bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Paris and the Materialist Alternative
Authors: Jacob Margaret C.
Published: September 2019

This chapter traces the origins of the Enlightenment in France. The Enlightenment in France depended partially on foreign influences, generally coming from England and the Dutch Republic. That does not detract from the brilliance of its leading lights nor the courage of the denizens of its clandestine markets. All were eager to make a profit, to be sure, but they also wanted a different social and political order, a secular order with fewer churchmen, less censorship, more tolerance, and justice for the poor and oppressed. The chapter then studies the role of booksellers in revealing the nature of the Enlightenment, especially if they specialized in the materialist and pornographic and had the misfortune to be imprisoned in the Bastille for their illegal trade. The genre of materialist works must be broadly defined to include the rabidly anticlerical and anti-Catholic.
Epilogue
Authors: Jacob Margaret C.
Published: September 2019

This chapter explores the Enlightenment in the 1790s. By 1790, the writings of the philosophes, new enlightened attitudes among the educated, and the expansion of secular space and time seemed like old stories, less compelling than the revolutionary events emanating from Philadelphia, Brussels, and Amsterdam, and most dramatically from Paris. During the 1790s, French, British, German, Dutch, Italian, and American intellectuals and sympathizers with both enlightened and revolutionary ideals had to come to terms with a revolution that veered off into the Terror and the rise of Napoleon, and then ended in 1815 with a profound reaction against its ideals. Although battered, the Enlightenment lived on, particularly among writers and intellectuals—often described as Romantics—whose psyches were shaped by the bold ideas of the eighteenth century.
Prologue
Authors: Jacob Margaret C.
Published: September 2019

This prologue provides an overview of the Secular Enlightenment. The Enlightenment was an eighteenth-century movement of ideas and practices that made the secular world its point of departure. It did not necessarily deny the meaning or emotional hold of religion, but it gradually shifted attention away from religious questions toward secular ones. By seeking answers in secular terms—even to many religious questions—it vastly expanded the sphere of the secular, making it, for increasing numbers of educated people, a primary frame of reference. In the Western world, art, music, science, politics, and even the categories of space and time had undergone a gradual process of secularization in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries; the Enlightenment built on this process and made it into an international intellectual cause. This book then aims to understand the major intellectual currents of the century that gave birth to the label “secular.”
The Settlement of 1945
Authors: Ikenberry G. John
Published: September 2019

This chapter explores the order building in the settlement of 1945. The settlement that followed the Second World War provided the most pronounced incentives and capacities for the leading and secondary states to move toward an institutionalized settlement. The United States commanded a far more favorable power position than it did after 1919. It had more capacities to make institutional bargains with other states, and the sharp asymmetries in power made European governments particularly eager for agreements that would establish commitments and restraints. The democratic character of the states involved made the institutional agreements that resulted more credible and effective in mitigating the severest implications of power asymmetry. Moreover, the character of the American domestic system—which provided transparency and “voice opportunities”—and the extensive use of binding institutions served to limit the returns to power and provide assurances to states within the order that they would not be dominated or abandoned.
Boys performing women (and men)
Authors: Woods Marjorie Curry
Published: September 2019

This chapter looks at passages that beg for performance and at evidence for the recitation by boys of emotional scenes, often with female characters. The manuscripts discussed fit squarely into an already established pedagogical tradition that begins long before and continues long after the “middle” ages. The chapter addresses the medieval teaching of literature from a transhistorical as well as historical perspective and in ways that encourage comparison with other periods. It begins with a translation in The Loving Subject: Desire, Eloquence, and Power in Romanesque France. The poem, thirty lines long, falls into three parts. The first describes the narrator's emotional state and the boy who will try to distract him. Then comes the description of the boy's performance of the lament, which is artificial in a positive sense.
Drama
Authors: Leontis Artemis
Published: September 2019

This chapter pushes against the notion that Eva Palmer Sikelianos's work in Greece was disconnected from her non-Greek past and indifferent to “archaeological problems.” Digging deep into her papers and other sources dating between 1903 and 1940, the chapter pieces together Eva's dialogue with artists from Isadora Duncan to H. D. to George Cram Cook and Susan Glaspell to Angelos Sikelianos, who were all familiar with archaeological problems but standing at an oblique angle to them as they thought about how to stage the ancient Greek chorus. This transatlantic genealogy allows reflection on how creative work happening near ruins, yet outside the formal discipline of archaeology, responds to the place, takes on the feel of archaeological discoveries, and generates further rounds of imaginative reworking. The same genealogy brings into view how Eva's efforts to revive the tragic chorus, having transformed Isadora's experiments, traveled across the Atlantic to inform the work of Ted Shawn.
Writing
Authors: Leontis Artemis
Published: September 2019

This chapter follows Eva Palmer Sikelianos's life to its end. From writing Upward Panic to exchanging weaving tips, to translating Angelos Sikelianos's work, to becoming a polylingual correspondent with hundreds of people as World War II gave way to the Cold War, Eva made writing the primary medium of her art of living. She found urgency in writing—a clarity of purpose that propelled her into the present in a new way—especially after she received a contraband package of Angelos's wartime resistance poems on the eve of the Greek civil war in 1944. The urgency of that critical moment thrust her into political action, turning her pen into a tool for anti-imperialist activism in a way that set up her brilliant last act.
Teaching Citizenship, Liberalizing Community
Authors: Irani Lilly
Published: September 2019

