bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
HTS384 NCI60: The Next Phase of the NCI60 Screen
Authors: Kunkel Mark W. , Coussens Nathan P. , Morris Joel , Taylor Ronald C. , Dexheimer Thomas S. , Jones Eric M. , Doroshow James H. , Teicher Beverly A.
Published: June 2024

The NCI60 human tumor cell line screen has been in operation as a service to the cancer research community for more than 30 years. The screen operated with 96-well plates, a 2-day exposure period to test agents, and following cell fixation, a visible absorbance endpoint by the protein-staining dye sulforhodamine B. In this study, we describe the next phase of this important cancer research tool, the HTS384 NCI60 screen. Although the cell lines remain the same, the updated screen is performed with 384-well plates, a 3-day exposure period to test agents, and a luminescent endpoint to measure cell viability based upon cellular ATP content. In this study, a library of 1,003 FDA-approved and investigational small-molecule anticancer agents was screened by the two NCI60 assays. The datasets were compared with a focus on targeted agents with at least six representatives in the library. For many agents, including inhibitors of EGFR, BRAF, MEK, ERK, and PI3K, the patterns of GI50 values were very similar between the screens with strong correlations between those patterns within the dataset from each screen. However, for some groups of targeted agents, including mTOR, BET bromodomain, and NAMPRTase inhibitors, there were limited or no correlations between the two datasets, although the patterns of GI50 values and correlations between those patterns within each dataset were apparent. Beginning in January 2024, the HTS384 NCI60 screen became the free screening service of the NCI to facilitate drug discovery by the cancer research community.

Significance: The new NCI60 cell line screen HTS384 shows robust patterns of response to oncology agents and substantial overlap with the classic screen, providing an updated tool for studying therapeutic agents.

See related commentary by Colombo and Corsello, p. 2397
Supplementary Figure S3 from Hemangiosarcoma Cells Promote Conserved Host-derived Hematopoietic Expansion
Authors: Kim Jong Hyuk , Schulte Ashley J. , Sarver Aaron L. , Lee Donghee , Angelos Mathew G. , Frantz Aric M. , Forster Colleen L. , O'Brien Timothy D. , Cornax Ingrid , O'Sullivan M. Gerard , Cheng Nuojin , Lewellen Mitzi , Oseth LeAnn , Kumar Sunil , Bullman Susan , Pedamallu Chandra Sekhar , Goyal Sagar M. , Meyerson Matthew , Lund Troy C. , Breen Matthew , Lindblad-Toh Kerstin , Dickerson Erin B. , Kaufman Dan S. , Modiano Jaime F.
Published: June 2024

Supplementary Figure S3
FIGURE 4 from Hemangiosarcoma Cells Promote Conserved Host-derived Hematopoietic Expansion
Authors: Kim Jong Hyuk , Schulte Ashley J. , Sarver Aaron L. , Lee Donghee , Angelos Mathew G. , Frantz Aric M. , Forster Colleen L. , O'Brien Timothy D. , Cornax Ingrid , O'Sullivan M. Gerard , Cheng Nuojin , Lewellen Mitzi , Oseth LeAnn , Kumar Sunil , Bullman Susan , Pedamallu Chandra Sekhar , Goyal Sagar M. , Meyerson Matthew , Lund Troy C. , Breen Matthew , Lindblad-Toh Kerstin , Dickerson Erin B. , Kaufman Dan S. , Modiano Jaime F.
Published: June 2024

Hematopoietic support and stromal regulation of canine hemangiosarcoma cells. A, Flow cytometric data depict populations of cells expressing CD43 and CD45 differentiated from CD34+ hUCB cells. CD34+ hUCB cells were pooled from 2 patients. M2-10B4, hBM-MSCs, and canine hemangiosarcoma cells (DHSA-1426 and EFB) were seeded on gelatin-coated 24-well plates at a density of 1 × 105 cells/well. Gelatin-coated wells without stroma served as a negative control. Surface antigens CD34, CD43, and CD45 were analyzed at week 5. B and C, Bar graphs illustrate number of different colonies formed by hUCB CD34+ cells cocultured with feeder cells. Both DHSA-1426 and EFB canine hemangiosarcoma cell lines expanded hUCB CD34+ cells similarly to the M2-10B4 and hBM-MSC positive control lines, while gelatin-coated wells alone failed to support expansion. Burst-forming unit-erythroid (BFU-E), CFU (colony-forming unit)-Erythroid (CFU-E), CFU-granulocyte/macrophage (CFU-GM), CFU-macrophage (CFU-M), and CFU-granulocyte/erythroid/macrophage/megakaryocyte (CFU-GEMM) were determined for CFU assay.
Basophil Activation Test Is Inferior to Provocation Test in Diagnosing Aspirin Hypersensitivity
Authors: Gawinowska Marika , Specjalski Krzysztof , Zieliński Maciej , Trzonkowski Piotr , Niedoszytko Marek , Chełmińska Marta
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Diagnostic of aspirin (ASA) hypersensitivity is largely based on provocation tests. However, they have significant limitations including influence of medications, necessity of hospitalization, and safety issues. Basophil activation test (BAT) seems to be a promising in vitro alternative. It has already proven to be a useful tool for diagnosing IgE-mediated allergy to certain food and airborne allergens as well as insects venoms. The aim of the study was to assess performance of BAT in diagnosing aspirin hypersensitivity in comparison with current golden standard (oral provocation test, OPT). Methods: The study group comprised 148 adult patients with suspicion of aspirin hypersensitivity, including 51 (36%) with chronic urticaria, 73 (51%) with asthma, and 55 (39%) with chronic sinusitis. The control group was 10 healthy adult patients who used NSAIDs during preceding year with good tolerance. BAT with ASA was conducted in all the participants. Additionally, in the study group, OPT was performed with cumulative dose of 1,000 mg of ASA. Results: Out of 148 study group participants, 114 underwent BAT and ASA provocation with conclusive results acquired in both tests. In this group, the threshold for positive BAT was 4.9%. Sensitivity and specificity of BAT were found to be 55.9% and 75%, respectively, with a positive predictive value of 77% and a negative predictive value of 54%. The highest sensitivity (78%) was found in subgroup patients with chronic urticaria, while specificity was highest in the subgroup with chronic respiratory diseases (87%). Conclusion: Despite significant advantages of BAT such as safety, no influence of drugs, and objectivity, its performance makes it inferior to current standard in ASA hypersensitivity.
Decreasing Albumin mRNA Expression in Cholangiocarcinomas along the Bile Duct Tree
Authors: Albertini Elisa , Chillotti Stefano , Monti Giada , Malvi Deborah , Deserti Marzia , Degiovanni Alessio , Palloni Andrea , Tavolari Simona , Brandi Giovanni , D'Errico Antonia , Vasuri Francesco
Published: June 2024

