bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Porous-suspended graphite carbon doped TiO2 improves the band structure of photocatalysts to enhance photocatalytic degradation of tetracycline in water
Authors: Wang Zhaoran , Chen Hanyu , Zhao Kuaile , Zhang Baozhong , Zhang Kunfeng , Zhang Huikang , Hong Wanbin
Published: September 2024

In order to improve visible light utilization efficiency and enrich low-concentration antibiotics in water systems, a new type of floating TiO2 graphite carbon (FTDGC) photocatalyst was prepared by the one-pot method. These floating materials have good adsorption properties and sufficient mechanical strength, which makes them easy to recycle and reuse in processing. Its photocatalytic performance was evaluated by photocatalytic degradation of tetracycline (TC) in water. The results showed that FTDGC had a high adsorption degradation capacity for TC and the photocatalytic degradation process was accorded with a first-order kinetic equation. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy indicated the generation of Ti–C–Ti valence bonds and Ti–C–O bonds on the TiO2 surface with the modification of graphite carbon materials. Optimization of preparation conditions revealed that as the amount of activator phosphoric acid increased and the porosity of the solid surface increased, the external exposure of TiO2 made the effect of the composite catalyst more pronounced. The recycling experiment showed that FTDGC still had good degradation ability for TC after five times reuse. The catalysts developed in this research can provide a new idea and reference for the pretreatment of refractory organic wastewater, as well as for the reuse of medium water.
Immunogenicity and Neutralization Potential of Recombinant Chimeric Protein Comprising the Catalytic Region of Gp63 of Leishmania and LTB against Leishmania donovani
Authors: Krishnan Anuja , Malik Gunjan , Garg Lalit C.
Published: September 2024

Aim:

To study the inhibition potential of antibody against a recombinant chimera comprising
of the catalytic epitope of gp63 of Leishmania donovani and B subunit of heat-labile enterotoxin
(LTB) in the functional activity of L. donovani.

Background:

Visceral leishmaniasis, caused by the protozoan parasite Leishmania donavani, is a
major health problem and causes mortality in tropical regions. Protozoan proteases play a crucial
role in the pathogenesis of the disease and in establishing infection by countering the host's innate
immune responses, namely complement-mediated lysis and phagocytosis. A surface-bound metalloprotease
(gp63) has been reported to be a major virulence factor resulting in the evasion of complement-
mediated lysis, cleaving host extracellular and intracellular substrates, resulting in intra-
phagolysosomal survival.

Methods:

The epitope corresponding to the catalytic motif of gp63 of Leishmania donovani was
fused with the B subunit of heat-labile enterotoxin, which is known to be immunogenic. The
chimera was cloned to a prokaryotic expression vector and purified using Ni NTA affinity chromatography.
Antibodies were generated against the purified fusion protein and analyzed for its ability
to bind to the gp63 catalytic motif peptide by ELISA. The effect of fusion protein antibody on
the functional activity of gp63 was evaluated by assessing the effect of purified IgGs on the protease
activity and complement-mediated lysis of L. donovani promastigotes in vitro.

Results:

The present study reports that a recombinant chimera of the catalytic epitope of gp63 and
B subunit of heat-labile enterotoxin (LTB) of E. coli, a potent adjuvant of humoral response can
mount significant immune response towards the catalytic epitope. ELISA and Western blot analysis
showed that the anti-fusion protein antiserum could recognize the native gp63. Also, it significantly
inhibited the protease activity of promastigotes and subsequently increased complement-mediated
lysis of the promastigotes in vitro.

Conclusion:

It could be concluded that the hybrid protein containing catalytic motif L. donovani
gp63 protein and carrier protein (LTB) could elicit antibodies that could neutralise the functional
activity of gp63 and thus could be a potential candidate for subunit leishmaniasis vaccine.
Utility of the Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio for Predicting Mortality in
Pleural Empyema - A Retrospective Study
Authors: Dimitrov Evgeni , Valchev Daniel , Minkov Georgi , Enchev Emil , Yovtchev Yovcho
Published: September 2024

Purpose:

The prognostic qualities of the hematological biomarker neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) have not yet been evaluated in pleural empyema. Therefore, we aimed to
find if NLR can predict adverse outcome in such clinical setting.

Methods:

Retrospectively we studied 84 patients with pleural empyema who were operated in
emergency setting in a clinic of thoracic surgery of an academic hospital over a 34-month period
(01.2021- 10.2023). To assess the prognostic performance of NLR we used the area under the receiver operating characteristics (AUROC) curves.

Results:

Of a total of 84 patients, nine (10.7%) died. Using ROC Curve analysis we found that
NLR has an excellent prognostic ability and outperformed systemic immune inflammation index
(SII), platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR), quick- sequential organ failure (qSOFA) score and systemic inflammation response syndrome (SIRS) (AUROC = 0.904 vs 0.782 vs 0.749 vs 0.747 vs
0.676, respectively) in outcome prediction. An optimal threshold NLR > 9.88 x 109
/L for prognostication of death was identified with a sensitivity of 85.7% and a specificity of 83.6%.

