bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Understanding Identity and Socio-Culture Milieu in Sri Lankan Refugee Camp: A Study of Anuk Arudpragasam’s The Story of a Brief Marriage
Authors: Saji Rincy
Published: April 2020

“But woe to him who is alone when he falls for he has no one to help him up.” Ecclesiastes 4:10. Human beings- man defined as the animal rationale, distinct us from other animal species in nothing but the additional attribute to reason. But the modern science proves that “men share all other properties with some species of animal kingdom-expect that the additional gift of ‘reason’, which makes man a more dangerous beast.”(On Violence, 62). But from the moment, humans began living together in communities, some of their members were forcibly expelled from those first towns and villages on ethnic, religious or other grounds. The practice of helping such people absconding became one of the earliest hallmarks of civilization. The world is beating a path to those refugee camps ever since. And in the twentieth century to systematize with these situations the international community took fundamental stride to codify the assistance. Since the Second World War each year, hundreds of thousands of people around the world are forced to move to uncertain places from their safe havens. The United Nations High Commission for Refugee defines them as “A refugee is someone who has been forced to flee from his or her country because of persecution, war or violence.” According to Hannah Arendt, an American-German philosopher, in her seminal essay “We Refugee” published in 1943 defines a refuge as a person driven to seek refugee because of some act committed or some political opinion held. But she also adds these people who had to seek refugee neither committed any acts nor most of them even dreamt of having any political opinion. We are all brought up in the conviction that life is the highest good and death the greatest trepidation but if we take a close look within the refugee camps, the lives hailing there, we come to know that they have lost the horror for death. Instead of fighting or thinking about how to fight back they have got used to wishing death to friends or relatives and if somebody dies, they cheerfully image all the trouble they have been saved from. As per the report of United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), in 2019, 70.8 million of people are displaced in our world fleeing war, persecution and conflict, at the end of 2018 2.3 million more were forcibly displaced. This is the highest number UN refugee agency has seen in its 70-year existence. Then there are the Internally Displaced People, who have left their homes but remain inside the country borders which numbers 41.9 million. Then there are children every second refugee is a child. These are not just number but souls in flight.
A maternidade no sistema prisional brasileiro
Authors: Silva Pereira Larissa , Silva dos Santos Santana Adailda , Silva Maia Janize
Published: April 2020

Compreender como se dá a maternidade no sistema prisional brasileiro. Revisão integrativa nas bases de dados PUBMED, LILACS e SCIELO, a partir da questão norteadora “como se dá à maternidade no sistema prisional brasileiro?”, resultando em 8 referências selecionadas, categorizadas por semelhança. Mulheres privadas de liberdade têm direito à saúde em ambientes apropriados, devendo ser transferidas para uma unidade que possua estrutura adequada para o acompanhamento gestacional. O nascimento da criança deve ocorrer em unidade hospitalar da secretaria da administração penitenciária e, posteriormente em locais para o acolhimento adequado do bebê, no entanto, a ausência de acomodação e alimentação necessárias, o ambiente insalubre e a superlotação das celas podem prejudicar o processo gravídico puerperal, quando necessidades especiais de saúde são ignoradas. Os programas gestacionais cobertos pelo SUS, não possuem grande relevância dentro das prisões brasileiras prejudicando a integralidade e, sobretudo, a equidade do binômio.
Study of qualitative and quantitative content of amino acids in pumpkin seeds for further standardization of the herbal drug
Authors: Kotova E.E. , Kotov S.A. , Gontova T.M. , Kotov A.G.
Published: April 2020

Aim: Literary sources on qualitative composition, quantitative content of biologically active substances, and standardization methods of pumpkin seeds have been studied. It has been established that, along with Δ7-sterols, whose action is associated with treatment of the prostate gland, pumpkin seeds contain amino acids, cucurbitin in particular, which are responsible for their antihelminthic effect. The aim is to study the qualitative and quantitative content of amino acids in domestic samples of pumpkin seeds in order to clarify the possibility of pumpkin seed standardization for this class of biologically active substances.

Methods: The investigation of the possibility of amino acids’ identification in the herbal drug by the thin-layer chromatography (TLC) method was carried out on silica gel 60 F254 plates, Merck and Silica gel 60, Merck, on aluminum and glass supports in a mixture of the following solvents: butanol–acetone–acetic acid–water (35:35:10:20). The conclusions have been made based on the presence of characteristic zones of amino acids in the chromatograms after the treatment with ninhydrin solution. Quantitative determination of amino acids in the herbal drug was carried out by absorption spectrometry using HP spectrophotometer HP-8453 UV-VIS, Hewlett Packard (USA).

Results: The chromatographic profile of the amino acid fraction of domestic samples of pumpkin seeds was studied using a TLC technique. In the chromatograms of test solutions from all samples, the zones were detected at the level of histidine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, glycine, and leucine zones, as well as a zone with color (olive) that differs from the other zones of amino acids and which is possibly a zone of cucurbitin.

On the basis of the results of qualitative research, the quantitative content of the sum of amino acids according to a UV method developed has been determined, which including purification from the fatty oil, further extraction with an aqueous alcohol solution, selection of aliquots for the reaction with ninhydrin solution, and subsequent determination of the absorbance of the test solution and the solution of glutamic acid at a wavelength of 400 nm.

It has been established that the content of the sum of amino acids expressed as glutamic acid in domestic samples is about 2%.

