bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
El secreto de las estructuras vistas
Authors: Cervilla García Alejandro
Published: July 2020

Cuenta Spiro Kostof en su Historia de la Arquitectura,[1] cómo en el siglo XVIII hubo una corriente teórica que abogaba por la arquitectura de la Grecia clásica como ejemplo de una arquitectura racional en la que la estructura, las columnas, se comportaban como lo que realmente debían ser, es decir, miembros funcionales de la Arquitectura, y no elementos decorativos. Estos teóricos, entre los que se encontraban Carlo Lodoli o el Abad Laugier, animaban a recuperar este modelo, y también los modelos góticos, como ejemplo de una arquitectura honesta y esencial. Pero lo cierto es que cuando analizamos en profundidad arquetipos de la Grecia clásica o del Gótico, encontramos algo que va más allá de la mera exposición de la estructura y de su uso racional. Y encontramos cómo estas arquitecturas de estructura a la vista, pueden ser en realidad modelos para otro tipo de arquitectura en la que la estructura tiene un carácter más bien ilusorio. El objetivo de este artículo es precisamente descubrir este secreto.

[1] Spiro Kostof, Historia de la Arquitectura, volumen 3 (Madrid: Alianza Editorial, 1985), 975-979.
Premios Arquisur Investigación
Authors: Varios Autores
Published: July 2020

Trabajos producidos por profesionales formados.
Avaliação da deformação de cadeias elastoméricas submetidas a diferentes meios de descontaminação
Authors: Silva Mattos Fernanda , Torres Fernando César , Trivino Tarcila , Ferreira Costa André Luiz , Fróes Freitas Cláudio , Fuziy Acácio
Published: July 2020

OBJETIVO: o objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar a deformação elástica de 14 marcas comerciais submetidas a diferentes meios de descontaminação estirados por 7, 14, 21 e 28 dias. MÉTODOS: três elos de cada elástico foram cortados e mensurados com paquímetro digital para a individualização do estiramento de 50% do tamanho original. Das 20 amostras de cada fabricante, 5 foram diretamente colocadas no template (controle), 5 foram imersas em ácido peracético a 0,2%, 5 foram friccionadas com álcool 70% e 5 foram autoclavadas (121°C / 1 atm / 30 minutos). As amostras permaneceram estiradas no template em saliva artificial a 37°C. Para cada tempo, os elásticos foram removidos, aferidos e descartados. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos à análise estatística (5%). RESULTADOS: observou-se diferença estatisticamente significativa entre as marcas, os meios de descontaminação e os tempos; assim como entre as possíveis interações entre os grupos. As marcas que melhor se comportaram foram a TP Orthodontics e a GAC, seguidas pela Rocky Mountain, American Orthodontics, Orthometric e Aditek, Aditek e Eurodonto, Dentaurum-Tecnident-Ormco-OrthoOrganizes, Abzil-Ormco e OrthoOrganizes, Morelli e Uniden. Verificou-se que o ciclo em autoclave teve compor- tamento semelhante à saliva artificial, alterando menos as propriedades dos elásticos. A deformação plástica foi proporcional ao tempo de estiramento. CONCLUSÃO: existe deformação plástica variando de acordo com a marca, aumentada em função do tempo e influenciada pelo meio de descontaminação utilizado.
Experiences of pre-school children and their teachers regarding class rules and behavior management: A case study
Authors: Yıldız Cansu , Atış Akyol Nevra , Ata Doğan Selda , Akman Berrin
Published: July 2020

The aim of the study is to determine experiences of children attending a preschool class and their teacher about class rules, desirable and undesirable behaviors and strategies followed by the teacher concerning these behaviors. The study is a case study, which is one of the qualitative research methods. The participants were 14 children attending a class for 5 year-olds in an independent kindergarten and the teacher of the class. Semi-structured interview technique was used in the study. In addition, in two of the questions in the interview, the students were asked to draw pictures to help them describe their experiences in more detail. The data in the study were analyzed by content analysis, categorized by coding, and themes and sub-themes were obtained. As a result of the research, it was found that the opinions of the children and their teachers about class rules and undesirable behaviors were in parallel with each other. The study revealed that the experiences of children and the teacher overlap in terms of behaviors and strategies followed by the teacher in response to desirable behaviors. However, it was found that the experiences of children and their teacher differ with regards to the way class rules are determined, and behaviors and strategies followed by the teacher concerning undesirable behaviors.
FGF21 regulates hepatic metabolic pathways to improve steatosis and inflammation
Authors: Keinicke Helle , Sun Gao , Mentzel Caroline M Junker , Fredholm Merete , John Linu Mary , Andersen Birgitte , Raun Kirsten , Kjaergaard Marina
Published: July 2020

The prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has increased dramatically worldwide and, subsequently, also the risk of developing non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), hepatic fibrosis, cirrhosis and cancer. Today, weight loss is the only available treatment, but administration of fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) analogues have, in addition to weight loss, shown improvements on liver metabolic health but the mechanisms behind are not entirely clear. The aim of this study was to investigate the hepatic metabolic profile in response to FGF21 treatment. Diet-induced obese (DIO) mice were treated with s.c. administration of FGF21 or subjected to caloric restriction by switching from high fat diet (HFD) to chow to induce 20% weight loss and changes were compared to vehicle dosed DIO mice. Cumulative caloric intake was reduced by chow, while no differences were observed between FGF21 and vehicle dosed mice. The body weight loss in both treatment groups was associated with reduced body fat mass and hepatic triglycerides (TG), while hepatic cholesterol was slightly decreased by chow. Liver glycogen was decreased by FGF21 and increased by chow. The hepatic gene expression profiles suggest that FGF21 increased uptake of fatty acids and lipoproteins, channeled TGs toward the production of cholesterol and bile acid, reduced lipogenesis and increased hepatic glucose output. Furthermore, FGF21 appeared to reduce inflammation and regulate hepatic leptin receptor-a expression. In conclusion, FGF21 affected several metabolic pathways to reduce hepatic steatosis and improve hepatic health and markedly more genes than diet restriction (61 vs 16 out of 89 investigated genes).
Pediatric reference values of TSH should be personalized according to BMI and ethnicity
Authors: Oron Tal , Lazar Liora , Feldhamer Ilan , Manor Mira , Koren-Morag Nira , Tenenbaum Ariel , Meyerovitch Joseph
Published: July 2020

Objective:

The need for personalization of the reference values of thyroid function tests has been previously suggested. We aimed at determining TSH reference values in a large cohort of children according to age, sex, BMI, and ethnicity.

Design:

A population-based cohort study.

Methods:

The study cohort included 75 549 healthy children aged 5–18 years. Data analyzed included age, gender, TSH, FT4 levels, BMI and ethnicity. Multivariate logistic regression analysis examined the associations between the study parameters.

Results:

TSH in the Jewish population is lower than in the non-Jewish population (median: 2.1 IU/L (IQR: 1.5) vs 2.2 IU/L (IQR: 1.5), P < 0.0001). TSH is significantly affected by BMI for children defined as underweight, normal weight, overweight or obese, levels increased as weight diverged from the normal range (median levels: 2.1 IU/L (IQR: 1.4), 2.0 IU/L (IQR: 1.3), 2.1 IU/L (IQR: 1.4), 2.4 (IQR: 1.5), respectively, P < 0.001). The 2.5 percentile is affected by gender and BMI (P < 0.02 and P < 0.001, respectively), while the 97.5 percentile is affected by ethnic origin and BMI (P < 0.001 for both). New TSH reference intervals (RI) adjusted according to BMI and ethnicity are suggested. Comparison of the old and new RI demonstrate the significance of RI personalization: 25.1% of the children with TSH levels above the old RI are within the new RI, while 2.3% of the children who were in the old RI are below the new RI.

Conclusions:

TSH reference values in children are affected by BMI and ethnicity. Reference values should be individualized accordingly to improve future clinical decision-making and treatment.
Progression of vertebral fractures in long-term controlled acromegaly: a 9-year follow-up study
Authors: Pelsma I C M , Biermasz N R , Pereira A M , van Furth W R , Appelman-Dijkstra N M , Kloppenburg M , Kroon H M , Claessen K M J A
Published: July 2020

Objective:

Growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) excess results in both reversible and irreversible musculoskeletal damage, including increased vertebral fracture (VF) risk. The prevalence of VFs is approximately 60% in controlled acromegaly patients, and these VFs can progress in time. We aimed to identify the course of VFs in a cohort of acromegaly patients in long-term remission and their associated risk factors during prolonged follow-up.

Methods:

Thirty-one patients with acromegaly (49% female, median age 60 years (IQR 53–66)), who were in remission for ≥2 years, were included in this longitudinal, prospective, follow-up study. Spine radiographs of vertebrae Th4 to L4 were assessed for VFs using the Genant score, at baseline, after 2.6 years and 9.1 years. Progression was defined as either a new fracture or a ≥1-point increase in Genant score.

Results:

The prevalence of VF at baseline was 87% (27/31 patients). Progression of VFs was observed in eleven patients (35.5%) during the 9.1-year follow-up period, with a total incidence rate of 65.5 per 1000 person years (males 59.8 per 1000 person years vs females 71.6 per 1000 person years). Patients treated with surgery or radiotherapy had a higher risk of VF progression in this cohort (P = 0.030).

