bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hexacoordinated Gallium(III) Triazenide Precursor for Epitaxial Gallium Nitride by Atomic Layer Deposition
Authors: Rouf Polla , Samii Rouzbeh , Rönnby Karl , Bakhit Babak , Buttera Sydney , Martinovic Ivan , Ojamäe Lars , Hsu Chih-Wei , Palisaitis Justinas , Kessler Vadim , Pedersen Henrik , O'Brien Nathan
Published: November 2020

Gallium nitride (GaN) is the main component of modern-day high electron mobility transistor electronic devices due to its favorable electronic properties. As electronic devices become smaller with more complex architecture, the ability to deposit high-quality GaN films at low temperature is required. Herein, we report a new highly volatile Ga(III) triazenide precursor and demonstrate its ability to deposit high-quality epitaxial GaN by atomic layer deposition (ALD). This new Ga(III) triazenide precursor, the first hexacoordinated M–N bonded Ga(III) precursor used in a vapor deposition process, was easily synthesized and purified by sublimation. Thermogravimetric analysis showed single step volatilization with an onset temperature of 150 °C and negligible residual mass. Three temperature intervals with self-limiting growth were observed when depositing GaN films. In the second growth interval, the films were found to be near stoichiometric with very low levels of impurities and epitaxial orientation on 4H-SiC without an AlN seed layer. The films grown at 350 °C were found to be smooth with a sharp interface between the substrate and film. The bandgap of these films was 3.41 eV with the Fermi level at 1.90 eV, showing that the GaN films were unintentionally n-type doped. This new triazenide precursor enables ALD of GaN for semiconductor applications and provides a new Ga(III) precursor for future deposition processes.
A Facile Modular Addition Approach to Size Control in the Synthesis of Oxo Bridged Phosphazane Macrocycles
Authors: Shi Xiaoyan , leon felix , Ganguly Rakesh , diaz jesus , Garcia Felipe
Published: November 2020

Inorganic macrocycles remain largely underdeveloped compared with their organic counterparts due to the challenges involved in their synthesis. Among them, cyclodiphosphazane macrocycles have shown to be promising candidates for supramolecular chemistry applications. However, further developments have been handicapped by the lack of synthetic routes to high-order cyclodiphosphazane macrocycles. Here we report the synthesis of high-order oxygen-bridged phosphazane macrocycles via a “3+n” (n= 1 and 3) condensation reaction synthetic strategy using novel trimeric building blocks. Using this method, the first-ever all-PIII high-order hexameric cyclodiphosphazane macrocycle was isolated, displaying a larger macrocyclic cavity than comparable organic crown-ether counterparts. Our approach demonstrates that increasing building block complexity enables unprecedented rational control over macrocycle size.
We’re online......New Zealand senior secondary school students’ experience of learning online during the first Covid-19 closure of schools.
Authors: Starkey Anne , Yates Anne , Egerton Benjamin , Flueggen Florian
Published: November 2020

No description supplied
'Patterns and causes of marsupial paths in subalpine Tasmania
Authors: Nichols EC , Kirkpatrick JB
Published: November 2020

Animal paths can improve connectivity of species, alter vegetation growth, reduce fuel loads and further our knowledge of the behavioural ecology of mammals. Path patterning and the motivations for path creation are not well understood. The present study tested the hypotheses that animals form paths: (i) to efficiently move between palatable patches; (ii) for access to water; (iii) for access to shelter and (iv) to avoid predators. We used high-definition aerial online imagery to map paths in five treeless subalpine environments in Tasmania. Surveys of vegetation and scat counts were conducted at each site. We found that locality influenced wallaby scat density and that macropods and wombats created direct paths to move between areas of palatable vegetation, shelter and water. There was some weak indication of predator avoidance in some of the patterning. However, shelter from cold, strong southwesterly winds is a feasible alternative motivation for the patterns.
NUTRICIÓN Y CALIDAD DE VIDA
Authors: Holguin Cedeño Ilma Verónica , Ochoa Palma Marcia Idilma , Mendoza Macías Lucia del Roció , Villavicencio Yanos Jorge Arturo
Published: November 2020

Todo ser vivo, destacando el hombre, necesita alimentarse para subsistir. Éste ha ido adquiriendo habilidades para que pudiera mantenerse ante las diferentes adversidades que el medio le proporcionaba. Consiste que él, con el uso racional de su inteligencia, comienza a percatarse de la necesidad de comer, un obligado y verdadero arte, seleccionando y elaborando sus comidas, haciendo uso de las mismas para su supervivencia en el ambiente en que se encontraba. Un hombre más adaptado a las condiciones naturales empieza a distinguir aromas, sabores, olores y logrando más experiencia en el placer de comer, encontrando satisfacción en lo que elabora, incluyendo la necesidad y tiempo de hacerlo. Este proceso fue ganando en complejidad a través de la historia.
“Cangar” ve “Köroğlu” Destanları Arasındaki Epik Benzerlikler
Authors: NASİROVA Lamiya
Published: November 2020

