bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact on Hydrological Alteration due to Climate Change in Seti Watershed
Authors: Baral Kushal , Pandey Vishnu Prasad , Pradhan Ananta Man Singh
Published: August 2024

This study provides streamflow and hydrologic alternation in the climate change context in Seti watershed in Nepal, which will assist planners in better managing streamflow and preparing for climate change. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model was utilized in this study to simulate the hydrological dynamics of the watershed. The model has been calibrated and validated, with satisfactory performance. Future climate is projected based on the latest set of Shared Socio-economic Pathways (SSP) scenarios from CMIP6 global climate model outputs. The response of streamflow to future climate in three future periods (near, 2025-2050), (mid, 2051-2075), and (far, 2076-2100) is analyzed by comparing to a baseline. Results showed projected decrease of up to 20% during winter in both scenarios, and increase of up to 158% (SP245) and 203% (SSP585) during pre-monsoon, increase of up to 120% (SSP245) and 185% (SSP585) during monsoon, and increase of up to 103% (SSP245) and 144% (SSP585) during post-monsoon seasons.
Navigating Delays: A Comprehensive Study of Public Building Retrofitting Projects in Kathmandu Valley
Authors: Bhattarai Subash Kumar , Rayamajhi Laxman , Lamichhane Sanju , Arayal Sushma
Published: August 2024

The objective of the study was to find out the present scenario of delays of retrofitting of public building with case of 11projects of Kathmandu valley. An observation and study of the project document is carried out along with questionnaire survey with 50 respondents. The maximum rate of delay in the retrofitting project is found to be 167% time overrun and minimum is found to be 42% of time overrun. Only one project among them is within the schedule with physical progress of 22%. A multiple linear regression analysis was performed to examine the influence of the variables Time overrun (Months) and Time extension with respect to initial contract (%) on the variable Physical Progress. A model summary model is obtained as follows: Physical Progress = 0.57 + 0.02 * Time overrun (Months) - 0.15 * Time extension with respect to initial contract (%) The top ranked specific delay contributing factors in a retrofitting project are as found as Impractical project schedule and duration (frequent changes in critical path), Unavailability of the numbers and skilled workforce for retrofitting projects, Delays occurred due to lack of coherence in architectural, structural, electrical, sanitary, and HVAC drawings, Approvals of shop drawings submitted by the contractor and Unavailability of the specific materials as per BOQ.
Constructing a Risk Management Framework to Protect the Organization
Authors: Blair Garry , Woodcock Helen , Pagano Rosane , Endlar Lewis
Published: August 2024

Risk management is a critical activity for every organisation. It is important to consider risk in all operations and balancing risk with reward is an essential component of strategy for most companies, in the context of their environment and the current volatile conditions. This paper discusses the formulation of a risk management framework in order to address this important area, in a comprehensive, structured, planned method. A process for the construction of such a framework is proposed, based on practice. The requirement to scan the organisation’s horizon, discerning the ‘Risk Universe’, possibly using external consultants, is noted. A map of risk coverage should be formulated to ensure adequate protection and remove excessive risk provision. Risk champions can be recruited to disseminate good practice, creating a culture of risk awareness. The organisation’s appetite for risk must be ascertained and a positive contribution made, in respect of environmental issues. A review of the literature was performed and the key themes extracted. A semi-structured interview with a director of an international company was enacted. The main themes were selected, via an inductive approach. The research results were analysed and then utilised to form a proposed procedure for constructing a risk management framework.
Hydropower Development in Nepal: Status, Opportunities and Challenges
Authors: Bhatt Pawan , Joshi Khem Raj
Published: August 2024

Nepal is endowed with huge water resources. The available water resources and altitudinal topography provide the ideal situation for the generation of hydropower. Nepal, since about the century ago had started to generate hydro energy but its development over the time is not satisfactory and importing fossil-based fuel significantly. Based on secondary materials, this paper tries to analyses the status of self-reliant energy generation reviewing its development trend within the country. It outlines the current status of hydropower generation, opportunity associated with it and major challenges therein. Paper argues that though Nepal has developed only 3 % of hydro energy so far, it has been approaching toward saturation of its national demand very soon. Replacement of imported fossil fuel by its self-reliant hydro energy is very urgent action to be adopted but it’s quite challenging. The socio-economic transformation of country by utilizing its own generated energy is the most effective way to gear toward the path of prosperity. Acknowledging its major development challenges, formulation of investment friendly policy, power connectivity with reginal economy could drive the nation toward the sustainable development through utilization of naturally endowed water resources.
Disclosure of Corporate Social Responsibility: Factors that Influence on Manufacturing Companies
Authors: Putri Citra Lestari , Indayani Indayani , A Nuraini,
Published: August 2024

