bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hypotension at Hospital Presentation and Post-contrast Acute Kidney Injury Following Computed Tomography with Contrast Media
Authors: Yoshizawa Jo , Yamamoto Ryo , Homma Koichiro , Kamikura Hanae , Sekine Kazuhiko , Kobayashi Yosuke , Funabiki Tomohiro , Sasaki Junichi
Published: December 2021

Background: Post-contrast acute kidney injury (PC-AKI) is a major complication of contrast media usage, and risks for PC-AKI are generally evaluated before performing computed tomography (CT) with contrast at the emergency department (ED). Although persistent hypotension (systolic blood pressure [sBP] <80 mmHg for 1 h) is associated with increased PC-AKI incidence, it remains unclear whether tentative hypotension that is hemodynamically stabilised before CT is a risk for PC-AKI. We hypothesised that hypotension on ED arrival would be associated with higher PC-AKI incidence; even if CT with contrast was performed after patients are appropriately resuscitated. Methods: This multicenter retrospective observational study was conducted at three tertiary care centres during 2013–2014. We identified 280 patients who underwent CT with contrast at ED and whose kidney function was subsequently evaluated. Patients were divided into two groups based on sBP on arrival (<80 vs ≥80 mmHg); hypotension was considered as tentative because CT with contrast has always been performed after patients were stabilised at participating hospitals. PC-AKI incidence was compared between the groups, and inverse probability weighting (IPW) was conducted to adjust background characteristics, including age, sex, comorbidities, anaemia, and acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II score. Results: Eighteen patients were excluded due to chronic haemodialysis, cardiac arrest on arrival, or died within 72 h, and 262 were eligible for this study. PC-AKI incidence was higher in the tentative hypotension group than in the normotension group (7/27 [28.6%] vs 24/235 [10.2%], odds ratio [OR] 3.08 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.18–8.03], p = 0.026), which was confirmed by IPW (OR 3.25 [95% CI 1.99–5.29], p < 0.001). Similar results were obtained in subgroups with an estimated glomerular filtration rate of <60 mL/min/1.73 m2. Conclusion: Tentative hypotension at ED was associated with PC-AKI development.
Investigation on Orbital EDM for Double-Hole Thin Wall of Integrated Flexible Joint
Authors: Liu Yang , Du Yunlong , Li Weifeng , Feng Yerui , Guo Yongfeng
Published: December 2021

The thin neck structure of integrated flexible joint is the key factor to realize high-precision navigation in dynamically tuned gyroscope. The thin neck structure is composed of two adjacent circular holes and the thin wall between the two holes. The thin wall is easy to deform under the external force and vibration exerted by the tool when using traditional machining methods such as drilling and boring, and the cutting tools are easily to be damaged for the machining of small holes in superhard materials, inducing high processing cost. Aiming at these problems, the machining method of double-hole thin wall in the step-by-step orbital electrical discharge machining (EDM) with a high rotation speed electrode is proposed. The procedure for EDM of double-hole flexible thin wall is designed, and the process parameters of each step machining are optimized using orthogonal experiment and signal-to-noise ratio analysis. The machining experiments of double-hole thin wall of 3J33B material are proceed using the optimized parameters. The results show that the hole diameter of the double-hole flexible thin wall is 2 mm, the hole depth is 8mm, and the average thickness of the thin wall is about 46.5 μm. The thickness range between the measured point and the average is 1.55 μm, that compared with average thickness of 46.5 μm, the error is less than 3%, the overall thickness is uniform relatively.
Evaluation of altered miRNA expression pattern to predict COVID-19 severity.
Authors: Srivast Swati , Garg Iti , Singh Yamini , Meena Ramesh , Hembrom Anju A , Ghosh Nilanjana , Kumari Babita , Kumar Vinay , Eslavath Malleswara Rao , Singh Sayar , Dogra Vikas , Bargotya Mona , Bhattar Sonali , Gupta Utkarsh , Jain Shruti , Hussain Javed , Varshney Rajeev , Ganju Lilly
Published: December 2021

Outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic in December 2019 affected millions of people globally. After substantial research, there is no specific and reliable biomarker available till date. Present study was designed to identify specific biomarkers to predict COVID-19 severity and tool for formulating treatment. A small cohort of subjects (n=43) were enrolled and categorized in four study groups; Dead (n=16), Severe (n=10) and Moderate (n=7) patients and healthy controls (n=10). Small RNA sequencing was done on Illumina platform after isolation of microRNA from peripheral blood. Differential expression (DE) of miRNA (patients groups compared to control) revealed 118 down-regulated and 103 up-regulated known miRNAs with fold change (FC) expression ≥2 folds and p≤0.05. DE miRNAs were then subjected to functional enrichment and network analysis. Bioinformatic analysis resulted in 31 miRNAs (24 Down-regulated; 7 up-regulated) significantly associated with COVID-19 having AUC>0.8 obtained from ROC curve. Seventeen out of 31 DE miRNAs have been linked to COVID-19 in previous studies. Three miRNAs, hsa-miR-147b-5p and hsa-miR-107 (down-regulated) and hsa-miR-1299 (up-regulated) showed significant unique DE in Dead patients. Another set of 4 miRNAs, hsa-miR-224-5p (down-regulated) and hsa-miR-4659b-3p, hsa-miR-495-3p and hsa-miR-335-3p were differentially up-regulated uniquely in Severe patients. Members of three miRNA families, hsa-miR-20, hsa-miR-32 and hsa-miR-548 were significantly down-regulated in all patients group in comparison to healthy controls. Thus a distinct miRNA expression profile was observed in Dead, Severe and Moderate COVID-19 patients. Present study suggests a panel of miRNAs which identified in COVID-19 patients and could be utilized as potential diagnostic biomarkers for predicting COVID-19 severity.
Prevalence of Helicobacter Pylori Serologically in Patients Who Presented With Dyspeptic Symptoms to Orotta Medical Surgical National Referral Hospital
Authors: Tedros Bernandos Bahta , Teklehaimanot Selomie Zemicael , Tesfagabr Tsegai , Hailemichael Yafet , Woldu Sharon , Negassi Amine , Haile Estifanos , Ibrahim Mohammed , Kifleyesus Teame
Published: December 2021

Background: Optimum management of dyspepsia in primary care is a debatable subject. Testing and treatment for Helicobacter pylori has become widely accepted as the approach of choice for patients with chronic dyspepsia but no alarming features. We evaluated prevalence of H. pylori among outpatients with dyspepsia and serologic investigations for it in tertiary hospital Orotta Medical Surgical National Referral Hospital (OMSNRH) retrospectively.Methods: A retrospectively collected data of H. pylori status among dyspeptic patients from Out Patient Department (OPD) and laboratory of OMSNRH, who had undergone serologic test for the infection, of the year 2012 was reviewed for the period from February 2013 to May 2013.Results: The prevalence of dyspepsia visited OMSNRH was 6.08%, with female predominance, from a total visit of 30,035. Of all 1844 dyspeptic patients from the OPD, 20.93% were positive, 48.05% were negative and 31.02% were untested for H. pylori. From a total of 4136 of the laboratory results, the prevalence of H. pylori was 31%. In adults (>14 years), it was 34% and pediatric (<15 years), prevalence was 12.5%. Male sex preference was observed among the adults in this study (37.7% vs. 31.7%, P=0.034). Conclusion: The prevalence of dyspepsia was 6.08% and the prevalence of H. pylori serologically in this study was 34% in adults and 12.5% in pediatric age group.
Vom pädagogischen Misstrauen gegen die Prüfung und dem Versprechen einer digitalen Problemlösung
Authors: Schröder Sabrina
Published: December 2021

Dieser Artikel lotet verschiedene Spielarten eines pädagogischen Misstrauens gegen die Prüfung aus. Hierfür werden zunächst schulpädagogische Auseinandersetzungen v. a. zu den Problematiken der Leistungsbeurteilung diskutiert. Dafür wird erstens auf die Selektionsfunktion der Schule Bezug genommen, zweitens die Differenz zwischen Standardisierung und Individualisierung der Leistungsmessung betrachtet und drittens das Problem der prognostischen Möglichkeiten von Noten in Bezug auf künftigen Lernerfolg thematisiert. Vor dem Hintergrund dieser drei Argumentationslinien verdichtet sich das Misstrauen gegen die Prüfung als ein unauflösbarer Streit, nicht nur in der Wahl um die angemessenen Instrumente der Leistungsbeurteilung, sondern auch in der Frage danach, wie pädagogisch angemessen mit der diagnostischen Aufgabe umzugehen ist. Das neue Forschungsfeld der Learning Analytics wird anschliessend als eine mögliche Antwort auf diese Frage thematisiert, und es wird gezeigt, wie mit digitalen Prüfungspraktiken das Versprechen einhergeht, auf die genannten Probleme zu reagieren und das schulische Lernen insgesamt zu optimieren. Gleichzeitig wird deutlich gemacht, dass auf diese Weise hinsichtlich des Lernsubjekts, des Lerngegenstands und der pädagogischen Beziehungen Verengungsdynamiken produziert werden. Der Beitrag schliesst mit der Frage danach, inwiefern das Auslagern der Prüfung an digitale Tools mit einem Verantwortungsverlust der pädagogisch Handelnden verbunden ist.
Das Ende der Prüfung als Anfang des ‹Data Realism›?
Authors: Karcher Martin
Published: December 2021

