bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Utility of the second-generation curcumin analogue RL71 in canine histiocytic sarcoma
Authors: Kelly Barnaby , Thamm Douglas , Rosengren Rhonda J.
Published: July 2023

Canine histiocytic sarcoma is an aggressive cancer, with a high rate of metastasis. Thus, novel therapeutic approaches are needed. Synthetic analogues of curcumin have elicited potent anti-cancer activity in multiple in vitro and in vivo models of human cancer. Furthermore, the compound 3,5-bis(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzylidene)-1-methylpiperidine-4-one (RL71) has recently exhibited potent cell cycle arrest and apoptotic induction in a canine osteosarcoma cell line. To determine its potency in canine histiocytic sarcoma cells, cell viability of DH82 and Nike cells was measured using the sulforhodamine B assay. Flow cytometry was then used to analyse both cell cycle distribution and apoptosis. Of the five curcumin analogues examined, RL71, had the highest potency with EC50 values of 0.66 ± 0.057 µM and 0.79 ± 0.13 µM in the DH82 and Nike cell lines, respectively. Furthermore, RL71 at the 1x EC50 concentration increased G2/M cell cycle arrest 2-fold, and at the 2x EC50 concentration increased the number of apoptotic cells 4-fold. These findings are consistent with previous work using RL71 in both canine and human cancer cell lines. Future research should be directed on time-dependent changes, and mechanistic investigation in greater detail to elucidate RL71 mechanisms of action.
Physiological response of diverse rice genotypes to simulated aerobic, and nitrogen deficiency conditions under hydroponic culture
Authors: Meena Hari Singh , Sathee Lekshmy
Published: July 2023

Direct sown, aerobic cultivation of rice is becoming increasingly popular among farmers due to the impending water and labour shortage. Previous reports suggest a decrease in nitrogen use efficiency of aerobic rice crop in comparison to irrigated rice. Moreover, aerobic rice soils have high ratio of nitrate: ammonical nitrogen in comparison to submerged paddies. Thirty rice genotypes were screened under hydroponic conditions using two nitrogen treatments: T1 with high nitrogen (HN) in the form of NO3−and T2 with low nitrogen (LN). Relative biomass accumulation, total chlorophyll, and carotenoid content were used to evaluate N deficiency tolerance of the rice seedlings. Results showed a range in total chlorophyll content from 0.87 to 2.57 mg g− 1FW in the HN treatment and 0.80 to 2.12 mg g− 1FW in the LN treatment, with total biomass ranging from 0.05 to 0.46g in HN and 0.013 to 0.089g in LN treated plants. Based on relative biomass accumulation and total chlorophyll content, two top-performing rice genotypes (Vandana and APO) and one poor-performing genotype (RBPIO-226) were identified. These selected genotypes were then grown for one month under hydroponic conditions in three nitrogen treatments: T1 HN, T2 high ammonium (HA) (NH4+), and T3 LN. Genotypes Vandana and APO exhibited better root growth and increased density and length of root hairs in both HN and HA in comparison to RBPIO-226., and The detailed physiological analysis suggested a contrasting responses to nitrogen deficiency were in the selected genotypes.
Industry payments to pediatricians in the United States between 2013 and 2021
Authors: Murayama Anju
Published: July 2023

Objectives
To evaluate the extent of research and non-research industry payments to pediatricians over a nine-year period between 2013 and 2021.
Study design
Using the general and research payments from the Open Payments Database between 2013 and 2021, this cross-sectional analysis examined the industry payments made to physicians whose primary specialty was pediatrics in the National Plan and Provider Enumeration System. Descriptive analyses were performed for the payment data overall and other pediatrician demographics. Trends in industry payments were analyzed by generalized estimating equation models.
Results
Of 99,764 pediatricians, 59,984 (60.1%) received a total of $297 million (12.8%) in general and $2 billion in associated research payments over the nine years. Median nine-year per-physician payments were $288 (interquartile range [IQR]: $88-958) in general and $65,343 (IQR: $16,763-255,208) in associated research payments. Pediatric allergists and immunologists received the highest per-physician median payments ($1,565), followed by pediatric endocrinologists ($1,368) and pediatric transplant hepatologists ($1,006). Male pediatricians were 1.06 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.05-1.09, p<0.001), 1.92 (95% CI: 1.73-2.13, p<0.001), and 1.56 (95% CI: 1.49-1.65, p<0.001) times more likely to receive general, direct research, and associated research payments than females, respectively. The number of pediatricians receiving general payments annually decreased by 1.5% (95% CI: -1.7% to -1.4%, p<0.001).
Conclusions
Most pediatricians received relatively small amounts of general payments and the number of pediatricians receiving the payments decreased annually.
Silver Nanoparticles for Enhancing the Efficiency of Micropropagation of Banana (Musa acuminata L.)
Authors: Samih M. Tamimi  , Halima Othman
Published: July 2023

