bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A study of relationships on nutrition knowledge, attitude and dietary behaviors of clinical nurses from a hospital in Macao
Authors: Zhu Zhijuan , Wang Sichen
Published: January 2025

Objective: The purpose of this study was to gain a better understanding of the nutritional knowledge, attitudes, and dietary behaviors of clinical nurses from a hospital in Macao, by analyzing the influencing factors and exploring the relationships between these factors. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive research design was performed from December 2021 to January 2022. A total of 198 clinical nurses from a hospital in Macao were selected as the research subjects. The questionnaire used in the survey consisted of the following sections: general demographics, nutritional knowledge, nutritional attitude, and dietary behavior. Results: The average nutritional knowledge score of clinical nurses was 15.33±3.75, while the average nutritional attitude score was 51.54±8.24. Meanwhile, the average dietary behavior score was 66.65±10.05. There was a positive correlation between nutritional knowledge and dietary behavior (p<0.01). Nutritional attitudes were positively correlated with dietary behaviors (p<0.001). Conclusion: (1) Nutritional knowledge of clinical nurses from a hospital in Macao scores relatively high, while nutritional attitude and dietary behavior scored are considered to be mediocre with room for improvement, with variations in scoring between different areas / departments. (2) Gender and medical specialty were the main factors that were linked to nutritional knowledge, while gender, age, working experience and professional title were the main factors that were tied to nutritional attitude and dietary behavior; it should be noted that the nutritional knowledge coming from an academic setting had a relatively minor contribution. (3) There are no significant correlations between nutritional knowledge and nutritional attitude, but there are significant correlations between nutritional knowledge and dietary behavior, as well as nutritional attitude and dietary behavior. It is suggested that hospitals adopt a systematic approach to training that targets the knowledge deficiencies in specific areas / departments, in order to strengthen overall nutritional knowledge of nurses; in addition, there should be targeted training on nutritional attitude and dietary behavior to junior, less experienced nurses. Academic institutions also need to strengthen the curriculum for nutritional education, in order to improve the overall nutritional knowledge of nurses.
Future and challenges of artificial intelligence in nursing education
Authors: Wong Ion Hong
Published: January 2025

With the advancement of information technology, artificial intelligence, big data analytics, and the Internet of Things（IoT）, artificial intelligence is gradually integrating into higher education, and nursing education is no exception. The application of artificial intelligence in nursing education helps enhance learning experiences, provide personalized learning and progress tracking, improve clinical decision-making abilities, and address the shortage of clinical internship opportunities. However, challenges include biases due to poor database quality, ethical considerations, lack of interpersonal relationships, and disagreement among nursing educators regarding the use of artificial intelligence. Although nursing education has rich teaching methods with the application of artificial intelligence, it has not yet reached the level of smart education overall. In the future, fundamental reforms are needed in multiple aspects such as cultivating objectives, curriculum design, teaching organization, and teaching methods. Nursing education should assist students in using artificial intelligence correctly and responsibly while upholding the core values of caring. The future core objective of nursing education remains to cultivate nursing professionals with empathy and critical thinking, while appropriately and effectively integrating artificial intelligence into education to optimize students' preparation for the healthcare field, and to early cultivate and reserve a new generation of nursing talents.
Research progress on toxic leadership behaviors in nursing managers
Authors: Chen Qian , Wang Sichen , Wang Weihong
Published: January 2025

Toxic leadership behavior is a kind of negative management style, which is especially prominent in nursing management. This behavior not only affects the mental health and career satisfaction of nursing staff, but also destroys teamwork and reduces the quality of nursing services. This paper reviews the status quo of toxic leadership behaviors, assessment tools, influencing factors, hazards and coping styles of nursing managers. In order to deal with toxic leadership problems, this paper proposes a number of intervention strategies, including: improving leaders' management ability and enhancing their leadership skills through training and development programs; learning to let caregivers speak their minds bravely; improving the working environment of nursing staff and provide more psychological support. Thus, potential toxic leaders can be identified and intervened earlier, and the level and the quality of nursing management can be improved.
ANALYSIS OF COMPONENTS AND DEBATE SKILLS IN IMAM REZA'S DISCUSSIONS WITH FOLLOWERS OF DIFFERENT RELIGIONS AND SECTS
Authors: Pourbadakhshan Mohammad Ali
Published: January 2025

Imam Reza engaged in debates with a diverse group of individuals, including Christians, Zoroastrians, Jews, materialists, Mandaean Sabians, and members of various Islamic sects. In these debates, he employed a range of components and skills. This descriptive-analytical research aims to evaluate the components and skills used by Imam Reza in his discussions with followers of different religions and sects. The research seeks to answer the question of what specific components and skills Imam Reza utilized in his debates with religious and sectarian speakers. Based on the findings, Imam Reza's debates can be categorized into three primary types: ethical, logical, and free-thinking. Furthermore, the skills he employed can be distilled into five concurrent methods. These methods enabled him to advance his arguments and discussions to the point of prevailing over his opponents, even in the most challenging debates, without succumbing to incorrect or unethical reasoning traps. He achieved this by employing communicative debate techniques.
INTERPRETIVE METHODOLOGY AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH VERSTEHEN IN MAX WEBER'S PHILOSOPHY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES METHODOLOGY
Authors: Shamsi Ali
Published: January 2025

