bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Inter-comparison of atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) height estimates from different profiling sensors and models in the framework of HyMeX-SOP1
Authors: Summa Donato , Madonna Fabio , Franco Noemi , De Rosa Benedetto , Di Girolamo Paolo
Published: July 2022

Abstract. This paper reports results from an inter-comparison effort involving different sensors and models used to measure the atmospheric boundary layer height (ABLH). The effort took place in the framework of the first Special Observing Period of the Hydrological Cycle in the Mediterranean Experiment (HyMeX-SOP1), with the Raman lidar system BASIL deployed in Candillargues (southern France) and operating in almost continuous mode over the time period September–November 2012. ABLH estimates were obtained based on the application of the Richardson number technique to
Raman lidar and radiosonde measurements and to ECMWF-ERA5 reanalysis data.
In the effort we considered radiosondes launched in the proximity of the
lidar site, as well as radiosondes launched from the closest radiosonde
station included in the Integrated Global Radiosonde Archive (IGRA). The
inter-comparison effort also includes ABLH measurements from the wind
profiler, which rely on the turbulence method, as well as measurements
obtained from elastic backscatter lidar signals. The Richardson number
approach applied to the on-site radiosonde data is taken as reference.
Measurements were carried out throughout the month of October 2012. The
inter-comparison is extended to both daytime and night-time data. Results
reveal a very good agreement between the different approaches, with values
of the correlation coefficient R2 for all compared data pairs
in the range 0.94–0.98. Values of the slope of the fitting line in the
regression analysis are in the
range 0.91–1.08 for daytime comparisons and in the range 0.95–1.03 for
night-time comparisons, which testifies to the presence of the very small biases affecting all
five ABLH estimates with respect to the reference ABLH estimate, with
slightly smaller bias values found at night. Results also confirm that the
combined application of different methods to the sensors and model data allows us to get accurate and cross-validated estimates of the ABL height in a
variety of weather conditions. Correlations between the ABLH measurements
and other atmospheric dynamic and thermodynamic variables, such as CAPE (convective available potential energy), friction velocity and relative humidity, are also evaluated to infer
possible mutual dependences.
Soil carbon loss in warmed subarctic grasslands is rapid and restricted to topsoil
Authors: Verbrigghe Niel , Leblans Niki I. W. , Sigurdsson Bjarni D. , Vicca Sara , Fang Chao , Fuchslueger Lucia , Soong Jennifer L. , Weedon James T. , Poeplau Christopher , Ariza-Carricondo Cristina , Bahn Michael , Guenet Bertrand , Gundersen Per , Gunnarsdóttir Gunnhildur E. , Kätterer Thomas , Liu Zhanfeng , Maljanen Marja , Marañón-Jiménez Sara , Meeran Kathiravan , Oddsdóttir Edda S. , Ostonen Ivika , Peñuelas Josep , Richter Andreas , Sardans Jordi , Sigurðsson Páll , Torn Margaret S. , Van Bodegom Peter M. , Verbruggen Erik , Walker Tom W. N. , Wallander Håkan , Janssens Ivan A.
Published: July 2022

Abstract. Global warming may lead to carbon transfers from soils to the atmosphere, yet this positive feedback to the climate system remains highly uncertain, especially in subsoils (Ilyina and Friedlingstein, 2016; Shi et al., 2018). Using natural geothermal soil warming gradients of up to +6.4 ∘C in subarctic grasslands (Sigurdsson et al., 2016), we show that soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks decline strongly and linearly with warming (−2.8 t ha−1 ∘C−1). Comparison of SOC stock changes following medium-term (5 and 10 years) and long-term (>50 years) warming revealed that all SOC stock reduction occurred within the first 5 years of warming, after which continued warming no longer reduced SOC stocks. This rapid equilibration of SOC observed in Andosol suggests a critical role for ecosystem adaptations to warming and could imply short-lived soil carbon–climate feedbacks. Our data further revealed that the soil C loss occurred in all aggregate size fractions and that SOC stock reduction was only visible in topsoil (0–10 cm). SOC stocks in subsoil (10–30 cm), where plant roots were absent, showed apparent conservation after >50 years of warming. The observed depth-dependent warming responses indicate that explicit vertical resolution is a prerequisite for global models to accurately project future SOC stocks for this soil type and should be investigated for soils with other mineralogies.
Controls on nitrite oxidation in the upper Southern Ocean: insights from winter kinetics experiments in the Indian sector
Authors: Mdutyana Mhlangabezi , Marshall Tanya , Sun Xin , Burger Jessica M. , Thomalla Sandy J. , Ward Bess B. , Fawcett Sarah E.
Published: July 2022

