bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enfriamiento al inicio de verano para mitigar el estrés por calor en vacas Holstein del noroeste de México
Authors: Leyva-Corona José Clemente , Thomas Milton G. , Rincón Gonzalo , Medrano Juan F. , Correa-Calderón Abelardo , Avendaño-Reyes Leonel , Hallford Dennis M. , Rivera-Acuña Fernando , Luna-Nevárez Pablo
Published: July 2017

El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la respuesta fisiológica, endócrina y productiva en vacas lactantes sometidas a varias series de enfriamiento artificial al inicio de verano (junio a julio de 2011). Se asignaron 14 vacas Holstein multíparas a uno de dos tratamientos: enfriamiento (E) antes de la ordeña (0700 y 1700 h) y enfriamiento adicional (EA) cada 2 h de 0700 a 1700 h en el corral de espera a la ordeña. Se midió la producción de leche (PL), niveles de prolactina (PRL) e IGF1, mientras que la temperatura rectal y frecuencia respiratoria fueron registradas y consideradas como indicadores fisiológicos de estrés por calor. La temperatura ambiental y humedad relativa también fueron registradas y utilizadas para calcular el índice de temperatura-humedad (ITH). Los indicadores de estrés calórico mostraron una interacción significativa (P<0.001) entre tratamiento y tiempo/semana, los cuales fueron menores con EA (-3.8 respiraciones por minuto y -0.2 °C) sólo durante las semanas 6 y 7. Los niveles séricos de PRL fueron mayores bajo enfriamiento adicional (EA: 35.1 vs E: 29.4 ng/ml; P=0.004), mientras que los de IGF1 solo variaron a través de las semanas de muestreo (P=0.014). La PL se incrementó (P<0.05) en EA durante las semanas 6 (+3.1kg/día) y 7 (+3.1 kg/día). Se concluye que la mayor frecuencia de baños mitigó la condición de estrés calórico al inicio de verano, permitiéndole a la vaca expresar un mejor desempeño productivo al final del estudio, ya que dicho efecto dependió de la variable tiempo/semana.
Acumulación estacional de biomasa aérea de alfalfa Var. Oaxaca criolla (Medicago sativa L.)
Authors: Montes Cruz Fausto Javier , Castro Rivera Rigoberto , Aguilar Benítez Gisela , Sandoval Torres Sadoth , Solís Oba María Myrna
Published: July 2017

El conocimiento de las dinámicas de acumulación de biomasa de una especie forrajera en las diferentes épocas del año, es una metodología útil para una mejor planeación y aprovechamiento del cultivo para obtener los mayores rendimientos y material vegetal de buena calidad nutritiva. El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar curvas de acumulación de forraje, tasa de crecimiento, altura de forraje, relación hoja:tallo y composición botánica, en una pradera de alfalfa de tres años de establecida. Se utilizó un diseño experimental de bloques completos al azar con siete tratamientos y cuatro repeticiones. El mayor rendimiento de materia seca se registró (P<0.01) a los 49 días de rebrote en primavera, verano y otoño (2,794, 2,680 y 2,116 Kg MS ha-1, respectivamente), y a los 42 días en invierno (3,416 kg MS ha-1). Las mayores tasas de crecimiento (61 kg MS ha-1d-1) y la menor relación hoja:tallo se registraron en el invierno. La mayor presencia de otros pastos y malezas fue en primavera y verano. Se concluye realizar cortes cada 35 a 40 días en invierno y otoño, mientras que en primavera y verano cada 30 a 35 días, y no cada 40 días independientemente de la estación del año, como se hace comúnmente en la región.
Evaluación de bienestar de vacas lecheras en sistema de producción a pequeña escala aplicando el protocolo propuesto por Welfare Quality®
Authors: Silva Salas Miguel Ángel , Torres Cardona María Guadalupe , Brunett Pérez Luis , Peralta Ortiz J. Jesús Germán , Jiménez-Badillo María del Rosario
Published: July 2017

La información de bienestar animal (BA) en las unidades de producción (UP) de México es escasa, por lo que el objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el grado de bienestar de vacas lecheras en producción, mediante la aplicación del protocolo europeo Welfare Quality® (WQ®) en cuatro municipios del estado de Hidalgo. Se evaluaron 1,187 vacas en producción, secas y vaquillas gestantes, distribuidas en 52 UP, seleccionadas por pertenecer al sistema familiar y participación voluntaria. En los formatos de WQ® se recabó la información por encuesta estructurada, medición de recursos y a partir de la observación animal, con ajustes a las condiciones del sistema de producción y respetando el orden y tiempo sugerido por el protocolo. En el análisis de la información se aplicaron los algoritmos de árbol de decisiones, suma ponderada y funciones I-Spline y la integral de Choquet. La clasificación final coloca a todas las UP como aceptables y corroborado en el simulador de WQ® en línea. La calificación en cada Principio (P) fue de 39 puntos para P1, 48 para P2, 23 en P3 y P4 con 28 puntos. Aun cuando el protocolo es una herramienta útil para la valoración del bienestar animal en el sistema de producción a pequeña escala del altiplano mexicano, la aplicabilidad no es total, por ello se hace necesario el desarrollo de protocolos propios, validados y probados científicamente que representen más fehacientemente la realidad del bienestar animal en este sistema.
Componentes morfogenéticos y acumulación del pasto mulato a diferente frecuencia e intensidad de pastoreo
Authors: Cruz-Hernández Aldenamar , Hernández-Garay Alfonso , Vaquera-Huerta Humberto , Chay-Canul Alfonso , Enríquez-Quiroz Javier , Ramirez-Vera Santiago
Published: July 2017

