bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Utility of cartridge based nucleic acid amplification test in the diagnosis of extra pulmonary tuberculosis
Authors: Bairwa Mahesh Chand , Banera Mahendra Kumar , Fatehpuria Chandan Mal
Published: November 2019

Background: Tuberculosis is one of the top 10 cause of death globally. Extra-pulmonary tuberculosis is an important clinical problem. Extra-pulmonary tuberculosis range from 30%-53% in India. Diagnosis of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis is still challenging despite many investigations. World Health Organization recommends Gene-Xpert Mycobacterium Tuberculosis/Rifampicin (Cartridge Based Nucleic Acid Amplification Test-CBNAAT) over conventional tests for diagnosis of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis which permits rapid tuberculosis diagnosis through detection of the genetic sequence of DNA of mycobacterium tuberculosis and simultaneous identification of a majority of the mutations that confirm Rifampicin resistance which is highly predictive of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis.Methods: Study was carried out over a period of one year.  Patients with suggestive of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis were included in study. Diagnosis of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis carried out by clinical, radiological, biochemical analysis, cytological, bacteriological confirmation. Based on mycobacterium tuberculosis result, the study population were divided into ‘Mycobacterium Tuberculosis detected’ and ‘Mycobacterium Tuberculosis not detected’ groups. Mycobacterium Tuberculosis detected group was further divided into ‘Rifampicin resistant’ and ‘Rifampicin sensitive’.Results:  Total 220 patients were included. Among extra-pulmonary tuberculosis, there were 83.64% were pleural fluid. 65.91% patients where be <45 years of age. Mostly patients were from rural areas and illiterate. Diabetes Mellitus found as the most common co-morbidities. CB-NAAT was able to detect mycobacterium tuberculosis in 35% (77) extra-pulmonary samples, out of which 6 were rifampicin resistant. Out of 184 samples of pleural fluid, 53 were rifampicin sensitive and 4 were found rifampicin resistant.Conclusions: CB-NAAT has to be endorsed in every health care centres as the test gives rapid result and also detection of rifampicin resistance which is the major concern for every clinician.
Comparison of the clinical effect of intra-articular injection of platelet-rich plasma and methylprednisolone in primary osteoarthritis of knee: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Longjam Darendrajit S. , Akoijam Joy S. , Ahongshangbam Meina S. , Longjam Nilachandra S.
Published: November 2019

Background: Osteoarthritis of knee is one of the commonest musculoskeletal disorder causing mobility impairment affecting 3.3% in urban areas and 5.5% in rural areas. Intra-articular injection of Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) delivers activated platelets that may reduce inflammation, provide pain relief, improve function and stimulate possible cartilage regeneration at the site of worn cartilage area of the knee.Methods: Eighty patients with primary osteoarthritis of the knee fulfilling inclusion and exclusion criteria were recruited in the study conducted in the Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, RIMS, Imphal from October 2014 to September 2017. Six ml of PRP prepared by conventional bench top centrifugation system was injected intra-articularly, two weeks apart in the PRP group. Steroid group received 80mg of methylprednisolone, two weeks apart by the same technique. The outcome variables (VAS and WOMAC score) were measured before starting intervention (baseline) and at 8 and 24-weeks post-intervention follow up.Results: Significant improvement seen in VAS, WOMAC-pain, stiffness and physical function and total scores in both the groups at 8- and 24-weeks follow-ups (p˂0.001). Steroid group showed better result than the PRP group in VAS (2.78±0.76 vs 3.58±1.03) and WOMAC-total (30.42±6.85 vs 36.25±10.87) scores at 8 weeks respectively (p˂0.001). But at 24 weeks follow-up, PRP showed significantly more effective than the steroid group in reducing pain (2.0±.0.87 vs 2.45±0.78) and disability (22.95±3.78 vs 25.25±6.67) respectively (p˂0.001).Conclusions: Intra-articular injection of methylprednisolone was found to be more effective in reducing pain and disability in primary knee osteoarthritis of KL grade 2 and 3 at the end of 8 weeks whereas 2 doses of PRP intra-articular injection 2 weeks apart was significantly more effective than methylprednisolone at the end of 24 weeks. However, the long-term benefit of PRP is to be determined by studies with a larger sample size and longer duration of follow-up.
Vitamin K induced anaphylactic reaction in a child: a case report
Authors: Babu R. Hari , Priya S. Hari , Tejaswi J. , Thireesha P. , Vidyadhara S.
Published: November 2019

Vitamin-K is commonly indicated in pediatric patients with coagulation disorders, hepatic disease, warfarin toxicity, sepsis-induced disseminated reaction. Minor complications are very well known, but anaphylactic reactions are rarely reported in children. We present a case of a 13-year-old child who developed anaphylactic reaction following intravenous administration of Vitamin-K. He was managed with Inj. Adrenaline 0.35mg IM, Inj. Avil 22mg IV slowly over 20 mins, Nebulization with salbutamol 1mg. The reaction was most probably due to an anaphylactic reaction to Vitamin-K.
Abscisic acid does not influence the subcellular distribution of the HYL1 protein from Arabidopsis thaliana.
Authors: Lesicka-Górecka Joanna , Szarzyńska Bogna , Sawczak Marta , Bagdiul Ivona , Górski Paweł , Jarmołowski Artur , Szweykowska-Kulińska Zofia
Published: November 2019

