bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the Zero Waste Project in Istanbul District Municipalities from the Perspective of Sustainable Urban Planning
Authors: Henden Şolt Hatice Burçin
Published: August 2023

Rapid migration towards cities is occurring due to economic and social reasons. Industrialization, urbanization, and changes in consumption habits are creating environmental problems. Sustainable urban planning is necessary to ensure people’s quality of life in future cities. The establishment of strategic waste management processes is crucial. This topic encompasses the awareness, education, adaptation, and implementation of them by urban residents. The “Zero Waste Project” was initiated in Türkiye in 2017, and local governments have a significant responsibility for its implementation. City administrations strive to create clean, healthy, contemporary, and livable environmental conditions for their stakeholders. The aim of this study was to examine the Zero Waste Project system, an important approach for planning sustainable cities. Istanbul has 39 district municipalities. In this study, the amount of waste collected by the municipalities affiliated with Istanbul within the scope of the “Zero Waste Project” in 2022 was determined. Data were obtained from the “Zero Waste Project Implementation” sections of the 2022 activity reports of the 39 district municipalities. Data on the quantities in the categories of packaging, glass, clothing and textiles, electronics, batteries, vegetable oil, pharmaceuticals, tires, motor oil, and wood waste were obtained. This help us understand, the implementation of waste management systems in Istanbul district municipalities. In addition, the “Zero Waste Awareness and Incentive” activities carried out in Istanbul district municipalities are emphasized. The Zero Waste Project has the potential to improve the sustainability of urban living. It can be evaluated as a participatory environmental policy in terms of sustainable urban planning.
Transcriptome Analysis of Spirulina platensis sp. at Different Salinity and Nutrient Compositions for Sustainable Cultivation in Vietnam
Authors: Hong Dang Diem , Hien Hoang Thi Minh , Thom Le Thi , Ha Nguyen Cam , Huy Le Anh , Thu Ngo Thi Hoai , Cuong Nguyen , Tang Doris Ying Ying , Show Pau Loke
Published: August 2023

This study investigates the suitability of Spirulina-Ogawa-Terui (SOT) culture media with various nutrition concentrations for the laboratory growth of salt-tolerant Spirulina platensis ST. Among the four saltwater mediums, 25% SOT media (42‰ salinity) demonstrated a satisfactory performance, with maximum absorbance at a wavelength 556 nm reading of 0.76. After 15 cultivation days, the protein, carbohydrate, lipid, phycocyanin, chlorophyll a, and carotenoid contents reached 48.73%, 22.14%, 7.32%, 10.23%, 0.53%, and 0.12% of the dry cell weight (DCW), respectively. The growth of S. platensis ST is influenced by the culture medium with a salinity of 13‰ and 52‰, as well as different nutrient compositions. Transcriptional sequencing revealed that the response of S. platensis ST to salt stress was mainly expressed by regulating the gene expression involved in metabolic pathways such as photosynthesis and signaling transduction. Under nutritional and salt stress, S. platensis ST responds by modulating the gene expression involved in the synthesis of vital molecules, for example, growth regulators and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) producers. In conclusion, this study provides an insight into enhancing the ability of S. platensis to tolerate salt stress. The findings indicate that future efforts in algal-based cultivation research in seawater should focus on increasing the productivity to develop a sustainable industry for biomass production.
Sustainable Off-Site Construction in Desert Environments: Zero-Energy Houses as Case Studies
Authors: Alshikh Zahraa , Trepci Esra , Rodriguez-Ubinas Edwin
Published: August 2023

The construction industry is one of the largest consumers of natural resources, and the building sector accounts for around 40% of energy consumption and CO2 emissions. To contribute to the need for more sustainable solutions, this research analyzed and highlighted the benefits of off-site construction, utilizing eleven zero-energy prefabricated houses from the Solar Decathlon Middle East competition as case studies. The study used construction data documented by the competition organizers, such as drawings, manuals, photos, and in-person observations during the assembly process. The comparative analysis focused on the construction categories, types of solutions, structural materials, façade types, and building materials. The case studies featured both heavy and lightweight construction and three types of off-site construction: panelized, volumetric, and hybrid. The hybrid construction was the most utilized since it combines the advantages of less intensive on-site work of the volumetric solutions with the transportation benefits of 2D elements. The designers justified their selection of timber as a structural material based on its low environmental impact. In addition, they enhanced the environmental benefits of off-site construction by selecting eco-friendly materials and solutions that increase the efficiency of the houses.
Multi-Material Additive Manufacturing: Creating IN718-AISI 316L Bimetallic Parts by 3D Printing, Debinding, and Sintering
Authors: Ferro Paolo , Fabrizi Alberto , Elsayed Hamada , Savio Gianpaolo
Published: August 2023