“Köroğlu”’ destanı ve Moğol kahramanlık destanlarından olan “Cangar” destanlarının ortaya çıktığı koşullar benzeştiğinden anlatılardaki karakterlerin özellikleri, motif, tema ve içerik, mitolojik hayal gücü ve olağanüstü unsurlar benzer ve ortak özellikler ihtiva etmektedir. Araştırmanın önemli bir yönü Moğol ve Türk halklarının zengin anlatı geleneklerinin incelenmesi ve kahramanların tarihsel mücadelesinin analizidir. Araştırmanın temel yöntemi analiz ve karşılaştırmalı analiz yöntemidir. Özgürlük, hak ve adalet mücadelesi her iki destanın ana temasıdır. Vatanın düşmanlardan korunması ve ülkenin savunulması destan kahramanları için yaşamın gayesi mertebesindedir. Kahramanların özgür bir yaşam için verdikleri mücadele her iki destanın temel motiflerindendir. Moğol destanında Cangar, Al Hongor, Sovar, Mingyan; “Köroğlu” destanında Deli Hasan, Ayvaz gibi kahramanlar yenilmez kahramanlardır. Halk edebiyatının ana öğelerinden biri olan mitlerin efsanelerdeki varlığı, tasvir edilen olaylarda efsanevi öğeler ve büyülü varlıklar, mitolojik dünya görüşünün izlerini yansıtmaktadır. “Cangar” destanında kahramanlar yeraltı dünyasının büyülü varlıkları ve onların efsanevi güçleriyle savaşmıştır. “Köroğlu” destanında da mistik bir dünya görüşünü ifade eden olaylar ve sihirli güçlere sahip karakterler vardır. Kahramanlık betimlemeleriyle zengin olan “Cangar” ve “Köroğlu” destanları halkın gelenek ve göreneklerinin, dünya görüşünün, millî ve manevi değerlerinin bir yansımasıdır.
A Structuralist approach to women’s position in George Moore’s Esther Waters
Authors: ALKAN Halit
Published: November 2020

Structuralism defines the relationship between the part and the whole. This study aims to analyse George Moore’s Esther Waters (1894) in terms of structuralist approach. The surface structure of the novel focuses on Esther raising her son alone. In terms of syntagmatic relation, Esther has an extramarital sexual intercourse with William, raises her son alone, but finally marries William. In terms of paradigmatic relation, there is homology of relationship between Esher and William who are orphans and start work at early ages. Education and motherhood become explicit signs in the deep structure: While the signifier is education, the signified is profession; and while the signifier is motherhood, the signified is self-sacrifice. As for the deep structure, its harmony operates on binary opposition between ‘being as a subject’ and ‘being as an object’. As a ‘being as a subject’, Esther makes a choice by having an extramarital sexual intercourse, takes its action by giving birth to her son, and takes its responsibility by struggling for her son. Its melody operates on the fixed cycle of getting married. The novel ends but its melody continues because women will continue to be deprived of education and professions that will provide financial freedom. As for the deep meaning, there is no innate difference between men and women in terms of mental capacity, but there are prejudices imposed by the male-dominated society on women who are left with no choice but to marry and have only the role of a wife and mother in society.
Twilight of the self: the uncanny
Authors: SARAL Nihan
Published: November 2020

Sigmund Freud dealt with the subject of self, thus he contributed to the western philosophy which had always associated self with logos. During the 1880s, Freud was close to the idea that a self lacking itself existed while he was challenging the traditional understanding of the self with the cogito. Freud, as a psychoanalyst, approached the presence of the self by observing and trying to decode the human. His starting point was the word, uncanny so he handled just a word to start questioning the self whose presence and absence are equal when Freud’s views are taken into consideration. Freud began to resolve his question by searching the word’s meaning. His initial crux was the German word ‘heimlich’ which he, then, found out to mean ‘unheimlich’. Consequently, he united the two different words forming the term uncanny. At this juncture, this research reflects on how Freud concludes - in terms of functioning and purpose - that ‘self’ means ‘otherness’ bearing in mind the effects of the uncanny on the multiplicity of the self, the decay of logos and mind, the truthfulness of images and meanings, and the unity of the conscious and the unconscious as well as focusing on whether the uncanny is an interdisciplinary term or not, as it is still a widely used term in our modern era in different fields of studies such as literature and visual arts. The research consists of three parts to try to show what the uncanny is and how this psychoanalytical term could be used in literature and other fields and the possible projections in the future.
Depression among children at shelter care institutions in Terengganu Malaysia
Authors: Rauf Siti Hajar Abdul , Ismail Asmah , Razali Nuratikah Azima , Maliki Ahmad Bisyri Husin Musawi
Published: November 2020

Background: Depression is a state of psychological disease that occurs to someone divers in age due to certain reasons. Among the factors include lack of self-confidence, problematic family, stress, low self-esteem and social environment. It could lead to a mental disorder that endangers the mental health. Aim: To investigate the status of children depression using the Children Depression Inventory (CDI) at 21 shelter care institutions in Terengganu Malaysia. Methodology: Quantitative research design was used. The sample consists of 404 respondents from 21 Islamic shelter cares such as Tahfiz, Madrasah and Orphanage in Terengganu Malaysia from the age of 10 to 18 years. Data was analyzed using Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and Discriminant Analysis (DA) which then computed to identify the most dominant factors whereas reducing the initial five parameters with recommended >0.50 of factor loading. Results: Forward stepwise of DA shows the total of groups validation percentage by 92.08% (17 independent). The result showed that the highest frequency of respondent index was at a moderate level (62.87% respondents). This showed that children still can be controlled and cared to reduce depression.

