bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Outbreak of Mortality Associated with Acipenser Iridovirus European (AcIV-E) Detection in Siberian Sturgeon (Acipenser Baerii) Farmed in Sweden
Authors: Axén Charlotte , Vendramin Niccolò , Toffan Anna
Published: September 2018

Background: Infectious disease is a major challenge in aquaculture and poses a constraint for development of farming of new species. In 2017, Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) juveniles were imported from Italy to a Swedish farm. Due to stressful conditions, 30% died during transport and in the first days after arrival. Ten days after arrival, mortalities started to occur again. Within two months, only 5% of the juveniles were still alive. Methods: Diseased fish were transported live to the National Veterinary Institute (SVA) for necropsy and further analysis. Pathological and histopathological investigation was conducted. Virology was performed on gills and internal organs by cell culture isolation and specific PCR protocols. Results: The juveniles displayed neurological signs such as lethargy, inability to maintain upright position and erratic swimming. Body condition was low. Gills were pale. One fish had petechial hemorrhage on the abdomen and the snout. The ventricles were air-filled with, but swim bladders were deflated. One specimen had intestinal hemorrhage. Viral cell cultures were negative, but PCR of gills and internal organs detected the presence of Acipenser Iridovirus European (AcIV-E). Conclusions: AcIV-E was associated with disease and high mortality in the sturgeon juveniles. Stress probably aggravated the course of the infection.
Identification and Characterization of microRNAs during Retinoic Acid-Induced Regeneration of a Molluscan Central Nervous System
Authors: Walker Sarah E. , Spencer Gaynor E. , Necakov Aleksandar , Carlone Robert L.
Published: September 2018

Retinoic acid (RA) is the biologically active metabolite of vitamin A and has become a well-established factor that induces neurite outgrowth and regeneration in both vertebrates and invertebrates. However, the underlying regulatory mechanisms that may mediate RA-induced neurite sprouting remain unclear. In the past decade, microRNAs have emerged as important regulators of nervous system development and regeneration, and have been shown to contribute to processes such as neurite sprouting. However, few studies have demonstrated the role of miRNAs in RA-induced neurite sprouting. By miRNA-Sequencing analysis, we identify 482 miRNAs in the regenerating CNS of the mollusc Lymnaea stagnalis, 219 of which represent potentially novel miRNAs. Of the remaining conserved miRNAs, 38 show a statistically significant up or downregulation in regenerating CNS as a result of RA treatment. We further characterized the expression of one neuronally-enriched miRNA upregulated by RA, miR-124. We demonstrate for the first time that miR-124 is expressed within the cell bodies and neurites of regenerating motorneurons. Moreover, we identify miR-124 expression within the growth cones of cultured ciliary motorneurons (Pedal A), whereas expression in the growth cones of another class of respiratory motorneurons (RPA) was absent in vitro. These findings support our hypothesis that miRNAs are important regulators of retinoic acid-induced neuronal outgrowth and regeneration in regeneration-competent species.
Oxidation and Polymerization of Biodiesel from Vegetables Oils under Accelerated Oxidation
Authors: Kim Jaekon , Cheon Cheol-hwan , Kim Shin , Hwang In-ha , Park Young-Kwon
Published: September 2018

When used as a fuel, the oxidized products of biodiesel (BD) from the degradation of organic matter may cause some problems in the engine and injection parts. The heating of vegetable oils can cause complementary decomposition reactions, which can lead to the formation of polymeric compounds. The oxidation stability of biodiesel also depends on the fatty acid composition. In this study, biodiesels were examined to determine the oxidation characteristics rapidly at 95 ℃ under accelerated oxidation conditions using the ASTM method D 2274 as a demonstration of long-term storage for 16 weeks. An analysis of biodiesel and after accelerated oxidation revealed an increase in the density, kinematic viscosity, and total acid number (TAN) with increasing oxidation time. The reduction changes in the unsaturated fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) content in biodiesel showed a similar trend for C18:2 ME and C18:3 ME. Higher molecular polymer materials produced after accelerated oxidation can affect the vehicle. To identify these polymers materials, the reaction was carried out at 180 °C with accelerated oxidized biodiesel. A model reaction was performed with a C18:2 ME, which can be polymerized at high temperatures. The biodiesels were polymerized after accelerated oxidation at 180 °C for 72 hr. followed by purified flash chromatography to give the FAME polymer product. The product was identified by 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, normal phase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) mass spectrometry (MS) for structural analysis. At 180 ℃, thermal dimerization of the FAME occurred due to the Diels-Alder reaction. The dimer and epoxy-dimer of C18:2 ME via the Diels-Alder reaction were identified by HPLC-APCI MS.
An Efficient Producing-Bioemulsifier by Bacillus Subtilis UCP 0146 Isolated from Mangrove Sediments
Authors: Maia Patrícia. C.V.S. , Santos Vanessa P. , Ferreira Adriana S , Luna Marcos A.C. , Silva Thayse A. L. , Andrade Rosileide F. S. , Campos-Takaki Galba M.
Published: September 2018

