bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Scoping Literature Review on Compassion-Focused Therapy for Individuals with Intellectual Disability
Authors:   Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Van der Boechorststraat 7, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Willems Lucia D. , Vacaru Stefania V. ,   Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, Nijmegen, The Netherlands, Hokke Hannelies ,   Bartiméus, Oude Arnhemse Bovenweg 3, Doorn, The Netherlands, Sterkenburg Paula S. ,   Bartiméus, Oude Arnhemse Bovenweg 3, Doorn, The Netherlands
Published: August 2022

Individuals with intellectual disabilities (ID) are at a higher risk of shame and self-criticism and tend to make downward social comparisons. Compassion-focused therapy (CFT) is commonly used to address these issues in the general population, however, information on the adaptability and effectiveness of CFT for individuals with ID is limited. Thus, we conducted a scoping review of studies on CFT for individuals with ID, to accumulate and consolidate the information and provide a basis for future studies to further develop, alter, and implement CFT for individuals with ID. To conduct this review, we searched eight databases and included descriptive studies, reviews, and empirical peer-reviewed English and Dutch studies. We focused on ID and also included concurrent visual and intellectual disabilities, compassion-focused therapy, compassion, shame, self-criticism, and social comparison. Seven articles were included in the review. We found that CFT can be adapted for individuals with ID and can effectively reduce self-criticism and downwards social comparison. Thus, CFT can promote the well-being of individuals with ID. However, the methodologies of these studies had several limitations, for example, the lack of standardized instruments or protocols for individual or group therapy. While CFT is adaptable and clinically relevant for individuals with ID, its limitations need to be addressed in future studies. In this review, we highlighted and elaborated on the limitations of the research conducted and provided suggestions for the next steps in the field. We provided an overview of the current studies on CFT and ID and highlighted their positive therapeutic effects. Future studies should design robust protocols through collaborations between clinicians and researchers to provide clients with appropriate support and determine the clinical and statistical significance of CFT.
Environmental Scan of Existing eHealth Solutions for Older Adults living with Neurocognitive Disorders (Mild and Major) or Dementia and their Informal Caregivers: Protocol (Preprint)
Authors: Jose Ambily , Sasseville Maxime , Dequanter Samantha , Gorus Ellen , Giguère Anik , Bourbonnais Anne , Abbasgholizadeh Rahimi Samira , Buyl Ronald , Gagnon Marie-Pierre
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUND

Dementia is one of the main public health priorities for current and future societies worldwide. Over the past years, eHealth solutions have added numerous promising solutions to enhance the health and wellness of people living with dementia-related cognitive problems, and their primary caregivers. Previous studies show that an environmental scan identifies the knowledge-to-action gap meaningfully. This paper presents the protocol of an environmental scan to monitor the currently available eHealth solutions targeting dementia and other neurocognitive disorders against selected attributes.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to identify the characteristics of currently available eHealth solutions recommended for older adults with cognitive problems and their informal caregivers. To inform recommendations regarding eHealth solutions for these people, it is important to get a comprehensive view of currently available technologies and document their outcomes and conditions of success.

METHODS

We will perform an environmental scan of available eHealth solutions for older adults with cognitive impairment or dementia and their informal caregivers. Potential solutions will be initially identified from a previous systematic review. We will also conduct targeted searches for grey literature on Google and specialized websites covering the regions of Canada and Europe.

RESULTS

Technological tools will be scanned based on a preformatted extraction grid. We will assess their relevance and efficiency based on selected attributes. We will then prioritize relevant solutions based on the needs and preferences identified from a qualitative study among older adults with cognitive impairment or dementia and their informal caregivers.

CONCLUSIONS

This environmental scan will identify eHealth solutions that are currently available and scientifically appraised for older adults with cognitive impairment or dementia and their informal caregivers. This knowledge will inform the development of a decision support tool to assist older adults and their informal caregivers in their search for adequate eHealth solutions according to their needs and preferences, based on trustable information.
A text network analysis of global literature on self-management of low back pain (Preprint)
Authors: Park Jinkyung , Noh Wonjung , Kim Kyounghae
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUND

The growth of low back pain (LBP) self-management literature requires assessing evidence by adopting macro perspectives to identify future directions.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to examine the trends and relationships among essential concepts in LBP self-management literature and unfold schematic diagrams of such relationships.

METHODS

A quantitative content analysis of publications on self-management of low back pain using text network analysis. Based on extensive searches of PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases concerning LBP self-management, we examined keywords utilizing the Text Rank Analyzer through an applied text network analysis with NetMiner 4.3.3.

RESULTS

A total of 3,163 articles were published from 1977 to June 2021. Global literature has expanded from the existence to the growth phase. In the knowledge structure, the keywords “pain,” “patient,” “LBP,” “therapy,” and “program” were highly networked to other keywords and produced respective groups. “Self-management,” the 7th highest centrality keyword, did not formulate a group. The results from topic modeling included clinical management and intervention research involving medication and surgical treatment to mitigate physical and mental health comorbidities and potential complications from work-related diseases. Variations occurred in the literature volume by the country’s income level: six in low- and 2,994 in high-income countries.

CONCLUSIONS

Self-management began being considered critical in a range of LBP management. However, limited research existed on psychosocial factors associated with LBP and its biological components and how these factors can be utilized in self-management. Besides research reflecting clinical practice in low-income countries, theory-based research involving pain-specific factors and self-regulation is required. Our findings will raise healthcare professionals’ awareness of the importance of self-management, thus hopefully leading to system-level LBP management strategies.

