bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Phase I, Randomized, Single-Ascending-Dose, Multiple-Dose, and Food-Effect Trial of the Safety, Efficacy, and Pharmacokinetics of Topiroxostat in Healthy Chinese Participants
Authors: Ye Suiwen , Zhuang Wei , Lin Yunni , Lai Xiuping , Chen Junyi , Wang Jing , Zhong Guoping , Yao Herui , Wu Junyan
Published: July 2022

Background: As the structure of the human diet changes, the prevalence of hyperuricemia is increasing each year. Hyperuricemia and its comorbidities, such as gout, severely affect quality of life. Moreover, hyperuricemia causes renal impairment and is associated with chronic kidney disease. Topiroxostat, a selective xanthine oxidoreductase inhibitor, has been approved to treat hyperuricemia or gout in Japan. Topiroxostat has shown good tolerance and efficacy in the Japanese population. However, its pharmacokinetic (PK) characteristics, efficacy, and safety in the Chinese population remains unknown.

Objective: This trial evaluated the PK profile, safety, efficacy, and food effects of Topiroxostat in healthy Chinese participants.

Methods: The major endpoint was determination of the PK profile of Topiroxostat. Topiroxostat concentrations were detected with LC-MS/MS. PK parameters were calculated in Phoenix WinNonlin 8.1. Minor endpoints were safety and efficacy assessments. Assessment of adverse events and safety was performed by clinicians. Plasma uric acid concentration (ΔECmax and ΔAUEC) was determined as the pharmacodynamic index. This study consisted of three arms: single ascending dose (20, 40, and 80 mg, N = 10), multiple dose (80 mg BID, 7 days, N = 10), and food effects (40 mg single dose, fasting-fed cross-over design, N = 10).

Results: In the single-ascending-dose arm, Topiroxostat showed rapid absorption and excretion, with Tmax <1.6 h and T1/2 2.49–3.72 h. Additionally, Topiroxostat showed a wide distribution, on the basis of moderate Vz/F (242.8–336.36 L). The main PK parameters Cmax, AUC0-t, and AUC0-C showed a linear relationship with dose (R2 = 0.5146, 0.8416, 0.8386, respectively). In the multiple-dose arm, no significant differences were observed in Cmin on days 3–6 (P = 0.265). No serious adverse events were observed. Regarding efficacy, plasma uric acid levels were controlled to low levels during multiple-dose administration. In the food-effects arm, the fed group showed a lower Cmax than the fasting group (316.00 ± 135.81 vs. 478.40 ± 175.42 ng/mL, P = 0.033) but demonstrated better efficacy (ΔECmax, P < 0.001; ΔAUEC, P < 0.001).

Conclusions: Topiroxostat showed rapid absorption and a broad distribution in healthy Chinese adults. Additionally, it showed good safety and tolerance in the Chinese population. Moreover, the pharmacodynamic profile indicated that post cibum administration increased the efficacy of Topiroxostat.
The Sustainability Argument for Open Science
Authors: Govaart Gisela H. , Hofmann Simon M. , Medawar Evelyn
Published: July 2022

Ever-increasing anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions narrow the timeframe for humanity to mitigate the climate crisis. Scientific research activities are resource demanding and, consequently, contribute to climate change; at the same time, scientists have a central role in advancing knowledge, also on climate-related topics. In this opinion piece, we discuss (1) how open science – adopted on an individual as well as on a systemic level – can contribute to making research more environmentally friendly, and (2) how open science practices can make research activities more efficient and thereby foster scientific progress and solutions to the climate crisis. While many building blocks are already at hand, systemic changes are necessary in order to create academic environments that support open science practices and encourage scientists from all fields to become more carbon-conscious, ultimately contributing to a sustainable future.
Opera Diplomacy
Authors: Stenberg Josh
Published: July 2022

In 1960, as part of the early People’s Republic of China’s (PRC) cultural diplomacy, a troupe of almost one hundred Chinese performers and officials visited Canada, where they were widely identified as the “Peking Opera.” This was the high Cold War, ten years before Canada would recognize the PRC. Internal government documents show that granting permission for the opera visit constituted a considerable shift in Canadian policy, allowing a large-scale exchange with Communist China at a time when it was not possible for such a tour to visit the United States. For China, visits of performing arts groups were a major part of international diplomacy. For Canadian impresarios, hosting the Peking Opera was a way of legitimizing their festivals and theatres internationally. Among Chinese Canadian communities, reactions to the visit showed that the pendulum had begun to swing away from Taipei and toward Beijing, and for the Royal Canadian Mounted Police the tour members were suspicious figures to be put under close surveillance as they interacted with Canadians. Glimpsed from these varying perspectives, the tour shows how the cultural isolation of the PRC was coming to an end as early as 1960, even in North America, and prefigures China’s present soft power push.
A sudden collapse: the disaggregation of amyloid fibres
Authors: Couzijn Suzanne , Nollen Ellen AA
Published: July 2022

