Designing an Automated Composter for Food Waste Management with the Implementation of Internet of Things
Authors:   Department of Electronic System Engineering, Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology,   Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, 54100, MALAYSIA, Fakharulrazi N. A. , Yakub F. ,   Wind Engineering for Environment Laboratory, Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology,  Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, 54100, MALAYSIA, Baba M. N. ,   Department of Electronic System Engineering, Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology,   Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, 54100, MALAYSIA, Zhao L. F. ,   Department of Electronic System Engineering, Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology,   Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, 54100, MALAYSIA, Rafiq A. ,   Department of Electronic System Engineering, Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology,   Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, 54100, MALAYSIA, Yudu H. H. ,   Department of Electronic System Engineering, Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology,   Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, 54100, MALAYSIA, Rasid Z. A. ,   Department of Mechanical Precision Engineering, Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology,  Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, 54100, MALAYSIA, Azizan A. ,   Razak Faculty of Technology and Informatics,   Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, 54100, MALAYSIA
Published: January 2021

Composting food waste is a delicate procedure that requires specific infrastructure and machinery that can gradually transform the wastes to nutrient-rich manure. Nevertheless, it also desires a constant attention by experts to achieve a quality outcome. Therefore, automatic composting machinery is a promising new idea as modern technology is taking over the world with it high efficiency. The objective of this paper is to build a fully automated composting machine that can help to reduce food waste using a more efficient and environmentally friendly method. This machine has its special features of heating, cooling and grinding which is simple and easy to use for every consumer at just one touch of a button. In addition, it uses a special filter to eliminate unpleasant odor to ensure consumer’s space of mind. The composting process uses node microcontroller (MCU) to run its operation and Internet of Things (IoT) with a developed mobile application to measure the amount of food waste, current process and its moisture content before turning the waste into high nutrient flakes at around 10% of its original volume. It will also notify the consumer when the whole process is done and the final product is ready to use. The produced flakes are good for nurturing soils, use as fertilizer, and renewable source of energy or animal feed. The benefit is to help reduce handling cost of waste at landfill. Excessive logistical energy is required to send food waste to landfill if conventional equipment is applied. This product has a high potential to penetrate the end users who usually cooks at home and also the industrial food manufacturers whether from medium to large which produces a lot of raw waste. Essentially, this machine allows food waste, through implementation of IoT to be converted to usable fertilizer.