This chapter examines how champions of entrepreneurial citizenship remake education, proposing that the skills of producing innovation and the skills of taking civic action are one and the same. These educational reforms promise that “every child” can be an entrepreneur. This model appears democratic in that it expands merit or success beyond narrow visions that locate merit at the apex of the Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs) or global corporations. At the same time, it naturalizes privilege and resources as leadership and passion. Entrepreneurial citizens appear simultaneously as empathic leaders of entrepreneurs' others and as portraits of what all Indians ought to become. Those who do not lead India, implicitly, should follow. Design in Education, in its optimism and its pitfalls, offers a view into the limits of entrepreneurial citizenship. This form of citizenship promised a model of change, but it also was a new mechanism for development without disturbing existing social orders.
Learning to Add Value at the Studio
Authors: Irani Lilly
Published: September 2019

This chapter details how designers at the studio organized their lives, their relationships, and their self-understandings as they continually relearned how to “add value” in the context of shifting global divisions of labor and speculative hype. Good entrepreneurial citizens did not only find value for themselves and for their clients; they added value to the nation. They channeled their developmental desires and hopes into forms—programming, design, intellectual property, new business creation—that ascended to the highest rungs of a global capital's hierarchies of value. Those who added value to the nation, to the design studio, and to client projects were those to cultivate and include. Those who failed to add value were understood instead as jobless masses and as failed potential. These middle-class ideologies suffused news, policy, client expectations, and everyday talk. As ideologies and as everyday pressures, they shaped the everyday practices of organizing and valuing work and workers in the studio.
Seeing Like an Entrepreneur, Feeling Out Opportunity
Authors: Irani Lilly
Published: September 2019

This chapter looks at how “human-centered design” (HCD)—a form of ethnographically guided, experimental design practice branded in Silicon Valley—operationalizes empathy to guide entrepreneurial actors toward opportunity to transform the world “at scale.” Both empathy and opportunity were key ways that enterprising people oriented toward the world they hoped to transform. Empathy promised to guide development along the grain of the masses' developmental desires rather than against them. As part of design, it became a model for understanding not just one person but many people. Design-minded citizens needed to mingle among targets of development and hypothesize vectors of mass affect that suggested areas of opportunity surfaced risks to development projects. Capitalism's reformers proposed empathy as the moral sentiment that could, at once, uncover others' wants while steering away from capitalism's excesses. Empathy guided speculation to refine the perception of opportunity.
Conclusion
Authors: Irani Lilly
Published: September 2019

This concluding chapter reflects on entrepreneurial citizenship as a global project, promoted not only by Indian elites but also by the U.S. Department of State and global institutions of economic governance. Ultimately, it argues that the function of entrepreneurial citizenship is to subsume hope and dissatisfaction, redirecting potential political contestation into economic productivity and experiment. It disciplines hopes for the future into forms that fit existing institutional agendas through the language of “viability” and “sustainability.” Entrepreneurial citizenship also invites civil society to extend its reach and relations with poorer Indians, the nation's majority, as consumers. Indeed, entrepreneurial citizens experimented with myriad ways to bring the vast informal economy in its diversity into connection with capitalist production, inviting the poor in as workers, as design research participants, as budding entrepreneurs, and as consumers.
Introduction
Authors: Trivellato Francesca
Published: September 2019

This introductory chapter provides an overview of the legend of the Jewish invention of bills of exchange. During the period of their use, bills of exchange garnered considerable attention among enthusiasts and critics alike, not only for their ability to move and generate wealth in seemingly mysterious ways, but also for their potential to trick naïve investors. As such, they epitomized the promise and the peril of early modern commercial credit. Starting in the mid-seventeenth century, a number of authors maintained that those Jews who had been expelled from the kingdom of France at various points in time between the seventh and fourteenth centuries had devised bills of exchange in order to evade the confiscation of their properties and to smuggle their wealth abroad. This book then illustrates how easily the anxieties created by Jews' potential invisibility in the marketplace could be mapped onto the increasing abstraction of the paper economy.
World War II
Authors: Desch Michael C.
Published: September 2019

This chapter discusses the role of social science in the war effort. As the Second World War demonstrated, sophisticated social science methods are certainly sometimes applicable to policy. In particular, economists demonstrated that they could employ these tools yet remain directly relevant in some realms. However, the failure of the Office of Strategic Services (OSS) to employ them successfully on noneconomic issues constitutes a cautionary tale for those who think that discipline ought to serve as a model for the rest of the social sciences. Strikingly, even social scientists themselves who served in government came to realize that disciplinary dynamics worked against policy relevance. Nevertheless, the social sciences' wartime experience had a positive impact on them. This wartime experience had effects across the social sciences, but it was particularly evident in the areas relevant to national security.
The Plaid Model
Authors: Schwartz Richard Evan
Published: September 2019