Der Beitrag geht der Frage nach, wie sich die Form und Funktion der Prüfung vor dem Hintergrund der Digitalisierung verändert. Von besonderem Interesse sind dabei die veränderte Wissensproduktion im pädagogischen Feld und deren Folgen für die pädagogische Theoriearchitektur. Die Digitalisierung führt – so die Argumentation – zu einem strukturellen Wandel in jenen (prüfenden) Verfahren, die vormals Wissen oder Fähigkeiten von Schülern und Schülerinnen erfassen sollten. Die leitende Annahme ist dabei, dass die Digitalisierung zu einer Veränderung im epistemischen Zugriff auf das Pädagogische führt – was mit weitreichenden (Neben-)Folgen einhergeht. Im Mittelpunkt steht daher die Problematisierung einer neuen Form der digitalen Wissens-, Wahrheits- und Wirklichkeitsproduktion im Kontext von Big Data. Dafür wird einleitend eine Heuristik der Prüfung im Anschluss an Foucault vorgelegt, die dann mit Überlegungen zur sogenannten Dataveillance angereichert wird. Anschliessend wird das Konzept des digitalen Wahrheits-Regimes vorgestellt, welches die Grundlage für eine Problematisierung dieses neuen epistemologischen Zugriffs bildet. Der Artikel versteht sich als Beitrag zur «theorieorientierten Forschung» (Bellmann 2011, 200), es werden abschliessend Aufgaben für die Allgemeine Pädagogik ausgewiesen.
The switch to remote instruction in Spanish heritage language courses: Why social presence matters
Authors: Amezcua Angélica , Brandl Anel , Durán Urrea Evelyn , Rodríguez Estrella
Published: December 2021

The pandemic amplified the educational disparities that Latinx students face in virtual courses. This research project describes Spanish Heritage Language (SHL) learners’ experiences with remote instruction, and it proposes using the Community of Inquiry Model (Garrison et al., 2000) and modified versions of the Theory of Social Presence (Fayram, 2017; Hauck & Warnecke, 2012; Strong et al., 2012; Whiteside, 2015) as guiding frameworks to obtain information about social presence (SP) aspects in the online classroom. A total of 126 SHL learners took a validated online survey to evaluate the challenges of switching to a remote modality of instruction. This research emphasizes the need to design effective online courses that foster SP as a key element to diminish feelings of isolation and encourage active participation in the classroom. We propose that teaching presence is an important component of social presence in online SHL courses, and we offer pedagogical implications for practitioners.
Review: Trentin, G. (2020). Didattica con e nella rete. Dall’emergenza all’uso ordinario. Franco Angeli.
Authors: Ornaghi Valentina
Published: December 2021

Didattica con e nella rete. Dall’emergenza all’uso ordinario (Teaching in and within the web. From the emergency to everyday use) examines the opportunities that online resources can offer to teaching and learning, as well as to teachers’ training. After showing how online resources can enhance students’ interaction and collaborative learning, the book illustrates how to plan and design online teaching activities, how to carry out assessment, and how teachers can use online resources for professional growth. Eventhough it does not focus on language teaching in particular, the book contains some useful insights that can be applied to language courses, especially with respect to enhancing interaction. It is recommended for teachers approaching fully online teaching for the first time or for teachers willing to incorporate online methods into their classrooms.
Entanglement dynamics in Rule 54: Exact results and quasiparticle picture
Authors: Klobas Katja , Bertini Bruno
Published: December 2021

We study the entanglement dynamics generated by quantum quenches in
the quantum cellular automaton Rule 54. We consider the evolution from a
recently introduced class of solvable initial states. States in this
class relax (locally) to a one-parameter family of Gibbs states and the
thermalisation dynamics of local observables can be characterised
exactly by means of an evolution in space. Here we show that the latter
approach also gives access to the entanglement dynamics and derive exact
formulas describing the asymptotic linear growth of all Rényi entropies
in the thermodynamic limit and their eventual saturation for finite
subsystems. While in the case of von Neumann entropy we recover exactly
the predictions of the quasiparticle picture, we find no physically
meaningful quasiparticle description for other Rényi entropies. Our
results apply to both homogeneous and inhomogeneous quenches.
Comparative analysis of the constitutional status of indigenous peoples of Brazil, Canada and India
Authors: Zinchenko Olena
Published: December 2021

A comparative analysis of the legal status of indigenous peoples, tribes and castes of Brazil, India and Canada was carried out on the basis of a study of the Constitutions and Constitutional Acts, Conventions for the Protection of the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, the activities of National Commissions for the protection of these categories. Conclusions are made about the presence of similarities and differences in the formation of the constitutional status of the studied ethnic groups and the attitude of the colonialists towards them.
The historical aspect of the systematization of criminalistic knowledge in the countries of the world
Authors: Yaremchuk V. O.
Published: December 2021

The article is devoted to the history of formation of criminalistics knowledge in different countries of the world. Some issues of the history of systematization of forensic knowledge have been studied by such scientists as R. S. Belkin, M. V. Danshin, V. A. Zhuravel, V. P. Kolmakov, V. O. Konovalova, V. V. Yusupov, V. Yu. Shepitko and al. However, the works do not reveal the historical aspect of systematization and formation of the system of  criminalistics knowledge.The purpose of the article is to consider issues related to the history of systematization of criminalistics knowledgeAttention is drawn to the differences in the understanding of different scholars of the system of criminalistics knowledge in different historical periods. The process of systematization of criminalistics knowledge in different countries of the world is analyzed. Issues related to the formation of a system of criminalistics knowledge are outlined.The history of systematization of criminalistics knowledge covers several stages. Scientific works are characterized, which contain a certain system of criminalistics knowledge proposed by various authors. Yes, one of the first to summarize and classify criminalistics knowledge was Hans Gross. Also in different countries of the world, scientists have proposed their vision of the system of criminalistics knowledge. In particular, in the works of Uils William, A. Chebyshev-Dmitriev, RA Reissa, S.M. Tregubov, E. Locar, etc., as well as in many legislative acts of France, England, Scotland, North America contain criminalistics recommendations for the investigation of crimes
System approach in criminal law: achievements and prospects of application
Authors: Obolentsev V. F.
Published: December 2021

