bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploring the Mechanism for the Photocatalytic Degradation of Oxytetracycline in Water using TiO2 and Supplementary Oxidants
Authors: Thao Tran Quoc , Thu Hien Ngo Thi , Lam Phan Thanh , Huy Nguyen Nhat , Thi Pham Tan , Thanh Nguyen Trung , Toan Phan Phuoc , Thich Le Tri , Thuy Nguyen Thi
Published: November 2024

The persistent presence of antibiotics in wastewater, exemplified by oxytetracycline (OTC), poses environmental risks, necessitating robust removal strategies. This study investigates the effectiveness of photocatalysis utilizing TiO2 (P25) treated at various temperatures, combined with different oxidants such as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), potassium peroxydisulfate (PDS), potassium peroxomonosulfate (PMS) under diverse experimental conditions. The research systematically explores the impact of temperature, pH, and oxidant concentration on the efficiency of OTC degradation. Our findings reveal that the combination of P25/500, PDS, UV irradiation, and stirring demonstrates superior OTC degradation, surpassing 99% efficiency after 180 min. Optimal pH conditions are identified, emphasizing the importance of balancing acidity for enhanced performance. The study also provides insights into the optimal PDS concentration, indicating a threshold beyond which further increases yield diminishing returns. Mechanistic understanding is enhanced through scavenger experiments, elucidating the pivotal role of reactive oxygen species, particularly O2•−, in the photocatalytic process. This research offers a practical framework for TiO2-based photocatalysis in wastewater treatment, emphasizing tailored conditions for efficient antibiotic removal. The outcomes contribute valuable insights to the development of sustainable wastewater treatment protocols targeting antibiotic pollutants.
Scholars and Literati at the University of Utrecht (1636–1800)
Authors: De la Croix David
Published: November 2024

This note is a summary description of the set of scholars and literati who taught at the University of Utrecht from its inception in 1636 to 1800. For more detailed information about these individuals, please visit the comprehensive database available at https://shiny-lidam.sipr.ucl.ac.be/scholars/.
Development of Vegetable Export Business Model Based on Farmer Partnerships
Authors: Sunandar Muhammad Prayoga , Hasbullah Rokhani , Asnawi Yudha Heryawan
Published: November 2024

This study examines the development of company's business model, which initially relied on a single supplier to source vegetables, later evolved into a new business model through the introduction of partnerships with farmers, including direct purchasing and growing cabbage on the farm. Financial analysis shows a significant improvement in the company's performance, highlighted by increased revenue and greater social impact. Additionally, the company is now able to meet market demand by shipping 300 containers per year, an unprecedented achievement for the Taiwanese market. Management implications and strategic recommendations include expanding partnerships, capacity building for farmers, commitment to sustainable agricultural development, active market research and diversification of agricultural products.
The Influence of Servant Leadership and Interpersonal Communication on the Organizational Commitment of Astra Dealer Employees Padang Jati Bengkulu City
Authors: Ratnawili Ratnawili , Arini Eti , Fitri Marliza Ade
Published: November 2024

The research aimed to explore the impact of Leadership and Interpersonal Communication on the Organizational Commitment of Astra Motor Padang Jati employees in Bengkulu City. The study employed a quantitative approach, encompassing all 40 employees of Astra Motor Padang Jati Bengkulu City, chosen through total sampling. Data collection involved observation and questionnaires, and analysis was performed using the Multiple Linear Regression Test. The results highlighted the significant influence of Leadership on organizational commitment, supported by t-test findings (t_hit> t_ (α / 2) (3.493> 2.026, sig α = 0.001 <0.050), rejecting H_0 and accepting H_a. Similarly, Interpersonal Communication had a significant impact on organizational commitment, confirmed by t-test results (t_hit> t_ (α / 2) (2.689> 2.026, sig α = 0.011 <0.050), rejecting H_0 and accepting H_a. Furthermore, the combined effect of Servant Leadership (X_1) and Interpersonal Communication (X2) on Organizational Commitment (Y) at Astra Motor Padang Dealer, Bengkulu City was significant (F_count> F_Tabel, 53.112> 2.249, sig α = 0.000 <0.050), rejecting H_0 and accepting H_a. The coefficient tests revealed R = 0.864 and R ^ 2 = 0.742, indicating that 74.2% of Organizational Commitment (Y) at Astra Motor Dealer Padang Jati Bengkulu City was influenced by Servant Leadership (X_1) and Interpersonal Communication (X2), leaving 25.8% influenced by other unexamined variables.
Analisis Sebaran Kandungan Klorofil Eceng Gondok di Danau Rawa Pening
Authors: Ralita Tesya Feby , Hartoko Agus , Rahman Arif
Published: November 2024

