bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Our Mother. To mark the centenary of the birth of Gulsyuma Khusyainovna Nuraeva (Urusova) (July 15, 1920 – October 14, 2008)
Authors: Tikhonova E.P. , Sablina S.A.
Published: March 2019

This article is dedicated to the oldest member of Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences and her biography. She devoted her life to the service of science and preservation of collection of osteology department in theriology laboratory. With her own hands she boiled, cleaned and prepared countless exhibit items for storing, expert examination and displaying in the museum. Skillfully reuniting bone fragments found by paleontologists, she assembled numerous skeletal elements and even whole skulls of fossil animals. She was making plaster models from the most precious pieces, so they could be used as emergency copies or sent to the scientists from other institutes and museums in different cities and countries. Many researchers based their scientific articles and monographs on the samples made by G.Kh. Nuraeva. In March 1971 together with the members of the Laboratory of mammals she took part in preparations for the First conference on mammoths and mammoth fauna and in organizing of the exhibition. She also helped in ciphering, packaging and shipping the exhibits for the International hunting exhibit in Budapest (Hungary) in Autumn 1971 and preparing exhibits for “World of a mammoth” exhibition in Japan in 1981 and 1987. She restored a skull and the horns of an Irish elk Megaloceros giganteus, a skeleton of a southern mammoth Archidiscodon meridionalis, the skulls of fossilized bears Ursus deningeri, Ursus spelaeus kudarensis, elements of a skeleton of hoofed animals such as wild ox Bos primigenius and Stenon zebra Equus stenonis, not counting others valuable parts. She took a big part in writing a monograph «Baby mammoths Mammuthus primigenius». G.Kh. Nuraeva was a hard-working person and loved her job. Thanks to that she made an invaluable contribution to increasing of the Zoological Institute collection. Everyone who got to work beside her noted her nimble fingers and her big heart. We will always remember her with fondness and gratitude.
Acetic acid application as an activating reagent in the intensive cyanidation of gravity concentrates
Authors:   The Branch of the RSE «NC CPMS RK» State Scientific-Industrial Association of Industrial Ecology ", Surimbayev B. ,   Kazmekhanobr", Bolotova L. ,   The Branch of the RSE «NC CPMS RK» State Scientific-Industrial Association of Industrial Ecology "Kazmekhanobr", Baikonurova A. ,   Satbayev University, Shalgymbayev S. ,   The Branch of the RSE «NC CPMS RK» State Scientific-Industrial Association of Industrial Ecology "Kazmekhanobr"
Published: March 2019

The well-known technology of intensive cyanide leaching of gravity concentrates, which allows to bring part of gold into commercial products with obtaining high-purity Dore alloy, requires the use of expensive reagents and high temperature (80 °С) leaching. Studies have been carried out on intensive leaching of gold-containing gravity concentrate in a drum-type apparatus at low concentrations of sodium cyanide with the addition of a new reagent-activator. It is proposed to conduct intensive cyanidation of enriched gravity concentrate using acetic acid as an effective activator reagent. Improving the efficiency of cyanide leaching by introducing activators into the reagent system is achieved by dissolving passivating films on the surface of gold grains. Studies on the intensive leaching of gold in the enlarged laboratory tests. The results of the large-scale laboratory tests on the intensive cyanide leaching of the gravity concentrate using acetic acid as an activating agent activator were fully confirmed by the data of laboratory studies.
Place de l’échographie clinique en médecine d’urgence
Authors: Bobbia X. , Claret P.-G. , Perrin-Bayard R. , de La Coussaye J.-E.
Published: March 2019

L’échographie clinique en médecine d’urgence (ECMU) devient une pratique intégrée à l’exercice de la spécialité. Quatre étapes semblent nécessaires au déploiement de cet outil : l’existence de preuves scientifiques sur sa pertinence clinique, l’implantation d’échographes dans les structures d’urgences (SU), la formation des médecins et l’objectivation d’un impact secondaire à son utilisation. Les preuves sur la pertinence diagnostique des techniques utilisées datent des années 1990 pour la majorité des applications utilisées aujourd’hui. La disponibilité d’un échographe adapté est également nécessaire. Si la majorité des SU disposent aujourd’hui d’un échographe, selon les recommandations françaises, toutes le devraient. Des échographes de mieux en mieux adaptés à la pratique de l’ECMU arrivent sur le marché. L’objectif doit être de permettre des examens rapides et fiables. Pour cela, une ergonomie épurée et l’implication de techniques d’intelligence artificielle semblent être l’avenir. Les médecins doivent également être formés. En France, l’utilisation de l’ECMU va se généraliser grâce à la formation de tous les nouveaux internes de médecine d’urgence. Cependant, beaucoup d’urgentistes exerçant actuellement doivent encore être formés. Pour répondre à cette demande, de nombreuses formations sont aujourd’hui accessibles. Enfin, peu de données sur l’impact clinique secondaire à l’utilisation de cet outil dans les SU sont disponibles. Après avoir défini l’ECMU, l’objectif de ce texte est d’expliquer la place de l’échographie clinique dans la spécialité de médecine d’urgence. Des perspectives d’évolution de l’ECMU sont également proposées.
The Far Eastern Railway in the 1930s
Authors: Gnatovskaya Elena , Kim Alexander
Published: March 2019

This article evaluates the relationship among the railroad
staff of the Far East during the most dramatic events in the political
life of the country at that time—repressions. As a rule, Russian academic
literature indicates that few workers perceived the Soviet
state’s mechanisms of pressure negatively. This article demonstrates
that the railroad staff’s position was far more diverse than traditionally
argued, which is a result of the broad variety of social groups
working for the railroad in the Far East. The article demonstrates
this diversity of opinions by focusing on those events that affected a
significant number of railroad workers.
The Baikal-Amur Mainline
Authors: Povoroznyuk Olga
Published: March 2019

