bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The United States and the overthrow of Kwame Nkrumah
Authors:   , Quaidoo Eric
Published: February 2023

February 24, 1966 is regarded by many Ghanaians as the Waterloo in the history of Ghana, and Ghanaians would not like it to be mentioned so as to rekindle old wounds considering the hardships the country went through from that period until accepting democratic rule in the early 1990s. On that fateful day the first Republic of Ghana was overthrown in a military coup d’état when the first President, Dr. Kwame Nkrumah, was on a peacemaking mission in Vietnam. Most Ghanaians and Africans continue to point accusing fingers at the United States for this unfortunate incident that brought not only the newly born nation to the brink of collapse but also brought the dream of a united Africa into jeopardy. Ghana was the first country in sub-Saharan Africa to gain independence, and the two super powers that emerged after the Second World War—the United States and the Soviet Union—and later the People’s Republic of China endeavored to have positive relations with Ghana in order to implant their ideologies not only in Ghana but in the African continent at large. Ghana after independence soon became a Cold War battle ground in the propaganda warfare between the East and the West. In order to stand aside from the Cold War, the government of Ghana from the first days of independence took a non-aligned stand and promised to establish good relations with all countries of the world, irrespective of the political systems of their governments. Some of the policies and actions taken later by the Ghanaian government were translated by the United States to mean that Ghana had moved from its entrenched non-aligned stand to the Soviet Bloc. The perceived defection created a gulf between Ghana and the United States. The tension between the two nations and unrest at home became more tense and fraught with grave complications and was culminated in a coup d’état that eventually toppled Nkrumah’s administration.
An awareness of existence
Authors:   , Cross David
Published: February 2023

This thesis Is a statement in painting, and It attempts to convey what the artist feels - visually. The paintings are his form of written language. The artist uses only those forms which fulfill his own need. He is not only justified In using them, but is under a moral obligation to do so. Colors are not used because they are true to nature but because they are necessary to the particular picture. Freedom from anatomy or anything else of the kind must be given to the artist in his painting. It Is the freedom that Is necessary in life as well as art. From the initial object to the final perception can be found steps that make us what we are . . . individuals. The use of past experience and Intelligence, and how one sees color and line, light and dark, are the physical laws the artist attempts to correlate with all levels of consciousness. The artist realizes that the paintings themselves are visual experience controlling devices, but he has selected certain impressions which he feels are significant for particular visual experiences and disregarded those which are irrelevant. The media used In the paintings Is oil. Oil paint was chosen because It was felt that the physical characteristics of oil paint and Its application best act as interpreters. In some of the examples the colors and forms blend together producing a hazy effect, and a lack of detail which is left to the Imagination of the observer. In some of the paintings, the artist has tried to lift the observer off the ground and show him a different perspective (as in a birds-eye view). In others, he has tried impressions of nature in color. But for the most part, the artist has tried to show an expression of a slowly formed inner feeling. He hopes to arouse In the observer an awareness of his own existence, sensations, thoughts and environment. He has shown this by creating images which he feels are significant in this process.
A Survey of the Methods Used by Small Municipalities to Attract Industries
Authors:   , Bean Roger
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this study was two-fold. First, to determine what the cities of Western Kansas are doing to attract industry and what industries already located in Western Kansas looked for when they chose a particular city in which to locate. Second, the study will, hopefully, provide a guide to cities in preparing themselves as a site for industry. The method of obtaining information for this study consisted of three phases. First, personal interviews with various Chamber of Commerce managers and a number of businessmen; second, mailed questionnaires to forty-eight Chambers of Commerce or other civic organizations that would support their cities and thirty-three questionnaires to industries located in the cities of Western Kansas; third, pertinent published information was compiled as a base and guide line for the data obtained from the questionnaires. Once all of this information was gathered, it was put together in chapter from stressing the various factors affecting industrialization of a city. The problem of attracting industry to a small city is of critical importance to many small municipalities of Western Kansas. The problem involves many factors including labor, taxes, transportation, government, community attitude, and resources. The importance of the various factors vary from industry to industry according to their position in the various industries’ cost structure. In doing research on and study of this problem, the writer found that cities interested in attracting industry should stress their strong points and work to improve their weak points while seeking those industries that consider the cities strong points vital to the film’s existence. For the city to be successful in attracting industry, it can expect the effort to be time-consuming and expensive. However, the study has shown that in the long run the cities willing to put forth this effort have been well rewarded.
Humanized container forms in clay which explore a contrast between thrown and handbuilt techniques
Authors:   , Solt Elden
Published: February 2023

