bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Território e territorialidades: dimensões constitutivas da relação homem e meio ambiente (Territory and territorialities: constitutive dimensions of the relationship between the man and the environment)
Authors: Morais Hugo Arruda
Published: September 2018

Este artigo possui como objetivo central apresentar algumas questões teóricas referentes ao debate em torno do território e das territorialidades como dimensões constitutivas do homem com o meio ambiente. Como o território e as territorialidades são fruto da inter-relação e da interação entre atores sociais e o meio ambiente físico e social, as ideias apresentadas buscam colocar em destaque o papel desses dois conceitos como componentes para a compreensão de como a sociedade se organiza, como também, abrirá espaço para o debate em torno do papel dos sujeitos no controle de suas próprias ações referentes ao seu espaço de vida.  A B S T R A C T This article aims at presenting some theoretical questions concerning the debate around the territory and the territorialities as constitutive dimensions of the relationships between man and environment. As the territory and territorialities are the result of the interrelationships and interactions between social actors and the physical and social environment, the idea presented here is to highlight these two concepts as components for understanding how society is organized, but also will open space for the debate around the role of the subjects in the control of their own actions in their space. With regard to the methodology, we used hermeneutics procedure, especially because it is an important instrument for interpreting the content of the texts. The main result of this article is to present a theoretical perspective, from the Italian Geography, about the territory as a product of the social relationships established between the people in the process of appropriation of the environment. This allows us to understand the territorialities as a set of social practices for understanding the production and territorial disputes, allowing future studies concerning the territory and the territorialities. Keywords: active territoriality, territorial autonomy, environmental knowledge, italian geography.
Caracterização Hidrogeomorfológica da Bacia do Riacho Riachão Natal, Piauí Brasil (Hydrogeomorphological Characterization of the Riacho Riachão do Natal River Basin, Piauí, Brazil)
Authors: Santos Leilson Alves dos , Sousa Taís Mayara , Lima Iracilde Maria de Moura Fé
Published: September 2018

O Riacho Riachão do Natal é um dos grandes afluentes da margem esquerda do baixo do rio Poti. Sua bacia hidrográfica apresenta uma área de aproximadamente 448,7km², compreendendo parte dos municípios piauienses de Miguel Leão, Olho D’Água, Monsenhor Gil e Lagoa do Piauí. O objetivo geral desta pesquisa consistiu em caracterizar a dinâmica fluvial da bacia hidrográfica do Riacho Riachão do Natal, através de analise morfométrica. Foram analisados 13 (treze) parâmetros buscando ampliar os conhecimentos sobre a dinâmica do ambiente fluvial dessa bacia, utilizando pesquisas de referências bibliográficas, mapeamentos temáticos nas escalas de 1:1. 000.000; 1:250.000; 1:100.000 e 1:20.000, trabalhados em ferramentas de Sistemas de Informação Geográfica (SIG), como os softwares ArcGis, SPRING e Global Mapper. Também foram realizados trabalhos de campo, com registros fotográficos e uso de GPS. Na quarta etapa que correspondeu a última, procedeu a análise e finalização da pesquisa. Os resultados indicam que esse sistema hidrográfico apresenta baixas densidades de drenagem e hidrográfica, ou seja, pouca eficiência em formar novos canais fluviais e pequena probabilidade de ocorrência de enchentes, porém apresentam elevados os riscos de ocorrências de processos erosivos. Assim, constatou-se que compreender a dinâmica hidrográfica dessa bacia torna-se de grande importância para os municípios locais, contribuindo também para subsidiar o planejamento do uso e ocupação da terra.  A B S T R A C TThe Riacho Riachão do Natal River (RRNR) is one of the greatest tributaries of the Poti River. It is in the left bank of the lower Poti, forming a basin of approximately 448.7 km², encompassing part of Miguel Leão, Olho D'Água, Monsenhor Gil, and Lagoa do Piauí, in state of Piauí, Brazil. The objective of this study was to characterize the RRNR Basin through morphometric analysis. Thirteen parameters were analyzed to improve the information on fluvial environment of this basin, using bibliographical references and thematic maps with scales of 1:1,000,000; 1:250,000; 1:100,000 and 1:20,000, processed on Geographic Information Systems (GIS) tools—ArcGIS, SPRING, and Global Mapper. Field observations were also carried out, making photographic records, and marking points with a GPS. This hydrographic system presents low drainage and hydrographic densities, i.e., low efficiency in forming new fluvial channels, and small probability of floods, but high risks of erosive processes. Thus, understanding the hydrographic pattern of this basin is essential for the local governments, contributing to planning land use and occupation.Keywords: Relief, Drainage, Morphometric Analysis, Hydrographic System.
Ion implanter and Activation Annealing for SiC devices
Authors: Yamazaki Yoshifumi , Simon Thomas , Yuze Takumi , Suzuki Hideo , Furukawa Yukihiro , Yokoo Hidekazu
Published: September 2018

Ion implanter process for SiC devices needs much longer time compared with Si process. Therefore implantation process optimization is important to reduce cost. In this paper, implantation temperature that affects process time is discussed. And activation conditions after implantation is also discussed.
Improved Architectural Redesign of MTree Clusterer in the Context of Image Segmentation
Authors: Ciurez Marius Andrei , Mihaescu Marian Cristian
Published: September 2018

Image segmentation by clustering represents a classical use-case of unsupervised learning. A key aspect of this problem is that instances that are being clusters may have various types and thus requesting specific algorithms that implement particular distance functions and quality metrics. This paper presents an improved version of MTree clusterer that has been tested in the context of image segmentation in the same setup as a new recently k-MS algorithm. The redesigned MTree algorithms allows many levers for setup so that many configurations are available depending on the particularities of the tackeled problem. The experimental results are promising especially as compared with the ones from previous MTree version and also as compared with classical clustering algorithms or newly developed k-MS algorithm. Further improvements in terms of available algorithms for configuration and algorithmic efficiency of integrations may lead the way to a general purpose clusterer that may be used for processing various data types.
Economic Assessment of Dual Purpose Type of Cattle Farming in Minahasa Regency – Indonesia
Authors: WANTASEN Erwin , PAPUTUNGAN Umar
Published: September 2018