The key role and clarifying function of Verstehen in Weber's interpretive methodology, as one of the important and illuminating tools, is used by scientists to properly understand social science phenomena. Considering Weber's interpretive approach based on individualistic interpretation of actors' actions, we find that Verstehen, in Weber's view, serves as a tool for social scientists to uncover the causes behind actors' intentional actions. Understanding actors' intentions, influenced by Weber's interpretive methodological approach, employs all its effort in explaining social science phenomena to achieve objectivity. In this research, we have attempted to address the meaning and importance of Verstehen's role, stemming from Weber's and his predecessors' interpretive perspective, as a tool for interpreting social science phenomena. Considering Weber's project aimed at achieving objectivity in social sciences, it should be said that Verstehen, like ideal types and other components of Weber's methodological system, are pieces meant to be initiated and employed by scientists to attain objectivity in social and cultural sciences. This research strives to correctly interpret the role and significance of this component (Verstehen) within Weber's methodological system.
THE ROLE OF GOD'S AWARENESS AND SELF-AWARENESS IN MENTAL HEALTH BASED ON ISLAMIC TEACHINGS
Authors: Madayen Seyyed Mohammad Amin
Published: January 2025

Believing in the God who created the universe and purposefully gave existence to man and that man was not created by accident, causes a purposeful attitude towards human creation and creates hope in human life. Since man is the highest divine creation, understanding this level together with the fact that his creation is not futile, gives a sufficient attitude to have mental health. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to examine self-knowledge and God-knowledge to have mental health. The present article was compiled with a review and qualitative method, which was inferred from Islamic texts, as well as the works of Islamic thinkers and some psychological sources. Man has received the basis of his existence from the wise creator. This look is the source of mental peace and meeting all his needs. Because cause and effect are not separate from each other. Therefore, the necessary attitude to have mental health is to understand the dependence of man on the creator and the reason for his existence.
POST-COVID-19 VACCINATION & INCREASED RISK OF HEART ATTACK: UNDERSTANDING CAUSES & PREVENTION STRATEGIES
Authors: Ali Dr. Athar
Published: January 2025

COVID-19 pandemic led to rapid development & deployment of vaccines to curb its spread. While these vaccines have saved millions of lives, there have been growing concerns about rare but serious side effects, like heart complications, particularly myocarditis & increased risk of heart attacks. This paper explores possible link between COVID-19 vaccines, especially mRNA vaccines, & cardiovascular risks, focusing on potential causes, underlying mechanisms, & preventive measures. It also emphasizes importance of balancing the benefits of vaccination against these rare side effects and discusses strategies for minimizing heart attack risks post-vaccination. AstraZeneca's Covishield vaccine, a key player in the global fight against COVID-19, has been associated with rare but serious side effects, such as vaccine-induced thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT). This paper delves into the nature of these side effects, their prevalence, and whether individuals should be concerned about receiving the vaccine. The risk-benefit analysis overwhelmingly supports vaccination, but the concerns raised by these rare events merit careful consideration, especially in certain populations. This paper underscores the need for balancing the benefits of COVID-19 vaccination with the potential risks and highlights the importance of preventive measures to safeguard those at risk of heart complications. The paper aims to provide a focus and understanding for the public to change their lifestyles; food habits in order to prevent issues related to cardiovascular system.
AN EMPIRICAL ASSESSMENT OF THE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF COMPOSITE DECKS CONSTRUCTED VIA THE LAYERING METHOD AS COMPARED TO A FOREIGN SPECIMEN
Authors: Sarlak Mansur
Published: January 2025

This research investigated the mechanical properties of a composite deck and determined the maximum percentage of its components. A foreign specimen (L: 29 cm, W: 14.5 cm, and T: 2 cm) was first prepared and validated for its components by weighing and then placing it in 30 steps of one and two hours in a 200 °C and a 500 °C oven. The composite deck’s components were partially disassembled at each step, and the identified parts were weighted and compared with the currently available industrial materials. Overall, identifying the main components allows for the feasibility study of composite deck construction. In this research, the proposed composite was first constructed by imitating the foreign specimen and then evaluated by relevant tests to compare it with the foreign counterpart for its mechanical properties.
TRANSFORMASI PENGELOLAAN SAMPAH RUMAH TANGGA : PENDEKATAN ZERO WASTE MENUJU PERUBAHAN PERILAKU BERBASIS LINGKUNGAN
Authors: Syifa Rohmah  , Jilma Dewi Ayu Ningtyas  , Ulfa Kurniasih
Published: January 2025

The problem of household waste management is one of the pressing environmental issues in various countries, including Indonesia. The high volume of waste that is not properly processed contributes to environmental pollution, such as soil, water, and air pollution. Tasik Rejo Village is one of the villages that focuses on waste management, this village has a BUMDes that is active in waste management but is only piled up at the TPS. Through Community Service activities, the service team carries out activities to change waste so that it can be utilized properly. The purpose of this service is to provide education and skills to Tasik Rejo village residents about the importance of maintaining environmental sustainability and a healthy lifestyle through waste processing, one of which is into fertilizer, so that waste can have value that can be utilized. This service method uses the ABCD method where the community plays an active role in every stage. Based on the results of the service, it can be said that the community is not fully aware of the importance of sorting waste, therefore further assistance is needed, but this service activity has a positive influence on changes in healthy living behavior in the community.
Current Awareness of Removable Prosthodontics in Dentists at King Abdulaziz University
Authors: Afaf A. Almabadi
Published: January 2025

