bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
compreensão morfológica de assentamentos humanos em contexto periféricos
Authors: Diniz Oliveira Kamila , Duarte Cardoso Ana Cláudia , Carvalho da Silva Santos Fernanda Manuela
Published: January 2025

A morfologia urbana foi criada para analisar as cidades europeias históricas, na conjuntura do pós-guerra e do modernismo. Mais de meio século depois, ainda há carência de estratégias de análise para compreensão de formas que não se enquadram nos padrões de formalidade, e de instrumentos e metodologias que sejam capazes de entender as particularidades dos assentamentos humanos de produção não planejada e/ou informal (Kamalipour; Dovey, 2019, apud Spolaor e Oliveira, 2021). Alguns conceitos e elementos de análise da morfologia não são facilmente aplicáveis às espacialidades encontradas em áreas periféricas, consideradas informais. Apesar disso, algumas pesquisas têm confirmado a utilidade de conceitos clássicos da morfologia urbana (Spolaor e Oliveira, 2021). A criatividade na adaptação e criação de ferramentas de análise para a forma dos espaços em áreas periféricas tem sido fundamental, demandando reflexões sobre a compreensão de espacialidades em contextos não idealizados pela literatura da morfologia e do planejamento urbano. O processo da urbanização demanda a compreensão do espaço de vivência humana como um produto dinâmico para análise. Este artigo tem como objetivo revelar um tipo de urbano em meio a floresta, com compreensão da microrrede de assentamentos tradicionais (ribeirinhas e quilombolas) amazônicas na região do Baixo Tocantins/PA, onde os elementos, as relações e os processos espaciais demandaram novas epistemologias morfológicas.
FORTALEZAS DEL CARÁCTER E INTOLERANCIA A LA FRUSTRACIÓN EN ESTUDIANTES DE NIVEL SUPERIOR DE LA CIUDAD DE POSADAS (Misiones-Argentina)
Authors: Arevalo Luana Natahela , Chemisquy Sonia Noemí , Mathiasen María del Carmen , Britez Agustina Iara
Published: January 2025

Las Fortalezas del Carácter son consideradas cualidades o características estables de la personalidad que contribuyen al bienestar de las personas. Por su parte, la tolerancia a la frustración es la capacidad que posee un individuo para afrontar emociones desagradables, lo que implica la aceptación de las diferencias entre expectativa y realidad. Este estudio tiene como objetivo analizar la relación entre las Fortalezas del Carácter y la Tolerancia a la Frustración en estudiantes de nivel superior de la ciudad de Posadas, Argentina. Se realizó un estudio empírico y cuantitativo, de alcance correlacional y transversal, con una muestra conformada por 302 estudiantes de diferentes instituciones de nivel superior. Se administró el Inventario de Virtudes y Fortalezas del Carácter, y la adaptación argentina de la Escala de Intolerancia a la Frustración. Los datos se analizaron utilizando SPSS-v.20. Los resultados demostraron que existen relaciones estadísticamente significativas y negativas entre la dimensión de Derechos y las Fortalezas Emocionales (p= .002) y Teológicas (p= .034). A su vez, se encontró otras relaciones entre las Fortalezas Intelectuales (p= .026), Emocionales (p= .021) y Restrictivas (p= .034) y la dimensión de Intolerancia a la Incomodidad. Las limitaciones de esta investigación están dadas por el tamaño de la muestra y las características del instrumento. Sin embargo, estos hallazgos son valiosos para el conocimiento aproximado de las características de los estudiantes de nivel superior, que servirán de sustento para el desarrollo de intervenciones que permitan impulsar el crecimiento de la Psicología Positiva en la población joven.
CO2 efflux in area cultivated with beans and maize and the crop ecophysiological parameters
Authors:   , Pereira Alécio Rodrigues
Published: January 2025

Physiological parameters and CO2 efflux in areas cultivated with beans and maize. Adviser: Jackson Martins Rodrigues. Co-adviser: Flavio Barbosa Justino. The present study has the objective of estimating the of carbon dioxide efflux (CO2) in an area cultivated with bean and maize. The experiment was conducted at the experimental irrigation and drainage unit of the Department of Agricultural Engineering, located at the Federal University of Viçosa. The crops used were Ouro of Mata bean and maize (BM270) during two cultivation cycles as well as carioca bean (VC25) in a single cropping cycle. CO2 efflux was measured using an infrared gas analyzer (IRGA), attached to the LC-PRO+ portable system, manufactured by the company ADC BIO Scientific. To read soil respiration and the ecophysiological parameters, IRGA was coupled to the soil and photosynthesis chamber, respectively. The ecophysiological parameters photosynthesis (A), stomatal conductance (gs), transpiration (E), internal carbon concentration (Ci), instantaneous water use efficiency (EiUA) and instantaneous carboxylation efficiency (EiC) were monitored. In the area cultivated with Ouro of Mata bean the mean soil respiration during the two crop cycles was 1.02 and 1.65 µmol m-2 s-1, respectively. For the maize area between 1.24 and 1.25 µmol m-2 s-1, in the first and second cycle, respectively. For the carioca bean crop the mean for the entire crop cycle were 1.44 µmol m-2 s-1. For Ouro of Mata bean the ecophysiological parameters In the first cultivation cycle the mean values of 27.97 µmol m-2 s-1 (A), 0.61 mol of H2O m-2 s-1 (gs), 5.93 mol of H2O m-2 s-1 (E), 297.09 µmol mol-1 (Ci), 4.60 µmol mol-1 of H2O (EiUA) and 0.095 mol m-2 s-1 (EiC) and in the second cycle 25.74 µmol m-2 s-1 (A) , 0.28 mol of H2O m-2 s-1 (gs), 4.38 mol of H2O m-2 s-1 (E), 293.30 µmol mol-1 (Ci), 5.87 µmol mol-1 of H2O (EiUA) and 0.091 mol m-2 s-1 (EiC). In the first maize crop cycle the following values were observed 52.07 µmol.m-2 s-1 (A), 0.52 mol of H2O m-2 s-1 (gs), 7.68 mol of H2O m-2 s-1 (E), 211.95 µmol mol-1 (Ci), 6.78 µmol mol-1 of H2O (EiUA) and 0.245 mol m-2 s-1 (EiC), and in the second cycle 26.85 µmol.m-2 s-1 (A), 0.30 mol of H2O m-2 s-1 (gs), 3.66 mol of H2O m-2 s-1 (E), 222.05 µmol mol-1 (Ci), 7.96 µmol mol-1 of H2O (EiUA) and 0.130 mol m-2 s-1 (EiC). For the Carioca bean crop, the mean values of 23 µmol m-2 s- 1 (A), 0.30 mol of H O m-2 s-1 (gs), 3.78 mol of H O m-2 s-1 (E), 311.04 µmol mol-1 (Ci), 2 -1 -2 -1 6.02 µmol mol of H2O (EiUA) and 0.080 mol m s (EiC). Keywords: soil respiration; photosynthesis; bean; maize; co2
Parcerias Público-Privadas e Inovação em Políticas Públicas
Authors: De Lima Assuncao Morganna Lay's , Julião Xavier Filho José Lindenberg , Fernandes da Cruz Cunha Nelson
Published: January 2025