A hallmark of age‐related neurodegenerative diseases is the presence of highly stable protein aggregates, also known as amyloid fibres. As these fibres are strongly associated with disease, it is thought that clearance of these fibres could delay or prevent disease progression. In this issue of The EMBO Journal, Beton et al unravel how the Hsc70/DNAJB1/Apg2 disaggregase machinery disassembles amyloid fibres, using α‐synuclein fibrils implicated in Parkinson's Disease as a model substrate.
Provisión de cuidados a personas mayores dependientes en los entornos rurales en España
Authors:   Universidad de Salamanca, Martín Ángel , Rivera Jesús
Published: July 2022

The aim of this study, carried out following qualitative research techniques –semi-structured interviews to dependant people, trained and un-trained caregivers, and public, private and third-sector employees in Castilla y León– is to analyse the similarities and differences that exist among the several discursive stances regarding how care services are provided to elderly dependants in terms of their place of residence. The results show that the lack or inadequacy of formal means in rural regions give place to situations that highlight the importance of caregiving by family members to dependant elderly people. Likewise, the traditional informal system of caregiving is considered to be debilitated in rural areas due to the ageing process, migration from rural to urban areas, as well as social, family and cultural transformations that have been taking place since the latter part of the 20th century.
Psychoeducational program proposal to develop conflict resolution skills in female survivors of intimate partner violence
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, Galicia María del Pilar
Published: July 2022

Conflict is an inevitable and inherent characteristic of social relationships, therefore, it is necessary to have the skills to solve them in a nonviolent and constructive manner. In the case of female survivors of intimate partner violence, it has been found that one of the repercussions is the lack of strategies to establish a dialogue or be confrontational when needed within their close relationships. Thus, the objective of this paper is to propose a psychoeducational program based on an education for peace and humanistic approach that promotes the development of conflict resolution skills in female survivors of intimate partner violence The method will be a qualitative approach, pre-experimental design. As for the selection of participants, it is suggested the intentional sampling method, with the inclusión criteria being: women between the ages of 20 and 40 years who live in areas in condition of vulnerability. The porposed intervention consist of 14 weekly sessions, divided in 3 phases: diagnostic, intervention, and evaluation. For data collection, a logbook, focus groups and observational records will be used. With this proposal, it is sought to highlight the pertinence and urgency of creating projects targeting this demographic, so that their empowerment and well-being can be improved.
Geneza i założenia pierwszej konstytucji Republiki Finlandii z 1919 r.
Authors:   Uniwersytet w Białymstoku, Bożyk Stanisław
Published: July 2022

In the history of constitutionalism, a very important stage was the adoption of new constitutions in many European countries within a few years after the end of World War I. The vast majority of these countries gained independence at that historic moment as a result of the collapse of two great empires: the Russian Empire and the Austro-Hungarian Empire. The constitutions established at that time practically everywhere declared a liberal-democratic model of the political system, an example of which could be the March Constitution in the Second Polish Republic or the fundamental laws of Czechoslovakia, Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia. They also include the then-constitutional regulations in the Republic of Finland, the analysis of which is the main goal of this study. First of all, it is necessary to show the genesis of the adopted legal solutions and patterns that determined their final shape. However, special attention should be paid to the principles and basic institutions of the state system of Finland, as laid down in the Act on the Form of Government of 1919, which was not the only act of constitutional rank defining the system of that state at that time. It is also worth asking why the first constitution of the Republic of Finland adopted at that time, unlike the then constitutions of a significant part of European countries (including the Second Polish Republic), was not replaced in the 1930s by a completely new constitution, creating the basis for an authoritarian system of government. The comments presented in this article are the result of an analysis of the Finnish constitutional acts of the interwar period and the available historical and legal as well as legal and political literature.
Introduction, Decline, and Fall of Socio-Economic Provisions in Yugoslavia’s Constitutions (1921–1931)
Authors:   Универзитет у Бањој Луци (University of Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina), Miškić Mirjana
Published: July 2022

The economic and social provisions of the Vidovdan constitution represent its most advanced part. Its introduction was a step forward towards the creation of a socially responsible state. However, their basic goal, increasing the cultural and economic well-being of the people, was not achieved and the economic crisis deepened. In the post-war state, burdened with cultural, religious, and national differences, the democratic constitution did not last long. The author tries to explain the factors that influenced the adoption of these provisions and their (non) implementation. Whether the failure of economic and social provisions was determined by the fate of the constitution or by objective facts is difficult to say. The author seeks to prove that the collapse of the constitution and its economic and social provisions was influenced by a number of unfavorable circumstances, such as the economic underdevelopment of the state, the remnants of feudal relations, political disunity, resistance to the new state, and Serbian hegemony. Using the historical-legal method of research, combined with economic and sociological methods, the socio-economic provisions of the Vidovdan Constitution and their implementation will be analyzed.
Od Wielkiej Serbii do Królestwa SHS. Historyka ustroju uwag kilka
Authors:   Wyższa Szkoła Humanitas w Sosnowcu, Lityński Adam
Published: July 2022