The solution of fundamental problems of criminal-law regulation should be carried out taking into account doctrinal scientific developments and the latest achievements of scientific and technological progress. In this sense, using of a system approach is expanded, which has now received significant instrumental support in the format of information technology and software.
A system approach is a methodological direction of scientific knowledge of system objects by means of system engineering, which is implemented in two main areas – in the field of methodology and theory, and in the field of specific applications.
The aim of the paper is a comprehensive description of using of system approach in domestic criminal law. The task is to outline the prospects of applying a system approach in domestic criminal law, taking into account the latest technologies of systems engineering.
Criminal law in its essence can be understood as a system of information (knowledge) that outlines the criminal offenses’ types and criminal law measures of state reaction to them. As a systemic object, this phenomenon is characterized by several circumstances.

System components of criminal law. First of all, the authors are talking about the systemic nature of a crime, according to which the system of criminal law regulation is oriented. The systems are also criminal law provisions. Their structural elements-subsystems are hypothesis, disposition and sanction
The system of criminal law has its own structure. The initial elements of its structure are criminal law. This also includes atypical regulations: criminal law constructions, legal presumptions and fictions. According to the degree of generalization, legal norms and atypical normative prescriptions are united into legal institutions. The systemic structure of the studied system object is manifested in the multiplicity of relations between them.
System connections of criminal law. In the system of criminal law, informational connections are realized.
Functioning of criminal law system in the system environment. Through the mechanisms of rule-making, information from protected social relations is introduced into it from the outside, and through the mechanisms of law enforcement, it affects its environment.

According to the system approach, a model of the crime system and the system of the Criminal Code of Ukraine is proposed, developed on the basis of IDEF0 notation
Legal regulation of introduction in Ukraine
Authors: Tulina E. Ye.
Published: December 2021

The article considers the peculiarities of the legal regulation of introduction. The basis for research in this area is that among the anthropogenic factors that negatively affect the structural elements of the ecological network, biological and landscape diversity in general, at the present stage should be noted scientifically unsubstantiated introduction of individual flora and fauna. That is why the legal regulation of these relations and the consolidation of both a clear terminological apparatus and a proper legal mechanism for their implementation, which will allow the national legislation to regulate the introduction of all kinds, is becoming relevant.
This article outlines the provisions of national and international legislation in this area, as well as the meaning of the terms "introduced species" and "invasive species" and their relationship in terms of law. The legal classification of introduction is given, its value for legal standardization of ecological relations is revealed. The author substantiates the need to develop a single categorical-conceptual apparatus for regulating relations in the field of implementation of all natural objects. This work becomes especially relevant given that today among scientists there is no single approach to the relationship we are considering, moreover, there is no independent research in this area.
It is established that relations in the field of introduction occupy a special place in environmental legislation, as they can be considered in the context of the use and reproduction of natural resources, as well as the protection of biological diversity and the environment as a whole. Equally important, the legal regulation of the introduction depends not only on the introduced objects, but also on the purpose and method of introduction (for example, to regulate the number of objects of fauna, flora, aquaculture or introduction to reproduce forests, etc.).
Ekonomichna bezpeka Ukrainy yak peredumova zabezpechennia yii suverenitetu
Authors: Yakoviyk I. V. , Turenko A. Yu.
Published: December 2021

Economic security is an integral part of national security. As history shows, a strong economy is a prerequisite for the power of the state, its place and role in the world community. From the second half of the twentieth century economic development issues have become an integral part of the national security ideas of both the scientific community and the governments of most countries. While in some countries the emphasis is primarily on the economic power and economic sovereignty of the state, in others – on the issues related to «energy», «technological», «food» security or protection of the state from global and regional economic cataclysms, or the danger of «economic espionage».  
Economic security is the foundation of national security and at the same time it is closely interconnected with its other components. Also it is the basis for ensuring its subspecies such as military, political, environmental, information and others. 
The need to ensure economic security at the macro level is growing in connection with the development of globalization and integration processes in the second half of the twentieth century. Globalization and economic integration, on the one hand, threaten economic sovereignty and, on the other, create new opportunities for economic growth. In the context of economic globalization and regional integration, it is extremely important to reveal the essence of ensuring the economic security of the state. To achieve the goal of studying the economic security of the modern state, it is necessary to consider theoretical and methodological approaches to ensuring economic security.
The role of the advocate in the ensuring the unity of the judicial practice in civil cases
Authors: Popov O. I.
Published: December 2021

