bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALYSIS OF SUITABILITY OF EVALUATION INSTRUMENTS IN INDONESIAN TEXT BOOK CLASS X SMA WITH STUDENT COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Yeni Witdianti Yeni
Published: June 2023

This article is a descriptive study that aims to determine the suitability of the evaluation instrument for the class X Indonesian language textbook evaluation, published by Tiga Serangkai, with the cognitive development of students. The object of this research is an evaluation instrument in the form of an essay test (description) contained in the Indonesian language textbook (BTBI) class X SMA totaling 60 items. The analysis technique used is the observation procedure, namely (1) identifying the object of research, (2) explaining the various types of data that have been collected, and (3) discussing the research data. The identification of the research object is done by coding various data on indicators of student cognitive development, namely by examining the operational words used and the form of bills or competencies to be measured. The results of data collection in this study were analyzed using descriptive analysis with percentage data. Based on the analysis of 3 characteristics of students' cognitive development on the 60 item descriptions obtained 41, 67% abstract thinking, 20% systematic thinking ability, and 38, 33% experimental thinking ability. Thus it can be concluded that the evaluation instrument in the Indonesian textbook for SMA class X, published by Tiga Serangkai, is in accordance with the cognitive development of the students.
Deviated State: Research Methodology
Authors: Vlasenko Nikolai A.
Published: June 2023

In this article the author analyzes the current domestic state studies, trends and features of its development. It is concluded that legal science practically does not study the so-called blunders in state policy, ineffective strategics, failures of reforms and programs. Classical state science and its representative Aristotle called this a deviation in a state development and used the concept of a deviated (deviating) state . It is proposed to study the causes, types and forms of deviations. The author believes that this approach will allow a deeper analysis of the emerging negative trends and patterns in the European statehood development. The current global crisis, provoked by the situation in Ukraine and around it, only sharpens deviations in the European states’ development. It is emphasized that deviated state theory needs a proper development in the legal science. The problem of the state bodies activities imitation shall be central in the future theory. The author believes that many components of modern statehood do not essentially fulfill their tasks and functions, or, if they do, then partly. The relationship between society and the state is analyzed through the prism of alienation. The state is a product of society; it was created for society and is entirely indebted to it. Legal science must develop criteria for remoteness of the state from society to define the degree of alienation. Within the framework of negative trends, selectivity is also considered as a feature of modern statehood. The author understands selectivity as a special form of coercion. Such states do not carry out heavy repressions; there is a certain point of revenge on individuals, groups, organizations, etc. Among the deviations, the author refers to ignoring the role and importance of social organizations, state’s withdrawal form international human rights organizations, etc. The article ends with the author’s appeal to reasonableness as a condition for resisting deviations. Reasonableness must form the basis for statehood and legal reality. The state, its institutions must be the product of rational human activity. Mankind has long been determined in its own values, which include the state and its companion - law.
Justification of the right to subsistence in contemporary Western philosophy: challenges and solutions
Authors: Shaveko Nikolai A.
Published: June 2023

The article discusses the views of modern Western philosophers on the isuue of socio-economic human rights, including the right to subsistence. The purpose of the work is to answer the question of whether the right to a decent life is morally justified. The work was carried out within the framework of the analytical approach and its inherent methodology. The author identifies several types of arguments expressed in Western literature against the right to a worthy existence. They are 1) actual impossibility of guaranteeing these rights; 2) denial of non-contractual positive obligations that could correspond to this right; 3) problematization of the imperfect nature of positive obligations corresponding to this law. It is shown that these objections in themselves are not sufficient to reject the right to a worthy existence, but they show that at the abstract level this right cannot be justified only in a “negative” sense, that is, as the right to which only the negative duties of others correspond. The author proposes to consider options for solving the problems that gave rise to discussions concerning the right to a dignified existence, outside of human rights discourse. Thus, the moral basis for the fight against poverty and other features of an “unworthy” existence can be formulated by applying to the public sphere (by analogy) the categories of civil law - condiction, tort and contract, as well as taking into account the classical conditions for the onset of legal liability. Moreover, the moral justification for securing some “decent” level of existence is achieved by referring to the general principles of fair distribution of material wealth (regardless of what is considered a “decent existence”). One of these principles is the Rawlsian principle of difference, which does not depend either on the idea of a person as a “moral agent” who requires some kind of minimum (“worthy”) level of well-being, or on understanding of the human rights nature.
Public control and supervision in the economy: theoretical and legal justification
Authors: Agamagomedova Saniyat A.
Published: June 2023