Outer billiards provides a toy model for planetary motion and exhibits intricate and mysterious behavior even for seemingly simple examples. It is a dynamical system in which a particle in the plane moves around the outside of a convex shape according to a scheme that is reminiscent of ordinary billiards. This book provides a combinatorial model for orbits of outer billiards on kites. The book relates these orbits to such topics as polytope exchange transformations, renormalization, continued fractions, corner percolation, and the Truchet tile system. The combinatorial model, called “the plaid model,” has a self-similar structure that blends geometry and elementary number theory. The results were discovered through computer experimentation and it seems that the conclusions would be extremely difficult to reach through traditional mathematics. The book includes an extensive computer program that allows readers to explore the materials interactively and each theorem is accompanied by a computer demonstration.
Definition of the Plaid Model
Authors: Schwartz Richard Evan
Published: September 2019

This chapter defines the plaid model. The input to the plaid model is a rational A = p/q ɛ (0, 1) with pq even. The output is the union PLA of plaid polygons. The chapter is organized as follows. Section 1.2 defines some auxiliary quantities associated to the parameter. Section 1.3 defines six families of parallel lines. The first two families are the horizontal and vertical lines comprising the boundary of the integer square grid, and are called grid lines. The remaining four families are called slanting lines. Section 1.4 explains the assignment of masses and capacities to the lines. Section 1.5 defines the concept of a light point. The light points are certain intersections between slanting lines and grid lines. Section 1.6 assigns unit vectors to the light particles. Finally, Section 1.7 puts everything together and gives the definition of PLA.
Properties of the Model
Authors: Schwartz Richard Evan
Published: September 2019

This chapter derives some basic properties of the plaid model. It is organized as follows. Section 2.2 deals with the symmetries of the plaid model. First, it deals with the unoriented model and then considers the oriented model. Section 2.3 proves the technical lemma that each unit integer segment contains exactly two intersection points. The work in this section reveals the nice geometric way that the slanting lines intersect each unit integer square. Section 2.4 establishes the following result: Within each block, there are exactly two lines of capacity k for each even k ɛ [0, ω‎]. Moreover, within the block, each line of capacity k has exactly k light points on it (when double points are appropriately counted). Section 2.5 establishes a subtle additional symmetry of the plaid model.
Three-Dimensional Interpretation
Authors: Schwartz Richard Evan
Published: September 2019

This chapter explains the 3-dimensional interpretation of the plaid model. Section 5.2 stacks the blocks on top of each other in such a way that remotely adjacent blocks appear actually adjacent to each other in the stack. Section 5.3 shows how to modify the spacetime diagrams constructed in Section 4.3 and 4.4 so that they are unions of embedded loops, much like the plaid polygons. This modification is called pixilation. Section 5.4 shows that the plaid model construction and the pixilation processes are compatible with each other. Section 5.5 uses the compatibility of all the constructions to create polyhedral surfaces which simultaneously interpolate between the plaid polygons and the pixelated spacetime diagrams. These surfaces are viewed as spacetime diagrams for the plaid polygons; they are called spacetime plaid surfaces. Finally, Section 5.6 indulges in some discussion and speculation.
Connection to the Truchet Tile System
Authors: Schwartz Richard Evan
Published: September 2019

This chapter fixes some even rational parameter p/q as usual. It shows that the pixelated spacetime slices of capacity 2p are combinatorially equivalent to certain of the tilings from P. Hooper's Truchet tile system [H]. Section 7.2 describes the Truchet tile system. Section 7.3 states the main result, the Truchet Comparison Theorem. One can view the Truchet Comparison Theorem as a computational tool for understanding some of the pixelated spacetime diagrams. Section 7.4 uses the Truchet Comparison Theorem to get more information about the surface Σ‎(p/q) from Corollary 6.6. Section 7.5 proves a curious result from elementary number theory which underlies the Truchet Comparison Theorem. Section 7.6 puts together the ingredients and proves the Truchet Comparison Theorem.
The Core Case
Authors: Schwartz Richard Evan
Published: September 2019

This chapter proves the core case of the Copy Lemma. The proof follows the same strategy as in Chapter 25, but it is considerably harder. Section 26.2 proves the first two statements of the Copy Lemma. The rest of the chapter is devoted to the third statement. Section 26.3 defines geometric and arithmetic alignment as in the previous chapter, but with the twist that there are some extra indices that have to be looked after carefully. Section 26.4 verifies the geometric alignment criterion just as in the previous chapter. Section 26.5 shows that the signs of the two capacity sequences match. Section 26.6 presents a technical lemma to deal with the mass sequences. Section 26.7 shows that the signs of the mass sequences agree on the central indices. Section 26.8 verifies that the signs of the mass sequences agree on the peripheral sequences except for two special indices where the signs can disagree. Section 26.9 finishes the proof of this long and difficult argument.
The Trace Formula for BunG(X)
Authors: Gaitsgory Dennis , Lurie Jacob
Published: September 2019