The clay body used to develop the thesis forms was composed of one part Hawthorn clay, one part Jordan clay, one part Ball clay, one part Fire Clay, and one to two part s fine grog. All work was bisque fired at cone 07 and glaze fired in a heavy reduction atmosphere at cone 9. Several works were sprayed with a dark glaze, wiped clean on high surfaces, then reglazed with lighter glazes. The glazes were mostly feldspar bases with coloring oxides of red iron, manganese, cobalt, and copper. The glaze surf aces range from mat to glossy. Several works were reglazed as many as three times before achieving the effect desired. The spray gun was used for glaze application except for the interiors of some small necked pieces, which were glazed by the pouring technique.
Coaches' Attitudes Toward Female Certified Athletic Trainers
Authors:   , Cox Jodi
Published: February 2023

The purpose of the researcher was to investigate coaches’ attitudes toward female certified athletic trainers. The independent variables investigated were: gender, age, years of collegiate coaching experience, employing institution, sport(s) coached, and work experience with a female certified athletic trainer. The dependent variable was scores form the Women as Trainers Scale. The sample consisted of 88 men and 19 women. Five composite null hypotheses were tested employing a three-way analysis of variance (general linear model). A total of 18 comparisons plus 15 recurring comparisons were made. OF the 18 comparisons, six were for main effects. Two of the main effects were statically detectable at the .05 level. The results of the present study appeared to support the following generalizations: 1. Female coaches reported a more positive attitude toward female certified athletic trainers than did male coaches. 2. Coaches who have worked two times or daily with a female certified athletic trainer reported a more positive attitude toward female certified athletic trainers than those who had only worked with them one time. 3. There was no association between age and attitudes toward female certified athletic trainers. 4. There was no association between years of collegiate coaching experience and attitudes toward female certified athletic trainers. 5. There was no association between employing institution type and attitudes toward female certified athletic trainers. 6. There was no association between sport(s) coached and attitudes toward female certified athletic trainers.
In the Flow of Life
Authors:   , Johnson Dorothy
Published: February 2023

My goal is to treat the whole of life – the manner in which I move, work, love, and live – as art, as a creative process. Therapy is a process of changing awareness and behavior. Creativity and psychotherapy are interconnected at a fundamental level: transformation, metamorphosis, change.
Some Physical and Chemical Properties of Wheat Starch In Relationship To The Maturity of The Wheat
Authors:   , Bice Claude
Published: February 2023

Wheat is one of the most valuable of economic plants and is grown extensively throughout the world. Because of the unique chemical and physical properties of its gluten, 'Wheat is superior to all other cereals for bread making. Its high starch content provides a tremendous source of energy as a food, as well as filling certain industrial starch needs, especially in textile manufacturing . The present study on properties of immature and mature wheat starches should be of inestimable worth for evaluation of damaged wheats for starch production, as well as for yielding fundamental information which may facilitate the use of normal mature wheats .
The Latino Student Perception of Their Experience at Fort Hays State University
Authors:   , Esquivel Sonia
Published: February 2023

The purpose of the researcher was to Investigate Latino college student development according to Arthur Chickering's developmental vectors. The sample consisted of 84 Latino undergraduate students at Fort Hays State University. The independent variables investigated were gender, age, classification, transfer status, and language status. The dependent variables were scores from the eight scales of the Developmental Questionnaire. Three composite null hypotheses were tested employing a three-way analysis of variance (general linear model) at the .050 level. A total of 128 comparisons were made with 40 being main effects and 88 being interactions. The results indicated that for the 40 main effects 3 were statistically significant at the .050 level. The statistically significant main effects were the following: 1. the independent variable gender and the dependent variable Managing Emotions, 2. the independent variable transfer status and the dependent variable Developing Integrity, and 3. the independent variable transfer status and the dependent variable Total Of the 88 interactions, 3 were statistically significant at the .050 level. The following interactions were statistically significant: 1. the independent variables gender and age for the dependent variable Developing Competence. 2. the independent variables class and transfer status for the dependent variable Developing Purpose, and 3. the independent variables age and language status for the dependent variable Moving Through Autonomy toward Interdependence. The results of the present study appeared to support the following generalizations: 1. females learn to manage their emotions faster than males. 2. native students develop integrity faster than transfer students, 3. native students had a greater total development than transfer students, 4. gender and age should be interpreted concurrently for developing competency, 5. classification and transfer status should be interpreted concurrently for developing purpose. 6. age and language should be interpreted concurrently for moving through autonomy toward interdependence, and 7. the students in this sample have typical development.
Revelations of Mennonite Tombstone Epitaphs in Marion County, Kansas
Authors:   , Merritt George
Published: February 2023

