bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A secondary qualitative analysis exploring the emotional and physical challenges of living with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Hadjiconstantinou Michelle , Eborall Helen , Troughton Jacqui , Robertson Noelle , Khunti Kamlesh , Davies Melanie J
Published: November 2021

Background: Many feel that their new identity as ‘someone living with diabetes’ does not fit with their biography. Some individuals may be able to re-assess life goals, adapt their identity and adjust to living with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). For others, the biographical disruption experienced with their condition may negatively affect their emotional well-being and identity.
Aim: To conceptualise and explore the emotional challenges experienced living with T2DM, using biographical disruption as analytical references.
Design and setting: Secondary qualitative analysis of data collected from 31 semi-structured interviews.
Method: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with people with T2DM in England. Data analysis was informed by constant comparative techniques.
Results: People with T2DM undergo a cognitive process when their biography suddenly becomes interrupted. Suboptimal T2DM can bring a feeling of loss of control over one’s future, and loss of independence. What used to be perceived as ‘normal’ is now perceived as something that requires regular management, negatively impacting their daily routine and ability to carry out activities that once used to be effortless.
Conclusions: Living with T2DM that is socially stigmatised can lead to poor well-being and may disturb one’s life biography. Strategies must take place to bring awareness to healthcare professionals of the impact and disruption that T2DM can have on an individual’s biography, identity and diabetes management.
Kewenangan Atribusi, Delegasi dan Mandat
Authors: GANDARA MOH
Published: November 2021

Penyusunan jurnal ini ingin memaparkan hal yang terkait dengan kewenangan atribusi, delegasi dan mandat. Teori dimaksud merupakan sistem wewenang yang diberikan oleh negara dan diatur demi menjalankan dan menciptakan pemerintah yang baik. ada dalam system kewenangan dalam peraturan undang-undang  dalam system pemerintahan di Indonesia. Begitu juga dengan pembatasan kewenangan yang dikaitkan dengan masa atau waktu dan batasan berlakunya wilayah kewenangan dan cakupan bidang atau materi kewenangan. Sengketa kewenangan diselesaikan oleh intern pejabat pemerintahan terakhir oleh presiden, dan apabila tidak menghasilkan mupakat diselesaikan oleh mahkamah konstitusi dan undang-undang. Menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif penelitian ini menemukan bahwa Larangan penyalahgunaan kewenang yaitu melewati wewenang, bertindak sewenang-wenang, tindakan diluar cakupan wewenang, mencampuradukan wewenang, diluar masa jabatan atau batas waktu berlakunya kewenangan, diluar batas wilayah tidak sah dan dapat dibatalkan oleh putusan pengadilan. pengawasan oleh intern pemerintah dan dapat mengajukan ke pengadilan tinggi TUN, putusan dari Pengadilan TUN bersipat final dan mengikat.
Design Thinking Hadis Hukum Pelaksanaan Aqiqah untuk Kepatuhan pada Protokol Kesehatan Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Darmalaksana Wahyudin
Published: November 2021

Pelaksanaan aqiqah merupakan sunnah yang sangat dianjurkan untuk keluarga muslim yang mendapat anugerah bayi baru lahir. Namun, pelaksanaan aqiqah di tengah pandemic Covid-19 mensyaratkan kepatuhan terhadap protokol kesehatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendesain pelaksanaan sunnah aqiqah pada masa pandemi Covid-19. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan jenis kualitatif melalui studi pustaka dan studi lapangan dengan pendekatan design thinking. Hasil dan pembahasan penelitian ini meliputi desain ruang pelaksanaan aqiqah, pemaknaan esensi kandungan hadis aqiqah sejalan dengan pencegahan wabah menular, dan perancangan ritual aqiqah sesuai harapan pasangan keluarga muslim yang dianugerahi bayi baru lahir dengan menerapkan tatanan kehidupan baru tanpa menghilangkan hikmah hukum Islam sebagai kepatuhan terhadap protokol kesehatan Covid-19. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa prototipe pelaksanaan aqiqah pada dasarnya dapat dirancang dengan tuntutan keadaan baru tetapi tidak bertentangan dengan kaidah hukum Islam. Rekomendasi penelitian ini adalah, pendekatan baru design thinking perlu mendapat sentuhan pengembangan dalam keilmuan Islam.
Legal Policy On Rights and Issues of Refugees in India
Authors: Mundhe Rohidas
Published: November 2021

