bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Calcitriol in Inhibiting the Cancer Cell Growth and Promoting Apoptosis in
ErbB2-positive Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: Selvaraj Nagaraj Balan , Swaroop Akey Krishna , Mariappan Esakkimuthukumar , Natarajan Jawahar , Thangavelu Prabha , Selvaraj Jubie
Published: August 2023

Background:

Targeted therapies, specifically ErbB family tyrosine kinase inhibitors, have demonstrated
potential for improving outcomes in patients with ErbB2-positive breast cancer. Despite their effectiveness, these therapies
are associated with limitations, including high costs, side effects, drug resistance, lack of specificity, and toxicity.
To overcome these challenges, drug repurposing has emerged as a promising strategy in breast cancer treatment.

Objective:

The aim of this investigation was to assess the influence of calcitriol on breast cancer cell lines expressing
ErbB2 and comparing its effects with the conventional treatment, neratinib.

Methods:

We employed an MTT test to determine cell viability and utilized staining techniques to assess cell apoptosis.
Flow cytometry was used to evaluate cell cycle arrest, while a scratch wound healing test was performed to examine
cancer cell migration ability. Additionally, gene expression studies were conducted for calcitriol and neratinib to
support our hypothesis regarding the ErbB2 gene.

Results:

The repurposing of calcitriol demonstrated enhanced efficacy in suppressing cancer cell growth in ErbB2-
positive breast cancer. Proportionally, calcitriol significantly reduced the viability of SK-BR-3 cells, similar to neratinib.
Furthermore, calcitriol exhibited significant cytotoxicity against neratinib and substantially reduced breast cancer
cell growth. These findings were corroborated by the wound healing assay, cell cycle arrest analysis, and gene expression
studies, demonstrating comparable efficacy to the standard treatment, neratinib.

Conclusion:

The findings from this investigation offer compelling proof that highlights the promising role of calcitriol
as an adjuvant drug with antiproliferative and antitumoral effects in the management of ErbB2-positive breast carcinoma
patients. Therefore, we recommend further evaluation of calcitriol in clinical settings, particularly for the treatment
of ErbB2-positive breast cancer, as it shows promise as a valuable therapeutic option.
The Therapeutic Effect of Silymarin and Silibinin on Depression and Anxiety Disorders and Possible Mechanism in the Brain: A Systematic Review
Authors: Rostamian Sahar , Heidari-Soureshjani Saeid , Sherwin Catherine M.T.
Published: August 2023

Background:

Depression and anxiety are the most common mental disorders worldwide.

Objective:

We aimed to review silymarin and silibinin effects and underlying mechanisms in the central nervous system (CNS) for depression and anxiety treatment.

Methods:

The research protocol was prepared based on following the PRISMA statement. An extensive search was done in essential databases such as PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science (ISI), Embase, and Scopus. Considering the study inclusion and exclusion criteria, 17 studies were finally included. The desired information was extracted from the studies and recorded in Excel, and the consequences and mechanisms were reviewed.

Results:

Silymarin and silibinin upregulated brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and improved neural stem cells (NSCs) proliferation in the cortex and hippocampus. They also increased neurochemical serotonin (5-HT), dopamine (DA), and norepinephrine (NE) levels. Silymarin and silibinin reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) formation and increased glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) activities. In addition, silymarin and silibinin reduced interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, and IL-12β, reducing tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) induced neuroinflammation.

Conclusion:

Silymarin and silibinin exert anti-depression and anxiolytic effects by regulating neurotransmitters, endocrine, neurogenesis, and immunologic systems. Therefore, as natural and complementary medicines, they can be used to reduce the symptoms of depression and anxiety; However, more clinical studies are needed in this field.
Therapeutic Potential of Syzygium aromaticum in Gut Dysbiosis via TMAO Associated Diabetic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Singhal Shivani , Rani Vibha
Published: August 2023

Background:

Dysbiosis of the gastrointestinal microbiota is not only related to the
pathogenesis of intestinal disorders but also associated with extra-intestinal diseases. Various studies
have revealed the role of an imbalance of intestinal microbiota and their metabolites including
bile acids, indole derivatives, polyamines, and trimethylamine in the progression of various diseases.
The elevated plasma level of the oxidized form of trimethylamine is associated with the increased
risk of cardiovascular diseases. Literature supports that herbal medicines can modulate
human health by altering the diversity of gut microbiota and their metabolites and proposes the use
of prebiotics to improve dysbiotic conditions as a new way of therapeutic strategy.

Methods:

In silico studies including drug likeliness, toxicity prediction, and molecular interaction
of phytochemicals against trimethylamine lyase enzyme have been done. Antimicrobial activity of
extracts of selected plant i.e. Syzygium aromaticum was done by disc diffusion and the protective
effects of plant compounds were examined on trimethylamine-n-oxide a bacterial metabolic product
and high glucose induced toxicity.

