bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multi-delay arterial spin labelling and conventional single-delay arterial spin labelling perfusion in nasopharyngeal carcinoma: correlation with dynamic contrast enhanced MR imaging
Authors: Tian Tongtong , Ding Rongrong , Ling Jun , Luo Xianfu , Xu Yali , Ye Jing , Tang Guangyu
Published: August 2024

Objective: The purpose of this prospective study was to investigate the potential correlation between three perfusion methods:multi-delay arterial spin labeling (MDASL),conventional single-delay arterial spin labelling(SDASL), and dynamic contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) in patients with locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (ANPC).
Materials and Methods: Forty-seven patients with locoregionally ANPC were prospectively recruited.MDASL parameters including the corrected tumor blood flow (c-TBF), arterial transit time (ATT), and associated tumor blood volume (aTBV),SDASL including the non-corrected tumor blood flow (nc-TBF), DCE-MRI quantitative parameters including Ktrans, Kep, Ve, Vp were calculated by two observers independently. The intra- and inter-observer agreement was evaluated using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Bland-Altman analysis. Relationships between MDASL, SDASL and DCE-MRI parameters were assessed using Spearman’s rank correlation.
Results: The intra- and interobserver reproducibility were observed to be excellent, with an ICC ranging from 0.81 to 0.997 and a narrow width of 95% limits of agreement. A good positive correlation was observed between MDASL-related perfusion parameters (c-TBF, aTBV) and DCE-MRI parameters (Ktrans, Kep) (Spearman’s rank correlation coefficients: 0.61 to 0.71, p < 0.001). Additionally, a slight correlation was noted between ATT values from MDASL and Ve perfusion parameters from the DCE-MRI (r=0.23,P=0.005). SDASL (nc-TBF) values showed a strong or moderate correlation with Ktrans(p<0.001,r = 0.59) and Kep (p<0.001, r=0.64), respectively. No correlation was observed between MDASL-related perfusion parameters (c-TBF and aTBV), SDASL (nc-TBF) and DCE parameters (Ve and Vp) (Spearman’s rank correlation coefficients: 0.07 to 0.145, p > 0.05).
Conclusion: MDASL multi-parametric perfusion,SDASL single-parameter perfusion and quantitative DCE-MRI parameters were correlated in the assessment of ANPC and were both reliable and reproducible.Although SDASL demonstrated a strong correlation with DCE-MRI, the correlation was slightly inferior to that of MDASL multi-parameters.MDASL, as a promising noninvasive perfusion imaging tool, may become an alternative to DCE-MRI for assessing ANPC perfusion levels in the future.
Assessing users’ experiences and integration of digital health interventions for Human Papilloma Virus vaccination and cervical cancer services in Rwanda
Authors: Sibomana Hassan , Ukwishaka Joyeuse , Mtenga Hassan , Luoga Oswald , Acosta Diane , Fisher-Borne Marcie , Soma Grace Juan , Bahizi Marcel , Uwinkindi Francois , Hagenimana Marc , Mukanyandwi Irene , Mbele Innocent , Hildebrand Maya Rivera
Published: August 2024

Background
Cervical cancer poses a significant global public health concern, especially in low- and middle-income countries like Rwanda, where access to preventive measures and screening is limited. The World Health Organization (WHO) urges nations to intensify efforts in human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination, screening, and cervical cancer treatment. However, challenges in implementation persist. Digital health solutions have gained attention as potential solutions to enhance the effectiveness and accessibility of these interventions. This study assesses users’ experience including acceptability, satisfaction, and integration, of the digital health interventions for HPV vaccination and cervical cancer screening in Rwanda.
Methodology
Employing a qualitative approach, the study engaged 15 participants through purposeful sampling, ensuring data saturation and maximum variation. We conducted semi-structured, face-to-face interviews with key informants in selected Rwandan healthcare facilities offering HPV vaccination and cervical cancer services. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, and subjected to manual coding and thematic analysis to extract common themes and patterns. Anonymous quotes were utilized to illustrate these themes.
Results
User experiences with digital health interventions, particularly regarding usability, acceptability, and satisfaction, have been largely positive. Nevertheless, transitioning from paper-based to digital systems has presented challenges, including limited computer literacy among users, initial resistance to change, and a shortage of necessary equipment. Factors such as leadership commitment, technical support, and supervision have been critical in the successful implementation of these digital interventions.
Conclusion
The study offers valuable insights into the advantages, obstacles, and methods to improve adoption and effectiveness of digital health interventions in cervical cancer prevention, aiming to reduce the disease burden in Rwanda. Moreover, the findings provide potential global insights for similar initiatives in cervical cancer prevention, suggesting broader applicability and significance of this research in other contexts.
Evaluation of corticoresistance in patients with Thyroid Eye Disease and use of Rituximab as a second-line treatment
Authors: Pekarova Klara , Schovanek Jan , Dohnal Roman , Radvansky Martin , Karasek David , Karhanova Marta
Published: August 2024

