bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Energized neutral effects on corrugated gas supply lines
Authors: Davis Kevin R , Shuttlesworth Michael
Published: September 2017

In the course of performing fire investigations, it is not uncommon to encounter a fire where the ignition source is identified as electrical in nature. Furthermore, we have all likely encountered a situation where the fire occurred as a result of the neutral circuit being energized (short circuited to line potential). This article will share what occurred during one particular instance where a home owner witnessed and photographed an energized neutral event. Fortunately, a fire did not occur, but easily could have. The home owner photographed the gas appliance connector connected to a water heater that was glowing red hot during the event. It is the intent of this article to share the particulars of this case and explore the effects of an energized neutral circuit as it relates to current flow in a gas appliance connector. The energized neutral circuit was witnessed and documented by the home owner. The glowing gas appliance connector was a real event, not theoretical or staged. The glowing gas appliance connector did not result in a fire; however, it did raise questions regarding the current carrying capability of the gas appliance connector and what level of surface temperatures resulted from the current flow through the short section of gas line. The energized gas appliance connector was duplicated in the lab. The external surface temperature of the gas appliance connector was measured at various current levels and documented.
Comparison Between Thromboelastography and Conventional Coagulation Tests in Surgical Patients With Localized Prostate Cancer
Authors: Wang Zhengwei , Li Jing , Cao Qingwei , Wang Lei , Shan Fengzhi , Zhang Houyi
Published: September 2017

We aimed to examine hypercoagulable and hypocoagulable conditions in patients with prostate cancer using thromboelastography (TEG) and correlate TEG parameters with conventional coagulation test. The t test was used for comparing TEG parameters and routine coagulation results. Spearman rank-order correlation was used to describe the relationship of TEG and conventional tests. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive values, and negative predictive values were determined for bleeding and thrombosis. Totally, 20 patients had active bleeding postoperatively, 16 of whom showed hypocoagulation on TEG test and 9 of whom showed hypocoagulation by routine coagulation test ( P = .024). Overall, 60 patients did not have active bleeding postoperatively, 51 of whom showed hypercoagulation detected by TEG test and 42 of whom showed hypercoagulation found by routine coagulation test ( P = .040). Remarkably, patients had a little higher fibrinogen (FIB) compared to controls. There was no statistical difference in any of the conventional coagulation indexes between the groups. Correlation analysis showed that reaction time (R) and coagulation time (K) were positively correlated with the prothrombin time–international normalized ratio (PT-INR) and negatively correlated with FIB ( P < .001). Contrarily, α-angle and maximum amplitude (MA) were negatively correlated with PT-INR but positively correlated with FIB. Significantly, MA showed the strongest correlation with FIB and R exhibited the strongest correlation with PT-INR. Sensitivity and specificity for bleeding and thrombosis in TEG were higher than those in conventional coagulation test. Accordingly, TEG might be superior in evaluating hypercoagulation and detecting the risk of bleeding in patients with prostate cancer.
Cognitive components of foreign word stress processing difficulty in speakers of a native language with non-contrastive stress
Authors: Honbolygó Ferenc , Kóbor Andrea , Csépe Valéria
Published: September 2017

Objectives:

Stress “deafness” is a difficulty in the detection of stress pattern changes of second language (L2) words. This study investigated the influence of cognitive factors and L2 proficiency on the processing of L2 stress.

Methodology:

Fifty-four native speakers of Hungarian, a language with non-contrastive stress, participated in the study; the participants were categorized as not speaking German or having a proficiency at the intermediate or advanced level. They had to recall sequences with increasing length consisting of German pseudowords that differed in either their phonemes (phoneme task) or stress patterns (stress task). Cognitive factors measured included working memory, phonological awareness and inhibitory control.

Data and Analysis:

The accuracy data obtained in the sequence recall task was analysed with generalized linear mixed modelling. Two separate analyses were performed to investigate the presence of stress “deafness” and the effect of cognitive factors.

Findings:

Results showed that the stress task led to lower performance than the phoneme task, irrespective of L2 proficiency. Furthermore, the analysis showed different cognitive factors contributing to the performance in the tasks: in the phoneme task, it was working memory, phonological awareness and inhibitory control, while in the stress task, it was only working memory and phonological awareness but not the inhibitory control.

Originality:

This is the first study to provide evidence about the cognitive background of the stress “deafness” effect, and to suggest the differential role of inhibitory control in phoneme and stress processing.

Implications:

These findings demonstrate the robustness of the stress “deafness” effect in a language with non-contrastive stress, provide evidence of the effect being independent of L2 proficiency and suggest that speakers of languages with non-contrastive stress do not have the necessary cognitive basis to form accurate L2 stress representations.
Making sense of polysemy relations in first and second language speakers of English
Authors: Crossley Scott A , Skalicky Stephen
Published: September 2017

