bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kompetensi Digital Guru Sekolah Dasar di Kota Semarang: Analisis Multivariat
Authors: Ibda Hamidulloh
Published: June 2023

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis keterampilan literasi digital guru Sekolah Dasar (SD). Metode penelitian kuantitatif dengan populasi 35 guru SD Kota Semarang yang dipilih secara random sampling. Data penelitian dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner 25 komponen tentang keterampilan digital. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan MANOVA berbantuan aplikasi IBM SPSS versi 22. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan antara guru yang pernah mendapatkan pelatihan/ workshop pembelajaran digital/ TIK dengan yang belum mendapatkannya terhadap keterampilan teknis menggunakan teknologi digital, Sebaliknya, tidak terdapat perbedaan pada kompetensi digital guru pada aspek kemamapuan menggunakan dan menerapkan teknologi digital dalam situasi kerja berbeda dan pada aspek kemampuan mengevaluasi teknologi digital. Hasil uji MANOVA menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan antara guru sertifikasi maupun guru yang belum bersertifikasi ditinjau dari keterampilan teknis menggunakan teknologi digital, kemampuan menggunakan dan menerapkan teknologi digital dalam situasi kerja yang berbeda, kemampuan mengevaluasi teknologi digital secara kritis untuk masalah etika, keterbatasan, dan tantangannya, motivasi untuk berpartisipasi dan berkomitmen pada budaya digital. Penelitian berikutnya perlu mengekplorasi lebih dalam terkait kompetensi digital guru SD utamanya yang telah mendapatkan pelatihan dan sertifikasi pendidik.Abstract: This study aims to analyze the digital literacy skills of elementary school teachers. Quantitative research method with a population of 35 elementary school teachers in Semarang City selected by random sampling. The research data were collected through a 25-component questionnaire on digital skills. The results showed a difference between teachers who had received training/ workshops on digital learning/ ICT and those who had yet to receive it on the technical skills of using digital technology. In contrast, teachers' digital competence was the same in the aspect of the ability to use and apply digital technology in different work situations and the ability to evaluate digital technology. The Manova test results show no difference between certified teachers and uncertified teachers in terms of technical skills using digital technology, the ability to use and apply digital technology in different work situations, the ability to critically evaluate digital technology for ethical issues, limitations, and challenges, motivation to participate and commit to digital culture. Future research needs to explore the digital competencies of primary school teachers, especially those who have received educator training and certification.
Investigating the Effectiveness of Game Development for Educators
Authors: Tengku Paris Tengku Nazatul Shima , Mustapha Ramlan , Abas Hafiza , Cochrane Todd
Published: June 2023

Mobile Assisted Language Learning (MALL) has become a popular topic recently due to the rapid development of mobile devices. The objective of this study is to revalidate game principles via MALL and to obtain consensus and expert opinions on the principles. The study employs the Fuzzy Delphi technique to collect responses from nine English Language specialists. The triangular fuzzy numbering method was used to analyze the data, and the 'defuzzification' process was used to determine each variable's position (ranking). According to the findings, the response and expert consensus on the game principles scale is satisfactory
Needle-stick Incidents among Nurses: Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices in the Workplace
Authors: Yazid Jheffany , Raja Yaakub Raja Mek , Yusof Suzana , Wilandika Angga
Published: June 2023

This cross-sectional study assessed the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of nurses regarding needle-stick injuries (NSIs) in a public hospital in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. The majority of nurses exhibited good awareness of NSIs and related infections. Concerns about NSIs and sharps disposal containers were common among nurses. Most nurses practiced safe handling and disposal of needles but had room for improvement in consistent glove usage and adherence to post-exposure prophylaxis. Targeted interventions and educational programs are needed to enhance knowledge, attitudes, and practices, ensuring better workplace safety for healthcare workers and reducing the risk of blood-borne pathogen transmission.
Understanding the Perception of Generation Z towards Fast Food's Product Safety, Nutrition, and Health
Authors: Tahir Nor Suziwana , Ahmad Yarina , Bustami Mohammad Reevany , Abd Hamid Siti Nur Fathanah , Muhammad Zamri Nor Ezatie Mukminah , Mulyany Ratna
Published: June 2023

Adolescence is crucial before the transition to adulthood, and developing healthy eating behaviours in early adolescence is vital for long-term health and well-being. The high prevalence of fast food consumption among the young generation leads to excessive weight. Hence, this study investigates how Generation Z perceives the CSR practices performed by fast food restaurants to ensure products' safety, nutrition, and health. The Theory of Stakeholder is employed to explain the responsibility of businesses to their stakeholders. 330 respondents responded to the survey. This study confirms that the four CSR dimensions influence fast food's product safety, nutrition, and health.
Quantifying Benefit-Risk Trade-Offs Toward Prophylactic Treatment Among Adult Patients With Hemophilia A in China: Discrete Choice Experiment Study
Authors: Wang Limin , Liu Shimeng , Jiang Shan , Li Chaofan , Lu Liyong , Fang Yunhai , Li Shunping
Published: June 2023

Background

Hemophilia A is a chronic condition that requires meticulous treatment and management. Patient preferences for prophylactic treatment can substantially influence adherence, outcomes, and quality of life, yet these preferences remain underexplored, particularly in China.

Objective

This study aimed to investigate the preferences for prophylactic treatment among Chinese adult patients with hemophilia A without inhibitors, considering clinical effectiveness, side effects, dosing mode, and dosing frequency.

