bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Scaled-up nutrition education on pulse-cereal complementary food practice in Ethiopia: a cluster-randomized trial
Authors: Teshome Getenesh Berhanu , Whiting Susan J. , Green Timothy J. , Mulualem Demmelash , Henry Carol J.
Published: September 2020

Background

Improving children’s weight status through nutrition education (NE) for mothers about using pulses in complementary feeding has been demonstrated in pilot studies, but no effect on stunting was reported. The aim of the study was to assess the impact of a 9-month pulse-nutrition education program on improving mothers’ knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) towards pulses, as well as its effect on children’s diet diversity, and nutritional status. The NE was delivered by Health Extension Workers (HEWs).

Methods

A cluster randomized study was employed for the community-based interventional study. Twelve randomly selected villages in Sidama Zone, Southern Ethiopia were included in the study. A total of 772 mother-child pairs involved in the study; where 386 mother-child pairs in the intervention group received additional messages about pulse-cereal complementary food, and 386 pairs (the control) received only routine health education for 9 months. A survey on mothers’ KAP and anthropometric measurements of the children were taken at baseline, midpoint, and end point. ANOVA and descriptive statistics were used to analyzed data.

Results

At baseline and end point, maternal KAP and the dietary diversity score of the children (mean age at end point 18.8 ± 2.9 mo) were assessed. Intervention mothers’ KAP improved (p < 0.001) at midpoint and end point compared to that of the control group, as did frequency of pulse consumption and Dietary Diversity Score (DDS) among children. At 9 months, the prevalence of stunting, wasting, and underweight was significantly reduced in the intervention group compared to the control group (p = 0.001).

Conclusions

NE delivered by HEWs improved KAP of mothers regarding pulse consumption and dietary diversity of children led to improved nutritional status of the children. Training HEWs on the use of pulses for complementary food may be an effective way to improve the health of children in Ethiopian communities.

Trial registration

Clinicaltrials.gov #NCT02638571.

Date of registration: 12/18/2015.

Prospectively registered.
A description of a hepatitis A outbreak in men who have sex with men and public health measures implemented in Seine-Maritime department, Normandy, France, 2017
Authors: Nicolay Nathalie , Le Bourhis-Zaimi Maggie , Lesourd Anais , Martel Mélanie , Roque-Afonso Anne-Marie , Erouart Stéphane , Etienne Manuel , Ndeikoundam Ngangro Ndeindo
Published: September 2020

Background

In 2016–2017, a European-wide circulation of genotype IA hepatitis A virus was responsible for hepatitis A outbreaks in men who have sex with men (MSM). This study aimed to describe the outbreak investigation in Seine-Maritime department (France) and the control measures implemented accordingly.

Methods

Outbreak description used data from mandatory reporting and enhanced surveillance of male cases. Confirmed case was genotype IA isolated, possible cases had no reported genotype information. Targeted control measures included communication on sexual practices at risk of hepatitis A transmission and two vaccination campaigns in April 2017 and January 2018. Characteristics of cases and vaccinees were described. We reported the best communication channel for relaying outbreak information and control measures based on the monitoring of social network activities and feedback from vaccinees.

Results

During the outbreak period (December 2016 to December 2017), a total of 48 confirmed outbreak cases and 30 possible outbreak cases were notified. Among them, 69 were male (88%). Two epidemic waves were observed. Cases encountered their partners through gay-dating apps (54%) and in one specific sauna (62%). In response to the outbreak, two vaccination campaigns were deployed. A total of 156 MSM were vaccinated, of whom 56 in a truck parked beside the sauna. Most of the vaccinees had been informed about the campaign through dating apps (44%). Community-based organizations involved in sexual health promotion and other gay social media were very proactive in sharing information about the outbreak and promoting the vaccination campaign through their social media account and also on site (gay venues). Vaccinees reported the same sexual practices at risk of hepatitis A transmission as cases.

Conclusions

In response to this massive hepatitis A outbreak that affected mostly MSM in Seine-Maritime department, vaccination campaign remained the cornerstone of prevention. Prevention officers from the community-based organization played a key role in vaccination promotion. Gay-dating apps and outdoor sessions of vaccination allowed to effectively reach MSM. Cost-effectiveness studies might analyze the interest of a continuous sexual health promotion including vaccination against hepatitis A in MSM through dating apps and social networks.
Effects of transport stress on pathological injury and expression of main heat shock proteins in the caprine stomach
Authors: Hu Wei , Ye Tian , Yang Yanzhen , Liu Ben , Zheng Wenya
Published: September 2020

Background

Transportation is necessary to introduce new breeds of goats to the farm and move the adult meat goat from the farm to the slaughterhouse. However, these actions may give rise to transport stress. Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are playing some important regulate roles during transport stress. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of transport stress on the pathological injury and HSPs expression in the stomach of goats. A total of three batches of Ganxi goats from western Jiangxi province were enrolled in this study. For each batch, twelve healthy adult male goats were randomly divided into three groups (four goats per batch and per group): Control group, stress group transported during 2 h and stress group transported during 6 h.

