bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinical, epidemiological characteristics and associated factors of hair greying in Lagos, Nigeria
Authors: L Anaba Ehiaghe , Ayanlowo Olusola , M Cole-Adeife Olufolakemi , Otrofanowei Erere , O Akinkugbe Ayesha , R Oaku Itohan , Akwara Ireneh
Published: April 2022

Objective: To document the epidemiological, clinical characteristics, believed triggers and associated behaviour in hair greying.Design: A community based cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in February 2020 following ethical ap-proval and written informed consent from participants. All participants were clinically evaluated for hair greying, its pattern and location on the scalp. Socio-demographic data were documented. Data was entered and analyzed using the IBM statistics software version 22. Numerical and categorical variables are presented.Setting: The study was conducted at an urban market in Lagos, Nigeria.Participants: The study participants comprised 307 adult traders.Results: The mean age of the 307 participants studied was 42.7±12.8 years. The prevalence of hair greying was 47.6% (51% in males and 45.9% in females). The median (IQR) age of those with grey hair was 52 (44, 59) years. The prevalence of hair greying was 14.8% in those aged 30-34 years and 97.2% in those aged 60 years and above. The prevalence of premature greying was 17.7% and greying before friends and family members was reported at 19.9% and 13%, respectively. Grey hair was diffuse in 81.5%; localized to the frontal area of the scalp in 55.5%. Use of hair dye was noted in 15.8%.Conclusion: Hair greying is common in the study population. The age at onset is 30 years. Premature hair greying is uncommon in Nigeria. More epidemiological studies of hair greying especially of premature hair greying are needed.
Health-related quality of life and its demographic, clinical and psychosocial determinants among male patients with hypertension in a Ghanaian tertiary hospital
Authors: Boima Vincent , K. Yeboah Alberta , A. Kretchy Irene , Koduah Augustina , Agyabeng Kofi , Yorke Ernest
Published: April 2022

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among male patients with hyperten-sion and its associated demographic, clinical and psychosocial factors.Design: This was a facility-based cross-sectional studySetting: This study was carried out at the outpatient department in Korle-Bu Teaching HospitalParticipants: Three hundred and fifty-eight hypertensive patients were recruited for this studyData collection: Information on socio-demographic characteristics, clinical features, insomnia, medication adherence, psychological distress, sexual dysfunction and HRQoL were obtained through patient-reported measures using struc-tured questionnaires and standardised instruments. Statistical analysis/Main outcome measure: The study assessed HRQoL among male hypertensive patients. One-way ANOVA was used to compare the average scores of the various domains of HRQL across the independent vari-ables. Multivariate linear regression models with robust standard errors were used to determine factors associated with quality of life.Results: Participants with poor perceived overall HRQoL was 14.0%. Comparatively, HRQoL (mean ± SD) was the least in the physical health domain (56.77±14.33) but the highest in the psychological domain (58.7 ± 16.0). Multi-variate linear regression showed that income level, educational level, insomnia, overall satisfaction, sexual desire and medication adherence were significant predictors of HRQoL. Average scores of HRQoL domains reduced with a higher level of sexual desire dysfunction.Conclusion: HRQoL among male hypertensive patients was negatively affected by insomnia, sexual desire dysfunc-tion, educational level and adherence to antihypertensive medications but positively affected by income level. Clinical practice and policy processes should be directed at these factors to improve HRQoL.
Delayed diagnosis of polycythaemia vera in an adult female with non-cirrhotic portal hypertension
Authors: Tachi Kenneth , Ekem Victor , Dei-Adomakoh Yvonne
Published: April 2022

Polycythaemia vera (PV) is a rare myeloproliferative neoplasm characterized primarily by erythrocytosis and an in-creased risk of thrombosis. We report a case of PV in a 60-year-old female with diabetes mellitus (DM) and a past history of recurrent abdominal pain and documented oesophageal varices who was followed up for 2 years as a case of non-cirrhotic portal hypertension of unknown cause. PV was only diagnosed after persistent complaints of vaso-motor symptoms and better scrutiny of full blood count results.
Mucinous adenocarcinoma of a tailgut cyst
Authors: K. Kumassah Philemon , A. A. Bediako-Bowan Antoinette , Agboadoh Nelson , B. Mensah Yaw , C.B. Dakubo Jonathan
Published: April 2022

A tailgut cyst is a rare congenital lesion that develops from a residual posterior remnant of the intestine and presents as a mass in the presacral space. They are generally asymptomatic or have atypical symptoms, are usually benign but may rarely become malignant. We report a case of a 37-year-old female who initially presented to the Surgical De-partment of Korle Bu Teaching Hospital, Accra, Ghana with a malignant tailgut cyst after having repeated surgical procedures for recurrent perianal infective pathologies but still had persistence of symptoms. The lesion was initially excised and found to be a dermoid cyst histologically. The mass recurred after a year and had a re-excision; the lesion was diagnosed histologically as mucinous adenocarcinoma. This report emphasizes the different forms of presentation of a patient with a tailgut cyst and the possibility of malignant transformation, as well as the presentation of this tailgut cyst which can be diagnosed using radiological investigations and histological findings.
Antibiotic guideline adherence by Clinicians in medical wards at Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital (QECH), Blantyre Malawi
Authors: Sibande Grace Thandekire , Kwanjo Banda Ndaziona Peter , Moya Thandizo , Siwinda Sylivia , Lester Rebecca
Published: April 2022

BackgroundAntimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major concern in health care worldwide. In Malawi rates of AMR, in particular third-generation cephalosporin-resistant (3GC-R) Enterobacterales have rapidly increased since 2003. Antibiotic guidelines are a key component of antimicrobial stewardship (AMS). As part of stewardship, Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital (QECH) in Blantyre, Malawi developed an antibiotic guideline in the form of a smart phone application in June 2016.AimWe conducted a study to assess clinicians adherence to the local antibiotic guideline on the adult medical wards, two years after it was introduced. Specifically assessing choice of antibiotic, time of blood culture collection and 48-hour review.Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out using purposive sampling method. 230 case files of adult patients were audited against the antibiotic guideline. Adherence to the guideline in terms of indication for antibiotic, choice of antibiotic and antibiotic review time was reviewed. Statistical analysis was done using IBM SPSS and presented with descriptive statistics.Results194 (84% [95% CI 79.0-88.8]) antibiotic prescriptions were adherent to the guideline, 28 (12% [95% CI 8.2-17.1]) non-adherent and 8 (3.5% [95% CI 1.5-6.7]) antibiotic indication was not clear. The most common indication for antibiotic prescriptions was pneumonia, as documented in 89 (39% [95 % CI 32.4-45.3]) case files. 191(76% [95% CI 70.3-81.2]) of prescriptions were for ceftriaxone. There was evidence of utilising blood culture to adjust therapy as 88/230 (38% [95% CI 32.0-44.9]) had culture taken. 175(76% [95 % CI 70.0-81.4]) of files had antibiotics reviewed within 48 hours.Conclusion There is still need to work on rational prescribing of antibiotics as ceftriaxone usage was high during this study period. Scheduled audits and point prevalence surveys should be implemented quickly to reduce the impact of antibiotic resistance and improve individual patient care.
The beneficial effect of Adansonia digitata products success to modulate lipid profiles and inhibit LDL oxidation in-vitro: An associational study
Authors: Ahmed Ahmed M. , Khabour Omar F. , Yousuf Amjad , Eweda Saber M. , Mohammedsaeed Walaa , Daradka Haytham M. , Hassanein Salwa F. M. , Ibrahim Amna M.
Published: April 2022

BackgroundThere is a growing interest in medicinal plants in recent years due to their many therapeutic benefits and low side effects. Among the medicinal plants is the African Adansonia digitata (baobab) that has edible fruit. In the current study, the effect of A. digitata juice consumption on the lipid profile was investigated. In addition, inhibition of the oxidation of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in-vitro by A. digitata essential oil (EO) was also investigated. MethodsIn this cohort study, a total of 70 subjects of A. digitata users (AD group, 42 male and 28 female) and 70 non A. digitata users (Non-AD group, 44 male and 26 female) were recruited to participate in this study. We evaluated lipid profile, HbA1c, liver/kidney functions, and phytosterol contents in fasting blood samples of all participants.ResultsThe present findings illustrated significantly lower levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL in the AD group compared to Non-AD (p < 0.01). In addition, essential oil of A. digitata inhibited LDL oxidation in-vitro as shown by the significant decreases in the formation of malonaldehyde (MDA), protein carbonyl (PC), and lipid hydroperoxide (LHP) (P<0.05). No significant changes in fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, HDL, kidney function, and liver function enzymes between the two groups were detected (P>0.05). ConclusionThe juice of A. digitata has hypolipidemic and antioxidative effects and might be beneficial for the management of lipid levels in the body.
Factors affecting the failure of High Flow Nasal Cannula Oxygen therapy in Intensive Care follow-up of COVID-19 Severe Respiratory Failure
Authors: Fulya Çiyiltepe , Mehmet Geçici , Ersin Kahraman , Yeliz Bilir , Elif Bombacı , Kemal Saraçoğlu
Published: April 2022

AimAcute respiratory distress syndrome is the primary clinical problem that requires follow-up at the intensive care units. High Flow Nasal Cannula Oxygen Therapy has become an increasingly popular method by reducing the need for intubation but determining which patient will benefit from High Flow Nasal Cannula Oxygen Therapy is an important issue. Methods Seventy patients who followed up with acute respiratory distress syndrome related COVID-19 treated with High Flow Nasal Cannula Oxygen Systems as initial treatment at the intensive care units were retrospectively review. The primary endpoint of this study is to identify factors correlating with failure (mortality and invasive mechanical ventilator requirement) of High Flow Nasal Cannula Oxygen Therapy in the treatment of COVID-19-related severe ARDS. The secondary aim of this study is to determine the ROX index measured at the 12th hour, which will indicate the need for intubation in critically ill patients followed up with HFNC.Results Advanced age, male gender, and low ROX index were independent variables affecting High Flow Nasal Cannula Oxygen Therapy failure. While mortality was lowest in patients who completed the process with High Flow Nasal Cannula Oxygen Therapy treatment, patients who were intubated early (12-24h) had lower mortality than those who were intubated later (>24h) (Mortality rates were %4,3 ,%65,6 ,%93,3 respectively). The cut-off value for ROX index, which will indicate the need for intubation, was found to be 2.84. ConclusionHigh Flow Nasal Cannula Oxygen Therapy can be an effective treatment method in the follow-up of patients with COVID-19-related severe respiratory failure. Despite this, the requirement for intubation develops in two third of the patients. Early intubation reduces mortality in patients who fail High Flow Nasal Cannula Oxygen Therapy, and the easily calculated ROX index is a useful parameter to determine the need for intubation.
Late Neolithic and Bronze Age finds from the High Bieszczady Mountains. Discoveries from 2017-2019
Authors: Pelisiak Andrzej
Published: April 2022

