bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinicopathological Study of Helicobactor Pylori Infection and Gastric Carcinoma at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Kathmandu
Authors: Pathak Rakesh , Pudasaini Sujata , Basnet Manjila
Published: April 2024

Urinary calculi are important problem in urology field. Ureteral stones can cause obstructive uropathy and subsequent deterioration of renal function. The minimal invasive approaches become the major source of treatment modalities with the development of lithotripsy technology. A prospective cross sectional hospital study was conducted in the Urology Department of a tertiary care hospital in Kathmandu for a period of one year (September 2022 to August 2023). A total of 118 patients attending Urology OPD and undergoing laser lithotripsy were included in the study. Ureteroscopic procedure was done using a 6.5 Fr (Wolf Inc., Germany) semirigid ureteroscope under direct endoscopic vision and once the stone was visible, fragmentation was done using Ho-YAG laser. The mean age of the patients was 35.36 ± 11.65 years with male preponderance (58.5%). The common presenting symptom was flank pain and ureteric calculus was more common in the left side (49.2%). Upper ureteric calculus (60.2%) and single stone (83.9%) were more common. Stone size <10 mm (54.2%) and density more than 1000 HU (87.3%) were more common. Stone retropulsion was seen in 16.1% cases and 78% had no post operative complications. SFR in Xray KUB was 94.9% and in USG was 78.8%. The association of SFR in Xray KUB and USG among different variables - male and female patients, patients with stone size < and ≥ 10 mm, stone density < and ≥ 1000 HU and sites (upper, middle and lower) was statistically not significant. The laser lithotripsy technique was found to be effective and safe for ureteric calculus with high SFR.
Prevalence of Thyroid Disorders among Pregnant and Non-Pregnant Women Attending a Tertiary Care Center in Kathmandu
Authors: Pokhrel Asmita , Pokhrel Buddhi Raj , Bhattarai Richa , Khanal Madhav , Neupane Nayan , Thakali Anu , Shrestha Astha
Published: April 2024

Thyroid hormones are crucial for the overall development of the fetus, and their impact on the pregnancy outcomes needs to be considered seriously. Hence, universal screening for thyroid disorders is recommended in the first trimester of pregnancy. One hundred pregnant women in their first trimester and 100 non-pregnant women of the reproductive age group were screened for thyroid function test. The prevalence of thyroid disorders among the total participants was 32.0% of which 23.5% were hypothyroid and 8.5% were hyperthyroid. Pregnant females had a significantly higher prevalence of thyroid disorders (46.0%) than non-pregnant counterparts (18.0%; P <0.001). Pregnant females had significantly higher odds of hypothyroid disorders than non-pregnant females (OR 3.95; P <0.001). The prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism among pregnant and non-pregnant was 34.0% and 12.0% respectively which makes it the most common thyroid disorder in both study groups. The median values of FT3, FT4, and TSH levels were, however, not significantly different between the study groups. After adjusting for the confounding effect of age, the odds of thyroid disorders were still significantly higher in pregnant women than in non-pregnant (p =0.001). The prevalence of thyroid disorders, specifically hypothyroidism, is higher in pregnant women compared to non-pregnant counterparts. And this emphasizes on the need of antenatal thyroid screening to be made mandatory in the health policy.
Drug Induced Rowell’s Syndrome: A Rare Presentation
Authors: Rana Arnija , Thapa Deeptara Pathak , Shrestha Shristi , Adhikari Prabin , Shrestha Asim
Published: April 2024

Rowell’s syndrome (RS) is a rare disorder characterized by Erythema multiforme (EM)-like lesions in a patient with lupus erythematosus, either systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) or cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE). A 35 years old female presented in our dermatology outpatient department (OPD) with complaint of hemorrhagic crusting of lips and multiple discrete targetoid lesions over the chest, upper limb, and gluteal region. Investigations revealed a speckled pattern of antinuclear antibody (ANA), anti-Smith antibody, anti-ds DNA antibody, and strongly positive anti-Ro antibody. According to the clinical evaluation and investigations, the diagnosis of drug induced RS was made. The likely role of proton pump inhibitors, namely esomeprazole as a triggering factor is discussed. After stopping esomeprazole and starting medications with oral steroids and hydroxychloroquine, her good response to treatment was noted.
Donation of a Residential House to Shikhamu Bahāḥ
Authors: Ranjitkar Junu Basukala
Published: April 2024

Situated at the southeast corner of Basantapur ḍabalī in Kathmandu, a small shrine and stone caitya, collectively referred to as Basantapur Bahāḥ or Deśasumantra vihāra by certain scholars. However, the origins of these designations lack scholarly citation. The structural integrity of the site remained robust until the seismic earthquake of 1990 V.S. An inscription on the shrine's eastern exterior attributes its establishment to Bhavani Śaṅkara Baniyā's residence. Bhavani Śaṅkara Baniyā initiated the installation of an Akṣobhya Buddha image within his dwelling in 866 N.S. Another likeness of Akṣobhya Buddha found placement at Rāj Kula Bahi. Along with this philanthropic act, Bhavani Śaṅkara stipulated the annual worship of Kvāpādyaḥ at Rāj Kula Bahi on Kartika Purnima, financed by the income from his endowed properties. Post-donation, the property seamlessly merged into Sikhamu Bahāḥ, a subsidiary branch of the larger religious complex, subsequently known as Baniyā vihāra. Unfortunately, the seismic event of 1990 V. S. left the structure in ruins, with no subsequent reconstruction efforts. Sole remnants include the preserved Akṣobhya images and the enduring caitya.
Diasporic Consciousness in Kiran Desai’s The Inheritance of Loss
Authors: Shrestha Ravi Kumar
Published: April 2024

