bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Molecular Diagnosis of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia & Monitoring Response to Different Types of Treatment
Authors: Al-Thwaini AminaNimma , Abdul-Sahib Manal Ali , Al-Qasim Aladdin Mudhafar Zubair
Published: November 2021

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is one of leukemia types which account for 15 % to 20% of all leukemia cases. Patients are presented with splenomegaly, fever, anemia, fatigue, weight loss, and weakness. It is results from reciprocal translocation (9; 22).This abnormality is called Philadelphia (Ph) chromosome and it is detected in 95% of patients with CML, and in 20% of patients with Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia (ALL). "Imatinibmesylate” is the most widely used drug for CML treatment because it targets the abnormal fusion gene. Blood samples were collected from (39) CML patients (19 males and 20 females) from July - November 2009 in The NationalCenter of Hematology/Baghdad. The age range were(8 – 70) years. According to the real time PCR results; the patients were divided into four groups: 1) PCR negative group. 2) PCR positive group on Hydroxyurea treatment 3) PCR positive group on Gleevec® treatment 4) PCR positive group with no treatment (recently diagnosed).Patients were selected randomly. Their RNA was extracted from peripheral blood cells and reverse transcribed into cDNA which was amplified using real time PCR to measure the ratio of BCR-ABL fusion gene in their Philadelphia chromosome. This is to confirm the diagnosis and evaluate the response to the most widely used drugs for CML treatment (Gleevec® 400 mg/d and hydroxyurea 450 mg/d for two months at least). This study excluded CML diagnosis in 10 patients, so other myeloproliferative disorders need to be verified. The group treated with Gleevec® showed a better response than hydroxyurea at the molecular level.Key words: leukemia, chronic myeloid leukemia, polymerase chain reaction, real time PCR, BCR-ABL, quantitative PCR, hydroxyurea, imatinibmesylate, Philadelphia chromosome, tyrosine kinase.
Study of Some Parameters to Evaluate Immunization against Leishmaniasis in Golden hamsters
Authors: Al-Shanawi Fawzia A. , Al-Warid Harith S.
Published: November 2021

Incubation period, smears, impression and parasite culture for each liver, spleen, foot and blood were observed along five times follow up (15,30, 45, 60, 75, 90) days after challenge infection with virulent Leishmania tropica isolate in four groups of golden hamsters, inoculated with (one, two, three) doses of different antigens as following: Group (1) inoculated with autoclaved killed Leishmania tropica, Group (2) inoculated with BCG vaccine alone while Group (3) Inoculated with mixed vaccines (autoclaved killed Leishmania + BCG) and (4) control animals inoculated with phosphate buffer saline. Group 3, was considered as the best vaccine in this study because animal inoculated with this vaccine showed the following results compared with other antigens: - No lesion appeared along 90 days of following up.- Negative foot impression and culture up to 15 and 30 days of infection respectively, - Negative spleen and liver impression up to 30 days of infection when comparing with other groups.
Cytogenetic study of the pure Resveratrol extracted from grape skin on normal peripheral human blood lymphocytes
Authors: Mohammed Zainab Y. , Al-Jumaily Essam F. , Yaseen Nahi Y.
Published: November 2021

his study was conducted with the aim to extract and purify a polyphenolic compound “Resveratrol” from black grapes skin Vitis vinifera cultivated in Iraq. The pure extracted resveratrol has been employed for a cytogenetic evaluation on the normal human blood lymphocytes and revealed that the substance reduced significantly the mitotic action of the mutagen (PHA). The results of the cytogenetic study suggested that the substance appeared to have potent antimitotic and antiblastic cell formation.
Effect of lead acetate injection into pregnant mice on the testis function of their male offspring at puberty
Authors: F. Nisreen Khazal , Sodani Ibtisam J. , Al-Juboori Basima M.
Published: November 2021

the study aimed to follow up the effects of injection lead acetate into pregnant females on the testicular development and semen quality of their male births at puberty time. Forty mature female Swiss Webster mice (8-10) weeks old were divided into two equal groups (experimental and control). After mating with fertile males, the pregnant females injected intraperitoneally with 0.1 mg/kg of body weight of lead acetate from the first day of gestation and continued throughout the gestation period 20 days. While the control groups were injected by the same dose and rout of injection with normal saline. At parturition, numbers of the neonate were recorded. After six weeks the male births only isolated and weighted then mated with normal fertile females to evaluate their fertility through assessing their birth rate, then sacrificed to get their testes; each testis was weighted and the left one was fixed, then histological sections with a thickness of 5 microns were prepared. The epididymis was minced with warm normal saline to get a spermatozoal suspension to evaluate the sperm concentration, sperm motility, and abnormal sperm morphology and sperm viability. Results showed a highly significant decrease in the body and testicular weights of experimental male animals. A highly significant reduction in their birth rate after mating with normal partners was recorded together with a significant inverse changes in all semen parameters.
Yeast extracts production from Whey by utilization of local isolate Kluyveromyces marxianus
Authors: AL-Bayar Aswan H. A. , Selman Nadia H. , AL-Rawi Akram T.
Published: November 2021