By 2019 more than 70 sites had been discovered in the area of the High Bieszczady Mountains, most of them located within the Połonina Wetlińska massif. The sites discovered in 2017-2019 constitute two groups: sites represented by (1) single artefacts (Wetlina 56, 57, 58, 59, 61, 63, 64, 65, Bukowska Pass, site 1) and (2) small series of artefacts (Wetlina 54, 55, 60, 62). Both groups include artefacts datable to the Late Neolithic and the Bronze Age. Moreover, there are no sufficient grounds to claim homogeneity of assemblages found in Wetlina 54, 55, 60 and 62. It is possible that at least some of these sites could have been used many times during the Late Neolithic and Bronze Age periods. These finds confirm seasonal use of the High Bieszczady for grazing animals, probably within a system similar to the transhumant pastoralism practiced in European mountains.
“Late Hallstatt” hillforts in the Western Carpathians: new contribution to an old discussion
Authors: Danielová Barbora Lofajová , Markiewicz Joanna A. , Przybyła Marcin S. , Ledwoń Jan
Published: April 2022

The article presents new research on fortified settlements from the Early Iron Age in the Orava and Dunajec river valleys. Based on the characteristics of the construction of the fortifications and similarities in terms of material culture, we propose recognizing the hillforts discovered here as a manifestation of one cultural and settlement horizon related to the so-called Pre-Púchov stage. The radiocarbon determinations obtained for the contexts stratigraphically related to the ramparts from the Nižná-Ostražica, Zabrzeż-Babia Góra, and Maszkowice-Góra Zyndrama sites are already located on the calibration curve after the so-called Hallstatt plateau and allow this horizon to be dated to the 4th century BC, i.e. to the times corresponding to the La Tène B1–B2 phases. Our observations confirm the opinions appearing in more recent literature about the need to date the Pre-Púchov stage in Slovakia earlier, and discuss the thesis about the continuation of settlement at the beginning of the La Tène period. With regard to the Polish Carpathian zone, arguments indicating the possibility of the survival of settlements with Early Iron Age traditions up to the 4th century BC are presented for the first time. This allows us to assume that the process of the formation of the cultural tradition of the La Tène period here progressed in a similar manner to Slovakia, and it was not solely the result of migration from the latter.
Cum grano salis, or about the Anartophracti in the Słonne Mountains
Authors: Bochnak Tomasz
Published: April 2022

At the end of the 20th century, as the researchers became more convinced about the existence of the La Tène culture settlement zone in south-eastern Poland, there were more and more attempts at identifying the ethnicity of this population. Some of the researchers allowed for connecting the said settlement with the Anartophracti, known from Claudius Ptolemy’ writings (Geography, III, 5, 8).

However, in order to identify the La Tène culture population from south-eastern Poland with Ptolemy’s Anartophracti, it is necessary to prove that Ptolemy’s account concerned the peoples inhabiting the area of the upper San basin in the 3rd and possibly 2nd century B.C. It is thus necessary to prove that the geographical and chronological data are consistent. One more argument in support of the claim would be a proof that the name Anartophracti refers to a Celtic tribe. It would have to be also assumed a priori that the ethnonym of Anartophracti is not a duplicate of the name Anarti.

In author’s opinion, Ptolemy’s writings do not allow to prove that the Anartophracti he mentions lived at the areas on the upper San river: they could have rather lived to the east or north-east of the Carpathians. Ptolemy’s account is not clear enough to locate the Anartophractis’ settlements.

The above list of the written sources seems to indicate that the chronology of all the information concerning the Anarti ranges between the end of the 1st half of the 1st c. B.C. and the late 240s A.D. There are no premises to link with the Anarti any settlement concentrations from the north-eastern La Tène culture from phase LT C or LT D1.
Initiation of Proceedings in a Case of Tax Offense as a Premise for Suspending the Limitation Period for a Tax Liability in Polish Law
Authors: Gwóźdź Tomasz , Kołodziej Dominik
Published: April 2022

