bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sinus arrest associated with diabetic ketoacidosis regressing to sinus rhythm after compensation of diabetic process: A case report and literature review
Authors: Bouchaala Abderrahmane , Nguadi Jaouad , Mouine Najat , Bouzelmat Hicham , Benyass Aatif
Published: June 2023

Background Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a serious life-threatening condition due to its profound hydro electrolytic disturbances and multiple complications, notably cerebral edema and circulatory collapse. Conductive disorders occurring during its course, such as sinus arrest, are poorly reported and can be life-threatening on their own in the absence of adequate recognition and treatment. Our effort through this report was raising awareness of unusual conduction complications of diabetic ketoacidosis and showing the importance of early diagnosis and treatment.
Case presentation we present the case of a middle-aged man with past history of type 2 diabetes whose symptoms included asthenia and consciousness disorder concomitant with ketoacidosis decompensation. Electrocardiogram (ECG) revealed the presence of sinus arrest with ventricular escaping rhythm. The rapid management of the diabetic decompensation resulted in spontaneous return to sinus rhythm, thus avoiding permanent pacing for the patient.
Conclusions Atypical complications during ketoacidosis decompensation, such as sinus arrest, are often overlooked and associated with reserved prognosis. Proper recognition and prompt treatment are crucial for optimal outcome.
Large amoutnts of mercury residue found in a child: a case report
Authors: Du Xifeng , Xia Anning , Sun Junying , Ye Yinting
Published: June 2023

Background: This case report describes a rare and unfortunate incident involving a 14-month-old child who was exposed to mercury. The purpose of this case report is to share the unique and typical image findings of residual mercury in a foreign body, which can aid clinicians in identifying similar cases and providing effective treatment.
Case presentation: A 14-month-old child presented with mercury residue in their body, following its discovery in the child's bed. Urine tests showed elevated levels of mercury, and X-rays revealed a large amount of mercury in the child's upper arms and lungs. The patient underwent timely surgical treatment, and while they are currently recovering, they still require ongoing medication and additional treatments.
Conclusions: Pediatric exposure to toxic substances such as mercury can have significant consequences for young patients. Early recognition and prompt intervention can prevent significant morbidity and mortality associated with toxicity. Clinicians should be aware of the risks and potential complications associated with heavy metal exposure and take appropriate measures to protect susceptible populations. In addition, sharing image data of unique and typical cases can aid clinicians in identifying similar cases and providing effective treatment.
Clinical reliability and validity of a video-based markerless gait evaluation method
Authors: Lin Jincong , Wang Yongtao , Sha Jia , Li Yi , Fan Zongzhi , Yan Yabo , Lei Wei
Published: June 2023

This study explored the reliability and validity of gait parameters obtained from gait assessment system software employing a human posture estimation algorithm based on markerless videos of children walking in clinical practice. Eighteen healthy children were recruited to walk along a designated sidewalk at a comfortable walking speed. A 3-dimensional gait analysis (3D GA) and a 2-dimensional markerless (2D ML) gait evaluation system were used to extract the gait kinematics parameters twice at an interval of 2 h. The two measurements of the children’s kinematic gait parameters revealed no significant differences (P > 0.05). Intra-class correlation coefficients(ICCs) were generally high(ICC>0.7), showing moderate to good relative reliability. The standard error of measurement (SEM) values of all gait parameters measured by the two walks were 1.26°– 2.91°. The system software had good to excellent validity compared to the 3D GA, with ICC values between 0.835 and 0.957 and SEM values of 0.87° to 1.71° for the gait parameters measured by both methods. The Bland-Altman plot analysis indicated no significant systematic errors. The results suggest that the markerless gait assessment method using the human posture estimation-based algorithm may provide reliable and valid gait analysis results for practical clinical applications.
Study on the influence law of spray layer cavity on the main reinforcement of grid steel frame
Authors: Qi Chuande , Liu Junfeng , Zong Chao , Jiang Weiliang , Li Weiteng , Li Yang , Yan Jianquan
Published: June 2023

The field monitoring data showed that a small amount of main reinforcement of lattice girder at the arch of a tunnel was under tension, and the calculation showed that the initial support structure should be under circumferential compression. In order to find out the reason for the tension of the steel frame main reinforcement, the geological radar was used and detected the cavity in the spray layer at the tension position. In order to further clarify the tension mechanism of the main reinforcement and the influence of factors such as the position and size of the cavity on the main reinforcement, numerical simulations were carried out, the results show that the cavity causes the eccentric compression of the shotcrete layer, resulting in the local bending moment of the lattice girder and the change of the stress distribution of the main reinforcement, when the size of the cavity exceeds 3m × 0.2m will cause local tension of nearby main reinforcement; The position of the cavity has a significant impact on the stress condition of the main reinforcement. Compared with the arch crown and arch waist, the cavity at the arch foot is more likely to produce large tensile stress on the main reinforcement, the size of the cavity is 6m × 0.2m causes 81MPa tensile stress in the main reinforcement. The research results provide a theoretical basis for the interpretation and analysis of tunnel lattice girder monitoring data.
Splitter of topological photonic waveguide in semiconductor platform
Authors: Amemiya Tomohiro , Okada Sho , Kagami Hibiki , Nishiyama Nobuhiko , Wang Xing-Xiang , Hu Xiao
Published: June 2023