According to the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees in India, there are 70.8 million people who were forcibly displaced worldwide. Of these 41.3 million people displaced internally, 25.9 million were refugees, 3.9 million were stateless and 3.5 million were asylum seekers. Even if we live in the 21st century, it is a very sad situation where millions of people are deprived of their natural rights around the world. They experience various types of discrimination and torture based on race, religion, nationality, language, place of birth, membership of certain social groups or political opinion. Aiming to analyze the legal policies implemented by the Indian government for refugees, this research  used juridical normative method with qualitative approach, literature yuridis normati and field studies, resulting in India having adopted an open door refugee policy without limiting itself to any legal framework and accommodating millions of refugees from various countries.
Tahap Pelaksanaan Tradisi Mombesara dalam Perkawinan Adat Suku Tolaki
Authors: Ramlin Ramlin
Published: November 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh data dan informasi yang jelas tentang tradisi mombesara melalui kalo sara dalam perkawinan  adat suku Tolaki. Manfaat penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memperkaya literatur tertulis budaya suku Tolaki, sebagai pedoman praktis dalam perkawinan adat suku Tolaki, melestarikan budaya perkawinan adat suku Tolaki dan dapat menjadi bahan perbandingan para peneliti selanjutnya. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian lapangan yakni peneliti secara langsung mengumpulkan data dan informasi dari informan dilapangan. Data penelitian ini adalah data yang dituturkan oleh juru bicara adat (pabitara), pemangku adat (puutobu), dan pemerintah setempat (pamarenda). Sumber data dalam penelitian ini adalah bersumber dari beberapa informan (pabitara). Menggunakan metode penelitian Kualitatif, Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teknik perekaman, simak catat dan teknik elisitasi. Sedangkan teknik analisis datanya adalah teknik analisis deskriptif yaitu menguraikan setiap ungkapan yang digunakan oleh pabitara pada saat upacara adat perkawinan berlangsung. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini adalah (1) pelaksanaan tradisi mombesara dalam perkawinan adat suku Tolaki, (2) mombesara moawo pesuko/moawo niwule, (3) mombesara mesokey, (4) mombesara mepoteeniako, (5) mombesara mowea, (6) mombesara mowindahako.
Transient increased immunoglobulin levels in a hyper-IgM syndrome patient with COVID-19 infection
Authors: Safarirad Molood , Ganji Ali Abbaszadeh , Nazari Farzad , Yazdani Reza , Abolhassani Hassan , Vosughi Motlagh Ahmad
Published: November 2021

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has affected millions of people around the world. This zoonotic-enveloped virus is primarily transmitted through inhalation. Infected people are commonly asymptomatic or manifest mild symptoms, including fever, cough, diarrhea, and fatigue. However, it may lead to severe patterns associated with multiple organ failure in individuals with an impaired immune system.
Objective: Here we report a 7-year-old girl with hyper-immunoglobulin M (IgM) (HIgM) phenotype, admitted to the hospital emergency department with fever, cough, and pneumonia symptoms because of the COVID-19 infection. Coronavirus infection was confirmed by a positive real-time polymerase chain reaction test. Surprisingly, serum levels of both IgG and IgA of the patient were transiently normalized during the COVID-19 infection when tested prior to the monthly injection of intravenous immunoglobulin. After she recovered from the COVID infection, her immunoglobulin levels returned to the primary stage and she demonstrated HIgM phenotype.
Conclusion: Since this transient increase in the levels of immunoglobulins was solely observed during the COVID-19 infection, and no other infectious episodes were diagnosed in the patient, clarifying the exact cause would help to understand in a better manner the implications and specification of humoral immunity in patients with primary antibody deficiencies.
Plumbagin attenuates high glucose-induced trophoblast cell apoptosis and insulin resistance via activating AKT/mTOR pathway
Authors: Zhang Yilin , Ni Guantai , Yang Hongying
Published: November 2021

Plumbagin, a bioactive phytoconstituent, is isolated from the root of Plumbago zeylanica L. Plumbagin possesses antidiabetic effect to mediate glucose homeostasis, wound healing and diabetic nephropathy. However, the involvement of plumbagin in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has not been reported yet. Trophoblast cell line (HTR8/SVneo) was incubated with high glucose to establish cell model of GDM. Cell viability and proliferation were detected by MTT and EdU staining. Flow cytometry was used to investigate cell apoptosis. Cell viability of HTR8/SVneo was reduced by high glucose or incubation of plumbagin. Plumbagin restored reduced cell viability and proliferation of HTR8/SVneo induced by high glucose. Plumbagin attenuated high glucose-induced cell apoptosis in HTR8/SVneo cells through upregulation of Bcl-2 and down-regulation of Bax, cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved caspase-9. Protein expression of glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT-4), insulin receptor (INSR)-B and INSR substrate (IRS1) was decreased in high glucose-induced HTR8/SVneo but increased by plumbagin. The suppressive effects of high glucose on phosphorylation of AKT and mTOR in HTR8/SVneo were reversed by plumbagin. Plumbagin improved high glucose-induced cell apoptosis and insulin resistance of HTR8/SVneo through activation of AKT/mTOR pathway, suggesting that plumbagin might be used as a potential strategy for the prevention of GDM.
Solvable groups having primitive characters of degree two
Authors: ÇINARCI Burcu , ERKOÇ Temha
Published: November 2021

In this paper, we are interested in the classification of finite solvable groups having primitive characters of degree two. We first determine all finite solvable groups having both a faithful primitive character of degree two and a faithful real-valued irreducible character. Then we classify all finite solvable groups having at most five nonlinear monolithic characters one of which is primitive of degree two.
Scattering analysis of a quantum impulsive boundary value problem with spectral parameter
Authors: AYGAR Yelda , ÖZBEY Güher Gülçehre
Published: November 2021

We are interested in scattering and spectral analysis of an impulsive boundary value problem (IBVP) generated with a $q$-difference equation with eigenparameter in boundary condition in addition to impulsive conditions. We work on the Jost solution and scattering function of this problem, and by using the scattering solutions, we establish the resolvent operator, continuous spectrum and point spectrum of this problem. Furthermore, we discuss asymptotic behavior of the Jost solution and properties of eigenvalues.Also, we illustrate our results by a detailed example which is the special case of main problem.
Corrigendum to "On generalized open sets"
Authors: ERDEM Serap , ÖZKOÇ Murad , ISSAKA Faical
Published: November 2021

