bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
UMA ÉTICA PARA ALÉM DO HUMANO E DO TEMPO PRESENTE
Authors: Pereira Genivaldo Do Nascimento
Published: April 2021

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo trabalhar a proposta ética de Hans Jonas. Para Jonas, o homem, mediante técnica (Teckné), modificou o poder causal de sua ação no mundo. Segundo ele essa modificação no agir humano, nos colocou em uma situação paradoxal. De um lado alcançamos um poder, jamais antes alcançado por outra geração. Por outro lado, nos vemos incapazes de calcular os efeitos de tal poder a logo prazo.  Nesse contexto tanto o homem como o todo existente se encontram em risco iminente de extinção.  Segundo Jonas o arcabouço das éticas clássicas não enquadra essa nova realidade. Diante dessa situação, Jonas propõe uma redefinição da ética. Essa redefinição consiste em uma ampliação dos horizontes da mesma, ou seja, pensar a ética incluindo no debate a categoria extra-humana e até mesmo a dimensão da existência de gerações futuras.
IRWIN, William. Seinfeld e a Filosofia: um livro sobre tudo e nada; tradução Marcos Malvazzi Leal, São Paulo: Madras, 2004.
Authors: Moraes Ruan Pedro Gonçalves
Published: April 2021

Resenha da obra Seinfeld e a Filosofia: um livro sobre tudo e nada de William Irwin, na qual pretende demonstrar que uma série de comédia americana dos anos 1990 possui recursos e potencial para servir como ferramenta de discussão e aprendizado em Filosofia.
CANDIOTTO, Cesar. Foucault e a crítica da verdade
Authors: Silva Filho Francisco Antonio
Published: April 2021

Resenha do livro "Foucault e a crítica da verdade", de César Candiotto.
CONCEPÇÃO DE PRODUÇÃO DE PRESENÇA EM GUMBRECHT
Authors: Da Silva Wellington Amâncio
Published: April 2021

Este trabalho pretende apresentar alguns pontos do pensamento filosófico de Gumbrecht sobre a presença, especialmente, com relação às possibilidades da linguagem. A partir desse logos propõe-se uma crítica introdutória aos conceitos de coisa, de sujeito/objeto, de visão cartesiana do mundo, demonstrando, a partir do autor analisado, as possibilidades de tangibilidade por meio da linguagem e o que isso representa em face dos paradigmas vigentes das ciências instituídas. Através de pesquisa bibliográfica, viu-se que a teoria da linguagem de Gumbrecht é subsídio importante para a reflexão transdisciplinar, etnometodológica e etnoecológica; pode contribuir para um aprofundamento conceitual da “visão dionisíaca de mundo” de Nietzsche e Maffesoli; da “Geografia Humana” e do etnoconceito de “lugar” de Yi-Fu Tuan; dos conceitos de “abertura”, “lida”, “práxis”, “linguagem”, “Dasein”, “Ser-no-mundo” de Heidegger; de “adaptabilidade” de Moran e de “autopoiesis” e da fenomenologia biológica de Maturana.
CONEXÕES ENTRE VICO E ESPINOSA A RESPEITO DA ECONOMIA POÉTICA
Authors: Heine Gabriela Massarra Santos
Published: April 2021

Resumo: O tema de fundo do artigo é sobre a economia poética. O objetivo é o de analisar o saber, na obra A ciência Nova de Giambattista Vico e estabelecer conexões com as ideias de Espinosa. O fator humano é analisado sobre os aspectos da filologia e da filosofia. A educação do corpo e do ânimo são de grande importância para a economia poética, então surge a possibilidade de correlacionar conceitos como corpo, mente, natureza, conatus, medo e potência. Palavras-chave: Economia poética, educação, potência.
A DITADURA MILITAR BRASILEIRA À LUZ DA FILOSOFIA POLÍTICA DE GIORGIO AGAMBEN
Authors: Mendes Elger Mendes Dos
Published: April 2021

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo fazer uma reflexão da ditadura civil militar brasileira com os conceitos filosóficos políticos de Giorgio Agamben. Procuramos analisar os conceitos de vida nua, estado de exceção e campo os quais serão elementos essências que nos permitirão fazer uma reflexão sobre a Ditadura civil militar brasileira sobre um ponto de vista filosófico político.
UMA ANÁLISE DA BIOPOLÍTICA A PARTIR DAS TEORIAS DE AGAMBEN E ESPOSITO
Authors: Júnior Edivaldo Borges dos Santos
Published: April 2021

O presente artigo visa apresentar duas teorias biopolíticas, a saber, as de Giorgio Agamben e Roberto Esposito. O primeiro criou um tetraedro conceitual dotado de uma semântica própria que permite caracterizar a biopolítica, enquanto o segundo identificou um paradigma no qual a sociedade contemporânea se insere e qualifica a biopolítica. Longe de uma resposta unívoca ao que seja o fenômeno da biopolítica, esses dois autores italianos fornecem chaves conceituais imprescindíveis para compreender a realidade política em que estamos inseridos, que se qualifica pela inserção da vida em sentido biológico na política.
Improved attitudes of interns versus undergraduate medical students towards patients with mental illness in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Al-Atram Abdulrahman A.
Published: April 2021

