bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aspectos históricos, evolutivos e paleobiológicos dos titanossauros
Authors: Silva Junior Julian Cristian Gonçalves da
Published: June 2022

Os titanossauros representam o grupo com o maior número de espécies conhecidas entre os saurópodes e também o grupo de dinossauros mais diverso do Cretáceo brasileiro. A grande diversidade atingida pelos titanossauros se deve a diversas adaptações e estratégias evolutivas. Nesta revisão, serão abordadas informações a respeito da história, evolução e também sobre a paleobiologia destes animais congregando as pesquisas mais atuais e relevantes, a fim de fornecer uma base para futuros estudos.
Left-Sided Degenerative Valvular Heart Disease in Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Rawshani Araz , Sattar Naveed , McGuire Darren K. , Wallström Oskar , Smith Ulf , Borén Jan , Bergström Göran , Omerovic Elmir , Rosengren Annika , Eliasson Björn , Bhatt Deepak L. , Rawshani Aidin
Published: June 2022

Background:

The role of diabetes in the development of valvular heart disease, and, in particular, the relation with risk factor control, has not been extensively studied.

Methods:

We included 715 143 patients with diabetes registered in the Swedish National Diabetes Register and compared them with 2 732 333 matched controls randomly selected from the general population. First, trends were analyzed with incidence rates and Cox regression, which was also used to assess diabetes as a risk factor compared with controls, and, second, separately in patients with diabetes according to the presence of 5 risk factors.

Results:

The incidence of valvular outcomes is increasing among patients with diabetes and the general population. In type 2 diabetes, systolic blood pressure, body mass index, and renal function were associated with valvular lesions. Hazard ratios for patients with type 2 diabetes who had nearly all risk factors within target ranges, compared with controls, were as follows: aortic stenosis 1.34 (95% CI, 1.31–1.38), aortic regurgitation 0.67 (95% CI, 0.64–0.70), mitral stenosis 1.95 (95% CI, 1.76–2.20), and mitral regurgitation 0.82 (95% CI, 0.79–0.85). Hazard ratios for patients with type 1 diabetes and nearly optimal risk factor control were as follows: aortic stenosis 2.01 (95% CI, 1.58–2.56), aortic regurgitation 0.63 (95% CI, 0.43–0.94), and mitral stenosis 3.47 (95% CI, 1.37–8.84). Excess risk in patients with type 2 diabetes for stenotic lesions showed hazard ratios for aortic stenosis 1.62 (95% CI, 1.59–1.65), mitral stenosis 2.28 (95% CI, 2.08–2.50), and excess risk in patients with type 1 diabetes showed hazard ratios of 2.59 (95% CI, 2.21–3.05) and 11.43 (95% CI, 6.18–21.15), respectively. Risk for aortic and mitral regurgitation was lower in type 2 diabetes: 0.81 (95% CI, 0.78–0.84) and 0.95 (95% CI, 0.92–0.98), respectively.

Conclusions:

Individuals with type 1 and 2 diabetes have greater risk for stenotic lesions, whereas risk for valvular regurgitation was lower in patients with type 2 diabetes. Patients with well-controlled cardiovascular risk factors continued to display higher risk for valvular stenosis, without a clear stepwise decrease in risk between various degrees of risk factor control.
How to interpret algorithmically constructed topical structures of scientific fields? A case study of citation-based mappings of the research specialty of invasion biology
Authors: Held Matthias , Velden Theresa
Published: June 2022

Often, bibliometric mapping studies remain at a very abstract level when assessing the validity or accuracy of the generated maps. In this case study of citation-based mappings of a research specialty, we dig deeper into the topical structures generated by the chosen mapping approaches and examine their correspondence to a sociologically informed understanding of the research specialty in question. Starting from a lexically delineated bibliometric field data set, we create an internal map of invasion biology by clustering the direct citation network with the Leiden algorithm. We obtain a topic structure that seems largely ordered by the empirical objects studied (species and habitat). To complement this view, we generate an external map of invasion biology by projecting the field data set onto the global Centre for Science and Technology Studies (CWTS) field classification. To better understand the representation of invasion biology by this global map, we use a manually coded set of invasion biological publications and investigate their citation-based interlinking with the fields defined by the global field classification. Our analysis highlights the variety of types of topical relatedness and epistemic interdependency that citations can stand for. Unless we assume that invasion biology is unique in this regard, our analysis suggests that global algorithmic field classification approaches that use citation links indiscriminately may struggle to reconstruct research specialties.
Towards theorizing peer review
Authors: Hug Sven E.
Published: June 2022

Academic peer review is seriously undertheorized because peer review studies focus on discovering and confirming phenomena, such as biases, and are much less concerned with explaining, predicting, or controlling phenomena on a theoretical basis. In this paper, I therefore advocate for more theorizing in research on peer review. I first describe the main characteristics of the peer review literature, which focuses mainly on journal and grant peer review. Based on these characteristics, I then argue why theory is useful in research on peer review, and I present some theoretical efforts on peer review. I conclude by encouraging peer review researchers to be more theoretically engaged and outline activities that theoretical work on peer review could involve. This invitation to theory-building complements recent roadmaps and calls that have emphasized that we need to have better access to peer review data, improve research design and statistical analysis in peer review studies, experiment with innovative approaches to peer review, and provide more funding for peer review research.
A case of male filicide in farmed European fallow deer (Dama dama)
Authors: Repnik Anja , Skok Janko
Published: June 2022