local isolated Kluyveromyces marxianus from local sources (yoghurt) was used for yeast extract production. Optimum conditions of chemical and physical properties of this isolate were identified for the optimal growth and biomass production, so the optimum temperature and pH were 30C, 5.0, respectively, the speed of shaker incubator was 200 rpm, the inoculum size was 1×106 CFU/ml. The optimum fermentation medium was included the non-protein whey which fortified with 10% lactose, 0.2% (NH4)2HPO4, 2% Na2HPO4 and 2% of heated hydrolyzed yeast, the obtained biomass was about 0.52 g/100 ml, fermentation efficiency was 16.7%.The produced biomass under optimum conditions referred above was applied for yeast extract production by using sonicator and electric vacuum oven for drying the biomass. The chemical composition of the resulted yeast extract was: 50% protein, 31.6% total carbohydrate, 6.8% glucan, 5.4% moisture. The resulted yeast extract was involved in the composition of some culture media, and comprised with standard yeast extract. The growth yield in these media which was determent by measuring optical density was estimated to those of media with standard yeast extract, which were 0.539, 0.552 respectively in MRS and 1.05, 1.15 respectively in Davis's yeast salt broth.
Study the effect of the mixture alcoholic extract of Peganum harmala seeds and cones of Cupressus sempervirens and their effect on viability of protoscolices of Echinococcus granulosus in vivo
Authors: Baker Noor Nihad , AL-Shanawi Fawzia Ahmed
Published: November 2021

this study included the using of the mixture of alcoholic extract Peganum harmala seeds and cones of Cupressus sempervirens at concentrations (1+50) mgml. And then experimentation on the mice injected with protoscolices and its comparison with the mice injected with only protoscolices (as positive control group), and the mice injected with normal saline (as negative control) to investigate the effect of plant mixture in vivo, it appeared of getting the reduction of hydatid cyst with percentage 100% in processed group with the mixture compared with positive group as its absence of the hydatid cyst in processed group. The lowering significantly occurred in the averages of the weights of the liver and spleen and the averages of its distension in processed groups and about of the positive group and which was approach to the negative group. Also study the tissular changes occurred in the liver and spleen, in the liver it occurred of changes in the liver cell and increase in the number of the kupffer cell as a defensive in the processed group were less than what it appeared in the positive control, but the spleen, it appeared the dilation of the whit pulp and the appearance of the cell composing of the hemic platelets (megakaryocyte cells) in the mice processed in comparison with negative control. These changes were of less acuity in the group processed. Thus from the results of this study at appeared the possibility of using the mixture in vivo in successful and safe way by it a capability of initiating the immunity system to the inhibition of the protoscolices and prevent the development of the secondary hydatid cyst in vivo without causing the negative side effect.
Effect of Citrullus colocynthis on some physiological aspects of female reproductive system in mice as a model for mammals
Authors: Al-Dujaily Saad S. , Hassan Ali H. , Aziz Fitua M. , Mahdi Akram F. , Al Essawe Essraa M. A.
Published: November 2021

The study was design to investigate the effect of oral administration of Citrullus colocynthis (CC) on some physiological and histological characters of female reproductive organs in mature mice of Swiss albino strain as a model for mammals. The animals were divided into three groups each contains 8 animals. Group one was treated with 6 mg/ Kg body weight BW/ day of alcoholic extract of CC, group two was treated with 9.6 mg/ Kg BW/day of alcoholic extract of CC and group three served as control throughout eight weeks period. The results of the study showed no significant (P>0.05) difference in the ovarian and uterine weight among groups. Significant (P<0.05) differences were shown in ovarian activity in control and group one compared to group two. The number of corpura lutea was highly significant (P<0.01) improved in group one than that of control group. The number of pregnant females was 50% in group one and control group. However the females treated with 6 mg/ Kg BW/ day of alcoholic extract of CC were gave a significant (P<0.01) results in the number of litters when compared with control group. It is concluded from the present research that treating with limiting dose of CC may accelerated the action of ovarian activity and resulted in improvement in the number of litters.
Determination of the optimum conditions for Gelatinase production from local isolate Enterococcus faecalis B91
Authors: Aziz Ghazi M. , Hussien Sahar I.
Published: November 2021

A total of 70 isolates belonged to Enterococcus faecalis collected from different clinical sources : (29 urine sample, 22 stool sample, 9 blood sample, 1 vagina sample, 2 sputum sample, 1 pleural fluid sample, 1 peritoneal fluid sample and 5 wounds sample). Seven isolates were able to produce gelatinase since they were able to liquefied the gelatin medium and clear zone were observed around the bacterial growth after floating the plate with freizer's reagent. Enterococcus faecalis B91 was higher producer of gelatinase in submerged culture by using Yeast extract gelatin Medium. Optimization study revealed that fructose was the best carbon source at 2.5% and 1% gelatin as inducible source to production the enzyme and inoculum size 1x109 cfu/ml at initial pH7, incubated for 24 hours at 40°C by using shaking incubator at 150 rpm.
Evaluation of SDS-Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and immunostrip technique for detection of Tobacco mosaic virus and Cucumber mosaic virus in IRAQ
Authors: Al-Ani Rakib A. , Adhab Mustafa A.
Published: November 2021

