bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aspects of cytoplasmic maturation of bovine oocytes: Interplay between mapk, mRNA-cap binding complex and cytoplasmic mRNA metabolism in regulation of translation
Authors: Smiljakovic Tatjana , Sterza Melo , Kubelka M. , Vohnikova Z. , Tomek W.
Published: September 2009

Bovine oocytes are arrested in the germinal vesicle stage (GV stage)and mature spontaneously when they are removed from their follicles and transferred to a suitable culture medium. This process, known as meiotic maturation is characterized among others, by germinal vesicle breakdown followed by metaphase I (MI) stage and further development to metaphase II (MII), where they become arrested again. During GVBD to MI transition, the overall protein synthesis reaches the highest level and it rapidly declines in MII. We have previously shown that transcription completely declines during meiotic maturation. Therefore we suppose that gene expression is exclusively regulated on translational level at this stage of development. This means that mRNAs, which were stored in repressed form during oocyte growth, were actively translated during meiotic maturation. Therefore we have investigated specific regulators of translation, namely the eukaryotic initiation factor of translation eIF4E (cap binding protein) and a specific repressor of eIF4E function, the 4E-binding protein 4E-BP1. Furthermore, we have elucidated pathways, which lead to eIF4E and 4E-BP1 phosphorylation by using specific M-phase kinase inhibitors, and we compare these results with transcription and cytoplasmic polyadenylation events during the course of meiotic maturation. The detailed knowledge of such regulatory processes can help to improve in vitro bio-techniques and to estimate the risk of these techniques.
Reproduction parameters and fertility control in herds of dairy cows
Authors: Perkovic Stevan , Vukovic Dragan , Petrovic Milan
Published: September 2009

In order to achieve good reproduction and production results in herds of dairy cows, apart from basic conditions concerning housing, care and nutrition, it is necessary to carry out regular clinical examinations of genital organs. Such examinations are not carried out regularly in practice therefore often many reproduction disorders are not diagnosed timely. As consequence we have bad fertility results, considerably lower milk production and high level of culled females from the herd. Reproduction parameters in herds of dairy cows are important factors from the aspect of successful production and herd management. Analysis of certain parameters enables the definition of problems in production, as well as the cause of bed results. Majority of this parameters can be applied in large dairy cow herds, some are also applicable in smaller herds. In conditions of market economy demands for economically efficient production are more expressed therefore the adequate determination of mentioned parameters is of great importance.
Investigation of the consumer attitude towards beef as food stuff
Authors: Pavlovski Zlatica , Aleksic Stevica , Cmiljanic Ratimir , Skrbic Zdenka , Lukic Milos
Published: September 2009

In order to investigate the habits and preferences of consumers of beef as well as their attitude towards the factors affecting the meat quality, 504 consumers of different sex, age, wealth status and profession were selected. Consumers were given a poll questionnaire consisting of questions referring to their habits regarding purchasing of meat and factors affecting the acceptance of meat as food stuff. Answers of participants in the poll were processed according to sex, profession, year of birth and income per household member. Majority of polled consumers answered that they eat more meat during winter season, and mainly liver of all giblets. Majority of participants in the poll is of opinion that meat consumption induces heart diseases, that meat represents source of "harmful" cholesterol and that animal diseases are transferred to humans by meat consumption.
The effect of different phosphorus sources on body weight and weight gain in fattening chickens
Authors: Radovic Vera , Rajic Isidor , Stanic Dusan , Nadazdin Milivoje
Published: September 2009

The aim of the investigations was to compare the utilization of phosphorus from different sources: from dicalcium phosphate, monocalcium phosphate with and without phytase enzyme, at a reduced level of the phosphorus source mentioned. The investigation was conducted on the total of 440 fattening chickens of the Arbor Acres strain divided into 4 groups according to the phosphorus source: K-group (110 chickens-dicalcium phosphate 2%); O-I-group (110 chickens monocalcium phosphate 1.4 %); O-II-group (110 chickens-dicalcium phosphate 1% + 0.1% phytase) and O-III-group (110 chickens monocalcium-phosphate 0.7 % + 0.1 % phytase). The trial on the chickens nutrition lasted 42 days. Production traits, i.e. body weight and weight gain, were used as phosphorus utilization criteria in this paper. The study results showed that the highest production results (P<0.05) were obtained with the chickens fed 0.1 % phytase feed supplements at a reduced level of the mineral phosphorus source.
Citrobacter freundii cause of the disease of rainbow trout (Ncorhynchus Mykiss Wallbaum) in Serbia
Authors: Jeremic Svetlana , Jakic-Dimic Dobrila
Published: September 2009

In this paper we have demonstrated and described disease affecting one-year-old rainbow trout characterized with gastroenteritis and progressive mortality rate, indicating no typical bacteriological septicemical infection. Gastroenteritis of rainbow trout was isolated with Gramm mobile bacteria Citrobacter freundii. Citrobacter freundii cultures were identified by investigation of key phenotypic traits and biochemical methods - Api 20E system. Pathohistological investigation determined inflammatory changes on intestines. By artificial infection with pure Citrobacter freundii culture we have reproduced this disease. This was the first finding of Citrobacter freundii as inducer of disease affecting rainbow trout in Serbia.
The effect of lactic acid additive on the quality and chemical composition of meadow grass silage
Authors: Pyś Jan , Migdal Wladislaw , Zivkovic Branislav , Kosovac Olga , Fabjan Mihal , Radovic Cedomir
Published: September 2009