Secara geografis Danau Rawa Pening terletak pada koordinat 7º04’00” - 7º30’00” LS dan 100º24’46” - 110º49’06” BT dengan luas 2.770 hektar. Keberadaan eceng gondok di Danau Rawa Peninig membawa dampak yang kompleks karena tingginya tingkat pertumbuhan yang disebabkan oleh beberapa faktor. Eceng gondok memiliki kandungan klorofil serta kemampuannya dalam memproduksi biomassa sehingga perlu dipelajari lebih lanjut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kandungan klorofil, nilai biomassa basah dan sebaran NDVI pada eceng gondok di Danau Rawa Pening. Jumlah stasiun yang dipilih untuk pengambilan sampel sebanyak 11 stasiun. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian yaitu penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif. Penentuan pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik non probability sampling dengan jenis teknik purposive sampling. Analisis kandungan klorofil eceng gondok menggunakan spektrofotometri dengan pembacaan gelombang 649 nm dan 665 nm. Pemetaan citra satelit Sentinel-2A menggunakan metode Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) yang memanfaatkan Band 4 (RED) dan Band 8 (NIR). NDVI dipilih untuk identifikasi vegetasi dan tingkat kesehatan eceng gondok yang ada di Danau Rawa Pening. Hasil analisis spektrofotometri, nilai klorofil tertinggi terdapat pada stasiun 2 sebesar 16,049 mg/l, nilai klorofil terendah terdapat pada stasiun 10 sebesar 5,779 mg/l. Hasil perhitungan nilai biomassa basah eceng gondok berada pada rentang 163,4 - 638,4 gr/m2. Hasil pemetaan citra satelit Sentinel-2A dengan metode NDVI menunjukkan visual yang membagi nilai indeks menjadi 4 kelas yaitu tanaman mati, tanaman tidak sehat, tanaman cukup sehat dan tanaman sangat sehat.
Vegetables grafting: Green surgical fusion to combat biotic and abiotic stresses
Authors: Janaharshini R , Velmurugan M , Indu Rani C , Venkatachalam S R , Saravanan P A
Published: November 2024

Vegetables are considered protective foods with high nutritional value and play an important role in subsistence farming, generating more income. Vegetable crops are highly sensitive to weather fluctuations, which impact their growth, flowering and fruit development and ultimately reduce yield. Grafting has become a viable green surgical option to decelerate conventional breeding approaches to enhance resilience to biotic and abiotic stresses. It is the technique of uniting 2 plants with different genetic backgrounds to create a new one, allowing genetic differences to transfer to the scion. This process offers a better alternative to chemical sterilants in mitigating certain soil-borne diseases in vegetable crops. Solanaceous and Cucurbitaceous vegetable grafting is commercially practiced and has a greater impact in farmers’ fields. Grafting is suggested to mitigate environmental changes' negative impact on vegetable quantity and quality by enhancing physiological activities in plants grafted onto rootstocks with potential traits. This method offers insights into stress response mechanisms, improves stress tolerance and enhances vegetable yield and quality. Recent research on vegetable grafting aims to promote sustainable agriculture by offering resilient, high-yielding crop varieties, such as dual-grafted Brimato, suitable for urban and suburban areas. Research is necessary to comprehend the genetic mechanism and physiological process of grafting technology, with a focus on identifying key physiological processes associated with the characteristic features of rootstock.
Ethanol extract of cassia seed alleviates metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease by acting on multiple lipid metabolism-related pathways
Authors: Li Wen , Wang Jia , Yang Yilian , Duan Chunlei , Shao Bing , Zhang Mingxiu , Wang Jiapan , Li Peifeng , Yuan Ye , Zhang Yan , Ji Hongyu , Li Xingda , Du Zhimin
Published: November 2024

Background and objective

In northern China’s cold regions, the prevalence of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) exceeds 50%, significantly higher than the national and global rates. MASLD is an important risk factor for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, including coronary heart disease, stroke, and tumors, with no specific therapeutic drugs currently available. The ethanol extract of cassia seed (CSEE) has shown promise in lowering blood lipids and improving hepatic steatosis, but its mechanism in treating MASLD remains underexplored. This study aims to investigate the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of CSEE.

Methods

MASLD models were established in male Wistar rats and golden hamsters using a high fat diet (HFD). CSEE (10, 50, 250 mg/kg) was administered via gavage for six weeks. Serum levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT), as well as liver TC and TG, were measured using biochemical kits. Histopathological changes in the liver were evaluated using Oil Red O staining, Hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). HepG2 cell viability was assessed using the cell counting kit-8 (CCK8) and Calcein-AM/PI staining. Network pharmacology was used to analyze drug-disease targets, and western blotting was used to confirm these predictions.

Results

CSEE treatment significantly reduced serum levels of TC, TG, LDL-C, ALT, and AST, and improved liver weight, liver index, and hepatic lipid deposition in rats and golden hamsters. In addition, CSEE alleviated free fatty acid (FFA)-induced lipid deposition in HepG2 cells. Molecular biology experiments demonstrated that CSEE increased the protein levels of p-AMPK, p-ACC, PPARα, CPT1A, PI3K P110 and p-AKT, while decreasing the protein levels of SREBP1, FASN, C/EBPα, and PPARγ, thus improving hepatic lipid metabolism and reducing lipid deposition. The beneficial effects of CSEE were reversed by small molecule inhibitors of the signaling pathways in vitro.

