bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Approaches to developing a household waste removal system
Authors: Khanutin V. G. , Sinitsyn A. V.
Published: May 2024

Purpose. To study approaches and global trends in the removal, sorting and processing of household waste, as well as to describe a prototype waste removal system.

Methods for sorting, processing and disposal of waste are proposed.

Results. The need to solve the problem of waste disposal in modern conditions is substantiated, the results of an analysis of approaches to collecting, sorting and processing waste in different countries are obtained, a literature review is provided, and a prototype of a waste removal system is described.

Conclusions. The author concludes that in order to ensure a reduction in the level of environmental pollution and, as a consequence, a reduction in the number of landfills, it is necessary to combine, optimize and adapt global approaches and trends in the collection, sorting, processing and disposal of waste.
Assessment of environmental safety and technological characteristics of chicory based on the results of microbiological and dermatographia studies
Authors: Popova Inna , Vasyliv Volodymyr , Palamarchuk Igor , Mushtruk Natalia
Published: May 2024

The presence of a large amount of heavy metals in plants and soils used for growing agricultural crops constantly affects the environmental safety of the respective environment. An increase in the concentration of trace elements and compounds of heavy metals in plant tissues leads to disturbances in the metabolism of plant and animal organisms. Thus, long-term exposure to high concentrations of heavy metals and their compounds in soil and plants can cause pathological changes or disruption of biological processes. The analysis of the interaction of micro- and macronutrients with the carbohydrate components of chicory plant raw materials aims at the possible leveling of the negative impact of the formed complexes on the general ecological state of the environment. The non-destructive method of X-ray fluorescence analysis of biologically active compounds was used to conduct the research, which is the most accurate and effective from the point of view of the time of conducting the experiment. Derivatographic methods of research, or combined methods of thermal analysis, allow simultaneously to obtain data on the change in the mass of a substance and the speed of this change in an automatic mode, as well as to obtain the physical and chemical characteristics of such processes. The choice of traditional methods of analysis, in particular thin-layer chromatography, spectrophotometry, measurement of the polarization angle, electrophoresis, is determined by the relative simplicity and accuracy of the obtained data. The results of research conducted on the content of microelements and their interaction with carbohydrates of vegetable inulin-containing raw materials showed that the content of 20 macro- and microelements in chicory roots was determined by X-ray fluorescence analysis. The study confirmed the regularity of changes in the content of trace elements depending on heat treatment, in particular in harsh conditions. Based on the results of the research, it was established that the heat treatment of chicory roots, in particular their frying, significantly improves the mineral composition of this plant material. The developed method of non-destructive analysis of the content of mineral components in vegetable raw materials, which uses carbohydrates as a matrix for measurements, allows obtaining reliable results. It has been proven that the type of carbohydrate has almost no effect on the results of the analysis. Based on the obtained data, a series of standard samples was developed to determine the content of elements such as Cd, Zn, Pb and Hg, and the corresponding calibration curves were constructed. The derivatography study confirmed the formation of calcium and magnesium complexes with inulin, as well as the stabilization of saccharides when complexed with the mentioned elements and determines the further strategy for reducing the negative impact of these compounds on living organisms.
Application of sous vide technology in the production of meat snacks
Authors: Antoniv Artem
Published: May 2024

All major innovations in food production are formed based on consumer needs and market demands, which are constantly evolving. The increasing awareness of the population about health and well-being, as well as the demand for fresh, ready-to-eat products with extended shelf life, have led to the necessity of preserving natural nutrients and flavor qualities. One of the solutions to this task is the application of sous vide technology in the production of meat products, due to the preservation of key quality indicators, high organoleptic properties, and the ability to extend shelf life. The aim of the conducted research was to determine the possibility of applying sous vide technology in the production of meat snacks using bee products. Organoleptic and physicochemical research methods were applied, including the determination of moisture, fat, protein, salt content, appearance, color, texture, taste, and aroma. General losses from thermal processing and losses after boiling and drying were also determined. Snack production was carried out by two methods, with the main differences being the marinating of already cooked meat in one method and boiling in marinade in the other. The obtained results indicate the possibility and expediency of using sous vide technology in the production of meat snacks using bee products. As the finished product is characterized by a pleasant taste and aroma, crispy texture, good appearance, low fat content, and high protein content. The salt content does not exceed recommended norms. The final losses of raw materials from the production of meat snacks by different methods did not significantly differ. As a result of organoleptic evaluation, method 2 was preferred. Accordingly, for further research, the decision was made to use samples produced specifically by method 2. Based on the research results, a technological scheme for the production of meat snacks using bee products with the application of sous vide technology was developed. The research results will be useful for food industry manufacturers and entrepreneurs involved in the production of meat products, especially specialized nutrition. They can also be used in production optimization, technology improvement, application of modern raw material processing methods, and meeting consumer needs.
Синтаксичні засоби стилізації розмовності в мовотворчості Михайла Стельмаха
Authors: Завальнюк Інна
Published: May 2024

