bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EVALUASI INTERAKSI KOMBINASI OBAT ANTIHIPERTENSI DENGAN OBAT ANTIDIABETIK DI INSTALASI RAWAT JALAN RUMAH SAKIT UMUM KMC LURAGUNG
Authors: Utami Putri , Maesaroh Imas
Published: February 2024

Hipertensi dapat didefinisikan sebagai tekanan darah persisten dimana tekanan sistoliknya di atas 140 mmHg dan tekanan diastolik di atas 90 mmHg. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jumlah kejadian dan gambaran interaksi kombinasi obat hipertensi di Instalasi Rawat Jalan Rumah Sakit Umum KMC Luragung berdasarkan aplikasi Medscape. Penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah observasional dengan metode bersifat analisis deskriptif menggunakan desain studi retrospektif. Sebanyak 14 pasien yang sedang melakukan rawat jalan di instalasi rawat jalan poli internis RSU KMC Luragung sebanyak 12 pasien mengalami interaksi obat, dan 2 pasien tidak mengalami interaksi obat. Berdasarkan tingkat keparahan pada pengobatan pasien hipertensi di instalasi rawat jalan RSU KMC Luragung  tingkat monitor ketat sebanyak 75%; dan Minor sebanyak 25%.
Study evaluating prevalence of Taurodonts in patients using Cone Beam Computed Tomography
Authors:   Rehman College of Dentistry, Peshawar, Zia ur Rehman Arbab
Published: February 2024

Objective: The objective of the study was to evaluate prevalence of taurodonts in patients using cone beam computed tomography. Design: Descriptive cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: This study was undertaken in Department of Radiology, Rehman College of Dentistry, Peshawar, from 15th July 2022 till 15th January 2023. Methodology: Cone Beam Computed Tomography scans of 120 patients of both genders between 18 and 60 years of age were studied for the presence of taurodonts. Results were analyzed with the help of SPSS version 21. Chi-square was applied for comparison of genders and teeth of maxilla and mandible. Results: Out of 120 Cone Beam Computed Tomography scans (N=120), There were 69 females (57.5%) and 51 males (42.5%) having mean age of 32.02, ranging from 18-55 years with a standard deviation of 13.45 years. 11 patients(9.16%) had taurodonts. There was prevalence of taurodonts in maxilla (n=8, 6.66%). No significant statistical difference was observed between the male and female groups (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Taurodontism is a complex anomaly which is prevalent and more common in maxilla. Dental practioners need to be vigilant to properly diagnose and treat such patients. Keywords: Taurodontism, Maxilla, Pulp, Cone Beam Computed Tomography, Endodontics, Orthodontics. How to Cite This: Rehman AZ, Khalid MD, Alam S, Khan IA, Arbab KN, Bashir G et al. Study evaluating prevalence of Taurodonts in patients using Cone Beam Computed Tomography. Isra Med J. 2023; 15(2): 56-59. DOI: https://doi.org/10.55282/imj.oa1383
Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Mobile Learning Terhadap Minat Belajar Matematika Siswa SMP Negeri 18 Medan
Authors: Meri Lidya Olga Nauli Hutabarat
Published: February 2024

This study was aimed to develop mobile learning media for students' learning interests at SMP Negeri 18 Medan which meet valid, practical and effective criteria. The research method used is the ADDIE development model which has 5 stages, namely: analysis, design, development, implementation and evaluation. The subjects of this study were 35 students of class IX-2 at SMP Negeri 18 Medan. The results showed that: (1) the development of mobile learning media for students' interest in learning mathematics met very valid criteria with an average percentage of 86.91% based on validation by media experts and an average percentage for material of 83.25% based on validation by material experts; (2) the development of mobile learning media for students' interest in learning mathematics meets practical criteria with an average percentage of 80.47% based on student response questionnaires to learning media; (3) the development of mobile learning media for students' interest in learning mathematics meets the criteria of being effective with an average percentage of 74.68% based on a questionnaire on students' interest in learning mathematics. Based on the results obtained, it can be concluded that the developed mobile learning media for students' interest in learning mathematics is feasible to use.
Analisis Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Pendapatan Petani Sayur Di Desa Mekar Jaya Kecamatan Sungai Gelam Kabupaten Muara Jambi
Authors: Muhammad Imaduddin  , Hansen Rusliani  , Lidya Anggraeni
Published: February 2024

This research was conducted with the aim of discussing the Analysis of the Factors Influencing the Income of Vegetable Farmers in Mekar Jaya Village, Sungai Kaca District, Muara Jambi Regency. The factors or variables used and examined for their effect on income are capital, land area, and price. This research is a quantitative method of multiple linear regression research and uses primary data obtained directly from respondents by filling out a questionnaire. The answers to the questionnaires were tested or analyzed using SPSS (Statistical Package For Social Science) 26 software. The results of the research that has been done show that capital partially affects the income of vegetable farmers. Land area partially does not affect the income of vegetable farmers. Prices partially do not affect the income of vegetable farmers. Then based on the results of the f test it was found that simultaneously capital, land area, and price did not affect the income of vegetable farmers in Mekar Jaya Village, Sungai Gelam District, Muara Jambi Regency.
Analisis Laporan Realisasi Anggaran dalam Mengukur Kinerja Keuangan Desa
Authors: Hesti Yulia Sabono  , Sahusilawane Wildoms
Published: February 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur kinerja keuangan Desa Waai, Kabupaten Maluku Tengah untuk Tahun Anggaran 2021-2022 dengan menggunakan Laporan Realisasi Anggaran. Data yang dimanfaatkan melibatkan penggunaan data sekunder dan data primer, khususnya dalam bentuk Laporan Realisasi Anggaran Pemerintah Desa Waai Tahun 2021-2022 dan wawancara langsung dengan staf

