bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Monitoring Means and Results of Biosecurity in Pig Fattening Farms: Systematic Assessment of Measures in Place and Exploration of Biomarkers of Interest
Authors: Scollo Annalisa , Levallois Pierre , Fourichon Christine , Motta Ambra , Mannelli Alessandro , Lombardo Francesco , Ferrari Paolo
Published: October 2022

Limited data are available regarding animal-based biomarkers over time as outcomes of biosecurity in pig farms. The aim of this study was to gain an insight into the biosecurity implementation in a convenience sample of 15 swine herds, and to describe potential biomarkers of interest; inputs from a systematic evaluation of biosecurity implementation were used to develop tailor-made biosecurity protocols monitored over a 12-month period. The farms’ implementation was then described, and animal-based biomarkers were explored as output parameters. A significative biosecurity improvement was observed at the end of the study (p = 0.047), in particular in the professional zone (p = 0.012). Four clusters of farms were identified for their progress on biosecurity implementation by means of Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA): 4/15 farms improved their biosecurity only in the professional zone, 8/15 showed scarce/null improvement of total biosecurity, 2/15 worsened their biosecurity, and 1/15 greatly improved biosecurity. The farm biosecurity profiles showing an improvement included farms with a reduction in lung lesions and scars at slaughter at the end of the study. The results suggest that a systematic evaluation of biosecurity is a useful approach to formulate tailor-made biosecurity plans and monitor their implementation; biomarkers might bring insight into the outcomes of biosecurity.
Fertility Control and the Welfare of Free-Roaming Horses and Burros on U.S. Public Lands: The Need for an Ethical Framing
Authors: Rutberg Allen T. , Turner John W. , Herman Karen
Published: October 2022

To be effective and publicly acceptable, management of free-roaming horses and burros in the United States and elsewhere needs a consistent ethical framing of the animals and the land they occupy. In the U.S., the two laws that largely govern wild horse and burro management, the 1971 Wild Free-Roaming Horse and Burro Act and the 1976 Federal Land Policy and Management Act (“FLPMA”), rest on conflicting foundations, the former based on an ethic of care and the latter on largely utilitarian principles. These conflicts specifically fuel debates over the selection of appropriate fertility control agents for horse and burro management. Because land-use and management decisions are largely controlled by the FLPMA, and because the ethical treatment of animals is typically considered under conditions established by their use, both the larger debate about equids and land management and the specific debate about fertility control are dominated by cost/benefit calculations and avoid broader ethical considerations. In our view, the long-term health and ethical treatment of free-roaming horses and burros, the lands they occupy, and the wildlife and people they share it with will require the replacement of the resource-use model with a more holistic, care-based approach.
Alloimmune Neutropenia in a Neonate: Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Prasath Arun , Grafius Alanna , Bonanno Mona , Ambrusko Steven , Nair Jayasree
Published: October 2022

Neonatal alloimmune neutropenia, variably referred to in the literature as NAIN, FNAIN or NIN, is a disorder of neutrophil destruction in newborns similar to better-known conditions such as hemolytic disease of the newborn and neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (FNAIT). Infants affected by this self-limiting condition can present asymptomatically or have a wide range of symptoms, from skin manifestations and mucositis to severe infections such as sepsis and pneumonia. In our case, we report an otherwise asymptomatic term infant born with severe neutropenia to a mother affected by COVID-19 in the 3rd trimester. However, it is unclear if COVID-19 contributed to our patients’ neutropenia. Diagnostic testing eventually revealed the presence of anti-neutrophil antibodies, confirming the diagnosis of alloimmune neutropenia. The infant was conservatively managed with early discharge prior to resolution of neutropenia and close post-discharge follow up.
Modern development of the international system and its impact on the management of the national defense of the Russian Federation
Authors:   The military institute (national defense department) of the Military Academy of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, Korzhevsky A. S. , Tolstykh V. V. ,   The military institute (national defense department) of the Military Academy of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, Kopylov I. A. ,   The military institute (national defense department) of the Military Academy of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation
Published: October 2022