In the context of the rapid processes of economy digitalization and integration, the issues of updating the forms and methods of public law impact on economic relations in the new modern conditions naturally arise. Taking into account the fact that control and supervision are traditionally positioned as basic management functions, the issues of substantiating public control and supervision in various areas of managerial influence in general and in the economic sphere in particular are becoming increasingly relevant. At the same time, the literature review allows to speak about the lack of common positions on the issues of structural and functional content of the category “public control and supervision in the economy”. In this regard, the purpose of the study is determined as the need for a theoretical and legal substantiation of the concept of public control and supervision in the economy, its structural and functional content and place in the general system of public administration. The materials for the study are the scientific works of domestic and foreign scientists in the field of public control and supervision, their individual areas (public financial control, public environmental control, etc.). Various opinions on the structural and functional content of public control and supervision in the economy, its individual areas, assessment of the subject composition, goals and mechanisms for implementing such activities have formed the basis for classifying the existing scientific approaches to justification of public control and supervision in the economy. It is proposed to distinguish at least three approaches to such justification: from narrow (public control and supervision as control and supervision of public authorities) to two options for a broader approach (at the national and supranational levels). The latter seems relevant from the point of view of unification of states on economic basis and formation of regional markets for goods and services in the modern economic space.
A Novel Transition to Practice Curriculum for General Internal Medicine Trainees
Authors: Wang Michael Ke , Khalid Zahira , Cheung Andrew
Published: June 2023

Background: Physicians face numerous challenges during the transition from residency training to indepen-dent practice. Residency programs often provide little to no training around the non-clinical aspects of establishing an independent practice.
Methods: We designed and implemented a longitudinal transition to practice (TTP) curriculum tailored to the needs of general internal medicine (GIM) trainees. Our curriculum included eleven sessions spread across four themes: “Entering the Workforce,” “Managing Your Practice,” “Managing Your Finances,” and “Mainte-nance of Wellness.”
Results: Eleven residents participated in the curriculum. Most residents agreed or strongly agreed that the curriculum included topics that were important to TTP (91%), that the sessions improved their comfort level with the topics presented (100%), and that the curriculum was an important part of their residency training (91%). Personal finance and wellness sessions were particularly well received.
Conclusion: Our longitudinal curriculum for teaching non-clinical TTP competencies was feasible and well-received by GIM trainees. However, further research is needed to establish whether such curricula lead to changes in behavior and outcomes.
RésuméContexte: Les médecins sont confrontés à de nombreux défis durant leur passage de la formation en résidence à la pratique indépendante. Les programmes de résidence offrent souvent peu ou pas de formation sur les aspects non cliniques de l’établissement d’une pratique indépendante.
Méthodologie: Nous avons conçu et mis en œuvre un programme longitudinal de transition vers la pratique (TVP) adapté aux besoins des stagiaires en médecine interne générale (MIG). Le programme comporte onze séances réparties en quatre thèmes : « Intégration du marché du travail », « Gestion de sa pratique », « Gestion de ses finances » et « Maintien du bien-être ».
Résultats: Onze résidents ont participé au programme. La plupart d’entre eux sont d’accord ou tout à fait d’accord pour dire que le programme comporte des sujets qui sont importants pour la TVP (91%), qu’ils se sentent plus à l’aise avec les sujets présentés (100 %) et que le programme constitue une partie importante de leur formation en résidence (91%). Les séances portant sur les finances personnelles et le bien-être ont été particulièrement bien accueillies.
Conclusion: Notre programme longitudinal d’enseignement des compétences non cliniques de la TVP a été réalisable et bien accueilli par les stagiaires en MIG. De plus amples recherches sont nécessaires pour établir si de tels programmes entraînent des changements dans les comportements et les résultats.
Syncope and Seizure: Atypical presentations of aortic dissection.
Authors: Patel Matthew , Raza Samir
Published: June 2023

N/A
D-Dimer Elevation and Venous Thromboembolism ≥90 Days following COVID-19
Authors: Naik Hiten , Li Regina , Shao Selena , Dobosz Krzysztof , Greiner Jesse , Schwartz Zachary , Birks Peter , Malbeuf Michelle , C. Tran Karen , A. Russell James , Y. Y. Lee Agnes , Levin Adeera
Published: June 2023

