bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Application of Microbial Enzymes in Dairy Products: A Review
Authors: Al-Manhel Alaa J. A.
Published: December 2019

Enzymes produced by microbial sources are biological molecules that known to catalysts biochemical reactions which roles involve in lead to stimulate the necessary chemical reactions, as well as to the formation of fermented products. Microbial protease, lipase and ?-galactosidase are important examples of such interest in industrial food and dairy product. This is due to their thermoresistant, thermostability and thermoacidophilic properties. In brief, hydrolyses are the substrate which includes some enzymatic reaction that allows to avoid the health and environmental problems, and also to catalyses chemical reaction during the formation of flavor compounds or prebiotic and other products additives in the production and development of healthy dairy food products. Thus, enzymes are one of the relatively important factor that expected to be utilized in large-scale in the process of products development. This review focused on the importance and application of three major enzymes that microbial produce which  are of great interest in dairy industries and have positive impact on consumer’s health.
Effect of Moldboard Plow Types on Soil Physical Properties Under Different Soil Moisture Content and Tractor Speed
Authors: Nassir Aqeel J.
Published: December 2019

An experiment was conducted in fields of Agriculture college, University  of Basrah. The experiment was designed with split-spilt plots in Complete Randomized Blocks Design Treatments included three types of moldboard plows: helical,  semi digger and general –purpose, three soil moisture content levels (10.23,16.47 and 24.68%), and four tractor speed of 0.41, 0.56, 0.86 and 1.21 m sec -1  . The soil  physical properties were determined after plowing soil by using three types of moldboard plow. The results showed that there was significant effect of moldboard plow types, soil moisture content and tractor speed on soil physical properties including bulk density, soil porosity, soil penetration resistance and pulverization ratio. Results also indicated that the effect of interaction among plow types, soil moisture content and tractor speed was significantly on soil penetration resistance and pulverization ratios while it had not significantly effect on bulk density, soil porosity. In general, soil physical properties, had been improved when using high tractor speed and moderate soil moisture content whereas optimal operation was obtained when using general-purpose plow type and  high tractor speed of 1.12 m sec -1 and soil moisture content of 16.47% where this combination gives low bulk density (0.96Mg m-3), high soil porosity (63.90%) high soil pulverization ratio (74%) and low soil penetration resistance (623.47 kN m-2).
Effect of Storage on the Antioxidant Activity of Yolk Lipid for Some Kinds of Eggs
Authors: Shareef Sara H.M. , Al-Moussawi Aum-El Bashar H.J.
Published: December 2019

The current study included estimating the antioxidant activity of yolk lipid for the quail egg, Coturnix japonica (quail), Gallus gallus L. (hen), Anas Platyrhynchos L. (duck) and Gygnus cygnus L.(goose). The yolk and the white of those were separated from each other and the yolk lipid was separated also. The antioxidant activity, reducing power, chelating of iron ions and scavenging of hydrogen peroxide of yolk lipid for fresh egg were studied. The effect of egg storage at laboratory temperature (25-30°C) and refrigerator temperature (4±1°C) on antioxidant activity of egg yolk lipid was studied. The results showed that there was a significant decrease (P?0.05) in all the antioxidant activity tests with duration of storage compared to yolk lipid of fresh egg. The decrease was more obvious when storing the egg at lab temperature (25-30°C) compared with the stored egg in refrigeration (4±1°C).
Use the Mixture of Rice Straw and the Conocarpus erectus L., 1758 Leaves as the Medium of the Biofilter to Reduce the Ammonia Emitted from Poultry Houses
Authors: Khudher Assad Y. , Mossa Riyed K. , Jassim Jaffer M.
Published: December 2019

Poultry houses contribute 93% of the total amount of ammonia gas emittedfrom production facilities. The study aims to evaluate the efficiency of the biofilter forreducing environmental pollution by ammonia gas and using local and cheap materials.Two field experiments were conducted, A chicken (Ross 308, weigh 44.5 g) was raised in 35 days. Experiment unit dimensions are 1.2 x 1.5 x 2.5 length, width and height and each one of them was connected with a biofilter from the outside by air transport channel. The first experiment of three stocking densities (14, 16, 18) birds / m 2 and three replicates. The second experiment included the use of one SD (14 bird\m2), 3 mixtures of rice straw and the conocarpus leaves as the medium of the Biofilter and three replicates. The efficiency of the biofilter (mixture of 0.30 Conocarpus leaves with 0.70 rice straw) was 91%. The efficiency of the Biofilter was about 91.7% when media 0.25 of Conocarpus with 0.75 straw rice and characterized by a high content of total fungi compared to the other two.
Using Eye and Nasal Temperatures to Measure Positive Emotions in Free-Range Hamdani Sheep
Authors: Hussein Niarz J.
Published: December 2019

The present study was designed to measure both eye and nasal temperatures by stroking the animals’ body to determine positive emotional state in free-range Hamdani ewes. Twenty Hamdani ewes, aging 2-4 years, were used in this study. Focal sampling was used to collect data. Data were collected from both nose and eyes of animals. A total of 1680 temperature data, an average of 84 data from each ewe, were collected from all twenty ewes throughout the study. Ewes were stroked at the forehead, withers and neck for five minutes, temperature data were collected twice before, twice during and twice after stroking for both eyes and nose. Results revealed that there was a significant difference in eye temperature (P<0.01) as well as nasal temperature (P<0.05) between the three stages. Both eye and nasal temperatures were decreasing over time. In addition, the mean eye and nasal temperatures for all stopwatches were highly correlated (r = 0.94). From this study it could be concluded that peripheral (eye and nose) temperatures offer a useful understanding of changes in emotional valence in ewes.
The Effect of Using Different Levels of Red Ginseng Roots Powder on some Physiological Characteristics of Japanese Quail Males (Coturnix japonica)
Authors: Al-Salhie Khalid C.K. , Al- Waeli Abdulkarim M.
Published: December 2019

