bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Changes in symptoms of anxiety, depression, and PTSD in an RCT-study of dentist-administered treatment of dental anxiety
Authors: Hauge Mariann Saanum , Willumsen Tiril , Stora Bent
Published: June 2023

Background

Educating dentists in treatment methods for dental anxiety would increase the patients’ access to treatments that are important to their oral health. However, to avoid adverse effects on comorbid symptoms, involvement by a psychologist has been considered necessary. The objective of the present paper was to evaluate whether a dentist could implement systematized treatments for dental anxiety without an increase in comorbid symptoms of anxiety, depression or PTSD.

Methods

A two-arm parallel randomised controlled trial was set in a general dental practice. Eighty-two patients with self-reported dental anxiety either completed treatment with dentist-administered cognitive behavioural therapy (D-CBT, n = 36), or received dental treatment while sedated with midazolam combined with the systemized communication technique “The Four Habits Model” (Four Habits/midazolam, n = 41). Dental anxiety and comorbid symptoms were measured pre-treatment (n = 96), post-treatment (n = 77) and one-year after treatment (n = 52).

Results

An Intention-To-Treat analysis indicated reduced dental anxiety scores by the Modified Dental Anxiety Scale (median MDAS: 5.0 (-1,16)). The median scores on the Hospital Index of Anxiety and Depression (HADS-A/D) and the PTSD checklist for DSM-IV (PCL) were reduced as follows: HADS-A: 1 (-11, 11)/HADS-D: 0 (-7, 10)/PCL: 1 (-17,37). No between-group differences were found.

Conclusions

The study findings support that a general dental practitioner may treat dental anxiety with Four Habits/Midazolam or D-CBT without causing adverse effects on symptoms of anxiety, depression or PTSD. Establishing a best practice for treatment of patients with dental anxiety in general dental practice should be a shared ambition for clinicians, researchers, and educators.

Trial registration

The trial was approved by REC (Norwegian regional committee for medical and health research ethics) with ID number 2017/97 in March 2017, and it is registered in clinicaltrials.gov 26/09/2017 with identifier: NCT03293342.
Psychometrics of the Persian version of the program in palliative care education and practice questionnaire (German revised - PPCEP-GR)
Authors: Abdoli Mohajer , Fetz Katharina , Molavynejad Shahram , Sharif-Nia Hamid , Asadizaker Marziyeh
Published: June 2023

Background

In order to improve the provision of palliative care by nurses, it is necessary to have a tool that measures different dimensions of palliative care and the knowledge and performance of nurses in this field. The Program in Palliative Care Education and Practice Questionnaire (German Revised) is psychometrically evaluated for the first time in Iran.

Methods

To measure the psychometric properties, 360 nursing students (BSc, MSc, PhD) and clinical nurses completed the questionnaire. Face and content (CVR and CVI) validity were checked by quantitative and qualitative approach. Construct validity was performed with exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. The total variance explained was equal to 43%; the internal consistency reported a Cronbach’s alpha of more than 0.7; and the composite reliability was greater than 0.7.

Results

After conducting construct validity and factor analysis, four factors (Knowledge and skill of managing patients’ pain and symptoms, management of ethical and psychological issues in patients, communicating with patients and their families & management of patients’ exposure to grief and attitudes towards death) were extracted. The total variance was equal to (%43) and coefficients of internal consistency were estimated more than 0.7. Also composite reliability was evaluated greater than 0.7.

Conclusion

Persian version of the Program in Palliative Care Education and Practice Questionnaire (German Revised Version; PPCEP-GR) is a valid and reliable questionnaire that can be used to measure the knowledge and performance of nurses and nursing graduates in the field of palliative care.
m6A methylation reader IGF2BP2 activates endothelial cells to promote angiogenesis and metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Fang Han , Sun Qi , Zhou Jin , Zhang Huijuan , Song Qiong , Zhang Hua , Yu Guohua , Guo Ying , Huang Chengyu , Mou Yakui , Jia Chuanliang , Song Yingjian , Liu Aina , Song Kaiyu , Lu Congxian , Tian Ruxian , Wei Shizhuang , Yang Dengfeng , Chen Yixuan , Li Ting , Wang Kejian , Yu Yilan , Lv Yufeng , Mo Ke , Sun Ping , Yu Xiaofeng , Song Xicheng
Published: June 2023

Background

Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is a common type of lung cancer with a high risk of metastasis, but the exact molecular mechanisms of metastasis are not yet understood.

Methods

This study acquired single-cell transcriptomics profiling of 11 distal normal lung tissues, 11 primary LUAD tissues, and 4 metastatic LUAD tissues from the GSE131907 dataset. The lung multicellular ecosystems were characterized at a single-cell resolution, and the potential mechanisms underlying angiogenesis and metastasis of LUAD were explored.

Results

We constructed a global single-cell landscape of 93,610 cells from primary and metastatic LUAD and found that IGF2BP2 was specifically expressed both in a LUAD cell subpopulation (termed as LUAD_IGF2BP2), and an endothelial cell subpopulation (termed as En_IGF2BP2). The LUAD_IGF2BP2 subpopulation progressively formed and dominated the ecology of metastatic LUAD during metastatic evolution. IGF2BP2 was preferentially secreted by exosomes in the LUAD_IGF2BP2 subpopulation, which was absorbed by the En_IGF2BP2 subpopulation in the tumor microenvironment. Subsequently, IGF2BP2 improved the RNA stability of FLT4 through m6A modification, thereby activating the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, and eventually promoting angiogenesis and metastasis. Analysis of clinical data showed that IGF2BP2 was linked with poor overall survival and relapse-free survival for LUAD patients.

