bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Rediscovery and life history of Bathromelas hyaloscopa (Meyrick & Lower, 1907) Lepidoptera: Psychidae: Oiketicinae
Authors: Beaver Ethan
Published: April 2023

The rarely seen Bathromelas Turner 1947, a monotypic Australian endemic genus with the species Bathromelas hyaloscopa (Meyrick & Lower, 1907), is rediscovered, and a new description is provided. The male genitalia, female, pupae of both sexes, late instar larvae, and the unique case design are all figured and described for the first time. The larval host plant is identified as Allocasuarina luehmannii (Casuarinaceae), with B. hyaloscopa regarded as a Casuarinaceae specialist, unusual as oiketicine psychids are typically polyphagous. Prior to this study the species was known from only three male specimens, with the most recent of those collected in 1938. The data for all known and new specimens is included, and a brief discussion on the systematic affinity of this genus is provided.
​​Nested Ethics: The Management of Young People’s Goals in Alternative UK Mental Health Services
Authors: Jones McVey Rosie
Published: April 2023

Youth mental health interventions in the UK increasingly use goal-setting procedures to shape services and measure outcomes in ways that are intended to be meaningful to service users. This research article questions this premise, departing with the ethnographic observation that many young people do not seem to welcome the invitation or requirement to direct their therapeutic aims and set the terms for service evaluation in the form of goals. I will show that goal-setting procedures are examples of a broader field of complex ethico-political dilemmas navigated by mental health service staff. While wanting to enable young people to be healthy agents, staff are simultaneously critically aware of the risk of imposing normative, unrealistic and unfair expectations onto young people. I propose that these staff are engaged in a specific form of ethico-political practice, which I call ‘nested ethics’. I use this term to describe instances where staff ethically evaluate their own conduct in line with the capacity to enable the ethical life of another person (youth, in this case). Viewing goal-setting processes as an example of an uneasy politics of nested ethics enables a new perspective from which to advance debates about the enablement of service user choice within care provisions.
​​Deserving Asylum​ and Becoming ‘Good’ Refugees in Madrid
Authors: Wagner Jacqueline Marie
Published: April 2023

Subject to constant and pervasive suspicion, asylum seekers in the global north often must expend great energy to assert their moral agency and be perceived as ‘good’ refugees who are not only worthy of being granted asylum but also capable of becoming ‘good’ citizens in the future. Navigating these difficult waters requires a keen awareness of what makes an individual ‘deserving’ of asylum in the local context as well as a distinct ability to balance different modes of presentation as required. Specifically, asylum seekers must be vulnerable enough to meet the requirements of refugee status, and yet also capable enough not to be perceived as a burden on society. In this Field Notes piece, I examine these negotiations within an international NGO that operates an official refugee and asylum seeker reception site in Madrid, Spain. Drawing upon ethnographic research conducted at this site, I argue that asylum seekers assert moral agency by demonstrating that they are ‘deserving’ of asylum within the local moral economy of deservingness.
“I’m Trapped Here”: Ethnography, Structural Violence, and Moral Injury
Authors: Ziv Tali R
Published: April 2023

In scenes of deep poverty and precarity, intimate relationships are shaped by the moral aftermath of a life of surviving scarcity. These moral histories are riddled with interpersonal harm, experiences of harming others and being seriously harmed oneself. As intimacy deepens, so does the prospect of harm, mistrust, and humiliation. These relational experiences can erode moral agency, or the sense that one is deserving of love and has the capacity to be seen as a ‘good’ person (Myers 2019; Blacksher 2002). Within the hermeneutic of moral injury—a concept largely defined by and elaborated in clinical settings—this Position Piece explores the messy relational life of scarcity in the context of conducting ethnography. Further, it examines the ethnographer’s responsibility to respond to such lives with an attention to moral injury and moral agency (Carpenter-Song 2019). This journey, guided by personal commitment, can lead to engagements that do not feel like care, yet are. This essay explores this reformulation of care as moral labour while concluding with the political stakes of this mode of intimate work.
Turning Cancer into Medicine: Storying Healing through Imagery
Authors: Fournier Cathy
Published: April 2023

This Photo Essay explores my experience with cancer and healing using Indigenous traditional medicines. I use Photo First Voice, a form of auto-ethnography, to story my ‘living’ experience with cancer, which includes getting in touch with and honouring my Indigenous roots (Algonquin/French) attending healing ceremonies, and becoming an Oshkaabewis (a healer’s helper) myself. I integrate photographic images into this essay to illustrate my experiences and to enhance the meaning of the words I have committed to these pages. Each image represents a different aspect or level of knowledge and healing. These images and text are followed by a discussion in which I weave fragments of experience together to narrate a living (inter)relationship with the earth, towards a more balanced whole. Indigenous medicines set in motion major changes in my life, which are fundamental to my ongoing healing. In this context, the term ‘medicine’ refers to Indigenous knowledges that contribute to healing, healing ceremonies, teachings, and plant medicines (mainly Ojibwe).
​​Epidemic States​: Reading China’s Mao-era Public Health after Zero-COVID
Authors: Fearnley Lyle
Published: April 2023