his study was carried out to evaluate the efficiency of electrophoresis on SDS- poly acrylamide slap gel and immunostrip techniques for detection of Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV, genus Tobamovirus) and Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV, genus Cucumovirus, family Bromoviridae), compared with symptoms on diagnostic plants for the two viruses. The results obtained showed that the two methods were effective. The analysis of samples of purified CMV, total proteins from infected cucumber plants, and extracts from infected plants with or without chlorophyll, by electrophoresis on 10% polyacrylamide slap gel containing 0.1% SDS showed two bands of 24 and 26 kd in size, and absent in samples of total protein or extracts of healthy plants. These two proteins represent the coat protein (CP) of CMV. In addition, one 18 kd protein band appeared on SDS- polyacrylamide gel profile which represent the CP of TMV, when samples of purified virus, total protein of infected plants, and plant extracts with or without chlorophyll were analyzed. This band was absent in similar samples from healthy plants. The test of immunostrip specific for CMV showed positive reaction with extracts from melon, cucumber, winter squash, and zucchini infected plants. Similarly, a positive reaction with immunostrip specific for TMV appeared with extracts from tobacco, tomato infected with TMV. No reaction was obtained with healthy plants extract. These results were similar to those obtained from indicator plants for the two viruses.
Rooting of Crataegus Japan L. in vitro using IBA
Authors: Al-Aubaidi H. K. M.
Published: November 2021

Shoots of Crataegus japan L. were propagated in vitro and cultured on half strength MS medium supplemented with different concentrations of IBA (0, 1, 2, 3, 4) mg/L. They were incubated at controlled conditions. Observations were recorded weekly for eight weeks. Results showed that the addition of IBA at 2 mg/L gave the highest percent of rooting reached 50% after six weeks from culturing. Addition of IBA to the medium increased the mean number of roots and the mean fresh and dry weight of the roots.
Extraction of Catechin from green tea plants Camellia sinensis
Authors: Nasser Nazar E. , Al-abdli Yasir A. J. , Al-Jumaily Essam F. A.
Published: November 2021

Catechin was extracted from green tea Camellia sinensis by using liquid-liquid chromatography. Extraction was done using hot water and then fractionation of the extract in two-stages first mixed with chloroform; the aqueous layer was taken and the second step mixed with ethyl acetate to remove all the apolar compounds and dark brown colour substance was obtained nonviscous and this was supposed to be catechin compound. Catechin has been diagnosed by using chemical reagent; thin layer chromatography (TLC) and the relative front (Rf) was 0.92 when using the mobile phase acetic acid: chloroform (9:1). The melting point has reached 120oC. The catechin was conducted by the use of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and was diagnosed by FTIR spectrum.
Optimal Conditions For Production Acidic D-Xylanase By Aspergillus niger in Submerged Fermentation
Authors: Abdulatif Muhamed Omar , Assmaeel Hyder H. , Obeid Raghad kadhim , Abbas Ayat Adnan
Published: November 2021

he Xylanase producing strain Aspergillus niger was isolated from soil on potato dextrose agar in the presence of xylan as its first substrate for primary isolation, and then grown under liquid medium fermentation in the presence of crude xylan (rice husk) to produce D-Xylanase. the optimum conditions were determined as follows: the Optimum pH for xylanase production was found pH 5.0, xylanase was induced by xylan (rice husk) 0.1% and the production was (61.221 U/ml) and nitrogen source Yeast extract recorded highest enzyme production( 89.71 U/ml), and repressed by carbon source xylose the highest enzyme production (88.69 U/ml). The optimum temperature was 40°с for xylanase production was (35.15 U/ml), the optimum period after 7 days of incubation was (52.33 U/ml) ,the optimum substrate concentration 0.1% was (45.95 U/ml), and the optimum inoculum size was 1 x 106 (spore /ml) recorded (57.19 U/ml ).
Determination of some Virulence Factors of Pasteurella multocia isolated from Human and Farm Animals infections
Authors: Abdul-Hadi Safaa , Shobar Ismail K. , AL-jubori Sawsan S.
Published: November 2021

Twenty one Isolates of Pasteurella multocida were obtained from different clinical specimens of human and farm animals' infections. Human specimens included wounds swabs taken after cats and dog's bits beside the urine and sputum samples. The animal samples were nasal swabs and blood samples taken from chattels, also the poultry tissues of infected chicken with fowl cholera were collected. Bacterial isolates were isolated using Pasteurella multocida selective agar (PMSA) then identified doing different morphological, biochemical tests followed by api 20E diagnosis. The ability of the bacterial isolates to produce different virulence factors were studied, 18 isolates 85.7% were able to produce Lipase enzyme. Results of pathogenicity study on Lab. animals (mice) showed that there were 9 highly virulent isolates among the 21 (42.8%). The killing time was in between (10-24) hrs after injected the mice’s intraperitoneally. Some of the isolates showed their ability to produce the dermonecrotic toxin and the positive result appeared as highly purulent, dermonecrotic lesions after injection Genia pig intradermally. Results of antibiotic sensitivity test revealed that there were considerable variations in isolates susceptibility. Some of the isolates were highly resisted most of the used antibiotics while others were not. The crude bacterial extract from PMA20 isolate was tested to determine its ability to stimulate human lymphocytes division in vitro, results showed that the extract was able to stimulate cells division when the mitotic index was 1.2% as compared with the positive control.
A comparative study among clinical and environmental isolates of Vibrio cholerae at their antibiotic
Authors: Al- Thwani A. N. , Al- Khafaji K. A.
Published: November 2021

