bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Features of the morphogenesis of oxalate and urate urinary stones in urolithiasis patients from heavely industrialized region
Authors: Barannyk Kostyantyn , Ishkov Valeriy , Barannyk Serhiy , Duka Ruslan , Molchanov Robert
Published: November 2024

Aim

The prevalence of urolithiasis among the adult population in intensive industrial regions exceeds the established norms by 3.4 times, correlating with environmental contamination by heavy metals. It can have influence on mechanisms of uroliths formation and their structure.

Material and methods

A comparative analysis of the morphology of 246 kidney stones from residents of one of heavily industrialized region of Ukraine, was conducted. Petrographic examination of the calculi was performed through microscopic analysis. The qualitative composition of the calculi was investigated using X-ray structural analysis of fragments and dust remnants of the stones, which were formed during the preparation of thin sections.

Results

A distinctive characteristic of all mineral components is their varying microblock structure and the presence of organic material inclusions. The inclusion of an organic component reduces the strength of the crystalline layers. Urolith resembles a brittle-hollow environment, which in certain cases allows for the selection of the most effective methods of their destruction (lithotripsy).

Conclusions

A common feature among all mineral components is their diverse microblock structure and the presence of organic inclusions, which diversify the strength characteristics of uroliths. The prior determination of these characteristics allows for the selection of the most effective method for destructive treatment (lithotripsy). The combination of data on the ontogenesis of uroliths, their mineral composition, and the state of the electrolyte balance in the body of a patient with urolithiasis will allow choosing an individually effective method of metaphylaxis of the disease.
Association Between plasma Angiotensinogen level and response to valsartan among sample of hypertensive Iraqi patients
Authors: Mahmoud Haneen Sajid , Saheb Hussein A , Mohammad Bassim , Sultan Ahmed M , Kadhim Sinaa Abdul Amir , Swadi Asma A
Published: November 2024

Aim

Aims: to ascertain if AGT polymorphism [rs699 (T235M), rs5051 (A-6G)] affects the success of valsartan treatment for essential hypertension in Iraqi patients, here, we demonstrate that two of these variations contribute nothing to the clinical response to valsartan.

Material and methods

Data obtained at the Al-Diwaniyah teaching hospital in Iraq by researchers from the Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics in the College of Medicine at University of Al-Qadisiyah from July 2022 to July 2023. All participants (aged 20 to 70) had been taking valsartan 160 mg once day for essential hypertension for at least two weeks before to the study. There were a total of 90 participants, 37 males and 53 women. Initial investigations of hypertension have indicated that the angiotensinogen gene has a substantial impact in susceptibility to essential hypertension through observational cross sectional descriptive single center study.

Results

Indicate, in patients with essential hypertension, that the "AGT gene A>G (rs699) and C>T(rs5051)" have high angiotensinogen level, and there is no significant association between these two (rs699, rs5051) and responsiveness to valsartan (P >0.05).

Conclusions

There is no significant association between these two (rs699, rs5051) and responsiveness to valsartan (P >0.05).
Blood serum interleukins levels and their relationship with colon tissue prostanoids in experimental ulcerative colitis
Authors: Vasylieva Iryna , Nakonechna Oksana , Popova Liudmyla , Yarmysh Natalia , Bezrodna Anastasiia , Pustova Nataliia
Published: November 2024

Aim

is to study IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 blood serum levels and their relationship with colon tissue prostanoids in experimental ulcerative colitis.

Material and methods

Blood serum interleukins and colon tissue prostanoids were determined by enzyme immunosorbent assay on three groups of WAG population rats (1st control group – rectal saline injection; 2nd control group – 50% ethanol injection; experimental group – injection of 2,4-dinitrobenzenesulfonic acid in 50% ethanol).

Results

The increased levels of all interleukins both in 2nd control and experimental groups versus 1st control group were found. No differences in IL-6, IL-8 levels between experimental and 2nd control groups were revealed. The relationships between interleukins and PGF2α, between interleukins and TXB2 in all groups, and the appearance of correlations between interleukins and PGE2, between interleukins and PGI2 in experimental group were observed. Negative correlations between IL-8 and COX-2 in 1st control, between IL-8 and COX-1 in both 2nd control and experimental groups were found. Negative correlation between 8-epi-PGF2α and IL-8, positive correlation between 8-epi-PGF2α and PGF2α in experimental group were revealed.

Conclusions

Results obtained testify the possible role of PGF2α and 8-epi-PGF2α in the development of ulcerative colitis and justify the importance of research on the link of 8-epi-PGF2α, IL-8, PGF2α for understanding the mechanisms of development and progression of this disease. Increasing blood serum IL-8 level may be used as marker of reducing colon tissue COX-1 content in both ethanol- and 2,4-dinitrobenzenesulfonic acid-induced ulcerative colites
Lyme borreliosis in Ivano-Frankivsk district, Ukraine: a epidemiological and clinical characteristics (2000-2022)
Authors: Pryshliak Oleksandra , Boichuk Oleksandr , Fedorov Sergii , Kvasniuk Victoriya , Vaskul Nadiya , Protsyk Andrii , Tylishchak Zoriana
Published: November 2024

Aim

To give epidemiological and clinical characteristics of the morbidity of Lyme borreliosis in Ivano-Frankivsk region for the period of 2000-2022 years.