Conclusions

Overall, these findings provide a novel insight into the multicellular ecosystems of primary and metastatic LUAD, and demonstrate that a specific LUAD_IGF2BP2 subpopulation is a key orchestrator promoting angiogenesis and metastasis, with implications for the gene regulatory mechanisms of LUAD metastatic evolution, representing themselves as potential antiangiogenic targets.
Impacts of Protecting Life in Global Health Assistance policy in Nepal: a qualitative study
Authors: Dhakal Sarmila , Puri Mahesh , Gautam Preeti , Wagle Kusum , Luffy Samantha , Cooper Bergen
Published: June 2023

Background

Despite the legalization of abortion in 2002 and the concerted efforts of the Ministry of Health and Population, abortion services remain inaccessible for many Nepali women. In 2017, the United States government enacted the Protecting Life in Global Health Assistance (PLGHA) policy, which prohibited international non-governmental organizations (INGOs) from receiving United States global health assistance from providing abortion services or referrals or engaging in advocacy on liberalizing abortion laws that may have had an impact on abortion services. Though this policy was revoked in January 2021, there is a need to assess its impacts in Nepal and mitigate its lingering effects, if any.

Methods

We conducted in-depth interviews with 21 national-level stakeholders selected purposively on the basis of their experiences and expertise in sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR) in Nepal. Interviews were conducted two times: first between August and November 2020 when PLGHA was in place, and then between July and August 2021 after PLGHA was revoked. Interviews were digitally recorded, transcribed, translated and analysed thematically.

Results

Most participants reported that the implementation of PLGHA created gaps in SRHR services, affecting marginalized and underserved populations in Nepal. Participants reported that this policy has compromised the work of INGOs and civil society organizations (CSOs), posing additional risk to the sustainability of SRHR program achievements made so far. Beyond funding loss, participants also mentioned that PLGHA curtailed their freedom, with limited working areas and partnerships for CSOs leading to low or no utilization of services. Most participants welcomed the revocation of PLGHA and hoped it would have positive impacts on SRHR services by permanently repealing PLGHA. Most participants believed that the revocation of PLGHA opened opportunities for new funding and could re-establish partnerships and collaboration, though immediate results had not yet been seen.

Conclusions

PLGHA had negative impacts on access to and quality of SRHR services. The Nepal government and other donor agencies need to bridge the funding gap created by the policy. The revocation of the policy has created the hope of bringing positive impacts in SRHR sector; however, the implementation of revocation at the ground level and impacts made on SRHR programs in Nepal remains to be explored.
Incidence and mortality trends of neglected tropical diseases and malaria in China and ASEAN countries from 1990 to 2019 and its association with the socio-demographic index
Authors: Liu Qiao , Yan Wenxin , Qin Chenyuan , Du Min , Wang Yaping , Liu Min , Liu Jue
Published: June 2023

Background

People in China and the countries in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) are affected by neglected tropical diseases and malaria (NTDM). In this study, we aimed to assess the current status and trends of NTDM burden from 1990 to 2019 in China and ASEAN countries, and also explore the association of NTDM burden with socio-demographic index (SDI).

Methods

The data from the Global Burden of Diseases Study 2019 (GBD 2019) results were used. Absolute incidence and death number, and age-standardized incidence and mortality rate (ASIR and ASMR) of NTDM in China and ASEAN were extracted. The estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) and join-point regression in the rates quantified the trends. Nonlinear regression (second order polynomial) was used to explore the association between SDI and ASRs.

Results

The ASIR of NTDM increased in China, Philippines, Singapore and Brunei, at a speed of an average 4.15% (95% CI 3.83–4.47%), 2.15% (1.68–2.63%), 1.03% (0.63–1.43%), and 0.88% (0.60–1.17%) per year. Uptrends of ASIR of NTDM in recent years were found in China (2014–2017, APC = 10.4%), Laos (2005–2013, APC = 3.9%), Malaysia (2010–2015, APC = 4.3%), Philippines (2015–2019, APC = 4.2%), Thailand (2015–2019, APC = 2.4%), and Vietnam (2014–2017, APC = 3.2%, all P < 0.05). Children < 5 had relatively low incidences but unexpectedly high mortality rates of NTDM in most ASEAN countries. Both incidence and mortality rates of NTDM were higher in older people. ASIR and ASMR of NTDM had a U-shaped association with SDI.

Conclusions

The burden of NTDM in China and ASEAN countries was still huge and affects vulnerable and impoverished populations’ livelihoods, including children under the age of 5 and people aged 60 and older. Facing with the large burden and complex situation of NTDM in China and ASEAN countries, regional cooperating strategies are needed to reduce the burden of NTDM, so as to achieve the goal of elimination in the world.
Anesthesia management of a complicated post-COVID-19 tracheomalacia case with Y-shaped stent in an elderly morbidly obese patient: case report
Authors: Tayeb Baraa , Alahwal Hazem , Gargori Nezar , Boker Abdulaziz
Published: June 2023

Background

Members of anesthesia teams are involved in the management of COVID-19 infection cases at many stages particularly during acute airway interventions. Here, we describe a series of airway procedures to manage complex post-COVID-19 tracheomalacia in a high-risk patient.

Case presentation

A 67-year-old female with a medical history of diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and morbid obesity and recent COVID-19 infection requiring prolonged intubation presented to our hospital in severe respiratory distress. She was found to have long-segment tracheomalacia requiring multiple airway surgical procedures and stenting. During her hospital stay, she suffered multiple cardiac arrests due to respiratory failure and was not stabilized until airway tailored custom stent was inserted. She was later discharged with no significant long-term sequel.