In this corrigendum, we show that Theorem 3.9, Theorem 2.9, Theorem 2.10(1) and Theorem 2.21(9)(10) given in the paper entitled ``On generalized open sets'' [Hacet. J. Math. Stat. 47(6) (2018), 1438-1446] are incorrect.
Ruled surfaces corresponding to hyper-dual curves
Authors: ASLAN Selahattin , BEKAR Murat , YAYLI Yusuf
Published: November 2021

In this paper, we give the definition of the concept of unit hyper-dual sphere. We take a subset of this sphere and show that each curve on this subset represents two ruled surfaces in three dimensional real vector space such that these ruled surfaces have a common base curve and their rulings are perpendicular. Finally, we give some examples to illustrate the applications of our main results.
Turizmde Artırılmış Gerçeklik Uygulamalarının Destinasyon Ziyaret Etme Niyeti ve Destinasyonları Önerme İstekliliğine Etkisi
Authors: ERTÜRK Cansu , EKİCİ Nezahat
Published: November 2021

Turizmde deneyimsel pazarlama ve destinasyon pazarlaması özelinde artırılmış gerçeklik (AG) uygulamalarına olan ilgi giderek artmaktadır. Bu araştırma ile AG uygulamalarında hangi deneyim boyutlarının tüketicilerin genel ziyaret deneyimlerini etkilediğini tespit etmek ve AG uygulamasını deneyimleyen bireyin gerçek deneyimi yaşama niyeti üzerindeki etkisini incelemek amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma kapsamında Karaman Tanıtım Merkezi’nde artırılmış gerçekliği deneyimleyen 176 üniversite öğrencisinden anket yöntemiyle veri toplanmıştır. Araştırma modeli Smart PLS programı aracılığıyla Yapısal Eşitlik Modellemesiyle test edilmiştir. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre AG uygulamalarında eğitim ve eğlence boyutlarının bireylerin genel ziyaret deneyimlerini etkilediği; genel ziyaret deneyiminin de bireylerin tanıtımı yapılan destinasyonları ziyaret etme niyetini ve tanıtım merkezini tekrar ziyaret etme niyetlerini etkilediği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Ayrıca bireylerin tanıtımı yapılan destinasyonları ziyaret etme niyeti ve tanıtım merkezini tekrar ziyaret etme niyetleri de tanıtımı yapılan destinasyonları önerme istekliliğine etki etmektedir. Elde edilen sonuçların turizm pazarlaması özelinde destinasyon pazarlama faaliyetlerinde bulunan kamu ve özel kurum/kuruluşlara içgörü sağlaması beklenmektedir.
Contribución al conocimiento florístico de la Sierra de los Cardos, Susticacán, Zacatecas, México
Authors: Hurtado-Reveles Leopoldo , Burgos-Hernández Mireya , Vázquez-Sánchez Monserrat , López-Acosta Juan Carlos
Published: November 2021

Background: The Sierra de los Cardos is one of the main mountainous areas of Zacatecas. It is located in a transition enclave between physiographic provinces, with a wide environmental heterogeneity that makes it extremely important in biological terms. Despite this, the area has not been botanically explored.
Questions: Which and how many families, genera, and species of vascular plants does the Sierra de los Cardos host in the municipality of Susticacán? Are there any threatened or endemic species?  If so, how many and which ones?
Studied species: Vascular flora
Study site and dates: Sierra de los Cardos, Susticacán, Zacatecas. 2019-2020
Methods: A floristic inventory was carried out by the quadrant method. The specimens were determined with the support of specialized literature and corroboration with specimens from herbaria.
Results: 74 families, 212 genera, and 341 species were identified. The families Asteraceae (75 species), Poaceae (38), and Fabaceae (27), and the genera Muhlenbergia (12 species), Quercus (10), Ipomoea, and Stevia (8) were the richest in species. 116 endemic species of Mexico were identified, two at risk, six introduced, and 16 new state records. According to the habit, herbs (264 species) dominate, followed by shrubs (55) and trees (22).
Conclusions: The Sierra de los Cardos in the municipality of Susticacán presents an important floristic richness that, including the new records, endemic and endangered species, highlights the need of including the area in conservation strategies and continuing botanical explorations both at local as well as at the state level.
What is a Nation for the New Generation of Russians? (Ethnic Self-Identification of Descendants of Mixed Marriages in the Context of the Worldview Paradigms of Our Century)
Authors:   Sociological Institute of the RAS – Branch of the Federal Center of Theoretical and Applied Sociology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg, Lourie Svetlana
Published: November 2021

