bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enhancement of Antibacterial Activity of Face Mask with Gold Nanoparticles
Authors: Khasro Farah sadiq , Shuker Mahmood Hanaa
Published: July 2022

The emergence of new dangerous diseases worldwide has led to the need to think about the possibility of enhancing prevention by using new technologies. One of the most important requirements emphasized in the recent studies is the effectiveness of the masks against pathogenic bacteria. In this study, the efficiency of anti-infection protective face masks against bacteria was enhanced by using gold nanoparticles prepared by the chemical precipitation method. The absorption spectrum of the prepared gold suspension shows a clear plasmonic peak at 522 nm. The measurements showed that the sample was made of polypropylene fibers, where X-ray diffraction tests showed peaks matching its crystalline structure. Immersion with gold suspension led to the emergence of peaks belonging to the composition of gold. The immersion treatment increased Young's modulus from 36.5 to 61.7 Mpa. The antibacterial assay showed the efficacy of the samples against E-Coli bacteria with an inhibition zone of 3 cm.
The New Complex Integral Transform "Complex Sadik Transform" and It's Applications
Authors: M. Turq Saed , A. Kuffi Emad
Published: July 2022

In this paper, we introduce a new complex integral transform namely ”Complex Sadik Transform”. Theproperties of this transformation are investigated. This complex integral transformation is used to reducethe core problem to a simple algebraic equation. The answer to this primary problem can than be obtainedby solving this algebraic equation and applying the inverse of complex Sadik transformation. Finally,the complex Sadik integral transformation is applied and used to find the solution of linear higher orderordinary differential equations. As well as, we present and discuss, some important real life problemssuch as: pharmacokinetics problem ,nuclear physics problem and Beams Probem
New strategy to control the rate of mathematics failure in secondary schools
Authors: Mohammed Alhaji Dauda  , Mohammed Sani Galadima  , Ibrahim Mohammed Dibal
Published: July 2022

This paper was set up to determine the causes of poor academic performance in mathematics at senior school certificate examination (SSCE). To achieve this, a case study was adopted which targeted three different secondary schools in Damaturu of Yobe state. Participants would be randomly chosen and only those learners doing ‘O’ leve mathematics. Teachers who teach mathematics at ‘O’ level will also be targeted. The information will be gathered through the use of questionnaire, documents analysis, interview and observations. Many researchers/authors showed that teaching methods, student’s negative attitude towards mathematics, lack of teaching experience by some teachers and lack of adequate resources are some of the causes of poor academic performance in mathematics at senior school certificate examination (SSCE). A number of recommendation would be made about the strategies of teaching mathematics and motivation of students to develop interest in mathematics.
ANALISIS POTENSI PENAMBAHAN SERAT BATANG PISANG SEBAGAI BAHAN PEMBUAT PLAFOND UNTUK MENUNJANG TATA RUANG INTERIOR
Authors: Soehartono Soehartono Soehartono , Sasmito Adi , Chasanah Ummi
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT Pembangunan di Indonesia yang semakin meningkat pesat, menyebabkan permintaan perumahan rakyat cukup tinggi. Hal tersebut juga berdampak pada peningkatan kebutuhan bahan-bahan pembuat rumah termasuk plafon. Plafon atau yang sering disebut langit-langit, merupakan komponan bangunan yang berfungsi sebagai lapisan yang membatasi tinggi suatu ruangan [7]. Selain itu, plafon juga berguna untuk keamanan, kenyamanan, serta keindahan sebuah ruangan. Kualitas dan mutu plafon ditentukan oleh material yang digunakan sebagai bahan baku dan bahan pengisi serta bahan tambahan yang digunakan seperti abu sekam padi dan bahan-bahan selulosa seperti serat sabut kelapa, gipsum dan semen.Pohon pisang adalah tanaman yang mudah didapat di Indonesia dan memiliki banyak manfaat. Namun, pohon pisang hanya berbuah sekali dan harus ditebang. Alhasil, batang pisang akan dibiarkan begitu saja dan membusuk [8]. Batang pisang atau pelepah pisang sampai sekarang belum dimanfaatkan secara maksimal untuk kebutuhan industri. Dari bahan- bahan tersebut dapat diolah menjadi barang industri dan bahan pengisi atau bahan tambahan untuk produk-produk yaitu untuk pembuatan plafon yang dapat membentuk produk yang bersifat komposit, sehingga dalam proses pembuatannya memerluhkan tekanan agar lebih menyatu dan dapat menghasilkan produk yang lebih padat. Diharapkan dengan penggunaan serat berbahan dasar batang pisang akan mampu menghasilkan plafon eternity yang ramah lingkungan.Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian mengenai penambahan serat batang pisang pada bahan baku pembuatan plafon eternit adalah untuk memperkuat kekuatan plafon gipsum dari sebelumnya. Batang pisang dapat dengan mudah ditemui di lingkungan sekitar sehingga cukup pantas untuk dimanfaatkan sebagai penambahan serat untuk plafon eternit. Teknologi pembuatan eternit atau plafon biasanya dibuat dari campuran semen dan gypsum serta serat-serat seperti rami, serat-serat pakaian bekas atau kertas sebagai pengganti asbes, bahan-bahan tersebut dicampur dalam perbandingan 25 bagian semen, 10 bagian gipsum atau mill dan 1 bagian serat. Lembaran-lembaran etrnit/plafon umumnya berukuran panjang 100 cm, lebar 100 cm dan tebal 0,4 cm. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah metode uji laboratorium dan pengumpulan literatur dari beberapa sumber. Dua metode yang sudah disebutkan tersebut diharapkan bisa memberikan data yang akurat dan teliti pada hasil penelitian yang dilakukan. Variabel penelitian adalah variasi perbandingan jumlah bahan penyusun plafon eternit dengan variasi 25:10:1, 25:10:3, dan 25:10:5.  Keywords : Plafon Eternit, Serat Alami, Batang pisang
PELATIHAN PENGGUNAAN APLIKASI ISPRING SUITE DAN SMART APPS SEBAGAI MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN DIGITAL BAGI GURU SD DI LHOKSEUMAWE PADA ERA NEW NORMAL
Authors: Sakdiah Halimatus , Lukman Isna Rezkia , Muliani Muliani
Published: July 2022