The aim of this study was to analyze dual purpose type of cattle farm households’ economy in Langowan District Minahasa Regency, Indonesia. Data relies on sample survey of 100 farm households in Tumarats Village during 2017. Descriptive and quantitative analysis using a probit model was employed. Result of this study showed that Family labor absorbed by cattle farms on the first, second and third scales were 44.34, 27.46 and 16.82 man days/AU/year respectively. The contribution of cattle income on the first, second and third scales were 52.84%, 66.31% and 70.19% respectively. Value added of cattle, selling price, family labor, cattle labor and cultivated land area had significantly positive effect on households’ decision to increase cattle scale of business.
Una visión general rápida sobre la ampliación inicial de las filtraciones
Authors: Peralta Hernández Liliana
Published: September 2018

En este trabajo presentamos, a trav´es de un ejemplo particular, una breve introducci´on al tema de engrosamiento de filtraciones, en particular, el caso inicial, es decir, cuando expandimos una filtraci´on con una sigma-algebra
El juego del embaldosado libre y una aplicaci´on a HAWC
Authors: Rodríguez TorresVillafuerte Segura Erika Elizabeth , Tetlalmatzi Montiel Margarita , Villarroel Flores Rafael
Published: September 2018

El juego del embaldosado libre consiste en lanzar una moneda a un piso con un embaldosado regular y calcular la probabilidaddel n´umero de baldosas que toca la moneda al caer. Este problema se puede resolver con geometr´ıa b´asica, resultando un buen problemaintroductorio a la probabilidad. En este trabajo se plantea y desarrolla el juego del embaldosado libre. Como una aplicaci´on,se simplifica el problema de detectar las huellas de rayos gamma y c´osmicos de altas energ´ıas por el observatorio nacional HAWC(High Altitude Water Cherenkov) y se adapta a este juego.
RESPUESTA DE HÍBRIDOS TRILINEALES Y PROBADORES DE MAÍZ EN VALLES ALTOS DEL CENTRO DE MÉXICO
Authors: Torres Flores José Luis , Morales Rosales Edgar Jesús , González Huerta Andrés , Laguna Cerda Antonio , Córdova Orellana Hugo
Published: September 2018

La identificación de híbridos de tres líneas sobresalientes formados con germoplasma, proveniente de diferentes instituciones de investigación, podría contribuir a incrementar la heterosis en rendimiento de grano y la estabilidad de los maíces que se siembran en los Valles Altos del centro de México. El presente trabajo se realizó en 2009 en diez ambientes de esta región, con el objetivo de identificar material genético sobresaliente. En un diseño experimental alpha látice 8∗5 con dos repeticiones por ambiente, fueron evaluados 40 genotipos de maíz: 32 híbridos trilineales blanco precoz, cuatro cruzas simples (probadores) y cuatro testigos del CIMMYT. Los resultados más sobresalientes indicaron lo siguiente: a) los ambientes donde se registró una producción de mazorca mayor a 9.5 t ha-1 fueron Tlahuelilpan, Batán (+) y Batán (AC), pero Tlaxcoapan fue el ambiente con rendimiento y estabilidad promedio, b) quince genotipos tuvieron rendimientos de mazorca estadísticamente iguales entre 8.2 y 9.4 t ha-1, pero los de mayor producción fueron los identificados con los códigos 21, 28, 27, 29 y 20 (CMS989001//México gpo. 10; CMS 989003//Tuxpeño Crema 1; CMS 989003//SB1; CMS 989003//México gpo. 10; CMS 989001//Tuxpeño Crema 1), con promedios aritméticos muy aceptables en ambientes favorables y en condiciones de baja fertilidad y sequía pero inestables, debido que de éstos sólo el genotipo 27 fue el más estable a través de los diez ambientes contrastantes. Los mejores probadores fueron los identificados con los códigos 35 y 36 [CMS 989001 (P3) y CMS 989003 (P4)], ambos con 9.3 t ha-1. El mejor testigo fue el hibrido trilineal identificado con la clave 39 y con el origen CMT 089005, con 8.5 t ha-1. El mejor testigo y los mejores probadores tuvieron rendimientos de mazorca estadísticamente iguales que los 15 híbridos más sobresalientes. El subconjunto de genotipos integrado por los cinco híbridos trilineales y por los dos probadores, con las mayores producciones de mazorca, constituyen el material genético más sobresaliente, para emplearse en un nuevo programa de mejoramiento genético, y generar tecnología de producción o para recomendación en siembra comercial en esta región de México.
VARIACIÓN ISOENZIMÁTICA EN MAÍCES NATIVOS DE LA REGIÓN LLANOS DE SERDÁN, PUEBLA
Authors: Santa Rosa René Hortelano , Santacruz Varela Amalio , Gil Muñoz Abel , López Sánchez Higinio , Antonio López Pedro , Miranda Colín Salvador
Published: September 2018

