bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Il valore della sostenibilità per la conservazione del patrimonio. Riflessioni verso una definizione dei prodotti sostenibili del restauro
Authors: Bordoni Paola
Published: April 2023

The conservation risks associated with climate change to which heritage is subjected represent one of the most significant issues arising from the adoption of the 1972 World Heritage Convention. The Outstanding Universal Value (OUV) of World Heritage Listed sites and the conditions of integrity and authenticity, which were essential requirements at the time of their nomination and inscription, may be compromised or no longer be met over time as a result of the effects of climate action on heritage assets. While the value of sustainability has assumed a predominant role in the multiple social, cultural, economic and environmental contexts and is in affinity with many of the theoretical premises within the discipline of restoration, this study aims to reflect on some of the systemic principles and parameters through which a restoration product can be defined as sustainable, considering the material authenticity and uniqueness of World Heritage architectural artefacts, and the spatial-temporal implications related to the conservation of cultural heritage.
Caratteri architettonici e problematiche conservative dei fronti edilizi ottocenteschi del centro storico fiorentino
Authors: Branchi Maddalena
Published: April 2023

The historic center of Florence, universally recognized as a monumental unicum, has been inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List since 1982. Although the city is generally known worldwide as the cradle of the Renaissance, most of the city walls of the historic center date back to the latest building transformations. Through the study of the main urban transformations carried out under the government of Pietro Leopoldo up to the assignment of Florence as the capital of the kingdom of Italy, this contribution traces the urban evolution of the modern history of Florence and reflects on the image of today's city, a result of the stratification of the epochs. Furthermore, the contribution collects some examples of recent interventions carried out on the building fronts that allow us to reflect on the issues and criticalities of the conservation and safeguarding of the urban landscape in its totality and complexity.
Florence Heritage data System. Un modello di controllo e valutazione per i siti Patrimonio Mondiale
Authors: Capitanio Carolina , Chiesi Daniela , Franco Martina
Published: April 2023

Florence Heritage Data System is part of the projects for the protection and enhancement of the Historic Urban Landscape (HUL), contributing to the knowledge, use, protection and management of the Historic Centre of Florence. The main target is creationing a World Heritage sites control and evaluation model, using the system of data and techniques to evaluate architectural and urban restoration projects, in the context of dynamic transformations, on the historicized fabric. A necessary tool for the Florence World Heritage and Relations with UNESCO Office; it is usefull to the Periodic Reports, to the evaluations of the territorialized discipline and of the specific regulation on World Heritage (HIA), for the integration and identification of «elements of heritage» within «transformation projects», architectural diagnostics and cultural heritage cataloging and cartographic activities.
Un patrimonio celato fra le architetture moderne di Asmara: avanguardie e sperimentazioni costruttive italiane in terra d’Oltremare
Authors: Carbonara Giovanni , Trausi Pier Pasquale
Published: April 2023

Asmara (the first African country to be inscribed on the World Heritage list since 2017) is a city of great architectural interest, with many buildings of Italian Rationalism (with local stylistic variations) highlighting the architectural and urban planning periods of Modernism. Asmara, today, preserves this heritage despite decades of wars and political instability, as well as difficult maintenance and restoration work. The aim of the research is to highlight the technological and constructive aspects of these architectures and to safeguard their originality (as described in the UNESCO Dossier). Today, the patents and construction solutions of these architectures are little researched, but they represent the essence of these works and the architectural and experimental season of those times. The research and classification of this heritage, with “deconstruction” approach, represents the methodological solution to preserve the 'material' and 'immaterial' value of these architectures.
Il patrimonio della Tirana Moderna: il rapporto tra monumento e città
Authors: Castagnaro Corrado
Published: April 2023

The essay aims to investigate the relationship between monument and city through a study focused on the construction of Modern Tirana (Albania). The study of the buildings constructed between 1939 and 1943 is important for understanding the relationship between the built environment and the landscape - a condition lost in subsequent urban developments- and for the attention towards a fragile heritage at high risk. The issues of knowledge and conservation are extremely relevant and current in a context, such as Albania, where a major urban transformation is occurring and has already seen the loss of important testimonial traces of modern heritage. In this regard, it is emphasized the need to pay attention to architectures whose great fragility, in terms of recognition of material and immaterial value and conservation, compromises their transmission to future generations.
Firenze Novecento fra conoscenza, tutela e pianificazione
Authors: De Vita Maurizio
Published: April 2023

Both the 1972 UNESCO Convention and the contemporary Italian Restoration Charter make indirect reference to 20th century architectural heritage, given the slow maturation of issues related to the Protection of the "Modern" and the "Contemporary" that only led to international conferences, the creation of important Associations, publications shared worldwide in the last two decades of the last century. A specific reflection on the characteristics, consistency, and state of conservation of the many twentieth-century buildings that are a constituent part of UNESCO Centers must start from the ways of systematic knowledge of these artefacts and urban spaces. The same principles that guide the modes of restoration of classical buildings in fact require their critical extension, aware of the interrelation between materials and design themes of the twentieth century with today's restoration choices and techniques. Florence's 20th-century heritage is extensive, rich in episodes, and significant in the alternation of references, styles, and materials that marked the history of 20th-century architecture and that make this city the repository of a peculiar modernity “in danger” that needs careful, systematic, up-to-date protection.
Tecnologie digitali e consapevolezza culturale
Authors: Di Paolo Marco , Raschi Stefania
Published: April 2023