Penguasaan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi dalam dunia pendidikan digunakan untuk memperlancar proses belajar dan pembelajaran. Penguasaan TIK terintegrasi dengan penggunaan media digital pada proses pembelajaran sebagai wujud penguatan kemampuan literasi digital baik guru maupun peserta didik. Tujuan kegiatan pengabdian adalah memberikan pelatihan penggunaan aplikasi  iSpring Suite dan smart apps sebagai media pembelajaran digital bagi guru SD di Lhokseumawe pada era new normal. Metode pelaksanaan terdiri dari 4 tahap yaitu identifikasi permasalahan, pengolahan informasi dan penentuan pemecahan masalah, penyusunan materi pelatihan, kegiatan pelaksanaan. Peserta kegiatan adalah guru-guru SD yang berasal dari SDN 1 Muara Satu, SDN 2 Muara satu, SDN 3 Muara Satu, SDN 4 Muara Satu, SDN 5 Muara Satu, SDN 6 Muara Satu, SDN 7 Muara Satu dan SD Arun Muara satu. Kegiatan dilakukan 3 kali pertemuan, pertemuan pertama dilakukan pelatihan sedangkan pertemuan kedua dan ketiga dilakukan pendampingan. Hasil yang diperoleh dari kegiatan ini terjadi peningkatan dalam pemanfaatan TIK sebesar 15%, Pemanfaatan android sebesar 5%, mengenal aplikasi berbasis android sebesar 36%, kemampuan menyusun aplikasi pembelajaran berbasis android 59%, dan peningkatan dalam keinginan melaksanakan pembelajaran menggunakan media berbasis android sebesar 4%, dengan demikian terjadi peningkatan rata-rata keseluruhan sebesar 24%
PEMBERDAYAAN DESA SEHAT DENGAN PEMBINAAN RUMAH TANPA ASAP ROKOK DI DESA UTEUNKOT, KECAMATAN MUARA DUA, KOTA LHOKSEUMAWE
Authors: Maulina Nora , Sawitri Harvina
Published: July 2022

Merokok mempunyai  pengaruh yang sangat buruk terhadap kebiasaan individu, sifat perokok dapat menyebabkan kecanduan (adiktif) secara permanen yang berakibat menjadi sesuatu yang sangat sulit untuk dihilangkan. Kebiasaan merokok pada masyarakat Desa uteunkot masih sangat tinggi, ini dapat dilihat dari data kunjungan masyarakat pada fasilitas kesehatan dengan keluhan gangguan saluran pernafasan dan riwayat merokok dari anggota keluarga. Tujuan dilaksanakan pengabdian ini adalah guna mengurangi risiko penyakit saluran pernafasan yang diakibatkan oleh asap rokok baik pada perokok pasif maupun aktif terutama adalah keluarga dekat mereka yang terpapar tanpa diketahui dapat  menyebabkan angka kesakitan bagi anak,istri dan keluarga lainnya. Rumah tanpa asap rokok menjadi salah satu solusi bagi perokok aktif agar lebih memerhatikan kesehatan keluarga nya supaya tidak merokok didalam rumah. Sosialisasi bahaya merokok dilingkungan keluarga dengan penyuluhan pada masyarakat Desa uteunkot serta membagi brosur tentang bahaya merokok dan pembentukan kader dari anggota keluarga terdekat guna mengevaluasi tentang bahaya merokok bagi kesehatan. Hasil yang didapat dalam pengabdian ini adalah, pengetahuan masyarakat desa Uteunkot lebih baik terhadap bahaya paparan asap rokok dan terciptanya Rumah tanpa asap rokok dan melalui program pengabdian ini kesadaran dari perokok aktif semakin baik sehingga dapat menjaga anggota keluarga dari berbagai penyakit saluran pernafasan serta mengurangi kuantitas rokok yang dikonsumsi perhari nya serta melalui program pengadian ini, terbentuknya kader agar dapat mengevaluasi perokok aktif guna mendukung rumah tanpa asap rokok.
PELATIHAN OPTIMALISASI MICROSOFT OFFICE BAGI MAHASISWA TINGKAT AKHIR IAIN LHOKSEUMAWE
Authors: Saptari Mochamad Ari , Trisna Trisna
Published: July 2022

Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini ditujukan bagi mahasiswa tingkat akhir lintas jurusan, IAIN Lhokseumawe, untuk membantu mahasiswa dalam memahami fungsi dasar yang terdapat dalam perangkat lunak MS. Office, dengan efek untuk membantu mereka dalam proses penulisan tugas akhir. Dikerenakan sebagian besar diantara mereka hanya sedikit mengetahui fasilitas yang tersedia, oleh karenanya  agak menghambat proses penulisan tugas akhir mereka, maka demikian kedigatan ini diharapkan dapat memberikan pengetahuan secara maksimal tentang fasilitas–fasilitas tersebut. Sasaran pengabdian ini adalah pemahaman dasar yang memenuhi kebutuhan pada proses penyusunan skripsi. Metode yang dilakukan untuk mengatasi permasalahan mahasiswa tingkat akhir meliputi: survey pengetahuan dasar fasilitas yang ada pada MS. Office, pembuatan modul, pelaksanaan pelatihan, dan evaluasi kegiatan. Materi pelatihan meliputi pengantar MS. Office 2013, penjelasan singkat mengenai fasilitas yang dibutuhkan, format halaman, membuat daftar isi, daftar gambar, daftar tabel, penomoran judul, subjudul, pembuatan daftar pustaka, dan penomoran halaman. Luaran pengabdian ini adalah publikasi di jurnal nasional dan media berita online, video interaktif dan modul pelatihan. Secara keseluruhan kegiatan ini berdampak positif bagi, tidak hanya bagi mahasiswa tingkat akhir saja, tetapi juga bagi juniornya, ditandai dengan banyaknya peserta yang hadir
PENGUATAN KETERAMPILAN GURU DALAM MERANCANG E-MODUL PEMBELAJARAN PADA SEKOLAH MENENGAH KEJURUAN NEGERI 4 KOTA LHOKSEUMAWE
Authors: Siraj Siraj , Dabet Abubakar , Yusuf Muhammad , Safriwardy Ferri , Marwan Marwan , Marsithah Iis , Maulida Muhammad Hashemi
Published: July 2022

Proses belajar mengajar selama masa dan pasca pandemi Covid-19 telah berakibat pada menurunnya kemampuan siswa dalam memahami materi sehingga diperlukan sebuah media pembelajaran inovatif yang dapat membantu siswa untuk belajar secara mandiri.  Mitra dalam pengabdian pemberdayaan masyarakat ini adalah guru-guru SMK Negeri 4  Lhokseumawe. Permasalahan yang dihadapi mitra saat ini adalah: 1) belum semua media pembelajaran yang digunakan guru bersifat inovatif; 2) minat membaca siswa masih rendah; dan 3) belum meratanya keterampilan guru dalam menyusun atau mengembangan modul pembelajaran menjadi e-modul; dan 4) guru masih berfokus menggunakan modul ajar cetak yang telah tersedia di perpustakaan sekolah. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk memberikan penguatan keterampilan bagi guru dalam merancang dan mengembangkan  emodul pembelajaran. Pelatihan ini menggunakan pendekatan student centered learning dengan model project based learning. Hasil pengabdian ini menunjukkan bahwa guru mitra telah mampu menghasilkan produk berupa emodul pembelajaran dengan kategori layak digunakan sebagai media pembelajaran interaktif. Peningkatan keterampilan guru terlihat dari kemampuan menyusun dan mengembangan bahan ajar menjadi e-modul berbasis software 3d pageflip professional https://bit.ly/3h4CvVm dan telah digunakan dalam kegiatan belajar mengajar secara online.
EFFECT OFTHE COMPACTION PROCESS ON THE CONGLOMERATE STRUCTURE AT PRODUCTION OF CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS
Authors: MATSEVYCH I.M. , KOLOKHOV V.V. , MOSPAN V.I. , KROL' R.M. , TYMOSHENKO O.A.
Published: July 2022

Formulation of the problem.  The process of densification of mixtures of construction products that are being formed or molded is an important stage in the formation of a macrostructure, since during this period, granular and other components of the composite that fill it are relatively firmly fixed in a viscous medium. A large number of publications are devoted to the study of this issue, but many aspects of the effect of compaction on the structure of a conglomerate are not yet known, and the results obtained have not been systematized. Introduction. Preliminary compaction of the mixture reduces the fragmentation of particles, transferring bonds from point to interfacial along the contact boundaries. With the approach of particles to very small distances, repulsive forces arise and increase. Ultimately, the resultant force acts, which, at a certain optimal distance of particles from one another, provides the initial cohesion of the raw product. Fixation occurs both directly by adjoining the components, including with the possibility of intergrowth (for example, crystals), and through interlayers of a completely hardened or gradually hardening binder. In conglomerate materials, contact through interlayers at the compaction stage is more typical than direct contact or coalescence of particles under the influence of surface energy, chemical bonds, or other, including complex, factors. Objective. The aim of the work was to establish the features in the formation of the structure of the conglomerate from the preliminary compaction of the mixture, as well as its influence on the functional and technological characteristics. Methods. Solving the problem of the optimal structure of a conglomerate requires identifying the relationship between the type, concentration, composition of raw materials, the method of compaction and the resulting functional characteristics of the product. Results. Optimization of the structure while maintaining the level of desired properties corresponds to achieving the highest quality in a material or product. Technology by this criterion becomes progressive. To reduce the water penetration of cement concretes, it is necessary to provide optimal conditions for cement hydration and the creation of a dense conglomerate with a minimum number of pores. In connection with the relevance of creating building materials and products from materials of the construction environment (soil blocks) and reducing energy consumption during molding and pressing, it is necessary to continue the development of technologies and equipment designs to obtain the optimal conglomerate structure with minimal water penetration. Conclusion. Studies of the effect of compaction of raw materials on the structure of conglomerates are ongoing, but already these results indicate that the rate and form of conglomerate formation change significantly at optimal values of pre-compacted raw materials.
Peran Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi dalam Perlindungan Hak Asasi Manusia terkait Penyelenggaraan Pemilu
Authors: M. Gaffar Janedjri
Published: July 2022