Male infanticide is a widespread phenomenon in mammals and is usually directed against non-filial infants. In cervids, reports on male infanticide remain very rare. This article reports a case of male filicide (filial infanticide) in farmed European fallow deer (Dama dama). The conflict between the buck and his male offspring took place at the feeding station during the rut and was recorded on camera. Several times (about 7) a fawn entered the feeding station but was repeatedly chased away by the buck. On the last occasion, the buck struck/stabbed the fawn with his antlers. Post-mortem examination revealed penetrating abdominal trauma with gastrointestinal perforation. This is the first record of male infanticide in fallow deer, although it differs from other cases in cervids where the attacks were clearly intentional. Therefore, we cannot provide a firm explanation, although it was likely a non-adaptive/pathological behaviour under the specific (unnatural) circumstances.
Morphology and mating behaviour in the millipede Megaphyllum unilineatum (C.L. Koch, 1838) (Myriapoda, Diplopoda, Julida) under laboratory conditions
Authors: Vujić Vukica , Milovanović Jelena , Jovanović Zvezdana , Dudić Boris , Makarov Slobodan , Pavković-Lučić Sofija , Ilić Bojan
Published: June 2022

Although morphological variation may have an effect on behaviour, there are only a few studies on julid millipedes in which the influence of the variability of some morphological traits on mating success has been explored. Hence, objectives of this study were to investigate mating behaviour in laboratory conditions and identify traits that could possibly be the target of pre-copulatory selection in the julid species Megaphyllum unilineatum. Behavioural sequences were quantified in three types of tests: a mating arena test, a female choice test, and a male choice test. Although the number of contacts with the first chosen partner (from the mating arena test) was greater than with newly offered individuals in choice tests, values of the sexual selection coefficient did not statistically confirm this preference. In addition, analyses of linear measurements (trunk height and width, length of the whole body, antennae, walking legs, and gonopod flagella) in individuals of different mating status were also conducted, as well as geometric morphometric analyses of size and shape of the antennae, heads, walking legs, and gonopod promeres and opisthomeres in such individuals. Antennal length and shape, head shape, and the walking legs shape, differed significantly, depending on the mating status of females. In males of different mating status, statistical significance was established only in the promere centroid size. The differences in certain behavioural sequences in M. unilineatum are similar to those previously reported in M. bosniense, while such similarity is not detected with respect to morphological variation in the mentioned species.
Bone Tool Proxy Evidence for Coiled Basketry Production in the North African Palaeolithic
Authors: Desmond Abigail
Published: June 2022

Bone tools from Taforalt Cave constitute the largest North African Later Stone Age (LSA) bone tool technocomplex recovered to-date. Use-trace analyses show that the small, pointed forms which dominate the assemblage show microtopographic patterning consistent with ethnographic bone tools used to make coiled basketry. The presence of coiled basketry likely scaffolded emergent cultural forms reflected in increased sedentism, resource intensification, and greater population density at Taforalt. This study explores the relationship between coiled basketry and archaeologically co-occurring technologies. Ethnographic analogies derived from Indigenous Californian groups provide a model for how resource-specific collection, processing, storage, and preparation requirements may have been supported technologically.
Taxonomy of the Mexican species of Belonuchus Nordmann (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae)
Authors: MÁRQUEZ JUAN , ASIAIN JULIETA
Published: June 2022

Belonuchus is a diverse genus in the subtribe Philonthina (subfamily Staphylininae, tribe Staphylinini), with some of its species being frequently collected. For the majority of the Mexican species of Belonuchus, little or no taxonomic information has been reported after their original description. For this reason, the Mexican species of Belonuchus were taxonomically revised based on the study of specimens deposited in several Mexican and international collections. We propose eight species groups to accommodate the Mexican species, five of them supported by one unique diagnostic character. Keys to species groups and species in each group, together with photos and drawings of diagnostic structures, are included. Redescriptions of the 29 known species, descriptions of 16 new species, with information about intraspecific variation in terms of secondary sexual dimorphism and size, two new country records (Mexico and Guatemala) and 26 new state records are also included. We propose B. xanthopus Solsky, 1868 and B. celatus (Sharp, 1885) as new synonyms of B. connexus (Say, 1830); B. iteratus (Sharp, 1887) as a new synonym of B. xanthomelas Solsky, 1868; B. latecinctus (Sharp, 1885) as a new synonym of B. iridescens Solsky, 1868; and B. mexicanus Solsky, 1864 as a new synonym of B. viridipennis Baudi di Selve, 1848. Lectotypes were designated for: Belonuchus cariniventris Bernhauer, 1918; Philonthus trochanterinus Sharp, 1885; Philonthus zunilensis Sharp, 1885; Belonuchus jalappensis Bernhauer, 1917; Philonthus iteratus Sharp, 1887; Belonuchus nigerrimus Bernhauer, 1918; and Belonuchus pectinipes Bernhauer, 1910. The Mexican species of Belonuchus are mostly recorded from cloud forest (60%), oak forest (51.1%) and oak-pine forest (46.6%).
Salinity Mixing and Diahaline Exchange Flow in a Large Multi-Outlet Estuary with Islands
Authors: Li Xiangyu , Lorenz Marvin , Klingbeil Knut , Chrysagi Evridiki , Gräwe Ulf , Wu Jiaxue , Burchard Hans
Published: June 2022

