bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Incentive Policy Options for Product Remanufacturing: Subsidizing Donations or Resales?
Authors: Zhu Xiaodong , Wang Zhe , Wang Yue , Li Bangyi
Published: December 2017

Remanufactured products offer better environmental benefits, and governments encourage manufacturers to remanufacture through various subsidy policies. This practice has shown that, in addition to product sales, remanufactured product can also achieve its value through social donation. Based on the remanufactured product value realization approaches, governments provide two kinds of incentive policies, which are remanufactured product sales subsidies and remanufactured product donation subsidies. This paper constructs a two-stage Stackelberg game model including a government and a manufacturer under two different policies, which can be solved by backward induction. By comparing the optimal decision of the two policies, our results show that, compared with the remanufacturing sales subsidy, donation subsidy weakens the cannibalization of remanufactured products for new products and increases the quantity of new products. It reduces the sales quantity of remanufactured products, but increases their total quantity. Under certain conditions of low subsidy, the manufacturer adopting sales subsidy provides better economic and environmental benefits. Under certain conditions of high subsidy, the manufacturer adopting donation subsidy offers better economic and environmental benefits. When untreated product environmental impact is large enough, donation subsidy policy has a better social welfare. Otherwise, the choice of social welfare of these two different policies depends on the social impact of remanufactured product donated.
Cognitive and Behavioral Consequences of Sleep Disordered Breathing in Children
Authors: Trosman Irina , Trosman Samuel J.
Published: December 2017

There is now a plethora of evidence that children with sleep disordered breathing (SDB) show deficits in neurocognitive performance, behavioral impairments, and school performance. The following review will focus on the neurobehavioral impacts of SDB, pediatric sleep investigation challenges, potential mechanisms of behavioral and cognitive deficits in children with SDB, and the impact of SDB treatment.
The Small Regulatory RNA Spot42 Inhibits Indole Biosynthesis to Negatively Regulate the Locus of Enterocyte Effacement of Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli
Authors: Bhatt Shantanu , Jenkins Valerie , Mason Elisabeth , Muche Sarah
Published: December 2017

The locus of enterocyte effacement is necessary for enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) to form attaching and effacing (A/E) lesions. A/E lesions are characterized by intimate bacterial adherence to intestinal cells and destruction of microvilli, which leads to diarrhea. Therefore, studies interrogating the regulation of the locus of enterocyte effacement (LEE) are critical for understanding the molecular epidemiology of EPEC infections and developing interventional strategies. Hitherto, most studies have centered on protein-based regulators, whereas the role of small regulatory RNAs remains underappreciated. Previously, we identified the first sRNAs—MgrR, RyhB, and McaS—that regulate the LEE of EPEC. This study was undertaken to identify additional sRNAs that impact the LEE. Our results suggest that the catabolite-responsive sRNA, Spot42, indirectly controls the LEE by inhibiting synthesis of its inducer, indole. Spot42 base-pairs with the tnaCAB mRNA and presumably destabilizes the transcript, thereby preventing expression of the regulatory and structural proteins that are involved in the import and hydrolysis of tryptophan into indole. The absence of intracellular indole leads to reduced transcription of the LEE1-encoded master transcriptional activator Ler, thereby maintaining the LEE in its silenced state and delaying A/E lesion morphogenesis. Our results highlight the importance of riboregulators that synchronize metabolic and virulence pathways in bacterial infection.
Estimating Land Surface Temperature from Feng Yun-3C/MERSI Data Using a New Land Surface Emissivity Scheme
Authors: Meng Xiangchen , Cheng Jie , Liang Shunlin
Published: December 2017

Land surface temperature (LST) is a key parameter for a wide number of applications, including hydrology, meteorology and surface energy balance. In this study, we first proposed a new land surface emissivity (LSE) scheme, including a lookup table-based method to determine the vegetated surface emissivity and an empirical method to derive the bare soil emissivity from the Global LAnd Surface Satellite (GLASS) broadband emissivity (BBE) product. Then, the Modern Era Retrospective-Analysis for Research and Applications (MERRA) reanalysis data and the Feng Yun-3C/Medium Resolution Spectral Imager (FY-3C/MERSI) precipitable water vapor product were used to correct the atmospheric effects. After resolving the land surface emissivity and atmospheric effects, the LST was derived in a straightforward manner from the FY-3C/MERSI data by the radiative transfer equation algorithm and the generalized single-channel algorithm. The mean difference between the derived LSE and field-measured LSE over seven stations is approximately 0.002. Validation of the LST retrieved with the LSE determined by the new scheme can achieve an acceptable accuracy. The absolute biases are less than 1 K and the STDs (RMSEs) are less than 1.95 K (2.2 K) for both the 1000 m and 250 m spatial resolutions. The LST accuracy is superior to that retrieved with the LSE determined by the commonly used Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) threshold method. Thus, the new emissivity scheme can be used to improve the accuracy of the LSE and further the LST for sensors with broad spectral ranges such as FY-3C/MERSI.
An Integrated Modeling Approach Combining Multifractal Urban Planning with a Space Syntax Perspective
Authors: Yamu Claudia , Van Nes Akkelies
Published: December 2017

