bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Economic dynamics of high-tech product creation: Applied aspects
Authors: LEONOV Aleksandr V. , PRONIN Aleksei Yu.
Published: May 2023

Subject. The article considers applied and theoretical aspects of economic dynamics of high-tech product creation in government scientific and technological programs and projects.
Objectives. The aim is to develop universal methodological and economic-mathematical tools to manage economic dynamics at the stages of substantiation, formation, and implementation of scientific and technological programs and plans for high-tech product creation, taking into account its specifics and various risks in the current military, political, and economic situation in the world.
Methods. The paper rests on comprehensive analysis of theoretical concepts and current trends in economic dynamics, together with applied aspects of economic dynamics of high-tech product creation in State scientific and technological programs and projects, and employs the systems and synergetic approach.
Results. The integrated approach enabled to create a basic ontological model for studying applied aspects of economic dynamics. Using the model, we developed: an endogenous model of economic dynamics in joint planning of creation and use of existing, developed, and future products; methodological principle of multi-level representation and evaluation of economic dynamics, the algorithm of its practical use and areas of application. We consider the substantiation and practical use of this principle to be among the most important results of the study of applied aspects of economic dynamics.
Conclusions. The findings can be used to design scientific and technological programs and projects for various purposes, determine ways and means of sustainable innovative and technological development of the country, ensure defense and national security of the Russian Federation.
هێشوه‌ نه‌بزوێن (كۆنسنانت) د شێوه‌زارێ به‌هدینیێدا
Authors: Jamal Tawfiq Vajen
Published: May 2023

ئه‌ڤ ڤه‌كۆلینه‌ ب ناڤونیشانێ (هێشوه‌ نه‌بزوێن (كۆنسنانت) د شێوه‌زارێ به‌هدینیێدا)، تێدا هه‌وڵ هاتییه‌ دان، به‌حسێ لایه‌نێن هێشوه‌ كۆنسنانتان د شێوه‌زارێ به‌هدینیێدا بهێته‌كرن، هه‌روه‌سا ل دویڤ ڕێبازا وه‌سفى هاتییه‌ ئه‌نجامدان و گرنگترین ئه‌نجامێن د ئه‌ڤێ ڤه‌كۆڵینێدا به‌رچاڤدكه‌ڤن ئه‌ون، كو ژ ئه‌نجامێ ڕێزبوونا دوو كۆنسنانتان یان پتر بێى كو ڤاوڵه‌ك د ناڤبه‌را فۆنیماندا بهێت و ل دویڤ یاسایێن بڕگێن ئه‌ڤى شێوه‌زارى هێشوه‌ كۆنسنانت پێك دهێن ل ده‌ستپێك و ناڤه‌ڕاسست و دوماهیا بڕگێدا. هه‌روه‌سا بۆ پێكهینانا هێشوه‌ ڤاوڵان بووچونێن جودا هه‌نه‌ د زمانێ كوردیدا ب گشتى و شێوه‌زارێ به‌هدینیێدا ب تایبه‌تى.
eXtreme Gradient Boosting Algorithm with Machine Learning: a Review
Authors: Arif Ali Zeravan , H. Abduljabbar Ziyad , A. Tahir Hanan , Bibo Sallow Amira , Almufti Saman M.
Published: May 2023

The primary task of machine learning is to extract valuable information from the data that is generated every day, process it to learn from it, and take useful actions. Original language process, pattern detection, search engines, medical diagnostics, bioinformatics, and chemical informatics are all examples of application areas for machine learning. XGBoost is a recently released machine learning algorithm that has shown exceptional capability for modeling complex systems and is the most superior machine learning algorithm in terms of prediction accuracy and interpretability and classification versatility. XGBoost is an enhanced distributed scaling enhancement library that is built to be extremely powerful, adaptable, and portable. It uses augmented scaling to incorporate machine learning algorithms. it is a parallel tree boost that addresses a variety of data science problems quickly and accurately. Python remains the language of choice for scientific computing, data science, and machine learning, which boosts performance and productivity by enabling the use of clean low-level libraries and high-level APIs. This paper presents one of the most prominent supervised and semi-supervised learning (SSL) machine learning algorithms in a Python environment.
Penambahan Tepung Ampas Tahu dan Tepung Kulit Buah Naga Terhadap Tepung Premiks Pancake
Authors: Kurniasari Nur Itsna , Wibisono Yossi
Published: May 2023

Pancakes are pancakes made from several ingredients, namely eggs, flour, sugar, and water. These ingredients are mixed with water to form a thick dough and then fried on a flat pan (Teflon) which is smeared with a little oil. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of adding tofu dregs flour and dragon fruit pancake skin flour on water content and protein content. This study used a Randomized Block Design (RAK) consisting of 3 formulations with the addition of tofu dregs flour A1 (10%), A2 (20%), A3 (30%) and dragon fruit peel flour by 10% the same in all treatments. From the results of this study, it shows that the more addition of tofu dregs flour, the more water content and protein content.
O hospital como espaço de atuação para o pedagogo
Authors: Rabuske Juliana Maria Fischer , Horn Cláudia Inês
Published: May 2023

O artigo apresenta resultados de uma pesquisa que teve como objetivo investigar a prática do pedagogo inserido no Atendimento Escolar Hospitalar. O Atendimento Escolar Hospitalar constitui um importante apoio pedagógico, mantendo a criança hospitalizada interligadas às suas atividades escolares e, ao mesmo tempo, torna-se um campo potente de atuação profissional do pedagogo. A metodologia da pesquisa apoiou-se em uma pesquisa de campo realizada em um hospital do estado de Santa Catarina, com diversos instrumentos metodológicos de produção de dados, como observações, entrevistas e registros em diário de campo. Por fim, constatou-se que o pedagogo que atua no contexto hospitalar assume um papel de humanizador em sua prática docente, precisando estar articulado com toda a equipe de atendimento da criança hospitalizada.
PROGRAMA DE APOYO PARA LA REINCORPORACION POST-COVID 19 DE ATLETAS DE INICIACIÓN DEPORTIVA

Authors: Martínez Requeiro Ariadna , Cabrera Ruiz Isaac Irán , Méndez López Angel Joel
Published: May 2023