HYL1 is a nuclear protein involved in the processing of miRNAs but its exact function remains unknown. Arabidopsis thaliana hyl1 mutants exhibit hypersensitivity to ABA. We decided to answer the question whether ABA affects the HYL1 protein localization within the cell and show that it does not. We also studied the expression of HYL1 in different tissues and organs. In this paper we show for the first time the expression profile of the HYL1 protein using anti-HYL1 antibodies. The protein is present in seedlings and mature plants in all organs studied, with the highest amount in inflorescences. A. thaliana HYL1 protein has several repetitions of a 28-amino-acid sequence at the C-terminus that confer protein instability. Our bioinformatic analysis of HYL1 homologs in different Brassica species shows that this repetition is typical only for Arabidopsis. This may suggest a relatively late evolutionary acquisition of the C-terminal domain.
Disruption of Trichoderma reesei gene encoding protein O-mannosyltransferase I results in a decrease of the enzyme activity and alteration of cell wall composition.
Authors: Górka-Nieć Wioletta , Pniewski Michał , Kania Anna , Perlińska-Lenart Urszula , Palamarczyk Grazyna , Kruszewska Joanna S
Published: November 2019

In fungi transfer of the first mannosyl residue to proteins during their O-glycosylation is catalyzed by protein O-mannosyltransferases encoded by pmt genes. Disruption of the pmt1 gene in Trichoderma caused a significant decrease in the total activity of protein O-mannosyltransferases. Moreover, disruption of the pmt1 gene also led to osmotic sensitivity of the strain, indicating an essential role of the PMTI protein activity for cell wall synthesis. At the same time, the strain was defective in septa formation, producing only half the number of septa per unit length of hypha compared with the wild type. Disruption of the pmt1 gene decreased protein secretion but had no effect on glycosylation of secreted proteins, which suggests that PMTI protein O-mannosyltranferase does not take part in glycosylation of these proteins.
Prediction of signal peptides in protein sequences by neural networks.
Authors: Plewczynski Dariusz , Slabinski Lukasz , Ginalski Krzysztof , Rychlewski Leszek
Published: November 2019

We present here a neural network-based method for detection of signal peptides (abbreviation used: SP) in proteins. The method is trained on sequences of known signal peptides extracted from the Swiss-Prot protein database and is able to work separately on prokaryotic and eukaryotic proteins. A query protein is dissected into overlapping short sequence fragments, and then each fragment is analyzed with respect to the probability of it being a signal peptide and containing a cleavage site. While the accuracy of the method is comparable to that of other existing prediction tools, it provides a significantly higher speed and portability. The accuracy of cleavage site prediction reaches 73% on heterogeneous source data that contains both prokaryotic and eukaryotic sequences while the accuracy of discrimination between signal peptides and non-signal peptides is above 93% for any source dataset. As a consequence, the method can be easily applied to genome-wide datasets. The software can be downloaded freely from http://rpsp.bioinfo.pl/RPSP.tar.gz.
Properties of Escherichia coli RNA polymerase from a strain devoid of the stringent response alarmone ppGpp.
Authors: Szalewska-Pałasz Agnieszka
Published: November 2019

The stringent response alarmone guanosine tetraphosphate (ppGpp) affects transcription from many promoters. ppGpp binds directly to the transcription enzyme of Escherichia coli, RNA polymerase. Analysis of the crystal structure of RNA polymerase with ppGpp suggested that binding of this nucleotide may result in some conformational or post-translational alterations to the enzyme. These changes might affect in vitro performance of the enzyme. Here, a comparison of the in vitro properties of RNA polymerases isolated from wild type and ppGpp-deficient bacteria shows that both enzymes do not differ in i) transcription activity of various promoters (e.g. sigma(70)-rrnB P1, lambdapL, T7A1), ii) response to ppGpp, iii) promoter-RNA polymerase open complex stability. Thus, it may be concluded that ppGpp present in the bacterial cell prior to purification of the RNA polymerase does not result in the alterations to the enzyme that could be permanent and affect its in vitro transcription capacity.
Barrett's esophagus associates with a variant of IL23R gene.
Authors: Gaj Pawel , Mikula Michal , Wyrwicz Lucjan S , Regula Jaroslaw , Ostrowski Jerzy
Published: November 2019