The United Nations Paris agreement of 2015 highlighted the need for urban planning to prevent and contain urban sprawl so as to reduce trip lengths through an efficient distribution of agglomerations and a well-balanced urban pattern distribution, all while considering travel behavior and accessibility to green areas, services, and facilities on different temporal scales. For the Vienna-Bratislava metropolitan region, our integrated modeling approach uses a combination of multifractal spatial modeling along with a space syntax perspective. Multifractal strategies are intrinsically multiscalar and adhere to five planning principles: hierarchical (polycentric) urban development to manage urban sprawl; sustainable transit-oriented development; locally well-balanced urban pattern and functions distribution to enhance vital urban systems, local centers, and neighborhoods; penetration of green areas into built-up areas; and the preservation of large interconnected networks of green areas to conserve biodiversity. Adding space syntax modeling to a multifractal strategy integrates how space relates to functional patterns based on centrality, thus applying a socio-spatial perspective. In this paper, we used the following workflow for an integrated modeling approach: (1) Space syntax to identify the urban systems’ hierarchy and so determine a spatial strategy regionally; (2) Fractalopolis to create a multifractal development plan for potential urbanization; and (3) Space syntax to design a strategic urban master plan for locating new housing and facilities vis-à-vis socioeconomic factors.
Human Cytomegalovirus Encoded miR-US25-1-5p Attenuates CD147/EMMPRIN-Mediated Early Antiviral Response
Authors: Chen Jun , Xia Sisi , Yang Xiangmin , Chen Huizi , Li Fanni , Liu Fenyong , Chen Zhinan
Published: December 2017

Cellular receptor-mediated signaling pathways play critical roles during the initial immune response to Human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection. However, the involvement of type-I transmembrane glycoprotein CD147/EMMPRIN (extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer) in the antiviral response to HCMV infection is still unknown. Here, we demonstrated the specific knockdown of CD147 significantly decreased HCMV-induced activation of NF-κB and Interferon-beta (IFN-β), which contribute to the cellular antiviral responses. Next, we confirmed that HCMV-encoded miR-US25-1-5p could target the 3′ UTR (Untranslated Region) of CD147 mRNA, and thus facilitate HCMV lytic propagation at a low multiplicity of infection (MOI). The expression and secretion of Cyclophilin A (sCyPA), as a ligand for CD147 and a proinflammatory cytokine, were up-regulated in response to HCMV stimuli. Finally, we confirmed that CD147 mediated HCMV-triggered antiviral signaling via the sCyPA-CD147-ERK (extracellular regulated protein kinases)/NF-κB axis signaling pathway. These findings reveal an important HCMV mechanism for evading antiviral innate immunity through its encoded microRNA by targeting transmembrane glycoprotein CD147, and a potential cause of HCMV inflammatory disorders due to the secretion of proinflammatory cytokine CyPA.
Short-term Repeat Magnetic Resonance Imaging Scans in Suspected Early Axial Spondyloarthritis Are Clinically Relevant Only in HLA-B27–positive Male Subjects
Authors: Sengupta Raj , Marzo-Ortega Helena , McGonagle Dennis , Wadeley Alison , Bennett Alexander N. ,   on behalf of the British Society for Spondyloarthritis
Published: December 2017

Objective.

Our study investigated the natural history of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)–determined bone marrow edema over a 12-week period in individuals with suspected axial spondyloarthritis.

Methods.

There were 109 MRI scans performed on 30 patients who fulfilled the Assessment of Spondyloarthritis international Society inflammatory back pain criteria at baseline and at 4, 8, and 12 weeks.

Results.

There were 29 patients who completed the study. Only 4 (14%) patients changed from MRI-negative to MRI-positive (all HLA-B27–positive, OR 2.74). Three of 7 (43%) male HLA-B27–positive patients, 1 of 8 (12.5%) HLA-B27–positive female patients, and no HLA-B27–negative patients changed from MRI- negative to -positive.

Conclusion.

Repeat MRI scans within a 12-week period should be considered in HLA-B27–positive males.
Montesquieu et le social
Authors: C. J. Singer Brian
Published: December 2017

Bien des auteurs ont considéré Montesquieu comme le premier à « découvrir le social ». Cet essai propose qu’il y a en fait quatre découvertes qui introduisent trois sens différents du social par rapport au politique : un sens « onto­logique » qui traite de ce qui influence le politique; un sens « épistémologique » qui examine le politique à partir d’une perspective non-politique ; et un sens « substantiel » qui décrit, dans certains régimes, une sphère largement non-réglée par le pouvoir politique ou des lois juridiques. La conclusion considère le sort De l’esprit des lois , s’interrogeant sur les raisons pour lesquelles le livre a eu si peu d’influence en sociologie et, malgré cela, sur sa pertinence actuelle.
Aux sources de la sociologie. Science et politique de la « société » au XVIII e siècle
Authors: Kaufmann Laurence
Published: December 2017