In the 19th century, the Balkan problem was a major political issue in Europe. The Balkans were under the rule of the Ottoman Empire for hundreds of years. Other great empires became increasingly involved in Balkan affairs: the Russian Empire and the Habsburg Empire of Austria (after 1867 Austria-Hungary). They divided the Balkans into their spheres of influence. The nations of the Balkans were culturally diverse. The process of forming the consciousness of nations was complicated; nationalisms and conflicts were growing. Religions were of great importance – Catholicism, Orthodoxy, Islam. Apart from tiny Montenegro, only the Serbs have fought heroically for independence since the early 19th century, making great sacrifices. Gradually they gained it: first, autonomy within the Ottoman Empire, then they became an independent principality, and finally an independent kingdom. From the mid-19th century until the end of World War I, they passed a total of five constitutions: 1835, 1869, 1888/9, 1901, 1903. They were based partly on the French (1814, 1830) and Belgian (1831) Basic Laws. All constitutions were relatively modern and liberal, at a high European level. In the article the author analyses and presents the most important contents of these constitutions. Over the years, a conviction was developed that it was Serbia that would unite and liberate the Balkan nations under its leadership. The author shows how the end of the First Great War brought a clash between the idea of a Greater Serbia and the ambitions of the Balkan nations living under Austro-Hungarian rule. The Kingdom of Serbs-Croats-Slovenes (Kingdom SHS) was established-full of internal troubles from the beginning.
Ukraina na drodze do suwerenności. Uwagi historyka prawa. Recenzja: A. Olechno, Ewolucja konstytucyjnych podstaw systemu rządów Ukrainy, Białystok 2019, ss. 290
Authors:   Wyższa Szkoła Humanitas w Sosnowcu, Lityński Adam
Published: July 2022

The author deals with the history of the formation of a sovereign state – Ukraine in the twentieth century. The author begins with the activities of Ukrainians after the Russian Revolution of 1917. Among Ukrainian politicians, there were different ideas: autonomy within the Federation Republic of Russia or as a sovereign state. The idea of fighting for a sovereign Ukraine was prevalent. Simon Petlura was the main proponent of this direction. Territorial affairs were very contentious. Which country should compose a sovereign Ukraine in the future? In this matter, the Ukrainians came into conflict with all their neighbours. Thus, the Ukrainians were almost in a siege. Between 1918 and 1920 the Ukrainians fought the most serious battles against the Russian Bolsheviks. In Ukraine there was also a civil war with the Ukrainian Bolsheviks. At that time Simon Petlura allied himself with Poland against the Russian Bolsheviks. The Ukrainian people did not support this alliance. Ukraine was conquered by Bolshevik Russia. For several decades, Ukraine became one of the republics of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. As you know, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics – contrary to its name – was a centralised state in which terror prevailed for decades. In 1991 – under Michael Gorbachev – Ukraine was one of the republics of the USSR that left the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics fastest. For the first time in its history, Ukraine became a sovereign state.
Key factors for effective mitotane therapy in children with adrenocortical carcinoma
Authors: Kuhlen Michaela , Mier Pascal , Kunstreich Marina , Lessel Lienhard , Schneider Dominik , Brecht Ines , Schewe Denis M , Frühwald Michael C , Vorwerk Peter , Redlich Antje
Published: July 2022

Adjuvant treatment with mitotane and chemotherapy is recommended for paediatric advanced and metastatic adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC). Yet, questions on the indication, dosage, and length of therapy are unanswered. Data from the German Paediatric Oncology Haematology-Malignant Endocrine Tumour studies were analysed retrospectively for patients receiving mitotane during first- and/or second-line therapy. Forty-three patients were identified (median age: 7.5 years (range: 0.2–17.8); 29 female) with median follow-up of 2.2 years (range: 0.04–12.71). Three-year overall (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were 44.9% and 28.5%, respectively. Eleven of 43 patients received mitotane as neoadjuvant treatment, and 4/11 tumours reached partial remission (PR). Twenty-seven of 43 patients received mitotane combined with chemotherapy in an adjuvant setting resulting in PR of measurable target lesions in 5/13 patients. Metastatic disease (hazard ratio (HR): 3.2; 95% CI: 1.2–18.6; P = 0.018), duration of mitotane treatment <9 months (HR: 5.6; 95% CI: 1.9–16.9; P = 0.002), and not achieving drug target range (TR) (HR: 28.5; 95% CI: 5.4–150.3; P < 0.001) significantly impacted as negative prognostic factors upon PFS and OS (metastatic disease: HR: 4.9; 95% CI: 1.6–15.5; P = 0.006; duration of mitotane treatment: HR: 7.0: 95% CI 1.9–26.0; P = 0.004; TR not reached: HR: 13.5; 95% CI 3.6–50.3; P < 0.001). Cox regression determined the risk of event decreasing by 10.4% for each month of mitotane treatment (P = 0.015). Re-treatment with mitotane after first-line treatment proved ineffective. The duration of mitotane treatment and reaching mitotane TR significantly impacted survival. Improving the efficacy of mitotane, including appropriate indications, needs to be evaluated in prospective randomized trials.
Non-surgical orbital decompression using diuresis in dysthyroid optic neuropathy: a case report
Authors: Erdei Annamaria , Gazdag Annamaria , Ujhelyi Bernadett , Nagy Edit B , Berenyi Ervin , Berta Eszter , Steiber Zita , Barna Sandor , Mezosi Emese , Bodor Miklos , Nagy Endre V
Published: July 2022

Introduction

Dysthyroid optic neuropathy (DON) is a rare, severe form of thyroid eye disease, in which decreased visual acuity is accompanied by characteristic MRI findings. The treatment of DON has always been a challenge.

