bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Objective structured practical examination (OSPE) as a tool in formative assessment of II MBBS students, in pathology
Authors: Rao D. Ranga , Babu U. Parameswari , Chakravarthy C. V. Kalyan , N. Ramya
Published: December 2017

Background: Assessment drives the student learning. Regular periodical assessment not only improves learning habits, but also enhances the competence in all levels of medical education. Traditional practical examination is more subjective. It depends on examiners subjectivity, varying difficulty level of various experiments, and also internal marks variation etc. These flaws can be overcome by newer methods like OSPE. The aim of the study was to implement OSPE as a tool of internal assessment for practical skills in the II MBBS. To compare this with traditional practical examination (TPE). To obtain the students and faculty feedback regarding OSPE as a tool of assessment.Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out for 158 students in II internal pathology practical examination for six days in the second week of September 2016 at Department of Pathology, Dr. Pinnamaneni Siddhartha institute of medical sciences & Research Foundation, Chinnaoutpalli. Faculty and students were sensitized; blueprint were used to arrange twenty OSPE stations for the exercises conducted as per TPE and for the same 25 marks as per TPE. Simultaneously, all the students were subjected to both TPE and OSPE at the same time and venue. TPE was assessed by two professors and OSPE by separate eight faculty members independently without interaction with the students. The procedural stations were evaluated by using checklist and the response stations which consisted of short answers and MCQs, facilitated correction. Feedback was given to the student on their performance and feedback was obtained from the students and faculty regarding OSPE by questionnaire with Yes/No answers.Results: Performance score of students in OPSE (13.73 ±2.49) was higher as compared to TPE (9.27±1.86) which was statistically significant. Based on the response to the questionnaire, students perception towards OSPE was analyzed. Majority strongly agree OSPE to be fairer, more transparent and objective in comparison to TPE. In contrast, all the faculty members unanimously opined that OSPE was difficult to arrange, time taken and faculty versus students ratio was high for evaluation. Though, the faculty (91%) overall opined that OSPE should be included as a method of assessment.Conclusions: Present study revealed that OSPE was acceptable, feasible and reliable to the students as well as for faculty for the internal assessment in pathology. Opinions of both students and faculties strongly agreed that OPSE is more effective objective assessment tool.
Internet addiction, behavioural aspects, and health related problems associated with it: a cross sectional study among engineering students of Jabalpur district
Authors: Thakur Aditya , Peepre Kunal , Vaswani Anshi , Gupta Khyati , Verma Aman , Singh Dhananjay , Kasar Pradeep
Published: December 2017

Background: With the rise of new generation gadgets, the risk of “internet addiction” is emerging as a significant behavioral addiction pandemic to be tackled worldwide. Internet addiction can be defined as an impulse disorder. Objective of the study was to determines the level of Internet addiction in Students. To identify the behavioural and any health-related problems associated with internet addiction among students.Methods: This study was a cross sectional study carried out in 7 different engineering colleges of Jabalpur city during the period of 1st July 2016 to 30th September 2016.Results: In present study the prevalence of internet addiction was found to be 74 %. 26 % of the participants were found with no internet addictions whereas 55 % and 17.67 % of the participants were found to be mild and moderate addicted whereas only 1.33 % of the participants were severely addicted to internet addiction. Participant who has internet addiction has 84.8 % of yelling and annoying behavior while 86.5 % participants with internet addiction have secretive and defensive behavior. Association was found to be highly significant (p = <0.001). Ill effects like problem related to eye have significant effect on the participants with internet addiction i.e. 66.17 %. Association of problem related to eye problems with internet addiction was significant with the p = 0.02.Conclusions: The problem is alarming and progressing to an addictive state in the near future Interventions like setting boundaries and detecting early warning signs of underlying psychopathology at the earliest are required
Breast fibroadenoma: diagnostic performance of gray-scale sonography and sonoelastography: a prospective observational study
Authors: Phatak Suresh , Gupta Nipun
Published: December 2017

Background: Elastography is a new technique that can be especially helpful when used as an adjunct to conventional B-mode ultrasound in evaluating breast lesions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of interpretation criteria for conventional sonography and sonoelastography in characterising fibroadenoma breast with pathological correlation.Methods: 50 breast fibroadenomas were prospectively evaluated by ultrasound as well as by strain elastography followed by FNAC//Histopathology correlation. The criteria used in breast elastography were Elastography Score and Strain Ratio. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value and negative predictive value were calculated for each modality.Results: The elastography score was found to have the best performance among the 2 criteria used with a sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of 95.83%, 50% and 94% respectively.Conclusions: While conventional ultrasound remains the primary modality for the characterization of breast masses, elastography has the potential to improve the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of conventional ultrasound and, thus avoiding unnecessary biopsy.
Organisms isolated from endotracheal aspirate and their sensitivity pattern in patients suspected of ventilator associated pneumonia in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Panda Geetanjali , Mohapatra Bishnu Prasad , Routray Sidharth Sraban , Das Rajat Kumar , Pradhan Basant Kumar
Published: December 2017