This Review essay discusses three recent historical works about Mao-era public health, dealing with mass vaccination, anti-parisitic disease campaigns, and cholera epidemic response. The review identifies two key themes that cross-cut these works: the importance of pharmaceutical technology within the Mao-era, despite common assumptions that science and technology were repressed or declined during this period; and how new administrative reforms that reordered Chinese society after the Communist Revolution intersected with public health governance. Tracing how Maoist forms of state governance emerged in and through the response to epidemic disease, the review essay suggests that we can also examine China’s COVID-19 response as a crucible for implementing new forms of governing.
Length based-stock assessment and Spawning Potential Ratio (LB-SPR) of exploited tilapia species (Coptodon zillii, Gervais, 1848) in Lake Volta, Ghana
Authors: AMPONSAH Samuel
Published: April 2023

Length based stock assessment parameters and LBSR of C. zillii in Lake Volta were investigated for the purpose of sustainable management. The lengths of 517 individuals were measured from the lake from January to December 2020 and analyzed using TropFishR. The von Bertalanffy parameters including asymptotic length (L∞), growth rate (K), and growth performance index (Φ) were estimated as 30.4 cm, 0.38 per year, and 2.73 respectively. Total mortality rate (Z), natural mortality rate (M) and fishing mortality rate (F) were 4.58 per year, 0.89 per year and 3.96 per year respectively. The exploitation rate (E) was highly above the exploitation rate at the maximum sustainable yield (Emax) which shows that the fishery of the stock is facing high unsustainable fishing pressure. Based on the findings of the study, it is recommended that fishing pressure be reduced and, mesh size regulation be strictly enforced to ensure sustainability of the stock.
O modo PSV apresenta piores desfechos em relação ao desmame quando comparado com outros modos ventilatórios de pacientes com exacerbação aguda da doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica: revisão sistemática
Authors: Alves Beatriz Boaventura de Carvalho , E Silva Cássio Magalhães da Silva
Published: April 2023

INTRODUÇÃO: A Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica (DPOC) é um distúrbio crônico e progressivo, que evolui com o declínio da função pulmonar. Embora sua cronicidade, são comuns períodos de agudização acompanhados de Insuficiência Respiratória Aguda hipercápnica, requisitando permanência nas Unidades de Terapia Intensiva (UTI) e Ventilação Mecânica Invasiva (VMI) para reversão da falência respiratória. O desmame na DPOC ocupa até 58% da VM, logo, se faz necessário estratégias específicas para otimização desse processo, com a utilização de modos e ajustes ventilatórios que promovam um desmame precoce e efetivo. OBJETIVO: Verificar os efeitos da Ventilação com Pressão de Suporte quando comparado com modos e estratégias distintas no desmame de pacientes com DPOC. MÉTODOS: Revisão sistemática, construída seguindo critérios do PRISMA, registrada na PROSPERO (CRD42022362228). Considerados elegíveis ensaios clínicos controlados randomizados que avaliaram o modo PSV em comparação com modos e estratégias distintas, em pacientes com diagnóstico de DPOC, em VMI, sem delimitação de ano/idioma. Foram excluídos artigos incompletos, duplicados e indisponíveis aos recursos de recuperação. Desfechos de interesse foram: duração do desmame, tempo de permanência na UTI e mortalidade. A estratégia foi aplicada nas bases: PubMed, Cochrane, SciELO, e Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde. As ferramentas Escala PEDro e RevMan Web foram utilizadas para análise da qualidade dos estudos e risco de viés, respectivamente. RESULTADOS: Incluídos 8 artigos. 6 mostraram significância estatística, apresentando menor tempo de desmame no grupo ASV (24 (20–62) h versus 72 (24–144) h PSV) (p=0,041); mais dias na UTI quando comparado com o modo PAV (p<0,001). PSV foi mais eficaz nos mesmos desfechos quando comparado com a estratégia Tubo-T. Houve diferenças quanto a taxa de mortalidade com o modo NAVA. CONCLUSÃO: Fica evidente que o modo PSV quando em relação a modos ventilatórios assistidos, tem potencial de fornecer piores desfechos associados ao processo de desmame da ventilação invasiva de pacientes com DPOC.
Developing a Scoring Credit Model Based on the Methodology of International Credit Rating Agencies
Authors: Астахова Алёна , Гришунин Сергей , Поморцев Геннадий
Published: April 2023

The purpose of this work is to examine the relationship of various financial and non-financial (qualitative) factors of performance of non-financial companies and their credit ratings.