Cet article se propose d’esquisser la configuration historique qui a rendu possible la co-émergence de la « société », désormais considérée comme étant le cadre ultime de l’existence collective, et d’un ordre de discours réflexif inédit, éminemment sociologique, sur la société et ses fondements. Car ce n’est pas seulement l’objet de la sociologie, c’est-à-dire la « société », qui s’impose au xviii e   siècle comme une chose dont le fonctionnement sui generis est à comprendre et éventuellement à modifier. C’est également le mot même de « sociologie » qui apparaît pour la première fois dans les écrits d’Emmanuel-Joseph Sieyès, l’un des plus grands législateurs de la Révolution française. Avec l’apparition du mot et de l’objet de la « sociologie », les tensions entre individu et société, nature et artifice, pluralité sociale et unité politique, deviennent une problématique aussi bien scientifique que politique. C’est la portée politique de ces tensions, dont nous sommes bon an mal les héritiers, que ce retour aux sources de la sociologie vise à déployer.
L’Europe contre la haine
Authors: Emcke Carolin , Fœssel Michaël , Schlegel Jean-Louis
Published: December 2017

En Europe, la montée des discours de haine interroge notre représentation de l’autre. L’Europe n’arrive pas encore à la contenir, alors qu’elle est un lieu d’apprentissage de la diversité.
Le Brexit : une affirmation des valeurs britanniques ?
Authors: Antoine Aurélien
Published: December 2017

Le Brexit se comprend par les valeurs politiques et constitutionnelles britanniques. Il a des consequences sur l’Etat de droit et la souveraineté de la Chambre des Communes.
Le Centaure et le Schimmel
Authors: de Libera Alain
Published: December 2017

La théorie des deux objets, ou du médiateur, et la théorie adverbialiste de l’intentionnalité sont les deux grandes percées de l’ontologie brentanienne. Mais comment caractériser le passage de la première à la seconde, emblématique de la période réiste de l’œuvre de Brentano ? Sur la base d’une étude des appendices posthumes publiés dans l’édition de la Psychologie de 1924, et tout particulièrement des exemples où des objets non existants sont représentés, on montre que la stratégie adverbialiste ne fait pas de l’objet immanent un mode de l’acte, mais bien un mode du penseur. L’adverbialisme ne constitue donc pas une coupure épistémologique dans l’évolution de la pensée de Brentano, mais était bien plutôt inscrit au sein même de la théorie des deux objets.
Reviewing the literature in the IS field: Two bibliometric techniques to guide readings and help the interpretation of the literature
Authors: Walsh Isabelle , Renaud Alexandre
Published: December 2017

Dans cet article nous montrons comment l’analyse bibliométrique pourrait être appliquée avec profit dans les recherches en Systèmes d’Information pour aider à effectuer une revue de littérature, et complémenter les méthodes traditionnelles pour ce faire. Une telle analyse peut guider et aider à interpréter une revue de littérature plus traditionnelle à travers la mise en exergue de textes importants à étudier plus particulièrement et en priorité. Nous proposons d’utiliser plus spécifiquement deux techniques bibliométriques de manière complémentaire, l’analyse de co-citation de références et l’analyse de couplage bibliographique de documents, qui sont décrites tout en mettant en exergue les étapes et débats principaux d’un point de vue méthodologique. Nous illustrons et démontrons l’intérêt de l’utilisation complémentaire de ces deux techniques dans un domaine bien établi, et déjà très fourni, de la recherche en SI : l’alignement stratégique.
Nurses With Substance Use Disorders: Where We Are and What Needs To Be Done
Authors: Worley Julie
Published: December 2017

Nurses have the same rate of substance use disorders (SUDs) as the general public. Management of nurses with SUDs is moving from being punitive, including public license suspension or revocation, to alternative-to-discipline (ATD) programs that focus on early intervention and non-punitive, confidential help, which often involve continued employment. These programs have good retention rates, and nurses who complete them have fewer criminal convictions and are able to retain their nursing licenses and maintain successful careers in nursing. Barriers to nurses receiving care for SUDs include wide variability in ATD programs, inconsistent funding for treatment, and lack of policies and support for nursing students. Recommendations include changes to nurse practice acts to make ATD programs more uniform, provide adequate funding for all nurses and nursing students, and allow nurses to seek and obtain care without disclosing directly to Boards of Nurses. Colleges of nursing should implement policies to encourage early identification and treatment in nursing students, including ATD and dismissal programs. [
Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 55
(12), 11–14.]
El ajuar funerario del arzobispo de Zaragoza y Valencia, Don Alonso de Aragón (1470-1520)
Authors: Naya Franco Carolina
Published: December 2017

El ajuar funerario del arzobispo y mecenas don Alonso de Aragón (1470-1520), hijo natural de Fernando el Católico, nos permite reflexionar sobre las inquietudes e intereses del prelado. Sus alhajas, encontradas en 1994 durante los trabajos de restauración de la Catedral del Salvador, por un lado materializan la internacionalidad de las relaciones del arzobispo, y por otro, las conexiones artísticas del Reino de Aragón en las postrimerías de la Edad Media.
El Obispado de Palencia desde sus orígenes hasta su definitiva restauración en el siglo XI
Authors: Vaca Lorenzo Ángel
Published: December 2017

En este trabajo de Historia se pretende aclarar la constitución del obispado de Palencia desde sus oscuros orígenes hasta su definitiva restauración en la primera mitad del siglo XI. Tal objetivo se persigue a lo largo de tres apartados que se corresponden con otras tantas etapas históricas: la primitiva creación del obispado en época visigoda, los múltiples intentos fallidos por instaurar una diócesis en las recién repobladas tierras palentinas y, finalmente, la definitiva restauración de la sede episcopal por obra de los reyes Sancho III de Navarra, Bermudo III de León y Fernando I de Castilla y León.
La libertad de profesión en los claustros femeninos durante la edad moderna: el proceso de nulidad de profesión de Sor Isabel Mancho
Authors: Sanz de Bremond y Mayáns Ana
Published: December 2017

