bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enzyme-like activity of nanomaterials
Authors: Tsekhmistrenko S. I. , Bityutskyy V. S. , Tsekhmistrenko O. S. , Polishchuk V. M. , Polishchuk S. A. , Ponomarenko N. V. , Melnychenko Y. O. , Spivak M. Y.
Published: November 2018

In modern conditions, nanomaterials, especially nanoparticles of metals and nonmetals, are increasingly used in various industries. Due to their unique properties, in particular, the ability of nanoparticles to exhibit an enzyme-like effect they are widely used in biology, medicine, biotechnology, the food industry and agriculture. Important advantages of nanoparticles are their size, which enables specific properties to be present: their large surface area, the ability to transfer molecules and the ability to protect them from degradation and release over a long time, the location of action and the specificity of interaction with biological structures. Nanoparticles play a special role in the processes of neutralizing the active forms of oxygen. It has been established that a number of nanoparticles, in particular, Fe, Mn, Zn, Ce, Si and Se oxides, have an enzyme-like activity mimicking that of some enzymes. By changing the degree of oxidation, these particles can regenerate and continuously catalyze the reaction of neutralizing superoxide anion radicals, thus fulfilling the function of SOD and being the first link in protecting tissues and cells from oxidative stress in physiological and pathological conditions. It is proved that nanoparticles Mn3O4, Fe3O4, Co3O4, CeO2, LaCoO3 and other elements can effectively dispose of hydrogen peroxide and other peroxides, showing catalase-like and peroxidase-like activity. Nanozymes are characterized that exhibit the activity of oxidases, peroxidases and phosphatase. The prospect of using mimetics for complex in vitro analyzes of high-sensitivity biomarker disease detection is shown. The possibility of effective multi-use of nanoparticles as antioxidants is indicated. There are good prospects for further research on properties and the use of polyfunctional particles that are easily synthesized, reliable and inexpensive. More work is needed to determine the interaction of enzymomimetics with biological molecules such as proteins, carbohydrates and lipids, and also to take into account the peculiarities of their metabolism, clearance, degradation, biocompatibility and side effects, since individual nanoparticles have the potential to be deposited in separate organs.
That Again: A Multivariate Analysis of the Factors Conditioning Syntactic Explicitness in Translated English
Authors: Kruger Haidee
Published: November 2018

This article aims to disentangle three explanations that have been proposed for the increased explicitness of translated English, as reflected in the more frequent use of the complementiser that in translated English texts compared to non-translated English texts. These three explanations are designated as the cognitive complexity (or processing strain) hypothesis, the pragmatic risk-aversion hypothesis and the source-language transfer hypothesis. Four comparable register-controlled corpora are used for the analysis: a corpus of English translated from Afrikaans, a corpus of written Afrikaans, and corpora of written British and native South African English. A multivariate analysis of the factors conditioning complementiser omission across the four corpora is used to test the three hypotheses proposed. The transfer hypothesis is tested by investigating whether the translation corpus demonstrates overall omission preferences that are more similar to the omission preferences of Afrikaans than of English. The cognitive complexity hypothesis is tested by investigating whether translated English is more sensitive to the complexity-related factors that are known to condition omission than non-translated English. The risk-aversion hypothesis is tested by investigating whether translations opt for the communicatively and normatively “safer” choice of including the complementiser in contexts where non-translated writing would typically omit it, and therefore demonstrate less sensitivity to register and frequency effects than non-translated English. The findings of the study provide strong evidence against the transfer hypothesis and find stronger support for the pragmatic risk-aversion hypothesis although the cognitive complexity hypothesis cannot be ruled out.
IMPLANTAÇÃO DO PILAR RUJU BOTUCATU NA UNESP PARA INTEGRAÇÃO AO SISTEMA GEODÉSICO BRASILEIRO
Authors: Rodrigues Vilmar Antonio , Cardoso Lincoln Gehring , Gomes Luciano Nardini
Published: November 2018

IMPLANTAÇÃO DO PILAR ruju BOTUCATU NA unesp PARA INTEGRAÇÃO AO SISTEMA GEODÉSICO BRASILEIRO  Vilmar Antonio Rodrigues1; Lincoln Gehring Cardoso2; Luciano Nardini Gomes21 Campus Experimental de Registro, Faculdade de Agronomia, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Registro, SP, vilmar@goeproj.unesp.br2 Departamento de Engenharia Rural, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, SP.  1 RESUMO             O objetivo deste trabalho foi implantar um pilar geodésico no Campus Universitário de Botucatu – SP (Rubião Júnior) da Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), utilizando estações ativas da Rede Brasileira de Monitoramento Contínuo (RBMC) como referência, visando adensamento do Sistema Geodésico Brasileiro (SGB). No planejamento do rastreio, alguns aspectos de otimização do pilar foram considerados: no levantamento de campo, utilizou-se para rastrear o vértice, o equipamento Receptor GPS Topcon Hiper GGD e a rede RBMC e, no processamento dos dados, o software Topcon Tools versão 6.04 realizou a solução da ambigüidade, bem como o tratamento das injunções durante o ajustamento do pilar. Os resultados obtidos permitiram a implantação de um pilar com acurácia melhor que 1 ppm, compatível com a rede RBMC, atendendo assim às especificações do IBGE. PALAVRAS CHAVE: geodésia, geoprocessamento, GPS.  RODRIGUES, V. A.; CARDOSO, L. G.; GOMES, L. N. IMPLANTATION OF BOTUCATU RUJU PILLAR AT UNESP FOR INTEGRATION IN THE BRAZILIAN GEODESIC SYSTEM  2 ABSTRACT             The objective of this work was to implant a geodesic pillar in the campus of Botucatu (Rubião Júnior) of the São Paulo State University (UNESP), using active stations of the Brazilian Net of Continuous Monitoring (RBMC) as reference, aiming at inclusion in the Brazilian Geodesic System (BGS). In the planning of the trace, some aspects of the pillar optimization were considered: the field evaluation,  the equipment Receiver GPS Topcon Hiper GGD and the net RBMC were used to trace the height,  and the Topcon Tools 6.04 version software was use for the data processing, the ambiguity solution, as well as the treatment of injunctions during the column adjustment. The obtained results allowed the implantation of  a more accurate pillar then 1ppm compatible to the  RBMC net, meeting the specification of IBGE. KEY WORDS: geodesy, geoprocessing, GPS.
COMPARAÇÃO ENTRE TRÊS MÉTODOS PARA ESTIMAR LÂMINAS DE IRRIGAÇÃO
Authors: Fernandes Edemo João
Published: November 2018