Conclusion

CSEE improves liver lipid metabolism and reduces lipid droplet deposition in Wistar rats and golden hamsters with MASLD by activating hepatic AMPK, PPARα, and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways.
The impact of varying sizes of silver nanoparticles on the induction of cellular damage in Klebsiella pneumoniae involving diverse mechanisms
Authors: Bhat Ramesa Shafi , Alonazi Mona , Aldbass Abeer Mohammad , Al-Daihan Sooad
Published: November 2024

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are extensively studied as potent antibacterial agents targeting antibiotic-resistant pathogens. Cellular damage induced through various mechanisms that can affect multiple cell components like the outer membrane, enzymes, and proteins is closely linked to their chemical and morphological characteristics. We investigated the impact of AgNPs’ size on their antibacterial effectiveness using two differently sized nanoparticles: silver nanoparticle-Citrus limon (AgCL) with an average size of 21 nm and silver nanoparticle-Citrus sinensis (AgCS) with an average size of 13 nm, derived from C. limon and C. sinensis through environmentally friendly methods. The study evaluated their antibacterial effects by assessing morphology changes via scanning electron microscopy, metabolic alterations using Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, and oxidative stress responses through biochemical markers in Klebsiella pneumoniae cells exposed to AgNPs. The results showed that both AgCL and AgCS exhibited remarkable antibacterial activity, evidenced by inhibition zones of 14 ± 1.5 and 16 ± 1.0 mm, respectively. Morphological changes in K. pneumoniae cells treated with AgNPs were size dependent, with notable alterations noted. FT-IR spectroscopy revealed size and concentration-dependent biochemical changes, particularly in shifts in functional groups involved in the fluidity of cell wall lipid, and protein structure. Exposure to AgNPs led to increased oxidative stress markers like lipid peroxides and reduced levels of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants, more prominently observed with smaller AgCS nanoparticles (13 nm). AgNPs induce oxidative stress and morphological changes in K. pneumoniae strains, with smaller nanoparticles demonstrating greater efficacy. These findings underscore the importance of nanoparticle size in optimizing the antibacterial properties against pathogens.
Stations of the Publicum Portorium Illyrici are a Strong Predictor of the Mithraic Presence in the Danubian Provinces: Geographical Analysis of the Distribution of the Roman Cult of Mithras
Authors: Chalupa Aleš , Glomb Tomáš , Sarkisjan Juraj
Published: November 2024

The article examines the relationship between the Roman cult of Mithras and members of the publicum portorium Illyrici, the Roman customs office active in the Danubian provinces, who have been discussed in previous research as potentially important carriers of this cult. To investigate this relationship and its extent, spatial proximity analysis is performed with respect to documented portorium stations and confirmed Mithraic finds. For comparative purposes, the spatial proximity between portorium stations and finds relating to other selected Graeco-Roman deities was also examined. On the basis of the results of this analysis, it is possible to conclude that Mithraic finds are located significantly closer to customs stations than those of other Graeco-Roman deities (with the exception of Jupiter, the main Graeco-Roman god) and that the presence of a portorium station strongly predicts the presence of a Mithraic cult at a given site or in its immediate vicinity, especially in the Western cluster of portorium provinces. Thus, in a nuanced form and using a quantitative method of geographical analysis, the study supports previous conclusions about the importance of portorium officials as a social group significantly involved in the spread of the Roman cult of Mithras in the Danubian provinces.
Optimizing superelastic shape-memory alloy fibers for enhancing the pullout performance in engineered cementitious composites
Authors: Umar Muhammad , Qian Hui , Almujibah Hamad , Khan Muhammad Nasir Ayaz , Raza Ali , Manan Aneel , Shi Yifei , Ali Muhammad Faizan
Published: November 2024

This study explores the effect of integrated superelastic shape-memory alloy fibers (SMAFs) on the mechanical performance of engineered cementitious composites (ECCs). Various SMAF configurations – linear-shaped SMAFs (LS-SMAFs), hook-shaped SMAFs (HS-SMAFs), and indented-shaped SMAFs (IS-SMAFs) – with diameters of 0.8 and 1.0 mm were incorporated into ECC matrices, and surface texturization was achieved through abrasive paper treatment. Their mechanical properties were assessed through single fiber pullout tests on ECC mixtures containing 1.5 and 2.0% polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), subjected to both monotonic and cyclic loading conditions. Qualitative analysis, employing scanning electron microscopy, demonstrated that the IS-SMAF configuration provided superior mechanical interlocking and fiber–matrix adhesion, with a distinct flag shape observed during tensile testing. Quantitative data indicated that IS-SMAFs significantly improved the tensile strength and pullout resistance, with slip distances of ≥5 mm and average pullout loads ranging from 263 to 403 N. LS-SMAFs demonstrated better performance compared to HS-SMAFs and LS-SMAFs in terms of tensile and pullout characteristics. Additionally, ECCs with increased PVA content exhibited enhanced withdrawal performance. Thermogravimetry analysis and X-ray diffraction provided insights into the high-temperature stability and crystalline structure of the composites. These results underscore the effectiveness of IS-SMAFs in enhancing ECC properties, offering significant implications for the development and optimization of high-performance composite materials in civil engineering applications.
Hygienic requirements regarding to population safety for cancirogenic factors of biological nature (a review)
Authors: Chekhomov Sergey Yu. , Eliseev Yuri Yu.
Published: November 2024