In the experiment, forage from the 1st cut of meadow grasses mown at the heading stage of dominant grasses was ensiled. The control silages were made from fresh forage (dry matter 223.5 g?kg-1) and wilted forage (dry matter 351.9 g?kg-1). The experimental silages were made from fresh forages supplemented with a 5% water solution of lactic acid (0.5 and 0.7 l?100 kg-1 of forage) and 8% water solution of lactic acid (0.4 and 0.6 l?100 kg-1 of forage). The highest contents of crude protein, water-soluble carbohydrates and energy were found in silages supplemented with 5% lactic acid applied at 0.7 l?100 kg-1 of forage and in silages supplemented with 8% lactic acid applied at 0.6 l?100 kg-1 of forage. The above silage variants were also characterized by the lowest content of NH3-N in total-N, butyric acid and acetic acid, as well as the highest contents of lactic acid and the best indicators of fermentation quality. No important differences were found between silages made from wilted forage and silages made with lactic acid supplement.
Harmful plants in meadow associations of Serbia
Authors: Mrfat-Vukelic Slavica , Tomic Zorica , Dajic-Stevanovic Zora , Lazarevic Dragi , Pudlo Vladanka
Published: September 2009

In this paper results of the analysis of 48 meadow and pasture associations of Serbia deriving from 6 vegetation classes in order to establish the presence of harmful species. In this way possibility for more efficient method of their removal or reduction could be defined. Analysis included plants poisonous to domestic animals or could cause mechanical injuries to livestock, plant species that have harmful affect to the quality of livestock products (meat and milk), also plants not consumed by livestock at all and plants inducing the productivity of useful forage plant species (parasites and semi-parasites). It was established that their participation in meadow associations varies between 5 and 35%. The highest total presence of harmful plants (35%) and highest single presence of poisonous (15%) and slightly poisonous (20%) plants was registered in ass. Festucetum ovinae.
Correlation between the breeding indicators of black and white cows in Bulgaria
Authors: Gaidarsca V. , Rusev N. , Popova Y.
Published: September 2009

The objective of this study was to estimate coefficients of variability heritability, genetic and phenotypic correlations between indicators of milk productivity in relation to milk yield and fat content, butter fat and protein content in milk. The foremost quality of 21st century Holstein cow is efficiency (Beaulieu, 1993). She must continue to increase both life production and production per year, preserving the quality. Due to the use of optimum breeding programs the rates of the genetic improvement of milk production have increased nearly twice in the 1990 as compared to those in the 1970 according to Aleksiev et.al. (1991), Vankov (1978), Vankov et.al. (1982) and Kennedy,(1991). A primary objective of this study was to determine coefficients of variability, heritability, genetic and phenotypic correlation between indicators of milk productivity in relation to milk yield and fat content, butter fat and protein content in milk. Heritability, genetic and phenotype correlation of milk productivity and protein content in milk of Bulgarian Black and White cows White were estimated, using the linear statistical model (Harvey 1977).
Technology of production of beef of special quality
Authors: Pavlovski Zlatica , Aleksic Stevica , Cmiljanic Ratimir , Skrbic Zdenka , Lukic Milos , Stojanovic Ljiljana
Published: September 2009

By applying the method of industrial crossing of Domestic spotted cattle of lower production performances with French fattening/meat breeds (Charolais and Limousine) young cattle is obtained with better fattening traits as well as traits of carcass and meat quality. Application of the method of industrial crossing of Domestic spotted cattle of lower production performances, beside significant increase of the quantity of high quality beef meat, would also have positive effect on the economical aspect of cattle production. Application of new technologies would result in production of meat of standard, special quality under brand name, which would realize higher price on the market.
Amino acid composition of sheep milk from the tsigai breed
Authors: Gerchev Gercho , Mihaylova Gyurga , Ouzounov G.
Published: September 2009

The amino acid composition of total protein in sheep milk obtained from ewes of Tsigai breed during the grazing season (April - July) in 2002 was determined. The variation in the amounts of total protein and the dry fat-free residue in the milk produced during the grazing season exercise impact on its amino acid composition. Generally, sheep milk had higher percentage of monoaminocarbonic acids ranging from 13.1% to 13.4%. The total amount of essential amino acids increases proportionally to the changes in the milk composition during the grazing season.
Nutritive value of probiotics in nutrition of fattening pigs
Authors: Zivkovic Branislav , Migdal Wladyslav , Fabjan Mihal , Kovcin Stanimir , Radovic Cedomir , Kosovac Olga , Todorovic Mirjana , Jokic Zivan
Published: September 2009

