bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Uso Indiscriminado e Irracional de Antinflamatórios não Esteroidais (Aines) por Pacientes Idosos em uma Rede de Farmácias do Sudoeste da Bahia
Authors: Carvalho Clodevan Silva , Carvalho Alana Soares , Portela Fernanda Santos
Published: May 2018

Em decorrência do crescente número de idosos, torna-se imprescindível a realização de estudos que promovam a melhoria na qualidade de vida dos mesmos. O presente trabalho é de cunho exploratório descritivo com abordagem quantitativa e abrange pacientes de 60 a 80anos que fazem uso de algum anti-inflamatório não esteroidal(AINE), em uma rede de farmácias no sudoeste da Bahia. O mesmo visa analisar o impacto que este uso indiscriminado e irracional pode suscitar aos pacientes em questão. Dentro do referido constata-se que 80% da população idosa possui doença crônica e faz uso de algum AINE. Entres os mais utilizados, destaca-se o diclofenaco em primeiro lugar com 34%. Sendo que 50% dos entrevistados buscam o medicamento como forma de alívio para dores de coluna ou cabeça e metade do total de indivíduos participantes pratica a automedicação. Contudo, o uso irracional e indiscriminado pode proporcionar interação medicamentosa ou efeito indesejável, como distúrbios gastrointestinais, viabilizando uma má qualidade de vida aos idosos.
A Musicoterapia e a Música na Medicina como terapia adjuvante no âmbito da Obstetrícia: Uma Revisão Bibliográfica
Authors: Mesquisa Neto Edmar , Melo Antonio Marlos Duarte de , Neves Ana Beatriz Callou Sampaio , Neves Isabela Callou Sampaio , Sampaio José Angelo Araújo , Petrônio Cícera Nerilda Vieira , Telles Maria Valéria Leimig , Malheiro Djailson Ricardo
Published: May 2018

A gestação é um dos períodos mais importantes na vida de pai, mãe de filho. Este período é comumente doloroso e difícil, embora seja gratificante e recompensador. No entanto, o tratamento das patologias deste período é difícil, tendo em vista os riscos que os fármacos e as terapias intervencionistas podem causar a saúde dos envolvidos. Tendo isso em vista, esta análise de literatura vista avaliar os progressos recentes da musicoterapia na obstetrícia, esta que vem nos últimos anos sendo estudada em todos os âmbitos da medicina como terapia adjuvante e não seria diferente no processo do nascer. Os trabalhos foram analisados separadamente principalmente conforme o período gestacional na qual tinham abrangido. Optou-se por organizar da seguinte forma: musicoterapia na preconcepção, no pré-natal, no parto normal, no parto cesáreo, musicoterapia sobre o pai e por fim analisamos de uma forma geral a metodologia dos ensaios clínicos mais recentes. Palavras chave: musicoterapia, obstetrícia, saúde.
Câncer de Mama em Crianças e Adolescentes: Uma Revisão Sistemática
Authors: Melo Antonio Marlos Duarte de , Neves Ana Beatriz Callou Sampaio , Neves Isabela Callou Sampaio , Mesquisa Neto Edmar , Sampaio José Angelo Araújo , Petrônio Cícera Nerilda Vieira , Telles Maria Valéria Leimig , Torres Diego José Lira , Rolim Neto Modesto Leite
Published: May 2018

Resumo: O Câncer de Mama em crianças e adolescentes é uma patologia rara, porém deve ser levantada esta hipótese quando o paciente apresenta lesões nodulares na referida região anatômica. Os pacientes com massas mamárias e que tiverem histórico familiar de neoplasia maligna de mama, exposição prévia à radiação, mutações genéticas, que são fatores de risco do câncer de mama na população geral, devem ser abordados pelo médico para prosseguir investigação e, assim, afastar definitivamente a malignidade e tomar a conduta adequada. Com isso, objetiva-se expor os principais tipos histopatológicos de Câncer de Mama nessas faixas etárias, além de suas particularidades clínicas, diagnósticas, terapêuticas e prognósticas. Foram colhidos, na busca, 19 artigos de periódicos, buscando embasar conhecimento teórico sobre esta patologia rara, permitindo a adequada abordagem médica nesses casos. Os principais resultados de biópsia permitem afirmar que o Câncer de Mama em crianças e adolescentes podem ser doença metastática de outro sítio, que é o mais comum, mas também carcinomas, sarcomas, angiossarcomas, além de outros diagnósticos diferenciais que também devem ser abordados como o Tumor Phyllodes e o Fibroadenoma, mostrando que cada com um pode ter diagnóstico e tratamento peculiares.
The growth-volatility relationship redux: what does volatility decomposition tell?
Authors: Mallick Debdulal
Published: May 2018

This paper revisits the empirical relationship between volatility and long-run growth, but the key contribution lies in decomposing growth volatility into its business-cycle and trend components. This volatility decomposition also accounts for enormous heterogeneity among countries in terms of their long-run growth trajectories. We identify a negative effect of trend volatility, which we refer to as long-run volatility, on growth, but no effect of business-cycle volatility. However, if long-run volatility is omitted, there would be a spurious (negative) effect of business-cycle volatility. Our results draw attention to a crucial question about different volatility measures and their implications in macroeconomic analyses.
Meaning making from life to language:The Semiotic Hierarchy and phenomenology
Authors: Zlatev Jordan
Published: May 2018