Gastroesophageal reflux disease is regarded as a spectrum of diseases: non-erosive reflux disease (NERD), erosive reflux disease (ERD), and the far end of the spectrum represented by patients with Barrett's esophagus. Among predisposing factors, both risk and protective polymorphic variants of several genes may influence the clinical outcomes of reflux disease. Consequently, different molecular mechanisms are likely to underlie the development of clinical variants of reflux disease. Ninety six patients with reflux disease were screened for polymorphisms of CARD15, SLC22A4 (OCTN1), SLC22A5 (OCTN2), DLG5, ATG16L1 and IL23R genes which had previously been found to associate with immune-mediated chronic inflammatory disorders. While none of the polymorphisms were associated with NERD or ERD, the 1142G/A variant of the IL23R gene was found to be a risk variant in Barrett's esophagus patients. The IL23/IL23R pathway may modulate STAT3 transcriptional activity which is an essential regulator not only of immune-mediated inflammation, but also of inflammatory-associated apoptosis resistance. Although the mechanisms of metaplastic transition of inflamed squamous epithelium are undetermined as yet, our findings suggest potential involvement of alternations in the IL23/IL23R pathway as a molecular background of Barrett's esophagus development.
Interaction of anesthetic supplement thiopental with human serum albumin.
Authors: Khan Shahper N , Islam Barira , Rajeswari M R , Usmani Hammad , Khan Asad U
Published: November 2019

Thiopental (TPL) is a commonly used barbiturate anesthetic. Its binding with human serum albumin (HSA) was studied to explore the anesthetic-induced protein dysfunction. The basic binding interaction was studied by UV-absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy. An increase in the binding affinity (K) and in the number of binding sites (n) with the increasing albumin concentration was observed. The interaction was conformation-dependent and the highest for the F isomer of HSA, which implicates its slow elimination. The mode of binding was characterized using various thermodynamic parameters. Domain II of HSA was found to possess a high affinity binding site for TPL. The effect of micro-metal ions on the binding affinity was also investigated. The molecular distance, r, between donor (HSA) and acceptor (TPL) was estimated by fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET). Correlation between the stability of the TPL-N and TPL-F complexes and drug distribution is discussed. The structural changes in the protein investigated by circular dichroism (CD) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy reflect perturbation of the albumin molecule and provide an explanation for the heterogeneity of action of this anesthetic.
Investigation of a wide spectrum of inherited metabolic disorders by 13C NMR spectroscopy.
Authors: Bal Dominika , Kraska-Dziadecka Anna , Gradowska Wanda , Gryff-Keller Adam
Published: November 2019

High-resolution (1)H NMR spectroscopy of body fluids has proved to be very useful in diagnostics of inherited metabolic diseases, whereas (13)C NMR remains almost unexploited. In this paper the application of (13)C NMR spectroscopy of fivefold concentrated urine samples for diagnosis of selected metabolic diseases is reported. Various marker metabolites were identified in test urine samples from 33 patients suffering from 10 different diseases, providing information which could be crucial for their diagnoses. Spectra were accumulated for 2 h or overnight when using spectrometers operating at 9.4 or 4.7 T magnetic fields, respectively. Interpretation of the measurement results was based on a comparison of the peak positions in the measured spectrum with reference data. The paper contains a table with (13)C NMR chemical shifts of 73 standard compounds. The method can be applied individually or as an auxiliary technique to (1)H NMR or any other analytical method.
Circular dichroism analysis for multidomain proteins: studies of the irreversible unfolding of Hepatitis C virus helicase.
Authors: Gozdek Agnieszka , Stankiewicz-Drogoń Anna , Poznański Jarosław , Boguszewska-Chachulska Anna M
Published: November 2019

The non-structural protein 3 (NS3) of Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a bifunctional enzyme with RNA-dependent NTPase/RNA helicase and serine protease activities, and thus represents a promising target for anti-HCV therapy. These functions are performed by two distinct moieties; the N-terminal protease domain and the C-terminal helicase domain that further folds into three structural subdomains. To obtain lower molecular mass proteins suitable for nuclear magnetic resonance studies of helicase-inhibitor complexes, helicase domains 1, 2, and 1+2 devoid of a hydrophobic beta-loop were overexpressed and purified. Circular dichroism studies were carried out to confirm the secondary structure content and to determine thermodynamic parameters describing the stability of the proteins. Both thermal and GuHCl-induced unfolding experiments confirmed the multidomain organization of the helicase. The unfolding transition observed for domain 1+2 was in agreement with the model of two well-resolved successive steps corresponding to the independent unfolding of domains 1 and 2, respectively. In the case of the full-length helicase, the presence of domain 3 remarkably changed the transition profile, leading to fast and irreversible transformation of partially unfolded protein.
Pioglitazone, a PPAR-gamma ligand, exerts cytostatic/cytotoxic effects against cancer cells, that do not result from inhibition of proteasome.
Authors: Mrówka Piotr , Głodkowska Eliza , Młynarczuk-Biały Izabela , Biały Lukasz , Kuckelkorn Ulrike , Nowis Dominika , Makowski Marcin , Legat Magdalena , Gołab Jakub
Published: November 2019