Abstract. Across the Southern Ocean in winter, nitrification is the dominant
mixed-layer nitrogen cycle process, with some of the nitrate produced
therefrom persisting to fuel productivity during the subsequent growing
season. Because this nitrate constitutes a regenerated rather than a new
nutrient source to phytoplankton, it will not support the net removal of
atmospheric CO2. To better understand the controls on Southern Ocean
nitrification, we conducted nitrite oxidation kinetics experiments in
surface waters across the western Indian sector in winter. While all
experiments (seven in total) yielded a Michaelis–Menten relationship with
substrate concentration, the nitrite oxidation rates only increased
substantially once the nitrite concentration exceeded 115±2.3 to
245±18 nM, suggesting that nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) require a
minimum (i.e., “threshold”) nitrite concentration to produce nitrate. The
half-saturation constant for nitrite oxidation ranged from 134±8 to
403±24 nM, indicating a relatively high affinity of Southern Ocean
NOB for nitrite, in contrast to results from culture experiments. Despite
the high affinity of NOB for nitrite, its concentration rarely declines
below 150 nM in the Southern Ocean's mixed layer, regardless of season. In
the upper mixed layer, we measured ammonium oxidation rates that were two-
to seven-fold higher than the coincident rates of nitrite oxidation,
indicating that nitrite oxidation is the rate-limiting step for
nitrification in the winter Southern Ocean. The decoupling of ammonium and
nitrite oxidation, combined with a possible nitrite concentration threshold
for NOB, may explain the non-zero nitrite that persists throughout the
Southern Ocean's mixed layer year-round. Additionally, nitrite oxidation may
be limited by dissolved iron, the availability of which is low across the
upper Southern Ocean. Our findings have implications for understanding the
controls on nitrification and ammonium and nitrite distributions, both in
the Southern Ocean and elsewhere.
Greenhouse gases modulate the strength of millennial-scale subtropical rainfall, consistent with future predictions
Authors: Guo Fei , Clemens Steven , Liu Yuming , Wang Ting , Fan Huimin , Liu Xingxing , Sun Youbin
Published: July 2022

Abstract. Millennial-scale East Asian monsoon variability is closely
associated with natural hazards through long-term variability in flood and
drought cycles. Therefore, exploring what drives the millennial-scale
variability is of significant importance for future prediction of extreme
climates. Here we present a new East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) rainfall
reconstruction from the northwest Chinese Loess Plateau (CLP) spanning the
past 650 kyr. The magnitude of millennial-scale variability (MMV) in EASM
rainfall is linked to ice volume and greenhouse gas (GHG) at the 100 kyr
eccentricity band and to GHG and summer insolation at the precession band.
At the glacial–interglacial timescale, gradual changes in CO2 during
intermediate glaciations lead to increased variability in North Atlantic
stratification and Atlantic meridional overturning circulation, propagating
abrupt climate changes into East Asia via the westerlies. Within the 100 kyr
cycle, precession variability further enhances the response, showing that
stronger insolation and increased atmospheric GHG cause increases in the MMV
of EASM rainfall. These findings indicate increased extreme precipitation
events under future warming scenarios, consistent with model results.
Biotic factors dominantly determine soil inorganic carbon stock across Tibetan alpine grasslands
Authors: Pan Junxiao , Wang Jinsong , Tian Dashuan , Zhang Ruiyang , Li Yang , Song Lei , Yang Jiaming , Wei Chunxue , Niu Shuli
Published: July 2022

Abstract. Soil inorganic carbon (SIC) pool is a major component of soil C pools, and clarifying the predictors of SIC stock is urgent for decreasing soil C losses and maintaining soil health and ecosystem functions. However, the drivers and their relative effects on the SIC stock at different soil depths remain largely unexplored. Here, we conducted a large-scale sampling to investigate the effects and relative contributions of abiotic (climate and soil) and biotic (plant and microbe) drivers on the SIC stock between topsoils (0–10 cm) and subsoils (20–30 cm) across Tibetan alpine grasslands. Results showed that the SIC stock had no significant differences between the topsoil and subsoil. The SIC stock was positively associated with altitude, pH, and sand proportion, but negatively correlated with mean annual precipitation, plant aboveground biomass, plant coverage, root biomass, soil available nitrogen, microbial biomass carbon, and bacterial and fungal gene abundance. For both soil layers, biotic factors had larger effects on the SIC stock than abiotic factors did. But the relative importance of these determinants varied with soil depth, with the effects of plant and microbial variables on SIC stock weakening with soil depth, whereas the importance of climatic and edaphic variables increasing with soil depth. Specifically, bacterial and fungal gene abundance and plant coverage played dominant roles in regulating SIC stock in the topsoil, while soil pH contributed largely to the variation of SIC stock in the subsoil. Our findings highlight differential drivers over SIC stock with soil depth, which should be considered in biogeochemical models for better simulating and predicting SIC dynamics and its feedbacks to environmental changes.
Structural analysis of ancient Chinese textile mechanisms
Authors: Li Shi-Wu , Shi Kan , Wang Ming-Jie , Yao Yan-An
Published: July 2022

Abstract. China is one of the first countries that produced textiles in the
world. It has designed and developed a variety of equipment to facilitate
textile work, for instance, reeling wheels for fiber processing, treadle spinning wheels for spinning, and looms for weaving cloth. These
textile mechanisms can be found in the literature, and there are physical
objects left as well. However, due to unclear descriptions of the
transmission modes in the records and illustrations, as well as the long
history and vast area of their use, a variety of designs with different
structures may have been produced. Based on the generalized kinematic chain
concept, this paper briefly describes the historical development of textile
mechanisms in ancient China and analyzes the structures of mechanisms, such as
reeling wheels, treadle spinning wheels, and looms. Finally, it explores the
degree of freedom of the mechanisms to find feasible designs in line with
functional requirements.
Antecedent rainfall as a critical factor for the triggering of short-lived debris flows in arid regions
Authors: Siman-Tov Shalev , Marra Francesco
Published: July 2022

