bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Maximum gain enhancement in wireless power transfer using anisotropic metamaterials
Authors: Harris William Carter , Ricketts David S.
Published: May 2023

We present an analysis for metamaterial (MM) enhanced wireless power transfer (WPT) that includes new results revealing the impact of magnetostatic surface waves and their degradation of WPT efficiency. Our analysis shows that the commonly used fixed loss model used by previous works leads to the incorrect conclusion regarding the highest efficeincy MM configuration. Specifically, we show that the “perfect lens” configuration provides lower WPT efficiency enhancement in comparison to many other MM configurations and operating conditions. To understand why, we introduce a model for quantifying loss in MM-enhanced WPT and introduce a new figure of merit on efficiency enhancement, $$G_{\rho }$$

G
ρ

. Using both simulation and experimental prototypes, we show that while the “perfect-lens” MM achieves a field enhancement of four times the other configurations considered, its internal loss due to magnetostatic waves significantly reduces its efficiency-enhancement. Surprisingly, all the MM configurations analyzed other than the “perfect-lens” achieved higher efficiency enhancement in simulation and in experiment than the perfect lens.
Converting N2 molecules into NH3 with TiO2/Fe3O4 composite covered with a thin water layer under ambient condition
Authors: Moriya Ichiro
Published: May 2023

As ammonia manufacture today require huge energy and very pure hydrogen gas and moreover emit large quantities of CO2, researches for new ammonia synthesis methods are actively performed. Here, author reports the novel method through which N2 molecules in air is reduced into ammonia with TiO2/Fe3O4 composite having thin water layer on composite’s surface under ambient condition (less than 100 °C and atmospheric pressure). The composites were composed of both nm-sized TiO2 particles and μm-sized Fe3O4 ones. First, composites were held in refrigerator, mainly at that time, N2 molecules in air adsorbed onto surface of composite. Next, the composite was irradiated with various lights including solar light, 365 nm LED light and tungsten light through thin water layer formed by condensation of water vapour in air. Reliable amount of ammonia was obtained under 5 min’s irradiation of solar light or of both 365 m LED light and 500 W tungsten light. This reaction was catalytic reaction promoted by photocatalytic one. In addition, holding in freezer instead of refrigerator provided larger amount of ammonia. Maximum ammonia yield was approximately 18.7 μmol/g 5 min under irradiation of 300 W tungsten light only.
Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation as a potential novel treatment for polycystic ovary syndrome
Authors: Zhang Shike , He Hui , Wang Yu , Wang Xiao , Liu Xiaofang
Published: May 2023

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder in women of childbearing age. The etiology of PCOS is multifactorial, and current treatments for PCOS are far from satisfactory. Recently, an imbalanced autonomic nervous system (ANS) with sympathetic hyperactivity and reduced parasympathetic nerve activity (vagal tone) has aroused increasing attention in the pathogenesis of PCOS. In this paper, we review an innovative therapy for the treatment of PCOS and related co-morbidities by targeting parasympathetic modulation based on non-invasive transcutaneous auricular vagal nerve stimulation (ta-VNS). In this work, we present the role of the ANS in the development of PCOS and describe a large number of experimental and clinical reports that support the favorable effects of VNS/ta-VNS in treating a variety of symptoms, including obesity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus, inflammation, microbiome dysregulation, cardiovascular disease, and depression, all of which are also commonly present in PCOS patients. We propose a model focusing on ta-VNS that may treat PCOS by (1) regulating energy metabolism via bidirectional vagal signaling; (2) reversing insulin resistance via its antidiabetic effect; (3) activating anti-inflammatory pathways; (4) restoring homeostasis of the microbiota-gut-brain axis; (5) restoring the sympatho-vagal balance to improve CVD outcomes; (6) and modulating mental disorders. ta-VNS is a safe clinical procedure and it might be a promising new treatment approach for PCOS, or at least a supplementary treatment for current therapeutics.
Whole spectrum of Aeromonas hydrophila virulence determinants and the identification of novel SNPs using comparative pathogenomics
Authors: Abdella Bahaa , Abozahra Nourhan A. , Shokrak Nermeen M. , Mohamed Radi A. , El-Helow Ehab R.
Published: May 2023

Aeromonas hydrophila is a ubiquitous fish pathogen and an opportunistic human pathogen. It is mostly found in aquatic habitats, but it has also been isolated from food and bottled mineral waters. It causes hemorrhagic septicemia, ulcerative disease, and motile Aeromonas septicemia (MAS) in fish and other aquatic animals. Moreover, it might cause gastroenteritis, wound infections, and septicemia in humans. Different variables influence A. hydrophila virulence, including the virulence genes expressed, host susceptibility, and environmental stresses. The identification of virulence factors for a bacterial pathogen will help in the development of preventive and control measures. 95 Aeromonas spp. genomes were examined in the current study, and 53 strains were determined to be valid A. hydrophila. These genomes were examined for pan- and core-genomes using a comparative genomics technique. A. hydrophila has an open pan-genome with 18,306 total genes and 1620 genes in its core-genome. In the pan-genome, 312 virulence genes have been detected. The effector delivery system category had the largest number of virulence genes (87), followed by immunological modulation and motility genes (69 and 46, respectively). This provides new insight into the pathogenicity of A. hydrophila. In the pan-genome, a few distinctive single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been identified in four genes, namely: d-glycero-beta-d-manno-heptose-1,7-bisphosphate 7-phosphatase, chemoreceptor glutamine deamidase, Spermidine N (1)-acetyltransferase, and maleylpyruvate isomerase, which are present in all A. hydrophila genomes, which make them molecular marker candidates for precise identification of A. hydrophila. Therefore, for precise diagnostic and discrimination results, we suggest these genes be considered when designing primers and probes for sequencing, multiplex-PCR, or real-time PCR.
Tumor therapeutic response monitored by telemetric temperature sensing, a preclinical study on immunotherapy and chemotherapy
Authors: Shao Qi , Lundgren Mia , Lynch Justin , Jiang Minhan , Mir Mikael , Bischof John , Nelson Michael
Published: May 2023

