bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE ROLE OF HERBAL IMMUNOMODULATORS AS ADJUVANT THERAPY FOR ASYMPTOMATIC AND MILDLY SYMPTOMATIC COVID-19: AN EXPLORATORY CLINICAL STUDY
Authors: CR JAYANTHI , HR AVINASH , SRIDHAR SWETHA , K AKILA , NAMBIAR SRUTHI , UV BABU , KUMAWAT RAJESH
Published: March 2022

Objectives: The objective of the study is to evaluate herbal immunomodulators (Septilin and Bresol) as a possible adjuvant therapy for the treatment of asymptomatic and mildly symptomatic COVID-19.
Methods: Randomized, open-label, comparative clinical study. Subjects were randomized to either arm I [Septilin and Bresol+standard of care (SOC)] or arm II (SOC). This study was registered on CTRI (CTRI/2020/06/025801).
Results: Subjects in arm I showed a greater reduction in levels of interleukin-6 tumor necrosis factor-α following treatment than in arm II. Subjects in arm I showed a greater increase in levels of interferon (IFN)-β and IFN-λ than those in arm II. There was a greater reduction in D-dimer in arm I than in arm II subjects (64.28% vs. 35.59%) and all arm I subjects had D-dimer values in the normal range compared to 70% of arm II subjects. There were statistically significant reduction in lactate dehydrogenase and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in arm I (p<0.016 and p<0.013, respectively). Clinical assessments during the post-illness convalescence period showed significant improvements in fatigue assessment scores and quality of life.
Conclusion: This herbal combination as an adjuvant to SOC may provide additional long-term benefits in COVID-19 infection by reducing inflammation. This treatment may offer a good addendum for the management of post-COVID-19 illness.
Del Atlántico al Pacífico. Hacia un nuevo orden global
Authors:   Instituto de Investigaciones Jurídicas, Oropeza García Arturo
Published: March 2022

"La nueva realidad económica y política que se abre progresivamente hacia Asia del Este y Asia Pacífico, sin olvidar el valor estratégico de Asia Menor y Asia Central, no dejan duda de la reasignación de activos en temas centrales como el crecimiento económico, crecimiento per cápita, fabricación de manufacturas, exportación de bienes, acumulación de reservas mundiales, contribución al crecimiento mundial, etc., que antes dominaban los países europeos y Estados Unidos, y ahora han pasado a ser liderados por Asia del Este y China. Estos cambios están generando una nueva realidad económica, al igual que un nuevo mestizaje económico, comercial, político y social de difícil predicción, al involucrar en su transformación no solo bienes y servicios económicos, sino por incluir en su intercambio a poderosas civilizaciones que comparten y compiten día a día. Para México y América Latina, hoy ausentes de este fenómeno histórico de traspaso económico y político entre países y entre regiones, se genera la responsabilidad de transformarse en actores y no testigos de este cambio. De acudir a la experiencia acumulada y alejarse del fácil recurso de la fascinación por el otro; del falso consuelo político de cambio de hegemón; de demostrar su mayoría de edad ejerciendo con madurez la defensa y promoción de sus posiciones nacionales y regionales, trascendiendo a la práctica ancestral de 500 años de tan solo vender materias primas, para entrar de lleno a la única puerta económica exitosa del siglo XXI, que es la de los servicios de la inteligencia. El traslado económico-político del Atlántico al Pacífico es un evento de la mayor importancia, que impacta de manera directa en la agenda pública y privada de todas las naciones de esta nueva sociedad global. En cualquiera de sus escenarios, sus efectos seguirán sintiéndose de manera directa en la vida económica, política y social de los diversos países, como ya sucede a la fecha."
Antimicrobial Potential of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles from Marine Macroalgae
Authors: Uvarajan Deenathayalan , Durairaj Brindha
Published: March 2022

Abstract: The current study evaluates the free antimicrobial and radical scavenging properties of zinc oxide nanoparticles(ZnONP’s) synthesized from an aqueous extract of Sargassum polycystum brown algae. The free radical scavenging potential of ZnO nanoparticles was evaluated through DPPH, Nitric oxide, Hydroxyl radical and Hydrogen peroxide scavenging assays. In addition to that, the antibacterial and antifungal activity of synthesized ZnO nanoparticles was examined against different species. The free radical scavenging and antimicrobial potential of these Sargassum polycystum ZnO nanoparticles were associated with their phenolic compounds. ZnO- NP’s DPPH radical reducing potential was found to be 12.45 ± 0.19μg/mL, Nitric oxide at 0.68±0.04 μg/ml, Hydrogen peroxide to be 0.39±0.01 μg/ml and Hydroxyl radical scavenging potential with 0.63±0.04 μg/ml. Furthermore, ZnO- NP’s antimicrobial efficacy showed significant results against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, Klebsiella pneumonia and fungal strains of A. niger Candida albicans. Further research is on purifying the selected phenolic compounds and developing their acuteness for specificity for ultimate pharmaceutical use. Keywords: Marine algae, ZnO nanoparticles, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity, Gulf of Mannar.
Activity Based Module for Training Engineering Undergraduates in Time Management
Authors: Rihan Prof. Jasleen , Deshpande Dr. Akanksha
Published: March 2022

