bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Determinantes de la inversión extranjera directa China en Latinoamérica
Authors: Ávila-López Luis Alfredo , Galván-León Jorge Alfonso , Zayas-Márquez Carolina
Published: January 2021

Objetivo: Analizar el flujo de inversión extranjera directa de la República Popular China desde el 2008 al 2017 en 7 países latinoamericanos: Argentina, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, México, Perú y Uruguay. Método: La investigación es de tipo cuantitativo, no experimental, longitudinal de panel, de alcance descriptivo y explicativo. Se analizaron las siguientes variables: Producto Interno Bruto, balanza comercial, instituciones, inflación, distancia de Beijing a la capital del país latinoamericano y los recursos naturales, desde el 2008 al 2017. Resultados: Los resultados de la investigación muestran que la única variable que por el momento atrae la inversión china a Latinoamérica es el tamaño de la economía. Conclusiones: Por consiguiente, se concluye que aquellos países que cuenten con un PIB más elevado, serán mayormente atractivos para la deslocalización de la inversión China.
Factores de variación en la estructura poblacional y producción de fibra en vicuñas de la Región Cusco-Perú
Authors: Pacheco C. Joel Iván , Velez M. Víctor Manuel , Angulo-Tisoc José Manuel , Castelo O. Henry
Published: January 2021

La vicuña es una especie emblemática de la conservación de fauna en el Perú. La población de vicuñas se recuperó después de varios años de medidas oportunas para su conservación, pasando al apéndice II del CITES. En la actualidad existen vicuñas que se mantienen libres (silvestría) y poblaciones mantenidas encerradas en cercos permanentes (cautiverio). Durante 2018 se realizaron 58 capturas programadas (llamadas Chacus) en la Región Cusco, capturando 6777 animales, correspondiendo 3229 y 3548 cabezas para silvestría y cautividad, respectivamente. La distribución etaria en el caso de juveniles fue mayor en silvestría (18.08%) con respecto al sistema de cautividad (7.2%), lo cual estaría evidenciando la existencia de mayor mortalidad en esta población. El censo nacional de 2012 indica una mayor proporción de hembras en la población general de la Región Cusco; sin embargo, en este trabajo se encontraron poblaciones similares por sexo en ambos sistemas de crianza. La proporción de vicuñas esquiladas respecto a las capturadas fue de 52.95 y 30.21% para silvestría y cautividad, respectivamente, en tanto que la producción de fibra fue de 172.4 y 156.7 g por animal en promedio para silvestría y cautividad, respectivamente. Estos resultados conllevan a la posibilidad de replantear el uso de cercos permanentes en la crianza de vicuñas en cautiverio para la producción de fibra, considerando los menores niveles productivos obtenidos en este sistema de manejo.
Desarrollo de sistema Web basado en los frameworks de Laravel y VueJs, para la gestión por procesos: Un estudio de caso
Authors: Avilés Matute Smith , Avila-Pesantez Diego , Avila Miriam
Published: January 2021

En la actualidad, el desarrollo de software implica un alto volumen de transferencia de datos entre las aplicaciones y el usuario final , esto exige implementarlas utilizando nuevas tecnologías web. El presente trabajo contribuye al desarrollo de una aplicación web para mejorar la gestión de procesos de la compañía de seguridad UNICEPRI, integrando elementos adecuados como son los frameworks Laravel para el backend y VueJs para el frontend, y el gestor de base de datos MariaDB. El enfoque Modelo Vista-Controlador redujo el uso de recursos de memoria, el tiempo de navegación y la recuperación de datos mediante la reutilización de componentes y la carga parcial del sitio web, obteniendo flexibilidad y comunicación con otras aplicaciones y hardware. Para dar seguimiento a la implementación se utilizó la metodología ágil SCRUM, permitiendo una adecuada comunicación entre cliente y desarrollador, y el cumplimiento de las diferentes actividades en los tiempos establecidos. Para la evaluación de la calidad del software se utilizó la métrica de eficiencia con respecto al tiempo de respuesta definida en la norma ISO/IEC 25010, que fueron analizados mediante la prueba estadística t-pareada, dando como resultado una significativa eficiencia del sistema, mejorando la gestión por procesos del personal administrativo dentro de la compañía.
Modelamiento y Simulación de Redes de Transporte Urbano: Seis Casos en Lima
Authors: Córdova Serrano Jesús A. , Campos Briceño Sheila P. , Delgadillo Rosa , Mauricio David
Published: January 2021

Los estudios de las redes de transporte urbano en muchas ciudades no están bien enfocados, pues no contemplan herramientas para su planificación y control, haciendo que las decisiones para solucionar los múltiples problemas respecto a la congestión vehicular sean caros y no adecuadas, generando malestar en los usuarios, y muchas veces agrava los problemas, pues no se evalúa su impacto. Una alternativa a ello son los simuladores de tráfico, que en la actualidad existen en variedad, sin embargo, no son de fácil acceso, se requiere un estudio formal y una relación con el centro de investigación que lo provee, sus reportes personalizados son limitados y obedecen a otra realidad. En el presente trabajo se modela, simula seis casos frecuentes de redes de transporte urbano en Lima: Intersección, Ovalo, Unión, By-Pass, Trébol y T; mediante el uso de Arena (simulador de propósito general), técnicas estadísticas y de simulación conocidas. Se validó el modelo T con un nivel de confianza promedio del 95%, además, se pudo obtener información personalizada para la toma de decisión.
Timing of Co-occurring Chronic Conditions in Children With Neurologic Impairment
Authors: Thomson Joanna , Hall Matt , Nelson Katherine , Flores Juan Carlos , Garrity Brigid , DeCourcey Danielle D. , Agrawal Rishi , Goodman Denise M. , Feinstein James A. , Coller Ryan J. , Cohen Eyal , Kuo Dennis Z. , Antoon James W. , Houtrow Amy J , Bastianelli Lucia , Berry Jay G.
Published: January 2021

BACKGROUND:

Children with neurologic impairment (NI) are at risk for developing co-occurring chronic conditions, increasing their medical complexity and morbidity. We assessed the prevalence and timing of onset for those conditions in children with NI.

