bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Molecular Descriptors of Some Chemicals that Prevent COVID-19
Authors: Mondal Sourav , De Nilanjan , Pal Anita , Gao Wei
Published: December 2020

Background:

Topological index is a numerical molecular descriptor that plays an important role in
structure-property/structure-activity modeling. A large number of works on multiplicative degree based indices
have been developed. However, no attention is paid to investigating their chemical significance. Investigation of
the chemical importance of such indices is needed. The computation of topological indices for different chemical
structures and networks is a current topic of interest in mathematical chemistry.

Objective:

The objective of the present work is to examine the usefulness of the multiplicative degree based indices
in quantitative structure property/activity relationship modeling. In addition, we intend to compute the indices for
some anti-COVID-19 chemicals.

Materials and Method:

The regression analysis for octane data set is performed using MATLAB and Excel to
check the predictability of the indices. The sensitivity test is conducted to examine the isomer discrimination ability.
To study the indices for chemical structures preventing COVID-19, different combinatorial computation methods
are utilized.

Results and Discussion:

The regression models governing the structural dependence of different properties and
activities are derived. The supremacy of the indices as useful molecular descriptors compared to some well-known
and most used descriptors is established. Explicit expressions of the indices for hydroxychloroquine, remdesivir
(GS-5734) and theaflavin are obtained.

Conclusion:

As the indices are shown to have remarkable efficiency in quantitative structure property/activity
relationship modeling and isomer discrimination, the outcomes can predict different properties and activities of the
chemicals under consideration.
New Metabolites of Udenafil Identified through Liquid Chromatography– Quadrupole Time-of-flight Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Pyo Jaesung
Published: December 2020

Background:

Udenafil, a recently discovered drug used for erectile dysfunction treatment, has been widely
prescribed and its effect on human systems has been extensively studied. However, there is little research on the human
metabolites of udenafil. Three metabolites have been identified in rats.

Objective:

Herein, highly sensitive and accurate liquid chromatography–quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass
spectrometry (LC-Q-TOF-MS/MS) was conducted to identify new udenafil metabolites.

Methods:

Human liver microsomes were incubated with udenafil for in vitro samples, and rat urine and faeces samples
were collected from udenafil-administered rats for in vivo samples. Each sample was deproteinated with acetonitrile and
extracted by solid phase extraction. The purified samples were separated and analyzed by LC-Q-TOF-MS, and some
metabolite candidates were reanalyzed for further structural analysis using LC-Q-TOF-MS/MS.

Results:

Eleven and three metabolites were identified in the in vitro and in vivo samples, respectively, and were found to
be hydrolyzed, oxidized, or demethylated forms of udenafil or its metabolites. The error of the metabolic analysis was
−8.7 to 7.6 ppm, indicating the high accuracy of the method.

Conclusion:

These metabolic results could be useful for further investigation of udenafil and new phosphodiesterase-5
inhibitors.
Apoptotic Effects of Bilirubin on Skin Cancer Cell Lines SK-MEL-3 (Melanoma) and A431 (Non-Melanoma)
Authors: Saffari-Chaleshtori Javad , Heidarian Esfandiar , Shafiee Sayed M.
Published: December 2020

Background:

Bilirubin has long been exclusively considered as a potentially dangerous sign of liver
diseases, but it is currently regarded as a reliable signaling molecule as well.

Objective:

This study investigated the effects of unconjugated bilirubin on survival, proliferation, apoptotic and
cell arrest capacities of melanoma SKMEL-3 and non-melanoma A431 skin cancer cells in comparison with
normal Human Dermal Fibroblast (HDF) cells.

Methods:

The MTT assay test was used to identify survival and the IC50 at various concentrations of bilirubin on
SKMEL-3, A431, and HDF cells for 24h and 48h. The comet assay technique was used to investigate
genotoxicity effects, and flow cytometry was run to investigate apoptotic and cell arresting effects of bilirubin on
the cells. The gene expression of cyclin D1, cyclin E1, survivin, Bcl-2, and p53 was investigated by qRT-PCR.
The molecular docking of bilirubin on CDKs (Cyclin-Dependent Kinases 2, 4, and 6) and pro-apoptotic factors
Bad, Bak, Bax, Bid, Bik, and Bim was performed by Autodock software version 2.

Results:

The IC50 of bilirubin on HDF, A431, and SKMEL-3 cells was 125, 115, and 95 μM at 24h and 115, 100,
and 75 μM at 48h, respectively. Although cell arrest in the G1 phase occurred in all cells, bilirubin induced
genotoxicity and apoptosis in SKMEL-3 and A431 cancer cells more pronouncedly than those in normal HDF
cells.

Conclusion:

Bilirubin led to cell arrest in the G1 phase in SKMEL-3, A431, and HDF cells. Additionally,
bilirubin induced apoptotic pathways in SKMEL-3 and A431 cancer cells.
Triazol-phenyl Antipyretic Derivatives Inhibit mPGES-1 mRNA Levels in LPS-Induced RAW 264.7 Macrophage Cells
Authors: dos Santos Lenisa Dandara , Froes Thamires Quadros , Contin de Melo Miriam Cristina , Petto de Souza Gloria Emília , Soares Denis de Melo , Castilho Marcelo Santos
Published: December 2020

Background:

Microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 (mPGES-1) catalyzes the terminal
step of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production, which plays an important role in the regulation of
febrile response. In our previous work, ligand-based pharmacophore models, built with mPGES-1
inhibitors, were employed to identify a novel series of compounds that reduce the febrile response
in rats.

