bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Artificial intelligence in cyber physical systems
Authors: Radanliev Petar , De Roure David , Kleek Max Van , Santos Omar , Ani Uchenna
Published: September 2020

This article conducts a literature review of current and future challenges in the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in cyber physical systems. The literature review is focused on identifying a conceptual framework for increasing resilience with AI through automation supporting both, a technical and human level. The methodology applied resembled a literature review and taxonomic analysis of complex internet of things (IoT) interconnected and coupled cyber physical systems. There is an increased attention on propositions on models, infrastructures and frameworks of IoT in both academic and technical papers. These reports and publications frequently represent a juxtaposition of other related systems and technologies (e.g. Industrial Internet of Things, Cyber Physical Systems, Industry 4.0 etc). We review academic and industry papers published between 2010 and 2020. The results determine a new hierarchical cascading conceptual framework for analysing the evolution of AI decision-making in cyber physical systems. We argue that such evolution is inevitable and autonomous because of the increased integration of connected devices (IoT) in cyber physical systems. To support this argument, taxonomic methodology is adapted and applied for transparency and justifications of concepts selection decisions through building summary maps that are applied for designing the hierarchical cascading conceptual framework.
Effect of Poverty on Real Exchange Rate in Developing Countries
Authors: GNANGNON SENA KIMM
Published: September 2020

A strand of the literature has shown that a depreciation of the real exchange rate contributes to poverty reduction. The current paper considers the issue in the other way around, by investigating whether poverty matters for the dynamics of real exchange rate. The analysis has been performed using a panel dataset of 106 countries over the period 1980-2017, and relied on the two-step system Generalized Methods of Moments (GMM). The findings are quite interesting. A rise in the level of poverty is associated with an appreciation of the real exchange rate over the full sample. However, countries with a high real per capita income experience a real exchange rate depreciation effect of poverty, while for countries with a relatively low real per capita income (such as poor countries), poverty is associated with an appreciation of the real exchange rate. Furthermore, poverty exerts an appreciation of the real exchange rate in countries with a low degree of trade openness (including trade policy liberalization), a low level of workers' productivity, and a high degree of export product concentration.
Association between Anthropometric indices and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors among Women with Primary Infertility
Authors: Antwi Ernest Opoku , Baah Vivian
Published: September 2020

Background: Cardiometabolic risk factors are commonly associated with women with infertility. The study evaluated the association between anthropometric indices and cardiometabolic risk factors in women with primary infertility. Methods: Two-hundred and sixteen (216) women with primary infertility underwent simple anthropometric measurement including waist circumference (WC), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), body mass index (BMI), body adiposity index (BAI) and abdominal volume index (AVI). Blood pressure was assessed using an automated BP monitor and fasting blood samples were collected. Cardiometabolic risk factors were defined according to the NCEP-ATP III criteria. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve and logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate associations Results: The mean age of the study participants was 30.3 years and the median duration of infertility was 3.0 (2.0-4.0 interquartile range). The prevalence of hypertension was 22.2%. Metabolic syndrome, hyperglycemia, and dyslipidemia were presents among 23.1%, 32.4%, and 48.1%, respectively. BMI (between 25.8Kg/m2 and 28.0 Kg/m2), strongly predicted hyperglycemia, MetS, and dyslipidemia. Additionally, the range of optimal cut-off values of central obesity indices including WC (84.0cm to 90.0 cm), WHR (0.85-0.89 cm/cm), WHtR (0.52-0.61 cm/cm) and AVI (14.3 to 16.5) better predicted hyperglycaemia, MetS and dyslipidaemia. Only BMI and BAI were significant predictors of hypertension. Conclusion: Cardiometabolic risk factors including hypertension, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia and MetS are high among women with primary infertility. BMI proved superior in predicting cardiometabolic risk factors among primary infertile women.
Is the press properly presenting the epidemiological data on COVID-19? An analysis of newspapers from 25 countries.
Authors: Hammes Luciano Serpa , Rossi Arthur Proença , Pedrotti Luana Giongo , Pitrez Paulo Márcio , Mutlaq Mohamed Parrini , Rosa Regis Goulart
Published: September 2020

We conducted a cross-sectional study to assess how newspapers from 25 countries are comparing and presenting COVID-19 epidemiological data to their readers. Of 75 newspapers evaluated, 51(68%) presented at their websites at least one comparison of cases and/or deaths between regions of their country and/or between countries. Quality assessment of the comparisons showed that only a minority of newspapers adjusted the data for population size in case comparisons between regions (37,2%) and between countries (25,6%), and the same was true for death comparisons between regions (27,3%) and between countries (27%). Of those making comparisons, only 13,7% explained the difference in the interpretation of cases and deaths. Of 17 that presented a logarithmic curve, only 29,4% explained its meaning. Although the press plays a key role in conveying correct medical information to the general public, researchers and journalists need to work more closely together to provide more accurate information.
The Relationship between Media Advertising and Attitudinal Changes during COVID-19
Authors: Khalid Atiqa , Ali Sana , Qamar Ayesha
Published: September 2020

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
The Gender of COVID-19 Experts in Newspaper Articles: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Fletcher Sarah , Joe Moss Bruton , Hernandez Santanna , Toman Inka , Harrison Tyrone , Ruzycki Shannon
Published: September 2020