In the modern Ukrainian language the transition of relative adjectives to qualitative ones is one of productive ways of semantic enrichment and expansion of adjective’s functional capabilities. In a fiction text relatively qualitative adjectives are used as metaphorical epithets. So the aim of the research is to review how relatively qualitative adjectives participate in creating epithets in the Ukrainian classical literature, find out the peculiarities of their functioning in Mykhailo Stelmakh’s prose texts.The source base of the research is formed with 5 Mykhailo Stelmakh’s prose texts: "Four Ways", "Thought of You", "Blood is Thicker than Water," "Geese-Swans Flying ...", "Christmas Eve" from which 217 syntactic constructions with relatively qualitative adjectives have been chosen by sampling method. The transition of relative adjectives in the category of qualitative takes place on the grounds of their figurative use, the relative adjective metaphor, which has the potential expression of some assessment in developing quality value when combined with another noun lexical series. A relative adjective has the ability to enter into new lexical relations, but transformation of relative adjectives into qualitative ones also depends on the capacity of a word-building noun. The more qualitative semems form lexical meaning of a word-building noun, the more qualitative lexical meanings can be developed by derivative relative adjective. 8 models creation of relatively-qualitative adjectives according to their acquiredmetaphorical lexical meanings have been defined: relatively qualitative adjectives with the meaning of color, brightness, sound, smell, soft, static, weight and evaluative characteristic. The most frequent lexical model from this range is the color characteristic. This qualitative features is observed in relative adjectives, derived from names of metals, stones, plants, substances, materialsand physical phenomena. According to the degree of transition in the system of semantic adjectives groups, allrelatively qualitative adjectives have been classified into 2 categories: self relatively qualitative adjectives and contextual relatively qualitative adjectives, which differ in semantic and grammatical features. A peculiar way of expressing M. Stelmakh’s individual style is using relatively qualitative adjectives with occasional connotative lexical meaning such as metaphorical epithet.
The congruence of the content of higher education in modern conditions
Authors:   State University of Information and Communication Technologies, Kyiv, Vyshnivskyi V. V.
Published: May 2024

The state of the congruence of the content of higher education requirements of the labor market in Ukraine in the context of employment of youth with higher education. It is shown that the main problem of the transition of young people from education to work in a stable Ukraine is no harmonization of the education system and the labor market. The mass entry of young people into the labor market with inflated expectations makes it difficult to get a job especially in the first years after graduating from a higher or vocational institution. Established that the main issue is the availability of jobs, wages, difficulty of adapting the workplace and other aspects become secondary importance.
API development for an online store
Authors:   State University of Information and Communication Technologies, Kyiv, Shykula O. M.
Published: May 2024

The article examines contemporary approaches to developing online stores, with a primary focus on crafting APIs to ensure the effective operation of the store in the online realm. A survey of prevalent solutions and literature in the field has enabled the identification of key challenges and unresolved issues. Through the analysis, it was discerned that many small online stores encounter speed and scaling issues attributed to non-optimized API development. The article underscores the significance of leveraging modern technologies, such as Node.js, JavaScript, and PostgreSQL, to streamline development and enhance productivity. The article outlines the work's objective—creating an efficient API for an online store—and defines the research task. It elucidates the importance of utilizing Node.js, JavaScript, and other tools to secure endpoints with Guards, thereby improving system security and reliability. In the Development Environment and Tooling section, a range of tools, including JavaScript, Node.js, Nest.js, PostgreSQL, Git, and WebStorm, are detailed for implementing the online store's API. Emphasis is placed on how these tools contribute to ensuring system reliability and speed. The adoption of the Nest.js framework is highlighted as pivotal in crafting a secure and efficient API for the online store. The incorporation of Guards effectively segregates controllers and provides robust protection for endpoints. Consequently, this integration has simplified the enhancement of the store's functionality, rendering it more reliable and flexible for future developments.
Comparison of Alum and Poly Aluminum Chloride Coagulant Performance on Turbidity and pH of Lematang Enim PDAM Raw Water
Authors: Komala Ria , Subroto  , Sisnayati  , Dwipayana Hendra , Nurlela
Published: May 2024

Raw water is natural water found in lakes, rivers, streams, and underground sources before any treatment or purification processes. It typically contains various impurities, such as suspended solids, organic matter, pathogens, and dissolved minerals, which need to be removed to make it safe for consumption. Aluminum Sulfate and Poly Aluminum Chloride (PAC) are two commonly used chemicals in the treatment of raw water to remove impurities and make it suitable for drinking, industrial, or agricultural purposes. These chemicals play crucial roles in the purification process by aiding in the coagulation and flocculation of contaminants, which facilitates their removal through filtration. Study on raw water treatment using Aluminum Sulphate and Poly Aluminum Chloride (PAC) coagulants was carried out at Talang Jawa IPA PDAM Lematang Enim of Muara Enim District by taking raw water samples from Talang Jawa Intake and Pelita Sari Intake. This study aimed to find out the right type and dose of coagulant in the raw water treatment process.  he test parameters were turbidity and pH values. The research was conducted using a jar test to determine the dose of coagulant. The results showed the use of solid PAC was more effective for both intakes. The optimum coagulant dose is 20 ppm PAC in the raw water of Talang Jawa intake and Pelita Sari intake with turbidity of 2.62 NTU and 4.15 NTU and pH of 7.8 and 7.6.
PENGEMBANGAN SISTEM ADMINISTRASI PENILAIAN SISWA BERBASIS FRAMEWORK LARAVEL DI SD NEGERI PEGANDIKAN I KABUPATEN SERANG
Authors: Darip Mochammad , Hamdan
Published: May 2024

