bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MAGAHAU RUNGUS: DARI UPACARA RITUAL KE PESTA KERAMAIAN
Authors: Esterlina Moo Chin Len Lazarus  , Mohd Kipli Abdul Rahman
Published: June 2023

Magahau merupakan perayaan tradisional yang disambut secara meriah dan besar-besaran oleh komuniti Rungus di daerah Kudat, Sabah. Istilah magahau membawa pengertian sebagai berpesta, mengadakan keramaian atau mengadakan kenduri. Kehidupan seharian etnik Rungus dahulu terikat dengan amalan kepercayaan tradisi, adat istiadat dan pantang larang yang telah diwarisi. Dengan demikian, perayaan magahau hanya akan dijalankan setelah semua upacara ritual selesai dilakukan. Etnik Rungus mempercayai bahawa amalan penyertaan upacara ritual dalam perayaan magahau adalah penting bagi tujuan keselamatan dan perlindungan mereka daripada gangguan kuasa ghaib. Bagaimanapun, etnik Rungus tidak lagi meneruskan amalan dan kepercayaan ini bersesuaian dengan perubahan kehidupan semasa etnik Rungus. Menerusi kajian etnografi, kajian ini menganalisis sistem kepercayaan dan amalan tradisi etnik Rungus melalui persembahan magahau. Hasil pemerhatian dan analisis mendapati bahawa transisi kehidupan komuniti Rungus telah mengubah konsep magahau dari upacara ritual ke pesta keramaian. Kajian seumpama ini penting sebagai usaha memelihara warisan ini untuk rujukan generasi akan datang.

 

Magahau is a traditional celebration renowned by the Rungus community in Kudat district, Sabah. The term magahau carries the meaning of partying, holding a crowd or having a feast. The daily life of the Rungus ethnicity was once tied to the practice of traditional beliefs, customs and even taboos that had been inherited. Thus, the magahau will only be carried out after all the ritual ceremonies have been performed. Ethnic Rungus believes that the practice of ritual ceremonial participation in the magahau festival is important for the purpose of their safety and protection from the interference of supernatural forces. However, the Rungus ethnicity no longer continues with this practice and belief is in line with the changing life during the Rungus ethnicity. Through ethnographic studies, this study analyzed the belief system and practices of Rungus ethnic traditions through magahau performances. The results of observations and analysis have found that the transition of life of the Rungus community has changed the concept of magahau, from ritual ceremonies to crowd parties. Such studies are important as a measure to preserve this heritage for future generations of reference.
SATU PENELITIAN STRUKTURALIS TERHADAP SASTERA INDIE TERPILIH
Authors: Bte Khoo Kian Hua Nurain , Chee Cheang Sim
Published: June 2023

ABSTRAK

Kajian ini bertujuan mengkaji struktur sastera indie menerusi novel yang dihasilkan pada tahun 2015 sehingga hari ini. Kajian ini meneliti novel Nazi Goreng (2015) karya Marco Ferrarese, Perempuan Politikus Melayu (2016) karya Faisal Tehrani dan Budiman (2017) karya Regina Ibrahim. Novel-novel ini dipilih sebagai contoh penerbitan â€˜karya indieâ€™ yang merujuk kepada karya-karya yang diterbitkan oleh penerbit swasta, tidak seperti hasil karya sastera Melayu arus perdana yang diterbitkan oleh pendukung sastera Malaysia iaitu Dewan Bahasa Pustaka (DBP). Menurut Rafidah Eksan (2016), sastera indie merupakan karya yang ditulis oleh pengarang baharu dan masih muda dalam penerbitan. Mereka menjadikan ruang ini sebagai alternatif untuk menyiarkan karya mereka yang santai dan tidak terikat dengan mana-mana peraturan dalam undang-undang penerbitan kerana proses penerbitan sastera indie tidak dikawal ketat oleh mana-mana pihak. Penelitian tentang sastera indie dilihat menerusi gaya penulisan yang bersifat memberontak dan agresif, luar dari kebiasaan sastera arus perdana yang terikat dengan etika penulisan dan penerbitan. Menurut Muhammad Rashidi dan Siti Nur Hidayah (2016), sastera indie lebih bersifat sarkastik, protes, menentang, maki hamun dan tidak mempunyai ciri-ciri penulisan yang tertentu. Begitu juga menurut Md Salleh Yaapar yang mengatakan karya â€˜indieâ€™ boleh merosakkan bahasa Melayu dan jati diri bangsa Melayu, (Astro Awani: 2016). Justeru, kajian ini akan berfokus kepada analisis plot, watak dan perwatakan dan gaya penulisan dalam tiga buah novel sastera indie yang akan dikupas secara struktural.
Implementasi Model Group Investigation Dalam Pembelajaran Partikel Penyusun Materi Sebagai Upaya Peningkatan Aktivitas Dan Prestasi Belajar IPA Di SMP Muhammadiyah 1 Semarang
Authors: Hermanto Bambang , Winaryati Eny
Published: June 2023

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kualitas pembelajaran dan keaktfan peserta didik. Obyek penelitian ini adalah peserta didik kelas IX.D SMP Muhammadiyah 1 Semarang tahun pelajaran 2021/2022 dengan jumlah 30 orang. Metode pada penelitian  ini dengan metode  deskriptif  kualitatif.  Desain  Penelitian  Tindakan  Kelas  dengan  empat  langkah,  yaitu  Perencanaan,  Pelaksanaan,  Observasi,  dan  Refleksi.  Indicator keberhasilan  dalam penelitian ini adalah aktivitas peserta didik mencapai 90% peserta didik tuntas dengan KKM=70. Ketercapaian  kompetensi  peserta didik  dari  hasil  belajar  kognitif  mencapai  minimum  85%  peserta didik  tuntas  dari  nilai  KKM  (KKM=70),  hasil  belajar  afektif  dan psikomotorik mencapai 85% peserta didik tuntas dengan nilai KKM=70. Kehadiran peserta didik dalam  penelitian  ini  diharapkan  minimum  90%  peserta didik  hadir.

