bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
GEDG: Gene Expression Database of Grape
Authors: Sun Wen , Chen Siyu , Tan Lina , Liu Yanglin , Zhang Xinyuan , Xiang Yan , Zheng Han , Yan Hanwei
Published: August 2024

Background
Grapes are one of the oldest cultivated fruit species in the world, known for their high nutritional value. Grapes and grape products, including wine, are significant to many economies worldwide. Both abiotic and biotic stresses significantly impact the growth and reproduction of grapevines. RNA-Seq is a key tool for studying gene expression patterns under various conditions, such as stress responses, growth and developmental stages. However, there has been no comprehensive database available to providing gene expression profiles and traits of grape.
Description:
We have developed the gene expression database for grapes (GEDG), an online resource that encompasses data on 9 types of abiotic (including heat, cold, hormones, light, climate, nitrogen, frozen) and biotic (disease and pests) stresses and different developmental stages. A total of 32 datasets were related to stress, 20 to growth and development, and one to chromosomal ploidy. The primary objective of GEDG is to expand and utilize transcriptome data to better understand stress responses in grapes. GEDG is the comprehensive database to integrate transcriptome and traits on grape.
Conclusion
The Gene Expression Database of Grape (GEDG) was created to serve as a free resource platform for researchers, offering a comprehensive collection of genetic expression profiles for grape varieties based on RNA-seq data. The database is available at http://www.gedg-vitis.cn/.
Impact of a Mental Fatigue Protocol on Performance in Extreme Conditioning Programs
Authors: Silva Vinícius Jordão , Neto Antônio Ribeiro , Sousa Douglas Felipe , Bertolini Gladson Ricardo Flor , Bertoncello Dernival
Published: August 2024

The aim of this study was to assess whether mental fatigue can influence the perception of effort and the performance of individuals engaged in extreme conditioning programs. A cross-sectional, experimental, and randomized study was conducted with 25 CrossFit® practitioners randomly divided into two groups: Stroop Group (n = 13; 28.9 ± 4.9 years; 172 ± 0.1 cm; 74 ± 12.5 kg; 3.4 ± 1.8 years of practice; 5.5 ± 0.5 days of training per week) and Neutral Group (n = 12; 29.8 ± 5.3 years; 168 ± 0.1 cm; 69.89 ± 16.1 kg; 2.9 ± 1.4 years of practice; 5.2 ± 0.6 days of training per week). The first group underwent a mental stress protocol using the Stroop Color and Word Test, while the second group watched a neutral content video. Subsequently, both groups performed an adapted "Angie" exercise session. The Stroop Group, after just one application of the protocol, showed increased perception of effort (p = 0.0169) and completed the exercise session in a longer time (p = 0.038), compared to the Neutral Group. The Stroop Group also presented a higher Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score after the mental stress protocol (p = 0.0005). A single application of a mental fatigue protocol had an immediate effect on the performance of practitioners during a training session.
Inter-Mesh Routing Algorithms in LEO Satellite Constellations Networks
Authors: Elbehiry Eman , Tag.ElDien Heba A. , Elhalawany Basem M. , Fares Ahmed
Published: August 2024

In the quest for the sixth-generation (6G) mobile communication system, global coverage is paramount. Low-Earth orbit (LEO) satellite constellations (SatCon) play a pivotal role. The Walker-Delta SatCon architecture, with satellites in opposing meshes, shows promise. However, high satellite speeds often neglect inter-mesh connections, impacting end-to-end delay. This study explores inter-mesh link scheduling algorithms like uniform cost search (UCS) and Bellman-Ford (BMF) to enhance SatCon performance. Filtering possible inter-mesh links based on distance and angular velocity maximizes topology duration. Linkages, via Edmond’s, UCS, or BMF algorithms, are constructed, and Dijkstra’s algorithm determines the end-to-end route. Key considerations include connection distance, rotational velocity, link setup time, and switching frequency. Simulations demonstrate significantly reduced average end-to-end time with manageable system overhead. Integrating IoT with LEO satellites improves global connectivity, crucial in remote areas. LEO satellites' low latency and broad coverage meet IoT’s connectivity needs, ensuring reliable communication for smart cities, agriculture, logistics, and environmental monitoring. This integration enables seamless connectivity, reduces delays, and enhances data transmission reliability, fostering real-time monitoring and innovation across sectors.
Model informed approach to estimate treatment effect in placebo- controlled clinical trials using an artificial intelligence based propensity weighting methodology to account for non-specific responses to treatment
Authors: Gomeni Roberto , Bressolle-Gomeni Francoise
Published: August 2024

In randomized, placebo controlled clinical trials (RCT) in major depressive disorders (MDD), treatment response (TR) is estimated by the change from baseline at study-end (EOS) of the scores of clinical scales used for assessing disease severity. Treatment effect (TE) is estimated by the baseline adjusted difference at EOS of TR between active treatments and placebo. The TE is function of treatment-specific and, non-specific (NSRT) effect (referred as placebo effect), and placebo response. The conventional statistical approaches used to estimate TE does not account for the potentially confounding effect of NSRT. This pragmatic approach is equivalent to assuming that TE is independent of NSRT even if this assumption is not true, leading to potential risks of inflating false negative/positive results in presence of high proportion of subjects with high/low NSRT. The objective of this study was to develop a model informed framework to analyze the outcomes of RCTs using data driven models, non-linear-mixed effect approach, artificial intelligence, and propensity score weighted methodology (PSW) to control the confounding effect of treatment non-specific response on the estimated TE. The secondary objective was to explore the impact of relevant covariates (including the assessment of a dose-response relationship) on the outcomes of pooled data from two RCTs. The proposed PSW approach provides a critical tool for controlling the confounding effect of treatment non-specific response, to increase signal detection and to provide a reliable estimate of the ‘true’ treatment effect by controlling false negative results associated with excessively high treatment non-specific response.
Landscape and Pleistocene refuges played a major role in shaping the population structure of endemic Atlantic Forest spiny rats Trinomys dimidiatus and Trinomys iheringi (Echymidae)
Authors: Oliveira Marcelo de Assis Passos , Vilasboa Anderson , Oliveira Marcione Brito , Bonvicino Cibele Rodrigues
Published: August 2024