Background: Ventilator associated pneumonia in critically ill patients are associated with high morbidity and mortality. Patients who are mechanically ventilated are at high risk of acquiring respiratory infections due to complex interplay between the endotracheal tube, host immunity and virulence of invading bacteria. To start empiric antimicrobial therapy knowledge of local antimicrobial resistance patterns are essential. Objectives of our study was to study antimicrobial sensitivity among organisms isolated from endotracheal aspirates of patients with VAP.Methods: This is a prospective observational study, done in 100 patients who were mechanically ventilated for various reasons in ICU of our hospital over a period of one year. Clinical parameters, investigation, microbiological profile and sensitive characteristics of endotracheal aspirate was recorded and analyzed.Results: Endotracheal aspirate culture and sensitivity was done in 100 patients.70 samples showed significant growth. Acinetobacter were isolated in 30 samples, Pseudomonas in 24, Klebsiella in 8, Enterobacter in 1, Citrobacter in 1 and Staphylococcus in 6 samples. Acinetobacter, Pseudomonas and Klebsiella were highly sensitive to colistin and polymyxin B, intermittently sensitive to meropenem and showed resistance to most of commonly used antibiotics.Conclusions: The commonest organism isolated endo-tracheal aspirate cultures were Acinetobacter and Pseudomonas which was highly sensitive to colistin and polymyxin B. A local antibiogram for each hospital, based on bacteriological patterns and susceptibilities is essential not only to initiate empiric therapy but also to prevent poor outcomes and help in framing the appropriate institutional antibiotic policy.
Life style characteristics of hospital paramedical healthcare professionals: a study from a tertiary care hospital, Pondicherry
Authors: Ramya Neelakandan , Shankar Sethu Prabhu
Published: December 2017

Background: Life style is linked with future cardiovascular diseases. The aim of the work was to study the life style characteristics of hospital paramedical healthcare professionals.Methods: Paramedical professionals working in Aaruapadai veedu medical college and hospital were taken up for the study. The study was done as a cross sectional study using a pretested questionnaire method. Age, height, weight, waist circumference, diet pattern, physical activity, sleep and yoga pattern in all the hospital paramedical professionals were collected and studied.Results: Of the total one hundred hospital paramedical professionals, there were 90 female paramedical professionals. Among the female paramedical professionals, there were 69 of age less than 30years. Normal body mass index of less than 25 was seen (56) 62% of female paramedical professionals. Nine paramedical professionals had abdominal obesity. Of the total 10 male paramedical professionals 6 (60%) were taking food at improper time. Seven male and 58 female paramedical professionals did not do any form of exercise. A total of 84 female paramedical professionals were taking carbohydrate rich diet. Nineteen female paramedical professionals were doing regular exercise and three paramedical professionals were doing yoga. Eighty-five female paramedical professionals had refreshing normal sleep.Conclusions: Hospital paramedical healthcare professionals had a poor physical activity and diet pattern. The prevalence of abdominal obesity was less in paramedical professionals.
Niemann-pick disease type A-a case report
Authors: Tangde Ashwini , Pore Shubhajyoti , Kulkarni Anjali , Joshi Anil , Bindu Rajan
Published: December 2017

Niemann-Pick Disease is an autosomal recessive disorder of infancy, characterized by failure to thrive, hepatosplenomegaly and neurodegenerative changes. It is caused by inherited deficiency of an enzyme, acid sphingomyelinase. It leads to deposition of sphingomyelin and cholesterol within the lysosome of reticuloendothelial cells of various organs. Niemann-Pick Disease is classified into four types such as A, B, C and D. We present a case of niemann-pick disease type A. This case report encompasses an 18-month-old male child brought with complaints of progressive abdominal distension, developmental delay, intermittent fever and excessive cry. On examination patient had developmental delay and significant abdominal distension with moderate hepatosplenomegaly. Bone marrow examination showed characteristic lipid laden foamy histiocytes termed as niemann pick cells and sea blue histiocytes. Later on, liver biopsy and splenic aspiration cytology was performed, which also showed same type of foamy cells. Type A is very rare and a severe infantile form with neurologic degeneration resulting in death usually by 3 years of age. No treatment available for type A so far. It’s a rare disease in India. Genetic counseling.
Designing an effective student evaluation of teaching (SET) questionnaire for cadaveric dissection
Authors: Chaudhuri Joydeep D. , Venugopal Rao B.
Published: December 2017