Considering that our previous research has indicated some positive effects of probiotics used in nutrition of sows and suckling piglets, as well as piglets in rearing, investigation designed in this case had the objective to investigate the effect of introduction of probiotic Paciflora-C-10, based on Bacillus spp C.I.P. 5832 in nutrition of fattening pigs. Investigations were carried out on Experimental pig farm of the Institute for Animal Husbandry, Belgrade-Zemun. Crietria for evaluation of obtained results were production performance, degree of use of nutritious substances slaughter parameters and economical analysis determined as price of gain of 1 kg of body mass. It was established that introduction of probiotics has induced the increase of body mass gain by 3,88%, feed conversion by 2,81% degree of utilization of dry and organic matter as well as crude proteina in mixtures. Also, in regard to slaughter traits, it was established that use of probiotic had positive effect on dressing percentage. No effect on food consumption, meatiness in warm carcasses or price of body mass gain was determined on experimental animals.
Quality of carcass and meat of large Yorkshire and Swedish landrace pigs
Authors: Dzinic Natalija , Petrovic Ljiljana , Tomovic Vladimir , Manojlovic Danica , Timanovic Svetozar , Vidaric Dragica , Kurjakov Nada
Published: September 2009

The comparative quality evaluation of sides and meat was performed after several years of selection of Large Yorkshire (LY) and Swedish Landrace (SL) pigs. The quality of carcass sides e.g. meat yield in sides, was determined in-vivo, using the PIGLOG 105, on the slaughter-line according to Regulation and using the FOM device on a number of pig carcass sides of LY and SL breed(n: LY = 48; SL = 39), and after cooling, partial dissection of left sides was applied according to procedure recommended in the EU, on a smaller number of pure breed sides (n: LY = 18; SL = 17). The investigated selection model in pure breed animals yielded rather good results regarding halves quality of both races (% of meat determined by partial dissection: LY = 57,9; SL = 57,4), while the average meat quality (M. semimembranosus) on the basis of technological characteristics (pHi, pHu, WHCu and colouru) of both investigated races was somewhat poorer and corresponded to RSE quality.
Analysis of the livestock production system present on Stara planina mountain from the aspect of production of hard cheese - kachkaval
Authors: Petrovic Milan , Ruzic-Muslic Dragana , Zujovic Miroslav , Skalicki Zlatko , Perisic Predrag
Published: September 2009

The system of livestock breeding as well as influence of more important factors of genetic nature on milk yield of sheep and cattle populations on the territory of Stara Planina Mountain, more specific region of the town Pirot, is analyzed in this paper. Results of the investigation have demonstrated that existing system of production can not be regarded as satisfactory, but considering the potential, it is necessary to make a great effort in order to achieve improvement of livestock production. Milkiness of sheep and cattle in this region is within the limits for specific breed however, by improving the breeding system better results could be achieved. Positive and negative genetic correlation of observed milk traits in sheep and cattle, was determined. If we accept the fact that sheep and cow milk originating from this region has specific quality traits due to the specificity of the region, and therefore essential role in production of Dojkinci hard cheese - kachkaval of Pirot type, then results obtained in this way could be indicator of more efficient application of improvement programmes in order to increase the production of milk and cheese.
Optimization of lambs feeding in hilly-mountainous region of Serbia
Authors: Cmiljanic Ratimir , Zujovic Miroslav , Pavlovski Zlatica , Trenkovski Snezana
Published: September 2009

The paper gives review on more recent research into the influence of nutrition on production results in fattening lambs. The results regarding the influence of feeding systems and diet composition on body weight gain feed conversion and meat quality in fattening lambs are given. Obtained results show that with suitable feeding system the body weight gain and feed conversion can be increased by 19-21% and 10-17% respectively. Besides, in this way the quality of lamb meat can be improved as well. The research showed that in hilly-mountainous region of Serbia, with 90 day old lambs on proper nutrition system the lambs of body mass of 23,0-25,0 kg with excellent meat quality can be produced.
Effect of the diet energy level on production performance of lambs
Authors: Ruzic-Muslic Dragana , Negovanovic Dragan , Petrovic Milan , Josipovic Slavko , Perisic Predrag , Nesic Zorica
Published: September 2009

Investigations were carried out on 60 suckling lambs (24 males and 36 female lambs) - R2 generation obtained by crossing Pirot Pramenka with W?rttemberg rams, divided into 3 groups. At the beginning of the trial lambs were 30 days old with average body mass of 15 kg. Animals were fed ad libitum alfalfa hay and iso-protein mixtures (16% total protein) with different energy content. Energy value of used mixtures was 7.29 (I), 7.71 (II) and 7.94 MJ NEM (III). Trial lasted 60 days. Following production parameters were monitored: body mass, average daily gain, feed and nutrient consumption and conversion, depending on the applied feeding treatment. Statistical processing of obtained data was carried out on PC, using variance analysis. Final body masses of lambs (age of 90 days) were: 29.81 kg (I), 31.19kg (II) and 29.86 kg (III). Average daily gain for entire fattening period according to treatments I: II: III was 0.280kg: 0.303kg: 0.277kg. Values of DM conversion (kg/kg) for trial groups I:II:III were 2.68: 2.58: 2.93. Utilization of energy (MJ/kg) in average was 19.45: 18.98: 21.64, whereas the conversion of total protein (g/kg) according to the same order of treatments was 481: 451: 514. Performed research has shown that certain advantage can be attributed to lambs fed fodder mixture II (16% of total protein and 7.71 MJ NME), considering that they have realized the highest gain and the lowest use of feed and nutrients as well as energy.
Characteristics of autochthonous production of Sjenica cheese at Sjenica-Pester plateau region
Authors: Jovanovic Snezana , Macej Ognjen , Barac Miroljub
Published: September 2009