We developed the scoring model which was based on the methodologies of international and Russian rating agencies. The modelled ratings of non-financial companies for 2018–2020 were compared with actual ratings assigned by the rating agencies and discrepancies were explained. The sample includes companies from retail, protein and agriculture, steel, oil and gas sectors from Russia, USA, Luxembourg, England, Canada, India, Ukraine and Brazil.

The paper proved that addition of business and environmental, social and governance factors improved the quality ofscoring models in comparison to those including only financial metrics. There are strong patterns in the resulting ratings of companies for some industries. Retail industry companies are associated with high sales indicators, while steel industry companies have high interest expenses coverage ratios. Oil and gas industry companies mostly show high results in reserves coefficients.

The study developed a credit rating forecasting tool that emulates the work of analysts of rating agencies and therefore has a high predictive power. The developed model can be used by financial market practitioners to predict the credit ratings of Russian companies in the face of the refusal of international rating agencies to rate Russian issuers.
Default Prediction Model for Emerging Capital Market Service Companies
Authors: Афанасьев Владислав
Published: April 2023

The author tested the hypothesis that default prediction based on financial data may be inapplicable to Russian service sector organizations by analyzing the differences in the accuracy of models based solely on financial data for service providers from Russia and developed European countries.

Logistic regression, Random Forest and K-nearest neighbors machine learning methods were used as modeling tools on a sample of 404 Russian firms and 304 firms from developed European countries.The results suggest that the prediction error is significantly higher in the case of Russian firms than in the case of firms from the control group (European service firms). Thus, the use of financial ratios for default prediction for service firms in Russia seems insufficient.

These findings can be used by organizations that provide credit scoring, and by any other market participants interested in the financial stability assessment of their counterparties.
Territorial Inequality Driven by Tourism: A Queer Mapping of Urban Space in Acapulco, Mexico
Authors: Payne William J.
Published: April 2023

Drawing on the life stories of nine LGBTTTIQ-identified people who have lived in Acapulco (Guerrero, Mexico), this article provides a queer mapping of this city, peripherally situated in the Global South yet with longstanding entangled transnational connections. The frame for this analysis is the concept of “territorial inequality,” a term coined by urbanism scholar Óscar Torres Arroyo, whose seminal work examined the emergence of this southern Mexican city as an urban space formed through a process of socioeconomic segregation driven by tourism. This article also responds to the call of queer urban scholars to look beyond the metropole for spaces of the political theorized on their own terms. In Acapulco, class, race, and nationality intersect with sexuality in ways that have made it a destination for some queers while also dangerous and unpredictable for others, a segregated sociopolitical space where norms of masculinity have collided with multiversal expressions of sexuality imbued with patterns of exploitation. A key destination during the 20th-century rise of international tourism and a place now securitized as “violent,” this urban space is also the site of evolving LGBTTTIQ movements, communities, and shifting patterns of queer life and queer tourism. This article reconsiders proposals made by queer theorists such as Lionel Cantú and Jasbir Puar regarding the complicated role of tourism in shaping sexualities, urbanization patterns, and state practices structured through colonial, neoliberal, and liberational processes, to theorize queer dimensions of the development of this city.
Conflicting Parameter Pair Optimization for Linear Aperiodic Antenna Array using Chebyshev Taper based Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Yenneti Laxmi Lavanya , Singam Aruna , Gottapu Sasibhushana Rao
Published: April 2023

In this study, the peak side lobe level (PSLL) in the radiation pattern of a linear antenna array (LAA) is lowered without affecting its first null beam width (FNBW). Antenna array synthesis is commonly applied to achieve high directivity, low side lobes, high gain and desired null positions in the output radiation pattern. But output parameters like PSLL, null positions and beam width conflict with each other, i.e. as one parameter improves, the other deteriorates. To avoid this problem, a multi-objective optimization algorithm can be implemented, in which both the conflicting parameters can be simultaneously optimized. This work proposes a multi-objective algorithm, which takes advantages of the well-known Chebyshev tapering and genetic algorithm (GA), to lower the PSLL without broadening the beam further. Array elements are fed using Chebyshev tapered excitations while GA is incorporated to optimize the elemental spacing. The results of 28-element LAA are compared with those of multi-objective Cauchy mutated cat swarm optimization (MO-CMCSO) existing in literature, which has also been proven to be superior to multi-objective cat swarm optimization (MO-CSO) and multi-objective particle swarm optimization (MO-PSO). Results indicate that the proposed algorithm performs better by further reducing the PSLL from -21.57 dB (MO-CMCSO) to -28.18 dB, while maintaining the same FNBW of 7.4 degrees.
A Hyper-parameter Tuning based Novel Model for Prediction of Software Maintainability
Authors: Yadav Rohit , Singh Raghuraj
Published: April 2023