Keywords: Children Depression Index, Depression, Children, Institution, Shelter Care
Types of Coping as a Determinant of Quality of Life of Mothers of Children with Developmental Disabilities
Authors: Malhotra Shahzadi , Khan Waheeda , Bhatia Manjeet Singh
Published: November 2020

Background: It is well established that caregivers of children with developmental disabilities experience greater stress than caregivers of children without developmental disabilities. However, the experience of stress is dependent on the types of coping strategies that are used to manage stress. Such stress also affects the quality of life (QoL) of parents. Thus, parents of children with disabilities have specific mental health needs which play an important role in affecting their own and their child's QoL. Aim: To study coping as a determinant of QoL of mothers of children with intellectual disability (ID) and children with autism. Methodology: The sample consisted of 100 mothers of children (between 5-12 years of age) selected with purposive sampling, having an ID (n=50) or autism (n=50), diagnosed as per ICD-10 DCR criteria. In addition, the diagnostic assessment was also based on psychometric testing. Types of coping were assessed using Ways of Coping Questionnaires. QoL of caregivers was assessed by WHOQoL-BREF. Result: Multiple regression analysis revealed that seeking social support and planful problem solving were significant determinants of all four domains of QoL. Escape avoidance was a significant determinant of physical, psychological and social domains of QoL of mothers. Positive reappraisal significantly predicted the psychological and social domains of QoL in mothers. Conclusion: Types of coping are the determinant of  QoL of mothers of children with ID and autism.

Keywords: Quality of life, coping, autism
Who is a psychiatric social worker anyway?: A burning debate in India
Authors: Sahu Kamlesh Kumar
Published: November 2020

The Mental Healthcare Act 2017 defined various mental health professional which including "Psychiatric Social Workerâ€ which hasten an ongoing debate on the qualification of a Psychiatric Social Worker. This write up will critically discuss some of the issues related to this debate. Since it is deemed necessary to have an open and inclusive perspective for the profession to practice efficiently and effectively in a very competitive contemporary era; where many other disciplines are competing not only to excel in the field practice but also on the ground of grabbing opportunities like employment, getting prominence, having policies in their favour, consuming maximum share of available resources and getting remuneration other.  

Keywords: Psychiatric social work, India, Mental Health Act
ON THE POSITIVE PELL EQUATION y^2 = 72x^2 + 36
Authors: Gopalan M.A. , Kavitha A. , Mary A.Jesintha
Published: November 2020

The binary quadratic equation represented by the positive pellian Y2 = 72X2 + 36  is analysed for its distinct integer solutions. A few interesting relations among the solutions are given. Further, employing the solutions of the above hyperbola, we have obtained solutions of other choices of hyperbolas, parabolas and special Pythagorean triangle.
UNDERSTANDING YOGASUTRA: A FRAMEWORK FOR ECOLOGICAL VIRTUE ETHICS
Authors: Sreevidya P.S.
Published: November 2020

This is an endeavor to seek the possibilities of the application of ethical principles of yoga in present day of ecological issues. The relevance of this research paper is evident from the fact that ecological issues are not only scientific but also an ethical and this research paper is reliable and informative in the extent that it seeks to challenge the existing relationship between human beings and nature with the description of the present crisis of ecology as a crisis of human-nature relationship. To talk of ecological issues signifies that most of the issues may occur because of the attitude and behavior patterns of man towards environment. The confluence of ethical principles of yoga and ecology offer profoundly relevant response to the ecological issues and brings forth an ecological virtue ethics, which care for all natural entities with main focus of the relationship between man and environment. It offer systematic framework for understanding the traits of character and types of action that cause problems for environment. Yoga approach on ecology is intrinsic in nature, which includes moral expansionism that tries to expand outward from human centered ethics towards animals and sentient life in general. All life forms of plants and animals are interrelated and have an intrinsic value. Ethical principles of yoga give greater importance to the attitude of the mind rather than on postulation of the elaborate theories of what is right and wrong.  So the virtues of yoga ethics would be used as a remedy towards changing an attitude of the common man towards his environment.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PENGAMBILAN KEPUTUSAN INVESTASI INVESTOR INDIVIDU DI KOTA MATARAM
Authors: Oktaryani G A Sri , Abdul Manan Siti Sofiyah
Published: November 2020

This study is aimed to identify the factors that influence investment decision making by individual investors in the city of Mataram. Due to the importance of investment decision for individual investor, various factors surely are taken into consideration before deciding into some kind of invesment transaction. Survey is conducted on 100 people from different age groups and professions in the city of Mataram. Most of the respondents choose to invest in asset such as real estate and gold, only a few of them choose market securities as investment. The results of the factor analysis show that there are five factors which affect investment decisions of individual investors in the city Mataram, namely financial literacy, advice and protection, future needs, time duration of investment, and risk and return. Keywords: investment decision, individual investor, financial literacy, advice, future needs,time duration, risk and return
Experiment of a novel four-spherical intrauterine contraceptive device with nickel-titanium
Authors: Jian-Chun Yu , Mei-Hua Zhang , Ling Yu , Li-Ping Zhai , Xia Song , Fang-Di Dong , Yi Qiu
Published: November 2020