The Atlantic Forest has experienced a significant loss of its original vegetation, with more than 80% of the biome now comprising small and isolated fragments. To understand species distribution, it is crucial to comprehend the impact of fragmentation on species persistence within this biome. Previous phylogeographic inferences have indicated that Trinomys iheringi and T. dimidiatus are structured into two populations. In this study, we employed a more comprehensive database to re-examine the phylogeography and conduct a detailed analysis of the demographic history and population structure of two Trinomys species. The results indicate that T. dimidiatus is structured into at least three populations: Serra dos Órgãos, South Center of Serra do Mar, and North of Serra do Mar. In contrast, T. iheringi is highly structured into two populations: São Paulo and Ilha Grande. The demographic analysis indicated T. dimidiatus from Serra do Mar exhibited an expansionary trend during periods of reduced sea level with an optimal area reduction during LGM. In the past, T. iheringi presented the expansion of suitable areas onto the emerging continental shelf during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) but it did not impact the population's structure. The results suggest that retreat forest events during the Pleistocene and landscape factors were instrumental in shaping the population structure of the Trinomys species. Additionally, T. iheringi represents an entirely isolated island population exhibiting no gene flow, and analysis suggests the presence of a new microendemic species.
Fault Tracing on Transformer Substations via Graph Kernel on Event Graphs
Authors: Yao Weizhuo , Yang Genke , Chu Jian
Published: August 2024

This paper targets fault tracing of transformer substation devices. Traditional AI-inspired methods have the potential to save vast amount of manpower. But there are two challenges they face: inadequate representation of connection topology of substation devices and the lack of interpretability of the fault tracing process, both of which are highly valued in industrial practices. Thus, this paper constructs a framework to address the problem of fault tracing by preforming graph kernel computations on specially designed event graphs. In addition, we propose an Edge-Labeled Weisfeiler Lehman Graph Kernel (EL-WL), integrating edge information into tree distance calculation of the graph kernel. Besides, we use a variant of unique class association rule mining algorithm performed on subtree histogram vectors to mine interpretable fault tracing rules. Experiment results showed noticeable performance improvement on real-world data.
Association between cardiometabolic phenotypes with atherogenic index of plasma: a cross-sectional study from the Azar Cohort Study
Authors: Soheilifard Shirin , Mahdavi Reza , Faramarzi Elnaz
Published: August 2024

Background: This study was conducted to determine the relationship between cardiometabolic phenotypes and atherogenic index of plasma in the Azar cohort population.
Methods: This cross-sectional study included 9,515 participants aged 35 to 55, using data from the Azar Cohort Study. Metabolic syndrome was defined based on ATP III criteria. Participants were then classified into four cardiometabolic phenotypes by considering BMI and metabolic syndrome components: metabolically healthy normal weight (MHNW, BMI <25 kg/m²), metabolically unhealthy normal weight (MUHNW, BMI <25 kg/m²), metabolically healthy obese (MHO, BMI ≥25 kg/m²), and metabolically unhealthy obese (MUHO, BMI ≥25 kg/m²). AIP was calculated.
Result: Among the subjects, 4,801 (50.5%) were metabolically healthy obese (MHO) and 2,680 (28.2%) were metabolically unhealthy obese (MUHO). High-risk AIP levels (>0.21) differed significantly across cardiometabolic phenotypes, with MUHNW (79.6%) and MUHO (64.6%) showing the highest proportions compared to MHNW (13.5%) and MHO (18.6%). After adjusting for confounders, multinomial logistic regression analysis showed individuals in the third tertile of AIP were 103.46 times more likely to be MUHNW (OR = 103.46, 95% CI: 52.82–202.64), 55.77 times more likely to be MUHO (OR = 55.77, 95% CI: 45.65–68.12), and 2.22 times more likely to be MHO (OR = 2.22, 95% CI: 1.91–2.64) compared to the MHNW phenotype (p < 0.001 for all).
Conclusion: The study demonstrates significant variation in high-risk AIP levels across cardiometabolic phenotypes, emphasizing the need for detailed metabolic health assessments beyond BMI to predict cardiovascular risk better.
Causal association between frailty and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: insights from bidirectional Mendelian randomization and mediation analysis
Authors: Cheng Zewen , Wu Jian , Xu Chun , Yan Xiaokun
Published: August 2024