Abstract: One’s success depends majorly on the ability to use their time effectively, be productive, & attain the desired goals. According to research, poor academic success by students in higher education contributing to their decrease professional performance is a result of poor time- management skills. Time- management is the ability to use the time at hand productively and efficiently to not just accomplish the daily tasks but also the larger goals in life. The authors of this paper attempt to dispense a robust activity-based design to train students in managing their time effectively. The objective is attained by providing an array of engrossing activities based on classical and conventional time management techniques. Keywords: Time –management, engrossing activities, professional performance, undergraduate students.
A Survey on Design of Pavement Blocks Made from Waste of Plastic, Glass & Aluminum Foil
Authors: Ghundare Shivam , Giri Shubham , Ingale Diguraj , Bolbhat Akshay , Patil Prof. Shreedhar
Published: March 2022

Abstract: The aim of the project is to recycle the plastic waste into a paver block and to reduce the cost of the paver block when compared to that of a convention concrete paver block. Plastic waste has become a major problem these days. As plastic is non bio degradable material it blocks drains, pollutes rivers and wreaks havoc on the environment. At present nearly 56lakhs tones of plastic waste is produced in India per year. As the degradation of the plastic waste is a very slow process so here is an idea of mixing sand into melted salvaged plastic to make a solid, durable material as a paving slab. Hence, we have a “eco-friendly” paving block. Unlike other processes of making porous blocks, which usually involve incineration to burn combustible materials in order to form pores with implication of high carbon emission, the proposed process is non-destructive in that the blocks are merely baked at low temperature, sufficient to melt the waste plastic that gets diffused within the body of the blocks. The compressive strengths after addition of waste plastic are same as normal block strength. And also reduce the water absorption capacity of block is reduced compare with nominal block. Efflorescence values were low than the normal block. The blocks are likely to add energy efficiency in buildings and help create economic value to manufacturers, thereby, encouraging the ecosystem of plastic waste management involving all actors in the value chain. A mathematical model is developed to predict compressive strength of blocks at varying plastic contents. The study introduces a new strand of research on sustainable thermoplastic waste management. Keywords: Plastic waste, plastic pavement block, eco-friendly paver block, aluminum foil, glass waste
Pengendalian Pemanfaatan Tata Ruang dalam Sistem Zonasi Pembangunan Hotel Melalui Perijinan Kabupaten Badung
Authors: Alda Vidia Vergionita  , Sugiartha I Nyoman Gede , Widiati Ida Ayu Putu
Published: March 2022

The building structure states the existence of a sacred area in each of these hotels and villas. After being investigated and plugged into the direct location, there are indeed, however, the sacred area seems very far from the reach of the community and very close to the swimming pool. Because of a permit that can be violated issuing and grating permits in the construction of hotels and villas in the education area. From this problem, the formulation of the problem that occurs is how effective is the application of sanctions for violators of the use of Spatial Planning in hotel development in the Badung regency? What are the obstacles in implementing spatial zoning through the construction of licensed hotels in the Badung Regency? The type of research used in this research is empirical juridical research, considering that this research uses data or facts that exist in the field and is studied based on laws and regulations related to the issues raised. The results of this study indicate that the responsibility for laying spatial layouts is detrimental to the community in the district where the area is used as a means for education, not a means of tourism and the like.
Peran Lembaga Pemasyarakatan dalam Memenuhi Hak Narapidana Perempuan Hamil dan Pasca Melahirkan (Studi di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Perempuan Kelas II A Kerobokan)
Authors: Desy Kristiani Rahma Putri  , Dewi Anak Agung Sagung Laksmi , Ujianti Ni Made Puspasutari
Published: March 2022

The correctional system is a coaching effort carried out in correctional institutions in Indonesia, the guidance is intended for inmates who commit criminal acts and are sentenced to prison. In the coaching process, the inmates are protected and nurtured by correctional officers and their rights are protected as citizens. The purposes of this study are to reveal the rights of pregnant and postnatal female prisoners in the correctional facility as well as the implementation of granting the rights of pregnant and postnatal women inmates to women's prisons class II A Kerobokan. The research method used is empirical legal research with a sociological juridical approach. The technique of collecting legal materials is obtained directly through respondents or sources. Primary and secondary sources of legal materials were analyzed using descriptive analysis techniques. This study concludes that prisons have an important role in protecting and fulfilling the rights of prisoners themselves, especially pregnant and postpartum women, the protection of these rights is intended so that they receive humane treatment in prisons.
Perlindungan Hukum terhadap Korban Toxic Relationship di Kalangan Remaja
Authors: Ni Luh Wiweka Widyastuti  , Styawati Ni Komang Arini , Wirawan Ketut Adi
Published: March 2022

Saat ini marak terjadi kasus toxic relationship atau hubungan beracun yang sebagian besar korban merupakan kalangan remaja. Pemerintah Indonesia juga belum mengatur secara khusus tentang toxic relationship, namun terdapat beberapa aturan yang terkait dengan toxic relationship. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaturan terhadap pelaku toxic relationship (hubungan beracun) di kalangan remaja serta bentuk perlindungan hukum terhadap korban toxic relationship (hubungan beracun) di kalangan remaja. Metode penelitian hukum ini bersifat normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan konseptual. Sumber hukum yang digunakan berupa sumber hukum primer dan sekunder. Teknik pengumpulan bahan hukum yang dipergunakan dengan menggunakan teknik studi kepustakaan, selanjutnya dianalisis menggunakan teknik argumentasi dan interpretasi. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa pemberian perlindungan hukum bagi korban toxic relationship (hubungan beracun) bertujuan untuk memberikan suatu keadilan kepada pihak korban. Kemudian dalam hal tersebut perlu diperhatikan kesesuaian pengenaan sanksi terhadap pelaku serta perlindungan saksi dan korban.
Kebijakan Hukum Pidana terhadap Anak sebagai Pelaku Tindak Pidana Pembunuhan
Authors: I Kadek Bagas Dwipayana  , Widyantara I Made Minggu , Suryani Luh Putu
Published: March 2022