COMPARAÇÃO ENTRE TRÊS MÉTODOS PARA ESTIMAR LÂMINAS DE IRRIGAÇÃO  Edemo João FernandesDepartamento de Engenharia Rural, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Jaboticabal, SP, ejfernan@fcav.unesp.br  1        RESUMO Para comparação entre três métodos de estimativas de laminas de água para irrigação, um experimento foi instalado na área demonstrativa e experimental de irrigação (ADEI), contendo quatro tratamentos: ETc (T1) - irrigação baseada em estimativa da evapotranspiração da cultura (ETc); Tensiometria (T2 e T3) - a irrigação foi efetuada em função das leituras dos dados de tensiômetros instalados a 40 cm de profundidade e Testemunha (T4) ‑ irrigado somente para promover a emergência das plântulas. Os métodos do tanque classe A e esgotamento de água no solo (EAS) mostraram bons resultados quando se pretende irrigar a cultura sem restrição hídrica. O método de Katerji é interessante quando se deseja economia de água. A freqüência de irrigação foi mais importante para a maior produtividade do que a quantidade de água aplicada na cultura. UNITERMOS: tanque classe A, método Katerji, esgotamento de água no solo, tensiômetro.  FERNANDES, E.J. COMPARISION AMONG THREE METHODS TO ESTIMATE IRRIGATION WATER REQUIREMENT  2 ABSTRACT An experiment with four treatments was carried out on the experimental area of ADEI to compare three methods of water use requirement: ETc (T1) - irrigation based on crop evapotranspiration (ETc); Tensiometers (T2 and T3) – irrigations were made through reading of tensiometers installed at 40 cm deep and, Control (T4) – only one irrigation to promote the seedlings emergence. Both Class A pan and soil water depletion methods presented good results when the crop was developed without restraint of water. The Katerji method can be utilized in conditions of water restriction. Irrigation frequency was more important than amount of applied water for higher yield. KEY WORDS: class A pan, Katerji method, water depletion, tensiometer.
AVALIAÇÃO DE DANOS QUÍMICOS EM MEMBRANAS DE COMPENSAÇÃO DE GOTEJADORES, CAUSADO PELA APLICAÇÃO DINÂMICA DE DOSE EXTREMA DE CLORO LIVRE (Parte I)
Authors: Teixeira Marconi Batista , Coelho Rubens Duarte , Melo Ralini Ferreira de
Published: November 2018

AVALIAÇÃO DE DANOS QUÍMICOS EM MEMBRANAS DE COMPENSAÇÃO DE GOTEJADORES, CAUSADO PELA APLICAÇÃO DINÂMICA DE DOSE EXTREMA DE CLORO LIVRE (Parte I)  Marconi Batista Teixeira; Rubens Duarte Coelho; Ralini Ferreira de MéloDepartamento de Engenharia Rural, Área: Irrigação e Drenagem, Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz, Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, marconi@esalq.usp.br  1 RESUMO Com o propósito de avaliar a susceptibilidade de membranas de compensação de pressão de 14 modelos de gotejadores autocompensantes ao processo de dano químico, causado pela aplicação dinâmica de 100 mg L-1 de cloro livre, foi conduzido um experimento no Laboratório de Irrigação do Departamento de Engenharia Rural da Escola Superior de Agricultura “Luiz de Queiroz” – ESALQ/USP. Semanalmente foi feita a coleta de água utilizando o método gravimétrico por um período de dez min para todos os emissores presentes na linha gotejadora de cada um dos modelos estudados. Ocorreu um decréscimo de 10 a 20% em média da vazão (L h-1) para a maior parte dos emissores, com exceção do modelo E que apresentou aproximadamente 90% de redução de vazão (13% de aumento de volume da membrana) com 2688 h de funcionamento e redução drástica de vazão na ordem de 100% em virtude do bloqueio total do orifício para o emissor I, em decorrência do aumento de 112% do volume da membrana após 2688 h de aplicação dinâmica de 100 mg L-1 de cloro livre com pH na faixa de5,5 a 6,0. UNITERMOS: cloração, elastômero, entupimento de emissores.  TEIXEIRA , M. B.; COELHO, R. D.; MÉLO, R. F. de. EVALUATION OF CHEMICAL DAMAGES ON SELF-COMPENSATING DRIPPER MEMBRANE, CAUSED BY DYNAMIC APPLICATION OF EXTREME DOSE OF FREE CHLORINE (PART I)  2 ABSTRACT In order to evaluate the chemical resistance of 14 compensating emitters to the dynamic application of 100 mg L-1 of free chlorine, an experiment was carried out under laboratory conditions at the University of São Paulo, Brazil. Emitter flow was weekly evaluated using the gravimetric method. Later on, it was calculated: average flow rate (qm), and percentage of emitters according to flow rate reduction. An average reduction from 10 to 20% of the flow rate (L h-1) for most of the emitters was observed, except for the model “E” that presented approximately 90% of flow rate reduction (13% of increase of volume of the membrane) in 2688 h of operation and drastic reduction of flow rate of 100% (total clogging) for emitter model “I” , due to the increase of 112% membrane volume after 2688 h of dynamic application of 100 mg L-1 of chlorine free with pH 5.5 to 6.0.KEY WORDS: chlorination, elastomer, emitter clogging.
DETERMINAÇÃO DO ÍNDICE DE DISPONIBILIDADE HÍDRICA PARA CASCAVEL, PR
Authors: Schneider Deborah Sandra Leal Guimarães , Vilas Boas Marcio Antono , Uribe-Opazo Miguel Angel , Macedo Júnior Eurides Kuster
Published: November 2018