The aim of this study is to compare priming effects for polysemous word senses among English first language (L1) and advanced second language (L2) speakers in order to better understand the development of the mental lexicon. Using polysemy values from WordNet, a lexical decision task was designed with three different target word conditions: dominant polysemy (i.e., closely related senses), subordinate polysemy (i.e., distantly related senses), and unrelated words. Participants first saw a prime word and then selected whether a subsequent target word was a valid English word or not. For example, SURVEY was followed by STUDY (dominant polsysemy) or VIEW (subordinate polysemy) or FLASH (unrelated) or SMOO (nonword). Forty-one L1 speakers and 45 advanced L2 speakers each completed 120 decisions. Results from linear mixed effects models suggest dominant senses were responded to significantly faster than unrelated senses ( t = −3.119, p = .002, marginal R2 = .066) for L1 participants, but there were no other significant differences among word conditions. No significant priming effects were found for L2 participants. These results suggest that, unlike other lexical relations, advanced L2 speakers do not form similar connections in the bilingual lexicon when compared to L1 speakers.
Bringing green food to the Chinese table: How civil society actors are changing consumer culture in China
Authors: Leggett Angela
Published: September 2017

Environmental and health effects of China’s rapid economic growth since the 1980s have been especially tangible in the food sector, with ‘green’ products emerging as alternatives for consumption networks wishing to avoid ‘conventional’ foods produced using chemicals. Despite state support for increased sustainability in large-scale farming over the past decade, formal institutional voids remain, with regard to consumer trust and small-scale farmers. Green food consumption is increasing in China, as civil society actors work to fill voids and promote green purchasing behaviour. In this article, I investigate how civil society organisations are changing Chinese consumer culture around green food through two stages of empirical research. Qualitative content analysis of microblogs of four Chinese environmental non-governmental organisations was conducted in 2013, and insights were further explored through fieldwork interviews and participant observation in Beijing during 2016. Responding to previous consumer behaviour studies which over-emphasise individual rationality, marginalising contextual and collective aspects, this analysis adopts Bajde’s enrichment of Consumer Culture Theory with Actor Network Theory to explore microelements and macroelements, their interrelations and processes of change. Based on co-production of subject and object within Consumer Culture Theory with Actor Network Theory, this study analyses engagement with and re/creation of materials, discourse and social meanings by green food consumption networks, including non-governmental organisations, farmers, retailers and consumers. Although findings reflect particularities of the Beijing cultural context, themes parallel wider phenomena at the national and international levels.
Discrepant Views of Oncologists and Cancer Patients on Complementary and Alternative Medicine in a Chinese General Hospital
Authors: Yang Geliang , Zhang Huiqing , Gan Zheng , Fan Yifu , Gu Wei , Ling Changquan
Published: September 2017

Purpose: Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) has been widely used by cancer patients but rarely discussed by oncologists. This study was designed to evaluate the communication gap between China’s oncologists and cancer patients on CAM. Methods: Two parallel cross-sectional studies assessed 83 oncologists and 402 cancer patients on CAM communication between patients and oncologists, and attitudes toward CAM use and clinical decisions about CAM. Results: A majority (75.1%) of the cancer patients (302/402) were identified as CAM users within the most recent three months while 77.6% of the cancer patients (312/402) were identified as CAM users since diagnosis of cancer. Oncologists and patients responded differently ( P < .001) on CAM communications. Both oncologists and patients expected that CAM could improve the immune system. They both agreed that oncologists usually discouraged their patients from using CAM. Regarding the effectiveness of CAM, cancer patients were more likely to believe that CAM was effective while oncologists had more concerns about adverse effects of CAM use. CAM use by patients was predicted by disease duration (≥9 months) in the multivariable logistic regression model. Conclusion: China’s oncologists and cancer patients may hold discrepant views on CAM. China’s oncologists are encouraged to improve their knowledge on CAM and to initiate more discussions with their patients regarding effective and the safe use of CAM.
What’s new about Leadership-as-Practice?
Authors: Collinson Margaret
Published: September 2017

It appears that leadership studies is now in the throes of a ‘new movement’, one that, according to its leading exponent, is ‘destined to shake the foundations of the very meaning of leadership in the worlds of both theory and practice’ (Raelin, 2016b : 1). This ‘leading questions’ article questions three of Raelin’s central claims for this Leadership-as-Practice perspective namely that this approach supersedes other post-heroic perspectives, constitutes a distinct ‘movement’ and is more radical than critical leadership studies. Arguing that these claims are excessive and have little or no substantial supporting evidence, I suggest that Leadership-as-Practice is better seen as one variant of post-heroic leadership. Furthermore, I contend that the primary weakness of Leadership-as-Practice is its continued lack of critical engagement, particularly in relation to its neglect of asymmetrical power relations and control practices in all their multiple forms.
How to Map Theory: Reliable Methods Are Fruitless Without Rigorous Theory
Authors: Gray Kurt
Published: September 2017

Good science requires both reliable methods and rigorous theory. Theory allows us to build a unified structure of knowledge, to connect the dots of individual studies and reveal the bigger picture. Some have criticized the proliferation of pet “Theories,” but generic “theory” is essential to healthy science, because questions of theory are ultimately those of validity. Although reliable methods and rigorous theory are synergistic, Action Identification suggests psychological tension between them: The more we focus on methodological details, the less we notice the broader connections. Therefore, psychology needs to supplement training in methods (how to design studies and analyze data) with training in theory (how to connect studies and synthesize ideas). This article provides a technique for visually outlining theory: theory mapping. Theory mapping contains five elements, which are illustrated with moral judgment and with cars. Also included are 15 additional theory maps provided by experts in emotion, culture, priming, power, stress, ideology, morality, marketing, decision-making, and more (see all at theorymaps.org ). Theory mapping provides both precision and synthesis, which helps to resolve arguments, prevent redundancies, assess the theoretical contribution of papers, and evaluate the likelihood of surprising effects.
The PRE-hospital Stroke Treatment Organization
Authors: Audebert Heinrich , Fassbender Klaus , Hussain M Shazam , Ebinger Martin , Turc Guillaume , Uchino Ken , Davis Stephen , Alexandrov Anne , Grotta James
Published: September 2017

Background

The PRE-hospital Stroke Treatment Organization was formed in 2016 as an international consortium of medical practitioners involved in pre-hospital treatment of patients with acute stroke.