Conclusions: The research of the possibility of pumpkin seed standardization by the content of amino acids was carried out. The chromatographic profile of the amino acid fraction of domestic samples of pumpkin seeds was studied using a TLC method developed. The quantitative content of the amino acids sum by the absorption spectrophotometry method was investigated. The techniques developed will be recommended for inclusion in the draft of national monograph “Pumpkin seeds.”
Concentration-dependent effect of silymarin on concanavalin A-stimulated mouse spleen cells in vitro
Authors: Hrčková G. , Kubašková T. Mačák , Mudroňová D. , Bardelčíková A.
Published: April 2020

Aims: Silymarin (SIL), a mixture of phenolic compounds, has a pleiotropic mode of action on various cell types, including immune cells. In this study, we investigated the concentration-dependent effect of SIL on proliferation of concanavalin A (CoA)-stimulated mouse spleen T lymphocytes, their viability, and secretion of IFN-g and IL-4 cytokinesex vivoin relation to gene expressions of transcription factors nuclear factor kappa B and Foxp3. In addition, metabolic activity of T cells was determined as changes in the mitochondrial membrane potential and apoptosis.

Material/Methods: Isolated splenocytes were stimulated with lectin CoA and treated with SIL atthe concentrations of 5, 10, 20, and 40 μg/ml for 70 h and unstimulated cells served as the control. Cultures of splenocytes were evaluated for proliferation index following BrdU incorporation and viability of cells after trypan blue staining. Gene expressions of transcription factors and cytokines were assessed using real-time PCR, whereas ELISA test was applied to measure cytokine secretion. Mitochondrial membrane potential and apoptosis were determined by flow cytometry.

Results: We demonstrated that CoA-activated mouse spleen T lymphocytes show different susceptibilities to low (£10 μg/ml) and higher (20 and 40 μg/ml) SIL concentrations. Low concentrations resulted in increased proliferation, cytokine secretion, and mitochondrial membrane potential and reduced transition of cells to apoptosis. High concentration of SIL had the opposite effect without exerting significant cytotoxicity and upregulated genes for cytokines and transcription factors on mRNA level. It is possible that individual subpopulations of T cells induced by CoA were differentially affected by the various SIL concentrations and the dose of 40 μg/ml had the profound suppressive effect. This correlated with the highest expression of Foxp3 factor, indicating that this dose stimulated preferential differentiation to Tregs lymphocytes.

Conclusions: Treatment with suitable doses of SIL can provide potential benefits in the modulation of host immune functions in various diseases.
Does Test-Anxiety Experience Impair Student Teachers’ Later Tendency to Perspective-Taking?
Authors: Wolgast Anett , Hille Miriam , Streit Philipp , Grützemann Wolfgang
Published: April 2020

Introduction:
We aimed to examine whether student teachers’ tendency to test anxiety relates to their later perspective-taking tendency and self-efficacy. The purpose of the presented study was to obtain first insights into the relationship between test anxiety, perspective-taking, and self-efficacy tendencies in student teachers. These tendencies may determine student orientation across different situations. We tested the hypothesis that the test anxiety components emotionality and worry relate to later low perspective-taking and self-efficacy.

Methods:
We conducted a longitudinal study with 275 student-teachers and analyzed the obtained data using structural equation modeling.

Results:
The data analysis revealed that only emotionality is related to lower perspective-taking and self-efficacy in later life.

Discussion:
We conclude that lowering student teachers’ test anxiety emotionality (e.g. through interventions) would result to later increased perspective-taking tendency.

Limitations:
Participants attended the study voluntarily, so it was a self-selected sample. We employed a correlational design over two measurement times instead of experimental methods.

Conclusions:
The obtained results give an explanation of why student teachers focused rather on themselves than on school students in classes. The perspective-taking tendency is important for teachers’ student orientation. The role of perspective-taking in different teaching situations might be investigated in further research.
Investigating the Empathic Skills of Physical Education Teachers
Authors: Şinoforoğlu Tolga , Balçıkanlı Gülfem Sezen
Published: April 2020

Introduction:
As one of the most important requirements for healthy communication, empathy is vital in a great many occupations. Various studies have investigated the importance and level of empathy in various occupation groups. One of the leading occupations requiring strong empathic skills is teaching. Teachers need empathy to create an effective learning environment, develop good communication with their students, and understand them well. The current study investigates the empathic skills of physical education teachers to evaluate various variables.

Methods:
The research participants comprised 152 physical education teachers in Turkey, 39 women (25.7%) and 113 men (74.3%), who completed the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI). Descriptive statistical methods and the Kolmogorov Smirnov test were used to determine whether the data were normally distributed. The data were analysed using ranking t-test and correlation methods as well as descriptive statistical models (α=0.05). The total internal consistency coefficient of the scales, measured by Cronbach’s Alpha, was.56.

Results:
Regarding the IRI scores for the physical education teachers, the highest mean score was for emphatic concern, followed by perspective taking and fantasy. Teaching duration was associated with higher empathic skill scores. Empathic skills were also positively correlated with higher educational level. Finally, the mean fantasy scores were statistically higher for participants who were not training a school team.

Discussion:
Physical education courses contribute to the physiological, sociological, psychological, and moral development of students. For this reason, physical education and sports is a compulsory component of the education system from an early age all around the globe. This makes it essential that physical education teachers have appropriate characteristics that they exhibit in their teaching. In the first place, it is necessary to have healthy communication between the physical education teacher and students.

Limitations:
The current study gathered data from one specific region in Turkey, from physical education teachers in the city of Kütahya. Consequently, the demographic data were evaluated only for statistically significant variables. Other variables that were not numerically equal, were not investigated.