This study aims to examine the effect of proportion of independent commissioners, sustainability committee, gender diversity, and media exposure both jointly and separately on the disclosure of corporate social responsibility. The population used in this study are manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for 3 (three) years of observation from 2019-2021. Sampling used a purposive sampling method with a logistic regression model to analyze the data. The results of this study indicate that (1) the proportion of independent commissioners, sustainability committees, gender diversity, media exposure, company size, and profitability jointly have an influence on the disclosure of corporate social responsibility, (2) the proportion of independent commissioners , sustainability committee, and company size have a significant effect on disclosure of corporate social responsibility, and (3) gender diversity, media exposure, and profitability have no significant effect on disclosure of corporate social responsibility.
Study of Area Spatial Planning of Defense Efforts Protected Field Land
Authors: Pujianti Ellysa Titis , Suharnoko Dwi , Prianto Budhy
Published: August 2024

This research aims to describe policy implementation and explain the factors that influence the implementation of spatial planning policies to maintain protected rice fields based on regional regulation Number 6 of 2022 concerning Malang City's regional spatial planning plans for 2022-2042. The research method used is a qualitative descriptive method with an inductive approach. The theory used in the policy implementation theory put forward by George C. Edwards III with indicators of communication, resources, disposition and bureaucratic structure. Data collection techniques are interviews, observation and documentation. Data analysis techniques are used through data collection, data condensation, data presentation, drawing conclusions, and verification. The research results show that based on the implementation of spatial planning policies to maintain protected rice fields in Malang City, spatial planning activities were carried out without community participation. Spatial planning regulations to maintain protected rice fields are outside the vision and mission of Malang City. Space utilization is carried out through provisions on the suitability of space utilization activities, indications of leading programs, and synchronized implementation of space utilization programs. Meanwhile, control of space utilization is carried out through supervision, monitoring and administration of administrative sanctions. Supporting factors consist of clarity of regulations, adequate resources, a positive attitude of implementers, and clarity of division of authority. Meanwhile, inhibiting factors include socialization not progressing, regulatory inconsistencies, clarity of budget allocation, implementing incentives and non-existent SOPs. Apart from that, there are external inhibiting factors, namely the high selling price of land and other livelihoods. In the future, the Regional Government of Malang City needs to make special regulations that regulate the details of protected ...
Effectiveness of Femm Approach in Managing Women with Subfertility in Mwanza, Tanzania
Authors: Macharia Sr. Juliet , Kihunrwa Albert , Ndaboine Edgar , Matovelo Dismas , Mujuni Fridolin , Kiritta Richard , Chibwe Elieza , Chuma Sr. Clotilda , Kaizilege Godfrey , Ngaiza Edmund , Mbena Sr. Happy , S Prosper
Published: August 2024

Introduction: Infertility is a disease of the male or female reproductive system defined by the failure to achieve a pregnancy after 12 months or more of regular unprotected sexual intercourse. Approximately one in six people have experienced infertility at some stage in their lives. In Tanzania, the prevalence of infertility is 16%. Most couples suffer from this condition silently without knowing what to do. FEMM (Fertility Education and Medical Management) has come to bring back hope and happiness in these patients. Case series: Here we present four cases of women with subfertility who have suffered for more than five years without being able to conceive. Very interesting they all conceived within two to four months after using the FEMM approach. Currently, they are all pregnant at different gestation ages. Conclusion: Women who are not ovulating cannot conceive. Many times the answers to infertility are hiding in plain sight within the patterns of a woman's menstrual cycle. Failure to ovulate is the first sign of an underlying health condition in a woman followed by irregular cycles. Observing characteristics of cervical mucus is a simple and non-expensive biomarker any woman can tell you about. Fertility awareness together with medical management helped these women to conceive.
The effectiveness of plant protection products against Lobesia botrana Den. U Schift. in Zakarpattya
Authors: Yushchenko L. , Fedorenko V. , Fedorenko V. , Lohoida O.I.
Published: August 2024

Goal. To establish the effectiveness of chemical protection of vineyards against pests, taking into account the peculiarities of their biology, distribution, harmfulness, seasonal dynamics of flight in Zakarpattya Ukraine.
Methods. The research was conducted in accordance with the generally accepted methods in entomology and viticulture in 2021—2022 on the basis of Chateau Chizay LLC. The dynamics of the pest’s flight were studied in the field using the pheromone monitoring method using «Atrakon» pheromone traps and synthetic sex pheromones from the company «Csalomon» (Hungary). The research was conducted on Muscat, Chersegui, Sovignon Blanc, Pinot Noir, Cabernet Sovignon, Merlot, Rhine Riesling, and Pino Blan varieties. In 2022, in the vineyards of Chateau Chizay LLC, Zakarpattia Oblast, chemical plant protection agents were tested against grape leaf curl: Karate Zeon 050 CS, SK (liambda-tsyhalotryn, 50 h/l), 0.65 l/ha, Korahen 20, KS (khlorantraniliprol, 200 h/l), 0.15 l/ ha, Mavrik, EV (tau-fliuvalinat, 240 h/l), 0.2 l/ha, Voliam Fleksi 300 SC, KS (tiametoksam, 200 h/l + khlorantraniliprol, 100 h/l), 0.3 l/ha according to generally accepted methods.
Results. Prolonged spring cooling in 2022 delayed the start of the flight of the first generation of cluster leafhopper, which began only in the first days of May. The second generation of this pest has been actively developing since the end of June. Grape damage on different varieties ranged from 2.1% on Muscat to 8.0% on Pino Blan. In the control (not treated with insecticides) plots, this indicator averaged 96.1%. The yield in the farm by variety averaged about 8 t/ha and ranged from 7.1 t/ha for the Muscat variety to 9.0 t/ha for the Merlot variety. In the control plot, the yield was low, only 1.4 t/ha. The effectiveness of protective measures on all grape varieties reached 90.5%.
Conclusion. It was established that the protracted spring cooling caused the late start of flight of the grape leafhopper, which made adjustments to the calendar of protective measures, especially chemical ones. At the same time, thanks to pheromone monitoring, it was possible to establish the exact date of the start of Lobesia botrana’s flight and specify the timing of the application of chemical insecticides at the most favorable time, which made it possible to achieve an efficiency of more than 90%. Use of plant protection products against Lobesia botrana Den. et Schiff. in vineyards, LLC «Chateau Chizay», Zakarpattia Oblast contributed to the reduction of grape damage up to 94% and the preservation of the harvest up to 6.5 t/ha.
Empowering Societal Digital Transformation at the Local Level
Authors: Kabwe Kabaso , Zhou Channel , Jardim Luiza , Surguladze Ekaterine
Published: August 2024