Allowing for complex shape and low energy consumption, 3D printing, debinding, and sintering (PDS) is a promising and cost-effective additive manufacturing (AM) technology. Moreover, PDS is particularly suitable for producing bimetallic parts using two metal/polymer composite filaments in the same nozzle, known as co-extrusion, or in different nozzles, in a setup called bi-extrusion. The paper describes a first attempt to produce bimetallic parts using Inconel 718 and AISI 316L stainless steel via PDS. The primary goal is to assess the metallurgical characteristics, part shrinkage, relative density, and the interdiffusion phenomenon occurring at the interface of the two alloys. A first set of experiments was conducted to investigate the effect of deposition patterns on the above-mentioned features while keeping the same binding and sintering heat treatment. Different sintering temperatures (1260 °C, 1300 °C, and 1350 °C) and holding times (4 h and 8 h) were then investigated to improve the density of the printed parts. Co-extruded parts showed a better dimensional stability against the variations induced by the binding and sintering heat treatment, compared to bi-extruded samples. In co-extruded parts, shrinkage depends on scanning strategy; moreover, the higher the temperature and holding time of the sintering heat treatment, the higher the density reached. The work expands the knowledge of PDS for metallic multi-materials, opening new possibilities for designing and utilizing functionally graded materials in optimized components. With the ability to create intricate geometries and lightweight structures, PDS enables energy savings across industries, such as the aerospace and automotive industries, by reducing component weight and enhancing fuel efficiency. Furthermore, PDS offers substantial advantages in terms of resource efficiency, waste reduction, and energy consumption compared to other metal AM technologies, thereby reducing environmental impact.
Infinitely Many Positive Solutions to Nonlinear First-Order Iterative Systems of Singular BVPs on Time Scales
Authors: Zheng Famei , Wang Xiaojing , Cheng Xiwang , Du Bo
Published: August 2023

Iterative differential equations provide a new idea to study functional differential equations. The study of iterative equations can provide new methods for the study of differential equations with state-dependent delays. In this paper, we are concerned with proving the existence of infinitely many positive solutions to nonlinear first-order iterative systems of singular BVPs on time scales by using Krasnoselskii’s cone fixed point theorem in a Banach space. It is worth pointing out that in this paper, we can use the symmetry of the iterative process and Green’s function to transform the considered differential equation into an equivalent integral equation, which plays a key role in the proof of the theorem in this paper.
Thermal Enhancement in the Ternary Hybrid Nanofluid (SiO2+Cu+MoS2/H2O) Symmetric Flow Past a Nonlinear Stretching Surface: A Hybrid Cuckoo Search-Based Artificial Neural Network Approach
Authors: Ullah Asad , Waseem  , Khan Muhammad Imran , Awwad Fuad A. , Ismail Emad A. A.
Published: August 2023

In this article, we considered a 3D symmetric flow of a ternary hybrid nanofluid flow (THNF) past a nonlinear stretching surface. The effect of the thermal radiation is considered. The THNF nanofluid SiO2+Cu+MoS2/H2O is considered in this work, where the shapes of the particles are assumed as blade, flatlet, and cylindrical. The problem is formulated into a mathematical model. The modeled equations are then reduced into a simpler form with the help of suitable transformations. The modeled problem is then tackled with a new machine learning approach known as a hybrid cuckoo search-based artificial neural network (HCS-ANN). The results are presented in the form of figures and tables for various parameters. The impact of the volume fraction coefficients ϕ1, ϕ2, and ϕ3, and the radiation parameter is displayed through graphs and tables. The higher numbers of the radiation parameter (Rd) and the cylinder-shaped nanoparticles, ϕ3, enhance the thermal profile. In each case, the residual error, error histogram, and fitness function for the optimization problem are presented. The results of the HCS-ANN are validated through mean square error and statistical graphs in the last section, where the accuracy of our implemented technique is proved.
Biochar Derived from Post-Adsorbent for Immobilizing Cu and Cd in Sediment: The Effect on Heavy Metal Species and the Microbial Community Composition
Authors: Sun Qinju , Lin Shaohua , Liu Guohua , Li Pingping
Published: August 2023

Many biomass wastes or their modified forms have been investigated as heavy metal adsorbents. However, less emphasis has been placed on post-adsorbent management or possible further utilization. In this study, biochar (BC) derived from modified bamboo adsorbent after the adsorption of Cu from an aqueous solution was used for the in situ remediation of lake sediment contaminated with Cd and Cu. The results indicated that the Cu concentration was extremely low (≤0.015 mg/L), while Cd was not detected in the overlying water or the interstitial water after the 90-day BC treatment. The pH value (7.5–8.1) slightly increased, and the toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) leachability of the Cu and Cd in the sediment decreased overall. Cu and Cd were preferentially transformed into more stable species. The findings highlighted the potential possibility of BC derived from post-adsorbent being used for sediment remediation. However, the BC addition produced significant effects on the sediment microbial activity and community structure. In general, with an increase in BC, the urease activity increased, while the alkaline phosphatase and invertase activity decreased, which could be attributed to the BC itself. In addition, significant changes in both bacterial and fungal genera were observed. Hence, a cautious approach should be taken in the practical application of BC.
Heated Tobacco Products: Insights into Composition and Toxicity
Authors: Upadhyay Swapna , Rahman Mizanur , Johanson Gunnar , Palmberg Lena , Ganguly Koustav
Published: August 2023