Results:

The current study has found that the phytochemicals of S. aromaticum identified as nontoxic
and followed the standard rules of drug likeliness and showed a significant binding affinity
against trimethylamine-n-oxide producing enzymes. Furthermore, S. aromaticum extract was
found to have antimicrobial potential and cardioprotective effects by reducing the production of
intracellular reactive oxygen species and correcting the distorted nuclear morphology in the presence
of high trimethylamine-n-oxide.

Conclusion:

Conclusively, our study explored the herbal intervention in intestinal dysbiosis and
suggested a natural therapy against dysbiosis associated with cardiac disease, and S, aromaticum
was found to have exceptional cardioprotective potential against TMAO induced gut dysbiosis,
which provides a novel future therapeutic intervention for treating cardiovascular complications.
An Overview of Current Progress and Challenges in Brain Cancer
Therapy Using Advanced Nanoparticles
Authors: Chauhan Mahima , Singh Rahul Pratap , Sonali  , Zia Ghazala , Shekhar Saurabh , Yadav Bhavna , Garg Vandana , Dutt Rohit
Published: August 2023

Brain tumors pose significant challenges in terms of complete cure and early-stage prognosis.
The complexity of brain tumors, including their location, infiltrative nature, and intricate tumor microenvironment
(TME), contributes to the difficulties in achieving a complete cure.

:

The primary objective of brain cancer therapy is to effectively treat brain tumors and improve the patient’s
quality of life. Nanoparticles (NPs) have emerged as promising tools in this regard. They can be
designed to deliver therapeutic drugs to the brain tumor site while also incorporating imaging agents.

:

The NPs with the 10-200 nm range can cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and blood-brain tumor barrier
(BBTB) and facilitate drug bioavailability. NPs can be designed by several methods to improve the
pharmaceutical and pharmacological aspects of encapsulated therapeutic agents.

:

NPs can be developed in various dosage forms to suit different administration routes in brain cancer
therapy. The unique properties and versatility of NPs make them essential tools in the fight against brain
tumors, offering new opportunities to improve patient outcomes and care. Having the ability to target
brain tumors directly, overcome the BBB, and minimize systemic side effects makes NPs valuable tools
in improving patient outcomes and care.

:

The review highlights the challenges associated with brain tumor treatment and emphasizes the importance
of early detection and diagnosis. The use of NPs for drug delivery and imaging in brain tumors
is a promising approach to improving patient outcomes and quality of life. The versatility and unique
properties of NPs make them valuable tools in the fight against brain tumors, and innovative NP-related
patents have the potential to revolutionize healthcare.
Exploring the Prospective of Curcumin-loaded Nanomedicine in Brain
Cancer Therapy: An Overview of Recent Updates and Patented
Nanoformulations
Authors: Verma Ravinder , Rao Lakshita , Nagpal Diksha , Yadav Manish , Kumar Manish , Mittal Vineet , Kaushik Deepak
Published: August 2023

Cancer is a complex, one of the fatal non-communicable diseases, and its treatment has enormous
challenges, with variable efficacy of traditional anti-cancer agents. By 2025, it is expected that 420
million additional cases of cancer will be diagnosed yearly. However, among various types of cancer,
brain cancer treatment is most difficult due to the presence of blood-brain barriers. Nowadays, phytoconstituents
are gaining popularity because of their biosafety and low toxicity to healthy cells. This article
reviews various aspects related to curcumin for brain cancer therapeutics, including epidemiology, the
role of nanotechnology, and various challenges for development and clinical trials. Furthermore, it elaborates
on the prospects of curcumin for brain cancer therapeutics. In this article, our objective is to illuminate
the anti-cancer potential of curcumin for brain cancer therapy. Moreover, it also explores how to
defeat its constraints of clinical application because of poor bioavailability, stability, and rapid metabolism.
This review also emphasizes the possibility of curcumin for the cure of brain cancer using cuttingedge
biotechnological methods based on nanomedicine. This review further highlights the recent patents
on curcumin-loaded nanoformulations for brain cancer. Overall, this article provides an overview of curcumin's
potential in brain cancer therapy by considering challenges to be overwhelmed and future prospective.
Moreover, this review summarizes the reported literature on the latest research related to the
utility of curcumin in brain cancer therapy and aims to provide a reference for advanced investigation on
brain cancer treatment.
Two-dimensional MXene Nanosheets and their Composites for Antibacterial
Textiles: Current Trends and Future Prospects
Authors: Chen Yingchun , Liang Mengjie , Zhang Chi
Published: August 2023