The relationship between the salinity mixing, the diffusive salt transport, and the diahaline exchange flow is examined using salinity coordinates. The diahaline inflow and outflow volume transports are defined in this study as the integral of positive and negative values of the diahaline velocity. A numerical model of the Pearl River Estuary (PRE) shows that this diahaline exchange flow is analogous to the classical concept of estuarine exchange flow with inflow in the bottom layers and outflow at the surface. The inflow and outflow magnitudes increase with salinity, while the net transport equals the freshwater discharge Qr after sufficiently long temporal averaging. In summer, intensified salinity mixing mainly occurs in the surface layers and around the islands. The patchy distribution of intensified diahaline velocity suggests that the water exchange through an isohaline surface can be highly variable in space. In winter, the zones of intensification of salinity mixing occur mainly in deep channels. Apart from the impact of freshwater transport from rivers, the transient mixing is also controlled by an unsteadiness term due to estuarine storage of salt and water volume. In the PRE, the salinity mixing and exchange flow show substantial spring–neap variation, while the universal law of estuarine mixing m = 2SQr (with m being the sum of physical and numerical mixing per salinity class S) holds over longer averaging period (spring–neap cycle). The correlation between the patterns of surface mixing, the vorticity, and the salinity gradients indicates a substantial influence of islands on estuarine mixing in the PRE.
«Accetto, ma vorrei nascere a caso». Alcune considerazioni su Procacciatori d'affari
Authors: Agovino Teresa
Published: June 2022

Procacciatori d'affari è un breve racconto contenuto all'interno della raccolta Vizio di forma. Il racconto è incentrato sul tema della condizione prenatale e dell'analisi dei pro e i contro della vita sulla Terra, cui il protagonista S. deciderà infine di aderire senza vantaggio alcuno nascendo, appunto, del tutto casualmente. Vi si aggiunge, così, anche l'atavica riflessione sul tema del libero arbitrio. Scopo di questo intervento è la ricerca dei modelli culturali e letterari di un racconto, finora poco analizzato dalla critica contemporanea, sviluppata anche attraverso l'analisi dei modelli archetipici legati allo stadio prenatale, svolta in primis ad un livello antropologico e filosofico che rinvia alla cultura ebraica delle origini, per poi concentrarsi, naturalmente, sul modello letterario che si può far risalire indietro fino a Virgilio (Eneide, VI, 883 «Tu Marcellus eris») attraversando al contempo anche il Prometeo di leopardiana memoria.
Living Together through the Asylum Process: Affective Proximity in Home Accommodation of Asylum Seekers
Authors: Merikoski Paula
Published: June 2022

This article examines the home accommodation of asylum seekers in Finland from the perspective of hosts’ affective experiences of living through the asylum process from proximity. This study contributes to the research on the affective dimension of pro-asylum solidarity beyond the framework of compassion. Instead of being observers of distant suffering, hosts are personally affected by the asylum seekers’ past involving war and conflict and their present struggle for asylum, which are inseparably intertwined. As a result, the hosts’ homes and domestic lives are transformed. The boundaries between home and faraway events blur when daily life includes technology-mediated connections to war. Affective proximity to asylum struggles may cause an emotional burden for hosts, which can also be politicising. Living together often leads to a shared mission of fighting for the right to remain and increased awareness of the political question of asylum.
Belief in Science and Beliefs about COVID-19: Educational Gradients
Authors: Qian Yue , Xie Yu , Jin Yongai
Published: June 2022

Prior research has attributed the socio-economic disparity in COVID-19 infections to differences in degrees of exposure or economic resources. This study proposes beliefs about COVID-19 as a potential additional explanation. We conducted a nationally representative US survey with six measures of COVID-19 beliefs. Socio-economic status was measured through educational level. Compared with less-educated respondents, highly educated respondents treat COVID-19 more seriously, including believing in (1) face mask use, (2) asymptomatic transmission, (3) media non-exaggeration, (4) the necessity of stay-at-home orders, (5) a likelihood of themselves being infected with COVID-19 and (6) no protection of God against COVID-19. The educational gradient in COVID-19 beliefs was largely explained by differential levels of belief in science across education. Our findings suggest that encouraging public trust in science can potentially reduce the educational gradient in COVID-19 infections in the USA.
Optimization of the preparation process of electrostatic-solution blow spinning nanofiber yarn using response surface methodology
Authors: Shi Lei , Wang Yun , Zhang Yi , Zhuang Xupin , Liu Hao , Hu Yanli
Published: June 2022