This chapter aims to prove Theorem 1.4.4.1, which is formulated as follows: Theorem 5.0.0.3, let X be an algebraic curve over F
q and let G be a smooth affine group scheme over X. Suppose that the fibers of G are connected and that the generic fiber of G is semisimple. Then the moduli stack BunG(X) satisfies the Grothendieck–Lefschetz trace formula. However, Theorem 5.0.0.3 cannot be deduced directly from the Grothendieck–Lefschetz trace formula for global quotient stacks because the moduli stack BunG(X) is usually not quasi-compact. The strategy instead will be to decompose BunG (X) into locally closed substacks BunG(X)[P,ν‎] which are more directly amenable to analysis.
Democracy and Prosperity
Authors: Iversen Torben , Soskice David
Published: September 2019

It is a widespread view that democracy and the advanced nation-state are in crisis, weakened by globalization and undermined by global capitalism, in turn explaining rising inequality and mounting populism. This book argues that this view is wrong: advanced democracies are resilient, and their enduring historical relationship with capitalism has been mutually beneficial. For all the chaos and upheaval over the past century—major wars, economic crises, massive social change, and technological revolutions—the book shows how democratic states continuously reinvent their economies through massive public investment in research and education, by imposing competitive product markets and cooperation in the workplace, and by securing macroeconomic discipline as the preconditions for innovation and the promotion of the advanced sectors of the economy. Critically, this investment has generated vast numbers of well-paying jobs for the middle classes and their children, focusing the aims of aspirational families, and in turn providing electoral support for parties. Gains at the top have also been shared with the middle (though not the bottom) through a large welfare state. Contrary to the prevailing wisdom on globalization, advanced capitalism is neither footloose nor unconstrained: it thrives under democracy precisely because it cannot subvert it. Populism, inequality, and poverty are indeed great scourges of our time, but these are failures of democracy and must be solved by democracy.
The Politics of the Knowledge Economy and the Rise of Populism
Authors: Iversen Torben , Soskice David
Published: September 2019

This chapter considers the “second-order” effects of the transition to the knowledge economy. This means the set of preferences, beliefs, and party allegiances that are crystallizing as a consequence of the political-economic realities brought about by the knowledge economy. Chapter 3 considered “first-order” effects—immediate policy responses reflecting existing political coalitions—and showed that these responses were relatively limited and in most countries, failed to offer much compensation for those who lost out in the collapse of the Fordist economy. This chapter argues that this failure has created the political conditions for the rise of populism. Populism refers to a set of preferences and beliefs that rejects established parties and elites, that sees established politicians as gaming the system to their own advantage, and that at the same time sees the poor as undeserving of government support.
A Theory of the Aphorism
Authors: Hui Andrew
Published: September 2019

Aphorisms—or philosophical short sayings—appear everywhere, from Confucius to Twitter, the Buddha to the Bible, Heraclitus to Nietzsche. Yet despite this ubiquity, the aphorism is the least studied literary form. What are its origins? How did it develop? How do religious or philosophical movements arise from the enigmatic sayings of charismatic leaders? And why do some of our most celebrated modern philosophers use aphoristic fragments to convey their deepest ideas? This book crisscrosses histories and cultures to answer these questions and more. The book demonstrates how aphorisms—ranging from China, Greece, and biblical antiquity to the European Renaissance and nineteenth century—encompass sweeping and urgent programs of thought. Constructed as literary fragments, aphorisms open new lines of inquiry and horizons of interpretation. In this way, aphorisms have functioned as ancestors, allies, or antagonists to grand systems of philosophy. Encompassing literature, philology, and philosophy, the history of the book and the history of reading, this book invites us to reflect anew on what it means to think deeply about this pithiest of literary forms.
The Gospel of Thomas
Authors: Hui Andrew
Published: September 2019

This chapter details how the Gospel of Thomas, like the Analects, is also the posthumous collection of a charismatic teacher. The sayings of Jesus in the Gospel of Thomas are difficult, obscure, and mysterious. They challenge the reader to discover the true nature of the world through the discovery of the self, both of which are imbued with the divine. Hermeneutics in this way becomes nothing less than soteriology—the discourse of redemption itself. To achieve this, the Gospel of Thomas advocates a radical independence: readers must decipher for themselves the text's meaning rather than rely on any sectarian doctrine or even the authority of Thomas the compiler. Indeed, the theory of aphorisms in Thomas is that one attains secret knowledge of a hidden God not from a congregation of believers but through the inward meditation on the words of Jesus.
O ovo ou a galinha: a crise da profissão docente e a aparente falta de perspectiva para a educação brasileira
Authors: Diniz-Pereira Júlio
Published: September 2019

O ovo ou a galinha é uma referência a um dilema de causalidade que surge da conhecida expressão “O que veio antes, o ovo ou a galinha?” Temos a sensação de que estamos diante de um dilema semelhante quando discutimos a crise da profissão docente em nosso País: seria a crise das licenciaturas, em função da sua baixa procura e o número supostamente insuficiente de diplomados, que levaria a uma crise do magistério ou esta que explicaria os problemas enfrentados pelos cursos de formação docente? Neste artigo, apresentarei argumentos demonstrando que a crise da profissão docente apresenta múltiplos fatores e que existem formas de se sair desse suposto dilema.
RESEARCH OF FACTORS AND CONDITIONS HAVING IMPACT ON ECOLOGICAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FUNCTIONING IN RUSSIAN COMPANIES
Authors: Demidov Alexey Vladimirovich , Larionov Valery Glebovich , Falco Sergey Grigorievich
Published: September 2019