The Inheritance of Loss written by Kiran Desai is a South Asian Novel written in English reflects the diasporic consciousness of the characters since the characters have feelings of a sense of loss, hybrid identity, consciousness of being an outsider, longing for home, double consciousness, split personality, and alienation. Regarding diasporic consciousness, human beings have had such consciousness since they started migrating to other nations leaving their nations due to their compulsion to adapt in the culture of the host land along with the culture of the root land. However, this research focuses on the diasporic consciousness of protagonists such as Biju, Jemu Bhai Patel, Fathe Booty and Sai potrayed in The Inheritance of Loss in the post-colonial era. The research discovers the impact of post-colonialism on these characters, which means that India became independent in 2047, but Indians throughout the world are still under the influence of colonialism. Biju’s life in New York, Jemu Bhai Patel’s life in London and Sai’s life in Kalimpong reveal their sense of loss, dislocation, split personality, double consciousness and hybrid identity, which reflect their consciousness in diaspora. Hence, for the research methodology, the qualitative approach is applied since the research deals with the fictional characters portrayed in the select novel. Likewise, for the broad theoretical framework, Avtar Brah’s and Vijay Mishra’s theory of diaspora, and Homi K. Bhabha’s Hybrid Identity are applied as theoretical tools to explore how the characters struggle for identity, suffer due to loss of identity and are under the influence of colonialism in the diaspora.
Analytical Study of Cooperative Learning in Mathematics
Authors: Shah Yogendra Prasad
Published: April 2024

This exhaustive study delves into the application and impact of cooperative learning in mathematics education, specifically focusing on the context of Nepal. The primary aim is to assess the effectiveness and prevalence of cooperative learning strategies employed by mathematics teachers at both school and college levels. The investigation centers on small-group cooperative learning as an alternative pedagogical approach, contrasting it with traditional whole-class expository instruction and individual instruction systems. The study outlines practical and realistic strategies for utilizing small groups in mathematics teaching, emphasizing their applicability across different age groups and curricula. Furthermore, the study encompasses three computer-based cooperative learning strategies designed for classroom implementation, various learning activities aimed at establishing a cooperative classroom setting, and procedures for group problem-solving and inquiry specifically in algebra, geometry, and trigonometry. The implications of this finding underscore the need for further efforts to enhance the adoption of cooperative learning among mathematics teachers in Nepal.
La cobertura de la (in)seguridad pública en la prensa local
Authors: Ramírez Flores Fabián
Published: April 2024

2010 fue un año violento en el estado de Jalisco. Fueron doce meses en que las ejecuciones, secuestros y detenciones fueron en ascenso. Los reporteros encargados de informar al lector sobre los temas de seguridad o de inseguridad, tuvieron que enfrentarse a situaciones más violentas que el año en 2009.
Periodismo internacional: entre la profesión y el ejercicio amateur
Authors: Pérez Pereda Juan Ignacio
Published: April 2024

En las secciones internacionales de los medios de comunicación es donde se presenta el resumen de los hechos más importantes sucedidos alrededor del mundo. En estos espacios periodísticos la información enlaza a una sociedad de un determinado lugar con lo que ocurre en otras latitudes geográficas del orbe, convirtiéndose, por tanto, en una herramienta que tienen los ciudadanos para conocer la realidad internacional y establecer un nexo entre las distintas comunidades. Por otro lado, las secciones internacionales de los medios de comunicación han cobrado una gran relevancia en las últimas décadas, debido al intenso proceso de globalización que ha sufrido la comunidad internacional y que ha subido a la agenda global una serie de problemas muy importantes como el terrorismo, la democracia, el calentamiento global o el desempleo. Ante este panorama, preocupa que las secciones internacionales que se publican en la prensa escrita de Guadalajara no responden a este escenario. Este artículo explorará algunas de las razones que pueden explicar estas carencias, y pondrá especial énfasis en la falta de profesionalización en el periodismo internacional.
La última palabra
Authors: Núñez de la Peña Francisco Javier
Published: April 2024

Un libro, cuyo título es The last word, contiene notas necrológicas y despedidas publicadas en The New York Times; el subtítulo anuncia una celebración de vidas excepcionales. Acerca de un hombre excepcional, Juan Pablo Rosell Hernández, he leído varias celebraciones en dos diarios de Guadalajara: por ejemplo, en Público o en su suplemento “Ocio”, “Deja este puerto Rafael del Barco” (30 de diciembre de 2010), “El valor de las palabras” (2 de enero de 2011), “El Caldero en las nubes” (7 de enero de 2011) y “‘Los títulos, cuida bien los títulos’” (16 de enero de 2011), y en El Informador, “Un hombre recto” (3 de enero de 2011).
Una nueva ley de medios
Authors: Vicencio Álvarez Felipe
Published: April 2024

El 7 de junio de 2007 la Suprema Corte de Justicia de la Nación dictó resolución respecto a la demanda de acción de inconstitucionalidad que el 4 de mayo de 2006 habían interpuesto 47 senadores en contra de las reformas legislativas a la Ley Fedearl de Radio y Televisión y a la de Telecomunicaciones, que habían sido publicadas en el Diario Oficial de la Federación el 11 de abril del mismo año.
7. Comunidades virtuales y elecciones
Authors: Duarte Lydia , Larrosa-Fuentes Juan S.
Published: April 2024

Durante las campañas electorales que se desarrollaron en Jalisco a lo largo de 2012 para elegir a un nuevo gobernador, las redes sociales o comunidades virtuales (como les llamaremos en este informe), jugaron un papel relevante en las estrategias de comunicación de los distintos candidatos. Por ello, Quid ITESO: Análisis Crítico de Medios se dio a la tarea de observar en este periodo el desarrollo del sistema de comunicación política, en especial en las páginas de la Internet de los distintos candidatos, así como en sus plataformas de Facebook, Twitter y YouTube. A continuación se presentan los resultados y conclusiones más importantes de este trabajo de investigación.
8. Día de la jornada electoral
Authors: Paláu Cardona Magdalena Sofía
Published: April 2024

En este texto se presenta el análisis del tema de la cobertura de los medios de comunicación el día de la jornada electoral, como parte de una investigación realizada por el equipo de investigación Quid ITESO: Análisis Crítico de Medios, en la que se analiza el funcionamiento del sistema de comunicación política y el manejo de los medios de comunicación que se llevó a cabo en las elecciones locales de Jalisco de 2012.
Cuando la propaganda se disfraza de periodismo
Authors: Ramírez Flores Fabián
Published: April 2024