Constitution, as the supreme law, is created to protect human rights. Constitution contains basic principles of state administration and citizens rights that have to be protected. In relation to the citizens political rights, election is related to Human Rigts matters. Election administration constitutes manifest acknowledgement of human rights in the life of the nation. Democratic election can be carrried out if there protection of human rights is guaranteed. One of the holders of judicial power that plays roles in providing human rigths protection through its decision is Constitutional Court (CC). The Court carries out the function as the guardian of the constitution, the final interpreter of the constitution. Besides, the Court also functions as the guardian of democracy, the protector of citizens’ constitutional rights and the protector of human rights. The function of the Court as the protector of human rights constitute consequence of the incorporation of Human Rights as the substance of the constitution. The endeavour of the Court to protect human rights can be perceived from some of its decisions either in the case of judicila review of laws or settlement of local election disputes which are, inter alia, restoration of the right to vote for the former members of Indonesian Communist Party, the right to vote for certain ex-prisoners, the granting of rights to be candidate for parties that do not have seat in the parliament, the right to be candidate for individual independent citizen in local election, protection of rights for incumbents, the right  to vote that is free from threat and terror, protection of the right to be candidate thta is free from the act of impediment and recognition of mechanisms that are recognized in customary law.
Politik Deliberatif dalam Musyawarah Perencanaan Pembangunan: Analisis Structures and Meanings Atas PP RI No. 28/2008
Authors: Muzaqqi Fahrul
Published: July 2022

The atmosphere of Indonesian democratic decentralization presents an interesting phenomenon about the strength of demand at the local level participation. Participation was on its way, legally enshrined in both the legal basis, namely PP RI No. 8 Year 2008 about stage, preparation procedures, control and evaluation of Regional Development Plan (in legal terminology known as Musrenbang). That's where the participation is so arranged that it gains the spirit of development planning in local areas level with the hope that it will combine top-down and bottom-up approaches. This study focuses on efforts to analyze the two legal basis from the perspective of theory and practice of deliberative democracy in which participation based on inter-subjective communication is at the heart of modern democratic state.In search of the analysis, the findings are somewhat surprising. Those are that in Musrenbang, the nuance was still top-down so that they are not worthy to be equated with the theory and practice of deliberative democracy. That top-down shade includes the initial planning, control and evaluation of which are still very elitist. In terms of the arrangement of initial planning for development either RPJPD, RPJMD or RKPD is conducted by the Regional Development Planning Agency. In terms of control, officials from the home affairs ministry level to regent/mayor including Bappeda are involved. In all the stages, the people are involved but only to give input. While in the case of the evaluation, the greatest authority remains in the hands of the relevant authorities at every level of government. People have the chance to evaluate only as far as they have accurate information. In other words, people will find it hard to participate and evaluate the planning that has been done since the standard of accuracy of the information is still determined by the government.As a result, using the structures and meanings analysis, this thesis research confirms that the standards of deliberative democracy need to thrust into the legal basis governing participation in development planning so that decisions resulting in better planning could reflect the aspirations of the people. However, democracy is essentially regierung der regierten (rule of those who governed).
Sikap Kritis Negara Berkembang terhadap Hukum Internasional
Authors: M. Gaffar Janedjri
Published: July 2022

International law is a political instrument of developed states to intervene developing states. Law can function for numerous interests such as, inter alia, a political instrument. Intervention of developed countries to developing states can happen in two ways which both ways cannot be regarded as violation of international law. The involvement of a state in an international agreement denotes that the country intentionally burdens itself to carry out obligation that has been agreed upon as stated in the agreement. One of the obligations is to transform the contents of the agreement to its national law. The involvement of developing countries in international law is an intention to create breakthrough to face competition with developed states. With the existence of WTO, developing states can defend their rights which are violated and can force developed states to negotiate. The availability of legal remedy provide strength to developing states to force developed states in particular cases.
Pemekaran Wilayah dan Otonomi Daerah Pasca Reformasi di Indonesia: Konsep, Fakta Empiris dan Rekomendasi ke Depan
Authors: Muqoyyidin Andik Wahyun
Published: July 2022

