bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
We Have Always Been Cyborgs
Authors: Sorgner Stefan Lorenz
Published: April 2022

This visionary new book explores the critical issues that link transhumanism with digitalisation, gene technologies and ethics. It examines the history and meaning of transhumanism, offering insightful reflections on values, norms and utopia.
Tectonic Indications for Thickness Change of Geological Formations in South Eastern Part Area of Safen Anticline, North Eastern Iraq
Authors: Ali Ali Hussein , Ward Ayyed Hussein , Hussain Amera Ismael
Published: April 2022

The study area is located in the southeastern part of Safen Anticline, northeastern Iraq. The aim of the study is to discuss the listric fault role in the change of the deposition basin topography of Bekhme and Shiranish formations and finally change of their thicknesses. The field data picked up in September of 2020 include bed attitudes and formation boundaries, with their positions. After the drawing of three cross sections and calculating the thickness of Bekhme and Shiranish formations in the studied area, the results showed that the thickness of the Bekhme Formation which represents the reef environment, increases in thickness within the northeastern limb of the fold, While the thickness of the Shiranish Formation which represents the deep environment, increases within the southwestern limb of the fold. These changes were concluded as result occurred due to the reverse movement of the Listeric fault responsible for the growth of the fold synchronously with Bekhme and Shiranish formation deposition.
Mapping Groundwater Risk Using Geographic Information Systems and QGIS Techniques of the Upper Al-Sanaf Marsh Sub Basin in Maysan, Southern Iraq
Authors: Al-Gburi Madyan Raad , Ramzi Mohamed Shit , Shaikhan Lina Hussein , Habala Rafat Basher
Published: April 2022

It is possible to determine the risks through the existence of contaminated groundwater in some drinking wells. Most of the recent applied studies by groundwater scientists are the exposure of groundwater or aquifers to pollution, especially in areas that contain polluted groundwater due to human use of land. This work intends to produce a map to identify the areas of groundwater at risk. The groundwater risk map is dependent on applying the equation that exemplifies the combination of the map of vulnerability with the map of land uses and land covers using Geographical Information Systems (Version 10.4) and QGIS (Version 3.12) software. In addition, validation work for groundwater risk map with nitrate concentrations have been carried out. The results showed that the area risk map ranges from 117 to 218 (low, medium, high, and very high). The majority of up Al-Sanaf Marsh sub-basin are of low and medium risk, except for some southern, southeastern, northern, and eastern parts the groundwater is high and very high risk.
Utilizing Biogas to Produce Clean Energy from Landfills in Al-Karkh, Baghdad, Iraq
Authors: Jawhar Russell Tariq , Rasoul Esraa Adel , Sultan Maitham Abdullah
Published: April 2022

The gaseous emissions that are emitted from solid waste without treatment or investment are one of the problems that Baghdad suffers from, because of its environmental and health effects, both on the man, animal, or land. The research aims to study the geographical distribution and quality of waste dumps in Al-Karkh in Baghdad, and measure the concentrations of methane gas (CH₄) emitted from the waste balers and landfill in the study area, which is the basis for biogas production to determine the possibility of investing it in energy production and other purposes, and finding appropriate solutions to dispose of waste by appropriate scientific methods. The results showed that most of the waste in the study area consists of organic matter by 42%, and the concentrations of CH4 measured in the study sites during the summer and winter periods, although they did not exceed the global limits, but it can be invested in biogas production which used to produce electrical energy, due to its emission as a result of organic waste decomposition by heat, and benefiting from the hot climate of Baghdad for long periods of time during the year, as well as using the remaining materials from the decomposition process as organic fertilizer for the soil. The study also indicated the best methods that can be disposed of waste are to convert them into clean and environmentally friendly energy by incineration (Energy Recovery) or Energy production from biogas, as well as reduce the amount of generated waste by using recycling, reuse and recovery techniques.
Subsurface Investigation of Voids using Ground Penetration Radar in Bismayah Site, Southern Baghdad, Central Iraq
Authors: Al-Saady Hussein Abdulrahim , Karim Hussein , Al-Menshed Firas
Published: April 2022

Ground Penetration Radar investigation was used to survey the Bismayah pumping station site in Baghdad. The survey includes fifteen Ground Penetration Radar survey lines inside and outside the site, an antenna of 250 MHz was used. The total length of survey lines was about 706 m. The results of Ground Penetration Radar lines in outside station's radargrams exhibit reverberation events in the Ground Penetration Radar signal, it might be interpreted as the inverse of existing voids or noise near the surface. Grouted materials could be understood as the refractor. The results of the radargrams along the paths inside the pumping station revealed that the station collapsed in the north because the reflector of soil creep was visible in the north line path direction. After 4 m from the ground surface and right beneath the foundation base, there was a layer of loose dense river sand filled with water. It is expected that the process of soil creep caused the rush and drift of the pumping station structure towards the withdrawal of water from the well. The results show the efficiency of the Ground Penetration Radar technique in the near-surface investigation of the current study, due to the easy and time saving survey with reasonable results.
COVID-19 and the Unraveling of Experimental Medicine - Part III
Authors:   Department of Radiology, Sparrow Health System, Lansing, MI, Thorp K. E. , Thorp James A. ,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Sisters of St. Mary’s Health System, St. Louis, MO, Thorp Elise M. ,   BS, FNTP
Published: April 2022