The subject of the article is to discuss the premise for the suspension of the limitation period for a tax liability, concerning the initiation of proceedings in the case of a tax offense, about which the taxpayer has been notified, if the suspicion of committing a crime or offense is related to failure to fulfill this tax liability. The authors analyzed the latest jurisprudence of administrative courts, judgments of the Constitutional Tribunal, and scientific literature devoted to the indicated topic. Attention was drawn to practical problems with applying the provisions of the Tax Ordinance, including those related to providing taxpayers with constitutional guarantees, such as respecting the principle of trust in the state and the law. Doubts related to the instrumental use of the law when instituting penal fiscal proceedings by tax authorities, aimed solely at suspending the limitation period, as well as the issue of implementing the institution of fiscal penal law into tax regulations, were discussed. The article ends with conclusions and an attempt to evaluate the current legal regulations in the light of the resolution of the Supreme Administrative Court of May 24, 2021, file ref. act I FPS 1/21.
Transfer Pricing as an Institution Supporting the Anti-Optimization Clause in Counteracting Tax Avoidance
Authors: Wach Tomasz
Published: April 2022

The purpose of this study is to show the relationship between transfer pricing regulations and the anti-tax avoidance clause. The paper discusses the axiology of legal regulations aimed at counteracting tax avoidance practices and the use of non-market prices in relations between related entities. An attempt was made to present the concept of the phenomenon of harmful tax competition, also the essence of tax avoidance, and to contrast this concept with the phenomenon of tax evasion. The phenomenon of tax optimization was also indicated. The relationship between the provisions of the general anti-optimization clause and transfer prices that determine the appropriate state of prices between related entities within the meaning of tax law was also subjected to a detailed analysis.
Anatocism in the Czech Tax Law
Authors: Feldek Michael
Published: April 2022

The paper examines legal disputes regarding the possibility of taking interest of interest (anatocism) payed by the tax administrators in the Czech legal order. The aim of this paper is to assess the outcome of the above-mentioned disputes and to determine whether the current legislation still allows taking interest on interest in tax law. Author draws conclusions mainly from case law of the Czech Supreme Administrative Court and uses analysis, synthesis and descriptive method.
Polimorfismo génico y de color en dos escarabajos picudos de Puerto Rico
Authors: Jarkko Hantula  , Anssi Saura  , Juhani Lokki  , Niilo Virkki
Published: April 2022

Diaprepes abbreviatus causa daños serios en las plantas cultivadas al este de La Española. La especie muestra una variación notable en las vittae y en el color del fondo de los élitros, extendiéndose del blanco via amarillo hasta ocre y pardo intensos. Es extremadamente polífago y ataca también numerosas plantas silvestres. Compsus maricao, endémica para la Cordillera Central de Puerto Rico, no muestra tanto variación de color y es oligófago; come unas pocas plantas silvestres. La variación génica de algunas poblaciones de estas dos especies se estudió mediante la electrofóresis de almidón. La extensión de la variación fue limitada; no se detectó correlación alguna con la variabilidad de la coloración en Diaprepes abbreviatus. La distancia genética entre las dos especies es grande.
DISTRIBUTION OF ADULT DIAPREPES ABBREVIATUS L. (COLEOPTERA:CURCULIONIDAE) IN THE NORTH AND NORTHWEST SUGARCANE AREAS OF PUERTO RICO
Authors: Arístides M. Armstrong  , Flavio Padovani
Published: April 2022

DISTRIBUTION OF ADULT DIAPREPES ABBREVIATUS L. (COLEOPTERA:CURCULIONIDAE) IN THE NORTH AND NORTHWEST SUGARCANE AREAS OF PUERTO RICO
A Iniciação à Vida cristã e o profetismo na Igreja: o catecumenato a serviço da missão sócio-transformadora
Authors: Feller Vitor Galdino , Manchini Pedro Angelo
Published: April 2022

O catecumenato é considerado o modelo mais bem-sucedido de iniciação à vida cristã que a Igreja criou. Conforme o Concílio Vaticano II, a Igreja nos apresenta o catecumenato como fonte de inspiração para a iniciação à vida cristã. Motivados por essa inspiração queremos apresentar alguns princípios teológicos para a formulação de novos roteiros catequéticos. Propomos a retomada do profetismo como dimensão intrínseca da vida cristã em resposta ao problema da exclusão social em nosso Brasil. O principal problema levantado neste artigo é: Porque o Brasil, país com maioria de pessoas consideradas católicas ainda convive com o fenômeno da exclusão social? Não restam dúvidas de que é necessário e urgente um novo modelo de iniciação à vida cristã, que o nosso artigo procura vislumbrar com sua reflexão, indicando luzes para o caminho em construção.
A Brief Survey on Text Analytics Methods and Applications
Authors: Ranjan Nihar M. , Prasad Rajesh S. , Mane Deepak T.
Published: April 2022

About 80% organizational data are present in the unstructured (Text) format. E-mails, Social media, notes, and wide variety of different types of documents in text formats are present, but all these data are not got importance and analyzed in meaningful ways. It has been observed that information workers spend their significant time (up to one third) to locating this information and trying to make sense of it. Text analytics (TA) is the process which analyzed all these available unstructured text information and converts it into useful information which helps the organization significantly in their business processes. In this paper we have discussed the business values, methods of text analytics, and business application of text analytics.
A Brief Study on Self-Help Groups Impact in the Women Empowerment
Authors: Pallavi D. R. , Bansal Rohit , Ramachandran M , Kurinjimalar Ramu
Published: April 2022