Introduction: The progressive technologies in albumin in situ hybridization (ISH) changed the routine application and the differential diagnosis of hepatic malignancies in the last years. The aim of the present work was to assess the diagnostic utility of albumin ISH on different cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) subtypes, as well as to assess how albumin production changes along the biliary tree. Methods: Forty-five CCAs were retrospectively selected: 29 intrahepatic (15 small-duct and 14 large-duct subtypes), 7 perihilar, and 9 extrahepatic. Histology was revised in all cases, and albumin ISH was automatically performed by the RNAscope®. Results: ISH was always negative in extrahepatic CCAs, only 1 perihilar case was positive, and any positivity was observed in 25/29 (86.2%) intrahepatic CCAs (p < 0.001). Concerning CCA subtypes, mean cell positivity was 38.8 ± 29.8% in small-duct CCAs and 11.4 ± 21.9 in large-duct CCAs, respectively (p = 0.003); 12/15 (80.0%) small-duct and 3/14 (21.4%) large-duct CCAs showed >5% positive cells (p = 0.002; odds ratio 14.7). Conclusions: The introduction of more sensitive techniques changed the indications for ISH since most small-duct intrahepatic CCAs show diffuse positivity. Albumin positivity decreases from liver periphery to the large ducts, suggesting that ISH can be helpful in the differential diagnosis between small-duct and large-duct CCAs, as well as between intrahepatic large-duct CCAs and metastases.
Subjective Sleep Disturbance and Lewy Pathology: Data from a Cohort of Essential Tremor Brain Donors
Authors: Ghanem Ali , Berry Diane S. , Cosentino Stephanie , Faust Phyllis L. , Louis Elan D.
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Sleep disturbances have been associated with essential tremor (ET). However, their pathophysiological underpinnings remain unknown. In this exploratory study, we examined the association between subjective sleep disturbances and the presence of Lewy pathology (LP) on postmortem brain examination in ET cases. Methods: Fifty-two ET cases enrolled in a prospective, longitudinal study were assessed over an average period of 42 months. Cases completed the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), which yields seven component scores (e.g., sleep quality, sleep latency). For each component score, we calculated the difference between the last score and the baseline score. Brains were harvested at death. Each had a complete neuropathological assessment, including extensive α-synuclein immunostaining. We examined the associations between baseline PSQI scores and the change in PSQI scores (last – first), and LP on postmortem brain examination. Results: ET cases had a mean baseline age of 87.1 ± 4.8 years. LP was observed in 12 (23.1%) of 52 cases; in 7 of these 12, LP was observed in the locus coeruleus (LC). Change in time needed to fall asleep (last – first sleep latency component score) was associated with presence of LP on postmortem brain examination – greater increase in sleep latency was associated with higher odds of LP (odds ratio = 2.98, p = 0.02). The greatest increase in sleep latency was observed in cases with LP in the LC (p = 0.04). Conclusion: In ET cases, increases in sleep latency over time could be a marker of underlying LP, especially in the LC.
Blinding Assessments in Neonatal Ventilation Meta-Analyses: A Systematic Meta-Epidemiological Review
Authors: Kuitunen Ilari , Räsänen Kati , Gualano Maria Rosaria , De Luca Daniele
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Randomization and blinding are generally important in randomized trials. In neonatology, blinding of ventilation strategies is unfeasible if not impossible and we hypothesized that its importance has been overestimated, while the peculiarities of the neonatal patient and the specific outcomes have not been considered. Methods: For this meta-epidemiological review, we searched PubMed and Scopus databases in November 2023. We included all meta-analyses focusing on ventilation, published in past 5 years, and reporting either mortality or bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) as an outcome. We extracted the information about how the authors had analyzed risk of bias and evidence certainty. Results: We screened 494 abstracts and included 40 meta-analyses. Overall, 13 of the 40 reviews assessed blinding properly. Australian and European authors were most likely to perform correct assessment of the blinding (p = 0.03) and the use of RoB 2.0 tool was also associated with proper assessment (p < 0.001). In multivariate regression, the use of RoB 2.0 was the only factor associated with a proper assessment (Beta 0.57 [95% confidence interval: 0.29–0.99]). GRADE ratings were performed in 25 reviews, and the authors downgraded the evidence certainty due to risk of bias in 19 of these and none of these reviews performed the blinding assessment correctly. Conclusion: In past neonatal evidence syntheses, the role of blinding has been mostly overestimated, which has led to downgrading of evidence certainty. Objective outcomes (such as mortality and BPD) do not need to be downgraded due to lack of blinding, as the knowledge of the received intervention does not influence the outcome assessment.
Donor-Dependent Variations in Systemic Oxidative Stress and Their Association with One-Year Graft Outcomes in Kidney Transplantation
Authors: Rodriguez-Sanchez Elena , Aceves-Ripoll Jennifer , Mercado-García Elisa , Navarro-García José A. , Andrés Amado , Aguado José M. , Segura Julián , Ruilope Luis M. , Fernández-Ruiz Mario , Ruiz-Hurtado Gema
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Oxidative stress has been implicated in complications after kidney transplantation (KT), including delayed graft function (DGF) and rejection. However, its role in long-term posttransplant outcomes remains unclear. Methods: We investigated oxidative damage and antioxidant defense dynamics, and their impact on the graft outcomes, in 41 KT recipients categorized by type of donation over 12 months. Oxidative status was determined using OxyScore and AntioxyScore indexes, which comprise several circulating biomarkers of oxidative damage and antioxidant defense. Donor types included donation after brain death (DBD [61.0%]), donation after circulatory death (DCD [26.8%]), and living donation (LD [12.1%]). Results: There was an overall increase in oxidative damage early after transplantation, which was significantly higher in DCD as compared to DBD and LD recipients. The multivariate adjustment confirmed the independent association of OxyScore and type of deceased donation with DGF, donor kidney function, and induction therapy with antithymocyte globulin. There were no differences in terms of antioxidant defense. Lower oxidative damage at day 7 predicted better graft function at 1-year posttransplant only in DBD recipients. Conclusion: DCD induced greater short-term oxidative damage after KT, whereas the early levels of oxidative damage were predictive of the graft function 1 year after KT among DBD recipients.
Mid-Life Household Food Insecurity and Subsequent Memory Function and Rate of Decline in Rural South Africa, 2004–2022
Authors: Yu Xuexin , Gill Audra , Chakraborty Rishika , Kabudula Chodziwadziwa W. , Wagner Ryan G. , Bassil Darina T. , Farrell Meagan T. , Tollman Stephen M. , Kahn Kathleen , Rosenberg Molly S. , Kobayashi Lindsay C.
Published: June 2024