En las regiones tropicales las gramíneas representan la principal fuente de alimentación para los rumiantes, por lo que el rendimiento y la calidad forrajera son de gran interés para mitigar la baja productividad. La mayoría de los estudios en forrajes se basan en la producción de la materia seca y el valor nutritivo, sin considerar los caracteres morfogenéticos y estructurales del pasto, en la dinámica de rebrote. En Brachiaria hibrido cv Mulato se estudiaron a 14, 21 y 28 días de pastoreo, y 9-11, 13-15 cm de altura residual, que se distribuyeron en un diseño de bloques al azar en arreglo factorial 3 x 2 con tres repeticiones. Se midió: acumulación de forraje, densidad poblacional de tallos, tasa de aparición y muerte de tallos, recambio de tejido foliar. La mayor acumulación del forraje fue de 2,769, 4,985, 7,033 kg de materia seca por hectárea con pastoreo ligero en lluvias. La tasa de aparición de tallos con el pastoreo severo superó en 13, 8 y 14 % al ligero en las épocas de nortes, seca y lluvias en el primer ciclo. La mayor elongación foliar se obtuvo al pastorear cada 28 días en la época de lluvias. Se concluye que durante la época de lluvias el pasto mulato presentó la mayor acumulación del forraje al cosecharse en periodos de 28 días con pastoreo ligero. La tasa de elongación y senescencia foliar mostraron los mayores valores al pastorear ligeramente la pradera cada 28 días con una densidad menor de tallos.
Caracterización de queso fresco comercializado en mercados fijos y populares de Toluca, Estado de México
Authors: Díaz Galindo Edaena Pamela , Valladares Carranza Benjamin , Gutiérrez Castillo Adriana Del Carmen , Arriaga Jordan Carlos Manuel , Quintero-Salazar Baciliza , Cervantes Acosta Patricia , Velázquez Ordoñez Valente
Published: July 2017

La fabricación artesanal del queso, es una actividad integradora del sistema producto leche. Para evaluar las condiciones de comercialización y caracterización del queso fresco en mercados y tianguis de Toluca, Estado de México, se realizó un muestreo por conveniencia, obteniendo 64 piezas de queso fresco de mercados establecidos e itinerantes, y se aplicó una encuesta abierta a comerciantes durante el periodo agosto a octubre de 2014. La procedencia de los quesos se obtuvo de las regiones: (A) Valle de Toluca, (B) otros municipios de la entidad, (C) de origen desconocido y (D) otros estados del país. Los valores de pH y temperatura del queso se midieron en el punto de venta. El contenido de materia seca, cenizas, grasa, proteína y NaCl se realizó por métodos oficiales. El origen del queso en los mercados fue mayoritariamente de la región A; la presentación comercial común fue de forma circular con un peso de 100 a 250 g. Los rangos de los parámetros evaluados fueron: pH (4.84-6.07), humedad (42.71-66.66 %), materia seca (33.3-68.9 %), cenizas (2.65-5.24 %), grasa (12-32 %), proteína (16.81-26.62 %) y NaCl (0.29-1.44 %). Las condiciones de comercialización y el abasto regional en los mercados son afectadas por un manejo inadecuado del producto y la competencia de quesos industrializados. Se concluye que el queso fresco comercializado en el municipio de Toluca, puede ser considerado un queso artesanal genuino propio de la región del valle de Toluca, que debe ser preservado por su interés como patrimonio en la gastronomía mexicana y su importancia socioeconómica y alimentaria regional.
Presencia de plaguicidas organoclorados en forraje para ganado en unidades de producción de leche orgánica en Tecpatán, Chiapas
Authors: Murga Juárez María N , Gutiérrez Tolentino Rey , Vega y León Salvador , Pérez González José J , Schettino Bermúdez Beatriz , Ruíz Rojas Jorge L , Yamazaki Maza Alberto
Published: July 2017

