bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Energías renovables y el hidrógeno: un par prometedor en la transición energética de México
Authors: Morales Ramos Alejandra Cecilia , Pérez Figueroa Marisela , Pérez Gallardo Jorge Raúl , Almaraz Sofía De León
Published: February 2021

Existen numerosas razones para considerar seriamente el uso de energías renovables (ER) en el portafolio de recursos utilizados en México: seguridad e independencia energética, reglamentación y compromisos ambientales, aprovechamiento de recursos nacionales, entre otros. México debe replantear su dependencia por combustibles fósiles como petróleo y gas natural en su transición energética. El hidrógeno es una opción que está siendo analizada por la comunidad científica internacional para acoplarse a las ER, ya que es un portador de energía que ofrece una solución a la intermitencia de las ER y puede servir para almacenar la energía. El hidrógeno ofrece grandes ventajas ambientales en su uso, y resulta una opción muy prometedora. Este estudio tiene como objetivo identificar el potencial que tienen las ER en México al ser utilizadas eficientemente para almacenar la energía por medio del hidrógeno. Se identifican el tipo, ubicación, capacidad y costo de las principales ER en México.
Identificación molecular de aislados de Trichoderma spp. y su actividad promotora en Solanum lycopersicum L.
Authors: Moo-Koh Felicia Amalia , Cristóbal Alejo Jairo , Reyes Ramírez Arturo , Tun Suárez José María , Gamboa Angulo Marcela
Published: February 2021

El presente estudio se dirigió al aislamiento e identificación de especies de Trichoderma y su estimación de promoción de crecimiento vegetal en plántulas de Solanum lycopersicum L. cv. Río Grande. Se aislaron cuatro cepas; dos se identificaron como T. ghanense (Th26-52 y Th02-04), una como T. citrinoviride (Th33-58) y otra como T. harzianum (Th33-59). Los resultados de promoción en plántulas de S. lycopersicum en concentraciones de 106 conidios·ml-1 más fertilización química a 50%, mostraron diferencias estadísticas significativas entre tratamientos (p ≤ .01). Los tratamientos con Trichoderma spp. incrementaron de 24.28 a 38.53% la altura de plántula, de 2.29 a 14.09% el diámetro de tallo, de 8.48 a 16.54% la longitud de raíz, de 0.37 a 2.68% el volumen radical y de 0 a 23.07% la biomasa seca total...
Estimación de datos faltantes de precipitación por el método de regresión lineal: Caso de estudio Cuenca Guadalupe, Baja California, México
Authors: Herrera Oliva Claudia S. , Campos Gaytán José R. , Carrillo González Fátima M.
Published: February 2021

Para completar los datos faltantes en los registros de la precipitación pluvial anual reportados por 13 estaciones climatológicas distribuidas en el área de la Cuenca Guadalupe se realizó un análisis de regresión lineal entre estaciones cercanas. Para determinar la utilidad de la inferencia estadística, se calculó el coeficiente de correlación lineal (r), en todos los casos se obtuvo un alto valor que en promedio fue r=0.89, también se calculó la eficiencia estadística (E), la cual en todos los casos analizados sugiere la viabilidad de la inferencia estadística. Como resultado principal de este análisis se presenta una base de datos de precipitación pluvial completa para elperiodo 1948-2012.
Preferencias de los consumidores: Un elemento clave en el turismo alimentario
Authors: Camarena Gómez Dena Ma. Jesús
Published: February 2021

La comida siempre ha estado presente en las actividades turísticas por necesidad biológica, no obstante, en los últimos años se comenzó a considerar como un elemento clave en el desarrollo de este rubro, ha llegado incluso a representar uno más de los atractivos, con los aspectos culturales y naturales. El objetivo de la investigación fue identificar los alimentos tradicionales de una región turística del estado de Sonora, que pueden integrarse dentro del turismo alimentario a partir del conocimiento de las preferencias de los consumidores. Para ello se aplicó una encuesta dirigida a 262 potenciales visitantes mediante un experimento de elección, donde los atributos de precio, origen y tipo de alimento fueron los considerados. Para identificar las opciones preferidas se estimó un modelo logit condicional, en donde los tamales de carne procedentes de Ures, con un precio bajo, fueron el producto favorito.
Variación en la coloración y los patrones del pelaje en los felinos
Authors: Rubio Gutiérrez Itzel Citlalli , Guevara Chumacero Luis Manuel
Published: February 2021

La familia Felidae, representada por 37 especies, presenta alta diversidad de patrones en su pelaje: liso, rosetas, rayas o manchas. En este trabajo se abordan diferentes aspectos de la evolución, función y variaciones en los patrones del pelaje de los felinos. La teoría más aceptada de la coloración de su pelaje asume que el patrón ancestral es un pelaje manchado. Actualmente, estos patrones se distribuyen en 22 especies con manchas, dos con rayas horizontales, dos con rayas verticales y seis presentan coloración uniforme. También presentan tonalidades atípicas como el melanismo (exceso de melanina) caracterizado por un pelaje obscuro –carácter benéfico– y el albinismo y leucismo (deficiencia de melanina) donde presentan una coloración blanca –carácter perjudicial–. Estas variaciones en el color y en los patrones del pelaje están estimuladas por la diversidad del hábitat y comportamiento, que tienen un papel importante enla comunicación, camuflaje y funciones fisiológicas de los felinos.
Mar de fondo: Propuesta para mitigar inundaciones en la calle Juan Serrano de la ciudad de Acapulco, Guerrero, México
Authors: Jaimes Tenorio Cynthia I. , Guinto Herrera Esteban R. , Arroyo Matus Roberto
Published: February 2021