The article gives analysis of the environmental activities of the largest oil and gas processing companies of the Russian Federation (Gazprom PJSC, Gazprom Neft PJSC). There have been identified the current trends in socio-economic development and general objectives of oil and gas processing companies to achieve the sustainable progress, which imply a balance between the socio-economic and environmental factors. There have been presented the factors affecting the environment (natural, deep, technological, recreational, innovative) and given their detailed characteristics. Factors influencing the environmental acceptability of the activities of oil and gas processing companies that are a part of the oil and gas processing complex of the Russian Federation have been revealed, as well as difficulties related to ecologization of production. They became the basis for determining the factors and conditions making an impact on forming the environmental management system (financial, economic, organizational, legal, institutional, industrial, scientific, technological and social). Currently, the integrated management system of Gazprom Neft PJSC includes four management systems that meet the requirements of International Organization of Standardization (ISO) (ISO 14001 - environmental management system; ISO 9001 - quality management system; ISO 5001 - energy management system; OHSAS 18001 - occupational health and safety assessment system). In the course of research there were used the reports on the companies’ activities in terms of sustainable development, as well as environmental reports for 2012-2016. It has been inferred that organizational changes aimed at improving the environmental performance of Russian companies will require significant financial investments, but in the long run they will increase natural capital, ensuring long-term financial stability of the company, which is confirmed by the experience of foreign enterprises.
Between the Infinite and the Finite: God, Hegel and Disagreement
Authors: Carroll Anthony Joseph
Published: September 2019

In this article, I consider the importance of philosophy in the dialogue between religious believers and non-believers. I begin by arguing that a new epistemology of epistemic peer disagreement is required if the dialogue is to progress. Rather than viewing the differences between the positions as due to a deficit of understanding, I argue that differences result from the existential anchoring of such enquiries in life projects and the under-determination of interpretations by experience.  I then explore a central issue which is often implicit in these dialogues, namely the ontological status of God-world relations. Drawing on the reflections of Hegel on the infinite and the finite, I argue that his version of panentheism provides an insightful way to conceptualise God-world relations that avoids both dualistic and monistic approaches and helps to explicate a holistic ontology of transcendence from within the world of experience.
Philosophy and religion, hope and rapture
Authors: Hamilton Christopher
Published: September 2019

I argue that religion knows rapture and philosophy doesn't.
O desenvolvimento de capacidades dinâmicas como recurso estratégico
Authors: Rosa Keila Cristina da , Sausen Jorge Oneide , Zaluski Felipe Cavalheiro
Published: September 2019

O setor de vestuário está inserido no complexo e dinâmico mercado da moda, marcado pela globalização e pelo crescimento da competitividade. Neste contexto, revela-se importante o estudo do tema capacidades dinâmicas, que visa a explicar como empresas conseguem alcançar e sustentar vantagens competitivas mesmo em ambientes altamente dinâmicos e de constantes modificações. Com base nisso, a presente pesquisa – caracterizada como um estudo de caso único, de abordagem qualitativa e descritiva – investigou quais são os mecanismos e os instrumentos de desenvolvimento das capacidades dinâmicas de uma empresa do segmento vestuário, tendo como base o modelo de Wang e Ahmed (2007) que as analisa a partir do conjunto de capacidades adaptativas, absortivas e inovativas. Observa-se no caso estudado que para o desenvolvimento das capacidades dinâmicas ocorre a articulação entre comportamentos e habilidades de busca e inovação, entre rotinas e processos de busca e inovação e entre mecanismos de aprendizagem e governança do conhecimento.
Palavras-chave: Capacidades dinâmicas. Setor de vestuário. Capacidade absortiva, Capacidade adaptativa. Capacidade inovativa.
Gestão humanizada aplicada aos princípios e práticas cooperativistas
Authors: Sausen Juliana Da Fonseca Capssa Lima , Baggio Daniel Knebel , Brizolla Maria Margarete Baccin , Baggio Adelar Francisco , Roveda Taísa Schefer
Published: September 2019