Thiazolidinediones are oral antidiabetic agents that activate peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-gamma) and exert potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. It has also been shown that PPAR-gamma agonists induce G0/G1 arrest and apoptosis of malignant cells. Some of these effects have been suggested to result from inhibition of proteasome activity in target cells. The aim of our studies was to critically evaluate the cytostatic/cytotoxic effects of one of thiazolidinediones (pioglitazone) and its influence on proteasome activity. Pioglitazone exerted dose-dependent cytostatic/cytotoxic effects in MIA PaCa-2 cells. Incubation of tumor cells with pioglitazone resulted in increased levels of p53 and p27 and decreased levels of cyclin D1. Accumulation of polyubiquitinated proteins within cells incubated with pioglitazone suggested dysfunction of proteasome activity. However, we did not observe any influence of pioglitazone on the activity of isolated proteasome and on the proteolytic activity in lysates of pioglitazone-treated MIA PaCa-2 cells. Further, treatment with pioglitazone did not cause an accumulation of fluorescent proteasome substrates in transfected HeLa cells expressing unstable GFP variants. Our results indicate that pioglitazone does not act as a direct or indirect proteasome inhibitor.
Photodynamic effect of protoporphyrin diarginate (PPArg2) on methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and human dermal fibroblasts.
Authors: Grinholc Mariusz , Kawiak Anna , Kurlenda Julianna , Graczyk Alfreda , Bielawski Krzysztof P
Published: November 2019

The worldwide rise in the antibiotic resistance of bacteria forces the development of alternative antimicrobial treatments. A potential approach is photodynamic inactivation (PDI). The aim of the present study was to determine the phototoxicity of protoporphyrin diarginate (PPArg(2)) against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and human dermal fibroblasts. Different concentrations (0 to 20 microM) of PPArg(2) and light dose of 6 J cm(-2) were tested. Cell viability was evaluated using the methylthiazoletetrazolium (MTT) assay. Incubation with 10 microM followed by illumination yielded a 3.6 log(10)-unit reduction in the viable count for Staphylococcus aureus. At the same experimental conditions, only 22.5% of the fibroblasts were photoinactivated. Protoporphyrin diarginate at concentrations up to 20 microM demonstrated no toxicity towards S. aureus or fibroblasts when not irradiated. These results suggest that the protoporphyrin diarginate exerts a high bactericidal effect against methicillin-resistant S. aureus strain without harming eukaryotic cells.
Actividad turística en el Parque Natural Chicaque como factor de desarrollo sostenible en las veredas Chicaque y Cascajal (Cundinamarca, Colombia)
Authors: Niño Bernal Saudy Giovanna , Contreras Guevara Marcela
Published: November 2019

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo proponer acciones de mejora para generar desarrollo sostenible en las veredas Chicaque y Cascajal por medio de las actividades turísticas realizadas en el parque natural Chicaque, teniendo en cuenta que estas dos veredas se encuentran en el área de influencia del territorio delimitado por este parque. Es así como se analizan los diferentes factores en torno a tres problemáticas: el recurso hídrico, la lucha constante del territorio y la desarticulación con los grupos de interés. Para darle cumplimiento a los objetivos de la investigación, se parte de un análisis teórico-conceptual desde la teoría general de los sistemas, se realiza un diagnóstico de las actividades turísticas en el parque, se caracterizan sus grupos de interés y se determinan acciones de mejora en torno a delimitación del territorio, impactos ambientales, socioculturales y económicos.
President Trump’s Declarations on Official Development Assistance: A Change of Policy?
Authors: Zaremba Michał
Published: November 2019

For years official development assistance (ODA) has been one of the most important forms of financial assistance provided to developing countries by highly developed countries. Despite the controversy over the effectiveness of assistance, it has become a permanent element of the international aid system. With the election of Donald Trump and one of the key slogans of his campaign – America first – the political climate around official development assistance is changing. The aim of the article is to analyze the role of official development assistance in political declarations of the current president of the United States.
Revision of Japan’s Foreign Policy After Donald Trump’s Electoral Victory
Authors: Żakowski Karol
Published: November 2019

The article analyzes the process of modification of Japan’s foreign policy after Donald Trump’s election as US president. As short- and middle-range aims of Japan’s diplomatic strategy were outlined with expectation of victory of Hillary Clinton, Tokyo was forced to abruptly change its policy. Relying on the neoclassical realist theory, the article examines the complex interaction between the external factors, such as security threats from North Korea or China, and domestic factors both in Japan and the US, that is personal, institutional, societal and economic determinants. It is argued that while it was strategic convergence between Tokyo and Washington that enabled relatively smooth cooperation between Prime Minister Abe and President Trump, internal factors, such as right-wing credentials of both decision makers, distorted and to some extent facilitated this process.
Political Relations of Australia with the United States: 2000–2017
Authors: Sprengel Mieczysław
Published: November 2019

Relations between Australia and the United States have developed for long time notably during World War II. Over the following decades, cooperation has become more intense as Australians adopt many cultural patterns from the Americans. Australia declared and supported US presidents in military operations, which is why some have called Australia, America’s sheriff for working to stabilize this part of the world. One cannot overlook the personal arrangements between leaders that help shape the dynamic of deepening the mutual relations these two nations. Donald Trump’s personal interactions’ with the Prime Ministers of Australia play a significant role in this regard.
Heterogeneity of the Notion of Interest in Accordance with the International Relations Theory: A Study of Russia’s National Interests
Authors: Sadłocha Jarosław
Published: November 2019

