bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FEATURES OF COMMUNICATION IN THE HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY IN THE CONTEXT OF GLOBALIZATION
Authors: Tranchenko L. V. , Yavorska V. V. , Sych V. A. , Timchuk S. V. , Tereschuk N. V.
Published: September 2021

In this study, the authors raise the question that tourism, the tourism industry constructs a special space created by hotels, transport infrastructure, a special form of organization of tourist facilities, and so on. The beginning of the XXI century is characterized by the dominance of globalization trends in the development of international relations. The world market of goods and services is becoming a single global economic space in which the development of a particular segment is a natural consequence of the effectiveness of internationalization, transnationalization and international communication. The purpose of the article is to find out the communication features in the field of tourism in the context of globalization of modern society. The task of the research is to determine the ways for the tourist to overcome the inconveniences when getting acquainted with the foreign culture of other countries; to investigate the optimal model of interaction between national and international parameters of service culture in the field of hospitality. In terms of cross-cultural communications, characteristic of tourism as one of the dominant factors in the globalization of modern society and the front of the clash of cultures, it is necessary to take into account national characteristics, manifested in latent form in relation to the world and values, behaviour, communication methods, inclinations and passions, in a way of life, in traditions and habits. A safe form of immersion in a foreign environment is a culture of service, and European standards act as a mediating space between tourists and foreign culture. The standardized culture of service and the accepted business etiquette are capable to compensate a culture shock, for this purpose in the country professional culture of the employee of sphere of hospitality has to develop.
TO THE QUESTION OF THE GENESIS OF THE LIMESTONE OF THE GUIDIRIM AND SEVERIN DEPOSITS
Authors: Kravchenko E. N. , Kadurin V. N. , Shulman A. I.
Published: September 2021

Problem Statement and Purpose. In Transnistria, the deposits of Sarmatian-age limestone are explored and exploited. These minerals are used as raw materials for cement production, as well as for the production of buta and rubble. The issues of genesis and facial transitions of these deposits remain under-studied.
Data & Methods. The purpose of this work is to determine the genetic affiliation of the limestone deposits of the Gidirim and Severin deposits on the basis of facial and chemical analysis. The materials of the research are the limestones of two deposits of Transnistria. The object is the limestone of the Sarmatian age of the deposits of Transnistria. The subject of the study is the lithological and paleontological characteristic, the chemical composition of these limestones. Research methods: topical; biofacial, computer processing with GIS – programs; Laboratory quality diagnostics, chemical and physical-chemical methods of quantifying the main components of carbonate rocks.
Results. The geological conditions of the Severin and Gidirim deposits were studied, and the place of productive layers of deposits in the stratigraphic scheme of Transnistria was determined on the basis of the lithological and paleontological characteristics of the rocks. Limestones mined at the Gidirim field belong to the May Day retinue, and the limestone of Severinovsky belongs to the Bessarabian reefs. Chemical analysis of limestone samples extracted from the deposits was carried out and differences in the chemical composition of the limestone of these deposits were determined. The limestone deposits in the content of calcium carbonate are clean. The concentration of silicon dioxide in the samples of the Severin field is higher than in the samples of the Giderim field, the content of one-and-a-half oxides, on the contrary, in Severinovka – 0.68%, in samples of the Giderim field – 1.04%. Analysis of the lithological composition and fauna of limestones has made it possible to distinguish within the Middle-Sarmatian basin of sedimentopulation: (a) accumulation of biogenic-chemogenic limestone of the near shelf, b) biogenic precipitation of the transition zone (reefs), c) silicate-terrigenous formations of the far shelf. The variety of phased conditions in the basin is associated with the position of the coastline and the inflection of the bottom on the boundary of the near and far shelf. The limestone of the studied deposits was formed in two different facial environments: the chemogenic-carbonate and the transient, which is associated with the formation of a strip of Bessarabian reefs. The study of paleontological residues, lithology and chemical composition of rhypogenic limestone showed the autonomy of this environment, as it has features of sedimentogenesis and near and far shelf.
Adversarial Image Perturbation with a Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Kukovec Rok , Pečnik Špela , Fister Jr. Iztok , Karakatič Sašo
Published: September 2021

The quality of image recognition with neural network models relies heavily on filters and parameters optimized through the training process. These filters are di˙erent compared to how humans see and recognize objects around them. The di˙erence in machine and human recognition yields a noticeable gap, which is prone to exploitation. The workings of these algorithms can be compromised with adversarial perturbations of images. This is where images are seemingly modified imperceptibly, such that humans see little to no di˙erence, but the neural network classifies t he m otif i ncorrectly. This paper explores the adversarial image modifica-tion with an evolutionary algorithm, so that the AlexNet convolutional neural network cannot recognize previously clear motifs while preserving the human perceptibility of the image. The ex-periment was implemented in Python and tested on the ILSVRC dataset. Original images and their recreated counterparts were compared and contrasted using visual assessment and statistical metrics. The findings s uggest t hat t he human eye, without prior knowledge, will hardly spot the di˙erence compared to the original images.
Racism in the NICU: It Exists and It Needs to Stop
Authors: Discenza Deborah
Published: September 2021