DETERMINAÇÃO DO ÍNDICE DE DISPONIBILIDADE HÍDRICA PARA CASCAVEL, PR  Deborah Sandra Leal Guimarães Schneider; Márcio Antonio Vilas Boas; Miguel Angel Uribe-Opazo; EuridesKüster Macedo JuniorCentro de Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas, Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, Cascavel, PR, deborahschneider@uol.com.br  1 RESUMO Os objetivos deste trabalho foram determinar e analisar o Índice de Disponibilidade de Umidade (IDU) proposto por Hargreaves e Merkley. Para essas determinações, a evapotranspiração potencial foi estimada pelos métodos de Camargo, Thornthwaite e Hargreaves-Samani. Utilizou-se uma série pluvial, na cidade de Cascavel, PR referente ao período de 01-01-1973 a31-12-2001. Os Índices de Disponibilidade de Umidade mostraram a existência de excedente hídrico na maioria dos meses, quando determinado em função da evapotranspiração pelos métodos de Thornthwaite e Camargo, e déficit pelo método de Hargreaves-Samani. O IDU determinado na forma decêndial apresentou déficit hídrico em agosto para os três métodos de evapotranspiração. Ressalta-se, entretanto, que o IDU usando-se o método de Hargreaves-Samani, mostrou déficits hídricos nos meses de abril, julho, setembro e novembro. UNITERMOS: Evapotranspiração potencial, índice hídrico, e precipitação pluvial.  SCHNEIDER, D. S. L. G.; BOAS, M. A. V.; URIBE-OPAZO, M. A.; MACEDO JUNIOR.; E. DETERMINATION OF HUMIDITY AVAILABILITY INDEX FOR THE REGION OF CASCAVEL IN THE STATE OF PARANÁ  2 ABSTRACT The objective of this paper was to determine and analyze Humidity Availability Index (HAI) proposed by Hargreaves and Merkley. For these determinations, potential evapotranspiration was estimated by Camargo, Thornthwaite, and Hargreaves-Samani methods. A pluvial series was used in the city ofCascavel, PR,Brazil, measured from 01-01-1973 to 12-31-2001. HAIs showed the existence of excessive hydric volume in almost all months when determined in favor of evapotranspiration using Thornthwaite and Camargos’s methods, and a deficit using Hargreaves-Samani’s method. Determined descending HAI showed a hydric deficit in August for all three evapotranspiration methods. However, using Hargeaves-Samani method, HAI presented a hydric deficit in the months of April, June, September, and November. KEY WORDS: Evapotranspiration, Hydric Index, rainfall
WATER SALINITY USED FOR IRRIGATION IN THE MARINS STREAM WATERSHED, BRAZIL
Authors: Lucas Ariovaldo Antonio Tadeu , Folegatti Marcos Vinicius , Duarte Sérgio Nascimento , Lucas Simone Cristina de Oliveira
Published: November 2018

WATER SALINITY USED FOR IRRIGATION IN THE MARINS STREAM WATERSHED, BRAZIL  ARIOVALDO ANTONIO TADEU LUCAS1; MARCOS VINICIUS FOLEGATTI2; SÉRGIO NASCIMENTO DUARTE2 E SIMONE CRISTINA DE OLIVEIRA LUCAS3 1Professor Doutor, Departamento de Engenharia Agrícola, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, UFS, aatlucas@ufs.br2Professor Doutor, Departamento de Engenharia de Biossistemas, Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz, ESALQ, mvfolega@usp.br, snduarte@usp.br3Doutoranda em Biotecnologia de Recursos Naturais, Rede Nordeste de Biotecnologia, Núcleo Universidade Federal de Sergipe, UFS, scoliveira@yahoo.com     1 ABSTRACT Water quality is vital to human activities and irrigation is an activity that uses an accentuated volume of this natural resource. An alternative is the use of water with a salinity level that does not cause damage to plants and the environment. This study aimed to assess the salinity of water used for irrigation of vegetables in Ribeirão dos Marins watershed. The water electrical conductivity, Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR) and the Exchangeable Sodium Percentage were obtained using the AquaChem program. Water samples used were collected in 2005, and chemical and physical parameters were assessed. Results showed that region three presented risk to salinization, but overall it is possible to conclude that salinity of the water basin has low risk of salinity. Keywords: soil, water quality, vegetables  LUCAS, A.A.T.; FOLEGATTI, M.V.; DUARTE, S.N.; LUCAS, S.C. de O.SALINIDADE DA ÁGUA USADA PARA IRRIGAÇÃO NA BACIA HIDROGRÁFICA DO RIBEIRÃO DOS MARINS, BRASIL     2 RESUMO A qualidade da água é vital para as atividades humanas e a irrigação é uma atividade que utiliza um volume acentuado deste recurso natural. Uma alternativa é a utilização de águas salobras, mas com um nível de salinidade que não cause danos às plantas e ao ambiente. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a salinidade da água utilizada para irrigação de hortaliças na bacia do córrego Marins. A condutividade elétrica da água, a Razão de Adsorção de Sódio (RAS) e a porcentagem de sódio trocável foram obtidos usando o programa AquaChem. As amostras de água utilizadas foram coletadas em 2005, quando foram avaliados os parâmetros químicos e físicos. Os resultados mostraram que em apenas uma região existe risco de salinização; mas no geral, é possível concluir que a salinidade da água da bacia é de baixo risco. Palavras-chave: solo, qualidade da água, hortaliças
HOBO data loggers v1
Authors: Martin Sophie
Published: November 2018