Conclusions

It is important for the anesthesia staff, as part of the airway management plan team, to recognize the exact location and the anatomy of tracheomalacia. Certain anatomical deviations could affect our usual airway management pathways. Failure to do that can lead either to airway obstructions or detrimental hypoxia.
Calonectria species associated with diseased leaves and soils in southern China Eucalyptus plantations
Authors: Li Wenwen , Chen Shuaifei , Wingfield Michael J. , Duong Tuan A.
Published: June 2023

Calonectria leaf blight (CLB) is one of the most important diseases of Eucalyptus trees grown in plantations. This disease poses a serious threat to the sustainability of Eucalyptus plantations in southern China. To better understand the causal agents of CLB, we collected samples of diseased leaves and soil from Eucalyptus plantations from nine regions in Guangdong Province where the disease has become a serious problem. A total of 606 Calonectria isolates were purified from the samples, with 399 and 207 originating from diseased leaves and soils, respectively. Phylogenetic analyses utilizing six gene regions resolved 303 isolates in the C. kyotensis species complex and an equal number of isolates in the C. reteaudii species complex. These two complexes were represented by ten known Calonectria species, including C. aconidialis (12.0%), C. curvispora (0.3%), C. hongkongensis (24.8%), C. ilicicola (0.9%), and C. kyotensis (12.0%) in the C. kyotensis species complex, and C. crousiana (1.0%), C. Guangdongensis (0.3%), C. pseudoreteaudii (40.7%), C. queenslandica (7.3%), and C. reteaudii (0.7%) in the C. reteaudii species complex. Pathogenicity tests showed that all species were capable of causing disease on two tested Eucalyptus genotypes, albeit at varying degrees of aggressiveness. Most isolates (98.3%) in the C. reteaudii species complex were from the diseased leaves, indicating that species in this complex are the main causal agents of CLB outbreak. In addition, a significant number of the C. kyotensis species complex isolates (66.7%) from the soil samples could also cause the disease on Eucalyptus leaves.
FOLFOXIRI Plus Cetuximab or Bevacizumab as First-Line Treatment of BRAFV600E-Mutant Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: The Randomized Phase II FIRE-4.5 (AIO KRK0116) Study
Authors: Stintzing Sebastian , Heinrich Kathrin , Tougeron David , Modest Dominik Paul , Schwaner Ingo , Eucker Jan , Pihusch Rudolf , Stauch Martina , Kaiser Florian , Kahl Christoph , Karthaus Meinolf , Müller Christian , Burkart Christof , Reinacher-Schick Anke , Kasper-Virchow Stefan , Fischer von Weikersthal Ludwig , Krammer-Steiner Beate , Prager Gerald Wolfgang , Taieb Julien , Heinemann Volker
Published: June 2023

PURPOSE

BRAFV600E mutation is associated with a poor outcome in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). This clinical trial investigated the efficacy of triplet chemotherapy (fluorouracil, folinic acid, oxaliplatin, and irinotecan) combined with either cetuximab or bevacizumab in patients with previously untreated BRAFV600E-mutant mCRC.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

In this controlled, randomized, open-label phase II trial, 109 patients were randomly assigned, 107 of whom were included into the full analysis set (FAS). Patients were randomly assigned in a 2:1 ratio to receive either FOLFOXIRI plus cetuximab in the experimental arm (n = 72) or FOLFOXIRI plus bevacizumab in the control arm (n = 35). The primary end point was objective response rate (ORR) according to RECIST 1.1., evaluated in patients treated according to protocol (ATP population). Progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), toxicity, and feasibility were analyzed as secondary end points.

RESULTS

Eighteen patients discontinued study treatment before the first tumor assessment, thus resulting in the ATP population of 89 patients. In these patients, ORR was 51% (30/59) in the cetuximab-based experimental arm and 67% (20/30) in the bevacizumab-based control arm (odds ratio, 1.93; 80% CI, 1.06 to 3.52; P = .92 [one-sided]). In the full analysis set, median PFS was significantly inferior in the experimental arm (6.7 months v 10.7 months; hazard ratio [HR], 1.89; P = .006). Median OS analyzed at an event rate of 64.5% showed a trend toward shorter survival in cetuximab-treated patients (12.9 months v 17.1 months; HR, 1.4; P = .20).

CONCLUSION

To our knowledge, FIRE-4.5 is the first prospective and randomized study investigating first-line treatment of BRAFV600E-mutant mCRC. FOLFOXIRI plus cetuximab does not induce a higher ORR when compared with FOLFOXIRI plus bevacizumab in first-line treatment of BRAFV600E-mutant mCRC. Bevacizumab-based chemotherapy remains the preferable first-line treatment of patients with BRAFV600E-mutant mCRC.
Is Multifocality a Predictor of Poor Outcome in Childhood and Adolescent Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma?
Authors: Scholfield Daniel W , Lopez Joseph , Eagan Alana , Antal Zoltan , Tuttle R Michael , Ghossein Ronald , LaQuaglia Michael , Shaha Ashok R , Shah Jatin P , Wong Richard J , Patel Snehal G , Ganly Ian
Published: June 2023

Context

Total thyroidectomy in pediatric papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is recommended in national guidelines because of the high incidence of multifocal disease (MFD).

Objective

To determine the incidence of MFD in childhood and adolescent vs adult PTC and whether MFD is a predictor for poorer outcomes in childhood and adolescent PTC.

Methods

We conducted an institutional review board-approved review of patients with PTC undergoing surgery (1986-2021) at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center. Clinical and pathological characteristics in patients with unifocal disease (UFD) and MFD were compared using Pearson's χ2 test. Survival outcomes were analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test. Multivariate analysis assessed the impact of MFD on outcome.

Results

MFD was less common in childhood and adolescent patients with PTC (45%; 127/283) than in adults (54%; 3023/5564; P = .002). Childhood and adolescent patients with UFD and MFD had similar tumor stage and PTC subtype at presentation, with no significant difference in histopathologic features. Median follow-up was 68 months. There was no significant difference in 5-year recurrence-free probability and overall survival was 100% in both groups. There was no significant difference in 5-year contralateral lobe PTC-free probability between patients with UFD and MFD treated with lobectomy. Multivariate analysis showed MFD was not a predictor for recurrence.