We propose a splitter that can separate a topological photonic waveguide into two branches with the desired relative wave intensity while keeping the waveguide mode intact. The device consists of semiconductor photonic crystals, topological insulators, and trivial insulators surrounding a rhombic patch X, with X varying from trivial to topological via a graphene-like semimetal, all formed by arranging nano airholes in patterns of C6v symmetry. Patch X establishes an effective potential for the input topological wave function, guiding it to the two output ports in a tunnelling-like manner with the desired relative intensity. Our Si-photonics fabricated splitter achieves continuous power ratios between output ports from 10.22 dB to -9.17 dB. With a miniaturised size of ~ 10 µm, it surpasses conventional silicon-based Y-splitters. This breakthrough in controlling topological photonic waveguide splitting is vital for high-performance topological photonic integrated circuits (TPICs), opening up new possibilities for innovative functionality across diverse platforms.
The Influence of a Previous Implant-Based Breast Reconstruction on Postoperative Sensation of the Deep Inferior Epigastric Artery Perforator Flap
Authors: Rooij Joep A.F. van , Bijkerk Ennie , Hulst René R.W.J. van der , Tuinder Stefania M.H.
Published: June 2023

Background
Implants and DIEP flaps have different outcomes regarding postoperative breast sensation. When compared to the preoperative healthy breast, implant-based breast reconstruction (IBBR) negatively influences postoperative breast sensation. However, it is currently unknown whether a prior IBBR also influences postoperative sensation of a replacing DIEP flap. The goal of this cohort study is to evaluate the influence of an IBBR on the postoperative sensation of a replacing DIEP flap.
Methods
Women were included if they received a DIEP flap reconstruction after mastectomy, with or without prior tissue expander (TE) and/or definitive breast implant. Sensation was measured at four intervals in 9 areas of the breast with Semmes-Weinstein monofilaments: T0 (preoperative, implant/no reconstruction), T1 (2–7 months postoperative, DIEP), T2 (± 12 months postoperative, DIEP), Tmax (maximum follow-up, DIEP). Linear mixed models were used to investigate the relationship between an implant/TE prior to the DIEP flap and recovery of breast sensation.
Results
142 women comprising 206 breasts were included. 48 (23.3%) breasts did, and 158 (76.7%) breasts did not have a TE/IBBR prior to their DIEP. No statistically significant or clinically relevant relationships were found between a prior implant/TE and recovery of DIEP flap breast sensation for the flap skin, native skin, or total breast skin at T1, T2, or Tmax. There were also no relationships found after adjustment for the confounders radiation therapy, BMI, diabetes, age, flap weight, follow-up, and nerve coaptation.
Conclusions
An implant/TE prior to a DIEP flap does not influence the recovery of postoperative breast sensation of the DIEP flap.
Identification of non-native population and reconstruction of invasion routes in the Redbreast Sunfish Lepomis auritus
Authors: Kim Daemin , Simmons Jeffrey W. , Near Thomas J.
Published: June 2023

Non-native species pose major threats to native biodiversity and human-mediated introduction of species is expected to increase globally. Lepomis auritus (Redbreast Sunfish), a carnivorous freshwater fish native to rivers in eastern North America, has been introduced far outside of its native range due to its popularity in recreational fisheries. However, poor documentation of introductions and lack of thorough ichthyofaunal surveys before the mid-20th century prevent a confident reconstruction of non-native populations of L. auritus over the past 90 years, resulting in a failure to develop proper invasive species management. Phylogenomic analyses of ddRAD data identify non-native populations of L. auritus that are now abundant in rivers of high conservation priority, which highlights the need for invasive species management for these populations. Our protocols allow for the reconstruction of complicated introduction routes and reveal that L. auritus in Texas is the result of a single-source introduction from the Suwannee River, the population in the upper Tennessee River has two sources of introduction from the Savannah River and the northeastern rivers that drain into the Atlantic Ocean, and the upper Tennessee River and Apalachicola River were the introduction sources for the populations in the middle Tennessee River and the Mobile River Basin. Ecological and evolutionary investigations of the non-native populations of L. auritus will broaden the understanding of biological invasions.
Effect of Hydrochloric Acid Hydrolysis under Sonication-Hydrothermal Process to Produce Cellulose Nanocrystal from OPEFB
Authors: Zulnazri Zulnazri , Muarif Agam , Roesyadi Acmad , Dewi Rozanna , Sangian Hanny F.
Published: June 2023

An approach for hydrolyzing cellulose nanocrystals from oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) presented through hydrochloric acid hydrolysis under sonication-hydrothermal conditions. The influence of concentration, reaction time and acid to cellulose ratio will be studies toward the yield, crystallinity, microstructure and thermal stability. The highest yield of cellulose nanocrystals up to 74.82%, crystallinity until 78.59%, and a maximum degradation temperature (Tmax) of 339.82°C can be achieved through hydrolysis using 3M HCl at 110°C during 1 hours. X-ray diffraction analysis indicated higher diffraction peak pattern at 2θ = 22,6ᴼ and low diffraction peak pattern at 2θ = 18ᴼ. All of cellulose nanocrystals showed crystalline size under 1 nm, it is indicated that sonication-hydrothermal process can reduce crystalline size of cellulose. Infrared spectroscopy analysis showed there has been deletion of lignin and hemicellulose that are shown at spectrum. Cellulose nanocrystals morphology showed more compact structure and well-ordered surface arrangement than cellulose morphology. Cellulose nanocrystals also have good thermal stability as indicated by high maximum degradation temperature.
Exploring the relation between NPP-VIIRS Nighttime Lights and Carbon Footprint, Population Growth, and Energy Consumption in the UAE
Authors: Gafoor Fahim Abdul , Cho Chung Suk , Shehhi Maryam R. Al
Published: June 2023