La presencia de plaguicidas organoclorados en el ambiente es preocupante por su persistencia, potencial de transporte a larga distancia y grado de toxicidad para la fauna y los seres humanos. En México, Chiapas ocupa el primer lugar en la producción de alimentos orgánicos, y Tecpatán es el principal municipio productor de leche orgánica. El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar la presencia de plaguicidas organoclorados en forraje para ganado lechero en unidades de producción de leche orgánica. Se eligieron tres unidades de producción de leche orgánica y se colectaron muestras de forraje y leche en cada unidad. Los plaguicidas se extrajeron y purificaron con base en lo establecido por la USEPA (United States Environmental Protection Agency) y se analizaron por cromatografía de gases con detector de captura de electrones. Los compuestos que rebasaron el límite máximo permisible según el Codex Alimentarius fueron lindano, heptacloro + epóxido de heptacloro y aldrín + dieldrín (37.5 ± 84, 62 ± 125 y 20 ± 50 ng.g-1 base grasa, respectivamente). En las muestras de forraje los valores más altos fueron alfa + beta-HCH, lindano y heptacloro + epóxido de heptacloro (76.3 ± 140, 43 ± 105 ng.g-1 y 40 ± 76 ng.g-1 peso seco). Es probable que la destacada presencia de estos compuestos se deba a su utilización en el control de vectores en campañas de salud o de ectoparásitos del ganado de la región por parte de productores convencionales.
Response of slow-growing chickens to feed restriction and effects on growth performance, blood constituents and immune markers
Authors: Attia Youssef A , Abd-Elhamid Abd-Elhamid E , Mustafa Manal , Al-Harthi Mohammed A , Muhammad Mai
Published: July 2017

An experiment was conducted to study the response of a slow growing chickens breed “Sinai” to feed restriction (FR) and the effects on growth performance, blood constituents and immune markers using a total number of 60 unsexed 7-d-old chicks. Chickens were housed in battery brooders during d 1 to 35 of age and randomly distributed keeping similar initial body weight, in two FR treatment groups. During 0-6 d of age, chickens were fed ad libitum, a mash commercial diet. During d 7-14 of age, chickens were fed either 100 or 80 % of the daily amount of feed consumed by the control group during the previous day. From d 15 to d 35, chickens were fed ad libitum diets a mash commercial diet. At the end of the experiment, body weight gain on the FR regimen was significantly lower than that of the control group, but feed intake and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were not affected. In addition, red blood cells parameters and white blood cells traits were not negatively affected. However, hemagglutination inhibition titter for New castle disease virus, monocyte and total cholesterol were significantly decreased by FR regimen, but blood plasma albumin and immunoglobulin A significantly increased. In conclusion, slow growing chickens could tolerate 27.2 % FR during the 2nd week of age without significant differences in feed intake and FCR for the whole period, and general health status and metabolic profiles indicating a compensatory growth during 15-35 d of age although growth was in favour to the unrestricted group.
New Extended Weibull Distribution
Authors: Ahmad Zubair , Hussain Zawar
Published: July 2017

This article considers a new function to propose a new lifetime model. The new model is introduced by utilizing the linear scheme of the two logarithms of cumulative hazard functions. The new model is named as new extended Weibull distribution, and is able to model data with unimodal or modified unimodal shaped failure rates. A brief explanation of the mathematical properties of the proposed model is provided. The model parameters will be estimated by deploying the maximum likelihood method. To illustrate the usefulness of the proposed model, an example will be discussed.
Hybridization of Class Responsibility Collaborators Model (HCRCM) with Function Point to enhance Project Estimation Cost in Agile Software Development
Authors: Silas Faki Agebee , Yusuf Musa , Bijik Anah Hassan
Published: July 2017

Estimating software cost in an agile system in terms of effort is very challenging. This is because the traditional models of software cost estimation do not completely fit in the agile development process. This paper presents a methodology to enhance the cost of project estimation in agile development. The hybridization adopts Class Responsibility Collaborators models with function point thereby boosting the agile software development estimation process. The study found out that adopting the Hybridized Class Responsibility Collaborator with function point has great improvement on cost estimation in agile software development.
Incidence and Trends in Hypoglycemia Hospitalization in Adults With Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes in England, 1998–2013: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Zhong Victor W. , Juhaeri Juhaeri , Cole Stephen R. , Kontopantelis Evangelos , Shay Christina M. , Gordon-Larsen Penny , Mayer-Davis Elizabeth J.
Published: July 2017

OBJECTIVE

To determine trends in hospitalization for hypoglycemia in adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in England.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

Adults with T1DM or T2DM were identified from 398 of the 684 practices within the Clinical Practice Research Datalink, for which linkage to the Hospital Episode Statistics was possible. Hypoglycemia as the primary reason for hospitalization between 1998 and 2013 was extracted. Trends were estimated using joinpoint regression models for adults with T1DM, young and middle-aged adults with T2DM (18–64 years), and elderly adults with T2DM (≥65 years), respectively.

RESULTS

Among 23,246 adults with T1DM, 1,591 hypoglycemia hospitalizations occurred during 121,262 person-years. Among 241,441 adults with T2DM, 3,738 hypoglycemia hospitalizations occurred during 1,344,818 person-years. In adults with T1DM, the incidence increased 3.74% (95% CI 1.70–5.83) annually from 1998 to 2013. In young and middle-aged adults with T2DM, the annual incidence increase was 4.12% (0.61–7.75) from 1998 to 2013. In elderly adults with T2DM, the incidence increased 8.59% (5.76–11.50) annually from 1998 to 2009, and decreased 8.05% (−14.48 to −1.13) annually from 2009 to 2013, but the incidence was still higher in 2013 than 1998 (adjusted rate ratio 3.01 [1.76–5.14]). Trends in HbA1c level did not parallel trends of hypoglycemia hospitalization for both diabetes types. A possible reason for declined hypoglycemia trend in 2009–2013 in elderly adults with T2DM may be continuously decreased sulfonylurea use after 2009, which was not seen in young and middle-aged adults with T2DM.