Methods

A discrete choice experiment was used to elicit patient preferences for prophylactic treatment of hemophilia. The study was conducted across 7 provinces in China with socioeconomic and geographical diversity. Subgroup analysis was performed according to education level, geographic location, and treatment type, alongside the exploration of benefit-risk trade-offs.

Results

A total of 113 patients completed the discrete choice experiment questionnaire, and we included 102 responses for analysis based on predetermined exclusion criteria. The study found that patients prioritized reducing annual bleeding times and avoiding the risk of developing inhibitors over treatment process attributes. Subgroup analysis revealed that lower-educated patients and those from rural areas attached more importance to the dosing mode, likely due to barriers to self-administration. Patients demonstrated a clear understanding of benefit-risk trade-offs, exhibiting a willingness to accept an increased risk of developing inhibitors for improved clinical outcomes.

Conclusions

This study provides valuable insights into the preferences of patients with hemophilia A for prophylactic treatment in China. Understanding these preferences can enhance shared decision-making between patients and clinicians, fostering personalized prophylactic treatment plans that may optimize adherence and improve clinical outcomes.
Microtemporal Dynamics of Dietary Intake, Physical Activity, and Impulsivity in Adult Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Ecological Momentary Assessment Study Within Nutritional Psychiatry
Authors: Ruf Alea , Neubauer Andreas B , Koch Elena D , Ebner-Priemer Ulrich , Reif Andreas , Matura Silke
Published: June 2023

Background

Increasing attention is being paid to lifestyle factors, such as nutrition and physical activity (PA), as potential complementary treatment options in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Previous research indicates that sugar and saturated fat intake may be linked to increased impulsivity, a core symptom of ADHD, whereas protein intake and PA may be related to reduced impulsivity. However, most studies rely on cross-sectional data that lack microtemporal resolution and ecological validity, wherefore questions of microtemporal dynamics (eg, is the consumption of foods high in sugar associated with increased impulsivity within minutes or hours?) remain largely unanswered. Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) has the potential to bridge this gap.

Objective

This study is the first to apply EMA to assess microtemporal associations among macronutrient intake, PA, and state impulsivity in the daily life of adults with and without ADHD.

Methods

Over a 3-day period, participants reported state impulsivity 8 times per day (signal-contingent), recorded food and drink intake (event-contingent), and wore an accelerometer. Multilevel 2-part models were used to study the association among macronutrient intake, PA, and the probability to be impulsive as well as the intensity of impulsivity (ADHD: n=36; control: n=137).

Results

No association between macronutrient intake and state impulsivity was found. PA was not related to the intensity of impulsivity but to a higher probability to be impulsive (ADHD: β=−.09, 95% CI −0.14 to −0.04; control: β=−.03, 95% CI −0.05 to −0.01). No evidence was found that the combined intake of saturated fat and sugar amplified the increase in state impulsivity and that PA alleviated the positive association between sugar or fat intake and state impulsivity.

Conclusions

Important methodological considerations are discussed that can contribute to the optimization of future EMA protocols. EMA research in the emerging field of nutritional psychiatry is still in its infancy; however, EMA is a highly promising and innovative approach as it offers insights into the microtemporal dynamics of psychiatric symptomology, dietary intake, and PA in daily life.
Machine Learning–Enabled Clinical Information Systems Using Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources Data Standards: Scoping Review
Authors: Balch Jeremy A , Ruppert Matthew M , Loftus Tyler J , Guan Ziyuan , Ren Yuanfang , Upchurch Gilbert R , Ozrazgat-Baslanti Tezcan , Rashidi Parisa , Bihorac Azra
Published: June 2023

Background

Machine learning–enabled clinical information systems (ML-CISs) have the potential to drive health care delivery and research. The Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources (FHIR) data standard has been increasingly applied in developing these systems. However, methods for applying FHIR to ML-CISs are variable.

Objective

This study evaluates and compares the functionalities, strengths, and weaknesses of existing systems and proposes guidelines for optimizing future work with ML-CISs.

Methods

Embase, PubMed, and Web of Science were searched for articles describing machine learning systems that were used for clinical data analytics or decision support in compliance with FHIR standards. Information regarding each system’s functionality, data sources, formats, security, performance, resource requirements, scalability, strengths, and limitations was compared across systems.

Results

A total of 39 articles describing FHIR-based ML-CISs were divided into the following three categories according to their primary focus: clinical decision support systems (n=18), data management and analytic platforms (n=10), or auxiliary modules and application programming interfaces (n=11). Model strengths included novel use of cloud systems, Bayesian networks, visualization strategies, and techniques for translating unstructured or free-text data to FHIR frameworks. Many intelligent systems lacked electronic health record interoperability and externally validated evidence of clinical efficacy.

Conclusions

Shortcomings in current ML-CISs can be addressed by incorporating modular and interoperable data management, analytic platforms, secure interinstitutional data exchange, and application programming interfaces with adequate scalability to support both real-time and prospective clinical applications that use electronic health record platforms with diverse implementations.
Tính liên thông của tập nghiệm hữu hiệu yếu cho bài toán tối ưu tập không lồi
Authors: Nguyễn Thái Anh , Phạm Thanh Dược , Nguyễn Thị Ngọc Tuyết
Published: June 2023