Conclusion:

In pleural empyema the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio demonstrates excellent ability to predict the unfavorable outcome.
Pharmacological Evaluation of Bioisosterically Replaced and TriazoleTethered Derivatives for Anticancer Therapy
Authors: Kumar Dipesh , Salahuddin  , Mazumder Avijit , Kumar Rajnish , Ahsan Mohamed Jawed , Yar Mohammad Shahar , Abbussalam  , Tyagi Pankaj Kumar , Chaitanya MVNL
Published: September 2024

Cancer has been the cause of the highest number of deaths in the human population despite the development and advancement in treatment therapies. The toxicity, drug resistance, and
side effects of the current medicaments and therapies have left the void for more research and development. One of the possibilities to fill this void is by incorporating Triazole moieties within
existing anticancer pharmacophores to develop new hybrid drugs with less toxicity and more potency. The placement of nitrogen in the triazole ring has endowed its characterization of being integrated with anticancer pharmacophores via bioisosteric replacement, click chemistry and organocatalyzed approaches. This review paper emphasizes the discussions from articles published from
the early 2000s to the current 2020s about the triazole-based derivatives used in anticancer therapy,
elaborating more on their chemical structures, target receptors or enzymes, mechanism of action,
structure-activity relationships, different triazole-derived hybrid drugs under clinical and nonclinical trials, and recent advancements toward developing more potent and less toxic anticancer
agents.
A Review on Stroke’s Pathophysiology, Associated Risk Factors, and Management
Authors: Zade Manuja S. , Singh Sonia , Sutar Nikhil , Kaple Pallavi , Marathe Piyush D. , Shinde Pradnya S.
Published: September 2024

Background:

Stroke is a medical disorder defined by focal neurological deficits caused
by vascular impairment (hemorrhage or infarction) in the CNS (Central Nervous System). Currently
the second biggest cause of morbidity worldwide, strokes continue to be a deadly disease.

Objective:

This review aimed to elucidate the stroke’s pathophysiology, both changeable and
unchangeable risk factors associated with stroke, including prevention of stroke, its diagnosis, as
well as treatment.

Methods:

The articles were collected involving the research on stroke with the help of different
sources, like PubMed, Science Direct, and Google. Many manuscripts were collected and analyzed,
and the relevant ones were considered for the present manuscript.

Results:

A brain CT scan has been found to be the first step in the management of Cerebrovascular
Accident (CVA) in order to distinguish between ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke types. Beyond
stroke classification, imaging has been observed to serve as a powerful tool for ruling out alternative
diagnoses, predicting stroke outcomes, and facilitating appropriate treatment planning.

Conclusion:

Stroke is the second foremost cause of death as well as disability worldwide, leading
to substantial economic losses. Therefore, better treatment and improved management after stroke
are a global health priority. Modifying risk factors can decrease the chances of occurrence of
stroke. Also, correct diagnosis should be done to diagnose the presence of stroke and its type.
Proper treatment should be provided, like perfusion, glucose management, antiplatelet therapy, antihypertensive
therapy, stem cell therapy, neural response and rehabilitation, increased awareness,
lifestyle changes, stress management, etc. Exercise can also help positively to reduce the chances
of stroke.
Medicinal Plants in the Treatment of Tuberculosis: A Systematic Review
Authors: Agrawal Radha , Murti Yogesh , Mangla Mohit , Sandhuja Mohit , Sharma Anuj Kumar , Kumari Vibha , Kulshreshtha Mayank
Published: September 2024

Introduction:

Tuberculosis is the most common disease that affects the lungs, and it
is associated with Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Many synthetic medications, such as
pyrazinamide, isoniazid, and ethambutol, are available to treat TB; however, their adverse effects
are severe. Medicinal herbs have lately become popular, safe, and effective alternative
treatments for TB.

Method:

The purpose of this review was to assess the possible use of natural plants in the development
of herbal treatments and remedies for TB by studying the medicinal plants and phytochemicals
that have been used for the disease. Information was gathered from a variety of
sources, including Bentham, Elsevier, Springer, Nature, Google Scholar, PubMed, Sci-Finder,
and the Web of Science. For the investigation, common and scientific names of plants, as well
as terms like "mycobacterium tuberculosis," "herbal plants," "flavonoids," and "alkaloids" were
employed. In the end, 376 plants belonging to 83 families were discovered, and details about
each plant family, as well as the section of the plant utilized, chemical components, extract, and
strain, were extracted.

Result:

The findings showed that although flavonoids and alkaloids were the most prevalent
naturally occurring substances found in plants, the Fabiaceae family had a greater potential to
eradicate TB.

Conclusion:

The leaf portion was shown to be more active, and the S-37 RV strain of Mycobacterium
TB was employed more frequently.The leaf portion was shown to be more active, and the S-37 RV strain of Mycobacterium
TB was employed more frequently.
Apremilast Amorphous Solid Dispersions: Formulation Optimization using QbD and Comprehensive In vitro-In silico Assessment
Authors: Fanda Anuj K. , Jadhav Ajinkya , Naruka Pushpendra S , Rana Dhwani , Benival Derajram
Published: September 2024

Aim:

The study aims to develop a 3rd generation amorphous solid dispersion (ASD) of Apremilast (APST) employing the Design of Experiment (DoE) methodology, followed by a thorough assessment including in silico pharmacokinetics.

Background:

APST, classified as a BCS-Class IV molecule due to its low solubility and permea-bility, exhibits highly variable oral bioavailability across different species.

Objective:

In this study, a 3rd generation ASD of APST was developed using the DoE approach.

