bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Strategi Pencegahan Stunting melalui Rumah Desa Sehat dan Pemanfaatan Lahan Pekarangan Rumah di Desa Karya Indah Kecamatan Buntulia Kabupaten Pohuwato
Authors: Kadir Rosma , Lantowa Jafar
Published: November 2020

School children are at a rapid development stage in their intellectual and skill processes and are beginning to have vigorous physical activities. To support the development and physical activity, school children need various kinds of nutrients in sufficient quantities in order to grow and develop properly, because the role of nutrition greatly determines the child's health condition.In this regard, many direct factors are affecting nutritional status, including food consumption and infectious diseases. Moreover, several indirect factors, such as knowledge, education, income level, parental education, and family size, also affected the nutritional status. In developing countries, including Indonesia, nutrition is becoming more critical in terms of public health because malnutrition can reduce immunity to several diseases, especially infectious diseases.This community service program aims to increase education and provide information about stunting through the dissemination of stunting prevention and fostering the creativity of the community through the utilization of the home yard. The implementation methods employed includeddissemination, the use of Poskesdes as a Healthy Village House, coaching, and community empowerment. Thematic Community Service Program outputs are dissemination activities, the formation of Healthy Village Houses and modules on the use of house yards, and the formation of garden models, which are the results of the utilization of house yards that can be emulated by people who want to use their houses as gardens. The advice given regarding this Community Service Program is that the local government needs to support the stunting prevention in the village, especially in Karya Indah Village. Moreover, awareness is needed from village officials, health cadres, and the community in managing Poskesdes as a Healthy Village Home. Guidance and support from village officials and youth organizations are also needed for the community regarding the utilization of home yards
Penerapan Penyusunan Laporan Keuangan Neraca Berbasis SAK-ETAP Pada UMKM
Authors: Ariesta Cindy , Nurhidayah Fitriyah
Published: November 2020

The purpose of this study is to find out how and assist in preparing balance sheet financial statements at Elden Coffee Eatery as MSME actors based on SAK-ETAP. This study uses descriptive research method. Sources of data used are secondary data and primary data. The results of this study indicate that the financial statements prepared by researchers based on SAK-ETAP present a balance sheet as an illustration of the business conditions at Elden Coffee Eatery. The balance sheet financial report is prepared based on data and information obtained from the owner of Elden Coffee Eatery in the first quarter (January - April 2020) then processed into a balance sheet financial report according to SAK-ETAP standards.
Pengaruh Sarana Prasarana dan Lingkungan Kerja terhadap Kinerja Guru Di SMP Negeri se-Kecamatan Prabumulih Barat
Authors: Marliya Marliya , Fitria Happy , Nurkhalis Nurkhalis
Published: November 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: 1) mengetahui dan mendeskripsikan pengaruh sarana dan prasarana terhadap kinerja guru; 2) mengetahui dan mendeskripsikan pengaruh lingkungan kerja terhadap kinerja guru; 3) mengetahui dan mendeskripsikan sarana prasarana dan lingkungan kerja terhadap kinerja guru. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa: 1) sarana prasarana berpengaruh secara signikan terhadap kinerja guru; 2) lingkungan kerja berpengaruh terhadap kinerja guru; 3) sarana prasarana dan lingkungan kerja berpengaruh bersama-sama terhadap kinerja guru.
Peran Kepemimpinan Kepala Sekolah dalam Meningkatkan Mutu Pendidikan melalui Manajemen Berbasis Sekolah
Authors: Kurniawati Emilia , Arafat Yasir , Puspita Yenny
Published: November 2020

Penelitian ini mendiskripsikan tentang peranan kepemimpinan dalam meningkatkan mutu pendidikan melalui Manajemen Berbasis Sekolah yang diterapkan di SD Negeri 14 Betung dengan rumusan masalah penelitiannya. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan penelitian kualitatif dengan jenis fenomenologic naturalistic. Data penelitian diperoleh dengan teknik pengamatan terlibat, wawancara mendalam dan dokumentasi. informan dalam penelitian ini, Kepala Sekolah dan guru. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa Kepala Sekolah telah melaksanakan peran utamanya sebagai pemimpin dan manajer dengan baik, di samping peran yang lainnya adalah seorang wirausahawan yang tangguh dalam upaya meningkatkan mutu pendidikan. Strategi yang dilakukan untuk meningkatkan mutu pendidikan di SD Negeri 14 Betung melalui Manajemen Berbasis Sekolah (MBS) cukup bagus, hal ini dapat dilihat dari kinerja kepala sekolah, guru, karyawan,dalam berkolaborasi dan menjalin komunikasi dalam melaksanakan setiap kegiatan yang menjadi tugas dan tanggung jawabnya demi tercapainya tujuan pendidikan yang diharapkan
İki Farklı Fakültede Öğrenim Gören Hemşirelik Öğrencilerinin Kariyer Geleceğine İlişkin Görüşlerinin Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: İLASLAN Emine , KALAV Simge , ESİRGENLER Abdullah , ABDULLAH Şiva , ER Fidan , TARHAN Esra , GÜNER Ferda
Published: November 2020

Amaç: Bu çalışma, farklı akademik ve klinik uygulama ortamlarında öğrenim gören hemşirelik öğrencilerinin kariyer geleceği, uyum ve iyimserlik düzeyleri arasında bir farklılık var mı sorusuna yanıt aramak amacıyla yapılmıştır.