Pengaruh teknologi sangat merusak kehiupan anak jika tidak mampu menggunakan dengan benar. Berbagai tontonan di televisi merusak mental anak. Kurangnya pengawasan orang tua maupun yang lainnya menjadi faktor pendorong bagi anak untuk melakukan tindakan kriminal. Pembunuhan merupakan tindak pidana dengan menghilangkan nyawa orang lain. Pelaku tindak pidana pembunuhan masih kategori anak, maka pengaturannya sangat khusus melalui sistem peradilan anak menjadi pertimbangan khusus. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji pengaturan hukum pidana terhadap tindak pidana pembunuhan dan menelaah kebijakan hukum pidana terhadap anak sebagai pelaku pidana dimasa yang akan datang. Penelitian ini, menggunakan hukum normative, dengan pendekatan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan konseptual. Sumber data yang digunakan adalah data hukum primer dan sekunder yang dikumpulkan dengan cara pencatatan. Setelah data terkumpulkan, selanjutnya dianalisis secara kualitatif deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bentuk kesalahan tindak pidana menghilangkan nyawa orang lain ini dapat berupa sengaja (dolus) dan tidak sengaja (alpa). Pengaturannya diatur dalam KUHP Pasal 338 sampai dengan Pasal 350 KUHP. Kebijakan hukum pidana terhadap anak sebagai pelaku tindak pidana diatur dengan sistem peradilan pidana anak dengan mengedepankan keadilan restorative melalui kebijakan penal dan kebijakan non penal
Efektivitas Penerapan Asas Itikad Baik pada Transaksi Jual Beli Hasil Bumi di Desa Sidetapa Kabupaten Buleleng
Authors: Swandewi Putu Linda Juli , Budiartha I Nyoman , Ujianti Ni Made Puspasutari
Published: March 2022

The village of Sidetapa uses an oral agreement system in selling its produce which is only based on good faith. The factor that causes people to still use oral agreements is the low level of education and habits so that it can cause problems that will occur in the future due to the absence of a written agreement. The purposes of this study are to determine the application of the principle of good faith in the sale and purchase of agricultural products in Sidetapa Village, Buleleng Regency as well as legal liability for default in the sale and purchase transactions of agricultural products that are not in good faith. The research method in this is an empirical research method with a sociological approach. The data sources used are primary and secondary legal sources. Data collection techniques were carried out by observation, interviews and literature study which were then presented in qualitative form. The results of the study reveal that every agreement must be based on good faith as in the sale and purchase agreement of agricultural products in Sidetapa Village. This agreement system is effective because it is quite simple and easy to implement. This verbal agreement does not rule out the possibility that someone does not default, if there is a default in buying and selling in the village of Sidetapa, the settlement is in a familial way.
Kebijakan Tata Kelola Limbah Rumah Tangga, dalam Rangka Pencegahan Pencemaran Lingkungan (Studi Kasus di Lingkungan Kelurahan Pedungan Kecamatan Denpasar Selatan Kota Denpasar)
Authors: Budiarta Pande Nyoman Jaya , Budiartha . I Nyoman Putu , Sugiartha I Nyoman Gede
Published: March 2022

The increase in the total population is in line with the increase in the total waste created. Garbage is the main problem observed through the development of the total population, so that policies are needed to overcome this, one of which is the policy of managing household waste. The purposes of this study are to reveal the policy of the Head of Pedungan Village in managing household waste in Pedungan Village and the application of Denpasar Mayor Regulation No. 11 of 2016 concerning procedures for processing and disposing of waste in Denpasar City, especially in Pedungan Village. The method in this research is empirical law which approaches facts, cases, as well as sociological, conceptual and statutory approaches. The technique of collecting legal materials is obtained directly through respondents through interviews. Sources of legal materials used are primary and secondary, then analyzed descriptively qualitatively. The findings indicate that in the Denpasar City area, especially in the Pedungan Village area, it has been implemented related to managing household waste that prevents environmental pollution through the issuance of policies related to the Decree of the Head of the Pedungan Village Number: 660/04/I/2019 concerning the Management Structure of the Asri Waste Bank in the Kelurahan. shelter. The implementation of this policy needs to be improved because public knowledge and awareness is still low on household waste management
Pelaksanaan Perlindungan Terhadap Pekerja Anak Pada Usaha Asongan di Pasar Senggol Tabanan
Authors: Pratiwi Ni Luh Putu Yosi , Dewi Anak Agung Sagung Laksmi , Karma Ni Made Sukaryati
Published: March 2022