As parcerias público-privadas (PPPs) podem ser vistas como formas de viabilizar a realização de projetos de alto impacto para a sociedade. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo consistiu em analisar quais os critérios para que as PPPs possam viabilizar a inovação em políticas públicas. Para isso, optou-se pela realização de um estudo de caso de uma parceria pioneira no Brasil: a PPP da rodovia rota dos Coqueiros, em Pernambuco. Como resultados, observou-se que a adequada alocação dos riscos entre os parceiros, a existência de um marco regulatório robusto e o envolvimento do governo, oferecendo garantias, figuram entre os principais elementos que garantem o êxito de uma PPP. entretanto, concluiu-se que as PPPs não prescindem uma atuação eficaz do Poder Público na fiscalização da aplicação dos recursos, tendo em vista que o estado continua sendo o principal responsável pela garantia dos serviços públicos prestados à sociedade.
O efeito do apoio de marcas à causa LGBTQIAPN+ sobre a atitude e intenção de compra de consumidores da geração Z
Authors: Imamura de Lima Dolibaina Lunie
Published: January 2025

Empresas de diferentes segmentos estão incluindo pautas sociais em sua comunicação de marca. A causa LGBTQIAPN+, entre outras causas sociais, é utilizada para demonstrar apoio e esforços organizacionais por uma sociedade mais inclusiva. Apesar da prática, pouco se sabe sobre os reais benefícios que estas ações trazem para estas marcas e, ainda, se são adequadas a estas empresas. Buscando fornecer dados empíricos à estas questões, um estudo experimental, junto a 120 participantes, pertencentes à geração Z, foi conduzido. Avaliou-se o efeito de uma propaganda demonstrando comprometimento com a causa LGBTQIAPN+ (maior x menor) sobre as respostas de atitude em relação ao anúncio, à marca e intenção de compra. Concluiu-se que quanto maior o comprometimento percebido, maiores os índices de atitude em relação ao anúncio, à marca e de intenção de compra e, estes efeitos são moderados pelo posicionamento político e níveis de apoio a causas sociais dos respondentes.
Gestão do teletrabalho na Administração Pública
Authors: José Cavalcanti Silva Júnior Marçal , De Sousa Washington José
Published: January 2025

A partir da abordagem substantiva das organizações, objetiva-se analisar tensões entre as racionalidades substantiva e instrumental na gestão de programa de teletrabalho da Administração Pública. Adota-se abordagem qualitativa, com aplicação do estudo de caso e coleta de dados por documentos e entrevistas semiestruturadas, obtendo-se os resultados por análise de conteúdo. Os resultados apontam tensões nos processos organizacionais “hierarquia e normas”, “controle” e “divisão de tarefas”, tal como a tensão entre os objetivos do programa de garantir melhor qualidade de vida ao teletrabalhador e de aumentar a produtividade organizacional, bem como a decorrente da previsão normativa formal de participação de representantes dos servidores na gestão sem que ocorra efetivamente na prática administrativa. Como contribuição do estudo, garantindo aplicabilidade aos resultados da pesquisa, indicam-se possibilidades de ajustes para a gestão de programa de teletrabalho na organização pública.
COVID-19 health information literacy as correlate of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance among federal university students in Southeast, Nigeria
Authors: Ani Nkoyo Ejike
Published: January 2025

The study examined the relationship between the COVID-19 health information literacy and COVID-19 vaccine acceptance of federal university students in Southeast, Nigeria. The study adopted correlational survey research design that is rooted in positivism philosophical paradigm. The population of the study is 122,682 undergraduate students enrolled for the 2023/2024 academic session. The sample size of 699 undergraduate students. Multistage sampling technique was used to select the desired sample across the five (5) federal universities in Southeast, Nigeria. The study adopted two scales; ―COVID 19 Health Related Information Literacy Assessment Scale‖ and ―VAC-COVID-19 Scale‖. The data collected was analyzed using mean, standard deviation and percentage for research questions, while Pearson’s correlation, t-test and Mann Whitney U test was used for hypothesis testing. The findings of the study reported that, undergraduate students of federal universities in the Southeastern, Nigeria have high COVID-19 health information literacy, however have mixed feelings towards COVID-19 vaccine acceptance because majority have reasons for not accepting and few other reasons for considering to accept the vaccine. COVID-19 health information literacy has significant relationship with COVID-19 vaccine acceptance of undergraduate students. The study recommended that, the is need for the university management to conduct public enlightenment campaign within the university campus so as to continue to improve the COVID-19 literacy of university students.
Sosyal Medya Reklamlarının Gelişmeleri Kaçırma Korkusu (FoMO) Bağlamında Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Güngör Arzu , Barış A. Banu
Published: January 2025