Background Observational studies have underscored a robust association between frailty and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), yet the causality remains equivocal.Methods This study employed bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. Individuals of European ancestry with frailty and COPD were selected for analysis under the genome-wide significance threshold (P < 5×10–8). Univariable MR investigated the causal relationship between frailty and COPD. Genetic correlation was assessed using linkage disequilibrium score (LDSC) regression, while multivariable MR and mediation analysis explored the influence of various confounders and their mediating effects. The primary analytic approach was inverse variance weighted (IVW), supported by comprehensive sensitivity analyses.Results LDSC analysis revealed moderate genetic correlations between frailty and Global Biobank Meta-Analysis Initiative (GBMI) COPD (rg = 0.643, P = 6.66 × 10 − 62) as well as FinnGen COPD (rg = 0.457, P = 8.20 × 10 − 28). IVW analysis demonstrated that frailty was associated with increased risk of COPD in both the GBMI cohort (OR, 1.784; 95% CI, 1.475 to 2.158; P = 2.40 × 10 − 9) and the FinnGen database (OR, 1.854; 95% CI, 1.411 to 2.434; P = 9.02 × 10 − 6). Concurrently, COPD was identified as a susceptibility factor for frailty (GBMI: β, 0.104; 95% CI, 0.058 to 0.151; P = 1.25 × 10 − 5; FinnGen: β, 0.050; 95% CI, 0.020 to 0.079; P = 9.22 × 10 − 4). These consistent findings persisted after adjustment for potential confounders such as body mass index, age of smoking initiation, smoking initiation and sarcopenia-related traits in multivariable analyses. Additionally, mediation analysis revealed that walking pace mediated 19.11% (95% CI, 7.17–31.05%) and 15.40% (95% CI, 2.82–27.98%) of the impact of frailty on COPD risk, and 17.58% (95% CI, 2.63–32.53%) and 23.26% (95% CI, 0.97–45.55%) of the effect of COPD on frailty risk in the GBMI and FinnGen cohorts, respectively.Conclusions This study has strengthened the current evidence affirming a reciprocal causal relationship between frailty and COPD, highlighting walking pace as a pivotal mediator. Future larger-scale research is warranted to ascertain the applicability of these findings across diverse ancestries.
Evaluating Higher Education Teaching Dimensions through Student Feedback: An Exploratory Factor Analysis
Authors: Dinamling Shayne Klarisse E. , Depaynos Jonas L.
Published: August 2024

Considering the dynamism of learning, diversity of learners, and ambiguous criteria for effective teaching, the validity of Student Evaluation of Teaching (SET) as a measure of effectiveness and high-stakes decisions concerning faculty members is being challenged. This exploratory-descriptive study investigates the latent dimensions of teaching quality in higher education as perceived by students. Conducted at the University of the Cordilleras, Philippines, it employs exploratory factor analysis of 276 teacher education student feedback to identify crucial teaching dimensions. The 30-item survey tool, modeled after the university’s SET instrument, used a 6-point Likert scale from 1 (Poor) to 6 (Excellent) in evaluating descriptive statements of teaching practices. The analysis revealed three significant factors: resource optimization and learning support, ethical conduct and emotional intelligence, and innovative pedagogy and critical engagement. This research contributes to the discourse on improving teaching quality by providing evidence-based insights into the aspects of teaching most valued by students.
Evaluation of 5G-based closed-loop Control on Part Quality for Milling Processes
Authors: Mertes Jan , Schmitz Marius , Lindenschmitt Daniel , Schellenberger Christian , Klar Matthias , Ravani Bahram , Schotten Hans D. , Aurich Jan C.
Published: August 2024

Implementing wireless communication technologies in manufacturing systems shows the potential for a disruptive shift towards wireless networked control systems and edge computing for machine tool control. Especially 5G mobile communications enable wireless closed-loop control withultra-reliable low-latency communication (uRLLC) and time-sensitive networking (TSN)-features. However, currently available hardware and software cannot yet meet the high requirements for closed-loop control of machine tools.
This study evaluates the quality of a manufactured part when produced on a wireless closed-loop machine tool. A setup for emulating network characteristics (latency, jitter) is developed and implemented into a computerized numerical control (CNC) of a machine tool to synthesize the effects of 5G connectivity. The main objective is to evaluate how different network performance characteristics in combination with machine parameters influence surface quality parameters and geometric dimensioning and tolerancing (GD&T) of a milled specimen. Full factorial experimental design paradigm is used in the evaluation.
The results show that latency and feed rate have no or insignificant influence on the surface quality of the manufactured part while jitter does have a significant influence on the surface quality parameters. GD&T are just influenced by the variation of the feed rate, independent of latency and jitter. Thus, this is not directly connected to the wireless networked control system. While processes with lower control requirements (e.g. robot control, control of automated guided vehicles, etc.) can already be implemented in a wireless setting, control of machine tools to achieve high quality manufactured parts, will therefore only be possible with future developments in wireless communication.
The role of magnetic resonance imaging in evaluating migraine and the relationship between Corona and migraine cases
Authors: khattab Khalid , Alissa Fatima
Published: August 2024