Abstract. In arid regions, debris flows are occasionally observed when torrential rainfall hits steep slopes with unconsolidated materials. Despite the important related hazards, not much is yet known about the critical rainfall conditions for debris flow initiation in dryland areas. In this study, we use high-resolution digital surface models and weather radar rainfall estimates for the detection and characterization of triggering and non-triggering storms. We focus on the arid slopes of the Dead Sea north-western margins and use the differences of digital surface models to identify deposits from over 40, relatively small, short-lived debris flows (SLDFs) occurred between 2013 and 2019. We divide them into four groups based on their spatial distribution and triggering period, and identify the most likely triggering storm for each group. Using high-resolution weather radar data we show that the SLDFs were likely initiated by an intense convective cell (lasting 20 to 45 min) which was preceded by significant rainfall amounts (8–12 mm) delivered during the storm. Comparing triggering and non-triggering storms, we observed that rain intensity alone is insufficient to explain the phenomena, and discuss the possibility that antecedent rainfall could represent a critical factor for the triggering of SLDFs in steep slopes of arid environments.
Physical and mechanical properties of winter first-year ice in the Antarctic marginal ice zone along the Good Hope Line
Authors: Skatulla Sebastian , Audh Riesna R. , Cook Andrea , Hepworth Ehlke , Johnson Siobhan , Lupascu Doru C. , MacHutchon Keith , Marquart Rutger , Mielke Tommy , Omatuku Emmanuel , Paul Felix , Rampai Tokoloho , Schröder Jörg , Schwarz Carina , Vichi Marcello
Published: July 2022

Abstract. As part of the 2019 Southern oCean seAsonal Experiment (SCALE) Winter Cruise of the South African icebreaker SA Agulhas II, first-year ice was sampled at the advancing outer edge of the Antarctic marginal ice zone along a 150 km Good Hope Line transect. Ice cores were extracted from four solitary pancake ice floes of 1.83–2.95 m diameter and 0.37–0.45 m thickness as well as a 12×4 m pancake ice floe of 0.31–0.76 m thickness that was part of a larger consolidated pack ice domain. The ice cores were subsequently analysed for temperature, salinity, texture, anisotropic elastic properties and compressive strength. All ice cores from both solitary pancake ice floes and consolidated pack ice exhibited predominantly granular textures. The vertical distributions of salinity, brine volume and mechanical properties were significantly different for the two ice types. High salinity values of 12.6±4.9 PSU were found at the topmost layer of the solitary pancake ice floes but not for the consolidated pack ice. The uniaxial compressive strengths for pancake ice and consolidated pack ice were determined as 2.3±0.5 and 4.1±0.9 MPa, respectively. Young's and shear moduli in the longitudinal core direction of solitary pancake ice were obtained as 3.7±2.0 and 1.3±0.7 GPa, respectively, and of consolidated pack ice as
6.4±1.6 and 2.3±0.6 GPa, respectively. Comparing Young's and shear moduli measured in longitudinal and transverse core directions, a clear directional dependency was found, in particular for the consolidated pack ice.
Warm conveyor belts in present-day and future climate simulations. Part II: Role of potential vorticity production for cyclone intensification
Authors: Binder Hanin , Joos Hanna , Sprenger Michael , Wernli Heini
Published: July 2022

Abstract. Warm conveyor belts (WCBs) are strongly ascending, cloud and precipitation forming airstreams in extratropical cyclones. The intense cloud-diabatic processes produce low-level cyclonic potential vorticity (PV) along the ascending airstreams, which often contribute to the intensification of the associated cyclone. This study investigates how climate change affects the cyclones' WCB strength and the importance of WCB-related diabatic PV production for cyclone intensification, based on present-day (1990–1999) and future (2091–2100) climate simulations of the Community Earth System Model Large Ensemble (CESM-LE). In each period, a large number of cyclones and their associated WCB trajectories have been identified in both hemispheres during the winter season. Compared to ERA-Interim reanalyses, the present-day climate simulations are able to capture the cyclone structure and the associated WCBs remarkably well, which gives confidence in future projections with CESM-LE. The comparison of the simulations reveals an increase in the WCB strength and the cyclone intensification rate in the Southern Hemisphere (SH) in the future climate. The WCB strength also increases in the Northern Hemisphere (NH), but to a smaller degree, and the cyclone intensification rate is not projected to change considerably. Hence, in the two hemispheres cyclone intensification responds differently to an increase in WCB strength, which however is consistent with the opposite changes in near-surface baroclinicity expected with rising temperatures. Indeed, baroclinicity is expected to increase in the SH, which interacts positively with the direct effects of enhanced WCB-related diabatic heating to produce stronger cyclones, whereas it is expected to decrease in the NH, which counteracts the effects of the moist processes in the WCB ascent. Cyclone deepening correlates positively with the intensity of the associated WCB, with a Spearman correlation coefficient of 0.68 (0.66) in the NH in the present-day (future) simulations, and a coefficient of 0.51 (0.55) in the SH. The number of explosive cyclones with strong WCBs, referred to as C1 cyclones, is projected to increase in both hemispheres, while the number of explosive cyclones with weak WCBs (C3 cyclones) is projected to decrease. A composite analysis reveals that in the future climate C1 cyclones will be associated with even stronger WCBs, more WCB-related diabatic PV production, the formation of a more intense PV tower, and an increase in precipitation. They will become warmer, moister, and slightly more intense. The findings indicate that (i) cyclones will be more diabatic in a warmer climate, (ii) WCB-related PV production will be even more important for explosive cyclone intensification than in the present-day climate, and (iii) the interplay between dry and moist dynamics is crucial to understand how climate change affects cyclone intensification.
Wind turbine main-bearing lubrication – Part 2: Simulation-based results for a double-row spherical roller main bearing in a 1.5 MW wind turbine
Authors: Hart Edward , de Mello Elisha , Dwyer-Joyce Rob
Published: July 2022