The article is devoted to the perception and understanding of the categories of the national, nation, patriotism and related values by the young generation in the context of an increasingly spreading postmodern and transhumanist worldview. The topic is considered on the example of an interview conducted by the author among students of the Russian State Pedagogical University named after Herzen (St. Petersburg). The problem of ethnic self-identification of descendants from interethnic marriages is taken as a starting point. It is shown that it differs depending on whose point of view the phenomenon of “metisization” is considered. It was revealed to be the cultural, rather than genetic, basis of Russian self-identification among modern students (which seems to be traditional for the Russian ethnos), as well as the large role of the constructivist factor in ethnic self-identification. Constructivism is expressed in the fact that, in the opinion of a significant number of interviewed students, any descendant from interethnic families can choose any nationality, and not necessarily the nationality of one of the parents. In general, it is the students’ view that questions of national self-determination relate to the sphere of a person’s free choice. To confirm the latter, some aspects of the youth value system were analyzed, such as the patriotism characteristic for today’s youth, nationality (including inter-ethnic marriages), the future and behavior patterns that one should be guided by. A significant part of the students surveyed tend to give preference to globalist values (different from traditionally Western ones) and adhere to post-Christian patterns of behavior. The category of a nation is losing its meaning, and the transhumanistic worldview is apparently gaining influence among the surveyed students. Ontologism begins to disappear from the perception of young people; the world for them is increasingly turning into a “constructor”.
Mythological Subtext as a Specificity of the Writer’s Idiostyle (Based on the Example of Yuri Polyakov’s Novel “The Mushroom Tsar”)
Authors:   Novosibirsk State University of Economics and Management, Russian Federation, Zakhidova Larisa
Published: November 2021

The best works of modern literature often have mythological overtones that allow us to raise the deep layers of human experience. Mythologism of the XX - XXI centuries is a wide, complex and contradictory phenomenon, requiring also serious penetration into the linguistics of the text of the studied work. The analysis of the literary process, from the 19th century to the 21st century, clearly shows that it is traditional to have vocabulary referring the reader to various cultural subtexts, which we call mythopoetic paradigms that have an associative connection with mythological images and are a means of creating mythological subtext, as well as a means of enriching a literary text with additional meanings. Mythopoetic paradigms help in creating the subtext of a work by their ability to evoke certain models, images, whole cultural traditions in the reader’s mind. A.A. Potebnya believes that the doctrine of ‘mythological devices’ of thought should be given a place in the history of literature: if the previous content of our thought is not a subjective means of cognition, but its source, and the image (being recognized as ‘objective’) is completely transferred into meaning, then in this the case the researcher comes across myth-making. Many myths are generated by the external and especially the internal form of the word. The research of Yu. M. Polyakov’s texts convincingly shows a mythopoetic type of thinking of this writer, since mythopoetic paradigms are cross-cutting and cover almost all of the author’s texts. In this regard a novel “The Mushroom Tsar” by Yu. M. Polyakov is especially specific. Yu. M. Polyakov’s works are rich in mythologemes of various types that allows us to talk about his texts within the framework of the neo-mythological tradition, which provides a deep understanding of the writer’s texts and the system of his idiostyle as a whole.
Консультативная помощь родителям детей дошкольного возраста
Authors: Абанкина Ирина , Филатова Людмила
Published: November 2021

В работе исследуется деятельность консультационных центров по оказанию родителям с детьми дошкольного возраста психолого-педагогической, консультативной, методической и диагностической помощи. Консультирование родителей, особенно в сложных жизненных ситуациях, в том числе при угрозе негативного сценария развития ребенка, опирается на традиции гуманитарной педагогики и активное вовлечение родителей в процессы воспитания и образования. Поддержка родителей, направленная прежде всего на повышение их психолого-педагогической компетентности, приобретает особую актуальность в условиях распространения коронавирусной инфекции и перехода на дистанционный формат работы.
Circulating predictive markers of immune checkpoint inhibitors in non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Musaelyan A. A. , Akopov A. L. , Lapin S. V. , Nazarov V. D. , Fillipov D. I. , Emanuel V. L. , Orlov S. V.
Published: November 2021

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) alone or in combination with chemotherapy have become one of the key approaches in the treatment of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Evaluation of level of PD-L1 (ligand of the programmed cell death receptor 1) expression on tumor cells using immunohistochemistry is the only approved option for determining the indications of ICIs in this group of patients. However, despite high level of PD-L1 expression, up to 80 % of patients do not respond to therapy due to the presence of primary or acquired resistance, which determines the limited effectiveness of ICI. In addition, 8–17 % of PD-L1-negative patients with NSCLC are also able to respond to ICIs. The limitation of this marker is that it does not allow assessing both intratumoral and systemic immune status. It is necessary to search for additional predictive markers to improve the accuracy of the selection of candidates for immunotherapy, which will avoid costs, wasted time, and a high risk of immune-related adverse events in potentially unresponsive patients. The attention of researchers is devoted to circulating markers in peripheral blood, as a non-invasive alternative to biopsy for predicting and monitoring the response. This review focuses on the most promising immunological markers in peripheral blood as potential predictors of response to ICIs in patients with advanced NSCLC.
LYN kinase and estrogen receptor ERα: involvement in carcinogenesis and potential therapeutic target for tumors
Authors: Tikhonova V. V. , Finashutina Y. P. , Kesaeva L. A.
Published: November 2021

