bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Romances Gráficos e Formações em CienciArte – Estudo de Caso a partir de um Curso de Extensão EaD
Authors: Moraes Vinicius , Araujo-Jorge Tania , Ferreira Roberto Rodrigues
Published: November 2024

Para enfrentar as atuais dificuldades no ensino, precisamos utilizar meios eficientes de comunicação e atrativos ao seu público-alvo. Cursos de extensão se mostram como potentes ferramentas para atuar nessas questões e, se criados em formatos online, podem ampliar e enriquecer os debates. Quando utilizam abordagens como a CienciArte, podem tornar o aprendizado prazeroso e interdisciplinar. Dessa forma, o objetivo deste trabalho é discutir as contribuições dos romances gráficos na construção de curso de extensão virtual em CienciArte com foco em discussões no ensino em biociências e saúde. O curso, denominado SASN - Saúde, Ambiente e Sociedade em Narrativa foi ofertado, em 2023, a duas turmas, atendendo um total de 47 participantes. A formação teve 8 encontros síncronos (Google Meet) e atividades assíncronas via Ambiente Virtual de Aprendizagem (Campus Virtual Fiocruz). Os participantes eram das regiões sudeste (39), norte (4) e nordeste (4), com diferentes faixas etárias e, predominantemente, estudantes de licenciatura (21) e professores (17) das áreas de Ciências da natureza e saúde (40). Antes da formação, 22 pessoas informaram ter hábitos de leitura de histórias em quadrinhos e romances gráficos e, ao final, 33 relatam que ampliaram ou passaram a ter tal prática. Revelando que as atividades oferecidas cumpriram papel social e cultural além de discussões teóricas. Percebemos também boa aceitação em aspectos como temas discutidos, ferramentas e metodologias. Assim, SASN se mostrou uma ação lúdica, interdisciplinar e de formação complementar. Na qual almejamos ofertá-la à novos públicos e consolidar nossa metodologia, para futura (re)configuração no formato autoinstrucional. 
 
Palavras-chave: Educação a distância. Interdisciplinaridade. Artes sequenciais. Formação profissional.
Self-excitation of non-synchronous rotation of closely spaced unbalanced rotors
Authors: Samokhvalov Vladimir N.
Published: November 2024

The results of experimental studies of the process of self-excitation of rotation with close coaxial arrangement of thin-walled disks, as well as rigidly and movably installed screens coaxially located with them, are considered and analyzed. Self-excitation of rotation was observed only when one dynamically unbalanced rotor (disk) rotated with a frequency of more than 50...150 Hz and when circular vibration of an initially non-rotating second rotor (disk or screen) was excited, located coaxially at a distance of 1...4 mm from it on a common rigid base. The self-excitation of the rotation of the rotor installed on an electric motor not connected to the network was not synchronous with the rotation speed of the dynamically unbalanced rotor rotated by the electric motor. With a rotor (disk) weight of 0.5 N and an initial distance from the screen of 3...3.5 mm, the force causing repulsion of the movable screen from the rotor was about 2.5...2.7 N, and the torque was about 0. 01 Nm. When the distance between the surfaces of the coaxially located dynamically unbalanced rotating rotor and the initially stationary disk or screen was more than 5...6 mm, the process of repulsion and self-excitation of rotation of the screen or rotor was not observed. The rotation of a well-balanced rotor in the absence of circular vibration of the second rotor or screen, even with a distance between them of 1...1.5 mm, other things being equal, also did not lead to their forceful interaction and self-excitation of rotation.
Teeth matching frequency in vibration diagnostics of technical condition of aviation gas turbine engine gearboxes
Authors: Sundukov Aleksandr E. , Shahmatov Evgeniy V.
Published: November 2024

The performance of an aviation gas turbine engine with gearbox is largely determined by the technical condition of this unit. Vibroacoustic diagnostics is the most effective method for identifying defects in rotary machines. It is generally recognized that the most informative diagnostic signs of gearing defects are the intensity of tooth harmonic and its multiples. However, in this case it is necessary to carry out vibration measurements in a wide frequency range. On the example of defects of the NK-12 engine gearbox we have shown that the use of the parameters of teeth matching frequency can reduce the frequency range under study by more than two orders of magnitude and improve efficiency of diagnostics of such defects as teeth wear and backlash.
Optoelectronic discrete-phase converter for automated control systems of geometric parameters of the surface
of gas turbine engine blades
Authors: Prokofev Andrey B. , Danilin Sergey A. , Chernyavskiy Arkadiy Zh. , Danilin Aleksandr I.
Published: November 2024

Gas turbine engine blades are products with a complex spatial configuration that requires high manufacturing precision, which in turn is determined by the complex overall balance between aerodynamic, strength characteristics and production and technological requirements. During the production of blades, the surface profile in various sections of the blade airfoil is subject to control, among others. Deviations in the shape of the theoretical section and the installation angle of the profile lead in practice to a deviation of the natural vibration frequency of the blades from the calculated values. Increasing the accuracy of geometry control in the technological process of manufacturing gas turbine engine blades is in demand and important.
A measuring device developed by Samara University is briefly described: an optoelectronic discrete-phase converter (OEDPC), which is designed for non-contact determination of geometric parameters – the profile and curvature of gas turbine engine blades. The implementation of the OEDPC is based on a method for determining the parameters of the surface geometry of a gas turbine engine blade, which consists in measuring the deviations in time of the position of the maximum information signal from the reference one and makes it possible to increase the accuracy of determining the profile and curvature of the blade airfoil while maintaining performance at the level of the best examples of optoelectronic converters of a complex-profile surfaces.
Identification and synthesis of metabolites of 4-(5-methyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-yl)-benzenesulfonamide
Authors: Khokhlov Alexander L. , Yaichkov Ilya I. , Шетнев Anton , Panova Valeria A. , Efimova Yulia A. , Ivanovskiy Sergey A. , Korsakov Mikhail , Volkhin Nikita N. , Petukhov Sergey S.
Published: November 2024