Background: Removable prosthodontics is a branch of prosthodontics that requires a high level of knowledge and great skills. This include the basic and advanced understanding of various principles and the practical skills that are crucial to deliver a good quality and satisfactory removable prostheses. To provide a successful prosthodontic treatment in partially dentate patients with removable partial denture (RPD), the awareness of basic RPD principles and design is mandatory.Therefore, academic education utilizes the good teaching strategies and precise assessment methods for the students to fulfil the required preclinical and clinical skills. In addition, to meet the planned level of competencies, the basic learning domains are required to be fulfilled. In removable prosthodontics, fulfilment of the required knowledge and skills are very crucial to deliver a high-quality prosthesis. In academic study, students are exposed to different learning experiences throughout their years of study to prepare them becoming competent graduates. Some students may face difficulties in understanding and applying the mechanobiological principles of removable partial denture. Therefore, the assessment of their knowledge and cognitive skills, as well as, the current teaching strategies is crucial to reflect upon those strategies and to plan for implementation of future teaching improvements.In this study, students and general dentists were assessed regarding their awareness and understanding of RPD principles and deign which is the initial step in performing this prosthodontic treatment option. Also, pre-lecture and post-lecture assessment was planned to reflect upon the teaching strategy in removable prosthodontics among undergraduate students. Materials and methods: A well-structured online questionnaire in removable partial denture design and principles was formulated to assess the knowledge and cognitive skills of undergraduate, postgraduate students and general dentists at KAU. Also, a pre-lecture and post-lecture assessments were carried out for fifth-year undergraduate students. Results: The proportion of correct answers were higher in female than male students among postgraduates and undergraduates (P<0.05). Also, Postgraduate students showed the highest level of proportion compared to the undergraduates (P<0.05). In addition, a significant higher proportion and scores of correct answers were reported in the after-lecture response among fifth-year students (P<0.05). Conclusion: The level of awareness of removable partial denture increases with the level of experience and lectures are considered as the corner stone in teaching of his branch of prosthodontics
Executive Presence Among Young Management and Law Students of SPMVV: An Interventional Study
Authors: Priyadarshini Dr. G. Indira , Rajani Dr. N. Sree , Reddy Dr. V. Bhargavi
Published: January 2025

Executive presence (EP) is a critical attribute for success in leadership roles, combining confidence, communication skills, and the ability to inspire trust. This interventional study explores the impact of targeted EP training on management and law students at Sri Padmavati Mahila Visvavidyalayam (SPMVV). A total of 100 students participated. They underwent a structured EP enhancement program comprising workshop on nonverbal communication, public speaking, and self-awareness. Pre- and post-intervention assessments measured changes in key EP dimensions, including selfconfidence, body language, and verbal clarity. Results revealed a significant improvement in the group, highlighting the effectiveness of the intervention in equipping future leaders with essential executive competencies. This study underscores the importance of integrating EP development into higher education curricula, particularly for management and law disciplines.
ANALISIS STRATEGI JASA MARGA DALAM MENINGKATKAN KEPUASAN PELANGGAN MELALUI PELAYANAN DIGITAL PADA JALAN TOL SEMARANG - SOLO
Authors: GINANJAR SUENDRO
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis strategi yang diterapkan oleh Jasa Marga dalam meningkatkan kepuasan pelanggan melalui layanan digital pada Jalan Tol Semarang-Solo. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data berupa wawancara mendalam, observasi, dan analisis dokumen. Subjek penelitian meliputi manajemen Jasa Marga, pengguna jalan tol, dan ahli teknologi informasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Jasa Marga telah mengadopsi beberapa inovasi digital, seperti penggunaan aplikasi pembayaran nontunai, layanan informasi lalu lintas berbasis real-time, dan sistem pengelolaan keluhan pelanggan secara online. Strategi ini berhasil meningkatkan efisiensi operasional, mempercepat proses transaksi, dan memberikan kemudahan akses informasi kepada pengguna jalan tol. Namun, penelitian ini juga menemukan beberapa tantangan, seperti tingkat literasi digital yang beragam di kalangan pelanggan, masalah teknis pada sistem digital, dan perlunya peningkatan integrasi layanan. Berdasarkan temuan tersebut, Jasa Marga disarankan untuk mengembangkan program edukasi digital bagi pelanggan, memperkuat infrastruktur teknologi, dan meningkatkan kolaborasi dengan pihak ketiga untuk memastikan keberlanjutan inovasi digital. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan kontribusi terhadap pengembangan strategi pelayanan berbasis digital di sektor transportasi, khususnya pada pengelolaan jalan tol di Indonesia.
Predicting Depression Trajectories: A Novel AI Approach for Personalized Mental Health Treatment
Authors: Neoaz Nahid , Amin Mohammad Hasan , Shah Heta Hemang
Published: January 2025

Depression is a widespread mental illness that affects millions of people worldwide and is a problem for health care. In contrast with modern approaches, traditional treatment strategies do not rely on individuality, specifically about the course of the disease. In this paper, a new AI-based method to identify individual-specific depression trajectories for improving the outcomes of depression treatments is proposed. This, we believe, makes our strategy more effective for predicting the outcomes of specific treatment techniques for each patient since it employs up-to-date machine learning techniques and integrates a vast volume of patient information into modeling patient response. The paper shows how using customized estimations can increase the effectiveness of a treatment plan as opposed to relying on trial and error as it is today. AI in mental health care not only has potential to increase the quality of treated condition, it also has the ability to provide efficient solution to increase demand of depressants all over the world. This paper supports the view that AI can revolutionize mental health treatment since it makes it targeted, time and effectiveness oriented.
Numerical Simulation of a Long-Span Steel Truss Bridge Subjected to Blast Loads
Authors: Li Huihui , Agrawal Anil , Chen Qian , Wang Hongfan
Published: January 2025