Material and methods

There were used annual reports (form №1) from the State Institution “Ivano-Frankivsk Regional Center for Disease Control and Prevention of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine” and 200 of “Medical records of inpatients” (form 003/о) of the Ivano-Frankivsk Regional Clinical Infectious Diseases Hospital for 2000-2022 years.

Results

The morbidity of Lyme borreliosis in the Ivano-Frankivsk region has been permanently increasing since 2000. Natural foci have been identified, the number of which is increasing every year. There was noted late admission of patients to the Infectious Disease Hospital from the beginning of the disease, mainly at the stage of migratory annular erythema. There were almost no phenomena of intoxication and fever during the acute period. There were often observed the phenomena of hepatosis, joint damage and manifestations of the nervous system at the disseminated and chronic stages.

Conclusions

All landscape zones of Ivano-Frankivsk region are enzootic regarding Lyme borreliosis. Over the last 10 years in the region there is a tendency to a sharp increase of Lyme borreliosis morbidity. The clinical peculiarities of the disease in Ivano-Frankivsk region are: the absence of intoxication at the stage of migratory erythema, the phenomena of hepatosis. During the second and third stages of the disease there are polymorphic symptoms: recurrent erythema, damage of the retina, joints, liver, nervous system.
Histopathological, Immunohistochemical and Physiological study for the Hepatoprotective effect of melatonin against Inhrifampicin induced hepatotoxicity in mice model
Authors: Dosh Rasha Hatem , Al-Rehemi Siham Mahmood , Frayyeh Maha Jamal , Al mudhafar Rihab Hameed , Abdulkadhim Hussein
Published: November 2024

Aim

Aim: The purpose of this study is to assess the hepatoprotective effect of melatonin against isoniazid (INH) and rifampicin (RMP) induced hepatotoxicity in albino mice.

Material and methods

Materials and Methods: Adult male mice were divided into four groups: saline, INH-RMP, INH-RMP+MT and MT were administered for 21 days. Biochemical analyses were performed for the determination of ALT, AST. Histopathological changes in the liver and Immunohistochemical assessment to determine the expression of Caspace3 were also examined.

Results

Results: Biochemical analysis revealed significant increases in serum ALT and AST in INH-RMP group. Histopathological findings demonstrated severe liver damage in INH-RMP group as compared with control group. In contrast, treatment of mice with melatonin (MT) markedly mitigated the liver injury. Immunohistochemical findings demonstrated apoptotic marker caspace3 significantly higher in INH-RMP group as compared with control group.

Conclusions

Conclusions: Experimental findings highlight the potential benefits of melatonin in this model, prompting speculation on its potential application in human therapy.
Evaluation of immunohistochemical expression of collagen type I in bone defect treated by local application of collagen and Beta – Tricalcium phosphate in rats
Authors: Hussein Bayan Jabr , Ghani Ban A.
Published: November 2024

Aim

Background: As a part of the healing process after an injury, during skeletal development, or during ongoing remodeling throughout adulthood, bone has the innate ability to regenerate. Aims: This study aimed to estimate outcome of combined application of collagen/β- tricalcium phosphate (Coll /β- TCP) on bone defect healing by immunohistochemical localization of collagen type I.

Material and methods

Material and Methods: A total of 20 adult male rats (albino rats) were used in this study. Four intra bony defects were created in both femurs of each rat, three defects were treated with Coll, β- TCP and combination of Coll /β- TCP while forth defect left to heal spontaneously as control. Scarification of animals was done after 2- and 4-weeks healing periods (10 rats for each). Immunohistochemical localization of collagen type I (COL1) monoclonal antibody was done for all bone specimens.

Results

Results: Immunohistochemical results showed positive expression of (COL1) by bone cells osteoblast (OB), osteocyte (OC), osteoclast (OCL) and bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) at 2- and 4-week duration for all examined groups with variable rates of intensity. Mean values of immunoreactive score (IRS) decreased with time for bone cells and for BMSCs except for OC where values increased with time as the highest values were recorded in combination group at 4 weeks.

Conclusions

Conclusion: Combined application of (Coll /β- TCP) was effective in accelerating bone healing process through elevating the IRS of (COL1) noticed by osteoblast, osteocyte and bone marrow stromal cells
Challenges and opportunities in implementing telemedical solutions for COPD management in the polish healthcare sector: a short communication presenting own experience
Authors: Tański Wojciech , Teplicki Andrzej , Stapkiewicz Anna , Szalonka Adrianna , Kulas Izabela , Jankowska-Polańska Beata
Published: November 2024

Aim: The aim of this article is to present and discuss the conclusions of a finalized pilot project implementing telemedical solutions for COPD management within the senior population in Wrocław and the Lower Silesian Voivodeship during 2022-2023. The project aimed to analyze and summarize the implementation of telemedical solutions in the context of pulmonology in the Polish healthcare sector. It also aimed to contribute to the development of innovative strategies to improve care for individuals with COPD through the use of telemedical technologies. Materials and methods: An interdisciplinary and comprehensive pilot project in pulmonology was applied, dividing it into health, organizational, and technological areas. The steps and data collection strategy were presented, enabling the implementation of telemedical solutions among COPD patients in Poland. The implementation of telemedical solutions in COPD represented an innovative approach to improving care. Among the main goals of the project were to reduce patient waiting times, enhance disease progress monitoring, and provide access to specialized healthcare through the use of modern telemedical technologies. Various telemedical solutions were implemented, including remote monitoring of health parameters, online consultations with pulmonology specialists, and patient education on self-monitoring of symptoms. Conclusions: The analysis of the pilot project implementing telemedical solutions in the field of pulmonology in the Polish healthcare sector has shown that telemedicine can improve care for COPD patients. The project's outcomes indicate the potential for reducing patient waiting times and better monitoring of disease progression. However, these aspects require improvement and refinement, particularly in terms of systemic solutions.
PULMONOTOXIC XENOBIOTICS AND METHODS OF THEIR DETERMINATION IN AMBIENT AIR OF NUCLEAR POWER PLANT EQUIPMENT
Authors: Zaitsev Andrii S. , Pulyk Oleksandr R. , Vastyanov Rooslan S. , Stoyanov Oleksandr M. , Biesieda Yaroslav V. , Maidanyuk Volodymyr Р. , Zaitsev Serhii V.
Published: November 2024