keuangan desa. Penelitian ini menerapkan metode deskriptif kuantitatif, dengan teknik analisis data menggunakan rasio efektivitas dan rasio efisiensi. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Desa Waai pada tahun 2021 dan 2022 memiliki tingkat efektivitas yang dapat dikategorikan sebagai cukup efektif, berdasarkan rata-rata rasio efektivitas yang dihasilkan diatas 80% yaitu, 85% dan 99%, efisiensi desa Waai pada tahun 2021 dan tahun 2022 dari rata-rata rasio efisiensinya dikategorikan tidak efisien, karena rata-rata efisiensinya diatas 85% yaitu, 102,5% dan 104,3%.
Integrating Technology in Learning: A Literature Review
Authors: Samad Samad , Arifin Nofri Yudi
Published: February 2024

The use of technology in learning has become an increasingly important topic in the modern educational context. This literature review investigates the concept of integrating technology in the learning process, its impact on student motivation and engagement, as well as differences in learning achievement between technology-based learning and conventional methods. The results of the literature review highlight the importance of investing in technology training for lecturers and students, developing interesting learning materials, and increasing technology accessibility for all students. In addition, the literature review also emphasizes the importance of collaboration between universities, technology companies, and universities in developing innovations in educational technology. By implementing the proposed suggestions, it is hoped that the integration of technology in education can improve the quality of learning and overall student achievement.
Tensión geopolítica en torno a Taiwán
Authors: Castillo Iglesias Just
Published: February 2024

Este artículo examina la estrategia internacional de Taiwán en un entorno geopolítico en rápida evolución, que cada vez es más incierto y complejo. Los gobiernos taiwaneses han perseguido un delicado equilibrio entre las aspiraciones de Taiwán de hacerse un hueco en la comunidad internacional con el fin de salvaguardar su autogobierno y su seguridad, y la necesidad de mantener unas relaciones estables con China que permitan preservar el delicado statu quo a través del Estrecho.  La creciente influencia económica y política de China plantea un desafío a esta estrategia, limitando la capacidad de Taiwán para establecer y mantener relaciones diplomáticas y participar en los asuntos internacionales. El pueblo taiwanés, cuya identidad está cada vez más desvinculada de China, se opone mayoritariamente a la perspectiva de la unificación. Sin embargo, la amenaza latente de unificación por la fuerza hace que el statu quo sea visto como la opción más prudente y preferida por los taiwaneses.  La determinación de Taiwán para defender sus intereses y el compromiso de sus aliados, especialmente de Estados Unidos, serán fundamentales para garantizar su seguridad y la estabilidad en el Estrecho.
Corral petit i tanca alta
Authors: Tiempo Devorado Redacción
Published: February 2024

En aquest article, fruit conjunt de diversos integrants de la redacció, s'ha intentat desenvolupar un experiment: traçar el perfil del discurs d'una personalitat acadèmica i diplomàtica xinesa. En aquest cas, de Yan Xuetong, degà d'estudis de Relacions Internacionals a la Universitat de la Universitat Tsinghua, i enviat més, o menys extraoficial del govern de la República Popular de la Xina en els darrers anys. S'ha recorregut a algunes eines de nova generació per traduir i bolcar a text llargues intervencions i ponències a internet -especialment vídeos publicats a YouTube- que, després de ser seleccionades i confrontades, s'han completat -i alhora confrontat- amb informació elaborada per IA. D'aquesta manera, en un curt període de temps s'han pogut establir idees principals d'aquest “Brzezinski xinès” referides a la confrontació estratègica entre Washington i Pekin.
Projet JEUN’ESS en Tunisie : les maisons de jeunes mises à l’écart
Authors: Nasri Chiheb
Published: February 2024

La démocratisation socioéconomique exige la présence d’une intermédiaire qui assure l’inclusion économique et l’équité sociale par l’alliance, l’osmose et l’articulation entre la politique et les citoyens. En tant que médiateur, l’animateur socioculturel assure l’émancipation des jeunes et soutient leur engagement professionnel en formant, motivant, facilitant et finançant leurs idées de projets. Cet article pose les jalons d’une réflexion sur le rôle indispensable des maisons des jeunes dans le domaine de l’économie sociale et solidaire, presque inexistant en Tunisie, en centrant l’analyse sur le projet JEUN’ESS mis en œuvre par l’Organisation internationale du travail (OIT), en partenariat avec le ministère de l’Économie, des Finances et de l’Appui à l’investissement se réalisant dans le cadre du programme EU4YOUTH (Appui à la Jeunesse Tunisienne) financé par l’Union Européenne.
Translators and Their Use of ChatGPT
Authors: Ruoqi Shi , Yuan Xiong , Gochuico Maria Theresa
Published: February 2024

