bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
الانعكاسات السياسية والاقتصادية لخطة مارشال الصينية على العالم العربي
Authors: عبيد م.م.علي عباس
Published: October 2022

اخذت الصين تتجه نحو بناء أكبر قوة اقتصادية في العالم، فماذا يعني ذلك اقتصاديا وسياسيا لاوربا وامريكا والشرق الاوسط والعالم العربي؟ ان هذا المشروع المسمى بمشروع مارشال الصيني التوسعي هو احياء لطريق الحرير القديم وبشكل جديد وهو يمثل طموحات الشعب الصيني ورئيسها شي جين بينغ ببناء طريق نقل من اسيا الى اوربا وخطة سكة حديد لنقل البضائع ، فهي تربط قارات العالم تجاريا والمحرك الاساس للسياسة الصينية داخلياً وخارجياً، ويأتي الغرض من ذلك في تطوير انموذج النمو الاقتصادي والتوسع في الاسواق الجديدة والترويج للعملة الصينية وتوسيع النفوذ الاقتصادي والسياسي في المناطق التي تشملها المبادرة الصينية، وهذا قد يشكل تهديدا للدول الكبرى ولا سيما وان نجاح المبادرة يعتمد على مبادئ الحوار والثقة المتبادلة بين الصين والدول المشاركة فيها ومبدأ تكافؤ الفرص في توزيع الاستثمارات على هذه الدول، وبروز اهمية المشروع الصيني يعود الى حاجة العالم للاستقرار والامن والتعايش السلمي بعيدا عن الازمات الاقتصادية التي تعيشها اوربا او النزاعات المسلحة التي تمر بها الدول العربية، وبذلك فأن المبادرة  توفر فرصة وهي مشروع اقتصادي ضخم وعالمي يحقق مكاسب مشتركة بين الدول المشاركة فيه .
Transfiguring Depression: Personal and Collective Identity in Cioran’s Interwar Writings
Authors: Firică Ștefan
Published: October 2022

Comparative research conducted recently proves that the antimodernist national characterologies produced by interwar authors from the mesoregion make up a transnational genre. This article looks into the texts of the young Romanian Emil Cioran, a prominent writer of the group, in order to support two lines of argument. First, that it is topical for researchers to consider the ways in which these authors construe the relationship between personal and collective identity, since their historical discourses often draw on narratives of authenticity or self-actualization. Psychological and political patterns can merge, and we will examine how the semantic field of mental depression imbues Cioran’s ideological vision. Second, we will illustrate the pivotal role played by the metaphor of the “leap” in his discourse. Finally, the inclusion of literary studies in the analysis of national characterologies is advocated in the spirit of identity research after the narrativist turn.
Information services with cooperative methods to improve student's self autonomy
Authors: Marisa Cindy , Utami Sri
Published: October 2022

The industrial revolution 4.0 requires creative, productive and competitive individuals. These personal criteria require the ability to be able to manage and make decisions independently to be accountable. Self-autonomy is the ability of individuals to regulate themselves so they are able to plan to evaluate the activities carried out appropriately. In adolescence, guidance and guidance is needed by an expert who is able to provide understanding, efforts to prevent negative conditions, and efforts to develop and maintain positive conditions related to self-autonomy. Information services are able to provide students with insight and knowledge related to autonomy, so students are able to utilize the information for their own development needs. Integrated with the cooperative method, in addition to being able to provide information indirectly it also trains students in developing their autonomy in group activities. In this study, we want to know the effectiveness and how much the contribution of information services with cooperative methods in increasing students' self-autonomy. We involved 11 students in this experiment. Based on the analyzed data, it proves that information services using the cooperative method are significantly effective in increasing student autonomy. So that it can be a reference for school counselors to be able to develop themselves students, especially in terms of self-autonomy. And also equip students to be ready to face the industrial revolution 4.0
Mengukur Kesiapan Orang Tua Siswa Terhadap Pembelajaran Online Menggunakan Chapnick ELR
Authors: Suwela Nandang , Ismailah Ismailah , Setiawan Heri Satria
Published: October 2022

Since the determination of the Corona Virus or Covid-19 outbreak as a pandemic by the government, there have been some major changes in living daily life in Indonesia. Almost all activities are carried out online, including teaching and learning activities which are referred to as Distance Learning (PJJ). The PJJ model is a new way of learning in Indonesia, this certainly has  an impact, both on students and on parents. This research is a descriptive study that describes the opinions of the parents of students of Al-Azhar 2 Islamic Elementary School, Pasar Minggu with 20 % random sampling technique or 106 parents of all students' parents totaling + 540 people. This study used a closed survey model and data analysis with descriptive analysis. From this study, it was found that the average parents of student of Al-Azhar 2 Islamic Elementary School, Pasar Minggu answered to be doubtful or neutral about aspects of Psychological Readiness, Sociological Readiness and Financial Readiness, while for aspect of Environmental Readiness,  Human Resources Readiness, Technological Readiness, Content Their Readiness state that they were ready and for Equipment Readiness they stated that they were very ready.
Beyond Synchronous and Asynchronous Systems towards Blended Learning: Perspective on Medical Education through COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Asaduddin Aiman Hilmi , Maulani Utiya Nabila
Published: October 2022