In this third part we examine the path not taken: a handful of cheap, widely available, home-based therapies—ozone preconditioning, hydroxychloroquine, and light/vitamin treatment—which, had they been implemented early in the pandemic could have reduced morbidity and mortality by 80% or more.
The Minimum Sombor Index for Unicyclic Graphs with Fixed Diameter
Authors:   Tafresh University,Tafresh, Iran, Alidadi Amene , Parsian Ali , Arianpoor Hassan
Published: April 2022

As a novel member of the class of vertex-degree-based topological indices, the so-called Sombor index was recently introduced by Gutman on the chemical graphs. In this paper, we present the minimum Sombor index for unicyclic graphs with the diameter D>_2.
On Bond Incident Degree Indices of Connected Graphs with Fixed Order and Number of Pendent Vertices
Authors:   South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China, Zhou Wenliang , Pang Shumei , Liu Muhuo , Ali Akbar
Published: April 2022

The graphs having the maximum value of certain bond incident degree indices (including the second Zagreb index, general sum-connectivity index, and general zeroth-order Randić index) in the class of all connected graphs with fixed order and number of pendent vertices are characterized in this paper. The problem of finding graphs having the minimum values of the second Zagreb index and general zeroth-order Randić index from the aforementioned class of connected graphs is also addressed. One of the obtained results about the first Zagreb index has already been proved in the papers [I. Gutman, M. Kamran Jamil, N. Akhter, Trans. Combin. 4 (2015) 43-48] and [M. Enteshari, B. Taeri, MATCH Commun. Math. Comput. Chem. 86 (2021) 17-28]; however, it is proved here by another method with a short proof. Moreover, one of the obtained results concerning the second Zagreb index gives a partial solution to a problem attacked in the aforementiond paper of Enteshari and Taeri.
Matching Forcing Polynomials of Constructable Hexagonal Systems
Authors:   Lanzhou University of Finance and Economics, Lanzhou, China, Zhao Shuang
Published: April 2022

Harary et al. put forward the concept on the minimum cardinality over all subsets of perfect matching M that are not included by any other ones, to be the forcing number for M. A counting polynomial for perfect matchings possessing the same forcing number was introduced by Zhang et al., using the name `forcing polynomial'. This research deduces recurrence formulas of forcing polynomials for monotonic constructable hexagonal systems and constructable hexagonal systems with one turning. From them, a characterization of continuity of forcing spectrum for hexagonal systems with forcing edges can be derived.
Uticaj novog javnog menadžmeta na privatizaciju javnih službi
Authors:   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Law, Jovanović Zoran
Published: April 2022

Public services that satisfy the interest of the community in contemporary conditions are provided by administrative organizations, market entities or an administrative organization and a private entity together through various arrangements, all depending on the generally accepted conception of the role of the state in public administration. Some of the countries to be analyzed went much deeper into management than other countries because governments realized that they did not have to provide goods and services to citizens if they could not guarantee that services would be provided fairly, which contributed to the rapid and effective public service reform. The state (administration) becomes (remains) only the coordinator of public policies that ensures fairness in providing services to citizens, and ceases to be its undisputed immediate executor. In this paper, the author analyzes the impact of new public management on the privatization of public services in the United States and in Westminster countries (Canada, United Kingdom and Australia). Private provision of public services has long been a part of efficient and effective governance in these countries. In the midst of new public management reforms that have spread around the world since the 1980s and beyond, there is a growing interest in private governance and ownership of key public services at all levels of government. A key question for governments considering privatizing public services is whether private firms provide higher quality services than their public sector partners. Compared to the performance of private sector organizations, the quality of public service delivery is difficult to measure and monitor in today's context. For these reasons, it is sometimes thought that private firms may not have the necessary capabilities to deal with all elements of effective public service management.
Stvaranje etičkih kodeksa
Authors:   Faculty of Law, University of Novi Sad, Ćorić Dragana
Published: April 2022

Creating legal acts is sometimes a time-consuming and painstaking process. To approach this process, the norm-maker is required to have a good knowledge of law, as well as other social sciences, such as politics, economics, sociology, and linguistics. Knowledge of psychology is also often important, because of the psychological effects that a norm might have on on the addressee - whether it will motivate them to respect it or to disobedience. The process of creating a legal act is therefore a sum of different action steps, starting with numerous preparatory actions and even acquiring new knowledge to write the act well, until the final linguistic formulation. As a special type of acts, the creation of which is given special attention , there are the codes of ethics of various professionals, of professional associations as well as of employees in state bodies and other institutions and organizations Their specificity rests on the prior special recognition and formulation of values that this group of professionals should follow. Compliance with these rules should come not only from the fear of applying a sanction, but from recognizing those values as their own, as it is the only way for a profession to be pursued. In our work we are dealing with the process of creating these codes, defining values and achieving the consent of professionals that these values are their way and way of performing their profession.
The Correction of Plagiocephaly
Authors: Martins António Gentil
Published: April 2022