The paper rethinks a proposal for a unified cognitive semiotic framework,The Semiotic Hierarchy,in explicitly phenomenological terms, following above all the work of Merleau-Ponty. The main changes to the earlier formulation of the theory are the following. First, the claim that a general concept of meaning can be understood as the value-based relationship between the subject and the world is shown to correspond to the most fundamental concept of phenomenology:intentionality, understood as “openness to the world.” Second, the rather strict nature of the original hierarchy of meaning levels made the model rather static and one-directional, thus resembling an old-fashionedscala naturae. Reformulating the relationship between the levels in terms of the dynamical notion ofFundierungavoids this pitfall. Third, the phenomenological analysis allows, somewhat paradoxically, both a greater number of levels (life, subjectivity, intersubjectivity, sign function, language) and less discrete borders between these. Fourth, there is an intimate relation between (levels and kinds of) intentionality and normativity, making the normativity of language a special case. Fifth, to each level of meaning corresponds a dialectics of spontaneity and sedimentation, with corresponding normative structures (e.g., habits, emotions, conventions, signs and grammar) both emerging from and constraining, but not determining, subject-world interactions. Sixth and finally, the analysis follows the basic phenomenological principle to examine the phenomena without theoretical preconceptions, and without premature explanations. This implies a focus on human experience, even when dealing with the “biological” level of meaning, with the possibility of extending the analysis to non-human subjects through empathy. The intention is that this phenomenologically interpreted version of the Semiotic Hierarchy may serve as a useful tool against any kind of meaning reductionism, whether biological, mental, social or linguistic.
Temporality of sense-making in narrative interactions
Authors: Popova Yanna , Cuffari Elena
Published: May 2018

Human experience is inherently temporal and involves placing events, symbols, and actions in a temporal scheme. This article deals with a specific aspect of temporal experience as it relates to reading and experiencing narrative fiction. Within an enactive understanding of human cognition, we propose a view of literary reading as a process of participatory sense-making between a reader and a storyteller. The enactive theory of participatory sense-making maintains that agents, by enacting their own sense-making, directly and partially constitute the sense-making of other agents. Sense-makers in interaction navigate two orders of normativity: their own and that of the interaction itself. Linguistic sense-making (languaging) opens up further possibilities for understanding complex spatially and temporally distributed forms of social interactions such as narrative interactions. Reading a narrative is one such example of mutually constituted navigation between an interaction dynamic and interactors’ sense-making. The reader completes and co-authors emergent textual meaning and a textually emerging storyteller guides and anticipates the multiple temporal displacements, realized linguistically, that a reader has to experience in the process of reading. We explore the participatory structure of a narrative through its temporal unfolding and the specific, non-linear nature of the temporal dynamics of interacting with a storytelling agency. In particular, narrative interactions are seen as modulations in the pacing of a given narrative’s unfolding. It is suggested that the reader’s enactment of such temporally realized pacings constitutes a better description of narrative immersion than its traditional understanding as a simulation of spatial situatedness.
Numerical solution of mixed convection flow of an MHD Jeffery fluid over an exponentially stretching sheet in the presence of thermal radiation and chemical reaction
Authors: Shateyi Stanford , Marewo Gerald T.
Published: May 2018

We numerically investigate a mixed convection model for a magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) Jeffery fluid flowing over an exponentially stretching sheet. The influence of thermal radiation and chemical reaction is also considered in this study. The governing non-linear coupled partial differential equations are reduced to a set of coupled non-linear ordinary differential equations by using similarity functions. This new set of ordinary differential equations are solved numerically using the Spectral Quasi-Linearization Method. A parametric study of physical parameters involved in this study is carried out and displayed in tabular and graphical forms. It is observed that the velocity is enhanced with increasing values of the Deborah number, buoyancy and thermal radiation parameters. Furthermore, the temperature and species concentration are decreasing functions of the Deborah number. The skin friction coefficient increases with increasing values of the magnetic parameter and relaxation time. Heat and mass transfer rates increase with increasing values of the Deborah number and buoyancy parameters.
Dynamics of a dry-rebounding drop: observations, simulations, and modeling
Authors: Nishimura Akio , Weller Henry , Maruoka Hirokazu , Takayanagi Masao , Ushiki Hideharu
Published: May 2018

Dynamics of a dry-rebounding drop was studied experimentally, numerically, and theoretically. Experimental results were reproduced by our computational fluid dynamics simulations, from which time series of kinetic energy, potential energy, and surface energy were obtained. The time series of these energies quantitatively clarified the energy conversion and loss during the dry-rebound. These results were interpreted by using an imaginary spring model and a spherical harmonic analysis. The spring model explained the vertical deformation of the drop, however, could not completely explain the energy loss; the timings of the energy loss did not match. From a viewpoint of the spherical harmonic deformation of a drop, the deformation of the drop after the impact was found to be a combination of two vibrational motions. One of the two vibrational motions is an inertial motion derived from the free-fall and the another is a pressure-induced motion derived from a pressure surge due to the sudden stop of the bottom part of the drop at the impact. The existence of the pressure surge at the impact was confirmed in the simulated results. The pressure-induced motion resists the inertial motion and consequently dumps the kinetic energy of the drop.
Electro-magneto-hydrodynamic lubrication
Authors: Wierzcholski Krzysztof , Miszczak Andrzej
Published: May 2018

The topic of the presented paper aims to demonstrate a new principle of hydrodynamic lubrication in mechanical, thermal and electro-magnetic fields. Up till now, when dealing with the hydrodynamic theory lubrication, many authors of scientific papers have assumed the constant oil dynamic viscosity value without variations caused by temperature crosswise the film thickness. Simultaneously, due to the numerous AFM measurements, it appears that oil temperature gradients and oil viscosity changes in the bearing gap height directions cannot be omitted. Therefore, in this paper, the problem of the viscosity changes across the lubricant thin layer was resolved as the main novelty in principles of mechanical thermal lubrication. The method of solving the mentioned problem was manifested by a general model of semi-analytical solutions of isothermal electro-magneto-elastohydro-dynamic and non-Newtonian, lubrication problem formulated for two deformable rotational surfaces in curvilinear, co-ordinates.
Modeling the initial mechanical response and yielding behavior of gelled crude oil
Authors: Lei Chen , Gang Liu , Xingguo Lu , Minghai Xu , Yuannan Tang
Published: May 2018

