bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Out of the lockdown: democratic trust in the management of epidemic crises
Authors: Frega Roberto
Published: April 2020

This paper presents a preliminary inquiry into the democratic role of trust in the management of epidemic crises, by shedding some light on one dimension political theory has systematically neglected, which is trust of elites in citizens. The paper proceeds as follows. After an introduction, the first section distinguishes two dimensions of political trust. I then proceed to explain why elites’ trust in citizens is as important as citizens’ trust in elites for the democratic quality of a regime. The following section discusses in further details the democratic implications of elites’ trust in citizens. The fourth and last section introduces the idea of democratic experiments as opportunities to reinforce elites’ trust in citizens.
The History of Adversity and Collective Strength of Individuals of Mexican Ancestry in the United States: A Scoping Literature Review and Emerging Conceptual Framework
Authors: Hershey Araceli Orozco
Published: April 2020

Recently, Black, Indigenous, and other People of Color (BIPOC) have encountered an escalation in adverse social conditions and traumatic events in the United States. For individuals of Mexican ancestry in the United States (IMA-US), these recent events represent the latest chapter in their history of adversity: a history that can help us understand their social and health disparities. This paper utilized a scoping review to provide a historical and interdisciplinary perspective on discussions of mental health and substance use disorders relevant to IMA-US. The scoping review process yielded 16 peer-reviewed sources from various disciplines, published from 1998 through 2018. Major themes included historically traumatic events, inter-generational responses to historical trauma, and vehicles of transmission of trauma narratives. Recommendations for healing from historical and contemporary oppression are discussed. This review expands the clinical baseline knowledge relevant to the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of contemporary traumatic exposures for IMA-US.
ANALISA SENTIMENT PADA ULASAN FILM DENGAN OPTIMASI ENSEMBLE LEARNING
Authors: Andreyestha Andreyestha , Subekti Agus
Published: April 2020

Dalam dunia hiburan khususnya film, kini situs web ulasan film menjadi media bagi orang-orang untuk memberikan penilaian mengenai seberapa bagus film tersebut. Mereka tidak harus menjadi pakar dalam dunia perfilman untuk menilai kualitas dari film yang mereka saksikan, semua orang dapat memberikan penilaian. Sentimen yang ditemukan dalam komentar, umpan balik atau kritik memberikan indikator yang berguna untuk berbagai tujuan dan dapat dikategorikan berdasarkan polaritas, polaritas tersebut cenderung akan dicari tahu apakah secara keseluruhan positif atau negatif. Algoritma Naïve Bayes  dan Random Forest merupakan algoritma yang dapat memberikan hasil analisa klasifikasi sesuai yang diharapkan pada penelitian ini, analisa akan dilakukan dengan membandingkan beberapa kombinasi algoritma untuk diuji pada Polarity Dataset 2.0 dari Cornell University, diantaranya  yaitu Algoritma tersebut akan dikombinasikan dengan seleksi fitur Chi Square, Adaboost, dan Voting. Dari hasil pengujian yang didapat algoritma AdaBosst dan Voting mampu meningkatkan akurasi dari metode Naïve Bayes (NB) and Random Forest (RF). Model yang diusulkan dengan Chi Square + Voting 2 (RF + SVM) memiliki nilai akurai 84,6%, dan model ini memiliki nilai akurasi yang lebih tinggi.
Aplikasi Pembelajaran Huruf Hangeul Berbasis Android
Authors: Hikmah Agung Baitul , Apriyani Yanti , Purwandhani Shelin Ayuni
Published: April 2020

ABSTRAKMasuknya Budaya Korea Selatan ke Indonesia, ketertarikan terhadap budaya Korea Selatan membuat masyarakat Indonesia ingin mempelajari segala sesuatu tentang Korea Selatan, seperti mempelajari bahasanya, bahasa Korea sendiri memiliki huruf yang berbeda dengan huruf yang kita gunakan, huruf yang digunakan dalam bahasa Korea Selatan adalah huruf Hangeul. Dengan adanya perbedaan huruf ini membuat kesulitan dalam  mempelajari bahasanya, karena sebelum mempelajari bahasanya kita harus mengetahui terlebih dahulu huruf dan cara membacanya. Tujuan dari penulisan tugas akhir ini adalah perancangan dan pengembangan aplikasi pembelajaran huruf Hangeul berbasis Android dengan menggunakan bahasa pemrograman C# (C Sharp). Metode pengembangan perangkat lunak yang digunakan yaitu metode waterfall. Dengan kecanggihan teknologi komunikasi yang mana hasil dari penelitian ini mampu membuat perubahan dan menghasilkan inovasi, aplikasi pembelajaran huruf Hangeul berbasis Android ini menjadi solusi yang dapat memperbaiki kesulitan yang ada untuk mereka yang ingin belajar huruf Hangeul agar efisien dalam penggunaannya dan tidak menghabiskan banyak waktu dalam mempelajarinya.Kata Kunci : Huruf Hangeul, Aplikasi, Android, Korea Selatan AbstractsThe entry of South Korean Culture into Indonesia, the interest in South Korean culture makes Indonesian people want to learn everything about South Korea, such as learning the language, Korean itself has letters that are different from the letters we use, the letters used in South Korean are Hangeul letters. This difference in letters makes it difficult to learn the language, because before learning the language we must know the letters first and how to read them. The purpose of writing this final task  was the design and development of Android-based Hangeul letter learning applications using the C # (C Sharp) programming language. The software development method used was the waterfall method. With the sophistication of communication technology where the results of this research were able to make changes and produce innovation, this Android-based Hangeul letter learning application was  solution that could  improve the existing difficulties for those who wanted  to learn Hangeul letters to be efficient in their use and did not to spend much time in learning them. Keywords: Hangeul, Application, Android, South Korea
Implementasi Vigenere Cipher Sebagai Pengaman Pada Proses Deskripsi Steganografi Least Significant Bit
Authors: Alawiyah Tuti , Ardianto Rian , Purnia Dini Silvi
Published: April 2020