Background: Pre-existing gender-based disparities in academia may have worsened during the COVID-19 pandemic. There is anecdotal and peer-reviewed evidence that women in academia have been underrepresented in prestigious, pandemic-related opportunities. Being citated as an expert source in newspaper articles about COVID-19 may increase an individual's research or leadership profile. In addition, visibility in a newspaper article is an important component of representation in academia. Objective: We sought to determine whether women were underrepresented as COVID-19 expert sources in print newspapers in the United States. Design: We undertook a cross-sectional study of English-language newspaper articles that addressed the COVID-19 pandemic that were published in the top ten most widely read newspapers in the United States between Apr 1 and Apr 15, 2020. Main Measures: We extracted the names of all people cited as expert sources and categorized each expert sources as men, women, or another gender based on pronoun usage within the article or on a business, university, or organization website. Key Results: Of 2,297 expert sources identified, 35.9% (95% CI 33.9-37.8%; n=824) were women, 63.7% were men (95% CI 61.8-65.7%; n=1,464) and for 0.4%, gender could not be assigned (n=9). After removing duplicate experts, 1,738 unique individuals were cited, of which 34.6% were women (95% CI 32.3-36.8%; n=601), 64.9% were men (95% CI 62.7-67.1%; n=1,128), and 0.05% whose gender was unknown (n=9). Of articles with multiple experts referenced (n=374), 102 cited only men experts (27.3%) and 44 cited only women experts (11.8%).Conclusions: Altogether, this result supports that men are overrepresented compared to women as COVID-19 experts in newspaper articles.
SENSIBILIZAÇÃO AMBIENTAL: EXPERIÊNCIA EM UMA COOPERATIVA DE CRÉDITO NO NOROESTE GAÚCHO
Authors: Satler Ana Paula , Silva Danni Maisa da , Guerra Divanilde , Bisognin Ramiro Pereira , Bohrer Robson Evaldo Gehlen , Redin Marciel , Thies Vanderlei Franck , Canepelle Eduardo
Published: September 2020

A educação, especialmente no âmbito ambiental, deve despertar a compreensão, necessidade de comprometimento com o meio para que a sociedade assuma responsabilidades, para enfrentar os desafios ambientais da atualidade. O trabalho teve como objetivo desenvolver ações de Educação Ambiental com associados e colaboradores de uma Cooperativa de Crédito da Região Noroeste do Rio Grande do Sul, a fim de promover a sensibilização ambiental, mudanças no comportamento e atitudes relacionadas ao meio ambiente, bem como realizar uma análise sobre a importância dos aspectos ambientais (reduzir, repensar, reaproveitar, reciclar e recusar consumir produtos que gerem impactos socioambientais) relacionados ao cotidiano dos participantes. O método utilizado foi a realização inicial de uma revisão bibliográfica, aplicação de questionários, adaptados de Prieto (2012), para 272 pessoas, com a realização posterior de ações de Educação Ambiental, norteadas pela Agenda Brasileira 21. Determinou-se que a grande maioria dos participantes possui pouco interesse em assuntos ligados às causas ambientais, e desenvolvem poucas ações ligadas ao meio ambiente. Nas ações de Educação Ambiental foram envolvidas 327 pessoas, onde se buscou mostrar de maneira prática aos participantes de atitudes que podem ser realizadas no cotidiano para a melhoria e preservação do meio ambiente. Portanto, com a execução do trabalho foi possível proporcionar momentos de compreensão, responsabilidades individuais e em conjunto, além da reflexão com um público da Cooperativa de Crédito, buscando assim, a construção de um mundo mais sustentável e cooperativo.
Zhanghuifenite, Na3Mn42+Mg2Al(PO4)6, a new mineral isostructural with bobfergusonite, from the Santa Ana mine, San Luis province, Argentina
Authors: Yang Hexiong , Kobsch Anaïs , Gu Xiangping , Downs Robert T. , Xie Xiande
Published: September 2020

A new mineral species, zhanghuifenite, ideally Na3Mn42+Mg2Al(PO4)6, has been found in the Santa Ana mine, San Luis province, Argentina. It occurs in irregular veinlets or patches, 5 mm thick, in a nodule of beusite interlaminated with lithiophilite. Broken pieces of zhanghuifenite are blocky or tabular. Single crystals are up to 0.8 × 0.5 × 0.5 mm. No twinning or parting is observed macroscopically. The mineral is deep green, transparent with pale green streak and vitreous luster. It is brittle and has a Mohs hardness of ~5 with good cleavage on {010}. The measured and calculated densities are 3.63(2) and 3.62 g/cm3, respectively. Optically, zhanghuifenite is biaxial (+), with α = 1.675(2), β = 1.680(2), γ = 1.690(2) (white light), 2V (meas) = 74(2)°, and 2V (calc) = 71°. The calculated compatibility index based on the empirical formula is 0.020 (excellent). An electron microprobe analysis yields an empirical formula (based on 24 O apfu) (Na2.80Ca0.11)Σ2.91(Mn3.092+Fe0.472+Mg0.36)Σ3.92(Mg1.31Fe0.692+)Σ2.00 (Al0.81Fe0.193+)(PO4)6. Zhanghuifenite is insoluble in water or hydrochloric acid.