Melalui pendidikan manusia tidak hanya memperoleh pengetahuan dan keterampilan tetapi ia juga akan mendapatkan pengembangan akan nilai, moral dan etika yang akan membentuk karakter. kaitannya antara pengembangan sistem administrasi pendidikan khususnya sistem administrasi penilaian siswa dengan pengembangan karakter siswa adalah bahwa sistem administrasi yang baik, efisien dan terintegrasi dapat menciptakan lingkungan pendidikan yang mendukung pembentukan karakter siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan sistem administrasi penilaian siswa berbasis framework laravel pada tingkat Sekolah Dasar (SD) Negeri Pegandikan I Kabupaten Serang. Penerapan teknologi informasi ini diharapkan akan mempermudah tugas guru serta meningkatkan transparansi dalam mengevaluasi kemajuan belajar siswa. metode penelitian yang digunakan akan lebih fokus pada pengembangan teknologi informasi hingga pengujiannya. Hasil pengujian pengembangan aplikasi menujukan semua fitur yang diuji dinyatakan berhasil sesuai fungsinya menggunakan pendekatan blackbox test. Sedangkan pengembangan aplikasi ini sudah sesuai dengan kebutuhan pengguna dengan presentase nilai keberterimaan dan kemudahan dalam penggunaan sebesar 89.27%.
Manajemen Strategik Implementasi Program Pendidikan Merdeka Belajar
Authors: Putra Karantioano S , Asyari Lutfi , Rohani  , Widyaningsih Yennie Indriati
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Strategic management of the implementation independent learning program. It is a library research with analytical descriptive qualitative method, aims to collect data or information by tracing various data in the form of online documents, articles, journals, books, laws, regulations, guidelines, and notes which are then analyzed using an educational approach. The results of the study, the strategic elements of the Independent Learning Education policy include: The independent learning paradigm, main policies, main targets and focus, priority program activities, challenges and implementation problems. The strategic management component in the implementation of the Independent Learning Education policy includes: principles of strategic management implementation, strategic management model, formulation of implementation strategies, steps to formulate strategic plans, and elements of strategic plan implementation. The objectives of implementing the independent learning education program are through the implementation of strategic management, which include: Improving the quality of education, ensuring the quality of education, and sustaining program development.
Alternatif Desain Pembelajaran pada Masa Adaptasi Kebiasaan Baru (AKB) di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Mutaqin Ejen Jenal , Asyari Lutfi , Gunawan Dani , Nugraha Widdy Sukma
Published: May 2024

This community service aims to provide insight into knowledge about learning strategies during the AKB period in Elementary School Malangbong Garut District, by providing insight into the importance of solving learning problems related to professional development to increase professionalism for educators during the adaptation of new habits. The problem is resolved in three stages of activities, namely preparation, implementation and evaluation. The results of community service activities show the level of success with an indication of a similar mindset of equivalent educators, a positive response from community service participants related to solving learning problems during the AKB period, and most (75%) participants have understood the concept of developing learning strategies what to do during the Covid-19 pandemic.
Pelatihan Pembuatan Media Pembelajaran Berbasis Mobile Bagi Guru SMP
Authors: Susila Aceng Ahmad Rodian , Nasrullah Iman , Denni Irdam , Bhakti Demmy Dharma
Published: May 2024

The development of information technology has now affected various aspects of life, including the world of education. An educator is required to be able to follow and apply technology along with the times in the teaching and learning process. The application of this technology can be used in mobile-based learning media, as a solution so that the material delivered by educators looks more attractive. Thus, community service activities were carried out in the form of training in making mobile-based learning media for junior high school teachers. This activity aims to improve the ability of educators to create mobile-based learning media. The training activities were attended by 40 science teachers from the Cisompet sub-district. The training is carried out in stages, namely 1) preparation; 2) material exposure; 3) making learning media by participants; 4) task collection; and 5) evaluation. The results of the participants' responses to this training activity were positive. From the questionnaire distributed to the participants, 90.3% stated that the training material was very good and useful for the participants.
Perbedaan Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah dari Penerapan Problem Solving dan Problem Posing pada Siswa SMA
Authors: Sari Meta Yulia , Prihatnani Erlina
Published: May 2024