CLINICALTRIAL

Not applicable
Effects of nano guano, nano phosphate rock, and SP-36 fertilizers on maize growth and phosphorus uptake in inceptisol
Authors: Herlina Nia , Utami Sri Nuryani Hidayah , Wulandari Cahyo
Published: August 2022

Nanotechnology fertilizers are fertilizers associated with objects measuring 1 nm to 100 nm capable of controlling or manipulating at an atomic scale. Phosphorus is one of the essential nutrients needed by plants in large amounts. Maize is a strategic commodity requiring optimal nutrients. Inceptisol is soil that has relatively low fertility and chemical properties. The addition of P nutrients to the soil plays an important role in improving soil quality. This study aimed to compare the types of P fertilizers of nano guano, nano phosphate rock, and SP-36 with various doses of P2O5 and determine the most effective type. This research was arranged in a completely randomized design (CRD) with two factors. The first factor is the type of fertilizer, consisting of nano guano, nano phosphate rock, and SP-36. The second factor is the dose of P2O5 with four treatment levels, namely 0 kg.ha-1, 50 kg.ha-1, 100 kg.ha-1, and 150 kg.ha-1. The results showed that nano phosphate rock was the most effective fertilizer for maize in Inceptisol. The optimum dose of P fertilizer was 100 kg.ha-1, which was able to produce the highest plant height (215.67 cm) and phosphorus uptake (0.4765 g/plant).
Effect of Music in Reducing Pain during Hemodialysis Access Cannulation
Authors: Inayama Emi , Yamada Yosuke , Kishida Masatsugu , Kitamura Mineaki , Nishino Tomoya , Ota Keiko , Takahashi Kanae , Shintani Ayumi , Ikenoue Tatsuyoshi
Published: August 2022

Background and objectives

Pain during cannulation for vascular access is a considerable problem for patients with kidney disease who are undergoing hemodialysis. We examined whether listening to music can reduce cannulation pain in these patients.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements

We conducted a multicenter, single-blind, crossover, randomized trial of 121 patients who reported pain during cannulation for hemodialysis. We compared participants listening to “Sonata for Two Pianos in D Major, K.448” or white noise as control while undergoing the cannulation procedure. The cannulation operator was blinded to the intervention, and the hypothesized superiority of music over white noise was concealed during explanations to the participants. The primary end point was the visual analog scale score for cannulation pain independently evaluated by participants.

Results

The primary analysis was on the basis of the modified intention-to-treat principle. The median baseline visual analog scale pain score was 24.7 mm (interquartile range, 16.5–42.3). Median change of the visual analog scale pain score from the “no sound” to the music period was −2.7 mm (interquartile range, −9.2 to 3.6), whereas it was −0.3 mm (interquartile range, −5.8 to 4.5) from “no sound” to white noise. The visual analog scale pain score decreased when listening to music compared with white noise. (Adjusted difference of visual analog scale pain score: −12%; 95% confidence interval, −21 to −2; P=0.02.) There were no significant differences in the secondary outcomes of anxiety, BP, or stress assessed by salivary amylase (adjusted difference of visual analog scale anxiety score −8%, 95% confidence interval, −18 to 4; P=0.17). No intervention-related adverse events were reported.

Conclusions

Listening to music reduced cannulation pain in patients on hemodialysis, although there was no significant effect on anxiety, BP, or stress markers.
Role of Institutions in Economic Development of China
Authors: Fan Guangkuo , Zainal Assoc. Prof. Dr. Siti Rohaida Mohamed
Published: August 2022

The study has depicted the role of institutions in the economic development of China, and this leads to the elements of development in organizations. Moreover, there are various educational institutions in China that are mainly focused on the main keys to economic development. Apart from this, several top-class universities such as: Tsinghua University, Peking University and Nanjing University are providing the best education for better development of the economic systems.  This study has also depicted the graphical representation of the role of institutional development from 2018 to 2022 within the Fiscal year. Various instructions have inspired economic development in China. Moreover, the researcher has stated the proper hypothesis for better and scientific measurement of the study.The literature review chapter has described various themes for aligning the topic along with Two-wheel drive, Keynesian economics theory and Marxian theory for better understanding of the study. Theoretical underpinning is also be understood with development of conceptual framework after the entire description. The methodology chapter has been described with proper elements such as positivism philosophy, deductive research approach, descriptive research design and also mixed, method of research method. This chapter has given the advantage to determine the main survey method, which is simple random sampling, within which the entire data collection has been done. On the other hand, secondary qualitative data has been collected from the authentic articles. Moreover, the recommendation has depicted a clear idea of a better educational system for economic development in China.
Isolation, Identification and Characterization of Keratin-Degrading Streptomyces rochei AM8
Authors: Alamoudi Soha A. , Khalel Ashjan F. , Alghamdi Meshal A. , Alshehri Wafa A. , Alsubeihi Ghadeer K. , Alsolmy Soha A. , Hakeem Moayad A.
Published: August 2022

