bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MARTIN BUBER: PROBLEM-HISTORICAL UNDERSTANDING OF MAN
Authors:   Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, Kulikov Vladimir B.
Published: August 2022

The philosophy of Martin Buber, a prominent representative of existentialism, is an anthropological pro-ject of understanding the crisis experience of man and society in the 20th century. The evolution of the dialogic idea in the direction of philosophical anthropology is caused by a new vision of historical percep-tion of the problem of man. Moreover, social and personality-oriented motives were decisive in this pro-cess. The path of the problem, from Kant to the present, corresponded to what might be called a situation of reassessment of traditional European values. Buber searches for new spiritual foundations and worldview reference points. He researches the history of human thought and distinguishes between peri-ods of «settledness», when man exists in a stable world, and periods of «homelessness», when man be-comes aware of the homelessness of this world and there takes place his problematization, he becomes a problem for himself. The anthropological perspective is either embedded in cosmological, theological or logological constructions and loses its uniqueness, or acquires a real problematic nature and depth beyond all concepts and schemes. The dialogic perception of philosophical anthropology is organically comple-mented and supported by poetic practices of deep spiritual stories (Hasidism). The author suggests that, due to its complexity, contemporary social reality opens up new possibilities and clarifies the need for di-alogue. Thus, study of M. Buber’s works by historians of philosophy is essential for an adequate under-standing of the present and future of man and humanity.
PYTHAGOREANISM IN MODERN PHILOSOPHY OF MATHEMATICS
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Kosilova Elena V.
Published: August 2022

There are two opposing approaches in the ontology of mathematics — realistic (mathematics does not de-pend on the human being) and constructivist (mathematical objects are created by mathematicians) ones. P. Benacerraf objected to the realistic approach by stating that mathematics is non-causal in nature and, ac-cordingly, it is impossible to reach it from the physical world. The objection to constructivism is based sole-ly on the idea of the effectiveness of mathematics in applied sciences. In the 20th century, the constructivist approach was prevailing. By the end of the century, this prevalence coincided with the general tendency: a skeptical attitude towards scientific knowledge in the philosophy of science. However, at the same time, sci-ence began to play a huge role in life. This inevitably led to the emergence of realistic ontologies. The philosophy of mathematics by Q. Meillassoux, M. Tegmark, R. Penrose represents a modern kind of realism. The paper deals with eillassoux’s theory and arrives at a conclusion about its closeness to Pythagorean-ism. Mathematical knowledge gives an opportunity to get out of the circle of correlationism, provided that mathematics is understood purely formally, not intuitively. The paper shows that logic and physics cannot be contingent if mathematics is reliable. The coincidence of mathematical structures with physical ones was previously called the «pre-established harmony between mathematics and physics». Now this is explained by the fact that the universe is organized according to mathematical laws. Thus, a new Pythagoreanism ap-pears. It differs from Platonism in that in Platonism, mathematics is an autonomous world, while in Pythag-oreanism it is built into the physical world and determines its laws. The article shows the need to apply the Aristotelian ontology of matter and form. Mathematics is a form, while physical embodiment requires mat-ter. The flow of time in the physical world is associated with matter, as well as the presence of causality in it. The author comes to a conclusion that acceptance of the idea that the universe is arranged according to mathematical laws leads to the idea of the identity of being and thought.
FORMATION OF THE IDEA OF MATHEMATICAL PHENOMENOLOGY IN ED UND HUSSERL’S PHILOSOPHY
Authors:   The State Institute of Economics, Finances, Law and Technologies, Sedov Yuri G.
Published: August 2022

The article presents the historical prerequisites for the creation of mathematical phenomenology. Within the framework of the infinite numbers problems, the ways of their phenomenological interpretation are dis-cussed. Using the example of cooperation between Cantor and Husserl, the idea of mathematical phenome-nology is formulated, which takes into account the correlation of mathematical objects with our conscious-ness. In formal logic, subjective factors often affect the judgment process. The phenomenological method is valuable in that it makes it possible to conduct both objectively and subjectively oriented research in math-ematics and formal logic. In such a correlative study, subjective acts and objective referents of any phenom-enon should be taken into account. The main goal of correlative research is to create conditions for over-coming relativistic tendencies in mathematics and formal logic. As a result of the analysis, the question of the relationship between descriptive phenomenology and formalized constructions is raised. In the historical and philosophical context, the answer to this question is based on the theoretical developments provided in Husserl’s Formal and Transcendental Logic. Subjective-oriented logic goes back to the latent structures of theoretical reason. Here the problems of consciousness are formulated and solved in its live, actual execu-tion with the help of egological research. In conclusion, historical examples of the subjective transformation of formal logic are provided. In the first example, an interpretation of Descartes’ conclusion cogito, ergo sum is given, showing that the existential inconsistency of «I do not exist» and the reliability of the initial position «I exist» were realized here. Another example of the transformation of logic is Husserl’s phenome-nology. In order to bring logical forms to their subjective obviousness, it is necessary to change the orienta-tion of consciousness and to consider objects as givens of consciousness.
ROMAN STOICS AND JAPANESE SAMURAI ON THE EXISTENTIALS OF HUMAN BEING
Authors:   Institute for Philosophy and Law, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Biricheva Ekaterina V.
Published: August 2022