As a novel two-dimensional (2D) nanosheet (NS), MXene has attracted attention in antibacterial applications due to its excellent high surface area, remarkable hydrophilicity, strong flexibility, and excellent antibacterial properties. This review intends to provide valuable insight into the further development of antibacterial MXenes and their composite materials. In this paper, we review the antibacterial mechanisms of MXenes and their composite materials and summarize the research progress of antibacterial finishing fabrics, fibers and dressings based on MXene NSs. Due to the rich oxygen-containing groups, 2D MXene NSs and its composites exhibited significant antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Bacillus subtilis so they have been widely used in antibacterial textiles including finishing fabrics, fibers, and dressings. 2D MXene NSs have showed some antibacterial properties based on cell experiments or blood tests. The antibacterial mechanisms mainly include physical sterilization and chemical oxidative stress sterilization. The future direction of antibacterial textiles based on MXenes was proposed.
Optimizing Performance of Worst Case User in Ultra-dense Networks
Utilizing Deep Q-learning
Authors: Lam Sinh Cong , Tran Duc Tan
Published: August 2023

This paper defines, analyzes, and improves the performance of the worst-case user in ultradense
networks

Background:

In Ultra-Dense Networks (UDNs), where the Base Stations are distributed with a very
high density, the users are possibly near the cells’ intersection. These users are called the Worst-Case
Users (WCU) and usually experience very low performance.

Objectives:

Thus, improving the WCU performance is an urgent problem to secure the service requirement
of future cellular networks.

Methods:

In this paper, the performance of the WCU is analyzed in UDNs with a maximum power
algorithm and under the wireless environment with Stretched Path Loss model and Rayleigh fading.
To improve the WCU data rate, the Deep Q Networks with and without Multi-Input-Multi-output
(MIMO) are utilized in this paper.

Results:

The simulation results show that a system–based Deep Q Learning can dramatically improve
the WCU performance compared to the system with the maximum power algorithm. In addition, the
deployment of the MIMO technique in a system–based Deep Q-learning only has benefits in bad
channel conditions.

Conclusion:

In any channel condition, utilization of Deep Q Learning is a suitable solution to
improve the WCU performance. Furthermore, if the user experiences a good channel condition, the
MIMO technique can be used with Deep Q Learning to obtain further performance improvement.
Therapeutic and Health Promoting Potential of Terminalia chebula: An
Exploratory Literature Review
Authors: Chopra Manisha , Deswal Geeta , Chopra Bhawna , Kriplani Priyanka , Dass Rameshwar , Grewal Ajmer Singh , Dhingra Ashwani K. , Rathi Vaibhav
Published: August 2023

:

The plant Terminalia chebula has been used traditionally in many regions of the world
for its therapeutic properties, especially in India. Its therapeutic and health-promoting potential has
been recognized for centuries, and modern research continues to unveil its numerous benefits. One
of the most significant applications of this plant is its antimicrobial and antioxidant potential. The
plant contains high levels of phenolic compounds and flavonoids, which scavenge harmful free
radicals in the body, reducing oxidative stress and cellular damage. This antioxidant action contributes
to its anti-inflammatory effects, making it beneficial for a wide range of conditions, including
arthritis, cardiovascular diseases, and neurodegenerative disorders. Furthermore, Terminalia
chebula exhibits antimicrobial activity against various bacteria and fungi, including those responsible
for common infections. It has been used to treat respiratory infections, urinary tract infections,
and skin ailments. Its broad-spectrum antimicrobial effects make it a valuable natural remedy for
combating microbial pathogens. Moreover, Terminalia chebula shows potential in managing diabetes
and promoting cardiovascular health. Studies have indicated its ability to regulate blood sugar
levels, improve insulin sensitivity, and reduce lipid abnormalities. These properties make it a
promising adjunct therapy for individuals with diabetes or at risk of heart disease. In conclusion,
Terminalia chebula possesses remarkable therapeutic and health-promoting potential. Its antioxidant,
anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and digestive benefits make it a valuable natural remedy for
various ailments. While research on Terminalia chebula is ongoing, its long-standing use in traditional
medicine and emerging scientific evidence solidify its status as a potent medicinal plant with
diverse applications in promoting overall well-being.
Nano-based Herbal Medicine: A New Candidate for Prostate Cancer
Treatment?
Authors: Pouryousefi-koodehi Tayebe , Kahrizi Mohammad Saeed , Roghani-Shahraki Hossein , Rezaei-Tazangi Fatemeh , Arefnezhad Reza , Motedayyen Hossein
Published: August 2023

Background:

Prostate cancer (PCa) is known as the fifth reason for cancer-related
deaths and involves a considerable population of men globally. In PCa, pluriform neoplasm with
different cancer patterns is formed. Metastases have a substantial role in disease mortality, and
lung, liver, and bone are among the common organs for metastasis. In spite of multiple attempts by
researchers, it has not been recommended a safe and suitable approach against PCa so far.

Results:

Fortunately, herbal remedies have opened a novel window in order to treat several cancers,
such as PCa; however, there are some barriers regarding this curative method, like low bioavailability
and absorption and low water solubility. On the contrary, some nano-based formulations
have revealed a potential ability to overcome these limitations, and it seems that the co-use of
herbal products and nanoformulations provides a good opportunity for treating PCa.