Real Plagiocephaly is a rare form of craniosynostosis, resulting from the premature fusion of the coronal suture on one side, leading to a deformed head and to an apparently exteriorized homolateral eye. We present a simple and straightforward technique, based on removal of the involved suture, with the surgical incision prolonged to the orbital roof till near the ethmoide. After having sectioned the lateral border of the orbit at the junction of the zygomatic and frontal bones, a paramedian incision is made on the frontal bone, from the anterior fontanel (always carefully preserved), till the glabella. Then follows simple osteoclasia of the frontal bone and placement of a bone graft obtained from the adjacent parietal bone and that will maintain the forward projection of the frontal bone (but in slight hypercorrection). The grafts are simply fixed with silk sutures, placed through perforating holes in the bones, no metal being used. The transverse surgical wound, going almost from ear to ear, is closed in the usual way.
Sistem Pakar Diagnosis Penyakit Saraf Motorik Menerapkan Metode Fuzzy Mamdani
Authors: Prasetyo Bagus
Published: April 2022

Motor nerve diseases are a group of neurological disorders that cause gradual loss of muscle strength. Motor nerves are divided into two types, namely upper motor neurons and lower motor neurons. The UMN originates in the brain and is responsible for sending signals from the brain to the brainstem or to the spinal cord. While the LMN originates from the brain stem and spinal cord, and functions to transmit signals to all muscles. The signals sent are used to regulate body muscle movements, such as walking, gripping, breathing, speaking, or swallowing. When motor nerve function is disturbed, the sufferer will find it difficult to carry out these movements. Problems that occur in the RSU. Mitra Medika Medan in the process of consulting patients who experience motor nerve disease problems, namely the process of diagnosing motor nerve diseases using the services of an expert doctor in the field of motor nerve disease diagnosis by consulting conventional methods, the time needed to serve many patients is less efficient, so long queues can be avoided. so that not a few patients feel disappointed. Overcome problems that occur in RSU. Mitra Medika Medan, it is necessary to have a tool in the form of an expert system that provides diagnostic results in accordance with expert knowledge. Therefore, in this study, the authors built an expert system for diagnosing motor neuron disease using visual-based visual basic net 2008 by applying the Mamdani method as a method of solving diagnostic problems in the expert system that was built
The Impact of Innovation on the Pakistan Economy Measuring through Performance/Portfolio Innovation Index
Authors: Awan Sidra Yasin , Shafique Saima , Ahmad Rashid , Bashir Furrukh
Published: April 2022

Innovation plays pivotal role in economic development. Several proxies’ exports of high technology, manufacturing sector share in GDP, ICT goods exports, R & D spending, employment population ratio, capital formation (gross), tertiary enrollment rate, poverty rate and unemployment rate are selected from numerous literatures that plays key role in growth of economy and contributes in promoting the innovation activities as well. The study has used the time series data which covers the period from 1985 to 2016. Econometric techniques ARDL and GMM E-views tests suggested by Unit root test are applied on these variables by dividing it into two indices: input indices and output indices which give positive results of having long run relationship with GDP. Moreover Performance/ portfolio innovation index is calculated by taking above proxies as base variables by the method used by Purdue centre of R&D, USA (2009). Results revealed that Pakistan strongly needs to enhance its innovation capacity to accelerate growth level of its economy.
Sustainable Livelihood of Households in Tourism Destination: Evidence From in the Wulingyuan World Heritage Site
Authors: Qian Zhang , Siyi Liu , Jing Liu , Wen Julie Jie
Published: April 2022

In the process of resource protection and development of World Heritage Sites, the sustainability of the livelihoods of heritage site residents is one of its important tasks. Taking Wulingyuan, a world heritage tourism site, as an example to construct the livelihood evaluation index system of households, and use the participatory farmer survey method to conduct household surveys on households. Based on livelihood strategies, households are divided into different types of livelihood, their livelihood capital is assessed, and their livelihood obstacle factors are identified. The research results show that: Under the influence of rural tourism development, households' livelihood capital has been improved as a whole. There are differences in the level of livelihood capital of different types of households. From high to low, they are: tourism-dominant type, working-dominant type and agricultural--dominant type. The World Heritage Site households' Sustainable Livelihood Obstacle Index is ranked from high to low as social capital, human capital, financial capital, natural capital, and physical capital; the top three indicators are: online social media, social network support, family farmland area. Different types of households have different obstacles, social capital is the biggest obstacle in common among the three types of households, and the primary obstacle is online social media.
Discover Potential of Community-based Tourism in Non Nuoc Cao Bang UNESCO Global Geo-park, Vietnam
Authors: Phuong Cao Thi Thanh
Published: April 2022

The poetic landscape, majestic mountains and the system of waterfalls, interesting rivers and lakes,... create a picture of a “fairy landscape” of the Non Nuoc UNESCO Cao Bang region. The beautiful scenery here is also associated with the global geo-historical values, the values ​​of biodiversity, the diversity of national identities and the richness of culture and history with many national-level cultural and historical relics. National, special country has created for the area of Non Nuoc Cao Bang Geopark a special attraction for domestic and foreign tourists. The article focuses on exploring the natural and human potential of the Non Nuoc Cao Bang Global Geopark area as well as the tourism results achieved in the past time to serve as a basis for proposing solutions to develop the area develop the type of community-based tourism for the study area.
The Myth of Eliminating AEG: Revisiting the Literature
Authors: Sayedahmed Nael , Tahir Adnan , Oswal Nidhi
Published: April 2022

