bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Evolution of Financial and Investment Models of Social Security under the Influence of Modern Global Challenges
Authors:   Financial University, Moscow, Russia, Dorofeev M.L.
Published: May 2024

The subject of the study is the interaction of socio—economic institutions, financing mechanisms and financial resource management in the implementation of social guarantees of the state. The relevance of the article is due to the increased influence of the processes of transformation of world economic relations, reglobalization, technological progress on the potential and long-term sustainability of financial and investment models of social security after the crises of the XXI century. The purpose of the work is to define the concept and features of the financial and investment model of social security (FIMSS) and identify the factors influencing it in modern conditions. As a result of the application of methods of analysis and synthesis, systematization, classification and categorization of scientific publications, as well as statistical data from international and domestic organizations, it has been established that FIMSS is a special form of organization of financial relations related to social risk management and other tasks in the field of social security of the population through financing social obligations and investing temporarily free financial resources resources intended to finance social obligations. During the analysis of the current challenges and factors influencing the evolution of the FIMSS, it was concluded that, taking into account long-term socio-economic trends and country-specific features of the FIMSS, it is advisable for the state to develop a non-state social security system, since it allows in the long term to maintain a policy of guaranteeing full coverage of the population with a guaranteed minimum subsistence minimum and at the same time develop tools and opportunities for medium and maximum social security for those who need it.
Enhancing Educational Practices during a Pandemic: Examining Teachers' Journey with Blended Learning in Rural High Schools
Authors: Boateng Sakyiwaa , Marwanqana Siziwe
Published: May 2024

In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, schools and institutions all over the world utilised blended learning during the mandatory lockdowns that were imposed by their respective governments. This acted as a spur for educational reform. This study investigated teachers’ experiences with the implementation of blended learning in rural high schools during the COVID-19 era in one educational district in South Africa. The social constructivism theory served as the theoretical lens for this study. This study employed the qualitative case study design. Purposeful and convenience sampling were used to select participants for the study. The data were collected using semi-structured interviews. The interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analysed using a thematic analysis approach. This study found that teachers perceived blended learning as easy to use, simple, user-friendly, straightforward to navigate, and offering creative modes of instruction. This study further found that teachers developed a positive perception of blended learning and its potential use in teaching and learning in the post-COVID-19 era, as blended learning promoted students’ independence and engagement in the teaching-learning process. However, the participants also experienced challenges, such as a lack of pedagogical knowledge on the use of blended learning, in their respective subjects, connectivity issues, electricity cuts, and network and internet issues. This study suggests that schools implement blended learning in the post-COVID-19 era to evaluate its impact on the teaching and learning process.
Exploring Homeschooling: In-depth Meta-Analysis of Its Impact on Learning Motivation and Factors Influencing Family Choices
Authors: Eldeeb Mena Khairy , Diab Tasneem , Alkubish Yusr , Qadhi Saba Mansoor
Published: May 2024

This study examines the impact of homeschooling, an increasingly popular alternative education, on learning motivation and the factors influencing families' decisions to homeschool. Employing a meta-analytical approach, this study aims to synthesize existing literature on these topics, offering a comprehensive overview of current knowledge. A search conducted on the Web-of-Science database yielded 18 relevant studies meeting the inclusion criteria. The decision to homeschool is inherently intertwined with family choices, influenced by personal family beliefs and values, dissatisfaction with conventional schooling, special health conditions, and religious or moral guidance. These decisions often reflect diverse cultural and societal contexts, emphasizing the contextual nature of homeschooling choices. Overall, results indicate a significant positive impact of homeschooling on learning motivation, as it enhances students' engagement and learning interests. Additionally, the study incorporates a PRISMA diagram and a table outlining the characteristics of the incorporated studies. This meta-analysis provides an updated overview of the homeschooling phenomenon and its implications for future education and practice.
Enfermería y los cuidados paliativos
Authors: Quilligana Reinoso Mariela Beatriz , Espinoza Párraga Maria Cecilia , Solis Zavala Mabel Ivonne
Published: May 2024

La Enfermería en cuidados paliativos se considera una especialización crucial, requiriendo habilidades en pensamiento crítico, comunicación y práctica basada en evidencia. Las enfermeras desempeñan un papel fundamental en la evaluación y estabilización de pacientes, coordinación del equipo de atención y apoyo emocional a pacientes y familias. Los cuidados paliativos, reconocidos por la OMS, buscan mejorar la calidad de vida de pacientes y allegados enfrentando enfermedades potencialmente mortales. Aunque solo el 14% de quienes lo necesitan reciben estos cuidados, es esencial que se integren en la atención primaria de salud para asegurar su accesibilidad. La revisión bibliográfica revela la necesidad de investigaciones sobre el rol de enfermería en este contexto, destacando la importancia de mejorar la calidad de vida del paciente terminal y proporcionar un apoyo integral en la transición hacia el final de la vida.
Sedación en cuidados paliativos
Authors: Delgado Rengifo Andrea Nahomy , García Loor Guido Yunior , Solórzano Buenaventura Franklin José
Published: May 2024