Due to global warming and its detrimental effect, every country is responsible to join the global effort to reduce carbon emissions. In order to improve the mitigation plan of climate change, accurate estimates of carbon emissions, population, and electricity consumption are critical. Carbon footprint is significantly linked to the socioeconomic development of the country which can be reflected in the city's infrastructure and urbanization. We may be able to estimate the carbon footprint, population growth, and electricity consumption of a city by observing the nighttime light reflecting its urbanization. This is more challenging in oil-producing countries where urbanization can be more complicated. In this study, we are therefore investigating the possibility of correlating the remotely sensed NPP-VIIRS Nighttime light (NTL) estimation with the aforementioned socioeconomic indicators. Daily NPP-VIIRS NTL were obtained for the period between 2012 to 2021 for the United Arab Emirates (UAE) which is one of the top oil producing countries. The socioeconomic indicators of the UAE, including the population, electricity consumption, and carbon dioxide emissions, have been obtained for the same period. The analysis of the correlation between the NTLs and the population indicates that there is a high correlation of more than 0.9. There is also a very good correlation of 0.7 between NTLs and carbon emissions and electricity consumption. However, these correlations differ from one city to another. For example, Dubai has shown the highest correlation between population and NTLs (R2 > 0.8). However, the correlation was the lowest in Al-Ain, a rural city (R2 < 0.4) with maximum electricity consumption of 1.1 ×104 GWh. These results demonstrate that NTLs can be considered as a promising proxy for carbon footprint and urbanization in oil-producing regions.
Predictors of Menstrual Hygiene Management Among Adolescent Girls (aged 10-19) in a resource-deprived setting in Bukedea District, Uganda
Authors: Bagenda Dominic K. , Komuhangi Alimah , Galukande Moses
Published: June 2023

Background: Menstrual hygiene management (MHM) is a public health challenge in resource-deprived settings and if not properly managed, menstruation can interrupt daily life. We collected data on MHM and factors predicting its adequacy among adolescent girls (10-19 years) in a rural setting of Bukedea District, Uganda.
Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study between December 2021 and March 2022 in 13 resource-deprived villages in Kangole and Kabarwa sub-counties of Bukedea district and randomly sampled 168 adolescent girls using an interviewer administered questionnaire and a checklist. MHM was deemed adequate if respondents reported that they had clean menstrual management material to absorb or collect blood, sufficient quantities of water and soap, were able to change menstrual materials at least thrice a day, in privacy, and dispose of used menstrual material at designated facilities. Fisher’s Exact Test was used to determine significant associations while the factors independently associated with adequacy of MHM were determined using modified Poisson regression analysis and reported as adjusted prevalence rate ratios (aPRR) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI).
Results: Of 168 participants enrolled, MHM was adequate for 21 (12.5%) and the likelihood of adequacy was higher among girls who had menarche before 11 years of age (aPRR 4.02; 95% CI 1.45 – 11.12), were aged 19 (aPRR 3.31; 95% CI 1.58 – 6.93), or were attending the local high school (aPRR 2.99; 95% CI 1.34 – 6.68).
Conclusions: The adequacy of MHM among adolescent girls in Bukedea District is considerably lower than the national average. Increasing access to secondary education could promote adequate MHM.
Incidence, prognostic factors, and a nomogram of lung metastases at diagnosis: a pan-cancer population-based study
Authors: Xu Zihan , Wang Li , Zhao Yuxin , Liu Tao , Tu Li , He Yingying , Luo Feng
Published: June 2023

Lung metastasis is common and usually associated with poor outcomes in cancer patients. Currently, the epidemiologic and survival data of synchronous lung metastases (SLM) are lacking. We collected 61,493 patients who were diagnosed with lung metastases at the time of primary cancer diagnosis between 2010 and 2017. The age-adjusted incidence of SLM increased from 9.86/100,000 in 2010 to 12.03/100,000 by 2017 [APC: 3.08; 95% CI: 2.30–3.86]. For adults > 35, digestive system cancer is the most common primary site. For younger patients, the top cancers with SLM were more heterogenous. Survival analysis of SLM patients with different primary tumor types suggested that the median OS was the best for the male genital system malignances and the worst for the digestive system malignances. Furthermore, a nomogram comprising age, race, gender, grade, tumor size, N stage and sites was established to predict the 1-/3-/5-year survival probability of patients with SLM, with the C-indexes of 0.628 (95% CI: 0.622–0.634) for the internal validations and 0.620 (95% CI: 0.610–0.630) for the external validations. In conclusion, the incidence of SLM has continued to increase recent years, and a nomogram based on prognostic analysis could accurately quantify the survival rates of patients with SLM.
Comparison of birth outcomes of mothers covered by Medicaid versus those privately insured when accounting for social determinants of health
Authors: Damodaran Kriti , Brumberg Heather , Jawale Nilima , Giblin Clare , Shah Shetal
Published: June 2023