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic affected various aspects, such as the health sector, education, economy, etc., being distracted. This transition requires technology acceleration to maintain the e-learning process across the world, including medical education. E-learning systems, such as synchronous and asynchronous learning, have their own advantages and limitations, especially in medical education that needs theoretical and practical education. In this paper, a new model of mixed synchronous and asynchronous systems towards blended learning was described as an idea for better medical education through the COVID-19 pandemic. Learning systems can be divided into several types prior to previous researches, namely face-to-face learning, blended learning, flipped classroom, Information, and Communication Technology (ICT) supported face-to-face learning, synchronous learning, and asynchronous learning. COVID-19 pandemic forced the education system to full-online system learning, which is synchronous and asynchronous e-learning. In terms of theoretical learning, asynchronous systems may offer flexibility and convenience as well as the system can be used in conditions of time-zone difference, various internet connectivity, and different golden times for each student to learn factual information. However, asynchronous systems also may have a challenge in controlling the students to make sure they follow the class properly. To evaluate students’ progress, educational stakeholders can hold a weekly reflection program asynchronous distance learning. Besides, knowledge practice also can be conducted by focus group discussion (FGD) through synchronous distance learning The synchronous and asynchronous systems provide the students to arrange their schedule more flexible thus can be utilized to learn practical skills in face-to-face education, such as clinical skills and laboratory practices, with strict health protocols. This system will lead to blended learning, which is an online learning and shift-based traditional learning. This approach provides combination systems of asynchronous and synchronous distance learning to support blended learning in terms of lack of practice skills and laboratory competencies.
The National Strategy for Financing the Energy Transition: Assessing Opportunities and Finding Solutions
Authors:   Financial Research Institute, Moscow 127006, Russian Federation, Yakovlev I. A. , Kabir L. S. ,   Financial Research Institute, Moscow 127006, Russian Federation, Nikulina S. I. ,   Financial Research Institute, Moscow 127006, Russian Federation
Published: October 2022

This article examines the current trends and the state of development of the energy transition in the Russian Federation. This process presents many challenges and requires a country to develop a strategy for success. At the same time, the successful implementation of the energy transition requires a balanced solution for its organization and implementation and a clear economic calculation. The main purpose of the study was to systematize information on the organization and instruments of for financing the energy transition in the Russian Federation. Presented among the results of the planned modernization transformations of the economy, the energy transition must be considered in the system of existing relations to determine its role and place in this process. The article analyzes government decisions on the energy transition organization, describes key aspects of the modern energy agenda, and summarizes information on the main instruments of energy transition financing. The author concludes that Russia is shaping its energy transition agenda on the basis of competitive advantages and socio-economic development priorities. Regarding energy transition, the country currently adheres to the Paris Agreement, adapting cross-border carbon regulations. The system of organization of relations within the energy transition framework is only being formed in Russia today, while with regard to the funding mechanism there is some experience and groundwork formed in the organization of the financing process of the green economy. Financial flows are reoriented to sectors of the economy which ensure energy security, technological sovereignty and sustainable economic development of Russia.
The Carbon Footprint of Hearing Healthcare and How to Reduce it
Authors: Wasmann Jan-Willem A. , de Laat Jan
Published: October 2022

The global carbon footprint of medicine is about 5% of global CO2 emissions. This is quite a chunk of our remaining carbon budget to stay within 1.5 degrees of global warming. For that reason, countries have pledged to decrease the carbon footprint of their healthcare systems. So what is the carbon footprint of hearing healthcare? And what strategies and initiatives exist to lower its footprint? In this perspective paper, we would like to start addressing that question.
Signalling, Sanctioning and Sensitising: How to Uphold Norms with Blame
Authors: Piovarchy Adam
Published: October 2022

This paper provides a unified account of the nature of blame by taking a broader look at the connection between individual blaming reactions and the moral practices of communities. The methodological proposal is that to understand what blame is, we need to understand what it does, but to understand what it does, we need to understand what problems it helps solve. This, in turn, requires looking at the kinds of problems that communities have qua communities, namely, developing agents who are competent norm-followers and who are motivated to exercise this competence. The reason blame seems so heterogeneous is that it has not one, but several, (connected) effects: it signals, sanctions and sensitises. Signalling provides assurance that norms will be upheld and enforced. Sanctioning deters norm violations. Sensitising produces agents who have internalised the norms and who are skilled at complying with them. These effects combine to produce agents who are robustly disposed to uphold norms, which is a very valuable thing to create. This account not only solves a number of puzzles about the nature of blame, it does so while providing a simple and principled story, one which emphasises our own nature as norm-sensitive beings.
NILAI STARTEGI ORIENTASI PASAR DALAM BISNIS PERBANKAN SYARIAH
Authors: NURRAHMA AYUNI , Rahmadani Sofhia , NURFADILLAH  , fachrul
Published: October 2022