La sedación paliativa (SP) es un enfoque crucial en el manejo del sufrimiento en pacientes terminales, donde otros tratamientos no logran aliviar los síntomas. Se requiere una evaluación exhaustiva y el consentimiento informado del paciente, así como la consulta con un equipo experto en manejo de síntomas. La SP busca aliviar síntomas refractarios como el delirium agitado, el estreñimiento y el dolor, garantizando una muerte tranquila sin relación con la eutanasia. La metodología de la revisión bibliográfica incluyó una búsqueda exhaustiva en bases de datos especializadas y la selección de estudios relevantes publicados en los últimos diez años. Se analizaron los datos para identificar patrones y tendencias, prestando especial atención a la eficacia y seguridad de la SP, así como a las controversias éticas asociadas. La SP se considera éticamente aceptable siempre que no influya significativamente en la supervivencia del paciente. Sin embargo, su aplicación plantea dilemas éticos, especialmente en relación con el sufrimiento existencial y la necesidad de una cuidadosa reflexión compartida. Es crucial que el equipo interdisciplinario esté capacitado y siga directrices establecidas para garantizar una aplicación adecuada de la SP. Las benzodiacepinas son la primera opción terapéutica, y se debe controlar cuidadosamente la dosificación para evitar sedación excesiva o insuficiente. La SP tiene implicaciones significativas en el ámbito antropológico, psicológico y emocional del paciente y su familia. Es esencial diferenciar entre cuidados paliativos, SP y eutanasia, y garantizar el acceso equitativo a los cuidados paliativos a nivel mundial. En última instancia, el respeto por la dignidad y los valores del paciente debe guiar todas las intervenciones médicas al final de la vida, asegurando una atención compasiva y respetuosa que promueva el bienestar del paciente y su familia.
Anestesia intravenosa total (TIVA)
Authors: Moncayo Zambrano Karen Lissette , Salazar Parraga Jose Luis , Salazar Flores María Zamira
Published: May 2024

La anestesia intravenosa total (TIVA) es una técnica anestésica avanzada que implica la administración exclusiva de agentes anestésicos a través de una vía intravenosa. Esta técnica ofrece un control preciso sobre la profundidad anestésica, una recuperación más rápida y suave para el paciente, y un perfil de seguridad favorable. Se llevó a cabo una exhaustiva búsqueda de artículos relevantes en bases de datos como PubMed, Scopus y Web of Science, utilizando términos de búsqueda específicos relacionados con la TIVA y sus aspectos clínicos, farmacológicos y de seguridad. Los estudios pertinentes fueron seleccionados según criterios predefinidos de inclusión y exclusión. Luego, se extrajeron los datos relevantes de los artículos seleccionados y se sintetizaron en un documento que resumió los hallazgos más importantes en la investigación existente sobre la TIVA. Este proceso permitió obtener una visión completa y actualizada de la evidencia disponible sobre esta técnica anestésica. Al evitar la inhalación de gases anestésicos, la TIVA minimiza los efectos adversos en el sistema respiratorio y puede ser una opción segura para pacientes con sensibilidad a los agentes inhalatorios o con enfermedades pulmonares preexistentes. En resumen, la TIVA es una opción anestésica versátil y efectiva que mejora la experiencia quirúrgica y el resultado del paciente.
Framing of Hamas Attacks on Israel in Al-Jazeera and BBCCoverage
Authors: Zawawi Moh , Jambak Mellinda Raswari , Hasanah Ummi , Basid Abdul , Anas Khoirul
Published: May 2024

Abstract. Digital media provides the latest news on global issues, particularly in the realm of religion, attracting a broad audience. This research explores how international mass media outlets Al-Jazeera and BBC frame their coverage of Hamas' attack on Israel on October 7. Utilizing a qualitative descriptive research method, the study aims to comprehensively depict the framing processes employed by Al-Jazeera and BBC in reporting on the Hamas-Israel conflict. Primary data includes Al-Jazeera's article "Why the Palestinian group Hamas launched an attack on Israel? All to know" and BBC News Indonesia's piece titled "What is Hamas and why is it fighting with Israel in Gaza?" Secondary data from relevant scholarly studies supports the research. Data collection involves reading and note-taking, while data analysis follows Miles and Huberman's model—data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. Findings reveal that Al-Jazeera defines Hamas' attack on Israel as a defensive measure, emphasizing its causes and making moral judgments by comparing Hamas' damage to Israel's actions. Al-Jazeera recommends characterizing Israel's actions against Palestine as genocide. On the other hand, BBC portrays Hamas' assault as sudden terrorism, neglecting Israel's criminal history. In its moral assessment, BBC focuses on Hamas' crimes to support a terrorist narrative. Treatment recommendations by BBC attempt to legitimize Israel's colonization efforts by highlighting that Palestine lacks recognition as an independent state by the UN. Differences in framing in the reporting of the Hamas-Israel conflict can affect diplomacy and peace efforts in the region as well as international support for one of the parties. International mass media are not always objective in reporting conflicts because they are influenced by political and ideological interests. This can lead to criticism of media objectivity and fairness and raises questions about the media's responsibility in shaping public opinion that can influence the development of conflicts.Keywords: Framing, Mass Media, Hamas Attack, Israel, Robert Entman
Teaching Strategies to Cope High School Students with Special Needs in EFL Class
Authors: Khofifah Mutiara , Anugerahwati Mirjam
Published: May 2024