NICUs around the United States seem like cloistered environments where only the best of professional intentions are exhibited. Yet implicit bias is real and it does exist in NICUs. In interviewing 3-time preemie mom Ashley Randolph, we dive in with great honesty about the fact that racism is lurking in ways that are not always as overt. We need to do better.
Adaptation and Psychometric Testing of the Czech and Slovak Version of the Missed Nursing Care in Infection Prevention and Control Survey
Authors: Gurková Elena , Blackman Ian , Bartoníčková Daniela , Jarošová Darja , Machálková Lenka , Šáteková Lenka
Published: September 2021

Background and Purpose

Only a limited number of items involved in missed nursing care inventories specifically focused on infection control practices. The study aimed to adapt and evaluate psychometric properties of the Czech and Slovak version of the Infection Control Missed Care survey; and to assess and compare the amount, type,and reasons for missed nursing care in infection prevention and control amongCzech and Slovak nurses.

Methods

The convenience sample of 1459 nurses from the Czechand Slovak republic was recruited. Analysis of the nurses’ responses to both subscales of the surveys and validation of their data was undertaken using the item response theory (Rasch scaling).

Results

The now-modified Czech version consists only of 20 items measuring the type and frequency of missed care and 11 items focusing on the reasons for missed care. The now modified Slovak version consists of 34 items measuring the type and frequency of missed care and 17 items measuring the reasons for missed care. Reliability estimates with the removal of unreliable items showed acceptable reliability estimates for both sub-scales of the instrument.

Conclusions

With modification to the two subscales used in the survey (removal of poorly fitting items) it should be reliable, and the resulting data could be used for further investigation such as factor analysis or modelling. The modified Infection Control Missed Care survey could be useful in further research investigating a relationship between nurse staffing, skill mix, and infection control outcomes in acute care hospitals.
Modification, Translation, and Psychometric Testing of the Arabic Version of the Belongingness Scale-Clinical Placement Experience
Authors: Albloushi Monirah , Ferguson Linda , Hellsten Laurie , Stemler Lynnette , Kent-Wilkinson Arlene , Bassendowski Sandra
Published: September 2021

Background

This paper aimed to describe the modification, translation, and psychometric testing of the Arabic version of the Belongingness Scale-Clinical Placement Experience (BES-CPE).

Methods

This study included the following phases: modification of the original BES-CPE based on the qualitative findings from a previous study; translation and back-translation of the scale; evaluation of the content validity by experts from Saudi Arabia; evaluation of the internal consistency reliability; and other psychometric properties of the Arabic BES-CPE.

Result

The results demonstrated acceptable psychometric properties. The Cronbach’ s alpha ranged from 0.68 to 0.92.

Conclusion

The Arabic BES-CPE is a promising tool that can be used to assess Saudi nursing students’ sense of belonging. However, testing the tool with other undergraduate nursing students in a different context is recommended.
Factors Affecting Cancer Prevention Behaviors and Cancer Screening in First-Degree Relatives of Breast and Colorectal Cancer Patients in Korea: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Lee Yoonjung , Lee Kyunghwa , Kim Sanghee
Published: September 2021

Background

First-degree relatives (FDRs) of cancer patients have a high risk of cancer due to a similar lifestyle and genetic predisposition. However, previous studies rarely examined the level of cancer prevention behaviors and screening and affecting factors in cancer patients’ FDRs.

Purpose

This study aimed to describe the levels of cancer knowledge, attitudes toward cancer, cancer worry, perceived cancer risk, and cancer prevention behaviors and cancer screening in FDRs of breast and colorectal cancer patients. Moreover, it sought to identify factors affecting cancer prevention behavior and cancer screening.

Methods

A cross-sectional, descriptive correlational design was used. The study enrolled 138 FDRs of breast and colorectal cancer patients. Participants completed self-administered questionnaires at a tertiary hospital in Seoul, Korea. Descriptive statistics, frequencies, chi-square test, independent t test, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), Pearson’s correlation, multiple regression, and logistic regression were performed for data analysis.

Results

The levels of perceived cancer risk, cancer knowledge, attitude toward cancer, and cancer prevention behaviors were moderate, while the level of cancer worry was high. Ninety-two participants reported having undergone cancer screenings, but the types of screening were not associated with their family history. Age, gender, and attitude toward cancer affected cancer prevention behaviors. The cancer screening rate was higher in older participants, in women, and in patients’ FDRs with a longer cancer diagnosis.

Implications for Practice

Attitude was the modifiable factor for cancer prevention behaviors. Nurse-led educational and counseling interventions should be developed to improve attitude toward cancer among FDRs of cancer patients.
Living with Water : Infrastructure and Urbanism in Jakarta
Authors: Napier John
Published: September 2021