The thesis contained in the following pages represents an attempt to demonstrate that the tombstones of the Mennonites of Marion County, Kansas, reveal the acculturation of this group in many ways: in language, in the practice of naming children, in the usage of art and symbols on the tombstones, in their reaction to military service, in length of epitaphs, and in sources of epitaphs. But it is more than that, for at the same time the thesis also attempts to demonstrate that the tombstones and epitaphs of any group can be and are a fruitful source of information about that group. Although historical and sociological data are in many cases also obtained by the study, my primary concern has been with the field of folklore.
Factors Necessary in Developing a Functional Shop and Home Mechanics Course For Junior High Girls
Authors:   , Fisher Dale
Published: February 2023

The primary purpose of the investigation was to develop a functional shop and home mechanics course for junior high school girls. A secondary purpose was the determining of the grade level in which to present the course to junior high school girls. A questionnaire was used to gather data from seventy-two former girl students who had taken shop for at least one year during the school years 1952 through 1963. Fifty-two girls returned the questionnaire which was a response of 71.1 per cent. Eighty-five activities were included in the survey. This questionnaire was developed from a review of the literature in the industrial arts field. A review of the literature was used to establish the most opportune time for presenting the course. Criteria used to determine course content were: 1. Jobs which were checked by over 60 per cent of the former girl students should be in the course content. 2. Jobs which were selected by at least 40 per cent but by less than 60 per cent, of the former students, should be used as supplementary material at a later time. 3. Jobs chosen by less than 40 per cent of the former students should be dropped from the course list. On the basis of the data obtained, forty-two activities were selected for shop and home mechanics course material. The items chosen were in the following numerical rank: Upholstery, with three items; plumbing, with four items; finishing, seven activities; electricity, with four items; miscellaneous, with nine items; automobiles, seven items; and woodworking with seven activities. It was apparent from the replies received, that the former students considered shop an important part of the school curriculum. The respondents who were older seemed to prefer a more practical course of work. The younger members did not want the course curriculum to become too practical as they wished art and hobby crafts to be emphasized also. Nearly 60 per cent of the respondents thought the shop course should be a required course for at least one year. From a review of the literature and partial data from the respondents, it appeared that the shop course should be given during the eighth grade. Nearly 80 per cent of the respondents were in favor of giving grades for all shop work completed. Woodworking ranked last in order of popularity so it would seem that this phase should be emphasized less than other areas. A review of the literature seems to indicate a definite trend toward girls being more actively involved in the industrial arts program. School administrators are becoming more concerned with providing some type of industrial arts experience for junior high girls.
Painting and Structure
Authors:   , Brown Lewis
Published: February 2023

The idea of my work is to remove image making as the goal of the piece. It must be an object in itself and not a picture or representation of a real thing.
Voice Pitch Influences on Teaching Evaluations and Student Learning
Authors:   , Augustin Thomas
Published: February 2023

Prior research in the realm of marketing and voting behaviors have indicated how voice pitch can have an impact on consumers’ and voters’ perception of personality characteristics. With the rise of online lectures, this study examined the impact of voice pitch, gender of a professor, and the subject taught on professor evaluation and student learning. The study simulated an online lecture where participants listened to a prerecorded lesson of Generalized Anxiety Disorder or Standard Deviation. This study looked to see if different voice pitch (high pitch, low pitch) of opposing genders (male, female) would have an effect on a student’s perception of the professor and comprehension of the material. By examining the results of a self-created professor evaluation and a self-created quiz based on the lecture, this study suggested voice pitch, gender of a professor, and subject taught have a significant effect on the student’s evaluation of the professor. However, no significant interaction effect was found. In addition, the subject taught and the interaction between the subject and gender of a professor had a significant effect on the student’s comprehension of the lecture. This study provides insight into the realm of online education identifying voice pitch, gender, and subject may have an effect on a student’s evaluation of a professor and comprehension of the material.
A Threshold Theory of the U.A.R. Experiment
Authors:   , Bahr Kenneth
Published: February 2023

In this paper an integration theory is used combining the threshold theory of Stanley Hoffman and the crisis theory of Louis Pye. The threshold theory maintains that there are propitious times in history when national and international goals of integration are more likely to be achieved. Consequently, integration, if not achieved at that advantageous moment, will fail or fall back to a more basic unit. The crisis theory of Louis Pye suggests a six crisis applicable to a nation’s growth ranging from a legitimacy crisis to a distribution crisis. The ability to handle these crises, preferably in a sequential manner, determines the ability of a nation to establish itself as a viable political community. The combination of these two theories result in a more through explanation of why the U.A.R. disintegrated when it did. Such an application of these theories explains the disintegration as an unavoidable conflict of crises occurring at a decisive period in the history of the U.A.R.
The Life of George Buchanan with a Translation of Two Latin Satires
Authors:   , Giebler Patrick
Published: February 2023