Methods:

The miscibility of APST within polymers was assessed using solubility parameters and Flory Huggin equations. Phase solubility studies were conducted to identify the most suitable polymer-surfactant combination for maximizing drug solubility. The produced solid dispersions were characterized using FTIR, DSC, XRD, DVS, and SEM.

Results:

The combination of APST and Soluplus® in a 1:5 ratio resulted in the highest improve-ment in solubility and dissolution, with vitamin E TGPS being identified as the most efficient sur-factant. Stability studies were carried out, and findings revealed that the ASD remained stable un-der accelerated conditions for up to 3 months, suggesting its suitability for scaling up for industri-al applications. In silico predictions of the pharmacokinetics of APST following oral administra-tion of solid dispersion formulations were determined by PBBM using GastroPlus™.

Conclusion:

The simulation of oral absorption profiles for APST showed a significant improve-ment in both Cmax and AUC for the solid dispersion formulations compared to plain drugs. This study makes a significant contribution to the field of pharmaceutical science by addressing the formulation complexities inherent in poorly water-soluble compounds like APST.
Natural Product Interventions in Peripheral Diabetic Neuropathy: A Multi-Target Approach
Authors: Rahaman Monosiz , Ghosh Sourav
Published: September 2024

Peripheral diabetic neuropathy (PDN) is a well-known impediment of diabetes mellitus.
That is one of the common kinds of neuropathy, categorized by reduced neuronal function in the
minor limbs including excruciating neurological pain. A medical examination is used to subclassify
asymmetric and symmetric neuropathy. Diabetes is associated with several pathways, one of which
is the activation of the polyol route, the production of oxidative stress, poly ADP-ribose polymerase,
the formation of advanced glycation outputs, and the pathways of hexosamine. Although there are a
few symptomatic and supportive treatments in use, like antiarrhythmics, tricyclic medications, aldose
reductase, opioid analgesics, protein kinase C inhibitors, and incretin the results are unimpressive. To
bridge this space, herbal product-based treatment can be a very successful replacement. This narrative
review tries to understand the research currently accessible on the function of different biological
entities in the treatment of PDN. These chemicals are essential for lowering aldose reductase
activity, oxidative-nitrosative stress, and neuronal death. They improve axonal regeneration, nerve
transmission velocity, as well as antioxidant molecules while controlling glucose and HbA1c%.
(Malondialdehyde, catalase, superoxide dismutase). They are renowned for their ability to reduce
heat and mechanical hyperalgesia as well as tactile allodynia. Thus, these substances need to have
their animal study and clinical efficiency assessed. Natural compounds may be auspicious participants
in the fight against PDN that provide a glimpse of optimism to those in need.
Steering through Regulatory Currents: The Journey of India’s Pharma Industry with the USFDA
Authors: Kamal Raj , Diksha  , Paul Priyanka , Awasthi Ankit
Published: September 2024

Introduction and Objective:

India's pharmaceutical industry faces challenges in meeting USFDA quality standards, impacting exports and reputation. This review examines the causes of non-compliance and proposes strategies to enhance compliance, predicting fu-ture trends.

Methods:

This study conducts an analysis of USFDA warning letters to Indian manufacturers, an assessment of non-compliance issues, and an exploration of technological advancements in compliance, such as automation and AI.

Results:

The study reveals a rise in non-compliance incidents, emphasizing the need for a ro-bust quality culture, updated regulatory knowledge, and implementation of advanced technol-ogies to improve compliance.

Conclusion:

To maintain global competitiveness, India's pharma industry must adopt compre-hensive strategies, leverage technology, and prepare proactively for regulatory changes. Future compliance will rely on remote auditing and real-time monitoring.
Labial Vascular Diseases
Authors: Murgia Martina Salvatorina , Orrù Germano , Casu Cinzia
Published: September 2024

Malformative lesions of vascular origin should be considered among the
neoplasms of the facial soft tissues. These comprise a very heterogeneous group that
can be classified into tumors and vascular malformations. Vascular malformations are
characterized by a structural defect of blood vessels that have a physiological turnover
of endothelial cells resulting from a malformation during development. They can, in
turn, be sporadic or associated with genetic mutations. They are classically divided into
low or high-flow vascular malformations. The former have no arterial component and
are classified according to their predominant endothelial cell type as capillary, venous,
lymphatic or combined. The latter has an arterial component and includes arterial
malformations, arteriovenous malformations, arteriovenous capillary malformations
and arteriovenous fistulas. Vascular tumors include benign and malignant neoplasms of
endothelial cellular origin. Among the most common vascular tumors, hemangioma
stands out. Pyogenic granuloma (lobular capillary hemangioma) is the most commonly
diagnosed subtype of benign endothelial neoplasia in the oral cavity. Furthermore, most
oral pyogenic granulomas are considered reactive rather than neoplastic proliferations.
Among the malignant ones, much rarer, Kaposi's sarcoma and angiosarcoma emerge.
Modern problems of minimization of extremist and terrorist manifestations in the youth environment
Authors:   Shikhtimer B. Magomedov Dagestan State University, Magomedov Shikhtimer B. , Abdulatipov Abdulatip M. ,   Abdulatip M. Abdulatipov Dagestan State University
Published: September 2024