Bài báo này xem xét một bài toán tối ưu tập không lồi và thảo luận các điều kiện liên thông cho tập nghiệm hữu hiệu yếu của nó. Đầu tiên, các khái niệm khác nhau về tính liên thông cho ánh xạ có giá trị tập được đề xuất. Thứ hai, các điều kiện đủ cho tính liên thông cho một dạng mở rộng của hàm khoảng cách định hướng của Hiriart-Urruty được trình bày. Cuối cùng, tính liên thông của tập nghiệm hữu hiệu yếu cho bài toán trên được nghiên cứu thông qua dạng mở rộng của hàm khoảng cách định hướng của Hiriart-Urruty.
Quan niệm nghệ thuật về con người trong tiểu thuyết Đường xưa mây trắng của Thích Nhất Hạnh
Authors: Hồ Thị Ngọc Nho , Nguyễn Thị Hồng Hạnh
Published: June 2023

Quan niệm nghệ thuật về con người là sự khám phá về con người bằng nghệ thuật, mang dấu ấn sáng tạo, độc đáo của nhà văn. Là một vị thiền sư, Thích Nhất Hạnh đã bày tỏ tinh thần đề cao Tâm Bồ Đề, sự giác ngộ và tỉnh thức nơi con người qua nhiều sáng tác như: Đường xưa mây trắng, Nẻo về của Ý, Phép lạ của sự tỉnh thức, Am mây ngủ, Giọt nước cành dương,… Các tác phẩm ấy đã truyền đi những thông điệp nhân văn, giàu tính giáo dục và lòng thương yêu, góp phần làm phong phú cho văn học Phật giáo nói riêng và văn học Việt Nam nói chung. Bài viết này được thực hiện nhằm tập trung làm rõ biểu hiện và ý nghĩa của quan niệm nghệ thuật về con người trong tiểu thuyết Đường xưa mây trắng, một tác phẩm tiêu biểu cho sự nghiệp sáng tác, đồng thời bộc lộ rõ nét quan niệm nghệ thuật về con người của thiền sư – nhà văn Thích Nhất Hạnh.
Nghiên cứu cấu trúc điện tử của dãy penta-silicene đơn lớp bằng phương pháp phiếm hàm mật độ dựa trên liên kết mạnh
Authors: Trường Đại học Sư phạm Kĩ thuật Vĩnh Long Lê Thị Thuý My , Hồ Quốc Duy , Ca Ca Nguyễn Anh Khoa , Trương Trương Quốc Tuấn , Trương Anh Quân , Huỳnh Anh Huy
Published: June 2023

Lý thuyết phiếm hàm mật độ dựa trên liên kết mạnh (DFTB) được sử dụng để nghiên cứu cấu trúc điện tử của dãy penta-silicene với độ rộng dãy khác nhau. Dãy penta-silicene tạo ra bằng cách cắt từ màng penta-silicene sau khi hồi phục, bốn loại biên thu được gồm: răng cưa (SS), zigzag - zigzag (ZZ), armchair - armchair (AA), zigzag - armchair (ZA). Tuy nhiên, penta–silicene không ổn định. Sự ổn định động học của penta –silicene được khôi phục lại bằng cách gắn Hidro lên bề mặt. Qua kết quả tính toán năng lượng biên, việc hình thành dãy penta-silicene từ màng 2D là khả thi. Thêm vào đó, dựa trên tính toán năng lượng liên kết, dạng biên SS có cấu trúc ổn định nhất. Cấu trúc điện tử của penta –silicene cũng được nghiên cứu, kết quả là tìm thấy được tất cả dạng biên đều tồn tại vùng cấm và khi độ rộng dãy tăng lên thì độ rộng vùng cấm giảm.
Thực trạng và các yếu tố ảnh hưởng đến tiến độ tốt nghiệp theo chương trình đào tạo của sinh viên Trường Đại học Cần Thơ
Authors: Lê Văn Nhương , Nguyễn Thanh Tường
Published: June 2023

Phương pháp tổng hợp tài liệu và phương pháp khảo sát được sử dụng để tiến hành các hoạt động nghiên cứu. Qua kết quả khảo sát 3.069 sinh viên (SV) được thực hiện vào tháng 01 năm 2023, tỉ lệ SV chậm tiến độ chung của toàn Trường Đại học Cần Thơ (ĐHCT) năm 2022 là 18,3%, có Khoa trên 20%. Xét ở góc độ ngành, tỉ lệ chậm tiến độ tốt nghiệp của một số ngành thuộc nhóm kỹ thuật, nông nghiệp và phát triển nông thôn rất cao (trên 50%). Có rất nhiều yếu tố tác động đến tiến độ tốt nghiệp của SV Trường ĐHCT, các yếu tố này có thể chia thành 4 nhóm gồm: nhóm yếu tố cá nhân, nhóm yếu tố nhà trường, nhóm yếu tố gia đình và nhóm yếu tố xã hội. Mỗi nhóm yếu tố sẽ có tác động khác nhau trên từng đối tượng SV, trong đó, nhóm yếu tố nhà trường và xã hội là có ảnh hưởng nhiều nhất. Xét từng yếu tố thì việc đăng ký học phần khó khăn, lựa chọn phương pháp học tập không phù hợp, thiếu các kỹ năng mềm và mối lo tài chính là những yếu tố tác động lớn nhất đến tiến độ tốt nghiệp của SV. Biện pháp cơ bản nhất là sự phối hợp từ nhiều phía để hỗ trợ cho SV...
On the English Translation of Culture-Specific Items in the Gua Sha Treatment Based on Domestication and Foreignization
Authors: Xu Ling , Huang Sihong
Published: June 2023