Characteristics and specific autochthonous technology production process of Sjenica cheese at Sjenica-Pester plateau region are presented in this paper. Sitting of Sjenica cheese autochthonous technology was performed by 22 questions opinion poll which unites basic elements and technological operations of autochthonous production. Following locations were selected Krstac, Cetanovice, Rasno, Stavalj, Karajukica Bunari, Crnis, Breza, Boljare i Leskova. Sjenica cheese had high content of moisture (53.36%). According to fat in total solids (58.42%) it belongs to a group of cheeses made of whole milk, and according to moisture on a fat-free basis (73.32%) it belongs to soft cheeses group. Sensory characteristics of cheese were good. Flavor, aroma and color had all characteristics of cheese made of ewe's milk. High level of acidity and low pH value were characteristic for a group of white cheeses in brine, to which Sjenica cheese belongs.
Behavior of high producing holstein-friesian cows during the three months of lactation
Authors: Bencsik I. , Pacala N. , Theilen T. , Stanculet Jana , Bencsik Alena
Published: September 2009

In our study the behavior of dairy cows was studied during the first three months of lactation. The experiments were done on 25 cows raised in free-stalls on slatted floor in 25.5-31.5 m 2 boxes. In the experimental period the cows were fed grass, silage and hay. The concentrates were used for feeding during the milking time and the quantity depended on milk production of each cow. The dairy cows were monitored every 10 minutes in 24 hours period for several days. We have observed that the primiparous and secundiparous cows are resting 1-2 hours less than the older cows. The time needed to ingest the forages is longer at primiparous and secundiparous. During 24 hours, cows are spending 12-14 hours on rest, so it is necessary to build comfortable and spacious pens. Cows are spending 5-6 hours on feeding, so we must provide a larger feeding area for each cow.
Abundance of poly (a) binding protein in bovine oocytes during in vitro maturation
Authors: Smiljakovic Tatjana , Max M. , Tomek W.
Published: September 2009

To improve the conditions for in vitro production of embryos in animal husbandry it can be helpful to obtain deeper insights into regulatory mechanisms which are directing maturation of oocytes on a molecular level. Recent observations have shown that protein synthesis in mature oocytes (metaphase II stage) is impaired. Although oocytes possess a stockpile of mRNA at this stage of development, the translation of these mRNAs is repressed. It has been shown that essential components of cap dependent regulation of translation (eIF4E, 4E-BP1) potentially could attend in this process. More recent investigation suggest that these factors probably not alone modulate translation rates during in vitro maturation of bovine oocytes. Therefore in the present study the abundance and potential modifications of another regulator of translation, namely the poly (A)-binding protein was analysed. This protein was shown to bind to mRNAs poly-(A)tails and link them to the cap-binding complex eIF4F. By this mechanism, cap dependent translation should by synergetically stimulated. In the present study, we have analysed the abundance of poly (A) binding protein in the course of meiotic maturation and we have elucidated potential expression of isoforms or post translational modifications of this protein by 2D-Gelelectrophoresis.
Researches into the duration of service period of cows of gray alpine race on the P.D. Gacko farm
Authors: Lalovic M. , Gutic Milenko , Petrovic Milun
Published: September 2009

Researches into the duration of service period of cows of gray alpine race on the P.D. Gacko farm was conducted on 123 cows from the first to fifth lactation period. The researches were conducted for each lactation period separately and for all the five lactation periods together. The service period after the first lactation period lasted 97,4 days, ranging from 117 to 262 days. The average service period after the second lactation period was 101,3 days, ranging from 26 to 268 days. The average service period after the third lactation period was 112 days, ranging from 18 to 239 days. The average service period after the forth lactation period was 87,8. The average service period in the five lactation periods of 455 head was 95,29 days, ranging from 15 to 262 days. According to the findings of research we can conclude that the average service period is approaching the optimum with a tendency to decrease slightly along with the age of cows.
Autohthonous milk products basis for specific, original milk products development in modern conditions
Authors: Dozet Natalija , Macej Ognjen , Jovanovic Snezana
Published: September 2009

A short review of characteristic processing and protection of autohthonous milk products on mountain systems, with aim to observe the importance of this processing in further development of these areas, was given in this paper. Autohthonous milk processing is a part of production which can highly effect and contribute to the animal science development and resuscitating of the area. This is a part of dairy production which was not regarded enough nor it was influenced on further processing development. Milk processing in autohthonous products is still retained at our mountain areas. Categorization of the most important product groups-cheeses, kajmak and low-fat cheeses was performed in this short review. Their basic technology characteristics, composition, properties and market value are presented. Significant relevance of original products and area, through geographic and origin protection process was emphasized. Autohthonous milk products are base for expansion of assortment and quality of original cheeses and kajmak at the market.
Monitoring of an incidence of a behavioral indicators during 24 hours of observation of Belgian landrace pigs and its crossbreeds
Authors: Kovác L. , Mlynek J. , Liday I. , Novacký M.
Published: September 2009