Basically, the regional expansion is a form of regional autonomy and is one of the things that need to be considered because of the presence of regional expansion is expected to further maximize equitable regional development and regional development. In the spirit of regional autonomy was also the emerging paradigm of regional expansion to speed up the implementation of development, ease of public service to the community, as well as the acceleration of social welfare. In the reform era, the space for the area for the proposed establishment of a New Autonomous Region opened wide by the regional expansion policy based on Law no. 22, 1999. With such a policy, the policy of regional expansion is now more dominated by the political process rather than technocratic  process.
Kedudukan Istri dalam Pembagian Harta Bersama Akibat Putusnya Perkawinan Karena Perceraian Terkait Kerahasiaan Bank
Authors: Wijayanti Winda
Published: July 2022

Marriage is something sacred, must be respected, the eternality of which must be protected and conducted jointly between a man and a woman as husband and wife so as to achieve a common goal. However, in reality, lots of marriages end   with divorce and is considered as the best way for both partners. When a divorce occurs women is always in a weak position including in the divison of marital property if one party does not have a good faith. Bank as the depository institution maintains the confidentiality of depositors and their deposit which is on the one hand beneficial for depositors since information related to depositors and their deposit can be kept confidential, but on the other hand, it is disadvantageous to interested parties that is a wife who does not know the amount of funds deposited  in her husband’s name in a bank which is a marital property of husband and wife acquired during their marriage. Thus, the wife’s constitutional rights to protection of property under his control and property rights in accordance with Article 28G paragraph (1) and Article 28H Paragraph (4) of the 1945 Constitution is not protected. The Constitutional Court as the guardian of the constitution has the authority to examine, try and decide the case of judicial review of Law No. 1 of  1974 on Marriage (Marriage Act) and declare the law conditionally constitutional in the case of bank confidentiality regarding information related to depositors and their deposit to the interests of justice in a civil case concerning the division of maritall property due to  divorce.
Corporate Social Responsibility: A Constitutional Perspective
Authors: Ali Safa’at Muchamad
Published: July 2022

Originally, the concept of CSR was come from business ethic values that impose corporation’s ethical responsibly to their social and natural environment. That development of ethical business was part of social consciousness on the degradation of environment as impact of corporation activities. This reality also raised the deep environmental ethic or deep ecology which challenge anthropocentrism economical development and urged ecocentrism development. In Indonesia, this phenomenon was marked by the enactment of Act 4/1982 on Environmental Management.The constitutional debate on CSR just began when the Indonesian Constitutional Court heard and decided the judicial review case of Act 40/2007 on Limited Liability Company which stipulate CSR mandatory law for corporation that have activity in natural resources areas. In its decision, Constitutional Court refused the petition. This means that the court affirmed that CSR mandatory law is not contrary to the Constitution. However, the legal argumentation of the court was not shifted from economical and environmental perspectives. The constitutional basis of the decision is Article 33 (4) concerning national economic principles and Article 33 (3) concerning state power on land, water, and natural resources. The Constitutional Court did not use the human rights concept as the source of CSR mandatory law.In constitutional law perspective, we can justify the CSR mandatory law from human rights guarantee on the constitution. CSR is one of the obligations to respect, to protect, to fulfill, and to promote human rights. Those obligations are not only bind over the government, but also corporation and all citizens. In that perspective, CSR should be mandatory law not only for the corporation which manage or correlate with natural resource, but for all corporations that operate in the middle of the society.
Konstruksi Pertentangan Norma Hukum dalam Skema Pengujian Undang-Undang
Authors: Lailam Tanto
Published: July 2022

The study elaborated on the construction of “conflict of legal norms” in constitutional review scheme. There are eleven problems as result of this study, which include: The ideology of the state “Pancasila” as a standard review of “conflict of legal norms” act against 1945 constitution; Constitutional court has a review of act passed before and after 1945 Constitution amendment with standard of 1945 constitution; 1945 constitution is “the living constitution” for the enforcing of law and justice; Constitutional court has authority to review of act against 1945 constitution by vertical and horizontal perspective; enforceability aspect of constitutional review is a part of material review, not formal review; the meaning of “conflict of legal norms” must be comprehend elaborated in the decisions to enforcing of law and justice; Constitutional Court does not used priority of the original intent interpretation and remained unfulfilled of other model interpretation if original intent interpretation caused ineffectiveness of constitution; non constitution be permitted for the formal review, but in material review is not implement; “nemo judex idoneus in propria causa” of procedural law principle can remained unfulfilled by “ius curia novit” principle to promote of the 1945 constitution; the formal review of “conflict of legal norms” can remained unfulfilled by utility principle to priority of legal substance; the retroactive decision caused legal  uncertainly.
Pengakuan Hak Konstitusional Pengelolaan Sumber Daya Industri Ekstraktif dalam Mewujudkan Kesejahteraan Rakyat
Authors: Husna TR Cut Asmaul
Published: July 2022

Resource management, extractive industries have a significant role to state revenues. Extractive industries sector in Indonesia is a very closed industry sectors primarily on revenues derived from state income Cooperation Contract (KKS). Resource management paradigm for the extractive industries exploited only to pursue exchange of reliance State Budget (Budget) by denying the maximum prosperity for  the people. Globalization can not be avoided has affected the existence of Law No. 22 of 2001 on Oil and Gas value-laden liberal-capitalistic. Consequently, there has been a paradigm shift in both the PSC and the people of the country to the tyranny of capital resulted in the country and people can not renegotiate the contract. Therefore, reform of the legal arrangements in the extractive industries absolutely must be done in order to realize the people’s welfare. Urgency juridical formation of the Draft Law on Amendments of Law No. 22 of 2001, based on the decision of the Constitutional Court Case No. 002/PUU-I/2003 and Decision No. 36/PUU-X/2012. Just and prosperous society, as a goal, requires the struggle to create the basics, which is referred  to as the national interests of the Indonesian people. All efforts and actions to ensure the implementation of state remains fixed on the terminus ad quem, just and prosperous  society.
Hak Menolak Wajib Militer: Catatan atas RUU Komponen Cadangan Pertahanan Negara
Authors: Simamora Robby
Published: July 2022