Background: In acute COVID-19, plasma D-Dimer is a useful biomarker and venous thromboembolism (VTE) is common. However, it is less clear whether this is the case during long-term recovery.
Objectives: To report D-Dimer values and incidence of new VTE ≥90 days following COVID-19.
Methods: In British Columbia (BC), patients supported at the Post-COVID-19 Recovery Clinics underwent routine investigations including D-Dimer as part of a learning health system. Among patients with a positive D-Dimer (≥500ng/mL) test 90–180 days following COVID-19 symptom onset, we performed a retrospective chart review to determine whether imaging for VTE was done.
Results: There were 806 patients reviewed. Of these, 252 (30.3%) had a positive D-Dimer. Imaging was pursued in 56 (6.9%) and 9 (1.1%) were diagnosed with new VTE.Interpretation: At ≥90 days post COVID-19, D-Dimer is often positive, but it is relatively rare to diagnose new VTE.
RésuméContexte: Dans les cas de COVID-19 aiguë, le D-dimère est un biomarqueur plasmatique utile et la thromboem-bolie veineuse (TEV) est fréquente. Toutefois, on ignore si c’est le cas au cours du rétablissement à long terme.
Objectifs: Connaître les taux plasmatiques de D-dimères et la fréquence d’une nouvelle TEV à 90 jours ou plus après avoir contracté la COVID-19.
Méthodologie: En Colombie-Britannique, les patients suivis par les cliniques de rétablissement de la COVID-19 ont subi des examens systématiques, dont le dosage des D-dimères, dans le cadre d’un système de santé apprenant. Chez les patients ayant obtenu un résultat positif au dosage des D-dimères (≥ 500 ng/mL) de 90 à 180 jours après l’apparition des symptômes de la COVID19, nous avons effectué un examen rétrospectif de leur dossier pour savoir si un examen d’imagerie pour la détection d’une TEV a été réalisé.
Résultats: Nous avons évalué 806 patients. De ce nombre, 252 (30,3 %) ont obtenu un résultat positif au dos-age des D-dimères. Un examen d’imagerie a été réalisé chez 56 patients (6,9 %) et un diagnostic de nouvelle TEV a été posé chez 9 d’entre eux (1,1 %).
Interprétation: Quatre-vingt-dix jours ou plus après avoir contracté la COVID-19, le dosage des D-dimères est souvent positif, mais le diagnostic d’une nouvelle TEV est relativement rare.
Bank profitability and economic growth in the emerging markets: The mediating role of stability
Authors: Mashamba Tafirei , Magweva Rabson , Gani Shenaaz
Published: June 2023

Bank profitability is of significant importance to economic growth since it determines banks’ resilience and their ability to provide credit (Raddatz et al., 2020). However, high bank profitability (margins) as in the Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) region can hurt economic growth through inefficient financial intermediation (Rahman et al., 2023). It is, therefore, imperative to examine the interplay between bank profitability and economic growth in SSA. This study investigates the contribution of banks’ performance to economic growth in SSA by examining the impact of bank profitability on growth, as well as the mediating role of stability in this interplay. A panel dataset for 26 SSA economies that spans from 2000 to 2020 was collected and analyzed. System generalized method of moments (GMM) and structural equation model (SEM) were used for the analysis. Surprisingly, the study finds that bank profitability does not affect economic growth in SSA economies. This evidence is attributed to inefficient intermediation in the form of high bank margins and low lending volumes. However, a positive contribution of bank profitability to growth was noted in low-income economies, supporting the notion that banks dominate in economies with underdeveloped financial markets. The study also finds evidence of partial mediation of stability on the bank profitability-growth nexus in SSA.
Documenting Sounds in Urban Places: Belfast During Covid-19 Lockdowns 1 and 2
Authors: Georgios Varoutsos
Published: June 2023

Government-regulated business closures, social distancing from people, and stay-at-home orders emptied the urban environment of the presence of people. This effectively created new sonic relationships between natural and urbanised sounds within our built society. As Covid-19 instilled a state of abandonment from our urban spaces with each variation of lockdowns, there was an opportunity to document these changes through a sonic-journalistic approach. The research is developed through artistic practice-based creative projects that capture the transitional events of Lockdown 1 and Lockdown 2 between March and October 2020 in Belfast, Northern Ireland. Fifteen locations and forty-one audio-photographic files were captured during this period, focusing on perceptions and observations of Covid-19 and the sonic effect on urban spaces. This collection of material acts as a documentation of place through sensory information and has been distributed onto online platforms such as soundmaps (soundwalk apps or browser maps), which allow for revising our understanding and reflecting on changes instilled by the pandemic. The creative projects provide a timeframe of how each lockdown changed our relationship with urban spaces during a global pandemic due to the regulations and distancing from others to combat the virus. This exposition discusses the immediate planning and procedures for capturing material during the events of Covid-19, with a review of certain soundscape compositions based on the sonic relationships of urban spaces.
Journal for Artistic Research: Urgencies
Authors: Journal for Artistic Research
Published: June 2023

For the 14th SAR conference 2023 in Trondheim, a number of JAR editors prepared contributions and presentations discussing some of the current developments and urgencies that we have been facing. The contribution was live streamed. The following panel discussion can found at the end of the exposition.
THE ADJUSTED HISTOGRAM-BASED OUTLIER SCORE - AHBOS
Authors: BİNZAT Uğur , YILDIZTEPE Engin
Published: June 2023