The article analyzes the current state of the system of international relations in the context of the transformation of the modern world order. It is determined that cardinal changes in the system of international relations occur due to the destructive policy of the collective West led by the United States, aimed at maintaining a unipolar world and dominance in the world political process. Under these conditions, the new centers of world development, to which the authors include Russia, China and India, tend to pursue an independent and uncontrolled foreign policy, which is not supported by Washington. It is noted that the confrontation between the leading centers of regional and world development for global leadership is accompanied by the destruction of the architecture of international security and the unleashing of a new arms race. It is stated that during the presidency of D. Trump, the United States, trying to stop the economic development of China, unleashed world sanctions wars, which resumed with the greatest force after the arrival of the new US President D. Biden and the start of a special military operation in Ukraine. It is determined that the sanctions wars gave rise to global risks, to which the authors include the destruction of the institutions of international law, the support of the West for organized transnational criminal groups in the areas of drug traffi cking and the organization of illegal migration, the fi nancing and support of the United States and its allies of terrorist and extremist organizations, radicals and Nazis. Numerous examples of numerous sanctions imposed against the Russian Federation in the political, economic, military, social, legal and other spheres of public life are given, which required the states to coordinate their actions to ensure the national security of the Russian Federation, and the federal executive authorities to develop and apply numerous countermeasures against them. The modern activities of the military-political leadership of the Russian Federation are analyzed, which made it possible to neutralize the main challenges and threats to the Russian state, increase the level of the country's defense capability, and protect the main spheres of public life of Russian society from the destructive impact of foreign policy factors. The results are summed up and the authors make a forecast about the further development of the system of international relations, as well as the place and role of the Russian Federation in them.
Russia on the way to space without weapons: problems and achievements
Authors:   Diplomatic academy of MFA of Russia, Moscow, Malov A. Y.
Published: October 2022

Оn concrete steps and initiatives of Russia on the prevention of arms race in space (PAROS) and obstacles on this way, on approaches of the key space fairing western states towards these initiatives. use of outer space for military purposes. The article asserts that the real international legal barrier on the way of transforming space into the «battle fi eld» are called to be legally binding agreements in this fi eld. The article presents analysis on the key elements of eventual international instrument on PAROS, in particular, basic defi nitions and stipulations which could lay the basis of corresponding international document as well as peculiarities of other initiatives and proposals targeted to achieving this aim — Russia's proposal concerning a Treaty on the Prevention of the Placement of Weapons in Outer Space, the Threat or Use of Force against Outer Space Objects (PPWT), which provides for a ban on the placement of weapons of any kind in outer space and on any use of force against space objects, the initial draft of which was submitted jointly with China within the Conference on Disarmament back in 2008, political commitment not to be the fi rst to place weapons in outer space (NFP) and transparency and confi dence building measures (TCBMs). The article evaluates the activities of the USA and their allies in their attempts to devaluate the initiatives of Russia and likeminded countries in this fi eld and to channel international eff orts in the stream which suits there strategic interests. The article postulates that doctrines, practical measures and science and technology elaborations of the USA, France and NATO as a whole in the fi eld of militarization of space brings closer the stage of a qualitative arms race in outer space. The article asserts that despite the window of opportunities for the preventive diplomatic measures being narrowed, practical eff orts for PAROS should be continued.
Joe Biden's visit to the Middle East: losses and gains
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Scientifi c Institution ", Ivanov S. M. ,   National Research Institute of World Economy and International Relations named after E. M. Primakov of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow
Published: October 2022

The article analyzes the US foreign policy in the Middle East in the context of the growing confrontation between the collective West and Russia against the backdrop of the Ukrainian crisis. Particular attention is paid to the results of the visit of US President Joe Biden to Israel, to the West Bank of the Jordan River to the State of Palestine and to Saudi Arabia, which he made in mid-July 2022. The author comes to the conclusion that another attempt by Washington to draw the countries of the region into its behind-the-scenes foreign policy games has failed. The Middle Eastern allies and partners of the United States represented by Israel, the monarchies of the Persian Gulf and other Arab states took a neutral position in relation to the confl ict in Ukraine, and the oil and gas exporting countries did not go for a sharp increase in hydrocarbon supplies to the EU countries and the UK, as he insistently asked Biden. The White House failed to put together a regional anti-Iranian bloc on the basis of the Cooperation Council for the Arab States of the Persian Gulf (GCC), as the leaders of Qatar, Oman and Iraq are determined to maintain their traditional ties and contacts with Tehran. Moreover, these countries are making mediation eff orts to normalize relations between the Saudi Arabia and Iran, and there are prerequisites for success in this matter. In general, the Arabs do not support the US administration's concept of hegemony in the world and building a unipolar world order in the Middle East. Even with some remaining dependence on the United States and the West as a whole in the fi nancial, economic, military-technical and other fi elds, the Arab countries prefer to pursue an independent policy on key issues of our time, develop a multipolar world, and maintain mutually benefi cial and respectful relations with all states, including China and Russia. The Arab capitals are in no hurry to speed up the rapprochement with the State of Israel, which is imposed by Washington, expecting from its leadership to intensify eff orts to justly resolve the Palestinian problem and liberate the illegally occupied Arab lands. Even the bogey exaggerated by the White House of a common threat to the Middle East from the hypothetical appearance of Iran's nuclear weapons and its expansion in the region cannot persuade the Persian Gulf monarchies and other Arab countries to cooperate with Jerusalem in the military or military-technical fields.
FORMATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL COMPETENCE OF FUTURE BIOLOGY TEACHERS
Authors: BIDA O. , CHYCHUK A. , KUCHAI O. , GONCHARUK V. , KUCHAI T.
Published: October 2022

The article reveals the essence of the concept of "ecological competence" and substantiates the structural components of the formation of ecological competence of future biology teachers.