The initial mechanical response and yielding behavior of gelled crude oil under constant shear rate conditions were investigated. By putting the Maxwell mechanical analog and a special dashpot in parallel, a quasi-Jeffreys model was obtained. The kinetic equation of the structural parameter in the Houska model was simplified reasonably so that a simplified constitutive equation of the special dashpot was expressed. By introducing a damage factor into the constitutive equation of the special dashpot and the Maxwell mechanical analog, we established a constitutive equation of the quasi-Jeffreys model. Rheological tests of gelled crude oil were conducted by imposing constant shear rates and the relationship between the shear stress and shear strain under different shear rates was plotted. It is found that the constitutive equation can fit the experimental data well under a wide range of shear rates. Based on the fitted parameters in the quasi-Jeffreys model, the shear stress changing rules of the Maxwell mechanical analog and the special dashpot were calculated and analyzed. It is found that the critical yield strain and the corresponding shear strain where shear stress of the Maxwell analog is the maximum change slightly under different shear rates. And then a critical damage softening strain which is irrelevant to the shearing conditions was put forward to describe the yielding behavior of gelled crude oil.
Lie symmetry analysis and conservation laws for the time fractional simplified modified Kawahara equation
Authors: Baleanu Dumitru , Inc Mustafa , Yusuf Abdullahi , Aliyu Aliyu Isa
Published: May 2018

In this work, Lie symmetry analysis for the time fractional simplified modified Kawahara (SMK) equation with Riemann-Liouville (RL) derivative, is analyzed. We transform the time fractional SMK equation to nonlinear ordinary differential equation (ODE) of fractional order using its Lie point symmetries with a new dependent variable. In the reduced equation, the derivative is in the Erdelyi-Kober (EK) sense. We solve the reduced fractional ODE using a power series technique. Using Ibragimov’s nonlocal conservation method to time fractional partial differential equations, we compute conservation laws (Cls) for the time fractional SMK equation. Some figures of the obtained explicit solution are presented.
Solitary wave solutions of two KdV-type equations
Authors: Al-Ghafri Khalil Salim
Published: May 2018

The present paper investigates the solitary wave solutions of the nonlinear evolution equations with power nonlinearties. The study has been carried out for two examples of KdV-type equations, namely, the nonlinear dispersive equation and the generalised KdV equation. To achieve our goal, we have applied the projective Riccati equation method. As a result, many exact solutions in the form of solitary wave solutions and combined formal solitary wave solutions are obtained
Morality, culture, and the educational stigmata of capitalism
Authors: Huhtala Hanna-Maija
Published: May 2018

Theodor Adorno’s moral philosophical thinking has relevance to the philosophy of education in today’s neoliberal context. Traditionally, the rational idea of morality has been essential in the philosophy of education. However, the Adornian idea of theinsufficiencyof reason as the foundation of morality is something that has not been thoroughly explored. By examining the characteristics of neoliberal education through the lenses of Adorno’s critique of the culture industry, it becomes clear that education must be approached not as a commodity or driver of the economy but as a means to enrich the individual. This enrichment, which begins with facilitating prerequisites for the foundation of autonomy in early childhood, rejects the homogenization of neoliberal education and instead promotes the ideals of ongoing critical self-reflection and the resistance of norms.
Securing, Leveraging and Sustaining Power for Street Vendors in India
Authors: Kumar Sachin , Singh Arbind
Published: May 2018

While street vendors have provided goods and services to millions at an affordable rate on their doorsteps since time immemorial, erosion of the rural livelihood base, growing informalisation and unabated urbanisation have suddenly increased their numbers in Indian cities in the 1990s. Despite the fact that these workers contribute significantly to the urban economy, they have faced and often continue to experience humiliation, continual harassment, confiscations and sudden evictions. It became imperative to advocate for their rights through the formulation of appropriate policies, the enactment of relevant laws, and the provision of adequate social protection benefits. The National Association of Street Vendors of India (NASVI) played a pivotal and catalytic role in transforming street vendors from non-entities into a formidable force to reckon with. Based on existing published works on the street vendors’ movement in India, a series of key informant interviews and national consultation with stakeholders, the paper aims to document the journey of NASVI in terms of milestones, struggles and successes using the theoretical framework of power resources and capabilities. It also makes an attempt to bring out important lessons for social actors interested in organising informal workers.
Social Participation Determines Quality of Life Among Urban-Dwelling Older Adults With Stroke in a Developing Country
Authors: Goh Hui-Ting , Tan Maw-Pin , Mazlan Mazlina , Abdul-Latif Lydia , Subramaniam Pathmawati
Published: May 2018

Background and Purpose:

Poor quality of life (QoL) is a well-recognized consequence after stroke. Quality of life is influenced by a complex interaction between personal and environmental factors. Most previous investigations of the QoL after stroke have focused on personal factors, for example, physical deficits directly resulting from stroke. The influence of environmental factors, including social participation, is relatively understudied partly due to its high variation across different sociocultural contexts. The purpose of this study was to investigate the determinants of QoL among older adults with stroke living in an urban area of a developing country.