Se comenta el problema de inundación de la calle Juan Serrano y parte de la Av. Costera Miguel Alemán de la ciudad de Acapulco, Guerrero, causado por el fenómeno mar de fondo. Se explica cómo se ha presentado el fenómeno antes referido, así como los efectos y la alteración de la circulación del tránsito vehicular sobre la Av. Costera Miguel Alemán. A partir de un análisis cualitativo de la problemática y topografía del sitio, se presenta una propuesta para mitigar las inundaciones de la zona antes mencionada, causadas por el fenómeno referido.
Recuperación de la función de Green mediante ruido sísmico
Authors: Sánchez Sesma Francisco José , Carbajal Romero Manuel , Rodríguez Sánchez José Efraín , Ávila Carrera Rafael , Rodríguez Castellanos Alejandro
Published: February 2021

Recientemente se ha demostrado que la recuperación de la función de Green puede realizarse a partir de ruido sísmico. Esta función es la característica fundamental del medio donde se propagan las ondas sísmicas. En este trabajo se plantea una formulación –para el caso 2D- que permite la recuperación de la función de Green a partir de ruido sísmico. Se estudian varios tipos de medios homogéneos caracterizados por sus velocidades de propagación y relación de Poisson. Adicionalmente, para el caso bidimensional, donde se propagan solamente las ondas P y SV, se discuten y comprueban las contribuciones de energía de correspondiente a cada tipo de onda sísmica.
Funciones compatibles de ahusamiento-volumen para tres especies de Pinus en la Unidad de Manejo Forestal 0808 del estado de Chihuahua
Authors: Silva González Edgar , Nava Moreno Marco Antonio , Hernández Francisco Javier , Colín José Guadalupe
Published: February 2021

El propósito del presente estudio fue ajustar nueve modelos compatibles de ahusamiento-volumen para las especie de Pinus arizonica, P. durangensis y P. engelmannii del estado de Chihuahua. Para realizar este estudio se seleccionaron 111 árboles para la primera especie, 108 para la segunda y 91 para la tercera. El análisis implicó la incoporación del modelo de volumen de Schumacher & Hall a cada uno de los nueve modelos de ahusamiento para ajustarlos de manera simultánea y seleccionar la mejor función compatible de ahusamientovolumen. Los resultados indicaron que los modelos de ahusamiento-volumen con mejor ajuste fueron el de Fang y el de Cruz-Cobos para las tres especies.
Calidad microbiológica de cilantro (Coriandrum sativum L.) para la venta al público
Authors: Santos Fernández Marisol , Maldonado Ortega Valeria , Ochoa Fuentes Yisa Ma. , Cerna Chávez Ernesto , Hernández Bautista Omegar
Published: February 2021

Se determinó la calidad microbiológica del cilantro (Coriandrum sativum L.) de diversos centros comerciales de Saltillo, Coahuila, México, a través de la determinación de índices microbiológicos. Se empleó la metodología descrita en la norma NOM-112-SSA1-1994 para la determinación de coliformes totales por el NMP, la determinación de parásitos se hizo por concentración y observación directa. Como resultado se obtuvo que los supermercados analizados están fuera de los límites microbiológicos, tanto para coliformes totales como parásitos, siendo Ascaris lumbricoides el de mayor presencia. Las muestras de cilantro rebasaron los límites permisibles que marca la norma, posiblemente por carencia en la aplicación de SRRC-SENASICA (México) durante la manipulación previa, así como en la venta.
Jarilla heterophylla, un nuevo registro para la flora del estado y único representante nativo de la familia Caricaceae en Aguascalientes, México
Authors: Sandoval-Ortega Manuel Higinio , Siqueiros-Delgado María Elena
Published: February 2021

La familia Caricaceae está integrada por seis géneros principalmente tropicales distribuidos en América y sólo uno en África, con un total de 34 especies. Para México se reportan cinco géneros y ocho especies, sólo un género y una especie presentes en Aguascalientes. Jarilla heterophylla (Cerv. ex La Llave) Rusby, es un nuevo registro para la flora de Aguascalientes, siendo el único representante nativo de la familia Caricaceae en el estado, se distribuye en el municipio de Calvillo, principalmente en vegetación subtropical y bosque de Quercus a una altura de 1700-2300 m s.n.m.
Validación y liberación de dispositivo de medición para OEM automotriz, utilizando herramientas estadísticas en concurso de metrología a nivel nacional
Authors: Cuautle-Gutiérrez Luis , Lobato-Ramírez José Francisco
Published: February 2021

En los últimos años, los estudios estadísticos para el análisis de los sistemas de medición (MSA, por sus siglas en inglés) de partes de la industria automotriz, han cobrado mucha fuerza no sólo por la versatilidad que tienen para estudiar atributos y variables, sino por la facilidad que les proporcionan a las organizaciones para liberar sus dispositivos de medición en las líneas de producción y controlar la calidad de sus productos de manera sencilla y confiable. Esta nota expone la metodología que se siguió para la validación estadística del dispositivo de comprobación utilizado en un concurso de diseño y desarrollo de dispositivos de medición para componentes de la industria automotriz, en donde se obtuvo el primer lugar.
Análisis bayesiano de la compra de alimentos en espacios de distribución de Ciudad Guzmán, Jalisco, México
Authors: Cantero-Ramírez Margarita , Magaña-González Claudia Rocío , Martínez-Moreno Alma Gabriela , Acosta-Mesa Héctor Gabriel
Published: February 2021