Objectives: To determine the association between maternal health insurance type & birth outcomes [prematurity, small for gestational age (SGA), Term/Appropriate for gestational age NICU admission (Term/AGA-NICU) & composite birth outcomes (CBO)] accounting for social determinants of health.
Design/Methods: Cross-sectional study of maternal surveys and birth certificate data of singleton live births in NY born to mothers with Medicaid (M) or Private Insurance (PI).
Results: 1015 mothers [M= 631, PI= 384) included. Individual birth outcomes did not differ between groups. Adjusting for social, demographic and clinical covariates, M mothers had similar odds of preterm birth, SGA, Term/AGA-NICU admission and CBO compared to PI.
Conclusions: M mothers were as likely as PI mothers to deliver a preterm, SGA or a Term/AGA-NICU infant after controlling for social determinants of health. Despite more social adversity among enrollees, our study suggests NY Medicaid recipients have similar birth outcomes to privately insured, socially advantaged women.
Rev1-Rev7 Complex Inhibitor JH-RE-06 Enhances Mitomycin C Chemosensitivity in HCT116 Colorectal Cancer Cells
Authors: Cheng Jianhua , Sun Haotong , Ma Wenye , Xu Jie , Hao Yanjie , Wang Feimiao , Li Xin , Wang Huan , Ling Jun , Xu Fang
Published: June 2023

Background: Cancer cells can develop resistance to DNA interstrand crosslinker agents through a DNA repair bypass pathway called TLS. JH-RE-06, a TLS-targeting inhibitor, has been shown to increase melanoma cell susceptibility to cisplatin. Nevertheless, whether JH-RE-06 can be used in combination with Mitomycin C (MMC) to benefit Colorectal Cancer (CRC) patients receiving hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) treatment remains unknown.
Methods: Colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) and Rectum adenocarcinoma (READ) data were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, and the expression of Rev1-associated proteins in normal and malignant tissues were compared to generate receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC) . The association between Rev1 and Rev7 expression and the prognosis of CRC patients was derived from the PrognoScan database. Expression at the protein level was verified with a tissue microarray. Western blot was performed to identify alterations in the protein levels of Rev1 and Rev7 following MMC treatment of HCT116 cells, whereas CCK8 revealed alterations in the IC50 value of MMC following the knockdown of Rev7 and Rev1. Co-Immunoprecipitation for the targeting of JH-RE-06. EdU demonstrated the inhibitory effect of JH-RE-06 and MMC on cancer cell growth; Wound healing, and clone formation assays were carried out to evaluate the cell migration and clone formation abilities, respectively. Flow cytometry analysis was performed to detect cell apoptosis, and a commercial reagent kit was used to detect ROS and NAD+/NADH changes. Immunofluorescence was used to analyze cellular DNA damage. Finally, the potential mechanism of action and targets of JH-RE-06 in the treatment of CRC were investigated by network pharmacology.
Results: Analysis of bioinformatics data revealed high expression of Rev1 and Rev1-associated proteins Rad18, Rev3, and Rev7 in CRC tumor tissues compared to normal tissues, with Rad18 and Rev7 showing high diagnostic values for CRC. High Rev1 expression was associated with a poor prognosis, whereas high Rev7 expression was associated with a favorable prognosis. The protein-level expression of Rev1 and Rev7 was verified by immunohistochemistry, indicating that the downregulation of Rev1 and Rev7 may increase HCT116 susceptibility to MMC treatment. Co-treatment with JH-RE-06 may augment the therapeutic efficacy of MMC in CRC cells, increase cell apoptosis, mitochondrial and DNA damage, and limit cancer cell migration and clone formation. Results from network pharmacology revealed that JH-RE-06 treatment may also involve the MAPK, PI3K, and Akt signaling pathways.
Conclusions: Rad18 and Rev7 can be employed as predictive biomarkers for CRC. Targeting TLS renders HCT116 sensitive to MMC treatment, and JH-RE-06 has the potential to serve as a combination therapy medication for the MMC treatment of peritoneal metastatic CRC in HIPEC.
Validation of phytochemicals from Houttuynia cordata for their effect on dipeptidyl peptidase IV and sodium/glucose cotransporter 2: an in silico study
Authors: Pakyntein Careen Liza , Thabah Daiahun , Syiem Donkupar , Rai Anita Kumari
Published: June 2023

The study identified and screened phytochemicals present in Houttuynia cordata and characterized their ADME/Tox properties. The powdered plant extracted using water and methanol for about 24h was refluxed, filtered, and evaporated to dryness under reduced pressure and subjected to High-Performance Thin Layer Chromatography, and Gas Chromatography tandem mass spectrometry analysis using a standard protocol. The compounds identified from Houttuynia cordata were docked with antidiabetic targets- dipeptidyl peptidase-IV and sodium/glucose cotransporter 2. High-Performance Thin Layer Chromatography and Gas Chromatography tandem mass spectrometry analysis showed the presence of several compounds by matching their recorded spectra with the data bank mass spectra from the NIST library. ADME/Tox properties and docking of the identified compounds indicate the potentiality of the compounds as drug candidates. Selected compounds from Houttuynia cordata have good pharmacokinetic properties and binding affinity for DPP-IV and SGLT2. However, the isolation of these phytoconstituents and their in vivo activity will help give a better insight and will open a new area of investigation of individual components and their pharmacological potency.
Awareness and intention to use event-driven and long-acting injectable pre-exposure prophylaxis among adolescent and young men who have sex with men and transgender women in Brazil
Authors: Magno Laio , Leite Beo , Grangeiro Alexandre , Dezanet Lorenza , Soares Fabiane , Dourado Inês
Published: June 2023