Digital transformation has revolutionised the way businesses operate through the utilisation of technology. Digital tools enable citizens to access government services quickly and at their own convenience, whilst also facilitating more efficient and effective administrative processes. While many national governments have embraced digital tools, the same cannot be said for local governments, particularly in developing nations as they have not yet taken advantage of the benefits of digitalisation. Whereas some experiences of digital transformation have a top-down approach, this paper shares the experience of a collaborative and participatory process of design and development of a Digital Strategy for Pemba Town Council, in rural Zambia. The aim was to enhance service delivery to its citizens by harnessing the potential of digital tools for a five-year period (2022-2026). Pemba Council faced challenges due to a lack of basic Information and Communication Technology (ICT) infrastructure and ICT-enabled systems. Guided by Andrew’s (1971) model of strategy formulation and implementation, and employing an action research methodology, the study engaged the local community and the council through focused group discussions and key informant interviews to understand their challenges, explore solutions to improve service delivery, and finally to develop a digital strategy for the council, the first of its kind. The study noted that while digitalisation for the council could be hampered by challenges such as the digital divide, digital literacy, infrastructure challenges, lack of human resources, among others, both the council and community stakeholders displayed enthusiasm for the process. The study underscores the crucial role citizens play in shaping local decisions, and therefore the need for their engagement in such processes that affect how they engage with local authorities. The paper also presents a guide on how to engage citizens and government officials to develop a participatory digital strategy that is adapted to local needs, infrastructure and context. The study not only contributes to scholarship on digitalisation and its potential to improve service delivery, but is also useful for local governments operating in similar contexts as Pemba Town Council and seeking digitalisation.
Pengenalan Tumbuhan Lokal Untuk Kosmetik Kepada Gen Z : Edukasi Formulasi Sediaan Pomade Estrak Daun Meniran ((Phyllanthus Niruri L ) Sebagai Perangsang Penumbuh Rambut
Authors: Syafitri Anggun , Rahmi Sofia , Tamba Agnes Clara , Hayati Silmi
Published: August 2024

Health Vocational High School is a place of education where students study. Busy student activities can sometimes reduce students' knowledge regarding the use of natural materials. The method applied in community service activities is providing counseling and education in the form of lectures and questions and answers directly by practicing making pomade cosmetics. Students' lack of knowledge regarding the use of natural ingredients from meniran leaves (Phyllanthus niruri L) as the main ingredient in natural pomade cosmetics which functions as a hair growth stimulant. For this reason, students are given education and understanding about the formulation of meniran leaf extract pomade preparations. The aim of holding service activities for students is "Introducing Local Plants for Cosmetics to Gen Z: Education on the Formulation of Meniran Leaf Extract Pomade Preparations as a Hair Growth Stimulator". To provide knowledge and understanding to Dewantara Husada Health Vocational School students regarding the introduction of local plants for cosmetics in the formulation of meniran leaf extract pomade as a hair growth stimulant. The conclusion of this PKM activity was carried out using the lecture and question and answer method, and practice. Based on the high level of participation in this PKM activity, it was classified as very good, participants in the question and answer session were considered to have a special interest in the material
SOSIALISASI MENJAGA KEBERSIHAN DIRI (PERSONAL HYGIENE) PADA PANTI ASUHAN ANAK LIORA TERANG Socialization Of Maintaining Personal Hygiene For Panti Asuhan Anak Liora Terang
Authors: Sulasmi Sulasmi
Published: August 2024