Few studies have focused on the blast load effects on steel truss bridges. To address this research gap, this paper conducts an extensive investigation on the above-deck blast loads on a long-span steel truss bridge. The nonlinear dynamic response and damage modes of reinforced concrete (RC) decks and steel members of the bridge under blast loads are numerically studied using the *Load_Blast_Enhanced (LBE) function and Multi-Material Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (MM-ALE) method in LS-DYNA to identify a cost-efficient approach with reasonable accuracy to simulate a long-span steel truss bridge subjected to blast loads. The LBE method is proved to be more conservative and cost-efficient than the MM-ALE method for simulating blast load effects on the structures. A high-fidelity finite element model of the bridge (i.e., I-35W truss bridge) in LS-DYNA based on the multi-scale modelling technique and the LBE function to simulate blast loads is developed to investigate the structural response under several blast scenarios. The effectiveness of ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) in protecting the steel truss members from blast load effects is also been investigated. The results provide valuable insights for bridge owners on the probable response and possible protective measures for long-span steel truss bridges against intensive blast loads.
Danser West Side Story à la scène et à l’écran : entretien avec Patricia Dolambi (interview par Anne Martina)
Authors: Martina Anne , Dolambi Patricia
Published: January 2025

Professeur de danse jazz au Conservatoire à rayonnement régional d’Aubervilliers et titulaire d’un Master recherche en danse, Patricia Dolambi pose sur le geste du danseur un regard aiguisé de chercheuse et de praticienne. Elle revient ici en détail, avec Anne Martina, sur la chorégraphie de Jerome Robbins pour West Side Story, comparant le film de 1961 à plusieurs versions scéniques pour analyser, au fil des scènes, la posture et la tonicité des corps, l’ancrage au sol sur la scène ou dans la rue, en baskets ou en talons, et l’énergie du geste brut ou esthétisé.
Le twang, le belt et les harmoniques de la voix chantée : entretien avec Mark Marian (interview par Anne Martina et Julie Vatain-Corfdir)
Authors: Martina Anna , Vatain-Corfdir Julie , Marian Mark
Published: January 2025

À la fois artiste de comédie musicale et coach vocal formé à la pédagogie de l’école Richard Cross, Mark Marian est spécialiste de technique vocale et d’interprétation. Tout en évoquant sa carrière variée, il parle ici à Anne-Martina et Julie Vatain-Corfdir des évolutions du placement de la voix entre opéra, comédie musicale du Golden Age et comédie musicale contemporaine, tout en comparant les traditions françaises et américaine autour du musical.
Investigative Journalism And Crime Coverage In Bangladeshi Print Media
Authors: Jewel Islam
Published: January 2025

This study aims to analyse the presentation of crime reports by newspapers in Bangladesh, emphasising the patterns, substance, and underlying factors influencing crime coverage. This study is directed by five research questions examining the portrayal of crime news and the calibre of reporting. The research employed a descriptive methodology, examining 42 issues from six leading Bangladeshi newspapers: Prothom Alo, Jugantor, Daily Ittefaq, Bangladesh Pratidin, The Daily Star, and The Daily Observer, published in October 2021. Qualitative and quantitative methods were employed, utilising structured content analysis and interviews to gather data on elements suca7h as diction, gender sensitivity, and image inclusion. The findings reveal inconsistencies in the reporting of crime news, characterised by sensationalism, inadequate follow-up, and stereotypical representations. The majority of respondents comprehended the overarching themes of crime news but expressed apprehensions about accuracy and the necessity for impartial reporting. Historically, newspapers have been essential in distributing information and shaping public opinion. Notwithstanding the proliferation of digital media, newspapers in Bangladesh remain a significant resource for comprehending crime reporting. The study seeks to identify deficiencies in coverage and offer solutions for raising the ethical standards of crime reporting, thus improving public awareness and informing crime prevention strategy.
Influence of salinity in fatty acid production of Dunaliella sp. as feedstock for biodiesel
Authors:   Philippine Bioresins Corporation, Talosig John Erasmos Marie  P , Serrano Kia Dyan Louren I. ,   Department of Education-Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Service, Coronado Armin S ,   Research Institute for Science and Technology, Polytechnic University of the Philippines
Published: January 2025