Introduction: We aimed to investigate mid-life food insecurity over time in relation to subsequent memory function and rate of decline in Agincourt, rural South Africa. Methods: Data from the longitudinal Agincourt Health and Socio-Demographic Surveillance System (Agincourt HDSS) were linked to the population-representative Health and Aging in Africa: A Longitudinal Study of an INDEPTH Community in South Africa (HAALSI). Food insecurity (yes vs. no) and food insecurity intensity (never/rarely/sometimes vs. often/very often) in the past month were assessed every 3 years from 2004 to 2013 in Agincourt HDSS. Cumulative exposure to each food insecurity measure was operationalized as 0, 1, and ≥2 time points. Episodic memory was assessed from 2014/15 to 2021/22 in HAALSI. Mixed-effects linear regression models were fitted to investigate the associations of each food insecurity measure with memory function and rate of decline over time. Results: A total of 3,186 participants (mean age [SD] in 2004: 53 [12.87]; range: 30–96) were included and 1,173 (36%) participants experienced food insecurity in 2004, while this figure decreased to 490 (15%) in 2007, 489 (15%) in 2010, and 150 (5%) in 2013. Experiencing food insecurity at one time point (vs. never) from 2004 to 2013 was associated with lower baseline memory function (β = −0.095; 95% CI: −0.159 to −0.032) in 2014/15 but not rate of memory decline. Higher intensity of food insecurity at ≥2 time points (vs. never) was associated with lower baseline memory function (β = −0.154, 95% CI: −0.338 to 0.028), although the estimate was imprecise. Other frequencies of food insecurity and food insecurity intensity were not associated with memory function or decline in the fully adjusted models. Conclusion: In this setting, mid-life food insecurity may be a risk factor for lower later-life memory function, but not decline.
State of the Art and Science of Immunocytochemistry
Authors: Srebotnik Kirbis Irena
Published: June 2024

Background: Immunocytochemistry (ICC) is a widely available and extensively used ancillary method in diagnostic cytopathology with great variability in all test phases and a low level of adequate quality management. The non-standardized ICC landscape is now challenged with the introduction of the new European (EU) In Vitro Diagnostic Medical Devices Regulation (IVDR). According to this regulation, ICC on cytological slides falls under the category of Laboratory-Developed Tests (LDT), which requires rigorous standardization, validation, and thorough quality management. Summary: Complete standardization of pre-analytical and analytical steps in ICC is impossible due to the complexity of the method and the constantly evolving antibodies, detection systems, and platforms. However, similar to the approach in immunohistochemistry, improving and standardizing “best practices” in quality management will result in high-quality, correct, accurate, and reliable ICC results. In this review, the current challenges of ICC in diagnostic cytopathology will be discussed, along with practical insights into ICC standardization and validation. Key Messages: Control slides prepared in the same manner as the patient samples, optimized ICC protocols, and participation in external quality control for ICC are the pillars of good quality management and essential to ensure safe and reliable patient diagnostics.
Palmitoylethanolamide and Luteolin for Postinfectious Olfactory Disorders: How Clinically Meaningful Is Its Effect?
Authors: Gellrich Janine , Czaplewski Linda , Hähner Antje , Hummel Thomas
Published: June 2024