The military service agenda proposed Components of the National Defense Bill sows controversy. The absence of protection of citizens who exercised their right of conscientious objection to military service could potentially lead to violations of human rights if the military service must be implemented as it happens in other countries. Guarantee the protection of conscientious objection as part of the civil and political rights is a necessity if the government want to impose military service, considering Indonesia had acknowledged the existence of conscientious objector in the history of its military service policy.
Urgensi Legislasi Pelaksanaan mandat UUD 1945 Mengantisipasi ASEAN Economic Community 2015
Authors: Arundhati Gautama Budi , Martua Samosir Samuel Saut , Chandra Ratih Listyana
Published: July 2022

Societal welfare is the achievement that should be supported by Government which essentialy has the obligation for the societal welfare through the arrangements within the scope of authority under the mandate of the preamble and articles of   the Indonesian Constitution of 1945 and relevant laws. The mandate of ASEAN Charter, which was ratified by House of Representative by Law Number 38 of 2008 concerning Ratification of the Charter of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations, is not an opponent of the Constitution of 1945 in terms of societal welfare, as long  as the legislation is implemented on the right way, which can protect Indonesian. The legislative action must reflect the needs and the factual conditions of Indonesian. Regulation relating to the implementation of the ASEAN Charter should always be accompanied by exemption or exception to the path of liberation from the regional competition law which is a logical consequence of the free market of ASEAN in some fields.
Peran Mahkamah Konstitusi dalam Penguatan Hak Asasi Manusia Di Indonesia
Authors: Isra Saldi
Published: July 2022

The presence of articles on human rights in 1945 affirmed that Indonesia respect of human rights. In order to provide protection and guarantee of human rights, the 1945 Constitution authorizes judicial review to the Constitutional Court. Some  of the verdict of the Court could be used as evidence that the Court conducted to protect and promote human rights. Constitutional Court not only act as guardian of the constitution institutions, but also as the guardian of human rights. Through its judicial review authority, the Constitutional Court appeared as law enforcement agencies that oversee the passage of state power in order not to violate of human rights.
Menggagas Pemilihan Presiden yang Demokratis dan Aspiratif
Authors: Rauta Umbu
Published: July 2022

Since the 2004, election of the president and vice president made directly by the people. Normatively, Indonesia has been striving for election of the president and vice president are more democratic, as reflected through the freedom and the involvement of a political party or coalition of political parties contesting the election to carry the presidential and vice presidential candidates meet all the requirements specified in the legislation. However, in practice the presidential election in 2004  and 2009, found several problems. This paper is intended to identify a number of election issues, once initiated the implementation of a formula for the realization of a more democratic election and aspirative.
Kewenangan Mahkamah Konstitusi dalam Pemakzulan Presiden dan/atau Wakil Presiden di Indonesia
Authors: Sutiyoso Bambang
Published: July 2022

The idea of impeachment (pemakzulan) towards the incumbent president of Indonesia surfaces recently. This could be the cause of two main grounds. First, regarding the ongoing investigation process of the Century Bank case. In the beginning, the presumption charges merely towards the monetary policy officials and the concerning president’s assistants, but during the further investigations, a number of political parties, in not so vigorously manner pointed the charges to the incumbent presidents because of the indication of responsibility toward the bailout process of Century Bank. Second, the idea of presidential impeachment   got its nudge when the Constitutional Court also declaring that its components are ready in processing the impeachment petition, after it has surfaced the Constitutional Court Rule (Peraturan Mahkamah Konstitusi) No. 21/PMK/2009 on the Guidelines in Judicial Procedures in Hearing the Parliamentary Petition in Violation Charges Towards  President of   the Republic and/or Vice President of the Republic. Third, Presidential and / or Vice Presidential Impeachments has already been occurred in the history of Indonesian nation, namely towards past Indonesian Presidents such as Sukarno, Suharto and KH. Abdurrahman   Wahid.This writing attempts to discuss issues regarding presidential impeachment in Indonesia, such as the power of the Constitutional  Court in impeachment process, the legal grounds of impeachments, reasons for impeachments and the procedural mechanism of impeachment. Constitutionally, the procedures and mechanism of presidential and / or vice presidential impeachment has been  regulated  comprehensively  in the Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia, specifically in Article 7 B, Article 24 (2), and Article 24 C of the 1945 Constitution after the  Third Amendment. Based on these regulations, impeachment is not a simple process, but requires a long process and involving a number of  high state institutions, namely People’s Representative Council (DPR), The Constitutional Court, and People Consultative  Assembly  (MPR). The involvement of the Constitutional Court in the impeachment process can be related toward historical experiences and as a logical consequence  of the constitutional transformation of Indonesia. Beside that, the idea of presidential and / or vice presidential impeachment should not be based merely on political motivation, but should also have the reasonable legal grounds and rationale.
“Benturan Asas Nemo Judex Idoneus In Propria Causa dan Asas Ius Curia Novit” (Telaah Yuridis Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 005/ Puu-Iv/2006)
Authors: Maladi Yanis
Published: July 2022