In this work was investigated the potential of Bacillus subtilis UCP 0146 in the bioconversion of the medium containing 100% of cassava flour wastewater to obtain bioemulsifier. The evaluation of the production was carried out by the emulsification index (IE24) and surface tension (TS). The ionic charge, stability (temperature, salinity and pH measured by IE24 and viscosity), ability to remove and disperse oil and textile dye were investigated. B.subtilis produced an anionic bioemulsifier in the medium containing 100% of cassava wastewater in condition 4 of the factorial design (9% of the inoculum, at 35 °C and agitation of 100 rpm) with surface tension of 39mN/m, IE24 of 95.2 % and yield 2.69 g.L-1. Stability at different pH (2-8), temperatures (0-120ºC) and NaCl, dispersed (55.83 cm2-ODA) and reduced the viscosity of the burned engine oil (90.5 cP) , removed 94.4% petroleum and demonstrated efficiency in methylene blue removal (62.2%). The bioemulsifier and its synthesis from bacteria and also emphases on the role of surfactants in oil remediation.
Metric Learning Tutorial
Authors: Jain Parag
Published: September 2018

Most popular machine learning algorithms like k-nearest neighbour, k-means, SVM uses a metric to identify the distance(or similarity) between data instances. It is clear that performances of these algorithm heavily depends on the metric being used. In absence of prior knowledge about data we can only use general purpose metrics like Euclidean distance, Cosine similarity or Manhattan distance etc, but these metric often fail to capture the correct behaviour of data which directly affects the performance of the learning algorithm. Solution to this problem is to tune the metric according to the data and the problem, manually deriving the metric for high dimensional data which is often difficult to even visualize is not only tedious but is extremely difficult. Which leads to put effort on \textit{metric learning} which satisfies the data geometry.Goal of metric learning algorithm is to learn a metric which assigns small distance to similar points and relatively large distance to dissimilar points.
Sugar Palm Nanofibrillated Cellulose Fibre Reinforced Sugar Palm Starch Nanocomposite. Part 1: Morphological, Mechanical and Physical Properties
Authors: Ilyas R.A. , Sapuan S.M. , Ishak M.R. , Zainudin E.S.
Published: September 2018

Environmentally friendly starch bionanocomposites were successfully casted using a colloidal suspension of sugar palm nanofibrillated cellulose (SPNFCs) as a nanofiller to reinforce sugar palm starch (SPS). The SPNFCs, having diameters of 5.5±0.99 nm and length of several micrometer, were prepared from sugar palm fibres via high pressurized homogenization process. The dependence of morphology and properties of the SPS-based bionanocomposites on SPNFCs content ranging from 0 to 1.0 wt. % was investigated by FESEM, as well as measurements of physical, mechanical and water barrier properties. FESEM investigation displayed good miscibility between SPS and SPNFCs. FT-IR analysis confirmed that SPS and SPNFCs were compatible and inter-molecular hydrogen bonds existed between them. The SPS/SPNFCs-1.0, has undergone increment in both tensile strength and Young’s modulus for SPS film from 4.80 MPa to 10.68 MPa and from 53.97 MPa to 121.26 MPa, respectively. Reinforcing SPNFCs into SPS matrix led to an improvement in water barrier resistance for the resulting bionanocomposites. Overall, the incorporation of SPNFCs with SPS composites enhances the properties of the bionanocomposites for short-life application; that is, disposable container, plastic packaging, etc.
Propostas Sustentáveis para a Atividade Turística no Litoral do Iguape-CE
Authors: Carneiro Tatiane Rodrigues , Gonçalves Tiago Estevam , Gonçalves Djane De Souza Lima
Published: September 2018

O distrito de Iguape possui a denominação oficial de Jacaúna, porém é mais conhecido popularmente como Iguape. Este distrito localiza-se na zona litorânea do estado do Ceará, no município de Aquiraz, e é formado pelas praias do Presídio, Iguape, Barro Preto e Batoque. O presente estudo busca apresentar propostas socioambientais sustentáveis para as praias do Presídio, Iguape e Barro Preto, devido sua importância para o turismo na região. No que tange aos procedimentos metodológicos, primeiramente fez-se um levantamento bibliográfico, bem como análise documental, posteriormente realizou-se o reconhecimento da área de estudo in locus, na terceira etapa foi realizada aplicação de entrevistas junto aos moradores, turistas e empreendedores do litoral do Iguape, com isso foi possível conhecer suas principais reclamações e anseios, e assim propor algumas medidas para que ali seja realizado o turismo sustentável. Evidenciou-se que para a realização de um turismo sustentável no litoral do Iguape são necessárias campanhas de educação ambiental e conscientização da população, dos turistas, frequentadores e empreendedores locais acerca da importância do meio ambiente e a continuidade do turismo naquela região.
Aproximações entre as Metodologias Ativas de Ensino e as Tecnologias Digitais de Informação e Comunicação: Uma Abordagem Teórica
Authors: Diesel Aline , Neumann Martins Silvana , Hepp Rehfeldt Márcia Jussara
Published: September 2018

Este trabalho tem a finalidade de provocar reflexões acerca da afinidade existente entre as metodologias ativas de ensino e as Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação, destacando aspectos que têm implicações mais claras para o contexto escolar. Trata-se de um estudo com matriz metodológica na pesquisa bibliográfica. O referencial teórico que fundamenta este artigo está ancorado no interacionismo, que se reporta à importância da interação social no desenvolvimento do sujeito, defendida por Lev Vygotsky, na concepção de aprendizagem significativa de David Ausubel, e nos fundamentos de Paulo Freire acerca da autonomia do aluno nos processos de ensino e de aprendizagem. A partir do estudo, evidenciou-se que o método ativo e as TDICs têm elementos em comum, como promover a aprendizagem significativa por meio da interação entre sujeitos, que pode se dar entre aluno-aluno ou professor-aluno, estimulando o senso crítico e a autonomia do estudante. Assim, pressupõe-se que as metodologias ativas de ensino possuem um caráter mais abrangente em relação às TDICs e, em razão disso, as TDICs podem ser consideradas metodologias ativas de ensino.
Diagnóstico das Outorgas Vigentes de Uso de Água nas Bacias Metropolitanas do Estado do Ceará
Authors: Costa Filho Francisco Orlando Holanda , Lima Thales Bruno Rodrigues , Pinheiro Maria Inês Teixeira
Published: September 2018