The article represents a comparative study of the positions of the ancient Stoics and medieval samurai on the question «how to be?» in the conditions of blurred landmarks. Such conditions may arise within di-verse socio-cultural contexts and seem to be the features of the contemporary globalization. The experi-ence of comprehending the issue of human self-realization at the turning points of history undoubtedly took place not only in the Western European tradition of the 1st-2nd centuries and in the East Asian tradi-tion of the 16th-17th centuries. Nevertheless, the unite grounds of human being found in these seemingly disparate cultural and historical localities are again relevant today. The purpose of the article is to analyze the conditions of the conceptualization of these ideas by the Roman Stoics and Japanese samurai, and to demonstrate the similarities and differences in their interpretation of fate, freedom, death, struggle, reali-ty, and time. Methodologically, the research is based on the material of the historical-philosophical and existential-hermeneutic analysis of the treatises of Lucius Annei Seneca, Marcus Aurelius Antonin, Yu-zan Daidodzi, Yamamoto Tsunetomo, and Miyamoto Musashi. The main conceptual result may be given in the following idea. Under the conditions of pluralism and groundlessness, a disoriented person seeks for support in him-/herself and realizes the «courage to be» through the ultimate determination to accept reality in its entirety and paradoxicality, including death, unpredictability of fate, and uncertainty of the further development path. The practice of «inner struggle» and non-choice between opposite positions and values appears to provide an escape to the golden mean of «the own», which allows self-realization to the maximum extent possible and gaining of a reliable ground in one’s own way of being for genuine par-ticipation in the «fluid» reality by a free act. The study is novel not only in that it is the first to reveal sim-ilarity of the existential grounds of stoicism and bushido, but also in that it pays attention to the turning periods in history during which, regardless of cultural affiliation, similar life-meaning questions arise. The answers found appear to be essential for a contemporary person, who finds themselves in the same situation of groundlessness, pluralism, and ambiguity of the transformations taking place around.
CHRONOTOPY AND TOPOCHRONY OF POWER IN THE CONTEXT OF THE SOCIO-POLITICAL VIEWS OF A. KOZHEV AND G.V.F. HEGEL
Authors:   Humanitarian and Pedagogical Academy (branch) of V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Shevchenko Oleg K.
Published: August 2022

The paper deals with spatiotemporal characteristics of power in the philosophical theory of A. Kozhev. It is argued that that Kozhev’s philosophy of power was based on the philosophy of power of G. Hegel. However, the spatiotemporal characteristics of Hegel’s power and Kozhev’s power are essentially differ-ent. Hegel’s power is totally topochronous, it absorbs temporality, leaving only formal chronology, whereas Kozhev’s power corresponds to the concept of «Chronotope». Developing the ideas of Hegel, A. Kozhev offers a philosophical theory of power in which time and space harmoniously merge in the format of co-existence. Kozhev refuses to speak of the historicity of power, devoting all his efforts to the study of the internal temporality of power and its manifestation at the phenomenal level. As such, he suggests seeing separate modes (in our terminology, chronotopes) of the space-time of power: «Father», «Master», «Leader» and «Judge». Special attention is paid to the dialectic of the finite and the infinite, the temporal and the chronological in the dynamics of Kozhev’s power. It is concluded that for Kozhev, power is always a living whole (a combination of «pure» types), which has its own genesis, its own field and duration of action, and its own death. It is proved that Kozhev’s philosophical concept remained in-complete, especially in the field of philosophy of law and philosophy of history. The analysis is based on Kozhev’s treatises: The Concept of Power, Introduction to Hegel’s Readings, Essay on the Phenomenol-ogy of Law, Tyranny and Wisdom. Materials of modern researchers, including translators of the philo-sophical heritage of A. Kozhev, are also extensively involved.
POLITICAL SUBJECTNESS: A CASE OF TRANSDISCIPLINARY REFLECTION
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kiyashchenko Larisa P. , Golofast Anastasia V. ,   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: August 2022