O cooperativismo é relevante para a promoção e transformação do desenvolvimento socioeconômico territorial. Paralelo a isto, alguns princípios do cooperativismo estão alicerçados nos pressupostos da gestão humanizada, que cada vez mais tem se constituído como um diferencial valorativo e competitivo para as organizações. Considerando tais aspectos, este estudo propôs identificar as inter-relações e aplicações dos pressupostos da gestão humanizada quanto aos princípios e práticas do cooperativismo, com vistas a contribuir para seu desenvolvimento e para o desenvolvimento do cooperativismo de crédito. Utilizou-se como metodologia pesquisa bibliográfica, pesquisa documental e entrevistas, a partir de um estudo de caso em uma agência da cooperativa Sicredi das Culturas RS/MG, localizada na região noroeste do Rio Grande do Sul. Os resultados permitiram identificar inter-relações das estratégias e práticas cooperativistas com os pressupostos da gestão humanizada; similaridades entre os próprios pressupostos da gestão humanizada, permitindo sua segmentação em três finalidades essenciais (bem-estar, produtividade e atuação integral); e proximidades destes pressupostos e de suas finalidades com os princípios cooperativistas. Desta forma, concluiu-se que a gestão humanizada tem uma significativa inter-relação com os princípios e com práticas cooperativistas, contribuindo para a otimização dos fundamentos e das ações que permeiam os processos internos e externos implementados neste cenário, constituindo-se como um diferencial valorativo e competitivo para a agência Sicredi considerada neste estudo, para a sua respectiva cooperativa e para o sistema Sicredi, perante o mercado do cooperativismo e do cooperativismo de crédito, e a sociedade.
Palavras-chave: Gestão Humanizada. Princípios Cooperativistas. Cooperativismo de Crédito.
Assessing lead mobility rate from spent corroded and non-corroded bullets fragments on different soil types of tropical ecosystems
Authors: Etim Effiong Ukorebi
Published: September 2019

Lead ions mobility from spent metallic Pb bullets is under increasing scrutiny as a potential significant source of soil contamination. This study investigates effect of soil-properties types on Pb(II) mobility from spent corroded and non-corroded bullets and associated environmental risk using water, toxicity characteristic leaching procedure and synthetic precipitation leaching procedure as leaching techniques. From results, loamy soil properties (pH and organic matter-specific) apparently favored high mobility rate of Pb(II) (0.004 - 1.166 % Pb contamination) from spent bullets compared to sandy and clay soil types. Consequently, Pb(II) mobility from corroded bullet (0.035 - 1.166 %) was significant (p < 0.05) compared to non-corroded bullet (0.004 - 0.873 %) due largely to surface area differences. Percentage Pb contamination increased proportionally with bullet retention time in the different soils types. The experiment reported average decomposition rate of 6.9 g Pb/kg within a 28 weeks retention time. Leaching potential of Pb from spent bullet arising from water, toxicity characteristic leaching procedure and synthetic precipitation leaching procedure was quite significant (p < 0.05) in order of over 100 mg/L. Both toxicity characteristic leaching procedure-Pb and synthetic precipitation leaching procedure-Pb exceeded the 5 mg/L and 15 µg/L critical levels suggested by United State Environmental Protection Agency for Pb (II) mobility and hazardous classification. A significant positive correlation existed between corroded and non-corroded Pb (II) levels within each leaching solutions. Continued dissolution of metallic Pb (II) from spent Pb-bullets may be a mechanism for natural attenuation of Pb in soils. An important result of this study is the clear influence of soil properties on Pb mobility.
Analysis of the Local and Global Forces Acting on the Coil Structure of a Modular Slotless Permanent Magnet Generator
Authors: Kallaste Ants , Vaimann Toomas , Belahcen Anouar , Ghahfarokhi Payam Shams , Rassõlkin Anton
Published: September 2019

This paper investigates the local and global forces acting on the coil structure of a low-speed modular permanent magnet generator for wind energy application. Two different configurations of the coil structure are studied. The first one consists of separately replaceable single-coil modules, whereas the second consists of three-phase coil-module assemblies. The purpose of the analysis is to investigate the advantages and disadvantages of each configuration in terms of vibrations and mechanical robustness. The investigations also provide the load for the mechanical analysis needed in the design of the retaining structure of the generator. The results show that there are strong fluctuations in the radial forces acting on the single-coil structure. The three-phase coil-module assembly reduces the fluctuations of the radial forces, but it results in an increase of the cogging torque, which is not suitable for the slotless design. Namely, the advantage of the slotless design is to reduce the cogging torque. The computed forces are then used in a structural mechanical simulation, the results of which are validated through strain measurements. The validation procedure is carried out on a specially built mock-up as accessing the generator on site is not possible.
The New Approach to the Strategic Project Management in the Polish Public Administration
Authors: Janka Tomasz , Kosieradzka Anna
Published: September 2019

The article deals with a way of standardizing project and program management methods in public administration, considering that they have been initiated by a number of administration units having a great autonomy, independently of the government strategy. To manage the government strategy, an original model of the unification process of managing projects and programs executed as part of the strategy and supported by a dedicated IT system has been specially developed and implemented. The essence of the presented approach is to replace the top-down forcing changes toward unifying the project management methodologies used by government administration units by stimulating interest in facilitation and benefits provided by the IT system and, as a result, also a willingness to join the system. Such voluntary joining the system is associated with voluntary adaptation of the previous locally applied management method to the methodology supported by the IT system.
Reflections on Discussions About Technical Efficiency of Innovativeness of Countries
Authors: Nasierowski Wojciech
Published: September 2019