Cities around the world are at risk of pluvial and fluvial flooding, due to more frequent extreme weather events and uncontrolled urbanisation. Coastal cities are additionally at risk from tidal flooding and sea level rise. Hard surface infrastructure leads to rapid storm-water run off overwhelming conventional drainage systems at peak times. This article examines what constitutes infrastructure in the 21st century and what should its new priorities be? A case study is made of Jakarta, a low lying delta city, where the consequences of unregulated economic development are starting to be addressed. The lack of a city based water supply has led to excessive ground water extraction and the sinking of the city further exacerbating flood risk. City wide flooding has occurred three times in the last 15 years. Water needs to be considered as a primary element in infrastructure strategy and space found for natural systems and active travel. In Jakarta the role of the kampungs (informal settlements) provides an opportunity to address social and environmental difficulties at the same time. This interdisciplinary overview analyses recent infrastructure initiatives and developments and asks what more can be done and what new planning policies and concepts may be required.
Weaving networks between the university and the territory: the experience of the Mauricio López Project, Uniendo brazos
Authors:   Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Facultad de Ciencias Políticas y Sociales, Mellado Rubén ,   Argentina, Tempestti Rocío ,   Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Facultad de Ciencias Políticas y Sociales; Argentina, Moyano Milagros ,   Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Facultad de Ciencias Políticas y Sociales; Argentina, Ayvazishvili Agustín ,   Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Facultad de Ciencias Políticas y Sociales; Argentina
Published: September 2021

El presente trabajo busca recuperar la experiencia de extensión universitaria transitada durante el año 2019 en el marco del Proyecto Uniendo Brazos, fi-nanciado por la undécima Convocatoria Mauricio López, perteneciente a la Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Comenzaremos reflexionando acerca de lo que entendemos por extensión y nuestra manera de abordarla en territorio. Luego, realizaremos una breve descripción del Merendero Los Peques, en el cual se llevó adelante el proyecto, y un recorrido por las redes que fuimos tejiendo con las mujeres que lo gestionan. Por último, resaltaremos aquellas viven-cias y significaciones más relevantes para repensar los saberes aprendidos a través de un ejercicio inter-pretativo de teorización y de apropiación conscien-te de lo vivido a lo largo del año.
Students expressions to a civil participation in communication and health: reflexions about thecurricularized socio-educational practices to the integral formation
Authors:   Universidad Nacional de La Pampa. Facultad de Ciencias Humanas, Pascual Mirian Anabel ,   Argentina, Cornejo Mariana ,   Universidad Nacional de La Pampa. Facultad de Ciencias Humanas; Argentina, Silva Teixeira Thays Helena ,   Universidade   Federal do Rio Grande do Norte; Brasil
Published: September 2021

El presente trabajo es resultado de la primera sis-tematización sobre el impacto del aprendizaje si-tuado, a partir de la puesta en marcha del Programa de Extensión “Integrando saberes para fortalecer la comunicación interna y externa en Instituciones de Salud”, que se ejecuta desde el año 2017. Desde esa fecha, estudiantes de tres cohortes en la materia Taller de Gestión de la Comunicación Institucional de la Licenciatura en Comunicación Social vivenciaron y experimentaron, desde la extensión crítica arrai-gada al territorio, parte de su formación profesional orientada en comunicación y salud. Así, las prácticas socioeducativas (PSE) curricularizadas y habilitadas mediante la propuesta del aula social junto al grupo educando y la metodología participativa, constitu-yeron el escenario deseable para la planificación y gestión desde una perspectiva comunicacional que puso en el centro a las prácticas vinculares. Esta visi-bilización de los procesos comunicacionales en con-texto, que habilita el diálogo de saberes para favo-recer la aprehensión de habilidades específicas, dio lugar a respuestas concretas a las demandas de las y los actores institucionales en cada interacción. La acumulación de experiencias presentadas para este Cuaderno es reflejo de una práctica de comunica-ción integral, que reconoce los recorridos diversos de los diferentes niveles de atención en salud y da cuenta de la importancia significativa del grupo edu-cando para la intervención en dichas instituciones.
Stirling engines - the state of technology development and computational models
Authors: Furmanek Mariusz , Kropiwnicki Jacek
Published: September 2021

Stirling engines represent a technologically important solution in combined heat and power systems. Their use enables the achievement of over 90 percent efficiency in the management of the primary energy source with a very high durability of the device, mainly due to the lack of contact of the working gas with external factors and a very small number of mechanical components. The use of a Stirling engine may be equally important when applying renewable energy sources or waste heat from other processes. The first part of the work presents an overview of available commercial Stirling engine solutions. The second part of the work presents an overview of numerical models of Stirling engine operation, which enable the correct selection of the main geometrical features of the devices and the improvement of the structure in order to maximize efficiency or power.
Determination of main requirements for reporting forms of complex for contactless catenary diagnostics
Authors:   Samara State Transport University (SSTU), Frolenkov Sergey Andreevich
Published: September 2021

Catenary of the electrified railways is unprotected and therefore defenseless element of a traction power supply system. Samara State Transport University has developed a complex for contactless catenary diagnostics. The complex can be installed on special diagnostic rolling stock units and on regular units of tractive and non-tractive rolling stock. The paper determines main requirements to reporting forms of the complex for contactless catenary diagnostics, provides scheme of operation, presents the results of measurements gained during real trips and shows their assessment.
Application of methods for analysing combinations of wheelset sizes and switch elements to determine the size of gutters of check-rail assemblies
Authors:   JSC VNIIZhT, Glyuzberg B. E. , Loktev A. A. ,   Russian University of Transport (MIIT), Korolev V. V. ,   Russian University of Transport (MIIT), Kuskov V. S. ,   Russian University of Transport (MIIT)
Published: September 2021