The Baikal-Amur Mainline (BAM), a railroad in East Siberia
and the Russian Far East, became the last large Soviet industrial project.
Its construction in the 1970s and 1980s attracted migrants from
across the USSR, who formed the bamovtsy, or group of BAM builders.
They share a history of working and living along the BAM and
constitute the majority population in the region. The article argues
that emotionally charged social memory of the BAM construction
plays the central role in reproducing and reinforcing the bamovtsy
identity in the post-Soviet period. Drawing on in-depth interviews
and focus groups, the article examines the dynamics of both individual
and collective remembering of the socialist BAM. It forms a
vibrant discursive and emotional field, in which memories and identities
are reconstructed, relived, and contested. Commemorative ceremonies
such as the fortieth anniversary of the BAM serve as forums
of public remembering and arenas for the politics of emotions.
OYUNCULUK EĞİTİMİNDE ZEYBEK DANSLARI KAYNAKLI BEDEN FARKINDALIĞI YARATMA YÖNTEMİ ÖNERİSİ
Authors: ERKAN Sema
Published: March 2019

Tiyatro ve dans, sahne sanatı olarak iç içe etkileşimli bir gelişim ve değişim süreci

geçirmiş, iki sanat dalının da temel amacı seyirci ile iletişim kurmak olmuştur. Bu

iletişimin gerçekleşmesini sağlayan en güçlü anlatım aracı da sanatçının bedenidir.

Duygu ve düşüncelerin sanatsal ifadeye dönüşmesine olanak sağlayan sanatçı

bedeninin, bilinçli kullanımı ancak eğitimle mümkündür. Sahne üzerinde günlük

yaşamdan farklı bir anlatım diline sahip olan bedenin, anlatım sınırlarını

geliştirebilmek için her iki sanat dalının da farklı çalışma alanlarından yararlanması

gerekmektedir. Oyunculuk eğitiminde beden dili ve dans tekniklerinin

kullanılmasının gerekli olduğu önermesiyle hareket eden bu çalışma, oyuncuların

bedensel anlatım olanaklarını geliştirmesine yardımcı olacak, beden farkındalığı

yaratarak, hareketin kültürel kodlarının beden yoluyla aktarımını sağlayacak, zeybek

dansları kaynaklı bir yöntem önerisi sunmayı hedeflemektedir. Yöntem önerisi,

bedene ve harekete dayalı oyunculuk yöntemlerinin çıkış noktasını merkez alarak,

hareketin barındırdığı özelliklerin vücuda aktarımı sürecine odaklanmaktadır. Her

geçen gün yeni ve farklı anlatım arayışı içinde olan oyuncular için önerilen bu

yöntem, zeybek türündeki dansların yapısal analizi ve egzersiz aşamalarını

kapsayan bir uygulama önerisi sunmaktadır. 
BİR BESTECİ ÜÇ KENT: TANBURİ ALİ EFENDİ
Authors: Tutu Sıtkı Bahadır
Published: March 2019

Türk sanat müziği geleneğinin tanınmış bestecilerinden Tanburi Ali Efendi (1836-
1890); Midilli, İstanbul ve İzmir olmak üzere başlıca üç farklı kentte yaşamıştır.
Hayatının son yıllarında kısa bir süre Manisa’da kalmış olsa da araştırmacılar bu kısa
süreyi İzmir’de yaşadığı döneme dâhil ederek incelemişlerdir ki bu makalede de
aynı yaklaşım sergilenmiştir. Ali Efendi’nin müzik hayatını bu üç farklı kentte
sürdürmüş olması; Türk sanat müziği kültürü açısından ağ, merkezilik ve
kümelenme kavramlarının gündeme getirilebileceği bir çerçeveyi çizmektedir. Ali
Efendi; doğduğu kentte aile ağı sayesinde müzik geleneğine adım atmış, daha
sonra müzik geleneğinde merkezi konumdaki İstanbul’da müzik alanındaki
kümelenmeye dâhil olmuş, İstanbul’dan sürgün edilmesi üzerine ise İzmir’e göç
ederek buradaki ağ ve kümelenmenin parçası olarak sanat hayatına devam etmiştir.
Makalede; bestecinin yaşamış olduğu kentlerdeki ağ ve kümelenmeler ele alınmış,
özellikle Avrupa çapında bestecilerin göçleri, müzikte kümelenme ekonomisi ve ağ
hakkında son yıllarda yayımlanan çalışmalara dayanılarak tartışma
gerçekleştirilmiştir. Tartışma sonucunda, kentlerin kültür birikimlerinin oluşması,
taşınması ve yerelleşmesi hakkında bir değerlendirme yapılmıştır. 
THE CORRELATION OF HUSBAND SUPPORTS WITH COPING ON PRIMIGRAVIDA PREGNANT WOMEN IN PUSKESMAS PLERET BANTUL YOGYAKARTA 2018
Authors: Winarsih Wiwin
Published: March 2019

Research Background: During their first pregnancy, most women find it difficult to manage their both physical and emotional disorders. Research objective: This research aims to investigate the counseling relationship between husband supports and coping on primigravida pregnant women during delivering their babies. Research methods: This research is an observation research applying the cross sectional design. The independent variable is husband supports; while the dependent variable is the coping on pimigravida pregnant women. Moreover, the population of this research involved all primigravida pregnant women in Puskesmas Pleret Bantul. The research sample consisted of ninety respondents. The data were collected by using questionnaires. The bivariate analysis was done by employing chi-square. Research findings: Primigravida women with adaptive coping come with the percentage of 45.5%. Primigravida women with their husband supports come with the percentage of 60%. There is a significant relationship (p<0.05) between husband supports and coping on prigrimavida pregnant women ((OR=3,7; CI95% 1,48-9,46)). There is a significant relationship between age (OR = 4.3; CI95% 1.33-14.3) and education (OR = 3.5; CI95% 1.25-9.99) and coping on prigrimavida pregnant women (p<0.05). Where as employment and economic status with coping in primigravida mother did not have a significant relationship. Conclusion: Husband supports improves adapting coping on primigravida pregnant women while giving birth.
TAVŞANLARIN GÖZÜNDEN, TAVŞANLAR DAHİL: BAŞKA TÜRLÜ BİR BERLİN DUVARI BELGESELİ
Authors: GÜÇLÜ Özlem
Published: March 2019