Purpose: High-dose intravenous glucocorticoids are the standard first-line treatment in active, moderate to severe and severe thyroid eye disease (TED). We evaluate the usefulness of CAS and TSI as predictors and/or post-treatment markers of corticoresistance in patients with TED and the effect of Rituximab in second-line treatment.
Methods: We enrolled 236 patients with an active TED into this retrospective single-tertiary-center cohort study. All patients were initially treated with high-dose systemic glucocorticoids. Rituximab was later administered to 29 of 42 corticoresistant patients.
Results: The CAS of the corticoresistant patients was significantly higher both before (p = 0.0001) and after (p = <0.0001) first-line treatment compared to the corticosensitive group. ROC analysis established the cut-point value as CAS ≥ 2.5 with a sensitivity of 96.3%, specificity of 57.5% and area under the curve of 82.8%. In 22 patients treated with Rituximab, CAS gradually decreased to zero values without reactivation during extended follow-up. There was no difference in the TSI of corticosensitive and corticoresistant patients before or after first-line therapy.
Conclusion: CAS ≥ 2, after first-line treatment, could be used as a corticoresistance marker. Corticoresistant patients should be subject to long-term follow-up for early detection of reactivation to reduce the delay to second-line treatment. Rituximab is a well-tolerated choice of second-line treatment and has a long-lasting effect on disease activity. Although TSI is a valuable biomarker of Graves’ disease and TED activity, according to our results, TSI cannot be used as a marker of corticoresistance.
Muscular robusticity and strength in the lower extremities in elite handball players
Authors: Zsakai Annamaria , Ratz-Sulyok Fanny Zselyke , Jang-Kapuy Csilla , Petridis Leonidas , Bakonyi Peter , Juhasz Istvan , Szabo Tamas
Published: August 2024

The relationship between structural and functional of parameters of skeletal muscles in young athletes needs further observations. The analyses of their age-group differences, sexual dimorphism, asymmetry characteristics in body regions, in sports having different pattern of physical loading could serve important information in this topic. 175 elite Hungarian handball players aged between 14 and 21 years were examined in 2023. Muscle mass component of the body segments was estimated by DEXA method and muscle thickness of the anterior mid-thigh region was measured by a new ultrasonic technique. The strength of knee extensor muscles was assessed by using an isokinetic protocol (Kineosystem dynamometer). A strong association between muscle robusticity and strength in the thigh region was confirmed in males, but not in females. Asymmetry in muscle mass reflected in the asymmetry in the knee extensor strength. A new predictive equation of muscle mass in the jumping leg and the total body from the muscle thickness in the anterior mid-thigh region of jumping leg was introduced. The exploration and understanding of asymmetric structural and functional adaptations can help athletes and trainers in planning the training and training interventions to reduce the risk of injuries.
Endophytes and soil microorganisms participate in the germination of Sinojackia xylocarpa Hu by degrading the pericarp
Authors: Li Zi-Hao , Ma Xin-Yi , Yang Huan , Zang Run-Guo , Li Jiaru
Published: August 2024

Sinojackia xylocarpa is a rare endemic genus in China, and is endangered in their wild habitats. For endangered rare species, sexual propagation is significant for their protection of genetic diversity and restoration of wild population. Especially for S. xylocarpa, the artificially cultivated population is expanded by vegetative propagation, which could lead to a lack of diversity. The fruits of S. xylocarpa require stratification to germinate, during which the hard pericarp becomes soft, and endophytes and soil microorganisms are considered to be involved in the process. Amplicon sequencing was used to analyze the changes in microbial community structure and the role of microorganisms in pericarp degradation. Analyses of pericarp from fresh and stratified fruits of different stages revealed that the abundance of endophytic bacteria in pericarp presented an overall increasing trend as the stratification processing; endophytic bacteria in stratified pericarp can produce beta-glucosidase to participate in the degradation of the pericarp. Soil fungal diversity analyses of different stages showed that the highest levels of the two samples of fungi function clustering is saprophytic in nutritional type; guild model also indicated that wooden saprophytic fungi abundance increased obviously; further the effect of degrading pericarp of four strains isolated from stratified pericarp are confirmed. Results above indicate that soil fungi are involved in the degradation. Breaking seed dormancy with microorganisms has the potential to be applied to endangered plants that face difficulties in germination, especially in their natural habitats.
The Effect of Compression Reinforcement on the Shear Behavior of Concrete Beams with Hybrid Reinforcement
Authors: Ibrahim Abdulrahman A. , Rasheed Mohammed M.
Published: August 2024

This study examines the impact of steel compression reinforcement on the shear behavior of concrete beams reinforced with glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) bars, steel bars, and hybrid reinforcement of GFRP and steel bars. Nine beams, measuring (1200 mm x 150 mm x 250 mm), were tested under a three-point loading system. The beams were divided into three groups based on the GFRP-to-steel reinforcement ratio in the tensile region: T1 (100% steel), T2 (50% GFRP, 50% steel), and T3 (100% GFRP). Each group had three beams that differed in the amount of compression reinforcement as a percentage of tensile reinforcement (0%, about 50%, and about 100%). Beams fully reinforced with GFRP showed a significant decrease in ultimate load capacity compared to those with hybrid or steel reinforcement. Beams with partial or full GFRP reinforcement exhibited wider cracks and higher deflection than steel-reinforced beams. Conversely, adding compression reinforcement increased ultimate load capacity, particularly in beams with the highest compression reinforcement amount, and reduced deflections, strains, crack widths and crack formation across all groups. This behavior underscores the lower stiffness of GFRP and the benefits of adding compression reinforcement, which enhanced the stiffness and shear strength of the tested beams. Hybrid reinforcement of GFRP and steel bars in the tensile region, paired with an adequate amount of compression reinforcement, provides an optimal reinforcement strategy. This approach balances stiffness and ductility, and enhances the shear capacity and overall performance of concrete beams compared to those reinforced only with GFRP.
Diversification of the European bladdernuts (Staphylea, Staphyleaceae) in context of the whole genus and the rich fossil record
Authors: Vetters Herlinde , Affenzeller Matthias , Tribsch Andreas
Published: August 2024

