bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Developmental dyslexia intervention framework for speech therapists
Authors: Jiménez-Fernández Gracia , Defior Sylvia
Published: June 2021

The aim of this paper is to provide an intervention framework for speech therapists for developmental dyslexia in an educational environment. Firstly, there is a list of the main aspects which should be included in the individual intervention, such as reading fluency, phonological abilities and, in most cases, reading comprehension. The collaboration between teacher and speech therapist is essential in order for the child to overcome this learning difficulty. In this sense, in addition to the individual intervention, the speech therapist’s role also includes offering orientations for the intervention in the classroom. For this reason, secondly, this article presents some recommendations which the speech therapist can give to the teacher who has students with this learning disability. Among them, there are included some adaptations which can be carried out whilst doing daily tasks and for exams, as well as the intervention for emotional aspects which may be affected, such as selfesteem.
'Getting by’ on 4chan: Feminine self-presentation and capital-claiming in antifeminist Web space
Authors: Fathallah Judith May
Published: June 2021

The Internet imageboard 4chan is often believed to be a hub of fascism, white supremacism, and violent misogyny. The popular press associates 4chan with ‘incels’ (involuntarily celibate men), using the site to vent their rage at women. Yet a significant minority of posters on the site are female, and/or present themselves as such. These posters use various strategies to negotiate a space for identity-construction and to build subcultural capital within an antifeminist Web space, a striking development in what Amy Shields Dobson calls the process of ‘getting by’ in postfeminist neoliberal culture. By quantifying and analysing these strategies, whilst restraining the rush to ethical judgement typical to discussion of 4chan, this study aims to resituate 4chan’s feminine users from passive objects of violence to active participants in the site’s culture and influence.
THE INFLUENCE OF CERTAIN FACTORS OF THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC SYSTEM ON MIGRATION PROCESSES IN THE KARAGANDA REGION
Authors: Агилбаева А.А. , Хусаинова Ж.С. , Agilbaeva A. , Khusainova Zh.
Published: June 2021

Целью написания статьи была проверка гипотезы об устойчивой взаимосвязи между уровнем жизни населения и состоянием миграции в Карагандинском регионе. Авторами на основе программных обеспечений SmartPLS и SurveyMonkey предложен методический подход к количественной и качественной оценке параметров миграции Карагандинского региона и уровня жизни населения. Предложенная авторами методика количественной и качественной оценки предусматривает использование анкетирования населениеКарагандинской области и предлагает определение трех интегральных показателей таких как образование, здравоохранение и финансовое положение населения, отражающих уровень жизни населения Карагандинской области. Результаты исследования представляют интерес для органов государственной власти регионального уровня, профессорско-преподавательского состава высших учебных заведений, докторантов и студентов, обучающихся по экономическим направлениям подготовки. Авторами также определены направления дальнейших поисковых исследований, отражающих развитие миграции региона и уровня жизни населения.
Экономическая ситуация в стране может быть преодолена на основе выработки согласованной стратегической линии поведения большинства хозяйствующих субъектов, которые определяют условия и направление социально-экономического развития с учетом не только экономических, но и социальных факторов, в том числе и фактора выживания общества в период системного экономического кризиса.

The purpose of writing this article was to test the hypotheses about the stable interrelationships between the level of life of the population and the state of migration in the Karaganda region. The authors on the basis of software support SmartPLS and Survey Monkey proposed a methodological approach to the quantitative and qualitative assessment of migration parameters of the Karaganda region and the level of life of the population. The method proposed by the authors provides for the quantitative and qualitative assessment of the use of the population survey of the Karaganda region and provides a definition of three integrated indicators such as education, health and financial protection of the population of the region. The authors also determine the direction of further search studies that reflect the development of migration in the region and the level of life of the population.
The economic situation in the country can be overcome through the development of a coherent policy line of conduct most business entities that define the conditions and the direction of economic and social development, taking into account not only economic, but also social factors, including the factors the survival of society in the period of systemic crisis.
Prévision de Défaillance Des entreprises : Apport des Réseaux de Neurones Artificiels
Authors: LOTFI Siham , MESK Hicham
Published: June 2021

Le principal problème auquel font face les banques lors de la décision de l’octroi de crédit est leur incapacité à déterminer avec certitude si le client va honorer ou non ses engagements. Depuis toujours, cette décision de l’octroi du crédit repose sur l’évaluation préalable de l’agent de crédit. En effet, une détection précoce des difficultés de l’entreprise se fait à l’aide des outils de prévision du risque de défaillance qui s’appuient tous sur l’analyse du passé pour prédire l’avenir de l’entreprise. Cette analyse repose essentiellement sur l’exploitation des états de synthèse de l’entreprise qui restent une source d’informations incontournable pour la détection des difficultés des entreprises. Parmi ces méthodes de prévision, on trouve les réseaux de neurones artificiels. Cette technique est utilisée dans de nombreuses disciplines notamment la médecine, le marketing, la finance et constitue une alternative intéressante aux techniques statistiques traditionnelles pour le traitement des données comme (la régression logistique, analyse discriminante, etc..).
A proposal for the development of sport at Abdelmalek Essaâdi University
Authors: HARFOUF SOULAIMAN
Published: June 2021

This study deals with sport at the Abdelmalek Essaâdi University-Tetouan Morocco (UAE). It adopts a problematic related to the development of the sport/Physical Education (PE) system in this Moroccan public university. After identifying the factors responsible for the dysfunction of this system [1], the study makes a proposal to revitalise Sports Activities and PE in the KAU and its affiliated institutions. In order to answer the question of effective measures to be taken to improve the quality and quantity of the PES/sport system in the KAU, our method of approach consists of intervening by positivising, in the particular context of the UAE, the negative indicators. Upstream, we propose an operational approach with the aim of bringing together the favourable conditions for the success of this initiative.
Về tính siêu ổn định suy rộng cho phương trình hàm Drygas
Authors: Phạm Thị Mai Thắm , Võ Thị Lệ Hằng , Nguyễn Văn Dũng
Published: June 2021