The current study was conducted to investigate the effect of adding different levels of ginseng roots to the diet on some physiological characteristics of Japanese quail males. A total of 120 Japanese quail males aged one week were used in this study. The males were randomly distributed into four experimental treatments (n=30). Each treatment was replicated three times (10 individual each). Males were fed experimental diets that were formulated to contain the same components as the control diet which contained red ginseng roots powder at levels 250, 500 and 750 mg/ kg feed  in other three experimental diets respectively. The results showed that the males of the fourth treatment recorded the lowest mean of the age of sexual puberty. While the highest average of sexual puberty age was recorded by the males of first treatment. On the other hand, the fourth treatment recorded the highest relative weight of testes compared with the other treatments at the age of 30 and 60 days. The results indicated that the males of the fourth treatment recorded highest Testosterone, FSH and LH levels compared with the other treatments at the age of 60 days. We can conclude from this study that the highest concentration of powder ginseng roots (750mg/kg feed) can promote the development of testes and increase testosterone, FSH and LH hormones in the serum of Japanese quail males.
Effect of IGF-1 and GH Genes Polymorphism on Weights and Body Measurements of Awassi Lambs in Different Ages
Authors: Al Qasimi Rahman H. , Hassan Amad F. , Khudair Bassam Y.
Published: December 2019

The study was carried on 68 ewes of local Awassi sheep in the Al-Kafeel sheep station Karbala governorate, Iraq for the period from 1/10/2017 to 1/8/2018. Genetic analysis was carried out in the molecular genetics laboratory at the College of Agriculture / Basrah University in order to extract (DNA) and determine the genotype  of the IGF-1(Insulin-like growth factor 1) and GH (Growth Hormone) genes. This study aimed to know the association between the genotype of the ewes of IGF-1 and GH  genes and their relationship to the productive traits of the lambs, which included the weights of lambs from birth to weaning and body measurements, Three of the  genotypes for IGF-1 were revealed AG, GC, CC and two for GH CT, TC . The effect of IGF-1 genotypes was significant (P<0.05) on weights of lambs at weaning, age  6 months and some body measurements with superior genotype GC. The genotypes of  GH had a significant effect on the weight of the lambs at birth by CT superiority. While the weights of weaning, six months and body measurements were not significantly affected by different genotypes.
Performance of Karadi Lambs Fed White or Black Whole Barley Grain for Different Fattening Periods
Authors: Karym Chnoor M. , Karim Goran M.
Published: December 2019

Feeding on white or black whole barley grain and fattening period’s effect on the body weight and measurements, as well as carcass quality of Karadi male lambs was investigated in this study. A total of sixty Karadi male lambs aged six month-old was randomly allocated to two feeding systems (white or black barley grain) for four periods of experimental fattening trial (each period was one month). Body weights as well as total body gain for lambs fed white barley were significantly (P<0.05) higher than lambs fed black barley during experimental periods. Feeding white barley significantly (P<0.05) increased body length at eight-month (second period), nine  month  (third  period)  and  final  weight  (fourth  period)  compared  to  black     barley. Moreover, height at withers and heart girth showed significant differences at the final period (age of 10th months). Result showed a high interaction between fattening periods and feeding regimes on the length of body, wither height and the girth of heart. This may indicate that lambs at different experimental periods responded differently to type of barley. It is concluded that body weights, total body gain and body measurements for lambs fed white barley were significantly higher than lambs fed black barley.
Experimental infection of native chicken with cattle tick Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) annulatus (Acari: Ixodidae)
Authors: Mustafa Bahzad H. S.
Published: December 2019

Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) annulatus is considered as one of the most widespread tick species of the world on several host including cattle. The current study has been conducted to evaluated infestation ability of larval R. annulatus on chicken growth and development, Indicated very few larvae quested or fed on indigenous adult chickens when comparison with the number of larvae which used in this study, and that the larval and nymph feeding period of these ticks was very long. The number of larvae feeding shows in hollows wings, while the number of feeding nymph investigate on head, wings and above of thigh, both larvae and nymph described on the same individual adult chicken, the engorged adult female not observed while the adult male notice on chickens. Designated the weight of feeding larvae and nymphs stage is 0.32±0.04 mg and nymph’s 2.73±1.22 mg. The weight of larvae and nymph stage under mattress and feeder’s chicken 0.27±0.21 and 2.52±1.75 mg respectively, shows not significantly when compared between the weight of feeding on chickens and the weight under mattress and feeder’s chicken by larvae and nymphs stage at (P < 0.05) values according chi-square. Experimental study shows not transmissions pathogens from incubating larvae, which got from engorged female infested with Babesia spp., to adult chickens when examined their blood by Giemsa stain.
Effect of Mineral -Biofertilizer on Physiological Parameters and Yield of Three Varieties of Oat (Avena sativa L.)
Authors: Al-Freeh Lamiaa M. , Alabdulla Sundus A. , Huthily Kadhim H.
Published: December 2019