La investigación propone un programa de apoyo social a atletas de gimnasia rítmica para la reincorporación a la práctica de deportes post-COVID-19. La investigación siguió un enfoque cualitativo constructivo interpretativo. Fueron seleccionadas 12 atletas de Gimnasia Rítmica de la Escuela de Iniciación Deportiva de Cienfuegos. Se aplicó el cuestionario cualitativo de percepción social de la COVID- 19. Los principales resultados revelan una significación negativa de la pandemia como fenómeno epidemiológico, desde el referente de su definición y consecuencias, el enfrentamiento y las medidas de protección, así como de los malestares psicológicos vividos. Las necesidades, temores y malestares se expresan principalmente en torno a la actividad deportiva y la actividad de estudio. Las demandas de apoyo social expresadas se basan en acciones de apoyo social emocional, instrumental e informacional. El programa está estructurado por tres proyectos: servicios de salud mental, acompañamiento psicosocial en el contexto deportivo y apoyo social a la familia. Las principales estrategias que emplea son apoyo social a domicilio, tele-grupos de apoyo social, capacitación, método narrativo, dispositivo grupal y orientación psicológica. Contiene la planificación de la evaluación y monitoreo de la implementación y los resultados.
معوقات النظام البرلماني في العراق بعد عام 2003
Authors: الدليمي الباحثة سجى عادل إبراهيم , أ.د حازم صباح أحميد
Published: May 2023

ينطلق هذا البحث في دراسة معمقة للتحديات التي يعاني منها النظام البرلماني في العراق ومنذ عام 2005؛ أي منذ اقرار دستور العراق الدائم لعام 2005. إذ أن هناك جملة من التحديات التي يعاني منها النظام البرلماني المطبق في العراق؛ منها ما هو سياسي ومنها ما هو أمني. ومنها ما هو اجتماعي واقتصادي. وكذلك منها ما هو داخلي ومنها ما هو خارجي. فكل تلك التحديات أثرّت بشكل كبير على فاعلية ودور المؤسسات السياسية في العراق وبتوفير الدعائم الأزمة لقيام النظام السياسي بإداء دوره والأسس التي يقوم عليها.
ركائز حروب الجيل السادس وأثرها في استراتيجيات القوى الفاعلة في النظام الدولي
Authors: يونس م.د. .يونس مؤيد
Published: May 2023

الحروب بين القوى الفاعلة في النظام الدولي شهدت انتقالات نوعية في اجيالها خلال المراحل التاريخية التي مرت بها الشعوب في صراعاتها، فتطورت أجيال الحروب المتعاقبة لتلبي الاحتياجات المتزايدة لإدارة تلك الصراعات في شتى أنحاء العالم، وبذلك انتقلت أجيال الحروب عبر السنين من مرحلة إلى أخرى واليوم نحن على اعتاب حروب الجيل السادس، وركائز هذه الحرب قد تم توظيفها في الصراع القائم بين قوى المحافظة والقوى التغييرية في النظام الدولي، وحروب هذا الجيل ستدار بأنظمة ذكية، وستحصد نتائج ذكية عبر تكنولوجيا الروبوتات والإلكترونيات والأتمتة ونظم الأسلحة ذاتية التشغيل، إلى جانب ابتكارات أخرى، أحدى مخرجات الثورة الصناعية الرابعة، والتطورات البايولوجية اذ ستعمل هذه التقنيات على اتاحة امكانية المواجهة والتلقائية ضد مصادر التهديد، ثم عسكرة الفضاء التي ستؤثر على ديناميكيات الصراع العسكري في المستقبل.
اتجاهات فهم دور الفاعلين الدوليين فى العلاقات الدولية–دراسة مسحية فى الأدبيات المعاصرة
Authors: عبد الصمد ا.م.د. نهاد أحمد مكرم أحمد
Published: May 2023

يدور البحث حول رؤية الاتجاهات الفكرية للفاعلين الدوليين ودورهم فى العلاقات الدولية، حيث يعد ظهور كيانات جديدة من غير الدول من الظواهر التى اتخذت موقعاً مهماً فى تحليلات الكثيرين من الباحثين و الأكاديميين المنشغلين بحقل العلاقات الدولية ،الأمر الذى جعل البعض يشير إلى تنوعاتها ودورها المتنامى الذى أصبح يوازي دور الدولة، إن لم يكن بديلا عنه في بعض الأحيان. وكما هو مرصود فقد اتخذت تلك الكيانات أشكالا متعددة منها؛ المنظمات الدولية الحكومية، و غير الحكومية ما أصطلح حديثًا على تسميتها بمؤسسات "المجتمع المدني الدولي"، وجماعات الضغط الدولية، إلى جانب الهيئات أو المؤسسات دولية النشاط؛ كالشركات متعددة الجنسيات، فضلا عن التنظيمات الفوضوية ذات التوجهات والأهداف الدولية فى إشارة واضحة لدور التنظيمات الإرهابية، وحركات الكفاح المسلح؛ والتي أصبحت تحتل موقعا ضمن قوائم الإرهاب الدولي.

فالملاحظ؛ أن هذه المؤسسات و تلك الكيانات قد تزايد عددها بشكل مطرد خلال السنوات الأخيرة، وإن كانت نشأة البعض منها تعود إلى سنوات طويلة سابقة، كهيئة الأمم المتحدة، و اللجنة الدولية للصليب الأحمر، إلا أنه وبصفة عامة هناك ما يشبه الاتفاق العام لدى الباحثين على التسليم بحقيقة أن تلك الكيانات وغيرها من الأنماط الأخرى-على اختلاف أنواعها ومراكزها القانونية- قد أسهمت بشكل أو بأخر برفع درجة كثافة التفاعلات والأحداث في منظومة العلاقات الدولية، إلى الحد الذي قاد البعض إلى التحدث صراحة عن سياسة مدنية عالمية World Civic Politics.ومن المهم الإشارة أيضا إلى إسهامات المدارس الفكرية فى تفسير دور هؤلاء  الفاعلين ومدى تأثيراتهم فى البيئة الدولية ،وهذا ما حاول البحث التطرق إليه بالرصد و التحليل .
On the Issue of Conflict Potential of Socio-Political Discourse in the Russian Blogosphere
Authors: Ilyin D. N. , Mukhamedzhanova A. M. , Pomigueva E. A.
Published: May 2023

