bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
El cuidado y los procesos de atención-desatención como referentes analíticos y operativos para la salud colectiva
Authors: Hersch Martínez Paul , Salamanca González Maria Grace
Published: February 2022

“Cuidado” es un término polisémico, con un potencial referencial para la salud colectiva. En el marco de la reflexión actual sobre el papel y el alcance del cuidado en ese campo, la atención constituye una etapa inicial, esencial, pero insuficiente del cuidado, siendo este un proceso más amplio en los ámbitos individual y colectivo. Si bien el reconocimiento del proceso salud-enfermedad-atención expande la perspectiva de la salud pública, la “desatención”, como tal y como contraparte dinámica de la atención, es invisibilizada, a pesar de su potencial analítico y operativo en el campo de la epidemiología y la salud colectiva. Ambos términos, integrados como procesos de atención-desatención, se analizan en este artículo desde las propuestas de la ética y la integralidad del cuidado, y desde una perspectiva decolonial e incluyente de la epidemiología. En el marco de la dinámica entre atención y desatención, se concreta y materializa la capacidad de prevenir o producir el daño evitable a la salud, en diversos niveles, alcances e itinerarios ilustrativos, específicos y evidenciables en la práctica
VOLUNTARY ASSOCIATION OF TERRITORIAL COMMUNITIES AND ADMINISTRATIVE COMPLETION OF UKRAINIAN ADMINISTRATIVE-TERRITORIAL SYSTEM REFORM: SOLUTIONS AND FORMATION OF DEVELOPMENT PROBLEMS
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko national University of Kyiv, Melnychuk Anatoliy , Moskalenko Anna-Maria ,   Taras Shevchenko national University of Kyiv
Published: February 2022

The aim. The article is aimed at revealing the advantages and difficulties of the model of the reform of the administrative-territorial structure implemented in Ukraine and the effectiveness of the formation of the administrative-territorial structure basic level at two key stages of the reform. Methodology. The analysis of the legal framework for the formation of a new basic level of the administrative-territorial structure of Ukraine in terms of determining the configuration of communities is carried out. The main approaches to the formation of territorial communities of the basic level are analyzed. The regions are compared in terms of the formation of small communities in terms of population. The Results. The number and localization of communities with a small number of populations in two different stages of the formation of the basic level of the new administrative-territorial structure of Ukraine has been established. The advantages and disadvantages of the voluntary stage of unification of territorial communities in Ukraine in 2015-2019 have been identified. The conformity to the declared needs of the formation of territorial communities with sufficient development potential at the final administrative stage of the formation of the basic level of the new administrative-territorial structure of Ukraine has been determined. It focuses on the threats to ensuring local development and the accumulation of community development problems as the basis for a new reform of the administrative-territorial structure of Ukraine in the future. The novelty of the research. For the first time, on the basis of analytical studies and statistical data, an assessment of the formation and regional distribution of small in terms of population territorial communities of the basic level, which were formed after the administrative stage of the reform of the administrative-territorial structure of Ukraine, was carried out. The practical significance. The studies carried out made it possible to analyze, compare and evaluate the effectiveness of two key stages of the reform of the administrative-territorial structure of Ukraine in terms of the formation of territorial communities with limited demographic development potential. The question was raised about the need to resolve the shortcomings of the formation of the basic level of the administrative-territorial structure of Ukraine in the future.
ANALYSIS OF TRANSFORMATION OF WATER AND LAND RESOURCES UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF DRAINAGE RECLAMATION IN VOLYN REGION
Authors:   Internetional university of economics and humanities academician Stepan Demianchuk, Kalko Andrii , Melniychuk Michaylo ,   Lesya Ukrainka Eastern European National University, Uevich Sergii ,   Lesya Ukrainka Eastern European National University, Kalenikov Bogdan ,   Polissya National University
Published: February 2022

Aim. The purpose of this study is to develop a methodology that takes into account the levels of anthropogenic transformation of various components of the environment. Method. In scientific work to take into account the impact of qualitative indicators on the process of transformation of landscapes of Volyn region under the influence of drainage reclamation was used P. Shishchenko's method with the following additions: the coefficient of anthropogenic transformation of landscapes was calculated separately for: relief and soils and water regime. Results. Understanding the state of lands transformed in the process of drainage reclamation provides an opportunity to understand the effects of a complex of factors on land and agricultural needs and encourages scientific study of various components of the environment. During drainage reclamation there is an intensive mineralization of the organic part of the soil with a significant increase in greenhouse gas emissions and the processes of peat mineralization are actively developing. The total coefficient of anthropogenic transformation of landscapes was defined as the average value between these coefficients. The results obtained by an improved method allow a more differentiated assessment of the state of transformation of the landscapes of the Volyn region, taking into account the impact of drainage reclamation. These results are adequate, as there is a connection with the industrial development of territories and the level of agricultural development. The scientific novelty lies in the constructive-geographical analysis of the impact of drainage reclamation in the Volyn region on different types of environment. Practical significance. The results of the research can be used in the educational process of VSU named after Lesya Ukrainka and other educational institutions in teaching geographical, economic and tourism disciplines. The results will find their application in the legislative and executive work of local governments in the development of programs of socio-economic development of territorial communities. The materials of the research will promote the rational use of anthropogenic resources and objects of social and household services in Volyn, which will allow to qualitatively influence the course of administrative reform. A number of provisions can be used in similar studies of the regions of Ukraine.
THE ANALYSIS OF INTERNATIONAL TOURIST STREAMS OF UKRAINE FOR THE PERIOD FROM 2012 TO 2017
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko national University of Kyiv, Glybovets Victoria , Khvesyk Yuliia ,   Taras Shevchenko national University of Kyiv
Published: February 2022