Yöntem: Araştırmanın örneklemini ilçe kampüsünden 176, merkez kampüsten 225 olmak üzere toplam 401 hemşirelik öğrencisi oluşturmaktadır. Araştırma verileri “Öğrenci tanıtıcı bilgileri formu” ile “Kariyer Geleceği Ölçeği” ile yüz yüze görüşme yöntemiyle toplanmıştır. Verilerin analizi için SPSS 23.0 programı kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde tanımlayıcı istatistiklerin (ortalama, standart sapma, frekans) yanı sıra, iki grup arası değerlendirmelerde Mann Whitney U testi, ikiden fazla grup arası değerlendirmelerinde Kruskal Wallis testi; farklılığa neden olan grubun tespitinde ise post-hoc Games Howell testi kullanılmıştır.

Bulgular: İki farklı fakültede öğrenim gören öğrencilerin Kariyer Geleceği Ölçeği toplam ve alt boyut puan ortalamaları arasında anlamlı bir fark saptanmamıştır. Merkez kampüste öğrenim gören öğrencilerin Kariyer Geleceği Ölçeği toplam ve alt boyut puan ortalamaları ile “cinsiyet, mesleği kendi isteğiyle seçme, hemşirelikte bir modeli örnek alma, geleceğe yönelik mesleki pozisyonu planlama” değişkenleri arasında anlamlı fark bulunmuştur.

Sonuç: Öğrencilerin kariyer planlamaya ilişkin görüşlerinin akademik ve kinik ortamdan etkilendiği görülmektedir. Bu nedenle, okullar ve eğitimciler, hemşirelik lisans öğrencilerinin kendilerine özgü kariyer motivasyonuna daha fazla önem vermeli, daha iyimser olmalarını teşvik etmeli, daha profesyonel bir eğitim ortamı sunmalı ve kariyer uyumlarını teşvik etmek için rehberlik sağlamalıdır.
Millennial Record of Earthquakes in the Carpathian-Pannonian Region: Historical and Archaeoseismology
Authors: Kázmér Miklós , Győri Erzsébet
Published: November 2020

This is a short essay on earthquakes in the Carpathian-Pannonian region and its surroundings. Earthquakes have been recorded using seismographs since 1902 in Hungary. The relatively small number of seismic events and the long return period of major earthquakes make it necessary to use historical data in order to assess seismic hazard. Historical earthquake catalogues aim for exhaustiveness both in time and space, but they are limited by the lack of documentary data. A simple arithmetical assessment is provided to estimate our lack of knowledge of past seismic events. All destructive earthquakes of the twentieth century (above magnitude 5) are included in the catalogue (100%). Of the seismic events which took place in the seventeenth, eighteenth, and nineteenth centuries, only 23% are on record, while this figure drops to 4.6 percent for the eleventh–sixteenth centuries and 0.2 percent for the first millennium AD. On average, we have no information about 90% of the destructive earthquakes which occurred in the Carpathian-Pannonian region over the course of the past two millennia. According to both instrumental measurements and historical sources, there were relatively few earthquakes in the central era of the period of time in question. This era coincides roughly with the two centuries of Ottoman rule (the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries). Were there really few earthquakes over the course of these two centuries, or we do not have the relevant records? We contend that warfare resulted in the destruction of settlements and the annihilation of documents. Fragile historical documents can be supplemented by the study of robust edifices, an approach to the study of the past which is known as archaeoseismology. Evidence of damage and destruction can be identified, and earthquake parameters can be assessed. One can find evidence corroborating other sources indicating an earthquake (e.g. Savaria), and one can also identify traces of previously unknown seismic events (Visegrád). One can also assign intensity values to the existing historical records. Damage observed to a Roman road in Savaria, to the medieval donjon of Nagyvázsony offers support for our fundamental contention. In order to understand the seismic hazard that was faced in the Carpathian-Pannonian region, renewed study of historical sources and new archaeoseismological investigations are needed.
Dendrochronology and Environmental History: The Difficulties of Interpretation
Authors: Grynaeus András
Published: November 2020

The study provides insights into questions concerning forest management and timber use by drawing on case studies in the dendrochronological research which has been underway over the course of the past couple of decades in Hungary. The essay refers to natural resource-use and historical and demographic questions which arose in analyses of the wooden materials. The study questions some of the topoi of historical research, such as the immense forest loss traditionally associated with the Ottoman wars.
Transformations of Metal Supply during the Bronze Age in the Carpathian Basin
Authors: Kiss Viktória
Published: November 2020

