bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Obstacles to sustainable peace in post-conflict Liberia: An analysis of the challenges faced by peacekeeping operations
Authors: ENE VINCENT-ORUGBO
Published: December 2024

With over 15 years of peacekeeping experience in Liberia, it is crucial to recognize the challenges faced by international organizations in maintaining peace and stability. Based on this, the paper provides a comprehensive understanding of the complex and multi-dimensional challenges encountered in peacekeeping efforts in Liberia. Specifically, the paper identifies and analyzes the key factors that have hindered the effectiveness of peacekeeping operations in Liberia and assesses the impact of the identified challenges on the overall success and sustainability of peacekeeping missions in Liberia. Utilizing a qualitative research methodology and the purposive sampling of secondary data taken from books, journal articles, magazines, etc., the thematic approach which was adopted for the presentation of data facilitated the provision of a comprehensive overview of the challenges faced by peacekeeping operations in Liberia. Consequently, the paper reveals that the resolution of the conflict in Liberia was achieved through a multifaceted approach that encompassed regional diplomacy, the deployment of international peacekeeping forces, and the concerted efforts of organizations such as the United Nations and ECOWAS. However, the experience in Liberia also highlighted the complexities and difficulties encountered during peacekeeping operations, including the need for effective coordination among various actors, addressing root causes of conflict, promoting sustainable governance and development, and ensuring long-term peacebuilding efforts. Therefore, the paper recommends Improving training and support for peacekeeping personnel, strengthening democratic institutions, and promoting good governance, among others, as strategies that will mitigate the challenges and ensure an impactful peacekeeping mission in the future.
Etnofisika Permainan Tradisional Dodorobe Sebagai Pengembangan Bahan Ajar Fisika
Authors: Mahyudin Haryati , Hasan Siti Nahria
Published: December 2024

The purpose of this study is to produce physics teaching materials related to the Dorobe game that are suitable for use by high school students and to find out the students' response to the teaching materials developed. The research was conducted in a small group of 15 students from SMA Negeri 6 Ternate. The method used in this study is a 4D development study which includes four stages, namely definition, design, development, and dissemination through an ethnographic approach to examine the physical concepts contained in the dodorobe game. The data analysis technique in this study is the Likert scale. As a result of this study, the average percentage of physics teaching materials based on evaluation by material expert validators was 72.5%, the average percentage of assessment by media validators was 87.5%, and the students' response to the teaching materials developed based on linguistic, material and appearance aspects was very good with a score of 80.9%. For this reason, physics teaching materials in the traditional game of dodorobe are feasible in the process of learning physics on impulse and momentum materials.
Ortaokul Öğrencilerinin Web Tabanlı Robotik Uygulamalara İlişkin Görüşlerinin ve Deneyimlerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: Mehmet Tellioğu Şıh , Akpınar Ercan
Published: December 2024

Bilişim teknolojileri alanında yapılan ulusal ve uluslararası çalışmalar; STEM, robotik ve kodlamanın giderek daha önemli hale geldiğini ve bu alanda yapılacak eğitimlerin nasıl olması gerektiğine yönelik uygulamaların sınırlı sayıda olduğu göstermektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, robotik kodlama uygulamalarınına yönelik ortaokul öğrencilerinin görüşlerinin incelenmesidir. Araştırma 6. Sınıfa devam eden dokuz öğrenci ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden biri olan durum çalışması kullanılmıştır. Veri toplama aracı olarak yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme, araştırmacı günlüğü kullanılmıştır. Nitel verilerin çözümlenmesinde içerik ve betimsel analiz kullanılmıştır. Nitel veriler sonucunda robotik uygulamaların öğrencilerin eğlenmelerine, keyif almalarına ve mutluluklarına, sosyal ve iletişim becerilerinin gelişmesine, kendi gelişimlerinin farkında olmalarına, başarı duygularının artmasına, öğrenme isteklerinin artmasına ve kendilerine olan güvenlerinin ve tasarım becerilerinin gelişmesine katkı sağladığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Çalışma süreci ve sonuçlar literatür ışında incelendiğinde; robotik etkinliklerinin kodlama eğitimi ile bütünleşmesi ve bu alandaki nitel çalışmaların genişletilmesine yönelik araştırmalar yapılması önerilmektedir.
First Record of Helvella capucina in Türkiye: Morphological and Molecular Characterization
Authors: Aldemir Terman Şuheda , Akçay Mustafa Emre , Dizkırıcı Ayten
Published: December 2024