There are several methods of preparing nanofiber yarns, but little work has been reported using a combination of electrospinning and solution blowing methods (i.e., electrostatic-solution blow spinning) to prepare nanofiber yarns. In this study, a response surface method (RSM) based on Box–Behnken design was used to investigate the relationship between the yarn parameters and yarn diameter, and the process was optimized. The yarn diameter was simulated by electrostatic voltage, air pressure, winding speed and funnel velocity. The correlation coefficients before and after adjustment were 0.97 and 0.95, respectively, through variance analysis, which verified the accuracy of the yarn diameter model. The results showed that the influence of each experimental factor on the yarn diameter was in descending order of winding speed, electrostatic voltage, airflow and funnel velocity, and there were interactions among the factors. The BDD response model was used to obtain the best experimental conditions, which provided a good theoretical reference for the preparation of polyacrylonitrile nanofibers. In addition, the effects of voltage and air pressure on the diameter of the nanofiber and yarn and the effects of the twist coefficient on the shape and mechanical properties of the yarn were studied. The results showed that with the increase of voltage and air pressure, the diameter of the nanofiber decreased, and the yarn diameter decreased first and then increased. When the twist factor was 100, the twist angle of the yarn was 49.91°, the breaking strength was 12.92 MPa and the elongation at break was 81.34%.
What Affects Perceived Health Risk Attitude During the Pandemic: Evidence From Migration and Dining Behavior in China
Authors: Chen Xiaoguang , Clark William A.V. , Shi Jingye , Xu Bing
Published: June 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic changed behaviors, at least temporarily, and possibly more permanently, with implications for both work and leisure activities. Some of those behavioral changes, such as dining in restaurants, have significant ripple effects on businesses and employment. We investigate the response to health risks in China with a study of decisions about eating out during the pandemic. We find that compared to a traditional measure of financial risk attitude, dining out behavior better captures individuals’ attitude toward the health risk posed by the pandemic and is more significant in predicting their expected total consumption during the recovery phase of the pandemic. In addition, we find that the effect of domestic in-migration is positive with respect to dining out, a signifier of confidence in the government response to the safety of internal flows. In contrast, international migration and port city of entry status are strongly negative with respect to dining out. The risk from the virus is perceived to be much stronger in such contexts. From a policy perspective establishing border controls was critical in re-creating a robust economy. Additional city and household level characteristics that affect dining-out behavior are also identified.
Radiographic outcomes of the treatment of complex femoral shaft fractures (AO/OTA 32-C) with intramedullary nailing: a retrospective analysis of different techniques
Authors: Chen Yu-Hung , Liao Hsiu-Jung , Lin Shang Ming , Chang Chih-Hung , Rwei Syang-Peng , Lan Tsung-Yu
Published: June 2022

Objectives

To assess the results of open versus closed reduction in intramedullary nailing (IMN) for complex femoral fractures (Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Osteosynthesefragen Foundation/Orthopaedic Trauma Association [AO/OTA]: 32-C) and to determine the factors involved in bone healing.

Methods

This retrospective study involved 47 consecutive patients with complex femoral diaphyseal fractures who underwent reduction and fixation.

Results

All open-reduction and 12 closed-reduction patients (52.17%) had an anatomical-to-small gap. The closed-small group had the highest bone union rate (100%), followed by the open-reduction (79.17%) and closed-large groups (72.73%); intergroup differences were significant. The closed-small group had the shortest mean union time (7.31 months), followed by the open-reduction group (7.58 months). The closed-large group had a significantly longer union time (9.75 months) than those in the closed-small and open-reduction groups. Femoral radiographic union scores in the closed-small and open-reduction groups were similar at three timepoints; scores were higher than those in the closed-large group, with a significant difference 6 and 9 months post-operatively.

Conclusion

IMN with closed reduction for complex femoral shaft fractures had better outcomes and fewer complications versus open reduction. For unsatisfactory closed reduction outcomes (i.e., residual gap >10 mm), minimally invasive techniques or open reduction with minimal stripping should be considered.
Honor in the Cult: Leviticus 10 in Socio-Rhetorical Perspective
Authors: Heyd Andrew
Published: June 2022

Walter Houston’s article on the death of Nadab and Abihu is one of the few attempts to bring a social science model of honor and shame to bear on the Pentateuch. This article will argue that he did not go far enough in tracing how honor and shame bring coherence, not just to the Nadab and Abihu incident but also to all of Lev. 10. In particular, honor also explains the speeches of Yhwh and Aaron, the transition from the prohibition of mourning to Aaron’s grant of interpretive authority, and the overall narrative tension and resolution of the chapter’s narrative. This article will briefly review and critique Houston’s article and then argue that Lev. 10 contains a rhetoric of honor that coordinates relationships between Yhwh, priests, and people in a way that brings greater coherence to the chapter as a whole.
Use of point-of-care ultrasound in the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary oedema in an infant
Authors: Lo Carl Y , Le Sang N , Nguyen Catherine H , Seshachellam Vishwas , Kim Eugene
Published: June 2022

