bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
COMERCIALIZAÇÃO DO PESCADO NO MUNICÍPIO DE LARANJAL DO JARI, AMAPÁ, BRASIL
Authors: Duarte Welington Fidelis , Andrade Samuel de Carvalho
Published: January 2025

Fishing is the cornerstone of the economy in the Amazon region, which stands out compared to other Brazilian regions due to the richness of the species exploited. Fishing ensures income and subsistence for a significant portion of the population and is one of the most traditional activities in Brazil, generating important revenue for the country and for fish production in the states of Amapá and Pará. Fish has increasingly become one of the main foods on the table of the people of Amapá, with the most consumed species including Pirapitinga, Tambaqui, Tucunaré, Filhote, Dourada, Traíra, Acará, Pescada, Acari, and Tamuatá. Through data collection and using the inductive method, we aim to outline the profile of fish commercialization and inspection in the municipality of Laranjal do Jari. Buying and selling promote and drive the local economy, but with little attention to the handling and conservation of the product until it reaches the final consumer, that is, the customer in Laranjal. The analysis will objectively examine which fish are most sought after, their origin whether from fish farms, the Jari River, or nearby cities along with the challenges faced by vendors in their daily work to market these species.
A SEGURANÇA NA CONSTRUÇÃO CIVIL
Authors: Breda Luiz Junior , Andrade Carolina
Published: January 2025

The civil building has a large number of accidents, a figure that has been growing gradually. We note that the main factors for the occurrence of this fact comprises the turnover of workforce and the lack of culture of employees in the use and training of the correct use of PPE and EPCs. The solution to the decline of this index is to prevent the accident. The awareness through training, lectures, contests posters, etc are one of the determinants for the course of the work without the occurrence of physical harm to the employee services factors. From this perspective, the present study deals with the theme “Safety in Construction”. Thus, in the course of the analyzes was faced with the following question: What is the relevance of safety equipment be used? It is well known the great importance in properly use safety equipment to prevent accidents and to achieving a quality of life better in construction sites. Has the general objective of performing a literature about the safety at construction sites of the Civil Engineering sector, for, through specific goals, analyze how is the security process, which the ideal equipment and precautions to be taken; verify the use of PPE and EPCs in Civil Engineering; inform and illustrate the importance of work safety in construction, accident prevention and reduction of occupational diseases. To reach the predetermined goals, this study used scientific methodology descriptive literature, based on BOOKS, magazines and journals on the theme, describing the facts related to safety found at construction sites.
NCS-MÔ ĐUN VÀ ỨNG DỤNG
Authors: Hoàng Đình Hải , Nguyễn Thị Hà Nhi , Nguyễn Hải Yến , Trần Lê Huyền , Nguyễn Thị Hương Giang
Published: January 2025

Có những cấu trúc, từ thuở ban sơ khi mới được hình thành có thể còn có những đặc trưng chưa hoàn chỉnh. Ví dụ tổng trực tiếp của hai phần tử cùng cấu trúc đại số không còn thuộc tính của cấu trúc đó. NCS-môđun là một trong những cấu trúc có hiện tượng này. Trong bài bào này, chúng tôi đưa ra một cấu trúc môđun nhằm khắc phục hiện tượng trên nhưng vẫn giữ nguyên một số thuộc tính ban đầu của NCS-môđun, đó là NCS-môđun nội xạ. Điều đáng nói là NCS-môđun nội xạ đã cho ta một sự phân loại trên một số lớp môđun nội xạ. Đây chính là ý nghĩa khoa học của việc ứng dụng NCS-môđun nội xạ trong phân loại cấu trúc đại số.
ẢNH HƯỞNG CỦA HÀM LƯỢNG TRO BAY LÊN CÁC ĐẶC TÍNH CƠ LÝ VÀ VI CẤU TRÚC CỦA VỮA CƯỜNG ĐỘ CAO
Authors: Ngô Sĩ Huy , Lê Thị Giang , Lê Sỹ Chính , Nguyễn Thiên Long
Published: January 2025

Quá trình sản xuất xi măng thải ra một lượng lớn khí CO2 làm cho trái đất nóng lên, trong khi đó các nhà máy nhiệt điện hàng ngày cũng thải ra một lượng lớn tro bay. Bài báo nghiên cứu sử dụng tro bay để thay thế một phần xi măng trong sản xuất vữa cường độ cao. Ảnh hưởng của hàm lượng tro bay lên các đặc tính cơ lý và vi cấu trúc của vữa được nghiên cứu. Kết quả thí nghiệm chỉ ra rằng, mặc dù cường độ chịu nén và vận tốc truyền xung siêu âm của các mẫu vữa giảm khi tăng hàm lượng tro bay, tuy nhiên các mẫu vữa vẫn đạt cường độ chịu nén lớn hơn 50 MPa và giá trị vận tốc truyền xung siêu âm lớn hơn 4100 m/s. Tất cả các mẫu vữa đều có khả năng chống lại sự thẩm thấu của các ion Clo tương đối tốt. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy có thể sử dụng tro bay của nhà máy nhiệt điện Nghi Sơn 1 để thay thế một phần xi măng trong sản xuất vữa xây dựng có chất lượng cao.
PHÂN VÙNG HÌNH ẢNH NỘI SOI POLYP TRỰC TRÀNG - THỰC TRẠNG VÀ MỘT SỐ HƯỚNG PHÁT TRIỂN
Authors: Nguyễn Hoàng Long , Nguyễn Đình Công , Lê Thị Hồng Hà
Published: January 2025