Kemajuan teknologi diiringi dengan meningkatnya ancaman terhadap keamanan serta kerahasiaan pesan/informasi. Salah satu cara untuk menjaga keamanan dan kerahasiaan pesan/informasi dapat menggunakan teknik steganografi. Steganografi adalah teknik untuk menyembunyikan  pesan/informasi pada  sebuah media,  bisa berupa media  gambar,  suara  ataupun  video, sehingga pesan yang disembunyikan sulit dikenali oleh indera manusia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat aplikasi steganografi dengan metode least significant bit serta implementasi vigenere cipher untuk meningkatkan keamanan pesan/informasi. Informasi/pesan akan disisipkan pada satu bit paling kanan ke pixel file objek tanpa merubah medianya. Penelitian ini menghasilkan aplikasi  yang dapat menyembunyikan informasi/pesan pada media gambar. Untuk meningkatkan sistem pengamanannya, proses deskripsi disertai dengan metode vigenere cipher jika pesan/informasi diakses oleh orang yang tidak berhak atas informasi/pesan tersebut.
Deteksi Komentar Cyberbullying Pada Media Sosial Berbahasa Inggris Menggunakan Naïve Bayes Classification
Authors: Pardede Jasman
Published: April 2020

Pesatnya perkembangan teknologi dan media sosial dapat memudahkan pengguna untuk menyampaikan informasi. Selain itu, media sosial juga memberikan dampak negatif dengan cara memposting tulisan kejam atau berkomentar semena-mena tanpa memikirkan akibat pada orang lain. Hal inilah yang menjadikan salah satu terjadinya tindak kekerasan dalam dunia maya (Cyberbullying). Tahapan awal yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini adalah pengolahan bahasa atau yang disebut dengan text preprocessing meliputi tokenizing,casefolding, stopword removal dan stemming. Kemudian feature selection yaitu mengubah dokument teks menjadi matriks dengan tujuan untuk mendapatkan fitur pada setiap kata untuk dijadikan parameter atau kriteria klasifikasi. Untuk pengambilan keputusan apakah komentar mengandung makna bully atau nonbully menggunakan algoritma Naïve Bayes Classification dengan model multinomial naïve bayes. Perhitungan yang dilakukan adalah menghitung nilai probabilitas setiap kata yang muncul berdasarkan classdan nilai perkalian class conditional probability. Berdasarkan hasil eksperimen menggunakan dataset “cyberbullying comments” yang diambil dari Kaggle  akurasi yang didapat sebesar 80%, precission 81% dan recall 80%.
SISTEM PAKAR DETEKSI PENYAKIT REFRAKSI MATA DENGAN METODE TEOREMA BAYES BERBASIS WEB
Authors: Rachman Rizal
Published: April 2020

Masalah gangguan penglihatan di Indonesia, sebagian besar disebabkan oleh kurangnya pengetahuan mengenai penyakit mata dan sering menganggap enteng kasus penyakit mata, khususnya refraksi. Gangguan penglihatan di Indonesia khususnya Jawa Barat telah menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat, oleh sebab itu, perlu upaya penanggulangan yang terpadu dengan pelibatan semua sektor termasuk profesi di dalamnya, sehingga di masa mendatang tidak lagi menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat. Saat ini,sekitar 314 juta orang di dunia mengalami penglihatan lemah dan 45 juta diantaranya merupakan kasus kebutaan. terlambatnya kesadaran penderita, dan mahalnya biaya untuk konsultasi membuat para penderita enggan untuk ke dokter spesialis. Sistem pakar deteksi penyakit refraksi mata ini diharapkan dapat memberikan pengetahuan mengenai diagnosa penyakit refraksi mata pada penderita, memberikan sarana berupa media konsultasi mengenai penyakit pada refraksi mata serta meminimalisir biaya konsultasi ke dokter ahli. Sistem pakar merupakan bagian dari kecerdasan buatan yang meniru penalaran manusia.    Pemanfaatan teknologi memudahkan manusia untuk mengakses informasi tanpa terbatas ruang dan waktu. Metode Teorema Bayes adalah metode yang menerapkan aturan yang dihubungkan dengan nilai probabilitas atau kemungkinan untuk menghasilkan suatu keputusan dan informasi yang tepat berdasarkan penyebab yang terjadi.  Hasil dari penelitian ini yaitu aplikasi sistem pakar yang dapat memberikan pengetahuan mengenai diagnosa penyakit refraksi mata, menjadi media untuk berkonsultasi mengenai penyakit bagi penderita.
ЩОДО ВЕРИФІКАЦІЇ ЕКОНОМІЧНОЇ МОДЕЛІ ТАРИФУ НА РОЗПОДІЛ ГАЗУ ПРИНЦИПАМ СТИМУЛЮВАННЯ
Authors: Столяр О. О.
Published: April 2020