Abstract. This study was conducted to investigate how students with special needs in a private school learn an English subject as a foreign language and to explore the English teaching strategies that are utilized by teachers at the secondary level. This study collected quantitative data from 3 teachers at Panjura Private School, Malang. This study used a case study in which the data collected from the interview guide and classroom observation checklist as the instruments to know the technique, challenges, and how the teachers solve the problem that comes from the challenges. The findings revealed that the primary challenges faced by teachers in inclusive classrooms are related to instructional strategies and media. Moreover, this study stands out for its focus on English language education for students with special needs in public schools, addressing a gap in previous research. It provides new insights into inclusive educational practices in a broader context, emphasizing the importance of understanding diverse classroom dynamics and meeting the needs of students with special needs in a general educational environment. Keywords: Student with special needs, private school, English teaching strategies
Sensitivity of the causative agent of net blotch of barley (Pyrenophora teres ) to a two-component fungicide based on triazole and strobilurine classes
Authors:   Timirâzevskaâ selʹskohozâjstvennaâ akademiâ, Yakhnik Ya.V.
Published: May 2024

The study was conducted to investigate the sensitivity of net blotch of barley (pathogen – Pyrenophora teres Drechsler) to two-component fungicides based on triazole and strobilurine classes. The work was carried out on intact barley plants and in pure culture of the fungus using four preparations (Amistar Extra, SC, Amistar Gold, SC, Baliy, MC, Delaro, SC) and five treatment options with different application rates from those recommended by the manufacturers (0 (control without fungicide), 50%, 100% (manufacturers’ recommended rate), 150%, 200%). It was found that the sensitivity of the P. teres fungus varied significantly depending on the active ingredient in the toxicant and the mechanism of interaction with the preparation – in vivo (indirect) or in vitro (direct). When the plants were treated with the doses recommended by the manufacturers, the minimum biological efficacy was found after treatment with the fungicide Delaro, SC – 76.3% (based on protioconazole (175 g/l) and trifloxystrobin (150 g/l)), the maximum biological efficacy was found after treatment with Baliy, MC – 83.1% (based on azoxystrobin (120 g/ l) and propiconazole (180 g/l)). When fungicides were applied to cups with a nutrient medium, the growth of fungal colonies was slowed down in all experimental variants, the maximum biological efficacy values were found after application of Amistar Gold, SC – 98.8% (on the basis of azoxystrobin (125 g/l) and diphenoconazole (125 g/l)), Delaro, SC – 98.4% (based on based on protioconazole (175 g/l) and trifloxystrobin (150 g/l)); minimum values were found when applying Amistar Extra, SC – 38.8% (on the basis of azoxystrobin (200 g/l) and ciproconazole (80 g/l)). The introduction of all preparations into the nutrient medium caused excessive structuring and pathological differentiation of P. teres fungus mycelium, and an acceleration of colony growth phases was observed on the medium with fungicides in comparison with the control variant. The introduction of Amistar Gold, SC, Delaro, SC, and Baliy, MC preparations completely inhibited sporulation. The conducted studies provided new knowledge on the changes in morphological and cultural characteristics of the regional population of P. teres under the action of fungicides of the triazole and strobilurine classes and its sensitivity to toxicants.
Effect of bacteria and salicylic acid on the ornamentalness of Campanula alliariifolia in the Bashkir Cis-Ural region
Authors:   Timirâzevskaâ selʹskohozâjstvennaâ akademiâ, Lastochkina O.V.
Published: May 2024

Campanula alliariifolia Willd. is a promising ornamental crop for container gardening in human settlements. The species is listed in the Red Data Book of the Volgograd region. The aim of the work is to study the effect of Bacillus subtilis alone and in combination with salicylic acid on the decorative qualities of the Campanula alliariifolia. The experiment was carried out in culture based on the collection site of the South-Ural Botanical Garden-Institute in 2021–2022. The effect of growth regulators on the phenology, growth dynamics, some morphometric indicators, the level of individual variability and the evaluation of the decorative qualities of C. alliariifolia was studied. The analysis of growth dynamics showed that during the study period, the maximum increase per day was observed in plants inoculated with B. subtilis. The degree of individual variability of the biometric parameters ranged from 6.1 (leaf thickness with B. subtilis) to 87.9% (number of flowers in an inflorescence with the combination of B. subtilis with salicylic acid). A two-factor analysis of variance showed that the effect of factor A (seasonal variability) was significant for flower and plant height, leaf length and width, inflorescence density and number of flowers in an inflorescence. The proportion of variance of the parameters ranged from 35.8 to 83.9%. The effect of factor B (different experimental options) and A×B is statistically significant only for flower diameter. There is only an average correlation between the diameter and the height of the flower. Only the flower characteristics are strongly related to each other. The study showed that the optimal option for increasing the scores for ornamentality, flowering frequency and inflorescence density of C. alliariifolia is to inoculate the plants with B. subtilis.
Effect of osmotic stress on the germination of Helianthus annuus L. seeds : sucrose as an osmotic regulator
Authors:   Timirâzevskaâ selʹskohozâjstvennaâ akademiâ, Fedorova D.G.
Published: May 2024