For kids, maintaining personal hygiene is crucial because they often get sick due to not paying attention to it. Personal hygiene is the practice of preserving the health and sanitation of children for their physical and mental well-being. Personal hygiene knowledge must be acquired at an early age. The aim is that the child's knowledge about personal hygiene will become more mature, so that the child will get used to practicing personal hygiene. Apart from that, to increase knowledge about maintaining cleanliness in everyday life. In the process of internalizing personal hygiene behavior, there are several behaviors such as washing hands, bathing, shampooing (washing hair), brushing teeth, cutting nails, and cleaning ears. Presentations were utilized to conduct this activity, group discussions with orphanage children, and continued by providing education about the value of good personal hygiene and methods for practicing it in everyday life. This activity took place with a total of 21 participants. The personal hygiene material presented, includes: the benefits of maintaining personal hygiene, how to practice proper personal hygiene, including hand cleansing, tooth flossing, bathing, shampooing, cutting nails, changing clothes and not sharing personal items with other people. Apart from that, environmental hygiene material was also presented including: keeping the house clean, such as cleaning the floor of the house, not piling up dirty clothes and always changing bed linen regularly.
SOSIALISASI PENTINGNYA MENGETAHUI BAHAYA HIDROKUINON PADA SKINCARE DAN KOSMETIK DI SMK 8 MUHAMMADIYAH MEDAN SELAYANG
Authors: Simorangkir Delisma , Puspita Rika , Sanjaya Angga Nugraha , Lestari Puji
Published: August 2024

The modern era has very minimal information about juvenile cosmetics that involve risks associated with hazardous or illegal products. The choice and application of cosmetics has not been taught to SMK Muhammadiyah 8 Medan students. The explanation should help students understand how important it is to select safe care products for young children to utilize. The topics covered in the discussion included a variety of cosmetic chemicals, the significance of understanding how hydroquinon affects cosmetics and goods, and tips for selecting skincare products according to skin type. The results of Volunteers found that most teenagers had oily skin (38.09%), with some experiencing skin problems (79.37%). Acne is the most common problem (42.68%), and 79.37% have used face care. After receiving the material, participants scored 88.57, indicating their knowledge. The examination was declared successful because the participants understood the material.
Consumer Behavior in Online Shopping: A Comparative Analysis of Generational Differences
Authors: Sonia
Published: August 2024

The consumer behavior in online shopping across different generations, focusing on Millennials, Generation X, and Baby Boomers. With the proliferation of e-commerce platforms, understanding how generational cohorts engage with online shopping is crucial for businesses aiming to effectively target and cater to diverse consumer preferences. Utilizing a quantitative research approach, this comparative analysis explores factors influencing online purchase decisions, including trust in online retailers, perceived risks, shopping motivations, and preferences for digital payment methods. variations in consumer behavior among generational cohorts. Millennials, characterized by their digital proficiency and preference for convenience, exhibit a higher propensity for online shopping and are more likely to embrace emerging technologies such as mobile commerce and social media influencers. In contrast, Generation X consumers prioritize product reviews and brand reputation when making online purchases, emphasizing trust and reliability in e-commerce transactions. Baby Boomers, while increasingly adopting online shopping for convenience, express concerns about data security and prefer traditional payment methods.
MEDIATING EFFECT OF STUDY HABITS ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MATHEMATICAL READING COMPREHENSION AND PROBLEM-SOLVING SKILLS OF JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS
Authors: Rhea Mae C. Enerosa  , Emmanuel P. Abuzo
Published: August 2024

This study aimed to determine whether study habits significantly mediate the relationship between mathematical reading comprehension and problem-solving of students in mathematics of Grade 8 students in the Division of Davao del Norte. A descriptive-correlational research design was used. The respondents of this research were 302 Grade 8 learners from four public secondary high schools in Davao del Norte. A stratified random sampling was utilized. This study used one adapted questionnaire and two researcher-made questionnaires. Mean, spearman rho, standard deviation, and bootstrapping were used as statistical tools. Results of the study revealed that mathematical reading comprehension is infrequently manifested, problem-solving skills of students is rarely manifested, while the study habits of the students are oftentimes manifested. The findings further revealed that the variables mathematical reading comprehension and problem-solving skills are significant with one another but infrequently manifested that they are not significant with study habits. Moreover, mathematical reading comprehension exhibits a direct significant effect on problem- solving skills but study habits do not significantly mediate the relationship between mathematical reading comprehension and the problem-solving skills of the students. The results conclude that mathematical reading comprehension is contributory factor to improve the problem-solving skills of the students. The researcher recommends that the school administrators provide an opportunity to the teachers in professional development programs to improve students’ mathematical reading comprehension and problem-solving skills.
KEYWORDS: Mathematics education, problem-solving skills, mathematical reading comprehension, study habits, descriptive and correlational design, bootstrapping, Davao del Norte, Philippines
Procedural sedation analgesia in prehospital settings: The state of the art
Authors: Lasik Julian , Kłosiewicz Tomasz , Podlewski Roland , Puślecki Mateusz
Published: August 2024