It is undeniable that machine translations are becoming a trend nowadays for their convenience, almost perfect accuracy, and immediacy. This paper is focused on the AI tool ChatGPT. The advent of AI in their translation process such as ChatGPT brings convenience but, at the same time, challenges. ChatGPT has been one of the applications that revolutionized the translation process. However, the elephant in the room is, “Is there still a need for human translators should they be replaced by these translation apps?” In this regard, this paper is directed to two overarching questions. First is “What kind of challenges are caused by ChatGPT for translators?” Second is “What strategies can translators adopt to address these problems?” To comprehensively respond to these queries, the descriptive method has been adopted. The participants of this paper are 18 licensed human translators, selected through incidental sampling, who all work in the IELTS language training center and process an average of 2,000-3,000 words per day. The data gathered were analyzed using descriptive statistics and thematic analysis. This paper has found that (i) ChatGPT is advantageous in the reduction of workload, particularly with languages that the translator is unfamiliar with; (ii) there are uncertainties with the integration of ChatGPT in the translation process; and (iii) there is a need for professional translators to develop and enhance their language skills and their competencies that are pertinent to translation.
Combined Land Subsidence Analysis in Jakarta Based on Ps-InSAR and MICMAC Methods
Authors: Handika Rendi , Widodo Joko , Pravitasari Andrea Emma
Published: February 2024

Penurunan muka tanah menjadi salah satu masalah di kota-kota pesisir delta di dunia, seperti Jakarta. Di kota ini, penurunan tanah sudah merata di seluruh wilayah. Berbagai faktor penyebab penurunan muka tanah dapat menimbulkan dampak secara ekologi, ekonomi, maupun sosial. Dampak yang terjadi umumnya berupa retaknya bangunan dan perluasan banjir. Oleh karena itu, kami perlu melakukan pengukuran dan pemantauan secara cepat dan berkala. Persistent Scatterer Interferometry Synthetic Aperture Radar (PS-InSAR) ialah metode yang digunakan untuk mendeteksi besaran nilai penurunan muka tanah di daerah perkotaan. Metode ini mampu menghasilkan gambar SAR dari distribusi ribuan titik pantau identifikasi faktor penyebab penurunan muka tanah di Jakarta. Hasil PS-InSAR terdeteksi nilai laju penurunan muka tanah rata-rata sebesar -5,71 cm/tahun, yang dominan berada di wilayah Jakarta Utara dan Jakarta Barat. Terdapat beberapa faktor penyebab penurunan muka tanah, kami melakukan analisis faktor ini menggunakan metode MICMAC (Matrix of Cross Impact Multiplications Applied to a Classification). Metode ini membantu mengidentifikasi hubungan dan relevansi antar faktor penyebab penurunan muka tanah. Hasil metode ini menunjukkan bahwa eksploitasi air tanah berlebihan dan konsolidasi alami tanah aluvial sebagai faktor yang berpengaruh signifikan terjadinya penurunan muka tanah di wilayah Jakarta.
Abstract
Land subsidence is one of the problems in delta coastal cities in the world, such as Jakarta. In this city, land subsidence has been evenly distributed throughout the region. Various factors causing land subsidence can have ecological, economic, and social impacts. The impacts that occur generally include the cracking of buildings and the expansion of flooding. Therefore, we need to carry out measurements and monitoring quickly and regularly. Persistent Scatterer Interferometry Synthetic Aperture Radar (PS-InSAR) is a method used to detect the magnitude of land subsidence in urban areas. This method is capable of producing SAR images from the distribution of thousands of monitoring points to identify factors causing land subsidence in Jakarta. PS-InSAR results detected an average land subsidence rate of -5.71 cm/year, which was dominant in the North Jakarta and West Jakarta areas. Several factors cause land subsidence, we analyzed these factors using the MICMAC (Matrix of Cross Impact Multiplications Applied to a Classification) method. This method helps identify the relationship and relevance between factors causing land subsidence. The results of this method produce excessive groundwater exploitation and natural consolidation of alluvial soil as factors that have a significant influence on land subsidence in the Jakarta area.
Penilaian Status Kualitas Air Baku untuk Air Minum di Area Concentrating Division PT Freeport Indonesia
Authors: Susanto Arif , Zannah Miftahul , Putro Edi Karyono , Manuel Anthony Andorful , Yochu Wiliam Engelberth , Mahlisa Rizky
Published: February 2024

The quality of drinking water necessitated by workers is determined by raw water quality acquired from surface runoff. It shall qualify the Government of Indonesiaꞌs regulation on quality requirements. This research aims to analyze raw water quality used as the primary source of potable water by using The Pollution Index (PI) and Storage & Retrieval (STORET) method. Analysis results of the raw water quality using IP and STORET methods, respectively, scores at 0.612 and 0. This raw water classification meets the required quality metrics since all physical, chemical, and microbiological parameters score below threshold limit values. Based on the STORET method, this raw water is classified as an A category. The raw water quality shall always be assured of being polluted or contaminated. One of the paramount indicators to ensure this quality is to implement laboratory examination and daily inspection routinely toward parameters of physical, chemical, and microbiological presence in the water. Examination results that exceed the thresholds indicate the presence of pollution in the water and shall be immediately rectified.
Abstrak
Kualitas air minum yang dibutuhkan oleh pekerja ditentukan oleh kualitas air baku yang diperoleh dari surface runoff. Kualitas air baku ini harus memenuhi syarat kualitas yang ditetapkan oleh Pemerintah Republik Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kualitas air baku yang dipergunakan sebagai sumber air minum dengan menggunakan metode Indeks Pencemaran (IP) dan Storage and Retrieval (STORET). Hasil analisis kualitas air baku dengan metode IP dan STORET masing-masing memiliki skor 0,612 dan 0. Klasifikasi air baku dikategorikan memenuhi baku mutu karena semua parameter fisikia, kimia, maupun mikrobiologi memiliki nilai di bawah baku mutu. Klasifikasi air baku ini berdasarkan metode STORET memiliki kategori A. Air baku tersebut harus selalu dipastikan kualitasnya agar tidak tercemar maupun terkontaminasi. Hal yang perlu dipastikan yaitu menerapkan pengujian laboratorium serta pemeriksaan harian secara rutin terhadap kandungan parameter fisika, kimia, dan mikrobiologinya. Hasil pengujian yang melebihi baku mutu mengindikasikan adanya cemaran pada air baku tersebut sehingga harus segera dilakukan tindakan perbaikan.
Green Logistics dan Extended Producer Responsibility untuk Pengelolaan Sampah Kemasan Makanan dan Minuman di Universitas Widyatama
Authors: Fauzi Muchammad , Hartati Verani , Setijadi  , Nugraha Salwaa Roudhoh , Nursalim Salsabila , Puspani Nissa Syifa
Published: February 2024