Objectives:

The study aimed to evaluate the mechanism of action of the most active compound (1).

Methods:

For in vivo assays, rats were pretreated with the antipyretic compounds 1-8, 30 min before
LPS injection. For in vitro assays, RAW 264.7 macrophage cells were incubated with the antipyretic
compounds 1-8 for 1 hour before LPS stimulus. After 16 h, quantitative real-time PCR
was carried out. Additionally, the PGE2 concentration in the hypothalamus was quantified by
ELISA and the inhibitory effect of N-cyclopentyl-N'-[3-(3-cyclopropyl-1H-1,2,4-triazol-
5-yl)phenyl]ethanediamide (1) over human COX-2 enzymatic activity was determined with a
COX Colorimetric Inhibitor Screening Assay Kit.

Results:

Compound 1 and CAY10526 showed comparable efficacy to reduce the febrile response
when injected i.v. (compound 1: 63.10%, CAY10526: 70.20%). Moreover, compound 1 significantly
reduced the mPGES-1 mRNA levels, in RAW264.7 cells, under inflammatory conditions. A
chemically-similar compound (8-) also significantly reduced the mRNA levels of the gene target.
On the other hand, compounds 6 and 7, which are also somewhat similar to compound 1, did not
significantly impact mPGES-1 mRNA levels.

Conclusions:

PGE2 concentration reduction in the hypothalamus, due to compound 1 central injection,
is related to decreased mPGES-1 mRNA levels but not to COX-2 inhibition (IC50> 50 μM).
Therefore, compound 1 is a promising lead for innovative antipyretic drug development.
Evaluation of Gamma Amino Butyric Acid (GABA) and Glibenclamide Combination Therapy in Streptozotocin Induced Diabetes
Authors: Zhu Yunfeng , Devi Sushma , Kumar Manish , Dahiya Randhir Singh , Tarkeshwer
Published: December 2020

Background:

Type 1-diabetes (T1D) is characterized by autoimmune destruction of β-cells and loss of endogenous insulin. Lifelong dependency on exogenous supply of insulin presents a great challenge in pharmacotherapy of T1D
that elicits quest for alternative therapies, which can protect β-cells and revive their insulinogenic functions. GABA (γaminobutyric acid) has immuno-protective and β-cell regenerative capabilities. Co-administration of an insulin secretagogue
such as glibenclamide (Glib) along with GABA may enhance the pancreatic insulin output in T1D.

Objective:

The present study evaluated the possible mechanism of GABA in improvement of glucose tolerance and its effects in streptozotocin (STZ) induced T1D along with Glib.

Methods:

Wistar rats (180-220 g) were administered a single dose of STZ (55 mg/kg, i.p.). GABA (100 mg/kg, i.p.) and
Glib (5 or 10 mg/kg, i.p.) alone or in combination were administered for 28 days. Body weight (b.w.), water consumption,
fasting blood glucose (FBG), oral glucose tolerance, plasma lipids, insulin and muscle GLUT-4 (glucose transporters) protein level were assessed.

Results:

T1D significantly decreased b.w. and increased water-intake in rats. An increase in FBG, and decrease in plasma
insulin and muscle GLUT-4 indicated STZ-triggered destruction of β-cells in diabetic rats accompanied with dyslipidaemia.
GABA or Glib (10 mg/kg) significantly improved b.w., plasma insulin and GLUT-4 levels, and ameliorated FBG and blood
lipid profile in diabetic rats. GABA and Glib (5 mg/kg) combination therapy achieved far better control over hyperglycaemia and related pathogenic conditions (b.w., water-intake, insulin, GLUT-4, lipids). The anti-diabetic effect of combination
therapy was significantly more pronounced in comparison to individual drug treatments. Histopathological analysis revealed
an increase in number of functional pancreatic-islets by combination therapy.

Conclusion:

GABA revitalized β-cells against STZ-toxicity. GABA and Glib synergistically augmented insulin secretion
that can be used to manage T1D and its complications. GABA has the potential to remarkably enhance the therapeutic outcome in diabetic patients and reduce the dose of existing anti-diabetic drugs such as Glib.
Fluorescent Pyrazole Derivatives: An Attractive Scaffold for Biological Imaging Applications
Authors: Tigreros Alexis , Portilla Jaime
Published: December 2020

Among the huge number of fluorescent compounds described recently, pyrazole derivatives
could play a paramount role in the design of probes for bioimaging applications–an important
and simple tool for modern biology because of their easy synthetic methodologies, remarkable optical
properties and chelating points. In this mini-review, we highlighted some pyrazole derivatives
that have shown remarkable performance in this area; from the detection of chromium (III) with
limits of detection of 37 × 10-12 M to sensing glutathione in biological samples, as well as small
molecule labeling of drugs and identifying unhealthy cells such as HeLa and labeling subcellular
organelles. Evidently, this important class of N-heterocyclic compounds is part of interesting applications.
Virtual Screening, Molecular Docking and In silico ADME-Tox Analysis for Identification of Potential Main Protease (Mpro) Enzyme Inhibitors
Authors: Panigrahi Debadash , Mishra Ganesh Prasad
Published: December 2020

Objective:

Recent pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2, first described in Wuhan city of
China in December 2019, spread widely in almost all the countries of the world. Coronavirus
(COVID-19) led to the unexpected death of many people and caused a severe economic loss in a
number of countries. Virtual screening based on molecular docking, drug-likeness prediction, and in
silico ADMET studies are some of the effective tools for the identification of small molecules as novel
antiviral drugs to treat diseases.