Case presentation

In a patient in whom visual acuity deteriorated on the left eye, mannitol 20% 200 mL followed by furosemide 40 mg 6 h later, administered daily, were initiated on the day of admission. Visual function by ophthalmology methods, and orbital compartment volumes and water content by MRI were followed. Intravenous diuretics resulted in an immediate therapeutic response. Visual acuity improved from 20/50 to 20/25 after 2 days of treatment. MRI revealed decreasing water content of both the muscle and connective tissue compartments without any volume changes. Subsequently, corticosteroids and orbital irradiation were started. Orbital decompression surgery was not required.

Discussion/conclusion

Edematous swelling of orbital tissues is an established contributor of local pressure increase in thyroid eye disease. Diuretics reduce orbital pressure and, if confirmed by others, may be useful additions to the standard of care in sight-threatening DON.
Economía Política de la Comunicación y estudio de las hegemonías discursivas. Fundamentos para comprender lo social
Authors: Nitrihual Valdebenito Luis , Ulloa Galindo Claudio
Published: July 2022

En este artículo examinamos los postulados de la economía política de la comunicación como disciplina que persigue comprender los procesos de transformación y permanencia de los sistemas mediáticos insertos en el capitalismo. Abordamos especialmente las propuestas de Vincent Mosco. Desde estos postulados abordamos la complementariedad interdisciplinaria que se da con los estudios discursivos, los cuales permiten leer la realidad social desde la materialidad y opacidad del lenguaje, específicamente mediante el estudio de las hegemonías discursivas. Esta complementariedad permite escapar del reduccionismo materialista, por un lado, y del exceso culturalista, por el otro, enriqueciendo los análisis sociales gracias a la convergencia de aportes teóricos como los de Antonio Gramsci y Cornelius Castoriadis, entre otros.
Criptomonedas y su efecto en la estabilidad del sistema financiero internacional: Apuntes para Centroamérica
Authors: Salas-Ocampo Luis Diego , Alfaro-Salas Marly
Published: July 2022

This research seeks to establish some of the implications for the stability of the international financial system of capital movements that occur in the context of the use of cryptocurrencies as legal tender and as an investment asset, trying to observe some specific lines for the Central American case. It addresses global entities of the international financial system, central banks of several continents and Central America. I makes evident the discourse and practices from a qualitative perspective using the discourse analysis technique which is combined with descriptive statistical analysis on the number of cryptocurrency owners in countries. It concludes that there is a relationship between the 2008 financial crisis and a very strong movement of the technical and computer sectors in the line of generating a whole process of reconceptualization and repositioning as financial consumers in the international and national financial system. In  addition, it visualizes three possible scenarios for resolving the tension between the private cryptocurrency instrumental sectors and international banking. On the other hand, it determines that in Central America there are no operational and technical conditions for the generation of Central Bank policies in relation to the incorporation of these in digital currencies.
Properties of Steel Modified by Surface Ion Implantation with Mo, Ti, and Al
Authors: Kryvoruchko S.O. , Kryvoruchko A.O. , Honcharov V.V. , Zazhigalov V.O.
Published: July 2022

Modification of metals by a surface treatment is one of the first problems of modern materials science. The use of ion-plasma technologies for a modification of initial specimens, in particular, by ion implantation, for this purpose can be considered a promising solution. We study the microstructure, phase and elemental compositions, wetting forces, and electrical properties of steel with implanted ions of titanium, aluminum, and molybdenum. The results obtained by means of XRD, XPS, optical microscopy, and laboratory experiments show significant differences between the treated and untreated specimens. The modification of metal by ion implantation causes changes in the wettability and electrical characteristics and indicates the prospects of this technology for mechanical engineering, chemical, food, pharmaceutical industries, for the construction of structures and vehicles, including their work under severe atmospheric conditions.
Technological & Cultural Changes in the Digital Era
Authors: Araujo Denize
Published: July 2022

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Primeros registros fósiles de Condrictios para la Formación Venado, Mioceno Superior, provincia de Alajuela, Costa Rica
Authors: Argüello-Sáenz Alejandro , Laurito César A. , Valerio Ana L. , Quesada Gustavo , Ulloa Andrés
Published: July 2022

Restos dentales de seláceos fueron recolectados en la caverna Gabinarraca, en Venado de San Carlos. Estos fósiles se encontraron en litofacies tipo grainstone, asociados a ambientes de estuario lagunar carbonatado característicos de la Formación Venado de edad Mioceno Superior-Plioceno. Entre los restos de tiburones recuperados destacan ejemplares juveniles de Carcharocles megalodon asociado a ambientes sublitorales y ambientes de aguas salobres. El hallazgo de estos restos permite evidenciar que especies como el Carcharocles megalodon utilizaron las aguas someras del Mioceno donde actualmente se localiza Venado de San Carlos como zona de crianza.
Cosmological exact solutions of Petrov type D. A mixture of two fluids: dark energy and radiation
Authors: Angulo Sibaja Andrés A. , Alvarado Marín Rodrigo , Vargas Obando Mauricio
Published: July 2022

