solution. Attending company meetings and workshops, we collected extensive qualitative data on the usage of the Moment of Meaning.

We identify four uses of the Moment of Meaning. Depending on its degree of abstraction and perspective, it represents a Metaphor, a Product Vision, a Core Feature or an Experience Concept. Our study sheds light on the reification of meanings in early stages of innovation. Also, we highlight the potential evolution of Boundary Objects over time. To managers, we provide actionable knowledge on how a simple boundary object could ease the transition from an innovation strategy to a concrete product concept.
Debate: Should academics collaborate with social media and gaming companies to identify and reduce mental health impacts on children and young people?
Authors: Shotbolt Vicki
Published: December 2022

Should academics collaborate with social media and games companies to reduce harms or might there be an alternative approach that would ensure young people's well‐being is considered during the design‐and‐build process for platforms, games and services.
A viewpoint describing the American Society of Transplantation rationale to conduct a comprehensive patient survey assessing unmet immunosuppressive therapy needs
Authors: Taber David J. , Gordon Elisa J. , Jesse Michelle T. , Myaskovsky Larissa , Peipert John Devin , Jaure Allison , George Roshan , Fitzsimmons William ,   for the American Society of Transplantation Board of Directors
Published: December 2022

This viewpoint aims to “set the stage” and provide the rationale for the proposed development of a large‐scale, comprehensive survey assessing transplant patients’ perceived unmet immunosuppressive therapy needs. Research in organ transplantation has historically focused on reducing the incidence and impact of rejection on allograft survival and minimizing or eliminating the need for chronic immunosuppressive therapies. There has been less emphasis and investment in therapies to improve patient‐reported outcomes including health‐related quality of life and side‐effects. Patient‐focused drug development (PFDD) is a new and important emphasis of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) that provides a guiding philosophy for incorporating the patient experience into drug development and evaluation. The American Society of Transplantation (AST) Board of Directors commissioned this working group to prepare for the conduct of a comprehensive patient survey assessing unmet immunosuppressive therapy needs. This paper aims to describe the basis for why it is important to conduct this survey and briefly outline the plan for broad stakeholder engagement to ensure the information gained is diverse, inclusive, and relevant for advancing PFDD in organ transplant recipients.
Viewing disability: Seeing the other side
Authors: Basu Anna , Friel Kathleen , Olusanya Bolajoko , Hadders‐Algra Mijna
Published: December 2022

Spanish, Portuguese & French translation of this Invited Editorial is available in the online issue.

Video Podcast: https://youtu.be/DL8Eq7I6MxQ
Development of children, adolescents, and young adults with cerebral palsy according to the ICF: A scoping review
Authors: Chagas Paula S. C. , Magalhães Elton D. D. , Sousa Junior Ricardo R. , Romeros Angélica C. S. F. , Palisano Robert J. , Leite Hércules R. , Rosenbaum Peter
Published: December 2022

Aim

To identify and provide a descriptive overview of the development of children, adolescents, and young adults with cerebral palsy (CP) in longitudinal studies; and map areas of focus according to the components of the World Health Organization's International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF).

Method

Longitudinal studies of the development of children, adolescents, and/or young adults with CP were included in this scoping review. A search for eligible studies was conducted in the databases MEDLINE, PubMed, LILACS, EMBASE, Cochrane, CINAHL, and Scopus, and was restricted to the years 2002 to 2022. All outcome measures of the studies were classified into ICF components.

Results

In the 56 studies included, there were 19 438 participants, involving mainly children, followed by adolescents, and lastly young adults. All components of the ICF were investigated and many studies reported outcomes in more than one component. Activity was the most investigated (67.9%; n = 38 studies), followed by body functions and structures (42.9%; n = 24 studies). Participation (14.2%; n = 8 studies) and environmental factors (3.6%; n = 2 studies) were the least studied. None of the studies investigated personal factors as an outcome.

Interpretation

This scoping review provides an overview of studies on the development of children, adolescents, and young adults with CP, using the ICF framework, identifying current areas of focus and gaps in the research. Future studies should target participation, contextual factors, and the transition into adulthood.

What this paper adds

The International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health can be used to map a range of outcomes through developmental studies.

The main outcomes investigated in children with cerebral palsy were activity, and body functions and structures.

Little has been explored in participation and contextual factors outcomes over time.

The main classification used to stratify the participants was the Gross Motor Function Classification System.
Clinical adult outcome 11–30 years after pediatric epilepsy surgery: Complications and other surgical adverse events, seizure control, and cure of epilepsy
Authors: Hoppe Christian , Beeres Kassandra , Witt Juri‐Alexander , Sassen Robert , Helmstaedter Christoph
Published: December 2022

Objective

Pediatric epilepsy surgery promises seizure freedom or even cure of epilepsy. We evaluated the long‐term (≥10 years) adult clinical outcome including surgery‐related adverse events and complications, which are generally underreported.