The utilization of analgosedation procedures is progressively becoming more prevalent in conducting a diverse spectrum of procedures necessitated by the patient’s clinical condition. Such procedures may be undertaken by physicians, anaesthesia nurses, and paramedics alike. Due to the broad competencies of employees of the state emergency medical system, it is possible to carry out analgosedation in the prehospital setting. However, performing analgosedation in that situation presents considerable challenges owing to limited familiarity with the patient’s history, available equipment, and environmental conditions at the scene. Hence, prehospital healthcare providers must possess comprehensive knowledge of the procedural capabilities and technical skills associated with analgosedation to mitigate the risk of adverse events. Proficiently executed analgosedation, based on the conscious use of available equipment, medications and the procedure’s capabilities holds significant importance in achieving the desired procedural outcomes and positively impacting the patient’s clinical status. As no formal guidelines in analgosedation for prehospital providers have been developed the authors aimed to summarize current knowledge and skills required to minimize the risk for patients. The authors also aimed to highlight the necessity of responsible and thoughtful training to perform analgosedation in the prehospital setting to develop desirable correct habits and increase situational awareness.
Kalemia – safety aspects of patients hospitalized in Department of Internal, Autoimmune and Metabolic Diseases of Medical University of Silesia in Katowice Clinical Center in the year 2020
Authors: Musial Pawel
Published: August 2024

Aim: The aim of the study was to present the issue of kalemia compartment disorders in patients hospitalized in a hospital clinical ward who came to the hospital from various areas of pre-hospital care.
Material and Methods: Relying on data of patients hospitalized in the Department of Internal, Autoimmune and Metabolic Diseases of Medical University of Silesia in Katowice Clinical Center in 2020 a retrospective research regarding patients with potassium management disorders has been conducted. Medical documentation of patients admitted with hypo- or hyperkalemia has been reviewed. Range of 3,5–5,0 mmol/l (mEq/l) has been considered a variable identifying high and low potassium concentration. Total number of patients with potassium level disorders was 172 (19,5%) out of 883 patients hospitalized.
Results: Hyperkalemia has been diagnosed in case of 67 patients, hypokalemia in case of 105. The majority of patients with potassium level disorders were aged between 61 and 80. Patients with hyperkalemia were most frequently redirected to hospital from Primary Healthcare facilities. Patients with hypokalemia were most frequently handed over by Emergency Medical Service rescue team. The most common ailments among each age group were weakness and shortness of breath. Main comorbidities among patients with potassium management disorders were renal failure and high blood pressure.
Conclusions: Electrolyte imbalance is common among hospitalized patients. Individuals aged 61-80 are at particularly high risk of potassium management disorders. Renal failure, heart failure and high blood pressure are conditions which most frequently coexisted with potassium management disorders
Medical Activities used by the EMT from Zywiec under 18 years of age in 2022-2023
Authors: Kucap Michał , Dziedzic Piotr , Nadolny Klaudiusz , Ładny Jerzy Robert , Fedorov Sergyi , Łączyk Maciej
Published: August 2024

Aim: To analyze the interventions carried out by the Medical Rescue Teams in patients under the age of 18 in the operational area of the Medical Rescue Company in Zywiec in the period from January 1, 2022 to December 31, 2023.
Material and methods: The medical documentation of Specialist and Basic Medical Rescue Teams of the Medical Rescue Company in Zywiec in the period from 01/01/2022 to 31/12/2023 (n=23 983) was subject to retrospective analysis. The study included those in which the intervention of the Medical Rescue Teams concerned a patient under the age of 18 (n=1658). The entire analysis was divided into 4 age groups: 0-1, 1-8, 8-13, 13-18 years. In the group division, cards of medical rescue activities were analyzed and divided into the so-called non-traumatic and trauma patient. In the examined medical documentation, an additional division was made into the so-called non-traumatic and traumatic patients. This division was made on the basis of the diagnosis categorized in ICD-10.
Results: On the basis of the date of birth, visits to patients under the age of 18 by Medical Rescue Teams were selected, which accounted for 6,91% of the total interventions in the analyzed period.
Conclusions: Patients under the age of 18 constitute a challenge for Medical Rescue Teams due to a very small number of interventions, which results in the lack of experience in performing examinations and implementing medical rescue activities.
Assessment of the activity of Trauma Centers for Children in Poland in 2021
Authors: Wierzejska Natalia , Kopczyński Mateusz Henryk , Konieczny Tomasz , Michalczewska Aneta , Kubiak Kaja , Żyła Joanna , Stachurski Jan
Published: August 2024

Aim: Injuries are dominant causes of death and hospitalization among children and adolescents. In some countries, there are designated pediatric trauma centers (PTCs) that offer multiple levels of care for trauma patients. Our aim is to demonstrate that the criteria in Polish PTCs may not identify a large group of patients with life-threatening conditions, and they may be referred to centers with lower capabilities.
Material and methods: We analyzed all trauma patients transported by ambulance to the Emergency Department in Pediatric Teaching Hospital of University Clinical Center of the Medical University of Warsaw in 2021.
Results: Out of 981 pediatric trauma patients, 27 qualified for PTC. Key factors determining which children are more likely to qualify for PTC include the influence of alcohol, falls from heights, the need for analgesics, and fluid therapy. Physical examination abnormalities more likely found among patients qualified for PTC were: GCS≤13, abnormal pupillary reaction, abnormal pupil width, seizures, a decrease in systolic blood pressure, abnormal heart rate, and a decrease in oxygen saturation. There is a significant group of patients who do not meet PTC criteria but present a risk to life or health.
Conclusions: Only a small number of admitted children met the qualification criteria for PTC. It seems that we should not assess a patient solely based on preestablished criteria, but the universality of this problem requires the creation of a segregation system that would allow access to patients more individually.
Artificial intelligence in ECG analysis - future or present?
Authors: Niemczyk Stanisław , Fiegler-Rudol Jakub , Migas Mateusz , Wągrowska Karolina , Hochuł Dawid , Talaska Justyna , Klimczak Tytus , Netkowska Marta
Published: August 2024