Abstract. This paper is the second in a two-part study on lubrication in wind turbine main bearings. Where Part 1 provided an introductory review of elastohydrodynamic lubrication theory, this paper will apply those ideas to investigate lubrication in the double-row spherical roller main bearing of a 1.5 MW wind turbine. Lubrication is investigated across a “contact conditions dataset” generated by inputting main-bearing applied loads, estimated from hub loads generated using aeroelastic simulation software, into a Hertzian contact model of the main bearing. From the Hertzian model is extracted values of roller load and contact patch dimensions, along with the time rate of change of contact patch dimensions. Also included in the dataset are additional environmental and operational variable values (e.g. wind speeds and shaft rotational speeds). A suitable formula for estimating film thickness within this particular bearing is then identified. Using lubricant properties of a commercially available wind turbine grease, specifically marketed for use in main bearings, an analysis of film thickness across the generated dataset is undertaken. The analysis includes consideration of effects relating to temperature, starvation, grease thickener interactions and possible non-steady effects. Results show that the studied main bearing is at risk of operating under mixed lubrication conditions for a non-negligible proportion of its operational life, indicating that further work is required to better understand lubrication in this context and implications for main-bearing damage and operational lifetimes. Key sensitivities and uncertainties within the analysis are discussed, along with recommendations for future work.
Computational fluid dynamics studies on wind turbine interactions with the turbulent local flow field influenced by complex topography and thermal stratification
Authors: Letzgus Patrick , Guma Giorgia , Lutz Thorsten
Published: July 2022

Abstract. This paper shows the results of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) studies of turbulent flow fields and their effects on a wind turbine in complex terrain. As part of the WINSENT project, a research test site comprising four meteorological masts and two research wind turbines is currently being constructed in the Swabian Alps in southern Germany. This work is an essential part of the research of the southern German wind energy research cluster WindForS. The test site in complex terrain is characterised by a densely forested escarpment and a flat plateau downstream of the slope. The met masts and wind turbines are built on this plateau. In the first part, high-resolution delayed detached eddy simulations are performed to separately investigate the effects of the forested escarpment and of thermal stratification on the flow field and accordingly on the wind turbine. In the second part, both these effects are included for a real observed case in March 2021. There, unstable conditions prevailed and the forest showed low leaf area densities due to the winter conditions. It is shown that atmospheric turbulence, forests, orographies, and thermal stratification must be considered when assessing the impact on wind turbines in complex terrain. All of these effects influence the flow field both at the turbine position and in its wake. The wind speed at the test site is accelerated by up to 60 %, which could affect the annual energy production significantly. But otherwise turbulent structures of the forest wake cross the rotor plane temporarily and thereby affect the turbine inflow. Moreover, convective conditions and upward flows caused by the orography have an impact on the turbine's power output as inclined flows result in asymmetric torque distributions. The wind turbine wake and the forest wake mix further downstream, resulting in a faster decay of the turbine wake than in neutral conditions or without forest. The paper also describes how the turbulent flow in the wake changes in the presence of thermal stratification, which is evident in order to be able to numerically represent the flow-physical changes in the diurnal cycle well.
Improvement as the Foundation of Liberty
Authors: Kashiwazaki Masanori
Published: July 2022

Many researchers have addressed the question of whether Locke’s individuals are fundamentally self-interested or motivated by the common good. This paper approaches this question by focusing on his views on labour, labourers, industry, and improvement. This approach reveals that Locke envisaged a community whose members are not only concerned with securing individual rights and self-interest, or with performing extra-civic or God-given duties, but should also be motivated to make efforts to improve both material and moral life. To him, labour represented the common capacities of mankind to make use of their “heads” and “hands” industriously, and to thus contribute to one another by making their lives better. Locke’s individuals are active members of society, regardless of status or class. His inclusion of the labouring poor as equal contributors marks the break with humanist political discourse on the one hand, and with the Protestant idea of calling on the other.
Cooperativismo y futbol: ¿Identidades compartidas o disímiles en la cooperativa de productores de cementos portland La Cruz Azul?
Authors: Rojas Herrera Juan José
Published: July 2022