The aim of this study was to develop a novel four-spherical intrauterine contraceptive device (4-SIUD) with nickel-titanium (Ni-Ti) for human, and to evaluate the contraceptive effect. The 4-SIUD composed of 4 mesh spheres and 5 support arms. The shape of 4-SIUD was like a “T”. The height (H), upper width (D) and thickness of the 4-SIUD for macaques were 0.8 cm, 0.5 cm and 0.3 cm, and for human were 4.5 cm, 4.0 cm and 0.8 cm, respectively. The 4-SIUD was inserted into 5 macaques and pregnancy was not observed at 12 months. Three women used the 4-SIUD for 12 months, uterine perforations, expulsion, pain, and pelvic inflammatory did not occur. The results suggested that the 4-SIUD is appropriate for rhesus macaques and human use, and has a good contraceptive effect.
Mirada Axiológica del Valor Subjetivo como Factor Determinante en el Comportamiento Organizacional Venezolano
Authors: Torres Triana Auresnelly Maribel , Rondón Valero Erivan José
Published: November 2020

El propósito de esta investigación es generar desde una visión axiológica del valor subjetivo la comprensión y la reflexión de la subjetividad interna del ser humano en el comportamiento de las organizaciones venezolanas, puesto que el accionar del hombre procede de las emociones, actitudes, comportamientos, experiencias, satisfacciones, intrínsecas del individuo, siendo de importancia a lo que el individuo le otorga valor, en este sentido, las organizaciones no deben vulnerar este valor, sino que las personas que laboren en una organización corresponden a ser tratadas y vistas en la necesidad de sus percepciones humanas. Desde el contexto metodológico, el estudio se ubica dentro del paradigma cualitativo en el cual se hace uso del método hermenéutico. Los sujetos informantes, fueron cuatro (4) trabajadores ubicados en diferentes organizaciones públicas y privadas del Estado Mérida, asimismo las técnicas empleadas son la observación participante, así como la entrevista a profundidad con el instrumento guion de preguntas, el cual permitió abordar la información suministrada por cada sujeto informante, se presenta como hallazgo significativo reflexionar acerca del valor desde una percepción axiológica subjetiva del ser humano, por lo que su aspecto fundamental es pronunciar la construcción del comportamiento de los individuos y la estructura de la organización.
Análisis de la Gestión de Comunicación Organizacional en empresas vinculadas a normas de comercio seguro
Authors: Méndez Carpio César Raúl , Palacios Montero Natalia Adriana
Published: November 2020

Las empresas vinculadas al comercio exterior en Ecuador enfrentan retos importantes para mejorar sus flujos de comunicación y, de esta manera lograr ser más eficaces y seguros en el desarrollo de sus actividades cotidianas. Actualmente, los costos de estas empresas se ven afectados por falencias en dichos flujos, lo que desencadena en ineficiente rotación de inventarios, pérdidas de producción, robos, pérdidas de tiempo y esfuerzo del personal, actividades ilícitas; situaciones que pudieran evitarse con el manejo de una trazabilidad eficiente de la comunicación en el manejo de la carga, de modo que se tomen acciones inmediatas ante situaciones imprevistas. El proceso investigativo desarrollado, pretende analizar la Gestión de la comunicación organizacional en este tipo de empresas vinculadas a las normas BASC “Business Alliance for Secure Commerce” para un comercio seguro en la República del Ecuador. Se aplicó el enfoque cualitativo de tipo descriptivo apoyado en investigación documental y en encuestas estructuradas para validar los elementos de la comunicación organizacional. Se pudo verificar que no todos los elementos de la gestión de la comunicación están integrados en las normas de seguridad mencionadas, ante lo cual se propone la reestructuración del capítulo específico a ser considerado en la publicación de versiones futuras.
Reflection on College Education and Teaching Management under New Media
Authors: Wei Yunxia
Published: November 2020

Under the background of current social development, the role of media in the process of information dissemination is becoming more and more enlarged, the speed of information dissemination is greatly accelerated based on the platform built by the media. In the process of information dissemination, the related concepts of new media are derived based on the media platform. This is also the result of the continuous integration of information technology and network technology. Compared with the traditional media, the advantages of new media technology itself are more obvious both the source of information, but also the reporter and audience, so in the context of the development of new media art, the spread of various social hot issues is very fast, and the coverage is also wider. Under the background of the development of new media, colleges and universities themselves are greatly impacted by the information of new media, because people have higher acceptance of new media, so they receive all kinds of information from the outside world through mobile phones and computers, which leads to the challenge of education and teaching management in colleges and universities at present.
A Study on Cultivation Strategies of Critical Thinking in Junior Middle English Reading Class
Authors: Ren Yi
Published: November 2020

This paper analyzes the importance of critical thinking to junior middle school English reading ability. This paper probes into the cultivation of critical thinking in English reading ability from the perspective of teachers and students, and discusses the problems based on the questionnaire survey.
On the Pragmatic Thought of Gabelentz from the Address Words of Chinesische Grammatik
Authors: Cui Yahui
Published: November 2020