To study the effect of biofertilizers on physiological parameters and yield  of three varieties of Oat (Avena sativa L.), field experiments were conducted during winter seasons 2016-2017 and 2017-2018 at Al- Zubair district (20 km. West of Basrah province) in sandy loam soils. A split plot arrangement, using RCBD with three replicates, the main plots contained varieties: V1 (Genzania), V2 (Shaffaa),  V3  (Carloup), Biofertilizer, treatments were at the sub plots: B0 (control), B1 (NPK mineral fertilizer as recommended), B2 (biofertilizers NPK), B3 (mineral fertilizer PK+ biofertilizers N), B4 (mineral fertilizer K+ biofertilizers NP), B5 (mineral fertilizer P + biofertilizers NK), B6 (mineral fertilizer N + biofertilizers PK). Data were collected on Flag leaf area FLA, Leaf area duration LAD, Leaf area index LAI, Crop growth rate CGR, Relative growth rate RGR, Net assimilation rate NAR, Plant high Tillers number m2 and grain yield t ha-1. The results showed that the adding of biofertilizers NPK (B2) led to a significant increase in the studied traits (FLA, LAD, LAI, CGR, RGR, NAR, and grain yield). The grain yield were increased about 189.96 and 197.3% as compared with control in each seasons respectively. Cultivar Genzania resulted in highest grain yield among studied varieties in the first season (5.774 t ha-1), while cultivar Shaffa  gave the highest grain yield in the second season (8.691 t ha-1). The interaction between Ganzania and B2 treatment recorded the highest seed yield (8.429 tan ha-1) in the first season. While, in the second season all varieties that interacted with B2 treatment produced the highest seed yield.
Effect of some Agricultural Treatments on Chemical and Qualitative Characters of Five Cucumber hybrids Grown under Unheated Greenhouse
Authors: Allela Walled B.M. , Al-Hamdani Shamil Y.H.
Published: December 2019

The experiment was implemented in greenhouse at College of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Mosul, During the spring growing season of 2014 to study the evaluation of genetic behavior of some traits in five cucumber hybrids (Raiane, Karol, Sayff, Karima and Baraka) under the effect of fertilization with two plant extracts treatments (control and fertilization with humic acid at concentrate 6 gm.-l) and harvesting fruits in two periods in each (two days or three days) on growth and yield of cucumber. The experiment results subjected to statistical analysis arranged in R.C.B.D. with three replications. The results can be summarized as follows, Leaves content of nutrient elements, The Baraka hybrid exhibited non-significant in N % of leaves superiority, and the hybrid Raiane in P% of leaves and the hybrid Karima in K% of leaves as compared with other hybrids. Plants fertilized with humic acid were surpassed significantly over the non-fertilized plants in N % of leaves only, The results revealed non-significance in nutrient elements percentages between the fertilized and non-fertilized plants. Treatments of triple interactions showed a significant increase in traits of N % and P % of leaves. Yield qualitative trait, The differences did not reached a significant effect between the fertilized and non-fertilized plants, The plants harvested in each of two and three days revealed non-significant differences in all traits except in trait GA3 of leaves, where the plants of two-days harvesting were superior significantly on the plants of three days harvesting.
Effect of The Date and Concentrations of The IBA on Rooting and Growth of Semi-Hard Wood Cuttings of Two Olive (Olea europaea L.) Varieties
Authors: Al-Imam Nabil M. A. , Hamid Qais Q.
Published: December 2019

This study was conducted in the plastic house at the Department of Horticulture and Landscape Design - College of Agriculture and Forestry - University of Mosul, Iraq. For the period from 1/2/2013 until 1/8/2013. To study the effect of three dates of cutting collection from 1st  February to 1st April monthly intervals, and soaking the cuttings in four concentrations of IBA solution 0, 2000, 3000, 4000mg.l-1 seconds on the rooting ability and subsequent growth of semi-hard wood cuttings of two olive varieties Gordal Sevillano and Tanche. The results were showed the cuttings were collected on the 1st of March resulted into the highest of rooted cutting, survival %, carbohydrate content, carbohydrate to nitrogen (C/N ratio) in the basal cuttings. Rooting increased proportionately with increasing of IBA concentrations principally the cuttings were soaked in 4000mg.l-1. Gordal Sevillano cuttings gave a significantly increase of rooting and the basal cuttings gave a significantly increased of carbohydrates content than Tanche variety. The best rooting percentage were get from interaction between Gordal Sevillano which  collected on the 1st of March treated with 4000 mg.l-1 were gave 66.67%. Highest rate of survival (80.0%) of control treatment of Tanche olive variety were taken on 1st of February. The highest content of carbohydrate (18.10) were obtained in Gordal Sevillano basal cuttings were taken on 1st of March. Higher percentage of Nitrogen (1.58%) were obtained from interaction between basal cutting of Gordal Sevillano variety. were taken on 1st of March. The highest percentage of C/N ration were got by interaction of Gordal Sevillano which collected on 1st of March.
Effect of Substitution of Urea with Different Types and Levels of Ruminant Manure on Microbial Evaluation of Rice Straw Silage
Authors: Saeed Ali A. , Abid Saja I.
Published: December 2019