El equipo de futbol profesional Cruz Azul cuenta con una larga tradición de más de seis décadas, en el transcurso de las cuales ha logrado convertirse en uno de los clubes más populares del balompié mexicano. Tanto su origen como el sostenimiento financiero a lo largo de todo este tiempo han provenido de la Sociedad Cooperativa de Cementos Portland La Cruz Azul. Sin embargo, hasta el día de hoy, no es evidente que la filosofía y los símbolos identitarios de corte cooperativista hayan ejercido influencia significativa en la formación de la identidad colectiva de los aficionados. Con base en estos hechos, el objetivo de este estudio consistió en determinar en qué medida el patrocinio de un equipo de futbol profesional ha coadyuvado a reforzar la identidad colectiva de los socios de la cooperativa Cruz Azul y hasta qué punto las señas de identidad cooperativistas han influido en el ánimo de la afición en general. La información se recopiló por medio de revisión documental bibliográfica y hemerográfica especializada en el tema; entrevistas en profundidad con directivos y socios de la cooperativa; aplicación de una encuesta, vía internet, con miembros de la afición cruzazulina y, finalmente, mediante observación participante. Los resultados muestran que hasta el momento los socios de la cooperativa se identifican plenamente con su equipo, asumiéndolo como algo propio y como una prolongación de su vida asociativa, de tal suerte que el desempeño de éste contribuye a reforzar su identidad como cooperativistas; en cambio, a nivel de la afición, la cultura cooperativista ejerce una influencia mínima en la formación de su identidad colectiva, la cual se nutre básicamente de elementos de orden deportivo.
Análisis cuantitativo de las revistas de América Latina y el Caribe indexadas en Web of Science (2021)
Authors: Marín-Velásquez Tomás Darío
Published: July 2022

El presente trabajo muestra un estudio cuantitativo de las revistas Latinoamericanas indexadas en la Web of Science, para 2021. El objetivo principal es analizar cuantitativamente la visibilidad e impacto de las revistas editadas en la región, incluidas en los núcleos de la Web of Science. Se aplicó una metodología de enfoque meta analítico con datos obtenidos del portal oficial de la Web of Science. Los datos fueron procesados mediante estadística multivariante y los resultados analizados a través de gráficas y clasificación de países por número de revistas y factor de impacto con árbol de clasificación-regresión. Los resultados indicaron que 6 países agrupan el 88,64% de revistas indexadas: Brasil, Colombia, Argentina, México, Chile y Venezuela. El núcleo con la mayor cantidad de revistas es ESCI con 60,28% del total, siendo Colombia el país con el mayor porcentaje respecto a su total con 80,0%.  Los países con revistas con factores de impacto JCI mayores a la media de sus categorías (JCI > 1) fueron Brasil, Chile, Colombia, México y Venezuela. Los países de clasifican en 8 grupos, con Argentina, Brasil y Colombia como los de mayor importancia. El idioma de mayor uso es el español con 34,2% de las revistas, seguido por el inglés y el portugués. Se concluye que, en la región existe una cantidad baja de revistas indexadas en Web of Science y de pocos países, por lo que se debe impulsar la indexación de las revistas aumentando la calidad y sean ubicadas en los núcleos principales para que más países aumenten su presencia en la base de datos.
Criterios de gestión y desarrollo de colecciones en museos. Revisión sistematizada
Authors: Flores-Fernández Cherie , Inostroza González Carolina , Santander Campos Matías , Vilches Sandoval Egon
Published: July 2022

El propósito de esta investigación fue identificar los criterios de gestión y desarrollo de colección en museos, a través de una revisión sistemática. Para el desarrollo de la búsqueda bibliográfica se contempló el uso de diez recursos de información: Dialnet, Jstor, La Referencia, Proquest, Repositorios Latinoamericanos, REDIB, Scopus, Taylor & Francis, Willey y Wos. Se seleccionaron 32 documentos para su análisis y se dividieron en cinco grupos según el tipo de colecciones contenidas en los museos: colecciones a niveles generales, colecciones de naturaleza humana (artefactos y/o antropológicas), colecciones de arte, colecciones naturales (biología, zoología, entomología, entre otras) y colecciones arqueológicas. Se concluye que actualmente los museos buscan modernizar su rol como entidades culturales y la implementación y uso de nuevas tecnologías para beneficio de ellas y de la comunidad; además se persiste en el uso y distribución del espacio del museo como pilar fundamental para la preservación y exhibición de las colecciones y se vislumbra que determinados criterios de gestión de colecciones son exclusivos o adquieren mayor importancia para las instituciones en función de la naturaleza y composición de dichas colecciones.
La huella militar y sus registros en la sociedad argentina: el servicio histórico del ejército
Authors: Codesido Lucas
Published: July 2022