Legal protection for children carried out in the Sengol market is based on the presence of children who work to meet the economic needs of the family which is quite difficult or because of other factors. A legal protection is the right for everyone, including children who have done work due to certain factors. However, at present the protection of child labor does not receive effective attention. Based on these problems, the purposes of this study are to reveal the implementation of legal protection for child labor in the hawker business in the Senggol Tabanan market and the inhibiting factors for the implementation of the legal protection for child labor in the hawker business in the Senggol Tabanan market. This research method is an empirical legal research with a case and legislation approach. Data collection techniques were carried out by observation and library techniques. The data sources used are primary and secondary legal sources which are then analyzed qualitatively and then the data is presented descriptively and systematically. The findings reveal that the legal protection intended for child labor in the Senggol Tabanan market is not effective in its implementation due to economic factors that are the reason the child has to work, as well as weak coordination and poor cooperation between related parties such as entrepreneurs, people parents, society, government, as well as internal factors that hinder the legal protection of child labor originating from child labor itself and external factors originating from structural, substance, and cultural factors.
Penghapusan Kekerasan Seksual malam Melindungi Korban Pelecehan Seksual Secara Verbal (Catcalling) di Indonesia
Authors: Dewi Anak Agung Ayu Wulan Pramesti Puja , Dewi Anak Agung Sagung Laksmi , Suryani Luh Putu
Published: March 2022

Catcalling is a type of verbal sexual harassment in public spaces that often occurs without the victim realizing it. The lack of clarity on the legal basis for handling catcalling in the settlement of cases has resulted in victims being afraid to report to the authorities. The purposes of this study are to analyze the legal regulation of sexual violence in protecting victims of verbal sexual harassment in Indonesia and the form of eliminating sexual violence in protecting victims of verbal sexual harassment (catcalling). This research method is normative legal research with a statutory approach, a conceptual approach, and a case approach. The technique of collecting legal materials used in this paper is through documentation study techniques. The sources of law used are primary, secondary, and tertiary sources of law. After the data is collected, then it is analyzed systematically. The results of the study reveal that there is no statutory regulation that explicitly regulates catcalling. However, catcalling can be classified as a criminal act because it has fulfilled the elements, principles of criminal law, and the values ​​contained in Article 218 of the Criminal Code and Article 9 in conjunction with Article 35 of Law Number 44 of 2008 concerning pornography. The form of eliminating sexual violence in protecting victims of catcalling requires a special legal policy that contains the formulation of morals, basic values ​​and theories that are correlated with legal policies.
Perlindungan Hukum terhadap Mantan Narapidana dalam Perspektif Undang-undang Ketenagakerjaan
Authors: Putra I Made Deni Pramudya Adi , Dewi Anak Agung Sagung Laksmi , Arthanaya I Wayan
Published: March 2022

An former convict is very difficult to get a job. Many companies and jobs are very difficult to accept an ex-convict because an ex-convict must have a bad view or discrimination from society. The purposes of this research are to reveal the right of former convicts to get a job when viewed from the Manpower Act No. 13 of 2003 and the legal protection of former convicts who are discriminated against to get a job. The method used in this research is normative legal research with a statutory approach and a conceptual approach. The collection technique was carried out using library techniques. The sources of legal materials used are primary and secondary sources of legal materials which are analyzed qualitatively and presented in descriptive form. The research findings reveal that the provisions of Articles 5 and 6 of Law Number 13 of 2003 concerning Manpower imply that everyone, including a former convict, has the right to opportunity and is treated fairly in the eyes of the law and society without any act of discrimination. Forms of legal protection are direct or indirect and can be in the form of preventive and repressive legal protection. The perpetrators who commit acts of discrimination are charged with criminal sanctions as regulated in Article 156 of the Criminal Code.
Relevansi Sanksi Pidana dalam Penegakan Hukum Protokol Kesehatan pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Sari Ni Putu Ayu Mia Paramartha , Dewi Anak Agung Sagung Laksmi , Widyantara I Made Minggu
Published: March 2022

There is a void in norms related to regulations governing violations of the COVID-19 health protocol as a crime, so it is appropriate to use criminal sanctions because this is an issue that must be clarified. The purposes of this study are to analyze legal arrangements for law enforcement of health protocols during the Covid-19 pandemic and regarding criminal sanctions in law enforcement of health protocols during the Covid-19 pandemic. This study uses normative legal research, using a statutory approach, a historical approach, and a conceptual approach. The sources of legal materials used by the author are primary and secondary legal materials using library techniques. The analysis technique was carried out qualitatively and presented in descriptive form. The findings reveal that the regulation of violations of the COVId-19 health protocol can be classified as an administrative crime based on administrative criminal law terminology, but in principle the legality of violating the COVID-19 health protocol does not have a clear legal basis because its enforcement is still using Article 212, 216, and 218 of the Criminal Code, Article 93 of the UU Law and Article 14 of the Infectious Disease Outbreak Law. In addition to this, the criminal sanctions contained in the legal rules which are considered to cover law enforcement for violations of the COVID-19 health protocol do not fully meet the elements of the ideal sentencing goal.
MINAT MAHASISWA AKUNTANSI UNTRIM SEBAGAI PENGGUNA E-WALLET DENGAN MEMPERTIMBANGKAN PERSEPSI KEMANFAATAN, PERSEPSI KEMUDAHAN, DAN PERSEPSI KEPERCAYAAN
Authors: Afolo Salepa Celik Misrami , Dewi Ni Nyoman Sri Rahayu Trisna
Published: March 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Pengaruh Persepsi Kemanfaatan (X1), Persepsi Kemudahan (X2),  dan Persepsi Kepercayaan (X3), Terhadap Minat Mahasiswa Akuntansi Untrim sebagai Pengguna E-wallet (Y). Penelitian ini, menggunakan metode penelitian kuantitatif dengan jenis penelitian asosiatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini yaitu mahasiswa Program Studi Akuntansi di Universitas Triatma Mulya angkatan 2017, 2018, dan 2019. Sampel diambil menggunakan metode purposive sampling dengan jumlah sampel 74 responden. Pada masa pandemi Covid-19 yang mana sesuai dengan kebijakan pemerintah, bahwa kegiatan pembelajaran dilaksanakan secara online, maka pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan kuesioner online melalui google form dan pengukurannya menggunakan skala likert. Dan metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah Uji Kualitas Data, Uji Asumsi Klasik, Analisis Regresi Berganda, Uji F (Kelayakan Model), dan Uji t. Hasil penelitian yang didapat dari analisis data menunjukan bahwa Persepsi Kemanfaatan, Persepsi Kemudahan, dan Persepsi Kepercayaan secara parsial berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap Minat Pengguna E-wallet.
PENGARUH KOMPETENSI BAHASA INGGRIS TERHADAP KINERJA PEGAWAI
Authors: Putu Shinta Novianty  , Eka Ayu Purnama Lestari  , Komang Trisnadewi
Published: March 2022