Staphyleaceae is a small family of shrubs and trees with its name-giving genus Staphylea having a highly disjunct distribution. Staphylea has a rich fossil record and was an important element in warm temperate Tertiary forests and is therefore regarded as a Tertiary relict. Based on DNA-sequence analyses of the nuclear marker ITS 1–2 and the chloroplast marker trnL-F as well as AFLP fingerprinting (Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphisms) we gained more insights into the evolution and diversification of the two ‶European″ bladdernut species, the widespread diploid Staphylea pinnata and the tetraploid Staphylea colchica of the Caucasus. As the Caucasus is located west of the Ural Mountains, we consider both species as European. Staphylea pinnata seems to be involved in the hybridization of the likely allo-poly-ploidization of Staphylea colchica together with an unknown, supposedly now extinct species. Ancient repeat types of ITS 1–2 in Staphylea pinnata of Central Europe and Georgia suggested possible glacial refugia in Georgia, sequence similarity (especially a characteristic gap) in ITS 1–2 sequences of Ukrainian and Central European samples indicate refugia also in Ukraine. Staphylea emodi, the only Staphylea species of Central Asia (Tibetan Plateau), was in our research more closely related to the European species than to American representatives.
Differences by race and ethnicity in drug use patterns, harm reduction practices and barriers to treatment among people who use drugs in Rhode Island
Authors: Parker Samantha , Reichley Nya , Biello Katie B. , Goldman Jacqueline , Buxton Jane A. , Hadland Scott E. , Sherman Susan G. , Marshall Brandon D.L. , Macmadu Alexandria
Published: August 2024

Background: As in much of the United States, there have been significant increases in overdose deaths among non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic/Latinx populations in Rhode Island over the past decade. Given the shifting dynamics of the overdose epidemic, there is an urgent need for focused interventions that address the specific needs of diverse communities. This study explores differences in drug use patterns, harm reduction behaviors and types and barriers to treatment by race and ethnicity.
Methods: This study utilized baseline data from the Rhode Island Prescription and Illicit Drug Study (RAPIDS). We assessed sociodemographic characteristics, drug use patterns, harm reduction practices, treatment type, and barriers to treatment in a cross-sectional analysis of people who use drugs (PWUD), stratified by race and ethnicity (non-Hispanic white, non-Hispanic Black, non-Hispanic other race, and Hispanic). Chi-square tests of independence and ANOVA tests were used to identify statistically significant differences by race and ethnicity.
Results: Among 509 participants, the median age was 43, and the majority were men (64%). Non-Hispanic Black participants reported significantly less regular use of unregulated opioids, such as heroin (10%) and fentanyl (12%), as compared to non-Hispanic white participants (39% and 33%, respectively). Non-Hispanic Black participants reported significantly less experience responding to overdoses: only 39% had ever administered naloxone and 34% had ever performed rescue breathing, as compared to 67% and 57% among non-Hispanic white participants, respectively. Despite significant differences in drug use patterns, there were few differences in harm reduction practices by race and ethnicity. Current treatment enrollment was highest among those who were non-Hispanic white (38%) and lowest among those who were non-Hispanic Black (7%).
Conclusions: These findings suggest that there are differences in overdose response experience and treatment exposure between non-Hispanic Black PWUD and those belonging to other racial and ethnic groups, indicating a need for enhanced investment in overdose response education, naloxone distribution and treatment access for non-Hispanic Black PWUD.
A Vanadium Redox Flow Process for Carbon Capture and Energy Storage
Authors: Rahimi Mohammad (Mim) , Afshari Mohsen , Refaie Abdelrahman , Aleta Prince , Hassan Ahmad
Published: August 2024