The category of a national interest is one of the most popular notions used in international relations. It has a polysemic character and is differently interpreted by various scientific perspectives. The purpose of this article is to provide a brief analysis of selected approaches of the theory of international relations to defining interests and correlating the interpretations of national interests of the Russian Federation performed on their bases. The choice of case study concerning the foreign policy of the Russian Federation is not accidental because in countries aspiring to gain world power the concept of national interest is raised while explaining the motives of decisions taken by their leaders exceptionally often. In this article, Russia’s interests will be discussed in reference to the annexation of the Crimea and Russia’s actions towards Ukraine. Those events vividly show the specificity of defining the national interests, based on one hand on the pursue to being a powerhouse and understanding the interests in the category of power and, on the other hand, resulting from the political identity of Russian elites. As a result, an assessment of the scientific utility of selected theoretical paradigms and their use in the analyses of Russia’s foreign policy will be outlined.
Uşak İlinde Depolanmış Buğdaylarda Bulunan Zararlı ve Yararlı Böcek Türleri ve Yaygınlıklarının Belirlenmesi
Authors: Zengin Erdal , Karaca İsmail
Published: November 2019

Türkiye
ekonomisi için oldukça önemli olan buğday, depolama aşamasında bazı zararlı
böcek türlerinin istilasına uğramaktadır. Dünya genelinde depolanmış
ürünlerdeki böcekler tarafından sebep olunan ürün kaybı yaklaşık %5
civarındadır. Bu çalışmayla 2016-2017 yıllarında, Uşak ili ve ilçelerindeki üretici
depolarında bulunan buğday örneklerindeki böcek türleri ve bu türlerin populasyon
yoğunlukları ile yaygınlık oranları belirlenmiştir. Toplam 6 ilçeden alınan 114
adet örneğin incelenmesi sonucunda, 25 farklı böcek türü saptanmış olup bu
türlerden, Dienerella sp., Cephalonomia tarsalis (Ashmead), Trogoderma variabile (Ballion) ve Liposcelis decolor (Pearman)’ın Türkiye’de
ilk kez buğday depolarında bulunduğu ortaya konmuştur.
Uma leitura dos usos e compreensões do conceito de socialização em periódicos da educação musical (2005-2017)
Authors: Bozzetto Adriana
Published: November 2019

Este artigo apresenta um balanço da produção de trabalhos publicados em periódicos classificados pelo Qualis A1 e A2 da Capes (Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior), no campo da educação musical. O objetivo foi conhecer e analisar estudos que abordam o uso e o conceito de socialização em revistas da referida área, compreendendo o mesmo como processo educativo em múltiplos espaços presentes na contemporaneidade. Este trabalho integra a primeira etapa da pesquisa de pós-doutorado realizada na Faculdade de Educação da Universidade de São Paulo, a partir do interesse por um aprofundamento conceitual das teorias sociológicas dos processos de socialização. Os trabalhos que compuseram o corpus documental desta investigação compreendem vinte artigos publicados entre 2005 e 2017, no período de doze anos, nas três categorias analíticas delineadas, a saber: (1) uso tradicional do termo, (2) uso em compreensão sociológica e (3) ênfase teórica. Observa-se o crescente interesse da área de educação musical em compreender os efeitos das mídias na socialização de crianças e jovens, notadamente a partir de artigos identificados na segunda e terceira categorias. Junta-se às discussões sobre mídias o lugar da família para compreender um espaço privilegiado de formação de gosto e referenciais musicais, que trabalha junto à construção identitária dos indivíduos. Nesse sentido, o espaço educativo da escola não trabalha sozinho, carrega consigo a responsabilidade de abrir-se para novos desafios e demandas da vida cotidiana, considerando experiências e saberes individuais construídos em outros espaços de formação.
The Voices of Male Nurses in Kerala: Career Choice and Satisfaction
Authors: George Cinoj , Arman Bhatti Feyza
Published: November 2019

There are more male nurses than ever before in India. While there is a large number of studies that focus on the differences in working conditions between male and female nurses and perceptions towards male nurses in western contexts, these studies are almost non-existent in highly patriarchal contexts like India. Utilising twenty semi-structured interviews with male nurses in three cities of Kerala, geospatially located in South India, this research aims at exploring the reasons why male nurses select the profession and their gendered experiences during their career paths. The research argues that male nurses select the profession for increasing their chances to migrate to industrialised countries like Australia and the United Kingdom. However, they face various social and work-related impediments in their career, which include negative perceptions of families and others towards the profession, the discrimination faced in terms of occupational segregation at the workplace, negative perceptions towards their manhood and the difficulties in finding a bride. Male nurses, if unsuccessful in migrating abroad, are not committed to remaining in the profession, particularly after their “shelf-lives” are over. In this case, they are highly likely to move to other professions or migrate to second-option countries in the Middle East. This emerges as a concern for India which is in dire need of nurses and highlights that Indian and State governments need to take prompt actions that would eliminate the stereotypes concerning male nurses, improve the working conditions and reduce discrimination towards male nurses, and in general to include more men in mainstream nursing.
Nominations of Molecular Cuisine Dishes: Lexical, Syntactic and Semantic Analysis
Authors: Novikova Olga , Garipova Gulnara , Izimarieva Zulfiya
Published: November 2019