Software maintainability is regarded as one of the most important characteristics of any software system. In today's digital world, the expanding significance of software maintenance is motivating the development of efficient software maintainability prediction (SMP) models using statistical and machine learning methods. This study proposes a hyper-parameter optimizable Software Maintainability Prediction (HPOSMP) model using the hybridized approach of data balancing and hyper-parameter optimization of Machine Learning (ML) approach using software maintainability datasets. The training dataset has been created with object-oriented software namely UIMS and QUES. To balance the dataset, Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique (SMOTE) technology has been adopted. Further, Decision Tree, Gaussian Naïve Bayes, K-Nearest neighbour, Logistic Regression, and Support Vector Machine are adopted as Machine Learning and Statistical Regression Techniques for training of software maintainability dataset. Results demonstrate that the proposed HPOSMP model gives better performance as compared to the base SMP models.
A Novel Machine Learning Framework for Tracing Covid Contact Details by Using Time Series Locational data & Prediction Techniques
Authors: Ravi C.N. , Yasmeen Yasmeen , Masthan Kaja , Tulasi Rajesh , Sriveni Duba , Shajahan P.
Published: April 2023

It is difficult to prevent the spread of new infections in densely populated areas because they spread at a faster rate. One of the most commonly used techniques for this type of scenario is contact tracing, which involves locating the infected character and his close contacts after he has been infected. This is one of the most recent and effective methods that the health authorities have supported. We can see Machine Learning strategies that require some region information to efficiently implement contact tracing. Contact tracing is used by local governments and health authorities to halt the spread of rapidly spreading diseases. It is one of the locally focused methods that work well when the number of cases is small. As a result, we can say that it can be or is primarily used in rapidly transmitted diseases and newly emerging infections. Using cluster-based region identifications, the utility of touch tracing is investigated using nearest neighbour approaches and absolute deterministic simulations (MLDBSCAN). Emerging or re-emerging infectious diseases like SARS, Ebola, Lassa fever, tuberculosis, and, most recently, COVID-19 require extremely effective prevention methods and strategies.
Assessment of Seismic Hazards in Underground Mine Operations using Machine Learning
Authors: Shende Priti , Vishal Ashok Wankhede , Limkar Suresh , D. Kokate Mahadeo , Lavate Santosh , Khedkar Ganesh
Published: April 2023

The most common causes of coal mining accidents are seismic hazard, fires, explosions, and landslips. These accidents are usually caused by various factors such as mechanical and technical failures, as well as social and economic factors. An analysis of these accidents can help identify the exact causes of these accidents and prevent them from happening in the future. There are also various seismic events that can occur in underground mines. These include rock bumps and tremors. These have been reported in different countries such as Australia, China, France, Germany, India, Russia, and Poland. Through the use of advanced seismological and seismic monitoring systems, we can now better understand the rock mass processes that can cause a seismic hazard. Unfortunately, despite the advancements, the accuracy of these methods is still not perfect. One of the main factors that prevent the development of effective seismic hazard prediction techniques is the complexity of the seismic processes. In order to carry out effective seismic risk assessment in mines, it is important that the discrimination of seismicity in different regions is carried out. The widespread use of machine learning in analyzing seismic data, it provides reliability and feasibility for preventing major mishaps. This paper provides uses various machine learning classifiers to predict seismic hazards.
Design and Simulation of Two Stage Wideband CMOS Amplifier in 90 NM Technology
Authors: C. S. Sajin , Kunju Nissan , Shahul Hameed T. A.
Published: April 2023

Design and simulation of 7 GHz CMOS wideband amplifier(CMOSWA) using a modified cascode circuit realized in  90-nm CMOS technology is presented here. The proposed system consists of two stages, namely a modified folded cascode and an inductively degenerated common source amplifier. The circuit is experimented with and without a feedback network. This work discusses the performance variation as a function of reactive components, and the initial stage results in 22 dB gain,2.6 GHz bandwidth, and 40GHz unity gain-bandwidth. The circuit without the feedback network exhibits 30.7dB gain,4.8GHz bandwidth(BW), and 10GHz unity-gain bandwidth(UGB). The reactive feedback network's inclusion helped to achieve 38.7 dB gain, 6.95GHz BW, 30GHz UGB, and 55o phase margin. The circuit consumes 1.4mW power from a 1.8V power supply. Simulation results of the proposed circuit are comparable and better than the reported wideband designs in the literature. Realization of our proposed circuit would add value to the area of wideband amplifier design.
A Quantitative Evaluation for Usability under Software Quality Models
Authors: Yoon Hoijin
Published: April 2023

Usability evaluation in Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) is done by observing the user's behaviors and reactions while performing a given task. The observers examine users' behaviors while doing assigned tasks and describe their observations in terms of usability. The usability evaluation would depend on the observers' ability or experience. It proceeds qualitatively. We propose a quantitative evaluation, which adopts attributes and metrics from System and Software Quality Requirement and Evaluation(SQuaRE) published by International Standard Organization (ISO). Furthermore, we examine qualitative observations conducted in usability testing and apply our method to make it a quantitative evaluation.
COVID -19 Predictions using Transfer Learning based Deep Learning Model with Medical Internet of Things
Authors: M Angulakshmi , M Deepa , M Anand , M Vanitha , I Sumaiya Thaseen , P Karthikeyan
Published: April 2023