Non-Governmental Organizations started Self-help groups to reduce poverty, developing leadership abilities of rural women, empowering women, use of birth control, increasing school enrolment and improving nutrition. The Microfinance is for economic strengthening instead brought knowledge and social energy that study concludes. Impact microfinance on self-confidence, courage, skill development and empowerment is commendable. This study may help future researchers to explore the challenges and objectives of such interventions in the advancement of oppressed women. The assessment reveals that microfinance programs targeting women bring them to the helm and adopt prow omen rules play an important role in reducing the feminization of poverty. Rural women may be encouraged to seek funding to start Entrepreneurial activities. Through self-help groups various credit facilities, finance Offers and Grants
Awareness was created. As women are seen as technically less empowered, they should be imposed on technologies such as labor saving, austerity reduction, income generation and productivity enhancement. At all levels from basic education Entrepreneurship education and Introduce training. It will help to inspire positive self-concept, self confidence, self-confidence and independence in rural women.
Monitoring of public support for agricultural producers in Germany and Kazakhstan
Authors:   S. Seifullin Kazakh Agro Technical University, Kazakhstan, Zholmukhanova A. Zh. , Mukaliyeva M. N. ,   Astana IT University, Kazakhstan, Koitanova A. Zh. ,   Astana IT University, Kazakhstan
Published: April 2022

The goal is to study the experience of developed countries and the possibility of adapting the mechanism of public support for domestic agricultural sector. Methods – analytical, economicstatistical, comparative analysis. In the work, the authors show the mechanism of government regulation in Germany, present the results of the implementation of State programs. Results – studies confirm that in European countries the management of agro-industrial complex is carried out according to a clearly defined model for agricultural production development. The EU identifies two main areas of financing agricultural producer, which contribute to the increased competitiveness of agriculture in the world market, protecting the environment in rural areas, improving the quality of life in rural areas and stimulating employment. The European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development annually allocates about 1.35 billion Euros to German agricultural entities. Conclusions – in Kazakhstan, not all programs aimed at increasing the level of competitiveness of the entities of agro-industrial complex are sufficiently effective. One of the reasons is their level of planning indicators and activities that does not meet the current tasks. Thus, the decisive moment for the effective use of funds which are allocated to agriculture is not the amount of subsidies, but more accurate, targeted planning of support measures and the allocation of funds aimed at the development of rural areas and agricultural infrastructure activities. This is especially needed in the conditions of the EAEU, when a number of obligations on the effective development of agriculture and achievement of its competitiveness have been adopted.
Bank lending to agricultural enterprises in Kazakhstan: current state and problems
Authors:   Zhangir Khan West Kazakhstan Agrarian Technical University, Kazakhstan, Abdulova T. G. , Sultanova Z. Kh. ,   Zhangir Khan West Kazakhstan Agrarian Technical University, Kazakhstan, Begeyeva M. K. ,   Zhangir Khan West Kazakhstan Agrarian Technical University, Kazakhstan
Published: April 2022

The goal is to determine the role of bank lending to agriculture, to analyze the sectoral structure of loan investments in real sector of economy, the volume of loans to agricultural sector, to clarify the reasons for the reluctance of banks to lend to AIC and to study the factors hindering the development of lending relations. In this regard, the objective was set to consider the state and identify problems of lending to agricultural entities by second-tier banks. The main problems of the availability of bank loans for agro-industrial enterprises are identified. Results – the current state of lending to agricultural production by commercial banks was analyzed, the main problems of the availability of bank loans were considered, and proposals on the effective financing of enterprises in agricultural sector of economy of Kazakhstan in modern economic conditions were developed. It is shown that the provision of agricultural enterprises with credit resources is determined by a number of features inherent in agriculture. Thus, the risky nature of agricultural activities is noted due to specific features and the lack of liquid collateral. The paper notes that banks are attracted to large businesses that are able to provide collateral and, accordingly, qualify for a large amount of lending funds. These factors, along with the financial condition, are decisive for creditor banks. Based on the analysis of bank lending to agricultural enterprises, it was concluded that the current system of lending to agricultural enterprises is not effective enough. The authors state that in order to ensure the availability of financial resources for agricultural producers, an optimal mechanism for the interaction between agricultural producers and commercial banks in lending procedure is necessary.
Small and medium business in Kazakhstan in terms of a pandemic
Authors:   I. Zhansugurov Zhetysu University,  040022 Zhansugurova str., 187 A, Taldykorgan, Kazakhstan, Baidybekova S. K. , Shomshekova B. K. ,   I. Zhansugurov Zhetysu University,  040022 Zhansugurova str., 187 A, Taldykorgan, Kazakhstan, Kydyrbaeva E. O. ,   I. Zhansugurov Zhetysu University,  040022 Zhansugurova str., 187 A, Taldykorgan, Kazakhstan
Published: April 2022