Food and beverage packaging waste is the predominant category of household waste on the Widyatama University campus. Responsibility for waste management lies with Widyatama University and requires collaboration from diverse stakeholders, including producers. Waste management employs various methods. The research endeavors to construct a waste management model utilizing concepts of green logistics and extended producer responsibility (EPR) to bolster the green campus initiative by harnessing packaging waste potential. The green logistics concept runs a series of processes—reduction, recycling, reuse, and material substitution—directed at packaging waste and transportation to a Waste Bank. EPR concept incorporates policies incentivizing environmentally-conscious product creation, expanding the producer's responsibility. This concept extends to collaborations with small and medium enterprises (SMEs) around campus. Research simulations demonstrate a substantial reduction in waste volume, from 144 m3 to 72 m3 annually. The cost of waste management decreases by Rp11,352,400 from Rp36,244,800 to Rp24,872,400 annually, resulting in an efficiency of 31.34%.
 
Abstrak
Sampah kemasan makanan dan minuman merupakan jenis sampah rumah tangga terbesar di kampus Universitas Widyatama. Pengelolaan sampah itu menjadi tanggung jawab pihak Universitas Widyatama dan memerlukan keterlibatan dan dukungan dari berbagai pihak, termasuk pihak produsen. Pengelolaan sampah dapat dilakukan dengan beberapa metode. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah membuat model pengelolaan sampah dengan pendekatan konsep green logistics dan extended producer responsibility (EPR) untuk mendukung green campus melalui pemanfaatan limbah kemasan makanan dan minuman di lingkungan Universitas Widyatama. Konsep green logistics diterapkan dengan rangkaian proses reduction, recycle, reuse, dan subsitusi material pada sampah kemasan dan pengirimannya ke Bank Sampah. Konsep EPR memiliki prinsip kebijakan yang mendorong sistem penciptaan suatu produk dengan mempertimbangkan aspek lingkungan dari sisi daur hidup produk tersebut dengan cara memperluas tanggung jawab produsen. Konsep ini diterapkan melalui kolaborasi dengan usaha mikro kecil dan menengah (UMKM) di sekitar lingkungan kampus. Dari simulasi pada penelitian ini diperoleh penurunan volume sampah dari 144 m3 menjadi 72 m3 per tahun. Biaya pengelolaan sampah turun sebesar Rp11.352.400 dari Rp36.244.800 menjadi Rp24.872.400 per tahun, sehingga diperoleh efisiensi sebesar 31,34%.
The Role of the Russian Orthodox Church in the Propaganda and Development of the Ideology of Rashism
Authors: Hado Nataliya
Published: February 2024

The article presents the main aspects of the activities of the Russian Orthodox Church (ROC) in the propagation and development of racism, and in particular the ideology of the "Russian world". The text presents a short history of the establishment and activities of the Russian Orthodox Church before Russia's attack on Ukraine, and its influence on the formation of the ideology of racism after the outbreak of the war.
“That girl Briseïs” and Her Modern Representations
Authors: Szatanik Zuzanna
Published: February 2024

The main goal of this article is to conduct a comparative feminist analysis of three literary texts, which is focused on a single character depicted in them, Briseïs. The first of these texts is Homer’s The Iliad. Here, Briseïs is a slave of Achilles who, in Book 1, is abducted by Agamemnon, which becomes a charge of conflict between the two warriors. In the epic, Briseïs speaks only once, to mourn the fallen Patroclus. Her lament is the starting point for the interpretation of this character in two modern retellings of The Iliad. A Thousand Ships by Natalie Haynes was published in 2019 and a year later was shortlisted for the Women’s Prize for Fiction for retelling the classic through a feminist lens. Madeline Miller’s The Song of Achilles was published in 2011 and was awarded Orange Prize for Fiction. It focuses primarily on the deep bond – both romantic and erotic – between Achilles and Patroclus. Whereas Briseïs is not a protagonist in either text, both novels transform her into a nuanced individual with agency and a voice.
Houyhnhnms on the Island of Doctor Moreau: An Analysis of Monstrosity
Authors: Konkol Sławomir , Mychal Bartosz
Published: February 2024

Monstrosity in literature takes vivid forms, from quasi-human beings to utterly inhuman ones. This paper both analyses and compares two of its forms – Houyhnhnms of Jonathan Swift's satire titled Gulliver's Travels, and the Beast People of The Island of Doctor Moreau, the science-fiction novel by Herbert George Wells. The article also depicts the figures of these authors themselves, as well as the historical background of their works; furthermore, it analyses the matter of anthropomorphising inhuman monstrosity and its influence on readers. By noticing similarities between Houyhnhnms and the Beast People, the text classifies them both into the kind of monstrosity developed neither by Jonathan Swift or H.G. Wells.
Exploring the Humorous Dynamics of Brand Communication: A Verbal -Visual Analysis of Memes in Facebook Marketing Strategies
Authors: Bury Beata
Published: February 2024