In the current study, Helvella capucina collected from Hakkari province in Türkiye is described as a new record using morphological and molecular characters. Ascocarp, hymenium, stipe, ascospores, ascus and paraphyses were used as diagnostic morphological characters. Images of microscopic characters, microphotographs of the ascospores, and colour pictures of the ascus in their natural habitats are provided. The species, which is placed in section Elasticae, was characterised by its short-stipitate apothecium and pure white when fresh, drying yellowish stipe. Molecular analysis was also carried out to characterize the new record reliably by using DNA sequences of the heat shock protein 90 (HSP90), RNA polymerase 2 (RPB2) and translation elongation factor 1-alpha (TEF1-α). Additionally, the analyses of the three regions were combined to create a concatenated tree. The multigene phylogenetic position and evolutionary relationships of H. capucina with other species of Helvella in Elasticae were inferred using Bayesian Inferences (BI) of the concatenated dataset. Both morphological and molecular data separated Helvella capucina from its close relatives. Detailed descriptions, colour images of fresh and dried ascomata, along with photographs of microscopic characters and the concatenated phylogenetic tree were provided.
Strategi Peningkatan Kompetensi Literasi Bagi Peserta Didik Kelas V MIN 1 Boyolali Tahun Pelajaran 2023/2024
Authors: Dwi Sovani Rosi
Published: December 2024

This article aims to describe the strategy for improving literacy competence for fifth grade students of MIN 1 Boyolali in the 2023/2024 academic year. The research was conducted using the principles of descriptive qualitative research. The research subjects were the head of madrasah, teachers and students to fulfill the desired data. Data were collected through interviews, documentation and observation. To ensure the validity of the data, the author used triangulation techniques. The results showed that improving literacy competence for students was carried out through several activities. Reading literacy is improved through text reading activities, discussing reading texts and creative writing. Digital literacy is improved through regular visits to the Boyolali Library. The conclusion of this article is that implementing strategies to improve literacy competence can be a fun learning experience and challenge learners' critical and creative thinking.
Kontruksi Budaya Literasi Guru dan Siswa dengan CERIA di MIN 4 Sragen
Authors: Rohmawati Rohmawati
Published: December 2024

The purpose of this scientific work is to find out the culture of literacy that exists at MIN 4 Sragen. How is the application of literacy with CERIA in its daily implementation. What is the meaning of CERIA, literacy culture, the results of the literacy culture of teachers and students with CERIA at MIN 4 Sragen.  This research method uses a type of qualitative research, which is research that aims to gain understanding and understanding of the literacy culture at MIN 4 Sragen. This research includes descriptive research, because it aims to describe certain characteristics, trying to explain and interpret literacy activities at MIN 4 Sragen. The literacy culture at MIN 4 Sragen with CERIA is implemented by teachers and students. All madrasah residents carry out literacy activities both outside the classroom and in the learning process. There are four literacies included in the learning process, namely reading, science, numeracy and socio-cultural literacy. The results of this scientific work conclude that the culture of literacy at MIN 4 Sragen by telling stories through SBC activities, innovative learning by linking learning and four literacies and giving appreciation by publishing books. The results achieved by literacy culture at MIN 4 Sragen are students love to read, are able to understand reading texts, are able to tell stories, recognize various types of literacy and publish books.
THE CONTRIBUTION OF GESHE JAMPA TINLEY TO THEREVIVAL OF BUDDHISM IN TUVA (1993–2023)
Authors: Adygbay Ch. O.
Published: December 2024

The article is devoted to the contribution of the Venerable Geshe Jampa Tinley, Doctor of Buddhist Philosophy, Honorary Professor of Tuvan State University to the revival of Buddhism in Tuva. The beginning of Geshe’s activities in Russia can be traced in a historical retrospective, when His Holiness the 14th Dalai Lama, after arriving in Tuva in 1992, sent his disciple, a heart student, to Russia. The author considers some facts of the biography of Geshe Tinley, the essence of his tireless effort. The main awards received by the monk as a documentary fact of his spiritual and socio-cultural activities and as gratitude from the Tuvan people are represented in the given article.
KARL RAHNER’S ANONYMOUS CHRISTIANITY AND THE THEORY OF TATHATAGARBHA IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF INTERRELIGIOUS DIALOGUE
Authors: Stepanov A. V.
Published: December 2024

The author examines the types of interreligious dialogue, emphasizing that it is based on the diversity of religious experience. The article examines the relationship between Buddhism and Orthodoxy in Eastern Siberia in different historical epochs, which, according to the author, have a polemical character, since both religious traditions consider this territory as a field for missionary activity. The thesis about the importance of cognitive dialogue and comparative theology is put forward. As a basis for the dialogue, the author considers the «anonymous Christianity» of the Catholic German theologian Karl Rahner and the theory of Tathagatagarba, set forth in the Uttaratantra of Arya Asanga. The core thesis put forward by the author contains the idea that interreligious dialogue is an effective tool for implementing the Strategy of the state National Policy of the Russian Federation, in particular, in the region of Eastern Siberia.
THE CONCEPT OF INSTANT ENLIGHTENMENT TON-O-JOM-SU BY THE KOREAN BUDDHIST MASTER POJO CHINUL (1158-1210)
Authors: Britova V. R.
Published: December 2024