The purpose of this article is to analyze the dynamics of tourist streams between Ukraine and other countries of the world, as well as to identify the factors that influence the development of international tourism most of all. Research methodology. The most important statistical indicators that characterize tourist streams are the number of Ukrainians who visited other countries for tourist purposes and the number of tourists - citizens of other countries, who arrived in Ukraine. In our study of the tourist streams of Ukraine the mathematical indicator that reflects the features of tourist streams and their socio-economic importance for the development of international tourism in the country, namely the coefficient of tourist exchanges, was used. Selected for the research were the countries visited by more than 50 thousand tourists from Ukraine for at least 2 years in a row. The total number of the tourists includes persons who travelled for official, tourism, and private purposes (without vehicle servicing personnel and servicemen). Results of the research. Most tourists from Ukraine go to neighboring countries, namely to Russia, Moldova, Belarus, Poland, Romania, Hungary, and Turkey. Turkey is a popular holiday destination among Ukrainians, because it's close to Ukraine and can provide tourists with a good service. It is necessary to take into account the fact that a large number of Ukrainians work abroad, mainly in Europe, as well as in Russia. When these people leave for a foreign country, they can state their visit is private, not working; therefore, they are mistakenly defined as tourists. The donor countries of tourists who come to Ukraine are (the coefficient tends to "1") Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, and the United States. The countries for which Ukraine is a donor of tourists are the (coefficient tends to "-1") United Arab Emirates, Egypt, Cyprus, Spain, Greece, Austria, Turkey, and Poland. Scientific novelty. For the first time, the coefficient of tourist exchanges of Ukraine in relation to 29 countries of the world for 2012 and 2017 was calculated. The donor countries of tourists coming to Ukraine, as well as the countries for which Ukraine is a donor of tourists were identified. Practical significance. It is to reveal the fact that Ukraine is a donor country for tourists. Given the fact that Ukraine is rich in tourist resources, over time, using the experience of tourist countries around the world, it can change this status and receive more foreign tourists.
Mapping specular hematite ore beneficiation routes to industrial application standards
Authors: Abedi Alireza , Bahrami Ataallah , Chehreghani Sajjad , Ghadri Masoud , Kazemi Fatemeh
Published: February 2022

The purpose of this study is to determine the appropriate method for micaceous iron ore processing and production per-industrial application standards. After identifying the characteristics of the samples (with XRF, XRD, mineralogical analyzes), gravity and magnetic separation tests were carried out. Quartz and hematite are the main minerals of micaceous hematite ores. Silica grade as the major impurity varies from 10% to 68%. The total iron content of the samples also varies from 15% to 62%. A jig and shaking table did not provide a good result in micaceous hematite beneficiation to achieve the standard of its specific applications. Gravity concentration by the spiral in the size range of -200 and -300 μm has led to the production of iron concentrates with a grade of 62.34% and 64.84%, respectively. The recovery values for the two experiments are 13.50% and 12.60%, respectively. Therefore, the spiral did not provide a good result in the micaceous iron ore beneficiation. High-intensity magnetic separation (1.2 T) has resulted in a product with a grade and recovery of 65.98% and 88.35%, respectively. The experimental design utilizing the Taguchi method considering the increasing of grade or recovery priority indicated that for micaceous iron beneficiation with a priority of recovery increasing, the feeder frequency, roll speed, and adjustable gate angle should be at 6.5 Hz, 95 rpm, and 20°, respectively. However, for micaceous iron beneficiation with a priority of grade increasing, the feeder frequency, roll speed, and adjustable gate angle should be at 2.5 Hz, 135 rpm, and 60°, respectively.
Mesozoic-Cenozoic Stratigraphy and Tectonic Development of the Southern Great Tarakan Basin, Northeast Borneo, Indonesia
Authors: Krisnabudhi Alfathony , Sapiie Benyamin , Riyanto Agus Men , Gunawan Adi , Rizky Febriana Fiona
Published: February 2022

We analyzed the tectonics and stratigraphy of the Southern Great Tarakan Basin to determine its tectonic evolution during the Mesozoic-Cenozoic Eras, the evolution of basin geometry, and the potential of hydrocarbon using integrated surface and subsurface data. Southern Great Tarakan Basin can be divided into three sub-basins, Berau, Muara, and South Tarakan. They comprise deposits of Jurassic to Quaternary age, which can be assigned five mega sequences based on their lithological characteristics and tectonic development. We divide the tectonic events into four main phases; (1) contractional Jurassic-Cretaceous, (2) extensional Paleogene, (3) subsidence Early Neogene, and (4) contractional Late Neogene. The development of the strike-slip activity influenced the geometric evolution of the two sub-basins. NW-SE transpressional structures formed during the contraction phase caused most of the existing structure in Paleogene reactivated and inverted, followed by basement uplift and erosion. Consequently, the evolution of the transpressional system caused The Great Tarakan Basin to be divided into five sub-basins during the Late Miocene-Pliocene. Moreover, five horizons with hydrocarbon potential exist in the southern part of The Greater Tarakan Basin; three plays in the Berau Sub-basin, and two main plays in the Muara Sub-basin. The Late Neogene structures in the Berau Sub-basin control the accumulation, migration, and trapping mechanism, whereas these structures do not exist in Muara; hence, this sub-basin is dominated by stratigraphic traps.
Soil pollution of the Labin city area with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons derived from Raša coal mining and associated industries
Authors: Jakovljević Ivana , Mešić Ivona , Pehnec Gordana
Published: February 2022