Phân vùng hình ảnh y tế liên quan đến việc trích xuất các vùng được quan tâm trong hình ảnh. Với sự phát triển của công nghệ trí tuệ nhân tạo, các phương pháp phân vùng hình ảnh y tế đã đạt được những kết quả đáng mong đợi. Trong bài báo này, chúng tôi cung cấp một cái nhìn tổng thể về các phương pháp phân vùng hình ảnh nội soi polyp. Tiếp theo đó, các phương pháp này sẽ được đánh giá trên các tập dữ liệu tiêu chuẩn. Cuối cùng, chúng tôi thảo luận về những thách thức và các hướng phát triển trong tương lai của chủ đề nghiên cứu.
ÁP DỤNG CÔNG NGHỆ BLOCKCHAIN TRONG QUY TRÌNH BẢO MẬT BÀI THI THỰC HÀNH TẠI PHÒNG MÁY TÍNH
Authors: Trịnh Thị Phú , Nguyễn Thu Hương
Published: January 2025

Bảo mật bài thi trong hệ thống giáo dục đang đối mặt với nhiều thách thức, từ gian lận đến quản lý dữ liệu và xác thực danh tính. Trong nỗ lực giải quyết những vấn đề này, công nghệ blockchain đã trở thành một giải pháp hứa hẹn. Bài viết này trình bày cách mà blockchain có thể tích hợp vào quy trình bảo mật bài thi đối với một số môn thi thực hành tại phòng máy tính, nhấn mạnh vào việc xác thực danh tính, bảo vệ dữ liệu, chống gian lận và quản lý thông tin kết quả; trình bày ưu điểm của việc sử dụng blockchain như tính toàn vẹn dữ liệu và minh bạch, cũng như đề cập đến thách thức về chi phí triển khai và sự phức tạp trong tích hợp. Ngoài ra, bài viết cũng trình bày các ví dụ thực tế về việc áp dụng blockchain trong bảo mật bài thi, nhấn mạnh vào tiềm năng và những thách thức cần vượt qua để sử dụng blockchain một cách hiệu quả trong việc bảo mật bài thi trong hệ thống giáo dục.
PENDAMPINGAN DIGITALISASI MARKETING DAN SOSIALISASI PENGELOLAAN LAPORAN KEUANGAN DENGAN MENINGKATKAN KINERJA PADA UMKM SIOMAY A’A DI BANDAR LAMPUNG
Authors: Mudrikah Ritali Evi , Fahrizal Azli , Saputri Daristi Julia , Andini Putri , Lestari Lestari , Santosa Aji , Kemal Malik Maulana
Published: January 2025

Program Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat ini diimplementasikan dengan objektif fundamental untuk mengidentifikasi problematika komunitas lokal, dengan orientasi pada optimalisasi kualitas hidup serta transformasi paradigma dalam dimensi materil dan non-materil. Secara simultan, program ini diarahkan pada pengembangan kapabilitas mahasiswa dalam penguasaan sains, teknologi, dan seni, serta kultivasi dedikasi dan responsibilitas terhadap prospek nasional sebagai manifestasi Tri Dharma Perguruan Tinggi. Eksekusi program terealisasi pada 15 November 2024, mengusung tema Pendampingan Digitalisasi Marketing dan Sosialisasi Pengelolaan Laporan Keuangan dengan fokus pada peningkatan performansi operasional UMKM Siomay A'a di Bandar Lampung. Inisiasi program ini diproyeksikan untuk mengkatalisasi pemahaman partisipan mengenai signifikansi implementasi sistem pelaporan keuangan berbasis SAK EMKM, mengingat minimnya apresiasi pelaku usaha terhadap urgensi administrasi finansial, sehingga memerlukan intervensi dalam bentuk pelatihan pencatatan keuangan. Selain itu, program ini menekankan urgensi adopsi digital marketing sebagai instrumen optimalisasi sistem pemasaran untuk ekspansi market share dan akselerasi efektivitas aktivitas penjualan. Metodologi yang diimplementasikan berbasis pada pendekatan instruksional melalui eksposisi materi secara langsung, memfasilitasi pemahaman komprehensif dan interaksi dialogis dengan partisipan.
Desain UI/UX Platform Berita Terintegrasi Menggunakan Metode Design Thinking
Authors: Akbar sholikhin  , Ina Sholihah Widiati
Published: January 2025

Kemajuan teknologi informasi telah mengubah cara masyarakat mengakses berita.Dengan munculnya berbagai platform berita yang menangani beragam informasi, pengguna dihadapkan pada tantangan untuk memperoleh informasi relevan secara efisien.Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah merancang user interface (UI) dan user experience (UX) sebuah platform berita terintegrasi yang memberikan kemudahan akses ke berbagai sumber berita di sebuah website dalam satu website.Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan desain yang berpusat pada pengguna untuk mengungkap kebutuhan dan preferensi pengguna melalui survei yang melibatkan responden dari berbagai latar belakang.Hasil analisis data menunjukkan pentingnya fungsi pencarian yang efektif, kategori berita yang jelas, dan desain yang responsif untuk meningkatkan pengalaman pengguna.Prototipe yang dihasilkan bertujuan untuk mengurangi kerumitan dalam mengakses berita, mempercepat proses pencarian, dan memberikan pengalaman yang lebih menyenangkan bagi pengguna.Desain yang diusulkan tidak hanya memperhatikan estetika tetapi juga kemudahan navigasi, memungkinkan pengguna menjelajahi berbagai sumber berita dengan mudah.Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat berkontribusi pada pengembangan platform berita yang lebih ramah pengguna dan efisien di era digital saat ini.
Compressive Pantyhose Mitigates Muscle Fatigue in Ballet-Specific Test: A Pilot Study
Authors: Mota Gustavo R. , Sasaki Jeffer E. , Rocha Mirelly R. , Fonseca Pedro Augusto Bianchi Da , Ide Bernardo N. , Goto Kazushige , Oliveira Donizete Cicero X. De , Marocolo Moacir
Published: January 2025