Aim: To identify appropriate methods for determining the content of radioactive and non-radioactive pulmotoxic xenobiotics in the ambient air of NPP equipment
to ensure its reliability, radiation and environmental safety, as well as to reduce the risks of occupational pathologies for workers and protect people’s health.
Materials and Methods: Analytical methods of analysis of modern methods of determining the content of radioactive and non-radioactive pulmonary toxic
xenobiotics in the ambient air of NPP equipment.
Conclusions: a) during operation of NPP equipment, pulmotoxic xenobiotics enter the surrounding air, which can then enter the human respiratory system in
the form of radioactive or non-radioactive substances; b) significant methods of determining the content of pulmotoxic xenobiotics in the air are: gas chromatography;
gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; liquid scintillation; photometric, ionometric, polarographic, titrometric, turbidimetric, atomic absorption,
radiometric and γ-spectrometric measurements; c) radioactive pulmonotoxic xenobiotics cause radiation pathologies in the respiratory organs as a result of
internal radioactive irradiation of the body; d) the effects of non-radioactive pulmotoxic xenobiotics are accompanied by irritation and inflammatory processes
in the respiratory organs, as well as toxic swelling of the lungs; е) there is a connection between the presence of pulmotoxic xenobiotics in the air and the course
of human respiratory diseases as a result of breathing such air.
The study of the hypoxia markers against the background of prolonged hyperglycemia in experimental animals
Authors: Preys Nataliya I. , Savytskyi Ivan V. , Denisiuk Olga Yu. , Sarakhan Vasyl M.
Published: November 2024

Aim: The aim of article is to investigate the energetic functions of retinal mitochondria under conditions of chronic hyperglycemia to understand the pathogenic
mechanisms involved in the development of this diabetic complication.
Materials and Methods: The experimental study was carried out on non-linear rats which were divided into 2 groups: intact animals and rats with diabetic
retinopathy. We investigated the level of lactate, pyruvate and adenine nucleotides.
Results: The increase in lactate and pyruvate levels may indicate a reduction in the energy potential of the retina under conditions of experimental diabetic
retinopathy, while the elevation of adenine nucleotides activity suggests the activation of energy processes and the development of adaptation to hypoxia
in retinal cells.
Conclusions: The analysis of lactate and pyruvate levels, as well as adenine nucleotides, may serve as prognostic markers in predicting the severity of diabetic
retinopathy in the context of prolonged hyperglycemia.
Artur Leist o literaturze (nie tylko) gruzińskiej
Authors: Dąbrowska Magdalena
Published: November 2024

Arthur Leist (8 July 1852, Breslau – 22 March 1927, Tiflis) was a German writer, journalist, and translator of Georgian and Armenian literature. He was born and educated in Breslau. In Poland he published, among other works, The Sketches from Georgia (Warsaw 1885; German edition: Georgien: Natur, Sitten und Bewohner, 1885). He died in Tiflis and was buried in the Didube Pantheon. This paper presents Leist’s statements about Georgian literature and Western European, Russian, and Armenian literature, based on The Sketches from Georgia and the article About the Georgian Literature (Ateneum 1884). The paper consists of four chapters: 1. Preface (Leist’s biography, Andrzej Woźniak’s research, Leist’s publications in Poland, etc.); 2. The echoes of European literature (Russian romantics – A. Pushkin, M. Lermontov – about the Caucasus, A. Griboyedov, G. Byron and Byronism, translations of Mickiewicz’s poetry into Georgian, etc.) 3. Georgian literature (Shota Rustaveli, N. Baratashvili, I. Chavchavadze, etc.) 4. Around the opinions of literary critics. Instead of a conclusion, the paper includes reviews of The Sketches from Georgia in periodicals such as Ateneum, Kurier Codzienny, and Przegląd Literacki, as well as Leist’s relationship with Friedrich Bodenstedt and his journalistic style.
Georgian-Polish Literary Relations and the Conspiracy of 1832
Authors: Dvalishvili Luka
Published: November 2024

Georgian-Polish political, economic, and literary-cultural relations have a long history. Despite the geographical distance between these countries, the current historical, political, and economic situation in the world has led to a certain rapprochement of the peoples with these two great histories. Georgian-Polish cultural relations especially strengthened, diversified, and reached a new height in terms of quantity and artistic mastery in the late 30s of the 19th century and the following era. The representatives of the creative Polish intellectuals who moved to Georgia tried in every way to convey their literary ideas created in Georgia to their compatriots in Poland. From the collected materials, it can be seen without any doubt that a great spiritual kinship was established between one of the best parts of Polish society who immigrated to our country and Georgians. It is interesting to know that the Poles who immigrated to our country created not only Georgian, but also the “Caucasian flow of Polish poetry and prose”. Even among the creative samples of Poles who immigrated within this framework, their works will be outstanding and unique. In our deep belief, among the rich Polish literature, interesting literary works on Georgian and non-Georgian topics can be distinguished by Polish writers and public figures who immigrated to Georgia in the second half of the 18th century and the first half of the 19th century.
Stop-klatki z podróży do Kutaisi (stolica Imeretii w tekstach z drugiej połowy XIX i początku XX wieku)
Authors: Wojciechowski Paweł
Published: November 2024