This review discusses the significance of Electrocardiography (ECG) as a fundamental diagnostic tool for identifying electrical abnormalities in the heart. Despite its inception a century ago, ECG remains the gold standard for cardiovascular assessment. ECGs are routinely conducted in various healthcare settings, from family physician offices to emergency rooms, underscoring its ubiquitous clinical utility. However, misinterpretation of ECGs can lead to detrimental treatment decisions, emphasizing the critical need for accurate analysis. In recent years, artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a promising tool for ECG interpretation. AI models, designed to replicate human cognitive functions, undergo training with extensive datasets. While AI shows potential in improving ECG interpretation quality, it is not without limitations. Physician expertise remains indispensable in interpreting ECG findings accurately. Despite its potential, AI’s clinical application in ECG interpretation has yet to gain widespread approval. The paper emphasizes the importance of understanding the limitations and risks associated with AI implementation in cardiovascular diagnostics.
Novel ways of applying artificial intelligence in emergency medicine - literature review
Authors: Fiegler-Rudol Jakub , Kronenberg Magdalena , Męcik-Kronenberg Tomasz
Published: August 2024

Artificial intelligence (AI) holds immense promise for revolutionizing emergency medicine, expediting diagnosis and treatment decisions. This review explores AI’s wide-ranging applications in emergency care, ranging from managing out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) to diagnosing fractures, spine injuries, stroke, and pulmonary embolisms, and even assisting in search and rescue missions with snake robots. In OHCA cases, AI aids in early detection, survival prediction, and ECG waveform classification, bolstering prehospital care efficiency. AI-powered digital assistants like the AI4EMS platform optimize diagnosis and patient prioritization, reducing overlooked cases of cardiac arrest and improving response times. Furthermore, AI algorithms enhance the diagnosis of conditions such as pneumothorax, pulmonary emphysema, and fractures by analysing medical images with exceptional accuracy, often outperforming human experts. In stroke and pulmonary embolism, AI expedites diagnosis through automated imaging analysis, enabling swift treatment. AI may enhance triage methods with independent systems, improving patient sharing and treatment quality while minimizing infection risks, especially during pandemics. Medical professionals generally welcome AI triage systems, acknowledging their potential to enhance healthcare efficiency. It is important to understand the scope of development of AI in order to make its application beneficial.
Using Optimization Algorithms to Design Phononic Barriers Protecting Monuments or Building Facades
Authors:   Department of Mechanics and Fundamentals of Machinery Design, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Computer Science, Czestochowa University of Technology, Dąbrowskiego 73,42-201 Częstochowa, Poland, GARUS Sebastian , CEKUS Dawid ,   Department of Mechanics and Fundamentals of Machinery Design, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Computer Science, Czestochowa University of Technology, Dąbrowskiego 73,42-201 Częstochowa, Poland, BLOCH Katarzyna ,   Department of Physics, Czestochowa University of Technology, Armii Krajowej 19 Av., 42-200 Częstochowa, Poland
Published: August 2024

The work compares the design of phononic structures using two types of optimization algorithms. Using the genetic algorithm and the simulated annealing algorithm, optimal layer distributions were obtained in which the phononic band gap phenomenon occurs. The mechanical wave propagating in the obtained structure, for the given frequency ranges, significantly reduces the transmitted energy, thanks to which the building facade or monument located behind the obtained barrier is exposed to much smaller vibrations, which significantly reduces damage related to long-term fatigue load. The mechanical wave propagation was modeled using the Transfer Matrix Method algorithm and the proprietary objective function allows for the reduction of wave transmission with the simultaneous reduction of high transmission peaks with small half-widths.
Preservation of Plastic Cultural Heritage. A Review
Authors:   Slovak University of Technology, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Institute of Natural and Synthetic Polymers, Department of Wood, Pulp and Paper, Radlinského 9, 811 07 Bratislava, Slovakia, URBANOVA Petra , KUCIKOVA Katarina ,   Slovak University of Technology, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Institute of Natural and Synthetic Polymers, Department of Wood, Pulp and Paper, Radlinského 9, 811 07 Bratislava, Slovakia, KLEMPOVA Simona ,   Slovak University of Technology, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Institute of Natural and Synthetic Polymers, Department of Wood, Pulp and Paper, Radlinského 9, 811 07 Bratislava, Slovakia, TINO Radko ,   Slovak University of Technology, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Institute of Natural and Synthetic Polymers, Department of Wood, Pulp and Paper, Radlinského 9, 811 07 Bratislava, Slovakia, GABKOVA Veronika ,   Slovak National Gallery Bratislava, Riečna 1, 815 13 Bratislava, Slovakia, VIZAROVA Katarina ,   Slovak University of Technology, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Institute of Natural and Synthetic Polymers, Department of Wood, Pulp and Paper, Radlinského 9, 811 07 Bratislava, Slovakia
Published: August 2024