Non-traditional foods of molecular cuisine are a new category of foods and experience for consumers. The objective of this study was to conduct the structural and semantic analysis of the names of dishes of this new scientific field and avant-garde culinary practice. The main idea was to reveal the trend and trace the dynamics of naming dishes and to define the degree of reflecting the essence of molecular cuisine in the names of dishes. The study of empirical material taken from current collections of recipes and restaurant menus using a set of linguistic analysis methods has allowed authors to identify models of the syntactic organisation of nominations; characterise the primary way of connecting their components as oxymoron; highlight a number of keywords that arrange these nominations on the basis of cooking technology into several subject groups; postulate the predominance of phrase-names with transparent semantics over names with an opaque inner form including eponymous nominations; outline the ways of further studying the names of dishes of this cuisine from comparative, translational and linguistic-cognitive points of view.
Understanding Proximate Factors Associated With Perpetration of Intimate Partner Violence by Men In India
Authors: Thomas Bigi , Trivedi HP , Subhash Rema , Pathak Sangeetha N
Published: November 2019

At a time when there is a severe dearth of men centric versions of intimate partner violence and the perpetuation of the same by men shows anomalous surge around the world, it is essential to investigate the predictive factors of the same with its intricacies from perpetrators perspectives too. Understanding the factors instrumental in making perpetrators of violence, especially when violence on women is the demonstration of men's failure to appreciate the inherent poise and parity of women, can enable us to have policy interventions to involve men as a part of solution in our efforts towards combating all forms of violence, resulted from aggressive masculinity with gender stereotypes, which sanctions use of violence as well as a sense of entitlement over women.

This study attempts to encapsulate the links between IPV perpetration and perpetrators' attitude towards gender equality, childhood gender inequity & violence experiences and explores the associations between education, age, occupation and income of perpetrators on IPV. A quantitative research design was followed in this study where 1600 men from four different districts, having different gender equality and development indices, within Gujarat, India were selected by proportionate random sampling.

The results of this study vividly demonstrate the ubiquity of IPV, a petrifying crime pervasive around the world. It also underlines how strong and deeply rooted patriarchal attitudes internalised within men are intricately linked to their inclination towards IPV. Childhood gender inequity, as well as violence experiences of men, is also emerged as a set of proximate factors found to be significantly correlated with their propensity to be violent towards women. This study immensely contributes towards policy recommendations which will help generations to disapprove of violence on women and grow up with gender equity attitudes.
Conservation and Livelihood Conflict of Kaziranga National Park: A World Heritage Site of Assam, India
Authors: Hazarika Arup Kumar , Kalita Unmilan
Published: November 2019

The conservation history of Kaziranga National Park has traversed many a path since it was first recognised as a ‘game sanctuary’ in 1916. The unique aesthetics and richness of its biodiversity, severely afflicted by natural and anthropogenic interventions now and then, has necessitated conservation of this wildlife reserve. An outcome of the conservation process pertains to disruptions in livelihood of the local communities, that have for generations, used the park’s natural resources and therefore, had become a part of its natural evolution. Hundreds of people have lost their livelihoods and violent confrontations have become a typical scene, with the communities being utterly left out of the conservation process. In this light, the present essay envisages discussing the centrality of community participation in the conservation of Kaziranga National Park vis-à-vis a conjugation of the conservation process and livelihood aspirations of the local people.
Feature Selection Based on Robust LLE Vote and Its Application to Bearing Fault Diagnosis
Authors: Yin Haishuang , Hu Zebiao , Liu Yuanhong
Published: November 2019

The purpose of feature selection is to find important features from the original high-dimensional space. As atypical feature selection algorithm, Locally linear embedding(LLE)-based feature selection algorithm, which applies the idea of LLE to the graph-preserving feature selection framework, has been received wide attention. However, LLE-based feature selection framework is sensitive to noise and K-nearest neighbors. To address these problems, an improved LLE-based feature selection algorithm, robust LLE (RLLE) vote, is proposed. In this algorithm, $l_1$ and $l_2$ regularization are introduced into the high-dimensional reconstruction model of LLE. Furthermore, RLLE vote also proposes a criterion to measure the difference between the reconstruction features and the original features, and then the importance features can be selected by this criteria. Extensive experiments are carried out on a benchmark fault data set and the bearing data set collected from our own laboratory, and the experimental results demonstrate that RLLE vote achieves the most significant performance compared existing state-of-art methods.
Effect of Coil Configuration Design on Al Solidified Structure Refinement
Authors: Zhao Jing , Yu Ji-hao , Han Ke , Zhong Hong-gang , Li Ren-xing , Zhai Qi-jie
Published: November 2019

This paper outlines our effort on optimizing Pulsed Magneto-Oscillation (PMO) design in order to improve the efficiency of ingot manufacturing under PMO. Our calculation and experiment provided optimized PMO coil design and special configuration. Our optimized PMO design offered us a device that enabled the operator to examine and operate the melt without losing the efficiency. In one of the designs, the equipment even refined the grain sizes. Our work also showed an optimized distance range between the coil and the melt surface that maximized the refinement effects.
FAKTOR PENGEMBANGAN DAN ISU DALAM MASALAH KARIER PUSTAKAWAN
Authors: Masriyatun Masriyatun
Published: November 2019

Human resource development is the personnel development activities in order to meet the desired career plan. Librarians in the organization of the library is expected to develop its potential. For that, it takes several factors in the career development of librarians and can not be denied that there will be issues in it. For development factors, including 1) fairness in career librarians; 2) care and supervision of a body builder; 3) awareness of career opportunities; 4) interest librarian; 5) librarian career satisfaction. While the issues in the career development of librarians, among them 1) membership librarian; 2) doubt in promotion; 3) the enforceability of the career development of librarians; 4) career opportunities for librarians; 5) diversity librarian position; 6) promotion of librarians; 7) the organization’s commitment to a career librarian.