In this paper, two exact solutions of the Einstein’s equations are obtained for an anisotropic and homogeneous symmetry of Petrov Type D, the difference between both solutions lies in how relevant is the expansion that is presented initially, either on an axis or on a perpendicular plane. Both solutions represent a mixture of two fluids with minimum interaction: dark energy (P = −µ) and radiation (P = µ/3). The singularities and the influence that these fluids have on this metric are studied; the Hubble parameters, the deceleration parameter and the role that these fluids represent on them are determined and analyzed. Additionally, their temperature and the role that both play on this magnitude are determined.
Entrevista fenomenológica a adultos mayores por medios virtuales: informe de experiencia
Authors: González-Soto Cinthia Elizabeth , Lima Claudia Feio da Maia , Guerrero-Castañeda Raúl Fernando
Published: July 2022

RESUMEN Objetivos: relatar la experiencia de la realización de entrevistas fenomenológicas por medios virtuales en un grupo de adultos mayores durante la pandemia por COVID-19. Métodos: se trata de un informe de experiencia sobre los principales aspectos que los investigadores vivieron en el proceso de la entrevista fenomenológica virtual como alternativa a la entrevista cara a cara con adultos mayores durante el aislamiento social por la pandemia por COVID-19. Resultados: la experiencia de realizar las entrevistas fenomenológicas por videoconferencia fue útil, enriquecedora y satisfactoria. Las dificultades que se presentaron fueron menores en comparación con los beneficios de la técnica. Consideraciones Finales: el uso de la tecnología para optimizar la recolección de datos cualitativos es una estrategia recomendable que puede ser retomada por enfermería, siempre que los objetivos de la investigación lo permitan.
Experiências adversas na infância, características sociodemográficas e sintomas de depressão em adolescentes de um município do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
Authors: Andrade Célia Regina de , Avanci Joviana Quintes , Oliveira Raquel de Vasconcellos Carvalhaes de
Published: July 2022