Primary or secondary resistance is an important problem when treating any type of tumor. It is often associated with changes in target genes’ functioning. This raises the question of understanding functional intracellular interactions of genes and proteins in oncological processes and therapeutic resistance occurring. When searching target proteins of targeted therapy, it is necessary to identify biomolecules, participating in cell signaling life, which differ significantly in normal and oncological processes and interact with a large number of pathways. It is also important that these biomolecules are not an artifact of tumor therapy or cell line cultivation, and that it is possible to influence them directly, obtaining complex effect. In addition, it is important to study changes occurring during therapy with the biomolecules, which include proto-oncogene of SRC family kinase LYN and gene of the estrogen receptor α ESR1. All these factors may help to overcome the emerging resistance.Objective – to study the way genes of SRC kinase LYN and estrogen receptor α ESR1 influence oncological processes and occurrence of therapeutic resistance.
Menopausal hormone therapy affects quality of life in multimorbid late postmenopausal women
Authors: Izmozherova N. V. , Popov A. A. , Oboskalova T. A. , Bakhtin V. M. , Verkhoturtseva A. V. , Vikhareva A. A. , Safyanik E. A. , Taranov V. E.
Published: November 2021

Aim: to evaluate an impact of menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) on late postmenopausal multimorbid women’s quality of life (QoL).

Materials and Methods. 132 late postmenopausal women were enrolled to the study and were divided into two groups: group 1 consisted of 66 subjects with moderate multimorbidity and Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) < 3; group 2 (66 patients) had high multimorbidity (CCI ≥ 3). Women receiving or not MHT were subdivided in both groups. SF-36 questionnaire was used to assess QoL, Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale (HADS) – for evaluating emotional status, MMSE test (Mini-Mental State Examination) – for cognition evaluation. Modified Menopausal Index (MMI) was calculated as well.

Results. Women with a low level of comorbidity who had previously received MHT have a significantly higher QoL. The median age for subjects was 69 [65; 71] years, median CCI score was 3.5 [2.5; 5.0]. In addition, in group 2 there were found significantly lower physical functioning (p < 0.001), role-physical functioning (p = 0.028), physical health (p = 0.002) domains, as well as more severe persistent menopausal symptoms (p = 0.011) and depression (p = 0.043). History of MHT in group 1 was associated with higher levels of physical functioning (p = 0.033) and role-physical functioning (p = 0.023), whereas in group 2 MHT was associated with better cognition (p = 0.028) and lower depression symptoms compared with those lacking history of MHT.

Conclusion. Multimorbidity in late postmenopausal women was associated with impaired QoL physical domains. MHT allows to effectively improve QoL in women with moderate multimorbidity and to protect cognitive state to higher level as well as reduce depression symptoms in women with severe multimorbidity.
Angiomyxoma of the pelvis in women. Clinical cases
Authors: Slukhanchuk E. V. , Tyan A. G. , Bedzhanyan A. L. , Nechitaylo L. M. , Dolzhanskiy O. V. , Galyan T. N.
Published: November 2021

Aggressive pelvic angiomyxoma belongs to one of the rare types of mesenchymal pelvic tumors found in premenopause patients. Currently, this pathology is mainly treated via surgical intervention. Alternatively, it may also be managed by using radiation or hormone therapy. The final diagnosis is usually established by histological examination of removed tumor, because biopsy analysis during examination may not always provide a high diagnostic value. This tumor type is able to relapse, even after 100 % surgically removed intervention. Immunohistochemistry examination reveals expression of progesterone and estrogen receptors. One of the hormone therapy options with good long-term effect is based on using gonadotropin-releasing hormone drugs. Taking into consideration slow tumor growth and hormonal sensitivity, one of the options for managing disease relapse is patient follow-up, especially in perimenopausal subjects. Single clinical cases have been published related to pelvic angiomyxoma so that it results in introducing individualized management for every certain patient, but unified therapeutic approaches have not been developed yet.
Практические рекомендации по лекарственному лечению рака прямой кишки
Authors: Федянин М. Ю. , Артамонова Е. В. , Барсуков Ю. А. , Болотина Л. В. , Гладков О. А. , Глебовская В. В. , Гордеев С. С. , Карачун А. М. , Козлов Н. А. , Любченко Л. Н. , Малихова О. А. , Мамедли З. З. , Михайлов А. И. , Подлужный Д. В. , Проценко С. А. , Рыбаков Е. Г. , Рыков И. В. , Самсонов Д. В. , Сидоров Д. В. , Снеговой А. В. , Ткачёв С. И. , Трякин А. А. , Цуканов А. С. , Черных М. В. , Шелыгин Ю. А.
Published: November 2021

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Практические рекомендации по лечению рака анального канала и кожи перианальной области
Authors: Гордеев С. С. , Бесова Н. С. , Глебовская В. В. , Горбунова В. А. , Мамедли З. З. , Ткачев С. И. , Федянин М. Ю. , Черных М. В.
Published: November 2021

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Trichophyton Species Isolated from Asymptomatic Patients of the Pet-owner Pair in Mexico
Authors: Adame- Gomez Roberto , Gisela Rodrigez- Romero Monica , Hilario- Alejandro Isabel , Alheli Pineda- Rodriguez Sandra , Toribio- Jimenez Jeiry , Rodriguez- Bataz Elvia , Ramirez- Peralta Arturo
Published: November 2021