Recent changes in curriculum have seen a curtailment in the time devoted to the teaching of gross anatomy, one of the most integral components of medical education. This has resulted in the reduction, and in some cases the elimination of cadaveric dissection, most significantly due to the huge amount of resources involved in conducting a cadaveric dissection program. Nevertheless, cadaveric dissection still comprises a significant part of the time devoted to the teaching of gross anatomy. Hence it is of paramount importance that maximum benefit be derived from cadaveric dissections since it offers unique advantages, most significant being the appreciation of the three-dimensional concepts of body organization. The key part of effective anatomy teaching using cadaveric dissection is having the best instructors for this task. While student evaluation of teaching (SET) questionnaires have been used to evaluate instructor proficiency in lecture classes, there is no SET questionnaire that has been specifically designed for the assessment of instructors involved in cadaveric dissection. The aim of this article is to design a questionnaire specifically for the evaluation of the competency of instructors involved in cadaveric dissection, and reinforce the arguments for the continued use of cadaveric dissection in the teaching of anatomy.
Progress of health care in rural India: a critical review of National Rural Health Mission
Authors: Gopalakrishnan S. , Immanuel A.
Published: December 2017

National rural health mission (NRHM) was initiated in the year 2005 in eleventh five year plan, with the objective of providing quality health care services to the rural population. The mission brought out salient strategies by involving various sectors and forging partnerships with various organizations to unify health and family welfare services into a single window. Though the mission strived for a sustainable health care system, it did not envisage certain challenges in implementation. The public health system in India could take off from the foundations laid by the NRHM to overcome these challenges, in order to achieve various goals of health and development and put India on the road map of healthful development. The objective of this review article is to critically evaluate the implementation of national rural health mission and highlight its success and to make recommendations on the future health care planning and implementation in achieving universal health coverage for the rural India. NRHM has been a mammoth effort by the Union Government to build the public health infrastructure of the nation. The mission deserves its credit for empowering the rural India in health care, especially in States with poor health related indicators. NRHM has been a pioneer in reiterating the need for community participation, coupled with intersectoral convergence, to bring about a paradigm shift in the indicators, which has been reasonably achieved in most of the States. Taking forward the foundations laid by the NRHM, it is essential for the forthcoming policies and plans to focus on capacity building, not only on the infrastructure and technical aspects, but also on streamlining the health workforce, which is crucial to sustaining the public health infrastructure. The public health system in India should take off from the foundations laid by the NRHM. There is an imminent need to focus on forging a sustainable public private partnership, which will deliver quality services, and not compromise on the principles and identity of the public health system of the country, in its pursuit to achieve universal health coverage and sustainable development goals.
Cyber sexual harassment: a cross-sectional survey over female university students in Upper Egypt
Authors: Arafa Ahmed E. , Elbahrawe Rasha S. , Saber Nahed M. , Ahmed Safaa S. , Abbas Ahmed M.
Published: December 2017

Background: The striking rise in the internet users has resulted into high potential for abuse. Cyber sexual harassment is a type of internet abuse that carries many negative emotional consequences and could undermine the mentality of young people. The objective of this study is to investigate the rates of exposure to cyber sexual harassment among female students in Beni-Suef University and explore the correlating factors. Methods: A total of 2350 female students representing all academic years of all faculties of Beni-Suef University were recruited to participate in this cross-sectional study. An Arabic language self-administered questionnaire was designed and comprised three sections; socio-demographic characteristics, exposure to cyber sexual harassment in the past 6 months, and emotional effects of exposure. Results: Almost 80% of all the surveyed female students reported experiencing cyber sexual harassment during the past 6 months, and most of the victims were exposed to cyber sexual harassment more than once. Students living in urban areas and students who spent more hours per day using the internet reported more exposure (p<0.05). The harassed students responded mostly by anger (65%), fear (20.1%), hatred (18.5%) and sorrow (18.4%) towards the harassment incidents. Conclusions: Female students in Beni-Suef University are highly vulnerable to cyber sexual harassment, which is shockingly prevalent. Administrations in Beni-Suef University, as well as other Egyptian Universities, should adopt anti-cyber sexual harassment programs. Such programs have to introduce overwhelming policies and regulations that counter fight cyber sexual harassment. Such policies can be used as guidance for the university students, their families and their academic staff.
Addressing the rising cause of death due to diseases of the circulatory system geared towards achieving SDG 3: evidence from data on medical certification of cause of deaths in Rajasthan State, India: 1999-2015
Authors: Raut Manoj Kumar , Sahu Ananta Basudev
Published: December 2017