Background: The attitudes of medical students towards mental illness are important since these students will be providing care to this group in the future. Aims: To assess the beliefs and attitudes of undergraduate medical students regarding mental illness and to compare students at different levels. Methods: This descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted among undergraduate medical students in the College of Medicine, Majmaah University, Saudi Arabia, during the 2018–2019 academic years. Male students were included from Years 3–5 (25 from each year) and 25 male interns using the proportionate stratified random sampling method. The participants responded to the Beliefs about Mental Illness (BMI) Scale and the Attitudes towards Mental Illness Questionnaire (AMIQ) Results: Bonferroni post hoc tests were used to conduct between-group comparisons of the year 3 group, who were at the beginning of their psychiatric training, with the other groups with more training. This revealed significant differences in scores for 11 of 21 items on the BMI Scale (P < 0.05). All questions regarding the 4 vignettes of the AMIQ (substance abuse, depression, psychosis, and obsessive compulsive disorders) showed a significant difference between students in year 3 and those in the other groups who had more psychiatric training (P < 0.05). Conclusions: The current medical psychiatric training positively improved the beliefs and attitudes of medical students towards patients with mental illnesses.
ANXIETY, DEPRESSION, STRESS, EMOTIONALITY AND AGGRESSIVITY - FACTORS THAT MAY INFLUENCE IRRATIONAL ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION AND RISKY SEXUAL BEHAVIOR
Authors: LUNGU Mihaela , NEACȘU Elena Lucreția , RADA Cornelia
Published: April 2021

Objectives. This literature review aimed to reveal the relationship between psychological factors such as anxiety, depression, stress, emotionality and aggression on the one hand, and irrational alcohol consumption and risky sexual activity on the other hand, in students (19-25 years) and adjacent age groups. Material and methods. The study was conducted by analyzing the literature published between 2010 and 2020. The search was conducted in Romanian and English, in 9 international publications, by the following key phrases and terms, separately or in combination: anxiety, depression, stress, emotionality, aggressiveness, alcohol consumption, drinking motives, binge drinking, sexual behavior, risky sex. Results. Applying repeated exclusion criteria, 31 articles remained in the analysis. Among these, risk behaviors were rarely analyzed in connection with psychological factors. Most studies that investigate risky behaviors regarding alcohol consumption and sexual activity, address them according to gender, educational level, age groups. Women were more prone to anxiety and depression, but also to show more psychological aggression compared to men who showed more physical aggression, even in sexual activity. Researches included aggression as a behavioral trait, and emotionality has been used as a variable in studies to validate standardized tools. Irrational alcohol consumption has been significantly associated with risky sexual activity and various forms of aggression. Conclusions. The risk of manifesting and developing depressive and anxiety symptoms is higher in victims of aggression, in people with risky sexual activity, and in consumers of irrational alcohol. In students and young people, stress has high values, contributing to the tendency towards risky behaviors. It is necessary to promote successful coping strategies and mechanisms, both in individual and group level, as well as the development of prevention strategies and therapeutic procedures to improve the listed risk behaviors. Keywords: anxiety, depression, aggression, alcohol consumption, sexual activity.
THE IMPORTANCE OF WELL-BEING AND SATISFACTION WITH LIFE IN READING-COMPREHENSION AND MATHEMATICAL ABILITIES IN DEAF AND HEARING INDIVIDUALS
Authors: GONZALEZ Yahir , CAMACHO-VEGA Diego-Oswaldo
Published: April 2021

Objectives. The primary objective of this study is to evaluate if there are significant differences in reading-comprehension and mathematics between deaf and hearing individuals, identify if the level of Psychological Well-Being and Subjective Well-Being is related to higher mastery in reading-comprehension and mathematics, and finally, determine if self-perceived disadvantages in reading and mathematics by deaf individuals are related with their mastery in reading and mathematics tasks. Material and methods. A mixed-method was conducted including correlational and topological analysis of speech. The sample was constituted by 58 volunteers: five deaf individuals (age M =28.4) and 53 hearings (age M =18.75). Participants responded to the Satisfaction with Life Scale and the Ryff´s Scales of Psychological Well-Being after solving the Adults Reading Evaluation and the Buenos Aires Mathematics test. Results. Higher scores were found for the hearing group in reading and mathematics. No correlations were found between Satisfaction with Life and reading and mathematics neither between Psychological Well-Being and reading and mathematics for both groups. The qualitative analysis indicated that deaf individuals perceived no differences in their reading-comprehension and mathematics skills regarding hearings, but they scored significantly lower than hearings. Conclusions. This study corroborated results from previous research about the differences in reading-comprehension and mathematical abilities between deaf and hearing individuals. This study identifies that differences between deaf and hearings might be more related to other factors such as the lack of awareness of difficulties in reading-comprehension and mathematics, while satisfaction with life and psychological well-being appears to be related to employment difficulties. Keywords: Deaf, reading-comprehension, mathematics, psychological well-being, subjective well-being.
Magnitud y configuración de las áreas de influencia para el manejo integral del accidente cerebro vascular isquémico en la ciudad de Bogotá D.C: el caso de la clínica universitaria Colombia
Authors: Palacios María Alejandra , Pradilla Iván Felipe , Polo Paola , Macea Javier Enrique
Published: April 2021