Histogram is a commonly used tool for visualizing data distribution. It has also been used in semi-supervised and unsupervised anomaly detection tasks. The histogram-based outlier score is a fast unsupervised anomaly detection method that has become more popular because of the rapid increase in the amount of data collected in recent decades. Histogram-based outlier score can be computed using either static or dynamic bin-width histograms. When a histogram contains large gaps, the dynamic bin-width approach is preferred over the static bin-width approach. These gaps in a histogram usually occur as a result of various distributions in real data. When working with a static bin-width histogram, gaps can be utilized to acquire better distinction between outliers and inliers. In this study, we propose an adjusted version of the histogram-based outlier score named adjusted histogram-based outlier score, which considers neighboring bins prior to density estimation. Results from a simulation study and real data application indicate that the adjusted histogram-based outlier score yields a better performance not only in the simulated data but also for various types of real data.
Bioinformatics Analysis of Potential Key Genes and Pathways in Pediatric Patients with Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis
Authors: Yang Yu-hao , Liu Wen-dong , Mao Yun-peng , Zou Min-cheng , Chen Mi-mi , Liu Ya , Wang Xiao-dong , Zhang Zheng , Zhang Fu-yong
Published: June 2023

Background: Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is the most
common benign tumor in children, however its etiology remains
incompletely understood. This aim of this study was to employ
bioinformatics methods to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs)
in LCH patients. The identification of these DEGs can offer novel
insights and research directions for the prevention, early diagnosis,
and treatment of LCH. Methods: Gene expression data from
GSE122476 was retrieved from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database.
Using the R language, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were
identified between normal blood samples and bone tissue samples from LCH
patients. The DEGs were subjected to functional and pathway analysis
utilizing the DAVID database. The functional analysis, pathway
enrichment, and protein-protein interactions of these genes were further
examined using DAVID and STRING. To identify core network genes and
significant protein interaction modules, Cytoscape software was
employed. Results: A total of 229 DEGs were identified,
comprising 107 up-regulated genes and 122 down-regulated genes. GO and
KEGG enrichment analyses showed that the up-regulated DEGs were involved
in processes such as immune response, hypoxia response, cell apoptosis,
lipid antigen binding, and membrane composition. On the other hand,
down-regulated DEGs were associated with inflammation, positive
regulation of MAP kinase activity, and serine-type endopeptidase
inhibitor activity. The KEGG enrichment analysis showed that the
up-regulated DEGs exhibited significant enrichment in hematopoietic cell
lineage, the interaction between viral proteins and cytokines and their
receptors, TNF signaling pathway, cell apoptosis, and Th1, Th2, and Th17
cell differentiation. Conversely, the down-regulated DEGs were
significantly enriched in cytokine receptor interaction, lysosome, and
the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway. Further analysis using the STRING
database resulted in the identification of 10 key genes within the
protein network interaction map. These genes included TNF, CD69, IL7R,
CCL4, IL3RA, CD1C, TNFRSF9, HAVCR2, IL2RG, and GZMA.
Conclusion: In this study, 10 DEGs were identified as potential
candidate diagnostic biomarkers for LCH patients. While these DEGs hold
promise for their potential utility in LCH diagnosis, it is important to
note that further experiments are required to validate their functional
pathways and elucidate their roles as hub genes associated with LCH.
Monitoring agrometeorological factors and beehive weight during sunflower (Helianthus annuus) flowering
Authors: Atanasov Atanas , Hristakov Ivaylo , Dochev Veselin
Published: June 2023

The impact of local agrometeorological factors on beehive changing weight during sunflower (Helianthus annuus) flowering was monitored. The study was conducted in 2021 growing season in a hilly flat area with predominant agricultural crops. The location of the experimental apiary is 43°32’4.02”N and 25°45’14.10”E at an altitude of 223 m. The experimental apiary consisted of 122 bee colonies housed in Dadant-Blatt hives. The bees are of the species (Apis mellifera macedonica). The total number of fields sown with sunflower was 6. All sunflower fields were located within a radius of the bees’ optimal flight area. During the experiment there were observed the outside air temperature (Tair), 0°C and air humidity (Hair)%, atmospheric pressure (Ap) hPa, soil moisture (Sm), % at 20 cm depth, soil temperature (St), °C at 10 cm depth, solar radiation (Sr) W·m-2, wind speed (Ws), m·s-1, precipitated rainfall (R), l·m-2. Also the air temperature inside (Tin) the hive was measured. The nectar flow is determined based on the changes in hive weight (Y). The real-time data were available via a web-based application Meteobot®. The results show that there is a significant positive correlation between Y and honey harvesting date D, honey harvesting time per day T, Tair, St, Ap. The other weather indicators as Hair, Sm Ws Dp, Tin are negatively correlated with Y. The indicator Sr is not correlated with Y. The monitoring of the agrometeorological factors and beehive weight during sunflower flowering will help the beekeepers determine the suitable moment for expanding the capacity of the hive and honey extracting.
Fabrication and mechanical properties of polymer composite nanofiber mats
Authors: Sanchaniya Jaymin-Vrajlal , Kanukuntla Sai-Pavan , Senyurt Kagan-Berkay
Published: June 2023