This paper presents recent research questions which have been raised and methods which have been used in the study of Bronze Age metallurgy in connection with available natural resources (ores) in and around the Carpathian Basin. This topic fits in the most current trends in the research on European prehistoric archaeology. Given the lack of written sources, copper and bronze artifacts discovered in settlement and cemetery excavations and prehistoric mining sites provide the primary sources on which the studies in question are based. The aim of compositional and isotope analysis of copper and tin ores, metal tools, ornaments, and weapons is to determine the provenience of the raw materials and further an understanding of the chaine operatiore of prehistoric metal production. The Momentum Mobility Research Group of the Institute of Archaeology, Research Centre for the Humanities studies these metal artifacts using archaeological and scientific methods. It has focused on the first thousand years of the Bronze Age (2500–1500 BC). Multidisciplinary research include non-destructive XRF, PGAA (promptgamma activation), TOF-ND (time-of-flight neutron diffraction) analyses and neutron radiography, as well as destructive methods, e.g. metal sampling for compositional and lead isotope testing, alongside archaeological analysis. Microstructure studies are also efficient methods for determining the raw material and production techniques. The results suggest the use of regional ore sources and interregional connections, as well as several transformations in the exchange network of the prehistoric communities living in the Carpathian Basin.
Environmental Impacts of Medieval Uses of Natural Resources in the Carpathian Basin
Authors: F. Romhányi Beatrix , Pinke Zsolt , Laszlovszky József
Published: November 2020

Various natural resources were abundant in medieval Hungary, and contemporary sources offer a portrait of the kingdom as rich because of these natural conditions. The different forms in which these resources were put to use were decisive for the history of the Carpathian Basin, including its environmental history. In the Middle Ages, there were two key economic activities which played an especially significant role both in the sphere of local production and in foreign trade and which also had a significant environmental impact: livestock farming on the Great Plain (primarily but not exclusively of cattle) and mining, including the processing of primary metals, which was closely related to mining in certain mountain areas. On the basis of analyses of sources drawn from the monastic network, medieval rural churches, and selected archaeological findings and written evidence, we examine the environmental consequences of these activities with particular focus on the changes in the settlement network and relative population density. Our data suggest that the long-term effect of the prevailing practices in the most lucrative, export-oriented economic sectors of the late medieval Kingdom of Hungary—both of which contributed to the ability of the country to withstand pressures from the advancing Ottoman for about 130 years and to some extent even beyond—was serious environmental degradation in the affected regions. The environmental problems caused by these practices could not be fully overcome for a long time. Certainly, the impact was increased by the consequences of the Ottoman wars and the changing climatic conditions of the Little Ice Age, but the process began well before the Early Modern crisis, in some respects as early as in the late thirteenth and early fourteenth centuries.
Soberanía y Derecho Penal Internacional
Authors: Pérez Sánchez Cerro José Luis
Published: November 2020

En el presente artículo desarrollo brevemente los temas de la soberanía desde el punto de vista del derecho internacional y de cómo es necesario actualizar la legislación de los países, acorde con los avances de este. Se debe introducir, en el derecho interno de los países, cuestiones de derecho internacional moderno, indispensables para su aplicación y vigencia y como una manera de una efectiva incorporación del derecho internacional en la vida de los ciudadanos. El derecho Internacional, especialmente en el siglo XXI ha introducido un nuevo giro que introduce al individuo, a la persona humana, como elemento del derecho penal internacional, a raíz de los procesos que, intuitu personae, vienen tratándose en la Corte Penal Internacional.
Fuzzy Dark Matter and Dark Matter Halo Cores
Authors: Burkert A.
Published: November 2020

Whereas cold dark matter (CDM) simulations predict central dark matter cusps with densities that diverge as ρ(r) ∼  1/r, observations often indicate constant-density cores with finite central densities ρ
0 and a flat density distribution within a core radius r
0. This paper investigates whether this core–cusp problem can be solved by fuzzy dark matter (FDM), a hypothetical particle with a mass of the order of m ≈ 10−22 eV and a corresponding de Broglie wavelength on astrophysical scales. We show that galaxies with CDM halo virial masses M
vir ≤ 1011
M
⊙ follow two core-scaling relations. In addition to the well-known universal core column density Σ0 ≡  ρ
0 × r
0 = 75

pc−2, core radii increase with virial masses as r
0 ∼

with γ of order unity. Using the simulations by Schive et al. we demonstrate that FDM can explain the r
0–M
vir scaling relation if the virial masses of the observed galaxy sample scale with the formation redshift z as M
vir ∼ (1 + z)−0.4. The observed constant Σ0 is however in complete disagreement with FDM cores which are characterized by a steep dependence Σ0  ∼ r

, independent of z. More high-resolution simulations are now required to confirm the simulations of Schive et al. and explore the transition region between the soliton core and the surrounding halo. If these results hold, FDM can be ruled out as the origin of observed dark matter cores and other physical processes are required to account for their formation.
Cosmological Vlasov–Poisson Simulations of Structure Formation with Relic Neutrinos: Nonlinear Clustering and the Neutrino Mass
Authors: Yoshikawa Kohji , Tanaka Satoshi , Yoshida Naoki , Saito Shun
Published: November 2020