METHODS:

This longitudinal analysis included 6229 children born in 2009 and continuously enrolled in Medicaid through 2015 with a diagnosis of NI by age 3 in the IBM Watson Medicaid MarketScan Database. NI was defined with an existing diagnostic code set encompassing neurologic, genetic, and metabolic conditions that result in substantial functional impairments requiring subspecialty medical care. The prevalence and timing of co-occurring chronic conditions was assessed with the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality Chronic Condition Indicator system. Mean cumulative function was used to measure age trends in multimorbidity.

RESULTS:

The most common type of NI was static (56.3%), with cerebral palsy (10.0%) being the most common NI diagnosis. Respiratory (86.5%) and digestive (49.4%) organ systems were most frequently affected by co-occurring chronic conditions. By ages 2, 4, and 6 years, the mean (95% confidence interval [CI]) numbers of co-occurring chronic conditions were 3.7 (95% CI 3.7–3.8), 4.6 (95% CI 4.5–4.7), and 5.1 (95% CI 5.1–5.2). An increasing percentage of children had ≥9 co-occurring chronic conditions as they aged: 5.3% by 2 years, 10.0% by 4 years, and 12.8% by 6 years.

CONCLUSIONS:

Children with NI enrolled in Medicaid have substantial multimorbidity that develops early in life. Increased attention to the timing and types of multimorbidity in children with NI may help optimize their preventive care and case management health services.
Pérdida de suelo en el sistema ancestral wachado en el trópico alto de Nariño, Colombia
Authors: Volveras-Mambuscay Belisario , Merchancano-Rosero José Domingo , López-Rendón Juan Fernando , Campo-Quesada José Manuel
Published: January 2021

Introducción. El sistema ancestral wachado (surco o camellón), usado en laderas de Nariño para la producción de papa y leche, no utiliza maquinaria pesada y genera menor impacto sobre la productividad del suelo. Objetivo. Evaluar el ajuste de la inclinación del surcado para papa y su efecto sobre la pérdida de suelo en la zona alto andina de Nariño. Materiales y métodos. El trabajo se desarrolló en las localidades de Pasto, Potosí y Pupiales, entre mayo y octubre del 2014. Se utilizó un diseño de bloques completos al azar con tres repeticiones y cuatro tratamientos (wachado a 90°, 70°, 60° y labranza comercial). En la base de cada unidad experimental se construyeron canaletas para recoger el suelo desplazado. Se evaluó la pérdida del suelo y rendimiento de tubérculos. Resultados. Se observó efecto significativo de la inclinación de los surcos sobre la pérdida de suelo; la mayor pérdida total de suelo se obtuvo en surcos en sentido de la pendiente (90°), con promedio de 69,29 t ha-1 para labranza comercial y 63,51 t ha-1 para wachado; la menor pérdida fue 45,76 t ha-1 en wachado a 60°. De la pérdida total de suelo, la mayor proporción se presentó en los primeros dos meses del cultivo que incluyó siembra y aporques; en estas labores se perdió el 90%, 60% y 67% en las localidades de Pasto, Potosí y Pupiales, respectivamente. No se observó efecto de los tratamientos de inclinación del surcado sobre el rendimiento de papa, que alcanzó un promedio de 44,94 t ha-1. Conclusión. La reducción de la inclinación de los surcos disminuyó la pérdida de suelo durante el ciclo de cultivo sin afectar el rendimiento y se sugiere validarla a nivel comercial, ya que podría contribuir a la disminución de la degradación del suelo en las laderas andinas de Nariño.
Raoultella terrigena y Pectobacterium carotovorum en hortalizas en dos provincias de Costa Rica
Authors: Cubero-Agüero Diego , Brenes-Guillén Laura , Vidaurre -Barahona Daniela , Uribe-Lorío Lorena
Published: January 2021