Keratinolytic microorganisms are highly valuable for decomposition of poultry waste. This study aimed to isolate keratin-decomposing actinobacteria from poultry farm soils and examine their capacity to decompose feathers. Soil samples were placed in a basal medium with feather meal, which is a deposit of carbon and nitrogen. Nine actinobacterial strains were isolated. Actinobacteria were cultured in the media to show clear feather-decomposing potential. Actinobacterial strains were identified using 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) sequencing as being related to Streptomyces rochei AM8. Thus, the supernatant of S. rochei AM8 exhibited keratinolytic enzyme activity. Increased biodecomposition of feathers was recorded in a keratinase assay (0.782 U/mL) for separated cultures. The ability of the selected microorganisms to decompose feathers may be an effective biotechnological solution for managing feather waste from poultry.
Juxtaposing Sampling Techniques for Credit Card Fraud Detection
Authors: Ringshia Aryan , Desai Neil , Tawde Prachi
Published: August 2022

Abstract: Dealing with the class imbalance issue in the data is a big problem when creating fraud detection systems since valid transactions exceed fraudulent transactions by a large degree. Fraudulent transactions generally make up less than 1% of all transactions. This is a crucial field of research because it can be challenging to discern between a positive instance (a fraudulent case), and it gets tougher when more data are collected and a smaller percentage of such cases are represented. Eight distinct sampling techniques and two classifiers were used in this investigation, and the results of each methodology are reported. The results of this study point to favourable outcomes for sampling methods based on SMOTE. The best F1 score score obtained was with SMOTE sampling strategy on Random Forest classifier at 0.867.
Superfluid drag between excitonic polaritons and superconducting electron gas
Authors: Aminov Azat F. , Sokolik Alexey A. , Lozovik Yurii E.
Published: August 2022

The Andreev-Bashkin effect, or superfluid drag, is predicted in a system of Bose-condensed excitonic polaritons in optical microcavity coupled by electron-exciton interaction with a superconducting layer. Two possible setups with spatially indirect dipole excitons or direct excitons are considered. The drag density characterizing a magnitude of this effect is found by many-body calculations with taking into account dynamical screening of electron-exciton interaction. For the superconducting electronic layer, we assume the recently proposed polaritonic mechanism of Cooper pairing, although the preexisting thin-film superconductor should also demonstrate the effect. According to our calculations, the drag density can reach considerable values in realistic conditions, with excitonic and electronic layers made from GaAs-based quantum wells or two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides. The predicted nondissipative drag could be strong enough to be observable as induction of a supercurrent in the electronic layer by a flow of polariton Bose condensate.
The Carcass Evaluation of Super Native Chicken that Giving Tumeric Flour (Curcuma domestica Val.)
Authors: Dunggio Alan , Datau Fahia , Dako Safriyanto , Handayani Sayekti
Published: August 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian tepung kunyit (Curcuma domestica Val.) dalam ransum terhadap persentase karkas ayam kampung super. Penelitian ini menggunakan 80 ekor ayam kampung super yang ditempatkan pada 20 unit kandang dengan masing-masing kandang diisi 4ekor. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu metode rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan 4 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Perlakuan yang dicobakan pada penelitian ini yaitu A0( tanpa tepung kunyit atau kontrol), A1 (tepung kunyit 2%), A2 (tepung kunyit 4%), dan A3 (tepung kunyit 6%). Variabel yang diamati adalah bobot hidup, bobot karkas, dan persentase karkas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pemberian tepung kunyit (Curcuma domestica Val) tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap bobot hidup, bobot karkas, dan persentase karkas ayam kampung super. Pemberian tepung kunyit sampai level 6% dapat di gunakan dalam ransum, namun  tidak mempengaruhi bobot hidup, bobot karkas, dan persentase karkas.
Use of Fermented Hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) as Feed Material on the Growth of Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Seed
Authors: Hasmirayanti  , Putra Aswad Eka , Widiastuti Irawati Mei
Published: August 2022

Eceng gondok (Eichhornia crassipes) sebagai pakan alternatif memiliki kadar mineral dan kandungan protein yang cukup tinggi yaitu 9,8–12,0 %, abu 11,9–23,9 %, lemak kasar 1,1–3,3 %. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui penggunaan eceng gondok yang difermentasi menggunakan EM-4 dalam pakan terhadap pertumbuhan benih ikan nila (Oreochromis niloticus). Perlakuan yang diujikan adalah tepung eceng gondok terfermentasi dengan dosis perlakuan A=30%, B=40%, C=50%. Data hasil pengamatan diolah menggunakan program software Ms Excel 2010, Minitab 16. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan dosis terbaik dari tepung eceng gondok terfermentasi sebanyak 40% pada bahan baku pakan merupakan perlakuan yang terbaik dan menghasilkan pertumbuhan bobot mutlak sebesar 3,32 g dan rasio konversi pakan sebesar 0,41. Penggunaan eceng gondok (Eichhornia crassipes) terfermentasi sebagai bahan baku pakan berpengaruh nyata terhadap pertumbuhan bobot mutlak benih ikan nila dan tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap rasio konversi pakan (FCR) serta memberikan hasil kelangsungan hidup berkisar antara 50-52%. Hal ini masih tergolong baik bagi kelangsungan hidup benih ikan nila.
In Vitro proliferation of Petunia hybrida Vilm; Worldwide Important Ornamental Plant
Authors: Firdous Qudsia , Khan Farah , Ahmad Mohammad
Published: August 2022