Objective: to identify the main trigger mechanisms of carcinogenic factors of biological nature and develop, on their basis, preventive measures to prevent the development of cancer in the population. Methodology for writing a review. A review 50 scientific papers posted in the databases Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, CyberLeninka, eLibrary.ru were analyzed. The electronic search was carried out using a combination of keywords: "carcinogenic factors of biological nature", "viruses", "bacteria", "trematodes", "preventive work", "sanitary service", "oncological morality". The depth of searches in electronic databases and citation lists amounted to more than a 10-year period from 2013 to the middle of 2024. Conclusion. An analysis of the scientific literature showed that the trigger mechanisms in the pathogenesis of the formation of EIT caused by carcinogenic factors of biological nature lie in the ability of infectious pathogens to cause inflammatory reactions, turning into chronic infections that provoke the development of cancer among the infected population. Preventive measures, in the absence of specific vaccination, can be presented in the form of a set of preventive measures aimed at ensuring the sanitary, hygienic and anti-epidemiological well-being of the population.
Analysis of CD3, CD68, CD163 and CK-19 expression in thymuses of neonatal children during infectious diseases
Authors: Mudrak Dmitry A. , Maslyakova Galina N.
Published: November 2024

Objective: to identify the features of expression of immunohistochemical markers CD3, CD68, CD163 and CK-19 in thymus cells of neonatal children with enlarged thymus who died from infectious diseases. Material and methods. Autopsy material of children of early and late neonatal period (n=33) who died in the hospitals of Saratov city served as the material of the study. The causes of death of children were pneumonia (n=17), sepsis (n=16). Morphologic material was divided into 2 groups: Group 1 (comparison) — children whose thymus gland mass corresponded to the age norm (n=19); Group 2 (study group) — children whose thymus mass exceeded the age norm (n=14). The expression of the following markers was evaluated in the study: CD3, CD68, CD163 and CK-19. Results. As a result of the study, it was found that with increasing thymus mass in its cortical substance the proportion of CD3+ cells increase 2.7 times (p=0.009), the proportion of CD68+ cells increase almost threefold (p=0.009) CD163+ cells decreases by 10% (p=0.005), and CK-19 positive cells do not form a network. Conclusion. Increased thymus mass in children of early neonatal period with infectious diseases is accompanied by disturbances in the processes of migration and differentiation of lymphocytes.
The relationship between the results of in silico and in vivo studies of hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, hepatoprotective properties of a new 1,4-dihydropyridine derivative
Authors: Ketova Elena S. , Miazina Anna V. , Bibik Igor V. , Bibik Elena Yu. , Krivokolysko Sergey G.
Published: November 2024

Objective: determination of the relationship between the results of in silico and in vivo studies of hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, hepatoprotective properties of a new 1,4-dihydropyridine derivative coded AZ-383. Material and methods. Virtual bioscreening of compound AZ-383 was carried out using Swiss Target Prediction programs. The identified biotargets were promising for the pharmacocorrection of a complex of metabolic disorders, which was confirmed in an experiment conducted on male Wistar rats. In vivo, the levels of glucose, total cholesterol, triglycer-ides, ALT, AST, and total bilirubin in the blood were studied; the microarchitecture of the rat liver was assessed after pharmacocorrection of simulated metabolic disorders with the compound AZ-383. Results. The presence of hypogly-cemic, hypolipidemic, hepatoprotective activity, and a positive effect on body weight in the compound AZ-383 was revealed. The glucose level reached 7.9±0.4 mmol/l. The body weight of rats after application of AZ-383 was at the level of 378±12 g. Under the influence of AZ-383, an increase in the number of hepatocytes was noted by 17.8%, a decrease in the size of hepatocytes by 7%, a decrease in the area of the cytoplasm and nuclei of hepatocytes by 5.2 and 18.7%, respectively, relative to the control group of animals. Conclusion. An in vivo experiment confirmed the presence of hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, and hepatoprotective properties in compound AZ-383, which corresponds to the biotargets determined in silico for this 1,4-dihydropyridine derivative.
Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Öğrencilerinin Beyin Göçüne Yönelik Tutumlarının Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Karaca Dedeoğlu Ayşegül , Aslan Yasemin , Zengin Orhan
Published: November 2024