The purpose of this study is to determine the conformity (verification) of the current model of tariff formation for gas distribution service of gas companies to the principle of incentive regulation based on the selection of model elements and their comparison with the world successful experience. The method of verification based on the selection of model elements, the determination of the advantages and disadvantages of such a model, and the comparison of the latter, introduced at domestic gas companies on natural gas distribution, with the world's successful experience in regulating this issue. It is presented that this model does not fully comply with the principles based on long-term incentive regulation, which show its effectiveness in the world, which will be continued in the following studies.
Study into the tourist attractiveness of Lubuskie Province municipalities using the aggregate measure
Authors: Szczuciński P.
Published: April 2020

Object: A special feature of contemporary economy is that processes occurring within it are characterised by growing dynamics and spatial diversification. One of the important phenomena in the development of each region or municipality is the tourist traffic taking place in their territory. Benefits associated with it include: improvement of living standards, increase in demand and income, reduced unemployment rate, development of infrastructure, sustenance of local crafts. Tourism is thus becoming an important way to revive the regional and local economy.Methods: In this paper, the Lubuskie Province was subjected to statistical research in this respect.Findings: A general characteristic of tourism development in the region was prepared and an attempt was made to assess the tourist attractiveness of municipalities using an aggregate measure with the median value.Conclusions: The ranking of municipalities obtained on the basis of this measure was compared with the rankings obtained for other commonly used aggregate measures. The study accounts for data obtained from various sources for the year 2018.
Improving the scientific support for strategic planning in the Republic of Kazakhstan
Authors: Zhashkenova R.B. , Nakipova G.N. , Denisov I.V. , Omarova A.T. , Legostayeva A.A.
Published: April 2020

Object: The article discusses the features of scientific support for strategic planning in the Republic of Kazakhstan, which are necessary conditions for solving problems in the field of building the digital economy of Kazakhstan. Strategic planning in all hierarchical structures of government, both at the national and territorial, sectoral levels, in the activities of absolute common companies and business organizations. In accordance with strategic planning, all the coordinates of the entire state planning system.Methods: Authors and analytical materials based on educational, scientific, technical and innovative processes that lead to Kazakhstan. Based on the construction of regression models, it was found that the number of organizations engaged in research and development, and the volume of government spending on higher and postgraduate education affect the volume of internal research and development costs.Findings: It is recommended to improve scientific support for the realization of educational government program.Conclusions: In the process of the study, conclusions were drawn and recommendations were given, a way to provide assistance in providing a more advanced system of scientific support for strategic planning, necessary for solving urgent economic and social problems of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
Social infrastructure management in villages of the Republic of Kazakhstan
Authors: Kоssymbayeva Sh.I. , Bencheva N.A. , Alpeisova Sh.E. , Bulhairova Zh.S.
Published: April 2020

Object: research of social infrastructure of villages of the Republic of Kazakhstan.Methods: content analysis, systematization of data, comparative and logical analysis, generalization, statistical analysis, an empirical study using a survey method, economic and statistical groupings, comparative methods, methods of expert assessments, analogies, mathematical statistics, economic and mathematical, etc.Finding: this article discusses the social infrastructure of the village as a form of management. The concept of managing the social sphere of the village is studied theoretically and the results are summarized. The article defines the features of managing the social infrastructure of rural regions. Comments of scientists from different countries of the world on the social sphere of the village are given. New principles of social policy of Kazakhstan are considered, which include the following: the state undertakes to guarantee citizens a minimum social standard; social policy is to solve problems of social imbalances in the development of regions. A summary of the system of regional standards for settlements of the Republic of Kazakhstan is given.Conclusion: the article identifies the main problems that hinder the sustainable development of the social infrastructure of the village, and suggests ways to improve it.
Internal audit of banks: methodological model for reducing credit risk (Logit model)
Authors: Lambekova A.N. , Temirbekova L.A. , Syzdykova E.Zh.
Published: April 2020

Object: The purpose of the research work is to justify the application of a model that allows assessing the probability of a borrower's default and to propose including in the work plan and internal audit program an assessment of the probability of a borrower's default to reduce credit risk.Methods: The article uses quantitative data, statistical model (Logit model).Findings: As a result, during the audit of the banks' debt portfolio, the Logit model was used to assess the probability of a borrower's default. The ROC curve of this Logit model allows you to predict the default situation of the borrower for risk management purposes. Therefore, it is proposed to include an assessment of the probability of default of the borrower based on the model in the work plan and internal audit program. In conclusion, a risk-based internal audit system will help ensure the financial stability.Conclusions: In conclusion, a risk-based internal audit system will help ensure the financial stability. Since we evaluated the debt portfolio and found that the Logit model, which was used to predict the probability of default of borrowers, can prevent risks. This is evidenced by the ROC curve of the Logit model for predicting the probability of default.
Implementation of a compatibility assessment of the engagement system and the employee motivational profile in company human resources management
Authors: Pritvorova T.P. , Tasbulatova B.K. , Slinkova O.K.
Published: April 2020