Con el fin de identificar y clasificar los lugares de distribución donde las personas de Ciudad Guzmán compran alimentos y por qué lo hacen, para describir cómo son las prácticas de compra de alimento, se elaboró y validó un cuestionario aplicado a 366 personas entre 25 y 64 años de las regiones sur y Lagunas de Jalisco, analizados con estadística-probabilística con un modelo de redes bayesianas. Los resultados indican que se compra con mayor frecuencia (38.26%) en tiendas de abarrotes y en el supermercado se compran más grupos de alimentos (22.62%). Las razones para elegir un establecimiento y comprar alimentos se relacionaron significativamente (p<0.05) con el género, la administración de la economía doméstica, aspectos sociales. Las compras de alimentos son diversificadas, se acude a espacios de distribución tradicional (91.09%) y distribución moderna (8.91%) ante la necesidad de alimentarse, lo cual va en contra de las tendencias registradas en grandes ciudades.
机电一体化技术在机械工程中的应用分析
Authors: 易 勇 , 欧阳 菊珍
Published: February 2021

现代工程行业的不断发展，工程机械种类也随之增多，例如其中挖掘机械、工程车辆、装修机械、压实机械、气动机械、运输机械、凿岩机械等，这些机械在工程领域、工业领域等得到广泛应用。机电一体化技术具有一定的系统性、交叉性，其主要包括自动化控制技术、计算机信息技术、传感技术、伺服技术等。将机电一体化技术融合到工程机械设备中可以得到良好的应用效果，但是现阶段在融合的过程中由于创新不足、无法保证功能且专业人才不足等给使用效果带来不利影响。在这样的情况下要想提高机械工程使用功能，应进一步研究机电一体化技术在机械工程中的作用，得到良好的使用效果。
全地面汽车起重机360°吊装仿真分析
Authors: 龚 国才 , 胡 成林 , 黄 知广
Published: February 2021

以徐工QAY300全地面汽车起重机为原型，通过ANSYS软件建立其梁单元的仿真模型。梁单元采用beam188单元。然后模拟研究全地面汽车起重机360°吊装过程中主要起重构件的受力和变形，着重对起重机的支腿反力进行计算和分析，得出在吊装过程中四个支腿反力的变化情况，进一步确定出在相应起吊角度时受力最大的支腿。
循环式客运架空索道关键技术研究
Authors: 史 宗亮
Published: February 2021

平稳制动是循环式客运架空索道的关键技术。因此，如何有效的制动是索道设计的焦点。基于此，本研究文中从改变压力，流量调节，改变落闸次序与模块化调节制动四个方面探讨了优化制动的方法。
POLAND TOWARDS THE CONTEMPORARY CHALLENGES OF DEVELOPMENT AND SECURITY
Authors: Stańczyk Jerzy
Published: February 2021

The security and development of the Republic of Poland are defined by modern chal- lenges and threats which are of both internal and external nature, and which should be treated in a complex way. The main ones include the following: international terrorism, proliferation of weapons of mass destruction, scarcity of raw materials and energy supplies, issues related to growing migration, possible instability in the international surroundings, development of organised crime, deterioration of the in- ternational status of the State connected with on-going reforms of international orga- nisations (like NATO and the EU) as well as the necessity of engagement in solving regional conflicts, also outside of Europe. In the light of these considerations, there is a need for an integrated state security system based on professional know-how and modern structures, as well as the need for a mature culture of security. Varnost in razvoj Republike Poljske opredeljujejo sodobni izzivi ter grožnje interne in eksterne narave, ki jih je treba obravnavati celovito. Med glavne izzive in grožnje spadajo mednarodni terorizem, širjenje orožja za množično uničevanje, pomanjka- nje surovin in energentov, problematika naraščajočih migracij, možnost nestabilnosti v mednarodnem okolju, razvoj organiziranega kriminala, nazadovanje mednarodne- ga statusa države, povezanega s trenutnimi reformami mednarodnih organizacij, na primer Nata in EU, ter nujnost vključevanja v razreševanje regionalnih konfliktov, tudi zunaj Evrope. V luči teh dejavnikov se kaže potreba po integriranem državnem varnostnem sistemu, ki bo temeljil tako na strokovnem znanju in sodobnih struktu- rah kot na potrebi po zreli varnostni kulturi.
CAN COVID-19 BE CONSTRUED AS A FORCE MAJEURE IN THE AGREEMENT?
Authors: Serepinauli Deborah , Evan Dennis
Published: February 2021

The COVID-19 not only affects human health but also spreads to business sectors in Indonesia. The government has issued several regulations in response to COVID-19, for instance, companies are required to operate at a minimum operation level. Furthermore, due to COVID-19 and government requirements, numerous performances in agreement are either delayed or cancelled. Given the above, the issue of COVID-19 as a force majeure is also increasingly discussed. However, before declaring COVID-19 as a force majeure, the parties should consider the governing law of the agreement, the conditions, and the clause of force majeure in the agreement. Recently, the Bengkulu District Court also made a decision on the Case No. 3/Pdt.G.S./2020 in which the defendant argued that its performance could not be held due to COVID-19. Hence, this study will discuss the concept of force majeure under Indonesian law and whether COVID-19 fulfil this concept.
NATIONAL LAW DEVELOPMENT IN NEW NORMAL ERA
Authors: Riyanto Benny
Published: February 2021

According to legal perspective, the Government’s plan to implement New Normal desires to restore economic life and public health as a manifestation of the fulfillment of citizens’ rights. From the description above, this paper will discuss several things, namely how the readiness of national Law to welcome the new normal era; how the constitutional legal system in the new era is normal; how is the urgency of structuring national regulations in the new normal era; and, how the influence of the new normal era for legal politics and public legal awareness. By using the normative juridical method, it can be concluded that the status of COVID-19 pandemic in Law is marked by the issuance of various legislative products to provide legal certainty of the Government’s policy to overcome COVID-19 and implement New Normal policy. The practice of state administration is increasingly being carried out in the executive, legislative, and judiciary environments by utilizing digital networks through application facilities that provide virtual me eting services.
СУЧАСНІ БАЗИ ДАНИХ NoSQL У ПІДГОТОВЦІ БАКАЛАВРІВ СПЕЦІАЛЬНОСТІ "КОМП'ЮТЕРНІ НАУКИ"
Authors: Ситник Ніна Василівна , Зінов'єва Ірина Сергіївна
Published: February 2021