Methods:

In the current study, virtual screening was performed through molecular docking for identifying
potent inhibitors against Mpro enzyme from the ZINC library for the possible treatment of the
COVID-19 pandemic. Interestingly, some compounds have been identified as possible anti-covid-19
agents for future research. A total of 350 compounds were screened based on their similarity score
with reference compound X77 from ZINC data bank and were subjected to docking with crystal structure
available of Mpro enzyme. These compounds were then filtered by their in silico ADME-Tox and
drug-likeness prediction values.

Result:

Out of these 350 screened compounds, 10 compounds were selected based on their docking
score and best-docked pose in comparison to the reference compound X77. In silico ADME-Tox and
drug likeliness predictions of the top compounds were performed and showed excellent results. All the
10 screened compounds showed a significant binding pose with the target main protease (Mpro) enzyme
and satisfactory pharmacokinetic and toxicological properties.

Conclusion:

Based on these results, it is suggested that the identified compounds may be considered
for therapeutic development against the COVID-19 virus and can further be evaluated for in vitro activity,
preclinical, clinical studies, and formulated in a suitable dosage form to maximize their bioavailability.
Eco-friendly and Green Procedure for Iodination of Reactive Aromatics Using PEG 400-I2/HIO3 Combination
Authors: Pathan Amjad Khan , Patil Pravinkumar , Shinde Avinash , Zangade Sainath
Published: December 2020

Background:

Iodination of organic substrate is an important reaction for synthesis of pharmacological active
molecules.

Methods:

In view of these concerns, we reported the convenient procedure for synthesis of iodo compounds using iodine
and iodic acid in PEG-400.We have reported the eco-friendly procedure for preparation of aromatic iodo compounds using
iodine and iodic acid in green reaction media as polyethylene glycol (PEG-400).

Results:

The iodination of some aromatic compounds such as benzaldehydes, acetophenones, phenols, amines and
heterocyclic compounds carried out using iodine, iodic acid and PEG-400. The synthesized substituted aromatic iodo
compounds were confirmed based on spectral characterization and mixed melting points.

Conclusion:

The method comprises several advantages such as simple reaction procedure, easy isolation, quantitative
yields, and purity of iodo products.
The Influence of Processing Methods on Corrosion Rates of Magnesium - Carbon Nanotube Nanocomposites: A Short Review
Authors: Thornby Jiselle , Alshami Ali , Haghshenas Meysam
Published: December 2020

Several studies have reported the corrosion rates of magnesium carbon nanotube nanocomposites,
but their corrosion behavior is still not well understood. Adding carbon nanotubes (CNTs)
to magnesium (Mg) matrices almost always results in an increase in mechanical properties,
e.g., increased elastic modulus, hardness, ultimate tensile strength, and yield strength. However,
this increase in mechanical properties usually comes at the expense of compromised corrosion resistance.
Galvanic interactions between the carbon nanotubes and the magnesium matrix are the usual
culprits of nanocomposite corrosion. It is important to study the corrosive behavior of these materials
further to create a nanocomposite that is less susceptible to corrosion from the start, i.e., by
careful selection of the fabrication method. In the present review, four processing methods (Disintegrated
Melt Deposition, Friction Stir Processing, Powder Metallurgy, and Ball Milling), which
were used to successfully synthesize magnesium carbon nanotube nanocomposites and test their
corrosive properties are discussed. Attempts are made to correlate processing methods to corresponding
corrosion rates. It was found that the corrosion rates extracted from each reviewed study
may not be readily comparable, and by looking into nanocomposite coatings and carbon nanotube,
it was found that volume or weight percent optimization may be the best way to proceed. The findings
of this investigation can be used as a starting point for the creation of a magnesium carbon nanotube
nanocomposite, which is less inherently susceptible to corrosion as this could take the “potential”
out of the many potential applications of these novel materials.
Auricular Acupuncture with Beads Supports Sustained Weight Loss
Authors:   Clinic F, 1-8-12 Hirakawa-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan, Fujimoto Takahiro ,   Tokyo City University Department of Medical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, 1-28-1 Tamazutumi Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan, Kobayashi Hidetake , Hataoka Takeshi , Taniguchi Kazuo , Miura Keisuke
Published: December 2020

