bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Desarrollo de competencias científicas mediante una unidad didáctica de ecosistemas en grado sexto
Authors: Coronado Peña Jhorman Jesid , Builes González Yeliza , Vargas Orozco Ángela Patricia , Obando-Correal Nadia Lucía
Published: August 2020

El artículo tiene como propósito presentar los resultados de una investigación orientada al fortalecimiento de competencias científicas en estudiantes mediante una unidad didáctica de ecosistemas en grado sexto.  EL estudio de naturaleza mixta aborda un componente cuantitativo  a través de la aplicación de un cuestionario a los estudiantes para validar conocimientos con relación al tema planteado; igualmente se trabaja un componente cualitativo a través de la Investigación-Acción-Participativa (IAP); se exploran las ideas previas de los estudiantes a través de preguntas vinculadas con el mundo de la vida, posteriormente se realiza una intervención didáctica que permita la conceptualización y construcción de saberes científicos; finalmente se hace una valoración del proceso de aprendizaje a través de autoevaluación y heteroevaluación de lo conceptual, procedimental y actitudinal. Como resultado se evidencia el desarrollo de competencias del pensamiento científico como la observación de fenómenos particulares y su registro, formulación de hipótesis, análisis de resultados, generación de conclusiones y trabajo en equipo. Se concluye que las actividades experienciales permiten al estudiante ubicarse desde el rol de científico cuando lo invitan a que observe, registre y genere conclusiones, efectivamente promueven esas competencias del pensamiento científico.
Juegos cooperativos en la convivencia escolar, un estudio descriptivo
Authors: Cárdenas Messa Gustavo Adolfo , Soto Arias Carolina , Becerra Collazos Diego Alejandro
Published: August 2020

El artículo tiene como objetivo analizar la incidencia de los juegos cooperativos en la convivencia escolar. Se realizó un análisis de contexto en el ámbito escolar objeto de estudio, que permitiera identificar las interacciones entre los diferentes actores de la institución educativa, en relación con la convivencia y los mecanismos de adaptación a estas prácticas asociadas a las disfuncionalidades de convivencia. La información se obtuvo mediante entrevistas y grupos focales a estudiantes y docentes de una institución educativa oficial del departamento del Valle, Colombia, respecto a las estrategias que ha implementado la institución con el fin de fomentar la sana convivencia, resolución asertiva de conflictos, cultura de la democracia, así como una axiología que propicie la cohesión entre sujetos. El componente empírico se aborda desde la clase de educación física, implementando los juegos cooperativos como estrategia didáctica para evaluar su efecto en las principales problemáticas que afectan el buen convivir escolar. La metodología es de naturaleza cualitativa, con análisis de las situaciones analizadas tanto en el diagnóstico, como en la implementación de la secuencia didáctica. Los resultados permiten comparar el estado inicial y el final, respecto a las conductas asertivas o disfuncionales de convivencia escolar. Se concluye en que los juegos cooperativos contribuyen al desarrollo de competencias para evidenciar habilidades y virtudes en la búsqueda del bien común
Configuración de los espacios rurales en el municipio de Purificación, Tolima, Colombia
Authors: Sánchez-Jiménez Wilson , Nieto-Gómez Libia Esperanza , Giraldo-Díaz Reinaldo
Published: August 2020

Se toma como punto de partida la noción de configuración de los espacios rurales señalando que su configuración no responde a la comunión milenaria del hombre con el elemento esencial natural llamado tierra, como parte del intercambio orgánico, sino que, en el contexto de las lógicas de acumulación capitalista, obedece a los dictados de un crecimiento desmesurado y sin control de la ciudad que tiende a eliminar las relaciones sacras del hombre y la naturaleza. Metodológicamente se adoptó el testimonio histórico como estrategia de registro de información. Se presenta en primer lugar un referente conceptual del espacio rural. Luego se analiza la espacialidad territorial y rural en el municipio de Purificación, Tolima. Se encontró que las políticas de tierras, reforma rural y desarrollo que promueve el Estado colombiano son técnicas de gobierno de los pueblos latinoamericanos a través de las cuales históricamente los organismos multilaterales y los Estados controlan los territorios. Se concluye que es necesario pensar en escenarios rurales autogestionarios que den cuenta de la realización comunitaria de planes de vida con miras a un reparto de la propiedad de la tierra que nivele las desigualdades de la estructura social en Colombia.
Summary of Agricultural Application of Radar Remote Sensing
Authors: Li Sicheng
Published: August 2020

Radar remote sensing has the ability of all-day and all-weather monitoring, has certain penetration ability to vegetation, and is sensitive to the shape, structure and dielectric constant of vegetation scatterers. These characteristics make it have great potential in agricultural application. Firstly, this paper introduces the application fields of radar remote sensing in agriculture, and summarizes the current research literature in many fields, such as crop identification and classification, farmland soil moisture inversion, crop growth monitoring and so on. Then, the application status and research achievements of radar scatterometer and various SAR features (including SAR backscattering features, polarization features, interference features and tomography features) in various fields of agriculture are described respectively. Finally, the problems and reasons existing in the current research are summarized according to the agricultural application requirements and the development of SAR technology, and the future development is prospected.