This study was conducted in Nutrition Lab. Department of Animal Production, College of Agriculture, Al-Qasim Green University to investigate the effect of type and level of substitution of urea with ruminant manure (sheep, cow and buffalo) on basis of nitrogen content on microbial composition of rice straw silage. Urea was substituted with dried manure at six combinations, 100:0, 90:10, 80:20, 70:30, 60:40 and 50:50. Silage samples were prepared by treating chopped straw with pre-treated solution contained 10% low quality juice and 2% urea. Treated straw was packed in double plastic bags which were closed tightly and fermented for 60 days in bits. Results revealed that samples prepared by addition of cow manure were characterized with higher number of total anaerobic (P?0.05) and lactic acid bacteria (P?0.01), 9.22 and 8.62 log CFU.g-1 FM respectively. Whereas, lower (P?0.01) number of molds and yeasts were detected in those prepared with addition of buffalo manure, 3.51 and 4.54 log CFU.g-1  FM respectively. Significant increases were also observed in the total number of anaerobic bacteria and lactic acid bacteria with lower (P?0.01) numbers of total aerobic bacteria due to substitution of urea with manure, however, lower (P?0.01) number of molds and yeasts, 3.49 and 4.51 log CFU.g-1 FM were detected in samples prepared with a combination of 100:0 of urea: manure.
Effect of Sulfur and Clean Salt on Antioxidant Enzymes and Proline Content in Improving Salt Tolerance of Two Lettuce Cultivars Grown in Basrah
Authors: Hiji Jameel H. , Jasim Abbas M. , Jerry Awatif N.
Published: December 2019

The experiment was conducted during 2017-2018 and 2018-2019 winter seasons at Abu Al-Khaseeb District at basrah /Iraq on sandy loam soil  to study the effect of sulfur at five concentration ( 0 , 500 , 1000, 1500 and 2000) kg. Ha-1, clean salt at three concentration (0, 0.5 and 1.0) ml. L-1, two cultivars of lettuce local and fajr and interaction among them  at electrical conductivity of the irrigation water (7.85 and 9.69) dS.m-1.  Result showed significant reduction in the activity of catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD) enzymes and proline content in all treatments of sulfur and clean salt especially at 2000 Kg. Ha-1 sulfur and clean salt at 1.0 ml L-1had significantly decrease in CAT activity (295.80 ? 341.65) U mg–1 FW, POD activity (7.86? 8.98) U mg–1 FW and proline (0.50 ? 0.80) mg g-1DW, comparing with control of CAT activity (663.21, 814.65) U mg–1 FW and POD activity (13.83, 15.52) mg–1 FW and proline (1.19, 2.03) mg g-1DW, respectively for two seasons due to the role of sulfur and clean salt ameliorates the adverse effects of salinity on plants. Fajr lettuce is more salt-tolerant than local due to less antioxidant enzyme levels POD, CAT and proline.
Effect of Planting Depth and Zinc Sulphate Spraying on Growth and Yield of Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.)
Authors: Al-Bayati Hussein J.M. , Ali Karam R.
Published: December 2019

This study was conducted in one of the unheated plastic house at the Department of Horticulture and Landscape design, College of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Mosul during spring season 2018 to study the impact of two factors, the first: Tuber depth , 10 and 15 cm, the second: Zinc sulphate spraying on potato plants Actrice variety, 0, 150, 300 and 450 mg. l-1, the experiment was designed in the Split Plot system within a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replicates. The results could be summarized as: Tuber planted at 15 cm depth and spraying with zinc sulphate 450 mg. l-1 increased plant higher, number of stems per plant, leaf area per plant, whole dry matter percentage, number of tubers per plant, plant yield and total mg. l-1 .
Effect of the Bio-stimulator Amalgerol in some Growth and Yield Properties of Two Sweet Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) Varieties
Authors: Al-Mahdi Abdul Basset M. , Al-Bayaty Nawal M. , Abaid Abbas K.
Published: December 2019

The field experiment was conducted during the agricultural season 2016-2017 in one of the greenhouses belonging to the Directorate of Agriculture of Basrah in Khor Al-Zubair, in order to study the effect of the bio-stimulator Amalgerol in some growth characteristics of two types of sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.). The trial included 18 treatments involving two types of sweet peppers: KAMAR, RIDA F1 and three concentrations of both Amalgerol (0, 2.5 and 5) ml.l-1 and the appetizer (0, 1 and 1.5) ml.l-1. The factorial experiment was implemented with Split Plot Design by Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replicates and compared to the least significant differences test LSD at a probability level of 0.05. The main results are summarized as follows: The plants treated with 2.5 and 5 ml.l-1 of Amalgerol biomarker had a significant difference between them in each of the height of the plant, the number of leaves.plants-1, the leaf area in addition to the dry weight of the total vegetation, while the concentration of 5 ml.l-1 was superior in average fruit weight (59.44 g), fruit yield (41.95), early plant yield (233.52 g), plant yield (2.45 kg), and early productivity (3.92 ton / ha -1), in addition to total productivity of 41.15 tons.ha-1.The plants of the hybrid "Kamar" were superior in average fruit weight (61.62 g) and the early plant yield (233.40 g) in addition to the early productivity (3.921 tons.ha-1), while the hybrid plants of "Rida P1" were superior in average fruit number (45.90 fruits) and the total productivity (37.78 tons.ha-1). The interaction between the two factors of the stem and the average number of leaves. Plants-1 and the rate of the number of fruits.plants-1.
Effect of Adding Different Levels of Flaxseed Powder as a Source of Omega-3 on the Chemical Characteristics of Karadi Carcass Lambs
Authors: Al-Rubeii Amera M. S. , Zahir Hemn G.
Published: December 2019