Este artigo buscou analisar as outorgas de uso concedidas nas Bacias Metropolitanas do Estado do Ceará com o objetivo de criar um diagnóstico das outorgas vigentes em termos de principais tipos de uso, setores requerentes e volume outorgado, assim, tornando possível determinar os principais setores que seriam afetados em caso de necessidade de suspensão temporária, readequação ou extinção de outorgas devido à falta de oferta hídrica. Este artigo pode ser classificado como um estudo de caso, pois entre as bacias hidrográficas do Estado do Ceará, delimitou-se o campo de estudo às Bacias Metropolitanas para permitir uma melhor elaboração da caracterização do diagnóstico das outorgas vigentes na região específica.Os dados referentes às outorgas foram obtidos por meio do site eletrônico da Companhia de Gestão dos Recursos Hídricos (COGERH), o qual permitiu gerar uma planilha com todas as outorgas vigentes em janeiro de 2017 nas Bacias Metropolitanas.Com base nos dados obtidos, a indústria, o abastecimento humano, a construção e o comércio estão entre os principais setores requerentes de outorga, sendo o abastecimento humano o maior volume outorgado.
Levantamento e Análise do Etnoconhecimento de Fitoterápicos e Zooterápicos Utilizados em Animais de Produção no Município do Crato-CE
Authors: Pereira Francinilda De Araujo , Luna Fabrina De Souza , Gomes Maria Letícia Rodrigues
Published: September 2018

A presente pesquisa tem por objetivo estimar os principais fitoterápicos e zooterápicos utilizados pelos produtores rurais do município do Crato – CE, assim como a função e a importância desses recursos naturais, com base no estudo da etnobotânica As atividades foram realizadas no período de outubro de 2014 a novembro de 2015. Utilizou-se de entrevistas (estruturada e semiestruturada), com 20 produtores rurais. Realizaram-se visitas a instituições agropecuárias com intuito de se obter um levantamento das comunidades rurais que desenvolvem atividades pecuárias no município. Considerando os dados obtidos através das entrevistas, foi feita uma análise qualitativa e quantitativa destes. Quanto ao conhecimento sobre a existência de terapêuticos naturais, todos os entrevistados afirmaram conhecer fitoterápicos (100%); porém nunca ouviram falar sobre zooterápicos. Dentre as espécies vegetais exploradas para serem utilizadas, o limão (Citrus limoniumsp.) e o alho (Allium sativum L.) se destacaram como sendo os mais utilizados pelos produtores do município de Crato – CE. Esses terapêuticos são destinados ao tratamento e prevenção de doenças e/ou sintomas (principalmente para o gôgo (corisa infecciosa), febre e tosse). Mesmo com os avanços tecnológicos na produção e eficiência de fármacos, os produtores das comunidades rurais ainda preferem utilizar-se dos próprios conhecimentos adquiridos ao longo de gerações, e estabelecem o emprego de fitoterápicos no manejo preventivo e curativo de doenças de produção, conservando assim, traços da medicina popular.
Análise da Percepção de Moradores sobre a Separação e Reciclagem de Resíduos Sólidos e do Empreendimento “Renascer da Cidadania”, Lages, SC
Authors: Dela Rocca Graciela Alessandra , Frizzo Stefenon Stéfano , Locks Geraldo Augusto , Zampieri Salmoria Edson , Martins Machado Pessoa Nicole , Silva Ferreira Fernanda Cristina
Published: September 2018

Este estudo analisa as percepções de moradores da cidade de Lages, SC, acerca da separação domiciliar dos resíduos sólidos e do empreendimento econômico solidário (EES) “Renascer da Cidadania” de catadores e recicladores de resíduos sólidos. A metodologia de investigação foi a pesquisa de campo realizada por meio de visitas domiciliares onde se realizou entrevistas semiestruturadas para a coleta de dados em sessenta e seis domicílios. Trata-se de um estudo de caráter qualitativo e quantitativo. Para análise dos dados contemplasse os referenciais teóricos de autores que refletem sobre a percepção humana, tendo ainda por base Lei 12.305/2010 que instituiu a Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos. Para os moradores entrevistados, não existe uma separação domiciliar regular dos resíduos sólidos; as duas modalidades de coleta dos resíduos não satisfaz os moradores. O “Renascer da Cidadania” é valorizado pelos moradores.
Embalagens Vazias de Agrotóxicos no Ceará: Um Estudo Preliminar sobre a Problemática Social, Ambiental e da Saúde do Trabalhador
Authors: Paiva Brena Karoline Valentim , Santos Gemmelle Oliveira
Published: September 2018