In the present sketch, the research vector is directed towards the area of travel texts published in the second half of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century, in which the Georgian city of Kutaisi appears – as outlined by the reflections of travellers going to the region of Georgia and the Caucasus at that time (Arthur Leist, Edward Strumpf, Adam hr. Sierakowski). The texts cited in this sketch have an identical message, a similar writing task: in all of them, the traveller’s perception and sensibility brings out historical truth and a present-day view of the city framed between the past and the new. In the descriptions of the selected authors, it is particularly valuable to combine two perspectives: private, individual (adventures, reflections, experiences of the author himself) with cultural, historical, collective (multifaceted cultural heritage, national identity, economics).
Georgia in the Works of Polish Scientists
Authors: Pkhakadze Nino
Published: November 2024

Georgian-Polish relations are reflected in archival materials, travelers’ notes, memoirs, and fiction. In the works of Polish scholars, Georgia is presented in various aspects: historical, literary, cultural, ethnographic, and linguistic. The renowned orientalist stands out among among Polish scholars. His works were related to the issues of the Caucasus. Jan Reychman himself was a friend of the Georgians, and in his writing, he presented the relations between Poles and Georgians in his literary creativity. Georgia is portrayed from a historical perspective in the works of the Polish scholar Bogdan Baranowski. In his research, he explored both Georgian-Polish literary connections and the history of Georgia. Other Polish researchers have also made Georgia the subject of scientific study. Among them, Andrzej Furer deserves special mention. During his internship in the 1980s, he familiarized himself with historical sources in the archives and museums of Tbilisi. Petre Borawski should be mentioned among the Polish scholars interested in Georgia. He is well acquainted with the history of Georgia and was a direct participant in political processes. In 1991, he was a member of the delegation that signed the treaty of friendship and cooperation between Georgia and Poland. The Polish patriot Aleksander Chodźko, who immigrated to Georgia in the 1830s, spent two years in Tbilisi studying the Georgian language. He published a book in Polish in London in 1833, in which one of the essays was dedicated to Shota Rustaveli. When we talk about the works of Polish scholars on Georgia, we cannot overlook Jan Braun, a great friend of Georgia. He was a Polish linguist, Kartvelologist, and Basque scholar. His doctoral dissertation was on the topic: “Multiplicity of the Georgian verb” (1955). He also described Georgian manuscripts kept in Krakow (1958). He translated several poems by N. Baratashvili, A. Tsereteli, G. Leonidze, and some samples of Georgian folklore into Polish. Georgian-Polish relations are characterized by political, economic, cultural, and military ties. In the works of Polish scholars, Georgia is presented as a country with an ancient history, diverse cultural experiences, rich literary traditions, and a language remarkable for its structure and linguistic features.
Narodziny „Lucifera”: poetycki "Kaukaz" Tadeusza Micińskiego
Authors: Ławski Jarosław
Published: November 2024

The author of this study analyzes the poetic cycle of the distinguished Polish lyric poet Tadeusz Miciński (1873–1918). The cycle, consisting of 19 poems titled Caucasus, was published in 1903 in the magazine Ateneum and later, after years of fragmentation, incorporated into the novel Nietota. The Secret Book of the Tatras (Kraków 1910). The interpreter questions what Miciński’s Caucasus represents against the backdrop of the Polish tradition of Caucasus portrayals. Exile to the Caucasus, forced enlistment into the Tsarist army, and Polish literature emerging from and upon return from the Caucasus have created a specific image of it: mountains boiling with history, exotic mountains. The Caucasus also appears in Polish ethnogenetic myths and in Messianism. Meanwhile, for Miciński, it serves as a symbol, metaphor, and metonymy of an internal striving for transformation. As a result, an internally dialectical “I” is formed, composed of human, luciferian, and divine elements. One of the few Caucasian accents here is the invocation of Shota Rustaveli, the Georgian poet, author of The Knight in the Tiger’s Skin, who is depicted as the “melancholic” singer of Queen Tamar. In the context of this image, an unsorrowful, vital trinitarian subject emerges in the lyrics, who, within the cycle-constellation code, addresses Lucifer with “I will go there.” The evolution of Miciński’s subject leads him, in 1913, to active engagement in history-making once again.
„Jestem specjalistą od samego siebie” – cytowanie modeli autokreacji
Authors: Stangret Paweł
Published: November 2024

