bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Structural Analysis of Experimental Drugs Binding to the COVID-19 Target TMPRSS2
Authors: Huggins David
Published: May 2020

The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 has prompted a worldwide health emergency. There is an urgent need for therapeutics, both through the repurposing of approved drugs and the development of new treatments. In addition to the viral drug targets, a number of human drug targets have been suggested. In theory, targeting human proteins should provide an advantage over targeting viral proteins in terms of drug resistance, which is commonly a problem in treating RNA viruses. This paper focuses on the human protein TMPRSS2, which supports coronavirus life cycles by cleaving viral spike proteins. The three-dimensional structure of TMPRSS2 is not known and so we have generated models of the TMPRSS2 in the apo state as well as in complex with a peptide substrate and putative inhibitors to aid future work. Importantly, many related human proteases have 80% or higher identity with TMPRSS2 in the S1-S1’ subsites, with plasminogen and urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) having 95% identity. We highlight 376 approved, investigational or experimental drugs targeting S1A serine proteases that may inhibit TMPRSS2. Whilst the presence of a relatively uncommon lysine residue in the S2/S3 subsites means that many serine protease inhibitors may not inhibit TMPRSS2, this is likely to provide a handle for selective targeting. We discuss how experimental drugs targeting related serine proteases might be repurposed as TMPRSS2 inhibitors to treat coronaviruses.
An On-the-fly Approach to Construct Generalized Energy-Based Fragmentation Machine Learning Force Fields of Complex Systems
Authors: Cheng Zheng , Dongbo Zhao , Ma Jing , Li Wei , Li Shuhua
Published: May 2020

The paper describes a modification to the generalized energy-based fragmentation (GEBF) method that uses a machine fitted potential energy surface for the subsytems instead of ab initio calculation, in order to speed up the calculations. An on-the-fly active learning is used to construct vaious kind of subsystems force field automatically. Our method can bpyss over 99% of the QM calculations during the ab inito molecular dynamics.
A Cyclic Di-GMP Network Is Present in Gram-Positive Streptococcus and Gram-Negative Proteus Species
Authors: Liu Ying , Lee Changhan , Li Fengyang , Trček Janja , Bähre Heike , Guo Rey-Ting , Chen Chun-Chi , Chernobrovkin Alexey , Zubarev Roman , Romling Ute
Published: May 2020

Cyclic di-GMP is a ubiquitous second messenger in bacteria. This work describes the occurrence of a cyclic di-GMP signaling network in Gram-positive Streptococcus species and Gram-negative Proteus. After identification of candidate diguanylate cyclases by homology search in the respective species, the open reading frames were cloned and proteins expressed. Production of cyclic di-GMP was demonstrated by riboswitch assays, detection of cyclic di-GMP in cell lysates by MALDI-FTMS and in cell extracts by standard LC-MS/MS. Expression of the diguanylate cyclases in the heterologous host Salmonella typhimurium showed the expected physiological activity, namely up regulation of biofilm formation and down regulation of motility. The co-localisation of both sole diguanylate cyclases with cellulose or cellulose-like synthases indicates exopolysaccharide biosynthesis to be a conserved trait of cyclic di-GMP signaling.
A study on lipid profile in subclinical hypothyroidism of patients attending a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Ashwin Raj H  , Ananthi N  , Sabarinathan M
Published: May 2020

Subclinical hypothyroidism is also known as mild hypothyroidism, early thyroid failure, preclinical hypothyroidism and decreased thyroid reserve. Subclinical hypothyroidism is defined as a high serum thyroid-stimulating hormone concentration and normal serum total or free thyroxine and triiodothyronine concentrations associated with few or no symptoms and signs of hypothyroidism and thus subclinical hypothyroid disease is diagnosed by laboratory findings.Subclinical hypothyroidism is far more common than overt hypothyroidism. The prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism is relatively high and ranges from 4%-8.5% and maybe as high as 20% in women older than 60years. Subclinical hypothyroidism is more common in elderly women than men. It is found twice as often in women as in men. Thyroid hormones have a known effect on heart rate & cardiac excitability. Cardio vascular system is the major system affected by subclinical hypothyroidism. Subclinical hypothyroidism patients have an increased risk of “atherosclerosis” & coronary artery disease. Subclinical hypothyroidism patients will have an increased level of total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein and decreased level of high-density lipoprotein, leading to “atherosclerosis”. This study was conducted totally on 110 human subjects of age group 18-60 years. Among the 110 human subjects, 55 were Euthyroid controls and 55 were subclinical hypothyroid cases. Serum total cholesterol, serum triglycerides, serum low-density lipoproteins, levels were increased in subclinical hypothyroid cases than Euthyroid controls with a high statistical significance with the P-value <0.001 and serum high-density lipoproteins levels are decreased in subclinical hypothyroid cases than Euthyroid controls with a high statistical significance with the P-value <0.001. Hence, it should be made mandatory that the estimation of lipid profile should be made as a routine investigation in all cases of subclinical hypothyroidism.
Renal insufficiency in overt hypothyroidism
Authors: Monisha M  , Merriwin D
Published: May 2020