 
Application of Remote Sensing Technology in Macro-Ecological Environment Monitoring
Authors: Guo Miaocai
Published: August 2020

At present, all countries in the world attach great importance to the development and application of remote sensing technology, which is widely used in many fields. By means of detection methods, this technology combines physics knowledge and modern network technology to provide relevant information for human exploration of geology, atmosphere, ocean and weather. In recent years, the global economy has developed rapidly. However, the environmental pollution has become increasingly serious at the same time. Industrial enterprises have discharged a large number of pollutants, resulting in air pollution, water pollution, soil pollution and so on, which seriously endanger human health and life safety. Environmental monitoring is the basis of effective control of environmental pollution. Remote sensing technology can be applied to carry out environmental monitoring and improve the monitoring effect of environmental monitoring.
ОСНОВНЫЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЯ УРОВНЯ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОЙ БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ РЕГИОНА В ЦИФРОВОЙ ЭКОНОМИКЕ
Authors: Сошина О.Н.
Published: August 2020

В работе проведен анализ основных проблем обеспечения и анализа уровня экономической безопасности региона при цифровизации экономики. Охарактеризован основной инструментарий индикаторов экономической безопасности региона. Предложен новый подход к содержанию экономической безопасности региона с учетом специфики развития цифровой экономики и реализации обеспечения цифровой экономической безопасности региона, цифровой безопасности. Обозначена роль индикаторов правовой безопасности, информационной безопасности и кадровой безопасности в региональной цифровой экономике. Представлен анализ социально-экономического развития Северо-Западного Федерального округа и показаны основные серьезные дисбалансы развития данного региона.
Association of GFR, Fiber-Rich Regimen and Metabolic Syndrome With Elevated C-Reactive Protein Levels: Results of a Multicenter National Survey
Authors: Hosseini Zahra , Ghodsi Saeed , Sadre-Bafghi Seyed-Ali , Mohebi Mehrnaz , Meysamie Alipasha , Tofighi Saeed , Soleimani Hamidreza
Published: August 2020

The present study investigates the association of cardiovascular risk factors such as metabolic syndrome (MetS), fiber-rich regimen, and Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) with elevated high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) levels. We designed a cross-sectional study based on data of the third National Survey of non-communicable diseases (SuRFNCD-2007); among 2125, Iranian adults (1168 women) aged 25-64 years. Demographic and anthropometric characteristics were collected. Biochemical assessments, were determined on venous blood samples. Quantitative highly sensitive CRP was measured via enzyme-linked immunoassay. Elevated CRP was defined as values above 3 mg/l. Metabolic syndrome was defined according to the ATP III (Adult Treatment Panel III report, 2005). GFR was calculated with the MDRD formula. Multivariable logistic regression accompanied by complex sample survey analysis, including stratified weighting, were recruited. The fiber-rich regimen was determined by the daily consumption of more than five units of vegetables or fruits. Mean age of the population was 39.4±4.5 years. Adjusted odds ratios for prediction of high CRP pertaining to High LDL, Low Physical activity, BUN, MetS ATP III, Declined GFR (per 30 units reduction), optimal Fiber intake, and Current Smoking were calculated. Corresponding values with 95 % CI were 1.36 (1.04-1.85), 1.31(1.11-4.20), 1.04(1.04-1.12), 1.47 (1.04-2.09), 1.22 (1.11-3.36), 0.84 (0.87-1.48), 1.74 (0.39-1.38), respectively. We figured out that MetS, declined GFR in early stages of CKD, and low physical activity were related to high inflammatory state, while fiber-rich regimen decreased the likelihood of high CRP in smokers.
The Effect of Intraoperative Ketamine and Magnesium Sulfate on Acute Pain and Opioid Consumption After Spine Surgery
Authors: Etezadi Farhad , Farzizadeh Mansour , Sharifinia Hamid Reza , Alimohammadi Maysam , Khajavi Mohammad Reza
Published: August 2020

Ketamine and magnesium in brain act as an N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist that has been shown to be useful in the reduction of acute postoperative pain and analgesic consumption in a variety of surgical interventions. We hypothesized that combination of low dose ketamine and magnesium would reduce early postoperative opiate consumption and analgesic requirement after 6 weeks. This was a randomized, prospective, controlled-placebo trial involving elective and eligible patients undergoing lumbar spine surgery. Seventy patients in the treatment group were administered 0.5 mg/kg intravenous ketamine and 1 gram of magnesium as an intravenous bolus slowly during 3 minute before incision and 0.25 mg/kg/hr ketamine and 0,5 g/hr magnesium intravenous infusion during surgery. Seventy patients in the placebo group received saline of equivalent volume. Patients were observed for48 h postoperatively and followed up at 6 weeks. The primary outcome was 48h morphine consumption. The severity of pain was lower in the intervention group than in the placebo group during 48 hr post-operatively, morphine consumption in this group also decreased significantly during this period. Intraoperative ketamine-magnesium reduces opiate consumption in the 48-h postoperative period. This combination may also reduce pain intensity throughout the postoperative period in this patient population.
Splenic Artery Aneurysm Case Report
Authors: Asghari Reza , Mohammadi Susan M , Fathi Fardin , Hesam Shariati Nastaran , Gholami Farashah Mohammad Sadegh , Hesam Shariati Mohammad Bakhtiar
Published: August 2020

Splenic artery aneurysm (SAA) is rare, often with no sign patient, discovered accidentally in ultrasonography and imaging studies. A healthy 45-year-old woman was referred to us by abdominal pain in the epigastric region-imaging showed a large mass located between the spleen, stomach, and pancreas. CT scan showed two true aneurysms of a 4 mm and 12 mm diameter in the middle third and distal part of the splenic artery. SAAs that are lesser than 2cm can be controlled; however, our patient was given an open surgery, and splenectomy with the removal of the aneurysm has done.
Comparison of the Efficacy of Platelet-Rich Fibrin and Bone Allograft for Alveolar Ridge Preservation after Tooth Extraction: A Clinical Trial
Authors: Azangookhiavi Hassan , Ghodsi Safoura , Jalil Fatemeh , Dadpour Yalda
Published: August 2020