The article is focused on the ways of quoting the artistic legends. Sentence in the title by Tadeusz Kantor is specific for his own building the image, the legend. Connection the work of art, commentary and biography (in private, as well in art) was performed in correct form of communication. Kantor was building himself as a text, he created his own legend, but also ways of reading his creation and his image. It was performed during interviews, meetings etc. Kantor didn’t hide his self-creation (it was one of the forms of this creation). One of the ways of it was appointment for predecessors. It wasn’t only forms of intertextuality – quotations, motives, hints etc.), but he appointed the legends, the former artists as a texts. The most important was two of them. The first was Stanisław Wyspiański – Kantor underlined community of motives (f.e. motive of returning of Odysseus), but also he created the continuation of legends (community of Kanonicza street in Cracow, elegance etc.). The another one was Witold Gombrowicz. Kantor many times has appointed to him, but in art there wasn’t so much relations. The most interesting is quotation of Gombrowicz as a text. Very similar in both cases are ways of self-creation. Very important is problem of visuality (in art and also besides it). Comparison the Kantor and Gombrowicz is interesting because the author of Ferdydurke didn’t create the visual image (opposite to Kantor), but strategies of self-creation are similar.
Droga pisarska Heleny Filochowskiej
Authors: Budrewicz Tadeusz
Published: November 2024

The article reconstructs the biography of a writer, journalist, and caretaker of soldiers in the Foreign Legion. It traces her life journey: Łomża – Kraków – travels across Europe – stay in Oran. It describes Filochowska’s connections with daily newspapers (“Goniec Krakowski”, “Ilustrowany Kurier Codzienny”) and periodicals (“Świat Kobiecy”). The author’s novels (Sztylet, Macierzyństwo, Alarm, Sierżant Szarota, Kariera panny Maniusi) addressed women’s issues from an aesthetic-somatic perspective. Filochowska wrote novellas and short stories – the article identifies their first press publications and their critical reception. Collections of novellas (Nasz kruk, Czarne łabędzie, Historia jednej nocy, Kobieta w masce, Kobra) were recognized by literary critics as interesting portrayals of women’s psychology, though somewhat one-sided in their emphasis on eroticism. From today’s perspective, the courage with which the author wrote about the issues of gender biology, as well as the subordination of women at home and in public spaces, justifies a renewed appreciation of her work.
Filozoficzny zapis dramatu wojny w dziennikach Karola Ludwika Konińskiego
Authors: Sawicki Adam
Published: November 2024

The article presents Karol Ludwik Koniński (1891–1943) as a chronicler of war events, describing the physical and moral effects of the war in his immediate surroundings, as well as referring to the war taking place in a broader sense. The aim is to show how the attitude of this thinker and publicist was shaped under the influence of these events. It is also about relating his reactions to current events and deep personal experiences related to them to the religious reflections and views he formulates on the pages of his diaries, pointing out that the tragic wartime everyday life was reflected in Koniński’s philosophical views on God, evil, and suffering. The analysis refers to parts of Koniński’s diaries entitled War and Notes.
Associations between early marriage, women’s empowerment, and infant mortality in Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Adedini Sunday A. , Abatan Sunday Matthew , Sunmola Kazeem Adebayo , Ogunsakin Adesoji Dunsin , Shittu Sarafa Babatunde
Published: November 2024

Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is characterized by high gender inequality and a high rate of early marriages of girl children, which could have a negative influence on child health outcomes and child mortality in the region. This study examined the influence of child marriage on infant mortality in selected countries in SSA. We used Cox proportional hazard models to analyze pooled data (N = 33,549 children) from the Demographic and Health Surveys of 28 SSA countries. Our study established that children of child brides faced heightened risks of infant mortality compared with children of women who married after the age of 18, although this relationship became insignificant after controlling for women’s empowerment and other control variables. Therefore, the findings support the hypothesis that a certain extent of women’s empowerment could moderate the relationship between early marriage and infant mortality in regions where early marriages occur due to the low socioeconomic status of women. We conclude that ensuring women empowerment and increasing their economic opportunities (such as involvement in the agriculture and formal employment sectors) will lead to decreases in child marriage, thereby reducing infant mortality in SSA.
The role of saroglitazar in the treatment of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis in non-diabetic patients: A prospective observational study
Authors: Kumar Jata Shankar , Bhardwaj Priyanshu , Chadha Akul , Kar Premashis
Published: November 2024

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) is a metabolic disease characterized by hepatic fat accumulation and significant inflammation. Patients with hepatic steatosis who also have at least one of the five cardiometabolic risk markers are considered to have metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease. MASH is diagnosed when a microscopic examination of liver tissue reveals fat accumulation in hepatocytes along with inflammation and destruction of liver cells. This study aims to assess the role of saroglitazar, a dual proliferator peroxisome-activated receptor agonist, in the medical therapy of MASH in non-diabetic patients. A prospective observational study was carried out in a tertiary care facility in north India. A total of 51 non-diabetic MASH patients (males and females, 18 – 75 years of age, body mass index ≥18.5 kg/m2) were included in this study. Diagnosis of MASH was based on liver FibroScan (controlled attenuation parameter [CAP] score >238, liver stiffness measurement [LSM] value >7kPa) along with raised liver enzymes (serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase [SGOT], serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase [SGPT] > upper value of normal limits). All these 51 patients received 4 mg once-daily dose of saroglitazar for the treatment of MASH for 24 weeks. In this study, a standard treatment protocol was used. The percentage changes in aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and LSM with CAP were evaluated using an analysis of variance test and multiple regression analysis. About 72.5% of these patients were male and 27.5% were female (male: female ratio of 2.6). The mean age of patients was 51 ± 13.13 years. Pre- and post-treatment values of different parameters were compared. Pre-treatment mean values of ALT and AST were 93.83 ± 6.16 U/L and 76.13 ± 4.1 U/L, respectively, while their post-treatment mean values were 32.97 ± 2.15 U/L and 34.57 ± 1.65 U/L, respectively (P-value for AST and ALT <0.001). In conclusion, saroglitazar is effective in the medical management of MASH by reducing liver stiffness and suppressing elevated liver enzymes (SGOT/SGPT) as well as serum LDL levels over 6 months.
Les formes de l’autonomie
Authors: Colliaux Raphaël , Codija Paul
Published: November 2024