Heated tobacco products (HTPs) are novel products that allow users to inhale nicotine by heating (350 °C) reconstituted tobacco rather than combustion (900 °C) as in conventional cigarettes. HTP sticks containing reconstituted tobacco come in various flavours such as menthol, citrus, etc., like electronic cigarette liquids. Thus, the composition of HTP aerosol will also vary according to the flavouring agents added. Overall, the content of toxic chemicals in HTP aerosol appears to be lower than in cigarette smoke. However, the concentrations of more than twenty harmful and potentially harmful constituents have been reported to be higher in HTP aerosol than in cigarette smoke. Further, several toxic compounds not detected in cigarette smoke are also reported in HTP aerosol. Thus, the risks of HTP use remain unknown. Most of the available data on the composition and health effects of mainstream HTP aerosol exposure are generated by the tobacco industry. Few independent studies have reported short-term pathophysiological effects of HTP use. Currently available HTP toxicity data are mainly on the pulmonary and cardiovascular systems. Moreover, there are no long-term toxicity data and, therefore, the claims of the tobacco industry regarding HTPs as a safer alternative to traditional combustible cigarettes are unsubstantiated. Furthermore, HTP aerosol contains the highly addictive substance nicotine, which is harmful to the adolescent brain, developing foetuses, pregnant women, and also adults. Hence, comprehensive studies addressing the safety profiling related to long-term HTP use are warranted. With this background, the following review summarizes the current state of knowledge on HTP toxicity on four broad lines: composition of mainstream HTP aerosol compared to traditional combustible cigarette smoke, biomarkers of HTP exposure, health effects of HTP exposure, and the harm reduction aspect.
Cloud-Based Reinforcement Learning in Automotive Control Function Development
Authors: Koch Lucas , Roeser Dennis , Badalian Kevin , Lieb Alexander , Andert Jakob
Published: August 2023

Automotive control functions are becoming increasingly complex and their development is becoming more and more elaborate, leading to a strong need for automated solutions within the development process. Here, reinforcement learning offers a significant potential for function development to generate optimized control functions in an automated manner. Despite its successful deployment in a variety of control tasks, there is still a lack of standard tooling solutions for function development based on reinforcement learning in the automotive industry. To address this gap, we present a flexible framework that couples the conventional development process with an open-source reinforcement learning library. It features modular, physical models for relevant vehicle components, a co-simulation with a microscopic traffic simulation to generate realistic scenarios, and enables distributed and parallelized training. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed method in a feasibility study to learn a control function for automated longitudinal control of an electric vehicle in an urban traffic scenario. The evolved control strategy produces a smooth trajectory with energy savings of up to 14%. The results highlight the great potential of reinforcement learning for automated control function development and prove the effectiveness of the proposed framework.
Vibration Measurements by Self-Mixing Interferometry: An Overview of Configurations and Benchmark Performances
Authors: Donati Silvano
Published: August 2023

Self-mixing interferometry (SMI) is suitable to sense and measure vibrations of amplitudes ranging from picometers to millimeters at frequencies from sub-Hz to MHz’s. As an optical probe, SMI has the advantage of being non-invasive with the ability to measure without any treatment of the target surface and operate from a substantial standoff distance from the target. As an additional advantage, the SMI configuration is much simpler than that of conventional interferometers as it does not require any optical part external to the laser source. After a short introduction to the basics of SMI, we review the development of configurations of SMI instruments for vibration measurements, based on both analog and digital processing, with record performance to cover the range of vibration amplitudes from 0.1 nm to 1 mm, frequencies up to MHz, and stand-off distances up to 100 m. These performances set a benchmark that is unequaled by other approaches reported so far in the literature. The configurations we describe are (i) a simple MEMS-response testing instrument based on fringe counting, (ii) a half-fringe locking vibrometer for mechanical mode analysis and transfer function measurements, with a wide linear response on six decades of amplitude, (iii) a vibrometer with analog switching cancellation for μm-to-mm amplitude of vibrations, and (iv) a long standoff distance vibrometer for testing large structures at distances up to 100 m and with nm sensitivity. Lastly, as the vibrometer will almost invariably operate on untreated, diffusing surfaces, we provide an evaluation of phase-induced speckle pattern errors affecting the SMI measurement.
Effects of Drying and Wetting Process on the Tensile Strength of Granite Residual Soil
Authors: Tang Liansheng , Cheng Zihua , Wang Hao , Chen Yang
Published: August 2023

The tensile strength of granite residual soil has different changing laws during the wetting and drying process which often appears after rainfall. The microscopic relationship between tensile strength, bond force, and absorbed suction was studied using a self-developed soil tensile strength tester. The results show the following. (1) The change in tensile strength with saturation is a convex curve with a peak; according to the drying and wetting path, there are differences in peak value and amplitude of variation. (2) The sample with a higher fine particle content has a structure that is denser and has fewer pores, while an increase in gravel content will significantly reduce the tensile strength of the soil. (3) Absorbed suction and bond forces are important factors that control tensile strength in the drying process. The bond force contributes more than 70%, the tensile strength is in invariable constant saturation, and the wetting process is mainly controlled by absorbed suction.
A Voucher Flora of Diatoms from Fens in the Tanana River Floodplain, Alaska
Authors: Hamilton Veronica A. , Lee Sylvia S. , Rober Allison R. , Furey Paula C. , Manoylov Kalina M. , Wyatt Kevin H.
Published: August 2023

Climate change and human activities may alter the structure and function of boreal peatlands by warming waters and changing their hydrology. Diatoms can be used to assess or track these changes. However, effective biomonitoring requires consistent, reliable identification. To address this need, this study developed a diatom voucher flora of species found across a boreal fen gradient (e.g., vegetation) in interior Alaskan peatlands. Composite diatom samples were collected bi-weekly from three peatland complexes over the 2017 summer. The morphological range of each taxon was imaged. The fens contained 184 taxa across 38 genera. Eunotia (45), Gomphonema (23), and Pinnularia (20) commonly occurred in each peatland. Tabellaria was common in the rich and moderate fen but sparse in the poor fen. Eunotia showed the opposite trend. Approximately 11% of species are potentially novel and 25% percent matched those at risk or declining in status on the diatom Red List (developed in Germany), highlighting the conservation value of boreal wetlands. This voucher flora expands knowledge of regional diatom biodiversity and provides updated, verifiable taxonomic information for inland Alaskan diatoms, building on Foged’s 1981 treatment. This flora strengthens the potential to effectively track changes in boreal waterways sensitive to climate change and anthropogenic stressors.
Long-Distance Electric Truck Traffic: Analysis, Modeling and Designing a Demand-Oriented Charging Network for Germany
Authors: Menter Josef , Fay Tu-Anh , Grahle Alexander , Göhlich Dietmar
Published: August 2023