Objectives: Bone remodeling after tooth extraction results in decreased ridge volume and complicates implant placement. Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) is a rich source of autogenous cytokines and growth factors; it has been proven to effectively improve soft tissue healing and hard tissue regeneration. This study sought to compare the clinical application of freeze-dried bone allografts (FDBA) and PRF for alveolar ridge preservation after tooth extraction.
Materials and Methods: This clinical trial was conducted on 32 patients presenting for the extraction of hopeless non-molar teeth. The teeth were extracted with minimal trauma, and the samples were randomly divided into two groups (n=16). Tooth sockets were filled with either FDBA or PRF (prepared using 10cc of the patient’s blood). Bone regeneration was assessed by evaluating changes in horizontal and vertical bone dimensions after 12 weeks (the time of implant placement) using an acrylic stent fabricated before tooth extraction and a periodontal probe. The results were compared by repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA; P<0.05).
Results: Ridge width showed a significant reduction compared to the baseline in both groups (P=0.001); ridge height changes were not significant (P>0.05). The evaluated groups did not show any significant difference in height/width changes (P>0.05).
Conclusion: The results showed an acceptable efficacy for PRF without graft materials in alveolar ridge preservation. This material is cost-effective and could be easily prepared. PRF application in extraction sockets yielded similar results to FDBA.
Effect of Cavity Disinfection with Chlorhexidine on Marginal Gap of Class V Composite Restorations Bonded with a Universal Adhesive Using Self-Etch and Etch-and-Rinse Bonding Strategy
Authors: Kimyai Soodabeh , Mohammadi Narmin , Bahari Mahmoud , Pesyanian Elahe , Pesyanian Farhood
Published: August 2020

Objectives: This in-vitro study aimed to evaluate the effect of cavity disinfection with chlorhexidine (CHX) on marginal gaps of Class V composite resin restorations bonded with a universal adhesive using self-etch and etch-and-rinse bonding strategy.
Materials and Methods: Sixty sound human premolars were randomly assigned to two groups (n=30): group 1 (CHX) and group 2 (no CHX). Each group was divided into two subgroups (n=15) according to the bonding strategy of the universal adhesive (self-etch or etch-and-rinse). Class V cavities were prepared on the buccal surfaces of the teeth. The occlusal and gingival margins of the cavities were placed in enamel and dentin, respectively. In the first and second subgroups of both groups, the All-Bond Universal adhesive was applied with self-etch and etch-and-rinse bonding strategy, respectively. After restoration and thermocycling, the samples were sectioned, and marginal gaps at the gingival margins were measured in micrometer (µm) under a stereomicroscope. Two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare marginal gaps between the groups and the subgroups.
Results: The mean marginal gap size was significantly affected by cavity disinfection (P=0.001) and bonding strategy (P=0.002). However, the interaction effect of these two factors on the mean marginal gap size was not significant (P=0.79).
Conclusion: The use of CHX resulted in larger marginal gaps at the gingival margins of Class V composite resin restorations. Irrespective of disinfection, the self-etch bonding strategy resulted in larger marginal gaps compared to the etch-and-rinse bonding strategy.
Use of Mucograft Collagen Matrix® versus Free Gingival Graft to Augment Keratinized Tissue Around Teeth: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Rokn Amirreza , Zare Hadi , Haddadi Pardis
Published: August 2020

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the mucograft collagen matrix (CM) to increase keratinized tissue around teeth compared to free gingival graft (FGG).
Materials and Methods: The present double-blind, randomized, controlled clinical trial studied 12 patients who had 2 mm or less keratinized gingiva bilaterally around mandibular premolars. The 6-month width of keratinized tissue, periodontal parameters (preoperatively and 1, 3, and 6 months postoperatively), color match, pain, and total surgical time were measured.
Results: The mean dimensional change of keratinized gingiva 6 months postoperatively was 4.1±0.7 mm for FGG and 8±1.7 mm for CM. Periodontal parameters were not affected in the two groups. The CM group had a significantly lower pain, experienced less surgery time, and gained better aesthetics compared to the FGG group.
Conclusion: CM appears to be a suitable substitute for FGG in procedures designed to increase keratinized tissue around teeth. It has remarkable benefits, such as acceptable keratinized tissue gain, less pain, less surgical chair time, and better aesthetics.
Proposed Classification of Periampullary Diverticulum and its Role on Performing ERCP and Post ERCP Complication
Authors: Salmanroghani Hasan , Rouzegari Mohammad Hassan , Baghbanian Mahmud
Published: August 2020

Introduction: Duodenal diverticula are pouches of the mucosa, submucosa, and scattered muscle cells that extend through the intestinal wall. In this study, we aimed to classify the papilla position according to presence of PAD and evaluate the impact of papilla position on the success rate and post ERCP complication in the patients with PAD.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 1260 patients with bile duct problems underwent ERCP. Patients with diverticulum were considered as the first group and the patients without diverticulum as the second group. In this study, SPSS Version 18 software, Chi-square and Students T-test were used, respectively.
Results: 239 patients had peripheral diverticula. The mean age of participants was 68.9±10.3. In 239 patients with diverticulum Type 1=48.2%, Type 2 =37.6%, Type 3 =5.1%, Type 4 =9.1% the success rate in Type 1 was 97% (p-value: 0.003). In the patients with type 3, the cannulation was difficult and had a low success rate, with more complications.
Conclusion: Classification of PAD can predict success rate in the patients with PDA, and can predict post ERCP complication rates.
Cuidado à saúde nas doenças crônicas infanto-juvenis
Authors: Lopes Ana Caroline Carneiro , Nóbrega Vanessa Medeiros da , Santos Mariana Matias , Batista Annanda Fernandes de Moura Bezerra , Ramalho Elisabeth Luisa Rodrigues , Collet Neusa
Published: August 2020