This case demonstrates the value of perioperative point-of-care ultrasound for rapid bedside evaluation and treatment of pulmonary oedema in an infant. A nine-week-old male infant undergoing cleft lip repair received significant intravenous fluid resuscitation for intraoperative hypotension. After uneventful extubation, he developed increased work of breathing and a gradual decline in oxygen saturation despite supplemental oxygen by way of a facemask. Lung point-of-care ultrasound revealed confluent B-lines in multiple lung fields, consistent with pulmonary oedema, likely from fluid overload. He was treated with furosemide resulting in clinical improvement within 30 minutes.
Impact of COVID-19 on Texas Rural Transit Districts with Emphasis on their Older Adult Riders
Authors: Dinhobl Mark , Fasanando Sarah , Dudensing Rebekka , Mjelde James
Published: June 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic presented rural transit districts (RTDs) challenges in providing services to riders, but also led to opportunities. This study’s objectives are to gain insight on the effect of COVID-19 on older adult RTD ridership, and gain an understanding of how RTDs were affected by and are adapting to the health crisis. Leaders from 30 of the 36 Texas RTDs completed an online questionnaire with 26 agreeing to participate in a semi-structured interview concerning the impact of COVID-19 on their district. Few differences are found between the responses of RTDs. RTDs followed recommended guidelines and implemented heightened cleaning standards that most leaders felt will likely remain in place for the future. Main information sources for responding to the pandemic were local health officials, the Center for Disease Control and Prevention, and other transit districts. Most RTDs projected a financial loss because of the pandemic but received additional funding to help cope with the pandemic. RTDs believe their older adults may be suffering from social isolation but older adults are appreciative of their efforts. Many RTDs developed contactless payment methods, although they were divided on the future role of new technologies. Incorporating RTDs into disaster and pandemic planning increases rural areas’ resiliency and ability to respond to disasters and pandemics lessening the effect of these events on rural populations and communities.
Pharmaceuticalization to Opioid Pharmacovigilance: A Qualitative Investigation of the Impact of Opioid-related Policy Changes and the Perspectives of Residents and Chronic Non-cancer Pain Patients
Authors: Simoni Zachary , Day Philip , Schneider David , Strenth Chance , Kale Neelima
Published: June 2022

As a result of the pharmaceuticalization of chronic pain over the past three decades, opioid therapy became a common form of treatment for chronic pain patients. However, the overprescribing of opioids led to the opioid overdose epidemic in the United States. In response, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention implemented guidelines reducing the number of opioid prescriptions—better known as opioid pharmacovigilance. Little is known about the sociocultural challenges during the transition to opioid pharmacovigilance for the resident/patient relationship. Using a thematic analysis, we analyzed 20 semi-structured interviews of residents and chronic non-cancer pain (CNCP) patients in a family medicine residency practice. Findings suggest that due to the pharmaceuticalization of CNCP and the transition to opioid pharmacovigilance, residents develop a wariness to prescribe opioids, which leads to prejudice against patients. Patients report constrained care and a lack of alternative treatments for chronic pain, which inevitably leads to duplicitous behavior.
Between Frustration and Invigoration: Women Talking about Digital Technology at Work
Authors: Mosseri Sarah , Vromen Ariadne , Cooper Rae , Hill Elizabeth
Published: June 2022

This study addresses the dearth of gender analysis within debates about technological innovation and workplace change. Qualitative analysis of 12 focus groups conducted with women in ‘frontline’ and ‘professional’ roles discussing their use and engagement with digital technologies at work reveals contrasting narratives of ‘digital frustration’ and ‘digital invigoration’. To explain these distinct narratives, we synthesise insights from science and technology studies with findings from scholarship on gendered work and labour market inequality to show that these differences are not driven solely by a technology’s form or the degree of automation it ostensibly represents. Instead, women’s narratives reflect an interplay between technological design, employment context and workers’ own voice and agency. These findings challenge assumptions about the totalising and transformative power of work-related technologies, redirecting attention to how social and political contestations over digital technologies inform worker experiences and shape the future of work.
Energy management strategy for hydraulic hybrid system with compound accumulator based on dynamic programming
Authors: Tang Xianzhi , Xie Yufei , Wang Bo , Shi Longfei , Wu Xinrong
Published: June 2022

