bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Association between Metabolic Syndrome and the Musculoskeletal System
Authors: Shi Wenbiao , Zhang Qian
Published: October 2023

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) and osteoporosis are chronic health disorders worldwide [...]
Diurnal Variations in Serum Uric Acid, Xanthine, and Xanthine Oxidoreductase Activity in Male Patients with Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Shimizu Megumi , Naito Ryo , Sato Akihiro , Ishiwata Sayaki , Yatsu Shoichiro , Shitara Jun , Matsumoto Hiroki , Murata Azusa , Kato Takao , Suda Shoko , Hiki Masaru , Kuwabara Masanari , Murase Takayo , Nakamura Takashi , Kasai Takatoshi
Published: October 2023

Hyperuricemia is influenced by diet and can cause gout. Whether it is a potential risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains controversial, and the mechanism is unclear. Similar to CVDs, gout attacks occur more frequently in the morning and at night. A possible reason for this is the diurnal variation in uric acid (UA), However, scientific data regarding this variation in patients with CVD are not available. Thus, we aimed to investigate diurnal variations in serum levels of UA and plasma levels of xanthine, hypoxanthine, and xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) activity, which were measured at 18:00, 6:00, and 12:00 in male patients with coronary artery disease. Thirty eligible patients participated in the study. UA and xanthine levels significantly increased from 18:00 to 6:00 but significantly decreased from 6:00 to 12:00. By contrast, XOR activity significantly increased both from 18:00 to 6:00 and 6:00 to 12:00. Furthermore, the rates of increase in UA and xanthine levels from night to morning were significantly and positively correlated. In conclusion, UA and xanthine showed similar diurnal variations, whereas XOR activity showed different diurnal variations. The morning UA surge could be due to UA production. The mechanism involved XOR activity, but other factors were also considered.
Correction: Zhang et al. Bimodal Imaging of Tumors via Genetically Engineered Escherichia coli. Pharmaceutics 2022, 14, 1804
Authors: Zhang Linlin , Wang Yuanyuan , Li Dengjin , Wang Liang , Li Zhenzhou , Yan Fei
Published: October 2023

In the original publication [...]
Is There a Homos in Eros: Sexual Incarnation in Emmanuel Falque
Authors: Pearl Justin Leavitt
Published: October 2023

Since the fifth of Edmund Husserl’s Cartesian Meditations, the encounter with the Other has been a central locus of phenomenological research. This centrality is nowhere as clear as in the phenomenological study of gender and sexuality. Just as the erasure of alterity is understood to render ethics impossible, so too is the erasure of sexual difference taken to render genuine erotic love impossible. Employing the recent work of Emmanuel Falque, this investigation aims to interrogate the way in which this rhetoric of sexual alterity has often served to maintain and reinforce a logic of homophobia and queer erasure. If every major phenomenologist of the past century has agreed with Emmanuel Falque, that there is a “heteros in eros, or an other in difference”, I will here ask the question: might there not also be a homos in eros?
Safety Evaluation of Reinforced Concrete Structures Using Multi-Source Fusion Uncertainty Cloud Inference and Experimental Study
Authors: Liu Zhao , Guo Huiyong , Zhang Bo
Published: October 2023

Structural damage detection and safety evaluations have emerged as a core driving force in structural health monitoring (SHM). Focusing on the multi-source monitoring data in sensing systems and the uncertainty caused by initial defects and monitoring errors, in this study, we develop a comprehensive method for evaluating structural safety, named multi-source fusion uncertainty cloud inference (MFUCI), that focuses on characterizing the relationship between condition indexes and structural performance in order to quantify the structural health status. Firstly, based on cloud theory, the cloud numerical characteristics of the condition index cloud drops are used to establish the qualitative rule base. Next, the proposed multi-source fusion generator yields a multi-source joint certainty degree, which is then transformed into cloud drops with certainty degree information. Lastly, a quantitative structural health evaluation is performed through precision processing. This study focuses on the numerical simulation of an RC frame at the structural level and an RC T-beam damage test at the component level, based on the stiffness degradation process. The results show that the proposed method is effective at evaluating the health of components and structures in a quantitative manner. It demonstrates reliability and robustness by incorporating uncertainty information through noise immunity and cross-domain inference, outperforming baseline models such as Bayesian neural network (BNN) in uncertainty estimations and LSTM in point estimations.
Control Algorithm Design of a Force-Balance Accelerometer
Authors: Liu Zhiqiang , Xia Lei , Wu Bin , Huan Ronghua , Huang Zhilong
Published: October 2023