Compression garments, utilized in sports and exercise for performance enhancement and recovery, lack sufficient well-controlled studies to overcome any potential placebo effect. Therefore, we tested whether wearing compressive pantyhose (CP) during the Ballet-specific aerobic fitness test (BAFT) would influence performance, recovery, physiological, and perceptual indicators. Additionally, this pilot study tested the feasibility of the research procedures and informed adjustments for the main study. Nine young classical ballerinas attended two sessions on different days: a) wearing CP (pressure of 20-30 mmHg) or b) wearing a placebo pantyhose ([PLA] no compression, containing an illusory effect) during the BAFT. We assessed heart rate (HR) and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) during the BAFT, perceived recovery (PRS), lower-limb delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) at Pre and 24 h Post, and standing heel-rise test performance at Pre, 30 min, and 24 h Post. No variables differed (p>0.05) between CP and PLA (e.g., HR mean over 5 BAFT phases: 178±14 bpm vs. 179±17 bpm, p=0.63; RPE 30 min post: 9.1±0.8 vs. 9.1±0.8 arbitrary units, p=0.94). However, wearing CP promoted attenuation in acute fatigue, while PLA showed a performance decrement (p<0.05) 30 min Post in the standing heel-rise test: CP 30.2±6.0 to 22.8±7.5 repetitions and PLA 36.2±11.7 to 22.9±6.3 repetitions. We conclude that CP may mitigate acute fatigue in the triceps surae muscle of amateur classical ballet dancers, making it relevant for their acute recovery, particularly in cases involving multiple daily performances. Additionally, this pilot study confirmed the feasibility of the procedures.
KONSEP GURU IDEAL MENURUT MUNIF CHOTIB DALAM BUKU GURUNYA MANUSIA
Authors: Fauzi
Published: January 2025

Sebagai salah satu komponen pendidikan penebar nilai-nilai kemanusiaan dalam proses belajar mengajar guru harus ikut berperan dalam usaha pembentukan sumber daya manusia potensial dan berkualitas. Oleh karena itu, guru harus ikut serta secara aktif dan menempatkan kedudukannya sebagai tenaga profesional, sesuai dengan tuntutan masyarakat yang semakin berkembang. Setiap pribadi guru terletak tanggung jawab untuk membawa peserta didiknya pada suatu kedewasaan atau taraf kematangan tertentu, dalam hal ini guru tidak semata-mata sebagai pengajar yang melakukan transfer of knowledge, tetapi juga melakukan transfer of values dan sekaligus transfer of skill. Berdasarkan rumusan masalah diatas penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana konsep guru yang ideal menurut Munif Chotib dalam bukunya yang berjudul“gurunya manusia” dan bagaimana cara menjadi guru yang ideal menurut munif chotib. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif dengan model library research. pengumpulan data menggunakan metode dokumentasi, serta analisis data menggunakan content analisys. Konsep guru ideal menurut Munif Chotib adalah guru yang menjungjung tinggi potensi-potensi kemanusiaan yang disebut dengan gurunya manusia, memiliki kompetensi pedagogik, kompetensi kepribadian, kompetensi sosial dan kompetensi professional. Untuk menjadi guru yang ideal ada lima syarat menurut Munif Chotib sebagai berikut : Bersedia untuk selalu belajar, membuat perencanaan pembelajaran secara rutin, bersedia diobservasi, Selalu tertantang meningkatkan kreativitas, memiliki karakter yang baik. Selain syarat tersebut juga ada yang harus dilakukan sebagai cara menjadi guru ideal sebagai berikut : Mengangap setiap peserta didiknya adalah Juara, Mengajar dengan hati, Memahami kemampuan dan kecerdasan anak dalam arti luas, Terus menjelajah kemampuan siswa, Mengajar dengan cara menyenangkan, Memposisikan diri sebagai fasilitator.
ANALYZING CLASS-PRESERVING AUTOMORPHISMS IN INFINITE PERMUTATION GROUPS
Authors: Anju Anju , Jakhar Manjeet Singh
Published: January 2025

Class-preserving automorphisms represent a unique subset of automorphisms in mathematical structures, particularly within permutation groups, where they preserve the structure of distinct classes of elements. Infinite permutation groups emerge as a key focus, showcasing their diverse applications in group theory, topology, and algebraic geometry. This research paper unravels the fascinating world of class-preserving automorphisms in infinite permutation groups. The implications of this study span various domains of mathematics and beyond real-world applications.
ANALYZING CLASS-PRESERVING AUTOMORPHISMS IN INFINITE PERMUTATION GROUPS
Authors: Gunjan Gunjan , Jakhar Manjeet Singh
Published: January 2025

The chance that a pair of elements randomly selected from a group 𝐺 commute under some automorphism of G is measured by the G-auto commuting probability in finite groups. This study presents a comprehensive computational analysis of 𝐺-auto commuting probability in finite groups. By leveraging algorithms and computational methods, we explore the structural insights and patterns revealed by the interaction between group elements and automorphisms. Our approach assesses groups of varying sizes and complexities, examining how the probability changes with different group properties and automorphism structures. The results provide a foundation for understanding the intrinsic symmetry and dynamics of finite groups, offering potential applications in group theory, coding theory, and other areas where group symmetry plays a key role.
Arquitectura de Monitoreo Remoto Open-Source Aplicada a Microredes RER para Generación de Hidrógeno Verde con Electrolizador PEM
Authors: Tisza-Contreras Juan , Ortega Solorzano David
Published: January 2025