The majority of freight in Germany is carried out by trucks, resulting in emitting approximately 9% of Germany’s carbon dioxide equivalent emissions. In particular, long-distance truck journeys contribute significantly to these emissions. This paper aims to explore the conditions and impacts of introducing E-Trucks in Germany by utilizing a microscopic traffic simulation approach. Therefore, five different electrification levels of the long-distance truck traffic are evaluated. The demand-oriented charging network dimensioning aims for a realistic and implementable design and is based on an average charging power of 720 kW. Additionaly, it considers the necessary infrastructure requirements at service and rest areas next to the motorway. The results of this research provide valuable insights in terms of usage, requirements and demand. For an electrification level of 1%, 177 chargers at 173 charging sites must be implemented, while 1296 chargers and 457 charging sites must be built for an electrification level of 20%. The increase in the electrification level leads to more efficient occupancy of the charging facilities; i.e., an increase from 1% to 5% improves the average occupation time ratio per charger by approximately 130%. Of the total energy consumed, 65% is recharged en-route at public chargers. Between Monday and Thursday, each 1% electrification level increase requires 2.68 GW h more energy for the public recharging network.
The modern image of Russia in the Chinese media
Authors:   Diplomatic Academy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Shemiakin R. D.
Published: August 2023

This article analyzes how Russia is represented in the Chinese mass-media. The modern media space often forms images, influences the understanding of events and figures, and Russia, with which partnerships are developed on the basis of mutual respect and good neighborliness, is no exception. China and Russia, in turn, support each other, cooperate in various fi elds, even in information, and show neutrality in various interstate disputes. An examination of how Russian themes are presented in the Chinese press highlights several key elements: reports of cooperation with China, confl icts between the West (mainly the EU and the US) and Russia, Russian military power, the image of Vladimir Putin and his political contribution, cultural height Russia, as well as a special military operation in Ukraine. The expert conducted a comprehensive analysis of messages in the Chinese media and concluded that in most cases the mood in the media is friendly towards Russia. Russia acts as a powerful strategic, military and economic ally, its people appear as indomitable and retain their cultural shortcomings. It is also often emphasized that both Russia and China are jointly fighting on the part of the US and NATO.
Growing crisis of the us federal finances system USA: default delayed but not cancelled
Authors:   The Institute of USA and Canada Studies Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Vasiliev V. S.
Published: August 2023

The article analyzes the course and results of the US budget crisis caused by the need to raise the ceiling of public debt, which reached $31.4 trillion by the beginning of 2023. It is emphasized that this budget crisis is the second crisis of its kind after 2011. The article draws major historical parallels between the 2011 and 2023 budget crises. It is noted that both crises arose as a result of the victory of the Republican Party in the 2010 and 2022 midterm elections, which allowed the Republican leadership of the US House of Representatives to draw up plans to sharply decrease the growth rate of the leverage on the American economy. Both in 2011 and 2023, in the House of Representatives Republicans were opposed by the Democratic administrations of B. Obama and J. Biden. It is mentioned that they invariably advocated an "automatic" increase of the ceiling of the public debt, while Republicans demanded budget reforms, insisting on dramatic reduction in expenses on federal budget. According to the author, the inertia of uncontrolled growth of budget defi cits and an increase in the pyramid of debt obligations is deeply rooted in the United States, and at the same time the politicians of both ruling parties seek to shift the solution of the country’s acute fi scal problems to subsequent administrations and congresses of new convocations. By 2033, the federal government’s gross debt is expected to be $50.0 trillion, the ratio of gross debt to GDP will have reached nearly 130.0 %, and the amount of paid interest will be comparable to the size of military budgets.
Real money and economic growth in Russia and the United States in the 21st century
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities (RSUH), Moscow, Alekhin B. I.
Published: August 2023

The aim of this paper is to test empirically the point of view that economic growth is a function of only one variable — money supply. According to Russian economist S.N. Blinov, to achieve 5 % annual growth rate of GDP within three months it is sufficient to increase real money supply by 26 % annually. For empirical verifi cation Granger causality test and other instruments of econometrics of time series were used on data ranging from the 1st quarter of 2000 to the 4th of 2022 (92 quarterly observations). The null hypothesis that causality runs from real M2 to real GDP, but not in the opposite direction was rejected in favor of by-directional causality. Lagged GDP systematically contributes much more to economic grows than real M2 and contributes much more in Russia than in the United States. In addition, the author comes to the conclusion that in the USA the influence of real money on the economy is much stronger and faster than in Russia, and the role of the central bank is much more signifi cant. Since 1977, when the US Congress gave the Fed a «double mandate», i.e. assigned it responsibility for economic growth, the Fed’s monetary policy is designed to ensure maximum employment, stable prices and moderate long-term interest rates in the US economy. Employment and inflation targets as a rule, they are complimentary. Working in a completely different economy, the Bank of Russia successfully disavows this responsibility.
Inequities in hypertension management: observational cross-sectional study in North East London using electronic health records
Authors: Rison Stuart , Redfern Oliver , Dostal Isabel , Carvalho Chris , Mathur Rohini , Raisi-Estabragh Zahra , Robson John
Published: August 2023

Background

Hypertension is a key modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease – the leading cause of death in the UK. Good blood pressure (BP) control reduces mortality. However, health inequities may lead to variability in hypertension monitoring and control.