Introduction: The prevalence of post-viral olfactory dysfunction has increased significantly during the COVID-19 pandemic, posing a major challenge for patients and practitioners. While olfactory training (OT) is a common approach to therapy, there has been increasing interest in supplementing therapy with a combination of palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) and luteolin (LUT), which are known for their anti-inflammatory properties. In this study, their efficacy in the treatment of patients with olfactory loss following upper respiratory tract infections, mainly COVID-19, was investigated in an outpatient clinic. Methods: Fifty patients with persistent olfactory dysfunction were randomized to two groups: one receiving OT and PEA-LUT, the other OT alone. Olfactory function was evaluated before and after treatment. Results: The study group showed significant improvements in odor discrimination and overall olfactory function (TDI score) after treatment with PEA-LUT and OT, while the control group did not. However, when clinically meaningful improvements were considered, there was no significant difference between the groups. Conclusion: The present study suggests that while PEA-LUT may have the potential to improve olfactory function in post-viral dysfunction, the additional benefit over OT alone may be limited. These results contrast with some previous studies.
Magnesium Derangement among Critically Ill Patients with Acute Kidney Injury: An Association with Acute Kidney Disease
Authors: Suppadungsuk Supawadee , Thongprayoon Charat , Nikravangolsefid Nasrin , Singh Waryaam , Cheungpasitporn Wisit , Dong Yue , Kashani Kianoush B.
Published: June 2024

Introduction: The association between magnesium level and progression to acute kidney disease (AKD) in acute kidney injury (AKI) patients was not well studied. With AKI transition to AKD, the burden of the disease on mortality, morbidity, and healthcare costs increases. Serum magnesium disturbances are linked with a decline in renal function and increased risk of death in CKD and hemodialysis patients. This study aims to assess the significance of magnesium derangements as a risk factor for the progression of AKI to AKD in critically ill patients. Methods: This study was conducted among patients with AKI admitted to the intensive care units at Mayo Clinic from 2007 to 2017. Serum magnesium at AKI onset was categorized into five groups of <1.7, 1.7–1.9, 1.9–2.1, 2.1–2.3, and ≥2.3 mg/dL, with 1.9–2.1 mg/dL as the reference group. AKD was defined as AKI that persisted >7 days following the AKI onset. Logistic regression was used to evaluate the association between magnesium and AKD. Results: Among 20,198 critically ill patients with AKI, the mean age was 66 ± 16 years, and 57% were male. The mean serum magnesium at AKI onset was 1.9 ± 0.4 mg/dL. The overall incidence of AKD was 31.4%. The association between serum magnesium and AKD followed a U-shaped pattern. In multivariable analysis, serum magnesium levels were associated with increased risk of AKD with the odds ratio of 1.17 (95% CI: 1.07–1.29), 1.13 (95% CI: 1.01–1.26), and 1.65 (95% CI: 1.48–1.84) when magnesium levels were <1.7, 2.1–2.3, and ≥2.3 mg/dL, respectively. Conclusion: Among patients with AKI, magnesium level derangement was an independent risk for AKD in critically ill AKI patients. Monitoring serum magnesium and proper correction in critically ill patients with AKI should be considered an AKD preventive intervention in future trials.
Adjuvant Brachytherapy with Ruthenium-106 to Reduce the Risk of Recurrence of Conjunctival Melanoma after Excision
Authors: Grajewski Luise , Kneifel Christiane , Wösle Markus , Ciernik Ilja F. , Krause Lothar
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Local recurrence of conjunctival melanoma (CM) is common after excision. Local radiotherapy is an effective adjuvant treatment option, and brachytherapy with ruthenium-106 (106Ru) is one such option. Thus, herein, we aimed to describe our experience with and the clinical results of post-excision adjuvant 106Ru plaque brachytherapy in patients with CM. Methods: Nineteen patients (8 men and 11 women) received adjuvant brachytherapy with a 106Ru plaque after tumor excision. The mean adjuvant dose administered was 109 Gy (range, 80–134 Gy), and a depth of only 2.2 mm was targeted because the tumor had been excised. A full ophthalmological examination including visual acuity testing, slit-lamp examination, and indirect ophthalmoscopy was performed before therapy and at every postoperative follow-up. The mean follow-up period was 62 months (range, 2–144 months). Results: Three patients developed a recurrence in a nontreated area, at either the conjunctiva bulbi or the conjunctiva tarsi. None of the patients developed a recurrence in the treated area. The local control rate was 84% (16/19). Conclusion: 106Ru plaque brachytherapy is an effective adjuvant treatment to minimize the risk of local recurrence after excision of a CM. Patients have to be followed up regularly and carefully for the early detection of recurrence.
Comparison of Serial Amnioinfusion Strategies for Isolated Early-Onset Fetal Renal Anhydramnios
Authors: Cheng Joyce M. , Baschat Ahmet A. , Atkinson Meredith A. , Rosner Mara , Kush Michelle L. , Wolfson Denise , Olson Sarah , Voegtline Kristin , Goodman Lindsey , Jelin Angie C. , Miller Jena L.
Published: June 2024