Bu  makale, Bartosz Konopka’nın Berlin Duvarı’nın  hikâyesini,  alışılmadık  bir perspektiften, “tavşan gözünden”, anlatan Królik po berlinsku (Rabbit á la Berlin, 2009) adlı belgeseline odaklanmaktadır. Rabbit á la Berlin tarihi belgesel ve doğa belgeseli kod ve konvansiyonlarıyla ironik bir şekilde oynayarak, arşiv görüntülerini tavşan bakış açısına göre yeniden çerçevelendirerek ve tavşan bakış ve hareketlerini ön plana çıkaracak montaj geçişleri kullanarak belgesel türünün ve sinematik alanın kendisinin insan merkezliliği üzerine benzersiz bir tartışma alanı açmaktadır. Bu bakımdan, bu yazı, perdede insan merkezli kullanımların ve eğilimlerin ötesinde yeni sinematik imkân ve kabiliyetler icat eden Rabbit á la Berlin’in özgün türsel, anlatısal ve biçimsel seçim ve düzenlemelerini mercek altına almaktadır. Böylelikle, hayvanların görünürlük rejimleri ve sinemada hayvanların temsili üzerine bir tartışma ortaya koymayı ve film çalışmalarının daha az türcü dolayısıyla daha mümbit bir alana doğru evrilmesine katkıda bulunmayı amaçlamaktadır.
DECEIT, DESIRE, AND THE FILMS OF ZEKİ DEMİRKUBUZ
Authors: LİKTOR Coşkun
Published: March 2019

This article analyses four flms by Zeki Demirkubuz, Kor (Ember, 2016), İtiraf (Confession, 2001), Masumiyet (Innocence, 1997), and Kader (Destiny, 2006), which deal with the themes of unrequited love, jealousy, and betrayal. Analysis reveals the dynamics of desire in these four flms. Kor and İtiraf, both of which depict the sad plight of jealous husbands who agonize over their wives’ infdelity, illustrate Rene Girard’s theory of triangular desire by introducing a third person in the genesis and perpetuation of the subject’s desire. Masumiyet and Kader, on the other hand, are interpreted as modern takes on the theme of courtly love, in which the lover elevates the beloved to the status of sublime object. Masumiyet and Kader are analysed through the lens of Lacanian psychoanalysis, particularly in relation to Lacan’s and Zizek’s writings on the anamorphic gaze and masochistic contract present in courtly love. The article shows that all four flms demystify the concept of romantic love, thereby demonstrating Lacan’s contention that a spontaneous, unmediated and harmonious sexual relationship between a man and a woman is impossible.
Eine „tickende geostrategische Zeitbombe“?
Authors: Anlauf Axel
Published: March 2019

Phosphor ist ein nicht ersetzbarer Nährstoff in Düngemitteln, die essentiell für die Produktion günstiger Nahrungsmittel sind. Der vorliegende Artikel analysiert die Veränderungen in der globalen Phosphatindustrie in einer longue-durée-Perspektive und geht besonders auf Entwicklungen seit den plötzlichen Preisanstiegen 2007 und 2011 ein. Zwar wird seitdem eine langfristig durchaus relevante geologische Erschöpfung des Rohstoffs Phosphatgestein diskutiert (peak phosphorus), derzeit kommt es aber eher zu einer politisch regulierten Verteuerung von Phosphatprodukten für importierende Länder (USA, Europa, Brasilien, Indien). Der Rohstoff liegt stark konzentriert in China und Marokko, die zunehmend eigene Interessen gegen die alten Zentren des Weltsystems (USA, Europa) durchsetzen können.
Geld, Weltmarkt und monetäre Dependenz
Authors: Koddenbrock Kai
Published: March 2019

Die Franc-CFA-Währung ist in Europa außerhalb Frankreichs weitgehend unbekannt. Sie wird jedoch, streng an den Euro gebunden, seit 1945 von den meisten ehemaligen französischen Kolonien genutzt und von Frankreich aus mitgesteuert. Der vorliegende Aufsatz analysiert den Franc CFA als besonders restriktives Währungsarrangement, das die Funktionsweise kapitalistischen Geldes und die aus ihm resultierenden Struktur monetärer Dependenz erhellen hilft. Alle Länder unterliegen auf dem Weltmarkt den Restriktionen, die kapitalistisches Geld als Ware und Kredit-Schuldbeziehung ausübt. Länder des Globalen Südens werden in ihrem Handlungsspielraum eingeschränkt, zielgerichtete Politik wird durch Abhängigkeit von Euro und US-Dollar erschwert. Die besonders restriktiven Mechanismen des Franc CFA radikalisieren diese monetäre Dependenz und werden in diesem Aufsatz theoretisch gefasst, um eine genuin globale politische Ökonomie des Geldes zu entwickeln.
Indiens großer Sprung
Authors: Graf Jakob
Published: March 2019

Indien scheint im Schatten des chinesischen Wunders zu verschwinden. Die Relevanz der indischen Wirtschaft wird jeodoch meist unterschätzt. Nicht nur wegen der schieren Bevölkerungszahl, sondern auch aufgrund seines spezifischen Entwicklungspfades ist Indien in der heutigen globalen politischen Ökonomie äußerst relevant. Der Beitrag analysiert Indiens eigenwilligen Weg der Integration in das Weltsystem. Darüber hinaus wird aufgezeigt, warum es eine permanente Produktion einer indischen "Überflussgesellschaft" gibt und wie dies zu einer krisenhaften Dynamik und sozialen Konflikten führt.
Biochemical and Functional Changes in the Eye As a Manifestation of Systemic Degeneration of the Nervous System in Parkinsonism
Authors: Kim A. R. , Pavlenko T. A. , Katargina L. A. , Chesnokova N. B. , Ugrumov M. V.
Published: March 2019

