bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La Vita siriaca di Pietro l’Ibero e la Vita greca di Melania la giovane
Authors: Tavolieri Claudia
Published: April 2018

The two parallel biographies, the Syriac Life of Peter the Iberian, the Georgian prince who converted to Christianity, and the Life of Melania the Younger, the Roman patrician, have come down to us through a manuscript tradition and attest to the spread of monastic practices in Palestine around the 5th century. The texts allow us to investigate this phenomenon through the interpretation of selected passages which show how the common narrative of some certain significant events attests to the existence (and the fervent activity) of monastic circuits in Gaza, marked by particular lifestyles and guided by doctrinal choices. This inquiry, as well as providing important information on a certain kind of monasticism, offers the chance to make useful comparisons with the other forms of monasticism that enlivened the East in Late Antiquity.
L’icona miracolosa del principe Ašot II Bagratuni
Authors: Ruffilli Marco
Published: April 2018

The Armenian prince Ašot II Bagratuni (685/686-688/689 d.C.) placed in the church he himself founded in the village of Daroynkʽ a Byzantine icon mentioned in the Armenian historical sources as an image of the «Incarnation of Christ», coming from «the West». The years of the principate of Ašot partly coincide with those of the first of the two reigns of Justinian II, the emperor who for the first time issued monetary coins with the image of Christ impressed, and presided in 692 d.C. the Quinisext Council ‘in Trullo’, whose canon no. LXXXII dealt with the representation of the Saviour’s body. The case of Ašot is an example of the worship of icons in the late 7th century Armenia, and contributes to witnes both the circulation of this kind of artifacts in the armenian territories, and the the impact of the contemporary reflections about the Incarnation of Christ and the sacred images; in agreement, moreover, with the condemnation of the iconoclastic theses expressed in the Armenian treatise attributed to Vrtʽanēs Kʽertʽoł.
The Development of Women Fishery Entrepreneurship Group in the Japanese Marine Products Distribution Sector
Authors: Soejima Kumi , Makino Mitsutaku
Published: April 2018

The paper focuses on the development of women fisheries entrepreneurship groups in the marine products distribution sector in Japan. In particular, we will discuss the women’s groups in fishery cooperative associations (FCAs) who live in fishing communities and conduct economic activities using local resources centred on fishery products. The case study of the Sanmi Sea Mothers will also be examined following its historical evolution up to its current operational and economic performance.
Six Years after Disaster: Fisheries Communities in Coastal Pacific Tōhoku
Authors: Wilhelm Johannes
Published: April 2018

This paper gives an overview on several problems in fishing villages of Sanriku in thecourse of reconstruction after the tsunami disaster in March 2011. The focus is put on two communitieson the Eastern and Western side of Oshika peninsula to show differences in efforts and success.Furthermore, qualitative observations on the micro level are included, i.e. internal conflicts withincommunities and regional policy-making during the reconstruction process, to enable a more differentiated view on problems that local residents and communities have been facing since disaster
Leadership, Ritual Power and Festival Management in a Japanese Fishing Community
Authors: Bulian Giovanni
Published: April 2018

The article provides an anthropological overview of the critical processes of empowerment and disempowerment of ritual leaders in a small Japanese fishing community. The main topic of the paper is a winter festival that takes place during the New Year’s Eve in Kamishima island (Ise Bay), whose management and celebration represent an important catalyst for local leadership, which is related to the transformation of the local institutions and to the power relations among the various local leaders.
LANGUAGE AS ART AND COMMUNICATION TOOL
Authors: Wijaya Linda , Nasution Nena Syahrani Syahaf
Published: April 2018

Language acquisition is essentially needed to sustain human socialization through communication towards one another. The purpose of this paper is to show that the language functioned as a universal language can literally support the continuity of human life in the work, business, and education. Society often neglects the importance of language and only regards language as a superficial subject to be studied. As the saying goes “Language is art”, needless to say, it truly proves that language is also related to literature which produces many contribution to literary works. Strong language literature is also an excellent phenomenon in human communication such as drama, poetry, and novel. Novel, a literary work that until now still in demand by literary fans, is a media that indirectly bring together the author with the reader. The author conveys his message to the reader through the novel. The findings of this research found that language plays an important role in maintaining and preserving human existence in communication. Language is a crucial element in implementing human body language. The expertise of the person in the language shows his skills and qualities.
DEVELOPING MACROMEDIA FLASH FOR TEACHING SPEAKING MATERIALS FOR STUDENTS
Authors: Trisna Ayu , Nasution Riyah Shibha
Published: April 2018

The aim of this study is to develop macromedia flash as a learning media for teaching speaking materials for students. Research and Development is used as the research method. Research Procedures are modified into four steps, they are: evaluation and need analysis, media design, validation and revision, and final production. The product has validated by expert validation. The expert is an English lecturer of English literature Department, State University of Medan which approved by Faculty of Languages and Arts. The instrument for collecting data is by using questionnaire. The data are analyzed by descriptive technique. The result shows that macromedia flash is advisability to use with the total assessment by expert validations is 91 (Good). With the result that macromedia flash is good and eligible to use for teaching speaking for students.
SPEECH ACTS IN INDONESIA INDEPENDENCE DAY SPEECH
Authors: Ritonga Siti Rahma
Published: April 2018