Introduction: The optimal protocol for serial amnioinfusions to maintain amniotic fluid in pregnancies with early-onset fetal renal anhydramnios before 22 weeks is not known. We compared the performance of two different approaches. Methods: A secondary analysis was conducted of serial amnioinfusions performed by a single center during the external pilot and feasibility phases of the Renal Anhydramnios Fetal Therapy (RAFT) trial. During the external pilot, higher amnioinfusion volumes were given less frequently; in the feasibility study, smaller volume amnioinfusions were administered more frequently. Procedural details, complications, and obstetric outcomes were compared between the two groups using Pearson’s χ2 or Fisher’s exact tests for categorical variables and Student’s t tests or Wilcoxon rank-sum tests for continuous variables. The adjusted association between procedural details and chorioamniotic separation was obtained through a multivariate repeated measure logistic regression model. Results: Eleven participants underwent 159 amnioinfusions (external pilot: 3 patients, 21 amnioinfusions; feasibility: 8 patients, 138 amnioinfusions). External pilot participants had fewer amnioinfusions (7 vs. 19.5 in the feasibility group, p = 0.04), larger amnioinfusion volume (750 vs. 500 mL, p < 0.01), and longer interval between amnioinfusions (6 [4–7] vs. 4 [3–5] days, p < 0.01). In the external pilot, chorioamniotic separation was more common (28.6% vs. 5.8%, p < 0.01), preterm prelabor rupture of membranes (PPROM) occurred sooner after amnioinfusion initiation (28 ± 21.5 vs. 75.6 ± 24.1 days, p = 0.03), and duration of maintained amniotic fluid between first and last amnioinfusion was shorter (38 ± 17.3 vs. 71 ± 19 days, p = 0.03), compared to the feasibility group. While delivery gestational age was similar (35.1 ± 1.7 vs. 33.8 ± 1.5 weeks, p = 0.21), feasibility participants maintained amniotic fluid longer. Conclusion: Small volume serial amnioinfusions performed more frequently maintain normal amniotic fluid volume longer because of delayed occurrence of PPROM.
Differences in Cognitive Trajectories of Dementia: Comparison of Alzheimer’s Disease Dementia and Dementia with Lewy Bodies in a Korean Patient Cohort
Authors: Cho Bang-Hoon , Kim Hyunsoo , Choi Seong-Min , Cho Soo Hyun , Kim Byeong C.
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Prediction of the dementia progression is important for patient management. We aimed to investigate the cognitive trajectories of Alzheimer’s disease dementia (ADD) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) according to the initial structural change measured by comprehensive visual rating scales (CVRS). Methods: We retrospectively included the patients who initially visited the Dementia Clinic of Chonnam National University Hospital between 2010 and 2012. All patients underwent dementia workup including neuropsychological battery (Seoul Neuropsychological Screening Battery, SNSB). We recruited the participant who underwent SNSB annually for 3 years successively. A total of 136 patients of ADD and 63 patients of DLB were included for analysis. We analyzed the decline pattern of the cognitive profile according to the initial brain structural changes. Results: The general cognitive trajectories between ADD and DLB patients were not different. However, DLB patients showed more rapid decline of cognitive function in language and related function, visual memory function, and frontal executive function. The scores were lower in participants with DLB with the lesser atrophy group in attention, visuospatial function, and frontal executive function. In analysis of the cognitive trajectories, the visual memory domain declined rapidly in the DLB with lesser atrophy group compared with the ADD with lesser atrophy group. Conclusion: We founded that the differences in the visual cognitive profile in ADD and DLB patients in serial follow-up of neuropsychological tests. It is prominent in the mild structural change group of ADD and DLB.
Effect of Digital Health Coaching on Self-Efficacy and Patient-Reported Outcomes in Individuals with Acute Myeloid and Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Marvin-Peek Jennifer , Shelton Valerie , Brassil Kelly , Fellman Bryan , Barr Austin , Chien Kelly Sharon , Hammond Danielle , Swaminathan Mahesh , Jain Nitin , Wierda William , Ferrajoli Alessandra , DiNardo Courtney
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Promotion of self-efficacy can enhance engagement with health care and treatment adherence in patients with cancer. We report the outcomes of a pilot trial of a digital health coach intervention in patients with leukemia with the aim of improving self-efficacy. Methods: Adult patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) were randomized 1:1 to a digital health coach intervention or standard of care. The primary outcome of self-efficacy was measured by the Cancer Behavior Inventory (CBI) score. Results: A total of 147 patients (37 AML, 110 CLL) were enrolled from July 2020 to December 2022. In the AML cohort, there was a mean increase in CBI score of 7.03 in the digital health coaching arm compared to a mean decrease of −3.57 in the control arm at 30 days (p = 0.219). There were no significant associations between the intervention and other patient-reported outcomes for patients with CLL. Conclusion: There were numerical, but not statistically significant increases in self-efficacy metrics in AML patients who received digital health coaching. Although this trial was underpowered due to enrollment limitations during a pandemic, digital health coaching may provide benefit to patients with hematologic malignancy and warrants further investigation.
Alguns Problemas da Edição Crítica
Authors: Tavani Giuseppe
Published: June 2024