Orenburg region belongs to the zone of risky agriculture, which is characterized by droughts alternating with dry and hot winds. Helianthus annuus L., variety ‘Poseidon 625’ is an important food crop cultivated in the region, therefore it is important to identify the influence of climatic drought already at the earliest stages of its ontogenesis. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of different concentrations of osmotic substance (sucrose) on the germination and further growth of seedlings of H. annuus ‘Poseidon 625’. The laboratory germination was carried out in a vegetative chamber according to GOST 12038–84. The method of N.N. Kozhushko recommended by FRC VIR was used for evaluation of seed germination in physiological drought conditions. There are six variants of experiments on germination of seeds in sucrose solutions with concentrations of 1.4% (P = 1 atm), 4.4% (P = 3 atm), 7.4% (P = 5 atm), 10.5% (P = 8 atm), and 16.6% (P = 12 atm) and distilled water as a control. The study showed that the effect of osmotic pressure equal to 1 atm has no significant effect on germination, but has an early stress effect on seeds, reducing their germination energy even in conditions of minimal soil moisture deficiency. By means of a dispersion analysis, a significant decrease (p <<0.05) in both germination and growth processes of seedlings of H. annuus ‘Poseidon 625’ was found with increasing concentration of the osmotic solution by variants of the experiment. Thus, according to the reaction to the lack of moisture in the early stages of ontogenesis the studied variety can be assigned to the group of medium drought resistant.
Fortification of dairy products with pro- and prebiotics
Authors:   Timirâzevskaâ selʹskohozâjstvennaâ akademiâ, Zhukova E.V.
Published: May 2024

The composition of the microflora in the human gastrointestinal tract (GI tract) can change constantly. It depends on the conditions in which a person was born, age, diet, lifestyle, region of residence, various diseases and medications taken. It is very important to maintain the correct balance (ratio) of microorganisms in the GI tract. The novelty of the research lies in the development of symbiotic fermented dairy products, including probiotic microbial cultures and prebiotics. This urgent and promising direction for the development of the dairy industry will enrich consumers’ diets and companies’ product ranges with functional and useful products. Probiotic micro-organisms added to milk in the form of pure cultures were not active enough and did not reach the high titres required for the development of curative and prophylactic foods. The addition of prebiotics to milk at a rate of 3% prior to pasteurisation reduces the risk of extraneous microflora developing during production and improves the curd of the final product. The use of a combination of pure strains of probiotic cultures at a higher concentration (5%) and cultures of microorganisms capable of forming a dense milk curd during fermentation allows a product with good organoleptic characteristics, stable consistency and a high titer of probiotic microorganisms (from 1.0×109 CFU) to be obtained. The profitability of the production of such products is on average 35–40%.
Structure features of the stomatal apparatus of representatives of the genus Thymus L.
Authors:   Timirâzevskaâ selʹskohozâjstvennaâ akademiâ, Malankina E.L.
Published: May 2024

Thymus vulgaris L. and Thymus serpyllum L. are sought-after medicinal plants in many countries of the world for their essential oils, flavonoids and tannins. The species of this genus are extremely polymorphic, both in their morphological and anatomical structure and in their biochemical composition. Stomata play an important role in growth and yield formation. The study of the stomatal apparatus and its features is a relevant research topic for agricultural crops.Eight specimens of Th. vulgaris and three specimens of Th. serpyllum from different geographical origins were used for the work. Standard methods of preparation of preparations were used in the study. The results show that both species are characterized by the presence of stomata on both sides of the leaf. In the epidermis of both species analyzed, the diacytic type of the stomatal apparatus predominates, but occasionally the anomocytic type is also found. The size of the stomata for each cultivar was almost constant regardless of the weather conditions of the year, which probably indicates the genetic determinism of the size of the stomata and allows this indicator to be considered as a diagnostic sign in the pharmacognostic analysis of raw materials. The number of stomata on the upper side of the leaf was relatively low (16 to 129 pcs/mm2), while on the lower side of the leaf it ranged from 97 to 701 pcs/mm2 (in Th serpyllum VILAR and Th. vulgaris cv. ‘Colchis’, respectively), but mostly fell within the range of 300 to 400 pcs/mm2.
Orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) as anuniversal forage crop in adaptive grassland farming (review)
Authors:   Timirâzevskaâ selʹskohozâjstvennaâ akademiâ, Lazarev N.N.
Published: May 2024

The review summarizes the results of domestic and foreign literature on the biological and ecological characteristics and use of orchardgrass in forage production. In Russia and the world, the orchardgrass is one of the most widespread species in natural and seeded meadows. With a sufficient supply of nitrogen, it surpasses other grasses in terms of competitiveness and yield, producing 5 to 12 t/ha of dry matter in different regions of Russia. Under optimal conditions of use, its productive longevity is 8 to 10 years or more. Orchardgrass provides 3 to 5 cuttings per season and is resistant to animal grazing. It provides the earliest fodder in the spring in the green mowing system. Orchardgrass is highly aggressive and will quickly displace other grasses from a sward, so it is often grown in monoculture. It has good foliage and accumulates 15 to 25% crude protein when used before the heading phase. Orchardgrass is superior to meadow fescue, perennial ryegrass, and timothy in terms of drought resistance, but like ryegrass it can be thinned out in the winter-spring period under unfavorable overwintering conditions, and has poor resistance to flooding and near groundwater. Its high shade tolerance makes it suitable for interrow sowing in turf-humus orchards. This improves soil fertility and fruit quality. Under conditions of climate warming, orchardgrass may expand its range in Russia.
Integration and Identity Conflicts: Multicultural Dynamics in Zadie Smith’s White Teeth
Authors: Güneş Mustafa
Published: May 2024