Introducción. La pudrición blanda en los cultivos es causada por un grupo de bacterias capaces de secretar enzimas que degradan la pectina de la pared celular de las plantas y ocasionan pérdidas económicas importantes en la agricultura a nivel mundial. En Costa Rica existe poca información acerca de la distribución, hospederos y diversidad genética de los agentes causales de esta enfermedad. Objetivo. Identificar la presencia de bacterias causantes de pudrición blanda en hortalizas de la zona de Cartago y Alajuela con análisis moleculares, enzimáticos y técnicas de patogenicidad. Materiales y métodos. El estudio se llevó a cabo entre julio y octubre de 2017 en Cartago y Alajuela, Costa Rica. Se recolectaron plantas con síntomas de pudrición blanda en: chile dulce (Capcicum annum), hojas y bulbos de cebolla (Allium cepa), plantas de zucchini (Cucurbita pepo), frutos de tomate (Solanum lycopersicum) y plantas de papa (Solanum tuberosum). Se realizaron aislamientos bacterianos en un medio selectivo de cristal violeta y pectato (CVP). Se efectuaron ensayos de reacción hipersensible (RH), los aislamientos se inocularon en hojas de chile dulce y se llevaron a cabo pruebas de patogenicidad (postulados de Koch) para las bacterias positivas. Los aislamientos se identificaron molecularmente mediante el gen ARN-Ribosomal 16S. Resultados. Se aislaron cinco bacterias con actividad pectinolítica: Pt1-A, 6-M2, Ech2A, CfspA y Cfsab. Según el análisis de patogenicidad, las cepas CfspA, Cfsab y Ech2A fueron causantes de pudrición blanda en chile. No se logró reproducir los síntomas en cebolla y papa. De acuerdo con la identificación molecular, las cepas CfspA y Cfsab se clasificaron dentro del clado de Pectobacterium carotovorum, mientras que Ech2A se clasificó como Raoultella terrigena. Conclusión. Las bacterias Raoultella terrigena y Pectobacterium carotovorum se consideraron los agentes causales de pudrición blanda del chile en las zonas de Cartago y Alajuela, respectivamente.
The RNAi as a tool to control tropical pathogens
Authors: Hernández-Soto Alejandro , Echeverría-Beirute Fabián , Guzmán-Hernández Tomás
Published: January 2021

Introduction. Sustainable farming requires new tools for the control of pathogens, since there is a constant evolution to overcome the current biological and chemical strategies. The information provided by the transcriptomics allows creating new possibilities to tackle the pathogens. It is possible to interrupt the genetic expression of a pathogen and disable it using RNA interference (RNAi). Objective. To perform an analysis of an emerging technology useful for pest control, based on RNA interference. Development. Sustainable farming is measured based through social, economic, and environmental indicators. A key indicator of agriculture is the decrease in inputs for the control of pathogens and the increase in their specificity. Pest control mechanisms based on RNA interference meet both parameters. RNAi is known to have at least two functions, first for gene expression regulation, and secondly as a defense mechanism against pathogens. Consequently, RNAi can be used to protect crops from pathogens by developing genetically modified plants, or by the external application form of an aerosol. The RNAi aerosol is a tool that relies on inactivating the pathogen genes and can complement other agronomic tools available for this purpose. It is possible to design RNAi against tropical pests based on published transcriptomes, although it is necessary to overcome limitations regarding design, degradation, and stability. Conclusion. Interference RNA methods have the potential to be useful tools to control tropical pathogens as an alternative to achieve sustainable farming.
Erwinia billingiae causes bacterial Canker of Mango (Mangifera indica) in Costa Rica
Authors: Vidaurre-Barahona Daniela , Wang-Wong Amy , Uribe-Lorío Lorena
Published: January 2021

Introduction. In Costa Rica, bacterial canker of mango has caused economic losses in most of the productive areas since the mid-1980s. The causal agents have been identified only by phenotypic methods such as Erwinia mangifera and E. herbicola. Objective. To confirm, using a molecular and phenotypic approach, the species of the Enterobacteriaceae the cause bacterial canker of mango in Costa Rica. Material and methods. Fruits, branches, and trunks with symptoms were collected in different orchards in the Alajuela province. Bacterial isolation was performed, and pathogenicity was evaluated by inoculating fruits and trunks of the Tommy Atkins variety. The positive isolates for the pathogenic test were re-inoculated, isolated, and identified in order to fulfill Koch’s postulates. The CIBCM-Mg-115 positive isolate that caused symptoms was analyzed by complete biochemical characterization and molecular identification by phylogenetic analyses of 16S rRNA and the atpD, gyrB, infB, and rpoB housekeeping genes. Results. According to the data obtained from the biochemical and molecular analysis, the CIBCM-Mg-115 strain was identified as Erwinia billingiae. Conclusion. E. billingiae corresponds to one of the causal agents of bacterial canker on mango (M. indica) trees in Costa Rica.
Eficacia de un sustituto de calostro sobre la transferencia de inmunidad pasiva en terneras
Authors: Elizondo-Salazar Jorge Alberto , Zumbado-Alpízar Luis Rodolfo
Published: January 2021

Introducción. Los sustitutos de calostro han aumentado su popularidad en Costa Rica como una alternativa al calostro de mala calidad, reservas limitadas, o para romper el ciclo de transmisión de ciertas enfermedades infecciosas. Sin embargo, es importante asegurarse de que estos productos sean efectivos y capaces de proporcionar concentraciones séricas de IgG adecuadas. Objetivo. Evaluar la eficacia de un sustituto del calostro versus el calostro materno en terneras de lechería. Materiales y métodos. El experimento se llevó a cabo durante el primer semestre del 2019 en sesenta terneras Jersey (veinte terneras por tratamiento) que fueron asignadas aleatoriamente a uno de tres tratamientos que consistieron en suplementar a las terneras con: 3 l de calostro materno (tratamiento 1), 335 g de sustituto de calostro que contenía 150 g de IgG (tratamiento 2) y 2 l de calostro materno + 110 g de suplemento de calostro que contenía 55 g de IgG (tratamiento 3). Se recogieron muestras de sangre de todas las terneras 48 h después de la administración del calostro y se analizaron las concentraciones de proteína sérica total e IgG. Resultados. Las terneras alimentadas con calostro materno y con calostro materno + suplemento de calostro tuvieron concentraciones más altas de proteína sérica total (p<0,05) y concentraciones de IgG en comparación con las terneras alimentadas con el sustituto de calostro; sin embargo, las terneras que recibieron el sustituto de calostro lograron obtener una transferencia adecuada de inmunidad pasiva (>10 g de IgG) y tuvieron una mayor eficiencia aparente de absorción. No hubo diferencias significativas (p>0,05) con respecto a los parámetros de crecimiento y el estado de salud de las terneras. Conclusiones. El reemplazador de calostro evaluado proporcionó una adecuada concentración de IgG en las terneras evaluadas y se podría utilizar como una alternativa cuando no se cuenta con calostro materno.
Perfil mineral sérico de vacas Holstein en lactación en sistemas mixtos de estabulación-pastoreo
Authors: Morales-Almaráz Ernesto , Vieyra-Alberto Rodolfo , Domínguez-Vara Ignacio Arturo , López-González Felipe , Arriaga-Jordán Carlos Manuel , Sánchez-Torres Juan Edrei
Published: January 2021