The article is devoted to the figure of the Buddhist mentor Pojo Chinul (1158–1210), his place in the Buddhist tradition of Korea and his concept of instant enlightenment ton-o-jeom-su. The personality of the mentor Pojo Chinul had a significant influence on the development of Buddhism in Goryeo, forming a set of rules for Buddhist monasteries, contributing to the formation of the largest Buddhist order in Korea – Chogye. Along with Master Wonhyo (617–686), he is one of the most revered Buddhist masters of medieval Korea. We consider his concept of instant enlightenment ton-o-jeom-su, as well as the stages of formation of this state and the reflection of the influence of Chinese Chan Buddhism.
BUDDHIST TRADITIONAL SANGHA OF RUSSIA IN ECONOMIC AND SOCIO-CULTURAL PRACTICES OF MODERN BURYATIA
Authors: Amogolonova D. D.
Published: December 2024

The paper discusses various aspects of the inclusion of the Buddhist Traditional Sangha of Russia (BTSR) in economic and cultural processes in Buryatia. The author argues that the practical aspects of the BTSR activities are becoming an important factor in improving the social climate of the republic and make a significant contribution to its economic activity. The head of the Sangha Hambo Lama Damba Ayusheev formulates the long-term goal as the preservation of Buryat ethnic identity through returning to traditional livestock farming and the revival of cultural authenticity. For this purpose, BTSR gives priorities to retaining young people in rural areas with full support for agricultural entrepreneurship, regardless of what ethnic group the project participants belong to. The development of culture, primarily the Buryat language and traditional crafts, is also an important component in the thoroughly planned and systematically realized work of the BTSR on ethnocultural revival.
BUDDHIST MONASTERIES IN THE SOCIOCULTURAL CONTEXT OF MODERN CHINA
Authors: Khabdaeva A. K.
Published: December 2024

A Buddhist monastery is not only a religious, but also a social institution that has significant influence in Chinese society. Events in the history of China at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries. had a negative impact on the life of Buddhist monasteries and led to the alienation of Buddhist communities from society. Acquaintance with European spiritual culture provoked a conflict between traditional Chinese and Western moral and ethical values. A huge contribution to the revival of Buddhist monasteries and their return to real life conditions was made by the reformers of Chinese Buddhism Tai Xu and Zhao Puchu. The principles of «humanistic Buddhism» have become a key element of the reformist movement in Chinese Buddhism in modern times. In the sociocultural space of China, the Buddhist monastery has evolved from the «tsunlin» model, where the personal practice of religious experience was taken as the basis, to «humanistic Buddhism» with its idea of integrating social resources. Currently, the Buddhist temple is an active participant in economic and financial relations. The modern monastery complex is not only a religious building, but also an important cultural consumer product. The activities of monasteries adapt to modern sociocultural realities, creating new forms of social interaction using innovative ideas, strategies, and technologies.
BUDDHISM IN THE AGE OF GLOBALIZATION
Authors: Ulanov M.S.
Published: December 2024

The article examines the problem of adapting Buddhism to the modern global world. The author suggests considering Buddhism in the context of the concept of glocalization. In relation to Buddhism, glocalization can mean the adaptation of the Buddhist principle of the «Middle Way» in relation to the processes of globalization, avoiding the extremes of globalization and localization. The «flexibility», pragmatism and tolerance of Buddhism allow it to fit into modern global socio-cultural processes quite organically and painlessly, without losing its traditions and the originality of local forms. The history of Buddhism in recent decades clearly shows that spiritual values and teachings that originated in the East can be globalized, modernized and play an important role in modern society, including Western society. The activities of recognized spiritual leaders play an important role in the process of adapting Buddhism to modern global realities. In the modern world, there is significant interest in traditional Buddhist philosophy and psychophysical practice, which, in particular, has found expression in the dialogue between scientists and Buddhist monks. Today, it is necessary to analyze the experience and potential of Buddhist culture in solving environmental problems. Many environmental activists today have found inspiration and valuable ideas in the Buddhist tradition. At the same time, Buddhists themselves are beginning to play an increasingly important role in the environmental movement. The participation of Buddhist communities in countering the pandemic and in charitable activities has shown that Buddhism is capable of responding to new social challenges.
BUDDHOLOGICAL RESEARCHES OF THE INSTITUTE FOR MONGOLIAN, BUDDHIST AND TIBETAN STUDIES OF THE SB RAS
Authors: Yangutov L.E.
Published: December 2024

The article covers the problems of research of Buddhism, conducted in the Institute of Mongolian, Buddhist and Tibetan Studies. Brief historical background, subjects and characteristics of researches of the Soviet period and modern are given. The content and evaluation of researches conducted in the department of philosophy, cultural and religious studies, as well as in the Center of oriental manuscripts and xylographs are considered. Wide spectrum of Buddhological researches of the Institute is shown, covering history, philosophy, soteriology, psychology, Buddhism of Russia, countries of Central and East Asia, which are conducted on the basis of original sources in Chinese, Tibetan, old written and modern Mongolian, Japanese, Korean languages.
UPAYA-PRAJNA AS A BUDDHIST STRATAGEM IN A CHANGING WORLD
Authors: Erendzhenova Yu.Yu.
Published: December 2024

