bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
INTRODUCING STUDENTS TO CULTURAL HERITAGE HOMELAND BY MEANS OF PROJECTS OF DECORATIVE AND APPLIED ART AND FOLK CRAFTS
Authors:   L.V. Naydenova  Pacific State University, Naydenova L.V. , Bukatova V.V. ,   V.V. Bukatova  Pacific State University
Published: January 2021

The article considers the role of art education in the formation of modern youth. The article reveals the importance of preserving and transmitting the traditions of culture and art of the native land to new generations through tasks and creative projects.
ORGANIZATION OF CONTINUOUS GRAPHIC PREPARATION IN THE PROCESS OF TRAINING STUDENT-DESIGNERS
Authors:   E.A. Gavrilyuk Amur State University, Gavrilyuk E.A. , Kovaleva L.A. ,   L.A. Kovaleva Amur State University
Published: January 2021

The article is devoted to the formation of graphic preparation of bachelors of design in the direction of training «Design», profile «Design of the environment». The stages of the formation of graphic competencies and interdisciplinary relations, providing the interconnection of various disciplines to improve the theoretical and practical training of students in the field of graphic documentation, are considered.
Drug Supply Management in Health Care Institutions in Sri Lanka: A Case Study
Authors: Wijegunasekara J.L. Himali R.
Published: January 2021

National Health Policy, Primary Health Care Package and National Medicinal Drug Policy have emphasized the importance of adequate supply of safe & effective drugs of acceptable quality in health care institutions. The Medical Supplies Division (MSD) of Ministry of Health is responsible for ensuring an optimum drug supply management, by strategically managing the key steps of Drug management cycle; Selection, Estimate, Ordering, Procuring, Storing, Distribution, Prescribing, and Use by patients. There are strategies followed at different levels.

Objective of the study is to analyze the strategies to improve drug supply management in health care institutions in Sri Lanka. Data collection was carried out using KII, Inspection visits, Review manuals & guidelines, Participation in discussion meetings and Review of secondary data. Prioritization was carried out using nominal group discussion and it was decided to select “Institutional level strategies” for in depth analysis to make recommendations.

The strategies identified were categorized under; Policy; Finance; Process; Facilities & Medicine; Human Resource and Public. Even though a large number of strategies are implemented, there are deficiencies in almost every strategy which leads to stock out of medicine. Root causes for “Deficiencies of Institutional Strategies” were identified using fish born diagram. 

Lack of terms of reference for Drug Therapeutic Committees; lack of rational prescribing and prescription audits; high demand for non-formulary drugs;  unrealistic estimates, inadequate buffer stocks, delays in redistribution & delays in local purchase; limited stores capacity and suboptimal store management and limited transport availability were found as root causes. Recommendations were made accordingly.
Niosomes: A Novel Carrier Drug Delivery System
Authors: Kauslya Arumugam , Borawake Payal D , Shinde Jitendra V , Chavan Rajashree S
Published: January 2021

Niosomes are a novel drug delivery system, in which the medication is encapsulated in a vesicle. The vesicle is composed of a bilayer of non-ionic surfactants. Niosomes are mostly preferred than liposomes because they are stable and cost effective. Niosomes potentiate the pharmacological action of the drug molecules by delaying the clearance of the drug from the circulation, protecting the drug from biological environment and restricting the effects only to the target cells. In novel drug delivery it has applications on treatment of cancer, used as a carrier in haemoglobin, delivery of the peptide drugs through oral route, in treatment of leishmaniasis, in ophthalmic delivery and as carrier in dermal drug delivery. This review article focuses on the composition, advantages, types of niosomes, methods of preparation, characterization and application of the vesicular system.

Keywords: Niosomes, Composition, Types, Method of preparation, Factors affecting, Application.
A Review on Solubility Enhancement by Solid Dispersion Method
Authors: Dhande Laxmikant B. , Deshmukh Madhuri T. , Khopade Abhijit N. , Shete Rajkumar V. , Kunjir Vaibhavi V.
Published: January 2021

The issues of solubility for the targeted drug delivery of the new drug affects, the delivery many existing drug. The minimum 40% of the novel drug from the pharmaceutical industries are showing poor ability of solubilization in water. Hence to increase the solubility of such drug in waters and to increase their bioavailabilities are the major challenges to the scientists. So to overcome such problems and increase dissolution, development of solid dispersion with carriers having good water solubility is beneficiary. Hence solid dispersion methods are found to be an effective method to develop the solubility factor of the drug which showing poor solubility in water. The review highlights the various aspect of solid dispersion type, rational, advantages, limitation and manufacturing processes for the limited commercialization of solid dispersion.

Keywords: Solid dispersions, hydrophilic, carrier, solubility, polymer, bioavailability.
Molecular Characterization of Carbapenemase-Producing Enterobacterales in Children with Diarrhea in Rural Burkina Faso
Authors: Dembélé René , Soulama Issiaka , Kaboré Wendpoulomdé Aimé Désiré , Konaté Ali , Kagambèga Assèta , N'Golo David Coulibaly , Traoré Oumar , Seck Abdoulaye , Traoré Alfred Sababenedyo , Guessennd Nathalie , Gassama-Sow Amy , Barro Nicolas
Published: January 2021