Internet memes function as a humorous commentary on social, political, or emotional aspects of life, accompanied by static or animated graphics. Online marketing recognizes the potential of Internet memes, utilizing them to achieve business goals, reach a large user base, and build positive associations with a brand. This article analyzes the phenomenon of Internet memes in the context of brand promotion and creation. It delves into the humorous dimension of Internet memes and the role humor plays in the extracted research material. The article discusses events from 2021 that brands leveraged to build customer relationships and solidify their position in the broader social context. The research material consists of Internet memes published on the Facebook accounts of well-known brands in 2021. To capture the multi-layered, ambiguous content encapsulated in a concise visual message and to conduct a thorough exploration of Internet memes, both quantitative and qualitative analyses of the research material were employed. The results indicate that brands use memes to build a positive image, increase customer loyalty, and gain a competitive edge. Memes in marketing employ irony, sarcasm, or linguistic play to generate customer interest and enhance brand awareness.
Shadows and Songbirds: Unraveling the Layers of Harper Lee's Masterpiece
Authors: Kowalska Magdalena
Published: February 2024

This review of Harper Lee's classic, 'To Kill a Mockingbird,' highlights its remarkable ability to intertwine an engaging narrative with profound thematic depth. Set in the American South of the 1930s, the novel presents the story of young Scout Finch, growing up amidst racial injustice and moral integrity. I particularly praise Lee's skill in presenting complex themes through the innocent eyes of a child, making the book accessible and relatable to a broad audience. The character of Atticus Finch is highlighted as an embodiment of morality, with his relationship with his children serving as a conduit for values of empathy and justice. Despite minor criticisms regarding character development and plot resolution, I deem 'To Kill a Mockingbird' an important and significant work in American literature. Recommended for a wide range of readers, especially those interested in American literature, social justice, and moral philosophy, the book scores a solid 9 out of 10. It is recognized as a timeless classic, continuing to resonate with new generations of readers and maintaining relevance in contemporary discussions about social and ethical issues.
Is Simultaneous Bilateral Knee Replacement a Safe Approach for Patients with Bilateral Knee Osteoarthritis? A Prospective Case-control Study
Authors: Abdalla Mohammad , Elsagheir Mohamed , Ashrey Ahmed , Elbannan Mamdouh , Richards Owen , Azzam Akram , Sadek Fouad , Abo-Elsou Mohamed
Published: February 2024

Background. Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is the standard treatment for terminal knee osteoarthritis. Simultaneous bilateral total knee arthroplasty (STKA) can be a cost-effective and practical option for patients with degenerative joint disease affecting both knees. The purpose of this study was to assess complication rates and functional outcomes following simultaneous versus staged bilateral total knee replacement.Material and methods. Approximately 60 individuals who experienced debilitating knee osteoarthritis were enrolled in a prospective study with a randomized comparative design. Out of these, 30 patients underwent simultaneous total knee arthroplasty (STKA), while the remaining 30 individuals underwent two separate surgeries with a gap of 3-6 months between each procedure for both knees. After excluding 7 patients from both groups, a total of 53 patients were included in the study and followed up for at least 12 months.Results. Pre-operative demographic parameters were equated between both groups. The overall number of systemic complications was higher in the simultaneous group compared with the stagedone. Systemic complications were correlated with the elderly and high-risk populations. However, simultaneous procedures were safe in a low-risk group with shorter hospitalization and operative times.Conclusions. 1. Simultaneous bilateral total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is considered safe and feasible mainly for younger individuals with ASA 1 or 2 health status. 2. Patients undergoing simultaneous bilateral TKA experience significantly reduced hospital stays. 3. The procedure may not be advisable for elderly patients at a higher risk of systemic complications.
Oncological results in primary and secondary malignant chest wall tumors
Authors: Kocaman Gökhan , Kahya Yusuf , Mine Konuk Balcı Buse , Mustafa Yenigün Bülent , Özkan Murat , Özakıncı Hilal , Karasoy Duru , Yüksel Cabir , Enön Serkan , Kayı Cangır Ayten
Published: February 2024

Background: This study aims to evaluate the oncological results of primary and secondary chest wall tumors treated with curative resections and to investigate possible prognostic factors.

Methods: Between January 2010 and December 2021, a total of 77 patients (53 males, 24 females; median age: 59 years; range, 3 to 87 years) who underwent curative resection for malignant chest wall tumors were retrospectively analyzed. Each tumor was staged according to its histological type. Age, sex, tumor diameter, tumor type (primary/secondary), histological tumor type, grade, stage, complete resection, rib resection, reconstruction, neoadjuvant and adjuvant therapy, recurrence, and survival data were recorded.

Results: Of the chest wall tumors, 33 (42.9%) were primary and 44 (57.1%) were secondary (local invasion, metastasis). Nine (11.7%) patients had positive surgical margins. Chest wall resection was most commonly performed due to lung cancer invasion (46.8%), followed by Ewing sarcoma (13%). Recurrence was observed in 34 (44.2%) patients. The five-year recurrence-free survival rate was 42.7% and the five-year overall survival rate was 58.6%. There was no significant difference between the primary and secondary tumors in terms of recurrence-free and overall survival (p=0.663 and p=0.313, respectively). In the multivariate analysis, tumor grade and rib resection were found to be independent prognostic factors for both recurrence-free survival (p=0.005 and p<0.001, respectively) and overall survival (p=0.048 and p=0.007, respectively).