Conclusions:
Physical education teachers should adopt an empathic approach to teacher-student relationships. Educational institutions should organise activities to develop these empathic skills in teachers.
Quality of Life and Value Orientation of University Students in Middle-Adulthood
Authors: Čepelová Slávka , Barnová Silvia
Published: April 2020

Introduction:
Every person needs to define their own parameters of values and quality of life as there is a range of life circumstances and objective or subjective factors which force individuals to make decisions and select from available solutions depending on their personalities and other determinants. Currently, these notions have been broadly discussed and the authors of the presented study believe, that in the context of value orientation and life quality, there are new interactions, correlations and new truth to be revealed.

Methods:
The presented research aimed to find out about the respondents’ perception of their quality of life and value orientation using WHOQOLBREF 1996 questionnaire and Vonkomer’s HO-PO-MO questionnaire and unrevealing the relations between them. The research sample consisted of 300 in their middle-adulthood involved in external university study programs.

Results:
The results presented in this study indicate that from the aspect of the subjective perception of the quality of life by individuals, external factors such as age or place of residence are not decisive. The most important finding of the research is that, as well as value orientation focusing on the values of knowledge, education and economic aspects leads to a better quality of life; a better quality of life is determined by a value orientation focused on the fields of knowledge, education and economic values.

Discussion:
The attention of professionals from various fields of science and their research activities is given mostly to the relatively small population of young generation, the process of the creation of their value orientation and thus, their subjective quality of life. The presented study is focused on productive generation of middle-aged adults involved in tertiary education, which has experienced several massive changes in the society and received primary and secondary education in an educational context different from the present situation.

Limitations:
The conducted research into the respondents’ quality of life is limited by the applied methods as it focuses on four basic areas of quality of life and quantitative methods are used. The advantages of this approach lie in exactly defined fields and quantitative data which enable comparison. One of its shortcomings is that it does not find out anything about the qualitative, dynamic aspects of the respondents’ reflections about their own quality of life.

Conclusion:
The findings show that quality of mental life correlates with educational value orientation as well as quality of social relationships with social value orientation. It can be stated that, as well as value orientation focusing on the values of knowledge, education and economic aspects leads to a better quality of life; a better quality of life is determined by a value orientation focused on the fields of knowledge, education and economic values.
Homeschooling in Secler Region, Romania
Authors: Mandel Kinga Magdolna
Published: April 2020

Introduction:
In the presented article, we are looking for the solutions and challenges of homeschooling in terms of further education and labour market inclusion.

Purpose:
The purpose of the paper is to discuss the conceptual framework of a research-initiative on homeschooling. What are the consequences? Because of a lack of adequate state language usage, is there a forced migration in the pupils’ career paths? To what extent are homeschoolers included into traditional compulsory education, lifelong learning, the labor market, and the society?

Methods:
This is a paper with the conceptual framework of a research, where snowball sampling based qualitative interviews are planned.

Results:
From the research to be conducted, the authors expect a reliable picture of the causes, challenges and consequences of homeschooling on lifelong learning, the labour market and social inclusion.

Discussion:
It seems that homeschooling in the Seclerland is a de-schooling solution, because it is usually opted by parents dissatisfied with the quality of education. It helps them avoid Romanian language tests of skills and maturity examinations. We assume that those with outstanding competencies (e.g. in music or sports) or those with a certain handicap (e.g. health problems), as well as those temporarily living abroad are choosing it. It can be a sort of forced solution, a self-defense strategy that protects students from increasing school conflicts, and a reaction to the lack of satisfactory educational offers, commuting, or school segregation.

Limitations:
Limitations of research are due to the snowball sample method and time/money limits.

Conclusions:
We hope that, above all, the results will help parents to take a wise decision on whether to choose this option or not, but also schools and decision makers in education to assess their roles in the process and make changes if they want to and can do so.
‘If it is teaching, then teach!’ (Romans 12:7): ministry, big issues and grown-up discipleship
Authors: Greggs Tom
Published: April 2020

After addressing the teaching and learning context in which contemporary theology exists, this article seeks to address contemporary Methodism and Methodist theology. Drawing on Scripture and theologians, it is argued that the Church is a creation of the Holy Spirit, and knows itself as such not only as it is created intensely so by an event of the Spirit of God, but also that the purpose of this intensive indwelling work of the Holy Spirit is to push the Church beyond its boundaries and orientate it onto the world. In light of this, seven motifs are identified for a theology which seeks to serve the Church.
The end of theological education – is wisdom the principal thing?
Authors: Leach Jane
Published: April 2020

This article invites reflection on the theological purposes of the education of church leaders. It is conceived as a piece of practical theology that arises from the challenge to the Wesley House Trustees in Cambridge to reconceive and re-articulate their vision for theological education in a time of turbulence and change. I reflect on Wesley House’s inheritance as a community of formation (paideia) and rigorous scholarship (Wissenschaft); and on the opportunities offered for the future of theological education in this context by a serious engagement with both the practices and concepts of phronēsis and poiēsis and a dialogical understanding of biblical wisdom, as Wesley House seeks to offer itself as a cross-cultural community of prayer and study to an international Methodist constituency.
A discipleship movement shaped for mission: forming a new ecclesial identity for British Methodism?
Authors: Walton Roger L.
Published: April 2020

The article tracks the development of a new ecclesial strapline for the British Methodist Church in the period between 2007 and 2014 and assesses the initial impact of the identity on education and ecumenism. It argues that the theme and practice of holiness has been underplayed and underdeveloped in the discourse to find a fresh expression of Methodism’s calling but that there are surprisingly creative elements latent in the expression, especially in a new era of ecumenical relations.
Mission in Britain today: some modest reflections and proposals
Authors: Bevans Stephen
Published: April 2020