Results

Our results showed that the different degrees of stomach walls damage, with the change of expression levels of heat shock protein 27 (HSP27), heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) and heat shock protein 90 (HSP90), occurred after goats transportation. In rumen, the mRNA and protein expressions of HSP27 and HSP70 were increased after transport stress, but not HSP90. In reticulum, all three HSPs mRNA and protein levels were upregulated after 2 h transport, but decreased after 6 h transport. In omasum, HSP27 and HSP70 mRNA and protein were increased after transport stress, however, HSP90 mRNA level only had a slightly enhancement after transport stress. In abomasum, HSP70 and HSP90 mRNA and protein levels were increased after transport stress, but HSP27 was decreased after transport stress.

Conclusions

Taken together, these results revealed that the pathological changes in the gastric tissues and the stomach HSPs expression in goats are related to transport stress and duration. Moreover, this study also provides some new data to advocate reducing transport stress of goats and improving animal welfare.
The prognostic value of modified Glasgow Prognostic Score in pancreatic cancer: a meta-analysis
Authors: Zhang Huan , Ren Dianyun , Jin Xin , Wu Heshui
Published: September 2020

Background

Several studies were conducted to explore the prognostic value of modified Glasgow Prognostic Score (mGPS) in pancreatic cancer, which reported contradictory results. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to summarize and further investigate the correlation between mGPS and overall survival (OS) in pancreatic cancer.

Methods

A systematic literature search was performed in PubMed, EMBASE, ISI Web of Science, Cochrane library databases and OVID to identify eligible studies published from Jan 1, 2011 to June 20, 2020. Pooled hazard ratios (HRs) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to detect the prognostic significance of mGPS in patients with pancreatic cancer.

Results

A total of 222 non-repetitive studies were identified, and 20 related studies that explored the association between survival outcomes and mGPS in pancreatic cancer patients were finally enrolled in this meta-analysis. The results showed a significant correlation between high level of mGPS and poor OS (HR = 1.50, 95% CI 1.20–1.89, P < 0.0001). Similar results were observed in the subgroup analyses based on the treatment regimen and research region.

Conclusions

Our study suggested the close association between poor prognosis and high level of mGPS, which will be helpful for future clinical applications in patients with pancreatic cancer.
Neuroprotective effect of Angelica gigas root in a mouse model of ischemic brain injury through MAPK signaling pathway regulation
Authors: Lee Se-Eun , Kim Jung-Hoon , Lim Chiyeon , Cho Suin
Published: September 2020

Background

The root ofAngelica gigasNakai (Apiaceae) has been traditionally used as an important herbal medicine to treat blood-deficiency-related disorders in Eastern Asian countries, and recently, it has been recognized as a potential candidate for improving cardiovascular diseases.

Methods

In this study, the neuroprotective effect of a methanol extract ofA. gigasroot (RAGE) was investigated in a mouse stroke model induced by a 90 min transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO). Infarction volumes and morphological changes in brain tissues were measured using TTC, cresyl violet, and H&E staining. The neuroprotective mechanism of RAGE was elucidated through investigation of protein expression levels using western blotting, IHC, and ELISA assays. The plasma concentrations of decursin, a major compound in RAGE, were measured after oral administration of RAGE to SD rats.

Results

The infarction volumes in brain tissues were significantly reduced and the morphological deteriorations in the brain neuron cells were improved in tMCAO mice when pre-treated with RAGE at 1000 mg/(kg bw·d) for two consecutive days. The neuroprotective mechanism of RAGE was confirmed to attenuate ERK-related MAPK signaling pathways in the ipsilateral hippocampus hemisphere in mice. The concentrations of decursin in rat plasma samples showed peak absorption and elimination in vivo after oral administration of RAGE at 100 mg/rat.

Conclusion

Mice administered RAGE before the tMCAO operation had less neuronal cell death than those that were not administered RAGE prior to the operation, and this study provides preclinical evidence for use ofA. gigasin ischemic stroke.
Remote sensing of the impact of flash drought events on terrestrial carbon dynamics over China
Authors: Zhang Miao , Yuan Xing , Otkin Jason A.
Published: September 2020

Background

Flash drought poses a great threat to terrestrial ecosystems and influences carbon dynamics due to its unusually rapid onset and increasing frequency in a warming climate. Understanding the response of regional terrestrial carbon dynamics to flash drought requires long-term observations of carbon fluxes and soil moisture at a large scale. Here, MODIS satellite observations of ecosystem productivity and ERA5 reanalysis modeling of soil moisture are used to detect the response of ecosystems to flash drought over China.

Results

The results show that GPP, NPP, and LAI respond to 79–86% of the flash drought events over China, with highest and lowest response frequency for NPP and LAI, respectively. The discrepancies in the response of GPP, NPP, and LAI to flash drought result from vegetation physiological and structural changes. The negative anomalies of GPP, NPP, and LAI occur within 19 days after the start of flash drought, with the fastest response occurring over North China, and slower responses in southern and northeastern China. Water use efficiency (WUE) is increased in most regions of China except for western regions during flash drought, illustrating the resilience of ecosystems to rapid changes in soil moisture conditions.