Temperature in the body and the tumor reflects physiological and pathological conditions. A reliable, contactless, and simplistic measurement system can be used for long-term monitoring of disease progression and therapy response. In this study, miniaturized battery-free wireless chips implanted into growing tumors on small animals were used to capture both basal and tumor temperature dynamics. Three preclinical models: melanoma (B16), breast cancer (4T1), and colon cancer (MC-38), were treated with adoptive T cell transfer, AC-T chemotherapy, and anti-PD-1 immunotherapy respectively. Each model presents a distinctive pattern of temperature history dependent on the tumor characteristic and influenced by the administered therapy. Certain features are associated with positive therapeutic response, for instance the transient reduction of body and tumor temperature following adaptive T cell transfer, the elevation of tumor temperature following chemotherapy, and a steady decline of body temperature following anti-PD-1 therapy. Tracking in vivo thermal activity by cost-effective telemetric sensing has the potential of offering earlier treatment assessment to patients without requiring complex imaging or lab testing. Multi-parametric on-demand monitoring of tumor microenvironment by permanent implants and its integration into health information systems could further advance cancer management and reduce patient burden.
Visible-light driven electron–donor–acceptor (EDA) complex-initiated synthesis of thio-functionalized pyridines
Authors: Dhara Hirendra Nath , Rakshit Amitava , Barik Dinabandhu , Ghosh Koustuv , Patel Bhisma K.
Published: May 2023

A visible-light-induced electron–donor–acceptor (EDA)-aggregated radical cyclization between (E)-2-(1,3-diarylallylidene)malononitriles and thiophenols leads to poly-functionalized thio pyridines.
Recent advances on covalent organic frameworks (COFs) as photocatalysts: different strategies for enhancing hydrogen generation
Authors: Gu Chang-Cheng , Xu Feng-Hua , Zhu Wei-Kang , Wu Run-Juan , Deng Lu , Zou Jun , Weng Bai-Cheng , Zhu Ri-Long
Published: May 2023

COF-based materials with different linkages and strategies for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution.
Melting of FePt nanoparticles studied using DFT
Authors: Jochym Paweł T. , Łażewski Jan , Piekarz Przemysław
Published: May 2023

The DFT molecular dynamics modelling of the melting process confirmed high structural instability of the Fe-terminated nanoparticles and a strong stabilizing effect of the Pt-termination in the FePt shell-type icosahedral particles.
A DFT study on methanol decomposition over single atom Pt/CeO2catalysts: the effect of the position of Pt
Authors: Lu Hao , Zhong Yuan , Jie Yao , Yin Pan , Zhao Xiao-Jie , Feng Yu-Liang , Shen Tian-Yao , Guo Jing-Yi , Zhang Wei , Pu Min , Yan Hong
Published: May 2023

This theoretical study shows the mechanism of MD reaction on Pt1/CeO2(110), Pt7/CeO2(110), and Pt1/Ce1−xO2(110) surfaces and demonstrates that adjusting the loading position of Pt single atoms can effectively improve the catalytic activity.
Ohmic contacts of the two-dimensional Ca2N/MoS2donor–acceptor heterostructure
Authors: Wang Xinxin , Yu Shiqiang , Xu Yushuo , Huang Baibiao , Dai Ying , Wei Wei
Published: May 2023

An excellent n-type Ohmic contact forms between electrene Ca2N and semiconducting MoS2monolayers, with a 100% tunneling probability and a perfect linearI–Vcurve.
Effect of the type of N-substituent in the benzo-18-azacrown-6 compound on copper(ii) chelation: complexation, radiolabeling, stability in vitro, and biodistribution in vivo
Authors: Zamurueva L. S. , Egorova B. V. , Ikonnikova I. S. , Zubenko A. D. , Pashanova A. V. , Karnoukhova V. A. , Mitrofanov A. A. , Trigub A. L. , Moiseeva A. A. , Priselkova A. B. , Fedorova O. A. , Kalmykov S. N.
Published: May 2023

In this work, we synthesized two new benzo-18-azacrown-6 ethers bearing picolinate and pyridine pendant arms and studied the copper complexes of these ligands, as well as those of an acetate analog.
High radiative efficiency based on intramolecular charge transfer in a 9,9′-bianthracene-ortho-carboranyl luminophore
Authors: Kim Mingi , Yi Sanghee , Kim Dongwook , Shin Ilsup , Seo Yung Ju , You Dong Kyun , Ryu Chan Hee , Lee Kang Mun
Published: May 2023