Background
We aimed to investigate awareness and intention to use event-driven (ED-PrEP) and long-acting injectable pre-exposure prophylaxis (LAI-PrEP) and associated factors among adolescents and young men who have sex with men (AYMSM) and young transgender women (AYTGW).
Methods
A cross-sectional study with this population aged 15–20 years from the PrEP1519 project, a cohort study on daily oral PrEP in Brazil. The outcome variables were the intention to use ED-PrEP and LAI-PrEP. Adjusted odds ratios were estimated using binomial logistic regression.
Results
Only 15·3% and 18·0% of the adolescents were aware of the ED-PrEP and LAI-PrEP options, respectively, with 56·4% reporting intention to use ED-PrEP and 81·5% intention to use LAI-PrEP. Adolescents with low adherence to daily oral PrEP were more likely to intend to use ED-PrEP; however, those who reported always/oftently using condoms in insertive anal sex with steady or casual partners were less likely to intend to use ED-PrEP. As for LAI-PrEP, those reporting middle or low socioeconomic status and three or more casual partners in the previous three months were more likely to intend to use LAI-PrEP. Adolescents who never used daily oral PrEP were less likely to intend to use LAI-PrEP.
Conclusions
AYMSM and AYTGW in Brazil expressed a greater intention to use LAI PrEP over ED-PrEP, and their sexual behavior pattern strongly influenced their choice of the method. These prevention products mean that there are additional options. Improving choice can potentially increase PrEP uptake and use.
Effects of soil compaction and vegetation weeding on the above-, and belowground growth of boreal evergreen conifer seedlings
Authors: Sugai Tetsuto , Harayama Hisanori , Tobita Hiroyuki , Kitao Mitsutoshi
Published: June 2023

If the soil compaction by the running of forestry machines does not suppress the growth of planted seedlings, this operation may be an alternative method to conventional weeding to control vegetation competition. To evaluate the effects of soil compaction and the weeding of vegetation on seedlings of three boreal evergreen coniferous species, the field experiment was conducted for two years. Under weeding conditions, the main target species, Abies sachalinensis seedlings with thick fine roots showed relatively robust belowground growth under soil compaction rather than the other Picea species with thin fine roots. The soil compaction suppressed the density and height of vegetation, mitigating the light conditions. In A. sachalinensis seedings, leaf mass per area, nitrogen content per leaf area, and specific root length of fine roots significantly respond to the weeding treatment without soil compaction. No weeding suppressed the relative growth rate in root collar diameter and aboveground volume, while these changes were not observed under soil compaction. Both the results of light conditions and the responses of seedlings indicated that the competitive conditions were weakened by soil compaction. These results suggested that when planting the functional type with thicker fine roots, such as A. sachalinensis, the machine running may contribute to the forest vegetation management.
Smart packaging for food spoilage assessment based on Hibiscus sabdariffa L. anthocyanin-loaded chitosan films
Authors: Khezerlou Arezou , Tavassoli Milad , Alizadeh-Sani Mahmood , Ehsani Ali , McClements David Julian
Published: June 2023

An on-package colorimetric label was fabricated using Hibiscus sabdariffa L. anthocyanin as a freshness indicator because its color depends on pH. The anthocyanins were embedded within a chitosan matrix. The colorimetric labels were applied to estimate the spoilage of fish food during storage at 25°C for 3 days. According to scanning electron microscopy results, the inclusion of the anthocyanins in chitosan matrix resulted in formation dense and uniform film. The chitosan colorimetric labels had acceptable thicknesses (78–85 µm), moisture contents (14 − 16%), swelling indices (84–102%), water vapor permeabilities (3.0–3.2 × 10− 11 g. m/m2. s. Pa), tensile strengths (11.3–12.3 MPa), and elongation at breaks (14–39%). It is noteworthy that the label can distinguish fish spoilage by color turn from light brown (fresh) to grayish (spoiled) by the naked-eye, due to alterations in the pH content and formation of volatile basic nitrogen during storage. Our results indicate that all-natural color labels can be an effective method to monitor the fish spoilage during storage, which may improve food quality and sustainability.
Eating Disorders and Social Media Use among College Students in Japan and China: A Cross-sectional Survey
Authors: Bai Yijing , Numata Noriko , Shimizu Eiji
Published: June 2023