O objetivo foi identificar os padrões das experiências adversas na infância entre adolescentes escolares de um município do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, segundo características sociodemográficas (sexo, cor da pele e estrato socioeconômico) e sintomas depressivos. Caracteriza-se por um desenho transversal com amostra de 1.117 adolescentes escolares de 13 a 19 anos do Município de São Gonçalo, Rio de Janeiro. A depressão foi avaliada pelo Inventário de Depressão Infantil e foram investigadas experiências adversas na infância. A análise envolveu análises bivariadas e análise de correspondência múltipla (ACM) das experiências adversas na infância, variáveis sociodemográficas (sexo, cor de pele e estrato socioeconômico) e sintomas depressivos. Os resultados mostram a organização de oito grupos composto por: meninas e adolescentes de estrato social mais baixo e experiências adversas na infância relacionadas ao ambiente; meninos, ser de estrato social mais alto e não ter vivido experiências adversas na infância; adolescentes com sintomas de depressão e experiências adversas na infância dirigidas fisicamente a eles/família; adolescentes de cor de pele branca, sem sintomas de depressão e que não vivenciaram experiências adversas na infância; adolescentes de cor de pele preta/parta/amarela/indígena que vivenciaram experiências adversas na família e na comunidade; adolescentes que perderam pai e mãe por morte, e falta de comida em casa; adolescentes que vivenciaram violência psicológica; e adolescentes que vivenciaram experiências sexuais envolvendo seus pais. Os achados alertam para a necessidade de olhar com atenção e o mais cedo possível para a exposição de experiências adversas na infância de forma a cuidar, intervir e mitigar os efeitos negativos no momento atual, no curso de vida e em gerações futuras.
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF DUPUYTREN'S DISEASE IN BRAZIL
Authors: Nakamoto Hugo Alberto , Gonçalves Reinaldo Borges , Oliveira Lucas Torres , Macedo Lucas Sousa , Sambuy Marina Tommasini Carrara de , Rodrigues Mauricio Pinto , Mattar Júnior Rames
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT Objectives: The purpose of this study is to describe associated factors and epidemiological aspects of Dupuytren’s Disease in patients followed up in a Brazilian tertiary public hospital, at the Hand Surgery service. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed from 2014 to 2019. Data collected included: age, gender, ancestry, associated comorbidity presence, phenobarbital, tobacco, and alcohol use, family history of Dupuytren’s Disease and associated fibrotic diseases. Then, the patients underwent a clinical examination to identify and characterize the involvement of the fingers. The patients were also assessed in regard to whether they presented Dupuytren’s Disease severity factors. Results: 140 patients were included, 70.7% men and 29.3% women. Only 42.3% reported being of European ancestry; 20% had first-degree relatives with the disease; 59.3% presented comorbidities, including hypertension, diabetes, chronic heart disease, dyslipidemia, epilepsy, and HIV infection; 15.8% had Ledderhose disease, 7.1% had Peyronie’s disease. 31% were smokers, 16.6% were alcoholic, and 37.1% were phenobarbital users; 40% presented with a severe form of DD. Conclusion: The population studied was composed of Brazilians, most of whom did not report European ancestry; still, they presented several characteristics similar to those described in literature worldwide. Level of Evidence II; Prognostic Studies; Investigating the effect of a patient characteristic on the outcome of a disease .
EFFICACY OF EXTENDED ORAL TRANEXAMIC ACID ON BLOOD LOSS IN PRIMARY TOTAL KNEE ARTHROPLASTY
Authors: Yuenyongviwat Varah , Dissaneewate Kantapon , Iamthanaporn Khanin , Tuntarattanapong Pakjai , Hongnaparak Theerawit
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT Introduction: Tranexamic acid is widely used for patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA). However, the duration of systemic tranexamic acid (TXA) administration varies in many reports. Hence, this study aims to compare blood loss between a single intravenous (IV) TXA dose, and one dose of IV TXA combined with oral TXA, during 48-hour postoperative care in primary TKA. Methods: Ninety-four patients with primary osteoarthritis, who underwent primary TKA, were randomized into two groups. The first group consisted of 47 patients and received a dose of 750 mg IV TXA and 750 mg oral TXA postoperatively at 8-hour intervals for 48 hours. In the second group, 47 patients received a single dose of IV TXA and a placebo at the same intervals for the same time duration. Hemoglobin (Hb) was measured at 4, 24 and 72 hours after operation. Results: The mean total blood loss were not different between the two groups (p=0.37). There was no difference in total Hb reduction or closed suction drainage outputs (p=0.9 and 0.07, respectively). Conclusion: The extended use of oral TXA for 48-hour postoperative care did not decrease the total blood loss following TKA compared with a single dose of IV TXA. Level Of Evidence I; High quality randomized trial .
EXTENSOR MECHANISM TRANSPLANTATION AFTER KNEE PROSTHESIS: 70-MONTH FOLLOW-UP
Authors: Helito Camilo Partezani , Mozella Alan de Paula , Varone Bruno Butturi , Demange Marco Kawamura , Gobbi Riccardo Gomes , Minamoto Sandra Tie Nishibe , Cobra Hugo Alexandre de Araujo Barros
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT Objective: This article reports the range of motion, failure rate, and complications of patients with extensor mechanism injury after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) treated with extensor mechanism allograft with mid-term follow-up. Methods: Patients undergoing post-ATJ extensor mechanism transplantation from 2009 to 2018 were retrospectively evaluated. Demographics, the reason for transplantation, elapsed time from arthroplasty to transplantation, related surgical factors, immobilization time, range of motion, transplant failure, and complications were collected. The minimum follow-up was 24 months. Results: Twenty patients were evaluated. The mean follow-up was 70.8 +/- 33.6 months. The most common cause of extensor mechanism rupture was traumatic in 10 (50%) cases. Six patients underwent associated surgeries, one case of medial ligament complex reconstruction, and 5 cases of TKA revision. Eleven patients (55%) had transplant-related complications. The most common complication was an infection. Five cases presented transplant failure. Conclusion: Patients who underwent extensor mechanism allograft transplantation after total knee arthroplasty had a 25% failure rate with a mean follow-up of 6 years. Although there was no loss of flexion with the procedure and prolonged immobilization, the complication rate was not low. Level of evidence IV; case series .
EVALUATION OF MANAGEMENT OF PATIENTS WITH OSTEOPOROTIC FRACTURES BY ORTHOPEDIC RESIDENTS: A CROSS-SECTIONAL OBSERVATIONAL STUDY
Authors: Ocampos Guilherme Pereira , Peres Matheus Mendonça , Rezende Marcia Uchoa de , Arouca Matheus Manolo , Camargo Olavo Pires de
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT Objective: To assess whether residents (R1, R2, or R3 - according to the year of residency) of a tertiary orthopedic service investigate, treat and/or refer the patient with osteoporotic fracture for osteoporosis (OP) treatment and whether this learning is improved over the years of residency. Methods: Residents answered diagnostic and therapeutic questions related to a clinical case of osteoporotic fracture (OF) in 4 settings, which were initial care in the emergency room, at discharge, during outpatient follow-up at 3 and 6 months. Responses were compared between years of residency. Results: Twenty R1, 21 R2, and 19 R3 raised the questions. One resident treated osteoporosis in R1, two in R2, and four in R3. Seventy-five percent of R1, 90.5% of R2, and 68% of R3 referred patients for OP treatment. Over the years, there has been improved prescribing lab tests for osteoporosis (p = 0.028), with 52.6% of third-year residents prescribing adequate lab tests. In the same period, 100% of R3 correctly prescribed prophylaxis for deep vein thrombosis (p = 0.001). Conclusion: There is learning, but not enough, for secondary prevention of FO. Level of Evidence I; Prospective Comparative Study.
Intellectual mediators and the internationalization of knowledge: Kumlien and the Swedish gymnastics (1895 - 1921)
Authors: Bonifácio Iara Marina dos Anjos , Moreno Andrea , Baía Anderson da Cunha
Published: July 2022

Abstract Between the 19th and 20th centuries, a strong movement of internationalization took place at the Stockholm Central Institute of Gymnastics (GCI), relying, among other actions, on the mobility of individuals from Sweden to other countries. Ludvig Gideon Kumlien (1874-1934) moved from Sweden to Paris and developed different actions to promote Swedish gymnastics. By mobilizing the notion of mediating intellectuals, our objective was to analyze the dissemination strategies undertaken by Kumlien in France between 1895 and 1921, using French newspapers and gymnastics manuals as sources. We conclude that Kumlien, in his encounter with a new culture, designed strategies to overcome the resistance against the Swedish gymnastics; however, he did not abandon the modus operandi of the individuals trained by the GCI.
Racism in Childhood and the Childhood of Racism: Life and tracks of a Black Child
Authors: Ferreira Emerson Benedito , Abramowicz Anete
Published: July 2022