Hasil observasi dan interview dari penelitian ini menunjukkan respon dan antusiasme peserta didik sangat luar biasa dengan adanya penerapan Group Investigation dalam proses pembelajaran IPA. Hasil yang didapat dari penelitian ini adalah aktivitas peserta didik pada siklus  I sebesar 76, 67% dengan rata-rata 79,80. Rekomendasi siklus I adalah dilaksanakannya siklus II  pada model group investigation. Hasil penelitian pada siklus II meningkat menjadi 96,67% peserta didik tuntas dengan rata-rata 90,25.  Hasil belajar kognitif pada siklus I rata-rata nilai peserta didik 76,50 meningkat pada siklus II dengan rata-rata  86,75.  Persentase  ketuntasan  pada  siklus  I  mencapai  73,33%  dan meningkat  pada  siklus  II  menjadi  93,33%.  Kehadiran peserta didik pada siklus I dan II mencapai 100%. Dari penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa aktivitas dan hasil belajar peserta didik pada materi pertikel penyusun materi dapat meningkat melalui penerapan model Group Investigation.
Natural and H2SO4 modified plane sawdust as a low-cost adsorbent: Removal of anionic and cationic dyes from aqueous solutions
Authors: ÖZDEŞ Duygu , DURAN Celal , OZEKEN Sengul Tugba , KALKIŞIM Özgün , TOP Yener
Published: June 2023

Natural and H2SO4-modified plane (Platanus orientalis L.) sawdust were used for the adsorptive removal of cationic methylene blue (MB) and anionic indigo carmine (IC) dyes from aqueous media to suggest a new and cost-effective method for wastewater treatment applications. The influences of initial pH values, concentrations of MB and IC, period of contact, dosages of the natural and modified plane sawdust, and the presence of foreign ions on the adsorption of dyes were investigated in the experimental studies to describe the best conditions of the most efficient adsorption processes. Initial pH values were optimized to be between 6.0-8.0 for MB and 2.0 for IC. Experimentations of Boehm titration, FTIR analysis, pHpzc value, and moisture content determinations were utilized to characterize the natural and modified sawdust materials. Langmuir, Freundlich, and Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherm models were used to evaluate the sorption mechanism. Maximum adsorption capacities of natural plane sawdust (NPS) and H2SO4-modified plane sawdust (MPS) calculated from the Langmuir isotherm model were 55.56 and 38.46 mg g-1 in MB adsorption, and 55.82 and 55.55 mg g-1 in IC adsorption, respectively. Results showed that the natural and H2SO4-modified plane sawdust serve as low-cost and efficient materials in the adsorptive removal of MB and IC dyes for industrial wastewater treatment applications.
Local Own-source Revenue and Balance Fund on Economic Growth: Remaining Budget Surplus, and Capital Expenditure as an Intervening Variable
Authors: Saprudin  , Amir Andi Mattulada , NS Jurana , Yamin Nina Yusnita , Sading Yunus
Published: June 2023

This study aimed to determine and analyze local own-source revenue and balance funds on economic growth mediated by the remaining budget surplus and capital expenditure. The sample was taken from the reports of Local Own-Source Revenue (LOSR) realization, Balance Fund (BF) realization, Remaining Budget Surplus (RBS) realization, Capital Expenditure (CE) realization, and Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) in 34 regencies/cities of North Sulawesi Province, Central Sulawesi Province, and Gorontalo Province for five years from 2015 to 2019. The statistical analysis tool used was path analysis with Lisrel application to test the effect of Local Own-Source Revenue (LOSR) and Balance Fund (BF) on economic growth mediated by the Remaining Budget Surplus (RBS) and Capital Expenditure (CE) as a mediation variable. This study showed that local own-source revenue, balance fund, remaining budget surplus, and capital expenditure simultaneously or partially had a positive effect on economic growth. However, the balance fund variable had a negative effect on the remaining budget surplus, while capital expenditure and remaining budget surplus were able to mediate the relationship between local own-source revenue and balance funds to economic growth.
Geçmişten Günümüze Kıbrıs’taki Yabancı Dil Eğitim Politikaları Bağlamında İngilizce Eğitimine İlişkin Gelecek Senaryoları
Authors: UYSAL Merve
Published: June 2023

Bu araştırmanın amacı, geçmişte Birleşik Krallık hakimiyeti altında olan Kıbrıs’tan başlayarak

İngiliz dili eğitimine yönelik bugüne kadar izlenen yabancı dil eğitim politikalarını kapsamlı bir

biçimde analiz ederek, ‘Eğitimin Geleceğine Dönüş’ isimli OECD çalışmasında ortaya konulan

dört farklı gelecek senaryosu referans alınarak Kıbrıs’taki İngilizce eğitiminin olası geleceğinin

resmini çizmektir. Bu kapsamda geçmişten günümüze Kıbrıs Adası’ndaki İngilizce öğretimi

üzerine yapılan araştırmalar ve İngiliz arşiv belgeleri ile OECD’nin olası senaryolarını içeren

raporunun nitel analizi bağlamında bir doküman incelemesi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bulgularda öne

çıkan sonuçlar eşliğinde, İngilizcenin KKTC’deki geleceğine yönelik potansiyel senaryolar

eğitime katılım ve eğitimde geçirilen sürelerin artırılması, yaygın eğitim süreçlerinin de insan

yaşamında daha fazla yer bulması, öğretmenlerin rollerinin kritik bir şekilde dönüşüme maruz

kalması, yerel yönetimlerin yetki alanlarının genişlemesi gibi başlıca eylemler etrafında

değerlendirilmektedir. Mevcut eylemlerden yola çıkarak farklı gelecek senaryoları tanımlamak,

eğitim sistemi üzerinde ne gibi etkileri olabileceğini araştırmak ve olası politika çıkarımlarını

belirlemek KKTC'deki İngilizce eğitimin geleceği için fayda sağlayabilmektedir.
Öğretmen Adaylarının FETEMM Farkındalıkları ile Matematik Öğretimine Yönelik Pedagojik Gelişim Düzeyleri Arasındaki İlişki
Authors: ARIK Alişir , ÖZKAYA Ali
Published: June 2023