Banyak pendapat yang mengatakan bahwa kompetensi Bahasa Inggris menjadi modal dasar bagi SDM yang berkualitas. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui seberapa besar pengaruh kompetensi Bahasa Inggris terhadap kinerja pegawai. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dnegan pendekatan kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Subjek penelitian adalah para alumni STMIK STIKOM Indonesia yang sudah bekerja dengan ruang lingkup di bidang TI. Beberapa tahapan yang dilakukan pada penelitian ini mencakup perencanaan, pengumpulan data, analisis data, serta penyajian data.  Perencanaan dilakukan dengan merumuskan pertanyaan dalam bentuk kuesioner. Selanjutnya pada tahapan pengumpulan data, kuesioner tersebut disebar melalui online kepada alumni STMIK STIKOM. Data yang telah diperoleh berupa jawaban kuesioner kemudia dianalisis. Proses analisis melalui beberpa tahpan mencakup membaca secara keseluruhan, mengelompokkan, kemudian meberikan penjelasan. Tahapan terakhir adalah menyajikannya dalam bentuk laporan. Hasilnya, kompetensi Bahasa Inggris memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terdahap kinerja pegawai. Hal ini mengindikasikan bahwa pengaruh kompetensi terhadap kinerja pegawai adalah sebesar 67.0 %. Terkait kompetensi Bahasa, menyimak merupakan ketrampilan yang paling sering digunakan oleh pegawai bidang Teknologi Informasi.
Kajian Yuridis Mengenai Kekuatan dan Kepastian Hukum Sertipikat Hak Tanggungan Terhadap Musnahnya Objek Karena Force Majeure
Authors: Dewi Ni Made Trisna
Published: March 2022

Hak Tanggungan adalah Hak Jaminan yang dibebankan pada hak atas tanah.Hak tanggungan digunakan untuk pengikatan jaminan berupa tanah dengan menggunakan akta yang dibuat oleh Pejabat Pembuat Akta Tanah.Dalam perjanjian Pasal 18 Undang-Undang Hak Tanggungan tidak mengatur mengenai hapusnya Hak Tanggungan dikarenakan tanahya hilang dikarenakan bencana alam atau force majeure. Berdasarkan hal tersebut maka penulis mengemukakan rumusan masalah yakni, pertama, Bagaimanakah kekuatan hukum sertipikat hak tanggungan terhadap musnahnya objek karena force majeure dan kedua, Bagaimanakah kepastian hukum pada saat eksekusi sertipikat hak tanggungan terhadap musnahnya objek karena force majeure. Penelitian ini menggunakan tipe penelitian hukum normatif yaitu mengkaji dan menganalisa bahan-bahan serta isue-isue hukum. Beranjak dari kekosongan norma dalam Undang-undang Hak Tanggungan terkait jaminan hutang yang telah diberikan Hak Tanggungan kepada kreditur mengingat tanah dari debitur telah musnah karena bencana alam atau force majeure Kekuatan hukum mengenai sertipikat hak tanggungan terhadap Pasal 1245 KUHPerdata dalam hal musnahnya objek karena bencana alam tidak memiliki kekuatan keberlakuan secara normatif tetapi tidak mengakibatkan hilangnya kewajiban debitur untuk melunasi kewajibanya kepada kreditur, berdasarkan asas pacta sun servanda. Kebijakan yang memberikan kepastian bagi pihak kreditur sebagai posisi yang diistimewakan dalam hal hutang piutang yaitu dengan cara tindakan represif mengadakan perjanjian asuransi kredit yang memiliki nilai jaminan tambahan dan tindakan preventif dengan membuat grosse akta dengan kekuatan hukum eksekutorial.
Peluang dan Tantangan dalam Interpreting Kontemporer di Program Studi Sastra Indonesia, Sastra Inggris, Sastra Prancis Universitas Haluoleo
Authors: Neil Amstrong  , Indah Permata Sari
Published: March 2022

Peluang dan Tantangan dalam Interpreting Kontemporer di Program Studi Sastra Indonesia, Sastra Inggris, Sastra Prancis Universitas Haluoleo
A New Global Regulation on Public Health – Is the World Ready for A Second Treaty?
Authors: Budiartha I Nyoman Putu , Mohamad Rahmat
Published: March 2022