Background and objective: In recent years, carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE) resistance to antibiotics has dramatically increased leading to limitations of their treatment options. In the present study, we investigated the occurrence of carbapenemase-producing Escherichia coli and Salmonella in rural Burkina Faso.Materials and methods: Salmonella isolates were serotyped according to the Kauffman White scheme. Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli (DEC) strains was identified using 16-plex Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), whereas antibiotic susceptibility was realized using the disk diffusion method. Furthermore, multiplex PCR assays were carried out using oligonucleotides to detect the presence of genes of the blaKPC, blaVIM, blaIMP, blaTEM, blaSHV, blaOXA and blaCTX-M types in all E. coli and Salmonella strains.Results: The study highlighted high resistance rates of the identified bacteria to common antibiotics. Likewise, two strains of E. coli were imipenem resistant with carbapenemase-encoding genes. The genes detected were Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC), Verona integrin-encoded metallo-β-lactamase (VIM) and Imipenemase (IMP-2) reaching a rate of 40% each in E. coli strains. However, no Salmonella carbapenemases blaKPC, blaVIM or blaIMP were detected.Conclusion: This study showed that for a real-time infection control and prompt application of antimicrobial chemotherapy, characterization of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales in patients is crucial.Keywords: Antibiotics, Carbapenemase-Producing Enterobacterales, children, Burkina Faso
Research Opportunities in Unani/ Greco-Arabian Medicine
Authors: Hashir Mohammad
Published: January 2021

Unani medicine is a traditional system of medicine which was founded on the teachings of Hippocrates (460-377 BC). It is based on a holistic concept of health preservation, promotion and disease prevention. Mizaj (temperament), asbab-e-sitta zaruriyah (six essential factors), and tabiy’at (physis) are the basic concepts of Unani medicine which help in disease prevention as well as management. Unani medicine has a rich treasure of many effective preventive and therapeutic methods for lifestyle disorders, acute and chronic diseases, as well as psychological conditions. In this paper, we discuss the important research areas in Unani system of medicine, particularly related to present-day world.

Keywords: Unani medicine, lifestyle, chronic diseases, Mizaj
Sudden rupture of small pseudoaneurysm of the radial artery in a patient with Covid-19 pneumonia
Authors: Mazzaccaro Daniela , Giannetta Matteo , Malacrida Giovanni , Zilio Dino , Modafferi Alfredo , Righini Paolo , Marrocco-Trischitta Massimiliano , Vaienti Luca , Nano Giovanni
Published: January 2021

We report the case of sudden rupture of a radial artery small
pseudoaneurysm (PSA) occurring in a 63-years-old patient who had been
hospitalized for COVID-19 pneumonia.
The variation of particle size of colloids in the overlying water due to hyporheic exchange
Authors: Zhang ZhongTian , Jin Guangqiu , Tang Hongwu , Shao Wenhui , Zhou Xiaorong , Li Ling
Published: January 2021

Colloids are often in forms of inorganic and organic particles whose
particle sizes (d) are ranging from 1.0 nm to
10.0 μm. On the one hand, their transport processes in the hyporheic
zone such as deposition, resuspension, clogging and release are
substantially affected by hyporheic exchange. On the other hand, the
existence of colloids can modify the hydraulic structure of the
hyporheic zone due to clogging. Despite the general acknowledgement that
particle size plays an important role in contaminant adsorption and
clogging, it remains unclear how the particle size of colloids changes
during their transport processes in the hyporheic zone. This study aims
to investigate the variation of the particle size of colloids in the
overlying water and the effects of settlement and convection-diffusion
via laboratory experiment and numerical simulation. The results show
that both settlement and convection-diffusion play roles in the exchange
of colloids between the stream and the streambed. More specifically,
settlement is the dominant factor affecting the exchange process of
large-sized particles (d > 3.06 μm)
in the hyporheic zone as the high settling velocity dominates the
outflux of colloids in the overlying water; the exchange process of
small-sized particles (d < 1.10 μm) is
more affected by convection-diffusion and some of them can be released
from the streambed to the overlying water; while the exchange process of
middle-sized particles (1.10 μm < d
< 3.06 μm) is affected by both convection-diffusion and
settlement. Thus, this study may provide important insights into the
variation of the particle size of colloids in the overlying water and
the effects of settlement and convection-diffusion.
Preoperative Troponin Levels and Outcomes of Coronary Surgery Following Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Hess Nicholas , Sultan Ibrahim , Wang Yisi , Thoma Floyd , Kilic Arman
Published: January 2021

Background: This study evaluates the impact of peak preoperative
troponin level on outcomes of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) for
non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI). Methods: This was a
retrospective review of patients undergoing isolated CABG from 2011-2018
with presentation of NSTEMI. Patients were stratified into low- and
high-risk groups based on median preoperative peak troponin (1.95ng/dL).
Major cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) and mortality were
compared. Multivariable analysis was performed to model risk factors for
MACCE and mortality. Results: This study included 1,211 patients, 607
low- (≤1.95ng/dL) and 604 high-risk (>1.95ng/dL). Patients
were well-matched with respect to age and comorbidity. High-risk
patients had lower median preoperative ejection fraction (46.5% [IQR
35.0%-55.0%] vs 53.0% [IQR 40.0%-58.0%]) and higher incidence
of preoperative intra-aortic balloon pump (15.9% vs 8.73%). Intensive
care unit (47 hours [IQR 26-82] vs 43 hours [IQR 25-69]) and
hospital lengths of stay (10 days [IQR 8-13] vs 9 days [IQR
8-12]) were longer in the high-risk group (each P<0.05).
Postoperative complications and thirty-day, one- and five-year rates of
both MACCE and survival were similar between groups. Peak troponin
>1.95ng/dL was not associated with increased hazards for
MACCE, mortality, or readmission in multivariable modeling. In
sub-analyses, neither increasing troponin as a continuous variable nor
peak troponin >10.00ng/mL were associated with increased
hazards for these outcomes. Conclusions: Higher preoperative troponin
levels are associated with longer lengths of stay but not MACCE or
mortality following CABG. Dictating timing of CABG for NSTEMI based on
peak troponin does not appear to be warranted.
The change of diffusion processes for O+ + N2 → NO+ + N reaction in the ionospheric F region during the solar eclipse over Kharkov
Authors: Yasar Mehmet
Published: January 2021