The article substantiates the hypothesis that in the conditions of a changing world, the Buddhist concept of «upaya-prajna» and the practice of Comprehensive Yoga based on it have a strategic potential for overcoming the problem of uncertainty and sustainable development.
PROBLEMS OF INTEGRATION OF PUBLISHED TRANSLATIONS OF BUDDHIST TEXTS INTO THE ELECTRONIC CORPUS OF THE BURYAT LANGUAGE
Authors: Badmaeva L.D.
Published: December 2024

The work is devoted to the issues of integration of published Buryat translations of Buddhist texts into Buryat Corpus. Problems of preparation of Buddhist texts for their automatic processing in the mainstream of corpus linguistics are considered.
ON THE TENDENCY TO LAOIZATION IN THE RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN BUDDHISM AND TAOISM AT THE TURN OF THE HAN AND WEI DYNASTIE
Authors: Hu Yonghui
Published: December 2024

The article examines the evolution of relations between Buddhism and Taoism, starting from the Han Dynasty to the Wei and Jin Dynasties, which went through three stages: «the alchemy of the Taoist saints Huangdi and Laozi ‒ Laoization ‒ the unification of Laozi and Zhuangzi». Even during the time of the Eastern Han Emperor Huan (132‒168), the form of interaction between Buddhism and Taoism began to shift from the rapprochement of Buddhism with the alchemy of the Taoist sages Huangdi and Laozi to the borrowing and perception of elements of Laoism by Buddhism. The shifts caused by the influence of the alchemy of the Taoist saints Huangdi and Laozi and Laoism find specific expression in the Buddhist translated canons of that time. In the polemics of the three teachings at the turn of the Han and Wei eras, Buddhism, as a rule, responded to the requests and accusations of contemporaries through Laoism, and considered the teachings of Confucius as an internal standard, emphasizing that Buddhism and Confucianism are fundamentally united. At the same time, the expediency of Buddhist theories was substantiated through Laoism, and thereby the doubts of Confucians were dispelled. This phenomenon demonstrates to the very least the fact that Laoism in the eyes of contemporaries could be used as a response to Confucians, and also testifies to its recognition by society. The simultaneous appeal to Laozi and Zhuangzi in the process of translating Buddhist works of the Wei and Jin periods not only demonstrates the popularity of Zhuangzi’s teachings in the Wei and Jin periods, but also indirectly reflects the tendency towards Laoization in the relationship between Buddhism and Taoism. The interaction of Daoism, Xuanxue, and Buddhist Prajna became an important occasion for discussions on ontological issues in the Wei and Jin periods. From this perspective, the tendency toward Laoization in the relationship between Buddhism and Daoism at the turn of the Han and Wei can be seen as a stage preceding the ideological fusion of Xuanxue and Buddhism in the Wei and Jin periods.
POTENTIAL FOR INTERACTION BETWEEN BUDDHIST CENTERS OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors: Zinchenko A.V. , Seitov R.M.
Published: December 2024

The Russian Federation is a multinational state. One of the religions represented in it is Buddhism. As of 2018, the number of Buddhists in the country was estimated at 1,5–2 million people, and the number of Buddhist organizations was 269. Buddhism in the Russian Federation is most widely represented in several regions, including the Republics of Buryatia, Kalmykia, Tuva, Altai, and the Trans-Baikal Territory. These regions are characterized by a variety of practices and schools, and the specifics of interactions both among centers within the country and with foreign Buddhist centers. This article examines the potential for interaction among Buddhist centers in the Russian Federation in areas such as strengthening interfaith and interethnic dialogue, international relations, improving the level of education, and combating destructive sects, using the example of interactions between the Republics of Buryatia, Tuva, and Kalmykia.
CULTURALLY APPROPRIATE EDUCATION: THE ROLE OF BUDDHISM IN SPIRITUAL AND MORAL EDUCATION
Authors: Namzhilova E.S.
Published: December 2024

The subject of the analysis is the inclusion of Buddhist ideas in the system of culturally appropriate education in modern conditions. The article uses materials from monitoring the teaching of the course «Foundations of Buddhist Culture», analytical materials on the school of the Aginsky Buryat District. The author described the problems associated with the selection and teaching of the module «Foundations of Buddhist Culture» and suggested ways to solve them.
The formation features of educational behavior of young preschool children with autism spectrum disorders
Authors: Zaver Tatiana Vladimirovna
Published: December 2024

The article addresses the problem of forming appropriate educational behavior in young preschool children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). The research aims to justify the need for a system of methods and techniques designed to overcome educational behavior disorders in this age group. The research is based on the understanding of ASD as a type of neurological disorder accompanied by impaired sensory integration, consequently affecting a person’s cognitive, communicative, and behavioral functions. The research novelty lies in the generalization of symptoms indicating sensory integration dysfunction in children with ASD and the justification of corrective activities in three areas: social interaction between the child and adults and peers; group work; and the ability to follow established rules. As a result of the research, the author formulates practical recommendations for forming educational behavior, ultimately enabling the inclusion of a child with ASD into a peer group and a successful educational environment.
Poetry of I. D. Vinokurov-Chagylgan: Problems of periodization based on archival sources
Authors: Romanova Lidia Nikolaevna
Published: December 2024