A 9,9′-bianthracene-bearing o-carboranyl luminophore exhibited an exceptional intramolecular charge transfer-based radiative efficiency over 85% in the solution state at 298 K via strategic molecular design that ensured structural rigidity.
A perspective on photoelectrochemical storage materials for coupled solar batteries
Authors: Tan Yan-Xi , Zhang Xiang , Lin Jing , Wang Yaobing
Published: May 2023

In-depth discussions on the motivation and recent progress of photoelectrochemical cathode for coupled solar batteries are provided, along with insights into the future development of materials and devices for practical solar energy storage.
Platinum nanoparticles labelled with iodine-125 for combined “chemo-Auger electron” therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Wawrowicz Kamil , Żelechowska-Matysiak Kinga , Majkowska-Pilip Agnieszka , Wierzbicki Mateusz , Bilewicz Aleksander
Published: May 2023

Here we present for the first time iodine-125 labeled platinum nanoparticles targeting the tumor microenvironment for combined “chemo-Auger electron” therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma.
Chiral recognition during adsorption on MOF [{Cu12I(trz)8}·4 Cl·8 H2O]n, obtained from achiral building blocks without an external source of chirality
Authors: Sharafutdinova Yuliya F. , Balandina Ksenia S. , Pavlova Irina N. , Agliullin Marat R. , Guskov Vladimir Yu.
Published: May 2023

A MOF consisting of achiral molecules but with chiral pores was studied. Enantioselectivity can be achieved if molecules penetrate into the large pore and not in the small pore.
Ferromagnetic and half-metallic phase transition by doping in a one-dimensional narrow-bandgap W6PCl17 semiconductor
Authors: Qiao Yusen , Yin Huabing
Published: May 2023

We predicted an unexplored 1D W6PCl17 chain with narrow direct bandgap, high hole mobility and robust doping magnetism. The ferromagnetic and half-metallic phase transition has been achieved at an experimentally achievable doping concentration.
A fluorescein-based fluorescent probe for fast detection of malondialdehyde and its imaging study
Authors: Peng Min , Du Quan-Rong , Yao Xue , Li Chun-Ni , Tian Yang , Peng Yu , Wang Ya-Wen
Published: May 2023

A turn-on fluorescent probe SWJT-17 for the detection of MDA was designed and synthesized based on a ring-opening reaction. The probe could rapidly detect MDA with high selectivity in aqueous solution.
Synthesis of gem-dibromo 1,3-oxazines by NBS-mediated electrophilic cyclization of propargylic amides
Authors: Zhang Huaxin , Xiong Yongge , Bai Jiang , Yang Ruchun , Song Xian-Rong , Xiao Qiang
Published: May 2023

NBS-mediated electrophilic cyclization of propargylic amides for the synthesis of gem-dibromo 1,3-oxazines is reported. The reaction occurred under mild conditions with good functional group compatibility.
Myosin in chromosome organisation and gene expression
Authors: Shahid-Fuente Isabel W. , Toseland Christopher P.
Published: May 2023

The importance of myosin motor protein is well-characterised within the cytoplasm and cytoskeleton. However, mounting evidence on four nuclear myosins highlights the central role these proteins have in maintaining genomic stability and gene expression. This review focuses on each of their critical roles in chromatin structure, chromosome translocation, transcription regulation, and DNA damage repair in terms of maintaining chromosome and chromatin integrity.
BEYONDPLANCK
Authors: Brilenkov M. , Fornazier K. S. F. , Hergt L. T. , Hoerning G. A. , Marins A. , Murokoshi T. , Rahman F. , Stutzer N.-O. , Zhou Y. , Abdalla F. .B. , Andersen K. J. , Aurlien R. , Banerji R. , Basyrov A. , Battista A. , Bersanelli M. , Bertocco S. , Bollanos S. , Colombo L. P. L. , Eriksen H. K. , Eskilt J. R. , Foss M. K. , Franceschet C. , Fuskeland U. , Galeotta S. , Galloway M. , Gerakakis S. , Gjerløw E. , Hensley B. , Herman D. , Hoang T. D. , Ieronymaki M. , Ihle H. T. , Jewell J. B. , Karakci A. , Keihänen E. , Keskitalo R. , Maggio G. , Maino D. , Maris M. , Paradiso S. , Partridge B. , Reinecke M. , Suur-Uski A.-S. , Svalheim T. L. , Tavagnacco D. , Thommesen H. , Tomasi M. , Watts D. J. , Wehus I. K. , Zacchei A.
Published: May 2023

End-to-end simulations play a key role in the analysis of any high-sensitivity cosmic microwave background (CMB) experiment, providing high-fidelity systematic error propagation capabilities that are unmatched by any other means. In this paper, we address an important issue regarding such simulations, namely, how to define the inputs in terms of sky model and instrument parameters. These may either be taken as a constrained realization derived from the data or as a random realization independent from the data. We refer to these as posterior and prior simulations, respectively. We show that the two options lead to significantly different correlation structures, as prior simulations (contrary to posterior simulations) effectively include cosmic variance, but they exclude realization-specific correlations from non-linear degeneracies. Consequently, they quantify fundamentally different types of uncertainties. We argue that as a result, they also have different and complementary scientific uses, even if this dichotomy is not absolute. In particular, posterior simulations are in general more convenient for parameter estimation studies, while prior simulations are generally more convenient for model testing. Before BEYONDPLANCK, most pipelines used a mix of constrained and random inputs and applied the same hybrid simulations for all applications, even though the statistical justification for this is not always evident. BEYONDPLANCKrepresents the first end-to-end CMB simulation framework that is able to generate both types of simulations and these new capabilities have brought this topic to the forefront. The BEYONDPLANCKposterior simulations and their uses are described extensively in a suite of companion papers. In this work, we consider one important applications of the corresponding prior simulations, namely, code validation. Specifically, we generated a set of one-year LFI 30 GHz prior simulations with known inputs and we used these to validate the core low-level BEYONDPLANCKalgorithms dealing with gain estimation, correlated noise estimation, and mapmaking.
A numerical model of thermoacoustic heat pumping inside a compact cavity
Authors: Fraigneau Yann , Weisman Catherine , Baltean-Carlès Diana
Published: May 2023