The aim of this study was to determine the mass fraction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the soil of the Labin city area (west Croatia) as a consequence of the pollution caused by centuries old Raša coal mining and associated metal processing and foundry industries. Samples of topsoil down to 10-cm depth, following the removal of plant cover, were collected, air-dried, and sieved to <2 mm. Afterwards, they were extracted, and PAH levels were measured by high performance liquid chromatography using a fluorescence detector with a varying wavelength of excitation and emission (HPLC/FLD). The results showed substantially elevated levels of PAHs across the study area. The soil pollution with PAHs increased in the direction towards the Raša Bay, where a former coal separation unit was in operation decades ago. The results demonstrated the presence of pyrolitic PAHs that resulted from Raša coal combustion at high temperatures in power plants, and unburnt coal-derived PAHs formed by Raša coal carbonization. This paper for the first time reports levels of PAHs in soil of the Labin city area, establishing them as higher than the values set by Croatian legislation. Therefore, this study clearly calls for immediate clean-up measures in order to solve the environmental pollution issue of the vulnerable local karst area.
Application of Solid Expandable Tubulars in the Petroleum Industry
Authors: Gaurina-Međimurec Nediljka , Mesarić Pavao
Published: February 2022

The development of solid expandable tubular (SET) technology and products (open hole liner, open hole clad, cased hole liner, liner hanger, internal casing patch, etc.) has enabled operators to plan well design in a new way and solve various problems that arise during drilling and exploitation on land and offshore. By including an expandable open hole liner, monobore open hole liner or monobore openhole clad in well design, it is possible to achieve a slim hole design and/or resolve unwanted situations that occur during the drilling of problem zones with minimal hole size reduction and reach hydrocarbon reserves which cannot be achieved economically by conventional technology. By installing an expandable cased hole liner or internal casing patch in production wells to cover the intervals of a corroded casing or to close old perforations, it is possible to extend the life cycle of a production well and increase the final hydrocarbon recovery and speed up the return on investment. The aim of this paper is to systematically review the relevant literature and give an overview of solid expandable tubular technology and its applications in the petroleum industry, as well as the cementing technology of open hole expandable liners. The available data for 21 case studies of SET application in onshore and offshore wells were analyzed in detail. Based on an extensive review of the literature and analyzed data, it can be concluded that SET technology is being successfully applied worldwide and that expandable liners with a diameter of 114.3 mm to 339.72 mm are being run in wells to ever greater depths (up to 5166 m) and in ever more extreme downhole conditions.
Mechanism of development of coal dust continuous explosion in a network of mine workings
Authors: Kostenko Viktor , Zavialova Olena , Pozdieiev Serhii , Kostenko Tetiana , Hvozd Viktor
Published: February 2022

The objective of this paper is to reveal the mechanism of creating conditions for the continuous explosion of coal dust by transferring seismic energy to coal dust located along the perimeter of a working. The ANSYS software package was used to model the movement of coal dust particles in the air under the influence of seismic waves caused by the action of an explosion. It was confirmed by modelling that seismic waves, provoked by an explosion, propagate in the rock mass at a higher velocity than the moving explosive front in the air of a working. The qualitative and quantitative behaviour of a layer of coal dust in the process of oscillation of the working walls under the influence of seismic waves during one second was described. The stage of dynamic loosening of the powder is supplemented by the initial period of the mechanism of explosion development, when there are no combustible concentrations of gas or coal traces in the air composition of the mine working before the incident. It is established that under the seismic influence at a distance of about 50 m from the hypocentre of the explosion, a layer of powder-like dispersed coal rises into the air forming a dust cloud, which is the initiator of further continuous development of the explosion spreading in a network of mine workings.
Exploring the Gait and Stability of Passengers at the Moment they get off an Urban Railway Train by Laboratory Experiments
Authors: Seriani Sebastian , Erenchun Cristobal , Palma Felipe
Published: February 2022

