bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic values of serum IL-17A and IL-18 in Rheumatoid arthritis and Correlation with treatment
Authors: Yousif Noorhan H. , Ibraheem Shaima R. , Mahmood Aseel shakir
Published: April 2022

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disorder that involves autoantibodies attacking and weakening joints. RA is characterized by leukocyte (Monocyte, Lymphocyte mast cell .etc) infiltrations into the synovial compartment leading to inflammation in the synovial membrane.   Synovitis leads to the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, matrix metalloproteinases, chemokines, complement proteins, and growth factors.

Objective: The current study pointed to verify the diagnostic values of interleukin -17 A and interleukin -18 in Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients and the effect of treatment thereon.

Study subjects and methods: A total of 88 samples with RA were selected from the health clinics of AL-Yarmouk teaching hospital/rheumatology clinic in Baghdad, with female rheumatoid arthritis patients as the patient group (50) and (38) healthy females as the control group. All patients were exposed to clinical, laboratory, and ultrasound assessments, besides measuring the serum level of both (IL-17A and IL-18) by the method of Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

Results: The results show that there is a significant difference (p≤0.05) in IL-17A levels between patients and controls. The concentration of IL-17A in premenopausal patients is higher when compared to control groups (18.06 ± 3.85 vs 15.71 ± 1.82 pg/ml), so, the concentration in postmenopausal studied groups (17.19 ± 2.91 vs 14.13 ± 1.06 pg/ml).

Also, there are significant differences (p≤0.05) in the level of IL-18 between the patients and the control; it is found that the level of IL-18 within the premenopausal patients was higher compared to the control (16.09 ± 9.69 vs 12.52 ± 8.30 pg/ml).

Conclusion: A High level of IL-17A in RA patients contributes to the pathogenesis of RA as an inflammatory disease. As well as, the elevated levels of IL-18 suggest its physiological role to induce inflammatory disorder Treatment with (MTX and Etanercept) causes a decrease in the inflammatory markers of this disease RF in patient groups.
Water quality assessment in the region of Vale dos Sinos trough the alternative model Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Oliveira Talitha Stella Sant’Ana , Bigolin Cassiana , Silva Laura Cé da , Menezes Júlia Machado , Ayres Tainara Amanda , Rodrigues Gabriela Zimmermann Prado , Rodrigues Vinícius Bley , Muller Isadora Ritter , Gehlen Günther , Betti Andresa Heemann , Charão Mariele Feiffer
Published: April 2022

The determination of the condition of river water quality is critical to establishing sustainable water resource management policies. The use of bioindicators tests for the evaluation of water quality is a valuable tool, and the nematode C. elegans is described as a good organism to assess toxicological risks in aquatic and soil environments. The samples of water were collected in three stretches of the Paranhana and Ilha rivers (P1, P2 and P3) in November (spring) of 2018, January (summer) of 2019, April (autumn) of 2019, and August (winter) of 2019. The physic-chemical parameters were analyzed according to the standard methods (Standard Methods for the examination of Water and Wastewater 23rd edition). The nematode strains used are savage lineage N2 and were obtained through the Caenorhabidits Genetics Center (CGC) for the bioindicator test. The development evaluation was verified by the body surface area measurement of 20 nematodes which were quantified thru the ImageJ software. Most of the physic-chemical parameters were within the limits recommended by CONAMA, but aluminum, that presented values ten times higher than the recommended limit. Significant differences were observed in the nematodes development from all the samples when compared to the control group (p<0,001). The analysis of nematode development demonstrated that the bioindicator was sensitive to the research, showing that ecotoxicological assays are important for a more realistic scenario of threats to water quality, and C. elegans allows this assessment to be performed adequately.
PERBEDAAN AWAL WAKTU SHALAT DUNIA: Analisis Aplikasi Athan Tinjauan Terhadap Posisi Matahari dan Letak Geografis
Authors: Muhammad Hasanuddin
Published: April 2022

Changes in the position of the sun and the difference in places with old and long nights. There are interesting things to examine changes in the position of the sun and situation, to the differences in the beginning of world prayer time, by analyzing the schedules available at the application athan. This study sampled the methods of the Islamic Sciences of Karachi University, the method of Umm Al Qura Committee, the Egyptian General Authority of Survey method, the method of the Islamic Society of North America each of 3 (three) cities, the method of the World Muslim League 5 (five) total samples 17 city / country and sun position at 8 days. The problem studied is the large number of positions of the sun and the location of different places for the time used for various kinds of information and their use. The results showed that a significant initial number occurred when the sun's position was in the opposite direction (Sun) (June 22) and South backline (December 22), both for the disputed regions in the Northern Hemisphere or in the Southern Hemisphere and the position of the sun was more dominant compared to geographical location
JUAL BELI DEBU METAL PERSPEKTIF HUKUM EKONOMI SYARI’AH (Studi di Toko Emas Pasar Talang Padang, Kabupaten Tanggamus, Provinsi Lampung)
Authors: Azkiya Khalifatul , Jayusman Jayusman
Published: April 2022