The film, The Gua Sha Treatment, is regarded as a global successful in spreading Chinese culture internationally. Its subtitles are normally loaded with culture-specific items which may directly or indirectly influence the acceptability of film audiences. By collecting and classifying the culture-specific items in the subtitle translation of the film, the paper analyzes its subtitle translation from the perspective of domestication and foreignization. It demonstrates that the subtitle translation of culture-specific items in the film prioritizes domestication, with foreignization as a secondary option. Free translation is frequently employed in translating those items loaded with Chinese culture, followed by literal translation and transliteration. This facilitates the international dissemination of Chinese culture by making subtitles easily comprehensible to target audiences. In addition, the translation model can provide references for the ongoing subtitle translation of the film characterized with Chinese culture.
Niosomal Drug Delivery for Oral Route
Authors: Bhosale Prashant S.
Published: June 2023

Abstract: Niosomes are artificial vesicles with potential technological advantages. They are non-ionic surfactant vesicles. As efficient drug delivery systems with a wide range of uses, niosomes have the same potential benefits as phospholipid vesicles (liposomes), including the capacity to hold both water- and lipid-soluble pharmaceutical molecules. Niosomes can also be thought of as more cost-effective, chemically stable, and occasionally physically stable alternatives to liposomes. Simple preparation techniques and commonly used surfactants in pharmaceutical technology can be employed to create niosomes. Numerous studies have covered noisome physicochemical characteristics and their uses as drug delivery vehicles. In this report, a brief and simplified summary of different theories of self-assembly are discussed. Furthermore, manufacturing methods, physical characterization techniques, bilayer membrane additives, unconventional niosomes (discomes, proniosomes, elastic and polyhedral niosomes), their recent applications as drug delivery systems, limitations and directions for future research will be discussed.
A Study on Rocker-Bogie Mechanism for a Planetary Rover Prototype
Authors: Kakde Pawan N. , Choudhary Dr. S. K.
Published: June 2023

Abstract: In light of the notable rocker-bogie mechanism, this paper shows an ideal plan of a rocker-bogie suspension framework so as to ensure high mobile steadiness as well as excellent versatility of a prototype rover vehicle while traversing through rough terrains. It is essentially a suspension arrangement utilized in mechanical automated vehicles utilized explicitly for space investigation. The rocker-bogie suspension-based rovers have been effectively presented for the Mars Pathfinder and Mars Exploration Rover (MER) and Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) missions led by zenith space investigation laboratories all through the world. The proposed suspension framework is presently the most supported structure for each space investigation organization. It is basically a mechanism which comprises of two arms with wheel mounted to each and the two arms are associated through a versatile joint. The current development in design has been studied as well as a different approach towards designing the basic structure of suspension has been done. It has been further verified using various static and dynamic load calculations, solid modeling computer aided design software and simulation software for analysis and testing
Review on Design and Analysis in Ultimate State of Bridge for Class 70R IRC Loading
Authors: Dhawale Mr. Himanshu K.
Published: June 2023

Abstract: Due to its increased carrying capacity, pre-pressurized concrete bridge flooring have recently seen growth in the field of bridge engineering. IRC codal keywords were used for the analysis. One of the largest varieties of cast in situ concrete decks with a concrete slab attached to belts are T-beam bridge decks. The standard structural analysis method FEM (standard feature approach) in STAAD Pro rates the continuum mechanics problem. This study analyses a single-span t-beam bridge by varying the lengths by 25, 30, 35, and 40 metres while keeping the width constant. To ascertain the curve time and shear strength, models of bridges of the IRC AA category and the IRC loading system of section 70Rtracked were used. According to the investigation, there are no discernible differences between the Courbon method and the limited feature method as the span increases.
Flexural Performance of RC Beam with the Partial Replacement of Cement with EggshellPowder(ESP)
Authors: Bhavsar Chaitanya
Published: June 2023

Abstract: It's a renowned fact that concrete used around the globe is second only to water. The cement industries have been categorized as highly polluting industries by the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB). The production of ordinary Portland cement contributes 5-7% of total greenhouse gas emission and also consumes large amount of energy, hence it is crucial to discover substitute to cement. Eggshell is a waste material that can be obtained from restaurants, bakeries and households. Eggshell powder (ESP) has high amounts of calcium and can be combined with pozzolanic materials, such as fly ash, which have low calcium content. If effective uses for eggshell can be found, it would create an opportunity for a sustainable solution. Eggshell waste is among the most abundant agro-waste material discharged from food processing industries. Despite the exceptional properties and several applications, eggshell is castoff in huge quantity without any further use. This review paper focuses on appraising the potential uses of eggshell waste as a feedstock for production of sustainable construction materials. The emphasis is on the need to exploit extensively eggshell waste as a partial cement replacement material in cement-based construction materials. This study focuses on the viability of using calcined eggshells (CES) as a partial replacement of cement by analysing early age performance. Compressive, Flexural and Split Tensile Strength of concrete with 10%, 15%, 20% cement replacement with eggshell powder. The utilization of PES which offers a low-cost and energy-efficient resource for construction.
TRT TÜRK HALK MÜZİĞİ REPERTUARINDA YER ALAN HİCAZ MAKAMINDAKİ ESERLERİN TÜRK MÜZİĞİ SES EĞİTİMİ BAĞLAMINDA İNCELENMESİ
Authors: UÇAR Emrah , SAĞER Turan
Published: June 2023