Lucía, una joven de 26 años y egresada de la carrera de Derecho, acostumbra prender el televisor todas las mañanas antes de salir a su trabajo, para sintonizar alguno de los noticiarios locales que se transmiten por los canales de Televisa y TV Azteca. Le gusta enterarse del acontecer público y de las disputas entre los diferentes partidos políticos, sin embargo ha notado que últimamente en ambos programas informativos, han ganado más tiempo las notas en las que se difunden las acciones de los gobiernos metropolitanos, que se asemejan más a los llamados publirreportajes que se transmiten con frecuencia en el programa nocturno de Televisa que conduce Joaquín López Dóriga.
La aprobación de la Ley de Información Pública del Estado de Jalisco y sus Municipios
Authors: Romo Gil Cristina
Published: April 2024

Ya nos vamos acostumbrando a que cuando se trata de un asunto cuestionado, en el que hay voces ciudadanas que tienen, no sólo interés, sino conocimiento y han expresado su opinión, tanto el Congreso estatal, como el de la Unión, recurren a la aprobación rápida (se dice fast track o “albazo”). Esto pasó el 8 de diciembre de 2011, cuando el Congreso de Jalisco aprobó el dictamen sobre la Ley de Información Pública del Estado de Jalisco y sus Municipios, y abrogó la Ley de Transparencia e Información Pública del Estado de Jalisco, que tenía vigencia desde 2005.
Prensa roja: un mercado opaco y poco ético
Authors: Blas Alvarado Perla Araceli , Contreras Serratos Esteban
Published: April 2024

Con la reciente aparición del diario Express de Grupo Milenio (enero de 2011), la oferta de periódicos denominados como “policiales” o de “nota roja”, demostró un alto crecimiento en Guadalajara. Este tipo de mercado representa una alternativa redituable económicamente para los grupos mediáticos presentes en el occidente del país, como es el caso de Grupo Milenio, Grupo Reforma y la Organización Editorial Mexicana (OEM), quienes buscan de distintas formas, hacer frente a la crisis global del periodismo impreso que afecta a los diarios generalistas que también editan (Milenio Jalisco, Mural y El Occidental respectivamente).
Chinese reception of Oblomov’s image
Authors: Xinyu Chen , Huixian Xue
Published: April 2024

Chinese scholars have been studying Goncharov for over a century. The first acquaintance with his works happened through Japanese translations published in the late 19th c. Following the May Fourth movement that promoted new culture, the first Chinese translations from the Russian original came out and scholarly interest in Goncharov was reinvigorated. The initial reception of Oblomov in China was heavily influenced by N. Dobrolyubov, who saw Goncharov’s hero as a special type of the Russian national character. While some treated Oblomov with disdain and branded him a dawdler, others argued that his character is complex and controversial. A cohort of Chinese scholars considered Oblomov in the context of world literature as yet another ‘superfluous man,’ but as early as the 1950s, many Chinese experts of Russian studies began to adopt a more forgiving attitude to this character. Since the early 21st c., literary scholars have started to analyze Oblomov in the context of Chinese philosophy. The article seeks to describe the assumptions for this type of reception.
Andrey Platonov: Utopia as a private matter. On the writer’s first ‘five-year plan’ in literature
Authors: Kozlov V. I.
Published: April 2024

The article is concerned with the stylistic particularities of A. Platonov’s early works (the novellas The Sluices of Epiphany [Yepifanskie shlyuzy], The Innermost Man [Sokrovenniy chelovek], and For Future Use [Vprok]), characterized by a new kind of consciousness inspired by socialist utopia. In the opinion of the critic V. Kozlov, it is during the first Soviet five-year plan that Platonov’s style emerges as uniquely recognizable thanks to, among other things, his personal experience as a land amelioration engineer — a job he took under the birth name of Klimentov. Kozlov argues that a life in utopia as personally experienced by the first Soviet social and scientific activist and administrator finds its way into the personalities of Platonov’s characters as well as his plots and inimitable language of narration. However, by the end of the five-year period, the writer had unambiguously deviated from the path of the official Soviet literature. The reason being that, while the Soviet utopia had been conceived as a social and political project, Platonov’s works demonstrate that an individual may experience their private Soviet utopia, which often dramatically, if not tragically, differs from the collective idea.
Shevyryov, S. (2022). Complete works of literary criticism (7 vols). Vol. 5: 1846–1854. Part 1: 1846–1849. Part 2: 1850–1854. Ed. by A. Nikolyukin. St. Petersburg: Rostok. (In Russ.)
Authors: Finogenov V. A.
Published: April 2024

Shevyryov’s complete collected non-fiction works in 7 volumes is an ambitious project with the aim to reintroduce a preeminent Slavophile ideologist to contemporary cultural discourse. Soviet scholars dismissed Shevyryov as ideologically erring, and it was not until the 1990s that his works were rediscovered by publishers and booksellers. In the last decades, Shevyryov’s legacy was revisited, sparking interest in his travelogues, among other things. The recently published fifth volume contains the new edition of Journey to White Lake St. Cyril’s Monastery [Poezdka v Kirillo-Belozerskiy monastyr], written to encourage its readers to take an interest in Russian history and its preservation.
Nalepin, A. (2022). The axioms of folklore experience in writings of Russian philosophers in the 1900s–1930s (V. V. Rozanov, P. A. Florensky, E. N. Trubetskoy, B. P. Vysheslavtsev, I. A. Ilyin, and A. A. Vanovsky). Moscow: IMLI RAN. (In Russ.)
Authors: Smirnova N. N.
Published: April 2024