O objetivo dessa pesquisa foi discutir a dimensão social, ambiental e da saúde do trabalhador inerente à problemática das embalagens vazias de agrotóxicos no estado do Ceará. Essa pesquisa classificou-se como aplicada, exploratória, documental, de campo, com aspectos quali-quantitativos. A primeira etapa da pesquisa envolveu a revisão de literatura; a segunda envolveu visitas e entrevistas com técnicos da Agência de Defesa Agropecuária do Estado do Ceará (ADAGRI), Secretaria de Meio Ambiente do Estado (SEMA), Superintendência Estadual do Meio Ambiente (SEMACE), Empresa de Assistência Técnica e Extensão Rural do Ceará (EMATERCE) e Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (EMBRAPA). A terceira etapa envolveu o acompanhamento ao recebimento itinerante organizado pelo inpEV em Baturité e entrevistas com alguns agricultores. A quarta etapa envolveu a visita ao Posto de Recebimento de Embalagens Vazias de Agrotóxicos de Ubajara-CE. A quinta etapa consistiu em visitar a fábrica de embalagens de agrotóxicos - Greif – localizada em Maracanaú. A sexta etapa envolveu o tratamento dos dados obtidos e nova consulta à literatura. A quantidade de informações e dados oficiais sobre a coleta de embalagens vazias de agrotóxicos é insuficiente para se compreender a dimensão do problema no estado do Ceará e enquanto isso todos os riscos inerentes ao tema se ampliam. Os dados dos municípios disponibilizados pelos órgãos responsáveis no período estudado não permitem conhecer em profundidade a real situação do sistema de logística reversa das embalagens vazias. Além disso, pouco se sabe sobre os procedimentos de tríplice lavagem das embalagens que fazem parte da estatística apresentada nessa pesquisa e sobre o destino final dado a água resultante desse processo. O Sistema Campo Limpo tem se revelado como uma iniciativa positiva no que se refere ao retorno das embalagens vazias de agrotóxicos no Estado, porém insuficiente diante do consumo total desses produtos. A falta de instrução do trabalhador, supervisão técnica e fiscalização são fatores que agravam a realidade dos agricultores nos locais visitados e denunciam o não cumprimento da legislação vigente.
A Sequência Fedathi na Produção do Material Didático de Matemática: Estudo de Caso do IFCE
Authors: Moreira Marília Maia , Joye Cassandra Ribeiro , Araújo Ana Cláudia Uchôa , Borges Neto Hermínio
Published: September 2018

Este artigo apresenta uma análise qualitativa das narrativas de uma amostra composta por professores-tutores da licenciatura em Matemática semipresencial, do Instituto Federal do Ceará (IFCE) sobre a adequabilidade do material didático de Cálculo. O referencial teórico pautava-se em estudos baseados nas metodologias de produção e ensino, respectivamente, Design Instrucional Contextualizado e a Sequência Fedathi (SF). Como instrumental, utilizou-se um roteiro de entrevista individual com os sujeitos participantes (professores-tutores), composto por perguntas respaldadas nas etapas da SF. As reflexões a partir dos resultados indicam que havia elementos presentes da metodologia de ensino SF no material didático de Cálculo I em um nível microestrutural, ou seja, em cada aula. Concluiu-se, a partir da análise, que a SF é, pedagogicamente, uma metodologia de ensino possivelmente recomendável para elaboração de um material didático de Matemática para um curso semipresencial de sua área, contudo, corre-se o risco de nem todas as etapas serem exequíveis, por exigirem a presença física do discente, demandando estudo e readequação da metodologia para o ensino à distância.
Síntese e Caracterização de Microesferas de Alginato e Quitosana Dopadas com Ferro e Níquel para Remoção por Adsorção de Tiofeno em Combustível Sintético
Authors: Neto João Gomes de Oliveira , Rodrigues Leonardo Sobreira , Bezerra Raychimam Douglas Santana , Sá Mônica Rodrigues de , Magalhães Júnior Guilherme Augusto , Oliveira Mayara De Sousa
Published: September 2018

A preocupação com o meio ambiente e a saúde da população são duas vertentes que estão diretamente relacionadas com a qualidade do ar e que influenciam regulamentações de emissões veiculares. Órgãos governamentais em todo o mundo têm estipulado cronogramas com reduções de tiocompostos na gasolina e no diesel nas últimas décadas. Desta forma, este trabalho visa avaliar a aplicação do processo adsortivo na remoção de compostos sulfurados, utilizando adsorventes a base de polímeros naturais puros e dopados com metais Fe e Ni. Os adsorventes foram sintetizados e caracterizados por espectroscopia na região do infravermelho e taxa de intumescimento. Nos experimentos adsortivos, utilizando um shaker com rotação de 160 rpm, durante 480 min, foram avaliadas massas de adsorventes em concentrações distintas, a fim de encontrar melhores resultados. Para os testes cinéticos, utilizou-se a melhor massa e concentração obtidos no teste de dosagem, sendo a cinética feita em temperatura ambiente. As alíquotas retiradas nos processos adsortivos foram analisadas em um cromatógrafo líquido. A modelagem cinética dos dados obtidos foi realizada segundo Lagergren de pseudo primeira e pseudo segunda ordens. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que os adsorventes funcionalizados com diferentes metais, Ferro e Níquel apresentaram percentuais promissores de remoção (67,01% e 73,61%) quando comparados com as microesferas puras (27,01%). A dosagem de 4 g/L foi a que melhor se adequou ao estudo para todos os adsorventes e todas as concentrações do adsorbato. Nos estudos de cinética, pode-se considerar que as reações de adsorção seguem o modelo de Lagergren pseudo 2ª ordem.
O Ensino de Microbiologia nas Escolas Públicas de Ensino Fundamental do Município de Jaguaribe, Ceará
Authors: Freitas Valdineia Soares , Sá Chayenne Alves de , Silva Kylvia Rocha de Castro e
Published: September 2018