Objetivo: Determinar la magnitud y configuración del área de influencia de la Clínica Universitaria Colombia, centro de manejo integral del Accidente Cerebro Vascular isquémico en Bogotá D.C. Métodos: Se seleccionaron aleatoriamente centroides de las manzanas censales de Bogotá correspondientes al censo DANE del 2005. De acuerdo con datos oficiales, se escogieron tres condiciones de tráfico entre semana y en fines de semana. Utilizando la Interfaz de Programación de Aplicaciones de Matriz de Distancia de Google®, se solicitó el tiempo de desplazamiento en tráfico desde cada punto a la Clínica Universitaria Colombia. Se construyeron mapas ráster utilizando kriging universal y se asignaron tiempos de llegada a cada manzana censal. Utilizando estos valores se construyeron mapas coropléticos y se calcularon áreas y poblaciones de cobertura. Resultados: Se muestreó un total de 2.850 puntos entre semana y 1.420 los fines de semana, en tres momentos distintos, para un total de 12.810 tiempos de transporte. Las magnitudes del área de tiempo de transporte idealizado y de la población cubierta en ella mostraron reducciones de las mejores a las peores condiciones de 61,5% y 71,58%, respectivamente. Se identificaron grandes áreas con tiempos de transporte a la Clínica Universitaria Colombia que exceden el límite de 30 minutos, predominantemente en el norte, sur y oeste de la ciudad. Conclusiones: Las condiciones del tráfico afectan significativamente el área de cobertura y la población cubierta de la Clínica Universitaria Colombia, centro capaz de ofrecer atención integral para el accidente cerebrovascular en la ciudad de Bogotá.
La vía visual reexplorada: de la anatomía radiológica a los hallazgos anormales
Authors: Caicedo Montaño Camilo Alberto , Martínez de Los Ríos Rodrigo Andrés , Velásquez Castaño Sergio Andrés , Pantoja Yepez Javier , Mora Salazar Juan Andrés , Tramontini Jens Carolina
Published: April 2021

La vía visual comprende estructuras de alta complejidad anatómica y funcional, que pueden ser agrupadas por localización en tres grupos: prequiasmáticas, quiasmáticas y retroquiasmáticas. Las lesiones prequiasmáticas más frecuentes son el retinoblastoma y el melanoma uveal al interior del globo ocular, y el glioma del nervio óptico, el meningioma de la vaina del nervio óptico y la neuritis óptica que comprometen el nervio óptico. Las lesiones que más frecuentemente comprometen el quiasma son los gliomas, meningiomas, craneofaringiomas y adenomas hipofisarios. Finalmente, en las lesiones retroquiasmáticas el PRES (síndrome de encefalopatía posterior reversible, por sus siglas en inglés) es una de las más representativas. El objetivo de este artículo es presentar una revisión de la anatomía radiológica y de los principales hallazgos anormales en neuroimagen.
Rendimiento de una prueba compuesta frente a panel viral para el diagnóstico de neumonia viral pediatrica en un centro de cuarto nivel de Bogotá
Authors: Agudelo Quintero Angélica Giset , Bejarano María Alejandra , Palacios María Alejandra , Laverde Cardona Viviana Angélica , Ramírez Camacho Oscar Javier
Published: April 2021

Objetivo: Determinar el rendimiento operativo de una prueba compuesta dada por radiografía de tórax, hemograma y proteína C reactiva para diagnóstico de neumonía viral comparada con el panel viral respiratorio (prueba de oro). Métodos: Se realizó un estudio de prueba diagnóstica que permitió comparar el panel viral frente a una prueba compuesta para el diagnóstico de neumonía viral en población de 1 a 5 años en un hospital de cuarto nivel de la ciudad de Bogotá. Se obtuvo una muestra de 393 pacientes, en donde 88 tuvieron un panel viral positivo y 305 negativo. Resultados: El microorganismo más frecuentemente encontrado fue el virus sincitial respiratorio con un 64,77%. Se realizó una comparación por medianas para las variables cuantitativas y de proporciones en la cualitativas, evidenciando que existen diferencias significativas para las variables edad (p<0,001) y leucocitos (p=0,001). La sensibilidad y especificidad del algoritmo planteado se calcularon arrojando un resultado de 60,2% y 47,5% respectivamente. Se realizó un modelo de regresión logística binaria que incluyó las variables de frecuencia cardiaca, presencia de consolidación, aleteo nasal, leucocitos, y edad, mostrando un área bajo la curva de 0,73 (IC95% 0,66-0,78), correspondiendo esto a un desempeño predictivo aceptable. Conclusiones: El diagnóstico etiológico de la neumonía en niños puede ser desafiante para el médico pediatra. La prueba compuesta, por si sola, no puede aproximar al médico al diagnóstico de neumonía viral. El médico requiere de su experticia para determinar la etiología y manejo optimizando el uso de antimicrobianos.
Autorregulación y metacognición en el aprendizaje: un modelo de integración funcional
Authors: Martínez Bernal Jorge
Published: April 2021