The presented work highlights the possible ways of the advocate's influence on the implementation by the Supreme Court of the function of ensuring the unity of judicial practice in civil cases. Without denying the status of the Supreme Court as a central institution in the field of forming unified approaches to law enforcement, attention is focused on the fact that the dynamics of procedural legislation in terms of regulating procedures for access to cassation in civil cases allows us to rethink the mission and content of the representative function of a lawyer at the appropriate stage of the civil process. Based on the analysis of the current edition of the Civil Procedure Code of Ukraine, it is argued that the ability of the advocate to be an active subject of influence on the formation of a unified law enforcement practice is most noticeably manifested when overcoming existing filters of access to cassation, in particular, when applying to the Supreme Court with a cassation appeal, which today demands from the advocate extended argumentation when proving the existence of grounds for cassation revision, with a thorough analysis of the established practice of the cassation court and, at times, giving reasons for the need to deviate from such practice and form new law enforcement approaches.
         Along with the above, among the individual methods of influence of the advocate on ensuring the unity of judicial practice, the filing of a petition for the suspension of proceedings on the basis of a review of a court decision in similar legal relations (in another case) by way of appeal by the chambers of the Supreme Court, as well as a petition to transfer the case for consideration The Grand Chamber of the Supreme Court in connection with the need to resolve an exceptional legal problem.
Legal protection of Germany's national interests in the field of environmental security: the evolution of approaches
Authors: Muravyova Svitlana
Published: December 2021

It is widely recognised that climate change is having malign effects on human life. Climate change is a global issue, but the political action necessary to address it is inevitably local and national as well as international. The security dilemma is one of the most important theoretical ideas in international relations. The content of security policy is evolving because "security" is a social structure, the content and structure of which is constantly changing depending on the transformation of existing and the emergence of new threats and challenges (climate change, destruction of the ozone layer, desertification, fresh water shortages, etc. - the list of current environmental problems in the XXI century is increasingly supplemented by new threats.
Scholars, policy-makers, and activists have proposed broadening use of the concept security beyond its traditional military focus to take into account environmental threats that seriously jeopardize human well-being. This paper explores how ecological and climate problems have fundamentally changed the way we think about security. The non-physical security, diversification of threats, and the salience of identity are key effects of globalization in the security realm. These security effects translate into certain behavioral tendencies in a Germany foreign policy that have thus far not been studied in the literature.
The claim that environmental factors should be integrated into the concept of security was first made in the early 1980s.  In the late twentieth - early twenty-first century the concept of security has been expanded and applied to address many of the most important issues of international relations theory and security policy. Environmental issues are not only to be treated as non-military threats to the security of societies, but can also work to promote cooperation and peace-building. In modern conditions, the ability of the state system to respond to environmental hazards is criticized, and therefore fundamentally different management structures are proposed as a replacement for it. Therefore, targeted climate protection policies at the international and regional levels, as well as at the national and local levels, are needed to effectively address environmental and climate threats and challenges.
Germany positions itself as a regional and world leader in the field of environmental protection and climate. The idea of ​​caring for the environment is gradually becoming an essential element of the value system, legal culture and national identity of German society and the state, which it not only promotes both in the European Communities / European Union and beyond, but also consistently protects. Within the framework of the EU environmental policy, there is room for independent national action by the German government. This guarantees Germany a free choice of national strategies in promoting environmental policy.
The scope of the margin of appreciation in the jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights
Authors: Trykhlib K. O.
Published: December 2021

The article analyzes the essence and features of the application of the doctrine of margin of appreciation in the jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights. It has been established that the margin of appreciation can be wide or narrow. The factors influencing the scope of the state’s margin of appreciation while effectively ensuring and protecting the rights guaranteed by the European Convention on Human Rights have been identified and examined. The core criteria and principles of law, which are applied and developed in its case-law by the European Court of Human Rights when granting a certain scope of discretionary powers, have been studied.
It is concluded that the key task of the European Court of Human Rights is to exercise effective review over the ensuring and protection of human rights and freedoms enshrined by the European Convention on Human Rights. When defining and granting the margin of appreciation, the European Court of Human Rights is guided by the principles of subsidiarity and proportionality. The scope of the state’s discretion always depends on the circumstances of each particular case, the type and specifics of the violated and/or limited right, its significance for the individual, the characteristics of competing interests, the background and context of the interference, the presence or absence of the European consensus on the issue at stake, the purpose of the interference, the degree of its intensity and the duration, the nature of restrictive measures and their results, as well as the proportionality of the restriction of human rights and freedoms.
Some questions of the history of the formation of the system of criminalistic knowledge
Authors: V. O. V. O.
Published: December 2021

