bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The use of native yeasts to improve the organoleptic characteristics and yield of artisanal mezcal
Authors: Carrasco-López Amairany , Romero-Ramírez Yanet , López-Barrera José A. , Moreno-Terrazas-Casildo Rubén D. , Ramírez-Peralta Arturo , Patricio-Hernández Alberto , FORERO FORERO ANGELA VICTORIA , Toribio-Jiménez Jeiry
Published: May 2024

Objective: To assess the use of native yeasts on the yield and on the organoleptic characteristics of artisanal mezcal in Guerrero, Mexico.
Design/Methodology/Approach: Native yeasts from fermentation vats containing Agave angustifolia and A. cupreata were subjected to molecular isolation and identification in three regions of the state of Guerrero. A consortium of yeasts was designed and used to produce artisanal mezcal, using A. cupreata as a substrate. The experimental mezcal (with yeasts) and the control (without yeasts, only producer lore) were compared. Finally, the physicochemical and sensory characteristics of the final product were assessed at the Concours Mondial de Bruxelles 2020.
Results: S. cerevisiae A5GM, T. delbrueckii A6GM, S. cerevisiae A3GM, and K. marxianus A2GM were identified and used in a consortium that produced 46% more yield (8.3 kg L-1 compared to 10.5 kg L-1). The mezcal produced with this consortium obtained the Grand Gold medal based on its sensory characteristics.
Study Limitations/Implications: To work with the producer in both systems with and without yeast.
Findings/Conclusions: The consortium improved the production yield by 26%, along with the sensory characteristics; therefore, the use of native yeasts is feasible and recommended for the improvement of processes in the production of artisanal mezcal from Guerrero.
Desarrollo y educación del talento en adolescentes
Authors:   Universidad de Guadalajara, Valadez Sierra María de los Dolores , Valencia Abundiz Silvia
Published: May 2024

La atención a los alumnos que presentan aptitudes sobresalientes y talentos gana cada vez más el interés y la ocupación de los profesionales relacionados con disciplinas de la educación, de los gobiernos, la sociedad, y las familias de los propios alumnos. En esta obra, investigadores y profesionales de la educación, nacionales y extranjeros, hablan sobre diversos tópicos en torno a la atención que requieren los alumnos con aptitudes sobresalientes y talentos: las cualidades de dichos alumnos, la atención que necesitan en la escuela secundaria, la ayuda escolar y el enriquecimiento para su desarrollo a través de oportunidades extraescolares.
The Transparency in Nurses’ Work Environment and the Patient Safety
Authors: AlRashidi Maryam Khalaf , Al Harbi Mohamed
Published: May 2024

Transparency in nursing work environments is pivotal for enhancing patient safety and improving care quality. This study aims to identify work-related factors that influence nursing transparency and patient safety in a hospital setting. Employing a quantitative, non-experimental descriptive approach, this study surveyed 260 nurses from a pool of 800 at an educational hospital using an electronic questionnaire. The questionnaire assessed patient safety indicators, incident reporting transparency, work environment, and perceptions of patient safety culture. Data were analyzed using SPSS. The research highlights a significant correlation between work environments and transparency in incident reporting. Results indicated that better work environments are associated with higher levels of transparency and safety culture perception. The study also found that personal involvement in errors was underreported, suggesting a gap in the desired transparent culture. Enhancing the nursing work environment is crucial for improving transparency and patient safety, and strategic improvements in these areas can significantly bolster overall healthcare quality.
Live Experiences of Former Gang Members in Cebu City, Philippines
Authors: Anthony Albofera , Dodelon F. Sabijon  , Yolanda Sayson  , Esmiraldo Damuag  , Rover NIllama
Published: May 2024

This paper explores the lived experiences of former gang members in Cebu City. Specifically, it determined the following: experiences of the informants as former gang members, including the reasons why they join, stay and leave the group and the impact of gang membership of the informants as former gang members. This study employed a qualitative method of research employing a phenomenological approach that involves qualitative analysis and assessment of themes derived from semi-structured interviews and follow up questions has been made and with an aid with interview guide, observation and exploring the lived experiences of former gang members. The study was conducted in highly urbanized cities, namely Cebu City, Mandaue City, Lapu-Lapu City and Talisay City. A purposive convenient sampling was employed to select the informants. There were fourteen (14) informants in the study. Fifteen (6) emergent themes were created. For the experiences of former gang members on reasons why they join the gang, three themes emerged, namely: Personal Safety, Peer pressure, and lastly, Broken Homes. For the reasons why they stay in the gang, two themes emerged, namely: Give and Earn Money, The Thug Lifestyle, and More Fun and Happiness. For the reasons why they leave the group, three themes emerged, namely: Family and Job Responsibilities, Realization to Have a Happy and Peaceful life; and In-group Rivalry. Regarding the impact of gang membership and the positive experiences of the informants as former gang members, three themes emerged: A sense of Belongingness, Develop Respect and Trust, and School Achiever. Regarding the negative experiences, three themes emerged: Gang War and Violence, Crime Involvement, and Incarceration. The community must create and sustain a collaborative process for working toward a community free of gang membership and violence. This includes providing a clearinghouse for information on resources, strategies, services, best practices, and funding to prevent, intervene and suppress gang violence.
Collaboration as Innovative Teaching and Learning Strategy: A Case Study of Integrated Marketing Communication (COM2014) for Quality Education Sustainability (SDG4)
Authors: Azudin Norizzati
Published: May 2024