Climate change mitigation by decreasing worldwide CO2 emissions is an urgent and demanding challenge that requires innovative technical solutions. This work, inspired by vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFB), introduces an integrated electrochemical process for carbon capture and energy storage. It utilizes established vanadium and ferricyanide redox couples for pH modulation for CO2 desorption and absorbent regeneration. The developed process consumes electricity during the daytime—when renewable electricity is available—to desorb CO2 and charge the cell, and it can regenerate the absorbent for further CO2 absorption while releasing electricity to the grid during nighttime when solar power is unavailable. This research explores the process fundamentals and scalability potential, through an extensive study of the system's thermodynamics, transport phenomena, kinetics, and bench-scale operations. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) was utilized to study the thermodynamics of the process, mapping the redox profiles to identify ideal potential windows for operation. The CV results pinpointed a 0.3 V Nernstian overpotential as the thermodynamic minimum required for cell operation. Additionally, polarization studies were conducted to select the practical operating potential, identifying 0.5 V as optimal for the CO2 desorption cycle to provide sufficient polarity to overcome activation barriers in addition to the Nernstian potential. Mass transfer analysis balanced conductivity and desorption efficiency, with a 1:1 ratio identified as optimal for redox-active species and background electrolyte concentration. To further enhance the kinetics of the redox reactions, plasma treatment of electrode surfaces was implemented, resulting in a 43% decrease in charge transfer resistance, as measured by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) analysis. Finally, a bench-scale operation of the system demonstrated an energy consumption of 54 kJ/mol CO2, which is competitive with other electrochemical carbon capture technologies. Besides its energy competitiveness, the process offers multiple additional advantages, including the elimination of precious metal electrodes, oxygen insensitivity in flue gas, scalability inspired by VRFB technology, and the unique ability to function as a battery during the absorbent regeneration process, enabling efficient day-night operation.
An efficient method to induce polyploidization pollen in Chinese cork oak
Authors: Li Rui , Shi Yang , Yang Qinsong , Li Guolei
Published: August 2024

Quercus variabilis is a widely distributed species of cork oak in East Asia, with significant ecological and economic value. However, its slow growth rate limits its overall value and applications, and the ploidy advantage of multiploidy can improve its growth rate. Therefore, it is of great significance to establish a technological system to artificially induce polyploidization (2n) pollen for of Q. variabilis. Colchicine injections and high-temperature treatments were administered to the floral buds to induce 2n pollen in Q. variabilis. The impact of colchicine injection and high-temperature treatments on the surface structure of 2n pollen grains and pollen viability was examined using scanning electron microscopy and in vitro germination tests. This study differentiated the characteristics of flower bud development and meiotic stages of microspore mother cells of Q. variabilis, induced 2n pollen in Q. variabilis through colchicine and high-temperature, respectively, and compared the effects of different induction methods on pollen. The most effective condition for inducing 2n pollen (13.54%) using colchicine is to inject a 0.5% colchicine solution seven times when microspore cells enter the pachytene stage. The most effective condition for high-temperature induction of 2n pollen (29.63%) is to apply a six hours of 42°C heat treatment as microspore cells enter the metaphase Ⅰ stage. Comparatively, high-temperature treatment is more effective in inducing 2n pollen in Q. variabilis. This lays an important foundation for further development of triploid germplasm innovation in Q. variabilis. It also provides a new approach for the polyploidy of Quercus species.
Enhancing Malware Detection through Ensemble Learning Techniques
Authors: Moujoud First Loubna , Ayache Second Meryeme , Belmekki Third Abdelhamid
Published: August 2024

The pervasive threat of malware presents a significant challenge to cybersecurity efforts worldwide, necessitating advanced and adaptive detection mechanisms. Traditional malware detection systems, relying on signature-based or heuristic analyses, struggle to keep pace with the rapidly evolving landscape of malware tactics, techniques, and procedures. In response, this paper explores the efficacy of ensemble learning techniques in the context of malware detection, offering three scenarios of ensemble models. The evaluation is conducted using a diverse dataset of malware samples, encompassing a wide range of malware types and behaviors. Through rigorous testing and validation, we demonstrate that ensemble learning models significantly outperform single-model approaches in detecting novel and sophisticated malware. The results highlight the potential of ensemble learning to improve detection accuracy and reduce false positive rates.
Dropout from Maternity Continuum of Care and Associated Factors Among Mothers in Arabsiyo District, Marodijeh Region, Somaliland: A Community-based Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Jama Hassan Abdi , Abdeeq Barkhad Aden , Mohamed Mustakim , Mohamed Ahmed Ismail , Yitbarek Kiddus
Published: August 2024

Background
Dropout from the maternity continuum of care is defined as not having ANC 4 and more visits during pregnancy, delivering out of a health facility, and not having a postnatal check-up. The continuum of care for maternal health in Sub-Saharan countries is low. In 2021, the overall utilization of maternal health care in Sub-Saharan countries showed 87.9%. The aim of this study is to determine dropout from maternity continuum care and associated factors among mothers in Arabsiyo Community, Gabiley District, Somaliland
Methods
Community Based Cross-section study was employed among mothers in Arabsiyo District, Somaliland. A total of 273 mothers were interviewed using simple random sampling technique. Quantitative data was collected using a semi-structured questionnaire. SPSS version 25 was entered and analyzed the data. Descriptive statistics, bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to summarize the findings and p-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results
The overall dropout from the maternity continuum of care is 78.4% (95% CI: 72.8 - 83.2%). Mothers who did not receive information about maternal health such ANC, Institutional delivery, and PNC were (AOR=4.29, 95% CI: 2.29 - 8.00, P-value <0.01). Similarly, Mothers who were not satisfied with ANC, Institutional delivery, and postanal care services had (AOR=3.07, 95% CI: 1.53 - 6.16, P-value <0.01). Mothers who resident rural were (AOR 2.03, 95% Cl: 1.13 - 3.65, P-value <0.01) were associated factors with the dropouts from maternity continuum of care.
Conclusions
Identifying wherever drop-out arises can enable populations to better target interventions. Four or more ANC visits, institutional delivery and postnatal care follow-ups plays a significant role within the continuum of care and permits more programmatic consideration. Policies and strategies to ensure that vital services are available to all women and implement to awareness women regarding information seeking and benefit of attend antenatal care can diminish the birth complication for the future maternal health.
Stability Analysis of Pillar Goaf Group and Mining Sequence Optimization of Deep Untouched Ore Body
Authors: Li Shuai , Huang Qi , Hu Boyi , Chen Junyu , Wu Jianjun , Yang Jianguo , Zhou Xinghui , Wang Xinmin
Published: August 2024