in this study, the comparison of the antibiogram and molecular level among different serotype of clinical and environmental isolates of V. cholerae was done. Antibiogram of five clinical and three environmental isolates showed high susceptibility to all tested antibiotics, but non-O1 serotype had Ampicilin resistant. Plasmid profile screening revealed that V. cholerae O1 isolates and non-O1 Dial131 had no small size plasmid while non-O1 ab, 1J, 1R harbored three different small size plasmids with different appearance profile, two mega plasmids detected in the O1 isolate and only one mega plasmid resolute in non-O1 clinical and environmental isolates.
Isolation and identification of motile Aeromonas spp.from different sources
Authors: Yousif Samira Y. , Al-Khalidi Rasha Abid Ali
Published: November 2021

Total of 507 samples (clinical, environmental, food) were collected from different hospitals in Baghdad, water, soil, and different food stuffs. Biochemical and morphological characterization tests showed that seventeen isolates were identified as Aeromonas spp.These were farther characterized as Aeromonas hydrophila 10 isolates, Aeromonas sobria 2 isolates, Aeromonas eucrenophila 3 isolates, one isolate belongs to Aeromonas caviae and another one belongs to Aeromonas schubertii. Antibiotic susceptibility tests of all the isolates towards fifteen antibiotics agents were carried out and results showed that all isolates 100% were resistant to penicillin, ampicillin, ampiclox, 99% were resistant to lincomycin, 76.7% to cephalothin, 52.9% to cefotaxime. All isolates except one isolate of Aeromonas eucrenophila were sensitive to meropenem.
Effect of magnetic saline irrigation water with different gausses on the growth and yield of two tomato varieties grown in desert land
Authors: Farris A. SH. , Khalaf A. H. , Hassan A. Z.
Published: November 2021

This experiments was conducted in plastic house of ahached guiding center/Karbala during the growing season of 2008-2009. Soil texture was sandy loam. The purpose was to study the effect of magnetic well water of different gausses (1000, 1250, 1750) G on the cultivars grown and yield components of two tomato Varieties (Shrouq and Locas). The RCBD with three replications was used. Results showed that the irrigated with magnetized water with 1750G was superior in number of fruit/ plant, fruit weigh, fruit diameter, number of shoots, Plant height, leaves area, leaves length, these characters were significantly increased for both cultivars. On the other hand there was significant impact of the treatment on the yield.
Influence of Heat Stress on Development of Chick Embryo (in ovo)
Authors: Al-Kharusi Ahlam , Al-Mahrouqi Sumaya , Shubber Esmail K.
Published: November 2021

The present study was conducted to determine the adverse effects of high incubation temperature on growth, development and genome stability of broiler chick embryo in ovo). One hundred twenty broiler eggs from Cobb Company, USA were weighted and divided into two groups. The first group was incubated at 37oC ± 0.5oC, and the second group was incubated at 41oC ± 0.5oC from 0 to 18th day. Starting on day 4th and every other day; three eggs from each group were examined following performed measurements as weight of eggs post incubation, embryo, yolk, and egg shell for measuring growth index. Blood smear was also prepared for counting heterophiles, and lymphocytes to determine H/L ratio. Micronucleus formation and presence of binucleated red blood cells were investigated as genome stability parameters, in 2000 cells. Significant reduction (P<0.01) in growth indices was observed in embryos grown at 41oC compared to those grown at 37oC ± 0.5oC. Reduction in H/L ratio was statistically significant (p≤0.01) in embryos of 2nd group comparing to 1st group embryos. Blood of embryo from heat stress group group (2) showed Red blood cells with micronuclei and binucleated cells while no such phenomenon could be seen in embryos from control group group (1). These results suggested that heat stress is influencing cell division at telophase and induces chromosomal damage. 88% of chicks from group (1) were hatched on day 21st; only 18% of chicks from group (2) were hatched lately on day 23rd, while the others were found dead. These results indicate that heat stress not only adversely affects growth and development of embryo stem cells but also induces genome instability which intern resulted in poultry production losses.
Influence of Taraxacum officinale Wigy and Malva parvifloral L. on the active ingredient of tomato in vitro
Authors: Jazaa Liqaa A. , Salih Ghussun S. , Habeeb Hadeel M.
Published: November 2021

Research was done in College of Science for Women/ Biology Department/ Plant Tissue Culture Lab. from 2009 to 2010 Results showed that the best plant growth regulator combination for the highest callus quantity production was 1 mg/l Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) with 2 mg/l Benzyl adenine (BA) so it was fixed in all the preceding experiments. Alcoholic extract for the two plants were added to full Murashigue & Skooge (MS.) and half MS. (modified) with concentration (2,4) mg/l for both as a replacement for vitamins and salts. These extracts showed an effect on the increasing of Ascorbic acid (vit. C) in full MS. medium with 4 mg/l in induced callus of tomato with peak area 68.859 by using Malva parviflora L. and 48.478 by using Taraxacum officinale Wigy and they effect in less degree on Nicotinic acid (vit. B5) with T. officinale Wigy extract effect only at 4 mg/l. with peak area 47.871. They effect on Caffaic acid were nearly abcent.
Test the Development in Salt Tolerance in Two Selected Genotypes of Wheat
Authors: Hassan Salah M. , M. Majeed D. , Whaeb Abdo-Wehab M. , Majeed Suad M. , Al-Mashhadani Ibrahim I. H.
Published: November 2021