Constitutional court as the guardian and the interpreter of the constitution has been providing solutions to address the constitutionality issues raised by the justices, the constitutional court in this case has done a comprehensive interpretation of the relevance of procedural law Nemo judex idoneus in propria causa in this case, which in the end use of the principle of constitutional court to answer Nemo in propria causa judex idoneus irrelevant to provide clarity of the constitutional issues raised.
Konflik Hukum Antara Ketentuan Hukum Pidana Islam dan Hak-Hak Sipil? (Telaah Konsep HAM dan Implementasi Ratifikasi ICCPR dan CAT di Indonesia)
Authors: Alfitri Alfitri
Published: July 2022

Can death penalty or corporal punishment be imposed by a state since it is required by the Shariah, but, at the same time, it is against state’s obligation to guarantee civil rights as documented in such international human right laws as ICCPR and CAT? This article is to analyse the so called conflict of law between the requirements of Islamic criminal law and civil rights in Indonesia with particular reference to its implementation  in Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam province. There are growing demands of some Muslims to the implementation of hudud in Indonesia and several Qanun Provinsi Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam have been enacted too. According to the proponent of such implementation, this depicts that the state respects its citizens’ belief and culture which is guaranted under the aegis of the right to self determination. However, Indonesia has ratified some international human right laws which require the state to respect  the right to life and prohibit torture and cruel, inhuman or degrading punishment. How should the state react? this article argues that an alternative approach which is able to bridge prolonged polemic between universalims and cultural relativisms with regards to the validity of international human rights norms when being implemented to different legal cultures is very much needed. This is important in order to reduce resistence against international human right laws which are important to safeguard civil rights especially when the criminal justice system of a country has not fulfilled the due process of law.
Pembatalan UU BHP dan Pendidikan Berbasis Humanistik
Authors: Wahid Abdul
Published: July 2022

Mahkamah Konstitusi (MK) has postponed the Constitution (UU) Number 9 Year 2009 dealing with Educational Law Institutions (BHP) since it is evaluated violating UUD 1945. MK evaluates that this UU BHP is against the UUD 1945 so that any expectations from the people expect it should be brought on. UU BHP inspite of uniforming the form  of educational law institutions so that it ignores the form of any other   law intituions such as private organization, waqaf, and so forth, also gives the justification to the commercialism practices and education capitalism, which dangerously cause the threatened human rights of poor people in gaining proper education or  humanity.
Nilai-Nilai Filosofi Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Yang Final dan Mengikat
Authors: Faqih Mariyadi
Published: July 2022

Kehadiran Mahkamah Konstitusi dalam struktur ketatanegaran Indonesia merupakan kemajuan besar, tidak saja bagi pembangunan hukum melainkan juga bagi perkembangan demokrasi Indonesia. Kehadiran Mahkamah Konstitusi segenap wewenang dan kewajibannya, dinilai telah merobahkan doktrin supremasi parlemen (parliamentary supremacy) dan menggantikankan dengan ajaran supremasi konstitusi...
Kewenangan Mahkamah Konstitusi Mengadili Perselisihan Hasil Pemilukada
Authors: Sudrajat Hendra
Published: July 2022

This letters have a purpose to know and analyze authority basic of Constitution Lawcourt of Republic of Indonesia to judging the dispute from the results of district leader and district proxy leader election, and then transferring background about the authority to judging the dispute from the Results of District Leader and District Proxy Leader Election from Appellate Court to Constitution Lawcourt of Republic of Indonesia. So, to analyze basic of Constitution Lawcourt consideration that dispute objects of results of district leader and district proxy leader election don’t have the quantitative character only based on calculation voice results,  but the qualitative character too, namely breaking the rules to general election principles, with the character likes ahead, general, free, secret, then downright and fairly that’s to influence the results of district leader and district proxy leader election. Analyze the election law is used by Constitution Lawcourt of Republic of Indonesia to judging the dispute in Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia No 24 Tahun 2003 about Constitution Lawcourt of Republic of Indonesia or Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia No 12 Tahun 2008 about Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia No 32 Tahun 2008 about District Governance, do not regulate punish the dispute event of district leader and district proxy leader election results.Result of letters indicate that massive and sistematic breaking is apart of the dispute from the results of district leader and district proxy leader election become legal consideration to sufficient the sense  of  public justice progressively cause from quantitative breaking aspect after candidate of district leader and district proxy leader has  been  elected based on recapitulation and calculation voice where their quantitative   just with assessed breaking collision towards procedural and substantive justice both as siniquanom. Though attempt to accommodate overall of democracy aspects from sections and process district leader and district proxy leader election must be main essential to determine and set the results of recapitulation and calculation voice in district leader and district proxy leader election.As letters recommendation, needed regulation product ownself to regulate about mechanism of district leader and district proxy leader election where has been regulated in Undang-Undang Pemerintahan Daerah for all this time, so that affirmation that the district leader and district proxy leader election into the general election  become  less  be clear. By conducting the ownself regulation, hence mechanism of district leader and district proxy leader election will be more clear, especially to overcome and solution the dispute from the results of district leader and district proxy leader  election.
Menimbang Gagasan Negara Hukum (Deliberatif) di Indonesia*
Authors: Muzaqqi Fahrul
Published: July 2022