We present the results of cosmological simulations of large-scale structure formation with massive neutrinos. The phase-space distribution of the cosmic relic neutrinos is followed, for the first time, by directly integrating the six-dimensional Vlasov–Poisson equations. Our novel approach allows us to represent free streaming and clustering of neutrinos, and their gravitational interaction with cold dark matter accurately. We thus obtain solutions for the collisionless dynamics independent of conventional N-body methods. We perform a suite of hybrid N-body/Vlasov simulations with varying the neutrino mass, and systematically examine the dynamical effects of massive neutrinos on large-scale structure formation. Our simulations show characteristic large-scale clustering of the neutrinos and their coherent streaming motions relative to dark matter. The effective local neutrino “temperature” around massive galaxy clusters varies by several percent with respect to the cosmic mean; the neutrinos in clusters can be hotter or colder depending on the neutrino mass. We study a number of statistics of the large-scale structure and of dark matter halos in comparison with those obtained by N-body simulations and/or by perturbation theory. Our simulations mark an important milestone in numerical cosmology, and pave a new way to study cosmic structure formation with massive neutrinos.
Lux Ex Tenebris: The Imprint of Annihilating Dark Matter on the Intergalactic Medium during Cosmic Dawn
Authors: List Florian , Elahi Pascal J. , Lewis Geraint F.
Published: November 2020

Upcoming measurements of the highly redshifted 21 cm line with next-generation radio telescopes such as the Hydrogen Epoch of Reionization Array (HERA) and Square Kilometer Array will provide the intriguing opportunity to probe dark matter (DM) physics during the Epoch of Reionization, Cosmic Dawn, and the Dark Ages. With HERA already under construction, there is a pressing need to thoroughly understand the impact of DM physics on the intergalactic medium (IGM) during these epochs. We present first results of a hydrodynamic simulation suite with 2 × 5123 particles in a (100 h
−1 Mpc)3 box with DM annihilation and baryonic cooling physics. We focus on redshift z ∼ 11, just before reionization starts in our simulations, and discuss the imprint of DM annihilation on the IGM and on structure formation. We find that whereas structure formation is not affected by thermal weakly interacting massive particles heavier than m

χ
≳ 100 MeV, heating from

(GeV) DM particles may leave a significant imprint on the IGM that alters the 21 cm signal. Cold gas in low-density regions is particularly susceptible to the effects of DM heating. We note, however, that delayed energy deposition is not currently accounted for in our simulations.
Dataset of host records for introduced parasitoid wasp species (Hymenoptera) in New Zealand
Authors: Ward Darren , Brav-Cubitt Talia , Tassell Sarah
Published: November 2020

The introduction of species to new regions is occurring at an increasing rate. These introductions typically consist of species that are deliberately introduced for the purposes of biological control of pests or of species that are accidentally introduced through human-mediated transport networks.

Understanding the potential and actual impacts of these introduced species requires comprehensive information on their geographic distributions and biological associations.

However, apart from a few well-known case studies, such information is lacking for many introduced species which severely hinders further assessment of risks and impact.

A dataset is provided on host associations, geographic distributions and dates of collection for both deliberately and accidentally-introduced parasitoid wasp species (Hymenoptera) in New Zealand. Information was obtained by digitising specimens from the New Zealand Arthropod Collection. Dates of records range from 1921 to 2017.

The dataset includes 1265 specimen records, representing 127 parasitoid species from 12 families, with host records for 177 host species from 61 families and eight insect orders.

These data provide baseline information to help evaluate the risk from introduced parasitoids to non-target and native species.
Prototype Digital Signage System for Learning Material Delivery Focusing on Student Friendship
Authors: Mitsuhara Hiroyuki , Shishibori Masami
Published: November 2020

A digital signage system to deliver learning materials on a university campus is described. The proposed system identifies student viewers using a high-powered radio-frequency identification reader and delivers learning materials that are suita-ble for multiple students based on existing and potential friendships, which can be estimated from the learning material viewing data. The delivery of learning ma-terial can reinforce existing student friendships and identify potential friendships (i.e., unite unacquainted students who can potentially form a learning communi-ty). A preliminary experiment revealed that the existing-friendship estimation is currently inaccurate and unsuitable.
How Do Students Behave When Using A Tutoring System? Employing Data Mining to Identify Behavioral Patterns Associated to The Learning of Mathematics
Authors: Melendez-Armenta Roberto Angel , Huerta-Pacheco N. Sofia , Morales-Rosales Luis Alberto , Rebolledo-Mendez Genaro
Published: November 2020

The inclusion of technology in the academic processes has led to constant innovation and investment of resources to offer a first-level educational service, with international standards, methodologies, study plans, and last generation laboratories. This paper focuses on how teachers can make use of an educational technology tool that will allow them to identify patterns that are associated with learning based on human-computer interaction. We present evidence of learning outcomes based on the detection of behaviors in Intelligent Tutoring Systems. These patterns pave the way for the auto-matic identification of patterns in association to students’ learning while using an educational technological tool. The results suggest a model for student’s behavior identification when interacting with the technological tool “Scooter”. This model identifies students with prospective better learning outcomes as well as students with difficulties to solve math prob-lems. Work for the future will analyze data that comes from different set-tings apart from solving exercises in Scooter to prove the hypothesis that there are patterns of behavior associated to learning outcomes in different problem-solving situations presented by educational technology.
Formação de professores de língua e decolonialidade: o estágio supervisionado como espaço de (re) existências
Authors: Cadilhe Alexandre José , Leroy Henrique Rodrigues
Published: November 2020