Стаття присвячена проблемі опанування сучасними підходами організації баз даних майбутніми фахівцями зі спеціальності 122 «Комп’ютерні науки». Бази даних NoSQL і NewSQL – новітні тренди у сфері IT, які потребують детального ознайомлення та вивчення студентами комп’ютерних спеціальностей. У статті досліджено та розкрито поняття баз даних NoSQL і NewSQL. Проведена порівняльна характеристика реляційних баз даних з базами даних типу NoSQL, NewSQL. У зв’язку з поширенням різного виду WEBсервісів, потребою розподіленого оброблення великих масивів даних (Big Data) обґрунтовано необхідність повноцінного вивчення нового покоління баз даних та отримання фахових компетентностей щодо їх практичного застосування. Вивчення новітніх баз даних не має бути альтернативою вивченню реляційних баз даних. Враховуючи концептуальні відмінності і технологічні особливості використання сучасних баз даних, у Київському національному економічному університеті імені Вадима Гетьмана до навчальних планів спеціальності 122 «Комп’ютерні науки» додано нову дисципліну «Організація баз даних NoSQL», вивчення якої поповнить знання студентів про основні тенденції розвитку баз даних та підвищить їх конкурентоздатність на ринку праці. Під час розробки навчальної програми дисципліни були проаналізовані навчальні плани підготовки спеціалістів з комп’ютерних наук провідних закладів вищої освіти України, літературні та інтернет-джерела, які підтвердили необхідність та доцільність вивчення баз даних NoSQL та NewSQL. Дослідження критеріїв та аналіз рейтингу систем керування базами даних дозволили дійти висновку про доцільність введення до навчальної програми дисципліни «Організація баз даних NoSQL» тем з вивчення найбільш поширених у світовій практиці баз даних типу NoSQL (MongoDB, Redis, Cassandra) та NewSQL (Microsoft SQL Server 2017), яка має розширений функціонал і підтримує роботу з графами.
MODELING THE DIGITAL LEARNING ENVIRONMENT FOR PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHER TRAINING
Authors: Гаврілова Людмила Гаврилівна , Бескорса Олена Сергіївна , Ішутіна Олена Євгенівна
Published: February 2021

Over the past few years the processes of education informatization are tied with its digitalisation. The certain upgrades of electronic educational resources take place and the new era of learning tools – digital learning resources – is developing. The preference is given to the open educational resources that can work on any digital device, so they are digital educational resources. The article presents the experience of using the distance course “Digital Technologies for Teaching and Research” for primary school teacher training at State Higher Education Institution “Donbas State Pedagogical University”. The analysis of the practical use of the distance course and studying foreign scientific and methodological data sources proves the necessity of forming and developing the Next Generation of Digital Learning Environment (NGDLE). Five main functional domains of NGDLE are distinguished and analysed which ensure its full implementation: interoperability and integration; personalization; analytics, advising, and learning assessment; collaboration; accessibility and universal design. The model of digital learning environment for primary school teacher training is completely intuitive platform for integrating the virtual training of primary school teachers, conducting conferences and webinars, effective collaboration of scientists, university lecturers, university students and school teachers. The platform clusters are characterized (distance courses, digital teaching and learning resources, internet conferences, webinars, student and teacher e-portfolios, forum) which correlate with mentioned features of the Next Generation of Digital Learning Environment. It is proved that the Next Generation of Digital Learning Environment is developed due to evolving traditional learning management systems (LMS) and their similarity with the principles of open education and flexible personal learning environments.
CLICKER SYSTEMS AS A SMART TECHNOLOGY-BASED TOOL FOR TEACHING ENGLISH TO MASTER’S STUDENTS MAJORING IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
Authors: Шихненко Катерина Іванівна
Published: February 2021

This study experimentally verifies how the ESP learning environment supported by the use of clickers influences learners’ academic motivation, academic self-efficacy, cognitive reflection, speed of decision making, functioning of a dominant brain type, and performance in learning English for specific purposes. This research relies on mixed methods and focuses on clickers like Kahoot and Socrative. The entry and outcome data were obtained through Rasch’s measurement model that was used to measure academic motivation, Byrne and Matotti-designed academic confidence measurement techniques used to measure academic self-efficacy, Frederick’s methodology for diagnosing cognitive reflection and decision making, a comprehensive ESP test consisting of the listening, reading, speaking and writing sections and Attitude/motivation test battery to measure shifts in the functioning of the students’ dominant brain type used to perform them. Those measurements were considered as dependent variables for this study. At the post-experimental stage, both a focus-group semi-structured interview and numerical and qualitative data analyses were carried out to validate the statistical significance of the experiment outcomes. Furthermore, a two-way ANOVA was used to define the dependence of the above-mentioned variables on the use of clickers. The data processing procedure relied on the application of free Two-Way ANOVA Statistics Software (Calculator) for non-commercial (academic) use. The responses of the focus group participants were processed under the guidelines for focus group research. This study found that integration of clicker systems as a type of smart technology into teaching English for Specific Purposes to Master’s Degree students majoring in Public Administration (in civil protection) is effective, as it triggers the students’ desire to learn, creates a relaxed environment, develops students’ cognitive sphere, and enhances students’ academic performance. Additionally, the results of the experiment suggest that due to clickers, language learning turns into a challenging experience allowing students to consolidate their knowledge and master their skills in information search and processing. The paper states that this teaching approach is student-centered, which reduces the teacher’s dominance and gives way to the student’s autonomy.
TEACHERS' READINESS TO USE E-PORTFOLIOS
Authors: Воротникова Ірина Павлівна , Захар Ольга Германівна
Published: February 2021