Perbankan syariah merupakan industri keuangan yang mengalami pertumbuhan tercepat. Ukurannya (size) telah tumbuh dari beberapa ratus ribu dollar di tahun 1975 menjadi ratusan miliar dollar pada 2005. Praktik bank syariah sekarang tidak saja terbatas di negara-negara Arab atau muslim, namun telah menyebar dari Timur ke Barat, melalui semua jalan termasuk dari Indonesia dan Malaysia menuju Eropa dan Amerika (Ariff, 1988). Tidak hanya itu, faktanya adalah bahwa banyak bank konvensional, termasuk 170 INFERENSI, Jurnal Penelitian Sosial Keagamaan Moh Khoiruddin, Andhi Wijayanto sejumlah bank-bank multinasional utama di Barat telah mulai menggunakan teknik-teknik bank syariah. Meskipun demikian fakta lain menunjukkan bahwa hingga sekarang bila aset dari semua bank syariah dikumpulkan jadi satu, besarnya tidak lebih besar dibandingkan dengan total aset 50 bank terbesar dunia, aset bank syariah terbesar sama dengan 1 persen aset dari bank terbesar dunia.
Researchers on research integrity: a survey of European and American researchers
Authors: Allum Nick , Reid Abigail , Bidoglia Miriam , Gaskell George , Aubert Bonn Noémie , Buljan Ivan , Fuglsang Simon , Horbach Serge P. J. M. , Kavouras Panagiotis , Marusic Ana , Mejlgaard Niels , Pizzolato Daniel , Roje Rea , Tijdink Joeri K. , Veltri Giuseppe Alessandro
Published: October 2022

Reports of questionable or detrimental research practices (QRPs) call into question the reliability of scientific evidence. The International Research Integrity Survey (IRIS) maps the opinions and behaviors of 2,300 researchers based in the US and 45,000 in Europe (including UK, Norway, Iceland and Switzerland)., and how they assess their institutions’ support for research integrity (RI). In comparison to researchers in the US, European researchers admit to more QRPs and are less confident in maintaining high RI standards. In the US and Europe many researchers judge their organization to fall short of best RI practice. All researchers recognize the benefits of RI, reliable knowledge and the trust of colleagues and the public, and there is support for RI training particularly among Europeans. To create and maintain a culture of integrity in scientific research, a collective commitment from researchers, their institutions and funders is needed.
Role of ILSAs for Meta-Analyses in Education
Authors: Scherer Ronny , Siddiq Fazilat , Nilsen Trude
Published: October 2022

International large-scale assessments (ILSAs) in education provide researchers with opportunities to study educational phenomena in a large set of contexts, educational systems, domains, and student populations. This project evaluates this potential and develops and illustrates methodological approaches and guidance to incorporating ILSAs in meta-analyses.
Seeking information about outcomes affecting other people shows a preference for good news
Authors: Cutler Jo , Campbell-Meiklejohn Daniel
Published: October 2022

Information about other people is vital for understanding the world, social relationships, and providing help. With so much information available, we must constantly choose whether to seek or avoid it. These choices depend on our preferences for particular information and shape the boundaries of our social knowledge. In two experiments, we examined how people decide between seeking or avoiding information about outcomes affecting others and whether these choices show a preference for good news, shown previously for information about oneself. Participants decided whether to reveal financial outcomes, a potential gain or potential loss each with a known probability (10% to 90%), for themselves or another person. Participants in Experiment 1 (n=205) could ‘opt-in’ to reveal the outcome or do nothing to avoid knowing it. In Experiment 2 (n=56), an action was required for either option, making seeking and avoiding information equally active. Both experiments demonstrated a clear preference to seek positive over negative information about others. This preference increased with the likelihood of the outcome and crucially, was the same as the preference for good news about outcomes affecting oneself. Individual differences revealed a general tendency to seek or avoid information across domains, but social information-seeking also linked to empathic concern and charitable giving. Together, these findings show the information we seek about others depends on whether it is expected to be positive or negative as well as individual factors. Advancing our understanding of such preferences has vital implications for research across the social sciences, as well as applied importance.
What are the autism research priorities of autistic adults in Scotland?
Authors: Cage Eilidh , Crompton Catherine J , Dantas Sarah , Strachan Khiah , Birch Rachel , Robinson Mark , Morgan-Appel Stasa , MacKenzie-Nash Charlie , Gallagher Aaron , Botha Monique
Published: October 2022

Studies investigating autistic community research priorities indicate a mismatch between what autism research focuses on and what autistic people want to see researched. Further, there has not been a research priority-setting exercise specifically with autistic people in Scotland, where there are unique cultural, political, and social contexts. Using a community-based participatory design, we aimed to identify the research priorities of autistic adults living in Scotland. Autistic and non-autistic researchers designed and conducted a survey where 225 autistic adults rated and ranked research topics in order of importance and provided qualitative feedback on issues and questions important to them. The top five research priorities were: mental health/wellbeing, identification and diagnosis of autistic people, support services, knowledge and attitudes towards autistic people, and issues impacting autistic women. There were differences in priorities according to different intersections of identity, and qualitative responses indicated a desire for research to focus on support and understanding. The bottom three priorities concerned genetics, treatments and interventions, and causes. These findings emphasise the need to address the gap between what autism research focuses on and the everyday lives of autistic people.
Perceptual alterations in the relationship between sensory reactivity, intolerance of uncertainty and anxiety in autistic children with and without co-occurring ADHD
Authors: Powell Helen , He Jason , Khalil Nermin , Wodka Ericka , Deronda Alyssa , Edden Richard , Vasa Roma A. , Mostofsky Stewart H. , Puts Nicolaas
Published: October 2022

