bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CHAOS: A Co-Creation
Authors: Waldron Hannah , Braund Steve
Published: August 2020

This is a critical account of a year-long collaboration between MA Authorial Illustration students and service users of a social services organization and mental healthcare provider, The CHAOS Group (Community Helping All Of Society), with the aim of communicating the journey of those experiencing mental health issues and the efficacy of authorial illustration in promoting wellbeing. Central to the project was the production of the book CHAOS: A Co-Creation, and this article describes the book’s development and the experience of working in the co-creation mode. Drawing upon research methods in narrative and authorial illustration, the article explores the potential of authorial illustration to serve as a tool for benefitting mental health: could an illustrational mindset – one rooted within personal authorship – bring out those personal voices, rekindling a sense of worth and self-esteem? At the heart of the project was the concept of shared creative process, a ‘thinking-through-making’ in which weekly creative sessions allowed each of the participants’ individual voices to emerge and feel empowered through a gradual encouragement to author personal stories. Alongside the fostering of individual authorial voices through illustration, the article describes how, through a non-hierarchical co-creation process, we witnessed a collective empowerment. The article draws upon the recent research-based publication Co-Creation (in France) and draws on the notion from social psychology that there seems to be a sense in which narrative, rather than referring to ‘reality’, may in fact create or constitute it, as when ‘fiction’ creates a ‘world’ of its own: empowering each individual to author their own life-story (: 1–21).
Genetic and non-genetic factors affecting semen production and quality characteristics of Gir cattle breed under semi-arid climate
Authors: Bhave K. G. , Thilak Pon Jawahar K. , Kumarasamy P. , Sivakumar T. , Joseph C. , Shirsath T. , Deshmukh P. , Venkataramanan R.
Published: August 2020

Aim: This study aims to evaluate genetic and non-genetic factors influencing semen production potential of Gir bulls. Materials and Methods: Data on semen quantity (n=6911) and quality (n=466) available from January 2011 to December 2018 at BAIF's frozen semen station, Jind, Haryana, India, were utilized for the study. Factors, namely, season of collection, age at collection, and bull (random effect) were studied for their effect on quantitative and qualitative semen traits. Least square means for the traits were obtained using a general linear model. The effect of age within bull for repeatable traits was analyzed using a longitudinal model with age as the control variable. Multivariate analysis using mixed repeatability model equation was utilized to estimate bull effect correlation (genetic + permanent environmental correlation), phenotypic correlations, and repeatability. Results: The overall least square means of ejaculate volume, sperm concentration, total sperms, initial and post-thaw motility, hypo-osmotic swelling test, and acrosome integrity of frozen semen were 6.62±0.03 ml, 1.22±0.01 109/ml, 8.09±0.05 109/ml ejaculate, 75.78±0.001%, 55.92±0.0001%, 55.13±0.005%, and 71.08±0.001%, respectively. The season of the collection showed a significant effect on volume, concentration, total sperm, and initial motility. The performance of bulls was superior in summer season, followed by winter and monsoon. Increase in semen attributes during summer season was due to the effect of lower temperature on sensitive stages of spermatogenesis. Age at collection had a significant effect on all semen traits. Volume and total sperm count showed increasing trend while concentration showed a decreasing trend with an increase in age. Motility and quality traits did not show any particular pattern. Individual bulls showed differences in all the semen performance traits with age. The repeatability of the traits ranged from 0.04 (HOST) to 0.58 (acrosome integrity). Bull effect correlation ranged from –0.73 (initial motility and acrosome integrity) to 0.93 (HOST and acrosome integrity). Conclusion: Individual bulls showed variation in traits measured over age. The result of the study could be utilized in suggesting suitable management plans to achieve the desired profit by improving semen quality in Gir bulls.
Achievement of full enteral feeding using volume advancement in infants with birth weight 1,000 to <2,000 grams
Authors: Hendrayanti Teti , Ramadanti Afifa , Indrayady Indrayady , Indra Raden Muhammad
Published: August 2020

Background Early enteral feeding is one of the efforts to improve gastrointestinal adaptability in preterm infants. Volume advancement (VA) enteral feeding has been associated with less time to reach full feeding, which can improve outcomes.

Objective To evaluate the duration of VA needed to achieve full enteral feeding (FEF) in low birth weight (LBW) and very low birth weight (VLBW) infants and related factors.

Methods This prospective study was done in infants with birth weight 1,000 to <2,000 grams in the Neonatal Ward and NICU of Dr. Moh. Hoesin General Hospital, Palembang, South Sumatera. All infants underwent VA feeding. The time needed to achieve FEF (150 ml/kg/day) was recorded. Several clinical factors were analyzed for possible associations with the success rate of achieving FEF within 10 days of feeding.

Results Thirty-five infants were included in this study with a mean gestational age of 31.83 (SD 2.67) weeks.  Their median body weight at the start of protocol was 1,400 (range 1,000 – 1,950) grams and 80% had hyaline membrane disease. Median time to achieve FEF was 11 (range 8–21) days, with 48.6% subjects achieving FEF in ≤10 days. Gestational age <32 weeks (OR 5.404, 95%CI 0.963 to 30.341), birth weight <1,500 grams (OR 5.248, 95%CI 0.983 to 28.003), and male (OR 4.751, 95%CI 0.854 to 26.437) gender were associated with the failure of achieving FEF within 10 days of feeding, however, no factors remained statistically significant after multivariate analysis.