A Microbiologia é um ramo da Biologia que está intimamente relacionada à saúde humana e ao bom funcionamento do meio ambiente. O presente trabalho foi desenvolvido com alunos e professores de quatro turmas do 7º ano do Ensino Fundamental, em quatro escolas públicas de educação básica da cidade de Jaguaribe/CE, e objetivou analisar como os temas relacionados à Microbiologia têm sido ensinados. Foram feitas observações em sala de aula e aplicação de questionário a alunos e professores. As observações e os dados coletados nos permitiram inferir que, embora haja uma avaliação satisfatória do grupo (professores e alunos) sobre como os temas relacionados à Microbiologia vem sendo ensinados, existe por parte deles o anseio de que sejam realizadas melhorias no ensino de Microbiologia. Esses resultados confirmam a necessidade de aproximação entre os conteúdos ensinados em Microbiologia e as diferentes estratégias de ensino-aprendizagem, tais como a realização de atividades práticas e lúdicas, tendo em vista que essas possibilitarão uma dinamização das aulas, fomentando nos alunos o desejo de atuarem juntamente com o professor, como agentes na construção do conhecimento.
Factores de logro de la resocialización y la reducción del consumo en habitantes de calle
Authors: Mejía Gaviria Cristian , Meneses Cortes Juan Camilo , Figueroa Ibarra Manuela , Correa Álvarez Yojan Adrian
Published: September 2018

El presente estudio tiene un enfoque cualitativo de modelo hermenéutico con un alcance descriptivo. El objetivo de la investigación es identificar los factores que posibilitan el proceso de resocialización y la reducción del consumo en los habitantes de calle. Los participantes fueron 12 personas mayores de 18 años en proceso de resocialización, a quienes se les realizó una entrevista semiestructurada que indagaba por aspectos de la esfera personal, familiar y psicosocial. Entre los principales hallazgos se encuentran: elementos motivacionales, valores, actitudes, aptitudes y redes de apoyo que incluyen a la familia, amigos e instituciones. Además, los resultados muestran que los factores espirituales, religiosos y las expectativas frente al consumo, son igualmente importantes para el proceso.
Estudio transversal sobre consumo de sustancias psicoactivas y prevalencia de trastornos en adolescentes escolarizados
Authors: Castaño González Fabio César , Ruano Ibarra Luis Eduardo
Published: September 2018

La investigación da cuenta del consumo de sustancias psicoactivas y la prevalencia de los trastornos mentales en adolescentes escolarizados en la media vocacional de Popayán, a través de un estudio transversal realizado en los años 2012 y 2015 por el grupo de investigación Psiedu del programa de Psicología de la Universidad Cooperativa, sede Popayán. En las dos cohortes se trabajó con muestras socialmente representativas, los investigadores incluyeron a partir de un mapeo de actores, al máximo de estudiantes miembros de los grados décimo y undécimo de las instituciones. La investigación se realizó con base en la metodología de estudio descriptivo cuantitativo de corte transversal, la información se recogió a partir del instrumento titulado Cuestionario de Tamizaje de Problemas en Adolescentes (POSIT), compuesto por 81 reactivos agrupados en siete áreas de la vida cotidiana: uso/abuso de sustancias, salud mental, relaciones familiares, relaciones con amigos, nivel educativo, interés laboral, conducta agresiva/delictiva (Rahdert, 1991; Mariño, González-Forteza, Andrade, y Medina-Mora, 1998).
The role of some indicators of financial security in Ukraine in the context of transnationalization and national interests
Authors: Khalatur Svitlana , Pavlova Galina , Zhylenko Kateryna
Published: September 2018

The article analyzes some indicators of Ukraine’s financial security in the context of transnationalization and national interests. On the basis of the obtained results, the role of financial security in the context of transnationalization and national interests has been determined, directions for strengthening the financial security of the country have been proposed.The main objective of the study is to determine the role of Ukraine’s financial security in the context of transnationalization and national interests, based on the study and evaluation of some financial security indicators. The methodology of the research is based on the early prevention of threats to financial security of Ukraine in the context of transnationalization and national interests, based on both macroeconomic and financial data from the entire financial system. The regression models were used, because they work dynamically and change as information changes. Diagrams can be used by financial analysts to understand the investment attractiveness of the country at the current time with the current level of financial security. Standard models are designed to predict the financial stress and threats to financial security. Financial security models must be built with the support of macroeconomic knowledge, assessment of other risks and expert interpretations, used to get the highest value in the research.The procedure of simulation of financial security indicators of the country has been given. The use of correlation and regression analysis for forecasting the financial security indicators in Ukraine has been substantiated. The links between the indicator variables have been analyzed. The general view of model relations between financial security indicators in Ukraine has been determined, their statistical analysis has been carried out and the necessity of forecasting the financial security indicators of Ukraine has been substantiated.
The ideological divides and the uptake of research evidence
Authors: Avramov Dragana , Cliquet Robert
Published: September 2018

Population policies have been supported and considerably boosted by the activities of the United Nations, and in particularly by the UN Commission on Population and Development, the UN Population Division, and the United Nations Population fund (UNFPA). The authors document how the researcher community has presented a significant body of research evidence to world leaders in view of their policy deliberations and decision-making at the UN World Population Conferences in Bucharest in 1974, Mexico City in 1984 and Cairo in 1994.The focus in this contribution on the last three 20th century population conferences is explained as follows. Scientific world population conferences in Rome 1954 and Belgrade 1965 were organised under the auspices of the UN as deliberation events. The Bucharest conference of 1974 was a turning point because it was a political event, in which representatives of 149 member states not only debated but also decided about the draft World Population Plan of Action (WPPA) in which principles and directives for population policy and action were formulated. The two following conferences followed along the same action oriented rationale.The authors review policy achievements and missed opportunities of the three last world population forums from a scientific point of view by examining how research evidence was used for informing and transforming global population policies.
IN RE OBSCURA VERSANTES. LA COMPLESSA QUESTIONE AGIOGRAFICA DEI MARTIRI AMITERNINI E NUOVE PROSPETTIVE DI INTERPRETAZIONE
Authors: Capannolo Luca
Published: September 2018