Background: Medical certification of cause of death (MCCD) scheme is imperative tool to obtain scientific and reliable information in terms causes of mortality. The office of the registrar general of India (ORGI) initiated the scheme on MCCD under civil registration system (CRS), during the third five year plan. Methods: This paper analyzes the data for the last 16 years for MCCD in Rajasthan from 1999 to 2015. The findings are based on more than half a million deaths, for which cause of death data is reported. The per cent of cause of deaths have been computed and the curve estimation method has been used to project the cause of death due to circulatory diseases. Results: The data reveals that the percentage of medically certified deaths hovers around 10 to 13 percent during 1999 to 2015 of the total deaths registered under the civil registration system, which is about 5 million deaths. The highest percentage of deaths that has been medically certified is due to circulatory diseases as seen for the combined period of sixteen years (1999-2015) (21 percent) followed by deaths due to certain infectious and parasitic diseases (16 percent). This has increased from 13.8 per cent in 1999 to 20.2 per cent in 2015. This proportion has been projected upto 2030, the target year of achievement of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Conclusions: Addressing this cause, could help in the achievement of indicator of 3.4.1, mortality rate attributed to cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes or chronic respiratory disease under the target of reducing by one third premature mortality from non-communicable diseases through prevention and treatment and promote mental health and well-being by 2030 subsumed under the SDG 3 of ensuring healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages.
Comparative study of simplified new method of item analysis with conventional method
Authors: Domple Vijay Kishanrao , Dixit J. V. , Dhande Vishal S.
Published: December 2017

Background: Most of the entrance examinations in the world use multiple choice questions for assessment. We tried a new method in which, the middle one third test papers were included in final item analysis while calculating difficulty and discrimination index. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the month of July 2017 among 62 third year undergraduate medical students. Total 50 MCQs were framed with a four options and only one correct answer. The assessed papers arranged in descending order and two question papers with highest and lowest marks were excluded to make equal two or three groups. The item analysis was done by two methods based on difficulty indexand discrimination index. Data was analyzed for standard error of difference between two proportions by Microsoft Excel. Results: Therefore 60 students participated in the part-completion examination. The highest score was 37 whereas 15 was lowest. Out of 50 items (MCQs), 7 items were removed before final item analysis because of negative value of proportions. Out of 43 items, 25 showed that there was statistically significant difference between the discrimination index (P<0.05) with new method and conventional method. In rest of the 18 items, there was no significant difference (P>0.05) in discrimination index. Z test for two proportions showed no significant difference in the difficulty index with new and conventional method. Conclusions: To conclude, there is no difference with respect to difficulty index by both methods but regarding discrimination index, the study failed to show conclusive results.
Study of socio-demographic patterns and epidemiological correlates of unintentional injuries among 1-5 year children in Moradabad
Authors: Yadav Sachin Singh , Shrivastava Anurag , Mishra Prabhaker , Prabhakar Anish
Published: December 2017

Background: Unintentional injuries among children are an emerging public health problem. Accidental injuries are one of the leading causes of death, hospitalization and disability across the world. Fragile, helpless and innocent, an infant enters the world completely dependent on its caretakers. Children’s environment plays a critical role, both in the occurrence and severity of an injury. Hence, this study was carried out to assess the domestic unintentional injuries among under-five children. Methods: This cross-sectional study was undertaken in the urban field practice area of Teerthanker Mahaveer Medical College and Research Centre Moradabad. Information about domestic accidents among the family members in the last one year from the date of survey was obtained by interviewing the head of the family or responsible member of the family age ≥ 18 year. Study target sample size was taken 440 was selected by using two stage cluster sampling technique. Results: Out of 440 children 20% (88) reported to have experience unintentional injuries. History of fall was the commonest 42 (47.3%) form of injury reported followed by injury due to sharp object and road traffic accident. Toddlers, male child were affected more. Only 48.9% caregivers were aware about first aid measures to be taken after unintentional injury, 71.3% participants reported implementation of preventive measures. Conclusions: Unintentional injuries are becoming more common. We recommend for prompt and target group interventions in order to prevent and control the domestic accidents, promo­tion of household safety measures and creation of awareness among the community using information, education, and com­munication (IEC) interventions have to be undertaken.
A study of malnutrition and associated risk factors among children of age 06-59 months in urban area of Jabalpur district (M.P.)
Authors: Shukla Nandini , Toppo Neelam A. , Thakur Aditya , Kasar Pradeep Kumar
Published: December 2017