Sensory differences and anxiety disorders are highly prevalent in autistic individuals with and without ADHD. Studies have shown that sensory differences and anxiety are associated and that intolerance of uncertainty (IU) plays an important role within this relationship. However, those studies predominantly assessed sensory reactivity using questionnaires (i.e., observational reports), which can be subjective, and do not differentiate between perceptual, affective, and behavioural levels of sensory processing. Psychophysical approaches can offer useful additional insight, by providing objective measures of sensory differences at the perceptual level. In the current study, we used psychophysical vibrotactile tasks to assess how alterations in sensory perception contribute to observationally assessed sensory reactivity, IU, and anxiety. 38 autistic children (aged 8-12 years; 27 with co-occurring ADHD) were included in the analyses. Consistent with previous findings, parent-report measures of sensory reactivity, anxiety, and child-reported IU, were intercorrelated. Mediation analyses showed that IU fully mediated an association between sensory reactivity and anxiety, and that anxiety partially mediated an association between sensory reactivity and IU. Of the measured vibrotactile thresholds, only simultaneous frequency discrimination (SFD) thresholds significantly correlated with parent-reported sensory reactivity. Interestingly, we found that sensory reactivity fully mediated an association between SFD threshold and anxiety, and between SFD threshold and IU. Taken together, these findings suggest a mechanistic pathway whereby low-level perceptual alterations contribute to sensory differences at the affective level, leading in turn to increased IU and anxiety. This stepwise association can inform therapeutic interventions for IU and anxiety in autistic individuals with or without ADHD.
When are Democracies at Risk of Democratic Decline? A Meta-Analysis of the Experimental Literature and a Conceptual Replication
Authors: Scoggins Bermond
Published: October 2022

Despite many experiments examining voter attitudes towards illiberal and undemocratic political behaviour, few explicitly address how and when their results meaningfully suggest that voters cannot be relied upon to protect liberal institutions and democratic procedures. How do these results correspond to verbal claims that a country case is at risk of democratic decline? While a simple meta-analysis of conjoint experiments encouragingly shows that respondents reliably punish undemocratic behaviour, it obscures an important subset of candidate contests and a central quantity of interest -- the proportion of partisan respondents who support an undemocratic copartisan candidate in the face of a pro-democratic out-party opponent. A reanalysis of like experiments shows that enough partisans in long-standing democracies defect to the out-party candidate for democratic decline to be highly unlikely. In new democracies with highly popular and electorally dominant incumbents, such as the Philippines, the proportion of partisans from the incumbent bloc remaining with their undemocratic copartisan is worryingly high. A preregistered conceptual conjoint replication from the Philippines, deployed just prior to the 2022 presidential election, shows that 67% of incumbent supporters remain loyal even when exposed to undemocratic informational treatments.
SOCIAL STRATIFICATION IN SCIENCE: THE ULTRA-ELITE IN THE UK
Authors: Bukodi Erzsebet , Goldthorpe John H , Steinberg Inga
Published: October 2022

We start out from Harriet Zuckerman’s study of the US scientific ultra-elite of Nobel laureates, and consider two issues that have arisen from this work, as a result of criticism from Elisabeth Crawford. First, how far can a scientific ultra-elite be shown to exist as a collectivity that is socially distinctive rather than its members being set apart from other leading scientists by the fact of their having won a prestigious award? Second, how far is Zuckerman’s account of the formation of the US ultra-elite through ‘bilateral associative selection’ between leading scientific masters and their would-be apprentices, and consequent ‘Matthew effects’, specific to the US in the mid-twentieth century or of some wider application? In the British case, we compare the social origins and educational careers of members of two scientific ultra-elites – one defined in national, the other in international terms – with those of other elite scientists, on the basis of a prosopographical study of all Fellows of the Royal Society born since 1900. We also report on two case studies of what Zuckerman refers to as the ‘convergence’ that occurs between scientific masters and their apprentices in a limited number of locations. We find that as one moves from the elite to the nationally defined ultra-elite, there is little evidence of increasing social stratification but that such evidence does emerge in moving to the internationally defined ultra-elite. Our case studies bring out, in two contrasting contexts, the importance of the underlying social processes that Zuckerman identified in the US case.
Cause of Failure of Municipal Waste Water Treatment Plant in Narayanghad
Authors: Khanal Ramesh
Published: October 2022

Constructed wetland (CW), combined with other physical treatment units, is considered as an environmentally friendly and sustainable option for waste water treatment of varying scale. The absence of mechanical system makes the CW a low maintenance system but not maintenance free. The maintenance free treatment plant concept was observed in municipal waste water treatment plant in Narayanghad, Nepal largely because of its poor maintenance. Due to the absence of maintenance for a long time, sludge from the primary treatment units started to flow to the wetlands which, in turn, caused the reed plant to wither. From different literatures it was found that high organic solid load was the prime cause for the clogging of the filter medium. Clogging triggered oxygen deficiency at the root of the plant and hindered its growth.
Replacement Rates of Public Pensions in Canada: Heterogeneity across Socio-Economic Status
Authors: Clavet Nicholas-James , El-Attar Mayssun , Fonseca Raquel
Published: October 2022