Three levels of formation of environmental competence of future science teachers are defined: low – unconscious involuntary incompetence, medium – conscious voluntary incompetence, high – conscious voluntary competence.

The concept of the formation of ecological competence of future biology teachers is revealed, which covers the purpose, tasks, principles, methodological approaches, content, pedagogical conditions for the development and implementation of the studied ability in the process of professional training. The purpose of the concept is methodological substantiation, theoretical and methodical provision of professional training of future biology teachers as a system-integrating basis for the formation of environmental competence. The leading idea of ​​the concept is the justification and development of such a system for the formation of ecological competence of future biology teachers, the basis of which is the creation and functioning of an ecologically oriented environment, the implementation of which in the educational process at the strategic level rationalizes, modernizes and modifies the educational content of professional training and is a system-integrating basis the formation of a pedagogical phenomenon. The concept of forming the ecological competence of future biology teachers is implemented at the methodological, theoretical, methodical and practical levels.
DIDACTIC POTENTIAL OF FORMATIVE ASSESSMENT AS A TOOL FOR PROFESSIONAL TRAINING OF FUTURE PHYSICAL CULTURE TEACHERS IN CONDITIONS OF BLENDED LEARNING
Authors: DANYSKO O.
Published: October 2022

The formation of digital pedagogy in conditions of global digitalization leads to a rethinking of educational paradigm and development and implementation of new methods of educational process organizing. These changes primarily concern higher pedagogical education, as the development of digital technologies changes the approaches to the training of future teachers and improving its quality. Blended learning, which has become a traditional way of organizing the educational process in higher educational institutions during the pandemic, has highlighted the problem of finding effective tools to motivate students to learn, the formation of academic self-regulation in combined educational environments. One of such innovative tools that changes the approaches to the organization of mixed courses is formative assessment.

The research defines the essence and empirically generalizes the didactic potential of formative assessment as a tool of professional training of future physical culture teachers in conditions of blended learning. It is emphasized that formative assessment is an interactive and informal assessment of the level of academic achievements of students. The purpose of using formative assessment in professional education is to ensure scientific and reflexive independence of students, prevention and elimination of gaps in their mastering of knowledge, skills and abilities.

The characteristics of modelling and designing the educational and professional experience of future physical culture teachers in conditions of blended learning through the algorithms of planning, monitoring and reflection are generalized. The didactic potential of formative evaluation in the process of professional training of future physical culture teachers in conditions of blended learning is determined: constructive and automated feedback (both for the teacher and for the student); timely and accurate description of the student's strengths and weaknesses, as well as suggestions for further activities that will support student development; differentiation and adaptation of the educational process to the needs of students, the development of their reflexive and evaluative skills of self-control, self-evaluation and mutual evaluation; increasing of cognitive activity, formation of academic independence, the ability to make informed educational choices and ways of professional development; formation of communicative competencies and skills of interpersonal communication.
Age, sex, and socioeconomic differences in multimorbidity measured in four ways: UK primary care cross-sectional analysis
Authors: MacRae Clare , Mercer Stewart W , Henderson David , McMinn Megan , Morales Daniel R , Jefferson Emily , Lyons Ronan A , Lyons Jane , Dibben Chris , McAllister David A , Guthrie Bruce
Published: October 2022

Background

Multimorbidity poses major challenges to healthcare systems worldwide. Definitions with cut-offs in excess of ≥2 long-term conditions (LTCs) might better capture populations with complexity but are not standardised.

Aim

To examine variation in prevalence using different definitions of multimorbidity.

Design and setting

Cross-sectional study of 1 168 620 people in England.

Method

Comparison of multimorbidity (MM) prevalence using four definitions: MM2+ (≥2 LTCs), MM3+ (≥3 LTCs), MM3+ from 3+ (≥3 LTCs from ≥3 International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision chapters), and mental–physical MM (≥2 LTCs where ≥1 mental health LTC and ≥1 physical health LTC are recorded). Logistic regression was used to examine patient characteristics associated with multimorbidity under all four definitions.

Results

MM2+ was most common (40.4%) followed by MM3+ (27.5%), MM3+ from 3+ (22.6%), and mental–physical MM (18.9%). MM2+, MM3+, and MM3+ from 3+ were strongly associated with oldest age (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 58.09, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 56.13 to 60.14; aOR 77.69, 95% CI = 75.33 to 80.12; and aOR 102.06, 95% CI = 98.61 to 105.65; respectively), but mental–physical MM was much less strongly associated (aOR 4.32, 95% CI = 4.21 to 4.43). People in the most deprived decile had equivalent rates of multimorbidity at a younger age than those in the least deprived decile. This was most marked in mental–physical MM at 40–45 years younger, followed by MM2+ at 15–20 years younger, and MM3+ and MM3+ from 3+ at 10–15 years younger. Females had higher prevalence of multimorbidity under all definitions, which was most marked for mental–physical MM.