Introducción. Los minerales juegan un papel muy importante en la nutrición, porque son necesarios para la biosíntesis de nutrientes esenciales. Objetivo. Evaluar el estado mineral en suero sanguíneo, el consumo de minerales y la producción de leche de vacas Holstein en pastoreo suplementadas con distintos niveles de alimento concentrado y tiempo de permanencia en la pradera en el valle de Toluca, México. Materiales y métodos. Se realizaron dos experimentos con un diseño de cuadro Latino 3x3 cada uno en la Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, realizados en primavera-verano de 2011-2012. En el experimento uno se evaluó el nivel de concentrado en la dieta (3, 5 y 8 kg día-1) en vacas pastoreando; en el experimento dos se evaluaron tres tiempos de permanencia en la pradera (ocho horas continuas; dos tiempos de cuatro horas post-ordeño; y doce horas). En ambos experimentos se ofertó ensilado de maíz a libre consumo en el corral. En suero sanguíneo y alimentos se les midió la concentración de Ca, P, Mg, K, Na, Cu, Fe y Zn. Se realizaron análisis de correlación simple y de regresión múltiple para las variables de estudio. Resultados. El nivel de concentrado y el tiempo de permanencia en la pradera afectaron (p<0,05) el consumo de la mayoría de los minerales; no se cubrieron los requerimientos de Ca, P, Mg, K y Zn, y hubo exceso de Fe. Independientemente de la estrategia de alimentación, el contenido de minerales en suero sanguíneo de los bovinos fue adecuado para P, Na, Cu y Fe; marginal de Ca, deficiente en Mg y Zn; y hubo exceso de K. Conclusiones. El consumo de minerales no fue determinante para predecir la concentración de minerales en suero sanguíneo de vacas lecheras, sin embargo, mostró influencia sobre la producción de leche de vacas bajo dos sistemas de producción mixta pastoreo-estabulación.
Sensory dimensions of peach-palm fruit (Bactris gasipaes) and implications for future genetics
Authors: Martínez José María , Moreno-Caicedo Leidy Paola , Loaiza-Loaiza Oscar Alfonso
Published: January 2021

Introduction. Long-term genetic improvement efforts in Latin America aimed to ameliorate peach-palm fruit farmers’ technical capacities and livelihoods have proven to be ineffective. Although experts agree this is partly the result of large uncertainty regarding consumer preferences, such research remains as virtually nonexistent. Objective. To identify chemical and morphologic attributes that are attractive for final consumers of peach-palm fruit and how these attributes are related to final perceptions of fruit quality, through statistical and econometric methods. Materials and methods. By using the harvest from a large set of varieties from a peach-palm (Bactris gasipaes) germplasm bank in Southwestern Colombia, 482 evaluations were made between April to October of 2016 by local consumers who tasted the fruits and gave a report on their perception of taste/quality in a case study scheme. Combining these data with further information on fruit color, oiliness perception, and additional controls, an ordered logit regression model was set to identify the attributes that describe peach-palm fruits with the most favorable scores for their taste/quality perception. Results. Preferences on oil contents were not linear. Fruits perceived as high-oil were between 9 and 13 % more likely to be considered as having the best taste/quality, while those perceived high-starch content were correlated with a significant aversion towards the fruit, namely 43 % less likely to be among the best fruits. Conclusion. A great deal of research is yet to be done around peach-palm fruit consumer preferences and, furthermore, it should be carried on an interdisciplinary ground. Further analyses of desired fruit traits should be made at sub-national levels, identifying ranges of suitable oiliness and morphological expected attributes and how available genetic material could help to satisfy those needs.
Managing the Online Classroom (А Reflexive Observation of the Experience of Primary Teachers in Distance Learning)
Authors: Neminska Rumyana
Published: January 2021

Online classroom management is an innovation in the overall educational process. Its main characteristics - pedagogical communication, digital methodology and quality of learning in the online environment are the main semantic pillars on which this article is built. Empirical results from a teacher survey are presented. Their professional reflection outlines three research profiles: personal professional, pedagogical-methodological, competence-reflexive. In the pedagogical analysis of these profiles a number of conclusions are formed for the management of the online classroom in the process of distance learning. They are related to issues such as basic methodological skills, digital skills of teachers; quality of education, continuing qualification and others. The question is to develop a digital methodology for more successful management of the online classroom in the process of distance learning.
An Applied Model’s Capability of Suppervision for Social-Pedagigical Experts in the Field of Social Serveces and Education
Authors: Karagyozov Ivan
Published: January 2021