Dijital ortamda sunulan reklamların bir türü olarak sosyal medya reklamları, tüketim kültürünün yeni bir ortamda varlık gösterdiği etkili bir aracıdır. Hedef kitleyi tüketime teşvik eden ve onlara tüketim ideolojisini benimseten reklamlar, sosyal medya aracılığıyla daha hızlı ve etkili bir şekilde kullanıcıya ulaşmaktadır. Diğer yandan yoğun sosyal medya kullanımının çok sayıda olumsuz psikolojik etkiye neden olduğu görülmektedir. Türkçe’ye “Gelişmeleri Kaçırma Korkusu” olarak çevrilen “Fear of Missing Out” (FoMO), sosyal medya kullanımının artmasıyla meydana gelen olumsuz etkilerden biridir. Bu çalışmanın temel çıkış noktası olarak FoMO, bireylerin başkalarının deneyimlerini ve sosyal medyada sunulan mesajları kaçırma korkusu yaşamalarına karşılık gelmektedir. Bununla ilişkili olarak bu çalışmanın amacı tüketim kültürü bağlamında sosyal medya reklamlarına yönelik tutum ve algı arasındaki ilişki ve bu değişkenlerin, FoMO, demografik özellikler ve sosyal medya kullanımıyla ilişkisinin incelenmesidir. Araştırma kapsamında 18 yaş üzeri sosyal medya kullanıcılarından oluşan 477 kişiye anket uygulanmış ve elde edilen veriler analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma bulguları, sosyal medya reklamlarına yönelik tutum ve algı değişkenlerinin FoMO değişkeni ile ilişki içinde olduğunu göstermektedir. Sosyal medya reklamlarına yönelik tutum ve algının cinsiyet faktörüne bağlı olarak farklılık gösterdiği, ancak FoMO’nun cinsiyete göre değişmediği gözlemlenmiştir. Çalışmadan elde edilen bir diğer sonuca göre, kullanıcıların sosyal medyada geçirilen süre arttıkça, sosyal medya reklamlarına yönelik tutumlarının ve algılarının daha olumlu hale geldiği belirlenmiştir. Bu çalışma, sosyal medya reklamları ve FoMO arasındaki ilişkiyi araştırarak, tüketim kültürü ve sosyal medya konusunda perspektif sunmayı hedeflemektedir.
The Experience of MSME Players in Managing Digital-Based Business Finance: Case Study in Kediri, East Java, Indonesia
Authors: Ainiah Leni , Pamungkas Putra
Published: January 2025

The present study aimed to: 1) find out the experience of MSME players in adopting digital technology to manage their business finance, 2) find out the challenges that MSME players experience in managing digital finances, 3) find out the benefits that MSME players obtain after implementing digital-based financial management, 4) understand the role of digital technology in increasing the efficiency and effectiveness of MSME financial management. This study applied a descriptive qualitative method involving a population of 9553 MSME in Kediri. The samples were taken using a purposive sampling technique which was adjusted to the criteria of the study to obtain a sample of 5 business owners. The results of the study showed that MSME in the food sector, which must be eaten immediately, mostly used the Grabfood, Gofood and Shopeefood platforms. On the other hand, MSME that sell durable goods commonly use e-commerce platforms such as Tokopedia, Bukalapak, and Shopee. Overall, digital technology has provided significant roles and benefits for MSME, including: streamlining the time needed to record and analyze data, ensuring accurate and up-to-date financial data, helping MSME make more informative and strategic business decisions, allowing MSME to focus on more strategic business aspects.
OS MECANISMOS DE DEFESAS DO INCONSCIENTE OBSERVADOS NO REPORTE DE VIOLAÇÕES DE DADOS EXIGIDOS PELA LEI GERAL DE PROTEÇÃO DE DADOS PESSOAIS (LGPD)
Authors: Souza Alves Davis , Magera Conceição Márcio
Published: January 2025

A Lei Geral de Proteção de Dados Pessoais (LGPD) entrou em vigor em setembro de 2020 e tem como objetivo proteger os dados pessoais dos cidadãos, para isso, as empresas devem adotar diversas medidas para estarem adequadas à lei. Entre as mudanças corporativas, está a necessidade de as empresas possuírem uma área específica para receberem os reportes de violação de dados efetuados pelos titulares (cidadãos), e também reportar para a Autoridade Nacional de Proteção de Dados (ANPD). Como o dano para o titular é em grande parte subjetivo, questiona-se como pergunta problema desse estudo: Quais manifestações dos mecanismos de defesa do inconsciente, podem ser consideradas durante o Reporte de Violações de Dados? Embasado nos princípios da psicanálise freudiana, o objetivo desse estudo é identificar quais mecanismos de defesa do inconsciente podem ser considerados durante o Reporte de uma Violação de Dados? A investigação dessa pesquisa é do tipo qualitativa, com coleta de dados do tipo documental e tabuladas por exemplificação hipotética. Ao final esse estudo, apresenta-se exemplos de aspectos inconscientes dos titulares que podem influenciar o reporte de violações de dados para o Controlador e para a ANPD. Conclui-se que nem sempre as comunicações reportadas podem ser violações de dados pessoais.
IMAM MATURIDI – A PIONEER OF TAFSIR BI'L-DIRAYAH
Authors: Damanhuri Ahmad
Published: January 2025

In this article, one of the issues related to the history of the science of exegesis (tafsir) was studied, an attempt was made to shed light on the place of Imam Maturidi in the first stages of the emergence of this science, and to correctly indicate the position of Imam Maturidi in the system of this science. When talking about tafsir bi al-dirayah known as «tafsir bi al-ra’i», Imam Razi is often cited as the most prominent figure of this type of tafsir. However, after Imam Maturidi’s tafsir became popular and its first complete edition was published in 2004, it became clear that Imam Maturidi was ahead of Razi in establishing and studying this type of tafsir. The article begins with the definition of «tafsir bi al-ra’i» and the area of disagreement between those who reject it and those who allow it, then Imam Maturidi’s position on intellectual interpretation is explained. Then the most important rules of Imam Maturidi in interpreting with ra’i (opinion) will be reviewed and the most important norms that can be seen by reading his tafsir will be explained. Then the study ends with a description of the sources of ra’i under Imam Maturidi.
УБАЙДУЛЛОҲ ИБН МАСЪУДНИНГ “ТАВЗИҲ” АСАРИ МАНБАЛАРИ ҲАҚИДА
Authors: Nasrullayev Nematulla
Published: January 2025