В статье раскрываются современные детерминанты экстремистских и террористических угроз в молодёжной среде. Авторы делают попытку дать криминологическую оценку современным экстремистским и террористическим проявлениям в молодёжной и студенческой среде. На основании проведённого исследования и анализа статистических данных предлагаются конкретные меры по минимизации экстремистских и террористических проявлений в молодёжной среде.
Smartphones versus goggles for video-oculography: current status and future direction
Authors: Bastani Pouya Barahim , Badihian Shervin , Phillips Vidith , Rieiro Hector , Otero-Millan Jorge , Farrell Nathan , Parker Max , Newman-Toker David , Tehrani Ali Saber
Published: September 2024

Assessment of eye movements is the cornerstone of diagnosing vestibular disorders and differentiating central from peripheral causes of dizziness. Nonetheless, accurate assessment of eye movements is challenging, especially in the emergency department and primary care settings. To overcome this challenge, clinicians objectively measure eye movements using devices like video-oculography (VOG) goggles, which provide a video recording of the eye and quantified eye position traces. However, despite the value of VOG goggles in studying eye movements, barriers such as high prices and the need for dedicated operators have limited their use to subspecialty clinics. Recent advancements in the hardware and software of smartphones have positioned them as potential alternatives to VOG goggles that can reliably record and quantify eye movements. Although currently not as accurate as VOG goggles, smartphones can provide a cheap, widely available tool that can be used in various medical settings and even at home by patients. We review the current state and future directions of the devices that can be used for recording and quantifying eye movements.
Interest in the Use of Herbal Supplements to Close the Treatment Gap for Hazardous Alcohol Use Among Men Who Have Sex With Men: Secondary Analysis of a Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Hernandez Christopher , Rowe Christopher , Ikeda Janet , Arenander Justine , Santos Glenn-Milo
Published: September 2024

Background

Hazardous alcohol consumption is highly prevalent for men who have sex with men (MSM). The 4 treatments currently approved by the Food and Drug Administration for alcohol use are reaching an alarmingly low percentage of people who would benefit from a reduction in their alcohol use. There is increasing interest in alternative methods of treatment, such as herbal supplements, to address hazardous drinking. However, research on the acceptability of alternative pharmacotherapies among MSM remains limited.

Objective

We examined the prevalence and correlates of expressing interest in using herbal supplements for alcohol treatment among MSM with hazardous alcohol consumption.

Methods

We conducted a secondary data analysis from a cross-sectional study of MSM who use alcohol, conducted from March 2015 to July 2017 in San Francisco, California, to assess the overall prevalence of interest in using herbal supplements to help reduce alcohol consumption. Associations between expressing interest in herbal supplements and demographic, social, and clinical characteristics were examined using bivariate and multivariable logistic regression models.

Results

One-third (66/200, 33%) of the participants expressed interest in an herbal supplement for reducing alcohol consumption. In the multivariable analyses, weekly binge drinking (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 2.85, 95% CI 1.17-6.93), interest in abstaining from alcohol use (aOR 5.04, 95% CI 1.46-17.40), higher severity of alcohol dependence score (aOR 1.22, 95% CI 1.04-1.41), and interest in naltrexone (aOR 3.22, 95% CI 2.12-4.91) were independently associated with higher odds of being interested in using an herbal supplement to reduce alcohol consumption, adjusting for age, race or ethnicity, and education.

Conclusions

We found that MSM who have hazardous drinking habits, more severe alcohol dependence, and interest in pharmacotherapy were more likely to express interest in using an herbal supplement for reducing alcohol consumption. To our knowledge, this is the first study that has evaluated correlates of interest in herbal supplements for alcohol use among MSM. As researchers implement novel alcohol treatment studies, they should focus on recruitment efforts among MSM with a motivation to reduce their alcohol use patterns.
Effectiveness of using rituximab in membranous nephropathy: a clinical case
Authors: Zavalna I.M. , Lagodych Ye.K.
Published: September 2024

Membranous nephropathy is a glomerulopathy in which the primary target is the podocyte and damage to the glomerular basement membrane. The disease occurs more often in adults, mostly in people over 50 years old. The clinical manifestation is nephrotic syndrome, but in most cases, asymptomatic proteinuria may develop. In the mechanism of kidney damage, the deposition of immune complexes in the subepithelial space of the capillary loop of the glomerulus with subsequent activation of the complement system is important. Over the past twenty years, great progress has been made in the identification of potential target antigens, the main of which is the M-type phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R) protein with circulating anti-PLA2R antibody, which allows for assessment of the activity and prognosis of membranous nephropathy. This path of damage corresponds to approximately 70–80 % of cases of membranous nephropathy, which is characterized as primary.
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF LABETALOL AND NIFEDIPINE IN MANAGEMENT OF HYPERTENSIVE DISORDERS OF PREGNANCY
Authors: K. HARSHITHA , PALLAVI KOLAN
Published: September 2024