Con la finalidad de explorar la variación isoenzimática, el grado de diferenciación genética y las relaciones filogenéticas de poblaciones nativas de maíz (Zea mays L. ssp. mays) de la región Llanos de Serdán del estado de Puebla, se estudiaron 51 colectas provenientes de 10 municipios del Distrito de Desarrollo Rural de Libres y seis testigos representantes de las razas Cónico, Cónico Norteño, Palomero Toluqueño y Chalqueño. Se examinaron diez sistemas enzimáticos que codifican para 18 loci de enzimas, donde se detectaron 52 alelos. Con base en las frecuencias alélicas se estimaron parámetros de diversidad genética, encontrándose que el conjunto de poblaciones nativas presentó 98% del total de alelos, con nueve exclusivos, con promedio de 2.83 alelos por locus, 88.9% de loci polimórficos y una heterocigosidad esperada de 0.27. Se encontró moderada diferenciación genética (0.085), indicando que sólo 8.5% de la variación se presentó entre grupos y 91.5% dentro de los grupos. Las poblaciones nativas presentaron mayor similitud genética con la raza Chalqueño, aunque están divergiendo de la misma, posiblemente por efectos de la selección practicada por los agricultores de la zona.
PINTO BRAVO: NUEVA VARIEDAD DE FRIJOL PARA EL ALTIPLANO SEMIÁRIDO DE MÉXICO
Authors: Rosales Serna Rigoberto , Acosta Gallegos Jorge Alberto , Ibarra Pérez Francisco Javier , Cuéllar Robles Evenor Idilio
Published: September 2018

En el Altiplano Semiárido de México el frijol pinto, es una de las principales clases comerciales producidas en condiciones de temporal. Se requieren variedades con grano tolerantes al oscurecimiento de la testa, maduración precoz y semillas de mayor tamaño en relación con Pinto Saltillo, la cual es la variedad más popular en la región. El objetivo fue desarrollar una variedad de frijol superior a Pinto Saltillo en precocidad, tamaño de grano y calidad comercial. El personal del Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, generó en Durango la variedad Pinto Bravo, con el método genealógico, a partir de la cruza entre Pinto Mestizo y Pinto Saltillo [(Pinto Mestizo/Pinto Saltillo)-7-4]. Esta variedad registró rendimiento promedio de 1 178 kg ha-1 y f luctuación entre 329 kg ha-1 y 3 045 kg ha-1. En promedio Pinto Bravo, comparado con Pinto Saltillo, resultó más precoz a madurez (88 vs 93 días) y tuvo mayor peso de 100 semillas (36 g vs 31 g). El hábito de crecimiento de Pinto Bravo es de enredadera indeterminada, con guías cortas no trepadoras, altura promedio del dosel de 27 cm y guía de 75 cm. Pinto Bravo tiene un peso promedio de 36 g/100 semillas y variaciones entre 25 y 46 g por cada 100 semillas. La forma del grano es transversalmente elíptica y elíptica- romboidal en la vista externa. La testa es color crema, con pintas café claro e hilio amarillo. Pinto Bravo posee tolerancia a antracnosis y roya; así como valores medios y altos de susceptibilidad a tizón común y pudriciones de raíz. Ésta variedad está en proceso de validación en terrenos de productores y se reproducirá semilla para establecer su adaptabilidad y potencial para incrementar la calidad comercial del frijol producido en el Altiplano Semiárido de México.
Tariq Riaz. An Enquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Poverty
of Nations: With Special Reference to Pakistan . England: Research
Publication. 2017. 392 pages. U.K. £ 7.70 (Paperback).
Authors: . Durre Nayab
Published: September 2018

Looking into the institutional functioning and economic
management of the country, the book investigates the causes of
Pakistan’s poverty and also suggests ways to achieve sustainable
prosperity. Following the prologue, the book is organised in five parts.
The first part traces the human evolution and the quest for economic and
social progress, and the relation between individuals, state, and
economic development through history. Part two talks about some basic
concepts linked to economic development and human welfare. These
include: gross national product and productive capabilities; stages of
transformation of an economy; and what history tells us about how the
poor became rich. Part three presents the author’s views on the
Washington Consensus policies and how it led to the domination of the
neoliberal economics, and its role in creating a poverty trap. A
comparison of four Asian countries and their pathways to economic
development, or lack of it, is presented in part four of the book.
Looking at the economic development history of South Korea, China and
India, Riaz explains how and why Pakistan lags behind all these
countries. The last part of the book focuses on normative economics, and
recommends policies, which if implemented, can help build Pakistan’s
economy and transform it into an efficient and vibrant welfare state.
This book can be of interest specifically to policy-makers and
academicians, but it can be a good read for anyone interested in
understanding persistent poverty in Pakistan and measures needed to get
out of it.
Kadın Sığınağı Modellerinin Kadınların Ruh Sağlığına Etkisi Üzerine Nitel Bir İnceleme
Authors: SOYDİNÇ Leyla , POLAT Aslıhan
Published: September 2018