Background: “Malnutrition is a silent emergency”. Malnutrition is not only an important cause of childhood mortality and morbidity, but also leads to permanent impairment of both physical and mental growth of those who survive. Methods: Cross sectional study was conducted among 720 children of age group 06-59 months in randomly selected eight wards of Jabalpur District. Multistage random sampling technique was used for the selection of study subjects. Predesigned questionnaire was used to collect data and anthropometric measurements were done. Data entry and analysis was done using Epi Info™ 7.1.5 and SPSS 20.0 (free trial version). Results: The prevalence of underweight, stunting and wasting were found to be 34.3%, 41.5% and 18.9% respectively while the prevalence of obese and overweight was 3.1% and 7.4% respectively. Malnutrition was found to be higher among the children born with low birth weight, having higher birth order, more number of siblings, those with incomplete immunization status and inappropriate feeding practices i.e. lack of exclusive breast feeding and improper weaning. Conclusions: The present study demonstrates the multiple risk factors for childhood malnutrition, encompassing sectors other than health alone like social and economic sectors, requiring multisectoral approach to fight against the silent killer of childhood malnutrition.
Knowledge about first aid, wound management and vaccination for the cases of dog bite: a cross-sectional study among the students of a management and technology institute in western Uttar Pradesh
Authors: Singh Anuj , Agarwal Medhavi , Singh Arun , Katyal Rashmi , Joshi H. S. , Khan Swati
Published: December 2017

Background: About half the world’s population is living in countries/territories where dog rabies still exists and is potentially exposed to rabies. In 2005 there were 12,700 symptomatically identifiable furious rabies deaths in India; taken as a whole 1.1 deaths per lac population; mostly in males (62%), in rural areas (91%), and in children below the age of 15 years (50%). The aims and objectives of the study were to ascertain the knowledge about the first aid and vaccination measures and to assess the awareness about management, dressing and suturing of wound following dog bite among students of a management college in the Western Uttar Pradesh. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in a professional institute of Bareilly district selected by simple random sampling between August 2016- January2017, data was collected with the help of a questionnaire related to the assessment of knowledge regarding wound management. Results: 96% believe in proper wound management of animal bite, 37% think dressing of wound is necessary, 40% think immediate suturing of wound is important, where as 90% study subjects were aware of Anti-rabies vaccine. Conclusions: Awareness assessment about the wound management is almost satisfactory. Since, majority of subjects know the right measure of first-aid and believe in proper wound management after dog bite along with the knowledge about anti-rabies vaccine.
A comparative study on tobacco use among school boys in single sex and co-education school in Bengaluru
Authors: Rajeshwari Swetha , Nawaz Ayesha , P. Sathyanarayana , Kurre Bhaskar
Published: December 2017

Background: Adolescent boys are more inclined towards risky behaviors like smoking than girls and those who initiate smoking early in life are more likely to continue to smoke as adults. Peers in schools have a major role on influencing, initiating and continuation of smoking among boys. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to compare the prevalence of tobacco use among boys studying in single-sex school and co-education school and to study the factors associated with tobacco use in both the schools.Methods: A comparative study was conducted in two randomly selected high schools in the urban field practice area of the medical institution; one of it being boys only (single-sex) and another co-education (co-ed) school. All the students studying in 8th, 9th and 10th standard were included in the study. A self-administered, pretested, structured questionnaire adapted from the WHO youth tobacco questionnaire was used to collect the data on tobacco usage, knowledge and attitude along with socio-demographic profile. Data was entered into Microsoft excel and analyzed using EPI info 6.Results: A total of 467 boys participated in the study. Over all prevalence of tobacco use was 21.8% from both the schools. Tobacco use was found to be more in boys’ school 68 (25.7%) when compared to co-education school (16.8%). Prevalence of smoking was found to be 38 (14.4%) and 17 (8.4%) in the two schools, this difference was found to be statistically significant with χ2=4.59, p=0.032.Conclusions: Vulnerability of boys to smoking and risky behaviours in general, more so in single sex schools need to be emphasized and apt interventions designed to prevent its use among boys in various settings ought to be explored.
A study on the pattern of tobacco use and its implications on the health of patients, attending Karnataka Institute of Medical Sciences, Hubballi
Authors: K. Pratibha Rao , Bant D. D.
Published: December 2017