Several income sources can help retirees maintain their welfare and consumption levels once they leave the workforce. One source is public pensions. Their importance as an income source varies greatly according to socio-economic status (SES). In this article, we analyze how replacement rates (RRs) of public pensions (Old Age Security and Guaranteed Income Supplement) and mandatory public pension benefits (Canada/Quebec Pension Plan [C/QPP]) vary across SES by using the Longitudinal and International Study of Adults dataset. Taking advantage of the longitudinal nature of this survey, we compute and compare average RRs by SES. We specifically consider the role of education and health to understand variations in RRs. Our results show that the average RR of public pensions for individuals in bad health is 32 percent, whereas for those who report being in good health, it is 21 percent. When public pensions and C/QPP benefits are included, these percentages become 54 percent for those in bad health and 41 percent for those in good health. When estimating a multivariate regression model and controlling for past income, we look at couples and find that past income does not eliminate differences in RR by education level and health status. Our results suggest that assortative matching could play a role in explaining the variation in RRs across individuals’ education.
Perceived Faults that Exist in Laws Governing the Appointment of School Principals in South African Schools
Authors: DWANGU Agrippa Madoda , MAHLANGU Vimbi
Published: October 2022

The purpose of the article is to explore the faults that exist in the laws governing the appointment of school principals in schools in South Africa. The article advances an argument that there are numerous flaws in the laws that regulate the appointment of school principals in schools. The article will contribute to the revision and strengthening of the laws that are used in the appointment of school principals. Some sections of South African Schools Act 9) SASA regulate the appointment of school principals and are used to militate against the good intentions of the Department of Basic Education (DBE) to have the best suitable candidates appointed as school principals. The appointment processes of educators in schools are seen as fraught with fraud and corruption. A report emerged in the year 2016 that the process of selecting candidates for appointment in the Education Sector is riddled with inconsistencies. The report emanated from the probe by a Ministerial Task Team into allegations of selling of teachers’ posts. Principals should be selected by means of experienced panels inclusive of a DBE representative. It was recommended that Cadre Deployment be done away with. The appointment of candidates as principals was supposed to be made purely on the basis of merit in terms of the report.
LAND MARKET IN UKRAINE: PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS
Authors: Kireitseva Olena , Zhylin Oleksii
Published: October 2022

The article presents a study on the peculiarities of the formation of the land market of the agricultural sector of Ukraine. The first results of the initiated scheme of purchase and sale of agricultural land, the activity of buyers and sellers in the land market, their expectations and opportunities are analyzed.

It is determined that land, labor and capital should function as goods in a market economy, as factors of production. It is emphasized that the basis of agrarian reforms is land reform. The land market in Ukraine opened on July 1, 2021. Citizens of Ukraine, legal entities of Ukraine, territorial communities and the state have acquired the right of ownership of agricultural land plots. The total area of agricultural land owned by a citizen and a legal entity may not exceed 10.000 hectares. Only individuals have the right to purchase land until January 1, 2024. Until January 1, 2030, the sale price of agricultural land allocated on the ground to the owners of land shares (units) may not be less than their regulatory monetary value.

The author concluded that the land legislation of Ukraine should take into account all the threats and controversial issues that may arise in the case of the functioning of the land market in the agricultural sector. The conceptual model of land market regulation should protect the interests of all participants in the market process. The main functional components of this model are the redistribution of land resources into the ownership of efficient land users, achieving the required level of profitability of agricultural producers to ensure expanded reproduction, budget and tax support for agricultural producers and rural development, reproduction of land resources as part of the ecological system. The main directions for developing a conceptual model are the effective implementation of the regulated agricultural land market, regulation of lease relations, effective use of financial and tax levers to support the land ownership.
CONCEPTUAL APPROACHES TO REGULATING THE BEHAVIOR OF ANALYTICAL INDICATORS IN THE SYSTEM OF FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT OF ENTERPRISES
Authors: Lazaryshyna Inna
Published: October 2022

The article is devoted to the topical and little‒studied problem of regulating scenarios of behavior of financial indicators with the use of analytical tools. To solve this problem, the article uses general scientific (dialectical method of cognition and a systematic approach ‒ to characterize the current state of economic analysis and information needs in its results by the subjects of government). The dialectical and historical method is used to substantiate the emergence of modern analytical functions based on the evaluative (diagnostic) function.

The combination of general scientific and specific research methods (dialectical, description, abstraction) allowed to identify and characterize the usefulness of analytical information. The application of the modeling method led to the development of a model of the integration dependence of liquidity, financial stability and asset turnover. Inductive and deductive methods are used to generalize trends in economic analysis in modern conditions.