The force-balanced accelerometer (FBA), unlike other types of sensors, incorporates a closed-loop control. The efficacy of the system is contingent not solely on the hardware, but more critically on the formulation of the control algorithm. Conventional control strategies are usually designed for the purpose of response minimization of the sensitive elements, which limits the measurement accuracy and applicable frequency bandwidth of FBAs. In this paper, based on the model predictive control (MPC), a control algorithm of a force-balance accelerometer considering time delay is designed. The variable augmentation method is proposed to convert the force-balance control into an easy-handed measurement error minimization control problem. The discretization method is applied to deal with the time delay problem in the closed loop. The control algorithm is integrated into a practical FBA. The effectiveness of the proposed control is demonstrated through experiments conducted in an ultra-quiet chamber, as well as simulations. The results show that the closed loop in the FBA has a time delay 10 times of the control period, and, utilizing the proposed control, the acceleration signals can be accurately measured with a frequency range larger than 500 Hz. Meanwhile, the vibration response of the sensitive element of the controlled FBA is maintained at the level of microns, which guarantees a large measurement range of the FBA.
A Compact RF Energy Harvesting Wireless Sensor Node with an Energy Intensity Adaptive Management Algorithm
Authors: Liu Xiaoqiang , Li Mingxue , Chen Xinkai , Zhao Yiheng , Xiao Liyi , Zhang Yufeng
Published: October 2023

This paper presents a compact RF energy harvesting wireless sensor node with the antenna, rectifier, energy management circuits, and load integrated on a single printed circuit board and a total size of 53 mm × 59.77 mm × 4.5 mm. By etching rectangular slots in the radiation patch, the antenna area is reduced by 13.9%. The antenna is tested to have an S11 of −24.9 dB at 2.437 GHz and a maximum gain of 4.8 dBi. The rectifier has a maximum RF-to-DC conversion efficiency of 52.53% at 7 dBm input energy. The proposed WSN can achieve self-powered operation at a distance of 13.4 m from the transmitter source. To enhance the conversion efficiency under different input energy densities, this paper establishes an energy model for two operating modes and proposes an energy-intensity adaptive management algorithm. The experiments demonstrated that the proposed WSN can effectively distinguish between the two operating modes based on input energy intensity and realize efficient energy management.
A Comparative Study between Paper and Paperless Aircraft Maintenance: A Case Study
Authors: Karakilic Elif , Gunaltili Enes , Ekici Selcuk , Dalkiran Alper , Balli Ozgur , Karakoc Tahir Hikmet
Published: October 2023

The rapid growth of airlines over the last period has led to the development of the aviation industry, resulting in increased requirements for ancillary services. Nowadays, the demand for the use of paper-based documents is increasing day by day as airlines encourage passengers to use more ancillary products. One of the most important issues in the aviation industry is flight safety. The procedures and instructions required for all aviation operations are organized in accordance with the regulations and printed on paper in accordance with the demands. For this reason, since it is mandatory to keep all aircraft maintenance, repair, and operation records on printed paper and to keep them for a certain period of time, aircraft fly with almost their entire weight on paper. Considering the global hazards in the world, although the aviation sector is the least environmentally damaging of all transportation sectors, new solutions have been sought to make aviation operations less harmful to the environment, minimize errors and risks, allow for faster communication, and be safer and more sustainable. In order to meet the demands, studies on reducing the use of paper have been brought to the agenda. In this study, after a literature review, real data from a maintenance, repair, and overhaul organization are used to suggest digital conveniences that can save costs, increase productivity, save space, facilitate documentation and information sharing, keep personal information more secure, and help the environment through paperless living.
Optimal Predictive Torque Distribution Control System to Enhance Stability and Energy Efficiency in Electric Vehicles
Authors: Mousaei Arash , Naderi Yahya
Published: October 2023

This article presents a novel approach to address the critical issues of stable rotation and energy efficiency in electric vehicles (EVs). To achieve these objectives, we propose a comprehensive control system that leverages the power of optimization through optimal predictive control methods. The central idea revolves around minimizing the predicted tracking error for future time steps by intelligently determining control inputs. In this innovative approach, we emphasize the dynamic adjustment of weight coefficients and optimization of wheel torque to strike a delicate balance between energy consumption and enhanced vehicle stability. The result is an adept controller that not only ensures vehicle stability but also significantly reduces energy consumption. Given the inherent limitations of electric motors, especially in terms of torque during vehicle operation, and the growing importance of energy conservation, our method tailors weight coefficients to generate optimal wheel torque. This ensures that the electric motors operate within their power range, thereby minimizing energy consumption and extending the overall efficiency of EVs. The combination of stable rotation and energy efficiency offered by this control system represents a promising step forward in the realm of electric vehicles, making them more sustainable and environmentally friendly while maintaining the high standards of performance and safety that consumers expect.
The Use of the Taguchi Method with Grey Relational Analysis for Nanofluid-Phase Change-Optimized Parameter Design at a Rooftop Solar Photovoltaic Thermal Composite Module for Small Households
Authors: Liu Dong-Kai , Hsieh Chien-Chun , Liao Ting-Wei , Kuo Chung-Feng Jeffrey
Published: October 2023