Amaç: Dünyada ve Türkiye’de ataerkil sistemin bir parçası olan toplumsal cinsiyet rolleri arasındaki eşitsiz güç ilişkilerinin hem bir yeniden üretme aracı hem de bir sonucu olarak kadına yönelik şiddetin kamusal ve özel alanda çeşitli türlerinin halen yoğun bir biçimde yaşandığı bilinmektedir. Sığınak modellerinin yarattığı değişkenlerin (fiziksel koşullar, kurallar, işleyiş, personelin yaklaşımı, destek hizmetleri vb.) kadınların güçlenme ve iyileşme süreçlerine paralel olarak ruh sağlıklarına etkileri olduğu düşünülmektedir. Bu araştırmayla, kadın sığınağı modellerinin şiddete maruz bırakılan kadınların psikososyal güçlenme süreçlerine olan etkisinin gösterilmesi ve sığınak modellerinin bu bağlamda düzenlenmesi için öneriler sunulması amaçlanmıştır.Yöntem: Araştırma İstanbul’un çeşitli ilçelerinde daha önce şiddete maruz bırakıldığı için sığınaklara başvurmuş ve orada en az 3 aylık süre ile kalmış ve en az 6 ay önce sığınaktan ayrılmış olan 8 kadınla, 15 Mart - 15 Mayıs 2018 tarihleri arasında yürütülmüş nitel bir çalışmadır. Araştırmaya katılan 8 kadına ek olarak 2 kadınla daha olmak üzere toplamda 10 tane kadınla yapılan nicel çalışmanın verileri ise destekleyici olarak kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Derinlemesine görüşmelerin deşifre edilmiş metinlerinden yola çıkarak gerçekleştirilen betimsel analizde öne çıkan temalar üzerinden; güçlenmeye dair deneyimler, psikososyal destek, baskı ve denetim, olumuz duygular, retravmatizasyon olarak 5 ana kategori ve çeşitli alt kategoriler belirlenmiştir. Ek olarak yürütülen nicel çalışmada da nitel analizde belirlenen kategorilere paralel veriler elde edilmiştir.Sonuç: Sığınak modellerinin yarattığı değişkenlerin kadınların güçlenme ve iyileşme süreçlerine paralel olarak ruh sağlıklarına olumlu (güçlenme, özgüven ve bağımsızlık, kontrol duygusunun yeniden kazanımı vb.) ve olumsuz (baskı ve denetlenme hissi, korku ve endişe, retravmatizasyon vb.) etkileri olduğu görülmüştür. Özellikle feminist yaklaşımın, ortaya konan olumlu etkilerle ilişkili olduğu saptanmıştır.
“Yarının Kadınları" Suriyeli Kadınlarla Özgün Bir Kendine Yardım Grup Çalışması
Authors: ÇELEBİ Özge , POLAT Aslıhan
Published: September 2018

Amaç: 2011 yılında başlayan Suriye iç
savaşı nedeniyle milyonlarca insan Türkiye’ye göç etmek zorunda kalmıştır.
Savaş ve göç, göçmenler için birçok psikosoyal ihtiyacı beraberinde
getirmiştir. Suriyeli göçmen kadınlar, psikososyal destek sağlayan bir sivil
toplum örgütünün desteğiyle kendine yardım grubunu, Yarının Kadınları
Komitesi’ni kurmuştur. Bu araştırmada Yarının Kadınları Komitesi toplantılarına
katılanların grup müdehalesinden önceki ve sonraki depresyon düzeyleri ve
toplumsal cinsiyet rolleri farkındalığı karşılaştırılacaktır. Kültüre ve
toplumsal cinsiyete duyarlı olan bu özgün uygulamanın travmaya maruz kalmış
kişilere, kadın ve göçmen gruplarına hazırlanacak toplum temelli psikososyal
destek müdahaleleri için bir model oluşturması hedeflenmektedir.Yöntem: Araştırmada nitel ve nicel verilerin
birlikte incelendiği eş zamanlı üçgenleme tasarımıyla karma araştırma yöntemi
kullanılmıştır. Yarının Kadınları Komitesi toplantılarına katılan kadınlara anketler
uygulanarak yüz yüze görüşmeler yapılmıştır. 
Nitel verilere betimsel analiz yapılmış, nicel veriler ise SPSS paket
programında çözümlenmiştir.Bulgular: Araştırmaya katılan 30 Suriyeli
kadının yaş ortalaması 40,1’dir. Beck Depresyon Envanteri’ne göre kadınların,
gruba katılmadan önce %73’ünün, gruba katıldıktan sonra ise %13,3’ünün orta ve
ağır düzeyde depresyon düzeylerine sahip olduğu görülmüştür. Katılımcıların toplumsal
cinsiyet rolleri farkındalığı puanlarında gruba dahil olduktan sonra anlamlı
bir farkın olduğu bulgulanmıştır (p<0,05). Kadınlarla yapılan
görüşmelerde ise komite toplantılarının yarattığı etkiler hakkında “değişim” ve
“güçlenme” gibi olumlu temalar ortaya çıkmıştır.Sonuç: Yarının Kadınları Komitesi
toplantılarına katılan kadınların ruhsal iyilik hallerinde ve cinsiyet rolleri
farkındalığında olumlu değişiklikler olmuştur. Bu psikososyal destek müdahalesi
başka kadın ve mülteci grupları için bir model oluşturabilir.
Branding Perguruan Tinggi Swasta (Studi Kasus Strategi Marketing Public Relation Universitas Kristen Indonesia Maluku).
Authors: Latuheru Rido Dominggus
Published: September 2018

Marketing dan branding merupakan dua hal yang saling berhubungan satu sama lain. Marketing berbicara tentang sebuah ide produk, tentang sistem distribusi dan rantai penjualan, besarnya gross margin, budget promosi dan beberapa profit yang memungkinkan untuk diraih oleh produsen. Rumusan MasalahBerdasarkan uraian pada latar belakang dan identifikasi masalah, maka dapat dirumuskan permasalahan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui Bagaimana strategi marketing public relations UKIM dalam melakukan branding ? Berdasarkan Masalah diatas maka tujuan penelitian yang dicapai adalah : (1). Mengetahui Strategi Marketing Public Relation UKIM dalam melakukan Branding ? (2). Bagaimana Respon Masyarakat terhadap Strategi Marketing Publik Relation dalam melakukan Branding? Adapun manfaat penelitian ini diharapkan berguna sebagai (1). Sumbangan pemikiran dan bahan masukan dan membantu UKIM dalam merumuskan Strategi Marketing Publik Relation dalam melakukan Branding. (2). Bahan masukan ilmiah bagi pengembangan Lembaga Penelitian UKIM, khususnya bidang Ilmu Komunikasi.
Proceedings of NetSciEd 2018
Authors: Cramer Catherine , Gera Ralucca , Panagakou Evelyn , Porter Mason A. , Sayama Hiroki , Sheetz Lori , Stella Massimo , Uzzo Stephen Miles
Published: September 2018