This article deals with the broad topic of the conservation of plastics, which, as objects of historical or artistic value an essential part of collections all around the world. This review focuses on the risks associated with plastic art, its degradation pathways, methods of identification and characterization, and currently used methods of preservation. Besides the literature review, an online survey of European museums and galleries was conducted, which allowed us to gain an overview of the current state of plastic conservation. Twelve institutions participated in the survey and there is a marked difference in the level of information regarding plastics in their collections. The results underline the relevance and urgency of this issue if we want to prevent the irreversible losses of cultural heritage, as many institutions do not have the means to ensure the effective protection of plastic artifacts. The study of available resources shows us that great progress has been made in recent years, but further research and improvement are still needed.
137Cs Gamma Radiation Effect on Fungal Strains on an Artwork by Candido Portinari
Authors:   Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro – PPG-EQ, R. S. Francisco Xavier 524, Rio de Janeiro – RJ, Brasil, CARDOSO Renata Nascimento , CORREA Fernanda do Nascimento ,   Museu de Astronomia e Ciências Afins – CODAR, R. General Bruce 586, Rio de Janeiro – RJ, Brasil, CHAVEZ Ana Lucia Oliveira ,   Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia – LABIO, Av. Venezuela 82, Rio de Janeiro – RJ, Brasil, LUTTERBACH Marcia Teresa Soares ,   Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia – LABIO, Av. Venezuela 82, Rio de Janeiro – RJ, Brasil, FERREIRA Ana Critina de Mello ,   Instituto de Radioproteção e Dosimetria – IRD, Av. Salvador Allende S/N, Rio de Janeiro – RJ, Brasil, De Souza Marcia Valeria ,   Museu Nacional – LCCR, Quinta da Boa Vista, Rio de Janeiro – RJ, Brasil, Da SILVA Luciano Procopio ,   Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro – DMIB, Caxias, Rio de Janeiro – RJ, Brasil, Da COSTA Antonio Carlos Augusto ,   Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro – PPG-EQ, R. S. Francisco Xavier 524, Rio de Janeiro – RJ, Brasil
Published: August 2024

Gamma radiation is an effective technique for the conservation of art collections, reducing microbial loads and can be obtained by the emission of a radioactive isotope, such as Cesium 137. A Portinari’s artwork (National Museum, Brazil) was analysed, and the fungi contained therein were isolated and treated with gamma radiation for decontamination. Radiation doses used were 16, 19 and 22kGy. Results indicated 11 genera and 17 species of fungi isolated. Penicillium and Cladosporium were isolated from air, the artwork, and its support. The genera Penicillium, Cladosporium, Nigrospora and Curvularia showed high resistance to radiation (16kGy) being the most resistant species Cladosporium, with no growth just under 22kGy. The results outlined indicate that the rates of DNA damage and repair were critical, depending on chronic or acute doses. The biochemical mechanism acting on fungal cells under irradiation was basically the inactivation of specific enzymes and, probably, DNA damage, particularly stimulating double-strand breaks.
Assessment of Conservation Status of Petroleuciscus Borysthenicus Celensis From Gurban River, Romania by Identification of Parasites and Bacteria
Authors:   National Institute for Research and Development in Environmental Protection, 294 Splaiul Independenței Str,
060031 Bucharest, Romania, JAWDHARI Abdulhusein , SADICA Isabela ,   National Institute for Research and Development in Environmental Protection, 294 Splaiul Independenței Str,
060031 Bucharest, Romania, MATEI Monica ,   National Institute for Research and Development in Environmental Protection, 294 Splaiul Independenței Str,
060031 Bucharest, Romania, BOBOC Madalina ,   National Institute for Research and Development in Environmental Protection, 294 Splaiul Independenței Str,
060031 Bucharest, Romania, HOLBAN Elena ,   National Institute for Research and Development in Environmental Protection, 294 Splaiul Independenței Str,
060031 Bucharest, Romania, LASLO Lucian ,   National Institute for Research and Development in Environmental Protection, 294 Splaiul Independenței Str,
060031 Bucharest, Romania, MIHAILESCU Dan Florin ,   Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 91-95 Splaiul Independenței Str., 050095 Bucharest, Romania
Published: August 2024