The aim – the article examines the current state of the functioning of small and mediumsized businesses based on the example of the regions of the Republic of Kazakhstan in terms of a pandemic, problems and solutions. Methods – the theoretical basis of the study - the works and results of fundamental and applied developments of domestic and foreign scientists, leading experts in the field of studying small and medium-sized businesses. When analyzing the main economic indicators, reports on the state of development of small and medium-sized businesses in Kazakhstan were used. Results – at present, the pandemic has caused great damage to almost the entire global economy, especially the negative impact was on the activities of large, medium and small enterprises. The main proposals and recommendations received as a result of the study can be used in the development of strategic, tactical, operational plans and programs on the activities of small and medium-sized businesses. Conclusions – constructive and timely measures that will help support small and medium-sized businesses are needed. It is indicated that, first of all, imports should be abandoned, the scale of domestic production should be expanded, and special attention should be paid to the quality and level of services to the population.
Formation of demand, consumption of bread and bakery products in the Republic of Kazakhstan
Authors:   M. Auezov South Kazakhstan University, 160012 Tauke khan Ave., 5, Shymkent, Kazakhstan, Aidarova A. B. , Abdikhalyk S. M. ,   M. Auezov South Kazakhstan University, 160012 Tauke khan Ave., 5, Shymkent, Kazakhstan
Published: April 2022

The goal is to determine the significance of the market of bread and bakery products of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Methods – analysis, synthesis, grouping comparison. Results – based on statistical data, an analysis of the development of bread and bakery products market in dynamics over the past five years is given. The authors emphasized the strategic importance of the bread market as the most significant food product for the majority of the population. The share of regions of the republic in production of bakery and flour products is considered. The factors that reduce efficiency in the industry are studied. The uneven production volumes in dynamicsis noted. The regions that occupy a significant share in production of bread and bakery products have been identified. The influence of the average per capita nominal cash income and the subsistence minimum of the population on the level of demand for bread and bakery products is determined. Information is given on the cost of bread in the country and the factors that determine the level of prices for this product and the industry development. Conclusions – on the basis of the analysis and the results of the study, the authors note a decrease in the volume of industrial production of bread and increase in prices for it, due to the baking in networks of superand hypermarkets that have their own bakeries. In general, one can note the stability of not only the production of bread and bakery products, but also the industry as a whole, the development prospects of which are associated with the increase in the competitiveness of the industry's products and the growth of its export potential.
Factors for increasing competitiveness of meat processing enterprises
Authors:   Almaty Technological University, 050012 Tole bi str., 100, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Kalpakpaeva Zh. M. , Sauranova M. M. ,   Almaty Technological University, 050012 Tole bi str., 100, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Sakhanova G. B. ,   Almaty Technological University, 050012 Tole bi str., 100, Almaty, Kazakhstan
Published: April 2022

Meat and meat products occupy a special place in Kazakhstan, as they are historically one of the main national products and are a source of protein which is necessary for life. The goal is to develop the main ways to increase the competitiveness of products in meat processing industry of the AIC. The meat processing industry is one of the main ones in the agro-industrial complex. Its structure is quite static, as it consists of two interrelated elements - livestock farms and meat processing enterprises that depend on food market. Methods – comparative, statistical, economic and system analysis, logical generalization. Results – Kazakhstan, which has a high potential for the development of animal husbandry, may be among the world leaders in meat processing sector. To solve this problem, it is necessary to strengthen economic base of processing enterprises, including meat processing enterprises, and to increase the competitiveness of their products in global commodity market of meat processing sector. Conclusions – meat industry as a structural element of the AIC has developed on the basis of the functioning of integral production and economic system in a single technological chain. For the effective development of the country's meat processing industry, it is necessary to create a rational system of production and economic relations. The level of meat production in the republic does not yet satisfy the needs of the population. The livestock production of the republic has not yet switched to intensive methods of production and processing.
Information and marketing support for the competitiveness of agricultural cooperatives
Authors:   S. Seifullin Kazakh Agro-Technical University, 010011 Zhenis Ave., 62, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan, Nurmukametov N. N. , Bauer M. Sh. ,   S. Seifullin Kazakh Agro-Technical University, 010011 Zhenis Ave., 62, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan, Moldakenova E. K. ,   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, 010000 Satpayev str., 2, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
Published: April 2022

In foreign practice, particular importance is attached to the development of a system of information and marketing support for the activities of the agricultural market subjects, aimed at increasing their productivity and competitiveness in the context of global changes. The goal – hypothesis of the scientific article is to develop reasonable recommendations for improving the information and marketing support of agricultural cooperatives based on the mechanisms of information and communication technologies and marketing-innovation aimed at creating competitive advantages of agribusiness entity. Methods – the monographic and abstract-logical, statistical and survey methods are used in the article. Results – taking into account the analysis of the development of digital technologies and creation of digital platforms, the need for a deeper study of the patterns of functioning of agricultural market in view of its information and marketing support, which is one of the urgent and main practical needs of agricultural cooperatives, is considered. The issues of development of mechanisms for ensuring the competitiveness of agricultural cooperatives are studied and a model of information and marketing support is presented based on an analysis of their current state. The significance of the use of reliable information is shown, taking into account the effectiveness of marketing research in the context of the strategic priorities for the development of subjects of agricultural market. Conclusions – the mechanism for the development of information and communication technologies is presented and the need for the use of a unified information and marketing support in the activities of the subjects of agricultural market of Kazakhstan is substantiated, which has a strong impact on the effectiveness of managing their activities. The authors believe that it is necessary to study the formation of digital portals, taking into account effective communication channels and marketing data in ensuring the competitiveness of agricultural cooperatives.
Social reconstruction of the village as the basis of agricultural strategy of the Republic of Kazakhstan
Authors:   Kazakh Research Institute of Economics of the Agro-Industrial Complex and Rural Development, 050057 Satpaeva str., 30B, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Akimbekova Ch. U. , Akimbekova G. U. ,   Kazakh Research Institute of Economics of the Agro-Industrial Complex and Rural Development, 050057 Satpaeva str., 30B, Almaty, Kazakhstan
Published: April 2022