The article discusses the problematic issues of the historical preconditions for the formation of the system of criminalistics knowledge. Analyzed the scientific works of scientists and practitioners of law enforcement agencies regarding the system of criminalistics knowledge and criminalistics science. The importance of taking into account the historical period regarding the formation of the structure and system of criminalistics knowledge is emphasized.
Systematization of criminalistics knowledge took place in several stages. Thus, one of the first to summarize and classify criminalistics knowledge was Hans Gross. Similarly, SM Tregubov and RA Reiss attempted to form a system of criminalistics knowledge in their scientific works. A. I. Vinberg and B. M. Shaver in their work argued for the need to distinguish in criminalistics science of the general and special part. In certain historical periods, different views were proposed on the formation of a system of criminalistics knowledge, which is associated with the historical development of society at that time, the state of scientific research on the detection, detection and investigation of criminal offenses. Depending on the historical stages, practitioners and scientists offered their own system of criminalistics knowledge and criminalistic science.
Judicial system and legal proceedings of the Hetmanate (second half of the 17th – first half of the 18th centuries)
Authors: Rumyantsev V. O. , Hotsuliak S. L.
Published: December 2021

The article identifies and characterizes the main stages of formation and transformation of the judicial system and the judiciary of the Hetmanate. The years of independence of the Ukrainian state are marked by rapid changes in the judicial system. The desire of national law to eliminate gaps, determines the interest in the legal past, namely, awareness of the need to reproduce an objective picture of the emergence and evolution of national justice to determine the main directions of its further development. In this regard, the analysis of the judicial system and the judicial process in the Ukrainian lands of the second half of the XVII – first half of the XVIII century. Is useful in some respects. First, an important factor is the appeal to the history of the Ukrainian judicial system, namely the period of the second half of the XVII – first half of the XVIII century, which was decisive for the formation of Ukrainian law as a prototype of European. Secondly, in recent decades there has been an accumulation of significant theoretical and scientific value, which requires a theoretical rethinking of many facts and phenomena.
The relevance of the study lies in the accumulation of a large amount of information to reproduce an objective picture of the provisions of the judiciary, which can significantly affect the evolution of the national judicial system and determine its further development.
The purpose of the article is to study the structures of the judicial system of the Hetmanate in the second half of the XVII – first half of the XVIII century., And highlight the main features of the judiciary.
Issues related to the organization of the judicial system and forms of justice in the Hetmanate in the second half of the XVII – first half of the XVIII century are considered and analyzed. The legal aspects of the organization and activity of various institutions of the judicial system, their jurisdiction and instance are also analyzed. The most significant provisions of the proceedings are highlighted: preliminary investigation, procedure for consideration of the case, evidence, court decisions, the procedure for their appeal and execution.
New Perspectives on Translation: Translating Odisha by Paul St-Pierre
Authors:   Senior Assistant Professor, Silicon Institute of Technology, Sambalpur, Thakur Tyagraj
Published: December 2021

Translating Odisha (2019) by Prof. Paul St-Pierre fetches a wide range of new perspectives on translation and the act of translating with specific reference to translations from and to Odia. Being a Professor of Linguistics and Translation Studies, and at the same time a prolific translator, St-Pierre produces a rare combination of theory and application. He invokes and applies translation theories even as he theorises the experience of translating. Through three decades of association with Odia literature and its historiography and through translations with collaborators, St-Pierre has become an authority on translation studies in Odisha. His recent book is mostly a compilation of the articles that he has published in different journals of international repute, papers that he has presented in conferences and seminars, and a few short occasional pieces.
“The cripple walked! The cripple talked!”: Contextualising Sign Language and Audism in Memoirs of Deafness
Authors:   Research Scholar, Department of English, Tezpur University, Assam, India, Saikia Bonjyotshna
Published: December 2021

The hegemony of speech has created notions of superiority among the hearing community propagating an audist attitude, which Tom Humphries defines as a form of discrimination towards the deaf in a hearing-dominant society. Deafness as a social phenomenon necessitates a reconsideration of the status of speech and sound. The huge chasm between the hearing and the deaf can be resolved only through the normalisation of every mode of communication. In a close reading of two memoirs of deafness: Henry Kisor’s What’s That Pig Outdoors? (1990) and Madan Vashishta’s Deaf in Delhi (2006), this article examines the similar experiences of the deaf from different linguistic, national and cultural backgrounds. Drawing theoretical insights from Leonard Davis, Neil Stephen Glickman, and Dirksen Bauman, among others, the article argues that these memoirs enable a non-essentialised perception of deafness and question the preconceived stance in relation to language. In so doing, the article also addresses the status of Sign Language as a means of communication in contemporary times.
Pepe Vives cuenta su vida
Authors: Vives de Andreis José Benito
Published: December 2021