This paper presents a numerical study of thermoacoustic heat pumping along a stack of solid plates placed inside a compact cavity submitted to an oscillating flow. Velocity and pressure fields are controlled by two acoustic sources: a main “pressure” source monitoring the fluid compression and expansion phases, and a secondary “velocity” source generating the oscillating fluid motion. Numerical simulations are performed with an “in-house” code solving Navier–Stokes equations under a Low Mach number approximation in a two-dimensional geometry. In the linear regime, thermoacoustic heat pumping is correctly described with this model for different sets of parameters such as thermo-physical properties of the stack plates, amplitude of pressure oscillation or of the velocity source, phase shift between both sources. Numerical results on the normalized temperature difference established between the ends of stack plates are in excellent agreement with analytical estimates and experimental results published in the literature. Several configurations corresponding to different thermal conditions applied on the outside wall and an inside separation plate are then considered. If the separation plate is adiabatic, temperature varies linearly along the stack, recovering classical linear theory’s results. If the separation plate is thermally conductive, the model, providing detailed description of local heat and mass transfer, shows that the temperature field becomes fully two-dimensional and thermoacoustic heat pumping is less efficient. The model is well adapted to explore the influence of local heat transfer constraints on the heat pump efficiency and thus well suited for detailed analyses of more complex mechanisms such as buoyancy effects.
Spatial analysis in decision-making on agriculture activities
Authors: Reimov Mamanbek , Mamatkulov Zokhid , Shermanov Utkir , Oymatov Rustam , Khamraliev Akbarjon , Abdurashitov Bayram
Published: May 2023

Geoinformation technologies (GIS) play an important role in precision agriculture and the organization of smart agriculture. This can impact deeply the analysis of the state of agricultural lands, mainly irrigated lands, and find a positive solution to the problem based on digital data consisting of different thematic layers. In this research, spatial analysis of agro-ecological conditions was carried out in order to establish effective precision agriculture in the Pakhtazor massive of the Mirzachul district of the Jizzakh region. Representing agro-ecological (soil, climate, groundwater, weather) and social (population, settlements, roads for transport) factors that directly affect the efficient production in agriculture through geospatial analysis and thematic maps were developed. In the process of creating thematic maps and analysing the data, spatial analyses such as IDW, Euclidean distance, and Kernel density were performed using ArcGIS software. As a result of spatial analysis, soil quality was assessed with an average value. Groundwater level and mineralization were in normal condition with 2-2.5 meters and 0-3 gr/l respectively. Infrastructure, irrigation-drainage system, and weather are sufficient to carry out effective agricultural activities, especially crop cultivation.
Soil-geobotanical assessment of the condition of land plots on the example of the forest fund of MSI “Sokolovskoye Forestry”
Authors: Shogelova N. , Sartin S.
Published: May 2023

Work has been carried out on the study of forest areas located on the territory of Northern Kazakhstan. The study of the soil was carried out by the method of laying soil sections and semi-sections with a description of the power of horizons. The soil structure was determined by the method of splitting soil samples. The determination of the granulometric composition was carried out by a wet method with a division into the sand, sandy loam, light loam, medium loam, heavy loam, and clay. According to the structure and chemical analysis, the types of soils for each forestry are determined. Based on the results of the study, recommendations were developed for the categories of areas. The areas of plots Suitable for all major forest species and areas with existing forests and forest crops overgrew with self-seeding were also determined. During the reconnaissance route-loop survey of land plots, types of plant associations were identified. A comprehensive ecological and geographical study the forestry was carried out to carry out afforestation work. Mainly, the identification of types of plant associations made it possible to conduct a preliminary assessment on the ground about the quality of the studied sites for the restoration of forests.
Water conservation in the reclamation of saline irrigated lands of Uzbekistan
Authors: Shirokova Yu.I. , Sadiev F.F. , Paluashova G.Q.
Published: May 2023