Pentingnya kemampuan pemecahan masalah dalam pembelajaran matematika belum diikuti dengan pencapaian yang baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan menerapkan model pembelajaran Problem Solving dan Problem Posing serta menguji ada tidaknya perbedaan kemampuan pemecahan masalah dari kedua model tersebut. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada kelas X salah satu SMA Negeri di Salatiga dengan materi trigonometri. Sampel sebanyak 53 siswa, terbagi dalam dua kelompok eksperimen. Penelitian ekperimen semu ini menggunakan desain randomaized control group pretest-postest design, dengan instrumen berbentuk tes kemampuan pemecahan masalah dan lembar observasi. Analisis data menggunakan kovariansi pada taraf signifikan ???? = 5% dengan kemampuan awal sebagai variabel kovarian. Hasil uji hipotesis menyimpulkan bahwa dengan mengontrol kemampuan awal siswa didapat bahwa siswa yang melaksanakan model pembelajaran Problem Posing secara signifikan memiliki kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika yang lebih baik dibandingkan siswa yang melaksanakan model pembelajaran Problem Solving. Hasil ini menunjukkan pembelajaran hendaknya tidak hanya melatih siswa menyelesaikan masalah tetapi juga mengkonstruksi permasalahan.
The importance of problem-solving abilities in mathematics learning has not been automatically followed by good achievement. This study aims to apply Problem Solving and Problem Posing learning models and to test whether there are differences in the problem-solving abilities of the two learning models. This research was conducted in class X mathematics learning at one of the public high schools in Salatiga on Trigonometry material. This quasi-experimental study used a randomized control group pretest-posttest design, with instruments in the form of problem-solving ability tests and observation sheets. The data analysis used was the covariance test at the significant level α = 5% with the initial ability as a covariate variable. The results of hypothesis testing with covariance analysis concluded that by controlling students' initial abilities it was found that there were significant differences in mathematical problem-solving abilities between the application of the two models. Students who carry out the Problem Posing learning model significantly have better mathematical problem-solving abilities than students who carry out the Problem-Solving learning model. These results indicate that learning should not only train students to solve problems but also construct problems.
Penggunaan Model Pembelajaran Snow Cube Throwing Berbasis Eksplorasi dalam Meningkatkan Kemampuan Intuisi Matematis Siswa
Authors: Sari Nenden Mutiara
Published: May 2024

Model pembelajaran snow cube throwing dikembangkan untuk melatih kemampuan intuisi siswa melalui kegiatan menebak/memperkirakan pola dari masalah-masalah eksplorasi yang diberikan. Sesuai dengan kekhasan model pembelajaran ini, siswa dapat berlatih banyak soal berbasis eksplorasi. Banyaknya soal-soal eksplorasi yang diberikan akan membantu siswa dalam mempertajam kemampuan intuisinya. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis peningkatan kemampuan intuisi matematis yang mendapat pembelajaran SCTBE, eksploratif dan ekspositori ditinjau secara keseluruhan dan berdasarkan kategori sekolah. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuasi eksperimen dengan rancangan non-equivalent pre-test and post-test control-group design. Populasi penelitian adalah siswa kelas VIII dari tiga sekolah di Kota Cimahi. Pemilihan sampel dalam penelitian kuantiatatif didasarkan pada teknik strata dan kelompok. Tes kemampuan intuisi matematis yang digunakan berbentuk uraian yang terdiri dari 5 soal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: Secara keseluruhan peningkatan kemampuan intuisi matematis siswa yang memperoleh pembelajaran snow cube throwing berbasis eksplorasi lebih baik dari siswa yang memperoleh pembelajaran eksploratif dan ekspositori; ditinjau berdasarkan kategori sekolah, pembelajaran snow cube throwing berbasis eksplorasi lebih cocok digunakan pada sekolah kategori tengah yang memiliki karakteristik aktif dan mandiri.
The snow cube throwing learning model was developed to practice students' intuition ability through guessing/predicting patterns of the given exploration problems. Following the uniqueness of this learning model, students can practice many exploration-based questions. The number of exploratory questions given will help students sharpen their intuitive abilities. This study aims to analyze the improvement of mathematical intuition ability that obtained SCTBE, explorative, and expository learning reviewed as a whole and based on school categories. This research was a quasi-experimental study with a non-equivalent pre-test and post-test control-group design. The study population was class VIII students from three schools in Cimahi City. Sample selection in quantitative research is based on strata and group techniques. The mathematical intuition ability test used is in the form of a description consisting of 5 questions. The results showed that: Overall improvement in mathematical intuition ability of students who obtained snow cube throwing based on exploration learning was better than students who obtained explorative and expository learning; based on the school category, snow cube throwing based on exploration learning is more suitable for middle category schools that have active and independent characteristics.
Hypothetical Learning Trajectory pada Materi Peluang: Konteks Mainan Tradisional Ular Naga
Authors: Sari Dina Lita , Fitriani Devi Asfira , Khaeriyah Denti Zaedatul , Hartono  , Nursyahidah Farida
Published: May 2024

