bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A unified data set of airborne cloud remote sensing using the HALO
Microwave Package (HAMP)
Authors: Konow Heike , Jacob Marek , Ament Felix , Crewell Susanne , Ewald Florian , Hagen Martin , Hirsch Lutz , Jansen Friedhelm , Mech Mario , Stevens Bjorn
Published: November 2018

Abstract. Cloud properties and their environmental conditions were observed during four aircraft campaigns over the North Atlantic on 37 flights. The Halo Microwave Package (HAMP) was deployed on the German research aircraft HALO (High Altitude LOng range research aircraft) during these four campaigns. HAMP comprises microwave radiometers with 26 channels in the frequency range between 20 and 183 GHz and a 35 GHz cloud radar. The four campaigns took place between December 2013 and October 2016 out of Barbados and Iceland. Measured situations cover a wide range of conditions including the dry and wet season over the tropical Atlantic and the cold and warm sectors of mid-latitude cyclones. The data set we present here contains measurements of the radar reflectivity factor and linear depolarization ratio from cloud radar, brightness temperatures from microwave radiometers, and atmospheric profiles from dropsondes. It represents a unique combination of active and passive microwave remote sensing measurements and 525 in-situ measured dropsonde profiles. The data from these different instruments are quality controlled and unified into one common format for easy combination of data and joint analysis. The data are available from the CERA database for the four campaigns individually (https://doi.org/10.1594/WDCC/HALO_measurements_1, https://doi.org/10.1594/WDCC/HALO_measurements_2, https://doi.org/10.1594/WDCC/HALO_measurements_3, https://doi.org/10.1594/WDCC/HALO_measurements_4). This data set allows for analyses to get insight into cloud properties and atmospheric state in remote regions over the tropical and mid-latitude Atlantic. In this paper, we describe the four campaigns, the data, and the quality control applied to the data.
A review of the (Revised) Universal Soil Loss Equation ((R)USLE): with a view to increasing its global applicability and improving soil loss estimates
Authors: Benavidez Rubianca , Jackson Bethanna , Maxwell Deborah , Norton Kevin
Published: November 2018

Abstract. Soil erosion is a major problem around the world because of its effects on
soil productivity, nutrient loss, siltation in water bodies, and degradation
of water quality. By understanding the driving forces behind soil erosion, we
can more easily identify erosion-prone areas within a landscape to address
the problem strategically. Soil erosion models have been used to assist in
this task. One of the most commonly used soil erosion models is the Universal
Soil Loss Equation (USLE) and its family of models: the Revised Universal
Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE), the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation
version 2 (RUSLE2), and the Modified Universal Soil Loss Equation (MUSLE).
This paper reviews the different sub-factors of USLE and RUSLE, and analyses
how different studies around the world have adapted the equations to local
conditions. We compiled these studies and equations to serve as a reference
for other researchers working with (R)USLE and related approaches. Within each sub-factor section, the
strengths and limitations of the different equations are discussed, and
guidance is given as to which equations may be most appropriate for
particular climate types, spatial resolution, and temporal scale. We
investigate some of the limitations of existing (R)USLE formulations, such as
uncertainty issues given the simple empirical nature of the model and many of
its sub-components; uncertainty issues around data availability; and its
inability to account for soil loss from gully erosion, mass wasting events,
or predicting potential sediment yields to streams. Recommendations on how to
overcome some of the uncertainties associated with the model are given.
Several key future directions to refine it are outlined: e.g. incorporating
soil loss from other types of soil erosion, estimating soil loss at
sub-annual temporal scales, and compiling consistent units for the future
literature to reduce confusion and errors caused by mismatching units. The
potential of combining (R)USLE with the Compound Topographic Index (CTI) and
sediment delivery ratio (SDR) to account for gully erosion and sediment yield
to streams respectively is discussed. Overall, the aim of this paper is to
review the (R)USLE and its sub-factors, and to elucidate the caveats,
limitations, and recommendations for future applications of these soil
erosion models. We hope these recommendations will help researchers more
robustly apply (R)USLE in a range of geoclimatic regions with varying data
availability, and modelling different land cover scenarios at finer spatial
and temporal scales (e.g. at the field scale with different cropping
options).
EARTHQUAKE FORECASTING USING ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS
Authors: Bhatia A. , Pasari S. , Mehta A.
Published: November 2018

Abstract. Earthquake is one of the most devastating natural calamities that takes thousands of lives and leaves millions more homeless and deprives them of the basic necessities. Earthquake forecasting can minimize the death count and economic loss encountered by the affected region to a great extent. This study presents an earthquake forecasting system by using Artificial Neural Networks (ANN). Two different techniques are used with the first focusing on the accuracy evaluation of multilayer perceptron using different inputs and different set of hyper-parameters. The limitation of earthquake data in the first experiment led us to explore another technique, known as nowcasting of earthquakes. The nowcasting technique determines the current progression of earthquake cycle of higher magnitude earthquakes by taking into account the number of smaller earthquake events in the same region. To implement the nowcasting method, a Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) neural network architecture is considered because such networks are one of the most recent and promising developments in the time-series analysis. Results of different experiments are discussed along with their consequences.
Relative Timing of Uplift along the Zagros Mountain Front Flexure Constrained by Geomorphic Indices and Landscape Modelling, Kurdistan Region of Iraq
Authors: Zebari Mjahid , Grützner Christoph , Navabpour Payman , Ustaszewski Kamil
Published: November 2018