CONCLUSIONS

Hypoglycemia requiring hospitalization has been an increasing burden in adults with T1DM and T2DM in England in the previous two decades, with the exception of the decline in elderly adults with T2DM starting in 2009.
PENGARUH KINERJA KEUANGAN DAN KEBIJAKAN DIVIDEN TERHADAP HARGA SAHAM (Survei pada Perusahaan Sektor Property dan Real Estate di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) Tahun 2013)
Authors: Mariana Citra
Published: July 2017

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan mengungkapkan pengaruh kinerja keuangan dan kebijakan dividen terhadap harga saham pada sektor property dan real estate di Bursa Efek Indonesia tahun 2013. Sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 43 perusahaan. Analisis data dilakukan dua tahap. Pertama menggunakan paired sample t-test dan kedua analisis regresi linier berganda. Bersadarkan hasil analisis paired sample t-test ditemukan bahwa tidak terdapat perubahan signifikan terhadap harga saham yang terjadi pada periode sebelum publikasi, tanggal publikasi dan periode sesudah publikasi. Selanjutnya berdasarkan hasil analisis regresi linier berganda ditemukan bahwa price earnings ratio, price book value, earnings per share berpengaruh positif terhadap harga saham. Return on assets berpengaruh negatif terhadap harga saham. Debt to equity ratio, net profit margin dan kebijakan dividen tidak berpengaruh terhadap harga saham.Kata kunci: kinerja keuangan, kebijakan dividen, harga saham, property, real estate. ABSTRACTThis study aims to reveal the influence of the financial performance and the dividend policy on stock prices in the property and real estate sector in the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2013. The sample in this research is 43 companies. To analyze the research data used two steps, paired sample t-test and then multiple linear regression analysis. Based on results of the analysis of paired sample t-test found that there is no significant change in the stock price that occurred in the period before publication, publication date and the period after the publication. Based on the results of the regression analysis of Multiple linear found that price earnings ratio, price-book value, earnings per share positive effect on stock prices. Return on assets negatively affects stock prices. Debt to equity ratio, net profit margin and dividend policy does not affect the company's stock priceKeywords: financial performance, dividend policy stock prices, property, real estate
HUBUNGAN PEMAHAMAN AKUNTABILITAS, TRANSPARANSI, PARTISIPASI, VALUE FOR MONEY DAN GOOD GOVERNANCE (Studi Empiris pada SKPD di Kabupaten Lumajang)
Authors: Iswahyudi Aries , Triyuwono Iwan , Achsin M.
Published: July 2017

ABSTRAKTujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk 1) menguji secara empiris pengaruh pemahaman akuntabilitas terhadap good governance. 2) menguji secara empiris pengaruh pemahaman transparansi terhadap good governance. 3) menguji secara empiris pengaruh pemahaman partisipasi masyarakat terhadap good governance. 4) menguji secara empiris pengaruh pemahaman Value For Money (VFM) terhadap good governance. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan pendekatan eksplanatori. Variabel dalam penelitian ini adalah akuntabilitas, transparansi, partisipasi, dan VFM, dengan variabel terikat adalah good governance. Populasi dalam penelitian ini yaitu SKPD Kabupaten Lumajang yang terkait dengan pelayanan publik. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah random bertingkat (stratified random sampling). Teknik analisis menggunakan regresi berganda. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa good governance tidak berjalan dengan baik karena variabel akuntabilitas tidak berpengaruh secara positif, variabel VFM tidak berpengaruh secara positif. Sedangkan variabel partisipasi berpengaruh secara negatif dan variabel transparansi berpengaruh secara positif terhadap good governance.Kata kunci: akuntabilitas, transparansi, partisipasi, VFM, good governance ABSTRACTThe purpose of this study is to 1) Test empirically the effect of accountability to the understanding of good governance. 2) Test empirically understanding the influence of transparency to good governance. 3) Test empirically understanding the influence of society participation to good governance. 4) Test empirically understanding the influence of Value For Money (VFM) to good governance. This study uses a quantitative approach with explanatory approach. The variables in this study are accountability, transparency, participation, and VFM, the dependent variable is good governance. The population in this study is SKPD Lumajang related to public services. The sampling technique used was stratified random (stratified random sampling). Techniques using multiple regression analysis. The results show that good governance does not work well because the variable does not affect positively accountability, variable VFM does not affect positively. While variable negatively affect participation and transparency variables affect positively to good governance.Keywords: accountability, transparency, participation, VFM, good governance
Solar intensity estimation in a geographical region based on agents
Authors: J.A. Ramos Hernanz  , .J. Campayo Martín  , I. Zamora Belver  , E. Puelles Pérez  , E. Zulueta Guerrero
Published: July 2017

Models based on multi-agents present numerous advantages to calculate the estimation of the intensity of solar radiation. Among the different existing options, the software of simulation NetLogo, is utilized in this work. In this estimation, the possible cloudiness and existing pollution are the main variables considered.
The work developed in the programming of a model based on multi-agents, followed by an analysis of the software used and of the characteristics of the proposed model are presented.
Performance of rotational speed controlled small-scale head-dependent hydroelectric power plant
Authors: Tuomo Lindh  , Risto Tiainen  , Jero Ahola  , Markku Niemelä  , Ville Särkimäki
Published: July 2017