An e-portfolio is one of the tools for monitoring and evaluating the professional activity of school teachers and their achievements. An e-portfolio can be used for teachers’ professional development. It provides openness and transparency of both teachers’ and educational institutions’ work. The purpose of the study is to analyze teachers' readiness to use e-portfolios for both self-evaluation of their own professional experience and continuous professional development. The article analyzes various approaches to the structure of e-portfolios based on the analysis of international experience, the legislation of Ukraine and the survey of teachers. The purpose, tasks, requirements of normative documents on the use of e-portfolios are generalized.The multi-level structure of an e-portfolio is defined and the requirements for its dynamic content are substantiated. Teachers' needs for advanced training in using a variety of IT tools for creating e-portfolios have been systematized. It has been determined that the use of e-portfolio can satisfy both the needs of evaluating the effectiveness of teachers’ work and the formation of self-esteem and reflection skills, facilitate teachers’ continuous professional development, dissemination of advanced pedagogical experience and teaching practices. Different types of e-portfolios have been analyzed. IT tools for creating an e-portfolio have been identified. The content of the corresponding educational module for teachers in the system of postgraduate pedagogical education has been substantiated. The content of a portfolio is defined by the goals of its creation. For teachers, the emphasis in e-portfolio creation is not on learning, as it is for students, but on professional activity, self-assessment, and marketing. The results can be teachers' understanding of why and how they have learned throughout their careers, the importance of reflection for future professional development.
Relationship between viability of thawed semen and pregnancy rate of Nelore cows subjected to fixed-time artificial insemination
Authors: Pereira Fernando Roberto , Almeida Ana Beatriz Marques de , Hidalgo Myrian Megumy Tsunokawa , Potiens José Roberto , Souza Anne Kemmer , Lopes Flávio Guiselli , Barreiros Thales Ricardo Rigo , Morotti Fábio , Martins Maria Isabel Mello
Published: February 2021

This research aimed to evaluate the relationship of membrane integrity analysis, mitochondrial cytochemical analysis, and sperm kinetics of bovine semen after thawing and the pregnancy rate in Nelore females submitted to fixed-time artificial insemination (FTAI). Thirty-seven conventional semen straws, from 16 Nelore bulls and 3 Aberdeen Angus bulls were used. The semen samples were evaluated in conventional microscopy for sperm motility, vigor, and morphology, through flow cytometry for membrane integrity and mitochondrial function, and the CASA system for evaluation of sperm kinetics. All females were subjected to the same FTAI protocol and were inseminated by the same technical team. The correlation between all variables was performed by Pearson's correlation. Cluster analysis was used to analyze the relationship between pregnancy rate and combinations of laboratory tests (P ≤ 0.05). Semen samples from Angus bulls (89.2 ± 5.5) presented superior VSL (P=0.004) to Nelore semen (78.6 ± 8.6), but this did not affect the pregnancy rate (Nelore: 51.0% versus Angus: 50.5%, P > 0.05). By flow cytometry, 44.3% membrane integrity and 47.3% mitochondrial integrity were identified. Five clusters were selected, one of which presented the best pregnancy rate, containing the most balanced rates between progressive velocity and mitochondrial activity (VSL 71.16 μm/s, MITO 49.69%, TxP 62.4%). Samples of thawed bovine semen with progressive velocity and balanced mitochondrial activity demonstrated better fertility to TAI program.
Crises do Capital, Austeridade e Educação no Brasil
Authors: Castro Alda Maria Duarte Araújo , Santos Íkaro de Paula
Published: February 2021

O Presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar como as políticas de austeridade foram tomadas, no Brasil e em outros países, como a principal estratégia de superação dos efeitos desencadeados pela crise global do capital ocorrida em 2008, e como a adoção destas medidas impactou nos diversos setores sociais, com destaque para a educação. Para tal tarefa, foram utilizados dados estatísticos do Banco Central e também do Portal da Transparência, além da revisão bibliográfica que elencou autores como Antunes (2015); Blyth (2017); Carcanholo (2010) e Rossi et al. (2019). O estudo realizado indicou que o processo de austeridade no Brasil assumiu contornos particulares em relação a outros países e que as mesmas não entregaram o desenvolvimento econômico prometido. Verificou-se também que a austeridade ultrapassa políticas efêmeras de retração fiscal, caracterizando-as como um pilar do neoliberalismo no seu atual estágio de desenvolvimento. No âmbito da educação, a retração fiscal representa um entrave para a superação de desigualdades históricas e coloca em xeque políticas de Estado estruturantes do setor.
Lei 10639/2003: reflexões sobre a cultura afro-brasileira e o uso de imagens nos processos educacionais escolares
Authors: Peixoto Reginaldo , Santos Suelem Ferreira dos
Published: February 2021

O presente texto propõe uma discussão sobre o cumprimento da lei 10.639/03, cujo pressuposto na educação básica é a formação da consciência do aluno acerca dos processos históricos que retratam a presença do negro na história do Brasil e a sua contribuição para a formação da identidade nacional, historicamente negada em materiais pedagógicos como nos livros didáticos. Assim, por meio de uma pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, pretendemos afirmar que, desde o Período Colonial, a contribuição do negro foi importante para a construção da identidade cultural e para o desenvolvimento do nosso país e do nosso povo. Como ferramentas de aprendizagens, discutiremos o uso das imagens, visto que podem ser trabalhadas diariamente por professores, de modo a valorizar a história e a cultura, descontruindo preconceitos e discriminações que sobrevivem enraizadas na nossa sociedade, o que acaba por minimizar percursos históricos, papéis sociais e as contribuições do negro para a nossa nação.
The Qur'anic Method of Presenting Legislative Rulings: An Analytical Study of ṣadaqa in Sūrat al-Baqara
Authors: al-Matroudi Abdul Hakim
Published: February 2021