El análisis de los procesos psicológicos involucrados en el aprendizaje, como sucede con el estudio de la metacognición y la autorregulación pasa por comprender algunos constructos de gran complejidad que en ocasiones tienen espacios fronterizos entrelazados. En este sentido, encontrar sus elementos definitorios y constitutivos resulta tan importante como interpretar sus relaciones y coincidencias entorno al desarrollo de las denominadas habilidades para el aprendizaje autónomo. En este artículo, se hace una revisión estructural de los elementos esenciales de la metacognición y la autorregulación, se analizan sus orígenes con una perspectiva correlacional, se identifican sus implicaciones en la formulación del ciclo de aprendizaje autorregulado resaltando los puntos de intersección y se finaliza con una propuesta de integración conceptual a partir de la presentación de un modelo innovador de aproximación funcional. Se espera que este análisis integrador, sirva de marco de referencia para el estudio del aprendizaje autónomo, y facilite el desarrollo de nuevas propuestas de investigación que permitan su implementación en los espacios de formación basados en el aprendizaje autónomo.
Experiencia de formación del graduado de la Fundación Universitaria Sanitas: una vivencia desde el Aprendizaje Basado en Problemas (ABP)
Authors: Bernal Fajardo Erika Sihomara , Rodríguez Paola Vargas
Published: April 2021

El presente artículo, pretende dar a conocer la experiencia de formación bajo el Modelo Pedagógico Institucional Aprendizaje Basado en Problemas (ABP) desde la perspectiva de dos graduadas de la Fundación Universitaria Sanitas (FUS). La argumentación se sustentó en fundamentos conceptuales bajo el concepto de graduados y la experiencia de formación en ABP que vivenciaron las graduadas en su pregrado. Se concluye que la formación en ABP permite el desarrollo de habilidades a Nivel Profesional, Laboral y Personal, garantizando graduados con un alto grado de competitividad, entendiéndose ésta como la alta capacidad y preparación para resolver las problemáticas que en la vida profesional se presentan, así como la adaptación en los diferentes escenarios laborales.
Modelo “Sistema Integral de Educación Rural” SIER
Authors: Díaz Osorio Leila Adriana
Published: April 2021

La educación, es uno de los pilares sociales que determina el desarrollo y progreso individual de las personas y del conjunto de la sociedad. Por tal motivo, el artículo tuvo como objetivo, analizar los factores que inciden en la aplicación del modelo del Sistema Integral de Educación Rural, para el fortalecimiento de competencias para el sector rural en docentes y estudiantes. El método de la investigación presenta un estudio de caso de valor intrínseco, el cual se indaga a profundidad con respecto a cuáles son sus componentes, procesos y relaciones con los actores sociales, a través de la observación y el análisis documental. Se identificó en el resultado, que los factores que incidieron, en el fortalecimiento de las competencias en la ruralidad, fueron, la transversalización del trabajo realizado por los docentes en las fincas, a través del Diplomado “Investigación Pedagógica Aplicada en Contextos Rurales”, y los emprendimientos realizados por los estudiantes, con el Programa de Escuelas de Formación Sembrar Paz. En conclusión, el modelo hizo un gran aporte en el impacto y colaboró un poco a la transformación de la comunidad educativa, en especial a los estudiantes de las instituciones de la Provincia de Rionegro (La Palma y Yacopí), con el Programa de Felicidad, Cuidado y Resiliencia, que les sirvió para encontrar un nuevo modo de ser, hacer y estar, de manera que se comprendieran, como sujetos activos dueños de su propio desarrollo.
Survival Analyses of COVID-19 Patients in a Turkish Cohort: Comparison between Using Time to Death and Time to Release
Authors: Cetin Sirin , Ulgen Ayse , Balci Pervin Ozlem , Sivgin Hakan , Cetin Meryem , Sivgin Sevdiye , Li Wentian
Published: April 2021

Survival analyses of COVID-19 data has its own unique features, in particular, the existence of two distinct events: death and release from the hospital within a very short period of time. This multiple-event situation belongs to a type where the occurrence of the first event prevents the second event to happen, and vice versa. We carried out two cause-specific univariate Cox regression survival analyses, one for time-to-death and another for time-to-release. Each survival analysis is further split into one for onset of symptom to event time and another for hospitalization to event time. We have also carried out a case-control (death vs. release) analysis without considering the time to event information. We observed that risk factors can be detected by either case-control or survival analysis, even though the goal of the two is quite different. We also observed that the two survival analyses may not both reveal a factor being a risk factor, but only one of them does. We prefer this two rounds of Cox regressions over mixture cure model which is only focused on time-to-death events which usually are sample size limited. By utilizing time-to-release events may greatly increase the sample size needed for revealing risk factors for COVID-19. Doi: 10.28991/SciMedJ-2021-03-SI-1 Full Text: PDF
Use of Vagus Nerve Stimulation and Vagal Maneuvers as Adjuvant Therapy for COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Sendin Susana Mabel , Yakisich Juan Sebastian
Published: April 2021

At present there is no effective specific antiviral drug to treat the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic that has already infected millions of individual and caused hundreds of thousand deaths worldwide. There is strong indication that a cytokine storm is responsible for the severity of COVID-19 patients. Pilot studies using IL-6 receptor inhibitors such as Tolicizumab have shown promising results. However, since the cytokine storm is a complex systemic inflammatory response involving multiple cytokines it can be hypothesized that a “paninhibition” of cytokines and/or cytokine receptors will be more effective. However, at the same time this strategy may cause more adverse effects. In this article, we propose the application of Vagus Nerve Stimulation (NVS) and/or some forms of vagal maneuvers as adjuvant therapies to prevent and/or mitigate the cytokine response in COVID-19 patients. This proposal is based on the ability of NVS and to decrease the production of IL-6 and other cytokines. The potential application of the diving response (one form of vagal maneuver), that has been shown to confer intrinsic resistance to inflammation in the blood of diving mammals, is also discussed as adjuvant therapy for COVID-19 patients. Doi: 10.28991/SciMedJ-2021-03-SI-2 Full Text: PDF
Preparedness of Healthcare Workers towards Handling COVID-19 Outbreak in the Gambia
Authors: Jatta Joseph W , Ouédraogo Jean Claude Romaric Pingdwindé , Sanyang Yusupha , Nebongo Daniel , Touray Tahir Ahmed , Sanyang Dodou
Published: April 2021