Abstract This article, based on an archaeological-type methodology of genealogy, aimed at retrieving and mapping fragments of the life of a black child in a judicial document housed at the Simonense Historical Museum in 1861. Further, it intends to understand this document, its speeches and positions, deciphering how the legal machinery worked in its most expressive concept of power-knowledge, and what views and approaches the local power used to manage lives and bodies. The work also sought to understand how, in that nineteenth-century context, “color” and “race” influenced procedural disentangling. The work led us to find that in the middle of the 19th century a new idea of ‘child’ came into being. This child model, idealized at that time by hygienist medicine, would only serve the white, Catholic, wealthy child. It would not support the black child. It was not just an existing type of racism, but a new type of racism that was born along with the very idea of a child. It was the childhood of this type of racism in Brazil. And this racism would have consequences for legal proceedings involving black children. It would give rise to selective justice, with judicial decisions affected by the racial issue.
The Jesuits and the misdirections of a mission
Authors: Faria Marcos Roberto de
Published: July 2022

Abstract The paper investigates a crisis linked to the action of the Jesuits from the Province of Brazil, in the late 16th and early 17th centuries. This crisis took place among the members of the Society and is exposed, in this manuscript, through criticisms directed to the superiors and in the complaints of deviant behaviors, made by the priests themselves who acted in the mission in Brazil. The Mission misdirections deepen as some members of the Society dishonored their religious vows and practiced violence, especially when dealing with the Indians in the villages. In order to verify these misdirections, we analyzed documentation, little explored and largely unknown for the Brazilian public, researched at the Archivum Romanum Societatis Iesu (ARSI), in Rome.
Saúde de travestis e pessoas trans no Rio de Janeiro e Região Metropolitana: estratégias e condições de acesso
Authors: Hernández Jimena de Garay , Silva Junior Aureliano Lopes da , Carrara Sérgio , Baldanzi Ana Camilla de Oliveira , Uziel Anna Paula
Published: July 2022

Resumo O presente artigo tem como objetivo discutir estratégias e condições de acesso à saúde de travestis e pessoas trans a partir de informações colhidas por pesquisa realizada entre 2016 e 2017, que consistiu na aplicação de questionário em 391 pessoas trans e travestis habitantes do Município do Rio de Janeiro e de sua Região Metropolitana, bem como em entrevistas realizadas com a equipe de entrevistadores/as sobre o próprio processo de aplicação do questionário. São abordadas as seguintes dimensões: estratégias de acesso à informação e ao cuidado em saúde transespecífica; processos de afirmação de gênero e modificações corporais não-invasivas e procedimentos cirúrgicos; acesso e uso de hormônios e saúde mental. Os dados coletados apontam para a precariedade no acesso aos cuidados em saúde e para a importância de os serviços de saúde procurarem acolher efetivamente a enorme demanda não atendida dessa população por tais cuidados, sem culpabilizá-la por se manter muitas vezes fora de tais serviços.
Cisnormatividad, un compromiso dañino en el diseño de las investigaciones en salud humana
Authors: Radi Blas , Bianchini Alahí , Mastroleo Ignacio
Published: July 2022

Resumen La bibliografía especializada ha presentado objeciones éticas a la exclusión de las mujeres embarazadas en los ensayos clínicos y ha llamado a cambiar de paradigma. Aunque indudablemente se trata de una causa justa, esta iniciativa está vertebrada por una compren- sión cisnormativa del género y, por consiguiente, reproduce sus problemas. En este artículo breve desplegamos estos problemas, que incluyen el borramiento epistémico e institucional de las personas trans, aplicándonos particularmente a la investigación en salud y la clínica médica, y defendemos que las iniciativas de cambio de paradigma se verían beneficiadas si adoptaran una noción de género más robusta y empíricamente informada.
From here to there, from there to here: notes on reception of Philosophy in the Bedroom as theater of animation
Authors: Schrickte Mariliz , Choulet Philippe , Balardim Paulo
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT The article deals with the theatrical reception of the play Philosophy in the Bedroom, presented by the group Pigmalião Escultura que Mexe, from the perspective of two authors: a Brazilian actress-researcher who performed for a French public and a French philosopher-spectator who watched the Brazilian show. The Brazilian author introduces the process of creating the play and its repercussions among the public. The French author then wanders through his impressions from watching the show in Charleville-Mézières in 2015. The objective of the text is to provoke reflections by juxtaposing these two perspectives, situated in different geographical, political, and cultural terrains, on the staging of a French text by Brazilians.
Is Kasper dead? Domestication and indoctrination of Kaspertheater during National-Socialism
Authors: Alcure Adriana Schneider
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT The text presents preliminary results of research on the strategies employed in the appropriation of Kaspertheater for propaganda purposes under National-Socialism. This popular form of German puppet theater was adapted into Nazi ideological plays, and performed on various circuits, including war fronts. The article examines the relationship between art and politics in this context and discusses the ambiguities of the use of comicality linked to right-wing extremist programs, as a counterpoint to contemporary performances of Kaspertheater. It investigates the relations between popular culture and the legitimization of national identity projects, with the intention of contributing to this debate in Brazil.
Online Larval Masks: pedagogical challenges
Authors: Sachs Cláudia Müller
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT This article presents pedagogical procedures related to research work with larval masks, emphasizing the adaptations of the remote mode due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil. Based on the practical experience of an online workshop held in 2021, the study aims to examine the specifics of the language of this mask, share practical exercises, and update and disseminate this knowledge. Based on the pedagogy of Jacques Lecoq (1921–1999), historical, conceptual and technical aspects of the use of these masks are addressed.
Objeto Dócil e Objeto Propositor: um estudo sobre as qualidades do objeto e suas possibilidades no processo criativo em Artes Cênicas
Authors: Costa Rossana Della , Rossini Elcio
Published: July 2022