Hypothyroidism is a common endocrine disorder worldwide. In hypothyroidism, there is altered regulation of renal hemodynamics and basal metabolic rate. This hospital-based case-control study was done to evaluate the changes in uric acid level in hypothyroid subjects. This study includes 25 hypothyroid cases with age and sex-matched controls. Serum total thyroid profile was estimated by ChemiluminiscenceImmunoassay (CLIA) and uric acid by the Uricase method in fully automated Vitros 5600. The mean uric acid level is increased in hypothyroid. Triiodothyronine(T3)&Thyroxine(T4)levelof hypothyroid patients showed a significant negative correlation with uric acid with 'r' values of 0.45 and 0.51, respectively. A positive correlation was observed between Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and uric acid (p=0.22) in hypothyroid subjects. The raise in uric acid is hypothyroid subjects is due to hemodynamic changes like reduction in renal plasma flow and disordered thyroid state affects purine metabolism, leading to hyperuricemia and gout. Hence, these parameters should be monitored regularly in hypothyroid patients.
Knowledge, attitude and practices about acute respiratory infection among mothers of under 5 children in an urban area of Tamil Nadu
Authors: Jeya Subha C  , Shiny Chrism Queen Nesan G  , Charumathi B  , Timsi Jain
Published: May 2020

Acute respiratory infection (ARI) is one of the major public health problems in developing countries and in India, ARI is considered as one of the major killer diseases and leading cause for morbidity and mortality in children below five years. Knowledge, attitude and practice of mothers play a major role in the decrease of morbidity in under 5 children. The objective is to evaluate the health-seeking behaviour of mothers and to assess knowledge, attitude and practices of mothers regarding ARI.Using pre-tested semi-structured pro -forma, a descriptive study on 204 mothers was done and information on knowledge of ARI, attitude and practice regarding consulting physician,antibiotic usewere collected and results were analysed using SPSS 22. Questionnaire regarding knowledge preferred that 61.8% of mothers preferred private set up as a place of choice of treatment and the commonest aggravating factor was infection (36.8%), most common complication was Pneumonia (32.4%), and most mothers opted for the medical practitioner (86.3%) for treatment. Self-medication was seen to be practiced by (52.5%).The younger age, a short period of time since marriage, and higher educational level were found to be significantly correlated with the good knowledge, attitude and practice and this could be due to that younger women with a lower duration of marriage have more time as well as being aware of new media and internet. They would gain knowledgeeasily compared to older women.
Risk factor stratification in breast cancer - a tertiary care analysis
Authors: Aadhyyanth R Allu  , Jayaganesh  , Senthil Kumar A C
Published: May 2020

Breast cancer is a very common malignancy diagnosed in India and is the most common cancer in women in India. The morbidity and mortality burden of malignancy in India ranks one of the highest in the world. India has a network of cancer registries, a process which has expanded since the 1960s and has new initiatives such as cancer atlas and online software programmes. The  burden  of  breast  cancer  is on  the  rise  in  both  developed  and  developing  countries. The objectives were to identify and study the risk factors for breast cancer among women attending Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Chennai and to study the association between risk factors and breast cancer. The case control study was conducted on 110 cases and 110 controls. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect information. Statistical Analysis was done using MS Excel 2007 and Chi Square test was also used. Of the parameters studied, residence, family history, parity, duration of breast feeding and oral contraceptive use were found to be associated with breast cancer and were statistically significant (p<0.05). The findings suggest that positive family history, nulliparity, duration of breast feeding and OCP use may have an impact on breast cancer in Indian women. Hence screening and creation of awareness may help in decreasing mortality.
Effect of Funding Decisions on Firm Value with Profitability as Intervening Variables
Authors: Wahyuni Asrini , Alam Syamsu , Pakki Erlina
Published: May 2020

This study aims to determine the effect of funding on firm value where profitability acts as a mediator or intervening variable in manufacturing companies on the Indonesia stock exchange. Funding variables are measured using Debt to Assets Ratio (DAR) and Debt to Equity Ratio (DER). The profitability variable is measured using Return of Assets (ROA). The value of the company itself is measured by looking at the Price to Book Value (PBV) or the market value of the company's shares against the book value ( Book Value ). The population in this study is the pharmaceutical sub-sector manufacturing companies listed on the IDX. The sampling method used was purposive sampling. The data source used in this study is secondary data collected using documentation techniques. This study uses descriptive quantitative statistics and uses panel data regression which is processed using Eviews 11 software. The results obtained in this study indicate that first, DER has a positive and significant effect on ROA. Second, DAR has a negative and significant effect on ROA. Third, DER has a positive and significant effect on ROA. Fourth, DAR has a negative and not significant effect on PBV. Fifth, ROA has a positive and significant effect on PBV. Sixth, DER has a positive and significant effect on PBV through ROA. Seventh, DAR has a negative and significant effect on PBV through ROA.
The Influence of Career Development and Work Environment on Performance Non-permanent PNS Education Staff and Retention As an intervening variable in the Hasanuddin University
Authors: Pratiwi Nurul , Muis Mahlia , Amar Yunus
Published: May 2020

This study is aimed to know the influence of development career and work environment and retention as an intervening variable on the performance of non-permanent civil service (Non-PNS) assigned as educational staff at the Hasanuddin University (Unhas). The research was a quantitative descriptive study with the use of the staff of Non-Permanent Civil Servant Education, called Tendik as respondents, that have been working for 5 to 10 years. Methods of data collection were used through the distribution of questionnaires which is tested the validity and reliability of all items evaluated afterward. Data analysis was performed using Statistical Product and Service Solution (SPSS) version 25 and analysed using path analysis. To evaluate the indirect effect between variables, the study applied the Sobel Test. The result of this study indicates that career development and the work environment have a significant effect on retention. To the second equation evaluated, the retention has a significant effect on performance. Interestingly, career development and the work environment have no significant effect on performance. The career development and the work environment have a significant effect on the performance through retention as an intervening variable.
Does socioeconomic status influence oral cancer awareness? The role of public education
Authors: Azimi Somayyeh , Ghorbani Zahra , Ghasemi Erfan , Tennant Marc , Kruger Estie
Published: May 2020

Background: Public awareness on oral cancer is thought to improve prevention and early diagnosis; however, the role of socioeconomic status in this awareness is not clear. Aims: The aim was to investigate whether an association exists between socioeconomic status and oral cancer awareness in adults. Methods: A multi-stage random sample of adults was investigated in Tehran in 2016–2017. The outcome was awareness of oral cancer and knowledge of risk factors and signs and symptoms using a self-administered questionnaire. The main exposures were self-reported socioeconomic status of 8 indicators of family assets and economic situation. Wealth index was created using principal component analysis, and participants were classified into 5 quintiles. Regression analysis was applied to test associations. Results: Out of 1800 adults, 1312 completed questionnaires were returned (72.8% response rate). The mean age was 37.8 (standard deviation 9.0) years; about 60% were female. Statistical analysis revealed the higher the wealth index, the higher the score for oral cancer knowledge and awareness. Awareness and knowledge were significantly lower among participants in the poorest quintile: they had a knowledge score on oral cancer risk factors 1.58 points [95% confidence interval (CI): –2.19;–0.96] lower, and a knowledge score on oral cancer signs 1.34 points (95 CI: –1.98;–0.72) lower compared with the richest quintile. Conclusion: Socioeconomic inequalities were observed in oral cancer awareness in the Islamic Republic of Iran.
An investigation of urban development with geographical information systems: 100-year change of Sivas City, Turkey
Authors: SARI Sefa , TÜRK Tarık
Published: May 2020

One of the most important duties of urbanism is to meet the basic needs of people. The need for shelter takes a significant place among the basic needs of people. Urban populations, which are increasing very rapidly nowadays, have made urban development a non-negligible situation. Urban planning should be done by ensuring urban development and without losing the city identity, and a regular development strategy should be adopted according to objective criteria in order to manage the available resources correctly. In this study, the 100-year urban development of Sivas city center was examined with the Geographical Information System (GIS) by considering historic buildings and population projection, and the relationship between housing in the city in this process and implementary zoning plans was investigated.
Ironia e humor em O observador no escritório, de Carlos Drummond de Andrade
Authors: Santos Valci Vieira dos
Published: May 2020

Leitura do diário de Carlos Drummond de Andrade, poeta mineiro, “O observador no escritório, que se tem destacado pelo olhar atento aos mais diversos eventos ocorridos em seu tempo. A proposta da referida leitura se deu a partir da adoção de dois caminhos: o da ironia e o do humor. Estes caminhos certamente ajudam o leitor a compreender as diversas pisadelas que o diarista dá à medida que empreende narrativas acerca de fatos do cotidiano. Para nossa maior segurança e melhor análise de alguns aspectos da obra, lançamos mão de trabalhos de teóricos da ironia e do humor, tais como Duarte (2006), Ferraz (1987), Hutcheon (2000) e Muecke (1995).
Economia solidária como meio de inclusão social no Serviço de Saúde Mental de Teixeira de Freitas
Authors: Nogueira Guilherme Bicalho , Ferreira Rafaela Bittencourt Rangel
Published: May 2020

O processo de reabilitação psicossocial leva a desafios da inclusão social através do trabalho de usuários portadores de  transtorno mental. O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a economia solidária como meio de promoção de inclusão social dos usuários do serviço de Saúde Mental de Teixeira de Freitas. A pesquisa é de natureza qualitativa, de caráter descritivo. Os dados foram coletados por meio de um roteiro de entrevista. Todos os cuidados e aspectos éticos foram respeitados. O estudo foi realizado no Centro de Atenção Psicossocial (CAPS) no Município de Teixeira de Freitas (BA) em parceria com Associação Loucos para Viver (ALPV). A realização do estudo permitiu a confirmação das observações encontradas em diversas literaturas quanto à importância e viabilidade do uso do trabalho solidário no processo de reabilitação e inclusão social de usuários portadores de transtornos mentais.
Ectogenesis is for Feminists
Authors: Horn Claire
Published: May 2020

In this critical perspective, I call for interdisciplinary feminist research to reclaim the subject of artificial womb technology from anti-abortion discourse. In 2017, scientists announced the successful animal trials of a highly advanced incubator that replicates the conditions of the uterus and was used to gestate lamb fetuses from the equivalent of approximately 22-24 weeks human gestation through to term in good health. This technology, now being prepared for human trials, has generated a new wave of research on ectogenesis, the process of gestating a pregnancy outside the body. But while ectogenesis raises many pressing ethical concerns, the discourse has frequently reverted to one claim: that by allowing the fetus to be removed from the pregnant person’s body without causing its death, ectogenesis will “solve” abortion. I argue that authors who make these claims fail to understand why feminists fight for abortion rights, take a narrow approach to reproductive freedom, neglect the social construction of “viability”, and fail to acknowledge the dependency of the fetus on care. Finally, I identify areas for future feminist intervention.
A Lattice of Chemicalized Kinship
Authors: Lee Rachel
Published: May 2020

This essay introduces fourteen essays and artworks comprising this issue’s Special Section, Critical Commentary, Critical Perspectives, Lab Meeting, and Cover Art that address the topic of Chemical Entanglements: Gender and Exposure.   This introduction emphasizes not only the varied vernaculars of chemicalized knowing highlighted in this scholarship and artwork but also their shared theorization of how specific molecular encounters are propelled by biopolitical systems that extend or curtail relationality amongst humans, other species, and the environment.
MASA KODIFIKASI HADIS Meneropong Perkembangan Ilmu Hadis Pada Masa Pra-Kodifikasi hingga Pasca Kodifikasi
Authors: Yunitasari Riska
Published: May 2020

In the course of the development of traditions from the time of the Prophet, Companions, Tabi'in to contemporary experiences a very significant journey, starting from the traditions that were conveyed through oral orally to develop into writing, because it is a concern about the disappearance of the Prophet's traditions, of course the writing requires more time than when compiling the Qur'an. (1) When did the Hadith start to be officially codified ?, At which time the development of the hadith reaches its peak, so that efforts are needed to counter the spread of false traditions. (2) how is the development of hadith after the hadith is codified? has been packaged in such a way as an application so that in reviewing the hadith becomes easier.
EVALUATION OF DIELECTRIC STRENGTH OF EPDM ELASTOMER LOADED WITH ATH FILLER
Authors: Sheta Tamer , Gad A.Hossam , Nasrat L.S. , El-Debeiky S.M.
Published: May 2020

Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer (EPDM) electrical properties are improved by adding Alumina Trihydrate (ATH) filler. Composite of EPDM with ATH filler are prepared with 10%, 20%, 30% and 40% percentages of concentration. The dielectric strength of the composite samples are tested under various thermal conditions such as (25, 70,100 and 130) ᵒC to simulate the various types of climates and clarify the effect of high temperature on the electrical properties of elastomers. Composite samples were exposed also to different climate conditions such as wet and salt. The obtained results of the composite performance are analyzed and discussed in the light of the variations of the material microscopic structure.
Сontent of phenolic compounds in the native and alien species of the Bidens genus growing in various regions of Belarus
Authors: Skuratovich T. A. , Molchan O. V.
Published: May 2020

The content of phenolic compounds and flavonoids in separate organs and aerial parts ofBidensspecies growing in different regions of Belarus was studied (alien species –Bidens frondosusL. andBidensconnatusWilld., native species –Bidens tripartitusL.). It was found that the leaves were characterized by the maximum accumulation of total phenolic compounds and total flavonoids. The accumulation of these metabolites decreased in the row of “leaves – inflorescences – stems and roots”. Approximately 14 % of phenolic compounds in leaves and inflorescences were flavonoids. The accumulation of phenolic compounds in the aerial parts ofB. frondosus,B. connatusandB. tripartitus, depending on the growing conditions, varied from 60, 55, 90 to 155, 130, 115 mg/g dry weight, flavonoids – from 7, 11, 8 to 20, 15, 19 mg/g dry weight, correspondingly.B. frondosusandB. connatusdemonstrated a wider range of variation in the sum of phenolic compounds thanB. tripartitus. A comparative analysis of the total phenolic accumulation in plants of different species collected in geographically close localities showed the absence of significant differences in the content of the studied secondary metabolites in alien and native species ofBidens.
Influence of elevated temperature on electron flows in chloroplasts of barley
Authors: Pshybytko N. L. , Bachyshcha T. S. , Kabashnikova L. F.
Published: May 2020

The efficiency of electron carriers in thylakoid membranes untreated and exposed to heat 7-day-old barley seedlings was evaluated with PAM fluorescence. Darkness–light transitional states in chloroplasts after heat exposure are studied. Thermoinduced changes in linear and cyclic electron transport chain of chloroplasts are revealed. The activation of NADPH-dependent electron flux after exposure to elevated temperatures is shown. We assumed that ΔрН of thylakoid membranes employed the regulatory role in the distribution of electron flows and the adaptation of the photosynthetic apparatus to stressful effects.
The pigment composition of Haematococcus pluvialis microalgae cells upon cultivated on biogenic-deficient media
Authors: Shalygo N. V.
Published: May 2020

The accumulation of carotenoids (carotenogenesis) in the cells of Haematococcus pluvialis (strain IBCE H-17) upon cultivation in nutrient media deficient in nutrient elements (N and K + P) is shown. K and P deficiency in nutrient medium led to accumulation of astaxanthin, β-carotene, anteraxanthin, zeaxanthin and violaxanthin after 18 days of cultivation, while the amount of neoxanthin and lutein was at the control level. Carotenogenesis under such conditions was accompanied by high levels of chlorophyll (a + b). The use of nutrient medium deficient in N led to the accumulation of astaxanthin and, to a lesser extent, β-carotene in haematococcus cells, while lutein, anteraxanthin, zeaxanthin, violaxanthin and neoxanthin levels were lower or the same as control. N deficiency caused the decrease in amount of chlorophyll (a + b). Nitrogen deficiency was 4.3 times more effective than control medium and 1.8 times more effective than combined potassium and phosphorus deficiency in promoting astaxanthin accumulation.
The influence of mineral fertilizers on the components of Monarda fistulosa L. essential oil
Authors: Bedulenko M. A. , Titok V. V.
Published: May 2020

The results of study of the components of Monarda fistulosa L. essential oil under chemicals are shown. The experiment was made at the Central botanical garden of the National academy of sciences of the Republic of Belarus since 2011 till 2013. The research conditions involved using of nitrogen, phosphoric and potassium fertilizers on limed and nonlimed fields. Essential oil was determined in air-dry material with hydrodistillation method applying Ginsberg apparatus. The component composition of essential oil was investigated using chromatograph “Agilent Technologies 7820 A” with a flame ionization detector. Components those were important for quality of essential oil were studied in different stages of ontogenesis. Accumulation dynamics of γ-terpinen, p-cymene and linalool was depended on random factor. Accumulation of geraniol, 1.8-cineole, thymol and carvacrol was M-shaped curve under growth doses of mineral fertilizers. Ranked rows of the variants of fertilizer application on the basis of changes in mass fractions thymol, carvacrol, 1,8-cineole and geraniol were built. Analyzing of these data gives possible to grow Monarda fistulosa L. and to use its essential oil for pharmaceutical, food and perfumery-cosmetic industries.
The current distribution of the freshwater crayfish (Decapoda: Astacidae, Cambaridae) in the Neman river basin in Belarus
Authors: Alekhnovich A. V. , Molotkov D. V. , Śliwińska K.
Published: May 2020

The trends in the distribution and occurrence of the freshwater crayfish in the water bodies of the Neman River basin are presents. It has been shown that both native species: the noble and the narrow-clawed crayfish are declined and/or are displaced with rapidly expanding its range the invasive spiny-cheek crayfish. In recent years the alien species was found in isolated gravel pits and lakes, where it could be transferred only by the human activity. These findings confirm the need of the education about the threats posed by the invasive species on the native biodiversity especially with the local community, which is an obligatory practice for protection the native species in the area expanded with non-native crayfish species. Further, to increase the likelihood of the local biodiversity conservation it is highly needed to undertake targeted actions aimed at resettling endangered populations into waterbodies unavailable for the invasive spiny-cheek crayfish expansion.
Stimulating effects of plasma and radio-wave treatments of red clover seeds on morphological and physiological parameters of seedlings
Authors: Nedved H. L. , Kalatskaja J. N. , Laman N. A. , Minkova V. V. , Herasimovich K. M. , Ovchinnikov I. A. , Kopylova N. A. , Filatova I. I. , Lyushkevich V. A.
Published: May 2020

It was established that the treatment of clover seeds with radio frequency (RF) electromagnetic field and low pressure (200 Pa) RF plasma excited at a frequency of 5.28 MHz has a stimulating effect both on the germination of seeds and on the growth and development of plants grown in laboratory and field conditions. Plasma treatment for 5 min led to the greatest stimulation of seed germination and germination energy, a significant increase in the biomass of shoots and roots. At the same time, the content of phenolic compounds and flavonoids in plant leaves decreased.
Riboflavin-photosensitized thiamine oxidation in aqueous solutions on exposure to ultraviolet and visible light
Authors: Stepuro I. I. , Labor S. A. , Stsiapura V. I. , Yantsevich A. V.
Published: May 2020

It was shown the irradiation of aqueous solutions of thiamine and riboflavin with ultraviolet UVA (315–400 nm) and visible light (λ > 400 nm) leads to oxidation of thiamine to thiochrome and oxodihydrothiochrome. In absence of riboflavin in aerobic conditions thiamine oxidation to thiochrome was mainly due to reaction with singlet oxygen. Under anaerobic conditions, thiamine in the presence of riboflavin was photostable and UV and visible light irradiation of their aqueous solutions did not result in thiamine oxidation. Under aerobic conditions, thiochrome was oxidized to form oxodihydrothiohrome in reactions with singlet oxygen and riboflavin in triplet states. Under anaerobic conditions, oxidation of thiochrome to oxodihydrothiochrome occurred due to reaction with riboflavin in triplet state. Possible mechanisms of the damage of cellular eye structures due to inactivation of thiamine-dependent enzymes on exposure to intensive UVA and visible light in the presence of endogenous photosensitizer riboflavin are discussed.
Experimental assessment of influence of soil moisture on the 137Cs accumulation in shoots of spring wheat
Authors: Nikitin A. N. , Shurankova O. A. , Cheshyk I. A. , Leferd H. A. , Mishchenko Ya. V. , Zhukovskaya E. V. , Sukhareva D. V.
Published: May 2020

The aim of this research was to analyze the effect of soil moisture regime on the intensity of 137Cs transfer into cereals using spring wheat as a model species. Accumulation of 137Cs in shoots of spring wheat grown on soil substrates differ by water and nutrients content was analyzed. The investigated water regimes were 40 % (insufficient moisture supply), 70 % (optimal moisture supply) and 85 % (excessive moisture supply) of full moisture capacity of the soils; substrates with optimal and low content of essential mineral nutrients were used in the experiment. The plants were grown in a chamber with controlled climate conditions. Increasing water content in the soil from 40 to 85 % of the total moisture capacity significantly reduces the 137Cs content in plants. The shape of the relationship between soil moisture and the soil-to-plant transfer of 137Cs depends on the agrochemical characteristics of the soil. The difference in the radioisotope accumulation in the shoots of wheat grown on extreme water regimes is about four times when substrate with optimum content of nutrients was used. The difference is less than two times when substrate with a low content of essential nutrients was used; moreover, there are no differences between the 70 and 85 % variants on a substrate with low content of nutrients. The revealed dependencies cannot be explained by the change in the share of bioavailable forms of 137Cs in the soil since it does not significantly change in soils with different moisture regimes.
One-pot synthesis of cyclic β-dicarbonyl compounds as synthons for 11-deoxyprostanoids
Authors: Pashkovsky F. S. , Dontsu Yu. S. , Korneev D. I. , Rubinov D. B. , Lakhvich F. A.
Published: May 2020

One-pot synthesis of cyclic β-dicarbonyl synthons for 11-deoxyprostanoids has been developed on the basis of cyclopentane-1,3-dione and 5-phenyl tetronic acid. The obtained 2-alkyl(arylalkyl)-substituted cyclopentane-1,3-diones have been transformed into cyclopentenone precursors of 11-deoxy-PGE 1 and 11-deoxy-PGE 2 analogues.
Recent geological processes within the eastern part of the Belarusian Polesye area
Authors: Matveyev A. V.
Published: May 2020

Some features of recent geodynamics are presented. Special attention was given to those processes that cause evident deformations of the natural and antropogenic complexes, result in the damage to properties, and exert an adverse effect upon the health of the population. The spatial distribution of such processes is sketched, and some their quantitative characteristics are provided. It was concluded that the extremal features of recent geodynamics could be considered as the natural or natural-antropogenic dangers of the lithosphere class.
Lines for improving the mechanism of sustainable development of regional agri-food complexes of the Republic of Belarus
Authors: Каndratsenka S. A.
Published: May 2020

Agri-food complex of the Republic of Belarus and its regional entities are at the stage when transition to new quality of economic growth based on forming sustainable competitive potential of industries and enterprises, maximum use of reserves of performance and efficiency growth, innovation and investment activities activation taking into account world market trends, is of particular relevance. In this regard, it is required to analyze the stability of regional agri-food complexes based on methodology considering their features, identify the enabling factors and conditions, assess the impact of negative trends and propose ways to improve regulatory mechanisms. The paper presents the results of research of methodological and practical aspects of ensuring sustainable development of agri-food complex. Criteria, evaluation indicators, principles and basic regulatory mechanisms were developed. Based on a special methodology for arranging a system of partial and integral criteria, the stability of agri-food complex functioning in the regions of Belarus was assessed, the main factors according to effect line were identified and classified. Methodological recommendations for assessing sustainability of agricultural production at the level of districts and organizations have been developed and tested on the example of Vitebsk region, they contain groups of indicators and algorithm that allows ranking objects according to potential for sustainability and achieved production and economic results, as well as applying differentiated approaches for state regulation. A functional model for controlling sustainable development of the regional agri-food complex is presented, including target, regulatory and regulated subsystems, based on pervasive arrangement and integration of control functions and tasks.
Historiography of studying the liberal parties and their departments on the territory of Belarus at the beginning of the XX century
Authors: Trubchyk P. A.
Published: May 2020

An objective and comprehensive analysis of the course, results, significance and prospects of studying the history of liberal parties and their departments in Belarus at the beginning of the 20th century was carried out. When determining periods in the development of historiography of the study of political parties, pre-revolutionary, Soviet, and modern (or newest) historiography is distinguished. It is concluded that Russian and Belarusian historiography thoroughly, from different conceptual and methodological positions, studied the liberal movement of the early 20th century, noting almost all possible points of view on its role and place in the country’s social and political life. Further prospects for a scientific search on this issue lie on different planes: the identification and study of those factors of the socio-political development of Belarus that made impossible a historical compromise between the authorities and liberals; a more detailed study of political biographies and belief systems of representatives of the liberal movement, not only leaders, which has already been partially done, but also “simple” participants, as well as factors that influenced their worldview; a detailed study of the sociocultural environment in Belarus, in which liberal values were formed. The methodological apparatus of historical research requires updating: the use of macro- and micro-approaches of the new social history, psychohistory, semiotics; research problems must be solved by means borrowed from different fields of knowledge.
Background of terminosystem formation of archeography
Authors: Nesterovich Yu. V.
Published: May 2020

Term system formation of archeography is specific because of the fact that it includes at the present stage of development not only the terms of methods, methodology, edition theory of historical documents and terms of practical activity - editions of historical documents studied as part of archeography, but also the fields of activity related to this retro-edition, in particular, publishing affairs of other scientific disciplines working on methods of retroedicism first of all, textology. When forming the term system of archeography, ordered in accordance with the requirements of scientific methodology, the range of studied and included term units is significantly expanded, and its necessary to extrapolate the terms of related fields of knowledge, in an interdisciplinary projection. When constructing the terminological system of archeography in interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary projection, the correlation of its basic concepts with the basic concepts of documentology, the tasks of which include, among other things, the metatheoretical generalization of the conceptual apparatus of documentary information sciences and related scientific disciplines, dramatically increases the importance. At the present stage of the development of archeography, which is characterized by competition of pre-terms and terms, displacement of first terms by second ones, there are prerequisites for building its consistent term system.
Composer’s interpretation of the Christian ethos in the music art of sovereign Belarus
Authors: Mdivani T. G.
Published: May 2020

For the first time in the Belarusian liturgical musicology analysis of the attitude of domestic composers to Christian sources: themes, images, style, church singing culture in general is carried out. It is proved that the interest of the Belarusian musicians of the period of state sovereignty focuses on two Christian denominations – the Western and Eastern European; that the compositions of composers in their essence are representatives of musical art, and not of liturgical singing practice, and also, that the basis of the composer’s work is the phenomenon of interpretation. Three types of composer interpretation of church tradition are distinguished: «leverage» (transposition, re-establishment), author’s transcription and conventionality. The main conclusion of the work: the spiritual stratum of the national musical culture of modern times, presented by composer creativity, is a peculiar aesthetic euphemism between Eastern and Western Christianity, which manifests itself in various aspects.
Adam Mickiewicz’s strategy in translating Petrarch’s sonnets
Authors: Minskevich S. L.
Published: May 2020

The article examines the VII and X ‘Odessan Sonnets’ by Adam Miсkiewicz, which are translations of the СХІІ and LXI sonnets by Petrarch from the ‘Canzoniere’. A comparative analysis of Polish and Italian texts is carried out. The problem of the loss of VII and X ‘Odessan Sonnets’ by Adam Mickiewicz when translating this cycle into other languages is noted. The study of the translation strategy of Adam Mickiewicz suggests that these sonnets can be considered as original author’s works having intertextual connections with CXII and LXI sonnets of Francesca Petrarch. This circumstance opens up the possibility for translations VII and X ‘Odessan Sonnets’ by Adam Mickiewicz into foreign languages.
Determination of limits of public control in the Russian Federation: constitutional and legal analysis
Authors: Goncharov V. V.
Published: May 2020

The article is devoted to the study of the limits of public control in the Russian Federation. Objective: to develop a legal model for determining the limits of public control in Russia as a necessary condition for the effective functioning of this institution of civil society. Objectives of the study: 1) to define the concept of limits of public control in Russia; 2) to analyze the limits of public control (spatial; time of implementation; completeness of content (its principles, goals and objectives, forms, objects, powers of subjects and their number); its assessment from the point of view of legality and legitimacy of this type of activity), having developed and having proved actions for improvement of the current Russian legislation regulating questions of public control.

In work is analysis of the limits of social control (spatial; time of implementation; the completeness of filling (according to his principles, purposes and tasks, forms, objects, and powers of the constituent entities and their amounts); the evaluation from the perspective of legality and legitimacy of the activity). The article uses a number of methods of scientific research, in particular: analysis; synthesis; classification; comparison; formal-legal; method of legal modeling; analysis of theoretical and regulatory sources; legal; formal-logical.
Reserved wages in Belarus: characteristics and evaluations
Authors: Makovskaya N. V.
Published: May 2020

The article presents the research results of the institute of reserved wages, which is a new research area in the Republic of Belarus. Reserved salaries are presented from the perspective of the methodology of labor economics. Options for assessing the level of reserved wages are discussed both from the point of view of individuals who are searching for a new job, and from the position of the state that sets its level in the national economy of the country. The work uses data from macro statistics of the Republic of Belarus for the period 2004–2016. The evaluation results showed that the reserved wages in Belarus differ from the wage rates in the country, and this indicates that its level is not overstated and it is adequate to the conditions of the Belarusian labor market. Its level stimulates the activation of employment of unemployed individuals. It is proved that in the Belarusian economy, the main determinants that affect the level of reserved wages are the number of unemployed at the age of 45 + years, youth unemployment (less than 19 years) and the number of unemployed with higher education, the level of average nominally accrued wages. Belarusian estimates showed that the result of a job search objectively depends on the level of wages.
Trend and prospects for the development of an organized community in Ukraine
Authors: Babosov Ye. M. , Zelenkov A. I.
Published: May 2020

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Penyadapan Tanaman Karet (Hevea brasiliensis Muell Arg.) di Kebun Sumber Tengah, Jember, Jawa Timur
Authors: Ismail Muhamad , Supijatno .
Published: May 2020

Tujuan dari kegiaatan magang adalah untuk meningkatkan keahlian teknik dan manajerial. Kegiatan magang dilaksanakan dari bulan Februari sampai Mei 2012 di Perkebunan Sumber Tengah, Jember, Jawa Timur. Metode magang yang digunakan adalah metode langsung dan tidak langsung. Pengumpulan data yang dilaksanakan pada kegiatan magang menggunakan metode langsung (data primer) dan metode tidak langsung (data sekunder). Data primer adalah informasi yang didapatkan secara langsung melalui pengamatan di lapangan maupun diskusi dengan KHL, mandor dan asisten kebun, sedangkan data sekunder diperoleh dari berbagai literatur. Sistem penyadapan tanaman karet yang dilakukan di Kebun Sumber Tengah sudah cukup baik mulai dari kapasitas penyadapan sampai sistem pengangkutan. Rata-rata persentase pohon tersadap di Afdeling Sumber Jambe yaitu 90.98%. Usia, pendidikan, dan pengalaman penyadap tidak menentukan kelas sadap. Kedalaman sadap di Afdeling Sumber Jambe yaitu 0.9-1.2 mm/sadap sudah sesuai dengan rekomendasi dari Balit Getas yaitu 1-1.5 mm/sadap. Ketepatan dosis stimulansia cair yang digunakan di Afdeling Sumber Jambe sudah sesuai standar yang dianjurkan yaitu 1 g/pohon/bulan tetapi ketepatan waktu aplikasi belum sesuai dengan sistem sadap yang digunakan. Terdapat beberapa aplikasi stimulansia gas yang tidak sesuai dengan standar. Kapasitas pengangkutan lateks dan lump di Afdeling Sumber Jambe sudah cukup.
Pengelolaan Pemangkasan Tanaman Kopi Arabika (Coffea arabica L.) di Kebun Blawan, Bondowoso, Jawa Timur
Authors: Sianturi Vinsensia Febrina , Wachjar Ade
Published: May 2020

Kopi merupakan salah satu komoditas perkebunan yang memiliki nilai ekonomi yang cukup tinggi. Kegiatan magang bertujuan mempelajari teknik budidaya tanaman dan pengelolaan perkebunan kopi, mempelajari dan menganalisis permasalahan yang dihadapi di lapangan mengenai pengelolaan pemangkasan serta solusi mengatasinya. Pemangkasan bertujuan agar pohon tetap rendah sehingga mudah perawatannya, dan membentuk cabang-cabang produksi yang baru. Kegiatan magang dilaksanakan di Kebun Blawan, Bondowoso, Jawa Timur, mulai bulan Februari sampai dengan Juni 2014. Pengumpulan data primer diperoleh melalui pengamatan dan praktik kerja secara langsung meliputi kegiatan pemeliharaan tanaman yaitu pemangkasan lepas panen (pengamatan cabang-cabang tanaman, tinggi tanaman, jumlah tunas yang tumbuh), sedangkan data sekunder diperoleh melalui laporan manajemen perusahaan. Analisis data yang dilakukan secara deskriptif, rata-rata dan persentase. Pemangkasan yang dilakukan termasuk dalam kategori pemangkasan ringan. Tanaman kopi yang memiliki kondisi cabang yang merata dan seimbang sangat mempengaruhi hasil taksasi produksi. Banyak cabang harus dipangkas karena cabang-cabang yang sudah tua dan terserang penyakit. Setelah melakukan pemangkasan, tanaman menghasilkan tunas-tunas baru.
Peramalan Produksi Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) di Perkebunan Sei Air Hitam berdasarkan Kajian Faktor Agroekologi
Authors: Irfanda Munandar , Santosa Edi
Published: May 2020

Kegiatan magang dilakukan di Sei Air Hitam Estate, Rokan Hulu, Riau, pada Februari sampai Mei 2012. Tujuan dari kegiatan ini adalah untuk menentukan hubungan karakter agronomi dan agroekologi dengan peramalan produksi kelapa sawit. Kegiatan magang terdiri dari beberapa pekerjaan yaitu sebagai karyawan harian lepas selama tiga minggu, sebagai pendamping mandor selama tiga minggu, dan sebagai pendamping asisten selama enam minggu. Pengamatan khusus dilakukan sebagai kegiatan tambahan misalnya mengevaluasi karakter agronomi dan agroekologi yang mempengaruhi produksi kelapa sawit. Hasil dari uji t-parsial mengindikasikan bahwa terdapat tujuh variabel yang mempengaruhi produksi kelapa sawit pada α=1% dan α=5% yaitu umur tanaman, aplikasi pemupukan, kelembaban udara, kecepatan angin, hari hujan, curah hujan, dan defisit air. Hasil analisis regresi menunjukkan bahwa terdapat enam model persamaan yang dapat digunakan untuk meramalkan produksi kelapa sawit di Sumatera.
Respon Pertumbuhan dan Fisiologi Aksesi Jarak Pagar (Jatropha curcas Linn) dalam Kondisi Cekaman Kekeringan di Pembibitan
Authors: Utama Fajar , Hariyadi .
Published: May 2020

Jatropha (Jatropha curcas Linn) merupakan salah satu bahan baku popular untuk menghasilkan bahan bakar biodiesel. Kendala yang sering terjadi, yaitu lahan yang tersedia untuk menanam Jatropha adalah lahan marjinal sehingga penting untuk mengetahui toleransi aksesi jarak pagar terhadap kekeringan. Penelitian dilakukan di Rumah Kaca, Cikabayan, Dramaga IPB. Pengujian klorofil dilakukan di laboratorium Molecular Marker, Spectrofotometry dan UV-Vis, Departemen Agronomi dan Hortikultura, Institut Pertanian Bogor. Penelitian dimulai bulan Juli 2011 dan berakhir Maret 2012. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) faktorial dua faktor, yaitu aksesi dan uji cekaman dengan ulangan tiga kali. Faktor pertama yang diamati adalah toleransi terhadap kekeringan yang dilakukan pada tiga taraf, yaitu 30%, 55%, dan 80% kadar air tanah kapasitas lapang. Faktor kedua yang diamati adalah 10 aksesi jathropa yang telah dievaluasi, diantaranya IP-3M, Jatim 013, Jatim 045, NTT 065, NTT 080, NTB 019, NTB 047, NTB 116, Sulawesi 72 dan Sulawesi 117. Berdasarkan uji klorofil a dan b yang telah dilakukan, aksesi Jatim 045 menunjukkan perlakuan dengan hasil terbaik (toleransi tertinggi terhadap kekeringan), sedangkan dari uji skor toleransi tertinggi terhadap kekeringan antara 35% dan 80% kapasitas lapang ditunjukkan oleh NTT 065 aksesi dan toleransi tertinggi terhadap kekeringan di antara 55% dan 80% kadar air tanah ditunjukkan oleh aksesi Jatim 045 dan NTB 047.