Aim

To investigate health inequities related to ethnicity, sex, age, and socioeconomic status in the monitoring, treatment, and control of BP in a large cohort of adult patients with hypertension.

Design and setting

A cross-sectional cohort study of adults with hypertension registered with general practices in North East London on 1 April 2019.

Method

Multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate associations of demographics and treatment intensity for the following hypertension management indicators: a) BP recording in past 12 months; b) BP on age- adjusted target; and c) BP on age-adjusted target and BP recorded in past 12 months.

Results

In total, 156 296 adults were included. The Black ethnicity group was less likely to have controlled BP than the White ethnicity group (odds ratio [OR] 0.87, 95% [confidence interval] CI = 0.84 to 0.91). The Asian ethnicity group was more likely to have controlled BP (OR 1.28, 95% CI = 1.23 to 1.32). Ethnicity differences in control could not be explained by the likelihood of having a recent BP recording, nor by treatment intensity differences. Older adults (aged ≥50 years) were more likely to have controlled hypertension than younger patients.

Conclusion

Individuals of Black ethnicity and younger people are less likely to have controlled hypertension and may warrant targeted interventions. Possible explanations for these findings are presented but further research is needed about reasons for ethnic differences.
Factors Influencing Participant Perceptions of Program Impact: Lessons from a Virtual Fieldtrip for Middle-School Students
Authors: Adedokun Omolola , Parker Loran , Loizzo Jamie , Burgess Wiella , Robinson Joseph
Published: August 2023

Participant perceptions of program effectiveness and impact are undoubtedly a popular focus of Extension program evaluations. However, the effects of participants' characteristics and contextual variables on program perceptions and how the resulting data can be used for program improvement are less explored in evaluation studies. Using data from the evaluation of an electronic fieldtrip as an exemplar case, this article describes a study that employed the method of linear regression to examine the influences of demographic variables and program contextual factors on participants' perceptions of program effectiveness. The implications for Extension evaluation and programming are also discussed.
Development and Evaluation of an On-Line Educational Module for Volunteer Leaders on Bio-Security in Washington State 4-H Livestock Projects
Authors: Stevenson Jill , Moore Dale , Newman Jerry , Schmidt Janet
Published: August 2023

An on-line module on disease prevention was created for 4-H volunteer leaders who work with livestock projects in Washington to better prepare them to teach youth about bio-security and its importance in 4-H livestock projects. Evaluation of the module and usage statistics since the module's debut were collected and evaluated. The module increases awareness of disease prevention and provides practical approaches to implementation of bio-security, but is underused by the target audience, possibly due to leaders' lack of computer access, time, or awareness of the module. Promotion of the module and incentives must be explored to increase module usage.
Entrepreneurial Extension Conducted via Social Media
Authors: Cornelisse Sarah , Hyde Jeffrey , Raines Christopher , Kelley Kathleen , Ollendyke Dana , Remcheck James
Published: August 2023

The widespread availability of and access to the Internet have led to the development of new forms of communication. Collectively termed "social media," these new communication tools have created vast opportunities for Extension professionals in how they perform their work and how businesses interact with consumers. This article outlines currently popular social media tools and how they can be used by Extension professionals to carry out their educational and communication responsibilities and by agricultural business owners.
An Automated Data Analysis Tool for Livestock Market Data
Authors: Williams Galen , Raper Kellie
Published: August 2023

This article describes an automated data analysis tool that allows Oklahoma Cooperative Extension Service educators to disseminate results in a timely manner. Primary data collected at Oklahoma Quality Beef Network (OQBN) certified calf auctions across the state results in a large amount of data per sale site. Sale summaries for an individual sale need to be quickly dispensed to program coordinators, auction barn owners, and program participants. Data entered into a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet at sales is summarized using Excel database commands. A link to Microsoft Publisher then generates the sale summary for an individual OQBN sale.
Entrepreneurial Checklist Tool for Beginning Farm and Home-Based Businesses
Authors: Rafie AR , Nartea Theresa
Published: August 2023

Extension educators entertain frequent questions on beginning a farm or starting a home-based business. Retired, unemployed, and displaced workers consider starting a small farm or home-based business. Determining educational needs or individual business aptitude is time consuming. Lengthy and comprehensive skill-based checklists exist for business self assessment (Boehlje, Dobbins, Miller, Bechman, & Rausch, 2000). Authors suggest Extension educators use a simple personality-based checklist tool to assist individuals in assessing entrepreneurial ability prior to starting a beginning farm and home based business.
Participatory Action Research: A Useful Tool for Exploring Work-Life Balance Issues
Authors: Fortune Aileen , Brown Jennifer , Burwell Deb , Conlon Eileen
Published: August 2023

Many of our Extension clients struggle with issues of work-life balance, self-care, and sustainable leadership. Extension staff do as well. This article describes the richness of the Participatory Action Research (PAR) tool as an educational and community development intervention and a qualitative research methodology. The project on self-care and women's sustainable leadership described here also engaged researchers as participants in the study. Using PAR to create solutions to issues of self-care and work-life balance has great potential in Extension with benefits to clients and staff as well.
Çağatayca Sözlüklerde Yer Alan Meslekler ve Bu Mesleklerle İlgili Ünvanlar
Authors: UYGUN Muhsin
Published: August 2023