Introduction: Magnetic resonance imaging is indicated in case of suspected posterior fossa lesions or cerebrospinal fluid leakage. This study aims to study the symptoms and radiological signs of migraine on MRI.
Methods and materials: A retrospective study was conducted on a group of patients visiting Al-Mouwasat Hospital with a history of headache in the period from 2021 to 2024. All patients underwent MRI as an investigation due to suspicion of migraine, totaling 1561 patients.
Results: The location of the headache was found to be the frontal lobe 83%, the temporal lobe 32%, around the orbits 42%, the parietal lobe 20%, the occipital lobe 14%, and the cervical lobe 17%. Speaking about the continuation of migraine attacks for days, we found that the percentage of those who have daily migraines is 13%, those who have more than 4 months 18%, 4–8 months 26%, and 4–7 months 27%. Speaking about the cases in which radiological investigation is indicated, we found that the percentage of patients who have continued and prolonged the prodromal stage is 15%, the percentage of patients who have prolonged and severe clinical symptoms is 20%, the percentage of those who have the first appearance of migraine symptoms is 15%, the percentage of migraine without prodromes that required radiological investigation is 27%, the percentage of those who have migraine with loss of consciousness is 8%, the percentage of those who have complications is 5%, and those who have prodromes without Headache 10%, and speaking of the signs observed by MRI in migraine patients, we found that high-signal foci in the second time and the FLIR time were observed at a high rate of 92%.
Conclusion: MRI is a suitable radiological method for evaluating migraine and can be used as an indicator for treatment and monitoring chronic cases.
Apikal Periodontitisin Mikrobiyolojisi ve Tanı Yöntemleri
Authors: Uslu Melisa , Aktemur Türker Sevinç
Published: August 2024

Apikal periododontitis (kök kanal enfeksiyonu) mikroorganizmaların ve metabolitik ürünlerinin kök kanalından periradiküler alana geçişi sonucu oluşan sert doku rezorpsiyonu ve periodontal ligamentin yıkımı ile karakterize inflamatuar ve enfeksiyöz bir hastalıktır. Bu derlemenin amacı kök kanal enfeksiyonlarını ve bu enfeksiyona sebep olan mikroorganizmaları ve tespit yöntemlerini mevcut literatür bilgisiyle gözden geçirmektir. Kök kanalında bulunan mikroorganizma çeşitliliği oldukça fazladır ve moleküler yöntemlerin gelişmesiyle birlikte kök kanal enfeksiyonlarına sebep olan mikroorganizmaların tespit edilebilirliği artmaktadır. Diş hekimlerinin kök kanal enfeksiyonlarına karşın etkili tedavi stratejileri geliştirmek için mikrobiyal flora hakkında bilgi sahibi olmalıdır.
Endodontik Tedavi Görmüş Dişlerin Kırılma Direnci Araştırmalarında Yayın Eğilimleri: Son 5 Yılın Bibliyometrik Analizi
Authors: Kaşıkçı Sena , Şirinoğlu Ebru
Published: August 2024

Amaç: Bibliyometrik analizler nicel ölçümler kullanarak bilimsel literatürü ayrıntılı olarak değerlendirmeyi sağlamaktadır. Basılmış makaleler, dergiler, yazarlar, atıflar gibi başlıkların incelenmesinin yanında makalelerin yıllara göre dağılımı, ülkelerin bilimsel etkinliği gibi verileri ortaya koyan önemli bir analiz tipidir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, endodonti alanında son 5 yılda yayınlanmış endodontik tedavi görmüş dişlerin kırılma direnci araştırmalarının yayın eğilimlerinin ayrıntılı bibliyometrik analizini sunmaktır.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Web of Science çevrimiçi veri tabanı kullanılarak 2019 ile 2023 tarihleri arasında endodonti alanında kırılma direnci ile ilgili yayınlanan çalışmaları kapsayan bir literatür taraması yapıldı. Ayrıntılı tarama sonrası seçilen her makale için başlık, dergi adı, ilk yazar, ülke, yıl, atıf, anahtar kelimeler gibi parametreler kaydedildi.
Bulgular: Anahtar kelimeler ile tarama yapıldıktan sonra dahil edilme kriterleri uygulanarak duplikasyonlar çıkarıldı ve toplam 178 makale çalışmaya dahil edildi. Bu makaleler içinde en çok atıf alan makalenin 2021 yılında yayınlanan ve 92 atıf alan bir orijinal araştırma makalesi olduğu gözlendi. En fazla makalenin yayınlandığı yılın ise 2021 olduğu tespit edildi. Dahil olan ülkelerden en fazla katkıyı Brezilya’nın yaptığı görüldü.
Sonuç: Bu bibliyometrik analizde endodontik tedavi görmüş dişlerin kırılma direnci hakkında son 5 yılda yapılan çalışmalar incelenerek konunun gelişim süreci ve yayınlanma eğilimleri hakkında araştırmacılara yol gösterici verilere ulaşılmıştır.
Extraction Mechanism of Hesperidin from Citrus aurantium L. Using a Novel Deep Eutectic Solvent: Experimental and Theoretical Investigation
Authors: Zhou Jun , Tang Jinbao
Published: August 2024