Este estudo tem como objetivo analisar o cuidado à saúde de crianças e adolescentes com doenças crônicas. Trata-se de pesquisa qualitativa, realizada com dez cuidadores de crianças/adolescentes com doenças crônicas, por meio de mapa falante e entrevista em profundidade, de março a maio de 2015. Os dados foram interpretados pela análise temática proposta por Minayo. Três categorias foram construídas: “Primeiros passos na busca pelo cuidado"; "Fatores que influenciam o cuidado"; e "Cotidiano do cuidado: rearranjos na rotina familiar após o diagnóstico da doença crônica”. Identificou-se peregrinação das famílias pelos serviços de saúde devido atendimento limitado, não resolutivo e dificuldades de acesso na atenção primária; falta de preparo de profissionais nos diferentes níveis de atenção para lidar com as doenças crônicas infantojuvenis; comunicação prejudicada entre os serviços; desresponsabilização dos órgãos públicos no seguimento e fornecimento de insumos. Destacam-se o acolhimento ao outro que vem a seu encontro, a escuta qualificada e sensível e a ética da responsabilidade como elementos de ancoragem para o cuidado nas condições crônicas infantojuvenis.
Saúde da criança e do adolescente: das pesquisas às políticas públicas
Authors: Aragão Ailton Souza , Carlos Diene Monique
Published: August 2020

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Eclampsia y Retina
Authors: Tribín Piedrahita Alfonso
Published: August 2020

Hace poco se considereba un privilegio del oftalmólogo, el examinar el fondo del ojo. Este concepto ha sido revaluado en buena hora, y hoy son numerosos los profesionales que rutinariamente practican este examen, no con el objeto de invadir los dominios del especialista, sino precisamente, para ordenar un examen completo y una indicación terapéutica por parte de éste, al menor síntoma de alteración ocular en el curso de una enfermedad general.
Hodgkin Pélvico
Authors: López Escobar Guillermo
Published: August 2020

Enfermedad actual: Desde hace unos cuatro meses comenzó a notar dolor y endurecimiento de la fosa ilíaca izquierda, habiendo aumentando los dolores y el tamaño del tumor especialmente en los dos últimos meses. Es una constipada crónica y últimamente ha tenido flujo blanco fétido, poliaquiuria y disuria.
Tratamiento de la placenta previa después del óbito fetal
Authors: Archila A. Enrique
Published: August 2020

Las estadísticas de los últimos años demuestran que la placenta previa es aún una de las entidades obstétricas de mas alto índice de mortalidad en gran parte debida a la tardía consulta que hacen las pacientes de su afección.
Rara concomitancia ginecológica
Authors: Vergara Támara Roberto
Published: August 2020

Hematocele por cuerpo lúteo hemorrágico embarazo ectópico intacto agenesia de ovario izquierdo.
Homenaje al Profesor José del Carmen Acosta: Instituto de Protección Materna e Infantil Concepción Villaveces de Acosta
Authors: De Obstetricia y Ginecología Federación Colombiana
Published: August 2020

La Revista de la Sociedad Colombiana de Obstetricia y Ginecología al transcribir en el presente número los discursos del Profesor Ferro y de los doctores Gustavo Riaño y Hernando Navas, pronunciados el día 19 de diciembre de 1953 en el ahora justamente llamado Instituto de Protección Materna e Infantil Concepción Villaveces de Acosta, quiere rendir, una vez más, un tributo de gratitud y admiración a los altísimos méritos del Profesor José del Carmen Acosta.
Algunas observaciones sobre Tolserol en el parto
Authors: González Efraín
Published: August 2020

Fue sintetizado en Inglaterra en 1946 por Berger y Brandley e inicialmente hicieron sus estudios experimentales en animales para averiguar sus propiedades farmacológicas y comprobaron que con dosis perfectamente inocuas se producía relajación muscular, lo cual indujo para que se envara en los estados caracteri­zados por espasmos, contractura. que denotan una hiperactividad muscular.

Otros investigadores concluyeron que el sitio de acción del Myanesín se verifica en la célula de conexión neuro-muscular ejerciendo una disminución de eliminando el estímulo nervioso que llega a las células de las astas anteriores de la medula espinal desde los centros nerviosos, reduciendo así, el nivel de activi­dad muscular.
Régimen interno de la Sociedad Colombiana de Obstetricia y Ginecología
Authors: De Obstetricia y Ginecología Federación Colombiana
Published: August 2020

Reglamento
Neutrophil extracellular traps: diagnostic and prognostic value in COVID-19
Authors: Kassina D. V. , Vasilenko I. A. , Gur’ev A. S. , Volkov A. Yu. , Metelin V. B.
Published: August 2020

Rationale: An important element of antiviral defense in the pathophysiology of COVID-19 is the innate cell immunity including polymorphonuclear neutrophils prone to netotic transformation. Neutrophils can be not only a marker of acute infection, but, being a source of neutrophil extracellular traps (NET), can play a key role in the development of thrombotic complications leading to acute respiratory insufficiency in COVID-19.