Conclusion: Successful oncological results can be achieved in wellselected patients with primary and secondary chest wall tumors. The grade of the tumor should be taken into account while determining the neoadjuvant or adjuvant treatment approach and surgical margin width. Rib resection should not be avoided when necessary.
The prognostic significance of PD-1 and its ligands in non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Usluer Ozan , Elif Gökbayrak Özde , Erol Aylin , Çağrı Aktaş Tekincan , Batıhan Güntuğ , Örs Kaya Şeyda , Üçvet Ahmet , Aydoğdu Zekiye , Altun Zekiye , Öztop İlhan , Aktaş Safiye
Published: February 2024

Background: In this study, we aimed to investigate the prognostic value of programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1), programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1), and programmed cell death ligand 2 (PD-L2) expressions on immune and cancer cells in terms of survival in patients with lung adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and large cell carcinoma.

Methods: Between January 2000 and December 2012, a total of 191 patients (172 males, 19 females; mean age: 60.3±8.4 years; range, 38 to 78 years) who were diagnosed with non-small cell lung cancer and underwent anatomic resection and mediastinal lymph node dissection were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were evaluated in three groups including lung squamous cell carcinoma (n=61), adenocarcinoma (n=66), and large-cell carcinoma (n=64). The survival rates of all three groups were compared in terms of immunohistochemical expression levels of PD-1, PD-L1, and PD-L2.

Results: The mean follow-up was 71.8±47.9 months. In all histological subtypes, PD-1 expressions on tumor and immune cells were observed in 33% (61/191) and in 53.1% (102/191) of the patients, respectively. Higher expression levels of PD-L1 and PD-L2 at any intensity on tumor and immune cells were defined only in lung adenocarcinomas, and PD-L1 and PD-L2 values were detected in 36.4% (22/64) of these patients. The PD-L1 expressions on tumor and immune cells were observed in 41.7% (10/24) and 25% (6/24) of the patients, respectively. The PD-L2 expressions on tumor and immune cells were detected in 16.7% (4/24) and 8.4% (2/24) of the patients, respectively. Univariate and multivariate analyses revealed that PD-1 expression in tumor cells was an independent prognostic factor in all histological subtypes.

Conclusion: Our study results suggest that PD-1 expression is a poor prognostic factor for overall survival in patients with completely resected adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and large cell carcinoma.
Management options of valvular heart diseases after heart transplantation: A scoping review
Authors: Yilmaz Ogulcan , Keenan Niamh M.
Published: February 2024

Background: This study aimed to outline the valvular changes following heart transplantation and describe the management options to address these conditions.

Methods: A literature search using EMBASE, MEDLINE, and PubMed databases was performed in accordance with the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines in this study. Clinical studies involving patients who had their first heart transplant and articles that mentioned management for valvular heart disease were included. Treatment options were grouped into four categories: cardiac surgery other than retransplant and valve surgery, valve replacement and repairs, nonsurgical interventions, and conservative management.

Results: Nine hundred and three (6.56%) patients out of 13,757 patients (10,529 males, 3,228 females; mean age: 60.3±10.4 years; range, 20 to 83 years) undergoing heart transplantation were identified with valvular disease affecting one or more valves. The mean interval between the transplant and the diagnosis of valve disease was 11.31±6.95 years. The most common valvular heart disease was tricuspid regurgitation, with 796 (94.09%) occurrences, followed by mitral regurgitation (n=22, 2.6%), aortic regurgitation (n=14, 1.65%), aortic stenosis (n=11, 1.3%), and mitral stenosis (n=3, 0.35%). Additionally, the number of surgical valve replacement and repairs (n=89) was higher than nonsurgical interventions (n=20).

Conclusion: Acquired valvular heart diseases after cardiac transplantation are an infrequent clinical presentation that can cause valvular changes in the recipient. According to the extracted data, there is no sole superior management option, and more research is needed in this area.
Cough-induced rib fractures: A comprehensive analysis of 90 patients in a single center
Authors: Oğuzhan Özyurtkan Mehmet , Arslan Ulukan Zeliha , Temel Uğur
Published: February 2024

Background: This study aims to evaluate clinical and radiological characteristics of the patients with cough-induced rib fractures.

Methods: Between January 2008 and December 2022, a total of 90 patients (35 males, 55 females; mean age: 58±20 years; range, 20 to 92 years) who had cough-induced rib fractures were retrospectively analyzed. Patients' characteristics, findings of physical and radiological examination, and patients’ outcomes were recorded.

Results: Of the patients, 64% were postmenopausal, 37% had metabolic disease of the bone, and 21% had chronic cough. Cough etiology was acute upper respiratory tract infection (32%), followed by chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Thoracic computed tomography documented 154 fractures. Cough-induced rib fractures were mostly on the right side (58%). Multiple fractures were more commonly seen in older patients (p=0.007), in the presence of novel coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia (p=0.03), and metabolic disease of the bone (p=0.01). Mostly the sixth rib was affected (23%). Most fractures (81.3%) affected the fourth to ninth ribs. Most fractures developed on the anterolateral aspect of the rib (51%). The mean duration of hospital stay was 5.0±1.6 days. Morbidity developed in one patient (1.1%) (hemothorax). Mortality occurred in two patients (2.2%) due to COVID-19 pneumonia and acute myocardial infarction.