Conclusion

Estimated prevalence of multimorbidity depends on the definition used, and associations with age, sex, and socioeconomic position vary between definitions. Applicable multimorbidity research requires consistency of definitions across studies.
Gestión emocional y estrés en tiempos de crisis sanitaria una mirada a los actores
Authors: Ticona Mamani Martha , Vásquez Machicao Lalo , Ortega Achata Olger Alejandrino , García Bedoya Nancy Mónica
Published: October 2022

Durante la crisis sanitaria las estudiantes del programa de Educación Inicial desarrollaron las asignaturas mediante la modalidad virtual y a distancia, en la cual, surgieron muchas dificultades que repercutieron en el aspecto emocional generado por el estrés. El estudio tuvo por propósito determinar la relación entre la inteligencia emocional y el estrés. De enfoque cuantitativo de tipo y diseño no experimental. La población fue de 426 estudiantes, y el muestreo estratificado de 170; Se aplicó dos cuestionarios, los inventarios de ICE BarOn de 130 preguntas y del estrés de 96 preguntas. Los resultados fueron que, la gestión emocional se relaciona con el estrés, según la prueba de hipótesis, X_C^2=45,340>X_t^2=26,3; donde se acepta la hipótesis alterna. En conclusión, los estudiantes tienen buena gestión emocional en lo intrapersonal e interpersonal, y en cuanto a adaptabilidad, estado de ánimo y manejo de estrés se necesita atención para la prevención de la salud mental.
One of the ways to decompose the problem of optimization of rolling modes on a heavy-plate mill
Authors:   Institute of Mathematical Machines and Systems Problems of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Ievlev M.G.
Published: October 2022

In control theory, decomposition is a method according to which the studied system is divided into subsystems, the problem – into subproblems, etc., each of which is solved independently. The procedure of strict decomposition is based on a clearly formulated mathematical apparatus of decomposition of problems with block structure, as well as on various parametric methods. Heuristic decomposition methods allow an informal analysis of the specified tasks and make it possible to divide them on the basis of intuitive predictions about the interaction of individual tasks. Such a division can be based on various criteria, for example, the minimum of broken ties, technological or economic considerations, the division by stages of the management process, etc. The problem of optimization of rolling mills on a heavy-plate mill is multidimensional and characterized by several output indicators, each of which is a function of several controls. To solve this task it is necessary to replace a vector criterion with a scalar one. After that, there arises the problem of determining the weight coefficients of various indicators, which in the general case is solved at the level of expert assessments, and the efficiency of optimization of automatic control by this criterion is significantly determined by the experience of experts. In this situation, you can use the methods of heuristic decomposition, which allows you to analyze informally set tasks and make it possible to divide them on the basis of intuitive predictions about the interaction of individual tasks. The paper considers the formulation of the problem of optimization of rolling modes on heavy-plate mills by decomposing the general automation problem into a number of single-criteria problems using heuristic methods, which allows ensuring maximum efficiency of automation. The above scientific and technical solutions can be used in the development of automated control systems for rolling modes on the heavy-plate mill.
The architecture of rehabilitation systems with biological feedback
Authors:   Institute of Cybernetics named after V.M. Hlushkova National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kurgaev O.P.
Published: October 2022

Non-invasiveness, non-toxicity, reliability, and efficiency make the systems with biological feedback (BF) the most promising for improvement. The structures of the vast majority of BF-systems have been studied and the most advanced one has been proposed. The technical essence of the BF-method lies in the computer registration of certain physiological indicators that are not available for direct human perception and their transformation into a form understandable to people. Since all systems of the human organism are directly subject to the constant influ-ence of the central nervous system, the most promising type of BF is neurobiocontrol of self-learning of your own brain. The general BCI (Brain-Computer-Interface) scheme contains an encephalograph whose inputs are connected to the patient's scalp and the outputs – to a comput-er connected to a controlled device. Using AI, BCI options are greatly expanded to include cur-sor control, auditory sensations, limb control, spelling devices, somatic sensations, and visual prostheses. The National Center for Adaptive Neurotechnologies has developed the BCI200 software system for fundamental and clinical neurophysiological studies of brain-computer in-teraction. As a result, all existing implementations and applications of BF-based systems for medical rehabilitation do not meet modern trends of creating unified, portable and safe new generation rehabilitation systems which can be used not only in medical institutions but also at home. To cardinally solve this problem, a new structure of the hardware and software complex for the implementation of the advanced BF-method of rehabilitation of people with disabilities has been suggested. The improved BF-procedure consists of three steps: entering and accumu-lating knowledge in the rehabilitation field, setting personal rehabilitation goals, and searching for a solution to these goals.
Modeling and analysis of three-dimensional quasi-stationary electromagnetic fields of non-contact inductometers placed above the conductive agricultural soil. Part ІІ
Authors:   Kyiv Cooperative Institute of Business and Law, Brovarets О.О. , Chovnyuk Yu.V. ,   National University of Bioresources and Nature Management of Ukraine
Published: October 2022