This article examines the features of socio-political discourse based on the texts of online blogs of public opinion leaders —I. Varlamov, Yu. Latynina, R. Kadyrov, N. Mikhalkov, S. Mikheev, and M. Simonyan. The purpose of the article is to determine the degree of conflictogenicity of the texts of the Russian blogosphere, specifically the blogs of media personalities, public opinion leaders; the results obtained will provide for predicting and preventing the occurrence of conflict situations by establishing and reducing the conflict index of the text, the main indicator of which is frequency of the corresponding lexical markers. The authors distinguish several subtypes of socio-political discourse and their features. The genre specificity of such new media phenomenon as Internet blog is considered. There is a high degree of conflictogenicity in analytical texts, signaled by specific lexical markers identified with the help of the content analysis method. Foreign policy texts, regardless of their authors’ personal views, appear to have the greatest number of conflict markers, which means that political analytics, the object of consideration of which lies in the plane of international and intercultural communication, has a significant degree of conflict potential. In the Internet, as in journalism in general, the addressees of texts and the addressees of conflicting vocabulary are not the same due to the specificity of discursive space, in which direct recipients of information are blog subscribers, who as a rule have a political orientation close to that of the author. The very same conflicting vocabulary refers to persons who occupy the opposite position. The manifestation of conflictogenicity in blog texts is analyzed at three levels: stylistic, semantic and pragmatic, which makes it possible to identify all the features of conflictogenicity markers in the liberal, patriotic and official subtypes of socio-political discourse. The specificity of such features is revealed in each of the three main subtypes of the Internet discourse: liberal, patriotic and official. In the authors’ blogs under analysis, the highest index of conflict is characteristic of texts belonging to the liberal subtype of socio-political discourse due to the greater frequency of use of the units related to lexical markers of conflict, their stylistically reduced modality—up to obscene words. At the same time, the conflict nature of the patriotic and official subtypes is closer to the traditional journalism style and shows less expressiveness in the use of metaphors, irony, phraseology, words with a seme of direct negative evaluation.
National and Cultural Marking of Russian and Chinese Phraseological Units with Nominations of Alcoholic Beverages
Authors: Ma L.
Published: May 2023

In this article, we describe from linguocultural point of view phraseological units of the Russian and Chinese languages with the nominations of alcoholic beverages, which form a separate group in the thematic field “Food”; we are taking into account the priority of the anthropocentric paradigm in modern linguistics. We also study the degree of their phraseoactivity, carry out a comparative analysis of set expressions in order to identify the universal and unique in the semantics and figurativeness of these units, and consider the main types of interlingual correlation (coincidences and discrepancies) of phraseological units. The material of the study was represented by 107 Russian and 95 Chinese phraseological units with the nomination/nominations of alcoholic beverages selected in accordance with a wide understanding of phraseology by continuous sample from one- and bilingual phraseological, linguistic, explanatory and etymological dictionaries of the Chinese and Russian languages. The analysis of the studied material showed that a distinctive feature of Russian phraseologisms is a variety of nominations of alcohol (вино ‘wine’, пиво ‘beer’, мед ‘mead’, водка ‘vodka’, брага ‘mash’, хмельное ‘hoppy’), the presence of diminutive variants of the names, as well as the use of various seeds in the composition one expression. The most phraseoactive in Russian sustainable expressions is the вино (‘wine’) component (about 55 %) in two meanings: ‘grape wine’ and ‘vodka’. In the Chinese phraseology, the general designation of alcohol 酒 [jiǔ] (‘alcohol’; ‘alcoholic drinks’;‘vodka’) constitutes 95 %, all other nominations include this morpheme and are presented by isolated phenomena. The anthropocentric nature of phraseological units is reflected in the description of the properties of a human nature, personal qualities, emotional and physical state, the characteristics of social behavior and interpersonal relations. In relations of partial equivalence, about 10 % of the studied phraseologisms are located, 90 % are non-equivalent units with national and cultural originality, which is manifested in structural, grammatical, lexical, stylistic, semantic properties, as well as in figurative component.
Comparative Analysis of Terms in the Interdisciplinary Terminological Dictionary
Authors: Timofeeva M. K.
Published: May 2023

The paper discusses the ongoing project of creating an interdisciplinary comparative dictionary of linguistic and logical terms. The dictionary includes overlapping terms used in both disciplines. The aim of the comparison consists in analyzing differences in understanding and use of the overlapping terms of linguistics and logic, and in revealing differential and integral features expressing these differences. The proposed dictionary is primarily intended for supporting interdisciplinary communication. A number of methodological issues and their solutions for this pair of scientific disciplines are discussed (defining the domains of knowledge taken into account, requirements for the metalanguage of description). As an example, the analysis of the term predicate—one of the basic terms of linguistics and logic—is presented. Six groups of differential features have been revealed and described; the tradition of the use of the term logic in linguistics and the influence of this tradition on understanding the possibilities of a predicate are considered.
Consolation Gestures as Non-Verbal Markers of Stress when Discussing an Acute Social Issue
Authors: Gornostaeva Yu. A. , Kolmogorova P. A.
Published: May 2023

The article is devoted to the issue of identifying non-verbal stress markers in oral discourse on an acute social topic. The relevance of the research is due to: 1) the growing interest of linguists in the study of linguistic manifestations of emotions and the identification of markers of various psycho-emotional states with the subsequent possibility of developing algorithms for their automatic detection; 2) the severity of the problem of stress in modern society. The novelty of the study is predetermined by the fact that it is focused on a specific type of communicative behavior (discussion of an acute social issue) studied from the perspective of multimodal linguistics postulating an inextricable link between understanding and generating messages in natural language and body actions. The goal of the paper is to identify and describe non-verbal stress markers that we call consolation gestures, allowing us to identify this psychoemotional state in the course of spontaneous oral communication. The research material is represented by 4 hours of structured interview video recordings with 11 French and 11 Russian respondents (average age – 21) on the topic of radical body positivity. The leading research method is multimodal analysis, implemented using multi-layer markup in the ELAN program. In the process of marking, the following types of layers were used: gestures, eye movements, facial expressions, verbal component, intonation. The statistical analysis of frequency and distribution of annotations have revealed the following consolation gestures: 1) stroking different parts of the body; 2) scratching different parts of the body, 3) interacting with other objects, 4) facial markers. Consolation gestures are regarded by us as a kind of body-oriented repetitive behavior disorders, which allows us to differentiate them from gestures that are hesitation/silence fillers. Thus, the following constitutive features are determined: 1) repetition of the action, 2) focus on the body, 3) features conditioned by a sense of tension or anxiety rather than by preoccupation with appearance, 4) a subsequent sense of relief and emotional discharge. The prospect of further research is seen in the expansion of experimental material through interviews with representatives of other linguocultures, followed by interpreting the results in the cross-cultural perspective.
High-Level Semantic Interpretation of the Russian Static Models Structure
Authors: Serikov O. A. , Geneeva V. A. , Aksenova A. A. , Klyshinskiy E. S.
Published: May 2023