On the territory of Uzbekistan, almost half of the area of irrigated land is subject to salinization, for this reason up to 30 % or more of the crop yield is lost. With a shortage of water resources, which will deepen due to climate change, water-saving technologies must be used not only for irrigation but also for the reclamation of saline soils. The authors have developed a new approach to the regulation of the salt regime and soil reclamation. The conducted experiments have established that the use of the Biosolvent preparation almost doubles the efficiency of washing saline lands, due to the increased leaching of salts. To reduce salinity by 0.1% of the total amount of salts, the water-saving unit costs are 610 m3/ha. Calculation on the basis of field experimental data from 2016 (of established indicators of salt removal when using Biosolvent), shows a reduction of soil washing norm by 3000 m3/ha or by 38 %, at the transition of soils from “strong” degree of salinization to “non-saline”. The study 2020 proved that the application of Biosolvent preparation for the melioration of highly saline gypsum soils, combined with their preliminary deep loosening, allows reducing soil salinity by 5 dS/m, due only to atmospheric precipitation.
Mapping of soil properties using geographic information systems (on the example of Tashkent region)
Authors: Bobomurodov Sh. , Abdurakmonov N. , Niyazmetov U. , Baxodirov Z. , Normatov Y. , Abdurakhmonov Z.
Published: May 2023

The article analyzes the options for mapping soil properties using GIS systems. The perspectives on the use of GIS in the efficient mapping of soil mechanical content, agrochemical, and salinization characteristics are given. The study is conducted for irrigated sierozem soils of the Parkent district of Tashkent region. The basis of the research is the analysis of soil map data of the study areas, and the generalization of the results of soil-cartographic, laboratory, and cameral-analytical studies, which were conducted by commonly use methodological instructions. As a result of the research, digital thematic maps were created for the selected areas, such as various thematic maps, such as soil mechanical composition, soil nutrient status, and salinity maps.
Improving the methods of Agricultural mapping using remote sensing data
Authors: Oymatov R. , Mamatkulov Z. , Maksudov R. , Bakhriyev M. , Aminova G. , Menlimuratova I. , Esirgapov A.
Published: May 2023

Based on remote sensing data, it is possible to create a real-time database of agricultural sectors of the study area, in particular, types of crops, fisheries, arable land, and other sectors of agriculture. Remote sensing techniques can also be used to help determine crop yields, parasite spread, increased damage, and soil conditions using satellite imagery and aerial photography. In agricultural mapping, a classification algorithm is required that ensures the reliability and accuracy of the data extracted from the remote sensing data. Research and experiments have shown that increasing the accuracy of classification results requires not only the selection of a perfect algorithm but also a high level of knowledge and skills in the field in which the research is conducted. The mapping of agricultural sectors, in particular the classification of crops, also requires close acquaintance with the existing types of crops in the region, their dependence on natural and climatic conditions, and their development trends.
The importance of using dekhan and household lands
Authors: Usmanov Yu.
Published: May 2023

It is known that while the lands of farms in Uzbekistan are mainly engaged in the cultivation of raw cotton and grain of strategic importance to the state, the lands of farmers and horticultural lands are used for growing vegetables, livestock, poultry, melons, fruits, and other ecologically clean food products. plays an important role in meeting their needs. The role of the system of land use of farmers and landowners in land reform is an important strategic task for the future and will continue to be relevant in this direction. Today, as a result of consistent expansion and strengthening of the role and functions of peasant and horticultural lands as a means of natural products as a means of commodity production, ensuring food security of the country, production of environmentally friendly products for the consumer market, there will be opportunities to further increase the efficiency of land use in order to address economic issues. In our opinion, it is necessary to improve the organizational and legal mechanism of dehkan and farmlands and the land use activities of these farms.
Use of remote sensing Landsat-EVI in the assessment of landscape degradation (On the example of the Aydar-Arnasay lake systems)
Authors: Sabirova Nilufar , Groll Michael , Abbasov Subkhan
Published: May 2023

The Arnasay depression in Central Uzbekistan received large quantities of drainage water leading to the formation of the Aydarkul-Arnasay Lake System (AALS). The water level of the AALS drastically increased in 1969, when a flood in the nearby Syrdarya River basin could not be contained in the Chardarya reservoir, and today it occupies an area of 4000 km2 of the Mirzachul and Kyzylkum desert. Increasing the lake’s water level also affects the surrounding agricultural land, further enhancing the level of groundwater and soil salinization. But the irrigated farming areas also influence the lake system due to the pollution of the drainage water discharged into the lake. As a result, both the arable land and the lake system are in a process of degradation, leading to reduced productivity and a variety of ecological problems. Remote sensing was used to determine the degradation process in agroirrigation landscapes around the lake. Landsat EVI (Enhanced vegetation index) extremely resistant to various atmospheric resistances (aerosols). It monitors plants with very high sensitivity even in low biomass areas. Landsat EVI images were compared in March-April, May-June, June-July, July-August, and August-September to classify the degradation process in the agroirrigation landscapes around the lake. Landsat has 4,5,7,8 series programs. In the article used Landsat-5TM Collection 1 Tier 1 32-Day EVI and Landsat-8 ETM + Collection 1 Tier 32-Day EVI. In Landsat EVI, July-August was chosen as the optimal time to detect agroirrigation landscape degradation. Classifications of agroirrigation landscape degradation have been developed at Landsat EVI.
Some issues of geoinformatics support for agroclimatic zoning in the South Aral Sea basin
Authors: Reimov Mamanbek , Mamutov Nizamatdin , Reymov Polat , Statov Viktor , Khudaybergenov Yakhshimurad , Sultashova Oralkhan , Tleumuratova Bibigul
Published: May 2023