This project tries to artificially grow one of the most ornamentally
significant Petunia hybrida when it is out of season. Murashige and
Skoog Basal Medium (MS Basal Medium) was used for in vitro growth of P.
hybrida, supplemented with different Plant Growth Regulators (PGRs).
Various physical and chemical factors on in vitro growth of P. hybrida
using different explants were analyzed. The type of auxin that proved
significant for somatic embryogenesis of P. hybrida Vilm was
2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2.0 mg/L) using the leaf as explant
under controlled environmental conditions, i.e., 92% at 23oC with a 5.8
pH and 16 hours photoperiod & 30g/l sucrose in. Friable calli were also
developed from leaf, node, and internodal explants on a tissue culture
medium (MS basal medium) when supplemented with other PGRs in certain
combinations i.e. 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2.0 mg/L), Benzyl
Amino Purine (2.5mg/L), Benzyl Amino Purine + 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic
acid (2mg/L +2.5mg/L), Naphthalene Acetic Acid (1.5mg/L),
2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid + Naphthalene Acetic Acid (2mg/L+1.5mg/L)
and Benzyl Amino Purine + Naphthalene Acetic Acid (2.5mg/L+0.5mg/L) at
optimal physical factors under strict aseptic environment. These results
may enable one to produce the required type of P. hybrida Vilm during
off and on seasons on a commercial scale by using plant tissue culture
as a tool.
Implementation of a low-risk algorithm for outpatient management of febrile pediatric patients with sickle cell disease
Authors: Erno Jason , Noisette Laurence , Bergmann Shayla , Diaz Charyse , Depriest Brittany , Nietart Paul , Hudspeth Michelle
Published: August 2022

Background: Splenic dysfunction in children with sickle cell
disease (SCD) increases the risk of serious bacterial infections;
therefore, families are instructed to seek medical care in the presence
of fever. Recurrent hospital admissions of patients with SCD cause
financial and resource burdens on caregivers and the healthcare system,
contributing to a lower quality of life in this patient population.
Recent studies have documented a reduction of the incidence of bacterial
infections among these patients managed on an outpatient basis with no
association of increased morbidity and mortality. We decided to
establish a partnership between our pediatric hematology/oncology
division and pediatric emergency medicine division to initiate an
algorithm to identify low risk patients eligible for outpatient
management. Procedure: We conducted a retrospective review of
patients with SCD less than 18 years of age, followed at the
Comprehensive Care Sickle Cell Center at the Medical University of South
Carolina (MUSC), who presented to our Pediatric Emergency Department
(ED) with a temperature ≥ 101°F from July 1st 2018 to June 30th 2020.
Results: Mean length of stay and age at admission were nearly
equal between pre- and post-implementation of the algorithm. The
admission rates from the study for were 55.2% and 43.6% pre- and
post-implementation, respectively. Patients revisited the ED within 72
hours in 6.7% of patients in pre-implementation and 5.9% of patients
in post-implementation. There were no patient deaths.
Conclusions: Our pathway helps to standardize the treatment of
febrile pediatric patients with SCD and safely decreases hospital
admissions.
Heinz Body Hemolysis Following Extended Use Phenazopyridine in a Post-HSCT patient with Hemorrhagic Cystitis: An Old Problem for a New Generation
Authors: Ferdjallah Asmaa , Long Susie , Dayton Vanessa , Gupta Ashish
Published: August 2022

Hemorrhagic cystitis is a common complication following the use of
cyclophosphamide. Associated dysuria can be painful and there are few
good options to relive pain. Phenazopyridine has historically been
utilized for dysuria and is available over the counter. However, it is
associated with hematologic side effects with prolonged use.
The compatibility of oxytocin and tranexamic acid injection products when mixed for co-administration by infusion for the treatment of postpartum haemorrhage: an in vitro investigation
Authors: Lambert Peter , Tomazzini Alessandra , Wright Philip , McEvoy Claire , Gallos Ioannis , Ammerdorffer Anne , Chinery Lester , Coomarasamy Arri , Gulmezoglu Ahmet
Published: August 2022

Objective: To investigate the compatibility of oxytocin and tranexamic
acid injection products when mixed for the purpose of co-administration
by intravenous infusion. Population or Sample: Oxytocin and tranexamic
acid were collected from hospitals taking part in a multicentre
postpartum haemorrhage treatment (E-MOTIVE) trial in Kenya, Nigeria,
Tanzania, and South Africa. Methods: The compatibility of two sentinel
products of oxytocin injection and tranexamic acid injection in 200mL
infusion bags of both 0.9%w/v saline and Ringer’s Lactate was assessed.
We analysed all tranexamic acid -oxytocin combinations, and each
evaluation was conducted for up to 6hrs. Subsequently, the compatibility
of multiple tranexamic acid products with reference oxytocins products
when mixed in 0.9%w/v saline over a period of 1 hour was investigated.
Results: We found a significant interaction between certain oxytocin and
tranexamic acid products after mixing them in vitro and observing for 1
hour. The interaction substantially impacted oxytocin content leading to
reduction in concentration (14.8% - 29.0%) immediately on mixing (t=0
minutes). In some combinations, the concentration continued to decline
throughout the stability assessment period. Oxytocin loss was observed
in 7 out of 22 (32%) combinations tested. Conclusions: In a clinical
setting, mixing oxytocin and tranexamic acid may result in an
underdosing of oxytocin, compromising care in an emergency
life-threatening situation. The mixing of oxytocin and tranexamic acid
injection products for co-administration with IV infusion fluids should
be avoided until the exact nature of the interaction and its
implications are understood.
Managing Sexual and Reproduction Complications of Diabetes in Men
Authors: Lau Jennifer , Riley Kaitlyn , Moverley Joy
Published: August 2022