Aim: To determine the diagnostic and prognostic value of NET levels in patients with COVID-19.

Materials and methods: We monitored NET levels in peripheral blood of 34 patients with COVID-19 (mean age, 67 ± 15.8 years), admitted to MONIKI hospital. The control group consisted of 54 healthy volunteers (mean age, 52 ± 11.5 years). Whole blood samples of 2 pL each were used for the preparation of monolayer smears (Giemsa stain) and calculation of at least 200 cell structures including native intact and transformed neutrophils (MECOS-C2 microscope, Medical computer systems).

Results: Patients with COVID-19 had higher NET levels, compared to those in healthy controls: 14.5% (2.9-28.6%) vs. 5.0% (1.8-11.9%, p < 0.0001). The patients who were on non-invasive respiratory support (23.5%) had a NET level of 12% (8.122.3%), whereas those on invasive mechanical ventilation (17.6%) had a 1.5-fold higher NET level of 17.9% (12.3-28.2%) (p < 0.05). In the patients who died (11.8% of the cases), the NET level amounted to 19% (16.5-26%, p < 0.05). Monitoring of blood NET levels was performed in 9 patients from the day of admittance to the day of their transfer to the intensive care unit / discharge / death. It was shown that a decrease of NET levels mirrors an improvement of the patient's clinical condition and efficacy of his/hers treatment. On the opposite, an increase of NET levels can indicate a deterioration and risk of unfavorable course.

Conclusion: We have identified some pathophysiological mechanisms in COVID-19, related to the neutrophil compartment. Patients with coronavirus infection are characterized by high NET levels which is at least 3-fold higher than that in healthy volunteers. This indicates an abnormality in immune host defense and development of an inadequate inflammatory response. An increase of NET in whole blood smears of more than 16% can be a criterion of an unfavorable prognosis of the disease course and the risk of death.
Comparación multitemporal de áreas quemadas en un bosque seco tropical utilizando el índice de área quemada (IAQ)
Authors: Vargas-Sanabria Daniela , Campos-Vargas Carlos
Published: August 2020

Los análisis post incendio, como el índice de área quemada (IAQ), permiten discriminar áreas afectadas y severidad de los incendios forestales. En este estudio se comparó según la frecuencia de incendios, el comportamiento anual del IAQ en la región de bosque seco tropical del Área de Conservación Guanacaste, Costa Rica entre los años 1997 al 2019. Los resultados evidencian que las áreas frecuentemente quemadas por incendios forestales muestran un comportamiento diferenciado en el IAQ a lo largo de todos los años. Mostrando una relación directa entre la frecuencia de incendios forestales y los valores de IAQ. Donde a mayor frecuencia de incendios forestales, los valores de IAQ son mayores. Por otro lado, las áreas que han sido poco afectadas o no han sido afectadas del todo mostraron valores bajos de IAQ. Estos resultados podrían validar la hipótesis de que después de dos a tres incendios, el banco de semillas es completamente destruido. Esto debido a que la composición y estructura de los bosques secos tropicales cambia considerablemente después de múltiples incendios.
Capacidad de carga turística y zonificación del CEANA, con miras al manejo de visitantes y protección del recurso hídrico en Cartago, Costa Rica
Authors: Castro-Barrantes Leonardo
Published: August 2020

La Municipalidad de Cartago implementó a finales del 2019 el Complejo Educativo Ambiental Naciente Arriaz (CEANA) como un innovador proyecto orientado a la educación ambiental y enfocado en la conservación del recurso hídrico y la naturaleza. El CEANA se encuentra ubicado en un ecosistema ambientalmente frágil y donde se capta agua de una naciente para la población aledaña, por lo que surge la necesidad de generar información e instrumentos de manejo orientados a la conservación a largo plazo y enfocados en proteger el recurso hídrico. El objetivo de esta investigación fue determinar la capacidad de carga turística de los tres senderos de visitación y establecer la zonificación ambiental del espacio natural. Se realizó un inventario forestal en el bosque, se levantaron topográficamente los senderos y se tomaron fotografías aéreas de alta resolución del área de estudio con un dron. Se determinó que el límite máximo de visitantes diarios para los senderos Puente de Arco, Naciente Arriaz y Bosque en Regeneración fue de 31, 26 y 56 personas, respectivamente. La zonificación del CEANA consistió en cinco zonas para el manejo: zona de baja intervención, zona de mediana intervención, zona de alta intervención, zona de regeneración natural y zona de amortiguamiento.
POLINOMIAL KROMATIK PADA GRAF KIPAS
Authors: Maulana Nur Ridwan , Wijaya Kristiana , Santoso Kiswara Agung
Published: August 2020

A chromatic polynomial of a graph G is a special function that describes the number of ways we can achieve a proper coloring on the vertices of G given k colors. In this paper, we determine a chromatic polynomial of a fan graph.

Keywords: Proper coloring, chromatic polynomial, fan graph.
PERBAIKAN MODEL SEASONAL ARIMA DENGAN METODE ENSEMBLE KALMAN FILTER PADA HASIL PREDIKSI CURAH HUJAN
Authors: Wibisono Dwi Anugrah , Anggraeni Dian , Hadi Alfian Futuhul
Published: August 2020

Forecasting is a time series analytic that used to find out upcoming improvement in the next event using past events as a reference. One of the forecasting models that can be used to predict a time series is Kalman Filter method. The modification of the estimation method of Kalman Filter is Ensemble Kalman Filter (EnKF). This research aims to find the result of EnKF algorithm implementation on SARIMA model. To start with, preticipation forecast data is changed in the form of SARIMA model to obtain some SARIMA model candidates. Next, this best model of SARIMA applied to Kalman Filter models. After Kalman Filter models created, forecasting could be done by applying pass rainfall data to the models. It can be used to predict rainfall intensity for next year. The quality of this forecasting can be assessed by looking at MAPE’s value and RMSE’s value. This research shows that enkf method relative can fix sarima method’s model, proved by mape and rmse values which are smaller and indicate a more accurate prediction.