Methods:

This cross-sectional observational study included 75 older adults who were at least 3 months poststroke and 50 age-matched healthy controls. Depressive symptoms were quantified using the World Health Organization Quality of Life Brief version (WHOQoL-BREF). Physical function was examined using Functional Ambulation Category, grip strength, 5 times Sit-to-Stand test, and Box and Block tests. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment and visual-manual reaction time were used to index cognitive function. Depressive symptom was quantified using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9. The Barthel Index and Fatigue Severity Scale were used to quantify activity limitation. Social participation and environmental participation were assessed using the Assessment of Life Habit and Craig Hospital Inventory of Environment Factors, respectively. Linear stepwise regression models were used to determine explanators for WHOQoL-BREF domain scores.

Results:

Individuals with stroke demonstrated significantly worse QoL on all WHOQoL-BREF domains compared with healthy controls. Stroke was a strong determinant for QoL and explained 16% to 43% of variances. Adding other outcome measures significantly improved the robustness of the models (R
2 change = 12%-32%). The physical, psychological, social, and environmental domains of WHOQoL-BREF were all explained by the LIFE-H scores (β = −10.58, −3.37, 4.24, −5.35, respectively), while psychological, social, and environmental domains were explained by Montreal Cognitive Assessment scores (β = .47, 0.78, 0.54, respectively).

Conclusion:

Social participation and cognition were strong determinants of QoL among urban-dwelling older adults with stroke. Social and recreational activities and cognitive rehabilitation should therefore be evaluated as potential strategies to improve the well-being of older adults affected by stroke.
Total Sleep Deprivation and Recovery Sleep Affect the Diurnal Variation of Agility Performance: The Gender Differences
Authors: Romdhani Mohamed , Hammouda Omar , Smari Khawla , Chaabouni Yassine , Mahdouani Kacem , Driss Tarak , Souissi Nizar
Published: May 2018

Romdhani, M, Hammouda, O, Smari, K, Chaabouni, Y, Mahdouani, K, Driss, T, and Souissi, N. Total sleep deprivation and recovery sleep affect the diurnal variation of agility performance: The gender differences. J Strength Cond Res 35(1): 132–140, 2021—This study aimed to investigate the effects of time-of-day, 24 and 36 hours of total sleep deprivation (TSD), and recovery sleep (RS) on repeated-agility performances. Twenty-two physical education students (11 male and 11 female students) completed 5 repeated modified agility T-test (RMAT) sessions (i.e., 2 after normal sleep night [NSN] [at 07:00 and 17:00 hours], 2 after TSD [at 07:00 hours, i.e., 24-hour TSD and at 17:00 hours, i.e., 36-hour TSD], and 1 after RS at 17:00 hours). The RMAT index decreased from the morning to the afternoon after NSN (p < 0.05, d = 1.05; p < 0.01, d = 0.73) and after TSD (p < 0.001, d = 0.92; d = 1.08), respectively, for total time (TT) and peak time (PT). This finding indicates a diurnal variation in repeated agility, which persisted after TSD. However, the diurnal increase in PT was less marked in the female group after NSN (2.98 vs. 6.24%). Moreover, TT and PT increased, respectively, after 24-hour TSD (p < 0.001; d = 0.84, d = 0.87) and 36-hour TSD (p < 0.001, d = 1.12; p < 0.01, d = 0.65). Female subjects' PT was less affected by 24-hour TSD (1.76 vs. 6.81%) compared with male subjects' PT. After 36-hour TSD, the amount of decrease was not different between groups, which increased the diurnal amplitude of PT only for male subjects. Total sleep deprivation suppressed the diurnal increase of PT and increased the diurnal amplitude of oral temperature only in women. Nevertheless, RS normalized the sleep-loss–induced performance disruption. Conclusively, sleep loss and RS differently affect repeated-agility performance of men and women during the day. Sleep extension postdeprivation could have potent restorative effect on repeated-agility performances, and female subjects could extract greater benefits.
Assessment of Upper-Body Ballistic Performance Through the Bench Press Throw Exercise: Which Velocity Outcome Provides the Highest Reliability?
Authors: García-Ramos Amador , Haff G. Gregory , Jiménez-Reyes Pedro , Pérez-Castilla Alejandro
Published: May 2018

García-Ramos, A, Haff, GG, Jiménez-Reyes, and P, Pérez-Castilla, A. Assessment of upper-body ballistic performance through the bench press throw exercise: Which velocity outcome provides the highest reliability? J Strength Cond Res 32(10): 2701–2707, 2018—This study aimed to compare the between-session reliability of 3 velocity variables (mean velocity [MV], mean propulsive velocity [MPV], and maximum velocity [Vmax]) to assess bench press throw (BPT) performance. Twenty-one men were tested during 2 consecutive weeks in 2 variants of the BPT exercise (concentric-only and eccentric-concentric) against 5 different loading conditions (17, 27, 37, 47, and 57 kg). The 2 sessions of each BPT variant were performed within the same week separated by 48–72 hours. The main findings revealed that (a) the highest reliability was observed for Vmax (median coefficient of variation [CV] and range) (CV = 2.14% [1.43–4.02%]), followed by MV (CV = 3.18% [1.47–5.22%]), and finally, the MPV was the least reliable variable (CV = 4.27% [1.98–6.38%]), (b) all velocity variables demonstrated a higher reliability during the eccentric-concentric BPT (CV = 2.41% [1.43–5.30%]) when compared with the concentric-only BPT (CV = 4.02% [1.74–6.38%]), and (c) the reliability tended to decrease with the increment of the load: 17 kg (CV = 2.12% [1.43–4.68%]), 27 kg (CV = 1.96% [1.74–3.86%]), 37 kg (CV = 2.98% [2.47–5.67%]), 47 kg (CV = 4.59% [2.32–6.38%]), and 57 kg (CV = 3.92% [1.95–5.52%]). These results indicate that the assessment of the Vmax should be performed with a light-loading condition during the eccentric-concentric BPT for obtaining the most reproducible measure of upper-body ballistic performance.
Locomotor- and Reward-Enhancing Effects of Cocaine Are Differentially Regulated by Chemogenetic Stimulation of Gi-Signaling in Dopaminergic Neurons
Authors: Runegaard Annika H. , Sørensen Andreas T. , Fitzpatrick Ciarán M. , Jørgensen Søren H. , Petersen Anders V. , Hansen Nikolaj W. , Weikop Pia , Andreasen Jesper T. , Mikkelsen Jens D. , Perrier Jean-Francois , Woldbye David , Rickhag Mattias , Wortwein Gitta , Gether Ulrik
Published: May 2018