Zhanghuifenite is isostructural with bobfergusonite, a member of the alluaudite supergroup. It is monoclinic, with space group P21/n, Z = 4, and unit-cell parameters a = 12.8926(3), b = 12.4658(3), c = 10.9178(2) Å, β = 97.9200(10)°, and V = 1737.93(7) Å3. The crystal structure of zhanghuifenite contains six octahedral M (= Mn, Fe, Mg, Al) sites and five X (= Na, Mn, Ca) sites with coordination numbers between 6 and 8. The six M octahedra share edges to form two types of kinked chains extending along [101], with one consisting of M1-M4-M5 and the other M2-M3-M6. These chains are joined by PO4 tetrahedra to form sheets parallel to (010), which are linked together through corner-sharing between PO4 tetrahedra and MO6 octahedra in the adjacent sheets, leaving open channels parallel to a, where the large X cations are situated. Zhanghuifenite differs from bobfergusonite in two major aspects. One is that the M4 and M5 sites in the former are mainly occupied by Mg, but by Fe2+ and Fe3+, respectively, in the latter. The other is that the X2-X5 sites in zhanghuifenite are all nearly or fully filled with Na, resulting in 3 Na apfu in the ideal formula, but X4 and X5 are merely half-occupied in bobfergusonite, giving rise to 2 Na apfu.
The evolution of saponite: An experimental study based on crystal chemistry and crystal growth
Authors: Zhang Chaoqun , He Hongping , Petit Sabine , Baron Fabien , Tao Qi , Gregoire Brian , Zhu Jianxi , Yang Yiping , Ji Shichao , Li Shangying
Published: September 2020

Element incorporation and partitioning during the evolution of clay minerals have significant implications for element cycling in geochemical processes. The main aim of this experimental study is to further our understanding of element redistribution and crystal growth during smectite evolution under different physicochemical conditions. The precursors (i.e., pure Mg- and Ni-saponite) were separately prepared by hydrothermal syntheses at the same set of temperatures (i.e., RT, 50, 150, 180, 200, and 220 °C) for one day. Then the starting materials were obtained from the mechanical mixtures of the identical molar weight of Mg- and Ni-smectite precursors prepared at the same temperature. Subsequently, Series I samples were obtained by hydrothermally treating different starting materials at 220 °C for two weeks while Series II samples were hydrothermally synthesized under various temperatures (220, 300, 400, and 500 °C) for one week using the starting materials prepared at 220 °C. Both the precursors and resultant saponites were characterized by XRD, FTIR, TEM, and STEM. The FTIR spectra of the precursors only exhibit the vMg3OH and vNi3OH bands, corresponding to Mg-saponite and Ni-saponite, respectively. However, the occurrence of vMg2NiOH and vNi2MgOH bands in the resultant saponite indicates the dissolution of the corresponding Mg- and Ni-saponite precursors and recrystallization of Mg-Ni mixed saponite. The dissolution extents of Mg- and Ni-saponite precursors, which affect the degrees of random distribution of octahedral Ni and Mg in resultant Mg, Nisaponite, are significantly controlled by the temperature gap (ΔT) between the precursors prepared and the resultant Mg, Ni-saponite obtained. In general, a larger ΔT leads to a higher dissolution extent of saponite precursors and a higher degree of random distribution of octahedral Ni and Mg cations in the resultant Mg, Ni-saponite structures. Thus, the distribution mode of octahedral cations in saponite, which is not only relevant to a given hydrothermal temperature but also dependent on ΔT for final products, cannot be used as a geothermometer. TEM and STEM observations provide visual evidence that the particles of saponite coarsen when ΔT is higher than zero. Both the crystal-chemical and morphological features during saponite evolution suggest that saponite particles coarsen mainly via partial/complete dissolution of precursors followed by recrystallization and growth of Mg, Ni-saponite in which crystal growth by layer attachment cannot be excluded. This study presents an experimental approach to evaluate the evolution of clay minerals in terms of crystal chemistry and crystal growth and offers a better understanding of the contributions of clay mineral evolution to element cycling.
The performance of the Indian stock market during COVID-19
Authors: Chaudhary Rashmi , Bakhshi Priti , Gupta Hemendra
Published: September 2020

The current empirical study attempts to analyze the impact of COVID-19 on the performance of the Indian stock market concerning two composite indices (BSE 500 and BSE Sensex) and eight sectoral indices of Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) (Auto, Bankex, Consumer Durables, Capital Goods, Fast Moving Consumer Goods, Health Care, Information Technology, and Realty) of India, and compare the composite indices of India with three global indexes S&P 500, Nikkei 225, and FTSE 100. The daily data from January 2019 to May 2020 have been considered in this study. GLS regression has been applied to assess the impact of COVID-19 on the multiple measures of volatility, namely standard deviation, skewness, and kurtosis of all indices. All indices’ key findings show lower mean daily return than specific, negative returns in the crisis period compared to the pre-crisis period. The standard deviation of all the indices has gone up, the skewness has become negative, and the kurtosis values are exceptionally large. The relation between indices has increased during the crisis period. The Indian stock market depicts roughly the same standard deviation as the global markets but has higher negative skewness and higher positive kurtosis of returns, making the market seem more volatile.
Rapid Determination of Full and Empty Adeno-Associated Virus Capsid Ratio by Capillary Isoelectric Focusing
Authors: Li Tingting , Gao Tie , Chen Hongxu , Pekker Peter , Menyhart Adrienn , Guttman Andras
Published: September 2020