This protocol is intended to help you use HOBO data loggers and HOBOware software.
Commentaire / Commentary
Authors: REDMAN BARBARA K.
Published: November 2018

Commentaire / Commentary
Schizoanalysis and collaborative critical research
Authors: BIDDLE ERIKA
Published: November 2018

For researchers working within a critique of capitalism and its relation to knowledge production, it is problematic to use traditional research methodologies endemic to the very system being critiqued unless they are somehow altered. This article investigates the potential of schizoanalysis to provide conceptual tools for such an approach. Developed through the collaborative work of Deleuze and Guattari, schizoanalysis operates from the organic principle that knowledge is an indivisible part of the way we live in the world. However, schizoanalysis is not a research methodology; it inserts itself into research methodologies, warpsthem, and reproduces itself through them.
Éditorial / Editorial
Authors: MARTIN PATRICK , PHAM PHI-PHUONG
Published: November 2018

Éditorial / Editorial
Critique du livre « Philosophy of Nursing : 5 Questions »
Authors: PARISEAU-LEGAULT PIERRE
Published: November 2018

Commentaire / Commentary
La honte en clinique psychiatrique
Authors: LEPORE RAPHAEL , MANGHI RITA , ZULLINO DANIELE
Published: November 2018

Commentaire / Commentary
RELIGIUSITAS MASYARAKAT ADAT KAMPUNG DUKUH KABUPATEN GARUT JAWA BARAT
Authors: Effendi M. Rahmat , Setiadi Edi , HMZ Nandang
Published: November 2018

This paper aims to examine: (1) religious expressions, (2) religious patterns, and (3) religious values’ conservation in addressing to the challenges of modernization of an indigenous communities at Kampung (Village) Dukuh through the symbols of their lives. Due to religion as a cultural system has become a symbolic system that offers a way to perceive the world. Religion as a “mode of is for reality” provides a “framework” to see the reality, religion also provides a “system of meaning” for their followers which is socially constructed. The indigenous community of Kampung Dukuh tends to make “religion” as their “ultimate concern”. They believe that religion has become their fundamental philosophy for their lives. Most of their activities are according to the religious values. AbstrakTulisan ini bertujuan ingin mengkaji tentang: (1) Ekspresi keberagamaan, (2) Pola keberagamaan, dan (3) Konservasi nilai-nilai agama dalam menghadapi tantangan modernisasi pada masyarakat adat Kampung Dukuh melalui simbol-simbol dalam kehidupan mereka. Karena agama sebagai sistem budaya merupakan sistem simbolik yang menawarkan cara untuk mempersepsi dunia. Agama sebagai ”mode is for reality” memberikan ”framework” untuk melihat realilas, agama menyediakan ”system of meaning” bagi penganutnya yang diproduksi secara sosial. Masyarakat adat Kampung Dukuh cenderung menjadikan “agama” sebagai “the ultimate concern”. Mereka menjadikan agama sebagai filosofi mendasar dalam kehidupan mereka. Hampir seluruh aktifitas dalam kehidupan mereka didasarkan pada nilai-nilai agama.
Perceived Quality and Relationship Quality as Antecedents and Predictors of Loyalty in the Chemical Industry: A Literature Review
Authors: Samudro Andreas , Sumarwan Ujang , Yusuf Eva Z. , Simanjuntak Megawati
Published: November 2018

Several kinds of research in the past examined relationship quality as antecedents in B2B industries. The literature review extends a prior study by linking perceived quality with relationship quality as antecedents and predictors of customer loyalty. This study is a review of customer loyalty antecedents with the chemical industry as a content object. Perceived quality has two dimensions of tangible product and service. Referring to past research, there is no single universal relationship quality framework. This literature study refers to the relationship quality framework with a content of trust, satisfaction, and commitment. The authors investigate the relationship between perceived quality with trust and satisfaction, trust with commitment, commitment with loyalty, and satisfaction with loyalty. Every construct describes the definition and connection among constructs. Some chemicals industries are put as object examples to explain constructs in industry practice. This literature review finds a developed framework with relevant constructs that influence loyalty in the B2B context. By understanding the framework and connection among constructs, firms can develop a relationship program purposely to achieve customer loyalty.
Predictors and Risk Factors of Armed Robbery Victimisation in Nigeria: An Integrated Theoretical Perspective
Authors: Reuben Etuk, Grace , Nnam Macpherson U.
Published: November 2018