In recent years, as microelectronics technology advances, the number of miniature devices has increased as well as the demand for power supply. Polymer-based electrospun nanofiber membranes have been used as lithium-ion (LI) battery separators and filtration medium. This study investigates the mechanical properties of orientated polyamide 6 (PA6) and polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofiber mats prepared by electrospinning a solution containing PAN and PA6, separately. The PA6 granules and the PAN powder were dissolved in formic acid solvent and N, N-dimethylformamide solvent, respectively. To generate the composite mat, the PA6 nanofiber mat was first electrospun, followed by the PAN nanofiber mat directly electrospun on the PA6 nanofiber mat. In our experiment, we employed the following electrospinning parameters: a voltage of 25 kV, a flow rate of 0.65 ml/h, 25 cm between the tip of the syringe and the drum collector centre, and a constant rotating speed of 1800 rpm. The mechanical properties of nanofiber composite mats, such as the tensile strength and Young’s modulus, were examined. The results demonstrate a reduction in the tensile strength and an increase in the elastic modulus of the composite nanofiber mats by 12% and 126% compared to PA6 nanofiber mats, respectively. The structure of spun nanofibers enables their use as separators for lithium-ion batteries and as a filtering medium. This article suggests the improved mechanical characteristics of nanofiber membranes for use as a barrier in lithium-ion batteries and for filtration.
Impact of mindset activities on psychological well-being and efl skills of engineering students in wartime
Authors: Chaikovska Olha , Palyliulko Oksana , Komarnitska Liudmyla , Ikonnikova Maryna
Published: June 2023

Currently, the educational system of Ukraine is experiencing hard times due to full-scale war. A literature review revealed that military actions harm the mental health of civilians and cause fear, stress, loneliness and burnout. Therefore, learning strategies in wartime should contain effective and psychologically comfortable assimilation of new knowledge. The present study aims to evaluate the efficacy of mindset activities in boosting the psychological well-being of engineering students and improving their EFL grammar and vocabulary skills. A two-group pre and post-test design was used. First-year engineering students were included in the study. PHQ-9 depression questionnaire was used to measure the rate of depression before and after treatment. The questionnaire responses in the experimental group before and after treatment showed that the number of students with moderate depression decreased to 15% after treatment and the percentage of students with minimal depression increased by 20%. The changes in mild depression were minor (5%). By contrast, the respondents’ answers to the pre-and post-treatment questionnaire in the control sample did not show significant shifts from severe to minimal rates of depression. To compare students’ scores in EFL pre- and post-grammar and vocabulary tests after applying mindset activities the Fisher’s Exact Test was used. Twenty-five students of the experimental group (83.3%) passed the test (n1 = 30) and twenty students (57.1%) succeeded in passing the test in the control sample (n2 = 35). The application of the test showed that the obtained empirical value φ (2.359) is higher than the critical value φ (1.64) at P < 0.05. Based on the data obtained, it can be concluded that employing mindset activities in EFL classes during wartime can help reduce the rate of depression among engineering students and improve EFL grammar and vocabulary skills.
Failure analysis of rubber-cord couplings of ER2 series electric trains
Authors: Gorbacovs Dmitrijs , Gavrilovs Pavels , Eiduks Janis , Strautmanis Guntis
Published: June 2023

The article analyzes the statistics of rubber-cord coupling failures during 2015 till 2022. The analysis of failures shows that prevailing cases are rupture of the rubber-cord coupling side surface. It should be noted that the cost of eliminating the consequences of a rubber-cord coupling rupture is on average 575.21 EUR for one unscheduled repair. To study the possible reasons of the rubber-cord coupling rupture, the couplings removed from the motor cars after unscheduled repairs were taken. In the process of research, the warming temperature of the rubber-cord coupling, hardness at various temperatures and forces acting on the rubber-cord coupling during operation, i.e. the operational conditions of the rubber-cord coupling were determined. The purpose of these studies is to determine the possible causes of the rubber-cord coupling side surface. The research process of rubber-cord couplings consisted of four stages. 1. Determination of the geometric dimensions of the coupling and comparison of the obtained data with the data of ISO 14691:2008. 2. Theoretical determination (calculations) of: torque, centrifugal force, shear stress and radial load acting on the coupling. 3. Determination of hardness on the Shore A scale depending on the temperature of the rubber-cord coupling in three temperature ranges t = -20 °C; 0 °C; + 22 °C; + 60 °C in the RTU laboratory. Comparison of the obtained data with the data of ISO 14691:2008. 4. Drawing the main conclusions about the possible causes of rupture of the rubber-cord coupling. The purpose of these studies is to determine the possible causes of the rubber-cord coupling side surface. The forces and stresses acting in the zones of damage to rubber-cord couplings are determined. According to the results of calculations, the values of the forces Рс; Рс1 and stresses τk caused by the torque Ma acting on the rubber-cord coupling in the destruction zones and the values of forces and stresses capable of causing the destruction of rubber-cord couplings are determined. In the article hardness of the rubber-cord coupling was also studied at various temperature conditions.
Optimization of stepped inelastic tubes
Authors: Paltsepp Annika
Published: June 2023