Aims

PRE-hospital Stroke Treatment Organization’s mission is to improve stroke outcomes by supporting research and advocacy for pre-hospital stroke treatment in Mobile Stroke Units. PRE-hospital Stroke Treatment Organization will provide a platform to enhance collaborative research across the spectrum of acute stroke management in the pre-hospital setting. PRE-hospital Stroke Treatment Organization will also facilitate the appropriate proliferation and distribution of Mobile Stroke Units by providing a forum for professional communication, resource for public education, and stimulus for government, industry, and philanthropic support.

Summary of review

In this “white paper”, we describe the evidence supporting pre-hospital stroke treatment, progress to date, practical issues such as application in various environments and staffing, planned research initiatives, and organizational structure.

Conclusions

PRE-hospital Stroke Treatment Organization is not-for-profit, with membership open to anyone involved (or hoping to become involved) in pre-hospital stroke care. PRE-hospital Stroke Treatment Organization has a Steering Committee comprised of members from Europe, U.S., Canada, Australia, and other regions having a Mobile Stroke Unit in operation. PRE-hospital Stroke Treatment Organization convenes satellite meetings for membership at the International Stroke Conference and European Stroke Congress each year to address the PRE-hospital Stroke Treatment Organization mission. The first research collaborations agreed upon are to: (1) develop a list of common data elements to be collected by all Mobile Stroke Unit programs and entered into a common research database, and (2) develop a protocol for investigating the natural history of hyper-acute Intracerebral Hemorrhage.
Restoration of active pick-up function in patients with total brachial plexus avulsion injuries
Authors: Li Feng , Wang Shu-feng , Li Peng-cheng , Xue Yun-hao , Zou Ji-yao , Li Wen-jun
Published: September 2017

We designed multiple nerve transfers in one surgery to restore active pick-up function in patients with total brachial plexus avulsion injuries. Forty patients with total brachial plexus avulsion injuries first underwent multiple nerve transfers. These included transfer of the accessory nerve onto the suprascapular nerve to recover shoulder abduction, contralateral C7 nerve onto the lower trunk via the modified prespinal route with direct coaptation to restore lower trunk function and onto the musculocutaneous nerve with interpositional bridging by medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve arising from lower trunk to restore elbow flexion, and the phrenic nerve onto the posterior division of lower trunk to recover elbow and finger extension. At least three years after surgery, the patients who had a meaningful recovery were selected to perform secondary reconstruction to restore active pick-up function. Active pick-up function was successfully restored in ten patients after they underwent multiple nerve transfers combined with additional secondary functional hand reconstructions.

Level of evidence: IV
Relationship between engagement and level of functional status in older adults
Authors: Dombrowsky Thomas A
Published: September 2017

Functional status is an important component of quality of life for older adults and for their caregivers. Factors associated with level of functional status include age, comorbidity, cognitive status, depression, social support, and activity. Of the types of activity linked with functional status, the strongest evidence is for physical exercise, with weaker evidence for social and productive activity. Engagement is a construct including motivation, commitment, and participation.

Objective:

The objective of this study was to determine whether or not engagement is associated with level of functional status after controlling for age, comorbidity, and depression among older adults.

Methods:

In all, 92 older adults were recruited from senior living centers and a university-based senior exercise group. The main independent variable was engagement. Other independent variables were age, comorbidity, and depression. The dependent variable was level of functional status. Two different measures of level of functional status were used: the Katz Activities of Daily Living Index and the Lawton–Brody Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale.

Results:

Engagement was a significant predictor of Lawton–Brody Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale level of function in the Lawton–Brody model (odds ratio: 1.147 (1.011–1.302)) and age was a significant negative predictor (odds ratio: 0.838 (0.769–0.914)). There were no significant predictors in the Katz model.

Conclusion:

Engagement is a significant predictor of perfect Lawton–Brody Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale score after controlling for age, comorbidity, and depression. Health-care professionals should consider including engagement in their assessment of older clients, whether using formal instruments such as the Engagement with Meaningful Activity Survey or assessing informally.
Dexmedetomidine provides less body motion and respiratory depression during sedation in double-balloon enteroscopy than midazolam
Authors: Oshima Hiroshi , Nakamura Masanao , Watanabe Osamu , Yamamura Takeshi , Funasaka Kohei , Ohno Eizaburo , Kawashima Hiroki , Miyahara Ryoji , Goto Hidemi , Hirooka Yoshiki
Published: September 2017

Objectives:

Patients undergoing double-balloon enteroscopy require sedatives such as midazolam; however, patient’s body motion often hampers the outcome of double-balloon enteroscopy. Recently, dexmedetomidine has been used for endoscopic sedation and was reported to effectively reduce body motion. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of sedation with dexmedetomidine in double-balloon enteroscopy (UMIN ID000015785).