Müzik eğitimi içerisinde önemli bir yere sahip olan ses eğitimine yönelik uygulamalar, bütün müzik tarzlarında titizlikle yürütülmesi gereken uygulamalardır. Bu önemi barındırmasının en büyük sebebi ham maddesinin insan sesi olmasından kaynaklanmasıdır. İnsan sesinin de bir enstrüman olduğu savından hareketle sesin eğitimi konusunda diğer enstrümanlara göre daha hassas içerikler söz konusu olmaktadır. Çünkü insanın icat ettiği enstrümanlarla insan sesi arasında standardizasyon bakımından büyük farklılıklar bulunmaktadır. Örneğin bir piyanonun veya gitarın fiziki kapasitesine bağlı değişkenler duyulan sese çok az etki ederken insan sesinde bu durum insandan insana farklılık göstermekte ve çok fazla çeşitlenmektedir. Öte yandan ses eğitimi konusunda özellikle klasik batı müziğinde belirli standartlar yakalanmış olsa da Türk Müziği gibi mikrotonal unsurları içerisinde barındıran müzik türlerinde belirli standartlara ulaşmak zorlaşmaktadır. Türk müziğine yönelik ses eğitimi konusunda geçmişten günümüze kadar kullanılan meşk usulü, tümdengelim mantığıyla etkili bir yöntem olarak sürdürülmektedir. Fakat literatürde evrensel bir çerçeveye oturtulamamaktadır. Bu çalışmada Türk müziği ses eğitimi konusunda oluşturulabilecek evrensel bir literatüre katkı sağlamak amacıyla Türk müziği repertuarı anlamında en güvenilir ve kapsamlı içeriklere sahip olan TRT Türk müziği repertuarından faydalanılmıştır. Tampere sistemde de karşılığının bulunması sebebiyle TRT Türk halk müziği repertuarında yer alan Hicâz makamındaki 524 eser ses eğitimi pratikleri bakımından yapısal olarak analiz edilerek, Hicâz makamındaki eserler üzerinden Türk müziği ses eğitimi konusuna odaklanılmaya çalışılmıştır.
Prevalence of Anaemia and Associated Factors in Lactating Mothers Accessing Health Services at Ishaka Adventist Hospital, Bushenyi District
Authors: Ajugwo Anslem , Opigo Robert Unzi , Obeagu Emmanuel Ifeanyi
Published: June 2023

The study was done to determine the prevalence of anaemia and its associated factors in lactating mothers accessing health services at Ishaka Adventist Hospital, Bushenyi district. A cross-sectional study design was used. Structured questionnaires were used to obtain socio-demographic, obstetric and other related anemia factors while blood samples were obtained for hemoglobin determination. Data obtained were entered into excel and exported to SPSS Version 25.0 for analysis. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were performed to assess the factors associated with anaemia. The study results showed 11.7% prevalence of anaemia. Taking iron supplement during pregnancy was significantly associated with anaemia among lactating mothers. The prevalence of anaemia among lactating mothers accessing services at health services at Ishaka Adventist Hospital, Bushenyi district was low (11.7%).Taking iron supplement during pregnancy was significantly associated with anaemia among lactating mothers.
Keywords: anaemia, lactating mothers, pregnancy, Ishaka Adventist Hospital
Evaluation of Biochemical Parameters of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Based on Age and Gender in Umuahia
Authors: Ezema Godfrey Ogochukwu , Omeh Ndukaku Yusuf , Egbachukwu Simeon , Agbo Ejiofor C. , Ikeyi Adachukwu Pauline , Obeagu Emmanuel Ifeanyi
Published: June 2023

Diabetes mellitus is a major public health issue. The study was done to determine the changes in some biochemical parameters between type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and apparently healthy adults in Umuahia. The fasting blood glucose was significantly higher in females than in males in the diabetic   population. The table   revealed a significantly (P<0.05) higher levels of serum total cholesterol, trialytglycerol, LDL-cholesterol, in females than males, except low HDL cholesterol (P<0.05) compared to male matched patients. Glycated haemoglobin was significantly (P<0.05) higher in female than male. Creatinine was significantly (P<0.05) higher in male. Urea was also significantly (P<0.05) higher in female. Potassium was significantly (P<0.05) higher in females. Bicarbonate was significantly (P<0.05) lower in female.The study showed a significantly (P<0.05) higher levels of total cholesterol, trialyglycerol, LDL- cholesterol in patient’s aged between 57-74years, except low HDL-cholesterol (P<0.05) compared to those aged between 40-56years.   Fasting blood glucose and HbAIC were significantly (P<0.05) higher in age limit 57-74years than 40-56years. Urea and creatinine were significantly (P<0.05) low in patients aged 57-74years when compared to age 40-56years.  However, HDL concentration was significantly (P<0.05) high in the 40-56years when compared to 57-74years.Elevated levels of triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), and glycated haemoglobin (Glyc.Hb) and reduced levels of HD. 
Keywords: Type 2 diabetes mellitus, lipid profile, kidney function, liver function, glycated haemoglobin, fasting blood sugar.
Leaflet media as an effort to increase knowledge of dental health maintenance in elementary school students
Authors: Emini Emini , Amalia Lola , Purnama Tedi
Published: June 2023