This study is concerned with the use of speech acts in Indonesia Independence  Day Speech. The objective of this study were to describe the types of speech acts of  President’s speech in 72nd Indonesia Independence Day 2017 , the most dominant types of speech act, and to described the reason why the most dominant types of speech acts used by him. This  study was conducted by qualitative anaylisis method. The source of data in this study was Jokowi’s speech in 72nd Indonesia Independence Day 2017, while the  data were taken from his utterances in script of speech. The findings of this study showed that all types of speech acts, namely representative, directive, commissive, expressive and declarative The representative speech acts was the most dominantly used in his speech. The reasons of  Jokowi used the representative speech acts were he could deliver the information about government’s achievements in 2017 and the goals in the next year.
Discutindo saúde sexual e gravidez na adolescência
Authors: Rinque Letícia Caroline Lemos , Ruggeri Nayara Thainan Costa , Vale Jéssica De Sousa , Pantano Fabricio , Nascimento Douglas Pereira do , Roque Eliana Mendes de Souza Teixeira
Published: April 2018

A sexualidade apesar de ser definida como um agrupamento de fenômenos que permeiam todos os aspectos de nossa existência ela é vista a principio como um acontecimento biológico. Contudo, sabe-se que é também social e psicológico e só pode ser percebido quando situado no âmbito e nas regras da cultura em que se vive. Em cada sociedade são diferentes as oposições e aceitações em relação à vida sexual. A educação sexual na adolescência é de suma importância não só em nível de informação, mas também para nortear a conduta do jovem em suas escolhas relacionada à sua vida sexual. Informar os adolescentes sobre doenças, métodos contraceptivos, a própria gravidez na adolescência, assunto que se tornou muito comum em um período onde a vida sexual se inicia cada vez mais cedo. Dar um norte aos jovens oferecer-lhes suporte, baseado na educação em saúde voltando sempre à importância de procurar orientação profissional. O intuito de demonstrar e conscientizar os alunos a socializarem e interagirem sobre o assunto com seus pais, com profissionais de saúde, com amigos, mas sempre buscar informações em fontes seguras para formar um pensamento crítico e conscientiza-los também da importância de cuidar da própria saúde e eventualmente do parceiro.
A concorrência predatória nos escritórios de contabilidade no município de Ariquemes-RO
Authors: Oliveira Thyago Vinícius
Published: April 2018

Conhecer as relações dos proprietários de escritórios de contabilidade é sem dúvida uma forma de analisar e neutralizar alguns problemas que se relacionam com a profissão contábil. Nesse sentido a pesquisa se conduziu avaliando a conduta ética do profissional contábil no município de Ariquemes-RO. Utilizou-se como metodologia pesquisas bibliográficas em livros, revistas, publicações avulsas, impressas, material disponível em internet e aplicaram-se questionários para a coleta de informações para o desenvolvimento do estudo de caso. A amostra do estudo de caso foi composta de 20 escritórios de contabilidade, de 53 profissionais contábeis, de informações no Conselho Regional de Contabilidade de Rondônia, e de 50 empresas de ramos variados do município citado. Dentre os principais resultados encontrados constatou-se que existe a concorrência entre os 90% dos escritórios de contabilidade entrevistados e que 90% não seguem os valores admitidos pelo Conselho Regional de Contabilidade, desta forma a pesquisa apresentou resultados favoráveis através de questionários.
Kur’an’da “Mâ” Edatının Farklı Kullanımları ve Yoruma Etkisi
Authors: Ateş Avnullah Enes
Published: April 2018

Arap
Dilinin yapısı itibariyle cümlenin öğeleri bazı durumlarda farklı değerlendirilebilir.
Bu da anlamın farklılaşmasına sebep olur. Bu tür cümleler bazen sonuç
itibariyle birbirine zıt hükümlerin oluşmasına zemin hazırlar. Arap Dilinin bu
yapısından dolayı Kur’an ayetlerinin birbirinden farklı şekillerde tefsir
edilmesi söz konusu olur. Bu da İslam tarihi içerisinde farklı itikadi ve fıkhi
mezheplerin aynı ayetten farklı sonuçlar elde etmesiyle neticelenir. Bu makale,
İ‛râbu’l-Kur’ân ismiyle terimleşen bu olguyu “mâ” edatı örnekleminde ele alacak
ve doğurduğu sonuçları örnek ayetler üzerinden gösterecektir. Ayrıca bu
ayetlerin çevirileriyle ilgili oluşabilecek problemlere temas edilerek hem
çeviri önerileri sunulacak hem de bazı Türkçe mealler bu açıdan tetkik
edilecektir.
Kur’ân Kıssalarını “Hikâye” Kavramıyla Tanımlamanın İmkânı
Authors: KARA Mustafa
Published: April 2018