George Buchanan, a sixteenth-century classicist and Scottish satirist, seems to be a long-forgotten writer. For some reason his name and his works are known only to a few today. Nevertheless, in his own lifetime and even through the eighteenth century, his influence touched not only the literary scholars of Scotland, but also those of other countries.
Patient Satisfaction with Nurse Practitioner Caring at Nurse-Managed Centers
Authors:   , Moody Maren
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this investigation was to examine patient satisfaction with nurse practitioner care and caring at two selected rural nurse-managed healthcare centers in a mid-west county. This investigation was a partial replication of a study done by Bear and Bowers (1998). A descriptive convenience survey design was utilized that targeted subjects who were being cared for by a nurse practitioner at one of two healthcare centers included in this investigation. Watson's science of caring theory provided the theoretical framework for this investigation and fit well with the research questions. The Client Satisfaction Tool (CST) measured the degree of satisfaction for a convenience sample (N = 30, n = 15 each site, 100% rate of return) of patients. The findings indicated that patients strongly agreed or agreed to all of the statements on the CST, indicating a high level of patient satisfaction with nurse practitioner care. A one-way ANOVA indicated no statistically significant differences between the two sites by the probability of 0.2829 (p > .05) Moody's Demographic Information Sheet was used to identify information about the subjects which included gender, age, ethnicity, and whether subjects had ever been a patient at the healthcare center. The average subject was female, age 40 - 49 years, white, and an established patient. The demographic variables were not found to affect the level of patient satisfaction with nurse practitioner caring. However, because of the small sample size and location, the findings cannot be generalized to a larger population or to urban settings. Since findings from this investigation revealed that patients were very satisfied with the nurse practitioner care and caring received, it is believed that nurse practitioner rural advanced practice activities are supported. This investigation, along with other literature, documents a high patient satisfaction with nurse practitioner care and caring. Recommendations for future research include: replication of this investigation to include a larger sample and multiple sites and continuing to use Watson's science of caring theory; emphasis on appropriate caring behaviors toward patients in rural nurse practitioner education; and that nurse practitioners should continue to develop, emphasize and practice nurse caring behaviors. The relationship between nurse practitioner caring and patient satisfaction is meaningful and of value to both the patient and the nurse practitioner.
The Effect of Fatigue on the Genu Recurvatum in Collegiate and Intramural Athletes
Authors:   , Domann Candace
Published: February 2023

The purpose of the study was to examine the effect of fatigue on genu recurvatum in collegiate and intramural athletes. The degree of genu recurvatum was determined for each participant prior to and following fatigue. The participants for this investigation were eighteen (9 males and 9 females) college age men and women. Each participant was selected based upon participation in collegiate and/or intramural athletics at Fort Hays State University during the 2000-2001 school year. All participants were included in the data analysis. The General Linear Model Repeated measures design was implemented to provide a means to examine repeated measure differences within participants (male and female) and ascertain if genu recurvatum comparison differences existed between the male and female groups at the .05 level. In this study, the dependent variables under investigation were the measures of genu recurvatum. The experimental condition involved the repeated measure of genu recurvatum prior to fatigue (pretest) and following the fatigue protocol (posttest). The fatigue protocol employed a modified Naughton-Balke treadmill protocol using a Trackmaster treadmill. All genu recurvatum measurements were obtained using the Peak performance Milton Analysis System (2D) after participants stabilized into a one-leg balance stance prior to and following fatigue. The analysis of the effect of fatigue on genu recurvatum showed no significance either between-participants effects of within-participants contrasts. Although not significant the female mean difference between pre-fatigue and post-fatigue measurements showed the greatest increase in genu recurvatum as compared to the male and the entire group when combined.
Curriculum-Based Assessment of a Tutoring Program Adapted from the Parents as Reading Tutors Program
Authors:   , Sprowls Marilyn
Published: February 2023