Humans are social creatures who need each other so they can help. One of them is through the trade route which is carried out on the basis of benefit considerations, namely: buying and selling of metal dust. This buying and selling has been going on for a long time in several gold shops in the Talang Padang market, Tanggamus Regency, Lampung Province. Sellers and buyers do not know the gold content in the dust, so it is suspected that there is gharar. Furthermore, we will discuss how the Islamic law review about the practice of buying and selling metal dust in the gold shop, Talang Padang market, Tanggamus Regency, Lampung Province? This discussion concludes that the law of metal dust buying and selling that occurs in the Talang Padang market, Tanggamus Regency, Lampung Province is authentic. Although it is not yet known the amount of gold in the dust which causes one of the requirements of ma'qūd 'alaih not to be fulfilled, this obscurity (gharar) is gharar which is a small quantity that does not cause the seller or buyer to always lose because the seller and the buyer are the same person. have experience and expertise. So the buying and selling of metal dust is a legal buying and selling in Islam
POLA PERKEMBANGAN NORMA DAN SANKSI SUAP DALAM FATWA MAJELIS ULAMA INDONESIA, NAHDLATUL ULAMA DAN MUHAMMADIYAH
Authors: Sulaiman Rusdi , Muzammil Sadulloh
Published: April 2022

This paper, through literature studies and historical and normative approaches, outlines the development of norms and risywah sanctions in the MUI, NU and Muhammadiyah Fatwas after bribery crimes are regulated by positive laws in Indonesia. As far as norms are concerned, the fatwas of the three institutions tend to follow historical patterns, continuing the classical norms of risywah. The construction of bribery norms in the third fatwa is inseparable from the identity they hold, namely the fatwa community that has the right to be protected normatively religiously (halal / haram) and practically. MUI identifies itself as an NGO, not the Mufti of the State, while NU and Muhammadiyah confirm themselves as community organizations. As for the bribery sanctions, the three institutions bring together the interests of the fatwa community and the government, recognize the rights and qualifications of the government to implement ta'zir, and identify themselves as citizens who comply with positive laws.
Mining companies, indigenous communities, and the state: the political ecology of lithium in Chile (Salar de Atacama) and Argentina (Salar de Olaroz-Cauchari)
Authors: Dorn Felix Malte , Gundermann Hans , Gundermann Hans
Published: April 2022

Based on intensive and long-term field research and document reviews, this article compares the historic evolution of lithium mining in Chile and Argentina. We highlight national development discourses and government regulatory frameworks in both countries. We illustrate and assess the diverse perceptions and strategies of local actors. Finally, we discuss the socio-spatial materialization of lithium mining in terms of power relations, ecology, and economy. Using perspectives from political ecology brings to light different power relations between the state, mining companies, and indigenous communities in Chile and Argentina. These power asymmetries have an enduring influence on local actors' possibilities for taking action.
Research of neural network for weld penetration control
Authors: Ding Dukun
Published: April 2022

A method has been proposed for welding penetration status prediction in the paper. First, an experimental system was set up and welding experiments were performed. Some groups of welding images could been obtained. A composite filtering system composed of a neutral light reduction filter and a narrow band filter was developed to filter the weld arc disturbance. Some operations were performed to the images, namely the median filter and gray transformation. Then a neural network was setup, containing three layers. The inner widths of pool xn
, the outer widths of pool xw
, the width difference values e between the inner and outer of pool, ratios of inner pool widths Rn
and ratios of outer pool widths Rw
between two adjacent images were determined to be the input parameters. The penetration parameter p was chosen to be the output. Based on the images, groups of pool parameter data have been obtained and used to train the network. In this way, the weld penetration prediction model can be deduced. Finally, verification tests have been done. It showed that weld penetration situation predicted by the model is fit to its real condition. The accuracy rate is up to 96%, which affords a new way for penetration detection.
Assessment of residual activities of Technetium-99m radiopharmaceuticals to plastic syringes in nuclear medicine scans: 1-year experience at NORIN Nawabshah, Pakistan
Authors: Waqar Muhammad , Shahban Muhammad , Soomro Quratulain , Afridi Touqir
Published: April 2022

Background: Technetium-99m radioisotope is the backbone of any nuclear medicine institute. It is well known that various 99mTclabeled radiopharmaceuticals may get absorbed into the plastic syringes. The consequences of this adsorption are inadequate or inconsistent absorbed dose which produces the inappropriate diagnostic response in patients. The aim of our study was to investigate the true activity administrated to patients and also compare the results of residual activities of the same dose by using different volumes of syringes.
Methods: A total 946 measurements were analyzed in which patients were injected with either 3 or 5 ml syringes and 99mTc was labeled with different pharmaceuticals, i.e., mercaptoacetyltriglycine-3, methoxy-iso-butyl isonitrile, methylenediphosphonic acid (MDP), and technetium pertechnitate. Residual activity was measured for every patient.
Results: The 3 ml syringes have less average retention rate for any radiopharmaceutical as compared to 5 ml syringes. Residual activity for MDP is lower when compared to other radiopharmaceutical for both volumes of syringes. Maximum residual activity for 5 ml syringes happens to be 3.42% of dispensed activity, while for 3 ml syringes it is 2.74% of dispensed activity. The mean effective activities were within the recommended range of EANM and PNRA guidelines.
Conclusion: For all radiopharmaceuticals and both syringes, average residual activity remained well under 1.5% of the activity drawn into syringes, which is insignificant when compared to previous reported results and may not alter the resultant image quality to a larger extent. In hospital, practices should be encouraged to reduce the residual activity as low as possible.
Pediatric care by a rapid response team in a Brazilian tertiary general university hospital
Authors: Marcovici Michelle , Paiva Edison , Salvadori Fernanda , Perondi Maria
Published: April 2022