Since its inception, the Word2vec vector space has become a universal tool both for scientific and practical activities. Over time, it became clear that there is a lack of new methods for interpreting the location of words in vector spaces. The existing methods included consideration of analogies or clustering of a vector space. In recent years, an approach based on probing—analysis of the impact of small changes in the model on the result—has been actively developed. In this paper, we propose a new method for interpreting the arrangement of words in a vector space, applicable for the high-level interpretation of the entire space as a whole. The method provides for identifying the main directions which are selecting large groups of words (about a third of all the words in the model’s dictionary) and opposing them by some semantic features. The method allows us to build a shallow hierarchy of such features. We conducted our experiments on three models trained in different corpora: Russian National Corpus, Araneum Russicum and a collection of scientific articles from different subject domains. For our experiments, we used only nouns from the models’ dictionaries. The article considers an expert interpretation of such division up to the third level. The set of selected features and their hierarchy differ from model to model, but they have a lot in common. We have found that the identified semantic features depend on the texts comprising a corpus used for the model training, their subject domain, and style. The resulting division of words does not always correlate with the common sense used for ontology development. For example, one of the coinciding features is the abstract or material nature of the object. However, at the upper level of models, words are divided into everyday/special lexis, archaic lexis, proper names and common nouns. The article provides examples of words included in the derived groups.
Lexico-Semantic Field of POST-TRUTH through the Prism of its Russian Correspondences Istina and Pravda
Authors: Fefelov A. F.
Published: May 2023

This article is a review of the works by R. Keyes, F. I. Girenok, O. V. Khlebnikova, L. McIntyre on the issue of post-truth the author’s terminological comments. On their conceptual basis and lexical material, an attempt is made to identify the potential composition of the lexico-semantic field of this yet loosely-formed lexeme through its combinations with various nouns, indicators of its subject interpretation. English-language dictionaries define the lexeme only as an adjective, while in subject analytics it begins to be analyzed as a separate concept. With regard to its synonymic, antonymic and associative relationships, two areas of conceptual interpretation are revealed: broad and narrow. The former analyzes the discourse about post-truth from the standpoint of science and traditional ethics, developed under the influence of classical Christian texts. The narrow one, which is not considered in this review, focuses on shifts in goals, technologies, mechanisms, and, above all, the rhetoric of mass socio-political communication in the countries of the “collective West”, revealing changes in information channels both at the sender and recipient levels. The methodological specificity of the article lies in the fact that the semantic analysis of lexical units related to post-truth and its claim to novelty is carried out against the background of a historical dialogue of Anglo-American, French and Russian cultures on the issue of truth, vérité, pravda and istina, represented in the statements and quotes by writers, philosophers and scientists about these concepts. Much attention is paid, therefore, to identifying the correlation of the post-truth and truth semantics with its Russian correspondences pravda and istina not only in lexicographic sources but, first of all, in the translation of statements, made by the author.
Análise dos fatores de risco para o desenvolvimento de fragilidade óssea em portadores de Diabetes mellitus tipo 2
Authors: Oliveira Ana Clara Moura de , Medeiros Luma de Melo , Araújo Fernando Costa , Lima Glauce Leão , Queiroz Izabela Carneiro de , Sá Laís Miléo Gomes , Azevedo Ana Luísa Queiroz de , Domingues Eduardo de Pinho , Rymsza Gabriel Pacheco , Melo Renata Amanajás de
Published: May 2023

Objetivo: Analisar a presença de fatores de risco associados ao desenvolvimento de fragilidade óssea em pacientes diabéticos tipo 2. Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo transversal, observacional e analítico descritivo, a partir da aplicação de questionário próprio e análise de prontuários de pacientes diabéticos, no período de junho e agosto de 2022, selecionados por amostra de conveniência. Resultados: Foram analisados 80 pacientes, sendo 72,5% do sexo feminino, com idade entre 51-70 anos (58,8%), com diagnóstico de diabetes há mais de 10 anos (52,5%) e hemoglobina glicada em valores inferiores ou iguais a 8,5% (77,5%). Dentre os pesquisados, identificou-se como risco adicional para o desenvolvimento de fragilidade óssea: uso de medicações antidiabéticas que tenham efeito no metabolismo ósseo e/ou que aumentam o risco de hipoglicemia (66,3%), história de tabagismo (48,8%), uso crônico de corticoesteroides (16,3%) e fratura por fragilidade prévia (8,8%). Somente 42,5% tinham registro de realização de densitometria óssea no prontuário e, destes, a maioria (67,6%) tinha o diagnóstico de osteoporose. Nesta população, o total de 46,3% tinha risco médio de fratura calculado pelo FRAX®. Conclusão: A fragilidade óssea deve ser considerada como uma complicação do diabetes, sendo fundamental o delineamento de estratégias de prevenção e de rastreio dessa condição.
Effects of PechaKucha presentation about prevention of pressure injury on knowledge of elderly care department students: a randomized controlled study
Authors: Damar Hale , Gür Sueda
Published: May 2023

Background: PechaKucha (PK) is a presentation technique that uses visual and narrative presentations consisting of 20 slides, each shown for 20 seconds. Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of the PK presentation on elderly care department students’ knowledge about pressure injury prevention. Methods: This study used a single-blinded randomized control trial. Elderly care department students were randomized to the PK presentation technique (intervention group) and traditional PowerPoint presentations only (control group). The sample of the study consisted of 54 (intervention group = 28, control group = 26) elderly care department students. Data was collected using the Sociodemographic Form and the Pressure Ulcer Prevention Knowledge Assessment Instrument (PUPKAI). PUPKAI was administered before the presentations (pre-test), after the presentations (post-test 1), and 4 weeks after the presentations (post-test 2). Results: Following the presentations, the intervention group's PUPKAI mean score (47.23 ± 11.62) was significantly higher than the control group's mean score (36.64 ± 12.41) (P < .05). Four weeks after completing the education, the intervention group's mean PUPKAI score (43.11 ± 13.72) was significantly higher than the control group's mean score (36.46 ± 12.76) (P < .05). Conclusion: The knowledge level of the elderly care department students was found to be below the satisfactory level. It was determined that the PK presentation increased the knowledge level of the students regarding pressure injury prevention.
The Rocky Road to a Digital Lab
Authors: Sagmeister Peter , Williams Jason D. , Kappe C. Oliver
Published: May 2023