For many years, the lead-zinc mine of Suichang Gold Mine has been mined by the segmented open-field method, and the mining above 500 m has been basically completed, forming a high-stage and large-span columnar goaf group, which is very easy to produce roof fall, slope fragmentation and instability collapse, and then leading to large-scale ground pressure disasters, causing surface subsidence and collapse, and endangering the safety of mining operations of deep untouched ore bodies. In order to better discuss the stability of the goaf, Flac3D is used for numerical simulation through field investigation and indoor rock mechanics experiment to analyze the stability change of the upper goaf before and after filling and its impact on the deep untouched orebody, and simulate the stability of the deep untouched orebody after the goaf is mined out and whether the hidden danger of safety can be eliminated after filling. Discuss the necessity of filling the levels of 260m ~ 290m, 300m ~ 390m, 420m ~ 500m, and 528m ~ 610m, and optimize the mining sequence of deep untouched ore bodies. The results show that the level 260m ~ 290m, 300m ~ 390m, 420m ~ 500m, and 540m ~ 610m should be filled with cementitious filling with a cement-sand ratio of 1:20, and the level 528m ~ 540m should be filled with cementitious filling with a cement-sand ratio of 1:8. Finally, the process and laws of goaf destruction are analyzed through the chain theory of disaster.
Berberis SP. In the American Extreme South: Archaeobotanical Record of Use by Patagonian Hunter-gatherers During the Holocene
Authors: Fermé Caruso , Macchioni N. , Massaferro G. , Zapata C.
Published: August 2024

The general objective of this work is to deepen the knowledge on the use of Berberis sp. wood among Patagonian hunter-gatherer societies during the Holocene. For this purpose, the presence of Berberis sp. remains in the Patagonian archeological sites and the existence of artifacts made with Berberis sp. wood belonging to the ethnographic collections are studied. The physical properties (density) of the wood of these shrubs are also analyzed. The results obtained show the recovery of Berberis sp. remains in 24 Patagonian archaeological sites. At the sites Cerro Casa de Piedra 5 and Cerro Casa de Piedra 7, different types of Berberis sp. remains and wooden artifacts were recovered. The basal density of the samples of Berberis sp. taken allows them to be considered as medium-heavy woods of medium density. Finally, the results achieved show the selection and use of Berberis sp. wood as raw material for artifact manufacture from early times (9,390 ± 40 BP) until the contact with Europeans (19th century-early 20th century).
CXCL8 (IL-8)-pyroptosis-related genes as potential biomarkers for predicting prognosis in CRC
Authors: Pan Dingguo , Bi Chengwei , Hao Jingchao , Li Qiang , Guo Guanghui , Yang Zhaoyu , Li Yunfeng
Published: August 2024

Aim
Pyroptosis plays an important role in initiating and progressing several cancers, one of these cancers is colorectal cancer (CRC). CXCL8 (IL-8) can promote angiogenesis, proliferation, invasion, migration and survival of CRC cells. This study aimed to investigate the role of CXCL8 (IL-8)-pyroptosis-related genes in CRC.
Methods
We analyzed CRC gene expression using UCSC Xena and GEO’s GSE39582, identifying Differentially expressed genes(DEGs) and pyroptosis-related genes. We derived pyroptosis scores via ssGSEA and integrated these with CXCL8(IL-8) expression using WGCNA to detect related genes. These genes underwent enrichment analysis, and selected biomarkers through Cox and LASSO regression formed a validated risk model for CRC. This facilitated the creation of a prognostic nomogram and allowed for further gene set enrichment and immune microenvironment analysis.
Results
We intersected DEGs with CXCL8(IL-8)-pyroptosis genes to find 458 relevant DEGs. Five biomarkers were identified using Cox and LASSO regression for a risk model, which was validated using the GSE39582 dataset. The nomogram’s accuracy was confirmed by calibration, DCA, and ROC curves. KEGG_APOPTOSIS and related pathways were enriched. Analysis revealed 26 distinct immune cells varying between high and low-risk groups, with RiskScore and Activated B cells having the strongest negative correlation.
Conclusion
Five biomarkers that are associated with CXCL8 (IL-8) and pyroptosis in CRC were investigated. Risk modelling, immune microenvironment analysis and functional pathway enrichment analysis were carried out to enhance our understanding of CRC.
Local excitations of functional eigenmodes characterize spatiotemporally coordinated neural dynamics in the human brain
Authors: Gore John , Zhao Yu , Zu Zhongliang , Wu Min , Gao Yurui , Chen Yuhao , Zhang Wenjing , Ding Zhaohua , Lui Su
Published: August 2024