In these recent years the idea of deliberative democracy appears as an alternative idea in the middle of discourse of democracy’s contest and configuration. Through its critics which are submitted into two dominant democratic traditions (also seeking to synthesize them), viz republicanism and liberal democracy, deliberative democracy makes serious efforts to pass theoretical tensions of those two democratic traditions over by formulating a communicative participation theory in an autonomous public sphere which whom is inclusive (multi-actors), free from pressures, discrimination and manipulation.Yet, the idea of deliberative democracy self if it is observed from many deliberation literatures and practices which are studied and implemented in many countries, it has at least two variants that are mutually exclusive. First, variant of impartialism which emphasize on normative principles including the attitude and action to be inclusive, autonomous (non-partisan) and holding on the argumentation which whom considers multi-perspectives and multi-actors in taking a decision or public policy. Inter-subjectivity of an opinion was emphasized very much relating to goodness and rightness of a decision. Second, the impartialism’s critics that realizes to the real of politics and criticizes the model of impartiality that is regarded as too utopian and idealistic in applying deliberation. Principles of reciprocity, continuity, inclusivity and heterogeneity of deliberation are taken as substitute of inter-subjectivity principle in impartiality model.This paper makes a try to investigate the origin of deliberative democracy idea in modern democratic tradition. Furthermore it analyzes development of two variants of deliberative democracy idea. Finally, it endeavors to contextualize the history of Indonesian idea of democracy especially in the idea of consensus discussion (musyawarah mufakat) which is the heart of Indonesian democracy. Of course this paper uses  more historical approach to explore them   all.
Pengaturan Pemberhentian Presiden dalam Masa Jabatan Menurut UUD 1945 (Studi Komparatif Sebelum dan Sesudah Perubahan)
Authors: Syawawi Reza
Published: July 2022

In terms of the constitutional basis, the impeachment of the President in his tenure has been set substantially on the third amandement 1945 (2001) which was ratified on November 9, 2001. The process of the president impeachment is no longer entirely left to the political mechanism, but based on legal mechanisms as provided in Article 7a and 7b the 1945 constitution. Besides relating to the violated of law, the impeachment of  the President in his tenure is also possible if the president is no longer qualify as a president as stated in Article 6 of the 1945 constitution.
Penetapan Anggota Panwaslu oleh Bawaslu: Analisis Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 11/Puu-Viii/2010
Authors: Eddyono Luthfi Widagdo
Published: July 2022

The Constitutional Court of Indonesia in Decision Number 11/PUU- VIII/2010 stated that the provisions regarding the recruitment of members of the Supervisory Committee for the Election must be nominated by the Provincial/District General Elections Commission is contrary to Article 22E Paragraph (1) and paragraph (5), and Article 28D Paragraphs (1) of the 1945 Constitution. Therefore, to ensure a fair legal certainty and avoid disruption of the elections, the nomination and appointment of members of Supervisory Committee for the Election is conducted by one institution, namely the General Elections Supervisory Body (Bawaslu) or Supervisory Committee for the Election. The decision contains two legal meanings. First, the view that the principle of checks and balances are not only connected with separation of power at the legislative branch, executive branch, and judiciary branch, but also the relationship between “supervisors and the supervised” that based on the proportional rationality inter-state relations. Second, the case number 11/PUU-VIII /2010 actually contain elements of the dispute between the two state institutions, namely the General Elections Commission and Bawaslu because not only related to the interpretation of norms, but also the fate of members of 192 Supervisory Committee Election that not recognized and approved by the General Elections Commission. The problem handled by Constitutional Court using judicial review case against the 1945 Constitution.
Konstitusionalisme dan Hak Asasi Manusia
Authors: Marzuki Laica
Published: July 2022

The Constitution is not the main topic. The Constitution itself does not bound with the constitutionalism. The Constitution must not be the Constitutionalism. Although the concept of constitutionalism derived of the Constitution, and its development even encourage the existence of constitutional state, the essence of constitutionalism are the the power limitation of the state. The Constitutionalism build a limited State, in order to the application of state and government are not arbitrary and is clearly expressed and regulated in the articles of the Constitution.
Tafsir Konstitusionalitas terhadap Batas Usia Pemidanaan Anak
Authors: Christianto Hwian
Published: July 2022

Child’s age limit acts is an absolute requirement which shall be notified in order to avoid him or her to be a victim. Acts No. 3, 1997 about     Court of Children  states  that 8 (eight) years old as the limit and it can   be proposed to. Of course this statement brings consequence to children growth’s rights and it is considered as a threat that he/she shall experience an hard law-process. On another hand, the decision of Supreme Court No. 1/PUU-VII/2010 answers this problem, by pulling up the application and deciding 12 years old as a new limit for the accused child. The regulation definitely brings a big change into child’s criminal law concept in Acts No. 3, 1997. The objection of law’s  application as limitation for a child    in the court also said by the applicant and considered as legality and human right trafficking.