Pepe Vives cuenta su vida es el relato sencillo y claro de la vida de Pepe Vives De Andréis, el samario que dedicó vida y esfuerzos a servir a su ciudad y a su departamento, y cuyas obras dan testimonio de su talante emprendedor y dinámico. El libro inicia describiendo su niñez y años de juventud, en una familia modesta que enfrentó dificultades financieras y cuyos miembros aportaban ayudando en las labores; su vida estudiantil, llena de anécdotas; y las alegrías de un hogar unido, que se reflejan claramente. El autor ilustra la época en que viajó a Estados Unidos y se empleó en el departamento de Exportaciones de una fábrica que lo mandó a viajar por Suramérica, con las vivencias propias de la época (año 1920) y su regreso a Santa Marta para hacerse cargo de la situación familiar. Describe algunas de las grandes obras que dejó —desde su proyección, su ejecución y puesta en marcha—, incluyendo los detalles de las finanzas de las mismas, su desempeño en el campo agrícola y privado, así como su impecable trayectoria como alcalde y gobernador, en donde, en tan solo en 1.085 días de mandato, generó obras de envergadura y bienestar para el antiguo Magdalena Grande y para Santa Marta, que dejó de ser una villa rural para pasar a ser urbana. Los ilustrativos y apasionantes relatos que hace de cada personaje, empezando por sus ancestros, sus padres, hermanos y familia, su novia, amigos y allegados, llevan al lector a conocer la esencia de cada uno de ellos. Pepe Vives cuenta su vida es, en sí, una obra que habla de emprendimiento, empuje y amor a la patria chica.
RESENHA - GEOMORFOLOGIA:AMBIENTE E PLANEJAMENTO
Authors: SOMBRA Daniel
Published: December 2021

Resenha - Geomorfologia, ambiente e planejamento
Faust/ina. In Radiance by Artur Pałyga
Authors: Kopciński Jacek
Published: December 2021

In his essay, author deals with the interpretation of a very original, new monodrama by Artur Pałyga, entitled In Radiance (2016), whose heroine is Maria Skłodowska-Curie. The author is interested in a poetic and performative dimension of Maria’s dozen monologues, which the author described as completely unknown letters’ of the scientist. These monologues reveal the process of Maria’s spiritual development from the moment Faust/ina of attaining maturity, until her death due to excessive irradiation. Author focuses on the aspects of Maria’s consciousness that Pałyga has brought forth from the myth of Faust, which comprises the foundation of the scientific world-view. In this monodrama, Skłodowska-Curie is the Polish Faust who is ready to break the moral rules and pay the price of her and others’ life for sheer possibility of revealing the mystery of the universe. Kopciński confronts this original literary image of a scientist with the history of her life and highlights the moments in her biography that can be read as the execution of the ‘Faustian arrangement’. At the end of his work, he compares the character of Skłodowska-Curie, who calls herself Faustina, with the figure of another extraordinary woman who has also adopted this name − Maria Faustina Kowalska. The comparison of the scientist and the mystic woman allows us to see many similarities in the characters of both, their way of life and their relationships with other people, but it also describes fundamental differences in the world-views they represent. Finally, two Faustinas are two different symbols. The figure of the scientist symbolises desire for the intellectual control of the world, which constantly changes like elements discovered by Maria Skłodowska. On the other hand, the figure of the mysticist symbolises desire for an inner union with loving God, which involves the sacrifice of one’s ‘self’ to gain the eternal life of the immortal soul.
Geodynamics and Neotectonics of the Cordillera Septentrional and Samaná Peninsula, Dominican Republic: implications for seismotectonics and seismic hazard assessment
Authors: Escuder Viruete Javier , Pérez Yésica , Suárez Rodríguez Ángela , García Senz Jesús , Betania Roque María , Calzadilla María
Published: December 2021

The Dominican Republic is exposed to a high seismic hazard due to its geodynamic location between two active margins of oblique convergence. New geodynamic, neotectonic and seismotectonic data of the Cordillera Septentrional and Samaná Peninsula, and also the onshore area of the northern microplate, have allowed the location of the main seismotectonic fault zones. Structural, stratigraphic and morphotectonic information obtained from the fault zones at several scales has allowed us to interpret their kinematics and consistency with the obtained regional stress tensor deduced from dynamic inverse methods. This information complemented by the record of historical seismicity, displacement velocity and seismic parameters of the fault zones has allowed us to evaluate the seismic hazard of the studied area.The method used for the evaluation of the seismic hazard is probabilistic and considers three types of seismic sources: the subduction zone, the main strike-slip fault zones and the areas located between them. This method allows us to calculate the iso-lines of peak ground acceleration (PGA) with a resolution of 0.05º for an exceedance probability of 10% (50 years) and a return period of 475 years. Resulting PGA bands are arranged sub-parallel to the North Hispaniola, Septentrional and Camú Fault Zones, as well as the main ONO-ESE-trending faults systems, detecting a maximum of PGA towards the SE of the modelled area. Consequently, the cities with the lowest seismic hazard are those located towards the NW of the maximum PGA zone.
Application of Gas Chromatography for the Analysis of Residual Solvents in Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems (TDS)
Authors: Shakleya Diaa , Mazumder Sonal , Pavurala Naresh , Mattson Sara , Faustino Patrick J.
Published: December 2021

Background:

Transdermal drug delivery systems (TDS) are widely used to deliver a
number of different drug therapeutics. The design delivery can be impacted by excipients and,
more broadly, organic solvents. Organic or residual solvents are routinely monitored due to
safety concerns. However, there is little information on the mechanical properties and delivery
performance of TDS.

Objective:

The objective of this study was to develop and validate an efficient GC-Headspace
method to determine the residual solvents (n-heptane, o-xylene, and ethyl acetate) in transdermal
patches. The analytical method was applied to monitor residual solvents in TDS and evaluate
the potential effect of the residual solvent levels on the TDS adhesion properties.