Dunaliella sp. is a unicellular, eukaryotic, photosynthetic, and halophilic microalga. It is one of the prospective microalgae being utilized for its significant amounts of valuable chemical matters such as carotenoid, glycerol, and lipids. Dunaliella has a potential as feedstock in the production of biodiesel but there is only limited data and information available as most studies are focused to commercial production of highvalue products such as beta-carotene. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the culture condition of Dunaliella sp. that promotes higher lipid production. Dunaliella sp. was cultivated at varying salinity conditions (45 g/L, 50 g/L, 55 g/L, 60 g/L, 65 g/L, and 70 g/L) using Conway medium (CM). Algal biomass for each culture condition was harvested at the end of logarithmic phase [Period 1 (P1) or day 10] and onset of decline phase [Period 2 (P2) or day 13] of cultivation. At P1, the highest biomass was obtained from CM50 (1.152 ± 0.120 g/L) while CM45 (2.109 ± 0.168 g/L) for P2. Lipid/oil was extracted from algal biomass cultivated at different salinity concentrations by Bligh and Dyer method using solvent mixture of chloroform and methanol (1:2). CM60 has the highest oil yield in both periods, P1 (1.494 ± 0.190 %) and in P2 (1.636 ± 0.173%). Lipid/Oil from top three (3) oil producing treatments were transesterified to produce the Fatty Acid Methyl Ester (FAME) and subjected to Gas Chromatography - Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) for fatty acid composition analysis. There are 22 fatty acids identified in P1 while 28 fatty acids in P2. However, only 11 fatty acids identified in all treatments were desirable for biodiesel production namely myristic acid, methyl entadecanoate acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, palmitoleic acid, methyl palmitoleate acid, valeric acid, elaidic acid, linoleic acid, oleic acid, and petroselinic acid. Among algal cultures, only CM55 exhibited ideal mix ratio of fatty acid’s palmitoleic (16:1), oleic acid (18:1), and myristic acid (14:0) with good biodiesel property (5:3:1). Therefore, Dunaliella sp. has a potential as feedstock for biodiesel production with decent amount biomass and lipid/oil using Conway medium that can also exhibit good fuel properties when cultivated at 55g/L of salinity.
Virgibacillus saliphilus sp. nov. and Virgibacillus salidurans sp. nov., isolated from kimchi
Authors: Oh Young Joon , Kim Joon Yong , Kwon Min-Sung , Lee Sulhee , Choi Sang-Pil , Choi Hak-Jong
Published: January 2025

This study aimed to provide a taxonomic description of two bacterial strains, NKC19-3T and NKC19-16T, isolated from commercially produced kimchi obtained from various regions within the Republic of Korea. Both strains were rod-shaped, gram-stain-positive, facultatively anaerobic, and displayed positive reactions for oxidase and catalase. Additionally, these bacteria were motile, halophilic (salt-tolerant), and proliferated under alkaline conditions. Genetically, both strains showed 98.0% similarity in their 16S rRNA gene sequences and were most closely related to Virgibacillus natechei FarDT, with 96.5 and 96.8% sequence similarity, respectively. ANI values indicated that the two novel strains were distinct from V. natechei FarDT, as they were below the species demarcation threshold. The ANI value between strains NKC19-3ᵀ and NKC19-16ᵀ was 84.64–84.75%, and the values between these strains and other related strains did not exceed 80.0%, further supporting their classification as novel species. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that strains NKC19-3T and NKC19-16T formed a distinct branch within the genus Virgibacillus, clearly distinguishing them from other species in the same genus. Regarding genomic characteristics, the GC content was 38.9% for strain NKC19-3T and 39.5% for strain NKC19-16T. The genome of strain NKC19-3T had a size of approximately 4.1 Mb and contained 3,785 protein-coding genes (CDSs). Strain NKC19-16T had a slightly smaller genome, approximately 3.9 Mb in size and harbored 3,726 CDSs. The polar lipid profiles of strains NKC19-3ᵀ and NKC19-16ᵀ included diphosphatidylglycerol (DPG), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), glycolipids (GL), and an unidentified lipid (L). The predominant fatty acids of both strains were anteiso-C15:0 and anteiso-C17:0. Considering the comprehensive analysis encompassing phenotypic, genomic, phylogenetic, and chemotaxonomic data, strains NKC19-3T and NKC19-16T are proposed to represent two novel species within the genus Virgibacillus. The suggested names for these species are Virgibacillus saliphilus sp. nov. (type strain NKC19-3T, also referred to as KACC 22326T and DSM 112707T) and Virgibacillus salidurans sp. nov. (type strain NKC19-16T, also referred to as KACC 22327T and DSM 112708T).
Study on 1,4-hydride shift triggered spirocyclization of arylidene imidazolones: substituent control on formation of indane or tetrahydrobenzazepine systems
Authors: Al Mufti Amir M. , Ikonnikova Viktoria А. , Smirnov Alexander Yu. , Lushpa Vladislav А. , Solyev Pavel N. , Azmi Mohamad Nurul , Baranov Mikhail S. , Mikhaylov Andrey А.
Published: January 2025

A rare process of 1,4-hydride or formal 1,6-hydride shift occurs in the (o-dialkylaminomethyl)arylidene imidazolones under the action of aluminum chloride. Only sterically hindered amino derivatives are able to enter the spirocyclization reaction, and the substituent would control this direction. Either five-membered indane in case of diisopropylamino derivatives, or seven-membered tetrahydrobenzazepines in case of dibenzylamino derivatives are formed in 46-84
Hürriyet Gazetesi’ne Göre Ziya Paşa’nın Osmanlı Maliyesi İle İlgili Görüşleri
Authors: Özbey Mehtap
Published: January 2025

