bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tooth-Supporting Hard Tissue Regeneration Using Biopolymeric Material Fabrication Strategies
Authors: Kim Min Guk , Park Chan Ho
Published: October 2020

The mineralized tissues (alveolar bone and cementum) are the major components of periodontal tissues and play a critical role to anchor periodontal ligament (PDL) to tooth-root surfaces. The integrated multiple tissues could generate biological or physiological responses to transmitted biomechanical forces by mastication or occlusion. However, due to periodontitis or traumatic injuries, affect destruction or progressive damage of periodontal hard tissues including PDL could be affected and consequently lead to tooth loss. Conventional tissue engineering approaches have been developed to regenerate or repair periodontium but, engineered periodontal tissue formation is still challenging because there are still limitations to control spatial compartmentalization for individual tissues and provide optimal 3D constructs for tooth-supporting tissue regeneration and maturation. Here, we present the recently developed strategies to induce osteogenesis and cementogenesis by the fabrication of 3D architectures or the chemical modifications of biopolymeric materials. These techniques in tooth-supporting hard tissue engineering are highly promising to promote the periodontal regeneration and advance the interfacial tissue formation for tissue integrations of PDL fibrous connective tissue bundles (alveolar bone-to-PDL or PDL-to-cementum) for functioning restorations of the periodontal complex.
Study of the Relationship between Leaf Color Formation and Anthocyanin Metabolism among Different Purple Pakchoi Lines
Authors: Song Bo , Xu Hai , Chen Longzheng , Fan Xiaoxue , Jing Zange , Chen Song , Xu Zhigang
Published: October 2020

Purple pakchoi (Brassica rapa ssp. Chinensis) is particularly appreciated due to its high edible quality and ornamental value, but there are few studies on the underlying mechanisms of leaf color formation. To comprehensively assess the differences in purple formation in pakchoi, four lines of pakchoi with different purple leaves were used in this experiment to determine the pigment content and to investigate the distribution and components of anthocyanin using LCMS (Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry) and leaf cross-sections. Moreover, the expression levels of anthocyanin synthesis-related genes in four lines were calculated by qRT-PCR. The results showed that three new purple lines rich in anthocyanin and of high-quality were bred, and the anthocyanin were mainly distributed in both the upper epidermis and lower epidermis of leaves. Thirteen anthocyanin components were separated and identified, all the anthocyanins were acylated and glycosylated cyanidins; the main anthocyanins in purple pakchoi were a diacylated form of cyanidin 3-trans-(feruloyl)diglucoside-5-(malonyl)glucoside. Both the ratio of non-aromatic acylated cyanidin to aromatic acylated cyanidin and the ratio of anthocyanin content to chlorophyll content were responsible for the color formation in different purple pakchoi lines. When the ratio was high, the leaf appeared reddish purple, and when the ratio was low, the leaf appeared deep purple, even blackish purple. The expression level of BrF3H was significantly correlated with the content of anthocyanin through the correlation coefficient, which was speculated to be the main anthocyanin synthesis-related gene resulting in color differences among the four purple pakchoi lines. These results will enhance our understanding for the cultivation of new purple pakchoi varieties.
Icariin-Functionalized Nanodiamonds to Enhance Osteogenic Capacity In Vitro
Authors: Choi Somang , Noh Sung Hyun , Lim Chae Ouk , Kim Hak-Jun , Jo Han-Saem , Min Ji Seon , Park Kyeongsoon , Kim Sung Eun
Published: October 2020

Nanodiamonds (NDs) have been used as drug delivery vehicles due to their low toxicity and biocompatibility. Recently, it has been reported that NDs have also osteogenic differentiation capacity. However, their capacity using NDs alone is not enough. To significantly improve their osteogenic activity, we developed icariin (ICA)-functionalized NDs (ICA-NDs) and evaluated whether ICA-NDs enhance their in vitro osteogenic capacity. Unmodified NDs and ICA-NDs showed nanosized particles that were spherical in shape. The ICA-NDs achieved a prolonged ICA release for up to 4 weeks. The osteogenic capacities of NDs, ICA (10 μg)-NDs, and ICA (50 μg)-NDs were demonstrated by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity; calcium content; and mRNA gene levels of osteogenic-related markers, including ALP, runt-related transcript factor 2 (RUNX2), collagen type I alpha 1 (COL1A1), and osteopontin (OPN). In vitro cell studies revealed that ICA (50 μg)-ND-treated MC3T3-E1 cells greatly increased osteogenic markers, including ALP, calcium content, and mRNA gene levels of osteogenic-related markers, including ALP, RUNX2, COL1A1, and OPN compared to ICA (10 μg)-NDs or ND-treated cells. These our data suggest that ICA-NDs can promote osteogenic capacity.
From Basic Research to New Tools and Challenges for the Genotoxicity Testing of Nanomaterials
Authors: Fessard Valérie , Nesslany Fabrice
Published: October 2020

Genotoxicity is one of the key endpoints investigated as early as possible before marketing a product [...]
Log-Normal Superstatistics for Brownian Particles in a Heterogeneous Environment
Authors: dos Santos Maike Antonio Faustino , Menon Junior Luiz
Published: October 2020