The review is devoted to A. Nalepin’s monograph on the reception of folklore in Russian society in the first three decades of the 20th c. With urbanization on the rise, the contrast between traditional folklore and its new urban counterpart became more prominent. A key issue discussed by the author concerns the methodology for the study of the reception of folklore in works of Russian philosophers in a period when folklore was perceived as history rather than tradition, its erstwhile functions being replaced in popular consciousness by its aesthetic and ideological functions. Of special interest is the discussion of the influence that folklore consciousness can exercise over an individual artist’s works. The author also examines the complex cultural phenomenon of latent folklorism.
Aristov, V. (2023). Idem-forma: The search of ‘identity in the dissimilar’ in literature and other arts. Moscow, St. Petersburg: Tsent gumanitarnykh initsiativ. (In Russ.)
Authors: Shaytanov I. O.
Published: April 2024

The central notion in Vladimir Aristov’s book is Idem-forma, advanced by the author for the analysis of literary similarities that are not covered by the traditional comparative terms, e. g., contacts or typology. A physicist and a poet, Aristov undertakes the task of scholarly investigation in the style of an essay. The first three of twelve chapters in his book treat the problem theoretically in a broad context of the modern mind. Nine chapters deal with the cases of the ‘identity in the dissimilar,’ suggesting hypotheses of similarity in poetry, prose, and interdisciplinary affinities. The major cases are those where the similarity, no matter how much open to comparative argumentation, allows for viewing two works in a new light, or establishing a plausible typological parallel between them, as it is done for the novels by A. Platonov and W. Faulkner, M. Bulgakov and T. Mann. Idem-forma is an attempt to attract attention to those literary and artistic events that demand an attentive eye towards similar syntactic and rhythmic patterns in poetry, or plots and characters in prose which do not lie on the surface to be related or explained but are supposed to interact in the domain of world literature.
M. Prishvin and A. Platonov: ‘friends’ and ‘enemies’
Authors: Surovova L. Y.
Published: April 2024

The article examines critical reviews of M. Prishvin’s novella Naked Spring [Neodetaya vesna] published in the journal Oktyabr in 1940. The scholar and literary critic L. Surovova describes an overall positive reaction to the writer’s chronicle of his trip to the Volga River: He travelled there to observe animals’ survival strategies during the seasonal flooding. The occasional negative remarks in the press invoked the harsh dispute of 1930, when the Russian Association of Proletarian Writers attacked Prishvin’s biographical novel Kashchey’s Chain [Kashcheeva tsep] and the novella Cranes’ Homeland [Zhuravlinaya rodina]. Their characters were castigated as proponents of a bourgeois ideology. The 1940 critical coverage contained, however, a rather scathing review by A. Platonov, whose strong dislike of Prishvin’s writing style was also rooted in this 1930s’ ideological dispute. Surovova suggests that this polemic arose from a clash between the two radically opposing mentalities — Prishvin’s ‘contemplative observer’ against Platonov’s ‘action-orientated’ approach — and resulted in an exchange on a critical as well as literary plane, namely, in Platonov’s novella A Great Man [Velikiy chelovek].
Behind a cold wall. Evgenia Jen Baranova. Where There Is Golden, There Is White [Gde zolotoe, tam i beloe]
Authors: Batalov S. A.
Published: April 2024

Batalov reviews a new collection of poems by the contemporary author and editor of the Formaslov publisher Evgenia Jen Baranova. The critic traces the principal motifs of Baranova’s lyrical poetry and considers the evolution of her work through the prism of Tsvetaeva’s concepts of ‘poets with history’ and ‘poets without history.’ He believes that, from the very outset, Baranova has sided with the latter, being mostly interested in low-key lyrical poetry with its emphasis on experiences and anxieties of the inner self rather than the outside world. In contrast to her previous collections also briefly discussed in the review, her new book Where There Is Golden, There Is White [Gde zolotoe, tam i beloe] includes poems that contemplate the poet’s attitude to reality. According to Batalov, Baranova seems to have developed a better understanding of the current period with its chronological and geographical circumstances and has the power to engage in a dialogue with time on virtually equal terms, all of which makes her new book a showcase for her impressive poetic talent and versatility.
İBN KEMAL’İN DİRAYET TEFSİR YÖNTEMİNİN ÖZGÜNLÜĞÜ
Authors: Ata Mehmet Mahfuz
Published: April 2024

Âyetleri yorumlamada Ehl-i sünnet çizgisinde hareket eden ve Hanefî-Mâtürîdî mezhebinin görüşünü benimseyen İbn Kemal’in tefsiri dirayet ağırlıklı bir eserdir. Tefsirinde edebî, nahvî tahlillerin, belâgî inceliklerin ve lugavî izahların yoğun biçimde işlendiği görülmüştür. Osmanlı dönemi müfessirlerince yaygın olarak takip edilen dil, lügat ve belâgat ilimlerine ağırlık vererek Kur’ân’ı tefsir etme yöntemi, İbn Kemal tarafından geliştirilerek uygulanmıştır. Onun tefsirinde istişhat için genellikle âyet, hadis, şiir ve kıraat gibi veriler öncelikli olarak kullanılmıştır. Genelde Zemahşerî geleneğini takip eden müellifin tefsirinin en önemli kaynakları arasında el-Keşşâf ve Envârü’t-Tenzîl tefsirleri yer almaktadır. İbn Kemâl sözü edilen bu iki tefsirdeki görüşler hakkında kimi zaman detaylı incelemelerde bulunmuş, kimi zaman eleştiriler yöneltmiştir. Ayrıca o tefsirinde zikredilen eğilimleri kıraat, kelam, belâgat, lügat ve dil yönünden değerlendirmelerde bulunmuştur. Özellikle edebî sanatlarla ilgili açıklamalarında kendi tercih ve yorumlarını özlü bir şekilde ortaya koymuş, özgün yorumlar yaptığı tesbit edilmiştir. Bu çalışmada, Tefsîru İbn Kemal Paşa’nın dirâyet metodolojisindeki tefsir yöntemi ele alınmıştır. Müellifin âyetlerin amaç ve gayelerini özet bir şekilde belirtmesi, özellikle filoloji, nahiv, belâgat gibi hususlar merkeze alınarak âyetler özlü bir şekilde yorumlanması hedeflenmiştir. Ayrıca birçok bâtıl düşünceye karşı kararlı bir duruş sergilemesi, veciz üslubu, eleştirel bir metoda sahip olması, meseleleri kavrayışı ve derinlemesine işlemesi sebebiyle Tefsîru İbn Kemal Paşa incelenmeye değer bulunmuştur. Araştırma alanımız yazılı kaynakları içerdiğinden dolayı bu konuda doküman analizi yöntemi kullanılmıştır.
ALMANYA’NIN İLK MİLLÎ GÜVENLİK STRATEJİ BELGESİ
Authors: Alkanalka Mehmet
Published: April 2024