Conclusions

This study shows the rapid response of ecosystems to flash drought based on remote-sensing observations, especially for northern China with semiarid climates. Besides, NPP is more sensitive than GPP and LAI to flash drought under the influence of vegetation respiration and physiological regulations. Although the mean WUE increases during flash drought over most of China, western China shows less resilience to flash drought with little changes in WUE during the recovery stage. This study highlights the impacts of flash drought on ecosystems and the necessity to monitor rapid drought intensification.
Identification of risk features for complication in Gaucher’s disease patients: a machine learning analysis of the Spanish registry of Gaucher disease
Authors: Andrade-Campos Marcio M. , de Frutos Laura López , Cebolla Jorge J. , Serrano-Gonzalo Irene , Medrano-Engay Blanca , Roca-Espiau Mercedes , Gomez-Barrera Beatriz , Pérez-Heredia Jorge , Iniguez David , Giraldo Pilar
Published: September 2020

Background

Since enzyme replacement therapy for Gaucher disease (MIM#230800) has become available, both awareness of and the natural history of the disease have changed. However, there remain unmet needs such as the identification of patients at risk of developing bone crisis during therapy and late complications such as cancer or parkinsonism. The Spanish Gaucher Disease Registry has worked since 1993 to compile demographic, clinical, genetic, analytical, imaging and follow-up data from more than 400 patients. The aims of this study were to discover correlations between patients’ characteristics at diagnosis and to identify risk features for the development of late complications; for this a machine learning approach involving correlation networks and decision trees analyses was applied.

Results

A total of 358 patients, 340 type 1 Gaucher disease and 18 type 3 cases were selected. 18% were splenectomyzed and 39% had advanced bone disease. 81% of cases carried heterozygous genotype. 47% of them were diagnosed before the year 2000. Mean age at diagnosis and therapy were 28 and 31.5 years old (y.o.) respectively. 4% developed monoclonal gammopathy undetermined significance or Parkinson Disease, 6% cancer, and 10% died before this study. Previous splenectomy correlates with the development of skeletal complications and severe bone disease (p = 0.005); serum levels of IgA, delayed age at start therapy (> 9.5 y.o. since diagnosis) also correlates with severe bone disease at diagnosis and with the incidence of bone crisis during therapy. High IgG (> 1750 mg/dL) levels and age over 60 y.o. at diagnosis were found to be related with the development of cancer. When modelling the decision tree, patients with a delayed diagnosis and therapy were the most severe and with higher risk of complications.

Conclusions

Our work confirms previous observations, highlights the importance of early diagnosis and therapy and identifies new risk features such as high IgA and IgG levels for long-term complications.
Pulse pressure and end-tidal carbon dioxide for monitoring low native cardiac output during veno-arterial ECLS: a prospective observational study
Authors: Mourad Marc , Eliet Jacob , Zeroual Norddine , Saour Marine , Sentenac Pierre , Manna Federico , Molinari Nicolas , Gandet Thomas , Colson Pascal H. , Gaudard Philippe
Published: September 2020

Background

Veno-arterial extracorporeal life support (VA-ECLS) results in cardiopulmonary shunting with reduced native cardiac output (NCO). Low NCO occurrence is common and associated with risk of thromboembolic and pulmonary complications. Practical tools for monitoring NCO during VA-ECLS would therefore be valuable. Pulse pressure (PP) and end-tidal carbon dioxide (EtCO2) are known to be related to cardiac output. We have designed a study to test whether PP and EtCO2were efficient for the monitoring of NCO during VA-ECLS.

Methods

In this prospective single-center observational study, patients who underwent a VA-ECLS for cardiogenic shock from January 2016 to October 2017 were included, provided low NCO was suspected by a PP < 20 mmHg. NCO was measured with pulmonary artery catheter or echocardiography and compared to PP and EtCO2. The ability of PP and EtCO2to predict NCO < 1 L/min was evaluated with receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves.

Results

Among the 106 patients treated with VA-ECLS for cardiogenic shock during the study period, 26 were studied, allowing the collection of 196 study points. PP and EtCO2relationships with NCO were nonlinear and showed strong correlations for NCO < 2 L/min (r = 0.69 andr = 0.78 respectively). A PP < 15 mmHg and EtCO2 < 14 mmHg had good predictive values for detecting NCO < 1 L/min (area under ROC curve 0.93 [95% CI 0.89–0.96] and 0.97 [95% CI 0.94–0.99] respectively,p = 0.058).

Conclusions

PP and EtCO2may offer an accurate real-time monitoring of low NCO events during VA-ECLS support. Further studies are needed to show if their utilization may help to implement therapeutic strategies in order to prevent thromboembolic and respiratory complications associated with VA-ECLS, and to improve patients’ prognosis.

Trial registration

NCT03323268, July 12, 2016
Neuroplasticity induced by general anaesthesia: study protocol for a randomised cross-over clinical trial exploring the effects of sevoflurane and propofol on the brain – A 3-T magnetic resonance imaging study of healthy volunteers
Authors: Madsen Signe Sloth , Møller Kirsten , Olsen Karsten Skovgaard , Vestergaard Mark Bitsch , Lindberg Ulrich , Larsson Henrik Bo Wiberg , Mårtensson Johan , Werner Mads U. , Santos Sofia Alexandra Gaspar , Asghar Mohammad Sohail
Published: September 2020

Background

Although used extensively worldwide, the effects of general anaesthesia on the human brain remain largely elusive. Moreover, general anaesthesia may contribute to serious conditions or adverse events such as postoperative cognitive dysfunction and delirium. To understand the basic mechanisms of general anaesthesia, this project aims to study and compare possible de novo neuroplastic changes induced by two commonly used types of general anaesthesia, i.e. inhalation anaesthesia by sevoflurane and intravenously administered anaesthesia by propofol. In addition, we wish to to explore possible associations between neuroplastic changes, neuropsychological adverse effects and subjective changes in fatigue and well-being.