Conclusion Full enteral feedings in infants with birth weight 1,000 to <2,000 grams with VA feeding are achieved within a median of 11 days. Gestational age, birth weight, and gender are not associated with time needed to achieve FEF.
Implementation of Dengue Recurrent Shock Prediction Score in pediatric dengue shock syndrome
Authors: Liwan Armand Setiady , Gustawan I Wayan , Gunawijaya Eka , Soetjiningsih Soetjiningsih , Ariawati Ketut , Hartawan I Nyoman Budi
Published: August 2020

Background Global morbidities due to dengue viral infection increase yearly. The pediatric mortality rate from dengue shock syndrome (DSS) remains high. Early identification of the risk of recurrent shock may serve to increase awareness and reduce mortality. The Dengue Recurrent Shock Prediction Score (DRSPS) is a tool to predict recurrent shock in children with DSS, but the optimal cut-off point in our population is still unknown.

Objective To assess the validity of the DRSPS by determining the optimal cut-off point that can be used in Indonesia

Methods This cross-sectional prospective study was done at Sanglah Hospital, Denpasar, Bali, from January 2019. Risk of reccurent shock were classify based on DRSPS in all DSS patient, and they were observed whether they will experienced recurrent shock or not.

Results Of 56 children with DSS, 27 subjects had recurrent shock and 29 subjects did not. The optimal DRSPS cut-off point was -189.9 for predicting recurrent shock, with 87.4% area under the curve (AUC), 81.5% sensitivity and 82.8% specificity.

Conclusion The optimal cut-off point of DRSPS was -189.9 and it has good validity. The results of this study are expected not only to be used as the basis for further study, but to increase physician awareness in treating DSS patients.
Regulatory autonomy and regulatory chill in Opinion 1/17
Authors: Ankersmit Laurens
Published: August 2020

This article analyses the aspect of the Court’s reasoning in Opinion 1/17 that focuses on the regulatory autonomy of the Parties to the Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement (CETA) to decide on levels of protection of public interests. The European Court of Justice’s (ECJ) introduction of regulatory autonomy under EU law coincides with the wider debate around ‘regulatory chill’ under international investment law. This article finds the ECJ’s concept of regulatory autonomy to be narrower than that of the regulatory chill hypothesis put forward by critics of investor-state dispute settlement (ISDS). It further analyses the ECJ’s reasoning that the CETA’s investment tribunals do not have jurisdiction to call into question the levels of protection sought by the EU. In so doing, it will critically evaluate the certainty of the ECJ’s promise that there will be no negative effect on public interest decision-making through CETA’s investment chapter. Finally, it will explore the legal consequences of Opinion 1/17 for future awards and investment agreements.
»Seien Sie sicher, das wird für Sie kränkend sein«
Authors: Pany-Habsa Doris
Published: August 2020

Der Beitrag beschäftigt sich aus einer schreibdidaktischen Perspektive mit der Frage nach dem Ineinandergreifen von kognitiven, affektiven und sozialen Momenten beim wissenschaftlichen Schreiben. Diese Momente werden in der sich zunehmend ausdifferenzierenden schreibdidaktischen Forschung häufig isoliert voneinander betrachtet, wenngleich Konsens über ihre Verschränktheit besteht. Angesichts dieser Forschungslage wird in den letzten Jahren die Erarbeitung integrativer Theoriekonzepte immer wieder als Desiderat benannt. Um diesem Desiderat zu begegnen, wird in dem Beitrag eine interdisziplinäre Öffnung vorgeschlagen und mit der kultursoziologischen Praxistheorie ein möglicher integrativer Zugang zum wissenschaftlichen Schreiben skizziert. Wie sich der praxeologische Ansatz konkret für die schreibdidaktische Forschung produktiv machen lässt, wird anhand eines Essaybands verdeutlicht, in dem Hochschullehrende Studierenden Tipps für das wissenschaftliche Schreiben geben.
Das Schreiben von und über Tanz
Authors: Rieger Rita
Published: August 2020

Rita Rieger widmet sich in ihrem Beitrag dem Verhältnis zwischen Tanzen und Schreiben in zeitgenössischen Tanztexten aus einer philologischen Perspektive. Dazu werden die Begriffe »Choreografie« und »Notation« im Kontext aktueller philologisch-kulturwissenschaftlicher Modelle von Roland Barthes, Rüdiger Campe und Martin Stingelin untersucht und anhand Anne Teresa De Keersmaeker und Bojana Cvejics »Drumming & Rain: A Choreographer's Score« (2014) exemplarisch erläutert.
Die Corona-Pandemie
Authors: Dörre Klaus
Published: August 2020

Der Beitrag skizziert eine politische Ökonomie der Corona-Pandemie. In Anlehnung an Fernand Braudel betrachtet er die Seuche als einen »äußeren Stoß«, der auf Strukturen von langer Dauer verweist. Hinter Pandemie und nachfolgender Rezession verbirgt sich jedoch eine tieferliegende Krise. Diese resultiert aus dem ökonomisch-ökologischen Zangengriff, der die reichen Gesellschaften des Nordens gefangen hält. Bei der Pandemie und der sich anschließenden Rezession handelt es sich um repulsive Wirkungen einer Hyperglobalisierung, die sukzessiv ihre eigenen Voraussetzungen untergräbt. Es gibt jedoch keinen Corona-Determinismus. Spontan wird die Seuche keineswegs zu einem »Build Back Better« führen. Eine solche Weichenstellung erfordert glaubwürdige, klar umrissene Alternativen, vor allem aber soziale Kräfte und politische Akteure, die anvisierte Veränderungen durchsetzen. Mit allgemeinen Appellen an die Eliten ist deshalb nicht viel gewonnen. Der Beitrag empfiehlt stattdessen eine präzise Analyse jener Hemmnisse, die eine Nachhaltigkeitsrevolution blockieren. Er spricht sich für neue institutionelle Arrangements aus, zu denen Wirtschaftsdemokratie und Nachhaltigkeitsräte gehören sollen.
investigação histórica nas aulas de História da Educação Básica
Authors: Silva Júnior Astrogildo Fernandes da Silva Júnior Astrogildo , Santos Franciele Amaral Rodrigues dos Santos Amaral
Published: August 2020