Cultural heritage, in the educational and training sphere, is of great impact due to its multidimensional and multidisciplinary being. Promotes a relationship of knowledge and conscious identity with the territory; it offers ways of inter- acting with cultural resources, allowing the school to guarantee pupils well-being, educational success and above all operational autonomy, through creativity and productivity. In this way, students become “producers” of content - complex and structured - and digital architectures. The digital skills of students allow them to learn, participating in society, characterized by cultural diversity, with a critical and responsible spirit, developing emotions and enhancing places and cultures. The specific tools used are all open source platforms, which allow a transfer between the virtual world and the real world, through collaboration and sharing.
Impact of Instructional Program on Nurses for Preventive Measures of Hepatitis (B and C) Infection Control in Medical City Hospitals
Authors: Hassan Huda Baqer , Mohammed Tahseen Rajab
Published: April 2023

Background: Viral hepatitis is a silent epidemic disease. Although it is a leading infectious cause of death, the delivery of health care has the potential to transmit hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus to both health care workers and patients.Objectives: the study aims to:1- Assess the nurses knowledge and practices about preventive measures of Hepatitis (B and C) Infection Control.2- Evaluate the impact of instructional program on nurses knowledge and practices about preventive measures ofHepatitis (B and C) Infection Control.3- Find out the relationship between impact of instructional program and nurses age, level of education, and year ofexperiences.
Methodology :A quasi-experimental design study was carried out at Baghdad teaching hospital and Ghazi Al-Harerifor Specialist Surgeries hospital, during the period of June, 20th 2012 to June, 28th 2013, the study samples wascomposed of (60) nurses who working in the surgical ward unit, those nurses are divided equally into the study and the control groups. The researchers construct the instructional program which consist of( 6) sessions related to viralhepatitis, mode of transmission, and method of control during contact with patients and facilities, and it was expose the study group for the conducted program and then measures the impact of program on knowledge and practices of the study group by conduct the instrument which composed of demographic data for nurses, assessment of the nurses' knowledge, and observational checklist of nurses practices for preventive measures of Hepatitis (B and C) Infection Control, and differentiated with control group, the validity of the instrument are determined through a panel of (10) experts, The researcher analyzed the data through the application of descriptive frequency, percentages; mean of scores; and the inferential analysis (Pearson correlation coefficient and t-test, ANOVA and paired t-test),
Result: the results of the study revealed that the mean of age is 35 years, the majority of the staff are nursing schoolgraduated, most of them have HBV immunization. 
Conclusion: the study confirms that the instruction oriented program on nurses study group is significant, and that there were statistical differences between level of education and year of experiences with knowledge and practices at P≥0.05.
Recommendation: The study recommends that the application for national program of immunization against viralhepatitis at all health centers and continuous medical educational program for all staff in the health center, andcontinuous follow up to applying the program of preventive measures for HVB, and HVC.
Medical treatment of adenoid hypertrophy with mometasone furoate monohydrate nasal spray
Authors: Hassan Firas M.
Published: April 2023

Background: Treatment of adenoid hypertrophy is generally planned in accordance with the degree of airwayobstruction and related morbidity. If surgical treatment is indicated, the individual risk/ benefit analysis of patients should be assessed in terms of anesthetic and postoperative complications. Although there are few alternative treatment options, intranasal steroid applications may be considered as a nonsurgical approach in less serious cases and have been presented in this study.
Objectives: To assess the effect of mometasone furoate monohydrate nasal spray on adenoid hypertrophy and to determine how many patients will be excluded in the surgical treatment.
Methodology: A prospective, randomized, placebo controlled study was done in Al-Sader medical city in Najaf in the period of 31 of Dec. 2012 to 31 of Dec. 2013. Patients indicated for surgery were randomly divided into two groups. The study group was treated by mometasone furoate monohydrate nasal spray (NSSnasal steroid spray) of 100 micrograms/day (50 micrograms for each nostril) for 12 weeks. The control group was treated by normal saline (NS) nasal drops in the same way. All the patients were followed-up every 4 weeks.
Results: At the end of 12 weeks, statistically significant improvement (p < 0.05) was observed in the NSS treated group compared to the NS treated group in terms of nasal airway obstruction, mouth breathing, and night cough. At the end of 12 weeks, the average total symptoms score of the NSS treated group dropped of 12.82 to 4.75 while the NS treated group's score changed in 12.53 to 12.18. After 12 weeks of NSS treatment the initial adenoid/choana (A/C) rate had dropped of 87.14 to 51.42% and a total decrease of 35.72% was observed. After 12 weeks of NS treatment the A/C rate dropped of 87.5 to 85% and a total decrease of 2.5% was observed.
Conclusions: Treatment with mometasone furoate monohydrate nasal spray provides an effective alternative tosurgical treatment in children with adenoid hypertrophy. With the protocol applied in this study 77.2% of the patients were excluded of the surgery and removed of the surgical waiting list.
Recommendations: The reliability of nasal steroids for the pediatric population is widely recognized. Althoughthe mechanism itself has not yet been clearly and totally explained. We recommend that it is important todetermine the role of intranasal corticosteroids in treating children with adenoid hypertrophy.
PRIORITIES FOR FINANCIAL SUPPORT OF STATE INVESTMENT ACTIVITIES AND INVESTMENT POLICY IN UZBEKISTAN
Authors: Marina Sagatovna ABDURASHIDOVA  , Muhammad Eid BALBAA
Published: April 2023