In order to extract hesperidin from Citrus aurantium L. through green and efficient ways, a novel method based on deep eutectic solvent (DES) assisted extraction has been developed. Compared to known alkali extraction and acid precipitation or organic solvent (ethanol, methanol) extraction, this new DES system of choline chloride/diethanolamine (DES-14) method exhibited excellent extraction efficiency for hesperidin. Under optimal conditions, the extraction yield of hesperidin reached 6.26 ± 0.05%. Further studies with infrared spectroscopy, 1 H nuclear magnetic resonance, and density functional theory showed the DES-14 was formed mainly through the interaction of H-bond and van der Waals forces. In addition, scanning electron microscopy and density functional theory revealed the strong dissolving capacity, and the H-bond formation between DES-14 and hesperidin, as well as van der Waals forces all contributed to efficient extraction of hesperidin. The results provide a new strategy for efficient extraction and utilization of hesperidin in Citrus.
Pengembangan Bahan Ajar Billingual Pengantar Dasar Matematika Berbasis Unity of Sciences dan Local Wisdom
Authors: Romadiastri Yulia , Ardani Riska Ayu
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini merupakan studi pengembangan yang bertujuan untuk merancang dan menguji bahan ajar bilingual Pengantar Dasar Matematika yang berfokus pada pendekatan unity of sciences dan local wisdom, dengan tujuan meningkatkan pemahaman konsep mahasiswa secara valid. Dengan menggunakan model pengembangan ADDIE, yang terdiri dari analisis, perancangan, pengembangan, implementasi, dan evaluasi. Hasil validasi dari empat ahli menunjukkan bahwa bahan ajar tersebut memenuhi kriteria validitas dengan skor rata-rata 4.1225. Dengan tingkat kepraktisan mencapai 82.14%, buku ajar ini juga dinilai praktis dengan rata-rata skor 3.28. Analisis tes pemahaman konsep menunjukkan peningkatan yang signifikan dari sebelum dan setelah penggunaan bahan ajar, dengan peningkatan sebesar 30.26%. Skor n-gain sebesar 0.304 menunjukkan peningkatan pemahaman yang sedang. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa bahan ajar bilingual Pengantar Dasar Matematika berbasis unity of sciences dan local wisdom efektif dalam meningkatkan pemahaman konsep mahasiswa. Secara keseluruhan, bahan ajar tersebut dianggap valid, praktis, dan efektif dalam meningkatkan pemahaman konsep mahasiswa.Kata Kunci: bahan ajar bilingual, unity of science, local wisdom
Asociación entre Phallus sp. y las especies forestales en el Campus de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias de la Universidad Nacional de Asunción, San Lorenzo, Paraguay
Authors: Pérez de la Gracia Rubén , Díaz Lezcano Maura I. , Moreira-Rivas Esteban I.
Published: August 2024

El Campus de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias de la Universidad Nacional de Asunción (FCAUNA), posee una gran diversidad de especies arbóreas y hongos. Es sabida la importancia de la biodiversidad de especies, por lo que esta investigación busca contribuir al conocimiento, la investigación y el estudio de las mismas. El objetivo de este trabajo fue identificar la asociación entre género Phallus y las especies forestales del Campus de la FCA-UNA. Se realizó un monitoreo y recorrido en las áreas verdes de la facultad, con el fin de identificar la presencia de este macrohongo, evidenciando las especies arbóreas con las que se encontraban relacionados. Se realizó un inventario forestal para determinar la composición florística, al mismo tiempo que se efectuó la identificación y colecta de los ejemplares fúngicos en fructificación. Los basidiocarpos fueron almacenados y llevados al Laboratorio de Biología de la FCA-UNA para su análisis morfológico y cultivo. Se obtuvieron registros de ocho especies forestales asociadas al género Phallus, siete de ellas nativas y una exótica, provenientes de tres familias: Fabaceae, Rutaceae y Bignoniaceae, esta última con una frecuencia dominante ante las demás.
Bioactive Peptides from Marine Organisms
Authors: Wang Peixin , Zhang Yi , Hu Jiamiao , Tan Bee Kang
Published: August 2024

:

Marine organisms represent promising bioactive peptide resources with diverse biological
activities such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, antihypertensive, anti-fatigue, and immunoregulatory
activities. Despite many studies on marine bioactive peptides, there is a dearth of comprehensive
review articles on the emerging trends that encompass the production techniques and the biological
applications of marine bioactive peptides. In this review, we summarize the major research
and findings related to marine bioactive peptides, encompassing aspects of their production, purification,
biological activities, nanotechnology-based strategies, and their potential applications. Enzymatic
hydrolysis currently stands out as the most commonly used method for producing marine
bioactive peptides; the downstream purification process often includes a combination of multiple
purification techniques. Due to their diverse biological properties, marine peptides have garnered
considerable interest for industrial applications as active ingredients in the food, pharmaceutical,
and cosmetics industries. Additionally, the incorporation of encapsulation strategies such as nano
emulsion, nanoliposome, and microemulsions holds promise for significantly enhancing the bioavailability
and bioactivity of marine peptides. Future research should also prioritize the systematic
identification and validation of the potential health benefits of marine peptides by both in vitro
and in vivo animal models, along with the conduct of human clinical trials.
Quality by Design-Steered Development of Stealth Liposomal Formulation of Everolimus: A Systematic Optimization and Evaluation
Authors: Kaur Simranjeet , Singh Rajveer , Singh Dilpreet
Published: August 2024

Background:

Everolimus is a drug approved for the treatment of breast cancer with HR+ and advanced
breast cancer reoccurring in postmenopausal women. The oral administration of EVE has been observed
to have low oral bioavailability and severe epithelial cutaneous events that include rashes and lip ulceration
followed by mouth ulceration after oral administration.

Aim:

The present research aimed to enhance the bioavailability by loading the EVE into a stealth liposomal
formulation (S-EVE-LIPO) intended for intravenous administration.

Methods:

The surface of the liposomes was modified with vitamin E TPGS, which prolongs the systemic
circulation of the drug and provides additional benefits like inhibition of the P-gp efflux pump and acting
synergistically with EVE.

Results:

The formulation was prepared using the thin film hydration method and optimized using a D-optimal
mixture design. ANOVA suggested the significance of the proposed mathematic model, and the optimized
formulation was generated by design expert software. The optimized formulation (S-EVE-LIPO) was observed
with nanometric size (99.5 ± 3.70 nm) with higher encapsulation efficacy (81.5 ± 2.86 %). The S-EVELIPO
formulation indicated a sustained release profile as 90.22% drug release was observed in 48 h, whereas
the formulation without vitamin E TPGS (EVE-LIPO) released only 74.15 drugs in 24 hours. In vitro cytotoxicity
study suggested that the presence of vitamin E TPGS lowers the IC50 value (54.2 ± 1.69), increases
the cellular uptake of the formulation, also increases the generation of ROS, and shows better hemocompatibility.