Conclusion:

In this study, we argued about the therapeutic aspects of some nanoformulations of
popular herbal products, such as curcumin, quercetin, and resveratrol, against PCa.
Assessment of Power Quality Enhancement in a Grid-tied PV Network via
ANN-based UPQC
Authors: Kumar Ch. Phani , Elanchezhian E.B. , Subramani Pragaspathy , Subramanian S.
Published: August 2023

Background:

Microgrid is the recent decade terminology that surpasses the long-run issues
associated with the public and utility grids. Among the renewable energy sources, solar PV
units have gained greater importance owing to their huge potential availability and laidback operating
characteristics on technological grounds. Conversely, it offers pollution-free electricity and perhaps
the dependability is volatile in most situations. The literature study accumulates the foresaid
setback and presents the fluctuation-less and controlled standard quality of power outputs.

Objective:

The aim of this particular research is to propose an assessment of Power Quality enhancement
in a Grid-tied photovoltaic (PV) network via ANN-based UPQC. The novel idea behind
this proposed approach is the UPQC component which deliberately regulates and controls the power
system to achieve higher levels of power quality, ultimately meeting the recent IEEE standards.

Method:

This particular research enhances the performances of UPQC employed in the microgrid
unit by replacing the traditional PI controller with a multi-layered feed-forward-type ANN controller
for the current regulation of the series active filter. Additionally, a training algorithm for the
ANN controller is built, trained and simulated via MATLAB/Simulink platform. The ANN-based
UPQC is proposed to alleviate the power quality challenges like sag and swell in voltage, harmonic
distortion, the time required for voltage compensation, and power factor. Therefore, UPQC is
equipped to enrich the standard of power transfer at the point of common coupling inside the power
frameworks, respectively.

Result:

Finally, the simulation results are presented to validate the operation of the grid-tied PV
network via an ANN-based UPQC system. To show the enriched performance of the proposed topology,
a comparative analysis is made with PI controller-based UPQC, and outcomes infer to be in
agreement with the theoretical discussions. Also, the ANN-based proposed approach reduces the
restoration time and THD as well under both sag and swell conditions, respectively.

Conclusion:

In this articulated work, a PV power system network with a DC-DC converter and
three-phase inverter is employed for grid integration. The peak power extraction is ensured via a
DC-DC converter with an incremental conductance algorithm. Both UPQCs are analysed and experimented
via MATLAB/Simulink platform with inconstant nonlinear loads to investigate the indices
mentioned above and corroborate the same within the operating regions.
Titanium Complexes: Cytotoxic and Antiproliferative Effects on HeLa, C6,
and CHO Cell Lines
Authors: Kumar Nitesh , Kaushal Raj , Chaudhary Ashun , Arora Saroj , Awasthi Pamita
Published: August 2023

:

The antiproliferative studies of Titanium(II) complexes of composition TiCl2 (L)2 [L = 2,2'-bipyridine (bipy), 4,4'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridine (bpMe), 4,4'-dimethoxy-2,2'-bipyridine (bpoMe), 6,6'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridine (dpMe), adamantylamine (ada)] were done against three different HeLa (cervical), C6 (glioma) and CHO (Chinese hamster ovarian) cell lines. It has been observed that the complex with 6,6'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridine (dpme) ligand was more potent against HeLa cell lines with an IC50 value of 9.10 μM but less effective than the known anticancer drug Camptothecin (IC50= 6.2 μM). Furthermore, cell cycle analysis was accomplished on CHO cell lines to discover the cell death mechanism. It has been observed that all complexes induce cell death through an increase in hypo-diploid cells (Sub-G1 population), which indicates apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner.

Objective:

Cytotoxic studies of synthesized titanium complexes on three different cell lines; MTT assay; cell cycle analysis.

Methods::

MTT assay: The cytotoxic activity of the synthesized complexes against the HeLa, C6, and CHO cell lines was determined using the colorimetric 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. This assay was carried out in triplicate on 96 plates, with a well-defined procedure and minor modifications.

Result::

Cell cycle analysis: Cells were plated at 1×106 cells/dish in 24-well plates and then grown either in the presence or absence of the complex at three different concentrations,i.e.below and above IC50 and at IC50 values. After 24 h of treatment, the cells were harvested from the dishes by collecting trypsinized cells together with floating cells in the medium.

Conclusion::

In the present paper, we have reported the cytotoxic studies of previously reported titanium complexes against HeLa, C6, and CHO cell lines. The results have shown that titanium complex (D1) having 6,6'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridine ligand was more effective against the HeLa cell line. The morphological changes in CHO cells indicate characteristic features similar to apoptosis, and cell cycle analysis indicates an increase in hypo-diploid cells.
Characterization of Ceria Powders as a Continuous Search for New Rare-earth Based Materials for Radiation Dosimetry
Authors: dos Santos Silas Cardoso , Júnior Orlando Rodrigues , Campos Letícia Lucente
Published: August 2023

Background:

Ceria (CeO2) belongs to rare-earth series and due to its profitable
properties, presents a wide commercial use such as catalysis, energy, biological,
biomedical, and pharmaceutical. The features of the starting materials in the form of
free powders influence notably the processing, formation, as well as characteristics of
the final structures\bodies obtained by colloidal processing. This study aims to characterize
CeO2 powders. The results obtained are worthwhile data to advance toward new
rare-earth based materials for radiation dosimetry.