Parkinsons disease (PD) is a systemic neurodegenerative condition caused by the death of dopaminergic neurons of the nigrostriatal system of the brain. This disease is diagnosed after most neurons have already been lost, which explains the low efficiency of treatment. Hope for increasing treatment efficiency rests in the development of new strategies for early diagnosis of PD based on a search for peripheral markers that appear as early changes in non-motor functions. Since impairment of the visual function is one of the manifestations of PD, the purpose of our work was to identify biochemical and physiological changes in a mouses eye and eyelid in models of preclinical (presymptomatic) and clinical (symptomatic) stages of PD. We found that the norepinephrine, dopamine, and serotonin levels in the mouse eye reduced not only in the model of the early clinical stage, but also in the model of preclinical stage, an indication that pathological changes in the monoaminergic systems of the brain had affected the eye even before the motor disorders emerged. Moreover, in both models of PD, mice had increased intraocular pressure, indicating the development of both metabolic and functional impairments, which can be used as diagnostic markers. Unlike in the eye, the serotonin level in the eyelid was increased in mice at both parkinsonism stages and in presymptomatic mice to a much higher extent than in symptomatic ones. Given that serotonin is involved in the regulation of lacrimal glands of the eyelid, an increase in its level in parkinsonian mice should alter the composition of tear fluid, which could serve as a diagnostic marker of early stage of PD. Thus, the changes in the metabolism of monoamines in the eye and eyelid observed in mice at the early stage of parkinsonism are accompanied by changes in the function of these structures and, therefore, can be used as diagnostic markers of the early stage of PD.
Antibacterial Effect of Thiosulfinates on Multiresistant Strains of Bacteria Isolated from Patients with Cystic Fibrosis
Authors: Kulikova V. V. , Chernukha M. Yu. , Morozova E. A. , Revtovich S. V. , Rodionov A. N. , Koval V. S. , Avetisyan L. R. , Kuliastova D. G. , Shaginyan I. A. , Demidkina T. V.
Published: March 2019

The multiresistance of A. ruhlandii 155B, B. cenocepacia 122, and P. aeruginosa 48B strains isolated from patients with cystic fibrosis was established. The antibacterial effect of allicin, dimethyl thiosulfinate, and dipropyl thiosulfinate on multidrug-resistant strains was shown. Thiosulfinates can have both bacteriostatic and bactericidal effects depending on the microorganism and the concentration. The studied thiosulfinates may be candidates for the development of alternative antibiotic drugs to treat infections caused by multidrug-resistant pathogens.
The EIMB Hydrogel Microarray Technology: Thirty Years Later
Authors: Gryadunov D. A. , Shaskolskiy B. L. , Nasedkina T. V. , Rubina A. Yu. , Zasedatelev A. S.
Published: March 2019

Biological microarrays (biochips) are analytical tools that can be used to implement complex integrative genomic and proteomic approaches to the solution of problems of personalized medicine (e.g., patient examination in order to reveal the disease long before the manifestation of clinical symptoms, assess the severity of pathological or infectious processes, and choose a rational treatment). The efficiency of biochips is predicated on their ability to perform multiple parallel specific reactions and to allow one to study the interactions of biopolymer molecules, such as DNA, proteins, glycans, etc. One of the pioneers of microarray technology was the Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology of the Russian Academy of Sciences (EIMB), with its suggestion to immobilize molecular probes in the three-dimensional structure of a hydrophilic gel. Since the first experiments on sequencing by hybridization on oligonucleotide microarrays conducted some 30 years ago, the hydrogel microarrays designed at the EIMB have come a long and successful way from basic research to clinical laboratory diagnostics. This review discusses the key aspects of hydrogel microarray technology and a number of state-ofthe-art approaches for a multiplex analysis of DNA and the protein biomarkers of socially significant diseases, including the molecular genetic, immunological, and epidemiological aspects of pathogenesis.
The Mechanism of Fluorescence Quenching of Protein Photosensitizers Based on miniSOG During Internalization of the HER2 Receptor
Authors: Kuzichkina E. O. , Shilova O. N. , Deyev S. M.
Published: March 2019

The protein photosensitizer miniSOG is a promising agent for photodynamic therapy. The genetically encoded phototoxins 4D5scFv-miniSOG and DARPin-miniSOG specifically bind to the HER2 receptor overexpressed on the surface of cancer cells and promote receptor-mediated internalization of HER2. We show that ingestion of proteins in a complex with the receptor reduces the fluorescent signal of the phototoxic module in endosomes. In order to clarify the mechanism of decrease in the fluorescence intensity of miniSOG-based proteins as they enter a cancer cell during internalization, we analyzed the influence of different factors, including low pH, proteolysis, cofactor reduction, and shielding, on changes in the fluorescence of photosensitizers. Shielding and absorption of miniSOG fluorescence by cell fluorophores, including cytochrome c, were found to contribute significantly to the changes in the fluorescent properties of miniSOG.
İslam Hukukunda Paranın Değer Kaybının Ödenmesini Gerektiren Esaslar
Authors: HABERGETİREN Ömer Faruk
Published: March 2019

İslam
bir din olarak sosyal adaleti gerçekleştirmeyi ve refahı toplumun tüm
kesimlerine yaymayı amaçlar. İslam hukukunda bu hedefe ulaşmak için bir takım
gerekli düzenlemeler yapılmıştır. Maslahat kapsamında yer alan bu
düzenlemelerin hedefi tarafların menfaatini koruma ve zarar görmelerini önleme
olarak ifade edilebilir. İktisadi hayata ait düzenlemeler de bu kapsamda
değerlendirilir.

Ekonomik
sıkıntıların yaşandığı, yüksek enflasyon oranının görüldüğü dönemlerde para
değer kaybına uğramaktadır. Bunun sonucunda alacaklı konumda olan kimse için
bir zararı ortaya çıkmaktadır. İslam hukukun genel prensiplerine göre bu zarar
giderilmelidir. Bu da ancak değer kaybının ödenmesiyle mümkündür.

İslam Hukukunda paranın
değer kaybının ödenmesi bir takım hukuki esaslara dayanmaktadır. Bu makalede bu hukuki esaslar belirlenmeye çalışılacaktır.
İslam Hukukunda Fulûs’un Değerinde Değişimi İfade Eden Dört Kavram: Rahs, Galâ, Kesâd, Inkıta’
Authors: Habergetiren Ömer
Published: March 2019

İslam ülkelerinde kâğıt paranın tedavülüne kadar altın ve gümüşten
üretilen “Dinar” ve “Dirhem” ile diğer metallerden üretilen ve “Fels” (ç.
Fulûs) adı verilen para birimleri kullanılmıştır. Klasik kaynaklarda altın ve gümüşün
para olarak yaratıldığı düşüncesi hakimdir. Bu nedenle değerinde/satın alma
gücünde görülen değişim, yapılan işlemi hukuki yönden hiçbir şekilde etkilemez.