The aim of the study is to determine the effect of different levels of Flaxseed powder (FP) as a source of omega-3 on the chemical characteristics of Karadi carcass lambs. Twenty male Karadi lambs aged 4-5 months were used in this study with an average live-weight of 28.00 ± 0.40 kg. The animals were randomly divided into four treatments (FP was added at the levels of 3%, 6% and 9% compared with the control group) for 88 days. At the end of the experiment, twelve lambs were slaughtered. The carcasses were kept at 4°C for 24 h. and  subjected to various physio-chemical measurements. The  results illustrated significant (p <0.05) differences in percentages of (moisture, protein, fat and ash). T1 was superior than other treatment in moisture percentage and T2 was superior in protein percentage. While, control treatment was superior in fat and ash percentages. The results pointed to significant (P<0.05) increased in Water holding capacity percentage. But concerning pH, there were no significant differences among treatments. Myofibril fragmentation index and protein solubility significantly (P<0.05) increased with FP supplementation in the ration. A significant (P<0.05) decreasing of cholesterol concentration. In contrast to that, myoglobin concentration increase with FP. The results of collagen analysis showed significant (P<0.05) differences among treatments, in soluble part in hydroxyproline concentration and collagen content value, increased but in the insoluble part the value decreased. The results showed improvement in total soluble collagen percentage in FP treatments. The results pointed to improvement (P<0.05) in the sensory evaluation in FP treatments as compared to control treatment.
A study of Eggplant Leaf Spot Disease in Greenhouses at Basrah Province
Authors: Salih Yehya A. , Ridha Rusul J. Abdul
Published: December 2019

The present study has been conducted to isolate and identify the leaf fungal spot pathogens of eggplant at different regions of Basrah city and their  chemical  control. The results showed that the disease was spread at all regions cultivated with eggplant at Basrah province with infection percentages of 46.6-88.5%. The highest infection percent was recorded at Garmat Ali region (88.5%), while the lowest percent was recorded at the Agricultural station (46.6%). The highest percent of  disease severity (50 %) was recorded at Tomato Cultivars Breeding Project, while the lowest percent was recorded at Agricultural station (20%). Alternaria alternata, Cladosporium oxysporum and Curvularia lunata were isolated from the leaves infected with spot disease, the pathogenicity test revealed that all isolated fungi were pathogenic. C. oxysporum and C. lunata were recorded for the first time in Iraq as causal agents of eggplant leaf spot. The results showed that the fungicide Ortiva inhibited the growth of the fungi with an average of 95.7%, followed by Difecor ( 94.9%), additionally, it was noticed that all examined fungicides completely inhibited the growth of both C. oxysporum and C. lunata ( %100 for each one). The study revealed that the fungicide Ortiva significantly reduced the disease severity of eggplant leaf spot disease up to 11.6% compared with control treatment which was 25%. Finally the results explained that the fungicide Ortiva gave the best protection to eggplant which infected with leaf spot disease compared to the other fungicides, it achieved a best plant height, higher dry weight of shoot and root systems, higher leaf area and higher leaves number. Therefore it is recommended for controlling the spot disease.
ANALISIS KEBUTUHAN SISTEM PENGELOLAAN MICROTEACHING DENGAN SIKLUS PENETAPAN, PELAKSANAAN, EVALUASI, PENGENDALIAN DAN PENINGKATAN (PPEPP) DALAM MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN MENGAJAR CALON GURU INSTITUT PENDIDIKAN TAPANULI SELATAN
Authors: Lubis Armansyah , . Hanafi , Siregar Rabiyatul Adawiyah
Published: December 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran kemampuan mahasiswa IPTS dalam mengaplikasikan keterampilan mengajar mengadakan variasi dalam kegiatan PPL. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh mahasiswa PPL NPM 2015 tahun ajaran 2018/2019, sedangkan yang menjadi sampel penelitian berjumlah 103 orang. Hasil analisa data menunjukkan bahwa gambaran mahasiswa PPL mengaplikasikan keterampilan mengajar mengadakan variasi secara keseluruhan diperoleh nilai persentase 8,10% kategori kurang. Kemampuan untuk variasi suara dengn persentase 43%, pemusatan/perhatian dengan persentase 34%, pemberian waktu atau kesenyapan dengan persentase 39%, mengadakan kontak pandang dengan persentase 26%, pada indikator gerakan badan/ mimik wajah dengan persentase 34%  dan perubahan posisi dengan persentase 26%. Berdasarkan Hasil analisis diatas dapat disimpulkan bahwa
Pengembangan Modul Ajar Berbasis Project Based Learning (PjBL) yang Praktis Bagi Mahasiswa Calon Guru Fisika
Authors: Sari Lia Purnama , Hatchi Itgo , Siregar Dwi Aninditya
Published: December 2019