Introduction: 4-(5-methyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-yl)-benzenesulfonamide is a new selective type II carbonic anhydrase inhibitor with local action through instillation into the eyes. For a complete pharmacokinetic study of this drug, it is necessary to detect and synthesize its metabolites for their systemic exposure evaluation.
Materials and Methods: The investigation was performed on 6 Wistar rats and 6 Soviet Chinchilla rabbits. The drug in the form of a 1% suspension was administered by intraperitoneal injection. Blood was sampled in a volume of 0.2 mL at the following time points: before administration and 1 h, 2 h, 4 h, 24 h after administration. Then 150 µL of each sample was centrifuged to produce plasma. Urine was simultaneously sampled in rats using metabolic cells: before administration and at intervals of 0-2 h, 2-4 h, 4-6 h, 6-24 h after administration of the drug. The identification of metabolites in these objects was performed using HPLC-MS/MS. Then the detected biotransformation products were synthesized. The structure of the obtained substances was confirmed by NMR spectroscopy and high-resolution mass spectrometry. At the final stage, animal biological fluids and model samples with the addition of the synthesized compounds were analyzed using HPLC-MS/MS to establish the structure of metabolites.Results and Discussion: N-hydroxy-4-(5-methyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-yl)-benzenesulfonamide, 4-(5-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-yl)-benzenesulfonamide and 4-(5-methyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-yl)-benzenesulfonic acid were identified and synthesized. The complete coincidence of the structure of metabolites and the synthesized substances was established as a result of their comparison in retention time, the ratio of the areas of chromatographic peaks at the main MRM transitions, as well as mass spectra.Conclusion: N-hydroxy-4-(5-methyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-yl)-benzenesulfonamide and 4-(5-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-yl)-benzenesulfonamide are products of biotransformation of the studied drug. It was found that 4-(5-methyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-yl)-benzenesulfonic acid is formed by decomposition of N-hydroxymetabolite in urine samples during the collection process.
Krytyk a recenzent – synonimy czy specjalistyczne terminy? Przegląd słownikowy
Authors: Górska Alicja
Published: November 2024

Artykuł stanowi przegląd słownikowych definicji terminów „krytyka” i „recenzja” (oraz ich pochodnych) na przestrzeni wieków. Jego celem jest ustalenie, czy pojęcia te można stosować zamiennie, czy też są to terminy odmienne, określające inny system oceny tekstu kultury. W kręgu rozważań prowadzonych w artykule znajduje się też pytanie dotyczące docelowych grup odbiorców krytyków i recenzentów.
Academic Research School of Administrative Law
Authors: Kobzar-Frolova M. N. , Grishkovets A. A.
Published: November 2024

This article examines the academic research school of administrative law, highlighting its importance within the scientific community. An academic school is understood as a cohesive local community of scholars united by a common idea, which forms part of the larger professional scientific community. Key features of a scientific school are outlined, including the presence of distinct research directions, which are typically defined by the scientific interests and expertise of the most influential members of the school. The origins and development of the academic research school of administrative law, founded by Professor Semyon Sevast’yanovich Studenikin, are explored. The article analyzes Studenikin’s foundational ideas that shaped this school and highlights areas of particular interest to him. A brief overview of the scientific achievements of the school’s representatives, which developed and continues to flourish at the Institute of State and Law of the Russian Academy of Sciences, is provided. Three main research areas within this scientific school are identified: theoretical, public-administrative, and the protection of citizens’ subjective rights in the field of public administration. The first two areas were developed by Professor S.S. Studenikin, while the third was pioneered by Professor M.D. Zagryatskov. The contributions of the followers of these scholars, including contemporary academics, to each of the three primary directions of the school are also discussed.
On Some Modern Trends in the Development of the Institution of Administrative Responsibility (Using the Example of Extraordinary (Special) Legal Regimes)
Authors: Lifanov D. M. , Khazanov S. D.
Published: November 2024