RESUMO O artigo elabora, identifica e enuncia duas qualidades para pensar os objetos utilizados em processos de criação em Artes Cênicas, nos quais se investigam relações corpo-objeto. Apresentam-se os objetos como dóceis ou propositores e explicitamse suas respectivas características. A metodologia recorreu à análise e seleção de obras contemporâneas, nas quais são verificáveis princípios relativos às características físicas dos materiais, bem como as abordagens efetuadas pelo corpo quando colocado em relação com o objeto. Este texto inspira-se na noção foucaultiana de deslocamento no sentido de considerar outras formas de pensar o objeto para além do chamado teatro de objetos ou do entendimento do objeto como acessório cênico. Conclui-se que o reconhecimento das qualidades enunciadas pode colaborar nas escolhas relativas aos usos do objeto nos processos de criação, incluindo a produção de objetos específicos para as Artes Cênicas.
SAFETY OF LONG-TERM PROTON PUMP INHIBITORS: FACTS AND MYTHS
Authors: CHINZON Decio , DOMINGUES Gerson , TOSETTO Nivia , PERROTTI Marcos
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT Background: Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are one of the most prescribed drugs in the world. Frequent use and long-term maintenance of these drugs drew the attention of researchers for sporadic adverse effects reports. Objective: The purpose of this narrative review is to discuss appropriate data and causality related to these adverse events and PPIs. Methods: A narrative review was conducted by systematizing information about safety and adverse events on PPIs from 2015 to 2020. A structured search on Pubmed was performed to identify systematic reviews and meta-analysis investigating the following situations: a) gastric cancer; b) micronutrients deficiency; c) acid rebound; d) infections; e) fractures; f) dementia; g) kidney disease; and h) sudden death and cardiovascular changes. Results: Recent studies have potentially associated PPIs with some adverse events as osteoporosis-related fractures. There are also reports of intestinal infections, including Clostridium difficile, besides poor vitamins absorption and minerals such as vitamin B12, magnesium, and iron. Furthermore, there are some dementia, pneumonia, kidney disease, myocardial infarction, and stroke reports. For kidney diseases, studies consistently suggest that the use of PPI may be associated with an increased risk of adverse kidney events, especially in the elderly, with long-term PPI use and pre-existing kidney disease. Another additional question is whether chronic PPI use would also lead to the onset of gastric cancer. The abrupt discontinuation of PPIs is also related to increased gastric acid production above pre-PPI treatment levels; this phenomenon is called acid rebound. Conclusion: The key to mitigate adverse effects is the rational use of PPIs at the lowest effective dose and in the shortest possible duration. Although these adverse effects have a potential clinical impact, their causal association is still subject to validation.
VERSATILITY OF POLY-4-HYDROXYBUTYRATE (PHASIX™) MESH IN ABDOMINAL WALL SURGERY
Authors: LIMA Diego L , ESTRADA Arturo , PEREIRA Xavier , ALCABES Analena , SREERAMOJU Prashanth , MALCHER Flavio
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT Background Poly-4-hydroxybutyrate (P4HB) is a naturally occurring polymer derived from transgenic E. coli bacteria with the longest degradation rate when compared to other available products. This polymer has been manufactured as a biosynthetic mesh to be used as reinforcement when repairing a variety of abdominal wall defects. Objective: We aim to describe our center initial experience with this mesh and discuss the possible indications that may benefit from the use of P4HB mesh. Methods: This is a descriptive retrospective study of patients who underwent abdominal wall repair with a P4HB mesh from October 2018 to December 2020 in a single, large volume, academic center. Results: A total of 51 patients (mean age 54.4 years, range 12-89) underwent abdominal wall reconstruction with a P4HB mesh between October 2018 and December 2020. The mean BMI was 30.5 (range 17.2-50.6). Twenty-three (45%) patients had a prior hernia repair at the site. We grouped patients into six different indications for the use of P4HB mesh in our cohort: clean-contaminated, contaminated or infected field (57%), patient refusal for permanent meshes (14%), those with high risk for post-operative infection (12%), visceral protection of second mesh (10%), recurrence with related chronic pain from mesh (6%), and children (2%). Median follow-up was 105 days (range 8-648). Two patients had hernia recurrence (4%) and 8 (16%) patients developed seroma. Conclusion: P4HB mesh is a safe and a viable alternative for complex hernias and high-risk patients with a low complication rate in the short-term.