Este trabajo presenta el desarrollo de un sistema de monitoreo remoto para las variables principales de una microred (MG) tipo isla con topología BUS DC. La MG, alimentada por una fuente fotovoltaica (PV), provee energía a una planta piloto de producción de hidrógeno verde (H2V). El sistema integra el proceso de producción con un mecanismo de supervisión y monitoreo remoto, basado en tecnologías modernas que permiten la recopilación, procesamiento y visualización eficiente de datos en tiempo real.
La simulación de la microred y el proceso de producción se realizaron en MATLAB, generando datos representativos que se transmiten a través de un servidor OPC UA. Este servidor garantiza la transferencia confiable de datos hacia una API desarrollada en Python utilizando Flask. La API, accesible mediante un endpoint en formato JSON, emplea Ngrok para crear un túnel seguro que habilita el acceso remoto desde cualquier ubicación.
Los datos recopilados se integran en un sitio web desarrollado en WordPress, donde un script en JavaScript consume la API, procesa los valores y los presenta dinámicamente. Esta arquitectura modular, de bajo costo y basada en herramientas de código abierto, está alineada con los principios de la industria 4.0 y constituye una metodología escalable para la supervisión remota de sistemas energéticos complejos.
Influencia de los obstáculos epistemológicos en la formación de investigadores por la universidad peruana
Authors: Torres-Quiroz Almintor Giovanni
Published: January 2025

En el modelo investigado se determinó la influencia de los obstáculos epistemológicos, que dificultan la formación del pensamiento científico de los estudiantes universitarios. Se investigó desde la perspectiva epistemológica y pedagógica el constructo "obstáculo". El objetivo fue determinar el contexto explicativo en las variables. El corpus consistió en el análisis de tres variables, 12 indicadores y subindicadores, sistematizados en 50 ítems. El instrumento de campo utilizado fue el cuestionario, el cual fue validado y aplicado a una muestra de 319 estudiantes. La calidad de la información permitió validar los modelos de ecuaciones estructurales, demostrándose las hipótesis. Los resultados son aceptados, porque se demostró que los obstáculos de investigación influyen en los de experiencia y estos, a su vez, en los obstáculos especiales por los estudiantes.
Viabilidad de la investigación formativa en la carrera de administración de la universidad nacional del callao, 2023
Authors: Plasencia-Alva Maibi Ana , Aguilar-Loyaga Santiago Rodolfo
Published: January 2025

El objetivo de la presente investigación analiza la viabilidad de la investigación formativa en la carrera de administración de la UNAC, lo que implica determinar si el esquema de investigación formativa con el que se viene trabajando cumple con los requisitos normativos y pedagógicos para lograr su correcta implementación .La metodología es de nivel exploratorio, de enfoque cualitativo, de diseño metodológico “investigación – acción” y de visión técnico - científica. Ello implica que se propondrá mejoras al esquema de investigación formativa paraaplicarlas en la FCA UNAC. Instrumentos de recolección de información: Se realizó encuestas a alumnos, encuestas a docentes, entrevistas a expertos, consulta de bibliografía, consulta de normas y comparación con modelos de educación internacionales y nacionales. Los resultados evidencian positivamente, y en base a experiencias universitarias internacionales y nacionales que sí es viable aplicar la Investigación Formativa en todos loscursos de la carrera de Administración y en todas las asignaturas. En base a los resultados de la presente investigación se ha propuesto una serie de mejoras al esquema de investigación formativa.
Influencia de la implementación del enfoque tecnológico para fortalecer la competencia de estudiantes en cursos de diseño o desarrollo de soluciones en un programa de ingeniería electrónica
Authors: Tirado-Mendoza Gabriel Augusto
Published: January 2025

La investigación consiste en la aplicación del enfoque tecnológico en el desarrollo de sesiones experimentales de aprendizaje para fortalecer las competencia de los estudiantes de Ingeniería Electrónica en el curso de Tecnologías de la Información; por cuanto dicho curso presenta tópicos de complejidad sobre nuevas tecnologías, teniéndose como efecto un número mayoritario de estudiantes con bajo rendimiento en el nivel de logro de aprendizaje por no alcanzar las capacidades de la asignatura. En ese sentido, se desarrolló nuevos diseños de sesiones experimentales de aprendizaje, aplicando una combinación de metodologías del enfoque tecnológico tales como las metodologías activas de clase invertida y el aprendizaje basado en proyectos; logrando que los estudiantes demuestren de forma continua el progreso de sus proyectos y asegurando el dominio de las temáticas tratadas en cada unidad del curso. El resultado alcanzado impacta directamente en el logro de las competencias de los estudiantes.  Como resultado de las 16 sesiones de aprendizaje, los estudiantes alcanzaron una calificación promedio general de 16.03 en la competencia diseño o desarrollo de soluciones y manejo de herramientas modernas, considerando una desviación estándar de 2.97 y 93% de valoración en la medición realizada por el decente mediante la encuesta de percepción sobre la satisfacción y el aprendizaje. En tal sentido, se concluye que si existe una alta influencia en la aplicación de la metodología de enfoque tecnológico para fortalecer las competencias de estudiantes de ingeniería electrónica.
Presentación la segunda publicación del año 2024 de la revista Ciencia y Tecnología
Authors: Tirado-Mendoza Gabriel Augusto
Published: January 2025

En esta nueva entrega, continuamos fortaleciendo nuestra misión de difundir investigaciones de alta calidad, elaboradas por académicos y profesionales que abordan los retos contemporáneos con rigor y creatividad. Los artículos que conforman este número son una muestra del esfuerzo y la excelencia de nuestra comunidad investigadora, y representan valiosas contribuciones para el desarrollo científico y tecnológico. Nos llena de orgullo contar con la confianza de investigadores de la Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería y la Universidad Privada del Norte, quienes han elegido nuestra revista para dar a conocer los resultados de sus trabajos. Su participación refleja el creciente prestigio y relevancia de este espacio académico en el ámbito científico nacional.
Suomen ulko- ja turvallisuuspoliittisen päätöksenteon tarkastelua deliberatiivisen demokratian näkökulmasta
Authors: Salomaa Hannu
Published: January 2025