The goal is to assess the current situation of social development of the village, identify the main factors hindering the revival of rural areas, reduction of the number of rural population, especially young people, and migration from the village to the city. Determination of the measures aimed to ensure employment, infrastructure development, favorable conditions for improving the living standards of rural residents. Methods – analytical, economic-statistical, monographic, calculation-constructive. Results – analysis of the current state of social development of the village was carried out, during which disproportions in the age structure of the rural population of the republic, trends in reduction of the number of young people and increasing the number of the retired people, changes in the number of rural settlements that have the necessary potential to create a comfortable living environment for the population and trends in the subsequent abolition of villages have been revealed. Conclusions – the problems of population migration from rural areas to the cities, the lack of jobs that force people to work outside their place of residence, low incomes of rural residents, the outflow of young people from villages to the cities justify the need to develop comprehensive measures for rural development, including improvement of living conditions through the development of housing, communal and social infrastructure, expanding the scope of activities in the countryside through the development of not only agricultural sector, but also service sector, construction, storage systems, primary processing of agricultural products, agritourism, crafts. The complexity of solving the problems of rural areas will contribute to the revival of the village, the stable growth of agricultural production and other sectors of economy of rural areas.
Achieving Implementation and Exchange
Authors: Palinkas Lawrence A.
Published: April 2022

This book addresses the frustrating gap between research conducted on effective practices and the lack of routine use of such practices. The author introduces a model for reducing this gap, highlighting the roles of social networks, research evidence, practitioner/policymaker decision-making, and research-practice-policy partnerships.
Borders, Mobility and Belonging in the Era of Brexit and Trump
Authors: Gilmartin Mary , Wood Patricia Burke , O'Callaghan Cian
Published: April 2022

Using cutting-edge academic work on migration and citizenship to address three themes central to current debates - borders and walls, mobility and travel, and belonging - the authors provide new insights into the politics of migration and citizenship in the UK and the US.
Comedy and Critique
Authors: Smith Daniel R.
Published: April 2022

Comedy and Critique explores British professional stand-up comedy in the wake of the Alternative Comedy movement of the late twentieth century, seeing it as an extension of the politics of the New Left: standing up for oneself as anti-racist, feminist and open to a queering of self and social institutions.
How Language Works in Politics
Authors: Williams Matthew
Published: April 2022

Using analysis from machine readings of all legislation enacted between 1900 and 2015, this book discusses the social impact of increasingly elastic legislative language on the contemporary workings of the British constitution.
Andrey Arestov — Altai impressionist of the 21st century
Authors: Царева Н.С.
Published: April 2022

Статья посвящена одному из ведущих алтайских живописцев Андрею Васильевичу Арестову (1956–2021), который всем своим творчеством продолжал традиции русского импрессионизма, зародившегося в России на рубеже XIX–XX веков. Художник выработал свою индивидуальную, узнаваемую манеру и снискал любовь многочисленных зрителей. Его работы, посвященные Алтаю, Санкт-Петербургу, Парижу, находятся в собрании Государственного художественного музея Алтайского края и в частной коллекции Андрея Ковалёва (г. Новосибирск).

The article is devoted to one of the leading Altai painters Andrei Vasilievich Arestov (1956–2021), the artist, who continued the traditions of Russian impressionism, which originated in Russia at the turn of the 20th century. The artist developed his own individual, recognizable style and earned the love of numerous viewers. The artist's works dedicated to Altai, St. Petersburg, Paris are in the collection of the State Art Museum of Altai Krai and the private collection of Andrey Kovalev (Novosibirsk).
A series of drawings by Mikhail Distergeft “In those years” in the art of the Soviet Urals in the second half of the twentieth century
Authors: Агеева М.В.
Published: April 2022

Статья посвящена Михаилу Дистергефту, ведущему графику Нижнего Тагила. Сквозной темой его творчества стали испытания, через которые прошел советский народ в годы репрессий, Великой Отечественной войны, в сердцевине которых он оказался сам. Результатом его творческого осмысления этих испытаний стала серия рисунков «В те годы», хранящаяся сегодня в Нижнетагильском музее-заповеднике Горнозаводского дела и в Нижнетагильском музее изобразительных искусств. В статье представлены основные этапы жизненной и творческой биографии художника.