The paper considers methods for analysis of size combinations of wheelsets and elements of switches that are used at determination of dimensions of gutters for check-rail assemblies. The method of limit combinations, from the one side, doesn’t guarantee a reliable train operation on crossing assemblies in real operation, but, from the other side, it makes unreasonably strict demands to the design of the assembly. In order to eliminate the contradictions the paper proposes to use a method of probable compositions that allows not only solving an issue of limited safe dimensions of gauge and gutters, but also determining repeatability of impacts on check-rails in the most loaded cross sections and repeatability of motion paths of wheels on crossing. However, while using this method the authors have revealed a number of contradictions between calculated results and real operation. They show that it is possible to avoid the contradictions by the use of conditional probabilities method that allows calculating probabilities of phenomena for specific size combinations of gauge and gutters. As a result, the authors have concluded that it is the most accurate method of determination of permissible dimensions for gauge and gutters on switches. With the use of the method the authors have determined the maximal values of check-rail wear for straight track made of SP special profiles in conditions of nonexceedance of «impact effect» in bent part of the check-rail for switches with various angles.
Decision-making on choosing the type of strengthening of drains and upholstery ducts based on the ideal point method
Authors:   Irkutsk State Transport University (ISTU), Podverbnyy V. A. , Perelygina A. A. ,   Irkutsk State Transport University (ISTU)
Published: September 2021

Modern materials and technologies for strengthening drainage and upland ditches, their advantages and disadvantages are considered. When choosing the type of reinforcement, the railway design engineer must compare the options for the types of reinforcement of ditches in terms of various criteria: reducing labour and resource intensity, duration of construction work, increasing durability, improving environmental friendliness, the need for special equipment, and others. An ideal point method is proposed for solving a multicriteria deterministic problem of choosing the type of ditch reinforcement. A prototype program of the decision support system for choosing the type of reinforcement using the ideal point method has been developed. The program contains four areas: the source data area; the calculation area; the guide to the types of ditch reinforcement, which separately identifies innovative types of ditch reinforcement; the area of calculation results and recommendations. With the help of the program, the test problem of choosing the type of reinforcement is solved. Of the three alternatives, a concrete roadbed is recommended-an innovative strengthening of the ditch.
Organization of mobile defectoscopy passage at the Eastern polygon
Authors:   Irkutsk State Transport University (ISTU), Kolisnichenko Elena Alexandrovna
Published: September 2021

The paper discusses the procedure for organizing of mobile diagnostic tools passage, in particular, defectoscopy during the implementation test site technologies in the context of a constant increase and growth of freight traffic, traffic density on the roads of the Eastern polygon. This issue is relevant, since mobile flaw detection devices follow with a speed limit and to pass them through the control section requires a significant removal of freight train lines, which in turn is a certain barrier. With the existing scheme for the passage of flaw detection cars, disruptions occur in their work schedules. The analysis of the reasons for the failures made it possible to propose a different model for organizing the passage of mobile flaw detection equipment within the framework of the Eastern polygon.
Assessment of influence of rail fastening operation on track condition
Authors:   Samara State Transport University (SSTU), Atapin V. V. , Nechushkin A. S. ,   Samara State Transport University (SSTU)
Published: September 2021

The paper considers the one of the most important factors that indirectly assesses the serviceability of rail fastening — a number of arising faults in geometry of rail track. On the initial stage the authors have studied sections of railway track with ARS-4, ZhBR-65Sh and Vossloh rail fastening. In result of the study, the authors have got dependencies and made conclusions that characterize the serviceability of railway track on sections with specified types of rail fastening.
Improvement of organization of work of locomotive crews (using the example of the Petrovsky Plant – Karymskaya section of the Trans-Baikal Railway)
Authors:   Trans-Baikal Institute of Railway Transport of Irkutsk State University of Railway Transport, Svetlakova E. N. , Svetlakova A.V. ,   Trans-Baikal Institute of Railway Transport of Irkutsk State University of Railway Transport
Published: September 2021

On the Trans-Baikal Railway, the search for appropriate areas for circulation of locomotive crews is underway. Short shoulders lead to inefficient use of locomotive crews, and long ones lead to the need to change crews at intermediate stations (without reaching the shift points). We need to develop new ways to optimize the work of locomotive crews. The article analyzes the effective shoulder lengths for compliance with the optimal values. It is established that traction shoulders are optimal, but locomotive crew service shoulders require optimization. The analysis of working hours of locomotive crews on active shoulders showed that shortage of locomotives and locomotive crews is caused by problems of exceeding the overhead time, cancellation of locomotive crews due to exceeding two hours from the moment of appearance to the moment of departure, change of locomotive crews at intermediate stations (i.e., not reaching the points of turnover or place of residence). The main causes of these problems are identified and measures aimed at solving them are proposed. It is proposed to use two variants of technology of using warm-up teams to perform operations between the arrival of a train at the shift point and the departure after all technological operations are completed, which will reduce the overhead time. The technology is considered by the example of the Karymskaya junction station. Technical and economic comparison of the options was carried out, proving their feasibility.
Reduction of the transition resistance of demountable contact joints using gallium alloys
Authors:   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT), Kostyuchenko Konstantin L. , Zinin Alexander V. ,   Ural Federal University, Ryabov Vladimir A. ,   «Energotechnologiya» LLC, Zinin Alexey A. ,   «Energotechnologiya» LLC
Published: September 2021