While ‘Mission in Britain today’ includes many aspects, this article focuses on the witness of the Church within Britain’s contemporary highly secularized culture. Rather than ‘technical change’, the Church is called to work at ‘adaptive change’, and so to concentrate less on strategies and more on internal renewal. Such adaptive change involves freeing people’s imagination from simplistic and abusive images of God, offering a positive image of God that is inspiring and truly challenging, recognizing the kenotic nature of the Church, and realizing that mission is carried out in a world of grace where God is already present and working
Holiness, social justice and the mission of the Church: John Wesley’s insights in contemporary context
Authors: Field David N.
Published: April 2020

John Wesley summarised Methodism’s mission as spreading ‘scriptural holiness’. This article argues that the praxis of social justice as an expression of holiness is integral to the mission of the Church. The following themes from Wesley’s theology are examined: holiness as love; ‘justice, mercy, and truth’; social holiness; works of mercy as a means of grace; stewardship, and ‘the outcasts of men’. It argues that the praxis of justice, mercy and truth is integral to holiness and hence to mission of the Church. A contextualisation of this theme in the context of secularisation and migration is then developed.
Mission-shaped Methodism and Fresh Expressions
Authors: Cox-Darling Joanne
Published: April 2020

TheMission-Shaped Churchreport by the Church of England prompted the Methodist Church and the Church of England in the UK to respond to the dislocation being felt between the inherited model of church and the missiological challenges of the twenty-first century. The most significant ecumenical development arising from the report was the formation of the Fresh Expressions initiative, whose sole task was to release leaders and communities to found churches for the ‘unchurched’.

Examples of Anglican fresh expressions are much researched, but Methodist contributions less so. This essay argues that Methodist people, as people of a holiness movement of mission and ministry, have much to offer to the current ecclesial debate. There is a need for fresh expressions to be denominationally distinctive before they can be distilled into something new.
Qualification of the Carbon Dioxide Measurement System to Supervise and Improve the Process of Obtaining Breathing Gas for Oxygen Hyperbaric Conditions
Authors: Woźniak Arkadiusz
Published: April 2020

Maintaining a stable carbon dioxide content below the established CTQ1 requirements in the process of obtaining breathing gas for hyperbaric oxygen conditions is essential for the safety of underwater work. This article discusses the subject of validation of a selected measuring system for on-line control of the breathing gas production process and describes the application of multidimensional sensory systems to control critical parameters of the production process in production systems intended for intensive use away from supply facilities. In this case, the on-line contamination measurement option should be considered2. Monitoring of the analysed process from the point of view of its ability to minimise its variability should be oriented towards measuring the input or process values in such a way as to prevent the occurrence of potential defects already at the production stage. The assessment of the CCS - Carbon Dioxide Control System3 selected for testing, designed to control the carbon dioxide content, was performed in DUWT PNA4 for the DGKN - 120 complex compressed air supply system5. The system evaluation was conducted using MSA6 procedures and methods of SPC7.
The Issue of the Free Surface of Adsorbent in the Description of a Monolayer Mobile Gas Adsorption on Solids
Authors: Garbacz Jerzy K. , Ciechalski Jerzy , Kozakiewicz Mariusz
Published: April 2020

This paper characterises the concept of monolayer mobile gas adsorption on a homogeneous surface of a solid. The theoretical basis of the phenomenological variant of the description of adsorption equilibrium in the system in question are discussed. The essential features of the solutions to date are discussed, and the effect of the free surface of adsorbent on the form of the final adsorption equation is stressed.

An alternative concept of the free surface based on the modified two-dimensional analogue of Reiss, Frisch and Lebowitz equations is also presented. The obtained adsorption equation was tested for critical parameters of two-dimensional condensation of the adsorption layer, and then used to describe the experimental data available in literature. The verification carried out confirmed the correctness and usefulness of the proposed concept.
Poland’s Path Towards Decompression Realisation in Underwater Works Part II. Decompression Tables for Commercial Deep-Sea Diving in Poland
Authors: Skrzyński Stanisław
Published: April 2020

In the article the author presents the specificity of decompression of deep-sea dives in relation to methods used in underwater works, with particular emphasis on commercial diving in our country. In the 50 - 90 m depth zone in the Polish offshore area, decompression was used in underwater works (works below the depth of 50 m) based on tables designed for bell diving. The technical, organisational and formal conditions of these underwater works corresponded to the national diving potential. The implementation of decompression, particularly in deep-sea dives, provides the possibility of performing it in many different ways. They, in turn, are the result of experience, diving technique, organisation and specificity of underwater works.

The article presents the implementation of decompression from the executive side of underwater deep-sea works developed and carried out by the Department of Underwater Works Technology of the Naval Academy in cooperation with the Navy until 2001 and civil companies to date.
Studies of Body Weight/Heart Weight [C/S] Ratio in Treated and Untreated Experimental Pulmonary Barotrauma
Authors: Siermontowski Piotr , Kozłowski Wojciech , Pleskacz Katarzyna
Published: April 2020

The prerequisite of development of pulmonary barotrauma [PB] is retention of the breathing mix in the lungs during a sudden decrease in external pressure or its administration into the airways under increased pressure or in a volume exceeding the maximum lung capacity. In such cases, the pulmonary parenchyma ruptures and air enters both the pleural cavity and/or the lumen of ruptured blood vessels located in the alveolar septa. The result is permanent disruption of the pulmonary parenchyma.