During the past few years, there have been extensive research that investigated the Audit Expectation Gap (AEG) from different perspectives. One of the most common areas of discussion was the importance of narrowing down the gap and harmonizing different opinions of involved parties in this problem. The current research starts by explaining AEG, its reasons, its impacts on both auditors and users of financial statements, and finally how the gap could be eliminated. This is done through extensive review of literature about the topic in both developed and developing countries, where a theoretical construct is presented for AEG and most effective procedures for elimination of AEG are later presented and for different environments.
A Theoretical Discourse of Substance Abuse and Security Threat among Nigerian Youths; Current Literatures and Interrogations
Authors: Abayomi Aborisade Richard , Muyideen Ogunmefun Folorunsho , Evelyn Aluko Tolulope
Published: April 2022

The ever increasing menace associated with substance or illegal drug consumption among the Nigerian youth is endemic and it has posed as serious challenges and threats toward achieving progressive growth and development on the part of the families, community members, medical practitioners, social workers and other researched area throughout the world. Several publications articulated claim that youths are the future leaders of tomorrow due to their unique characteristics. Unfortunately when denied access to showcase their talents, the situation result to antisocial behaviour (trauma, dependency, larceny,/thefts, poor manpower development among others) that may hampered human and societal development Strain theory, Rational Choice theory and Structural Functionalism were adopted. Content analysis method was adopted in reviewing various publications from Jstor, Scopus, PDF, and Scholarly Google among others. The consequence of increase in security issues can be related to several factors which include illicit drug usage, poor parenting style, peer pressure, poor role modelling. On these grounds, the following recommendations were make- the parent should by all means socialized their children in the way of the Lord so that they will not depart from it, de-associate themselves from negative or bad company as friends or role model, the government at all levels should create recreation, sports centres for the youths to channel their youthful energy, more of public awareness should be carried out in various communities to awake the moral consciousness of the youths concerning negative consequences associated with illicit drug intake
Further Discussion on Case Teaching Method Via A Case of Spreading False Information Online of Some Bad Vietnam Websites and Criminal Laws of Indonesian and China
Authors: Huy Dinh Tran Ngoc , Hoa Le Huong , Die Nguyen Trong , Hien Dinh Tran Ngoc
Published: April 2022

There will be suitable criminal laws for the case of spreading false information online of some bad Vietnam websites such as: Thanh nien newspaper, Tuoi tre newspaper, giaoduc.edu.vn, vietnamnet.vn, facebook.com> Liemchinhkhoahoc, nguyenduyxuan.net, etc. In specific, Thanh nien newspaper (Thanhnien.vn) and Tuoi tre newspaper (Tuoitre.vn) and recently, Vietnamnet.vn (online) violated during 2015-2022 period in Vietnam. By using synthesis and inductive methods, observations and experiences from other countries, authors will address this case that can be considered as internet crime (a kind of). Not only violating privacy law but also violating fake news publishing laws and slander laws. Allcott and Gentzkow (2017) worked toward a definition of “false news”.  Their study defines this news genre as “A news story that has no factual basis, but it presented as news” . Hence, authors will both present a case teaching method for social sciences and law students (with English using) and address how Indonesia and China deal with this case. Then we also refer to Ho Chi Minh ideas on journalism to teach students in social sciences, and laws majors.
Spontaneous Regression of Lymphatic Malformation -A Rare Case of Transient Macroglossia
Authors:   Department of Pediatrics, Adesh Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Ranjan Raksha , Mehta Sonalika ,   Department of Paediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
Published: April 2022

Lymphatic malformation (LM) is a rare benign proliferation of dilated lymphatic vessels with inappropriate communication, filled with lymphatic fluid and lined by endothelial cells. Its occurrence is rare in the oral cavity; however, inside the oral cavity most common site is anterior two-thirds on the dorsum of the tongue, presenting as macroglossia. Macroglossia compromises the airway, often leads to obstructive sleep apnea, malocclusion, and speech and mastication difficulty. The main objective of tongue LM treatment is to preserve the taste sensation, restoration of the tongue size for articulation and cosmesis. We report a rare case of transient intermittent macroglossia due to LM. The patient presented with painful swelling of the tongue, relative macroglossia. There was spontaneous regression of LM with antibiotics and corticosteroids. LM can grow suddenly due to infection or hemorrhage and can shrink spontaneously. Upon treatment of the infection, there is spontaneous regression, total or partial. Therefore, expectant management should be considered in the treatment of tongue LM, to preserve the functions of tongue.
Effects of Combined Oral Contraceptives on Women’s Sexual Function, Eje Cafetero, Colombia, 2016-2020
Authors:   Gynecology and Obstetrics, Nueva Granda Military University, Colombia, De La Hoz Franklin Jose Espitia
Published: April 2022