İnsanlık tarihi incelendiğinde, özelde bireylerin, genelde toplumların, ihtiyaçlarını karşılamak için pek çok meslek alanında gelişme gösterdikleri görülmektedir. Bu meslek alanları toplumların yaşam biçimleri, dünya görüşleri, temel ihtiyaçları, medeniyet seviyeleri vb. alanlarda araştırmacılara önemli bilgiler sunmaktadır. Eski Türkler de ihtiyaçlarını karşılamak üzere birçok meslek dalında, yüzyıllarca varlık göstermişler ve miras olarak bu meslekleri sonraki nesillere aktarmışlardır. Çalışmamızda Çağatay Türkçesi döneminde hangi meslek dallarının ve bu mesleklerle ilgili olan ünvanların var olduğu ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır. Bu meslek dallarının tespiti için öncelikle Çağatayca olarak kaleme alınan Çağatayca Manzum Sözlük, Feraği'nin Çağatay Türkçesi Sözlüğü, Fazlullâh Han Lügâti, Fethali Kaçar'ın Çağatay Türkçesi Sözlüğü, Nezrali'nin Çağatay Türkçesi Sözlüğü, Nevāyį'nin Sözleri ve Çağatayca Tanıklar, Senglâh'ın Tematik Sözlüğü, Zebân-ı Türkî adlı sözlükler taranmış ve bu sözlüklerde yer alan meslek adları ile ünvanlar listelenmiştir. Ardından meslek ve ünvanlar yapı bakımından incelenmiş, sözcüklerin kökü ve aldıkları ekler belirtilmiştir. Kök ve ek ayrıştırması yapılırken kök ve aldıkları eklerde şüphe oluşturmayan sözcükler için herhangi bir kaynak gösterilmemiş, diğer sözcükler için ilgili eserler kaynak olarak verilmiştir.
YÜKSEK RİSKLİ GEBELERDE ALGILANAN STRES İLE SAĞLIKLI YAŞAM BİÇİMİ DAVRANIŞLARI ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİ
Authors: ERTEKİN DİNÇ Buse Nur , ÇITAK BİLGİN Nevin
Published: August 2023

Bu çalışma yüksek riskli gebelerde algılanan stres ile sağlıklı yaşam biçimi davranışları arasındaki ilişkiyi belirlemek için yapılmıştır. Tanımlayıcı ve ilişkisel tipteki çalışma kadın doğum servisinde yüksek riskli gebelik tanısı ile yatarak tedavi gören 115 yüksek riskli gebe ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Veri toplama aracı olarak, Kişisel Bilgi Formu, Algılanan Stres Ölçeği ve Sağlıklı Yaşam Biçimi Davranışları Ölçeği II kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde tanımlayıcı istatistikler ve Pearson’s korelasyon analizinden yararlanılmıştır. Gebelerin Algılanan Stres Ölçeği puan ortalaması 29.40 ± 5.90, Sağlıklı Yaşam Biçimi Davranışları Ölçeği puan ortalaması 124.97 ± 16.99 bulunmuştur. Gebelerde algılanan stres ile sağlıklı yaşam biçimi davranışları arasında orta düzeyde negatif yönlü anlamlı ilişki saptanmıştır. Yüksek stres algısı gebelerin sağlık davranışlarına olumsuz yansımaktadır. Bu nedenle yüksek riskli gebelerin antenatal izlemlerinde stres düzeyini azaltacak ve sağlıklı yaşam biçimi davranışlarını geliştirecek eğitimlere önem verilmelidir.
Tomografia computadorizada quantitativa da densidade óssea mandibular ao redor de implantes osseointegrados: estudo comparativo dos valores da Unidade Hounsfield e pixel trabecular
Authors: Bottega Patricia , Leite Gabriela Fernandes , Strassburg Andrey , Catarina Adair Santa , Berticelli Rosana da Silva , Togashi Adriane Yaeko
Published: August 2023

Os implantes osseointegrados são biomateriais muito utilizados na Odontologia por apresentar vantagens funcionais e estéticas. Para a fixação e sucesso dos implantes dentários é importante que a densidade óssea, além de vários outros fatores, seja adequada. A análise de densidade óssea em imagens de tomografia computadorizada (TC) é feita, normalmente, através da medida da unidade  Hounsfield (UH) que, por muitos, é considerada um método confiável. Como um método alternativo, podemos medir a densidade óssea através de pixels trabeculares. O software BµA-DDX- Bone Microarchitecture by Dentistry Digital X-Ray apresenta um método acessível e prático de medição da densidade óssea através da contagem de pixel. Esse trabalho avaliou a densidade óssea de pacientes com implantes ósseointegrados utilizando imagens de tomografia computadorizada cone-beam através da UH e contagem de pixel. Os valores médios para o osso tipo I foi 2499 (dp=184) UH; 909 (dp=181,2) pixel trabeculares e para o tipo IV foi 1279 (dp=135,3) UH; 1179 (dp=165) pixel trabeculares.  Cinquenta por cento das áreas analisadas da mandíbula apresentaram osso tipo III, 1709 (dp=146,1) UH; 1179 (dp=267,4) pixel trabeculares.  Podemos concluir, dentro das limitações deste estudo, que o software BµA-DDX foi capaz de diferenciar ao redor dos implantes as densidades ósseas tipo I e IV. Entretanto, não foi preciso em identificar as densidades ósseas tipo II e III. A densidade óssea baixa pode comprometer o tratamento com implantes dentários. A detecção da densidade óssea previamente a colocação dos implantes pode auxiliar o profissional no planejamento do tratamento do paciente.
Estrés en el contexto del COVID-19 y la evaluación sumativa en matemática: influencia de su resultado en estudiantes noveles de la Escuela Profesional de Ingeniería Agroindustrial, Cusco-Perú
Authors: Florez Franklin Taipe , Puma Lourdes Magaly Zamalloa , Flores Verónica Griselda Segura , Cutire Elizabeth Carmen Mamani , Huaihua Humberto Laura
Published: August 2023