Almanya’nın ilk millî güvenlik strateji belgesi, 2023 yılında aralarında Sosyal Demokratların ve askerî konulara mesafeli duran Yeşillerin de olduğu üçlü koalisyon döneminde hazırlanarak yayımlanmıştır. Bu belge, Rusya-Ukrayna Savaşı’nın da etkisinde hazırlanmıştır ve Almanya açısından önemli bir güvenlik politikası değişimidir. Geçmişte beyaz kitap üzerinden güvenlik politikasını açıklayan Almanya’nın, ilk kez bir millî güvenlik strateji belgesi ile bunu kamuoyu ile paylaşması bile bu değişimin önemli göstergelerinden birisini teşkil etmektedir. Almanya’yı beyaz kitabı bırakarak millî güvenlik strateji belgesi hazırlamaya yönelten başat etken her ne kadar Rusya-Ukrayna Savaşı olmakla birlikte askerî güvenlik konularına mesafeli duran partilerin koalisyonu döneminde bu dönüşümün gerçekleşmiş olmasının incelenmeye değer bir konu olduğu değerlendirilmiştir. Bu makalenin amacı, Almanya’nın ilk millî güvenlik strateji belgesini hem Almanya’nın önceki strateji belgeleri olan beyaz kitapları ile hem de ABD’nin millî güvenlik strateji belgeleri üzerinden karşılaştırmalı olarak analiz ederek uluslararası ilişkiler alan yazınına katkı sağlamaktır. Bu makalede Almanya'nın millî güvenlik politikalarında bir dönüm noktası niteliğindeki ilk millî güvenlik stratejisi belgesi; neo-realizm, neo-klasik realizm teorileri ile Avrupa’daki eleştirel güvenlik teorilerinin ışığı altında, Almanya’nın 2016 Beyaz Kitabı ve 2016-2023 yılları arasında yayımlanan ABD’nin 2017 ve 2023 millî güvenlik strateji belgelerindeki tehditler ile karşılaştırmalı olarak nitel analiz metodu ile analiz edilmiştir. Bu belge, uluslararası ilişkilerde devletlerin güvenlik kaygılarının partiler üstü olduğunun somut örneklerinden birisi olarak ele alınabilir.
SANAYİ-İ NEFİSE MEKTEBİ’NDE İMTİHAN VE MÜSABAKA
Authors: Genç Süreyya
Published: April 2024

Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’nda resim sanatının gelişimi, 19. yüzyılın sonlarında hız kazanmış ve bu dönemde birçok ressam yetişmiştir. Resim sanatına yön veren dönem sanatçıları, çalışmalarını sergilemek ve birbirleriyle etkileşimde bulunmak için birçok faaliyet gerçekleştirmişlerdir. Bu faaliyetlerin başında Osmanlı Ressamlar Cemiyeti’nin kurulması gelmektedir. İlk bağımsız sanatçı grubu özelliği taşıyan bu cemiyet, ressamları bir araya getirmiş ve sanat faaliyetlerine yön vermiştir. Ayrıca cemiyetin çıkarmış olduğu gazeteyle de Osmanlı resim sanatının tanınması ve yayılmasındaki etkisi ulusal ve uluslararası sanat arenalarında dikkatleri üzerine çekmiştir. Gazetede Sanayi-i Nefise Mektebi’ne dair birçok makale yer almaktadır. Yazılar, mektebin eğitim programı, öğretmenleri ve mezunları gibi birçok konuyu ele almıştır. Osmanlı sanatının ve kültürünün mirasını, gelecek kuşaklara aktarılmasında, değerli bilgi kaynağı olmuştur. Türk resim sanatına ve eğitimine yön vermiş Sanayi-i Nefise Mektebi’nin eğitim sürecine, dönem gazetesinde yer alan bir yazı perpektifinden bakarak kavram ve sorunları ortaya koymak önemlidir. Bu önemden hareketle, 1 Haziran 1911 (17 Cemâziye’l-âhir 1329) tarihli Osmanlı Ressamlar Cemiyeti Gazetesi Heyet-i Tahririye Müdürü Şerif Abdülkadirzade Hüseyin Haşim’in kaleme aldığı “Sanayi-i Nefise Mektebi’nin İmtihan Salonunu Ziyaret” başlıklı yazı ele alınmış, nitel yöntem kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir. Sanayi-i Nefise Mektebinin 1911 yılı haziran ayında öğrenci işlerinin teşhir edildiği sınav salonu ziyareti sonrasında kaleme alınan bu yazı literatüre bağlı ele alınarak alan yazıya kaynak oluşturması amaçlanmıştır.
OSMANLI MEDRESELERİ ÜZERİNE BİR ARAŞTIRMA: 16. YÜZYIL “MANİSA SULTAN MEDRESESİ VE MURADİYE MEDRESESİ” ÖRNEKLERİ
Authors: Atalan Ozlem
Published: April 2024