En este artículo nos proponemos dar cuenta de la importancia de los fondos documentales y colecciones de archivos almacenados en el Servicio Histórico del Ejército Nacional en Argentina. Con tal motivo, hacemos una breve descripción de la historia de la institución, se describen los registros disponibles y se considera el proceso de apertura de los archivos vinculados a la represión estatal junto con su tratamiento en el marco de nuevos escenarios memoriales que los producen. Luego ofrecemos un listado de las colecciones disponibles y una reseña acerca de las posibilidades de consulta que permite realizar la institución.
13-18 Yaş Grubu Çocukların Voleybol Sporuna Başlama Nedenleri ve Voleybola Karşı Tutumlarının İncelenmesi
Authors: EKİNCİ İrem , ÇOLAK Serap
Published: July 2022

Volleyball is one of the most popular sports today. People can play volleyball officially or as a hobby. However, it is of great importance in directing people to these sports fields. Two main factors come to the fore in this process. The first of these is to direct the individual to the most suitable sport for him, both personally and physically; The second is to do the routing as soon as possible. For this reason, the aim of the study is to investigate the attitudes of 13-18 year old children towards volleyball branch and the reasons that affect their orientation to volleyball branch. Within the scope of the study, it was examined whether the children's encouragement to sports, engaging in sports and expectations from sports differed significantly according to their total attitude scores of volleyball, age, years of playing sports, family education level, family income level. A total of 82 female amateur athletes between the ages of 13-18 participated in the study. Personal information form, reasons for starting volleyball of athletes and attitude scale towards volleyball were applied to the participants. The normality distribution of the data was determined by the independent samples t test, the Mann Whitney U test, which is one of the nonparametric tests, and the anova tests for multi-group comparisons were applied. As a result of the analysis of the obtained data; A statistically significant difference was found between the volleyball players' incentive to sports sub-dimension and their total attitude scores (p<0.05). While a significant difference was found in the sub-dimension of volleyball players' encouragement to sports according to the income level variable, there was no significant difference between the total score of encouragement, engagement and expectation from sports, and attitude according to the age of volleyball players (p>0.05). As a result, it is thought that the coach and family will play a very important role in the orientation of individuals to sports, developing themselves in this field, being aware of the positive contributions of sports, discovering talented athletes and starting sports. Keywords: Volleyball, attitude, participation in sports, expectation from sports
Reversing Type 1 Diabetes: The Magnifying Potential of Stem Cell Encapsulation
Authors: Bagherian Ava , Jain Anisha , Prathap Darshita , Nguyen Vanloan
Published: July 2022

Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) is one of the most common chronic autoimmune diseases characterized by islet autoimmunity. This is followed by immune destruction of the β-cells as T cells attack and destroy insulin-secreting pancreatic β cells, leading to insulin deficiency. Currently, life-long insulin therapy is the primary treatment option for the condition with research being centered around islet transplantation to restore glycemic stability. However, this procedure is limited by risks and supply shortages, highlighting the need for a safer, more effective therapy for the approximately 9 million people across the world with Type 1 Diabetes. This literature review serves to assess stem cells and their potential as a vast β-cell supply towards the treatment of Type 1 diabetes. Stem cells may differentiate to become a self-renewing β-cell line that may reverse Type 1 Diabetes; however, further studies expanding on encapsulation techniques, methods whereby living cells are entrapped in semi-permeable membranes for the purpose of disease treatment, are required. With this new horizon of possibilities, targeted efforts towards stem cell manipulation in expressing β-cell phenotype can pave the way for a highly efficacious treatment for Type 1 Diabetes.
The place and role of the President of the Republic of Moldova and the President of Romania in the system of public authorities. Comparative study
Authors:   Moldova State University, Ţurcan Liliana
Published: July 2022

The institution of the Head of State is a research object both for the science of constitutional law and for the science of administrative law. The Article is dedicated to the comparative examination of the role and place of the Head of State in the system of public authorities of the Republic of Moldova and Romania. The constitutional provisions determining the functions and duties of the President of the Republic of Moldova and the President of Romania, the views expressed in the doctrine, as well as the constitutional case-law in this area are analyzed. The comparative analysis allows us to highlight the common features, but also the differences in the legal status of the President in these States. In the opinion of the author, at the level of the Head of State or the Government, any political task leads to an administrative subsidiary and any administrative task has a political sublayer, that a distinction between "political" and "administrative" appears to be risky and uncommanding. In conclusion, the author argues the idea of the need to redefine the role and place of the President of the Republic of Moldova in the system of public authorities, by rethinking the constitutional framework with a view to establishing a semi-presidential regime along the lines of Romania or France.
Impact of police development strategy for the years 2016–2020. Analysis and conclusions
Authors:   Moldova State University, Erhan Ianuş , Ardeleanu Vadim ,   General Police Inspectorate of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Republic of Moldova
Published: July 2022