Conclusion: Localized pain after cough should be investigated in terms of cough-induced rib fractures. Cough-induced rib fractures are mostly seen in the presence of acute upper respiratory tract infection, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and pneumonia. Postmenopausal women are more risky to develop cough-induced rib fractures. Multiple cough-induced rib fractures are common in the presence of metabolic disease of the bone, older age, COVID-19 pneumonia.
Onboarding Process Automation
Authors:   University of Economics - Varna, Varna, Bulgaria, Radev Mihail
Published: February 2024

Automating this process, related not only to new and existing employees, but also to HR, employee department managers, and IT staff, can make the process and all related tasks more efficient to save time and avoid human errors. New hires will know the steps of the process and will be more likely to begin the actual work for which they were hired. Employees from the HR department will be able to focus on more important tasks, for example, on the adaptation of newly arrived employees or on interviewing with the departing employee. Automating the process of onboarding can also be a step towards automating other repetitive actions in the HR or IT department.
Gross Domestic Product of Bulgaria – Dynamics and Structure
Authors:   University of Economics - Varna, Varna, Bulgaria, Ivanova Tatiana
Published: February 2024

The presented paper assesses the dynamics and production structure of Bulgaria’s gross domestic product (GDP) for the period from 2000 to 2022. Minor changes are noted both in the period surrounding the country’s accession to the EU and during the two global crises – financial and Covid-19. The changes reflect the process of convergence with the rest of the EU countries. The author has arrived at the conclusion that, although it has a number of shortcomings, the Gross Domestic Product metric provides the most comprehensive insight into the current state, developments and trends in the economy and is justified in being used as the main measure of economic activity.
Customer Experience Aspects of Gen Z in Tourism Travels
Authors:   University of Economics - Varna, Varna, Bulgaria, Dyankov Todor
Published: February 2024

Customer experience in tourism travels has become a vital element in the management approaches of private and public specialist organizations. In order to stay highly competitive on the marketplace, the contemporary tourism industry has to constantly find out ways to improve the quality of customer experience. A successful way in this direction is to obtain the most relevant knowledge about the customer and his / her experience characteristics. Therefore, the research goal of this study is to reveal the key customer attitudinal and perceptual experience characteristics of Generation Z while planning, consuming and post reflecting their tourist travels. The attitudinal features of cognitive, affective, and conative consumer behavior are researched in relation with the sensory aspects of the individual’s perceptions along with the standpoint of the company’s value proposition.
Fiatalkori szerfogyasztás, szabadidő eltöltési szokások és a szerhasználat összefüggései, a prevenció jelentősége a kortárscsoportok motivációiban
Authors: Tóth Balázs , Kelemen Krisztián , Karácsony Ilona , Pakai Annamária
Published: February 2024

Bevezetés: A kutatás célja Szombathely Megyei Jogú Városban felmérni a fiatalok szerhasználati szokásait és szabadidő eltöltéshez kapcsolódó viszonyaikat. Anyag és módszer: Kvantitatív, keresztmetszeti kutatás. Nem véletlenszerű, kényelmi mintavétel célcsoportja a Szombathelyen működő alap és középfokú oktatási intézmények 5-13. évfolyamos tanulói (N=3293). Adatgyűjtés módszere online, anonim kérdőíves vizsgálat. Időszak: 2021. május-június. SPSS for Windows segítségével leíró és matematikai statisztika számítást végeztünk (p<0,05). Eredmények: a fiatalok legkönnyebben az alkoholhoz és a cigarettához jutnak hozzá. Droghasználat terén a kipróbálást és az alkalmi fogyasztást tolerálják, a rendszeres használatot veszélyesnek tartják. A kortárs csoportokban magasabb arányban van jelen a drogfogyasztás minden szertípus esetében, mint egyénileg (p<0,05). Következtetés: Az elsődleges motiváció a szórakozás és a buli kedvéért történő szerhasználat, a másodlagos pedig az új élmények megszerzése és megküzdés a megoldatlan lelki problémákkal. A drogfogyasztás rizikófaktorai az idősebb életkor, a kortárs csoport nagysága és az iskolatípus (főként szakképző iskola, gimnázium, technikum).
Identification of genetic variants of bGH, GHR and IGF1 gene and their association with lactation persistency in Tharparkar cattle
Authors: GEORGE LINDA , M R VINEETH , OSHIN  , YOUSUF SALEEM , GUPTA I D
Published: February 2024

Persistency can be explained as number of days during which the high level of milk production is maintained after the peak milk yield. The aim of this study was to identify genetic variants of bovine-Growth Hormone (bGH), Growth Hormone Receptor (GHR) and Insulin like Growth Factor1 (IGF1) gene and their association with lactation persistency in Tharparkar cattle. Study was carried out using data of daily milk yield, monthly test days, total milk yield and peak yield of 372 lactation records of 190 Tharparkar cattle maintained at Livestock Research Centre of ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute from 1996-2019. Lactation persistency was estimated using Woods and Wilminks method and its least squares means were 2.37±0.08 and -5.4±0.56, respectively. Investigations on polymorphism were performed using seven reported primers for amplifying targeted regions of bGH, GHR and IGF1 gene. In PCR-RFLP, bGH-MspI RFLP had shown polymorphism in intron 3 and its genotypic frequencies were TT 0.49, CT 0.39 and CC 0.12. The allelic frequency of C and T were 0.31 and 0.69, respectively. The bGH-AluI RFLP had shown monomorphism in exon 5. GHR-AluI had shown polymorphism in exon 10 with only two genotypes AA and AG with frequency of 0.92 and 0.08, respectively. The frequency of A and G allele was 0.96 and 0.04, respectively. In GHR-StuI and IGF1-TasI in promoter region, RsaI in exon 3 and SnaB I in exon 1 had shown monomorphism. No significant association was found between genetic variants of bGH and GHR with lactation persistency in Tharparkar cattle.
Effect of dietary supplementation of Vitamin E on the resumption of cyclic ovarian activity in Murrah buffaloes
Authors: MILI BHABESH , PANDITA SUJATA
Published: February 2024