Sınıf öğretmenliği adaylarının FeTeMM farkındalıkları ve pedagojik gelişim düzeylerinin bazı değişkenlere (cinsiyet, mezun olduğu okul, okuduğu sınıf düzeyi) göre anlamlı farklılaşıp farklılaşmadığını araştıran ve tarama deseninde planlanan çalışma 187 sınıf öğretmen adayı ile yürütülmüştür. Veri toplama araçları olarak Hacıömeroğlu ve Şahin-Taşkın (2012) tarafından Türkçe’ye uyarlaması yapılan Pedagojik Gelişim Ölçeği (PGÖ) ile Buyruk ve Korkmaz (2016) tarafından geliştirilen FeTeMM Farkındalık ölçeği (FFÖ) kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın sonucunda, sınıf öğretmenliği adaylarının pedagojik gelişim düzeylerinin cinsiyete, sınıf düzeyine ve aile aylık gelir düzeyine göre anlamlı bir fark göstermediği belirlenmiştir. Sınıf öğretmenliği adaylarının FeTeMM farkındalıklarının cinsiyete göre farklılaştığı, kadın sınıf öğretmen adaylarının FETEMM farkındalıklarının daha yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir. Sınıf ve aile aylık gelir düzeylerine göre FeTeMM farkındalıklarında ise anlamlı bir fark tespit edilmemiştir. Bir diğer ulaşılan sonuç ise pedagojik gelişim alt boyutları arasında pozitif güçlü ilişki tespit edildiği yönündedir. Aynı zamanda pedagojik gelişim düzeyi yüksek olan öğretmen adaylarının olumlu FeTeMM farkındalığına sahip olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Sosyal Yapılandırmacılık Konulu Tezlerin Betimsel İçerik Analizi
Authors: ERTÜRK Su , KOŞAR Serkan
Published: June 2023

Bu çalışmanın amacı “Sosyal Yapılandırmacılık” konusunda Türkiye’deki lisansüstü tezlerin bütüncül olarak benzer ve farklı yönlerinin ortaya konulmasıdır. Çalışmanın veri kaynağını YÖK Ulusal Tez Merkezi veri tabanındaki 2000-2022 yıllarındaki tezler oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmada betimsel içerik analiz yöntemi kapsamında kategorik çözümleme gerçekleştirilmiştir. Buna göre, sosyal yapılandırmacılık konusunda sınırlı sayıdaki lisansüstü tezlerin sadece devlet üniversitelerinde; İstanbul, Batı Marmara, Ege bölgesinde daha sık, Akdeniz, Batı/Doğu Karadeniz, Kuzeydoğu Anadolu’da hiç olmadığı görülmektedir. Araştırma konusunun incelendiği tezlerin uygulandığı eğitim kademesi çoğunlukla ortaokul iken Türk Eğitim Sistemi 4+4+4 düzenlemesindeki ilkokul-ortaokul ayrımı yerine “ilköğretim” ifadesinin çoğunlukla kullanıldığı; benzer sayıda doktora ve yüksek lisans tezlerinde sık olarak deneysel araştırmanın, rastgele (tesadüfi) örneklem yönteminin ve anketin veri toplama aracı olarak tercih edildiği; veri analizinde t-testi, betimsel istatistik yöntemlerinin yoğunlaştığı, ayrıca ANOVA, ANCOVA, nonparametrik testler (Ki Kare, Mann Whitney U), nitel veri analizi yöntemlerinden içerik analizinin kullanıldığı tespit edilmiştir. Araştırma bulgularına göre lisansüstü çalışmalarda eğitim kademelerinin farklılaştırılması, ilköğretim ifadesi yerine ilkokul/ortaokul şeklinde ayrım yapılması, örneklem türü ve araştırma desenlerinde çeşitleme öncelikli olarak önerilmektedir.
Resim-İş Eğitimi Anabilim Dalı Öğrencilerinin Çalışmalarında SCAMPER Tekniğinin Yaratıcılığa Etkisi
Authors: AKGÜL Büşra , YILMAZ Meliha
Published: June 2023

Araştırmanın amacı, Resim-İş Eğitimi Anabilim Dalı öğrencilerinin Ana Sanat atölye çalışmalarında SCAMPER tekniğinin yaratıcılığa etkisi olup olmadığını, varsa ne düzeyde olduğunu ortaya koymaktır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda belirlenen alt amaçlar; öğrencilerin öntest uygulama çalışmaları ile sontest uygulama çalışmaları arasında, yaratıcı yaklaşım, kompozisyon kurgusu, imge zenginliği ve estetik değer açısından anlamlı bir fark olup olmadığını belirlemektir. Çalışma Nicel araştırma yöntemleri içinde yer alan tek grup öntest-sontest yarı deneysel desen ile tasarlanmıştır. Veri toplama aracı olarak dereceli puanlama anahtarı kullanılmıştır. SPSS programında Wilcoxon işaretli sıralar testi ile analiz edilen veri sonuçlarına göre öntest uygulama çalışmaları ile SCAMPER eğitimi sonrası yapılan sontest uygulama çalışmaları arasında sontest lehine anlamlı bir fark tespit edilmiştir. Alt amaçları oluşturan yaratıcı yaklaşım, imge zenginliği, kompozisyon kurgusu ve estetik değer ölçütlerinde de öntest ve sontest uygulama çalışmaları arasında istatistiksel olarak sontest lehine anlamlı bir fark bulunmuştur.
Ortaokul Öğrencileri İçin Türkçe Derslerinde Tavsiye Edilen Okuma Kitaplarında Yer Alan Aforizmaların İncelenmesi
Authors: GÜVEN Büşra , AYTAŞ Gıyasettin
Published: June 2023