Methods:

CeO2 powders were evaluated by the following techniques: PCS, SEM, XRD,
FT-IR, EPR, IPC, and pycnometric density (ρ). The stability of particles in aqueous solvent
was evaluated by zeta potential (ζ) determination.

Results:

CeO2 powders exhibited cubic C-type form, Fm-3m space group, a mean particle
size (d50) of 19.3nm, and a pycnometric density (ρ) of 7.01g.cm-3. Based on the results
of zeta potential determination, CeO2 powders exhibited high stability at pH 6.4 with ζ-
value of |34.0|mV.

Conclusion:

The evaluation of CeO2 powders was reported. The results presented and
discussed in this study contribute to advance in the search of new rare-earth based materials
for radiation dosimetry.
Effect of Saccharolactone on CYP-mediated Metabolism of Xenobiotics
Authors: Behera Dayanidhi , Jain Pankaj , Kurawattimath Vishwanath , Gowda Nagaraj
Published: August 2023

Background:

Saccharolactone is used as a β-glucuronidase inhibitor in in vitro micro-somal and recombinant uridine diphosphoglucuronosyl transferases (rUGTs) incubations to en-hance glucuronide pathway and, thereby, formation of glucuronide metabolites. We investigated its effect on CYP mediated metabolism of drugs (compound-174, phenacetin and quinidine) using human liver microsomes (HLM) supplemented with Phase-1 and Phase-2 co-factors.

Methods:

Compounds were incubated in HLM supplemented with co-factors to assess Phase-1 (NADPH) and Phase-2 (NADPH, alamethicin, saccharolactone and UDPGA) metabolism. CYP phenotype assay for compound-174 was conducted in HLM (± 1-ABT) and human recombinant CYP isoforms. CYP inhibition profile of saccharolactone was also generated in HLM.

Results:

The metabolism of compound-174, phenacetin and quinidine in HLM significantly de-creased in reactions containing additional components like alamethicin, saccharolactone and UD-PGA and indicated that the addition of saccharolactone inhibited the metabolism. Phenacetin and quinidine are known substrates of CYP1A2 and CYP3A4 isoforms. The metabolism of com-pound-174 was significantly inhibited in the presence of 1-ABT in HLM, and CYP3A4 and CYP2C8 isoforms were found to be the predominant isoforms responsible for its metabolism. Fur-ther evaluation of CYP inhibition in HLM indicated saccharolactone to be a strong inhibitor of CYP1A2, 2D6, 3A4 and 2C8 isoforms with IC50 values of less than 4 mM.

Conclusion:

The findings indicated that saccharolactone being a strong inhibitor of CYP1A2, 2D6, 3A4 and 2C8 isoforms (IC50 < 4 mM), resulted in significant inhibition of the metabolism of compound-174, phenacetin and quinidine in HLM and caution should be exercised in using it with proper titration of the concentrations.
Vibro-acoustic analysis and design optimization to improve comfort and sustainability of future passenger aircraft
Authors: Moruzzi M.C.
Published: August 2023

Abstract. The challenges of recent years lead to the development of greener aircraft. However, the concept of environmental sustainability cannot be declined on its own; economic sustainability is also required by increasing the services provided to the passenger, particularly comfort. This work aims to propose a design process for a new sustainable aircraft that takes into account both environmental sustainability, by reducing the aircraft's emissions with a new configuration, and economic sustainability, by introducing a series of solutions to increase comfort during flight, with particular attention to acoustic comfort, i.e. internal noise.
A study of characteristic element length for higher-order finite elements
Authors: Shen J.
Published: August 2023

Abstract. The utilization of a fracture energy regularization technique, based on the crack band model, can effectively resolve the issue of mesh-size dependency in the finite element modelling of quasi-brittle structures. However, achieving accurate results requires proper estimation of the characteristic element length in the finite element method. This study presents practical calculation methods for the characteristic element length, particularly for higher-order finite elements based on the Carrera Unified Formulation (CUF). Additionally, a modified Mazars damage model that incorporates fracture energy regularization is employed for damage analysis in quasi-brittle materials. An experimental benchmark is adopted then for validation, and the result shows that the proposed methods ensure accurate regularization of fracture energy and provide mesh-independent structural behaviors.
HACK: a Holistic modeling Approach for Cubesat cyberattacKs
Authors: Borgia S.
Published: August 2023