Obesity causes serious long-term health problems in people worldwide. Since the effect of dietary advice is possibly limited, weight loss can be a major challenge; therefore, additional weight control techniques may be beneficial. We conducted four experiments to evaluate if auricular acupuncture point stimulation with simple metal beads (AA) rather than the popular use of intradermal needle (DA) to stimulate auricle would support weight loss. In this retrospective study, weight change in Japanese women (aged 18 to 78) was confirmed based on changes in body composition after receiving auricular acupuncture with AA for three months. Furthermore, as a prospective study, we compared three groups—AA, DA, and non-intervention groups—to evaluate if AA, which is simpler than DA, can adjust hunger and reduce food intake and snacking (n = 58). We evaluated the effect of treatment using a questionnaire that recorded changes in weight, number of snacking time, and the amount of food intake (appetite suppression monitoring study). Furthermore, to evaluate changes in post-prandial blood glucose by AA stimulation by comparing groups, we switched AA and non-intervention periods every 24 h to measure changes in blood glucose by the AA. Finally, to evaluate long-term weight loss, we conducted a follow-up study 6 months after AA intervention. The rate of weight loss in subjects who received AA intervention (n = 1362) was -11.15%, confirming a significant decrease. By comparing people who underwent AA with people who did not, we demonstrated that AA reduces snacking between meals and improves satiety. Compared to the non-intervention group (42.75 (65.23) times), the AA (6.6 (10.53) times) and DA (7.93 (4.92) times) groups saw significant decrease in the number of snacking times (p = 0.04 and p = 0.05). The rate of weight loss was -3.57%, -2.74%, and -1.38% in the AA, DA, and untreated groups, respectively; thus, presenting a significant difference (p = 0.02). Glucose decreased in the intervention group, where a significant difference was observed for the median value at 90 and 105 min (p = 0.05, p = 0.007, respectively). Interestingly, weight loss by AA was maintained for six months after the end of treatment. AA had effects equivalent to or even better than DA while being safe and simple. Thus, it can effectively support weight loss and maintain body weight.
Managing Game-Related Conflict With Parents of Young Adults With Internet Gaming Disorder: Development and Feasibility Study of a Virtual Reality App
Authors: Shin Yu-Bin , Kim Jae-Jin , Kim Hyunji , Kim Soo-Jeong , Eom Hyojung , Jung Young Hoon , Kim Eunjoo
Published: December 2020

Background

Individuals with internet gaming disorder (IGD) report facing family conflicts repeatedly because of their excessive internet gaming. With recent advancements in virtual reality (VR) technology, VR therapy has emerged as a promising method for the management of various psychiatric disorders, including IGD. Given that several risk and protective factors for young people with addiction can be influenced by their interpersonal context, the potential utility of VR-based apps for managing family conflicts needs to be examined with reference to IGD management. However, few studies have evaluated potential treatment modules related to interpersonal conflict management, such as emotion regulation and taking the perspective of others.

Objective

This preliminary study aims to examine the potential use of a VR-based app in the management of game-related conflicts with parents of young adults with IGD and matched controls.

Methods

In total, 50 young male adults (24 with IGD and 26 controls) were recruited to participate in the study. We developed a virtual room where game-related family conflicts arise. Using this room, participants completed 2 VR tasks that required them to express anger and then implement coping skills (ie, risk/benefit assessment of stopping a game and taking parents’ perspective) to deal with negative emotions in interpersonal conflict situations and to decrease one’s gaming behavior.

Results

The results showed that immersion in our VR app tended to provoke negative emotions in individuals with IGD. In addition, after a risk/benefit assessment of stopping a game, the response of stopping a game immediately increased significantly in the IGD group, suggesting that patients’ gaming behavior could be changed using our VR program. Furthermore, in individuals with IGD, longer gaming hours were associated with a lower level of perceived usefulness of the coping skills training.

Conclusions

The findings of this study indicate that our VR app may be useful for implementing more desirable behaviors and managing gaming-related family conflicts in individuals with IGD. Our VR app may offer an alternative for individuals with IGD to learn how a vicious cycle of conflicts is developed and to easily and safely assess their dysfunctional thoughts behind the conflicts (ie, perceived unreasonable risks of stopping a game and thoughts acting as a barrier to taking the perspective of others).
Technology Enabled Clinical Care (TECC): Protocol for a Prospective Longitudinal Cohort Study of Smartphone-Augmented Mental Health Treatment
Authors: Rauseo-Ricupero Natali , Torous John
Published: December 2020

Background

Even before COVID-19, there has been an urgent need to expand access to and quality of mental health care. This paper introduces an 8-week treatment protocol to realize that vision—Technology Enabled Clinical Care (TECC). TECC offers innovation in clinical assessment, monitoring, and interventions for mental health. TECC uses the mindLAMP app to enable digital phenotyping, clinical communication, and smartphone-based exercises that will augment in-person or telehealth virtual visits. TECC exposes participants to an array of evidence-based treatments (cognitive behavioral therapy, dialectical behavior therapy, acceptance and commitment therapy) introduced through clinical sessions and then practiced through interactive activities provided through a smartphone app called mindLAMP.

Objective

TECC will test the feasibility of providing technology-enabled mental health care within an outpatient clinic; explore the practicality for providing this care to individuals with limited English proficiency; and track anxiety, depression, and mood symptoms for participants to measure the effectiveness of the TECC design.

Methods

The TECC study will assess the acceptability and efficacy of this care model in 50 participants as compared to an age- and gender-matched cohort of patients presenting with similar clinical severity of depression, anxiety, or psychotic symptoms. Participants will be recruited from clinics in the Metro Boston area. Aspects of TECC will be conducted in both Spanish and English to ensure wide access to care for multiple populations.

Results

The results of the TECC study will be used to support or adapt this model of care and create training resources to ensure its dissemination. The study results will be posted on ClinicalTrials.gov, with primary outcomes related to changes in mood, anxiety, and stress, and secondary outcomes related to engagement, alliance, and satisfaction.

Conclusions

TECC combines new digital mental health technology with updated clinical protocols and workflows designed to ensure patients can benefit from innovation in digital mental health. Supporting multiple languages, TECC is designed to ensure digital health equity and highlights how mobile health can bridge, not expand, gaps in care for underserved populations.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

PRR1-10.2196/23771
The Use of Digital Tools to Mitigate the COVID-19 Pandemic: Comparative Retrospective Study of Six Countries
Authors: Zeng Kylie , Bernardo Stephanie N , Havins Weldon E
Published: December 2020

Background

Since the COVID-19 outbreak began in Wuhan, China, countries worldwide have been forced to take unprecedented measures to combat it. While some countries are still grappling with the COVID-19 pandemic, others have fared better and have re-established relative normalcy quickly. The rapid transmission rate of the virus has shown a greater need for efficient and technologically modern containment measures. The use of digital tools to facilitate strict containment measures in countries that have fared well against the COVID-19 pandemic has sparked both interest and controversy.