The paper aims to investigate the nonlinear behaviour of inelastic circular cylindrical shells of piece- wise constant thickness and with additional supports subjected to the internal pressure and the axial dead load. The main purpose of the paper consists in the determination of different thicknesses and optimal positions of additional ring supports so that the cost function attains its minimum value, and the governing equations of the problem are satisfied. It is assumed that the material of the shells is an ideal rigid-perfectly-plastic one and obeys a piecewise linear yield condition and the associated flow law. According to the flow law the vector of strain rates is directed towards the external normal to the yield surface at the current point. A deformation-type theory of plasticity is applied in the thesis. According to this version the normality rule is formulated with respect to the vector of strain components. The paper concerns problem formulations with the cost functions, the governing equations including the equations of equilibrium, the gradientality law and the yield condition, also boundary conditions for displacements and bending moments. The case of a one-stepped shell clamped at the left edge and simply supported at the right edge is studied in greater detail. Numerical results are obtained for the case of the cost function which evaluates the mean deflection of the shell with a sandwich-type shell wall. In the paper semi- analytical and numerical methods are developed to determine the stress-strain state of inelastic tubes operating in the post-yield range.
Functional fabrics for multilayered textile pressure sensors: comparison of structures and sensitivity characteristics
Authors: Okss Aleksandrs , Valisevskis Aleksandrs , Briedis Ugis , Baltina Ilze
Published: June 2023

In the field of protective smart clothing, such topics as monitoring of wearer’s vital signs and spatial position are thoroughly studied in the literature. On the other hand, solutions for monitoring of hazardous events, such as high-energy impacts with foreign objects are studied to less extent. Such protective clothing is intended both for operators, working in environments with a risk of injury due to impact with moving parts or falling objects, e.g. operators of heavy agricultural machinery, first responders etc. Such a sensor would enable to detect the location of the impact, its force and would allow to develop a system that sends appropriate emergency signals. The proposed paper focuses on the development of such a sensor, giving a special attention to its structure and usable materials. The proposed matrix array sensor consists of three layers: upper and lower layers with electrically conductive traces and the intermediate piezoresistive layer. Due to the intended application, a textile piezoresistive layer is chosen and after studying the commercially available materials, EeonTex LTT-SLPA 60 kOhm conductive polymer-coated knitted fabric and Sefar Carbotex 03-120CF, 03-160CF and 03-205CF carbon/polyester woven fabrics were selected as the most suitable candidates for further testing. The testing was accomplished using Zwick/Roell Z2.5 compression/strain testing column and Agilent A34970A ohmmeter. The testing focused on changes in fabrics’ conductivity under cyclic stress, sensitivity, measurement hysteresis and repeatability. Different technologies for connecting the piezoresistive and the outside layers were tested as well: direct connection and connection using conductive adhesive textile tapes. Based on the results obtained during testing, recommendations are given for the usage of the studied materials, based on their performance under various levels of stress. During the experiments the best metrological results were demonstrated by piezoresistive fabrics with conductive polymer coating. Besides that, it was concluded that while hot-melt adhesive conductive tapes substantially degrade the sensors’ properties, the use of self-adhesive conductive tapes ensure constant and stable contact between the sandwich layers and thus improve the measuring stability.
Application of furcellaria lumbricalis in development of biodegradable seedling pots
Authors: Ozolina Sintija
Published: June 2023

The use of plastic pots in gardening has been prevalent since the 1960s, and since then the demand for such products has significantly increased. However, the negative impact of plastic pot usage on plants and the environment has led to the need for researching and developing new environmentally friendly and sustainable materials for gardening needs. A practical study was conducted to develop and test a new type of seedling pot made from algae Furcellaria lumbricalis and paper, which was compared to existing biodegradable pots made from peat-paper and paper, as well as a plastic pot for comparison. The study found that pots made from algae and paper showed better germination results than comparable products available in Latvia. The number of sprouted seedlings in each sample was counted, with each sample initially having 15 seeds. The best results were found in pots made of algae-paper, with a germination rate of 74.4%. The second-best results were found in pots made of peat-paper, with a germination rate of 59.4%. The third, were found in plastic pots, with a germination rate of 58.8%. The worst results were found in plain paper pots, with a germination rate of 47.2%. Additionally, the algae-paper pots exhibited the most favourable recovery from the stress test, with well-developed root systems, while specimens grown in plastic pots exhibited marked chlorosis. Thus, the study concludes that algae-paper pots are a promising option for biodegradable pots that can compete with plastic pots.
Interest in Food Wastage Issues as a Determinant of Young People’s Involvement in Reducing Food Waste
Authors:   Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Rejman Krystyna , Jezewska-Zychowicz Marzena ,   Warsaw University of Life Sciences
Published: June 2023