The compound accumulator is an energy storage device composed of one large accumulator and one small accumulator. Compared with traditional single-accumulator hydraulic hybrid vehicles, hydraulic hybrid vehicles based on compound accumulator can switch the working timing of large and small accumulators according to the characteristics of different working conditions, more braking energy can be recovered on the premise of providing enough braking strength. This article is aimed at hydraulic hybrid vehicles based on compound accumulator. First, the key components of the hydraulic system were matched, then according to the engine fuel consumption curve, the engine’s high-efficiency work area is divided, and formulated a rule-based energy management strategy based on the principle of adjusting the engine to work in a high-efficiency area. The internal pressure of the compound accumulator is selected as the state variable, the ratio of the torque of the hydraulic pump/motor to the required torque of the vehicle is the control variable, and the optimal fuel economy of the entire cycle is the objective function, and the mathematical model is established using the dynamic programming algorithm, and compiled a program in MATLAB to obtain the optimal torque distribution relationship between the engine and the hydraulic pump/motor and the optimal working timing of the large and small accumulators. Simulation results show that compared with the traditional hydraulic hybrid vehicle with single accumulator based on initial rules and the hydraulic hybrid vehicle with compound accumulator based on initial rules, the hybrid vehicle with compound accumulator based on improved rules can save fuel by 11.84[Formula: see text] and 5.96[Formula: see text] respectively. The fuel saving potential of the compound accumulator structure and the effectiveness of the improved rule control strategy based on dynamic programming algorithm are verified.
Doublecortin immunolabeling and lack of neuronal nuclear protein immunolabeling in feline gliomas
Authors: Elbert Jessica A. , Rissi Daniel R.
Published: June 2022

Doublecortin (DCX) and neuronal nuclear protein (NeuN) can be used as immunomarkers of neuronal progenitor cells and mature neurons, respectively. Increased DCX immunolabeling has been associated with tumor invasion in human gliomas and anaplastic canine meningiomas. These immunomarkers have not been assessed in feline gliomas. Here we characterized the DCX and NeuN immunohistochemistry (IHC) profile in 11 feline gliomas (7 oligodendrogliomas, 4 astrocytomas). Immunolabeling was classified according to intensity (weak, moderate, strong), distribution of neoplastic cell immunolabeling (1 = <30%, 2 = 30–70%, 3 = >70%), and predominant location within the neoplasm (random or at tumor margins). DCX immunolabeling was strong in 6 cases, weak in 4 cases, and moderate in 1 case. The distribution of DCX immunolabeling was characterized as 1 (4 cases), 2 (4 cases), and 3 (3 cases). DCX immunolabeling occurred predominantly in astrocytomas, which had stronger immunostaining at the tumor margins. NeuN immunolabeling was absent in all cases. Our IHC findings are similar to those reported for DCX and NeuN IHC in canine gliomas. The increased DCX immunolabeling at tumor margins is similar to labeling in invasive human gliomas and anaplastic canine meningiomas.
“Your Body Is Not At All Where You Left It”: Adolescent and Young Adult Cancer Survivors’ Experiences Transitioning Back Into Physical Activity After Treatment
Authors: Vani Madison F. , Sabiston Catherine M. , Santa Mina Daniel , Trinh Linda
Published: June 2022

Physical activity (PA) can help manage cancer treatment-related side effects and improve well-being following treatment; however, resuming PA after a period of inactivity due to cancer can be challenging. The purpose of this study was to explore adolescents and young adults (AYAs) experiences transitioning back into PA after a period of inactivity due to cancer treatment. Twelve previously active AYAs ( Mage = 30 ± 5.8 years) were purposefully sampled and engaged in a semi-structured interview. The following four themes were generated through a reflexive thematic analysis: PA is described as important and valuable; navigating one’s appearance and fitness changes after cancer treatment within the PA context; supportive care is essential to successful PA transitions; and juxtaposed environments: fitness facilities, cities, and green spaces. Developing strategies aimed at gradually transitioning into PA should be a priority to improve AYAs’ well-being through survivorship.
Bone Tissue Engineering Strategies for Alveolar Cleft: Review of Preclinical Results and Guidelines for Future Studies
Authors: Park Jenn J. , Rochlin Danielle H. , Parsaei Yassmin , Shetye Pradip R. , Witek Lukasz , Leucht Philipp , Rabbani Piul S. , Flores Roberto L.
Published: June 2022

The current standard of care for an alveolar cleft defect is an autogenous bone graft, typically from the iliac crest. Given the limitations of alveolar bone graft surgery, such as limited supply, donor site morbidity, graft failure, and need for secondary surgery, there has been growing interest in regenerative medicine strategies to supplement and replace traditional alveolar bone grafts. Though there have been preliminary clinical studies investigating bone tissue engineering methods in human subjects, lack of consistent results as well as limitations in study design make it difficult to determine the efficacy of these interventions. As the field of bone tissue engineering is rapidly advancing, reconstructive surgeons should be aware of the preclinical studies informing these regenerative strategies. We review preclinical studies investigating bone tissue engineering strategies in large animal maxillary or mandibular defects and provide an overview of scaffolds, stem cells, and osteogenic agents applicable to tissue engineering of the alveolar cleft. An electronic search conducted in the PubMed database up to December 2021 resulted in 35 studies for inclusion in our review. Most studies showed increased bone growth with a tissue engineering construct compared to negative control. However, heterogeneity in the length of follow up, method of bone growth analysis, and inconsistent use of positive control groups make comparisons across studies difficult. Future studies should incorporate a pediatric study model specific to alveolar cleft with long-term follow up to fully characterize volumetric defect filling, cellular ingrowth, bone strength, tooth movement, and implant support.
An Integrative Review of College Readiness Programs for Black High School Students; Opportunities for School Nurse Involvement
Authors: Reed Monique , Castillo Isabella , Georgia Benjamin W , Glass Hannah L. , Ryan Dallas , Cygan Heide R.
Published: June 2022