The objective of this article is to outline various drawbacks of the studies on technical efficiency of pro-innovation activities at a national level. A better awareness of existing constraints may assist the readers and reviewers of the relative reports in a more critical assessment of the presented results and help in planning the research. This article outlines several methodological problems faced with conducting research on the technical efficiency of innovations. On the basis of the review of the subject-related literature, as well as press releases, numerous restraints prevailing in the currently used research approaches are presented. Some of these precincts are evidenced in the used methods: other may be rooted in the non-scientifically related intentions of the authors. Frequently, observations may drive the audience to the incorrect conclusions and opinions. The awareness of the consequences of these limitations may serve as a warning about the reliability of the results, their applicability for crafting policies, and country-to-country comparisons. However, various limitations originate from the very nature of the theme. Several propositions are specified about items to be kept in mind in order to minimize the negative impact caused by existing drawbacks. These may serve as a guide to formulate research questions and hypotheses for verification in further studies. While each of the propositions stated independently may be labeled obvious, their simultaneous review many contribute to the streamlining further research and in the improvement of the quality of suggestions arrived at. The conclusions from the article may also pinpoint to these methodological issues that cause some of the publications on the subject to be of questionable value.
Wayang Palembang Dalam Lakon Bambang Dharmojati oleh Dalang Kiagus Wirawan Bersama Sanggar Sri Palembang
Authors: Fadilla Aminatul
Published: September 2019

This study aimed to analyzing the dynamics of the existence of the Wayang Palembang from the beginning of birth until that brought by Kiagus Wirawan with Sanggar Sri Palembang nowaday (2019). So, to be more focused, Bambang Dharmojati’s sample was chosen in order to give an overview of the Wayang Palembang performance. This research was conducted using qualitative methods and ethnographic approaches. During the process of research found that Wayang Palembang is a typical art that originated from Wayang Purwa. This art began to live and be known in the community since the collapse of the Palembang Darussalam sultanate. There were three very strong cultural elements in the Wayang Palembang, namely the Melayu Palembang, Java and Cirebon. Wayang Palembang today was experiencing a decline in audience interested. This phenomenon raises fundamental questions about how the Wayang Palembang performance, how Sanggar Sri Palembang survives and why it has decreased audience interested. For this reason, Hausers, Tomars and Wolff’s theories were used which said that social change in a place will present a unique art renewal in accordance with the social patterns of the community at that time, then Kernodle’s structured and textured theory was used to analyzing the form of performances to be able to presenting interpretations of interested preferences show. Furthermore, the way to survive is analyzed by Scott’s theory which said that efforts to fight and survive consist of open and hidden form resistance. The results of this study indicated that the Wayang Palembang performance today was still very classical in nature, resulting in a difference between public demand and the availability of performance space. However, to maintain its existence, Kiagus Wirawan and Sanggar Sri Palembang will always hold Wayang Palembang performances independently and do not care about the number of spectators.Keywords: Wayang Palembang; performance, society, Sanggar Sri Palembang; Bambang Dharmojati
Hubungan pemeriksaan LED dan CRP pada penegakkan diagnosis Spondilitis Tb di RSUP dr. M. Djamil Padang tahun 2014-2016
Authors: Wibowo Bayu Fajar , Manjas Menkher , Sahputra Roni Eka , Erkadius Erkadius
Published: September 2019

Spondilitis Tuberkulosis (Tb) merupakan manifestasi Tb tulang yang paling berbahaya dan paling sering ditemukan. Perubahan nilai hematologi berupa pengukuran nilai Laju Endap Darah (LED) dan C-Reactive Protein (CRP) digunakan dalam penegakkan diagnosa, penilaian prognosis dan efektivitas pengobatan Spondilitis Tb. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui hubungan dan akurasi diagnostik LED dan CRP pada pasien spondilitis Tb. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain retrospective cohort study pada 53 penderita diduga Spondilitis Tb yang belum pernah mendapatkan terapi OAT, tetapi telah menjalani operasi dan pemeriksaan histopatologi pada periode Januari 2014 hingga Desember 2016, di RSUP dr. M. Djamil Padang dan diolah dengan analisis Fisher’s Exact Test. Hasil: Tidak terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara kejadian Spondilitis Tb dan nilai LED dengan p-value 0,280 (p>0,05). Tidak terdapat hubungan yang  bermakna antara kejadian Spondilitis Tb dengan nilai kualitatif CRP dengan p-value 0,886 (p>0,05). Simpulan: Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemeriksaan LED dan CRP tidak spesifik untuk diagnosis Spondilitis Tb, kecuali CRP memiliki sensitivitas yang tinggi.
Kromomikosis yang menyerupai karsinoma sel skuamosa: suatu kasus jarang
Authors: Intan Shinta Ayu , Agus Salmiah , Putriyuni Anandia
Published: September 2019