The paper is devoted to solving the problem of the theory of three-dimensional quasi-stationary electromagnetic field generated by a non-contact inductometer in its interaction with the electrically conductive agricultural soil located below it at some distance and whose specific electrical conductivity is measured. The peculiarity of this study is that it is based on obtaining an accurate analytical solution to the problem of an electromagnetic field created by an arbitrary spatial circuit with a current (contactless inductometer model) located near a magnetized electrically conductive body with a flat surface (agricultural conductive soil model). Solutions made by taking into account the closed circuits are found in the form of squares for vector and scalar potentials, magnetic and electric field strengths in an electrically conductive medium without restrictions on the geometry of the circuits, environmental properties, and field frequency. Having a precise solution, in addition to the indisputable advantage associated with the validity of the results found, allows obtaining a number of consequences that are valid for an arbitrary field in the system. Another important consequence of an accurate solution is the conclusion that an inhomogeneous electromagnetic field when penetrating into an electrically conductive space with depth always attenuates faster than a homogeneous field. For pulsed fields, the calculation is limited to a certain period of time from the beginning of the current pulse, and the closer to the initial moment of time, the more accurately the electromagnetic field is calculated. Since the current pulse usually changes the fastest and reaches its highest values in a relatively short period of time, it is at this most important stage that the electromagnetic field is determined.
Ways to solve some tasks defined in the Strategic Objectives by using modern information technologies (creation of a unified system of managing defense resources of the Armed Forces of Ukraine)
Authors:   Institute of Mathematical Machines and Systems Problems of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Grechaninov V.F. , Morozov A.O. ,   Institute of Mathematical Machines and Systems Problems of the Ukraine National Academy of Science, Zakalad M.A. ,   Institute of Mathematical Machines and Systems Problems of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Lopushanskyi A.V. ,   Institute of Mathematical Machines and Systems Problems of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Belyachenko O.V. ,   LLC "SOFT-REYTING CONSULT"
Published: October 2022

An analysis of the world experience of military conflicts of the last century and the results of repulsing the full-scale armed aggression of the Russian Federation indicates the need to strengthen the defense capability of the state by improving the methods and mechanisms of comprehensive support. Studies prove that the basis for the provision of the defense capability of the state and the capabilities of the defense forces is the management of defense resources as an integral part of strategic (defense) planning. Consequently, the management of defense re-sources is a priority nationwide measure which involves the components of the Security and De-fense sector of Ukraine (hereinafter referred to as the SDSU), other ministries and executive authorities, the limits of competence of which extend to the issues related to the defense sphere of the country. The article suggests some ways to strengthen the defense potential of the state and increase the efficiency of the Armed Forces of Ukraine through the use of a high-tech in-formation system (IS). A complex and important issue of this management activity is to ensure the coordination of actions of state bodies of the SDSU, achieving the necessary balance be-tween the volume and nature of the tasks assigned to the Ministry of Defense of Ukraine, the Armed Forces of Ukraine and other components of the SDSU, the capabilities of the state for their resource provision, activities and volumes of international military-technical and financial assistance. The Unified Information System for the Management of Defense Resources of the Armed Forces of Ukraine (UIS MDR AFU) can be such an IS, which will increase the efficiency of state and military administration and improve the mechanisms for managing defense re-sources. Under the current conditions, in order to significantly improve the organization and implementation of activities for the management of defense resources, all components of the SDSU must be equipped with the appropriate software and technological tools – the UIS MDR AFU. The formation and use of the prospective UIS MDR AFU should be aimed at solving the problems of defense provision, effective use of the potential of the state, as well as the imple-mentation of measures to strengthen the defense capability of the state in the direction of MDR.
Data preparation services for the authentication of people by their electrocardiogram
Authors:   Institute of Mathematical Machines and Systems Problems of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Vyshnevsky V.V. , Romanenko T.M. ,   Institute of Mathematical Machines and Systems Problems of the Ukraine National Academy of Science, Luhovsky Yu.O. ,   Institute of Mathematical Machines and Systems Problems of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Boretsky O.F. ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv
Published: October 2022