This paper explores a course taught by School of Arts at Sunway University Malaysia, for second year Bachelor of Communication and Bachelor of Advertising and Branding students. The course focuses on planning and executing marketing campaign using various communication channels like the social media. The assessments given are coursework based and no final examination as it is believed that courseworks are able to measure a greater range of abilities than exam (Kniveton, 1996). Besides, coursework marks are a better predictor of long-term learning of course than exams (Gibbs & Simpson, 2004). This is due to the experience they gained from conducting the coursework will enable students to practice the knowledge in their work-life. This paper is case study research done by the instructor herself, after teaching this course for several years, and changed the assessment to suits the up-to-date market demand. Collaboration for the course was signed in a Memorandum of Understanding to give students opportunity of full experience in running actual campaigns with the university’s industry partner, Sunway Malls because collaboration will be an essential skill for students this era (Redecker et al., 2011). Assessments were improvised as literature shows that as a teacher, the lecturer can alter those approaches in her curriculum mix when evidence says they are not working (Pearson, 2003). Researcher used systematic literature review to reveal the investigation, followed by action research approach, through observation and interviews data collection. The results showed several constructs like communication, collaboration, and coordination importance for the sustainability of education, including the course COM2014.
New Perceptions and Identities in Media Narratives
Authors: Mohd. Nasseri Edina
Published: May 2024

Communication has existed since the beginning of mankind. Over the years, its practices have evolved, becoming more and more sophisticated but its principal motive has remained the same; to effectively spread messages. As one of the arms of communication, mass media has evolved to become a dominant force for the dissemination of information. The implication of this is that not only have our modes of communication evolved, but the ways in which we view each other in the global community has also altered our phenomenological experience of everyday life. Marshall McLuhan describes this as the ‘global village’ where traditional barriers of time and space have been broken and bridged. The inevitable march of human civilization towards technology has brought about the information age where the reliance on mass media is more a rule than an option. We no longer live with mass media, but we live within its confines. This in turn affects the way that we process information including cultural stimuli and the entire architecture of human thought. The ubiquity of mass media has created an environment where mass media not only dictates norms but also reflects human behavior creating a new reality that is not only framed, but also made immediate by it. This means that as we become more and more entrenched in the realities created by mass media, we begin to become blasé of the ways it shapes and dictates our lives.
A Comparative Study on the Character Modeling of Chinese Shadow Play and Malaysian Wayang Kulit
Authors: Li Yan
Published: May 2024

The shadow play cultures of China and Malaysia have a long history and rich cultural connotations, both of which belong to folk art forms. Due to the origin of shadow play culture and the differences in cultures between the two countries, the character designs of shadow play have formed unique regional cultures. This article mainly compares the character styles of shadow play between the two countries, summarizes the similarities and differences in artistic forms of shadow play, and showcases the beauty of different styles. In Chinese shadow play culture, the modelling of characters is usually related to historical stories or myths and legends. The modelling of characters includes the modelling techniques of Paper Cuttings and the colour shading of New Year pictures. In Malaysia's shadow play culture, shadow play is called "Wayang Kulit" and was introduced in Java, Indonesia. Generally, it portrays mythological stories about Hinduism, which is closely related to Java, Indonesia, which originated mainly from Hinduism. Regardless of the culture, the unique shapes and characteristics of shadow play characters can attract the audience's attention, show cultural value in character design, and help the audience better understand and feel the meaning of the characters in shadow play. Finally, through research, promote cultural exchange, dissemination, and promotion of shadow play between the two countries.
Vadregényes élettér : lakás mint városi identitás
Authors: Szabó Árpád
Published: May 2024

Bécs város lakossága az 1990-es évek eleji 1,55 millió főről mára közel 1,9 millióra növekedett. A fejlődés részben köthető ahhoz, hogy az EU lisszaboni [1] stratégiájának elveire építve a város versenyképes, ugyanakkor nyitott, szociálisan befogadó gazdasági modell felé tett lépéseket a 2000-es évek elejétől, de köszönhető annak is, hogy az Európai Unió keleti bővítésének eredményeképpen a város új regionális szerepkörbe került, és a gazdasági források mellett a kelet-európai lakosság beáramlásának egyik célpontja is lett. A növekedés lehetőségeit kihasz nálva a város fenntarthatóságot és élhetőséget támogató elveket vezetett be. A kompakt város logikája mentén szerveződő városfejlesztés mellett a „Vörös Bécs” szociális lakásépítési hagyományának megújításával igazságos és megfizethető lakhatási modell megvalósítását indították el, mely meghatározó tényező abban, hogy a város évtizedek óta az élen végez a nemzetközi élhető városi rangsorokban is. Ma Bécsben a teljes lakásszektoron belül a szociális lakások részaránya 44%, a háztartások közel 23 százaléka az önkormányzat által biztosított szociális bérlakásokban, 21 százaléka pedig lakásszövet- kezetek által biztosított szociális lakásokban él, [2] és mai napig Ausztria legnagyobb főbérlője Bécs városa, közel 220 000 kiadott lakóingatlannal.
Mức độ đáp ứng nhu cầu về trình độ, kỹ năng nghề nghiệp của lao động trực tiếp: Bằng chứng thực nghiệm tại thành phố Hồ Chí Minh
Authors: Phạm Minh Tiến , Lê Trung Đạo
Published: May 2024