Neste trabalho, objetivamos construir uma compreensão sobre o estágio na Licenciatura em Letras que se proponha a assumir um dos desafios colocados à formação docente: preparar o futuro profissional para criar possibilidades de aprendizagem em contextos diversos cultural e socialmente. Tal diversidade é refletida a partir da crítica à colonialidade como modo de subjetivação. Argumentamos que o lugar do estágio, na sua interseção entre a prática acadêmica e profissional, configura-se como um cenário potente para uma educação cujos projetos de ensino orientem-se por um trabalho que se ocupe em refletir e diminuir desigualdades sociais ao fazer uma pedagogia decolonial que aposte na mudança de atitudes. Para isso, apresentamos reflexões de práticas desenvolvidas por nós na orientação do estágio de Língua Portuguesa em duas universidades federais mineiras, concluindo com a proposição de três princípios para uma formação docente decolonial.Palavras-chave: Formação docente; Decolonialidade; Letramento.
Formação de professores numa perspectiva plurilíngue para o acolhimento linguístico de estudantes migrantes / refugiados
Authors: Cursino Carla Alessandra
Published: November 2020

Este trabalho propõe uma reflexão sobre a importância da formação de professores em abordagens plurais visando o acolhimento linguístico de migrantes e refugiados. O ambiente escolar e os cursos de português como língua de acolhimento são marcados pelo monolinguismo ou pelo bilinguismo que privilegia apenas idiomas de prestígio. Assim, apresentamos as abordagens plurais como alternativas para o ensino numa perspectiva plurilíngue em oposição à tradição monolíngue vigente. Na sequência, analisamos duas iniciativas que se inscrevem sob a ótica do plurilinguismo – a cartilha “Alunos Imigrantes na Escola” e o projeto “Literatura de Refúgio”. Nossas análises mostram que o sucesso da aprendizagem de estudantes migrantes está relacionado à possibilidade de mobilizar suas línguas e culturas simultaneamente à aquisição do português como língua adicional e isso ocorre apenas quando docentes desenvolvem suas competências plurilíngues.Palavras-chave: plurilinguismo; abordagens plurais; ensino no contexto de migração e refúgio.
Identidade infantil e mídia no Brasil de Vargas e na Alemanha nazista
Authors: Aquino Zilda Gaspar Oliveira , Britto-Costa Leticia Fernandes
Published: November 2020

O presente artigo tem por proposta investigar a construção da identidade infantil em textos midiáticos voltados a crianças e publicados na década de 1930, no Brasil e na Alemanha. Buscamos, sobretudo, compreender a relação entre os dois contextos nacionalistas - Nazismo e Era Vargas - e a representação de infância. O embasamento teórico faz-se a partir das posições de Moita Lopes (2002), Jungwirth (2007), Keupp (1999), entre outros, no que se refere às teorias de identidade no discurso. Metodologicamente, procedeu-se ao estudo contrastivo entre as duas revistas, em que se buscou localizar elementos nominais usados para se referir às crianças em ambos os periódicos. Os resultados permitem observar a forte influência do poder político na construção da identidade das crianças no período estudado.Palavras-chave: Identidade; Mídia; Nacionalismo.
A avaliação na formação de professores em educação física: experiências de estudantes de sete universidades federais brasileiras
Authors: Frossard Matheus Lima , Stieg Ronildo , Santos Wagner Dos
Published: November 2020

Este artigo analisa os sentidos atribuídos por estudantes de universidades federais brasileiras às práticas avaliativas vivenciadas na formação em Educação Física. Caracteriza-se como uma pesquisa qualitativa do tipo exploratória e utiliza, como instrumentos para a produção de dados, entrevista coletiva do tipo narrativa. Os resultados evidenciam os momentos formativos que proporcionaram uma apropriação sobre avaliação e o uso de determinados instrumentos avaliativos, de acordo com o saber ensinado em cada disciplina da formação inicial. Os estudantes evidenciam, ainda, a necessidade de os cursos de formação de professores, além de proporcionar as aprendizagens específicas de cada disciplina, assumir como eixo central a prática de ensino, entendendo a importância de se discutir possibilidades avaliativas concretas, que potencializem as especificidades da Educação Física e seus saberes.
Enunciações de professores sobre a formação para atuar na educação de pessoas jovens e adultas no Brasil e no Chile: confluências de um estudo comparado
Authors: Cunha Júnior Adenilson Souza , Gomes Soares Leôncio José , Acuña Collado Violeta Rosa
Published: November 2020