Background
In recent years, new forms of media called social networking service (SNS), such as Facebook and Sina Weibo, have spread rapidly. The higher the frequency of SNS use in combination with body dissatisfaction, the higher the risk of developing eating disorders (EDs). This study investigated the relationships between ED tendencies, SNS use intensity, and body esteem among Japanese and Chinese college students.
Methods
A total of 564 Japanese and Chinese college students aged 18–22 years old were surveyed on their age, height, and body weight, including items from the Japanese and Chinese versions of the Eating Attitude Test (EAT-26), SNS Intensity Scale, Body Esteem Scale for Adolescents and Adults (BESAA), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), and General Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) scale.
Results
The percentage of all students with a score of ≥ 20 on the EAT-26 was 15.8% (Japanese, 14.7%; Chinese, 17.0%). In the Japanese students, the EAT-26 scores were unrelated to the SNS Intensity Scale but had a weak negative correlation with the BESAA. In the Chinese students, the EAT-26 scores were unrelated to the number of friends on SNSs, and time spent on SNSs, but had a weak correlation with the SNS Intensity Scale and the BESAA. The PHQ-9, GAD-7 and EAT-26 scores were significantly correlated among the respondents. There were differences between sex and the different countries. Chinese women had significantly higher scores on the EAT-26, SNS Intensity Scale, BES-appearance, and GAD-7 than other groups. Chinese men had significantly higher scores on the BESAA, BES-attribution,and BES-weight than other groups.
Conclusions
The main findings showed that (a) ED tendencies are positively related to SNS use intensity only in China; (b) ED tendencies are negatively related to body esteem in Japan and China; and (c) SNS use intensity is positively related to body esteem in China, but not significantly correlated in Japan; (d) Chinese women show a higher risk of EDs than other groups. The results indicated that the relationships among ED tendencies, the frequency of SNS use, and body dissatisfaction, differ between Japan and China.
Significance of Functional Service Life in the Design and Planning of Buildings
Authors: Solanki Sushil Kumar , Paul Virendra Kumar
Published: June 2023

Functional Service Life planning in buildings is a significant stage of building construction that considers the operational life of the entire building and its components. However, due to lack of awareness and negligence, buildings are designed without its consideration. This research explores the integration of functional service life planning into the design and planning stages of buildings in a more tangible and viable manner to facilitate architects and designers. Key reasons for incorporating functional service life planning are identified by comprehensive expert survey. Challenges such as subjective deterioration factors, cost considerations, the complexity of prediction tools, and uncertainties surrounding service life prediction are highlighted. The study proposes a systematic approach for integrating functional service life planning into building design and planning. research concludes by underscoring the need for further investigation in the area of durability and performance of materials and components.
CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout of ovary-related serine protease gene induces a recessive female sterility in the diamondback moth
Authors: Asad Muhammad , Liao Jiaying , Chen Jing , Munir Faisal , Yang Guang
Published: June 2023

Oogenesis is a complex pathway necessary for the proper female reproduction in insects. Ovary-serine protease (Osp) is a homologous gene of serine protease nudel (SpNudel) and plays an essential role in oogenesis in Drosophila melanogaster. However, the role of Osp remains unclear in Plutella xylostella. PxOsp consisted of a 5883-bp open reading frame encoding a protein of 1994 amino acids with four conserved domains. PxOsp exhibited a high relative expression in adult female with a specifical expression in the ovary. Through the utilization of CRISPR/Cas9 technology, homozygous mutants of PxOsp were generated. These homozygous mutant females produced fewer eggs than wildtype (WT) females when crossed with WT males and these eggs failed to hatch. Conversely, mutant males produced normal progeny when crossed with WT females. The ovarioles in mutant females were significantly shorter in length and contained fewer eggs compared to WT ovarioles. Moreover, eggs laid by mutant females were fragile, with irregular shapes and unable to maintain the structural integrity due to eggshell ruptures. However, no significant differences were observed between WT and mutant individuals in terms of developmental duration, pupal weight, and mating behavior. Our study suggests that PxOsp plays a vital role in female reproduction, particularly in ovary and egg development. The disruption of PxOsp leads to a recessive female sterility without affecting male reproductive capability. This report represents the first study of a haplosufficient gene responsible for female fertility in lepidopteran insects. Additionally, these findings emphasize PxOsp as a potential target for genetically-based pest management of P. xylostella.
An Exploratory Morphometric Study of the Atlantal Part of Vertebral Artery
Authors: Punja Rohini , Kausar Aamna , R girish , hosapatna Mamatha
Published: June 2023

Purpose:
The vertebral artery (VA) is a major artery in the neck region. It arises from the first segment of the subclavian artery. The artery then traverses through the transverse foramina of each cervical vertebra leaving the transverse foramina of seventh cervical vertebrae. At the level of lower border of pons, the VA from opposite sides unite its fellow artery to form the basilar artery. There are a quite good number of CT studies of this region, whereas there are limited cadaveric studies of this region. Thus, this study aims to fill up the research gap, by doing morphometric cadaveric study of V3 segmental VA in reference to length diameter and length. And Angle of the vertical and horizontal part of V3 (Atlantal) segment of vertebral artery
Methods:
The study was conducted in the 40 vertebral arteries from 20 embalmed cadavers .
Results:
The mean length of right and left VA on each part was almost similar except for the mean length of H part (R- 38.937mm & L-40.237mm) and total length of V3 segment (R- 66.87mm & L-70.350mm).
Conclusion:
This will be of great importance to neurosurgeons who intend to operate a limited part (any of the 3 parts) of V3 segment of VA. The mean values of parameters resulted in this study gives an average measurements or safe limits to the surgeons for the safe surgical procedures like occipital condyle screw technique
The Diversity and Abundance of Soil Macrofauna under Different Agroforestry Practices in the Drylands of Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Masebo Nebiyou , Birhane Emiru , Takele Serekebrehane , Belay Zerihun , Lucena Juan J. , Sanz Araceli Pérez , Anjulo Agena
Published: June 2023