Introduction: The sexual function of women could be affected by the use of combined oral contraceptives. Objective: To evaluate the sexual function of women users of combined oral contraceptives and to know the adverse events. Materials and methods: Cross-sectional study in 224 women over 18 years of age, sexually active, users of combined oral contraceptives (Estradiol Valerate/ Dienogest: VE₂/DNG, ethinylestradiol/levonorgestrel: EE₂/LNG and ethinylestradiol/drospirenone: EE₂/DSP), who attended three university clinics in the Coffee Region (Colombia); between 2016 and 2020. The Female Sexual Function Index (IFSF) instrument was used. Descriptive statistics were applied.
Pelaksanaan Shalat Dhuha Dalam Meningkatkan Kecerdasan Spiritual Pada Siswa SMA 8 Sinjai
Authors: Surianti Surianti , Rahmatullah Rahmatullah
Published: April 2022

Shalat sangat berpengaruh besar dalam proses penyembuhan manusia dari penyakit hati dan jiwa, dengan kita berserah diri kepada Allah SWT, akan timbul perasaan damai dan tenang dalam hati dan jiwa kita. Kelompok Remaja saat ini sangat rentan terbawa arus. selain itu, dalam segi agama juga banyak ditemukan individu yang secara intelegensi bagus seperti khatam dengan berbagai disiplin agama, tetapi secara psikologis mereka masih melanggar tatanan nilai dan norma agama yg mereka anut. Oleh karena itu selain hal intelegensi, kecerdasan spiritual juga sangat penting diasah sejak dini.

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian lapangan yang termasuk metode penelitian kualitatif deskriptif yang dilaksanakan di SMA Negeri 8 Sinjai dengan subyek penelitian adalah siswa SMA Negeri 8 Sinjai. Metode pengumpulan datanya diperoleh dari observasi dan wawancara.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa proses pelaksanaan shalat sunnah dhuha di SMA Negeri 8 Sinjai dilakukan pada awal hari sebelum memulai pelajaran yaitu pada pukul 07:00-07:15 WITA yang diimami oleh guru agama yang bertugas dan dilaksanakan secara berjamaah sebanyak empat rakaat. Pelaksanaan shalat dhuha di SMA Negeri 8 Sinjai ternyata memberikan dampak yang cukup baik terhadapa peningkatan kecerdasan spiritual siswa yang ditandai dengan menurunya tingkat kenakalan siswa, dan meningkatnya kedisiplinan dan prestasi siswa.
PROBLEMATIKA DAN PENDAMPINGAN ANAK YANG MENGALAMI GANGGUAN GADGET
Authors: Alawiyah Desi , Mulkiyan Mulkiyan , Muh.erwin
Published: April 2022

Gadget merupakan alat telekomunikasi kecil yang berfungsi memiliki tujuan dan fungsi praktis terutama untuk membantu pekerjaan manusia. Kemajuan semakin pesat hampir semua orang memiliki gadget untuk mempermudah dan juga menjadi alternatif hiburan. Orang dewasa dan ataupun orangtua menggunkan gadget sehingga anak-anak pun melihat dan mengikuti. Tetapi problematikanya anak-anak belum dapat mengontrol penggunaan gadget. Adapun beberapa hasil dari artikel ini untuk upaya yang dapat dilakukan untuk mengurangi ketergantungan anak dalam menggunakan gadget diantaranya: Pilih sesuai dengan usia anak, Selektif dalam memilihkan aplikasi permainan di dalam gadget, Temani anak dalam bermain, Batasi waktu bermain gadget anak, serta mengajak anak melakukan kegiatan positif.
ANALISIS LAYANAN BIMBINGAN DAN KONSELING QUR’ANI DALAM MENUMBUHKAN KESADARAN BERAGAMA PESERTA DIDIK DI SEKOLAH
Authors: Zulkifli A  , Sa'adah Nurus , Alawiyah Desi
Published: April 2022

Tulisan ini dibuat dengan tujuan untuk memperkenalkan dan menjelaskan tentang layanan bimbingan dan konseling qur’ani dalam menumbuhkan kesadaran beragama peserta didik di sekolah. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah studi kepustakaan (library reaserc). Sasaran tulisan ini adalah sekolah, lembaga pendidikan formal dan non formal, guru dan konselor. Secara sinkat, dari tulisan ini dapat dipahami tentang metode layanan bimbingan dan konseling qur’ani dalam menumbuhkan kesadaran beragama peserta didik di sekolah yang terdiri dari, pertama: memberikan keteladanan melalui sikap dan tindakan (keteladanan), kedua: mengajak berfikir dan menganalisis (metode penalaran), ketiga: metode kisah (cerita), keempat: metode konseling qur’ani. Dengan adanya tulisan ini diharapkan guru dan konselor dapat memberikan bimbingan dan konseling terhadap siswa dalam menumbuhkan kesadaran beragama.
Mercado Institucional e PNAE: desvelando aspectos subjacentes ao processo de implementação local
Authors: Bastos Rosária Cal , Freitas Alair Ferreira de , Loreto Maria das Dores Saraiva de , Paes Luana Fernandes Silva
Published: April 2022