The possibility of building a regional system for assessing the climatic potential and agroclimatic zoning using geoinformation approaches and specialized description language CSML (Climate Science Modelling Language) for the Southern Aral Sea basin. Modern approaches to the construction of agroclimatic zoning systems using ground-based and space-based monitoring are discussed. The necessity of combining geoecological and bioclimatic zoning of the territory using spatial databases is shown.
Modeling transient transport through a fixed bed: Comparative study of phenomenological models with and without hydrodynamic dispersion
Authors: Benaouag Nadia , Sardin Michel , Rihani Rachida
Published: May 2023

Numerous publications on the transport of pollutants in a fixed bed, in particular in the treatment of waters still use two-parameter models: a capacity parameter measuring the delay of the breakthrough curve (CP) and a transfer kinetics parameter to translate the dispersion observed (Thomas model and Yoon-Nelson model), The authors totally neglect the role of the hydrodynamic dispersion which however largely contributes to the spread of the curves and thus the adjustments made on the analyzed breakthrough curves are invalid, Using three examples involving fixed beds of homogeneous adsorbent beads or sand, one of Lin et al [2013] with biochar-alginate grains (diameter 2.0 mm), the following from Jang et al. [2018] with resin beads (diameter 0.8 mm), and the last of our own work with a clay-limestone quartz sand of mean diameter 0.4 mm (Benaouag et al., 2018) we analyzed the validity of these models, For this we used as reference model a model with 4 parameters (Mixers in Cascade with Exchange) taking into account hydrodynamic dispersion, linear sharing and first-order mass transfer kinetics.
Contribution of Life Cycle Assessment for the objective of carbon neutrality: Bibliographic review
Authors: Caiardi Fanny , Azzaro-Pantel Catherine , Le-Boulch Denis
Published: May 2023

The Paris Agreement adopted in 2015 (UNFCCC, United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, 2015) set the objective of containing the rise in the average temperature of the planet well below 2°C, ideally at 1.5°C, compared to pre-industrial levels. According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC, 2018), this requires achieving carbon neutrality by 2050. This objective has become a major issue and has led to the development of multiple scenarios, responding to specific questions from different sectors (ADEME, 2021; Ministère de la Transition Ecologique, 2020; négaWatt, 2021; RTE, 2021) and supporting various strategies at the international, national and even regional level. France, as a signatory of the Paris Agreement, has thus developed a trajectory, described in the National Low Carbon Strategy (SNBC) (Ministère de la Transition Ecologique, 2020) to achieve carbon neutrality by 2050. However, this issue raises many methodological questions on quantification metrics. Furthermore, Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is a recognized method for the environmental assessment of products and services, taking into account the entire life cycle. Carbon neutrality strategies would benefit from being enriched by the LCA method, on two counts: in order to extend the carbon dimension to a broader, multi-criteria environmental dimension, and in order to take into account the entire life cycle rather than just emissions from the territory. Nevertheless, the question of the feasibility of translating carbon neutrality scenarios into LCA modeling arises. This article reviews the literature on this subject. Research has highlighted the growing interest in these two subjects for several years, while revealing an ill-defined semantic around carbon neutrality: the term is mainly used to contextualize decarbonization projects. Thus, no article dealing with the carbon neutrality of France assessed by an LCA study has been identified. A test case would make it possible to understand the feasibility of such an approach: the scenario of the SNBC (Ministère de la Transition Ecologique, 2020) seems to be a relevant support for such an exercise.
Study of pathways to reduce the energy consumption of the CO2 capture process by absorption-regeneration
Authors: Dubois Lionel , Costa Alexis , De Weireld Guy , Thomas Diane
Published: May 2023

Several industrial sectors, such as for example cement manufacturers and lime producers, produce so-called “unavoidable” CO2 emissions because these ones are intrinsically linked to the industrial process itself (decarbonation of calcium carbonate). In order to reduce these emissions, it is necessary to implement a Carbon Capture, Utilization and/or Storage (CCUS) process chain, whose step of capture, although already technologically mature (especially the absorption-regeneration process using amine(s)-based solvents), leads to very high energy consumption. Three pathways to reduce this consumption have been investigated (experimentally and/or through the development of Aspen PlusTM simulations), namely: (i) upstream of the process thanks to the increase of the flue gas CO2 content (by partial oxy-combustion and/or flue gas recirculation), (ii) within the process (using more efficient and innovative mixtures of solvents such as demixing solutions), and (iii) at the configurational level by using advanced configurations in the capture process. It emerged that the use of a demixing process such as the mixture composed of diethylethanolamine (DEEA) and methylamino-propylamine (MAPA), or the implementation of an advanced process configuration (InterCooling Absorber + Rich Vapor Compression + Rich Solvent Splitting and Preheating, with methyldiethanolamine (MDEA) + piperazine (PZ) as a solvent) are the most energy reducing pathways for the absorption-regeneration process, i.e. more than 40% in comparison with a conventional process using monoethanolamine (MEA). Moreover, from an economical point of view, and compared to a basic configuration with MEA, the demixing technology has the advantage of being able to achieve such energy performance with a more limited investment (CAPEX) (+1.6%) than with advanced process configurations (+8.8%).
Materials for the energy transition: Importance of recycling
Authors: Olives Régis , Ribeiro Enrique , Py Xavier
Published: May 2023