The conversion of natural lands to agricultural uses is a significant threat to soil biodiversity. Within agriculture, monoculture based systems are the most common which often result in low biodiversity because they impact the abundance, diversity, and composition of soil macrofauna (SMF). The objective of this paper was to analyze SMF abundance and diversity across different agroforestry practices (AFP) in the drylands of southern Ethiopia. The soil monolith and soil samples were collected from homegarden, cropland, woodlot, and trees on soil and water conservation based AFP using the standard Tropical Soil Biology and Fertility Institute manual, and the identification was done based on morphological characteristics and standard identification keys. The abundance, occurrence, and community composition of SMF were significantly different across the different AFPs (P < 0.05). In this study, 378 SMF belonging to 13 families, including unnamed were identified. The soil ecosystem of AFP was dominated by earthworms (relative abundance = 0.43), followed by termites (relative abundance = 0.12). The homegarden AFP type had a significantly higher number of SMF occurrence index of 46.03 (174), followed by woodlot, 26.72 (101) practices, and the lowest was recorded under cropland, 12.70 (48). The abundance, diversity, richness, and similarity of SMF were significantly related to soil total nitrogen and organic carbon. Phosphorus and pH were significantly related to the abundance and richness of SMF. The homegarden and woodlot AFP types were suitable for SMF biodiversity conservation.
Early persistent lymphopenia and risk of death in critically ill patients with and without sepsis.
Authors: Adigbli Derick , Liu Rebecca Payan , Meyer Jason , Cohen Jeremy , Tanna Gian Luca Di , Gianacas Chris , Bhattacharya Amritendu , Hammond Naomi , Walsham James , Venkatesh Bala , Hotchkiss Richard , Finfer Simon
Published: June 2023

Purpose
To determine the proportion of critically ill patients with and without sepsis who exhibit persistent lymphopenia and examine its relationship with hospital survival.
Methods
Database analysis of adult intensive care unit (ICU) patients at two hospitals in Queensland, Australia and the MIMIC III database from Boston, USA.
Results
We defined persistent lymphopenia at two thresholds (absolute lymphocyte count [ALC] <1.0 and <0.75 x 109/L) based on two qualifying values recorded during the first four days in ICU. In the USA cohort 27,646/32,528 (85.0%) patients did not have two ALCs recorded with evidence that data were not missing at random; consequently, we report the analysis of the Australian cohort. In the Australian cohort 7605/8507 (89.4%) patients had two ALCs recorded, of these 1482 (19.5%) had sepsis. Persistent lymphopenia (ALC<1.0) was present in 728/1482 (49.1%) and 2302/6123 (37.6%) of patients with and without sepsis, respectively. For ALC <0.75 the results were 487/1482 (32.9%) and 1125/6123 (18.4%), respectively. 562/3030 (18.5%) patients with persistent lymphopenia (ALC<1.0) died in hospital compared with 439/4575 (9.6%) patients without persistent lymphopenia. Persistent lymphopenia was an independent risk factor for in hospital death in all patients. The hazard ratio for death at ALC<1.0 was 1.89 (95%CI 1.31 – 2.85) and 1.17 (1.02 – 1.36) in patients with and without sepsis respectively.
Conclusions
Persistent lymphopenia is common in critically ill patients and associated with increased risk of death. The association is stronger in patients with sepsis. Trials testing the hypothesis that reversing lymphopenia reduces mortality should initially target patients with sepsis.
Data-Self-Check: A framework for automated Data Quality Assessment of Malaria routine surveillance data designed for DHIS2 using Machine Learning techniques
Authors: Kuderha Ashuza , Kala Jules , Mungungu Baraka , Adingo Wisdom , Buzima Dunia , Naomi Ndifon
Published: June 2023

Background
The extraction of valuable insights from malaria routine surveillance data is highly dependent on the processes and tools used to collect, curate, store, analyse, and disseminate that data and the essential information obtained from it. The main challenge is to ensure good quality of data collected at the local level. In this work, we have proposed a new framework for Data Quality Assessment designed for DHIS2 using Machine Learning techniques.
Methodology
The data used in this study was extracted from the DHIS2 Platform for 8 districts of Mopti in Mali for 2016 and 2017. We carried out three data preprocessing tasks. We developed four models based on machine learning algorithms for local and global outlier detection, trained and validated on malaria surveillance routine data extracted from DHIS2. We used five main evaluation metrics to assess the performance of the developed models. The proposed framework's design will consider the steps of Report-Accuracy Assessment and Cross-Checks presented in the Malaria Routine Data Quality Assessment Tool (MRDQA Tool).
Results
For the case of random errors (outliers), we found that all four models did not reach an AUC value of 60%. Despite the low value of the AUC metric, the precision scores reached values more than 90%. As the AUC metric represents the overall performance of the models, we can say that random errors do not leave enough patterns in the malaria routine surveillance data to be detected. In contrast, detecting systematic errors has good value for performance metrics (87% AUC and 98% precision. This is the case for systematic errors with the same structures (same consecutive months and same columns) in two different districts and systematic errors with different structures at the same time period in two differents districts.
Conclusion
The machine learning models integrated into the proposed framework perform well in detecting random and systematic errors (global or local outliers) in the malaria routine surveillance data. Only consistent and accurate data will be stored in the DHIS system with the proposed framework. This will maximise the potential to extract actionable knowledge from malaria routine surveillance data to make better informed-decision.
Morphological Characteristics of In-stent Restenosis with Different Degrees of Area Stenosis: An Optical Coherence Tomography Study
Authors: Zhang Wei , Shen Youcheng , Liu Zhijiang , Gu Ning , Rong Jidong , Deng Chancui , Wang Xi , Deng Yi , Ma Shuai , Yang Shuangya , Chen Lei , Hu Xingwei , Zhao Yongchao , Zhao Ranzhun , Shi Bei
Published: June 2023