Bu araştırmada “Türkçe Eğitiminde Kimlik ve Kişilik Kazandırmada Çocuk Edebiyatı Ürünlerinin Rolü” başlığıyla hazırlanmakta olan doktora tezi kapsamında; 5, 6, 7 ve 8. sınıflara ders veren Türkçe öğretmenleri ile yapılan görüşme sonucunda öğrencilerine okumaları için tavsiyede bulundukları kitap listesinin ilk üç sırasında yer alan “Küçük Prens”, “Dedemin Bakkalı” ve “Momo” adlı eserler barındırdıkları aforizmalar açısından incelenmiştir. Çalışmada Türkçe Dersi Öğretim Programında özlü sözlerin (vecize, atasözü, deyim, aforizma, duvar yazıları, motto, döviz vb.) ortaokul düzeyinde yer alması gerektiği ifadesinden hareketle adı geçen kitaplardaki aforizmaların belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Söz konusu aforizmaların Türkçe dersinin amaçlarına uygunluğunu, öğrencilerin kişisel gelişimlerine ve kimlik kazanımlarına hangi başlıklar altında etkilerinin olduğunu tespit etmek ise alt amaçları oluşturmaktadır. İçerik analizi yöntemine göre yapılan araştırmada adı geçen kitaplardaki aforizma özelliği taşıyan ifadeler kategorize edilmiş ve kitap bazlı değerlendirilmiştir. Her üç kitapta tespit edilen aforizmaların genellikle “insani değerler / ilişkiler” ile ilgili olduğu; eserler özelinde “doğal unsurlar”, “meslekler” ve “zaman kavramı” ile ilgili düşüncelerin öne çıktığı belirlenmiştir. Küçük Prens ve Dedemin Bakkalı adlı kitaplarda yetişkinler ile ilgili olumsuz içerikli aforizmaların yoğun olduğu dikkat çekmektedir.
Deep Brain Stimulation Surgery Programs in Canada
Authors: Santos Camille , Brett Kendra , MacDougall Danielle , Walter Melissa , Horton Jennifer
Published: June 2023

Deep brain stimulation involves the surgical insertion of electrodes to stimulate targeted areas of the brain. It is recommended to help control movement-related symptoms of Parkinson disease with certain indications and contraindications to consider.

This rapid Environmental Scan describes the landscape of deep brain stimulation surgery across Canada and identifies conditions other than Parkinson disease that can benefit from the therapy. It also provides an overview of cost-effectiveness studies on deep brain stimulation for Parkinson disease.

Emerging indications for deep brain stimulation include refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder, refractory epilepsy, treatment-resistant Tourette syndrome, certain types of pain, refractory major depressive disorder, tardive dyskinesia, and essential tremor.

In Canada, there are deep brain stimulation surgery programs in Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Quebec, and Saskatchewan. The number of qualified neurosurgeons for deep brain stimulation surgery ranges from 1 to 5 (at least) across jurisdictions.

Overall, deep brain stimulation is considered cost-effective for people living with advanced Parkinson disease. The risk of developing Parkinson disease increases with age, with onset typically occurring in late adulthood. The number of people eligible for deep brain stimulation in Canada is expected to increase with the aging population and emerging indications. Information related to existing surgery programs can help support capacity planning for deep brain stimulation surgery in Canada.
ORTOREXIA NERVOSA VERSUS ORTOREXIA SAUDÁVEL: UMA NOVA MANEIRA DE SE COMPORTAR
Authors: Rodrigues Carla Juliane Martins , Mendes Danielle Castelo de Carvalho , Carneiro Maria de Nazareth de Lima , Silva Thainara Daiane Mafra da , Salgueiro Márcia Maria Hernandes de Abreu de Oliveira
Published: June 2023

Introdução: A ortorexia nervosa (ON), tem sido amplamente estudada como um comportamento alimentar patológico, com alta prevalência em estudantes universitários, apesar de não ser considerada um transtorno alimentar. Objetivo: avaliar a ortorexia nervosa por uma revisão de literatura sobre o conceito e prevalência a partir das pesquisas realizadas com o questionário Orto-15. Métodos: Os participantes responderam o formulário de caracterização e o questionário sobre comportamentos ortoréxicos – ORTO-15 e foi realizado um levantamento nas bases de dados Pubmed, Scielo, Lilacs e Medline, com estudos de prevalência e etiologia da ON. Resultados: Dos 205 participantes, 85,6% apresentaram relatos indicativos de comportamentos ortoréxicos, com prevalência do sexo masculino, sem diferença estatística significante entre as áreas do conhecimento. Foi identificado em outros estudos uma ausência de relação entre comportamentos ortoréxicos e outros comportamentos indicativos de transtornos alimentares. Conclusão: pode-se inferir que a ON representa uma preocupação com a saúde, porém não representa condutas patológicas, é um comportamento adaptativo a novas contingências alimentares, porém sem relação com comportamentos de riscos para transtornos alimentares.
Diseño y aplicación de la lista de chequeo, como herramienta para abordar la reducción de riesgos en la gestión por competencias
Authors: Nápoles Villa Ana Victoria , Marrero Fornaris Clara
Published: June 2023