Los estudiantes universitarios conviven con la pandemia del SARS-CoV-2 y sus problemas asociados, como la brecha digital, conectividad, ubicación geográfica, aislamiento social que genera un estrés académico y de contexto; en estas condiciones deben lograr competencias, que requieren de una evaluación formativa, desarrollando tareas auténticas, trabajos encargados, estudio de casos, proyectos e investigaciones en y desde casa. El fugaz paso de la pizarra presencial a la virtualidad del classroom, en los jóvenes estudiantes que inician la universidad implica acciones como, poner en juego sus capacidades, habilidades, destrezas, valores y recursos disponibles para alcanzar las competencias a pesar de la difícil situación por la pandemia. Cada etapa concluida de evaluación formativa como proceso, genera una evaluación sumativa calificada. El objetivo del estudio fue determinar la influencia del estrés por el contexto del Covid -19 en la evaluación sumativa del curso de matemática I. La investigación asumió un enfoque cuantitativo de tipo correlacional transversal no experimental. Para el nivel de estrés, los datos se recolectaron utilizando un test inventario de estrés del contexto del Covid-19 a una muestra de sujetos-tipo, de diecinueve estudiantes noveles de la Escuela Profesional de Ingeniería Agroindustrial de la Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco; para los resultados de la evaluación sumativa se usaron los registros de evaluación, para determinar la correlación estadística se utilizó el coeficiente de Pearson, resultando r =-0.7744 que muestra una correlación negativa considerable, donde el 77.7% de los estudiantes presentan un estrés moderado. El resultado de la evaluación sumativa considerando calificaciones correspondientes al nivel “logrado” fue de 33.3%, pero un 11.1% se encuentra en “previo al inicio”. Por lo que, urge desde la docencia e institucionalmente aplicar estrategias de afrontamiento que ayuden a los estudiantes a desarrollar sus actividades académicas adecuadamente para enfrentar el estrés del contexto actual por la pandemia.
Avaliação da vitalidade fetal e malformações associadas ao diabetes gestacional por ultrassonografia
Authors: Barbosa Emily de Oliveira Tourinho Gonçalves , Barbosa Kleber Gonçalves , Feitosa Ivan Brito
Published: August 2023

Esta revisão visa avaliar os aspectos fisiopatologicos, bem como avaliar o papel da ultrassonografia durante as gestações complicadas com DMG. Para isto, o andamento da pesquisa iniciou com a definição dos descritores indexados pelo Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) e pelo Descritor de Ciências da Saúde (DeCS). Para as buscas foram consultadas as bases de dados PubMed, pelo acesso virtual da National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI); e Lilacs, por meio de acesso eletrônico da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS). Foram identificados e selecionados artigos a partir da estratégia MeSH com os seguintes termos relacionados à temática abordada: Gestational diabetes, glucose and pregnancy, ultrasound and fetal vitality, fetal vitality, polyhydramnios and gestational diabetes. Como resultado, os artigos revelaram que as complicações decorrentes do DM e os desfechos perinatais adversos tem relação direta com o controle metábolico materno, desde a fase, no que se refere a programação da gestação, uma vez que, o DM está fortemente associado a anomalias cogênitas (ACs), quanto as complicações no último trimestre da gestação, destacando como preditores de risco o feto grande para a idade gestacional (macrossômico), associado ao polidrâmnio, uma vez que o excesso de glicose no sangue materno, atravessa a placenta levando à hiperglicemia fetal, e esta, por sua vez, desencadeia a diurese osmótica fetal.
Revisão da literatura sobre as principais drogas vigentes para tratamento da obesidade no Brasil
Authors: Pizzol Matheus Henrique , Geronimo Renan Miguel Porcini , Pereira Gerci Leal , Rodrigues Adriene Gontijo , Do Amaral Fernando Henrique Faria , Gomes Neto Carlos Manoel , De Oliveira Talles Matos , Ceccon Robson , Silva Silvana Oliveira , Guimarães Bianca Batista Santos , Machado Carolina Juliana Pereira , E Silva Náira Francine Silva , Dias Bárbara Incerte , Olimpio Yuri Moisés Taketomi , Gomes Camila Alcântara de Carvalho Souza , Junior Mario Jose Battistella , De Proença Pamela Schonfelder
Published: August 2023