O ensaio lido pelo autor na Semana Archives, promovida pela CNPq, pelo IEB e CODAC ambos da USP, desenvolve aspectos ligados à prática da crítica textual apresentando trabalhos de teóricos contemporâneos como Segre ou Brambilla Ageno. Exemplifica desvios e acertos na transcrição e no estabelecimento de textos. Ao negar a edição crítica enquanto operação definitiva, finalizadora do trabalho edótico, convalida a possibilidade de repetições em busca da verdade textual, no que se opõe a Bedier e à escola por ele inaugurada. Enfatiza a importância da exata compreensão do texto para uma correta emendatio. Exemplificando os passos da edição crítica, reune exemplos de problemas.
TRIM35 Monoubiquitinates H2B in Cardiac Cells, Implications for Heart Failure
Authors: Lorenzana-Carrillo Maria Areli , Tejay Saymon , Nanoa Joseph , Huang Guocheng , Liu Yongsheng , Haromy Alois , Zhao Yuan Yuan , Mendiola Pla Michelle , Bowles Dawn E. , Kinnaird Adam , Michelakis Evangelos D. , Sutendra Gopinath
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND:

The tumor suppressor and proapoptotic transcription factor P53 is induced (and activated) in several forms of heart failure, including cardiotoxicity and dilated cardiomyopathy; however, the precise mechanism that coordinates its induction with accessibility to its transcriptional promoter sites remains unresolved, especially in the setting of mature terminally differentiated (nonreplicative) cardiomyocytes.

METHODS:

Male and female control or TRIM35 (tripartite motif containing 35) overexpression adolescent (aged 1–3 months) and adult (aged 4–6 months) transgenic mice were used for all in vivo experiments. Primary adolescent or adult mouse cardiomyocytes were isolated from control or TRIM35 overexpression transgenic mice for all in vitro experiments. Adenovirus or small-interfering RNA was used for all molecular experiments to overexpress or knockdown, respectively, target genes in primary mouse cardiomyocytes. Patient dilated cardiomyopathy or nonfailing left ventricle samples were used for translational and mechanistic insight. Chromatin immunoprecipitation and DNA sequencing or quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was used to assess P53 binding to its transcriptional promoter targets, and RNA sequencing was used to identify disease-specific signaling pathways.

RESULTS:

Here, we show that E3-ubiquitin ligase TRIM35 can directly monoubiquitinate lysine-120 (K120) on histone 2B in postnatal mature cardiomyocytes. This epigenetic modification was sufficient to promote chromatin remodeling, accessibility of P53 to its transcriptional promoter targets, and elongation of its transcribed mRNA. We found that increased P53 transcriptional activity (in cardiomyocyte-specific
Trim35
overexpression transgenic mice) was sufficient to initiate heart failure and these molecular findings were recapitulated in nonischemic human LV dilated cardiomyopathy samples.

CONCLUSIONS:

These findings suggest that TRIM35 and the
K120
Ub-histone 2B epigenetic modification are molecular features of cardiomyocytes that can collectively predict dilated cardiomyopathy pathogenesis.
Skeletonized Versus Pedicled Harvesting of the Internal Thoracic Artery and Long‐Term Clinical Outcomes in Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery
Authors: Dalén Magnus , Dismorr Michael , Glaser Natalie , Sartipy Ulrik
Published: June 2024

Background

The internal thoracic artery (ITA) is the most important conduit for coronary artery bypass grafting. Recent evidence suggests that skeletonized ITA harvesting yields long‐term outcomes inferior to those of pedicled harvesting. The aim was to investigate the impact of the ITA harvesting method on 10‐year mortality and major adverse cardiovascular events.

Methods and Results

In this observational cohort study, we identified all patients from the SWEDEHEART (Swedish Web‐System for Enhancement and Development of Evidence‐Based Care in Heart Disease Evaluated According to Recommended Therapies) register who underwent isolated coronary artery bypass grafting using at least 1 ITA at Karolinska University Hospital from 2012 to 2021. The main outcome was all‐cause mortality, and the secondary outcomes were a combination of myocardial infarction, repeat revascularization, heart failure, and stroke. Outcomes were ascertained using national health data registers and compared between the skeletonized and pedicled groups using weighted flexible parametric survival models. Among 3267 patients, 1657 (51%) underwent pedicled ITA harvesting and 1610 (49%) underwent skeletonized ITA harvesting. The patients' mean age was 66 years, and 15% were women. The weighted all‐cause mortality incidence rate in the pedicled versus skeletonized ITA group was 2.6% (95CI, 2.2%–3.0%) versus 2.6% (95% CI, 2.2%–3.1%), respectively (hazard ratio (HR), 1.01 [95% CI, 0.81–1.27]). The weighted major adverse cardiovascular events incidence rate was 7.8% (95% CI, 7.1%–8.6%) versus 7.5% (95% CI, 6.7%–8.4%), respectively (HR, 0.94 [95% CI, 0.82–1.08]).

Conclusions

We found no significant differences in all‐cause mortality or major adverse cardiovascular events rates between the 2 ITA harvesting methods.
Towards a Decolonial Political Theology of Vulnerability
Authors: Dube Siphiwe Ignatius
Published: June 2024

This article argues for a Decolonial Political Theology of vulnerability in the context of neo-apartheid South Africa. The article puts forward the argument that vulnerability is an essential part of the decolonial project, and in particular decolonial theology. In developing its argument, the article first provides some definitional limitations of vulnerability. It then links the definitions to the theme of the coloniality of Being and the discussion of the contents of decolonial vulnerability. What such apprehension of vulnerability underscores is a central assumption in the perspectives of vulnerability that focus on negative notions of vulnerability. In response, the article proposes that a decolonial political theology of vulnerability is one that should not simply aim to be yet another pedagogical practice of reading, writing, teaching, and learning differently. It should also endeavour to be oriented towards some form of justice aimed at restoring previously devalued epistemologies and ontologies.
Description of a new sandstone-dwelling species of genus Cnemaspis (Sauria: Gekkonidae) from Gunung Santubong National Park, southwestern Sarawak, Malaysia
Authors: KURITA TAKAKI , NISHIKAWA KANTO , HOSSMAN MOHAMAD YAZID , MIZUNO TAKAFUMI , SATO HIROTOSHI , GUMAL MELVIN
Published: June 2024