Superstatistical approaches have played a crucial role in the investigations of mixtures of Gaussian processes. Such approaches look to describe non-Gaussian diffusion emergence in single-particle tracking experiments realized in soft and biological matter. Currently, relevant progress in superstatistics of Gaussian diffusion processes has been investigated by applying χ2-gamma and χ2-gamma inverse superstatistics to systems of particles in a heterogeneous environment whose diffusivities are randomly distributed; such situations imply Brownian yet non-Gaussian diffusion. In this paper, we present how the log-normal superstatistics of diffusivities modify the density distribution function for two types of mixture of Brownian processes. Firstly, we investigate the time evolution of the ensemble of Brownian particles with random diffusivity through the analytical and simulated points of view. Furthermore, we analyzed approximations of the overall probability distribution for log-normal superstatistics of Brownian motion. Secondly, we propose two models for a mixture of scaled Brownian motion and to analyze the log-normal superstatistics associated with them, which admits an anomalous diffusion process. The results found in this work contribute to advances of non-Gaussian diffusion processes and superstatistical theory.
From Probabilistic to Quantile-Oriented Sensitivity Analysis: New Indices of Design Quantiles
Authors: Kala Zdeněk
Published: October 2020

In structural reliability analysis, sensitivity analysis (SA) can be used to measure how an input variable influences the failure probability Pf of a structure. Although the reliability is usually expressed via Pf, Eurocode building design standards assess the reliability using design quantiles of resistance and load. The presented case study showed that quantile-oriented SA can provide the same sensitivity ranking as Pf-oriented SA or local SA based on Pf derivatives. The first two SAs are global, so the input variables are ranked based on total sensitivity indices subordinated to contrasts. The presented studies were performed for Pf ranging from 9.35 × 10−8 to 1–1.51 × 10−8. The use of quantile-oriented global SA can be significant in engineering tasks, especially for very small Pf. The proposed concept provided an opportunity to go much further. Left-right symmetry of contrast functions and sensitivity indices were observed. The article presents a new view of contrasts associated with quantiles as the distance between the average value of the population before and after the quantile. This distance has symmetric hyperbola asymptotes for small and large quantiles of any probability distribution. Following this idea, new quantile-oriented sensitivity indices based on measuring the distance between a quantile and the average value of the model output are formulated in this article.
Nonlinear System Stability and Behavioral Analysis for Effective Implementation of Artificial Lower Limb
Authors: Das Susmita , Nandi Dalia , Neogi Biswarup , Sarkar Biswajit
Published: October 2020

System performance and efficiency depends on the stability criteria. The lower limb prosthetic model design requires some prerequisites such as hardware design functionality and compatibility of the building block materials. Effective implementation of mathematical model simulation symmetry towards the achievement of hardware design is the focus of the present work. Different postures of lower limb have been considered in this paper to be analyzed for artificial system design of lower limb movement. The generated polynomial equations of the sitting and standing positions of the normal limb are represented with overall system transfer function. The behavioral analysis of the lower limb model shows the nonlinear nature. The Euler-Lagrange method is utilized to describe the nonlinearity in the field of forward dynamics of the artificial system. The stability factor through phase portrait analysis is checked with respect to nonlinear system characteristics of the lower limb. The asymptotic stability has been achieved utilizing the most applicable Lyapunov method for nonlinear systems. The stability checking of the proposed artificial lower extremity is the newer approach needed to take decisions on output implementation in the system design.
Vector-Focused Approaches to Curb Malaria Transmission in the Brazilian Amazon: An Overview of Current and Future Challenges and Strategies
Authors: Rocha Elerson Matos , Katak Ricardo de Melo , Campos de Oliveira Juan , Araujo Maisa da Silva , Carlos Bianca Cechetto , Galizi Roberto , Tripet Frederic , Marinotti Osvaldo , Souza-Neto Jayme A.
Published: October 2020

In Brazil, malaria transmission is mostly confined to the Amazon, where substantial progress has been made towards disease control in the past decade. Vector control has been historically considered a fundamental part of the main malaria control programs implemented in Brazil. However, the conventional vector-control tools have been insufficient to control or eliminate local vector populations due to the complexity of the Amazonian rainforest environment and ecological features of malaria vector species in the Amazon, especially Anopheles darlingi. Malaria elimination in Brazil and worldwide eradication will require a combination of conventional and new approaches that takes into account the regional specificities of vector populations and malaria transmission dynamics. Here we present an overview on both conventional and novel promising vector-focused tools to curb malaria transmission in the Brazilian Amazon. If well designed and employed, vector-based approaches may improve the implementation of malaria-control programs, particularly in remote or difficult-to-access areas and in regions where existing interventions have been unable to eliminate disease transmission. However, much effort still has to be put into research expanding the knowledge of neotropical malaria vectors to set the steppingstones for the optimization of conventional and development of innovative vector-control tools.
Frequency Masking Effects for Vertical Whole-Body Vibration for Seated Subjects
Authors: Schwendicke Anna , Altinsoy M. Ercan
Published: October 2020