Suomen ulko- ja turvallisuuspolitiikkaa on perinteisesti johdettu eliittilähtöisesti ilman merkittävää julkista keskustelua. Venäjän hyökkäyssota Ukrainaan vuonna 2022 ja Suomen liittyminen sotilas­liitto Natoon ovat kuitenkin muuttaneet näitä keskustelemattomuuden lähtökohtia. Päätöksentekoprosesseja ulko- ja turvallisuuspolitiikassa luonnehtii kaikesta huolimatta edelleen konsensushakuisuus. Mielipidekyselyissä suurin osa suomalaisista antaa vuosi toisensa jälkeen tukensa Suomen ulko- ja turvallisuuspolitiikan nykyisille ratkaisuille. Deliberatiivinen demokratia korostaa avointa, tasa-arvoista ja järkiperäistä julkista harkintaa päätöksenteon kohteena olevista asioista. Tässä katsausartikkelissa tarkastelen deliberatiivisen demokratian soveltamismahdollisuuksia Suomen ulko- ja turvallisuuspolitiikassa, jossa julkisen tiedon saatavuus on nykyisen päätöksentekokulttuurin epäkohdista huolimatta parantunut. Deliberatiivinen demokratia tarjoaa mahdollisuuksia kriittiseen analyysiin mutta samalla myös ideoita kansalaisten aktiivisempaan osallistumiseen ulko- ja turvallisuuspolitiikan keskusteluissa sekä päätöksentekoprosesseissa.
Arkipäivän episodit
Authors: Tiensuu Meeri Annika
Published: January 2025

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John Adams ja harvainvallan uhka Yhdysvalloissa
Authors: Vastapuu Leena , Kynsilehto Anitta , Puumala Eeva
Published: January 2025

Pääkirjoitus Kosmopolis-lehden numeroon 4/2024.
EFFECT OF CAPITAL STRUCTURE ON FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF SELECTED COMMERCIAL BANK IN NIGERIA
Authors: OKETAH SHARON UGONNE , ULO FABIAN UDUM , NWEKPA KENNETH CHUKWUMA , NKWAGU LOUIS CHINEDU
Published: January 2025

This study examined the effect of capital structure on financial performance of Selected Commercial Banks in Nigeria with emphasis on the extent to which debt ratio, equity ratio, and debt equity ratio affect financial performance of commercial banks in Nigeria. The study adopted expost facto research design. Use was made of secondary data obtained from annual report and accounts of selected commercial banks in Nigeria. Panel regression method was used to estimate the variables in addition to the descriptive statistics analysis used carry out to describe ascertain the characteristics of the dependent and independent variables. Findings reveal that debt ratio has negative significant impact on financial performance of selected commercial banks in Nigeria while, equity ratio has positive and significant effect on financial performance. The debt equity ratio also has positive significant impact on financial performance of selected commercial banks in Nigeria. The study consequently recommends that there should be an optimal debt mix that will improve financial performance of commercial in Nigeria. More so, there should be an increase in the level of equity ratio in order to improve on the profitability of commercial banks in Nigeria. Finally, commercial banks in Nigeria should increase the level of debt equity ratio in order to allow a positive liquidity.
Effect of Pin Length and Compression Force in Double Side Friction Stir Welding on Tensile Strength of AA1100
Authors: Andiansyah Mochamad , Setiawan Agus
Published: January 2025

Friction Stir Welding (FSW) is solid state welding without additives and does not produce pollution. There are two FSW welding methods, namely single side (FSW) and double side (DFSW). The FSW process in previous studies using aluminum materials, especially AA 1100 type, has not obtained optimum joint strength. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct a research study on improving the quality of tensile strength of welding results using the DFSW method on AA1100. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of variations in pin length and compressive force on the maximum tensile strength of the results of Double Side Friction Stir Welding Aluminum Alloy 1100 welding joints. The method used in this research is experimental. The welding process uses Double Side Friction Stir Welding, by varying two independent variables namely pin length 1.5 mm, 2 mm, 2.5 mm and compressive force 30 kg, 35 kg, 40 kg, 45 kg. The controlled variables used include travel speed (10 mm/min), heating temperature (250℃), shoulder diameter (25 mm), heating plate width (10 mm), and Aluminum AA1100 plate thickness (3.5 mm), with butt joint type welding. The data analysis used is Factorial Design of Experiment (DOE). The results of this study indicate that pin length and compressive force affect the tensile strength of AA1100 material welds. The maximum tensile strength value of DFSW welding results is 90.16 MPa or 80.5% of the tensile strength of the parent material. The maximum tensile strength value was obtained from the interaction of 2 mm pin length and 45 kg compressive force.
SINGLE PROPELLER DESIGN OF FLYING ELECTRIC VEHICLES
Authors: Syahyogi Abbi Ewton , Susilo Sugeng hadi
Published: January 2025