Nghiên cứu nhằm phân tích mức độ đáp ứng nhu cầu của người lao động trực tiếp về trình độ, kỹ năng nghề nghiệp của 4 ngành công nghiệp trọng điểm trên địa bàn Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh. Bộ dữ liệu khảo sát gồm 50 doanh nghiệp và 365 lao động trực tiếp sản xuất của 4 ngành công nghiệp trọng yếu đang hoạt động tại Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh. Thông qua phương pháp phân tích thống kê mô tả, kiểm định so sánh cặp và mô hình IPA&AEG, kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy (1) nhu cầu về Kỹ năng nhận thức, kỹ năng xã hội và hành vi là nhóm kỹ năng được doanh nghiệp quan tâm nhiều nhất; (2) đây cũng là nhóm kỹ năng có mức độ đáp ứng thấp nhất so với nhu cầu của doanh nghiệp; (3) trình độ, kỹ năng của người lao động đáp ứng cho công việc hiện tại, tuy nhiên vẫn chưa đáp ứng tương xứng với nhu cầu của doanh nghiệp. Thông qua mô hình IPA&AEG, các thành phần trình độ, kỹ năng được sơ đồ hóa, từ đó làm cơ sở hình thành các gợi ý hành động.
HARMONI KEBERAGAMAAN: ANALISIS KEBERAGAMAAN INKLUSIF DALAM BHAGAWADGĪTĀ DAN IMPLIKASINYA PADA KEHIDUPAN MANUSIA DALAM KONTEKS GLOBAL
Authors: Arya Juni Arta I Gede , Darsana I Made
Published: May 2024

This research is a literature study or library research. The method of data analysis uses a hermeneutical approach conducted reflectively through philosophy. This study articulates that inclusive religiosity is crucial in the current global era to create a peaceful, secure, and harmonious life. Inclusive religiosity views all religions as having the same position, truth, and purpose, originating from the Supreme God. Plurality is a necessity as different paths to reach the same truth, as each seeker of truth has unique characteristics. Based on the research findings, it is revealed that inclusive religiosity in the Bhagavadgītā has at least three implications: first, it opens up a space for interreligious dialogue grounded in awareness of the Nirguṇa and Saguṇa Brahman dimensions. The consciousness between these two opens up an inclusive space with a shared understanding that each religion has its own characteristics and conceptualizations that cannot be forced into uniformity, but rather the substance of truth in each religion is eternal (directed towards the One God). Second, it builds a shared consciousness (global ethics) through collective ethical awareness of love and non-violence, crucially established to address the current crises of justice and peace. Third, it strengthens unity among humans through brotherhood irrespective of race and religion, as a unity of the family of the universe.
Ortaokul ve Lise Öğrencilerinin Nöbetçi Öğretmen Algılarının Örtük Program Bağlamında İncelenmesi
Authors: Özer Ayşe , Şad Süleyman Nihat
Published: May 2024

Bu araştırmada nöbetçi öğretmenlerin ortaokul ve lise öğrencileri tarafından nasıl algılandığının metaforlar yoluyla ortaya konulması ve bu algıların örtük program açısından incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Nitel araştırma yönteminin benimsendiği çalışmada olgubilim deseni kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın verileri amaçlı örnekleme yöntemlerinden tipik örnekleme yöntemine uygun olarak 2020-2021 eğitim-öğretim yılında Malatya ili merkez ilçe belediye sınırları içerisinde yer alan üç ortaokul ve üç lisede öğrenim gören 286 öğrenciden toplanmıştır. Araştırmaya katılan öğrencilerden açık uçlu bir anket formu yardımıyla “Nöbetçi öğretmen … benzer çünkü …” cümlesindeki boşlukları tamamlamaları istenmiştir. Elde edilen verilerin analizinde içerik analizi yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Yapılan analizler sonucunda öğrencilerin nöbetçi öğretmene ilişkin algılarının örtük program bağlamında ele alındığı güven verme, görev bilinci ve çalışkanlık, yardımseverlik, öğretmene yönelik olumsuz tutum, rehberlik, bilgili olma, okul kurallarını öğrenme, özgürlüğün kısıtlanması, dıştan denetim, adil olma ve duyarsızlık olmak üzere toplam 11 temaya ulaşılmıştır.
The effect of special exercises using the visual stimuli device on the speed of motor response, visual tracking, the skills of cutting and dispersing the ball, and various defensive movements for young handball players
Authors: Jamel Lamia , Majeed Widad
Published: May 2024