Dopamine plays a key role in the cellular and behavioral responses to drugs of abuse, but the implication of metabotropic regulatory input to dopaminergic neurons on acute drug effects and subsequent drug-related behavior remains unclear. Here, we used chemogenetics [Designer Receptors Exclusively Activated by Designer Drugs (DREADDs)] to modulate dopamine signaling and activity before cocaine administration in mice. We show that chemogenetic inhibition of dopaminergic ventral tegmental area (VTA) neurons differentially affects locomotor and reward-related behavioral responses to cocaine. Stimulation of Gi-coupled DREADD (hM4Di) expressed in dopaminergic VTA neurons persistently reduced the locomotor response to repeated cocaine injections. An attenuated locomotor response was seen even when a dual-viral vector approach was used to restrict hM4Di expression to dopaminergic VTA neurons projecting to the nucleus accumbens. Surprisingly, despite the attenuated locomotor response, hM4Di-mediated inhibition of dopaminergic VTA neurons did not prevent cocaine sensitization, and the inhibitory effect of hM4Di-mediated inhibition was eliminated after withdrawal. In the conditioned place-preference paradigm, hM4Di-mediated inhibition did not affect cocaine-induced place preference; however, the extinction period was extended. Also, hM4Di-mediated inhibition had no effect on preference for a sugar-based reward over water but impaired motivation to work for the same reward in a touchscreen-based motivational assay. In addition, to support that VTA dopaminergic neurons operate as regulators of reward motivation toward both sugar and cocaine, our data suggest that repeated cocaine exposure leads to adaptations in the VTA that surmount the ability of Gi-signaling to suppress and regulate VTA dopaminergic neuronal activity.
Genotyping by Sequencing of 393 Sorghum bicolor BTx623 × IS3620C Recombinant Inbred Lines Improves Sensitivity and Resolution of QTL Detection
Authors: Kong WenQian , Kim Changsoo , Zhang Dong , Guo Hui , Tan Xu , Jin Huizhe , Zhou Chengbo , Shuang Lan-shuan , Goff Valorie , Sezen Uzay , Pierce Gary , Compton Rosana , Lemke Cornelia , Robertson Jon , Rainville Lisa , Auckland Susan , Paterson Andrew H
Published: May 2018

We describe a genetic map with a total of 381 bins of 616 genotyping by sequencing (GBS)-based SNP markers in a F6-F8 recombinant inbred line (RIL) population of 393 individuals derived from crossing S. bicolor BTx623 to S. bicolor IS3620C, a guinea line substantially diverged from BTx623. Five segregation distorted regions were found with four showing enrichment for S. bicolor alleles, suggesting possible selection during formation of this RIL population. A quantitative trait locus (QTL) study with this number of individuals, tripled relative to prior studies of this cross, provided resources, validated previous findings, and demonstrated improved power to detect plant height and flowering time related QTL relative to other published studies. An unexpected low correlation between flowering time and plant height permitted us to separate QTL for each trait and provide evidence against pleiotropy. Ten non- random syntenic regions conferring QTL for the same trait suggest that those QTL may represent alleles at genes functioning in the same manner since the 96 million year ago genome duplication that created these syntenic relationships, while syntenic regions conferring QTL for different trait may suggest sub-functionalization after duplication. Collectively, this study provides resources for marker-assisted breeding, as well as a framework for fine mapping and subsequent cloning of major genes for important traits such as plant height and flowering time in sorghum.
Degradasi Fenol pada Limbah Cair Batik Menggunakan Reagen Fenton Dengan Sinar UV
Authors: Setyaingtyas Tien , Riyani Kapti , Dwiasi Dian Windy , Rahayu Ening Budhi
Published: May 2018

Senyawa fenolik merupakan salah satu kontaminan yang berbahaya dalam limbah cair karena sifatnya yang beracun bahkan pada konsentrasi rendah. Reagen fenton dapat digunakan untuk mendegradasi fenol  didasarkan pada pembentukan radikal hidroksil (•OH). Radikal hidroksil mampu menguraikan senyawa fenol melalui proses oksidasi. Reagen fenton merupakan campuran dari hidrogen peroksida (H2O2) dan ion Fe2+ yang dihasilkan dari senyawa FeSO4.  Penggunaan sinar  ultraviolet  pada sistem H2O2/Fe2+ untuk mempercepat dan memperbanyak terbentuknya radikal hidroksil.  Pembentukan radikal hidroksil dipengaruhi juga oleh kondisi pH larutan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mendegradasi fenol dalam limbah batik menggunakan reagen fenton dengan sinar UV. Parameter yang divariasi  adalah konsentrasi H2O2, berat FeSO4 dan pH.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sinar UV pada sistem fenton dapat meningkatkan degradasi fenol dalam limbah cair batik. Penurunan kadar fenol menggunakan fenton/UV sebesar  59,98% dengan penambahan H2O2 50 ppm dan FeSO4 0,5 g dengan waktu penyinaran UV selama 60 menit. Kondisi pH optimum yang diperoleh untuk sistem fenton/UV adalah pH 3 dengan penurunan kadar fenol sebesar 83,45%. Senyawa fenol dalam limbah cair batik dapat didegradasi menggunakan reagen fenton dengan bantuan sinar UV.DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/jkv.v4i1.7054
Asam Protokatekuat dari Ekstrak Etil Asetatbiji Honje (Etlingera elatior) dan Uji Aktivitas Antioksidannya
Authors: Sukandar Dede , Umedi Ibnu Umarudin , Nurbayti Siti , Rudiana Tarso , Fathoni Ahmad
Published: May 2018