Male reproductive disorders are a less discussed complication of diabetes. These disorders can include balanitis, erectile dysfunction, decreased libido, erectile impotence, and infertility. This article reviews the epidemiology, pathophysiology, classic presentation, and treatment of balanitis, erectile dysfunction, and sperm dysfunction.
Impaired Glucagon-Mediated Suppression of VLDL-Triglyceride Secretion in Individuals With Metabolic Dysfunction–Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD)
Authors: Heebøll Sara , Risikesan Jeyanthini , Ringgaard Steffen , Kumarathas Indumathi , Sandahl Thomas D. , Grønbæk Henning , Søndergaard Esben , Nielsen Søren
Published: August 2022

Individuals with metabolic dysfunction–associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) have elevated plasma lipids as well as glucagon, although glucagon suppresses hepatic VLDL-triglyceride (TG) secretion. We hypothesize that the sensitivity to glucagon in hepatic lipid metabolism is impaired in MAFLD. We recruited 11 subjects with severe MAFLD (MAFLD+), 10 with mild MAFLD (MAFLD−), and 7 overweight control (CON) subjects. We performed a pancreatic clamp with a somatostatin analog (octreotide) to suppress endogenous hormone production, combined with infusion of low-dose glucagon (0.65 ng/kg/min, t = 0–270 min, LowGlucagon), followed by high-dose glucagon (1.5 ng/kg/min, t = 270–450 min, HighGlucagon). VLDL-TG and glucose tracers were used to evaluate VLDL-TG kinetics and endogenous glucose production (EGP). HighGlucagon suppressed VLDL-TG secretion compared with LowGlucagon. This suppression was markedly attenuated in MAFLD subjects compared with CON subjects (MAFLD+: 13% ± [SEM] 5%; MAFLD−: 10% ± 3%; CON: 36% ± 7%, P < 0.01), with no difference between MAFLD groups. VLDL-TG concentration and VLDL-TG oxidation rate increased between LowGlucagon and HighGlucagon in MAFLD+ subjects compared with CON subjects. EGP transiently increased during HighGlucagon without any difference between the three groups. Individuals with MAFLD have a reduced sensitivity to glucagon in the hepatic TG metabolism, which could contribute to the dyslipidemia seen in MAFLD patients. ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04042142.
Long-Term Survival Benefit from Revascularization Compared with Medical Therapy in Patients with or without Diabetes Undergoing Myocardial Perfusion Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography
Authors: Kuronuma Keiichiro , Han Donghee , Miller Robert J.H. , Rozanski Alan , Gransar Heidi , Dey Damini , Hayes Sean W. , Friedman John D. , Thomson Louise , Slomka Piotr J. , Berman Daniel S.
Published: August 2022

  

Objective: To explore the long-term association of survival benefit from early revascularization with the magnitude of ischemia in patients with diabetes compared to those without diabetes using a large observational cohort of patients undergoing single photon emission computed tomography myocardial perfusion imaging (SPECT-MPI).

Research Design and Methods: Of 41,982 patients who underwent stress and rest SPECT-MPI from 1998 to 2017, 8,328 (19.8%) had diabetes. By using a propensity score, 8,046 patients with diabetes were matched to 8,046 patients without diabetes. Early revascularization was defined as occurring within 90 days after SPECT-MPI. Percent myocardial ischemia was assessed from the magnitude of reversible myocardial perfusion defect on SPECT-MPI. 

Results: Over a median 10.3-year follow-up, annualized mortality rate was higher for the patients with diabetes compared to those without diabetes (4.7 vs. 3.6%; p<0.001). There were significant interactions between early revascularization and percent myocardial ischemia in patients with and without diabetes (all interaction p-values <0.05). After adjusting for confounding variables, survival benefit from early revascularization was observed in patients with diabetes above a threshold of >8.6% ischemia and in patients without diabetes above a threshold of >12.1%. Patients with diabetes receiving insulin had higher mortality rate (6.2 vs. 4.1%; p<0.001), but there was no interaction between revascularization and insulin usage (interaction p-value=0.405). 

Conclusions: Patients with diabetes, especially those on insulin treatment, had higher mortality rate compared to patients without diabetes. Early revascularization was associated with a mortality benefit at a lower ischemic threshold in patients with diabetes compared to those without diabetes. 
A Language Model Optimization Method for Turkish Automatic Speech Recognition System
Authors: OYUCU Saadin , POLAT Hüseyin
Published: August 2022