Trong bài viết này, chúng tôi nghiên cứu tính siêu ổn định suy rộng của phương trình hàm Drygas f(x + y) + f(x - y) = 2 f(x) + f(y) + f(-y) trên không gian tựa chuẩn, trong đó f là ánh xạ từ X vào Y và x, y, x + y, x - y ∈ X. Kết quả của bài viết là mở rộng các kết quả của Aiemsomboon và Sintunavarat (2016) về phương trình hàm Drygas trong không gian định chuẩn.
Ảnh hưởng của tỷ lệ phối trộn bột gạo/bột nếp và tỷ lệ thanh long ruột đỏ đến chất lượng bánh mochi thanh long ruột đỏ nhân đậu xanh
Authors: Diệp Kim Quyên
Published: June 2021

Ảnh hưởng của tỷ lệ phối trộn bột gạo/bột nếp và tỷ lệ thanh long ruột đỏ đến chất lượng bánh mochi thanh long ruột đỏ nhân đậu xanh đã được thực hiện. Sản phẩm bánh mochi thanh long ruột đỏ nhân đậu xanh được nghiên cứu chế biến nhằm đa dạng hóa sản phẩm, đồng thời chế biến sản phẩm giàu dinh dưỡng và giá trị cảm quan cao. Kết quả khảo sát ảnh hưởng của tỷ lệ phối trộn bột gạo/bột nếp và tỷ lệ thanh long ruột đỏ đến chất lượng bánh mochi thanh long ruột đỏ nhân đậu xanh cho thấy tỷ lệ bột gạo/bột nếp là 6/4 cho cấu trúc chắc, dẻo dai, mức độ ưa thích cao. Tỷ lệ thanh long 60% cho bánh có màu đỏ tím đỏ tự nhiên, mùi dịu nhẹ, vị ngọt thanh, cấu trúc đồng nhất và mức độ ưa thích cao.
Ủ phân hữu cơ từ phân bò phối trộn với phân xanh và đánh giá hiệu quả trên năng suất mầm rau muống (Ipomoea aquatica)
Authors: Nguyễn Thị Phương , Phạm Văn Hiệp
Published: June 2021

Ủ phân hữu cơ từ phân bò phối trộn với phân xanh sẽ hạn chế ô nhiễm môi trường. Do đó, một thí nghiệm ủ phân hữu cơ từ phân bò phối trộn với phân xanh tỉ lệ 60 : 40 được thực hiện ở qui mô túi ủ. Phân hữu cơ sau ủ được thí nghiệm đánh giá hiệu quả trên sự sinh trưởng và năng suất mầm rau muống với 3 nghiệm thức (1) Đất - Đối chứng, (2) Đất + 5 tấn/ha phân hữu cơ, (3) Đất + 15 tấn/ha phân hữu cơ. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy, giá trị pH của phân hữu cơ sau 45 ngày ủ đạt mức gần trung tính (6,84); giá trị độ dẫn điện EC thấp đạt 1,82 mS/cm. Hàm lượng đạm, lân, kali tổng số đạt lần lượt theo thứ tự là 2,28% N, 5,06% P2O5, và 2,95% K2O. Hàm lượng chất hữu cơ và tỉ lệ C/N cũng ở mức phù hợp đạt lần lượt theo thứ tự 31,57% C và C/N = 13,81. Hiệu quả của bón phân hữu cơ từ phân bò phối trộn với phân xanh trên năng suất rau muống cho thấy lượng bón 5 tấn/ha là lượng bón được khuyến cáo trên cây rau muống. Với lượng bón này cho hiệu quả tối ưu nhất, rau muống nảy mầm tốt với tỉ lệ nảy mầm trên 90%. Chiều cao cây, trọng lượng tươi và khô của rau muống đạt lần lượt theo thứ tự là 15,2 cm, 9,24 g, và 0,64 g, cao khác biệt so với đối chứng đất với 14,23 cm, 5,73 g và 0,08 g, theo thứ tự.
Đánh giá tác động của nhà nuôi chim yến đến môi trường tại thành phố Rạch Giá, tỉnh Kiên Giang
Authors: Lê Bảo Việt , Lưu Hoài My
Published: June 2021

Nghiên cứu thực hiện đánh giá tác động của nhà nuôi chim yến đến môi trường thông qua các hoạt động điều tra và đánh giá hiện trạng môi trường nhờ các dữ liệu báo cáo đánh giá tác động môi trường của 1 nhà yến cụ thể. Kết quả cho thấy môi trường xung quanh khu vực nuôi chim yến chịu ảnh hưởng từ nước thải và rác thải từ hoạt động nuôi chim yến. Thông qua công tác tính toán nồng độ các chất ô nhiễm trong nước thải, đánh giá lượng chất thải phát sinh và mức độ tác động của tiếng ồn cho thấy hiện nay các tác động trên vẫn chưa gây ra tác động gây ô nhiễm nặng nhưng vẫn cần có biện pháp khắc phục để tránh những tác động lâu dài.
La Medida del Hombre
Authors: García-Belaunde Víctor
Published: June 2021

¿Cuál es el mejor criterio para asignarle derechos a un ser? En el presente artículo se revisa brevemente cómo la Cuarta Revolución Industrial actualiza dicha discusión.
Role of Alphasatellite in Begomoviral Disease Complex
Authors: Shahid Muhammad Shafiq , Ilyas Mehmoona , Waheed Abdul , Gaur Rajarshi Kumar
Published: June 2021