The genetic development for salt tolerance in wheat is very important approach for the plant breeder to overcome salinity problem. Estimation of salt tolerance by two selected genotypes of wheat (4H, N5) was conducted in plastic house as compared with the local cultivars Tamoz 2 to know the development that happened in salt tolerance in these genotypes through the plant breeding programs. The experiment was conducted in pots using four salinity levels (2, 5, 10, 15)ds/m. The experimental design was RCBD with three blocks. Results indicated that both selected genotypes were significantly superior in all measured characters to check cultivar at all salinity levels. There were differences between the two selected genotypes in different traits, but not significant especially at high salinity levels. At these salinity levels, the selected genotypes had more growth in shoots and roots. The differences between the two selected genotypes and the check cultivar in all characters increased in high salinity level. In conclusion, there were genetically improvements with aspect to salt tolerance achieved in selected genotypes through breeding and improvement programs.
Electro-conjugation between Klebsiella pneumoniae and Proteus mirabilis and between Agrobacterium rhizogenes R1601 and Sinorhizobium meliloti
Authors: Al –Mallah Mozahim K. , Al- Kader Semaa Abd
Published: November 2021

Bacterial conjugations represent one of the possibilities to produce transformed bacteria. This study aimed to detect the occurrence of conjugation between the pathogenic bacteria Klebsiella pneumoniae and Proteus mirabilis and between Agrobacterium rhizogenes R1601 and Sinorhizobium meliloti. The results proved the conjugation in those bacterial parents through the sensitivity of bacterial species to specific types of antibiotics. The obtained data reported the stimulation of their growth when exposed to different electrical pulses. These electrotreatments include three voltages (200, 250, 300) volts of interval (0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 10.0, 20.0) msec. for each voltage .These treatments increase colonies numbers more than 50% which grown on the surface of the specific solid medium .The interesting results of this study are that pre-exposure of each type of bacteria and the exposure of the conjugation mixture to the above mentioned electrotreatments increase the transconjugant colonies at ratio (30-70)% and increased the conjugation frequency twice. This may be the key to enhance conjugation between those species of bacteria not enable or difficult for conjugation.
The Prophylactic Role of Lipopolysaccharide of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Against Corneal Infection
Authors: Hasan Jinan M. , Abu-risha Rasmyia A. , Flayyih May T.
Published: November 2021

The lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was extracted by using digestive enzyme and hot phenol water method from Pseudomonas aeruginosa P (10) a local isolate from patient suffering from eye infection-and partially purified by gel-filtration chromatography. The sera were prepared in rabbits, they were injected with five doses over 70 days of different concentrations of partially purified LPS. The pathological infection was done by using two groups of female mice; the first group represents the non-immunized group while the second group represents the immunized group. The left and right eyes of the two groups were scratched then the left eyes were infected with P. aeruginosa P (10) while the right eyes serve as a control scratched eye. In the second group that represents the immunized group, the mice were immunized intraperitoneally (i.p.) with sera after and before scratching and infection with P. aeruginosa. The results have shown that the typical pathological scores were observed in the left eyes of non-immunized mice group 72hr. after infection with P. aeruginosa while no pathological scores were observed in the left eyes of immunized mice. This indicated that the immunization with LPS gave a protection against P.aeruginosa corneal infection. These results indicate that immunization with LPS reduces the corneal infection caused by P. aeruginosa.
Effect of magnetized irrigation water with different gausses on the growth and mucilage percentage on two varieties of Calendula officinalis L.
Authors: Hassan A. Z.
Published: November 2021

he study was conducted in of Appliad art/ Zafarania garden during 2011-2010 season to investigat the effet of magnetized Water of different Gausses (0, 500 , 1000( Gausses on growth, Root charactors and mucilage percentage of calendula offianala L. var lemon queen and orang king. RCBD design with three Replications was used. Results showed that highest average of leaf length, dry percentage of Vegtative growth, Chlorophyll percentage, roots length, root diameter, dry weight of roots for Both cultivars due to the irrigation with the magenetized water with 1000 Gausses reached up to (14.95cm, % 28.90, % 42.98, % 2.98). However there was a signification increase in treatment on mucilage percentage in leaves and roots reached up to (2.85, 1.02)% compare with control treatment. The highest percentage of dry weight leaf and root, Chlorophyll percentage and mucilage percentage of leaf and root at Yellow queen reached up to (28.24%, 42.40%, 2.72%, 5.70mm, 2.91gm 0.94%).
Effect of magnetized water on morphologically abnormal sperms and histopathological status of testis in mice
Authors: Nasir Gulboy A.
Published: November 2021