Amaç: Bu çalışmada bir devlet üniversitesinin diş hekimliği fakültesi öğrencilerinin beyin göçüne yönelik tutumlarının değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Araştırma tanımlayıcı nitelikte kesitsel bir çalışmadır. Çalışmanın evrenini Karabük Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi’nde öğrenim gören toplam 474 öğrenci, örneklemini ise çalışmaya katılmaya gönüllü 226 öğrenci oluşturmuştur. Veri toplama aracı olarak kişisel bilgi formu ile Beyin Göçüne Yönelik Tutum Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde Epi Info (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Attlanta, Georgia, USA) ve R istatistik programları (Auckland University, New Zeland) kullanılmıştır.
Bulgular: Çalışmada katılımcıların %68,1'i diş hekimliği eğitimini tamamladıktan sonra yurtdışında çalışmayı düşündüklerini belirtmiştir. Beyin göçü düşünen öğrencilerin ülke tercihlerinde, Almanya’nın birinci sırada (%18,5), Amerika Birleşik Devletleri(ABD)’nin ikinci sırada (%13,7) ve İngiltere’nin üçüncü sırada (%11,1) yer aldığı görülmüştür. Katılımcıların %29’u dil kursu veya eğitimi için hazırlık yaptığını belirtmiştir. Öğrencilerin Türkiye dışında çalışma düşüncesinde etkili olan öncelikli nedenler arasında daha iyi ekonomik koşullar (%22,6), daha iyi bir yaşam tarzı (%17,8), daha iyi çalışma koşulları (%15,7) ve Türkiye'deki ekonomik ve siyasi istikrarsızlığın (%15,3) yer aldığı tespit edilmiştir.
Sonuç: Çalışma sonucunda diş hekimliği fakültesi öğrencilerinin çoğunluğunun mezuniyet sonrası yurt dışında çalışmayı düşündükleri tespit edilmiştir. Öğrencilerin göç tercihi üzerinde etkili olan çekici ve itici faktörlere yönelik politik ve yasal düzenlemeler yapılması, nitelikli sağlık işgücünün elde tutulması açısından değerlidir.
The Comparison of Mood Factors in Individuals having Different Periodontal Status Using Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21)
Authors: Bayırlı Ali Batuhan , Uytun Mehmetcan
Published: November 2024

Objectives: The purpose of this study was the evaluation and comparison of depression, anxiety, and stress levels in individuals who are periodontally healthy and who have gingivitis and periodontitis.
Material and Methods: This study involves 144 individuals in total, including 48 periodontally healthy patients, 48 patients who have gingivitis and 48 patients who have periodontitis. Clinical and radiological periodontal examinations of the individuals were conducted. Scores of gingival index (GI), plaque index (PI), pocket depth (PD), clinical attachment loss (CAL), and bleeding on probing (BOP) were recorded during intraoral examinations. Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21) was used to determine levels of depression, anxiety, and stress.
Results: Depression, anxiety, and stress levels were meaningfully and statistically lowest in individuals who are periodontally healthy (p
Evaluation of Pediatric Dentistry Postgraduate Education in Turkey by Specialty and PhD Students
Authors: Baş Öztürk Aybike , Çelikel Periş
Published: November 2024

Aim: Aim of our study is to evaluate pediatric dentistry education in Turkey by directing survey questions prepared considering the educational curriculum to specialization and doctoral students receiving education in different faculties.

Material and Metod: Questions prepared in accordance with the core curriculum of pediatric dentistry education published in 2021 were sent to specialization and doctoral students studying at different universities in Turkey via Google Forms. A total of 100 surveys were collected and the responses were statistically analyzed.

Result: Mostly "sufficient" responses were obtained to the questions related to the content of pediatric dentistry education. It was determined that the vast majority of the participants did not participate in scientific research. When asked about their proficiency in theoretical topics within the pediatric dentistry curriculum, they received the least responses for sedation in dental treatments, odontogenic infections and surgical treatment approaches, and minor orthodontic treatment applications, respectively. When asked about the clinical treatment practices they perform, they received the least responses for sedation in dental treatments, zirconium crown applications, and permanent tooth extractions, respectively.

Conclusion: Overall, when the responses are evaluated, it can be concluded that the pediatric dentistry education process and content in Turkey are conducted in accordance with the curriculum, but it is necessary to encourage the participation of specialization and doctoral students in academic studies. The content of pediatric dentistry education and clinical practices in Turkey should be evaluated in detail with new studies, and efforts should be made to improve the pediatric dentistry education content focusing on areas perceived as lacking.

Keyword: Survey, Pedodontics, Curriculum for Pedodontic Education.
Manuel Salazar Zúñiga: su legado artístico y musical en el cincuentenario de su benemeritazgo
Authors: Lobo Bejarano Luis Gustavo
Published: November 2024

The interest of this article is to demonstrate the greatness of Manuel (Melico) Salazar (1887-1950), the highest tenor of Costa Rica. He sang in the most famous theaters in the world, along with the best opera singers of his time.
A la humanidad lo que es del cuerpo
Authors: Vichot Borrego Laura
Published: November 2024

Menstruation is a trait that accompanies women since their adolescence, and it is a factor that expresses according to each culture different values established by patriarcal power.
Effects of adding Fe2O3 and Fe3O4 nanoparticles to soil on germination and seedling characteristics of Oriental beech
Authors: Sevik Hakan , Ucun Ozel Handan , Yildiz Yafes , Özel Halil Barış
Published: November 2024