Methods

This is a randomised, participant- and assessor-blinded, cross-over clinical trial. Thirty healthy volunteers (male:female ratio 1:1) will be randomised to general anaesthesia by either sevoflurane or propofol. Multimodal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain will be performed before and after general anaesthesia and repeated after 1 and 8 days. Each magnetic resonance imaging session will be accompanied by cognitive testing and questionnaires on fatigue and well-being. After a wash-out period of 4 weeks, the volunteers will receive the other type of anaesthetic (sevoflurane or propofol), followed by the same series of tests. Primary outcomes: changes in T1-weighted 3D anatomy and diffusion tensor imaging. Secondary outcomes: changes in resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging, fatigue, well-being, cognitive function, correlations between magnetic resonance imaging findings and the clinical outcomes (questionnaires and cognitive function). Exploratory outcomes: changes in cerebral perfusion and oxygen metabolism, lactate, and response to visual stimuli.

Discussion

To the best of our knowledge, this is the most extensive and advanced series of studies with head-to-head comparison of two widely used methods for general anaesthesia. Recruitment was initiated in September 2019.

Trial registration

Approved by the Research Ethics Committee in the Capital Region of Denmark, ref. H-18028925 (6 September 2018). EudraCT and Danish Medicines Agency: 2018-001252-35 (23 March 2018). www.clinicaltrials.gov, ID: NCT04125121. Retrospectively registered on 10 October 2019.
A tai chi/qigong intervention for older adults living with HIV: a study protocol of an exploratory clinical trial
Authors: Ibañez Gladys E. , Fennie Kristopher , Larkey Linda , Hu Nan , Algarin Angel B. , Valdivia Chelsea , Lavretsky Helen
Published: September 2020

Background

Almost half of people living with HIV (PLWH) in the USA are over 50 years of age; this is expected to increase to 70% by 2020. Yet, few interventions exist for older PLWH that address psychological and physical symptoms combined, both prevalent in this population. There is a need to find innovative and accessible interventions that can help older PLWH to manage their symptoms. Mind-body interventions, like tai chi/qigong (TCQ), improve both physical and psychological health. TCQ is a series of slow, low-impact meditative movements that integrates breathwork, meditation, and stances.

Methods

The present study is an exploratory clinical trial that will evaluate the acceptability and feasibility of a 12-week, small group TCQ intervention (n = 24), a sham qigong control condition (n = 24), and a standard of care control condition (n = 24) for older people living with HIV/AIDS. It will also explore any preliminary associations between the TCQ intervention and symptom alleviation. Participants will be recruited from community-based health and social services organizations in Miami, FL, and randomized to one of the 3 conditions.

Discussion

We will assess feasibility and acceptability through questionnaires and adherence to TCQ. We will assess preliminary associations with symptoms such as depression, anxiety, social support, chronic HIV-related fatigue, and clinical outcomes. These will be described through proportions, means, and changes over time through graphing techniques. Outcomes will be assessed at baseline, at post-intervention, and at 3 months follow-up. These preliminary analyses also will provide information necessary to estimate effect size and power needed for a larger clinical trial.

Trial registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03840525. Registered on 16 July 2018.
AST/ALT ratio as a predictor of mortality and exacerbations of PM/DM-ILD in 1 year—a retrospective cohort study with 522 cases
Authors: Li Renjiao , Zhu Wen-Jun , Wang Faping , Tang Xiaoju , Luo Fengming
Published: September 2020

Objective

To assess the associations between aspartate transaminase/alanine transaminase ratio (DRR) and mortality in patients with polymyositis/dermatomyositis-associated interstitial lung disease (PM/DM-ILD).

Patients and methods

This was a retrospective cohort study, which included 522 patients with PM/DM-ILD whose DRR on admission were tested at West China Hospital of Sichuan University during the period from January 1, 2008, to December 31, 2018. Cox regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios for mortality in four predefined DRR strata (≤ 0.91, 0.91–1.26, 1.26–1.73, and > 1.73), after adjusting for age, sex, DRR stratum, diagnosis, overlap syndrome, hemoglobin, platelet count, white blood cell count, the percentage of neutrophils, neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio, albumin, creatine kinase, uric acid/creatinine ratio, triglycerides, or low-density lipoprotein.

Results

Higher DRR (> 1.73) was an independent predictor of 1-year mortality in multivariate Cox regression analysis (hazard ratio 3.423, 95% CI 1.481–7.911, p = .004). Patients with higher DRR more often required the use of mechanical ventilation and readmission for acute exacerbation of PM/DM-ILD at 1-year follow-up.

Conclusion

Higher DRR on admission for PM/DM-ILD patients are associated with increased mortality, risk of mechanical ventilation, and hospitalization in 1-year follow-up. This low-cost, easy-to-obtain, rapidly measured biomarker may be useful in the identification of high-risk PM/DM-ILD patients that could benefit from intensive management.
Protected complex percutaneous coronary intervention and transcatheter aortic valve replacement using extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in a high-risk frail patient: a case report
Authors: Kmiec Lukasz , Holzamer Andreas , Fischer Marcus , Debl Kurt , Zerdzitzki Matthäus , Schmid Christof , Maier Lars , Hilker Michael , Sossalla Samuel
Published: September 2020

Background

Transcatheter aortic valve replacement has become a routine procedure for patients with severe symptomatic aortic stenosis at increased surgical risk. Not much is known about using prophylactic support with venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement and eventually concomitant complex percutaneous coronary intervention.