ifty white Swiss male mice (6-7) weeks of age were randomly divided into two groups, and each group included 25 mice. Group 1 (treatment group) were get magnetic water, group 2 (control group) were get tap water. After whole experimental period (16 weeks), Animals sacrificed and sperms were collected from epididimyes, then histopathology for testis tissue was done and morphologically abnormal sperm of head sperm percentage were calculated. Results revealed that abnormalities of head sperm percentage in treatment group 0.99% were reduced compared with control group 1.03%, but the differences were not significant. Means of narrow head, loss hook head, hammer head and bacillary head in control group were insignificantly (P>0.05) more than treatment group, but mean of spherical head in treatment group 1.63 was mathematically higher than its similar in control group 1.44, simple correlation coefficient between all kinds of abnormalities was insignificant except that between loss hook head and hammer head (-0.27) which exhibited significant differences (p<0.05). No significant reduction was observed in motality percentage of sperms, dead and abnormalities of sperms in the treatment group compared to control group. Significant increase (P<0.01) was observed in seminiferous tubules diameters in the treatment group, whereas primary spermatocytes, spermatids and interstitial spaces exhibited insignificant increase in treatment group compared with control group.
Evaluation of hormonal disturbance and DNA damages in azoospermic patients
Authors: Abdul-Hassan Ismail A.
Published: November 2021

he present study was designed to evaluate the hormonal disturbance and the extent of DNA damage in blood cells and its association with azoospermia. Total of 68 subjects (48 azoospermic patients and 20 age-matched healthy subjects) participated in this study. Certain semen parameters were investigated according to World Health Organization guidelines [8]. Serum testosterone, luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and prolactin levels were also determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). DNA damage was determined by using single cell gel electrophoresis (comet assay). It was found that the levels of FSH and prolactin hormones in azoospermic patients were significantly higher than that in healthy subjects (10.30 versus 8.23 m IU/ml for FSH; and 11.02 versus 6.15 ng/ml for prolactin). Comet assay results revealed a significant increase in the length of tail, the mean of comet score(%) and tail lengthening(%) accompanied with a significant decrease in the length of nucleus in azoospermic group versus control group. Data from this study indicate that damage of blood DNA may be important in the etiology of azoospermia and that the comet assay of blood cells may have potential diagnostic value in the evaluation of azoospermia.
Effect of Magnetic Technology of water treatment on egg production, Egg weight and Egg quality in leghorn pullets.
Authors: Al-Hillali Ali H.
Published: November 2021

he study was conducted at the poultry farm, Department of animal genetics/ Ministry of science and Technology for the period between 2/10/2007-8/1/2008 to investigate the efficiency of magnetic technology of water (MTW) in egg production, egg weight and egg quality in leghorn pullets.120 pullets were randomly distributed and subjected to four treatment, (T1) represented control, and T2,T3,T4 represented treatment of MTW with strength (500,1000,1500) gauses. The results showed Significant increasing in egg production rates (H.D) and significant (P≤0.05) improvement in consumed feed and conversion, also the results had shown increase in egg weight, Haugh units, shell thickness and yolk index. The results indicated that treatment with magnetic water is a good technological method for improvement of egg production and quality.
In vitro and in vivo, antibacterial effect of lactobacillus and ethanolic extract of sage Salvia officinalis on enteropathogenic E.coli (EPEC)
Authors: AlThawani Amina N. , Mahood Rasha abdul-Hussein , Abdul-Barrey Hazim I.
Published: November 2021

he antibacterial effect of Lactobacillus cell-free filtrate and ethanolic extract of sage Salvia officinalis on enteropathogenic E.coli (EPEC) were investigated in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, antibacterial activity of Lactobacillus and ethanolic extract of sage were determined by using well diffusion method. The results of ethanolic extract of sage showed moderate antibacterial activity even with high concentration of extract 20mg/ml with maximum inhibition zone 18mm. while, of Lactobacillus cell-free filtrate presented high antibacterial activity against E.coli (24mm) in vivo, thirty two albino male mice(age 8-10 weeks, weight ranged 23-27 gram) were used in this experiment. The animals were divided into four equal groups, include positive and negative controls. Histological analysis of intestine, liver and kidney showed that the mice infected with EPEC induce attaching and effacing (A/E) lesions and loss of microvillus actins rootlets as well as microvillus fragmentation and no significant changes in liver and kidney tissues of mice infected with EPEC. Normal microvilli and mucosal morphology observed in mice infected and treated with Lactobacillus and ethanolic extract of sage.
Assessment of the Local Isolate ability Nocardia asteroids for production of biosurfactants and utilize Crude Oil and use mutation technology by Laser Irradiation for enhancement of their efficiency
Authors: Abdul-Razak Hala Abdul-Hafudh
Published: November 2021

he present study was performed to assess the ability of local isolate Nocardia asteroids to produce bioemulisifers and utilize crude oil at three concentrations (0.5,1,2) % on blue mineral salt agar and mineral salt broth. Four parameters were used to detect the production of the bioemulisifers: Diameter of dark blue halo around the colonies, the time of appearance, emulisification activity of supernatant, hydrophobicity of cell surface of suspension.The local isolate was subjected to mutation by laser irradiation at different exposure times (2,4,6,8,10,12)minutes. In this study the ability of both non mutated and mutated local isolate had been tested to utilize crude oil in soil sample was monitored through six weeks Results obtaind could be summarized as follows: The local isolate has shown the ability to emulsify crude oil as the sole carbon and energy source by bioemulisification, depending on four parameters, bioemulisifers production reaching maximum after utilizing 2% crude oil. Significant increase in production of bioemulisifers reaching maximum after, (6) minutes from exposure to Laser, depending on four parameters. Significant increase in total number of the cells in soil sample contaminated with 2% crude oil after the addition of bacterial filtrate of non mutated and mutated of local isolate.
Determination the titer antibodies against LPS extracted from Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from eye infection
Authors: Hasan Jinan M. , Abu-risha Rasmyia A. , Flayyih May T.
Published: November 2021