A newly discovered sandstone-dwelling species of the rock gecko, genus Cnemaspis, is described from Santubong National Park, 25 km north of Kuching, southwestern Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo. Molecular phylogenetic analysis confirmed that Cnemaspis puterisantubongae sp. nov. is closely related to other Cnemaspis species in southwestern Sarawak, except for C. kendallii, although these relationships remain unclear. The new species differs from closely related species in having a moderate snout–vent length of up to 66.7 mm; 10–14 precloacal pores in males; 9–14 obviously-convex precloacal pore-bearing scales in females; enlarged, smooth, flat median subcaudal scales; sharp-edged, broad black markings on the trunk dorsum; and a black–gray banding pattern on the posterior part of the original tail, with white median subcaudal scales in males. This discovery of this new species from Santubong National Park, which is highly accessible due to its proximity to Kuching, highlights the need for extensive inventory surveys throughout the national parks of Sarawak.
Description of the female and variation in males of the critically endangered Caledargiolestes janiceae Lieftinck, 1975 from South New Caledonia (Odonata: Zygoptera: Argiolestidae)
Authors: STENGER PIERRE-LOUIS , THEUERKAUF JÖRN , MILLE CHRISTIAN G. , JOURDAN HERVÉ , MARINOV MILEN
Published: June 2024

Caledargiolestes janiceae Lieftinck, 1975 was erected on the basis of a single not-fully mature male. Eleven years later a female was captured but never described. Despite further searching, this species was only rediscovered in early 2022 with one female and two males (immature and mature) collected. This paper provides descriptions of the female and of the male in different stages of maturity.
Corruption and Bribery at the Border: Strategies of Survival and Adaptation between People Smugglers and Border Enforcement
Authors: Suber David L.
Published: June 2024

Border corruption can help facilitate the smuggling of people and irregular migration, but it receives limited attention in academic research. In this article, I explore how smugglers use corruption and bribery to circumvent border restrictions. I focus on the role of bribery in the survival economy of border communities, including migrants, smugglers, and border authorities, and on its role in facilitating cross-border movement. This study draws on extensive ethnographic research conducted on land routes between West Asia and Europe, interviewing smugglers specifically on the Syrian–Turkish border and the Evros border between Turkey, Greece, and Bulgaria. My findings indicate that on both borders, smugglers and border guards accommodate each other’s interests in creative collaborative processes. As such, corruption and bribery are not merely illegal practices but rather strategic adaptations in response to harsher border enforcement policies, stemming from specific needs of local border realities.
The Fine Art of Camouflage: Migrant-Drug Distributors Negotiating Police Interactions in Switzerland
Authors: Vuilleumier Louis
Published: June 2024

Bogged down in exploitative jobs or unemployment, some migrants mitigate their precarious condition and forced idleness through involvement in petty crime, including low-level drug distribution. This article explores the daily lives of migrants who navigate asymmetrical interactions and relationships with police in ways that avoid detection of their illicit activities. Drawing from extensive ethnographic fieldwork and 18 biographical interviews with sub-Saharan male migrants active in low-level drug retail, I scrutinize how migrants negotiate the rules that are supposed to govern them. I am particularly interested in the ways in which migrants negotiate their legal status with the police, whose view of them is often heavily influenced by race. I demonstrate that relationships between police officers and migrants can be influenced by migrants’ deliberate mimicry of local norms, calculated conformity with informal policing practices, and influence over police officers’ moral judgment of whether they are deserving of police’s discretionary power to look the other way.
Knowledge of, about, for, and against Criminalized Migration
Authors: Geddes Andrew
Published: June 2024

While this volume contributes to the expansion of knowledge about the criminalization of migration, this article seeks to build on collected contributions by identifying gaps that can impede uptake of this knowledge, particularly by policymakers and practitioners. I argue that a key challenge is not necessarily a lack of scientific evidence and information, but limits to the use or uptake of research. These limits are characterized as being linked to more general challenges of “post-normal” science when facts and values can at times be uncertain and contested while the stakes are very high and the need for decisions is seen as being urgent.
Control and Flexibility: The Use of Wearable Devices in Capital- and Labor-Intensive Work Processes
Authors: Krzywdzinski Martin , Evers Maren , Gerber Christine
Published: June 2024

The use of wearables in the workplace allows for close monitoring of work processes and might also have consequences for work content and skill requirements. Past research has emphasized the detrimental effects of wearables, particularly those caused by the standardization of work and monitoring of workers. By contrast, this study asks under what conditions the implementation of wearables as part of digital assistance systems is beneficial for workers. Based on recent contributions in the field of labor process theory, this study analyzes the implementation of new technologies using the concepts of the regulatory regime, organizational first-order factors, and workplace second-order choices. The analysis is based on findings from 48 interviews with 83 interviewees in 16 German manufacturing workplaces along with making site visits. It examines the implementation of wearables and the impacts on work content, skills, working conditions, and employment. Besides showing how labor agency affects the implementation of new technologies, the particular contribution of this study lies in analyzing the differences in the implementation of wearables in capital- and labor-intensive organizations. While standardization of work and reduction of work content prevailed in labor-intensive processes, capital-intensive processes were most often characterized by the extension of skill requirements and the risk of work intensification.
Research on experiment for operation performance of water pumping and energy storage by photovoltaic pump
Authors: Wang Yanjin , Gao Linchao , Xie Yi , Shen Fuping , Hao Qingying , Jia Bing
Published: June 2024