The research is significant because it aims to improve the speed of motor response and visual tracking through targeted exercises using the visual stimuli device that the two researchers created as part of the training program for the sample. This program also supports the individual defensive movements of the players, which are exemplified by the skills of cutting and dispersing the ball and other defensive movements for young handball players. Regarding the research issue, the researchers observed a deficiency in the players' defensive performance, which manifests as slow movement and reaction to the ball's movement. This deficiency could be attributed to a lack of interest in handball player training programs as well as a weakness in visual abilities and motor response speed to the attacker's and the ball's movement. Preparing unique workouts with visual stimuli to enhance young handball players' motor reaction speed, visual tracking abilities, ball-cutting and ball-dispersing capabilities, and defensive maneuvers is one of the research's goals. The research population was purposefully selected and sampled; specifically, the goalkeepers, who numbered two, were omitted, and the youth players of the Diyala Handball Club for the 2022–2023 sports season, numbered eighteen. As a result, the sample size increased to sixteen participants, who were split into eight players, representing the experimental group, and eight players, representing the control group, at random (even and odd numbers). After conducting an exploratory experiment on two handball players, the researchers came to the conclusion that the experimental study sample's development of visual tracking and motor reaction speed was positively impacted by workouts on the visual stimulus device. The researchers suggest that in order to improve handball players' efficiency, it is imperative to engage in visual stimulus workouts that enhance skill performance and physical and visual capacities.
Kinerja Lingkungan, Biaya Lingkungan, Pengungkapan Lingkungan dan Nilai Perusahaan
Authors: Subaida Ida , Pramitasari Triska Dewi
Published: May 2024

Masyarakat semakin kritis dalam memandang permasalahan linkungan. Masyarakat menuntut bahwa kerusakan lingkungan yang diakibatkan oleh kegiatan perusahaan harus menjadi tanggungjawab perusahaan. Perusahaan dituntuk untuk lebih memperhatikan pemeliharaan lingkungan. Perusahaan tidak hanya dihadapkan pada konsep yang berfokus pada aspek ekonomi atau keuangan, namun juga lingkungan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis nilai perusahaan (NP) dari aspek langsung dari kinerja lingkungan (KL) dan biaya lingkungan (BL) maupun yang dimoderasi oleh pengungkapan lingkungan (PL). Semua perusahaan yang termasuk dalam kategori LQ45 dan mendapat peringkat dari PROPER merupakan  populasi penelitian ini. Hasil penelitian ini adalah KL dan BL tidak berpengaruh terhadap NP, namun terbukti dapat memperkuat hubungan KL dan NP serta BL dan NP.
Pengaruh Sharia Marketing Mix, Celebrity Endorser dan Kepercayaan Konsumen Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian
Authors: Azizah Saila , Mashudi Mashudi , Asiyah Binti Nur
Published: May 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi keputusan pembelian. Variabel independen terdiri dari Bauran Pemasaran Syariah (X1), Celebrity Endorser (X2) dan Kepercayaan Konsumen (X3). Variabel terikatnya adalah Keputusan Pembelian pada pengguna shopee. Sampel sebanyak 85 responden diambil dengan menggunakan teknik sampling insidental. Analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi berganda, diperoleh hasil Y = 6,708 + 0,308 X¬1 + 0,405 X2 + 0,207 X3. Berdasarkan uji f dan uji t diperoleh hasil bahwa variabel Bauran Pemasaran Syariah, Celebrity Endorser, dan Kepercayaan Konsumen berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap Keputusan Pembelian. Diperoleh pula koefisien determinasi (R2) sebesar 0,816 yang berarti koefisien model ini menunjukkan sebesar 81. 6% keputusan pembelian konsumen pengguna shopee dipengaruhi oleh tiga variabel independen yaitu Bauran Pemasaran Syariah, Celebity Endorser, dan Kepercayaan Konsumen. sedangkan sisanya 18,4% dipengaruhi oleh variabel lain.
PBL Pengaruh Aktivitas Belajar Dalam Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning (PBL), dan Motivasi Terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa Kelas VIII IPS di SMP Negeri 12 Malang
Authors: Naim Naim , Fandyansari Melisa Wahyu
Published: May 2024