The application of the method of formal logic allowed to formulate proposals for improving the methodology of financial analysis, taking into account the scenario approach. The established relationship between the elements of the information system of enterprise management at the operational, tactical and strategic levels provided the prerequisites for a systematic assessment of opportunities to improve the quality of analytical tools through the use of modern functions. The practical significance of the results of the study is to reduce time and improve the quality of analytical conclusions in the financial management system of the enterprise.
Protective Effect of Hydroalcoholic Extract of Clove on Thioacetamide-Induced Hepatotoxicity Animal Model
Authors: Shojaeifard Manzar Banoo , Hojjati Sarah , Keshavarz Simin , Vojdani Salman
Published: October 2022

Background: The drug-induced liver injury (DILI) has a wide range of clinical presentations, from asymptomatic liver enzyme elevations to cirrhosis. Herbal dietary supplements may be beneficial to reduce the risk of hepatotoxicity. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different doses of clove extracts on humoral factors in rats with hepatotoxicity induced by thioacetamide. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, rats were divided into nine groups (10 rats per each). The Control group received no treatment. The Sham group was treated with oral administration of distilled water (0.5 ml) for 21 days. The positive control group received thioacetamide (50 mg/kg for three days) intraperitoneally. The clove group was divided into three subgroups and given daily oral administrations of 50, 150, and 300 mg/kg of clove hydroalcoholic extracts (for 21 days). Rats in the experimental group were divided into three subgroups and subjected to 50 mg/kg thioacetamide injection after receiving hydroalcoholic extracts of clove (50, 150, and 300 mg/kg, respectively) for 21 days in the last three days. All rats were sacrificed after 48 hours to measure liver function parameters (aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, total plasma protein, and albumin). Results: The rats that received thioacetamide showed liver damage by increased serum liver biomarkers and decreased levels of total plasma protein and albumin compared to the control group. The different doses of clove extract resulted in a significant improvement of liver damage by reduced serum liver enzymes levels and increased total plasma protein and albumin. Conclusion: Oral administration of the different doses of the clove extract (50, 150, and 300 mg/kg) for 21 consecutive days could significantly improve the changes associated with serum biomarkers of hepatotoxicity
Relationship between phenotypic features in Loeys-Dietz syndrome and the presence of intracranial aneurysms
Authors: Huguenard *Anna L. , Johnson Gabrielle W. , Desai Rupen R. , Osbun Joshua W. , Dacey Ralph G. , Braverman Alan C.
Published: October 2022

OBJECTIVE

Loeys-Dietz syndrome (LDS) is a rare autosomal dominant condition characterized by aneurysms of the aorta, aortic branches, and intracranial arteries; skeletal and cutaneous abnormalities; and craniofacial malformations. Previous authors have reported that higher craniofacial severity index (CFI) scores, which indicate more severe craniofacial abnormalities, correlate with the severity of aortic aneurysm pathology. However, the association between syndromic features and the formation of intracranial aneurysms in LDS patients has yet to be determined. In this study, the authors evaluate the incidence of phenotypic abnormalities, craniofacial features, and Chiari malformation type I (CM-I) in a large LDS cohort and explore possible risk factors for the development of intracranial aneurysms.

METHODS

This was a retrospective cohort study of all patients with LDS who had been seen at the Marfan Syndrome and Aortopathy Center at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis in 2010–2022. Medical records were reviewed to obtain demographic, clinical, and radiographic data. The prevalence of craniofacial, skeletal, and cutaneous pathologies was determined. Bivariate logistic regression was performed to identify possible risk factors for the formation of an intracranial aneurysm.

RESULTS

Eighty-one patients with complete medical records and intracranial vascular imaging were included in the analysis, and 18 patients (22.2%) had at least 1 intracranial aneurysm. Patients frequently demonstrated the thin or translucent skin, doughy skin texture, hypertelorism, uvular abnormalities, and joint hypermobility typical of LDS. CM-I was common, occurring in 7.4% of the patients. Importantly, the patients with intracranial aneurysms were more likely to have CM-I (22.2%) than those without intracranial aneurysms (3.2%). The mean CFI score in the cohort with available data was 1.81, with higher means in the patients with the TGFBR1 or TGFBR2 disease-causing variants (2.05 and 3.30, respectively) and lower in the patients with the SMAD3, TGFB2, or TGFB3 pathogenic variants (CFI < 1). No significant CFI difference was observed in patients with or without intracranial aneurysms (2.06 vs 1.74, p = 0.61).

CONCLUSIONS

CM-I, and not the CFI, is significantly associated with the presence of intracranial aneurysms in patients with LDS. Surveillance for intracranial aneurysms is essential in all patients with LDS and should not be limited to those with severe phenotypes. Long-term monitoring studies will be necessary to determine whether a correlation between craniofacial abnormalities and adverse outcomes from intracranial aneurysms (growth, intervention, or rupture) exists.
Perioperative prophylaxis for surgical site infections in pediatric spinal surgery: a systematic review and network meta-analysis
Authors: Shaffer Annabelle , Naik Anant , MacInnis Bailey , Chen Michael , Ivankovic Sven , Paisan Gabriella , Garst Jonathan R. , Hassaneen Wael , Arnold Paul M.
Published: October 2022

OBJECTIVE

Postoperative infections in pediatric spinal surgery commonly occur and necessitate reoperation(s). However, pediatric-specific infection prophylaxis guidelines are not available. This network meta-analysis compares perioperative prophylaxis methods including Betadine irrigation, saline irrigation, intrawound vancomycin powder, combination therapy (Betadine, vancomycin, gentamicin, and cefuroxime), Betadine irrigation plus vancomycin powder, and no intervention to determine the most efficacious prevention method.

METHODS

A systematic review was performed by searching the PubMed, EBSCO, Scopus, and Web of Science databases for peer-reviewed articles published prior to February 2022 comparing two or more infection prophylaxis methods in patients younger than 22 years of age. Data were extracted for treatment modalities, patient demographics, and patient outcomes such as total number of infections, surgical site infections, deep infections, intraoperative blood loss, operative time, follow-up time, and postoperative complications. Quality and risk of bias was assessed using National Institutes of Health tools. A network meta-analysis was performed with reduction of infections as the primary outcome.