The article attempts to comprehend the issues that arise in connection with the spread of transdisciplinary strategies.These are questions to actualize the consideration of transdisciplinarity, as a phenomenon hier-archically associated with an interdisciplinary form of human activity, which is considered as a heuristic primordial foundation of the modern stylistics of philosophizing. It clarifies, redefines, through the filter of the existential problems to be solved, the generally accepted provisions and laws of disciplinary knowledge, using the paradoxicality of the reflexive-recursive subject-object relations of postnonclassics. Political subjectivity can be considered a term in social and political philosophy that accounts for the abil-ity to introduce change in the internal and external areas of the political form. Political subjects execute power in different ways and on different levels of the multilevel governance structure. On each level po-litical subjects come into existence, develop and mature and then proceed with deconstruction. Political morphogenesis is a complex phenomenon. The main target for the closed political subjects is self-preservation as these political forms have an in-built development ceiling, whereas the main target for the open political subjects is evolution as a process that is isomorphous with the environment. Political mor-phogenesis has an interval character: it happens mostly under the circumstances of uncertainty and unpre-dictability of the political life when the political form’s old parameters of order are no longer functional while the new order parameters have not been established yet. This is the momentum when political en-trepreneurs enter the political stage — those are political subjects that extract value from uncertainty by offering a crisis management initiative that eventually leads to the empowerment of the political entrepre-neur by granting it more power and a widened authority scope.
BETWEEN ART AND VANDALISM: DISCOURSE REPRESENTATION OF GRAFFITI AND STREET ART
Authors:   Ural State Pedagogical University, Kuzovenkova Yuliya А.
Published: August 2022

Today we are witnessing significant cultural changes. The new model of culture can no longer be hierar-chical and base on binary structures. The tree model is changing to the rhizome model. Rizome offers a high level of freedom in making new connections that generate cultural reality. Big narrative as a norma-tive instance is being replaced by separate discourses that dictate norms only within themselves. In this article, we explore how the specificity of different discourses (legislative discourse, discourses of the art world and public opinion) affects the representation in them of such cultural phenomena as graffiti and street art works. From a legal point of view, graffiti and illegal street art are acts of vandalism and deserve punishment. The legislative branch operates in the field of two concepts — «permitted»/«prohibited». The semantic space of the legislative discourse has retained a binary structure and hierarchical organiza-tion. The discourse generated by the institutions of the art world is very mobile, the binary structure and hierarchical organization of its semantic space have disappeared. There obviously takes place the rhizome principle of organizing the normative space of the art world and the increasing role of the individual prin-ciple in the formation of a discursive statement. These features of the discourse created an opportunity for street artists to enter the world of art. The study of the discourse of public opinion was carried out through sociological research. Most young people not only distinguish graffiti from vandalism but are also ready to see it as a form of contemporary art. We explain the clear correlation in the responses of young people in different cities by a single media space. The results of the study confirm the disintegration of a single normative space and its replacement by local (specific) discourses.
ON PROBLEMATIC ISSUES OF DANCE PHILOSOPHY: SEMIOTIC AND ONTOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF DANCE MOVEMENTS
Authors:   Chelyabinsk State Institute of Culture, Krysankov Timofey G.
Published: August 2022

One of the core objectives of dance philosophy is research into dance movements as the main means of artistic expression in choreography. This article aims to break the tether of semiotic interpretation of dance movements, to analyze them outside the context of any corporal movement-based practice, and to determine their ontological base, being an irrevocable and immanent quality of human nature itself. Based on various research works in the fields of philosophy, culture studies and art studies, the nature and spe-cific features of the choreographic arts’ expressive language are defined. Semiotic approach to the expressive specifics of dance movements is critically re-evaluated. Its limitations connected with the inter-pretation of the nature of dance movements in the context of understanding the nature of art are substanti-ated. With the help of the method of phenomenological reduction, the dance is represented as an inde-pendent phenomenon. Three important qualities of the nature of dance movements are identified: they oc-cur spontaneously under the influence of positive emotions, have a connection with a person’s special mental state, contribute to the harmonization of a person’s lifeworld. Dancing is characterized by «happi-ness affect», being a source of an individual’s motional activity. This is the state of happiness, positive and joyful emotions that direct a person towards self-actualization. The research is novel in that it defines the ontological aspect of dance movements as those occurring as a result of the «happiness affect» and transferring the energy arising in the human body into an objectified form. Feeling the increased ability of their body to act and its internal energy, doing dance movements, a person experiences satisfaction and joy, and as a result harmony fills their lifeworld.
ON THE ORGANIZATION OF A PSYCHO-LEXICAL STUDY OF THE RUSSIAN PERSONALITY TRAIT TAXONOMY
Authors:   HSE University, Mishkevich Arina M. , Shchebetenko Sergei A. ,   HSE University, Kalugin Alexey Yu. ,   HSE University
Published: August 2022