The aim of the study was to assess the influence of post-PB lesions on the heart muscle and the importance of hyperbaric treatment on the exacerbation of such lesions in the heart. The hearts of 35 rabbits were used in the study. In animals of the experimental group, PB was induced in the pressure chamber using the proprietary method described in previous publications. Part of the animals in this group were treated with air hyperbaria. The comparison group consisted of animals, which did not undergo PB during a simulated dive. All animals were weighed, observed for four weeks and then put to death following the experiment. In autopsy, among others, whole hearts were collected and weighed after fixation. Subsequently, the C/S ratio, i.e. the body to heart weight ratio, was calculated. The measurement results were subject to statistical analysis. A statistically significant increase in the C/S ratio was found, indicating an increase in the share of heart weight in the total body weight in the group of animals with PB not treated with air hyperbaria as compared to the control group.
The Occurrence of Arrhythmias and Heart Rate Variability During Diving in Recreational Divers Using Continuous Electrocardiographic Holter Monitoring
Authors: Stelmaszczyk Łukasz , Starek-Stelmaszczyk Magdalena , Starek Maria , Kurek Łukasz , Żuchlińska-Kwiatkowska Joanna , Dębiński Michał
Published: April 2020

The aim of the research was to evaluate the occurrence of arrhythmias and heart rate variability during diving in recreational divers. Continuous electrocardiographic (ECG) Holter monitoring was conducted in a group of 50 divers (age 36,8 ± 8,7). The recorded data included the duration of the dive, including a period of 60 minutes before the dive and 60 minutes after the dive. Moreover, divers filled in a questionnaire that had been prepared for the purpose of the study and the psychological tests State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). The ECG recordings were synchronised with dive computers to correlate the ECG changes with diving events and analysed for the heart rate, arrhythmias and conduction disorders. The average heart rate was the highest (M=107.34 beats/minute) before diving, and the lowest after diving (M = 102.00 beats/minute). Supraventricular arrhythmias were recorded in nineteen (38%) of the participants of the study. The number of arrhythmias during diving (M = 14,45) is significantly higher than before (M = 9,93, p < 0,01) and after dive (M = 6,02, p < 0,05). All results were obtained from the continuous ECG Holter monitoring. It seems that using continuous ECG monitoring in conditions similar to diving (physical and psychological stress), brings more benefits than traditional, resting electrocardiogram.
Research on the Microbiological Quality of Air in Naval Facilities
Authors: Dąbrowiecki Zbigniew , Dąbrowiecka Małgorzata , Olszański Romuald , Siermontowski Piotr
Published: April 2020

Harmful biological factors accumulated in the ambient atmosphere are a very important and increasingly recognised problem of both occupational medicine and public health. The quantitative and qualitative assessment of harmful biological agents in the working environment is a very important element of the exposure assessment and therefore of an assessment of workers’ health risks. In 2018, a pilot study on the microbiological quality of air was carried out at two facilities of the Polish Navy.
Energy Expenditure of Swimmers and Scuba Divers
Authors: Michniewski Przemysław
Published: April 2020

This article discusses the energy input and effort of swimmers during long-distance swimming, classifying them according to the definitions of work intensity. It also refers to the diver’s effort while performing tasks underwater.
Assessment of the Operation of the Piechcin Diving Centre (Piechcin Base) in the Opinion of Respondents
Authors: Cichowska Jolanta B.
Published: April 2020

This paper presents an in-depth (in comparison to the pilot studies conducted in 2017) analysis of the offering of the Piechcin recreational dive area. The intention was to check whether the current service offering translates into customer satisfaction, and the activities undertaken on site correlate with the reasons why divers choose this place. In addition, it was established whether the proposal to introduce additional facilities for visitors to the site would translate into their return to the location. The main obstacles to the lack of frequent implementation of dives in Piechcin and infrastructural problems of the reservoir were identified. Particular attention has been paid to the competences and creativity of the organiser of this form of recreation, since personal potential is often a determinant of the success of the business (including in particular ensuring the safety of visitors).
The Dissemination of the Cult of Saint Vincent in Slovakia and Austria as a Result of 18th Century Migration of Alpine Woodcutters
Authors: Nováková Katarína Slobodová , Krajčovič Pavol
Published: April 2020

Saint Vincent is one of the saints the worshipping of which occupies an important place both in the official church cult and in folk religiousness. He is currently regarded as the patron of wine growers, wine producers and woodcutters. Folk respect was particularly manifested in Saint Vincent’s native Spain and France, and this cult gradually expanded to Germany and Austria in the 14th century. Thanks to migration, it spread from these regions to southern Austria and Slovakia with relatively successful establishment. The study analyses the materials from different periods of the 19th and 20th centuries, obtained by field and archive research on the religiousness of Alpine woodcutters, as well as older historical materials and contemporary records of this cult. By means of a comparative analysis of the obtained data, the study attempts to explore the movements by which the cult of Saint Vincent could have spread to Lower Austria and Western Slovakia. It also points out the importance of interdisciplinary research in indicating the origin of Alpine woodcutters, designated by the exoethnonym Huncokars in Slovakia. The previous research and publications about this group were based on relatively poor and limited sources of information, many of which were not always correctly interpreted. The study has the ambition to add and correct the information on the origin of Alpine woodcutters in the light of the newest research and findings. The research of the cult of Saint Vincent is one of the paths that indicate the origin of the group as well as the possible ways of the dissemination of the cult thanks to the migration of its supporters. Through the example of this cult, we also aim to highlight cultural transfers as a result of ethnic movements in Central Europe.
Continuities in the Period of “Revolutionary Changes” and the “Dusk of the Peasant Status” (Contribution to the Study of Rural Life in Socialist Czechoslovakia)
Authors: Polouček Oto
Published: April 2020