The rapidly increasing rate of armed robbery victimisation in Nigeria necessitated the integration of five relevant victimological and sociological/criminological theories in this paper to provide a detailed account of the causal processes and conditions that predict this offending behaviour. The paper is essentially theoretical, relying mainly on library research and review of relevant literature to obtain necessary data and information. It was found that armed robbery, as a social problem, is caused by many factors and the associated risk factors are countless and destructive. Issues raised suggest a policy direction that will ensure a timely and objective incorporation of the global best practices—as enshrined in the Victims’ Bill of Right (VBR), among others, into the Nigerian legal system, so as to effectively combat armed robbery victimisation and related offences. The official introduction of victim impact statements, victim-offender reconciliation, crisis interventions and restorative justice into the Nigerian criminal justice system is also advocated for. Additionally, it is suggested that social service agencies and/or providers should extend their caring services beyond victims of disaster/disease and terrorism to include armed robbery victims, given the alarming nature and extent of this phenomenon in the country.
The Role of Sport Programs in Peace Building. Anthropological Study at El-Zhour Club in Cairo
Authors: Mostafa Samah Ahmed Faried
Published: November 2018

In Egypt, after leading change in the 2011 revolution, and being the majority of the Egyptian population, young Egyptians became the focus of much attention in the political and media speech. Sport for peace building has become an acknowledged policy in underprivileged communities both in the developing and developed world. The study argues that sport for peace programs in Egypt hold the potential role not only to alter structural violence but also to prevent the violence in the form of extremism. This study aims to place the perception of the sport importance and its influence’ on youth manner especially towards peace building and conflict resolution. It is important to reveal youth’ perception and their recommendations about peace and conflict after participating in some sports program at the club. The purpose of this paper is to determine the current barriers faced by Egyptian sport federations in their policy to reduce the social conflict. The data set is made up of youth and expert interviews, coaches and supplemented by ethnographic records about youth sport programs collected by the author through observation and scale. The methodology of the study is based on both the descriptive analytical method and a Likert Scale measurement. The results discovered the need of extra definitions and applications from the religious, art and cultural program beside the sports program to achieve the peace building. They suggested extra programs which may develop their character such as the development of cultural and social awareness.
Lixiviats Issus De La Decharge Publique De La Ville De Meknes : Caracterisation Et Impact Sur Les Eaux De L’oued Boufekrane
Authors: Hicham Lekehal , Aziz Bouchelta , Brahim Benzougagh , Roukia Boukhari Taleb
Published: November 2018

Leachate from the public landfill of the city of Meknes is considered as a source of significant pollution of the waters of the Boufekrane wadi and agricultural land bordering the landfill. The objective of this study is the characterization of the physicochemical parameters of the leachates as well as the determination of the degree of pollution of the local superficial waters in order to propose adequate techno-economic solutions to remedy this problem. The results obtained following the characterization of the leachates showed that they represent a very important salinity (electrical conductivity: 30805μs / cm) with a strong organic and mineral pollutant load (BOD5: 598mg / l, COD: 3346mg / l and Chlorides: 5144mg / l) .Water quality monitoring in Boufekrane Oued has shown that the qualities are poor and that the contents of the majority of the parameters analyzed are well above the limit values for direct discharges into the receiving environment (EC: 9642μs / cm, COD: 910mg / l, BOD5: 320mg / l, dissolved oxygen: 7.2mg / l, Chlorides: 4470mg / l, Sulphates: 435mg / l). The principal component analysis confirmed that the results obtained are very consistent and consistent with the descriptive analysis.
The Paradox of Nicolae Ceausescu’s Foreign Policy and Several Reasons for the Deterioration of the International Image of His Regime
Authors: Gorun Hadrian , Branescu Lucretia-Ileana
Published: November 2018

This short article attempts to find and highlight the most important reasons that determined the deterioration of the international imagine of the communist regime from Nicolae Ceausescu’s Romania. Although after 1968, - the year when the Romanian leader publicly condemned Czechoslovakia’s invasion by the Red Army- Romania’s image in the Western countries was very good, during the 80s the whole capital of sympathy completely disappeared. Nicolae Ceausescu’s anti-Soviet foreign policy made him a socalled “spoiled child” of the West. In 1989, the Romanian dictator remained the only Stalinist leader from European countries, paradoxically an anti-Soviet Stalinist leader. In our opinion there were three very important events that determined the irreversible degradation of the regime’s image abroad: Helsinki Final Act in 1975; General Ion Mihai Pacepa’s (vice-leader of Foreign Information Department of Romanian Intelligence) run to the USA and last but not the least, Mikhail Gorbachev’s election as general secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. (CPSU) We started from the hypothesis that these three moments were somehow decisive for Ceausescu’s decline in the eyes of his own people and mainly in international relations. From methodological point of view we tried to explain briefly how and in what measure the three mentioned events and their consequences changed maybe irreversibly the image of Romanian dictator mainly abroad. We tried also to make a short comparison between Ceausescu’s situation in 1968 and his position in the 1980’s. We could conclude that evolution of the events confirmed that one of the most important blows for Romanian dictator was Gorbachev’s election. However we do not need to overrate this aspect. The international and regional context at the end of 1980’s was decisive. The end of the Cold War and refolutions from Central and Eastern Europe made impossible the survival of the last Stalinist regime.
Potentiel Physique et Auto-évaluation Corporelle Chez des Jeunes Étudiants à Abidjan
Authors: Jonathan Yrobo Yoro , Jérôme Kouadio Kouakou , Firmin Kouassi Kouakou , Jean-Bertin Beugré
Published: November 2018