According the psycho-lexical hypothesis, any substantial individual differences in human behavior, emo-tions, cognition and motivation are supposed to be reflected in the language, which means that by analyzing the language one will be able to identify these differences. Further, using the factor analysis of self-reported individual differences, it is possible to identify the structure of personality traits. For example, based on a psycho-lexical study of English descriptors, the Big Five has been articulated. Meanwhile, the Russian taxonomy of personality traits has remained understudied. In the present article, we discuss some aspects of the organization of a psycho-lexical study. First, we analyze possible sources for the initial analysis of a lan-guage: free self-descriptions, everyday talks, dictionaries, etc. A conclusion is made about the advantage of using lists, normally dictionaries, compiled by professional linguists. In our future study, we also plan to use a similar list, namely, a corpus of the Russian language. Second, possible parts of speech taken as a ba-sis for the analysis of words are discussed. Usually researchers focus on adjectives, less often they add nouns to the list. However, the analysis of scientific literature shows the need to use all possible parts of speech for such a study. In our research, we plan to use adjectives, nouns, adverbs, and verbs. Third, fea-tures of German and Dutch word selection methodologies are analyzed. We conclude that the German methodology may be preferable to the Dutch methodology in some aspects; therefore, we plan to employ the former in our study. Finally, the need for a psycho-lexical study in Russian and its blueprint are dis-cussed.
Ventral and lateral spot patterns differentiation between three smooth newt species (Amphibia: Salamandridae: Lissotriton)
Authors: Skorinov Dmitriy V. , Bozkurt Emin , Olgun Kurtuluş , Litvinchuk Spartak N.
Published: August 2022

The location, shape and area of dark spots on the belly, throat and sides of the body of three closely related species of smooth newts (Lissotriton kosswigi, L. schmidtleri and L. vulgaris) were analysed. Differences were found between species and sexes in the location and shape of dark spots on the belly, throat and lateral surfaces of the body. Discriminant analysis of these spot characteristics allows to identificate of males of all three species with a high degree of confidence (85–91%). In females, only L. vulgaris was correctly distinguished from the other two species (accuracy 81–94%). Anatolian and Thracian populations of L. schmidtleri have very similar patterns of dark spots, which confirm their conspecificity. The differences in the location and size of dark spots make possible successful identification of the species during field research and study of museum specimens. The developed method could be useful for comparative studies of other animal species which have spotted camouflage or aposematic colouration.
Wild plant conservation in Mexico in the 21st century
Authors: Dávila Patricia , Soto-Trejo Fabiola , Rodríguez-Arévalo Isela , Ponce Armando , Arias Salvador , Escalante Ana , Téllez Oswaldo , Lira Rafael
Published: August 2022

Twenty-one years have elapsed of the 21st Century and within the framework of the celebration of the 100th volume of Botanical Sciences, it is relevant to assess the progress of the research on conservation and on the activities undertaken for protecting the plants of Mexico, including the complementary in situ and ex situ approaches. By means of a systematic search of scientific articles related to the conservation of the Mexican flora on the Web of Science database, for the 2000–2021 period, we identified different scientific inputs, all showing specific objectives for undertaking conservation activities. The publications that resulted from this search were classified into six categories: (a) Regions and Ecoregions; (b) Communities or Ecosystems; (c) Taxonomic Groups; (d) Species and Populations; (e) Botanical Gardens; and (f) Seed Banks. For these categories, the results are presented under the headings “in situ conservation” and “ex situ conservation.” Additionally, we assessed by a random examination, the bibliography used to support touristic development projects. The results show that, despite the wide temporal range considered in this review, and even though there is a vast number of publications related to the characterization of the Mexican biodiversity, the production of scientific work oriented to the development of plant conservation strategies and activities is still scarce. Also evident is the lack of connection and communication among researchers of different disciplines, highlighting the disciplinary or multidisciplinary activities that they undertake. Finally, ten conclusions are presented, and some future research activities are suggested for conserving the Mexican flora.
EFFECT OF UPSETTING-EXTRUSION-UPSETTING ON THE RECRYSTALLIZATION OF AN Mg-9Gd-4Y-2Zn-0.5Zr ALLOY
Authors: Peng Zhikang , Leichen Jia , Zhang Guanshi , Zhang Zhimin , Wang Qiang , Yu Jianmin , Xu Jian , Xue Yong
Published: August 2022

In this study, the effect of upsetting-extrusion-upsetting (UEU) on the microstructure of an Mg-9Gd-4Y-2Zn-0.5Zr alloy and on dynamic recrystallization (DRX) was investigated. The results showed that after UEU, DRX occurred in the Mg-9Gd-4Y-2Zn-0.5Zr alloy. Namely, the grain refinement at the cross-sectional edges of UEU specimens was significant, with the grain size being refined from 8.27 µm in the necking region to 6.57 µm. Grain refinement is mainly caused by DRX where the long-period stacking order (LPSO) phase stimulates DRX around the grain boundaries through a particle-stimulated nucleation mechanism. DRX grains play an important role in weakening the texture by offsetting the severely deformed structure of deformed grains.
INTEGRITY ASSESSMENT OF AN AIRCRAFT CYLINDER ASSEMBLY WITH A CRACK
Authors: Vučetić Nikola , Jovičić Gordana , Antunović Ranko , Sovilj-Nikić Sandra , Košarac Aleksandar , Jeremić Dejan
Published: August 2022