We would like to present the results of observations during 24 hour long time period while we focused to the incidence of the behavioral indicators of the Belgian Landrace breeds and its crossbreeds with Duroc. The experiment took place in conditions of Experimental and Slaughter Facility of the Slovak Agricultural University in Nitra, Slovakia. We used the descriptive method of a direct observation, while the noticeable indicators as well as their length were recorded down to the prepared protocols. The results point at necessity to make comparable observations among various conditions, whereas to all conditions has a common validity. Among the observed groups, that were made according their weight, we detected statistically important relationships among 24 hour time period and 3 and 6 hour long segments, which began at 6 AM. At the base of achieved results we can recommend to reduce next observations just to these periods that starts at 6 AM. The shorten time period with its express value has a great influence for use of study of etologic demonstrations in practice.
Researching the possibility of production of dried porcine meat with decreased quantity of salt
Authors: Lilic Slobodan , Karan Dragica , Vidanovic D.
Published: September 2009

When manufacturing dried meat products the meat is usualy being conserved with 5-7% salt what results in a pretty high quantity of NaCl in end products (6-11%), and therefore sodium which is one of the major causes of hypertension nowadays. Data regarding the quantity of NaCl in end products are different. In hams at the end of ripening quantity of NaCl is 3,5-11,6% depending on whether the piece of meat was taken from middle or outer part. Dried meat from China usually has 7,6% NaCl (10). After brining and ripening the meat dried with 600g salt/10 kg meat has about 5,47- 9,75% NaCl. Although the presence of salt is important factor in conserving meat products modern trends in nutrition show that this quantity needs to be decreased for many reasons. Increased intake of NaCl, that is sodium, can be harmful to human health, in the first place because of hypertension, which together with smoking and increased level of glucose and cholesterol in blood promotes the development of cardiovascular diseases and renal insufficiency.
Evolution of the body weight and absolute growing rate of turcana x ile de france hybrid from lambing up to 5 months of age
Authors: Padeanu I. , Sauer I. , Sauer Maria , Voia O. , Dumitrescu Gabi
Published: September 2009

Studies were carried out on a group of 12 hybrids Turcana x Ile de France lambs (E) compared with a pure Turcana breed (like the Pramenka) group lambs (C = 12) following the evolution of the body weight and the mean daily gain. Hybrid lambs presented a significantly higher body weight (p<0,01) at 5 months compared with the pure Turcana breed lambs. The mean daily gain was also significantly higher (p<0,001) with 24 g in hybrid lambs compared with the Turcana breed lambs. It is a suggestion that the use of Ile de France breed for crossing with Turcana breed is efficient.
Quantitative meat quality parameters of broilers from different rearing systems
Authors: Bogosavljevic-Boskovic Snezana , Pavlovski Zlatica , Petrovic Milun , Doskovic Vladimir
Published: September 2009

Bearing in mind both certain established European Union regulations on the non-industrial poultry meat production and rearing specificities in our conditions, experimental investigations were conducted with the aim of examining the effect of two different rearing systems (outlet fattening and extensive rearing in the chicken-pen) on major quantitative characteristics of dressed broiler carcasses. The initial material used in the experiment consisted of one-day old chickens of the Hybro G strain. Following the 56-day fattening period, the shares of dressed carcasses, slaughter by-products, abdominal fat and basic carcass parts were determined by measuring at the slaughter line. Based upon the data mentioned, major quantitative meat parameters of trial broilers were calculated. The research results analyzed lead to the conclusion that there are no particularly significant differences between the outlet-reared broilers (one chick per square metre of the outlet area) and the extensively reared ones (12 broilers per square metre of the floor area) in terms of major slaughter characteristics.
Analysis of stimulus apitechnical measures in bee society spring development
Authors: Mladenovic Mica , Velickovic D. , Nedic Nebojsa
Published: September 2009

Influence of stimulus apitechnical measures on bee community biological development in spring was examined in this paper. Bee societies were placed in Langstrot-rut beehives with 10 frames, settled with bees belonging to Apis meliifera race. During the experiment, appropriate apitechnical measures were done during winter, spring and summer period and following parameters were observed: brood, honey and pollen surface. Application of timely warming, control and bee society expanding enabled regular bee community developing, that was established by following honey and pollen proceeds, and brood development. Average brood surface on the beginning of fruit pasture was 67.68 dm2 while at the end of fruit pasture was 81.81 dm2. Honey surface decreased on the average 8.93 dm2, while pollen surface because of the large proceeds, increased for 0.802 dm2. Statistical analysis of data showed that the pollen surface decreased for 0.429 dm2 if the brood surface increased for 1 dm2. Existing of mean degree of dependence (31.36%) of brood surface and changes of honey and pollen surface was established as well, but no statistical significance between brood surface and examining factors observing together was found.
Carbohydrate and protein fractions of mombaça grass under different cutting intervals and nitrogen levels
Authors: Oliveira R.L. , Barbosa M.A.A.F. , Cecato U. , Matos R.C. , Rodrigues A. , Santiago Marina
Published: September 2009