Background: Tobacco use plays an important role in the causation of various health issues. Although numerous efforts are being done to increase the awareness among people regarding its proven role in disease causation, it remains as one of the important public health issues in our country. Information regarding the tobacco habits in patients and its relation to their health status is scarce. Thus with this objectives, the present study was conducted in Karnataka Institute of Medical Sciences, Hubballi.Methods: A cross-sectional, questionnaire based study was conducted among the outpatients of Karnataka Institute of Medical Sciences during July 2017. Information was collected regarding the form of tobacco used, duration of use and their health problems. Statistical analysis was carried out using descriptive statistics and chi-square tests using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21.Results: The tobacco use was reported among 93 patients (44.3%). Among the tobacco users, majority of them were males (80.6%), and in the age group of 31-60 years (67.7%). The smokeless form of tobacco was the most common form used in both gender (44%). Health issues related to heart, respiratory system and oral cavity was seen more among the tobacco users than non-users.Conclusions: The study concludes that tobacco consumption among patients attending KIMS Hospital is high, which clearly has a negative impact on their health. Health care institutions also have a major role in imparting health education and motivating their tobacco addict patients to quit the habit.
Association of birth weight with body mass index of school children of central India: a cross sectional study
Authors: Petkar Prithvi B. , Thakre Sushama S. , Thakre Subhash B. , Patil Chaitanya R.
Published: December 2017

Background: Overweight and obesity has become an important public health problem in both developed and developing nations. This is even more alarming as obese children are likely to become obese adults. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in a government aided school in urban area of Nagpur, Maharashtra during January 2016 to April 2016. This study was conducted in students of age group of 9 to 15 years to assess the association of birth weight and body mass index of school children. Height and weight of the children were measured according to standard guidelines. BMI was calculated and classified using the percentile charts according to age and gender. Data was collected using EPI Info version 7.2. Descriptive statistics using frequencies and percentages were used. Chi square test was used to indicate the differences between two proportions. Odds ratio was used to define the strength of the association. Results: The mean age of children was 11.92±1.27 and 11.31±1.27 in males and females respectively. In our study, there was a significant positive association between the birth weight and body mass index of the children. Conclusions: We found that the children whose birth weight was lower than 2500 grams were having decreased risk of being overweight/ obese in their later life with an odds ratio of 0.55 (0.34 to 0.90). But, the correlation between the birth weight and body mass index is weakly positive (r=0.063).
Traditional practices followed by the mothers after delivery in a rural area of Tamil Nadu
Authors: K. Sunitha , M. Vijayalakshmi
Published: December 2017

Background: India is culturally diverse and traditional practices differ from region to region. Even though the prevalence and degree may vary, traditional practices which have long term devastating effects are performed all over the world. Harmful traditional methods are always perpetrated against infants. Hence it is important to understand the local practices to comprehend fully the determinants of adverse health outcomes of infants. This study was planned to assess the prevalence of harmful traditional practices adopted by the mothers of infants in Tirunelveli and to assess the association of various socio demographic factors influencing these practices among the mothers. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among 100 mothers of infants in the subcentre of Patthamadai Primary Health Centre, Tirunelveli. Mothers with infants of less than one-year-old were selected randomly from the Family register and after obtaining their consent were interviewed at their door steps with a pretested semi- structured questionnaire. Data collected were analysed using SPSS software. Results: Among 100 mothers who were interviewed, 36 of them had given pre lacteal feeds, 24 of them did not practice exclusive breast feeding, 44 had used feeding bottles, 10 had reported some application on umbilical cord stump, 16 of them took native treatment for diarrhoea, 12 of them had instilled oil in eyes and 60% of them had practices of blowing of air into ear and nose. Conclusions: Almost all the mothers have practiced at least one harmful traditional practice following delivery of their child and these practices were mostly under the influence of the grandparents. The most commonly adopted harmful practices were administration of pre lacteal feeds and not practicing exclusive breast feeding which are contributing factors in increasing the Infant mortality.
A study on various dimensions of emotional intelligence among doctors
Authors: Khanam Najnin , Sahu Trilochan , Rao E. V. , Gaidhane Abhay M.
Published: December 2017

Background: Emotional intelligence (EI) involves a combination of competencies which allow a person to be aware of, to understand the emotions of others and to use this knowledge to foster their and others success.Methods: Academic staffs teaching in private medical colleges were included. Questionnaire was sent to the doctors through online Google form to their Gmail ID. Schutte self report emotional intelligence test (SSEIT) scale was used and the questions were valued based on the Likert scale of five values. Selected socio-demographic profile of the participants and the seven dimensions of EI were studied. Descriptive statistics applied and means of various dimensions were compared. Scoring was done to find out good, average and poor EI.Results: EI of associate professor and professors was better than other two groups (junior resident/post graduate students and senior resident/assistant professor) with respect to dimensions like appraisal of emotional regulation of the self (ERS), appraisal of emotional regulation of others (ERO) and appraisal of uncategorized (UR).Conclusions: It was observed that academic staffs who were teaching in medical profession had overall average level of EI except good EI in the dimension like appraisal of emotions in the self (AES).
Management of supracondylar fracture humerus type 3 in children with percutaneous K-wire vs. open reduction and internal fixation with K-wire
Authors: Waseem Ahmed Shaik Md , Biju R.
Published: December 2017