Masking occurs when the perception of a stimulus is affected or covered by the presence of another signal in close proximity either in time or frequency. This study investigated frequency masking effects across a wide frequency range for whole-body vibration (WBV). The hypothesis that masking effects for WBV might be caused by sub-channels within the Pacinian channel was explored in two experiments. One experiment explored the masking effects of narrow band noise (NBN) on the perception threshold of sinusoidal vibrations; another explored the effect of different widths of NBN on the shift of the perception threshold for vertical vibration of seated subjects. The results show distinct masking effects for WBV based on frequency, albeit they do not support the existence of sub-channels within the Pacinian channel. Neither the typical masking effects associated with critical bands nor threshold shifts dependent on the bandwidth of the narrow band noise can be shown. Thus, the hypothesis does not appear to hold for WBV, but frequency masking must be considered for future studies and tactile applications.
Carbon Balance and Streamflow at a Small Catchment Scale 10 Years after the Severe Natural Disturbance in the Tatra Mts, Slovakia
Authors: Fleischer Peter , Holko Ladislav , Celer Slavomír , Čekovská Lucia , Rozkošný Jozef , Škoda Peter , Olejár Lukáš , Fleischer Peter
Published: October 2020

Natural disturbances (windthrow, bark beetle, and fire) have reduced forest cover in the Tatra National Park (Slovakia) by 50% since the year 2004. We analyzed carbon fluxes and streamflow ten years after the forest destruction in three small catchments which differ in size, land cover, disturbance type and post-disturbance management. Point-wise CO2 fluxes were estimated by chamber methods for vegetation-dominated land-use types and extrapolated over the catchments using the site-specific regressions with environmental variables. Streamflow characteristics in the pre- and post-disturbance periods (water years of 1965–2004 and 2005–2014, respectively) were compared to identify changes in hydrological cycle initiated by the disturbances. Mature Norway spruce forest which was carbon neutral, turned to carbon source (330 ± 98 gC m−2 y−1) just one year after the wind disturbance. After ten years most of the windthrow sites acted as carbon sinks (from −341 ± 92.1 up to −463 ± 178 gC m−2 y−1). In contrast, forest stands strongly infested by bark beetles regenerated much slowly and on average emitted 495 ± 176 gC m−2 year−1. Ten years after the forest destruction, annual carbon balance in studied catchments was almost neutral in the least disturbed catchment. Carbon uptake notably exceeded its release in the most severely disturbed catchment (by windthrow and fire), where net ecosystem exchange (NEE) was −206 ± 115 gC m−2. The amount of sequestered carbon in studied catchments was driven by the extent of fast-growing successional vegetation cover (represented by the leaf area index LAI) rather than by the disturbance or vegetation types. Different post-disturbance management has not influenced the carbon balance yet. Streamflow characteristics did not indicate significant changes in the hydrological cycle. However, greater cumulative decadal runoff, different median monthly flows and low flows and the greater number of flow reversals in the in the first years after the windthrow in two severely affected catchments could be partially related to the influence of the disturbances.
An Empirical Orthogonal Function-Based Approach for Spatially- and Temporally-Extensive Soil Moisture Data Combination
Authors: Zhao Ying , Li Fei , Yao Rongjiang , Jiao Wentao , Hill Robert Lee
Published: October 2020

Modeling and prediction of soil hydrologic processes require identifying soil moisture spatial-temporal patterns and effective methods allowing the data observations to be used across different spatial and temporal scales. This work presents a methodology for combining spatially- and temporally-extensive soil moisture datasets obtained in the Shale Hills Critical Zone Observatory (CZO) from 2004 to 2010. The soil moisture was investigated based on Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF) analysis. The dominant soil moisture patterns were derived and further correlated with the soil-terrain attributes in the study area. The EOF analyses indicated that one or two EOFs of soil moisture could explain 76–89% of data variation. The primary EOF pattern had high values clustered in the valley region and, conversely, low values located in the sloping hills, with a depth-dependent correlation to which curvature, depth to bedrock, and topographic wetness index at the intermediate depths (0.4 m) exhibited the highest contributions. We suggest a novel approach to integrating the spatially-extensive manually measured datasets with the temporally-extensive automatically monitored datasets. Given the data accessibility, the current data merging framework has provided the methodology for the coupling of the mapped and monitored soil moisture datasets, as well as the conceptual coupling of slow and fast pedologic and hydrologic functions. This successful coupling implies that a combination of diverse and extensive moisture data has provided a solution of data use efficiency and, thus, exciting insights into the understanding of hydrological processes at multiple scales.
Influence of Unsteady Flow Induced by a Large-Scale Hydropower Station on the Water Level Fluctuation of Multi-Approach Channels: A Case Study of the Three Gorges Project, China
Authors: Wan Zhiyong , Li Yun , Wang Xiaogang , An Jianfeng , Dong Bo , Liao Yipeng
Published: October 2020