Fulûs
ise itibari bir para birimidir. Bu para birimlerinde görülen değişim işlemi
etkiler. İslam Hukuku kaynaklarında fulûs’un satın alma gücünde görülen değişim
için dört terim kullanılır. Piyasadan tamamen çekilme/Kullanımdan kalkma için,
“Inkıta’”; tedavülden kalkma “Kesâd”; değer kazanma, “Galâ”
ve değer kaybetme için “Rahs”
kavramları kullanılır. Yapılan akit sonucunda bu para, zimmette borç olarak
bulunuyorsa ve ödeme günü değerinde bir değişme meydana gelmiş ise İslam Hukukçuları
borcun ödenmesinde farklı görüşler ileri sürmüşlerdir. Makalede
bu kavramlar ve mezheplerin/İslam hukuk ekollerinin bu durumlarda vermiş
oldukları hükümler belirlenmeye çalışılacaktır.
منهج الشيخين في الرواية عن المختلطين في صحيحيهما
Authors: ALJAAD Anas
Published: March 2019

من
أسباب الضعف ورد حديث الراوي الاختلاط، وهو حالة تصيب الإنسان في حفظه بسبب كبر سن
أو حرق كتب أو غيرها، فيتحول إلى راو يهم ويخطئ ويزيد وينقص في الأحاديث، فيقول
المحدثون عنه: اختلط، أو تغير بأخرة، أو تغير حفظه أو ما يشبه ذلك فهذا له أحكامه
عند المحدثين؛ فيقبل حديثه قبل الاختلاط ويترك ما بعد الاختلاط ، وقد روى الشيخان
البخاري ومسلم عن المختلطين الذين لم يحدثوا بعد الاختلاط ورووا عن المختلطين
الذين حدثوا بعد الاختلاط، وكان لهم في كل ذلك منهج في الرواية عنهم، وهذا المنهج
الذي اتخذوه ليحافظوا فيه على صحة الأحاديث في كتابيهما، وبمعرفة صنيع الشيخين
نعرف المنهج الصحيح في الرواية عن المختلطين، ونعرف أيضا رأي الشيخين في الرواة
الذين اختلطوا أو اختلف في اختلاطهم.
Arap Şiirinde Zorunluluktan Kaynaklanan Hazif Olgusu
Authors: GÜLTEKİN Aladdin
Published: March 2019

Her dilin kendine ait
bir özelliği bulunmaktadır. Bu özellik dilin kullanıldığı bütün anlatımlarda
söz konusu olmayabilir. Arapçada şiir kendine has özellikleri bulunan bir
anlatım üslubudur. Şiire has gramer ve anlatım özellikleri çok fazla olmakla
birlikte, hiç kuşkusuz en geniş yer tutan başlık, anlam olarak olmasa da lafız
olarak onda yapılan haziftir. Zira şair vezni ve kafiyeyi tutturabilmek için
bunu yapmak zorunda kalmış olabilir. Düşürmek, yazmamak anlamına gelen hazif,
şiirde olmakla birlikte nesirde (in prose) de görülebilmektedir. Bu konu
önemine binaen Arapça dil çalışmalarının yapılmaya başlandığı ilk dönemlerden
itibaren edebi kaynaklarda yer almaya başlamış hatta hakkında müstakil eserler
telif edilmiştir.

Hazif konusu gramer
kaynakları içerisinde yeri geldiğinde izah edilen dağınık bilgiler olarak
bulunmaktadır. Tespit edebildiğimiz kadarıyla ülkemizde bu konuda müstakil bir
çalışma yapılmamıştır. Biz bu çalışmamızda şiirde yapılan hazfları örnekler
vermek suretiyle inceleyeceğiz.
PENDUKUNG KEPUTUSAN DALAM PENENTUAN PRODUK TERBAIK PADA PT ASURANSI JIWA GENERALI
Authors: Hardiyan Hardiyan , Hazizah Rosiana Nur
Published: March 2019

Pengembangan bisnis asuransi di saat yang berkembang pesat, dimana ini bisa membuat bingung dalam menentukan produk terbaik yang sesuai keinginan dan kebutuhan mereka. Asuransi jiwa adalah bisnis jasa yang memberikan jaminan kepada pelanggan ketika mereka mengalami peristiwa yang beresiko hilang produktivitasnya menjadi keuangan. Namun, sebagaian besar pelanggan benar-benar menyesal telah nasabah asuransi menjadi karena kurangnya pemahaman mereka untuk asuransi    itu sendiri. Adapun model metode yang akan digunakan adalah metode Simple Additive Weighting (SAW). Metode ini merupakan metode dengan cara mencari penjumlahan terbobot dari rating kinerja pada setiap alternatif dan pada setiap atribut. Metode Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) dapat membantu dalam pengambilan keputusan suatu kasus, akan tetapi perhitungan dengan menggunakan metode ini hanya yang menghasilkan nilai terbesar yang akan terpilih sebagai alternatif yang terbaik.
Implementasi Algoritma Apriori dan FP-Growth Untuk Menentukan Persediaan Barang
Authors: Junaidi Agus
Published: March 2019

Hasil dari penjualan pada minimarket yang selalu berupa laporan hanya dilihat tanpa ada tindak lanjut untuk menentukan keputusan diwaktu yang akan datang. Pihak manajemen hanya menerima laporan jumlah barang terjual dan berapa banyak pendapatannya. Padahal dengan data tersebut seharusnya dapat dimanfaatkan untuk menyusun rencana-rencana penjualan diwaktu yang akan datang. Dengan menggunakan metode Frequent Pattern Growth, pihak manajemen dapat mengambil keputusan barang mana yang membutuhkan persediaan yang lebih banyak dibandingkan dengan barang yang lain. Peletakan barang yang sesuai dengan hubungan antar barang yang biasanya dibeli konsumen juga dapat ditentukan berdasarkan support dan confidence berdasarkan market base analysis yang diperoleh dari perhitungan asosiasi dengan menggunakan metode Frequent Pattern Growth. Dengan menggunakan metode Frequent Pattern Growth maka penempatan barang dan persediaan barang pada minimarket dapat terkontrol dengan baik sehingga pelayanan pada konsumen akan meningkat yang akhirnya dapat juga meningkatkan omset penjualan. Dalam penelitian ini support ditentukan mengunakan ambang batas 60% dan confidence 80%.
YİYECEK İÇECEK ÇALIŞANLARININ TÜKENMİŞLİK DÜZEYLERİNİN BELİRLENMESİNE YÖNELİK BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: OKAT Çinuçen , KOÇAK Nilüfer
Published: March 2019