The World Health Organization (WHO) declared novel coronavirus (COVID-19) as a worldwide pandemic that has caused in high number of deaths in many countries and across national boundaries. In its early stage, governments all over the world have decided to implement lockdowns and closing of national border as ad hoc measures to slow down the drastic increase of the widespread of Covid-19. The United Nations through the UN General Assembly at its 74th session adopted Resolution on Global solidarity to fight COVID-19 recognized that this pandemic requires a global response based on unity, solidarity and renewed multilateral cooperation. The UN General Assembly passed under resolution on international cooperation to ensure global access to medicines, vaccines and medical equipment to face Covid-19 pandemic. This article is divided into three parts; the background of the current health security regulatory system under the International Health Regulations (IHR) 2005; the pursuance of pandemic treaty sponsored by WHO and 26 countries from Europe, Latin America and Asia and its justifications and the challenges ahead in resolving world pandemic regulatory system. The IHR aims for international collaboration "to prevent, protect against, control, and provide a public health response to the international spread of disease in ways that are commensurate with and restricted to public health risks and that avoid unnecessary interference with international traffic and trade”. There is a need to design a compulsory mechanism for alert to act much earlier and the alert system must be a build in compulsory mechanism. The compliance can only be made possible through the availability of coordination platform between WHO and other international organization like IMO, WTO and ICAO. Thirdly, United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) must play the vital role in giving the mandate to WHO to implement the coordination with other international organization. Hence, member states must therefore, give their political commitment in ensuring the successful coordination with other international agencies.
Features of the Procedure for Making Amendments and Additions to the Constitutions of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS )
Authors:   Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Mandrychenko O.A.
Published: March 2022

Comparative-legal analysis of the procedure for making amendments and additions to the constitutions of the CIS countries is drawn. Special features inherent in the procedure for changing the constitution are identified. Proposals to improve the procedure for changing the constitution are formulated.
Digital Transformation of Public Administration
Authors:   Orenburg State University, Samorukov A.A.
Published: March 2022

The strategic direction in the field of public administration digital transformation is determined. Problems, challenges and risks of public administration digital transformation are outlined. Public administration digital transformation projects are considered.
A Model for Minimizing Barriers in Intercultural Communication
Authors:   Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Ten Yu.P.
Published: March 2022

An original model of minimizing barriers in intercultural communication is proposed. The author analyzes a systematic solution to the problem of achieving mutual understanding by subjects of interaction in a contradictory global world and as a basis for strategic modeling of effective communication in the field of international communication.
Pola Pengadaan Obat di 4 Apotek Jaringan Wilayah Bumi Serpong Damai (BSD) Tangerang Selatan
Authors: Ismaya Nurwulan Adi , Pratiwi Rita Dwi , Sari Indah Fenita Purnama , Aulia Gina , Sumarwati Sumarwati
Published: March 2022

Pharmacies are an inseparable part of the drug distribution chain until it reaches the patient. However, patients often hear complaints about the availability of drugs in pharmacies because sometimes there are drug shortage. The aim of this study was to identify the drug procurement pattern in four network pharmacies in the Bumi Serpong Damai (BSD) area in 2019. A retrospective study of four network pharmacies in the Bumi Serpong Peace (BSD) area of South Tangerang was carried out. A total of 8,959 samples were obtained by census from procurement documents of all drugs sold beginning in 2019. (A, B, C, and D pharmacies). The ABC and VEN methods were used in this study. The information gathered includes the name of the drug, the unit, the manufacturer's name, the creditor's name, and the amount and selling price. During 2019, four pharmacies had a total of 2,876 medicinal items of pharmacy A, 1,918 medicinal items of pharmacy B, 1,939 medicinal items of pharmacy C, and 2,226 medicinal items of pharmacy D, with a total drug expenditure of pharmacy A Rp.2,649,438;pharmacy B Rp.683,389,661; pharmacy C Rp. 881,540,329; and pharmacy D Rp. 1,245,520,143. Based on the findings of the study, it is possible to conclude that the four pharmacies have the most drugs in the essential category based on the VEN analysis. However, based on the Pareto ABC analysis, there are still many drugs in four network pharmacies in the BSD Region that fall into the Pareto C category, necessitating further investigation of the procurement.
Bioefficacy of plant oils applied through wooden cube impregnation against pulse beetle, Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) in green gram
Authors:   Department of Entomology, ANGRAU - Post Harvest Technology Centre, Bapatla-522 101, India, Swamy S.V.S.G. , Wesley B.J. ,   Department of Food Processing and Agricultural Engineering, ANGRAU - Post Harvest Technology Centre, Bapatla-522 101, India
Published: March 2022