The effectiveness of supervision for professionals from helping professions is indisputable. In our country, the activities for children and youth with disabilities are undertaken by professionals employed in two main areas - education and social services. The last one, participates in supervision partly, for the others there is no such activity. Regarding the interventions related to children and youth with disabilities, there is professional differentiation outside of Bulgaria. A clinical aspect of supervision emerges. These circumstances raise the question of whether a general approach to supervision affects these professionals equally and in the same extent. The answer reveals the significant circumstances and points out the aspects and influence of supervision to the specialists from the fields - education and social services, who work with children and youth people with disabilities.
Kindergarten and Families Together During COVID-19
Authors: Dimitrova Vencislava
Published: January 2021

The article shares a real experience of remote interaction and cooperation with the families of children in the conditions of a pandemic. There is an emphasis on the positive effects that can be highlighted so that the tension and anxiety in the feelings, thinking and behavior of children, parents, teachers are prevented.
Neurophysiological control of sleep with special emphasis on melatonin
Authors: Penchev Georgiev Iv.
Published: January 2021

Sleep and wakefulness are two main types of human and animal behavior. On the average human beings spend about one-third of their lives asleep. The sleep-wake cycle is the most important circadian rhythms which alternates in a periodic manner lasting for about 24 hours. Sleep is determined as the natural periodic suspension of consciousness characterized by relative immobility and reduced responsiveness to external stimuli. The researchers have found and identified many special brain structures and systems controlling waking, rapid eye movement (REM) sleep and non-rapid eye (NREM) sleep and the transitions among these states.
Currently, there is an enhanced interest of researchers toward sleep and its neurophysiological mechanisms of regulation because the number of people suffering from various sleep disturbance such as insomnia, delayed sleep onset, duration and propensity of sleep, worldwide dramatically increases. In addition to the next day drowsiness, nervousness, tiredness and decreased workability, it has been suggested that sleep is important also for the maintaining of mood, memory and cognitive function of the brain and is essential for the normal functioning of the endocrine and immune systems. More recently, new studies show a sustained link between sleep disorders and different serious health problems, including obesity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardio-vascular diseases and depression.
Therefore, the purpose of this review is to summarize and analyze the available data about the neurological control of wakefulness, non-rapid-eye-movement (NREM) sleep and rapid- eye-movement (REM) sleep creating a substantial basis for better understanding different sleep disorders. Special attention is paid on the pharmacological aspects and use of some new classes of sleep promoting agents – melatonin, melatonin receptor agonists and orexin receptor antagonists.
The Cohesiveness of Veiled Women's Da’wah Communication Group
Authors: Arianto Arianto
Published: January 2021

The purpose of this study was to understand the cohesiveness of the da'wah communication of veiled women in the guidance of Islamic teachings. It closely relates the perception of cohesiveness to the sensation component of the collectivity of group members. For example, communication, collectivity, cooperation, common goals, and interdependence of group members. The research method used is descriptive qualitative, case study research type. The subject of the study were 6 female informants, representatives of Hasanuddin University students who wore a veil in their daily life. The collected data were analyzed inductively. The result that the cohesiveness of veiled women's dakwah communication includes aspects of interpersonal communication cohesiveness, commitment cohesiveness, and cohesiveness aspects of achieving common goals. This aspect of cohesiveness focuses his life on life after death. This also makes them have a strong, cooperative, and sincere character together. The cohesiveness of da'wah communication to continually learn with Islam. It veils the research implication of the cohesiveness of women on equality for preaching, da'wah is the purpose of life so it unites them in da'wah efforts.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk memahami kohesifitas komunikasi dakwah kelompok wanita bercadar dalam tuntunan ajaran Islam. Persepsi kohesifias sangat terkait dengan komponen sensasi kolektifitas anggota kelompok. Seperti, komunikasi, kolektifitas, kerjasama, tujuan bersama, dan saling ketergantungan anggota kelompok.  Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif deskriptif, tipe penelitian studi kasus (case study). Subjek penelitian wanita bercadar sebanyak 6 informan, representatif mahasiswi Universitas Hasanuddin yang mengenakan cadar dalam keseharian. Selanjutnya, data yang terkumpul dianalisis secara induktif. Hasil penelitian bahwa kohesivitas komunikasi dakwah wanita bercadar meliputi aspek kohesifitas berkomunikasi interpersonal, aspek kohesifitas berkomitmen, dan aspek kohesifitas pencapaian tujuan bersama. Aspek kohesifitas ini memfokuskan kehidupannya untuk kehidupan sesudah mati. Hal ini juga menjadikan mereka memiliki karakter bersama yang kuat, bekerjsama, dan ikhlas. Kohesifitas komunikasi dakwah dalam upaya keinginan belajar bersama Islam secara terus menerus. Impilikasi penelitian kohesifitas wanita bercadar pada kesamaaan untuk berdakwah, dakwah adalah tujuan hidup sehingga mereka disatukan dalam usaha dakwah.
Halal Logistics Practices: Logistics Service Provider Cases in Indonesia
Authors: Saidah Faridatus , Lestari Yuliani Dwi
Published: January 2021