Research on solar eclipses has been a very importance in detecting short and
medium-scale changes in the ionosphere. In this paper, the relationship
between the changes in self-diffusion coefficients (SDC) of the O+ + N2 ?
NO+ + N reaction with the solar eclipse of March 29th, 2006 in Kharkov
(49.6? N and 36.3? E) was investigated for 202, 252 and 303 km. The results
of the research showed that self-diffusion coefficients increases with the
increase of ionospheric altitude in each three days and the maximum
diffusion value is reached at 303 km on 29th of March. It can be said that
results of effects of solar eclipse in Turkey on ionosphere, results of the
study of the experimental measurement and obtaining results of our study are
consistent with one another.
Normal stress distribution in infinite elastic matrix with a locally curved triple-walled carbon nanotube
Authors: Kayikci Fatma , Kosker Resat
Published: January 2021

Nanocomposite materials are produced by using of nanotubes, the most significant structural elements of nanomaterials used in nanotechnologic applications. In the reinforcement (in the fibers) of the structure of composite materials, the appearance of the self-balancing stresses results from the initial curvature, caused by either structural reasons or technological processes. Because of exceeding safety limits of material caused by high magnitude self-balancing stresses, investigating the mechanical behaviors of the material theoretically, both under tensile and compression in the direction of strengthening (fiber) is essential for the engineering. Unlike the literature, in this study, composite materials containing triple-walled nanotube are investigated in the scope of the piecewise homogeneous body model by using of geometric non-linear exact equations of the 3-D theory of elasticity. The normal stress analysis, on the outermost surface of the carbon nanotube and the matrix intersection, is investigated under various external effects. Nanotube is first formed as having a small local curvature. Van der Waals forces existing between the carbon nanotube walls are taken into consideration.
Wong-Zakai method for stochastic differential equations in engineering
Authors: Sengul Suleyman , Bekiryazici Zafer , Merdan Mehmet
Published: January 2021

In this paper, Wong-Zakai approximation methods are presented for some stochastic differential equations in engineering sciences. Wong-Zakai approximate solutions of the equations are analyzed and the numerical results are compared with results from popular approximation schemes for stochastic differential equations such as Euler-Maruyama and Milstein methods. Several differential equations from engineering problems containing stochastic noise are investigated as numerical examples. Results show that Wong-Zakai method is a reliable tool for studying stochastic differential equations and can be used as an alternative for the known approximation techniques for stochastic models.
Numerical discretization of stochastic oscillators with generalized numerical integrators
Authors: Sirma Ali , Kosker Resat , Akat Muzaffer
Published: January 2021

In this study, we propose a numerical scheme for stochastic oscillators with additive noise obtained by the method of variation of constants formula using generalized numerical integrators. For both of the displacement and the velocity components, we show that the scheme has an order of 3/2 in one step convergence and a first order in overall convergence. Theoretical statements are supported by numerical experiments.
Clinical trials of resveratrol efficacy and safety
Authors: Cucuz Veljko , Cvejic Jelena , Gojkovic-Bukarica Ljiljana
Published: January 2021

nema
Nitrojen Katkılı Grafen Film Sentezi ve Karakterizasyonu
Authors: ZAN Recep , ALTUNTEPE Ali , ERKAN Serkan , SEYHAN Ayşe
Published: January 2021

Karbon atomlarının hekzagonal örgüde bir araya gelerek oluşturduğu tek atom kalınlığındaki grafen son yılların en yoğun araştırılan konularından bir tanesi olmasının yanı sıra yüksek elektrik ve ısı iletkenliği, yüksek ışık geçirgenliği, yüksek dayanım ve geniş yüzey alanı gibi birçok üstün özellikleri ile geniş bir yelpazede kullanım alanına sahiptir. Bu üstün özelliklere karşın grafenin sahip olduğu yüksek tabak direnci ve yasak enerji aralığının olmaması grafenin optoelektronik uygulamalarda kullanımını sınırlamaktadır. Grafenin bu dezavantajları grafen yapısına yapılan katkılamalarla aşılabilmektedir. Ancak, katkılı grafen sentez sürecince katkıcı seçimi ve sentez yöntemi çok önemli olmakla birlikte özellikle katkılamanın kalıcılığı ve homojenliği daha değerlidir. Bu çalışmada CVD sistemi kullanılarak bakır folyo üzerinde katkısız ve nitrojen katkılı grafen sentezi ve karakterizasyonu gerçekleştirilmiştir. Katkılı grafen sentezi için piridin kullanılmış olup, piridin hem karbon hem de nitrojen kaynağı olarak kullanılmıştır. CVD tekniğinin kullanımı hem homojen hem de kalıcı katkılama gerçekleştirilebilmesine imkan vermiştir. Çalışma kapsamında ayrıca piridine ek olarak sentez sırasında CVD sistemine düşük miktarda metan gaz akışı sağlanarak film kalınlığı optimize edilmiştir. Katkılı filmlerin karakterizasyonu kapsamında Raman spektroskopisi, Enerji Dağılımlı X-ışını spektroskopisi ve X-ışını foto elektron spektroskopisi teknikleri kullanılmış olup, film kalitesi, kalınlığı, homojenliği, katkılama oranı ve türü belirlenmiştir.
DIATOPIC AND DIACHRONIC VARIATION OF VERBAL FORMS (BY FRENCH MANUSCRIPTS OF THE XIII-XIV CENTURIES)
Authors: LUKINA ANNA Y.
Published: January 2021

This article deals with a new diasystemic approach to studying the variation of verb forms in the history of the French language. The author describes two variations - diatopic and diachronic. The new diasystemic approach allows us to build a classification of the verb form variants taking into account the intra- and extralinguistic criteria: historical, geographical and stylistic. Horizontal and vertical studying of variation in verb forms (L. A. Stanova's method) helps to identify the main trends in the evolution of the French language, on the one hand, and the characteristic features inherent in one or another regional written tradition, script, on the other.
ON SOME FEATURES OF THE RESIDENTS’ DIALECT IN VILLAGE KOVARZINO OF KIRILLOVSKY DISTRICT, VOLOGDA REGION
Authors: MELNIKOVA NATALIYA G.
Published: January 2021