The purpose of the study is to substantiate the periodization of the creative evolution of the Yakut poet I. D. Vinokurov-Chagylgan on the basis of archival sources. The article describes the archival fund of the poet, stored in the Manuscript Department of the archive of the Yakut Scientific Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, defines the stages of poetic creativity based on the identification of handwritten autographs of the most significant works. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the fact that the Chagylgan manuscript archive fund is being introduced into scientific circulation for the first time. This is the first attempt to present a systematic periodization of the main stages of Chagylgan's formation as a poet. Also, for the first time in the history of Yakut literature, an approach was applied to distinguish the concept of "writer's archive" as a source of studying his heritage. As a result of the research, the main stages of Chagylgan's creative evolution in the diachronic aspect are established, the most significant works that marked a new period in its development are identified. At the same time, some features of the poet's work on individual texts have been identified, from the draft autograph to the final version.
The image of Innokenty (Veniaminov) in the "documentary narrative" by T. I. Gladkikh: Forms of fictionalization of historical material
Authors: Alexandrova-Osokina Olga Nikolaevna
Published: December 2024

The purpose of the study is to identify the forms of fictionalization of historical material in the "documentary narrative" by T. I. Gladkikh. The scientific novelty of the work is determined by the appeal to the problems of Far Eastern literature, which is poorly represented in modern literary studies, as well as the choice of the subject and methodology of the study: the activities of St. Innocent are well covered in historical and historical-religious literature, but there are no literary works examining the experience of artistic interpretation of his image. As a result of the analysis, the forms of fictionalization of historical material related to the image of Innokenty Veniaminov (psychologism, reinterpretation of epistolary, memoir, documentary sources) have been identified and described; the value-semantic content of the work under consideration has been traced. The article substantiates the idea that literary interpretation contributes to the conceptualization of historical material: the image of the saint is revealed as a conceptual symbol of national culture, and the geography of his activities in Alaska and the Amur region, reflected in the work, contributes to the formation of a frontier chronotope of the Far Eastern text of Russian literature.
Texts as a source of formation of the conceptual sphere (using the concept CUBE as an example)
Authors: Voronets Maria Vladimirovna
Published: December 2024

Using the concept CUBE as an example, the article examines the problem of sources of formation of the conceptual sphere. The aim of the study is to establish the influence of texts about Cuba on the formation of an appropriate image among native speakers of Russian linguistic culture. Thus, the work was carried out at the intersection of cognitive and corpus linguistics. The scientific novelty lies in obtaining experimentally proven data on the standardization of the concept CUBE in the minds of native speakers of Russian linguoculture, which allows us to assume a high degree of typification of concepts formed on the basis of indirect experience. For a more complete understanding of the functioning of the lexeme "Cube" in Russian-language texts, contexts from different subcorps of the National Corpus of the Russian language are considered: the main (subcorpus "Artistic texts"), newspaper (Central media) and "Social networks". As a result of the analysis of the functioning of the lexeme in "Cube" various contexts, many semantic intersections between Russian-language texts and respondents' reactions, a certain set of stamps, were revealed. However, there is no reason to assert that the image of Cuba among native speakers of Russian linguoculture was formed under the influence of the relevant texts, rather, the coincidences are due to the same knowledge base. Thus, during the experiment, reactions were obtained that were not reflected in the analyzed texts, and, on the contrary, topics were found in the texts that were not represented in any way in the respondents' responses.
Translation specificity in the field of craft tourism: Communicative and functional approach (based on the Russian and English languages)
Authors: Mamedov Said Zaurovich
Published: December 2024

The study is aimed at determining the relevance of using the tactics of reproducing stylistic characteristics of the text, tactics of pragmatic adaptation, as well as the tactics of correct information processing within the framework of the strategy of communicatively equivalent translation when translating texts in the field of craft-tourism. The examples of translations of texts of the above-mentioned type with subsequent analysis confirming the applicability of the above-mentioned strategy and tactics aimed at its implementation in translating texts in the field of craft-tourism from Russian into English and Italian are discussed in the article. The scientific novelty of the study is that for the first time, based on the material of the Russian, Italian and English languages, the principle of translating within the framework of communicative situations in the craft-tourism industry from the point of view of a communicative and functional approach to translation, taking into account pragmatic factors such as the goals pursued by communicants and their national and cultural characteristics, as well as the peculiarities of the terminology used in the above-mentioned field is described. A set of translation tactics used for implementing the chosen strategy in each communicative situation, in particular, the tactics of pragmatic adaptation and the tactics of correct information processing within the framework of a strategy of communicatively-equivalent translation for confirming its applicability (based on the material of the Russian and English languages) is also proposed. The result shows the following: due to the necessity not only to translate a text of the mentioned type from one language to another, but also to adapt it to a foreign recipient (in this case, a foreign tourist), based on the national and cultural characteristics, as well as the norms of terminology formation in Russian and English, the above-mentioned translation tactics within the framework of the strategy of communicatively-equivalent translation are considered to be applicable.
A model for teaching professional dialogue to foreign students of medical universities based on student mobile video technology
Authors: Prosvirkina Irina Ivanovna , Frolova Anastasia Mikhailovna
Published: December 2024