This study examines critical factors in affecting halal business management, particularly challenges in Halal logistics implementation faced by the logistics service provider as well as its potential and opportunities for Halal based business in Indonesia. An In-depth, semi-structured interview is conducted to deepen the understanding and to provide detailed data of the study. The study found that there are several factors influencing halal logistics implementation. In terms of business strategy, there are external and internal factors that affect halal logistics practices. Such as market-driven, perception benefit of halal logistic certification followed by customer loyalty, challenges in implementing halal logistics, the complexity of operation halal logistics, and invariably regulation factors. All of those factors have become a prior factor in implementing halal logistics practices. The findings can provide a guideline in how to implement halal logistics practices in logistic service provider business, especially in transportation and warehousing process, along with the expected result for its business performance.
The arts in science? Using poetry to teach Chemistry in Grade 9
Authors: Mirkin Philip Joshua , Evans Rinelle , Ferreira Johan
Published: January 2021

Modern science education the world over deliberately remains in the objective, rational, positivist paradigm. In South African classrooms, this paradigm is often alienating for young learners who then stop learning science at the end of Grade 9. Literature indicates that an arts-rich education improves learner engagement, attitudes and test scores, as evidenced by science Nobel laureates who engage more with the arts than other scientists. The research reported in this study involved the presentation of a lesson on acids and bases to 222 Grade 9 learners in 4 schools in the greater Tshwane region to establish whether their interest levels in the subject would improve when using a poem and video that characterise, describe and demonstrate scientific concepts. An in-class intervention of 40 minutes was used with identical Likert-scale, pre and post-tests analysed using the Wilcoxon and t-test. The results showed that the arts-rich lesson engaged learners in a manner which holistically improved their interest levels. The results were independent of gender, home language and the type of large, urban, government school that they attended. The results were not significant for the small, semi-rural, private school research site.
Editorial
Authors: Arxiu Revista
Published: January 2021

Teniu a les vostres mans el número anual miscel·lani de la revista Arxiu d’Etnografia de Catalunya que té com a objectiu ser un referent acadèmic en la disseminació de la recerca en Antropologia Social i, més en clau universitària, projectar la recerca que duem a terme des del Departament d’Antropologia, Filosofia i Treball Social de la Universitat Rovira i Virgili.
Mujeres itinerantes: viajes por el territorio y prostitución en la provincia de Buenos Aires
Authors: Bacchiega Julia
Published: January 2021

Este trabajo analiza las prácticas y los sentidos de la circulación territorial de las mujeres itinerantes que ejercieron la prostitución en la provincia de Buenos Aires en las primeras décadas del siglo xx. A partir del seguimiento de trayectorias múltiples que convergen en los burdeles y de la reconstrucción de sus circuitos, este texto argumenta que la movilidad formaba parte de las estrategias de supervivencia de las mujeres, a la vez que resultaba fundamental para el funcionamiento del mercado de trabajo sexual regulado en la provincia.
Les tres Maries de Jordi Pere Cerdà. Emigració i refugis pirinencs en el folklore i l’art contemporani
Authors: Marqués Meseguer Josep
Published: January 2021

A Contalles de Cerdanya (1961), el poeta, dramaturg, narrador i folklorista nord-català Jordi Pere Cerdà (Sallagosa, 1920 – Perpinyà, 2011) recull la rondalla Les tres Maries, que explica les penúries que hagueren de travessar tres dones que fugien del seu país d’origen. La seua arribada als poblats pirinencs fou igualment dura pel fet de ser estrangeres, un tret que entronca amb la duresa que patí la població que s’exilià creuant la frontera francoespanyola tant a la Retirada (1939) com amb l’ocupació alemanya de França a la Segona Guerra Mundial. Cayrol, compromès amb la Resistència francesa, recrea una contalla que permet establir paral·lelismes entre la història viscuda per l’autor i el relat tradicional i literari. Així, aquest estudi s’interessa per mostrar i interpretar el conte de Les tres Maries dins aquest context històric, cultural i geogràfic. A més, també s’analitzarà la relació entre el relat popular i la documentació existent sobre els llocs de culte religiós al Pirineu. Finalment, es compararan altres texts de Cerdà i obres escultòriques d’Arístides Maillol amb la contalla de Les tres Maries per tal de reflexionar sobre el concepte de refugi i sobre l’interès d’establir relacions més obertes entre les societats i entre aquestes i la natura.
Cartes de Palmira Jaquetti a Rafael Patxot i Jubert (1938–1939)
Authors: Massot i Muntaner Josep
Published: January 2021

Aquest treball es basa en nou cartes, inèdites i desconegudes fins ara, procedents d’un arxiu privat, adreçades per la professora, poeta i folklorista Palmira Jaquetti (Barcelona, 1895 – els Monjos, 1963) al gran mecenes català Rafael Patxot i Jubert (Sant Feliu de Guíxols, 1872 – Ginebra, 1964). Escrites el 1938 i el 1939, durant els anys finals de la guerra civil espanyola, ens permeten de conèixer tot un seguit de detalls nous sobre la malaltia crònica que va patir Jaquetti des del 1934 i sobre les seves vicissituds biogràfiques. Abandonada pel seu marit el 1937, va poder sortir de l’hospital el 1938 i de seguida es va reincorporar a l’Institut Pi i Margall de Barcelona, on ensenyava francès. Gran col·laboradora de l’Obra del Cançoner Popular de Catalunya, patrocinada per Patxot, va aconseguir un permís per traslladar-se durant una temporada d’estiu a Prats de Molló, a la Catalunya del Nord. Va poder dur-ho a terme, però el seu estat de salut l’obligà a dedicar- se només al descans. En acabar la guerra, fou sotmesa a un expedient de depuració, resolt el 1941 d’una manera relativament benigna. Malgrat la repressió franquista, va continuar encara les seves recerques folklòriques —que l’havien duta a recollir deu mil cançons populars catalanes—, tant a la vall d’Aran com en sis asils de Barcelona.
Cryptosystem using double vertex graph
Authors:   Sri Siva Subramaniya Nadar, Kalavakkam, 603 110, Tamilnadu, India. Tel.: 91 9841797926, Beaula C
Published: January 2021