Background: The novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak that began in Wuhan, China rapidly became a public health concern and a challenge for healthcare systems globally.  In the wake of the first confirmed case in The Gambia, concerns were raised in some quarters about the health system's preparedness to handle the outbreak. Therefore, we aimed to assess health personnel's knowledge and preparedness in fighting the COVID-19 outbreak in The Gambia. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted using self-administered questionnaires distributed online through social media. Descriptive, bivariate, and binary logistic analyses were done using SPSS Version 22. Results: We obtained 333 valid responses. Most participants reported that their health facility has some form of preparedness; however, only a small proportion reported enough PPEs in the health facility. About half (50.5%) showed good knowledge of COVID-19. There was a statistically significant difference among the professions regarding their reaction if they were found positive of COVID-19 (p=0.006). There was a significant association between health professions [other professions (Odds ratio [OR]=0.2, 95% Confidence interval [CI]:0.04–0 .9; p=0.038)] and overall knowledge of COVID-19. Conclusion: Our findings showed some form of preparedness towards COVID-19 among healthcare workers. However, many aspects, such as the availability of PPEs and their proper use and knowledge, need improvement. Thus, training and an adequate supply of equipment are required to better respond to upcoming COVID-19 waves and future outbreaks. Doi: 10.28991/SciMedJ-2021-03-SI-5 Full Text: PDF
Estrategias de financiamiento en sectores turísticos: hoteles y restaurantes. //Financing strategies in tourism sectors: hotels and restaurants.
Authors: Carvajal-Salgado Ana Luisa , Carvajal-Salgado María
Published: April 2021

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo determinar las estrategias de financiamiento utilizadas por el sector turístico de hoteles y restaurantes del Ecuador, con la finalidad de identificar las causas que pueden estar originando que los propietarios de los negocios tomen determinadas decisiones de financiación, tomando como métodos de análisis la teoría de Jerarquización Financiera y Apalancamiento Objetivo; la población estuvo conformada por las empresas activas del sector que presentan sus reportes financieros a la Superintendencia de Compañías del Ecuador durante el período 2013-2015. La metodología de la investigación es cuantitativa, explicativa, correlacional, usando un modelo econométrico de datos de panel, a través de ratios financieros de endeudamiento y rentabilidad. Los resultados confirman los postulados de la teoría de Jerarquización Financiera, donde las empresas prefieren la autofinanciación. El análisis correlacional infiere que el nivel de endeudamiento, la edad y el crecimiento de las ventas son variables que influyen en la forma como se financian las empresas de este sector, sugiriendo que las mipymes tienen mayores dificultades para acceder a recursos externos.AbstractThe objective of this article is to determine the financing strategies used by the tourist sector of hotels and restaurants in Ecuador, with the purpose of identifying the causes that may be causing business owners to make certain financing decisions, taking as methods of Analysis of Financial Leverage Theory and Leverage Theory; the population was formed by the active companies of the sector that present their financial statements to the Superintendencia de Compañías del Ecuador during the period 2013-2015. The methodology of the research is quantitative, explanatory, correlational, using an econometric model of panel data, through financial ratios of indebtedness and profitability. The results confirm the postulates of the Financial Hierarchy Theory, where companies prefer self-financing. Correlational analysis infers that the level of indebtedness, age and growth of sales are variables that influence the way companies in this sector are financed, suggesting that MSMEs have greater difficulties in accessing external resources.
Simulación para Estimación de Muertes por Cáncer de Pulmón por Contaminación Ambiental de PM2.5. //Simulation to estimate deaths from lung cancer due to environmental contamination of PM2.5
Authors: Arcos-Medina Gloria , Armijos-Arcos Freddy , Oñate-Andino Mayra Alejandra , Pastor Danilo , Jerves-Cobo Rubén
Published: April 2021

El objetivo de este estudio es estimar el número de muertes por cáncer de pulmón  provocadas por la contaminación ambiental debida a la exposición de las personas a material particulado fino menor a 2.5 µm (PM2.5).  Para cumplir con este fin, se realizó un estudio con enfoque deductivo en el que se efectuaron simulaciones del modelo de evaluación de la morbilidad ambiental desarrollado por la Organización Mundial de la Salud.  Se evaluó la exposición de la población a la contaminación por PM2.5, basado en datos monitoreados en 12 estaciones de calidad de aire del Distrito Metropolitano de Quito en los grupos de población expuestas a PM2.5, y la incidencia  en la salud, estimada en la tasa de mortalidad en la población. Para el período de análisis 1990-2020 el total de muertes por neoplasias pulmonares es de 3058 ± 24 de los cuales 523 ± 32 se asociarían con las concentraciones de PM2.5; equivalente al 17.1%, CI=95% [15.9%-18.3%] y un Riesgo Relativo de 1.2046 [1.0688, 1.394]. Estos resultados fueron obtenidos a través de un software desarrollado para el efecto.   En conclusión, los valores obtenidos en la presente simulación se encuentran dentro del intervalo de confianza en relación a otros estudios similares.AbstractThe objective of this study is to simulate the estimation of the number of deaths from lung cancer caused by environmental pollution due to human exposure to fine particulate matter less than 2.5 µm (PM2.5). To achieve this goal, the study was conducted with deductive approach.  A simulation environmental model to assess morbidity developed by the World Health Organization was applied, based on population exposure to PM2.5 pollutant. This was done with data obtained from 12 air quality stations of the Metropolitan District of Quito and the population groups exposed to PM2.5, determining the impact on health.  The final simulation was calculated using the death rate in the population. For the period 1990-2020, the total number of deaths due to lung neoplasms was 3058 ± 24.  The number of these deaths associated to PM2.5 pollution was 523 ± 32, which supposes a Relative Risk of 523 ± 32, equivalent to  17.1%, CI=95% [15.9%-18.3%]. These results were obtained through software developed for this purpose. In conclusion, the values obtained in the present simulation are within the confidence interval of other similar studies.
Dancing with the Daunting: An Analysis of the Challenges in Dating and Maintaining Heterosexual Dyadic Relationships in Older Adulthood
Authors: Tran Elaine
Published: April 2021