Садрушшариа фиқҳ илмини янгидан таъриф этиши, усули фиқҳнинг фиқҳ ва усул таркибларидан эканини таъкидлаши, фиқҳнинг бирдан ортиқ мавзуларда бўлиши мумкинлигини илгари суриши, ўз фикрларини усули фиқҳга илова этиши, ижмони пухта билиши, ақл масаласида файласуфларнинг тўрт мартабали тушунчаларини усулга йўналтириши ва ҳиссий-шаръий феъллар ўртасидаги систематик бир тўхтамни ўртага қўя олиши каби хусуслар, у зотнинг маҳоратли ҳуқуқчи эканига далолат қилади. Убайдуллоҳ ибн Масъуднинг “ат-Тавзиҳ фи ғавомиз ат-Танқиҳ” асари матни араб тилида ёзилиб, маънолари баён ва мантиқ илмининг илдизларини очиб беради. Бу асарга ҳошия ёзган шориҳларнинг аксари, “Тавзиҳ”да бир қанча ноёб ўринлар борлигини, муаллифнинг уч масалада файласуфларга муҳолифат бўлганини ифода этадилар. Садрушшариа “Тавзиҳ”да ақл, таклиф, хусун-қубуҳ, қонун, идора каби бир неча фалсафий ғояларни усулнинг тамал масалалари қаторида келтиради. Шу сабабли фиқҳ усулининг ақлий ва нақлий эканини кўрсатган “Тавзиҳ” асари, ҳуқуқ фалсафасига оид бир китоб деб ҳам эътироф этилади. Ўтган етти асрдан зиёд вақт давомида нафақат Мовароуннаҳр, балки бутун ислом оламида аҳли сунна вал жамоа сифатида эътироф этилган ҳанафийлик фиқҳи ва мотуридия таълимотининг ривожида ўзига хос ўрин тутган фақиҳ – Убайдуллоҳ ибн Масъуд Тожушшарианинг илмий мероси етарлича ўрганилмаганлиги сабабларини аниқлаш ва тадқиқ қилиш муҳим аҳамият касб этади.
СИРОЖИДДИН ЎШИЙ ИЛМИЙ МЕРОСИ
Authors: Umaraliyev Sherzodjon
Published: January 2025

XII асрда Мовароуннаҳрда фаолият юритган ҳанафий мазҳаби намоёндаларидан бири Сирожиддин Ўший калом, фиқҳ ва ҳадис соҳаларида салмоқли илмий мерос қолдирган. Олимнинг ақида илмига бағишланган «Бад ал-амолий» асари нафақат Мовароуннаҳр, балки мотуридийлик ақидаси тарқалган барча минтақа мадрасаларида дарслик вазифасини ўтаган. Шу билан бирга, ушбу асар дунёнинг бир неча тилларига ўгирилиб, замонавий тадқиқотчилар томонидан ҳам кенг миқёсда ўрганиб келинмоқда.

Олимнинг ақида илмидан бошқа фиқҳ ва ҳадис илмида қолдирган илмий мероси ҳам эътиборга сазовор. Унинг «Фатовои сирожия» асари муаллифдан воқеликда сўралган нодир фатволарни мужассам этиш баробарида, ўзидан олдинги манбаларда келган фатволарнинг энг ишончлиларини саралаб олгани билан ажралиб туради. Мазкур асардан муаллифдан сўнг фаолият юритган кўплаб олимлар томонидан иқтибос олинган. Масалан, «Фатовои оламгирия» фатволар тўпламида «Фатовои сирожия»га уч юзга яқин ўринда, «ал-Баҳр ар-роиқ» ҳамда «Радд ал-мухтор» асарида юздан ортиқ масалада ушбу асарга мурожаат этилган. Шунга кўра, асарнинг ҳанафий мазҳабидаги аҳамияти юқори бўлгани билинади.

Сирожиддин Ўшийнинг ҳадис илмига оид «Нисоб ал-ахбор» ҳамда «Муснаду Анас ибн Молик» асарлари мавжуд. «Нисоб ал-ахбор» асарини муаллиф ўзининг «Ғурар ал-ахбор» асаридан қисқартириб олган. Мазкур асарда одоб ва фазилатларга оид 1001та ҳадис жамланган. Олимнинг «Муснаду Анас ибн Молик» асарида эса, муаллифнинг саҳоба Анас ибн Моликка етиб борувчи санадлар орқали ривоят қилган 300дан ортиқ ҳадислар келтирилган.
ИСТОРИЧЕСКИЙ И ПРАВОВОЙ АНАЛИЗ ВОЗНИКНОВЕНИя И РАЗВИТИЯ КАЗИЯТОВ В МАВЕРАННАХРЕ
Authors: Bekmirzayev Ilhomjon
Published: January 2025

Начиная с X века, в Мавераннахре начинается определенная систематизация отрасли науки фикха. В этот период ученые Мавераннахра начали собирать фетва, относящиеся к ханафитскому мазхабу.

Одним из первых ученых, начавших сбор фетва ханафитского мазхаба, был Абу Лайс Самаркандий, который в своих произведениях «ан-Навазил» и «Уйюн аль-масаил» привел фетва предыдущих ученых. Позднее широко стали публиковаться произведения под названиями вакеъат (событие), навозил и фетава. Такие произведения как «аль-Хавий фи-ль-фатава» Мухаммада ибн Ибрахима ибн Ануша Хасирий Бухари (ум. 500/1107 г.), «Мажма аль-фатава» Фахруддина Ахмада ибн Мухаммада ибн Абу Бакра Ханафи (ум. 522/1128 г.), «Фатава садр аш-шахид» Садра Шахида можно отнести к первым произведениям жанра фатава. Из всего этого известно, что с самых древних времён Мавераннахр является одним из очагов мировой культуры. Здесь были выработаны ряд принципов по составлению и оформлению юридических документов, по ведению юридических дел, которые и сейчас являются основой для современной правовой системы.
А также, из истории нам известно, что система кази является юридическим учреждением. Однако, до сегодняшнего времени основные принципы их деятельности не нашли научного обоснования. В статье на основе оргинальных рукописных произведений исследуются история и порядок написания документов в казиятах в исламском мире и в Мавераннахре, рассматривается оформление документов в Казихане Самарканда и Бухары и деятельность казиев в X-XIII веков, которые и сейчас являются основой для современной правовой системы.
УСУЛ АЛ-ФИҚҲДА СУННАТ ТУШУНЧАСИ ВА ҲАДИСЛАРНИНГ ДАРАЖАСИГА КЎРА ҚЎЛЛАНИЛИШИ
Authors: HAKIMOVA Nigora
Published: January 2025