This study aims to optimize the process parameters of the nanofluid-phase change-solar photovoltaic thermal (nanofluid-PCM-PV/T) composite module. In particular, the organic paraffin was selected as a phase change material, while water, CuO, and Al2O3 were selected as nanofluids. The TRNSYS 16.0 software was employed to model and analyze the composite module. The Taguchi method with the main effect analysis (MEA), analysis of variance (ANOVA), and the orthogonal table were established to investigate the impact of each control factor on the power generation and heat storage efficiency. Grey relational analysis (GRA) was adopted to obtain the parameters for multi-quality optimization. The result showed that the power generation efficiency in this study was 14.958%, and the heat storage efficiency was 64.764%. Meanwhile, in the conventional PV/T module, the former was 12.74%, and the latter was 34.06%, respectively. Verification results showed that the confidence intervals of both single-quality and multi-quality optimization parameter sets were within 95%. The errors of the results from both theoretical simulation and real testing were smaller than 5%. In the case of a generally small family of four members using electric/water heaters, the rooftop module in this study was more efficient than the typical rooftop PV/T by 25.04%. The former’s investment recovery period was lower than 0.81 years.
Effects of Alfalfa Crop Rotation on Soil Nutrients and Loss of Soil and Nutrients in Semi-Arid Regions
Authors: Li Ang , Wu Yingzhen , Tai Xisheng , Cao Suzhen , Gao Tianpeng
Published: October 2023

Soil desertification is an important factor leading to soil degradation and environmental problems such as atmospheric or water pollution. Conservation agriculture, such as crop rotation and conservation tillage, can reduce soil erosion and nutrient loss caused by wind in semi-arid regions. However, the relationships between the loss of soil and nutrients and surface vegetation characteristics are frequently obtained according to a short-term simulation experiment, which makes the application of the conclusions limited. In this study, we conducted a 4-year field experiment continuously with three crop rotations, i.e., spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cropping, alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) cropping, and fallow when previous rapeseed crops (Brassica napus L.) were being harvested; measured the surface vegetation characteristics, soil nutrients, and loss of soil and nutrients caused by wind; and analyzed their variations and quantitative relations. The findings of this study indicated that the coverage, height, and biomass of the aboveground vegetation in three rotations in the spring and autumn had significant differences, and the rank order was fallow field < wheat field < alfalfa field. With the extension of growing years, the soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (TN) of a 0–5 cm soil layer all increased to varying degrees and had significant differences among the rotations during the late stages of the experiment (p < 0.05), while the changes in the total phosphorus (TP) and total potassium (TK) were small, and their values had decreasing trends. The available nitrogen (AN) and available phosphorus (AP) decreased first and then increased during the experimental period, while the available potassium (AK) had an increasing tendency. The increase in soil nutrients in the alfalfa field was the highest during the whole experiment period, while the loss of soil and nutrients (SOC, TN, TP, and TK) was the lowest, followed by the wheat and fallow fields. There were significant negative correlations between the surface vegetation characteristics and the loss of soil and nutrients (p < 0.01), while the correlations between soil loss and the loss of soil nutrients were significantly positive. In summary, alfalfa crop rotation can obviously reduce the loss of soil and nutrients in semi-arid areas, which is conducive to the sustainability of agroecosystems.
Consumer Attitudes toward Community Elderly Services during Negative Population Growth and Sustainable Development
Authors: Lin Meng , Li Weidong , Cao Yukun , Shan Liyan
Published: October 2023

In 2022, it became apparent that China had officially become a nation witnessing negative population growth. Coinciding with the emergence of an aging society, the occurrence of population sustainable development has emerged as a crucial concern for society. In recent times, community-oriented elderly care has garnered prominence and materialized as a feasible pathway for confronting the matter of familial elderly care in a society with an aging populace. This study was conducted in three provincial capital cities in different regions of China. Based on the ABC theory and Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory, and with reference to the research of relevant scholars, the study investigated consumers’ attitudes towards community elderly care services from the perspectives of health care services, housekeeping services, entertainment, catering services, etc., and put forward research hypotheses. The questionnaire was dimensionally reduced using factor analysis, and the hypotheses were tested using regression analysis. The findings validate that the delivery of medical provisions, domestic aid, recreational and culinary facilities, camaraderie, and counseling visits, along with bespoke services, substantially enhance consumer receptivity towards community-oriented elderly care provisions. As a result, these conclusions assume the role of valuable points of reference for entities engaged in furnishing such services.
Clean Energy Transition through the Sustainable Exploration and Use of Lithium in Oman: Potential and Challenges
Authors: Mishrif Ashraf , Khan Asharul
Published: October 2023

This study is probably the first of its kind to explore the potential and challenges of developing a clean energy transition through sustainable exploration and the use of lithium in Oman’s mining industry. This study explains how growing energy and environmental concerns significantly intensify interest in electric vehicles and hybrid electric vehicles, consequently increasing the demand for lithium exploration and production. Whereas Umm as Samim and Mahout are usually identified as major resources for a potential lithium commodity, this study uses statistical data from Oman’s National Center of Statistics and Information (NCSI) to determine the quantity and value of salt, lithium production, and sales to assess their commercial viability. The findings reveal that Oman has huge potential for lithium exploitation and production, considering the enormous quantities of spodumene and seawater salt with high-grade lithium available, developing efficient regulations and rules to protect investors’ rights, and reducing the environmental risks associated with the production and recycling of lithium-ion batteries. The realization of this potential cannot be attained until serious challenges in the country’s regulations, environmental hazards, and investment strategy are overcome. This study concludes by offering some practical and policy implications.
Fifteen-, Ten-, or Five Minute City? Walkability to Services Assessment: Case of Dubai, UAE
Authors: Ali Maram , Ali Tarig , Gawai Rahul , Elaksher Ahmed
Published: October 2023