Background: Aim of the study is to determine the relation between the reduction technique percutaneous pinning and open reduction and internal fixation with K-wire used in management of supracondylar humerus fractures in paediatric age group and the ultimate elbow status (functional and cosmetic), so that appropriate reduction technique can be adopted for better functional and cosmetic outcome.

Methods: Children below 12 years with Gartland’s type III supracondylar fractures managed by closed reduction and percutaneous K-wire fixation and open reduction and K-wire fixation and Flynn’s criteria was used to grade the outcome of surgical fixation. 10 Closed reduction and K-wire fixation and 10 open reduction and K-wire fixation were done.

Results: Most of the fractures were sustained when the patient had fallen down on out stretched hand while playing or slip and fall. According to Flynn’s grading, there are 7 excellent, 2 good and 1 fair functional result observed in closed reduction and k wire fixation. There are 4 excellent, 3 good and 3 fair functional results observed in open reduction and k wire fixation with statistically significant p value 0.04.

Conclusions: Open reduction through lateral approach and internal fixation wire K wires is safe and effective method of treatment, if indicated, in supracondylar fractures of humerus in children and is associated with a good outcome. A small incision medially in cases where medial epicondyle cannot be defined to visualize the epicondyle and the ulnar nerve, by which iatrogenic ulnar nerve palsy in percutaneous fixation can be prevented.
Reseña de eventos
Authors: Varios Varios
Published: December 2017

En este apartado encontrará reseñas de eventos científicos  relacionados con la historia de la educación latinoamericana.
Indice de Autores
Authors: Soto Arango Diana Elvira
Published: December 2017

Informacion e indice de autores
Igrà za Bog da prost’: Interethnic, genealogical and semantic aspects of dedicating the dance to the dead in the village of Sviniţa
Authors: Rakočević Selena
Published: December 2017

The village of Svinica (Romanian: Sviniţa) is situated in the southern area of the Romanian Banat, which is known as Dunavska klisura (Romanian: Clisura Dunarii). According to historical sources the village of Svinica was founded immediately after 1738 and was inherited by the Serbs. The geopolitical possition of the village influenced that it was separated from the other villages in this area. The isolation of the villagers was enlarged by the endogamy which was practiced until late 1960’s. Even mixed Serbian/Romanians merriages are numerous nowadays, Serbs are still majority population.

Based on the immediate fieldwork participant observation, this article focuses on the archaic mortuary ritual which is still alive in this village. This is a ritual known as joc/ora/hora de pomana (called by the locals Igra za Bog da prost’ or namenjuvanje). During this ritual, family members devote a dance to the dead person that takes place within a dance event lasting for several hours. Along with the ethnographic narrative, I discuss this ritual in the context of the contemporary dance practice of the wider area of Serbia and Romania where ritual of commemorating dance to the dead still exists. Genealogical and semantic aspects of kinetic and musical components of the ritual are also discussed.
An Essay on the film „Enclave“ by Goran Radovanović: what we experience and what we remember thinking about the watching of a contemporary historical cinematographic work
Authors: Naumović Slobodan
Published: December 2017

The essay uses elements of anthropological (Steven Caton and Marc Augé), cinematographic (David Bordwell), philosophical (Stanley Cavell and William Rothman) and historiographical approaches to studying film (Robert Rosenstone) in order to develop a suitable framework for an encompassing anthropology of one specific film – Enclave (2015, 92 mins) by Goran Radovanović.  The aim is to achieve a more complete understanding of the author's actions through which the logic of this "contemporary historical film", a film that deals with "history which is still ongoing" practically influences the viewers of the film. Specifically, the paper attempts a precise uncovering of the way in which Radovanović's audio-visual story of the painstaking rise of a friendship between an Albanian and a Serbian boy in an enclave in Kosovo struggles with, resists, but simultaneously blends with the knowledge, expectations and memories carried by those who had the opportunity to view the film, including, foremost, the author of this essay. In a nutshell, the key question addressed by the essay is how, or rather, why certain films become meaningful in the lives of those who watched them, or, as Stanley Cavell would put it, what are the reasons of one's own (or anyone else's) understanding of a specific film, such as it is?
Dead end: An anthropological analysis of the film "Stairless"
Authors: Milosavljević Ljubica
Published: December 2017