A circular single stranded satellite, called as alphasatellite (initially identified as DNA-1), wascharacterised and confirmed to be associated with the Geminivirus begomovirus-betasatellite complexes.Alphasatellites are single stranded DNA (ssDNA) components, frequently accompanying with monopartitebegomovirus or some time with bipartite begomovirus and/or betasatellite complex. The genome ofalphasatellite DNAs are nearly half size of its helper virus genome and have no similarity with it. Furthermore,their function in begomovirus-betasatellite complex is still unclear. Recent advances in application ofmolecular tools helped in finding new viruses and allied satellite components that further help in advancingour understanding o f this satellite DNA and this evolution
Effect of Tillage Options and Straw Management on Crops Productivity and Soil Fertility in Rice-Wheat-Cropping Pattern
Authors: Haque Md. Shahidul , Siddquie Md. Nur-E-Alam , Hossain Md. Israil , Hossain Md. Ilias
Published: June 2021

A field experiment was conducted during winter season to study the productivity under threeN fertilizer levels (80,100 and 120% N of recommended dose), two levels of straw retention (0 and 30%)and three tillage options (permanent raised bed, fresh bed and conventional tillage practice) in a Rice-Wheat cropping system. Tillage options have been found to affect thousand grain weight (TGW) and grainyield where 49.6, 52.9 and 54.7 g for TGW and 3.77, 3.98 and 4.41 t/ha for grain yield for conventional,permanent bed and fresh bed, respectively were found for wheat. The spikes/m2 was 343, 322 and 337while, the spikelets/spike were recorded as 17.2, 17.6 and 17.8 for conventional, permanent and fresh bed,respectively. Different tillage options were found to cause the formation of grains/spike, 43.2, 49.7 and50.8, respectively. Therefore, other yield components were assumed to be enhanced in response to freshbed tillage option. Fresh bed with 30% straw retention produced highest productivity and similar resultswere also obtained from permanent beds with 30% straw retention. Fresh bed with 120% recommendedN produced the highest productivity for wheat which was similar to permanent bed with 120% N. Theincrease in yield was associated with progressive increase in all growth components and will give a newinsight to identify the strategy for the development of wheat and other crops cultivation.
Antibacterial Activity and Optimisation of Bacteriocin Producing Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated from Beef (Red Meat) Samples
Authors: Andleeb Saiqa , Mazhar Ali Nazish , Mazhar Bushra , Khadija Iram , Kalim Bushra
Published: June 2021

Bacteriocin producing bacteria are commonly found in meat products to enhance theirshelf-life. In the present study, bacterial species were isolated from meat samples (beef) from differentlocalities of Lahore, Pakistan. MRS agar medium was used to isolate lactic acid bacteria (LAB) throughspread and streak methods (incubated for 72 h at 37 °C). Identification of bacteriocinogenic LAB strainswas done by using staining techniques, morphology based characteristics and biochemical tests. Thesestrains were BSH 1b, BSH 3a, BIP 4a, BIP 3a, BIP 1b and BRR 3a. Antibacterial activity of LAB wasperformed against food borne pathogens viz., Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus through paperdisc diffusion method. Three bacterial strains showed maximum inhibition and characterised by ribotypingviz., BIP 4a was identified as Lactobacillus curvatus, BIP 3a was Staphylococcus warneri and BIP 1b wasLactobacillus graminis. Optimum pH 5-6.5 and 30-37 °C temperature for isolated bacterial strains wasrecorded. Protein concentration measured was 0.07 mg/mL for BSH 1b, 0.065 mg/mL for BSH 3a,0.057 mg/mL for BIP 4a, 0.062 mg/mL for BIP 1b, 0.065 mg/mL for BIP 3a and for BRR 3a 0.078 mg/mL,respectively. Bacteriocin of all isolates except BIP 3a was found to be sensitive towards pepsin and resistanttowards Rnase. Bacteriocin production was stable at between pH 5.0 and 6.0 and resistant temperaturewas 40 °C. It was concluded that lactic acid bacteria (LAB) from meat can be helpful as antibacterialagents against food-borne bacterial pathogens because of thermostable producing bacteriocin.
Antiplasmodial Activity of Methanolic Extract of Asparagus officinalis L. Stem on Plasmodium berghei Infected Mice
Authors: Minari Joseph Bamidele , Odutuga Adewale. Agboola , Bamisaye Fisayo Abraham , Babatola Leye Jonathan
Published: June 2021

This study aims at investigating the antiplasmodial activity of methanolic extract of Asparagusofficinalis L. stem on Plasmodium berghei infected mice. To investigate this, the mice were infected withP.berghei to cause malaria. The mice were simultaneously given oral doses (20, 40 and 60 mg/kg bodyweight) of methanolic extract of A. officinalis L. stem. The phytochemical constituents of the extractrevealed the presence of alkaloids, phenolics, cardiac glycosides, flavonoids, terpenoid and steroid. Theextract administered to the infected mice significantly suppressed the parasite. The extract also significantly(P<0.05) reduced the activities of serum aspatate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphate (ALP),alanine aminotransferase (ALT). White blood corpuscles (WBC), red blood corpuscles (RBC), hemoglobin(HGB), packed cell volume (PCV), platelets (PLT) and the mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration(MCHC) showed significant (P<0.05) increase after the administration of the extract while mean corpuscularvolume (MCV) and the mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) showed significant (P<0.05) reduction.Present findings suggests that the plant extract contains phytochemicals that have antiplasmodial andhepatoprotective properties.
Stabilisation of Some Vegetable Oils by Sugarcane Leaf Extract at Ambient Temperature
Authors: Nadeem Muhammad , Azeem Muhammad Waqar
Published: June 2021