For modern telemedicine, it is important to solve the problem of patient authentication. This paper studies the possibility of using personal unique features of people, namely their electro-cardiogram (ECG), for authentication. Biometric authentication is promising in telemedicine, where patients send physicians through information channels increasing amounts of their data. When some clinic monitors its patient remotely and asks them for an ECG, it should be confi-dent that the received ECG belongs to that particular patient. Biometric authentication using ECG is a rather specific area of research and now there are no leading technologies in this field. This method is the goal of the technology being developed. In this direction, we have already conducted research, developed algorithms, and tested their viability on test data. Combining the obtained algorithms and machine learning to solve the problem of classification of ECG belong-ing to a person, there was developed a program capable of authenticating people by their ECG. This gave confidence in the possibility of using such technology. The next step was to scale this technology to reach two goals: to test the performance of the technology on a much larger amount of data and to prepare it for use in real conditions when processing time should be min-imal. The paper describes the gradual development from a program running on a personal com-puter to a system performing computing in a cloud environment. The time spent on conducting experiments and comparing the running time of programs on a personal computer and in a cloud environment are shown. The most efficient configuration of the system for cloud architecture was found experimentally.
Holographic technologies as a way to attract investments
Authors:   State university of trade and economics, Tyshchenko I.A. , Kraskevich V.E. ,   State university of trade and economics
Published: October 2022

The purpose of the work is to research and formalize the methods of conveying visual information at presentations and the expediency of using modern information technologies for the visualization of presentation objects. The object of the research and comparison is the information technology of holographic 3D showcases and the holographic 3D showcase itself as a modern device for the virtualization of static and dynamic objects as well as the addition of real objects that meet the size criteria set by the developer, by creating augmented reality without using mobile applications and smartphone cameras. Holographic technologies and methods of holography are analyzed in the article. The use of holography is due to the increase in realistic advertising, the introduction of new information technologies in society, and the increase in the demands of society for multimedia devices. Methods of presenting holographic technologies can be considered information technologies for creating presentation applications that are used to display 3D holographic presentations. The concepts and features of 3D images are revealed. Achieving the realism of the presented information is possible only by creating three-dimensional images that will be placed in space. Dynamic images allow the authors to fully convey their ideas and create the effect of the presence of a real prototype of the product at the presentation. Since the device does not have visible elements of the display of the image, the viewer has no doubts about what he sees. Creation technologies were analyzed and a comparison of 2D and 3D holography was made. It is shown that each of the technologies has its own characteristics and makes it possible to use a holographic 3D showcase as a full-fledged substitute for the screen. Technological features allow using a hologram as a transparent monitor screen which provides new opportunities for demonstration and visualization of goods.
Estimation of Larch Growth at the Stem, Crown, and Branch Levels Using Ground-Based LiDAR Point Cloud
Authors: Jin Shuangna , Zhang Wuming , Shao Jie , Wan Peng , Cheng Shun , Cai Shangshu , Yan Guangjian , Li Aiguang
Published: October 2022

Tree growth is an important indicator of forest health and can reflect changes in forest structure. Traditional tree growth estimates use easy-to-measure parameters, including tree height, diameter at breast height, and crown diameter, obtained via forest in situ measurements, which are labor intensive and time consuming. Some new technologies measure the diameter of trees at different positions to monitor the growth trend of trees, but it is difficult to take into account the growth changes at different tree levels. The combination of terrestrial laser scanning and quantitative structure modeling can accurately estimate tree structural parameters nondestructively and has the potential to estimate tree growth from different tree levels. In this context, this paper estimates tree growth from stem-, crown-, and branch-level attributes observed by terrestrial laser scanning. Specifically, tree height, diameter at breast height, stem volume, crown diameter, crown volume, and first-order branch volume were used to estimate the growth of 55-year-old larch trees in Saihanba of China, at the stem, crown, and branch levels. The experimental results showed that tree growth is mainly reflected in the growth of the crown, i.e., the growth of branches. Compared to one-dimensional parameter growth (tree height, diameter at breast height, or crown diameter), three-dimensional parameter growth (crown, stem, and first-order branch volumes) was more obvious, in which the absolute growth of the first-order branch volume is close to the stem volume. Thus, it is necessary to estimate tree growth at different levels for accurate forest inventory.
EFFECTS OF ACID HYDROLYSIS ON THE EXTRACTION OF CELLULOSE NANOCRYSTALS (CNCs): A REVIEW
Authors:   Department of Chemistry, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa campus, Kwa-Zulu Natal Province, South Africa, MOHOMANE SAMSON M. , MOTLOUNG SETUMO V. ,   "Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Private Bag X1, Mthatha Campus, UNITRA 5117, South Africa", KOAO LEHLOHONOLO F. ,   "Department of Physics, University of the Free State (QwaQwa Campus), Private Bag X13, Phuthaditjhaba 9866, South Africa", MOTAUNG TSHWAFO E. ,   "Department of Chemistry, Sefako Makgatho Health Science University, P.O. Box 94, Medunsa, 0204, South Africa"
Published: October 2022