NetSciEd 2018: The NetSci Satellite Symposium on Network Science and Education was held as a full-day satellite symposium at NetSci 2018 in Paris, France, on 12 June 2018. This edition followed the previous NetSciEd satellites held in 2012--2017. NetSciEd is an excellent venue to discuss all topics related to network science and education, including educational activities to teach/learn network science as well as applications of network science to understand, model, and improve educational systems and practices. This booklet gathers the abstracts of the presentations from NetSciEd 2018. The authors have enriched them with external links and references of potential relevance to any readers who want to become involved in network science and education.
Kesuksesan Belajar-Mengajar dan Mengabdi di Perguruan Tinggi (Universitas Kristen Indonesia Maluku - UKIM)
Authors: Pattinama Claartje
Published: September 2018

Tulisan ini membahas tentang kesuksesan belajar-mengajar di Perguruan Tinggi, khususnya di Universitas Kristen Indonesia Maluku, paling tidak ada empat (4) faktor yang dapat dikatakan sangat menentukan kesuksesan tersebut antara lain: komitmen, motivasi, dukungan sosial dan self-efficacy. Keempat faktor ini saling berkaitan dan saling mempengaruhi dalam menentukan kesuksesan seseorang, termasuk kesuksesan semua elemen perguruan tinggi (mahasiswa, dosen, dan karyawan)
Spiritualitas Keugaharian: Perspektif Pastoral
Authors: Pattinama Claartje
Published: September 2018

Spiritualias keugaharian adalah cara menghayati dan menjalani kehidupan yang didasari pada etos hidup berkecukupan. Hidup berkecukupan merupakan gaya hidup yang perlu dikembangkan oleh orang-orang percaya atau warga gereja. Hidup berkecukupan dapat dikatakan sebagai hidup yang berlandaskan Alkitab, Matius 6 ayat 11 “berikanlah kami pada hari ini makanan kami yang secukupnya”. Dari penggalan doa Bapa Kami ini, saya memahami ungkapan secukupnya tidak hanya berkaitan dengan makanan tetapi menyangkut semua kebutuhan hidup manusia. Hal ini berarti hidup berkecukupan merujuk pada keseimbangan dalam hidup manusia.
IMPROVING THE STUDENTS SPEAKING SKILL THROUGH GUESSING GAMES
Authors: Farmana Yuditra
Published: September 2018

principle to collect the data. The research conducted through two cycles with each cycle consisted of three meetings. By implementing guessing games in teaching speaking, the students had chance to be active and cooperative in learning speaking so that the students’ speaking accuracy and the students’ speaking fluency achievement were improved significantly. It could be seen from the result of the students’ activities during the action, and the students’ speaking achievement in speaking.The mean score of the students’ speaking D - Test was 5.53. It was categorized as fair classification (low ability). While the mean score of the students’ speaking test in cycle I was 6.53. It is higher than the mean score of the students’ pre test. But the result was not significant from the result which was expected according to the background namely 7.00, so the research was continued to the cycle II and the mean score of the students’ speaking achievement of cycle II was 7.52. It was categorized as good. It also indicated that there were a significant score from the result expected in the background namely 7. The result above was acquired from the students’ speaking ability in terms of speaking accuracy and speaking fluency.
Angin Koncang Tanjungbalai
Authors: Siregar Shohibul Anshor
Published: September 2018

Sudah mendarah daging doktrin fal-yukrim dhayfah (memuliakan tetamu). Tanjungbalai yang adalah daerah pesisir terbuka (open coastal society) dengan karakter egaliter, tak pernah berharap bermusuhan dengan sesiapa pun (pajago-jagohon) dan tak mewarisi watak xenophobia (khawatir dengan orang asing). Juga tak ada rasa rendah diri (minderwaardigheidscomplex, mc) berhadapan dengan siapa pun. Kalau begitu mengapa orang-orang pada suatu malam penghujung bulan Juli 2016 bergerak tanpa komando membakar sejumlah Vihara dan Klenteng? Ini memang sebuah angin koncang (badai besar).
Compositional hierarchical structure evolves through cultural transmission: an experimental study
Authors: Saldana Carmen , Kirby Simon , Truswell Rob , Smith Kenny
Published: September 2018

Compositional hierarchical structure is a prerequisite for productive languages; it allows language learners to express and understand an infinity of meanings from finite sources (i.e., a lexicon and a grammar). Understanding how such structure evolved is central to evolutionary linguistics. Previous work combining artificial language learning and iterated learning techniques has shown how basic compositional structure can evolve from the trade-off between learnability and expressivity pressures at play in language transmission. In the present study we show, across two experiments, how the same mechanisms involved in the evolution of basic compositionality can also lead to the evolution of compositional hierarchical structure. We thus provide experimental evidence showing that cultural transmission allows advantages of compositional hierarchical structure in language learning and use to permeate language as a system of behaviour.
Where are the liars? Extremely low levels of dishonesty in an experiment where individuals are incentivized to cheat.
Authors: Raihani Nichola , Lamb Charlotte
Published: September 2018

Individuals cheat more in groups than when alone, though the exact reasons for this are not clear. Here, we use a lab-based experiment (N = 116) to ask whether (i) variation in risk-proneness and (ii) the perception of subjective social costs, such as being perceived negatively by others or the consequences of letting others down, motivate people to behave dishonestly. In addition, we asked whether self-reported social and ethical risk preferences impact dishonesty and whether these interact with social pressure. The most striking result of this study is the very low levels of dishonesty observed: despite using established methods that have demonstrated high levels of dishonesty in previous studies, only seven (6 %) participants were dishonest in this task. It is possible that contextual factors greatly affect dishonesty, though we also discuss the possibility that previous experiments have over-estimated the extent to which people will lie for financial rewards in laboratory experiments.
Declarative memory, but not executive function, is associated with temporal discounting in older adults
Authors: Lempert Karolina Maria , Wolk David A. , Kable Joe
Published: September 2018