Small scale or micro scale hydroelectric power production is characterized by high investment costs compared to operation costs. In addition, the repayment time is often long, more than ten years (if not subsidized heavily) which requires that a small-scale hydropower plants can be profitable only if both the investment costs and the running costs are low. The performance and efficiency of a plant is very important because having long repayment time means that the efficiency improvement of one percentage unit often means the ten percentage unit improvement in profit. The most economical way to control the flow is sometimes a two point control where generators are switched on and off depending on high water level used as control variable. The water level cannot be kept constant using this method, but the traditionally used mechanical blade angle adjustment system is too expensive in very small (approximately <100 kW) units. The new method of controlling the upper water level (head) is the use of rotational speed control of turbine, implemented by a four quadrant frequency converter. The efficiency of a 4-quadrant frequency converter is approximately 97 %, which reduces the income compared to the situation where the generators are directly connected to electricity network. However, when the head is kept constant using a frequency converter, it is not required to switch off the generator circuit breakers which have a finite life time and the head height can be kept optimal in terms of performance. In this paper, a system structure, a pilot plant installation and example calculations on the feasibility of a frequency converter driven fixed blade hydro power turbine is given.
Power line carrier communications and its interest in the current power grid scenario
Authors: O. Abarrategui Ranero  , I. Zamora  , DM. Larruskain  , A. Iturregi
Published: July 2017

During the last years PLC technologies have been widely developed mainly due to new modulation techniques used for wireless telecommunication systems that can also be applied to PLC systems. The current state of the art of PLC communications is presents many possibilities and opportunities for the utilities.
Besides the Distributed Energy Resources integration to the distribution grid is The aim of this paper is to make a review of the existing PLC technologies as well as the analysis of an interesting range of electric applications of PLC.
Wind energy integration into 380 kV system-impact on power quality of MV and LV networks
Authors: E. Vilchez  , J. Stenzel
Published: July 2017

The amount of electrical energy produced by wind mills is constantly increasing. Nowadays detailed analyses considering the impact of wind energy integration on the transmission system are required. The goal of this study is to examine the power quality behavior of the network in case of integration of different amounts of wind energy at different locations of the 380 kV transmission system. In order to analyse the impact of wind energy integration on the network's power quality, a 380 kV transmission system with MV, and LV subsystems is modeled, integrated wind farms are used and power quality analyses are performed
Generalized fourier series - a useful mathematical tool in power electronics
Authors: Jan Iwaszkiewicz  , Jacek Perz  , Manuel Pérez Donsión
Published: July 2017

The paper is related to the problem of creating stepped waveforms by use the generalized Fourier series. This method can be applied especially in power electronics as a tool permitting to reach AC voltage waveforms approximated to the sine wave shape. This novel approach to the synthesis of AC voltage waveforms is based on Fourier series of orthogonal functions set. Applying analytical methods and expressions given in the paper it is possible to define such optimal parameters of the waveform in order to receive the lowest harmonics content. The presented mathematical tool is very useful in designing structures and control algorithms of multilevel converters.
Wave power conversion systems for electrical energy production
Authors: Leão Rodrigues
Published: July 2017

Due to economic social cohesion, the European Union is promoting to improve the production of electrical energy from renewable energy sources. Sea waves have associated a form of renewable energy which can be captured by using a hydro mechanical device that in turn drives an electrical generator to produce electrical energy. After a brief description of wave formation and quantifying the power across each meter of wave front associated to the wave, the paper describes several devices used presently to extract mechanical energy from the waves and their advantages and disadvantages are presented as conclusions. In particular, the modern Pelamis system is described in some detail. Wave energy market is also discussed.
Optimal relay performance using advanced fault diagnostic techniques
Authors: Tolu.O. Akinbulire  , Peter.O. Oluseyi  , Chris.I.Esumeh
Published: July 2017

This paper describes application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) methods in the diagnostic operation of the protective relays in power system with a particular emphasis on neuro-fuzzy method, as a viable enhancement to the existing classical protection technique in use on the Nigeria’s national grid. The proposed method is simulated to showcase its advantages over the existing methods. It will not replace the latter but rather serves as a means of improving its reliability as a protection scheme. This work can also be applied to any other complex power system spread over a wide geographical area like Nigeria’s.
Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors (PMSM). Parameters influence on the synchronization Process of a PMSM
Authors: J. Rais  , M. P. Donsión
Published: July 2017

This work is deal with problems about PMSM. In the first part there is account working principle and design of PMSM. Below there is mathematic model of PMSM, which is used in calculation of behavior PMSM. The third part is deal with parameters influence on transient phenomenon, especially his starting and synchronization process. The last part observes parameters influence on the machine with help of simulator program PCSIM. There are four cases. The first case is Voltage Source Inverter applied to a PMSM, the second case is A Voltage Source Inverter controlled by a Pulse Width Modulation applied to a PMSM, third case is A Voltage Source Inverter with supply cable applied to a PMSM and the last case is Influence of quality of supplied electricity on the behaviour of PMSM
Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors (PMSM). Parameters influence on the synchronization Process of a PMSM
Authors: T. Tudorache  , L. Melcescu  , M. Popescu  , M Cistelecan
Published: July 2017