Chinesische Grammatik is a book about Chinese grammar compiled by Hans Georg von der Gabelentz, in the 19th century. It is also a textbook for teaching Chinese as a second language. Among them, “weft” is a comprehensive system, which contains his pragmatic thought beyond the times. The study of appellations not only shows Hans Georg von der Gabelentz’s pragmatic thought, but also reflects his idea that the cultivation of learners’ language ability should be the overall goal in Chinese teaching and the role of culture in cross-cultural communication. And the advanced educational concept of learning to use.
The Application of Corrective Feedback Theory in Integrated English Course
Authors: Zhuo Jiayu
Published: November 2020

Integrated English Course in Chinese universities serves a group of non-English major students for the main educational training purpose of second language learning together with language learning skills development under different unit themes. In the process of learning another language, as language leaners, making mistakes is natural and inevitable. This procedure of making mistakes and correcting mistakes contribute to the gradual improvement from a starter to an advanced learner. Encountering mistakes made in various conditions in the classroom, teachers need to form proper awareness, and give appropriate feedback.
What Research Tells Us about How Trust Is Built in Kindergarten and Why It Is Important for Children’s Education
Authors: Fang Xingyun
Published: November 2020

This paper mainly describes how to build a trust relationship in kindergarten and why trust is so important for children’s education. As the relationship between teachers and parents is becoming more and more tense, the relationship between teachers and teachers is becoming more and more independent (Tschannen-Moran, 2014)[57]. The trust relationship has a profound impact on children’s academic and social achievement (Bryk and Schneider, 2002)[5]. Therefore, the establishment of the trust relationship is of vital importance in kindergartens. The whole article can be divided into three parts: what, why and how. What is trust first, mentioned a few scholars understanding of trust and understanding? The second part is why trust is important in kindergartens and the factors influencing trust are mentioned. The third part is the focus of this paper, how to do to build trust in kindergarten. This article mentions five solutions, including hiring good leaders; advance step by step according to the order of establishing trust relationship; building a culture of trust in schools; building trust between parents and teachers, teachers and students, and teachers and teachers; using the teaching method adopts the child-centered teaching mode.
Upaya Pendidikan Sufistik dalam Pengembangan Psikologi Modern
Authors: Zainal Badri Khairul Nizam Bin
Published: November 2020

This article seeks to examine the efforts of sufi education and their relation to the field of psychology, especially from a positive developmental perspective. This is because modern psychology tends to study human development, which is negative, while the scope of research in positive human development is worth paying attention to. Although modern psychology recognizes humanity as the central center of life, the fact is that the field is more focused on mental symptoms, rather than exploring the inner potential of humanity. In this regard, Sufis education can serve as an alternative ground, which can be used in modern psychology. This is because Sufis education in the context of psychology has methods that can expand the inner potential of man.
Development of Variations in Greetings Before and After Learning the Moral Character of Students in Elementary Schools
Authors: Arrosyad M. Iqbal , Nugroho Fandi
Published: November 2020

The development of various greetings before and after learning is made to provide additional references and treatment from teachers to students in interesting learning. The purpose of this study was to describe the development of a variety of greetings before and after learning in Public Alementary Cchool 5 Mendo Barat. The research method used is the Research and Development method with the Thiagarajan Four-D development model which consists of four stages of research, namely (1) defining, including initial analysis, student analysis, concept analysis, and formulation of learning objectives; (2) planning (design) media selection, format selection, and preparation of various greeting media before and after learning; (3) development, including expert validation and testing; and (4) disseminate, including reproduction, socialization, and reflection. The results of this research. The definition stage 1) there is no media variation of greetings before and after learning; 2) lack of student moral character, and 3) teachers do not have information or references related to variations in greetings before and after learning. Researchers began to design a variety of greeting media with preface, table of contents, contents, author's biography, and back cover, on A4 paper size and 12 pt Garamond font. The variety of media greetings before and after learning resulted from the teacher's response to 93.33% of the process. It can be seen from the greeting activities before and after learning the moral character of students. The moral character is not indifferent when invited to discuss, resulting in 60% of the 20 students, the character of piety including a sense of responsibility and good cooperation of the students as much as 60%, the character of polite and respectful with students greeting by shaking hands every time they go to school, speaking politely 70% of teachers and friends, the character of manners in the form of like to help friends if asked for help as much as 70%.
Legislación y realidad en la época del virreinato
Authors: Valcárcel Carlos Daniel
Published: November 2020

Las posesiones del Monarca español, estaban representadas por la Metrópoli y las "tierras de ultramar". Teóricamente, un mismo espíritu informaba la legislación de los subditos de España e Indias occidentales. Sin embargo, las claras diferencias reales del ambiente social y natural darían como resultado la presencia de leyes, normando la marcha de organismos especiales para el mejor gobierno de los territorios de allende los mares. Y aunque en todos los lugares de la monarquía se efectuaba un claro deslinde entre la jurisdicción temporal y espiritual, existía la particular recomendación de buscar, tesoneramente, las concordancia entre ambas, para la buena marcha de los negocios cotidianos.
AN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS OF FACTORS INSPIRING STUDENTS FOR ADMISSION IN DISTANCE EDUCATION PROGRAM AT BANGLADESH OPEN UNIVERSITY: A CASE STUDY
Authors: Islam Serazul
Published: November 2020