This article examines the priorities of financial support for state investment activities and investment policy in Uzbekistan. The governments focus on infrastructure development has been particularly effective in improving the countrys economic performance, with significant investments in transportation, energy, and urban infrastructure. The agricultural sector also plays a vital role in the countrys economy, accounting for approximately 27% of the countrys GDP in 2020. The government has implemented policies to support the sector, including the introduction of modern agricultural technologies and the establishment of agro-industrial parks. The countrys education system has also improved significantly, resulting in a higher literacy rate. Tourism is a growing industry in Uzbekistan, with the governments efforts to promote the countrys rich cultural heritage and historical sites. Continued efforts to attract foreign investment and promote economic growth will be essential in achieving the governments goals of becoming a middle-income country by 2030.
KEYWORDS: Uzbekistan, investment policy, infrastructure development, agriculture, education, tourism, economic growth, foreign investment, agro-industrial parks.
‘All Together Now’: “Yellow Submarine” (1968), The Beatles, and Children’s Film
Authors: Brown Noel
Published: April 2023

This article examines The Beatles’ classic animated film, Yellow Submarine (dir. George Dunning, 1968) in terms of its appeal to multi-demographic audiences. While it has become de rigueur to argue in favour of Yellow Submarine as an artefact of the late-1960s counter-culture, its status as a children’s film has largely been overlooked. This article will argue that Yellow Submarine invites, and is able to sustain, a range of interpretations, particularly regarding its dual status as a quintessential film for children and family audiences, and as a much more adult-oriented production that captures the revolutionary spirit of the period. While Yellow Submarine embodies aspects of late-1960s British and North American culture, the author argues that the narrative transcends national cultural specificities and attempts to appeal to universal human desires and emotional states through its balancing of utopian consensus and cultural diversity, and through the galvanizing presence of The Beatles.
Wiesław Myśliwski’s Ideal Cinema
Authors: Szaniawski Jeremi
Published: April 2023

The author of this essay searches for traces confirming the influence of cinema on Wiesław Myśliwski’s life and works. Despite the fact that the writer acknowledged his love for cinema, this aspect is overlooked in discussions of his oeuvre. Myśliwski himself also does not devote much space to it in his recently published collection of texts and interviews W środku jesteśmy baśnią. Mowy i rozmowy [We are a Fairy Tales Within: Speeches and Conversations] (2022). In this article, the author devotes special attention to film motifs in the novel A Treatise on Shelling Beans (2013), the cinematic imagination that is revealed in this book, and the role of history in Myśliwski’s work.
„Kidults”, skonsumowana nostalgia i amerykańskie filmy dla młodzieży z lat 80. (oraz ich współczesne symulakra)
Authors: Korczarowska Natasza
Published: April 2023

W artykule omówiono wybrane filmy młodzieżowe (zrealizowane w Reaganowskiej erze politycznego i kulturowego neokonserwatyzmu) jako fenomen socjologiczny problematyzujący kwestię implikowanego odbiorcy. Główną tezą artykułu jest, że filmy dla nastolatków oparte na „formule Spielberga-Lucasa-Kinga” były, i w pewnym stopniu nadal są, adresowane nie do nastolatków, ale do kidults (amalgamatu dziecka dorosłego) – narcystycznych wiecznych nastolatków. Autorka wykorzystuje elementy teorii współczesnego konsumpcjonizmu Benjamina Barbera, opartej na idei „etosu infantylizmu” – etosu wymuszonej dziecięcości, który nakazuje traktowanie dzieci i kidults jako konsumentów. Filmy są analizowane w odniesieniu do koncepcji multisensorycznej nostalgii skonsumowanej Gary’ego Crossa (oznaczającej pożądanie przedmiotów pochodzących z okresu dla konsumentów formatywnego) jako psychologicznej odpowiedzi na doświadczanie życia w stresogennych realiach kapitalizmu.
Walt Disney i kino dla dzieci – wyprawa do źródeł
Authors: Sitkiewicz Paweł
Published: April 2023

Artykuł mierzy się z mitem Walta Disneya jako legendarnego autora filmów dla dzieci. Disney przez kilkadziesiąt lat przekonywał dziennikarzy i opinię publiczną, że tworzy kino dla widowni dorosłej, którą zresztą definiował w dość specyficzny sposób. Polemizował ze wszystkimi, którzy zarzucali mu błędy wychowawcze. Tematy wyprodukowanych przez Disneya filmów pełnometrażowych również dowodzą, że przez długie lata nie chciał uchodzić za pedagoga, choć zarazem produkcje te od początku przyciągały najmłodszych kinomanów. Artykuł stawia pytanie, dlaczego ktoś, kto tak radykalnie odżegnywał się od kina dziecięcego, stał się biznesmenem specjalizującym się w rozrywce familijnej. (Materiał nierecenzowany).
„Cudowne dziecko”. Studium polsko-kanadyjskiej koprodukcji schyłku PRL
Authors: Piepiórka Michał
Published: April 2023