Yüce
Allah (cc) tarafından Hz. Peygamber (s)’e indirilen ve daveti tüm insanlığı
kapsayan Kur’ân’ın amacı, insanların tevhîd ekseninde imanlı ve ahlâklı bir
hayat yaşamalarını temin etmektir. Bu amaç istikametinde Kur’ân, mesajını
insanlara daha etkili bir şekilde aktarmak için farklı yöntemler
kullanmaktadır. Bu yöntemlerden birisi de kıssa anlatmaktır. Bu kapsamda Kur’ân
ayetlerinin 1787 tanesi kıssalardan oluşmaktadır. Kur’ân’da anlatılan kıssalar,
insanlık tarihinde yaşanmış hayat gerçekliklerini konu edinmektedir. Bu yüzden
Kur’ân kıssalarının, yaşanmış, yaşanması muhtemel veya yaşanmamış olayları konu
edinen “hikâye” kavramıyla tanımlanıp tanımlanamayacağı meselesi tartışılmıştır.
Bu makalede söz konusu tartışmanın hangi zeminde sürdürüldüğü ve Kur’ân
kıssalarını “hikâye” kavramıyla tanımlamanın imkânı tartışılırken meseleye
hangi açılardan yaklaşılması gerektiği üzerinde durulmuştur. Bu çerçevede
konuya her iki kavramla ilgili anlam, kaynak, konu, amaç,
şekil ve üslup cihetinden yaklaşmanın sözü edilen mesele hakkında
daha belirleyici bir sonuç ortaya çıkaracağı varsayılmıştır. Elde edilen
bulgular Sonuç kısmında açıklanmıştır.
Materialidades y historias en comunidades negras de América Latina: reflexiones y balance investigativo
Authors: Allen Scott Joseph , Oliveros Johana Caterina Mantilla
Published: April 2018

..
Arqueologia dos africanos escravos e livres na Amazônia
Authors: Costa Diogo Menezes
Published: April 2018

O potencial arqueológico dos sítios históricos com presença Africana na Amazônia brasileira ainda é pouco explorado. Aqui pretendemos apresentar um breve panorama destas pesquisas, começando com os estudos contemporâneos sobre a diáspora e a escravidão Africana na arqueologia; aspectos internos e externos da história Africana na Amazônia; o potencial arqueológico da temática da escravidão e da diáspora Africana na Amazônia; e o cotidiano das comunidades remanescentes de quilombo na área.
Arqueologia Histórica na Era Digital
Authors: Torres Rodrigo
Published: April 2018

Possibilidades de trabalho em ambientes colaborativos e interativos, portabilidade, acessibilidade, participação, nuvens de dados, redes sociais e inteligência coletiva, que surgem no ambiente digital do século XXI, constituem formas de circulação do conhecimento que sinalizam um novo panorama sociocultural para as Humanidades. Essa integração das tecnologias digitais na prática arqueológica, entretanto, não tem ocorrido de forma homogênea, pelo contrário, suscita novos e antigos debates. Este artigo apresenta um panorama das discussões relativas ao impacto das novas tecnologias na cultura acadêmica e argumenta sobre a necessidade do engajamento ativo das universidades neste novo paradigma digital.
Negociando papéis de gênero em comunidades religiosas femininas no século XVII e XVIII: um estudo de caso no Convento La Limpia Concepción, Riobamba, Equador
Authors: Nimmo Evelyn R.
Published: April 2018

O estudo arqueológico de instituições religiosas femininas nas colônias na América Latina é uma área de estudo pouco desenvolvido que poderia ampliar nosso conhecimento sobre os papéis das mulheres na colonização. Esse artigo discute a arquitetura e a cultura material de um convento feminino La LimpiaConcepción, fundado em 1605 na cidade colonial de Riobamba, Equador, visando examinar as diferentes identidades vividas pelas freiras dentro do convento. Escavações arqueológicas e pesquisas nos acervos históricos mostram que as freiras de véu negro negociavam papéis conflituosos na comunidade religiosa; elas eram pináculos da espiritualidade e feminilidade necessários para cumprir o papel de noiva de Cristo, mas também assumiram papéis vistos como masculinos na sociedade espanhola colonial no gerenciamento do convento. A incorporação da identidade nobre e familiar forneceu uma maneira de negociar o conflito entre os papéis masculinizados e feminilizados dentro do convento.
Teoria e a Arqueologia Histórica: A América Latina e o Mundo
Authors: Funari Pedro Paulo A.
Published: April 2018

O artigo trata, de início, das questões epistemológicas relativas à disciplina. As discussões recentes sobre a definição e temas da Arqueologia Histórica são colocadas em contexto. Em seguida, discutem-se as principais contribuições da Arqueologia Histórica na América Latina, no contexto regional e mundial.
Editorial
Authors: Rambelli Gilson , Sanches Bruno
Published: April 2018

Desde o seu início nos anos 1960, ocm George F. Bass, em Cabo Gelydonia na Turquia, a Arqueologia Subaquática sistemática tem se expandido como campo de pesquisa arqueológico, ou seja, como uma especialidade da Arqueologia, atingindo hoje escala internacional de aplicabilidade e de formação. Essa inclusão de arqueólogos mergulhadores ao ambiente aquático, que comemora cinquenta e um anos, vem rompendo com uma tradição milenar levada adiante por mergulhadores que sempre se apoderaram do patrimônio cultural subaquático em benefício próprio, dificultando o agir coerente da pesquisa sistemática sobre esses bens culturais.
Los muros que defienden la tierra del mar: arqueología de la guerra y defensa marítima en Cartagena de Indias en el periodo colonial
Authors: Hurtado Carlos del Cairo , Chaves Catalina Garcia
Published: April 2018