Case presentation

We present a successful procedure of transcatheter aortic valve replacement and high-risk percutaneous coronary intervention utilizing venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for hemodynamic support in a very frail 88-year-old Caucasian woman with severe symptomatic aortic stenosis and coronary bypass grafting in the past.

Echocardiography revealed a “low-flow low-gradient” aortic stenosis (mean transvalvular gradient 30 mmHg, aortic valve area 0.4 cm2, significant calcification), a left ventricular ejection fraction of 35%, severe mitral regurgitation with moderate stenosis (mean transvalvular gradient 7 mmHg), with a systolic pulmonary artery pressure of 80 mmHg. Moreover, pre-interventional coronary angiography exposed a severe left main ostial stenosis and sequential subtotal heavily calcified stenosis of the left anterior descending artery . Computed tomographic angiography showed no heavy tortuosity but moderate calcification of the iliofemoral arteries.

The procedure was performed under general anesthesia in our hybrid operating room. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation was established by left femoral percutaneous cannulation using a 21-Fr venous and 15-Fr arterial cannula. Subsequently, complex percutaneous coronary intervention with implantation of two drug-eluting stents from the left main into the left anterior descending artery was performed via a right femoral arterial 7F sheath. Thereafter, a 23-mm Sapien 3 aortic valve prosthesis (Edwards, Irvine, CA, USA) was implanted via right femoral artery in the usual manner, whereby the arterial pigtail catheter for marking the aortic annulus during transcatheter aortic valve replacement was inserted over a Check-Flo® Hemostasis Assembly (Cook Medical, Bloomington, IN, USA) on a Y-adapter via the arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation cannula. After extracorporeal membrane oxygenation decannulation, vascular closure was easily performed using the MANTA vascular closure device in order to reduce procedural time and risk of access site complications.

Conclusions

In summary, we demonstrate the feasibility of elective prophylactic extracorporeal membrane oxygenation implementation in selected very high-risk and frail patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement and percutaneous coronary intervention in order to avoid intraprocedural complications.
Influence of bone condition on implant placement accuracy with computer-guided surgery
Authors: Putra Ramadhan Hardani , Yoda Nobuhiro , Iikubo Masahiro , Kataoka Yoshihiro , Yamauchi Kensuke , Koyama Shigeto , Cooray Upul , Astuti Eha Renwi , Takahashi Tetsu , Sasaki Keiichi
Published: September 2020

Background

The impact of the jaw bone condition, such as bone quantity and quality in the implant placement site, affecting the accuracy of implant placement with computer-guided surgery (CGS) remains unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the influence of bone condition, i.e., bone density, bone width, and cortical bone thickness at the crestal bone on the accuracy of implant placement with CGS.

Methods

A total of 47 tissue-level implants from 25 patients placed in the posterior mandibular area were studied. Implant placement position was planned on the simulation software, Simplant® Pro 16, by superimposing preoperative computed tomography images with stereolithography data of diagnostic wax-up on the dental cast. Implant placement surgery was performed using the surgical guide plate to reflect the planned implant position. The post-surgical dental cast was scanned to determine the position of the placed implant. Linear and vertical deviations between planned and placed implants were calculated. Deviations at both platform and apical of the implant were measured in the bucco-lingual and mesio-distal directions. Intra- and inter-observer variabilities were calculated to ensure measurement reliability. Multiple linear regression analysis was employed to investigate the effect of the bone condition, such as density, width, and cortical bone thickness at the implant site area, on the accuracy of implant placement (α= 0.05).

Result

Intra- and inter-observer variabilities of these measurements showed excellent agreement (intra class correlation coefficient ± 0.90). Bone condition significantly influenced the accuracy of implant placement using CGS (p < 0.05). Both bone density and width were found to be significant predictors.

Conclusions

Low bone density and/or narrow bucco-lingual width near the alveolar bone crest in the implant placement site might be a risk factor influencing the accuracy of implant placement with CGS.
Immunohistochemical expression of receptors for luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRHR) in muscle-invasive Urothelial carcinoma of urinary bladder: a potential predictive marker for targeted cytotoxic LHRH hybrid analogs
Authors: Yasir Saba , Fernandez-Castro Gustavo , Bajwa Numra Aslam , Block Norman , Schally Andrew , Cote Richard , Jorda Merce
Published: September 2020

Background

Recurrent disease following failed chemotherapy for muscle-invasive urothelial carcinoma (UC) has no universally accepted treatment guidelines. Receptors for luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRHR) have recently been identified in urothelial cancer cell lines as well as tissue samples. These receptors can be used as target for cytotoxic hybrid analogs of LHRH. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of LHRHR expression in muscle invasive UC by immunohistochemistry.

Methods

Fifty-two cases, including TURBTs (31) and cystectomies (21), with at least muscle invasive UC were retrieved. Of 52 patients, 41 (78.8%) were male and 11 (21.1%) were female, with age ranging from 50 to 84 years. Immunohistochemical staining for LHRHR antibody (N-20, Santa Cruz, 1:50) was performed using the LSAB method. Membranous and/or granular cytoplasmic staining was considered as a positive reaction. Scoring was based on the percentage of positive tumor cells; negative (no staining), 1+ (1–25%), 2+ (26–50%), 3+ (51–75%), 4+ (> 75%).