Focusing on how migration and diaspora influence personal and communal identities within contemporary Britain, this article examines the multicultural and postcolonial themes in Zadie Smith's novel White Teeth (2000). The paper analyzes the consequences of decolonization and subsequent immigration from the Commonwealth to Britain, which instigated a blend of cultures and the emergence of a multiracial society. Through a detailed exploration of the novel’s characters—predominantly the Iqbal family and the Jones family—the article illustrates how individuals navigate their complex cultural landscapes and how they often grapple with dual identities and a sense of rootlessness. Utilizing theoretical frameworks from prominent scholars like Said, Bhabha, Ortiz, and Pratt, the paper argues that the novel serves as a microcosm of London, showcasing interactions among diverse ethnic groups that challenge traditional notions of Britishness. Smith’s narrative’s structure, which weaves between past and present, underscores the persistent impact of historical contexts on contemporary lives. Hence, the article highlights Smith's portrayal of ‘transculturation’—where characters somehow adapt and form hybrid identities, reflecting broader postcolonial realities. Overall, what is emphasized in what follows is White Teeth not only captures the essence of modern British multiculturalism but also critiques the lingering effects of colonialism on identity formation in a postcolonial world.
STATE OF HEMOGLOBIN AFTER ITS FREEZING-THAWING WITH GLYCEROL
Authors: Timchenko N. , Shupova E.
Published: May 2024

We have studied the influence of glycerol upon HbA. The cryoprotector effect on conformation of hemoglobin A was investigated using methods of solvent-perturbation differential spectrophotometry and analysis of the IDAS (first derivatives of absorption spectra). Linear nature of the E/E dependence (the ratio of the difference between absorption of hemoglobin in glycerol and absorption of hemoglobin in saline to absorption of hemoglobin in saline) on glycerol concentration for hemoglobin A solutions with glycerol corresponds to literature data and means that if glycerol concentration is raised up to 40%, no changes of protein conformation are recorded by the method of solvent-perturbation differential spectrophotometry. An analysis of the IDAS of HbA in saline (control solution) and HbA solutions with glycerol was carried out. After freeze-thawing of HbA solutions with glycerol, no changes in the conformational state of proteins were recorded. The dependences of E/E on concentration of glycerol for HbA solutions with glycerol after freeze-thawing did not change. An analysis of the IDAS of hemoglobin A solutions with glycerol before and after freezing-thawing, was carried out. There is a permanence of negative maxima of the IDAS of hemoglobin A solutions with glycerol after freeze-thawing from corresponding samples till freeze-thawing. Intensities of negative maxima within 284-286 and 292 nm on the IDAS of hemoglobin A solutions with glycerol after freeze-thawing slighly differ from corresponding samples before freeze-thawing. The results obtained may be related to a change in the solvate shell of biopolymers. Providing hydroxyl groups, glycerol molecules are capable to occupy part of solvate shell of HbA with corresponding change in structure and energy parameters of the macromolecule, since the structure of the macromolecule in solution is known to be supported by a solvent in the immediate environment of the macromolecule. Stabilization occurs due to hydrogen bonds between nonelectrolytes and biopolymers, with nonelectrolytes acting as water substitutes, although influence effects of solvent not necessarily constitute a monotone function of the solvent composition.
PLANKTON FRACTIONATION BY SEQUENTIAL FILTRATION AND CONSTRUCTION OF BIODIVERSITY PYRAMIDS
Authors: Savitsky M. , Kuznetsov A.
Published: May 2024

Lotka-Volterra predator-prey models are used to study community ecology, but their ability to generate ecological pyramids compared to field data has not been investigated in detail. In this paper, agent-based modeling (ABM) was used instead of systems of ordinary differential equations (ODE). It was shown that the two-component producer-consumer system is unstable, whereas the three-component system with consumers of the 1st and 2nd order is stable under prolonged simulation. Time slices as the program progresses can generate both ecological pyramids and cascades. Simulation results are consistent with experiments on separation of the Black Sea plankton from the area of Cape Fiolent (Crimea) into fractions ranging in size from 2 mm to 2 microns. Although biodiversity in individual samples at different points in time as well as abundance vary widely, both predictably decline with rising trophic levels in cases where the number of tests increases over time.
Student feedback guides the development of a microbiome card game “No Guts No Glory”
Authors: Chan Chuu Ling , Lee Russell , Goh Lih Ing , Chong Nathanael Hao Kai , Lee Li Neng , Ch'ng Jun-Hong
Published: May 2024