Adeno-associated virus (AAV) is one of the most promising gene transfer
vector types featuring long-term gene expression and low toxicity. The lack of
pathogenicity and the availability of many serotypes augmented the applicability of AAV
virions in gene therapy applications. The recombinant AAV capsid includes the
therapeutic protein-coding transgene as well as a promoter to initiate translation and a
poly A sequence portion for stabilization. Current AAV manufacturing technologies,
however, cannot guarantee the generation of only full capsids, i.e., including the entire
required genome. Partially filled and empty capsids are also part of the product,
decreasing in this way the efficacy and safety upon clinical translation. Therefore, rapid,
accurate and QC friendly analysis of the full and empty capsid ratio is of high importance
during AAV vector manufacturing and release testing. In this paper, an automated
capillary isoelectric focusing technique is introduced, readily applicable in the
biopharmaceutical industry for fast and efficient determination of the full and empty
capsid ratio. The method also reveals information about the proportion of partially filled
capsids. For higher resolution (<0.1 pI unit), mixtures of wide and narrow range
ampholytes were utilized. The isoelectric point and peak area percentage reproducibility
(RSD) of the mixed ampholyte assay were as low as 1.67% and 2.45 %, respectively,
requiring only 65 nL of sample volume per injection.
Exosomes Harnessed as Nanocarriers for Cancer Therapy - Current Status and Potential for Future Clinical Applications
Authors: Wani Taha Umair , Mohi-ud-din Roohi , Mir Reyaz Hassan , Itoo Asif Mohd , Mir Khalid Bashir , Fazli Abdul Aala , Pottoo Faheem Hyder
Published: September 2020

Exosomes are nano structured (50-90 nm) vesicles that originate from
endosomal compartment of eukaryotic cells and are secreted into extracellular matrix. In
recent years, there has been increased interest in exploring exosomes for diagnostic
and therapeutic applications. Like many other diseases, e.g., neurodegenerative
disorders, autoimmune diseases exosomes have a considerable significance in cancer
too. Exosomes are known to prevail in large numbers and carry unique cargos in
different types of cancers and thus are proving as versatile entities in understanding
their biology of cancers and utilized as efficient diagnostic biomarkers in identification of
cancer type. In addition to diagnostic applications, there has been an increased interest
in recent years to exploit exosomes as carriers for delivery of therapeutic agents to
target sites as well. This is indebted to their exceptional non-immunogenic and
biomimetic properties that prompted researchers to use exosomes as carriers for
delivery of therapeutic agents, e.g., drugs, genes and peptides. Exosomes also
circumvent many drawbacks associated with other lipid or polymeric nanocarriers, e.g.,
low circulation time, lipid toxicities, long term stability, etc. However, in spite of many
favorable aspects of exosome based therapy, there have been a number of challenges
too. This review will focus on the current status of the exosome based drug therapy for
cancer, the challenges faced and its potential for future clinical use.
Identifying Key Predictors of Cognitive Dysfunction in Older People Using Supervised Machine Learning Techniques: Observational Study
Authors: Rankin Debbie , Black Michaela , Flanagan Bronac , Hughes Catherine F , Moore Adrian , Hoey Leane , Wallace Jonathan , Gill Chris , Carlin Paul , Molloy Anne M , Cunningham Conal , McNulty Helene
Published: September 2020

Background

Machine learning techniques, specifically classification algorithms, may be effective to help understand key health, nutritional, and environmental factors associated with cognitive function in aging populations.

Objective

This study aims to use classification techniques to identify the key patient predictors that are considered most important in the classification of poorer cognitive performance, which is an early risk factor for dementia.

Methods

Data were used from the Trinity-Ulster and Department of Agriculture study, which included detailed information on sociodemographic, clinical, biochemical, nutritional, and lifestyle factors in 5186 older adults recruited from the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland, a proportion of whom (987/5186, 19.03%) were followed up 5-7 years later for reassessment. Cognitive function at both time points was assessed using a battery of tests, including the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS), with a score <70 classed as poorer cognitive performance. This study trained 3 classifiers—decision trees, Naïve Bayes, and random forests—to classify the RBANS score and to identify key health, nutritional, and environmental predictors of cognitive performance and cognitive decline over the follow-up period. It assessed their performance, taking note of the variables that were deemed important for the optimized classifiers for their computational diagnostics.

Results

In the classification of a low RBANS score (<70), our models performed well (F1 score range 0.73-0.93), all highlighting the individual’s score from the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test, the age at which the participant stopped education, and whether or not the participant’s family reported memory concerns to be of key importance. The classification models performed well in classifying a greater rate of decline in the RBANS score (F1 score range 0.66-0.85), also indicating the TUG score to be of key importance, followed by blood indicators: plasma homocysteine, vitamin B6 biomarker (plasma pyridoxal-5-phosphate), and glycated hemoglobin.