Artykuł stanowi studium polsko-kanadyjskiej koprodukcji – Cudownego dziecka (1987) Waldemara Dzikiego. Autor koncentruje się na rekonstrukcji przyczyn wejścia polskiej ekipy we współpracę z zachodnim kontrahentem oraz przygląda się procesowi produkcji, tropiąc, jak wpłynął on na kształt filmowego dzieła. W ten sposób opisuje specyfikę polskiej kinematografii schyłku PRL – zarówno w aspekcie ekonomicznym, jak i zmian w mentalności twórców oraz decydentów. Kulisy podpisania umowy ujawniają, jakie wartości okazały się niezbędne dla wejścia polskiej kinematografii na międzynarodowy rynek filmowy. Przypadek współpracy produkcyjnej między krajami z obu stron żelaznej kurtyny jest rozpatrywany w perspektywie krytycznej refleksji nad transnarodowością kina, przy wykorzystaniu koncepcji relacji władzy – zarówno soft, jak i hard – zaproponowanej przez Josepha Nye’a. Badany przykład wskazuje jednak przede wszystkim na rolę negocjacji w międzynarodowych koprodukcjach, która prowadzi do filmowych form hybrydycznych.
Od redakcji
Authors: Kosińska Karolina
Published: April 2023

Wprowadzenie do tematyki numeru.
Blow up and Exponential Growth to a Kirchhoff-Type Viscoelastic Equation with Degenerate Damping Term
Authors: EKİNCİ Fatma , PİŞKİN Erhan
Published: April 2023

In this paper, we consider a Kirchhoff-type viscoelastic equation with degenerate damping term have initial and Dirichlet boundary conditions. We obtain the blow up and exponential growth of solutions with negative initial energy.
Interpolative $KMK$-Type Fixed-Figure Results
Authors: TAŞ Nihal
Published: April 2023

Fixed-figure problem has been introduced a generalization of fixed circle problem an investigated a geometric generalization of fixed point theory. In this sense, we prove new fixed-figure results with some illustrative examples on metric spaces. For this purpose, we use $KMK$-type contractions, that is, Kannan type and Meir-Keeler type contractions.
La dimensión afectiva hacia el perro callejero en Guatemala
Authors: Lepe López Manuel Antonio
Published: April 2023

En Guatemala, la persistencia de las poblaciones de perros callejeros se traduce en la incidencia de casos fatales de rabia humana. Los esfuerzos cuantitativos en abordar este problema han generado conocimiento acerca del riesgo por enfermedades zoonóticas, el peligro por mordeduras, y datos para censos poblacionales, sugiriendo que el comportamiento de vagabundeo de los perros es complejo y está estrechamente relacionado con el contexto socioeconómico del propietario. Por este motivo, el objetivo de esta investigación fue describir la percepción respecto al perro callejero en Guatemala. Para el presente estudio cualitativo, la recolección de datos se fundamentó en el método fenomenológico. Para tomar los datos se realizaron entrevistas no estructuradas, abiertas y flexibles según las respuestas iniciales de las personas.  Los datos se analizaron utilizando los pasos de Giorgi, intuyendo, analizando y describiendo las categorías emergentes entre corchetes. Los cuatro temas emergentes de la percepción, identificados en este estudio fueron: (1) la dimensión afectiva, (2) la sensación de semejanza, ubicuidad y abundancia, (3) el perro callejero en la cultura guatemalteca y (4) la intervención de las poblaciones. Esta información se relevante para los esfuerzos encaminados a controlar las poblaciones de perros vagabundos, para posibles actualizaciones de la Ley de Protección y Bienestar Animal, y para el diseño del programa nacional para la eliminación de la rabia canina en Guatemala, considerando la relevancia del ser humano y de su cultura en el mantenimiento de estos animales.
ROLE OF PRIVATE SECTOR IN DEFENCE INDUSTRIES OF INDIA
Authors: Kumar Dr. Kamlesh
Published: April 2023

India has started to develop new indigenous technology to produce the equipments and only advance technology equipments have been imported as per requirements during 1950s. In 1956, a new industrial policy resolution notified that arms and ammunition industries will be limited to public sectors only. After 1990, due to globalization, India opened it door for international trade and business and a new age of liberalization and privatization has been started. Many International companies have started to investment in Indian defence industries after globalization. Entering into manufacturing the defence equipment was very tough before globalization as obtaining an Industrial License was not easy to private sector companies. ). Indian government thought that more investment can be attracted if government liberalize and simplify the FDI polices in defense sector, so government increased the FDI limit in automatic route from 26% to 49 %. Opening the doors of defence sector to private sector was historic event which change the private sector as well as defence sector. Many numbers of agreements has been successfully attained by private sector. Type ‘make’ equipments became possible as it was rare during age public sector industries. Many big projects have been completed during last few years in time at low cost. Indigenous manufacturing is also promoted and Make in India concept is also achieved.
THE GEOPOLITICAL IMPORTANCE OF THE INDO-PACIFIC: INDIA’S STRATEGIC SIGNALLINGTHROUGH THE INDO-PACIFIC
Authors: Kaur Gagandeep , Kaur Harmanpreet , Aastha  , Sanjay Chavan Omkar
Published: April 2023