The Qur'an is considered a major theoretical source of law by the Islamic tradition. Moreover, Islamic sources are agreed that reliance on the Qur'an for legal resolutions to issues has been an established practice ever since its revelation. Yet, we find that some Western academics do not attribute any significant legislative role to the Qur'an, so much so that some of them claim that this is a contemporary phenomenon which runs contrary to early Islamic practice. As for those who do acknowledge the legal role of the Qur'an, they do not discuss in detail the Qur'anic methodology in presenting legal rulings.

In light of these views, this study will commence with a brief indication to Western academic engagement with the Qur'an's legislative role. It will then focus on the Qur'an's approach to presenting legal rulings via an analytical study of the notion of ṣadaqa as expressed in Sūrat al-Baqara, so as to determine the Qur'an's methodological approach to presenting legal rulings to its audience.
Charlotte Brontë’s Gothic Fragment: ‘The Story of Willie Ellin’
Authors: Wynne Deborah
Published: February 2021

Charlotte Brontë’s eighteen-page fragment, ‘The Story of Willie Ellin’, written shortly after the publication of Villette in 1853, combines the gothic and realism and uses multiple narrators to tell a disturbing story of cruelty towards a child. The generic instability and disordered temporal framework of this fragment make it unlike anything Brontë had previously written, yet it has attracted the attention of few scholars. Those who have discussed it have condemned it as a failure; the later fragment ‘Emma’, also left incomplete by the author's premature death, has been seen as the more likely beginning of a successor to Villette. ‘The Story of Willie Ellin’ reveals Brontë at her most experimental as she explores the use of different narrative voices, including that of an unnamed genderless ‘ghost’, to tell a story from different perspectives. It also shows Brontë representing a child's experience of extreme physical abuse which goes far beyond the depictions of chastisement in Jane Eyre (1847). This essay argues that ‘The Story of Willie Ellin’ affords rich insights into Brontë’s ideas and working practices in her final years, suggesting that it should be more widely acknowledged as a unique aspect of Brontë’s oeuvre, revealing the new directions she may have taken had she lived to complete another novel.
Place and Politics in the Work of George Sturt
Authors: Featherstone Simon
Published: February 2021

Since the 1930s George Sturt's Change in the Village (1912) and The Wheelwright's Shop (1923) have been associated with the cultural theory of the journal Scrutiny and its idealised concept of a rural English ‘organic community’. Focusing on his earlier writing as contexts for these works, this essay offers a reappraisal of Sturt as a self-consciously political analyst of late-Victorian agrarian experience. His contributions to The Commonweal, the newspaper of William Morris's Socialist League, in the 1880s mark out a distinctively dissentient position that was developed through contributions to periodicals such as Country Life and in the two ‘Bettesworth’ books that drew upon the oral histories of local labour. These contributions to the developing commercial genre of English ‘country writing’ in the period are also critical reflections upon its modes and media. Formally experimental and uncomfortably reflective upon what he termed his ‘misery of being a Socialist employer of labour’, Sturt's examination of the relationship of agrarian tradition and modernity in West Surrey represents a distinctive contribution to the radical social history of the late nineteenth and early twentieth century.
KUANTIFIKASI SENYAWA FLAVONOID DENGAN LC-MS/MS SECARA SIMULTAN
Authors: Kaliawan Kaliawan , Danardono Prayogo
Published: February 2021

Pengujian senyawa flavonoid dengan metode kromatografi cair spektrometri massa (LC-MS/MS) dikembangkan  dan digunakan untuk kuantifikasi secara simultan. Senyawa flavonoid yang menjadi target pengujian adalah  senyawa quercetin, quercetin-3-O-glikosida, taxifolin dan rutin. LC-M/SMS menjadi teknik pengujian menggunakan teknik ionisasi electrospray (ESI) dengan pola ionisasi positif maupun negatif. SRM (Selected  Reaction Monitoring) dipilih untuk penentuan secara spesifik senyawa target berdasarkan quasi ion molekuler  prekursor dan transisinya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui seberapa jauh nilai pengukuran pada pada  LC-MS/MS terhadap linieritas, presisi, akurasi, batas terendah deteksi dan batas terendah kuantifikasi. Hasil  penelitian menunjukkan nilai linieritas mendekati satu, presisi dan akurasi dapat diterima/valid. Nilai LoD  senyawa quercetin 42.9 ppb, quercetin 3-O-Glikosida sebesar 33 ppb, taxifolin 23.1 ppb, dan rutin 52.8 ppb.  Sedangkan nilai LoQ senyawa quercetin 129 ppb, quercetin 3-O-Glikosida sebesar 99 ppb, taxifolin 69 ppb, dan rutin 159 ppb.
HIDROLISIS RAW SUGAR SEBAGAI BAHAN BAKU PEMBUATAN MONO NATRIUM GLUTAMAT DENGAN VARIASI pH, SUHU, DAN KONSENTRASI
Authors: Wardani Nadua Bella , Susanti Mei , Maryanty Yanty
Published: February 2021