Telah dilakukan penelitian untuk mengetahui struktur senyawa fenolik yang memiliki aktivitas antioksidan dari ekstrak etil asetat biji honje (E. elatior). Isolasi senyawa fenolik dilakukan dengan metode maserasi, fraksinasi dengan kromatografi kolom gravitasi (KKG), dan kromatografi lapis tipis (KLT). Uji aktivitas antioksidan menggunakan metode DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) dan penentuan struktur senyawa menggunakan spektroskopi UV-Vis, FTIR, NMR, dan MS. Isolat yang diperoleh berupa gum kuning sebanyak 18 mg dari 3 kg sampel kering. Hasil uji aktivitas antioksidan menunjukkan isolat dari ekstrak etil asetat memiliki aktivitas yang sangat kuat dengan IC50 1,32 µg/mL. Hasil analisis dengan spektroskopi UV-Vis, FTIR, NMR, dan MS menunjukkan isolat sesuai dengan rumus molekul C7H6O4 yang dikenal dengan asam protokatekuat (asam 3,4-dihidroksi benzoat).DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/jkv.v4i1.7225
Hubungan Kuantitatif Struktur-Aktivitas (HKSA) dan Penambatan Molekul Senyawa Turunan Benzamida sebagai Inhibitor Alosterik Mitogen Enhanced Kinase (MEK)
Authors: Arba Muhammad , Ruslin Ruslin , Nursan Nursan , Maulidiyah Maulidiyah , Tjahjono Daryono Hadi
Published: May 2018

Jalur sinyal protein kinase Ras-Raf-MEK-ERK adalah salah satu target penting dalam penemuan obat antikanker. Senyawa turunan benzamida diketahui berpotensi sebagai inhibitor alosterik Mitogen Enhanced Kinase (MEK). Pada penelitian ini dilakukan studi hubungan kuantitatif stuktur dan aktivitas (HKSA) dan penambatan molekul pada 30 senyawa turunan benzamida sebagai inhibitor alosterik MEK untuk mendapatkan senyawa baru turunan benzamida yang lebih poten sebagai inhibitor alosterik MEK. Perhitungan 13 deskriptor molekul yang mewakili parameter sterik, hidrofobik dan elektronik dilakukan dengan perangkat lunak MOE 2009.10, sedangkan analisis regresi multi linear dengan SPSS 19.0 digunakan untuk mencari hubungan antara variabel bebas (deksriptor molekul) dengan variabel terikat (aktivitas penghambatan senyawa pada MEK). Model HKSA terbaik yang diperoleh adalah pIC50 = 14.229 – 0.00001(AM1_E) + 0.043(ASA_H) + 33.609(Glob) – 0.648(Log S) – 0.047(Vol) dengan kriteria statistik R=0.965; R2=0.931; Fhitung/ Ftabel= 17.693, dan q2 = 0.8897. Desain senyawa baru dilakukan menggunakan model HKSA tervalidasi dan diperoleh 2 senyawa baru turunan benzamida, C1, dan C2, yang memiliki aktivitas lebih baik dari senyawa induk. Studi penambatan molekul menunjukkan bahwa kedua senyawa baru tersebut mampu berinteraksi pada sisi alosterik protein MEK melalui ikatan hidrogen dan ikatan van der Waals dengan residu-residu asam amino krusial protein MEK. Penelitian ini mengindikasikan bahwa kedua senyawa baru yang didesain dapat ditindaklanjuti pada studi penemuan obat yang menargetkan MEK pada sisi alosterik.DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/jkv.v4i1.7454
Masones en el interior argentino: su funcionamiento, sus redes de vinculación y su disidencia religiosa (1907-1924)
Authors: Rodríguez Ana María Teresa
Published: May 2018

En este artículo estudiamos las logias que surgieron en las primeras décadas del siglo XX en el interior argentina, concretamente en el Territorio Nacional de La Pampa, un espacio  incorporado al Estado Nacional Argentino luego de la llamada Conquista al Desierto (1879). Centramos el análisis en la indagación sobre el origen y declinación de cuatro logias: Libertad (General Acha 1907-1910), Estrella de La Pampa (Santa Rosa-1907-1912), Luz de La Pampa (General Pico, 1909-1914), Triángulo Luz de La Pampa (Catriló, 1923-1924), su funcionamiento y las redes de vinculación con otras asociaciones de la sociedad. Asimismo, interpretamos la relación que establecieron con la Iglesia católica en tanto fueron asociaciones que disputaron con el catolicismo sobre el rumbo que debía adquirir el territorio pampeano.
La teosofía en algunos periódicos salvadoreños y centroamericanos durante las décadas de 1930 y 1940
Authors: Mejía Burgos Otto German
Published: May 2018