The pharmaceutical industry has begun incorporating continuous manufacturing technology in synthetic routes toward active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). The development of smart manufacturing routes can be accelerated by utilizing digitalization, process analytical technology (PAT), and data-rich experimentation from an early stage. Here, we present the key aspects of implementing automated flow chemistry reactor platforms with real-time process analytics. Based on our experiences in this field, we aim to highlight the potential of these platforms to conduct self-optimization, automated reaction model building, dynamic experiments and to implement advanced process control strategies
Going with the µFlow: Reinterpreting Energy Input in Organic Synthesis
Authors: Vázquez-Amaya Laura Y. , Coppola Guglielmo A. , Van der Eycken Erik V. , Sharma Upendra K.
Published: May 2023

The popularity of microflow chemistry has skyrocketed in the last 20 years, more and more chemists are switching from macro-batch reactors to miniaturized flow devices. As a result, microfluidics is paving its way into the future by consolidating its position in organic chemistry not only as a trend but as a new, effective, and sustainable way of conducting chemistry, that clearly will continue to grow and evolve. This perspective highlights the most relevant examples of innovative enhancing technologies applied to microflow reactors aimed to improve and intensify chemical processes. The extensive applicability of microflow chemistry is further illustrated by briefly discussing examples of complex integrated microsystems and scale-up technologies, demonstrating ultimately that microflow chemistry has the potential to become the ideal technology for the future.
التحديات التي واجهت معلمات رياض الأطفال مع التعليم عن بعد في ظل جائحة كورونا
Authors: الحربي فاطمة علي
Published: May 2023

هدفت الدراسة إلى التعرف على التحديات التي واجهت معلمات رياض الأطفال مع التعليم عن بُعد في ظلّ جائحة كورونا. ولتحقيق اعتمدت الدراسة على المنهج الوصفي التحليلي، وتمثلت أداة الدراسة في الاستبانة والتي تكونت من (40) فقرة، وقامت الباحثة بالتأكد من صدق وثبات الاستبانة، وتكونت عينة الدراسة من (161) معلمة. وتوصلت نتائج الدراسة إلى أن التحديات التي واجهت معلمات رياض الأطفال مع التعليم عن بُعد في ظلّ جائحة كورونا جاءت مرتفعة. ومن أهم التحديات التعليمية والتكنولوجية، توفير البيئة المناسبة لتعليم الأطفال عن بُعد في ظلّ بعض المعيقات كالضوضاء، وأحاديث الأسرة، ضعف تنظيم مشاركة الأطفال في التحدث والاستماع خلال التعليم عن بُعد قد يسبب تشتتًا للمعلمات، ومن أهم التحديات النفسية والاجتماعية، عدم عمل تدريب للأطفال قبل التوجيه للتعليم عن بُعد على استخدام الحاسب الآلي للتعليم، وقلة توافر التدريب المناسب على استراتيجيات التعليم عن بُعد للمعلمات أثناء الخدمة، وأوصت الدراسة بضرورة تطوير التكنولوجية وتنمية معارفهم حول ماهية التعليم عن بُعد، وآلية تطبيق التعليم عن بُعد.
درجة توظيف التعليم المدمج من وجهة نظر مديري ومعلمي المدارس الحكومية الفلسطينية في مديرية نابلس
Authors: حشايكة شيرين عدنان , دروزة أفنان نظير
Published: May 2023

هدفت الدراسة للتعرف على درجة توظيف التعليم المدمج في المدارس الحكومية الفلسطينية في مديرية نابلس كما يراها المديرون والمعلمون، وكذلك التعرف إلى أثر متغيري المسمى الوظيفي والنوع الاجتماعي في وجهات نظر العينة. ولتحقيق اهداف الدراسة تم استخدام المنهج الوصفي المسحي، وتمثلت الأداة في استبانة مكونة من 7 مجالات موزعة في 49 فقرة. وقد تكون مجتمع الدراسة من جميع المديرين والمعلمين ذكورا وإناثا في المدارس الحكومية في مديرية التربية والتعليم في نابلس وعددهم (182) مديرا، و(2967) معلما. وتم توزيع الاستبانة الكترونيا على عينة عشوائية بلغت (504): منهم (82) مديرا (422) معلما من الجنسين في المدارس الحكومية التابعة لمديرية التربية والتعليم في نابلس، وتم معالجة البيانات باستخدام البرنامج الإحصائي SPSS. وتوصلت نتائج الدراسة إلى أنّ توظيف التعليم المدمج في المدارس الحكومية في مديرية نابلس جاء بالنسبة للمديرين بمتوسط (3.33 من5)، وبنسبة (66.6%). وبالنسبة للمعلمين فقد جاء بمتوسط (3.16) وبنسبة (63.2%) وكلاهما بدرجة (متوسطة). كما أظهرت النتائج وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية بين المعلمين والمديرين ولصالح المديرين، ولم تظهر فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية تعزى لمتغير النوع الاجتماعي. وفي ضوء النتائج أوصت الباحثتان بتحسين أداء الطاقم المدرسي من قبل المسؤولين في وزارة التربية والتعليم بالتعاون مع الطلبة وذويهم، لتحسين توظيف التعليم المدمج في المدارس الحكومية الفلسطينية، وضرورة التأكد من توظيف التعليم المدمج في المدارس الحكومية باعتبار مجالات الدراسة الحالية السبعة التي جاءت جميعها بدرجة متوسطة، واقترحت الباحثتان إجراء المزيد من الدراسات حول موضوع التعليم المدمج بتناول متغيرات أخرى كالمؤهل العلمي وسنوات الخبرة والخبرات التكنولوجية، بالإضافة إلى إجراء دراسات مشابهة حول توظيف التعليم المدمج في مديريات فلسطينية أخرى غير نابلس.
مستوى الفهم المفاهيمي للدوال وتحولاتها وعلاقته بالدافعية المنتجة لدى طلبة الرياضيات بكلية التربية جامعة صنعاء
Authors: المهاب عبدالرحمن علي صالح , سعيد ردمان محمد
Published: May 2023