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have numerous applications in plant biotechnology. The unique biological activities of AgNPs in reducing microbial contamination and promoting in vitro plant growth have encouraged their use in the development of novel culture systems for the in vitro cultivation of several plant species. In this study, the influence of (80 nm–100 nm) AgNPs on the micropropagation of banana was examined by incorporating AgNPs into shoot multiplication and rooting media at concentrations of 3 mg/L–15 mg/L. Biometric parameters for shoot multiplication (number of shoots/explant, shoot length and leaf surface area) and root development (number of roots/explant and root length) were analysed. In addition, shoot chlorophyll content, proline content and the possible impact of lipid peroxidation on membrane stability of plantlets were estimated. The results showed that all concentrations of AgNPs stimulated shoot growth and enhanced root development. The highest response was observed in media supplemented with 12 mg/L AgNPs. This optimal level of AgNPs caused a threefold increase in shoot growth parameter and a similar increase in root numbers/shoot and root length. Treatment with AgNPs at 12 mg/L also increased chlorophyll and proline content of shoots by 25% and 120% over control, respectively. Although the application of AgNPs increased the level of lipid peroxidation in shoots, it however, had a limited influence on membrane stability index. These results suggested that the administration of AgNPs to culture media can be effectively utilised for the enhancement of banana micropropagation with minimal toxic effects.
A Study on the Factors Influencing the Entrance Satisfaction of the Leased Store Owner in Seoul
Authors:   Korea Urban & Real Estate Association, Lee Young-Mok , Choi Min-Seob
Published: July 2023

This study was conducted with the aim of finding important influencing factors for Entrance satisfaction of rental stores in Seoul's collective shopping mall, and the main research results are as follows. First, economic characteristics were derived as variables that had the greatest impact on store satisfaction. Second, facility characteristics ranked second in influence. Third, commercial district characteristics, location characteristics, and institutional characteristics, which are the external environment and conditions of collective shopping malls, were found to affect store satisfaction, but their influence was not significant. Finally, it was found that the characteristics of management and operation did not affect store satisfaction. This study can find the significance of the study in that it was conducted from the perspective of rental store owners in research related to collective shopping malls in the field of real estate.
Estimation of glacier dynamics of the major glaciers of Bhutan using geospatial techniques
Authors: Thongley Thongley , Thakur Praveen K. , Khajuria Varun , Bhattarai Neharika , Choden Kuenzang , Chokila Chokila
Published: July 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine the glacier displacement, velocity, and thickness of seven major glaciers of Bhutan and predicted potential glacier lake formation site with its depth. We named the glacier identification (ID) number 1–7 for seven glaciers. From the study, the glacier velocity between the central trunk and snout saw rapid fluctuations in 1976–1978 with an average uncertainty velocity of ± 27.10 m/year and a decreasing velocity trend. The year 2013–2014 has the lowest uncertainty in glacier velocity, with a value of ±1.24 m/year. The glacier velocity progressively increases from the snout to the main central trunk for all the glaciers with a value of 0 to 98.63 m/year. The glacier with the highest average velocity is glacier ID 5, which has a velocity of 25.58 m/year. From 2000 and 2022, all of the glaciers’ thicknesses significantly decreased from 0 to 468.2 m. The thickness of glacier ID 6 was lowered by −192.3 ± 1.99 m, making it the highest among the seven glaciers. In the future, a glacier lake is predicted to form at the base of each glacier. Glacier ID 6 is predicted to form the largest lake with a surface area of 2.572 km2 and a depth of 208.5 m.
The machine learning and geostatistical approach for assessment of arsenic contamination levels using physicochemical properties of water
Authors: Chattopadhyay Arghya , Singh Anand Prakash , Kumar Siddharth , Pati Jayadeep , Rakshit Amitava
Published: July 2023

Arsenic contamination in groundwater due to natural or anthropogenic sources is responsible for carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks to humans and the ecosystem. The physicochemical properties of groundwater in the study area were determined in the laboratory using the samples collected across the Varanasi region of Uttar Pradesh, India. This paper analyses the physicochemical properties of water using machine learning, descriptive statistics, geostatistical and spatial analysis. Pearson correlation was used for feature selection and highly correlated features were selected for model creation. Hydrochemical facies of the study area were analyzed and the hyperparameters of machine learning models, i.e., multilayer perceptron, random forest (RF), naïve Bayes, and decision tree were optimized before training and testing the groundwater samples as high (1) or low (0) arsenic contamination levels based on the WHO 10 μg/L guideline value. The overall performance of the models was compared based on accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity value. Among all models, the RF algorithm outclasses other classifiers, as it has a high accuracy of 92.30%, a sensitivity of 100%, and a specificity of 75%. The accuracy result was compared to prior research, and the machine learning model may be used to continually monitor the amount of arsenic pollution in groundwater.
Anti-gout and Urate-lowering Potentials of Curcumin: A Review from
Bench to Beside
Authors: Jafari-Nozad Amir Masoud , Jafari Amirsajad , Yousefi Saman , Bakhshi Hasan , Farkhondeh Tahereh , Samarghandian Saeed
Published: July 2023

Background:

Gouty arthritis is a complex form of inflammatory arthritis, triggered
by the sedimentation of monosodium urate crystals in periarticular tissues, synovial
joints, and other sites in the body. Curcumin is a natural polyphenol compound, isolated
from the rhizome of the plant Curcuma longa, possessing countless physiological
features, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-rheumatic qualities.