Conclusion:

Vitamin E TPGS could be set as a vital additive to improve therapeutic efficacy and reduce offsite
toxicity and dosing frequency.
Ribavirin in Modern Antitumor Therapy: Prospects for Intranasal Administration
Authors: Mikhel Iosif , Bakhrushina Elena , Stepanova Olga , Prilepskaya Sofiya , Kosenkov Dmitriy , Belyatskaya Anastasia , Evzikov Grigory , Demina Natalia , Krasnyuk. Ivan , Krasnyuk Ivan
Published: August 2024

Ribavirin has been used as an antiviral agent to treat a variety of viral infections since
the 1970s. Over the past few decades, studies have been conducted on the pharmacology of ribavirin,
and the possibility of its use in new indications has been explored. According to the results
of a number of studies, ribavirin efficacy in the therapy of malignant neoplasms of various genesis
has been proven. Furthermore, due to the complexity of brain tumor therapy using surgical methods,
targeted delivery of ribavirin to the brain becomes a promising alternative to existing treatment
methods. Targeting of active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) to the brain tumor is achieved
by intranasal drug delivery via a Nose-to-Brain mechanism. In addition, using this delivery mechanism,
it is possible to reach the brain while bypassing the blood-brain barrier (BBB), thus avoiding
the effects of the first passage through the liver. Despite the significant advantages of the
method, there are limiting factors to its application - mucociliary clearance, which aims to remove
foreign bodies from the surface of the nasal mucosa. In situ, systems are able to reduce the intensity
of interfering factors on API and allow the achievement of maximum bioavailability during intranasal
administration.
Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticle Using Parmotrema parmutatum Extract and its Application in Colorimetric Sensing and Photolytic Degradation of Organic Dye
Authors: Mijar Krishna , Sapkota Asmita , Shrestha Prabina , Nyaupane Hari , Sharma Nirmala , Adhikari Achyut
Published: August 2024

Background:

Silver nanoparticles possess distinctive characteristics, including chemical
stability, high thermal and electrical conductivity, and linear optical properties, making them unique
and fascinating. The rise of green synthesis methods for silver nanoparticles is garnering significant
interest among researchers, surpassing traditional chemical and physical approaches due to the environmentally
friendly, cost-effective, and convenient nature of synthesis. This approach stands as a
viable alternative across various sectors, encompassing research, industry, and environmental safety
initiatives.

Method:

Parmotrema permutatum was utilized in the synthesis of silver nanoparticles, followed by
their characterization using ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy,
X-ray diffraction, energy dispersive X-ray analysis, and scanning electron microscopy. These
nanoparticles are subsequiently employed for detecting methylene blue, formaldehyde, and hazardous
mercury metal ions as well as photocatalytically degrading methylene blue.

objective:

Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticle Using Parmotrema parmutatum Extract and Its Application in Colorimetric Sensing

Results:

The silver nanoparticle synthesized was confirmed by a color change and the maximum
peak of the SPR band was at 420 nm in the UV spectrum. The crystal has face-centered cubic (FCC)
structure with an average size of 12.78 nm. The lichen extract contains polyphenolic groups which
act as capping agents. synthesized silver nanoparticles were used to detect formaldehyde and hazardous
Hg2+ ions separately. A color change was observed. The detection limit of Hg2+ was 600 μL.
Likewise, silver nanoparticles were used to degrade methylene blue. The blue color of methylene
blue disappeared. The efficiency of silver nanoparticles was found to be 72% in 4 hours and 87.82%
in 24 hours.

Conclusion:

Parmotrema permutatum has the potential to reduce Ag2+ to Ago and acts as a capping
and stabilizing agent, it can be used to biosynthesize silver nanoparticles and can detect formaldehyde,
and Hg2+ ions, in addition, it also degrades methylene blue photolytically.
Promoting Patient Engagement in Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting: A Novel Approach Utilizing Set Induction-Based Skill Questionnaires
Authors: T Y Sree Sudha , Kumari Kusum , Kumar Hansraj , Kankarwal Monika , Sasanka KSBS Krishna
Published: August 2024

Background:

All stakeholders must address the global health concern of an increasing
frequency of adverse drug reactions (ADRs), regardless of the practice settings. Adverse
drug reactions have been found to be a significant cause of morbidity and death across all age
groups, hospital admissions, and a significant financial burden on society and healthcare systems.
The main objective of this study was to measure patients' awareness and knowledge of reporting
adverse drug reactions using a questionnaire and then to help patients become more
aware of and sensitive to reporting ADRs.

Methods:

The current investigation was carried out in the OPD Block of the All India Institute
of Medical Sciences in Deoghar using a pre-experimental study with one group pre-test post-test
design. One hundred and ninety-nine patients who were visiting different OPDs and IPDs participated
in this study.

Results:

The average age of the 199 study participants was 34.6 years. The majority of participants
were male, illiterate and belonged to rural areas. We found a statistically significant difference
[-11.90(0.000*)] in the pre-test and post-test knowledge questionnaire scores of the participants,
indicating the efficacy of awareness and sensitization for patients on ADR reporting.