Este artigo apresenta algumas considerações realizadas  com base em uma pesquisa de doutorado, que teve como objetivo compreender como são formados os professores que atuam na Educação de Pessoas Jovens e Adultas (EPJA) no Brasil e no Chile. A perspectiva metodológica que orientou o trabalho foi o Estudo Comparado. Os dados foram produzidos  por meio da análise de ementas e programas de disciplinas voltadas à formação de professores para atuar na EJPA, nos cursos de pedagogia de Instituições de Ensino Superior localizadas no Estado da Bahia e na Região de Valparaíso. Para tanto, foram realizadas entrevistas com quatro docentes, sendo dois brasileiros e dois chilenos, atuantes nos cursos nos dois países. Di Pierro (2006); Gatti (2014); Ireland (2013) e Vargas (2013) estão entre os principais autores do estudo. A pesquisa nos permitiu identificar que tanto no Brasil quanto no Chile essa área da educação carece de uma construção identitária que demanda o reconhecimento de um espaço próprio de formação.
DESIGN OPTIMIZATION OF PROSTHESIS HIP JOINT USING FEM AND DESIGN OF EXPERIMENT APPROACH
Authors: Ali Syed Junaid , Goyal Ashish , Dadhich Manish , Prajapati Om Shankar
Published: November 2020

In the present era, hip joint replacement is a well-known medical issue to which the male patients are mostly prone to. There are different designs available for the hip replacement process; however, each design has its benefits as well as its limitations. This study provides the optimum design solution for the hip joint replacement by changing the dimensional parameters of the hip joint. The three geometrical parameters, ball diameter, Neck length and stem length of the hip joint, are selected for the base design. Furthermore, parameters i.e. ball material and stem material are also considered in this study to reduce the weight. The above-mentioned factors have four levels, which help to generate experimental design by using design of experiment methodology. The titanium alloy, Co–Cr-alloy, stainless steel and ultra-high molecule weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) have been selected as working material for modeling of the hip joint. The L[Formula: see text] orthogonal array is simulated in ANSYS FEM solver (Version-14.5). The FEM simulation techniques have been applied, and modeling steps are also developed. Two responses i.e. Von mises stress and body weight are selected to optimize the base design for further study. The signal-to-noise ratio analysis for stress shows that the most significant factor is ball diameter and least significant factor is neck length of the hip joint. For reducing the weight of the entire model, material of stem body is the most significant factor whereas the least significant factor is stem length.
Digitization in Agriculture
Authors: Kumari Shiva , Parasher Yaman , Mehra Sidharth , Singh Prabhjot
Published: November 2020

The chapter starts with a focus on the current scenario of the digitalization in agriculture space. It pinpoints the reason behind the need and explains the emergence of new Agtech-based startups that work on new innovative digital technologies. The chapter also tries to discuss the post-COVID implications along with the merits of digitalization in the agricultural domain. Apart from this, it also discusses different aspects of the digitalization on the agriculture space in general that includes the concept of telematics, precision farming, blockchain, artificial intelligence, etc. At last, some of the main challenges like the issue of connectivity, interoperability, portability, and need of public and private sector cooperation were discussed.
Farming Automation
Authors: Srivastava Kavita
Published: November 2020

Farming automation requires a whole lot of new skills and use of technology for achieving a substantial increase in the crop yield. Smart farming enables the use of technology in tracking, monitoring, and analyzing various farming operations. Internet of things (IoT) platform is formed with sensors and actuators, cameras and drones, telecommunication technologies, edge devices, cloud servers, and specialized hardware and software. This chapter will discuss the available hardware and software technology elements that can be used in farm automation. The chapter is comprised of four sections. The first section provides an overview of precision agriculture and smart farming. The second section provides the literature review of existing research. The third section describes IoT techniques, sensors, and cloud and edge computing solutions for the implementation of smart farming. The fourth section provides a few case studies of the application of IoT in smart farming. Specifically, the chapter will describe the IoT platform solution for complete farm automation.
Food 4.0
Authors: Onibonoje Moses Oluwafemi , Nwulu Nnamdi , Bokoro Pitshou Ntambu
Published: November 2020

The fourth industrial revolution is a prospective innovation path for human life to possibly replace human intelligence and manual labour with artificial intelligence and robotics. The concept of 4IR is being embraced and applied in all sectors of human life. The academics are researching intensely into the revolution, while industry captain braces up to the inevitable and fast implementation in energy, automobile, telecommunication, services, security, medicine, and other industrial sectors. Agriculture and food sector, which is termed Food 4.0, being the highest employer of human resources, is a major sector that is expected to benefit tremendously from the concept and application of 4IR in driving the sector into the new era of development.
Smart Agriculture Using WSN and IoT
Authors: Burugari Vijay Kumar , Selvaraj Prabha , Palaniappan Kanmani
Published: November 2020

In India, the agriculture sector has an adverse effect and day by day the crop production is getting reduced. So, it is important to identify and implement a solution for the problem in order to increase the production. Smart technologies are introduced in this domain to improve the agriculture industry. The technologies like IoT, big data, cloud-based services, and GPS are gaining its importance in the field of agriculture. There is a rising need due to the requirement of higher precision in crop analysis, transformation of live data from the field and automated farming techniques for further improvement. The expected result of this is to have smart agriculture industry with the implementation of these smart techniques. In this chapter, the authors have discussed the challenges and benefits of IoT and various types of sensor for data acquisition.
WSN, APSim, and Communication Model-Based Irrigation Optimization for Horticulture Crops in Real Time
Authors: Balakrishna K.
Published: November 2020