The article studies the possibility of reducing the transition resistance of demountable electrical contact joints in laboratory conditions by using multicomponent gallium alloys. The relevance of the chosen topic is attributed to the need for reducing energy losses and improve the reliability of a contact network.
A estimativa anual da luz natural em unidades habitacionais
Authors: Rohr Franciele , Grigoletti Giane de Campos , Claro Anderson , Zambonato Bruna
Published: September 2021

O Programa Minha Casa Minha Vida (MCMV) impulsionou a construção de edificações habitacionais de interesse social no Brasil. Um dos quesitos para avaliar a qualidade dessas edificações é a iluminação natural. Ela interfere no conforto e na saúde dos usuários, além de contribuir para a eficiência energética das edificações. Esta pesquisa objetivou avaliar a estimativa anual da luz natural em unidades habitacionais (UH) do Conjunto Habitacional Jardim Ipês que se enquadra no Programa MCMV. O método baseia-se na Avaliação Pós-Ocupação com foco na opinião dos usuários a respeito das condições de iluminação natural em suas moradias, bem como no RTQ-R, NBR 15575 e em métricas dinâmicas para a estimativa anual de luz natural, por meio de simulações computacionais com o programa APOLUX. Verificou-se que a maioria dos respondentes classificou a iluminação natural como clara e que são desempenhadas atividades nas UH que exigem índices mais altos de iluminância do que o mínimo preconizado pelo RTQ-R e NBR 15575 (60 lux). As simulações mostraram que as UH atendem aos parâmetros indicados no método de simulação do RTQ-R e as iluminâncias mínimas presentes da NBR 15575. Porém, não atenderam ao critério de níveis de iluminância menores que 2.000 lux, limite máximo para evitar ofuscamento. Como principal conclusão, propõe-se, para as normas e regulamentos, requisitos relacionados ao nível de iluminância máximo em ambientes residenciais além de níveis de iluminância específicos para atividades comumente realizadas em habitações do contexto estudado.
A percepção de pessoas com deficiência e idosos sobre a acessibilidade
Authors: Klein Pâmela , Grigoletti Giane de Campos
Published: September 2021

Passados quase 35 anos da criação de uma norma brasileira voltada para a acessibilidade de pessoas com deficiência (PCD), é frequente encontrar espaços públicos de lazer que possuem infraestrutura inadequada para esses usuários. Técnicas de levantamento da percepção ambiental contribuem para compreender as suas preferências e melhorar a qualidade desses espaços. Este artigo objetivou analisar a percepção de pessoas com deficiência física, com deficiência visual e idosos sobre a acessibilidade no Parque João Goulart (PJG), localizado na cidade de Santa Rosa, interior do estado do RS, de modo a colaborar com o planejamento de espaços mais adequados as suas necessidades. O método envolveu duas ferramentas: entrevistas, com perguntas fechadas e abertas, e técnica de preferências por imagens. Participaram da pesquisa 145 pessoas com deficiência física e visual e idosos. Os resultados apontaram diferenças na percepção da acessibilidade do parque, conforme o tipo de limitação (física, visual ou envelhecimento). Os idosos foram os que consideraram o parque mais acessível, e as pessoas com deficiência visual, menos acessível. As opiniões das pessoas entrevistadas refletem suas limitações, ou seja, quanto menos autonomia física a pessoa possui, mais sensível é às questões de acessibilidade. A percepção de usuários com deficiência física, visual e idosos é fundamental para compreender e apontar as falhas do ambiente construído no não atendimento as suas necessidades específicas. Observou-se, nos grupos pesquisados, que o entendimento da acessibilidade se baseia nas experiências pessoais, muitas vezes sem considerar condições físicas que não as suas próprias.
Invitro Antimicrobial Activities of Mitracarpus scaber Against Some Common Bacteria of Aquatic Origin
Authors: Ajadi Abdullateef Abiodun , Emikpe Benjamin , Akeem Ahmed
Published: September 2021

Some plants have been reported to be of medicinal values and reserve some antimicrobial properties. One of such plants is Mitracarpus scaber and its effect on bacterial growth is evaluated. The study aimed at evaluating the phytochemical analyses and antimicrobial potentials of Mitracarpus scaber against aquatic bacteria including Aeromonas, Bacillus, Vibrio and Staphylococcus Spp. Leaves of Mitracarpus scaber were collected, washed and air dried and phytochemical analysis and antimicrobial investigation of ethanolic and aqueous extracts of the leaves were carried out against a panel of bacteria isolated from diseased catfish from various farms. The phytoconstituents detected include saponins, tannins, flavonoids, tarpenoids, steroids, anthraquinones and alkaloids in both aqueous and ethanolic extracts. Both aqueous and ethanolic extracts of M. scaber showed varying degree of antibacterial activities but ethanolic extract showed a higher activity against the pathogens tested. The ethanolic extract had zones of inhibition similar to that of standard antibiotics (enrofloxacin) across all tested microbes.  The lowest minimum inhibitory concentration of ethanolic extract of M. scaber was against Bacillus sp with 10mg/ml while the highest was 85mg/ml against Staphylococcus species. The results of the assays showed promising evidences that M. scaber is a potential antibacterial agent against aquatic microbes.  However, further studies are recommended to fractionate its constituents and determine the in vitro and in vivo anti-microbial activities and the exact mechanism of action of the constituents.
Identifikasi Ancylostoma spp., dan Trichuris spp. pada Anjing Pemburu di Kenagarian Sungai Kamuyang, Kecamatan Lareh Sago Halaban, Limapuluh Kota, Sumatra Barat
Authors: Putri Ilviga Anggraini , Noor Prima Silvia , Zelpina Engki , Sujatmiko Sujatmiko
Published: September 2021