This   paper    deals    with    the   finite    element estimation  of  cogging  torque  oscillations  that  occur  in  multi-pole permanent magnets synchronous wind generators.  The  numerical analysis  is  carried  out  using a  2D  plane-parallel finite  element  model  of  the  machine  and  afterward  a  more elaborated  3D  model  able  to  take  into  account  the  skewing  of the   stator   slots.   The   numerical   results   are   discussed   and compared with the experimental measurements. This  paper  presents  also  the  influence  of  the  magnetization characteristics of stator and rotor cores as well as the influence of  the  magnetization  orientation  of  the  permanent  magnets  of the generator on the cogging torque values.
Pyrolysis and catalytic steam gasification of olive oil waste in two stages
Authors: J. M. Encinar  , J.F. González  , G. Martínez  , M.J. Martín
Published: July 2017

A study of the pyrolysis and catalytic gasification of a waste from the extraction of olive oil has been carried out. The work objective was to characterize the solid and gaseous phases generated in the process for their possible utilization in energy generation. The experimental system consists of two cylindrical stainless steel reactors connected in series. A conventional pyrolysis is produced in the first reactor. In the second reactor, the gases and liquids generated in the first one pass through a dolomite catalytic bed where the cracking of the heavier components is produced. Also, in this second reactor, a steam stream is continuously introduced. The influence of temperature (500-700 ºC), quantity of catalyst (25-100 g) and steam flow rate (0-1.40 mL/min) has been determined. Also, the dolomite effectiveness as catalyst was evaluated For this motive, experiments, without reactivating dolomite, were carried out (0-6 runs), and the yields of solids, liquids and gases were determined. An increase in reaction temperature leads to a decrease in solid and liquid yield and to an increase in the gas phase yield. The presence of catalyst and the quantity of the same, originate an important decrease in the liquid phase yield and a high increase in the gas phase yield, especially important in the case of hydrogen. On the other hand, the catalyst is very stable and does not lose activity during at least six cycles of reaction. The presence of steam, increase the yield of hydrogen, but the increase of the steam flow rate, do not generate significant changes in the products distribution.
THE HUNGER GAMES: REPRESENTING THE NEW IMAGE OF AMERICAN POPULAR HEROES
Authors: Chusna Aidatul , Susana W.A.F. Lynda
Published: July 2017

This research is aimed at revealing the new image of American popular heroes as depicted in the novel adaptation film of The Hunger Games which is created as a trilogy, which consists of two more novels: Catching Fire and Mockingjay. This film is one of the most phenomenal films in 2013-2104, which grossed out up to $407,999,255. This research used textual approach, which focused on the text as the object, that is The Hunger Games film. The result shows that The Hunger Games essentially brings the issue of slavery back into scrutiny. However, the creation of the heroin in the film is granted as the reconstruction of popular heroes in America. She is an inspiring female hero which is exemplified as the appreciation of womens values. Yet, the heroin is broadly defined with the qualities of rouge heroes as the characteristics are the representation of the belief and values associated with freedom to wash away the oppression restore the rights of the minority. In addition to the issue of slavery , the symbols of new hope and new spirit are implicitly emerged in the story. This attempt was proficiently done by the heroin, which was eventually created as the new image of the American heroes.
Relationship between Gender, Subject Preference and Learning Styles
Authors: Suprihadi Suprihadi , Rokhayani Atik
Published: July 2017

Understanding the learning styles of the students is very crucial in implementing student-centered learning (SCL). The objectives of this research are to describe: 1) the general learning styles profile of the students of English Education Department Universitas Muria Kudus; 2) the dependency relationship between learning styles dimensions and gender, and 3) the dependency relationship between subject preference and learning styles dimensions. This research uses 208 students from different semesters as the samples, while the instrument is the Indonesian translation of Solomon-Felder Index of Learning Styles Questionnaire. The result of the analysis reveals that: 1) the general learning style profile of the students is balanced; 2) at ? .05, there is no significant relationship between the probability of the students of having certain learning styles dimensions and gender; 3) at ? .05, the subject preference of the students who are SensingIntuitive and Visual Verbal depends on their learning styles dimensions, while that of those who are Active Reflective and Sequential Global does not.
Exploring Students Perception and ICT Use in Indonesian High Schools
Authors: Suratno Anton , Aydawati Emilia Ninik
Published: July 2017