Early detection of COVID-19 may help medical expert for proper treatment plan and infection control. Internet of Things (IoT) has vital improvement in many areas including medical field. Deep learning also provide tremendous improvement in the field of medical. We have proposed a Transfer learning based deep learning model with medical Internet of Things for predicting COVID-19 from X-ray images. In the proposed method, the X ray images of patient are stored in cloud storage using internet for wide access. Then, the images are retrieved from cloud and Transfer learning based deep learning models namely VGG-16, Inception, Alexnet, Googlenet and Convolution neural Network models are applied on the X-rays images for predicting COVID 19, Normal and pneumonia classes. The pre-trained models helps to the effectiveness of deep learning accuracy and reduced the training time. The experimental analysis show that VGG -16 model gives accuracy of 99% for detecting COVID19 than other models.
Experimental Study based on the Implementation of a Regulatory Framework for the Improvement of Cyber Resilience in SMEs
Authors: Rodriguez-Baca Liset S. , Allagi Shridhar , Larrea-Serquen Rosa , Cruzado Carlos F. , Diaz Mitchell Alarcon , Garcia-Hernández Sandra , Monteiro Julio Daza
Published: April 2023

Currently, applying regulations oriented to cybersecurity, cyber resilience is relevant to face the high rates of cyberattacks, which have caused an interruption in the operational processes of organizations, generating an economic loss, and affecting the continuity of their business processes on the web. In this scenario, small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are the most affected due to their weak technological infrastructure. Given this, this experimental study was developed to implement a regulatory framework for the improvement of cyber resilience; the criteria anticipate, resist, recover and evolve presented significant statistical values of improvement after the application of the experiment. This research contributes to counteract the refusal to use information technologies for business development; Improvement actions were carried out to face threats and computer vulnerabilities to which organizations are exposed when carrying out operations in cyberspace.
Design and Analysis of Multiplexer based Approximate Adder for Low Power Applications
Authors: Eamani Ramakrishna Reddy , Kumar N. Vinodh
Published: April 2023

Low power consumption is crucial for error-acceptable multimedia devices, with picture compression approaches leveraging various digital processing architectures and algorithms. Humans can assemble useful information from partially inaccurate outputs in many multimedia applications. As a result, producing exact outputs is not required. The demand for an exact outcome is fading because new innovative systems are forgiving of faults. In the domain where error-tolerance is accepted, approximate computing is a new paradigm that relaxes the requirement for an accurate modeling while offering power, time, and delay benefits. Adders are an essential arithmetic module for regulating power and memory usage in digital systems. The recent implementation and use of approximate adders have been supported by trade-off characteristics such as delay, lower power consumption. This study examines the delay and power consumption of conventional and approximate adders. Also, a simple, fast, and power-efficient multiplexer-based approximate adder is proposed, and its performance outperforms the adders compared with existing adders. The proposed adder can be utilized in error-tolerant and various digital signal processing applications where exact results are not required. The proposed and existing adders are designed using EDA software for the performance calculations. With a delay of 81 pS, the proposed adder circuit reduces power consumption compared to the exact one. The experiment shows that the designed approximate adder can be used to implement circuits for image processing systems because it has a smaller delay and uses less energy.
Effect of Capital Inflows on Financial Development: The Case of Bangladesh
Authors: Ahmed Imtiaz , Seikdear Sahabuddin Ahmed , Khatun Ratna
Published: April 2023

This study examines the effect of capital inflow components' on Bangladesh's financial development. The analysis applied the Autoregressive Distributive Lag (ARDL) model to reveal short-run and long-run associations by utilizing monthly data from January 2011 to December 2021. The study appoints two proxy variables: bank credit to GDP and bank deposit to GDP to address financial development. Findings of the analysis demonstrated that FDI and remittance inflow don't exhibit a significant relationship with financial development in the long run. However, foreign aid established a nexus with the financial progress of Bangladesh. The study recommends enacting policies to keep capital inflows under Bangladesh's financial system by repatriating foreign investors' profits and lessening remittance costs by facilitating and modernizing remittance management.
Role of Health Education in Promoting Knowledge, to-wards Personal Hygiene Among Primary School Pupils in Umbada locality, Khartoum State, Sudan (2018 - 2020)
Authors: Essa Mariam Saeed Ibrahim , Yousif Magda Elhadi Ahmed , Abdalmagid M.A.
Published: April 2023

Background: Personal hygiene is the behaviors that must be practiced in daily life, starting from morning to sleep time to protect our health.