The purpose of the study is to develop a model for teaching professional dialogue to foreign medical students using student mobile video technology, on the basis of which it is possible to reconstruct the programs of language disciplines focused on preparing for communication during clinical practice. The article describes the structure and components of the model of teaching professional dialogue to foreign medical students, which is designed using student mobile video technology. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the fact that, based on competency-based, communicative, scenario-strategic, personal, ethnomethodic and systematic approaches, a model of teaching professional dialogue to international students using a new technology of student mobile video is created. This model can be used to organize the language and speech training of future doctors for clinical practice. As a result, it was determined that the model includes target, content, organizational, control and evaluation blocks. The target module covers the list of skills to be developed (formulation of questions, building a dialogue strategy, using verbal and non-verbal means in a specific communication situation) necessary for teaching a medical student professional dialogue in Russian as a foreign language classes. The content block consists of a description of the educational material that forms a professional medical worldview, communicative and ethnosociocultural competencies, as well as the ability to further analyze an organized dialogue. The procedural block is represented by a description of pedagogical conditions, approaches, and the identification of genres of student mobile video technology relevant for this stage of education, contributing to the formation of professional dialogical communication. The control and evaluation stage is represented by three components, each of which is aimed at determining the verification of the level of formation of those competencies that are necessary for a foreign medical student during dialogical communication throughout clinical practice.
The conceptual sphere of "Life" of the semantic space of Bashkir folk songs
Authors: Melnikova Ekaterina Alexandrovna , Posnova Elena Nikolayevna , Murzagulova Rosalina Rasulevna
Published: December 2024

The purpose of the study is to identify the content of the conceptual sphere "life" of the semantic space of Bashkir folk songs. The article substantiates the methodology of presenting the conceptual sphere of "life" of Bashkir folk songs. The paper highlights the concepts that form the microenvironment and the macroenvironment of "life" of the semantic space of Bashkir folk songs, reconstructs and describes the model of the conceptual sphere "life". The scientific novelty lies in the reconstruction of the "life" conceptual sphere model of the semantic space of Bashkir folk songs, which makes it possible to describe the concepts of the macroenvironment and microenvironment that structure people's views on the world and their own existence. As a result of the study, it was found that the microenvironment of the conceptual sphere "Life" of the semantic space of Bashkir folk songs is represented by the concepts of "life of Orenburg Bashkirs", "nature", "love", and "fate of Bashkir girls". The macroenvironment of the "life" conceptual sphere of the semantic space of Bashkir folk songs is realized through the concepts of "life during historical events", "rural life", "religion and rituals". Modeling of the conceptual sphere of "life" made it possible to identify the national and cultural features of human cognitive activity.
Active processes in the morphological system of the modern Russian journalistic style: Innovations and archaisms
Authors: Ahmed Atieah Elatik
Published: December 2024

The aim of the study is to establish trends in the use of innovative and archaic morphological forms in the aspect of productive processes in the modern Russian language using the example of the journalistic style. The scientific novelty of the study is that it provides the first description of trends in the development of the morphological system of the modern Russian language in terms of the use of linguistic innovations and archaisms at the morphological level in the journalistic style, which reflect tendencies in the manifestation of analytical features in the language. The study established that the modern Russian language demonstrates stable analytical tendencies, which are determined by the penetration of non-literary forms into the literary language, which ultimately reduces the number of morphemes. In the course of describing the linguistic material selected from the texts of the modern Russian journalistic style, the following analytical trends were identified: 1) a decrease in the number of cases; 2) simplification of the declension paradigm of nouns; 3) an increase in the use of unchangeable nouns and adjectives, reflecting the tendency to use abbreviations; 4) an increase in the importance of nouns with a common gender. The study showed that the modern Russian language in the journalistic style demonstrates analytical tendencies expressed in a decrease in the number of cases, simplification of declension of nouns, an increase in the use of unchangeable parts of speech and an increase in the importance of nouns of common gender, which leads to a decrease in the number of morphemes.
The conceptual opposition SILENCE – EMPTY TALK in the Artistic space of Zakhar Prilepin's novel "The Monastery": A cognitive and semantic aspect
Authors: Glazkova Marina Mikhailovna
Published: December 2024