Methods

A monocentric, single‐arm, questionnaire study in now adult patients who underwent epilepsy surgery during childhood. A novel ad hoc parental/patient questionnaire, which addressed diverse outcome domains was applied.

Results

From a total of 353 eligible patients, 203 could be contacted (3 patients died of causes unknown) and 101 (50%) returned appropriately filled‐in surveys. No evidence for a survey‐response bias was found. The rate of surgical complications according to the patient records was 9%. As regards the survey, half of the parents/patients reported surgical adverse events (expected and unexpected issues) and one‐third reported permanent aversive sequels. Two‐thirds of the patients were seizure‐free during the last year before follow‐up; 63% were Engel class 1A; favorable seizure outcomes (including auras only) were obtained in 73%; and 54% were seizure‐free and off antiseizure medicine (ASM), that is, cured of epilepsy. In non–seizure‐free patients, seizure relapse occurred at any time during the follow‐up interval but 87% of those with a seizure‐free first postoperative year were seizure‐free at follow‐up. One patient experienced a seizure relapse during the ASM withdrawal trial but became seizure‐free again with ASMs. Eleven patients reported an increased number of ASMs as compared to the time before surgery. Earlier focal surgery did not affect the long‐term clinical outcome.

Significance

Pediatric epilepsy surgery was capable of curing epilepsy in about one‐half of the children and to significantly control seizures in about three‐fourths. Long‐term success of focal surgery did not depend on age at surgery or duration of epilepsy. Surgical adverse events including complications may be underreported and must be assessed more thoroughly.
The anthropogenic effect of land use on population genetics of Malcus inconspicuus
Authors: Wang Shujing , Li Yanfei , Zhou Jiayue , Jiang Kun , Chen Juhong , Ye Zhen , Xue Huaijun , Bu Wenjun
Published: December 2022

Since the beginning of the Holocene era, human activities have seriously impacted animal habitats and vegetative environments. Species that are dependent on natural habitats or with narrow niches might be more severely affected by habitat changes. Malcus inconspicuus is distributed in subtropical China and highly dependent on the mountain environment. Our study investigated the role of the mountainous landscape in the historical evolution of M. inconspicuus and the impact of Holocene human activities on it. A phylogeographical approach was implemented with integrative datasets including double‐digest restriction site‐associated DNA (ddRAD), mitochondrial data, and distribution data. Three obvious clades and an east–west phylogeographical pattern were found in subtropical China. Mountainous landscape has “multifaceted” effects on the evolutionary history of M. inconspicuus, it has contributed to population differentiation, provided glacial refuges, and provided population expansion corridors during the postglacial period. The effective population size (Ne) of M. inconspicuus showed a sharp decline during the Holocene era, which revealed a significantly negative correlation with the development of cropland in a hilly area at the same time and space. It supported that the species which are highly dependent on natural habitats might undergo greater impact when the habitat was damaged by agricultural activities and we should pay more attention to them, especially in the land development of their distribution areas.
The polyamorous threat to nonmarriage
Authors: Baker Katharine K.
Published: December 2022

Some progressive U.S. Cities and several Canadian provinces now provide mechanisms for polyamorous families to register as such with state authorities. More than a million people in the United States identify as polyamorous and many more practice some form of ethical nonmonogamy. This article suggests that the growing recognition of polyamory poses a substantial threat to a simultaneous development in family law: the call by scholars and the Uniform Law Commission for courts to enforce a more implied contract, implied partnership and equitable claims in the context of non‐marital conjugal cohabitation. Non‐marital cohabitants argue that courts can infer marital‐type commitments to share property from the fact of conjugal cohabitation. They argue that their nonmarriage should entitle them to the kinds of relief afforded to divorcing couples. But polyamorous conjugal cohabitation involves very different norms and commitments to reliance, partnership and transparency than does traditional marriage. Marital‐type relief maps awkwardly, if at all, onto the reality of most polyamorous relationships. By bringing into relief that which we cannot necessarily assume about conjugal cohabitation, the recognition of polyamory questions what many proponents of more legal protection of nonmarital couples ask courts to assume about conjugal cohabitation, namely that it gives rise to reasonable reliance on a status quo and an intent to share property. Moreover, by providing a means for polyamorous households to register their relationships, polyamorous registration normalizes the idea of non‐marital relationship registration. The more normal and expected it is for people who want rights as some form of family to register their familial intent with the state, the harder it is for those who have not so registered to argue that the state must treat them as some sort of family.