Мақолада суннат атамасининг луғавий ва истилоҳий маънолари ҳамда ислом ҳуқуқида қўлланилиши мазҳаблар ёндашуви мисолида очиб берилган. Бугунги кунда усул ал-фиқҳ илмида қўлланиладиган суннат атамаси расман Имом Шофеийнинг «ар-Рисола» асари ёзилганидан сўнг истеъмолга киритилган. Мақолада бу даврга қадар суннат сўзи ўзининг луғавий ва фиқҳий маъноларида Пайғамбар (с.а.в.) ҳадисларида ва саҳобийлар томонидан қўлланилгани мақолада ёритиб берилган. Суннат атамасини ислом ҳуқуқида қўлланиши борасидаги қарашларни атрофлича таҳлил қилиш бу истилоҳни фиқҳнинг барча соҳаларида тўғри қўллаш учун зарур ҳисобланади. Мақолада ислом ҳуқуқининг асосий манбаларидан бири бўлган суннатда муттасил ҳадисларнинг қўлланилиши очиб берилган. Муттасил ҳадислар ҳанафий мазҳабида мутавотир, машҳур ва оҳод турларга ажратиб ўрганилади. Ҳадисларнинг бундай таснифланиши улардан ижтиҳод жараёнида ҳужжат сифатида фойдаланиш асосларини белгилаб беради.
«NAVOBIG‘ АL-KALIM» ASARI BALOG‘ATIGA XIZMAT QILGAN LEKSIK VOSITALAR VA UNDA QO‘LLANGAN TAJNIS (JINOS) SAN’ATI
Authors: BAKIROV Begzod
Published: January 2025

Ushbu maqola Mahmud Zamaxshariy o’zining «Navabig‘u-l-kalim» asarida badiiy san’atlarni qo‘llaganda fonetik vositalardan qay tarzda foydalanganini tahlil qilish maqsad qilib olingan. Bunda ba’zi badiiy san’atlar faolroq qo‘llangan, ba’zilari qo‘llanmagan bo‘lishi mumkinligini hisobga olib, har bir badiiy san’at haqida uning nazariyasini, so‘ngra unga «Navabig‘u-l-kalim» asarda qay tarzda qo‘llangani keltirib o‘tildi va so‘ngida umumiy xulosa berildi. Badiiy vositalarning hosil bo‘lishi muayyan tilda ro‘y berishi mumkin bo‘lgan tilshunoslik hodisalari chegarasida amalga oshadi. Shunga ko‘ra barcha tillarda faol bo‘lgan badiiy san’atlar bilan bir qatorda ayrim tillar uchun faol bo‘lmagan san’atlar bor. Maqolada arab tili uchun faol bo‘lgan san’at turlari grammatik xususiyatlariga ko‘ra
g‘arb tilshunosligida o‘rganib kelinayotgan fonetik, morfologik, leksik va sintaktik xususiyatlardan kelib chiqib tasnif qilish ham asosiy maqsaq qilib olingan. Arab xatida yozilgan badiiy asarlarda shu yozuv xususiyatlaridan ham go‘zallik namunasi sifatida foydalanilgan. Natijada yozuv san’atiga oid qoidalar ham shakllangan bo‘lib, ular grafik vositalar sifatida tasnifga kiritildi.
XI-XII АСРЛАР МОВАРОУННАҲР ҲАНАФИЙ ФИҚҲИГА ОИД АСАРЛАР ТАҲЛИЛИ
Authors: MUKHTAROV Bekzodbek
Published: January 2025

XI–XII асрларда Мовароуннаҳрда фиқҳ илми ривожининг олтин даври ҳисобланади. Ҳанафий фиқҳи илмининг иккинчи йирик соҳаси «фуруъ ал-фиқҳ» илми бўлиб, у «усул ал-фиқҳ» илмида белгилаб берилган қоидалар асосида ишлаб чиқилган амалий ҳукмлар мажмуи ҳисобланади. Унда мужтаҳидларнинг шаръий далиллари, улар асосида чиқарилган ҳукмлар ва фатволар жамланган. Ўрганувчиларга осон бўлиши учун ҳукмлар мавзулар асосидаги матнлар шаклида тартибланган. Мазкур даврда ўлкада ҳанафий фиқҳ илмининг усул ва фуру йўналиши ҳамда уларнинг матн, жадал, хилоф, аҳком, фароиз, шурут, адаб ал-қози, ҳиял, сияр, ихтисоб, фиқҳий қоидалар илми ҳамда фатво жанрларида 50га яқин машҳур асарлар таълиф этилган. XI–XII асрларда ёзилган фиқҳий манбалар методологияси кейинги даврдаги асарлар ёзилишига асос бўлиб хизмат қилди. Ушбу мақолада Мовароуннаҳрда ёзилган ҳанафий фиқҳига оид асарлар, уларнинг жанри, услублари, муаллифларнинг ўзига хос ёндашувлари ҳамда ҳанафий фиқҳ илми ривожидаги ўрни тадқиқ этилган.
Advancing Recruitment Practices: Integrating Explainable AI for Transparent and Ethical Decision-Making
Authors: Choudhary Saurabh , Janarthanan Midhunchakkaravarthy
Published: January 2025

The research focuses on improving transparency and equity in hiring by utilizing Explainable AI (XAI). Conventional AI-based hiring has been criticized for biased and inaccurate decisions. To address this, we propose a framework integrating LIME (Local Interpretable Model-agnostic Explanations) and SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations) for clear insights into AI decision-making, effectively tackling the "black-box" issue. By combining LIME and SHAP, the framework offers transparent justifications for AI-generated choices using diverse data sources, such as resumes and social media profiles, to build a robust training dataset. Evaluation metrics like accuracy and recall confirm the reliability of these models in generating fair forecasts. This approach enhances the equity of hiring systems, building trust among recruiters and job seekers through explicit explanations of AI-driven decisions. Ultimately, incorporating Explainable AI addresses transparency concerns and advances ethical, accountable recruitment practices.
Fuzzy Decision-Making Models for Renewable Energy Investments
Authors: Jain Chhavi , Sangal Atul
Published: January 2025