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan atau research and development. Research and development adalah metode penelitian yang dipakai dalam menghasilkan produk tertentu dan menguji kepraktisan dan keefektifan produk. Penelitian ini bertujuan dalam mengembangkan modul ajar berbasis project based learning (PjBL) yang praktis. Subjek penelitian yang digunakan adalah modul ajar berbasis PjBL. Dosen dan mahasiswa program studi pendidikan fisika Institut Pendidikan Tapanuli Selatan merupakan responden dalam penelitian pengembangan modul ajar berbasis PjBL ini. Responden akan mengisi angket praktikalitas untuk mengetahui kepraktisan dari modul ajar yang dikembangkan. Berdasarkan penelitian pengembangan dan uji coba yang telah dilaksanakan dengan menggunakan modul ajar berbasis PjBL bagi mahasiswa calon guru fisika dapat disimpulkan bahwa modul ajar yang dikembangkan dalam penelitian ini adalah modul ajar yang dikategorikan pada modul ajar valid dan praktis. Kepraktisan dari modul ajar ini dilihat dari respon dosen dan mahasiswa yang menggunakannya dengan penilaian praktis.
PENGEMBANGAN BAHAN AJAR TEMATIK BERBASIS PROJECT BASED LEARNING YANG VALID UNTUK SISWA KELAS IV SD
Authors: Nasution Sartika Rati Asmara , Harahap Muhammad Syahril
Published: December 2019

Abstrak

Hasil studi pendahuluan tampak siswa dan guru disibukkan kedalam muatan materi yang terdapat pada buku sehingga kurang memberikan pengalaman langsung pada siswa, Proses pembelajaran mengunakan pendekatan saintifik dan kurang memadukan dengan model lain. Sehingga Proses pembelajaran sebatas pemberian informasi semata, kurang memberikan masalah diawal pembelajaran, sehingga pembelajaran kurang bermakna sehingga diharapkan perbaikan pembelajaran dengan mengembangakan sebuah bahan ajar tematik terpadu berbasis Model Project Based Learning. Pengembangan bahan ajar ini diharapkan dapat meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir siswa dan keterampilan memecahkan masalah dari apa yang mereka alami dalam upaya menciptakan pembelajaran yang bermakana bagi siswa. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian pengembangan (research and development). Model pengembangan  yang digunakan adalah model pengembangan Plomp. Plomp yang terdiri dari tiga tahapan yaitu (1) preliminary research atau analisis pendahuluan, (2) prototyping phase atau tahap perancangan, dan (3) assesment phase atau tahap penilaian”. Tahap preliminary research dilakukan untuk menentukan masalah dasar yang dibutuhkan dalam pembelajaran. Pada tahap ini dilakukan analisis kurikulum dan analisi karakteristik siswa. Selanjutnya pada tahap prototyping phase bertujuan untuk melakukan Evaluasi formatif dilakukan pada setiap prototipe yang dihasilkan. Protoyping phase terdiri atas prototipe 1, prototipe 2, prototipe 3, prototipe 4 yang merupakan hasil dari evaluasi formatif. Selanjutnya tahap assesment phase dilakukan untuk mengetahui efektivitas dari produk yang dihasilkan. Aspek efektivitas yang diamati dalam proses pembelajaran menggunakan bahan ajar tematik terpadu berbasis Project Based Learning (PjBL) adalah aktivitas siswa dan hasil belajar siswa kelas IV SD.
IMPLEMENTATION OF ECOLOGICAL INNOVATIONS IN THE SYSTEM OF ATMOSPHERIC AIR PROTECTION (AT EXAMPLE OF CLUSTER OF ENVIRONMENTAL MODERNIZATION)
Authors: Boiko Volodymyr
Published: December 2019

The peculiarities and structure of the ecological modernization cluster of atmospheric air are substantiated. The essence of stages of creation of such a cluster and the calculation of its economic efficiency with the help of the proposed methodology are revealed.
REGIONAL MEASUREMENT OF DISTRIBUTION OF RENT PAYMENTS IN FORESTRY
Authors: Sunduk Anatoly , Golub Oleg , Gamzina Olga
Published: December 2019

The problem of charging and collecting rent payments in a regional dimension is investigated. The features of formation of real and potential rent payments are revealed. The indicators of rent efficiency and financial balance are analyzed. Ways of improvement of rent policy in the field of forestry are formed.
Correction of Upper Incisor Proclination by Applying Lingual Crown Torque with Pre adjusted Lingual Brackets in a Skeletal-Class III Patient – Case Report
Authors: Nguyen Viet Anh , Lien Nguyen Vu Thai , Nga Vu Thi
Published: December 2019

BACKGROUND: After levelling and alignment in skeletal Class III patients with upper anterior crowding, the upper incisors usually have excessive proclination. In these cases, the upper incisors’ axial proclination need to be reduced to improve esthetics.
CASE REPORT: This case report presents an invisible orthodontic treatment of a 24-year-old adult female patient with skeletal Class III relationship, anterior crossbite, proclined upper incisors, and reduced incisor showing. Patients denied extraction and interproximal reduction. With multi-slotted lingual brackets and straight archwires, we applied lingual crown torque to upper anterior teeth to reduce axial proclination. The resulting uprighted position of upper incisors led to increased incisor showing. A good smile and stable occlusion were obtained after 15 months of active treatment.
CONCLUSION: The use of lingual brackets to apply lingual crown torque helps to reduce axial proclination and increasing upper incisor showing without interproximal reduction nor extraction in skeletal Class III patients with upper anterior crowding.
The Proto-Governance of Minecraft Servers
Authors: Rolfes Louis , Passig Kathrin
Published: December 2019