Unsteady flow induced by hydropower stations exerts a significant impact on the water level in multi-approach channels, which directly threatens the safe passage of ships. In this study, a one-dimensional and a two-dimensional hydrodynamic model are adopted to simulate the water level fluctuations at the entrance of multi-approach channels and the lower lock head of a ship lift with consideration of initial water surface elevation, base flow, flow amplitude, regulation time, and locations of hydropower stations, unfavorable conditions are successfully identified; and the fluctuations at the approach channel entrance and the lower lock head of a ship lift under single-peak and double-peak regulating mode are analyzed considering the flow regulating of the Gezhouba Hydropower Station (GHS), thus, the water level oscillation process in the multi-approach channels is presented. Results show that the largest wave amplitude in the multi-approach channels manifests under unfavorable conditions including lower initial water surface elevation, smaller base flow, larger flow variation, and shorter regulation time; and water level fluctuation in the multi-approach channel is primarily induced by flow amplitude and net flow between the Three Gorges Hydropower Station (TGHS) and the GHS, with consideration of the counter-regulation process of the GHS. This research contributes to providing a reference for a similar large-scale cascade hydropower station regarding regulation and control of navigation conditions.
The Role of Vaccination and Screening in Limiting the Worldwide Disease Burden of Preventable Female Cancers: A Review
Authors: Costantino Claudio , Alba Davide , Cimino Livia , Conforto Arianna , Mazzucco Walter
Published: October 2020

Cancer represents one of the most common causes of death worldwide. Among women, breast cancer is the most diagnosed cancer and the principal cause of death due to malignant disease, while cervical cancer ranks fourth for both incidence and mortality. The present review aims to analyze the epidemiology of cervical and breast cancer (incidence, mortality, survival rates, and trends). Moreover, the most important primary and secondary preventive strategies (reduction of risk factors, exposure, vaccination, cancer screening) intended to reduce the future burden of cervical and breast cancer, that should be adopted actively and free of charge, were discussed in accordance to more recent and evidence-based findings.
Perancangan Algoritma Optimasi Pada Pengenalan Karakter Plat Nomor Kendaraan Menggunakan Pengolahan Citra
Authors: Iman Sugeng Gesang , Syamsuddin Eniman Yunus
Published: October 2020

Pengenalan plat nomor kendaraan khususnya plat nomor Indonesia menggunakan pengolahan citra belum banyak digunakan secara luas. Baru dari pemerintah yang memanfaatkan pengenalan plat nomor kendaraan dengan pengolahan citra sebagai alat otomatis tilang elektronik yang dipasang pada rambu lalu lintas. Beberapa penelitian pengenalan plat nomor dilakukan untuk menghasilakan pengenalan yang terbaik. Pada penelitian ini dibuat sebuah metoda untuk melakukan optimasi pengenalan karakter menggunakan pengolahan citra. Metoda ini menganalisa bentuk kemiripan karakter terhadap karakter utama plat nomor kendaran serta menganalisa dimana posisi karakter tersebut berada. Metoda ini mampu meningkatkan pengenalan karakter plat nomor kendaraan menggunakan pengolahan citra dengan presentase peningkatan akurasi dari 80% menjadi 94%.
Silencios de una historia: aproximaciones al uso del silencio como fuente de la historiografía
Authors: Estrada Arellano Sergio
Published: October 2020

El presente artículo se construye a partir de dos experiencias investigativas sobre temáticas relacionadas con la dictadura militar de Pinochet, y que estuvieron marcadas por el silencio y la carencia de información; como límite infranqueable para la historiografía, han sido generalmente eludidas por los investigadores e investigadoras, quienes, frente a la inexistencia de material, han debido buscar en otras fuentes de información o releer el material existente desde otros puntos de vista. Bajo tal premisa, y siendo el silencio un elemento que posibilita una reflexión y transformación de la disciplina, la propuesta del presente trabajo es plantear, mediante la propia experiencia investigativa del autor, pistas y lineamientos desde donde afrontar el silencio como fuente para la historiografía, a fin de establecer mecanismos para comprenderlo e interpretarlo desde su propio contenido vedado.
Lumbar spine segmental instability in degenerative spine conditions
Authors: Fraerman Aleksandr P. , Yarikov Anton V. , Kotelnikov Aleksandr O. , Smirnov Igor I. , Leonov Vasilii A. , Khomchenkov Maksim V. , Perlmutter Olga A. , Sosnin Andrei G.
Published: October 2020

1240% of people with low back pain have spinal instability in degenerative-dystrophic diseases of the spine. The paper highlights the biomechanical basis for the development of segmental instability and discusses various hypotheses for the development of this condition. The authors describe the modern methods of neuroimaging used in the diagnosis of segmental instability, such as radiography, functional spondylography, CT, functional CT, MRI.
Further, the paper presents provocative tests used in the diagnosis of instability: passive extension of the lumbar spine, standing, sitting, pron-instability, "scissors", compression of spinous processes, forward lean in standing position, and some others.
The authors shared their experience in diagnosing segmental instability.
However, the discrepancy between the data of instrumental examinations and patient complaints, poorly studied rotational and lateral instability in osteochondrosis indicate the need for a more detailed study of the instability of the spine as a whole.
Availability of radiation diagnostic equipment for examination of cancer patients in healthcare institutions
Authors: Lomakov Sergei Y.
Published: October 2020