هدفت الدراسة إلى تقصي مستوى الفهم المفاهيمي للدوال وتحولاتها لدى طلبة الرياضيات في كلية التربية بجامعة صنعاء، وتقصي العلاقة بين الدافعية المنتجة نحو تعلم الرياضيات لدى الطلبة وبين أدائهم على اختبار الفهم المفاهيمي للدوال. اعتمد الباحث أسلوب الحصر الشامل لجميع الطلبة المُسجلين رسمياً في المستوى الأول بقسم الرياضيات للعام الجامعي 2021/ 2022م, والبالغ عددهم (25) طالباً وطالبة. وتم جمع البيانات باستخدام أداتين: إحداهما اختبار لقياس الفهم المفاهيمي لدى الطلبة، والأخرى مقياس للدافعية المنتجة. وقد أظهرت نتائج الدراسة تدني مستوى الطلبة في الفهم المفاهيمي، حيث بلغ متوسط أداء الطلبة على الاختبار (1.24)، وبمستوى أداء منخفض، كما تبين عدم وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية في الفهم المفاهيمي للدوال تُعزى لمتغيرات (الجنس، ومعدل الثانوية، ومكان الحصول عليها)، في حين أظهرت النتائج وجود علاقة ارتباطية موجبة طردية كبيرة بين أداء الطلبة في اختبار الفهم المفاهيمي للدوال وبين الدافعية المنتجة نحو تعلم الرياضيات.
فاعلية برنامج إرشادي عبر الإنترنت قائم على الإرشاد بالقبول والالتزام لتحسين نمو ما بعد الصدمة لدى الممرضات المتعافيات من كوفيد-19: دراسة تجريبية بمدينة جدة
Authors: السفياني حنان حميد , الرافعي يحيى عبدالله
Published: May 2023

هَدَفَ البحثُ الحالي إلى التَعرُّف على فاعليةِ برنامج إرشادي عبر الإنترنت قائمٍ على الإرشاد بالقبول والالتزام لتنمية نموِّ ما بعد الصدمة لدى الممرِّضات المتعافيات من كوفيد-19بمدينة جدّة. وتكوَّنت عينةُ البحثِ من (24) ممرضة متعافية من فيروس كورونا المستجد، تَرَاوحتْ أعمارُهُن ما بين (31-41) عامًا، بمتوسط عام (36، 79) وقُسِّمَت العينةُ إلى مجموعتين: تجريبية وضابطة (عددُ كلٍ منها 12ممرضة). واستخدمت الباحثةُ مقياسَ نمو ما بعد الصدمة (تعريب الباحثة)، وبرنامجًا إرشادي عبر الإنترنت قائم على الإرشاد بالتقبل والالتزام لتنمية نموّ ما بعد الصدمة لدى الممرضات المتعافيات من فيروس كورونا المستجد بمدينةِ جدّة (إعداد الباحثة)، واستخدمتْ الباحثةُ المنهجَ شبهَ التجريبي، ذو تصميم المجموعتين التجريبية والضابطة، بقياسٍ قبليٍ وبعديٍ وتتبُّعي. وخلُصَ البحثُ إلى وجودِ فروقٍ دالَّةٍ إحصائيًا بين متوسطاتِ رُتَبِ درجات المجموعة التجريبية ومتوسطاتِ رُتَبِ درجاتِ المجموعةِ الضابطة على مقياسِ نمو ما بعد الصدمة، في القياسِ البعدي لصالحِ المجموعةِ التجريبية، ووجود فروقٍ دالَّةٍ إحصائيًا بين متوسطات رُتَبِ القياسين: البعدي، والقبلي للمجموعةِ التجريبية على مقياس نمو ما بعد الصدمة، وذلك لصالحِ القياس البعدي، وعدم وجودِ فروقٍ ذات دلالةٍ إحصائية في متوسطات رُتَبِ درجات المجموعة التجريبية في نمو ما بعد الصدمة بين القياسِ التتبُّعي والقياسِ البعدي. وبناء عليه تم التوصل إلى عدد من التوصيات.
مدى وعي المعلمات للمشكلات السلوكية وآليات التعامل معها لمرحلة الطفولة المبكرة (دراسة من وجهة نظر معلمات رياض الأطفال في محافظة حفر الباطن)
Authors: العنزي هناء محمد ساير
Published: May 2023

هدفت الدراسة إلى التعرف على مدى وعي معلمات رياض الأطفال بالمشكلات السلوكية لمرحلة الطفولة المبكرة وآليات التعامل معها؛ ولتحقيق هذا الهدف اعتمدت الدراسة المنهج الوصفي المسحي. وتمثلت أداة الدراسة في استبيان تم تطبيقها على عينة مكونة من (163) معلمة من معلمات رياض الأطفال في محافظة حفر الباطن، لجمع المعلومات حول محاور الاستبيان، والمتمثلة في (وعي معلمات رياض الأطفال بالمشكلات السلوكية لدى مرحلة الطفولة المبكرة، وعي معلمات رياض الأطفال بآليات التعامل مع المشكلات السلوكية لمرحلة الطفولة المبكرة، المعوقات التي تحول دون تطبيق طرق التعامل مع المشكلات السلوكية وعلاجها، برامج وآليات الوقاية من المشكلات السلوكية لمرحلة الطفولة المبكرة). وتوصلت نتائج الدراسة إلى أن هناك موافقة بدرجة متوسطة من أفراد العينة على وعي المعلمات على اكتشاف المشكلات السلوكية لمرحلة الطفولة المبكرة بشكل عام، بمتوسط حسابي (3.33 من5)، وتعد هذه الدرجة متوسطة بالنسبة لوعي معلمات رياض الأطفال على اكتشاف المشكلات السلوكية لمرحلة الطفولة المبكرة، وعدم وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية بين المتوسطات الحسابية لاستجابة المعلمات على محور وعي معلمات رياض الأطفال على اكتشاف المشكلات السلوكية لمرحلة الطفولة المبكرة باختلاف متغير سنوات الخبرة، حيث كانت قيمة مستوى الدلالة أكبر من 0.05، وعدم وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية بين المتوسطات الحسابية لاستجابة المعلمات على محور المعوقات التي تحول دون التعامل مع المشكلات السلوكية باختلاف متغير نوع الروضة حيث كانت قيمة مستوى الدلالة أكبر من 0.05. وأوصت الدراسة بضرورة إعداد دورات تأهيلية لمعلمات رياض الأطفال تساعدهم في كيفية التعامل مع المشكلات السلوكية لمرحلة الطفولة المبكرة، وإعطاء المزيد من الاهتمام لطلبة هذه المرحلة؛ كونها من أهم المراحل المؤثرة في بناء وصقل شخصية الطفل.
Prognostic value of periprocedural dynamics of left ventricular ejection fraction and subclinical pulmonary congestion in patients with myocardial infarction
Authors: Timofeeva Tatiana M. , Kobalava Zhanna D. , Safarova Ayten F. , Cabello Montoya Flora Elisa
Published: May 2023