The study deals with the phonetic and some grammatical dialect phenomena recorded in the oral speech of residents in the village of Kovarzino, Kirillovsky district, Vologda region. The material for the work included the recordings of colloquial speech, recorded in the process of conversations during the period of field trip. The informants selected were elderly women with primary and secondary (no more than 7 grades of a comprehensive school) education, permanently residing in the area under study. The observation results are recorded, summarized and presented in the materials of this article.
NARRATIVE TOPIC IN ORAL STORIES BY PRESCHOOLERS AND YOUNGER SCHOOLERS
Authors: EISMONT POLINA M.
Published: January 2021

A narrative topic is a means of the communicative text organization, expressed by adverbs of place or time, that are located at the beginning of an utterance and do not carry any communicative function within the information structure of the utterance itself. An experimental study of oral unprepared stories produced by children of senior preschool and primary school age has shown that a narrative topic appears in their narratives only when the narrator cannot construct a text in advance and is forced to describe events simultaneously with their observation.
MODELING THE KINETICS AND DYNAMICS OF MASS TRANSFER DURING VARIOUS TYPES OF CEMENT CONCRETE CORROSION
Authors: LOGINOVA SVETLANA A. , GOGLEV ILYA N.
Published: January 2021

The article describes the features of various types of cement concrete corrosion: liquid, acid and biological corrosion, which are most often detected at the stage of inspection of concrete and reinforced concrete building struc-tures. The authors consider the possibility of using methods of mathematical modeling appli-cable to corrosion processes, which will deter-mine the intensity of mass transfer and predict the service life of concrete and reinforced con-crete structures. Mathematical models for cor-rosion of the 1st and 2nd types are given, which allow calculating the concentration of “free” calcium hydroxide depending on the thickness of the concrete structure. These mathematical models also allow us to determine the concen-tration of the transferred target component in a liquid acid-salt medium and find the average value of the concentration at any time. One of the important differences of the considered mathematical model for acid corrosion is its dependence on the concentration of the target component in the liquid phase...
FIBER-OPTIC FORCE SENSOR: MATHEMATICAL MODEL, CONVERSION FUNCTION, PROTOTYPE DESIGN
Authors: KHARAKHNIN KONSTANTIN A. , TERESHIN DENIS A. , VAKHRAMEEV DMITRY V. , VAKHRAMEEV PAVEL S.
Published: January 2021

The article considers the problem of the lack of methods for calculating and selecting design parameters when developing and implementing a fiber-optic force sensor (FOFS) as a separate element or component of the system. To solve this problem, we propose to develop a transform function of the power loss of the optical signal from the bending radius of the fiber under the action of applied forces, linking the features of the optical fiberand physico-mechanical parameters of the base on which the fiber is located. Based on the calculations performed, a variant of the FOFS prototype design is proposed.
Desafios e Reflexões para o Planejamento Urbano nas pequenas cidades do Delta da Amazônia pós- pandemia
Authors:   Universidade do Vale do Paraíba, Lima Viviana Mendes , da Costa Sandra Maria Fonseca , Santos Lucas de Sousa
Published: January 2021

Objetivo: A situação vivenciada pela pandemia por diversos países criou um problema para a gestão das cidades. A epidemia gerou efeitos diversos, que vão além da capacidade dos gestores administrarem sem a ajuda e compreensão da população e de outras instâncias. Esforços têm sido realizados para conter o avanço da doença, entretanto, as condições das cidades, principalmente de regiões de alta vulnerabilidade social, colocam desafios aos gestores e à população residente. Palavras-chaves: Pequenas Cidades. COVID-19. Delta. Amazônia.
(Des) Construções no pós-pandemia: Utopias e Distopias
Authors:   Universidade do Vale do Paraíba – Univap., da Costa Aline Cristina Gomes , Domingos Bianca Siqueira Martins , Zanetti Valéria Regina
Published: January 2021

Objetivo: Este ensaio centra-se nas (des) construções impostas pelo isolamento social e na discussão da mobilidade urbana a partir do conceito de Planejamento Urbano Insurgente e das práticas Decoloniais. O ano de 2020 e o contexto da pandemia de COVID-19 nos conduziu a pensar nas utopias e distopias, dicotomias que são um convite para vislumbrar uma outra sociedade. Palavras-chaves: Decolonialidade. Distopias. Mobilidade urbana. Planejamento urbano insurgente. Utopias.
Planejamento urbano pós pandemia
Authors:   Universidade Paulista | Centro Universitário FIAMFAAM., Ferretto Diego
Published: January 2021

Objetivo: esse texto tem por objetivo refletir sobre as perspectivas para o planejamento urbano pós-pandemia, partindo-se do pressuposto que a disseminação da Covid-19 reforça uma crise eminentemente urbana, derivada de padrões de desenvolvimento insustentáveis, que tem nas desigualdades socioespaciais seu traço fundamental, mas que encontra, no momento atual, condições favoráveis ao debate e perspectivas de mudanças. Palavras-chaves: Pandemia. Covid-19. Cidade. Desigualdades.
A pandemia, o fim do começo, o fim do fim
Authors:   FATEC-PR, Curitiba/Paraná., El Khouri Gihad Abdalla
Published: January 2021