The Santiago of Chile subway system is nowadays one of the most used means of transportation in the city, therefore many passengers with reduced mobility prefer it. However, in the subway lines, we can find different vertical gaps that are generated between the train and the platform. These vertical gaps makes it difficult for passengers with reduced mobility to get on and off the train, by generating a change in their gait, affecting their stability. This stability can be represented by different variables such as the rejection and damping force, the travel ranges of each step component, and the area generated by these travel ranges. The objective of this paper is to study, experimentally, the effect of vertical gaps on the gait and stability of passengers with reduced mobility in the train-platform space of subway stations. For this purpose, the construction of full-scale experiments representing the train-platform transition was carried out at the Human Dynamics Laboratory of the Universidad de los Andes. To obtain the data, a Bertec force plate and Bertec Acquire 4 software were used, which allows, to obtain the force in the z-axis and the pressure centers in the x-axis and y-axis. The results show that the higher the vertical gap, the higher the instability in passengers with reduced mobility. In addition, it was also observed how passengers with reduced mobility change their gait strategy when having to face vertical gaps greater than 11 cm, since they changed the angle of inclination with which people position their foot when descending, to be able to do the process with greater stability. It is hoped that future experiments will expand the scope of this type of study, by implementing more instrumentation and a larger number of participants.
Two-stage orthodontic treatment outcomes of children with dentoalveolar class II malocclusion
Authors: Ayupova Farida S , Khotko Rasudan A
Published: February 2022

Background. During the rehabilitation of children with distal occlusion, it is not always possible to achieve the desired outcomes. In this context, the factors influencing the outcomes of treatment for class II malocclusions in children at different stages of occlusion development.
Aim. To study two-stage orthodontic treatment outcomes in children with dentoalveolar class II malocclusion by the clinical case.
Material and methods. We analyzed the physical examination results of the patient within the treatment from 6 to 17 years. Facial proportion symmetry, aesthetic, type of face, plaster dental models were determined by using the photographs. Orthopantomography was used to analyze the condition of temporary and permanent teeth, jaw bone tissue and to assess functional disorders. Orthodontic treatment in a mixed dentition period was carried out using removable devices, including those improved by the authors. In the permanent dentition, orthodontic brackets with power elements were used.
Results. Untimely contacting the doctor, an insufficient level of motivation to implement recommendations for improving posture and dental care contributed to an increase in treatment duration. Keeping excessive cervical spine flexion and head tilted back, the bad habit of placing (pressure) the hand on the chin, and the rejection of a myo-gymnastic exercise (physical therapy) interfered with the synchronous (normal) development of the jaws. Premature loss of a temporary molar on one side led to dentoalveolar asymmetry and disruption of occlusal contacts. Additional orthodontic appliances were used to correct these deformities. Over-retained deciduous teeth led to the delayed eruption of permanent teeth and, presumably, to the curvature of their roots. Violation of the tooths root shape and asymmetry in permanent teeth crown size prevented the full correction of their position using highly effective modern non-removable orthodontic equipment. The anomalous position of the rudiment of the third molar, the refusal for timely tooth extraction further led to the increasing complexity of the surgical technique.
Conclusion. The timing and effectiveness of orthodontic treatment of a patient with dentoalveolar class II malocclusion were influenced by a poor body posture, extraction of a primary molar, the delayed eruption and crown size asymmetry of permanent teeth, the presence of bad habits and minimal cooperation of the patient with the orthodontist.
Features of sinus rhythm restoration in patients with paroxysmal and persistent non-valvular atrial fibrillation and previous COVID-19 infection in iron-deficiency anaemia
Authors: Valeev Marat K , Khasanov Niyaz R
Published: February 2022

Background. Currently, there are conclusive data in the literature on the effect of reduced haemoglobin concentration on sinus rhythm restoration in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. It is relevant to study the features of rhythm restoration in patients with anaemia and atrial fibrillation in COVID-19 infection.
Aim. To study the effects of iron-deficiency anaemia on sinus rhythm restoration rate and the dose of amiodarone required for this in patients with paroxysmal and persistent non-valvular atrial fibrillation and previous COVID-19 infection.
Material and methods. The study included 63 patients aged between 53 and 94 years (mean age 60.810.9 years): 26 men (41.3%) and 37 women (58.7%). The patients were divided into groups according to the presence of anaemia and computed tomography staging (CT severity score) of lung damage. Criteria for inclusion: paroxysmal or persistent non-valvular atrial fibrillation; previous COVID-infection (according to the documents, medical records). We took into account medical histories, laboratory and instrumental findings, as well as treatment. The statistical analysis was performed by using the Statistica 13.3 software. The obtained data were presented as M or Me [Q1; Q3]. The differences between the indicators were assessed using Students t test, the MannWhitney U test and the KruskalWallis H test. Nominal variables were compared by using Pearsons 2 test with Yates correction or Fishers criterion. The relationship between the parameters was assessed using the Pearsons or Spearmans correlation coefficient. A p 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results. The patients with normal haemoglobin concentration restored sinus rhythm for 10 [4; 13] hours and the patients with iron-deficiency anaemia for 5.5 [2; 10] hours (p=0.044). In patients with COVID-19 pneumonia, we found a direct correlation between the degree of lung damage and the dose of amiodarone (r=0.33, p 0.05), as well as the time of sinus rhythm restoration (r=0.48, p 0.05).
Conclusion. The presence of iron-deficiency anaemia in patients with previous COVID-19 infection and paroxysmal and persistent non-valvular atrial fibrillation is associated with a shorter time and a lower dose of amiodarone required for successful sinus rhythm restoration in comparison to patients with normal haemoglobin concentration; in patients with more severe lung damage caused by COVID-19 pneumonia, it takes more time and a large dose of amiodarone for sinus rhythm restoration.
Current possibilities of predicting the development of pre-diabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Petrankov Kirill V. , Salukhov Vladimir V. , Pugachev Maxim I. , Dobrovolskaya Larisa M. , Stepanova Tatyana V. , Izilyaeva Elizaveta A. , Shustov Sergej B.
Published: February 2022