Aim. To assess the joint prognostic value of periprocedural dynamics of the left ventricular ejection fraction (PPD of LVEF) and subclinical pulmonary congestion during lung stress ultrasound in patients with first acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in relation to the development of heart failure (HF) in the postinfarction period.
Materials and methods. Our prospective, single-centre, observational study included 105 patients with a first MI with no HF in the anamnesis and successful PCI. All patients underwent standard clinical and laboratory tests, NT-proBNP level assessment, echocardiography, lung stress ultrasound with a 6-minute walk test. All patients had no clinical signs of heart failure at admission and at discharge. Criteria for PPD of LV EF: improvement in LV EF50%; ∆LV EF more than 5%, but LV EF50%. According to the results of lung stress ultrasound, pulmonary congestion was diagnosed: mild (24 B-lines), moderate (59 B-lines) and severe (10 B-lines). The end point was hospitalization for HF for 2.5 years.
Results. Upon admission, LV EF of 50% or more was registered in 45 patients (42.9%). Positive PPD was registered in 31 (29.5%) patients. After stress ultrasound of the lungs, 20 (19%) patients had mild subclinical pulmonary congestion, 38 (36%) moderate and 47 (45%) severe according to the criteria presented. During the observation period, patients with no PPD of LVEF were significantly more likely to be hospitalized for the development of HF (in 44.4% of cases) compared with patients with positive PPD (in 15.2% of cases) and with initial LV EF50% (in 13.4% of cases; p=0.005). When performing logistic regression analysis, the best predictive ability was found in the combination of the absence of PPD of LV EF and the sum of B-lines 10 on exercise (relative risk 7.45; 95% confidence interval 2.5521.79; p0.000).
Conclusion. Evaluation of the combination of PPD of LV EF and the results of stress lung ultrasound at discharge in patients with first AMI and successful PCI with no HF in anamnesis allows us to identify a high-risk group for the development of HF in the postinfarction period.
A rare variant in the TTR gene (p.E112K) is associated with systemic amyloidosis and a new symptom – skin hyperemia in response to ethanol intake: family segregation analysis, literature review, and a clinical case. Case report
Authors: Chumakova Olga S. , Nasonova Svetlana N. , Frolova Yulia V. , Stepanova Elena A. , Mershina Elena A. , Sinitsyn Valentin E. , Zateyshchikov Dmitry A. , Zhirov Igor V.
Published: May 2023

Transthyretin amyloidosis (ATTR-amyloidosis) is a systemic disorder associated with extracellular deposition in the tissues and organs of amyloid fibrils, transthyretin-containing insoluble protein-polysaccharide complexes. The change in transthyretin conformation, leading to its destabilization and amyloidogenicity, can be acquired (wild type, ATTRwt) and hereditary due to mutations in the TTR gene (variant, ATTRv) [1, 2]. Hereditary ATTR-amyloidosis has an earlier onset and greater phenotypic diversity. The age of the manifestation, the predominant phenotype, and the prognosis are often determined by the genetic variant. To date, more than 140 variants in the TTR gene have been identified; however, most of them are described in single patients and do not have clear evidence of pathogenicity. The prospects of a new pathogenetic treatment of ATTR-amyloidosis [3], especially effective in the early stages of the disease, increases the relevance of timely diagnosis, which is challenging due to physicians' lack of awareness. This article presents a clinical case of ATTRv-amyloidosis associated with a rare pathogenic variant in the TTR gene and a newly described skin symptom. This article is a literature review.
Applying of magnetic resonance tomography for assessment of cardiac remodeling and risk stratification in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension
Authors: Shariya Archil M. , Martynyuk Tamila V. , Shariya Merab A. , Ustyuzhanin Dmitry V.
Published: May 2023

Magnetic resonance imaging is high precision method for diagnosing cardiovascular diseases. Simultaneously with the anatomy and function of the right ventricle, magnetic resonance imaging allows to assess the pulmonary circulation, which leads to the widespread use of this method in the diagnosis and dynamic monitoring of patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension. The article is devoted to the assessment of cardiac remodeling and risk stratification of this group of patients. Special attention is given to new prognostic parameters included in the scale for risk stratification of patients with pulmonary hypertension of the European Society of Cardiology/European Respiratory Society 2022.
Synthesis and Antibacterial Activity of Some Aryloxyacetic Acid Derivatives Containing Aryl Sulfonate Moiety
Authors: ŞENKARDEŞ Sevil , KOYUNCU Tuğçe , EROL Hilal Basak , KAŞKATEPE Banu
Published: May 2023

Objective: Today, the development of antibiotic resistance is increasing rapidly. This makes it necessary to discover new antibiotics; therefore, this research aims to find new antibacterial agents.

Materials and Methods: Structures of the newly synthesised compounds (4a-d, 5a-d) were elucidated by elemental analyses and spectroscopic data. Their in vitro antibacterial activities were tested using a micro-dilution technique against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, and Enterococcus faecalis. Ciprofloxacin was used as the control drug in this study, which was carried out in accordance with the guidelines of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing.