The present field study was an archival study that used an adapted version of the Parents as Reading Tutors program utilizing cross-age tutors instead of parents. The study was conducted by a school psychologist employed by the Hays Unified School District. Participants in the study included 40 second grade students enrolled in a five week summer school session. Twenty of these participants were randomly assigned to the treatment group and 20 to the control group. However, only 22 students were included in the study at the end of the tutoring sessions after subject drop out. Students were administered pre- and post-test curriculum-based measurement probes at the beginning and at the conclusion of the study. Actual tutoring sessions consisted of students reading orally from age appropriate reading books of their choice. Students were excluded from the study if they did not participate in either pre- or post-testing, or d1d not participate in at least one-half of the reading tutoring sessions. After participant drop out, eleven of these subjects remained in the reading tutoring group, and 11 remained in the control group. Informed consent of the participants was obtained by a letter written to each student's parents upon enrollment into the summer school program. The study was conducted during the five-week time span that summer school was in session. Gains in reading fluency rate were measured by pre-and post-test curriculum-based measurement reading scores. This study attempted to demonstrate that a tutoring program in reading improves student's oral reading fluency scores. Results indicated no significant difference between the treatment and control groups on improvement in reading fluency rates, or between the number of days the students received peer tutoring and the subsequent gains in reading fluency rate.
Studies in figurative wood sculpture
Authors:   , Dexter Kraig
Published: February 2023

Three topics are specifically mentioned in the title, studies, figurative (subject matter), and wood sculpture, each topic being essential in my discussion of efforts in art. Being a student with intentions in three-dimensional art, I came to the conclusion that if I were to be very capable in sculpture, I would have to plan each project as an educational process in itself. Being able to see improvement on my part, through exposure and dealing with difficulty by degrees was and is essential to my development. Keeping this in mind, and realizing one of the few limitations of a student, time, the learning experience itself often outweighed the importance of my artistic statement. I will leave to Art historians the job of interpreting the significance of the human figure as a subject for the artist. Let it be sufficient to say, that I've found the figure a subject which lends me a chance to learn, improve and maybe strive for perfection. Wood carving is basically, in the carvers tradition, subtractive. However, lamination, adding wood where you want it by gluing, is not only practical but time saving. Laminating woods means that color contrasts within a form can be achieved by gluing different woods together. The problem of checking in wood (cracks), is virtually eliminated due to laminating kiln dried lumber. Carving in log stock, where the form is limited within the dimensions of the log, is another, perhaps truer, test of control and planning. Problems exist in carving log stock. Once too much wood is removed it rarely can be replaced satisfactorily. Checking is almost a trait in carving log stock, infrequently can a log carving be found with no cracks. To say either form of subtraction is of a higher level is not my intention. It is my intent to state that both methods are available to the student as tools for learning. When the subject matter is figurative, it is important to remember darker woods do not reflect light detail in the same way as lighter varieties. Dark woods used in contrast to light woods afford linear and tonal contrasts. Linear qualities can also be achieved by using woods with pronounced grain patterns. Textures and finishes can be used in capturing light to sculptural advantage. Smooth, creamy finishes take light and reflect it evenly over a flowing area or fleck texturing can break up light into small patterns of light and dark. With all the cosmetic devices that can be used, it is really wood's innate beauty which can turn weakness into strength. Awareness in figurative wood sculpture seems to be directly proportionate to my exposure, instruction from the experienced and my ability in wood to show some improvement. It is that bit of magic, that improvement brings, which carries me to higher levels of development.
Concept Learning and Relearning As Related to The Frequency of Supporting Stimuli
Authors:   , Dirks Keith
Published: February 2023

This research was designed to investigate concept learning and relearning as related to the frequency of supporting stimuli. The specific problems were the following: (1) Does the presence of stimuli supporting the formation of inconsistent concepts influence the amount of effort required to learn and relearn consistent concepts? (2) Will concepts be learned in proportion to the number of words suggesting their formation? (3) What are the individual differences in concept formation?
Management Style and Staff Nurse Job Satisfaction in Rural Hospitals
Authors:   , Barker Rita
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this investigation is to identify the perceived and desired management styles of rural hospital staff nurses and the relationship to job satisfaction.
Control Methods and Management for Black-Tailed Prairie Dogs (Cynomys Ludovicianus) in Northwestern Kansas
Authors:   , Karl Michael
Published: February 2023