El presente artículo analiza la etimología del vocablo “teosofía”, entendiendo este, en términos generales, como “sabiduría divina” o palabra mediante la cual se designa el conocimiento básico y común que existe entre las diversas religiones positivas tanto occidentales como orientales. Muestra también como dicho conocimiento se conjugó a su vez con los distintos sistemas filosóficos conocidos y la ciencia convencional para dar como resultado una especie de postura ecléctica la cual se opondría al positivismo lógico predominante. Además, desde la particular óptica del teósofo indio Jinarajadasa, hace un análisis pormenorizado de los principios teosóficos fundamentales los cuales se remontarían desde la más remota antigüedad hasta llegar hasta nuestros días.
Etnoekologi, Biodiversitas Padi dan Modernisasi Budidaya Padi: Studi Kasus Pada Masyarakat Baduy dan Kampung Naga
Authors: Iskandar Johan , Iskandar Budiawati Supangkat
Published: May 2018

Program Revolusi Hijau di Indonesia mulai digulirkan di akhir 1960-an. Program ini telah memberikan dampak positif dan negatif. Dampak positif di antaranya dapat meningkatkan poduktivitas padi sawah secara makro. Sementara itu, dampak ngatifnya diantara telah menyebabkan kepunahan anekaram varietas padi lokal secara masif. Oleh karena itu, kajian tentang kepunahan anekaragam padi lokal di berbagai kawasan perdesaan di Jawa Barat dan Banten sangat penting untuk diteliti. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu mengkaji  pengetahuan masyarakat perdesaan tentang ekologi, terutama  kaitannya dengan pengeloaan keanekaragaman varietas padi lokal dan perubahannya dampak Revolusi Hijau, berlandaskan   dari studi kasus pada masyarakat Baduy, Desa Kanekes, Kabupaten Lebak, Banten Selatan dan masyarakat Kampung Naga, Tasikmalaya, Jawa Barat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metoda kualitatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan etnoekologi, yaitu peneliti mempelajari pengetahuan penduduk perdesaan tentang berbagai aspek ekologi dalam kaitannya dengan pengeloaan padi lokal. Teknik pengumpulan data lapangan dilakukan dengan observasi dan wawancara mendalam terhadap informan yang kompeten yang dipilih secara’ purposive’. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sejatinya para petani ‘huma’ Baduy dan petani sawah Kampung Naga memiliki peran penting dalam mengkonservasi anekaragam varietas padi lokal secara in-situ. Namun, akibat program Revolusi Hijau, beberapa varietas padi lokal sawah penduduk Kampung Naga mengalami kepunahan. Sementara itu, kepunahan anekaragam varietas padi lokal di ‘huma’ Baduy tidak terdokumentasikan. Mengingat penduduk Baduy tidak menerima program Revolusi Hijau. Kepunahan keanekaragam varietas padi lokal dapat disebabkan oleh berbagai faktor, seperti kebijakan pemerintah, perubahan ekosistem, dan akibat perubahan sistem sosial ekonomi dan budaya masyarakat. Penelitian ini dapat memiliki kontribusi penting untuk ilmu pengetahuan dan kepentingan praktis. Berdasarkan kepentingan ilmu pengetahuan yaitu dapat bermanfaat untuk pengembangan ilmu pengetahuan, khususnya dalam bidang etnoekologi dan etnobotani. Sementara itu, untuk kepentingan praktis, diharapkan hasil penelitian ini dapat digunakan untuk dijadikan masukan  bagi berbagai pihak terkait, guna upaya konservasi anekaragam padi di Indonesia.
The state of ophthalmic education in medical schools: a UK perspective
Authors: Sheth Twishaa , Thia Brandon , Wong Nathan
Published: May 2018

This article was migrated. The article was not marked as recommended. There is a growing body of literature suggesting a decline in undergraduate ophthalmic education. Anecdotally and in the literature, ophthalmology is a specialty that many students and doctors feel lacking in knowledge and skills, which may put patient-care at risk.The aim of this review was to investigate (with an emphasis on systematic review of literature, complimented by snapshot-survey of student representatives from U.K. medical schools) the current status of ophthalmology education provided at U.K. medical schools as well as students' perception of their preparedness for future practice, to guide the future of ophthalmic education. A comprehensive literature search was carried out using Embase, Health Management Information Consortium and Ovid MEDLINE. Simultaneously, a survey was sent out to all U.K. medical schools to ascertain the current status of undergraduate ophthalmology education and students' perception on preparedness for future practice.Results showed that though more schools are now providing an ophthalmic education, the length of teaching has eroded. Almost 10% of medical schools reported no formal ophthalmic education. Almost half of the total surveyed felt 'unprepared' or 'very unprepared' for future practice. We recommend the General Medical Council and Medical Schools Council to work together with the Royal College of Ophthalmologists to improve the current situation.
Are Norwegian Librarians ready to share Library Data to improve Learning?
Authors: Hoel Tore , Chen Weiqin , Gregersen Anne-Berit
Published: May 2018