The repeatability of the air-cooled piston engine cylinder assembly failure due to a crack in the cylinder head, as well as its severity from the aspect of crew and passenger safety were the main motives for our research. In this paper an integrity assessment of a cylinder assembly with a crack was performed. By modeling cracks of different lengths in the cylinder head and considering the values of stress intensity factors and J-integral values at a given crack length on the one hand and determining the critical values of these fracture mechanics parameters on the other hand, the stability of the crack was examined. As part of the research, the dependence of the crack length on the stress intensity factor was established. The methodology proposed in this paper can be adapted to assess the integrity of other similar structural elements.
EFFECT OF SIMILAR ATOM SUBSTITUTION ON THE GLASS FORMING ABILITY OF Al86Ni9(Y, Sm)5 METALLIC GLASSES
Authors: Li Zhuo , Su Xiaotian , Li Tingting , Lian Jingbao , Wang Rui , Wu Nianchu
Published: August 2022

The effect of similar atom substitution on the glass forming ability (GFA) of Al86Ni9(Y, Sm)5 (x = (0, 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 5)) metallic glasses (MGs) was explored on the basis of the theory of the Fermi sphere-Brillouin zone interaction. Similar atom substitution (Sm) mainly affects the static structure between Al atoms and Y (Sm) atoms, changing the diameter of the pseudo-Brillouin zone (KP). Its effect on the Fermi level and Brillouin zone size is characterized with spectroscopy experiments. The |δ|=|KP – 2KF| criterion is used to evaluate the effect of the Sm element substitution on the GFA. This criterion can help us obtain the optimal GFA composition (Al86Ni9Y3.5Sm1.5) of Al86Ni9(Y, Sm)5 amorphous alloys, confirmed also by the experimental results.
EFFECTS OF A Cu ADDITION ON THE CORROSION RESISTANCE OF LOW-ALLOY PRE-HARDENED PLASTIC MOLD STEEL
Authors: Chen Xuan , Li Jiayuan , Li Zhi , Li Junwan , Wu Xiaochun
Published: August 2022

The influence of Cu on the corrosion performance of low-alloy Cu-bearing pre-hardened plastic mold steel was investigated and compared with non-Cu-bearing mold steel using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), salt-spray tests and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The results reveal that the formed rust layer is composed of α-FeOOH, β-FeOOH, γ-FeOOH, Fe3O4 and large amounts of amorphous compounds. The corrosion product in the early stages of corrosion is loose and porous but becomes denser and more tightly bound to the steel matrix in the later stages, and the corrosion rate of Cu-bearing steel decreases with the increasing corrosion time. With a further Cu addition, the free-corrosion potential of Cu-bearing steel increases and, consequently, the electrochemical impedance, the capacitive single semicircular arc on the impedance spectra and the charge transfer resistance are also significantly enhanced. Therefore, Cu effectively enhances the corrosion resistance of pre-hardened mold steel, prolonging its service life and ensuring a high quality and shape fidelity of molded plastic products.
What should be the goal of our environmental efforts?
Authors: Vladimir Arutyunov
Published: August 2022

The world’s population has already reached almost 8 billion people and continues to grow rapidly. Environmental and climatic changes caused by human activity are continuously progressing; therefore, their impact on the further development of civilization has become one of the most acute and widely discussed problems.
Amonyak-Su ile Çalışan Absorpsiyonlu Soğutma ile Mikrotürbin Kombine Sisteminin Tasarımı ve Termodinamik Performans Analizi
Authors: ALTUN Ayşe Fidan
Published: August 2022

Integrating absorption chillers in cogeneration and trigeneration systems are beneficial for increasing energy efficiency and sustainability. Those systems have higher efficiency, lower emissions, and lower costs compared to conventional systems. Therefore, it is crucial to develop thermodynamic models to predict the energy behaviour of the system for efficient design. System design and extensive thermodynamic analysis were conducted for a microturbine-NH3/H2O absorption cold and power system. The microturbine with a 60 kW power capacity is the prime mover.14 kW absorption chiller is fed by exhaust gases coming from the waste heat recovery part of the microturbine. The thermodynamic properties of the fluid at various state points were determined. The first and second law efficiency of the system was presented for different design parameters such as evaporation, condensation, generation temperature of the absorption system, effectiveness of the condenser-evaporator heat exchanger, and the solution heat exchanger. The proposed system's energy utilization factor is 28.3%, representing a 43.5% efficiency increase relative to the sole microturbine cycle. In addition, if waste heat from the flue gases discharged from the turbine is not recovered, a tremendous amount of energy may be lost. Therefore, the application of combined energy systems is a vital solution for energy efficiency.
Measuring protein concentration using the Merck Millipore Direct Detect Spectrometer v1
Authors: not provided ronan.ocualain
Published: August 2022