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a serious chronic disease that poses a serious public health problem since this pathology has a significant impact on health due to the high risk of occurrence and development of severe complications, which directly affects the socio-economic well-being of the population. The presented article analyzes the most significant links in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus, which makes it possible to determine the risk factors for its occurrence and development. The influence of obesity on disorders of carbohydrate metabolism, as well as other associated metabolic conditions, such as atherosclerosis, hypertension, dyslipidemia, has been emphasized. Anthropometric parameters and various indices are presented, allowing them to be assessed in relation to metabolic changes. The review summarizes the most convincing biochemical markers that have prognostic value in relation to the development of pre-diabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus. The article pays special attention to the analysis and evidence base of the existing scales for assessing the risk of developing pre-diabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus, including the first domestic calculator based on the DIARISK questionnaire. In addition, the article presents statistical data on the higher incidence of metabolic syndrome in people professionally associated with high psychoemotional load. However, the methods for assessing the risk of pre-diabetes and T2DM do not reflect the contribution of this factor to the development of carbohydrate metabolism disorders.
Disruption of endothelial glycocalyx in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Shimanski Daniel A. , Nesterovich Irina I. , Inamova Oksana V. , Trophimov Vasilii I. , Galkina Olga V. , Levykina Elena N. , Vlasov Timur D.
Published: February 2022

BACKGROUND: Endothelial glycocalyx has an important role in the regulation of endothelial functioning. It is the first to be damaged during the development of autoimmune inflammatory diseases. Thinning of endothelial glycocalyx leads to a violation of the barrier function of blood vessels, the development and maintenance of the inflammatory process. In this context, using endothelial glycocalyx assessment for diagnostic and monitoring of diseases is considered of great interest.
AIM: To establish the relationship between endothelial glycocalyx thickness with activity, serological profile and risk factors for an unfavorable course of rheumatoid arthritis.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 76 patients from 18 to 65 years of both sexes with rheumatoid arthritis. The perfusion boundary region of endothelial glycocalyx determined using a dark-field microscope has been used as the main indicator for assessing the state of endothelial glycocalyx.
RESULTS: The obtained results have demonstrated a decrease in the initial endothelial glycocalyx thickness in females in the presence of risk factors for an unfavorable course of rheumatoid arthritis. At the same time, no relationship with the serological profile and endothelial glycocalyx thickness has been found. An inverse correlation between endothelial glycocalyx thickness and syndecan-1 level and erythrocyte sedimentation rate has been found. This confirms the fact that endothelial glycocalyxes are involved in the inflammatory process in rheumatoid arthritis. Endothelial glycocalyx assessment using dark-field microscopy made it possible to predict the subsequent appointment of pulse therapy with methylprednisolone in the hospital. On re-examination, endothelial glycocalyx thinning has been observed in the presence of unfavorable risk factors for the course of rheumatoid arthritis, in negative to anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies patients, or in the absence of response to treatment.
CONCLUSIONS: The use of dark-field microscopy is unique in its capabilities for intravital and non-invasive assessment of endothelial glycocalyx thickness. It provides important fundamental information deepening knowledge in the pathological physiology of disease. From a clinical point of view, it allows to consider a decrease in endothelial glycocalyx thickness as an additional prognostically unfavorable marker in rheumatoid arthritis.
Evaluation of the Resource Use Efficiencies of Small-Scale Vertical Hydroponic Structures against Growing Plants in Soil
Authors: Buyeye Zikhona
Published: February 2022

The aim of this research was to investigate the use of small-scale vertical farming structures as an alternative to improving resource use efficiency in agriculture. To achieve this, Fordhook Giant Swiss chard was grown over two cropping seasons between February and November 2019 at the Ukulinga Research Farm in Mkondeni, Pietermaritzburg. The main factor was the growing method. The sub-factors were light provision and nutrient solution concentration. The hydroponic structures had a significantly higher land use efficiency than the plant pot setup (3 041.05 g.m-2 vs 405.89 g.m-2 in cropping season one (CS1), and 3 106.41 g.m-2 vs 464.53 g.m-2 in CS2), p < 0.0005. The crop water productivity of the hydroponic structures was significantly higher than that of the plant pot setup (8.45 g.L-1 vs 5.72 g. L -1 in CS L and 8.44 g.L-1 vs 6.59 g.L-1 in CS2), p < 0.0005 in CS1 and p = 0.014 in CS2. The energy use efficiency of plants grown hydroponically under sunlight (104.25 g. KWh-1 in CS1 and 103.43 g. KWh-1 in CS2) was significantly higher than that of plants grown hydroponically under grow lights (12.30 g. KWh-1 in CS1 and 12.80 g. KWh-1 in CS2). It was also significantly higher than plants grown in soil under grow lights (8.16 g. KWh-1 in CS1 and 9.29 g. KWh-1 in CS2), p < 0.0005. The vertical hydroponic structures had higher resource use efficiencies than soil planting. The research showed that small-scale hydroponic structures can be used to improve agricultural productivity. © 2022 Friends Science Publishers
Os cabalos salvaxes de Galicia. Contexto socio-económico e beneficios ambientais: o caso de estudo de Galicia no proxecto GrazeLIFE (LIFE18 PRE NL 002)
Authors: Fagúndez Jaime , Lagos Laura , Cortés Vázquez José Antonio , Canastra Flávia
Published: February 2022