Objetivo: fornecer atualizações sobre as drogas aprovadas no Brasil para o tratamento farmacológico da diabetes, bem como novas drogas promissoras para tal fim, visando ampliar, mas não esgotar, o conhecimento médico sobre tal assunto.  Metodologia: revisão narrativa de literatura desenvolvida com base numa pesquisa exploratória de cunho qualitativo concentrada no mês de março de 2023. Resultado: fundamentação teórica através de artigos e estudos atualizados ou anteriores considerados relevantes. Considerações finais: Diversos estudos mostram a eficácia dessas drogas na perda de peso ao comparar com o placebo. Contudo, deve-se respeitar a individualidade de cada paciente conforme o percentual de perda de peso, comorbidades, tolerância e adesão a posologia. A tirzepatida, embora ainda não aprovada no Brasil, vem se mostrando como uma droga segura e eficaz para o tratamento da obesidade em comparação com as outras drogas, com resultados satisfatórios. Além disso, sempre associar o tratamento farmacológico com a prática de atividade física e dieta com restrição calórica para obter melhores desfechos. São necessários novos ensaios clínicos, revisões sistemáticas e metanálise para levantar novas evidências de eficácia e segurança sobre o tema.
Preservação da fertilidade em pacientes oncológicos
Authors: Rezende Larissa Cardoso , Oliveira Augusto Zanetti de Paiva , De Almeida Camila Lamounier Lellis , Coelho Olga Simões , Reis Maria Eduarda Cordeiro , Neto Sylvano Neves Fioravanti , Tavares Luiza Dayrell Ferreira , Rasuck Mariane de Carvalho
Published: August 2023

Introdução: O câncer se desenvolve através de células que se multiplicam desordenadamente, e que podem ser originárias de diversos tecidos e órgãos. Em mulheres, as neoplasias do sistema reprodutor apresentam elevada incidência, e também um novo desafio na abordagem terapêutica, a preservação da fertilidade das pacientes. Objetivos: Analisar as evidências atuais acerca da perda e preservação de fertilidade em pacientes oncológicas. Metodologia:  Revisão integrativa baseada em artigos científicos encontrados nas bases de dados da Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde (BVS), SCIELO, MEDLINE e LILACS a partir da combinação dos descritores “Preservação da fertilidade”, “Oncologia”, “Neoplasias ovarianas” e “Neoplasias de mama”. Os critérios de inclusão foram: estudos realizados num período de dez anos (2013 a 2023), em português ou inglês, disponíveis gratuitamente. Foram excluídos artigos publicados anteriormente ou não relacionados ao tema. Por fim, 29 estudos foram selecionados para a realização da revisão. Discussão: O tratamento dos tumores ginecológicos pode envolver a remoção de órgãos reprodutivos e o uso de agentes terapêuticos como a radioterapia e a quimioterapia, que podem gerar disfunção ovariana e toxicidade para as gônadas, culminando em um quadro de infertilidade. A criopreservação é um método muito utilizado para preservar os oócitos ou mesmo embriões já formados, para posterior realização de fertilização in vitro. Para pacientes pediátricos, surge a técnica de preservação de tecido ovariano, que pode ser reimplantado na paciente, mas o método ainda está sob análise. Além disso, existe a opção de transpor os ovários, nos casos da realização de radioterapia pélvica, para outros locais onde não serão atingidos, e também de supressão do estímulo ovariano em casos de uso de terapias gonadotoxicas, objetivando reduzir o efeito destas sobre o órgão. Conclusão: Os avanços na área permitem a preservação da fertilidade em muitas pacientes e corroboram para o investimento em novas pesquisas e desenvolvimento de métodos, para que cada vez mais mulheres em tratamento oncológico possam ter a possibilidade de gerar um filho de forma segura.
Displasia do desenvolvimento do quadril - uma revisão abrangente sobre a epidemiologia, anatomia, etiologia, aspectos genéticos, diagnóstico, tratamento, prognóstico e prevenção
Authors: Prinz Beatriz Cerqueira , Macedo Elisa Freitas , Zortéa João Arthur , Muniz Laura Rafaella Ferrari Munoz , Corrêa Maitê Miranda dos Santos Alves , Correa Natalia Macedo , Victória Pedro Henrique Santos , Backes Rodrigo de Oliveira , Ngonga Teresa Elisa Vunge , Da Silva Vitor Freitas
Published: August 2023

A displasia do desenvolvimento do quadril (DDQ) é uma condição ortopédica comum em lactentes e crianças, caracterizada por anormalidades na articulação do quadril. Sua incidência varia em diferentes regiões geográficas, mas estima-se que afete cerca de 1 a 3 em cada 100 recém-nascidos, sendo mais frequente em meninas e bebês com histórico familiar de DDQ. Essa articulação complexa é composta pelo osso do quadril (osso ilíaco), a cabeça femoral e o acetábulo. A DDQ ocorre devido a desarmonias na formação dessas estruturas, o que acarreta má posição e estabilidade inadequada do quadril. Quanto à etiologia, múltiplos fatores genéticos, ambientais e mecânicos contribuem para o desenvolvimento da DDQ, incluindo posição intrauterina, primeira gravidez e posição do feto. O diagnóstico precoce é crucial para o tratamento eficaz da condição, sendo o exame físico e métodos de imagem, como ultrassonografia do quadril em recém-nascidos e radiografia em bebês mais velhos, fundamentais para determinar a gravidade da displasia. O tratamento varia conforme a gravidade e a idade do paciente, com opções que vão desde dispositivos ortopédicos, como o coxal de Pavlik, em casos leves a moderados, até a cirurgia corretiva para casos mais graves ou tardios. O prognóstico geralmente é positivo quando o diagnóstico é precoce e o tratamento adequado é instituído, evitando complicações a longo prazo, como osteoartrite e dor crônica. Por fim, a prevenção é essencial por meio do rastreamento adequado em exames de rotina, exames clínicos cuidadosos e conscientização dos pais sobre os fatores de risco, a fim de assegurar o desenvolvimento adequado do quadril e o tratamento bem-sucedido da DDQ.