Objective

In this study, we compare the precautions taken against the spread of COVID-19 in the United States, Spain, and Italy, with Taiwan, South Korea, and Singapore, particularly related to the use of digital tools for contact tracing, and propose policies that could be used in the United States for future COVID-19 waves or pandemics.

Methods

COVID-19 death rate data were obtained from the European Center for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), accessed through the Our World in Data database, and were evaluated based on population size per 100,000 people from December 31, 2019, to September 6, 2020. All policies and measures enacted were obtained from their respective governmental websites.

Results

We found a strong association between lower death rates per capita and countries that implemented early mask use and strict border control measures that included mandatory quarantine using digital tools. There is a significant difference in the number of deaths per 100,000 when comparing Taiwan, South Korea, and Singapore with the United States, Spain, and Italy.

Conclusions

Based on our research, it is evident that early intervention with the use of digital tools had a strong correlation with the successful containment of COVID-19. Infection rates and subsequent deaths in Italy, Spain, and the United States could have been much lower with early mask use and, more importantly, timely border control measures using modern digital tools. Thus, we propose that the United States execute the following national policies should a public health emergency be declared: (1) immediately establish a National Command responsible for enacting strict mandatory guidelines enforced by federal and state governments, including national mask use; (2) mandate civilian cooperation with health officials in contact tracing and quarantine orders; and (3) require incoming travelers to the United States and those quarantined to download a contact tracing app. We acknowledge the countries we studied differ in their cultures, political systems, and reporting criteria for COVID-19 deaths. Further research may need to be conducted to address these limitations; however, we believe that the proposed policies could protect the American public.
Opportunities and Challenges of a Self-Management App to Support People With Spinal Cord Injury in the Prevention of Pressure Injuries: Qualitative Study (Preprint)
Authors: Amann Julia , Fiordelli Maddalena , Scheel-Sailer Anke , Brach Mirjam , Rubinelli Sara
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND

Mobile health applications can offer tailored self-management support to individuals living with chronic health conditions. However, there are several challenges to the adoption of these technologies in practice. Co-design is a promising approach to overcoming some of these challenges by enabling the development of solutions that meet the actual needs and preferences of the relevant stakeholder groups.

OBJECTIVE

Taking spinal cord injury as a case in point, the overall objectives of this study were to identify the perceived benefits of a co-designed self-management app that could promote its uptake and to explore the factors that may impede adoption.

METHODS

We adopted a qualitative research approach guided by the Technology Acceptance Model. Data were collected through semistructured interviews with individuals with spinal cord injury (n=15) and two focus groups with health care professionals specialized in spinal cord injury (n=7, n=5). Prior to the interviews and focus groups, study participants were given time to explore the app prototype. All interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using inductive thematic analysis.

RESULTS

Findings of our analysis indicate that study participants perceived the app prototype as potentially useful for supporting individuals with spinal cord injury in preventing pressure injuries. In particular, we identified three concrete use cases highlighting the benefits of the app for different audiences: (1) a companion for newly injured individuals, (2) an emergency kit and motivational support, and 3) a guide for informal caregivers and family members. We also uncovered several challenges that might impede the adoption of the self-management app in practice, including (1) challenges in motivating individuals to use the app, (2) concerns about the misuse and abuse of the app, and (3) organizational and maintenance challenges.

CONCLUSIONS

This study adds to a growing body of research that investigates individuals’ adoption and nonadoption behavior regarding mobile health solutions. Building on earlier work, we make recommendations on how to address the barriers to the adoption of mobile health solutions identified by this study. In particular, there is a need to foster trust in mobile health among prospective users, including both patients and health care professionals. Moreover, increasing personal relevance of mobile health solutions through personalization may be a promising approach to promote uptake. Last but not least, organizational support also plays an instrumental role in mobile health adoption. We conclude that even though co-design is promoted as a promising approach to develop self-management tools, co-design does not guarantee adoption. More research is needed to identify the most promising strategies to promote the adoption of evidence-based mobile health solutions in practice.
Contact Tracing in Healthcare Settings during the COVID-19 Pandemic (Preprint)
Authors: Tang Guanglin , Westover Kenneth , Jiang Steve
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused great damages and it will likely linger for long time. Contact tracing in healthcare settings during the COVID-19 pandemic is of special importance because the population there are the most vulnerable to the pandemic. A good contact tracing technology in healthcare settings should be equipped with six features: promptness, simplicity, high precision, integration, minimized privacy concerns, and social fairness. Existing digital technologies can potentially provide elegant solutions for contact tracing in healthcare settings, of which the indoor real-time location system based on Bluetooth Low Energy and artificial intelligence may be a good candidate.