A Universidade da Coruña (UDC) é socia do proxecto LIFE GRAZELIFE (LIFE 18 PRE/NL002), un proxecto europeo con socios de oito países que se desenvolveu entre os anos 2019 e 2021. O obxectivo principal do proxecto é promover a xestión sustentable do territorio mediante o pastoreo e uso de grandes herbívoros. A UDC contribuíu co estudo dos cabalos salvaxes de Galicia fronte a outras alternativas de xestión caso das repoboacións forestais de quenda curta e longa, a gandaría extensiva ou o abandono. Seleccionamos dúas áreas de estudo que representan dúas situacións diferentes en relación coa paisaxe dominante e o uso dos cabalos salvaxes (bestas). A serra do Xistral, no norte de Lugo, é un espazo da Rede Natura 2000 dominado por queirogais húmidos e turbeiras, onde as bestas pertencen a gandeiros profesionais. A serra da Groba, no sur de Pontevedra, é unha área cun clima máis cálido, cuberta principalmente por repoboacións forestais e con frecuentes incendios. As bestas pertencen a besteiros que non son profesionais. Durante o proxecto realizamos vinte entrevistas semiestruturadas e dúas reunións de grupo con besteiros, propietarios dos terreos e expertos de diferentes sectores (forestal, turístico, asociacións conservacionistas e outros). Solicitamos información sobre a súa relación coas bestas, os problemas aos que se enfrontan, as súas demandas e as súas opinións respecto das políticas públicas vixentes, incluídas as axudas da PAC ou as compensacións por danos do lobo, e os seus plans de futuro. No estudo de campo seleccionamos áreas representativas de cada modelo de uso do solo e realizamos un estudo sistemático de riqueza e diversidade de plantas, biomasa e materia orgánica no solo. Estas medidas serven como indicadores de cambios na biodiversidade, secuestro de carbono e risco de incendios entre os diferentes modelos.
Los caballos salvajes de Galicia. Contexto socioeconómico y beneficios ambientales: el caso de estudio de Galicia en el proyecto GrazeLIFE (LIFE18 PRE NL 002)
Authors: Fagúndez Jaime , Lagos Laura , Cortés Vázquez José Antonio , Canastra Flávia
Published: February 2022

La Universidade da Coruña (UDC) es socia del proyecto LIFE GRAZELIFE (LIFE 18 PRE/NL002), un proyecto europeo con socios de ocho países que se desarrolló entre los años 2019 y 2021. El objetivo principal del proyecto es promover la gestión sostenible del territorio mediante pastoreo y uso de grandes herbívoros. La UDC ha contribuido con el estudio de los caballos salvajes de Galicia frente a otras alternativas de gestión como las repoblaciones forestales de turno corto y largo, la ganadería extensiva o el abandono. Seleccionamos dos áreas de estudio que representan dos situaciones diferentes en relación al paisaje dominante y el uso de los caballos salvajes (bestas). La Serra do Xistral, en el norte de Lugo, es un espacio de la Red Natura 2000 dominado por brezales húmedos y turberas, donde las bestas pertenecen a ganaderos profesionales. La Serra da Groba, en el sur de Pontevedra, es un área con un clima más cálido, cubierta principalmente por repoblaciones forestales y con frecuentes incendios. Las bestas pertenecen a besteiros que no son profesionales. Durante el proyecto realizamos veinte entrevistas semiestructuradas y dos reuniones de grupo con besteiros, propietarios de los terrenos y expertos de diferentes sectores (forestal, turístico, asociaciones conservacionistas y otros). Recabamos información sobre su relación con las bestas, los problemas a los que se enfrentan, sus demandas y sus opiniones sobre las políticas públicas vigentes, incluidas las ayudas de la PAC o las compensaciones por daños del lobo, y sus planes de futuro. En el estudio de campo, seleccionamos áreas representativas de cada modelo de uso del suelo y realizamos un estudio sistemático de riqueza y diversidad de plantas, biomasa y materia orgánica en el suelo. Estas medidas sirven como indicadores de cambios en la biodiversidad, secuestro de carbono y riesgo de incendios entre los diferentes modelos.
Analysis and Simulation of the Impact of Gamma parameter and Phase Noise on Phase-Locked Loop with PID Controller
Authors:   Gauhati University, Department of Electronics & Communication Technology, Guwahati-781014, Assam, India, Konwar G. , Bezboruah T.
Published: February 2022