La gestión de los recursos humanos por competencia, desde el enfoque de riesgos se proyecta a conquistar la mejora en el desempeño organizacional; a partir de la cualidad integradora que poseen las competencias en su relación con la calidad de los procesos de selección, evaluación del desempeño y formación por competencias. El tratamiento de estos riesgos permite el alcance de mejoras en la expresión de los requisitos cognitivos, afectivos, físicos y sociales, que son necesarios en el  desempeño de las funciones de los recursos humanos. Para operacionalizar la gestión de los recursos humanos competentes, se requiere del diseño e implementación de instrumentos que se conviertan en recursos técnicos, que faciliten la identificación, evaluación, tratamiento, monitoreo, control y comunicación de los riesgos, con la finalidad de reducir, prever y controlar las consecuencias que provocan su ocurrencia, así como explotar los beneficios que emergen de la aplicación de diferentes alternativas. Los principales resultados se obtuvieron a partir de aplicar técnicas de estudios para la búsqueda de consenso entre los expertos, que emitieron sus criterios sobre los principales ítems que expresan los riesgos que pueden estar presentes los procesos de selección, evaluación del desempeño y formación, además de las diferentes estrategias para el despliegue y el estudio de los riesgos. Como contribución fundamental se obtiene el diseño una lista de chequeo que describe los principales fallos que ponen en riesgos a los procesos de selección, evaluación del desempeño y formación por competencias y su implementación para alcanzar la reducción de los mismos.
Transporte municipal de pasajeros de Bucaramanga y Girón, una aproximación al sector económico.
Authors: Mendoza Castro Luz Helena , Carreño Bernal Jorge Armando , Hernández Álvarez Edwin Andrés
Published: June 2023

Las empresas de transporte terrestre de pasajeros en Colombia, operan bajo la habilitación que les concede el Ministerio de Transporte para prestar sus servicios con rutas determinadas, sin duda, este servicio contribuye a la economía y mejora las condiciones de vida de los ciudadanos. Esta investigación muestra la caracterización del sector basada en 4 variables estudiadas: aspectos generales, recurso humano, aspecto contable-financiero, y servicios ofertados. Los resultados indican que, el 76% de las empresas son sociedades y el 24% funcionan como persona natural; un 8% de las empresas llevan más de 30 años en el mercado; el 40% tiene entre 11 y 50 empleados; el 52% maneja contratos a término fijo. En cuanto a los aspectos contables, el 60% realiza presupuestos de gastos, el 8% realiza el de efectivo y el 32% el de ventas; el 56% realiza el estado de flujo de efectivo, seguido del estado de resultados y el estado de situación financiera. De otro lado, un 80% las empresas consideran que el precio de su tiquete es igual al de la competencia; además de los servicios de transporte de pasajeros, el 58% de las empresas prestan el servicio de carga. Se concluye que el sector está afectado en gran parte por el transporte informal seguido de la delincuencia, a partir de esto, los empresarios trabajan arduamente en impulsar sus empresas por medio del uso de herramientas TIC como las redes sociales y las páginas web en donde ofertan sus servicios de manera ágil y oportuna.
A new process-based and scale-aware desert dust emission scheme for global climate models – Part I: Description and evaluation against inverse modeling emissions
Authors: Leung Danny M. , Kok Jasper F. , Li Longlei , Okin Gregory S. , Prigent Catherine , Klose Martina , Pérez García-Pando Carlos , Menut Laurent , Mahowald Natalie M. , Lawrence David M. , Chamecki Marcelo
Published: June 2023

Abstract. Desert dust accounts for most of the atmosphere's aerosol burden by mass and
produces numerous important impacts on the Earth system. However, current
global climate models (GCMs) and land-surface models (LSMs) struggle to
accurately represent key dust emission processes, in part because of
inadequate representations of soil particle sizes that affect the dust
emission threshold, surface roughness elements that absorb wind momentum,
and boundary-layer characteristics that control wind fluctuations.
Furthermore, because dust emission is driven by small-scale (∼ 1 km or smaller) processes, simulating the global cycle of desert dust in
GCMs with coarse horizontal resolutions (∼ 100 km) presents a
fundamental challenge. This representation problem is exacerbated by dust
emission fluxes scaling nonlinearly with wind speed above a threshold wind
speed that is sensitive to land-surface characteristics. Here, we address
these fundamental problems underlying the simulation of dust emissions in
GCMs and LSMs by developing improved descriptions of (1) the effect of soil
texture on the dust emission threshold, (2) the effects of nonerodible
roughness elements (both rocks and green vegetation) on the surface wind
stress, and (3) the effects of boundary-layer turbulence on driving
intermittent dust emissions. We then use the resulting revised dust emission
parameterization to simulate global dust emissions in a standalone model
forced by reanalysis meteorology and land-surface fields. We further propose
(4) a simple methodology to rescale lower-resolution dust emission
simulations to match the spatial variability of higher-resolution emission
simulations in GCMs. The resulting dust emission simulation shows
substantially improved agreement against regional dust emissions
observationally constrained by inverse modeling. We thus find that our
revised dust emission parameterization can substantially improve dust
emission simulations in GCMs and LSMs.
An inverse model to correct for the effects of post-depositional processing on ice-core nitrate and its isotopes: model framework and applications at Summit, Greenland and Dome C, Antarctica
Authors: Jiang Zhuang , Alexander Becky , Savarino Joel , Geng Lei
Published: June 2023