Objective: The purpose of the study was to evaluate and compare effectiveness and safety of nifedipine and labetalol monotherapy in patients with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy.
Methods: 100 antenatal patients were selected. Detailed obstetric history was taken and, clinical examination done and the blood pressure was checked and means arterial pressure was calculated as follows (SBP+2DBP)/3. Brachial artery blood pressure was checked with the patient in lateral recumbent position using calibrated mercury sphygmomanometer and appropriate cuff size. Korotkoff V was used to determine diastolic blood pressure. The blood pressure was monitored at 0, 6, 12, 24, 48, 72 h. The initial dosage of an antihypertensive drug and maximum dosage of the antihypertensive drug was observed.
Results: In the present study, it was noted that the change in mean arterial pressure from the time of admission to 72 h were noted in the two groups which received nifedipine (132.34 vs 96.74) and labetalol (132.07 vs 93.51). There was a significant fall in the mean arterial pressure at 6 h in nifedipine group which showed statistical difference. At 48 h and 72 h fall in MAP was noted in labetalol group, which is statistically significant. The study showed that there was a sudden fall in the mean arterial pressure in nifedipine group, but labetalol had smooth and persistent fall in mean arterial pressure. It was observed in the study that fetal outcome in terms of live births (96% vs 84%) was higher in labetalol group and need for NICU admission and preterm births (18% vs 10%) was more in nifedipine group.
Conclusion: The present study has shown that labetalol has got better and sustained control of hypertension in pregnancy.
EXPLORING THE THERAPEUTIC POTENTIAL OF CATHARANTHUS ROSEUS: UNVEILING ITS DIVERSE PHYTOCHEMICALS AND MECHANISMS OF ACTION FOR CHRONIC AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Authors: MALHOTRA MEENAKSHI , RANA HIMANI , TANDON SHUBHAM
Published: September 2024

Medicinal plants have long been recognized for their potential in traditional medicine, offering a rich repository of phytochemicals with diverse therapeutic properties. These natural remedies often present fewer side effects when compared to synthetic agents, making them an attractive alternative. Among these botanical treasures, Catharanthus roseus (commonly known as c. roseus) has garnered significant attention due to its wide array of phytochemicals boasting various biological activities, such as antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, antidiabetic, and anticancer properties. C. roseus, known colloquially as Vinca rosea, has a storied history of application in treating various ailments across numerous countries. Notably, it has contributed ground-breaking compounds to clinical medicine, with vinblastine and vincristine being the first therapeutics derived from this plant. Furthermore, compounds like vindoline, vindolidine, vindolicine, and vindolinine found in the leaves of C. roseus exhibit potent antidiabetic effects. The ongoing research in recent years has unearthed novel insights that reshape our understanding of the mechanisms underlying the therapeutic potential of Vinca rosea. This burgeoning knowledge amplifies the prospects of this plant as a valuable source of bioactive substances for a wide range of therapeutic applications.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY TO ANALYSE THE EFFECT OF EXERCISE VS STANDARD ANTENATAL CARE IN BACK PAIN DURING THE THIRD TRIMESTER IN PRIMIGRAVIDA FEMALES
Authors: PAMECHA SAPNA , SHARMA RAJRANI , KHAN JAFAR , BARYA SMITA
Published: September 2024

Objective: This study aims to compare the effect of exercises vs standard antenatal care in back pain during the third trimester in primigravida females.
Methods: The study comprises 60 primigravida females fulfilling the inclusion criteria. The sample was randomly divided into two groups, group A received a specialized exercise program under supervision, and group B received standard antenatal care. The pre-post VAS and Modified ODI were reported for comparison in both groups. Data were analyzed using mean, standard deviation, and t-test.
Results: The results showed that group a over-performed group B.
Conclusion: The study concluded that a specialized exercise program is far better than standard antenatal care in reducing back pain intensity during the third trimester in primigravida females. A supervised exercise program must be included during pregnancy to minimize discomfort and improve the overall functional quality of life.
ASSESSMENT OF KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND PRACTICES IN INFECTION PREVENTION CONTROL PRACTICES AMONG NURSES BEFORE AND AFTER TRAINING AT TERTIARY CARE CENTER, VISAKHAPATNAM
Authors: SUJATHA N. , BABU S. VENKANNA , SUBHASHINI B. SRIVANI VIJAYA
Published: September 2024

Objective: The healthcare-acquired infections are associated with increased morbidity, mortality and healthcare expenditures. Infection transmission can be reduced significantly by adhering to infection control guidelines. Among healthcare workers, nurses are at more risk of exposures to HAIs and can cause cross-infection in patients. Nurses if properly trained, can actively participate in hospital infection control as well as protection of patients, visitors and other staff members. This study aims to assess the Knowledge, Attitude and practices among nurses in infection control practices before and after training.
Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted at Government hospital to assess knowledge, attitude and practice of Nurses before training. And then, training, especially classes, have taken for nurses on various aspects of IPC practices for 7 d and at the end of 7 d post-test was conducted.
Results: The correct response of Nurses for Hand hygiene section before training is 62.2% and after training it was 96.6%. Regarding Respiratory hygiene the correct response before training was 58.4% and 94% after training. About transmission-based precautions the nurses were not much aware before (54% correct response) and after training 93.6% answered well. Regarding safe injection practices, the percentage was 66% and 96.8% and About Biomedical waste management 78.8% and 99.8% before and after training, respectively.
Conclusion: Training has an impact to increase the knowledge, attitude and practice in their routine working for nurses so that infections can reduce in the hospital settings.
A STUDY OF DIAGNOSTIC APPLICABILITY OF NS1 AND IGM ELISA IN DENGUE FEVER IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL, VISAKHAPATNAM
Authors: KAUSAR SHAIK TASLEEM , VANI THAMMINA MEHER SRI SAI SUDHA , KUMARI POOSAPATI RATNA
Published: September 2024