Objective:

This study aimed to discuss the beneficial impacts of curcumin and its mechanism
in treating gout disease.

Methods:

Ten English and Persian databases were used to conduct a thorough literature
search. Studies examining the anti-gouty arthritis effects of curcumin and meeting the inclusion
criteria were included.

Results:

According to the studies, curcumin has shown xanthine oxidase and urate transporter-
1 inhibitory properties, uric acid inhibitory characteristics, and antioxidant and anti-
inflammatory effects. However, some articles found no prominent reduction in uric
acid levels.

Conclusion:

In this review, we emphasized the potency of curcumin and its compounds
against gouty arthritis. Despite the potency, we suggest an additional well-designed evaluation
of curcumin, before its therapeutic effectiveness is completely approved as an antigouty
arthritis agent.
Genetic Variants Impacting Angiogenesis Signaling Pathways in Glioblastoma Multiforme: A Systematic Review of Mutations and Polymorphisms
Authors: Eliyasi Dashtaki Masoumeh , Karimi Elham , Ghasemi Sorayya
Published: July 2023

Background:

Several signaling pathways are involved in the process of
angiogenesis, which is one of the most important hallmarks of glioblastoma multiforme
(GBM). Identifying related gene variants can help researchers work out what causes
anti-angiogenesis drug resistance.

Objective:

The goal of this systematic analysis was to identify all mutations and
polymorphisms involved in angiogenesis pathways in GBM and their impact on clinical
outcomes.

Methods:

The keywords include glioblastoma, angiogenesis, signaling pathway,
mutation, polymorphism, and related terms used to search ISI, PubMed, and Scopus for
relevant articles published up to January 2022. The PRISMA protocol was used to
conduct our systematic review. The related articles were taken into consideration. The
risk of bias in the associated articles was surveyed, as well as the article scoring. Two
authors collaborated on data extraction.

Results:

The inclusion criteria were included in 32 articles out of a total of 787 articles.
VEGF, HIF1a, EGFR, PI3K, and MAPK are the pathways that have been studied the
most. IDH1, VEGF, VEGFR, EGFR, and HIF1a are the genes with the highest frequency
of mutations or polymorphisms.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, this study found that angiogenesis in primary or recurrent
GBM is linked to gene changes in eleven signaling pathways. However, some of these
gene mutations have been researched numerous times in relation to angiogenesis, while
others have only been studied once. Understanding these changes will help us employ
combination therapies more effectively for GBM patients' survival and personal
medicine.
Different Patterns of Locus Coeruleus MRI Alteration in Alzheimer’s and
Dementia with Lewy Bodies
Authors: Galgani Alessandro , Palermo Giovanni , Lombardo Francesco , Martini Nicola , Bastiani Luca , Vergallo Andrea , Tommasini Luca , Bellini Gabriele , Baldacci Filippo , Frosini Daniela , Tognoni Gloria , Gesi Marco , Cademartiri Filippo , Fornai Francesco , Pavese Nicola , Ceravolo Roberto , Giorgi Filippo Sean
Published: July 2023

Background:

The integrity of Locus Coeruleus can be evaluated in vivo using specific
Magnetic Resonance Imaging sequences. While this nucleus has been shown to be degenerated both in
post-mortem and in vivo studies in Alzheimer’s Disease, for other neurodegenerative dementias such
as Dementia with Lewy Bodies this has only been shown ex-vivo.

Objective:

To evaluate the integrity of the Locus Coeruleus through Magnetic Resonance Imaging in
patients suffering from Dementia with Lewy Bodies and explore the possible differences with the Locus
Coeruleus alterations occurring in Alzheimer’s Dementia.

Methods:

Eleven patients with Dementia with Lewy Bodies and 35 with Alzheimer’s Dementia were
recruited and underwent Locus Coeruleus Magnetic Resonance Imaging, along with 52 cognitively
intact, age-matched controls. Images were analyzed applying an already developed template-based
approach; Locus Coeruleus signal was expressed through the Locus Coeruleus Contrast Ratio parameter,
and a locoregional analysis was performed.

Results:

Both groups of patients showed significantly lower values of Locus Coeruleus Contrast Ratio
when compared to controls. A different pattern of spatial involvement was found; patients affected by
Dementia with Lewy bodies showed global and bilateral involvement of the Locus Coeruleus, whereas
the alterations in Alzheimer’s Dementia patients were more likely to be localized in the rostral part of
the left nucleus.

Conclusions:

Magnetic Resonance Imaging successfully detects widespread Locus Coeruleus degeneration
in patients suffering from Dementia with Lewy Bodies. Further studies, in larger cohorts and in
earlier stages of the disease, are needed to better disclose the potential diagnostic and prognostic role
of this neuroradiological tool.
Epigenetics of Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Multi-level Analysis
Combining Epi-signature, Age Acceleration, Epigenetic Drift and Rare
Epivariations Using Public Datasets
Authors: Davide Gentilini , Rebecca Cavagnola , Irene Possenti , Luciano Calzari , Francesco Ranucci , Marta Nola , Miriam Olivola , Natascia Brondino , Pierluigi Politi
Published: July 2023

Background:

Epigenetics of Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) is still an understudied
field. The majority of the studies on the topic used an approach based on mere classification of cases
and controls.