OBJECTIVES: Describe the experience of implementing a rapid response team (RRT) in a general university hospital in Brazil with code yellow and blue care; specify the characteristics of pediatric care and outline the profile of these patients. METHODS: This retrospective observational study was conducted from 2015 to 2017 with analysis of forms completed by the RRT and of medical records of patients younger than 18 years old who were treated in a high-complexity tertiary and quaternary hospital. RESULTS: There were 62 code yellow calls: 18 (29%) in 2015, 13 (21%) in 2016 and 31 (50%) in 2017. Seventy-four percent were related to the primary disease. The main complications that led to the activation of this code were seizures, syncope, respiratory discomfort and sepsis; sepsis was associated with the three patients that died. Six calls were code blue and all patients had an underlying disease. The cause attributed to cardiorespiratory arrest was hemodynamic instability secondary to sepsis in three patients and acute respiratory failure in the other three patients. The RRT changed the procedure or site of the patient in 64.9% of cases. The response time was less than five minutes for code yellow calls and less than three minutes for code blue calls. CONCLUSION: There was a progressive increase in the number of code yellow calls and the RRT staggered the level of care and assistance. Sepsis was the main cause of death in both modalities. The response time was fast and within the established goal.
El sufijo '–ón' en español contemporáneo: morfología y prototipos
Authors: Anscombre Jean Claude
Published: April 2022

Este trabajo se propone resolver el problema de las voces masculinas terminadas en –ón, y que no tienen el valor aumentativo con el que se han asociado tradicionalmente, sino un valor diminutivo o bien frecuentativo. Basado en un abundante corpus de fuentes escritas y orales contemporáneas, el presente trabajo pretende presentar una propuesta única para dar cuenta de las múltiples interpretaciones del sufijo –ón. Existe para el sufijo –ón un modelo unitario que da cuenta de todos los valores anteriormente mencionados, derivándose los múltiples valores de este valor común por aplicación de reglas semánticas generales, empezando por las interpretaciones magnificantes y minorantes. Por consiguiente, la escalaridad de los sustantivos en –ón, si bien ocurre con frecuencia, no representa en absoluto una característica primitiva. El antes mencionado modelo unitario puede ser elaborado dentro del marco teórico de la Teoría de los estereotipos.
Perturbative expansion of non-orthogonal product approach for charge-transfer states
Authors: Glebov Ilya , Poddubnyy Vladimir , Khokhlov Daniil
Published: April 2022

Modeling of the excited states of multichromophoric systems is crucial for the understanding of photosynthesis functioning. The excitonic Hamiltonian method is widely used for such calculations. Excited states of the combined system are constructed from the wave functions of individual chromophores while their interactions are described by excitonic couplings. In the current study we enhance earlier proposed non-orthogonal product approach to incorporate dynamic correlation effects accounted for by the multireference perturbation theory. We discuss the problems of constructing the excitonic Hamiltonian including charge-transfer states for the molecular systems where the overlap contribution to the excitonic couplings is non-negligible. The benchmark calculations were performed for a model system. It was shown that the overlap component of the excitonic coupling is of great importance. The enhanced method provides an accurate description of the excited states energies and other properties.
Deriving a novel methodology for Nano-BioFETs and analyzing the effect of high-k oxides on the amino-acids sensing application
Authors: Dhar Rakshita , Kumar Naveen , Garcia Cesar Pascual , Georgiev Vihar
Published: April 2022

In this paper, a novel methodology is presented with the analytical simulations of BioFETs using the Gouy-Chapman-Stern and Modified Site-binding model. The derived approach is used to detect different amino acids such as Arginine (R), Aspartic Acid (D) and Proline (P), functionalized with the help of a linker over the gate-oxide. The performance of the BioFETs is optimized while analyzing the effect of high-k dielectrics as the gate oxide. High-k oxides are responsible for tuning the parameters such as sensitivity, surface potential and intrinsic buffer capacity. The variation of differential capacitance with the second gradient of drain current and surface potential are used to identify the signatures of different amino acids. The proposed method can be helpful in defining an efficient method for protein sequencing.
Optimal Unemployment Insurance Requirements
Authors: de Souza Gustavo , Luduvice Andre Victor D.
Published: April 2022

In the US, unemployed workers must satisfy two requirements to receive unemployment insurance (UI): a tenure requirement that stipulates the minimum qualifying work spell and a monetary requirement that determines a past minimum wage. This paper develops a heterogeneous agents model with history-dependent UI benefits in order to quantitatively obtain an optimal UI program design. We first conduct an empirical analysis using the discontinuity of UI rules at state borders and find that both the monetary and the tenure requirement reduce unemployment. The monetary requirement decreases the number of employers and the share of part-time workers, while the tenure requirement has the opposite effect. We then use a quantitative model to rationalize these results. When the tenure requirement is long, workers tend to accept more low paying jobs to become eligible for UI sooner and to protect themselves from risk, while the monetary requirement works conversely. We show that, because it mitigates moral hazard, the monetary requirement can generate higher welfare levels than an increase in the length of the tenure requirement.
A Female Voice in the Middle Ages
Authors: Foran Katherine
Published: April 2022

Medieval texts frequently leave women out or overlook their contributions to society and describe them in a negative and hateful narrative. Christine de Pizan, a late fourteenth century poet, challenges these slanderous works produced by men. This paper highlights Christine de Pizan’s pro- feminine arguments that are made within one of her most popular works, The Book of the City of Ladies. de Pizan uses prose to effectively demonstrate the false accusations made about women. She uses historical and religious examples to prove that a women’s worth is more than what male authors make it out to be. Some scholars relate this work to early feminism, however, de Pizan is very aware of the female place in society and is simply asking for accurate representation and female virtue to remain in these sources rather demanding equality of the sexes. This article highlights some of the feminist arguments by classifying them as pro-feminine instead of feminist.
Tritirachium oryzae and Other Endophytic Mediated Jambu Bol (Syzygium malaccense) are Potential as an Antioxidant
Authors: Hapida Yustina , Elfita Elfita , Widjajanti Hary , Salni Salni
Published: April 2022