Introduction: We frequently associate microbes with infection, rarely expounding on their usefulness and importance to healthy development. For humanity to leverage these microbial “super powers”, learners from all backgrounds need to appreciate their utility and consider how microbes could help solve some of the most critical problems we face. However, learners are frequently uninterested or intimidated by microbiology. The card game “No Guts No Glory” was created to engage students by piquing curiosity and encouraging informal learning to change perceptions and advocate the value of microbes to good health.
Methods: Undergraduates from various faculties in the National University of Singapore were invited to play and give feedback on accessibility, engagement and self-reported learning gains.
Results: The game was well-received across disciplinary backgrounds with positive feedback (5-point scale) on game mechanics being fun (4.17±0.63), attractive artwork (3.83±1.00) and scientific snippets (3.79±1.04), positive re-playability (3.46±0.84), player engagement for those without foundational knowledge in microbiology (3.63±1.04), and usefulness of knowledge taught (3.54±1.10). Areas for improvement evidenced from feedback included unclear instructions (2.74±0.98), limited content taught (2.76±0.93), not generating interest to attend formal microbiome classes (2.88±1.17) and not prompting lifestyle changes (1.98±1.11).
Conclusion: This pilot study provided valuable insights from the target demographic, with concrete ideas on how to improve the educational potential of “No Guts No Glory”. Findings further lay the groundwork for the design of future instruments to objectively quantify learning gains from gameplay.

Keywords: Game-based Learning, Microbiome, Microbiology, Card Game, No Guts No Glory
FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE DEMAND FOR SHARIA FINANCING ON CHANGES IN MSME INCOME IN SUMBAWA DISTRICT
Authors: Nuryani Hanifa Sri
Published: May 2024

This research aims to determine the factors that influence the demand for sharia financing on increasing MSME income in Sumbawa District (case study of customers of Bank Syariah Indonesia, Sumbawa Regency Branch). The research results are: first, the impact of Bank Syariah Indonesia's sharia system in Sumbawa District shows a significant influence on changes in income of micro, small and medium enterprises (0.000 < 0.05). The factor that causes this is that small and medium micro business actors in Sumbawa District realize that the sharia system will always bring blessings to every business they undertake. Second, the effect of promotion on changes in income of micro, small and medium enterprises in Sumbawa District in the case of Bank Syariah Indonesia in Sumbawa District did not have a significant impact (0.571 > 0.05). The cause of this is that micro, small and medium business actors in Sumbawa District cannot access the internet, in fact the internet network in some places for small, micro and medium business actors is not yet accessible, where promotion of financing products is mostly done online. Third, the influence of trust in Bank Syariah Indonesia, Sumbawa District Branch, has a positive impact on changes in the income of micro, small and medium enterprises (0.006 < 0.05). The factor that causes this is that micro, small and medium enterprises already believe in the systems and products offered by Bank Syariah Indonesia, Sumbawa District Branch, so that the bank and micro, small and medium enterprises are always on time in repaying their loans every month. Fourth, the influence of facilities and services on demand for sharia financing at Bank Syariah Indonesia Sumbawa District Branch for micro, small and medium enterprises does not have a significant impact (0.909 > 0.05). The factor that causes this is the lack of supporting capacity of human resources.
PENGARUH LINGKUNGAN KERJA NON FISIK DAN KOMPENSASI TERHADAP MOTIVASI KERJA KARYAWAN PADA BPR NUSA BANDUNG
Authors: Ardany Yasmin Tiara , Wijaya Fanji
Published: May 2024

The research aims to correlate enthusiasm in completing tasks with various aspects, emphasizing top management's role in formulating compensation policies to enhance overall company values. This study focuses on BPR Nusa Bandung, a financial service institution offering loans to its clients. Through a preliminary survey, observations revealed discomfort among employees, including instances of misappropriation of funds for personal gain. The study's objectives include understanding employee motivation, assessing the non-physical work environment, examining compensation structures, and investigating the combined influence of the non-physical work environment and compensation on employee motivation at BPR Nusa Bandung. Employing a quantitative approach, data was collected using questionnaires and direct observations from 45 employees through a census sampling method. The analysis indicated a significant impact of non-physical work environment and compensation on employee motivation, with a 51% influence collectively. The study contributes insights into the interplay of these factors within the context of BPR Nusa Bandung, emphasizing the importance of addressing the work environment's physical and non-physical aspects to enhance employee motivation.
PENGARUH FEE AUDIT DAN UKURAN PERUSAHAAN TERHADAP TAX AVOIDANCE
Authors: Ismail Mira , Arman Andi , Mellisyah Mellisyah , Muhaimin Muhaimin , Muttiarni Muttiarni , Salam Salam
Published: May 2024

This quantitative research focuses on examining the impact of audit fees and firm size on tax avoidance. Secondary data, specifically financial reports published on www.idx.co.id, is utilized for this study. The population consists of mining companies, and purposive sampling is employed to select a sample of 138 companies. The analysis is conducted using the e-views software. The results indicate a positive and significant influence of audit fees on tax avoidance. A high audit fee does not imply a company's willingness to comply with tax regulations, but rather companies aim to minimize potential fiscal correction effects that may inflate profits. Proactive measures are taken to mitigate the impact, ensuring that the taxes paid are not excessively high. Additionally, firm size shows a positive and significant impact on tax avoidance
HEAD-WAY NAVIGATED WHEELCHAIR WITH BLUETOOTH CONTROL
Authors: R. RameshBabu , G Sakthi Mahendran , S Dharanidharan , S Gokula Krishnan , K Akash
Published: May 2024