Background/Objective: The Coronavirus Covid-19 has affected almost all the countries and millions of people got infected and more deaths have been reported everywhere. The uncertainty and fear created by the pandemic can be used by hackers to steal the data from both private and public systems. Hence, there is an urgent need to improve the security of the systems. This can be done only by building a strong cryptosystem. So many researchers started embedding different topics of mathematics like algebra, number theory, and so on in cryptography to keep the system, safe and secure. In this study, a cryptosystem using graph theory has been attempted, to strengthen the security of the system. Method: A new graph is constructed from the given graph, known as a double vertex graph. The edge labeling of this double vertex graph is used in encryption and decryption. Findings: A new cryptosystem using the amalgamation of the path, its double vertex graph and edge labeling has been proposed. From the double vertex graph of a path, we have given a method to find the original path. To hack such an encrypted key, the knowledge of graph theory is important, which makes the system stronger. Applications:The one-word encryption method will be useful in every security system that needs a password for secure communication or storage or authentication. Keywords: Double vertex graphs; path; adjacency matrix; encryption; cryptography
A clinical study to determine the effects of adenoidectomy in cases of secretory otitis media in school going children
Authors:   Associate Professor, Department of ENT, GSL Medical College, Rajahmundry, Andhra Pradesh, India, Santosh Dr. B Krishna , Sumanth Dr. K Krishna ,   Assistant Professor, Department of ENT, GSL Medical College, Rajahmundry, Andhra Pradesh, India, Veeranjaneyulu Dr. Panda ,   Professor and Head, Department of ENT, GSL Medical College, Rajahmundry, Andhra Pradesh, India, Deepthi Dr. B ,   Junior Resident, Department of ENT, GSL Medical College, Rajahmundry, Andhra Pradesh, India, Mamatha Dr. K ,   Junior Resident, Department of ENT, GSL Medical College, Rajahmundry, Andhra Pradesh, India
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Secretory Otitis media (SOM) is the leading cause of hearing loss in children. Despitenumerous studies on the prevention and treatment of SOM during the past decades, itsmanagement remains challenging and controversial. A study was conducted to find the effect ofadenoidectomy in cases of SOM with hypertrophied adenoids and to determine the effect ofadenoidectomy on hearing as assessed by the pure tone and impedance audiometry. Material andMethods: Children aged 5 – 12 years, diagnosed as SOM with adenoid hypertrophy were included.The study was conducted from April 2019 to May 2020, in the department of ENT, GSL MedicalCollege. A detailed history and clinical examination were done. Investigations such as pure toneaudiogram, impedance audiometry, X-ray nasopharynx, and diagnostic nasal endoscopy were carriedout to confirm the diagnosis. Results: Out of the 50 participants, a maximum (60%) belonged tothe 5 – 7 years age group, the male-female ratio was 1.2. Hard of hearing was a common symptomin 66%, tonsillitis, and sinusitis in 36% and 18% respectively. On pure tone audiometry, the averagehearing loss was 24.95dB. Conclusion: Adenoidectomy in children having hypertrophied adenoidswith SOM, not only relieves Eustachian tube obstruction but also removes the source of infection.This leads to clearance of middle ear effusion and improvement in hearing postoperatively.
Analysis of visual outcome of Neodymium: Yttrium-Aluminum -Garnet (Nd: YAG) laser capsulotomy in patients with Posterior Capsule Opacification
Authors:   Junior Resident, Department of Ophthalmology, Saveetha Medical College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, R. Dr. Deepa , Veeramani Dr. V. Panimalar A. ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Ophthalmology, Saveetha Medical College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Published: January 2021

Objective: Posterior capsular opacification (PCO) is a postoperative complication causing decreasedvisual acuity. This study aims to study the efficacy of Nd: YAG laser capsulotomy in posteriorcapsular opacification following cataract surgery by analyzing the visual outcome. Material andMethods: A prospective study included a sample size of 50 eyes of 37 patients with Posteriorcapsular opacification following uneventful cataract surgery with significantly decreased visual acuity.Detailed anterior and posterior segment examination was done, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA)was recorded along with measurement of IOP. Posterior capsulotomy was performed using Nd: YAGlaser (Neodymium: Yttrium-aluminum–garnet) and patients were followed up. Visual acuity wasassessed and complications if any were recorded. Results: It was noted that 74% of the patients atthe end of 1st week and 78% of the patients at the end of 1st and 3rd month had significant visualimprovement following Nd: YAG laser capsulotomy. There was a statistically significant difference inPost Nd: YAG laser BCVA on follow up with P-value <0.001. Complications encountered were the risein IOP in 6% of the population at the end of 1 hour and 1st day of the procedure, iris bleeding wasnoted in 4% of the population, intraocular lens damage in 2 %, and cystoid macular edema in 2 %of the study population.
Contemporary research on and scientifically based psychotherapeutic methods of treating PTSD in adults
Authors: Kazennaya E.V.
Published: January 2021