This article presents a comparative analysis of the structure of norms in the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation, based on positions of the highest legislative and judicial authorities, as well as the opinions of legal scholars on administrative liability for violations committed under extraordinary legal regimes (including states of emergency, high-alert, and antiterrorism regimes). Particular attention is given to administrative offenses outlined in Articles 20.3, 20.5, 20.5.1, 20.6, 20.6.1, 20.7, 20.19, and 20.27 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation, and their relationship to similar norms in the Draft of the Administrative Code from May 29, 2020, developed by the Russian Ministry of Justice. It is noted that most norms regarding administrative liability for violations under extraordinary legal regimes are drafted as blanket norms that refer to regulatory laws, often without detailed guidance on their application. The Authors suggest that using this legislative approach is appropriate in cases where it enhances the effective implementation of extraordinary regimes and ensures clarity in the regulation of accountability. The Authors conclude that inconsistent changes to administrative legislation can lead to conflicts within the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation and propose a comprehensive approach to improving administrative legislation, specifically in Chapter 20 of the Code. This includes developing methodological recommendations to support administrative offense cases related to extraordinary legal regimes.
Enhancing Cybersecurity for UAV Systems: Implementing NIS2 Provisions for Safe Drone Deployment in Albania
Authors: TOMCO Vilma , PASHAJ Klorenta
Published: November 2024

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) have become essential tools in both military and civilian applications, from surveillance to infrastructure monitoring. However, their increased use has raised significant cybersecurity concerns, particularly regarding vulnerabilities to cyberattacks such as GPS spoofing, signal jamming, and data link interception. This paper reviews the key cybersecurity challenges facing UAVs and explores mitigation strategies to enhance UAV security, with a focus on potential applications in Albania. Drawing on recent studies, we examine common attack vectors, including man-in-the-middle (MITM) attacks, denial-of-service (DoS) attacks, and unauthorized data interception. These vulnerabilities pose risks not only to the safe operation of UAVs but also to the integrity of the critical infrastructure they monitor. To address these issues, the paper proposes robust encryption protocols, real-time monitoring systems, and the integration of machine learning-based intrusion detection techniques to safeguard UAV communications and operations. Furthermore, this research highlights the importance of aligning UAV security measures with the EU’s NIS2 Directive, offering recommendations on regulatory frameworks tailored to the Albanian context. The findings emphasize the need for a comprehensive approach to UAV cybersecurity, combining technological innovation with stringent regulatory oversight to ensure safe and secure UAV deployment in Albania's rapidly evolving digital landscape.
Les bois tropicaux, source potentielle d'énergie
Authors: Doat Jacqueline
Published: November 2024

L'énergie est un facteur essentiel au développement de l'humanité et la consommation mondiale d'énergie croît très rapidement. Mais la récente crise pétrolière a conduit les gouvernements à rechercher de multiples sources d'énergie afin de diversifier leurs approvisionnements énergétiques et de réduire leur dépendance vis-à-vis des produits pétroliers.Après avoir passé en revue les formes traditionnelles d'énergie et les nouvelles sources d'énergie, l'auteur aborde les possibilités de traitement de la biomasse en général, et du bois en particulier, à des fins énergétiques : combustion, carbonisation, gazéification, hydrolyse, fermentation, synthèse chimique, etc. Les forêts tropicales, qui représentent environ la moitié de la surface boisée mondiale, ainsi que les plantations d'espèces tropicales à croissance rapide, constituent une réserve potentielle d'énergie très précieuse.
Réunion au Mexique du Groupe "Protection du Bois" de l’Union internationale des instituts de recherches forestière (I.U.F.R.O.)
Authors: Rédacteur de la revue Bois et Forêts des Tropiques
Published: November 2024

Pas de résumé
Association Technique Internationale des Bois Tropicaux (A.T.I.B.T.). Session d’automne Paris 9-10 novembre 1978
Authors: Rédacteur de la revue Bois et Forêts des Tropiques
Published: November 2024

La Session d'Automne de l'A.T.I.B.T. s'est tenue à Paris, au centre technique du bois, les 9 et 10 novembre 1978, sous la Présidence de M. Pierre Hoornaert, nouveau Président Général.Près de soixante-dix représentants des diverses branches professionnelles qui se retrouvent à l'Association et qui s'intéressent aux bois tropicaux sous tous leurs aspects : producteurs, importateurs, exportateurs, négociants, industriels, ingénieurs et chercheurs de centres techniques et d'organismes de recherches sur les bois appartenant à seize pays sur les vingt-cinq qui sont représentés au sein de l'A.T.I.B.T., ont participé aux différentes séances de travail. On a noté, parmi les observateurs la présence d’une délégation de l'Organisation Africaine du Bois (O.A.B.), organisation internationale qui groupe douze États africains producteurs de bois.Les réunions des Commissions, de la Chambre d'Expertise et de Conciliation ainsi que du Conseil d'Administration se sont tenues dans l'ordre prévu.
Uma abordagem contextualizada da consciência fonológica na educação infantil bilíngue
Authors: Alves Ubiratã Kickhöfel
Published: November 2024

Neste artigo, discutimos a importância da realização de atividades de consciência fonológica referentes a sílabas, aliterações e rimas na Educação Infantil Bilíngue. Iniciamos o artigo abordando a relevância dessas atividades tanto na língua materna quanto na língua adicional. Em um segundo momento, ao integrarmos construtos dos campos da Aquisição de Linguagem (referentes ao componente fonético-fonológico) e da Linguística Aplicada ao Ensino de Línguas Adicionais, discutimos a implementação de tais atividades. Defendemos que as habilidades metafonológicas devem ser integradas aos demais componentes formais a partir de um contexto de língua em uso, como parte de um plano de ensino a serviço de uma temática comunicativa clara. Ao final do artigo, buscamos exemplificar essa integração a partir de sugestões de atividades em português e em inglês. Amparado em bases teóricas formais e aplicadas, o presente artigo visa a contribuir não somente com uma maior integração dos aspectos formais ao ensino comunicativo na Educação Infantil Bilíngue, mas, também, com o estabelecimento de uma base teórica robusta que fundamente a prática docente.
Um intelectual entre o concebido e o vivido ou o pensar periférico de Lefebvre na periferia do capitalismo
Authors: Chagas Hélio Roberto De Francischi
Published: November 2024