This protocol details the procedure of measuring protein concentration using the Millipore Direct Detect spectrometer.
Flexible Multi-Layer Circuit Boards Manufacturing using Additive Technology of Inkjet Printing
Authors:   St. Petersburg State Electrotechnical University LETT named after V. I. Ulyanov (Lenin), St-Petersburg, Russian Federation, Bokhov O.S. , Luchinin V.V. ,   St. Petersburg State Electrotechnical University LETT named after V. I. Ulyanov (Lenin), St-Petersburg, Russian Federation, Afanasev P.V. ,   St. Petersburg State Electrotechnical University LETT named after V. I. Ulyanov (Lenin), St-Petersburg, Russian Federation, Startsev V.A. ,   St. Petersburg State Electrotechnical University LETT named after V. I. Ulyanov (Lenin), St-Petersburg, Russian Federation, Mandrik I.V. ,   St. Petersburg State Electrotechnical University LETT named after V. I. Ulyanov (Lenin), St-Petersburg, Russian Federation
Published: August 2022

The technology of inkjet printing for the formation of multilayer flexible commutation boards is presented. The technology improves the ergonomics of the electronic devices around a person, making it possible to create products of a new generation: "smart clothes", "smart skin" and "Laboratories on a Chip". One of the main advantages and features of flexible printed electronics is the ability to use organic polymers as a substrate material to provide conformal hybrid integration.
Mechanical and Electronic Properties of a Carbon Composite 3D Nanomaterial with an Island-Type Topology
Authors:   Institute of Physics, Saratov State University, Saratov, 410012, Russian Federation, Glukhova O.E. , Slepchenkov M.M. ,   Institute of Physics, Saratov State University, Saratov, 410012, Russian Federation, Petrunin A.A. ,   Institute of Physics, Saratov State University, Saratov, 410012, Russian Federation
Published: August 2022

An atomistic model of a carbon composite 3D nanomaterial with an island-type topology based on fullerenes, graphene fragments and chiral/achiral single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) of subnanometer diameter is constructed. The island type refers to the presence in a composite structure of inhomogeneously distributed local regions with increased density of nanomaterial. The effect of the concentration of nanotubes in the composite on the volumetric compressibility and electronic properties is investigated. It has been found that an increase in the mass fraction of SWCNT in the composite leads to a decrease in the volume compression ratio and, at the same time, to an improvement in the conductive properties. Classical molecular dynamics and the density functional based tight binding (DFTB) method with the use of energy dispersion correction are used for the physically correct descri ption of individual fragments of the composite that are not covalently bonded.
Analysis and Modeling of a Directional Microwave Coupler as SMD Component
Authors:   MIREA — Russian Technological University, Moscow, 119454, Russian Federation, Sarapultsev D.A. , Zolotorev A.A. ,   MIREA — Russian Technological University, Moscow, 119454, Russian Federation, Tsoregradskaya M.L. ,   MIREA — Russian Technological University, Moscow, 119454, Russian Federation
Published: August 2022

The article describes the calculation, modeling and layout of the directional coupler. In the course of the work the market analysis was carried out, the model of directional coupler in the frequency range of 2.9—4.5 GHz, the layout of the device and measuring equipment were developed. Directional couplers with different transient attenuation are widely used in the distribution circuits of antenna arrays, as well as to control the power of the radio signal propagating in the transmission line, in power meters, automatic gain control systems, radio receivers, etc. The choice of circuit solutions used for the construction of directional couplers is carried out depending on the specific technical requirements for electrical parameters, the range of operating frequencies and the capabilities of the technological base. Practically all variety of structures of directional couplers realized on elements is a result of modification of the simplest structures. The main types of directional taps include stub, single-stage and tandem-based. During the simulation, it turned out that the directional coupler based on a tandem connection of two connected transmissions with the location of the transmission lines on different layers of the multilayer printed section was suitable for this work. This is due to the fact that when modeling the directional coupler with transmission lines on one printed circuit board, The gap between these lines is too small (&10 nm), which is extremely difficult to perform on a microstrip structure.
Conformal Integrated Micro- and Nanocomposite Passive Electromagnetic Protection of Biotechnosphere Objects
Authors:   St. Petersburg State Electrotechnical University LETT named after V. I. Ulyanov (Lenin), St-Petersburg, 197376, Russian Federation, Testov O.A. , Gareev K.G. ,   St. Petersburg State Electrotechnical University LETT named after V. I. Ulyanov (Lenin), St-Petersburg, 197376, Russian Federation, Luchinin V.V. ,   St. Petersburg State Electrotechnical University LETT named after V. I. Ulyanov (Lenin), St-Petersburg, 197376, Russian Federation, Komlev A.E. ,   St. Petersburg State Electrotechnical University LETT named after V. I. Ulyanov (Lenin), St-Petersburg, 197376, Russian Federation, Testov D.O. ,   St. Petersburg State Electrotechnical University LETT named after V. I. Ulyanov (Lenin), St-Petersburg, 197376, Russian Federation, Testov I.O. ,   St. Petersburg State Electrotechnical University LETT named after V. I. Ulyanov (Lenin), St-Petersburg, 197376, Russian Federation, Khmelnitskiy I.K. ,   St. Petersburg State Electrotechnical University LETT named after V. I. Ulyanov (Lenin), St-Petersburg, 197376, Russian Federation
Published: August 2022