Results

Of 52 UC cases, 32 (61%) were AJCC stage T2, 17 (33%) were T3, and 3 (6%) were T4. Of 52 cases, 30 (58%) were positive and 22 (42%) were negative for LHRHR. Of the 30 positive cases, 16 (53%) were scored 1+, 7 (23%) 2+, 5 (17%) 3+ and 2 (7%) 4 + .

Conclusions

More than half of the cases expressed LHRHR. Two-thirds of cases demonstrated focal (< 50%) immunoreactivity, which may cause false negative results in limited tissue samples. Immunohistochemical expression of LHRHR in UC can be a predictive marker for potential efficacy of LHRH cytotoxic hybrid analogs.
Recovery and resiliency of skin microbial communities on the southern leopard frog (Lithobates sphenocephalus) following two biotic disturbances
Authors: Weeks Denita M. , Parris Matthew J. , Brown Shawn P.
Published: September 2020

Background

Microorganisms have intimate functional relationships with invertebrate and vertebrate taxa, with the potential to drastically impact health outcomes. Perturbations that affect microbial communities residing on animals can lead to dysbiosis, a change in the functional relationship, often associated with disease. Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd), a fungal pathogen of amphibians, has been responsible for catastrophic amphibian population declines around the globe. Amphibians harbor a diverse cutaneous microbiome, including some members which are known to be antagonistic to Bd (anti-Bd). Anti-Bd microorganisms facilitate the ability of some frog populations to persist in the presence of Bd, where other populations that lack anti-Bd microorganisms have declined. Research suggests disease-antagonistic properties of the microbiome may be a function of microbial community interactions, rather than individual bacterial species. Conservation efforts have identified amphibian-associated bacteria that exhibit anti-fungal properties for use as ‘probiotics’ on susceptible amphibian populations. Probiotic application, usually with a single bacterial species, may benefit from a greater understanding of amphibian species-specific microbiome responses to disturbances (e.g. dysbiosis vs. recovery). We assessed microbiome responses to two microbial disturbance events over multiple time points.

Results

Exposing Lithobates sphenocephalus (southern leopard frog) adults to the biopesticidal bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis, followed by exposure to the fungal pathogen Bd, did not have long term impacts on the microbiome. After initial shifts, microbial communities recovered and returned to a state that resembled pre-disturbance.

Conclusions

Our results indicate microbial communities on L. sphenocephalus are robust and resistant to permanent shifts from some disturbances. This resiliency of microbial communities may explain why L. sphenocephalus is not experiencing the population declines from Bd that impacts many other species. Conservation efforts may benefit from studies outlining amphibian species-specific microbiome responses to disturbances (e.g. dysbiosis vs. recovery). If microbial communities on a threatened amphibian species are unlikely to recover following a disturbance, additional measures may be implemented to ameliorate the impacts of physical and chemical stressors on host-associated microbial communities.
Renal cryoablation – a practical guide for interventional radiologists
Authors: Seager Matthew , Kumar Shankar , Lim Emma , Munneke Graham , Bandula Steve , Walkden Miles
Published: September 2020

Renal cryoablation is a treatment option for early stage renal cell carcinomas with excellent oncological outcomes and low morbidity. This review outlines the technique of renal cryoablation and provides a guide for interventional radiologists on setting up an integrated service within a renal cancer network multidisciplinary setting. Patient selection and preparation, together with the technical aspects which ensure optimal oncological outcomes and avoid collateral damage to adjacent organs are highlighted.
Topical Issues of Development of Audit Activity in Russia
Authors: Loseva N.
Published: September 2020

The article discusses topical issues of the development of audit activities, the quality of audit services, quality assurance, quality management of audit services in the context of the application of international auditing standards.
Cash Flow Statement in Russian and International Practice
Authors: Dmitrieva I. , Kharakoz Yu.
Published: September 2020

Th e article discusses the world practice of applying accounting standards for the formation of a cash flow statement. In particular, the requirements for providing information on cash flows in national accounting systems were studied: generally accepted accounting principles of the United States, international financial reporting standards and Russian standards.
Bayes Theorem Application for Assessing the Value of Individual Risk due to Rock Fall in Coal Mines
Authors: Kol'vah Konstantin
Published: September 2020

The data on fatality caused by rock fall in the country's coal mines during 2006-2017, and the values of individual risk at individual industrial facilities are presented. A mathematical model based on the Bayes theorem for estimating the value of fatality individual risk for workers of coal mines is provided. A classification for value of workers fatality individual risk in accordance with the frequency of rock fall in coal mines has been presented.
Analysis and Assessment of Fire Risks at the Baikal Region’s Technosphere Objects
Authors: Timofeeva Svetlana , Garmyshev V. , Dubrovin D. , Baatarsuren S.
Published: September 2020