The present research was conducted within the framework of a broader investigation with the objective of identifying freshwater parasites and bacteria on national territory, with the aim of gaining a deeper understanding of the relationships between parasites, hosts, and the environment, and to assess the potential detrimental effects of parasitic infestation on the conservation status of fish populations. Within this study, it was documented the first recordings of parasites Vorticella globularia and Epistylis sp. in the Romanian Petro-leuciscus borysthenicus celensis fish species. A total of 42 specimens were collected from the Gurban River to study their infestation status, focusing on the skin, gills, and fins. From the samples analyzed, 16 specimens presented signs of infestation with five distinct parasite species (Ichthyophthirius multifiliis, Dactylogyrus vastator, Trichodina acuta, Vorticella globularia and Epistylis sp) and four bacterial strains (Aeromonas veronii, Shewanella putrefaciens, Aeromona hydrophila, and Citrobacter freundii). The results indicate that the skin is the organ most severely impacted by parasites and bacteria, followed by the gills. The fins, on the other hand, are the least susceptible to infection. Furthermore, the significant amount of parasitic infestation coupled with the high bacterial load of Aeromonas veronii indicates a plausible link between the two.
Chronic systemic thrombosis of unknown etiology with concurrent essential thrombocythemia and recurrent stroke: A case report
Authors: Chakraborty Debabrata , Dey Sadanand , Ray Nirmalya , Biswas Devarati , Bhaumik Sanjay
Published: August 2024

Here, we report a male patient under hypercoagulable state of unproven etiology, who used to present with recurrent thrombotic episodes since young age after he stopped taking anticoagulant. At the age of 73, he was detected to have essential thrombocythemia while grappling with recurrent strokes. On both occasions, he presented with a basilar thrombus. His National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score improved from 18 to 2 on the first occasion and from 17 to 2 sixteen days later on the second occasion. Thrombolysis was done on both occasions, but endovascular therapy was not done on either occasion due to chronicity of the thrombus and remarkably improved NIHSS post-thrombolysis. For patients with recurrent thrombotic events of undetermined etiology, an anticoagulant should be indicated. Repeat thrombolysis can be performed without endovascular therapy within a brief gap of 16 days, even in stroke patients with moderate to high NIHSS.
Adjuvant immunotherapy in high-risk resectable melanoma: A real-world experience
Authors: Hakeem Mohammad Usman , Marsavela Gabriela , Abed Afaf , Khattak Muhammad Adnan
Published: August 2024

Adjuvant immunotherapy with nivolumab or pembrolizumab represents the current standard of care for resected high-risk Stage III and IV malignant melanoma. However, data on its real-world outcomes and efficacy beyond clinical trials are limited. We evaluated the data of high-risk Stage III and IV melanoma patients treated with adjuvant immunotherapy in two hospitals in Western Australia, Australia. The study involved the retrospective collection and analysis of data from 95 eligible patients treated with nivolumab or pembrolizumab. These patients were planned to receive 1 year of immunotherapy, with treatment continuing until disease recurrence, unacceptable toxicity, or voluntary withdrawal. Our evaluation focused on overall survival (OS), recurrence-free survival (RFS), and distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS), along with safety outcomes. The findings of our study indicated a 2-year RFS of 73%, a DMFS of 73%, and an OS of 94%. Treatment-related adverse events were observed in 63.1% of patients, with cutaneous manifestations being the most common treatment-related toxicity and gastrointestinal tract issues being the most common higher-grade immune-related adverse event. Importantly, these findings do not significantly differ from the landmark clinical trials, CheckMate-238 and KEYNOTE-054. In conclusion, adjuvant immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy administered for up to 1 year in high-risk Stage III and IV melanoma demonstrates a comparable efficacy and toxicity profile in real-world settings to that observed in the pivotal trials.
Geneza i motywy wprowadzenia do Kodeksu karnego możliwości wymierzenia kary nieredukowalnego dożywotniego pozbawienia wolności
Authors: Tyburcy Tomasz
Published: August 2024

Artykuł analizuje genezę oraz motywy wprowadzenia do Kodeksu karnego możliwości wymierzenia kary nieredukowalnego dożywotniego pozbawienia wolności, tj. bez możliwości ubiegania się o warunkowe przedterminowe zwolnienie (ustawa z dnia 7 lipca 2022 r. o zmianie ustawy – Kodeks karny oraz niektórych innych ustaw). Zdaniem autora omawiane przepisy mają charakter populizmu penalnego i stanowią przykład uprzedmiotowienia skazanego, który staje się środkiem do osiągnięcia określonych celów. Odwołują się one do pierwotnych (atawistycznych) instynktów (zemsty). Wprowadzenie do k.k. możliwości wymierzenia kary nieredukowalnego dożywotniego pozbawienia wolności wpisuje się również w zmianę aksjologii, której ustawodawca dał wyraz w zakresie dyrektyw wymiaru kary.
The article analyses the genesis and motives of the introduction to the Criminal Code of the possibility of imposing the life imprisonment without parole (Act of 7 July 2022 amending the Act – Criminal Code and certain other acts). In the author’s opinion, the provisions in question have the character of penal populism and constitute an example of objectification of the convict, who becomes a means to achieve certain goals. The analysed provisions refer to primal (atavistic) instincts (revenge). The regulations in question will not reduce the level of crime. The introduction of the possibility of imposing a sentence of irreducible life imprisonment into the Criminal Code is also part of the change in axiology that the legislator has given expression to in terms of the sentencing directives.