Anjing (Canis familiaris) adalah hewan yang sangat dekat berinteraksi dengan manusia.  Selain sebagai hewan kesayangan anjing juga sering dimanfaatkan sebagai hewan pemburu. Salah satu penyakit parasitik yang sering menjadi permasalahan pada anjing pemburu adalah penyakit cacingan yang disebabkan oleh nematoda saluran pencernaan (gastrointestinal nematodes) yaitu Ancylostoma spp. dan Trichuris spp. yang dapat menyebabkan ancylostomiasis dan trichuriasis. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui infeksi Ancylostoma spp. dan Trichuris spp. serta prevalensi pada anjing pemburu. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional yang dilakukan secara cross sectional. Sampel yang diambil sebanyak 50 feses anjing pemburu dan diperiksa menggunakan metode uji apung. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan, bahwa 31 sampel feses anjing pemburu  positif terinfeksi oleh nematoda dengan prevalensi 62% yang terdiri dari Ancylostoma spp. 52%,  Trichuris spp. 6% dan infeksi ganda (Ancylostoma spp. dan Trichuris spp) sebesar 2%.
MESÂHA’NIN KISA TARİHİ VE İLK MÜSTAKİL TÜRKÇE MESÂHA KİTABI: EMRÎ ÇELEBÎ’NİN MECMAU‘L-GARÂİB Fİ’L-MESÂHA ADLI ESERİ
Authors: BAGA Elif
Published: September 2021

İlm-i mesâha, İslam Medeniyeti matematikçilerinin kendilerinden önceki medeniyetlerden tevarüs ettikleri matematik birikimini iki temel nesne yani, sayı/aded/süreksiz nicelik ve büyüklük/mikdâr/sürekli nicelik etrafında şekillendirmeleri neticesinde meydana gelen dört asli disiplinden biridir. Diğer disiplinlerden hesap ve cebir aded, hendese ise mikdâr etrafında dönerken ilm-i mesâha her iki nesneyi de ilgilendirmesi bakımından farklı bir konuma sahiptir ve bu niteliğiyle o, kendi usûlünü besleyen teorik temeli yanında “ölçerek hesaplama” ana ilkesiyle mühendislik, mimari, şehircilik, askeri teknoloji ve çeşitli sanatların asli aracı konumundadır. İslam Medeniyetinin tüm ilmi birikimini devralan Osmanlı Medeniyetinin, ilm-i mesâha alanındaki çalışmaları da sahiplendiği ve kendi ihtiyaç, talep ve yönelimleri çerçevesinde devam ettirdiği muhakkaktır. 15. ve 16. asırlardan itibaren mütedavil ilim dili olan Arapça yanında Türkçe matematik telifleri de ortaya çıkmıştır. Araştırmalara göre günümüze ulaşabilen en erken tarihli müstakil Türkçe mesâha kitabı Mecmau‘l-Garâib fi’l-Mesâha bu ilk olma özelliği dolayısıyla bu çalışmanın konusunu oluşturur. Ancak eserin tanıtımından önce bir arka plan sağlamak için genel anlamda Osmanlı matematik geleneği özelde de mesaha geleneği özetlenmiştir. Makalede eserin tanıtımının yapılabilmesi için tarihsel ve matematiksel değerlendirme yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Makalenin dönemin mesâha ilmindeki seviyesini tespit ederek Osmanlı Medeniyeti matematik tarihi çalışmalarına katkı sağlaması yanında eserin alanda bilinen ilk Türkçe çalışma olması hasebiyle Türk dili araştırmalarına da kaynak olması hedeflenmektedir.
Expanding Role of Technology in Rehabilitation After Lower-Extremity Joint Replacement
Authors: McKeon John F. , Alvarez Paul M. , Vajapey Anuhya S. , Sarac Nikolas , Spitzer Andrew I. , Vajapey Sravya P.
Published: September 2021

Background:

The effectiveness of telehealth programs in the administration of rehabilitation and the monitoring of postoperative progress after joint replacement is not well studied. The purpose of the present study was to systematically review the currently available evidence on the use of smart-device technology and telehealth programs to guide and monitor postoperative rehabilitation following total joint arthroplasty and to assess their impact on outcomes following surgery.