Abstract. The Mountain Front Flexure marks a dominant topographic step in the frontal part of the Zagros Fold-Thrust Belt. It is characterized by numerous active anticlines atop of an underlying basement fault. So far, little is known about the relative activity of the anticlines, about their evolution, and about how crustal deformation migrates over time. We assessed the relative landscape maturity of three along-strike anticlines (from SE to NW: Harir, Perat, and Akre) located on the hanging wall of the Mountain Front Flexure in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq to identify the most active structures and to get insights into the evolution of the fault and thrust belt. Landscape maturity was evaluated using geomorphic indices such as hypsometric curves, hypsometric integral, surface roughness, and surface index. Subsequently, numerical landscape evolution models were run to estimate the relative time difference between the onset of growth of the three anticlines, using the present-day topography of the Harir Anticline as a base model. A stream power equation was used to introduce fluvial erosion, and a hillslope diffusion equation was applied to account for colluvial sediment transport. For different time steps of model evolution, we calculated the geomorphic indices generated from the base model. While Akre Anticline shows deeply incised valleys and advanced erosion, Harir and Perat anticlines have relatively smoother surfaces and are supposedly younger than the Akre Anticline. The landscape maturity level decreases from NW to SE. A comparison of the geomorphic indices of the model output to those of the present-day Akre Anticline topography revealed that it would take the Harir Anticline 70 ± 10 kyr and 200 ± 20 kyr to reach the maturity level of the Perat and Akre anticlines, respectively, assuming constant erosion and rock uplift rates along the three anticlines. Since the factors controlling geomorphology (lithology, structural setting and climate) are similar for all three anticlines, and under the assumption of constant growth and erosion rates, we infer that uplift of the Akre Anticline started 200 ± 20 kyr before that of the Harir Anticline, with the Perat Anticline showing an intermediate age. A NW-ward propagation of the Harir Anticline itself implies that the uplift has been independent within different segments rather than being continuous from NW to SE. Our method of estimating the relative age difference can be applied to many other anticlines in the Mountain Front Flexure region to construct a model of temporal evolution of this belt.
El fracaso del planeamiento urbanístico actual de la ciudad de Toledo: el Plan de Ordenación Municipal de 2007
Authors: Escudero Gómez Luis Alfonso
Published: November 2018

Toledo es una ciudad histórica. Su urbanización contemporánea se ha expandido de forma dispersa, desestructurada y desarticulada. El Plan de Ordenación Municipal aprobado en 2007 pretendía resolver esta disfuncionalidad de una forma sostenible. El artículo demuestra el fracaso del plan y la necesidad de un nuevo urbanismo. El plan planteaba un modelo territorial erróneo con una expansiva calificación de suelo urbanizable y una promoción masiva de viviendas. Se aplica una metodología analítica crítica con la utilización de múltiples referencias bibliográficas, noticias de prensa, estadísticas, sentencias judiciales, SIG y el propio plan. La investigación y sus resultados son aplicables de forma comparativa a otras ciudades que aún cuentan con un urbanismo desarrollista.
Crisis in Boeing 787 Dreamliner: An Investigation from Project Management Control Perspective
Authors: Paul Suchandra
Published: November 2018

The organizational project management control has been the area of great interest from long time among the investigators who validated that there is a great necessity of control approaches in an organization to acquire their goals. In this paper, a detailed analysis describing the stages associated with control in project management process has been illustrated. In the first phase the proposed plans are outlined with a follow up on the deviation of the plans with causes. In the final phase a detailed solution analysis was carried on what the company did to fix the series of delays along with some suggestions stating proper ways of dealing the situations. This research gives a wide overview on the problems that 787 Dreamliner faced during its manufacturing and delivery process. The analysis was done on the control perspective. Innovative solutions was laid down which if applied during the service procedures could have avoided the problems related to delay of 787 Dreamliner’s delivery. The main intention of this research is that the solutions and strategies provided can be implemented successfully to the other organization for better planning and handling of entire process ultimately minimizing the downtime and increasing the productivity of the organization.
Who should be granted electoral rights at the state level?
Authors: Duarte Melina
Published: November 2018

This paper has a twofold aim in determining who should be granted electoral rights at the state level, one negative and another positive. The negative part deconstructs the link between state-level political membership and citizenship and contests naturalization procedures. This approach argues that naturalization procedures, when coercively used as a necessary condition for accessing electoral rights at the state level, are both inconsistent with liberal democratic ideals and an inexcusable practice in liberal democratic states. The positive part of the paper seeks to establish what – if not the acquisition of citizenship –could determine state-level political membership for non-citizens. In other words, it attempts to explain how and in what conditions non-citizens may become political members of a state without naturalizing. This approach considers the most prominent arguments that base state-level political membership on residency, i.e. residency as a legal status granted by the previous members of the community and residency as physical presence within a defined jurisdiction. It argues that, in a world of increasing human mobility across borders, while the former way of understanding residency might be too restrictive, the latter might be too banal to forge membership ties that form a political community. Domicile is the proposed alternative, introduced as a type of residency that is self-given and remains stable despite numerous changes of residency. Domicile is a legal term that indicates where a person officially registers her permanent home even when residing abroad. In sum, this is an argument against naturalization as the access door for electoral rights at the state level and in favor of defining membership in the political community based on domicile.
Perspective is syntactic: evidence from anaphora
Authors: Sundaresan Sandhya
Published: November 2018