University libraries offer services that generate data about how students and faculty use knowledge sources and engage with teaching and learning. In an era of Big Data there is mounting pressure to use these data, something that challenges the professional ethics of librarians. This paper explores how Norwegian librarians position themselves in relation to the new phenomenon of learning analytics, which would like to process library data to help improve learning and its contexts. A literature review shows that librarians in general are highly sceptical to let any information that is not anonymised out of their hands to be used by other professions. However, library data is increasingly being shared with third parties as part of development of library systems and practices.  In a survey presented in this paper Norwegian librarians were asked about their willingness to take part in analytics and data sharing. The findings show that even if librarians in general do not want to share data that reveals personal information, their resistance will depend on the consent of the students, and to which degree librarians themselves are involved in processing and analysis of the data. This study identifies learning analytics as a field the library community should engage with, and the authors give their advice on what should be focussed to sustain librarians’ professional ethics related to use of library data.
Systematiske litteratursøk til salgs: Ny tjeneste fra biblioteket
Authors: Grønlund Inga Lena , Gundersen Malene Wøhlk , Korvald Tordis , Karlsen Elisabeth , Tangen Anne , Thorvik Camilla , Ødemark Ingjerd Legreid
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe popularity of the review article as a publication type has increased dramatically during the last decades. As the number of single studies published each year has reached staggering heights, the need to summarize or synthesize these has proportionally increased. As one of their core services libraries throughout Norway provides access for their users to as much of the published research as possible. Unfortunately, that is not equivalent to enabling the users to locate relevant research. This is a challenge often requiring a special skill set and expertise in literature searching, both which is often found among specialized librarians. Requests from researchers at OsloMet – Oslo Metropolitan University (formerly Oslo and Akershus University College of Applied Sciences) for assistance from the librarians in performing systematic literature searches was the basis in developing the literature search service described in this article. How a typical request for a literature search is handled, what the product comprises and which aspects that will be prioritized in the future is expounded. Furthermore, the authors describe some of the experiences in launching this service as a service charging the researchers for librarian assistance on an hourly basis. Finally, challenges and unresolved issues are commented on.
Gait analysis using augmented reality markers v1
Authors: Nagymáté Gergely , M Kiss Rita
Published: May 2018

The protocol provides guidelines, preparation and execution instructions to perform and process a gait analysis trial by a novel motion capture method using virtually calibrated anatomical points tracked by augmented reality (AR) markers.
Gender, Sexuality, & (Dis)Ability: Queer Perspectives on the Experiences of Students with Disabilities
Authors: Kimball Ezekiel , Vaccaro Annemarie , Tissi-Gassoway Nina , Bobot S. Denny , Newman Barbara M. , Moore Adam , Troiano Peter F.
Published: May 2018

No abstract available.
"Today I Had an Eye Appointment, and I'm Still Blind": Crip Humor, Storytelling, and Narrative Positioning of the Disabled Self
Authors: Milbrodt Teresa
Published: May 2018

While able-bodied people may perceive the lives of disabled individuals as "tragic," disabled people often do not believe that to be the case. This paper argues that one way this incongruity might be mediated is through the use of humor and storytelling to create a space of understanding and portray disabled people as having independence and agency. The paper analyzes humorous stories told by disabled individuals in a variety of social situations, interacting both with able-bodied and disabled communities. While disabled people are often positioned by society as helpless, spiteful, and/or lacking agency and control, by telling comic stories, individuals can position themselves on their own terms, and subvert dominant ideologies.
Review of Phallacies: Historical Intersections of Disability and Masculinity
Authors: Handley-Cousins Sarah
Published: May 2018

No abstract available.
The clinical spectrum of chronic diarrhoea in children in a tertiary care hospital in Bangalore, India
Authors: Shenoy Bhaskar , Dodderi Sunil Kumar
Published: May 2018

Background: In the developing world, chronic diarrhea is typically associated with serial enteric infections and malnutrition. There are many causes for chronic diarrhea and with better facilities these are being increasingly diagnosed in India. To study the clinical spectrum of chronic diarrhoea in children. in a tertiary care hospital in BangaloreMethods: This was a prospective observational study conducted at the Dept of Pediatrics, Dr.B.R.Ambedkar Medical College , Bangalore from April 2015 to April 2017. All the patients who presented with symptoms suggestive of chronic diarrhoea were enrolled for the study. 50 children fulfilling inclusion criteria were selected for the study.Results: Of 50 cases, 31(62%) showed cow milk protein intolerance (CMPI), 6 (12%) celiac disease, 5(10%) post infectious, 2(4%) glucose galactose intolerance, 1(2%) non-specific, 1(2%) cystic fibrosis, 1(2%) IBD, TB 1(2%) and 2(4%) lympangiectesia. In children below 2 years, cow milk protein intolerance was the most common cause of diarrhea whereas post infectious was the most common cause in 2-6 years age group and celiac disease in above 6 years of age group.Conclusions: Cow milk protein intolerance is the most common etiological factor. The incidence of celiac disease was the second most common cause after CMPI in the present study. The incidence of CMPI as a cause of chronic diarrhoea reduces as the age increases as seen in present study. The high incidence of celiac diseases may be due to referral to our institution by various peripheral hospitals when they could not diagnose after routine investigations.
Study on consumption of fast food among medical students of IGIMS, Patna
Authors: Shree Vijay , Prasad R. R. , Kumar Sanjay , Sinha Setu , Choudhary Sanjay Kumar
Published: May 2018

Background: Fast food culture is a vigorously uprising trend among the youngsters and medical students are no exception to it. Stressful life due to increased study load negatively influences the food choices of medical students. Hence the present study was undertaken with objectives to figure out the prevalence of fast food consumption among medical students, to study the fast food consumption pattern by the medical students and to explore various factors contributing to fast food consumption by the students.Methods: A cross sectional study was done among 120 undergraduate medical students of IGIMS, Patna for a period of 6 months. Data collection was done using pre-tested structured questionnaire and was analysed using SPSS latest version.Results: The study showed that all the respondents consume fast food sometime or the other and the knowledge of fast food was almost universal among the medical students. Most of the students (48.3%) were taking fast food as an alternative to dinner, 32 (26.6%) as evening snack and 26 (21.6%) as an alternative to lunch. Most preferred beverage was carbonated drinks (56.6%) while most preferred fast food was pizza (45%). 75.6% students were taking fast food 1-2 times a week. Reasons for consumption of fast food were mainly- eating in company (58.3%) and taste factor (55%).Conclusions: Despite of a majority (88.3%) being aware of the fact that consuming fast food leads to many diseases and disability, all the subjects continue to consume fast food, mostly due to reasons of taste, company and to avoid wastage of time.