Objective: The present study aims at diagnostic applicability of NS1 antigen and IgM antibody detection in Dengue fever by ELISA method.
Methods: A prospective study for a period of one year from June 2023 to June 2024 was carried out on 13531 blood samples received from inpatients aged between 03 to 45 y admitted with a history of acute phase of fever>99.5°F, myalgia, arthralgia for more than 3 days duration. All the samples received were processed in Virology Research and Diagnostic Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Andhra Medical College, King George Hospital, Visakhapatnam. Blood samples received were centrifuged @3000 rpm for 10 min, serum seperated and those single sera samples were tested for both NS1 antigen and IgM antibody by ELISA methodology. Cutoff values were calculated according to kit insert instructions. Biochemical laboratory parameters and prognostic markers like platelet count was also taken into consideration in the study.
Results: Positivity in this study was 16.3% (2212 of 13531). OD reading more than cutoff value was interpreted as positive or reactive. Detection range varied from 100% by NS1 Ag and 88% by IgM Ab ELISA, thus inferring sensitivity and specificity of respective procedures.
Conclusion: Epidemic episodes of dengue fever are frequently reported during monsoon. Hence, combination of NS1 and IgM on single serum samples can improve the diagnostic accuracy during acute phase of dengue fever and help in initiation of therapy and epidemic control to reduce morbidity and mortality.
ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT OF COGNITION AND MOTOR IMPAIRMENT AFTER STROKE THROUGH EXPLORATORY DATA ANALYSIS AND FORMULATION OF A MODEL INCORPORATING CONVENTIONAL EXISTING AND NEWER NEURO-TECHNOLOGY TOOLS
Authors: KOUSER NAHID , LOHAR DEEPAK , KHAN JAFAR , VAJPAYEE ATULABH
Published: September 2024

Objective: Stroke is defines as a sudden neurological deficit caused by focal vascular lesion. Stroke is a potentially life-changing event that can have lasting physical and emotional effects. Cognition is a term that refers to the mental processes involved in acquiring information and understanding. These cognitive processes include thought, learning, recalling, evaluating, and solving problems. Stroke affects the cognitive domain, which includes attention, memory, language, and orientation. Motor impairment can affect both gross motor skills (involving larger muscle groups and movements) and fine motor skills (involving smaller, more precise movements); stroke affect motor impairment as well.
We intended to analyze patient data with their cognition and motor impairment and compared various neurotechnology tools to make a model to predict best therapeutic tools for specific subset of patient population based on their outcome up to 2 y.
Methods: After the approval of institutional ethical committee, ischemic stroke between 18-60 y of age group patients were selected for the study based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. We had created 2 groups in which we did advance plus conventional and conventional rehabilitation. The data was taken by using NIHS, MRS. The data was analyzed at the time of admission then 3rd month follow up then every 3 moly till 2 y of enrollment.
Results: conventional and newer technology tools were compared using the chi-square test for quantitative variables; there was a significant difference found in both the groups p-value was obtained by comparing both the groups [conventional rehabilitation and conventional plus advanced rehabilitation] after 3 mo, according to the NIHS scale the p-value was 0.297 which is non-significant, according to the MRS there was highly significant value which was 0.0004.
Conclusion: In this study both treatment groups obtained successful outcomes as measured by NIHS, MRS. There was a significantly difference found between the two groups at these scales. The result of this study showed that newer technology tools can decrease cognitive impairment after stroke, there was also observed that newer technology tools give faster recovery as compared to the conventional rehabilitation alone.
Быть нужными – самая большая ценность
Authors: Каменщиков А.Е.
Published: September 2024

ООО «НКЦ «ЛАБТЕСТ» на протяжении многих лет успешной деятельности
интегрирует опыт и технические решения ведущих мировых производителей
оборудования, которое используется в самых разных отраслях науки и производства.
Об основных направлениях, в которых трудятся специалисты компании,
об изменившихся в последние годы условиях их работы, а также о планах
коллектива на ближайшую перспективу журналу «АНАЛИТИКА» рассказал директор
НКЦ «ЛАБТЕСТ» Александр Евгеньевич Каменщиков.
Микро- и нанопластик. Абрис проблемы
Authors: Мильман Б.Л. , Журкович И.К.
Published: September 2024

Эта публикация – краткий обзор проблем, связанных с микро- (МП) и нанопластиком (НП) – мелкими полимерными частицами, загрязняющими окружающую среду и представляющими угрозу экосистемам и здоровью человека. Рассмотрены характеристики МП и НП, источники их попадания в окружающую среду, воздействие на живые организмы. Выделены различные области изучения МП и НП. При обилии проведенных работ наблюдается их некоторая фрагментарность, отсутствует единое и цельное понимание угроз здоровью человека.
Los mayas de la Atlántida. Una lectura crítica de las ideas de Robert Stacy-Judd y Manuel Amábilis
Authors: Efthymiou Alkisti , Concheiro San Vicente Luciano
Published: September 2024