This paper argues that grammatical perspective, expressed along the spatio-temporal and mental dimensions, has a syntactic component. Evidence for this is provided from non-local anaphora in the Dravidian language Tamil which is perspective-driven: i.e. the antecedent of a successfully bound anaphor in Tamil must denote a mental or spatio-temporal perspective-holder toward some predication containing this anaphor. I will argue that, in Tamil, the agreement marking that obtains on the clausemate verb of the anaphor, when this anaphor occurs in nominative case, seems to be anomalously triggered, not by the anaphor or by its antecedent, but by a silent perspectival pronoun local to the verb. Assuming that agreement is a morphosyntactic process, such a thesis, if correct, then entails that perspective must be syntactically (i.e. structurally and featurally) instantiated. Based on such evidence, I propose that perspectival anaphora is a composite consisting of variable-binding + discourse-pronominal reference at two distinct stages of grammar. Empirical evidence for such a model comes from the (seemingly) schizophrenic pronominal and bound-variable nature of such dependencies, diagnoseable by the usual syntactic and semantic tests.
La Educación Ambiental no Formal orientada en la Pedagogía de la Esperanza
Authors: Germer Luis Daniel
Published: November 2018

A mediados del año 2017, cercanos a terminar la segunda década del siglo XXI, la humanidad se debate ante el terror de un planeta sumido en el cambio climático, la extinción de las especies y pérdida de los bosques. Estas condiciones generan controversia, temor y en consecuencia desánimo en la población a nivel mundial. En el caso específico de Honduras se han dado inclusiones considerables de la temática ambiental en la educación aumentando así la conciencia de las personas. En este estudio se comenta la aplicación de la esperanza en el ámbito no formal en aras de impulsar un pensamiento autocrítico que permita al ciudadano integrarse en un mundo cambiante en donde es parte, y se convierte como tal, en voz activa del cambio que desea en su hogar, comunidad y planeta. El trabajo del educador para crear esos espacios de autorreflexión y generar así esperanza es crucial para comenzar un cambio. Por ello se sugiere en este trabajo el uso de los objetivos de desarrollo del milenio de las Naciones Unidas ya que plantean elementos de prosperidad y bienestar intrínsecos a toda la humanidad.
The Impact of Social-Economic Factors on Students’ English Language Performance in EFL Classrooms in Dubai
Authors: Salameh Walid , Sathakathulla A. A.
Published: November 2018

This paper deals with assessing the impact of socio-economic factors on students’ English language performance in EFL classrooms in Dubai public secondary schools by exploiting a mixed methods research. By doing in depth case study analysis and by using some statistical tools followed by interviews the assessment on Students’ being studied. The impact of this study reveals that the factors involved by students’ points as well by the parent side being considered. The various factors by both sides have an impact on the learning attitude and performance in EFL class rooms which affects in class room phenomenon. The significance of this study using correlation analysis being carried out and the impact is registered accordingly for future analysis.
Uncovering Preservice Mathematics Teachers’ Views on Innovation with Invention Stories from the History of Science
Authors: Aydin Emin
Published: November 2018

The study is based on a qualitative research paradigm. Data comes from the invention stories from the history of science written by preservice mathematics teachers which was collected in the history of science course as part of their summative assessments. This data was analyzed using content analysis technique which resulted in seven categories, namely: existence of innovation, motivation for innovation, the development of the innovation, identity of the innovator, reason for innovation, areas of innovation time of innovation. Data was obtained through a mixture of inductive and deductive methods. The sample of this study consisted of 48 stories of invention. Results obtained from the invention stories reveal two main trends: First is the teacher candidates’ image of the innovatory scientists as the status-quo breakers. Second is the perception of Turkish scientific figures as not being open to new experiences and as non-risk takers. As a result, findings suggest that innovation is generally perceived as a western-rooted and alien concept.
A Development of Systematic Learning Resources Management Process to Strengthen Sufficiency Attributes of Secondary School Students
Authors: Kangpheng Samrit , Kunlong Sarayuth , Mityodwong Supot , Sirikul Peerapet , Buddeevong Chutipa
Published: November 2018

The research objective was to develop and evaluate systematic learning resources management process in inputs, process, outputs, outcome, and feedback of Nong Kung Wittayakarn School in Thailand. Research participants and key informants were 5 Grade 7-9 teachers, 34 Grade 7-9 students, 34 student parents, and 9 school board members totaling 82 people. Research tools were survey form, semi-structured interview form, learning resources evaluation form, sufficiency-oriented life satisfaction evaluation form, and meeting record form. The data analysis employed frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation statistics and content analysis. Research findings reveal that systematic learning resources management process to strengthen sufficiency attributes of secondary school students comprises 1) Inputs—internal staff, external people, and supporting budget; 2) Process—Define, Create, Capture, Share, and Use; 3) Outputs—overall learning resources evaluation had 3.33 average from the 4-point scale with people at highest level followed in descending order by economic, societal, environmental and cultural domains; 4) Outcome—overall and detailed sufficiency-oriented life satisfaction evaluation are at high level with psychological dimension at the highest score followed in descending order by well-being sustainability—self-reliance, immunity, and resilience; and 5) Feedback with reflection cycle—before action review (BAR), during action review (DAR), and after action review (AAR). The evaluation of the process reveals that the participants’ acceptance is at highest level.
Modal Verbs Hedging: The Uses and Functions of “Will” and “Shall” in Nigerian Legal Discourse
Authors: Bashir Ibrahim , Yunus Kamariah , Al-Jarrah Tamer Mohammed
Published: November 2018