Osmanlı İmparatorluğu döneminde, dini mimariye ait anıtsal yapılar, İslam ve Osmanlı kültürünün ihtiyaçlarına ve döneminin şartlarına uygun olarak şekillenmiştir. Külliyeler Osmanlı anıtsal yapılarının en önemli mimari yapıtlarıdır. Zaman içinde, bu külliyeler, tahribatlar, depremler, savaşlar, işlev farklılaşmaları, sosyo-kültürel değişimler gibi pek çok etkenlerle değişim geçirmiştir. Osmanlı medreseleri ise, bu külliyelerin önemli eğitim yapılarıdır. Medreseler, Osmanlı İmparatorluğu'nun eğitim sisteminde önemli bir rol oynayan dini ve ilmi kurumlar olmuşlardır. Medreselerinin amacı, öğrencilere dini bilgilerin yanı sıra fen ilimleri, matematik, astronomi, tıp gibi alanlarda eğitim vermek olmuştur. Osmanlı döneminde 1437-1595 yılları arasında Manisa, Osmanlı şehzadelerinin saltanata hazırlandığı bir politik kent olmuştur. Günümüzde, Şehzadeler kenti olarak bilinen Manisa, pek çok sultanın içinde bulunduğu 16 şehzadeyi yetiştirmiştir. Osmanlının geleceğini kuracak olan bu şehzadeler, Manisa'da bulundukları zaman içinde, kendileri için yapılar inşa ettirmişlerdir. Ayrıca aileleri tarafından da birçok külliye kompleksi inşa edilmiştir. Manisa'da bulunan, “Sultan ve Muradiye Külliyeleri” içinde yer alan “Sultan ya da Sultaniye Medresesi” ve “Muradiye Medresesi” Osmanlı dönemine ait önemli medrese örneklerindendir. Sultan ya da Sultaniye Külliyesi Medresesi, 1513-1520 inşa edilen külliye içinde yer almaktadır. Muradiye Medresesi ise, Sultaniye Camisi'nin yakınında, Manisa Dağı'nın hemen altında konumlanmıştır. Muradiye Camisi’nin yapım inşa süreci 1583-1586 yılları arasındadır. Bu medreseler, tarihsel süreç içerisinde, Manisa'nın tarihi ve kültürel dokusuna pek çok katkıda bulunmuş, önemli eğitim yapılarıdır. 16. yüzyıl, Sultan ve Muradiye Medreseleri’nin tarihi önemi ve mimari yapısı üzerine yapılacak bu araştırma makalesi, bu medreselerin mimarisi ve korunması üzerine araştırma yapmayı hedeflemektedir.
TÜRK ROMANINDA ESARETİN SOSYOLOJİSİ
Authors: Bayındır Tolga
Published: April 2024

Genelde sanat, özelde ise edebiyat ait olduğu toplumun sosyal, siyasi, kültürel ve hatta ekonomik hayatının bir yansımasıdır. Bu açıdan roman, sahip olduğu kurgusal yapı ve anlatma yeteneğiyle hemen her dönemde yazarların düşünce dünyasını, toplumsal değerleri, kültürel kodları ifade eden ve aktaran bir araç olmuştur. Akademik bir disiplin olarak sosyoloji, on dokuzuncu yüzyılda ortaya çıkar. Bu ortaya çıkışın temelinde değişen dünya düzeni, düşünce ve sanayi devrimi yer alır. Geleneksel değerlerin yerini kanunların almaya başladığı bir yüzyılda, artan insan sayısıyla birlikte toplum merkezli sorunların çözümünde bütüncül ve sistemli bir yol izlenmesi gerekir. Sistematiğini, Batı’da Durkheim’in şekillendirdiği sosyoloji, mevcut bilimlerin toplumsal sorunları çözmede yetersiz kaldığı bir dönemde bir zorunluluk olarak ortaya çıkar.

“Esaret ve özgürlük” hem bireysel hem de toplumsal derinliği olan kavramlardır. Bu kavramlar birey üzerinden öznel bir değerlendirmeye tabi tutulabileceği gibi toplumsal bir çoğulculuk çerçevesinde de incelenebilir. Bu çalışmada “esaret” kavramı, Türk romanına yansıyan toplumsal bir problem olarak ele alınmış ve Kazak, Kırgız ve Özbek romanlarından seçilen örnekler doğrultusunda karşılaştırmalı incelenmiştir. İnceleme için 20. yüzyılın başındaki siyasi ve sosyal olayları -özellikle 1916-1917 olayları- işleyen romanlar örnek alınmıştır. Amaç, farklı tarihlerde ve/veya coğrafyalarda yazılan bu romanlar ışığında, Türk toplumlarının tarihi süreçlerinde derin izler bırakan “esaret” kavramı ve düşüncesinin kurmaca bir tür olan romana, toplumsal derinliği olan sosyolojik bir olay olarak ne denli yansıdığının ortak izlencesini oluşturmaktır.
Seasonal dynamics of photosynthetic pigments (chlorophylls a, b and carotenoids) in woody plants of the Altai Botanical Garden
Authors:   Altai Botanical Garden, Vdovina T.A. , Lagus O.A ,   Altai Botanical Garden, Danilova A.N. ,   Altai Botanical Garden, Isakova E.A. ,   Altai Botanical Garden
Published: April 2024

This article reflects the results of studies of photosynthetic pigments (chlorophylls a, b and carotenoids) in 14 species of deciduous plants (trees and shrubs) and one coniferous Juniperus sabina L. in the Altai Botanical Garden during two growing seasons. The following species have a high accumulation of pigments: Acer tataricum L., Juglans cinerea L., Tilia cordata L., Corylus avellana L., Cotoneaster lucidus Schlecht., Lonicera tatarica L. For the coniferous species Juniperus sabina L. low levels of chlorophylls a, b and carotenoids are characteristic. Berberis thunbergii DC is also distinguished by a low accumulation of photosynthetic pigments. Minor differences between the species were noted in the content of carotenoids, twelve species were included in the group with low and medium content of this pigment. There is no definite pattern in the accumulation of carotenoids, and the data on the types and number of yellow pigments do not differ significantly. As a result of the conducted studies, a correlation was revealed between the content of carotenoids and the content of chlorophyll a in most species. The data obtained indicate the presence of species specificity in the content of chlorophylls a, b and carotenoids. Also, the photosynthetic apparatus of woody plants is sensitive to light and water conditions
Impact of cooking processes on the toxic metals, macro, and trace elements composition of Rapana venosa meat
Authors: Bayraklı Barış
Published: April 2024