Ce numéro spécial de la Revue suisse d'anthropologie sociale et culturelle souhaite prêter attention aux pratiques d’assemblées comme outil de décisions collectives au sein de groupes humains qui revendiquent des formes multiples d’autonomie politique vis-à-vis des États. Ce dossier se propose d’ethnographier des processus décisionnels dans divers espaces sociaux, aussi bien en contexte autochtone postcolonial (Amazonie, Andes, Amérique du Nord) que dans un mouvement social de l’Europe occidentale (Espagne). La description de ces réunions donne à voir une multiplicité de stratégies que les personnes inventent et mettent en oeuvre pour décider ensemble, former une union politique et essayer de faire société selon des termes distincts de ceux qui caractérisent le modèle étatique. Par-là, ces ethnographies invitent à réinterroger les outils conceptuels de l’anthropologie pour penser le politique.
Commoning as Social Struggle
Authors: Mazukatow Alik
Published: November 2024

The article provides an empirical insight into urban initiatives that advocate for better urban mobility infrastructures and outlines a theoretical perspective of commoning infrastructures as a terrain for political struggles. Rather than constructing commons as the interplay of methodologically presumed elements (resources, a community of commoners, and their institutions of commoning) it takes a relational perspective on commoning that asks how activists mobilize and relate heterogeneous elements to make urban mobility infrastructures a common political concern. Based on ethnographic fieldwork on mobility activism in Berlin, the second part of the article illustrates such a relational perspective and presents three modes of commoning. To achieve what is called “mobility transition” (i. e. more sustainable and equitable urban mobility infrastructures), activists rely on mobilizations of knowledge, space, and affect.
On Disquieting Ground
Authors: Jaslet Robin
Published: November 2024

This article focuses on attempts by inhabitants of the island of Samothraki, in North-Eastern Greece, to make sense of rapid soil erosion and degradation. Through the use of ethnographic vignettes, collected during my first fieldwork on the island in August of 2022, and broader ethnographic material, I show the imbrication of landscape perception with questions of collective ethics as well as the specific forms of social uncertainty which emerge from soil instability. The article highlights specific and local discursive attempts to make sense of broader processes, including weather events, as prompts used by Samothracians to think about their ways of inhabiting their own island.
Pegada do fogo no Pantanal: avaliação do impacto em áreas florestais no Sítio Ramsar, Estação Ecológica de Taiamã
Authors: Ketllen dos Santos Souza Andressa , Costa de Arruda Joari , Leal Sander Nilo , Da Silva Nogueira Carolina Joana , Lopes Lázaro Wilkinson , Samiko Miyazaki Selma , Zanella Kantek Daniel Luis
Published: November 2024

Os incêndios são fatores importantes de perturbação aos ecossistemas florestais, com forte impacto sobre as condições bióticas e abióticas do ambiente. Nas últimas décadas houve um aumento substancial nas ocorrências desses eventos em todo o mundo, resultando em um desequilíbrio em relação à recuperação dos ecossistemas. Nesse sentido, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o impacto de incêndios florestais em parcelas de floresta poliespecífica localizadas na Estação Ecológica de Taiamã, uma unidade de conservação federal localizada no bioma Pantanal. Para tal, foram aferidas a circunferência na altura do peito (CAP) e altura total ≥ 3 m de cada indivíduo, em duas parcelas permanentes de 1 hectare cada, com a identificação de todos os indivíduos arbóreos. A primeira amostragem ocorreu em 2019, sendo que umas das parcelas (A) foi atingida por um incêndio em 2011, e a outra (B) não. A segunda amostragem ocorreu em 2020, após um incêndio que afetou as duas parcelas neste mesmo ano. Os resultados indicam claramente que a passagem do fogo nos sítios de amostragem diminuiu substancialmente sua abundância e a diversidade, e que houve alteração na composição das parcelas. A obtenção de dados dos impactos dos grandes incêndios em ambientes florestais é essencial para uma gestão eficaz dos incêndios no bioma Pantanal.
O fogo e a herpetofauna no Pantanal: observações durante e após os incêndios
Authors: Valencia-Zuleta Alejandro , Richter Aline , Do Valle Alvarenga Gabriela , De Queiroz Batista Flavia Regina , Bairos Moreira Leonardo Felipe , Arbo-Meneses Bruna , Gomes Lustosa Ana Paula , Strüssmann Christine , Abrahão Carlos Roberto , Gomes Côrtes Lara
Published: November 2024