This is a corpus-based study on the uses and functions of modal verbs “will” and “shall” in the Nigerian legal discourse. It aims at examining their pragmatic functions as hedges in the legal discourse. It specifically aims to investigate how hedges are used in the legal texts to indicate precision and uncertainty. To achieve these objectives a specialised corpus was constructed which we named as “Nigerian Law Corpus” (NLC). The compilation of NLC is based on the Nigerian court proceedings and law reports. Hence, the compiled NLC corpus contains 546,313-word tokens. Meanwhile, reference corpus of law with 2.2 million word tokens based on the British National Corpus (BNC) is retrieved for comparison with NLC. To this end, two concordance tools were utilised to analyse the data of this study viz. “AntConc version 3.5” a semi-automated computer-aided tool and a web-based tool “Lextutor version 7”. Based on the frequency distribution the results revealed that model verb “will” featured in 493 instances in the NLC and 7,711 instances in the BNC Law, while, “shall” occurred at 401 instances in NLC and 1,348 instances in BNC Law. The results also indicated that “shall” was an overused element in NLC than in BNC Law with standardised concordance hits per million (NLC=734, BNC Law =589) while, “will” is the least used element of NLC (902 instances per million) compared to BNC Law (3,369 instances per million). The study also enumerated different semantic and pragmatic functions of “will” and “shall” in legal discourse, citing examples from both tag corpus (NLC) and reference corpus (BNC Law). Some of the functions as hedges (conveying a truth value of a proposition) are epistemic meanings: politeness, obligation, precision, duty, intention, and permission. In nutshell, the results indicated that “will” and “shall” are used by legal practitioners more especially lawyers in a courtroom to achieve precision in their argument in a case to persuade the court by showing the true value of commitment of the proposition.
Metadiscourse in Students’ Academic Writing: Case Study of Umaru Musa Yar’adua University and Al-Qalam University Katsina
Authors: Haruna Hamisu Hamisu , Ibrahim Bello , Haruna Musa , Ibrahim Bashir , Yunus Kamariah
Published: November 2018

Studies on writing, thus, become crucial because when students make the transition from Secondary School to a Tertiary Institution, they encounter many challenges. One of them is the writing of B.A projects. Most of these undergraduate students both in L1 (English as a first language) and L2 (English as a second language) still find it difficult to argue, discuss or evaluate competently as well as persuasively in English essay writing. The present study aimed at exploring metadiscoursal choice and its influence on the success of students’ academic writing. The study was conducted within the framework of Appraisal Theory. The data was randomly generated from the written essays by thirty selected Level 400 students both from Umaru Musa Yar’adua University and Al-Qalam University Katsina. Also, the data was descriptively alaysed and presented. It was discovered that six (6) of the essays do not contain the relevant elements for this study, thus excluded from the analysis. To achieve the main objective of this study, the first six categories of the most successful essays and the least successful ones were taken for in-depth analysis. They were analysed paragraph by paragraph and then each interactional metadiscourse element was separately discussed as a whole. The findings showed that many of the students were not exposed to these elements, thus, they write academic essay the way they speak. It is against these findings that the present study unravels that embedding the teaching of metadiscourse in cumulative learning practices could consequently empower students to develop both linguistically and intellectually.
Maryland 2.0: Evidence-based onderzoek en de Maryland-schaal
Authors: Mevissen Jos
Published: November 2018

Maryland 2.0?

Volgens de Marylandschaal is rct het best mogelijke type beleidsonderzoek. Rct is dan ook het boegbeeld van het evidence-based onderzoek. De kritiek op rct’s is echter in de loop van de jaren alleen maar groter geworden. Bovendien blijkt uit een recente meta-evaluatie dat de non-experimentele onderzoeken niet tot andere uitkomsten leidden dan de rct’s. Al met al wordt te veel geloof gehecht aan de evidence-based benadering in het algemeen en rct’s in het bijzonder. Vandaar de vraag: wordt het misschien tijd voor een Maryland Scientific Methods Scale 2.0?
Dwaling en schending van de zorgplicht in het kader van rentederivatenjurisprudentie
Authors: Sardjoe M.P.R.
Published: November 2018

Dwaling en schending van de zorgplicht in het kader van rentederivatenjurisprudentie

Dit artikel betreft een onderzoek naar de wijze waarop de civiele rechter tot nu toe heeft geoordeeld of sprake is van dwaling of schending van de zorgplicht door banken in rentederivatenjurisprudentie. Uit het onderzoek blijkt dat niet eenduidig wordt geoordeeld en dat een richtinggevende uitspraak door de Hoge Raad gewenst is.
Time to Play: Integrating Play and Playfulness in Legal Philosophical Courses as Tools for Student Learning. Special Issue on Active Learning and Teaching in Legal Education
Authors: van Rossum Hedwig
Published: November 2018

Time to Play: Integrating Play and Playfulness in Legal Philosophical Courses as Tools for Student Learning. Special Issue on Active Learning and Teaching in Legal Education

This article introduces the concepts of play and playfulness within the context of legal-philosophical education. I argue that integrating play and playfulness in legal education engages students and prepares them for dealing with the perpetual uncertainty of late modernity that they will face as future legal professionals. This article therefore aims to outline the first contours of a useful concept of play and playfulness in legal education. Drawing on the work of leading play-theorists Huizinga, Caillois, Lieberman and Csikszentmihalyi, play within legal education can be described as a (1) partly voluntary activity that (2) enables achievement of learning goals, (3) is consciously separate from everyday life by rules and/or make believe, (4) has its own boundaries in time and space, (5) entails possibility, tension and uncertainty and (6) promotes the formation of social grouping. Playfulness is a lighthearted state of mind associated with curiosity, creativity, spontaneity and humor. Being playful also entails being able to cope with uncertainty. The integration of these concepts of play and playfulness in courses on jurisprudence will be illustrated by the detailed description of three play and playful activities integrated in the course ‘Introduction to Legal Philosophy’ at the Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam.
Uma proposta metodológica para a elaboração de revisões clínicas
Authors: Fontenelle Leonardo Ferreira , Brandão Diego José
Published: November 2018