Methods:

A literature search of the MEDLINE database was performed using keywords “mobile,” “app,” “telehealth,” “virtual,” “arthroplasty,” “outcomes,” “joint replacement,” “web based,” “telemedicine,” “TKA,” “THA,” “activity tracker,” “fitness tracker,” “monitor,” “rehab,” “online,” and “stepcounter” in all possible combinations. All English studies with a level of evidence of I to III that were published from January 1, 2010, to December 19, 2020 were considered for inclusion. Quantitative and qualitative analysis was performed on the data collected.

Results:

A total of 28 articles meeting the inclusion criteria were identified and reviewed. With regard to objective functional outcome measures, such as strength, range of motion, or results of the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test, the virtual physical therapy group had equivalent or slightly superior outcomes compared with in-person physical therapy. There was similar improvement overall in patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) and patient satisfaction between virtual and in-person physical therapy. Virtual physical therapy resulted in cost savings ranging from $206 to $4,100 per patient compared with in-person physical therapy.

Conclusions:

Telerehabilitation following lower-extremity joint replacement is less expensive compared with in-person physical therapy, with equivalent outcomes and patient satisfaction. Telerehabilitation and electronic health adjuncts can be used to substitute for traditional rehabilitation and augment postoperative care following total joint arthroplasty, respectively. Telerehabilitation that provides outcomes equivalent to in-person physical therapy not only increases convenience for patients but also decreases the cost burden on the health-care system.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Sabine Pass to Galveston Bay, TX Pre-construction, Engineering and Design (PED) : coastal storm surge and wave hazard assessment : report 2 – Port Arthur
Authors: Stehno Abigail , Melby Jeffrey , Misra Shubhra , Nadal-Caraballo Norberto , Gonzalez Victor
Published: September 2021

The US Army Corps of Engineers, Galveston District, is executing the Sabine Pass to Galveston Bay Coastal Storm Risk Management (CSRM) project for Brazoria, Jefferson, and Orange Counties regions. The project is currently in the Pre-construction, Engineering, and Design phase. This report documents coastal storm water level and wave hazards for the Port Arthur CSRM structures. Coastal storm water level (SWL) and wave loading and overtopping are quantified using high-fidelity hydrodynamic modeling and stochastic simulations. The CSTORM coupled water level and wave modeling system simulated 195 synthetic tropical storms on three relative sea level change scenarios for with- and without-project meshes. Annual exceedance probability (AEP) mean values were reported for the range of 0.2 to 0.001 for peak SWL and wave height (Hm0) along with associated confidence limits. Wave period and mean wave direction associated with Hm0 were also computed. A response-based stochastic simulation approach is applied to compute AEP values for overtopping for levees and overtopping, nappe geometry, and combined hydrostatic and hydrodynamic fluid pressures for floodwalls. CSRM crest design elevations are defined based on overtopping rates corresponding to incipient damage. Survivability and resilience are evaluated. A system-wide hazard level assessment was conducted to establish final recommended system-wide elevations.
In memory of Ten E. B. (1941-2021)
Authors: Editorial Article
Published: September 2021

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Modernization of the brake system of unwinding on rope machines
Authors: Konovalchuk S. S. , Livshits I. M.
Published: September 2021

In order to reduce the cost of producing metal cord in the hardware shops of OJSC “BSW” – the Management Company of the Holding “BMC”, work is underway to modernize and select materials for replaceable technological equipment. In the process of twisting the metal cord on the unwinding of the power coils of rope machines, brake devices are used, consisting of a disk and sectors (pads) fixed in a chain. The elements of the unwinding unit are in constant contact, providing the necessary tension force for unwinding a thin wire. The performance of the braking devices affects the manufacturability of the twist, the absence of breaks, the density and geometric arrangement of the wires in the twisted metal cord that meets the requirements of consumers.

Due to constant contact friction at high linear speeds, the brake pads wear out, which leads to emergency operation of the equipment. The article considers the test results of the modified thin wire unwinding unit and the impact of modernization on the service life of brake pads.
The linkage between CO2, FDI, economic growth, and value-added: A European perspective
Authors: Singh Devesh
Published: September 2021

This article aims to investigate the linkage among CO2 emissions, Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), economic growth, Gross Value Added (GVA) of different sectors namely agriculture, service, manufacturing, and resource extensive industries including construction sectors in four European regions Eastern Europe (EE), Southern Europe (SE), Northern Europe (NE) and Western Europe (WE). This article uses the 3SLS simultaneous equation estimation during the period of 2000 to 2018. This study is the extension of seeing the challenges in policy implication in reducing CO2 emission in technologically rich economies. This article concluded that the causality among variables CO2 emission, economic growth, FDI, and all four sectors GVA is varied according to the regions. However, the CO2 emission has bidirectional causality with each industrial sector's GVA.
“Effect of Yoga Intervention on Skeletal Muscle Linked Glucose Homeostasis in Pre-Diabetic Individuals: Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial”
Authors: Bhalerao Supriya Sudhakar , Kharche Jayshree , Harke Shubhangi
Published: September 2021