Object: The object of this study is to develop and test a method for assessing the conformity of a system of an employee’s engagement in a company and his motivation profile.Methods: We have applied methods of sociological survey of company staff and subsequently, performed graphical and statistical analysis of the achieved results (an index method). We also used the matrix method for assessing the identified risks of employee dissatisfaction.Findings: The results of the study confirm the effectiveness of the index method we propose. It allows conducting regular screening among company staff to identify risk factors for the formation of the employee’s “dissatisfaction,” which in the future may get him fired or burn out. This shall allow diagnosing the issue of discrepancies between motivation of the subject and measures for engagement used by the employer. In addition to the index, the authors have developed a risk assessment matrix based on a combination of significance of the factor (and its sub-factors) for the employee and probability (possibility) of the employee's influence on this sub-factor.Conclusions: The application of the proposed two-stage assessment method shall allow the personnel department totimely diagnose the issue of inconsistencies in the motivational profile and the applied engagement measures for eachemployee and develop proposals for improving it.
Structure and dynamics of spin label side chains in KvAP voltage-sensor domain: an all-atom MD simulation study
Authors: Pornthep Sompornpisut  , Le Nguyen Ngoc Lan
Published: April 2020

Site-directed spin labeling (SDSL) combined with continuous-wave electron paramagnetic resonance (CW-EPR) spectroscopy has become a useful approach to investigate the structural and dynamical properties of biomolecules, especially membrane protein. In this method, spin label side chains due to their motion highly depending on the local environment were employed as external molecules to probe the structure and dynamics of the membrane protein. The close relationships between the dynamics of the spin label side chain and protein structure have been studied for T4 lysozyme. Besides, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were widely applied as a powerful tool to study the microscopic behavior of the proteins, completing experimental approaches. Here, we presented an all-atom MD simulation study of the nitroxide spin label (MTSSL) in the X-ray structure of a potassium channel voltage-sensor domain (VSD) from Aeropyrum Pernix (KvAP).
CRITERIA FOR ACCEPTING SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS NEGOTIATION TOOLS IN THE SOFTWARE INDUSTRY
Authors: Abdullahi Shamsu , Abubakar Zakari  , Amina Nura  , Abdulfatah Samaila Mashasha  , Haruna Abdu  , Salisu Suleiman
Published: April 2020

Requirements negotiation is a centralized process of making a decision in order to resolve conflicts in the requirements of the stakeholder. The negotiation will enable the shared vision of software to be developed among the heterogeneous stakeholder in the software industry to be achieved. Many process models used for the negotiation of stakeholder’s requirements have been proposed for the software industry by the research community, yet the acceptance of these process models is discouraging. This study tends to investigate the inadequate adoption of requirements negotiation process models. Further, it finds the acceptance criteria for the software industry to adopt requirements negotiation models. Finding shows that the software industries do not adopt the process models. The perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use and many more criteria have been identified through the literature review on the general criteria of software systems acceptance.
Topos "locus amoenus" w łacińskiej poezji chrześcijańskiego antyku
Authors: Gacia Tadeusz
Published: April 2020

This paper deals with the topos of locus amoenus in Latin poetry of Christian antiquity. Descriptions of idealized landscape can be found in whole literary tradition from Homer on. In Latin epic poetry Virgil used this device to describe Elysium, which Aeneas enters in the Aeneid. In Virgil’s eclogues locus amoenus is a place of refuge for shepherds from calamities of fate and an alien world. For the farmer in his Georgics it is a reward for honest agricultural work. For Horace it was an escape from the noise of the city. For Christian poets, Prudentius in Cathemerinon, Sedulius in Carmen paschale, Avitus of Vienne, Dracontius, Venantius Fortunatus and other, locus amoenus becomes the biblical paradise in the eschatological sense, or morę generally, salvation. Use of the topos of locus amoenus shows the cultural continuity of antiquity. In Christian poetry this theme is filled with a new content, but the process of thinking and artistic creation remains they share with classical authors.
Tajemnica Krzyża Chrystusa w Listach św. Hieronima
Authors: Gburek Andrzej
Published: April 2020

W opracowaniu
Śmierć Bernarda z Clairvaux w świetle "Vita Prima"
Authors: Groń Ryszard Stefan
Published: April 2020

W opracowaniu
Powołanie człowieka do szczęścia w nauczaniu Grzegorza Wielkiego
Authors: Kashchuk Oleksandr
Published: April 2020

W opracowaniu
Focjusz a kuchnia grecka, czyli kilka słów o abyrtake (abyptakh)
Authors: Kokoszko Maciej , Gibel Katarzyna
Published: April 2020

The present commentary is aimed at elucidating the terms made use of by Photius, the Patriarch of Constantinople, in the entry abyrtake included in his Lexicon. The authors of the study maintain that abyrtake was a sauce of Medic (i.e. Persian) origin, which might have been known to the Greeks even before the VIth century but eventually beeame popular in the IVth, BC. It was a luxury dish eonsisting of vinegar, eress, garlic, mustard, raisins and salted capers.
Konstantynopol w "Kronice" Marcellina Komesa
Authors: Leszka Mirosław J.
Published: April 2020