Este texto apresenta resultados parciais de um projeto de pesquisa de iniciação científica que teve como objetivo geral analisar o potencial das diferentes fontes e linguagens da cultura contemporânea (filmes, canções, quadrinhos, obras de ficção, poesias, Internet, documentos, história oral, dentre outros) no processo de ensino e aprendizagem em história, particularmente, o papel destes na formação cidadã de jovens estudantes. De forma específica, são apresentadas algumas reflexões sobre uma das intervenções didáticas realizadas em turmas do nono ano do ensino fundamental, visando relacionar aspectos da história local com a história nacional. Para o desenvolvimento dessas atividades, optamos por utilizar jornais locais de diferentes épocas como fonte. Concluiu-se que experiências como essa possibilita a constituição do saber histórico dos estudantes.
Construção do currículo da disciplina Filosofia na Escola de Educação Básica da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia – Eseba/UFU
Authors: Castro Luciana Xavier , Gonçalves e Silva Kaique Aparecido , Sousa Rones Aureliano de
Published: August 2020

Este relato de experiência apresenta uma reflexão sistematizada acerca da inserção da disciplina de Filosofia desde o 1º ano do ensino fundamental por entender que eta é uma área do conhecimento essencial para a formação do pensamento crítico e reflexivo. Deste modo, auxilia o indivíduo no bem pensar para o reto agir. Diferencia a Filosofia de outros saberes e reflete sobre seu surgimento na Grécia Antiga até chegar à contemporaneidade, quando se tornou uma disciplina escolar. Aborda a situação da disciplina no período da Ditadura Militar e das leis que, ora retiram, ora inserem a disciplina no currículo da Educação Básica. Apresenta também que, assim como o filósofo norte-americano Matthew Lipman, criador do programa de Filosofia para Crianças, os autores deste relato trabalham em prol dessa disciplina e se preocuparam em desenvolver nas crianças, desde o primeiro ano do ensino fundamental,  conhecimentos básicos do universo da Filosofia. Por não concordarmos plenamente com as ideias e práticas propostas por Lipman, este trabalho apresenta o percurso da criação do currículo de Filosofia para ser utilizado na Escola de Educação Básica da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, M.G.
Medicalização da infância
Authors: Teodoro Jaqueline da Silva , Cruz Luciana Aparecida Nogueira da
Published: August 2020

O uso de medicamentos, em especial o metilfenidato, por crianças diagnosticadas com transtornos de comportamento e/ou de aprendizagem, cresce, exageradamente, no Brasil. Neste estudo, apresentamos o resultado de uma pesquisa bibliográfica de artigos sobre a medicalização da infância, publicados entre 2002 e 2017. Selecionamos trinta artigos, destacando o ano de publicação, as revistas, as áreas de pesquisa dos autores e seus posicionamentos quanto à indicação e/ou ao uso de psicofármacos por crianças com diagnósticos frutos de queixas de problemas escolares. Nessas análises descritivas buscamos quais são as contribuições das publicações para a Educação. Os resultados indicaram que 90% dos trabalhos têm pelo menos um autor da área da Psicologia.  Todos os autores dos artigos selecionados fizeram críticas à patologização e à medicalização das crianças como forma de escamotear fatores sociais. Diante dos indicadores obtidos, conclui-se que há necessidade de mais reflexões problematizando o fenômeno, além de discussões que busquem a superação da medicalização da infância. É imprescindível que profissionais da Educação compreendam as causas e consequências desse fenômeno.
Busca de vestígios e sinais de um professor em formação experiencial
Authors: Ferreira Gustavo , Gastal Maria Luiza , Avanzi Maria Rita
Published: August 2020

Interpretamos duas narrativas autobiográficas de um dos autores do artigo, buscando responder às questões: Como esse contar sobre a história vida de um professor colabora para a formação docente? Que contribuições a abordagem (auto)biográfica e a hermenêutica trazem às narrativas e à formação de professores? Na interpretação das narrativas utilizamos a noção de tempo de Ricoeur (2010) e de aprendizagens experienciais de Josso (2010). As histórias estão preenchidas por imagens-vestígios e imagens-sinais. Na narrativa, a memória resgata do passado imagens-vestígios enquanto que a expectativa evoca acontecimentos que ainda não existem na forma de imagens-sinais, antecipando o futuro. Então, o brincar de ser professor na infância funcionou como uma imagem-vestígio que a memória do narrador resgatou no presente. Ao ser trazida para as narrativas, essa brincadeira antecipou um futuro que está presente, sua condição de professor. Como conclusão encontramos que: a) os estudos (auto)biográficos podem favorecer a reflexão do professor, de modo que se volte sobre sua própria história de vida e possa tornar-se sujeito de sua formação; b) pela escrita das narrativas o sujeito ganha existência, sintoniza-se com a sua história, atualizando-a, revisitando imagens de um tempo vivido consigo mesmo, com outras pessoas e em diferentes contextos.
Política pública de formação de professores e os desafios do Parfor para a área da música
Authors: Araújo Andersonn Henrique
Published: August 2020