Políticas públicas direcionadas a agricultura familiar estão sendo formuladas e implementadas pelo Governo Brasileiro, visando conectar a agricultura familiar ao consumo de alimentos da população, além da inserção ao mercado institucional, por exemplo, o Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar (PNAE). O artigo visa analisar, por meio da teoria da Nova Sociologia Econômica (NSE), o processo da implementação do PNAE no município de Coimbra, MG, relacionando análises realizadas nas redes sociais com a avaliação do PNAE, a fim de identificar como as redes sociais podem influenciar os resultados localmente. Utilizou-se da pesquisa qualitativa, documental, entrevista e observação. Os resultados indicaram que o PNAE é caracterizado pela flexibilização das dinâmicas das redes sociais e pela colaboração e integração entre os atores, havendo ajuda mútua e compartilhamento e integração entre eles.
Costurando gênero e processo de trabalho na indústria brasileira do vestuário
Authors: Lemos Patrícia Rocha , Castro Mariana Pereira de
Published: April 2022

A reorganização global da produção tem impactado de forma significativa os processos e condições de trabalho na indústria do vestuário, um dos setores mais tradicionais e expressivos da indústria brasileira. Fundamentado em extensa pesquisa de campo e entrevista com trabalhadoras e dirigentes sindicais, o artigo evidencia as formas como o gênero é mobilizado nos processos de trabalho nessa indústria e seus impactos sobre as trabalhadoras. Composto majoritariamente por mulheres, o sentido dessas transformações está fortemente marcado pelo aprofundamento da precarização das condições de trabalho já características do setor, viabilizada por um conjunto de mecanismos (velhos e novos) de controle e práticas de violência fundados na divisão sexual do trabalho.
Acesso infantojuvenil à saúde mental: do CAPSi às Conferências de Saúde
Authors: Cubas João Mario , Grassi Victoria Bonamigo , Alvarenga Rodrigo , Carvalho Deborah Ribeiro
Published: April 2022

Este artigo objetiva analisar como a percepção dos profissionais dos Centros de Atenção Psicossocial Infantil, acerca do acesso infanto-juvenil aos serviços de saúde mental, repercutem nas diretrizes das conferências de saúde. Foram analisados dados coletados por meio de entrevistas e a partir dos relatórios das conferências, com foco na relação entre as impressões dos profissionais e como o tema da saúde mental infantojuvenil é apresentado nas conferências. Mesmo diante de temas enfocando a democracia, a saúde mental da criança e do adolescente não se fez representada nos relatórios das Conferências de Saúde. Nota-se que existe uma barreira de compreensão no que diz respeito à saúde mental infantojuvenil, pois a alteridade da criança e do adolescente pode ser negada como resultado da ausência de uma perspectiva democrática e deliberativa na elaboração das políticas públicas.
O trabalho de catadores associados: imbricamento entre precarização e autogestão
Authors: Souza Diego de Oliveira , Vera Cruz Ingrid Louise Vieira , Santos Lucas Barros dos
Published: April 2022

O objeto dessa pesquisa consiste no trabalho de catadores, especialmente apreendido por meio da recente configuração coletiva, por meio de associações. O objetivo é analisar as possibilidades e os limites do trabalho de catadores associados. Na primeira parte, realizamos um estudo teórico, porquanto apresentamos os fundamentos que sustentam a crítica marxista a atual forma de trabalho associado, cujo um dos exemplos está nas associações de catadores. Na segunda etapa, analisamos alguns dados empíricos sobre uma associação. Realizamos a triangulação de três etapas de coleta de dados junto à associação: entrevistas, grupo focal e relato de atividades de extensão. Constatou-se que a atividade de catação compareceu como alternativa ao desemprego e que, embora produza contingências para a sobrevivência, desenvolve-se imbricada à precarização do trabalho.
Climate Change and Water Sources: A Case of Phobjikha and Gangtey Gewog, Wangdue Phodrang Dzongkhag, Bhutan
Authors: Wangmo Namgay , Jambay  , Dorji Ugyen , Katel Om
Published: April 2022

Water is a fundamental resource and for millions of people living in the Himalayas, springs are their only source of water for household and farming. To meet the water requirements, the communities depend on rain-fed springs which are highly sensitive to climate change. Rural communities in developing countries would be the most affected among other communities around the world as they have limited resources at their disposal. The objective of this study is to document the local people's awareness of climate change and their knowledge of water source dynamics constrained by climate change impacts in Phobjikha and Gangtey Gewogs, one of the Ramsar sites in Bhutan. A total of 248 households were interviewed using structured questionnaires employing simple random sampling techniques. Chi-Square test of independence was conducted. Results indicate that education is associated with awareness and water source dynamics. However, the majority of the residents do not have a clear understanding of how climate change affects water sources and how those sources should be protected. We recommend the relevant agency provide education and awareness on climate change impacts and training on water sources protection and management to local people. This would not only help local people enhance their resilience against climate change impacts but also protect their local resources for sustainable livelihoods.  Also, Phobjikha and Gangtey are important locations to study climate change impacts in high altitude areas concerning both local peoples' adaptation strategies and dynamics of water as vital natural resources.
Representation and the Internal World: A Perspective from Evolutionary Mind
Authors: Zhang Wei
Published: April 2022