Conclusions

The results suggest that it may be possible for a health care professional to make an initial evaluation, with a high level of confidence, of the potential for cognitive dysfunction using only a few short, noninvasive questions, thus providing a quick, efficient, and noninvasive way to help them decide whether or not a patient requires a full cognitive evaluation. This approach has the potential benefits of making time and cost savings for health service providers and avoiding stress created through unnecessary cognitive assessments in low-risk patients.
Testing Wearable UV Sensors to Improve Sun Protection in Young Adults at an Outdoor Festival: Field Study
Authors: Horsham Caitlin , Antrobus Jodie , Olsen Catherine M , Ford Helen , Abernethy David , Hacker Elke
Published: September 2020

Background

Australia and New Zealand have the highest skin cancer incidence rates worldwide, and sun exposure is the main risk factor for developing skin cancer. Sun exposure during childhood and adolescence is a critical factor in developing skin cancer later in life.

Objective

This study aims to test the effectiveness of wearable UV sensors to increase sun protection habits (SPH) and prevent sunburn in adolescents.

Methods

During the weeklong school leavers outdoor festival (November 2019) at the Gold Coast, Australia, registered attendees aged 15-19 years were recruited into the field study. Participants were provided with a wearable UV sensor and free sunscreen. The primary outcome was sun exposure practices using the SPH index. Secondary outcomes were self-reported sunburns, sunscreen use, and satisfaction with the wearable UV sensor.

Results

A total of 663 participants were enrolled in the study, and complete data were available for 188 participants (188/663, 28.4% response rate). Participants provided with a wearable UV sensor significantly improved their use of sunglasses (P=.004) and sunscreen use both on the face (P<.001) and on other parts of the body (P=.005). However, the use of long-sleeve shirts (P<.001) and the use of a hat (P<.001) decreased. During the study period, 31.4% (59/188) of the participants reported receiving one or more sunburns. Satisfaction with the wearable UV sensor was high, with 73.4% (138/188) of participants reporting the UV sensor was helpful to remind them to use sun protection.

Conclusions

Devices that target health behaviors when outdoors, such as wearable UV sensors, may improve use of sunscreen and sunglasses in adolescents.
Ethical Challenges and Opportunities Associated With the Ability to Perform Medical Screening From Interactions With Search Engines: Viewpoint (Preprint)
Authors: Yom-Tov Elad , Cherlow Yuval
Published: September 2020

UNSTRUCTURED

Recent research has shown the efficacy of screening for serious medical conditions from data collected while people interact with online services. In particular, queries to search engines and the interactions with them were shown to be advantageous for screening a range of conditions including diabetes, several forms of cancer, eating disorders, and depression.
These screening abilities offer unique advantages in that they can serve a broad strata of the society, including people in underserved populations and in countries with poor access to medical services. However, these advantages need to be balanced against the potential harm to privacy, autonomy, and nonmaleficence, which are recognized as the cornerstones of ethical medical care.
Here, we discuss these opportunities and challenges, both when collecting data to develop online screening services and when deploying them. We offer several solutions that balance the advantages of these services with the ethical challenges they pose.
Blue-Collar Workers Entrepreneurial Intentions and The Extended Theory of Reasoned Action: Incorporating SEM and Person-Item Map Analysis
Authors: Wibowo Hermansyah Andi , Indarti Nurul
Published: September 2020

Introduction/Main Objectives: Blue-collar workers face major threats related to the development and application of Industry 4.0. Unfortunately, research on how they deal with this situation is scarce in the behavioral science literature. In this study, we attempt to fill this gap by emphasizing a methodological aspect of combining structural equation modeling (SEM) and person-item map analysis to the extended model of the theory of reasoned action. Novelty and Methods: We offer the notion of combining SEM and Rasch model analysis to explain the extended of theory of reasoned action. The respondents were blue-collar workers from Indonesia who have not yet started a business. Finding/Results: In line with our goal of applying intersubjective certification to the extended theory of reasoned action (TRA) model in the context of blue-collar workers, our results suggest that religiosity affects entrepreneurial intentions, both directly and indirectly, through attitude. The subjective norms have also been shown to influence the intention of blue-collar workers to become entrepreneurs. The extended TRA model has been proven empirically to have good predictive power, with a total effect of 83%. Conclusion: Regarding the sample issue, the person-item map is excellent for explaining our SEM-based findings. The idea of combining the Rasch model property, which is a persons-items map, requires more empirical support to promote its ability to illuminate SEM-based research explanations.
Some Lessons from the COVID-19 Crisis
Authors: Kakonge Amb. John O.
Published: September 2020

Since the outbreak of the novel coronavirus early in 2020, many lessons have been learned, both positive and negative. This paper considers some general lessons that can be drawn and the implications for future health crises. Specifically, it considers the need for preparedness of countries, the necessity of having available Personal Protection Equipment (PPE), the value of nurses, and the importance of scientist participation in decision-making. The article draws from examples across the world but pays special attention to Africa.
A Review of Anthony Pym’s Translator Ethics
Authors: Ning Gao , Chuanmao Tian
Published: September 2020

This paper further reviews translator ethics thoughts proposed by Anthony Pym from the following three main aspects: the view of translation determines the view of translation ethics, the identity of translators, translator’s responsibility and intercultural cooperation. It has been found that from the perspective of translation profession, Pym clarifies the identity of the translator, takes the translator’s responsibility as the basis of translation ethic basis, and aims at contributing intercultural cooperation. Although the construction of translator-centered translation ethics is of great value and innovative significance, there are still many points worthy of further discussion, such as the scope of application of translator ethics, other types of the identity of translators, Whether "Translator Ethics" can take replace of "Translation Ethics" and under what circumstances it is best for translators not to translate and so on.
PEMBUATAN KOMIK SEBAGAI BENTUK PENGEMBANGAN KREATIVITAS SISWA DALAM MENULIS
Authors: Afrinda Putri Dian , Yanda Diyan Permata , Tatalia Ricci Gemarni
Published: September 2020