The article is devoted to the study of the structural features and artistic functionality of the mental concepts SILENCE and EMPTY TALK, identifying the subframes that form synonymous paradigms with them and are included in their conceptual fields. The purpose of the research is to verify the truth of the hypothesis about the dynamism of the axiologically significant concept SILENCE for the spirituality of society, which formed a structured system based on the conceptual opposition of SILENCE and empty words; about the polyfunctionality of the opposition of SILENCE and empty words in the artistic space of the work. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the fact that for the first time Zakhar Prilepin's novel "The Monastery" is studied from the point of view of the basic concept of SILENCE and its opposite, the concept of EMPTY TALK, in terms of cultural and historical development and mental characteristics of Russian society. The article analyzes the concept SILENCE, taking into account the entire complex of cognitive and mental features; the content of its primary meaning is revealed; the connotations of the poles of the stated antinomic opposition and its functions are analyzed. Based on the analysis carried out, the following results were obtained: the actual meaning of the concept SILENCE, which is semantically close to the concept REPENTANCE, considered as a means of achieving holiness, undergoes a semantic mutation, being transformed through historical connotations (the meaning of the word "silence" as an expression of pride or narrow-mindedness) into the opposition of EMPTY TALK (in the meaning of ideological propaganda). Since the novel "The Monastery" has a thematically unified cultural and historical situation associated with the structurally complex concept of SILENCE, organized as a set of hierarchically arranged and interacting metaphorical elements, the opposition of SILENCE and empty talk can be attributed to the frame structure. The conceptual opposition of SILENCE and EMPTY TALK is used by the writer to create a system of images and to form the main idea of the work related to the search for the causes of the spiritual crisis of Russian society at the beginning of the twentieth century.
Immunogenicity analysis of a composition of inactivated human rotavirus A strains in mice following immunisation
Authors: Kovrizhko M. V. , Kolpakova E. P. , Kolpakov D. S. , Tverdokhlebova T. I. , Kurbatov E. S.
Published: December 2024

INTRODUCTION. Currently, rotavirus infection is prevented with live attenuated vaccines. However, international and Russian vaccination practices, as well as the physiological characteristics of paediatric patients, necessitate the development of inactivated rotavirus vaccines. Prerequisites for the development of such vaccines are the availability of virus strains capable of stable replication and the selection of optimal inactivation conditions providing for the required antigenicity and immunogenicity levels.

AIM. This study aimed to evaluate and compare the characteristics of the rotavirus-specific immune response to native strains and to a composition of inactivated rotavirus A strains in a mouse model.

MATERIALS AND METHODS. The study used human rotavirus A strains (RRV-4, RRV-5, RRV-6, and RRV-7), a standard rotavirus strain (SA-11 NVC 2364, National Virus Collection of the Russian Federation), and cultures of pig embryo kidney cells treated with Versene solution (SPEV) and Vero cells. Virus titration was used to determine the infectivity of the strains grown in Vero cells maintained in continuous culture. The authors monitored infected cell cultures up to the onset of the cytopathic effect, calculated the 50% tissue culture infectious dose (TCID50) by the Kärber method modified by Ashmarin, and expressed the results as log10 TCID50/mL. Virus strains were inactivated with formaldehyde. To evaluate immuno­genicity, outbred white mice were immunised with native strains and the composition of inactivated strains (RRV-4, RRV-5, RRV-6, and RRV-7). After immunisation, blood was taken from the animals, and the serum titre of rotavirus A antibodies was determined by indirect heterogeneous enzyme immunoassay.

RESULTS. The infectivity of the rotavirus strains adapted to Vero cells ranged from 8.9 to 7.9 log10 TCID50/mL. When selecting inactivation conditions, the authors showed that inactiva­tion occurred at a temperature of 37 °C and a formaldehyde concentration of 0.05–0.025% (depending on the duration of treatment). The antigenicity analysis demonstrated that the antigen titre of the inactivated strain composition (1:16) was lower than that of native strains (1:32–1:64). The authors demonstrated comparability of immunogenicity profiles of the inacti­vated strain composition and native strains in mice.

CONCLUSIONS. The study generated candidate rotavirus A strains that exhibited stable replica­tion in continuous cultures of Vero cells. The authors selected optimal inactivation conditions for these rotavirus strains and developed an inactivated strain composition showing antigenicity and immunogenicity. The presented data suggest that the composition of inactivated rotavirus A strains can be considered as a basis for further development of an inactivated rotavirus vaccine.
Potency evaluation of erythropoietin products: current status
Authors: Gaiderova L. A. , Alpatova N. A. , Lysikova S. L. , Guskov A. M. , Golovinskaya O. V.
Published: December 2024

INTRODUCTION. Given the widespread clinical use of recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEPO) products from different manufacturers, potency assays should ensure that patients receive comparable doses of rhEPO across medicinal products. The harmonisation of approaches to potency testing requires the use of pharmacopoeial bioassays and appropriate international/pharmacopoeial reference standards (RSs).

AIM. This study aimed to summarise information on pharmacopoeial requirements, relevant RSs, and bioassays (in vivo and in vitro) for the assessment of rhEPO potency, as well as to analyse the pharmacopoeial compliance of manufacturers’ specifications for rhEPO products authorised in Russia.