Conclusion

MFD was less common in childhood and adolescent patients with PTC than adults and was not a predictor of poor outcome on multivariate analysis, with excellent long-term outcomes in all patients with PTC. MFD does not appear to warrant completion thyroidectomy in childhood and adolescent patients selected for lobectomy.
Recognition of Nonneoplastic Hypercortisolism in the Evaluation of Patients With Cushing Syndrome
Authors: Findling James W , Raff Hershel
Published: June 2023

The evaluation of suspected hypercortisolism is one of the most challenging problems in medicine. The signs and symptoms described by Dr Harvey Cushing are common and often create diagnostic confusion to even experienced endocrinologists. Cushing syndrome is classically defined as neoplastic hypercortisolism resulting from an ACTH-secreting tumor or from autonomous secretion of excess cortisol associated with benign or malignant adrenal neoplasia. The increasing recognition of the negative cardiometabolic effects of mild cortisol excess without overt physical signs of Cushing syndrome has led to more screening for endogenous hypercortisolism in patients with adrenal nodular disease, osteoporosis, and the metabolic syndrome. However, sustained or intermittent activation of the dynamic hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis caused by chemical (alcohol), inflammatory (chronic kidney disease), psychologic (major depression), and physical (starvation/chronic intense exercise) stimuli can result in clinical and/or biochemical features indistinguishable from neoplastic hypercortisolism. Nonneoplastic hypercortisolism (formerly known as pseudo-Cushing syndrome) has been recognized for more than 50 years and often causes diagnostic uncertainty. This expert consultation describes two patients with features of Cushing syndrome who were referred for inferior petrosal sinus sampling for the differential diagnosis of ACTH-dependent hypercortisolism. Both patients were discovered to have nonneoplastic hypercortisolism: one from a covert alcohol use disorder and the other to chronic kidney disease. This consultation emphasizes the value of a good history and physical examination, appropriate laboratory testing, and the desmopressin acetate stimulation test to aid in distinguishing neoplastic from nonneoplastic hypercortisolism.
From Rorty to Gaia
Authors: Golinski Jan
Published: June 2023

This contribution to the Common Knowledge symposium “Whatever Happened to Richard Rorty?” endorses Nicholas Gaskill's analysis of Rorty's limited legacy in the field of science and technology studies. It shows how, rather than engaging with scientific practice in a substantial way, Rorty relied heavily on the ideas of Thomas Kuhn. The article surveys the development of science studies since Kuhn's day, sketching an intellectual genealogy for Bruno Latour and Isabelle Stengers, whose work addresses—much more directly than Rorty's—current concerns with the climate crisis and environmental degradation.
Humanizing Philosophy
Authors: Višňovský Emil
Published: June 2023

In this contribution to the Common Knowledge symposium on Richard Rorty, the author attempts to identify what he calls “the heart of Rortyism.” Beginning with Rorty's query, as an undergraduate, about “what, if anything, philosophy is good for,” Višňovský associates this question, as Rorty did throughout his career, with the question of the meaning of human life. On the basis of this association—the association of a seriously, consistently pursued metaphilosophy with a defense of humanity against all comers, including theology and science—Rorty moved methodically through the arguments of the “Linguistic Turn” analysts, the pragmatists, the antirepresentationalists, and postmodernists until he achieved an anti-absolutist, antiauthoritarian humanism all his own.
H. Ünal Nalbantoğlu, Politik İktisadın Klasik Teorileri, Ayrıntı Yayınları, 2022, 125 s.
Authors: İslamoğlu Mustafa
Published: June 2023

Bu yazı H. Ünal Nalbantoğlu'nun Politik İktisadın Klasik Teorileri isimli eserini değerlendirmektedir.
Fatma Barbarosoğlu & Nazife Şişman, Adı Konmamış Çağda Yeni Anne Babalar, İnsan Yayınları, 2022, 156 s.
Authors: Karakoyunlu Betül
Published: June 2023

Bu yazı Fatma Barbarosoğlu ve Nazife Şişman'ın kaleme aldığı Adı Konmamış Çağda Yeni Anne Babalar isimli eseri değerlendirmektedir.
Kitleselleşme Sonrası Uluslararası İlişkiler Programları: Öğrenci Profili ve Beklentileri
Authors: Gür Bekir S. , Köse Mehmet , Özcan Mesut
Published: June 2023

Uluslararası ilişkiler öğrencileri, 1990’lı yıllara kadar nispeten daha avantajlı bir sosyoekonomik profile sahip olmuşlardır. Yükseköğretim sisteminde son yıllarda yaşanan genişlemeden sonra uluslararası ilişkiler programları öğrencilerinin profilini ortaya koyan kapsamlı bir çalışma yoktur. Bu nicel çalışmanın amacı, kitleselleşme sonrası uluslararası ilişkiler programları öğrencilerinin profilini ve beklentilerini ortaya koymaktır. Bu kapsamda öğrencileri alana yönlendiren faktörler ve öğrencilerin eğitimleri sürecinde edindikleri bilgi ve beceriler ile mezuniyet sonrası beklentilerini anlamak üzere bir tarama çalışması yapılmıştır. 76 farklı ilden 94 farklı üniversiteden toplam 1.086 öğrencinin verileri analize katılmıştır. Araştırma bulguları, uluslararası ilişkiler programlarında daha heterojen bir öğrenci profiliyle karşı karşıya olduğumuzu göstermektedir. Bulgulara göre öğrencilerin uluslararası ilişkiler bölümlerini tercih etmelerinde öncelikli olarak dil öğrenme ve yurt dışında yaşama ve çalışma isteği gibi faktörlerin etkili olduğu görülmektedir. Yabancı dil öğrenme isteği bölüm tercihinde etkili bir sebep olsa da öğrenciler arasında yabancı dil bilgi düzeyi düşük kalmaktadır. Katılımcıların gelirleri, okudukları lise türleri, tercihlerinde belirttikleri en önemli etken ve kariyer hedefleri arasında Çoklu Mütekabiliyet Analizi yapılmıştır. Öğrencilerin ulusal ve uluslararası alanda rekabet edebilecek bilgi ve tecrübeye sahip olmalarını sağlayacak müfredatın geliştirilmesi ve müfredat harici edinim imkânlarının artırılması önemli görülmektedir.
Relationship between Multidimensional Poverty Indicators and Health Behaviors among Turkish Children
Authors: Özcan Emre , Yılmaz Fikriye
Published: June 2023