Osmanlı Devleti’nde Türk basını ancak on dokuzuncu yüzyılın başlarında dergi ve gazeteler ile ortaya çıkmaya başlamıştır. İlk gazete Takvim-i Vekayi 1831 yılında çıkarılmıştır. Bu gazetenin amacı devletin yaptığı yenilikleri halka iletmekti. Devlet kendi kontrolünde oluşturacağı bir kamuoyu hesap ederken 1860’lardan sonra durum tersine dönmeye başlamış ve artan gazeteler aracılığı ile devletin içinde bulunduğu siyasi ve mali durum sorgulanmaya ve Babıâli’ye karşı ciddi bir muhalefet aracı olarak kullanılmaya başlanmıştır. Tanzimat dönemi aydınları ve dönemin önemli şahsiyetleri söylemek istediklerini basını ve gazeteleri kullanarak anlatmaya başladı. Bu dönemin en önemli aydın grubu olarak anılan Yeni Osmanlılar ve bu grubun bir üyesi olan Ziya Paşa da yaptığı muhalefet ile ön plana çıktı. Ziya Paşa, Babıâli’den gördüğü baskılar ile Ali Paşa tarafından İstanbul’dan uzak tutuldu. Bunun sonucunda Mısır’daki veraset sisteminin değişmesi ile Mısır’dan sürülen Prens Mustafa Fazıl Paşa’nın daveti üzerine Ziya Paşa Paris’e gitti. Mustafa Fazıl’ın verdiği maddi destek ile önce Ali Suavi 1867’de Londra’da Muhbir’i çıkardı daha sonra 1868’de yine Londra’da Ziya Paşa, Hürriyet’i çıkarmaya başladı. Hürriyeti Yeni Osmanlılar damgası ile Ziya Paşa ve Namık Kemal birlikte çıkardı. Amaçları Osmanlı Devleti’nin içine düştüğü durumu, azınlıkların durumunu, maliyenin gidişatını, Babıâli’nin keyfi davranışlarını, liyakatsizliği, artan rüşvet olaylarını, Avrupa’dan alınan borçları, Mısır, Girit, Yunan, Memleketeyn’nin durumunu halka anlatmak, halkı bilinçlendirmekti. Bu amaçlar doğrultusunda halk üzerinden bir kamuoyu oluşturarak halkın da dâhil olacağı bir sistem ile devleti parçalanmaktan kurtarmaktı. Hürriyet’te yer alan yazılar günlük haber gazetesinden ziyade genellikle fikir yazısı niteliğindedir. Özellikle mali ve iktisadi konularda mali tablolar yayınlayarak, devletin senelik bütçesinden örnekler verilerek gazete resmî bir vesika halini almıştır. Burada mali konular ile ilgili Ziya Paşa Abdülaziz Dönemi ekonomisini Babıâli üzerinden eleştirir. Biz bu çalışmada, Ziya Paşa’nın Osmanlı Devleti’nin mali durumu hakkındaki düşüncelerini Hürriyet Gazetesi’ndeki yazıları kaynak alarak anlatmaya çalıştık.
Somut Olmayan Kültürel Miras Bağlamında Antep İşi Nakışı Geleneği
Authors: Alpay Türkan
Published: January 2025

Antep işi nakışı, özellikle Gaziantep bölgesinde yaşayan kadınlar tarafından yapılan geleneksel bir el işi türüdür. Bu sanat, kuşaktan kuşağa aktarılan derin bir kültürel mirası temsil eder. Antep işi nakışı geleneği, Gaziantep’in zengin kültürel mirasının bir parçasıdır. Bu nakış geleneği, Gaziantep ve çevresindeki kadınların el emeği ile ortaya çıkarttığı bir sanat ürünüdür. Gaziantep’te geçmişten süregelen Antep işi nakışı, icracısı kadın olan ve usta çırak ilişkisi içerisinde aktarılan bir gelenektir. Genellikle evlerde, ailelerin bir araya geldiği zamanlarda kuşaktan kuşağa aktarılarak öğretilir. Bu eğitim süreci, bireysel yeteneklerin yanı sıra kültürel değerlerin de aktarımını sağlar. Geleneğin önemli bir özelliği, her bir parçanın tek bir kadının titizlikle işlemesiyle oluşmasıdır; bu o kadının kişisel dokunuşunu el sanatı ürününe yansıtır. Antep işi nakışı, bölgenin zengin kültürel mirasıyla derin bir bağ içerisindedir. Sosyo-kültürel yapılar ve gelenekler, bir toplumun tarihini, coğrafyasını, inançlarını ve sosyal yapılarını yansıtır. Geleneğin kentin sosyo-kültürel yapısı üzerinde pek çok etkisi bulunmaktadır; özellikle kadınların bir araya gelmesini ve sosyal etkileşimlerini artırmasını sağlar. Antep işi nakışı geleneği, Gaziantep ve çevresindeki sosyo-kültürel yapı, ekonomik koşullar ve kültürel miras ile desteklenmektedir. Bu geleneksel ürünlerin kuşaktan kuşağa aktarılmasında UNESCO önemli bir rol oynamaktadır. Bu geleneğin yaşatılması, bölgenin kimliğini koruma ve kadınların sosyal ve ekonomik güçlenmesine katkıda bulunma açısından büyük bir öneme sahiptir. UNESCO bağlamında Somut Olmayan Kültürel Miras (SOKÜM) Listesi’nde korunması için çalışmalar 2023 yılında başlamıştır. Gaziantep’te el emeği olarak adlandırılan Antep işinin korunup gelecek nesillere aktarılması amacıyla UNESCO Kültürel Miras Listesi’ne dahil edilmesi için yapılan çalışmalarla, bu ürünlerin dünya genelinde tanıtılması ve hak ettiği değere ulaşması mümkün olacaktır.
Personal identity and transparent media. Retooling, hacking and artistic détournements
Authors: Galimberti Giulio , Sartori Samuele
Published: January 2025