Objectives to analyze the equipment of health care institutions, engaged in providing medical care to patients with cancer, with medical devices for diagnostic radiology.
Materials and methods.The data from official reporting forms of medical organizations in Saint Petersburg on the availability of medical equipment for diagnostic radiology were analyzed for the period of 5 years using a continuous sampling method. The obtained data were statistically processed with the calculation of statistical series, extensive and intensive indicators. The Student t-test was used to assess the statistically significant differences in indicators in individual years of observation.
Results.In the period from 2013 to 2018, the analysis showed an increase of the availability of diagnostic radiology devices in the medical organizations in St. Petersburg, particularly for ultrasound equipment by 39.7%, x-ray machines by 9.5%, CT machines by 23.9%, MRI machines by 16.6%, SPECT and PET devices. At the same time, a uniform increase in the number of ultrasound and x-ray medical equipment was observed in urban and Federal medical organizations, while the rate of "heavy" radiation medical equipment (CT, MRI, PET, SPECT) was higher in Federal medical institutions.
Conclusion.Despite the marked increase in the equipment of medical institutions, a significant part of medical radiation equipment has been in use for 10 years or longer (from 14.4% to 29.8% for certain types of medical equipment) and requires a scheduled replacement.
Identification of the site for biopsy in oral mucosa cancer diagnostics
Authors: Orlov Andrei E. , Gabrielyan Aleksei G. , Kaganov Oleg I. , Postnikov Mikhail A. , Trunin Dmitrii A. , Denisova Yuliya L.
Published: October 2020

Objective to refine the method of incisional biopsy in the diagnosis of oral mucosa cancer using the auto-fluorescent stomatoscopy.
Materials and method.The study was conducted on the base of the Samara Regional Clinical Oncology Center. The inclusion criterion for patients was the diagnose of the oral mucosa cancer of various localization. Patients were divided into 2 groups. The main group included patients (n=43), who were being diagnosed for cancer with the help of optimized incisional biopsy of the oral mucosa formations, using the "AFS-400" autofluorescence complex and glasses with a green light filter for identification. The patients of the control group (n=46) received the standard biopsy procedure under direct vision.
Results.The first incisional biopsies revealed cancer in 25 (54%) patients of the control group and in 36 (84%) patients of the main group. A histological verification of the diagnosis was necessary in 7 (16%) patients of the main group and required the second biopsy. In the control group, for the same purpose, 17 (37%) patients underwent the second biopsy and 4 (9%) patients required the third biopsy procedure. Exophytic-papillary forms of cancer were the most complex for histological verification. The primary biopsy of these cases was effective in 16 (37%) patients in the main group and in 8 (17%) patients in the control group (p = 0.036). In patients with initial stages of cancer (I-II), with the first incision biopsy, the histological verification of cancer was achieved in 16 (37%) cases in the main group and in 8 (17%) cases in the control group (p = 0.036).
Conclusion.The use of the "AFS-400" autofluorescent complex and glasses with a green light filter for incisional biopsy of oral mucosal formations allows histological verification of cancer with the first biopsy in 84% of cases, including in stages I - II in 16 (37%) cases and in exophytic papillary forms in 16 (37%) cases. The significant difference was registered for the similar indicators of the control group (p = 0.036).
Successful experience of liver transplantation at the Samara Center of organ and tissue transplantation (a clinical case)
Authors: Kolsanov Aleksandr V. , Fatenkov Oleg V. , Mironov Aleksei A. , Myakotnykh Maksim N. , Pirogova Yuliya Y. , Grebennikov Vitalii V. , Tkebuchava Irina V. , Kharitonov Boris I.
Published: October 2020

Objective to summarize the available data on the liver transplantation (LT) case.
The work describes the indications and contraindications for LT, examination of a potential recipient before the operation, the maintenance of a waiting list. A clinical case is presented the first successful liver transplantation in the Samara Center of organ and tissue transplantation.
Autologous mesenchymal stem cells in treatment of liver cirrhosis: evaluation of effectiveness and visualization method
Authors: Kotkas Inna E. , Enukashvili Natella I. , Asadulayev Shamil M. , Chubar Anna V.
Published: October 2020

Through clinical observation, we present an assessment of the autologous mesenchymal stem cells effectiveness in treatment of liver cirrhosis of alimentary etiology. In order to determine the localization of the implanted cell structures, the stem cells were previously labeled with iron (II, III) oxide nanoparticles (IONPs). Further MRI visualization helped to detect the cell structures stained with iron oxide nanoparticles in the human body. In 6 months after the cell therapy, the patient underwent clinical and biochemical blood tests, MEGX test, elastography and subjective health assessment test. The tests data analysis revealed the improvement of the values of all examined parameters after the cell treatment. Also in 6 and 12 months after the treatment, a liver biopsy was performed from the area where the implanted stem cells were visualized. In histological examination of liver bioptates obtained from the area of MSC transplantation, the largest number of stained cells was observed in liver micronodes, as well as at the boundaries of micronodes and fibrous septa. A portion of the bioptate obtained in 12 months after transplantation was used to produce primary cell cultures. Before the first re-seeding of the cultures, cell colonies of both fibroblast-like morphology and epithelial were detected in them. Both types of colonies contained the particles.
Conducting the cell therapy to a patient with liver cirrhosis of alimentary etiology contributed to improving the laboratory and instrumental examinations indicators. The patient had come through the treatment procedure satisfactorily, no complications were registered.
Modern approach to the treatment of stage IV decubitus ulcers
Authors: Sonis Aleksandr G. , Fomin Anatolii V. , Ladonin Sergei V. , Sefedinova Maria Y. , Bezrukova Mariya A. , Alekseev Denis G.
Published: October 2020