Siswa masih mengalami kesulitan belajar materi peluang, diantaranya sulit memahami konsep peluang, salah dalam menggunakan rumus peluang, dan kurangnya motivasi dalam belajar materi peluang. Desain pembelajaran dengan konteks pembelajaran yang tepat dapat menjadi solusi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendesain pembelajaran materi peluang menggunakan konteks permainan ular naga. Metode penelitian yaitu design research dengan 3 tahapan yaitu: tahap persiapan, eksperimen desain dan analisis retrospektif. Tahap persiapan memberikan penjelasan mengenai persiapan sebelum uji coba HLT pada tahap ekperimen desain. Penelitian ini melibatkan 6 siswa kelas VIII MTs NU Mftahul Ulum Margasari dan 1 guru pengampu matematika. Penelitian ini merumuskan HLT yang terdiri dari 4 aktivitas pembelajaran siswa, yaitu: (1) Menonton video permainan ular naga, untuk mengidentifikasi banyaknya kejadian dan banyaknya eksperimen dan menentukan rumus peluang empirik, (2) menentukan rumus peluang teoritik, (3) menentukan ruang sampel, titik sampel, dan rumus frekuensi harapan, (4) menyelesaikan masalah kontekstual berkaitan materi peluang.
Students still have difficulty learning opportunity material, including difficulty understanding the concept of opportunity, incorrectly using the probability formula, and lack of motivation in learning opportunity material. Learning design with the right learning context can be a solution. This study aims to design learning opportunities material using the context of the dragon game. The research method is design research with 3 stages, namely: preparation stage, experimental design, and retrospective analysis. The preparation stage explains the preparation before the HLT trial at the design experiment stage. This study involved 6 students of class VIII MTs NU Miftahul Ulum Margasari and 1 teacher of mathematics. This study formulates the HLT which consists of 4 student learning activities, namely: Watching a video game of dragon snakes, identifying the number of events and the number of experiments and determining the empirical probability formula, determining the theoretical probability formula, determining the sample space, sample point, and expected frequency formula, solve contextual problems related to probability material.
Etnomatematika: Konsep Matematika pada Kue Lebaran
Authors: Diniyati Indah Amanah , Ekadiarsi Aisyah Nurwulan , Salsabila  , Herdianti Ika Akmalia Herva , Amelia Tasya , Wahidin
Published: May 2024

Pada saat belajar matematika sering mengalami kendala yang disebabkan ketika pembelajaran tidak memberikan contoh konkret dari objek matematika yang abstrak. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis etnomatematika yang terdapat di kue lebaran. Metode yang digunakan penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan etnografi. Total objek yang diteliti ada 4 buah kue lebaran, yaitu kue lidah kucing, kue kastangel, kue putri salju, kue nastar, dan 1 subjek untuk diwawancara, yaitu pedagang kue. Teknik penelitian ini menggunakan observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian ini diperoleh Diantaranya pada kue nastar yang terbentuk dari bangun ruang setengah bola, kue putri salju yang terbentuk dari juring dan tembereng lingkaran kue kastangel yang terbentuk dari bangun ruang balok, dan kue Lidah kucing yang terbentuk dari bangun datar persegi panjang dan setengah lingkaran. Diharapkan dari pembelajaran konstektual yang menggunakan kue lebaran sebagai media pembelajaran dapat membantu serta menambah wawasan dalam memahami konsep bangun geometri pada matematika.
At the time of learning mathematics often experience obstacles caused when learning does not provide concrete examples of abstract mathematical objects. The purpose of this study was to analyze the ethnomathematics contained in the Eid cake. The method used is qualitative research with an ethnographic approach. The total objects studied were 4 Eid cakes, namely cat tongue cake, kastangel cake, snow-white cake, nastar cake, and 1 subject to be interviewed, namely a cake seller. This research technique uses observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of this study were obtained. Among them are nastar cakes which are formed from a half-spherical shape, snow princess cakes which are formed from circles and circles of kastangel cakes which are formed from blocks of space, and cat's tongue cakes which are formed from rectangular and semi-circular flat shapes. It is hoped that contextual learning using Eid cakes as a learning medium can help and add insight into understanding the concept of geometric shapes in mathematics.
Keterampilan Guru Matematika Se-Kabupaten Kuningan dalam Pemanfaatan Platform Pembelajaran Online Masa Pandemic
Authors: Toheri  , Kismeina Aliyah , Persada Alif Ringga
Published: May 2024

Permasalahan yang dihadapi pada masa pandemic COVID-19 mengharuskan pendidik melakukan kegiatan mengajar di rumah. Pendidik dituntut dapat menggunakan dan memanfaatkan teknologi untuk pembelajaran daring. Penilitian dilakukan untuk mengetahui keterampilan guru matematika dalam pemanfaatan platform pembelajaran online dan mengetahui bagaimana kualitas pembelajaran yang dihasilkan. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian mixed method yaitu menggabungkan metode kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari 122 guru matematika se-Kabupaten Kuningan dengan jumlah 44 sekolah (9 negeri dan 35 swasta). Peneliti menggunakan teknik Cluster Random Sampling dengan sampel sebanyak 25 guru dari 10 sekolah (5 negeri dan 5 swasta). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keterampilan guru dalam konteks TIK masuk dalam kategori “Kurang Baik”. Kualitas pembelajaran cenderung menurun, dan nilai-nilai karakter menurun. Pencapaian siswa pada masa pandemic umumnya belum mencapai nilai KKM yang sudah ditentukan oleh sekolah. Hasil nilai rapor siswa juga cenderung fluktuatif.
The problem faced during the pandemic COVID-19 requires that educators perform teaching activities at home. Educators must be able to use and utilize technology for online learning. This study aims to determine the skills of mathematics teachers in the use of learning platforms online; to find out how the quality of the resulting learning. This research uses research, mixed method which combine quantitative and qualitative methods. The population in this study consisted of 122 mathematics teachers throughout Kuningan Regency with a total of 44 schools (9 public and 35 private). Researchers used the technique Cluster Random Sampling with a sample of 25 teachers from 10 schools (5 public and 5 private). The results of the study indicate that the skills of teachers in the context of ICT are included in the "Not Good". The quality of learning tends to decrease, and character values decline, besides that, many student achievements during the pandemic have not reached the KKM value that has been determined by the school, and fluctuating student report card scores are also shown.
Pedagogical Content Knowledge Guru dalam Pembelajaran Matematika Daring
Authors: Rahayu Diar Veni , Muhtadi Dedi , Ridwan Irwan Muhammad
Published: May 2024