"The potential utilization of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) as reinforcing materials has lately attracted significant research attention. This is mainly due to their versatility and suitability for various applications in fields such as food packaging, cosmetics, biomaterials and pharmaceuticals. Several methods have been reported in the literature for isolating CNCs from plant sources, including acid hydrolysis, mechanical treatment and enzymatic hydrolysis, resulting in CNCs with different dimensions, crystallinities and thermal stabilities. However, acid hydrolysis using sulphuric acid (H2SO4) remains the favourite, as it requires shorter time and produces a stable suspension, with high crystallinity, compared to other methods. Sulphuric acid hydrolysis is generally performed with 64% acid concentration, with varying acid to fibre ratios, at temperatures around 45-50 °C, for 30-75 min duration under vigorous stirring. It typically produces needle-like structures, with the diameter and length in the range of 4–25 nm and 100–300 nm, respectively. This review analyses the results reported in the literature regarding the influence of hydrolysis parameters on the extraction of CNCs from various cellulosic materials. The study examines various hydrolysis parameters, specifically extraction time, temperature and acid concentration, to isolate CNCs with controlled morphology, crystallinity and thermal stability."
PRESERVATIVE TREATED TIMBER PRODUCTS IN NEW ZEALAND
Authors:   School of Forestry, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand, ALTANER CLEMENS
Published: October 2022

Copper Chrome Arsenic (CCA) is a potent wood preservative. It is currently the dominant wood preservative used in Aotearoa (New Zealand). Internationally, CCA has been phased out in many jurisdictions over the last decades due to health and environmental concerns. This review summarises the current knowledge about the health and environmental risks of CCA treated timber, revisits the risk assessment of New Zealand authorities of CCA treated timber and discusses the challenges New Zealand is facing from the continued use of this product. Overall, the attitude towards CCA treated timber is changing, with local government bodies and agricultural industries facing increasing challenges around the disposal of CCA treated timber and site remediation from CCA leaching.
STUDY ON THE DECAY EXTENT OF WOODEN COMPONENTS OF DANXIA TEMPLE ANCIENT BUILDING BY POLARIZED LIGHT, FLUORESCENCE AND X-RAY DIFFRACTION METHODS
Authors:   ", YANG YAN ,   School of Architecture, Nanyang Institute of Technology, Nanyang City,  Henan Province, 473000, P.R. China ", LI BIN ,   "School of Architecture, Nanyang Institute of Technology, Nanyang City,  Henan Province, 473000, P.R. China ", SUN HE ,   College of Material Science and Engineering, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming City, Yunnan Province, 650224, P.R. China, FAN YULONG ,   "School of Architecture, Nanyang Institute of Technology, Nanyang City,  Henan Province, 473000, P.R. China ", WANG AIFENG ,   "School of Architecture, Nanyang Institute of Technology, Nanyang City,  Henan Province, 473000, P.R. China ", ZHAO RUI ,   "School of Architecture, Nanyang Institute of Technology, Nanyang City,  Henan Province, 473000, P.R. China ", WANG WEI ,   "School of Architecture, Nanyang Institute of Technology, Nanyang City,  Henan Province, 473000, P.R. China ", HE YIMING ,   "School of Architecture, Nanyang Institute of Technology, Nanyang City,  Henan Province, 473000, P.R. China "
Published: October 2022

In the present study, the decay extent of wooden components from the Halls of Pilu and Tianran ancestor of Danxia Temple ancient buildings was observed by polarized light, fluorescence, and XRD methods. The findings of the investigation can be summarized as follows. Sample No. 1 was identified as red birch wood (Betula albo-sinensis) and sample No. 2 was identified as maple wood (Pterocarya stenoptera). The brightness of crystalline cellulose birefringence in the cell walls of vessels, wood rays and wood fibres, both in decayed red birch wooden components (DRBWC) and in decayed maple wooden components (DMWC), was not obvious, indicating that the cellulose was seriously consumed by fungi. However, the brightness of green fluorescence in the cell walls of both DRBWC and DMWC was very evident, indicating that the lignin was mainly retained or was not consumed by fungi. XRD analysis indicated that wood decay fungi did not change the structure and crystal layer distance of the crystallization zone, but the diffraction intensity decreased to a certain extent. The crystallinity of cellulose was reduced by 11.16%, from 43.29% to 38.46%, in DRBWC and by 52.16%, from 40.68% to 19.46%, in DMWC, demonstrating a reduction in crystalline cellulose. The degradation of cellulose in wooden components will eventually lead to a reduction in their load-bearing capacity. According to the tendency of brown rot fungi of consuming mostly cellulose and hemicelluloses while avoiding lignin, we concluded that both DRBWC and DMWC were seriously degraded by brown rot fungi, in addition to the attack of termites. The low resistance of the two wooden components to fungal decay and termites is the main cause of their deterioration. The results on the extent of decay will provide scientific data for the future conservation and restoration of the Danxia Temple relics.
TOXICOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF NATURAL AND SYNTHETIC POLYMER BASED DISSOLVABLE MICRONEEDLE PATCHES HAVING VARIABLE RELEASE PROFILES
Authors:   Faculty of Pharmacy, University Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan, ZULCAIF ZULCAIF , ZAFAR NADIAH ,   Faculty of Pharmacy, University Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan, MAHMOOD ASIF ,   Department of Pharmacy, University of Chakwal, Chakwal 48800, Pakistan, SARFRAZ RAI MUHAMMAD ,   College of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sargodha, Sargodha
Published: October 2022