Kromomikosis merupakan infeksi jamur kronik yang disebabkan oleh jamur berpigmen (dematiaceous) yang masuk ke dermis dari lingkungan sekitar. Kromomikosis mengenai laki-laki dewasa dengan rentang usia antara 40-50 tahun. Predileksi paling sering yaitu di ekstremitas bawah terutama kaki. Tanah, sayur-sayuran dan bahan organik lainnya merupakan habitat normal dari jamur ini. Tujuan: Melaporkan satu kasus kromomikosis jarang. Kasus: Dilaporkan kasus pada seorang laki-laki usia 53 tahun dengan bercak berwarna keabu-abuan tanpa rasa gatal dan nyeri yang semakin bertambah besar sejak ±1 tahun yang lalu pada pergelangan kaki kiri.  Simpulan: Kromomikosis sering salah didiagnosis sebagai karsinoma sel skuamosa, konfirmasi histopatologi penting untuk menegakkan diagnosis karena pemeriksaan secara histopatologi menunjukkan gambaran khas yaitu adanya copper pennies sehingga dapat menyingkirkan diagnosis bandingnya.
Anomaly of left coronary artery
Authors: Hasye Finesa , Karani Yerizal
Published: September 2019

Anomalies of the coronary artery are uncommon, with a reported incidence of 0.3% to 1.3% in the coronary angiography studies routinely performed for suspected atherosclerotic coronary disease. There were 0.92% incidence of anomalous origination of the right coronary artery from the left sinus and the 0.15% incidence of anomalous origination of the left coronary artery from the right sinus. Most coronary artery anomalies are diagnosed by invasive angiography performed to investigate suspected atherosclerotic coronary disease. There are two important managements for patient with anomaly coronary artery. First, these coronary anomalies should result in exclusion from participation in intense competitive sports to reduce the risk of a cardiac event or sudden death. Second, and more importantly, treatment for wrong sinus coronary artery anomalies are revascularization can be either surgical or percutaneous. Surgical intervention should be considered for high-risk varieties of anomalous coronary arteries, as this is the only treatment that has been demonstrated to improve coronary blood flow and carries a low morbidity and mortality.
Epidemi obesitas dan dampaknya terhadap status kesehatan masyarakat serta sosial ekonomi bangsa
Authors: Masrul Masrul
Published: September 2019

Obesitas merupakan penyakit kronis dan multi faktorial dan juga disebut penyakit inflamasi kronik yang ditandai dengan peningkatan total lemak tubuh. Distribusi kejadian obesitas berhubungan dengan faktor jenis kelamin, usia, tingkat pendidikan, dan status ekonomi. Faktor risiko dasar terjadinya obesitas yaitu faktor peningkatan asupan, faktor metabolik, penggunaan kalori dan gen. Obesitas terbagi menjadi dua tipe yaitu obesitas sentral dan obesitas periferal. Dampak obesitas terhadap kesehatan masyarakat meliputi percepatan proses penuaan, gangguan kecerdasan, resistensi insulin, kanker, osteoatritis, kolelithiasis, dan kematian pada usia muda. Selain itu, obesitas juga berdampak pada sosial ekonomi seperti menurunnya kualitas kehidupan penderita, menurunnya produktivitas individu dan negara, tingginya biaya kesehatan negara, dan tingginya biaya yang dikeluarkan individu ketika sakit. Oleh karena itu, dibutuhkan pengendalian dan penanganan epidemi obesitas dengan pendekatan dalam aspek sosial, biologi, teknologi, dan ekonomi. Prinsip dasarnya penanggulangan obesitas adalah intervensi gaya hidup dan terapi medik seperti obat-obatan dan operasi bariatrik bila diperlukan. Perubahan gaya hidup lebih ditekankan pada modifikasi perilaku makanan dan aktivitas fisik.
Peningkatan kualitas hidup pasien kanker dengan metastasis tulang yang menjalani radiasi paliatif
Authors: Rafli Rhandyka , Anissa Mutiara
Published: September 2019

Tujuan: Radioterapi dapat mengurangi gejala yang ditimbulkan oleh kanker dengan metastasis tulang. Penilaian hasil pengobatan berdasarkan informasi klinis sedangkan informasi kualitas hidup jarang dilaporkan. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menilai peningkatan kualitas hidup pasien yang menjalani radiasi paliatif untuk metastasis tulang. Metode: penelitian kohort prospektif dengan sampel pasien kanker metastasis tulang yang berkunjung ke-4 pusat radioterapi di Sumatera, dari bulan Mei-September 2018. Jumlah sampel adalah 18 orang dengan teknik pengambilan total  sampling. Perbaikan kualitas hidup dinilai dengan kuesioner EORTC QLQ C-30. Analisis statistik dengan uji T berpasangan. Hasil: Rerata Global Health Status sebelum dan sesudah terapi adalah 39,81 dan 64,81 dengan perbedaan kuat dan bermakna (r=0,75; p<0,001) dengan rerata peningkatan skala adalah 25.  Rerata Functional Scales sebelum dan sesudah adalah 44,32 dan 58,27 dengan perbedaan sedang dan bermakna (r=0,48; p=0,042) . Peningkatan rerata Functional Scales adalah 13,95. Rerata Symptoms Scales sebelum dan sesudah adalah 46,15 dan 29,48 dengan perbedaan rerata yang kuat dan bermakna (r=0,743; p<0,001). Rerata penurunan Symptoms Scale sesudah terapi adalah 16,67. Simpulan: Radioterapi dapat meningkatkan kualitas hidup pasien dan menurunkan gejala secara signifikan, namun memperbaiki fungsi pada sebagian sampel.