Achieving sustainable development goals and addressing climate issues requires a shift toward renewable energy. Traditional decision-making models struggle with the uncertainties in real-world data. This chapter explores fuzzy decision-making models, such as Fuzzy TOPSIS, FAHP, and FMCDM, to improve investment evaluation in renewable energy. These models handle uncertainty and make decision procedures more flexible. Case studies illustrate practical applications, such as optimizing investment plans and ranking criteria like start-up costs, maintenance, energy generation, environmental impact, and public opinion. The chapter emphasizes the importance of fuzzy decision-making in overcoming uncertainties and promoting sustainable energy investments. It highlights the need for sophisticated tools and ethical accountability to strengthen renewable energy strategies for a sustainable future.
Optimizing property valuation: A systematic approach for selecting comparable sales based on similarity and reliability criteria in the Market Comparison Approach
Authors: Salvo Francesca , Tavano Daniela
Published: January 2025

The Market Comparison Approach (MCA) is the most widely utilized method for assessing a property’s market value. This approach entails comparing the property to a selection of similar properties with known sale prices. It operates on the premise that the market assigns a property’s price in a manner akin to how it prices comparable properties. The accuracy of the MCA is closely linked to the quality of the process used for selecting these comparable properties; the closer the similarities and the more reliable the sale prices, the higher the precision of the assessment. The valuer’s objective is to identify the optimal combination of comparable sales that meet the standards of similarity and reliability. This study introduces a systematic procedure for selecting the most suitable comparable sales, employing quantitative metrics to evaluate both property similarity and the transparency and dependability of their sale prices. The methodology leverages the «Ideal Point Method» operational principles to classify and select the most appropriate comparables. This ensures a thorough and replicable process in choosing reference properties for accurate market value assessment. This research underscores the critical significance of selecting comparable properties, as this choice can substantially influence the diversity of valuation outcomes. With proper evaluation criteria, interpreting and justifying these results can prove easier. The findings from case studies indicate that the MCA demonstrates enhanced effectiveness when applied to a carefully curated selection of comparables based on specific criteria, as evidenced by minimal discrepancies between adjusted prices and reduced forecasting error margins.Additionally, the analysis shows a notable decline in the model’s accuracy as the dataset size increases, attributed to the inclusion of less suitable comparable properties in the valuation process.
The allocation system and rationality measures in the valuation of mixed-crop agricultural land
Authors: Salvo Francesca , Tavano Daniela , Rubuano Giovanni
Published: January 2025

The valuation of agricultural land is a complex task, influenced by markets characterized by low transparency and limited activity, which restrict the ability to form a sufficiently representative real estate sample. The lack of information that typifies land markets makes traditional statistical and econometric models impractical. In contrast, mathematical models based on valuation systems, such as the General Appraisal System (GAS) and the Allocation System (AR), offer an effective solution. The AR, in particular, breaks down the value of a complex property into its main components, using implicit average prices to quantify the contribution of each part to the overall price. This method, primarily used for appraising average values related to surface characteristics, is well suited for the evaluation of land with multiple types of crops. Although the valuation literature attests to its reliability as a tool for assessing agricultural land, its practical application remains relatively limited. To address this gap, the present work examines the applicability of AR to land markets through the presentation of a concrete valuation case study. The main objectives are to illustrate the process of determining the assessed value and to analyze the benefits of the optimal selection of comparable sales. This phase, conducted by applying specific measures to the appraisal sample, highlights the importance of selecting comparable properties, which can be crucial in distinguishing between heterogeneous valuation results, often difficult to interpret and justify without appropriate valuation criteria.
Non-plural interpretations of some: Mouse-tracking evidence for quick social reasoning in real-time
Authors: Li Wei , Rohde Hannah , Corley Martin
Published: January 2025

In support of an account in which disfluency can cue social reasoning in real time, Loy et al. (2019) showed that listeners are more likely to make an early commitment to a socially undesirable meaning of some as all, if it follows disfluent uh in a context where larger values are associated with greed (“I ate, [uh], some biscuits”). However, their finding is also compatible with an account in which disfluency simply heightens attention to the core semantic meaning of some, namely, some and possibly all. The current study differentiates these two accounts, using contexts in which smaller values are the socially undesirable interpretations of some. In two experiments, we recorded participants’ mouse movements as they heard fluent and disfluent utterances in a job interview context (“I have, [uh], some qualifications”) and clicked on one of four images corresponding to specific interpretations of some. Here, in keeping with an account in which the effects of disfluency reflect social reasoning, and contrary to one in which such effects depend on heightened attention, disfluency reduces the value participants associate with some. We found that participants were more likely to select images corresponding to one, or zero, qualifications following disfluent utterances. However, their mouse movements show that they are quick to commit to one qualification (Experiment 1) and slow to commit to zero (Experiment 2), suggesting that social context and manner of speech can combine to affect the interpretation of some as an utterance unfolds. Assigning its meaning to one is relatively easy, but imposing a meaning of zero – in effect, deciding that a speaker is lying – is more demanding.
Usage and awareness of nutritional screening tools by nurses caring for pediatric patients in Yozgat province
Authors: Taşdan Kübra , Andıran Şenaylı Yeşim , Çiçek Zeynep
Published: January 2025