Distance Education System is becoming very popular in Bangladesh because of its increasing demand in the community and other sectors. The study took a descriptive research design and the main data collection instrument was semi-structured questionnaire. The sample consisting of 325 respondents was drawn from prospective students called for viva-voce, the final selection stage of the MBA program of Bangladesh Open University (BOU) using simple random sampling technique. Data was analyzed by use of descriptive statistics and factor analysis. The study discovered five critical factors that led growing interest among (MBA) distance education program aspirants at BOU of which institutional reputation was marked as the first and the most important leading factor. This was followed by the career development factor. Students’ self-development and flexible open and distance learning system were the third and fourth interest growing leading factors respectively. Another important factor that the students cited regarding their motivation to opt for admission into distance education program of Distance Education program of MBA at BOU was their academic achievement.
EFFECTIVENESS OF WEB 2.0 TECHNOLOGIES IN DISTANCE LEARNING
Authors: Gilani Yasir Ali
Published: November 2020

In the present research an attempt has been made to explore the “Effectiveness of Web 2.0 Technologies in Distance Learning”. Web 2.0 skills had a significant positive outcome on academic achievement of learners. Objectives of this study were to explore the potential role of web 2.0 technologies in Distant Learning System (DLS), to find out the problems in adopting emerging hi-tech trends for distance learners and to conduct an analysis of effectiveness of web 2.0 technologies. The study was experimental in nature. The pretest-posttest equivalent groups design was used for the treatment. The population of this study comprisesd of 89 students enrolled in M.Phill Education Couse Code No. 3705 for semester Spring-2014. The study sample was divided into two equal groups that are; experimental and control groups, the experimental group was observed in a test of statistical significance. On the basis of the research finding, it was concluded that the web 2.0 tools were more effective than ordinary technologies in the increasing average academic achievement of distance learners and web skills were more helpful in refining average problem solving proficiencies of distance learners as compared with traditional strategies.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MORAL KNOWLEDGE AND MORAL REASONING OF SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS
Authors: Zaman Sher
Published: November 2020

goal of an educational system. However, a perception exists in Pakistan that the given first two components, i.e., information and skills, are more focused in school curriculum and instruction but morals among students are informally addressed during class teaching. Such schooling of the learners does not meet the socio-moral needs of a developing society. Resultantly there occurs a societal moral decline that Pakistani society is facing now a day. The current study has, therefore, been conducted to determine role of the given moral instructional contents in fostering moral reasoning and judgment (determining the moral justification of an action) among the secondary school students, to address the issue related research question, as whether students’ moral knowledge accounts for variations in their moral reasoning. The research data for this correlational study was collected on two variables i.e. moral knowledge and moral reasoning of the students. For the purpose, researcher developed two instruments and used for measuring the variables involved in the present research. An achievement test was developed to measure moral knowledge of the secondary school students while, a test based on moral dilemmas was constructed to assess their moral reasoning. Psychometric properties of both the tests, for validity and reliability purpose, were ensured through expert judgments. Further improvement in tests was made on the basis of students’ responses that were taken in piloting of the instruments. A sample of 600 students of the grade 9 with their age range 14-16 years participated in the study. The correlation coefficient=0.204**, n=595, p<0.05 indicates that there was small correlation between students’ moral knowledge and their moral reasoning levels.
Analysis of Secondary Grade Mathematics Question Papers of Boards of Intermediate and Secondary Education in Punjab
Authors: Saeed Muhammad
Published: November 2020

The purpose of this study was to investigate the quality of mathematics question papers of Boards of Intermediate and Secondary Education (BISE) for grade 9 and 10 (secondary level) as per national curriculum 2006. The BISE question papers in the subject of mathematics of grade IX-X for the two academic years 2012 and 2013 were analyzed in terms of the weightage of different cognitive abilities suggested in the national curriculum. The analysis was made on the basis of the basic principles of test item construction found in literature and the weightage of various cognitive abilities narrated in national curriculum. It was found that question papers were largely assessing students’ lower cognitive abilities (knowledge and comprehension); a few items were assessing higher cognitive abilities (application and analysis). Since the cognitive abilities of synthesis and evaluation were not desired to assess in the national curriculum (2006) of mathematics, so these were ignored. Some of the questions were weak in terms of language and format/style. The study suggests that teachers should be aware of the national curriculum document with special reference to assessment and BISE should organize intensive training for teachers in test item construction, especially those involved in developing mathematics question papers for BISE.
Gap between Expectations and Experiences of Equity in Public Schools: A Pupils’ Perspective
Authors: Uzair-ul-Hassan Muhammad
Published: November 2020