Este ensaio estuda o Programa Nacional de Formação de Professores da Educação Básica (Parfor) mais em específico a formação de professores em música. Nosso objetivo foi discutir o Programa como uma ação dentro da macropolítica pública brasileira refletindo sobre os desafios que envolvem o fazer musical. Para tanto, utilizamos a reflexão de nossa prática enquanto professor do Parfor no Campus Avançado da UERN na cidade de Pau dos Ferros/RN. Para interpretação desses dados foi feita pesquisa de referenciais na área de Música e Políticas Públicas. Como resultado, percebemos que a articulação entre a macropolítica e a ação do Parfor pode promover diferentes perspectivas de ensino ao passo que tanto o ensino de Música quanto o Programa possuem características singulares.
Current concept of the pathophysiology of migraine and new targets for its therapy
Authors: Tabeeva G. R. , Katsapava Z.
Published: August 2020

Migraine is a common chronic neurological disease. Many neurogenic, vascular, autonomic, and other mechanisms at different levels of the central and peripheral nervous systems are assumed to be implicated in the pathophysiology of headache and other manifestations of migraine. Advances in understanding the neurobiology of migraine have made it possible to clarify the main patterns of neurogenic-vascular relationships that explain the leading clinical manifestations of migraine, as well as to identify some biological markers that have triggered the creation of new targeted therapies for the disease. This review is dedicated to the latest advances in studying the pathophysiology of migraine and to new pharmacological approaches to its treatment.
Trigeminal neuropathy following orthognathic surgery
Authors: Tanashyan M. M. , Maksimova M. Yu. , Ivanov S. Yu. , Musaeva E. M. , Fedin P. A.
Published: August 2020

Traumatic trigeminal neuropathy occupies a special place in the pain continuum. The clarification of genesis and clinical and neurophysiological findings makes it possible to perform differentiation treatment.

Objective: to evaluate the clinical and neurophysiological efficiency of repetitive magnetic stimulation (RMS) and vitamin B complex therapy for traumatic trigeminal neuropathy.

Patients and methods. The investigation enrolled 36 patients (26 women and 10 men) aged 25 to 35 years with inferior alveolar neuropathy following bilateral sagittal split osteotomy. The DN4 questionnaire was used to identify a neurogenic pain component. The intensity of pain syndrome was assessed using a visual analogue scale. A neurophysiological examination involving the recording of brainstem auditory evoked potentials (BAEPs) and trigeminal evoked potentials (TEPs) was made using a Neuro-MEP device (Neurosoft, Russia). Therapy including vitamin B complex was performed in 12 patients. Twenty-four patients received low-frequency pulsed magnetic field therapy using a Neuro-MS magnetic stimulator.

Results and discussion. The clinical picture in patients with traumatic inferior alveolar neuropathy after corrective mandible surgery is characterized by the polymorphism of pain sensations and sensory disorders. The development of pain syndrome is due to a neuropathic component. The 10-day vitamin group B therapy cycle had no substantial impact on the time course of clinical and neurophysiological changes. After the 10-day RMS cycle, there were reductions in swelling and the intensity of pain syndrome and the severity of sensory disorders in the lower lip, chin, and mandible. The data on BAEPs showed shortening in the interpeak intervals III–V; those on TEPs demonstrated a decrease in the P1–N1 amplitude.

Conclusion. Unlike vitamin B complex therapy, the RMS cycle in patients with traumatic trigeminal neuropathy makes it possible to reduce the intensity of pain syndrome and the severity of sensory disorders, as well as excitability of the nonspecific structures of the brainstem and the central structures of the trigeminal system.
The Effect of Corporate Characteristics on Capital Structure in Indonesia
Authors: Albart Nicko , Sinaga Bonar Marulitua , Santosa Perdana Wahyu , Andati Trias
Published: August 2020

This study aims to determine the effect of corporate characteristics on the company's capital structure, which plays a fundamental role in the proportion of debt and equity financing risks. The research method used is purposive sampling. This research's population is non-financial issuers listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange with quarterly data for the period of 2010-2017. The analysis is performed using panel data with six independent variables and two control variables. The results of this study indicate that profitability and institutional ownership have a negative effect on capital structure. In contrast, market ratios, firm size, and managerial ownership have a positive effect on capital structure. Debt decision making must consider financial and ownership characteristics, especially if there is institutional or government ownership in the company because company characteristics have a significant effect on the company's capital structure.
Shareholders and Firm Value for Manufacturing Companies Listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange
Authors: Santoso Muhammad Rifky , Muda Iskandar
Published: August 2020

Domestic institutional shareholders and foreign shareholders differently influence firm value. Using panel data from the manufacturing company listed in the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX), from 2014 to 2017, and regression analysis, these types of shareholders have a positive and significant impact on the firm value with an inverted U-shaped. The influence of domestic institutional share-holders to the firm value is more significant than that of the foreign shareholder indicated by the coefficient value from the regression results. The best combination of shareholders to obtain the optimum firm value are the domestic institutional shareholder no more than 35.26 percent and the foreign shareholder no more than 47.61 percent. The greater share ownership will increase shareholder intervention and benefit the majority shareholder. Effective monitoring improvements are needed so that the majority of shareholder intervention can be reduced.
Disrupted Coordination of Hypoglossal Motor Control in a Mouse Model of Pediatric Dysphagia in DiGeorge/22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome
Authors: Wang Xin , Popratiloff Anastas , Motahari Zahra , LaMantia Anthony-Samuel , Mendelowitz David
Published: August 2020