The current period of society social and economic development is characterized by an increasing number of technosphere objects for various functional purpose. The study subject is emergency situations related to fires at Baikal region’s technosphere objects, which types and number have been presented. Based on fire monitoring, and using methods of social and mathematical statistics, in this paper have been presented indicators for fires effect in general, as well as on all basic types of region’s technosphere objects: in amount of fires, di-rect damage, death and injury of people, destroyed buildings. Based on existing methods and data from analytical studies of fires, an assessment of such integral fire risks as fires break-out, buildings destruction, direct material damage, death and injury of people on the basic types of Baikal region’s technosphere objects has been given for the first time. It has been established that the current state of technosphere objects’ fire safety does not meet the regulatory requirements.
ULTRA LOW FREQUENCY EMISSIONS RANGING FROM 0.1 TO 3 Hz IN CIRCUMPOLAR AREAS
Authors: Potapov Alexander , Guglielmi Anatol , Dovbnya Boris
Published: September 2020

We examine the characteristics of oscillations of two types in the high-frequency edge of the ULF range (0.1–3 Hz), serpentine emission (SE), and discrete frequency dispersed signals (DS). Oscillations of both the types are observed in the polar caps exclusively with induction magnetometers. Since these instruments are currently practically absent at high latitudes, the analysis has been carried out from records obtained at the stations Vostok and Thule close to the geomagnetic poles in 1968–1971. The DS occurrence rate is shown to have a sharp peak at local magnetic noon. This fact indicates that DS emergence is rigidly tied to the geomagnetic field line passing through the observation station. At the same time, the seasonal variation in the frequency of DS occurrence has a main peak in local summer and an additional peak in local winter. We have revealed before that at least a part of DS is excited in the foreshock region. Taking this into account, we can assume that the wave packets incident to the magnetopause fall on the external field lines mainly in the noon region and propagate along these lines in both directions, eventually reaching Earth’s surface in the polar regions. Unlike DS, the SE occurrence rate has neither a daily nor a seasonal variation. We have tested and confirmed indirectly the hypothesis put forward earlier about the excitation of SE by cyclotron instability of protons in the solar wind, simulating frequency variations in ion-cyclotron waves at different levels of interplanetary plasma perturbation and comparing the results with the SE frequency variations observed under similar conditions. We conclude that it is necessary to resume continuous observations of ULF emissions, using induction magnetometers installed in polar caps near the projections of cusps and near geomagnetic poles.
ANALYZING EXISTING APPLIED MODELS OF THE IONOSPHERE TO CALCULATE RADIO WAVE PROPAGATION AND A POSSIBILITY OF THEIR USE FOR RADAR-TRACKING SYSTEMS. II. DOMESTIC MODELS
Authors: Alpatov Viktor , Bekker Susanna , Kozlov Stanislav , Lyakhov Andrey , Yakim Valentin , Yakubovsky Sergey
Published: September 2020

We consider the ionospheric models that are suitable for over-the-horizon HF and UHF band radars. Namely, there are three such models: the numerical model developed by IZMIRAN and Fedorov Institute of Applied Geophysics, the numerical model designed by ISTP SB RAS and IDG RAS, and the probabilistic model worked out by IDG RAS. We briefly describe these models and report the results of the analysis of their compliance with radar requirements. Probabilistic models are shown to be most promising; hence, they must be placed at the frontier of ionosphere simulation.
Rio, Cidade Inteligente? Mobilidade de políticas e políticas de mobilidade no contexto dos megaeventos
Authors: Freire-Medeiros Bianca , Freitas João
Published: September 2020

Em paralelo ao urbanismo olímpico, um outro qualificativo de circulação global, igualmente complexo, porém menos discutido pelas ciências sociais brasileiras, emprestou legitimidade ao modelo de gestão urbana que se consolidou no Rio de Janeiro durante o ciclo dos megaeventos. O qualificativo a que nos referimos é o de “cidade inteligente” – tradução não literal de smart city. Nosso objetivo é examinar: a) sua inserção no fenômeno de “mobilidades de políticas”, que pressupõe tanto o fluxo global de ideias, técnicas e práticas encarnadas por políticos, lobistas, empresários etc., quanto a circulação de modelos supostamente eficientes a serem não apenas replicados, mas adaptados e ressignificados em cada localidade; b) suas premissas discursivas e orientações práticas que, apresentadas como politicamente neutras, legitimaram o emprego de sistemas tecnológicos de controle e monitoramento capazes de alterar as “políticas de mobilidade”, acirrando a desigualdade entre regimes de circulação em disputa na metrópole do Rio de Janeiro.
A escrita como artesanato: a experiência do escrever(-se)
Authors: Muniz Adriana Werneck Russo , Bastos Karine Oliveira , Amado Luiz Antônio Saléh
Published: September 2020

Um exercício de escrever(-se) “para não ser mais o mesmo” (FOUCAULT, 2010). Ao trazermos, para a composição deste artigo, escritas-anotações tecidas no território da academia, objetivamos expor efeitos e deslocamentos produzidos com o ato de escrever, como etopoiética, nos espaços institucionais de produção de conhecimento. Pensamos sobre o processo de produção de nossas escritas-pesquisas no campo educacional – que não se pretendem prescritivas, senão interrogativas de certas verdades – ao mesmo tempo em que somos convocados ao exercício estético do cuidar de si. Nessa aposta ético-política, nos aproximamos de uma escrita inspirada na problematização das relações entre a escrita de si e o cuidado de si, trazidas por Foucault (2004), e na noção de experiência, apresentada por Larrosa (2015).
O perigo da escrita: Michel Foucault, bell hooks e uma pesquisa feminista - inspirações que nos afetam
Authors: Marafon Giovanna , Almeida Yohanna Gomes de Souza , Nunes Andrea Chiesorin , Medeiros Giordana Moreira
Published: September 2020