This project is looking at the difficulties faced by India. India faces in the Indo-Pacific region, particularly because of China's growing power. It will focus on the QUAD, a group that works to keep key sea routes free from military or political control. India and China have a contentious relationship, with India concerned about China's growing military presence and aggressive behavior on their shared border. This has led India to take a more active role in the QUAD to counterbalance China's influence. The primary goals of the QUAD are to preserve global order, ensure freedom of navigation, and maintain a liberal trade system in the region. The project will investigate whether the liberal order can be maintained in the region with China's growing military power, as well as the challenges India faces in its role in the Indo-Pacific and whether India's focus is shifting from the Indian Ocean to the Indo-Pacific to confront China's rise. Theresearch method used will be deductive and qualitative, using both primary and secondary sources.
Sustainable Teaching: Analysis of Teachers’ Competencies in Inclusive Education
Authors: Sajid Nadeem Khan Khosa  , Dr. Muhammad Shakir  , Dr. Erum Aslam
Published: April 2023

The purpose of current research study is to explore the level of awareness and knowledge of primary school level regular and special education teacher, working in an inclusive classroom setting for both typically diversified learners and individuals with special educational needs. The terminology "integrated" was changed to "inclusive," and the term diversity’ replaced ‘disability’. The basic objective of this current research study is to explore the awareness and knowledge of teachers working at primary school level in normal and special education teachers, working in an inclusive education setting for both typically diversified learners and individuals with special educational needs. This study is based on an investigation of teachers’ knowledge and awareness regarding diversity and inclusive education. A purposive design has been included in the general education sectors. a questionnaire for data collection was completed online.  Responded (n = 50) by teachers' knowledge about inclusion of diversified individuals, a statistical analysis was combined with the data obtained through a questionnaire. According to research on inclusive education, researchers suggest that, without knowledge and proper training, effective inclusion cannot take place in regular classrooms, regardless of how excellent the infrastructure of the building, educational policy, and how well-resourced it may be. As a result, teachers must know about inclusive education and aware to modify their lessons for diversity, give them tailored education, collaborate with professionals and parents, using modern techniques to supportt learners to resolved the issues, and overcome the weaknesses.
Mchango wa Kiswahili katika Mofofonolojia ya Nominomkopo za Lubukusu
Authors: James Tom Juma , Onyango Jacktone
Published: April 2023

Ukopaji wa leksimu baina ya lugha tofauti ni jambo ambalo haliwezi kuepukika. Kwa hivyo, makala haya yamechunguza jinsi lugha ya Kiswahili imechangia katika upanuzi wa Lubukusu kimofofonolojia kupitia ukopaji wa nomino. Hali hii ilisababishwa na dhana kwamba Kiswahili kimeathiri Lubukusu kiisimu kupitia vipengele kama vile fonolojia, mofolojia na sintaksia. Hata hivyo,makala haya yamejikita tu katika viwango viwili vya kiisimu; fonolojia na mofolojia. Malengo matatu yalishughulikiwa katika makala haya ambayo ni: kubainisha mabadiliko ya kifonolojia yaliyojitokeza katika nominomkopo kutoka Kiswahili hadi Lubukusu, kutambulisha mabadiliko ya kimofolojia yaliyojitokeza katika nominomkopo kutoka Kiswahili hadi Lubukusu na kuchunguza ulinganifu wa kifonolojia na kimofolojia uliopo baina ya nominomkopo za Lubukusu na leksimu changizi za Kiswahili. Hatua zote za makala haya zilitimizwa kupitia mihimili ya nadharia ya Mlingano Chanzi, modeli ya kiutohozi iliyoasisiwa na Smith (2009) na ni maendelezo ya Nadharia Upeo (OptimalityTheory) iliyopendekezwa na Prince na Smolensky (1993). Data ilikusanywa kutoka maktabani na nyanjani. Data ya maktabani ilipatikana kupitia udurusu wa vitabu, tasnifu, majarida na makala ya mtandaoni. Nyanjani, sampuli iliteuliwa kimaksudi kupitia mahojiano kwa walengwa 24 wa jamiilugha ya Babukusu kutoka Kaunti Ndogo ya Kiminini, Kauntiya Trans-Nzoia. Mahojiano yalihusu habari za kibinafsi na maswali teule kutoka kwa vikoa 12 vya kisemantiki. Uchanganuzi wa nominomkopo zilizokusanywa kutoka nyanjani ulidhihirisha kwamba kuna mfanano wa kimaumbo kati ya nomino hizo zikiwa katika mazingiraya Kiswahili na hata zinapohamishiwa katika mazingira ya Lubukusu. Uchunguzi wa matokeo ulionyesha kwamba nominokopwa za Lubukusu kutoka Kiswahili hupitia mabadiliko ya kifonolojia, kimofolojia na mabadiliko hayo yaliongozwa na sheria za kimofofonolojia zilizorahisisha usimilisho wa nomino hizo kopwa katika sarufi ya Lubukusu.
Description of Knowledge Legal Aspect of Independent Practice
Authors: Pramono Wijanarko Heru , Sugiyanto Emilia Puspitasari , Prasetya Chandra Hadi
Published: April 2023