Methods:

A prospective, observational study was conducted in 81 patients who underwent 111 double-balloon enteroscopy from July to December 2015 (dexmedetomidine group). The medical records of 112 patients who underwent 166 double-balloon enteroscopy with midazolam and pentazocine sedation from January 1 to October 31, 2014, were used for comparison (midazolam group). After propensity score matching, 182 double-balloon enteroscopy (91 double-balloon enteroscopy for each group) were analyzed.

Results:

There were 13 cases (11.7%) with body movements in the dexmedetomidine group. Comparison of the two groups matched by propensity score showed that the dexmedetomidine group had less body movement (12.1% vs 34.1%, p = 0.001) and less respiratory depression (50.5% vs 68.1%, p = 0.023). Hypotension (8.8% vs 4.4%, p = 0.232) and bradycardia (2.2% vs 0%, p = 0.497) were not significantly different in the two groups.

Conclusion:

Using dexmedetomidine for conscious sedation can reduce body motion and respiratory depression compared to our previous records.
High-dose levothyroxine for the management of bipolar affective disorder: two case reports
Authors: Zamar Andy , Warrya Gurvinder , Kouimtsidis Christos
Published: September 2017

In this article, we report two cases from our centre: case A has the longest recovery period and case B is one of the most complex from a diagnostic and management perspective, highlighting how treatment resistance can be overcome depending on patient response and needs.
Which symptoms contribute the most to patients’ perception of health in multiple sclerosis?
Authors: Green Rivka , Cutter Gary , Friendly Michael , Kister Ilya
Published: September 2017

Background

Multiple sclerosis is a polysymptomatic disease. Little is known about relative contributions of the different multiple sclerosis symptoms to self-perception of health.

Objectives

To investigate the relationship between symptom severity in 11 domains affected by multiple sclerosis and self-rated health.

Methods

Multiple sclerosis patients in two multiple sclerosis centers assessed self-rated health with a validated instrument and symptom burden with symptoMScreen, a validated battery of Likert scales for 11 domains commonly affected by multiple sclerosis. Pearson correlations and multivariate linear regressions were used to investigate the relationship between symptoMScreen scores and self-rated health.

Results

Among 1865 multiple sclerosis outpatients (68% women, 78% with relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis, mean age 46.38 ± 12.47 years, disease duration 13.43 ± 10.04 years), average self-rated health score was 2.30 (‘moderate to good’). Symptom burden (composite symptoMScreen score) highly correlated with self-rated health ( r = 0.68, P < 0.0001) as did each of the symptoMScreen domain subscores. In regression analysis, pain ( t = 7.00), ambulation ( t = 6.91), and fatigue ( t = 5.85) contributed the highest amount of variance in self-rated health ( P < 0.001).

Conclusions

Pain contributed the most to multiple sclerosis outpatients’ perception of health, followed by gait dysfunction and fatigue. These findings suggest that ‘invisible disability’ may be more important to patients’ sense of wellbeing than physical disability, and challenge the notion that physical disability should be the primary outcome measure in multiple sclerosis.
Impact of Baseline Magnetic Resonance Imaging on Neurologic, Functional, and Safety Outcomes in Patients With Acute Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: Kurpad Shekar , Martin Allan R. , Tetreault Lindsay A. , Fischer Dena J. , Skelly Andrea C. , Mikulis David , Flanders Adam , Aarabi Bizhan , Mroz Thomas E. , Tsai Eve C. , Fehlings Michael G.
Published: September 2017

Study Design:

Systematic review.

Objective:

To perform a systematic review to evaluate the utility of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with acute spinal cord injury (SCI).

Methods:

An electronic search of Medline, EMBASE, the Cochrane Collaboration Library, and Google Scholar was conducted for literature published through May 12, 2015, to answer key questions associated with the use of MRI in patients with acute SCI.

Results:

The literature search yielded 796 potentially relevant citations, 8 of which were included in this review. One study used MRI in a protocol to decide on early surgical decompression. The MRI-protocol group showed improved outcomes; however, the quality of evidence was deemed very low due to selection bias. Seven studies reported MRI predictors of neurologic or functional outcomes. There was moderate-quality evidence that longer intramedullary hemorrhage (2 studies) and low-quality evidence that smaller spinal canal diameter at the location of maximal spinal cord compression and the presence of cord swelling are associated with poor neurologic recovery. There was moderate-quality evidence that clinical outcomes are not predicted by SCI lesion length and the presence of cord edema.

Conclusions:

Certain MRI characteristics appear to be predictive of outcomes in acute SCI, including length of intramedullary hemorrhage (moderate-quality evidence), canal diameter at maximal spinal cord compression (low-quality evidence), and spinal cord swelling (low-quality evidence). Other imaging features were either inconsistently (presence of hemorrhage, maximal canal compromise, and edema length) or not associated with outcomes. The paucity of literature highlights the need for well-designed prospective studies.
Factors impacting perceived safety among staff working on mental
health wards
Authors: Haines Alina , Brown Andrew , McCabe Rhiannah , Rogerson Michelle , Whittington Richard
Published: September 2017

Background

Safety at work is a core issue for mental health staff working on
in-patient units. At present, there is a limited theoretical base
regarding which factors may affect staff perceptions of safety.