Poison grain (2% zinc phosphide and 0.44% strychnine oats), shooting, and deferred grazing were used to control black-tailed prairie dogs in northwestern Kansas. The efficiencies of these three methods were evaluated. Primary poisoning of black-tailed prairie dogs and primary and secondary poisoning of non-target species were monitored after the poison grain (0. 44' strychnine oats) treatments. Small mammals (mice) were livetrapped before and after poisoning to ascertain whether primary poisoning occurred. Carcasses of prairie dogs or non-target species were not located aboveground after the zinc phosphide treatments but were located aboveground after the strychnine treatments; therefore, hazards of secondary poisoning probably were greater after the strychnine treatments. Primary poisoning of northern grasshopper mice (Onychomys leucogaster) from 0.44% strychnine did not occur but primary poisoning of hispid pocket mice (Perognathus hispidus) occurred and primary poisoning of deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus) was suspected but not proven. Raptors consumed carcasses of strychnine-poisoned prairie dogs but did not show any obvious effects of poison ingestion. Shooting achieved localized control of prairie dog. But localized extermination was not achieved because social disruption and intracolony dispersal occurred. Prairie dog numbers and activity increased during the deferred grazing treatment in spite of a significant (P < 0.0001) increase in above ground phytomass on the test area as compared with a control area. Best control of black-tailed prairie dogs was achieved with the poison grain (0.44* strychnine) treatment, only limited control was achieved with the shooting treatment, and zero control was achieved with the deferred grazing treatment. Cost of control was highest with the deferred grazing treatment and lowest with the poison grain treatment.
Systematics and Biostratigraphy of the Early Hemphillian Bemis Local Fauna, Ellis County, Kansas
Authors:   , Tallan Margaret
Published: February 2023

The Bemis local fauna is located in Ellis County, Kansas. Eleven mammalian taxa (1 mole, 1 dog, 1 leptarctine, 1 elephant, 3 horses, 2 rhinoceroses, 1 peccary, and 1 camel) are recognized in the fauna, which represents an accumulation around a watering hole. A late early Hemphill1an age is suggested for the fauna based on the presence of Aelurodon validus and Leptarctus. The Leptarctus material represents a new species due to its large size and loss of the P2. The Bemis local fauna is the first early Hemphillian fauna reported from central Kansas.
Snowy Plover Nest Density and Reproductive Success at Great Salt Lake, Utah
Authors:   , Edwards Christian
Published: February 2023

Throughout much of its range, Snowy Plover (Charadrius alexandrines nivosus) numbers have been declining over the past two decades. In fact, the Pacific Coast population has been designated as “Threatened” under the Endangered Species Act. Inland populations also have experienced declines and have been given \Priority Status\ by many bird conservation organizations and state wildlife agencies. The expansive mudflats and playas of the Great Salt Lake shoreline provide ideal breeding habitat for the Snowy Plover. In 2008, I investigated the breeding biology of Snowy Plover at three study sites at Great Salt Lake. Areas with a high probability of nesting sites were selected based on substrate type, vegetative growth, and proximity to water, in addition to bird abundance and activity. Nests were located by observing parental behavior, cues indicative of nesting and systematically searching nearby areas. I evaluated microhabitat characteristics associated with possible nest-site selection and density-dependent factors affecting nest success. The combined area of the three study sites totaled 1350 ha, and the mean number of nests per ha equaled 0.08. I located a total of 112 nests and was able to assess the fate of the majority (n=109; 97%) Sixty-five of the 109 nests were determined to have at least one young hatch successfully, resulting in an apparent nesting success of 60% (95% CI: 50 - 69%). Mayfield estimates were determined with 1,558 exposure days and resulted in 46% (95% CI: 37 - 58%) nesting success and 97% (95% CI: 96 - 98%) daily survival probability. A total of 44 nests failed during the 2008 breeding season. Predation was the cause of failure for 86% of the unsuccessful nests; 9% of the nests failed due to flooding; and 5% were due to an unknown cause. When all sites are combined, green vegetation cover at nests was significantly different between successful and preyed upon nests (F = 33.9, df= 101, t=3.41. P = 0.001); green vegetation around nests was 7% higher at successful nests compared to preyed upon nests. No other general relationships in nest surroundings were observed between successful and preyed upon nests. Data collected during the 2008 breeding season at Great Salt Lake will assist in further understanding the breeding biology of inland populations of Snowy Plover.
Shorebird Migration at Cheyenne Bottoms, Kansas, 01/01/1961-01/01/1962
Authors:   , Ferguson Willard
Published: February 2023

Research was conducted August 21, 1961, through July 12, 1961, at Cheyenne Bottoms, a 12,900 acre marsh in Barton County, Kansas. The object was to determine the relative numbers, status of nesting species and migration peaks and periods of shorebirds of the suborder Charadrii, order Charadriiformes. Visits were made frequently and observations were conducted throughout the area from dike roads which possess adjacent shore habitat desirable for shorebirds. The vehicle served as a blind in making most identifications. Some identifications were verified by collecting specimens. Approximately 71,000 shorebirds of 28 different species were observed during both fall and spring migrations. Twenty species totaled approximately 4,600 individuals during fall while 24 species totaled approximately 66,000 shorebirds during spring migration. October 2 through 10 was the principal fall migration period. The principal spring migration periods were April 20, May 1 through 7, and May 22 through 25. Only four species were observed nesting at Cheyenne Bottoms during the spring of 1962. Dowitchers and White-rumped Sandpipers made - up much of the fall and spring shorebird totals, respectively. The Sanderling was found to be more numerous than previously believed. A correlation appeared to exist between weather conditions and the May 1 migration peak. Five species reached peak numbers during this date.
Black Light : Chaos and Order in Invisible Man
Authors:   , Brin Paula
Published: February 2023