Nursing as a medical professional has the right to carry out independent nursing practice. The legal aspects of independent nursing practice are regulated by Indonesian legislation. The knowledge of nurses, especially nurses who carry out independent nursing practices, is different. This knowledge is important to prevent violations of legal aspects. Based on this, the purpose of this study was to find out the description of the legal aspects of independent nursing practice owned by alumni of the DIII Nursing study program who carried out independent nursing practices. The respondents of this study were 5 alumni who had independent nursing practices. This research method is to use qualitative methods with data triangulation analysis methods. The results of the study obtained 6 themes regarding knowledge of the legal aspects of independent nursing practice including licensing, types of services, practice authority, rights and obligations, witnesses, regulatory developments.
Spatial Analysis to Identify Hotspots of Covid-19 Incidence in Jambi Municipality Indonesia
Authors: Wardiah Rizalia , Syukri Muhammad
Published: April 2023

Jambi Municipality is the epicenter of the Covid-19 case in Jambi Province and occupies the first position as the district/city with the highest number of cases and deaths. Identification of the pattern of spatial distribution of Covid-19 cases can assist policy makers in determining the most appropriate location to provide health interventions as an effective effort to prevent and control Covid-19.This study aims to determine the spatial pattern of the distribution of Covid-19 cases at the sub-district level in Jambi City from January to December 2021. The number of Covid-19 cases by month and sub-district in Jambi City was obtained from the surveillance section of the Jambi Provincial Health Office and Jambi Municipality. This study analyzes aggregated data from 62 sub-districts in Jambi Municipality. Thematic maps of the distribution of cases and maps of hotspots were made using the free Quantum GIS 3.22 application using the Getis Ord G* method. The total cases of Covid-19 during 2021 were 8,384 cases with a tendency for cases to decrease. The results of the study showed that during the 12-month study period the pattern of distribution of cases in clusters (hotspots) was found to be consistent in Alam Barajo, Telanaipura, and Kota Baru Districts.
The Effect of Mindfulness on Pain and IL-6 Level Serum ln Cancer Patient
Authors: Raharyani Anisa Ell , Bakhtiar Yuriz , Prasetyo Awal
Published: April 2023

Pain is a common symptom experienced by patients of nasopharyngeal cancer. This pain is caused by metastasis, infection and medication. Pain can result in physical, psychological (stress), social, and spiritual impact as well as it causes the emergence of perception about death that can decrease the life quality. Pain response affects changes on psychoneuroimmunology. Integrated treatment on pain is needed. Mindfulness is one form of integrative therapy to relieve pain intensity and reduce pro-inflammatory cytokine activity as a pain response. Objective to show effect Mindfullnes on pain and Il-6 serum level in cancer patient especially nasopharyngeal cancer. Experimental clinical trial one group pre and post test design without control. Sample collected based on consecutive sampling. Pain intensity is measured by using VAS, the neutrophils count is measured by using analyzer packet and IL-6 level is measured with ELISA. The instrument validity test showed r=0.90, while the reability test showed more than 0.90. Data were analyzed using t-test. Average difference of pain intensity before therapy, (mean4,07 + 0,99), there is a difference in the pain level, neuthropyl and IL-6. Mindfulness is proved to give effect on pain intensity, neutrophils count and IL-6 level on patients with nasopharyngeal cancer.
ESSENTIALS OF CHRONOLOGY AND PERIODIZATION OF THE HISTORY OF THE LANDS OF DONBAS IN THE MIDDLE AGES. PART 2
Authors:   Donetsk National University, Kolesnik A.V. , Grib V.K. ,   Donetsk National University, Sanzharov V.A. ,   Donetsk National University
Published: April 2023

The authors propose a periodization of the history of the Donbas lands during the High and Late Middle Ages. The beginning of a large cycle of migration processes caused by the invasion of the Oghuz tribes invasion was a marker of the High Middle Ages in the region. The demographic crisis at the end of the 14th century is considered as a marker of the beginning of the Late Middle Ages. Generally, the Middle Ages come to an end at the late 16th century when the southern borders of the Muscovite state were systematically moving further into the steppe. Particular attention should be paid to the characteristics of the regional features of the transitional periods from the Late Middle Ages to the Modern Era: there was a change in the vector of ethnic and political dominance in the middle and lower reaches of the Seversky Donets. Conditional periods and epochs, identified according to ethno-cultural and political criteria, are as close as possible to the existing conventional periodization. The proposed local model of the periodization of the history of the Donbas lands largely does not coincide with the periodization of the history of the neighboring regions of southern Eastern Europe. The elaboration of subdivided periodization permits us to more accurately reflect the features of the historical process in the region as parts of global history. Civilization criteria of periodization become more significant in the transition from the characteristics of epochs to the characteristics of specific periods. Migration processes are an important criterion for distinguishing between different epochs. Economic and ethnopolitical processes are of decisive importance for identifying periods of local history. A distinctive feature of the evolution of the lifestyle of medieval nomads was the trend towards sedentarization, the increase in the complexity of the food supply, and the development of sedentary settlement strategies. The principles of elaborating the periodization, tested in this study, can be used in discussing the problems of periodization of global history. Discussion of variants for periodization of local history leads to the improvement of the necessary conceptual apparatus. In the context of the periodization of the history of Donbas, the term “Middle Ages” is largely a conditional concept, different from the classical model.
CHILDREN'S HEALTH PROTECTION IN BASHKIRIA IN THE 1920s: IN SEARCH OF WAYS TO SOLVE THE PROBLEM
Authors:   Institute of History, Language and Literature, Ufa Federal Research Centre RAS, Suleimanova R.N.
Published: April 2023