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the role of health education in promoting knowledge of personal hygiene among Primary School Pupils in Umbada locality, Khartoum State Sudan (2018 - 2020)

Materials and methods:  The study design an observational interventional study was conducted where a pre and post- assessment was done. Pre-test and post-test was used to determine the practices of hygiene among primary school Pupils in some selected schools of Umbada locality al emir unit. The targeted population was primary school Pupils in Government schools only.   The study populations were the pupils in the Primary public schools with a total number of 37850 Pupils (grade 5, grade 6 and grade7) distributed among 180 public primary schools in the locality. The sample size   consisted of (800) pupils during the period of the study.  A pre and post- questionnaire was carefully prepared, tested and directed to the pupils . It covers pupil’s age, sex, and the classroom. , source of water supply and latrine in the house there, and to obtain data regarding knowledge, attitude, and practices (as regards personal hygiene in both pre and post-intervention phases.  Data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences SPSS Computer Program Version (19.0). 

Results:  The study revealed that the overall knowledge of pupils about personal hygiene was increase from 38.7% to 61.3% after intervention of health education packages.

Conclusion:   Due to gaps in many items of knowledge, attitude and practice regarding personal hygiene, there is need of  the proper health education intervention through framework of schools to the school children, for improvement regarding personal hygiene among them, throughout the nation. Health education has significant role in promoting knowledge of school pupils regarding personal hygiene.
Evaluation of Early Postoperative Outcome of Success of Repair of One Stage Repair of Bladder Exstrophy
Authors: Mariam Rushdah
Published: April 2023

Bladder exstrophy is a rare congenital anomaly of the genitourinary tract producing ventral abdominal wall defect. Previously; it was operated by a multi-stage procedure. In the course of time, the repair of bladder exstrophy has evolved from a staged repair to a one-stage reconstruction with encouraging   results in different countries. One-stage repair of bladder exstrophy is being practiced since 2007 in BSMMU. So; this study was conducted on one-stage repair of bladder exstrophy to observe early possible outcomes.

Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted at BSMMU on ten postoperative cases of Classic bladder Exstrophy who underwent one-stage repair from September 2018 to October 2021.

Results: Results show that 10% of the subjects developed wound dehiscence. The mean hospital stay was 18.9 days.

Conclusion: From the results found in this study, one-stage repair of bladder exstrophy achieved success in bladder, and abdominal wall reconstruction, as evidenced by the rate of wound dehiscence is comparably similar. Moreover, one-stage of repair of bladder exstrophy appears to be better enough for broader practice. One-stage reconstruction minimizes the number of surgical procedures required to achieve the treatment goals, including normal genital cosmesis and safe postoperative outcome.
Corporate Restructuring
Authors: Ojha Anil , Bairagi Sumit
Published: April 2023

Corporate Restructuring has become a major component in the financial and economic environment all over the world. It is the process of redesigning one or more aspects of a company. The process of reorganizing a company may be implemented due to a number of different factors, like positioning the company to be more competitive, survive a currently adverse economic climate, or poise the corporation to move in an entirely new direction and many more. Corporate restructuring is needed to counter challenges in competitive business environment. Most of the organizations carry out corporate restructuring as per the need of the business. Some do it through mergers, acquisitions, and some by demergers as well; while some others make structural changes and carry out resource optimization in the organization. This paper analyses the success rate of corporate restructuring programme in India. It also tries to understand the implication of corporate restructuring programme with the help of a case study. The present paper is mainly based on secondary data. The paper makes use of SPSS 16 and MS-excel for data Analysis
Seed system of tef [Eragrostis tef (Zucc.) Trotter] In East Gojjam Zone, Ethiopia
Authors: Anteneh Melkam , Mekbib Firew
Published: April 2023

This research was initiated to document Seed System on tef [Eragrostis tef (Zucc.)Trotter]; specifically, quantify the relative importance of formal and farmer tef seed system. A total of 100 sample households drawn from four PAs of the two districts were interviewed using structured interview schedule. Qualitative data were also collected using group discussion among selected tef growers and extension development agents who were working in the respective PAs. The use of appropriate technologies like fertilizer, improved seed, weeding and/or herbicide application with the recommended rate and time helped to increase productivity. Dissemination of improved varieties to farmers is limited. The informal seed system should prioritize improving seed quality by increasing awareness and skills of farmers, improving seed quality of early generations and market access. In conclusion, to enhance tef productivity in east Gojjam zone through supply of improved varieties and quality seed it is important to integrate formal and farmer (informal) seed system.
Reimaging Educational Management and Leadership: Trajectories From The Prison Environment
Authors: Twani Zoliswa
Published: April 2023