Results: The antimicrobial activities of the compounds were found in a wide range with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 15.62-125 μg/mL. Particularly, 4-((2-(2-(4-chloro-3-methyl)acetyl)hydrazineylidene)methyl)phenyl p-methyl benzenesulfonate (4b) was found to be most effective against Enterococcus faecalis with MIC value of 15.62 µg/mL.

Conclusion: The findings of this study display that the different derivatives of the molecules in this study may be considered important candidates for future research. Considering the results, it is planned to reach more effective new compounds with modifications to be made by changing the substituents on the aromatic rings.
Analisis Tingkat Kematangan Implementasi IT Perusahaan XYZ Menggunakan Framework Cobit 5
Authors: Darusman Farhan Setiyo , Trenggono Brahmantio Widyo , Mukaromah Siti
Published: May 2023

Di era teknologi maju seperti saat ini, hampir semua organisasi atau perusahaan memanfaatkan TI dalam proses manajerial maupun operasional. Salah satu organisasi yang memanfaatkan TI adalah XYZ. XYZ merupakan kursus musik yang berlokasi di Surabaya dan memiliki dua cabang. XYZ memanfaatkan teknologi informasi dalam melakukan kedua proses tersebut dengan tujuan efisiensi. Permasalahan dalam implementasi teknologi informasi oleh XYZ adalah kurangnya pemahaman mengenai tingkat kinerja dari teknologi informasi yang diterapkan. Untuk menjawab permasalahan tersebut, perlu dilakukan pengukuran tingkat kematangan implementasi TI dengan tujuan evaluasi kontrol TI. Penelitian ini akan memanfaatkan COBIT 5 untuk mengukur tingkat kematangan implementasi TI di usaha XYZ  dan berfokus pada domain align, plan, and organize proses manage strategy (APO02), manage human resource (APO07), dan manage relationship (APO08). Hasil yang didapat yaitu tingkat kematangan untuk domain APO02 sebesar 3,005, APO07 sebesar 2,678, dan APO08 sebesar 3,152. Hal ini menandakan bahwa ketiga domain tersebut berada pada level 3 established process.
Yemen İç Savaşı’nı Tarihsel Süreklilik ve Kopuşlar Üzerinden Okumak
Authors: AKDEVELİOĞLU Atay , YEŞİLYURT Nuri , ERDEM Gökhan
Published: May 2023

Bu çalışma, 2014’te başlayan Yemen İç Savaşı’nı ülkenin bağımsızlığından bugüne yaşanan iç savaşlar silsilesinin tarihsel derinliği içerisinde ele almayı amaçlamaktadır. Çalışmada Yemen İç Savaşı’nın ülkenin modern tarihindeki savaşlarda gözlemlenen süreklilik ve kopuş unsurlarını bünyesinde bir arada barındırdığı ve bu unsurlar çerçevesinde yapılacak bir analizin daha açıklayıcı olacağı iddia edilmektedir. Bu çerçevede vurgulanan süreklilik unsuru, Yemen’in jeopolitik önemi nedeniyle 19. yüzyıldan bugüne bölgede stratejik üs edinmeye çalışan denizaşırı güçlerle, Arap Yarımadası’ndaki hâkimiyetini çepere yaymaya çalışan komşu karasal güçler arasında hep bir hâkimiyet mücadelesine sahne olmasıdır. Çalışmada vurgulanan temel kopuş unsuruysa, 1994’teki iç savaşta uluslararası aktörlerin rolünün asgari düzeyde olması ve savaşın çok hızlı bir şekilde sonuçlanmasıdır. 2014’te başlayan iç savaş, bir yandan 1994’teki kopuş anında ortaya çıkan Yemenli aktörleri ve çatışma dinamiklerini bünyesinde barındırmaktayken, diğer yandan bir dizi deniz aşırı ve karasal gücün müdahalesiyle uluslararsılaşmış ve böylece Yemen tarihindeki süreklilik unsuru tekrarlanmıştır. Çalışmada nitel bir yöntem benimsenmiş olup, ortaya konan analitik çerçevede gerçekleşen tarihsel bir anlatıya dayanmaktadır. Makalede kullanılan veriler çoğunlukla akademik yayınlar ve düşünce kuruluşu raporları gibi güvenilir ikincil kaynaklara dayanmakta olup, yer yer haberler ve devlet arşivleri gibi birincil kaynaklara da başvurulmuştur.
Aplikasi Profiling Tes Psikologi Berbasis Website dalam Pendidikan
Authors: Julius Andre , Wijana Miki , Alfaiz Alfaiz , Sari Azmatul Khairiyah
Published: May 2023

This research aim to developing new application and program of psychological profiling testing. This based on need assessment about condition of pandemic that needed for psychological test in website based, for facilitate a testee for testing service. This research was a research and development and using Borg & Gall’s design with 9 phase such exploration study, literature review, arrangement of hypothetic, expert judgement, model revision, try out, analysis and revision, final model, diseminasion and socialization. This product using expert judgement and validation process with Interrater Agreement Model, and research subject were guidance and couneling students of Masoem University. The result of the research with the development process have been revised and have succeeded in developing and functioning of the guidance and counseling and profiling psychological test for all testee or student were needed in Masoem University.
Heart Disease Prediction Using ML
Authors:   Student, Computer Science & Engineering, Vemana Institute of Technology, Bengaluru-34, India, N Sathvik , . Shrinivas ,   Student, Computer Science & Engineering, Vemana Institute of Technology, Bengaluru-34, India, B H Siddesh ,   Student, Computer Science & Engineering, Vemana Institute of Technology, Bengaluru-34, India, J Vinay ,   Student, Computer Science & Engineering, Vemana Institute of Technology, Bengaluru-34, India
Published: May 2023

Machine Learning is used across many ranges around the world. The healthcare industry is no exclusion. Machine Learning can play an essential role in predicting presence/absence of locomotors disorders, Heart diseases and more. Such information, if predicted well in advance, can provide important intuitions to doctors who can then adapt their diagnosis and dealing per patient basis. We work on predicting possible Heart Diseases in people using Machine Learning algorithms. In this project we perform the comparative analysis of classifiers like decision tree, Naïve Bayes, Logistic Regression, SVM and Random Forest and we propose an ensemble classifier which perform hybrid classification by taking strong and weak classifiers since it can have multiple number of samples for training and validating the data so we perform the analysis of existing classifier and proposed classifier like Ada-boost and XG-boost which can give the better accuracy and predictive analysis.