Kegiatan pengabdian ini dilaksanakan untuk menumbuhkan kreativitas siswa dalam menulis dengan menyajikannya dalam bentuk komik. Dalam proses pembelajaran menulis yang berlangsung selama ini, komik dijadikan sebagai media untuk merangsang kreativitas dan imajinasi siswa. Namun dalam kegiatan ini komik dijadikan sebagai produk atau hasil kegiatan menulis siswa yaitu dengan menampilkan tulisan dalam bentuk gambar yang memiliki tokoh latar dan alur sehingga mereka bisa menciptakan karakter dan isi cerita sendiri dengan gambar-gambar yang mereka senangi. Metode yang dilaksanakan dalam kegiatan ini adalah dengan memberikan pelatihan dalam bentuk tahap-tahap atau fase-fase kegiatan selama empat minggu dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe STAD. Hasil kegiatan pengabdian dijabarkan sebagai berikut. Pertama, untuk indikator tokoh diperoleh hasil 80 persen siswa mampu menciptakan tokoh. Kedua, untuk indikator alur diperoleh hasil sebanyak 70 persen siswa mampu merancang alur. Ketiga, untuk indikator tema, sebanyak 90 persen siswa mampu menyesuaikan cerita dengan tema. Keempat, untuk indikator gambar dan penggunaan bahasa, sebanyak 70 persen siswa mampu memadukan bahasa dan gambar menjadi komunikatif.
Pyoderma Profile In The Dermato-Venereology Outpatient Unit Of Aisyiyah Islamic Hospital Malang On January-December 2017
Authors: Nurainiwati Sri Adila , Mira Mira
Published: September 2020

Background:Pyoderma is a skin infection caused by gram-positive bacteria such as Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, or both, which are still one of the main problems causing high morbidity rates, especially in developing countries and tropical climates, including Indonesia.Objective: To find out the pattern of pyoderma in the outpatients from Dermatovenereology unit of AisyiyahIslamic Hispital on January-December 2017.Methods: This retrospective study extracted data from the medical records of Dermatovenereology outpatient unit of AisyiyahIslamic Hospital in the January-December 2017 time frame.Results: The incidence of pyoderma at Aisyiyah Islamic Hospital in Malang during 2017 was 46 cases (11.03%). The incidence of pyoderma is higher in males (56.52%) and according to age, the most affected age group is 0-11 years (39%). The most common level of education is SMA/MA (high school), which is 34.78%. Most types of pyoderma are impetigo (32.6%). The most used systemic antibiotic therapy is cefixime at 35.71% and the most used topical therapy is mupirocin (42.86%).Conclusion: The most impetigo type of pyoderma, males, with the most age group is 0-11 years, high school education level, the most used systemic therapy is cefixime and the most used topical therapy is mupirocin.
Accelerated variational algorithms for digital quantum simulation of many-body ground states
Authors: Lyu Chufan , Montenegro Victor , Bayat Abolfazl
Published: September 2020

One of the key applications for the emerging quantum simulators is to emulate the ground state of many-body systems, as it is of great interest in various fields from condensed matter physics to material science. Traditionally, in an analog sense, adiabatic evolution has been proposed to slowly evolve a simple Hamiltonian, initialized in its ground state, to the Hamiltonian of interest such that the final state becomes the desired ground state. Recently, variational methods have also been proposed and realized in quantum simulators for emulating the ground state of many-body systems. Here, we first provide a quantitative comparison between the adiabatic and variational methods with respect to required quantum resources on digital quantum simulators, namely the depth of the circuit and the number of two-qubit quantum gates. Our results show that the variational methods are less demanding with respect to these resources. However, they need to be hybridized with a classical optimization which can converge slowly. Therefore, as the second result of the paper, we provide two different approaches for speeding the convergence of the classical optimizer by taking a good initial guess for the parameters of the variational circuit. We show that these approaches are applicable to a wide range of Hamiltonian and provide significant improvement in the optimization procedure.
Subvenção e Assistência Governamentais: Um Estudo nas Empresas do Subsetor de Energia Elétrica Listadas na B3
Authors: Valdevino Rosângela Queiroz Souza , Miranda Mariza Camila de , Oliveira Adriana Martins de
Published: September 2020

Objetivo: Verificar a influência da Subvenção e Assistência Governamentais nas variáveis financeiras das empresas do subsetor de energia elétrica listadas na BM&FBovespa.

Fundamento: O presente trabalho enfatiza o reconhecimento, mensuração e evidenciação das Subvenção e Assistência Governamentais. Tendo em vista que é feito um levantamento de estudos anteriores mostrando as contribuições sobre o assunto.

Método: Analisou-se os anos de 2015 e 2016, das 60 empresas que constituem o subsetor de energia elétrica listadas na BM&FBovespa. Resultou em uma amostra de 15% (09 empresas). Desta forma o presente estudo utilizou-se de uma pesquisa descritiva quanto ao objetivo, adotando o procedimento documental, em que a abordagem empregada fora a quantitativa e não probabilística – do tipo por julgamento – quanto a técnica de amostragem. Foi utilizado o teste de correlação de Spearman.