This paper introduces a significant advancement in assistive mobility technology by adding an head-way navigation technique to the normal wheelchair. It addresses the cost issue of traditional electric wheelchairs, which can be over 60000 Rupees, providing an affordable solution for people with physical disabilities. These wheelchairs might have trouble accurately recognizing speech and might not be usable by nonverbal users, which could raise privacy issues and increase reliance on unreliable technology. The innovative control mechanism relies on the user's head movements, eliminating the need for physical effort during movement. The wheelchair is now equipped with obstacle detection technique using ultrasonic sensor, ensuring user safety, Bluetooth control and body temperature measurement. This obstacle detection system gives alert and makes automatic adjustments, making the wheelchair suitable for different environments. If the user had a pain in his neck, he can control the wheelchair by using mobile app. The temperature sensor is placed on the wheelchair to actively monitor the patient’s body temperature. In conclusion, the paper presents an enhanced Head-Way Navigation, combining affordability, user-controlled mobility, and obstacle detection to empower individuals with increased safety and independence.
Perubahan Konsumsi Pangan Pokok Sebagai Proses Adaptasi Komunitas Menghadapi Perubahan Iklim (Kasus: Sebuah RT di Kampung Adat, Kecamatan Cimahi Selatan, Kota Cimahi)
Authors: Belva Fawwaz Adhiyatma  , Pandjaitan Nurmala Katrina
Published: May 2024

Sistem pangan masyarakat Indonesia tidak terlepas dari pengetahuan lokal dalam praktik sistem pertanian yang diadopsi oleh suku tertentu dan diterapkan secara turun-temurun antar generasi. Perubahan iklim menjadi tantangan dalam pemenuhan kebutuhan pangan yang dapat mengancam ketersediaan pangan pada komunitas adat tertentu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perubahan pangan pokok dan faktor yang menyebabkan perubahan konsumsi pangan pokok pada komunitas di Kampung Adat Cirendeu, Kelurahan Leuwigajah, Kota Cimahi yang memiliki bentuk kearifan lokal berupa budaya mengonsumsi bahan pangan beras singkong (RASI). Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kuantitatif yang dilengkapi data kualitatif melalui metode kuesioner dan wawancara mendalam dengan responden sebanyak 50 orang yang dipilih melalui teknik simple random sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terjadi perubahan konsumsi pangan pokok rasi pada komunitas Kampung Adat Cirendeu dalam bentuk mengombinasikan antara rasi dan beras padi. Perubahan ini disebabkan oleh faktor ancaman ketersediaan pangan singkong akibat perubahan iklim, adanya hama penyakit pada tanaman singkong, dan keterbatasan lahan warga sehingga produksi singkong menjadi menurun. Walaupun mulai terdapat perubahan, mayoritas masyarakat masih lebih menyukai mengonsumsi rasi karena merupakan adat istiadat yang diturunkan para leluhur yang masih perlu dilestarikan.
Characteristics of COVID-19 patients with coronary artery disease comorbidity
Authors: Doddy Satria Handris Prasetya  , Lusiani Tjandra
Published: May 2024

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious respiratory disease which is caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Coronary heart disease is a disease caused by plaque build-up in artery walls which supply blood to the heart and other body parts. Coronary heart disease is amongst the most severe COVID-19 comorbidities. Objective: To determine the patient profile of COVID-19 patients with coronary heart disease comorbidity Methods: Literature study with a systematic review that uses previous research as a reference to generate conclusions. Results: Based on the 24 journals used in this literature review, 11 journals discuss the topic of age, 9 journals discuss the topic of gender, and 8 journals discuss the topic of the prognosis of COVID-19 patients with coronary heart disease comorbidity. Conclusion: The mean age of COVID-19 patients with coronary heart disease comorbidity is 63,4 years old. The gender in this case is 64,7% males dan 34,3% females. The rates for prognosis are 47,6% of patients need to go to the ICU, 32,8% of patients died, 51,75% of patients recovered and 36,5% of patients need further treatment.
The seroprevalence of COVID-19 among people living with HIV in Morocco
Authors: Wissal Bencherifi  , Ahd Ouladlahsen  , Hanane Badi  , Mustapha Sodqi  , Latifa Marih  , Kamal Marhoum Elfilali
Published: May 2024

The association of COVID-19 and HIV infection would seem deadly in terms of prognosis and the possibilities of viral clearance given the immunodeficiency. However, a lower seroprevalence has been reported in some studies compared to that found in the non-HIV population. The objective of this study is to determine the seroprevalence of COVID-19 among people living with HIV (PLHIV) in Morocco. This is a prospective study carried out in the infectious diseases department of the Ibn Rochd University Hospital in Casablanca. We included PLHIV who consulted the Infectious Diseases Day-Hospital service between January 18, 2021 and March 10, 2021. After informed consent, patients completed a survey and had blood drawn for SARS-CoV-2 antibody testing. The determination of IgG antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in blood was carried out using chemiluminescence microparticle immunoassay technology. We included 418 PLHIV in the study, most patients were male (50.24%), the average age was 40 years, 90.2% of patients were on antiretroviral treatment, 56.7% had a viral load <20 copies/ml, and 47.37% had a CD4 count greater than 500 cells/μL. The IgG test was positive in 53 patients, representing a seroprevalence of 12.68%. None of the patients had clinical signs. Seroprevalence was higher in female patients (58.49%), aged between 30 and 40 years (41.51%), in patients with a negative viral load (64.15%) and a CD4 count greater than 500 cells/mm3 (49.6%). Our study showed that the seroprevalence of COVID-19 was higher among PLHIV compared to people without HIV infection. All the patients had asymptomatic forms which pushes us to evoke a theory, to demonstrate, of the action of antiretrovirals against SARS-CoV-2.
Pharmaceutical serialization dynamics to restrain illicit trade and counterfeiting of drugs
Authors: Madalsa Kumar
Published: May 2024