Education is associated with improved health outcomes. However, fewer non-Hispanic Black Americans earn high school diplomas, baccalaureate, or advanced degrees than White Americans, placing them at higher risk for poor health outcomes. Racial disparities in education have been linked to social injustice and structural racism. Through the Framework for the 21st Century School Nursing PracticeTM, school nurses can impact academic success and college readiness for Black youth. An integrative review of the literature was conducted to describe programs to promote college readiness for Black high school students and evaluate school nurse involvement. Findings of the eighteen unique studies included in this review were: programs included mostly female participants, and most yielded improvements in students' non-cognitive skills (i.e. sense of belonging/confidence) and college knowledge. None of the programs included school nurse involvement. School nurses can advocate for anti-racist college readiness programs with intentional, asset-based approaches to position youth for success in college.
CZecking heart failure in patients with advanced chronic kidney disease (Czech HF-CKD): Study protocol
Authors: Malik Jan , Valerianova Anna , Pesickova Satu Sinikka , Hruskova Zdenka , Bednarova Vladimira , Michalek Pavel , Polakovic Vladimir , Tesar Vladimir
Published: June 2022

Background:

Heart failure (HF) is a frequent cause of morbidity and mortality of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) patients on hemodialysis. It is not easy to distinguish HF from water overload. The traditional HF definition has low sensitivity and specificity in this population. Moreover, many patients on hemodialysis have exercise limitations unrelated to HF. Therefore, we postulated two new HF definitions ((1) Modified definition of the Acute Dialysis Quality Improvement working group; (2) Hemodynamic definition based on the calculation of the effective cardiac output). We hypothesize that the newer definitions will better identify patients with higher number of endpoints and with more advanced structural heart disease.

Methods:

Cohort, observational, longitudinal study with recording predefined endpoints. Patients ( n = 300) treated by hemodialysis in six collaborating centers will be examined centrally in a tertiary cardiovascular center every 6–12 months lifelong or till kidney transplantation by detailed expert echocardiography with the calculation of cardiac output, arteriovenous dialysis fistula flow volume calculation, bio-impedance, and basic laboratory analysis including NTproBNP. Effective cardiac output will be measured as the difference between measured total cardiac output and arteriovenous fistula flow volume and systemic vascular resistance will be also assessed non-invasively. In case of water overload during examination, dry weight adjustment will be recommended, and the patient invited for another examination within 6 weeks. A composite major endpoint will consist of (1) Cardiovascular death; (2) HF worsening/new diagnosis of; (3) Non-fatal myocardial infarction or stroke. The two newer HF definitions will be compared with the traditional one in terms of time to major endpoint analysis.

Discussion:

This trial will differ from others by: (1) detailed repeated hemodynamic assessment including arteriovenous access flow and (2) by careful assessment of adequate hydration to avoid confusion between HF and water overload.
United we stand? Perceived loyalty of dual nationals, multiracial people, and dual state residents
Authors: Fine Rachel D. , Kteily Nour S. , Chen Jacqueline M. , Roberts Steven O. , Ho Arnold K.
Published: June 2022

As multiracial children of foreign-born parents, Kamala Harris and Barack Obama embody diversity in politics for many perceivers. Yet some have also questioned their loyalty to their respective groups. We explored perceptions of dual group members’ (DGM; dual nationals, multiracial people, and dual state residents) loyalty among first-party (those who share a group membership with a DGM target) and third-party perceivers (those who do not). Studies 1a–2b showed that first- and third-party perceivers rated DGMs as less loyal than their single group member (SGM) counterparts. However, only first- (Studies 2a–2b) but not third-party (Studies 1a–1b) perceivers preferred SGMs to DGMs for loyalty-dependent roles. Study 3 revealed that perceivers who were higher in patriotism supported DGMs for loyalty-dependent roles less when they were first- (vs. third) party observers. These studies suggest that perceivers readily intuit that DGMs are less loyal than SGMs and, under some conditions, this may lead to discrimination.
Canadian Northern and Indigenous health policy responses to the first wave of COVID-19
Authors: Fleury Katherine , Chatwood Susan
Published: June 2022

Aims: This study aimed to compare COVID-19 health policy and programme responses in 16 Northern and Indigenous regions in Canada. The goal was to summarise strategies used to mitigate the initial spread of the pandemic while highlighting aspects that reflect Indigenous values. Methods: A scoping review of grey literature was completed, focusing on territorial, regional health authority, and community level websites. Further media analysis was conducted to reach saturation regarding policy changes and programmes implemented to prevent transmission, improve health communication, access testing, provide health services effectively, secure borders, and provide financial assistance. Common responses were mapped on the Women’s College Hospital’s Wholistic Framework for Safe Wellness to identify aspects that reflected Indigenous values. This framework utilises the medicine wheel to discuss physical health (body), ceremony (spirit), community health (heart), and assessment (mind). Results: The Women’s College Hospital’s Wholistic Framework for Safe Wellness quadrants of the body, spirit and heart were covered by most regions via health communication efforts, adaptations to traditional practices, and continuation of care during the pandemic, respectively. It was found that 13 regions had pandemic responses adapted for Indigenous populations. Conclusions: The responses in each Northern region show that protecting each community was a priority; however, policies and programmes were developed as a kaleidoscope of what can be done quickly and evaluated later. Assessment, risk, and prevention, covered by the mind quadrant of the Women’s College Hospital’s Wholistic Framework for Safe Wellness, were missing in initial emergency responses. Increasing capacity for emergency management in Northern and Indigenous regions will require contingency planning that acknowledges and builds off traditional knowledge.
The impact of social media visual features on acceptance of meat substitute
Authors: Septianto Felix , Kemper Joya A , Quang Huy P , Li Shuge , Kwon Junbum
Published: June 2022