Özellikle hizmet
sektöründe ve insanlarla yüz yüze ilişkilerin yoğun olarak yaşandığı meslek
gruplarında daha çok görülen tükenmişlik sendromu, bireyde ruhsal ve fiziksel
olarak enerjinin tükenmesi olarak ifade edilmektir. Otel işletmelerinin emek
yoğun, dinamik, yorucu ve sistemin her alanında yoğun insan ilişkilerini
gerektiren yapısından dolayı otel işletmeleri çalışanları tükenmişlik sendromu
ile karşı karşıya kalmaktadırlar. Bu çalışmanın amacı, otel işletmelerinin
yiyecek içecek bölümü çalışanlarının tükenmişlik düzeylerinin; duygusal
tükenme, duyarsızlaşma ve kişisel başarı boyutlarında belirlenmesidir. Ayrıca
yiyecek içecek bölümü çalışanlarının demografik özelliklerine göre tükenmişlik
düzeylerinin farklılaşıp farklılaşmadığını belirlemeye yönelik analizler
yapılmıştır. İzmir il merkezinde bulunan beş yıldızlı otel işletmelerinde
gerçekleştirilen alan araştırmasında anket tekniği kullanılmıştır. 230 geçerli
anketin analizi sonucunda, yiyecek içecek bölümü çalışanlarının duygusal
tükenme, duyarsızlaşma ve kişisel başarı boyutlarında tükenmişlik düzeylerinin
orta düzeyde olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca çalışanların; yaşı, eğitim durumu,
turizm sektöründeki mesleki deneyimleri, işletmedeki pozisyonları, işletmedeki
ve mevcut pozisyondaki çalışma süreleri, günlük çalıştıkları saat süreleri,
aylık kazanç durumları ve iş değiştirme istekleri ile tükenmişlik boyutları
puan ortalamaları arasında istatiksel olarak anlamlı bir farklılık gözlemlenmiştir.
Fakat cinsiyet, medeni durum, turizm eğitimi durumu, haftada çalışılan gün
sayısı, işletmede çalışma şekli ve çalışanların ek gelir durumları arasında
istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir farklılık gözlemlenmemiştir.
La procesión del Corpus Christi en Cartagena de Indias : orden y representación social en la fiesta barroca.
Authors: Serrano García Manuel
Published: March 2019

Las festividades y ceremonias barrocas tenían una doble dimensión: religiosa y civil. Por un lado, servían para celebrar y recordar unos principios religiosos y, por otro, era una forma de hacer visible el orden social y político. Ambos principios coexistían bajo unas mismas formas que la fiesta barroca trasmitía a la mayor parte del pueblo. Las fiestas del Corpus Christi fueron el mejor medio de representación político-religiosa que hubo en el mundo hispánico. El estudio de la festividad del Corpus Christi en Cartagena nos permite hacer una reconstrucción de esta festividad, analizando la riqueza simbólica y social que se desplegaba. La festividad era también un espejo social donde se reflejaban las tensiones entre las distintas instituciones participantes y las consecuencias sociales que implicaba tan compleja representación.
Celina Manzoni, UN DILEMA CUBANO. NACIONALISMO Y VANGUARDIA.
Authors: Buenahora Molina Giobanna
Published: March 2019

La presunción de una trasposición de los modelos estéticos europeos sin cambio ni alteraciones a América Latina ha hecho creer que siempre hubo una recepción atrasada y confusa de las novedades de la cultura europea —y norteamericana en los últimos años—. La crítica literaria en Latinoamérica se ha centrado en la supuesta idea de una repetición asincrónica de los modelos europeos, lo que instaura de plano la concepción de que nuestras expresiones estéticas al ser meras repeticiones, fuera de tiempo y de época, difícilmente pueden integrar el canon universal —aunque sea precisamente desde este canon que se les estudia, imponiendo estructuras de análisis que pocas veces dan cuenta de los procesos de la literatura latinoamericana— y su falta de autonomía respecto a los modelos.
EL SISTEMA DE ARRENDAMIENTOS Y LA MONOPOLIZACIÓN DE LOS INGRESOS FISCALES EN EL ESTADO SOBERANO DE BOLÍVAR, 1860-1878
Authors: Flórez Bolívar Roicer Alberto
Published: March 2019

Este artículo estudia los principales impuestos del Estado Soberano de Bolívar (Colombia) entre 1860 a 1878, los obstáculos que enfrentó la administración pública para la recaudación de los mismos, la debilidad de los fiscos distitales y del Estado regional y las resistencias opuestas por los ciudadanos a pagar los impuestos. La idea central es la de que la incapacidad de establecer un monopolio fiscal obligó al Estado a arrendar los principales impuestos de los que dependía su funcionamiento, cediendo la facultad de colectar los tributos a particulares, lo que en última significó la privatización del sistema de recaudo. Por esta vía el arrendamiento se constituyó en una fuente de acumulación de capital y en escenario de disputas políticas entra facciones interesadas en monopolizar el cobro de los recaudos.
ESCUELAS Y POLÍTICAS EDUCATIVAS EN LA PROVINCIA DE CARTAGENA ENTRE 1903-1919
Authors: Acevedo Puello Rafael Enrique
Published: March 2019

Este artículo estudia la escuela como escenario de aprendizaje y formación de los ciudadanos en la Provincia de Cartagena entre 1903-1919. Nos interesa demostrar que la departamentalización de la educación, tras la emisión de la Ley Orgánica de Instrucción Pública de 1903, afirmó el estatus de Cartagena como capital de la educación pública primaria en el Departamento de Bolívar, preponderancia educativa y en la organización de los contenidos temáticos en los colegios por medio de los que se trataba de dar la sensación del progreso, bienestar y adelanto cultural luego de cien años de vida independiente republicana. Por ello, a los escolares les incumbía realizar actividades artísticas, literarias e históricas atinentes a la emancipación para dar muestras de cierta pertenencia social por su lugar de origen y para llegar a ser reconocidos como ciudadanos dignos una vez terminara su ciclo educativo.
Alfonso Múnera, FRONTERAS IMAGINADAS. LA CONSTRUCCIÓN DE LAS RAZAS Y DE LA GEOGRAFÍA EN EL SIGLO XIX COLOMBIANO.
Authors: Turizo España Alex Javier
Published: March 2019