Este libro examina las ideas estéticas y teóricas de los arquitectos Robert Stacy-Judd (1884-1975) y Manuel Amábilis (1889-1966), ambos influidos por la noción de que los antiguos mayas eran, en realidad, atlantes. Aunque no se estudian directamente sus edificios en estilo neomaya, la investigación sigue las teorías que ambos desarrollaron, destacando cómo reinterpretaron la cultura maya bajo el prisma de la Atlántida, un mito griego antiguo. Sus autores tomaron como propósito analizar cómo la ficción de la Atlántida, surgida en el siglo IV a. C. en la Antigua Grecia, fue utilizada en el siglo XX para explicar la cultura maya en México y Centroamérica. El libro argumenta que tanto Stacy-Judd como Amábilis utilizaron esta concepción atlante como un medio para reivindicar la cultura maya, pero a la vez negaron su singularidad histórica al situarla en un ámbito occidentalizado y blanqueado. A pesar de ser contemporáneos, no hay evidencia de que Stacy-Judd y Amábilis se conocieran o se influyeran mutuamente. Sin embargo, sus ideas presentan paralelismos notables: ambos creían que los mayas habían llegado a Yucatán desde la Atlántida y desarrollaron teorías estéticas basadas en el revivalismo maya. Mientras Stacy-Judd promovía un “arte indigenista” para los Estados Unidos con una perspectiva panamericanista, Amábilis abogaba por un arte nacionalista mexicano en el contexto de una revolución social.
Rising Threat of AI-Driven Cybersecurity Attacks: Implications for National Security
Authors: Karthikeyan Swathi Priya
Published: September 2024

This article examines the growing threat of AI-driven cybersecurity attacks and their implications for national security. It explores three critical case studies: the SolarWinds hack, which demonstrated AI-enhanced data exfiltration; DeepLocker, an AI-powered malware concept showcasing precision targeting capabilities; and AI-enhanced disinformation campaigns. These examples illustrate how artificial intelligence is weaponized in cyberspace, presenting unprecedented challenges to national security. The article analyzes the key features, potential impacts, and lessons learned from each case, highlighting the urgent need for adaptive defense strategies, international cooperation, and ethical AI development practices to safeguard national interests in the digital age.
User Trust and Acceptance of Blockchain-based Web 4.0 Solutions
Authors: Vishwakarma Vinayak
Published: September 2024

Blockchain technology can be considered as a disruptive power, which can eventually affect many industries and lead to the rise of Web 4.0. The only question here is to find out one of the ways users can trust and accept blockchain-based solutions so as to explore this potential in its entirety during the digital age. The synthesis of insights from the relevant literature and empirical studies in this section seeks to scrutinize the research gap concerning user trust and acceptance of blockchainbased Web 4.0 solutions. The study investigates drivers of adoption in blockchain, consequences for user trust, and challenges connected with the adoption of blockchain technologies in a Web 4.0 setting. This paper will provide important insight into user perceptions, attitudes, and behaviors toward the adoption and use of blockchain solutions through the presentation of key empirical evidence in the era of Web 4.0.
Spiritual verses in handwritten memorial notebooks (tradition of the Russian-Komi-Permyak borderland)
Authors:   Institute of Slavic Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Korolyova S. Yu. , Tikhonova M. A.
Published: September 2024

Folk religious poetry is quite often included in the sphere of funeral and memorial rites. Singers of spiritual verses often write them down in special “memorial” notebooks, which they use during performances. There is a controversial issue that has not yet been resolved. Do written collections existing in different territories display such a noticeable originality that would allow us to assert the presence of special local or regional manuscript traditions? In this article, the author characterizes memorial notebooks that arose in the Middle Urals, in the zone of active Russian-KomiPermyak contacts, where Russian-Yurlinians and Kochev KomiPermyaks live. A collection of 29 manuscripts serves as our material, of which 5 are analyzed in detail. The specificity of memorial notebooks is manifested in a typical set of spiritual poems, accompanying genres, choice of titles, acceptable forms of writing (with or without division into poetic lines), etc. Most of these handwritten notebooks include not only spiritual verses, but also prayers, essentially becoming “vernacular prayer books”. Typical poem titles include a mention of genre; indicate a place in the ritual; name the main characters; repeat the first line or its keyword. In Komi-Permyak notebooks, more often than in Russian ones, the traditional set of poems is expanded by including new verses. The “horizontal” organization of the text here becomes one of two conventional ways of writing spiritual verses. Elements of the written form acquire additional content, they become conventional and are reproduced within the community.
The playing field of the text in the artpractice of the “last avant-garde artist”, Sergei Maslov
Authors:   Kazakh Ablai Khan University of International Relations and World Languages, Gizdatov G. G.
Published: September 2024

The article examines the forms and functions of the text in the artistic practice of S. N. Maslov (1952–2002), a representative of contemporary art in Kazakhstan. Based on the material of the artistic avant-garde in Kazakhstan, text-centricity and literature-centricity as universal properties of late Soviet and post-Soviet visual culture are analyzed for the first time. The texts created by the Kazakhstani author in various modifications of contemporary art were chronologically different: they appeared before, during and after the creation of the visual image. The features identified in the article include the creation by this post-avant-garde author not so much of a work-result, but more of a work-process, with the author’s obligatory manipulation of the text in space and time, when artistic practice turns into a multilayered game in front of the audience (readers). The article presents how Sergei Maslov managed to capture and convey through the text, woven by him into the plot of his artistic actions, the main issues in the specifics of post-Soviet existence and daily life, and then to transform them into the aesthetics of absurdity. One of these ways, as shown in the article, was the use of the aesthetics of mass media forms of the text: traditional writing, bureaucratic instructions and the horoscope, as well as the form of a multimedia novel. The art practice of S. N. Maslov reflected his characteristic literary centrism with the simultaneous access of this artist and performer to the features of the modern digital artistic environment.
“Sirin is not inferior to Leonov”: Burrows’s Delta for stylometric analysis of Russian novels of the interwar period
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Dvinyatin F. N. , Kovalev B. V.
Published: September 2024