Aims: Malnutrition is a significant health issue in children and is closely related to prolonged hospital stays, increased complications, and mortality risk in hospitalized children. Effective use of nutritional screening tools is crucial for early detection of malnutrition. In this context, the active use of nutritional screening tools, the skill to use these tools, and the level of awareness about these tools among nurses who closely care for pediatric patients are vital factors that can potentially improve pediatric patients' health. Our study examines the usage and awareness of nutritional screening tools among nurses caring for pediatric patients in Yozgat province, a region with unique healthcare challenges and opportunities.
Methods: The study was planned as a prospective, descriptive, and cross-sectional design. Ninety-four nurses caring for pediatric patients in Yozgat province and its districts were administered an online questionnaire of 22 questions, which was designed to assess their knowledge, skills, and attitudes towards nutritional screening tools. The questionnaire was distributed through a secure online platform and included both closed-ended and open-ended questions. Data were evaluated using descriptive statistics with SPSS version 27.0.
Results: Of the participants, 78.7% were female and 21.3% were male. 60.6% of the participants were in the age range of 25-34 years, 62.8% had a bachelor's degree, 66% worked at state university hospitals, 30.9% had 6-10 years of professional experience, 74.5% were service nurses, and 39.4% had been involved with pediatric patients for 0-1 years. The most frequently cared age group was 3-6 years (19.9%) and 1-3 years (18.1%). 27.7% of the participants assessed nutrition risk status using visual assessment, 25.5% through anthropometric measurements, and 34% reported referring the physician and dietitian for intervention in risk detection. 47.9% indicated the presence of a screening scale in their institution, 57.1% used the form, 25.5% did not know the name of the screening scale, and 6.4% used the StrongKids scale.
Conclusion: Our study determined that nurses caring for pediatric patients often consider the screening scale as a secondary option for identifying the nutrition risk status, predominantly performing visual and anthropometric evaluations, and did not demonstrate sufficient proficiency or importance regarding screening scales. Although the determination of risk status varies according to the scale used, the significance of screening scales in detecting malnutrition is substantial. Therefore, our study recommends that necessary training be provided to pediatric nurses to use these tools more effectively and that current practices be reviewed. This will not only enable better assessment of the nutritional status of pediatric patients but also instill hope for the implementation of steps to prevent malnutrition.
Does hypertension develop in children patients who underwent pyeloplasty due to unilateral ureteropelvic junction stenosis
Authors: Yayla Derya , Tiryaki Hüseyin Tuğrul
Published: January 2025

Aims: Hypertension may develop in children with renal and cardiovascular pathologies. In our study, we aimed to investigate
the prevalence of hypertension in children who underwent pyeloplasty.
Methods: We retrospectively evaluated the blood pressure values measured in the postoperative period in children who were diagnosed with ureteropelvic junction stenosis and underwent pyeloplasty in the pediatric urology clinic of Ankara City
Hospital between 2007 and 2020.
Results: In our study, 167 patients (48 women, 123 men; mean age 3.6; 58 right, 109 left) who underwent pyeloplasty due
to UPJO were evaluated. In the postoperative follow-up, hypertension was detect-ed in 5 patients (2.9%). Bilateral patients
were excluded from the study. Of the 5 patients who developed hypertension, one had a pelvic ectopic kidney and one had a contralateral multicystic dysplastic kidney. All of the patients who developed hypertension had intrinsic UPJO; 3 of them were catheterized with a percutaneous nephrostomy catheter preoperatively. The mean MAG3 function was 43.3%. While the mean follow-up period of the patients was 5.6 years, it was ob-served that hypertension developed in an average of 3.5 years. In the postoperative period, there was an average increase of 1.2% in the functions of these five patients in the control scintigraphy. No patient who developed hypertension underwent a second surgical intervention.
Conclusion: In cases where pyeloplasty was performed due to UPJO, blood pressure should be monitored in the postoperative period. Blood pressure should be checked, especially in advanced hydronephrotic patients with a history of percutaneous nephrostomy in the preoperative period.
Las máquinas deseantes de la cuentística regionalista centroamericana, 1930-1950
Authors: Sánchez-Salvà Marta
Published: January 2025

This comparative work approaches five regionalist short stories from the Central American canon of the first half of the twentieth century. I propose to read the afflictions their main characters suffer as a metaphysical dissidence against the effects of the colonial-imperialistcapitalist complex in Central American society. To this end, I identify pairs of antithetical images that disconnect the land from the regionalist characters, on the one hand, and that reconnect them with nature, on the other. Based on the notion of desiring machines by Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari, I approach these images as the production of literary machines that produce flights of desire in the social production of capitalism.
Catálogo para el estudio del proceso de diálogo-negociación que puso fin a la guerra civil salvadoreña desde una antología de textos de Méndez Arceo y Ellacuría
Authors: Hernández Carlos Mauricio
Published: January 2025

This catalog is a result of a review of materials on Sergio Méndez Arceo, a Mexican bishop who was active in the solidarity movement with the Salvadoran revolutionary process, and Ignacio Ellacuría, martyred rector of the UCA. Both are key figures in the study and understanding of the complexity that led to the Salvadoran civil war (1980-1992) and the dialogue/negotiation process that brought it to an end. The objective is to encourage, from the hints found in the sources consulted, further research on that period and on the theoretical and practical profile of these two authors and political actors who seek peace with justice in the country and in the world.
Penggunaan Media Audio Visual Visual untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Memahami Isi Teks Narasi pada Siswa Kelas IV SD Negeri 25 Palembang
Authors: Safera Tri Utami  , Marwan Pulungan  , Anita Putri Oktariani
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan memahami isi teks narasi pada siswa kelas IV SD Negeri 25 Palembang dengan menggunakan media audio visual. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK), dilaksanakan dalam 2 siklus dan terdiri dari 4 tahap yaitu perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi dan refleksi. Teknik pengumpulan data berupa observasi dan tes hasil belajar. Teknik analisis data berupa data deskriptif kualitatif, instrumen penelitian menggunakan lembar observasi dan soal evaluasi dalam bentuk pilihan ganda. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terjadi peningkatan kemampuan memahami isi teks narasi pada peserta didik kelas IV SD Negeri 25 Palembang. Hasil observasi aktivitas guru siklus I mencapai 80% dengan kategori baik dan siklus II mencapai 94% dengan kategori sangat baik. Sedangkan hasil observasi aktivitas peserta didik siklus I mencapai 78% dengan kategori baik dan siklus II mencapai 91% dengan kategori sangat baik. Adapun nilai hasil belajar siklus I menunjukkan terdapat 17 anak yang tuntas pada pencapaian 54,84% dan peserta didik yang tidak tuntas 14 anak pada pencapaian 45,16%. Sedangkan nilai hasil belajar peserta didik pada siklus II peserta didik yang tuntas sebanyak 29 anak dengan nilai pencapaian 93,54% dan peserta didik yang tidak tuntas 2 anak dengan penapaian 6,46%. Hal ini membuktikan bahwa penggunaan media berbasis audi0 visual dapat meningkatkan kemampuan memahami isi teks narasi pada peserta didik kelas IV SD Negeri 25 Palembang.
Geothermal Energy Utilization of Co-Production Water from Oilfields for Electric Power Generation
Authors: Abou El Leil Ibrahim , Tawfic Seham , Mohammed Ahmed
Published: January 2025