Conclusions:

This survey aims to inform patients about the pharmacovigilance Program in India.
The questions are structured in a way that allows patients to reflect and become more selfaware
while reading them. They also function as a set introduction to ADR (Adverse Drug Reaction)
monitoring centers and increase patient awareness of reporting ADRs.
Clinical Efficacy and Safety of CD7-Targeted CAR T Cell Therapy for T-cell Malignancies: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Dashti Mohsen , Habibi Mohammad Amin , Nejati Negar , Robat-Jazi Behrouz , Ahmadpour Mahsa , Dokhani Negar , Nejad Aida Rezaei , Karami Shaghayegh , Alinejad Erfan , Malekijoo Amir H. , Ghasemzadeh Afsaneh , Jadidi-Niaragh Farhad
Published: August 2024

Objectives:

Although T-cell malignancies are relatively less prevalent compared to B-cell malignancies,
they are highly malignant, and patients usually have poor prognoses. Employing CD7-targeted chimeric
antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy as a novel immunotherapy to treat malignant T cells faces numerous challenges
and is in its early phase. To evaluate this possibility, we aimed to review and meta-analyze the related
clinical trials systematically.

Methods:

On October 9, 2023, the online databases of PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science were systematically
searched for pertinent studies. After completing a two‐step title/abstract and full-text screening process,
the eligible studies were included.

Results:

We observed a pooled overall response rate (ORR) of 100%. Partial response (PR), stringent and/or
complete response (sCR/CR), and relapse rate were 6%, 85%, and 18%, respectively. Additionally, the pooled
rate of minimal residual disease (MRD) negativity was 85%. The most common grade ≥3 adverse events were
related to hematological toxicities, including neutropenia (100%), thrombocytopenia (79%), and anemia (57%).
Cytokine release syndrome (CRS) was also a frequent complication with a 100% rate; however, 81% of CRS
events were low grades. No grade ≥3 GVHD was reported, and the immune effector cell–associated neurotoxicity
syndrome (ICANS grade ≥3) was rare (4%).

Conclusion:

CD7 is an active and safe target that shows promising results in the treatment of relapsed and/or
refractory (r/r) T-cell malignancies.
Emerging Synthetic Drug Approaches for COVID-19 Treatment: An Extensive Review of Recent Findings
Authors: Islam Md Ariful , Pathak Kalyani , Saikia Riya , Pramanik Pallab , Das Aparoop , Ahmad Mohammad Zaki , Karmakar Shreyasi
Published: August 2024

Background:

The ongoing global pandemic of COVID-19 has underscored the urgent
need for effective treatment strategies to mitigate its impact on public health. Amidst this crisis, researchers
have turned to synthetic drug approaches as potential therapeutic interventions. This review
aims to comprehensively analyze the recent developments in synthetic drug treatments for
COVID-19, exploring their mechanisms of action, efficacy, and challenges.

Objective:

This review seeks to consolidate and evaluate the emerging synthetic drug approaches for
COVID-19 treatment that have been investigated in recent studies. The objective is to present an upto-
date overview of the landscape of synthetic drug interventions and their potential implications in
combating COVID-19.

Methods:

A systematic literature search was conducted across databases including PubMed, Scopus,
and Web of Science, utilizing keywords related to COVID-19 treatment and synthetic drugs. Studies
published from May 2020 to July 2023 were included, focusing on experimental and clinical investigations
of synthetic compounds with potential antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2.

Results:

The review highlights a range of synthetic drug approaches that have shown promise in
COVID-19 treatment. Notably, certain antiviral agents and repurposed drugs have demonstrated
inhibitory effects against viral replication and reduced disease severity. Additionally, the review
underscores the significance of computational approaches in identifying potential drug candidates
and optimizing their interactions with viral proteins. While several synthetic drug candidates are
under investigation, challenges such as drug resistance, safety concerns, and global accessibility
remain critical considerations.

Conclusion:

This extensive review sheds light on the emerging synthetic drug approaches that hold
potential for COVID-19 treatment. As the scientific community collaboratively addresses the challenges
posed by this pandemic, the insights gleaned from these recent findings contribute to the ongoing
efforts to identify effective therapeutic strategies against COVID-19.
Forecasting Nighttime Frost-induced Black Ice Formation on Bridges Using Atmospheric Data
Authors: Jang Jinhwan
Published: August 2024

Background

Faced with the tragedies caused by black ice in winter, especially on bridges, it is imperative to forecast black ice for preventive maintenance and to notify drivers approaching the dangerous spots.

Methods

In this study, three different machine learning algorithms—Deep Neural Network (DNN), Random Forest (RF), and Support Vector Machine (SVM)—were employed to predict nighttime black ice induced by frost on three bridges in Korea. Input data consisted of atmospheric data (air temperature, relative humidity, dew point, and differences between air temperature and relative humidity over two consecutive days) provided by the weather agency.

Results

To assess the employed models, reference data were generated based on the physical principle that ice forms when the pavement temperature is lower than the dew point temperature and negative. The pavement temperature was obtained using an infrared surface temperature sensor mounted on a maintenance patrol vehicle. Consequently, DNN and RF showed higher performance with an accuracy of 95%, followed by SVM with an accuracy of 92.5%.