The article analyzes the stylistic features of Nabokov’s Russian-language novels in the context of Russian interwar prose. The main method is Burrows’s Delta — one of the most reliable stylometric tools that allows comparing texts with each other based on the distribution of the most frequent function words. In addition, SVM and KNN methods are also used to classify texts. The study has two objectives: 1) to carry out a primary clustering of the styles of leading Russian prose writers of a certain era, and also, through the use of modern algorithms, to determine the place among them of the style of Nabokov (Sirin); 2) to test these algorithms for their ability to informatively and adequately solve the tasks of stylistic distribution and for the consistency of the results. It turns out that stylistically close to Nabokov’s novels are the texts of Leonov, Gazdanov and Grin. A particularly clear similarity is found between Nabokov’s late novels, Leonov’s Skutarevsky and Gazdanov’s An Evening with Claire. Nabokov’s eight Russian-language novels are divided into two groups. The first consists of Mashenka, The Defense, King, Queen, Knave, Glory, Laughter in the Dark. The second is made up of the novels of the 1930s: Despair, Invitation to a Beheading, The Gift.
Deus ex nomine: Once more on the language myth and naïve religion
Authors:   Ural Federal University named after the First President of Russia B. B. Yeltsin, Berezovich E. L. , Surikova O. D.
Published: September 2024

This article draws upon the material of Russian cultural and linguistic tradition and analyses one particular phenomenon. In this phenomenon, a mythological character never existed in the folk belief system, but rather was generated by a linguistic sign or a text fragment. By their nature, the names of the characters studied in this paper derive from two types of verbal signs: 1) character names formed from regular lexical units — common nouns (роди́мчик, rodímchik ‘a seizure accompanied by convulsions and loss of consciousness’ > a character named Ро́дька, Ród’ka) or proper nouns (the forest Хéмерово, Khémerovo in the Arkhangelsk region > the forest spirit Хéмеровский, Khémerovskii); 2) character names that have a textual nature. The latter are constructions, or syntagms, that exist as an interconnected whole only within their “parent” text and then “migrate” outside it (Лель (Lel’), И́лия (Íliia) < song refrains алё-ле, ай люли (alio-le, ai liuli)). For a new character to appear, two stimuli are required: a linguistic stimulus proper (the existence of a name that “seeks” a content plane) and a cultural stimulus (a semiotically intense context: a situation associated with danger, prohibition, omen, aggression, magical practices). These stimuli are often combined, so the mythological nominative fund is almost guaranteed to renew constantly. The authors demonstrate that when “armchair” mythologists create characters based on linguistic stimuli, the same mechanisms are at work as those that function in “simple” folk tradition.
Penerapan Algoritma Machine Learning Untuk Penjurusan Siswa Baru Sekolah Menengah Kejurusan Berdasarkan Nilai Raport dan Psikotest
Authors: Maulana Gian , Afiyati Afiyati
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi keefektivan sistem penjurusan siswa di Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan (SMK) dengan menggunakan empat algoritma machine learning, yaitu K-Nearest Neighbor, Naive Bayes, Support Vector Machine, dan Random Forest. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa algoritma Random Forest memiliki akurasi terbesar dibandingkan algoritma lainnya. Saat ini, proses penjurusan siswa di SMK tempat penelitian ini dilakukan, masih diprosessecara manual melalui perhitungan nilai raport, nilai tes mandiri, dan nilai psikotes. Proses penjuruan secara manual tersebut memakan waktu yang cukup lama. Implementasi algoritma Random Forest dapat menjadi solusi untuk mempercepat proses penjurusan siswa di SMK tersebut. Algoritma Random Forest memiliki akurasi terbaik di antara algoritma lain, yaitu 37% hampir mencapai 38%.
Lev Myshkin and Sonya Marmeladova in a Post-Apocalyptic World. Vyacheslav Butusov’s Fantasies on Dostoevsky
Authors:   State Institute for Art Studies, Saraskina Liudmila I.
Published: September 2024

The paper analyzes the artistic impact of Dostoevsky’s novel The Idiot on Vyacheslav Butusov, Vladimir Ponomaryov, and Konstantin Komardin, the creators of an animated music video. The soundtrack for the video is The Idiot, a musical composition by musician and poet Vyacheslav Butusov. The song explores a symbolic night for humanity, populated by weak and destitute individuals who have lost their footing and forgotten the meaning of life. The video (2020) is richer in characters, events, and content than the song (2019). The world depicted in the animation is terrifying, with extraordinary actions and an overwhelming visual sequence. It portrays a world under attack by forces of evil and overrun by cyborg killers, not just in an apocalyptic Saint Petersburg but across the entire planet. The video employs a wellknown narrative motif: a conflict between an author and one of their characters within a work of art. Often, if a character’s fate is secure and fortunate, readers lose interest. Understanding the narrative’s need for engagement, the writer complicates the plot, intensifies the drama, and subjects the character to extreme cruelty. Upon realizing the author’s radical intentions, the character decides to take control of their own destiny. This rebellion may even lead to an attempt on the author’s life. The animated clip illustrates such an incident, where Prince Myshkin, a fictional character, revolts against his creator, the writer Dostoevsky.