The rapid urbanization growth in Dubai has resulted in connectivity issues and is therefore considered tremendous development pressure. That has led the local authorities to set a vision for Dubai as a 15–20 min city by 2040. In a 15 min city, all services can be reached within 15 min of travel time using sustainable mobility means, including walking, cycling, or electric biking. This study aims to assess the current walkability situation within 15 min in the most significant parts of Dubai. The study considered 13 communities, including Bur-Dubai and Business Bay, which were selected to represent ungated communities and eleven major gated communities. Those neighborhoods were selected based on the developments’ socio-economic status and population density. The assessment considered 14 essential services, grouped into five categories: educational, health, social, entertainment, and religious. The data for this study was collected through desktop research, site visits, and residents’ interviews. The data layers were prepared in ArcGIS Pro 3.0, which was used to perform the network analysis. The results indicate that 28.25% of residents in the ungated neighborhoods have access to essential services within 15 min, similar to gated communities where residents rely on cars to access many services. Furthermore, results suggest that service distribution patterns and walkability infrastructure outside these communities should be developed to obtain higher walkability indicators.
Action Recognition Based on GCN with Adjacency Matrix Generation Module and Time Domain Attention Mechanism
Authors: Yang Rong , Niu Junyu , Xu Ying , Wang Yun , Qiu Li
Published: October 2023

Different from other computer vision tasks, action recognition needs to process larger-scale video data. How to extract and analyze the effective parts from a huge amount of video information is the main difficulty of action recognition technology. In recent years, due to the outstanding performance of Graph Convolutional Networks (GCN) in many fields, a new solution to the action recognition algorithm has emerged. However, in current GCN models, the constant physical adjacency matrix makes it difficult to mine synergistic relationships between key points that are not directly connected in physical space. Additionally, a simple time connection of skeleton data from different frames makes each frame in the video contribute equally to the recognition results, which increases the difficulty of distinguishing action stages. In this paper, the information extraction ability of the model has been optimized in the space domain and time domain, respectively. In the space domain, an Adjacency Matrix Generation (AMG) module, which can pre-analyze node sets and generate an adaptive adjacency matrix, has been proposed. The adaptive adjacency matrix can help the graph convolution model to extract the synergistic information between the key points that are crucial for recognition. In the time domain, the Time Domain Attention (TDA) mechanism has been designed to calculate the time-domain weight vector through double pooling channels and complete the weights of key point sequences. Furthermore, performance of the improved TDA-AMG-GCN modules has been verified on the NTU-RGB+D dataset. Its detection accuracy at the CS and CV divisions reached 84.5% and 89.8%, respectively, with an average level higher than other commonly used detection methods at present.
Insights about Modelling Environmental Spatiotemporal Actions in Thermal Analysis of Concrete Dams: A Case Study
Authors: Leitão Noemi Schclar , Oliveira Sérgio
Published: October 2023

In order to conduct thermal analysis of concrete dams, it is necessary to assess and validate the spatiotemporal representations used for modeling the solar radiation and the water temperature boundary conditions. To illustrate this procedure, the thermal analysis of a concrete multiple-arch dam is presented. The article starts by providing an overview of the problem before focusing explicitly on the estimation of solar radiation distribution. Within this section, a comparison between the solar irradiance computed on the downstream face of the dam with or without considering the beam radiation shading at different times of the year is presented. This is followed by an analysis of the seasonal behavior of the water temperature of the dam’s reservoir based on measured data. After calibrating an empirical/statistical law based on temperatures measured at different depths, it is compared with the values estimated by a hydrodynamic model and some temperature profiles measured upstream of the dam. Finally, the article compares the results obtained with the thermal analysis versus the temperature measured by thermometers installed in the concrete.
Modeling Method for Aerobic Zone of A2O Based on KPCA-PSO-SCN
Authors: Lu Wenxia , Tian Xueyong , Ma Yongguang , Guan Yinyan , Liu Libo , Shi Liwei
Published: October 2023