Every individual has a fundamental entitlement to healthcare access. It falls upon governments to guarantee the delivery of high-quality healthcare services and infrastructure to their populace.. Over the past few decades, both governments and healthcare industries have been grappling with the challenge of minimizing the adverse effects on public health caused by counterfeit medicines. The World Health Organization has estimated that 40 % medicines in developing and impoverished countries are either counterfeit or potentially adulterated. The global economy suffers billions of dollars in losses due to counterfeit drugs, which also divert funds away from research and development (R&D) initiatives. In the United States, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has devised a 10-year roadmap to implement drug traceability measures. The Healthcare Distribution Alliance (HDA) has been tasked with mandating the printing of multiple barcodes and human-readable data on product packaging. Additionally, the FDA is actively involved in pilot projects with leading pharmaceutical manufacturers and wholesalers to leverage blockchain technology within interoperable digital networks for secure data transfer and traceability among authorized trading partners. Preventing counterfeit medicines from infiltrating the supply chain remains a significant challenge for governments and regulatory authorities. Consequently, there is a growing emphasis on implementing stringent guidelines to deter criminals and counterfeiters from distributing fake medicines in the market. The healthcare industry requires robust regulations and secure technologies to ensure the delivery of safe and authentic drugs to patients.
Severe acute alcoholic pancreatitis complicated by distributive shock, abdominal compartment syndrome, and black pleural effusion
Authors: Yuriy Nikiforov  , Blerina Asllanaj  , Yi McWhorter
Published: May 2024

Severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) is a life-threatening medical emergency that can lead to multi-system organ failure and mortality. Here, we highlight a case of SAP complicated by a black pleural effusion (BPE), distributive shock, and acute abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) requiring emergent decompressive laparotomy. BPE fluid analysis was consistent with previously reported exudative effusions from a pancreatic pseudocyst, though the computed tomography (CT) of abdomen and pelvis did not show definitive evidence of a pseudocyst. In addition, black fluid was also discovered during decompressive laparotomy for ACS. It is possible that the severely elevated intra-abdominal pressure contributed to a temporary translocation/transudation of this fluid from the abdominal cavity into the pleural space, as no re-accumulation of the BPE was observed on a follow-up CT after thoracostomy tube removal.
Hepatitis C prediction using SVM, logistic regression and decision tree
Authors: Anjuman Ara  , Anhar Sami  , Daniel Lucky Michael  , Ehsan Bazgir  , Pabitra Mandal
Published: May 2024

Hepatitis C is an infection of the liver brought on by the HCV virus. In this condition, early diagnosis is challenging because of the delayed onset of symptoms. Predicting well enough can spare patients from permeant liver damage. The primary goal of this work is to use several machine learning methods to forecast this disease based on widely available and reasonably priced blood test data in order to diagnose and treat patients early on. Three machine learning techniques support vector machine (SVM), logistic regression, decision tree, has been applied on one dataset in this work. To find a suitable approach for illness prediction, the confusion matrix, precision, recall, F1 score, accuracy, receiver operating characteristics (ROC), performances of different strategies have been assessed. The SVM model's overall accuracy is 0.92, the highest among the three models.
Effect of ethanolic stem bark extract of Annona muricata (soursop) on reproductive hormones and ovary in female Wistar rats
Authors: Anthonia Kanayo Ezeh  , Azubuike Nwankwo  , Kosisochukwu Emmanuel Ifemenam  , Cornelius Maduabuchi Nwozor  , Basil Nnamdi Ucheonye  , Joy Ijeoma Okwummuo
Published: May 2024

The effect of ethanol extract of stem bark of Annona muricata (soursop) on reproductive hormones and ovaries of Wistar rats was studied. The phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, flavones, flavonols, xanthones, flavanonols, flavonones, and condensed tannins. Twenty (20) experimental animals were randomly grouped into five groups of 4 rats per group and were allowed to acclimatize for 2 weeks. Rats in group A served as the control and were fed with rat feed and water, rats in group B severed as positive control and received low dose clomiphene citrate (20 mg/kg) daily for 21 days, rat feed and water, rats in groups C to E were fed with normal rat feed, water and received different doses of fresh stem bark of Annona muricata extract at 250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg respectively for 21 days. The animals were sacrificed under anesthesia after the experiment and the ovaries were surgically extracted, weighed and sent for histology. Blood samples were collected for analysis (hormonal assay of luteinizing hormone (LH), estrogen, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), progesterone and prolactin. This was carried out using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique. The results showed that there were significant changes in the hormone level of the test groups when compared with the control rats. Significant increase was recorded in progesterone, estrogen, prolactin, follicle stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone p< 0.05. Hence Annona muricata improves fertility in female Wistar rats. There were no histological changes in the ovaries and hence, it was concluded that Annona Muricata does not cause organ damage with increasing dose.