People often make decisions involving trade-offs between smaller immediate and larger delayed rewards. In intertemporal choices such as these, individuals tend to discount the value of future rewards, a tendency known as temporal discounting. Most people exhibit some degree of temporal discounting, but the rate at which people discount future rewards varies widely. Two neurocognitive systems have been proposed as potential candidates for mediating individual differences in discounting: executive function and declarative memory. Both of these functions decline as people age, at rates that vary across individuals. Here we leverage this variability in cognitive abilities among older adults (both cognitively normal and with mild cognitive impairment, MCI) to investigate associations between temporal discounting and executive function versus declarative memory. We find that neuropsychological measures of declarative memory (episodic memory retrieval and semantic fluency), but not executive function (Trail Making Test and lexical fluency), are associated with temporal discounting. People with better memory discount delayed rewards less. Consistent with this, individuals diagnosed with MCI show steeper discount rates compared to cognitively normal older adults. In contrast, executive function, but not declarative memory, is associated with the extent to which an individual is risk-neutral, or expected-value maximizing, in a risky choice task. These findings elucidate the inconsistent literature on aging and economic preferences, and they suggest that distinct neural systems mediate individual differences in the risk and time domain.
Is regularisation uniform across linguistic levels? Comparing learning and production of unconditioned probabilistic variation in morphology and word order.
Authors: Saldana Carmen , Smith Kenny , Kirby Simon , Culbertson Jennifer
Published: September 2018

Languages exhibit variation at all linguistic levels, from phonology, to the lexicon, to syntax. Importantly, that variation tends to be (at least partially) conditioned on some aspect of the social or linguistic context. When variation is unconditioned, language learners regularise it—removing some or all variants, or conditioning variant use on context. Previous studies using artificial language learning experiments have documented regularising behaviour in learning of lexical, morphological, and syntactic variation. These studies implicitly assume that regularisation reflects uniform mechanisms and processes across linguistic levels. However, studies on natural language learning and pidginisation suggest that morphological and syntactic variation may be treated differently. In particular, there is evidence that morphological variation may be more susceptible to regularisation (Good 2015;Siegel 2006; Slobin 1986). Here we provide the first systematic comparison of the strength of regularisation across these two linguistic levels. In line with previous studies, we find that the presence of a favoured variant can induce different degrees of regularisation. However, when input languages are carefully matched—with comparable initial variability, and no variant-specific biases—regularisation can be comparable across morphology and word order. This is the case regard-less of whether the task is explicitly communicative. Overall, our findings suggest an overarching regularising mechanism at work, with apparent differences among levels likely due to differences in inherent complexity or variant-specific biases. Differences between production and encoding in our tasks further suggests this overarching mechanism is driven by production
Gestaltungsprinzipien des Lean After Sales Service
Authors: Dombrowski Uwe , Malorny Constantin
Published: September 2018

Kurzfassung

Auf Basis des After Sales Service können Unternehmen im Vergleich zum Primärproduktgeschäft hohe Margen erwirtschaften. Daher müssen die Prozesse im After Sales Service auch zukünftig effektiv sowie effizient ausgestaltet und an die Kundenwünsche und -anforderungen angepasst werden. Hierzu eignen sich die Gestaltungsprinzipien, Methoden und Werkzeuge Ganzheitlicher Produktionssysteme. In diesem Beitrag werden die Gestaltungsprinzipien vorgestellt, die zur Implementierung eines Lean After Sales Service genutzt werden können.
IoT-Lösungen für den Container 4.0
Authors: Bahr Linus , Dokic Ivan , Kühnel Corinna , Kraus Fabian , Lenk Simon , Papic Aleksa , Schanz Jessica , Staake Johann Jakob
Published: September 2018

Kurzfassung

Um im ruinösen Wettbewerb der Containerschifffahrt zu bestehen, suchen Reedereien und Logistikdienstleister nach neuen Geschäftsmodellen, die durch den Einsatz digitaler Technologien ermöglicht werden. Hierfür wurde ein Modell entwickelt, welches Unternehmen ermöglicht, neue Anwendungsszenarien und Geschäftsmodell-Innovationen im bestehenden Umfeld der Containerlogistik zu entwickeln und am Markt zu etablieren. Der vorliegende Beitrag zeigt die aktuellen Marktgegebenheiten in der Containerlogistik und gibt einen Ausblick darüber, wie die vierte industrielle Revolution den Container der Zukunft prägen wird.
Erstellung und Validierung von Lastprofilen für die energieintensive Industrie
Authors: Emde Alexander , Zimmermann Fabian , Feil Miriam , Sauer Alexander
Published: September 2018

Kurzfassung

Zur Identifikation von Energieeffizienzmaßnahmen auf Industrieebene durch Simulationen für Unternehmen mit individuellen Lastprofilen ist keine Nutzung von Standardlastprofilen nach VDEW möglich. Stattdessen ist eine Lastprofilanalyse zur Erarbeitung von Standardlastprofilen des individuellen Strombedarfs erforderlich. Dafür können Tagesverläufe der Leistungsdaten des Strombedarfs eines gesamten Jahres auf Sonderverläufe, wie z. B. Feiertage oder Jahreszeiten, untersucht und typische Standardwochen für jede Jahreszeit identifiziert werden.
Effect of cooling rate on microstructure, mechanical properties and residual stress of 7075 aluminum alloy
Authors: Koç Funda Gül , Çöl Mustafa , Çeliker Tanju
Published: September 2018