Nas escavações realizadas no Baluarte de San Ignacio e a muralha em Cartagen das Indias, foram identificados restos de duas canoas a 4 metros de profundidade em ambiente úmido salino, presumivelmente pertencentes ao século XVIII e cuja utilização foi associada à construção das muralhas. Com base no conceito de paisagem cultural marítima, foram analisados os diversos componentes, usos e funções dessas canoas, tanto como um evidência de construção naval quanto de uma técnica de engenharia de transformar uma área marinha em zona terrestre como marco de sua estratéfia defensiva territorial na época colonial.
Aproximações entre Arqueologia e o estudo dos movimentos sociais contemporâneos: MST e CPT
Authors: Corso João Carlos
Published: April 2018

Trata-se de artigo que busca fazer aproximações entre as discussões da Arqueologia com a pesquisa sobre a História do Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem Terra e da Comissão Pastoral da Verdade. A problemática é pensar se é possível compreender os movimentos sociais contemporâneos por meio da análise da cultura material. As reflexões apresentadas neste artigo pretendem colaborar no diálogo entre História e Arqueologia.
Tempos antárticos: entre momentos, histórias e experiências
Authors: Hissa Sarah de Barros Viana
Published: April 2018

Tempo e espaço são dimensões estreitamente relacionadas, senão indissociáveis. Pensar tempo e compreensões passados faz necessário um entendimento de contextos históricos, de espacialidades e de materialidades. Faço aqui uma pequena reflexão sobre alguns conceitos de tempo e uma breve análise de excertos históricos, buscando compreender algo de uma dimensão essencialmente subjetiva da experiência humana: a percepção da passagem de tempo, que, nesse estudo de caso, é aquela referente aos caçadores de mamíferos marinhos na Antártia do século XIX.
Arqueologia da Mineração nas Lavras do Abade: entre propostas e práticas
Authors: Costa Diogo M.
Published: April 2018

Este artigo apresenta uma proposta de teoria e metodologia para a arqueologia da mineração. Esta proposição é embasada pelas particularidades dos depósitos arqueológicos e pelas características dos assentamentos mineradores, tais como a comunidade, classe e gênero. Em seguida, as práticas de uma arqueologia da mineração do século XIX no mund e no Brasil são apresentadas. Em conclusão, é apresentado um estudo sobre os vestígios arqueológicos de uma vila de mineração de ouro no fina do século XIX no Centro Oeste brasileiro.
Coleções e Colecionadores: vozes da exposição
Authors: Marques Marcélia , Hilbert Klaus
Published: April 2018

Neste trabalho procuramos valorizar as coleções particulares enquanto espaços de exposição que veiculam significados múltiplos na relação entre objetos e pessoas. Comparamos algumas coleções particulares nos estados do Rio Grande do Sul e do Ceará, compostas por objetos pré-históricos e históricos; em todas as práticas de exposição, inclusive em museus institucionais, a noção de tempo está representada nos objetos. Ocorre que nas coleções particulares o modo de explicitar esta dimensão temporal não decorre de referências cronológicas periodizadas. Nas coleções particulares, a voz da autoridade e das concepções de tempo exprime o mundo e a sensibilidade dos próprios colecionadores, misturando conhecimento inventado com conhecimento apropriado.
Fragmentos da história de vida de uma família de artefatos: as vasilhas de pedra-sabão em Minas Gerais - Séculos XVIII a XXI
Authors: Melquíades Vinicius
Published: April 2018

A partir das propostas que vêm sendo elaboradas pela Arqueologia Simétrica, o presente artigo tem o intuito de acompanhar diferentes aspectos das relações estabelecidas entre humanos e materialidade (aqui representadas pelas vasilhas de pedra-sabão) no processo histórico mineiro (séculos XVIII a XXI). Através do estudo etnoarqueológico em uma comunidade de artesãos atual, somado ao estudo dos artefatos (coleções sítio arqueológico Fazenda do Padre Fraga, Museu da Inconfidência e Museu de Artes e Ofícios) e da produção historiográfica, objetiva-se lançar um novo e alternativo olhar sobre as vasilhas e pedra-sabão, chamando atenção para agente até então esquecidos, como os artesãos e a própria materialidade.
Reflexões sobre a Arqueologia da Diáspora Africana no Brasil
Authors: Singleton Theresa A. , Torres Marcos André
Published: April 2018

Os artigos apresentados neste voume trazem à minha lembrança uma afirmação feita pelo historiador Philip Morgan: "Embora os escravos do Novo Mundo tenham tido um destino similar em toda parte, as distinções territoriais fizeram diferença" (1988:104).
Do corpo ao lugar à paisagem: uma perspectiva fenomenológica
Authors: Tilley Chris
Published: April 2018

O presente texto é o capítulo 1 da obra "The materiality of stone", Berg Publisher, 2004.
Arqueología de los caminos: investigación sobre la ruta tomada por el éxodo del pueblo oriental de 1811 (Uruguay)
Authors: López Mazz José Maria , Machado Alfonso , Marozzi Oscar , Duarte Christopher
Published: April 2018