The narratives from the socialist period remarkably resemble the discussions after 1989 when it comes to the statement that the second half of the 20th century brought discontinuities that changed the countryside, even though their evaluations are different: the “desired” progress promoted by the normalisation language had not admitted the listing of the negative impacts on the countryside and the environment which logically became the centre of discussion after 1989. There is, however, a consensus in that the collectivisation of agriculture and the modernisation of the countryside had a significant impact on the functioning of rural communities, the way of life and municipal hierarchies. The author of the study suggests, though, that it is impossible to fully grasp the impacts of the transformation of the countryside on the present if we only observe the discontinuities. His assumptions are based on his own interest in the memories about the social life in the late socialism period, while focusing on the observation of the continuities that can be based on a reflection of normative ideas and values. Thanks to an analysis of orally historical interviews and the evaluation of contemporary ethnographic research, the members of rural communities were shown to have successfully developed initiatives to ensure continuity in social life despite its changing form and inter-generational discussions. This can be explained with the observation of symbols with which people identify themselves – thanks to their embeddedness in the values system and high adaptability to external interventions. It is impossible to fully understand the strategies of adaptabilities, so characteristic of this period, without observing the impact of the continuities (e.g. the need to use hypernormalised language to advocate one’s own interests).
Comparison of Modern and Traditional Ways of Perceiving Information about Selected Cultural Heritage Objects
Authors: Formanek Matúš , Filip Vladimír , Hnat Adam
Published: April 2020

This paper maps out the possibilities of using virtual and augmented reality in the context of virtual museums and galleries. In addition to the many advantages that virtual reality offers in new knowledge acquisition and presentation of cultural heritage objects, we also describe some possible disadvantages or problems directly related to this technology. Next, we try to find the answer to whether the presentation of selected objects of cultural heritage through virtual reality brings better results compared to the presentation in a traditional, museal form in the research part of the article. In conclusion, we summarise and present the results of the conducted research based on the statements of 138 students who participated in our testing.
Grandparenthood from the Evolutionary Perspective
Authors: Uhrin Michal
Published: April 2020

Humans belong to the few species in which females and males live for a relatively long time after the end of their reproductive period. In this paper, I present theoretical concepts explaining the relatively long post-reproductive life span of humans and the menopause: the grandmother hypothesis and the diet, intelligence and longevity model (also known as the embodied capital model). The grandmother hypothesis, offering an evolutionary explanation of the menopause, shows that throughout most of the human history, childrearing has been a cooperative endeavour. In all societies across the world, mothers, fathers, grandparents, and other family members cooperate in networks consisting of kins and non-kins in order to assist with child rearing. The paper also argues how ethnographic research can contribute to the testing of evolutionary theories of grandparenthood in contemporary societies.
Folklorist and Ethnological Research Supported by the Board for the Research of Slovakia and Subcarpathian Ruthenia in Prague during the Interwar Period
Authors: Zelenková Anna
Published: April 2020

The paper focuses on selected folklorist and ethnological activities during the inter-war period, financially supported by the Board for the Research of Slovakia and Subcarpathian Ruthenia, which was established on the initiative of T. G. Masaryk as part of the newly created Slavic Institute in Prague in 1928. This institution aimed to support links between Slovakia and the so-called Czech historical lands and the expressions of “mutuality” in the scientific, cultural or ethnic and language area, etc. The Board provided grants for conducting dialectological, folklorist, geographical and other projects, e.g. for the collection initiative of F. Wollman and his students in Bratislava and Brno in 1928–1947, covering Slovak and (yet unprocessed) Moravian folk fiction. Support was also granted to the research of music culture (D. Orel, K. Hudec, F. Zagriba, etc.), the collection of anthropological and ethnographical materials (K. Chotek, K. Domin, etc.), the study of Slovak folk embroidery (V. Pražák), folklore customs and practices (P. Bogatyrev), folk wood architecture (V. Sičynskyj, D. Stránská), Slovak dialects studied, for example, by V. Vážný, member of the Board, etc. The Slovak Encyclopaedia project, today already forgotten, was not completed. Its editors included historian V. Chaloupecký and, in particular, K. Chotek who prepared the concept of the work in 1930.
Enhancing Vietnamese Vocabulary Knowledge and Vietnamese Listening Ability through the Total Physocal Response Method of Grade 1 Students Satit School Under Rajabhat University, Thailand
Authors: Thanh Nguyen Thi Thu , Pichayakul Thitiporn , Klangphahol Kanreutai
Published: April 2020

The purpose of this research was 1) to enhance Vietnamese vocabulary knowledge through the Total Physical Response (TPR) 2) to enhance Vietnamese Listening abilities through the Total Physical Response (TPR). The scope of the study is grade 1 students in the second semester, academic year 2019, at The Demonstration School of Valaya Alongkorn Rajabhat University Under The Royal Patronage satit by Purposive Sampling. The instruments used in this research were consisted of 1) lesson plans 2) Vietnamese vocabulary test 3) Vietnamese listening comprehension test. The statistics used to analyze the data were mean, percentage and standard deviation and t-test dependent. The result of this study indicated that Vietnamese vocabulary knowledge and Vietnamese listening ability of the students increased after learning through the Total Physical Response.
اللغات البرمجية للحاسبات الالكترونية
Authors: حميد عصام احمد
Published: April 2020