Resultados: Verificou-se com os resultados, que no ano de 2015 não houve influência significativa, apenas fortes relações entre algumas variáveis, como o patrimônio líquido. Já no ano de 2016, houve correlação entre o recebimento de Subvenção e Assistência Governamentais com as variáveis financeiras estudadas, destacando a variável patrimônio líquido; a influência significativa detectada no ano de 2016, justifica-se pelos fatores: crescimento de vendas, renovação de concessões e venda de ativos.

Contribuições: A pesquisa tem as contribuições teórica e prática. Nesse sentido, a primeira se refere ao levantamento da Subvenção e Assistência Governamentais a luz do CPC 07 (R1). De forma prática o estudo mostra como a SAG pode influenciar nas variáveis financeiras de um setor.
A Influência da Governança Corporativa e do Auditor na Divulgação sobre Riscos
Authors: Serra Sara , Lemos Kátia
Published: September 2020

Objetivo: O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar a relação existente entre a divulgação de informação sobre riscos e os mecanismos de governo das sociedades e o auditor externo. Fundamento:Pretende-se averiguar se estes mecanismos de redução das assimetrias de informação exercem alguma influência na informação divulgada. 
Método: Para tal, será realizada uma revisão de estudos empíricos relacionados com o tema em apreço, no sentido de identificar resultados prévios que comprovem a existência de influência do governo das sociedades e do auditor na divulgação sobre riscos. 
Resultados: Verifica-se que determinadas caraterísticas do Conselho de administração, a estrutura de propriedade e a existência de um Comité de gestão de risco autónomo, o valor dos honorários recebidos pelo auditor, o tipo de empresa de auditoria a que este se encontra associado, a dimensão da sua carteira de clientes e a constituição de uma Comissão de auditoria se encontram associados ao nível e qualidade da divulgação sobre riscos.
Contribuições:Este trabalho contribui para a investigação na área da divulgação de informação sobre riscos, sendo inovador no facto de se centrar especificamente no papel do governo das sociedades e no auditor na tomada de decisão sobre a quantidade e qualidade de informação a divulgar.
Target Costing in Micro and Small Companies from The IT Sector
Authors: Cunha Callado Antônio André , Callado Aldo Leonardo Cunha , Do Bomfim Emanoel Truta
Published: September 2020

This paper aimed to identify aspects of target costing within micro and small businesses in the IT sector. Data collection was made through the application of a structured questionnaire containing questions related to the level of adoption of principles associated with target costing by fourteen companies from the IT sector located in Campina Grande/PB, Brazil. Spearman correlation coefficient was used to test the statistical significance of relations between the profile of managers and aspects related to the organizational strategy. The results pointed out that manager's profile seems to influence the use of target costing principles in the management of costs in micro enterprises and small businesses investigated. Thus, it is observed that the characteristics of managers of micro and small businesses, such as age, training and position occupied, appear as factors that influence strategic formalization and the adoption of strategic cost management techniques, such as target costing.
Value Relevance do Cash Flow Return on Investment no Mercado Acionário Brasileiro
Authors: Souza Arlindo Nonato Morais , Soares José Mauro Madeiros Velôso , Tavares Adilson de Lima , Mol Anderson Luiz Rezende , Oliveira Atelmo Ferreira de
Published: September 2020

Objetivo: Verificar a associação entre o Cash Flow Return On Investment e o valor de mercado das firmas brasileiras listadas na B³, bem como os seus respectivos retornos acionários anuais.
Fundamento: O estudo apoia-se na existência de conteúdo informativo nas informações contábeis capazes de oferecer perspectivas sobre o desempenho futuro das organizações. Sendo demonstrado esta premissa por meio da associação entre o Cash Flow Returns On Investment e o valor de mercado e retorno anual.
Método: Foram selecionadas as companhias não financeiras listadas na B³, com dados suficientes para o cálculo do Cash Flow Return On Investment, valor de mercado, retorno contínuo e retorno anormal das empresas, durante o período 2010-2018. Para análise de regressão utilizou-se de dados em painel para os três modelos econométricos estimados.
Resultados: Os testes empíricos realizados demonstram: (i) associação positiva e significante entre o Cash Flow Return On Investment e o valor de mercado das empresas pesquisadas, bem como (ii) com seus respectivos retornos contínuo e anormal concordando com a fundamentação utilizada. Sendo assim, o resultado desta pesquisa, evidencia que o valor de mercado das empresas absorveu as informações dos retornos dos ativos pelo fluxo de caixa, sendo possível inferir que o Cash Flow Return On Investment pode ser informativo quanto as expectativas de desempenho futuro das empresas, levando em conta tanto os fluxos de caixa efetivamente gerados como os futuros fluxos a serem gerados no decorrer da vida útil de seus ativos, contribuindo assim de forma teórica e prática com a literatura.
Navigating Dizziness Together - An Arts-based Research of Dizziness in Social and Physical Environments
Authors: Ruth Anderwald  , Leonhard Grond
Published: September 2020

Taumel (Dizziness in German) arises locally and is situational, combining various elements. It can clear, cause a great stir, move heaven and earth: it destabilises. Dizziness, according to Plato, is creating the constitution of all philosophical thought by destabilising the basis of knowledge to a state of uncertainty. When we fall into Dizziness, we do so gradually, increasingly losing our ability to exercise control. Whether frightening or enjoyable, by falling into Dizziness we enter a state of heightened vulnerability, unsure of our abilities, perceptions, and processing – uncertain of ourselves. For the project Navigating Dizziness Together, visual artists and artist-researchers Ruth Anderwald and Leonhard Grond will study the phenomenon of Dizziness regarding strategies for navigation in social and physical contexts.