OBJECTIVE

N/A

METHODS

N/A

RESULTS

N/A

CONCLUSIONS

N/A

CLINICALTRIAL

N/A
Questions to the Article of Telehealth During the COVID-19 Pandemic (Preprint)
Authors: WEI CHIEN
Published: December 2020

UNSTRUCTURED

The recent article published on December 1 in 2020 is well-written but remains several questions that are required to clarifications further, including (1) how many out of those 543 articles were published in Pubmed, (2) whether visualizations can be applied to the study, particularly, with citation analysis, and (3)the article lacks the method to category the overall sentiment about the usefulness of telehealth and analysis to quantify the research contributions in countries/regions to the world. We replicated a study using the similar collected articles in Pubmed to (1) visualize the research contributions in countries/regions and journals using citation metrics, and (2) demonstrate the semantic analysis applied to category article topics related to journals and citations. A total of 514 similar articles extracted from the previous study were collected to match the number of citations in Pubmed. The x-index was used to evaluate research contributions to the COVID-19 epidemic for countries/regions and journals shown on a choropleth map and Kano diagram, respectively. The semantic analysis was performed using abstracts to category article topics related to journals using social network analysis.
Уровни витамина D, половых гормонов и состояние эректильной функции у мужчин молодого и среднего возраста
Authors: Bondarenko V.O. , Khyzhnyak O.О. , Minukhin A.S. , Skornyakov E.I. , Dorosh O.G. , Nikolaev R.S. , Sanina E.M.
Published: December 2020

Актуальность. Эректильная дисфункция (ЭД) при D-гиповитаминозе у мужчин ассоциирована со снижением уровня тестостерона (Т) в крови. При этом в современных исследованиях отсутствуют данные относительно состояния эректильной функции (ЭФ) в зависимости от изменений показателя относительной андрогенизации — величины соотношения Т к эстрадиолу (Е2) (Т/Е2) при условии констатации дефицита и недостаточности витамина D. Нет сравнительных данных состояния ЭД у мужчин молодого и среднего возраста, особенно при наличии и отсутствии сахарного диабета 2-го типа (СД2). Цель: установить особенности изменений ЭФ в зависимости от уровней 25-гидроксихолекальциферола (25(ОН)D) в крови и андрогенного состояния у мужчин молодого и среднего возраста. Материалы и методы. 47 человек мужского пола в возрасте 23–59 лет были распределены на три группы: первая группа (n = 20) — мужчины молодого возраста (32,3 ± 1,1 года); вторая группа (n = 15) — мужчины среднего возраста (53,0 ± 1,0 года) без СД2; третья группа (n = 12) — мужчины, больные СД2, среднего возраста (54,0 ± 1,1 года). В крови иммуноферментным методом с использованием стандартных наборов определяли содержание 25(ОН)D (ELISA, Германия), общего Т («Алкор-Био») и Е2 (DRG). Состояние ЭФ определяли с помощью опросника «Международный индекс эректильной функции-5». Исследования проведены в осенне-зимний период 2019–2020 г. Результаты. Содержание 25(ОН)D в крови у мужчин среднего возраста независимо от наличия или отсутствия у них СД2 было существенно меньше по сравнению с мужчинами первой группы. Доказано, что формирование ЭД у мужчин как молодого, так и среднего возраста обусловлено уменьшением уровней Т в крови и снижением величин соотношения Т/Е2. Выводы. Установлено, что предиктором развития гипотестостеронемии и нарушений андроген-эстрогенового баланса у мужчин независимо от возраста, в том числе больных СД2, может быть снижение содержания в крови 25(ОН)D.
Reflections on the Contributions of Sir Charles Rey to the Development of Financial Control and Accountability in the Bechuanaland Protectorate (1929-1937)
Authors: Phatshwane Percy M. D.
Published: December 2020

This essay examines the diaries of Sir Charles F. Rey, Resident Commissioner of Bechuanaland, covering the years 1929-1937. The paper summarizes and reviews the accounting thoughts, activities and practices during a period of British colonial rule in Bechuanaland Protectorate. It illustrates early accounting and budgetary practices, as well as their role in influencing and shaping political and socio-economic development. The paper reveals that nuances of accounting history are contained in literary and archival documents, and that accounting practitioners and researchers should explore these scripts in order to understanding the introduction and development of accounting in the African continent. It further suggests that Sir Charles Rey’s memoirs show him to be a financial manager and administrator of note, albeit one who used financial management techniques to maintain control over natives, European businesses, and colonial administrators. This notwithstanding, this paper encourages researchers and practitioners to locate accounting history from such writings.
PAPIME 210820: Formación y continuidad a distancia en período de emergencia sanitaria ( SARS-CoV2, COVID-19)
Authors: Rodríguez Salazar Ma. Teresa De Jesús , Monroy Barreto Minerva , Zamora Martínez Olivia , Mercader Trejo Flora E. , Zaldívar Coria Iliana , Herrera Basurto Raúl , García Valdés José de J. , Aban Estrella Alan , Skladal Méndez Analaura , Morales Velázquez Ariana J. , Gómez Carrasco Arlett G. , Gutiérrez Sánchez Caterin , Mendoza Solís Esperanza E. , Bernal España Ilse Pamela , Ramírez Arenas Stephany
Published: December 2020

El presente documento  muestra la respuesta a la situación de emergencia sanitaria COVID-19 a través de los productos académicos generados  del Proyecto PAPIME PE210820 (Sargazo: Contribución de la Química Analítica desde la Docencia e Investigación Formativa)  y presentados a la comunidad científica, académica y estudiantil,  en diversos foros con impacto a nivel Latinoamérica. Lo anterior, empleando las plataformas  digitales CUAED-UNAM-Zoom, y BIDI-UNAM. El testimonio de la continuidad de las actividades académicas se encuentra disponible  en el enlace institucional: https://amyd.quimica.unam.mx/course/view.php?id=662(AMYD 2.0) 
DEVELOPMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION OF NON-IONIC SURFACTANT VESICLES FOR OPHTHALMIC DRUG DELIVERY OF DICLOFENAC POTASSIUM
Authors: Rastogi Bhavya , Nagaich Upendra , Jain D A
Published: December 2020