DISCUSSION. This article presents information on the molecular structure of erythropoietin. The glycosylation profile of erythropoietin not only accounts for most of the differences in the half-life and biodegradation rate but also significantly influences the potency of rhEPO products. The authors outlined the pharmacopoeial requirements for potency assays in vivo, summarised the information on RSs for potency determination, characterised the development of potency assays in vitro, and studied the possibility of including in vitro assays in pharmacopoeias. The analysis showed that some potency assays used for rhEPO products manufactured in Russia did not comply with the requirements of the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation.

CONCLUSIONS. The study identified the need to develop and certify a national pharmacopoeial RS for the potency of rhEPO in order to satisfy the demands of Russian manufacturers in the context of import substitution. To implement adequate 3R-compliant methods for rhEPO quality assessment, it is necessary to harmonise approaches to potency testing of rhEPO products and develop a consolidated document governing such testing.
Сравнительная оценка спектрофотометрического определения тритерпеновых соединений в надземной части шалфея эфиопского (Salvia aethiopis L.)
Authors: Крымова Анна Александровна , Попова Ольга Ивановна , Попов Иван Викторович
Published: December 2024

В настоящее время терапевтический интерес представляют растения, в химическом профиле которых присутствуют тритерпеновые сапонины. Отмечается их эффективность в лечении заболеваний сердца и сосудов, новообразований различного генеза. Однако методики их количественного определения немногочисленны, в большинстве своем трудоемки и длительны. Целью исследования являлось сравнительное экспериментальное определение тритерпеновых соединений в траве шалфея эфиопского (Salvia aethiopis L.). Наличие тритерпеновых соединений подтверждали методом тонкослойной хроматографии. Количественное определение проводили спектрофотометрически по двум альтернативным методикам. Содержание тритерпеновых соединений в пересчете на олеаноловую кислоту в траве шалфея эфиопского составило 1,241 ± 0,002 % (методика № 1) и 1,083 ± 0,002 % (методика № 2). Сравнительный анализ двух используемых методик показал сопоставимость результатов.
Conceptual Approaches to Studying Partnerships in Foreign Ecosystem Theory
Authors:   Amur State University, Yakimova V. A.
Published: December 2024

Ecosystem theory offers new perspectives for understanding the behavior of economic agents, their relationships, and the conditions for coordinating interests. This study focuses on the partnerships that emerge between participants in ecosystems. The article aims to review key approaches and synthesize theoretical contributions by Russian and international researchers that advance ecosystem theory. The study addresses several objectives: identifying the prerequisites for the emergence of ecosystem theory and its distinctions from related concepts like entrepreneurial communities; analyzing the structure and main components of ecosystems; exa­mining the motives for partnerships and cooperation; and explaining the dynamics of co-opetition (simultaneous cooperation and competition) and informal relationships within ecosystems. Methodologically, the study relies on content analysis of research literature, synthesis of economic theories, grouping of concepts, and development of ecosystem models. The findings highlight unique properties of ecosystems, such as heterogeneity, complementarity, affiliation, modularity, emergence, coevolution, and adaptability. Key rules governing complementarity are outlined, and partnership motives are categorized into four approaches: resource, technologi­cal, transactional, and market. The study further elucidates the nature of co-opetition, its characteristics, and the patterns governing formal and informal contracts between ecosystem participants. This study contributes to ecosystem theory by formulating new theoretical approaches and integrating economic concepts to enhance understanding. The findings lay the groundwork for a comprehensive theory, guiding future research and validating the proposed hypotheses. Future directions include typologizing partnerships, exploring conflict resolution in co-opetition, evaluating its effects on ecosystem dynamics, and devising mechanisms to coordinate participants’ interests.
Exploring Consumers’ Locavorism Through the Lens of Attitude: Empirical Study of Myanmar Market
Authors: Htet Atar Thaung
Published: December 2024

As a growing concept of consumer ideology, locavorism is a well-known topic in consumer research. The preference for local food consumption is a crucial issue that is actively discussed at the stage of consumer and sociology research from different perspectives. Therefore, this study explores the locavorism of consumers through the lens of attitudes in Myanmar. There were two specific research objectives in this study: 1) to analyze the effect of locavorism on consumers’ attitudes in the Myanmar market and 2) to examine the effect of attitude on consumers’ purchase intention in the Myanmar market. This study mainly used an explanatory research approach. For data collection, a survey method was employed in this study. For the hypotheses testing, descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression were applied as the major data analysis techniques in this study. According to the result of the empirical analysis, only one of the three attributes of locavorism has a positive and significant effect on attitude. Moreover, attitudes have a positive and significant effect on purchase intentions. Based on the research findings, some major recommendations for both literature and the practical world are made in this study. Among them, local food brands should promote their brand identity by identifying how the consumption of local foods develops the local community economy, as well as in their marketing campaigns. Finally, creating positive attitudes toward local foods that well shape highly intentions to buy local foods because attitudes and purchase intentions are positively related.