The recent spread of technological innovation along with the sophistication of the ICT gadgets have shapped and transformed the realm of learning and teaching including in that of English Language. Alongside, ICT has become more and more inextricable part of human businesses and put a higher level of demand for technological literacy in the part of English learners in order for them to be convident in the digital era membership and participation. This study surveyed 400 high school students as regards: (a) their ICT gadgets perceived ownership; (b) their day-to-day outside and in-school use and; (c) their activities using ICT gadgets for English learning. Findings from the descriptive analyses of the mixed-method study, disclose the positive perception about the gadget ownership. Interestingly, the current study also discovers that there has been a mismatch between the positively perceived ownership of the ICT gadgets and the real day-to-day use as facilitative media for learning, in particular as a useful aids for English language learning. Focusing on the result discussion, issues with regard to discrepancies in the provision of infrastructures and the lack of the support system by school institutions emerge from the FGD analysis highlighting the importance for all decision makers, school institutions, and teachers to consciously start doing something about it. By highlighting the pivotal role of the technology, the researcher suggested a real action for responding to the call for a change in both policy makers and institutonal levels to start integrating the technology into the school curricula.
Using Dictation to Promote the Use of Grammar Knowledge in Reconstructing Listening Texts
Authors: Herusatoto Hesthi
Published: July 2017

This paper reports the findings of the implementation of full dictation and partial dictation in improving the awareness of using grammar knowledge in reconstructing listening texts among the EFL students at STBA (School of Foreign Languages) LIA Yogyakarta. Three groups participated in the study, i.e. two experimental groups (Group A and B) and a control group (Group C). A pre-test on listening to lectures was administered to the three groups. Over 9 sessions, Group C did the listening exercises in their textbook using dicto-comp technique, while in addition to the listening exercises which applied dicto-comp, the students in Group A was given full dictation exercises and Group B received partial dictation exercises. A post-test was given to the three groups after the ninth session. In addition to the post-test, a 5-point Likert-scale questionnaire assessing the students responses to the dictation exercises was given to the experimental groups. Results of paired-samples tests indicated that there was a significant difference between each groups pre- and post-test. The mean gain score of Group B was higher than Group A showing that Group B had better improvement in the post-test. Furthermore, Group B had better grammar points in their post-test compared to Group A. Group C also increased their scores but they still got their teachers assistance to point out their grammatical mistakes in their notes. This suggests that the dictations given to the experimental groups improved the students awareness in applying their grammar knowledge to reproduce a listening text they heard.
Association between Symptoms of Allergic Rhinitis with Decreased General Health–Related Quality of Life
Authors: Hoehle Lloyd P. , Speth Marlene M. , Phillips Katie M. , Gaudin Robert A. , Caradonna David S. , Gray Stacey T. , Sedaghat Ahmad R.
Published: July 2017

Background

The impact of specific allergic rhinitis symptoms on patient quality of life (QOL) is currently unknown.

Objective

In this study, we sought to determine the association between nasal and extranasal symptoms of allergic rhinitis with general health–related QOL.

Methods

A total of 150 participants with ages > 18 years and persistent allergic rhinitis were prospectively recruited for this cross-sectional study. General health–related QOL was measured by using the visual analog scale (VAS) from the five-dimension EuroQol QOL survey (EQ-5D). The severity of nasal and extranasal symptoms was measured by using the 22-item Sino-Nasal Outcome Test (SNOT-22). The severity of nasal obstruction was measured by using the Nasal Obstruction Severity Evaluation (NOSE) scale. Each participant also completed a Rhinitis Control Assessment Test (RCAT).

Results

The total SNOT-22 score was significantly correlated with RCAT (r = -0.68 [95% confidence interval {CI}, -0.75 to -0.58]; p < 0.001) and EQ-5D VAS (r = -0.44 [95% CI, -0.56 to -0.30]; p < 0.001). Of the 22 symptoms assessed on the SNOT-22, sleep-related symptoms, and otologic symptoms were associated with the greatest decrease in general health–related QOL. Nasal symptoms were least associated with general health–related QOL. The symptom of nasal obstruction was not at all associated with general health–related QOL (p = 0.267). We confirmed this finding by showing no significant correlation between the NOSE score and EQ-5D VAS (r = -0.05 [95% CI, -0.21 to 0.12]; p = 0.582).

Conclusion

Sleep and otologic symptoms were associated with the greatest negative impact on QOL in adults with persistent allergic rhinitis and should be routinely assessed in their clinical evaluation.
Are Prophylactic Systemic Antibiotics Necessary with Nasal Packing? A Systematic Review
Authors: Lange Jessica L. , Peeden Erin H. , Stringer Scott P.
Published: July 2017

Background

The use of prophylactic systemic antibiotics with nasal packing has been a controversial topic. There are few evidence-based studies to determine the need for prophylactic systemic antibiotics. We performed a systematic literature review to determine the role of prophylactic systemic antibiotics with nasal packing in the prevention of toxic shock syndrome and local nasal infections.

Objective

The purpose of this study was to perform a systematic literature review to determine the role of prophylactic systemic antibiotics with nasal packing in the prevention of toxic shock syndrome and local nasal infections.

Methods

A search for studies that reviewed the efficacy of prophylactic systemic antibiotics in the prevention of toxic shock or nasal infections and/or sinusitis for patients with nasal packing for epistaxis and postoperative septoplasties was performed. This was conducted in a number of medical literature data bases by following the methods of the 2009 Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Only English publications and human studies that were randomized control trials, quasi-randomized control trials, controlled clinical trials, retrospective studies, and case series were included.