Objetivo: Como pensar a cidade pós-pandemia se aquilo que se encontra até então nos apresenta problemáticas ainda não resolvidas? Como pensar um futuro sob um momento tão incerto? Existe futuro? Existe cidade pós? Sob estes questionamentos o presente ensaio busca pautar a questão da cidade envolto ao contexto da pandemia e suas possibilidades pensando sobre o fim das certezas, da geografia, da história, do futuro. O fim do começo e o fim do fim. Palavras-chaves: Pandemia. Fim. Cidade. Futuro. Virtual.
Clínica do Dragão: A Tríade no Contexto da Síndrome Pubálgica – Parte 3
Authors:   Clínica do Dragão, Espregueira-Mendes Sports Centre – FIFA Medical Centre of Excellence - Porto, Rodrigues-Gomes Diogo , Rodrigues-Gomes Sérgio ,   Grupo Unilabs - Porto, Espregueira-Mendes João ,   Clínica do Dragão, Espregueira-Mendes Sports Centre – FIFA Medical Centre of Excellence - Porto, Andrade Renato ,   Clínica do Dragão, Espregueira-Mendes Sports Centre – FIFA Medical Centre of Excellence - Porto
Published: January 2021

In the second part we addressed the basic concepts of imaging evaluation of groin pain, the main imaging findings and the current challenges in imaging diagnosis of this pathology. In this third part we describe the many imaging modalities that can be used to support the diagnosis of groin pain. Na segunda parte abordámos os conceitos básicos de avaliação imagiológica da síndrome pubálgica, os principais achados radiológicos e os desafios atuais no diagnóstico imagiológico desta patologia. Nesta terceira parte descrevemos as várias modalidades imagiológicas que poderão suportar o diagnóstico da síndrome pubálgica.
EKSPLORASI, ISOLASI DAN SELEKSI JAMUR ENTOMOPATOGEN PLUTELLA XYLOSTELLA (LEPIDOPTERA: YPONOMEUTIDAE) PADA PERTANAMAN CAISIN (BRASSICA CHINENSIS) DI SUMATERA SELATAN
Authors: Nunilahwati Haperidah , Herlinda Siti , Irsan Chandra , Pujiastuti Yulia
Published: January 2021

Plutella xylostella is the most destructive insect pests of the brassicae family. The research objective was to explore, isolate and select entomopathogenic fungi as biological agents for control of P. xylostella. This study used 20 fungal isolates originating from soil and infected insects around the farmers’ field in lowland and highland of South Sumatra. The fungal isolates were tested to third instar larvae of P.xylostella. The suspension of entomopathogenic fungus was topical inoculated with a density of 1x106 conidia ml-1 on the test insect and five replicates. The result showed that the highest (83%) and the lowest (41%) mortality of the larvae P.xylostella was induced by fungal BPluS and BNIPTr, respectively. Moreover, the shortest (2.1 days) and the highest (4.3days) lethal times of the infected host were induced by fungal BPluS and BNIPTr, respectively.
THE IMPACT OF SOYBEAN AND CORN INTERCROPPING SYSTEM AND SOIL FERTILITY MANAGEMENT ON SOYBEAN APHID POPULATIONS APHIS GLYCINES (HEMIPTERA: APHIDIDAE) AND SOYBEAN GROWTH PERFORMANCE
Authors: Hasibuan Rosma , Lumbanraja Jamalam
Published: January 2021

Agricultural management cropping systems play an important role in affecting a crop plant’s ability to tolerate or resist insect pests.  Field studies were conducted to examine the effect of two strategies management systems: fertilizer treatment and intercropping soybean with corn on soybean  aphid (Aphis glycines Matsumura) population and soybean growth  and yield parameters. The intercropping treatments were: soybean alone; 2:1 soybean/corn intercrop; and 3:1 soybean/corn intercrop. While the soil fertility treatments were the combination of NPK (urea 100 kg ha-1 + SP-36 200 kg ha-1 + KCl 200 kg ha-1) levels, dolomite (4 ton ha-1), compost  (10 ton ha-1), and chicken manure (10 ton ha-1).  The results of the first study showed that the intercropping soybean with corn  significantly reduced the population density of soybean aphids. However, there were no significant effects of intercropping systems on soybean growth (plant height) and yield (number seed per pod and  thousand seed weight) performances except on the number of soybean pods per plant. Meanwhile, the result of the second study indicated that soil fertilizer treatments had  a significant effect on the soybean plant characteristics: leaf numbers; pod numbers; and plant height.  Combining  intercropping methods and soil fertilizer management offer an opportunity to protect the soybean plants by natural and sustainable pest management.
DIAGNOSIS LIMA PENYAKIT UTAMA KARENA JAMUR PADA 100 KULTIVAR BIBIT PISANG
Authors: Soesanto Loekas , Mugiastuti Endang , Ahmad Fajarudin , Witjaksono Witjaksono
Published: January 2021

The research which aimed to identify main pathogenic fungi of 100 banana seedling cultivars and their disease intensity was carried out at the Laboratory of Plant Disease, Faculty of Agriculture, Jenderal Soedirman University with samples and field data taking at Indonesian Insitute of Science  Bogor.  This descriptive research was started by taking samples and field data followed by identification of pathogenic fungi at the laboratory.  Variables observed were disease symptoms, colony and pathogenic morphology, kinds of the pathogen, disease intensity, and physical data.  Result of the research showed that there were five main pathogenic fungi of the banana seedlings, i.e., Fusarium oxysporum Schlecht. f.sp. cubense, causing Fusarium wilt; Mychosphaerella musicola Mulder, causing Mycosphaerella leaf spot or Sigatoka; Cordana musae (Zimm.) Hohn., causing Cordana leaf spot; Curvularia lunata, causing leaf spot; and Cladosporium musae Mason, causing speckle.  From 100 banana seedling cultivars observed, Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense was the most frequently found with the intensity of 1.4-72%, followed by Curvularia lunata, Mychosphaerella musicola, Cladosporium Musae, and Cordana musae with the intensity of 1-32, 2-18, 2-24, and 3-23%, respectively.
KELIMPAHAN POPULASI, PREFERENSI DAN KARAKTER KEBUGARAN MENOCHILUS SEXMACULATUS (COLEOPTERA: COCCINELLIDAE) PREDATOR KUTUDAUN PADA PERTANAMAN CABAI
Authors: Nelly Novri
Published: January 2021