We asked whether the physiological and morphologic properties of hypoglossal motor neurons (CNXII MNs) that innervate protruder or retractor tongue muscles are disrupted in neonatalLgDelmice that carry a heterozygous deletion parallel to that associated with DiGeorge/22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS). Disrupted coordination of tongue movement inLgDelmouse pups may contribute to suckling, feeding, and swallowing (S/F/S) disruptions that parallel pediatric dysphagia in infants and toddlers with 22q11.2DS. Using anin vitrorhythmically active medullary slice preparation, we found spontaneous firing as well as IPSC frequency differed significantly in neonatalLgDelversus wild-type (WT) protruder and retractor CNXII MNs that were identified by retrograde tracing from their target muscles. In response to respiration-related activity, initiation and decay of transiently increased firing in WT protruder MNs is delayed inLgDel, accompanied by altered excitatory/inhibitory (E/I) balance. In addition,LgDelretractor MNs have a transient increase in firing with diminished IPSC frequency that is not seen in WT. There were no significant differences in cell body volume of either XII class in WT andLgDel. Sholl analysis showed the total numbers of dendritic intersections (at 50- and 90-μm radii from the cell soma) were significantly greater forLgDelversus WT retractor MNs. Thus, the physiological, synaptic and cellular properties of distinct classes of CNXII MNs that coordinate tongue movement in neonatal WT mice are altered inLgDel. Such changes could contribute to sub-optimal coordination of S/F/S that underlies pediatric dysphagia in 22q11.2DS.
Variation in sensitivity and rate of change in body composition: steps toward individualizing transgender care
Authors: van Velzen Daan M , Nota Nienke M , Simsek Suat , Conemans Elfi B , T’Sjoen Guy , den Heijer Martin
Published: August 2020

Objective

Transgender individuals sometimes report a lack of physical change during hormone treatment, such as alterations in muscle tone or fat distribution. Identifying characteristics of this subgroup could be a step toward individualizing hormone therapy in transgender individuals. Therefore, we study the variation of changes in body composition and characteristics associated with a lack of change.

Design and methods:

Body composition measures were recorded in 323 transmen and 288 transwomen at every visit from the start of hormone therapy to a maximum of 24 months follow-up. Absence of change was defined as transmen with a decrease in lean body mass or transwomen with a decrease in fat percentage.

Results

A lack of change at 24 months was observed in 19 of 94 (20.2%) transmen and in 9 of 96 (9.4%) transwomen. The risk of not achieving change in body composition was related to lower testosterone levels and less suppression of LH in transmen (OR: 0.67, 95% CI: 0.48–0.94 per SD increase in testosterone and OR: 1.36, 95% CI: 1.01–1.83 per SD increase in LH).

Conclusions:

There is a large variation in body composition changes during hormone therapy, with a substantial proportion of individuals with no measurable effects. In transmen, serum testosterone and LH were associated with a lack of change, but serum hormone levels were not associated with body composition changes in transwomen. The results provide a rationale for individualizing hormone therapy in transmen, by considering individual effects rather than solely relying on a standardized dosage of hormone therapy.
Construction of Pseudomolecules for the Chinese Chestnut (Castanea mollissima) Genome
Authors: Wang Jinping , Tian Shoule , Sun Xiaoli , Cheng Xinchao , Duan Naibin , Tao Jihan , Shen Guangning
Published: August 2020

The Chinese chestnut (Castanea mollissima Bl.) is a woody nut crop with a high ecological value. Although many cultivars have been selected from natural seedlings, elite lines with comprehensive agronomic traits and characters remain rare. To explore genetic resources with aid of whole genome sequence will play important roles in modern breeding programs for chestnut. In this study, we generated a high-quality C. mollissima genome assembly by combining 90× Pacific Biosciences long read and 170× high-throughput chromosome conformation capture data. The assembly was 688.93 Mb in total, with a contig N50 of 2.83 Mb. Most of the assembled sequences (99.75%) were anchored onto 12 chromosomes, and 97.07% of the assemblies were accurately anchored and oriented. A total of 33,638 protein-coding genes were predicted in the C. mollissima genome. Comparative genomic and transcriptomic analyses provided insights into the genes expressed in specific tissues, as well as those associated with burr development in the Chinese chestnut. This highly contiguous assembly of the C. mollissima genome provides a valuable resource for studies aiming at identifying and characterizing agronomical-important traits, and will aid the design of breeding strategies to develop more focused, faster, and predictable improvement programs.
Experimental Evolution of Bacillus subtilis Reveals the Evolutionary Dynamics of Horizontal Gene Transfer and Suggests Adaptive and Neutral Effects
Authors: Slomka Shai , Françoise Itamar , Hornung Gil , Asraf Omer , Biniashvili Tammy , Pilpel Yitzhak , Dahan Orna
Published: August 2020

In this work, Slomka et al. have evolved the naturally competent B. subtilis in the lab, in the presence or absence of foreign genomic DNA. They examine the effects of foreign DNA acquisition on the growth.....
Pregnancy in Women with Congenital Heart Disease: A Guide for the General Cardiologist
Authors: Weinberg Catherine R , Ahmad Amier , Li Boyangzi , Halpern Dan G
Published: August 2020