The present study was aimed to assess the antioxidant activity of ethanolic sugarcane leaf extractfor the stabilisation of sunflower, (SFO), soybean and (SBO) canola oils (CO) at ambient temperature.SFO, SBO and CO were added with 600 ppm sugarcane leaf extract, filled in transparent PET bottles,stored at ambient temperature for 180 days, sampled at 0, 60, 120 and 180 days for the assessment ofoxidative stability. Total phenolic content in sugarcane leaf extract (SLE) was 724.3 (mg GAE/100g).2,2,diphenyl- 2 picrylhydrazyl free radical scavenging activity of SLE was 76% as compared to 88% inbutylated hydroxyl toluene. C18:1 and C18:2 in fresh, 6 months stored controls and SLE supplementedSFO were 46.12%, 42.59%, 44.91% and 47.15%, 40.29, 43.13%, respectively. C18:2 and C18:3 in freshand 180 days stored control and SLE supplemented SBO were 51.19%, 45.61%, 48.97% and 6.19%, 3.37%and 5.67%, respectively. Similar trend was also recorded in canola oil. Induction period of supplementedvegetable oil was higher than the un-supplemented samples (P<0.05). Viscosity and specific gravity ofsupplemented vegetable oils were not different from non-supplemented samples. Sensory characteristicsof SLE supplemented vegetable oils were not different from the control. Sugarcane leaf extract can beused for the long term preservation of SFO, SBO and CO at ambient temperature.
An Assessment of the Bivalve Perna viridis, as an Indicator of Heavy Metal Contamination in Paradise Point of Karachi, Pakistan
Authors: Qari Rashida , Ajiboye Olufemi , Imran Saima , Afridi Abdul Rahim
Published: June 2021

The edible bivalves Perna viridis (green mussel), (n = 100) were analysed for their total Hg,Pb, Cu, Ni, Zn, Co, Fe, Cr, Cd, and Mn concentrations to indicate heavy metal contamination in ParadisePoint of Karachi coast using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. There are large seasonal variations inthe metal concentrations of Mn (0.025-0.67 µg/g), Fe (0.055-7.740 µg/g), Ni (0.004-0.52 µg/g), Hg (0.0001-0.004 µg/g), Zn (0.04-3.32 µg/g), Cu (0.008-1.66 µg/g), Pb (0.022-2.43 µg/g), Co (0.01-0.044 µg/g), Cd(0.04-0.88 µg/g) and Cr (0.13-1.20 µg/g) recorded in bodies/soft tissues of P. viridis obtained in the samplesof the year 1993 and 2012 at the Paradise Point of Karachi coast. The results of heavy metals are in thefollowing descending order of concentration in the samples collected in the year 1993: Fe>Cr>Zn>Mn>Pb>Cd>Cu>Ni>Co>Hg, while Fe>Zn>Pb>Cu>Cr>Cd>Mn>Ni>Co>Hg order was recorded in samplescollected in the year 2012. The high accumulation of metals was found mostly in the samples collectedin the year 2012 when compared with the samples of the year 1993. This is an indication that the areaunder study showed signs of being exposed to significant levels of heavy metal pollution due to directdischarge of industrial and domestic wastes along the coast. The concentrations of these heavy metals werelower than the permissible limits for human consumption. However, if this pollution persists, it can proveto be very detrimental in future.
Early Growth Behaviour of Wheat Genotypes as Affected by Polyethylene Glycol (PEG-6000)
Authors: Memon Haji Muhammad Umer , Sial Mahboob Ali , Bux Hadi , Mangrio Sher Muhammad , Dahot Muhammad Umar , Mujtaba Sheikh Muhammad , Sahito Jam Ghulam Murtaza
Published: June 2021

Polyethylene glycol (PEG-6000) is often used for the early establishment screening of the wheatgenotypes against drought stress conditions. A collection of twenty-one newly developed bread wheatgenotypes (developed through conventional and mutational breeding techniques) and four commercial droughttolerant check varieties were included in screening at seedling stage under three treatments of PEG-6000;T1 (0.5 MPa) and T2 (0.75 MPa) along with control T3 (distill water only). Three important early growthestablishment traits like germination percentage, root length and shoot length of the wheat genotypes wereobserved. Significant variation among genotypic means regarding the observed traits was recorded at boththe treatments. Wheat genotypes performance including check varieties for germination percentages wasrecorded as T1 (86.1%), T2 (72.4%) with reduction percentage of 12.5% and 33.8%. Root length of genotypesdecreased by 37.0% in 0.5 MPa and 82.75% in 0.75 MPa, whereas, shoot length reduction was recorded as38.9% (T1) and 84.6% (T2) as compared to control. This study provided essential information about theperformance of advanced wheat genotypes under water stress conditions at early seedling establishment.
Effect of Different Concentrations of Sucrose and Honey on the Physiochemical and Sensory Properties of Strawberry Leather
Authors: Khan Arsalan , Kaleem Muhammad , Qazi Ihsan Mabood , Khan Muhammad Ali , Hussain Ibrar , Ayub Muhammad , Shinwari Abid Shah , Shah Falak Naz ,  * Ata Ur Rehman
Published: June 2021