As this artistic research constitutes an artist’s novel, the creative strategy consists of two processes: the on-going arts-based, philosophical and scientific research, and the development of the visual and written narrative, synchronising both threads in the format of an artist’s novel. This innovative format does not only involve a written narration of the research process and findings, but includes other fields of the arts, such as films, performances, and public encounters. In this way, the project aims to uncover criteria and strategies that facilitate navigating Dizziness. The published book format defines its outcome and will present the project’s process and findings in a way that combines the perspectives of the disciplines and citizen scientists.

Together with co-operational partners Christian Hoffelner (artist, designer, lecturer, Department of Visual Communication, University of Art and Design, Linz), Anna Kim (writer, lecturer, Institute of the Art of Language and the Institute of Site-Specific Art University of Applied Arts Vienna), Marcus Steinweg (philosopher, professor for Art and Theory, State Academy of Fine Arts Karlsruhe) and PhD candidate Laura Brechmann (performance artist, scenic researcher, University of Applied Arts, Vienna) the team will carry out detailed research on the possibilities and impossibilities of Navigating Dizziness Together. On specific questions and challenges, expert consultants from the fields of architectural theory, political science, cultural science, visual and environmental studies, medical research and therapy will provide support for a holistic and cross-disciplinary reading of the topic.
Metal fumes: exposure to heavy metals, their relationship with oxidative stress and their effect on health
Authors: Gómez Marrugo Diana , León Méndez Deisy , Puello Silva Jorge , Granados Conde Clemente , León Méndez Glicerio
Published: September 2020

Metalworking industry, especially welding processes, is one of the most economically active in the world. Transformation and joining of metal parts are used in many labor activities, such as construction. Welding uses different metal mixtures to carry out bonding through various processes. The greatest chemical risk associated with welding is the emission of metallic fumes, which enter the body mainly through the respiratory system, producing effects in all systems of the human body. Therefore, studies are needed to support the control of exposures to these chemicals in the workplace, as well as the limitation of emissions to the environment, by governments, employers, and workers.
Arcillas activadas para el blanqueamiento del aceite de palma y remoción del colorante azul índigo carmín del agua
Authors: Montaño Diego F. , Rosero Milton , Torres Palma Ricardo
Published: September 2020

Introducción. El uso de las arcillas activadas mediante modificación química para la adsorción y remoción de analitos en diferentes matrices ha abierto una gran ventana en la investigación de las potencialidades que tienen estas en campos diferentes a los que se ya se han estudiado, debido a su excelente capacidad de intercambio catiónico y sus grandes propiedades fisicoquímicas. En este trabajo se estudia la aplicación de las arcillas naturales tipo montmorillonitas sódicas (Mt-Na) activadas mediante agentes funcionalizantes específicos. Objetivo. Activar una arcilla tipo Mt-Na y emplearla en el proceso de blanqueamiento de aceite de palma crudo, y para la remoción del colorante índigo carmín usado en la industria textil. Materiales y métodos. La arcilla fue provista por la compañía Bentominercol S.A.S. (Líbano-Tolima). El aceite crudo de palma fue adquirido en la planta palmicultora Oleodavila en la región de Tumaco (Nariño). Los reactivos químicos usados son de grado analítico. La arcilla modificada fue caracterizada mediante rayos X, análisis térmico TGA, y espectroscopia de infrarrojo FTIR. Resultados. Se logro el blanqueamiento del aceite de palma crudo, obteniéndose una capacidad de blanqueamiento CB del 96 %. También fue usada en la adsorción del colorante índigo carmín en una matriz de agua preparada contaminada con dicho colorante, en donde se logró la remoción de hasta el 97 % de dicho colorante en agua. Conclusiones. Las arcillas tipo montmorillonita son un material de fácil modificación o funcionalización estructural, lo que permite la obtención de nuevos materiales de aplicación técnica e industrial según los resultados aquí obtenidos.
An examination of the causality relationship between current and financial accounts in Turkey
Authors: Karahan Özcan , Çolak Olcay
Published: September 2020

In today?s economies, where commerce and the economy are strongly
interrelated, the relationship between current account and financial account
has become crucial. However, economists have not reached a consensus
regarding the direction of the causality relationship between capital and
current accounts. Our study aims to contribute to the literature by
determining the direction of the causality relationship between current and
financial accounts in Turkey, applying the Johansen Cointegration Test and
the Vector Error Correction (VEC) model to quarterly data for 2002-2018. The
empirical results show that the causality relationship in Turkey runs from
the financial account to the current account. This means that capital
inflows to Turkey have the potential to deteriorate the current account
balance. Therefore, it is of crucial importance that Turkey implement
policies to manage the financial account in order to provide a current
account balance.