Aims

This study attempted to identify which factors affect perceived staff
safety working on in-patient mental health wards.

Method

A cross-sectional design was employed across 101 forensic and
non-forensic mental health wards, over seven National Health Service
trusts nationally. Measures included an online staff survey, Ward
Features Checklist and recorded incident data. Data were analysed using
categorical principal components analysis and ordinal regression.

Results

Perceptions of staff safety were increased by ward brightness, higher
number of patient beds, lower staff to patient ratios, less dayroom space
and more urban views.

Conclusions

The findings from this study do not represent common-sense assumptions.
Results are discussed in the context of the literature and may have
implications for current initiatives aimed at managing in-patient
violence and aggression.
Kinetic Study and Optimization of Dehydration of Dimethyl Amino Ethyl Azide (DMAZ) Using Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Pakdehi Shahram Ghanbari , Babaee Saeed , Azizi Hamid Reza
Published: September 2017

This research highlights the dehydration of dimethyl amino ethyl azide (DMAZ), parametric optimization, and describes equilibrium and kinetics of water adsorption on 3A sieves. Central composite design (CCD) was successfully employed for experimental design and analysis of the results. It was indicated that the optimum adsorption capacity (191.3 mg/g) was obtained at contact time = 150 min, liquid/solid ratio = 10:1, initial concentration of water = 3 wt% and agitating rate = 150 rpm. Langmuir-Freundlich and intra-particle diffusion models were appropriate to describe isotherms and kinetics of dehydration, respectively. Thermal stability and regeneration behavior of the adsorbent were investigated using XRD and TGA/DSC methods. It was revealed that the best regeneration occurred in the range of 250–300 °C and the zeolite structure was stable up to 400 °C. Also, the thermal analysis verified that DMAZ molecules cannot diffuse into the aforementioned zeolite pores.
Comparison of panoramic radiography and cone beam CT in the assessment of juxta-apical radiolucency
Authors: Nascimento Eduarda Helena Leandro , Oenning Anne Caroline Costa , Freire Bernardo Barbosa , Gaêta-Araujo Hugo , Haiter-Neto Francisco , Freitas Deborah Queiroz
Published: September 2017

Objectives:

To compare the performance of panoramic radiography (PAN) and cone beam CT (CBCT) in the detection of juxta-apical radiolucency (JAR), as well as to investigate, in CBCT images, if there are factors associated with the detection of JAR on PAN.

Methods:

Two oral radiologists assessed the presence of JAR in PAN and CBCT images of 175 individuals (308 mandibular third molars). The cortical plates involvement and the JAR size and location were assessed on CBCT to evaluate if these factors were related to JAR detection on PAN. McNemar’s test and multiple logistic regression were performed.

Results:

PAN and CBCT differed significantly in the detection of JAR (p = 0.001). On PAN, JAR was identified on 24% of the patients while on CBCT its detection increased to 32.6%. JAR was detected only on CBCT and only on PAN in 26 and 7 cases, respectively. Distal/mesial surfaces of dental roots were where JAR was mostly located (84.5%), cortical thinning was found in 59.2% of cases and the mean (SD) of JAR size was 5.03 (±1.8) mm. However, these factors were not associated with JAR detection on PAN (p > 0.05). On the other hand, the location of the cortical involvement (if buccal or lingual) was associated with JAR detection on PAN, which was more detectable when the thinning was on buccal cortical.

Conclusions:

Juxta-apical radiolucency is more often detected on CBCT than on PAN. JAR detection on PAN was improved when it was related to the buccal cortical plate of the mandible.
A CASE OF DIAGNOSTIC OF THE TRAUMATIC DIAPHRAGMATIC HERNIA DESGUISED AS PLEURISY
Authors: Войцеховский Валерий , Voytsekhovskiy Valeriy , Аникин Сергей , Anikin Sergey , Гоборов Николай , Goborov Nikolay , Яновой Валерий , Yanovoy Valeriy , Брегадзе Евгений , Bregadze Evgeniy , Глущенко Виктория , Gluschenko Viktoriya , Хаткеев Вячеслав , Hatkeev Vyacheslav
Published: September 2017

The article presents the literary overview dedicated to the diaphragmatic hernias. As an example, a case of the traumatic diaphragmatic hernia with the clinical picture of the pleurisy was described. The thoracoabdominal knife injury of the diaphragm was the feasible reason of this hernia. In this case, a long asymptomatic course of the disease with some gastroenterological symptoms was the reason for the early diagnostics not to be performed. Firstly, the patient was hospitalized to the pulmonology department because of the pleurisy-like clinical picture of his case. A diaphragmatic hernia was found only after examination of the patient. A laparoscopic operation failed and the patient was successfully treated by the surgery.
BENIGN UTERUS CANCER WITH LUNG METASTASES: LEIOMYOMATOSIS, LYMPHANGIOLEIMYOMATOSIS, THORACIC ENDOMETRIOSIS (LITERATURE REVIEW, PERSONAL CLINCIAL OBSERVATIONS)
Authors: Леншин Анатолий , Lenshin Anatoliy , Ильин Андрей , Il'in Andrey , Демура Ольга , Demura Ol'ga , Крайнов Сергей , Kraynov Sergey , Побережский Алексей , Poberezhskiy Aleksey
Published: September 2017