Aim: To assess the bioefficacy of plant oils against pulse beetle, Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) in green gram through wooden cube impregnation. Methodology: Bioefficacy of plant oils viz; clove, sweet flag, eucalyptus, orange, cedar wood and neem at two doses, i.e., 0.5 ml and 1.0 ml dispensed through a small wooden cube was assessed against the pulse beetle in green gram. The oils except neem are essential oils. A wooden cube impregnated with plant oil was placed over the grain surface and ten pairs of adult insects were released into each treatment. Data on oviposition, adult emergence and grain damage was recorded in each treatment. Insect mortality due to fumigant effect of plant oil at 0.5 ml per cube was also observed. Results: There was no oviposition by pulse beetles in clove, sweet flag, and eucalyptus oil treatments at 0.5 ml against the untreated control which recorded 14 eggs/100 grains. Consequently, no population buildup was observed in clove, sweet flag, eucalyptus and orange oil treatments after 120 days. A total of 2313.33 adults emerged from the untreated green gram inflicting 46.67 percent grain damage. In fumigant toxicity test, hundred per cent mortality of pulse beetle adults was observed with orange oil in 48 hr of treatment and with eucalyptus oil in 72 hr at 0.5 ml. The results indicated that the plant oils showed strong oviposition deterrence as well as insecticidal activity against the pulse beetle. Thus, application of essential oils through a wooden cube was found highly effective to keep away the pulse beetles. Interpretation: Essential oils of clove, sweet flag, eucalyptus and orange when applied through wooden cube impregnation at a dose as low as 0.5 ml showed strong oviposition deterrence and insecticidal activity against pulse beetle. The insecticidal activity of oils can be attributed to the fumigant action and can be used effectively to prevent pulse beetle infestation in grain legumes.
Standardization of seed, rootstock and plant standards of lasoda (Cordia myxa L.) for commercial orcharding in India
Authors:   Division of Crop Improvement, ICAR- Central Institute for Arid Horticulture, Bikaner-334 006, India, Kumar K. , Sarolia D.K. ,   Division of Crop Production, ICAR- Central Institute for Arid Horticulture, Bikaner-334 006, India, Saroj P.L. ,   ICAR- Central Institute for Arid Horticulture, Bikaner-334 006, India, Samadia D.K. ,   Post Harvest Technology & Transfer of Technology, ICAR- Central Institute for Arid Horticulture, Bikaner-334 006, India, Singh D. ,   Division of Crop Improvement, ICAR- Central Institute for Arid Horticulture, Bikaner-334 006, India
Published: March 2022

Aim: The present study was conducted to develop the planting material standards of lasoda cultivar ‘Thar Bold’ for commercial orcharding in India. Methodology: The ripe fruits at pink colour appearance from mother tree of lasoda ‘Thar Bold’ were collected from Experimental Block-I after 75+5 days after fruit set during last week of May- first week of June months for raising of seedlings. Fruits and seeds were categorized based on size and weight and accordingly seeds sown in field bed and root trainers. At two true leaf stage, the seedlings were shifted in polybags for working out seed and rootstock standards. Further, to develop the planting material standards, the scion buds of current season’s growth were collected and budded during third week of May, June and July. The standards were prepared on the basis of all possible traits of the interest. Results: Under the present study, planting material standards of lasoda were developed with following prerequisites: ripened fresh fruits should have diameter > 1.5 cm and fruit weight > 6 g with seed germination > 60 %; buddable seedlings/ rootstock of 9-12 months should have about 35-40 cm height and 0.8-1.0 cm girth; budding should be done during May-June months; at 90 days of budding, plants with sprouts length ≥ 50 cm and diameter ≥ 0.5 cm should be good for field planting in the same season. Interpretation: The developed standards of lasoda would be highly useful for conservation of elite type and large scale multiplication of quality planting material for commercial orcharding in the country.
Antibacterial activity of siderophores from marine actinobacteria against Gram negative bacterial pathogens
Authors:   Centre for Drug Discovery and Development, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology (Deemed to be University), Chennai-600 119, India, Ayswarya S. , Manigundan K. ,   Centre for Drug Discovery and Development, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology (Deemed to be University), Chennai-600 119, India, Vijayalakshmi G. ,   Centre for Drug Discovery and Development, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology (Deemed to be University), Chennai-600 119, India, Radhakrishnan M. ,   Centre for Drug Discovery and Development, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology (Deemed to be University), Chennai-600 119, India
Published: March 2022

Aim: To study the siderophore production and antibacterial activity of actinobacteria isolated from mangrove plants and sediments. Methodology: In the present study, 112 actinobacterial strains were recovered from mangrove rhizosphere sediments and plants collected from Andaman Islands and mangrove zones at Vellar estuary, Parangipettai, South India. All the strains were screened for antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Aeromonas hydrophila, Providencia stuartii, Salmonella paratyphi and Klebsiella pneumoniae and also studied for siderophore production. Results: In total, 13 actinobacterial strains showed broad spectrum of activity against all the five Gram negative bacterial pathogens tested with zone of inhibition ranging between 9.2 to 18.7 mm. In CAS assay,14 actinobacterial strains were found to produce siderophore. Among them, strain MEA 11 was found to produce 88% siderophore in iron free succinate broth. Results of CAS plate assay and FeCl3 test revealed that the siderophore produced by the strain MEA11 as hydroxamate type. In optimization study, variables such as glucose (17.7±0.9 and 17.7±0.3), malt extract (14.7±0.9 and 15.0±0.6) and MgSO4 (12.0±0.6 and 12.3±0.3) were found to influence siderophore production and antimicrobial activity. Further, this multi potentialstrain MEA 11 was characterized and identified as Streptomyces tendae. Interpretation: These results revealed that the marine ecosystem of Andaman coastal area and Parangipettai region harbored a rich consortium of many bioactive actinobacteria, which could synthesize novel bioactive compounds of pharmacological significance.
Modulation of testicular activity in Indian stinging catfish Heteropneustes fossilis under acute exposure to 4-Nonylphenol
Authors:   Department of Zoology, MMV, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221 005, India, Suman MS. , Chaube R. ,   Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221 005, India, Gautam G.J. ,   Department of Zoology, MMV, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221 005, India
Published: March 2022