This predator is efective to control population of aphids, so the aim of research was to study the field population abundance, predator preference to this prey, and fitness character of M. sexmaculatus as predator. The population fluctuation was observed at conventional and organic farming. The preference test was conducted by choice and no choice test for some types of prey. Fitness test was performed by studying its prey, the number of eggs produced and number of eggs hatched. The results showed that M. sexmaculatus population abundance was fluctuated, the abundance higher in chili cultivated conventionaly than cultivated in organic farming.  But in conventional farming  decreased with increasing age of chili. Preference test showed that almost all species of  aphids preferred by M. sexmaculatus.  Some prey species  found were  aphids, thrips and Neotoxoptera. Predator  fitness levels showed by the longevity of females ranged  9-10 days. Oviposition period  was on average five days, while the post-oviposition was two days. The number of eggs produced ranged  100-200 eggs with an average of 135.3 eggs.
POTENSI PARASITOID TELUR PENGGEREK BATANG PADI KUNING Scirpophaga incertulas Walker PADA BEBERAPA TIPOLOGI LAHAN DI PROVINSI JAMBI
Authors: Wilyus Wilyus , Nurdiansyah Fuad , Herlinda Siti , Irsan Chandra , Pujiastuti Yulia
Published: January 2021

The research was conducted to analyze the diversity, dispersal and domination of the egg parasitoid species of the yellow rice stem borer Scirpophaga incertulas Walker on several land typologies in Jambi Province.  The study was conducted by survey method, from December 2010 until June 2011.  Samples of egg parasitoids of S. incertulas were collected by baiting parasitoids with eggs of S. incertulas.  The results of the research showed that there were three spesies of the egg parasitoids of S. incertulas found in Jambi Province, the most dominant was Telenomus rowani Gahan, followed by Trichogramma japonicum Ashmead and Tetrastichus schoenobii Ferriere. T. rowani and T. japonicum were found in all wetland ecosystems in Jambi Province (tidal swamp, swampy area, rainfed lowland, lowland technical irrigation, and upland technical irrigation), while T. schoenobii was found only in tidal swamp, swampy area, and lowland technical irrigation.  The highest species diversity of egg parasitoid of S. incertulas was found on tidal swamp (Shannon index 1.047), followed by swampy area, lowland technical irrigation, rainfed and upland technical irrigation area.  The average of proportion of egg masses parasitized by T. rowani, T. japonicum and T. Schoenobii were 22.58, 6.18 and 2.68% respectively. The average of individual eggs parasitized by T. rowani, T. schoenobii, and T. japnicum were 8.41, 1.67 and 1.47%   respectively.
KERAGAMAN DAN HERITABILITAS KETAHANAN TEBU POPULASI F1 TERHADAP PENYAKIT BERCAK KUNING DI PT GUNUNG MADU PLANTATIONS LAMPUNG
Authors: Sa’diyah Nyimas , Aeny Titik Nur
Published: January 2021

The objective of this study was to estimate variability and heritability of yellow spot disease characters of 12 sugarcane genotypes.  The experiment was conducted on sugarcane field in PT Gunung Madu Plantations (PT GMP), Gunung Sugih Central Lampung, from January to May 2009.  The treatments consisted of 12 F1 sugarcane genotypes resulted from the previous crossing of several existed varieties done by PT GMP research and development. The variability was estimated using the method from Anderson and Bancroft (1952) and the heritability was estimated based on the method from Allard (1995).  The results showed that the severity of sugarcane yellow spot disease in the PT GMP Lampung showed high variability but low heritability (0.21).  Out of 12 tested sugarcane genotypes, G12 has the highest resistance showed by the lowest disease severity.
TINGKAT KETERJADIAN PENYAKIT LAYU STEWART PADA BENIH DAN RESPON BEBERAPA VARIETAS JAGUNG TERHADAP INFEKSI Pantoea stewartii subsp. stewartii
Authors: Rahma Haliatur , Sinaga Meity S , Surahman Memen , Giyanto Giyanto
Published: January 2021

Disease incidence of Stewart’s wilt on the seed and response of several maize varieties to Pantoea stewartii subp. stewartii. Stewart’s wilt disease of maize is caused by Pantoea stewartii subsp. stewartii.  This bacterium is seed-borne pathogens, when attacked maize caused yield lost 40-100%.  The objective of this research was to detemine the incidence level of stewart’s wilt disease, growth of some varieties of maize and their response to stewart’s wilt pathogens Pantoea stewartii subsp. stewartii.  The research was conducted in the Laboratory of Bacteriology and Greenhouse Cikabayan IPB from November 2011 to March 2012. In experiment I, nineteen samples of maize were used for symptom test  in the maize seedling stage, using Randomized Block Design with three replications. Experiment II used a Randomized Block Design with 2 factors: maize varieties (8 hybrids varieties, 3 open pollinated varieties, and 7 sweet corn varieties) and bacteria isolates  (BGR 2, BGR 4, BGR 28, BGR7 and PSM 27), with three replications. The results showed in experiment I, the incidence of stewart’s wilt disease ranged 2.00 – 15.33%, germination and vigor index of maize seed were 68.00 – 95.33% and 55.33 – 90.67% respectively.  While in experiment II, hybrid and open pollinated of maize varieties were resistant to moderately susceptible   while all sweet corn varieties were susceptible to infection of Pantoea stewartii subsp. stewartii.
PENAPISAN ISOLAT RIZOBAKTERI DARI PERAKARAN TANAMAN KEDELAI YANG SEHAT UNTUK PENGENDALIAN PENYAKIT PUSTUL BAKTERI (Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines)
Authors: Yanti Yulmira , Habazar Trimurti , Resti Zurai , Suhalita Dewi
Published: January 2021