Background and Purpose: Superficial mycoses are the fourth most common cause of disease worldwide. It is not surprising that zoonotic transmission occurs to humans due to close contact with different animals, be it companion or farm animals. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the presence of asymptomatic dermatophyte carriers in the owner-pet pairs, identify the most common etiologic agents, and find the likely connection between the carrier status of an owner and the presence of dermatophytes in their pets.
Materials and Methods: From May 2019 to January 2020, 21 cats and 115 dogs with their respective owners were selected for dermatophyte culture. All the dogs and cats included in the study were from the communities of southeastern Mexico. The samples were taken with a cotton swab, which was vigorously rubbed and twisted on the scalp or body of the pet four times and grown on Mycosel Agar. The isolates were identified based on macroscopic and microscopic characteristics. The prevalence of the binomial ranged from 0.73% in pet skin and human hands to 2.2% in human scalp. In humans, the agents were Trichophyton tonsurans and Trichophyton verrucosum, while in pets, a strain of Trichophyton sp was found.
Conclusion: Different species of dermatophytes were found in the owner/pet pairs, which denotes that coexistence is not related in asymptomatic cases.
A simple multiplex polymerase chain reaction assay for rapid identification of the common pathogenic dermatophytes:Trichophyton interdigitale, Trichophyton rubrum, and Epidermophyton floccosum
Authors: Faramarzi Sama , Motamedi Marjan , Rezaei-Matehkolaei Ali , Aboutalebian Shima , Ansari Saham , Didehdar Mojtaba , Bahadoran Mehran , Mirhendi Hossein
Published: November 2021

Background and Purpose: The most common etiological agents of human dermatophytosis in various parts of the world are Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton interdigitale, and Epidermophyton floccosum. The main aim of this study was to design and evaluate a simple and straightforward multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR)assay for reliable identification/differentiation of these species in clinical isolates.
Materials and Methods: The reliable sequences of several molecular targets of dermatophytes species were used to design a multiplex PCR for the identification of common pathogenic dermatophytes. The isolates and clinical specimens examined in this study included seven standard strains of dermatophytes, 101 isolates of dermatophytes and non-dermatophyte molds/yeasts which had already been identified by sequencing or PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), and 155 clinical samples from patients suspected of cutaneous mycoses.
Results: Species-specific primer pairs for T. rubrum and T. interdigitale/T. mentagrophytes were designed based on the sequence data of the translation elongation factor 1-alpha gene, and the primers for E. floccosum targeted the specific sequence of the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS). The multiplex PCR successfully detected T.rubrum, T. interdigitale/T. mentagrophytes, and E. floccosum strains that were identified by sequencing or PCR-RFLP. However, the primer pairs selected for T. interdigitale/T. mentagrophytes cross-reacted with Trichophyton tonsurans. In testing the PCR system directly for clinical samples, the proportion of positive multiplex PCR was higher than positive culture (68.1% vs. 55.4%, respectively).
Conclusion: The multiplex assay could detect three common agents out of several causal agents of dermatophytosis, namely T. rubrum, T. interdigitale, and E. floccosum.Therefore, by adding pan-dermatophyte primers it can be used as a comprehensive detection/identification test.
Non-Candida albicans Candida Species: Virulence Factors and Species Identification in India
Authors: Prasad Singh Dharmendra , Kumar Verma Rajesh , Sarswat Swati , Saraswat Satender
Published: November 2021

Background and Purpose: The predominant cause of candidiasis was Candida albicans which has recently changed to non-Candida albicans Candida (NCAC) (i.e., Candida spp. other than the C. albicans). The NCAC spp., earlier considered non-pathogenic or minimally virulent, are now considered a primary cause of morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised individuals. Given the NCAC spp.has become more common in clinical cases, this study aimed to determine the prevalence of NCAC spp. in different clinical specimens and assess a few of their virulence factors.
Materials and Methods: Routine samples for bacterial culture and sensitivity that showed colony characteristics, like Candida on Blood Agar and microscopic features resembling Candida spp., were processed further. Candida isolates underwent tests for chlamydospore formation and biochemical tests, including sugar fermentation and sugar assimilation tests. These were grown at 42oC, and their colony color was identified using HiCrome™ Candida Differential Agar (HiMedia Laboratories Pvt. Ltd., Mumbai,India), HiCandidaTM Identification Kit (HiMedia Laboratories Pvt. Ltd., Mumbai, India),and VITEK-2® Compact (Biomérieux, France). Virulence factors, such as adherence to buccal epithelial cells (ABEC), biofilm formation, hemolytic activity, and production of coagulase enzyme were also tested.
Results: Mean age of the patients was 38.46 years with a male-female ratio of 1.36:1. In total, 137 Candida isolates were recovered; 45.3%, 19.7%, and 13.9% of the isolates were isolated from urine, vaginal swabs, and oropharyngeal swabs, respectively. Moreover, 55(40.1%) isolates were those of C. albicans and 82 (59.9%) isolates belonged to NCAC spp.,with C. tropicalis (23.4%) contributing highest among NCAC species. Furthermore, C. albicans (3; 50%) was the most common spp. in cases of candidemia. Haemolysin production (85.5%) and ABEC (78.2%) were the major virulence factors in C. albicans. C.tropicalis (59.4%) and C. dubliniensis (50%) showed maximum ABEC. Biofilm forming capacity was higher in C. tropicalis (78.1%) than C. albicans (67%).
Conclusion: Results of this study suggest varied prevalence and virulence based on geographical locations, even within a subcontinent. It clearly indicates the emergence of the NCAC spp. and their predominance in different body fluids. Identification of Candida to the spp. level should become a routine in all laboratories.
Effects of Bunium persicum essential oil on the reduction of spore germination, growth, and expression of FUM1 and FUM14 genes in Fusarium verticillioides isolates
Authors: Balal Asad , Sharifzadeh Aghil , Shokri Hojjatollah , Khosravi Ali Reza
Published: November 2021