The story of eighty-three Martyrs of Amiternum has always left the few scholars which have approached it feeling frustrated and incomplete. The scant reliable data and the lack of studies in this regard have added to  the mystery of a matter hagiographic already difficult to understand. This article doesn’t claim to solve this riddle, now consolidated and ingrained with the story of the martyrs, but want make an analysis of hagiographic material available and offer new perspectives of analysis based on the few secure facts in the history of Martyrs of Amiternum.
DRUKI XV- WIECZNE W ZBIORACH BIBLIOTEKI KLASZTORU KARMELITÓW W CZERNEJ
Authors: Graczyk Waldemar
Published: September 2018

The monastery dedicated to St Elijah in Czerna was founded by Agnes of Teczynska Firlej in 1631. From its beginning the monastery collected works both for the celebration of liturgy and so as to deepen the knowledge and spirituality in the areas of asceticism, preaching and theology. Books usually came from donations and legacies. Currently in the resource library of old prints in Czerna there are 14 incunabula. Incunabula are not uniform provenance band books. They come from the ecclesiastical institutions, from individual person and from the clergy. Some of incunabula have an original binding, other have been replaced or refurbished. Though it is a small collection of books, in terms of quality it reflects the interests and needs of the environment. The smudged corners of the pages and the highlights made of part of the text can testify that these books were used by monks in deepening their knowledge.
PAŁAC W PODHORCACH W LATACH 1865 –1939. STAN BADAŃ I POSTULATY BADAWCZE
Authors: Paduch Katarzyna
Published: September 2018

The palace in Podhorce has been, and remains, the subject of many studies and articles, but not all aspects of the history of this residence have been studied. This paper presents the state of research on the history of the Podhorce palace in the years 1865-1939. Ownership of the palace by Princess Constance of Zamoyskich Sanguszko (1864-1946) and Stanislaw Eustachy Sanguszko (1842-1903) still awaits studying. For researchers of the mansion Podhorce history, the most difficult challenges are related to detailed examining of source documents presenting fortunes of the palace on a background of important historical events. In the years 1865-1939 breakthrough moments for the Podhorce mansion were: World War I, the war of 1920, the celebration of the 250th anniversary of the Battle of Vienna, the outbreak of World War II. However the administration and care of goods in Podhorce is the issue least studied.
Obóz narodowy wobec koncepcji federacyjnej w czasie II wojny światowej
Authors: Miszewski Dariusz
Published: September 2018

During World War II, the national camp preached the idea of imperialism in Central Europe. Built peacefully, the Polish empire was supposed to protect the independence and security of countries in Central Europe against Germany and the Soviet Union, and thus got the title ‘the Great Poland’. As part of the empire, nation-states were retined. The National camp was opposed to the idea of the Federation, promoted by the government-in-exile. For the ‘National camp’ idea of federation in the regional, European and global level was an anachronism. Post-war international cooperation was based on nation-states and their alliances.
Fundacja sanktuarium Kubbat As-Sachra wyrazem pobożności lub polityki kalifa ABD AL-MALIKA IBN MARWANA
Authors: Nowogórski Przemysław
Published: September 2018

At the end of the seventh century Caliph Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan built the sanctuary Qubbat as-Sachra on the Temple Mount in Jerusalem. It is difficult to explain the reasons for this foundation. Perhaps he wanted to make it a place of hajj. During this time, Mecca was under the occupation of the anti-caliph Ibn Zubair. Another reason could be the desire to commemorate the night journey of the Prophet Muhammad. Available written sources do not clearly explain any of these hypotheses. The location, architecture and decoration suggest that the Caliph built a magnificent monument to the power and glory of Islam.
Humanistic aspects of Carolingian Court Poetry: Poetical Technique and Use of Sources in Paul the Deacon's Carmen X
Authors: Conti Marco
Published: September 2018

The object of this article is the analysis of a typical specimen of Carolingian court poetry, namely Paul the Deacon’s Carmen X, which was written at the very beginning of the so-called Carolingian Renaissance in 781. In my opinion, Paul’s poem demonstrates once more how, on the one hand, the poetical technique and use of classical sources and, on the other hand, the crucial influence of the environment of Charlemagne’s court that both makes Carolingian poetry an extremely innovative literary form, and strongly connects it with the later phenomenon of Humanism.
Diagnostics and Therapy of Human Diseases - Focus on Sialidases
Authors: Karagodin V.P. , Sukhorukov V.N. , Myasoedova V.A. , Grechko A.V. , Orekhov A.N.
Published: September 2018