Methods:

An Agilent GC 7890A was integrated with an Agilent headspace analyzer 7697A system
and was used for method development, analytical method validation, and the testing phases
of the study. For the analysis of residual solvents in TDS, 2cm x 3cm, a TDS sample was placed
in a 20 mL Headspace vial containing 2 mL of a DMSO/water (1:1, v/v) solvent mixture, and an
external standard (cyclohexane) was extracted by the headspace analyzer. The system suitability
test was conducted according to USP <621>, and analytical method validation was conducted
according to USP <1225> over 3 days for validation and was also performed during in-study
sample analysis.

Results:

The resolution between the solvents was acceptable (2.5, %RSD = 8.0). Intra- and inter-
day accuracy and precision of all quality control standards as well as the spiked standards in
the transdermal patches were found to be acceptable with RSD% ≤ 10% and accuracy ≥ 85%,
respectively. Linearity was > 0.99 for all analytes.

Conclusion:

The validated GC-Headspace method was successfully applied to a pilot study for
in-house manufactured TDS patches to study the impact of residual solvent concentration on
adhesion performance.
Potential Natural Compounds for the Prevention and Treatment of Nonalcoholic
Fatty Liver Disease: A Review on Molecular Mechanisms
Authors: Ma Cheng , Wang Cheng , Zhang Yafang , Zhou Honglin , Li Yunxia
Published: December 2021

:

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a kind of metabolic stress-induced
liver injury closely related to insulin resistance and genetic susceptibility, and there is no specific
drug for its clinical treatment currently. In recent years, a large amount of literature has reported
that many natural compounds extracted from traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) can improve
NAFLD through various mechanisms. According to the latest reports, some emerging natural compounds
have shown great potential to improve NAFLD but are seldom used clinically due to the
lacking special research.

:

This paper aims to summarize the molecular mechanisms of the potential natural compounds
on improving NAFLD, thus providing a direction and basis for further research on the
pathogenesis of NAFLD and the development of effective drugs for the prevention and treatment
of NAFLD.

:

By searching various online databases, such as Web of Science, SciFinder, PubMed, and
CNKI, NAFLD and these natural compounds were used as the keywords for detailed literature retrieval.

:

The pathogenesis of NAFLD and the molecular mechanisms of the potential natural compounds
on improving NAFLD have been reviewed.

:

Many natural compounds from traditional Chinese medicine have a good prospect in
the treatment of NAFLD, which can serve as a direction for the development of anti-NAFLD drugs
in the future.
Advancement and development in computational chemistry for Colorectal Cancer diagnosis and treatment
Authors: Rawat Samridhi , Paliwal Deepika
Published: December 2021

:

Colorectal cancer is the third most common form of cancer in the world and is a significant cause of death from cancer. To get a cure for colorectal cancer, early diagnosis and screening are necessary, as well as a clear understanding of the molecular basis of the disease. Molecular characterization of mutations associated with cancer provides useful information on the prognosis and reaction to therapy. This review discusses the clinical, molecular, and pathogenic features of the early onset of colorectal cancer, its screening tests, and diagnosis. The recent advances and rapid growth of computational tools in colorectal cancer used for diagnosis as well as screening are outlined in this review, including artificial intelligence, computer aided diagnosis, molecular docking, machine learning, and deep learning. In recent developments, the application of artificial intelligence has proved its excellency and shown a promising result, pointing out the severe need for a multidisciplinary approach to achieve an excellent result.
Diagnostics of Polymer Composite Materials by Waveguide Method
Authors: Dmitrienko G.V.
Published: December 2021

Abstract. This article considers the use of radio wave method for testing polymer composites used as structural material for manufacture of aircrafts. Measuring process, analysis and calculation by integral equation method are described.
Investigation of the Physical and Mechanical Properties of ABS Plastic for the Additive FDM Process in the Manufacture of Models for Experiments in Wind Tunnels
Authors: Volkhonsky A.
Published: December 2021

Abstract. Work has been carried out to determine the physical and mechanical properties of ABS plastics for the manufacture of aerodynamic models using the additive technology of layer-by-layer synthesis FDM for testing in wind tunnels. The samples were tested at normal and negative temperatures. The features of the structure of the samples and the features of their destruction are revealed. The possibility of using ABS plastic for the manufacture of various models used in experiments in wind tunnels is evaluated.
About One of the Approaches for the Research of the Stress-Strain State of a Flange Connection with a Seal Made of an Alloy with Shape Memory
Authors: Boikov A.
Published: December 2021

Abstract. Design features of a flange connection with a seal made of an alloy with shape memory and the most commonly used methods of researching of the stress-strain state of such connections are estimated. Alternative approach for stress-strain state analysis is proposed, it is based on modeling of the contact zone of the sealing surfaces by means of an equivalent gap between the layers, the value of which changes during axial compression of the multilayer ring and goes into tension. Formulas for determining of contact stresses at the border of layers, which take into consideration the variable physical and mechanical properties of the materials of each layer are presented.