O presente artigo, parte de nossa tese de doutorado em andamento, tem como objetivo principal realizar um breve balanço do legado do pensamento de Henri Lefebvre, tencionando seus possíveis impactos dentro das nas Ciências Sociais no Brasil. Tendo em vista o movimento interno de exposição do pensamento do autor, esse artigo pretende articular um duplo movimento em torno da relação estabelecida entre a circulação de sua obra e próprio movimento de produção e recepção das ideias em contextos sociais distintos. Por um lado, ao trabalharmos a produção intelectual do pensador francês e sua recepção dentro do contexto nacional, brasileiro, precisaremos lidar intrinsicamente com seu legado: enquanto acúmulo de um conjunto de experiências estabelecidas em espaços e tempos socialmente determinados. Assim como ao repensá-las pelo interesse de pesquisa, aqui e agora, mais de cinquenta anos depois da escrita de seu livro com maior número de citações no contexto brasileiro, O direto a cidade[1968] também alçamos a memória como elemento central de análise sociológica e produção de sentido.
Apresentação
Authors: Pedron Caio César , Maldonado Luccas Eduardo Castilho
Published: November 2024

O Dossiê Intelectuais e Pensamento Social Brasileiro da Revista Idéias reuniu diferentes perspectivas de tratamento do problema da vida intelectual, tanto na sua dimensão biográfica-contextual, quanto no processo de circulação das ideias. A percepção de elementos literários, poéticos e filosóficos, verdadeiros vestígios de um eu metafórico internalizado no processo de autoria, confere uma tonalidade particular ao dossiê, permitindo releituras enriquecedoras e atribuindo aos diferentes fragmentos textuais um sentido de totalidade único.
Decision-making optimization method for construction site layout planning
Authors: Borges Maria Luiza Abath Escorel , Araújo Gabriel Mendes , Monteiro Ari , Granja Ariovaldo Denis , Picchi Flávio Augusto
Published: November 2024

Construction site layout planning (CSLP) can be conducted as an optimization problem to determine temporary facilities’ optimal layouts, adequate construction space allocations for equipment, and efficient on-site path plans. Although previous studies have reported advanced optimization approaches for site layout generation, such as mathematical models and computational algorithms, CSLP is often overlooked by professionals. Previous experience has been preferred over advanced optimization models by professionals due to the complexity and lack of flexibility in such automated solutions. Thus, this research involves decision-makers in CSLP, assuming that a knowledge-based rules method integrated with an optimization approach ensures more assertive solutions. Systematic Layout Planning (SLP) is a method used to effectively plan facility layouts in the manufacturing industry, applying rules to assess the need for proximity between facilities. Furthermore, Building Information Modeling provides an adequate framework to support the decision-making process. Through Design Science Research, this research aims to propose a method to support decision-making in the planning and logistics of construction sites. This study investigates the utility of an SLP-based genetic algorithm to achieve an optimized layout solution, using input data provided by the construction manager. Proximity relationships are determined according to the intensity of logistical flow between facilities, safety concerns and manager preferences. The artifact was developed with the collaboration of potential users through their continuous assessment of the method. The results show the effectiveness of the artifact by reporting the solution with the maximum decrease in weighted distances between the facilities.
Pelatihan Pembuatan Teh Celup Serai Pandan Kaya Manfaat Pada Masyarakat Kelurahan Telaga Biru
Authors: Maghfirah Rahmayani , Anggreni Nova , Sulistyorini Sri , Wahyuningsih Iis , Mahdi Nur
Published: November 2024

Indonesia memiliki kekayaan tumbuhan yang merupakan suplay bahan baku untuk obat tradisional. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pengetahuan mendalam tentang manfaat serai pandan untuk kesehatan tubuh, meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan peserta dalam memanfaatkan tanaman herbal serai pandan di sekitar mereka dan mendorong peserta pelatihan untuk menciptakan beragam produk herbal dengan menggunakan serai pandan. Pelatihan dilakukan di kelurahan Telaga Biru Kota Banjarmasin dengan total peserta 31 orang. Tanaman serai dan pandan sering dijumpai dan mudah didapatkan di masyarakat Banjarmasin. Pembuatan teh celup serai pandan menjadi salah satu produk inovatif yang dapat dikembangkan untuk meningkatkan nilai tambah dari serai pandan di Masyarakat Banjarmasin. Hasil tes pretest dan postest menunjukkan bahwa ada peningkatan pengetahuan wawasan pada saat sebelum pelatihan dan setelah pelatihan yaitu dari 49,03% menjadi 82,90% di kota Banjarmasin. Kesimpulan ini menunjukkan adanya peningkatan pengetahuan dari materi pelatihan yang disampaikan dan dapat dipahami dengan baik oleh Masyarakat.Kata Kunci: Pelatihan, Teh celup, Herbal, Sereh, PandanIndonesia has a wealth of plants which supply raw materials for traditional medicine. This community empowerment program (prodamat) aims to provide in-depth knowledge about the benefits of pandan lemongrass for body health, increase participants' knowledge and skills in utilizing pandan lemongrass herbal plants around them and encourage training participants to create various herbal products using pandan lemongrass. The training was carried out in the Telaga Biru sub-district, Banjarmasin City with a total of 31 participants. Lemongrass and pandan plants are often found and easy to obtain in the people of Banjarmasin. Making pandan lemongrass tea bags is one of the innovative products that can be developed to increase the added value of pandan lemongrass in the Banjarmasin community. The results of the pretest and posttest showed that there was an increase in insight knowledge before the training and after the training, namely from 49.03% to 82.90% in the city of Banjarmasin. This conclusion shows that there is an increase in knowledge from the training material delivered and can be well understood by the community.
Biomechanical Insights in Swimming: Techniques for Performance Enhancement and Injury Risk Reduction
Authors: Khatkar Swati , Singh Kiran
Published: November 2024