Keywords: Ensemble Kalman Filter, Forecast, SARIMA
Smiley: A Journey of Love by J. George
Authors: MacLeod Lorisia
Published: August 2020

George, Joanne. Smiley: A Journey of Love. Fitzhenry & Whiteside, 2017.

Smiley: A Journey of Love is the heartwarming story of a blind dog who becomes a St. John Ambulance Therapy Dog. While the story contains some complex topics that early readers might struggle with such as Alzheimer's or puppy mills, the colourful photography that accompanies the text make it an excellent book to be read with an adult. The photographs of Smiley will help very early readers to invest in Smiley’s story though the text is larger and double spaced so that moderate level readers could use this book to build their reading skills. Given the length and amount of text, this book would be longer than could be covered in one storytime but is broken down by chapters so it could be used for a week of storytimes.

Librarians and educators may find this book useful for starting a discussion around blindness or different ability needs. This book frames Smiley’s blindness and dwarfism simply as things that make Smiley himself and while they might change the way he interacts with the world, this book discusses his abilities in a positive way. There is also a part that discusses Smiley’s friendship with Pearl and Pippi which could be used to teach about being respectful of friends' needs. Overall, this book contains high-level vocabulary and concepts but if read with an adult's support can be the start of some very educational discussions.

Recommended: 3 out of 4 starsReviewer: Lorisia MacLeod

Lorisia MacLeod is the Online Reference Centre Coordinator with The Alberta Library (TAL) and a proud member of the James Smith Cree Nation. When not working on indigenization or diversity in librarianship, Lorisia enjoys reading almost any variation of Sherlock Holmes, comics, or travelling.
In the Sky at Nighttime by L. Deal
Authors: Campbell Sandy
Published: August 2020

Deal, Laura.  In the Sky at Nighttime. Iqaluit, NU: Inhabit Media, 2019.

This illustrated poem shows what a polar village looks like at night and what is in the night sky. In the Arctic, winter nights are long, and it is dark as people go about their daily lives, so many people are familiar with the night sky. Tamara Campeau’s illustrations, each of which fill two facing pages, are in deep blue and purple hues, with the sky prominent in them. The text is overprinted on the artwork. Campeau’s rendering of the village has accurate details. Some of the houses have heating oil tanks outside. Paths to the doors have snow heaped alongside them. Power lines, attached to wooden power poles with insulators and transformers, loop through the village. The yellow light from electric lighting shines out through the windows of the houses. At the beginning of the book Laura Deal describes observable things in the sky: stars, falling snow, northern lights, ravens. Towards the end she becomes more figurative, introducing a mother’s song and dreams swirling in the sky.

The text is a six verse poem, each verse beginning with the phrase “In the sky at night time.” The structure of the poem is reminiscent of Stephen Eaton Hume’s 1992 picture book, Midnight on the Farm, which also uses six verses, each beginning with a repeating phrase, to describe a nighttime world, however the two landscapes are distinct.

Because this is an illustrated poem in the form of a picture book, rather than a picture book with text, some of the words are more difficult than one would expect in books for young children. For example, the dreams are “magical and extraordinary.” As a result, this text, simple as it is, will need some explanation. In the Sky at Nighttime is highly recommended for public libraries and elementary school libraries.

Highly recommended:  4 out of 4 starsReviewer:  Sandy Campbell

Sandy is a Health Sciences Librarian at the University of Alberta, who has written hundreds of book reviews across many disciplines. Sandy thinks that sharing books with children is one of the greatest gifts anyone can give.
Identifikasi Kromosom Ikan Nila (Oreochromis Niloticus) Strain Merah Jatimbulan dan Larasati yang Diambil dari Lokasi Berbeda
Authors: Sulmartiwi Laksmi , Fauziyah Syifa , Widjiati Widjiati
Published: August 2020

Ikan nila merah Jatimbulan dan ikan nila Larasati merupakan hasil rekayasa genetik dari dua lokasi yang berbeda. Ikan yang berasal dari lokasi yang berbeda mempunyai karakter yang berbeda karena adanya pengaruh interaksi antara genetik dan lingkungannya. Lingkungan merupakan salah satu faktor pembatas dari tiap populasi ikan dari segi morfometrik ataupun genetik. Perbedaan suhu, cahaya, nutrisi dan faktor lingkungan lain memiliki dampak perbedaan kromosom pada setiap strain ikan. Dalam upaya mendapatkan informasi mengenai hal tersebut, maka penelitian ini akan membahas bagaimana gambaran kromosom dari dua strain ikan nila merah yang dibudidayakan di lokasi yang berbeda. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran kromosom (jumlah kromosom, bentuk kromosom dan susunan kromosom) ikan nila merah Jatimbulan dan ikan nila Larasati. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan jumlah kromosom ikan nila merah Jatimbulan dan ikan Larasati adalah 44 pasang (2n=44). Bentuk dan susunan kromosom (karyotipe) ikan nila merah Jatimbulan adalah 4 pasang sub metasentrik, 9 pasang sub telosentrik dan 9 pasang telosentrik (4SM-9ST-9T), sedangkan kromosom dari ikan nila Larasati adalah 3 pasang sub metasentrik, 14 pasang sub telosentrik dan 5 pasang telosentrik (3SM- 14ST-5T).
Orientation des productions bovines charolaises en Creuse
Authors: LHERM M. , BEBIN D. , LIENARD G.
Published: August 2020