The postpartum anestrus and silent estrus are the challenging cause for low reproductive efficiency in buffaloes especially in tropical climate conditions. This study was aimed at assessing the effect of dietary supplementation of vitamin E on the resumption of cyclic ovarian activity in periparturient Murrah buffaloes through plasma progesterone (P4) hormone profiles. The Murrah buffaloes (n=12) were selected during their late gestation based on the expected date of calving that fall between November and February, from ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute livestock herd and were divided randomly into two groups (n=6). Buffaloes of group I were given only the control diet, while group II was supplemented with 2000 IU/day/head vitamin E along with control feed. Blood samples were collected from each buffalo at weekly intervals from day +21 to +56 after calving. Plasma P4 was estimated by direct radioimmunoassay (RIA). The results revealed that plasma P4 levels were statistically non-significant between groups except on day 21. However, the overall P4 profile of each buffalo indicated ovarian activity; from day 28 postpartum in supplemented group and day 42 in the control group. From the experiment, it could be inferred that the dietary supplementation of vitamin E has no effect on the resumption of cyclic ovarian activity/ steroidogenesis.
Socio-economic impact of COVID-19 pandemic on dairy farm households in West Bengal state
Authors: MUNSHI SAHIN AKTAR , DAS ABHIJIT , G P SHIVASWAMY , DEVI M C ARUNMOZHI , SUBASH S , JEYAKUMAR S , SIVARAM MUNIANDY
Published: February 2024

India is one of the leading economies that have been stuck hard by the COVID-19 pandemic and the stringent measures were put in place to combat it. Among several sectors, dairy sector is the most affected as dairy products are highly perishable and rely on time-sensitive supply chains. Though studies are available on the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on dairy sector, there are no studies on COVID-infected dairy farm households. The present study was an attempt to assess the socio-economic impact of COVID-19 pandemic on infected and uninfected dairy farm households in West Bengal. The study covered pre-lockdown, lockdown (both 1st and 2nd wave) and post-lockdown phases of COVID-19 pandemic. The primary data was collected from 150 dairy farm households (COVID-19 infected-75 and uninfected-75) in Murshidabad and Nadia districts of West Bengal. Dairy Economic Performance Index consisting of number of milch animals, milk yield, marketed milk, milk procurement price, concentrate price and veterinary cost was developed using principal component analysis. In order to make infected and uninfected groups statistically comparable, propensity score matching technique was employed. The index values were compared between matched infected and uninfected groups over different phases of COVID-19 pandemic. Dairy households incurred significant economic losses during the lockdown and post-lockdown periods due to increase in cost of concentrates, decline in the number of milch animals and drop in milk procurement prices. Dairy households faced constraints in procuring dry fodder, concentrate feed and in accessing veterinary care. COVID-19 infected dairy farm households had a greater socio-economic hurdle than that of uninfected households.
Effects of intravenous xylazine versus dexmedetomidine premedication with ketamine-midazolam-isoflurane anaesthesia for castration in horses
Authors: RAVIKUMAR KAVIN , RAMAKRISHNAN SIVASHANKAR , HARIDOSS PUSHKINRAJ , ARTHANARI KANNAN THANDAVAN
Published: February 2024

The objectives of this research was to study the sedation and anaesthetic characteristics of intravenous xylazine and dexmedetomidine combined with ketamine-midazolam-isoflurane and to evaluate the cardiopulmonary effects during the anaesthetic period. Stallions were premedicated with xylazine (1.1 mg/kg IV) in Group 1 and dexmedetomidine (3.5 µg/kg IV) in Group 2. Sedation quality was evaluated and scored. General anaesthesia was achieved with ketamine (2.2 mg/kg IV) and midazolam (0.1 mg/kg IV) in both groups and anaesthesia was maintained with isoflurane inhalant in fresh oxygen gas flow (6-8 L/min). All the stallions underwent an orchiectomy by the half- closed method. Cardiovascular variables and pulmonary variables were recorded using multi gas vital sign monitor. Anaesthetic parameters, reflex status and quality of muscle relaxation were assessed. After the surgical procedure, recovery was monitored and scored on 6 point scale. Sedation score and quality was clinically better in Group 2. The difference in cardiopulmonary variables was statistically not significant. However, statistically significant changes were noticed between two groups with regard to some blood gas values during the intra-operative and at 15 min post anaesthetic period. Quality of muscle relaxation was better in group 2. Recovery was not significant. Overall quality of anaesthesia and recovery was almost similar in both the groups. In conclusion, both drug combinations produced satisfactory results for castration in the horses studied. In this study, dexmedetomidine at 3.5 µg/kg and xylazine at 1.1 mg/kg sedative doses did not result in much significant changes compared to one other.