The use of wireless sensor networks, the internet of things, and advanced technologies lead to new direction of research in the agriculture domain called prescriptive agriculture. Prescriptive agriculture is the enforcement of precision agriculture, which is observing, measuring, and responding to inter and intra field variability of farm field. In this chapter, the advent of wireless sensor network, APSim, and communication model spurred a new direction in the farming domain at optimizing irrigation. Sensors are programmed to collect the datasets of climatic parameters such as relative humidity and temperature, where the datasets were forwarded to the server through a GSM module. Datasets collected were analyzed through statistical software for grown crops by considering inter and intra farm field conditions. Finally, information on irrigation is decimated through an algorithm designed by way2SMS and WebHost server.
Ubuntu and African Disability Education
Authors: Gwaravanda Ephraim Taurai
Published: November 2020

In this chapter, the researcher seeks to challenge the view that Western cultures are the ‘givers' and the ‘teachers' of disability education while African cultures are the ‘takers' and the ‘taught'. Firstly, the researcher argues that the displacement of African knowledge systems by colonialist hegemony has to be refuted to prepare the foundation of African disability education. Secondly, the study draws lessons from an African culture, particularly the Shona culture, by using selected proverbs to show how disabled persons are respected in communities, how they are given freedom for innovation, and how they are encouraged to participate in daily activities. Thirdly, the research provides responses to standard objections that are raised against the use of proverbs in drawing out philosophical arguments. Lastly, the researcher argues that disability ethical teachings that are enshrined in Shona cultural thought have the potential for global application.
Nigeria's Legislation Against Discrimination of Persons With Disabilities
Authors: Arimoro Augustine Edobor
Published: November 2020

After several years of appeals for the protection of persons with disabilities from discrimination in Nigeria, the federal government of Nigeria in early 2019 passed into law the Discrimination against Persons with Disabilities (Prohibition) Act 2018. While this is considered a welcome development, it remains to be ascertained whether the government has the political will to implement the act. This chapter examines the provisions of the Anti-Disability Disability Discrimination Law in Nigeria. The aim here is to consider how the law can be employed to better the lives of persons with disabilities in areas including but not limited to access to justice, employment, healthcare, education, and transportation. The methodology adopted for the study is a doctrinal review of the law and literature on disability rights, the plight of persons with disabilities, and the effect of the recently passed Act of 2018. The chapter concludes with recommendations.
Disability and Sport
Authors: Mudyahoto Tapiwa , Gondo Thembelihle
Published: November 2020

Disability and sport have received so much recognition basing on the number of declarations, charters, treaties, and policies crafted on the rights of people with disabilities throughout the world. These individuals with disabilities need to be empowered to overcome barriers and constraints that may affect their participation in sport in mainstream schools. This chapter briefly looks at the background of disability sport, concept of disability and sport, definition of sport and disability. The chapter will also look at among other issues, strategies for including learners with disabilities in sport. Other key issues to be highlighted include disability participation in sport, challenges faced by learners with disabilities in mainstream sport, benefits of sports for children with disabilities, barriers to participation in mainstream sport. The chapter concludes by looking at perceptions of teachers and learners on children with disabilities in sport.
Students With Disabilities' Learning in South African Higher Education
Authors: Ndlovu Sibonokuhle
Published: November 2020

This chapter discusses how the normative practices and structures ‘disables' students with disabilities in their learning in the context of the South African higher education. Empirically, examples from the students' lived experienced have been drawn from the previous study that has been conducted in one institution of higher education, which is a privileged space, by virtue of being formerly advantaged. Data combines available literature on normativity and disablement of students with disabilities and empirical data, which were collected through interviews with students with disabilities studying specific professional degrees. Decolonial theory informed deeper understanding of the cause of normative assumptions and consequently disablement of students with disabilities. Literature and lived experiences of students with disabilities reveal that despite efforts of disruption normativity and disablement have continued to be reproduced at different levels because systems of domination are so durable and inventive.
Disability and Education in Cameroon
Authors: Ndille R.
Published: November 2020

This chapter draws on the author's own experiences as a student and educator to provide another perspective of inclusive education in Cameroon. It is a call to attention to the day to day challenges that students with disabilities face in acquiring education in inclusive settings in the country. It may suffice for policy to state that education for persons with disabilities is best provided in inclusive environments based on their perceived advantages. However, an on-the-spot appreciation of the experiences of those in the field may reveal alternative results. This may be due to the milieu, the ignorance or negligence of those put as caregivers, and the non/poor implementation of policy. The author argues that while a significant volume of research is available in the country, presenting these experiences through a living theory methodology brings the reader closer to the personal experiences of students with disabilities and persons working with them. It further highlights issues which are often taken for granted when mainstream methodologies are adopted.
Technology Use Among Academics With Disabilities Within a Transforming University
Authors: Nyoni Phefumula N. , Marazi Tafara
Published: November 2020