In the last years the Police of the Republic of Moldova has gone through extensive transformation processes meant to ensure its modernization and development, so that citizens are offered quality services by ensuring an adequate climate of legality in the field of public order and security. In particular, this process was marked by the Police Development Strategy for the years 2016–2020 (PDS) and the Action Plan on its implementation. The implementation of the strategy has been carried out with the budgetary support provided by the EU, without which it would not have been possible to achieve this goal. Likewise, all the actors involved have noticed that the National Police has the ambition and has the necessary capabilities to continue the implementation of the commitments undertaken, and ensuring the sustainability of the investments made for the next period, after the completion of the external assistance, represents another challenge for the institution. The approval of a new policy document describing the further development vision is one of the additional guarantees that indicates the concern and interest of the central public authority to amplify the positive impact in this domain. The implementation of the Strategy is a qualitative leap in the development of the Police, so that today the National Police is better trained and equipped, responsible, efficient, transparent and professional.
Social services - an essential component of the european social model
Authors:   Comrat State University, Republic of Moldova, Sacara Ana
Published: July 2022

Social services play an essential role within the European society. In the realized study, there have been identified the most important characteristics and standards of the social services established through the European Union legislation, which states undertake to transpose within the national social policies in order to develop and improve the national social service systems. The study has allowed us to make them an important tool for achieving the basic objectives of the European Union such as: social, economic and territorial cohesion, employment and social inclusion. Moreover, social services have a primary role in European Society, promoting and ensuring the increase of the capacity of vulnerable people to participate actively in the life of society and guaranteeing respect for the fundamental rights of European citizens proclaimed by community law.
The legal and economic subsystem ensuring the financial management of the enterprise
Authors:   Academy of Economic Studies, Republic of Moldova, Melnic Georgeta
Published: July 2022

Considering that companies play a decisive role in the destiny of every country, evaluating their financial dimension is of particular actuality. Funding ensures the necessary volume of resources for common use in the companies and for their development in perspective. Thus, in this article, the author justifies the importance of studying the economic and legal aspects, pertaining to the financial management of the company, in particular, pertaining to the company’s financial system, which involves methods, levers, tools and procedures for the creation, collection and management of capital. This system is of particular usefulness in the organization and management of financial activity and are moved using specific, particular techniques that are employed in the processes of creation and development of financial fluxes and cycles, of capital, in establishing and the deployment of monetary surplus, in forming and covering the necessary funding of the economic agent, etc. Thus, we will showcase general theoretical approaches referring to the company’s financial system and the impact of financial management on the process of fixing and achieving the goals of contemporary companies.
A Review on Effect of Physical Activity as an Exogenous Factor and Cognitive Change in Motor Neuron Disease
Authors: Bobade Shweta Shivaling , Mali Mahesh Somnath , Pol Komal Dattatray
Published: July 2022

Motor neuron disease (MND) is a terrible neurodegenerative illness with a poor prognosis and significant impairment. Despite recent advances in symptomatic care, there are few medicines that can affect survival. However, a better understanding of the underlying etiology would substantially aid the task of finding effective treatments. In the etiology of MND, many potential external risk factors have been hypothesized as part of a gene-environment interaction. Following reports of a greater than predicted incidence of MND in professional athletes, there has been an increasing interest in the role of intensive physical exercise in the development of the disease. Current hypotheses about the cellular and genetic causes of MND also support this conclusion. Epidemiological evidence, on the other hand, is contradictory and inconclusive. FTD/motor neuron disease is the name given to a motor neuronopathy that complicates frontotemporal dementia (FTD) (MND). FTD is marked by severe personality changes, abnormal social behavior, and executive difficulties caused by frontal and temporal neocortical atrophy. Bulbar palsy and limb amyotrophy are symptoms of motor neuron disease. Micro vacuolation of the cerebral cortex is the most common histological alteration, along with atrophy of the bulbar neurons and anterior horn cells of the spinal cord. Large pyramidal cortical neurons, surviving cranial nerve nuclei, and anterior horn cells all have ubiquitinated inclusion bodies. Evidence is accumulating that some patients with classical MND/amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) who are not regarded to be demented show frontal executive function abnormalities. Moreover, frontal lobe abnormalities have been demonstrated by neuroimaging.

Keywords: MND, FTD, ALS, motor neuron, behavior, physical activity, cognitive change.
The Development of Scientific Literacy Ecology Worksheet to Improve Student Higher Order Thinking Skills at Senior High School
Authors: S Yulia Pratiwi , Manurung Binari , Diningrat DS
Published: July 2022

This study aims to produce a student worksheet (LKPD) based on scientific literacy on ecology topic, to determine the feasibility of the LKPD as learning materials according to expert validators, teachers, and student responses, and its effectiveness in improving student's higher order thinking skills (HOTS). The research development is 4D Thiagarajan model. Product validation is done by content, learning strategy and media validators and also biology teacher assessment and student responses. The effectiveness test of worksheet was carried out at SMA Methodist An Pancurbatu at the X IPA 2 as the experimental class and at the X IPA 1 as the control class. The data were collected by using observation, interviews and student achievement test. The questionnaire instrument used Likert scale. Research result showed that the worksheet feasibility according to content (material), learning strategy and media experts were 92.19%, 92.2% and 94.8%, respectively, with very good category. Teacher's assessment and student responses were 93.24 % and 94.00% also with very good category. Meanwhile, the effectiveness test result showed that the gain score was 0.7 > g > 0.3 means that developed scientific literacy LKPD was effective in increasing of students' HOTS. The independent sample t-test result showed that there was a very significant differences of learning outcome between the experimental and the control classes (t count= 5.89; P=0.00). In this case, the learning outcome (HOTS) of the students who have used the developed worksheet in the learning process was significantly higher compared to the students who didn’t use the developed worksheet. The developed worksheet was effective to improve the student HOT, especially in answering the analytic (C4) and synthetic questions.