Aktivitas belajar merupakan kegiatan-kegiatan siswa yang menunjang keberhasilan dalam belajar. Aktivitas belajar berhubungan dengan masalah belajar seperti menulis, mencatat, memandang, membaca, mengingat, berpikir, latihan, praktek dan sebagainya, kemudian motivasi   belajar   adalah   dorongan   dan   kekuatan   dalam   diri seseorang untuk  melakukan  tujuan  tertentu  yang  ingin  dicapainya, dengan  kata  lain  motivasi belajar dapat  diartikan  sebagai  suatu  dorongan  yang  ada  pada  diri  seseorang  sehingga  seseorang  mau melakukan    aktivitas    atau    kegiatan   belajar   guna   mendapatkan   beberapa   keterampilan   dan pengalaman. Hasil belajar dapat diartikan sebagai tingkat keberhasilan siswa dalam mempelajari materi pelajaran di sekolah yang dinyatakan dalam skor yang diperoleh dari hasil tes mengenal jumlah materi pelajaran tertentu. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui pengaruh aktivitas belajar dalam model pembelajaran problem based learning (PBL) dan motivasi belajar terhadap hasil belajar siswa, untuk mengetahui pengaruh aktivitas belajar dalam model pembelajaran problem based learning (PBL) terhadap hasil belajar siswa, untuk mengetahui pengaruh motivasi terhadap hasil belajar siswa. Model yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini ialah kuantitatif. Populasi penelitian ialah siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 12 Kota Malang. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan ialah uji asumsi klasik, uji regresi linier berganda, pengujian t dan pengujian F. Instrument pengumpulan data menggunakan angket atau kuisioner yang diberikan kepada responden untuk diisi. Hasil uji analisis data menyatakan bahwa kompetensi guru dan fasilitas belajar berpengaruh positif dan signifikan dalam hasil belajar siswa. Terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara aktivitas belajar dalam model pembelajaran problem based learning (PBL) dan motivasi terhadap hasil belajar siswa kelas VIII di SMP Negeri 12 Malang.
Pengaruh Brand Awareness dan Brand Image Shopee Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Produk Pada Mahasiswa
Authors: Ulfah Qunita , Ariza A Firsa , Rezeki Yuliarti
Published: May 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh Brand awareness dan Brand image Shopee secara parsial dan simultan terhadap keputusan pembelian produk pada Mahasiswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian eksplanatori (explanatory research). Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 86 mahasiswa. Penelitian membuktikan berdasarkan uji secara parsial (uji-t) bahwa variabel Brand awareness (X1) berpengaruh signifikan terhadap keputusan Pembelian (Y) dengan nilai t hitung 2.671 > t tabel 1,988 dan variabel Brand image (X2) berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Keputusan Pembelian (Y) dengan t hitung 7.776 > t tabel 1,988. Adapun hasil uji secara simultan (uji F) variable Brand awareness (X1) dan Brand image (X2) berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Keputusan Pembelian (Y) dengan nilai F hitung 110,682 > F tabel 3,11.
PENGARUH PENGETAHUAN INVESTASI, MOTIVASI INVESTASI, DAN LITERASI KEUANGAN TERHADAP MINAT INVESTASI MAHASISWA
Authors: Masya Masya'il Abidah , Wulan Suryandani
Published: May 2024

The aim of the research carried out was to determine the influence of investment knowledge, invesment motivation and financial literacy on the investment interest of YPPI Rembang University Management Study Program student in the capital market. The research population was students of the YPPI Rembang University Management Study Program. Sampling Using propotional random sampling sample of 70 respondents. Data analysis used multiple liniear regression with SPPS 24.0. The research results show that the investment motivation and finacial literacy variables have a positive effect on students’ invesment intentions, while the investment knowledge variables has a positive effect on students’ invesment intentions, but has no significant. The Adjusted R value shows a value of 0,583. This means that the three independent variables, namely investment knowledge, investment motivation and financial literacy, are only able to explain 58,3%, of investment, while 41,7% can be explained by variables out side this.
Making Sense of Internal Divisions within the African National Congress and Democratic Alliance on the Eve of the 2024 South African General Election
Authors: Walsh Michael
Published: May 2024

The upcoming South African general election is likely to lead to significant changes in the transactional and contextual environments of South African political parties. The African National Congress (ANC) is a good example. It remains to be seen if Jacob Zuma can recapture the ANC from Cyril Ramaphosa or if he will be permanently expelled from the party for his support of the MK Party. Either way, there will likely be much greater clarity around whether Zuma counts as an internal or external actor in the aftermath of the election.
Pelatihan Pembuatan Rangka Mesin Pemotong dan Pengupas Bawang Merah untuk Petani Ds. Banaran Wetan, Bagor - Nganjuk
Authors: Cahyono Hiding , Hendarti Devina Rosa , Setyawan Deny , Sektiono M. Wisnu Arif , Nurlina Nila
Published: May 2024

Bawang merah merupakan sayuran rempah yang sering digunakan masyarakat dalam mengolah makanan. Petani di Desa Banaran Wetan, Bagor, Nganjuk dalam mengolah hasil panen bawang merah masih menggunakan dengan cara tradisional dan membutuhkan waktu lama. Solusi dadi permasalahan tersebut adalah membuat alat pemotong dan pengupas bawang merah. Dari alat tersebut, terdapat rangka yang bisa di buat pelatihan kepada petani.
Contested Commensuration: The case of a valuation instrument for historical buildings
Authors: Van der Schoor Tineke C. , Peine Alexander , Van Lente Harro
Published: May 2024

Environmental values are becoming increasingly important in restoration of historical buildings, while energy interventions can seriously damage historical qualities. Cultural-historical values and environmental values are often considered difficult to commensurate, with energy engineers and heritage experts adhering to widely differing values and relating to different discourses. Valuation instruments are devised to deal with such value conflicts in restoration projects. In this article we study what such instruments perform in the case of assessing historical buildings. We ask how these instruments work, and how they afford, support and guide valuation processes? Furthermore, we enquire what is achieved and what is lost in the reconciliation of values. Theoretically, we start from the notion of commensuration, which allows comparison of values through a shared metric. Empirically, this research note examines the history and use of DuMo, an instrument that aims to reconcile cultural – historical and environmental values and provides a range of sustainable restoration strategies. We find that DuMo indeed performs commensuration of these conflicting values, but also keeps intact the epistemic authority of the two professions. Our claim thus is that valuation instruments can successfully perform commensuration while at the same being contested by involved professionals.
Striatal cholinergic interneuron development in models of DYT1 dystonia
Authors: Miterko-Myers Lauren N.
Published: May 2024