Objective a retrospective assessment of the bedsores' features, the optimization of treatment tactics, evaluation of long-term treatment results.
Material and methods.The study group included 38 patients with stage IV decubitus ulcers according to the classification of AHCPR localized in the sacral region, the area of the ischial tuberosity and the greater trochanter.
Results.We determined the critical time intervals for the decubitus ulcers occurrence. It has been found that in most patients bedsores are remaining for a long period of time. The modern complex methods for the IV stage decubitus ulcers treatment with the plastics of the soft tissue defects revealed their reliably higher effectiveness.
Conclusion.The formation of bedsores most often occurs during the first month after the injury and three years after the injury. The treatment of patients with this pathology should be comprehensive and carried out in the well-equipped purulent surgery department by the specialists experienced in treating such patients. The plastic surgery by displaced blood-supplying flaps contributes to success in the treatment of stage IV bedsores.
Fibroblasts as the subject of proliferative activity research in vitro
Authors: Kuzmicheva Valeriya I. , Volova Larisa T. , Gilmiyarova Frida N. , Bykov Ilya M. , Avdeeva Elena V. , Kolotieva Natalya A.
Published: October 2020

This review presents the data devoted to anatomical and functional diversity of fibroblasts, peculiarities of metabolic processes and energy exchange in these cells.
In particular, the changes in fibroblast proliferative activity depending on various factors are discussed. The review shows the influence of the malate dehydrogenase shuttle system on the activity of metabolic processes and the life span of fibroblastsin vitro. The increase of cell cultivation timein vitrois associated with the cytosolic isoform of this enzyme.
The stability of fibroblast cell culture to the activation of free-radical processes and peroxidation with addition of biologically active compounds is described and followed by a discussion of the role of separate metabolites in providing free-radical protection and maintenance of the proliferative potential of cells.
COMMUNITY EDUCATION RELATED TO THE USE OF FAMILY MEDICINE PLANTS IN VILLAGE GIRIAWAS, GARUT DISTRICT, JAWA BARAT
Authors: Sriarumtias Framesti Frisma
Published: October 2020

Community service this time aims to motivate the community to utilize the house yard into land for family medicinal plants (TOGA). The method used is in the form of counseling and data collection on plants that are usually planted by residents. Counseling is done by lecturing by distributing reading material in the form of material handouts delivered. And data collection is done by discussing with the people who attended the event. The target of this service is the women of recitation in Giri Ayu Village, Giriawas Village, Garut Regency, West Java. The results of this community service are able to understand related to the utilization of family medicinal plants that can be used for prevention.
Health Education Program for Children in Godog Village-Garut As A Preventive Effort to the COVID-19 Virus
Authors: Rantika Nopi , Fitria Shilpa , N Kharisma Putri , Syiami Deska , Mulyani Dina
Published: October 2020

An epidemic of an acute respiratory disease called COVID-19 occurred at the end of 2019 in Wuhan (China) which spread throughout the world. COVID -19 can affect everyone from adults, the elderly, and children. So there needs to be education that is easy to carry out about Covid-19 and how to prevent it. This is the basis of the problem in encouraging community service activities so that they can be active in efforts to prevent COVID-19. The purpose of this educational activity is to prevent the spread of Covid-19 which is increasingly happening in Indonesia, so it is hoped that adults and children can take Covid-19 prevention. The method used during this activity is in the form of offline and online education to the surrounding community, where the material presented is in the form of proper handwashing and how to make hand sanitizers. As a result of the educational activities that have been carried out, there has been a significant change in the habits of the surrounding community where children can wash their hands properly and correctly, and for adults, especially local mothers can make hand sanitizers with the right natural ingredients to be used as emergency hand sanitizers. in daily activities.
Effect of Internal Audit Practices on Financial Performance of Banks in Ghana
Authors: Ofei Eleazer Fianko , Owusu Mark Andoh , Asante Carl Reindolph
Published: October 2020

Internal audit (IA) practices are considered as one of the key measures necessary for promoting healthy business activities. In this study, the researchers examine the effect of internal audit practices on the performance of banks in Ghana. The study used a sample of 154 respondents from 5 selected banks, the study adopted the quantitative research approach, data was analyzed using inferential statistical methods such as correlations and regression analysis. The study results indicate that there is a strong positive effect of monitoring, risk assessment and information and communication on the financial performance of banks in Ghana, whereas there was no significant effect of control environment and control activities on the financial performance of banks in Ghana. The study recommends that the management of banks should strengthen the control environment, by enhancing the policies and procedures adopted by the banks in safeguarding assets and properties, there is the need to continuously review the existing policies, procedures and activities performed to ensure that they have not outlived their usefulness in the wake of changing competitions and advancement in technology and management orientation.
Los delitos políticos y su diferenciación de los delitos comunes relacionados con la pertenencia, promoción y financiación de grupos armados ilegales
Authors:   Universidad Santiago de Cali, Tarapués Sandino Diego Fernando
Published: October 2020