Background and Purpose: Black Cumin of Kerman (Bunium persicum) is an Iranian plant that is commonly used as an antispasmodic, carminative, and antimicrobial substance. The present study aimed to assess different components of the essence of B.persicum and its effect on antifungal activity, spore germination inhibition, and expressions of FUM1 and FUM14 genes in Fusarium verticillioides strains.
Materials and Methods: The essence was extracted by hydrodistillation and analyzed through gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy. A broth microdilution method was used for the determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). In addition, the expression of FUM1 and FUM14 genes of toxigenic F. verticillioides was assessed by using the real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) technique.
Results: Based on the findings, most of the essence consisted of γ-terpinene (15.56%),propanal, and 2-methyl-3-phenyl (14.18%). The oil showed a good antifungal activity(mean MIC value: 2556.8 μg/ml) as well as the inhibition of spore germination and mycelial growth (P<0.05). The RT-PCR demonstrated that the expression levels of FUM1 and FUM14 of B. persicum-treated F. verticillioides were 0.43 and 0.53 folds ower than the control samples, respectively.
Conclusion: These findings revealed that the essential oil of B. persicum has different components responsible for the inhibition of mycelial growth and spore germination of F. verticillioides as well as reduction of expressions of FUM1 and FUM14 genes involving fumonisin production.
The impact of weight loss on thyroid autoimmunity - Weight loss decreases thyroid peroxidase antibody levels: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: MUTLU Hacer Hicran , MUTLU Hasan Hüseyin
Published: November 2021

Objectives: Within the last two decades, an increase has been seen both in autoimmune diseases and obesity, therefore, the correlation between obesity and autoimmunity has been questioned and many studies have been conducted on this issue. Based on this relationship, we aimed to determine whether the weight loss affects the thyroid peroxidase (TPO) antibody levels of obese individuals with thyroid autoimmunity or not.
Methods: The patients who were aged over 18 years, had a Body Mass Index (BMI) ≥ 30 Kg/m2 and TPO antibody ≥ 5.60 IU/mL were included in the study. The primary endpoint was the change in TPO antibody levels of the patients at the end of the sixth month of the follow-up. The correlations of TPO antibody levels with anthropometric and laboratory measurements were evaluated.
Results: At the end of the sixth month of follow-up of the patients, TPO antibody levels decreased after weight loss (p < 0.001). No significant correlations were found between the differences in weight, fat mass, muscle mass and TPO antibody levels (p = 0.171; p = 0.656; p = 0.939).
Conclusions: Weight loss caused a decrease in the levels of TPO antibody levels in the obese individuals having thyroid autoimmunity pointing that weight loss might be useful to stop the progression or lead to regression of the disease.
Preferences of speech and language therapists for telepractice in the COVID-19 pandemic and factors affecting their acceptance of the delivery model
Authors: CANGİ Mehmet Emrah , YAŞA İbrahim Can , IŞILDAR Ayşe
Published: November 2021

Objectives: With the COVID-19 pandemic, telepractice became a great option in speech-language therapy services, as in many healthcare utilities. However, the transition to this service model did not occur at a similar rate for every clinician. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the experiences, preferences and factors affecting the acceptance of speech-language therapists (SLT) regarding telepractice in Turkey.
Methods: Sixty-seven SLTs were presented with a questionnaire that addressed the professional tendencies, experiences and views on telepractice of them. Descriptive statistics regarding the preferences and experiences of SLTs were calculated. Moreover, factors that might be related to the number of sessions they held at the pandemic were examined with the Chi-squared test.
Results: The speech-language disorders that SLTs find the most suitable for telepractice were fluency disorders, voice disorders and speech sound disorders. Groups that SLTs deemed most suitable for receiving telepractice in terms of age were 12-21, 22-64 and 7-11, respectively. A significant relationship was found between the frequency of online meetings and telepractice sessions before the pandemic and the number of sessions during the pandemic. Furthermore, a significant relationship also was found between satisfaction with using clinician skills in telepractice and the number of telepractice sessions during the pandemic.
Conclusions: The importance of the first experiences of SLTs in the acceptance of the delivery method emerged. The necessity of in-service trainings and exemplary models to improve attitudes emerged. With these trainings, ensuring security, standardizing practices and increasing qualified services will be provided as well.
Home Quarantine or Home Isolation During the Covid-19 Pandemic as a Deprivation of Liberty under Polish Law
Authors: Sroka Tomasz
Published: November 2021

Combating the COVID-19 pandemic requires that States should take many measures, which may also substantially interfere with the rights or freedoms of individuals. One commonly used mechanism to counter the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus is home quarantine or home isolation. Bearing in mind the guidelines arising from ECHR case-law, the article assesses whether home quarantine or home isolation applied under Polish law constitutes a deprivation of liberty. Taking into consideration the manner and conditions of these isolation measures and the possibility of using coercive measures, home quarantine or home isolation under Polish law constitutes deprivation of liberty within the meaning of Article 5(1)(e) of the ECHR. Then attention is drawn to selected consequences arising from this classification. In particular, it is emphasized that they cannot be imposed by a decision of the legislator, but only as a result of an act of law enforcement by sanitary authorities or courts.
Regulation of Triage in Times of a Pandemic: Experiences from Slovenia (and Beyond)
Authors: Mišič Luka , Strban Grega
Published: November 2021