Remarkable advances in the care and survival of congenital heart disease (CHD) patients have led to increasing numbers of young women with CHD who carry a pregnancy with significant risk. The profound hemodynamic changes that naturally occur during gestation may unmask CHD or exacerbate an existing condition and place both the woman and fetus in jeopardy. The caring cardiologist should be familiar with the specific lesion and anticipate complications. Pregestational counseling and a multidisciplinary team approach during pregnancy are key for a successful pregnancy and favorable outcomes. In this review we discuss the evaluation of the expecting CHD patient and focus on the commonly encountered lesions.
Tierras en disputa. El traslado de los pueblos de indios de Melipilla, Chile, siglos XVIII-XIX
Authors: Goicovic Igor , Armijo Andrea
Published: August 2020

La conflictividad social y política en torno a los pueblos de indios de Melipilla ubicados en el valle central de Chile fue constante a lo largo del siglo XVIII. La conflictividad se inició con el desplazamiento de los indígenas de Melipilla hacia el río Maipo tras la fundación de la villa de San José de Logroño en el año 1742, luego, a lo largo del siglo XVIII, los indígenasde Melipilla convivieron con nuevos proyectos de traslados y reducciones de tierras fomentados por la administración colonial y posteriormente por el Gobierno patriota de principios delsiglo XIX. Sin embargo, los traslados forzosos hacia otros pueblos de indios provocaron que con el tiempo se tensionaran las relaciones de convivencia entre los pueblos, pero a su vez,promovieron la resistencia de la población hacia las autoridades locales. Este trabajo se propone analizar los traslados e intentos de traslado de pueblos de indios en el partido de Melipillaen el ciclo que se extiende entre 1750 y 1818 e identificar las manifestaciones de resistencia y adaptación desplegadas por las comunidades indígenas y autoridades locales. El estudio sesustenta con documentación proveniente de los fondos Capitanía General, Judicial y Notarios de Melipilla resguardados en el Archivo Histórico Nacional de Chile.
Diego Navarro, deportado en la Alemania nazi. Transcripción de su reconocimiento deportado-resistente
Authors: Rodríguez-Hernández Juan Pedro
Published: August 2020

El presente artículo transcribe de manera crítica la documentación de la petición de reconocimiento de Resistente, Interno y Deportado, de Diego Navarro, español miembro activo de la Resistencia Francesa en el grupo de maquis Bir Hakeim. Capturado y torturado por los alemanes fue deportado al campo de concentración de Dachau en dónde sobrevivió. Cerca de diez mil españoles, hombres y mujeres, fueron prisioneros en los campos de concentración del Nazismo. Los supervivientes, en su mayor parte, rehicieron su vidaen Francia. Tras una breve introducción sobre el campo de concentración de Dachau y el subcampo de Allach, se analiza el marco legislativo de los reconocimientos y de maneraconcreta la documentación de Diego Navarro que incluye también documentos vinculados a la solicitud de nacionalidad francesa.
Beyond the novelty effect: EFL learners' attitudes towards ICT use in the classroom
Authors: Kopinska Marta
Published: August 2020

The present study explores high school students' (aged 16–17) attitudes towards the use of technology Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in the English as foreign language (EFL) classroom. While digital competence has become one of the core skills in our society, ICT is gaining more presence in the EFL teaching and learning. However, it is not widespread in the mainstream education, as it is the case of Spain, especially at high school level. There is also still some reticence on the part of the teachers to let the ICT be part and parcel of their daily practice. Since adolescents often experience a motivational drop as far as learning a foreign language (FL) in school setting is concerned, EFL teachers should promote the integration of ICT in classroom activities, as research has shown that technology-supported activities may contribute to engaging students in the process of learning a FL and act as a motivating factor. This paper examines 77 EFL learners' responses to a questionnaire administered before and after the implementation of an 18-month ICT-based intervention in their classroom. The main findings reveal that attitudes towards technology were positive and they were maintained beyond the possible “novelty effect”, which supports the claims in favor of ICT's integration in EFL teaching.
An original person of the Hungarian pedagogy: Sandor Karacsony
Authors: Kocsis Judit Bognarne
Published: August 2020

Sandor Karacsony (1891–1952) is a prominent figure in Hungarian pedagogy, in his educational work, and writings; he combined Reformed theology and education science theory. Karacsony interpreted the reform pedagogical responsibility (playfulness, experience-oriented education, etc.) principles, and studied that it referred to the different ages, e.g., the role and prospects of autonomy. However, for example, respecting the other people, placing the individual development into the center, creating benevolent atmosphere, etc., can be explained with his Calvinistic conviction as well (Karacsony, 1995, 2004). According to Karacsony, the joined development of body and soul is recognizable, we always have to look at the whole person. His conception has a lot of similarities with the dialectical conceptualization of Hubert Henz, Ernst Christian Trapp, and Friedrich Daniel Ernst Schleiermacher, furthermore with Dilthey, Nohl, and Wilhelm Flitner’s pedagogical fundamental relation, communication-centered theory. Examining Sandor Karacsony’s findings on education, it can be stated that he speaks not so much about education but rather collaboration and a sharing of life. In short, the general aim of the upbringing is the increase and the finding of what is possible only with relating and common language.
Challenges for migrant educational integration in different European welfare systems
Authors: Zambeta Evie
Published: August 2020