Perkembangan teknologi yang pesat mendorong terjadinya pergeseran paradigma dalam proses pembelajaran matematika, di mana pembelajaran daring menjadi salah satu pilihan yang sering dilakukan. Hal tersebut berimplikasi pada adanya perubahan kerangka Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK) guru dalam pembelajaran matematika. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kerangka PCK guru dalam pembelajaran matematika daring. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis konten yang digunakan untuk merancang kerangka konseptual PCK guru dalam pembelajaran matematika daring. Analisis konten yang dilakukan berupa literatur review dan penggalian data. Untuk penggalian data, digunakan instrumen berupa angket dan pedoman wawancara dengan subjek sebanyak lima orang guru matematika. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan, yaitu triangulasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kerangka PCK guru dalam pembelajaran matematika daring dapat diadaptasi dan dioperasionalkan dari model PCK Lannin yang meliputi: knowledge of instructional strategies for mathematics, knowledge of student understanding within mathematics, knowledge of curriculum for mathematics dan knowledge of assessment for mathematics. Guru sudah memiliki paradigma, kesiapan dan faktor pendukung yang cukup baik dalam melaksanakan pembelajaran matematika daring, namun masih belum optimal dalam kemampuan dan struktur tugas siswa.
Rapid technological developments encourage a paradigm shift in the mathematics learning process, where online learning is one of the choices that is often done. This implies a change in the teacher's Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK) framework in learning mathematics. This study aims to describe the PCK framework of teachers in online mathematics learning. This study uses the content analysis method used to design the conceptual framework of teachers' PCK in online mathematics learning. Content analysis is carried out in the form of a literature review and data mining. For data mining, instruments in the form of questionnaires and interview guidelines were used with the subject of five mathematics teachers. The data analysis technique used is triangulation. The results showed that the teacher's PCK framework in online mathematics learning can be adapted and operationalized from Lannin's PCK model which includes knowledge of instructional strategies for mathematics, knowledge of student understanding within mathematics, knowledge of the curriculum for mathematics and knowledge of assessment for mathematics. Teachers already have a fairly good paradigm, readiness, and supporting factors in implementing online mathematics learning, but they are still not optimal in the abilities and structure of students' assignments.
Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematis Siswa SMA pada Materi Jarak pada Bangun Ruang
Authors: Ulfa Yoshe Larissa , Roza Yenita , Maimunah
Published: May 2024

Keterampilan pemecahan masalah merupakan salah satu kemampuan kognitif dasar matematis yang perlu dikuasai oleh siswa. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui serta menganalisis kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif. Subjek dari penelitian ini adalah 23 siswa kelas XII MIPA SMA Cendana Pekanbaru. Teknik pengumpulan data adalah tes kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis. Analisis terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa dilihat berdasarkan indikator kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis. Rata-rata hasil pengujian soal pada indikator memhami masalah adalah 90, rata-rata pada indikator membuat rencana pemecahan masalah adalah 62,4, rata-rata pada indikator pelaksanaan rencana pemecahan masalah adalah 35, dan rata-rata pada indikator menafsirkan solusi pemecahan masalah yang diperoleh ialah 14,46. Upaya dalam meningkatkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa, guru sebaiknya menggunakan media pembelajaran dalam proses pembelajaran yang dapat menyeimbangkan persepsi siswa dalam memvisualisasikan proyeksi jarak titik dengan garis pada bangun ruang.
Problem-solving skills are one of the basic mathematical cognitive abilities that need to be mastered by students. The purpose of this study was to determine and analyze students' mathematical problem-solving abilities. This type of research is qualitative research. The subjects of this study were 23 students of class XII MIPA SMA Cendana Pekanbaru. The data collection technique is a mathematical problem-solving ability test. Analysis of students' mathematical problem-solving ability is seen based on indicators of mathematical problem-solving ability. The average test results on the problem-understanding indicator are 90, the average problem-solving plan indicator is 62.4, the average problem-solving plan implementation indicator is 35, and the average indicator for interpreting the problem-solving solution obtained is 14.46. To improve students' mathematical problem-solving skills, teachers should use learning media in the learning process that can balance students' perceptions in visualizing the projection of the distance of the point with the line on the shape of the space.
The Relationship Between Potassium And Ureum Levels Of New Drugs In Drug Resistant Tuberculosis Patients
Authors: Anggita Sasha Marwah , Qomariyah Nurul , Kahar Fitriani
Published: May 2024