Abstract. In recent years, the threat of cyberattacks has been growing rapidly in numerous industrial sectors that have an impact on our daily life. One of these is the space industry, where the risk of hacking a single satellite can lead to dangerous effects not only for economics but also for Earth critical infrastructure like: transportation systems, water networks, and electric grid. The vulnerability of complex space systems has already been demonstrated in the past. In 1998, for example, hackers took control of the ROSAT X-Ray satellite pointing its solar panels directly to the Sun and causing physical damage. Nowadays, since the attention is moved on small and less sophisticated system, such as CubeSat, the risk of cyber intrusions is even higher as the COTS (Commercial-Off-The-Shelf) technology they use is based on open-source operating systems. In order to counteract this imminent problem, the development of a high-fidelity CubeSat digital model is needed to study and solve related space cybersecurity issues. In fact, thanks to the virtual prototype, what-if simulations can be performed allowing to analyze different cyberattacks scenarios and predict undesirable events on the CubeSat flying on its operative orbit. Moreover, the building of the digital model requires a holistic modeling approach and simulation tools which allows to consider Multiphysics phenomena occurring on the space system itself. Finally, the possibility of connecting the virtual model to a real space system, obtaining the so-called Digital Twin (DT), will help engineers to conduct more accurate actions during the mission.
Sensitivity analysis of analytically—corrected acoustic metamaterials into the spacetime domain
Authors: Colombo G.
Published: August 2023

Abstract. The present work is focused on the sensitivity analysis of analytically--corrected acoustic metamaterials with respect to the variation of relevant parameters for aeronautical applications. The performance decay of acoustic metamaterials designed in static conditions when operating in a moving flow can be mitigated using a design process involving coordinate transformations capable of recasting the convective wave equation in the form of the static D'Alembertian. To this aim, a spacetime reformulation of the problem is needed in order to ensure the formal invariance of equations under the action of spacetime coordinate transformations. The considered test case sees a circumferential domain occupied by a metafluid embedded by a conventional medium characterized by a uniform background flow and within which a monopole source is located. All the numerical simulations are done in the frequency domain using the commercial finite element method solver. A parametric study is conducted to analyze the influence of the acoustic source position with respect to the background flow and the variation of the intensity of the latter.
Improving satellite pose estimation across domain gap with generative adversarial networks
Authors: Lotti A.
Published: August 2023

Abstract. Pose estimation from a monocular camera is a critical technology for in-orbit servicing missions. However, collecting large image datasets in space for training neural networks is impractical, resulting in the use of synthetic images. Unfortunately, these often fail to accurately replicate real image features, leading to a significant domain gap. This work explores the use of generative adversarial networks as a solution for bridging this gap from the data level by making synthetic images more closely resemble real ones. A generative model is trained on a small subset of unpaired synthetic and real pictures from the SPEED+ dataset. The entire synthetic dataset is then augmented using the generator, and employed to train a regression model, based on the MetaFormer architecture, which locates a set of landmarks. By comparing the model's pose estimation accuracy on real images with and without generator preprocessing, it is observed that the augmentation effectively reduces the median pose estimation error by a factor 1.4 to 5. This compelling result validates the efficacy of these tools and justifies further research in their utilization.
Impuestos verdes en Colombia y la Ley de inversión social
Authors:   Fundación Universitaria San Mateo, Méndez Parada Vernon Weis
Published: August 2023

Introducción: El desarrollo económico de la humanidad ha traído consigo un problema de orden mundial, la contaminación; conduciendo a los gobiernos a hablar hoy de daños ambientales y recuperación del medio ambiente. El Estado colombiano se ha sumado a los países que pretenden mitigar el efecto de los GEI, para ello ha implementado a través de la Ley 1819 de 2016 los impuestos verdes. Objetivo: Esta investigación pretende establecer la relación entre el recaudo por impuesto verdes y la aplicación de políticas ambientales. Metodología: el diseño de la investigación se trazó: tipo descriptiva; de diseño no experimental, tipo de estudio cualitativo. Para ello se recurrió recopilación bibliográfica de autores y al análisis de la información para la consecución del objetivo. Resultados: los resultados esperados es determinar qué la relación existente entre las políticas ambientales y el recaudo por los impuestos verdes son inversas: Las políticas ambientales son la ruta para conducir a la disminución de la contaminación. Conclusiones: Los impuestos verdes en Colombia dan muestras de la conciencia del consumidor en que hay que pagar por contaminar; sin embargo, estos impuestos tiene fines recaudatorios; y no van en relación con las políticas de prevención
Can AI Mitigate Bias in Writing Letters of Recommendation?
Authors: Leung Tiffany I , Sagar Ankita , Shroff Swati , Henry Tracey L
Published: August 2023