Una de las variaciones historiográficas más importantes dentro de los estudios históricos en los últimos años ha sido la de explorar la compleja relación existente entre las variables de raza y nación. Desde el Caribe colombiano el historiador que más ha insistido en la importancia metodológica de abordar parte de la historia nacional a partir de estas dos categorías ha sido Alfonso Múnera. En su texto El Fracaso de la Nación. Región, raza y clase en el Caribe colombiano (1717-1810), develó los conflicto socio-raciales que se pusieron en escena en la consecución de la independencia y su correlativo proceso de construcción de la nación, al tiempo que subrayó el papel definitivo jugado por los sectores mulatos y negros libres en la defensa del concepto de ciudadanía y en general del ideario republicano.
Cartas de Manuel del Castillo sobre conflicto con Simón Bolívar en Cartagena y la guerra con las tropas españolas, 1815
Authors: Pimienta Medina Julibeth
Published: March 2019

El año de 1815 representa para la historia nacional colombiana el inicio de los procesos que conllevaron a la disolución de la Primera República. Todo ello como consecuencia de la expedición de reconquista emprendida por la corona española bajo el mando de Pablo Morillo, y que colocaría a la ciudad de Cartagena de Indias, principal plaza fuerte de la Nueva Granada, como punto de partida para el sometimiento de los partidarios de la república. Así, las implicaciones de estos acontecimientos involucraron fuertes actividades militares dentro de la provincia de Cartagena, como también diferentes conflictos internos entre los independentistas que permitieron alguna ventaja a los realistas para la sujeción de la ciudad y su provincia a la monarquía española, y a partir de ella a todo el territorio neogranadino.
Normas para publicar en la revista.
Authors: Editorial Comite
Published: March 2019

Normas editoriales
Modeling and Diagnosis of the Inter-Turn Short Circuit Fault for the Sensorless Input-Output Linearization Control of the PMSM
Authors: Maanani Yacine , Menacer Arezki
Published: March 2019

The purpose of this paper is the inter-turn short circuit fault Modeling and detection for the sensorless input-output linearization control of the permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) based on the Extended Kalman Filter observer (EKF). The fault detection procedures are based through the estimation of the stator resistance variation by the Extended Kalman Filter observer and the Fast Fourier Transformer (FFT) for the stationary state, and the Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) analysis of the electrical characteristics of the PMSM, for the non-stationary state. However, the FFT spectral analysis and the DWT is a useful solution to ensure that the variation of the stator resistance estimation is caused by the inter-turn short circuit fault. The effectiveness of the sensorless control and the fault detection techniques are presented in a simulation in MATLAB/Simulink environment.
A Threshold Multivariate Model to Explain Fiscal Multipliers with Government Debt
Authors: Tariffi Leonardo Augusto
Published: March 2019

This paper shows fiscal multipliers, considering levels of public debt with multivariate threshold models. Non-linear behavior in sovereign debt-to-GDP ratio time series determine the relationship between output and government expenditure. The debt-to-GDP ratio has been selected optimally as an endogenous threshold variable to evaluate non-linearities; it has been useful for identifying estimators in a multivariate threshold autoregressive model; and it has been an important tool to observe how the multiplier changes during good times and bad. Expansionary fiscal policies seem to be counterproductive in this framework. This result highlights the link between real and financial variables.
Estudio para la implementación del manual de control interno caso (Gobierno Municipal del Cantón Puerto Quito, Provincia de Pichincha)
Authors: Egas Moreno Fanny Graciela , Cifuentes Luz Marina , Toala Preciado Domitilo , Vergara Cuadros Yadira Natalia
Published: March 2019

El presente trabajo se basa en el estudio para la implementación de un manual de control interno para la sección de contabilidad del Gobierno cantonal de Puerto Quito, Cantón Puerto Quito, Provincia de Pichincha, en el periodo de enero a junio del 2018”. Y que plantea como problema, ¿Cuál será la incidencia del estudio para  la implementación de un manual de control interno para sección de contabilidad para disminuir riesgos en la ejecución de actividades encaminadas al cumplimiento de los objetivos y en que los ingresos y gastos aplicables a las operaciones del municipio, sean registradas e informadas adecuadamente, con el propósito de preparar estados e informes financieros confiables? cuyo objetivo general es dotar a la administración de un instrumento que describa y unifique los procedimientos y criterios mínimos que faciliten la evaluación del sistema de control interno por parte de las unidades de control interno, con el fin de fomentar su fortalecimiento, proporcionando información retro alimentadora para toma de decisiones en proceso de gestión de la municipalidad, contribuyendo así, a mejorar la eficiencia y efectividad, lo que redundara en beneficios de los intereses del Gobierno Cantonal de Puerto Quito y de las Sección de Contabilidad.
Técnicas participativas en el aprendizaje de las Ciencias Naturales.
Authors: Lasluisa Caguana Mariela Cristina , Yungán Yungán Raúl , Guayta Sailema María Cecilia , Acosta Bones Silvia Beatriz
Published: March 2019

Las técnicas participativas son herramientas muy importantes en la educación, que en la actualidad deben ser aplicadas en todas las áreas de estudios. En el presente artículo se pretende investigar la incidencia de las técnicas participativas en el aprendizaje de las Ciencias Naturales de los estudiantes de séptimo Año de Educación General Básica de la Unidad Educativa "General Córdova" del cantón Ambato, provincia de Tungurahua, Ecuador para lo cual se indagará la definición de las 2 variables. Las técnicas participativas dentro del contexto educativo, en la cual proponemos ejercicios participativos en el aprendizaje de las ciencias naturales, diseñados bajo los principios del constructivismo, trasladando el protagonismo de los profesores a los estudiantes. El artículo tiene como objetivo investigar cómo inciden las técnicas participativas en el aprendizaje de las ciencias naturales de los estudiantes de séptimo grado de educación general básica de la Unidad Educativa "General Córdova". La metodología empleada es el análisis cuantitativo con la técnica la encuesta estructurada en 2 bloques a. lineamiento de formación b. lineamiento de investigación a 5 docentes y a 35 estudiantes de la Unidad Educativa "General Córdova", en el ciclo académico Septiembre 2016-Julio 2017. Los resultados se organizan en dos dimensiones: (a) técnicas participativas, (b) aprendizaje de las ciencias naturales, el resultado es una sistematización que contribuye a comprender la importancia de las técnicas participativas en el proceso de aprendizaje de las ciencias naturales.
Evaluation of safety of caesarean myomectomy: A prospective study
Authors: Nargis Nazlima , Karim Md Iqbal , Loverine Salma
Published: March 2019

Background: Uterine myomas are the most common benign tumour of female reproductive tract and the prevalence of myomas in pregnancy has been reported to be 2%to 5% . Myomectomy during cesarean section has traditionally been discouraged due to risk of intractable haemorrhage and fear of hysterectomy. But recently large scaled studies indicated that cesarean myomectomy could be safely performed in majority of cases without any serious or life threatening complications.