Analisis DS (Direct Sugar)/ TS (Total Sugar) merupakan suatu analisis yang digunakan untuk mengetahui kadar glukosa bebas yang terdapat dalam kandungan gula total dalam suatu karbohidrat. Analisis ini digunakan untuk mengetahui kandungan glukosa pada bahan baku pembuatan MNG (Mono Natrium Glutamat) seperti tetes tebu, tepung tapioka, tepung jagung, maupun raw sugar yang telah melalui proses hidrolisis yang divariasikan pada prosesnya. Hidrolisis merupakan proses dekomposisi kimia dengan menggunakan air untuk memisahkan ikatan kimia dari substansinya. Hidrolisis sukrosa (raw sugar) merupakan proses pemecahan molekul disakarida (sukrosa) menjadi monosakarida (fruktosa dan glukosa). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kondisi optimum proses hidrolisis raw sugar dengan menggunakan analisis DS/ TS. Hasil dari penelitian ini didapatkan kondisi optimum proses hidrolisis raw sugar sebagai bahan baku cadangan pembuatan MNG (Mono Natrium Glutamat) terjadi pada pH 2,8, suhu 60oC, dan konsentrasi raw sugar 40%.
Sall4 and Myocd Empower Direct Cardiac Reprogramming From Adult Cardiac Fibroblasts After Injury
Authors: Zhao Hong , Zhang Yi , Xu Xiaochan , Sun Qiushi , Yang Chunyan , Wang Hao , Yang Junbo , Yang Yang , Yang Xiaochun , Liu Yi , Zhao Yang
Published: February 2021

Direct conversion of fibroblasts into induced cardiomyocytes (iCMs) holds promising potential to generate functional cardiomyocytes for drug development and clinical applications, especially for direct in situ heart regeneration by delivery of reprogramming genes into adult cardiac fibroblasts in injured hearts. For a decade, many cocktails of transcription factors have been developed to generate iCMs from fibroblasts of different tissues in vitro and some were applied in vivo. Here, we aimed to develop genetic cocktails that induce cardiac reprogramming directly in cultured cardiac fibroblasts isolated from adult mice with myocardial infarction (MICFs), which could be more relevant to heart diseases. We found that the widely used genetic cocktail, Gata4, Mef2c, and Tbx5 (GMT) were inefficient in reprogramming cardiomyocytes from MICFs. In a whole well of a 12-well plate, less than 10 mCherry+ cells (<0.1%) were observed after 2 weeks of GMT infection with Myh6-reporter transgenic MICFs. By screening 22 candidate transcription factors predicted through analyzing the gene regulatory network of cardiac development, we found that five factors, GMTMS (GMT plus Myocd and Sall4), induced more iCMs expressing the cardiac structural proteins cTnT and cTnI at a frequency of about 22.5 ± 2.7% of the transduced MICFs at day 21 post infection. What is more, GMTMS induced abundant beating cardiomyocytes at day 28 post infection. Specifically, Myocd contributed mainly to inducing the expression of cardiac proteins, while Sall4 accounted for the induction of functional properties, such as contractility. RNA-seq analysis of the iCMs at day 28 post infection revealed that they were reprogrammed to adopt a cardiomyocyte-like gene expression profile. Overall, we show here that Sall4 and Myocd play important roles in cardiac reprogramming from MICFs, providing a cocktail of genetic factors that have potential for further applications in in vivo cardiac reprogramming.
Protein Trafficking or Cell Signaling: A Dilemma for the Adaptor Protein TOM1
Authors: Roach Tiffany G. , Lång Heljä K. M. , Xiong Wen , Ryhänen Samppa J. , Capelluto Daniel G. S.
Published: February 2021

Lysosomal degradation of ubiquitinated transmembrane protein receptors (cargo) relies on the function of Endosomal Sorting Complex Required for Transport (ESCRT) protein complexes. The ESCRT machinery is comprised of five unique oligomeric complexes with distinct functions. Target of Myb1 (TOM1) is an ESCRT protein involved in the initial steps of endosomal cargo sorting. To exert its function, TOM1 associates with ubiquitin moieties on the cargoviaits VHS and GAT domains. Several ESCRT proteins, including TOLLIP, Endofin, and Hrs, have been reported to form a complex with TOM1 at early endosomal membrane surfaces, which may potentiate the role of TOM1 in cargo sorting. More recently, it was found that TOM1 is involved in other physiological processes, including autophagy, immune responses, and neuroinflammation, which crosstalk with its endosomal cargo sorting function. Alteration of TOM1 function has emerged as a phosphoinositide-dependent survival mechanism for bacterial infections and cancer progression. Based on current knowledge of TOM1-dependent cellular processes, this review illustrates how TOM1 functions in coordination with an array of protein partners under physiological and pathological scenarios.
Circular RNA circ_0057558 Controls Prostate Cancer Cell Proliferation Through Regulating miR-206/USP33/c-Myc Axis
Authors: Ding Tao , Zhu Yanjun , Jin Huimin , Zhang Ping , Guo Jianming , Zheng Jianghua
Published: February 2021