The purpose of this paper is to identify and examine the challenges and difficulties associated in the process of dating for older heterosexual adults in dyadic relationships. A number of unique barriers are explored, including particular attitudes towards aging which shaped older adults’ self-presentation in online dating as well as characteristics older adults identified in prospective partners; barriers to dating due to the aging process, which manifested into smaller networks of social support; gender imbalance; and expressions of sexuality and intimacy. Moreover, gendered differences between men and women were also discussed, broadening into difference between presentation in online dating as well as relationship attitudes and outlook. Finally, some gaps within previous literature and research were presented in an attempt to promote more diverse and inclusive research on older adults, dating, and intimate romantic relationships.
The Effect of Personal and Relationship Dynamics as it Relates to Customs of Gift Exchanging and Vice Versa
Authors: Karwal Rea
Published: April 2021

Gift giving practices vary across cultures, occasions, and sentiments. The practice of giving and receiving gifts is often associated with displays of affection; and socially speaking, portray care, love, commitment and security. The purpose of this paper is to focus on personal as well as relationship dynamics that effect gifting rituals within romantic relations and vice versa. In order to do this, I shall be reviewing and discussing present literature central to the topics of love languages, attachment styles, gifting perceptions, commitment, and ulterior motives; all of which play critical roles in personal and relationship development.
Comparative evaluation of the effectiveness of dilatation correction of the pyelocaliceal system of the kidneys in the context of using various options for drainage of the upper urinary tract
Authors:   Tula Regional Clinical Hospital, Fedorov A.A. ,   Tula, Russia, Zolotukhin O.V. ,   Voronezh State Medical University named after N.N. Burdenko of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation; Voronezh, Russia, Madykin Yu.Yu. ,   Voronezh State Medical University named after N.N. Burdenko of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation; Voronezh, Russia, Petryaev A.V. ,   Tula Regional Clinical Hospital; Tula, Russia
Published: April 2021

Introduction. Upper urinary tract (UUT) obstruction remains a socially significant problem due to its high frequency and serious pathogenetic consequences. Dilation of calyx-pelvic system (CPS) remains one of the pathognomonic manifestations of this condition, which should be immediately corrected. Percutaneous puncture nephrotostomy, internal stenting, and ureteral catheterization are the most commonly used methods for draining the upper urinary tract. However, the problem of choosing a drainage method in a specific clinical situation based on the criterion of the effectiveness of elimination of CPS dilatation has not yet been resolved. Purpose of the study. Comparative analysis of the efficiency of drainage of the upper urinary tract under the conditions of the use of three alternative methods –распредеpercutaneous puncture nephrostomy, internal stenting and ureteral catheterization – followed by substantiation of the choice in a specific clinical situation according to the criterion of the effectiveness of correction of the dilatation of the CPS. Materials and methods. We included in this study 300 patients with obstruction of the upper urinary tract due to urolithiasis, oncourological and oncogynecological pathology. The presence and resolution of dilatation of the CPS was determined using ultrasound diagnostics and intravenous urography. Results. Percutaneous puncture nephrostomy is the most effective in treating upper urinary tract obstruction in terms of eliminating CPS dilatation, ureteral catheterization is less effective, and internal ureteral stenting occupies an «intermediate position». Conclusion. When planning and implementing the treatment of upper urinary tract obstruction, one of the main criteria should be taken into account the effectiveness of correction of the dilatation of the CPS. In a specific clinical situation in which dilatation of the PCS will be of the greatest importance, percutaneous puncture nephrostomy will be the optimal method of drainage.
Влияние гипербарической оксигенации на восстановление сексуальной функции пациентов после радикальной простатэктомии
Authors:   Russian medical academy of continuing professional education, Sokolov E.A. , Veliev R.A. ,   Russian medical academy of continuing professional education, Veliev E.I. ,   Russian medical academy of continuing professional education, Mitrokhin A.A. ,   State clinical hospital named after S.P. Botkin; Moscow, Russia, Vodneva M.M. ,   State clinical hospital named after S.P. Botkin; Moscow, Russia
Published: April 2021