The use of new types of drugs in RO TB patients will cause disturbances in the body's electrolytes, especially potassium levels, as well as disturbances in urea levels caused by the excretion of urea that is retained in the body. Continuous increases in urea in the body result in the kidneys not being able to work optimally. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between potassium levels and urea levels on new types of drugs in RO TB patients. The research method used is analytical observational with a cross sectional approach. This research was conducted on 16 February – 16 March 2023 with research subjects being RO TB patients who received treatment with a new type of drug at the Lung Hospital dr. Ario Wirawan Salatiga as many as 21 respondents using a sampling technique that is the total population. Potassium levels were measured using the ISE (Ion Selective Electrode) method and urea levels used the enzymatic UV test method. The data was then processed using the Shapiro-Wilk normality test, then continued with prerequisite tests (crosstab test and homogeneity test) then continued with hypothesis testing, because my data scale was ratio and nominal, the alternative test used was the Chi-Square Test. The equipment test results obtained a homogeneity test with a P value of 0.698 and 0.610 (0.05), meaning the data was homogeneous. The test results for the relationship between potassium and urea levels on new types of drugs for RO TB patients were Chi-Square hypothesis test results with a P value of 0.152 and 0.384 ( 0.05) means there is no relationship between potassium levels and urea levels on new types of drugs in RO TB patients. The results show that the TB drugs bedaquiline and delamanid do not cause kidney function disorders so that RO TB patients can consume these TB drugs regularly.
Identification of bioactive compounds in hydro-alcoholic extract of cinnamon by GC-MS ‎analysis and evaluation of its in-vitro anti-gastric cancer potential
Authors: Owrang Mina , Gholami Alam , Rafiei Alireza , Talei Maryam
Published: May 2024

Background: Despite the availability of various treatment methods for gastric cancer, herbal medicine remains a promising candidate. This study aimed to identify the bioactive compounds in the hydroalcoholic extract (CHE) of cinnamon ‎‎(Cinnamomum zeylanicum) using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis.
Objectives: ‎To study the phytochemical constituents from the hydroalcoholic extract (CHE) of cinnamon ‎‎(Cinnamomum zeylanicum).
Methods: The CHE ‎was tested for cytotoxicity against a normal human gastric epithelium cell line (GES‐1) and a human ‎gastric adenocarcinoma cell line ‎‎(AGS) as a model of gastric cancer.
Results: The analysis revealed six main ‎phytochemical compounds in the CHE, with ‎cinnamaldehyde being the predominant compound. The CHE showed potent cytotoxicity against the AGS cell line at concentrations ranging from 100-600 μg/mL, significantly reducing ‎the viability of these cancerous cells to 20.88%‎‏ ‏compared to the control group (p<0.05). ‎In contrast, the CHE did not significantly affect the viability of GES‐1 ‎cells.
Conclusion: The findings ‎obtained suggest a promising avenue for finding new anticancer compounds as potent ‎chemotherapeutic agents for gastric cancer.‎
Keywords: anticancer; bioactive compounds; cinnamon; cytotoxicity
THE ORGANIZATION OF WASTE MANAGEMENT AT THE FIRST TECHNOLOGICAL LEVEL
Authors: Zolotar Liudmyla , Pryimachenko Oleksii
Published: May 2024

The waste management of resident’s area - an integral organizational and technological spatial oriented system, a component of the functional and planning structure of the city. The town-planning organization of waste management is aimed at improving the ecological condition and improving the comfort and quality of life of the inhabitants. The model of consistency of the approval of the project decision of design of the of primary collection points at the pre-design stages has been proposed in conditions of reconstruction or new building. The technological and planning constraints and the impact and morphological structure of the constructed waste in the places of their nascence which have locate in the zone of influence of the primary collection point in this model has been included.
The method of calculation of waste management is divided into three technological levels according to the organizational model of waste management. The method of calculation of waste management have at each level of system the object of research ˗ it the territory which limited by the zone of influence of the urban environment elements as the subject of research:
I level - research of primary collection points;
II level - sorting or reloading stations;
III level - enterprises for recycling or of household waste
This article will consider the organization of sanitary cleaning at the first technological level.
INNOVATIVE APPROACHES TO REHABILITATING DEPRESSED AREAS OF LARGE CITIES: CURRENT CHALLENGES AND SOLUTIONS
Authors: Merylova Iryna
Published: May 2024