Marcellinus’ Chronicie certainly belongs to the canon if its literary genre and as such it has been analyzed by scholars. It seems though, that it can also be looked at as a record of some observations of the life of a metropolis, done by its long-standing inhabitant. The inventory of issues picked-up by Marcellinus is not accidental and does not only serve a more or (mostly) less detailed description of the history of the Empire, but also reflects, at least to some extent, the Constantinopolitan microcosm. The chronicler reveals the problems that might be interesting to an inhabitant of the City, which were important to him and which he had to cope with. A Constantinopolitan of the lst half of 6th century was someone who had to live in the times of unrest. He was a witness to freąuent riots and disturbances, either by ordinary hooligans, members of circus factions, or those arising from the resistance against unpopular rulers (e.g. Anastasios), which sometimes led to usurpation attempts. He observed both cruel struggles and cruel repressions following them. It seems that Marcellinus respected Constantinople and was aware of living in an unusual place. His relations with the City may have been strong and emotional, which can be proved by the content of the Chronicie, fuli of Constantinopolitan threads, as well as by the fact that he dedicated part of his lost work Description of the City of Constantinople and of Jerusalem to it.
Judeochrześcijanie w "Dialogu z Żydem Tryfonem" Justyna Męczennika
Authors: Misiarczyk Leszek
Published: April 2020

L’articolo presenta la descrizione dei giudeocristiani nel Dialogo eon Trifone di Giustino Martire. Come sappiamo, gli studi sul giudeocristianesimo condotti fino ad oggi hanno proposto 4 principali definizioni di ąuesto fenomeno: secondo la prima definizione genetico-etnica i giudeocristiani sarebbero da identificare eon i Giudei converititisi al cristianesimo; poi gli altri hanno proposto la definizione basata sul criterio dell’osservanza dove i giudeicristiani sarebbero tutti coloro che osservano le prescrizioni delle Legge di Mose pur essendo diventati cristiani; la terza definizione fa riferimento al sistema dottrinale, spesso eterodosso ed identificato eon gli Ebioniti e la quarta definizione proposta da J. Danielou definisce il giudeocristinesimo come una specifica forma mentis giudaica nella teologia cristiana antica. Nel 1998 S. Mimouni nel suo studio ha proposto una nuova definizione che, secondo lui, deve essere verificata in modo positive dalia maggiorana delle foni antiche e anche abbracciare i diversi criteri insieme come etnico, dottrinale e di osservanza. Analizando i testi dei Padri ha concluso che i giudeocristiani sono tutti coloro che etnicamente sono Giudei (tutti Padri), osservano la Legge di Mose (Epifanio, Girolamo) acccettano Gesu come il Messia e Figlio di Dio (Eusebio, Epifanio, Girolamo). Applicando questa definiznione al Dialogo di Giustino vediamo che i giudeocristiani per lui sono Giudei che hanno creduto nella messianicita di Gesu e continuano ad osservare alcune prescrizioni della Legge mosaica. L’Apologeta accetta la possibilita della salvezza etema per loro a condizione che non obblighino a questa osservana cosidetti etnocristiani. Per quanto riquarda l’elemento dottrinale distingue tra giudeocristiani ortodossi, come quelli che credeono in Gesu Messia e Figlio di Dio e eterodossi, cioe quelli che rifiutano la sua divinita pur credendo nella sua messianicita intesa pero in senso puramente umano.
Feniks w gnostyckim traktacie "O początku świata" (NHC II, 5; p. 121, 27 - 123, 2)
Authors: Myszor Wincenty
Published: April 2020

Ein allegorische Exkurs p. 121,27-123,2 im gnostischen, titellosen Schrift Vom Ursprung der Welt gehórt zu den religionsgeschichtlichen Aussagen und Besonderheiten dieses Traktats. Die Anspielung an der trichotomische Anthropologie kónnte ein Zeugnis der valentinianischen Gnosis sein, aber scheint es viel mehr an der Motiv des Phónix liegen; die Erneuerung aus der Asche in drei Stadien. Auch „Paradies Gottes” ist es ein Stiick des Mythos vom Phónix, wie auch der Bezug zu Agypten. Phónix ais Symbol des Christus bleibt im Zusammenhang mit Ps 21,7 so fur das Tod wie auch fur die Auferstehung Christi. Das Feuer, ais Mittel der Erneuerung (die gnostische Sakrament der Salbung?) scheint es polemisch gegen das Wasser (die Taufe) dargestellt. Zur polnischen Ubersetzung des Abschnitt werden die Bemer- kungen ais Kommentar beigegeben.
The Determination of Concentration and Type of Ownership on Bank Performance and Risks in Indonesia
Authors: Sijabat Yacobo P , Sinabutar Michael Jeffri , Hirawati Heni , Giovanni Axel
Published: April 2020

This research aims to examine the determination of concentration and type of ownership on the performance and risks of banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the period 2000-2018. This research was quantitative research using panel data regression analysis methods. The main characteristic of panel data regression analysis is the use of the Hausman test. Data were obtained and collaborated from several data providers such as Osiris, Bloomberg, and the Financial Services Authority (Otoritas Jasa Keuangan or OJK) website. Secondary data were collected from 42 banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) using a purposive sampling technique. The data was processed using Stata software. The ownership concentration was measured using the Herfindahl-Hirschman Index (HHI) and foreign and domestic ownership as the proxy using the dummy variable. To measure bank performance, this research was used ROA and ROE proxy while the standard deviation of returns was used to measure bank risks. The results of the research showed that there was no effect of ownership concentration on bank performance. Also, domestic ownership has a positive effect on bank performance. In terms of risks, ownership concentration has a positive effect on bank risks. The more concentrated the ownership of the bank, the bank will more at risks. Besides, foreign and domestic ownership affects bank risks. Foreign ownership has a positive effect on bank risks. The level of foreign ownership of the bank affects bank risks. High foreign ownership puts the bank at risk.
ASSESSMENT OF ANTHROPOGENIC INVASION OF MICROFUNGI IN ARCTIC ECOSYSTEMS (EXEMPLIFIED BY SPITSBERGEN ARCHIPELAGO)
Authors: Kirtsideli Irina Yu. , Vlasov D. Yu. , Zelenskaya M. S. , Iliushin V. A. , Novozhilov Yu. K. , Churkina I. V. , Barantsevich E. P.
Published: April 2020