Screening of indigenous  rhizobacteria from healthy soybean root to control bacterial pustule (Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines) using in planta technique. Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria are a group of bacteria  that actively colonize plant roots, increase plant growth and control  plant pathogens. The aim of this study was to obtain rhizobacteri isolates which have the ability to control bacterial pustule and  increase growth and yield of soybean. This method based on in planta selection of enhanced competitive soil root-colonizing bacteria from soil samples of healthy soybean root at endemic area of bacterial pustule in Darmasraya  District  and   Sijunjung District, West Sumatera. We characterized only the best rhizobacteri isolates which have ability to control bacterial pustule and to increase growth and yield of soybean. This type of characterization has possibility to find  new, easy and cheap biocontrol organisms. Ten Rhizobacteri isolates were introduced via seed treatment (108 cfu/ml) and soil drench to 3 week old  soybean seedling. Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines were inoculated to one month old of soybean seedling. The effect of rhizobacteria  on disease incidence, disease severity, plant growth and yield of soybean were evaluated.  We have found that two selected  rhizobacteri isolates from soybean (P12Rz2.1 and P14Rz1.1) were the best isolates in promoting growth and the of the soybean plants  with the effectiveness  20.62 % and 20.47 %.
PATOGENISITAS CENDAWAN ENTOMOPATOGEN Beauveria bassiana (DEUTEROMYCOTINA: HYPHOMYCETES) PADA BERBAGAI STADIA KEPIK HIJAU (NEZARA VIRIDULA L.)
Authors: Prayogo Yusmani
Published: January 2021

Pathogenicity of  Beauveria bassiana Bals. Vuill. (Deuteromycotina:Hyphomycetes) on various stages of eggs and nymphs of the green stink bug (Nezara viridula L.) . The green stink bug (Nezara viridula L.) is one of the important soybean pod-sucking bug besides brown stink bug (Riptortus linearis) and  green stink bug (Piezodorus hybneri). Up to now, pest control mostlyrely on the chemical insecticides,  The objectiveof this experiment was to study the pathogenicity of Beauveria bassianaon various stages of eggs and nymphs of the  green stink bug.  Experiment was conducted in the laboratory of Entomology, Indonesian Legumes and Tuber Crops Research Institute (ILETRI) Malang, from January to June 2011. The treatments consists of various eggs and nymphs stages of green stink bug. The results showed that B. bassiana was able to infect the eggs green stink bug both of the newly laid and the six days old eggs.   As a results of this infection, 96% eggs did not hatched.  The younger of eggs, the more susceptible to B. bassiana. The infected egg prolonged hatching periods to three days. B. bassianawas also toxic to all stages of  the green stink bug, especially to the first and second instarswith mortality  rate of 69-96%. The nymph of third, fourth, ad fifth instar and adult  stage were more tolerant to the B. bassiana infection. This study suggest that one way to control green stink bug be  the use of entomopathogen B. bassiana againts their ggs or younginstar.
KEANEKARAGAMAN, DOMINASI, PERSEBARAN SPESIES PENGGEREK BATANG PADI DAN SERANGANNYA PADA BERBAGAI TIPOLOGI LAHAN DI PROVINSI JAMBI
Authors: Wilyus Wilyus , Nurdiansyah Fuad , Johari Asni , Herlinda Siti , Irsan Chandra , Pujiastuti Yulia
Published: January 2021