No disponible
Experimental Evaluation of an Autonomous Surface Craft for Shallow-Water Bathymetry
Authors: Raygosa-Barahona Rubén , Garcia-Terán Miguel Ángel , Enriquez Cecilia , Olguín-Díaz Ernesto
Published: December 2017

AbstractVast coastal water bodies such as mangroves and wetlands, despite their enormous importance, are inaccessible to even the smallest aquatic vehicles, which are not capable of navigating the extremely shallow environments. To understand their behavior and the transport and exchange processes with both sea and land, it is crucial to study local hydrodynamics, which are highly dependent on bathymetric configuration. In order to obtain accurate and high spatial resolution bathymetric samples, an existing small surface vehicle instrumented with GPS and echosounder was implemented with an autopilot system to achieve autonomy. A description of the autonomous system together with the evaluation of the whole vehicle's performance in a natural coastal environment (e.g., affected by the wind, waves, and currents that exist in coastal regions) is presented. The navigation system is based on an autopilot system, which follows a set of user-selected waypoints to drive the vehicle through a previously designed path. The trajectory is self-corrected to achieve sufficient accuracy (the limits are also defined by the user) using real-time kinematics. The tracking is performed by two independent proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control systems: the boat's displacement speed and the bearing control. A simple experimental procedure to tune the low-level PID control parameters is presented. Comparisons between the bathymetric maps obtained with the system and with other standard bathymetric surveys from a selected coastal site (ship-towed echosounder) are presented to test both the precision of the boat's navigation and the fine structure of the bottom topography. The results confirm the system's capability as a valuable tool for surveying large and very shallow environments.
Use of a Partial-thickness Flap for Guided Bone Regeneration in the Upper Jaw
Authors: Busa Alberto , Caccianiga Gianluigi
Published: December 2017

Introduction

Guided bone regeneration (GBR) aims to restore adequate bone volume for the placement of implants in an ideal location. In this article, we analyze different surgical techniques for tissue management during GBR and a modified partialthickness surgical approach.

Materials and methods

In a year's time span, five patients were enrolled in the study: Four women and one man (aged 44–59 years). In four patients, a GBR with simultaneous implant placement was adopted, whereas in another patient, a delayed implant placement was done. The flap was of full thickness and overturned on the side palatal with the aim of a retractor, thus exposing the bone crest. The graft material was covered and protected with a resorbable collagen membrane (Geistlich Bio- Gide®, Switzerland). The periosteal layer of the flap was then positioned above the resorbable membrane without traction. The sutures as vertical mattress were then positioned. Each patient received an intramuscular betamethasone dose (4 mg/50 kg) and antibiotic therapy for 7 days (amoxicillin + clavulanic acid 1 gm every 12 hours) and was instructed to maintain oral hygiene and appropriate wound cleaning. The patients were recalled at different times to monitor the healing.

Results

No cases of tissue dehiscence were observed during the period of wound healing. One patient, however, showed a delayed exposure 4 months after surgery. This occurrence was managed without complications for the patient.

Conclusion

The design of proposed flap seems to be effective in controlling the risk of dehiscence during the healing time in the GBR. The vascular supply was rarely compromised. The results we obtained are encouraging even if further studies on this technique are needed.

Clinical significance

Lateral partial-thickness flaps seem to be effective in controlling tissue tension and consequently the risk of dehiscence. The incision vestibularly performed should favor the soft tissue healing.

How to cite this article

Porcaro G, Busa A, Bianco E, Caccianiga G, Maddalone M. Use of a Partial-thickness Flap for Guided Bone Regeneration in the Upper Jaw. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017;18(12):1117-1121.
Oral Manifestation in Patients diagnosed with Dermatological Diseases
Authors: Kulkarni Meena , Thete Sanjay G , Nikam Atul P , Umbare Dhiraj , Satdive Sushant
Published: December 2017

Aim

This study aimed to estimate the frequency of oral lesions in dermatological diseased patients attending the outpatient department of Pravara Rural Medical and Dental College and Hospital, Pravara Institute of Medical Sciences (Deemed University), Loni, Ahmednagar, Maharashtra, India, and the Department of Dermatology at Medical College, Ahmednagar, Maharashtra, India.

Materials and methods

A cross-sectional hospital-based study was conducted in Loni from October 2013 to January 2014. A total of 310 patients (mean age 37.2 ± 16 years, 61.2% males) completed an oral examination and a personal interview. Oral lesions were recorded. Biopsy and smear were used as adjuvant techniques for confirmation. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) (version 15.0.1).

Results

Of 310 cases (n = 310) observed for skin lesions, 99 cases were psoriasis (31.93%) and 68 cases were lichen planus (LP; 21.9%), followed by herpes zoster in 44 cases (14.1%), herpes simplex in 13 cases (4.1%), pemphigus vulgaris (PV) in 15 cases (4.8%), erythema multiforme (EM) in 8 cases (2.5%), bullous pemphigoid (BP) in 4 cases (1.2%), chicken pox in 3 cases (0.9%), eczema in 52 cases (16.7%), and nutritional deficiency and candidiasis in 2 cases (Table 1).