This paper deals with migration policy in Europe, a highly debated and disputed topic, which is the common concern of the authors of this thematic issue. We argue that social policies and welfare systems are key parameters in the global governance of mobility, attracting, directing, or containing migration flows. Education, as a crucial social policy, plays an essential role not only in the process of social integration of migrants in host societies, but also in the process of governance of mobility. Different education policies represent strategies utilized on the part of the states, aiming at integration, segregation or discouragement of mobility, thus reflecting wider migration policy in contemporary European societies.
Border politics, the “hostile environment” for migration, and education in the UK
Authors: Candappa Mano
Published: August 2020

In the age of globalization, states exercise their sovereignty through the control of their physical and material borders. The perceived “migration crisis” of recent years has driven states in the Global North such as the UK, to increasingly fortify their borders, with policies fueled by popular anti-immigration rhetoric and panics around high levels of inward migration. This article documents and examines the power technologies and regimes of immigration practice known as the “hostile environment” as a field of conflict and struggle. The paper draws on Theresa May’s speech as then Home Secretary outlining the “hostile environment,” and news reports and commentaries detailing the enactment of these policy technologies. Of particular interest is the positioning of education within “hostile environment” regimes of practices, where we find the school weaponized for border control purposes. The paper concludes with considering what we as educators should be doing to counteract hostile forces against migrants and migration, so as to create more critical and compassionate individuals.
Developing and examining a virtual learning environment
Authors: Kristóf Zsolt , Tóth Kitti
Published: August 2020

Virtual reality (VR) provides several potentials to unlock in today’s world. VR is a computer interface that allows users to interact with each other or with the media in a computer-generated three-dimensional space using senses (Piovesan, Passerino, & Pereira, 2012). One of the most important VR environment is Second Life. It provides both for educators and students the opportunity to deviate from the habits, to leave the traditional framework of teaching and learning (Chen, 2016). In our research, we created a virtual learning environment in the Second Life that is called Fornax. The devices placed in the area were intended to provide a thorough introduction to the different parts of the digestive system. In a virtual space, students can easily learn about human organs, as they also can see what they are learning, which can be a huge help in acquiring information (Huang, Liaw, & Lai, 2016). Based on the results, we could state that test results of users who are more familiar with Second Life are significantly better respondents than the beginner users. However, one of the four types of questions that of multiple choices with short answers provided the same result.
Teacher burnout in the light of workplace, organizational, and social factors
Authors: Szabo Eva , Jagodics Balazs
Published: August 2020

Background and aims

We studied teacher burnout and its relationship with job demands and resources, collective self-efficacy, and social support. Previous studies indicate that the factors of burnout (depersonalization, emotional exhaustion, and reduced personal accomplishment) develop in work environment where demands exceed resources, and where social support and collective self-efficacy are both perceived to be low.

Methods

Online survey method was used (N = 664) in this study. Organizational and social context was measured using the job demands and resources model, and measuring perceived collective self-efficacy of the workplace and social support of the coworkers.

Results

Based on the results of correlation analysis, different types of job demands are associated positively with burnout, while job resources, collective self-efficacy, and social support prove to have negative relationship with burnout. The ratio of demands and resources (workload index) also has a strong link to burnout scores. Using linear regression analysis to build a model revealed professional social support, possibility of personal development and job demands as significant predictors of burnout.

Discussion

These findings emphasize the importance of professional social support in the prevention of burnout. The results indicate that training programs which strengthen social support between coworkers are much needed, and that school psychologists can help teachers to develop more supportive communities.
The relationship between sprint performance and both lower and upper extremity explosive strength in young soccer players
Authors: Diker Gürken , Müniroğlu Sürhat , Ön Sadi , Özkamçı Hüseyin , Darendeli Abdulkerim
Published: August 2020

Background and Study Aim. Sprint performance plays a major role in success of field-based team sports such as soccer. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between sprinting performance and both lower and upper extremity explosive strength in young soccer players.

Material and Methods. One hundred forty-seven soccer players (mean±SD; age 11.6±1.66 years, height 143.2±11.8 cm, body mass 37.1±10.2 kg and training experience 1.11±1.5 years) voluntarily participated in this study. The sprinting performance of each player was determined using their 5, 10, 20 and 30m single sprint times. The lower and upper extremity explosive strength were evaluated by standing long jump and medicine ball throwing tests respectively. Prior to the study, each of the players was given detailed information about the risks and injuries they could encounter during the study, and parental consent was obtained by their signatures on informed voluntary consent forms since the subjects were under the age of 18. Permission to conduct the study was obtained from Ankara University Medical Faculty’s Surgical and Medical Research Ethics Committee.

Results. The results indicated a strong relationship between sprinting performance and horizontal jump performance (r=-.671 ̶ -.764; p=0.001) and also a large relationship between sprinting performance and upper extremity strength (r=-.633  ̶  -.703; p=0.001). The sprint performance (n=147) also significantly correlated with body weight (r=-.345  ̶  -.373; p=0.001) and height (r=-.445  ̶  -.505; p=0.001).