In this work, detailed simulation and analysis of impact of gamma parameter and phase noise on the proportional-integral-derivative controlled phase-locked loop is carried out. The linear mathematical model for gamma parameter along with the phase noise model of the proposed system is developed. To improve the loop dynamics, a new type of loop filter is designed by considering a parallel combination of second order passive low pass filter and a proportional-integral-derivative controller in place of the traditional loop filter. The transfer function of gamma parameter as well as noise sources of each component of the phase-locked loop is derived from the proposed model in s-domain. Simulation is carried out on MATLAB to study how gamma parameter impacts on system response as well as on the phase noise contribution to the proposed system. The impact of gamma parameter on lock time, phase margin and loop bandwidth is also studied for gamma parameter less than one and greater than one. Finally, a comparison is done between second order low pass filter, proportional-integral-derivative controller and the newly designed loop filter. Simulation results shows that the proposed system with newly designed loop filter improves the system stability with fast switching speed and reduced the phase noise with gamma greater than one.
Zinc Oxide Nanowire Field Effect Transistor Used as a pH Sensor
Authors:   Electrical, Computer, and Telecommunications Engineering Department, CET, Botswana International University of Science and Technology, Private bag 16, Palapye, Botswana, Ditshego N. M. J.
Published: February 2022

An ion sensitive field effect transistor can outperform conventional ion-selective electrodes. Thus, a zinc oxide (ZnO) nanowire field effect transistor (NWFET) pH sensor was fabricated and measured. The sensor contained a channel with 1.7×1018 cm-3 donor concentration and 100 ZnO nanowires in parallel, each with the following dimensions: 10 μm×120 nm×20 nm. The active channel is passivated with an 18 nm Al2O3 layer. The device was measured under a controlled environment with and without pH solutions. The pH range was 3–9 with a sensitivity of 2.48 mV to 10.3 mV. The voltage sensitivity translates to a percentage value of 15%. The measurements obtained before and after the pH solution treatment demonstrate the possibility of re-use of the device by rinsing and brushing the sensing layer.
Outcome of cephalo-medullary nailing in intertrochanteric fracture of femur
Authors: Kumar Sah Rabins , Gaurav Gupta
Published: February 2022

Background: Intertrochanteric fracture is commonly seen in elderly and osteoporotic bone due to trivial trauma and requires hospitalization. Nonoperative treatment leads to complications like bedsore, pneumonia and deep vein thrombosis. The introduction of cephalomedullary nailing has broadened its use in complex intertrochanteric fracture with least complications.

Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted in Birgunj, Nepal from 4th October 2020 to 3rd October 2021 among 50 patients of age more than 30 years with closed intertrochanteric fractures. Ethical approval was obtained from the institutional review committee and proper informed consent was taken. Modified Harris hip scoring system was used. Type of implant used was PFN long and short.

Results: The mean age of 50 patients was 66.42 years, female to male ratio was 1.5:1 (30:20) and right side (72%) with fall injury (78%) was commonly observed. According to Kyles classification, 40% patients had Kyles’s type II fracture followed by type III (38%).  Most of the cases start mobilization on 2nd post operative day. Mean Harris hip score at 14 days, 6 weeks, 3 months and 6 months were 52.02, 64.50, 72.91 and 84.40 respectively. Early mobilization within 2 days of post-surgery had significant improvement in functional outcome throughout follow up as compared to more than 2 days (p=0.001, 0.001, 0.001 and 0.001 at 14 days, 6 weeks, 3 months and 6 months respectively). Radiological union was achieved in all cases within 6 months.

Conclusions: The study results concluded cephalomedullary nailing is effective treatment for intertrochanteric fracture.
Study of psoriasis and related co-morbid conditions
Authors: Rasool Abdul , Priyanka Meda D. , Kilaru Krishna R. , Paladugu Rambabu
Published: February 2022

Background: Psoriasis is a chronic, inflammatory papulosquamous disorder of the skin in which both genetic and environmental factors have a crucial role. Comorbidities tend to arise in complex disorders; they are usually multifactorial and most frequently demonstrate an inflammatory pathology. Aim and objectives of the study include: to determine the occurrence of comorbidities; to determine if the presence of these comorbidities is related to the severity of psoriasis; and to determine if the presence of comorbidities is related to the duration of psoriasis.

Methods: 100 patients diagnosed with psoriasis, attending DVL OPD of a tertiary care teaching hospital were enrolled based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. General, systemic examination and relevant investigations are done to determine co-morbidities in these patients.

Results: Among 100 patients, 70 (70%) patients were having comorbidities. Most of the patients had one comorbidity (38%) followed by two comorbidities (16%) and more than two comorbidities (15%). Dyslipidemia (56%) was the commonest comorbidity followed by diabetes mellitus (23%), obesity (20%), hypertension (18%) and metabolic syndrome (15%). 76% of patients with severe disease and 68% of patients were having mild to moderate psoriasis had co-morbidities. Among 80 patients with less than 5 years of disease duration, only 54 (67.5%) patients were having comorbidities. While 20 patients with more than 5 years of duration of disease, 16 (80%) were having comorbidities.

Conclusions: Wide range of co-morbid conditions are associated with psoriasis. The need for comprehensive screening and treatment must be recognized and addressed.
Investigation of the ergonomic suitability and the health related quality of life among the students in online education during the COV?D-19 pandemic
Authors: Güçhan Topcu Zehra , Hürer Cemaliye , Zabit Özdemir Ferdiye , Ahsen Şenol Emine
Published: February 2022

Students suddenly came across with a new education system due to pandemic. Health education needs practices including manual skills so education method is totally affected in Faculties of Health Sciences.