The aim of the study is to investigate the relationship between multidimensional poverty indicators and health behaviors among Turkish children. The sample of the study was determined to include at least one school from each socioeconomic status group in the districts of Ankara, which are classified into four socioeconomic groups, and the data were collected by applying face-to-face questionnaires to a total of 4,276 children, 2145 boys and 2136 girls, between the ages of 10 and 14. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-squared test and binary logistic regression in the PASW Statistics program. The most striking results of the analysis showed that the female children, 5th, 6th, and 7th grade students, those who rated their health as good, those with a high or medium family affluence levels, those who were not deprived according to the Child Deprivation Index, those who rated their family income level as high or medium, and those who never suffered from hunger were more likely to be in the group with healthy behaviors (p<0.05). Accordingly, some school-based interventions and policies to be implemented in the family medicine system are recommended to promote the healthy behaviors of children, especially those living in poverty.
Ortaöğretime Geçişte Kapsamlı Akademik Gruplama ve Eşitsizliğin Yeniden Üretimi
Authors: Özoğlu Meryem , Gür Bekir S.
Published: June 2023

Temel Eğitimden Ortaöğretime Geçiş (TEOG) sistemi (2013-2017), ortaöğretime geçişte bütün öğrencilerin sınav başarısına göre hem okul türleri arasında hem de aynı okul türü içerisinde sınıflandırıldığı ve ayrıştırıldığı kapsamlı bir akademik gruplama örneğidir. Nitel araştırma yaklaşımının benimsendiği bu çalışmada, TEOG sistemindeki başarı sıralamasına göre öğrencilerin ve dolayısıyla gittikleri okulların sıralanmasının sonuçlarının keşfedilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Öğrenciler, öğretmenler ve okul yöneticileri arasından tabakalı amaçlı örneklem yöntemiyle seçilen toplamda 149 kişi ile derinlemesine mülakatlar gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmanın bulguları, okulun genel ikliminin, okula ilişkin geliştirilen algının, öğrenci ve öğretmenlerin motivasyonunun, sunulan öğrenme fırsatlarının ve dolayısıyla eğitimin genel niteliğinin okulların TEOG yerleştirmesine bağlı oluşan genel başarı düzeyine göre farklılaştığını göstermektedir. Ayrıca, gruplamanın öğrencileri sadece başarı düzeyine göre değil aynı zamanda sosyoekonomik arka planına göre ayrıştırdığı yönünde güçlü bulgular elde edilmiştir. Buna göre, sosyoekonomik açıdan dezavantajlı öğrenciler başarı düzeyi orta veya düşük okullarda yoğunlaşmaktadır. TEOG uygulamasıyla sosyoekonomik arka plan ile akademik başarı arasındaki ilişkinin daha da güçlenme eğilimi gösterdiği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
A “Golden Age” Puzzle with Female Audiences of Yeşilçam: Nostalgia, Melodrama and Gender
Authors: Ubaydın Aynülhayat
Published: June 2023

This study focuses on the ways in which the feeling and rhetoric of nostalgia are constructed and made sense of on the basis of the memories of women who went to the movies in the 1960s and 1970s and who watched mostly Yeşilçam melodramas. Experiencing cinema and going to the movies with diverse goals and meanings, these female audiences of Yeşilçam not only provided information about the cinema practices of the past when talking about their memories, but also expressed their feelings, desires and beliefs related to the past. Looking at memories of female cinema audiences suggests looking at the structures of feeling involved in the transformation of experience to memory, and of memory to history in the relationship between the individual and the collective. In line with this suggestion, this article analyzes the feelings of nostalgia in the narratives of historical female audiences by using oral history methods, which I call the myth of the “golden age” and “desire for wooden chairs”, within the framework of experiences and memories of cinema. The analysis shows that female audiences (as historical screen audiences) construct an ambivalent narrative between sense of nostalgia and anti-nostalgia when they recall memories of Yeşilçam melodramas, and sheds light on how women experience and make sense of nostalgia in different ways.
H ανάπτυξη των δεξιοτήτων επιχειρηματολογίας των φοιτητών/τριών του Π.Τ.Δ.Ε. με αφορμή θέματα φυσικής
Authors: Τσιφτσής Γεώργιος
Published: June 2023