تعرف لغة البرمجة على انها مجموعة من المعلمات او الارشادات تعطى الى الحاسبة لحل مشكلة معينة . وعندما يكتب البرنامج بلغة الحاسبة machine language فعلى المبرمج ان ياخذ في حاسبة معرفة سجلات الحاسبة registres والذاكرة وعناوين مواقعها memory addresses . وبناء لغة جديدة للحاسبة ، يعني بناء نموذج جديد يسهل من عملية البرمجة بالنسبة للمبرمج وينقذه من الوقوع في قيود مكونات الحاسبة المادية ، وتلك هي وظيفة لغات البرمجة العالية المستوى . وهناك المئات بل الالاف من لغات البرمجة ، لكل لغة خصاءص معينة ووظائف معينة ، كما ان لكل لغة تركيب مجرد وتركيب معنوي خاص بها . يتناول هذا المقال لغات البرمجة المختلفة ذات الاستعمال الرياضي والفيزياوي ، ويشرح صفات وخصائصها المشتركة وصولا الى ايجاد التطبيقات المناسبة لكل منها ، كما يتناول المقال ايضا اهمية ونوعية تصاميم اللغات المتوازية لما لها من تاثير في زيادة القدرة الحاسبية والسرعة في الانجاز.
زيادة سرعة تناقل المعلومات في ذاكرة الفقاعات المغناطيسية
Authors: محمد الجبوري وكاع فرمان
Published: April 2020

لقد اصبحت تكنولوجيا الفقاعات المعناطيسية شائعة الاستعمال هذة الايام كذاكرة للحاسبات الالكترونية . ولكن هذة الفقاعات لاتزال تواجه مشكلة رئيسية وهي ان حركتها داخل الاغشية الرقيقة لاتزال متوسط نسبيا . ولقد تم في هذا البحث دراسة حركة الفقاعة , وحجمها وسرعتها . وقد استعملت سبائك التحريك الفقاعة من نوع شيفرن غير مناظر . وتم توليد سيل مستمر من الفقاعات المعناطيسية وشوهدت تصرفاتها بدقة تحت المجهر . لقد وجد ان حركة وحجم وسرعة هذة الفقاعات غير منتظم . وهناك مناطق تحت سبائك الحركة تتخلف فيها الفقاعات عن اتجاة المجال المغناطيسي الذي تحركت بحيث تصر سرعة الفقاعات في هذة المناطق الى الحدود القصوى . لقد تم وضع بعض المقترحات والتي من شأنها تفليل تخلف الفقاعات وزيادة سرعنها وبذلك نستطيع اختصار زمن كتابه وقراءة المعلومات في والى هذا النوع من الذاكرات.
مستقبل استخدام الحاسبات الالكترونية في التعليم المساعد في (الرياضيات)
Authors: موسى العبيدي مهدي فاضل , عمر نبيل خليل
Published: April 2020

مستقبل استخدام الحاسبات الالكترونية في التعليم المساعد في (الرياضيات)
تطبيقات الحاسبة في الدراسات المختلفة للغة العربية
Authors: باشي سنان محمود عطار , الطالب سحر عبد العزيز
Published: April 2020

تطبيقات الحاسبة في الدراسات المختلفة للغة العربية
المنطق المضبب ... مدخل لتصميم انظمة الذكاء الاصطناعي
Authors: بكر منذر نعمان , الرماحي سامي كاظم
Published: April 2020

يقدم هذا البحث على نحو تمهيدي ، نظرية المجموعات المضببة ومنطقها كنظام منكامل ، يمكن من خلالها تصميم الات ذات ذكاء اصطناعي متفوق . حيث تم شرح مفهوم دالة الامنساب المتدرجة ، وتعرف عمليات المنطق المضبب الاساسية ، ورابطة التضمين المضبب واخواتها . ومن ثم انتقلنا الى امتحان اصول الاستنتاج المضبب بمثال المسطر الذي يستخدم المنطق المضبب ، وفي الختام ، اشرنا الى اسلةب نقل دلالة الالفاظ اللغويه الى خوارزمية مضببة باستخدام طريقة التقريب اللغوي
مبادئ واساسيات في تشفير البيانات في نظم الحاسبات الالكترونية
Authors: زهران سامي , عبد العزيز سعد
Published: April 2020

يهدف هذا البحث الى جذب الانتباه لضرورة و اهمية تامين البيانات المنقولة عبر شبكات الاتصال والمتداولة بواسطة نظم الحاسبات الالية . والى خطورة النتائج المترتبة على اختراق تلك النظم ..ثم يتعرض لاحد الاساليب الاساسية المتبعة في تامين البيانات وهو اسلوب تشفير البيانات حيث يقدم تعريفا لهذا الاسلوب وطرق تطبيقه باستخدتم خوارزنية تشفير بالاضافة الى مفتاح شفري لتصعيب مهمة مخترقي النظام . ومنها على سبيل المثال استخدام خوارزمية تشفير معقدة وتشفير المفاتيج الثفرية وتغيير قيمتها من حين الى اخر.. الخ واخيرا يناقش البحث الحاجة الى نمطيات موحدة متفق عليها لنظم تشفير البيانات مع ضرب مثال لنظام نمطي ، ثم عرض امثلة لبعض التطبيقات التي تستخدم فيها نظم تشفير البيانات.
تحويل النص الى نطق في اللغة العربية
Authors: مرادي عبد الحق
Published: April 2020