This paper examines the critical intersection of biomechanics and hydrodynamics in swimming, focusing on how biomechanical analysis enhances performance and minimizes injury risks. It traces the historical evolution of swimming techniques from utilitarian practices to scientifically informed methods, emphasizing recent technological advancements such as 3D motion capture and computational fluid dynamics. The analysis of stroke-specific biomechanics across various swimming styles—freestyle, breaststroke, backstroke, and butterfly—reveals the unique biomechanical considerations essential for optimizing efficiency. Additionally, the prevalence of shoulder injuries among swimmers is addressed, highlighting the importance of injury prevention strategies, including the correction of stroke flaws and the enhancement of shoulder stability through targeted rehabilitation exercises. The integration of real-time feedback and video analysis during training is proposed as a vital tool for improving technique and safeguarding swimmer health. Ultimately, this review underscores the essential role of biomechanics in enhancing athletic performance and ensuring the long-term wellbeing of swimmers across all levels of competition.
Ion Exchange for Groundwater Treatment: A Concise Review
Authors: Amer Al Amri Lakhayar , Sivamani Selvaraju
Published: November 2024

Ion exchange technology has emerged as a pivotal method for groundwater treatment, effectively addressing a wide range of contaminants including heavy metals, nitrates, and hardness-causing ions. This paper reviews the current state of ion exchange innovations and discusses their implications for effective groundwater management. Recent advancements in this field have introduced novel resin materials and integrated techniques that enhance the efficiency and sustainability of ion exchange processes. Innovations such as functionalized resins, biopolymer-based materials, and nanocomposites have improved selectivity and capacity for specific contaminants. Additionally, hybrid systems that combine ion exchange with other treatment technologies, as well as smart monitoring and regeneration methods, have optimized operational performance. The incorporation of sustainability initiatives, including resource recovery and low-energy processes, further highlights the potential of ion exchange technology in promoting a circular economy.
Effort-Reward Imbalance and Passion Exploitation: A Narrative Review and a New Perspective
Authors: Kokubun Keisuke
Published: November 2024

This paper provides a narrative review of previous research on effort-reward imbalance (ERI) and passion exploitation, and provides a perspective for future research. Previous research has shown that ERI can cause work stress, negative economic behavior such as job turnover, and illnesses such as metabolic syndrome. Previous research also claims that loyal and generous people, as well as young people and women, are more likely to be targets of passion exploitation. However, there are unresolved issues in previous research, such as (i) the mechanism by which effort-reward imbalance leads to stress and illness, (ii) there is a lack of research on what types of jobs are more likely to experience imbalance, and (iii) there is a lack of research on what level of imbalance is acceptable, and therefore further research is required. To this end, this study recommends ad-dressing these challenges through the integration of ERI and passion exploitation theory.
DNAJB1-PKAc Kinase Is Expressed in Young Patients with Pediatric Liver Cancers and Enhances Carcinogenic PathwaysDNAJB1-PKAc Kinase Is Expressed in Young Patients with Pediatric Liver Cancers and Enhances Carcinogenic Pathways
Authors: Fleifil Yasmeen , Gulati Ruhi , Jennings Katherine , Miethke Alexander , Bondoc Alexander , Tiao Gregory , Geller James , Karns Rebekah , Timchenko Lubov , Timchenko Nikolai
Published: November 2024