Sewage treatment plants face significant problems as a result of the annual growth in urban sewage discharge. Substandard sewage discharge can also be caused by rising sewage treatment expenses and unpredictable procedures. The most widely used sewage treatment process in urban areas is the Anaerobic–Anoxic–Oxic (A2O) sewage treatment process. Therefore, modeling the sewage treatment process and predicting the effluent quality are of great significance. A process modeling method based on Kernel Principal Component Analysis–Particle Swarm Optimization–Stochastic Configuration Network (KPCA-PSO-SCN) is proposed for the A2O aerobic wastewater treatment process. Firstly, eight auxiliary variables were determined through mechanism analysis, including Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and ammonia nitrogen (NH4+) and nitrate nitrogen (NO3−) of influent water, pH, temperature (T), Mixed Liquor Suspended Solid (MLSS), Dissolved Oxygen (DO) and hydraulic residence time (HRT) in the aerobic zone. Dimensionality reduction was carried out using the kernel principal component analysis method based on the Gaussian function, and the eight-dimensional data were changed to five-dimensional data, which improved the running speed and efficiency of subsequent models. Then, according to the advantages of the particle swarm optimization algorithm, such as low calculation cost and fast convergence, combined with the advantages of stochastic configuration network general approximation performance, the PSO-SCN model was established to predict the three water quality indexes of effluent COD, NH4+, and NO3− for the aerobic zone. The experimental results proved the effectiveness of the model. Compared with classic water quality prediction algorithm models such as SCN, PSO-BP, RBF, PSO-RBF, etc., the superiority of the PSO-SCN algorithm model was demonstrated.
Phase transitions in chrome
Authors: Shevcenko Oleksandr
Published: October 2023

In astronautics, stainless steel is widely used for the manufacture of spacecraft. Rocket fuel tanks are now made of stainless steel. In order for steel to be stainless, for example, grades 08X13 and 12X13, it must contain up to 13% chromium. In pure chromium and its alloys, phase transitions occur under temperature fluctuations and mechanical loads, during which the plastic, strength, and magnetic characteristics of steel alloys change. The article describes distinguishes between phase transformations of the 1st and 2nd kind in chromium and the inconsistency in the definition of the type of transition by different authors. The change in the form of the crystal lattice during the transition from an antiferromagnet to a paramagnet at the Neel point TN = 38 85 °C, is described. An analysis of the relationship between the type of phase transition and the type of symmetry is given. An explanation is given for the difficulties in studying phase transitions in chromium due to the imperfection of the model of the electronic configuration in the 3d layer of the chromium atom.
PROCEDURAL AND FORENSIC FEATURES OF THE CONDUCT OF INDIVIDUAL INVESTIGATIVE (DETECTIVE) ACTIONS IN THE INVESTIGATION OF CRIMINAL OFFENCES UNDER ART. 263 1 OF THE CRIMINAL CODE OF UKRAINE
Authors: Peretiatko Serhii
Published: October 2023

Based on the analysis of scientific points of view and practice of investigating the illegal manufacture, processing or repair of firearms or falsification, the illegal removal or change of its marking, or the illegal manufacture of ammunition, explosives or explosive devices, the procedural and forensic features of the search (house, localities, persons), presentation for identification, investigative experiment, recognition. The significance of individual investigative (search) actions of forensic examinations for criminal procedural proof has been clarified, typical errors in their conduct have been identified, and ways to avoid and solve them have been proposed.
PECULIARITIES OF FORENSIC HANDWRITING EXAMINATION OF SIGNATURES MADE BY PERSONS OF ALL AGES UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF CONFOUNDING FACTORS
Authors: Nikolaichuk Tetiana , Bila Alona , Zabuha Anna , Us Dmytro , Zdor Vilena
Published: October 2023

The article is devoted to the features of forensic handwriting examination of signatures made by persons of different ages under the influence of confounding factors. The classification of confounding factors and their influence on signs of handwriting and signatures of a person is considered. The peculiarities of signatures and samples of different age groups were studied, namely: transcription of the signature, degree of coordination, complexity and coherence of movements, the pace of writing, size, inclination, arrangement and acceleration of elements, degree and character of pressure and direction of the baseline of the signature. It is shown that three classes of tasks are distinguished in the forensic handwriting examination: identification (establishing the identity of the executor of the object of handwriting), diagnostic (resolving questions about the conditions of execution of the handwritten text, record or signature), classification (related to the assignment of the executor of the handwriting to certain groups, in particular by gender and age). A comparative analysis of the results of signature studies by different age groups was carried out. It is noted that the stability of signs of handwriting and signatures is relative. A person’s handwriting can undergo changes depending on various reasons, including those caused by the ageing of the body. In addition, the persistence of characteristic features is also influenced by diseases that are characteristic of the elderly and senile.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HANDWRITING AND VARIOUS ASPECTS OF PERSONALITY, SUCH AS INTELLIGENCE, CREATIVITY AND EMOTIONAL RESILIENCE
Authors: Lemak Edita
Published: October 2023

The article is devoted to exploring the relationship between personality traits and handwriting characteristics. Specifically, the results of various scientific studies on this topic are analyzed, and the handwriting characteristics associated with intelligence, creativity, and emotional stability are determined. In addition, the article examines the results of studies on the connection between handwriting and a person’s emotional reactions, which helps to understand how handwriting can reflect a person’s emotional state. The conclusions of the article may be useful for handwriting experts, forensic psychologists, practising psychologists, teachers, recruiters, and anyone interested in the relationship between handwriting and personality.
COMPONENT COMPOSITION OF INKS, PAINTS AND DYES AS AN IMPORTANT COMPONENT OF DOCUMENT PROTECTION AGAINST COUNTERFEITING
Authors: Sezonov Viktor , Dikevych Krystyna
Published: October 2023