From the perspective of phenomenology and phylogenetic evolution, this manuscript reports a critical study of the core position of representation in the mind. The development of mind can be divided into three stages: body, unconsciousness, and consciousness. In this complex evolutionary process, the organism gradually has a relatively independent internal world, and it can use representation to simulate the interaction between itself and the world. Accordingly, its ways to deal with the world’s “challenges” have become more flexible and diverse. In addition, the internal world can go beyond the simple “replication” and “simulation” to some extent, and construct people or things unlike the real world (even nonexistent people or things). On one hand, it provides soil for human creative activities; on the other hand, it provides a hotbed for human beings to get out of the real world and immerse themselves in various fantasies. Human beings live in the world under the “resulting force” of the internal loop and the external loop.
Structure of Diplomatic Terms of Uzbek Language
Authors: Mavlyanov Sanjar Djambulovich
Published: April 2022

The article analyzes the structure of diplomatic terms in the Uzbek language. The article highlights the topics of classification of diplomatic terms depending on their structure, and also describes the features of the semantics of some terms. The materials of this article can be used by linguists, people involved in the field of diplomacy and researchers.
Mersin City-Lab: Co-creative and participatory design approach for a circular neighbourhood
Authors: Naycı Nida , Tan Ekim , Saf Hayriye Oya , Mazmancı Mehmet Ali , Arslan Hüdaverdi , Yalvaç Mutlu , Kurt Mehmet Ali
Published: April 2022

While environmental, economical and social challenges that the world has been facing recently are increasing dramatically; cities have played critical role in generation many of these problems like negative impacts on environment and overconsumption of resources. Most of the cities today face severe sustainability challenges including sanitation, air pollution, environmental degradation, over population and lack of livability. However, cities may also raise answers to find solutions against many of such complex urban problems, since they are assumed as creative and innovative platforms for social ecosystem of ideas. In this sense, there is increasing interest in ‘City Laboratories’ or ‘Urban Living Labs’, which are established to provide creative experimental platforms with participation of city actors to discuss urban sustainability issues before implementation of deep and structural urban changes for citizens. They provide participatory, co-creative and experimental platforms for self-organizing cities. The aim of this paper is to discuss a collaborative City Laboratory approach -Mersin City Lab- to achieve sustainability principles during urban regeneration process for the selected case-study area located in Mersin. Mersin City Lab focuses on two aspects: Firstly, ‘City Lab’ approach, involves citizens and stakeholders into decision-making process. Secondly, it  focuses on urban transformation process with circularity principles including water, mobility, energy, waste management, food and circular economy to achieve sustainable neighborhood development. The paper starts with introduction of ‘city-gaming’ methodology which has been adopted as the main structure of participation of multi-stakeholders. It continues with discussions on stages of the case-study project through implementation of workshops and game sessions by participation of multi stake-holders. Following, the results gathered from overall evaluations of participants’ proposals regarding land-use, mobility and urban water management, local economy, urban development, urban agriculture and food strategies in neighborhood level are discussed. Finally, the paper concludes with impacts of City Labs approach and city-gaming methodology on decision-making process for real urban problems and urban settings.
Investigation of the footprints of ecological criteria in a historical minority mansion in Kayseri Talas
Authors: Parlak Biçer Zübeyde Özlem
Published: April 2022

Societies have reflected their cultures and lifestyles through the environment they have shaped. This is also true for minority groups in society. Environmental problems arise due to the use of all resources for cheap and fast production without considering the result of technological developments. Changes in nature, which form the basis of many disaster scenarios, also require urgent measures to be taken in many areas. Efforts should be made to minimize the damage to the environment. In this context, as in many other fields, the number of studies on ecology and sustainability in the field of architecture is increasing day by day. Ecological building designs are the most important reflection of this. In this direction, the development of certification systems and the promotion of ecological structures come to the fore. The research looks at the concepts of ecology and sustainability from a different perspective and traces the ecological architecture through a residential building belonging to minorities that can be qualified as a historical cultural heritage and located in the Yukarı Talas locality of Talas district of Kayseri. In order to produce sustainable designs in places where life is lived, it is considered important to consider the way in which human beings shape the environment in which they live in the historical process, also in minority architecture. Within the scope of the study, the mansion in Talas, Kayseri, which was built in the 19th century and passed from an Armenian family to a Turkish family in the process, was evaluated within the scope of today's ecological architecture criteria and it was found that a significant part of these criteria was met in this building. The mansion is discussed in terms of ecology, energy, economy, indoor environmental quality, health and welfare, innovation, management, land use, transportation, renewable technology, water, environmental pollution, CO2 emission, material and waste criteria. In the study; It has been determined that there are ecological approaches to the historical minority mansion. With reference to the findings, suggestions have been developed to produce ecological, nature-friendly and energy efficient structures for today and the future.
A comparative analysis of building large-scale projects in developing countries by emphasizing on land value changes: Tehran-Iran Mall versus Istanbul-Third Airport
Authors: Nasrollahzadeh Somaiyeh
Published: April 2022