Background and Aims: Hepatoblastoma (HBL) and Fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma (FLC) are the most common liver malignancies in children and young adults. FLC oncogenesis is associated with generation of the fusion kinase, DNAJB1-PKAc (J-PKAc). The J-PKAc has been found in 90% of FLC patients’ tumors, but not in other liver cancers. Since previous studies of J-PKAc were performed with adolescent patients, we asked if young children may ex-press the J-PKAc, and if there are consequences of such expression. Methods: Bio Bank of the pediatric HBL/HCN-NOS specimens were examined by QRT-PCR, Western Blot, RNA-Seq and by Immunostaining with fusion-specific antibodies. Results: J-PKAc is expressed in 70% of HBL/HCN-NOS patients. RNA-Seq analysis revealed that HBL tumors that do not have cells expressing J-PKAc show elevated expression of the Membrane Attack Complex (MAC), which eliminates cells expressing J-PKAc. The fusion-positive HBL/HCN-NOS samples have several signaling pathways that are different from fusion-negative HBLs. Upregulated pathways included genes involved in G1 to S transition and in liver cancer. Downregulated pathways included over 60 tumor suppressors, the CYP family, and the SLC family. The repression of these genes involves J-PKAc-beta-catenin-TCF4 mediated elevation of the HDAC1-Sp5 pathway. The identified upregulated and downregulated pathways are direct targets of the fusion kinase. The J-PKAc kinase is also detected in livers of 1 years old children with biliary atresia (BA). Conclusions: J-PKAc is expressed in both HBL tumor and BA liver samples, contributing to the development of HBL, and creating a transcriptome profiling consistent with potential development of liver cancer in young patients.
Engineered Porosity ZnO Sensor Enriched with Oxygen Vacancies Enabled Extraordinary Sub-ppm Sensing of Hydrogen Sulfide and Nitrogen Dioxide Air Pollution Gases at Low Temperature in Air
Authors: Ciftyurek Engin , Li Zheshen , Schierbaum Klaus
Published: November 2024

We report the results of a zinc oxide (ZnO) low-power micro sensor for sub-ppm detection of NO2 and H2S in air at 200°C. NO2 emission is predominantly produced by combustion processes of fossil fuels while coal-fired power plants are the main emitter of H2S. Fossil fuels (oil, natural gas, and coal) combined contained 74% of USA energy production in 2023. It is foreseeable that the energy industry will utilize fossil-based fuels more in the ensuing decades despite the severe climate crises. Precise NO2 and H2S sensors will contribute to reduce the detrimental effect of the hazardous emission gases in addition to the optimization of the combustion processes for higher output. Fossil fuel industry and the Solid-oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) are exceptional examples of energy conversion-production technologies that will profit from advances in H2S and NO2 sensors.
Porosity and surface activity of metal oxide semiconductors (MOS) based sensors are both vital for sensing at low temperatures. Oxygen vacancies (V_O^(••)) act as surface active sites for target gases, while porosity enables target gases to come in contact with a larger MOS area for sensing. We were able to create an open porosity network throughout the ZnO microstructure and simultaneously achieve an abundance of oxygen vacancies by using a heat treatment procedure. Surface chemistry and oxygen vacancy content in ZnO were examined using XPS and AES. SEM was used to understand the morphology of the unique characteristics of distinctive grain growth during heat treatment. Electrical resistivity measurements were completed. Valance band was examined by UPS.
Engineered Porosity approach allowed the entire ZnO act as an open surface together with creation of abundant oxygen vacancies (V_O^(••)). NO2 detection is challenging since both oxygen (O2) and NO2 are oxidizing gases and they coexist in combustion environments. Engineered porosity ZnO micro sensor detected sub-ppm NO2 under O2 interference affect mimicking realistic sensor operation conditions. Engineered Porosity ZnO performed better than previous literature findings for H2S and NO2 detection. The exceptionally high in sensor response attributed to the high number of oxygen vacancies (V_O^(••)) and porosity extending through the thickness of the ZnO with high degree of tortuosity. These features enhance gas adsorption and diffusion via porosity leading to high sensor response.
An invisible force—Research on the relationship between new quality productivity and economic growth in China
Authors: Weijia Wang
Published: November 2024

This paper investigates the connotation of new quality productivity, integrating existing research findings to construct a measurement index system tailored for our country, and conducts an in-depth analysis of its impact on economic growth. The study utilizes provincial panel data from Chinese provinces spanning 2012 to 2022. The results indicate that, in contrast to prior studies, new quality productivity influences economic growth not only through supply-side mechanisms but also plays a pivotal role in demand-side transmission; notably, the upgrading of consumption structures and the expansion of investment domains exert both direct and indirect effects. Accordingly, this paper proposes relevant policy recommendations. The innovative aspects of this study are as follows: 1. Measuring new quality productivity across multiple dimensions by incorporating environmental and ecological factors while exploring its transmission mechanism from the demand side; 2. Introducing dynamic quantitative analysis to simulate the operational mechanisms of new quality productivity on consumption and investment; 3. Empirical tests demonstrate that after addressing issues related to heterogeneity, endogeneity, and robustness, the transmission mechanism of new quality productivity remains significant and robust.
AI Chatbots in Education: Challenges and Opportunities
Authors: Davar Narius Farhad , Dewan M. Ali Akber , Zhang Xiaokun
Published: November 2024