Purpose
The morphological characteristics of in-stent restenosis (ISR) in relation to varying degrees of area stenosis have not been comprehensively examined. This study aimed to explore the tissue characteristics of patients experiencing ISR with different degrees of area stenosis through the utilization of optical coherence tomography (OCT).
Methods
In total, 230 patients with ISR who underwent OCT were divided into the following three groups: area stenosis (AS) < 70% (n = 26); 70%-80% (n = 119) and AS ≥ 80% (n = 85).
Results
Among the 230 patients, the clinical presentation as stable angina was 61.5% in AS < 70%, followed by 47.2% in 70% < AS ≤ 80%, and 31.8% in AS ≥ 80% (P = 0.010). The OCT findings showed that heterogeneous neointima, ISNA, LRP, neointima rupture, TCFA-like pattern, macrophage infiltration, red and white thrombus was more common with AS increased. Ordinal logistic regression analysis showed that higher AS was associated with previous dyslipidaemia (odds ratio [OR], 6.706, 95% confidence interval ([CI], 1.764–25.483; P = 0.005) and neointima rupture (odds ratio [OR], 4.472, 95% confidence interval ([CI], 1.228–16.281; P = 0.023).
Conclusions
Patients with higher degrees of area stenosis in the context of ISR exhibited a greater number of discernible morphological characteristics as identified through OCT analysis. Furthermore, previous dyslipidemia and neointima rupture was highly associated with and the progression of ISR lesions.
Preliminary study of metabonomics in patients with early and late onset type 2 diabetes mellitus based on UPLC-Q-TOF/MS: an observational study
Authors: Hao Zhaohu , Yao Junxin , Zhao Xiaoying , Liu Ran , Chang Baocheng , Shao Hailin
Published: June 2023

Aim:Non-targeted metabonomic techniques were used to explore changes in the metabolic profiles of patients with early onset and late onset T2DM.Main Methods:Newly diagnosed early onset T2DM (EarT2DM) and late onset T2DM (LatT2DM) patients were recruited, and the matched age, sex, and low-risk population of diabetes mellitus were selected as the control group.Result: A total of 117 adults were recruited in the study, including 21 in the EarT2DM group with 25 in corresponding control group (heaCG1), and 48 in the LatT2DM group with 23 in corresponding control group (heaCG2). There were 15 relatively distinctive metabolic variants in EarT2DM group and 10 distinctive metabolic variants in LatT2DM group. The same changing pathways mainly involved protein, aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, fatty acid biosynthesis, taurine metabolism, arginine biosynthesis, lysosome and mTOR signaling pathway. The independent disturbed pathways in EarT2DM included branched chain amino acids, alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism. The independent disturbed pathways in LatT2DM involved linoleic acid metabolism, biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids, arginine, proline metabolism and FoxO signaling pathway.Conclusions:T2DM patients at different diagnosed ages may have different metabolite profiles. These metabolic differences need to be further verified. Further studies are needed to determine whether the higher risk of complications in early-onset type 2 diabetes is related to its specific metabolic profile.
Enhancement of catalytic efficiency of enzymatic redox reaction by composing a horseradish peroxidase-modified electrode with ionic liquids
Authors: Noritomi Yasuko , Kuboki Takashi , Noritomi Hidetaka
Published: June 2023

We have kinetically estimated the redox reaction at the horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-modified electrode combined with ionic liquids by adding N-(2-methoxythethyl)-N-methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethane sulfonyl)imide (MEMPTFSI) to HRP/carbon paste (CP)/Ketjenblack EC600JC (EC). The redox reaction at the HRP/CP/EC/MEMPTFSI-modified electrode and the HRP/CP-modified electrode could be correlated by Michaelis-Menten equation. Michaelis constant of the redox reaction at the HRP/CP/EC/MEMPTFSI-modified electrode was the same as that at the HRP/CP-modified electrode. On the other hand, the turnover number of the redox reaction at the HRP/CP/EC/MEMPTFSI-modified electrode was six times larger than that at the HRP/CP-modified electrode. Consequently, the specific constant of the redox reaction at the HRP/CP/EC/MEMPTFSI-modified electrode was much higher than that at the HRP/CP-modified electrode.
Gender Labor Market Outcome Differentials in Korea: How Does the Horizontal Mismatch Play?
Authors: Choi Sunki , Ahn Joonhong
Published: June 2023

The gender wage inequality in Korea has been higher than in any other OECD country since 1996. In this paper, we study the evolution of the differentials between genders in wages and job satisfaction from 2008 to 2018 using the Graduates Occupational Mobility Survey in Korea. Wage regressions are estimated year by year for male and female workers and used to calculate the impact of horizontal mismatch on yearly wage differentials. We also estimate overall job satisfaction differentials between workers with matched jobs and non-matched jobs. To deal with unobservable heterogeneity, we utilize Heckman two-step methods. The findings imply that male workers have enjoyed higher wages and job satisfaction than their comparable female workers for both horizontally matched and not-matched group. Moreover, recent periods show that gender wage and job satisfaction differentials are consistently larger in matched job workers than in non-matched job workers.
JEL Codes: J16, J28, J31, J71