Conclusions. The study results suggest that upper extremity strength is as important as the lower extremity strength for sprinting performance and that trainers should emphasize lower and upper extremity strength in training intended to improve sprinting performance.
Issues Regarding the Use of the Policy Rate Tool
Authors: Campbell Jeffrey , Zarutskie Rebecca , King Thomas B. , Orlik Anna
Published: August 2020

We review two nonstandard uses of the policy rate tool, which provide additional stimulus when interest rates are close to or at the effective lower bound—forward guidance and negative interest rate policy. In particular, we survey the use of these tools since the start of the Great Recession, review evidence of their effectiveness, and discuss key considerations that confront monetary policymakers while using them.
Issues in the Use of the Balance Sheet Tool
Authors: Carlson Mark , D'Amico Stefania , Fuentes-Albero Cristina , Schlusche Bernd , Wood Paul
Published: August 2020

This paper considers various ways of using balance sheet policy (BSP) to provide monetary policy stimulus, including the BSPs put in place by the Federal Reserve in the wake of the Global Financial Crisis, the choice between fixed-size and flow-based asset purchase programs, policies targeting interest rate levels rather than the quantity of asset purchases, and programs aimed at increasing more direct lending to households and firms. For each of these BSP options, we evaluate benefits and costs. We conclude by observing that BSPs’ relative effectiveness and thus optimal configuration will depend on the shocks affecting the economy. Consequently, it would be valuable for the Federal Reserve to keep a variety of tools at its disposal and employ the ones that best fit the situation that it faces.
Os efeitos do Functional Fascial Taping (FFT) associado a fisioterapia convencional na funcionalidade do joelho: um estudo quase-experimental
Authors: Santos Soraia Suellen Silva dos , Araújo Ana Paula Monteiro de , Silva Maria Clara Raiol da , Melo Renata Amanajás de , Pontes Lucieny da Silva , Brito Ana Julia Cunha , Cardoso Dias Biatriz Araújo , Dias George Alberto da Silva
Published: August 2020

INTRODUÇÃO: O Functional Fascial Taping (FFT) é uma técnica de aplicação de bandagem rígida objetivando estimular o alinhamento estrutural das fibras de colágeno da fáscia muscular, desobstruindo a passagem dos fluidos assegurando assim sua função. OBJETIVO: Avaliar os efeitos do FFT associado a Fisioterapia convencional nas disfunções crônicas no joelho baseado nas variáveis intensidade da dor, amplitude de movimento, força e flexibilidade muscular. METODOLOGIA: Tratou-se de um estudo quase-experimental realizado com 10 pacientes de ambos os gêneros e sintomatologia de dor e limitação funcional, estando em tratamento fisioterapêutico. Todos os pacientes foram submetidos a avaliação cinético-funcional, incluindo dados de dor, amplitude de movimento, força e flexibilidade muscular. A aplicação do FFT foi padronizada, onde primeiro identificou-se os vetores, seguido da aplicação do tape hipoalergênico. Depois aplicou-se três tiras de bandagem rígida, então, recobriu-se com o tape hipoalergênico novamente. A aplicação da bandagem ocorreu três vezes por semana, totalizando 10 sessões. RESULTADOS: Houve redução nos níveis de dor de mediana 10,0 cm para 2,0 cm ao final das 10 sessões (Z=2,6; p=0,007). Aumentou a força muscular para extensão do joelho com mediana inicial de 4,0 para final de 4,0 (Z=2,0; p=0,04). A amplitude de movimento para flexão (Mediana: de 102,5° para 110,0°, Z=2,3, p=0,01) e flexibilidade muscular (Mediana: de 5,0 cm para 0,0 cm, Z=2,0, p=0,04) também melhorou significavamente. CONCLUSÃO: O FFT pode ser utilizado como coadjuvante no tratamento de desordens no joelho, tanto ortopédicas quanto reumáticas, auxiliando a manutenção de uma mecânica funcional equilibrada, o que favorece a redução no quadro álgico, aumento no arco de movimento e melhora na força e flexibilidade muscular.
A composição corporal está associada com o risco de quedas e medo de cair em pacientes em hemodiálise
Authors: Ribeiro Heitor , Carvalho Helton , Dourado Gustavo Ítalo , Almeida Lucas , Duarte Marvery , Gadelha André , Inda-Filho Antônio , Ferreira Aparecido
Published: August 2020

INTRODUÇÃO: Pacientes com doença renal crônica (DRC) submetidos à hemodiálise (HD) apresentam alterações musculoesqueléticas e de composição corporal que podem levar à redução do equilíbrio, velocidade de caminhada e capacidade de realizar as atividades de vida diária, aumentando o risco de quedas. OBJETIVO: associar o risco de quedas, medo de cair e composição corporal em pacientes com DRC submetidos à HD. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: estudo transversal com amostra de 40 pacientes em HD. Para o medo de cair e risco de quedas foram aplicados a Escala Internacional de Eficácia de Quedas e o QuickScreen Clinical Falls Risk Assessment. A amostra foi estratificada no percentil 50 para comparação da composição corporal de acordo com o risco de quedas e medo de cair. Para comparação entre os grupos, empregou-se o teste t de Student independente, e a correlação de Spearman para associar o risco de quedas e medo de cair com a composição corporal. O nível de significância adotado foi de p<0,05. RESULTADOS: correlação moderada positiva entre a gordura corporal com o medo de cair (r=0,47) e risco de quedas (r=0,42) e correlação moderada negativa entre a massa magra com o medo de cair (r=-0,51) e risco de quedas (r=-0,45). O grupo com maior risco de quedas apresentou maior gordura corporal (36,8±8,2 vs 30,9±6,9; p=0,043). O grupo com maior medo de cair obteve menor massa magra (41,6±9,2 vs 52,0±7,6; p=0,004). CONCLUSÃO: as variáveis de composição corporal associaram-se ao risco de quedas e ao medo de cair em pacientes com DRC submetidos à HD.