Se aborda desde la metodología arqueológica la demarcación de un tramodel camino asociado al episodio histórico conocido como el “Éxodo del PuebloOriental”. La ruta ha sido declarada explícitamente como Monumento HistóricoNacional, por la Ley de Patrimonio del año 1971. El trabajo de geo-referenciación de este itinerario es parte de un abordaje multidisciplinario que involucra miradas y enfoques desde la Historia y la Agrimensura. Esto ha permitido introducir nuevas aristas a la discusión y enriquecer el debate sobre aspectos particulares del episodio histórico. Se presentan aquí los aportes para su reconstrucción desde la Arqueología. En el marco de un convenio entre la Universidad de la República (UdelaR) y la Comisión Nacional del Patrimonio Cultural del Ministerio de Educación y Cultura (CNPC - MEC) de Uruguay. El trabajo pone énfasis en la metodología de prospección arqueológica y explora aspectos vinculados a la circulación humana prehistórica e histórica persistentes de la región, asociados a atributos geográficos-ambientales que conforman la materialidad y elementos del paisaje reciente.
Relaciones sociales y distanciamento: pensando con Norbert Elias las "modernidades" del Buenos Aires virreinal
Authors: Marschoff Maria
Published: April 2018

Aquí retomo algunas ideas de Norbert Elias que resultan interesantes y pertinentes para discutir la “modernidad”; en particular, su énfasis en las relaciones sociales y el distanciamiento, centrales a lo que él denomina “proceso de la civilización” (aquí entendido como posible definición de “modernidad”). Ambos conceptos son esencialmente corporales, y no han recibido suficiente atención en arqueología histórica. En este caso, empleo estas ideas en el análisis de los contextos materiales de vida y las experiencias de algunos residentes del puerto de Buenos Aires entre 1776 y 1810. El objetivo es discutir posibles “modernidades”, que a la vez permitan cuestionar el carácter inexorable y externo que este concepto suele adoptar, consciente o inconscientemente, en el marco de la arqueología histórica.
Quanto vale seu dedo mindinho? A monetarização do corpo e dos sentidos
Authors: Pellini José Roberto
Published: April 2018

Você já parou para se perguntar quanto vale seu dedo mindinho? Por mais estranha que a pergunta possa parecer, ela não é totalmente descabida, principalmente se pensarmos que nos últimos anos tem crescido o número de “celebridades” que colocam alguma parte de seus corpos no seguro. Madonna, por exemplo, fez o seguro dos seios pelo valor de dois milhões de dólares; Jeniffer Lopez colocou seu bumbum no seguro e hoje ele vale cerca de nove milhões de dólares; Gene Simmons, vocalista do Kiss, segurou a sua língua em um milhão de dólares; David Beckham colocou suas pernas no seguro pela bagatela de 144 milhões de euros!!!! Mas a prática de atribuir valor financeiro ao corpo ou a partes do corpo não é algo novo. Durante a Idade Média, danos causados por terceiros ao corpo ou a partes do corpo de uma pessoa eram compensados a partir de pagamentos em dinheiro. No mundo islâmico, mesmo nos dias de hoje, a prática da Dyia, determina o pagamento de valores monetários àqueles que sofreram algum tipo de injuria no corpo ou nos sentidos. Mais recentemente nos Estados Unidos, soldados acidentados durante as campanhas militares recebem ressarcimento financeiro de acordo com o tipo de dano sofrido. No Brasil, assim como em outros países que passaram por regimes ditatoriais violentos, torturados políticos têm sido compensados financeiramente pelo sofrimento físico e psicológico. Leis trabalhistasem países modernos têm assegurado o direito à compensação financeira em caso de acidentes que causam algum tipo de dano físico ao trabalhador durante sua jornada de trabalho. Em todos estes casos há uma clara monetarização do corpo, onde cada membro, cada órgão, cada sentido tem seu próprio valor monetário estabelecido. Entender os princípios que regem a monetarização do corpo e dos sentidos nos permite analisar como o corpo ou partes dele são social e cultural mente valorizados. Com este objetivo em mente, eu pretendo discutir as Listas de Compensação presentes nas chamadas Leis bárbaras medievais e nas Apólices de Seguro do Ocidente Moderno.
Globalização, consumo e diacronia: populações sertanejas sob a ótica arqueológica
Authors: De Abreu e Souza Rafael
Published: April 2018

Este artigo levanta possibilidades de olhar às populações sertanejas das áreassemiáridas do nordeste do Brasil a partir da ótica da arqueologia do passadocontemporâneo, ressaltando a contribuição arqueológica à construção de narrativas alternativas aos discursos que sedimentam uma "história única" sobre o "Nordeste brasileiro". Serão ressaltadas perspectivas diacrônicas relacionadas a práticas de consumo e modos de espacializar o local de moradia, dialógicos ao par local/global, ao longo do século XX, nos sertões do Piauí, Pernambuco e Ceará.
"Branco não entende índio...": o imaginário sobre o conflito Guarani
Authors: Carle Cláudio Baptista
Published: April 2018

Estudo a partir do Imaginário sobre o conflito entre os índios Guarani antes e com o processo da conquista. As reflexões são baseadas nos estudos antropológicos na sua ramificação conhecida como arqueologia. O estudo avalia a criação de uma imagem de um Guarani guerreiro. Analisando no campo do Imaginário verifica-se que há uma transposição das imagens européias da guerra e conflito para os índios, sem considerar que não eram as imagens que o próprio Guarani carregava e carrega de si e do conflito. Os Mitos Guarani estão muito distantes dos Mitos dos Europeus assim a linguagem de um não se sobrepõe a do outro. A guerra aludida a eles é uma imagem ocidental e não uma imagem Guarani.
Prospects for Canadian-Russian Engagements beyond Common-Sense Civilizations and Geopolitical Conflict
Authors: Silvius Ray
Published: April 2018