Conclusion

The dermatologic diseases studied frequently occur in the oral cavity. Among them, psoriasis was the most common dermatological disease, and LP frequently showed.

Clinical significance

This study also depicts that diagnosis and management of these oral lesions should also be carried out by oral clinicians so as to improve the oral health functioning during the course of the disease. The intraoral examination should be incorporated to the routine of dermatologic assistance as the oral manifestations can represent preliminary signs or can coexist with the diseases.

How to cite this article

Thete SG, Kulkarni M, Nikam AP, Mantri T, Umbare D, Satdive S, Kulkarni D. Oral Manifestation in Patients diagnosed with Dermatological Diseases. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017;18(12):1153-1158.
Identifying Pediatric Trauma Data Gaps at a Large Urban Trauma Referral Center in Santiago, Chile
Authors: St-Louis Etienne , Roizblatt Daniel , Deckelbaum Dan L , Baird Robert , Millán César V , Ebensperger Alicia
Published: December 2017

Background

Trauma registries contribute to improving trauma care, but their impact is highly dependent on the quality of the data. A simplified point of care pediatric trauma registry (PTR) was developed at the Centre for Global Surgery from the McGill University Health Centre (MUHC) for implementation in Low-middle income countries (LMICs). Pilot deployment was launched at a large urban trauma center in May 2016 in Santiago, Chile. Prior to deployment, we sought to identify missing data in existing trauma records in order to optimize PTR practicality and user benefit.

Materials and methods

The project was approved by the local Institutional Review Board. Retrospective chart review was conducted on trauma patients below the age of 15 who were evaluated at the emergency room (ER) of Hospital Dr. Sotero del Rio (HSR) between January 1st and June 30th 2015. Data missingness was evaluated for each component of the PTR (demographics, mechanism, injury and outcomes). Potential independent predictors of data missingness were evaluated using multiple linear regression.

Results

A total of 351 patients were included. Demographic data missingness ranged from 0% (age) to 95% (mode of arrival). Mechanism data missingness ranged from 6% (cause of injury) to 42% (site of injury). Injury physiology data missingness ranged from 37% (oxygen saturation) to 99% (respiratory rate). Interestingly, mean injury anatomy data missingness was significantly inferior to physiology data (0.6% vs. 78.6%, p < 0.05). Outcome data missingness reached 54% at 2 weeks.

Conclusion

In resource-limited settings, high quality data is essential to guide responsible resource allocation. We believe implementation of a simplified trauma registry has the potential to reduce data gaps for pediatric trauma patients by streamlining trauma data collection at point of care. This should include streamlined data collection with a short per-patient completion time, and should forego attempts to collect data at 2 weeks, which has proven unsuccessful.

How to cite this article

St-Louis E, Roizblatt D, Deckelbaum DL, Baird R, Millán CV, Ebensperger A, Razek T. Identifying Pediatric Trauma Data Gaps at a Large Urban Trauma Referral Center in Santiago, Chile. Panam J Trauma Crit Care Emerg Surg 2017;6(3):169-176.
Aspectos epidemiológicos dos acidentes com escorpião no ano de 2015 atendidos em um hospital de referência
Authors: Farias Amanda CC , Alves Olívia DC , de Oliveira Taís C , Terceiro Dulce A , Bizerril Raquel O , Arantes Éder P , Olímpio Felipe P , Soeiro Gabriela O , Furtado Ana FV , Silva Francisco JC da
Published: December 2017

Objetivo

Elucidar as características e o padrão epidemiológico dos acidentes com escorpião no ano de 2015 atendidos em um hospital de trauma terciário.

Materiais e métodos

Estudo epidemiológico, retrospectivo e descritivo, a partir de dados de notificação de acidentes escorpiônicos do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN) sendo a coleta de dados feita por meio da Unidade de Toxicologia da instituição (CEATOX) e Núcleo Hospitalar de Epidemiologia (NUHEPI), referentes ao ano de 2015.

Resultados

No ano de 2015, 2652 vítimas de acidentes com escorpiões receberam auxílio médico no pronto atendimento do hospital de trauma em questão. Deste número, 1721 (64,9%) eram do sexo masculino. A capital, Fortaleza, era o município de residência de 2.465 (92,9%) dos pacientes. As regiões corpóreas mais acometidas foram pé e mão, ambos com 885 (33,4%) dos casos. Não foi necessária a infusão de soro antiescorpiônico em nenhuma ocasião. Ademais, em 2647 (99,8%) o acidente foi categorizado como leve.

Conclusão

Essa amostragem demonstra a ainda grande prevalência dessa causa externa de trauma no estado do Ceará, condição essa que pode acarretar risco de lesão grave de membros e complicações graves, incluindo o óbito. O agravo está, também, estreitamente relacionado com questões ambientais e com a falta de conhecimento da população sobre os aspectos da prevenção, tornando o profissional de saúde um agente transformador na redução dos índices e redução da demanda hospitalar pelos casos.

Significância clínica

Embora a maior parte dos acidentes com escorpião seja classificada como leve, alguns indivíduos, principalmente crianças e idosos, podem evoluir com quadros graves que terminem em óbito. Tornam- se assim imperativos tanto a implementação de medidas preventivas como o correto manejo clínico de cada caso.