Background- The pre-diabetic stage is important in terms of identification and timely management, as it is reversible. Along with other factors, insulin resistance in skeletal muscle is often considered as primary defect before development of overt hyperglycemia and diabetes. Proven to have many health benefits, Yoga has emerged as an effective measure in management of diabetes. As the Yogic postures are relatable to exercises, it was considered for improving skeletal muscle function and reverse the pre-diabetic stage.Methods- The present open, randomized clinical study is planned to evaluate the effect of Yoga interventions on muscle mass, strength, endurance and flexibility which are direct or indirect indicators of fat deposition in skeletal muscles. The study will also explore association between changes in muscle quality/ functionality and glycemic control. With Ethics committee permission, 120 pre-diabetic individuals of either sex between the age group of 35-49 years with a BMI in the range of 25-35 kg/m2 and family history of T2DM will be recruited in study after obtaining written informed consent. They will be randomly allocated to either Yoga or exercise group by computer generated randomized method in a 1:1 ratio. One group will receive defined Yoga interventions, while other group will receive fixed program of physical exercises. Both groups will undergo a training session for a period of 4 weeks under the supervision of a trained instructor, before 12-week study duration. The outcome measures will be parameters related to muscle quality/functionality and glucose metabolism markers. Discussion- Our study aims to study usefulness of Yoga in prediabetic stage on skeletal muscle related glycemic control, which is novel. In addition, the study will generate awareness about pre-diabetes and provide people with active coping skills for reversing it. Trial Registration- Clinical Trial Registry-India -CTRI/2019/05/019149, registered on: 15/05/2019
The network interplay of interferon and toll-like receptor signaling pathways in the anti-Candida immune response
Authors: Salgado Ranieri Coelho , Fonseca Dennyson Leandro M. , Marques Alexandre H. C. , Napoleao Sarah M. S. , Franca Tabata Takahashi , Akashi Karen Tiemi , Prado Caroline A. S. , Baiocchi Gabriela Crispim , Placa Desiree R. , Jansen-Marques Gabriel , Filgueiras Igor Salerno , De Vito Roberta , Freire Paula Paccielli , de Miranda Gustavo Cabral , Camara Niels Olsen Saraiva , Calich Vera L. G. , Ochs Hans D. , Schimke Lena F. , Jurisica Igor , Condino-Neto Antonio , Cabral-Marques Otavio
Published: September 2021

Fungal infections represent a major global health problem that affects over a billion people and kills more than 1.5 million individuals annually. Here we employed an integrative approach to unravel the landscape of the human immune responses to Candida spp. by performing a meta-analysis of microarray, bulk, and single-cell RNA-sequencing (RNASeq) of blood transcriptome data. We identified across these different studies a consistent interconnected network interplay of signaling molecules involved in both toll-like receptor (TLR) and interferon (IFN) signaling cascades that is activated in response to different Candida species (C. albicans, C. auris, C. glabrata, C. parapsilosis, and C. tropicalis). Among these molecules, there are several types I IFN, indicating an overlap with the anti-viral immune responses. scRNAseq data confirmed that genes commonly identified by the three transcriptomic methods present a cell-type specific expression patterns across innate and adaptive immune cells. Thus, these data shed new lights on the anti-candida immune response, providing putative molecular pathways for therapeutic intervention.
Unexpected Pneumoperitoneum: A Case Report
Authors: Munnings Amberley , Dooley Andrew , Singh Sandeep
Published: September 2021

Background:Pneumoperitoneum is usually the result of visceral perforation requiring urgent surgical repair. In rarer cases, no perforation is found despite the present of free intra-peritoneal air. This is otherwise known as “spontaneous pneumoperitoneum”.Case presentation:We present a case of an 18-year old male who had upper abdominal pain but who otherwise was not peritonitic and had normal blood results. He was concerned about the cause of the pain as he had previously had an admission to a different hospital with similar symptoms. A chest x-ray revealed unexpected pneumoperitoneum. Subsequent imaging revealed no identifiable perforation and the patient was managed without proceeding to an emergency laparotomy. Conclusion:This case demonstrates the importance of considering an erect chest x-ray in patients presenting with upper abdominal pain, with otherwise normal parameters, to avoid missing rarer diagnoses. Furthermore it demonstrates how such cases of spontaneous pneumoperitoneum can be managed conservatively, avoiding unnecessary surgery.
A Significant Role of MoO3 on the Optical, Thermal, and Radiation Shielding Characteristics of B2O3-P2O5 -Li2O Glasses
Authors: Shaaban kh. S.
Published: September 2021

Glasses based on borophosphate with the formula 42.5P2O5 – 42.5B2O3 – (15-x) Li2O – xMoO3 mol% where 𝑥 = (0 ≤ 𝑥 ≥ 15) were manufactured using the melt-quenching methodology. The status of prepared samples wasidentified by (XRD). The temperature of the glass transition Tg, the temperature of onset glass crystallisation Tc and the temperature of the crystallisation Tp were evaluated using a differential thermal analyser (DTA). The energy gap (𝐸𝑜𝑝𝑡), Urbach (𝐸𝑢), and parameters of dispersion were calculated through the data of optical spectra. Physical properties were determined and calculated, such as molar refractivity, metallization, electron polarizability, electronegativity, loss of reflection and dispersion parameters. Raising MoO3 at the expense of Li2O was used to assess the level of protection. For radiation protection applications, the glasses under investigation had superior characteristics.