One significant source of geothermal energy is the co-produced hot water from oil/gas field production. There is potential to utilize oilfield infrastructure to produce geothermal electricity profitably, in a process called co-production. Due to the increasing demands of energy now days, this paper presents an investigation of geothermal energy production and utilization for electricity generation on the petroleum fields via organic Rankine cycle (ORC) technology, which is a reliable way to convert heat into electricity. The current research focuses on the use of an ORC unit to generate electricity from co-produced water from ten oil wells in two oilfields, Jalo and Sarir. These wells refer to GX1, GX2, Gx3, GX4, GX5, SX1, SX2, SX3, SX4, and SX5, and they are combined in gathering centers (GC1) and (SC2) to utilize an existing medium-temperature geothermal source. The estimated total flow rates of co-produced water from the two gathering centers after separation are 5,728.34 BWPD and 14,618.65 BWPD respectively. Whereas, the geofluid mass flow rates from both oilfields are 12.25 kg/s and 34.05 kg/s, respectively, with an inlet geofluid (brine) temperature (T1) of 60°C and an outlet geofluid temperature (T2) of 35°C. The thermal efficiency (ηth) values for the Jalo and Sarir oilfields are 3.28% and 4.22%, respectively. According to the power output analysis, which indicates that the specific power outputs are 5.17 kW/kg/s and 9.85 kW/kg/s, and the gross power outputs are 63.33 kW and 338.80 kW, respectively, with a required hot water flow rate of 12.25 kg/s and 34.05 kg/s. This study revealed that the temperature and water flow rate are crucial factors affecting power output. By using an ORC plant, the generated electric power can be used in the field, supplied to the local grid, or utilized to offset on-field electricity consumption. Also, this study recommended by focusing efforts to extract the energy through electric power generation via production oil wells in oilfields.
Gaz à effet de serre anthropiques : CO2 et CH4
Authors: CREVOISIER Cyril
Published: January 2025

L’observation spatiale des gaz à effet de serre (GES) est récente et exigeante. Elle utilise diverses techniques : spectromètres passifs dans le proche infrarouge ou l’infrarouge thermique, occultation solaire, lidar. La détermination des flux en surface requiert l’estimation des colonnes atmosphériques de GES, puis leur inversion par combinaison avec des modèles atmosphériques. L’auteur dresse également un panorama des missions spatiales dédiées aux GES.
La chimie réactive de la troposphère
Authors: SAFIEDDINE Sarah , VIATTE Camille
Published: January 2025

L'observation globale des espèces réactives dans l'atmosphère s'est améliorée au cours de la dernière décennie, notamment grâce au lancement de nombreuses missions satellitaires dans le monde entier et à l'amélioration des méthodes de détection et d’inversion. Dans ce chapitre, nous examinons les principales espèces réactives organiques et inorganiques qui alimentent la chimie atmosphérique dans la troposphère.
Polluants majeurs : ozone et particules fines
Authors: CUESTA Juan , DUFOUR Gaëlle
Published: January 2025

Les satellites météorologiques se retrouvent principalement dans deux catégories d’orbites : les orbites basses (LEO) et l’orbite géostationnaire (GEO). Pour les orbites LEO, on explique les caractéristiques importantes que sont l’héliosynchronisme, le phasage, les heures de passage, l’échantillonnage compte tenu de la fauchée des instruments. Pour les satellites GEO, on détaille les conditions d’observation. Les exemples s’appuient sur les satellites actuels.
Polymères sous rayonnements ionisants : introduction et principes de base
Authors: NGONO Yvette
Published: January 2025

Les modifications radio-induites commencent par le dépôt d’énergie lors de processus d’interaction qui dépendent du type de rayonnement, de son énergie et de la composition du polymère. Les défauts finaux, découlant des espèces primaires radio-induits, et leur efficacité de création dépendent de paramètres intrinsèques au matériau et aux rayonnements et de paramètres extrinsèques tels que l’atmosphère et la température d’irradiation.
Dégradation de multicouches : étude par microscopie infrarouge et Raman
Authors: PLANES Émilie , DUBELLEY Florence , BAS Corine , FLANDIN Lionel
Published: January 2025

Des films polymères multicouches sont caractérisés par microscopies Raman et Infrarouge, offrant des détails sur leur structure, composition et vieillissement. La combinaison de ces deux techniques permet de comprendre les interactions entre polymères, les changements moléculaires et les réponses aux contraintes environnementales. Les sensibilités des techniques sont comparées pour différentes fonctions chimiques. La microscopie Raman offre une meilleure résolution spatiale pour les profils d’oxydation.
Retardateurs de flamme et polymères : des propriétés fonctionnelles
Authors: BOURBIGOT Serge , FONTAINE Gaëlle
Published: January 2025

Ce chapitre présente en premier lieu les grandes étapes de la combustion des polymères, ainsi que les principales méthodes d’essai existantes. Il décrit également les modes d’action des différents retardateurs de flamme. Celles-ci sont illustrées pour plusieurs polymères courants. Il traite enfin de la question du vieillissement de formulations dont la performance en termes de résistance au feu doit être maintenue dans le temps.
People information modeling : le BIM pour intégrer l’humain en conception
Authors: MAVROS Panos
Published: January 2025

Ce chapitre porte sur les technologies émergentes qui vont permettre aux équipes de conception de prendre en compte le comportement et la cognition des utilisateurs finaux. L’intégration du BIM dans les processus de conception apporte 3+1 nouvelles approches, à savoir : la simulation du comportement humain, des études comportementales dans la réalité virtuelle, l’analyse des données d’utilisation pendant la vie d’un projet, et finalement l’analyse des propriétés des bâtiments à une échelle urbaine ou nationale pour cibler l'élaboration des nouvelles politiques.