The article is devoted to the consequences of the disaster that befell Bashkiria: the famine of 1921-1922, the developed epidemics and mass diseases that negatively affected the demographic situation in the region, the health of residents, especially children. Demographic indicators, including birth and death rates, have deteriorated significantly, and the rate of reproduction has declined. The author examines the formation of the health authorities in the Bashkir ASSR in the 1920s on the basis of archival documents and published sources. She analyzes the activities of local governments with the assistance of central authorities and departments to take the necessary measures to support the population in emergency situations of famine and epidemics, and the organize medical care for the population. Particular attention is paid to the organization of medical care for children, especially orphans, and the influence of objective and subjective factors on the promotion of social help. Particular attention is paid to the organization of medical care for children, especially orphans, the influence of objective and subjective factors on the provision of social assistance. The author reveals difficulties and omissions that influenced the solution of a social problem of national importance.
REVIEW ON THE LEADER: WORKS OF I.V. STALIN THROUGH THE EYES OF THE MARXISTS OF THE 1920S
Authors:   Orenburg State Pedagogical University, Nevzorova I.V. , Mochalov D.P. ,   Orenburg State Pedagogical University
Published: April 2023

The article is devoted to the consideration of critical reviews of Stalin's publications by Soviet Marxists in the first half of the 1920s. The authors intend to reveal to what extent Stalin's theoretical views were alien or, on the contrary, organically inherent in the intellectual environment of that period. The researchers analyze reviews in the leading journals of the time, written by thinkers with different political biographies and professional positions. They come to the conclusion that the works of I.V. Stalin were not perceived in the early Soviet period either as "brilliant" or as "revisionist" and did not stand out much against the background of the new cultural landscape.
HISTORICAL SPECIFICITY OF THE POLITICAL AND LEGAL FIELD OF COLONIAL VIRGINIA
Authors:   Samara State Technical University, Makarov E.P.
Published: April 2023

The article is devoted to the study of the historical features of the formation and development of an original model of legal relations that developed in Virginia during the colonial period. The existing source base makes it possible to correlate the legal interests of some of the most important participants in local socio-political processes, such as the official authorities of the colony, the local landed elite, and broad sections of North American society. The analysis of the formation of the judicial system in the colonial possessions of Great Britain reveals the specifics of individual colonies, among which the legal practices of Virginia rightfully occupied a special place, since they were a direct reflection of the political compromise between the most prominent groups of influence, such as the governor’s entourage, local land elites and the political nation of the colony. The inclusion of the legal system of colonial Virginia in a kind of system of checks and balances, which had an important impact on establishing a balance between the various branches of government, is particularly noteworthy. At the same time, the historical experience of Virginia clearly demonstrates how the needs of the colonial economy determined the development of local law and the political system.
«PIONEERS» OF SOVIET PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY (MATERIALS FOR THE BIOGRAPHIES OF YA.M. KOLOTYRKIN AND N.A. FUCHS)
Authors:   Samara State University of Economics, Sumburova E.I.
Published: April 2023

The article is devoted to the participation of two outstanding Soviet physicochemists, Ya.M. Kolotyrkin and N.A. Fuchs, in the international scientific transfer in the 1950s and 1960s. The author uses biographical materials, memories of the relatives and students of the scientists, and introduces previously unstudied letters from the archive fund of the Physicochemical Research Institute named after L.Ya. Karpov to the scientific world. The author underlines contribution of scientists to the study of physicochemical problems: the contribution of Ya.M. Kolotyrkin in the field of study of corrosion and protection of metals, and the role of N.A. Fuchs in the elaboration of the theory of aerosols; she emphasizes that the scientific activity of Soviet scientists was highly appreciated by both Soviet colleagues and foreign experts.
A.I. SOLZHENITSYN AS A SUCCESSOR OF RUSSIAN NATIONAL TRADITION
Authors:   Kaliningrad Branch of the Academy of Geopolitical Problems, Shulgin V.N.
Published: April 2023