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has been widely employed for brain function mapping by localizing neural activities evoked by conditional stimuli, with temporal variations in fMRI signals modeled as superpositions of linear hemodynamic responses to these stimuli. However, this standard model overlooks the brain’s nonlinear responses to external stimuli and inherent spatial organizations of brain activities. The dynamics of many natural systems can be well described by their eigenmodes, which are the fundamental resonant patterns determined by their internal structures. Here, we explore the potential of characterizing brain dynamics in a framework that integrates temporal and spatial profiles of brain activities using an eigenmode paradigm. Specifically, spatiotemporally coordinated neural dynamics are represented as local excitations of brain eigenmodes derived from functional connectomes that reflect the brain’s axonal connection structures. We found that eigenmode-represented signals can reliably characterize subtle spatiotemporal trajectories of brain dynamics. Through this representation, we further reveal the widespread existence of non-linear brain responses, which potentially bias the results of conventional analyses. To map brain functions with non-linearity explicitly considered, we exploited the similarity in eigenmode-represented signals measured under repeated stimuli to identify evoked brain responses. Our findings demonstrate that cognitive tasks elicit more extensive engagements of brain networks than those detected using linear models, unveiling previously underappreciated neural architectures underlying specific brain functions. Moreover, our results of function mapping exhibit significantly enhanced individual-level repeatability and accelerated convergence to group consensus, enabling investigations into personalized brain function and potentially advancing applications of fMRI that target individual brain variations.
Co-existence of Fahr’s syndrome with a Meningioma: A Case Report and Literature review.
Authors: Welhenge Chiranthi , Fernando Kavindya , Fernando Nilshan , Ranawaka Udaya
Published: August 2024

Bilateral basal ganglia calcification is associated with various neurological, metabolic and infectious conditions. Fahr’s syndrome, characterized by basal ganglia calcification in the presence of secondary causes, is uncommon. The association of bilateral basal ganglia calcification with a brain tumour has only been rarely described. We present a case of Fahr’s syndrome coexisting with a calcified meningioma. A 62-year-old woman with a history of total thyroidectomy presented with a generalized tonic-clonic seizure. Imaging revealed bilateral basal ganglia calcifications and a calcified meningioma. Biochemical analysis confirmed hypocalcemia with an inappropriately low parathyroid hormone level suggestive of primary hypoparathyroidism, associated with hyperphosphatemia and hypomagnesemia. Despite magnesium correction, persistent hypocalcemia was noted, attributed to possible parathyroid gland injury during thyroidectomy. The co-occurrence of a cerebral tumour with Fahr’s syndrome has not been previously reported. This case highlights the importance of correlation of biochemical evaluation with neuroimaging.
WITHDRAWN: Decoupling the Unconventional Catalytic Kinetics of Dual-Field-Regulated Chaotic High-Entropy Ceramics towards Li2S4 Intermediate
Authors: Liu Handing , Zhou Lin , Liu Ji-Xuan , Zhang Xinrui , Yao Yixi , Wang Ruirui , Chen Ziliang , Zhang Guojun
Published: August 2024

Electrocatalytic performance of high-entropy ceramics have been recognized as a pivotal prerequisite to realizing ultra-durability for Li-S batteries. However, the dynamics of accurately capturing Li2S4 are full of unknowns, thus a comprehensive understanding of the mechanism between dynamic control factors and electrocatalytic performance remains largely unexplored. Here, we visually present the Li2S4 electrocatalytic process and accurately identify that high-entropy engineering of rare earth sites leads to positive modifications in crystal field splitting energy and electronegativity. In conjunction with theoretical analysis, the adsorption energy of Li2S4 is optimized by the electronic structure and covalency under dual-fields (electric field and crystal field) regulation, lead to efficient electrocatalytic performance. These findings have enabled us to develop a run of more than 10000 hours of ultra-durable ceramic electrocatalyst (La0.15Nd0.15Sm0.4Eu0.15Gd0.15)2Zr2O7 as sulfur cathode (HEZO-S). This basic understanding of the intrinsic relationship provides a feasible high-entropy strategy for the design of advanced catalysts for lithium-sulfur batteries.
Transcallosal white matter and cortical gray matter variations in autistic adults ages 30-73 years: A bi-tensor free water imaging approach
Authors: Shin Young Seon , Christensen Danielle , Wang Jingying , Shirley Desirae J. , Orlando Ann-Marie , Romero Regilda A. , Wilkes Bradley J. , Vaillancourt David E. , Coombes Stephen , Wang Zheng
Published: August 2024

Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has long been recognized as a lifelong condition, but brain aging studies in autistic adults aged >30 years are limited. Free water, a novel brain imaging marker derived from diffusion MRI (dMRI), has shown promise in differentiating typical and pathological aging and monitoring brain degeneration. We aimed to examine free water and free water corrected dMRI measures to assess white and gray matter microstructure and their associations with age in autistic adults.
Methods: Forty-three autistic adults ages 30-73 years and 43 age, sex, and IQ matched neurotypical controls participated in this cross-sectional study. We quantified fractional anisotropy (FA), free water, and free water-corrected FA (fwcFA) across 32 transcallosal white matter tracts and 94 gray matter areas in autistic adults and neurotypical controls. Follow-up analyses assessed age effect on dMRI metrics of the whole brain for both groups and the relationship between dMRI metrics and clinical measures of ASD in regions that significantly differentiated autistic adults from controls.
Results: We found globally elevated free water in 24 transcallosal tracts in autistic adults. We identified negligible differences in dMRI metrics in gray matter between the two groups. Age-associated FA reductions and free water increases were featured in neurotypical controls; however, this brain aging profile was largely absent in autistic adults. Additionally, greater autism quotient (AQ) total raw score was associated with increased free water in the inferior frontal gyrus pars orbitalis and lateral orbital gyrus in autistic adults.
Limitations: All autistic adults were cognitively capable individuals, minimizing the generalizability of the research findings across the spectrum. This study also involved a cross-sectional design, which limited inferences about the longitudinal microstructural changes of white and gray matter in ASD.
Conclusions: We identified differential microstructural configurations between white and gray matter in autistic adults and that autistic individuals present more heterogeneous brain aging profiles compared to controls. Our clinical correlation analysis offered new evidence that elevated free water in some localized white matter tracts may critically contribute to autistic traits in ASD. Our findings underscored the importance of quantifying free water in dMRI studies of ASD.
Smallholder Farmers’ Perceptions on the Importance of Indigenoius Knowledge for Crop Productivity in the East Showa Zone of Oromia, Ethiopia
Authors: Teshome Workineh , Chagwiza C
Published: August 2024

This article aimed to assess the perceived importance of indigenous knowledge (IK) for crop productivity among smallholder farmers in the districts of the East Showa Zone of Oromia, Ethiopia. A mixed research design involving both qualitative and quantitative data was used for the article. A sample of 125 smallholder farmers was selected using a simple random sampling technique in which the lottery method was used. Descriptive statistics such as frequency, percentage and an econometric model (ordered probit model) were used for analyzing the quantitative data. The qualitative data gathered through open-ended questions were organized, interpreted and analyzed in the form of theme descriptions. The results revealed that indigenous agricultural knowledge plays an important role in boosting crop production, but its potential is limited by inadequate literacy, poor extension support and modernization, among other factors. The model results indicated that respondent age, household size, farming experience, annual income, IK training and extension contact significantly influenced the perceived attributes of IK practices. This suggests that respondents’ personal, socioeconomic and psychological variables are among the major factors determining the perceived importance of IK for crop productivity. It is recommended that extension workers work very closely with smallholder farmers and incorporate IK practices in their extension duties, and efforts should also be made to strengthen adult literacy and diversify income sources in the studied communities.
Case Report
“Laparoscopic Management of Strangulated Left-sided Amyand’s Hernia in a Child: A Case Report”
Authors: Madany Mohie El-Din Mostafa
Published: August 2024

Background/Aims Amyand’s hernia is a rare condition where the appendix is found within the sac of an inguinal hernia, and it can either be inflamed/perforated or non-inflamed in an irreducible hernia. Left-sided AH is less common than right-sided, and its management is challenging, especially in the pediatric age group.Case Presentation We present a case of an 18-month-old male child with a history of left groin hernia since birth, who presented with a sudden increase in the size of the hernia, associated with vomiting and tenderness. A laparoscopic exploration revealed entrapped loops of the intestine in the left internal ring, which was successfully reduced without any injury or complication. The contents of the hernia included the terminal ileum, the ileocecal junction, the caecum, and the appendix, which were all viable. The internal ring was repaired using prolene sutures, and the peritoneum was closed using vicryl sutures. The child had an uneventful postoperative course and was discharged on the same day of surgery.Conclusions This case highlights the importance of prompt diagnosis and appropriate surgical management in pediatric patients with AH to prevent complications and ensure optimal outcomes. Also, laparoscopic reduction and repair of an incarcerated left-sided AH is a safe and effective procedure in pediatric patients. Laparoscopic management offers several advantages over open techniques and is a suitable alternative.
The Effect of Exchange Rate On the Performance of Manufacturing Sector
Authors: Ayodeji Peter
Published: August 2024

This work examines the effect of exchange rate on the performance of manufacturing sector. Yearly data were used from 1996 to 2020. The Auto Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) was used to analyze the data, and the yearly data were sourced from Word Development indicator (WDI) and Nigeria Bureau of Statistics. This research work considers exchange rate and some selected product classification to account for the rate of performance of manufacturing sector. Based on ARDL approach, test was carried out on each dependent variable and the independent variable to check the long and short run regression findings for the coefficient of the lagged values of the dependent and independent variables. Some diagnostic test like the serial correlation test, heteroskedasticity test, and stability test were also carried out on the variables. From the results obtained, export values of clothing and textiles was negatively statistically significant, import inputs of food and beverages was also negatively statistically significant, total manufacturing output was negatively statistically significant, while value added of medium and high-tech products was positively significant in explaining manufacturing performance. This means that exchange rate has both negative and positive effect on manufacturing performance.
Development of Comic Strip Learning Media on Human Reproductive System Material in Class XI MA Madani Alauddin Pao-Pao
Authors: Daud Syamsul , Zulkarnaim Zulkarnaim , Hasanah Ummul
Published: August 2024