Introduction. Necessity of the functional results’ improvement after radical prostatectomy (RP) stimulates research of additional rehabilitation methods of the patients. The aim of this research is study of the hyperbaric oxygenation (HBO) efficacy on erectile function (EF) rehabilitation in patients after RP with nerve-sparing surgery (NSS). Materials and methods. This study analyzed the data of 37 patients with normal EF prior to surgery. Randomization into two groups was performed: patients who received HBO course (17 patients) and control group (20 patients) who had no postoperative therapy. The HBO course included 10 90-minutes sessions. Unilateral NSS was performed in 24 cases (64,9%), bilateral NSS – in 13 cases (35,1%). EF status was assessed by IIEF-15 questionnaire, biochemical recurrence was registered in PSA > 0,2 ng/ml after the surgery. Clinical practice and results. Full EF rehabilitation in HBO group in one year was registered in 13 cases (76,5%) versus 9 cases in control group (45%, p=0,03). HBO had statistically significant influence on EF rehabilitation only in unilateral NSS cases (p=0,037). Use of HBO had no influence of orgasmic function rehabilitation (82,4% versus 80% in control group, p>0,05). No biochemical recurrence was registered in the HBO group. Conclusion. The HBO application in RP with unilateral NSS may be considered as perspective possible EF rehabilitation method. According to the early results use of HBO in postoperative period doesn’t exceed the risk of cancer recurrence. Further method efficacy and safety assessment is needed as well as evaluation of an optimal scheme and terms of the treatment.
Vascular erectile dysfunction: a comprehensive approach to diagnosis
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Kamalov A.A. , Matskeplishvili S.T. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Chaliy M.E. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Okhobotov D.A. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Sorokin N.I. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Strigunov A.A. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Nesterova O.Yu. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Afanasyevskaya E.V. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Tivtikyan A.S. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University
Published: April 2021

Introduction. Erectile dysfunction (ED) combines many conditions leading to erectile dysfunction and disability to perform sexual intercourse. It was confirmed that the most common cause of ED is vascular disorders, primarily associated with atherosclerosis that leads to cardiovascular diseases. Objective. To analyze the available literature data about the methods for diagnosis vascular ED, including according to cardiovascular system status. Materials and methods. The results of the search in scientific databases Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane, Chinese BioMedical Literature Database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Elibrary.ru were analyzed. After a detailed verification of the reliability of sources, impact factors of journals and the sequence of presentation of the material, 63 most relevant scientific publications were selected directly for citation. Results. The first step of the vascular ED diagnosis is the monitoring of nocturnal penile tumescences. Next, the risk factors for cardiovascular diseases and ED are evaluated: anamnesis of elevated blood pressure, physical activity, smoking, body weight, measurement of blood pressure, blood analysis with the lipid and glycemic profiles. For the diagnosis of endothelial dysfunction (END), the determination of flow-dependent vasodilation of the brachial artery is used, with the possible determination of the rate of blood filling after decompression. After the END is confirmed in patients with ED, it is useful to determine the vascular age using the SCORE scale. For further management of the patient with ED and END, stratification of the associated with sexual activity cardiovascular complications risk is recommended. Conclusion. The proposed diagnostic algorithm will allow not only identify the vascular component of ED at an early stage, but also to avoid fatal cardiovascular complications by prescribing and recommending therapeutic and preventive measures to patients with asymptomatic cardiovascular diseases.
Rescatando la importancia del trabajo botánico de Miguel Lillo (26 de julio de 1862 – 4 de mayo de 1931) en el nonagésimo aniversario de su fallecimiento
Authors: Catania M. Del V. , Taboada María De los A. , Bulacio Eva , Arana Marcelo D.
Published: April 2021

En el nonagésimo aniversario del fallecimiento de Miguel Lillo, el presente trabajo presenta una síntesis de la importancia de las contribuciones botánicas, generadas por una figura emblemática que representa a las Ciencias Naturales en la provincia de Tucumán, Argentina. Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica específica sobre Miguel Lillo, biografías y consulta de bases de datos en línea. Se da a conocer una lista de especies descriptas por Lillo validadas actualmente y taxones de plantas y hongos en honor a la memoria del gran sabio.
Kinetic modeling of ethanol production by batch fermentation of sugarcane juice using immobilized yeast
Authors: Kingsley Chidozie Agu  , Mujeeb Koyejo Oduola
Published: April 2021

Ethanol production via the batch fermentation of sugarcane juice using immobilized yeast has been studied. The influence of glucose concentration, ethanol concentration, and cell concentration (biomass) on the process rate throughout the period of fermentation has been investigated. Initial cell concentration was found to be 4.60 g/L saccharomyces cerevisiae. Biomass, ethanol and glucose concentrations were measured at different time interval during fermentation. The experimental data obtained were fitted using a variety of models for yeast growth. The logistic model gave the best fitting and was the basis for the development of the overall kinetic model. For ethanol formation, different model based on the logistic model for yeast growth were used to fit the experimental data and the leudeking – piret model was adopted because of its good fit. The leudeking – piret model was also adopted for substrate consumption. The estimated values of the kinetic parameters in the developed model were μm=0.04216hr-1, Xm = 6.2652g/L, α = 24.87149g/g.hr, Yx/s = 0.18292g/g and m = 0.008171g/g.hr. Therefore, a model based on the logistic equation of yeast growth, growth associated production of ethanol, and consumption of glucose for biomass and maintenance was found to accurately fit the production of ethanol from sugarcane.
Ozonation, a novel bio-preservation technique for food processing in food industries
Authors: Luka Yelwa Barde  , Hussaini Adamu  , Tabita SuLe Gaba  , Mohammed Abba Danjuma
Published: April 2021