In spite of all the critical analyses and reviews of Ralph Ellison's Invisible Man, none have emphasized the very important presentation and alternation of chaos in the novel. The concept of chaos which Ralph Ellison has dramatized in Invisible Man is that of the extraordinary multiplicity and diversity of reality, a variety necessarily precluding the adequacy of any pattern or order which anyone tries to abstract from or impose upon it. In other words, the natural state of the world (reality) is basically chaotic, and existing order in it is derived wholly by man's attempts to impose narrow, exclusive patterns on this chaos. The novel’s movement comes in the form of both a quest and a flight, a search for identity which arrives at the conclusion that the protagonist, typifying all men, is invisible (“I am a man of substance… I am invisible, understand, simply because people refuse to see me.”), and its final discovery is an existential one: the world is not sane, but mad; not ordered, but chaotic; not meaningful, but absurd. The final position of Ellison’s protagonist is a recognition of reality with all its chaotic diversity and fluidity; he finally recognizes the artificiality of existing societal forms, rejects various false identities, establishes a realistic identity of his own, and accepts the existence of chaos as the fundamental condition of the world. Through a careful analysis of chaos and order and their relations to other structural and thematic elements of the novel, I hope to discount statements by Marcus Klein, Irving Howe, and others, who contend that the optimistic ending of Invisible Man is unwarranted and contradictory to what Ellison has elsewhere asserted in the novel. On the contrary, the protagonist's optimism is a reasonable expression and logical outgrowth of the struggle with chaos and order through which he has passed in the novel.
The Biblical Lyric In The Light Of Literary Criticism
Authors:   , Brown Forrest
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this thesis is to judge the Biblical lyric as a work of literature in the light of those principles of criticism which have been accepted as the standards of judgement for all good literature.
Locus of Control as a Developmental Construct
Authors:   , Norton Warren
Published: February 2023

A total of 42 comparisons plus 42 recurring comparisons were made. Twelve of the 42 were for main effects and 30 were interactions. Of the 12 main effects, 2 were statistically significant at the .05 level. The 2 significant main effects were for income and the dependent variable internal and education and the dependent variable chance. The results indicated the following for main effects: (1) participants in the middle income group ($20,000 - $49,000) represented a higher mean internal score than those at either end of the income scale; (2) the participants with some college and college degrees (the two highest education levels) reported higher mean chance scores than those in the lowest educational group. Of the 30 interactions, 3 were statistically significant at the .05 level. The statistically significant interactions were the following: (1) gender and income for the dependent variable chance; (2) education and income for the dependent variable chance; and (3) age and income for the dependent variable chance.
Negative Space
Authors:   , Hampton Amber
Published: February 2023

A collection of graphic design and advertising samples.
Effective Communication Between the Student Radiologic Technologist and Patient
Authors:   , Neseth Roland
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this study was designed to determine if the perceptions of effective communication between student radiographer and patients are comparable. Effectiveness of communication was evaluated by submitting the source credibility scale to patients and student radiographer. The source credibility scale was divided into two categories each containing seven items referring to the radiology student's character and authoritativeness. The modified version of McCroskey's source credibility scale was administered to 20 radiography students and 114 patients. The radiology student survey contained additional questions to determine situations where communication was challenging and number of formal communication courses. All surveys included demographic information, age, and sex. Statistical tests were completed to determine relationships between responding surveys. The results of this study revealed patients ranked radiology students high in areas of character and authoritativeness. Statistically, radiology students ranked themselves lower in authoritativeness and higher in character. Results of the research revealed no statistically significant relationship between sex of the technologists and positive response of the survey, or between number of formal communication courses and positive response of the patient surveys.
Gang Membership as a Predictor of Crime Severity Recidivism, and Drug Involvement at a Kansas Juvenile Correctional Facility
Authors:   , Hoffman Penny
Published: February 2023