As revisões clínicas são sumários de evidências com escopo amplo e orientação à prática profissional, ocupando um dos mais altos níveis da pirâmide da assistência à saúde baseada em evidências. Com base nessa pirâmide, refletimos sobre as instruções aos autores de periódicos em medicina de família e comunidade para propor instruções para a escrita de revisões clínicas. As instruções abrangem a busca, avaliação, síntese e análise das evidências clínicas, além do planejamento e redação da revisão. Esperamos que estas instruções ajudem a elevar a quantidade e qualidade das revisões clínicas em medicina de família e comunidade no país.
Subsurface biogeochemistry is a missing link between ecology and hydrology in dam-impacted river corridors
Authors: Graham Emily B , Stegen James C , Huang Maoyi , Chen Xingyuan , Scheibe Timothy
Published: November 2018

Global investment in hydropower is rapidly increasing, fueled by a need to manage water availability and by incentives promoting renewable energy sources. This expansion poses unrecognized risks to the world’s vulnerable freshwaters. While many hydropower impacts have been investigated, dam-induced alterations to subsurface processes influence river corridor ecosystem health in ways that remain poorly understood. We advocate for a better understanding of dam impacts on subsurface biogeochemical activity, its connection to hydrology, and follow-on trophic cascades within the broader river corridor. We delineate an integrated view of hydropower impacts in which dam-induced changes to surface water flow regimes generate changes in surface-subsurface hydrologic exchange flows (HEFs) that subsequently (1) regulate resource availability for benthic microorganisms at the base of aquatic food webs and (2) impose kinetic constraints on biogeochemical reactions and organismal growth across a range of trophic levels. These HEF-driven effects on river corridor food webs, as mediated by subsurface biogeochemistry, are a key knowledge gap in our assessment of hydropower sustainability and putatively combine with other, more well-known dam impacts to result in significant changes to river corridor health. We suggest targeted laboratory and field-based studies to link hydrobiogeochemical models used to predict heat transport, biogeochemical rates, and hydrologic flow with ecological models that incorporate biomass changes in specific categories of organisms. Doing so will enable predictions of feedbacks among hydrology, temperature, biogeochemical rates, organismal abundances, and resource transfer across trophic levels. An understanding of dam impacts on subsurface hydrobiogeochemistry and its connection to the broader aquatic food web is fundamental to enabling mechanism-based decision making for sustainable hydropower operations.
Isolation and characterization of psychrotrophic proteolytic bacteria from landfill site under temperate climatic conditions of Kashmir Himalaya
Authors: Hamid Basharat , Jehangir Arshid , Baba Zahoor Ahmad , Wani Muneer Ahmad , Khan Imran
Published: November 2018

The temperate climatic regions face the problem of waste accumulation due to lower environmental temperatures. However, these regions harbor cold active microbes viz. psychrotrophic proteolytic bacteria that play an important role in the degradation of protenaceous materials of the waste stream. Hence in the present study psychrotrophic proteolytic bacteria were isolated from waste samples collected from landfill site by using random sampling method under environmental temperature of 10oC. By using serial dilution and spread plate technique a total of 8 morphologically different psychrotrophic proteolytic bacteria were isolated on skim milk agar media at pH of 7.0 and temperature of 10°C after 48hours. Under in-vitro conditions all the isolates produced significant quantities of protease over the control and diameters of hydrolysis zones ranged between 2 to 18 mm at temperature range of 5 to 20oC and after 72 hours. The corresponding quantitative protease activities of the isolates was significant that ranged between 0.5 to 2.25 U/ml and the isolate PB2 was most efficient with highest protease activity of 2.25U/ml at 20oC. Based on 16SrRNA analysis the isolate was identified as Pseudomonas florescence with 96% similarity. It was concluded that the isolates can grow in wide ranges of temperature and could be used for enhanced decomposition of organic wastes during lower temperature conditions in cold regions. Further the isolates could have industrial applications due to the production of cold active proteases that would help economic benefits through energy conservation.
Natural variation in sugar tolerance associates with changes in signaling and mitochondrial ribosome biogenesis
Authors: Melvin Richard G , Lamichane Nicole , Havula Essi , Kokki Krista , Soeder Charles , Jones Corbin D , Hietakangas Ville
Published: November 2018

How dietary selection affects genome evolution to define the optimal range of nutrient intake is a poorly understood question with medical relevance. We have addressed this question by analyzing Drosophila simulans and sechellia, recently diverged species with differential diet choice. D. sechellia larvae, specialized to a nutrient scarce diet, did not survive on sugar-rich conditions, while the generalist species D. simulans was sugar tolerant. Sugar tolerance in D. simulans was a tradeoff for performance on low-energy diet and was associated with global reprogramming of metabolic gene expression. Hybridization and phenotype-based introgression revealed the genomic regions of D. simulans that were sufficient for sugar tolerance. These regions included genes that are involved in mitochondrial ribosome biogenesis and intracellular signaling, such as PPP1R15/Gadd34 and SERCA, which contributed to sugar tolerance. In conclusion, genomic variation affecting genes involved in global metabolic control defines the optimal range for dietary macronutrient composition.
НОВЫЕ НАХОДКИ ХАРОВЫХ ВОДОРОСЛЕЙ (CHARALES) НА ЕВРОПЕЙСКОМ СЕВЕРЕ РОССИИ, "Ботанический журнал"
Authors: Вишняков В.С. , Филиппов Д.А.
Published: November 2018