Abstract. Comprehensive evaluation of the effects of post-depositional processing is a prerequisite for appropriately interpreting ice-core records of nitrate concentration and isotopes. In this study, we developed an inverse model that uses archived snow/ice-core nitrate signals to reconstruct primary nitrate flux and its isotopes (δ15N and Δ17O). The model was then applied to two polar sites, Summit, Greenland and Dome C, Antarctica using measured snowpack nitrate concentration and isotope profiles in the top few meters. At Summit, the model successfully reproduced the observed atmospheric 15δN(NO3–) and Δ17O(NO3–) and their seasonality. The model was also able to reasonably reproduce the observed snowpack nitrate profiles at Dome C as well as the skin layer and atmospheric δ15N(NO3–) and Δ17O(NO3–) at the annual scale. The calculated Fpri at Summit was 6.9 × 10-6 kgN m2 a-1 and the calculated Δ17O(NO3–) of Fpri is consistent with atmospheric observations in the northern hemisphere. However, the calculated 15δN(NO3–) of Fpri displays an opposite seasonal pattern to atmospheric observations in the northern mid-latitudes, but is consistent with observations in two Arctic coastal sites. The calculated Fpri at Dome C varies from 1.5 to 2.2 × 10-6 kgN m-2 a-1, with δ15N(NO3–) of Fpri varying from 6.2 to 29.3 ‰ and Δ17O(NO3–) of Fpri varying from 48.8 to 52.6 ‰. The calculated Fpri at Dome C is close to previous estimated stratospheric denitrification flux in Antarctica, and the high δ15N(NO3–) and Δ17O(NO3–) of Fpri at Dome C also point towards the dominate role of stratospheric origin of primary nitrate to Dome C.
Spatial and Diurnal Variations of Aerosol Organosulfates in Summertime Shanghai, China: Potential Influence of Photochemical Process and Anthropogenic Sulfate Pollution
Authors: Yang Ting , Xu Yu , Ye Qing , Ma Yi-Jia , Wang Yu-Chen , Yu Jian-Zhen , Duan Yu-Sen , Li Chen-Xi , Xiao Hong-Wei , Li Zi-Yue , Zhao Yue , Xiao Hua-Yun
Published: June 2023

Abstract. Organosulfates (OSs) are ubiquitous aerosol components with intense research over years. However, spatial and diurnal variations in OS formation in polluted atmosphere remain poorly understood. In this study, 130 OS species were quantified in ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) collected in urban and suburban Shanghai (East China) in summer 2021. Isoprene- and monoterpene-derived OSs were dominant OS groups (averaging 51 % and 19 % of total quantified OSs, respectively), likely indicating a large biogenic contribution to OS formation in summer. Most OSs peaked during daytime, while monoterpene-derived nitrooxy-OSs (NOSm) increased during nighttime. Accordingly, OSs were largely produced via daytime formation processes, rather than nighttime chemistry, excepting NOSm. Additionally, although OS formation in the urban and suburban areas exhibited similar diurnal variations, the average concentrations of biogenic and anthropogenic OSs decreased significantly from the urban site to the suburban site. Furthermore, we concretized daytime OS formation based on the interactions among OSs, ultraviolet (UV), ozone (O3), and sulfate (SO42-). Indeed, the concentrations of most OSs were significantly correlated with the values of UV[O3][SO42-] during daytime in both urban and suburban Shanghai. In particular, the correlation between major OSs and UV[O3][SO42-] was stronger than the correlation of major OSs with O3 and SO42-; moreover, there was no significant correlation between major OSs and UV. Thus, higher urban OS events were attributed to the enhanced photochemical processes and sulfate level in the urban area. Overall, this study provides field evidence for the influence of photochemical process and anthropogenic sulfate on OS formation and has important implications for the mitigation of organic particulate pollution.
Observations of climatologically invariant scale-invariance describing cloud horizontal sizes
Authors: DeWitt Thomas D. , Garrett Timothy J. , Rees Karlie N. , Bois Corey , Krueger Steven K.
Published: June 2023

Abstract. The numbers of clouds of a given size is a defining feature of the earth's atmosphere. As well as cloud area, cloud perimeter p is interesting because it represents the length of the shared interface between clouds and clear-skies across which air and buoyant energy are dissipated. A recent study introduced a first-principles expression for the steady-state distribution of cloud perimeters, measured within a quasi-horizontal moist isentropic layer, that is a scale invariant power-law n (p) ∝ p–(1+β), where n (p) is the number density of cloud perimeters within [p, p + dp] and β = 1. This value of β was found to be in close agreement with output from a high-resolution, large eddy simulation of tropical convection. To further test this formulation, the current study evaluates n (p) within near-global imagery from nine full-disk and polar-orbiting satellites. A power-law is found to apply to measurements of n (p), and the value of β is observed to be remarkably robust to latitude, season, and land/ocean contrasts suggesting that, at least statistically speaking, cloud perimeter distributions are determined more by atmospheric stability than Coriolis forces, surface temperature, or contrasts in aerosol loading between continental and marine environments. However, the measured value of β is found to be 1.29 ± 0.05 rather than β = 1, indicating a relative scarcity of large clouds in satellite observations compared to theory and high-resolution cloud modeling. The reason for this discrepancy is unclear but may owe to the difference in perspective between evaluating n (p) along quasi-horizontal moist isentropes rather than looking down from space. As a test of this hypothesis, numerical simulation output shows that, while β ∼ 1 within isentropes, higher values of β are reproduced for a simulated satellite view. However, the simulated value is a function of the cloud detection sensitivity, but little such sensitivity is seen in satellite observations, suggesting a possible misrepresentation of the physics controlling cloud sizes in simulations. A power-law also applies to satellite observations of cloud areas covering a range between ∼ 3 km2 and ∼ 3 × 105 km2, a much wider range of scales than has been previously described in studies that we argue inappropriately treated the statistics of clouds truncated by the edge of a measurement domain.
Hydrological regime of Sahelian small waterbodies from combined Sentinel-2 MSI and Sentinel-3 Synthetic Aperture Radar Altimeter data
Authors: de Fleury Mathilde , Kergoat Laurent , Grippa Manuela
Published: June 2023