There is a widespread assumption that the times when self-regulating internet communities allowed users to experiment with new forms of societal organization are over. Today, many commercial platforms impose rules on ‘their’ communities and leave little room for users to organize themselves. And yet, there are still environments that allow freedom for communities to explore new forms of living together. One of these environments is the multiplayer online game Minecraft. In Minecraft, players, not the game company, manage their servers through traditional legal instruments and software plugins. This provides us with the rare opportunity to examine self-made rulesets without first having to disentangle them from the non-negotiable rules of the commercial platform. We carried out an exploratory qualitative analysis of a selection of rulesets and focus on two major aspects related to server governance: the interplay between traditional legal rules and algorithmic governance mechanisms and the forms of government that players establish. We found that written and encoded rules seem to complement but not replace each other. Minecraft servers are mostly “benevolent dictatorships,” with some server rulesets indicating a willingness of staff to abide by power-limiting rules in similar ways as constitutional documents limiting the power of the monarch.
Augmented Reality Plant & Animal Cells: Design and Evaluation of an Educational Augmented Reality Application
Authors: El Kouzi Malek , Bani-Taha Omar , McArthur Victoria
Published: December 2019

In this paper, we present a usability evaluation of a custom AR educational tool designed to improve students’ understanding of the similarities and differences between plant and animal cells. We argue that the design of the Augmented Reality Plant & Animal Cells (ARPAC) tool promotes a self-driven approach to learning by presenting textbook content as interactive, 3D models that can be uncovered by exploring sections of their school textbooks with our app. Furthermore, the design of ARPAC can be mapped easily onto other subjects, providing teachers with additional pedagogical tools to utilize in the classroom. Preliminary results of a usability study support our initial design of a textbook-driven AR application to support learning in science subjects.
Fast Cars and Fast Learning: Using Virtual Reality to Learn Literacy and Numeracy in Prison
Authors: McLauchlan Jimmy , Farley Helen
Published: December 2019

Virtual reality has the potential to vastly improve the experience of education for incarcerated learners, particularly those with limited levels of numeracy and literacy. It is estimated that nearly two-thirds of prisoners in New Zealand lack the functional numeracy and literacy they need to fully participate in everyday life. Many have had sub-optimal experiences with formal education, often leaving early and disengaging fully with education. Many more suffer from a range of learning challenges brought about by traumatic brain injury, fetal alcohol spectrum disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and a range of other conditions.The Methodist Mission Southern was contracted by the Department of Corrections New Zealand to deliver intensive literacy and numeracy training to prisoners in one of the country’s southernmost prisons. They have partnered with Animation Research Limited to design and deliver a literacy and numeracy program contextualized within a virtual mechanic’s workshop using virtual reality and tablet technologies.Data was collected through semi-structured interviews with participants and was analyzed using a thematic analysis. Gains in literacy and numeracy were also identified through a standardized literacy and numeracy assessment tool. Initial results from the pilot project are encouraging with all participants showing gains in their literacy and/or numeracy scores. Learner engagement was heightened, with all reporting positively about the program. Future iterations of the project are planned to accommodate higher-level learners and alternate scenarios.
Barriers and Enabling Factors Associated with the Implementation of Household Solar Water Disinfection: A Qualitative Study in Northwest Ethiopia
Authors: Bitew Bikes Destaw , Gete Yigzaw Kebede , Biks Gashaw Andargie , Adafrie Takele Tadesse
Published: December 2019

Household water treatment including solar disinfection (SODIS) is recognized worldwide as an important intervention for prevention and control of diarrheal and other waterborne diseases. However, in Ethiopia’s countryside, SODIS is not being practiced. Therefore, the objective of this qualitative study conducted in villages of Dabat district in northwest Ethiopia was to explore barriers to and enabling factors for consistent and wider implementation of SODIS. This phenomenological study design included four focus group discussions with 25 parents of children younger than 5 years and interviews with four key informants to elicit their experiences and opinions. ATLAS.ti 8.0 software (GmbH, Berlin, Germany) was used for data organization, and the content was analyzed thematically. Enabling factors were categorized into four themes, such as supportive values for SODIS (positive attitude, advantage of SODIS, and cultural acceptance of SODIS), consistent use of SODIS (community’s interest, health education, availability of bright sunlight, and simplicity of the method), participation of family and community in daily implementation of the SODIS process (controlling theft of bottles and recognizing the importance of SODIS technology), and willingness to pay for new polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottles. On the other hand, barriers were grouped into three themes such as sociocultural (poor knowledge, hesitation to leave SODIS bottles unguarded outdoor, less attention, and unplanned social events), environmental (cloud, shadow over SODIS bottles, turbidity and leeches in source water, and geographical settings), and behavioral (mishandling of SODIS bottles and drinking water). The analysis of the data revealed that all the participants had positive attitude toward the implementation of SODIS, and it was culturally accepted. They identified the barriers to and enabling factors for the implementation of SODIS. Promoting enabling factors and mitigating barriers are substantially important for consistent implementation of SODIS as a long-term interventional measure widely in rural Ethiopia for the achievement of the goal of safe drinking water for all.
Impact of age on postoperative complications following bariatric surgery
Authors: Ahmed Anwar E. , Alanazi Wala R. , ALMuqbil Bashayr I. , AlJohi Wijdan A. , AlRasheed Budor A. , AlBuraikan Doaa A. , Ahmed Rayan A.
Published: December 2019