Letters of recommendation play a significant role in higher education and career progression, particularly for women and underrepresented groups in medicine and science. Already, there is evidence to suggest that written letters of recommendation contain language that expresses implicit biases, or unconscious biases, and that these biases occur for all recommenders regardless of the recommender’s sex. Given that all individuals have implicit biases that may influence language use, there may be opportunities to apply contemporary technologies, such as large language models or other forms of generative artificial intelligence (AI), to augment and potentially reduce implicit biases in the written language of letters of recommendation. In this editorial, we provide a brief overview of existing literature on the manifestations of implicit bias in letters of recommendation, with a focus on academia and medical education. We then highlight potential opportunities and drawbacks of applying this emerging technology in augmenting the focused, professional task of writing letters of recommendation. We also offer best practices for integrating their use into the routine writing of letters of recommendation and conclude with our outlook for the future of generative AI applications in supporting this task.
Enhancing Post-Quantum Cryptography: Exploring Mathematical Foundations and Comparative Analysis of Different Cryptographic Algorithm
Authors: Shah Aayush , Mahato Prabhat , Bhagat Aadarsh
Published: August 2023

Abstract: This research paper surveys the landscape of cryptography, encompassing historical origins and modern applications. Beginning with foundational concepts, it explores encryption, decryption, ciphers, and keys, spanning symmetric and asymmetric cryptography. Historical context unfolds, tracing cryptography from ancient Egyptian hieroglyphs to Julius Caesar's cipher. The study then transitions to contemporary subjects. Elliptic Curves and Cryptography are investigated, showcasing their significance in secure communication, demonstrating ECC key exchange and AES-GCM encryption using python and Comparative analysis of ECC, RSA, and Diffie-Hellman sheds light on their performance. Zero-Knowledge Proofs are introduced as tools for privacy-preserving verification followed by an exploration of various Zero-Knowledge Proof (ZKP) protocols. By presenting practical implementation examples using Python, the paper illustrates how these proofs can be applied in real-world scenarios. Random Number Generation is examined and distinction between pseudorandom number generators (PRNGs) and cryptographically secure PRNGs (CSPRNGs) is emphasized conducting a thorough comparative analysis of PRNGs and CSPRNGs, considering factors like correlation, independence, periodicity, and entropy. Furthermore, the section evaluates the performance of different random number generation techniques. Fully Homomorphic Encryption emerges as a groundbreaking concept, discussing its mathematical properties, practical implementation, parameter selection, and optimization techniques enabling computation on encrypted data. Cryptographic Secret Sharing Schemes are explored for secure information distribution. The paper concludes by delving into the Chinese Remainder Theorem's applications within modern cryptographic protocols, particularly in RSA decryption and the integration factorization process of the RSA public key cryptosystem. It also provides a comprehensive overview of the theoretical foundations of primality testing, a pivotal aspect of the RSA algorithm. Overall, this research paper provides a comprehensive exploration of cryptography's historical context, core concepts, advanced techniques, and practical implementations, offering valuable insights into the realm of secure communication
The Systems Design and Construction for Solar Agricultural Water Pumps
Authors: Push Mr. P. Berlin , Shalom Mr. N.
Published: August 2023

Abstract: One of the biggest issues in the world's energy system is the scarcity of energy resources and the horrifying pollution that results from their widespread usage, which calls for a solution to the long-term energy crisis that is currently taking place. Since the sun is the most powerful source of energy, scientists have been trying to figure out why solar energy cannot be used to create electricity for so long. Solar energy may be produced from sunlight either directly using photovoltaic (PV) technology or indirectly using concentrated solar power. This essay addresses a topic in agriculture where a specific application has been highlighted as having the potential to effectively alleviate the farming industry. In order to demonstrate how the model will really function in the irrigation industry in the near future, a solar water pumping system is explained along with the creation of a hardware model. In order to be further implemented for large-scale use, a micro model is tested with and proven here
The Effects of Ecological Empathy Program on Ecological Perspectives of Elementary School Students
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Kim Hee-Seok , Paik Seoung-Hey
Published: August 2023

Objectives This study aimed to find out the effect of the ecological empathy program that affects the perspective of ecology.
Methods For this study, a total of 209 students from the 3rd to 5th grade of elementary school were selected. The experimental group was set as one class of the 3rd grade, and compared with the control group of the 3rd to 5th grade. The program developed in this study consisted of a total of eight sessions, and consisted of the process of forming empathy through scientific knowledge, experience, and moral judgment. The pre- and post-test were classified into ecological perspective, species-oriented perspective, and family-oriented perspective. The McNemar test was conducted to find out the educational effect.
Results As a result of the study, it was found that the students in the control class did not naturally change to the ecological perspective by maturation regardless of the grade. In the case of the experimental class students who studied the program developed in this study, the areas where statistically significant changes were observed were empathy for the situation in which wolves harm villagers and why pests such as mosquitoes and poisonous snakes must exist in the ecosystem. However, it was difficult for students to form an ecological perspective due to difficulties in empathizing in the situation of family damage. In addition, it was confirmed that it is difficult for elementary school students to develop an ecological perspective only with the contents of the ecosystem-related unit of the science curriculum presented in the 5th grade.
Conclusions Therefore, based on the proposal of this study, it is necessary to develop an ecological empathy program to provide elementary school students with opportunities to form and deepen their ecological perspectives.
The Effect of University Entrepreneurial Education on College Students' Entrepreneurial Capability: Focused on the mediating effects of Instructor Satisfaction and Entrepreneurial Education Experiences
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Lee Jieun
Published: August 2023