Η παρούσα διατριβή ερευνά τη δυνατότητα ανάπτυξης δεξιοτήτων επιχειρηματολογίας των φοιτητών/τριών του Π.Τ.Δ.Ε. (Ε.Κ.Π.Α) σε θέματα φυσικής και, συγκεκριμένα, την εξέλιξη της ατομικής και ομαδικής επιχειρηματολογίας των φοιτητών/τριών με αφορμή την άσκησή τους σε πέντε θέματα Νευτώνειας Μηχανικής. Οι δύο παράμετροι της επιχειρηματολογίας που εξετάζονται είναι η δομή και η γνώση περιεχομένου. Η έρευνα διεξήχθη μέσω Skype λόγω της πανδημίας Covid-19. Το δείγμα αποτελούνταν από δεκαεπτά προπτυχιακούς/ες φοιτητές/τριες του Π.Τ.Δ.Ε. του Ε.Κ.Π.Α. Οι φοιτητές/τριες που συμμετείχαν κατανεμήθηκαν σε τέσσερις ομάδες. Η έρευνα βασίστηκε στις συζητήσεις των φοιτητών/τριών σε πέντε θέματα της Νευτώνειας Μηχανικής, εναλλασσόμενες με τις παρεμβάσεις του ερευνητή. Οι είκοσι συζητήσεις (τέσσερις ομάδες επί πέντε θέματα) των φοιτητών/τριών καθώς και οι παρεμβάσεις του ερευνητή βιντεοσκοπήθηκαν και καταγράφηκαν. Πριν και μετά την παρέμβαση δόθηκαν στους/στις φοιτητές/τριες ερωτηματολόγια (pre- & post-tests) τα οποία αποτελούνταν από πέντε προβλήματα ανοικτού τύπου εστιασμένα στη Νευτώνεια Μηχανική. Αξιοποιήθηκαν ποιοτικές μέθοδοι ανάλυσης των δεδομένων της έρευνας και, συγκεκριμένα, ανάλυση περιεχομένου. Η προφορική επιχειρηματολογία των φοιτητών/τριών αναλύθηκε και κατατάχθηκε σε επίπεδα ομαδικής και ατομικής επιχειρηματολογίας με βάση το μοντέλο των Clark & Sampson (2007, 2008). Τα γραπτά επιχειρήματα των φοιτητών/τριών που προέκυψαν από τα αρχικά και τελικά ερωτηματολόγια (pre- & post-tests) αναλύθηκαν και αξιολογήθηκαν με βάση το μοντέλο των McNeill & Krajcik (2007, 2008, 2012). Σύμφωνα με τα αποτελέσματα της έρευνας, η εμπλοκή των φοιτητών/τριών στην ομαδική επιχειρηματολογία συμβάλλει στην ανάπτυξη των δεξιοτήτων επιχειρηματολογίας των φοιτητών/τριών και στη βελτίωση του επιστημονικού τους επιπέδου στις περισσότερες εφαρμογές της Νευτώνειας Μηχανικής. Επίσης, παρ’ όλο που οι περισσότεροι/ες φοιτητές/τριες δυσκολεύτηκαν να ξεπεράσουν πλήρως τις εναλλακτικές αντιλήψεις τους σε ορισμένα προβλήματα Νευτώνειας Μηχανικής, η έκφραση διαφορετικών απόψεων για τα προβλήματα αυτά τους/τις βοήθησε να αναπτύξουν αντικρούσεις και, επομένως, να βελτιώσουν την ποιότητα των επιχειρημάτων τους, τόσο ως προς τη δομή όσο και ως προς τη γνώση περιεχομένου.
Επιδημιολογική μελέτη κλινικών και βιοχημικών παραγόντων κινδύνου σε ασθενείς με απόφραξη φλέβας αμφιβληστροειδούς
Authors: Καζαντζής Δημήτριος
Published: June 2023

Η απόφραξη φλέβας του αμφιβληστροειδούς (ΑΦΑ) είναι η δεύτερη συχνότερη αγγειακή πάθηση του αμφιβληστροειδούς και ένα συχνό αίτιο απώλειας όρασης εξαιτίας των επιπλοκών που αναπτύσσονται. Διαιρείται σε απόφραξη κεντρικής φλέβας αμφιβληστροειδούς (ΑΚΦΑ) και σε απόφραξη κλάδου κεντρικής φλέβας αμφιβληστροειδούς (ΑΚΚΦΑ) ανάλογα με την ανατομική θέση της απόφραξης. Η ΑΦΑ είναι μία πολυπαραγοντική νόσος και διάφοροι παράγοντες κίνδυνου έχουν ενοχοποιηθεί για την ανάπτυξη της όπως η υπέρταση, ο σακχαρώδης διαβήτης και η υπερλιπιδαιμία. Στην παρούσα μελέτη συμμετείχαν 106 ασθενείς με ΑΦΑ που υποβλήθηκαν σε πλήρη οφθαλμολογικό και εργαστηριακό έλεγχο. Δημογραφικοί, κλινικοί και εργαστηριακοί παράγοντες αναλύθηκαν σε μονο-παραγοντική και πολύ-παραγοντική ανάλυση. Η υπέρταση, ο δείκτης Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio και η ομοκυστεΐνη αναδείχτηκαν ως παράγοντες κινδύνου για ΑΚΦΑ, ενώ τα αυξημένα τριγλυκερίδια και η ομοκυστεΐνη για ΑΚΚΦΑ στην πολύ-παραγοντική ανάλυση. 65 ασθενείς υποβλήθηκαν σε πλήρη εργαστηριακό έλεγχο με φλυοροαγγειογραφία και οπτική τομογραφία συνοχής (OCT) και έγινε συσχέτιση των εργαστηριακών και των απεικονιστικών ευρημάτων. Βρέθηκε ότι ασθενείς με υπο-αμφιβληστροειδικό υγρό είχαν αυξημένο δείκτη NLR. Τα υπερανακλαστικά κοκκία και οι αμφιβληστροειδικές κύστεις στην οπτική τομογραφία συνοχής συσχετίστηκαν με αυξημένα τριγλυκερίδια, ενώ το αυξημένο πάχος του κεντρικού υπο-πεδίου του αμφιβληστροειδούς συσχετίστηκε με αυξημένα λεμφοκύτταρα και αυξημένη ουρία. 53 ασθενείς με ΑΦΑ αντιμετωπίστηκαν με θεραπεία με anti-VEGF ενέσεις και έγινε ανάλυση των εργαστηριακών και απεικονιστικών χαρακτηριστικών που προβλέπουν την «ευνοϊκή» απόκριση στη θεραπεία. Βρήκαμε ότι σχεδόν το 53% των ασθενών είχαν «ευνοϊκή» απόκριση στη θεραπεία στο τέλος της 12μηνης παρακολούθησης. Επίσης, ο αυξημένος δείκτης MLR, η ακεραιότητα της ελλειψοειδούς ζώνης και της έξω αφοριστικής μεμβράνης, η απουσία υπερανακλαστικών κοκκίων και η απουσία ισχαιμίας της ωχράς κηλίδας συσχετίστηκαν με «ευνοϊκή» απόκριση στη θεραπεία στο τέλος της παρακολούθησης.
The impact of LNG offshore terminal on sea temperature and sea currents in the northern Adriatic Sea
Authors: JELIĆ MRČELIĆ GORANA , JURIĆ MAJDA , SUPIĆ NASTJENJKA , DUTOUR SIKIRIĆ MaMATHIEU thieu
Published: June 2023