Dystonia is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by severe involuntary twisting movements, hypothesized to arise from a dysfunctional motor network involving the cortex, basal ganglia, and cerebellum. Within this network, striatal cholinergic interneurons have been identified as possible contributors to dystonia pathophysiology. However, little is known about striatal cholinergic interneuron development in the mammalian brain, limiting our understanding of its role in dystonia and therapeutic potential. Here, I review striatal cholinergic interneuron development in the context of early-onset DYT1 (or “DYT-TOR1A”) dystonia. I discuss clinical and laboratory research findings that support cholinergic dysfunction in DYT1 dystonia and the implications of abnormal cholinergic cell development on disease penetrance and striatal connectivity.
Navigating occupational safety and health challenges in sustainable infrastructure projects: a comprehensive review
Authors: Baghdadi Ahmad
Published: May 2024

Ensuring occupational safety and health (OSH) is paramount in infrastructure projects due to their inherently high-risk nature and the increased likelihood of accidents. Despite its importance, numerous obstacles impede the successful adoption of OSH measures in these settings. Addressing these challenges is key to not only implementing OSH protocols effectively but also to improving working conditions and managing other operational facets like quality and environmental concerns, ultimately resulting in better infrastructure developments. Adopting proactive OSH strategies is crucial for preventing significant accidents and fostering a safety culture within infrastructure projects. This review focuses on identifying the primary obstacles and barriers to effective OSH in infrastructure projects, laying the groundwork for improving safety performance in the sector. It highlights organizational and legislative issues as the foremost challenges due to their direct impact on safety culture, resource distribution, compliance, and accountability. Although factors related to environmental and safety practices are deemed less critical, they are nonetheless vital for comprehensive risk management and the promotion of a safe working environment. Tackling these issues is imperative for cultivating a strong safety culture and safeguarding the health of workers on infrastructure projects. It is also essential to acknowledge the distinct OSH challenges presented by different construction scenarios to devise customized safety measures and effectively reduce risks. This review emphasizes the necessity of recognizing the unique aspects of each construction project, addressing specific dangers, and meeting regulatory demands to achieve thorough safety management.
Investigation into the restoration of TRPM3 ion channel activity in post-COVID-19 condition: a potential pharmacotherapeutic target
Authors: Sasso Etianne Martini , Muraki Katsuhiko , Eaton-Fitch Natalie , Smith Peter , Jeremijenko Andrew , Griffin Paul , Marshall-Gradisnik Sonya
Published: May 2024

Introduction

Recently, we reported that post COVID-19 condition patients also have Transient Receptor Potential Melastatin 3 (TRPM3) ion channel dysfunction, a potential biomarker reported in natural killer (NK) cells from Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) patients. As there is no universal treatment for post COVID-19 condition, knowledge of ME/CFS may provide advances to investigate therapeutic targets. Naltrexone hydrochloride (NTX) has been demonstrated to be beneficial as a pharmacological intervention for ME/CFS patients and experimental investigations have shown NTX restored TRPM3 function in NK cells. This research aimed to: i) validate impaired TRPM3 ion channel function in post COVID-19 condition patients compared with ME/CFS; and ii) investigate NTX effects on TRPM3 ion channel activity in post COVID-19 condition patients.

Methods

Whole-cell patch-clamp was performed to characterize TRPM3 ion channel activity in freshly isolated NK cells of post COVID-19 condition (N = 9; 40.56 ± 11.26 years), ME/CFS (N = 9; 39.33 ± 9.80 years) and healthy controls (HC) (N = 9; 45.22 ± 9.67 years). NTX effects were assessed on post COVID-19 condition (N = 9; 40.56 ± 11.26 years) and HC (N = 7; 45.43 ± 10.50 years) where NK cells were incubated for 24 hours in two protocols: treated with 200 µM NTX, or non-treated; TRPM3 channel function was assessed with patch-clamp protocol.

Results

This investigation confirmed impaired TRPM3 ion channel function in NK cells from post COVID-19 condition and ME/CFS patients. Importantly, PregS-induced TRPM3 currents were significantly restored in NTX-treated NK cells from post COVID-19 condition compared with HC. Furthermore, the sensitivity of NK cells to ononetin was not significantly different between post COVID-19 condition and HC after treatment with NTX.

Discussion

Our findings provide further evidence identifying similarities of TRPM3 ion channel dysfunction between ME/CFS and post COVID-19 condition patients. This study also reports, for the first time, TRPM3 ion channel activity was restored in NK cells isolated from post COVID-19 condition patients after in vitro treatment with NTX. The TRPM3 restoration consequently may re-establish TRPM3-dependent calcium (Ca2+) influx. This investigation proposes NTX as a potential therapeutic intervention and TRPM3 as a treatment biomarker for post COVID-19 condition.
KMT2D regulates activation, localization, and integrin expression by T-cells
Authors: Potter Sarah J. , Zhang Li , Kotliar Michael , Wu Yuehong , Schafer Caitlin , Stefan Kurtis , Boukas Leandros , Qu’d Dima , Bodamer Olaf , Simpson Brittany N. , Barski Artem , Lindsley Andrew W. , Bjornsson Hans T.
Published: May 2024