Photographic methodologies are increasingly being integrated into biometric systems for identification and detection purposes. These systems leverage the capabilities of photographic and post-photographic interfaces to merge seamlessly with our body-mind continuum. Through analyzing artistic case studies, this paper advocates for a critical engagement with this transparency effect. By examining Trevor Paglen’s artwork Faces of ImageNet, the Peng! Collective’s hacking project Mask.ID, and Rafael Lozano-Hemmer’s installations, we explore the vulnerabilities of biometric identification systems and highlight the political implications of these technologies. This paper argues that these artistic interventions provide valuable insights into the critical potential of engaging with the transparency and opacity of biometric systems. Through these case studies, we aim to challenge the perceived neutrality and objectivity of photographic technologies, advocating for a more nuanced and informed discourse on their impacts on human identity.
Research on pulse transmission dynamics in optical fiber based on intelligence algorithms
Authors: LI Jun  , SU Jin  , HAN Xiaoxiang  , ZHU Weijie  , YANG Ruixia  , ZHANG Haiyang  , YAN Xiang'an  , ZHANG Yunjie  , WANG Feiran  ,   1 School of Science, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an 710048, China;,   2 Engineering Research Center of Flexible Radiation Protection Technology, Universities of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an 710048, China;,   3 Xi'an Key Laboratory of Nuclear Protection Textile Equipment Technology, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an 710048, China
Published: January 2025

Nonlinear Schrodinger equation (NLSE) has important applications in quantum mechanics, nonlinear optics, plasma physics, condensed matter physics, optical fiber communication and laser system design, and its accurate solution is very important for understanding complex physical phenomena. Here, the traditional Finite Difference Method (FDM), the Split-Step Fourier Method (SSF) and the Physics-Informed Neural Network (PINN) method are studied, aiming to deeply analyze the solving mechanism of various algorithms, and then realize the efficient and accurate solution of complex nonlinear Schrodinger equation (NLSE) in optical fiber. Initially, the steps, process and results of PINN in solving the NLSE for pulse under short-distance transmission are described, and these methods’ errors are quantitatively evaluated by comparing with PINN, FDM and SSF. On this basis, the key factors affecting the accuracy of NLSE solution for pulse under long-distance transmission are further discussed. Then, the effects of different networks, activation functions, hidden layers and the number of neurons in PINN on the NLSE solution’s accuracy are discussed. It is found that selecting a suitable combination of activation functions and network types can significantly reduce the error, and the combination of FNN and tanh activation functions is particularly good. The effectiveness of Ensemble Learning strategy is also verified, that is, by combining the advantages of traditional numerical methods and PINN, the accuracy of NLSE solution is improved. Finally, the evolution characteristics of Airy pulse with different chirps in fiber and the solution of vector NLSE corresponding to polarization-maintaining fiber are studied by using the above algorithm. This study explores the solving mechanism of FDM, SSF and PINN in complex NLSE, compares and analyzes the error characteristics of those methods in various transmission scenarios, proposes and verifies the Ensemble Learning strategy. It provides a solid theoretical basis for the research of pulse transmission dynamics and data-driven simulation.
Study of hybrid superconducting devices and quantum transport based on one-dimensional electronic systems
Authors: DENG Xiaosong  , ZHANG Zhiyong  , KANG Ning  ,   1 Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices and Center for Carbon-based Electronics, School of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China;,   2 Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei 230088, China
Published: January 2025

The hybrid system of low-dimensional electronic and superconducting materials has been an attractive structure for studying mesoscopic transport and low-dimensional superconducting properties. Low-dimensional structures with strong spin-orbit coupling exhibit rich quantum phenomena combined with superconducting macroscopic quantum states, becoming an important platform for exploring novel physical properties and developing new topological quantum devices. The construction of hybrid superconducting devices based on high-quality one-dimensional electronic materials, and the exploration of quantum transport phenomena at the interface emerge as research frontier. It is crucial to understand the characteristic scattering mechanism and quantum transport process in these hybrid systems at the nanoscale. The study of the coupling mechanism between the charge state and the topological localized state, and the experimental probe of the intrinsic transport properties of the topological states are the key issues, which enable the development of the new principles and methods for novel superconducting nanoelectronic devices and topological quantum devices. Due to the competition of multiple energy scales and complicated bound states in these hybrid structures, the device physics and measurement schemes present unprecedented challenges. This paper reviews recent advances in hybrid superconducting devices based on one-dimensional electronic systems, focusing on the material systems based on semiconducting nanowires and carbon nanotubes. Semiconducting nanowires with strong spin-orbit coupling and large Landau g-factor are expected to support Majorana bound states and require further improvements in the material quality, interface between superconductors and nanowires, understanding of the transport mechanism, and detection scheme. The construction strategies of extending topological phase space, including broken symmetry, helical modes, semiconducting characteristics, and attenuation of the external magnetic field, are proposed and discussed in hybrid superconducting devices based on carbon nanotubes. We briefly introduce the main phenomena and experimental challenges, ranging from material and device physics. Finally, this paper summarizes and gives an outlook on the development and transport studies of topological quantum devices based on one-dimensional systems.
Structure transfer and consolidation in visual implicit learning
Authors: Garber Dominik , Fiser József
Published: January 2025