Introduction. The aim of this work was to study the mycobiota of anthropogenic materials, soil and air in the settlement Barentsburg (Spitsbergen archipelago), to assess the spread of invasive species and to identify potentially pathogenic microfungi. Material and methods. The material for the study was collected in the period of research work of the Russian expedition of the AARI (2017-2018) in the area of the settlement Barentsburg (located at 78° N, 14° E). Isolation and identification of microfungi were carried out using standard microbiological methods according to cultural and morphological characteristics and sequencing in the ITS1 and ITS2 regions. Results. As a result of the research, a high level of microbiological colonization of anthropogenic substrates has been established, the places of accumulation of potentially pathogenic microorganisms were found out. 24 species of microfungi were identified from anthropogenic materials, 46 and 43 species from aeromycota and the soils of the observed territory. The genus Penicillium (12 species) prevailed by the number of species, followed by Cladosporium, Aspergillus, Cadophora (3 species each). For disturbed ecosystems the following peculiarities have been established: 1) a change in the structure of microfungi complexes and increase in the CFU number of microfungi at aeromycota and soil, 2) aeromycota formation occurs partly due to introduced species, 3) a clear dominance of dark-colored fungi on anthropogenic materials, 4) among the introduced microfungi a significant proportion were destructors of the materials as well as potentially human pathogens; 5) introduced species are able to adapt to arctic conditions. Conclusion. On the example of the village of Barentsburg (arch. Svalbard) it is shown that anthropogenic impact leads to changes in the main characteristics of microscopic fungi complexes in the Arctic territories.
HYGIENIC EVALUATION OF ILLUMINATION INDICES AND NON-IONIZING RADIATION AT EDUCATIONAL SITES OF HIGH SCHOOLS
Authors: Gorbatkova Elena Yu. , Zulkarnaev T. R. , Khusnutdinova Z. A. , Ahmadullin U. Z. , Kazak A. A. , Akhmadullina Kh. M. , Manuilova G. R.
Published: April 2020

One of the significant factors affecting the condition of the students’ visual apparatus is an illumination level in the premises of educational organizations. Electromagnetic radiation arising from computers also has an essential influence on a state of health. Taking into account the urgency of this problem, an analysis of illumination indices and EM radiation was made in audiences of higher educational institutions of various profiles (Ufa, the Republic of Bashkortostan). The total number of illumination measurements was 3528. The measurement methods met the requirements of the interstate standard. According to the results of the illumination indices estimation in the studied universities, a significant deviation from the regulated norms was revealed: in 71.5% of the measurements the index was below the norm. It should be noted that indices differed significantly depending on the type of educational organization. The best situation is in the “Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation,” where only 13.3% of the measurements are inconsistent with the normative indices. Pulsation coefficient also was determined. It turned out that 88.8% of the measurements do not correspond to the norm. The analysis of illumination measurements in computer classes was carried out. Only one-fifth of them in the computer table working area in the of the document placement corresponded to SanPin. An anonymous questionnaire was also organized for students from four leading universities in Ufa, the Republic of Bashkortostan. According to respondents’ answers, out of seven students, one was revealed to be suffering from myopia. On the basis of “Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology in the Republic of Bashkortostan”, a study of non-ionizing radiation from video terminals located in computer classes was made. 1145 measurements were made in 20 buildings of four universities studied. It was found out that the intensity of the electrostatic field did not meet the requirements of SanPiN in 5.7% of the measurements. Hygienic assessment of the environment of educational organizations of various profiles revealed a number of significant deviations from the regulated norms. The obtained results testify to the need to monitor the illumination and EMR indices both from the administration of higher education institutions and from teachers. Based on the results of the study, recommendations were prepared for the management of higher educational institutions in Ufa.
EDUCATIONAL PROCESS AND HEALTH OF MEDICAL UNIVERSITY TEACHERS
Authors: Smagulov Nurlan K. , Evnevich A. M. , Adilbekova A. A. , Gitenis N. V.
Published: April 2020