يمكن تحويل النص المكتوب الى نص منطوق . اما بأتباع طريقة التركيب القواعدي Synthesis by Rules او بطريقة تركيب سلسة العناصر الاساسية المحللة سلفا. يعتمد نظام تركيب النص المنظوق في هذة الورقة على اعتماد الاسلوب الثاني . حيث يقوم النظام بتحويل النص العربي القياسي المدخل الى فيونيمات Phoneme باستخدام مجاميع من الاصوات (LPC Coded phone) . تتناول الورقة وصفا موجزا للغة العربية مع التاكيد على خصوصيتها بالمقارنة مع اللغة الانكليزية والفرنسية . كما تعرض الورقة طريقة تحويل النص العربي الى نطق باستخدام قاعدة تحويل الحرف الى نغمة مقابلة Letter-phone ، وطريقة بناء وتطوير القاموس النعمي diphone dictionary . ان صلاحية وحدود الاصوات القياسية موضحة بافتراض ان كل نغمة يجري تمثيلها بطور او صيغة واحدة في قاموس الاصوات القياسية . وعلى هذا المبدا تم تطوير لوح الكتروني يعمل بالاعتماد على المعالج المايكروي ويعتمد على الدائرة التكاملية الخاصة بالفهم اللغوي (TMS S220) حيث سمح هذا اللوح بالتركيب اللغوي باستمرار .
التصميم التفاعلي للمخططات الشبكية على المنظومة البيانية
Authors: الهاشمي باقرعبد الرسول , عبد الهادي وكيل , عبد الامير عدنان
Published: April 2020

يهدف البحث الى بناء نظام لتصميم المخططات الشبكية على منظومة بيانية من خلال تفاعل المستفيد مع النظام عبر لغة سيطرة . حيث يقع هذا النظام في اربعة اجزاء ، فالجزء الاول يمثل التنقيح البياني والذي يتضمن اضافة وحذف عقدة او قوس ، حذف المخطط الشبكي، تغيير موقع عقدة، ترقيم العقدة، انعاش الشاشة . والجزء الثاني يمثل التحويل الخظي والذي يتضمن التقييس ، ازاحة ، تدوير المخطط الشبكي، وعرض مصفوفة التجاور المقابلة للمخطط الشبكي . والجزء الاخير فيشمل ظريقة المسار الحرج كتطبيق على المخطط الشبكي . هذا وقد تمت كتابة برامج النظام باستخدام لغة فورتران وبالاعتماد على حزمة برامج تدعى GDSP-4 PLOT وقد صمم النظام على حاسب (NEC-350) العامل تحت اشراف تظام التشغيل (ACOS-4) وترتبط مع الحاسب عارضة بيانية من نوع التخزين المباشر.
مشروع تطوير الاتصالات بين الحاسبة اولفتي والحاسبات الكبيرة
Authors: عيسى وسام حسين
Published: April 2020

ادى تجميع الحاسبة الشخصية اولفتي (M24) في العراق .ودخولها في دوائر ومؤسسات الدولة ومكاتب القطاع الخاص والاعمال التجارية الصغيرة الى ظهور عدد من التطبيقات الفعلية لهذه الحاسبة ويواجه المستفيدون مشكلة تهيئة المعلومات لهذه الحاسبة عند تطبيق الانظمة الجديدة . حيث ان السحل الاساس قد يصل الى بضعة ملايين من الرموز في السعة . ولذلكم يتطلب تهيئة هذة المعلومات ايجاد وسيلة دقيقة وسريعة للكتابة والخزن. وفي اكثر مراكز الحاسبات الكبيرة تودد شعبة لتهيءة المعلومات مبنية على اساس حاسبة متوسطة لتهيئة المعلومات يتصل بها عدد من محطات تهيئة المعلومات تصل الى 320 محطة لكل حاسبة عادة . ويتميز مشغلو هذه المحطات بالسرعة في كتابة المعلومات نتيجة التحصص لمدة طويلة في عملية تهيئة المعلومات . بينما يقوم نظام تشغيل هذة الحاسبة بتدقيق هذة المعلومات وتجميعها على قرص مغناطيسي . تتخلص فكرة المشروع بتهيئة المعلومات لحساب المستفيد على منظومة تهيئة المعلومات . ومن ثم نقلها عن طريق خط الاتصال الى الحاسبة (M24) . مختصرين بذلك الوقت والجهد وكلقة ادحال المعلومات الى الحاسبة (M24) مباشرة بجهد مشغل واحد .
الحاسبات الالكترونية في صناعة السمنت
Authors: محمد خضر محمد زكي
Published: April 2020

الحاسبات الالكترونية في صناعة السمنت
استخدام الحاسب الدقيق في حساب الاحداثيات الزاوية من الاحداثيات المستوية
Authors: حسين علاء محمد , شكري حبيب روبرت
Published: April 2020

استخدام الحاسب الدقيق في حساب الاحداثيات الزاوية من الاحداثيات المستوية
لمحات عن مستقبل استخدام الحاسبات الالكترونية في تدريس العلوم الانسانية
Authors: العبيدي مهدي فاضل موسى , الطالب سحر عبد العزيز
Published: April 2020

لقد اضحى استخدام الحاسبات الالكترونية واضحا في مختلف الاتجاهات ومن هذه الاتجاهات استخدامها كوسيلة تعليمية مساعدة في الكثير من الفروع والاختصاصات . في هذا البحث محاولة لتسليط الضوء على جانب واحد من جوانب استخدام الحاسبات الالكترونية كوسيلة تعليمية في الدراسات الادبية . ان تدريس التاريخ والجغرافية وعلم النقس واللغات وغيرها بواسطة الحاسبات اخذت جيزا كبيرا من اهتمام المعنيين في التعلم الابتدائي والثانوي ولكنها بقيت تتارجح في التعليم الجامعي في اغلب بلدان العالم.