The anthropological analysis of the film Stairless (2014) will encompass: shedding light on the most important data on the production of the film, a description of the diegesis with an analysis and fragmental reception of the film, as well as some of its effects. The specifics of this film, aside from the fact that it belongs to the category of TV movie, which has a rich tradition in Serbia, but a lesser attraction than commercial films, at least when it comes to scientific attention paid to it, is extrapolated from circumstances and the focus on an old person as the protagonist. From the way in which the illness of the retired professor of neuropsychiatry – Alzheimer's dementia – is presented, it was possible to display all the problems with which those who fall ill, as well as those who are affected by it, face. In the end, a lack of possibilities in a dead end street, puts the protagonist in a nursing home for the elderly, and makes the viewer face certain effects of the film – the fear of old age, but also dilemmas and norms which regulate the handling of this issue in contemporary Serbian society.
Global citizenship and the challenge from cultural relativism
Authors: Eriksen Thomas Hylland
Published: December 2017

: Do human beings live in a shared world or in several? The traditional answer from social and cultural anthropology has been that although the physical world is uniform, the world as it is perceived by humans is fundamentally and irreducibly diverse, since human worlds are culturally constructed and cultures are unique and particular in character.

As a result of this perspective, there has always been a tense relationship between anthropology and universalist claims, as in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights of 1948. This chapter charts the dialogue and tension between the cultural relativism of classic anthropology and human rights universalism, but the main focus is on the consequences of globalisation for anthropological thinking about diversity and human universals. It is argued that as a direct result of the increased interconnectedness of human societies, classic cultural relativism has become both epistemologically obsolete and normatively objectionable. Although the moral worlds inhabited by humans are still diverse, they are now connected in ways which have implications for the ethics of anthropological research. By discussing a handful of examples, the analytical and moral dilemmas are exposed, and the contrast with mid-20th century anthropology, when the world was still widely seen as ‘an archipelago of cultures’, is made abundantly clear.
Discursive practices on the Krashovani in South-eastern Europe in the light of international relations
Authors: Nedeljković Saša
Published: December 2017

The paper analyses the attempt to construct a dominant discourse on the Krashovani in South-eastern Europe, or rather, the inter-relationship between discursive practices about said community in different states that show interest in it. This ethnic community has great symbolic, and as such, political potential which can be used to reinvigorate the national mythologies of interested nations. Through a comparative analysis of scientific discussions and popular-scientific literature, an attempt is made at recognizing, abstracting and systematizing all factors, means and strategies which are used for this purpose. Special focus has been put on the changes in dominant paradigms – the relationship between an historical and an ahistorical approach.
Main features of Ukrainian monetary policy during the post-crisis economy reformation
Authors: Krushelnytska Taisiya , Kakhovska Olena , Kurinnyi Oleksandr , Matveieva Olga
Published: December 2017

The article is devoted to the Ukrainian monetary policy in the period of post-crisis structural reformation. Overcoming consequences of the deepest in Ukraine’s new history economic, social and political crisis become a starting point for modernization of the whole administration system and policy provided. In that period, monetary policy has been changed significantly. It was provoked by necessity for state regulator to respond to act on complex of unexpected challenges. Main features of monetary policy in 2013–2016 (active regulation, stabilization and maintaining proper equilibrium in the economic system; implementation of IMF program; gradual intensification of administrative measures; inflation targeting; influencing the regime of floating exchange rate; prices stabilization; focusing on equilibrium in the balance of payments; mobilization operations restraining; growth of the monetary base; monetary policy measures have generally been a response to fiscal policy and geopolitical policy of Ukraine) are highlighted.
International trade and foreign direct investment as growth stimulators in transition economies: does the impact of institutional factors matter?
Authors: Tsitouras Antonis , Koulakiotis Athanasios , Makris Georgios , Papapanagos Harry
Published: December 2017

The present paper develops a general production function framework, augmented with two institutional variables namely bureaucracy and corruption on 28 transition economies over the period 2000-2015. The authors use various econometric specifications and apply both the Fixed Effects, as well as the advanced system Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) panel data techniques. Empirical findings suggest that the impact of openness in terms of foreign direct investment and international trade is advantageous to all the economies of the panel. Furthermore, the findings indicate that classical growth determinants, such as labor and physical capital, have the expected positive contribution, while macroeconomic instability has a negative effect on real economic activity. Regarding the impact of the two institutional variables, corruption, and bureaucracy, the authors retrieve more influential results, as their impact appears to be diametrically opposite between the former Soviet Union states and the rest of European transition economics.