Non-ionic surfactant vesicles was developed and characterized for ophthalmic drug delivery of Diclofenac potassium. The present research study is a promising approach to improve corneal penetration and bioavailability characteristics. Formulation also found to ensure a good entrapment efficiency and ocular bioavailability of drug in-vivo. Non-ionic surfactant vesicles containing Diclofenac potassium were prepared using surfactant and cholesterol in different ratio by Lipid film hydration technique. Niosomes were characterized For Entrapment efficiency, Particle size analysis, In-vitro drug release and In-vivo studies. The best formulation selected based on above parameters were subjected for sustained release study. Formulation with low cholesterol content which shown 82.1% Entrapment efficiency, 70.01% sustained release over a period of 10 h followed a non-fickian profile with zero order release profile. Scanning electron micrograph indicated that Niosomes have a discrete spherical structure without aggregation. In-vivo study showed an availability of drug in aqueous humor for an extended time period even up to 8 hour and it showed a correlation with the release profile in-vitro. Non-ionic surfactant vesicles are considered the best as it showed good and high Entrapment efficiency and Vitro release with better bioavailability. The proposed method was found to be precise and selective for the development and characterization of Diclofenac potassium Niosomes. Key words: Diclofenac potassium, corneal penetration, sorbitan mono stearate, Entrapment efficiency, SEM, in vitro release study, HPLC.
Consideraciones sobre el problema de la deculturación indígena en Colombia: la educación en la región Amazónica
Authors: Mejía Piñeros María Consuelo
Published: December 2020

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Observaciones preliminares sobre utilización de tierras y fauna por los indígenas del río Mirití-Paraná
Authors: Von Hildebrand Patricio
Published: December 2020

En este estudio se trató de establecer el modo de utilización de tierras de cultivo por los indígenas, por medio de observaciones directas (medidas de las cha­gras, número de chagras en utilización, edad aproximada de las áreas de cultivo, ti­pos de cultivos, etc.) y de datos recogidos dentro de la población indígenas (pro.:c­dimiento tecnológico de socalar, tumbar, quemar, sembrar y cosechar; repartición por sexos de estas etapas de trabajo). Además se recogieron datos sobre utilización de algunos recursos naturales que complementan la dieta del indígena (algunas plan­tas, cacería). Finalmente se definieron algunos criterios para el abandono de tierras, para la manera ele sembrar y para el control de la cacería.
Distribución, importancia económica y domesticación de la palma chonta (Bactris gasipaes)
Authors: Yangüez Bernal Juan A.
Published: December 2020

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ACONSELHAMENTO PARA ATIVIDADE FÍSICA NA ATENÇÃO PRIMÁRIA À SAÚDE: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Authors: Souza Neto João Miguel De , Brito Geraldo Eduardo Guedes de , Loch Mathias Roberto , Silva Sanderson Soares Da , Costa Filipe Ferreira da
Published: December 2020

O objetivo foi sintetizar a produção acadêmica sobre a temática do aconselhamento para atividade física na atenção primária à saúde do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). Trata-se de revisão integrativa da literatura, realizada nas bases LILACS, MEDLINE, PubMed e SciELO, publicada até dezembro de 2018. Foram analisados 22 estudos, dos quais 13 foram observacionais, sete intervenções e dois qualitativos. A prevalência de aconselhamento para usuários variou de 20% a 59,4% entre os estudos e observou-se o perfil de usuários que mais recebem aconselhamento (mulheres, pessoas mais velhas e com diagnóstico de doenças crônicas). Os profissionais mais aconselhadores são: médicos, aqueles fisicamente ativos, que se sentem capazes de aconselhar e que não identificam a falta de tempo como barreira. As intervenções apresentaram efeitos modestos nos níveis de atividade física dos usuários e nas práticas de aconselhamento dos profissionais.
INFLUENCIA DE LA EXPRESIÓN CORPORAL EN EL DESARROLLO DE LAS HABILIDADES SOCIOAFECTIVAS EN EDUCACIÓN SECUNDARIA
Authors: Armada Crespo José Manuel , Montávez Martín Mar , González López Ignacio
Published: December 2020

O presente trabalho aspira a verificar a eficácia de um programa de Expressão Corporal, na disciplina de Educação Física, sobre o desenvolvimento de Habilidades Socioafetivas em estudantes do 4º ano do Ensino Médio Obrigatório de um centro localizado em uma zona de transformação social. Para demonstrar essa eficácia, foi realizada uma investigação quase experimental pré-pós-teste, determinando que o programa gerava diferenças estatisticamente significativas nos alunos, aumentando os padrões de relacionamento e socialização. Da mesma forma, foram observadas mudanças na percepção da capacidade de resolução de conflitos, além de diferenças significativas associadas à idade e sexo dos participantes. O início de um grupo de discussão permitiu medir a satisfação ou transferir para a vida cotidiana as habilidades socioafetivas. Isso leva à conclusão de que a Expressão Corporal é uma ferramenta útil para o desenvolvimento das habilidades mencionadas.
RUI BARBOSA E A EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA NOS PARECERES PARA O ENSINO PRIMÁRIO DE 1883: INFLUÊNCIAS E PROPOSIÇÕES.
Authors: Cavalcante Fernando Resende , Bungenstab Gabriel Carvalho , Lazzarotti Filho Ari
Published: December 2020