How to cite this article

Farias ACC, Alves ODC, de Oliveira TC, da Silva FJC, Terceiro DA, Bizerril RO, Arantes EP, Olímpio FP, Soeiro GO, Furtado AFV. Aspectos epidemiológicos dos acidentes com escorpião no ano de 2015 atendidos em um hospital de referência. Panam J Trauma Crit Care Emerg Surg 2017;6(3):201-208.
Retrieval and validation of MetOp/IASI methane
Authors: De Wachter Evelyn , Kumps Nicolas , Vandaele Ann Carine , Langerock Bavo , De Mazière Martine
Published: December 2017

Abstract. A new IASI methane product developed at the Royal Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy (BIRA-IASB) is presented. The retrievals are performed with the ASIMUT-ALVL software based on the optimal estimation method (OEM). This paper gives an overview of the forward model and retrieval concept. The usefulness of reconstructed principal component compressed (PCC) radiances is highlighted. The information content study carried out in this paper shows that most IASI pixels contain between 0.9 and 1.6 independent pieces of information about the vertical distribution of CH4, with a good sensitivity in the mid- to upper troposphere. A detailed error analysis was performed. The total uncertainty is estimated to be 3.73 % for a CH4 partial column between 4 and 17 km. An extended validation with ground-based CH4 observations at 10 locations was carried out. IASI CH4 partial columns are found to correlate well with the ground-based data for 6 out of the 10 Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) stations with correlation coefficients between 0.60 and 0.84. Relative mean differences between IASI and FTIR CH4 range between −2.31 and 4.04 % and are within the systematic uncertainty. For 6 out of the 10 stations the relative mean differences are smaller than ±1 %. The standard deviation of the difference lies between 1.76 and 2.97 % for all the stations.
Reduction of ZTD outliers through improved GNSS data processing and screening strategies
Authors: Stepniak Katarzyna , Bock Olivier , Wielgosz Pawel
Published: December 2017

Abstract. Though Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) data processing has been significantly improved over years it is still commonly observed that Zenith Tropospheric Delay (ZTD) estimates contain many outliers which are detrimental to meteorological and climatological applications. In this paper, we show that ZTD outliers in double difference processing are most of the time caused by sub-daily data gaps at reference stations which cause disconnections of clusters of stations from the reference network and common–mode biases due to the strong correlation between stations in short baselines. They can reach a few centimetres in ZTD and coincide usually with a jump in formal errors. The magnitude and sign of these biases are impossible to predict because they depend on different errors in the observations and on the geometry of the baselines. We elaborate and test a new baseline strategy which solves this problem and significantly reduces the number of outliers compared to the standard strategy commonly used for positioning (e.g. determination of national reference frame) in which the pre-defined network is composed of a skeleton of reference stations to which secondary stations are connected in a star-like structure. The new strategy is also shown to perform better than the widely-used strategy maximising the number of observations which available in many GNSS software. The reason is that observations are maximised before processing whereas the final number of used observations can be dramatically lower because of data rejection (screening) during the processing. The study relies on the analysis of one year of GPS (Global Positioning System) data from a regional network of 136 GNSS stations processed using Bernese GNSS Software v.5.2. A post-processing screening procedure is also proposed to detect and remove a few outliers which may still remain due to short data gaps. It is based on a combination of range checks and outlier checks of ZTD and formal errors. The accuracy of the final screened GPS ZTD estimates is assessed by comparison to ERA-Interim reanalysis.
Short communication: Massive erosion in monsoonal central India linked to late Holocene land cover degradation
Authors: Giosan Liviu , Ponton Camilo , Usman Muhammed , Blusztajn Jerzy , Fuller Dorian Q. , Galy Valier , Haghipour Negar , Johnson Joel E. , McIntyre Cameron , Wacker Lukas , Eglinton Timothy I.
Published: December 2017

Abstract. Soil erosion plays a crucial role in transferring sediment and carbon from land to sea, yet little is known about the rhythm and rates of soil erosion prior to the most recent few centuries. Here we reconstruct a Holocene erosional history from central India, as integrated by the Godavari River in a sediment core from the Bay of Bengal. We quantify terrigenous fluxes, fingerprint sources for the lithogenic fraction and assess the age of the exported terrigenous carbon. Taken together, our data show that the monsoon decline in the late Holocene significantly increased soil erosion and the age of exported organic carbon. This acceleration of natural erosion was later exacerbated by the Neolithic adoption and Iron Age extensification of agriculture on the Deccan Plateau. Despite a constantly elevated sea level since the middle Holocene, this erosion acceleration led to a rapid growth of the continental margin. We conclude that in monsoon conditions aridity boosts rather than suppresses sediment and carbon export, acting as a monsoon erosional pump modulated by land cover conditions.
Multiscale soil moisture estimates using static and roving cosmic-ray soil moisture sensors
Authors: McJannet David , Hawdon Aaron , Baker Brett , Renzullo Luigi , Searle Ross
Published: December 2017