The aim of this study is to examine the ergonomic suitability of the studying posture and health-related quality of life of the students during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Faculties of Health Sciences of the Universities in Northern Cyprus, a cross-sectional study design

Ergonomic designs were evaluated from five pictures and a total score was obtained. Nottingham Health Profile was used to determine the quality of life during this new education version.

Only 12.8% of the students used a great posture and some parameters of quality of life were found different between female and males (p<0.05). 73.0% of the students who received online education had an increase in the level of musculoskeletal pain during the pandemic. The students stated that they have pain in the shoulder area with almost 30%. Very few students perceived adequate postures during online lectures. Some gender related differences were found in quality of life. The study will guide managements of universities and health professionals in terms of workload of online health education and its risks to musculoskeletal system of young population.
Efficacy of COVID-19 vaccine in elderly Indian population with Vitamin D and Iron deficiency
Authors: Gujjarlapudi Deepika , Mahavadi Srihita , Namburu Veeraiah , Hassan Naveed , Reddy Duvvur Nageshwar
Published: February 2022

: SARS-COV-2 is has led to a worldwide pandemic COVID-19 vaccine roll out proceeds worldwide, attention is increasingly being paid to vaccination of older people that can affect vaccine efficacy. Iron deficiency anaemia and Vitamin D deficiency is a leading global cause of years lived with disability.

: To study the immune response in Vitamin D, Iron deficiency when compared to non deficient covid vaccinated recipients.

: This is a hospital based observational cross-sectional study done between April 2021 to September 2021 in elderly Indian population. Total 360 vaccine recepients attending OPD post vaccination between 15-45 days were measured anti-RBD IgG antibody & anti-spike S1/S2 antibodies, vitamin D, Iron, TIBC, HB, levels in above 60 years.

Out of 360 vaccine recipients, 46 had COVID-19, and we have excluded them from the study. Of the 314,They were grouped as Group I: Vitamin D deficient, Group II; Iron Deficiency, Group III :has both Deficiency of Vitamin D & Iron. GroupIV: has No Deficiency In Study I: We Compared age, sex hematological indices, vitamin D. In 314 Vaccine recipient 57.3%Male, 42.7% were female In Study II: 35% Vitamin D deficient ,30.6% Iron deficiency,23.6% had both deficiency 10.8% have no deficiency. In Study III Responses were evaluated post-vaccine RBD IgG concentration and Spike antibodies were each significantly higher among the No deficiency recipients, when compared to Iron & vitamin D Deficient recipients.

An integrated approach is required to better understand aging & how vaccines work in elderly which will help in improving the immune response after vaccination.
Profile of rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis at a tertiary care center in Dehradun
Authors: Jain Monika , Gupta Priyanka , Vats Vatsala , Kakkar Ashish , Shakeel Tarannum , Gupta Manisha , Hasan Mohd Ghaniul , Sandhu Sumdisha , Luthra Anshika , Singh Shreya
Published: February 2022

Aims of this study to determine the predisposing factors and common presenting complaints of ROCM patients, the knowledge of which will assist in formulation of effective preventive measures at our local level.

A retrospective, hospital record-based study was conducted comprising 30 patients that presented to our tertiary care centre from 1st February to 31st July, 2021, admitted under a Multidisciplinary mucormycosis team. Detailed history and examination was supplemented with histopathological and radiological investigations.

Preponderance for middle aged to elderly was seen. Only one patient had bilateral presentation. Diabetes mellitus was found to be the primary associated comorbidity. Duration of COVID infection emerged as a significant factor with 70% of cases observed to have a duration > 28 days. Primary presenting complaint was facial edema followed by proptosis and Diminution of vision. Corticosteroid use was the prevailing predisposing factor. All patients received parenteral therapy with Amphotericin B. Of the 30 cases, 76.67% required primary functional endoscopic debridement, and four reported mortality as the final outcome. 10% patients required re-debridement with retrobulbar amphotericin B injection, and only two ended in Orbital exenteration.

High index of clinical suspicion in elderly and diabetics especially in corticosteroids and/or oxygen therapy is required. Due attention to warning symptoms and signs, early diagnosis and apt treatment may help optimize the outcome of ROCM in the setting of COVID-19.
Knowledge and awareness of glaucoma among nursing personnel in a rural tertiary care hospital
Authors: Suresh A. Malvika , H V Pooja , Gowda H T Venkate
Published: February 2022

To assess the knowledge and awareness of glaucoma among nursing personnel in a rural tertiary care hospital.

Questionnaire based study conducted on 106 nursing personnel. A self designed questionnaire combined of 20 closed ended dichotomous and open ended questions were administered. Subjects 'having heard of glaucoma' even before being recruited for the study were defined as aware and subjects who were having some understanding of the eye disease were defined as knowledgeable.

A total of 106 subjects participated in the study. The proportion of awareness was 96.22% (102). ‘Good knowledge’ was demonstrated in 26.41% (28) of the participants. 44.3% (47) participants were classified under ‘fair knowledge’ and the remaining 29.24% (31) were deemed with ‘poor knowledge’.

Even though the level of awareness of glaucoma among the nursing personnel is good, their knowledge base is still inadequate.