Knowledge can be increased through health promotion. In terms of the age at which children are susceptible to disease, counseling is especially aimed at groups prone to dental and oral health problems, namely elementary school-aged children. Leaflet media is the right media to increase the knowledge of fourth grade students where students can already read. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of dental and oral health maintenance knowledge before and after being given counseling using leaflet media to class IV students at SDN Sawangan 07 Depok in 2022. The research design used was quasi-experimental. The sampling technique with a total sample of 36 students. Data was collected by filling out pre-test and post-test questionnaires given to class IVB students. Data analysis used paired sample test. The results of the study before being given counseling about dental health maintenance using leaflet media had a good level of knowledge category of 25 people with a percentage of 69%, the level of knowledge in the sufficient category was 5 people with a percentage of 14%, and the level of knowledge in the poor category was 6 people with a percentage of 17%. The results of the study after being given counseling about maintaining dental health with leaflet media, most of the respondents had a good level of knowledge, 29 people with a percentage of 81%, the level of knowledge in the sufficient category was 7 people with a percentage of 19%, and no students were included in the poor category. The results of the paired sample test analysis obtained a p-value of 0.000. Conclusion: leaflet media is effective in increasing knowledge about maintaining oral health in elementary school students.
Keywords: Leaflet media, knowledge, dental health, elementary school students
Multiple Autoimmune Syndrome (MAIS): About Two Cases
Authors: Bouagaga R. , Alaoui H. Bennasser , Bachir H. , Hamaz S. , Serraj K.
Published: June 2023

MAIS is a rare entity, characterised by a combination of several autoimmune disorders. It is divided into three groups. Biermer disease (BD) belongs to MAIS 3 and is an autoimmune atrophic gastritis causing vitamin B12 deficiency, often associated with autoimmune diseases. The most frequently described are endocrinopathies, dominated by autoimmune thyroiditis followed by type 1 diabetes. Others have been reported, such as vitiligo, Gougerot-Sjögren syndrome and systemic lupus erythematosus. The coexistence of Biermer disease, AHAI or Biermer disease, primary biliary cirrhosis (PCB) and immunological thrombocytopenicpurpura (ITP) is rare. The diagnosis of Biermer's disease therefore requires systematic screening for other autoimmunedisorders.
Keywords: multiple autoimmune syndrome, Biermer disease, autoimmunity, atrophicgastritis, replacement therapy.
A case of Covid-19 revealed by extensive portomesenteric thrombosis
Authors: Bouagaga Racida , Alaoui H. Bennasser , Bachir H. , Hamaz S. , Serraj K.
Published: June 2023

Covid-19 is an inflammatory disease primarily affecting the respiratory system, but can affect multiple organs causing multiple organ failure. Thrombosis is a major prognostic complication during SARS-Co-2 infection. We report the case of a young patient consulting for an acute febrile abdomen, whose abdominal CT scan showed extensive porto-mesenteric thrombosis. A systematic Covid-19 PCR test coming back positive. The assessment objectified a positive JAK2 mutation. This reflects the interest of broad screening for SARS-Cov-2 infection, by PCR test and initial imaging aimed at looking for thromboembolic disease, and of a comprehensive etiological approach.
Keywords: SARS-Cov-2 infection, Thromboembolic disease, PCR Covid-19, systematic screening, Extensive thrombosis, mortality, JAK2.
Maxillary premolar root and canal morphology in a Nigerian population: An in-vitro study
Authors: Agholor Collins Nimbiye , Sede Matthew Asizide , Ibhawoh Louis
Published: June 2023

Aim: To describe the external and internal root anatomy of maxillary first and second premolars in a Nigerian population using decalcification, clearing and staining technique.
Materials and Methods: Ninety-six maxillary first premolars and one hundred and sixteen maxillary second premolars from 212 consenting adults indicated for extraction were studied. They were then decalcified, cleared and stained in vitro. The number of roots, tooth length, direction of root curvature, number of canals, canal configuration and number of apical foramina were noted.
Results: The maxillary first premolars were mostly two rooted (70.8%) while maxillary second premolars predominantly had one root (82.8%) (p=0.001) and two canals. The mean tooth length for the maxillary first (21.87mm) and second (21.56mm) premolars was determined. There was no statistically significant difference between tooth length and gender in the teeth studied.
The majority of single rooted teeth studied were curved distally, with more variable canal configurations than two rooted specimens. Overall, type IV configuration was the most prevalent in both maxillary first (81.2%) and second premolars (58.6%).
Lateral canals were present in 29.2% of maxillary first and in 34.4% of second premolars studied. Inter- canal communications were observed in 20.8% of maxillary first premolars and 6.8% of maxillary second premolars. Root canals exited with multiple foramina in both maxillary first (83.3%) and second (62.1%) premolars.
Conclusion: Maxillary first premolars were mostly two rooted while maxillary second premolars predominantly had a single root in the studied population. Also, the majority of the teeth studied had two canals and type IV canal configuration.  Anatomic variations in these teeth should be borne in mind when carrying out endodontic treatment. 
Keywords: Maxillary premolars, root canal, morphology, Nigerian
Drug-Induced Liver Injury from Anti-Tuberculosis Treatment in a Case of TB Meningitis
Authors: ALakkad Ashraf , Sami Mahmoud , Abdalla Jehad Saleh , Tahir Nahla El
Published: June 2023

This case study revolves around a 38-year-old male patient who arrived at the Emergency department complaining of decreased levels of consciousness, agitation, and disorientation. The case follows his admittance to the ICU, while a team of doctors worked on finding a possible diagnosis for his condition.

It was later in the course of his disease that it was found from his CSF(Cerebrospinal fluid) sample that he was suffering from tuberculous meningitis. The culture result revealed a strain of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis that was sensitive to all the major anti-tuberculous drugs. This was a favorable point for the prognosis of this patient. Once he was started on a regimen of selected anti-TB drugs, his symptoms improved to the point of successful discharge from the hospital.

However, a few days later, the patient again started experiencing symptoms that were serious enough to justify hospital admission. It was found that it was not any primary issue causing the symptoms this time, but rather the toxicity of the anti-tuberculous drugs. However, due to timely diagnosis, intervention, and management, his condition was managed effectively and he was discharged once again.