The energy transition aims, among other things, to reduce the impacts on climate change, and in particular the CO2emissions linked to the very high consumption of fossil fuels (coal, oil, gas). The solution lies firstly in energy sobriety, secondly in improving efficiency and finally, in the development of carbon-free energies with, in particular, renewable energies (EnR). On this last point, the deployment of renewable energy processes requires the mobilization of materials in relatively large quantities due to the low concentration of the energy resource (Vidal, 2018). We highlight here the quantities of materials necessary for the implementation of the various energy production systems by focusing on the main materials which are concrete, steel, copper, aluminum, glass and polymers. We will only discuss these materials here. However, we must not forget the so-called critical materials which are also used, albeit in smaller quantities, but which can pose a problem in terms of resources due to their scarcity (IEA 2021). Attention is paid to the recycling of materials which significantly changes the point of view. It is shown the interest of, of course, maximizing this recycling.
Potential for the integration of alternative energies in the process industry
Authors: Payet Lucille , Carlu Elieta , Pasquier Léo , Debard Christophe
Published: May 2023

In the current context of energy transition, industry has a major role to play. In France, it represents 20% of overall energy consumption, with a predominantly carbon-based energy mix (Fig. 1). To decarbonize French industry, the first lever is therefore to reduce this energy consumption by working on energy efficiency and process optimization. In order to pursue their decarbonization roadmap, manufacturers will have to act on their energy mix. In France, very low-carbon electricity opens up a real opportunity for the electrification of thermal processes. Since electrification cannot concern all uses, carbon-free gases will also play a crucial role in this energy transition. As such, the ALLICE Alliance has investigated these two decarbonization pathways for its members in two in-depth studies on the subject ([1] and [2]). This article highlights the main results of these two studies, each of which is the subject of public summaries [3].
Experimental Study of an upflow Fluidized Bed: Identification of Fluidization Regimes
Authors: Gueguen Ronny , Sahuquet Guillaume , Mer Samuel , Toutant Adrien , Bataille Françoise , Flamant Gilles
Published: May 2023

The concept of solar receiver using fluidized particles as heat transfer fluid is attractive from the point of view of its performance but also of the material used. In this concept, the receiver is composed of tubes subjected to concentrated solar radiation in which the fluidized particles circulate vertically. Circulation in the tubes, immersed in a “nurse” fluidized bed, is ensured thanks to a controlled pressure difference imposed on the latter and secondary aeration. This ventilation located at the bottom of the absorber tubes makes it possible to control the fluidization regimes. The latter strongly influence the parietal heat transfers and therefore the performance of the receiver. In order to better understand the conditions of appearance of these regimes and to better identify them, a study at room temperature was carried out with a tube 45 mm in internal diameter and 3.63 m in height. The tube is instrumented with several pressure sensors distributed over its height. More than 170 experiments have been performed exploring wide ranges of particle and aeration flow rates, with and without particle circulation. Signal processing methods, classically used in the scientific literature of fluidized beds, are applied. Combined together, these methods have enabled the identification of bubbling, pistoning (of the wall and axisymmetric), turbulent fluidization and rapid fluidization regimes. The pooling of all this information allows the establishment of a diagram of the fluidization regimes and their transition, showing that the local slip velocity is the key parameter governing the structure of the flow.
Ecodesign of a process for dimethyl carbonate: Influence of the degree of modelling of the methanolysis of urea
Authors: Astruc Laurent , Vialle Claire , Sablayrolles Caroline , Cassayre Laurent , Rodriguez-Donis Ivonne
Published: May 2023

The environmental performance of emerging bio-based technologies must be assessed at an early stage of their development, when the process can still be modified for sustainable optimization, i.e. including environmental, social and economic aspects. The Life Cycle Analysis (LCA) methodology is already recognized as an effective solution for environmental analysis. However, the data obtained at the laboratory scale are incomplete in the initial stage of the eco-design of a new synthesis route, which complicates the inventory of the life cycle. Coupling a process modelling/simulation tool with LCA has proven to be an effective solution for providing inventory data. The simulation of a process is based on the selection of models allowing the environmental, energy and economic optimization of a technology to be developed on the production scale. The choice of models for the reaction and separation steps will certainly have a significant impact on the results of the environmental assessment. This article is dedicated to the study of the impact of the degree of complexity of the modelling of the reaction pathway on the environmental assessment of the process of methanolysis of urea to produce dimethyl carbonate (DMC).
Facilitators and barriers in general practitioners’ choice to
work in primary care units in Austria: a qualitative study
Authors: Burgmann Sarah , Huter Sebastian , Mayerl Hannes , Paier-Abuzahra Muna , Siebenhofer Andrea
Published: May 2023

Background Recent reforms in Austria have focused on establishing
team-based care within multiprofessional primary care units, to enhance amongst
others, the work attractiveness of general practice. Nearly 75% of
qualified general practitioners are not working as contracted physicians with
the social health insurance. This study aims to explore the facilitators of and
barriers to non-contracted general practitioners to work in a primary care
unit.

Methods We conducted twelve semi-structured, problem-centered interviews
among purposively sampled non-contracted general practitioners. To extract
categories of facilitators and barriers for working in a primary care unit,
transcribed interviews were inductively coded using qualitative content
analysis. Subcategories were grouped into factors (facilitators and barriers) of
thematic criteria and mapped on the macro-, meso-, micro-, and individual
levels.