In this article, I attempt to delineate some possibilities for Canadian engagements with Russia in 25 years' time via the prism of multipolarity in the global political economy (GPE). The term “engagements” is rendered in the plural form so as to entertain possibilities beyond present, seemingly intractable geopolitical tensions. I contend that we are in the midst of a complex restructuring of the GPE that will continue to resonate well into the future and that this restructuring will present a challenging environment in which Canadians might seek to articulate and realize their collective ideas and interests. One component of this is Russia's willingness to challenge Western liberal internationalism in the context of multipolarity. Nonetheless, I suggest that we “decentre” our notions of civilization and civilizational difference in order to imagine possible contours for Canadian engagements with Russia in 25 years' time.
Canada and African Refugees: It Is Complicated, but Opportunities Exist for a Partnership
Authors: Coffie Amanda
Published: April 2018

Canada is a global leader in addressing refugee issues, particularly in the area of resettlement, but has a complicated relationship with African refugees. The complication is most profound in the case of those living in refugee camps in Africa. In addition, Canada's commitment toward peacekeeping—which it deems a solution for conflicts that are the leading cause of population displacement in the context of Africa—is fraught with complexities. This article reviews the complications underlying Ottawa's response to refugee issues from Africa, arguing that in the next 25 years, Ottawa can change its complicated relationship with Africa into a partnership aimed at providing a solution to the myriad refugee crises. Such a partnership will necessarily include contributing financial and technical support to refugee-hosting countries in Africa and returning to active participation in peacekeeping in Africa.
International Financial Governance and “Global” Finance: Will Canada Matter in 25 Years?
Authors: Friesen Elizabeth
Published: April 2018

This article examines Canada's contributions to the governance of global finance in the past and explores what they are likely to be in the future. First, it begins with an examination of global finance: what it is, why it matters, and how it is transforming. Second, from the adoption of the Bretton Woods system to the present day, Canada has made substantial contributions to the development of a resilient and functional, if imperfect, financial system. Although Canadians (and Canada) have relatively little power in conventional terms, the article explores why they have substantial resources, both technical and political, to model behaviour, frame and reframe issues, participate in institutions, and create new institutional structures that shape global financial governance. The present and future of Canadian involvement in global finance is examined. Canada's role as a facilitator of political interaction on these issues will be a welcome and constructive resource in the future as the challenges posed by rapid transformation and innovation in global finance (as well as the failures of easy answers to contain these forces) become increasingly apparent.
Canada and the US: Not Necessarily Listening but Tied by Necessity
Authors: Haussman Melissa
Published: April 2018

This article concerns the US half of the Canadian-US relationship in the medium future. Issues of focus include demographic and economic changes in the two countries and how the Trump presidential candidacy, aided in large part by consultant and former White House chief strategist Steve Bannon, tried to frame both negatively with respect to the US' history of a fairly open economy. Within the next 25 years, the United States, like most of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), will continue to have better job growth in the service industries than in manufacturing ones, necessitating an acknowledgement by both the public and private sectors that significant jobs retraining is necessary. In regard to Canada, this article argues that what is needed is more of a “tweak” to NAFTA, to recognize increased automation and include items like new computerized auto parts not covered in the original agreement, rather than a complete overhaul of the agreement. Canada and the US will still be talking to each other in 25 years' time.
Optimal Seismic Design of Steel Plate Shear Walls Using Metaheuristic Algorithms
Authors: Kaveh Ali , Farhadmanesh Mohamad
Published: April 2018

In this paper three well-known metaheuristic algorithms comprising of Colliding Bodies Optimization, Enhanced Colliding Bodies Optimization, and Particle Swarm Optimization are employed for size and performance optimization of steel plate shear wall systems. Low seismic and high seismic optimal designs of these systems are performed according to the provisions of AISC 360 and AISC 341. In one part of the low seismic example, a moment frame and Steel Plate Shear Wall (SPW) strength are compared. Performance optimization of the Special Plate Shear Wall (SPSW) for size optimized system is one of the objectives of the high seismic example. Finally, base shear sensitivity analysis on optimal high seismic design of SPSW and size optimization of a 6-story to a 12-story SPSW are performed to have a comprehensive view on the optimal design of steel plate shear walls.
Incorporating north-western Afghanistan into the British empire: experiments in indirect rule through the making of an imperial frontier, 1884–87
Authors: Fuoli Francesca
Published: April 2018

This article analyses the British-led demarcation of Afghanistan's north-western border in the Maimana region between 1884–7. Historians of Afghanistan have largely neglected the Afghan Boundary Commission as a minor episode in Amir Abdur Rahman Khan's process of internal reform and ‘modernisation’. This article nuances these approaches and reconsiders the role of boundary-making as an instrument for building empire at the level of local indigenous political organisation. It argues that the demarcation became an occasion for increasing British interference in Afghan affairs that aimed at establishing embryonic forms of colonial rule along Afghanistan's borderlands. Commissioners sought the collaboration of local intermediaries – Afghan officials and ethnic minorities – in ways that bypassed official relations with the court in Kabul. The Boundary Commission became instrumental in enabling the extension and consolidation of the government of Kabul's authority over previously semi-autonomous areas. In the long term, it became the blueprint for the demarcation of Afghanistan's northern boundaries in Turkestan, Badakhshan and the Pamirs.
The hydrological networks of the Balkh Oasis after the arrival of Islam: a landscape archaeological perspective
Authors: Wordsworth Paul
Published: April 2018