The article makes a claim that educational management and leadership in the musical arts discipline generally extend beyond the boundaries of formal education institutions to include and embrace other music education endeavours in other settings of both the young and old, even offenders. Within this space I present some of the encounters with the participants of the music participatory action research (MPAR) in one of the prisons in the Mthatha Medium Correctional Centre (MMCC) in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. I draw from Michel Foucault’s philosophical theory of governing or governmentality to gain a better understanding of the potential of Foucauldian ideas in analysing educational practices and processes and the wider strategies and techniques of panopticism in the prison environment of how offenders in constructing their new identities as lifelong learners, leaders and managers committed to reconstructing their identities as rehabilitated citizens and artists. I further look at the nature of the collaboration between the community groups to argue for the significance of dialogical interactions among participants for effective reconceptualisation and construction of new identities of offenders as artistic leaders and managers ready for integration into the society. Findings revealed that offenders involved in music activities in prison, although they are not completely panoptic-free, are nevertheless panoptic-conscious, or what I call ‘panoptic-wise’. They are free to participate in music activities and perform to the very people they are subjected to, thus, subverting the authoritarian, panoptic gaze into the gaze of an audience.
Beyond the Cedis: Migration and Reproductive health among female potters in Accra
Authors: Shamsu-Deen Ziblim , Al hassan Musah
Published: April 2023

The study presents the working and living conditions that female migrants who migrate from the north to the southern part of the Ghana are going through at their destinations in the commercial cities and how it impacts on their reproductive health. Female porters popularly known as "kayayei" are young girls, mostly in their reproductive ages who migrate from rural communities in the north to the commercial cities in south. During the last few decades, out-migration of young girls to the commercial cities in Ghana to work as head porters has increased several fold creating streams of problems to both the migrants and the host population. In many ways the health implication of the female porters has been overlooked, less explored and exacerbated by lack of policies to make the migration of the female porters a healthy and socially productive process. The study utilizes both primary and secondary data. Primary data were obtained through questionnaire administration, direct observation and key informant interviews. 400 questionnaires were administered purposively to 400 female porters while the secondary data were obtained from review of related literature. Data collected was analysed using descriptive statistics. Results revealed that the porters have no shelter and are exposed to rapists; it also found out that some porters exchange sex for shelter which exposed them to STDs. The study also revealed that abortion rate among respondents were high, contraceptives use and practice among respondents were very low.
Feed utilization, digestibility and carcass parameters of Tigray highland sheep fed wheat straw supplemented with mixtures of wheat bran and cotton seed cake, in Tigray, Ethiopia
Authors: Yirdaw Michael , Tesfay Yaynishet
Published: April 2023

The experiment was carried out at Mekelle University livestock farm, Tigray, Ethiopia. Twenty four male yearling Highland sheep with an average live weight of 162.4kg (mean  standard deviation) were used in the experiment. The objective of the study was to investigate the effect of concentrate supplementation with mixtures of wheat bran (75%) and cotton seed cake (25%) on performance of highland sheep. The experimental design was a randomized complete Block design (RCBD) with four treatments and six replications. The experiment was carried out for 90 days after 21 days of feed adaptation period. At the end of the feeding trial digestibility trial was carried out for seven consecutive days followed by evaluation of carcass parameters. There was significantly higher (P<0.05) total DM intake in the supplemented group than the control treatment. Similarly, there was a significant difference (P<0.05) among all treatments in CP intake due to the increased level of supplementation. Digestibility of DM, OM and CP were also significantly higher (P<0.05) for rams supplemented with the higher level of concentrate mixture than the control treatment. The feed conversion efficiency was significantly (P<0.05) higher for the high level of supplement as compared to the other treatments. The mean values of slaughter weight, empty body weight and rib-eye area were significantly (P<0.05) higher for the 200 and 250 g/d supplemented treatments than the control Generally the present study indicated that supplementation of Tigray highland rams with concentrate mixture had an effect on performance of sheep and the effects were relatively more pronounced on rams supplemented with the highest level of concentrate mixture. Therefore, supplementation of WS with 250g DM concentrate mixture is biologically more efficient.
The United Nation’s Responsibility to Protect Civilians from Massive Human Rights Violations in Light of the Intervention in the Libyan Crisis in 2011
Authors: Feleke Nuruye Beyan
Published: April 2023