Keywords: librarian’s career, development, issue
MENGUAK INFORMASI VIA ALEXA.COM SEBAGAI EVALUASI MENUJU OPTIMALISASI KEBERAKSESAN TERHADAP PERPUSTAKAAN DAN INSTITUSINYA
Authors: Suwarno Wiji
Published: November 2019

Website institutions is an important part in order to promoting an institution to public widely. Website able to penetrate the various layers of society in a variety of conditions. Therefore, alexa.com initiative to calculate and make coarse count data of various possibilities for the treatment of society against the institution’s website, so that it can be made a ranking, a good popularity world-class website and the state level, people’s interest in the website, and also parts which websites most interested in a particular website’s home institution.

Keywords: institutional website, evaluation, optimization of access
OPTIMALISASI LAYANAN PENELUSURAN SUMBER-SUMBER INFORMASI UNTUK MENDUKUNG PENULISAN KARYA ILMIAH DOSEN DAN MAHASISWA DI PERGURUAN TINGGI
Authors: Hapsari Dian
Published: November 2019

Publication of scientific papers for lecturers and students is a demand that can not be avoided. In order to find information as an ingredient in the manufacture of scientific work, the necessary sources of quality information and reliable. The library, in this case the librarian must be responsive and observant in seeing user needs. One way that can be done by librarians in providing information relating to the publication of scientific works of faculty and students is by providing search services information sources. To be able to do it optimally, it needs the capability to master the sources of information, including how to use search facilities and information search strategy. Thus, the term college library as the heart really can be realized with the maximum.

Keywords: information search, librarians, scientific papers
Fracturing Creates Hundreds of Fractures - Only a Few Matter
Authors: Rassenfoss Stephen
Published: November 2019

It would be exceedingly hard to find anyone with more experience extracting data from a fractured reservoir than Kevin Raterman.

After nearly a decade as co-leader of ConocoPhillip’s one-a-kind test site in the Eagle Ford, Raterman, a reservoir engineering advisor at the company, has had the opportunity to use just about every sort of diagnostic test.

He was the lead writer on the latest technical paper (URTeC 263) about the test site that studied “core, image logs, proppant tracer, distributed temperature sensing, distributed acoustic sensing, and pressure, which shows that not all hydraulic fractures are created equal.”

Among those, the measurements from an array of downhole pressure gauges loomed largest.

Raterman’s advice to those analyzing fractured reservoirs is to install more downhole pressure gauges to identify where fractures are draining the rock and where they are not. Those carefully placed sensors observed large pressure differences at locations as close as 45 ft apart.

“The more spatial pressure data you have, the better off you are,” he said. Pressure gauges are one of the oldest tools for reservoir analysis, and one of the more affordable. The test site plan to gather spatial data, though, significantly upped the ante. It required installing gauges in the reservoir at carefully chosen locations in what would normally be inaccessible rock.

ConocoPhillips installed 14 pressure gauges in monitoring wells around the fractured producing well, where the 15th gauge was located. Based on other diagnostic tests, the locations showed how a small number of large fractures can play a dominant role in draining the reservoir. It was part of ConocoPhillips’ exhaustive reservoir test in the Eagle Ford that was launched in the heady days when $100/bbl oil seemed like a given.

The new technical paper examined 12 pressure gauges installed in a monitoring well originally drilled for testing, which had focused on imaging thousands of feet of rock and collecting one of the largest samples of fractured core•ever (Fig. 1).

The core samples were the stars of the first test site paper in 2017 (URTeC• 2670034). That attracted a lot of attention because the samples contained a complex mix of large and small fractures that contradicted widespread assumptions about fracturing.

It was widely assumed that the millions of pounds of sand pumped to prop open fractures extended to a large area around the well. But at those far field locations, from 60–400 ft from the well, “evidence for well propped fractures is sparse.”

Those samples were also interesting because hydraulically fractured core is rarely collected. Coring fractured rock is costly and difficult. The ConocoPhillips team had to develop a method to collect the fragile, cracked samples.