The aim of the present research work was to study the effect of different levels of sucrose and honey content on strawberry leather stored at room temperature for a total period of 90 days. The sucrose and honey was added at the level of 300:0, 250:50, 200:100, 150:150, 100:200, 50:250 and 0:300, representing each treatment. The prepared strawberry leather were analysed physiochemically for pH, acidity, ascorbic acid, reducing and non-reducing sugar content, sugar acid ration and organoleptically for colour, taste, texture and overall acceptability for a total period of 90 days. Statistical results revealed that treatment and storage interval had a significant (P< 0.05) effect on both physiochemical and organoleptic evaluation. Results also revealed that the decrease occurred in moisture content from (18.17-13.53%), pH (3.58 to 3.43), ascorbic acid (34.41 to 25.53), non-reducing sugar (5.09 to 4.85), sugar-acid ratio (71.03-65.37%), and sensory evaluation included colour (8.17 to 5.10), texture (8.31 to 5.69), taste (8.37 to 6.04) and overall acceptability (8.37 to 5.61), while increase was found in total acidity (1.137-1.267%), total soluble solid (80.96 to 83.04 °Brix) and reducing sugar (19.09-19.45%) during storage. The maximum mean values were observed for moisture in SL5 (16.37), ascorbic acid SL4 (31.59), pH SL4 (3.57), titratable acidity SL4 (1.230), total soluble solid SL4 (82.80), total solid SL4 (82.80), reducing sugar SL4 (26.47), non-reducing sugar SL1 (6.20), colour SL4 (7.13), texture SL4 (7.54), taste SL4 (7.79), overall acceptability SL4 (7.5) and sugar-acid ratio SL6 (70.76). Among all the treatments, T4 was found to be the best both physiochemically and organoleptically.
The Effect of Beta Cyclodextrin on the Removal of Cholesterol from Buffalo Milk
Authors: Mudassir Zunnurain , Nadeem Muhammad , Baig Hafiza Anam
Published: June 2021

This study was conducted to find out the efficiency of beta cyclodextrin (bCD) for the removalof cholesterol from buffalo milk. Standardised (3.5% fat) and homogenised buffalo milk was treated withbCD at three different concentrations i.e., 0.5, 1 and 1.5% (T1, T2 and T3) and compared with a controlwithout bCD treatment. Treatment of milk with bCD at all concentrations did not show any negative impacton pH and acidity of milk. 90% cholesterol was removed when buffalo milk was treated with 1.5% bCD.Treatment of milk with bCD did not reveal significant effect on fatty acid and triglyceride compositionof milk as well as physicochemical and sensory characteristics (P>0.05). These results depicted that bCDcan be used efficiently for the removal of cholesterol from buffalo milk.
Review A Review on Rangeland Management in Pakistan, Bottlenecks and Recommendations
Authors: Mansoor Muhammad , Jamil Muhammad , Anwar Fawad , Awan Aftab Ahmed , Muhammad Sher
Published: June 2021

Role of rangelands in the livelihoods improvement of rural communes. is pivotal, through animal rearing, obtaining versatile products and services. Rangelands play key role in maintenance of agro- ecosystem and preservation of biodiversity in the country by improving infiltration rate, leading thereby a sustainable water flow in the down streams and reducing soil erosion. However, due to increased population pressure there is analogous increase in the demand for food, forage and other resources. In addition rangelands provide wildlife and fish habitat and recreation spots. Keeping in view the current global climate change scenario the government has given high priority to rangelands management, hence the concentration of the politicians and policy makers is to focus on the sustainable rangeland development and management. The article deals first with the importance of range management, then discusses rangelands problems of Pakistan, causes of degradation of rangelands, human factors contributing to range degradation and finally recommendations are discussed.
General and Specific Combining Ability Estimates for Morphological, Yield and its Attributes and Seed Traits in Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)
Authors: Baloch Muhammad Jurial , Depar Muhammad Siddique , Chacher Qumar-Uddin
Published: June 2021

The improvement in sunflower breeding requires exploitation of combining ability of divergent male and female inbreds. Six cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) lines and three testers were crossed in line ´ tester  design, thus 18 F1 hybrids were developed for evaluation of  general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) of inbred parents for days to 90% maturity, stem girth, head size, achenes/plant, 1000-seed weight, achene yield kg/ha, oil and  protein%. The significant variances due to lines and testers both determined GCA variances revealed the predominance of additive genes whilst significance of lines ´ tester interactions indicated the importance of SCA variances and the involvement of non-additive genes in the expression of traits studied. The foremost role of non-additive genes was apparent when ratio s2 SCA/s2GCA was above 1.0. These results suggested the prevalence of dominant genes and possibility of hybrid crop development. The GCA effects indicated that CMS parents SF-187, 64-A-93 and ARG-0405 and tester RHP-46 were high general combiners, thus may be chosen for crossing  and  selection programmes, whereas F1 hybrids SF-187 ´ RHP-46, 64-A-93 ´ RHP-46, PAC-ARG-0405   PAC-ARG-0106, 64-A-93 ´ RHP-46 and PSF-025 ´ RHP-64 which used parents with good ´ good and good ´ poor GCA estimates revealed higher positive SCA estimates for achene yield, oil and protein traits yet manifested desirable negative effects for 90% maturity. Such results suggested that these hybrids are desirable for the exploitation of hybrid crop development or selection of desirable plants from earlier filial generations.
Genetic Variability, Heritability and Correlation Studies in F2 Populations of Upland Cotton
Authors: Baloch Muhammad Jurial , Lochi Rehana , Jatoi Wajid Ali , Baloch Abdul Wahid , Arain Muhammad Ahmed
Published: June 2021