Own clinical observations of rare pulmonary diseases related to the uterus pathology are presented. These observations reflect clinical-roentgenologic features of benign uterus leiomyoma with lung metastases, lymphangioleiomyomatosis and thoracic endometriosis. The description of three different diseases in one report is conditioned by the fact that they all have one and the same lesion of metastases, i.e. hormonally active uterus in women of reproductive age. Though these diseases are different, but they demand differential diagnostics both between each other and other disseminated pulmonary diseases. This work demonstrates the possibilities of application of multispiral computed tomography with postprocessing imaging. A lot of attention is paid to roentgen semiotics of pulmonary changes typical for each of these diseases.
Life complex increase of all groups of compressor blades of a turbo-shaft gas turbine engine on the basis of a functionally-directed approach
Authors: Михайлов Александр , Mikhailov Alexander , Байков А. , Baykov A. , Михайлов В. , Mikhailov V.
Published: September 2017

The analysis of peculiarities in compressor blade operation of the turbo-shaft gas turbine engine is carried out. At the same time the compressor blade structuring into groups is carried and it is shown that structural groups of blades operate under different conditions of operation. It is defined, that different structural groups of compressor blades have their own definite peculiarities of operation and erosion wear. It is shown, that the erosion wear of all groups of compressor blades may be characterized by irregularities of three kinds. In the paper a general approach to life increase of all groups of compressor blades in a helicopter gas turbine engine is offered.
Using Multifactorial Experiments For Comparative Effectiveness Research in
Physician Practices with Electronic Health Records
Authors: Zurovac Jelena , Moreno Lorenzo , Crosson Jesse , Brown Randall , Schmitz Robert
Published: September 2017

Two key challenges related to conducting comparative effectiveness research are
the lack of available data and the lack of rigorous techniques for efficiently and
quickly testing the effectiveness of the many possible ways of implementing components
of care. The confluence of two things offers the promise of overcoming these challenges:
(1) the increased adoption of electronic health records (EHRs), which can provide easier
access to clinical information, and (2) burgeoning appreciation for an under-used but
powerful statistical research and evaluation method for multifactor interventions known
as multifactor experimental design.The use of multifactorial experiments paired with EHR
data has great potential to help providers conduct rapid-cycle comparative effectiveness
research and examine alternative ways of implementing care. Its power is its ability to
enable scientifically rigorous testing of many facets of care provision simultaneously
in real-world settings where change is ongoing.In this paper, we identify the
opportunities for using efficient multifactorial designs and EHR data to evaluate
quality-improvement efforts in physician practices. We illustrate the power of
multifactorial designs through several examples relevant to physician practices with
EHRs, such as evaluating clinical decision support features and studying components of a
patient-centered medical home.
Creating a Connected Community: Lessons Learned from the Western New York Beacon
Community
Authors: Maloney Nancy , Heider Arvela R , Rockwood Amy , Singh Ranjit
Published: September 2017

Introduction: Secure exchange of clinical data among providers has the potential
to improve quality, safety, efficiency, and reduce duplication. Many communities are
experiencing challenges in building effective health information exchanges (HIEs).
Previous studies have focused on financial and technical issues regarding HIE
development. This paper describes the Western New York (WNY) HIE growth and lessons
learned about accelerating progress to become a highly connected
community.Methods: HEALTHeLINK, with funding from the Office of the National Coordinator
for Health Information Technology (ONC) under the Beacon Community Program, expanded HIE
usage in eight counties. The communitywide transformation process used three main
drivers: (1) a communitywide Electronic Health Record (EHR) adoption program; (2)
clinical transformation partners; and (3) HIE outreach and infrastructure
development.Results: ONC Beacon Community funding allowed WNY to achieve a new level in
the use of interoperable HIE. Electronic delivery of results into the EHR expanded from
23 practices in 2010 to 222 practices in 2013, a tenfold increase. There were more than
12.5 million results delivered electronically (HL7 messages) to 222 practices’ EHRs via
the HIE in 2013. Use of a secure portal and Virtual Health Record (VHR) to access
reports (those not delivered directly to the EHR) also increased significantly, from
13,344 report views in 2010 to over 600,000 in 2013.Discussion and Conclusion: The WNY
Beacon successfully expanded the sharing of clinical information among different sources
of data and providers, creating a highly connected community to improve the quality and
continuity of care. Technical, organizational, and community lessons described in this
paper should prove beneficial to others as they pursue efforts to create connected
communities.
Politicizing the site of fashion: Conversations with designing women in Dhaka
Authors: Chowdhury Elora Halim
Published: September 2017

Fashion and consumption are culturally coded ways through which systems of class reinscribe and reproduce legitimacy by articulating, regulating and monitoring hierarchies of culture, class and consumption. Fashion and clothing are not only about presentation, they are also the means by which identities and power relations are produced and contested in local-translocal-global spaces. In this article based on ethnographic research, I discuss how fashion entrepreneurs in Dhaka, Bangladesh, are engaged in (re)articulating social and class relations through fashion. They do this by claiming a local and authentic fashion against a hybridized transnational trend. At the same time, dominant modes of fashion are challenged and reappropriated, giving way to negotiations in power dynamics. In this site of cultural production fashion is a fluid system where agency and subjectivity are actively negotiated.
Dress and the Public, Private and Secret Self Model during emerging adulthood
Authors: Miller-Spillman Kimberly A. , Lee Min-Young , Huffman Nicole , Yoo Jeong-Ju , Kim Yang-Jin
Published: September 2017