In this study, the effect of cooling rate on microstructure, mechanical properties and residual stress of 7075 aluminum alloy was investigated. The influence of cooling rate on microstructure, hardness, electrical conductivity of 7075 aluminum alloy was investigated using a Jominy end quench test. Water at three different temperatures (20 °C, 50 °C, 75 °C) and polymer solutions of varied concentrations (5vol.-% and 25vol.-%) were used as a quenching medium. The changes of hardness, electrical conductivity and microstructure properties of the specimens with an increase in distance from the quenched surface were investigated comparatively for different quenching mediums. Tensile tests were applied to determine the effect of the quenching rate on mechanical properties of the specimens. Residual stress was measured using the ESPI hole drilling technique to understand the influence of cooling rate. The results show that the cooling rate decreases as the distance from the quenched surface, water temperature and polymer concentration increases. The changes in material properties such as hardness, electrical conductivity along the material profile decrease as water temperature and polymer concentration increase. Although the hardness and mechanical properties of the material decrease as the cooling rate decreases, the values obtained are convenient for conditions of industrial usage. Residual stress was significantly eliminated by quenching in hot water or polymer solution at a high concentration.
Failure analysis of a cracked Q125 casing for ultra-deep wells at the Tarim Oilfield
Authors: Gao Deli , Tan Leichuan , Zhou Jinhui , Liu Wenhong , Li Xin , Liu Yongsheng , Wang Zhengxu , Gu Yue , Li Wenlong
Published: September 2018

In this paper, the reasons for cracking in the longitudinal and spiral of Q125 casing in ultra-deep wells (UDWs) at the Tarim Oilfield were investigated for the first time ever. Up to know an evaluation of Q125 casing materials of UDWs were were limited to comparisons with WSP-2T and P110 via performance tests. In addition, an applicability evaluation of UDWs was carried out using MPC software and theoretical calculations. The results show that mechanical damage and stress corrosion cracking are the principal causes for longitudinal cracking. Spiral cracking can be the result of the manufacturing process. It should be added that the material out of which Q125 casing is produced manifests high strength, low toughness and great sensitivity to cracks, stress corrosion and low allowable limit crack size (ALCS) when compared with WSP-2T and P110. Owing to the complicated field environment of UDWs at the Tarim Oilfield, the causes of cracking failure have been analyzed, with the result that WSP-2T casing of a similar strength to Q125 casing ought to be selected in UDWs rather than Q125 casing with high strength and low toughness, which is significant for the development of UDWs at the Tarim Oilfield.
Les polyphénols de l’extrait n-butanol de Crataegus oxyacantha : évaluation de leur pouvoir antioxydant et protecteur vis-à-vis de la toxicité de la doxorubicine
Authors: Mechri A. , Amrani A. , Benabderrahmane W. , Benaissa O. , Boubekri N. , Zama D. , Benayache F. , Benayache S.
Published: September 2018

La doxorubicine (DOX) est un médicament utilisé en chimiothérapie anticancéreuse, son utilisation clinique est limitée en raison de plusieurs effets secondaires qui lui ont été attribués, comme la cardiotoxicité, la néphrotoxicité et l’hépatotoxicité. Dans la présente étude, nous avons étudié l’efficacité protectrice de l’extrait n-butanol d’une plante médicinale de la famille des Rosacées (Crataegus oxyacantha) contre la toxicité cardiaque, rénale et hépatique induite par la DOX chez des rats Wistar femelles en utilisant des paramètres biochimiques. Les rats ont été soumis à un traitement oral pré- et postphylactique concomitant par l’extrait n-butanol (100 mg/kg) contre la toxicité induite par injection intrapéritonéale unique de la DOX (150 mg/kg). La néphrotoxicité et l’hépatotoxicité ont été évaluées en mesurant les taux sériques de la créatinine, de l’urée, de l’aspartateaminotransférase (ASAT), de l’alanine-aminotransférase (ALAT) et du lactate-déshydrogénase (LDH). Le profil lipidique a également été mesuré. Le traitement par l’extrait n-butanol a considérablement diminué les taux des marqueurs sériques de la toxicité provoquée par la DOX. Les résultats biochimiques qui ont montré que la DOX a causé des dommages importants au niveau des tissus étudiés ont été inversés par l’extrait n-butanol. Les résultats suggèrent que l’extrait n-butanol atténue les lésions rénales, cardiaques et hépatiques induites par la DOX. Les tests antioxydants in vitro (piégeage du radical 2,2-diphényl-1-picrylhydrazyl et inhibition de la peroxydation lipidique) de l’extrait n-butanol ont révélé qu’il présente un pouvoir antioxydant très important ; ces activités sont fortement corrélées avec les teneurs en flavonoïdes et en phénols totaux.
Influence of inoculation on photosynthesis and symbiotic parameters of pea and its crop yield in the conditions of the southern forest steppe of Western Siberia
Authors: Kiselev A. S. , Popolzukhina N. A. , Popolzukhin P. V. , Parshutkin Iu. Iu. , Gaidar A. A.
Published: September 2018

The paper highlights the effect of inoculation by means of biological specimens on formation of photosynthetic parameters, nodule-forming capacities and yield of pea grain. The authors reveal the varieties which mostly respond to the tillage, effective specimens and methods of their application. The researchers explored two varieties of pea as Omskiy 9 and Omskiy 18 and two biological specimens (risotorphine and ruminatine). The study was conducted in the experimental fields of Omsk agricultural research center in 2016-2017 in the following variants: control (without inoculation), inoculation by means of  risotorphine, inoculation by ruminatine and combined tillage. The researchers observed different meteorological conditions during the research. The experiments and calculations of the experimental data were carried out by means of general methodics. The positive effect of inoculation on increasing of such parameters as leaf surface index and photosynthetic potential is observed. Active symbiotic potential, number and weight of nodules rhizosphere of pea had a maximum value when being treated by biospecimen ruminatine and combined inoculation of seeds by risotorphine and ruminatine. The authors highlight significant positive relationship between photosynthetic and active symbiotic potential. Inoculation influenced the yield of pea varieties in a different way in the years of research. The results of variance analysis showed that conditions of experiment influenced the yield of varieties – 34.4 %, the proportion of inoculation effect was 25.0 % and genotype – 17,3 %. Omsk 18 variety was characterized by the highest rates of photosynthetic and symbiotic activity. Seed treatment with ruminatine and combined inoculation with risotorphine and ruminatine have impact when growing pea in the conditions of southern forest-steppe of Western Siberia.
Qualitative assessment of souls in technogenic landscapes  of Gorlovskiy anthracitous deposit
Authors: Dvurechenskiy V. G. , Sokolov D. A. , Seredina V. P.
Published: September 2018