The development of passenger drone technology has opened up new opportunities in the air transportation industry, offering innovative and efficient mobility solutions. One of the key components in eVTOL vehicle design is the propeller, which functions to produce the thrust required for takeoff, hovering and flying. Efficient and optimal propeller design is very important to improve the performance and energy efficiency of these vehicles. The method used in this research includes computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation analysis to model the interaction between the propeller and air flow. The methodology used includes computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations to analyze the air flow and forces acting on the propeller, as well as prototype testing to validate the simulation results.
COMPARISON OF COMPLICATIONS OF POST PLACENTAL INSERTION OF INTRAUTERINE DEVICE IN VAGINAL DELIVERY VERSUS CESAREAN SECTION
Authors: Iqra Hafeez  , Sana Sattar  , Komal Mannan  , Faisal Sattar  , Aniza maham  , Iqra Sadaf
Published: January 2025

Background: The immediate postpartum intrauterine contraceptive device (PPIUCD) offers an effective, reversible contraception method during the delivery process. Recognized for its strategic role in family planning, PPIUCD facilitates timely contraceptive intervention in both vaginal and cesarean deliveries.
Objective: This study aims to evaluate the differences in complication rates associated with PPIUCD following vaginal versus cesarean deliveries at Lady Willingdon Hospital, Lahore.
Methods: This prospective cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Unit 1 of Lady Willingdon Hospital, Lahore. Participants were categorized into two groups: Group A for those undergoing vaginal delivery and Group B for cesarean section. PPIUCD insertion was performed immediately post-delivery, with follow-up evaluations at 6 weeks and 6 months postpartum to assess for complications such as lower abdominal pain, irregular vaginal bleeding, vaginal discharge, missed threads, and device expulsion.
Results: At the 6-week follow-up, no complications were reported in either group. By 6 months, there were no significant differences between the groups in terms of lower abdominal pain (Group-A: 0% vs. Group-B: 6%, p-value=0.079), irregular vaginal bleeding (Group-A: 2% vs. Group-B:6%), and spontaneous expulsion (Group-A: 6% vs. Group-B:0%). Vaginal discharge was reported by 20% of Group-A and 10% of Group-B (p-value=0.161). Missed threads were noted in 6% of Group-A and none in Group-B (p-value=0.079).
Conclusion: The study indicates no significant difference in the complication rates of PPIUCD between vaginal and cesarean deliveries in the short term. Long-term follow-up showed slightly higher but non-significant rates of vaginal discharge, missed threads, and spontaneous expulsion in the vaginal delivery group compared to the cesarean section group.
Optimization of Pretreatment Technology for Produced Water in Gas Field
Authors:   Karamay Vocational and Technical College, Ma Zhirong , Zhu Shouli ,   Karamay Vocational and Technical College, Fu Junyi ,   Petroleum Xinjiang Oilfield Oil and Gas Storage and Transportation Branch
Published: January 2025

In view of the problems of low overall operation efficiency, serious corrosion of methanol recovery system and obvious sludge blockage in water injection pipeline, the pretreatment technology of produced water in gas field treatment plant has been optimized and improved. By prolonging the settling time of produced water in the unloading tank and raw water tank, the oil and water in the produced water are fully stratified, and an emulsifier is added when necessary to further separate the oil from the produced water. In winter, heat tracing is added to the pipe mixer or the outer wall of the reactor tank, or a heated pipe mixer is installed to properly heat the liquid, and the produced water is fully and evenly mixed with the medicament, giving full play to the medicament effect, preventing the flocs from precipitating too quickly, thus improving the settlement effect. The relevant process optimization and improvement measures are put forward to provide reference for the pretreatment process of produced water.
Survey on Image clustering : Techniques, Challenges, and Future Perspectives
Authors: Zhang Junqi , Li Feng , Wang Bingbing
Published: January 2025

Visual Data Analysis: Exploring the Significance, Hurdles, and Evolutionary Trajectory of Image clustering Techniques. In the realm of visual data analysis, Image clustering emerges as a potent instrument with the capacity to unveil the underlying architecture and motifs within datasets. Its utility spans across diverse domains, including social network examination, bioinformatics, and recommendation systems. This manuscript delves into the fundamentals and methodologies of Image clustering , encompassing classic spectral clustering, modularity maximization, and the cutting-edge application of deep learning in Imageneural network clustering. The document also scrutinizes the obstacles encountered in the practical application of Image clustering , such as the surge in data volume and intricacy, computational efficiency limitations, and the consistency of clustering outcomes. Looking ahead, the paper forecasts the evolutionary path of Image clustering technology, which includes algorithmic innovation, interdisciplinary amalgamation, and the broadening of its application scope, thereby offering robust solutions to intricate data analysis challenges. This comprehensive review serves as a valuable resource and catalyst for researchers and practitioners in the Image clustering domain, fostering the ongoing advancement and broader adoption of these techniques.
Análisis de los modos de solidificación en las zonas aledañas a la pileta de soldadura GTAW en un acero TRIP
Authors: Cruz Zapata Marco Daniel , Reyes Calderón Francisco , Alcantar Mondragon Nereyda
Published: January 2025

El presente trabajo de investigación realizo estudios sobre un acero TRIP, partiendo de una carga AISI 1018 con adiciones de ferromanganeso y ferrosilicio que posteriormente fue sometido a un tratamiento térmico de recocido intercritico, para la obtención de dicho AHSS, para después ser soldado y determinar el o los modos de solidificación presentes en dicho acero. La ruta del tratamiento térmico se fundamento en dos etapas 1) Recocido intercrítico y 2) Tratamiento bainítico isotérmico, para obtener la microestructura característica de estos aceros los cuales son ferrita, bainita, martensita y austenita retenida, en diferentes porcentajes. El proceso de soldadura que se empleo fue el proceso GTAW autógeno considerando como variables principales la velocidad de avance y voltaje, así como también el medio de enfriamiento para poder analizar la zona de interés (ZF). Para determinar los modos de solidificación fue necesario determinar el gradiente de temperatura (G) y la tasa de solidificación (R), para correlacionarlos y determinar dichas morfologías.
Estudio de la influencia paramétrica del modo de transferencia de metal de aporte RMD aplicado a manufactura aditiva por arco metálico (WAAM)
Authors: Granados Sánchez José Gerardo , Reyes Calderón Francisco , Alcantar Mondragón Nereyda
Published: January 2025