This research is a new application of Dress and the Public, Private and Secret Self (PPSS) Model. From a symbolic interaction theory approach, dress and parts of the self were developed in 1981 and expanded in 1994 from three categories to nine. According to the literature, adolescents use dress in two cells of the PPSS Model while older adults use dress in nine cells. To find out whether there is a different stage of dress between adolescence and older adulthood, this research uses the concept of emerging adulthood (18–25 years) to test the use of dress and levels of the self. A quantitative scale was developed for this purpose since none were found in the literature. A total of 351 questionnaires were analysed and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) ensured the validity of the measure. Data analyses included test of within-subjects effects, a paired sample t-test, mean differences and an independent t-test. Findings from 261 surveys from respondents 18–25 years of age indicate that this sample experienced six cells at an average to above-average level of experience, supporting the hypothesis that differences among age groups on dress and PPSS could result from a maturation process. Implications are discussed for further research.
Virtual corporeality and aesthetic experience
Authors: Sousa Catarina Carneiro de
Published: September 2017

The experience of the body in the Metaverse is not always an experience of the flesh, at least regarding the avatar. Even though virtual experiences can trigger a physical dimension of the senses, these sensations are lived by the body in front of the screen, rather than by the avatar’s body, which may function as an expressive element. The avatar may be crucial in communicating with others (as language) and play a role in the users’ access and interaction with the virtual world (as experience). A tension between language and experience opens up a new and fundamental aesthetic territory in the avatar, demanding a reconfiguration of concepts and processes involved in its creation and embodiment. This article aims to explore how virtual corporeality may emerge from this tension in the manipulation of avatars in Creative Collaborative Virtual Environments (CCVE), what affordances enable this emergence and how it impacts aesthetic and creative experience.
Privates Car-Sharing: Die Deutschen teilen ihr liebstes Kind
Authors: Gossen Maike
Published: September 2017

Der Markt der gemeinsamen Autonutzung boomt. Immer mehr Anbieter betreten das Feld – internetgestützte Peer-to-Peer-Plattformen erleichtern das Leihen und Verleihen von Privat fahrzeugen. Was bewegt die Teilnehmenden zum privaten Autoteilen?
Green Economy
Authors: Dickel Sascha , Petschow Ulrich
Published: September 2017

Einführung in das Schwerpunktthema
Das bedingungslose Grundeinkommen in der Diskussion
Authors: Grossarth-Maticek Ronald , Eurich Johannes
Published: September 2017

Das bedingungslose Grundeinkommen wird kontrovers diskutiert. Die Auswirkungen des Ansatzes erscheinen für den Einzelnen als kaum überschaubar. Bei der Beurteilung von Argumenten kommt es darauf an, dass sie den Einzelnen direkt ansprechen, er sie diskutieren und dazu Stellung beziehen kann.
Biokraftstoffe
Authors: Vogelpohl Thomas , Hirschl Bernd , Dunkelberg Elisa , Dietz Kristina
Published: September 2017

Einführung in das Schwerpunktthema
Ländliche Entwicklung oder Industrialisierung der Landwirtschaft?
Authors: Backhouse Maria , Dietz Kristina
Published: September 2017

In Lateinamerika boomt die Produktion von Rohstoffen für Agrartreibstoffe. Während dies zunächst als eine Win-win-Situation erscheint, zeigt eine genauere Betrachtung, dass dieser Boom mit sozialen und ökologischen Verwerfungen verbunden ist und keine nachhaltige Strategie einer Energiewende für alle darstellt.
Nachhaltiges Management von Nonprofit-Organisationen
Authors: Daub Claus-Heinrich , Scherrer Yvonne M. , Frecè Jan T.
Published: September 2017

Wenn von der Notwendigkeit einer größeren Verantwortung von Organisationen gegenüber ihrer Umwelt die Rede ist, so bezieht sich diese Forderung zumeist ausschließlich auf Wirtschaftsunternehmen. Allerdings sind Nonprofit-Organisationen (NPO) mit ähnlichen Herausforderungen konfrontiert wie gewinnorientierte Unternehmen.
Mechanisms of tail resorption during anuran metamorphosis
Authors: Nakai Yuya , Nakajima Keisuke , Yaoita Yoshio
Published: September 2017

Amphibian metamorphosis has historically attracted a good deal of scientific attention owing to its dramatic nature and easy observability. However, the genetic mechanisms of amphibian metamorphosis have not been thoroughly examined using modern techniques such as gene cloning, DNA sequencing, polymerase chain reaction or genomic editing. Here, we review the current state of knowledge regarding molecular mechanisms underlying tadpole tail resorption.
Association of histological chorioamnionitis and magnesium sulfate treatment in singleton and dichorionic twin pregnancies with preterm premature rupture of membranes: preliminary observations
Authors: O’Brien James M. , Santolaya Jacobo L. , Palomares Kristy , Blitzer David , Santolaya-Forgas Joaquin
Published: September 2017

Objective

To evaluate the possible association between antenatal magnesium sulfate treatment with histological chorioamnionitis in patients with singleton or dichorionic twins that had preterm premature rupture of the membranes.