El establecimiento de categorías delictivas generales representa un problema político-criminal y dogmático muy notorio a la hora de implementar y aplicar disposiciones normativas abstractas para brindar prerrogativas o para restringir el ejercicio de derechos. Esta es una problemática que justamente ha experimentado la categoría jurídica denominada como delito político, ya que tradicionalmente el ordenamiento constitucional ha dotado al delito político de unas prerrogativas que permiten afirmar la existencia de un tratamiento diferenciado frente al tratamiento ordinario que se le da al delito común.
Exilio y retorno imposible en el cono sur latinoamericano
Authors:   Universidad Santiago de Cali, Idrobo Enríquez Emilio José , Cruz Buitrago Jorge Armando ,   Universidad Santiago de Cali
Published: October 2020

En el presente capítulo se abordará el exilio y retorno imposible de algunos intelectuales y escritores del Cono Sur Latinoamericano, provocado por las dictaduras militares de los años setenta del siglo pasado, que gobernaron en esta franja del continente. Este trabajo se abarca desde un enfoque subjetivo o existencial del fenómeno, que logre trascender los análisis estadísticos y la aplicación casi deductiva de leyes generales y abstractas, con los que se suelen realizar muchas de las investigaciones sobre el tema. Por tal motivo, en la primera parte del texto nos serviremos de trabajos como los de Ermano Vitale (2006) y la llamada “lectura no hidráulica” de la migración. Seguidamente, se tomará en cuenta la tipología de migrantes que presenta en su obra, interesándonos particularmente la figura del refugiado y el apátrida, destacando la existencia de condiciones subjetivas presentes los tipos de migrantes: el dolor y el sufrimiento.
Relación entre el régimen internacional ambiental de protección de humedales y el régimen de cambio climático
Authors:   Universidad Santiago de Cali, Pacheco Yilly Vanessa
Published: October 2020

Este capítulo se deriva de la ponencia “Análisis del régimen internacional ambiental sobre protección de humedales y cambio climático”, presentada por la autora durante el II Congreso de la Red Colombiana de Derecho Internacional [ REDCOLDI]. Los ecosistemas de humedales son sistemas naturales que desarrollan importantes funciones ecológicas, sociales y culturales. Su protección jurídica, a nivel internacional, se consagra específicamente en el régimen conformado por la Convención Ramsar y las resoluciones de la Conferencia de las Partes [COP]. No obstante, debido a la interconexión de bienes ambientales, como los recursos hídricos, la biodiversidad y el sistema climático, es posible articular también otras normas de derecho internacional ambiental, que en esencia corresponden a regímenes internacionales específicos, pero que resultan complementarios a la protección de humedales, entre ellos, el régimen de cambio climático.
Aplicación de la doctrina del margen de apreciación en el contexto de justicia transicional colombiano
Authors:   Universidad Santiago de Cali, Giraldo Angel Laura Andrea , López Ramírez Ana Ines ,   Universidad Santiago de Cali
Published: October 2020

El presente trabajo de investigación pretende dilucidar un instrumento jurídico, como la doctrina del margen de apreciación, en relación con el deber de investigar, juzgar y sancionar las graves violaciones de derechos humanos en conexidad con los derechos de las víctimas a obtener verdad, justicia y reparación, en un contexto de justicia transicional. Para lograr ese propósito se proponen tres matices analíticos: el primero, conceptualiza el contexto de justicia transicional, el enfoque adoptado por Colombia y el marco legislativo en el que se sustenta; el segundo comprende, a grandes rasgos, la doctrina del margen de apreciación tanto en el Tribunal Europeo de Derechos Humanos [TEDH], como en la Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos [CIDH]; y el tercero desarrolla el margen de apreciación como mecanismo de defensa del Estado colombiano respecto del deber de investigar, juzgar y sancionar las graves violaciones de derechos humanos, en conexidad con los derechos de las víctimas a obtener verdad, justicia y reparación.
“VIDEO ASSISTED AWARENESS PROGRAMME ON ILL EFFECTS OF TOBACCO AND PAN-CHEWING AMONG MIGRANT LABOURERS”
Authors: Mathew Binu , K Rohisha I , Kumar Harish
Published: October 2020

Introduction: WHO initiates World No Tobacco Day 2020 global campaign on World No Tobacco Day on 31st May with the theme to make people aware about the ill effects of tobacco and reduce the disease burden in society. Aims: This study aimed to develop awareness among the migrant labourers regarding ill effects of tobacco and pan chewing. The objectives were to assess the tobacco and pan chewing habits, and effectiveness of video assisted teaching on knowledge regarding ill effects of tobacco and pan chewing among migrant labourers of Raipur district, Chhattisgarh. Methods and material: A community based cross-sectional study using experimental design was done to assess the effectiveness of video assisted teaching on knowledge regarding ill effects of tobacco and pan chewing. The demographic data, habits on tobacco and pan chewing and knowledge on ill effects of tobacco and pan chewing was assessed through interview method using a structured knowledge questionnaire. Results: Seventy percentage of the samples have inadequate knowledge regarding ill effects of tobacco/pan chewing and video assisted teaching was an effective intervention in improving the knowledge regarding ill effects of tobacco and pan chewing among migrant labourers. Conclusion: The study concluded that migrant labourers are unaware about the ill effects of tobacco/pan chewing and awareness programmes can be implemented to motivate them. Video assisted teaching was one such intervention which was found effective in improving awareness.
PSYCHOSOCIAL PROBLEMS AMONG ADOLESCENTS:A COMPARISON BETWEEN URBAN AND RURAL HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS OF DEHRADUN
Authors: Sharma Ashwani , Aggarwal Shantanu , Mohanty Saumya , Ohri Puneet , Gupta S. K
Published: October 2020