Abstract. In the Sahelian semi-arid region, water resources, especially small waterbodies such as ponds, small lakes, and reservoirs in rural areas are of vital importance. However, because of their high number and the scarce in situ monitoring networks, these resources and their spatiotemporal variability are not well known at the regional scale. This study investigates the hydrological regime of 37 small waterbodies, located in Mali, Niger, and Burkina Faso in central Sahel. We propose a method based on remote sensing data only, which consists of combining water height data from Sentinel-3 Synthetic Aperture Radar Altimeter (SRAL) with water area data obtained with the Sentinel-2 MultiSpectral Instrument (MSI) to create a dense water height time series. Water height variations are then compared to the evaporation estimated by the Penman–Monteith method, using ERA5 reanalysis by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) to infer water regimes during the dry season. Three main regimes stand out, namely a net water loss, mainly resulting from anthropogenic withdrawals, a net water supply occurring after the end of the rainy season through river network or water table exchange, and a balanced behaviour, where water losses during the dry season closely correspond to evaporation rates. Spatial patterns have been identified; in central Burkina Faso, most of the reservoirs show a net dry season water loss, which is explained by frequent irrigation, while reservoirs in northern Burkina Faso, generally show little water loss, indicating that water withdrawal is not significant in this area. Lakes located in the Inner Niger Delta in Mali and connected to the Niger River network generally show an important water supply, particularly at the beginning of the dry season. Lakes in Niger tend to show a weak signal toward water inflow that could be explained by exchange processes with the groundwater. These results show that satellite data are effective at estimating hydrological regimes and the anthropogenic impact on water resources at the large scale, including resources found in small waterbodies.
Toward a multivariate formulation of the parametric Kalman filter assimilation: application to a simplified chemical transport model
Authors: Perrot Antoine , Pannekoucke Olivier , Guidard Vincent
Published: June 2023

Abstract. This contribution explores a new approach to forecasting multivariate covariances for atmospheric chemistry through the use of the parametric Kalman filter (PKF). In the PKF formalism, the error covariance matrix is modellized by a covariance model relying on parameters, for which the dynamics are then computed. The PKF has been previously formulated in univariate cases, and a multivariate extension for chemical transport models is explored here. This contribution focuses on the situation where the uncertainty is due to the chemistry but not due to the uncertainty of the weather. To do so, a simplified two-species chemical transport model over a 1D domain is introduced, based on the non-linear Lotka–Volterra equations, which allows us to propose a multivariate pseudo covariance model. Then, the multivariate PKF dynamics are formulated and their results are compared with a large ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) in several numerical experiments. In these experiments, the PKF accurately reproduces the EnKF. Eventually, the PKF is formulated for a more complex chemical model composed of six chemical species (generic reaction set). Again, the PKF succeeds at reproducing the multivariate covariances diagnosed on the large ensemble.
Monitoring, Reporting, and Verification for Ocean Alkalinity Enhancement
Authors: Ho David T. , Bopp Laurent , Palter Jaime B. , Long Matthew C. , Boyd Philip , Neukermans Griet , Bach Lennart
Published: June 2023

Abstract. Monitoring, Reporting, and Verification (MRV) refers to the multistep process of monitoring the amount of greenhouse gas removed by a Carbon Dioxide Removal (CDR) activity and reporting the results of the monitoring to a third party. The third party then verifies the reporting so the results. While MRV is usually conducted in pursuit of certification in a voluntary or regulated CDR market, this chapter focuses on key recommendations for MRV relevant to ocean alkalinity enhancement (OAE) research. Early-stage MRV for OAE research may become the foundation on which markets are built. Therefore, we argue that such research carries a special obligation toward comprehensiveness, reproducibility, and transparency. Observational approaches during field trials should aim to quantify the delivery of alkalinity to seawater and monitor for secondary precipitation, biotic calcification, and other ecosystem changes that can feed back on sources or sinks of greenhouse gases where alkalinity is measurably elevated. Observations of resultant shifts in ocean pCO2 and pH can help determine the efficacy of OAE and are amenable to autonomous monitoring. However, because the ocean is turbulent and energetic and CO2 equilibration between the ocean and atmosphere can take several months or longer, added alkalinity will be diluted to perturbation levels undetectable above background variability on timescales relevant for MRV. Therefore, comprehensive quantification of carbon removal via OAE will be impossible through observational methods alone and numerical simulations will be required. The development of fit-for-purpose models, carefully validated against observational data, will be a critical part of MRV research.
Finding the Familiar in Rural America: How a Rural Lifestyle Helps Older Karen Adapt to Life in the United States
Authors: Gilhooly Daniel , Gilhooly Mayuri
Published: June 2023

The United States resettled over 70,000 ethnic Karen refugees between 2006 and 2019 due to a protracted civil war in Burma. The vast majority of these refugees have been resettled in urban areas despite the fact that most of them are from rural villages. The refugee-resettlement experience can be daunting, but the challenges are often more acute for elders (Johnson 2017). The aim of this study was to examine how a rural lifestyle may help older Karen as they adjust to their new lives in the US. Our findings suggest that rural living may soften the effects of certain acculturation stressors due to the familiarity of rural living and other factors. In particular, a rural lifestyle may mitigate acculturation stress specifically for elders in three ways: (1) promoting a healthy lifestyle; (2) sustaining or building relationships between elders and grandchildren and other youth; and (3) promoting skills and knowledge that can lead to feelings of self-worth and dignity for older people with a refugee background. In this article, we discuss how the experiences of one community of resettled Karen refugees seem to offer a counter-narrative to the “vulnerability trope” (King et al. 2017) that often dominates portrayals of older resettled refugees.
Participação da mulher na política de São Sebastião do Umbuzeiro-Paraíba.
Authors:   , Silva Bacelar Alan
Published: June 2023