Methods

This was an observational study performed in patients admitted to the hospital with rupture of membranes before 34 weeks’ gestation. The primary outcome was histological chorioamnionitis and the primary predictor was antenatal magnesium sulfate treatment. A logistic regression model was used without consideration of other antenatal medical treatments.

Results

Among 107 patients with preterm deliveries, 57 were admitted to the hospital before 34 weeks’ gestation with preterm premature rupture of membranes. Fifty-cases were excluded from the analysis because they were admitted after 34 weeks’ gestation, delivered before 24 weeks’ gestation or had intrauterine fetal demise or monochorionic twins. The logistic regression analysis adjusting for maternal age, gravidity, parity, multiple gestation, gestational age at delivery, and birthweight, indicated that patients with singleton pregnancies and histological chorioamnionitis had received magnesium sulfate antenatally more frequently (χ2=6.46; P=0.01). The association between histological chorioamnionitis and magnesium sulfate treatment was not found among patients with dichorionic twin pregnancies with one intact gestational sac.

Conclusions

In this cohort of patients with preterm premature rupture of membranes admitted to the hospital before 34 week’s gestation, those with singleton pregnancies treated antenatally with magnesium sulfate for neonatal neuroprotection had a greater rate of histological chorioamnionitis.
Bronze Age Charioteers of the Eurasian Steppe: A Part-time Occupation for Select Men?
Authors: Kupriyanova Elena , Epimakhov Andrey , Berseneva Natalia , Bersenev Andrey
Published: September 2017

Diese Studie beschäftigt sich mit der Funktion und der Rolle bronzezeitlicher Streitwagen und ihrer Lenker, die aus Grabkontexten des südlichen Ural bekannt sind. Im Focus des Beitrags stehen die Präsentation der Ausgrabungsbefunde eines Gräberfeldes nahe des Dorfes Stepnoye (südlicher Trans-Ural, Sintashta, Petrovka und Alakul ’Kulturen) sowie die Rekonstruktion sozialer Identitäten von Individuen (Geschlecht, Alter, Berufszugehörigkeit), in deren Bestattungen sich entsprechende Attribute fanden.

Die bisherige Forschung ignorierte weitgehend Aspekte der Geschlechts- und Altersidentität sowie anderer sozialer Merkmale jener Personen, die mit dem Lenken solcher Wagen in Verbindung standen. In der vorliegenden Analyse wird auf die Vielfältigkeit der entdeckten „Streitwagen“-Bestattungen hingewiesen sowie auf das Fehlen feststehender Regeln für ihre Anlage. Die hier thematisierten Bestattungen zeichnen sich durch eine große Vielfalt beigegebener Objekte aus. Dazu gehören Waffen, Werkzeuge, Tracht, sowie Artefakte, die mit der Herstellung metallener Gegenstände zu verknüpfen sind. Abweichend von bisherigen stereotypen Deutungsansätzen wird in diesem Beitrag das Wagenlenken als eine zeitlich beschränkte Aktivität einiger, jedoch nicht aller Männer einer sozialen Gemeinschaft angesehen (wobei auch Wangenstücke in Kinder- und Frauengräbern gefunden wurden). Aus archäologischer Sicht lassen sich keine Wagenlenker erkennen, die ausschließlich für den Krieg ausgebildet und in diesem eingesetzt wurden. Abschließend wird auf die Probleme überregionaler Vergleiche verwiesen, da sich die während der Bronzezeit in Europa und in der Uralsteppe nachweisbaren Verteidigungsstrukturen gravierend voneinander unterschieden, basierend auf fundamental voneinander abweichenden ökologischen, ökonomischen und sozialen Strukturen.
Technological and provenance analyses of the South-eastern Urnfield cultures pottery from the sites of Cinobaňa and Málinec (Poltár region, Slovakia)
Authors: Slavíček Karel , Petřík Jan , Žaža Petr , Mitáš Vladimír , Furmánek Václav
Published: September 2017

Im Rahmen einer Pilotstudie zur Untersuchung von Keramik der Kyjatice- und Pilinyer-Kultur, wurden aus der Gegend von Cinobaňa eine Reihe von Proben ausgewählt. Diese stammen aus dem Gräberfeld von Jarčanisko I, der Siedlung von Jarčanisko II und der Burganlage von Strieborná. Als Vergleichsmaterial dienten Scherben aus der Hügelfestung von Málinec-Zámok. Die Proben wurden in sechs mikropetrographische Gruppen aufgeteilt und auf ihre chemische Zusammensetzung mittels XRF getestet. Dabei ergab sich, dass die Elementgruppen aus dem Gräberfeld und der Siedlung mit Ausnahme einer Gruppe nicht übereinstimmen. In der Mehrzahl der ausgewählten Proben konnte Schamottmagerung nachgewiesen werden. Der Nachweis von Schamott in der Töpferei mag dabei spezifische technologische oder symbolische Praktiken der mittel- und spätbronzezeitlichen Gemeinschaften reflektieren. Die vielfältige Zusammensetzung der Keramik des Gräberfeldes ist ferner als Beleg heterogener Töpfereitraditionen lokaler Gruppen zu verstehen. Ähnlichkeiten der mikropetrographischen und chemischen Zusammensetzung der Proben aus der Siedlung belegen zwischen den untersuchten Fundplätze außerdem eine ökonomische oder soziale Verknüpfung.