We previously reported the elevated expression of circ_0057558 in prostate cancer tissues and cell lines. Here, we aimed to determine the biological function of circ_0057558 in prostate cancer. In the current study, circ_0057558 knockdown in prostate cancer cells significantly repressed cell proliferation and colony formation, but promoted cell arrest and enhanced the sensitivity to docetaxel. Bioinformatics analysis prediction and RNA-pull down assay identified miR-206 as the potential binding miRNA of circ_0057558. A negative correlation was observed between the expression of miR-206 and circ_0057558 in prostate cancer tissues. miR-206 mimics rescued the function of circ_0057558 overexpression on prostate cancer cells. Further, the bioinformatics analysis and luciferase assay suggested that miR-206 may target ubiquitin-specific peptidase 33 (USP33). USP33 mRNA expression has negative correlation with miR-206 expression and positive correlation with circ_0057558 expression in prostate cancer tissues. USP33 overexpression partially blocked the effects of miR-206 mimics on prostate cell proliferation. USP33 could bind and deubiquitinate c-Myc. Increased c-Myc protein by circ_0057558 overexpression was partially reversed by miR-206 mimics. The proliferation inhibition activity of MYC inhibitor 361 (MYCi361) was more prominent in primary prostate cancer cells and patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model with higher level of circ_0057558. Collectively, circ_0057558 gives an impetus to cell proliferation and cell cycle control in prostate cancer cell lines by sponging miR-206 and positively regulating the transcription of the miR-206 target gene USP33.
T-Helper Cell Subset Response Is a Determining Factor in COVID-19 Progression
Authors: Gil-Etayo Francisco Javier , Suàrez-Fernández Patricia , Cabrera-Marante Oscar , Arroyo Daniel , Garcinuño Sara , Naranjo Laura , Pleguezuelo Daniel E. , Allende Luis M. , Mancebo Esther , Lalueza Antonio , Díaz-Simón Raquel , Paz-Artal Estela , Serrano Antonio
Published: February 2021

The immune response type organized against viral infection is determinant in the prognosis of some infections. This work has aimed to study Th polarization in acute COVID-19 and its possible association with the outcome through an observational prospective study. Fifty-eight COVID-19 patients were recruited in the Medicine Department of the hospital “12 de Octubre,” 55 patients remaining after losses to follow-up. Four groups were established according to maximum degree of disease progression. T-helper cell percentages and phenotypes, analyzed by flow cytometer, and serum cytokines levels, analyzed by Luminex, were evaluated when the microbiological diagnosis (acute phase) of the disease was obtained. Our study found a significant reduction of %Th1 and %Th17 cells with higher activated %Th2 cells in the COVID-19 patients compared with reference population. A higher percent of senescent Th2 cells was found in the patients who died than in those who survived. Senescent Th2 cell percentage was an independent risk factor for death (OR: 13.88) accompanied by the numbers of total lymphocytes (OR: 0.15) with an AUC of 0.879. COVID-19 patients showed a profile of pro-inflammatory serum cytokines compared to controls, with higher levels of IL-2, IL-6, IL-15, and IP-10. IL-10 and IL-13 were also elevated in patients compared to controls. Patients who did not survive presented significantly higher levels of IL-15 than those who recovered. No significant differences were observed according to disease progression groups. The study has shown that increased levels of IL-15 and a high Th2 response are associated with a fatal outcome of the disease.
A Cause for Alarm: Increasing Translocation Success of Captive Individuals Through Alarm Communication
Authors: Morris Vanessa , Pitcher Benjamin James , Chariton Anthony
Published: February 2021

Translocation programmes implying the movement of animals from one place to another aim to sustain endangered populations in the wild. However, their success varies greatly, with predation being a major contributing factor. This is particularly prevalent in released captive-raised individuals which have a reduced or lost awareness of predators. Alarm calls are an immediate response made toward a predator, mostly studied in highly predated, social vertebrates. These warning vocalizations are a vital part of a prey species' anti-predator behavior, enhancing the individuals' and surrounding listeners' survival. To date, most translocation programmes have not considered this behavior for release success. Here we review the literature summarizing alarm communication systems of wild and captive vertebrates, aiming to establish recommendations and actions which could encourage alarm communication behavior in captive vertebrate species. Observations of wild animals show that alarm-call understanding is gained through the experience of predation pressure from a young age, amongst conspecific and heterospecific social groups, which captive individuals can lack. This information, combined with consideration of a programme's accessible resources and captive individual's developmental history, is pivotal to efficiently guide appropriate actions. Focusing on preserving behaviors in captivity, we provide a list of recommendations and actions to guide the reinforcement of alarm communication throughout the translocation process. Ensuring predator awareness and the maintenance of alarm communication in translocated individuals may greatly improve the likelihood of release success.
Serum Metabonomic Study of Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome Using Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography Orbitrap Mass Spectrometer
Authors: Song Lei , Zhang Zhongxiao , Qiu Zhaohui , Jiang Tingbo
Published: February 2021

Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) can cause arrhythmia, heart failure, and even sudden death. Our aim in this study was to identify potential metabolic biomarkers in patients with ACS. The serum metabonomics approach based on ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC)/Orbitrap mass spectrometer (MS) was used to analyze the serum samples from 45 patients with ACS and 29 healthy controls. Multivariate statistical analysis was used to screen for ACS biomarkers. In total, 69 biomarkers were identified to be enriched in 19 metabolic pathways; 43 biomarkers were significantly up-regulated, while 26 biomarkers were significantly down-regulated in the ACS group. The main classes were lyso-sphingolipid (SM), cinnamic acids, cholines, and primary amides. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that lysoPC(20:4(8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)/0:0) (ROC area under the curve, AUC = 0.936), SM(d18:0/16:0) (ROC AUC = 0.932), and SM(d18:1/14:0) (ROC AUC = 0.923) had a high ACS diagnostic ability. The AUC value of the diagnostic model constructed using these combined biomarkers was 0.96. Therefore, these biomarkers may improve the diagnostic efficacy of ACS. The findings of this study also implied that glycerophospholipid metabolism; the biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids; linoleic acid metabolism; and valine, leucine, and isoleucine biosynthesis played important roles in ACS. Network analysis by ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) showed these biomarkers were correlated to the cardiac hypertrophy signaling pathway, ERK/MAPK signaling pathway, NF-kappa B signaling pathway, nitric oxide (NO) signaling pathway in cardiovascular system, and TLR-signaling pathway. These findings will help to improve the ability of accurate diagnosis and intervention of ACS.