Results

Six studies, with a total of 990 patients, met the inclusion criteria for the review and were included. Primary outcomes were signs and symptoms of nasal or sinus infections in patients who underwent nasal packing for epistaxis or septoplasty. There were no reports of toxic shock syndrome in any patients, and there was no statistical difference in purulent drainage in patients who had septoplasty (9.9 versus 11.2%) treated with or without antibiotics.

Conclusion

There is a paucity of literature that reviewed the need for prophylactic systemic antibiotics with nasal packing. The available literature does not show a significant benefit to the use of antibiotics with nasal packing, but the studies were underpowered to detect such a difference. One must consider the associated risks of prophylactic antibiotics to the patient as well when deciding to prescribe prophylactic antibiotics.
Culture and Language as Factors Related in the Process of Learning and Education
Authors: Papa Irena
Published: July 2017

Communicative language teaching has become a familiar part of the landscape of language teaching in the last three or four decades. Teachers who perceive the objectives of teaching foreign languages associated with learning intercultural competence will be more inclined to make the process of teaching foreign languages more intercultural than teachers who perceive objectives as related to the acquisition of communicative competence. In this paper the relationship between culture and language is going to be explored by focusing on their role and impact in the process of learning languages and education.
The Semantic Potencial and Functional Characteristics of the Present Tense in Albanian Language
Authors: Pinari Alma
Published: July 2017

In the Albanian language grammar as far as synthetic present tense is regarded, the verb (run - vrapoj), has been traditionally called as an undefined tense since it rarely defines a certain moment of the action. On the other hand the analytic form of present continues (po vrapoj - I am running), deals with a certain connection between the action and the moment of speech. The real difference between the undefined action and defined action has always been considered as the main characteristic of the contravention among analytics and synthetics forms of the Albanian language. Actually, the main reason that we use the present tense of the indicative form is to show the way an action is in total accordance with the action of speech. But linguistic facts prove that the action expressed by the present instant transcends the limits of discourse, while fragment of the situation that is in the scope of the speakers at the "moment of speech", as a rule, is part of a whole situation, where the beginning and the end of the action is not affected from it. However, the Albanian language deals with the present tense of verbs just like other forms of the verbs in an attempt to limit the connection between the action and the moment of speech. This happens even in other tenses which may be sort of the same but that stand in different semantic meanings. The scope of this paper is of indicative in Albanian language, the semantic potential and functional features of its synthetic and analytic forms and linguistic interpretation issues of semantic content of this tense. Among other forms of indicative, present tense of Albanian is characterized by large semantics due to the ability of its forms to express not only time relations with the moment of speech (proper temporal semantics), but also how verbal action develops or is distributed in time (aspectual semantics). Idea of time underlies both mentioned semantics, but they stand in different linguistic planes.
Compound Pronouns in English and Albanian
Authors: Sherko Esmeralda
Published: July 2017

This study concentrates on compound pronouns in English and Albanian. Compounding is considered as one of the most prolific word formation techniques in both languages. The study is made up of three basic parts: compounding is analysed theoretically; compound pronouns collected by the Dictionary of Contemporary Albanian Language and Oxford Student’s Dictionary are analysed; conclusions are drawn as of their similarities and differences. Albanian language provides interesting results as it includes a specific category of pronouns under a different heading than compounding and that is agglutinated pronouns. Compound pronouns are analysed quantitatively and qualitatively in both languages. Quantitative analysis deals with their positioning in relation to all compound words per each dictionary. Qualitative analysis deals with the elements constituting the compound pronouns. The study also pinpoints the differences and similarities between compound pronouns when translated from English into Albanian and vice versa. The study is illustrated with abundant examples in both languages. Statistic results of the study show that Albanian compound (agglutinated) pronouns outnumber the English compound pronouns→ 81: 18; also constituent structures of Alb. vs Eng. pronouns are →9:2. Translation of pronouns from one language into the other: one English pronoun – different Albanian pronouns and vice versa.
Albanians in Presevo Valley and Their National Rights
Authors: Zejnullahi Veton
Published: July 2017

The situation of Albanians in Serbia, especially in three municipalities bordering with Kosovo-Presevo, Bujanovac and Medvegja, which are known as the Presevo Valley region remains the same even after the Kosovo war and after the war that took place in this region between Serbian government forces and ethnic Albanian fighters LAPMB. Since in this region the majority of the population is Albanian, then the object of study will be focused in the situation of the population there and the challenges facing it in everyday life and problems they encounter, starting from the most basic ones like: education, information, health, use of language, use of national symbols and many other problems. Presevo Valley throughout the stages of its history has always been marked with the various tensions depending on the circumstances, which have escalated to armed conflicts as happened during World War II when fighters of this area contributed greatly to the fight against fascism and Nazis, but even in the latter case when the war took place between government forces and ethnic Albanian Serbian organized around LAPMB. We will also see that the Albanian population in this region is indigenous to the early centuries of history being part of the Ancient Dardania and despite many invaders, Albanian population managed to preserve its national identity. Therefore the aim of this paper is to show the state of Albanians in the Presevo Valley focusing on historical, political, economic, demographic, cultural, educational, health, national rights - the symbols and language, information, migration and many problems other faced by the people of this region.