Acute toxicity studies of dissolvable microneedle (dMN) patches fabricated from a combination of polymers, i.e. thiolated chitosan (TCS), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), were performed to determine the safety of polymers on white albino rabbits. The selected albino rabbits were categorized into four groups. Group I was a control group, whereas groups II, III and IV were administered different doses of polymeric dMN patches. The food and water uptake and the weight of the animals were observed before and after administration of the microneedle patch on days 1, 3, 5, 7 and 14. Hematological and serum biochemical changes were observed by taking blood samples of treated and control group rabbits on the 15th day of study. The weight of the main organs was determined and a histopathology study was also performed. Negligible alteration in body weight, meals and water uptake was observed. The control and treated animals displayed similar behavioral pattern. Moreover, the treated groups showed hematological and biochemical analysis results, which were comparable with the results of the control group animals. Animals from both control and treated groups did not present any significant difference in the results of relative organ body weight and urine analysis. A comparison of histopathology results for both treated and control animals’ vital organs confirmed the absence of lesions. The findings of antioxidant effect, dermal and cardiac toxicity studies of chitosan, thiolated chitosan and the TCS/PVA/PVP combination were compared to those of the analysis of circulating oxidative levels, demonstrating that the combination of TCS/PVA/PVP showed improved antioxidant effect, as compared to those of chitosan and thiolated chitosan alone, and showed no significant effect on skin and heart. Thus, the findings of the study established the fact that the fabricated polymeric dMNs are a safe carrier system for different drugs.
"BNNSs-OH/CAB COMPOSITE COATINGS AS A NOVEL FILM FOR HIGHLY EFFICIENT WATER VAPOR BARRIER PROPERTY "
Authors:   ", WANG SHUAIPENG ,   China Tobacco Sichuan Industrial Company Ltd., Chengdu 610094, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China ", HAN DONGLIN ,   "China Tobacco Sichuan Industrial Company Ltd., Chengdu 610094, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China ", CHAI YIDI ,   "China Tobacco Sichuan Industrial Company Ltd., Chengdu 610094, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China ", LIU KAI ,   "China Tobacco Sichuan Industrial Company Ltd., Chengdu 610094, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China ", LIANG KUN ,   "China Tobacco Sichuan Industrial Company Ltd., Chengdu 610094, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China ", ZENG XIANQING ,   "China Tobacco Sichuan Industrial Company Ltd., Chengdu 610094, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China ", ZHOU RONG ,   "China Tobacco Sichuan Industrial Company Ltd., Chengdu 610094, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China ", GUO LINQING ,   "China Tobacco Sichuan Industrial Company Ltd., Chengdu 610094, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China ", CHEN YEXIAN ,   "China Tobacco Sichuan Industrial Company Ltd., Chengdu 610094, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China ", HOU NINGNING ,   "China Tobacco Sichuan Industrial Company Ltd., Chengdu 610094, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China ", LI HONGWEI ,   "China Tobacco Sichuan Industrial Company Ltd., Chengdu 610094, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China ", HUANG YUCHUAN ,   "China Tobacco Sichuan Industrial Company Ltd., Chengdu 610094, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China "
Published: October 2022

Cellulose-based composite packaging films are regarded as environmentally friendly materials due to their complete degradability, as compared with plastic materials. Herein, a high-barrier composite coated paper was fabricated by coating cellulose acetate butyrate (CAB) with different concentrations of edge hydroxylated boron nitride (BNNSs-OH), and then the effects of water vapor barrier, along with composition ratio and film-forming thickness in gradient setting were evaluated. The composite membrane is more likely to create higher barrier performance as the concentration of BNNSs-OH increases. In view of mechanical properties and barrier properties, the best barrier effect is achieved when the hydroxylated boron nitride solution content is 12.5 wt% and the composite thickness is 100 μm, and the water vapor transmission rate is as low as 120.8 g/m2•day. Paper coated with BNNSs-OH/CAB may be used for packaging, showing promising potential not only for the food sector, but also for other application areas.