Abstract. Soil moisture plays a critical role in land surface processes and as such there has been a recent increase in the number and resolution of satellite soil moisture observations and the development of land surface process models with ever increasing resolution. Despite these developments, validation and calibration of these products has been limited because of a lack of observations on corresponding scales. A recently developed mobile soil moisture monitoring platform, known as the rover, offers opportunities to overcome this scale issue. This paper describes methods, results and testing of soil moisture estimates produced using rover surveys on a range of scales that are commensurate with model and satellite retrievals. Our investigation involved static cosmic-ray neutron sensors and rover surveys across both broad (36 × 36 km at 9 km resolution) and intensive (10 × 10 km at 1 km resolution) scales in a cropping district in the Mallee region of Victoria, Australia. We describe approaches for converting rover survey neutron counts to soil moisture and discuss the factors controlling soil moisture variability. We use independent gravimetric and modelled soil moisture estimates collected across both space and time to validate rover soil moisture products. Measurements revealed that temporal patterns in soil moisture were preserved through time and regression modelling approaches were utilised to produce time series of property-scale soil moisture which may also have applications in calibration and validation studies or local farm management. Intensive-scale rover surveys produced reliable soil moisture estimates at 1 km resolution while broad-scale surveys produced soil moisture estimates at 9 km resolution. We conclude that the multiscale soil moisture products produced in this study are well suited to future analysis of satellite soil moisture retrievals and finer-scale soil moisture models.
Thin sea ice in the Arctic: comparing L-band radiometry retrievals with an ocean reanalysis
Authors: Tietsche Steffen , Alonso-Balmaseda Magdalena , Rosnay Patricia , Zuo Hao , Tian-Kunze Xiangshan , Kaleschke Lars
Published: December 2017

Abstract. L-band radiance measurements such as these from the SMOS satellite can be used to distinguish thin from thick ice under cold surface conditions. However, uncertainties can be large due to assumptions in the forward model that converts brightness temperatures into ice thickness, and due to uncertainties in ancillary fields which need to be independently modelled or observed. It is therefore advisable to perform a critical assessment with independent observational and model data, before using these data for model validation or data assimilation. Here, we discuss version 3.1 of the University of Hamburg L3C SMOS sea-ice thickness data set (SMOS-SIT) from autumn 2010 to spring 2017, and compare it to the results of the global ocean-sea ice analysis ORAS5. It is concluded that SMOS-SIT provides valuable and unique information on thin sea ice during winter, both in terms of the seasonal evolution and interannual variability. Overall, there is a promising match between SMOS-SIT and ORAS5 early in the freezing season (October-December), while later in winter, sea ice is consistently modelled thicker than observed. This seems to be mostly due to deficiencies of the model to simulate polynyas and fracture zones. However, there are regions where biases in the observational data seem to play a role, as comparison to independent observational data suggests. Both the reanalysis and the observations are provided with uncertainty estimates. While the reanalysis uncertainty estimates for the thickness of thin sea ice are probably too small and do not include structural uncertainty of the simulation, these of SMOS-SIT are often large, and do not seem to adequately characterise the complex uncertainties of the retrieval model. Therefore, careful and manual assessment of the data when using it for model evaluation and data assimilation is advisable. Interannual variability and trends of the large-scale distribution of thin sea ice are in good agreement between SMOS-SIT and ORAS5. In summary, SMOS-SIT presents a unique source of information about thin sea ice in the winter-time Arctic, and its use in sea ice modelling, assimilation and forecasting application is nascent and promising.
Up to 10-year follow-up of the Symax stem in THA: a Danish single-centre study
Authors: Edwards Nina M. , Varnum Claus , Kjærsgaard-Andersen Per
Published: December 2017

Introduction:

The design of the cementless Symax-HA femoral stem is based on geometrical analysis of human femoral anatomy to optimise the fit within the femur. The stem combines an anatomical proximal section enabling a metaphyseal anchorage with a straight distal section. This results in an improved proximal load transfer. We aimed to determine the overall survival of total hip arthroplasty (THA) in patients operated at our institution with the Symax stem. Secondly, we investigated the cause of revision for patients having THA including the Symax stem.

Methods:

The study is a registry study with results from a single centre, Vejle Hospital. From the Danish Hip -Arthroplasty Registry, we identified all THAs operated with the Symax stem. The primary outcome was revision. The secondary outcomes were aseptic loosening, periprosthetic fracture, and all other causes for revision.

Results:

In total, 1,055 THAs were performed in 875 patients. The median 6.5-year survival rate was 97.5% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 96.6%-98.3%). 29 THAs had undergone revision due to the following causes: periprosthetic fracture (n = 11); aseptic loosening of the cup (n = 1); infection (n = 5); dislocation (n = 10); and component failure (n = 2). There was no revision due to aseptic loosening of the stem.

Conclusions:

From the Danish Hip Arthroplasty Registry, we identified the overall 6.5-year survival rate to be 95% for cementless THAs. In the present study, the Symax stem has a median 6.5-year survival rate at 97.5% (96.6%-98.3%). No revisions were due to aseptic loosening but the stem had a relative high prevalence of periprosthetic fractures.
In vitro trials of a wearable artificial kidney (WAK)
Authors: Bazaev Nikolai A. , Dorofeeva Nataliya I. , Zhilo Nikita M. , Streltsov Evgeniy V.
Published: December 2017

Background:

This paper presents results of in vitro trials of a wearable artificial kidney (WAK).