Natural bioactive substances have been discovered produced of intracellular fungi. Intracellular fungi, as well as endophytic fungi, it can be found in organs are leaves, stems, roots, fruits, flowers, and seeds. This study aimed to specify for antioxidant activity of intracellular fungi Jambu Bol (Syzygium malaccense) mediated and identify secondary metabolites compounds. The liquid culture was partitioned with ethyl acetate solvent. Using chromatographic techniques, extracts were separated from their secondary metabolites with antioxidant activity apply the DPPH procedure. Its chemical structure was determined using NMR spectroscopic research, and endophytic fungi were recognized using phenotypic characteristics and molecular classification. The endophytic fungus isolation yielded four isolates: YF11, YF12, YF13, and YF14. YF12, with an IC50 of 53.03 g/mL, was the fungus that exhibited good antioxidant activity. Pure chemical secondary metabolites compounds were identified as 2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-methoxytetrahydrofuran-3-ol. Tritirachium oryzae was identified as the endophytic fungus YF12 based on morphological studies and a phylogenetic tree. To boost its antioxidant activity, more study is needed to perform a semi-synthetic reaction on this pure molecule.
Modelling Endemic and Invasive Species' Biodiversity Corridors in the Southern North Island of Aotearoa New Zealand
Authors:   , Morse Henry
Published: April 2022

Habitat loss and invasive species threaten endemic species and the habitats they maintain. Landscape corridors or ecological corridors are strips of vegetation that provide an opportunity to preserve endemic populations by connecting habitats which may be too small on their own to sustain a population and/or by promoting exchange of individuals and their genes which can help maintain overall genetic diversity and population health. Corridor mapping can also improve our understanding of invasive predator pathways and may allow for more efficient control. Finally, corridors can be designed to contribute towards ecosystem services that may make their construction more appealing to landholders. However, restoration with the goal of improving connectivity for native species has not been well evaluated for its impacts on invasive species or ecosystem services. Agricultural regions provide an opportunity to coordinate corridors through restoration, as these regions often contain piecemeal strips of marginal land. In this study, connectivity for multiple species in the Greater Wellington region of New Zealand was evaluated using connectivity models via Linkage Mapper opensource software. I posed three questions: (1) What are the baseline corridors and relative connectivity for multiple species in the study region? (2) What is the relationship between endemic species corridors and those of invasive predators? (3) How does connectivity in the study region change following hypothetical stream restoration aimed at improving water quality? Current landscapes and future scenario landscapes were evaluated for their potential to provide corridors based on known and inferred behaviours of species with contrasting dispersal abilities, represented by ngahere gecko (Mokopirirakau “southern North Island”) rifleman/tītipounamu (Acanthisitta chloris), kākā (Nestor meridionalis), and common brushtail possum (Trichosurus vulpecula). Corridors were successfully modelled in the landscape for all species. Ngahere gecko and tītipounamu exhibited limited presence of corridors that would enable them to traverse between areas of available and protected habitat. Kākā and brushtail possum showed extensive corridors that were concentrated along waterways but spanned the study region. The relationships between corridors for endemic species and invasive predators show there is a convergent spatial relationship between the two. Furthermore, following hypothetical restoration of streams within our modelling software specific responses by our study species were found. Ngahere gecko and tītipounamu showed improved connectivity throughout the region while kākā and brushtail possum had little change in connectivity under the stream restoration scenario. This knowledge may contribute towards more efficient predator control throughout the region as well as improved restoration design.
سياسات التعامل مع التحديات الأمنية لتطبيق "تيك توك"
Authors: Kazem Aboudouh Khaled
Published: April 2022

يُعتبر تطبيق "تيك توك" من التطبيقات التي لاقت انتشارًا واسعًا على مستوى العالم، وآثار التطبيق كثيرًا من الجدل في العالم حول التحديات الأمنية والمخاطر الاجتماعية التي يُعْتَقَد أنه يتسبب بها، لدرجة أن عددًا من الدول اتخذت إجراءات بحظره، أو تقييده جزئيًّا.
وحَلَّلَت الورقةُ مجمل صور الجدل العالمي حول التطبيق، وفَنَّدَت التحديات والمخاطر المرتبطة به، وكشفت عن أن كثيرًا من الجدل والنزاع العالمي حول تطبيق "تيك توك"، هو بمثابة نوع من الحرب الباردة بين عدد من الدول ودولة منشأ التطبيق (الصين)، وأن مجمل التحديات الأمنية والمخاطر الاجتماعية التي ترتبط بالتطبيق، ليست جديدة، ولا قاصرة عليه دون التطبيقات الأخرى الخاصة بالتواصل الاجتماعي.
وأوصت الورقة بأن سياسات التنظيم والرقابة الجزئية على "تيك توك"، تعتبر نهجًا ملائمًا للتصدي للتحديات الأمنية والمخاطر الاجتماعية، وأكثر كفاءة من سياسات الحظر، كما أنها نهج طويل الأجل وقائم على القواعد المهمة والفاعلة لمعالجة مجمل المخاوف المتعلقة بمنصات التواصل الاجتماعي عامة.
ONCOLOGICAL DISEASES ASSOCIATED WITH ADVERSE ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS IN THE REPUBLIC OF NORTH OSSETIA - ALANIA
Authors: T.M. Butaev , A.S. Tsirikhova , A.O. Kaitukov
Published: April 2022