This case study aims to measure the importance of prescribing the most effective yet adequate treatment regimen for all patients, keeping in mind several overlooked yet highly important health-related factors that could either exacerbate or deteriorate pre-existing health concerns in a given patient. If the patient had been evaluated carefully for any underlying liver diseases or been given a short trial to see if he could withstand the high dose of anti-tuberculous drugs, he would not have faced such dreadful consequences, though they were managed quickly.

Keywords: Cerebrospinal fluid, Mycobacterium Tuberculosis, liver diseases, anti-tuberculous drugs.
Molecular Characterisation of Multidrug Resistant Pathogen Isolated from Egg and its Control Measures
Authors: Rajendran Sridhar , Selvakumar Princy , Kaladharan Seena , James Jenifer
Published: June 2023

Multidrug resistance is a condition enabling a disease causing microorganism to resist distinct drugs or chemical of wide variety of structure and function targeted at eradicating the bacteria. Microorganisms that display multidrug resistant can be pathogenic cells. In this study, table eggs are used commonly, because it considered the most nutritious economical source of protein that can be a part of healthy diet. However, egg shell carries bacteria which cause illness; even unbroken clean fresh shell egg may also contain harmful bacteria. In egg shell presence of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were found. Out of total examined sample, no Salmonella was detected. Several disease occurred in poultry are caused by Staphylococcus sp. such as Staphylococcus aureus. It produces Enterotoxins which create food poisoning in consumers. Eggs are the potential source of transmitting antibiotics. Resistant Staphylococcus strain to human causing food-borne infection through Staphylococcus strains can potentially be harmful to humans. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is considered as one of the important bacterium. As a result, Multidrug resistance (MDR) in the bacteria may develop. Nowadays poultry farm increase day by day in Tamilnadu, there is a chance of transmitting the MRSA to Human through egg consumption. This present study was conducted to isolate the bacterial species and the characterization of Staphylococcus aureus along with remedial measure on egg Shell surface.
Keywords: Multidrug resistant, Pathogenic, Egg shell, Antibiotics, Human welfare
Assessment and Authentication of Promea Therapeutic’s Indigenous Digital Hemoglobin Analyzer (Dr. Protech H+)
Authors: Sachan Anjali
Published: June 2023

Haemoglobin estimation is an important screening test for patients. Despite many methods available, each method has some advantages and disadvantages. Hemoglobin estimation by digital Hemoglobin Meter proved to be a very reliable, sophisticated, appropriate and ideal especially for some particular setup like blood donation / premedical screening and also reliable in comparison to hematology analyzer. Materials and Methods: A study of 350 Single donor platelet donors to evaluate a Promea’s Digital Hemoglobin Analyzer (Dr. Protech H+) was done in a laboratory from November 2022 to December 2022.and data were compared to Sysmex KX 21 cell counter which is one of the most accurate methods for Haemoglobin estimation. Out of 350 donors 247 were male and 103 were female. Mean value of Promea’s Digital Hemoglobin Analyzer (Dr. Protech H+) (mean 14.0 g/dl) was slightly lower by 0.2 compared to reference (mean 14.2 g/dl) but not statistically significant. In comparison to cell counter Promea’s Digital Hemoglobin Analyzer (Dr. Protech H+) proved to be the cost effective with sensitivity and specificity more than 95%. which indicates high precision. Conclusion: Promea’s Digital Hemoglobin Analyzer (Dr. Protech H+) gives comparable results to cell counter and hence proved to be reliable, easy to operate and cost effective.

Keywords: Haemoglobin, DIGITAL Hemoglobin Meter, Promea’s Digital Hemoglobin Analyzer
Literature Review on the Therapeutic Potential of NAMPT in Brain Diseases
Authors: Olayemi Joel Oluwamurewa , Eneh Nebechukwu William , Ovabor Etinosa Bright , Arome Hauwa-Kulu Saidu , Mohammed Hajara Shitu
Published: June 2023

Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyl transferase (NAMPT) is an important enzyme in the biosynthesis NAD+ and the byproduct nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) is also a vital intermediate in NAD+ synthesis. More importantly, the enzyme has been found to have therapeutic potential in the management and treatment of brain diseases such as stroke, depression, and cerebral ischemic injury. In this review, we looked critically at studies that have sought to explore the activities of NAMPT in the brain, the relevant pathways, the byproducts, and precursors of NAMPT with the hope to utilizing the knowledge gotten from the studies to project the possibility of utilizing the enzyme as a better way to treat brain diseases. The enzyme is projected to have a double-edged influence on cell processes and aging Likewise, it has neuroprotective advantages in neurons that express them. More scientific studies have shown that NAMPT is involved in the chain of activities involved in preventing depression. This review further elaborates on the therapeutic potentials of NAMPT, and also seeks to recommend further studies in this field to be carried out on a regular basis due to its promising potential.