A desigualdade de gênero é uma temática que vem sendo discutida nas academias por muito tempo. Segundo Joan Scott (1975) a desigualdade de gênero não é algo inato ao sujeito, mas sim uma construção social e histórica. O patriarcalismo é uma estratégia de dominação masculina que se ancora no discurso que o homem deve ser o provedor da família e que as mulheres têm como principal função prover o lar. Pierre Bourdieu em sua obra “DOMINAÇÃO MASCULINA” (2003) salienta que a desigualdade de gênero encontra-se fincadas nas instituições sociais, visto que cada instituição para o sociólogo francês é escolhida pelo sujeito a partir do seu gênero, tornando as instituições sociais segregadas pelas classificações do masculino e feminino. Como a política é uma instituição social a desigualdade de gênero também se faz presente. Bourdieu (2003) discorre que a política é um ambiente masculino, porém, as mulheres estão ganhando cada vez mais espaço podendo participar de uma maneira enfática nas decisões que regem sua determinada nação. Neste contexto, a problemática da pesquisa é: Compreender como ocorre a participação feminina na política de São Sebastião do Umbuzeiro. Para alcançar o objetivo sugerido no trabalho e dá conta da problemática construída utilizo como método de pesquisa a metodologia quali-quantitativa. As técnicas de coletas de dados utilizadas nessa pesquisa foram as entrevista, questionário e banco de dados. Contudo, pode se constatar que diante de um longo período de exclusão na participação feminina no cenário político, é evidente que aconteceu uma singela evolução no quadro político, mas ainda não é motivo para se comemorar, pois o número de mulheres no cenário brasileiro, mas especificamente na conjuntura umbuzeirense ainda é bem menor que o do gênero masculino.
CURE MAPPING IN RUBBER VULCANIZATION: PEROXIDE CURES OF EPDM
Authors: Bennett Martyn , Hough Michael , Willoughby Bryan
Published: June 2023

“Cure mapping” takes the complementary viscous and elastic outputs of cure rheometry and plots them against each other, so that the resultant plot is no longer in the time domain. Such outputs are routinely available for rubber vulcanization, and in this paper we explore the cure maps for a series of peroxide cures on EPDM. The cure map from moving die rheometer outputs is a plot of viscous torque against elastic torque, and the variables explored herein include the levels of peroxide and coagent. The plot follows the conversion of viscous to elastic character, and its slope can be considered to reflect the balance of reactions that promote or impede this conversion. By this approach, the effect of the above-mentioned cure variables on the competitive reactions of cure is explored. The dominant reactions can be revealed, to provide a fresh perspective on the changes occurring during an industrial rubber vulcanization. But the value of cure mapping extends beyond mechanistic insights: this study has shown the vulcanization cure maps to be particularly sensitive to batch effects. A coherent picture emerges to reveal how routine cure data can be productively exploited to characterize process history and cure.
Examining the influence of top management green commitment and green intellectual capital on sustainable business performance of Thailand’s thrift and credit cooperatives: The mediating role of collaboration
Authors: Chawewong Keetapat , Naipinit Aree
Published: June 2023

This article aims to examine the influence of top management green commitment and green intellectual capital of Thailand’s thrift and credit cooperatives on sustainable business performance: the mediating role of collaboration. A questionnaire was used to collect data from 400 Thailand’s thrift and credit cooperatives. The measurement and structural models were analyzed with Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The finding of the study demonstrated that top management green commitment and green intellectual capital have a positive influence on sustainable business performance and collaboration. Moreover, collaboration has a positive influence on sustainable business performance and mediates the relationship between top management green commitment on sustainable business performance, and also green intellectual capital on sustainable business performance. This empirical finding contributes to the body of knowledge in Resource Based View theory.
Lawsonia inermis L. Phytopharmacological Characteristics and Recent Advancement
Authors: Muheyuddeen Gulam , Rao Divy Shishant , Kumar Gautam Sachin , Kumar Gupta Sujeet
Published: June 2023

Henna dye is one of the world's oldest natural dyes, going back to ancient Egypt. Henna is a sacred plant that is traditionally used in spiritual ceremonies and is said to represent wealth. The Lythraceae family's Lawsone stain is made from dried leaves of L. inermis. Hair, skin, and nails have been dyed using this plant's leaf pulp since antiquity. In addition to its medical benefits, the plant has a long folkloric history of being used to treat convulsions, jaundice, and malignant sores. Lawsone (1, 4- Napthalenedione, 2-hydroxy) has pharmacological properties such as diuretic, antibacterial, parasite, anti-inflammatory, microbial, antifungal, antioxidant, anticancer, and analgesic. Many countries grow henna.
Phytochemistry and pharmacology of Argemone mexicana Linn – An Indian medicinal plant
Authors: Malik Chandani , Priya Mohanty Jyochhana , Pradhan Sushilta , Sharma Chandrika
Published: June 2023

Argemone mexicana (Mexicana poppy) it is commonly known as “Satyanasi or bhatkatiya” belonging to the family papaveraceae of 44 genera and about 760 species of flowering plant which is used in several traditional medicines to cure various ailments all over the world. The plants consist of alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, long-chain aliphatic alcohol, amino acids, carboxylic acid, steroids, carbohydrates and phenolics. Pharmacological studies performed on the plant revealed that the plant tends to posses antioxidant, wound healing activity, antifungal, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, hepatoprotective, larvicidal and chemosterilant activity. The present article gives detailed information on its phytochemical and pharmacological properties and its ethno medicinal uses about the plant which would be helpful for the researchers for the future investigation.
Lawsonia inermis Linnaeus: Pharmacological Peculiarity and Modern Progression
Authors: Muheyuddeen Gulam , Rav Divya Shishant , Verma Stuti , Kumar Gautam Sachin , Kumar Gupta Sujeet
Published: June 2023

Lawsonia inermis (Family: Lythraceae) contained carbohydrates, phenolic, flavonoids, saponins, proteins, alkaloids, terpenoids, quinones, coumarins, xanthones, fat, resin and tannins. It also contained 2-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone (lawsone). Many alkaloids, naphthoquinone derivatives, phenolics and flavonoids were isolated from different parts of Lawsonia inermis. The pharmacological studies showed that Lawsonia inermis showed antibacterial, antifungal, antiparasitic, molluscicidal, antioxidant, hepatoprotective, central nervous, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, wound and burn healing, immunomodulatory, antiurolithiatic, antidiabetic, hypolipidemic, antiulcer, antidiarrhoeal, diuretic, anticancer and many other pharmacological effects. The current review will highlight the chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of Lawsonia inermis.