The current Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) modeling strategy still suffers from huge performance degradation when faced with languages with limited resources such as Turkish. Especially when the Language Model (LM) does not support the Acoustic Model (AM) sufficiently, the Word Error Rate (WER) increases. Therefore, a robust LM makes a strong contribution to improving ASR performance by generating word relations from the existing corpus. However, developing a robust language model is a challenging task due to the agglutinative nature of Turkish. Therefore, within the scope of the study, a sentence-level LM optimization method is proposed to improve the WER performance of Turkish ASR. In the proposed method, instead of a fixed word sequence obtained from the Markov assumptions, the probability of the word sequence forming a sentence was calculated. A method with n-gram and skip-gram properties is presented to obtain the word sequence probability. The proposed method has been tested on both statistical and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) based LMs. In the experiments carried out using, not only words but also sub-word level, two Turkish corpora (METU and Bogazici) shared via Linguistic Data Consortium (LDC) and a separate corpus, which we separate corpus that we specially created as HS was used. According to the experimental results obtained from statistical-based LM, 0.5% WER increases for the METU corpus, 1.6% WER decreases for the Bogazici corpus, and a 2.5% WER decrease for the HS corpus were observed. In the Feedforward Neural Networks (FNN) based LM, WER decreases were observed 0.2% for the METU corpus, 0.8% for the Bogazici corpus, and 1.6% for the HS corpus. Also, in the Recurrent Neural Network (RNN)-Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) based LM, WER decreases were observed 0.6% for METU corpus, 1.1% for the Bogazici corpus and 1.5% for the HS corpus. As a result, when the proposed method was applied to the LMs required for ASR, WER decreased, and the total performance of ASR increased.
Investigation of the Effect of U Drills with Different Properties on Thrust Force, Torque and Spindle Load
Authors: AKDULUM Aslan , KAYIR Yunus
Published: August 2022

Udrills are indexable insert drill commonly used in drilling operations. It is estimated that the market share among drilling tools is around 53%. They are produced in the same nominal diameter but in different lengths. There are usually two cooling holes, one behind the central insert and the other behind the peripheral insert. However, in some Udrills, an extra third cooling hole is drilled by the manufacturer. In this study, the effects of different length/diameter ratios, extra coolant hole and drilling parameters on thrust force, torque and spindle load were investigated in order to determine the effect of differences in U drills on hole drilling. AA 2024-T351 was drilled to a depth of 40mm using Udrills with a body diameter of 20mm. A total of 4 Udrills (3D, 4D, 4De, 5D) were used. Three feed rates (0.06, 0.09, 0.12mm/rev) and three cutting speeds (200, 250, 300m/min) were used in the experiments. According to the Anova analysis, it was concluded that while the length/diameter ratio of Udrills had an effect of 56.97% on thrust force and 21.46% on spindle load, it was not effective for torque. The 4De Udrill with extra coolant hole gave 34.2% higher thrust force, 0.3% higher torque value and 26.53% lower spindle load compared to the 4D Udrill without extra coolant hole.
Derin Öğrenme Tabanlı Video Üzerinde Olay Sınıflandırma
Authors: GENÇASLAN Serim , UTKU Anıl , AKCAYOL M. Ali
Published: August 2022

Son yıllarda, dijital kütüphanelerin ve video veritabanlarının büyümesi nedeniyle, videolardan aktivitelerin otomatik olarak tespit edilmesi ve büyük veri kümelerinden örüntülerin elde edilmesi ön plana çıkmaktadır. Görüntüden nesne algılama, çeşitli uygulamalar için bir araç olarak kullanılır ve video sınıflandırmanın temelidir. Videolardaki bilgilerin zaman sürekliliği kısıtlaması olduğundan, videolardaki nesneleri tanımlamak tek görüntüye göre daha zordur. Bilgisayarlı görme alanındaki gelişmelerin ardından, makine öğrenmesi ve derin öğrenme için açık kaynaklı yazılım paketlerinin kullanımı ve donanım teknolojilerinde yaşanan gelişmeler, yeni yaklaşımların geliştirilmesine imkân sağlamıştır. Bu çalışmada, video üzerinde spor dallarının sınıflandırılmasına yönelik derin öğrenme tabanlı bir sınıflandırma modeli geliştirilmiştir. CNN kullanılarak geliştirilen modelde, VGG-19 ile öğrenme aktarımı uygulanmıştır. 32827 adet frame üzerinde, CNN ve VGG-19 modelleri kullanılarak yapılan deneysel çalışmalar, VGG-19’un %83 doğruluk oranı ile CNN’den daha başarılı bir sınıflandırma performansına sahip olduğunu göstermiştir.
Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian Remeshing in FE Simulations of Tire Forming
Authors: Zreid Imadeddin , Wei Yintao , Kaliske Michael
Published: August 2022

Tire forming simulation is challenging for Lagrangian finite element method codes due to large changes in the geometry of the tire in the course of molding. This Technical Note briefly describes the use of Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) adaptive remeshing in the context of tire molding and curing simulations. The ALE concept generalizes the pure Lagrangian formulation, where the solution within a time step is split into a mesh smoothing step, a history remapping step, and a Lagrangian step. Mesh distortion is reduced in the smoothing step by optimizing the node positions of spatial and material meshes without changing the data structure. The advantage of the ALE approach is demonstrated by a tire forming example.
Technical Efficiency of Smallholder Farmers Wheat Production: The Case of Debra Libanos District, Oromia National Regional State, Ethiopia
Authors: Hunde Kebebew
Published: August 2022