Today's cities are competitive in the process of globalization. Their survival depends on attracting as much capital as possible for the various productive, infrastructure, economic, political and social sectors. The more capital raised, the parts that use it also get improved in number and scale. The process of raising capital depends on the circumstances of each city. So that, in some cities, high demand leads to increase the capacity of economic infrastructure sectors, in others, they make demand by creating economic, social, infrastructure capacity and opportunities on a large scale. This is even more important for cities in developing countries as it helps them reach the development thresholds. Meanwhile, the Tehran (Iran) and Istanbul (Turkey) cities, due to their location, economic and political conditions, have always been challenged to attract capital. Therefore, in recent decades, they have started to make investment capacities by developing large-scale projects. This study aims to verify two of the most challenging large-scale projects in these two cities. To achieve the study’s goal, the projects and their types are first discussed. Also, the impact on the lands values in the neighboring area is evaluated as one of the existing effects on the host environment. The rate of impacts varies depending on the type of projects. According to the research findings, the essences of the two projects and the purposes of their constructions are different from each other. One attempts to attract as much capital as possible in order to show off its social and cultural capitals (Iran mall- Tehran), and the other aims at economic and political benefits in competition with similar projects. Regarding land prices, in addition to the fact that these two projects have caused significant increases in land values of the host districts, they have also transformed the social structure of the residents living there.
Resilience of rural settlement morphology dynamics: The case of Kargalı district (village)
Authors: Demiroğlu İzgi Begüm
Published: April 2022

In this study, the term resilience has been examined in terms of ecological, economic, and cultural parameters specific to residential areas. Recently, changing needs and increasing the speed of change due to developing technology are reflected as internal and external threats to residential areas. Change is inevitable for each parameter over time, but it can also pose a threat to the morphology and identity of residential areas. The buffer zone to be created by the residential areas against this threat reduces the severity of the incoming impact and revises it and provides the adaptation of identity and morphology dynamics to the new situation with its resilience. In the first part of the study, the identity of the settlements and the resilience factor against change/transformation threats are explained according to the definitions in the literature. In the second part, the dynamics of rural settlement morphology are defined and the effect of rural resistance on the dynamics is presented. In the last part, a stratification analysis is made according to certain year intervals over the Kargalı district (village) of the Polatlı District of Ankara. The sample was analyzed in terms of rural area, road traces, environmental location relations, structural boundaries, landmarks, and the changes/transformations of all these morphology dynamics over time, its resilience, and adaptation/mutation processes. The effects and possible results of the resilience of rural settlements for sustainable rural settlement, which are more affected by similar internal or external threats than urban, on the dynamics of settlement morphology and resident over time, constitute the desired findings of the study.
Implementasi Program Desa Berdaya Melalui Economic Branding Pada Dinas Pemberdayaan Masyarakat dan Desa Kabupaten Lamongan
Authors: Ayu Lestary Riska , Hadi Krishno , Apriyanto Romadhan Ach.
Published: April 2022

This study examined the Program Desa Berdaya which is a form of the East Java Provincial Government with the aim to help improve the economy of rural communities in East Java, it is the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic. In this paper uses policy implementation theory that analyzes the Empowered Village program with 4 variables, namely: (1) Analysis of Policy Content Between Policy Levels (2) Institutions and Policy Implementing Resources (3) Program Socialization (4) Program Target Group Response. This research uses qualitative methods through descriptive approaches with data collection techniques through observation, documentation, and interviews. This research was conducted for 2 months at the Lamongan Regency Community and Village Empowerment Office. The results of the study showed that this program provides assistance to villages to realize products that will become village icons, the involvement of local governments ranging from provinces, districts/cities to villages is very influential on the success of the Empowered Village Program. In its implementation, of course, there are several mechanisms that are carried out. The realization of the Empowered Village program went well because the village had implemented several indicators of success that had been set out in the program guidelines.
Studies in Permian and Permo-Triassic microremains
Authors: Nestell Merlynd K. , Wardlaw Bruce R.
Published: April 2022

Preface
Conodont faunas from a complete basinal succession of the upper part of the Wordian (Middle Permian, Guadalupian,West Texas)
Authors: Wardlaw Bruce R. , Nestell Merlynd K.
Published: April 2022

In the southern part of the Patterson Hills just to the west of the Guadalupe Mountains escarpment of West Texas, a 29m outcrop of alternating calcareous siltstone and silty limestone with a few thin fine sandstone interbeds displays the overlap occurrence of a narrow morphotype of Jinogondolella nankingensis (herein named J. nankingensis behnkeni) with J. aserrata near its base. The transition of Jinogondolella aserrata to J. postserrata is present near the top of this section and marks the Wordian-Capitanian boundary, therefore displaying a significant portion of the upper part of the Wordian in one short continuous section. Pseudohindeodus brevis n. sp. and H. capitanensis n. sp. are described. Pseudohindeodus ramovsi, Caenodontus serrulatus, Hindeodus wordensis, Sweetina triticum, Jinogondolella palmata, and J. errata also occur in this succession.