Effects of Fe-based nanoparticles (Fe2O3 and Fe3O4) on germination parameters were studied for some seedling characteristics of Oriental beech (Fagus orientalis) seeds. Fe2O3 and Fe3O4 nanoparticle applications were made at concentrations of 400, 800, 1200, 1600, and 2000 mg/L on Fagus orientalis seeds collected from 10 different populations, and some germination and seedling characteristics were evaluated. Preliminary results generally indicated that low-dose nanoparticle applications positively affected germination and seedling characteristics, while increases in doses led to decreases in these parameters. Values obtained from high-dose nanoparticle applications were generally lower than those from the control group. The iron nanoparticles affected the parameters to different extents, Fe2O3 nanoparticles showed a significant positive effect on germination rate and radicle length, while exhibiting a significant negative effect on germination percentage and plumule length. The populations least affected by high-dose iron nanoparticle applications were Bursa Inegol, Karabuk-Yenice, and Ordu Akkus, while the most affected were the Bartin-Kumluca and Kahramanmaras-Andirin populations.
PENGARUH RASIO KEUANGAN TERHADAP HARGA SAHAM PADA INDUSTRI PARIWISATA DAN REKREASI YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA PERIODE 2021-2023
Authors: Zulfikar Zulfikar , Hergastyasmawan Angga , Hikma Putri Aynun
Published: November 2024

Penelitian ini berupaya mengevaluasi pengaruh rasio-rasio keuangan seperti Current Ratio (CR), Return on Assets (ROA), Debt to Equity Ratio (DER), Earnings Per Share (EPS), dan Total Asset Turnover (TATO) terhadap harga saham perusahaan-perusahaan dalam sektor pariwisata dan rekreasi yang tercatat di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) selama periode 2021-2023. Populasi penelitian ini terdiri dari 50 perusahaan, dan sebanyak 13 perusahaan dipilih sebagai sampel melalui metode purposive sampling. Data dianalisis menggunakan perangkat lunak SPSS Statistics versi 26. Berdasarkan hasil uji hipotesis, ditemukan bahwa secara individu, Current Ratio, Debt to Equity Ratio, dan Total Asset Turnover berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap harga saham, sementara Return on Assets dan Earnings Per Share tidak menunjukkan pengaruh signifikan. Secara keseluruhan, variabel-variabel independen dalam penelitian ini secara bersamaan berkontribusi positif dan signifikan terhadap harga saham perusahaan yang dianalisis.
The formation and development of concepts of access to court: a historical and legal context
Authors: Balatska Olha
Published: November 2024

The article is dedicated to the study of the elements of the formation and development of the judicial branch of power in specific historical periods in the context of outlining the principle of access to justice, particularly from the establishment of early states to modern times. In light of this, the article draws attention to the manifestations and signs of ensuring citizens' right of access to court from the perspective of studying the general historical progress of the judiciary. The analysis allowed the author to identify four main stages in the formation of the principle of access to justice in the world history of state and law: ancient, new, modern, and globalization. At the same time, the author emphasizes the different degrees of development and characteristic features of specific historical stages of the evolution of access to court and justice. It is established that already at the stage of formation and development of the ancient type of state and law (both Eastern and Western typologies), the formation of territoriality as one of the key components of the principle of access to justice began. Initially, judicial functions within the competence of the bodies and officials of the ancient states were combined with administrative and executive functions. The period of modern times is associated with the formulation of the political and legal idea of the separation of powers with the identification of an independent judiciary and the concept of due process, which is based on the modern notion of the ideal model of the organization and functioning of the judiciary in a democratic society. The rapid development and evolution of access to justice occurred in the modern stage, including the Florentine project of M. Cappelletti's "access to justice movement," which included a set of measures, aimed at ensuring real access to justice. The article concludes that the modern concept of access to court and justice involves its comprehension through empirical and pluralistic (multifaceted) approaches, taking into account not only obstacles and barriers to access to court and justice but also analytical data on the real state of affairs in the field of justice, considering various aspects of access to justice in the modern world
Division and spin-off as legal forms of disaggregation of economic organizations
Authors: Shcherbakova Nataliia
Published: November 2024