This study aims to 1) determine the characteristics of comic strip learning media on human reproductive system material class XI at MA Madani Alauddin Pao-pao. 2) to know the level of validity of comic strip learning media on the material of human reproductive system class XI at MA Madani Alauddin Pao-pao. 3) to know the level of practicality of comic strip learning media on the material of human reproductive system class XI at MA Madani Alauddin Pao-pao. 4) to know the level of effectiveness of comic strip learning media on human reproductive system material in class XI at MA Madani Alauddin Pao-pao. This type of research is research and development by referring to the ADDIE model which has five stages, namely analyze, design, develop, implement, evaluate. The research subjects were students of class XI MIA 1 at MA Madani Alauddin Pao-pao with a total of 33 people. The instruments used in this study were validation sheets, questionnaires and learning outcomes tests. The results of this study indicate that the comic strip developed has a level of validity with an average value of 3.67 with a very valid category. Then at the level of product practicality based on the results of the response questionnaire of educators and students obtained an average value of 88% with a very practical category. Furthermore, in the effectiveness test, the comic strips developed were included in the very effective category because the percentage of students' completeness was very high.
Validation of Popular Scientific Books on the Results of Morphological and Anatomical Characterization of Binjai (Mangifera caesia Jack.)
Authors: Sa'adah Hafizatus , Ita Ita
Published: August 2024

Validation is meant to be the truth of a product developed. Validation aims to determine the validity of a product, for example, in Popular Scientific Book (BIP). BIP is written in a simple and easy to understand. Contains about everyday activities that relate to the life of the community. Binjai is a typical Kalimantan plant that has benefits related to the local wisdom. This research aims to describe validation of BIP resulting from the morphology and anatomy characterization of binjai. This research method uses an EDR by Plomp that is limited to the prototype stage and using Tessmer's formative evaluation. The subject of this research is the experts and users who will evaluate BIP. The data collection technique is a questionnaire distributed to the research subjects. The validity test showed that the developed BIP was categorized as very valid with score 85.42%. Readability the development BIP is categorized very well with score 95.83%.
Mathematical model of random number generator based on vacuum fluctuations
Authors:   ITMO University, Gaidash Andrey A. , Goncharov Roman K. ,   ITMO University, Kozubov Anton V. ,   ITMO University, Yakovlev Pavel V. ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: August 2024

A mathematical model of quantum random number generator based on vacuum fluctuations is considered. A mathematical justification for the “randomness” of the generated sequence is given under the assumption of the truth of the basic postulates of quantum theory and the validity of the Poisson probability distribution for the photon flux. The results of experiments and the obtained estimates of the minimum entropy are presented.
O repertório bibliográfico sobre a comissão nacional da verdade
Authors: Florindo Danubia , Grigoleto Maira Cristina , Andrade de Lima do Nascimento Lucileide , Da Penha Ferreira da Costa Rosa
Published: August 2024

A Comissão Nacional da Verdade representou um marco nas produções de conhecimento sobre o período do regime militar brasileiro. Nos propomos nesta pesquisa investigar o momento pós-publicação do Relatório Final dessa comissão, o que os pesquisadores brasileiros da Ciência da Informação vêm produzindo sobre esse período, e quais são os principais paradigmas observados nas pesquisas. Objetivamos abordar as potencialidades dos trabalhos e dos relatórios da Comissão Nacional da Verdade, considerando os efeitos de informação na produção e divulgação de conhecimentos científicos sobre a ditadura militar brasileira pelos pesquisadores da Ciência da Informação, e identificar os principais paradigmas observados na literatura produzida nessa área. Trata-se de uma pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, exploratória e descritiva, com abordagem quanti-qualitativa. Os resultados apontam que a abordagem social é predominante nos trabalhos analisados, e isso demonstra a tendência contemporânea em pesquisas desenvolvidas na Ciência da Informação.
Conjugated Linoleic Acid in Cancer Therapy
Authors: George Jeneesha , Ghosh Asit Ranjan
Published: August 2024

Conjugated Linoleic Acid (CLA) is a polyunsaturated dietary fatty acid. Probiotics can
biohydrogenate CLA with multiple health benefits, especially in cancer treatment. In vitro, in
vivo, and clinical studies have confirmed CLA isomers to possess anti-cancer activity. CLA has demonstrated
its potential as an alternative treatment for cancer and also used as an adjuvant to reduce
the side effects of existing treatment methods. The mechanism of the anticancer activity of
CLA is still not clear; however, it may involve intervention with the cell cycle and modulation of
gene expression. A greater potential of CLA for cancer treatment has been supported by more and
more clinical trials to evaluate its potential. Some advanced technologies are in progress to overcome
the flaws of current methods and enhance the microbial production of CLA. In conclusion,
nutritional enrichment as a functional food and direct consumption of CLA may contribute to cancer
management.