The body of the young man seems to be characterized by a specific plasticity. This chrono-individual body modification oftentimes leads the young person to evaluate his own body according to body acquisitions. The relationship between these two variables is far from being sufficiently studied. This paper focuses on examining the self-evaluation of the body according to the physical potential. It covers 181 young people between the ages of 18 and 25, including 84 boys and 97 girls. Body self-judgment of the subjects was measured with a specific scale. In this case, it was measured by the study of Lentillon-Kaestner et al. The physical potential of young people was explored by considering weight, height, Body Mass Index (BMI) and Fat Mass Index (FMI) of the latter. The physical parameters were measured using the scales (weight) and the height gauge (stature). As for the body composition indices, they were calculated from the physical parameters previously indicated. The results obtained, after the comparisons of the subjects with each other, show that young people aged 18-21 years of physical threshold potential exhibit statistically high body self-acceptance frequency to that of their subthreshold potential counterparts and suprathreshold physical potential. Similar results were observed in young people between 22 and 25 years of age. In this group, those with a threshold of physical potential were more acceptable compared to their peers of subthreshold physical potential and supraliminal physical potential. Taking into account sex, girls aged 18 to 21 with a threshold physical potential do not differ from their peers with subthreshold physical potential and suprathreshold physical potential in terms of low body self-acceptance. The results are identical for men aged 18 to 21 and 22 to 25. The meaning of the results does not change when comparing girls with subthreshold physical potential to boys of identical physical potential.The observations made at the latter were repeated when comparing girls to boys of physical threshold potential. In girls aged 22 to 25, girls with subthreshold physical potential and suprathreshold or threshold were superimposed on their male counterparts of subthreshold physical potential and suprathreshold or threshold. This, however, is in regards to the frequency of body self-acceptance. In this sense, the physical potential of the young would not influence the bodily self-evaluation of the latter when the sex intervenes. On the other hand, considering all young people, their physical density varies based on their body self-evaluation.
Elaboración Sostenible de Harina de Chile Jalapeño (Capsicum annuum L.) Mediante Secado Solar Tecnificado
Authors: Pech-González Gustavo Antonio , Ceballos-Falcón Érika Guadalupe , González-Cortés Nicolás , Jiménez-Vera Román
Published: November 2018

Jalapeño pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) is a crop in protected natural areas of Tabasco, Mexico. Solar drying is a non-polluting energy that is applicable to food processing. This paper focuses on comparing the microbiological quality of dehydrated jalapeño peppers by means of three methods: direct solar (SD), electric stove (EE), and experimental solar dryer (SSE). SD drying was carried out in zinc sheet by conduction. The drying in EE was at a temperature of 70°C and the SSE has an internal temperature of 43 ° C ± 2 ° C. The dehydrated chiles were crushed in artisanal equipment, and the flour was stored in tightly closed glass containers at room temperature (22-28 ° C). The drying time was lower in the EE (7 h), followed by the SSE (8 h) and the SD (18 h). With EE, the lowest microbial load was obtained and with SD, the highest was obtained. The flour obtained with the SSE presented a concentration of microorganisms within the Mexican norms: total coliforms (25 CFU / g), Staphylococcus aureus (62 CFU / g), and aerobic mesophiles (57 CFU / g). Although the drying time and the microbial load were lower with the EE, the SSE allowed the elaboration of jalapeño pepper flour with the microbiological quality required for human consumption. Technified solar drying is a sustainable alternative for the dehydration of foods in tropical countries.
Oil and Gas Well Brines for Dust Control on Unpaved Roads - Part 2: Environmental and Health Impacts
Authors: Payne Bryce F.
Published: November 2018

Natural gas and oil drilling have expanded rapidly in the U.S in recent years. The volume of various associated waste products has been increasing. One such waste product is the typically saline water produced from the wells along with the hydrocarbons. A variety of methods are currently being employed to dispose of this oil and gas well brine (OGB). One such practice is spreading OGB on unpaved roads for dust control and road stabilization. This investigation focused on the likely effectiveness and anticipatable risks of spreading OGB on unpaved roads. Despite decades of regulated use of OGB for dust control, there appears to be a complete lack of data indicating the practice is effective. Analysis of regulations, related literature, and original data indicated, as previously presented in Part 1 (Payne, 2018), that spreading OGB on unpaved roads is ineffective and likely counterproductive for dust control and road stabilization, and presents numerous potential and immediate environmental and health risks as discussed in this Part 2.
Consuming Fat Supplemented Diet with Different Vegetable Oils Impacts the Serum Lipid Profiles and Body Weights of Male Rats
Authors: El Bishbishy Mahitab H. , Aborehab Nora M.
Published: November 2018

This research was conducted in order to evaluate the influence of consuming diet supplemented with different types of fixed oils (Olive oil, Soybean oil and Coconut oil) on the lipid profiles and body weights of healthy albino rats and linking these effects to their chemical compositions thus reaching out to recommendation about the healthiest type of fats among the studied oils to be used in healthy nutrition programs. The lipid contents of the fixed oils were determined by Gas Chromatography (GC) method, the vitamin contents were determined by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and the proximate analyses of the oils were also evaluated by different assays. Twenty-four healthy male albino rats were divided into four groups as follows: Olive oil supplemented diet, Soybean oil supplemented diet, Coconut oil supplemented diet and oil-free supplemented diet control group. The dieting continued for 28 days, at the end of which, the serum levels of total cholesterol, Low Density Lipoproteins (LDL), High Density Lipoproteins (HDL), Triglycerides (TG) and Free Fatty Acid (FFA) were measured spectrophotometrically and the rats body weights were monitored on daily basis. The results showed that olive oil, the richest studied oil in unsaturated fatty acids (84.16 %), had favorable effect on the rats’ lipid profiles, serum free fatty acid levels and rats body weights. In conclusion, olive oil supplemented diets are considered healthy diets and beneficial to decrease the risk of cardiovascular diseases.
Implications of Outbound Medical Tourism on Public Health Care Development in Nigeria
Authors: Orekoya Ibrahim Oluwapelumi , Oduyoye Omobola Oyebola
Published: November 2018