The article highlights the issues of division and spin-off as legal forms of disaggregation of economic organisations, provides legal regulation of these forms in Ukraine, the EU, foreign countries (Germany, Poland) and the relevant analysis of court practice.
The author identifies the general (common) features of division and spin-off of economic organisations according to the following criteria: subject composition, purpose, legal form of disaggregation, basis for legal relations; documentation of property transfer, rights and obligations; universal legal succession; and subsidiary liability. The author distinguishes special (distinctive) features of division and spin-off of economic entities according to the following criteria: legal result; legal consequences; and the moment of procedure completion.
It is substantiated that it is advisable to regulate the basic concepts and essential characteristics of disaggregation of economic organisations by means of division and spin-off in the Commercial Code of Ukraine or, in the future, in the Economic Code of Ukraine. In this regard, the author provides the wording of the relevant definitions of division and spin-off, which is proposed to be enshrined in parts 4 and 5 of Article 59¹ ‘Termination of an Economic Organization by Reorganisation’.
It is found that the analysis of court practice regarding the essence of reorganisation in the form of spin-off shows a difference in approaches, which are fundamentally opposite in nature, when: (1) spin-off is not recognised as a type of termination or reorganisation of a legal entity; (2) spin-off is defined as a form of reorganisation of a legal entity. The author proves that such ambiguity of court practice affects the consideration of a case on the merits, in particular, when changing the subject composition in land lease agreements in the event of a lessee's reorganisation by way of spin-off.
The author proposes, taking into account the legislation of foreign countries (Germany and Poland) and EU law, to introduce the following legal forms and constructions into the current legislation of Ukraine: (1) ‘division by acquisition’ (simultaneous use of the forms of division and accession), (2) ‘spin-off by acquisition’ (simultaneous use of the forms of spin-off and accession); (3) ‘separation’ (for JSC, LLC, ALC) - by the formation of a new company and by acquisition.
Transformer-based models application for bug detection in source code
Authors: Vokhranov Illia , Bulakh Bogdan
Published: November 2024

This paper explores the use of transformer-based models for bug detection in source code, aiming to better understand the capacity of these models to learn complex patterns and relationships within the code. Traditional static analysis tools are highly limited in their ability to detect semantic errors, resulting in numerous defects passing through to the code execution stage. This research represents a step towards enhancing static code analysis using neural networks.
The experiments were designed as binary classification tasks to detect buggy code snippets, each targeting a specific defect type such as NameError, TypeError, IndexError, AttributeError, ValueError, EOFError, SyntaxError, and ModuleNotFoundError. Utilizing the «RunBugRun» dataset, which relies on code execution results, the models – BERT, CodeBERT, GPT-2, and CodeT5 – were fine-tuned and compared under identical conditions and hyperparameters. Performance was evaluated using F1-Score, Precision, and Recall.
The results indicated that transformer-based models, especially CodeT5 and CodeBERT, were effective in identifying various defects, demonstrating their ability to learn complex code patterns. However, performance varied by defect type, with some defects like IndexError and TypeError being more challenging to detect. The outcomes underscore the importance of high-quality, diverse training data and highlight the potential of transformer-based models to achieve more accurate early defect detection.
Future research should further explore advanced transformer architectures for detecting complicated defects, and investigate the integration of additional contextual information to the detection process. This study highlights the potential of modern machine learning architectures to advance software engineering practices, leading to more efficient and reliable software development.
Contribution to the assessment of effect distances of atmospheric dispersion: case study
Authors: Belaid Dalila , Chaib Rachid , Nettour Djamel , Belhour Samira
Published: November 2024

Storage tanks are vital to the oil industry, functioning as essential components in the operation of oil fields. However, their strategic importance is accompanied by significant environmental risks, particularly due to atmospheric dispersion events. These events, characterized by the release and spread of pollutants such as aerosols, gases, and dust into the atmosphere, can stem from both human activities and accidental releases. The consequences are often severe, leading to considerable human, material, and ecological damage. Atmospheric dispersion of pollutants has emerged as a major environmental concern, especially within industries where storage tanks are integral to operations. This concern is magnified by increasingly stringent regulatory frameworks. Industries, particularly those operating within classified facilities subject to environmental protection laws, are now mandated to thoroughly identify, analyze, and assess potential accidental risks associated with their operations. These regulations are designed to mitigate the adverse impacts of such incidents, and this forms the object of this study.
In this study, we concentrated on the T-403A/B/C storage spheres at the ALRAR gas complex. Utilizing dynamic consequence modelling with ALOHA software, it was possible to conduct a comprehensive assessment of potential pollutant releases in the processing area. This approach allowed to meticulously map out the hazardous phenomena linked to these scenarios and to develop targeted preventive and protective measures. The findings from this study highlight the critical need for rigorous risk assessments and the implementation of proactive safety strategies. By doing so, the environmental and operational risks associated with storage tanks in the oil industry can be significantly reduced. This research underscores the imperative of integrating advanced modelling techniques and stringent safety protocols to safeguard both the environment and industry operations.
Assessing the impact of multichannel sales integration on the efficiency and competitiveness of Ukrainian retail in the context of digital commerce
Authors: Zhuk Anton , Usoltsev Ihor
Published: November 2024