Application of ozone as a replacement to traditional sanitizers requires thorough understanding of its benefits and limitations; in some food a lesser log reduction rate is observable virtually less than the required 5log reduction rate. Ozone’s ability to destroy microorganisms is through the oxidation of some important cellular components, specifically the bacterial cell surface being the major target, ozone does not significantly affect the nutrients contents or sensory qualities in food; it has lesser effect on increasing temperature of food during processing, ozonation is an effective technology in extending the shelf-life of fruit and vegetables, rinsing or dipping vegetables in water saturated with ozone is a positive method. Onions treated with ozone during storage was positive, mold and bacterial populations was greatly decreased and no any sign of change in chemical composition and sensory quality of the product. Ozone has great advantage in the food industry; it is sufficiently soluble and stable in water with high antimicrobial activity, no need for storage of hazardous substances when used it, has low running cost with no residual problems after treatment and it autodecomposes and its stable end-product is oxygen so the by product is virtually oxygen. However, ozone’s limitation is still a threat in the food industry, it has the ability to desolubilize or decompose, or react with food constituents and targeted microorganisms. The reaction and the degradation of ozone diminish the residuals of this sanitizer during processing and subsequently lack of residuals could limit the ability of the processor’s for in-line testing of effectiveness. This paper reviewed the different application of ozone in the food industry.
Spicing up with changing times: A study with special reference to Dindigul Thalapakatti Restaurant
Authors: S. Gayathry
Published: April 2021

Food provides the required nutrients for every human being. Good and healthy food provides the essential energy for proper growth and development of the human body. It will also help to maintain a proper immune system. Tasty food will treat the taste buds and good food is considered to be a joy forever. Biriyani is supposed to be the most delicious non vegetarian food item. It is the most sought after dish among the foodies. Though, the dish has its origin from the Mughals, it has been prepared and served across the world under different flavours. Although there are many restaurants serving Biriyani, Dindigul Thalapakatti brand has attained widespread popularity across the globe. The sixty four year old restaurant chain was started as a small outlet in Dindigul in Tamilnadu by Mr.Nagasamy Naidu under the name Anandha Vilas Biriyani Hotel. The founder used to wear a turban called “Thalapa” which became synonymous with his brand and cooking style by earning him a nick name “Thalappakatti Naidu” which eventually became the name of their brand. This paper attempts to reconnoiter the journey of Dindigul Thalalpakatti in spicing up with the changing times.
Kaposi's sarcoma revealing an immune restoration syndrome
Authors: Mamoudou Savadogo  , Ismaël Diallo
Published: April 2021

Introduction: Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) leads to reconstitution of immune responses in HIV-infected patients. This immune reconstitution may reveal an immune reconstitution syndrome (IRS). While tuberculosis is the most common manifestation of IRS in southern countries, other more serious conditions such as Kaposi's disease may reveal it. Observation: We report a case of Kaposi's disease revealing an immune restoration syndrome with the aim of contributing to a better management. The patient was 38 years old and HIV1 positive, severely immunocompromised with a TCD4 lymphocyte count of 138 cells/mm3. He was admitted to the YO University Hospital for fever associated with a progressive deterioration of the general condition. On admission, he showed signs of anemic cardiomyopathy (functional systolic murmur + edema of the lower limbs + severe anemia at 4.7g/dl) and signs of functional renal failure (creatinine=182 micromol/l). Under treatment, the evolution was favorable and he was discharged from the hospital on antiretroviral treatment (ARV). Three months after the start of ARV treatment, the follow-up assessment noted an increase in TCD4 lymphocytes to 300 cells/mm3 and the skin examination revealed Kaposi's lesions on the thigh. With specific treatment, the evolution was favorable. Conclusion: Early detection and management of HIV infection can prevent some serious manifestations of immune restoration syndrome, such as Kaposi's disease.
Evasão no curso de licenciatura em Ciências Biológicas da UESC na transição do vestibular para o SISU (2012-2014)
Authors: Simões Ludmila César , Mendes Maíra Tavares
Published: April 2021

A Educação Superior brasileira tem se deparado crescentemente com o fenômeno da evasão, cujas causas variam desde questões institucionais (pedagógicas, curriculares, políticas de permanência) a aspectos econômicos, sociais e familiares. Este estudo de caso objetivou compreender o fenômeno da evasão dos alunos matriculados no Curso de Licenciatura em Ciências Biológicas da Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz (UESC), nas três turmas ingressantes de 2012 a 2014, em meio à transição da forma de ingresso do exame vestibular para o SISU. Buscando compreender a pronunciada taxa de evasão no ano de 2013, foram entrevistados estudantes evadidos com o intuito de elencar suas motivações para a saída do curso. Trabalhou-se com a hipótese de que a transição do vestibular para o SISU e o fato de ser um curso de formação de professores são fatores preponderantes para esse movimento de saída. As entrevistas confirmaram as hipóteses, bem como apontaram os seguintes fatores como contributivos à evasão do curso analisado: questões materiais, dificuldades pedagógicas, falta de identificação com o curso, carga horária extensa, dentre outras. Por fim, apresenta-se um conjunto de medidas que possibilitam aperfeiçoar as políticas de permanência a partir dos casos analisados.