Abstract. The atmospheric air of the Republic of North Ossetia - Alania is periodically polluted with sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, nitrogen oxide, benzapyrene, hydrogen chloride, ammonia, lead, cadmium and zinc. Sources of pollution are the metalworking, woodworking industries, forestry and fuel economy, production of building materials. Environmental pollution is the cause of a number of environmentally-related diseases, including malignant neoplasms.
The purpose of the study: to study the relationship between air pollution and cancer in the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania. To achieve this goal, epidemiological and sanitary-statistical research methods based on data from official documents and reports were used.
The results of the study showed that industrial dust, aerosols and vehicle emissions released into the atmospheric air exceed the MPC, which leads to environmental pollution. In 2020, the share of atmospheric air samples exceeding the maximum one-time MPCs on highways and in the residential area was for suspended solids (2.8%), carbon monoxide (1.4%) and nitrogen dioxide (1.4%). The data obtained indicate the deterioration of the environmental situation, where the atmospheric air is a complex mixture of a wide range of carcinogenic and mutagenic substances that promote the growth of malignant neoplasms. In 2020, malignant neoplasms were first detected in 1974 cases, which is 283.2 per 100 thousand of the population, and in 2019 there were 2132 cases - 334.4. The first ranking place is occupied by breast cancer, followed by skin, trachea, bronchi, lung, colon, prostate, body of the uterus, stomach, rectum. Thus, there is a deterioration of the environmental situation due to air pollution and an increase in the level of both general and primary incidence of malignant neoplasms.
Activated carbon from pumpkin seeds: Production by simultaneous carbonization activation for occupational respiratory protection
Authors: Silva Walqu�ria Joseane , Andrade Neto Nivaldo Freire , Paskocimas Carlos Alberto , Ruiz Juan Alberto Chaves , Carvalho Fab�ola Correa , Longo Elson , Da Motta Fabiana Villela , Delmonte Maurício Roberto Bomio
Published: April 2022

Activated carbon materials are derived from carbonaceous sources and used as a technological element for various industrial purposes. These materials are present in most filters (cartridges) in personal respiratory protective equipment. Due to this context and to enhance sustainability concepts and human health in the production of materials, this study aimed to produce activated carbon from an abundant agricultural waste in the northeast Brazil through a route that not only favors its simultaneous carbonization and activation but also its thermal neutralization. The precursor biomass was characterized by particle size analysis, a standard testing method for moisture and ash content which were characterized by FRX, CHN, and thermal analysis. The produced activated carbon was characterized by potential of hydrogen (pH), XRD, BET, SEM, TPD by ammonia and UV-Vis analysis. The activated carbons showed yields�between 73 and 78%. The morphology varied in function of the biomass interaction with the type and concentration of acid used. The produced samples showed adsorption capacity and selectivity to ammonia gas.
Retrieval of Vertical Structure of Raindrop Size Distribution from Equatorial Atmosphere Radar and Boundary Layer Radar
Authors: Vonnisa Mutya , Shimomai Toyoshi , Hashiguchi Hiroyuki , Marzuki Marzuki
Published: April 2022

This work develops an algorithm to retrieve the vertical structure of the raindrop size distribution (DSD) of rain from simultaneous observations of 47 MHz Equatorial Atmosphere Radar (EAR) and 1.3 GHz Boundary Layer Radar (BLR) at Koto Tabang, West Sumatra, Indonesia (0.20°S, 100.32°E, 865 m above sea level). EAR is sensitive to the detection of turbulence, and BLR is susceptible to identifying precipitation echo. The EAR Doppler spectrum broadening effects due to turbulence and finite radar beam width were reduced using the convolution process. The Gaussian function was used to model the turbulence Doppler spectrum. A non-linear least-squares fitting method was applied to retrieve DSD parameters. Subsequently, the equations to estimate DSD using this dual-frequency algorithm assume the gamma DSD model to retrieve the distribution from the Doppler spectrum of precipitation echo. The precipitation events on April 23, 2004 on the Coupling Processes in the Equatorial Atmosphere (CPEA-I) project have been analyzed. Results show that the precipitation spectrum obtained using the dual-frequency method is higher, more precise, and well-fitted than the single-frequency method, meaning the dual-frequency method has great potential to be used in observing the microphysical process and remote sensing application analysis of DSD in Indonesia, particularly at Koto Tabang. The analyses show various microphysical processes that occur in the rain, such as coalescence, evaporation, break-up, and condensation. Furthermore, for the purpose of easier remote sensing application analysis of profile DSD characteristics, we use a DSD ΔΖMP parameter. ΔΖMP is a rain rate insensitive DSD parameter representing mean drop size. The trend of ΔZMP is not totally uniform with regards to rain rate and reflectivity factors, with ΔZMP higher in the first half of the event and becoming lower toward the end. This suggests that we have to use different Z-R relations within the event. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2022-06-03-02 Full Text: PDF
A.S. Puşkin’in “Yüzbaşının Kızı” adlı eserinde yer alan eski kelimeler: Arkaik ve tarihî kelimeler örneğinde
Authors: TEKELİ Selin
Published: April 2022