In this article, the behaviors of both flow and generated output of photovoltaic pump, the characteristics of both water pumping efficiency and output frequency, and the feature of charge capacity in accumulators have been tested through experiments, based on the integrated application system for water pumping, energy storage and illumination by photovoltaic pump, and in combination with composition and operation performance of photovoltaic water pumping system. According to the experimental results and under a constant delivery head, the photovoltaic pump and accumulator energy storage system with a total measured power of 1.8375 kWp in a photovoltaic array produces a daily water output of 13.1 m3 and an average water output of 1.93 m3/h; the maximum water pumping efficiency of the system is 12.7% and the average water pumping efficiency is 11.1%; meanwhile, the energy storage capacity of accumulators by charging in three time periods throughout a day is 1.01 kWh, which accounts for about 9.72% of the photovoltaic array's all-day generated energy, namely 10.3 kWh. Those conclusions have certain practical implications for the optimal configuration of photovoltaic water pumping system.
Investigating Directional Invariance in an Item Response Tree Model for Extreme Response Style and Trait-Based Unfolding Responses
Authors: He Siqi , Kern Justin L.
Published: June 2024

Item response tree (IRTree) approaches have received increasing attention in the response style literature due to their capability to partial out response style latent traits from content-related latent traits by considering separate decisions for agreement and level of agreement. Additionally, it has shown that the functioning of the intensity of agreement decision may depend upon the agreement decision with an item, so that the item parameters and person parameters may differ by direction of agreement; when the parameters across direction are the same, this is called directional invariance. Furthermore, for non-cognitive psychological constructs, it has been argued that the response process may be best described as following an unfolding process. In this study, a family of IRTree models to handle unfolding responses with the agreement decision following the hyperbolic cosine model and the intensity of agreement decision following a graded response model is investigated. This model family also allows for investigation of item- and person-level directional invariance. A simulation study is conducted to evaluate parameter recovery; model parameters are estimated with a fully Bayesian approach using JAGS (Just Another Gibbs Sampler). The proposed modeling scheme is demonstrated with two data examples with multiple model comparisons allowing for varying levels of directional invariance and unfolding versus dominance processes. An approach to visualizing the final model item response functioning is also developed. The article closes with a short discussion about the results.
Development of a bioelectrical impedance analysis-based prediction equation for body composition of rural children aged 4–8 years in Myanmar
Authors: Maw Aye Aye , Thwin Theingi , Owino Victor O , Ward Leigh C
Published: June 2024

Background: Reliable and accurate estimates of body composition are essential when studying the various health correlates of disease. Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is an affordable and feasible body composition assessment technique for clinical and field settings. Total body water (TBW) and hence fat-free mass is estimated by predictive regression algorithms using anthropometric measurements plus the resistance index. Aim: The study aimed to develop a BIA prediction equation for TBW in children in Myanmar using the deuterium dilution technique as the reference method. Methods: The study design was cross-sectional in a school setting with convenience sampling of participants. One hundred and two healthy children (57 boys and 45 girls) with aged 4 and 8 years participated; randomly divided into the prediction group (29 boys and 22 girls) and cross-validation group (28 boys and 23 girls). Whole-body impedance, anthropometric and TBW (by D2O dilution) measurements. The prediction equation was cross-validated using a split-group design and compared to published equations for contemporaneous populations. Results: TBW could be predicted by the following equation. TBW = 0.4597 * Weight (kg) + 0.1564 * Impedance index + 0.6075 ( R2 = 0.891, P < 0.0001) with a correlation coefficient of 0.942 and limits of agreement of 0.98 kg TBW on cross-validation. Conclusions: This equation can be used to predict body composition in young (aged 4–8 years) children in Myanmar but because the age range of the participants in the present study was relatively narrow, more research in different age groups is required to establish its broader applicability.
Efficacy and tolerability of 100 mg of lasmiditan for migraine: A multi-center, prospective observational real-world study in Japan
Authors: Ishii Ryotaro , Ishizuchi Kei , Watanabe Narumi , Fukazawa Ryosuke , Trivedi Meesha , Nakahara Jin , Takizawa Tsubasa
Published: June 2024

Background

Real-world data on the effectiveness and safety of lasmiditan, a new medication for acute migraine attacks, is necessary.

Methods

We performed a prospective, observational, multi-center, real-world study. A total of 48 patients with migraine (44 females, 44.6 ± 12.9 years old) were included in this study.

Results

Twenty-three patients (47.9%) reported they were headache-free two hours after taking lasmiditan and were categorized into the responder group. In total, 44 patients (91.7%) experienced at least one side effect within two hours of taking the medication. Dizziness, somnolence, malaise, nausea, and palpitations were reported by 56.3% (n = 27), 45.8% (n = 22), 37.5% (n = 18), 20.8% (n = 10), and 14.6% (n = 7) of patients respectively. Of 48 patients, 20 (41.7%) indicated that they preferred lasmiditan to their previous acute treatment. There were no predictive factors for efficacy.

Conclusion

This real-world study demonstrated the efficacy and safety of lasmiditan. More than 90% of patients experienced side effects from lasmiditan. Approximately 40% of patients preferred lasmiditan despite the occurrence of side effects.