O Pantanal vem sofrendo diferentes ameaças ao longo dos anos, as quais têm alterado suas paisagens e prejudicado o pulso de inundação. Desde 2020, uma das maiores preocupações relativas à conservação de biodiversidade do bioma é a mudança do regime de fogo e os impactos dos grandes incêndios. O aumento na frequência e na intensidade de incêndios é uma das ameaças apontadas pela ciência como causa de declínio mundial das populações de anfíbios e répteis. O objetivo principal deste trabalho foi descrever os padrões observados na composição, distribuição e história natural das espécies de répteis e anfíbios amostrados durante e após os eventos de incêndio que vêm afetando o Pantanal desde 2020. Além disso, apontamos as dificuldades enfrentadas para estimar o impacto do fogo sobre a herpetofauna local e sugerimos aprimoramentos da metodologia utilizada. Os dados foram obtidos durante seis expedições, realizadas entre 2020 e 2023, em momentos hidrológicos distintos (seca e vazante) e em diferentes circunstâncias de amostragem: emergência e monitoramento. Emergência compreende os registros feitos durante eventos de incêndio e consistiu na contagem de animais mortos; enquanto o monitoramento, aplicado em momentos sem fogo, consistiu na amostragem passiva e ativa de animais vivos. Para cada espécie registrada durante as amostragens buscamos na literatura informações complementares sobre a categoria de risco de extinção, habitat e hábitos. Considerando as expedições e as diferentes metodologias aplicadas, contabilizamos 1708 registros de 45 espécies nos municípios de Barão de Melgaço e Poconé. A riqueza e abundância de anfíbios e répteis responderam de formas diferentes em campanhas emergenciais e no monitoramento. Os anfíbios de grande porte com hábitos terrestres ou semifossoriais, assim como as serpentes aquáticas e semiaquáticas, foram os grupos com maior número de carcaças registradas após os incêndios. Durante o monitoramento, entretanto, avistamentos de serpentes aquáticas foram muito reduzidos. Nesse contexto, destacamos a importância de estudos de monitoramento de longo prazo com metodologias adequadas às condições hidrológicas, grupo taxonômico e ocorrência de incêndios. Helicops boitata, uma espécie de cobra d’água endêmica do Pantanal, foi registrada apenas durante a campanha de contagem de animais mortos nos incêndios de 2020, realizada na estação seca. A recorrência de grandes incêndios na região pode representar forte ameaça para essa e outras espécies com hábitos semelhantes. O monitoramento contínuo de áreas amostradas durante incêndios é de extrema importância para identificar espécies resilientes ou intolerantes ao fogo e fundamental para o desenvolvimento de medidas de conservação adequadas para cada grupo taxonômico.
Peningkatan Kompetensi Guru PPKn Melalui Penelitian Tindak Kelas di Kalabahi
Authors: Bani Marsi D. S , Ly Petrus , Lobo Leonard , Kollo Fredik L , Femau Wempi
Published: November 2024

Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (PkM) yang dilaksanakan di Kabupaten Alor bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kompetensi guru PPKn melalui pendampingan penulisan karya tulis ilmiah berbasis hasil Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK). Program ini memberikan materi dan pelatihan kepada guru PPKn agar dapat menulis dan mempublikasikan artikel ilmiah dari PTK yang dilakukan di kelas. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa guru PPKn di Alor mengalami kendala dalam melaksanakan PTK, terutama dalam menentukan gaya belajar siswa yang tepat. Hal ini disebabkan oleh rendahnya partisipasi siswa dalam asesmen awal, sehingga guru kesulitan memetakan gaya belajar, kemampuan, minat, dan bakat siswa. Sebagai akibatnya, guru kesulitan menyiapkan pembelajaran yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan siswa.
Perancangan Sistem Point of Sale CCTV Berbasis Desktop Menggunakan Metode Waterfall (CV. Kadai Komputer)
Authors: Sari Atalya Kurnia
Published: November 2024

CV. Kadai Komputer merupakan sebuah toko yang bergerak dalam bidang teknologi, antara lain closed-circuit television (CCTV), penjualan laptop serta instalasi laptop maupun komputer. Usaha ini melayani pembelian dan pemasangan serta perbaikan dalam hal CCTV. Pada saat ini Kadai Komputer masih menggunakan kertas sebagai media untuk merekam alur jejak transaksi. Sistem seperti ini akan menghabiskan banyak waktu dalam kegiatan rekapitulasi data mulai dari transaksi penjualan, pemasukan serta stok barang dan juga laporan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk membuat sebuah perancangan aplikasi berbasis desktop yang dapat melakukan manajerial pertokoan sederhana sehingga memudahkan pengisian dalam transaksi pembelian dan penjualan, serta membuat laporan dari hasil penjualan tersebut. Aplikasi ini dirancang dengan metode Waterfall. Metode ini mengikuti pendekatan linier dan terstruktur dalam pengembangan sistem, dimulai dari analisis kebutuhan hingga pemeliharaan sistem. Dengan demikian sistem Point of Sale yang dikembangkan dengan menggunakan metode Waterfall akan menjadi solusi yang tepat untuk menyederhanakan proses penjualan pada CV. Kadai Komputer.
The Development of an Integrated Cloud-based System to Enhance Internship Management
Authors: Wan Abdul Rahman Wan Fariza , Mohamad Bustamam Muhammad Syafiq , Putra Yeffry Handoko
Published: November 2024

The internship program is commonly imposed as the partial fulfilment of a degree at the university level. It is a platform where knowledge and theory learned in the classroom can be applied to real working environments, indirectly preparing the students for their future careers. However, the increasing complexity of managing intern attendance and performance tracking in internship programs necessitates a streamlined and efficient solution. More attention should be paid to internship programs to meet the growing competitive job market's needs and fulfil the university requirements. This paper presents the development of E-Kehadiran, a web-based management system to address these challenges. The primary objective of this system is to enhance the accuracy and efficiency of attendance tracking and logbook submissions, thereby improving the overall management of internship programs. The development process involved creating a comprehensive use case diagram to identify and define the interactions between key actors: Super Admin, Supervisor, and Intern (Student). The system features robust functionalities including user registration, secure login, attendance management and logbook handling. Initial deployment and user feedback demonstrate that E-Kehadiran significantly improves administrative processes, ensures accurate record-keeping, and facilitates effective performance monitoring by university and company supervisors. This system fosters better communication and collaboration between educational institutions and industry partners, ultimately supporting the success and development of interns.
Enhancing Teacher Mental Health Literacy: Reliability Assessment of the Student Mental Health Awareness Questionnaire in Malaysia
Authors: Mohd Affandy Mohd Faiz Fansuri , Azman Azlinda , Zainol Intan Nooraini
Published: November 2024