This article analyzes the component composition of inks, paints and dyes, and also gives a general description of one or another type of ink or dye and a classification of some of them. The historical aspect of the manufacture of inks and their components is highlighted. Writing ink was first made in ancient Egypt and China around 2500 BC. The features of paints depending on the type of printing (high, gravure, flat offset, screen) are studied and examples of their application are given. Flat offset inks used in newspapers are usually simple in composition. As for letterpress, although this type is gradually being replaced by other printing processes, it is still used in the production of money, most paper-based forms in printing serial numbers, etc. Gravure inks are similar to flexographic inks, except that ketones and aromatic hydrocarbons can be used as solvents, allowing much greater freedom in the choice of binders. This type of ink for inkjet printing, such as solvent ink, is considered in detail. Solvent ink is a complex physical and chemical system for inkjet printing, consisting of pigment, polymer, film former, solvent and special additives. The structural composition of solvents is characterized, which, getting on paper, undergoes a number of changes over a fixed period of time, as a result of which the dye dries on paper. Ethanol, benzyl alcohol and many other solvents can also be used as carriers. The choice of solvent or solvents often depends on the properties of the writing instrument. The so-called «invisible» ink (UV ink, thermosetting ink, etc.) was studied separately as a kind of protective element. This type of ink is mainly used in steganography, anti-counterfeiting and currency security features, packaging authenticity indicators, brand protection, and secret messages. Conclusions are drawn, emphasizing that understanding the principle of operation of one or another element of protection allows forensic experts of forensic technical examination of documents to effectively identify forgery.
FEATURES OF AN EXPERT STUDY OF THE CAUSES OF ACCIDENTS ASSOCIATED WITH THE PERFORMANCE OF GAS-HAZARDOUS WORK
Authors: Bohdaniuk Ihor
Published: October 2023

The article considers the expert practice of studying the occurrence of accidents in the performance of gas hazardous work with non-compliance with the regulatory requirements of the «Typical Instructions for the Organization of the Safe Conduct of Gas Hazardous Work» by officials and performers of work and also analyzes the cause-and-effect relationships between their actions (inaction) and occurrence of the event under investigation. The relevance of the study is due to the negative statistics on the neglect of timely preventive work of sewerage networks, which later lead to unjustified costs, which became the subject of the study by the forensic expert. The author summarizes the current labour protection standards for gas hazardous work and notes the procedural aspects of their implementation, taking into account the role of engineering and technical workers responsible for the organization. The analysis of expert practice to determine the causes of accidents in the performance of gas hazardous work has been carried out. Real examples of such violations with fatal consequences are given.
As a result of the study, the author established causal relationships between non-compliance with labour protection requirements and the inaction of officials in organizing the performance of gas hazardous work. The place of examination in the event of accidents during the performance of gas-hazardous work in the creation of an effective labour protection system at the enterprise has been established. The author came to the conclusion that compliance with the relevant labour protection measures at the enterprise should be the obligation of the officials organizing the management. In addition, the standardization of requirements for gas-hazardous work at the enterprise by officials will help to avoid the onset of the harmful consequences of an accident and increase the level of labour and production discipline.
RESEARCH OF THE CIRCUMSTANCES OF COLLISIONS AT REGULATED INTERSECTIONS WITH LIMITED VISIBILITY OF ESCORTED COLUMNS OF VEHICLES WITH OTHER VEHICLES
Authors: Shatkovskyi Andrii , Kuibida Andrii , Dzhus Oleh , Hrytsyshyn Petro
Published: October 2023

The article analyzes the requirements of the current Traffic Rules of Ukraine regarding the conditions for the movement of motorcades and aspects of the occurrence of traffic accidents at controlled intersections with limited visibility with the participation of a column of cars accompanied by another vehicle. The options for expert studies to establish the causes of traffic accidents in non-standard situations were studied and recommendations were proposed for including additions to the Traffic Rules of Ukraine regarding the installation of special light and sound signals and devices on the cars accompanied by the convoy, as well as to unify the terminological concepts of «immediate proximity» and «safe distance» when the column is moving. The authors consider it appropriate:
– to consider the possibility of introducing additions by the relevant authorities to Article 25 of the Traffic Rules of Ukraine regarding the installation of special light and sound signals and devices on the cars of the accompanied column of vehicles, as an additional factor in attracting the attention of other road users and avoiding dangerous moments at regulated intersections when passing the accompanied columns cars;
– during the briefing, provide for the obligations of the drivers of the convoy of cars in case of division of cars into groups while driving, to comply with the requirements of the Traffic Rules of Ukraine, based on the current conditions for the passage of cars at regulated intersections;
– to coordinate in the articles of the Rules the terminological concepts «immediate proximity» and «safe distance», which are used in the current requirements of the Traffic Rules of Ukraine.
PECULIARITIES OF TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE VALUE-ADDED TAX AND THE DEVELOPER’S PROFIT WHEN DETERMINING THE AMOUNT OF MATERIAL DAMAGE CAUSED TO REAL ESTATE OBJECTS AS A RESULT OF MILITARY ACTIONS OR ACTS OF TERRORISM
Authors: Herasymenko Illia , Komandyrov Oleksii , Pasko Roman , Chaliuk Ihor
Published: October 2023