This study aimed to investigate the impact of the cooking process on the metal content of Rapana venosa (rapa whelk) meat. The research analysed macro and trace elements and heavy metals to determine how cooking influenced their concentrations in the meat. The findings revealed significant changes in the composition of macro elements following cooking. Potassium (K) and sodium (Na) concentrations decreased, while magnesium (Mg) and phosphorus (P) concentrations increased. This suggested that cooking facilitated the transfer of these elements from the meat to the cooking water, thereby affecting the nutritional composition of the meat. Similarly, numerous trace elements exhibited alterations during cooking, with elements such as iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), aluminium (Al), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), selenium (Se), rubidium (Rb), tin (Sn), barium (Ba), chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), lithium (Li), molybdenum (Mo), and beryllium (Be) decreasing in concentration. In contrast, zinc (Zn) and barium (Ba) increased. The study also addressed heavy metals, where significant changes were observed in the concentrations of arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), and lead (Pb) following cooking. The results indicated that cooking had the potential to reduce the levels of these toxic heavy metals, although it also highlighted an increase in lead levels that warrants further investigation. In summary, this research provides valuable insights into the changes in the metal content of rapa whelk meat induced by the cooking process. The findings contribute to understanding this seafood's nutritional aspects and metal composition, offering potential guidance for health recommendations and inspiring future investigations in this field.
The fishing potential of Marmara Ereglisi (Tekirdag) and fishing gear used in small-scale fishing activities
Authors: Alıçlı Tuğrul Zahit
Published: April 2024

The study aims to determine the technical characteristics of fishing gear used in the small-scale fishery in Marmara Ereglisi and to give the fishing potential of Marmara Ereglisi. The study was conducted during the 2022-2023 fishing season at the Marmara Ereglisi fishing shelter. Our results are based on the surveys conducted with 14 commercial fishermen and personal observations. Accordingly, 15 different set nets (9 gill nets and 6 trammel nets), five different fishing lines, and 1 type of beam trawl were identified. In the small-scale fishing activity in Marmara Ereglisi, 38 other fish species (13 target and 36 non-target) were caught. This study concludes that small-scale fishing in Marmara Ereglisi has significant potential in the fishing gear used and the species seen. The study is the first to focus on the technical specifications of fishing gear used in Marmara Ereglisi.
Diferentes níveis de uréia adicionados à cana-de-açúcar (Saccharum officinarum L.) no momento de sua hidrólise alcalina
Authors: Reis Joemar Amaro Garcia dos , Reis Wagner dos , Macedo Vicente de Paulo , Sousa Murilo Marques de
Published: April 2024

O experimento foi desenvolvido objetivando avaliar o efeito de níveis crescentes de uréia adicionados à cana-de-açúcar hidrolisada no momento da hidrólise (0,5; 0,7; 0,9 e 1,1% na matéria natural) sobre as características relacionadas ao seu valor nutritivo. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi inteiramente casualizado, com cinco repetições. Decorrido aproximadamente 12 horas após o preparo do material, foram feitas amostragens individualizadas em todos os tratamentos para a realização da análise bromatológica. O tratamento da cana-de-açúcar com uréia juntamente com a hidrólise proporcionou melhoria no valor nutritivo da cana-de-açúcar, comprovada pela elevação do teor de proteína bruta e pela redução do conteúdo de fibra em detergente neutro.
Composição tecidual do costilhar de caprinos mestiços F1 (Boer x SRD) terminados em pastagem nativa com diferentes níveis de suplementação¹
Authors: Silva Rayana De Medeiros , Sobral Guilherme De Lira , Pereira Filho José Morais , César Marcílio Fontes , Carvalho Junior Aloísio Monteiro De , Soares Diogo Da Costa , Silva Juciana Miguel da , Batista Jouberdan Aurino , Silva José Orlando Ramos , Parentoni Roberta Nunes
Published: April 2024

The goal of this study was to evaluate the effect of the supplementation in the composition tissue rib of the goats F1 (Boer x SRD), finished in native pasture. Twenty-four goats, non-castrated, with 15 kg of mean live weight (LW) and 120 days of age were used. The experimental diets were constituted by pasture native "ad libitum" and growing levels of concentrated (0, 0,5, 1,0 and 1,5% LW in dry matter). The concentrate went to the base corn milled, bran, soy crumb, cotton pie, limestone, mineral nucleus and soy oil, seeking to assist daily earnings of 200 g for the largest supplementation level. The animals were depressed and the carcass was split up to the middle, being removed the neck, that was dissected in bone, muscle and fat. The weights of the rib, muscle, bone, total fat, fat intermuscular and yield of total fat, intermuscular fat increased lineally with the supplementation. However, the subcutaneous fat weights, of the relationship muscle-bone and the muscle yield, bone and subcutaneous fat, didn't suffer effect of the supplementation levels. Lineal reduction was observed for the relation muscle-fat. If the objective will obtain rib with larger fat yield, it is recommended supplemental the goats ones with 1,0% of the LW. However, considering the muscular income, any one of the studied levels can be indicated.
The Modern State of the Problem of Congenital Long QT Syndrome
Authors:   S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy, Tedeev T.G. ,   St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Cherkashin D.V. ,   S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy; St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Kutelev G.G. ,   S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy; St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Kachnov V.A. ,   S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy; St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Mirzoev N.T. ,   S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy; St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
Published: April 2024