Tackling food waste and reducing its purely negative effects on our planet, both its inhabitants and the environment, is one of the most important challenges facing modern generations. The aim of the research was to find out whether young people's interest in this issue is reflected in their opinions and behaviours to reduce household food waste, and whether it is related to their search for information about food waste and the type of knowledge sources they use. The survey was conducted at the end of 2021 among 200 young people, using an online survey method (CAWI). The degree of interest in the topic of food waste significantly determined both respondents' opinions and all analysed behaviours aimed at reducing food waste. Respondents declaring a high level of interest in the issue declared such behaviours in the highest proportion. Regarding sources of information, three clusters of respondents were identified: „Mass media users”, „Benefiting from science and Internet”, and „Not information-seeking”. Respondents in the third cluster were least likely to display behaviour aimed at reducing food waste. Most respondents wrongly perceived foodservice and retail as the links in the food chain with the highest food waste, rather than households. This may be a barrier to undertaking activities to reduce food waste. The results indicate that changes in consumer views and behaviour related to food management and consumption are needed. It is necessary to develop a broad information and education programme for the public at the national level so that awareness of the need to prevent food waste increases in each population group and this is reflected in household activities. Keywords: food wastage, food waste, consumer behaviour, sources of information
The Role and Importance of Viticulture-winemaking in Agritourism Activity (On the Example of Guria Region)
Authors:   Batumi Shota Rustaveli State University, Georgia, Tsetskhladze Murman , Sulaberidze Salome ,   Batumi Shota Rustaveli State University, Georgia
Published: June 2023

The article presents the history, existing condition and development trends of viticulture-winemaking in the Guria region. Winemaking is one of the directions of agritourism, which includes the following services: accommodating and feeding visitors in farmer's house, working in the vineyard, learning winemaking technology and participation in it, wine tasting. The diversity of the tour depends on the enthusiasm and capabilities of the farmer. Presented materials are based on the results of our research conducted in 2021. During the research, 12 winegrowers and one potter were identified in all three municipalities of Guria, who are engaged not only in wine production and pitcher making, but in agritourism activities as well. The aim of the research was to get to know the activities of local farmers, to identify problems and to determine the ways of their regulation. Relevant recommendations have been elaborated, which serve the development of the field, the growth of the farm’s expansion possibilities, the creation of new tourist routes and refinement and perfection of the service quality. As a result of all this, the level of migration will decrease, the local population will be employed, and their social and economic situation will be improved. In the end, all these benefits will have a positive effect on the economic development of the region.
Employability of University Students as Prospective Specialists in the Context of Their Competitiveness
Authors:   Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, Latvia, Troshkova Marina , Katane Irena ,   Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, Latvia
Published: June 2023

In light of globalisation, internationalisation, digitisation, the Covid-19 epidemic, geopolitical instability, and migration, the issue of employability is becoming increasingly important for individuals, universities, and companies. From the point of view of the social sciences, including education sciences and education management sciences, employability can be understood as a set of many different qualities possessed by a specialist. Additionally, employability is the ability to move freely and flexibly within the labour market and to adapt to its changing conditions, ensuring professional development and mobility. These qualities are included in the structure of the specialist's competitiveness, and they indicate the specialist's competitiveness which is influenced by a number of internal and external factors. The aim of the study is to develop a theoretical basis for the assessment and development of the employability of students as prospective specialists in the context of their competitiveness in current conditions, taking into account the recent developments and trends in the social sciences. The authors use the theoretical research methods that include desk study, as well as the evaluation and analysis of numerous documents and scientific literature. As a result, the most essential employability skills of students as prospective specialists have been identified.
Early adolescents’ beliefs about the development of their moral character: The case of Latvia
Authors:   University of Latvia, Latvia, González Manuel Joaquín Fernández , Surikova Svetlana ,   University of Latvia, Latvia
Published: June 2023