Background: The impact of age on complications following bariatric surgery remains unclear. Research is therefore warranted among previously unstudied populations of bariatric surgery patients. The aim of the current study was to assess the impact of age on postoperative complications following bariatric surgery in Saudi Arabia. Methods: This retrospective study included 301 patients who underwent bariatric surgery between January 2011 and July 2016. Patients were classified into three groups according to age: < 25 years; 25–36 years; and >36 years. Primary outcomes were determined by identifying the number of complications reported during a period of 180 days. The negative binomial model was used to assess the relationship between age and the high rate of postoperative complications following adjustment for confounding variables. Results: The incidence of overall complications was 10.1% in the < 25-year age group, 15% in the 25–36-year age group, and 24.2% in the >36-year age group. After adjusting for confounding variables, it was discovered that the risk of postoperative complications increases with age. The risk was higher in the >36-year age group than in the >25-year age group [adjusted relative rate (aRR) = 2.35; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.046–5.290; p = 0.039]. Diabetes (aRR = 3.27), adjustable gastric bands (aRR = 3.40), and a more lengthy hospital stay (aRR = 1.23) were associated with increased rates of postoperative complications. Conclusion: Age is independently associated with a high rate of postoperative complications following bariatric surgery. The results showed that patients with diabetes, those using adjustable gastric bands, and those with longer length of hospital stay had significantly higher incidence of postoperative complications. These findings indicate the need for risk stratification tools to evaluate patients as candidates for bariatric surgery and to use as a guide for identifying optimal preoperative factors.
Saudi Airlines Service Quality: Passengers’ Perceptions toward SAUDIA Operational Procedures Pre-flight Services: An Empirical Investigation
Authors: AlGhamdi Hani A.
Published: December 2019

The study aimed at assessing service quality (SQ) of Saudi Arabian Airlines (SAUDIA); the sole national air transporter in Saudi Arabia. Considering the SERVQUAL model developed by Parasuraman et al. (1985), the study used a developed scale dedicated to Airlines industry. The nine dimensions scale “ASQUAL” included: declaration practices, planning practices, front offices procedures, technological self-processes, crew practices, operational procedures, equipping processes, hospitality practices, and warranty procedures. Among those dimensions, this study focused on the ASQUAL sixth dimension: operational procedures. For this purpose, 502 questionnaires were collected and analyzed from different gender, passengers classes, educational levels, and ages. With its Eight factors, the operational procedures dimension used in this study and revealed that the passengers were in general unsatisfied about the quality of the operational procedures services (OPSQ) provided by SAUDIA. The measured factors were: Waiting Time (Counters Queue), Frequent Announcements (Final Boarding & Pre-flight), On-Time (Flight Departure), Waiting Time (Baggage Arrival). The other remaining factors were: Announcement (Guidance to Specific Baggage Carousel), Safety (Delivered Baggage), Announcement (Replacement for Delayed Flight), and Pre-announcement (Replacement for Canceled Flight / 7+ Days Prior). The study showed that there -at least- two operational services were unoffered by SAUDIA. The contributions of this study to the existent literature in services quality are assessed together with the contributions made to the air transport industry. The limitations of the study discussed, the recommendations addressed, and the potential for future research in this filed indicated.
The Role of Religiosity in Intimate Relationships
Authors: Lakatos Csilla , Martos Tamás
Published: December 2019

In this study, we aimed to review the literature on the relationship between religiosity and intimate relationship functioning. Since religious approaches put the relationship and the life of the couple in a broader perspective and give it a special character, religiosity may have a significant influence on the relationship of religious couples. Scientific research in recent years has widely confirmed the long-standing observation that religiosity is manifested in the relationship of religious couples, and this is reflected in both positive and negative aspects. In a positive context, religiosity plays a supportive role in relationships and has a positive effect on the stability and quality of the relationship as well as on the physical and psychological well-being of the couple and other family members. We present three theoretical frameworks which, in the past few years, have greatly contributed to understanding the effects of religiosity on relationships and facilitated the clarification of the diverse context of the topic. These are 1) the role of sanctification 2) marital relationship as a way of being religious and 3) marriage and religiosity as attachment-based phenomena. As a conclusion, we evaluate the major strengths and biases of the existing research, and theorize and suggest future domains for investigation.
Compassion-Oriented Mindfulness-Based Program and Health Professionals : A Single-Centered Pilot Study on Burnout
Authors: Marconi Anna , Bàlzola Maria Antonietta , Gatto Ramona , Soresini Annalisa , Mabilia Diana , Poletti Stefano
Published: December 2019

This pre-post, single-centered study evaluates the effects of a compassion-oriented mindfulness-based intervention on health professionals’ quality of life. The intervention was conducted in an Italian general hospital in the province of Milan. Between 2014 and 2015, thirty-four health professionals operating in the territorial psychiatric services followed an 18-week Compassion-Oriented Mindfulness-based Program. The program involved the practice of mindfulness meditation combined with a psycho-educational training. This pilot study analysed the impact of the intervention on mood, quality of life, and burnout-related characteristics. Outcome measures included the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, the Beck Depression Inventory, the Maslach Burnout Inventory, the Five Facets of Mindfulness Questionnaire, and the Professional Quality of Life Scale. After the intervention, participants showed significantly decreased levels of depression, state anxiety, and emotional exhaustion. We found that an overall beneficial effect of the Compassion-Oriented Mindfulness-based Program existed in preventing burnout symptomatology. Non-evaluative and mindful attention was shown to improve stress resilience and coping strategies while simultaneously reducing worry and rumination. These results suggest that a compassion-oriented mindfulness program could prevent the development of anxiety and depression traits.