The international community was criticized when it decided to intervene, as in Somalia, Bosnia and Kosovo, and when it did not intervene as in Rwanda. It was against this background that Kofi Annan argued, in September 1999, in the defense of the individual sovereignty over state sovereignty. He asked, â€˜if humanitarian intervention is an unacceptable attack on sovereignty, how can we respond to cases as Rwanda or Srebrenica?â€™In this sense, with the recovery of Francis Dengâ€™s 1996 â€œsovereignty as responsibilityâ€ concept, it would be possible to abrogate the categorical imperative of traditional sovereignty, allowing the international community to intervene when the state fails in its responsibility to protect its people against genocide, ethnic cleansing, crimes of war and against humanity.The study looks at the creation, development and eventual adoption of the â€˜responsibility to protectâ€™ (R2P) norm, from an idea promulgated in the 1990sto the development of the norm, and to the eventual adoption of a heavily restricted yet poignant principle at the 2005 World Summit. There is considerable debate over the status and scope of the Responsibility to Protect. On balance, most observers and states believe that it remains a political commitment and has not yet acquired legal force.The purpose of this study is to critically examine the UNâ€™s responsibility to protect civilians in light of the intervention in the 2011 Libyan crisis. The responsibility to protect has been central in the discussion of how to deal with the Arab spring revolts that gave rise to civil war in Libya. In Libya, with the help of an UN authorized NATO intervention, the Gaddafi authoritarian regime ended and the former rebel forces are now leading the transitional process. Taking in to account the events in Libya, many have questioned whether the concept of R2P was used not only to protect civilians, but also to fulfill a desire, from the beginning of the mission, for regime change. However, the study argued that it was very difficult to enforce the very intents and objectives of Resolution 1973, because it was obvious enough that Gaddafi was prepared to continue to slaughter his people in a civil war to retain power. Thus, even if some argued that the NATO intervention in Libya acted beyond Resolution 1973, nevertheless, the study strongly argued that the intervening forces have indeed stopped Gaddafi from marching on Benghazi and saved thousands of lives.
Animal Health Governance And Services: A Case Of Pastoralists In Ngorongoro District, Tanzania
Authors: Kitandu Luther Zablon
Published: April 2023

While good governance has been on the development agenda, animal health governance issues have remained relatively neglected in the debate on animal health services. This has resulted in inadequate public and private sector investment in animal health services in pastoral remote areas. The study had three specific objectives: to assess animal health governance, to analyse animal health services, and to determine governance related factors affecting animal health services. The study was conducted in Ngorongoro District, Arusha Region, Tanzania. A cross-sectional research design was used in this study. A structured questionnaire with open and close-ended questions was administered. Purposive sampling procedure was used to select the district, three wards and three villages. A sample size of 125 respondents was drawn from three villages by using simple stratified sampling procedure. Data were analysed by the use of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). Descriptive statistics were computed to assess animal health governance. Frequencies, percentages and cross- tabulation were used to analyse animal health services. The findings showed there was a weak chain of command within the animal health governance structure. The findings also revealed poor availability of animal health services in pastoral areas. Research findings showed significant association between governance and animal health services Ï‡2 = 6.085 (p < 0.05). There was significant differences in the mortality of livestock where governance factors held differently (T-test = 50.230, P < 0.05). This study recommends a need to improve animal health governance, supportive institutional and legal frameworks in order to improve animal health services in pastoral areas.
Examen De Conocimiento Del Área De Relaciones Internacionales, Enero – Marzo 2012
Authors: Ceruzzi Carlos Martínez
Published: April 2023

Nro. 3.- “Analice la evolución, desarrollo y cambios ocurridos en los sistemas internacionales históricos partiendo desde el antiguo sistema internacional de Balanza de Poder hasta la actualidad, compare sus estructuras de funcionamiento y las reglas de comportamiento internacional que supone. Explique cuales son los fundamentos teóricos que explican dichos sistemas.”
Student choices of choosing colleges and course of study in Penang
Authors: Khoo Kristina , Ban Teoh Kok , Neng Chow Yong , Hooi Beh Kok , Joan Chong Yee
Published: April 2023

A preliminary survey is conducted to identify student choices of choosing colleges and course of study in Penang. The methodology used in the study is convenience sampling, and feedback from the survey indicates that parents are the most important or influential people, apart from friends, relatives and counsellors. Educational marketers should utilise the preliminary findings of the study to produce appropriate marketing strategies to promote their products and services.
Evidence of Contraception use among the Madrasha Teachers in a Selected Area of Dhaka City
Authors: Tania Fatema , Sultana Nasrin
Published: April 2023

The population of Bangladesh is increasing in an alarming rate. To control this alarming population contraception use is essential. But contraception use depends on literacy, income, religion, cultural norms and surrounding environment. Most of the Bangladeshi people are illiterate and religious minded. Especially madrasha teachers have wrong notion to use contraception. This study aim to investigate the level of knowledge and the use of contraception among the madrasha teachers in a selected area of Mirpur in Dhaka city. It is a cross sectional study and a total number of 103 male teachers in selected madrasha were interviewed for conducting the research. This study finding shows that 45.63 % respondents age were between 40-47 years, Mean age was 47 years of respondents and S.D is ±8.935, Monthly income of the respondents (51.46%) were in between 6,000-9,000 taka, 58% of respondents family member were 4-6. 28.2% of the respondents has got the information about contraception method from TV, About 70.9% of the madrasha teacher had told that they use any type of contraception method, 74% had good knowledge about contraception method, 60.3% of them had told that they have faced economical problem to use, Among 73 respondents, 81% of them use the method as temporary and 19% of them use it as a permanently method. Among 73 respondents, 41.1% of them had told that they are satisfied by use of contraceptive method. Madrasha teachers are informing about contraception, but they have lack of proper knowledge and economic problem to use different methods.