Objective:

The present study aimed at providing a multi-level approach in which different types of
epigenetic analysis (epigenetic drift, age acceleration) are combined.

Methods:

We used publicly available datasets from blood (n = 3) and brain tissues (n = 3), separately.
Firstly, we evaluated for each dataset and meta-analyzed the differential methylation profile between cases
and controls. Secondly, we analyzed age acceleration, epigenetic drift and rare epigenetic variations.

Results:

We observed a significant epi-signature of ASD in blood but not in brain specimens. We did
not observe significant age acceleration in ASD, while epigenetic drift was significantly higher compared
to controls. We reported the presence of significant rare epigenetic variations in 41 genes, 35 of
which were never associated with ASD. Almost all genes were involved in pathways linked to ASD
etiopathogenesis (i.e., neuronal development, mitochondrial metabolism, lipid biosynthesis and antigen
presentation).

Conclusion:

Our data support the hypothesis of the use of blood epi-signature as a potential tool for
diagnosis and prognosis of ASD. The presence of an enhanced epigenetic drift, especially in brain,
which is linked to cellular replication, may suggest that alteration in epigenetics may occur at a very
early developmental stage (i.e., fetal) when neuronal replication is still high.
The Prospects of Phytomedicines and Nanomedicines to Treat Leishmaniasis:
A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Swami Rajan , Aggarwal Keshav
Published: July 2023

The global shift in lifestyle has prompted health agencies to redirect their focus from
poverty-related diseases to the emergence of lifestyle diseases prevalent in privileged regions. As
a result, these diseases have been labeled as "neglected diseases," receiving limited research attention,
funding, and resources. Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs) encompass a diverse group of
vector-borne protozoal diseases that are prevalent in tropical areas worldwide. Among these NTDs
is leishmaniasis, a disease that affects populations globally and manifests as skin abnormalities,
internal organ involvement, and mucous-related abnormalities. Due to the lack of effective and
safe medicines and vaccines, it is crucial to explore alternative resources. Phytomedicine, which
comprises therapeutic herbal constituents with anti-leishmanial properties, holds promise but is
limited by its poor physicochemical properties. The emerging field of nanomedicine has shown
remarkable potential in revitalizing the anti-leishmanial efficacy of these phytoconstituents. In this
investigation, we aim to highlight and discuss key plant constituents in combination with nanotechnology
that have been explored in the fight against leishmaniasis.
Insights of Nutravigilance in Ayurveda Classics
Authors: Ranade Anagha , Tomar Samata , Acharya Rabinarayan , Pawar Sharad D.
Published: July 2023

Ahara, i.e., diet, possesses a very significant place in Ayurveda which is
evident from its inclusion among Trayoupastambha (three main pillars of life).
According to classical literature, Ayurveda places significant importance on food and
categorizes it in various ways based on factors such as an individual's constitution,
properties of the food, therapeutic benefits, and more. Food has been considered as
medicine, and according to pathya Kalpana, dietary restrictions along with disease specific recipes have been vividly mentioned. Apt, optimal and dexterous use of them
facilitates the human body to sustain its integrity, being enriched with bala (strength),
varna (complexion), and upachaya (growth of nourishment) till longevity. Considering
the essentiality of food, the treatise has also focussed on the need for vigilance in the
case of diet. Thus, this chapter is an effort to discuss the insights into nutra-vigilance
from Ayurveda Classics.
Ten Topics to Get Started in Medical Informatics Research
Authors: Wolfien Markus , Ahmadi Najia , Fitzer Kai , Grummt Sophia , Heine Kilian-Ludwig , Jung Ian-C , Krefting Dagmar , Kühn Andreas , Peng Yuan , Reinecke Ines , Scheel Julia , Schmidt Tobias , Schmücker Paul , Schüttler Christina , Waltemath Dagmar , Zoch Michele , Sedlmayr Martin
Published: July 2023

The vast and heterogeneous data being constantly generated in clinics can provide great wealth for patients and research alike. The quickly evolving field of medical informatics research has contributed numerous concepts, algorithms, and standards to facilitate this development. However, these difficult relationships, complex terminologies, and multiple implementations can present obstacles for people who want to get active in the field. With a particular focus on medical informatics research conducted in Germany, we present in our Viewpoint a set of 10 important topics to improve the overall interdisciplinary communication between different stakeholders (eg, physicians, computational experts, experimentalists, students, patient representatives). This may lower the barriers to entry and offer a starting point for collaborations at different levels. The suggested topics are briefly introduced, then general best practice guidance is given, and further resources for in-depth reading or hands-on tutorials are recommended. In addition, the topics are set to cover current aspects and open research gaps of the medical informatics domain, including data regulations and concepts; data harmonization and processing; and data evaluation, visualization, and dissemination. In addition, we give an example on how these topics can be integrated in a medical informatics curriculum for higher education. By recognizing these topics, readers will be able to (1) set clinical and research data into the context of medical informatics, understanding what is possible to achieve with data or how data should be handled in terms of data privacy and storage; (2) distinguish current interoperability standards and obtain first insights into the processes leading to effective data transfer and analysis; and (3) value the use of newly developed technical approaches to utilize the full potential of clinical data.
Peer Support Self-Management Intervention for Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes in Rural Primary Care Settings: Protocol for a Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Zhong Xuefeng , Li Shaohua , Luo Meng , Ma Xinyu , Fisher Edwin B
Published: July 2023