There is a growing demand for meat substitutes among consumers, given that excessive meat consumption is associated with negative consequences for personal health and the environment. However, the market shares of such meat substitutes remain low, thus highlighting the need to further investigate how to increase consumer acceptance of meat substitutes. The present research investigates social media data of plant-based meat brands and explores how visual features could lead to a high number of likes, which is a numerical representation of social acceptance. The findings of this research show that social media posts with warm color, vertical symmetry, and horizontal symmetry receive a higher number of likes. Further, there is a joint effect between warm color and vertical symmetry, such that vertical symmetry would strengthen the positive effect of warm color on the number of likes. These findings offer a more nuanced understanding of how to increase consumer acceptance of meat substitutes and how to promote plant-based meat brands in social media.
Between virtue and profession: Theorising the rise of professionalised public participation practitioners
Authors: Barry Janice , Legacy Crystal
Published: June 2022

Participatory planning practice is changing in response to the rise of specially trained public participation practitioners who intersect with but are also distinct from planners. These practitioners are increasingly being professionalised through new standards of competence defined by their industry bodies. The implications of this are not well accounted for in empirical studies of participatory planning, nor in the theoretical literature that seeks to understand both the potential and problems of more deliberative approaches to urban decision-making. In this paper, we revisit the sociological literature on the professions and use it to critically interrogate an observed tension between the ‘virtues’ of public participation (justice, equity and democracy) and efforts to consolidate public participation practice into a distinct profession that interacts with but also sits outside of professional planning.
Internet addiction patterns of rural Chinese adolescents: Longitudinal predictive effects on depressive symptoms and problem behaviors
Authors: Sun Yadong , Shao JingJin , Li Jiamei , Jiang Yue
Published: June 2022

Few studies have systematically investigated the internal heterogeneity of internet addiction to determine the longitudinal predictive effects on depressive symptoms and problem behaviors, especially among the rural adolescents. Via two waves of data collection, this study conducted a survey among 1,194 rural adolescents in China ( Mage  =  14.53, SD  =  0.72). A latent profile analysis was conducted to explore the various patterns of behaviors and influential factors of internet addiction. These results were then used to predict the probability of depressive symptoms and problem behaviors. The findings are as follows: (1) According to the behavioral patterns uncovered, internet addiction among rural adolescents can be divided into four subgroups: normal internet use (41%), low internet addiction (39%), high internet addiction (9%), and overuse of online games (11%). (2) The distribution of internet addiction patterns among rural adolescents were significantly correlated with gender, deviant peer affiliation, and parental alienation. (3) Adolescents in the high internet addiction and overuse of online game categories generally had more depressive symptoms and problem behaviors than those in the normal-use category. These findings indicate considerable heterogeneity in internet addiction among rural adolescents in China. Specifically, gender, deviant peer affiliation, and parental alienation are the risk factors for the internet-addiction profiles.
Cancer Survivors, Oncology, and Primary Care Perspectives on Survivorship Care: An Integrative Review
Authors: Love Madeleine , Debay Marc , Hudley Anne Charity , Sorsby Todd , Lucero Linda , Miller Stuart , Sampath Sagus , Amini Arya , Raz Dan , Kim Jae , Pathak Ranjan , Chen Yi-Jen , Kaiser Andreas , Melstrom Kurt , Fakih Marwan , Sun Virginia
Published: June 2022

Purpose:

Evidence-based models of cancer survivorship care are lacking. Such models should take into account the perspectives of all stakeholders. The purpose of this integrative review is to examine the current state of the literature on cancer survivorship care from the cancer survivor, the oncology care team, and the primary care team perspectives.

Methods:

Using defined inclusion and exclusion criteria, we conducted a literature search of PubMed, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and Scopus databases to identify relevant articles on the stakeholders’ perspectives on cancer survivorship care published between 2010 and 2021. We reviewed and abstracted eligible articles to synthesize findings.

Results:

A total of 21 studies were included in the review. Barriers to the receipt and provision of cancer survivorship care quality included challenges with communication, cancer care delivery, and knowledge.

Conclusion:

Persistent stakeholder-identified barriers continue to hinder the provision of quality cancer survivorship care. Improved communication, delivery of care, knowledge/information, and resources are needed to improve the quality of survivorship care. Novel models of cancer survivorship care that address the needs of survivors, oncology teams, and PCPs are needed.