En el presente trabajo se ha llevado a cabo un diseño de experimentos (DoE) para evaluar la influencia paramétrica del modo de transferencia del metal de aportación RMD cuando se utiliza para la fabricación aditiva de metales por arco (WAAM) en acero al carbono. El objetivo de la parametrización es obtener las condiciones óptimas para la construcción de paredes mediante el proceso WAAM. Los parámetros del proceso WAAM (velocidad de avance, velocidad de deposición y longitud de arco) se determinaron mediante un diseño factorial completo de experimentos. La relación de aspecto, la velocidad de deposición y el ángulo de contacto se consideraron variables de respuesta en las construcciones de una sola capa. Para la construcción de paredes de 5 capas, se consideraron como variables de respuesta la tasa de deposición y la altura media. Posteriormente, mediante análisis estadístico se determinó que la tasa de deposición y la velocidad de avance del filamento son esenciales para la construcción de paredes. Además, el uso del modo de transferencia RMD es viable para la aplicación de WAAM debido a la mayor tasa de deposición en las capas construidas.
Trends in tuberculosis – is a different problem emerging?
Authors: Olambe Tejaswini , Shah Pooja , Pol Sae , Gaikwad Vaishali , Sujata Dharmshale  , Rajesh Karyakarte
Published: January 2025

Background: Tuberculosis (TB), as a communicable disease, is an ongoing global epidemic that accounts for a high burden of global mortality and morbidity. Drug-resistant TB strains are one of the hurdles in controlling TB problem. TB is the most common opportunistic infection in people living with human immunodeficiency viruses (PLHIV). To accelerate progress toward the goal of ending TB by 2035, it is imperative to outline the incidence and mortality trends of TB in India.
Aims and Objectives: This study aims to provide deep insights into the recent trends of TB incidence and mortality in India from 2018 to 2023.
Materials and Methods: This is a cross-sectional type of observational study done, over a period of 6 years from 2018 to 2023. It included 21,223 suspected samples tested for TB and rifampicin (rif) resistance with GeneXpert CBNAAT (cepheid) for infection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB).
Results: Out of total 21,223 samples tested, 17.97% of samples were positive for MTB. From the year 2018 to 2023, 9.5% decline was seen in overall TB cases. However, the diagnosis of rif resistance is in similar range for all the study years. New patients show slight decline, but previous patients show higher rif resistance. There is decreased TB incidence in PLHIV.
Conclusion: Overall, the incidence of TB has decreased in the past 6 years. The acquired drug resistance was seen in 32.6% cases. The study found an overall decrease in the incidence of TB in PLHIV.
Th1 and Th2 cytokine response of peripheral blood macrophages-lymphocyte co-culture on challenge with Bacillus Calmette-Guérin and Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37RV in different categories of tuberculosis patients
Authors: Surangana Saha  , Urmita Chakraborty  , Avranil Goswami  , Nishith Kumar Pal
Published: January 2025

Background: The quantitative analysis of Th1 and Th2 cytokines by in vitro challenged macrophages from tuberculosis (TB) patients of different clinical setting and healthy controls would enlighten our knowledge of macrophage efficiency at different ages and status of disease, facilitating new treatment feasibility by immunotherapy.
Aims and Objectives: The aim of the study was to study the pattern of release of interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), interleukin-4 (IL-4), and IL-10 by macrophages, from pulmonary TB cases compared to normal individuals, in in vitro culture, on the challenge with Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) and Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv.
Materials and Methods: Fifteen sputum smear-positive newly diagnosed TB and 15 relapsed TB cases fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria were recruited. Fifteen tuberculin skin test (TST) positive and 15 TST negative age- and sex-matched healthy volunteers were included as a control. Isolated macrophages were cultured and pretreated with BCG and H37Rv. After 24 h, the cell-free supernatant was collected and subjected to a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for IL-4, IL-10, and IFN-γ.
Results: It was found that monocytes behave differently toward the virulent and avirulent strains of Mycobacterium in IFN-γ production. Th1 cytokine response was found to be higher by BCG challenge followed by H37Rv among all the study groups. However, Th2 cytokine responses with IL-10 and IL-4 were found to be higher in the patients as compared to healthy controls.
Conclusion: Capacity to mount an inflammatory response determines the outcome of TB infection. Further study will enrich our knowledge in understanding the individual cell function and immunopathological mechanisms associated with the different clinical forms of TB.
A study on the functional outcome of closed reduction and K-wire fixation in the treatment of extra-articular distal radius fractures
Authors: Kaushik SB  , Jeevan Pereira  , Shenoy RM
Published: January 2025

Background: Fractures of the distal end of the radius are among the most common skeletal injuries with diverse treatment options. There is no clear consensus regarding the functional outcomes of the diverse treatment options.
Aims and Objectives: The aim of the study was to evaluate functional outcomes in distal radius fractures treated with closed reduction and K-wire fixation.
Materials and Methods: Fifty-seven patients (26 males and 31 females) with different types of distal radial fractures were treated. Closed reduction and K-wire fixation were performed under axillary block or general anesthesia. Functional outcomes were evaluated using the Mayo Wrist Scoring System.
Results: According to the Mayo score, 50.9% (n=29) of our patients had good outcomes, 36.8% (n=21) had fair outcomes, and 12.3% (n=7) had satisfactory outcomes.
Conclusions: Closed reduction and Kirschner wire fixation are inexpensive procedures that provide anatomical reduction, fracture fixation, and maintenance of reduction with an adequate method of immobilization.
Assessment of shock index and associated outcome in children with sepsis/septic shock at the tertiary care hospital
Authors: Gaigonglung Meiring  , Medo M Kuotsu  , Pinakini D Tollawala  , Duyu Nobing  , Avono Dominica Kulnu
Published: January 2025