Amidst Malaysia’s burgeoning child mental health crisis, effective early detection and intervention strategies within educational settings are imperative. This study introduces the Student Mental Health Awareness Questionnaire (SMHAQ), designed to evaluate secondary school teachers’ awareness of student mental health issues. Developed to address the gap in mental health literacy among educators, the SMHAQ features 101 items across knowledge, attitudes, and practices domains. Administered to 391 teachers across three Malaysian states, the questionnaire exhibited high internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha of 0.849) and moderate test-retest reliability, affirming its credibility as a comprehensive measure for mental health awareness. However, the study’s limitation to specific regions and a brief test-retest interval underscores the necessity for further reliability testing across a broader educational and cultural landscape. Future research should explore longitudinal applicability and effectiveness in diverse settings, paving the way for more nuanced student mental health interventions. This work represents a vital step forward in integrating mental health awareness into educational frameworks, thus improving student well-being through informed practices. This study underscores the pivotal role of teacher mental health literacy in educational settings, suggesting that improved awareness and understanding among educators can lead to more effective interventions and support for students. The findings advocate for integrating mental health training into teacher education programmes and shaping policies to better equip teachers in managing student mental health issues.
Pengetahuan dan amalan pelaksanaan terhadap kemahiran PAK21 dalam kalangan guru prasekolah
Authors: Osman Nadzirah , Abdul Rani Intan Farahana
Published: November 2024

Kajian ini bertujuan meninjau tahap pengetahuan dan tahap amalan pelaksanaan terhadap kemahiran Pembelajaran Abad Ke-21 (PAK21) dalam kalangan guru prasekolah. Pendekatan kuantitatif dengan reka bentuk tinjauan dilaksanakan dalam kajian ini. Pemilihan subjek kajian dijalankan secara persampelan rawak mudah melibatkan 113 orang guru prasekolah di daerah Batu Pahat. Instrumen kajian ini menggunakan borang soal selidik yang melibatkan tiga bahagian iaitu demografi, pengetahuan terhadap kemahiran PAK21 dan amalan pelaksanan terhadap kemahiran PAK21. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis deskriptif dan inferensi. Analisis deskriptif menjelaskan tahap pengetahuan dan tahap amalan pelaksanaan terhadap kemahiran PAK21. Statistik inferensi pula melibatkan ujian korelasi Pearson yang menerangkan tentang hubungan antara tahap pengetahuan dengan tahap amalan pelaksanaan terhadap kemahiran PAK21. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa tahap pengetahuan terhadap kemahiran PAK21 dalam kalangan guru prasekolah adalah tinggi (M = 3.84, SD= 0.49) manakala tahap amalan pelaksanaan terhadap kemahiran PAK21 dalam kalangan guru prasekolah adalah sederhana (M = 3.15, SD = 0.90). Analisis korelasi Pearson pula menunjukkan terdapat hubungan signifikan yang sederhana teguh (r = .04, p < .01) antara tahap pengetahuan dengan tahap amalan pelaksanaan terhadap kemahiran PAK21 dalam kalangan guru prasekolah. Antara cadangan kajian lanjutan ialah pengkaji baharu boleh melaksanakan kajian mengenai faktor yang mempengaruhi amalan pelaksanaan terhadap kemahiran PAK21 dalam kalangan guru prasekolah dan kajian khusus mengenai amalan pelaksanaan kemahiran kolaboratif di kelas prasekolah. Kesimpulannya, PAK21 merupakan pendidikan masa kini yang penting untuk dititikberatkan dalam kalangan guru dan dilaksanakan daripada peringkat prasekolah.
Effects of problem-based learning approach on enhancement the listening practice
Authors: U-soh Anumat , Abdullah Rohaya
Published: November 2024

The utilisation of the problem-based learning (PBL) approach serves as a pedagogy that enables students to acquire knowledge on genuine concerns and subsequently apply them in practical settings. This particular methodology allows for the incorporation of experiences to facilitate adaptability through the process of learning. Students in the tourism programme are able to support aspects of issues through their last experiences with tourism and it is posited that students engage in collaborative discussions with peers to discuss the issue and acquire knowledge through experiential learning. This study focused mainly on the listening ability of students to apply the PBL approach to enhance their listening ability based on tourism issues. Additionally, the study seeks to explore the opportunities, advantages, and challenges associated with its use. The study was conducted over a period of eight weeks and comprised a sample of thirty-nine students. The data analysis entailed the utilisation of paired sample t-tests for the purpose of testing and thematic analysis for group interviews. The findings on listening ability indicated that the post-test score was higher than the pre-test score. Furthermore, the students acknowledge that the PBL approach is useful for future application and daily life while also having the potential to augment vocabulary acquisition. Conversely, the PBL methodology suggests that extensive engagement in activities is more efficacious for students who possess prior experience with the issues being discussed.