This study examined if a relationship exists between gang association and drug involvement, crime severity, and recidivism. Data consisting of extent of gang involvement, drug involvement, crime severity, and recidivism, as well as, demographic data (age, race, and religious preference) was collected for 200 youths most recently housed at a state juvenile correctional facility. Results supported the hypothesis that gang involved youth have a higher rate of drug usage than those youths not involved with gangs. However, support was not found for either of the hypotheses that gang involved youth have a more severe crime rating or a higher rate of recidivism.
Cheating: Behavior and Attitudes of College Students
Authors:   , Biscanin Paula
Published: February 2023

The purpose of the researcher was to evaluate the effect that gender, classification, grade point average, and class attendance had upon reported cheating behaviors, and to evaluate an individuals attitude toward cheating. The subjects consisted of 38 freshman, 41 sophomores, 53 juniors, 78 seniors, and 31 graduate students who were enrolled at Fort Hays State University during the spring semester, 1986. The total sample consisted of 241 students. The instrument used to assess an individuals cheating behaviors and their attitudes toward cheating was a questionnaire constructed by the researcher. The design employed was a status survey with predetermined and post hoc groupings. A total of nine hypotheses were tested. Null hypotheses one through four were tested by using chi square. Each of these null hypothesis was tested under three arrangements. The arrangements were general education courses, courses in one’s major, and elective courses. Null hypotheses five through nine were tested using two-way analysis of variance. Of the 27 comparisons made in this study, 18 were statistically significant at the .05 level. The results of this study appear to support the following generalizations: 1. Males reported more incidence of cheating than females in elective courses and courses in one’s major. Males also have a more pro-attitude towards cheating than females. 2. Freshman reported more incidence of cheating then graduate students in courses in one’s major and elective courses. Freshman also have a more pro-attitude towards cheating then graduate students. 3. Students with grade point averages of 2.50-3.49 reported more incidence of cheating than students with a lower or higher grade point average for general education courses and courses in one’s major. Students with grade point average below 3.50 have a more pro-attitude towards cheating than students with grade point average above 3.50. 4. Students who attend class occasionally reported more incidence of cheating than students who attend regularly for general education courses and elective courses. Students who attend class occasionally also have a more pro-attitude towards cheating than students who attend regularly.
Predicting Dui Recidivism : Utilizing Factors Available to a Rural Mental Health Center
Authors:   , Diel Douglas
Published: February 2023

The current study utilizes data collected from a rural mental health center located in Great Bend, Kansas. Participants (N=103) were charged with DUI in Barton County between the period August 1995 to February 1997. DUI offenders that were charged again within three years of their DUI within this period were classified as recidivist. A variety of variables such as age, sex, face, marital status, prior criminal offenses, education level, results on substance abuse psychometric instruments, Blood Alcohol Content and employment status were studied utilizing logistic regression. To predict recidivism, a complex model was developed utilizing logistic regression. The developed model will assessed for accuracy with regards to the predicting the actual data. It was hypothesized based on previous research that BAL and previous criminal offenses would have considerable predictive value for identifying subjects that reoffend within the three-year monitoring period. In addition, multiple linear regression analysis was performed to examine possible relationships between psychometric subscales and DUI recidivism. Logistic regression was used to test for significance for each independent variable individually. The results indicate employment status, family income, years of education, and marital status were variables statistically significant in relationship to DUI recidivism. Each of these four variables was entered simultaneously in logistic regression to construct a linear equation to predict DUI recidivism. Years of education, marital status and employment status was used in the linear equation construction and in that order of importance based on the calculated R. The derived linear equation correctly predicted all study participants as recidivist or non-recidivist 67.37% of the time. Recidivist subjects were correctly identified 57.14% when utilizing the linear equation produced through logistic regress. The study also utilized multiple linear regression for six of the eight SASSI scales. None of the scales were found to be significantly related DUI recidivism.
President Eisenhower's Style of Legislative Leadership as Derived from Studies of the Bricker Amendment and the Defense Department Reorganization of 01/01/1958
Authors:   , Rubottom Darrell
Published: February 2023

It has been stated that perhaps no aspect of the Presidency of Dwight D. Eisenhower has been so widely misunderstood as his role of legislative leader. Therefore, the purpose of the following study is to explore the methods used by President Eisenhower in conducting his relations with Congress in an attempt to discern his style of legislative leadership.
Further Studies of the Chemical Constituents of the Root of Echinacea Angustifolia, D.C.
Authors:   , Craven Richard
Published: February 2023

A procedure has been developed for the separation and identification of chemical classes of the constituents of the root of Echinacea angustifolia D.C. This procedure separates the pentane soluble components into the different classes of organic compounds. A study was made of the number of chemical components and the degree of unsaturation of these components. The principal active components of the root were also isolated. By the use of this method of separation and identification any pentane soluble class of organic compounds present in the root may be obtained for further study.