Les éleveurs de vaches allaitantes ont de nombreuses possibilités de production à partir de la vente en maigre ou de l’engraissement de leurs animaux. Les choix doivent tenir compte de l’évolution des marchés et des systèmes fourragers possibles dans l’exploitation. En région herbagère, comme la zone charolaise centrale, tous les systèmes de production ne sont pas également adaptés, comme le montre l’analyse comparée de trois échantillons d’éleveurs adhérents à un Groupement de Producteurs du Nord Est de la Creuse, et qui vendent leurs veaux mâles soit en broutards, soit après engraissement en taurillons à l’auge ou en jeunes taureaux de 20 ou 24 mois après une période de pâturage. Les meilleurs revenus sont, jusqu’à présent, obtenus avec cette dernière option qui est bien adaptée aux conditions des exploitations, car elle permet une meilleure utilisation des surfaces en herbe et des potentialités de la race charolaise. Elle est néanmoins exigeante en technicité et elle doit être parfaitement menée aux plans techniques et économiques. Mais l’évolution de la conjoncture qui se dessine permettra-t-elle à l’avenir le maintien dans les zones allaitantes de cette production de jeunes bovins concurrencée par celle d’autres régions ?
Estimation de la teneur en lipides des vaches laitières Pie-Noires par la méthode de notation de l’état d’engraissement
Authors: REMOND B. , ROBELIN J. , CHILLIARD Y. , CUYLLE G. , OLLIER A.
Published: August 2020

L’état d’engraissement de 49 vaches laitières adultes Pie Noires, en lactation ou taries, a été noté entre 0 et 5 par un ou deux opérateurs, après observation des animaux (note d’appréciation visuelle), ou observation et manipulation (note synthétique). Après abattage, la composition corporelle des vaches a été mesurée ou estimée. La variation de 1 point de la note d’état d’engraissement s’est accompagnée d’une variation de la proportion de lipides dans le poids vif d’environ 3,9 points %, du poids vif de 35 kg, de la quantité de lipides corporels de 28 kg. Les notes attribuées par les 2 opérateurs ont été étroitement corrélées (r ≥ 0,96). Il en est de même des notes d’appréciation visuelle et des notes synthétiques (r = 0,97).
Variabilité de la valeur énergétique de la graine de soja traitée pour les volailles
Authors: LESSIRE M. , LECLERCQ B. , CONAN L.
Published: August 2020

L’utilisation de la graine entière de soja chez les volailles ne peut pas être envisagée sans destruction des facteurs antitrypsiques. Pour ce faire, de nombreux traitements thermomécaniques sont utilisables ; ils ont également l’avantage d’améliorer la digestibilité des lipides de la graine. Tous les traitements technologiques comparés ici (extrusion, jet sploding, toastage, micro-ondisation et granulation) améliorent la valeur énergétique de la graine (+ 3 à + 19 %) ; un des plus efficaces est l’extrusion. L’utilisation métabolique des graines extrudées semble indépendante de l’âge de l’oiseau. A l’inverse, aux doses d’incorporation supérieures à celles pratiquées dans l’industrie (< 10 %), la valeur nutritionnelle des graines de soja extrudées décroît.
Elevage et alimentation du cerf (Cervus Elaphus). 1. Caractéristiques physiologiques, besoins alimentaires et élevage des adultes
Authors: THÉRIEZ M.
Published: August 2020

L’élevage du cerf pour la production de viande se développe actuellement en France, après l’Ecosse et la Nouvelle-Zélande où les premiers élevages ont été créés il y a une vingtaine d’années. Cette espèce se différencie des ruminants domestiques traditionnels par un certain nombre de points dont en particulier une variation très importante de la capacité d’ingestion avec la saison (elle varie du simple au double entre l’hiver et l’été sous l’effet des variations de la photopériode) et une moindre digestibilité des fourrages grossiers (5 à 7 % de moins que le mouton). Les besoins d’entretien des cerfs sont voisins de ceux des bovins ; s’y ajoutent, chez le mâle, des besoins spécifiques pour la croissance annuelle des bois (énergie et surtout minéraux dont une partie provient d’une déminéralisation du squelette). Les naissances gémellaires sont très rares chez la biche dont la fertilité dépend essentiellement du poids au moment du rut (les biches doivent peser 60 kg ou plus). Le poids des faons à la naissance est voisin de 8-9 kg, il varie avec leur sexe et selon le niveau alimentaire moyen du troupeau. La production laitière des biches varie entre 120 et 200 litres en 100 jours selon la qualité du pâturage. Leur lait est très riche en lipides et en protéines (respectivement 10,3 et 7,6 % au cours du second mois de lactation) soit deux fois plus que le lait de vache.
AS METODOLOGIAS ATIVAS COMO ESTRATÉGIAS PARA DESENVOLVER A INTERDISCIPLINARIDADE NO ENSINO MÉDIO
Authors: Coelho Marcelo Nunes , De Sousa Francisco Antônio
Published: August 2020