A field experiment was conducted at the experimental area of the Department of Plant Breeding & Genetics, Sindh Agriculture University Tandojam, during the year 2014-2015 in order to carry-out genetic analysis in F2 populations of upland cotton. The trial was laid-out in a Randomized Complete Block Design with four replications. The material was consisted of eight parents and ten F2 populations. The analysis of variance revealed significant differences among the parents and F2 populations for all the traits studied except that fibre length was non-significant in parents.  The results further suggested that maximum heritability, higher genetic variances coupled with more genetic gains were expressed by the F2 populations CRIS-134 ´ CRIS-508 and CRIS-134 ´ CIM-598 for 1st sympodial node number; CRIS-134 ´ Neelum- 121 and CRIS-134 ´ CRIS-508 for sympodial branches/plant;  CRIS-342 ´ FH-113 for boll weight;  CRIS- 342 ´ Neelum-121 for bolls/plant, seed cotton yield/plant, lint % and micronaire value and progenies CRIS-342 ´ MNH-886 followed by CRIS-342 ´ Neelum-121  for staple length.  These results also suggested that a number of F2 populations indicated their potential for various seed cotton yield and fibre traits. The phenotypic correlations revealed that most of the traits were significantly and positively associated with seed cotton yield/plant.  However, higher correlations of sympodial branches/plant (r = 0.69**) and bolls/ plant (r = 0.82**) with seed cotton yield indicated that both the traits are more reliable as compared to other traits for selection of higher seed cotton yields. Very interestingly, fibre traits like lint%, fibre length and micronaire were also significantly correlated with seed cotton yield, suggesting that fibre quality traits can be improved without compromising on seed cotton yield. Thus, the material under study is very promising and worthy of selection to improve many traits simultaneously.
Review Epigenetic Alterations and their Dietary Backgrounds
Authors: Saleem Rani Saira , Shear Rani Wafa
Published: June 2021

The key intention of this review is to summarize the different studies which relate the genome-diet interactions with future perspectives of exploring an insight into the well defined functions of diverse micronutrients and other dietary components that play a vital task in defining the early developmental patterns of an organism. Human fetus development is a complex process that is totally dependent on the dietary components which interact with the genes to regulate the different proliferation and differentiation stages. We want to explore those complex interactions that lay hidden between micro-nutrients and gene expressions but are means of the apparent changes of a phenotype of an individual. Along with this the review will also perceive some basics of development of certain diseases as well, due to these complex genome-diet interactions thus leading to refine the dietary outlines for maternal and prenatal develop- mental stages in future. Research has also shown that genome-diet interactions are very complex as without proper nutrients the end result is the genome instability which may lead to chronic diseases, developmental defects  and certain types of cancer.
Preparation, Characterisation and Photocatalytic Activity of La-doped ZnO Nanopowders Synthesised using Auto-combustion
Authors: Ahmad Mukhtar , Ahmed Eijaz , Ikram Muhammad , Zafar Fezza , Niaz Niaz Ahmed , Hong Zhanglian , Hafeez Abdul , Riaz Khalid Nadeem , Ahmed Waqar
Published: June 2021

Nanocrystalline nanoparticles of pristine ZnO and La-doped ZnO have been synthesised usinga combustion method using various concentrations of lanthanum dopant followed by calcination for 3 hat 700 °C. The crystalline structure, chemical composition and optical characteristics have been characterisedusing X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron spectroscopy (SEM) attached with energy dispersiveX-ray (EDX) spectroscopy, Brunauer Emmett Teller (BET), UV-vis. spectroscopy and photoluminescence(PL) spectroscopy. Absorption spectra showed that the absorbance increased with La-doping and the blueshift observed was due to an increase in the band gap from 3.24 to 3.27 eV. The photocatalytic activitiesof the samples prepared were evaluated using the photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange (MO) underirradiation by sunlight. The textile mill effluents containing organic matter were also irradiated with sunlightinducing photocatalysis and the chemical oxygen demand (COD) of the treated effluent were investigated.The results showed that the ZnO photocatalyst doped with 1.0 at.% lanthanum exhibited four timesenhancement in the photocatalytic activity compared to pure ZnO.
Activated Sludge Process and its Suitability for Treatment of Tannery Waste Water
Authors: Memon Niaz Ahmed , Ahmed Nisar , Jalbani Nusrat , Ayaz Tahira , Bagum Razia , Munshi Alia Bano
Published: June 2021

This study was conducted for the treatment of tannery wastewater and to develop simple design criteria under local conditions. BOD5, COD, total Cr, SO4 2-, S2-, SS, TDS and TS of the influent and effluent were measured to find process efficiency at various mixed liquor volatile suspended solids (MLVSS), dissolved oxygen (DO) and hydraulic detention time. Results of the study demonstrated that an efficiency of above parameters 93.0%, 92.5%, 94.9%, 62.6%, 98.2%, 87.9%, 82.1% and 82.4%, respectively, could be obtained if the activated sludge process (ASP) is operated at the MLVSS concentration of 3500-4500 mg/L, (DO) concentration of 4.1-5.5 mg/L keeping an aeration time of 12 h.
Effect of Different Processing Stages on the Crystallinity % and Tensile Strength of 100% Cotton Fabric
Authors: Hussain Zahid , Tusief Muhammad Qamar , Abid Sharjeel , Khawer Muhammad Tauseef , Amin Nabeel , Abbas Mudassar
Published: June 2021

In this study, 100 % cotton fabric was used to check the impact on fabric crystallinity and tensile  strength at different processing stages. Desizing, scouring, bleaching, mercerization and resin (only resin & resin+softener) application were the processes performed on the fabric. X-Ray diffractometer and tensile strength tester were used to determine the crystallinity index (CI) and tensile strength, respectively. Results revealed that from scouring to mercerization crystallinity (CI) decreased while desizing and resin application treatments showed no significant impact on the crystallinity (CI). In case of tensile strength, a decreasing trend from desizing to resin application was observed.
Biosorption Characteristics of Water Hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) in the Removal of Nickel (II) Ion under Isothermal Condition
Authors: Obi Chidi , Eigbiremonlen Sylvester
Published: June 2021

This study was taken to investigate the potentiality of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) as an alternative biosorbent for the removal of Ni (II) ion from aqueous solution. The optimum pH, contact time and concentration were found to be 6.0, 40 min and 1.0 mg/L under isothermal condition. The biosorption of Ni (II) ion was found to decrease with increasing pH, initial concentration and contact time. Results obtained were analysed with Langmuir and Freundlich biosorption models. The equilibrium data fitted well to the Langmuir biosorption model with correlation coefficient (R2) value of 0.98. The monolayer adsorption capacity was 0.29 mg/g. The removal of Ni (II) ion from aqueous solution using water hyacinth biomass followed a monolayer biosorption.
Impact of Urbanization on Inflows and Water Quality of Rawal Lake
Authors: Awais Muhammad , Afzal Muhammad , Granceri Massimiliano , Saleem Muhammad
Published: June 2021