The paper highlights the results of Morphological studies of soils formed on the outer 30year dumps of overburden and host rocks of the Gorlovskiy deposit and leached chernozem soil. The authors found out that soil covering contains initial, organic accumulative and sod types of embryosimes. Comparative morphological characteristics of soils indicates differences between chernozems and technogenic landscape soils. The results show that soil formation increases concentration of pedogenic organic matter in the soils which is almost equal to that in the black soil. The paper represents qualitative assessment of the soils. The authors calculate the index of specific features which reveals significant differences in the contribution to total variation of different soil properties. The article shows that embryosimes formed on loose sediments are the most fertile. It is established that the level of quality value in rocky soils is determined by concentration of physical clay; in the soils formed on loose rocks it is explained by humus concentration.. The ecosystem is not in a meta-stable climax state; it is developing dynamically, being at the stage of forming sod embryosimes. Therefore, the soil and environmental condition of tailings is satisfactory, as the embryosimes have not been formed after 31 years later the initial phase of technogenesis started. Humus accumulating embryosimes are expected to be formed in the soil covering as well as dry steppe souls on technogenic eluvium and neogenic clays.
Impact of variety features and environmental factors of zones  where apricots are grown on biochemical complex of apricots
Authors: Guseinova B. M. , Daudova T. I.
Published: September 2018

The article explores biochemical complexes of apricots (Prunus armeniaca L.) of different varieties (Dzhengutaevskiy, Krasnoshchekiy, Khonabah and Shalah), which grow in the unique soil and climatic conditions of the Republic of Dagestan on the plain, and in the fruit zones located in the foothills and in the mountainous river valley. The researchers investigated the components of apricots by means of flame and atomic absorption photometry. The composition  of titratable acids, sugars, pectin substances and vitamin C was determined colorimetrically by titrimetric, phenolic compounds and vitamin P. The paper identifies varieties valuable for consumption and appropriate environmental zones in Dagestan, where the apricot varieties can reveal their biological properties most. Such studies are important and relevant both for effective use of resource capacities in fruit zones located at different heights above sea level, and for production of new apricot products with high nutritional values. The revealed varietal differences in the biochemical complexes of the studied fruits allow to assess their nutritional values. The authors observed the highest number of pectin substances in Shalah fruits – 0.84%, vitamin C – 15.7 mg%, phenolic substances – 137.1 mg% and vitamin P – 72.5 mg% and all macro - and microelements typical for apricot, except copper. Honabach variety had a high amount of sugar and copper, and Gengutsu – titratable acids. The highest concentration of magnesium and iodine was observed in Shalah and Krasnoshchekiy varieties respectively 63,4-57,0 and 1,2-1,1 mkg%. The authors outline that environmental conditions of the mountain valley contribute to the increased accumulation of titrated acids, vitamins C and P, phenolic and pectin substances and  zinc, copper and Fe in apricots. Adaptation of all studied varieties to soil and climatic factors of the plain increased concentration of sugar, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sodium and iodine in fruits. The results of experiment on biochemical composition of apricots allow us to recommend producing of new crop plantings taking into consideration the altitude gradient of the growing place. The data obtained on nutritional value of apricot varieties Dzhengutaevskiy, Krasnoshchekiy, Khonabah and Shalah  varieties can be applied for developing formulations for new functional food products.
Correlations among Vetom 21.77 doses, mass and some   hematological parameters of broilers
Authors: Rafikova E. R. , Nozdrin G. A. , Leliak A. A.
Published: September 2018

The research aims at revealing possible correlations among the dose of microbiological specimen vetom 21.77, body weight and concentration of erythrocytes and hematoglobulin in the poultry blood which received the specimen. The researchers arranged 5 groups: the control group and 4 experimental ones. Each group contained 20 broilers. The researchers used 5 chickens additionally in order to define critical hematological parameters before applying the specimens in the experimental groups. The specimen was applied when feeding the poultry from 1-4 experimental groups orally once a day dosed 2, 5, 50 and 300 μl / kg of weight, respectively, with food and water for 7 days. The chickens from the control group didn’t get the specimen. When analyzing the results obtained,  the digital data was visualized using the swing diagrams and correlation diagrams in order to detail the observed tendencies. At the final stage of the experiment, the average absolute weight of broilers which received vetom 21..77 in the investigated doses was on 0.2-1.4% higher in comparison with the same parameter in the control group. Median parameters   of the absolute  poultry weight which received the specimen dosed 50 and 300 μl / kg of body weight, were on 1.4 and 1.9% higher in the control group. The number of erythrocytes in the poultry blood which received vetom 21.77 at a dose of 300 μl / kg of mass was higher at the end of the experiment than in the control group on 6.3% (P <0.05). The median of the sample exceeded the median of the control group on 8.9%. The average parameters   of hematoglobulin concentration in the blood of chickens which  received the specimen at doses of 50 and 300 μl / kg of mass were on 3.4 (P <0.01) and 3.8% (P <0.01) higher. Medians of these groups were higher than those in the control group on 5%. The article highlights the correlations between the dose of the specimen and live body weight (P <0.001), and between the concentration of erythrocytes (P 0.001) and hematoglobulin (P 0.001) in the blood of experimental poultry.