Evrensel bir olgu olan dil sürekli gelişir ve değişir. Bu gelişme ve değişme sürecinde söz varlığında yer alan bazı kelimeler kullanımdan düşerken, bazıları da yerini başka kelimelere bırakarak varlığını devam ettirir. Söz varlığında bu değişimler sonucunda ortaya çıkan kelimeler arkaik (arkaizm) ve tarihî (istorizm) kelimeler olarak nitelendirilir. Rus edebiyatının kurucularından sayılan Aleksandr Sergeyeviç Puşkin’in (1799-1837) tarihî roman türünde ele aldığı “Yüzbaşının Kızı” (Kapitanskaya Doçka, 1836) adlı eser, araştırmanın örneklemini oluşturmaktadır. Özellikle geçmiş dönemlerde oluşturulan bu tür eserler, edebi özelliklerinin yanı sıra dil özellikleri açısından da araştırmacılar için zengin başvuru kaynakları arasında yer almaktadır. Tarihî yönüyle Pugaçev ayaklanmasının aydınlatılmasına ışık tutan bu eserde, eski kelimelerin yaygın olarak kullanılması eserin en dikkat çekici tarafıdır. Söz konusu eserden hareketle yapılan bu araştırmada, Rusçanın söz varlığında yer alan arkaik ve tarihî kelimelerin tespitinin yapılması amaçlanmış ve bu kelimelerin tarihsel süreç içerisindeki durumları ortaya koyulmaya çalışılmıştır. Çalışmamıza konu olan eserden 167 tane eski kelime incelenmiş, bunların 111 tanesi arkaik kelime olarak kabul edilirken, 56 tanesi tarihî kelime olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Tarama modelinde betimsel bir araştırma yaptığımız çalışmada metin analizi kullanılmış ve tespit edilen kelimeler eş değerlik açısından incelenirken, alfabetik sıraya göre verilmiştir. Kelimelerin anlamları sözlükler ve diğer kaynaklar yardımıyla açıklanmış, daha sonra kelimelerin eserdeki cümle içerisindeki kullanımları gösterilmiştir. Yazarın, eserde eski kelimeleri kullanması, o dönemin toplum hayatı, kültürel birikimleri, dini yaşayışları, dili, gelenek ve görenekleri hakkında bilgilenmek adına da önemli bilgiler sunmaktadır. Özellikle, çalışmada eski kelimelerin tespit edilmesinin, Rusçanın geniş söz varlığının ortaya konulmasını sağlayacağı gibi bu alanda yapılacak diğer çalışmalara da yararlı olacağı düşünülmektedir.
Rusça ve Türkçe deyimlerde burun kavramı: Kültürdilbilimsel bir inceleme
Authors: PAŞALIOĞLU Canan
Published: April 2022

XX. yüzyılın sonlarına doğru dil ve kültür etkileşimini incelemek üzere ortaya çıkan kültürdilbilim, dilbilimin yeni bir bilim dalıdır. Kültürün dildeki yansımasını inceleyen bu bilim dalı, dil birimleri aracılığıyla toplumun dil bilincini, dil dünya görüşünü, milli değerlerini ve algılarını ortaya çıkarmayı hedefler. Kültürdilbilim bakış açısına göre dil, kültür olgusu olarak ele alınır ve hem kültür ögelerini muhafaza eden hem de aktaran bir birimdir. Rus bilim dünyasında kabul gören dört ekolden biri olan V. N. Teliya ekolü, bir toplumun dünya görüşü ile kültürü hakkında bilgilerin deyimlerde gizli olduğunu savunur ve kültürdilbilimsel yaklaşım çerçevesinde dil birimleri arasında deyimlerin çözümlenmesi üzerine odaklanır. Atasözleri ve deyimler, bir toplumun dünya görüşü, inanışları, efsaneleri, değer yargıları, kültürü, tarihi, sanatı, gelenekleri ve görenekleri gibi birçok konu hakkında bizlere bilgi veren en önemli kaynaklardan biridir. Bir halkın kültürüne ait izler taşıyan deyimler, o halkın milli-kültürel değerlerine özgün bilgileri geçmişten günümüze muhafaza eder. İnsan vücudunun bölümlerine ait adlandırmalarla oluşturulmuş deyimler her kültürde evrensel ve ulusal değerlere sahiptir. V. N. Teliya ekolünün deyimlere yönelik yaklaşımını benimsediğimiz bu çalışmamızda kültürdilbilim çerçevesinde Rus ve Türk dillerinde ‘burun’ ögesini içeren deyimlerin kültürel anlamları irdelenecektir. Karşılaştırmalı inceleme yöntemiyle iki farklı dile ve kültüre sahip Rus ve Türk halklarının dil dünya görüşlerindeki benzerlikler ve farklılıklar ortaya konulacaktır.
Uygulamalı İngilizce Çevirmenlik programlarında çeviride bilgi teknolojileri
Authors: APAYDIN AZMAN Tuğçe , CANIM Sinem
Published: April 2022