RESULTS

Overall, 10 studies consisting of 5164 procedures were included. There was no significant difference between prophylactic treatment options in reduction of infection. However, three treatment options showed significant reduction in total infection compared with no prophylactic treatment: Betadine plus vancomycin (OR 0.22, 95% CI 0.09–0.54), vancomycin (OR 3.26, 95% CI 1.96–5.44), and a combination therapy (Betadine, vancomycin, gentamicin, and cefuroxime) (OR 0.24, 95% CI 0.07–0.75). P-Score hierarchical ranking estimated Betadine plus vancomycin to be the superior treatment to prevent total infections, deep infections, and surgical site infections (P-score 0.7876, 0.7175, and 0.7291, respectively). No prophylaxis treatment–related complications were reported.

CONCLUSIONS

The results of this network meta-analysis show the strongest support for Betadine plus vancomycin as a method to reduce infections following pediatric spinal surgery. There was heterogeneity among studies and inconsistent outcome reporting; however, three effective treatment options are identified.
Clinical course of pediatric gunshot wounds involving the spine and spinal cord: the Miami experience
Authors: Lu Victor M. , Pinilla Escobar Victoria A. , Saberi Rebecca A. , Gilna Gareth P. , Burks Joshua D. , Niazi Toba N. , Thorson Chad M. , McCrea Heather J.
Published: October 2022

OBJECTIVE

Civilian gunshot wounds (GSWs) involving the skeletal spine and spinal cord in pediatric patients are fortunately rare. Nevertheless, their presentation mandates judicious evaluation, and their clinical outcomes remain poorly defined. Thus, the authors aimed to characterize the clinical course of this traumatic presentation in the pediatric population based on their institutional experience.

METHODS

A retrospective review of a level I trauma center database was performed for the period 2011–2021. Clinical data were included for patients aged ≤ 18 years who had presented with radiographic and clinical evidence of a GSW to the spine and had at least one documented follow-up at least 6 months after injury. The primary outcomes of the study were the categorization of gunshot injuries and the results of neurological and functional examinations.

RESULTS

A total of 13 patients satisfied the study selection criteria. The mean patient age was 15.7 ± 1.6 years, and all presentations were assault in nature. Most of the patients were male (n = 12, 92%) in gender, Black in race (n = 11, 85%), and from zip codes with a median household income below the local county average (n = 10, 77%). All patients presented with a minimum Glasgow Coma Scale score of 14. Examination at presentation revealed American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale (AIS) grade A in 3 cases (23%), grade B in 2 (15%), grade C in 1 (8%), grade D in 2 (15%), and grade E in 5 (38%). Gunshot injury involved all regions of the spine, most commonly the cervical and thoracic spine (n = 6 for each, 46%). In terms of skeletal injury, the most common injuries were to the facet (n = 10, 77%) and the pedicle (n = 8, 62%), with evidence of intracanal injury in 9 patients (69%). Neurosurgical intervention was pursued in 1 patient (8%). Overall, 7 patients (54%) experienced a complication during admission, and the median length of hospitalization was 12 days (range 1–88 days) without any mortality events. Within 90 days from discharge, 2 patients (15%) were readmitted to the hospital for further care. The mean follow-up was 28.9 months (range 6–74 months), by which only 1 patient (8%) had an improved AIS examination; all other patients remained at their initial AIS grade.

CONCLUSIONS

Pediatric GSWs involving the spine are typically nonfatal presentations, and their long-term functional outlook appears contingent on clinical examination findings at initial presentation. Although neurosurgical intervention is not necessary in most cases, judicious evaluation of radiographic and clinical examinations by a neurosurgical team is strongly recommended to optimize recovery.
ДІАГНОСТИКА КОМПЕТЕНТНІСНОГО ПІДХОДУ В СИСТЕМІ ВДОСКОНАЛЕННЯ HR- ІНЖИНІРИНГУ ПІДПРИЄМСТВА
Authors: Глушко Тетяна , Волянська-Савчук Леся , Кошонько Олена , Горбатюк Олександр
Published: October 2022

У статті проведено діагностику компетентісного підходу та її вплив на вдосконалення системи HR- інжинірингу підприємства. Досліджено інструменти компетентісного підходу та процес їх застосування. HR-інжиніринг необхідно застосовувати на всіх ланках управління персоналом, а для вдалої його реалізації необхідно використовувати компетентісний підхід. Останні декілька років, під впливом коронакризи, економічне та соціальне становище в країні досить мінливе, а з початком військового стану, ще турбулентне. Ці всі чинники стали кардинальним поштовхом до трансформації HR-галузі та адаптації HR-інжинірингу до нових умов. Запропоновано цикл діагностики компетенцій персоналу.

Визначено важливість компетентнісного підходу в HR-інжинірингу підприємства. Запропоновано підходи до оцінки компетенцій. Виділено ряд переваг застосування компетентісносого підходу в процесі вдосконалення HR- інжинірингу персоналу.