Aim: To evaluate the impact of nonylphenol on the modulation of testicular activity of catfish Heteropneustes fossilis as well as its impact on haematological and antioxidative parameters simultaneously. Methodology: Sexually matured male catfish were divided into three sub groups: first group as control, second as vehicle control and third group exposed to 80 µg l-1 4-Nonylphenol (4-NP) for 21 days. After 21 days, testis and blood were collected for assessment of histology, haematology, oxidative stress and steroid hormone profile. Results: Present study showed that 4-Nonylphenol elicited significant effect on the testicular activity by decreasing RBC and WBC count, causing alterations in RBC morphology and induction of micronucleus in RBC of catfish. Further exposure decreased CAT (F = 34.88; P>0.001), SOD (F = 246.87; P < 0.001), GPX (F = 948.88; P < 0.001), and increased H2O2 (F = 1813.71; P < 0.001) and LPO (F = 105651; P>0.001) activities in the testis. There was significant decrease in GSI compared to control group. Histopathology of testis showed abnormalities in the testicular architecture. Estradiol-17β level significantly increased showing 4-NP as estrogenic compound also the testosterone and progesterone levels significantly decreased (F Steroids = 590.61; F Dose = 37.376; F Steroids X Dose = 142.606; P < 0.001). Interpretation: Nonylphenol exposure resulted in the impairment of male reproductive system of catfish by modulating its activity at multiple levels and also induced cytotoxicity in blood.
Notes from Underground in the Christian Anthropology of Justin Popovićin the Christian Anthropology of Justin Popović
Authors:   A.M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Aristova Anastasiya S.
Published: March 2022

The article analyzes the value of Notes from Underground for Christian anthropology of the Serbian theologian Justin Popović. He considers the hero of Notes from the Underground as the genealogical predecessor of Dostoevsky’s negative characters: Raskolnikov, Kirillov, the Grand Inquisitor, Ivan Karamazov, who develop, experience and theoretically deepen the discoveries of the underground hero, the main ones of which are as follows: 1) consciousness is a disease, the human mind is too weak and limited to comprehend the tragedy of the problems of the universe; 2) human individuality is depersonalized by the forces of nature, science, civilization, a rebellion against them is natural; 3) salvation of the individuality of a personality is in the will, “unlimited desire”. The anthropological similarity of all negative characters, according to J. Popović, consists in their “intellectual kinship and intimate friendly relations with the devil”, who is “the first critic of God’s creation”. Penetrating into a person’s thoughts, by means of logically harmonious arguments, he convinces him of the rationality and naturalness of sin and, using the human mind as his medium, does evil in the world, while antiheroes, without knowing it, embody in their words and actions not their own, but devilish will, turning life into devilodicy. The main discovery of Dostoevsky, according to J. Popović, is that he discovered “the method of the devil’s activity in the field of life”, showing “the metaphysical root of evil, which lies outside the human senses”. The article also reveals the influence of patristic literature and the works of Father Pavel Florensky on the anthropology of J. Popović.
Critique from the Underground: Interpretation of Dostoevsky’s Novels and the Concept of Mimetic Desire in Rene Girard’s theory
Authors:   University of Lille, Aude Nicolas
Published: March 2022

The article aims to study conceptual metaphor of the “underground” in Rene Girard’s mimetic theory. French literary theorist and anthropologist began to mention the dostoevskian topography developed in Notes from Underground (1864) within his first book Deceit, Desire and the Novel (1961), where he started to shape his views on triangular desire. A study of Dostoevsky’s reception in the works of Girard allows emphasizing the significance of literary works in the very process of theoretical thinking of Girard, even though his books quickly went beyond the framework of traditional literary criticism. The ancient Greek tragedies and novels of Dostoevsky gave Girard an opportunity to argue with Sigmund Freud’s theses, redefine the Oedipus complex model and propose a new hierarchy between fiction and theory in the field of humanities. In his monograph on Dostoevsky published in 1963, Girard himself becomes a true novelist. While he composes a biographical legend, the French critic turns the Russian writer into a literary hero who has been healed of romantic illusions about desire.
“Unknown” Dostoevsky: German Reception of the Russian Writer in the Late 19th – Early 20th Century, on the Basis of Prefaces to Notes from Underground
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities, Kopcha Nataliya A.
Published: March 2022

At the turn of the XXth century German reception of Dostoevsky transforms from naturalistic to neoromantic. The change started with translations of Notes from Underground. The novel went unknown due to its existential themes, which contradicted the traditions of photographic naturalism and rationalism. The insufficiently explored prefaces to Notes allow to identify new aspects of perception of the Russian writer and his work in Germany, as well as to trace the dynamics of its development.
From Revolution to Neurosis: the Reception of F.M. Dostoevsky’s novel Notes from Underground within Serbian Literary Criticism
Authors:   University of Belgrade, Popović Tanja М.
Published: March 2022

This study investigates interpretations of Eastern and Western themes and ideologies in the novel Notes from Underground by F.M. Dostoevsky. Particular attention is paid to the opposite readings of Dostoevsky in the works of Serbian philologists and philosophers: the Russian literature professor M. Babović, a supporter of socialist realism, and the philosopher N. Milošević, a supporter of Russian theological criticism and Western psychoanalysis. M. Babović regarded Dostoevsky as a writer of revolution, a defender of the poor, humiliated and insulted, proclaiming him the leader of “socialist realism” or “critical realism” and the prophet of Bolshevism in Russia. N. Milošević thought that “Notes from Underground’’ was the most significant work of F.M. Dostoevsky, and the best novel in the world, which represents the first radical artistic expression of anthropological pessimism in literature.