Keywords: NAMPT; Brain; Therapeutic potential; Diseases; NAD; Cerebral ischemic injury, Stroke
Efficacy of Irsal-i-Alaq (Hirudotheraphy) in the Management of Venous Ulcer: A Case Report
Authors: Wani Khalid Rahim , Nayab Mohd , Ansari Abdul Nasir , Anwar Mohd
Published: June 2023

Background: The most frequent and recurring type of leg ulcers seen in general practise is a venous ulcer (stasis ulcer). Its neglect has a considerable negative influence on quality of life, might result in gangrene, and may necessitate amputating the affected limb. The most serious and incapacitating complication of chronic venous insufficiency is venous ulcer. The conventional system of medicine offers limited clinical evidence for its effectiveness and usually needs amputation. Hence, it can be managed well by one of the Unani regimens, i.e., Irsal-e-Alaq (Hirudotherapy). Objective: The purpose of this case report is to provide insight into the effects of Irsal-e-Alaq (Hirudotherapy) in venous ulcer. Intervention: A 53-year-old male who has complaints of ulcer in left lower leg near lateral malleolus with swelling, pain, discharge and darkening of skin of left lower limb. Four leeches were applied once every 15 days for 45 days. Ulcer was assessed on 0th day, 15th day, 30th day and 45th day on the basis of area of the wound in a square centimetre, appearance of healthy granulation tissues, epithelization in percentage and depth of wound in centimetres, pain (VAS scoring), discharge, smell and number of wounds.  Results: on the first day wound size was 4 cm long, 3 cm wide, 2 cm deep and the floor filled with dark granulation tissue with 0 % epithelization, discharge, pain and smell. On the 45th day ulcer was completely healed with 100% epithelization. Conclusion: Irsal-e-Alaq has been proven beneficial in treating venous ulcers and enhancing patients' quality of life. To determine the effectiveness of Irsal-e-Alaq in the management of venous ulcer, rigorous, controlled, randomised, blinded, and long-term follow-up studies on high sample sizes are required.

Keywords: Hirudotherapy, Unani Medicine, Leech Therapy, Varicose Ulcers
Synergistic Effects of Essential Oils and Antibiotics Against Some Bacterial Strains
Authors: Feudjieu Egoume Gaizirene , Kemegne Gislaine Aurelie , Tchinda Fossi Cedric , Tchamgoue Deutou Armelle , Moni Ndedi Esther Del Florence , Matchuenkam Gayap Sonia , Agbor Gabriel A.
Published: June 2023

The emergence of antibiotics resistances become an alarming situation due to the resurgence of cases. Scientific community explore therapeutics alternatives, including essentials oils and their combination with antibiotics. The designed study aimed to evaluate the combined effects of essentials oils from Drypetes Gosswelleri, Echinops giganteus, Melaleuca leucadendron essentials oils and antibiotics against strains implicated in infectious deseases. The antibacterial effect of essentials oils and antibiotics (Ciprofloxacine and Ceftriaxone) was carried out against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pnemoneae, Salmonella enteritidis, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus strains using the microdilution method. The synergistic effects were studied by the isobologram method to conclude on the interaction type. The results revealed that the essential oils were active against all the tested bacteria. Drypetes Gosswelleri EO showed the strongest activity with MICs ranging from 1.46 μg/mL to 11.71  µg/mL, followed by Echinops giganteus essential oil with MICs ranging from 2.92 µg/mL to 23.43 µg/mL and Melaleuca leucadendron had the lowest activity with MICs ranging from 5.88µg/mL to 750µg/mL. The combinations realized between Drypetes Gosswelleri and Echinops giganteus EOs and with two antibiotics use to evaluate the interaction type agains Salmonella enteritidis and Staphylococcus aureus. MICs obtained with the combinations are lower than those obtained with the EOs and antibiotics tested individually. The isobolograms plotted inform about a synergistic effects of combinations made with Drypetes Gosswelleri, Echinops giganteus EOs, Ciprofloxacin and Ceftriaxone against S. enteritidis and S. aureus strains. Based on the results obtained, the combinations between EOs and the antibiotocs, represent an interesting therapeutic alternative.
Keywords: antibacterial, essential oil, combination, isobolograms, synergistics, Minimale Inhibitory Concentration, Minimale Bactericidal Concentration.
Comparative Effectiveness of Glimepiride versus Linagliptin as add-on to Metformin in Type-2-Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Awofisayo Sunday Olajide , Akwaowoh Akpabio Elijah , Arhewoh Matthew Ikhuoria , Akpakpan Goodluck Sunday
Published: June 2023

Background: In addition to lifestyle modifications, metformin is the recommended first-line pharmacotherapy for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The use of glimepiride or linagliptin as add-on to metformin (GM or LM) has been noticed on prescriptions in major pharmacies in Nigeria.

Aims: The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of glimepiride or linagliptin as add-on to metformin in T2DM.

Methods: A preliminary case-crossover randomized experimental/observational study comprising 30 participants (i.e., 15 for each of the combination therapies) was designed and designated GM and LM groups, respectively. Baseline physiological and health-indicators of the participants were primarily observed followed by a practical/analytical drug efficacy measurement of postprandial blood glucose (PPBG) levels at 1, 2, 4, and 6 h once weekly for 2 weeks and thereafter crossover to the other regimen for another two weeks’ assessment.

Results: Baseline results were consistent across subgroup analyses in both treatment types. The statistical analysis demonstrated that LM achieved significant PPBG lowering potential compared to baseline blood glucose status (p<0.05). There was no significant difference in the observed physiological and biochemical indicators of organ system function for both treatments during the study. Treatment with LM was associated with reduced post-meal blood glucose compared with GM (p<0.05). Postprandial blood glucose change over measurement points were higher with LM (p<0.05).

Conclusion: Blood glucose control was better achieved with LM compared to GM. Propensity to hypoglycemia was higher with LM. More studies involving larger patient population in several centres are required to validate the outcome of these findings.

Keywords: Glimepiride, Linagliptin, Metformin, Fasting Blood Glucose, Postprandial blood glucose, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus