bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pencegahan Diare pada Anak dengan Metode Pendidikan Kesehatan pada Orang Tua
Authors: Anggraini Nourmayansa Vidya , Firmansyah Teguh
Published: September 2023

ABSTRAK Diare merupakan penyakit yang ditandai dengan berubahnya bentuk tinja dengan intensitas buang air besar secara berlebihan (lebih dari 3 kali dalam kurun waktu satu hari). Berdasarkan data Riskesdas 2018, prevalensi diare pada balita di Indonesia pada tahun 2013-2018 berdasarkan diagnosis sebesar 11% serta berdasarkan diagnosis dan gejala sebesar 12,3%. Tujuan dari kegiatan ini adalah memberikan edukasi pendidikan kesehatan terhadap ibu yang mempunyai anak balita dalam pencegahan diare pada balita. Metode dalam kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini adalah pemberian pendidikan kesehatan tentang diare dan pelatihan dalam pembuatan oralit. Setelah dilakukan kegiatan implementasi dalam mengatasi masalah kesehatan pada agregat balita didapatkan hasil adanya peningkatan pengetahuan, sikap dan keterampilan yang baik pada orang tua dengan balita dalam mengatasi masalah kesehatan. Kesimpulannya adalah pengetahuan orang tua yang memiliki anak balita mengalami peningkatan setelah dilakukan pendidikan kesehatan. Keterampilan dalam pembuatan oralit sendiri di rumah mengalami peningkatan setelah dilakukan demonstrasi dan redemonstrasi dalam pembuatan oralit di rumah. Kata Kunci: Balita, Diare, Oralit, Pendidikan Kesehatan  ABSTRACT Diarrhea is a disease characterized by changes in the form of feces with excessive intensity of defecation (more than 3 times in one day). Based on the 2018 Riskesdas data, the prevalence of diarrhea in toddlers in Indonesia in 2013-2018 was based on a diagnosis of 11% and based on a diagnosis and symptoms of 12.3%. The purpose of this activity is to provide health education education to mothers who have toddlers in preventing diarrhea in toddlers. The method in this community service activity is the provision of health education about diarrhea and training in making ORS. After carrying out implementation activities in overcoming health problems in the aggregate of toddlers, it was found that there was an increase in knowledge, attitudes and skills that were good for parents with toddlers in dealing with health problems. The conclusion is that the knowledge of parents who have children under five has increased after health education has been carried out. Skills in making ORS at home have increased after demonstrations and demonstrations in making ORS at home. Keywords : Toddlers, Diarrhea, ORS, Health Education
Studi Fenomenologi Kualitas Hidup Lansia Dikampung FQIR Panti Wirdha Bedaro Kabupaten Bungo
Authors: Putri Aprilla Dwi , Erfiana Erma , Putri Dian Eka
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT Quality of life that is influenced by social and environmental aspects is closely related to the environment where the elderly live. The elderly generally live with their families, but not a few elderly people live in nursing homes. This is where the importance of the wirdha home as a place to maintain and care for the elderly, in addition to being a long stay rehabilitation that still maintains community life. To explore the quality of life of the elderly in the village of FQIR Panti Wirdha Bedaro, Bungo Regency in 2023. Using qualitative methods where exploring the quality of life of the elderly by conducting in-depth interviews with 5 participants to collect data until the data is saturated. The results of the study found that the physical health of the participants among others suffered from asthma, high blood pressure and gout. In terms of psychological health, participants felt happy, participants' social relationships while in the orphanage they felt good with others, while environmentally, participants felt safe and comfortable living in anticipation. The quality of life in the aspect of physical health is not good. On aspects of psychological health, social relations, environment are good. Keywords: Quality of Life, Elderly  ABSTRAK Kualitas hidup yang dipengaruhi oleh aspek social dan lingkungan berkaitan erat dengan lingkungan tempat tinggal lansia. Lansia pada umumnya tinggal bersama keluarga, namun tidak sedikit lansia yang tinggal dipanti jompo. Disinilah pentingnya adanya panti wirdha sebagai tempat untuk memelihara dan perawatan bagi lansia, disamping sebagai long stay rehabilitation yang tetap memelihara kehidupan bermasyarakat. Untuk mengeksplorasi kualitas hidup lansia dikampung fqir panti wirdha bedaro kabupaten bungo tahun 2023. Menggunakan metode kualitatif dimana mengekplorasi kualitas hidup lansia dengan melakukan wawancara mendalam kepada 5 orang partisipan untuk mengumpulkan data sampai datanya saturasi. Hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa secara kesehatan fisik partisipan diantara lain menderita asma, tekanan darah tinggi dan asam urat. Secara kesehatan psikologis partisipan merasa senang, hubungan sosial partisipan selama dipanti mereka merasa berhubungan baik dengan yang lainnya sedangkan secara lingkungan partisipan merasakan aman dan nyaman tinggal dipanti. Kualitas hidup pada aspek kesehatan fisik kurang baik. Pada aspek kesehatan psikologis, hubungan sosial, lingkungan baik. Kata Kunci: Kualitas Hidup, Lansia
Suhu dan Lama Penyembuhan Luka di Rumah Luka Surabaya
Authors: Sukmawati Ermalynda , Mare Agustina Chriswinda Bura
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT A wound is a condition of injury to the skin that has been torn, slashed, punctured and hit by a blunt object, which can result in bruising. The damage caused by the incident; the skin will be injured. The temperature of the wound and the duration of the wound greatly affect the wound healing process. This study aims to describe the temperature of the wound and the duration of the wound in the wound healing process at Rumah Luka Surabaya. This research is descriptive research. The study population was wound care patients at the Surabaya Wound House in June 2023. The sampling technique was accidental sampling with a total sample of 36 respondents. The study was conducted by interviewing and measuring wound temperature using a thermo gun. Most of the respondents were male, 19 people (52.8%) and the respondents were late elderly, namely 13 people (36.1%). the average wound temperature was 34.58°C. The average wound length was 8.06 month Wound temperature and wound duration vary greatly. Skin that is injured or injured, will affect the temperature of the wound and the length of the wound from the healing process. Keywords: Old Wound, Wound, Wound Healing, Wound Temperature  ABSTRAK Luka merupakan suatu kondisi cedera pada kulit yang mengalami robek, tersayat, tertusuk dan terkena benda tumpul, sehingga dapat mengakibatkan memar. Kerusakan yang ditimbulkan akibat dari kejadian tersebut, maka kulit akan mengalami luka. Suhu luka dan lama luka sangat mempengaruhi dalam proses penyembuhan luka. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran suhu luka dan lama luka dalam proses penyembuhan luka di Rumah Luka Surabaya. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif. Populasi penelitian adalah pasien rawat luka di Rumah Luka Surabaya pada bulan Juni 2023. Teknik pengambilan sampel adalah accidental sampling dengan total sampel sebanyak 36 responden. Penelitian dilakukan dengan wawancara dan pengukuran suhu luka dengan menggunakan termogun. Sebagian besar responden dengan jenis kelamin laki – laki sebanyak 19 orang (52,8%) dan responden berusia lansia akhir yaitu sebanyak 13 orang (36,1%). ata-rata suhu luka adalah 34,58°C. Rata-rata lama luka adalah 8,06 bulan. Suhu luka dan lama luka sangat bervariasi. Kulit yang mengalami luka atau cedera, akan mempengaruhi suhu luka dan lama luka dari proses penyembuhan. Kata Kunci: Lama Luka, Luka, Penyembuhan Luka, Suhu Luka
Pengaruh Terapi Musik terhadap Tingkat Kecemasan pada Pasien Pre Operasi di RSUD Kabupaten Bekasi
Authors: Widiawati Widhi , Cusmarih Cusmarih
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT  Surgery is an invasive procedure that involves opening the part of the body to be treated. The initial stage of this process involves an incision in the body. Meanwhile, surgery is an action performed in the operating room according to a predetermined procedure. The surgery is performed by a specialist doctor who acts as a surgical operator. In general, surgery can be classified into two types, namely minor surgery and major surgery. To determine the effect of music therapy on anxiety levels in preoperative patients at Bekasi District Hospital in 2023. This research is a quantitative type study with a pre-experimental design that uses the one group pretest-post test design, because this study aims to compare the results of the intervention group's pretest and posttest intervention. The results of data processing with SPSS obtained a sig (2-tailed) value of 0.001 <0.05. So it was concluded that there was a significant difference between the level of anxiety in the pretest and posttest data. Based on the research data and discussion, the researchers concluded that giving music therapy can have a significant effect on reducing anxiety levels in preoperative patients at Bekasi Regency Hospital in 2023. Keywords: Anxiety Level, Music Therapy, Surgery  ABSTRAK Operasi adalah sebuah tindakan invasif yang melibatkan pembukaan bagian tubuh yang akan diperlakukan. Tahap awal dari proses ini melibatkan sayatan pada tubuh. Sementara itu, pembedahan adalah suatu tindakan yang dilakukan di ruang operasi sesuai dengan prosedur yang telah ditetapkan. Pembedahan dilakukan oleh seorang dokter spesialis yang bertindak sebagai operator bedah. Secara umum, pembedahan dapat diklasifikasikan menjadi dua jenis, yaitu operasi kecil dan operasi besar. Mengetahui pengaruh terapi musik terhadap tingkat kecemasan pada pasien pre operasi di RSUD Kabupaten Bekasi Tahun 2023. Penelitian ini berjenis kuantitatif dengan desain pre-experiment rancangan yang menggunakan the one group pretest-post test desaign, karena penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan hasil pretest kelompok intervensi dan posttest intervensi. Hasil pengolahan data dengan SPSS maka diperoleh nilai sig (2-tailed) sebesar 0.001 < 0.05. Maka disimpulkan bahwa ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara tingkat kecemasan pada data pretest dan posttest. Berdasarkan data hasil penelitian dan pembahasan, maka peneliti menyimpulkan bahwa pemberian terapi musik dapat memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan dalam menurunkan tingkat kecemasan pada pasien pre operasi di RSUD Kabupaten Bekasi tahun 2023. Kata Kunci :Tingkat Kecemasan, Terapi Musik, Operasi
A young Female of Cowden Syndrome Presenting with Lhermitte- Duclos Disease: A Case Study
Authors: Noman Abdullah Al , Mokbul Mobin Ibne , Rana Md Sumon , Hasan Md Motasimul , Islam Md Shafiqul , Hossain A B M Manwar , Asaduzzaman S M
Published: September 2023

Cowden Syndrome (CS) is a rare autosomal dominant inherited genetic disorder due to germline mutations in the phosphatase and tensing homologue (PTEN) tumor suppressor gene in chromosome 10 characterized by multiple hamartomata’s lesions of ectodermal, mesodermal and endodermal origin. Lhermitte-Duclos Disease (LDD), or dysplastic gangliocytoma, which is a benign hamartomata’s condition involving the cerebellum with less than 300 cases reported in the literature. Previous studies suggest an association between CS and LDD. We present here a case of a 28-year female patient presented at the emergency department of our hospital with severe headache associated with vertigo, vomiting & cerebellar ataxia. Papilledema was noted on fundoscopy. Non-attenuating hypodense mass lesion in posterior fossa was found in CT scan. MRI scan T1WI film revealed mixed intensity posterior fossa lesion and T2WI film revealed inhomogeneous hyperintense lesion with almost preserved cerebellar cortical striations. USG revealed numerous polyps in the gallbladder with cholelithiasis. Her facial skin has extensive trichilemmoma. Her symptoms improved after excision of posterior fossa lesion through suboccipital craniectomy and histopathology revealed dysplastic cerebellar gangliocytoma i.e., Lhermitte-Duclos disease. Using the Cleveland Clinic Adult Clinical Scoring for PTEN Testing, the patient had an 82-98% chance for a PTEN gene mutation. Finally, she along with her family was adequately counseled and was advised for regular screening and monitoring.
Bang. J Neurosurgery 2022; 12(1): 41-46
Analisis Hubungan Antara Tingkat Pendidikan Dan Perilaku Berisiko Dengan Angka Kejadian Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) Di Desa Mayangrejo
Authors: Putra Anak Agung Sagung Ayu Saraswati , Shintia Ariani Yunita , Lusno Muhammad Farid Dimjati , Ardyanto w Denny , Irwanto Bian Shabri Putri , Syafi'i Imam , Fadli Rino Choirul , Rokhman Arifatur
Published: September 2023

Dengue hemorrhagic fever emerges in tropical countries like Indonesia. Bojonegoro is one of the highest districts with increased cases in East Java. The high incidence of dengue hemorrhagic fever in Bojonegoro is riveting to be explored related to some causative factors, including education and community behavior. Moreover, education affects an individual level of knowledge, which will impact a person's behavior that potentially affects the public health degree, especially the incidence of dengue hemorrhagic fever. This study aimed to determine the relationship between education and risky behavior in dengue hemorrhagic fever incidence in Mayangrejo Village, Bojonegoro Regency, East Java. A cross-sectional approach was used within a total population of 302 participants, and the Lemeshow sampling technique reached 67 respondents. Data were collected using a questionnaire distributed to residents' homes, while the Fisher's Exact Test was used for data analysis. The results showed a significant relationship between behavior and the incidence of dengue hemorrhagic fever (p-value = 0.024), and there was a relationship between education level and the incidence of the disease (p-value = 0.022). Performing health education and undertaking one House one Jumantik program is then recommended.
Pengembangan Aplikasi Medication Reminder Kontrol Berbasis Android Bagi Keluarga Untuk Program Pengobatan Pasien Kusta
Authors: Dahoklory Dorsina Fransisca , Haryanto Joni , Indarwati Retno
Published: September 2023

Cystitis is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae that, if left untreated, causes lasting impairment, worsens the patient's psychological health, and even reduces productivity. The importance of health and the willingness to adhere to a treatment plan are heavily influenced by the family, who are the patient's closest relatives. Smartphones are a communication and information source that are readily available to society in the age of digitization because of its effectiveness in terms of time, energy, and cost. Proof is still required for the development of this application. An exploratory design and two-stage RD methodologies are used in the study. The examination of patient compliance with therapy and the support of their families during the first stage of application prototype. Evaluation using purposive sampling techniques in 20 patients. The second stage of socialization and application eligibility testing in 10 patients Data collection using questionnaire. Data analysis is done descriptively and analytically. The results of the study showed relatively good family support (50%) and low patient medication adherence (80%). At the development stage, the app produces menus for patients and families: education, checking records, calendars, and consultations. The test results of the application have received good acceptance from users. The development of the medication reminder application can be used as a medium to help the cyst patient and their family complete the treatment program received by the patient.
Pengetahuan Dan Pengalaman Kepala Keluarga Berhubungan Dengan Kesiapsiagaan Bencana Gempa Bumi
Authors: Ningsih Dwi Putri Sulistiya , Effendi Effendi , Rahmawati Ida , Khanifah Yani
Published: September 2023

Large-scale disasters such as earthquakes, tsunamis, and floods can occur in the province of Bengkulu. The National Disaster Management Agency documented earthquake disasters of high magnitude over ten years between 2010 and 2020, with impacts ranging from casualties to infrastructure damage. To reduce the disasters' impact, community preparedness is needed. This research aims to understand the relationship between knowledge and experience of disasters with the head of the family preparedness in the face of the danger of earthquakes in the Gulf of Sepang District, Bengkulu City. The descriptive-analytical research design with a cross-sectional approach was used. The study was conducted in May-July 2022 with a population of 899 household leaders in the Gulf of Sepang District, Bengkulu City. A large sample of 90 household leaders was selected using proportional sampling techniques. The univariate and bivariate data were analyzed using descriptive and Chi-square statistics. The results showed a significant relationship between knowledge and preparedness (p-value = 0,001) with a strong coefficient contingency score (C = 0,653). There was a significant relationship between household leaders' experience and readiness (p-value = 0.001) with a strong coefficient contingency score (C = 0,603). Increasing the role of community leaders in developing community-based disaster management initiatives to reduce the impact of disasters is recommended.
Pengaruh Paritas Dan Hemoglobin Terhadap Kejadian Preeklamsia
Authors: Restiana Riza , Ernawati Ernawati , Atika Atika
Published: September 2023

Preeclampsia is one of the leading causes of maternal morbidity and mortality in the world. Parity factors and hemoglobin are suspected of increasing the incidence of preeclampsia. This study aims to determine the effect of parity and hemoglobin on the incidence of preeclampsia. This research is an observational analytic study with a prospective design. The population in this study were preeclampsia pregnant women and healthy pregnant women at Aghisna Medika Kroya General Hospital and Cilacap Regional General Hospital in August–November 2021, with the following inclusion criteria: gestational age 20 weeks, single pregnancy, willingness to become research subjects, and having gadgets. Exclusion criteria were pregnant women who had incomplete medical record data. A total of 36 respondents in the case group were taken by total sampling technique, and 36 respondents in the control group were taken by purposive random sampling technique with a ratio of 1:1. Statistical test using Chi-Square The results showed that 63.89% (23 people) in the case group and 58.33% (21 people) in the control group were multiparas (p = 0.326 0.05), while 69.45% (25 people) in the case group and 58.33% (21) in the control group had normal hemoglobin levels (p = 0.326 0.05). These data show that there is no effect of parity or hemoglobin level on the incidence of preeclampsia.
Merintis Usaha Skala Rumah Tangga melalui Pelatihan Pengelolaan Sampah Organik dan Budidaya Larva Black Soldier Fly di Jatimurni, Pondokmelati, Bekasi
Authors: Sutarno Herman Yosep , Jaya Laban Eka , Wibowo Dwi Yunti , Pramitasari Rianita , Prasetya Wibawa , Tjhintia Veronica , Prokoso Istiqfar Panji Wimast
Published: September 2023

Komunitas peduli lingkungan hidup di Jatimurni, Bekasi aktif bercocok tanam di pekarangan rumah serta memelihara ikan dan ayam untuk memenuhi kebutuhan rumah tangga. Akan tetapi, anggota komunitas memiliki kendala dalam pengadaan pakan ikan dan ayam, serta pengelolaan sampah organik. Tujuan dari pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini ialah untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan anggota komunitas dalam pengelolaan sampah organik rumah tangga dan memberikan pelatihan budidaya larva BSF sebagai salah satu bentuk kegiatan pengelolaan sampah organik. Kegiatan pengabdian dilakukan pada bulan September-November 2021 melalui tahapan-tahapan: koordinasi dengan komunitas peduli lingkungan hidup; penyampaian informasi kegiatan ke perangkat desa; penyuluhan pemanfaatan limbah dan usaha skala rumah tangga, serta budidaya larva Black Soldier Fly (BSF) melalui webinar; dan pelatihan budidaya larva BSF. Penyuluhan pengelolaan sampah rumah tangga dan pelatihan budidaya larva BSF kepada para anggota komunitas telah berhasil dilaksanakan. Para peserta memberikan komentar positif terhadap kegiatan dan menilai bahwa kegiatan tersebut menambah pengetahuan dan keterampilan serta bermanfaat untuk peserta.
Fasilitasi Penyusunan Rencana Kerja Pemerintah Desa (RKP Desa) Yang Berbasis Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) Desa di Desa Betteng
Authors: Tamrin Saddam Husain , Sajidin Muhammad , Nurdiyah  , Rakasiwi Fajar , Anfas
Published: September 2023

Perencanaan Desa saat ini diharuskan mengacu kepada SDGs Desa. Dokumen RKP Desa adalah salah satu dokumen penting yang disusun setiap tahunnya oleh pemerintah desa, Pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk menciptakan adanya pendampingan dan memfasilitasi penyusunan dokumen RKP Desa yang berbasis SDGs Desa di Desa Betteng Kecamatan Pamboang Kabupaten Majene. Pengabdian ini melibatkan kolaborasi antara dosen dan mahasiswa Universitas Terbuka dan dosen Universitas Sulawesi Barat. Adapun tahapan yang dijalankan sebagai berikut 1) Persiapan dan Koordinasi dengan Pemerintah Desa; 2) Pelaksanaan sosialisasi SDGs Desa; 3) Mengadakan pelaksanaan kegiatan Focus Group Diskusi; 4) Fasilitasi Penyusunan Dokumen RKP Desa yang berbasis SDGs kepada wilayah pedesaan. Berdasarkan kegiatan yang diadakan maka diperoleh hasil yang diharapkan dapat memberikan fasilitasi kepada pemerintah desa Betteng dalam menyusun RKP desa yang berbasis SDGs Desa. Selain itu, ada harapan agar pemerintahan yang ada di desa mampu memahami bagaimana menyusun sekaligus mengaplikasikan SDGs Desa di wilayah pedesaan Betteng, Kecamatan Pamboang, Kabupaten Majene, Provinsi Sulawesi Barat.
Standardization of the Pharmaceutical Substance of Lithium Salt Gamma-lactone of 2,3-dehydro-l-gulonic Acid as a Radio-sensitizing Agent
Authors: Tretyakova M. S. , Krivoshchekov S. V. , Plotnikov E. V. , Dorozhko E. V. , Voronova O. A. , Larkina M. S. , Brazovskiy K. S. , Belousov M. V.
Published: September 2023

Introduction. It was found that in combination with radiation exposure, high doses of lithium salts have a depressing effect on tumor leukemia cells. The selection of the appropriate anionic component makes it possible to obtain pronounced radiosensitizing properties. The lithium salt of gamma-lactone 2,3-dehydro-L-gulonic acid is a promising compound for the creation of radiosensitizing drugs. It was found that this compound exhibits high antioxidant activity among other lithium salts, while showing a pronounced radiosensitizing effect. This radiosensitizing effect is dose-dependent and manifests itself in high concentrations in combination with photon or neutron irradiation. The potential antitumor effect, due to radiosensitization, is realized through the induction of oxidative stress, which implies, first of all, an increase in cytotoxic effects on rapidly proliferating tumor cells. The obtained results provide the necessary basis for the creation of drugs with radiosensitizing activity.

Aim. The aim of this work is to conduct an analytical assessment of the content of the active substance and establish the main indicators of the quality of the substance, regulated by the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation.

Materials and methods. During the study, the following parameters were determined: solubility, authenticity, melting point, refractive index, specific rotation, transparency of the solution, color of the solution, pH of the solution, sulfate ash, heavy metals, impurities, water content, residual organic solvents, microbiological purity and a number of others.

Results and discussion. A draft specification for the pharmaceutical substance of the lithium salt gamma-lactone 2,3-dehydro-L-gulonic acid has been developed. The optimal parameters for the control of the composition and physico-chemical characteristics and quantitative determination of the pharmaceutical substance have been determined, which is the main task for the pharmaceutical development of the drug. The results obtained make it possible to conduct a comprehensive characterization of the FS and evaluate the quality parameters of the product, which creates the basis for obtaining a dosage form and further studying the properties for creating a drug with a radiosensitizing effect.

Conclusion. In the course of the work, experimental samples of the lithium salt gamma-lactone 2,3-dehydro-L-gulonic acid were synthesized and its standardization as a pharmaceutical substance was carried out in accordance with the requirements of the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation.
Biopharmaceutical Properties of New Mucoadhesive Dosage Form for Eye Degenerative Diseases Treatment
Authors: Anurova M. N. , Bakhrushina E. O. , Lapik I. V. , Turaeva A. R. , Demina N. B. , Sysuev B. B. , Krasnyuk I. I.
Published: September 2023

Introduction. Degenerative retinal diseases, including glaucoma, are the main cause of vision loss in the adult population. The development and improvement of drug treatment of this group of diseases is an urgent problem.

Aim. Study of a new dosage form of methylethylpyridinol in the form of an ophthalmic gel.

Materials and methods. The objects of the study were samples of eye gels containing methylethylpyridinol, for which mucoadhesion was studied by a combination of in vitro / ex vivo methods. Biodegradation and release kinetics of the active substance from the dosage form were studied using a dissolution tester in an artificial tear fluid medium. The shelf life of the dosage form was established in accordance with the stability study program. Determination of the local irritative action was carried out by conjunctival test in 10 rabbits of chinchilla breed weighing 3,6–4,1 kg.

Results and discussion. The article presents the results of the study of biopharmaceutical characteristics of the previously developed ophthalmic gel of methylpyridinol based on a nonionic polymer – hydroxyethylcellulose brand Natrosol™ 250 HHX. A comparative study of mucoadhesion by in vitro / ex vivo flow of ophthalmic gel samples in the range of hydroxyethylcellulose concentration in the gel of 1–1.5 % was performed. The sample with 1.5 % polymer content had the best adhesive characteristics because it had a minimum flow rate: in vitro 2.7 · 106 m/s and ex vivo 2.3 · 106 m/s. Dissolution kinetics and visual biodegradation of the sample after "Dissolution" test were studied, which indicates prolonged release of methyl ethyl pyridinol from the gel. The stability of the developed dosage form under long-term and stress conditions was shown. The local irritating effect was estimated by the conjunctival test.

Conclusion. The main biopharmaceutical characteristics of the developed ophthalmic gel methylpyridinol were determined and it was shown that it can be used as a delivery system for the treatment of degenerative retinal diseases because it possesses marked bioadhesive properties and prolonged release. The shelf life of the dosage form was determined, which was 2 years. Stress studies of methylethylpyridinol gel were carried out. The developed ophthalmic gel has no local irritating effect.
Development and Study of Antibacterial In situ Coatings for Processing Implants
Authors: Bakhrushina E. O. , Popova A. A. , Pomytkina M. V. , Anurova M. N. , Demina N. B. , Krasnyuk I. I.
Published: September 2023

Introduction. Periprosthetic infections are a major problem in orthopedic surgery. The most optimal way to influence the bacterial film is to suppress the early stages of its formation. The use of hydrogel coatings for the prevention of periprosthetic infections is an effective measure, while the process of coating the implant can be simplified due to the use of in situ systems.

Aim. The purpose of the research is to develop and study antibacterial in situ coatings for preoperative treatment of implants.

Materials and methods. In the experiment we used poloxamers Kolliphor® P 407 and Kolliphor® P 188 (BASF, Germany), hyaluronic acid high-molecular PrincipHYAL® (1400–1800 kDa), low-molecular PrincipHYAL® (400–600 kDa), mixture of high, medium and low-molecular acids PrincipHYAL® Cube3 (ROELMI HPC Srl, Italy). As screening methods for identifying the optimal composition, we used gelation temperature measurements, pH measurements, studies of rheological properties, and microbiological tests.

Results and discussion. During the experiment, we found the optimal concentration of hyaluronic acid 1400–1800 kDa – 0.5 %, at which the studied composition at a temperature of 4.5 ± 0.5 °C was a homogeneous liquid, and it made a sol-gel transition when heated. It was revealed that hyaluronic acid had no significant effect on the gelling temperature, so we added poloxamer 188. We also established the influence of the hyaluronic acid molecular weight on the in situ systems characteristics. High molecular weight hyaluronic acid stabilized the viscosity values and improved the adhesive properties of the system, samples with medium and low molecular weight hyaluronic acid showed lower dynamic viscosity values at the phase gel-sol transition end. We tested the optimal composition (containing 18.0 % poloxamer 407, 2 % poloxamer 188, and 0.5 % hyaluronic acid (1400–1800 kDa) adhesion to the titanium plate. When exposed to the paddle stirrer (rotation speed 20 rpm) for 15 minutes and stored in the thermostat (37,0 ± 0,5 °C) for a week, the analyzed composition showed adhesion strength, which makes it possible to use it for coating.

Conclusion. By multistage screening a sample was selected for introduction of a model antibacterial component representing a cocktail of bacteriophages Klebsiella pneumonia, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli. Microbiological studies showed good compatibility of the immunobiological substance with excipients, which indicated the prospects for further preclinical studies.
Composition and Content of Hydrolysable Tannins in Feijoa Leaves, Acca sellowiana
Authors: Krol T. A. , Baleev D. N. , Ossipov V. I.
Published: September 2023

Introduction. Acca sellowiana, or feijoa belongs to the Myrtaceae family and it is an evergreen shrub or small tree 4–6 meters high. The phytochemical composition has been most thoroughly studied in the fruits of A. sellowiana. It has been shown that feijoa is rich in phenolic acids, hydrolysable and condensed tannins, steroidal saponins, and flavonoids. Hydrolysable tannins are known to have high biological activity.

Aim. To study the composition and content of hydrolysable tannins in the leaves of A. sellowiana.

Materials and methods. Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detection and mass spectrometry.

Results and discussion. The results obtained showed the presence of 22 phenolic compounds in the extract of the A. sellowiana leaves. They have been classified as flavan-3-ols, flavonoids and hydrolysable tannins. Two compounds could not be identified. The total content of hydrolysable tannins was 44,28 mg/g (90 % of the total phenolic content). At the same time, ellagitannins were the main phenolic compounds of the extract (40,47 mg/g), while the amount of galloyl-glucose was only 3,81 mg/g.

Conclusions. Composition and content of hydrolysable tannins in the leaves of A. sellowiana introduced in the greenhouse of VILAR have been studied. The leaves accumulate mainly monomeric ellagitannins represented 92 % of the total content of hydrolysable tannins. The data obtained indicate that the leaves of A. sellowiana can be used as a raw material for obtaining extracts with a high content of ellagitannins and developing drugs based on them.
STUDENTS' COMPETENCE IN PRONOUNCING ENGLISH IMPERATIVE SENTENCES AT ENGLISH LANGUAGE EDUCATION STUDY PROGRAM OF KHAIRUN UNIVERSITY
Authors: Amanda Firman , Aboe Roswita M. , Bahara Susana R.
Published: September 2023

This study aims to investigate the competence of third semester students in pronouncing imperative sentences. This research took place at the English Language Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Khairun Ternate. This study used a descriptive qualitative method to explain and describe students’ competence of the third semester of the English education study program in pronouncing imperative sentences. There were 30 students who participating in this study. The technique data collection used the observation and took audio recording from each student. The technique data analysis used pronunciation application and google translate. It was found out that 22 students (73.33%) obtained excellent score. Then seven students (23.33%) obtained good score. And one student (3.33%) test result is sufficient score. In summary, the average score of students in pronouncing English imperative sentences is excellent with a total average score of 84.74.
DIRECTIVE SPEECH ACT IN THE CARTOON MOVIE OF RAYA AND THE LAST DRAGON
Authors: Gafur Hindriyani , Latif Taib , Lestari Sri Ayu Budi
Published: September 2023

This research discusses speech acts which are one of the basic elements in pragmatics. Speech acts consist of five categories, one of which is directive speech acts. This study aims to identify the types of directive speech acts contained in the cartoon film Raya and the last dragon, and also to determine the function of the directive speech acts used in the film. This study uses descriptive qualitative method in analyzing data. Data collection was carried out by reading film scripts and watching films to analyze the body movements, gestures and dialogues of each character. The results of the analysis show that there are eight types of directive speech acts found in the film, namely Question, Command, Advice, Asking, Entreating, Prohibiting, Permitting and Suggestion. Besides that, the general function of these types of directive speech act was found.
TERNATE MALAY CODE MIXING IN ENGLISH TEACHING LEARNING PROCESS AT SMA NEGERI 2 KOTA TERNATE
Authors: Mahmud Suratmin S. Hi. , Ismail Anwar , Ajam Ali
Published: September 2023

The objective of this research was to determine the types of Ternate Malay code mixing used by teachers and the reasons for its use in SMA Negeri 2 kota Ternate. This research use a descriptive qualitative method using a descriptive approach. The research subjects consisted of English teachers in grades X and XI. The results of this study indicated that teachers used three types of code mixing, namely inner code mixing, outer code mixing, and hybrid code mixing. The it was also found that three reasons for using code mixing, include the teacher's desire to explain and translate the material, the teacher lacks English vocabulary and it has become a habits.
MAXIM VIOLATION IN MAMA FILM BY ANDRES MUSCHIETTI
Authors: Soleman Ujilifa , Ajam Ali , Ismail Anwar
Published: September 2023

This research aims to find out violations of the cooperative principle maxims contained in the film Mama. The theory used in this research is Grice's theory. This research uses a descriptive qualitative method to explain and describe every violation of the maxims contained in the film. The subject of this research is the Film Mama by Andres Muschietti. In conducting this research, researcher used the technique to collect data from watching movies and reading Mama's film scripts. After analyzing the film Mama, the researcher found four violations of the cooperative principle maxims namely: 4 violations of maxims Quantity, 5 violations of maxims Quality, 15 violations of maxims Relation and 17 violations of maxims Manner. The violation of the maxims most dominant violated by the characters in the film Mama is maxims Manner and violation of the maxim rarely found in this film is maxim of quantity.
MAKNA VERBAL DAN NONVERBAL DALAM TARIAN LALA KAJIAN ANTROPOLINGUISTIK
Authors: Wahab Justam , Muhammad Darlisa
Published: September 2023

Research purposes knowing how verbal and non-verbal meanings in the anthropolinguistic study lala dance! To what extent are the verbal and non-verbal meanings in the anthropolingusistic lala dance? Research Methods Research Methodology Researchers used a qualitative descriptive method. Qualitative research is a study aimed at describing and analyzing phenomena, events, social activities, attitudes, beliefs, perceptions, thoughts, people individually or in groups. The results of the observations that the researchers obtained while conducting the research started from January 3, 2023 to February 5, 2023. Based on the results of observations made by researchers in the research process in Sagea Village, North Weda District, Central Halmahera Regency, the Lala traditional dance movement was taken from the story of a woman which mimics the movements of seagulls when they are preparing to jump to catch fish.
ENHANCING STUDENTS’ SPEAKING SKILL THROUGH OUTDOOR LEARNING METHOD AT ENGLISH LANGUAGE EDUCATION STUDY PROGRAM OF FOURTH SEMESTER STUDENTS KHAIRUN UNIVERSITY IN ACADEMIC YEAR 2022/2023
Authors: Jasin Hamida A. , Wicaksono Muhammad Arif
Published: September 2023

This research entitled “Enhancing Students’ Speaking Skill through Outdoor Learning Method of Fourth Semester Students of English Language Education Study Program at Khairun University  in Academic Year 2022/2023” is intended to: to find out the implementation of outdoor learning in teaching speaking skill, and to find out the enhancing of students’ speaking skill through the implementation of outdoor learning. In this study the researcher uses action research because the researcher describes the data inform of words rather than numbers. The researcher uses functional text uses students of fourth semester of English Language Education Study Program as the data source of this research. The research instrument used by the writer is in the form of observation checklist, and test. The data is in the research  are mainly gathered through the use of pre-test, observation, questionnaires, and post test. In analyzing the data, the researcher applies descriptive tehnique. After the data are collocted, they are analyze based on five indicators; fluency,pronunciation, grammar, vocabulary and accuracy in the functional text. The result shows that the implementation of outdoor learning method through three types pre- activity outdoor, while activity outdoor, and post-activity outdoor can improve the students’ speaking skill. The implementation of outdoor learning method can improve the students’speaking skill of English language education study program  Khairun University in academic year 2022/2023. In the pre-test result, in which they formerly did not learn using outdoor learning methods , the mean of pre-test was 58.02. After they learn English using outdoor learning method, the mean  of post test was 70,8.
USING CRITICAL READING TASKS TO IMPROVE STUDENTS’ READING COMPREHENSION AT SMA NEGERI 6 KOTA TIDORE KEPULAUAN
Authors: Safrudin Kartini , Latif Saiful , Ismail Anwar
Published: September 2023

The research purpose to know the extent to which using critical reading tasks significantly develop students’ reading comprehension at SMA Negeri 6 Kota Tidore Kepulauan. This research used quantitative method by using pre-experimental design. By Varaprasad in Rajabi Tabatabaee (2015), the procedure of implementing critical reading tasks are: previewing, annotating, summarizing, analyzing, re-reading, and responding. The research sample involving 25 students of XI IPA, that chosen using simple random sampling technique. The data were collected from pretest and protest. The result of this research shows that the mean score of posttest is higher (83.2) than the pretest mean score (52.8). The value of the t-test (9.184) exceeds the t-table value (1.711) at the significance level of 0.05 and the degree of freedom of 24 using one tailed test. Thus, the alternative hypothesis (Hi) is accepted and the null hypothesis (H0) is rejected. It concludes that using critical reading tasks can significantly improve students’ reading comprehension, since there is significance difference between students’ reading comprehension score before and after using critical reading tasks to teach reading comprehension is given.
STUDENTS’ ANXIETY IN LEARNING ENGLISH AT ENGLISH EDUCATION STUDY PROGRAM KHAIRUN UNIVERSITY
Authors: Rahman Andriani Abd. , Aboe Roswita M. , Jusnita Naniek
Published: September 2023

The objective of this research was to investigate the factors contribute students’ anxiety in leaning English and their strategies to reduce the anxiety. This research used qualitative descriptive method. The subject of the research were 40 students of the second semester of the English Language Education study Program Khairun University. The data were collected by using questionnaire and interview. The result of this research show that most of the students are at “Anxious” level students. There are 18 (45%) students who experience “Anxious” level, 10 (25%) students are in “Mildly Anxious” level, 9 (22.5%) students are in “Very anxious’ level, 2 (5%) students are in “very relaxed”, an the last 1 (2.5%) students are in “relaxed” level. Furthermore, there were three factors can cause anxiety based on FLCAS, which included communication apprehension (CA), test anxiety, and fear of negative evolution and there were five strategies that the students can use to minimize their anxiety which included preparation, relaxion, positive thingking, peer seeking, resignation.
Clinical Outcomes of Coil Embolization for Unruptured Intracranial Aneurysms Categorized by Region and Hospital Size : A Nationwide Cohort Study in Korea
Authors: Ryu Bong-Gyu , Lee Si Un , Shim Hwan Seok , Park Jeong-Mee , Lee Yong Jae , Kim Young-Deok , Kim Tackeun , Ban Seung Pil , Byoun Hyoung Soo , Bang Jae Seung , Kwon O-ki , Oh Chang Wan
Published: September 2023

Objective : To analyze the outcomes of coil embolization (CE) for unruptured intracranial aneurysm (UIA) according to region and hospital size based on National Health Insurance Service data in South Korea.Methods : The incidence of complications, including intracranial hemorrhage (ICRH) and cerebral infarction (CI), occurring within 3 months and the 1-year mortality rates in UIA patients who underwent CE in 2018 were analyzed. Hospitals were classified as tertiary referral general hospitals (TRGHs), general hospitals (GHs) or semigeneral hospitals (sGHs) according to their size, and the administrative districts of South Korea were divided into 15 regions.Results : In 2018, 8425 (TRGHs, 4438; GHs, 3617; sGHs, 370) CEs were performed for UIAs. Complications occurred in 5.69% of patients seen at TRGHs, 13.48% at GHs, and 20.45% at sGHs. The complication rate in TRGHs was significantly lower than that in GHs (p=0.039) or sGHs (p=0.005), and that in GHs was significantly lower than that in sGHs (p=0.030). The mortality rates in TRGHs, GHs, and sGHs were 0.81%, 2.16%, and 3.92%, respectively, with no significant difference. Despite no significant difference in the mortality rates, the complication rate significantly increased as the number of CE procedures per hospital decreased (p=0.001; rho=-0.635). Among the hospitals where more than 30 CEs were performed for UIAs, the incidence of CIs (p=0.096, rho=-0.205) and the mortality rates (3 months, p=0.048, rho=-0.243; 1 year, p=0.009, rho=-0.315) significantly decreased as the number of CEs that were performed increased and no significant difference in the incidence of post-CE ICRH was observed.Conclusion : The complication rate in patients who underwent CE for UIA increased as the hospital size and physicians’ experience in conducting CEs decreased. We recommend nationwide quality control policies CEs for UIAs.
Decline of Marteilia cochillia in Ría de Arousa may be due to increased resistance in host Cerastoderma edule
Authors: Iglesias D , Cao A , Carballal MJ , Villalba A
Published: September 2023

A huge, unprecedented mortality of cockle Cerastoderma edule caused by the protist Marteilia cochillia, which had never before been detected in Galicia (NW Spain), brought on a cockle fishery collapse in the Ría de Arousa (Galicia) in 2012. Since then, the disease dynamic pattern in the shellfish bed of Lombos do Ulla (at the inner area of that ria) involved an overwhelming annual wave of infections and subsequent cockle mass mortality that caused the near extinction of every cohort recruited to that bed. However, a pattern shift was detected among wild cohorts recruiting since 2016, with progressive declines of marteiliosis prevalence and increments in cockle survival. This suggested 2 non-exclusive hypotheses: increasing marteiliosis resistance through natural selection, and reduced abundance and/or virulence of the parasite. A field experiment was performed to assess these hypotheses by comparing marteiliosis prevalence and severity, as well as mortality, in cockles that naturally recruited to this bed in 2017 and 2018 with those of naïve cockles collected from a marteiliosis-free area and transplanted into Lombos do Ulla in 2017 and 2018. Marteiliosis prevalence and cumulative cockle mortality quickly reached very high values among the transplanted cockles, demonstrating that the parasite remained present and virulent in the area. Conversely, marteiliosis prevalence and cockle mortality were much lower in the cockles that recruited to Lombos do Ulla, suggesting increased resistance that may have been driven by natural selection. The young age at which cockles start reproduction and the very high mortality caused by marteiliosis may have enhanced natural selection.
A geometric approach to understanding biological responses to environmental fluctuations from the perspective of marine organisms
Authors: Giménez L
Published: September 2023

A main concern in marine ecology is understanding the mechanisms driving the responses of biological systems to environmental fluctuations. A major issue is that each biological system (e.g. organism, ecosystem) experiences fluctuations according to its own intrinsic characteristics. For instance, how an organism experiences a thermal fluctuation, i.e. as a long marine heatwave or as a mild pulse, depends on its thermal tolerance and developmental time, which can vary as the fluctuation is experienced. Here, a geometric approach is explored, considering the biological perspective. Environmental fluctuations are represented as points in a ‘space of fluctuations’. The biological perspective is then defined as a coordinate frame within that space. Coordinates are given by components (e.g. amplitude and time scale) characterising each environmental fluctuation, which are then transformed into biological scales, using biological traits (tolerance and biological time). Using simulations of organisms growing under thermal fluctuations with different characteristics, the present study shows how this approach (1) enables the integration of physiology and phenology to better interpret biological responses to fluctuating environments; (2) improves our understanding of the role of adaptive plasticity as a rescue effect; and (3) facilitates our understanding of the effects of thermal fluctuations on additional organismal traits (e.g. body mass). Wider applications in the context of species persistence, coexistence, biodiversity and ecosystem function in scenarios of extreme fluctuations are also discussed.