Background: Shock index is the ratio of heart rate to the systolic blood pressure. The use of shock index for risk stratification or as an indicator of clinical improvement is helpful in early recognition of shock and optimizing treatment in sepsis and septic shock.
Aims and Objectives: The objective of the study was to assess the shock index and associated outcome in children with sepsis/septic shock at the tertiary care hospital.
Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 95 patients admitted with sepsis or septic shock to the pediatric intensive care unit and pediatric wards of a tertiary center in Surat. The study was done over a period of 2 years from January 2020 to December 2021. The study was carried out after obtaining ethical approval from the Human Research Ethics Committee, GMC Surat. Through-out the study privacy and confidentiality was maintained at all cost for each participant by coding of patients data.
Results: The mean age of the study population was 3.12±2.40 years, with age range from 1 month to 12 years. The gender distribution of the study population had 51.6% male and 48.4% female. On analysis of the shock index to the mortality of the patients at 0, 1, 2, 4, and 6 h after admission, the cutoff value of shock index at 1.6, 1.7, 1.7, 1.4, and 1.3 had a sensitivity of 89.4%, 84.8%, 78.8%, 82.3%, and 86.4%, with a specificity of 62.4%, 69%, 75.9%, 72.4%, and 75.9%, respectively. The cutoff values of the various age groups decrease as the ages of the patients increase. The overall survival rate in the study was 30.5% and mortality rate at 69.5%.
Conclusion: The study concluded that shock index can be used in emergency for triage of critically ill patients. Shock index and mortality were higher compared to other studies as majority of the study participants were referred cases and were in critical stages of shock on admission to the tertiary care center.
Ultrasound-guided phrenic sparing block in proximal humerus surgery – An observational study
Authors: Swati Lahiri  , Asim Kumar Kundu  , Manjushree Ray  , Rhituparna Bakshi
Published: January 2025

Background: Traditional interscalene brachial plexus block of C5 and C6 roots provides excellent anesthesia and analgesia for shoulder surgery and proximal humerus surgery, but frequently results in hemidiaphragmatic paresis. Superior trunk block (STB) along with local infiltration to supraclavicular nerve branches gives equal analgesic potency and distribution as interscalene brachial plexus block without affecting the phrenic nerve. The present study was carried out on 30 patients undergoing shoulder and proximal humerus surgery under STB of brachial plexus.
Aims and Objectives: This study was designed to evaluate the incidence of hemidiaphragmatic paralysis and minimum numerical rating scale (pain score) at rest in the post-anesthesia care unit, block duration, and patients’ satisfaction in patients receiving STB along with local infiltration to supraclavicular nerve branches.
Materials and Methods: Thirty patients undergoing shoulder and proximal humerus surgery between 18 and 80 years age group with the American Society of Anesthesiologists-Physical Status I-III of either sex were given ultrasound-guided STB (15 mL) along with a local infiltration (5 mL) superficial to scalenus medias muscle using 0.5% ropivacaine. Primary outcomes and secondary outcomes (patients’ satisfaction, block duration, and pain score) were recorded and analyzed by the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 26.
Results: Mean sensory block duration (hours) was 16.99±1.27 (95% confidence interval [16.51–17.47]). Incidence of hemidiaphragmatic palsy was minimum (3.3%). Post-operative analgesia was good as reflected by 28 (93.33%) patients having Visual Analog Scale score <3 at 24 h after completion of surgery. Patient satisfaction was also excellent (Likert scores 4 and 5 in 93.33% of patients).
Conclusion: STB along with local infiltration superficial to scalenus media’s muscle is associated with excellent intraoperative anesthesia and analgesia with minimal respiratory complication and remarkable patient satisfaction.
A study on the prevalence of scrub typhus among pediatric population in a rural tertiary care hospital in West Bengal
Authors: Anirban Bhaduri  , Sayani Bose  , Atindra Kumar
Published: January 2025

Background: Scrub typhus is a common rickettsial infection endemic in India and is an important cause of acute febrile illness among children. Clinical manifestations vary from mild-to-severe affecting almost all organ systems with a high fatality rate. To reduce morbidity and mortality, a high index of suspicion, timely diagnosis, and treatment are crucial. However, due to lack of awareness, low index of suspicion among clinicians, and non-specific clinical presentation which overlaps with other tropical endemic infections of India such as dengue, chikungunya, malaria, and leptospirosis, scrub typhus is often underdiagnosed in our country.
Aims and Objectives: (1) To find the prevalence of scrub typhus among children presenting with fever for the last 5 days, (2) To study their clinico-demographic profiles.
Materials and Methods: Blood collected from children aged 1 month to 12 years of age presenting with fever for the last 5 days were tested for scrub typhus immunoglobulin M enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Clinical characteristics and laboratory parameters of the patients were collected. The results obtained were analyzed and interpreted.
Results: Out of 865 pediatric patients presenting with fever, only 227 (26.24%) were positive for scrub typhus. Maximum cases (45.37%) were found in the age group >5–12 years. Fever was the presenting feature in all the cases. Other common presentations were hepatosplenomegaly, lymphadenopathy, pain abdomen, rash, and eschar.
Conclusion: Although scrub typhus is an easily treatable disease, timely diagnosis and treatment are needed to avoid complications which require a high degree of suspicion among clinicians along with a robust laboratory setup with adequate diagnostic facilities.