Medical tourism is the practice of patients travelling out of their country of origin or residence for the purpose of getting access to medical care services abroad. Outbound medical tourism is a phenomenon in Nigeria thereby contributing to the growth of the health care industry in destination countries. The paper examines the implications of outbound medical tourism on public health care development in Nigeria and reinforces the need for the Federal Government of Nigeria to restructure and reposition the health sector in the country towards effective and efficient health service delivery. The study employs secondary source of data. Public administrators and health care practitioners concerned about transforming Nigeria into a centre of medical tourist attraction may find it suitable to start by examining the issues raised in this study to initiate a good policy framework for the health sector. The study concludes that huge investment in the health sector can drastically reduce outbound medical tourism, make health care services affordable to all Nigerians and utilising foreign exchange to develop other relevant sectors of the Nigerian economy.
A sistemática brasileira de segurança da atividade financeira no ciberespaço e a atual (in)aplicabilidade às initial coin offerings (ICOs) e aos seus ativos virtuais
Authors: SILVA Susi Castro , MONTEIRO Vitor Borges
Published: November 2018

Novas tecnologias no âmbito da economia digital, tais como a initial coin offering (ICO) e os seus ativos virtuais, os tokens e as criptomoedas, quando associadas a softwares que proporcionam anonimato em torno de suas transações, potencializam os riscos de criminalidade virtual, lavagem de dinheiro, financiamento ao terrorismo e até mesmo ciberataques ao sistema financeiro estatal. Tais riscos cibernéticos têm demandado dos governos o desenvolvimento de sistemas de segurança da atividade financeira no ciberespaço, envolvendo mecanismos de ciberdefesa, órgãos de fiscalização, bem como aparatos normativos para regular, prevenir e reprimir ciberataques. Tendo em vista esse panorama, esta pesquisa visou descrever a sistemática brasileira de segurança da atividade financeira no ciberespaço, analisando-a frente ao fenômeno da initial coin offering (ICO) e seus ativos virtuais, chegando-se à conclusão de que o atual sistema é inaplicável a tal fenômeno.
Los Aqueménidas y la danza pérsica: entre religión y espectáculo = The Achaemenid dynasty and the Persian dance: between religion and spectacle
Authors: Campos Méndez Israel
Published: November 2018

Resumen: Los autores griegos nos informan de la existencia de un tipo de baile conocido como “danza pérsica”. En este artículo analizaremos cuál es el contexto en que pudo surgir. Además, se buscará el posible significado que pudo tener como manifestación de un tipo específico de espectáculo, con unos componentes religiosos que pueden vincularse con el dios Mitra.Abstract: Greek authors inform us about the existence of a type of dance known as “Persian dance”. In this paper, we will examine which was the context of its apparition. We will search too, which was its possible meaning as a manifestation of a specific type of spectacle, with religious components related to the god Mithra.Palabras clave: Mitra, Persia, danza, espectáculo.Key words: Mithra, Persia, dance, spectacle.
Nerón, auriga solar = Nero, solar auriga
Authors: San Vicente González de Aspuru Jose Ignacio
Published: November 2018