The problem of determining the amount of detriment caused to real estate objects as a result of military operations has been relevant for Ukraine since 2014, but the problem became especially acute in February 2022 due to the full-scale invasion of the russian federation on the territory of Ukraine.
The work on the development of approaches to determining the amount of detriment as a result of armed aggression is carried out by experts of the Kyiv Scientific Research Institute of Forensic Expertise of the Ministry of Justice of Ukraine. The purpose of this article is to standardize and improve the approach to calculating the amount of detriment caused to enterprises and organizations whose real estate was built during the Soviet era and to calculate the cost of construction, aggregated replacement value indicators are used.
The proposed approach of expert calculation of the amount of detriment caused includes a calculation to bring the cost of restoration of the object by unit indicators to modern construction conditions, taking into account the profit of the developer and value-added tax.
PECULIARITIES OF CONDUCTING FORENSIC ECONOMIC STUDIES ON CONFIRMING THE AMOUNT OF MATERIAL DAMAGE (LOSSES) OF BANKS
Authors: Tatarnikova Oksana , Rudaia Maryna
Published: October 2023

The article is devoted to the generalization of methodical approaches and the competence of forensic economists when conducting research on confirming the amount of material damage (losses) of banks. The subject and objects of expert research on confirming the amount of material damage (losses) of banks have been determined.
The subject of the study is a system of theoretical, methodical and practical aspects related to the expert study of issues of confirmation of the amount of material damage (losses) caused to banks from non-repayment of loans, determined by the controlling bodies within their competence.
The algorithm for determining with the help of economic expertise issues related to causing material losses, as well as issues related to determining the presence and amount of losses in financial and credit relations, based on the generalization of the practice of appointing and conducting economic expertise, which can be applied in modern realities in Ukraine, is substantiated.
The proposed main approaches to solving issues related to the assignment of material damage (losses) to banks from non-repayment of loans due to the debtor’s loss of obligation and/or loss of the ability to collect debts and the assignment of material damage (losses) to banks from non-repayment of loans due to the bank’s withdrawal claim rights with a discount.
DETERMINATION OF THE PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCIES OF FORENSIC EXPERTS IN THE SPHERE OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY AND THEIR IMPORTANCE FOR THE TRAINING OF EXPERTS
Authors: Kisil Nataliia
Published: October 2023

The article is dedicated to identifying key paradigms that can be used in implementing competency-based approaches in the training and certification of forensic experts in the intellectual property field.
It is noted that the basis for practical activities in the field of forensic examination of intellectual property objects is applying the knowledge acquired by specialists for theoretical, procedural, and organizational provisions of forensic examination; mastering intellectual property rights’ legislative framework, basic theoretical and methodological knowledge of forensic examination in the field of intellectual property; acquisition of skills in applying methodological approaches for solving expert tasks during training (internship).
The approaches are highlighted to determine the types of professional competencies of forensic experts and specialists involved by the court, pre-trial investigation authorities, or other parties to the case in conducting forensic examinations.
It is proposed to divide the components of forensic experts’ competencies in the field of intellectual property into 3 main types: general competencies, special (professional) competencies in the field of intellectual property, and special (subjectmatter) competencies in a particular expert specialty. General and special (professional) competencies in the field of intellectual property can be applied to experts who are certified in all areas of forensic examination in the field of intellectual property. At the same time, special (subject-matter) competencies for each expert specialty should be defined, considering the content of the topics specified in the approved expert training programs.
The position is expressed on the expediency of granting forensic experts the right to choose the method of acquiring professional competencies independently.
FOLLOWING THE SCIENTIFIC FOOTPRINTS (GLORIOUS PAGES OF THE LIFE PATH) OF THE OUTSTANDING CRIMINOLOGIST AND FORENSIC EXPERT, ACADEMICIAN MYKHAILO YA. SEHAI
Authors: Foris Yuliia , Vynohradova Valentyna
Published: October 2023