rom September 2008 to May 2009, 122 specimens were collected by sterile cotton swaps from patients suffering from eye infection at Ibn Al-Haitham Teaching Eye Hospital, 12 of them (9.83% isolation percentage) were diagnosed as Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates by using biochemical tests, API 20 E system: they were named (P(1), P(2),……..P(12)). The agglutination sera for the grouping of P. aeruginosa test show that all the isolates belong to the P. aeruginosa strains (6, 9, 12, 16). The result show that P10 isolate have a greater ability to adhesion when all P. aeruginosa isolates were tested on Congo red agar medium and adherence to smooth surfaces. The chemical analysis of crude LPS that was extracted from P10 by using digestive enzyme and hot phenol water method showed that the percentage of carbohydrates was 7.3 and the percentage of protein was 1.3. No nucleic acids were found while the chemical analysis of partially purified LPS that was made by gel-filtration chromatography by using Sephacryl 200 S showed that the percentage of carbohydrates in the partial purified LPS was 19.5% and the percentage of binding proteins was 0.006%. No nucleic acids were found. When the molecular weight of LPS was measured by gel-filtration chromatography by using Sepharose C1- 6B- 200 it was found to be 630957 Dalton. The sera were prepared by using two wild type rabbits (weight 2-2.5 kg). They were injected with five doses over 70 days of different concentrations of partially purified LPS that have been extracted from P. aeruginosa P (10) isolate. One rabbit was used as a control that has been injected with PBS. The titer of antibodies in sera was determined by passive haemagglutination and it was in the immunized rabbit’s sera 160, and the best concentration of LPS was 10µg.
Antitumor and Immunomodulatory Activities of Peganum harmala Extracts
Authors: Al-shaibani Moyassar B. H. , Al-mafrachi Hiba T. H.
Published: November 2021

This study was designed to search the antitumor potential of Peganum harmala methanolic extracts and to evaluate their role in retardation the immunological side effects pre-and post-treatment which were carried out on 30 Albino male mice and included total and absolute count of leucocytes, micronucleus formation and phagocytic index of peritoneal cells. Our study showed that P. harmala derivatives have considerable antitumor activity with high efficacy in immobilization of the immunological side effects evoked following treatment with antitumor drug. In conclusion, P. harmala possess antitumor activity increases with concentrations increasing. Pre-treatment with these extracts exert higher retardation to the side effects than post-treatment.
Role of Staphylococcus aureus cell wall protein A in the pathogenesis of the bacteria
Authors: Abid Ali Alash Samir Abdul Amir
Published: November 2021

This study dealt with 20 diagnosed isolates of Staphylococcus aureus. The haemagglutination test was used to investigate the presence of protein (A) in all S.aureus isolates. One isolate has been chosen as an optimal isolate to accomplish this study, because of its high content of protein (A). Crude protein (A) was extracted by two steps. The first is "Suspending in sodium azide"; the second was precipitation by ammonium sulphate. In order to get a purified protein (A) extract from crude protein A, purification was accomplished by two steps: Ion – exchange chromatography by DEAE – cellulose column was used in the first step, while Gel – filtration chromatography by Sepharose CL – 6B column was used in the second step. Double immunodiffusion in gel was used to investigate the preservation of the crude and purified protein (A) with its full function. Bradford method was used to estimate protein (A) extracts concentration (Crude, Partial purified, Purified). White mice (Balb C) were used to investigate the pathogenic effects of purified protein (A) .The injected mice with purified protein (A) showed general weakness which was very clear after the sixth injection . There were no phenotypic dermal change in the injection area and no dead mice as well. After killing and dissecting of all the mice, the organs of heart, spleen, liver, kidney, intestine, stomach and lung were eradicated. There were a great enlargement in spleen and a little in liver in all injected mice in comparison with the control mice. No phenotypic changes appeared in heart, intestine and stomach, but black spots were shown on the outer surface of kidney and liver tissue which were presented in all the injected mice. The most important results in this study are the great size of pathogenic effects in lung. The tissue seemed faint black with which was obvious in seven mice. The lung of the three others (some parts) showed during anatomy covered by blood. The histological check for heart, intestine and stomach showed no pathogenic effects resulted from protein (A) injection. In the spleen, there was a huge expanding in the white pulp region, with blood congestion while the spreading of megacaryocytes has increased. The liver showed mild degenerative change in liver cells with monocytes infiltration especially in the entrance region which appeared expanded. Also there was an increase in kupffer cells in all liver tissue. Kidney showed increase in mesengial cells which are considered the forming units of glomeruli. The histological check of lung included bloody congestions, oedema, inflammatory cells infiltration and alveolar spaces expanding forming ''Emphysema '' The lung was the most effected organ that showed tissue injury among other all organs.
Extraction and identification of phenol compounds from Bitter Melon Momordica charantia fruits and their role as antioxidants
Authors: Ghaima Kais kassim , Nader Mohamad Ibrahim , Taqi Rami Ali , Gatta Sanaa Abdulhusain
Published: November 2021

The antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities of Bitter Melon Momordica charantia exracts including phenolic compounds, ethanolic and aqueous were studied. Phenolic compounds were extracted, purified and identified by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) method. The main phenolic constituents, which were present in the fruit extract of bitter melon, were gallic acid, protocatechuic acid, gentisic acid, catechin, chlorogenic acid and epicatechin. The results clearly indicated that phenolic compounds have an effective antioxidant activity by using Ferric Thiocyanate (FTC) method. Phenolic compounds caused 91.25% lipid peroxidation inhibition of linoleic acid emulsion. This activity was greater than ethanolic extract 82.5%, - tocopherol 70% and aqueous extract 49.58%. Also the phenolic compounds revealed obvious activity for H2O2 scavenging 68.8% in comparison with - tocopherol 45.3%, ethanolic extract 52.6% and aqueous extract 36.2%. These results confirmed the important role of phenolic compounds as antioxidants and the most antioxidant activity of bitter melon fruits belong to these compounds.
Histological study for the biological effect of Rosemary Rosmarinus officinalis L. essential oil on liver and kidney tissues
Authors: Qadori Yasamin T. , Rashid Khaleel I. , Madhloom Ibtihal I. , Al-Shaikh Mahera N.
Published: November 2021

Many herbs and plant extracts are added to the diet not only for their aromatic properties but they possess an important biological activity. The aim of the present investigation is to examine the biological activities (describes the beneficial or adverse effects of a drug and materials on living matter) of rosemary essential oil on liver and kidney tissues. The tissues treated with different doses of essential oil of rosemary (100, 200, 300, 400) ml. Histological examination of liver tissue treated with 400 ml of rosemary revealed normal architecture with rate of stimulating cells more than the other concentrations, without dilated and congested of portal vein.
Cytotoxic effect of the crude extracts of the locally Isolate Lactococcus lactis on AMN-3 tumor cell line
Authors: Abdul-Majeed Mohammad R. , Al-Shaibani Moyassar B. H. , Al-Shekhly Ali Abbdul-rahman T.
Published: November 2021

This project was conducted to study the activity of secondary metabolites produced by one of a human microflora which is Lactococcus lactis on AMN-3 tumour cell line in vitro. Twenty samples of dairy products (bucolic sour yoghurts, pasteurized milk and raw milk) were collected; nine isolates of Lactococccus were isolated by propagating in MRS broth medium followed by subjecting the isolates to microscopic, cultural, physiological and biochemical tests. The results showed the presence of four isolates belonged to the genus Lactococcus sp. lactis. the isolates were grown in three broth production media, which were MRS, VVM and BHI at 37ºC for 6 h. followed by extraction of crude extracts using ammonium sulphate saturation ratio which was 80% for each medium confidentially. The overall result was three crude extracts (one from each medium), followed by estimation the concentrations of extracted proteins depending on standard curve of bovine serum albumin. The cytotoxic activity of different concentrations for each crude extract was studied on AMN-3 tumour cell line for three incubation periods (24,48,72) hrs in addition to normal rabbit embryo fibroblast (REF) cell line for 72 hr only. The result illustrated a clear cytotoxic activity of these crude extracts with high significances on this tumour cell line during the three incubation periods, suggesting that the cytotoxic effect of these crude extracts is a dose and time dependent, but on REF cell line, there is no significant effect of these crude extracts was reported, suggesting also, that may be the active compound of L. lactis possess some specificity in cytotoxicity on cancer cells but not on normal cells.
Effect of Ethanolic Olive leaf and its Callus Ethanol Extracts in Alloxan- induced Diabetic mice (Blood glucose and lipid profiles)
Authors: Badawi Sally , Ahmed Saleh , Al -Ani Nabeel
Published: November 2021

This study was designed to test the lipid-lowering and antidiabetic activities of olive leaf and its callus extract. Diabetes in mice was induced by intraperitoneal injections of alloxan. The serum glucose and serum lipid were examined. Diabetic mice showed hypeglycemia, hypelipidemia. The administration, for 2 weeks of olive leaf and its callus extracts significantly decreased the Total cholesterol (TC). Triglycerides (TG). Low density lipoprotein (LDL), very low density lipoprotein (VLDL). Both types of olive extracts had significant hypoglycemic effects on blood glucose levels in diabetic mice. This hypoglycemic effect was as potent as the hypoglycemic effect of insulin. However, the callus extract was more potent than the leaves extracts and most potent than insulin in causing a significant decrease in LDL, VLDL, TC, TG and in antidiabetic effects.
Regeneration of Cucumis melo L. plants from cell suspension derived from hypocotyls callus
Authors: Rasheed Jamella Hazza
Published: November 2021

This study aimed to investigate the regeneration capability of cell suspension derived from hypocotyl callus of the vegetable plant, muskmelon, Cucumis melo L. Culture of the densities (7.5, 9.8, 13.0, 11.2, 7.8, 4.2 )× 102 cell/ml produced callus primordia which formed typical callus culture successfully. This green – yellowish color and semi-compact callus regenerated shoots on agar solidified MS medium supplemented with 2.0mgL-1BA. These regenerates rooted readily in MS0 medium. They were adapted and routinely transferred to soil. The conclusion of this work that muskmelon plants have a good response to in vitro culture with no need to specific requirements.