This work aims to investigate the eco-urban planning approaches for the revitalization of depressed areas, as well as to develop proposals regarding the development strategy of these territories using the example of the city of Dnipro. Departing from the modernist paradigm, where humans place themselves above nature, this study relies on fundamental research by scholars who were the first to develop and utilize eco-urban planning approaches. These scholarly works serve as the methodological basis for this study, which encompasses both general scientific research methods and specialized methods from the fields of architecture, urban planning, and urbanism.
The article examines the ecological, socio-economic, public, historical-cultural, and architectural-urban contexts regarding their impact on the development and implementation of projects involving eco-urban planning approaches for the revitalization of depressed areas. Research in all of these contexts helps to create a comprehensive approach to the revitalization of depressed areas, taking into account the variety of factors influencing the quality and sustainability of the urban environment.
The obtained research results, conclusions, scientific foundations, and the author's own architectural-planning experience have enabled the development of strategic directions for eco-urban planning renovation of depressed areas: research and analysis, strategy and goal setting, community engagement and benefits identification, architectural-urban concept, implementation, and monitoring. The research interprets the eco-urban rehabilitation of depressed areas as a complex of innovative approaches and strategies aimed at restoring and transforming relevant urban areas while considering the principles of sustainable development and ecological resilience. This approach encompasses specific forms and innovative properties that together constitute an eco-urban planning strategy, taking into account various aspects of sustainable development, including energy efficiency, eco-mobility, water resource management, green construction, social inclusion, and cultural heritage preservation. The published research results have allowed us to present the conceptual principles of eco-urban planning rehabilitation of industrial areas using the example of the city of Dnipro, based on the resilience of its ecosystem functions and structures. Understanding that the stability of the entire city depends on the stability of its individual spaces, combined into a unified system, emphasizes the importance of a high degree of connectivity between natural spaces and various ecosystems within the city's structure.
FEATURES OF THE FORMATION OF MODERN OPEN SPACES OF CHILDREN'S HEALTH CARE INSTITUTIONS
Authors: Veligotskaya Yuliia , Malik Nataliya
Published: May 2024

In this article, an analysis of modern foreign open spaces of children's health care facilities, hospitals, complexes is carried out. On the basis of the conducted analysis of foreign examples of open spaces of health care facilities it was found its specific view like medical and recreational, technological, multifunctional safe integrated spaces.
Modern functional zones of the formation of open spaces of open spaces of children's health care facilities were identified: transport and economic, recreational, medical and rehabilitation and public zones.
Defined types of classifications of open spaces of open spaces of children's health care facilities. According to the type of use: urban open spaces are located in the structure of children's health care facilities, landscape-recreational, landscape-healing.
By type of medical institution: open spaces at children's hospitals, at children's outpatient polyclinics, and at children's sanatorium-resort and sanitary-prophylactic institutions.
According to the mode of use: open, closed and semi-closed. By functional use, transport and pedestrian, recreational, health, economic. According to the degree of openness – closed, located inside (inner courtyards) medical complexes, semi-closed (kurdoners) and opened open spaces, flowing open spaces. According to the type of planning, regular, landscape and mixed. And according to the configuration of the plans: square, rectangular, trapezoidal, rounded, curvilinear, etc. All this depends on the type of size of the territory: large, medium and small, which directly depend on the type of medical institution, its size and location.
Acceptance of Childhood Rotavirus Vaccine Among Mothers at The Point of Rotavirus Vaccine Introduction: A case study from Awka Anambra State Nigeria
Authors: Tagbo Beckie , Chukwubike Dr. Chinedu , Peace Aniedu , Joy Okwumuo , Ieanyi Aniedu
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND:  Rotaviruses are the most important cause of severe diarrheal illness in infants and young children worldwide. Nigeria, with a prevalence of 56%, has one of the highest rates of rotavirus sickness in children under five years old, and rotavirus-related deaths were estimated to have caused 31,000 deaths in 2013. On August 22, 2022, aiming for universal immunization, the Nigerian government, through the National Primary Health Care Development Agency (NPHCDA), in collaboration with partners and the World Health Organization (WHO), introduced the rotavirus vaccine into her Routine Immunization (RI) Schedule. This study aimed to assess parents’ acceptance of having their children vaccinated against rotavirus.

METHODS:  We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional questionnaire-based study among 217 childbearing mothers attending clinics at Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University Teaching Hospital (COOUTH), Awka, Anambra State. Data analysis was performed with SPSS version 27.

RESULTS: One hundred and sixty-six (166/217,76.5%) of respondents had heard of rotavirus infection., while 86.5% (142/166) of them had knowledge that vaccines are the main preventive measure, and 69.3% (115/166) were aware of the recent rotavirus vaccine introduction into the National Programme on Immunization (NPI). Ninety-one percent (91%) (169/217) were ready to accept the rotavirus vaccine because it is safe and useful to the health of their children. Only 3.7% (7/217) of respondents had some safety concerns about the rotavirus vaccine. Fifty percent (50%; 108/217) respondents had given their children rotavirus vaccines (either from private facilities before introduction into NIP or following the introduction). Regarding associated factors, women who had tertiary education were three times more likely than those with lower educational levels to have knowledge of rotavirus (aOR=2.9; 95%CI=1.425-6.028; p=<0.001). Respondents emphasized the need for more information on vaccine effectiveness and safety, with the medical doctor having the highest confidence to provide information about immunization. 

CONCLUSION: Although the present study showed high levels of knowledge and good attitudes towards rotavirus and rotavirus vaccination, there are still some vaccine effectiveness and safety concerns by mothers that need to be addressed through more public awareness and campaigns.