Introduction. University pedagogical activity and unfavorable factors typical for the educational process have a negative impact on the health and contribute to the morbidity of teachers Objective. To evaluate the influence of occupational activity on the resistance of the body of medical school teachers. Material and Methods. Objects of study: teachers of Karaganda Medical University of three age categories (up to 30 years, 30-49 years and 50 years or more). An analysis of the incidence was carried out on sheets of temporary disability. The sociological survey was conducted on the questionnaires to assess the preventive, medical activity and self-assessment of the teachers’ own health. Statistical processing was made with the use of Statistica 8.0. Results. The incidence rate of university professors with temporary disability due to underestimated cases of diseases was revealed to be hidden (latent) in nature. A questionnaire survey revealed that 66.6% ÷ 85.0% of respondents had health problems. Only half of the respondents (55.6 ÷ 45.7%) rated their state of health as good, but this rating decreased with age (21.9%). According to nosology, in the structure of diseases among teachers of medical schools in the second and third age groups (30-49 years and 50 years and more), diseases of the cardiovascular system (52.6% and 61.9%, respectively), the musculoskeletal system (55.3% and 47.6%), the digestive system (36.4% ÷ 42.9%). The main reasons for the low level of health and the high incidence of medical teachers were: insufficient physical activity, poor nutrition, insufficient attention to their own health, failure to comply with treatment-and-prophylactic recommendations, self-treatment. Conclusion. An assessment of the resistance of an organism of university teachers in terms of incidence rates with a temporary disability, based on disability records, cannot be a reliable criterion. Using sociological methods of a questionnaire survey allows getting reliable information about the true incidence rates, identifying the causes of their growth, and can also be a related tool in the development of medical and preventive measures aimed at preserving the health of university teachers.
CHARACTERISTICS OF INDICES OF PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT OF STUDENTS OF UNIVERSITIES OF THE CITY OF UFA
Authors: Akhmadullin U. Z. , Gorbatkova E. Yu. , Akhmadullina Khamida M.
Published: April 2020

The change in living conditions and the intensity of the educational process affect the health of students, so it is required that the standards and standards of physical development should be regularly updated. 2439 students including 1107 boys and 1432 girls from four Universities of Ufa were involved in the survey. It is provided a representative sample of the volume using the correlation method and it is allowed developing table-standards for assessing the physical development of students. The correlation dependence of the average degree between body length and body weight was established (the value of the correlation coefficient varies from 0.32 to 0.59 among boys and from 0.3 to 0.51 among girls). The correlation mainly averages between height and chest circumference among boys aged 18 years (r =0.52), 20 years (r =0.45); and among girls - at the age of 17 (r =0.32), 22 (r =0.32). Out of the total number of tested cases, average physical development of male students was 68.45% and 68.82% in female students; 13.33% of male students and 13.13% of female students showed this index below average; 14.85% of male students and 13.29% of female students had this index above average; low physical development was observed in 1.85% of male students and 3.3% of female students; high physical development could be found among 1.52% of male students and 1.46% of female students. Analysis of the body mass index of the tested students indicates 76.0% of boys and 68.84% of girls to be characterized as having a physiologically normal state, excess body weight is observed in 10.5% of boys and 4.82% of girls (p<0.05). Regional approaches to the study of physical development are justified from the standpoint of expanding the all-Russian system of monitoring the state of physical development of students, planning recreational activities in the activities of higher education institutions, regional and municipal health systems and education; individualization of the process of physical education; construction of state programs in the field of youth political and sports.
THE STUDY OF LYCOPENE CONTENT IN THE DIET BY VARIOUS ASSESSMENT METHODS
Authors: Kirpichenkova Ekaterina V. , Korolev A. A. , Nikitenko E. I. , Denisova E. L. , Fetisov R. N. , Petrova E. S. , Fanda E. A.
Published: April 2020

Introduction. Lycopene is a non-vitamin carotenoid possessing antioxidant, anti-carcinogenic, immunomodulatory, cardioprotective, antiatherogenic, radio-and photoprotective properties. Lycopene not being synthesized in humans, it intakes from food sources, mainly tomatoes and tomato-containing products. The aim of this study is to assess the level of intake of lycopene and its main food sources in the diet of young people and compare the effectiveness of the 24-hours diet recall and food-frequency questionnaire method. Material and methods. The specialized questionnaires contained the main and additional food sources of lycopene. The survey included 106 students. There were formed 6 consumption groups according to the levels of lycopene intake. Results. According to the 24-hour diet recall and food-frequency questionnaires the largest share in the sample belongs to groups with high levels of lycopene intake. Tomatoes and ketchup are priority sources in these groups. The food-frequency questionnaire method allowed estimating the food sources present more often than others in the diet of the respondents. These included raw tomatoes, ketchup, and tomato-containing fast food products (with different frequencies for individual types of products). There were no additional sources of lycopene in the diet of the majority of respondents. Conclusions. The results obtained using these methods do not contradict each other. The complex using of the methods allows obtaining data on the levels of lycopene intake and its food sources present in the diet. The levels of lycopene intake and its priority sources were quantified using the 24-hour recall. The data of the food-frequency questionnaire method determine all sources of lycopene present in the diet.
CHANGES OF MYOCARDIUM CONTRACTILITY ASSOCIATED WITH A SUBCHRONIC LEAD INTOXICATION IN RATS
Authors: Klinova Svetlana V. , Protsenko Y. L. , Lookin O. N. , Balakin A. A. , Nikitina L. V. , Gerzen O. P. , Nabiev S. R. , Minigalieva I. A. , Privalova L. I. , Sutunkova M. P.
Published: April 2020