Materials and methods:

To carry out the trials, a test bench was developed. It consisted of a patient imitator, a tubing set and measuring equipment.

Results:

Our WAK can eliminate urea, uric acid and creatinine from spent dialysate with mean mass rates of 0.85 ± 0.1 g/h, 0.10 ± 0.04 g/h and 0.05 ± 0.01 g/h, respectively. Concentrations of Na+, Cl– and Ca2+ ions were kept in the 10% range from initial values. We demonstrated that our WAK can operate for 38 hours without having to replace expendable materials.

Conclusions:

The WAK that we developed can eliminate metabolites from spent dialysis fluid with mass rates that are sufficient to maintain stable, physiologically normal metabolite concentrations in patients’ blood.
Role of perioperative dynamic sentinel node biopsy for cN0 penile cancer management: experience from an Italian tertiary referral center
Authors: Sedigh Omidreza , Preto Mirko , Soleimanzadeh Farzin , Marra Giancarlo , Falcone Marco , Rolle Luigi , Ceruti Carlo , Timpano Massimiliano , Sibona Mattia , Dalmasso Ettore , Delmonte Sergio , Caliendo Virginia , Frea Bruno , Gontero Paolo
Published: December 2017

Purpose:

Inguinal lymphadenectomy (iLAD) reduces mortality in patients with cN0 penile cancer but yields high complication rates. Thus, its prophylactic role has been questioned and dynamic sentinel node biopsy (DSNB) was introduced to select men who should undergo the procedure. Our aim was to investigate the accuracy of a contemporary DSNB cohort.

Methods:

We performed a retrospective analysis of ≥T1 or ≥G2 cN0 penile cancer undergoing perioperative DSNB from June 2009 to June 2015 at a tertiary referral center. We excluded men with <18 months follow-up or with local recurrence after primary curative treatment. Complications were graded according to the Clavien-Dindo classification.

Results:

Thirty-five men underwent DSNB; 85.71% had ≤T2 penile cancer with ≤G2a histology. Per groin detection rate was 80% (scintigraphy being positive bilaterally in 60% and unilaterally in 20.0%). In no cases did DSNB prolong the postoperative course compared to primary surgery. Nine men (n = 15/109 nodes removed) had positive results, 8 of whom underwent iLAD. Among negative DSNB patients, 2 developed nodal penile cancer recurrence; none of them had node biopsy due to inconclusive scintigraphy. At a median follow-up of 42 months (interquartile range 30-78 months), if considering only men with scintigraphy detected inguinal nodes, per-patient sensitivity and specificity were 50% and 80% whereas positive predictive value and negative predictive value were 25% and 92.3%, respectively.

Conclusions:

Perioperative DSNB is a safe procedure, yielding promising results when performed at a tertiary referral center. Future prospective large studies are needed to investigate how to optimize detection rate and reduce false-negative rates.
The Human Struggle between Darkness and Light: A Virtue Ethic Study of John Steinbeck's The Winter of Our Discontent
Authors: Zheng Li
Published: December 2017

With the American psychologist Erich Fromm's humanistic ethics as a point of reference, this article analyzes The Winter of Our Discontent (1961), John Steinbeck's final work of fiction. This novel focuses on protagonist Ethan Allen Hawley as he succumbs to the influence of corrupt social values and thereby fails to actualize his primary potentiality for goodness. At the novel's end, however, as he is on the verge of suicide, he thinks about the innocence of his daughter, Ellen, and experiences an epiphany of light that leads to a realization of love for self and others. Overcoming his sense of alienation from the good, he embarks on a course of active freedom that will enable him to go on with his life. Steinbeck's exquisite depiction of Ethan's moral development reflects his own ethical concerns about the well-being of his beloved America.
Inhibitory action of essential oils against proteases activity of Paenibacillus larvae, the etiological agent of American Foulbrood disease
Authors: Pellegrini María C. , Zalazar Lucía , Fuselli Sandra R. , Ponce Alejandra G.
Published: December 2017

American foulbrood (AFB) is a disease affecting the larva of Apis mellifera. The etiological agent is Paenibacillus larvae, which releases metalloproteases involved in the degradation of larval tissues. Through quorum sensing (QS) mechanism, bacteria are able to activate specific genes such as virulence factors. The exoproteases regulation of P. larvae could be associated with QS. A promising mechanism of AFB control is to block QS mechanism with essential oils (EO). The aim of this study was to investigate the potential presence of QS signals in the regulation of P. larvae proteases and the effect of seven EOs on the exoproteases activity of P. larvae. From growth curves and evaluation of the presence of proteases by milk agar plates assay, it was observed protease activity during the late exponential phase of growth. Early production of protease activity (15 hours earlier than control) was observed when a low density culture was incubated with late exponential spent medium (SM) suggesting the presence of factor(s) inducing this activity. SM was obtained by the ultrafiltration of P. larvae cultures on late growth phase and was free of proteases. Proteolytic activity was quantified on P. larvae cultures in presence of sublethal concentration of EO by azocasein method. The EOs, except S. chilensis EO, reduced significantly protease activity (more than 50%). We report for the first time evidence on the possible role of QS on P. larvae and the antiproteolytic activity of EOs (except for S. chilensis) on exoproteases, an interesting therapeutic strategy to control AFB.