Bilgi teknolojilerinde yaşanan gelişmeler ile çevirmenlerin kullandığı teknolojik araçlar da değişime uğramıştır. Günümüzde bir çevirmenden hem ofis yazılımları ve internet araçları gibi temel bilgisayar teknolojilerine hem de makine çevirisi, çeviri belleği sistemleri gibi çeviri amaçlı özel yazılımlara hâkim olmaları beklenmektedir. Bu beklentinin bir sonucu olarak, çeviride bilgi teknolojileri, çeviri eğitiminde de kendisine yer bulan bir konu haline gelmiştir. Ülkemizde ön lisans düzeyinde eğitim veren iki yıllık Uygulamalı İngilizce Çevirmenlik programları da çeviri eğitiminin bir parçasıdır. Bu araştırmanın amacı bilgi teknolojilerinde meydana gelen değişikliklerden etkilenen Uygulamalı İngilizce Çevirmenlik programlarında çeviride bilgi teknolojilerinin konumunu öğretim elemanlarının derslerinde neyi, nerede ve nasıl işledikleri ve öğrencilerini nasıl değerlendirdiklerine dair benimsedikleri yaklaşımlar çerçevesinde betimlemektir. Bu çalışmada öncelikle Uygulamalı İngilizce Çevirmenlik programlarındaki temel bilgi teknolojileri ve çeviride bilgi teknolojileri dersleri doküman analiziyle incelenerek müfredatlar karşılaştırılmış, elde edilen bilgiler ışığında bu programlarda yer alan çeviride bilgi teknolojileri derslerini veren öğretim elemanları ile görüşme yapılarak veri toplanmıştır. Görüşmeler Covid-19 süreci nedeni ile çevrimiçi olarak gerçekleştirilmiş, toplanan veriler çalışmanın kuramsal arka planı ile karşılaştırılarak sınıflandırılmıştır. Veriler betimsel analiz yöntemiyle ele alınarak çalışmanın bulgularına ulaşılmıştır. Bu çalışmanın vardığı sonuç öğretim elemanlarının derslerinde neyi, nasıl anlattığını ve nasıl değerlendirdiğini eğitimcinin akademik ve mesleki arka planı, programdaki öğrencilerin teknoloji ile ilişkisi ve dersin işlendiği mekân ile neden-sonuç ilişkisi içerisinde aktarmasıdır. Bu araştırma ile farklı programlarda yer alan çeviride bilgi teknolojileri dersleri detaylı bir şekilde incelenerek edinilen verilerin bu alanda ders vermek isteyen öğretim elemanlarına bir yol haritası oluşturması umut edilmektedir.
Análisis de satisfacción e impacto social y ambiental de los programas de servicio comunitario de la Universidad Técnica de Cotopaxi
Authors: Ortiz Bustamante Vladimir Marconi , Mantilla Parra Carlos Washington , Moreano Martínez Luis David , Salgado Molina Graciela Noemi
Published: April 2022

Los diferentes programas de vinculación con la sociedad buscan responder a las expectativas y necesidades de la sociedad, generando la satisfacción e impacto positivo en los sectores de intervención, por ello el presente estudio analiza la satisfacción e impacto de los programas de la Universidad Técnica de Cotopaxi, determinándose de esta manera el beneficio que estos generaron y de ser necesario su continuidad o replica en programas como Educomunicación Intercultural, Sostenibilidad administrativa y financiera, de las organizaciones de economía popular y solidaria y de la MPYMES de la provincia de Cotopaxi, Energía y Tecnología al servicio de la Sociedad, Desarrollo de mi tierra, UTC Junto al Pueblo, Programa de Vinculación Centro de emprendimiento. Por lo expuesto, el presente estudio propone un modelo para la evaluación de impacto social y ambiental de los programas de vinculación con la sociedad.
Síndrome de burnout en los profesionales de salud: revisión sistemática
Authors: Ávila Agreda Geannella Carolina , Ramírez Coronel Andrés Alexis , Mesa Cano Isabel Cristina , Serrano Paredes Karina de Lourdes
Published: April 2022

Se realizó una revisión sistemática de 23 artículos científicos, a través de las plataformas de: Pubmed, Scielo, Redalyc, Scopus, Springer, Taylor and Francis, Web of Science, Proquest, y EBSCO, con las palabras clave: “agotamiento psicológico”, “agotamiento profesional” y “personal de salud”, de los últimos 5 años, se encontró en idioma español, inglés y francés. Resultados: en series mundiales el agotamiento en general puede ser hasta del 75%, y de hasta de 50% en despersonalización, agotamiento emocional y baja realización personal, más frecuente en personal de áreas médicas críticas. Los factores de riesgo personales más importantes son la personalidad, comorbilidad clínica y mental, valores morales, cargas emocionales, mientras que los externos son rotación organizacional, perdida de autonomía y sistemas de compensación laboral inequitativas. Las consecuencias del agotamiento del profesional calan en las instancias personales repercutiendo en su salud física, psíquica y de su vida familiar, asi también con implicaciones de costos y de accesibilidad en el sistema de salud y en la satisfacción y seguridad de los pacientes. El diagnostico, orientado por síntomas, es dado por cuestionarios de los cuales el de Maslach es el mas fiable y el de Copenhague. Los enfoques terapéuticos se enfocan en aumentar la autoeficacia y autonomía personal y disminución de carga laboral en el área organizacional.
Percepción de los estudiantes universitarios sobre el proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje en la virtualidad
Authors: León Monar Patricia De Lourdes , Quizhpe Baculima Víctor Hugo , Borja Borja Carmita Galudth , Alarcón Quinatoa Gina Jaqueline
Published: April 2022

El presente trabajo investigativo se ha desarrollado para conocer la percepción de los estudiantes universitarios sobre el proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje en la virtualidad en la Carrera de Mercadotecnia de la Universidad Estatal de Bolívar. La investigación tiene un alcance descriptivo, con un enfoque cuali–cuantitativo. Los hallazgos más significativos son: El 58,3% de los encuestados volverían voluntariamente a clases presenciales, siendo en general la principal preocupación con el 46,8% el temor a contagiarse de Covid19 y sus variantes; sin embargo, la mayoría de encuestados equivalentes al 42,5% prefiere continuar con clases en línea principalmente por prevenir contagios, estudiar y trabajar a la vez y por condiciones económicas. En cuanto a la experiencia de las clases virtuales manifiestan: el 57,5% que la universidad se ha adaptado adecuadamente a la virtualidad; mientras el 55,1% está de acuerdo que las clases en línea mantienen el nivel de calidad que recibían en la presencialidad; el 44,1% califica como buena la metodología de enseñanza aprendizaje empleada por los docentes; el 69,8% concuerdan que el aprendizaje ha sido significativo en la modalidad en línea o virtual, sin embargo, el 75,4% refiere como principal dificultad la conectividad a internet; el 69,3% considera que tendrá déficit en su formación y aprendizaje actual en comparación con promociones anteriores de la carrera, pero, el 59,8% aprecia que su calificación promedio a tenido un impacto positivo. Por otro lado, en cuanto a la satisfacción de los estudiantes, la mayoría de encuestados concuerdan favorablemente que la modalidad virtual le ha permitido desarrollar sus destrezas y habilidades intelectuales, cubriendo sus expectativas de la carrera, manteniendo la calidad de la educación y su rendimiento académico, además, perciben que se han incrementado las oportunidades laborales para los profesionales en Marketing o Mercadotecnia a raíz de la pandemia. Finalmente, las conclusiones más relevantes son: El proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje en la línea o virtual ha sido significativo para el estudiantado, donde las Instituciones de Educación Superior deben responder a los nuevos requerimientos bajo la disposiciones y normativas vigente, involucrando el valioso accionar docente para generar experiencias redituables y relevantes con los estudiantes.
Fatiga por compasión en personal sanitario de un servicio oncológico
Authors: Idrovo Regalado Eugenio Xavier , Martínez Suárez Pedro
Published: April 2022