Two phenomena playing important role in affecting water resources all over the world are: urbanization and climate changes. Urban and peri-urban water bodies are very vulnerable to these phenomena in terms of quality and quantity protection. This study was aimed to perceive the impact of ever-increasing urbanization on water quality in the catchment area of Rawal Lake. Rawal Lake supplies water for domestic use to Rawalpindi city and Cantonment area. The water was found biologically unfit for human consumption due to total and faecal coliformus counts higher than WHO limits. Similarly, turbidity and calcium was more than WHO standards. There should be detailed study on climate change parallel to urbanization in the Rawal catchment to quantify its impacts on water quality and inflows.
Chemical Characterisation of Himalayan Rock Salt
Authors: Hassan Abrar ul , Mohy Udd Din Ayesha , Ali Sakhawat
Published: June 2021

Present study involves the chemical evaluation of rock salt samples collected from the pluggingsites of Himalayan salt (Khewra salt mines and Kalabagh salt mines) for their moisture content, waterinsoluble matter, calcium, magnesium, sulphate content and trace minerals such as Fe,Cu,Cd,Pb,As,Agand Zn determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy. Moisture content of Khewra and Kalabagh saltsamples ranged from 0.03 wt. % to 0.09 wt. % and 0.06 % to 0.08 %, respectively. Water insoluble matterranged from 0.08 wt. % to 1.4 wt. % and 1.5 wt. % to 2.8wt. % for Khewra and Kalabagh salt samples,respectively. Sulphate content for Khewra salt sample was from 0.39 % to 0.91 % and for Kalabagh saltmines from 0.75 wt. % to 0.95wt. %. For Khewra salt mines calcium ranged 0.15wt. % to 0.32wt. % andfor Kalabagh salt samples from 0.1 wt. % to 0.27wt. %. Magnesium ranged from 0.11 wt. % to 0.35wt.% for Khewra salt mines, while for Kalabagh salt samples its range was 0.18wt. % to 0.89wt. %. Tracemetals had the concentration ranges between 0.2 to 1.85 mg/kg for copper; between 0.21 to 0.42 mg/kgfor manganese; between 0.04 to 0.06 mg/kg for zinc; between 0.12 to 0.18 mg/kg for arsenic and between0.03 and 0.05 mg/kg for lead while cadmium content was either below the methods detection limits orin very trace amounts. The results show that the concentrations of all the parameters studied are belowthe limits set by World Health Organization (WHO) and Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO).Therefore, it can be concluded from the paper that the Himalayan salt from the plugging sites of Khewraand Kalabagh salt mines are safe to use.
Dynamic Compression and Thermo-Physical Properties of Some Wood Particles in South Western Nigeria
Authors: Adekoya Mathew Adefusika , Oluyamo Sunday Samuel , Bello Olawale Ramon
Published: June 2021

This study examines the dynamic compression and thermo-physical properties of some woodparticles obtained from Akure, south local government area, Ondo State, South Western Nigeria. Thesewood particles are of the species of Celtis zenkeri and Celtis philippensis of the Ulmaceae family. Thesamples were possessed into different particle sizes (300, 600 and 850 µm) and subjected to variedcompacting pressures (2.6-3.0 MPa). The density and specific heat capacity of the wood samples weredetermined using weighing displacement methods and temperature dependent model while the thermaldiffusivity was estimated from other thermal properties. The results revealed significant variation in thevalues of the specific heat capacity as a result of change in pressure for all the wood samples considered.The density of wood samples lies between 4.51×102 -7.32×102 kg/m3 and the specific heat capacity valuesobtained for the samples fall within the range of 1.28×103-1.33×103 J/kg/K. It was also noted that thethermal diffusivity obtained falls within the range of 1.37×10-7-2.10×10-7 m2/s for the wood materialsconsidered. However, the values of the densities, specific heat capacities and thermal diffusivities of thesamples were found to change as the compacting pressure increased due to decreased in porosity. Theimplication of the study is that the mate
A Three-Layer Microstrip Resonator for Complex Permittivity Measurement of Medium Loss Liquids Using 3D-FDTD Simulation
Authors: Avaznia Cyrus , Moradi Gholamreza
Published: June 2021

A three-layer microstrip resonator is introduced to measure complex permittivities of mediumloss liquids. The device is configured such that the first layer containing the liquid under test; a sheet ofpolytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) is embedded in the middle layer, and the third layer functions as the baseon which the patch is printed. The base layer is inverted on PTFE layer, and reflection coefficient ismeasured from 2.5 GHz to 5 GHz. The complex permittivities are extracted from the resonant frequencyand the 10-dB bandwidth of S-parameter for different combinations of ethanol and methanol. Indeed,a three-layer microstrip resonator allows us to possess an affordable, and yet, high-accuracy electricaldevice to measure complex permittivities of medium loss liquids. FDTD method is used for analysingthe structure and the results obtained by using FDTD method and the experimental data indicate a highdegree of similarity.
Schiff Bases Derived from 1-Aminoanthraquinone: A New Class of Analgesic Compounds
Authors: Fareed Ghulam , Rizwani Ghazala Hafeez , Ahmed Maryam , Versiani Muhammad Ali , Fareed Nazia
Published: June 2021