Background

The increasing prevalence of diabetes is placing important demands on the Chinese health care system. Providing self-management programs to the fast-growing number of people with diabetes presents an urgent need in rural primary care settings in China. Peer support has demonstrated effectiveness in improving self-management for individuals with diabetes in urban communities in China. A priority then becomes developing and evaluating a peer support program in primary care settings in rural communities of China and determining whether it is feasible and acceptable.

Objective

The aims of this study are (1) to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of a peer support approach to type 2 diabetes self-management in rural primary care settings; (2) to identify enabler and facilitator factors likely to influence the peer support implementation; (3) to provide primary data and evidence for developing a version of the program suitable for a randomized controlled trial in rural primary care settings.

Methods

Three townships will be sampled from 3 different counties of Anhui province as the study setting. Participants will be recruited based on these counties’ local primary care health record system. The peer supporters will be recruited from among the participants. The peer support program will be led by peer supporters who have completed 12 hours of training. It will be guided by primary care providers. The program will include biweekly meetings over 3 months with varied peer support contacts between meetings to encourage the implementation of diabetes self-management. Mixed methods will be used for evaluation. Qualitative methods will be used to collect information from health care system professionals, individuals with diabetes, and peer supporters. Quantitative methods will be used to collect baseline data and data at the end of the 3-month intervention regarding psychosocial factors and self-management practices.

Results

The results will include (1) quantitative baseline data that will characterize type 2 diabetes self-management practices of individuals with diabetes; (2) qualitative data that will identify enablers of and barriers to self-management practices for individuals with type 2 diabetes in rural communities; (3) both qualitative and quantitative evaluation data, after the 3-month intervention, to demonstrate the feasibility and acceptability of the peer support approach for individuals with type 2 diabetes.

Conclusions

Our findings will inform the design of a tailored intervention program to improve self-management among individuals with type 2 diabetes in rural primary care settings. If we find that the peer support approach is feasible and acceptable, we will develop a larger randomized controlled trial to evaluate effectiveness in multiple rural settings in the province.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

PRR1-10.2196/47822
Assessing the Relationship Between Digital Trail Making Test Performance and IT Task Performance: Empirical Study (Preprint)
Authors: Depauw Tanguy , Boasen Jared , Léger Pierre-Majorique , Sénécal Sylvain
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND

Cognitive functional ability affects the accessibility of IT and is thus something that should be controlled for in user experience (UX) research. However, many cognitive function assessment batteries are long and complex, making them impractical for use in conventional experimental time frames. Therefore, there is a need for a short and reliable cognitive assessment that has discriminant validity for cognitive functions needed for general IT tasks. One potential candidate is the Trail Making Test (TMT).

OBJECTIVE

This study investigated the usefulness of a digital TMT as a cognitive profiling tool in IT-related UX research by assessing its predictive validity on general IT task performance and exploring its discriminant validity according to discrete cognitive functions required to perform the IT task.

METHODS

A digital TMT (parts A and B) named Axon was administered to 27 healthy participants, followed by administration of 5 IT tasks in the form of CAPTCHAs (Completely Automated Public Turing tests to Tell Computers and Humans Apart). The discrete cognitive functions required to perform each CAPTCHA were rated by trained evaluators. To further explain and cross-validate our results, the original TMT and 2 psychological assessments of visuomotor and short-term memory function were administered.

RESULTS

Axon A and B were administrable in less than 5 minutes, and overall performance was significantly predictive of general IT task performance (F5,19=6.352; P=.001; Λ=0.374). This result was driven by performance on Axon B (F5,19=3.382; P=.02; Λ=0.529), particularly for IT tasks involving the combination of executive processing with visual object and pattern recognition. Furthermore, Axon was cross-validated with the original TMT (Pcorr=.001 and Pcorr=.017 for A and B, respectively) and visuomotor and short-term memory tasks.