Individuals with Kabuki syndrome present with immunodeficiency; however, how pathogenic variants in the gene encoding the histone-modifying enzyme lysine methyltransferase 2D (KMT2D) lead to immune alterations remain poorly understood. Following up on our prior report of KMT2D-altered integrin expression in B-cells, we performed targeted analyses of KMT2D’s influence on integrin expression in T-cells throughout development (thymocytes through peripheral T-cells) in murine cells with constitutive- and conditional-targeted Kmt2d deletion. Using high-throughput RNA-sequencing and flow cytometry, we reveal decreased expression (both at the transcriptional and translational levels) of a cluster of leukocyte-specific integrins, which perturb aspects of T-cell activation, maturation, adhesion/localization, and effector function. H3K4me3 ChIP-PCR suggests that these evolutionary similar integrins are under direct control of KMT2D. KMT2D loss also alters multiple downstream programming/signaling pathways, including integrin-based localization, which can influence T-cell populations. We further demonstrated that KMT2D deficiency is associated with the accumulation of murine CD8+ single-positive (SP) thymocytes and shifts in both human and murine peripheral T-cell populations, including the reduction of the CD4+ recent thymic emigrant (RTE) population. Together, these data show that the targeted loss of Kmt2d in the T-cell lineage recapitulates several distinct features of Kabuki syndrome-associated immune deficiency and implicates epigenetic mechanisms in the regulation of integrin signaling.
Trimeric Bet v 1-specific nanobodies cause strong suppression of IgE binding
Authors: Bauernfeind Clarissa , Zettl Ines , Ivanova Tatiana , Goryainova Oksana , Weijler Anna Marianne , Pranz Barbara , Drescher Anja , Focke-Tejkl Margarete , Pavkov-Keller Tea , Eckl-Dorna Julia , Tillib Sergei V. , Flicker Sabine
Published: May 2024

Background

Around 20% of the population in Northern and Central Europe is affected by birch pollen allergy, with the major birch pollen allergen Bet v 1 as the main elicitor of allergic reactions. Together with its cross-reactive allergens from related trees and foods, Bet v 1 causes an impaired quality of life. Hence, new treatment strategies were elaborated, demonstrating the effectiveness of blocking IgG antibodies on Bet v 1-induced IgE-mediated reactions. A recent study provided evidence for the first time that Bet v 1-specific nanobodies reduce patients´ IgE binding to Bet v 1. In order to increase the potential to outcompete IgE recognition of Bet v 1 and to foster cross-reactivity and cross-protection, we developed Bet v 1-specific nanobody trimers and evaluated their capacity to suppress polyclonal IgE binding to corresponding allergens and allergen-induced basophil degranulation.

Methods

Nanobody trimers were engineered by adding isoleucine zippers, thus enabling trimeric formation. Trimers were analyzed for their cross-reactivity, binding kinetics to Bet v 1, and related allergens, and patients’ IgE inhibition potential. Finally, their efficacy to prevent basophil degranulation was investigated.

Results

Trimers showed enhanced recognition of cross-reactive allergens and increased efficiency to reduce IgE-allergen binding compared to nanobody monomers. Furthermore, trimers displayed slow dissociation rates from allergens and suppressed allergen-induced mediator release.

Conclusion

We generated high-affine nanobody trimers that target Bet v 1 and related allergens. Trimers blocked IgE-allergen interaction by competing with IgE for allergen binding. They inhibited IgE-mediated release of biological mediators, demonstrating a promising potential to prevent allergic reactions caused by Bet v 1 and relatives.
Acute upper and lower gastrointestinal bleeding management in older people taking or not taking anticoagulants: a literature review
Authors: Menichelli Danilo , Gazzaniga Gianluca , Del Sole Francesco , Pani Arianna , Pignatelli Pasquale , Pastori Daniele
Published: May 2024

Acute upper and lower gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding may be a potentially life-threatening event that requires prompt recognition and an early effective management, being responsible for a considerable number of hospital admissions. Methods. We perform a clinical review to summarize the recent international guidelines, helping the physician in clinical practice. Older people are a vulnerable subgroup of patients more prone to developing GI bleeding because of several comorbidities and polypharmacy, especially related to an increased use of antiplatelet and anticoagulant drugs. In addition, older patients may have higher peri-procedural risk that should be evaluated. The recent introduction of reversal strategies may help the management of GI bleeding in this subgroup of patients. In this review, we aimed to (1) summarize the epidemiology and risk factors for upper and lower GI bleeding, (2) describe treatment options with a focus on pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of different proton pump inhibitors, and (3) provide an overview of the clinical management with flowcharts for risk stratification and treatment. In conclusion, GI is common in older patients and an early effective management may be helpful in the reduction of several complications.
Detection of florfenicol resistance in opportunistic Acinetobacter spp. infections in rural Thailand
Authors: Tan Bernice Siu Yan , Mohan Lalit , Watthanaworawit Wanitda , Ngamprasertchai Thundon , Nosten Francois H. , Ling Clare , Bifani Pablo
Published: May 2024