Moral education at school is a topical debate among policy makers, academics, and practitioners. As early adolescence is a crucial period of moral growth, this study aims at capturing early adolescents’ beliefs about the development of their moral character in Latvia. In Spring 2022, 1465 pupils studying in Year 5 (11-12 years old) and Year 7 (13-14 years old) in 90 classrooms at 56 different schools in Latvia participated in the study. The questionnaire used to collect data contained 35 scale items and 3 open answer items which captured the four components of the moral growth process (i.e., understanding, purposefulness, moral crafting, and moral identity). Quantitative data were processed and analysed in MS Excel and SPSS using descriptive statistics: absolute values and percentage frequencies, central tendency indicators (arithmetic mean and mode), and dispersion indicators (standard deviation). The qualitative data (1158 statements from Year 5 pupils and 1284 statements from Year 7 pupils) were analysed and used to illustrate the main trends in respondents’ answers. The results revealed that Latvian pupils have: a high level of understanding of the process of moral character development; a certain maturity in their decision of becoming better persons, which needs to be supported both in the family and at school; a mitigated practical involvement in their own moral development; and a quite strong emerging moral identity. This article offers a unique perspective on Latvian early adolescents’ views on their moral growth. These findings can be particularly useful for parents, teachers, and school leaders who would wish to support pupils’ moral development, and they are also an important contribution to the development and strengthening of moral education in the Latvian education system.
Conversations between Rural Basic School Students, Parents and Teachers about Students’ Learning
Authors:   Liepaja University, Latvia, Pavulena Laura , Pavulens Janis ,   Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, Latvia
Published: June 2023

Students grow up and learn in various changing environments that channel their developmental trajectories, moreover, they are not passive targets of environmental influences, but active participants who receive diverse feedback about their successes and failures. Timely formative feedback about their learning helps students to adjust their goals, plans, and behaviour, as well as develop agency/co-agency, which is one of the most important tasks in lifelong learning during this century. Therefore, it is important to find out how frequent and qualitative is the feedback on students' learning provided by teachers and parents (we refer to parents to denote all caretakers/guardians who make decisions about students education) and received by students. The aim of the study was to find out how conversations between students, parents and teachers about student learning contribute to the learning process in rural basic school. To reach the aim of the study two research questions were raised, and to answer them several research objectives were set; the theoretical basis of conversations about learning and examples of good practice in basic education were found out through analysis of scientific literature and normative documents, as well as a survey of 58 students, 32 parents and 16 teachers was conducted in a Latvian rural basic school. To analyse the differences between subgroups of respondents contingency analysis was used, as well as Mann-Whitney and Spearman's rank correlation coefficients were calculated. The results of the theoretical research and survey confirm the importance of individual student-parent-teacher conversations about student learning in the learning process in basic school, as well as highlight differences (including statistically significant differences) in the understanding of such conversations in different groups of respondents.
Accounting or Finance? The Role of Differential Career Beliefs on Undergraduate Students’ Choices of Major
Authors: Jordan Erin E. , Kaplan Steven E. , Samuels Janet A.
Published: June 2023

This study examines the role of four differential career beliefs on students’ decisions to major in accounting or finance. Differential career beliefs were calculated as the belief about an accounting versus a finance career for the following four career beliefs: interesting work, job security, job variety, and high earnings potential. Students’ background characteristics (such as age, gender, etc.) were included as control variables. A survey was administered to 271 accounting and finance majors enrolled in the first intermediate accounting course. Results indicate that the differential career belief about interesting work had the greatest impact on choices of major and that differential career beliefs about job security and high earnings potential were also significant. Our findings suggest that finance students would be more likely to choose accounting as a major if their beliefs about accounting involving interesting work could be increased.
Prevalence of Human T-Lymphotropic Virus Type 1 (HTLV-1) Infection among Patients with Hematologic Disorders – Serology and Molecular Based Cross- Sectional Study in Khartoum, Sudan
Authors: BM Taher Gorish
Published: June 2023

The human T-cell lymphotropic virus types-1 (HTLV -1) is well-established risk for the developing Hematological malignancies including adult T cell leukemia lymphoma (ATLL). The aim of this study is to evaluate the prevalence of HTLV-1 infection in patients with hematologic malignancies in Khartoum state by using serological and molecular approaches. During the period from April to September 2019 a total of 106 blood samples were obtained from Hematological Malignancy patients including AML, CML, CLL, ALL, MDS and ATLL. The presence of malignancy was confirmed by using IHC, Molecular and cytogenetic studies. Both males and females were included. A volume of 6 ml blood sample was collected from each patient and tested for the presence of anti-HTLV-1 antibodies using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Those with positive serology test were confirmed by detection of Proviral gene by using PCR. Data were analyzed by using spss version 19. The study participants were including 72 (67.9%) males and 34 (32.9%) females. The average age of the study population was 41± 12.4. The result of serology test reveals that out of 106 serum samples examined 7 (6.6%) were positive for HTLV-1 antibody test including 5 males and 2 females. All positive cases were confirmed by PCR and identified with the proviral pX-S gene. Of the HTLV-1 positive cases, three were diagnosed with CML, two were diagnosed with AML in addition to one male patient was diagnosed with ATLL as well as another one male patient diagnosed with CLL. In conclusion, our results show a similar prevalence of HTLV-1 infection in patients with hematologic disorders in comparison to other studies conducted on the African general population. Larger case control based studies with inclusion of more sample size are essential to corroborate the study evidence.