CONCLUSIONS

The results demonstrate that variance in IT task performance among an age-homogenous neurotypical population can be related to intersubject variance in cognitive function as assessed by Axon. Although Axon’s predictive validity seemed stronger for tasks involving the combination of executive function with visual object and pattern recognition, these cognitive functions are arguably relevant to the majority of IT interfaces. Considering its short administration time and remote implementability, the Axon digital TMT demonstrates the potential to be a useful cognitive profiling tool for IT-based UX research.
The Mood, Mother and Child Study: Protocol for a Prospective Longitudinal Study and Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Mills-Koonce W Roger , Grewen Karen , O’Shea Nisha Gottredson , Pearson Brenda , Strange Chelsea Grace , Meltzer-Brody Samantha E , Guintivano Jerry Dolph , Stuebe Alison M
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND

Perinatal depression affects >400,000 mother-child dyads in the United States every year and is associated with numerous adverse maternal and child developmental outcomes. Previous research implicates the dysregulation of oxytocin and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis functioning in mothers and children as potential mechanisms mediating or moderating the transmission of risk associated with maternal depression.

OBJECTIVE

The Mood, Mother and Child study will examine the psychobiological sources of risk and resilience within mother-child dyads affected by maternal depression. This manuscript describes (1) the study rationale and aims, (2) the research design and procedures and how they were altered in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, and (3) the data analysis plan to test the study hypotheses.

METHODS

This is a prospective longitudinal study with an embedded randomized controlled trial that examines (1) correlations among postpartum depression and anxiety symptoms, maternal and child oxytocin and HPA axis functioning, and child developmental outcomes and (2) the causal relationship between exogenous oxytocin and HPA reactivity. This study is funded by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development with institutional review board approval.

RESULTS

Recruitment and data collection have commenced, and the expected results will be available in 2024. Analyses are presented for testing the proposed hypotheses.

CONCLUSIONS

The unique combination of a prospective longitudinal research design with an embedded randomized controlled trial will allow the Mood, Mother and Child study to apply a developmental lens to the study of maternal depression and anxiety symptoms from birth to middle childhood and the psychobiological mechanisms promoting risk and resiliency for both mother and child outcomes. This will be the first study that simultaneously evaluates (1) the role of oxytocin using multiple methodologies, (2) the causal relationships between exogenous oxytocin and HPA axis functioning among mothers with differing levels of depression and anxiety symptoms, and (3) the multiple mediating and moderating roles of parenting behaviors and maternal and child psychobiological characteristics. The goals of these aims are to provide insights into the psychobiological effects of oxytocin in women and inform future clinical trials to treat perinatal mood disorders.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03593473; https://classic.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03593473

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/51132
The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the self-management of Type 2 Diabetes: An Investigation of Reddit Data (Preprint)
Authors: Nagpal Meghan , Jalali Niloofar , Sherifali Diana , Morita Plinio , Cafazzo Joseph
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND

Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) is a chronic disease that can be managed in part through healthy behaviours. However, the COVID-19 pandemic impacted how people managed their condition. Using social media forums and analytics through Patient-Generated Health Data (PGHD) presents an opportunity to understand the health behaviours from the perspective of the patient.

OBJECTIVE

Our objective is to understand how the health behaviours and attitudes of people living with T2D were impacted by the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic by examining Reddit forums (using PGHD) for people living with T2D.

METHODS

Data from the Reddit forums related to T2D from January 2018 to early March 2021 were downloaded, and Support Vector Machines (SVMs) were used to classify if a post was made in the context of the pandemic. Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) topic modelling was performed to gather topics of discussion amongst the entire dataset and a subsequent iteration was performed to gather topics of discussion specific to the COVID-19 pandemic. Sentiment Analysis using the Valence Aware Dictionary for sEntiment Reasoning (VADER )algorithm was performed to gauge attitudes towards the pandemic.

RESULTS

Of all posts, topics of discussion were classified into themes of Managing Lifestyle, Managing Blood Glucose, Obtaining Diabetes Care, and Coping & Receiving Support. Amongst the COVID-specific posts topics of discussion were Coping with Poor Mental Health, Accessing Doctor & Medications and Controlling Blood Glucose, Changing Food Habits during Pandemic, Impact of Stress of Blood Glucose Levels, Changing Status of Employment & Insurance, Risk of COVID Complications. Overall, posts classified as COVID-related had were associated with lower sentiment than those classified as “noncovid.”

CONCLUSIONS

Topics of discussion gauged from the Reddit forums provide a holistic perspective of the impact of the pandemic on people living with T2D. Overall, the early stages of the pandemic negatively impacted the attitudes of people living with T2D.
Presence and Dispersion of Organic and Inorganic Contaminants in Groundwater
Authors: Basharat Usman , Zhang Wenjing , Jat Baloch Muhammad Yousuf , Abbasi Arshad , Khan Basit Ali , Mahroof Sehrish , Khan Shoukat Husain , Niaz Abrar , Irshad Maryam
Published: July 2023

This paper offers an extensive examination of studies published in the recent past and highlights the documented issues surrounding groundwater pollution, its sources, and distribution worldwide. The depletion of groundwater resources and the deteriorating overall quality present a significant cause for concern, particularly as a large human population relies on groundwater as a drinking water source. The review focuses on various factors contributing to groundwater pollution, including anthropogenic activities, hydro climatological influences, and natural processes. Special attention is given to organic contaminants such as pesticides, herbicides, and emerging pollutants, which have been found to have a substantial impact on groundwater quality. Additionally, the review covers pollution caused by inorganic pollutants like arsenic and other heavy metals, with a particular emphasis on regions experiencing a higher incidence of these contaminants in groundwater. Furthermore, the paper includes a compilation of studies that highlight the increased occurrence of waterborne illnesses resulting from fecal and microbial contamination, often caused by inadequate sanitary practices. To provide a comprehensive understanding of the global groundwater pollution problem, the review also encompasses an examination of contaminants like fluoride and nitrate.
El Cine de Roberto Gerstmann
Authors: Bajas Irizar María Paz , Alvarado Pérez Margarita , Maturana Díaz Felipe , Helmke Miquel Ignacio
Published: July 2023