Aim. To summarize the currently available information on the pathophysiological mechanisms, clinical management, diagnosis and therapeutic approaches in congenital long QT syndrome. Key points. Congenital long QT syndrome is a hereditary disease characterized by an increased ventricles repolarization time, and, consequently, a lengthening of the QT interval on the electrocardiogram. It is accompanied by fatal cardiac arrhythmias, episodes of syncope and cases of sudden cardiac death. Sixteen genes associated with hereditary long QT syndrome have been described, and genetic testing has become an integral part of the diagnosis of this pathology and risk stratification. Conclusion. New knowledge about the structure of these proteins contributes to a deeper understanding of the problem of channelopathy, in particular, long QT syndrome, which is the most well-studied of this group of diseases. In addition, continued progress in understanding the genetic basis and mechanisms of development of long QT syndrome leads to the emergence of more effective, targeted, individualized treatment strategies for the syndrome. Keywords: congenital long QT syndrome, еlectrocardiography, long QT interval, torsades de pointes, ion channels, ventricular tachycardiа.
AL-amyloidosis in a Female Patient with a Comorbide Pathology: Challenges with Diagnosis
Authors:   Kazan State Medical University, Maksudova A.N. ,   Kazan, Russian Federation, Khalfina T.N. ,   Kazan State Medical University; Kazan, Russian Federation, Nurullina G.I. ,   Kazan State Medical University; Kazan, Russian Federation, Khidiyatova A.F. ,   Kazan State Medical University; Kazan, Russian Federation, Levina S.M. ,   Kazan State Medical University; Kazan, Russian Federation, Islamova G.M. ,   Republican Clinical Hospital; Kazan, Russian Federation
Published: April 2024

Aim. To discuses challenges with diagnosis of primary AL-amyloidosis as exemplified by a case study; to analyse the key steps of diagnostic search of systemic amyloidosis in a female patient with a comorbidity. Key points. In an elderly woman complaining of generalised oedema, shortness of breath, arterial hypertension, at an early stage of diagnostic search, assumptions were made that her oedema was caused by cardiac disorders and that she had congestive heart failure. Given urinary syndrome, azotemia, hypoproteinaemia diagnosed during an initial examination in a district hospital, the patient was referred to the Nephrology Department of the Republican Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Tatarstan, where a comprehensive staged follow-up examination confirmed AL-amyloidosis with kidney, liver, heart involvement. Conclusion. We have demonstrated challenges with timely diagnosis of systemic amyloidosis as exemplified by a case study in an elderly patient with a comorbidity. Keywords: AL-amyloidosis, elderly age, nephrotic syndrome.
Selective Immunoglobulin A Deficiency Associated with Immunoglobulin G4 Deficiency in Adult Patient
Authors:   M.F. Vladimirsky Moscow Regional Research Clinical Institute, Moskalets O.V. ,   Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: April 2024

Aim. To demonstrate the possibility of developing primary immunodeficiency with impaired antibody synthesis in an adult patient and discuss the algorithm for laboratory diagnostics and treatment tacticsto demonstrate the possibility of developing primar hypoimmunoglobulinemia after a course of imunosupressive therapy. Key points. Primary immunodeficiencies are a group of diseases associated with monogenic mutations. They do not have a typical clinical picture. A clinical observation is presented, when a selective deficiency of immunoglobulin A in combination with a selective deficiency of the subclass of immunoglobulin G was detected in a patient with chronic bronchopulmonary pathology. Clinical and laboratory criteria for diagnosis and treatment tactics are discussed. Сonclusion. Primary immunodeficiencies are often hidden by infectious masks. It is necessary to study serum immunoglobulins, with their normal levels or selective deficiency of immunoglobulin A, to additionally investigate the content of subclasses of immunoglobulin G. Keywords: primary immunodeficiency, selective immunoglobulin A deficiency, immunoglobulin G subclass deficiency.
Role of Furin Activation Sites as Receptors for Invasion of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 Into Human Cells
Authors: Shareef BM , Joshi Vinod , Angel Bennet , Angel Annette , Sharma Bhawna , Singh Neha , Barthwal Shilpa , Khaneja Poorna , Peer Nuzhat Maqbool , Khan Ambreen , Joshi Ramesh , Yadav Kiran , Tomar Komal , Singh Satendra Pal
Published: April 2024

Objective: The severe acute type of respiratory distress caused by Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was responsible for the global pandemic of 2019. While most of the focus of vaccine/drug molecules is on the receptor, there are certain enzymes that also need to be checked. Cell surface proteases are one of these. Activation of the virus spike protein becomes more complicated when many host proteases are involved. As many Variants of Concerns have been reported in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), this study aimed to understand the proteolytic function of Furin in each, and its involvement in virus-host interaction. Material and Methods: Spike Protein sequence alignment, furin cleavage site prediction of variants: Wuhan, Alpha (B.1.1.7), Beta (B.1.351), Gamma (P.1), Delta (B.1.617.2) and Omicron (B.1.1.529), and protein-protein docking studies have been undertaken using appropriate bioinformatics tools. Results: It was observed that when compared to previous variations, the November 2021, outbreak of Omicron variant showed 50 amino acid substitutions in the Spike protein. Thus, in addition to the Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE-2) receptor, the role of virus binding sites to act as “Addition Receptors” for viral entry has been reported here. Conclusion: It was observed that substitution of basic amino acids in the Omicron variant may be responsible for the recognition of furin cleavage sites and the presence of furin cleavage site in the receptor binding domain (RBD) region will thus enhance viral transmission. If these sites are utilized in formulation of new drugs/vaccine molecules to target the furin hydrolyse sites, we may be able to add to the existing course of COVID-19 treatment.
Research Trends of Atomic Layer Deposition of Metal Nitrides and Their Applications in Semiconductor Industry
Authors: Lee Jayeong , Choi Boyun , Ahn Junhyeok , Jeon Nari
Published: April 2024

With the recent advances in nanotechnology and the semiconductor industry, the study of nitride thin films has become increasingly important in the fields of electronic devices, optical devices, and nanomaterials research. Various methods have been used to synthesize nitride thin films, among which ALD stands out as a deposition technique capable of yielding high-quality thin films at lower temperatures via sequential self-limiting surface treatments. As the need for high-quality thin film deposition at the nanoscale and highly conformal thin films has emerged, the deposition of metal nitride thin films by ALD has been actively researched, encompassing hafnium nitride, aluminum nitride, titanium nitride, zirconium nitride, and silicon nitride. In this review, we will discuss the current landscape of research pertaining to metal nitride thin films prepared by ALD.