The objective of the experiment was to evaluate the influence of nitrogen fertilization on cutting intervals on the nitrogen and carbohydrate fractions of Momba?a grass (Pannicum maximum Jacq. cv. Momba?a). The treatments were: 0; 200; 400 and 600 Kg of N/ha and cutting intervals of 35 42; and 49 days. It was used ANOVA and linear regression for the statistical analysis. Significant effect of the nitrogen fertilization and the cutting intervals on the quality composition and on had been observed the protein and carbohydrates fractions. The nitrogen fertilization provided to greeters concentrations of non protein nitrogen (NPN) and soluble protein. The best concentration of proteins was obtained with cutting intervals of 35 days with 600 Kg of N/ha. There was an increment of the fractions C of the protein and carbohydrate in function of the cutting interval.
Development of livestock production in Montenegro and its adaptability to integration processes
Authors: Despotovic Aleksandra , Jovanovic Miomir , Bulatovic Bogdan
Published: September 2009

nema
The effect of paragenetic factors on performance traits in complete lactations in Simmental cows
Authors: Petrovic Milun , Skalicki Zlatko , Bogdanovic Vladan , Petrovic Milan , Kurcubic Vladimir
Published: September 2009

nema
Genetic variability and correlations between fertility traits monitored in progeny tests of Holstein Friesian bulls
Authors: Djedovic Radica , Latinovic Dusan , Bogdanovic Vladan , Trifunovic Gligorije , Petrovic Milan
Published: September 2009

nema
Reproductive characteristics of Simmental breed bull dams
Authors: Pantelic Vlada , Skalicki Zlatko , Petrovic Milan , Kucevic Denis
Published: September 2009

Cattle reproduction is most significant production phase because in this phase heads of cattle for maintaining of the herd are provided, as well as for dairy production and fattening - production of meat. The effect of year and season of calving on age at first conception, duration of pregnancy duration of service period, interval between calving, etc. is investigated in the paper. Bull dams of Simmental breed selected on farms of individual agricultural producers were investigated. The method of Least Squares LSMLMW(Harvey 1987) was used for analysis of the effect of year and season of calving on reproductive traits. Year of calving had significant effect on duration of service period and interval between calving (p<0.05), while season influenced significantly only the duration of service period (p<0.05). Mean values of the general average were following: for age at first conception - 517.61 days; duration of pregnancy 285.51 days; duration of service period 108.98 days; duration of interval between calving 395.34 days.
Investigation of milk traits of same Simmental bulls' daughters in Germany and Serbia
Authors: Kucevic Denis , Waehner M. , Petrovic Milan , Pantelic Vlada
Published: September 2009

More important milk traits of Fl generation daughters of German Simmental bulls, in production conditions in Germany and Serbia are investigated in this paper. Progeny testing in conditions in Serbia included in average 26 daughters and in Germany considerably more - 1122. Based on compared results considerably greater absolute difference in quantity of produced milk was determined in Fl generation in Germany (1057kg) with level of significance of (p<0,05*). Statistically highly significant difference (p<0,01**) was established for quantity of milk fat and content of milk fat. Daughters investigated in Germany have realized higher production.
Molecular characterization of Bulgarian livestock genetic resources: 1. Genetic diversity in Bulgarian grey cattle as revealed by microsatellite markers
Authors: Teneva Atanaska , Todorovska Elena , Tyufekchiev Nikolai , Kozelov Lasar , Atanassov Atanas , Foteva Svetla , Ralcheva Simona , Zlatarev Stoijan
Published: September 2009

nema
Carcass traits, blood serum and meat lipid fractions in Polish Landrace pigs differing in RYR1 genotype
Authors: Janik A. , Barowicz T. , Pieszka M. , Migdai W.
Published: September 2009

The aim of study was to investigate the effect of RYR1 genotypes on carcass traits and lipid fractions in blood serum and musculus longissimus dorsi of Polish Landrace pigs. The fatteners with RYR1CRYR1 genotype had lower level of triglycerides, total cholesterol, HDL- and LDL cholesterol in blood serum than individuals from RYR1CRYR1C group. The same group of animals had lower amount of intramuscular fat and cholesterol in comparison to homozygotes RYR1CRYR1C. The intramuscular fat of heterozygotes contained less saturated fatty acids, but more unsaturated fatty acids including polyunsaturated acids. The RYR1 genotype had no significant effect on all studied traits in Polish Landrace fatteners.
Effect of mono and polyunsaturated fatty acids on muscle cholesterol level in fattening pigs
Authors: Pieszka M. , Barowicz T. , Migdalt W. , Zivkovic Branislav
Published: September 2009

The effect of supplementing fattening pigs with oils differing in MUFA (monounusaturated fatty acids) and PUFA (polyunsaturated fatty acids) level addition for fatteners diets on the cholesterol content of m. longissimus was investigated. In a feeding trial with 48 crossbred pigs [? ($ White Polish Large x S Polish Landrace) x <$ Pietrain] randomly assigned to four treatments groups of 12 animals each (6 gilts and 6 barrows), dietary supplements of 3% maize, sunflower or linseed oil in the experimental groups and of 3% lard in the control group were applied. Total cholesterol in the longissimus muscle of linseed oil supplemented pigs was found to decrease significantly (PO.01) compared to the lard-fed pigs (60.75 vs. 71.37 mg/100 g of fresh tissue). Similar tendencies for reduced cholesterol level in longissimus muscle of sunflower and maize oil supplemented pigs were also noted. The production of pork with reduced total cholesterol seems to be important in terms of consumer health and culinary value.
The effect of natural zeolite on fattening lambs production results
Authors: Stojkovic Jovan , Adamovic Milan , Lemic Jovan , Jasovic Boban
Published: September 2009

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Immunization against LHRH in ewes for suppressing reproductive functions and possibilities of using PMSG or LHRH in restoring reproductive functions in LHRH immunized ewes
Authors: Gokdal O. , Atay O. , Ulker H. , Yarah E. , Helva I.B. , Deavila D.M. , Reeves H.J.
Published: September 2009