В Архангельской, Вологодской и Ленинградской областях выявлена 41 новая популяция 9 видов харовых водорослей (Chara aspera, C. contraria, C. globularis, C. strigosa, C. subspinosa, C. virgata, C. vulgaris, Nitella flexilis, N. gracilis) и неидентифицированного представителя рода Nitella. Самое большое число новых местонахождений (10) установлено для реликтового вида C. strigosa, включенного в основной список Красной книги России. Этот вид впервые обнаружен в четырех административных районах Вологодской обл., его новые местонахождения выявлены также в Пинежском р-не Архангельской обл. Популяции C. strigosa приурочены к карстовым озерам и внутриболотным водоемам краевой зоны последнего оледенения и его деградации. В одном из болотных водоемов описана необычная форма роста C. strigosa с частично и полностью голыми листьями. Новые данные по остальным видам существенно детализируют их распространение в северных регионах Европейской России. Находки Chara subspinosa и C. vulgaris подтверждены новыми сборами в Архангельской обл. спустя чуть более чем 90 лет.
0 ДИНАМИКЕ ТРАВЯНИСТЫХ РАСТИТЕЛЬНЫХ СООБЩЕСТВ (ГОРНЫЙ ДАГЕСТАН), "Ботанический журнал"
Authors: Гасанов Г. Н. , Салихов Ш. К. , Рамазанова Н. И. , Гаджиев К. М. , Маллалиев М. М.
Published: November 2018

Изучена динамика (2012-2014 гг.) травянистых растительных сообществ на склонах различных экспозиций на территории экспериментальных баз Горного ботанического сада Дагестанского научного центра РАН на высоте 1000 и 1700 м над ур. м. Выявлены значительные различия в видовом составе сообществ на склонах южной, юго-западной, северной, северо-западной экспозиций. Особенности видового состава сообществ и гидротермических показателей разных склонов определили различие величин продуктивности фитоценозов. Относительно высокие температуры воздуха склона южной экспозиции на высоте 1700 м и достаточное количество осадков способствовали формированию фитоценоза более высокой продуктивности по сравнению с фитоценозом, сформированным на склоне северной экспозиции. На высоте 1000 м продуктивность сообществ юго-западного склона также оказалась выше, чем на склоне северо-западной экспозиции, так как экспериментальный участок расположен вблизи р. Сана и его почвы лучше обеспеченны влагой.
МОЛЕКУЛЯРНАЯ ДИАГНОСТИКА INSECT IRIDESCENT VIRUS TYPE 6 В СВЕРЧКАХ (ORTHOPTERA: GRYLLIDAE) И ТАРАКАНАХ (BLATTOPTERA: ECTOBIIDAE), "Паразитология"
Authors: Токарев Ю. С. , Малыш С. М. , Мурашкевич Д. А. , Рогачева Ю. П. , Березин М. В.
Published: November 2018

Лабораторные колонии и производственные культуры сверчков часто страдают от вирусных инфекций, при этом наиболее часто причиной их массовой гибели служат иридовирусы - широко распространенные возбудители заболеваний членистоногих и позвоночных животных. В России за последнее время наблюдалось увеличение случаев массовой гибели сверчков, содержащихся в культуре. Симптомы заболевания соответствовали иридовирусной инфекции, амплификация с праймерами, специфичными к участку гена мажорного капсидного белка Insect iridescent virus type 6 (IIV-6), дала положительный продукт ожидаемого размера для образцов ДНК больных сверчков, а секвенирование ампликонов показало сходство на 100 и 97 % с гомологичным участком генома IIV-6 из Gryllus bimaculatus (№ доступа в Генбанке AF247641) и из Chilo suppressalis (№ AF303741) соответственно. Положительный ПЦР-сигнал (со 100%-ным сходством нуклеотидных последовательностей ампликонов) получен для образцов ДНК, экстрагированной из тканей сверчков 3 видов (Gryllus bimaculatus, G. locorojo и Acheta domestica), включая личинок и имаго без симптомов заболевания, яйца, а также имаго таракана Blattella germanica. Полученные результаты указывают на возможность различных путей распространения инфекции в лабораторных и производственных культурах насекомых.
РАСПРОСТРАНЕНИЕ И НЕКОТОРЫЕ ОСОБЕННОСТИ БИОЛОГИИ ИКСОДОВЫХ КЛЕЩЕЙ (PARASITIFORMES, IXODIDAE) В К03НЕЦКО-САЛАИРСКОЙ ГОРНОЙ ОБЛАСТИ (КЕМЕРОВСКАЯ ОБЛАСТЬ, РОССИЯ), "Паразитология"
Authors: Ковалевский А.В. , Зубко К. С. , Ефимова А. Р. , Лучникова Е. М. , Дроздова О. М.
Published: November 2018

В статье представлены обобщенные результаты собственных исследований и анализ литературных источников по распространению и некоторым особенностям биологии различных видов иксодовых клещей на территории Кузнецко-Салаирской горной области. Выделены группы наиболее многочисленных видов клещей, представляющих эпидемиологическую угрозу. Установлено изменение доминирования Ixodes pavlovskyi и I. persulcatus на разных территориях. Приведены сведения об основных прокормителях клещей сем. Ixodidae в регионе.
БИОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ АКТИВНОСТЬ И КОМПОНЕНТНЫЙ СОСТАВ НЕКОТОРЫХ ВИДОВ РОДА RHODODENDRON ФЛОРЫ РОССИИ, "Растительные ресурсы"
Authors: Морозова Ю. А. , Суботялов М. А.
Published: November 2018