This study aimed to examine the technical efficiency of smallholder farmers in wheat production in the Debra Libanos district. Two stages sampling technique was used to select 150 sample farmers to collect primary data using crosssectional data of 2018/19 production season. Data analysis was carried out using descriptive statistics like mean, minimum, maximum, frequency and standard deviation and econometric models such as stochastic production frontier and two-limit Tobit regression models to estimate level and identify factors affecting technical efficiency respectively. The estimated stochastic production frontier model indicated that land, labor, seed and chemical fertilizer were positively and significantly affects farmers’ wheat production level. The study indicated that the average technical efficiency level of wheat producing farmers was 78.5% implying that there was technical efficiency variation among smallholder farmers in the study area. In other words, the average wheat yield loss due to technical efficiency variation was 5.13 qt per ha. Therefore, these results implied that there is a room to increase the efficiency of wheat production in study area. Moreover, the two-limit Tobit regression model results showed that age, family size, livestock size, frequency of extension contact and frequency of ploughing had positive and significant effect on technical efficiency. Hence, attention should be given to improve the efficiency level of those less efficient farmers by adopting the practices of relatively efficient farmers in the study area. Besides this, policies and strategies of the government should be directed towards the above mentioned determinants.
Climate Variability and Environmental Quality's Effects on Rice Yield in Nigeria (1971-2012): A Bounds Test for Cointegration Approach
Authors: Chagwiza Clarietta
Published: August 2022

The paper determined the effects of climate variability and greenhouse gas emission on rice productivity in Nigeria. Unit root tests were conducted using Philip Perron tests which indicated that the series were mixtures of I(0) & I(1) variables. The ARDL model for cointegration test was then applied in determining the long-run effects of GHG emission and climate variability and change on rice yield. The series' residuals were subjected to cointegration test and other diagnostics required in time series modelling. The estimated F-statistics confirmed the presence of a long-run steady state relationship among the series. On the long-run, the yield of rice in Nigeria was determined by the natural logs of rainfall, CO2 emission, price of rice, pesticide application and arable land area cultivated. The study recommends that programmes to facilitate greener economy, steady supply of water such as agroforestry/afforestation and irrigation promotion as well as supply of pesticides and rice varieties at affordable prices for rice cultivation should be put in place in Nigeria in order to ensure sustainable production of rice in the country. The study provides unique evidence on the effects of climate variability and environmental quality on rice yield in Nigeria.
Family Agriculture: A Hope for the Northeast Agricultura Familiar
Authors: Erlândia Nunes Maria
Published: August 2022

Agriculture is one of the main Brazilian economic activities. There are several types of agriculture being practiced in the country, from the most rudimentary to the most technological. In this paper, some aspects related to family agriculture and its production in Brazilian regions will be presented in general. However, this work will have a special focus on the Northeast region, highlighting the difficulties and the way to overcome them. This region is characterized mainly by the semi-arid climate, predominant in the northeastern backlands, whose high temperatures cause long periods of drought and bring suffering to the population living in the region. Primitive cultivation practices limit their production, however in recent years, the implementation of public policies and, consequently, change of mind, seek to overcome years of delay, aiming at the creation of opportunities and possibilities for economic development.
The Backyard of Tlaxcala: An Approach II
Authors: Andrés María-Ramírez
Published: August 2022

In the State of Tlaxcala, Mexico, approximately 30% of rural production units have an area adjacent to the home, the backyard; in this agroecosystem some of the functions reported in research on the subject are reproduced. Despite its cultural importance and its contribution to the economy of rural families, few studies have been done to describe its characteristics; the basic information questionnaire applied by INEGI to ejidatarios, commoners, small landowners responsible for land or houses with agricultural or forestry activities, from the register of agricultural producers in the state of Tlaxcala, in 2004, was used, with a total of 53,968 Production Units (PU) surveyed, of which 17,131 said they had land for agricultural and forestry activities on the land next to the house. Microsoft Office Excel 16 was used to obtain the frequencies. Class ranks were calculated to show the results; 78.15% of the land is privately owned; 97.88% of the rural housing are privately owned; 45% of the backyards that use irrigation for crop production have an area equal to or less than 1,000 m2 ; 86.00% of the units that use irrigation use white water. 53.51% of these units use covered canals; finally, 66.73% of the PUs that responded report the tepetate between one and 50 cm deep, a situation adverse to the crop production potential of Tlaxcala's backyards.
Rural Extension Professionals’ Knowledge, Preparedness and Perceived Barriers to Control/Reduce the Spread of Covid -19 Pandemic in Imo State, Nigeria
Authors: JO Ajaero
Published: August 2022

The Covid - 19 pandemic has affected everything and everybody globally. Awareness and good attitude are key to adherence to preventive measures. This study seeks to ascertain extension officers’ awareness of covid 19 pandemic, examine preparedness level and describe the challenges they face in trying to contain covid 19 pandemic spread. A total of 120 extension staff of Imo ADP was selected purposively for this study. Questionnaire was used to collect data and analysis done using percentages and mean. The results of the analysis showed that the respondents (100%) were fully aware of the Covid -19 pandemic outbreak. They are aware of the symptoms, transmission, incubation period, and protective measures (71.7%). They are really prepared to help as they have read several books and materials on Covid 19(77.5%) learnt to wear face mask (85%), regularly wash hands among other things. However, they face challenges such as inadequate trainings (M=3.01), low level of exposure (M=3.21), cultural beliefs of farmers (M=3.61), lack of affordable hand sanitizer(M=3.10),discomfort wearing mask(M=3,31), low level of education of farmers among other barriers. We recommend that both extension workers and farmers receive regular training and education, funds be made available to purchase necessary items needed for smooth extension work.
JAU-17: A First High Yielding Malting Barley Variety Suitable for Marginal Lands of Punjab
Authors: Ijaz Tabassum Muhammad
Published: August 2022