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Raising meat type chickens on a range
Authors: Milosevic Niko , Peric Lidija , Strugar Vladimir
Published: September 2009

In the last few decades, production of poultry meat has been transformed into the most intensive, almost industrial production. This resulted in short periods of fattening, five to six production cycles during year and quick turnover of capital. Unfortunately, intensive production of chicken meat led to deterioration of carcass and meat quality (tasteless meat, high content of fat) while on the other side, consumer demands became very high. They prefer "healthy" meat from free range chickens, without any residues of drugs pesticides, herbicides, hormones and other growth stimulators. This paper is a review of different possibilities for raising meat type chickens in extensive systems together with their main technological characteristics.
Chosen reproductive indicators of Shetland mares
Authors: Luszczynski J. , Kulisa Maria , Pieszka Magdalena , Dlugosz Boguslawa , Florczyk Anna
Published: September 2009

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Organic selenium in nutrition of chicken in fattening
Authors: Jokic Zivan , Joksimovic-Todorovic Mirjana , Davidovic Vesna
Published: September 2009

The goal of this research was to investigate the effect of various levels of organic selenium (selenized yeast) on the weight gain and feed utilization of chicken in fattening. The experiment was carried out on 120 chicken of line hybrid Hybro-PN, divided into four groups (treatments), lasting six weeks. All groups of chicken were fed complete mixtures, while selenium was added to feed in the form of selenized yeast, in quantities of 0 (Group I); 0.3 (II) 0.6 (III), or 0.9mg/kg (IV). Chicken were measured, and care was taken to keep groups uniform (Groups: I - 36.17g; II - 37.01g; III - 37.16g, and IV 36.59g). During the experiment, every seven days, body weight of all animals was measured, as well as feed consumption for each experimental group. At the end of fattening, the highest body weight was established for chicken in Group III (2647.50g), followed by chicken in Groups II and IV (2595.89 and 2526.55g). Mentioned values were statistically significant (PO.01) by chicken and groups (2309.lg). Average daily feed consumption during the whole fattening period was highest in Group III, and lowest in Group I. For the last week of fattening it amounted to 196.38g (Group III), i.e. 179.41g (Group I). However, for chicken in Groups II and IV, these values were somewhat lower, as compared to chicken in Group III (190.50 and 185.15g). Food consumption per 1 kg gain was lowest in groups fed rations with added organic selenium (Group II - 1.65; III and IV - 1.67). Chicken in group I had the worst feed conversion (1.73).
Biometric parameters of Arabian mares from polish studs between 1945-2002
Authors: Pieszka Magdalena , Kulisa Maria , Luszczynski J. , Dlugosz Boguslawa
Published: September 2009

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Growth and reproduction traits of white improved pigs housed in three types of pen technology
Authors: Matta Marcel , Flak Pavel , Paska Ivan , Vano Maros
Published: September 2009

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Frequency of ESR, FSHB, HAL, MYF-4 and PRUM genes by analysis of reproduction traits of white meaty sows and their crosses
Authors: Vano Maros , Flak Pavel , Kovac Lubomir , Matta Marcel , Matousek Vaclav
Published: September 2009

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The bones quality of fattening chickens during the feeding with different sources of phosphorus
Authors: Radovic Vera , Bogosavljevic-Boskovic Snezana , Rajic Isidor
Published: September 2009

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The effect of different source and chromium level in ration on broiler breast musculature
Authors: Tolimir Natasa , Pavlovski Zlatica , Koljajic V. , Mitrovic S. , Anokic N.
Published: September 2009

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Production characteristics of domestic Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) cultivars in agroecological conditions of Srem district
Authors: Nesic Zorica , Tomic Zorica , Zujovic Miroslav , Krnjaja Vesna
Published: September 2009

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The number of microorganisms in the soil under different grass-leguminous mixtures
Authors: Mandic Leka , Djukic Dragutin , Stevovic Vladeta
Published: September 2009

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Effect of nitrogen and phosphorus on soybean yield and nutritive value
Authors: Nedic Milan , Zivanovic Ljubisa , Kolaric Ljubisa , Vukovic Zoran , Jovanovic Bogdan
Published: September 2009

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Basic phytocenological and economical characteristics of natural meadows and pastures of Serbia
Authors: Kojic Momcilo , Mrfat-Vukelic Slavica , Djordjevic-Milosevic Suzana
Published: September 2009

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The effect of salt on myoglobin forms of cattle and pig muscles
Authors: Walczycka Maria , Nowak Marzena , Kolczak Tadeusz.
Published: September 2009

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Determination of boar taint in fat and meat
Authors: Stamenkovic Tadija , Devic Biljana
Published: September 2009

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The effect of heat treatment on the free fatty acids in ewe's milk
Authors: Regula Agata , Boncza Genowefa , Pustkowiak H.
Published: September 2009

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Criteria of consumers in purchasing beef in retail store
Authors: Ostojic Dusica , Bogdanovic Vladan , Petrovic M.M. , Aleksic Stevica , Miscevic B. , Pantelic V.
Published: September 2009

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Species identification in meat origin farm animals through DNA technology
Authors: Ahmed M.M.
Published: September 2009