Introduction. There is a high chance of a link between cardiovascular conditions and occupational or environmental exposure to lead. Taking into account the peculiarities of lead intoxication and the metal common occurrence it appeared to necessarily prove further experimental research of lead cardiotoxicity. Material and methods. After repeated intraperitoneal administration of sublethal doses of lead acetate to outbred male rats 3 times a week for 5 weeks, there was obtained the moderately pronounced subchronic lead intoxication manifested by some characteristic features. Cardiotoxic effects on myocardial contractility were studied by the analysis of the mechanical activity of isolated preparations of right ventricular trabeculae and papillary muscles contracting in isotonic and physiological modes of loading. Myocardial contractile function was also studied at the molecular level by measuring the sliding velocity of reconstructed thin filaments over myosin. Results. In papillary muscles lead intoxication led to a decrease in the maximal rate of isotonic shortening for all afterloads and a decrease in the thin filament sliding velocity in the in vitro motility assay. The same type of muscle from lead-exposed rats displayed marked changes in most of the main characteristics of afterload contraction-relaxation cycles, but in trabeculae, these changes were less pronounced. The reported changes were attenuated to some extent in rats similarly exposed to lead while being treated with a Ca-containing bio protector. The amount of work produced by both muscle preparations was unchanged under lead intoxication over the entire range of afterloads, which is an evidence of adaptation to the production of adequate mechanical work despite resulting contractility disturbances. Conclusions. 1. Subchronic lead intoxication was shown to cause contractile dysfunction of rat myocardium. In papillary muscles the alterations were observed more than in trabeculae. The changes in contractile proteins corresponded with those seen in myocardium structures. 2. The reported changes were attenuated to some extent in rats being treated with a Ca-containing bio protector.
Kształtowanie tożsamości polskiej w okresie zaborów oraz umacnianie świadomości narodowej w okresie II Rzeczypospolitej na przykładzie Towarzystwa Czytelni Ludowych w powiecie tucholskim
Authors: Redlarski Paweł
Published: April 2020

The Society of People’s Readings established in 1880 had a great influence on shaping the national consciousness of Poles living under the occupation. The main aim of the society was to be realized through the creation of a library network in the areas of the Prussian partition. People who lead the library of the Society of People’s Readings should not only share books, but above all, broaden the horizons of people from the lower social layer. That is why popular science meetings, reading meetings, evening parties and folk rallies were organized. In the Tuchola County in 1914 there were 12 libraries with 728 books in their collections. In 1921, the Tuchola district committee, consisting of 14 libraries, was one of the most energetic in the Pomeranian Voivodship.
Biblioteki szkolne gimnazjów lwowskich w okresie międzywojennym
Authors: Sanojca Karol
Published: April 2020

School libraries in Lviv gymnasiums were treated as an important element of scientific collections and had important didactic functions – as a source of knowledge and a tool for educational influence. Separate libraries for teachers and students existed. The latter were sometimes divided by language (e.g. German, Ukrainian library) or specificity of collections (e.g. library of school textbooks, notes for choral singing). In addition to books, schools also subscribed to numerous magazines for teachers and junior high school students, which were made available in the reading rooms of some libraries. The Lviv gymnasiums acquired an impressive collection of scientific, popular and literature books. The state of student readership was very good.
Jewish public libraries in interwar Poland
Authors: Biesaga Monika
Published: April 2020

This article presents the genesis and the organizational structure of the Jewish public libraries (also referred to as secular or modern in the literature) in interwar Poland (1918-1939). The origins of these institutions date back to the 19th century and are associated with the Haskalah movement. Due to the strong opposition of the Orthodox Jews and local authorities, the majority of the first libraries were established secretly and run illegally on private premises. Against what were then the odds, progress prevailed and the libraries flourished in the interwar period. In 1937 it was estimated that there were approximately 1,000 Jewish public libraries in Poland.
Henryk Kołodziejski – director of the Sejm library (1919-1939)
Authors: Pieróg Elżbieta
Published: April 2020

Henryk Kołodziejski (1884-1953), creator and long-term director of the Sejm library in the interwar period, was known for his socialist passion and involvement in the cooperative movement. He also played a quite significant but implicit role on the political scene, participating in informal negotiations or other meetings on matters of the highest state rank. In the article, I try to show how his person influenced the functioning of the parliamentary library and its position in the structure of the Sejm Bureau. I also ask whether there was a connection between the strong position of the library and the lack of a legal office in the pre-war Polish Sejm. I show the change in the action strategy of H. Kołodziejski after the war. I present his activity on the basis of parliamentary documentation.
W oczekiwaniu na Niepodległą – działalność kolekcjonerska Heleny Dąbczańskiej
Authors: Gruchała Irena
Published: April 2020

During the period following the Partitions of Poland, the partitioning powers took control of cultural institutions, using them to deprive Poles of their national identity. Therefore, an unofficial cultural life had to be organized by the Polish people themselves. The current paper presents the activities of Helena Dąbczańska (1863-1956), a well-known book collector from Lwów, who established a museum in her house. The museum held a large library, a collection of paintings, china, furniture and other works of art. Dąbczańska’s example shows how an energetic and committed individual could make an immense contribution to Polish culture during this period. The sources referred to in the article are H. Dąbczańska’s memoirs, the materials she bequeathed to the National Ossoliński Institute in Wrocław, the existing literature about the collector’s life and legacy, and the results of preliminary research conducted in several museums. During her lifetime, the collector transferred her collections to various museums. The largest portion of her legacy went to the National Museum in Kraków, the Industrial Museum in Kraków and the National Museum named after King John III in Lwów. Smaller bequests went to the Wielkopolska Museum in Poznań, the Podole Museum in Tarnopol and the Ethnographic Museum in Kraków. Today, artefacts from Dąbczańska’s collections are still on display in museums and libraries.