Keywords: HOTS, Ecology, Scientific Literacy, LKPD, Development.
Polyamines in Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek plant growth and development
Authors: Roy Urmi , Roy Ushri
Published: July 2022

Polyamines (PA) are found in all organisms. Polyamines are small aliphatic amines that have more than two amine groups. There are three main polyamines that are found in plants namely putrescine, spermidine and spermine. They can exist in both free and combined forms. In the regulation of growth, development, polyamines have regulatory roles. Polyamines also help plants in biotic and abiotic stress. Being positively charged, polyamines have the ability to interact with negatively charged sites in molecules such as nucleic acids, proteins, and lipids. Polyamines correlate with numerous vital biochemical functions, including protein regulation, regulation of chemiosmosis, and photoprotection in chloroplasts, ATP synthesis, ion channeling, and membrane fluidity. Through various studies it has been observed that exogenous PA application not only helped the plant to tolerate but also gave the plant resistance to several abiotic stresses (e.g. salinity, drought, water logging, osmotic stress, heavy metals, and extreme temperatures). Vigna radiata is native to India and is known as mung bean, mung dal, moong dal, mash bean, green gram, golden gram, and green soy. It is a major supplement of protein in vegetarian diets. Essential amino acids are present in good quantities among which Arginine, Phenylalanine, Leucine, Lysine are noteworthy. Vigna radiata is also a good source of vitamin, mineral and trace element as well as dietary fibres. Some varieties of mung bean possess excellent aroma and are called Sona mung (B1 variety). The present investigators have used the Sona mung for the study of polyamine in Vigna radiata along with other four different varieties, during the growth and development.
OPG and RANKL Signal Transduction in Osteoblast Regulation Post Application Extract Collagen in Osteogenesis
Authors: Kurnia Shafira , Prahasanti Chiquita , Victoria Hendro Onge , Ofier Siki Yokthan , Riawan Wibi , Bargowo Lambang
Published: July 2022

Background and Aim: The current goal of periodontal therapy is to achieve periodontal regeneration. Important factor for periodontal regeneration is to promote bone formation, nowadays used bone replacement. The used of xenograft materials as gold standard for periodontal tissue regeneration using type I collagen bone graft has been widely developed. The main organic component in fish scales is type I fibril collagen, which are same as with component in bones. Specific markers of bone formation are the expression of osteoblast, osteoclast, osteoprotegerin (OPG), and receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligands (RANKL). The purpose of this study is to assess the expression of OPG and RANKL after application of extract collagen from gourami (Osphronemus gouramy) scales. Materials and Methods: Thirty-two experimental 3-month-old male Wistar albino rats (150g and 200g) were randomly divided into four groups: 7-day control group, 7-day fish collagen group, 14-day control group and 14-day fish collagen group. The sockets were filled with blood (control group), whereas 10 mg to 30 mg extract collagen was added until the sockets were fully occupied (treatment group). Results: The ANOVA test showed a significance level of 0.000 (p <0.05). Conclusion: Expression of OPG enhanced and expression of RANKL lowered after application of type I collagen from gourami scales, accelerating osteogenesis.
In Vitro Study of Irrigation solution of Chitosan Nanoparticles to Inhibit the Adhesion and Biofilm Formation of Enterococcus faecalis in the Root Canal
Authors: Darmawi Imelda , Abidin Trimurni , Agusnar Harry , A. Gani Basri
Published: July 2022

Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) plays a role in the pathogenesis of dental root canal infections. Chitosan has antibacterial properties and a chelating agent in the tooth root canal and is biodegradable and non-toxic. They analyzed the irrigation response of Chitosan nanoparticles to the virulence properties of E. faecalis in the dental root canal. Examination of E. faecalis virulence properties was carried out with violet crystals to obtain biofilm inhibition strength, Gram staining to determine lysis and coagulation of bacterial cells, and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) to analyze the surface roughness of the tooth root canal. Chitosan nanoparticles combined with 2.5% NaOCl has a strong inhibition of the formation of E. faecalis biofilm, both based on the control group (p> 0.05; 0.088) and incubation time of 48 h and 72 h, also inhibitory power, which was better at 24 h (p> 0.05; 0.185) than the other groups. Irrigation solution of Chitosan nanoparticles combined with 2.5% NaOCl has better lysis and cell agglutination of E. faecalis bacteria compared to other groups, especially at all incubation times, based on the control group (p> 0.05; 0.104) and incubation time (p> 0.05; 0.580) can reduce the surface roughness of the dental root canal, but the impact of giving irrigation materials to each treatment group with the incubation time showed significant differences (p<0.05). The Chitosan nanoparticles solution as an irrigation material has a strong ability to suppress the formation of biofilms, coagulation, and lysis of E. faecalis cells and better reduce the walls' surface roughness dental root canal at 24 hours incubation time.