The aim of this paper is to simulate the impact of a potential offshore LNG terminal on sea temperature (in autumn and spring/ summer) and sea currents (in autumn/winter) at three different depths (at the sea surface, at 25 m depth and at the seabed) in the northern Adriatic Sea from 14 November 2015 to 06 August 2016 using the Regional Ocean Modelling System (ROMS) model. The location of the potential offshore LNG terminal Istria (in the northern Adriatic Sea) was selected using the visual PROMETHEE method. The potential LNG terminal uses seawater for LNG heating and the seawater cooled to a temperature of 9°C returns to the marine environment. Although the differences in sea temperature with and without the discharge fit within normal temperature ranges, the simulations show that the discharge changed the speed and direction of sea currents at the sea surface not only in the wider northern Adriatic, but in the entire Adriatic. This is probably due to the specific circulation in the Adriatic, where cold water affects the geostrophic balance, an important part of the circulation field that depends on density (a function of salinity and temperature). Atmospheric conditions in the broader vicinity of the LNG terminal would also be affected by redistribution of air-sea fluxes due to changes in surface temperature. Changes in circulation would alter environmental conditions by redistributing nutrients, oxygen, etc. Further multi-year simulations of changes in the circulation system are needed, but other physical parameters (density, salinity, river inflow...) should also be included in the simulations to determine the cumulative impact of a potential LNG terminal on the marine environment.
Scopus based bibliometric and scientometric analysis of occupational therapy publications from 2001 to 2020
Authors: Sau Koushik , Nayak Yogendra
Published: June 2023

Background: Occupational therapy (OT) is one of the allied health professions, with its first journals in 1920. The main objective of this study was to find out the publication trend in the field of OT research for the period of 2001-2020 using the principles of bibliometrics and scientometrics.

Methods: The data was retrieved from Scopus from the past 20 years (2001-2020). VOSviewer software was used to find year-wise publications in OT-specific and non-OT-specific Journals along with top journals, countries, organisations, authors, cited articles, and highly used keywords.

Results: There was a steady growth of OT articles over the past 20 years. Scopus indexes 16 OT-specific journals are identified. American Journal of Occupational Therapy, British Journal of Occupational Therapy Journal, Australian Occupational Therapy Journal, Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy, and Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy are the leading publications and citations. A comparison of OT-specific and non-OT journals inferred that the OT-specific papers are three times more published in non-OT journals. There is a trend in publishing multidisciplinary medical journals than OT journals. The US publishes the most articles, followed by the UK, Australia, Canada, and Germany. Though the US alone produced a considerable number of articles (9517), only five organisations are listed in the top 20, compared to Canada (n=6) and Australia (n=5). Australia represents the highest number of published authors (n=11/20). Canada represents a highly cited author from the top-cited publications. The five common keywords used by OT-authors are "occupational therapy", “rehabilitation”, “stroke”, “physical therapy,” and “activities of daily living”. This study lists top-20 journals along with their CiteScore and Journal Impact Factor.

Conclusions: This study will help the budding researchers in OT to select a suitable quality journal for publication and, further, helpful for research promotion, researcher incentivising, grant allocations, and policymakers in the OT field.
Case Report: Metachronous urothelial carcinoma of the renal pelvis following radical cystectomy: a rare case report
Authors: Fredy Gunawan I Putu Gde , Santoso Rachmat Budi , Harahap Edward Usfi , Hamid Agus Rizal A. H. , Heryanto Tato , Putri Rizky Ifandriani , Bramono Ikhlas Arief
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Bladder carcinoma (BC) is the most common urinary tumor. The most common histologic type of BC is urothelial carcinoma of the bladder (UCB) According to GLOBOCAN 2020 data, there were 573,000 new cases and 213,000 deaths from bladder cancer in 2015. The likelihood of developing upper urinary tract cancer after a bladder tumor were being treated is minimal; nonetheless, such lesions can develop later.

Case Report: A 52-year-old man with urothelial carcinoma of the renal pelvis, previously had UCB. Initially, in 2019, he developed hematuria. It was accompanied by dysuria. Every day, the patient smoked 2 packs. The patient denied having a chronic disease. No family history of cancer. At that time, it was discovered that the patient had urothelial bladder cancer following transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT). Histopathology revealed bladder-invasive urothelial carcinoma. The patient then underwent radical cystectomy and ileal conduit. The patient was stable afterward, but during the pandemic period, the follow-up was disturbed. Early in 2021, the patient got hematuria. The patient was referred for a right radical nephrectomy due to a metachronous mass in the right renal pelvis. The histopathological result indicated a high-grade invasive upper urinary urothelial carcinoma.

Conclusion: This study reported a case of metachronous urothelial bladder cancer in the upper urinary tract following radical cystectomy. Thorough surveillance in malignancy cases is a mandatory procedure to detect the recurrence of the malignancy and/or the uneventful spreading of the malignancy to other organs. The research regarding the pathophysiology of metachronous malignancy is still being conducted but has shown some promising results.
When citizen science meets radon building diagnosis: Synthesis of a French pilot project developed in the framework of the European RadoNorm research project
Authors: Andresz Sylvain , Marchand-Moury Ambre , Goyette-Pernot Joëlle , Rivière Anne-Laure , Schieber Caroline
Published: June 2023

As part of the European RadoNorm research project, citizen science pilot projects focusing on the management of radon risk in houses have been implemented in four countries. This article describes the methodological basis, the development and the results of the French pilot project. Building on an initial review of existing literature, the pilot project aims to frame a ‘participatory approach’ aligned with the standards and recognized practices of citizen science. Particular attention was given to the management of data and the inclusion of ethical considerations.

The focal point of the project was the process of radon building diagnosis which is supposed to be carried out whenever (high) radon concentrations are measured and should be prerequisite to mitigation works. As experience shows, however, this diagnosis is hardly implemented in France. To help remedy this situation, the pilot project recruited citizens already aware about radon from Pays Vesoul Val-de-Saône (East of France) to test an existing online self-evaluation guide for radon diagnosis, report on their operational experience and meet with radon/building experts. This enabled citizens to contribute to improvements in form and content to the guide and to ensure that it would be better fit for purpose. Comparison of the guide with experts’ practices offered additional perspectives on what building diagnosis should entail.