Neste texto, problematizamos a relação afetiva com a escrita a partir da entrevista “O belo perigo”, em que Michel Foucault conversou com Claude Bonnefoy. A entrevista inspirou nossa escrita de uma pesquisa em educação, relacionando-a também com bell hooks. Convocamos o campo da pesquisa feminista, voltado a investigar a produção de um coletivo de mulheres, na Baixada Fluminense, que é produzido com a música e com o audiovisual, visando a uma educação antissexista. Na fruição de episódios audiovisuais com bandas de roque, que entrevistam produtoras e musicistas, percebemos uma estética e conteúdos sobre feminismo, racismo, resistências e criações das mulheres na arte e na cultura, por meio dos quais buscamos dar corpo a uma “arte da escrita”, continente da pesquisa em educação.
Reconfigurações biopolíticas no governo da infância: O dispositivo da psiquiatrização
Authors: Nogueira Juslaine De Fátima Abreu
Published: September 2020

Neste artigo, indago quais são as condições que têm possibilitado que a psiquiatrização da infância torne-se uma de nossas grandes verdades pedagógicas. Apropriando-me da ferramenta foucaultiana de governamentalidade e biopolítica, a partir da apresentação de fragmentos em forma de dossiê do prontuário de uma criança, teço uma análise sobre o funcionamento do dispositivo da psiquiatrização e de como este engendra um tipo de regulação que, sob uma base identitária, reinsere os corpos desviantes em novos gradientes de normalidade, garantindo que mesmo os que ocupam as franjas da inclusão – os que têm escapado do já estabilizado, decifrável e bem montado script das classificações - sejam abocanhados.
The Influence Aim Problem of Petitionary Prayer: A Cosmic Conflict Approach
Authors: Peckham John C.
Published: September 2020

This article addresses the problem of whether petitionary prayer, aimed at influencing God, is consistent with the traditional Christian affirmations of divine omniscience, omnipotence, and omnibenevolence. In this article, I first briefly articulate the problem of petitionary prayer, then briefly introduce and discuss some common approaches to resolving the problem. Finally, I introduce and discuss some implications of retrieving a cosmic conflict approach with rules of engagement as a possible avenue that warrants further consideration relative to the problem of petitionary prayer.
On Theology and Objectivity: A Northern Point of View to Analytic Theology
Authors: Vainio Olli-Pekka
Published: September 2020

Abstract: This paper has three aims. First, it provides the historical background necessary to understand the nature of academic systematic theology as it is currently being pursued in Nordic countries. Second, it questions whether the current methods of analytic theology are able to fulfill the desiderata of Nordic academic systematic theology. To this end, I suggest a specific methodological solution. Lastly, I assess if analytic theology can remain theological when using this methodology.
Qua Solution, 0-Qua Has Problems
Authors: Tedder Andrew , Paterson Grace , Ripley David
Published: September 2020

We present an objection to Beall & Henderson’s recent paper defending a solution to the fundamental problem of conciliar Christology using qua or secundum clauses. We argue that certain claims the acceptance/rejection of which distinguish the Conciliar Christian from others fail to so distinguish on Beall & Henderson’s 0-Qua view. This is because on their 0-Qua account, these claims are either acceptable both to Conciliar Christians as well as those who are not Conciliar Christians or because they are acceptable to neither.
Mechanisms of antixenosis, antibiosis, and tolerance of fourteen soybean genotypes in response to whiteflies (Bemisia tabaci)
Authors: SULISTYO APRI , INAYATI ALFI
Published: September 2020

Sulistyo A, Inayati A. 2016. Mechanisms of antixenosis, antibiosis, and tolerance of fourteen soybean genotypes in response to whiteflies (Bemisia tabaci). Biodiversitas 17: 447-453. The attack of whiteflies (Bemisia tabaci) in soybean cultivation in Indonesia is one of the limiting factors in increasing the national soybean production. Planting resistant varieties could reduce yield losses due to the damage caused by these pests. This study was conducted to evaluate the resistance of 14 soybean genotypes to the whiteflies. A free- choice and no-choice test was conducted in a green house to study the antixenosis and antibiosis. Meanwhile, field evaluation was conducted to determine the tolerance of soybean genotypes to the whiteflies. Determination of the resistance of soybean genotypes to whiteflies based on the intensity of leaf damage that occurs on fifth weeks after infestation. The results showed that in free-choice test, Gema, IAC-100/Kaba-6, Malabar/IAC-100-85, Kaba/IAC-100//Burangrang-60, and Kaba/IAC-100//Burangrang-63 showed antixenosis mechanism which correlates with length and low density of leaf trichomes as well as leaf thickness. In the no-choice test, antibiosis mechanism can be seen from the small number of adults that develop from nymphs. IAC-100/Kaba-8 and IAC-100/Kaba-14 showed a high degree of antibiosis. In addition, the results of field experiment showed that Gema, IAC-100/Kaba-14, and Tanggamus/Pangrango- 78 demonstrated a tolerance to whiteflies. It is shown on a slightly decreasing in yield of these three genotypes (17.33, 19.31, and 19.85%, respectively).