The social and political views of A.I. Solzhenitsyn represent an organic part of the Russian free conservatism tradition that emerged after the French Revolution and matured after the 1812 due to N.M. Karamzin, V.A. Zhukovsky, A.S. Pushkin, F.I. Tyutchev, and their successors. The clear “consonance” of the ideas of A.I. Solzhenitsyn and his predecessors in the Russian tradition of the conservative originality is expressed in their rejection of imitation of Western culture and in the direct “genetic” relationship of their ideas.
Keep Austin…White? How Equitable Development Can Save Austin, Texas from its Racist Past and Homogenized Future
Authors: Hidalgo Kaylie
Published: April 2023

More than a century of racist federal, state, and local government policies created inequitable and racially segregated neighborhoods through a practice known as redlining. I-35 in Austin, Texas, represents one of the most iconic and stark segregationist splits in the country, with the Eastside being impoverished and mostly Black while the Westside’s mostly White population thrives. As a result, Austin is the only fastest-growing city in the nation losing people of color. While there have been some private and local efforts in Austin and across the country to increase investment in marginalized and divested communities, most of these approaches are limited because they cannot combat the systemic practices that lead to this issue in the first place. Without acknowledging the intentional and racist policies that created this issue and using the same intentionalism to reverse this, policies will fail to reach the communities in most need of affordable housing and eventually drive all people of color out of metropolitan cities. Thus, to properly redevelop cities such as Austin equitably, federal, state, and local governments should create affordable homes and rental units with an intentional focus on targeting marginalized communities and those displaced from the city. This Article seeks to explore tools that will allow cities to accomplish this, with a particular focus on a solution tailored to Austin, Texas, in light of redlining’s history on the federal and local levels and the more recent history of failed reforms attempting to address this issue.
Expect More from The Everything Store
Authors: McCall Ashlyn
Published: April 2023

For years, Amazon, a widely known and popular e-commerce enterprise and online marketplace, has provided consumers with a stress-free, simple approach to online shopping. The company offers customers the option to order products online or on an app and have them delivered directly to their door in no time at all. For years, Amazon has allowed third-party vendors access to its site for marketing and selling products to consumers.In recent years, instances have arisen where defective products sold on Amazon by third-party vendors have led to the injury of consumers. Often, the third-party vendors are suspicious entities who are challenging to locate and even more difficult to pursue legal recourse against for damages. By arguing that it merely provides a platform for these vendors to market their products to a wider-reaching consumer base, the E-commerce giant argues it is exempt from liability for consumers’ injuries since it is not the seller of the product that caused harm.Recently, a landmark case decided by the Supreme Court of Texas determined that Amazon could not be held liable for a defective product for which it never had or relinquished the title. This Note discusses why Amazon should be considered the “owner” of all products delivered to consumers via Amazon packaging by reviewing persuasive authority from other jurisdictions that found Amazon could be held liable. Additionally, it discusses other potential options for Amazon to pursue to help its customers more clearly identify suspicious vendors before purchasing products that could be defective. This Note ultimately argues that the Supreme Court of Texas set a precedent in the recently decided case of Amazon Incorporated v. McMillan that leaves customers no option for recovery when the third-party vendor is unreachable.
The Crisis of Railway Transportation and its Impact on the Economic Situation of the Grodno Province at the Beginning of the First World War
Authors: Zhikharev Sergey
Published: April 2023

The article notes that the crisis phenomena in the work of Russian railways appeared already at the very beginning of the first world war. At the same time, the attempt of the central authorities to solve the emerging transport problems, as well as their desire to ensure an uninterrupted supply of the urban population and industry with everything necessary on the basis of the primary planning of freight rail transportation, was not crowned with success. It follows from the reports of the Bialystok, Grodno and other city councils that the Warsaw and Kharkiv district committees practically did not interact with the local self-government bodies of cities and therefore poorly oriented in the real needs of the inhabitants in fuel and food.At the same time, the provincial commissions did not always have comprehensive information about the provision of the population with basic necessities. The commissions also had been caused significant difficulties determining the number of petitions satisfied by the district committees for the extraordinary delivery of railway goods and the number of goods that actually arrived in the cities under these permits. By the spring of 1915, it turned out that almost none of the commissions organized in the cities of the Grodno province could give accurate and complete answers to the governor's requests. The question of correlation between basic necessities and fuel that reached the local population from the total volume of goods that arrived in the province and then were exported from it to neighboring regions turned out to be the most problematic for most commissions.
State Food Commerce in the First Post-War Years (Based on the Materials of Leningrad)
Authors: Bizin Aleksey
Published: April 2023

The history of post-war everyday life would be incomplete without a story about state commerce. Post-war commercial trade is associated by many with the film The Meeting Place Cannot Be Changed. Not too well-fed post-war reality contrasts with a chic restaurant where operatives ambush Fox. Meanwhile, an expensive restaurant with music is not a figment of the imagination of the filmmakers, but part of post-war reality. State commerce is a special page in the history of Soviet trade, not the first and not the last attempt by the state to make money in a situation of commodity shortage. Under conditions of rationed supplies, people still had the opportunity to legally, without cards, buy industrial and food products at exorbitant prices. In Leningrad, trade at special prices became widespread from the middle of 1944. Shops opened in the city, night restaurants began to work. Despite the high prices, the turnover of commercial stores and restaurants grew rapidly. In addition to meeting the growing demand for goods, the emergence of commercial stores contributed to lower prices on the collective farm market.