Materials and Methods: This prospective study was done at Ibn Sina Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh between January 2016 and December 2016. Fifty patients were recruited into the study, 25 patients had undergone myomectomy during cesarean section and 25 patients had undergone only cesarean section.

Results: Average value of haemoglobin both pre and post-operatively was 12.31±1.22 g/dl and 10.64±1.51 g/dl for patients who had cesarean section with myomectomy and 11.61±1.3 g/dl and 10.3±1.7 g/dl in the other group in which cesarean section without myomectomy was performed. The difference in average haemoglobin for patients who had a cesarean section and myomectomy was 1.41 while those who had caesarean section alone was 1.32±1.12. This was not significant. The average duration of operation was longer in patient who had cesarean section and myomectomy (54.32±18.06 mins) than those who had caesarean section alone (38.54±8.42mins). The incidence of hemorrhage was5.45±1.23% and 5.23±1.03% respectively and the mean length of postoperative hospitalization was2.42±1.45and 2.17±0.70 days and no hysterectomy was needed in any group. Blood transfusion was given in 6 patients with 3 patients in each group. Sixty eight percent of the fibroids were subserous and in the body of the uterus.

Conclusion: Cesarean myomectomy is a safe and effective procedure and does not increase the incidence of intraoperative and postoperative complications.

Bangladesh Crit Care J March 2019; 7(1): 40-43
A case of Plasmodium Falciparum Malaria with initial presentation of diarrhea leading to multi organ failure
Authors: Shamarukh Karishma , Rahaman Mir Atiqur , Faruq Ridwan Naim , Faruq Mohammad Omar
Published: March 2019

Malaria is a major health concern in tropical countries. The disease has various modes of presentation involving different organs in the body. Gastrointestinal manifestation is a common mode of presentation, but diarrhea as the initial symptom is rare. The incubation period of Plasmodium falciparum is 9 to 14 days. Due to differences in the presenting symptoms, prompt diagnosis and treatment is most often delayed. Here, we are reporting a 64 years old Dutch male with history of travel to Ghana 45 days back, followed by Netherlands, Myanmar before coming to Rajshahi, Bangladesh, a non-endemic zone of malaria. He was admitted to a peripheral hospital there with history of diarrhea for 2 days and an episode of loss of consciousness. After admission, he developed fever with chills. On the next day his consciousness level deteriorated. The initial PBF revealed no parasite while a second PBF revealed plasmodium falciparum. The patient was transferred to our hospital with endotracheal tube for further management. He later developed AKI, DIC with septic shock, and atrial fibrillation during his stay in our hospital. He was treated with both parenteral and orally administered antimalarial medications.

Bangladesh Crit Care J March 2019; 7(1): 48-50
Persistent abdominal pain of a middle aged old female– Think of Amoebic Colitis
Authors: Niger Chowdhury Rifat , Zaman Chowdhury Akram Uz , Chowdhury Raj , Hossain Tamzeed , Mahbub Tania , Khanam Rawshan Arra
Published: March 2019

Amebic colitis, also known as amebiasis, is a gastrointestinal disorder caused by invasion of the intestine by the protozoan parasite, Entamoeba histolytica. Although primarily a disease found in underdeveloped countries, this condition may exist in patients who have recently travelled these area. Obtaining an accurate history and testing are crucial for correctly diagnosing and treating amebic colitis. Here we are reporting a case of Amoebic Colitis who has presented with severe abdominal pain and diarrhoea.

Bangladesh Crit Care J March 2019; 7(1): 58-60
Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Ethanolic Extract of Carica Papaya Leaves and Indomethacin in Cotton Pellet Induced Granuloma in Animal Model
Authors: Sultana Afroza , Afroz Rumana , Yasmeen Onayza , Aktar Muqbula Tasrin , Yusuf Md Abdullah
Published: March 2019

Background: Anti-inflammatory effect can be exerted by Carica papaya.

Objective: The purpose of the present study was to see the anti-inflammatory effect of ethanolic extract of Carica papaya leaves and indomethacin in carrageenan induced rat paw edema animal model.

Methodology: This was an animal study carried out in the Department of Pharmacology at Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka, Bangladesh during the period from July 2014 to June 2015 for a period of one (01) year. The leaves of Carica Papaya collected from Botanical garden, Mirpur, Dhaka, Bangladesh. The animals were divided into four groups. The animals were divided into four groups. In all the animals granuloma were induced by implantation of autoclaved cotton pellet on the 1st day and they treated as follows: Group I were served as control that was received normal saline. Group II were received ethanolic extract of Carica Papaya leaves. Group III were received ethanolic extract of Carica Papaya leaves. Group IV were received indomethacin. On the 15th day animals were anesthetized, implanted pellets were dissected out, dried at hit air oven and the final weights were measured.

Result: The experiment was carried out on 48 Long Evan Norwegian rats. Rats were divided in 4 groups of six animals each. The mean increase of weight of cotton pellet was 48.06±1.02, 24.48±0.36, 22.42±0.56 and 18.02±0.43 in group I, II, III and IV respectively. The inhibition of granuloma formation was 49.06%, 53.35% and 62.51% in group II, III and IV respectively.

Conclusion: In conclusion the ethanolic extract of Carica Papaya leaves has effects on cotton pellet induced granuloma formation in experimental rat.

Journal of Current and Advance Medical Research 2019;6(1):2-5