La fatiga por compasión es una manera equivoca de afrontar el estrés crónico, la cual es provocada por un desgaste emocional debido a la constante atención a personas que sufren un malestar ya sea médico o psicológico. De esta manera, la presente investigación busca describir las apreciaciones que tiene el personal de la salud en relación a la fatiga por compasión. Este estudio tuvo un diseño cualitativo, de tipo descriptivo y con una cohorte transversal, en donde mediante un “Focus Group”, se realizó una entrevista grupal destinada a diversos profesionales de la salud que tienen una relación directa con el tema. Entre los participantes tuvimos un médico gastroenterólogo, el cual mostro la relación que se tiene entre los estados de ánimo y los estados fisiológicos; una psicóloga general, la cual describió los efectos que pueden generar estrés en los individuos; un psicólogo organizacional, quien mostro los efectos entre el aspecto laboral y personal y una enfermera que trabaja con pacientes con cáncer, la cual indicaba la relación paciente-personal sanitario. En este sentido fatiga por compasión es un tipo de estrés que afecta de forma principal a los trabajadores de la salud, pero también se encuentran afectados otro tipo de personal como es el administrativo, psicólogos o aquel relacionado con situaciones de riesgo. Sus consecuencias son similares a las del estrés post traumático y se diferencia del burnout debido a que las personas que lo padecen tienen alta empatía con los pacientes y una alta realización personal.
Nuevo modelo de aprendizaje: Modalidad híbrida en la educación superior
Authors: Yacchirema Taraguay Iván Marcelo , Quizhpe Baculima Víctor Hugo , Alarcón Quinatoa Gina Jaqueline , Barragán Quizhpe Christian Fernando
Published: April 2022

El presente trabajo investigativo analiza el nuevo modelo de aprendizaje: Modalidad Híbrida en la Educación Superior, el cual tiene como objetivo determinar la importancia de esta modalidad que radica en la mayor accesibilidad y flexibilidad del aprendizaje - enseñanzas, teniendo como iniciativa la autoeducación, la guía docente y el uso de las diferentes herramientas digitales. La sustentación de la investigación se basó en la realización de una encuesta a 222 estudiantes de dos carreras, la carrera de Mercadotecnia y la carrera de Administración de Empresas de la Facultad de Ciencias Administrativas, Gestión Empresarial e Informática de la Universidad Estatal de Bolívar, donde la mayoría de estudiantes con un  83,3% están de acuerdo en ser partícipes de nuevas modalidades de estudio entre ellas con el 44.6 % de los estudiantes encuestados expresan su deseo de continuar sus estudios y seguir educándose bajo una nueva modalidad, la Híbrida, que es una mescla de un sistema de educación presencial, virtual y semi presencial, lo que les permitirán tener accesibilidad de compartir tiempo con la familia, el buscar un trabajo y seguir estudiando a la vez. La modalidad hibrida en la educación superior se plantea como una alternativa de estudio y es ahí donde las Instituciones de Educación Superior encuentran un reto significativo debido a que se debe planificar los ambientes de aprendizaje, los métodos de enseñanza y pasar de una modalidad presencial a una modalidad híbrida.
Complications in adolescent pregnancy: bibliographic review
Authors: González Peñafiel Erika Ximena , Mesa-Cano Isabel Cristina , Ramírez-Coronel Andrés Alexis , Quito Peralta Jenniffer Nataly
Published: April 2022

Pregnancy has a profound effect on adolescence, since it brings about a total change in the trajectory of women's lives. It can lead to situations of high obstetric risk, becoming a public health problem of great importance with a high biological and psychosocial cost. Objective: To examine the frequent complications of pregnancy in adolescents. Methodology: The research design is bibliographic; with the purpose of obtaining a notable scientific base that contributes to the information, an organized exploration of original articles was carried out through different digital databases such as: Google Scholar, PubMed, SciELO, Scopus, Web of Sciencie using the keywords: complications, adolescence and pregnancy, with a maximum age of 5 years and without language limitations. The search strategies used were based on the following search criteria: "adolescent pregnancy", "complications of adolescent pregnancy" and "adolescent pregnancy complications", in order to identify, select and refer to the sources which, in the most summarized manner, could be used to explain this topic. Results: Various analyses mentioned above indicate that obstetric complications in adolescents translate into health, labor, economic and educational terms in developing countries and among less favored social classes. Conclusions: It is vitally important to address this problem to increase prevention and promotion programs in order to improve their sexual and reproductive health.