The article is dedicated to Mikhail Distergeft, the leading graphic artist in Nizhny Tagil. The cross-cutting theme of his work was the trials that the Soviet people went through during the years of repression, the Great Patriotic War, in the core of which he himself found himself. The result of his creative comprehension of these tests was a series of drawings “In those years”, which is stored today in the Nizhny Tagil Museum-Reserve of Mining and in the Nizhny Tagil Museum of Fine Arts. The article presents the main stages of the life and creative biography of the artist.
The Sverdlovsk branch of AKhRR (AKhR) and the problem of regional art community
Authors: Кудрявцева И.В.
Published: April 2022

Статья посвящена анализу деятельности Свердловского филиала Ассоциации художников революционной России (АХРР, позднее Ассоциации художников революции — АХР) и оценке влияния этого опыта на развитие регионального художественного сообщества. Особое внимание уделяется характеристике выставочной практики второй половины 1920-х – начала 1930-х годов, исследованной по архивным источникам и публицистическим материалам того времени. Кроме того, затрагиваются проблемы взаимоотношений профессиональных и самодеятельных художников. Делается вывод о том, что на деятельность уральской ячейки АХРР (АХР) повлияли кризисы и конфликты художественной среды Свердловска, противостояния локальных неоформившихся творческих группировок, а также в целом проблема реализации художника в регионе в условиях оторванности от центра, практической изоляции от художественных процессов.

The article is devoted to the analysis of the Sverdlovsk branch of the Association of Artists of Revolutionary Russia (AKhRR, later known as the Association of Artists of the Revolution – AKhR) and its activities. The author tries to assess the impact of this experience on the development of the regional art community. Particular attention is paid to the characteristics of the exhibition practice of the second half of the 1920s – early 1930s, studied on the basis of archival sources and journalistic materials of that time. The problems of relationships between professional artists and self-taught artists are also touched upon. It is concluded that crises and conflicts of the artistic environment of Sverdlovsk, opposition of local unformed creative groups, as well as, in general, the problem of the artist's realization in the region in conditions of isolation from the center, practical isolation from artistic processes were projected onto the activities of the Ural branch of the AKhRR (AKhR).
Natural motives in the works of Nizhny Tagil graphic artists from the collection of the Yekaterinburg Museum of Fine Arts
Authors: Кустарёва Е.А.
Published: April 2022

Статья посвящена анализу произведений представителей «тагильской школы», которая сформировалась во второй половине XX века. Данные работы составляют важнейший раздел в коллекции современной отечественной графики Екатеринбургского музея изобразительных искусств. Отмечается, что, несмотря на разность используемых средств и техник, работы этих авторов отмечены близкими чертами, в частности отказом от изображения видимого мира и воплощением природных мотивов преимущественно в абстрактной форме. Цель статьи — рассмотреть произведения некоторых представителей «тагильской школы» с точки зрения общности их эстетических задач и интересов и проследить преемственность способов их художественного высказывания.

The article is devoted to the analysis of the artworks of representatives of the Nizhny Tagil of the second half of the twentieth century. These works constitute the most important section in the collection of modern domestic graphics of the Yekaterinburg Museum of Fine Arts. It is noted that, despite the difference in the means and techniques used, the works of the authors of this school are marked by similar features, in particular, the rejection of the image of the visible world and the embodiment of natural motifs mainly in an abstract form. The purpose of the article is to consider the works of some representatives of the Tagil school from the point of view of the commonality of their aesthetic tasks and interests and to trace the continuity of the ways of their artistic expression.
Mahisa-jataka
Authors: Чандра Л.
Published: April 2022

Статья посвящена иконографии Махиша-джатака. Перевод статьи Локеша Чандры из «Словаря буддийской иконографии» выполнен С.М. Белокуровой.

The article is devoted to the iconography of Mahisa-jataka. The translation of Lokesh Chandra's article from the Dictionary of Buddhist Iconography was made by S.М. Belokurova.
HLADNO PRESOVANА ULJA TIKVE I ORAHA
Authors:   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Agronomy Čačak, Radovanović Mirjana , Tomić Dalibor , Đurović Vesna , Marjanović Miloš , Ilić Radmila , Katanić Vera
Published: April 2022

The aim of this study was to analyze the properties of cold pressed pumpkin and walnut oil. Pumpkin and walnut are plant crops that have a long tradition of cultivation in Serbia, but are insufficiently used for oil production. Cold pressed oils have a high nutritional and market value. The production of cold-pressed oils is more environmentally friendly, simpler, and the oils retain important nutrients, compared to producing oils by extraction and refining. Pumpkin seed oil is characterized by a high content of polyunsaturated fatty acids in relation to the content of monounsaturated and saturated fatty acids. The dominant fatty acid is oleic or linoleic. Oils with a higher proportion of oleic acid are more oxidatively stable. Specifically, pumpkin oil is dominated by the presence of ∆7 sterols, unlike other vegetable oils. Walnut oil is dominated by polyunsaturated fatty acids, with a significant amount of C18:3, which makes it sensitive to oxidation. The oxidative stability of walnut oil is correlated with a decrease in the content of C18:3 fatty acids. The chemical composition of the oil varies significantly depending on the variety and growing conditions in both pumpkin and walnuts. then there is a potential in the determination of suitable genotypes with oil of greater oxidative stability.