This chapter focuses on the experiences of academics with disability within a Zimbabwean university context. Transforming universities under the Education 5.0 policy in Zimbabwe despite its good intentions has revealed some of the unresolved challenges. This chapter reveals how transformation practices especially with increase in technology use have presented opportunities and challenges for disabled sections of academic society within university spaces. The chapter also highlights how academics with disabilities face and how they ultimately negotiate their way within diverse structures that act as enablers on the one hand whilst being equally a source of barriers on the other. In-depth interviews, observations, and literature are used. The chapter concludes by highlighting how the importance of being conscious to contextual factors and embracing day to day experiences could represent opportunities for broadening access to technology and subsequent inclusion of academics with disability whilst also aiding transformation of universities and the broader Zimbabwean society.
Technology and Innovation in the Global South
Authors: Moyo Obadiah , Ndlovu Sibonokuhle
Published: November 2020

This chapter addresses the problem of literacy and technology for rural impoverished and deprived children in Zimbabwe. While technological innovation is understood as the Western concept, too far-fetched for poor countries in the Global South, this chapter argues that poor disadvantaged countries have their own innovation and technology that befits its context and needs. Decolonial theory is used to analyse a unique programme that has been able to improve literacy and technology levels of rural and impoverished children of Zimbabwe. The finding is that despite remoteness and poverty, a unique kind of innovation and technology is possible to enhance literacy in disadvantaged contexts in the Global South when the locally available resources are mobilised in a scientific way. The chapter hopes to help the understanding that advanced technological innovation is not only a Western concept, but also the South.
Nanocomposites in the Food Packaging Industry
Authors: Kumar Dheeraj , Farrukh Md. , Faisal Nadeem
Published: November 2020

The recent innovations in nanomaterials for the food packaging industry over the conventional food packaging material have made for a better quality of food product. The use of biodegradable materials is environmentally friendly and suitable for maintaining the quality of food. The chapter focuses on nano-composite materials that enhance the antimicrobial, mechanical, thermal, as well as barrier properties against the migrating element in the food packaging system. Bio-composite derivatives such as PLA, PCL, starch and cellulose, protein derivatives of nanocomposite materials have also been discussed in the chapter along with nano-sensors. Aspects of safety for human and environments and need for regulations of hazard assessment for safety purpose for the food packaging have also been discussed in this chapter. The chapter concludes by discussing the use of nanomaterials applications in food packaging for developing countries, forming some conclusions and leaving readers with thoughts for future research directions.
Tropospheric Ozone Pollution, Agriculture, and Food Security
Authors: Sarkar Abhijit , Datta Sambit , Singh Pooja
Published: November 2020

Increasing population and unsustainable exploitation of nature and natural resources have made “food security” a burning issue in the 21st century. During the last 50 years, the global population has more than doubled, from 3 billion in 1959 to 6.7 billion in 2009. It is predicted that the human population will reach 8.7 - 11.3 billion by the year 2050. Growth in the global livestock industry has also been continuous over the last two decades. An almost 82% increase in future livestock is expected in developing countries within 2020, due to an expanding requirement for food of animal origin. Hence, the future demand of this increased human and livestock population will put enormous pressure on the agricultural sectors for providing sufficient food and fodder as well as income, employment and other essential ecosystem services. Therefore, a normal approach for any nation / region is to strengthen its agricultural production for meeting future demands and provide food security. Tropospheric ozone (O3), a secondary air pollutant and a major greenhouse gas, has already been recognized as a major component of predicted global climate change. Numerous studies have confirmed the negative impact of O3 on agricultural productivity throughout the world. The present chapter reviews the available literature, and catalogue the impact of this important gas pollutant on modern day agricultural production worldwide.
Technical Equipment of Agricultural Production
Authors: Khudzhatov Mikail , Arskiy Alexander
Published: November 2020

The guarantee of a sufficient food supply is one of the challenges in both international and national economic security. Development of world agriculture is impossible without using advanced technologies. Their application in agriculture depends on the security of agricultural producers with highly effective agricultural machinery for which agricultural engineering serves. Agricultural engineering is an important element of the agro-industrial complex of any state providing it with necessary machinery and equipment. One of the important directions of the establishment of food security is the development of agricultural engineering. In this regard, the chapter analyses the current state of the world market of agricultural machinery; develops the methodology of assessment of the competitiveness of agricultural machinery in the domestic market; and elaborates the definition of effective methods of management of logistics costs at the operation of agricultural machinery.
Determinants of Agricultural Production in Romania
Authors: Zaharia Alina , Pătărlăgeanu Simona Roxana
Published: November 2020

Agriculture plays an important part in the worldwide challenges, such as sustainable development, climate change, high level of greenhouse gas emissions, food security and safety, overpopulation, social welfare, and natural resource depletion. This chapter examines a panel data approach to determine the contribution of several factors on the agricultural output in terms of value and of yield. Different regression models were established for the analysis at territorial level in Romania. Some findings suggest a negative influence of the excessive drought years on the cereals yield while a statistical relevance could not be found for the influence of the excessively rainy years. Still, further studies should be conducted on analyzing the influence of the environmental and social factors on the agricultural economic output.