O presente artigo tem como objetivo refletir acerca das contribuições e implicações das metodologias ativas no desenvolvimento da interdisciplinaridade no processo de ensino e aprendizagem. Foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica de 18 produções cientificas de quatro periódicos disponibilizados no Portal de Periódicos da CAPES, os quais foram avaliados com Qualis A1, A2, B1 e B2, e também dos anais do Simpósio Nacional de Ensino de Ciência e Tecnologia, tendo como recorte temporal o período de 2013 a 2018. Houve também uma categorização por meio da análise de conteúdo (BARDIN, 2011) na qual os trabalhos foram dissecados para perceber aproximações das metodologias ativas com a interdisciplinaridade. Como resultados, podemos destacar que as metodologias ativas contribuem para criar condições que potencializam o desenvolvimento da interdisciplinaridade, pois proporcionam, aos discentes, situações que permitam a vivência e busca pela construção do conhecimento por meio do processo de diálogo, intelectualmente estruturado, entre os mesmos e entre as áreas do saber. Contudo, apesar de sua inegável importância, práticas interdisciplinares ainda são muito incipientes e não acontecem, efetivamente, como ação pedagógica e essa realidade precisa ser transformada e para isso é necessário a realização de pesquisas cientificas que coloquem a prática da interdisciplinaridade como foco.
Mental Health Assessment Method Based on Emotion Level Derived from Voice
Authors: Shinohara Shuji , Nakamura Mitsuteru , Omiya Yasuhiro , Higuchi Masakazu , Hagiwara Naoki , Mitsuyoshi Shunji , Toda Hiroyuki , Saito Taku , Tanichi Masaaki , Yoshino Aihide , Tokuno Shinichi
Published: August 2020

In many developed countries, mental health disorders have become problematic, and the economic loss due to treatment costs and interference with work is immeasurable. Therefore, we developed a method to assess individuals’ mental health using emotional components contained in their voice. We propose two indices of mental health: vitality, a short-term index, and mental activity, a long-term index capturing the trends in vitality. To evaluate our method, we used the voices of healthy individuals (n = 14) and patients with major depression (n = 30). The patients were also assessed by specialists using the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D). A significant negative correlation existed between the vitality extracted from the voices and HAM-D scores (r = -0.33, p < .05). We could discriminate the voice data of healthy individuals and patients having depression with a high accuracy using the vitality (p = .0085, area under the curve = 0.76). Further, we developed a method to estimate stress through emotion instead of analyzing stress directly from voice data. By daily monitoring of vitality using smartphones, we can encourage hospital visits for people before they become depressed or during the early stages of depression, to prevent adverse consequences of depression.
Off-Resonant Absorption Enhancement in Single Nanowires via Graded Dual-Shell Design
Authors: Liu Wenfu , Guo Xiaolei , Xing Shule , Yao Haizi , Wang Yinling , Bai Liuyang , Wang Qi , Zhang Liang , Wu Dachuan , Zhang Yuxiao , Wang Xiao , Yi Yasha
Published: August 2020

Single nanowires (NWs) are of great importance for various optoelectronic applications, especially solar cells serving as powering nanoscale devices. However, weak off-resonant absorption can limit its light-harvesting capability. Here, we propose a single NW coated with the graded-index dual shells (DSNW). We demonstrate that with the proper thickness and refractive index of the inner shell, the DSNW exhibits significantly enhanced light trapping compared with the bare NW (BNW), and the NW only coated with the outer shell (OSNW) and inner shell (ISNW), which can be attributed to the optimal off-resonant absorption mode profiles due to the improved coupling between the reemitted light of the leak mode resonances of the Si core and the nanofocusing light from the dual shells with the graded refractive index. We found that the light absorption can be adjusted via tuning the thickness and refractive index of the inner shell, the photocurrent density is significantly enhanced by 134% (56%, 12%) in comparison with that of the BNW (OSNW, ISNW). This work advances our understanding of how to improve off-resonant absorption by applying graded dual shells and provides a new choice for designing high-efficiency single NW photovoltaic devices.
Trends in Intensive Care for Patients with COVID-19 in England, Wales and Northern Ireland
Authors: Doidge James C , Mouncey Paul R , Thomas Karen , Gould Doug W , Ferrando-Vivas Paloma , Shankar-Hari Manu , Harrison David A , Rowan Kathryn M
Published: August 2020

Aim: To report changes in admission rates, patient characteristics, processes of care and outcomes for all patients with COVID-19 admitted to intensive care units (ICUs) in England, Wales and Northern Ireland. Methods: Population cohort of all 10,287 patients with COVID-19 appearing in the Case Mix Programme national clinical audit from 1 February to 2 July, 2020. Analyses were stratified by time period (pre-peak, peak, post-peak) and geographical region, and multivariable regressions were used to estimate differences in 28-day mortality, adjusting for variation in patient characteristics over time. Results: Admissions to ICU peaked on 1 April, nine days after commencement of “lockdown”, and occurred simultaneously across regions. The number of patients in ICU peaked ten days later. Compared with patients admitted during the pre- and post-peak periods, patients admitted during the peak were younger and had lower levels of prior dependency but more severe respiratory and renal dysfunction. Use of invasive ventilation and renal replacement reduced over time. Twenty-eight-day mortality reduced from 43.5% (95% CI 41.6% to 45.5%) pre-peak to 34.3% (95% CI 32.3% to 36.2%) post-peak; a difference of −8.8% (95% CI: −5.2%, −12.3%) after adjusting for patient characteristics. London experienced the highest admission rate and had higher mortality during the peak period but a greater reduction in post-peak mortality. Conclusion: Observed trends suggest opposing effects of ICU strain and clinical learning. Further investigation is needed to identify modifiable system factors that could alleviate strain in future epidemics and changes in clinical practice that contributed to improved patient outcomes.