Objectives This study aimed to examine whether university entrepreneurial education has an impact on entrepreneurial capability, and to confirm whether instructor satisfaction and entrepreneurial education experiences have a partial mediating effect in the process.
Methods To do this, a mediation model analysis was conducted through the responses of 297 learners from 14 universities who performed the KDB entrepreneurial education program conducted by the Korea Entrepreneurship Foundation. The study employed STATA 17 version to conduct basic statistical analysis, correlation analysis, as well as partial mediation analysis and significance testing using the khb analysis method. University entrepreneurial education was assumed as an independent variable, entrepreneurial capability was assumed as a dependent variable, and instructor satisfaction and entrepreneurial education experiences as mediating variables.
Results According to the analysis, university entrepreneurial education had a positive effect on entrepreneurial capability. In addition, entrepreneurial capability was found to have a positive effect on entrepreneurial capability through instructor satisfaction. However, no significant a partial mediating effect was observed between entrepreneurial education and entrepreneurial behavior through entrepreneurial experience. The study results confirmed the need for university entrepreneurial education to enhance entrepreneurial capability. It was found that in order to maximize the effectiveness of university entrepreneurial education, the abilities and qualities of instructors who deliver the education are crucial. The study also revealed that such educational approaches contribute to the improvement of entrepreneurial capability.
Conclusions The results indicating that university entrepreneurial education has a positive impact on entrepreneurial capability is significant in confirming the effectiveness and necessity of university entrepreneurial education. Additionally, the study's contribution lies in verifying and elucidating the partial mediating effects of instructor satisfaction and entrepreneurial education experience on the relationship between university entrepreneurial education and entrepreneurial capability. By examining whether instructor satisfaction mediates the effects of entrepreneurial education on entrepreneurial capability, the study provides detailed insights into how the effectiveness of entrepreneurial education translates into improved entrepreneurial capability. Furthermore, the study holds academic and practical significance by highlighting the role of instructor satisfaction as an intermediate variable in the process where the effects of university entrepreneurial education manifest.
The Effects of Multicultural Adolescent’s Experience of Bullying on Life Satisfaction: The Parallel Dual Mediation Effects of Parent Support and Friend Support
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Lee Yuri , Kim Choonkyung
Published: August 2023

Objectives The purposes of this study were to examine the of the influence of multicultural adolescent’s experience of bullying on life satisfaction, and to confirm the parallel dual mediation effect of parent support and friend support in the relationship between them.
Methods The study used data from 2,073 teenagers who participated in the second year of the second Multicultural Youth Panel Survey (MAPS) conducted from 2011 to 2019. A correlation analysis was conducted to examine the relationship between measurement variables using SPSS 25.0 and the parallel dual mediation effect of parent support and friend support was confirmed using PROCESS macro Model 4.
Results First, the experience of bullying among multicultural adolescent’s showed a negative correlation with parental support, friend support, and life satisfaction. On the other hand, it was found that there was a positive correlation between parental support, friend support, and life satisfaction. Second, in the relationship between multicultural adolescents' experience of group bullying damage and life satisfaction, it was found that the support of parents and friends of multicultural adolescents had a significant parallel dual mediation effect.
Conclusions This study is meaningful in that it provides basic risk data for various programs and education at school sites to help multicultural youth improve their life satisfaction by providing evidence that group bullying damage experience, parent support, and friend support have an important impact on life satisfaction.
A qualitative study of prospective teachers’ professional development in health education through the teaching practicum
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Yoon Seok-Ju
Published: August 2023

Objectives The purpose of this study was to explore how prospective health teachers developed their professionalism through the teaching practicum.
Methods The author interviewed nine prospective health teachers who conducted their teaching practicum at the secondary schools during four weeks. The author also collected and analyzed the documents of teaching practicum logs of prospective health teachers.
Results Through instruction observation and teaching practice, the prospective teachers were gradually able to improve their health instruction. They worked collaboratively to plan health lessons, observed each other's classes, and discussed and reflected on what worked well and what did not work in their lessons. By observing the differences in each other's instruction despites the same lesson plan, they learned that each of the prospective teachers had their own individual teaching styles and teaching philosophies, and worked to develop their own ones. Furthermore, the prospective teachers were able to improve their teaching professionalism by reflecting on their trial-and-error experiences while teaching the health lessons in multiple classes: they continued to modify their lesson plans in response to student reactions in teaching. In addition to enhancing their own instructional expertise, they recognized and learned the importance of teacher collaboration in developing teaching professionalism.
Conclusions Theses results suggested that the teaching practicum would contribute to the professional development of prospective health teachers by encouraging them to collaborate with each other, observe each other's lessons, and reflect in and on their teaching practices.