The article offers a systematic review of foreign investigations into posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) for the past twenty years as well as the findings of the research into the drug-free treatment of PTSD in the light of an extensive systematic review of the scientific literature of the World Health Organization (WHO). The article presents the results of the investigations into the risk factors, the prognoses, the statistical data on the prevalence of PTSD, and the diagnostic criteria of PTSD according to ICD-11 and DSM-V, including the relevant and the most recent investigations into the PTSD and Complex PTSD (ICD-11). As a result of the review, two scientifically proven effective methods of the drug-free treatment of PTSD have been revealed: Trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy (TF-CBT), EMDR (eye movement desensitization and reprocessing) as well as cognitive or behavioural stress management techniques that do not focus on trauma.
A bibliometric analysis of the Machiavellianism in domestic and foreign psychology
Authors: Filippou O.Y.
Published: January 2021

This study conducted bibliometric analysis of 214 national and 1847 foreign research papers in the Machiavellianism field, presenting the research status, evolution process and main research themes in a visual form to clarify the overall knowledge structure of Machiavellianism research. The results of the study showed that between 2013 and 2019 there was a significant increase of interest among scholars the world around in issues related to the concept of Machiavellianism. The number of published research papers over the recent six years are roughly equal in the number of papers released between 1970 and 2012. Also, the dark triad, behavior and traits covered the largest number of keywords. In recent years, some new trends have emerged in Machiavellianism research. The interest of the world scientific community has mainly focused on the “dark” side of Machiavellianism. The dark dozen, sadism, moral disunity, cyberbullying, and depression reflect the current hot themes associated with Machiavellianism research. It has also become obvious that despite significant efforts to develop the study of Machiavellianism, the current research is not sufficient. In general, the results of the study contribute to understanding of the relationship between the concept of Machiavellianism and other concepts of psychology, expand knowledge about the evolution process of the Machiavellianism field and possible directions for future trends.
Toward Physics-Based Nonergodic PSHA: A Prototype Fully Deterministic Seismic Hazard Model for Southern California
Authors: Milner Kevin R. , Shaw Bruce E. , Goulet Christine A. , Richards-Dinger Keith B. , Callaghan Scott , Jordan Thomas H. , Dieterich James H. , Field Edward H.
Published: January 2021

We present a nonergodic framework for probabilistic seismic-hazard analysis (PSHA) that is constructed entirely of deterministic, physical models. The use of deterministic ground-motion simulations in PSHA calculations is not new (e.g., CyberShake), but prior studies relied on kinematic rupture generators to extend empirical earthquake rupture forecasts. Fully dynamic models, which simulate rupture nucleation and propagation of static and dynamic stresses, are still computationally intractable for the large simulation domains and many seismic cycles required to perform PSHA. Instead, we employ the Rate-State earthquake simulator (RSQSim) to efficiently simulate hundreds of thousands of years of M≥6.5 earthquake sequences on the California fault system. RSQSim produces full slip-time histories for each rupture, which, unlike kinematic models, emerge from frictional properties, fault geometry, and stress transfer; all intrinsic variability is deterministic. We use these slip-time histories directly as input to a 3D wave-propagation code within the CyberShake platform to obtain simulated Fmax=0.5  Hz ground motions. The resulting 3 s spectral acceleration ground motions closely match empirical ground-motion model (GMM) estimates of median and variability of shaking. When computed over a range of sources and sites, the variability is similar to that of ergodic GMMs. Variability is reduced for individual pairs of sources and sites that repeatedly sample a single path, which is expected for a nonergodic model. This results in increased exceedance probabilities for certain characteristic ground motions for a source–site pair, while decreasing probabilities at the extreme tails of the ergodic GMM predictions. We present these comparisons and preliminary fully deterministic physics-based RSQSim–CyberShake hazard curves, as well as a new technique for estimating within- and between-event variability through simulation.
Records of Extreme Ground Accelerations during the 2011 Christchurch Earthquake Sequence Contaminated by a Nonlinear, Soil–Structure Interaction
Authors: Goto Hiroyuki , Kaneko Yoshihiro , Naguit Muriel , Young John
Published: January 2021

Ground-motion records are critical for seismic hazard assessment and seismic design of buildings and infrastructures. Large (>1g), asymmetric vertical accelerations (AsVAs) have been observed at strong-motion stations during recent earthquakes. However, it is not clear whether all of the observed AsVAs reflect actual ground shaking or the interaction of a building structure and underlying ground. Here, we investigate the cause of large AsVAs recorded at several seismic stations in Christchurch, New Zealand, during the 2011 Mw 6.2 Christchurch earthquake. We first define three metrics and quantify the degree of waveform asymmetry in all available records from nearby M>3 earthquakes. Histograms of the metrics show greater waveform asymmetry for larger accelerations at these stations, which is consistent with the prediction of a nonlinear, soil–structure interaction associated with the elastic collisions of a foundation slab onto the underlying soil. We then use finite-element models to examine the occurrence of the nonlinear, soil–structure interaction at these stations during the Mw 6.2 mainshock and Mw 5.6 aftershock of the 2011 Christchurch earthquake. The parameters of the numerical models are constrained by site investigation of selected stations. We find that numerical simulations closely reproduce the large AsVAs recorded at stations HVSC and PRPC, suggesting that these ground-motion records were contaminated by the nonlinear, soil–structure interaction. Seismic sensors located near the corner of a concrete slab are shown to be more prone to this phenomenon. Our results further suggest that artificial recording of large AsVAs due to the nonlinear, soil–structure interaction can be mitigated if a seismic sensor is placed closer to the center of a foundation slab. The analytical procedure presented in this study may be useful in identifying the occurrence of AsVAs elsewhere and in assessing whether AsVAs are caused by the nonlinear, soil–structure interaction.