A series of Schiff bases 1-17 were synthesised by way of a facile condensation between 1-amino-anthraquinone with a variety of carbonyl compounds in the presence of a catalytic amount of dodeca-tungstosilicic acid/P2O5 under solvent free conditions at room temperature. These were charachterised by1H- and 13C-NMR, LCMS, FTIR and elemental analyses. All the compounds were screened for theiranalgesic activity using hot plate thermal stimuli method at dose of 10 and 30 mg/kg. Diclofenac sodiumwas used as a reference drug. All the compounds at dose of 10 and 30 mg/kg body weight showed thesignificant (p<0.05) increase in latency time as compared to control (normal saline). Compound 5 showedexcellent activity after 120 min of drug administration (10 mg/kg) of body weight. Compound 10 wasfound to be potent (10.48±1.19s, 11.27±1.2s and 10.24±1.9s) at dose of 30 mg/kg at 30, 60 and 120 min,respectively when compared to the standard drug. Compound 6 (10.13±0.4s) was also found to be anexcellent analgesic compound at a dose of 30 mg/kg at 120 min. However, the studies on analgesic activityrevealed that some of the target compounds may be strong candidates as an analgesic drug.
Application of Eco-friendly Antimicrobial Finish Butea monosperma Leaves on Fabric Properties of Polyester and Cotton/Polyester
Authors: Sadaf Shama , Saeed Muhammad , Kalsoom Samia
Published: June 2021

The study was aimed to check the effect of eco-friendly antimicrobial finish on 100% polyesterand 50/50 cotton/polyester woven fabrics. The leaves extract of Butea monosperma was used as an eco-friendly antimicrobial finish. The fabric was first desized, scoured, bleached and washed then antimicrobialfinish was applied by using pad dry cure method. The aesthetic, comfort and mechanical fabrics propertieswere checked before and after applying antimicrobial finish. Under aesthetic property stiffness andsmoothness appearance was checked, under comfort related property absorbency and air permeability waschecked and under mechanical property tear and tensile strength was checked. The antimicrobial finishwas checked by using ASTEM E2149 Shake Flask method. The AATCC and ISO standard testing methodswere used for checking fabric properties. One way ANOVA statistical test was applied for analysis ofresults. Antimicrobial finish has increased aesthetic (stiffness, smoothness appearance), comfort (absorbency,air permeability) and mechanical (tensile and tear strengths) properties of polyester and cotton/polyesterfabrics. The antimicrobial finish was effective on both 100% polyester and 50/50 cotton/polyester fabricsup to 25 washes. This study is beneficial to medical industry, paramedical staff, sports wears, homefurnishing as well as common people.
Safety of a first-day catheter removal after transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP): a propensity score-matched historical control study
Authors:   Department of Surgery, Sawanpracharak Hospital, Nakhon Sawan, Thailand, Prasopsuk Songwut , Tunruttanakul Suppadech ,   Department of Surgery, Sawanpracharak Hospital, Nakhon Sawan, Thailand
Published: June 2021

Objective: Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) is the standard surgical management for patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Postoperative maintenance of bladder catheterization is a routine procedure. However, the timing of catheter removal varies. Our objective is to evaluate the safety of early catheter removal (less than 24 hours) whilst maintaining efficacy, especially in an overcrowded community-based hospital, which has a high rate of preoperative catheterization (47.7%). Materials and Methods: This was a prospective and retrospective observational cohort study of 399 TURP indicated patients from February 2014 to September 2019. Since October 2017, the urological unit protocol has changed the process of removal of the catheter to less than 24 hours after monitoring for safety. Data from 95 patients after October 2017 was prospectively collected as the less than 24 hours group. The information from 2014 to October 2017 was collected and used as the control group. Data was then studied retrospectively for three years. The primary outcome, morbidity, and postoperative stay were compared with a 1:1 nearest neighbor propensity score-matched analysis. Results: After the score was matched and balanced, there was no difference as regards complications between the two groups (Odd ratio (OR): 1, (95% Confidence interval (95% CI): 0.14-7.10, p-value: 1.00). Acute urinary retention and postoperative bleeding were also comparable (OR: 0.5, 95% CI: (0.05-5.51), p-value: 0.57, and p-value: 0.99). The postoperative hospital stay was significantly less in the < 24 hours group (38.1 less hours, 95% CI: (41.82- 34.31), p-value: < 0.01). Conclusion: After TURP early catheter removal was safe even in the hospital with a high preoperative catheterization rate. Experienced surgeons, well-educated and compliant patients without contraindications (neurogenic bladder, urethral stricture, stroke, and some intraoperative complications: urinary bladder perforation, urinary tract infection, prostatic capsule perforation, or intraoperative bleeding) are our recommendation for adopting this protocol.
Psychoanalysis of ideas about acute pneumonia
Authors: Klepikov Igor
Published: June 2021

Psychoanalysis of ideas about acute pneumonia
STRATEGY TO MAINTAIN EMPLOYEE WELLBEING IN THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC TIME
Authors: Henokh Parmenas Naik
Published: June 2021

The study used a random questionnaire that had been distributed to employees from various types of businesses, there were 157 respondents who filled in, and 134 data were processed by the author to analyze the company's strategy in maintaining employee well-being. Among them are: Demographics of respondents consisting of: Type of business entity, type of industry, size of company. In addition, we took data about the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on companies. Strategies for maintaining employee well-being which include: a) implementation of strategies consisting of: types of wellbeing programs implemented by the company, description of the implementation of well-being programs before and after the Covid-19 pandemic. b) Dynamic implementation of strategies for maintaining employee wellbeing based on dimensions consisting of: application of wellbeing to improve physical health, psychological health, relationship, homework interface. Research result; an increase in the percentage of companies implementing well-being programs from 58% to 63%. The strategy applied by the company focuses more on the wellness program. Based on the dimensions of Employee well-being, companies implement more Physical Health programs by providing health care (masks, vitamins, hand sanitizers) and the lowest is Psychological Health.