With the emergence of Artificial Intelligence (AI) chatbot technologies such as ChatGPT, which utilize AI and Machine Learning (ML) techniques to generate advanced responses to users, the field of education has been transformed drastically. The latest online learning models empowered by AI have proven to have several benefits for students, but these benefits also come with some inherent challenges, which impede students’ learning process and create hurdles for educators. The study aims to identify and analyze the benefits and drawbacks of AI chatbots in educational settings to help overcome existing educational barriers. The paper begins by highlighting the historical evolution of chatbots along with key elements that encompass the architecture of an AI chatbot. The paper also delves into the challenges and limitations associated with the integration of AI chatbots into learning platforms. A systematic literature review methodology has been adopted by dividing the research into several phases, using techniques of inclusion and exclusion criteria to identify appropriate scholarly articles for review. The research findings from this review reveal several benefits of leveraging AI chatbots in learning platforms. AI chatbots like ChatGPT can serve as a virtual tutoring assistant to foster an adaptive learning environment by aiding students with various learning activities, such as learning programming languages, foreign languages, understanding complex concepts, assisting with research activities and providing real-time feedback. Educators can leverage such chatbots to create course content, generate assessments, evaluate students’ performance and use it for data analysis and research. However, this technology possesses significant challenges concerning data security and privacy. In addition, ethical concerns impacting academic integrity and reliance on technology are some of the key concerns. Ultimately, AI chatbots can provide endless opportunities by creating a dynamic interactive learning environment, however, to allow students and teachers to maximize the potential of such a robust technology, it is imperative to first analyze and address the potential risks that AI chatbots pose.
Hyperphosphorylated Tau and Cognition in Epilepsy
Authors: Witt Juri-Alexander , Andernach Johanna , Becker Albert , Helmstaedter Christoph
Published: November 2024

In light of the current interest in the bidirectional relationship between epilepsy and dementia, primary attention is currently focused on the role of hyperphosphorylated tau (pTau) in cognition in epilepsy. Synthesizing available data from studies investigating pTau burden in surgical biopsy specimens from patients with temporal lobe epilepsy, the prevalence of pTau across five studies with a total number of 142 patients ranges from 3.5% to 95%. Findings also varied with regard to the location of pTau in the hippocampus and/or temporal cortex. Two of five studies (40%) demonstrated an inverse relationship between pTau burden and cognitive performance, one study with regard to executive functions and the other with regard to naming and verbal short-term memory. This is partly unexpected since executive functions and verbal short-term memory depend less on temporal than extratemporal fronto-parietal networks. The only longitudinal study found a significant link between pTau and cognitive decline in verbal learning and memory and in part also in naming from pre- to postoperative and from three to 12 months postoperative. Given the heterogeneity of the study cohorts, the neuropsychological and neuropathological methods and findings, no clear picture emerges regarding the association between pTau and cognition in temporal lobe epilepsy. This could in part be expected due to the multifactorial etiology of cognitive impairment in epilepsy, including the active epilepsy, the underlying and sometimes dynamic pathology, and anti-seizure medication. Some of these factors may affect pTau expression. Further research should investigate pTau longitudinally and noninvasively on a whole-brain level, using standardized, targeted neuropsychological outcome measures, while controlling for age and other factors that may influence cognitive trajectories in epilepsy.
Pvdf-Based Polymer Composites Filled with Ti3C2Tx MXene / Magnetic Nanoparticle Heterostructures for Aquatic Dye Removal
Authors: Shilov Nikolay R. , Aga-Tagieva Sayara E. , Rybalchenko Viktor M. , Omelyanchik Alexander , Sobolev Kirill V. , Aysin Rinat R. , Rodionova Valeria V. , Magomedov Kurban E.
Published: November 2024

This study presents the development and characterization of novel polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)-based polymer composites for environmental remediation applications. We synthesized composites incorporating three types of fillers: Ti3C2Tx MXenes, magnetic nanoparticles (CoFe2O4 and γ-Fe2O3/Fe3O4), and their heterostructured combinations. To enhance the homogeneity of the composites, the filler particles were additionally coated with polyethylene glycol (PEG). Photocatalytic and sonocatalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB) dye was evaluated under light and ultrasonic irradiation, respectively. Experimental results demonstrated that PVDF-based nanocomposite with MXene/γ-Fe2O3/Fe3O4 heterostructures as the filler achieves a significant MB photocatalytic degradation rate of 40.3% within 60 minutes. Simultaneously, MXene/CoFe2O4-containing nanocomposite exhibits outstanding performance in sonocatalysis, achieving a reduction in MB concentration exceeding 45% over a similar treatment duration. These findings highlight the potential of PVDF-MXene-MNPs composite materials in environmental remediation technologies, emphasizing the critical role of PVDF as a primary component and a suitable host matrix in catalytic processes.
Structural Characterization and Magnetic Properties of Cd1-xMnxTe
Authors: Rogalska Iwona , Pasternak Marta , Cieniek Bogumił , Juś Anna , Grendysa Jakub , Stefaniuk Ireneusz
Published: November 2024

In the present work, the growth specificity of Cd1−xMnxTe layers by the molecular beam epitaxy and results of experimental studies of several Cd1−xMnxTe layers grown on GaAs(100) hybrid substrates with CdTe buffers are presented. Our efforts were concentrated on creating structures with high crystallographic quality, specifically aiming to reduce the number of defects. Experimental results for the selected structures demonstrated that the Cd1−xMnxTe layers, with varying x, exhibit high crystallographic and surface morphology quality. Specifically, high-resolution X-ray diffraction measurements and their analysis revealed that the intensity distribution does not reflect the effects of mosaicity or dislocation density. The aim of the work was to characterize the Mn dopant depending on the x-value. The magnetic properties were studied as a function of manganese concentration by using electron paramagnetic resonance. By applying continuous wave electron paramagnetic resonance in the wide temperature range, we observed two groups of lines: from manganese and from so-called low field magnetic absorption.
A New Theory on the Cause of Gravity and its Effects
Authors: Mansbridge Paul
Published: November 2024