This article seeks to evaluate the development of the Balkh Oasis in Northern Afghanistan, from the perspective of hydrological management. The concept of ‘oasis cities’ has been applied to several lowland settlement systems in Central Asia, characterised as fertile river deltas surrounded by deserts. Of these, the oasis surrounding the city of Balkh remains the least well archaeologically explored, in spite of the fact that it represents possibly the best preserved of similar hydrological systems. As new archaeological ground survey in the Balkh region remains challenging, the discussion here compares existing archaeological records and historical accounts of water management throughout the medieval and early modern period, combining them with evidence traced from high-resolution satellite imagery. The picture that emerges is a complex constellation of substantial settlements among agricultural lands beyond the core city, watered by tiers of divergent channels. Several key changes in the physical and political landscape necessitated the reorganisation of this hydrological network, and over time these shifts can be traced by contrasting the abandonment of some regions with the notable expansion of others.
Interdisciplinary Entanglements: A review of Rethinking Interdisciplinarity across the Social Sciences and Neurosciences, by Felicity Callard and Des Fitzgerald (2015): Palgrave Macmillan.
Authors: Irwin Rachel
Published: April 2018

No abstract available.
The Unbound Brain - A Thematic Introduction
Authors: Bengtsen Peter , Hansson Kristofer
Published: April 2018

No abstract available.
Everyday Imaginaries, Narratives and Strokes: An Ethnographic Exploration of Narratives among Stroke Patients and their Spouses
Authors: Andersen Michael Christian
Published: April 2018

That a stroke is a disruptive event in many people’s lives is no secret. That it also represents challenges to the communal construction of narratives between couples is less explored, and is the subject matter of this paper. With a narrative theoretical approach to ethnographic fieldwork conducted among couples where one partner has had a stroke, this article explores how everyday imaginaries are challenged when narratives are reassessed following a stroke. The paper suggests that sometimes the communal narratives are taken over by the part not directly afflicted by the stroke. Thus, when the non-afflicted spouse is in control of the narratives, they may be utilized as a way to monitor both the relationship as well as the brain of the spouse afflicted by the stroke.
Biophysical Investigations Elucidating the Mechanisms of Action of Antimicrobial Peptides and Their Synergism
Authors: Marquette Arnaud , Bechinger Burkhard
Published: April 2018

Biophysical and structural investigations are presented with a focus on the membrane lipid interactions of cationic linear antibiotic peptides such as magainin, PGLa, LL37, and melittin. Observations made with these peptides are distinct as seen from data obtained with the hydrophobic peptide alamethicin. The cationic amphipathic peptides predominantly adopt membrane alignments parallel to the bilayer surface; thus the distribution of polar and non-polar side chains of the amphipathic helices mirror the environmental changes at the membrane interface. Such a membrane partitioning of an amphipathic helix has been shown to cause considerable disruptions in the lipid packing arrangements, transient openings at low peptide concentration, and membrane disintegration at higher peptide-to-lipid ratios. The manifold supramolecular arrangements adopted by lipids and peptides are represented by the ‘soft membranes adapt and respond, also transiently’ (SMART) model. Whereas molecular dynamics simulations provide atomistic views on lipid membranes in the presence of antimicrobial peptides, the biophysical investigations reveal interesting details on a molecular and supramolecular level, and recent microscopic imaging experiments delineate interesting sequences of events when bacterial cells are exposed to such peptides. Finally, biophysical studies that aim to reveal the mechanisms of synergistic interactions of magainin 2 and PGLa are presented, including unpublished isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC), circular dichroism (CD) and dynamic light scattering (DLS) measurements that suggest that the peptides are involved in liposome agglutination by mediating intermembrane interactions. A number of structural events are presented in schematic models that relate to the antimicrobial and synergistic mechanism of amphipathic peptides when they are aligned parallel to the membrane surface.
Image Clustering with Optimization Algorithms and Color Space
Authors: Rahkar Farshi Taymaz , Demirci Recep , Feizi-Derakhshi Mohammad-Reza
Published: April 2018

In image clustering, it is desired that pixels assigned in the same class must be the same or similar. In other words, the homogeneity of a cluster must be high. In gray scale image segmentation, the specified goal is achieved by increasing the number of thresholds. However, the determination of multiple thresholds is a typical issue. Moreover, the conventional thresholding algorithms could not be used in color image segmentation. In this study, a new color image clustering algorithm with multilevel thresholding has been presented and, it has been shown how to use the multilevel thresholding techniques for color image clustering. Thus, initially, threshold selection techniques such as the Otsu and Kapur methods were employed for each color channel separately. The objective functions of both approaches have been integrated with the forest optimization algorithm (FOA) and particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. In the next stage, thresholds determined by optimization algorithms were used to divide color space into small cubes or prisms. Each sub-cube or prism created in the color space was evaluated as a cluster. As the volume of prisms affects the homogeneity of the clusters created, multiple thresholds were employed to reduce the sizes of the sub-cubes. The performance of the proposed method was tested with different images. It was observed that the results obtained were more efficient than conventional methods.
Pointwise Partial Information Decomposition Using the Specificity and Ambiguity Lattices
Authors: Finn Conor , Lizier Joseph
Published: April 2018