The paper proposes physical-technological solutions that provide passive protection of miniature wearable objects of the bio-and technosphere from the effects of electromagnetic radiation in the frequency range from 50 MHz to 18 GHz. Various conformal micro- and nanocompositions of electromagnetic shields and electromagnetic wave absorbers have been proposed and studied.
Research of Test Cells of Power-independent Magnetoresistive Memory
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Scientific Organization Scientific-manufacturing complex ", Makarova E.E. ,   Technological centre, (SMC Technological Centre), Moscow, Zelenograd, 124498, Russian Federation, Amelichev V.V. ,   Federal State Budgetary Scientific Organization Scientific-manufacturing complex "Technological centre, (SMC Technological Centre), Moscow, Zelenograd, 124498, Russian Federation, Kostyuk D.V. ,   Federal State Budgetary Scientific Organization Scientific-manufacturing complex "Technological centre, (SMC Technological Centre), Moscow, Zelenograd, 124498, Russian Federation, Vasilyev D.V. ,   Federal State Budgetary Scientific Organization Scientific-manufacturing complex "Technological centre, (SMC Technological Centre), Moscow, Zelenograd, 124498, Russian Federation, Kazakov Y.V. ,   Federal State Budgetary Scientific Organization Scientific-manufacturing complex "Technological centre, (SMC Technological Centre), Moscow, Zelenograd, 124498, Russian Federation, Orlov E.P. ,   Federal State Budgetary Scientific Organization Scientific-manufacturing complex "Technological centre, (SMC Technological Centre), Moscow, Zelenograd, 124498, Russian Federation
Published: August 2022

The new generation non-volatile memory devices are actively developed and researched. The MRAM test cell was manufactured by the Scientific-Manufacturing Complex "Technological Center". The control measuring system (CMS) was developed and manufactured for research. The article presents an algorithm for the operation of the CMS, which makes it possible to study spin-tunnel magnetoresistive (STMR) elements of a non-volatile MRAM test cell. The main investigated characteristics of the MRAM test cell are the currents at which the cell is magnetized. Methods for measuring resistance in a changing magnetic field created by the buses and determining currents for the magnetization reversal of an STMR element are presented in this article. The recording current of STMR element for the line was 40 mA, for the column was 67 mA. The next stage of the study was writing and reading of the STMR elements. The resistance of the STMR element with "0" logical state is 6,8 Q and with "1" logical state is 13,4 Q. The stability of the MRAM element is confirmed by performing switch operations while maintaining the levels of logical states.
Welfare Paradoxes and Interpersonal Pacts: Transnational Social Protection of Latin American Migrants in Spain
Authors: Oso Laura , Martínez‐Buján Raquel
Published: August 2022

This article analyses the relationship between migration, care work, and welfare provision, highlighting the role of Latin American migrants in Spain as providers of formal and informal social protection on a transnational scale. It contributes to the debate on transnational social protection and transnational social inequalities from the perspective of welfare paradoxes and interpersonal pacts. Migrant women in Spain have become a resource for the provision of formal social protection through their employment as domestic care workers. Nevertheless, given that access to social rights in Spain depends on job stability and residency status, they have difficulties in accessing formal social protection themselves. This process constitutes a “welfare paradox,” based on the commodification and exclusion paradoxes, explained by structural factors such as the characteristics of the welfare regime (familiaristic model, with a tendency to hire domestic workers as caregivers into households), the migration regime (feminised and with a clear leaning towards Latin American women), and the economic landscape resulting from two systemic crises: the great recession of 2008 and the Covid‐19 pandemic. Interpersonal pacts, rooted in marriage/couple and intergenerational agreements, and their infringements, are analysed to explain the transnational and informal social protection strategies in the context of the “exclusion paradox” and the breach of the “welfare pact.” Our research draws on the exploitation of secondary data and multi‐sited, longitudinal fieldwork based on biographical interviews conducted with various members of transnational families in Spain and Ecuador (41 interviews).
Same Old New Normal: The Ableist Fallacy of “Post-Pandemic” Work
Authors: Nowakowski Alexandra "Xan" C. H.
Published: August 2022

The ongoing Covid-19 pandemic has catalyzed long-needed changes in accessibility and flexibility for work tasks. Disabled and chronically ill people have often experienced unprecedented inclusion during this time. As someone who is both disabled and chronically ill, I have experienced this firsthand. My work as a medical educator, public health program evaluator, and community advocate has been more accessible in recent months than at any prior time. As the pandemic escalated in early 2020, people readily embraced a “new normal” that would allow them to sustain their own livelihoods while staying as safe as possible. Yet even as Covid-19 cases increase sharply both locally and nationally with the spread of the Delta virus variant, many abled people from both my institution and others increasingly demand a return to pre-pandemic practices. The “normal” state for which abled individuals ardently long violates the basic human rights of disabled and chronically ill people. This desire for “normalcy” is fueled by false notions of the pandemic being over. It remains preferred by many for the sake of their own comfort—even though sustaining the inclusive approaches to collaboration introduced during the pandemic often requires little effort and offers advantages for abled people as well. This experiential piece describes ableist implications of seeking “post-pandemic” work environments—and how these constitute “generic processes” in the reproduction of ableism—using both oral history from the author and emerging literature from fellow scholars. In response, it recommends inclusive strategies for anti-ableist work collaboration that achieve justice in accessibility while fostering a welcome sense of normalcy for all.
Health psychology on long COVID: Strategies based on NICE and WHO guidelines recommendations
Authors: Mora-Romo José F.
Published: August 2022

Background. The chronic aspect that begins to characterize long COVID appeals to the need for interventions proposed by institutions such as the World Health Organization (WHO) and the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) to manage the disease, emphasizing behavioral change and self-care. Objective. To perform a narrative review of the psychological literature that offers intervention strategies in alignment with the recommendations of the long COVID management guidelines proposed by WHO and NICE. Method. MEDLINE, EBSCO, Google Scholar, SciELO, PsycINFO, PubMed, Cochrane, and CONRICYT databases were consulted, using Boolean operators and keywords for an exhaustive search. Results. The contributions of the studies were categorized into five intervention strategies based on WHO and NICE recommendation guidelines: Psychoeducation, Self-care, Support networks, Relaxation, and Goal setting. These are given a brief introduction and their relevance to the management of long COVID symptomatology is described. Discussion and conclusion. The persistent condition of COVID-19 symptoms makes it necessary to recognize that lifestyle changes must be made, primarily focused on health care and prevention of worsening disease sequelae. These lifestyle changes can be achieved through behavior modification, focusing on protective factors such as education, self-care, support networks, relaxation techniques and, setting appropriate goals.
STRATEGIES OF THE PARTIES TO CRIMINAL PROCEEDINGS FROM THE POSITION OF GAME THEORY
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Plakhotnik O.
Published: August 2022

The article includes the analysis of the principles of criminal proceedings under Article 22 of the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine"Adversarial parties and freedom to present their evidence to the court and prove their persuasiveness before the court" from the standpoint of game theory as methods of mathematical analysis and evaluation of criminal proceedings and optimal solutions in the conditions of formal procedural confrontation. The works of domestic and foreign scientists considering the problems of the criminal process and those scientists studying the theory of games in criminal proceedings are analyzed. The functions of the parties to the criminal proceedings, such as the functions of the prosecution and the defense, are considered as well as the equality of their powers is investigated. The application of strategies of the parties to criminal proceedings by analogy with players in game theory is substantiated, grounding on the fact that the strategies of the parties to the criminal proceedings can be deciphered in the appropriate matrix of actions of all parties in each stage of the criminal proceedings. The concept of strategy, antagonistic and matrix games is defined. An example of the maximum and minimum strategy of the parties to criminal proceedings in the activities of the prosecution and the defense is provided. The asymmetry of powers of the parties at the stage of pre-trial investigation is considered and the formal equality of the parties to the criminal proceedings in their interaction with the court is noted. It is concluded that the choice of the appropriate strategy by one of the parties to the criminal proceedings affects the strategy of all parties as a whole.
PROBLEMATIC ASPECTS OF TRADITIONAL IDEAS ABOUT THE PRINCIPLES OF LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kotiuk O.
Published: August 2022

The purpose of the article deals with analyzing modern ideas about the principles of legal proceedings and considering their results for justifying the need to clarify their list and determine the content in an individual manner. The main tool used was the method of comparative analysis applied to the lists and definitions of the principles of legal proceedings enshrined in international and national legal acts, as well as in the conclusions of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine. In the course of the study, it was revealed that the lists of the principles of legal proceedings and the characteristics of some of them in different legal acts differ significantly; the latter is not predominantly attributed to the peculiarities of legal relations, the settlement of which they aim at, but are rather related to traditional national ideological approaches to their understanding. That is why the most significant differences in their characteristics can be traced at the level of international and national legislation, the reason for which was that they were formed in different, and, primarily, Anglo-Saxon and Romano-German legal systems. An example of this is the principle of the rule of law: in the disclosure of the content identified with the principle of the rule of law in Ukraine. There are also distinctions in the constitutional and sectoral interpretation of individual principles. For example, this is the principle of the precedence of the norms of international law over the norms of national law. Some of the principles widely used in international practice are not even mentioned in the national legal system of Ukraine, for example the principles of due process and legal certainty. And a significant number of principles vastly applied in practice of national legal relations are not included in their lists, and are defined at both the constitutional and sectoral levels. These are particularly: the principle for the participation of people in exercising judicial power, the state language of judicial proceedings, etc. All this gives the basis for the general conclusion that both theoretical and legal approaches to the characterization of the foundations of legal proceedings, and the ways of their actual presentation in the Constitution as well as in the industry legislation of Ukraine require further research and appropriate improvement.