Sialic acid residues that make part of the cell surface repertoire of carbohydrate residues are implicated
in various physiological processes and human pathologies. Sialidases, or neuraminidases, are the enzymes that are
able to cleave and release the sialic acid residues, while trans-sialidases can transfer the residues from donor to
acceptor molecules. They are important for processing the surface glycolipids and glycoproteins. Therapeutic
potential of pharmacological sialidases inhibition is currently actively studied. Knowledge and expertise gained
from genetic defects leading to human sialidase deficiency can be used for designing such drugs. In this review,
we discuss the current progress in studying sialidases and their inhibitors and the relevance of these studies to
developing novel therapeutic approaches. In vitro studies suggest that some sialidase inhibitors might be useful
therapeutics for treating sialidosis, cancer, infections, immune diseases, atherosclerosis and other pathologies.
Consequently, there is a field for further research and development. A thorough investigation of human sialidases
is therefore crucial to human health.
Zenker Diverticulum: A Potential Pitfall in Thyroid Ultrasound Evaluation: A Case Report and Systematic Review of Literature
Authors: Achille Gaetano , Castellana Marco , Russo Sabino , Montepara Massimo , Giagulli Vito Angelo , Triggiani Vincenzo
Published: September 2018

Background and Objective: Zenker Diverticulum (ZD) can sometimes be misinterpreted as
a thyroid nodule both at clinical evaluation and at Ultrasound (US).

Case Presentation: We reported the case of a 46-years-old woman complaining of a lump in the anterior
left aspect of the neck. Following clinical examination and US evaluation, a thyroid nodule was
initially diagnosed and the patient was referred to our institution to be submitted to a fine-needle aspiration
cytology.

Management and Outcome: A ZD was suspected by US and diagnosed by gastrografin esophagram,
thus an endoscopic diverticulotomy was requested.

Conclusion:

A correct US evaluation can be crucial for the appropriate management of a neck mass.
ATR-FTIR AND SPECTROSCOPIC METHODS FOR ANALYSIS OF BLACK SEED OIL FROM ALGINATE BEADS
Authors: Alkhatib Hamzeh , Mohamed Farahidah , Doolaanea Abd Almonem
Published: September 2018

Objective: This study aimed to use attenuated total reflectance-fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) for rapid quantification of black seed oil (BSO) from alginate beads and to develop simple analysis method for in vitro release study based on turbidity measurement.Methods: Guluronic acid-rich (high-G) sodium alginate was used to encapsulate BSO with the aid of Tween 80 as a stabilizer. ATR-FTIR method was developed for quantification of encapsulation efficiency of BSO by applying Beer-Lambert law after selection of a few wave number combinations. UV-vis method based on measurement of emulsion turbidity at 600 nm was also developed to quantify BSO during the releasing from alginate beads in simulated intestine buffer.Results: ATR-FTIR method exhibited linearity in the range of 25-300 mgBSO/mlemulsion (mgBSO/mlE)with R2=0.998, RSD=8.4%, LOD=0.28 mgBSO/mlE and LOQ=0.87 mgBSO/mlE. BSO-alginate beads was found to completely encapsulate BSO with around 100.5% efficiency. UV-vis method exhibited linearity in the range of 50-300 mgBSO/mlE, R2=0.9931, RSD=1.34%, LOD=0.89 mgBSO/mlE, and LOQ=2.71 mgBSO/mlE. In addition, the method showed that total amount of BSO was released at 110 min.Conclusion: These methods are considered as a practical method for quantification of BSO for encapsulation efficacy and release. They will help to accelerate and improve routine characterization of encapsulated BSO in food and pharmaceutical technology.
SOLID-STATE PROPERTIES AND SOLUBILITY STUDIES OF NOVEL PHARMACEUTICAL COCRYSTAL OF ITRACONAZOLE
Authors: Hiendrawan Stevanus , Veriansyah Bambang , Tjandrawinata Raymond R.
Published: September 2018

Objective: Pharmaceutical cocrystal is a promising method to improve the solubility of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). Itraconazole (ITZ) is a BCS class II antifungal drug with poor aqueous solubility, therefore an attempt was made to improve the solubility of ITZ using cocrystallization technique. In this work, six novel pharmaceutical cocrystals of ITZ with various coformers, including 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (4HBA), trans-cinnamic acid (TCA), suberic acid (SUB), sebacic acid (SBC), 1-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid (1H2N), and benzamide (BZD) were prepared.Methods: ITZ cocrystals was prepared by solvent evaporation process. The cocrystals produced were characterized using powder x-ray diffraction (PXRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Solubility analysis was performed to evaluate the cocrystals.Results: PXRD and DSC analysis revealed that the pattern of all ITZ cocrystals was distinguishable from the individual compounds which indicates the formation of new phase. The solubility of ITZ and its cocrystals from highest to lowest after 24 h in 0.1 N HCl solution (pH 1.2) follows the order ITZ-TCA (1.97-fold), ITZ-SBC (1.09-fold), ITZ, ITZ-1H2N (0.58-fold) and ITZ-4HBA (0.46-fold).Conclusion: This study demonstrates that the selection of coformers has pronounced an impact on the physicochemical properties of ITZ. Based on this study, it can be concluded that cocrystallization offers a valuable way to improve the solubility of ITZ.
MICELLAR MICROPARTICLES: A NOVEL APPROACH TO TOPICAL DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM
Authors: Bansal Monisha , Jamil Shahid
Published: September 2018