Results We identified 41 categories, including 21 facilitators and 20
barriers. Most facilitators were located at the micro-level, while most barriers
were located at the macro-level. Teamwork and associated conditions made primary
care units attractive as workplaces and corresponded with individual demands. In
contrast, system factors tended to reduce the attractiveness of working as a
general practitioner.

Conclusions Multifaceted efforts are needed to address relevant factors at
all of the levels mentioned above. These need to be carried out and consistently
communicated by all stakeholders. Efforts to strengthen the holistic approach in
primary care, like modern remuneration and patient steering mechanisms, are
essential. Financial support, consulting services as well as training on
entrepreneurship, management, leadership, and team-based care may help to reduce
the risk and burden of founding and running a primary care unit.
Der Nutzen von Cannabis in der Krebstherapie
Authors: Grotenhermen Franjo
Published: May 2023

Cannabis und Cannabinoide können bei der Palliation einer Anzahl von krebsassoziierten Symptomen hilfreich sein, darunter Appetitlosigkeit mit Gewichtsverlust, Übelkeit und Erbrechen, Schmerzen, Schlafstörungen und Depressionen. Einige dieser Indikationen gelten heute als etabliert. In der Grundlagenforschung wurde darüber hinaus nachgewiesen, dass eine Anzahl von Cannabinoiden, darunter THC (Dronabinol) und CBD (Cannabidiol), krebshemmende Eigenschaften besitzen. Es gibt Belege für eine Anzahl von Wirkmechanismen, darunter die Hemmung der Tumorzellproliferation, die Auslösung von Apoptosen und Autophagie, die Hemmung der Tumorinvasion und der Bildung von Metastasen, der Angioneogenese und der Chemoresistenz. Cannabinoide könnten auch vor einigen zytostatikabedingten Schäden schützen, darunter vor der Entwicklung einer peripheren Neuropathie. Allerdings wurden in einzelnen Untersuchungen auch krebsfördernde Eigenschaften von Cannabinoiden beobachtet. Die klinische Datenlage ist bisher sehr limitiert. Es gibt eindrucksvolle Fallberichte über eine erfolgreiche Krebstherapie mit CBD und THC sowie einige epidemiologische Studien und wenige klinische Daten, die ein therapeutisches Potenzial von cannabisbasierten Medikamenten unterstützen.
Pulsatile Subcutaneous Hydrocortisone Replacement in Primary Adrenal
Insufficiency
Authors: Simunkova Katerina , Løvås Kristian , Methlie Paal , Jovanovic Nevena , Bifulco Ersilia , Bronstad Ingeborg , Lightman S. L. , Husebye Eystein Sverre , Oksnes Marianne
Published: May 2023

Pulsatile endogenous cortisol secretion is critical for physiological
glucocorticoid gene signaling. Conventional glucocorticoid replacement therapy
does not mimic endogenous cortisol pulsing in primary adrenal insufficiency. In
an open-labeled, two-week, nonrandomized cross-over study of five patients with
adrenal insufficiency (Addison’s disease in two, bilateral adrenalectomy
in one, and congenital adrenal hyperplasia in two patients) we compared
pulsatile and continuous cortisol pump treatment and conventional oral
glucocorticoid therapy with respect to 24-h serum corticosteroid levels and
plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). Pulsed pump restored ultradian
rhythmicity as demonstrated by five peaks of serum (all patients) and
subcutaneous tissue cortisol (four patients). Morning subcutaneous cortisol and
cortisone were higher in continuous and pulsed pump treatment than in oral
therapy despite nearly similar serum cortisol levels in all treatment arms. ACTH
was within the physiological range during pulsed pump treatment in all patients
except for slightly elevated levels in the morning hours
04:00–08:00 h. During oral therapy, ACTH was very high in
patients with Addison’s disease and suppressed in patients with
congenital adrenal hyperplasia. In conclusions, mimicking endogenous cortisol
rhythmicity by ultradian subcutaneous infusion of cortisol is feasible. It was
superior to both continuous pump and oral therapy in maintaining normal ACTH
levels throughout the 24-h cycle. Our results demonstrate a low free cortisol
bioavailability on thrice daily oral replacement therapy compared to both types
of subcutaneous infusion.
A New Approach to the S–H Insertion Reaction of α-Keto Esters and Thiols
Authors: Yuan Changchun , Fu Kai , Tian Kaixin , Zhang Zhenguo , Guo Jingjing
Published: May 2023

Sulfur-containing compounds are well known for their frequent occurrence in a large number of natural and synthetic molecules with relevant biological activity. An easy and highly efficient approach to sulfur-containing compounds, by S–H insertion reactions of α-keto esters with thiols, is reported. The substrate scope was remarkably wide, affording the corresponding products in up to 97% yield. Overall, the raw materials were readily available and the reaction conditions were mild in this synthetic method.
Imaging Recommendations for Diagnosis, Staging, and Management of Hematological Malignancies
Authors: Guha Amrita
Published: May 2023

The NIC defines hematological cancers as those that begin in blood forming tissues such as bone marrow or cells of the immune system and these broadly include three groups: leukemias, lymphomas, and myelomas. The role of imaging is also fundamentally different between the three main groups of hematological malignancies. While imaging is the main tool for staging as well as treatment response assessment in lymphoma, it represents one of several key criteria for the diagnosis and follow-up of myeloma; whereas in leukemia, imaging has a role to play in the detection and management of treatment-related complications which is a crucial part of post-transplant treatment.