Florfenicol (Ff) is an antimicrobial agent belonging to the class amphenicol used for the treatment of bacterial infections in livestock, poultry, and aquaculture (animal farming). It inhibits protein synthesis. Ff is an analog of chloramphenicol, an amphenicol compound on the WHO essential medicine list that is used for the treatment of human infections. Due to the extensive usage of Ff in animal farming, zoonotic pathogens have developed resistance to this antimicrobial agent. There are numerous reports of resistance genes from organisms infecting or colonizing animals found in human pathogens, suggesting a possible exchange of genetic materials. One of these genes is floR, a gene that encodes for an efflux pump that removes Ff from bacterial cells, conferring resistance against amphenicol, and is often associated with mobile genetic elements and other resistant determinants. In this study, we analyzed bacterial isolates recovered in rural Thailand from patients and environmental samples collected for disease monitoring. Whole genome sequencing was carried out for all the samples collected. Speciation and genome annotation was performed revealing the presence of the floR gene in the bacterial genome. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined for Ff and chloramphenicol. Chromosomal and phylogenetic analyses were performed to investigate the acquisition pattern of the floR gene. The presence of a conserved floR gene in unrelated Acinetobacter spp. isolated from human bacterial infections and environmental samples was observed, suggesting multiple and independent inter-species genetic exchange of drug-resistant determinants. The floR was found to be in the variable region containing various mobile genetic elements and other antibiotic resistance determinants; however, no evidence of HGT could be found. The floR gene identified in this study is chromosomal for all isolates. The study highlights a plausible impact of antimicrobials used in veterinary settings on human health. Ff shares cross-resistance with chloramphenicol, which is still in use in several countries. Furthermore, by selecting for floR-resistance genes, we may be selecting for and facilitating the zoonotic and reverse zoonotic exchange of other flanking resistance markers between human and animal pathogens or commensals with detrimental public health consequences.
Prefrontal cortical activity during uneven terrain walking in younger and older adults
Authors: Hwang Jungyun , Liu Chang , Winesett Steven P. , Chatterjee Sudeshna A. , Gruber Anthony D. , Swanson Clayton W. , Manini Todd M. , Hass Chris J. , Seidler Rachael D. , Ferris Daniel P. , Roy Arkaprava , Clark David J.
Published: May 2024

Introduction

Walking in complex environments increases the cognitive demand of locomotor control; however, our understanding of the neural mechanisms contributing to walking on uneven terrain is limited. We used a novel method for altering terrain unevenness on a treadmill to investigate the association between terrain unevenness and cortical activity in the prefrontal cortex, a region known to be involved in various cognitive functions.

Methods

Prefrontal cortical activity was measured with functional near infrared spectroscopy while participants walked on a novel custom-made terrain treadmill surface across four different terrains: flat, low, medium, and high levels of unevenness. The assessments were conducted in younger adults, older adults with better mobility function and older adults with worse mobility function. Mobility function was assessed using the Short Physical Performance Battery. The primary hypothesis was that increasing the unevenness of the terrain would result in greater prefrontal cortical activation in all groups. Secondary hypotheses were that heightened prefrontal cortical activation would be observed in the older groups relative to the younger group, and that prefrontal cortical activation would plateau at higher levels of terrain unevenness for the older adults with worse mobility function, as predicted by the Compensation Related Utilization of Neural Circuits Hypothesis.

Results

The results revealed a significant main effect of terrain, indicating a significant increase in prefrontal cortical activation with increasing terrain unevenness during walking in all groups. A significant main effect of group revealed that prefrontal cortical activation was higher in older adults with better mobility function compared to younger adults and older adults with worse mobility function in all pooled terrains, but there was no significant difference in prefrontal cortical activation between older adults with worse mobility function and younger adults. Contrary to our hypothesis, the older group with better mobility function displayed a sustained increase in activation but the other groups did not, suggestive of neural compensation. Additional findings were that task-related increases in prefrontal cortical activation during walking were lateralized to the right hemisphere in older adults with better mobility function but were bilateral in older adults with worse mobility function and younger adults.

Discussion

These findings support that compared to walking on a flat surface, walking on uneven terrain surfaces increases demand on cognitive control resources as measured by prefrontal cortical activation.
Exploring the prospects, advancements, and challenges of in vitro modeling of the heart-brain axis
Authors: Mabry Senegal Alfred , Pavon Narciso
Published: May 2024

Research on bidirectional communication between the heart and brain has often relied on studies involving nonhuman animals. Dependance on animal models offer limited applicability to humans and a lack of high-throughput screening. Recently, the field of 3D cell biology, specifically organoid technology, has rapidly emerged as a valuable tool for studying interactions across organ systems, i.e., gut-brain axis. The initial success of organoid models indicates the usefulness of 3D cultures for elucidating the intricate interactivity of the autonomic nervous system and overall health. This perspective aims to explore the potential of advancing in vitro modeling of the heart-brain axis by discussing the benefits, applications, and adaptability of organoid technologies. We closely examine the current state of brain organoids in conjunction with the advancements of cardiac organoids. Moreover, we explore the use of combined organoid systems to investigate pathophysiology and provide a platform for treatment discovery. Finally, we address the challenges that accompany the use of 3D models for studying the heart-brain axis with an emphasis on generating tailored engineering strategies for further refinement of dynamic organ system modeling in vitro.