For the usage of beverages and malting purpose, Wheat Research Institute, Faisalabad, developed the ever first variety of barley crop with the name JAU-17 in Pakistan. It is a two rowed barley variety performed best in a series of irrigated and rain fed yield trials conducted at Wheat Research Institute, Faisalabad and outstation yield trials throughout the Punjab province. During yield trials for three consecutive years from Preliminary to Regular and advanced Yield Trials, it has out-yielded the Check Variety Haider-93 by an average of 23.37% while in Outstation Yield Trials throughout the Punjab province, it produced 11.5% higher grain yield than commercial Check variety Haider-93. JAU-17 has medium to tall stature of about 99 to 110 cm length, growth habit is semi erect and has medium-length-awned ear which has yellowish white color. It takes 90 to 100 days to complete heading and matures in 140 to 145 days. It bears good tillering capacity (154-160 per m). The seed is amber in color with 1000-grain weight of upto 42 gram. For quality trait evaluation it has good quantity for protein (12.2 to 13.7%) and test weight (52.7 to 54.4 kg/hl) along with opaque seed surface. Its malt making quality is excellent for industrial uses. In 2019 Jau-17 was approved by Punjab Seed Council for general cultivation due to its stable performance over the years for better grain yield, resistance against rusts and nutritional quality.
Organic Crop Productivity Demonstration Using Tillage And Biofertilizer Management Approaches At Kulumsa, Southeastern Ethiopia
Authors: Tilahun WogayehuWorku
Published: August 2022

Organic agriculture assures sustainability of crop production with low or no use of external agricultural inputs. It is practiced under small scale level for high value crop such as coffee in Ethiopia. Although crop rotation as part of organic agriculture is practiced in food security crops like wheat and faba bean, it is not implemented under large scale production schemes. Thus, a field research was conducted to test and demonstrate organic farming and associated tillage and fertility trials at Kulumsa, southeastern Ethiopia. Interventions were deep plowing followed by soil harmonization using alfalfa and lathyrus planting in 2016. Then, all the planted biomass were converted to the soil during the second heavy plowing before setting up the trials. Separate sets of large blocks (20 ha) of field experiments were undertaken in 2017 main cropping season. Tillage experiments using mechanized and oxen plowing treatments were compared in faba bean and tef demonstration fields in 2.28 ha per each crop. Faba bean productivity was higher in oxen than tractor plowed field. Although non-significant, application of bio fertilizer gave better faba bean yield with tractor than oxen plowed field. Tef yield was better in oxen than tractor plowed field. Similarly, five crops (0.75 ha each) were evaluated for their productivity in organic model farm experiment under green manure and with additional decomposed animal manure. Organic based bread wheat (3300 kg/ha) production showed above national average yield. Productivity of potato was 24,444 kg/ha and that of fresh alfalfa biomass was11, 640 kg/ha. Thus, agroecological system approaches such as proper tillage, soil harmonization and crop rotation showed significant effect to reduce weed species composition and increased productivity at last.
Morphological Evaluation of Selected Capsicum Genotypes in Kashere, Gombe State, Nigeria
Authors: G Usman Magaji
Published: August 2022

The aim of this study was to determine the phenotypic variation and relationship among capsicum species grown in Kashere, Gombe State. The field experiment consisted of six (6) varieties of pepper laid in a randomized complete block design in three replications. Growth and yield characters were recorded. Significant differences were observed among the studied peppers in terms of growth and yield performance. Variety 4 significantly gave the highest yield compared with other varieties studied during the period of the study. Significant positive and negative relationships were observed among the characters of the pepper studied. From the above studies, variety 4 could be suggested for production in Kashere and its environs.
Envisioning a ‘good’ utopia on a dystopian island: culinary and cultural conflicts in Lord of the Flies
Authors: Xiao Mingwen , Chen Huafei
Published: August 2022

Thanks to the rising interest in island literary studies, there is a considerable body of research on the relationship between islands and utopia/dystopia, but the motif of food, namely, what characters eat on an island, has seldom been explored. Using Terry Eagleton and Frederic Jameson’s theories on utopia and dystopia as an interpretive lens, and drawing upon the varied contentions regarding food and eating by Levi-Strauss, Paul Atkinson, Carol J. Adams and other theorists, this paper examines the triangular relationship of island, food, and utopia/dystopia in William Golding’s Lord of the Flies. The paper argues that although this island story is generally categorized as dystopian, it blends both utopian and dystopian discourses and represents a literary endeavour to envision a ‘good’ utopia. This argument is supported by a detailed analysis of how the eating practices of the British schoolboys marooned on a desert island parallel their attempts to construct a desirable microcosm. By vividly depicting the boys’ contrasting culinary patterns of gathering fruit and hunting pigs, Golding subverts the hierarchy built upon the opposition between the raw/vegetable and the cooked/meat and their corresponding implications of ‘the barbarous’ and ‘the civilized.’ His further depictions of the boys’ cannibalism and degeneration into savages showcase his vision of human beings’ universal evil, his doubt about the linear progress of Western society, and his caution about the potential disasters that might befall seemingly progressive civilization due to the fall of mankind.