What are the distinct ways in which a set of predictor variables can provide information about a target variable? When does a variable provide unique information, when do variables share redundant information, and when do variables combine synergistically to provide complementary information? The redundancy lattice from the partial information decomposition of Williams and Beer provided a promising glimpse at the answer to these questions. However, this structure was constructed using a much criticised measure of redundant information, and despite sustained research, no completely satisfactory replacement measure has been proposed. In this paper, we take a different approach, applying the axiomatic derivation of the redundancy lattice to a single realisation from a set of discrete variables. To overcome the difficulty associated with signed pointwise mutual information, we apply this decomposition separately to the unsigned entropic components of pointwise mutual information which we refer to as the specificity and ambiguity. This yields a separate redundancy lattice for each component. Then based upon an operational interpretation of redundancy, we define measures of redundant specificity and ambiguity enabling us to evaluate the partial information atoms in each lattice. These atoms can be recombined to yield the sought-after multivariate information decomposition. We apply this framework to canonical examples from the literature and discuss the results and the various properties of the decomposition. In particular, the pointwise decomposition using specificity and ambiguity satisfies a chain rule over target variables, which provides new insights into the so-called two-bit-copy example.
Repetitive Control to Improve Users’ Thermal Comfort and Energy Efficiency in Buildings
Authors: Álvarez José Domingo , Costa-Castelló Ramon , Castilla María del Mar
Published: April 2018

The development of control systems to reach and maintain optimal thermal comfort inside buildings is a research topic which has received great attention in the last several years because people’s productivity is linked to their comfort. The main weakness of these control systems is that they do not take into account that people affect their own thermal comfort, since humans are heat sources that increase the temperature inside buildings. For this reason, people can be considered as disturbances to thermal comfort control systems. Usually, people follow a timetable along the week, so they enter and leave buildings at the same time every day. Taking this behavior into account can be very useful in improving people’s thermal comfort. In this paper, a repetitive control (RC) approach that makes use of this information to anticipate the effects of people on indoor temperature is presented. Besides that, the control system includes a proportional–integral (PI) controller in charge of counteracting the non-periodic disturbances. Simulation results obtained with this control system through a room simulator are presented in order to show its efficiency.
PV System Performance Evaluation by Clustering Production Data to Normal and Non-Normal Operation
Authors: Tsafarakis Odysseas , Sinapis Kostas , Van Sark Wilfried G. J. H. M.
Published: April 2018

The most common method for assessment of a photovoltaic (PV) system performance is by comparing its energy production to reference data (irradiance or neighboring PV system). Ideally, at normal operation, the compared sets of data tend to show a linear relationship. Deviations from this linearity are mainly due to malfunctions occurring in the PV system or data input anomalies: a significant number of measurements (named as outliers) may not fulfill this, and complicate a proper performance evaluation. In this paper a new data analysis method is introduced which allows to automatically distinguish the measurements that fit to a near-linear relationship from those which do not (outliers). Although it can be applied to any scatter-plot, where the sets of data tend to be linear, it is specifically used here for two different purposes in PV system monitoring: (1) to detect and exclude any data input anomalies; and (2) to detect and separate measurements where the PV system is functioning properly from the measurements characteristic for malfunctioning. Finally, the data analysis method is applied in four different cases, either with precise reference data (pyranometer and neighboring PV system) or with scattered reference data (in plane irradiance obtained from application of solar models on satellite observations).
Numerical Modeling of the Wave Energy Propagation in the Iberian Nearshore
Authors: Rusu Eugen
Published: April 2018

In the present work the wave energy propagation patterns in the western side of the Iberian nearshore were evaluated. This assessment takes into account the results provided by a wave modelling system based on spectral phase averaged wave models, which considers subsequent computational domains with increasing resolution towards the coast. The system was previously validated against both in situ measurements and remotely sensed data. Moreover, several data assimilation techniques were implemented as well. In this way, the reliability of the wave predictions was significantly increased. Although extended wave hindcasts have already been carried out close to the Iberian coast of the Atlantic Ocean, including wave energy assessments, they might not be completely accurate because of recent changes in the dynamics of the ocean and coastal wave climate. Thus, the present work considers wave nowcasts that correspond to the most recent and relevant wave energy propagation patterns in the targeted coastal environment. In order to perform this analysis, four different computational levels were considered. The first level corresponds to the sub oceanic domain and it is linked directly to the oceanic wave model, which is implemented over the entire North Atlantic Ocean. The second is related to the coarser computational domains of the coastal areas, while the third relates to the high-resolution domains. These three levels are defined as spherical coordinates (longitude, latitude). Finally, the last computational level includes some coastal areas which have the highest spatial resolution, defined considering the Cartesian coordinates. Moreover, for each level several computational domains have been considered. This work illustrates the most recent and significant wave transformation and energy propagation patterns corresponding to 18 computational domains with various resolutions in the western Iberian coastal environment.