Diversity, domination, and distribution of rice stem borer species and its damage in various land typologies in Jambi Province.  The research was conducted to analyze the diversity, domination, species distribution of rice stem borers (RSB) and its damage on various land typologies in Jambi Province.  The research was carried out using survey method, from December 2010 until June 2011.  Samples of RSB were collected from tidal swamp in Tanjung Jabung Timur District, swampy area in Muaro Jambi District, rainfed lowland in Sarolangun District, irrigated lowland in Merangin District, and irrigated upland in Kerinci District and Sungai Penuh District.  The results showed that there were five spesies of  RSB found in Jambi Province.  Scirpophaga  incertulas Walker (yellow stem borer) was the most dominant of RSB, followed by Sesamia inferens Walker (pink stem borer), Chilo suppressalis Walker (striped stem borer), Chilo polychrysus Meyrick (dark-headed stem borer), and Scirpophaga innotata Walker (white stem borer).  The distribution of S. incertulas, S. inferens, C. suppressalis and C. polychrysus were in all of rice field in Jambi Province, but that of S. innotata was limited over tidal swamp and  rainfield  lowland area. The RSB damage rate was lower than economic thereshold.
KELIMPAHAN DAN KEANEKARAGAMAN SPESIES LABA-LABA PREDATOR HAMA PADI RATUN DI SAWAH PASANG SURUT
Authors: Herlinda Siti , Manalu Hendri Candro Nauli , Aldina Rinda Fajrin , Suwandi Suwandi , Wijaya Andi , Khodijah Khodijah , Meidalima Dewi
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACTAbundance and Species Diversity of Predatory Spiders for Insect Pests Inhabiting Ratoon Paddy in Tidal Lowland.  Ratoon paddy productivity is lower than the main crop.  Increasing productivity of the ratoon paddy is to protect the paddy from pests and diseases. This study aimed to analyze the abundance and species diversity of predatory spiders of rice pests on ratoon paddy in tidal lowland. Ratoon paddy field observed was from the main crop that has been harvested and cut 20 cm height. Paddy area observed was 2 ha field planted using Ciherang and Inpara varieties. Spiders inhabiting canopy were sampled using insect nets but soil dwelling spiders were trapped using pitfall traps. The result showed that spider species inhabiting canopy of ratoon paddy were Pardosa pseudoannulata, Lycosa chaperi, Araneus inustus, Cylosa insulana, Atypena adelinae, Erigone bifurca, Erigonidium graminicola, Oxyopes javanus, Argyrodes miniaceus, and Marpisa magister.  Spider species found soil dwelling were 11 species, namely Pardosa pseudoannulata, Pardosa sumatrana, Pardosa mackenziei, Pardosa oakleyi, Hogna rizali, Araneus inustus, Cylosa insulana, T. vermiformis, Runcinia albostriata, Coleosoma octomaculatum, and Marpisa magister. Abundance, species number, species diversity for soil dwelling spiders were higher than those for canopy inhabiting spiders. However, the abundance, species number, species diversity for the soil dwelling spiders  tended to be higher on the ratoon paddy 3, 4, and 5 week old than those on 1, 2, and 6 week old.  From the result, we concluded that abundance, species number, species diversity of spiders found in the ratoon paddy were higher or tended similar to those on the main crop.
GENETIC VARIATION OF LEAFHOPPER, Nephotettix virescens DISTANT ACTIVE TRANSMITTERS FROM ENDEMIC AND NON ENDEMIC AREAS OF RICE TUNGRO DISEASE BASED ON RAPD MARKER
Authors: Supriyadi Supriyadi , Wijayanti Retno
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACTGenetic variation of leafhopper, Nephotettix virescens Distant active transmitters from endemic and non endemic areas of rice tungro disease based on RAPD marker. Leafhopper, Nephotettix virescens Distant (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) plays an important role as a vector of rice tungro virus. However, the characters of N. virescens as a  vector from endemic and non-endemic areas of tungro disease in Indonesia have not been well characterized and also available information is limited. The objective of this research was to study the character of N. virescens active transmitter from endemic and non-endemic of areas tungro disease based on RAPD markers. The N. virescens were collected from endemic area of  Klaten (Central Java), Sleman (Yogyakarta) and non endemic area of Purwodadi (Central Java) Ngawi (East Java),  and  Pacitan (East Java). The N. virescens active transmitters were identified by their ability to transmit the virus based on Standard Evaluation System for Rice Tungro Virus,  issued by IRRI. The genetic variations of N. virescens active transmitters were determined by using RAPD-PCR marker.  Result of the research showed that three primers, OPB01, OPB10 and OPC08 amplified successfully of DNA template of N. virescens through RAPD-PCR technique. Based on the dendrogram, there were initial facts of possible genetic differences between the populations of N. virescens  from endemic  and non endemic areas of  rice tungro disease. The N. virescens from endemic area of Klaten and Sleman are similar genetically but different from the N. virescens non endemic of Purwodadi, Pacitan and Ngawi.
PENGARUH MUSIM TERHADAP PERKEMBANGAN Atelocauda digitata, PENYEBAB PENYAKIT KARAT PADA Acacia auricaliformis DI YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Widyastuti Siti Muslimah , Harjono Harjono , Susanti Zjakiyah Ari
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACTSeasonal effect on the growth of Atelocauda digitata, the cause of rust disease on Acacia auriculiformis in Yogyakarta. The research was aimed to determine the growth of Atelocauda digitata which attacks Acacia auriculiformis in Gunung Kidul, Yogyakarta and determine the process of A. digitata infection on A. auriculiformis. Quantification of the presence of pathogen and the damage as part of tree health monitoring was represented by the percentage of disease incidence and severity, that was used as a benchmark of A. digitata dynamics. Pathogenic organisms were confirmed by pathogenicity test. The process of infection was studied microscopically and macroscopically. Percentage of disease incidence and severity of all three observation plots during the rainy and the dry season were dynamic, with the highest damage discovered in Plot 5. A.  digitata infecting A. auriculiformis produces three types of spores, namely teliospores, uredospores and aeciospores. The hyphae  infected the leaf tissue two days after inoculation through stomata. Intracellular hyphae were found five days after inoculation.
PINEAPPLE FRUIT COLLAPSE: NEWLY EMERGING DISEASE OF PINEAPPLE FRUIT IN LAMPUNG, INDONESIA
Authors: Prasetyo Joko , Aeny Titik Nur
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACTPineapple fruit collapse: newly emerging disease of pineapple fruit in Lampung, Indonesia Recently, a new disease on pineapple fruit has occurred in Lampung. Symptoms of the disease are complex. Fruits rotted and exuded copious liquid from the inter- fruitlet tissues accompanied by gas bubbles. Open spaces were formed inside the rotten fruit. Dissection of diseased fruit showed many cavities within its sceletal fibres and bad odour was exerted from the rotten tissues. A bacterial entity was isolated  from the diseased materials. In a pathogenicity test, the isolated bacteria caused the same symptom as mentioned. In the growing-on test the crown of the heavily infected fruit  showed  heart rot symptom.  Those  indicated that the disease was pineapple fruit collapse. Both symptoms were known related to the same causal agent, Erwinia chrysanthemi (pineapple strain Dickeya sp.). In our opinion, this is the first report of pineapple fruit collapse in Indonesia.
MORTALITAS, PENGHAMBATAN MAKAN DAN PERTUMBUHAN HAMA DAUN GAHARU HEORTIA VITESSOIDES MOORE OLEH EKSTRAK BUAH BRUCEA JAVANICA (L.) MERR.
Authors: Hariri Agus M.
Published: January 2021

The bioassay of  Brucea javanica fruit extract was performed to evaluate lethal and antifeedance effect as well as growth inhibition against agarwood defoliator Heortia vitessoides.  Three types of Brucea (unripe, ripe, and dried fruits) were extracted with maceration method in aquadest for 24 hours. Tests were done using leaf-residual method.  The results showed that mortality of H. vitessoides larvae was significantly higher when applied with Brucea extract at  concentration 50 g/l  compared to control starting at two days after application. Moreover the dried fruit extract killed all  insect test in three days after application. The other result indicated that pupation of agarwood defoliator was less than 10% and emerging adult  was 0% when applied with Brucea fruit extracts.  In addition, at two days after application of ripe and dried fruit extracts resulted antifeedance effect against H. vitessoides larvae 68-70% leaves weight and 74-77% based on eaten leaf area.