Mykhailo Ya. Sehai was born on March 31, 1923. He fought in World War II against fascist aggression and was awarded orders and many medals.
After demobilization, he worked for many years at the Kyiv Scientific Research Institute of Forensic Expertise of the Ministry of Justice of Ukraine, including 20 years as Deputy Director for Research. He went from junior researcher to acting director of the institute. He practised as a forensic expert and conducted scientific research.
After retiring, he worked at the Kyiv Regional Center of the National Academy of Legal Sciences of Ukraine. He died at the age of 90 on May 01, 2013.
He defended his thesis for the degree of candidate of legal sciences on the use of forensic identification in certain types of forensic examinations. Mykhailo Sehai defends his dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Laws already on the methodology of judicial identification, substantiating it from the standpoint of philosophy. In the next large-scale work, Mykhailo Sehai addresses issues not only of forensic identification but also diagnostic and situational expert tasks. Subsequently, Mykhailo Sehai takes part in the creation of the world’s first law on forensic examination, which combines the rights and obligations of a forensic expert in various types of legal proceedings. Thus, the foundation is laid for the creation of the profession of a forensic expert. Mykhailo Sehai develops the foundations of forensic expertology as a science of forensic activities, including the legal and organizational foundations of this activity, and also generalizes the methodology as part of forensic expertology to three interdisciplinary exercises.
The article mentions the teacher of Mykhailo Sehai and the continuation of his work.
At the end of the article, it is concluded that Doctor of Law, Professor, and Academician of the National Academy of Legal Sciences of Ukraine Mykhailo Sehai has been following the path of generalizing previous experience throughout his scientific life, from considering a separate issue to systematizing it and systematizing the views from which this issue is being studied. Thus, briefly, this path can be characterized as follows: from the particular to the general. Mykhailo Sehai has made an invaluable contribution to the development of forensic science and forensic science.
Ortaokul 5. Sınıf Öğrencilerinin Hazırladıkları Videolarda Su Konusuna Yönelik Algıları
Authors: YÜZBAŞIOĞLU Mustafa Kemal , ACET İlyas , KURNAZ Mehmet Altan
Published: October 2023

Araştırmada öğrencilerin hazırladıkları videolardan hareketle su konusundaki bakış açılarının ve sürece yönelik görüşlerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden biri olan durum çalışması temelinde yürütülmüştür. Köy, ilçe ve il merkezinde 5. sınıfta öğrenim görmekte olan 53 öğrenci çalışmaya dâhil edilmiştir. Veriler, öğrencilerin hazırlamış oldukları videolar ve görüşme formuna verdikleri yanıtlar aracılığıyla toplanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde betimsel ve içerik analizi birlikte kullanılmıştır. Öğrenciler hazırlamış oldukları videolarda su tasarrufu, suyun önemi, su kaynaklarının temizliği, su kirliliği ve suda yaşam konularına yer vermişlerdir. Öğrencilerin bir kısmı ele aldığı konuya ilişkin doğrudan bilgilendirmeler yaparken bir kısmı ise belirli senaryolar oluşturarak ilgili konuyu hikâyeleştirerek izleyicisine sunmuştur. Video içeriklerini zenginleştirmek için öğrencilerin görsel araçlardan faydalandıkları tespit edilmiştir. Öğrencilerin görüşleri gerekçe, mesaj ve yönlendirme başlıkları altında değerlendirilmiştir. Su konusunda verilecek olan eğitimlerde ilgili konunun günlük yaşamla daha fazla ilişkilendirilerek tüm boyutlarıyla ele alınması ve okul dışı öğrenme ortamlarından faydalanılması önerilmiştir.
İlkokul 3. ve 4. Sınıf Öğrencilerine Yönelik Matematik Kaygı Ölçeğinin Psikometrik Özelliklerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: ÇEKMEZ Erdem , TUTİ Gamze , TERZİ Samet Yavuz
Published: October 2023

Bu araştırmanın amacı, ilkokulda öğrenim görmekte olan öğrencilerin matematik kaygı düzeylerini ölçmek için Mutlu ve Söylemez (2018) tarafından geliştirilmiş testin psikometrik özelliklerini Rasch Ölçme Teorisi çerçevesinde incelemektir. Bu amaçla test, madde uyum indeksleri, kategori yapısının işlevselliği, madde ve kişilere yönelik güvenirlik ve ayırt edicilik indeksleri, örneklemi hedefleme yeterliği, maddelerin dağılımı, cinsiyet ve sınıf düzeyi değişkenleri açısından test maddelerinin yanlılık gösterip göstermediği ve boyut yapısı bileşenleri bağlamında analiz edilmiştir. Araştırmanın katılımcılarını Trabzon ilinde farklı ilkokullarda öğrenim görmekte olan 1110 (581 kız, 529 erkek) üçüncü sınıf ve 946 (518 kız, 428 erkek) dördüncü sınıf olmak üzere toplamda 2056 öğrenci oluşturmaktadır. Test öğrencilere uygulandıktan sonra maddelere ve kişilere yönelik ölçüler Derecelendirme Ölçeği Modeli ile Winsteps (Sürüm: 3.91) yazılımı kullanılarak hesaplanmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular benimsenen kategori yapısının önerilen bazı kriterleri ihlal ettiğini, testin tek boyutluluk kriterini sağladığını, maddelerin ölçülen değişkenin farklı seviyelerini kapsadığını, kişi ve madde güvenirlik indekslerinin uygun olduğunu, maddelerin kişileri ayırt etmede düşük performans gösterdiği ve maddelerin cinsiyet ve sınıf düzeyi açısından yanlılık sergilemediğini göstermiştir. Bununla birlikte testin uygulandığı grubu hedeflemede kayda değer bir isabetsizlik sergilediği ortaya çıkmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular temelinde test maddelerine ve maddeleri cevaplamak için benimsenen kategori yapısına ilişkin önerilerde bulunulmuştur.