Conclusion

Due to the use of easily obtainable atmospheric data, the findings of this study can be practically applied to preventive maintenance and driver information, thereby enhancing traffic safety.
ANALISIS PENGARUH PEMBATASAN SOSIAL BERSKALA BESAR TERHADAP RESPON PASAR MODAL DILIHAT DARI HARGA SAHAM SEKTOR PROPERTI DAN REAL ESTATE YANG ADA DI BEI TAHUN 2020-2021
Authors: Respati Laras Laksita , Fitanto Bahtiar
Published: August 2024

This study aims to analyze the reaction of the capital market to before and after the implementation of the PSBB policy seen from the value of the abnormal return, stock return and trading volume activity variables. This research is a quantitative research, with property and real estate on the Stock Exchange as the population and takes 60 companies as samples with purposive sampling technique. The results of this study indicate that the three variables are significantly affected by the announcement of the implementation of the PSBB policy by showing a decrease in the value of the variable after the policy is implemente.
ANALISIS PENGARUH FINTECH ADOPTION TERHADAP PROFITABILITAS BANK UMUM KONVENSIONAL DI INDONESIA
Authors: Fuadi Ahmad Melky , Munawar Munawar
Published: August 2024

Covid-19 pandemic that occurred in Indonesia had a serious impact on all sectors, one of which was the financial and banking sectors. This phenomenon requires the banking sector to overcome it through the application of financial technology. This study aims to determine the effect of Fintech adoption on the financial performance of conventional commercial banks in Indonesia in terms of the Return on Assets ratio during the period 2013 - 2021. This study uses the Error Correction Term analysis method to see the effect of the independent variable on the dependent variable in the long term. short and long term. The independent variables in this study include mobile banking, internet banking, and phone banking and the dependent variable is the ratio of ROA. In addition, this study includes control variables consisting of bank size and total credit as well as a dummy variable, namely the covid-19 pandemic. This study results that mobile banking has a positive and significant effect on ROA in the short and long term, internet banking has a negative effect. and significant to ROA in the short and long term, phone banking has a positive but not significant effect on ROA in the short and long term.
PENERAPAN MOBILE TECHNOLOGY ACCEPTANCE MODEL (MTAM) DALAM MENGGUNAKAN QRIS SEBAGAI SISTEM PEMBAYARAN DIGITAL DI JAWA TIMUR
Authors: Laila Hikmatul Khoiroh  , Farah Wulandari Pangestuty
Published: August 2024

Among various payment systems available today, QRIS is interesting to be studied due to its recentness, distinctive features, and rapid development. The objective of this research is to identify public perceptions concerning QRIS services viewed from the effects of Mobile Usefulness (MU), Mobile Ease to Use (MEoU), Mobile Perceived Trust (MPT) on Behavioral Intention (BI). This quantitative research uses multiple linear regression in analyzing data that was acquired through questionnaires. This study finds that Mobile Usefulness (MU), Mobile Ease to Use (MEoU), Mobile Perceived Trust (MPT) positively and significantly influence Behavioral Intention (BI). This happens because people feel that QRIS is beneficial, simple, and trustworthy in helping them making transactions. The findings support the result of previous researches that, when a person has decided to use a service continuously, he had considered the aspects of benefit, simplicity, and trustworthiness from cellular service providers. The provider of QRIS service is expected to improve usefulness, simplicity, and security because the public concern much about those three aspects in using cellular services. Next researches are suggested not to use the variables above, i.e. Mobile Usefulness (MU), Mobile Ease of Use (MEoU), Mobile Perceived Trust (MPT), because several studies have explained that the said variables have constant linkage with behavioral intention.
PENGARUH DETERMINAN PERDAGANGAN BILAT- ERAL INDONESIA-AUSTRALIA TERHADAP TOTAL EKSPOR INDONESIA DENGAN PENDEKATAN GRAVITY MODEL
Authors: Efendi Reyne Niang , Munawar
Published: August 2024

The economic cooperation between Indonesia and Australia has existed for a long time, including in terms of export and import, one of which is contained in the IA-CEPA agreement. However, the trend of growth in Indonesia's imports to Australia tends to be more stable in value than its exports. Geographical proximity is also important for the two countries to support each other's economy, especially in terms of trade, so this study uses a gravity model approach. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the distance from the exporting country (Indonesia) to the destination country (Australia), Australia's GDP, Australian population, real exchange rate, and the economic crisis on Indonesia's total exports. This study is a quantitative study using secondary time series data in the form of annual data for the period 1991 to 2020. In this study, the authors used E-views 9 software for processing the collected data.
PENGARUH DIVERSIFIKASI PENDAPATAN, BOPO DAN CARTERHADAP PROFITABILITAS PERBANKAN SELAMA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Sofianingsih Reni , Bahtiar Fitanto
Published: August 2024

The Covid-19 pandemic has disrupted the pace of Indonesia's economic growth. The policy of lowering interest rates in the context of the national economic recovery as well as slowing credit disbursement resulted in a decline in the NIM of the banking system. Therefore, banks are trying to find new sources of income other than interest income sources, namely through diversification. In addition to income diversification, operational efficiency and management of capital aspects are also very important factors that can affect bank conditions during the Covid-19 pandemic. This study aims to analyze the effect of income diversification (DIVPEN), operational efficiency (BOPO) and capital adequacy ratio (CAR) on banking profitability proxied by ROA during the Covid-19 pandemic at KBMI bank 4. Data analysis method used in this study namely panel data regression analysis with the best model results, namely FEM (Fixed Effect Model). The results show that income diversification has a positive and significant effect on ROA, BOPO has a negative and significant effect on ROA and CAR has no effect on bank profitability proxied by RPA during the Covid-19 pandemic.