One of the most significant changes the business world is currently experiencing is the progressive development and adoption of digital commerce. Taking into account the rapid development of web and Internet technologies, e-commerce is increasing volumes on a global scale and is being formed as a separate branch of the economy. Every year from 30 % to 70 % businesses of all countries (regardless of their level of development) are moving to the online environment. This is especially true for business entities that carry out trading activities.
The object of the study is the process of integrating multichannel sales in retail trade in Ukraine, with a focus on its impact on the efficiency and competitiveness of enterprises in the market. The problem under consideration is to determine the most effective methods and strategies for implementing e-commerce in the Ukrainian economy, which is under the influence of martial law and other socio-economic factors.
The main results of the study show that the integration of online and offline sales channels significantly increases business productivity. It was found that the use of omnichannel platforms can significantly improve customer interaction and increase sales. In particular, the analysis showed that properly integrated sales channels can increase the efficiency of enterprises by 20–30 %.
These results can be explained by the high level of adaptability of Ukrainian companies to new technologies and their ability to quickly integrate digital platforms into their business processes. The study also confirmed that businesses that actively use omnichannel strategies achieve higher levels of efficiency and competitiveness.
In practice, these results can be applied to the real-life conditions of Ukrainian retailers. This is especially true for small and medium-sized enterprises seeking to increase their market presence through the introduction of modern technologies and the integration of various sales channels. Using the data obtained will allow companies to optimise their business models, develop effective marketing campaigns and improve customer interaction. The findings can also be applied to the analysis of omnichannel retailing and digital commerce in other countries at different stages of retail development. This study also provides practical recommendations that may be useful for international companies and academics interested in improving retail performance.
Determination of the energy efficiency of granulation equipment based on exergy analysis
Authors: Ostroha Ruslan , Yukhymenko Mykola , Myshchenko Dmytro , Skydanenko Maksym , Ivchenko Oleksandr , Zhyhylii Dmytro , Ponomarova Liudmyla , Bocko Jozef
Published: November 2024

The object of research is the process of granulation of mineral fertilizers by applying rolling and pouring methods, as well as in fluidized and suspended layers with active hydrodynamics of flows. It is noted that the development of the main technological stages of the production of granulated fertilizers should be aimed at improving the hardware design of granulators, establishing the most rational regime and technological parameters of the process in order to increase its efficiency and reduce energy costs. It is noted that the main indicators of the efficiency of granulation plants using heat are economic costs, exergy losses, as well as reduced costs. The method of exergy analysis for the assessment of energy costs for granulation processes in different types of granulators is presented, which allows to justify the choice of rational parameters of the specified processes, taking into account energy costs and equipment efficiency. Equations are presented for determining the amount of exergy of material flows and exergy losses caused by heat exchange at finite temperature differences of technological flows at the entrance to the device and at the exit from it. The equation for determining the exergy efficiency, which characterizes the energy efficiency of the technical system, is presented. The smaller the temperature difference for the technological flows at the exit from the device, the smaller the exergy losses, the higher the value of the exergy efficiency. and, accordingly, the device will have greater energy efficiency. An exergy analysis of granulation processes in granulation towers without a cooler, in granulation towers with a cooler, fluidized bed devices and multi-stage (shelf) devices was carried out. The analysis showed that the exergy efficiency for the specified granulation plants is equal to: 64 %, 71 %, 32 % and 96 %, respectively. The obtained research results can be applied in production conditions where granulation towers and devices of fluidized or suspended layers are used. Enterprises that plan to reduce energy costs and increase the environmental safety of their technological processes can implement improvements based on the proposed methods and equations. The application of research results will contribute to the selection of more rational indicators of the granule production process, which will increase the productivity and quality of the final product.
Construction of a generalized mathematical model and fast calculations of plane-parallel rotating magnetic fields in process reactors with longitudinal currents of cylindrical inductors on a graphical calculator
Authors: Polshchikov Henrikh , Zhukov Pavlo
Published: November 2024

The object of research is a quasi-stationary rotating magnetic field (RMF) generated by cylindrical inductors with longitudinal windings in the working space of process reactors, in particular reactors designed to work with magnetic particles (MP). The RMF theory in the working space of reactors has not yet been sufficiently developed, which hinders the widespread introduction of the considered, rather complex technologies into practice. The RMF of a specific reactor can be calculated accurately and completely using modern programs based on the finite element method, but it does not replace the general theory and theoretical analysis. In the literature, special cases of circular and elliptical plane-parallel RMF in reactors of the type under consideration have been studied, however, analytical formulas for a plane-parallel RMF for the general case of m-phase cylindrical inductors of external and internal design with symmetrical longitudinal windings are not presented.
In this paper, a mathematical model is constructed and generalized analytical formulas for magnetic induction are obtained, linking the characteristics of a plane-parallel RMF in the working space of reactors at idle speed with the main parameters of external and internal cylindrical inductors with an m-phase symmetric longitudinal winding. A physical analysis is carried out and the adequacy of the model is confirmed. Using the proposed formulas and a free, easy-to-use Desmos graphical calculator, quick trial calculations and analysis of RMF in several reactors with two-pole external inductors and various windings for three phases (for 6 and 42 slots) and for six phases (12 slots) are carried out. The calculation results are consistent with experimental and literary data.
New analytical formulas, as well as the demonstrated methods of quick evaluation calculations, analysis and experimental studies are recommended for practical implementation in the research, development and operation of reactors of this type. To carry out the calculations, it is enough to have a laptop or smartphone connected to the Internet, the time costs are insignificant. The results of the work will be useful to technologists, engineers and developers of both the reactors of the type under consideration and other devices with a similar purpose with an RMF.