Статья посвящена анализу исследований по выявлению содержания биологически активных веществ и лекарственных свойств у некоторых видов рода рододендрон (Rhododendron L.). Цель статьи - проанализировать исследования биологической активности, компонентного состава и оценить фармакологическую значимость некоторых представителей рода Rhododendron L. Основные результаты заключаются в подтверждении авторами на основании изученных исследований наличия фармакологически значимых веществ и свойств у десяти представителей рода Rhododendron L. Так, у рассмотренных представителей рода были выявлены противовоспалительные, нейротропные, антибиотические, анальгетические, антифунгальные, спазмолитические, стимулирующие, репаративные, желчегонные, противосудорожные свойства. Также было подтверждено наличие широкого спектра биологически активных веществ: микро- и макроэлементов, сложных комплексов флавоноидов, фенолкарбоновых кислот, оксикоричных кислот, гликозидов, агликонов
СЫРЬЕВЫЕ РЕСУРСЫ PATRINIA INTERMEDIA (VALERIANACEAE) В НЕКОТОРЫХ РАЙОНАХ КИРГИЗСКОЙ РЕСПУБЛИКИ, "Растительные ресурсы"
Authors: Боркошова С. М. , Акималиев А. А. , Дженбаев Б.М.
Published: November 2018

Изучено современное состояние запасов корней и корневищ Patrinia intermedia (Hornem.) Roem. and Schult. в урочищах Ак-Жар и Кара-Бурген Ак-Талинского р-на, на перевале Кувакы Тонского р-на и по Боомскому ущелью. Охарактеризованы сообщества, в которых P. intermedia является доминантом или субдоминантам. Определены биологические и эксплуатационные запасы сырья P. intermedia.
СЕЗОННАЯ ДИНАМИКА СОДЕРЖАНИЯ БИОЛОГИЧЕСКИ АКТИВНЫХ ВЕЩЕСТВ В НАДЗЕМНОЙ ЧАСТИ SALVIA VERTICILLATA И S. SCLAREA, "Растительные ресурсы"
Authors: Гагиева Л. Ч. , Цугкиев Б. Е.
Published: November 2018

Результаты изучения биологии развития шалфея мутовчатого Salvia verticillata L. и шалфея мускатного S. sclarea L. в условиях Республики Северная Осетия-Алания показали, что виды характеризуются высокой продуктивностью надземной массы и семян. Накопление биологически активных веществ в биомассе S. verticillata и S. sclarea оценивали в зависимости от фазы вегетации. Содержание эфирных масел было максимально в фазе массового цветения: от 0.5 до 0.7 % у шалфея мутовчатого, от 0.5 до 0.6 % у шалфея мускатного. Содержание аскорбиновой кислоты было максимально в фазе бутонизации: от 68.4 до 77.2 % у шалфея мутовчатого и от 65.2 до 73.5 % у шалфея мускатного. Установлено, что максимальное количество флавоноидов накапливается в фазу цветения.
ЦИТОТОКСИЧЕСКОЕ ДЕЙСТВИЕ АКТИВИРОВАННОГО РЕКОМБИНАНТНОГО АНТИМЮЛЛЕРОВА ГОРМОНА КАК ОСНОВА ДЛЯ СОЗДАНИЯ НОВОГО ЛЕКАРСТВЕННОГО СРЕДСТВА, "Цитология"
Authors: Рак А. Я. , Трофимов А.В. , Пигарева Н. В. , Симбирцев А.С. , Ищенко А.М.
Published: November 2018

В настоящей работе исследована противоопухолевая активность активированного рекомбинантного антимюллерова гормона (рАМГ) человека в отношении клеток линий NBL-7 и OVCAR3. Показано, что гормон, содержащийся в высокоочищенных препаратах, обладает не только способностью к связыванию c рекомбинантным рецептором II типа (MISRII), но и цитотоксическим эффектом в отношении клеток, экспрессирующих MISRII. Полученные данные могут лечь в основу разработки первого отечественного противоопухолевого лекарственного средства на основе активированного рАМГ.
МЕТИЛТРАНСФЕРАЗА SET7/9 РЕГУЛИРУЕТ ЭКСПРЕССИЮ ЯДЕРНОГО РЕЦЕПТОРА NR4A1, "Цитология"
Authors: Фонин А.В. , Сударикова А.В.
Published: November 2018

Ядерные рецепторы представляют собой большой класс транскрипционных факторов, участвующих в контроле метаболизма, пролиферации, воспаления, апоптоза и других клеточных процессов. Среди орфанных ядерных рецепторов (для которых лиганды не выявлены) выделяют особую группу белков - NR4A (NR4A1, NR4A2 и NR4A3), наиболее изученным среди которых является рецептор NR4A1. В ходе данного исследования мы показали влияние метилтрансферазы Set7/9 на экспрессию ядерного рецептора NR4A1. Лизин-специфическая метилтрансфераза Set7/9 (SETD7) является ферментом, который метилирует четвертый лизин канонического гистона H3 (H3K4me1). В представленной работе показано, что Set7/9 влияет на экспрессию NR4A1 как на уровне мРНК, так и на уровне белка. Важно отметить, что каталитическая функция метилтрансферазы Set7/9 необходима для регуляции экспрессии NR4A1
ЧЕМ ОБУСЛОВЛЕНО ИЗМЕНЕНИЕ ФОТОФИЗИЧЕСКИХ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИК ТИОФЛАВИНА Т ПРИ СВЯЗЫВАНИИ С АМИЛОИДНЫМИ ФИБРИЛЛАМИ?, "Цитология"
Authors: Сулацкая А. И. , Сулацкий М. И. , Кузнецова И.М. , Туроверов К.К.
Published: November 2018