RAPD fingerprint technique was used on several meat sources to identify the species. The tested meat species were: Buffalo, Cattle, Goat and Sheep. Eighteen primers as a single, short oligonucleiotides were used to detect the species by fingerprint and genetic similarity as band sharing (BS) among these four species. By comparison between all four species, the band sharing average values were [51.0, 45.0, 59.0, 41.0, 48.0 and 70.0%] respectively. In respect of comparison, the comparison between Goat and Sheep showed high similarities while between Cattle and Goat showed low similarities. The genetic similarity as BS values ranged from 41.0 to 70.0 % respectively. The results showed that RAPD analysis provided a rapid and effective method to detect the genetic variation of different species. Also the results showed that RAPD analysis produced clear fingerprints from the products analyzed for which the species could be easily identified.
Selection of Simmental cattle on beef and meatiness traits in Serbia
Authors: Bogdanovic Vladan , Djedovic Radica , Petrovic Milan
Published: September 2009

Population of domestic Simmental breed represents a dominant population of cattle in Serbia. According to importance of this breed, selection so far has been made in order to improve milk production. In other hand, beef and meatiness traits almost were ignored. Selection of dual-purpose cattle requires combining a various breeding goals and selection methods that are very differ from those applied in pure dairy or beef herds. Improving of beef and meatiness traits in our dominant cattle population will have great importance in future. The aim of this paper is to show possibility of selection for beef and meatiness traits in Serbian Simmental cattle.
Investigation of major fattening traits of male crosses F1 generation of German fleckvieh breed and domestic Simmental breed
Authors: Kucevic Denis , Waehner Martin , Petrovic Milan , Pantelic Vlada
Published: September 2009

Major fattening and growth traits of performance tested bulls from two groups are presented in this paper. Bulls obtained in pure breed Fleckvieh x Fleckvieh were investigated/evaluated in test stations in Germany, and male crosses with Domestic Simmental cows in domestic centers for AI (Krnjaca and Velika Plana). In observing two groups of young bulls statistically significant differences were registered (p< 0,01**) for following traits chest depth, chest girth, and daily gain, whereas for body mass at the end of test and height of withers differences were at level p> 0,05 ns. Group of young bulls F x F tested in Germany achieved in average greater chest depth and chest girth and realized higher daily gains during test period. Group of crosses tested in our conditions in domestic test stations realized higher values for length of carcass and almost identical body mass at the end of test period. In other words, improvement of production traits and correction of exterior characteristics of domestic population of cattle through import of breeding animals and their semen is justified only when positively tested breeding material is imported which is adequate for our purpose and breeding objective.
Effect of genotype and order of farrowing on variation of fertility traits in pigs
Authors: Kosovac Olga , Petrovic Milica , Zivkovic Branislav , Fabjan Mihal , Radovic Cedomir
Published: September 2009

Investigations were carried out in single pig herd. It included 9 genotypes of sows (4 breeds and 5 groups of crosses of different crossing combinations) and 25.040 of their litters. Traits such as size of litter of Swedish Landrace sows (18.511 litters) and crosses of Fl generation (4651 litters) obtained by crossing of Swedish Landrace (SL) sows and boars of Large White breed (LW) were especially investigated. Second part of the investigation related to effect of sire (SL. LW and D) and dam breed (SL and SLxLW) on average demonstration and variability of number of live born piglets in first seven farrowings. Standard mathematical-statistical methods were applied in order to evaluate average demonstration and variability of the trait litter size. Effect of parent genotype and order of farrowing on variability of traits was evaluated using the variance analysis. Testing of differences in average values was carried out using t-test. Results of the variance analysis (table 2) show that sow genotype and order of farrowing had highly significant effect (P< 0,01) on investigated traits. In investigated herd and between investigated sow-genotypes average number of live born piglets (from 8.50 to 10,37), still born piglets (from 0,30 to 0,79) and reared piglets (from 6,75 to 8,44). Only the difference of average values for number of still born piglets between sows SL and SlxLW had no statistical significance. Investigation of the effect of dam and sire breed on average demonstration and variability of number of live born piglets per farrwoings (table 4) indicates that sows of SL breed mated with boars of LW breed produced more liveborn piglets compared to sows of SL breed mated with SL boars in all farrowings (from +0,30 to +0,69 piglets). These sows, from fourth to seventh farrowing farrowed more than 11 live piglets, which means that individual heterosis effect was displayed (3 to 7%). Mating of sow crosses of Fl generation (SLxLW) with boars of Durroc breed caused no increase of number of live born piglets in litter compared to rearing in pure breed (except in 3rd farrowing) or two breed crossing.
Phenotypic and genetic correlation of fertility traits of Swedish landrace sows
Authors: Radojkovic Dragan , Petrovic Milica , Mijatovic Milan , Radovic Ivan
Published: September 2009

The aims of this paper were: determination of correlation between fertility traits both at phenotypic and at genetic level, determination of dependency of exsamined parameters from the analysed data size as well as determination of influence of data corrections on correlations between traits. Phenotypic correlation between litter size and weight did not confirm after correction for NWP and LWW. Between NLB and NTB phenotypic correlation was complete (from rP=0.922 to rP=0.929) and statistical very significant (P<0.01). Genetic correlation among traits were in range from low (rG=0.230, NWP:TNB) to complete (rG=1.197, cNWP:NLB). So wide range for genetic correlation was consequence of analyzed data set. Statistical significance for obtained parameters were high (P<0.01).