The article offers an overview of legal regulations governing (medical) triage in Slovenia and their importance in times of the Covid-19 epidemic. Focusing on the Patients’ Rights, Health Care and Health Insurance, Medical Services, and Health Services Act, it looks at ways in which legal rules and medical standards intertwine when it comes to deciding who should receive particular limited medical treatment first or in what order. It also deals with ways in which professional rules of conduct or medical standards may, on the one hand, exclude the unlawfulness of particular conduct, and how, on the other hand, law may limit the autonomy of medical practitioners. Both the autonomy in their professional conduct as well as healthcare providers’, but especially professional organizations’ law-making autonomy. Even if grounded in the Slovenian legal order, the present article by nature surpasses its domestic boundaries, since the Covid-19 epidemic created similar issues in several if not in all European jurisdictions. Even more so, since the article addresses several general challenges concerning triage in times or moments of crisis, such as state’s positive obligations, recognition of patients’ private autonomy, medical treatment abroad, ethical deliberations concerning a just distribution of scarce medical services, etc.
The Normative Structure of the State of Epidemic under Polish Law
Authors: Bosek Leszek
Published: November 2021

This article analyses normative structure of a key anti-epidemic emergency measure under Polish law – a State of Epidemic. It is defined as a legal situation introduced in a given area in connection with an epidemic in order to undertake anti-epidemic and preventive measures specified in the Act of 5 December 2008 on preventing and combating infections and infectious diseases to minimize the effects of the epidemic. The Act and this complex measure is authorised by Article 68(4) of the Constitution of the Republic of Poland of 2 April 1997. It requires public authorities to “combat epidemic illnesses and prevents the negative health consequences of degradation of the environment“. The purpose of this article is also to explain why Poland reacted to the SARS-CoV-2 crisis declaring the nationwide State of Epidemic on 20 March 2020 and not by other extraordinary measures.
SARS-COV-2 Vaccination and Employment: the Legal Framework in the EU and Hungary
Authors: Földes Mária Eva , Kaposvári Csilla
Published: November 2021

The paper explores whether and under what conditions, vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 may become a mandatory requirement for employees. It includes a discussion on EU action on SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and its relevance for national level policy with emphasis on the legal basis and instruments used by the Union to persuade national authorities into action to increase vaccination uptake. The analysis then moves to the national level by focusing on the case of Hungary. Following an overview of the legal and regulatory framework for SARS-CoV-2 vaccines deployment, the analysis zooms into the sphere of employment and explores whether and how the SARS-CoV-2 vaccination may be turned into a mandatory workplace safety requirement. The paper highlights the decision of the Hungarian government to introduce compulsory vaccination for employees in the healthcare sector, and concludes with a discussion of the relevant rules and their potential, broader implications.
Law and Medicine: the Influence of Fundamental Rights on the Corona-crisis and the Influence of the Corona-crisis on Fundamental Rights in the EU
Authors: Trstenjak Verica
Published: November 2021

The article deals with the intersection of law and medicine, especially in the time of the Corona-crisis. It analyses restrictions of human/fundamental rights in the time of the Corona-crisis at the EU level. Conditions for restrictions of fundamental rights are provided by Article 52(1) of the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights. The case-law of the Court of Justice of the EU concerning the restrictions of fundamental rights in connection with health protection is also analysed. The last part provides an overview of some decisions of constitutional courts of EU Member States concerning the justifications of restrictions of fundamental rights during the Corona-crisis.
Legal Measures Undertaken by Public Authorities in Poland for Prevention and Combating COVID-19
Authors: Mełgieś Katarzyna
Published: November 2021

The state is a special purpose organization and the directions of its activities are determined by public tasks. One of them is to ensure an efficient health care system, also effective in emergency situations such as those caused by an infectious disease pandemic COVID-19. In particular, legal instruments are used to create it, selected by the rulers within the limits set by law, including the applicable international standards, at the discretion of local governing authorities. The whole system is completed with organizational, medical and finally financial solutions. However, it is due to the fact that public authorities move around in the public space, due to the legality of their operation, that the legal instruments used are of significant importance for the assessment of the effectiveness of the performance of tasks related to combating infectious diseases, and thus ensuring health safety.
Human Rights during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Hungary with Special Regard to the Right to Have Contact
Authors: Szeibert Orsolya
Published: November 2021

In Hungary, the government declared a state of danger in March 2020 as a consequence of the COVID-19 pandemic. The state of danger was lifted in June, but epidemological preparedness and state of medical crisis were declared by a government decree. In November 2020, the state of danger was declared for the second time, while epidemological preparedness was maintained. In February 2021, the state of danger was declared again. The list of the legal rules which changed and have been continuously changing because of the COVID-19 pandemic since March 2020 is extremly long and the new provision or the modifications have been heavily influencing the population's everyday life. The aim of this paper is to overview primarily the restrictions affecting human rights with special regard to the right to have contact as one of the patients' rights. Important issues of the parent-child contact affected by the COVID-19 pandemic is discussed, as well.