В настоящей работе был проведен анализ существующих в литературе гипотез об агрегации молекул флуоресцентного зонда тиофлавина Т (ThT) в свободном состоянии и при взаимодействии c амилоидными фибриллами. Экспериментально показана способность ThT образовывать эксимеры в водном растворе при высокой концентрации красителя. Проведено сравнительное изучение фотофизических характеристик ThT в мономерной и агрегированной формах и красителя, связанного с амилоидными фибриллами на основе лизоцима. Полученные результаты позволили показать необоснованность предположений о том, что изменение фотофизических характеристик ThT при встраивании в амилоидные фибриллы обусловлено агрегацией молекул красителя. Получено подтверждение мономерной модели связывания ThT с амилоидными фибриллами и сделано заключение о том, что возрастание квантового выхода флуоресценции ThT при встраивании в фибриллы обусловлено только молекулярно-роторной природой красителя (ограничением подвижности фрагментов ThT относительно друг друга за счет увеличения жесткости его микроокружения).
СТРУКТУРНЫЕ ПЕРЕХОДЫ ЛЮЦИФЕРАЗЫ PHOTOBACTERIUMLEIOGNATHI, ОПРЕДЕЛЕННЫЕ РАЗЛИЧНЫМИ ОПТИЧЕСКИМИ МЕТОДАМИ ПРИ ДЕНАТУРАЦИИ МОЧЕВИНОЙ, "Цитология"
Authors: Гульнов Д. В. , Немцева Е.В. , Герасимова М.А. , Кратасюк В.А.
Published: November 2018

Целью работы являлось выявление конформационных переходов люциферазы бактерий Photobacterium leiognathi в ходе равновесной денатурации мочевиной несколькими оптическими методами, включая круговой дихроизм, стационарную и время-разрешенную флуоресценцию. Были проанализированы центр тяжести и отношение интенсивностей /2/Io для спектров флуоресценции, молярная эллиптичность при 222 нм и времена жизни флуоресценции белка. Зависимости оптических параметров от концентрации мочевины выявили два возможных перехода при денатурации люциферазы P. leiognathi - с серединами около 0.5-1.1 и 3.5-4.2 М мочевины. При этом изменение значений двух времен жизни, характеризующих флуоресценцию люциферазы, отражает оба перехода, в то время как параметры стационарной флуоресценции (центр тяжести спектра и отношение 7/7) - только второй из них. Спектры кругового дихроизма люциферазы P. leiognathi показали переход с серединой при 4.2 М мочевины. Проведено сравнение характеристик конформационных переходов люциферазы P. leiognathi и ранее изученной люциферазы Vibrio harveyi (Inlow et al., 2002). Поскольку, по опубликованным данным, для V. harveyi середина второго конформационного перехода лежит около 2.5 М мочевины, полученные результаты указывают на более стабильную структуру исследованной в данной работе люциферазы P. leiognathi. Наблюдаемые различия во флуоресцентных характеристиках двух высокогомологичных люцифераз при денатурации объяснены разницей в микроокружении триптофановых остатков с порядковыми номерами 131 и 277 на a-субъединице.
ПРОИЗВОДНОЕ 4-ОКСО-1,4-ДИГИДРОЦИННОЛИНА С АКТИВНОСТЬЮ ИНГИБИТОРА ФОСФАТАЗЫ 1В УСИЛИВАЕТ ПЕРЕДАЧУ ЛЕПТИНОВОГО СИГНАЛА В ГИПОТАЛАМИЧЕСКИХ НЕЙРОНАХ, "Журнал эволюционной биохимии и физиологии"
Authors: Захарова И.О. , Сорокоумов В. Н. , Баюнова Л. В. , Деркач К.В. , Шпаков А.О.
Published: November 2018

Большинство регуляторных эффектов лептина на пищевое поведение и энергетический обмен реализуются посредством гипоталамической лептиновой системы. Ослабление ее активности ведет к гиперфагии, ожирению и другим метаболическим расстройствам. Для предотвращения этих патологических состояний необходима разработка подходов, направленных на восстановление лептиновой системы. Наиболее перспективным из них является создание эффективных ингибиторов протеинфосфотирозинфосфатазы PTP1B, негативного регулятора лептинового сигналинга. Целью работы были синтез нового соединения - этил-3-(гидроксиметил)-4-оксо-1,4-дигидроциннолин-6-карбоксилата (PI-04), производного 4-оксо-1,4-дигидроциннолина с активностью ингибитора фосфатазы PTP1B, и изучение его влияния на IRS2- и БТАТЗ-зависимые лептиновые пути в культуре гипоталамических нейронов, выделенных из 18-дневных эмбрионов крыс. Показано, что соединение PI-04 усиливало стимулирующее влияние лептина на фосфорилирование IRS2-белка по остатку Ser и транскрипционного фактора STAT3 по остатку Tyr, что свидетельствует о потенцировании функционального ответа гипоталамических нейронов на лептин в присутствии этого соединения. Потенцирующее действие PI-04 на лептиновый сигналинг реализовывалось в микромолярных концентрациях, в которых оно практически не влияло на выживаемость нейронов. Полученные данные свидетельствуют о перспективности создания ингибиторов фосфатазы PTP1B на основе 4-оксо-1,4-дигидроциннолина, а также о возможности их дальнейшего использования для предотвращения и коррекции метаболических нарушений, обусловленных ослаблением активности гипоталамической лептиновой системы