Resumen: Se analiza la trayectoria de Nerón como auriga. Esta actividad estaba mal considerada por relacionarse con ‘gente infame’, pero Nerón defendió su afición argumentando que la antigua tradición de la conducción de carros era propia de reyes y héroes. Su inclinación le venía de herencia familiar, ya que algunos Ahenobarbos habían practicado la conducción de carros. Nerón se preparó para este deporte y actuó en el circo como auriga. Lo hizo en un principio de manera privada, hasta que a partir del año 64 participó en espectáculos públicos. En su papel de conductor de carros de caballos terminó identificándose con Febo, el Sol, y se hizo representar en las monedas y esculturas con la corona radiada. Esta innovación tuvo éxito y el tocado solar permaneció en las imágenes monetales de los emperadores hasta el Bajo Imperio.Abstract: We analyze Nero´s trajectory as a charioteer. This activity was badly considered for being related to 'infamous people', but Nero defended his hobby by arguing that the ancient tradition of car driving was typical of kings and heroes. His interest came from family tradition, since some Ahenobarbi had practiced the driving of cars. Nero trained for this sport and performed in circus as a charioteer. At first he did it privately until 64 A.D., when he started to participate in public shows. In his role of horse carriages driver, he ended up identifying himself with Phoebus, the Sun, and was represented in coins and sculptures with the radiated crown. This innovation was successful and the headdress remained in monetary images of the emperors until the Late Empire.Palabras clave: Cuadriga, Apolo, Febo, Sol, Olimpia, Circo Máximo.Key words: Quadriga, Apollo, Phoebus, Sol, Olympia, Circus Maximus.
STUDI FAAL PARU DAN KEBIASAAN MEROKOK PADA PEKERJA YANG TERPAPAR DEBU PADA PERUSAHAAN KONSTRUKSI DI SURABAYA
Authors: Sholihah Mardliyatus , Tualeka Abdul Rohim
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACTDust exposure received by workers can affect workers’s pulmonary function and health condition affected by many factors. This observation conducted on construction. The purpose of this research was identify description about pulmonary function and smoking habit at construction workers. Researcher used cross sectional study. The sample of this research was total population of finishing workers as much as 18 workers who doing construction project in Surabaya . Measurement of dust concentration conducted on three poin, by source of the dust, where workers are working and the outmost point. Research used questionnaires, measurement and inspection. The result of pulmonary function showed that six workers had lung function disorder. Pulmonary function measurement at workers used FEV1 and FVC to be the parameter. The result of measurement on point A is 1.6865 mg/m3, on point B is 1.3227 mg/m3 and on point C is 1.0625 mg/m3. Many workers complained that they felt cough in the morning and suffered about eyes irritation. Based on the result of pulmonary function measurement, the conclution is 4 workers had light obstruction and 2 workers had light restriction. Based on measurement, the average of total dust in the project area is 1.3425 mg/m3. Lung function disorder caused by smoking habit. The workers could stop smoking habit and reduce amount.Keywords: pulmonary function, dust, smoking, construction
HUBUNGAN FAKTOR PEMBENTUK PERILAKU DENGAN KEPATUHAN PENGGUNAAN ALAT PELINDUNG TELINGA PADA TENAGA KERJA DI PLTD AMPENAN
Authors: Candra Ahmad
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACTSafe behaviour in company could prevent Noise Induce Hearing Loss. Safe behaviour that could prevent hearing loss is  the compliance of wearing ear protector. It could be shaped by using the activator-behaviour-consequence (ABC) method that can be influenced by forming behaviour factors (knowledge, training, and supervision and positive reinforcement). The aim of this research was to analyze the association between forming behaviour factors with the compliance of wearing ear protector. This was an observational analytic study with cross sectional approach with 18 workers in maintenance section of PLTD Ampenan as sample. Data were collected through questionnaire, interview, and observation. Data were analyzed used pearson chi-square and fisher exact test to obtain the association between variables. The results showed that most of the workers (72.2%) in maintenance section of PLTD Ampenan had the compliance of wearing ear protector. There were significant correlation between knowledge, training, supervision, and positive reinforcement with the compliance of wearing ear protector. Supervision has a very strong correlation (coefficent 1,000). The more workers feel himself under supervision, the better their behaviour will be. It is recommended that the company can perform all forming behaviour factors especially improve the supervision method in order to make all workers have the compliance of wearing ear protector.Keywords: forming behaviour factor, safe behaviour, ABC method
GAMBARAN TINGKAT STRESS KERJA ANTAR SHIFT KERJA PADA PETUGAS PENGUMPUL TOL SURABAYA
Authors: Zahra Ayyuda Asyraf , Hidayat Sho'im
Published: November 2018

PT. (X), Surabaya is one of company that manages toll road or highway that implement the shift system of work. Shift work has the potential for job stress and other health problems. The purpose of this research was to identify descriptive the level of job stress between shift work at the toll collector in PT. (X), Surabaya. This research was an observational analytic study with cross sectional approach. 36 toll collector who work when the morning shift, afternoon, and evening at the toll gate x, toll gate y and toll gate z were chosen as sample by using Proportional Random Sampling method. The results showed when the shift I (morning) there were 15 respondents (41.7%) suffered mild job stress and 21 respondents (58.3%) suffered moderate job stress. At the shift II (evening) there were 12 respondents (33.3%) suffered mild stress of work and 24 respondents (66.7%) suffered moderate job stress, while at the shift III (evening) were 9 respondents (25%) suffered light work stress and 27 respondents (75%) suffered moderate job stress. Based on the research results, it can be concluded the level of job stress between of shift work on the toll collectors suffered mild and moderate stress. The greatest frequency of respondents suffered moderate job stress. Recommendation for the company is review the system of career development and maintaining training activities, while for workers is use the time to rest and regular exercise.Keywords: job stress, shift work, toll collector
GAMBARAN KELELAHAN DAN KELUHAN MUSKULOSKELETAL PADA PENGEMUDI BUS MALAM JARAK JAUH PO. RESTU MULYA
Authors: Fahmi Rahmadi
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACTLong trip night bus drivers is a very highly risk of fatigue and musculoskeletal disorder. The aim of this research was to learn and acknowledging the level of fatigue and musculoskeletal disorder in PO. (Perusahaan Otobus) Restu Mulya long trip night bus drivers. This is an observational descriptive research with cross sectional study design. The research’s variable is the level of fatigue and musculoskeletal disorder that obtained from primary data using SSRT (Subjective Self Rating Test) questionnaire and NBM (Nordic Body Map) questionnaire. The result shows that 58.33% long trip night bus drivers was felt a moderate level of fatigue and 41.67% long trip night bus drivers felt a severe level of  fatigue. Most of long trip night bus drivers which number 75% drivers felt almost-sick of musculoskeletal disorder with the buttock, back, neck, and leg symptom point. The fatigue in PO. Restu Mulya long trip night bus drivers was a moderate and severe level with a lower activity and physicly fatigue symptom. The fatigue can be possibly caused by high physical work burden and psycologycal work burden which is a big responsibilities for the passengers safety. Then a low level of musculoskeletal disorders with the buttock, back, neck, and leg symptom point that possibly caused by monotony sit work posture on a very long time.Keywords: long trip night bus drivers, fatigue, musculoskeletal disorder