Transfer learning, the re-application of previously learned higher-level regularities to novel input, is a key challenge in cognition. While previous empirical studies investigated human transfer learning in supervised or reinforcement learning for explicit knowledge, it is unknown whether such transfer occurs during naturally more common implicit and unsupervised learning and, if so, how it is related to memory consolidation. We compared the transfer of newly acquired explicit and implicit abstract knowledge during unsupervised learning by extending a visual statistical learning paradigm to a transfer learning context. We found transfer during unsupervised learning but with important differences depending on the explicitness/implicitness of the acquired knowledge. Observers acquiring explicit knowledge during initial learning could transfer the learned structures immediately. In contrast, observers with the same amount but implicit knowledge showed the opposite effect, a structural interference during transfer. However, with sleep between the learning phases, implicit observers, while still remaining implicit, switched their behaviour and showed the same pattern of transfer as explicit observers did. This effect was specific to sleep and not found after non-sleep consolidation. Our results highlight similarities and differences between explicit and implicit learning while acquiring generalizable higher-level knowledge and relying on consolidation for restructuring internal representations.
Decoding the physics of observed actions in the human brain
Authors: Wurm Moritz F , Erigüç Doruk Yiğit
Published: January 2025

Recognizing goal-directed actions is a computationally challenging task, requiring not only the visual analysis of body movements, but also analysis of how these movements causally impact, and thereby induce a change in, those objects targeted by an action. We tested the hypothesis that the analysis of body movements and the effects they induce relies on distinct neural representations in superior and anterior inferior parietal lobe (SPL and aIPL). In four fMRI sessions, participants observed videos of actions (e.g. breaking stick, squashing plastic bottle) along with corresponding point-light-display stick figures, pantomimes, and abstract animations of agent-object interactions (e.g. dividing or compressing a circle). Cross-decoding between actions and animations revealed that aIPL encodes abstract representations of action effect structures independent of motion and object identity. By contrast, cross-decoding between actions and point-light-displays revealed that SPL is disproportionally tuned to body movements independent of visible interactions with objects. Lateral occipitotemporal cortex (LOTC) was sensitive to both action effects and body movements. Moreover, cross-decoding between pantomimes and animations suggests that right aIPL and LOTC represent action effects even in response to implied object interactions. These results demonstrate that parietal cortex and LOTC are tuned to physical action features, such as how body parts move in space relative to each other and how body parts interact with objects to induce a change (e.g. in position or shape/configuration). The high level of abstraction revealed by cross-decoding suggests a general neural code supporting mechanical reasoning about how entities interact with, and have effects on, each other.
Hybrid parking space prediction model: integrating ARIMA, Long short-term memory (LSTM), and backpropagation neural network (BPNN) for smart city development
Authors: Dahiya Anchal , Mittal Pooja , Sharma Yogesh Kumar , Lilhore Umesh Kumar , Simaiya Sarita , Haq Mohd Anul , Aleisa Mohammed A. , Alenizi Abdullah
Published: January 2025

Parking space prediction is a significant aspect of smart cities. It is essential for addressing traffic congestion challenges and low parking availability in urban areas. The present research mainly focuses on proposing a novel scalable hybrid model for accurately predicting parking space. The proposed model works in two phases: in first phase, auto-regressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) and long short-term memory (LSTM) models are integrated. Further, in second phase, backpropagation neural network (BPNN) is used to improve the accuracy of parking space prediction by reducing number of errors. The model utilizes the ARIMA model for handling linear values and the LSTM model for targeting non-linear values of the dataset. The Melbourne Internet of Things (IoT) based dataset, is used for implementing the proposed hybrid model. It consists of the data collected from the sensors that are employed in smart parking areas of the city. Before analysis, data was pre-processed to remove noise from the dataset and real time information collected from different sensors to predict the results accurately. The proposed hybrid model achieves the minimum mean squared error (MSE), mean absolute error (MAE), and root mean squared error (RMSE) values of 0.32, 0.48, and 0.56, respectively. Further, to verify the generalizability of the proposed hybrid model, it is also implemented on the Harvard IoT-based dataset. It achieves the minimum MSE, MAE, and RMSE values of 0.31, 0.47, and 0.56, respectively. Therefore, the proposed hybrid model outperforms both datasets by achieving minimum error, even when compared with the performance of other existing models. The proposed hybrid model can potentially improve parking space prediction, contributing to sustainable and economical smart cities and enhancing the quality of life for citizens.
Single-cell analysis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis with diverse drug resistance using surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS)
Authors: Zyubin Andrey , Lavrova Anastasia , Dogonadze Marine , Borisov Evgenii , Postnikov Eugene B.
Published: January 2025

In this work, we investigated individual bacteria M. tuberculosis belonging to strains of the Beijing family with different drug sensitivity (sensitive, multi and extensive drug-resistant) by surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) in the fingerprint region. The latter is focused on the spectral bands, which correspond to a set of glutathione bands and DNA methylation patterns revealed due to 5-methylcytosine spectral biomarkers. It is shown that these spectral features can be correlated with drug sensitivity and DNA methylation. Thus, since this kind of diagnostics is fast and operates with individual cells, it can be considered a promising tool, which significantly shortens the time required for a strain’s type identification necessary to prescribe adequate therapy.