The study investigated into the lens of pupils from public sector that what constitutes fair and equitable schools in Pakistan. Also the study explored pupils’ expectations from school, how the schools can be transformed into equitable schools in which all students are treated equally and fairly. The study used quantitative approach with multistage sampling in two districts of Punjab, Pakistan. Questionnaire had been conducted on 434 pupils aged between 14-15 years of 9th and 10th class. The return rate of the questionnaire was 85%. Results of descriptive statistical analysis show that pupils receive equitable as well as inequitable treatment with respect to punishment, rewards and marks awarded by teachers in public schools. Results further show that wider the inequitable experiences of pupils in schools, greater are the equity expectations from schools. Also the pupils with various backgrounds differ significantly from each other in terms of inequitable experiences in schools. It is concluded that equitable public school would be the one in which all students are treated in an equitable manner irrespective of differences.
Schools as Antecedents of Teacher Burnout: A Case of Public Sector Schools in Lahore
Authors: Shaheen Faiza
Published: November 2020

The cascading causes and consequences of teacher burnout also put other elements of school effectiveness under question. To estimate the extent of teachers’ involvement and to optimize utilization of school facilities, this research study was undertaken. This study examined the degree of relationship among the aspects of burnout among school teachers and school factors. A representative sample of 424 school teachers (Male=178 and Females=246) was selected by convenient sampling technique. Maslach Burnout Inventory-ES (MBI) was administered to measure the emotional involvement of teachers whereas a self-developed tool assessing present school factors was used to estimate the relationship between emotional state of teachers and workplace facilities (school resources).Data were analyzed by using Mean, SD, and Pearson product moment (r). Results indicated that teachers’ internal involvement correspond to the availability of given school facilities. In addition to the knowledge about teachers’ involvement on job duties, it was recommended that the ultimate school performance can be improved while keeping the right extent of school facilities. Recommendations on coping strategies at personal level by teachers themselves as well as at school level by administrators were also provided.
Measuring the Effectiveness of AIOU Television for Students’ Learning
Authors: Siraj Abdul
Published: November 2020

Television makes education different from other teaching modes such as book, lecture, radio, computer, etc. television can make better learning in circumstances where regular teacher and educational institutions are not available. The use of television for distance education is f high currency especially in poor countries, where resources are limited, and population is unmanageable. This study evaluates AIOU television programs for students learning. The study finds that AIOU TV airtime, day and duration are not suitable to students. Although students mostly rely on the textbook assignments and examination, nevertheless TV programs make up deficiency for the missed tutorials and benefit students to some extent in writing assignments.
Computer-aided Instruction and Institutional Effectiveness of Federal Polytechnic in North Central Nigeria
Authors: Ogundele Michael Olarewaju , Udokang Anietie E
Published: November 2020

The study investigated the relationship between computer aided instruction and institutional effectiveness of Federal Polytechnics in the North Central Geo-Political Zone. Correlation design was adopted for the study. Stratified random sampling technique was used to select 1000 respondents comprising of Heads of Departments, Examination officers, library and Information Technology officers, Chief Lecturers, Students and Executives of Student Union Governments. The research instruments used for the study were Questionnaires; Computer Aided Instruction Questionnaire (CAIQ) and Institutional Effectiveness Questionnaire (IEQ). The instruments were validated by the experts of computer science and science education. Split-half reliability method was used to determine reliability index of 0.62 and 0.64 for CAIQ and IEQ respectively after subjecting to Spearman ranking order statistics at 0.05 significance level. Three research questions and four hypotheses were generated to guide the study. Descriptive statistics was used to answer the research questions while Pearson product moment was used to test all the hypotheses. The result shows that there is low significant relationship between computer aided instruction and institutional effectiveness of Federal Polytechnics in North Central Nigeria. It was however recommended that adequate computer accessories should be provided for effective teaching and learning processes in the polytechnic. Also, adequate computer and utilization training should be given to all lecturers in order to develop computer based instruction for the effectiveness of the instruction in North Central Nigeria.
La tematización de lo sagrado en el pensamiento contemporáneo
Authors: Gonzalo César Ignacio
Published: November 2020

El siguiente escrito se propone trabajar sobre la noción de lo sagrado de acuerdo fue considerado en el pensamiento contemporáneo, período en el que se constituye en objeto de estudio específico, lográndose distinguir bajo contornos cada vez más precisos respecto al campo de saberes y prácticas referido a lo religioso. Más concretamente, nos referiremos a tres perspectivas desde las cuáles esta noción cobra especial relevancia para el campo de la filosofía, las ciencias sociales y humanas en general. Ellas son: a) la psicología de lo sagrado de Rudolf Otto; b)  la fenomenología de lo sagrado de Mircea Eliade y; c) los desarrollos provenientes desde la antropología de lo sagrado. A partir de lo señalado, se considera como objetivo central de este trabajo, el de evidenciar la problematicidad que caracteriza de modo esencial a la noción de lo sacro en lo que a todo intento de conceptualización clara y precisa refiere. En tal sentido, lo sagrado emerge como lo absolutamente otro, “lo inaprensible”, en oposición al mundo profano, donde tiene cabida la capacidad racional del ser humano.
De forma previa a los desarrollos considerados como cuerpo central de este trabajo, nos interesa señalar un antecedente directo en lo que a la conceptualización de lo sagrado refiere. En razón de ello, nos detendremos en el pensamiento del teólogo y filósofo alemán Friedrich Schleiermacher, quién comenzará a dar forma desde la teoría, a un marcado contraste entre dos fenómenos antaño asimilados: la religión y lo sagrado.
Jurnal Harian Minggu ke 3 Samsinar
Authors: Samsinar
Published: November 2020