Introduction:- Adolescence is the transitional stage of development between childhood and adulthood. Hall denoted this period as “Storm and Stress” and states “conflict at this developmental stage is normal” leading to psychosocial problems. This study is conducted to compare the psychosocial problems between adolescents in urban and rural area.
Material and methods:- A Cross-sectional study was done in November 2018 in rural and urban schools of Dehradun. Data was collected through a structured questionnaire and analysed using Epi info software.
Results:- A total of 170 students participated in the study out of which 111 were males and 59 females. Psychosocial problems were seen in 11.2% of study participants (11.7% in males and 10.1% in females.
Conclusion and recommendations:- Psychosocial problems were seen on rise among adolescents and needs to be addressed at school level.
A HISTOPATHOLOGICAL STUDY OF LEPROSY ALONG WITH CLINICAL CORRELATION.
Authors: Vahini Gudeli , Swathi C. , UmaRani P. , Niharika G.Mary , Asha T.
Published: October 2020

Background: Leprosy or Hansen’s disease is a chronic infectious disease that mainly affects skin and peripheral nerves. Histopathology and demonstration of lepra bacilli is an essential tool to supplement clinical examination and diagnosis for correct classification and therefore treatment of patients.
Aim: To study histopathology of leprosy cases and identify histological types in patients in a tertiary care centre, Asram hospital in Eluru.
Materials and Methods: 18 skin biopsies diagnosed as leprosy over a period of two years from January 2018 to December 2019 were studied. Haematoxylin-eosin and Fite-Faraco staining for demonstrating lepra bacilli were done.
Results: Male to female ratio of patients was 4.5:1. Maximum number of cases was seen in the 3rd and fourth decades of life. The commonest histological type was borderline tuberculoid (5 cases, 28%) and indeterminate type, lepromatous type (3 cases, 16%); followed by tuberculoid leprosy and erythema nodosum leprosum (2 cases, 11%), the least common cases were of lepromatous leprosy to borderline tuberculoid leprosy (1cases, 6%). The most common site was upper limb (26%). All 3/18(24%) patients with affected nerves showed ulnar and auricular nerve involvement. Hypopigmented, anaesthetic plaque was the commonest clinical feature followed by erythematous lesions. All cases of borderline tuberculoid, borderline lepromatous, lepromatous, midboderline and indeterminate showed acid-fast bacilli on Fite stain. Tuberculoid cases showed well-formed granulomas, borderline tuberculoid type showed additional feature of giant cells and lepromatous types showed grenz zone and no granulomas.
Conclusion: Histopathological examination is the gold standard for accurate diagnosis and typing of leprosy. It should be done in all leprosy cases presenting to the clinician.
An EEG investigation on planning human-robot handover tasks
Authors: Cooper Sara , Gow Stuart , F.P.Fensome Samuel , Dragone Mauro , Kourtis Dimitrios
Published: October 2020

Human-robot joint action is a key requirement in many advanced robotic applications where robots are not only

expected to work alongside humans but also collaborate with them in the performance of physical tasks. Robots are already programmed to model and predict human actions in order to ensure smooth collaboration and overall task efficiency. However, little is known on how humans represent and account for robot’s actions as part of their own plans. This paper presents a first joint psychological and HRI user study designed to answer this question in the context of human-robot handover scenarios.

Our analysis showed that the participants had a positive userexperience of the interaction and adopted gaze patterns similar to a large extent to the ones in human-to-human handover tasks.

The EEG analysis suggests that, compared to solo action, the human participants were at a state of higher motor readiness when they prepared to hand over the object to the robot either because they represented the robot’s action in advance or alternatively that they anticipated that passing the object to the robot would be a more effortful action, thus highlighting the increased demands in planning a human-to-robot interaction.

Our findings highlight the value of gaze as a positive method of non-verbal communication in HRI and provides new insights in the neural mechanisms that allows a person to plan an effective interaction with a robot.
Ultra-Broadband Interleaver for Extreme Wavelength Scaling in Silicon Photonic Links
Authors: Rizzo Anthony , Cheng Qixiang , Daudlin Stuart , Bergman Keren
Published: October 2020

We demonstrate an ultra-broadband silicon photonic interleaver capable of interleaving and de-interleaving frequency comb lines over a 125 nm bandwidth in the extended C- and L-bands. We use a ring-assisted asymmetric Mach Zehnder interferometer to achieve a flat-top passband response while maintaining a compact device footprint. The device has a 400 GHz free spectral range to divide an optical frequency comb with 200 GHz channel spacing into two output groups, each with a channel spacing of 400 GHz, yielding a potential capacity of 78 total wavelength-division multiplexed channels between 1525 nm and 1650 nm. This device represents an important step towards realizing highly parallel integrated optical links with broadband frequency comb sources within the silicon photonics platform.