Діагностика компетентнісного підходу в системі вдосконалення HR- інжинірингу персоналу – це безперервний процес, під час якого знання та навички постійно модифікуються. Це особливо важливо в сучасному динамічному світі, що швидко змінюється. Здатність розуміти поточні можливості та розробляти нові має вирішальне значення, щоб залишатися на крок попереду.
Humilhação da presunção e interiorização da lei moral em Immanuel Kant
Authors: Silva Reginaldo Oliveira
Published: October 2022

Na Crítica da razão prática, Kant desenvolve o fundamento da lei moral em seus aspectos objetivo e subjetivo. Depois de afirmar ser plausível postular a determinação da vontade tão somente por meio da razão pura em seu uso prático, foi necessário ao filósofo demonstrar como ela se torna consciente e aceitável para o agente moral.  Neste passo, ele examina o sentimento de prazer e desprazer, ao qual associa, de início, a humilhação da vontade entregue ao agrado dos sentidos, de modo que no sujeito emerge uma qualidade nova de sentimento, o respeito, também denominado de sentimento moral. A mesma estratégia encontra-se na terceira crítica, onde o constrangimento, desta vez, atua sobre a imaginação, impossibilitada de abarcar a imensidão sublime com o auxílio do entendimento. O desprazer daí proveniente conduz ao reconhecimento da razão como faculdade superior e, desta, ao prazer proveniente da consciência da lei moral como destinação superior. A considerar a forma como o subjetivo assimila a lei moral, pretende-se aqui pensá-la sob a hipótese de ser ela, antes, por meio do constrangimento e do desprazer, não apenas fundada na liberdade, mas também na humilhação da presunção. O argumento segue as obras de Kant sobre a ética, a começar pela Fundamentação da Metafísica dos costumes, em seguida, segue o caminho da segunda para a terceira crítica. Neste percurso, pretende-se examinar o lugar que o sentimento de prazer ocupa no fundamento a priori da lei moral, seja na analítica da razão prática seja na analítica do belo e do sublime.
Notas sobre a questão da persuasão em Hannah Arendt
Authors: Feliciano Ana Lúcia
Published: October 2022

O tema central deste artigo é a persuasão e como ela aparece no pensamento político arendtiano. Nos ocuparemos desta tópica no intuito de mostrar sua fecundidade e seus limites no que concerne à esfera dos assuntos humanos. Em Arendt, as reflexões sobre a persuasão são suscitadas em referência à atividade política do discurso e ao papel da argumentação persuasiva. Nossa aposta é que uma investigação acerca das nuances da persuasão em Arendt comporta duas direções distintas e, portanto, assumiremos duas linhas de pensamento que nos possibilitarão uma incursão neste debate. Com efeito, examinaremos a perspectiva arendtiana no que concerne à persuasão, por um lado, quando o tema aparece na recuperação da experiência da polis grega, por outro, quando ele é tangenciado pelo relato do julgamento de Adolf Eichmann. Isto posto, nossa principal pretensão é explorar como a questão da persuasão é formulada de maneira contrastante no pensamento arendtiano. Para tanto, a modulação constitutiva do debate será demonstrada a partir de considerações pontuais no tocante à presença da persuasão em dois espaços de natureza pública, quais sejam, a ágora grega e o tribunal.
“Por quê olhar os animais?” Ética da alteridade e animalidade em John Berger
Authors: Uchôa Mateus
Published: October 2022

Em seu texto Por quê olhar os animais?, John Berger comenta como a metáfora animal foi um recurso indispensável para revelar uma proximidade entre as espécies, e que sem o exemplo de animais seria improvável, por exemplo, descrever eventos como aqueles narrados por Homero n’A Iíada. A correlação entre vidas semelhantes e heterogêneas permitiram aos seres humanos, inspirados pelos animais, darem respostas às primeiras perguntas. É razoável afirmar que a primeira metáfora tenha sido a do animal, como um modo de partilhar o mundo que lhes era comum e diferente. Mas nossa relação com os animais não-humanos também contém contradições; a criação do zoológico representou a elevação de um monumento à impossibilidade  de qualquer reencontro com  a animalidade. Em vez de liberados, os animais foram capturados por outras categorias políticas. Para John Berger as ambiguidades permanecem “Eles são os objetos de nosso conhecimento sempre crescente. O que sabemos sobre eles é um índice de nosso poder, e assim é um índice do que nos separa deles. Quanto mais sabemos, mais distante eles ficam.”
Primo Levi, Simone de Beauvoir e Wittgenstein: uma apologia da comunicação
Authors: Barbosa  Andrade Josiana
Published: October 2022

Neste texto, o nosso objetivo é indicar, seguindo o horizonte proposto por Primo Levi em Os afogados e os sobreviventes [1986], que é possível comunicar ou diminuir a distância entre o expressar e o compreender. Como hipótese, argumentaremos que embora não nos seja permitido sentir no lugar do outro, é-nos possível compreender a sua expressão; essa compreensão se daria a partir de uma conversão do olhar, fundamentada em uma vontade de comunicar. Para isso, utilizaremos – no horizonte da problemática de Levi – alguns elementos da filosofia de Simone de Beauvoir, em especial a sua noção de situação, e de Ludwig Wittgenstein, com ênfase em sua noção de apresentação panorâmica. Ambas as noções mencionadas sugerem, a nosso ver, atitudes metódicas, das quais Levi se aproximou.