Kuliah Kerja Lapang Plus (KKLP) merupakan suatu kegiatan perkuliahan yang bersifat intrakurikuler dalam bentuk pengabdian kepada masyarakat yang dilakukan oleh mahasiswa dalam jangka waktu tertentu.Dalam penyelesaian strata 1(S1) semua mahasiswa harus melakukan KKLP.
MENGIKUTI PROKER KECAMATAN
Authors: Nurmeilani
Published: November 2020

Kegiatan seminar ini berjalan dengan lancar. Program kerjasecara keseluruhan yang ada di kecamatan Rumbia juga sudahmencapai 71% . Tinggal menyelesaikan beberapa programyang belum terlaksana ataupun yang sedang berjalan
Pembenahan taman pkk
Authors: bima eka
Published: November 2020

Kuliah kerja lapang plus adalah kegiatan perkuliahan yang dalam bentuk pengabdian pada masyarakat yang dilakukan oleh mahasiswa dalam jangka waktu tertentu
PENGAMBILAN KEPUTUSAN PERAWAT SEBAGAI PEMECAHAN MASALAH DALAM ASUHAN KEPERAWATAN
Authors: Pratiwi Novi
Published: November 2020

Kemampuan membuat keputusan dalam pemecahan masalah etis menjadi salah satu persyaratan bagi perawat untuk menjalankan praktik keperawatan professional. Pengambilan keputusan perawat dilakukan pada semua tahap proses keperawatan. Sehingga seorang perawat harus mampu berpikir kritis dan berkomunikasi dengan baik sebagai suatu elemen penting dalam pengambilan keputusan klinis, sehingga terjadi pembelajaran berkelanjutan bagi pasien dan dapat meningkatkan tingkat kemandirian pasien. Pengambilan keputusan yang tepat dalam pemecahan masalah akan meningkatkan kemandirian klien dalam asuhannya serta membantu klien untuk menentukan pilihan bantuan yang tepat sesuai dengan kondisinya. Dan seorang perawat harus mampu mengambil keputusan dengan melibatkan pasien dan keluarga dalam asuhan keperawatannya.
Piket Di Kantor Desa Bungung Loe
Authors: Haspira
Published: November 2020

Membantu aparat desa dalam menjalankan administasi yang ada di kantor desa serta agar lebih berbaur dengan perangkat desa bungung loe
Peningkatan keselamatan pasien untuk mencegah terjadinya penyakit akibat kerja pada perawat
Authors: Nasution Ghaniyah Afiqa
Published: November 2020

Rumah sakit (RS) merupakan tempat kerja yang berpotensi tinggi terhadap terjadinya kecelakaan kerja. Adanya bahan mudah terbakar, gas medis, radiasi pengion dan bahan kimia membutuhkan perhatian serius terhadap keselamatan pasien, staf dan umum, Rumah sakit (RS) merupakan tempat kerja yang berpotensi tinggi terhadap terjadinya kecelakaan kerja.
Effects of Pre-Existing Social Anxiety on Mental Health Outcomes During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Ho Jolie Tsoi Kan , Moscovitch David A
Published: November 2020

Background and objectives: Individuals with social anxiety (SA) have well-established fears of being negatively evaluated and of exposing self-perceived flaws to others. However, the unique impacts of pre-existing SA on well-being and interpersonal outcomes within the stressful context of the pandemic are currently unknown. Design: In a preregistered study that took place in May 2020, we surveyed 488 North American community participants online. Methods: We used multiple linear regression to analyze whether pre-existing SA symptoms predicted current coronavirus anxiety, loneliness, fears of negative evaluation, use of preventive measures, and affiliative outcomes, and whether pre-existing functional impairment and recent COVID-related stressors moderated these relations. Results: Results highlighted the negative effects of pre-existing social anxiety (SA) on current mental health functioning, especially for participants with higher pre-existing functional impairment and greater exposure to COVID-related stressors. Although participants with higher pre-existing SA reported currently feeling lonelier and more fearful of negative evaluation, they also endorsed greater efforts to affiliate with others. Conclusions: High SA individuals may have heightened desire for social support within the isolating context of the pandemic, in which COVID-related social restrictions enable greater avoidance of social evaluation but may also mask the enduring impairment associated with pre-existing SA.
Analysis of Leadership Effect and Public Service Motivation on Work Satisfaction (ASN) In The District Bantaeng
Authors: Nurung Jumiaty , Rakhmat  , Asang Sulaeman , Hamsina
Published: November 2020

This research was conducted to determine the effect of leadership and motivation of public service for job satisfaction ASN Bantaeng district. Basically, job satisfaction is an individual thing and depends on one's perception of what he feels about work. Further explained that the job satisfaction theory tries to reveal what makes some people more satisfied with their work than some others. If employees have high job satisfaction, employees will try to show the best service quality. Job satisfaction in this study as a central point that can not only affect the quality of public services directly, but can be a factor that mediates indirect effects of several factors that affect the quality of public services, including leadership factors and motivation for public services. Leadership has a positive direct effect, although not significantly on ASN job satisfaction, while the activation of public services has a significant positive direct effect on ASN job satisfaction in Bantaeng District.