There are limits to what can be learned from the cracks in a cylinder of rock a few inches wide. Those fracture segments are a static piece of a dynamic system.
Identification of NHXs in Gossypium species and the positive role of GhNHX1 in salt tolerance
Authors: Long Lu , Zhao Jing-Ruo , Guo Dan-dan , Ma Xiao-Nan , Xu Fu-Chun , Yang Wen-Wen , Gao Wei
Published: November 2019

Background: Plant Na + /H + antiporters (NHXs) are membrane-localized proteins that maintain cellular Na + /K + and pH homeostasis. Considerable evidence highlighted the critical roles of NHX family in plant development and salt response; however, NHXs in cotton are rarely studied.
Results: The comprehensive and systematic comparative study of NHXs in three Gossypium species was performed. We identified 12, 12, and 23 putative NHX proteins from G. arboreum , G. raimondii , and G. hirsutum , respectively. Phylogenetic study revealed that repeated polyploidization of Gossypium spp. contributed to the expansion of NHX family. Gene structure analysis showed that cotton NHXs contain many introns, which will lead to alternative splicing and help plants to adapt to high salt concentrations in soil. The expression changes of NHX s indicate the possible differences in the roles of distinct NHX s in salt response. GhNHX1 was proved to be located in the vacuolar system and intensively induced by salt stress in cotton. Silencing of GhNHX1 resulted in enhanced sensitivity of cotton seedlings to high salt concentrations, which suggests that GhNHX1 positively regulates cotton tolerance to salt stress.
Conclusion: We characterized the gene structure, phylogenetic relationship, chromosomal location, and expression pattern of NHX genes from G. arboreum , G. raimondii , and G. hirsutum . Our findings indicated that the cotton NHX genes are regulated meticulously and differently at the transcription level with possible alternative splicing. The tolerance of plants to salt stress may rely on the expression level of a particular NHX , rather than the number of NHXs in the genome. This study could provide significant insights into the function of plant NHX s, as well as propose promising candidate genes for breeding salt-resistant cotton cultivars.
Incidence of seriously injured road users in a Swedish region, 2003–2014, from the perspective of a national road safety policy
Authors: Värnild Astrid , Larm Peter , Tillgren Per
Published: November 2019

Background: Since 1997 Sweden has a policy for road safety called Vision Zero. Given that Vision Zero is mainly used to reduce fatalities among car occupants, the question has been raised by the research community whether a Vision Zero approach promotes health for all road traffic users. The objective is to measure target fulfilment of the national road safety policy for a Swedish region by examining incidence of serious injury during 2003–2014 in rural and urban road spaces with or without implemented measures.Methods: Data on seriously injured road users, defined as ISS>8 (Injury Severity Scale), were retrieved from STRADA (Swedish Traffic Accident Data Acquisition) together with data from NVDB (National Road Database). These data are used to describe where road users are seriously injured in relation to implemented national policy and using a conceptual model of a road space comprising roads, pavements and tracks for walking and cycling. Seriously injured road users in single and multiple crashes with and without vehicles are included. The development of the incidence is analysed for different road users and places in the road space.Results: Despite implemented road safety measures in the region, the incidence of seriously injured road users per 100,000 inhabitants in rural areas increased from 7.8 in 2003 to 9.3 in 2014 but doubled in urban areas from 8.0 in to 16.3 respectively. In areas not transformed by Vision Zero, only 36% were injured in rural areas while 64% were injured in urban areas. In contrast, in transformed areas 61% of injuries occurred in rural areas, whereas 39% occurred in urban areas. While the incidence decreased for car occupants on transformed national roads in rural areas, the incidence of serious injuries increased among unprotected road users in urban areas, in particular on pavements and tracks for cycling and walking than on the roads where Vision Zero had been implemented. Conclusion: The reduction in the incidence for car occupants in the region may not be adequate to contribute to fulfilling the national target. More needs to be done, especially in the urban areas, where more active mobility is desired.
The emotional labour of quality improvement work in end of life care: a qualitative study of Patient and Family Centred Care in England
Authors: Boulton Richard , Boaz Annette
Published: November 2019

BACKGROUND There is a growing emphasis on understanding patient experience in order to inform efforts to support improvement. This paper reports findings from an implementation study of an evidence-based intervention called Patient and Family Centred Care (PFCC) designed to tap into patient experiences as a basis for improvement. In this study the PFCC intervention was spread to a new service area (end of life care) and delivered at scale in England. The findings presented here focus specifically on one key aspect of the intervention: staff shadowing of patients, and the experiences of staff carrying out shadowing for the purposes of service improvements.METHODS The study methods were ethnographic observations of key events, semi-structured interviews with members of participating teams and the programme implementation support team and managers, and a review of the documents used in the set up and running of the programme.RESULTS One of the key strengths of the PFCC approach is to encourage staff through shadowing to engage with patient experience of services. Many staff described the process of shadowing as a transformative experience that alerted them to immediate areas where their services could be improved. However, engaging with patient experience of end of life care services also had unintended consequences for some staff in the form of emotional labour. Furthermore, we observed difficulties encountered by staff that are not accounted for in the existing PFCC literature relating to how care service structures may unevenly distribute the amount of ‘emotional labour’ that staff members need to invest in implementing the programme.CONCLUSIONS Connecting with patient experience is a crucial aspect of a number of quality improvement interventions that aim to help staff to engage with the lived experience of their services and reconnect their motivations for working in the health care system. However, there may be unintended consequences for health care service staff, particularly in sensitive areas of service delivery such as end of life care. The ‘emotional labour’ for staff of engaging in quality improvement work informed by patient experience should be considered in planning and supporting patient experience led quality improvement.