The exact nature of gravity remains unknown and widely debated despite the established theory of gravity (ETG) being more than a hundred years old. This paper presents a new theory on the cause of gravity and its effects. It demonstrates the shortcomings in the existing theory, including the lack of a full explanation of how matter warps space-time, the medium that fills empty space throughout the universe, as well as some inconsistency regarding the mechanism that causes one object to move towards another one. The new theory is then presented in two parts, starting with a description of the conditions necessary for one object to attract another one, followed by full details of the movement mechanism that is triggered when these conditions exist. The theory provides a complete explanation of gravity and its effect on matter.
Methodology for the Analysis of Microplastics in Fine Fraction of Urban Solid Waste
Authors: Avila-Escobedo Katia Paola , Moctezuma-Parra Karen Yazmín , Alvarez-Zeferino Juan Carlos , Espinosa-Valdemar Rosa María , Sotelo-Navarro Perla Xochitl , Vázquez-Morillas Alethia , Cruz-Salas Arely Areanely
Published: November 2024

This study addresses the pressing need for standardized methodologies to quantify microplastics within the fine fraction of municipal solid waste (MSW), often overlooked despite its potential en-vironmental impact. Five extraction protocols were evaluated to identify the most effective method for isolating microplastics in fine waste. These were specifically applied to samples from the Uni-versidad Autónoma Metropolitana and one transfer station in Mexico City. A potassium hydroxide digestion protocol with subsequent flotation and centrifugation steps achieved optimal results, ensuring complete organic matter degradation and high microplastic recovery. Subsequent analyses revealed notable concentrations of microplastics, primarily fragments and fibers, with higher abundance at the university site. Statistical tests confirmed significant differences between sample sites. These findings highlight the vulnerability of MSW fine fractions to microplastic contamination and underline the importance of targeted waste management strategies. This research contributes to understanding microplastic behavior in waste management systems and emphasizes the need for mitigation efforts to prevent environmental contamination.
Pulsar Kick: Status and Perspective
Authors: Lambiase Gaetano , Poddar Tanmay Kumar
Published: November 2024

The high speeds seen in rapidly rotating pulsars after supernova explosions present a longstanding puzzle in astrophysics. Numerous theories have been suggested over the years to explain this sudden "kick" imparted to the neutron star, yet each comes with its own set of challenges and limitations. Key explanations for pulsar kicks include hydrodynamic instabilities in supernovae, anisotropic neutrino emission, asymmetries in the magnetic field, binary system disruption, and physics beyond the Standard Model. Unraveling the origins of pulsar kicks not only enhances our understanding of supernova mechanisms but also opens up possibilities for exploring new physics. In this brief review, we will introduce pulsar kicks, examine the leading hypotheses, and explore future directions for this intriguing phenomenon.
Effect of Excipients on the Efficiency of Cerium Dioxide Nanoparticles Application in Biomedicine
Authors: Titova Svetlana A. , Kruglova Maria P. , Stupin Victor A. , Manturova Natalia E. , Achar Raghu Ram , Deshpande Gouri , Parfenov Vladimir A. , Silina Ekaterina V.
Published: November 2024

Due to the ever-increasing interest in the use of rare earth metals in medicine, in this review we considered the interaction of cerium dioxide nanoparticles with the main excipients used in the development of cerium-containing pharmaceutical compositions for biomedical applications. The review was conducted on the international databases PubMed and ScienceDirect, and included original research and literature reviews. Publications devoted to the use of cerium dioxide in disease diagnosis, analysis of other substances, and branches of scientific knowledge other than medicine were excluded. Following the selection process, 171 publications were analyzed. Based on the experimental results and the possibility to extrapolate them to humans, we compared polyacrylate, polyvinylpyrrolidone, dextran, hyaluronic acid, chitosan, polycarboxylic acids, in particular citric acid and its salts, lecithin and phosphatidylcholine in the context of conservation of biological effects of cerium dioxide and its physicochemical properties, as well as the degree of study of these combinations.
Balancing Interests of Various Community Groups in the Local Governments’ Policy on Energy Performance of Buildings
Authors: Pukis Maris , Karnitis Edvins , Bičevskis Jānis , Gendelis Staņislavs , Diebalis Edgars , Karnītis Girts , Sarma Ugis
Published: November 2024

EU legislation provides for extensive involvement of local governments (LGs) in the implementation of the "energy first" principle concerning buildings’ stock. LGs have a dual role. In the role of national government agents LGs co-financing is necessary for implementation of global goals. In the role of autonomous decision makers LGs are balancing various interests on behalf of local community. The aim of the research is to assess the characteristics of those interest groups that are short- and medium-term beneficiaries or losers from the EU recommendations and the risks arising from the choice of alternatives. Interests of groups are evaluated by the approximation of the Rational Choice Theory, considering diversity of competences division among national and subnational authorities. Evaluated alternatives: 1) security in the event of war versus voluntary initiatives for energy efficiency; 2) prolonging regeneration of woods’ biomass versus electrification of heating; 3) supporting entrepreneurship versus reduction of energy poverty; 4) individual or energy community solutions versus uniform treatment of all DHSs customers; 5) postponing versus acceleration of the electrification of transport; 6) re-municipalisation versus outsourcing buildings stock and its infrastructure renovation. Losers of energy performance policy should be compensated in the short and middle term, because possible future gains may be insufficient to maintain stability.