This article analyses Roberto Gerstmann’s cinematographic work, focusing on Chile -Visión en Colores, a series of footage from throughout Chile between 1938 and 1960. Given the scarcity of film footage from the period, the series is clearly valuable in terms of national heritage. The researchers examine aesthetic and anthropological aspects of the production using a qualitative methodology that involves organizing and categorizing images. The images of natural, socioeconomic and cultural elements were arranged narratively into a thematic structure. The subsequent aesthetic and anthropological analysis focused on visual devices and procedures to demonstrate that the author employed technical and compositional elements that he developed in a manner very consistent with his photography. Thus, the analysis suggests that Gerstmann should be considered a photographer/filmmaker.
La enseñanza de las lenguas minoritarias en Francia por inmersión lingüística, paridad horaria e iniciación
Authors: Urteaga Eguzki
Published: July 2023

Tras la sentencia del Tribunal Constitucional galo que invalida dos artículos relevantes de la ley Molac, especialmente aquel relativo a la enseñanza de las lenguas minoritarias según el método de la inmersión lingüística, es preciso realizar un estudio pormenorizado, tanto de la situación presente de las lenguas regionales en el Hexágono como del marco legislativo y reglamentario vigente en materia de enseñanza de estas lenguas, considerando esta enseñanza en cuanto a modelos, matriculaciones y resultados académicos se refiere. Lo cierto es que la sentencia del alto tribunal, que juzga el modelo basado en la inmersión lingüística como contrario a la carta magna, genera una situación de incertidumbre jurídica y suscita una reacción virulenta tanto de los electos locales como de las asociaciones que defienden y promueven las lenguas minoritarias.
Teoría del Proceso
Authors:   UNAM/FES Aragón, Ornelas Garnica Esmeralda
Published: July 2023

Esta obra estudia a detalle las competencias judiciales, la jerarquía establecida que ayuda a mejorar la calidad en la especialización profesional de quienes dicen el derecho a través de diversos tipos de resoluciones, dando así competencia para resolver controversias, sin dejar de lado la protección a los sujetos pasivos de la función judicial, ya que la imparcialidad y objetividad deben ser el sello que marca el sentido de sus fallos, en caso de no ser así analizaremos las figuras necesarias para dar equilibrio a la relación entre quienes participan, logrando revertir cualquier tipo de abuso respecto del ejercicio de funciones públicas a través de instancias superiores.
La importancia de la investigación científica en medicina
Authors: Mendoza-Sánchez Daniela , Quintana-Zúñiga Ángel Alberto , Díaz-Quiñonez Alberto
Published: July 2023

El ser humano cuestiona por naturaleza, esto le ha permitido en las ciencias médicas obtener conocimientos de gran relevancia para el diagnóstico y tratamiento de enfermedades. En el presente trabajo se revisan algunos sucesos importantes en el desarrollo de la investigación científica en medicina, de forma breve, aspectos relacionados con la difusión de resultados en investigación, a través de artículos científicos y el proceso que se debe seguir para que estos puedan ser conocidos por la comunidad científica y la población en general.
Event-driven Architecture and REST Architectural Style: An Exploratory Study on Modularity
Authors: Farias Kleinner , Lazzari Luan
Published: July 2023

Event-driven architecture has been widely adopted in the software industry, emerging as an alternative to the development of enterprise applications based on REST architectural style. However, little is known about the effects of event-driven architecture on modularity while enterprise applications evolve. Consequently, practitioners end up adopting it without any empirical evidence about its impacts on essential indicators, including separation of concerns, coupling, cohesion, complexity, and size. This article, therefore, reports an exploratory study comparing event-driven architecture and REST style in terms of modularity. A realistic application was developed using an event-driven architecture and REST through ve evolution scenarios. In each scenario, a feature was added. The generated versions were compared using ten metrics. The initial results suggest that the event-driven architecture improved the separation of concerns, but was outperformed considering the metrics of coupling, cohesion, complexity and size. The findings are encouraging and can be seen as a first step in a more ambitious agenda to empirically evaluate the bene ts of event-driven architecture against the REST architectural style.
A Qualitative Study on the Performance of Online class by Music Teachers in Middle School
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Hwang Bunam
Published: July 2023

Objectives The purpose of this study is to analyze the music teachers’ stories about ‘how to teach regular middle school music curriculum and what to experience’ in the situation of the COVID-19 Pandemic and to suggest the implications for how to improve the online music class.
Methods Based on the narrative inquiry method, this study focused on exploring the meaning, that is, knowledge, created by collecting stories about non-face-to-face remote classes of middle school music teachers. For this study, three middle school music teachers in Seoul, who are guiding the music curriculum of the revised 2015 curriculum in middle schools, were selected as study participants. Although it was difficult to select research participants for in-depth interviews with middle school music remote classes, the selection of research participants was centered on experienced teachers with a lot of educational experience. In-depth interviews were conducted as a qualitative research method of Hatch, and the results were analyzed.
Results First, the music teachers said that they taught students music theory and music appreciation-oriented learning contents, one-way online classes, and reduced evaluation. Second, the stories about what music teachers experienced showed the difficulties in the urgent and rough music online class environment, using unfamiliar music platforms and making learning contents and frequently changed academic schedules.
Conclusions Through this study, we can derive suggestions on how to improve the online music class of middle school music teachers as follows: First, music teachers should enhance technological capabilities for Digital·AI devices. Second, Music teachers should be able to produce music content for feedback and cooperative communication. Third, music teachers should develop evaluation content tools centered on each student's development process.
The Effects of Professionalism, Emotional Expression on the Personality of Early Childhood Teachers
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Yuk Myungsin , Liem Youngock
Published: July 2023

Objectives The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship between early childhood teachers' recognition of professionalism, emotional expression, and personality. Also to verify the effect of early childhood teachers' professionalism and emotional expression on personality and the mediating effect of emotional expression.
Methods 390 early childhood teachers working in D Metropolitan City were selected and 355 copies of questionnaires were used (excluding 15 out of 370 insincere ones collected) from November 21, 2022 to December 15, 2022. The Sobel test was conducted for frequency analysis, descriptive statistics, reliability analysis, correlation analysis, multiple regression analysis, and mediation effect verification using the SPSS 23.0 program.
Results As a result of this study, first, it was found that early childhood teachers' professionalism and emotional expression had a significantly positive effect on personality. Second, early childhood teachers' emotional expressiveness was verified to have the effect of partially mediating the relationship between professionalism and personality.
Conclusions As a result of the study, early childhood teachers should improve their personality, which prioritizes the warm attitude of humanity required by society. Thus, early childhood teachers must have professional recognition as a professional who receives social status and economic compensation by raising the level of planning, execution and evaluation of learning. In addition, communication must be made with positive emotional expression for the normal growth and development of young children. To this end, it is necessary to create a stable educational environment and to provide teacher education and skilled training through various educational support. In addition, the importance of the humane side of early childhood teachers who have cultivated good character must be recognized. Therefore, it provides many theoretical and practical implications that can help develop high quality education in the field of early childhood education.
Medición del clima escolar en instituciones educativas públicas en Cali, Colombia
Authors: Soriano Marín Jorlen Ancizar
Published: July 2023

El objetivo del presente artículo es realizar una medición del clima escolar, con el fin de brindarles a las instituciones educativas públicas, un panorama concreto, basado en evidencias y con análisis cuantitativo de la situación. A nivel metodológico se recurre a un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal con un enfoque cuantitativo. Las variables abordadas en el presente estudio se agruparon en tres módulos: prueba de clima escolar, bienestar individual de estudiantes y funcionalidad familiar, así como encuesta de factores asociados al clima escolar. El estudio se desarrolló en 51 instituciones, con una población conformada por 38.047 estudiantes matriculados en grados 6 a 11. De acuerdo con los hallazgos, se puede concluir que el clima escolar se ve influenciado por dinámicas internas y externas. La disfuncionalidad de las familias, la falta de apoyo y guía incide en las relaciones del estudiante, factores de riesgos y de amenaza como robos, consumo y tráfico de sustancias psicotrópicas, presencia de armas, pandillas y consumo de alcohol, inciden en las relaciones de los estudiantes, conllevando a generar violencia e inseguridad al interior de las instituciones.
ANALISIS KOMPUTASIONAL APLIKASI SUN COMPASS DALAM PENENTUAN ARAH KIBLAT MUSLIM
Authors: Abdul Niri Mohamaddin , Ahmad Zaki Nurulhuda , Mohd Nor Mohamad Luqman Hakim
Published: July 2023

Sun Compass is a smartphone app that was developed to determine the Muslim qibla direction around the world. The invention of the Sun Compass is said to be a solution to the inaccuracy problem in Qibla app due to its susceptibility to magnetic interference. Based on the calibration technique of the sun’s shadow and true north reference, the Sun Compass showed a high accuracy of the Qibla direction angle. Therefore, this study was conducted to check the Sun Compass’s accuracy by comparing the Qibla direction display with the Qibla shadow. Data collection was carried out through field observation and the collected data were analysed computationally and comparatively. The results of the study found that the Sun Compass application has a deviation value of less than 0.5° with a 99%-confidence level of 0.1015 and it is still below the limit of deviation from the direction of the qibla (had al-tahawwul ‘ani al-qiblah) which, in Malaysia, is allowed for not more than 3°. This study concludes that the application of Sun Compass in assisting Muslims to determine the direction of Qibla is more accurate empirically than other Qibla apps.