O objetivo do estudo foi identificar as influências e proposições para a Educação Física apresentadas por Rui Barbosa em seu parecer para o ensino primário. Os documentos analisados foram: o parecer intitulado “Reforma do Ensino Primário e várias instituições complementares da instrução pública”, publicado em 1883, e o decreto nº 7.247, de 19 de abril de 1879. A pesquisa caracterizou-se como qualitativa, teve como teoria de orientação para as análises a Micro-história e utilizou-se da técnica de Análise de Conteúdo. Podem-se identificar cinco influências: os gregos antigos; os fisiologistas; as nações modernas; os pensadores da educação; e os pensadores da ginástica. No que concerne às proposições, identificaram-se: a ginástica para ambos os sexos; a criação de uma seção de ginástica nas escolas; a obtenção de um professor estrangeiro para atuação e formação de um quadro de profissionais no Brasil; e equiparação da Educação Física às outras disciplinas em importância.
Perfil de Egressos de Residências Multipofissionais em Saúde no Rio Grande do Sul
Authors: Pasini Vera Lúcia , Ponzoni Pretto Ana Maria , Sarria Ana Marcela , Da Silva Cardoso Marcelo Francisco
Published: December 2020

No Brasil as Residências em Saúde se constituem como uma possibilidade de formação para diferentes profissões da saúde, desde o final dos anos 70, especialmente no Rio Grande do Sul. Entretanto, somente no início dos anos 2000 a implantação de Programas de RMS é estimulada em âmbito nacional. Este artigo analisa o perfil de 72 profissionais egressos, no período de 2005 a 2014, de cinco programas de RMS desenvolvidos no Rio Grande do Sul (RS). Os participantes da pesquisa responderam a um formulário elaborado no FORMSUS do DATASUS, com questões fechadas e abertas, analisadas com o uso dos Softwears SPSS e NVivo. A análise apresenta o perfil dos egressos participantes considerando as variáveis gênero, raça/cor; idade; cursos de graduação; instituições de graduação; inserção no mundo do trabalho em saúde e avaliação quanto à formação em RMS, apontando a relevância das RMS para a qualificação no trabalho no SUS.
Sistemas familiares conflituosos e cuidado feminino com crianças acolhidas
Authors: Aguiar Lucas Fadul de , Cruz Edson Júnior Silva da , Pedroso Janari Da Silva
Published: December 2020

O estudo de famílias como um sistema permite desfocalizar sofrimentos e problemáticas em uma única pessoa. Essa compreensão facilita entender o cuidado realizado por mulheres com seus filhos, a partir das heranças transgeracionais que compõe a história de vida familiar. Em casos extremos no cuidado, a criança pode parar em uma instituição de acolhimento infantil. A presente pesquisa investigou a relação entre crianças institucionalizadas e a dinâmica de suas famílias. Trata-se de um estudo de casos múltiplos, com os seguintes instrumentos: entrevistas semiestruturadas e o genograma. A discussão dos resultados evidenciou que a herança de abandono foi atualizada em até três gerações, a partir de uma história que se construiu a base de perdas emocionais e financeiras. Tais perdas foram somadas as dificuldades do núcleo, ao exteriorizarem conflitos que resultaram na posterior desagregação familiar e acolhimento infantil.
Reabilitação psicossocial: entre a segurança e ética da existência
Authors: Batista Araújo Jessica , Cassoli Tiago
Published: December 2020

O seguinte artigo objetiva trazer os resultados de uma pesquisa de mestrado, que se popôs a mapear as práticas de reabilitação psicossocial com usuários de álcool e outras drogas. Utilizando do metodológico da cartografia, acompanhei o cotidiano de um CAPS ad do interior de Goiás, registrando a experiência em um diário de campo. Deparei-me com a toda a diversidade teórica e prática da reabilitação psicossocial, atravessadas pelos diagramas do proibicionismo e antiproibicionismo. Analisadas dentro de uma racionalidade neoliberal, como traz Foucault, as práticas de reabilitação psicossocial de usuários de álcool e outras drogas acompanham de perto os movimentos da população modulando condutas e o consumo de drogas. Porém, agenciada à política de redução de danos, também permite linhas de subjetivação, que possibilita a construção de modos singulares de existência, perpassadas pelo cuidado de si, e não inserido simplesmente num código moral.
Escritura e narração: uma epistolografia da loucura e a emergência de um carteiro
Authors: Trevizani Tiago Marcelo , Da Silva Rosane Azevedo Neves
Published: December 2020

Este artigo apresenta parte de uma pesquisa realizada a partir do encontro com algumas cartas escritas por pacientes do antigo Hospício São Pedro (localizado em Porto Alegre/RS – Brasil). Trata-se de dezessete epístolas, datadas do início do século XX, as quais não foram enviadas aos destinatários, pois ficaram anexadas aos prontuários. Este estudo busca refletir sobre a noção de escritura a partir dessa “epistolografia do hospício”, dando visibilidade a algumas dessas cartas. Os autores apresentam a construção do personagem “carteiro”, que se constituiu como um dispositivo metodológico para este trabalho. Ao longo do texto, realizou-se uma breve contextualização sobre a escrita epistolar, relacionando com a “escrita da loucura”. Discute-se sobre a escritura como um modo de narração, partindo dos postulados de Roland Barthes e Walter Benjamin. Entende-se que as palavras podem ser uma forma de lidar com a dor e de testemunhar os horrores vividos na clausura.