The pilot project produced rich and high-quality data that will nurture the evolution of the guide. The project demonstrated both the viability and the utility of applying the citizen science approach to radon post-measurement phases, with measurable benefits in bridging knowledge gaps and in encouraging behavioural changes. The results of using a citizen science approach in the field of radon management and research are encouraging, and they far outweigh the challenges involved in the implementation.
Strategies for improving mental health and wellbeing used by adults ageing with HIV from the Kenyan coast: a qualitative exploration
Authors: Mwangala Patrick N. , Wagner Ryan G. , Newton Charles R. , Abubakar Amina
Published: June 2023

Background: Physical and mental health problems are common among older adults living with HIV (OALWH). Adaptive coping strategies play a vital role in improving these adults' mental health and well-being despite the deleterious effects of HIV and ageing. However, in sub-Saharan Africa, limited evidence exists on the commonly utilized coping strategies in this population. We explore the coping strategies used by Kenyan OALWH to improve their mental health and wellbeing.

Methods: Semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted between October and December 2019 with 56 participants: 34 OALWH (53% female), 11 healthcare providers (63% female) and 11 primary caregivers (73% female) in Kilifi County. All interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. We used the framework approach to synthesize the qualitative data.   

Results: Five major themes emerged from the analysis of participants’ narratives, including self-care practices, religion and spirituality, relational living (social connectedness), generativity, identity, and mastery. Our study further revealed maladaptive coping strategies, including reliance on over-the-counter medications, self-isolation, waiting to see if symptoms would subside despite doing nothing, and HIV treatment interruptions during prolonged periods of prayer and fasting.

Conclusions: Our findings provide an initial understanding of the coping strategies used by OALWH to confront HIV and ageing challenges in a low-literacy, low socio-economic Kenyan setting. Our results suggest that interventions designed to enhance personal capacity, social support, positive religiosity and spirituality, and intergenerational connections may be beneficial in improving the mental health and well-being of OALWH.
Percepción de autoeficacia de estudiantes de enfermería previo al inicio de prácticas clínicas
Authors: Arenas Cárdenas Yury Marcela , Díaz Niño Sandra Lizeth , Vargas Rodríguez Leidy Yemile , Díaz Fernández Jenny Katherine , Quemba Mesa Monica Paola
Published: June 2023

Introducción: la autoeficacia es una competencia personal para los estudiantes de enfermería, pues esta es la que permite el afrontamiento de las situaciones estresantes propias de su proceso de formación. Así, el objetivo de este estudio fue describir la percepción de autoeficacia de los estudiantes de enfermería previo inicio de prácticas clínicas desde su experiencia. Materiales y métodos: investigación cualitativa de tipo fenomenológico. Recolección de datos por medio de grupos focales, entrevistas, observación no participante y notas de campo. Resultados: los estudiantes perciben que su autoeficacia está influenciada por la autonomía que ellos tienen para comunicar sus pensamientos con otras personas, para hacer y elegir, por sus conexiones sociales con familia, pares y docentes, y por su autopercepción de competencias académicas, clínicas y su autoestima. Conclusión: espacios académicos que fomentan la retroalimentación positiva, la conexión social, la autoestima y la percepción de competencia, requieren ser introducidos en los currículos de enfermería previo inicio de las prácticas clínicas, pues esto fortalece la autoeficacia académica.
Maestro rural, cartas desde el Caguán
Authors: Galvis Díaz Pablo Iván
Published: June 2023

La correspondencia personal normalmente mantiene un sigilo que permea las miradas ajenas y las curiosidades mal intencionadas; es redactada con afecto a un ser que necesitamos sentir cerca, así sea por medio de las distantes letras. Incluso, escribimos para compensar nuestros silencios, los voluntarios y los obligados, de tal manera que el papel aguanta lo que el cuerpo, la memoria y la historia ya no desean asumir. Por ello, en estas cartas, el autor hace públicos sus silencios, sus anhelos, sus temores y alegrías que, como fruto de una opción radical, la de ser maestro rural, se le dan en la cotidianidad de este tiempo de pospandemia, de la vuelta de la guerra a los territorios y la de las angustias propias de quien se acerca al medio siglo de existencia.
Mental Stress among Dental Surgeons in Clinical Practice: Causes, Effects, and Coping Mechanisms
Authors: Imam Syed Haider
Published: June 2023

Mental stress is a prevalent issue in the dental profession, particularly among dental surgeons in clinical practice. This short communications reflects the causes & effects of mental stress among dental surgeons and to provide insights into the coping mechanisms that can be employed to mitigate the adverse impact of stress on the dental profession. The article provides an overview of the factors that contribute to mental stress, including workload, time pressure, patient demands, clinical errors, financial pressures, and social isolation. It also notices the impact of mental stress on physical & mental health of dental surgeons, as well as its effects on their job satisfaction, performance, and quality of care. Finally, the paper discusses the coping mechanisms that can be employed to manage stress, such as mindfulness techniques, relaxation methods, social support, time management, and organizational support. Overall, this the article highlights the importance of addressing mental stress among dental surgeons in clinical practice and provides practical recommendations for managing stress and enhancing the well-being of dental professionals.
Advanced Preparation Advised
Authors: Tyler Neil
Published: June 2023

THE EU'S NEW MEDICAL DEVICE REGULATORY FRAMEWORK MEANS THAT MANUFACTURERS OF MEDICAL DEVICES FACE MAJOR CHANGES
Benefits of Using Custom Silicon
Authors: Hobbs Darren
Published: June 2023

One size does not fit all when it comes to the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT). Only customisation and integration will deliver
Embedded FPGA's Long Wait
Authors: Edwards Chris
Published: June 2023

Will the attractions of embedded FPGA overcome traditional cost objections and finally see accelerated growth?
Lighting the Way
Authors: Mohan Vivek
Published: June 2023

Are design engineers too preoccupied with 5G, when another technology – LoRa – is available to them?