bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Are psychedelics the answer to chronic pain: A review of current literature
Authors: Kooijman Nina I. , Willegers Tim , Reuser Anke , Mulleners Wim M. , Kramers Cornelis , Vissers Kris C. P. , van der Wal Selina E. I.
Published: January 2023

Aims

We aim to provide an evidence‐based overview of the use of psychedelics in chronic pain, specifically LSD and psilocybin.

Content

Chronic pain is a common and complex problem, with an unknown etiology. Psychedelics like lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) and psilocybin, may play a role in the management of chronic pain. Through activation of the serotonin‐2A (5‐HT2A) receptor, several neurophysiological responses result in the disruption of functional connections in brain regions associated with chronic pain. Healthy reconnections can be made through neuroplastic effects, resulting in sustained pain relief. However, this process is not fully understood, and evidence of efficacy is limited and of low quality. In cancer and palliative related pain, the analgesic potential of psychedelics was established decades ago, and the current literature shows promising results on efficacy and safety in patients with cancer‐related psychological distress. In other areas, patients suffering from severe headache disorders like migraine and cluster headache who have self‐medicated with psychedelics report both acute and prophylactic efficacy of LSD and psilocybin. Randomized control trials are now being conducted to study the effects in cluster headache Furthermore, psychedelics have a generally favorable safety profile especially when compared to other analgesics like opioids. In addition, psychedelics do not have the addictive potential of opioids.

Implications

Given the current epidemic use of opioids, and that patients are in desperate need of an alternative treatment, it is important that further research is conducted on the efficacy of psychedelics in chronic pain conditions.
Confucius, Wisdom, and Political Participation: Benevolence and Timeliness in the Analects
Authors: Morrow Sydney , Ryan Shane
Published: January 2023

This paper aims to address when the wise person should participate in politics. The question is addressed through engagement with the Analects. Rather than provide interpretations of key terms in the Analects, we provide an account of wisdom that draws from themes in the Analects. The case is made that the wise person is committed to participating in politics primarily because of the connection between wisdom and benevolence (ren 仁 in the Analects). We address challenges to the Confucian approach from the Zhuangzi concerning the potential harms of political participation. General political disengagement is not considered exemplary on the Confucian approach to wisdom, although when political engagement may be eschewed is explored. Finally, the case is made that while ren motivates the wise to participate politically, the wise also have a sense of timeliness that provides guidance as to when to refrain or withdraw from political participation.
Underlying mechanisms of thrombus formation/growth in atherothrombosis and deep vein thrombosis
Authors: Yamashita Atsushi , Asada Yujiro
Published: January 2023

Thrombosis remains a leading cause of death worldwide despite technological advances in prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. The traditional view of arterial thrombus formation is that it is a platelet‐dependent process, whereas that of venous thrombus formation is a coagulation‐dependent process. Current pathological and basic studies on atherothrombosis and venous thrombosis have revealed the diverse participation of platelet and coagulation activation mechanisms in both thrombus initiation and growth processes during clinical thrombotic events. Atherosclerotic plaque cell‐derived tissue factor contributes to fibrin formation and platelet aggregation. The degree of plaque disruption and a blood flow alteration promote atherothrombotic occlusion. While blood stasis/turbulent flow due to luminal stenosis itself initiates venous thrombus formation. The coagulation factor XI‐driven propagation phase of blood coagulation plays a major role in venous thrombus growth, but a minor role in hemostasis. These lines of evidence indicate that atherothrombosis onset is affected by the thrombogenic potential of atherosclerotic plaques, the plaque disruption size, and an alteration in blood flow. Upon onset of venous thrombosis, enhancement of the propagation phase of blood coagulation under blood stasis and a hypercoagulable state contribute to large thrombus formation.
Government support and cross‐border innovation: The effect of China's innovative city policy on Chinese firms' patenting in the United States
Authors: Chen Kedong , Liu Xiaojin (Jim) , Li Yuhong , Linderman Kevin
Published: January 2023

Firms innovate their new processes and products not only within their countries but also across national boundaries. This is known as cross‐border innovation, and many countries have initiated policies to support it. But how does government support influence cross‐border innovation? Through the lens of Porter's diamond model, this study conceptualizes government support as slack resources and investigates how it affects a firm's inventive activities in an uncertain, competitive global market. This study examines Chinese firms' patent filings in the United States under the enactment of the “innovative city” policy. We apply matching and generalized difference‐in‐differences techniques to this staggered quasi‐experimental setting and find that government support stimulates firms' cross‐border innovation. We further show that firms with higher research and development capacity take better advantage of government support. Finally, we show that government support leads to a rebalancing of exploratory and exploitative innovation such that a firm that has conducted more exploration will perform more exploitation and vice versa. Taken together, this study extends our understanding of slack from internal resources to government support in the context of global operations. Findings suggest that government actions that improve the ecosystem of innovation in one country strengthen firms' innovation and competitiveness overseas.
Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular mortality in patients with preceding asthma exacerbation
Authors: Yu Soojoung , Lee Sang Chul , Hong Jung Hwa , Han Chang Hoon , Park Seon Cheol , Jung Ji Ye
Published: January 2023

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A report on a modified protocol for flow cytometry‐based assessment of blood group erythrocyte antigens potentially suitable for analysis of weak ABO subgroups
Authors: Otsu Makoto , Tanabe Yuji , Iwakiri Ayako , Arima Kazuna , Uchiyama Anna , Yamamoto Marina , Ohtani Shinichi , Endo Hiroshi , Komoto Mina , Miyazaki Koji
Published: January 2023

Background

Flow cytometry (FC) has proven its utility in scrutinizing AB antigen expression in red blood cells (RBCs), cooperating with serological tests for accurate blood group typing. However, technical difficulties may impair the characterization of weak ABO subtypes when background noises appear at non‐negligible levels.

Study design and methods

We sought to establish an FC method that could prevent antibody‐induced hemagglutination and an increase in cellular autofluorescence, two major issues inherent to RBC‐FC analysis of AB expression. We optimized fixatives, multicolor‐staining protocols, and sequential gating strategies. Blood samples from weak ABO subtype cases, Bm and Ael, were analyzed with the established protocol.

Results

The optimized mixture of glutaraldehyde and formaldehyde successfully generated fixed RBCs resistant to agglutination while maintaining low autofluorescence. These features allowed co‐staining of leukocyte‐ and erythrocyte‐markers, which enabled sequential gating strategies facilitating the precise AB antigen analysis in purely single RBCs with minimum background noises. By the established FC analysis, we could detect in the Bm sample a small RBC population exhibiting weak B antigen expression. The assay also proved it feasible to identify a small population (0.04%) of RBCs weakly expressing the A antigen in the Ael sample confirmed as harboring a rare c.816dupG ABO variant allele.

Conclusion

The RBC‐FC analysis described here allows the detection of AB antigens weakly expressed in RBCs while achieving minimum background noise levels in negative control samples. Overall, the modified protocol provides a quick and reliable assay valuable in transfusion medicine and is potentially applicable to the characterization of rare weak ABO variants.
Self-Adaptive Obstacle Crossing of an AntiBot From Reconfiguration Control and Mechanical Adaptation
Authors: Song Zhen , Luo Zirong , Wei Guowu , Shang Jianzhong
Published: January 2023

One drawback of wheeled robots is their inferiority to conquer large obstacles and perform well on complicated terrains, which limits their application in rescue missions. To provide a solution to this issue, an ant-like six-wheeled reconfigurable robot, called AntiBot, is proposed in this paper. The AntiBot has a Sarrus reconfiguration body, a three-rocker-leg passive suspension, and mechanical adaptable obstacle-climbing wheeled legs. In this paper, we demonstrate through simulations and experiments that this robot can change the position of its center of mass actively to improve its obstacle-crossing capability. The geometric and static stability conditions for obstacle crossing of the robot are derived and formulated, and numerical simulations are conducted to find the feasible region of the robot’s configuration in obstacle crossing. In addition, a self-adaptive obstacle-crossing algorithm is proposed to improve the robot’s obstacle-crossing performance. A physical prototype is developed, and using it, a series of experiments are carried out to verify the effectiveness of the proposed self-adaptive obstacle-crossing algorithm.
Spindle Condition Monitoring With a Smart Vibration Sensor and an Optimized Deep Neural Network
Authors: Oh Louis , Pitz Emil , Pochiraju Kishore
Published: January 2023

This article presents a spindle condition monitoring methodology using a low-power smart vibration sensor and a near real-time deep neural network (DNN) classifier. The most frequent spindle failures, such as imbalance, ingression, and evidence of a crash with the workpiece, are analyzed in this study. Experiments were designed to induce various failure events to monitor the spindle behavior using conventional vibration, current and temperature sensors, and an intelligent vibration sensor. The smart sensor is a device with internal signal processing identifying eight dominant frequencies and the amplitude/power distributions. It requires low power and generates narrow bandwidth messages that can be communicated wirelessly. A Fog device and a test plan are designed to monitor and store a dataset needed to train a DNN classifier. The Fog device generates temperature, current, and vibration signals from sensors connected to the spindle and sends them to data storage in the cloud. The signals were analyzed using both conventional vibration analysis and Artificial Intelligence-based classifiers. Metrics such as crest factor, skewness, kurtosis, and overall enveloping were used to assess their ability to identify the failure condition. The data from the smart sensor are used to train an optimized DNN, and the spindle defect classification performance is measured. With 960 data points per failure mode and training data taken over 960 min of operation, the optimized DNNs can classify the spindle states with an accuracy of 98%. The study shows real-time spindle condition classification feasibility over long periods using inexpensive and low-power smart vibration sensors.
A Code-to-Code Comparison for Dynamic Modeling and Response Analysis of Offshore Wind Turbine Blade Mating Process
Authors: Bhaskaran Saravanan , Shankar Verma Amrit , Yuan Shuai , Jiang Zhiyu , Henning Halse Karl
Published: January 2023

Offshore wind turbine blade installation using jack-up crane vessel is a challenging task. Wave- and wind-induced loads on the installation system can cause large relative motion between the blade root and the hub during the mating process. Currently, several numerical tools are used to analyze such critical global motion responses; however, the industry suffers from lack of experiments and full-scale measurements to validate the accuracy of these results. Consequently, a code-to-code comparison exercise becomes critical as it allows comparing different numerical tools for reliable prediction and verification of results. In the present article, a numerical model of the offshore wind turbine blade mating process using a jack-up crane vessel is developed in orcaflex, and a code-to-code comparison is performed against sima; both these tools are immensely used in the industry for modeling marine operations. Different comparisons are made between both the tools such as: (1) modal analyses of the jack-up vessel and the blade lifting gear, (2) time-domain analysis of the fully coupled installation vessel-crane-blade system, and (3) a comprehensive sensitivity study based on different seed numbers and simulation periods. The results of the study show a good agreement between both the tools with a deviation of less than 3% in terms of modal analysis and less than 5% variation in time-domain results. Further, the article provides modeling guidelines for the industry practitioners that heavily rely on both the tools for modeling marine operations.
Simulated Experimental Assessment of a Laboratory-Scale Solar Convective Furnace System
Authors: Kumar Vishwa Deepak , Chandra Laltu , Mukhopadhyay Sudipto , Shekhar Rajiv
Published: January 2023

Electricity and gas-based heat treatment of metal is an energy-intensive process. To mitigate the use of such high-grade energy, the concept of an open volumetric air receiver-based solar convective furnace (SCF) system is developed for the heat treatment of metal. This system includes an in situ waste heat recovery mechanism. This paper presents a Joule heating-based, controlled, experimental assessment of a laboratory-scale, retrofitted, SCF system for generating benchmark data. The reported measurements illustrate the heat transfer for (a) the charging and discharging process of thermal energy storage and (b) the two-stage heat treatment of metal with an in situ heat recovery process. The overall system efficiency, including heat recovery, heat storage, and heat transfer, is found to be 24%. Thus, the SCF system can serve as a viable alternative to an electrical energy-based heat treatment furnace.
Oilstone Processing and Its Impact on the Surface Texture of Cylinder Bore
Authors: Zhang Xin , Liu Xijuan , Zhang Xueping
Published: January 2023

Honing is one of the abrasive-based machining processes to remove material through the asperity interaction between numerous stochastic grains distributed on oilstone (also called honing stone) and workpiece. Therefore, the oilstone surface topography characterized by grain morphology, size, posture and position distribution, protrusion heights and etc. is of great significance to understand honing mechanism in terms of establishing an accurate kinematic model and further analyzing the oilstone property's impact on honing process and honed surface texture characteristics including groove density, roughness heights, and plateau/valley amplitudes. Conventionally, two typical approaches have been employed to establish the surface topography of abrasive-based cutting tools: experimentally microscopic observation and backward modeling/simulation from the assumed ideal distribution laws such as Gaussian or uniform distribution for stochastic grain characteristics. The first method is usually time-consuming and only measures surface topography within rather small area, whereas the second one is highly dependent on the authenticity of assumed statistical distribution laws. To overcome these weaknesses, the research proposed a functional forward method (FFM) to accurately predict surface topography of oilstone based on simulating its manufacturing processes in succession to avoid distributional assumptions and geometrical simplification. The methodology takes into consideration five important stochastic characteristics of oilstone including grain morphology, size, posture, position distribution, and grain wear during honing process, to guarantee the credibility, authenticity, and generality of the surface topography generated from honing. Based on the oilstone surface topography, the kinematic simulation method (KISM) was applied to analyze the honed surface texture characteristics of cylinder bore with oilstone samples under different stirring times. Therefore, the methodology bridges oilstone manufacturing parameters, oilstone surface topography, and further the honed surface texture to provide a fresh insight into the parameter’s optimization of the oilstone manufacturing process by achieving a better control on the honed surface texture of the cylinder bore.
Dynamic character of compositional sputter depth profiling by SIMS: A comparison of different models for quantitative profile evaluation
Authors: Hofmann Siegfried , Zhong Feng-Min , Yang Hao , Wang Jiang-Yong , Xu Cong-Kang
Published: January 2023

We are dealing with some new insights in the quantification of sputter depth profiles obtained by secondary ion mass spectroscopy, which can be easily extended to XPS or AES. Recent publications present a rather negative image of the mixing-roughness-information depth (MRI) model of quantitative sputter depth profile evaluation in conjunction with Dowsett’s up-and-down slope (UDS) model, at first we attempt to point out the merits of the MRI model. Since these publications come up with a new, alternative model [called roughness-mixing-recoil model (RMR)], we discuss in detail the flaws of both the UDS and the RMR models. In conclusion, we present some instructive examples that show the decisive validity of the MRI model in describing the nature of the process of sputter depth profiling.
Quantum sensing of strongly coupled light-matter systems using free electrons
Authors: Karnieli Aviv , Tsesses Shai , Yu Renwen , Rivera Nicholas , Zhao Zhexin , Arie Ady , Fan Shanhui , Kaminer Ido
Published: January 2023

Strong coupling in light-matter systems is a central concept in cavity quantum electrodynamics and is essential for many quantum technologies. Especially in the optical range, full control of highly connected multi-qubit systems necessitates quantum coherent probes with nanometric spatial resolution, which are currently inaccessible. Here, we propose the use of free electrons as high-resolution quantum sensors for strongly coupled light-matter systems. Shaping the free-electron wave packet enables the measurement of the quantum state of the entire hybrid systems. We specifically show how quantum interference of the free-electron wave packet gives rise to a quantum-enhanced sensing protocol for the position and dipole orientation of a subnanometer emitter inside a cavity. Our results showcase the great versatility and applicability of quantum interactions between free electrons and strongly coupled cavities, relying on the unique properties of free electrons as strongly interacting flying qubits with miniscule dimensions.
Giant photon momentum locked THz emission in a centrosymmetric Dirac semimetal
Authors: Cheng Liang , Xiong Ying , Kang Lixing , Gao Yu , Chang Qing , Chen Mengji , Qi Jingbo , Yang Hyunsoo , Liu Zheng , Song Justin C.W. , Chia Elbert E. M.
Published: January 2023

Strong second-order optical nonlinearities often require broken material centrosymmetry, thereby limiting the type and quality of materials used for nonlinear optical devices. Here, we report a giant and highly tunable terahertz (THz) emission from thin polycrystalline films of the centrosymmetric Dirac semimetal PtSe
2
. Our PtSe
2
THz emission is turned on at oblique incidence and locked to the photon momentum of the incident pump beam. Notably, we find an emitted THz efficiency that is giant: It is two orders of magnitude larger than the standard THz-generating nonlinear crystal ZnTe and has values approaching that of the noncentrosymmetric topological material TaAs. Further, PtSe
2
THz emission displays THz sign and amplitude that is controlled by the incident pump polarization and helicity state even as optical absorption is only weakly polarization dependent and helicity independent. Our work demonstrates how photon drag can activate pronounced optical nonlinearities that are available even in centrosymmetric Dirac materials.
An autocrine signaling circuit in hepatic stellate cells underlies advanced fibrosis in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
Authors: Wang Shuang , Li Kenneth , Pickholz Eliana , Dobie Ross , Matchett Kylie P. , Henderson Neil C. , Carrico Chris , Driver Ian , Borch Jensen Martin , Chen Li , Petitjean Mathieu , Bhattacharya Dipankar , Fiel Maria I. , Liu Xiao , Kisseleva Tatiana , Alon Uri , Adler Miri , Medzhitov Ruslan , Friedman Scott L.
Published: January 2023

Advanced hepatic fibrosis, driven by the activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), affects millions worldwide and is the strongest predictor of mortality in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH); however, there are no approved antifibrotic therapies. To identify antifibrotic drug targets, we integrated progressive transcriptomic and morphological responses that accompany HSC activation in advanced disease using single-nucleus RNA sequencing and tissue clearing in a robust murine NASH model. In advanced fibrosis, we found that an autocrine HSC signaling circuit emerged that was composed of 68 receptor-ligand interactions conserved between murine and human NASH. These predicted interactions were supported by the parallel appearance of markedly increased direct stellate cell-cell contacts in murine NASH. As proof of principle, pharmacological inhibition of one such autocrine interaction, neurotrophic receptor tyrosine kinase 3–neurotrophin 3, inhibited human HSC activation in culture and reversed advanced murine NASH fibrosis. In summary, we uncovered a repertoire of antifibrotic drug targets underlying advanced fibrosis in vivo. The findings suggest a therapeutic paradigm in which stage-specific therapies could yield enhanced antifibrotic efficacy in patients with advanced hepatic fibrosis.
Parallel Evolution in Predatory
Bdellovibrio
sp. NC01 during Long-Term Coculture with a Single Prey Strain
Authors: Mulvey Kathryn , Brosnan Katherine , Galvin Mackenzie , Mohr Sydney , Muldowney Lauren , Oser Molly , Williams Laura E.
Published: January 2023

Bdellovibrio
attack and kill Gram-negative bacteria, including drug-resistant pathogens of animals and plants. This lifestyle is unusual among bacteria, and it imposes unique selective pressures on
Bdellovibrio
.
Eight Unexpected Selenoprotein Families in Organometallic Biochemistry in Clostridium difficile, in ABC Transport, and in Methylmercury Biosynthesis
Authors: Haft Daniel H. , Gwadz Marc
Published: January 2023

This work adds 8 novel prokaryotic selenoproteins to the 80 or so families previously known. It describes the SAO (selenocysteine-assisted organometallic) locus, with the most selenoproteins of any known system.
DEAD Box Protein DhR1 Is a Global Regulator Involved in the Bacterial Fitness and Virulence of Riemerella anatipestifer
Authors: Du Xiaoli , Wang Jialing , Shan Xinggen , Hu Zhiqun , Gao Yongheng , Hu Qinghai
Published: January 2023

R. anatipestifer
infection has been a continued and serious problem in many duck farms, but little is known about the mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of
R. anatipestifer
and how
R. anatipestifer
adapts to the external environment and thereby persists in duck farms. The results of this study demonstrate that the DEAD box protein DhR1 is required for the tolerance of
R. anatipestifer
to cold, pH, and other stresses, and it is also necessary for biofilm formation, iron utilization, and virulence in ducklings, demonstrating multiple functions of DhR1.
Complete Genome Sequence of Acinetobacter nosocomialis GNU001, Isolated from a Plastic-Containing Landfill
Authors: Seong Hyeon Jeong , Yao Zhuang , Jang Yu-Sin
Published: January 2023

Due to the hazard of plastic waste exposed to the environment, microorganisms capable of degrading different polymeric pollutants have gained attention. Here, we report the complete genome sequence of
Acinetobacter nosocomialis
GNU001, which was isolated from a landfill. The genome was composed of a circular chromosome of 3,850,149 bp and a plasmid.
Draft Genome Sequence of
Pyrobaculum
sp. Strain 3827-6, a Hyperthermophilic Crenarchaeon, Isolated from a Kamchatka Hot Spring
Authors: Frolov Evgenii N. , Maltseva Anastasiia I. , Elcheninov Alexander G. , Kublanov Ilya V.
Published: January 2023

The genome of
Pyrobaculum
sp. strain 3827-6, a facultative autotrophic hyperthermophilic archaeon isolated from a Kamchatka hot spring, was sequenced and analyzed. Genome analysis predicted the dicarboxylate/4-hydroxybutyrate cycle and a [NiFe]-hydrogenase, as well as the tricarboxylic acid cycle, altogether determining the possibility of both autotrophic and heterotrophic growth of this strain.
Host Cationic Antimicrobial Molecules Inhibit S. aureus Exotoxin Production
Authors: Schlievert Patrick M. , Kilgore Samuel H. , Beck Lisa A. , Yoshida Takeshi , Klingelhutz Aloysius J. , Leung Donald Y. M.
Published: January 2023

Staphylococcus aureus
causes large numbers of both relatively benign and serious human infections, which are mediated in large part by the organisms’ secreted exotoxins. Since 1921, it has been known that lysozyme and, as shown later in the 1900s, other innate immune peptides, including human neutrophil α-defensin-1 (HNP-1) and human β-defensin 1 (HBD-1), are either not antistaphylococcal or are only weakly inhibitory to growth.
Investigating the Unique Ability of
Trichodesmium
To Fix Carbon and Nitrogen Simultaneously Using MiMoSA
Authors: Gardner Joseph J. , Hodge Bri-Mathias S. , Boyle Nanette R.
Published: January 2023

Trichodesmium erythraeum
is a marine cyanobacterium responsible for approximately half of all biologically fixed nitrogen, making it an integral part of the global nitrogen cycle. Interestingly, unlike other nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria,
Trichodesmium
does not use temporal or spatial separation to protect nitrogenase from oxygen poisoning; instead, it operates photosynthesis and nitrogen fixation reactions simultaneously during the day.
Recognising side effects of antipsychotics in children with intellectual disabilities
Authors: Lee Jessica , Shepperd Rosie , Smith Martin , Anand Geetha
Published: January 2023

Risperidone and aripiprazole are increasingly used for behavioural indications in children and adolescents with intellectual disabilities, including autism. Although there are some reports in literature, the side effect profile in this population remains poorly defined and there is a need to raise awareness among clinicians across specialties. We present two patients with significant intellectual disabilities who developed extrapyramidal side effects (EPSE) including oculogyric crisis following risperidone and aripiprazole use. The onset of these side effects can be insidious and the non-specific nature of the presentation, for example, poor mobility and increased drooling on a background of severe intellectual disability, can lend itself to delay in recognition and reporting by families. There is also reduced awareness among paediatricians, which can further delay the treatment of this reversible condition. There needs to be ongoing vigilance for EPSE as they can develop years after treatment has been initiated.
Investing in preparedness for rapid detection and control of epidemics: analysis of health system reforms and their effect on 2021 Ebola virus disease epidemic response in Guinea
Authors: Keita Mory , Talisuna Ambrose , Chamla Dick , Burmen Barbara , Cherif Mahamoud Sama , Polonsky Jonathan A , Boland Samuel , Barry Boubacar , Mesfin Samuel , Traoré Fodé Amara , Traoré Jean , Kimenyi Jean Paul , Diallo Amadou Bailo , Godjedo Togbemabou Primous , Traore Tieble , Delamou Alexandre , Ki-zerbo Georges Alfred , Dagron Stephanie , Keiser Olivia , Gueye Abdou Salam
Published: January 2023

The 2014–2016 West Africa Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) Epidemic devastated Guinea’s health system and constituted a public health emergency of international concern. Following the crisis, Guinea invested in the establishment of basic health system reforms and crucial legal instruments for strengthening national health security in line with the WHO’s recommendations for ensuring better preparedness for (and, therefore, a response to) health emergencies. The investments included the scaling up of Integrated Disease Surveillance and Response; Joint External Evaluation of International Health Regulation capacities; National Action Plan for Health Security; Simulation Exercises; One Health platforms; creation of decentralised structures such as regional and prefectural Emergency Operation Centres; Risk assessment and hazard identification; Expanding human resources capacity; Early Warning Alert System and community preparedness. These investments were tested in the subsequent 2021 EVD outbreak and other epidemics. In this case, there was a timely declaration and response to the 2021 EVD epidemic, a lower-case burden and mortality rate, a shorter duration of the epidemic and a significant reduction in the cost of the response. Similarly, there was timely detection, response and containment of other epidemics including Lassa fever and Marburg virus disease. Findings suggest the utility of the preparedness activities for the early detection and efficient containment of outbreaks, which, therefore, underlines the need for all countries at risk of infectious disease epidemics to invest in similar reforms. Doing so promises to be not only cost-effective but also lifesaving.
Impact of cold exposure on life satisfaction and physical composition of soldiers
Authors: Néma Jiří , Zdara J , Lašák P , Bavlovič J , Bureš M , Pejchal J , Schvach H
Published: January 2023

This article has been retracted
How to report drug concentrations or classic pharmacokinetics in regional anesthesia and pain medicine: what information needs to be provided?
Authors: Lonnqvist Per-Arne , Eksborg Staffan
Published: January 2023

When reporting individual drug concentrations or proper pharmacokinetic data, it is important to adequately report the circumstances associated with sampling, storing, analysis methodology and pharmacokinetic modelling. If this is not done in sufficient detail it will be impossible to properly evaluate the validity of the results. The present text represents a suggested approach on what to report when you are contemplating to submit a manuscript to regional anesthesia and pain medicine, this to achieve relevant standards in this context.
Charged anisotropic strange star in Rastall-Rainbow gravity
Authors: Das Krishna Pada , Maity Sayani , Saha Pameli , Debnath Ujjal
Published: January 2023

In this paper, we have provided a new family of solutions to Einstein–Maxwell field equations of charged spherically symmetric anisotropic matter distribution, related to the description of strange stars, in the background of Rastall-Rainbow gravity. We have constructed the field equations along with cosmological constant [Formula: see text] and quintessence dark energy described by the equation of state [Formula: see text] satisfying the range [Formula: see text]. We have solved the field equations by the proper choice of some relations like radial pressure with energy density and tangential pressures with the energy density and also a useful form of energy density. Next, we have discussed about the smooth connection between the interior spherically symmetric spacetime and the exterior Reissner–Nordstrom-de Sitter spacetime. To demonstrate the physical viability of our considered model, we have discussed a detailed physical analysis of different parameters analytically and graphically. Our whole graphical analysis has been performed for three compact stars like VelaX-1, SAXJ1808.4-3658 and 4U1820-30 in the context of our solutions. With the help of various suitable conditions for stability, we have examined the stability of our model by checking the radial and tangential sound speeds and the adiabatic index values.
Investment and Risk Management with Online News and Heterogeneous Networks
Authors: Ang Gary , Lim Ee-Peng
Published: January 2023

Stock price movements in financial markets are influenced by large volumes of news from diverse sources on the web, e.g., online news outlets, blogs, social media. Extracting useful information from online news for financial tasks, e.g., forecasting stock returns or risks, is, however, challenging due to the low signal-to-noise ratios of such online information. Assessing the relevance of each news article to the price movements of individual stocks is also difficult, even for human experts. In this article, we propose the Guided Global-Local Attention-based Multimodal Heterogeneous Network (GLAM) model, which comprises novel attention-based mechanisms for multimodal sequential and graph encoding, a guided learning strategy, and a multitask training objective. GLAM uses multimodal information, heterogeneous relationships between companies and leverages significant local responses of individual stock prices to online news to extract useful information from diverse global online news relevant to individual stocks for multiple forecasting tasks. Our extensive experiments with multiple datasets show that GLAM outperforms other state-of-the-art models on multiple forecasting tasks and investment and risk management application case-studies.
MixOOD: Improving Out-of-distribution Detection with Enhanced Data Mixup
Authors: Yang Taocun , Huang Yaping , Xie Yanlin , Liu Junbo , Wang Shengchun
Published: January 2023

Detecting out-of-distribution (OOD) inputs for deep learning models is a critical task when models are deployed in real-world environments. Recently, a large number of works have been dedicated to tackling the OOD detection problem. One of the most straightforward and effective ways is OOD training, which adds heterogeneous auxiliary data in the training stage. However, the extra auxiliary data cannot be involved arbitrarily. A high-quality and powerful auxiliary dataset must contain samples that belong to OOD but are close to in-distribution (ID), which can teach the model to learn more information about OOD samples, furthermore, distinguish OOD from ID. The key issue for this problem is how to simply acquire such distinctive OOD samples. In this article, we propose an enhanced Mixup-based OOD (MixOOD) detection strategy that can be attached to any threshold-based OOD detecting method. Different from the traditional Mixup designed for ID data augmentation, our proposed MixOOD generates augmented images with deliberately modified Mixup and then uses them as auxiliary OOD data to leverage the OOD detection. We test our method with classical OOD detecting approaches like Maximum Softmax Probability, Energy Score, and Out-of-distribution detector for Neural networks. Experiments show that models with MixOOD can better distinguish in- and out-of-distribution samples than the original version of each approach.
Bravely Say I Don’t Know: Relational Question-Schema Graph for Text-to-SQL Answerability Classification
Authors: Yu Wei , Yang Haiyan , Wang Mengzhu , Wang Xiaodong
Published: January 2023

Recently, the Text-to-SQL task has received much attention. Many sophisticated neural models have been invented that achieve significant results. Most current work assumes that all the inputs are legal and the model should generate an SQL query for any input. However, in the real scenario, users are allowed to enter the arbitrary text that may not be answered by an SQL query. In this article, we focus on the issue–answerability classification for the Text-to-SQL system, which aims to distinguish the answerability of the question according to the given database schema. Existing methods concatenate the question and the database schema into a sentence, then fine-tune the pre-trained language model on the answerability classification task. In this way, the database schema is regarded as sequence text that may ignore the intrinsic structure relationship of the schema data, and the attention that represents the correlation between the question token and the database schema items is not well designed. To this end, we propose a relational Question-Schema graph framework that can effectively model the attention and relation between question and schema. In addition, a conditional layer normalization mechanism is employed to modulate the pre-trained language model to generate better question representation. Experiments demonstrate that the proposed framework outperforms all existing models by large margins, achieving new state of the art on the benchmark TRIAGESQL. Specifically, the model attains 88.41%, 78.24%, and 75.98% in Precision, Recall, and F1, respectively. Additionally, it outperforms the baseline by approximately 4.05% in Precision, 6.96% in Recall, and 6.01% in F1.
Technoeconomic Analysis and Optimization of Hybrid Solar-Wind-Hydrodiesel Renewable Energy Systems Using Two Dispatch Strategies
Authors: Chen Tiansheng , Wang Minglei , Babaei Reza , Safa Mohammad Esmaeili , Shojaei Ali Asghar
Published: January 2023

Sustainable generation is impacted by the adoption of renewable energy, the growth of energy markets, and economic strategies. This paper offers a sustainable strategy and a technoeconomic analysis of off-grid hybrid energy systems (HES) in remote islands of Iran, including Lavan, Larak, and Failaka, utilizing PV module, wind turbine, and hydrokinetic turbines. Hourly wind speed, solar irradiation, and hydrovelocity have been implemented under load following (LF) and cycle charging (CC) dispatch strategies in order to ascertain the most appropriate systems. Lavan Island achieves the winning HES with a CC dispatch strategy, which consists of 3 hydroelectric turbines, 1 wind turbine, 349 kW of solar power, 150 kW of generator power, 316 kWh of batteries, and 287 kW of the converter. This ideal HES, which generates a consistent generation profile and reasonable net present cost (NPC) and cost of energy (COE) of M0.160$ and $0.013 kWh, respectively, can be practically attained in these areas. LF-controlled optimal solutions use less fuel than CC-based ones, leading to a higher share of renewable energy. Compared to Larak and Lavan, the CC- and LF-controlled options on Failaka Island generate cleaner electricity with emissions that are 57% and 44% lower. Regarding the ability to recoup the project’s initial investment costs, long-term energy production would be more financially viable than short-term. Short-term projects with higher financial uncertainty due to the salvage cost should use the CC method.
Anesthetic Management of a Pediatric Patient with Congenital Methemoglobinemia
Authors: Choi Sung-Wook , Putnam Elizabeth
Published: January 2023

A 15-year-old girl with congenital methemoglobinemia and no prior anesthetic history presented for the extraction of multiple impacted molars. Pulse oximetry values were expected to complicate the accurate monitoring of her oxygenation status in the perioperative period. An arterial line was placed for hemodynamic monitoring, arterial blood gas (ABG) analysis, and obtaining the methemoglobin (MetHgb) level and additional blood gases if clinically indicated. A continuous CO-oximeter was also used. Her intraoperative course was uneventful and she was discharged home on the same day of the procedure. This report reviews this rare condition and describes the monitoring methods utilized to assess her oxygen and methemoglobin levels, as well as the anesthetic techniques and pharmacologic agents employed. With appropriate intraoperative monitoring and careful drug selection, pediatric patients with this unusual condition can safely undergo general anesthesia.
Cohort Profile: A Prospective Study of Gut Microbiota in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Xie Huijia , Zhang Junmei , Gu Qilu , Yu Qiuyan , Xia Lingzi , Yao Shanshan , Liu Jiaming , Sun Jing
Published: January 2023

Emerging evidence highlights the role in the gut microbiota (GM), integral parts of the gut-brain axis, and plays in developing various complications in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS). The link between the GM and disease can be actively utilized in the diagnosis of poststroke complications. AIS-GM cohort is a prospective study focusing on the link between gut microbial signature and adverse outcomes in patients with AIS. From September 2020 to July 2021, a total of 507 AIS patients were enrolled, their clinical baseline data and faeces samples during hospitalization were collected, and poststroke outcomes were evaluated by a variety of questionnaires. At present, 395 faeces samples of AIS patients completed were collected, analyzed the composition of microbiota, and tracked the prognosis and neuropsychiatric complications of AIS patients. After the patient was discharged, the out-of-hospital follow up was conducted on the 90th days, then repeated once a year, which included the collections of fecal and blood samples and measurements of poststroke outcomes. AIS-GM cohort could provide an opportunity to observe the dynamic changes of GM after stroke. AIS-GM cohort contributes to deep understanding of risk factors for AIS and the relationship between GM and AIS outcomes. AIS-GM cohort can be used as a new tool to assess the prognosis of stroke and further predict the development of disease.
Analysis of Mechanisms for Increased Blood Pressure Variability in Rats Continuously Infused with Angiotensin II
Authors: Jiang Danfeng , Matsuzaki Minami , Kawagoe Yukiko , Kitamura Kazuo , Tsuruda Toshihiro , Kaikita Koichi , Asada Yujiro , Kato Johji
Published: January 2023

Objective. We reported that rats infused with angiotensin II (Ang II) are not only a model of hypertension but also of augmented 24 h blood pressure variability (BPV). In this study, we examined the mechanisms for Ang II-induced BPV, focusing on BP, heart rate (HR), baroreceptor reflex sensitivity (BRS), and medial area of the aortic arch. Methods. Nine-week-old male Wistar rats were infused with subcutaneous 5.2  μg/kg/h Ang II with or without oral administration with 30 mg/kg/day azelnidipine for 14 days. BP and HR were recorded every 15 min under an unrestrained condition by a radiotelemetry system, while BPV was evaluated by standard deviation of BP. BRS was quantified by a sequence analysis, and medial thickness of the aortic arch was measured by microscopic examination. Results. BPV increased at days 7 and 14 following continuous infusion of Ang II. Before the infusion, a positive correlation was found between BP and HR, but it became negative at day 7 and then weakened or disappeared at day 14. BRS was slightly impaired at day 7 and significantly lowered at day 14, a phenomenon accompanied by thickened medial area of the aortic arch in Ang II-infused rats. Those Ang II-induced alterations were all significantly attenuated by azelnidipine. Conclusions. The present findings suggest sequential changes in the mechanisms behind augmented BPV in rats continuously infused with Ang II over 14 days.
Cell-Free DNA in Cerebrospinal Fluid Complements the Monitoring Value of Interleukin-10 in Newly Diagnosed Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma
Authors: Wang Wei , Zou DongMei , Zhuang Zhe , Zhang Xiao , Zhang Li , Yin JingJing , Jia CongWei , Yuan Li , Cai Hao , Zhang Yan , Wang Xuan , Zhang MeiFen , Zhou DaoBin , Zhang Wei
Published: January 2023

Objectives. Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) usually has a poor prognosis. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) interleukin (IL)-10 has shown diagnostic, prognostic, and monitoring value in our previous studies. Cell-free circulating tumor DNA can be detected in the CSF of refractory/relapse cases and has also shown monitoring value. However, information about its monitoring value in newly diagnosed PCNSL patients and comparisons of CSF IL-10 and CSF cell-free DNA (cfDNA) are scarce. Methods. We performed next-generation sequencing on paraffin-embedded tissue and the serial CSF cfDNA of 10 newly diagnosed PCNSL patients and on the baseline CSF cfDNA of 11 other central nervous system lymphoma patients. We also monitored the CSF IL-10 levels of the 10 newly diagnosed PCNSL patients. Results. In seven newly diagnosed PCNSL patients with sufficient baseline CSF cfDNA, six had ≥1 mutated genes in their CSF cfDNA. The most common were MYD88(4/7), PIM1(3/7), MLL2(3/7), and ETV6(2/7). We also identified multiple somatic mutations, most commonly in PIM1. MYD88L265P can be detected in both tumor tissue and CSF cfDNA. The genomic profiles of CFS cfDNA were similar in PCNSL and PIOL patients. Newly diagnosed PCNSL patients with persistently positive cfDNA and negative IL-10 progressed quickly, while those with negative cfDNA and negative IL-10 were in maintenance therapy for more than 18 months. Two patients without cfDNA had increased CSF IL-10 concentrations before disease relapse. These results indicate that negative CSF cfDNA predicts better results, and persistently positive CSF cfDNA predicts disease progression earlier than conventional magnetic resonance imaging. Conclusion. In conclusion, CSF cfDNA is a potential predictor of relapse and progression, which complements the monitoring value of CSF IL-10 in newly diagnosed PCNSL patients.
A Review of the Risk Factors for Iron Deficiency Anaemia among Adolescents in Developing Countries
Authors: Wiafe Michael Akenteng , Ayenu Jessica , Eli-Cophie Divine
Published: January 2023

Introduction. Identifying the root causes of iron deficiency anaemia is a prerequisite for effective management and prevention in adolescents. This systematic review assessed risk factors of iron deficiency anaemia among adolescents living in developing countries. Method. Electronic databases such as PubMed, Cochrane Library, Science Direct, Google Scholar, and SCOPUS were comprehensively searched for studies published between 1990 and 2020 that involved risk factors of iron deficiency anaemia among adolescents living in developing countries. The quality of the included studies was assessed using the American Dietetic Association Quality Criteria Checklist. Results. A total of 2,252 publications were reviewed, and only fifteen cross-sectional studies were eligible for inclusion, eight of which focused on female adolescents and seven on both genders. Direct risk factors contributing to anaemia among adolescents included food intake practices (n = 10 studies), female adolescents (n = 8 studies), menstruation (n = 5 studies), and parasitic infection (n = 6 studies). Indirect risk factors found to be associated with anaemia among adolescents included low educational status (n = 4 studies) and low socioeconomic status (n = 3 studies). All fifteen studies were of good quality. Conclusion. Food intake practices, female adolescents, menstruation, parasitic infection, and low educational status were the leading risk factors of iron deficiency anaemia among adolescents. Further research should concentrate on assessing the effectiveness and efficacy of existing interventions aimed at preventing iron deficiency among vulnerable groups in developing countries.