Topical drug delivery system is defined as the pharmaceutical dosage form which when applied onto the skin provides protection of skin and prevents serious skin disorders. Topical drug are being used for several years and still have its potential in new pharmaceutical technologies investigated. Skin is the most easily accessible organ of the body which has the potential to facilitate the delivery of several drugs with better efficacy, confining the pharmacological or other effect of the drug to the surface of the skin. Micelles are colloidal particles with a size smaller than 100 nm that allow a great depth of tissue penetration for targeted drug delivery, but rapidly disintegrate in the body. Microparticles containing micelles have the potential for delivering hydrophobic drug encapsulated in micelles on the target site in the specific part of the body. Micellar microparticles allow the improvement of solubility and dissolution of poorly soluble drugs. Microparticles containing micelles have the potential for delivering micelle-encapsulated hydrophobic drugs in targeted therapy. This article reviews the topical drug delivery system, colloidal drug delivery system and aspects and literature reviewed on micellar microparticles and its advantages in pharmaceuticals. An overview of reviews was conducted to locate published literature between 2000 and 2017.
SPRAY DRIED LACTOSE BASED PRONIOSOMES AS STABLE PROVESICULAR DRUG DELIVERY CARRIERS: SCREENING, FORMULATION, AND PHYSICOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION
Authors: Nasr Ali , Qushawy Mona , Swidan Shady
Published: September 2018

Objective: In the present investigation efforts were considered to optimize the different conditions for the preparation of spray dried lactose based proniosomes. The aim of this research was to investigate the feasibility of proniosomes as stable precursors for the development of niosomes as oral drug delivery system for poorly water-soluble drugs.Methods: A total of twenty-eight plain proniosomal formulae were prepared with various surfactant-cholesterol loading ratios in each formula using spray dried lactose as a carrier. Span 20, 40, 60 and 80 were used in various molar ratios with cholesterol. Different evaluation techniques were performed to study the performance of the prepared proniosomes. The micromeritic properties of the prepared proniosomes were analyzed. The reconstituted niosomes were further evaluated for morphological characterization using transmission electron microscope (TEM), particle size analysis, zeta potential, and polydispersity index (PDI). Finally, selected proniosomal formulae were tested for stability study.Results: The proniosomal formulae prepared using span 40 and span 60 exhibited excellent flowability while those prepared with span 20 and span 80 showed poor flow properties. TEM photographs revealed that the vesicles were discrete, spherical without aggregation. The mean vesicle size of reconstituted niosomes was found to be in the range between (252.9±0.43–624.3±0.23 nm) with perfect PDI values (0.387±0.05–0.835±0.03). The negative values of zeta potential indicated that all prepared formulae were stabilized by electrostatic repulsion forces. Stability studies confirmed that proniosomes give a more stable system that could overcome the problems of standard niosomes. Formulae with the smallest particle size, higher surface charge values and best flow properties were selected to be loaded with poorly soluble drugs for further study.Conclusion: The obtained results offered evidence that spray-dried lactose based proniosomes are promising stable drug delivery carriers and ready to incorporate various poorly water-soluble drugs in order to improve their limited oral bioavailability.
ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS: FUNCTIONINGANDAPPLICATIONS IN PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY
Authors: M. Ankith , P. Surya Teja S. , N. Damodharan
Published: September 2018

Artificial Neural Network (ANN) technology is a group of computer designed algorithms for simulating neurological processing to process information and produce outcomes like the thinking process of humans in learning, decision making and solving problems. The uniqueness of ANN is its ability to deliver desirable results even with the help of incomplete or historical data results without a need for structured experimental design by modeling and pattern recognition. It imbibes data through repetition with suitable learning models, similarly to humans, without actual programming. It leverages its ability by processing elements connected with the user given inputs which transfers as a function and provides as output. Moreover, the present output by ANN is a combinational effect of data collected from previous inputs and the current responsiveness of the system. Technically, ANN is associated with highly monitored network along with a back propagation learning standard. Due to its exceptional predictability, the current uses of ANN can be applied to many more disciplines in the area of science which requires multivariate data analysis. In the pharmaceutical process, this flexible tool is used to simulate various non-linear relationships. It also finds its application in the enhancement of pre-formulation parameters for predicting physicochemical properties of drug substances. It also finds its applications in pharmaceutical research, medicinal chemistry, QSAR study, pharmaceutical instrumental engineering. Its multi-objective concurrent optimization is adopted in the drug discovery process, protein structure, rational data analysis also.
DEVELOPMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION OF NOVEL HERBAL FORMULATION (POLYMERIC MICROSPHERES) OF SYZYGIUM CUMINI SEED EXTRACT
Authors: Biswas Ranu , Sen Kalyan Kumar
Published: September 2018

Objective: The purpose of the present investigation was to develop and characterize a novel herbal formulation (polymeric microspheres) of Syzygium cumini seed extract.Methods: The extract-loaded microspheres using biological macromolecule ethyl cellulose (EC) was prepared by o/w emulsion solvent evaporation technique using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) emulsifier. The effect of various process and formulation variables (stirring speed, evaporation time, drug/polymer ratio and organic/aqueous phase ratio) on the properties of microspheres was evaluated.Results: Micromeritic properties indicated good flow properties, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) confirmed the spherical nature of the prepared microspheres. The particle size and entrapment efficiency were varied between 34.25 to 176.25 µm and 10.51 to 42% depending upon the variables. All the formulations showed minimal drug release in an acidic environment (pH 1.2) confirming the prevention of drug release in the stomach and enteric nature of the polymer. Sustained drug release has been observed in alkaline dissolution media (pH 7.4) after 12 h of drug release study except for formulation F7 which contains a lower concentration of polymer. The fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis indicated the compatibility of the extract with the polymer. The absence of extract-polymer interaction was indicated by the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) thermogram. x-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed the amorphous nature of the extract in the microspheres which in pure form exhibits a crystalline structure.Conclusion: The findings of this present study suggest that microsphere formulation was a promising carrier for novel delivery of herbal drugs.