Conclusions:

In this cohort of long-term, well-controlled acromegalic patients, the prevalence and progression of VFs was high, showing that the deleterious effects of GH and IGF-1 excess on bone persist despite achievement of longstanding remission.
Zur ökonomischen Wirkung von Auszeichnungen im Hochschulstudium
Authors: Follert Florian
Published: July 2020

Zahlreiche Studien konstatieren eine „Noteninflation“ im deutschen Hochschulstudium, sodass es Grund zu der Annahme gibt, dass die Abschlussnoten eines Studiums ihre ursprüngliche Funktion nicht mehr ausreichend erfüllen können. Dies kann einerseits zu Motivationsproblemen bei den Studenten und andererseits zu Fehlallokationen am Arbeitsmarkt führen. Der vorliegende Beitrag plädiert für die stärkere Nutzung von Auszeichnungen als Ergänzung. Diese können von Lehrenden an Hochschulen eingesetzt werden, um die aus der „Noteninflation“ resultierende Problematik abzumildern.
Wissensorientierte Unternehmenssteuerung
Authors: North Klaus
Published: July 2020

Wissen und Kompetenz sind entscheidend für die nachhaltige Wettbewerbsfähigkeit von Unternehmen. Dieser Beitrag erläutert, welchen Nutzen Wissensmanagement bringt und wie das Controlling zur Ausgestaltung eines agilen und schlanken Wissensmanagements beitragen kann.
Wissenscontrolling in kreativen Expertenorganisationen
Authors: Stary Christian
Published: July 2020

Der Erfolg kreativer Expertenorganisationen basiert auf generiertem Wissen und Zukunftspotenzial. Das vorgestellte Instrument zu Wissenscontrolling zeichnet sich durch seine kompakte und kontextuelle Darstellung auf Basis wahrgenommener Tätigkeitsprofile aus. Es ermöglicht operativ tätigen Fachkräften ebenso wie Führungsverantwortlichen Wissensmanagementaktivitäten zu bewerten und zu konzipieren.
Race, Postoperative Complications, and Death in Apparently Healthy Children
Authors: Nafiu Olubukola O. , Mpody Christian , Kim Stephani S. , Uffman Joshua C. , Tobias Joseph D.
Published: July 2020

BACKGROUND:

That African American (AA) patients have poorer surgical outcomes compared with their white peers is established. The prevailing presumption is that these disparities operate within the context of a higher preoperative comorbidity burden among AA patients. Whether these racial differences in outcomes exist among apparently healthy children (traditionally expected to have low risk of postsurgical complications) has not been previously investigated.

METHODS:

We performed a retrospective study by analyzing the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program–Pediatric database from 2012 through 2017 and identifying children who underwent inpatient operations and were assigned American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status 1 or 2. We used univariable and risk-adjusted logistic regression to estimate the odds ratios and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of postsurgical outcomes comparing AA to white children.

RESULTS:

Among 172 549 apparently healthy children, the incidence of 30-day mortality, postoperative complications, and serious adverse events were 0.02%, 13.9%, and 5.7%, respectively. Compared with their white peers, AA children had 3.43 times the odds of dying within 30 days after surgery (odds ratio: 3.43; 95% CI: 1.73–6.79). Compared with being white, AA had 18% relative greater odds of developing postoperative complications (odds ratio: 1.18; 95% CI: 1.13–1.23) and 7% relative higher odds of developing serious adverse events (odds ratio: 1.07; 95% CI: 1.01–1.14).

CONCLUSIONS:

Even among apparently healthy children, being AA is strongly associated with a higher risk of postoperative complications and mortality. Mechanisms underlying the established racial differences in postoperative outcomes may not be fully explained by the racial variation in preoperative comorbidity.
Barrier Protection Use by Adolescents During Sexual Activity
Authors: Grubb Laura K. ,   COMMITTEE ON ADOLESCENCE, Alderman Elizabeth M. , Chung Richard J. , Lee Janet , Powers Makia E. , Rahmandar Maria H. , Upadhya Krishna K. , Wallace Stephenie B.
Published: July 2020

Rates of sexual activity, pregnancies, and births among adolescents have continued to decline during the past decade to historic lows. Despite these positive trends, many adolescents remain at risk for unintended pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections (STIs). This technical report discusses the new data and trends in adolescent sexual behavior and barrier protection use. Since 2017, STI rates have increased and use of barrier methods, specifically external condom use, has declined among adolescents and young adults. Interventions that increase availability of or accessibility to barrier methods are most efficacious when combined with additional individual, small-group, or community-level activities that include messages about safer sex. Continued research informs public health interventions for adolescents that increase the consistent and correct use of barrier methods and promote dual protection of barrier methods for STI prevention together with other effective methods of contraception.
МЕТАМОРФОЗИ УПРАВЛІННЯ СИСТЕМОЮ ІНДУСТРІАЛЬНОЇ ОСВІТИ У ГОРИЗОНТІ ЇЇ ЖИТТЄВОГО ЦИКЛУ
Authors: Zinkevych Vasyl I.
Published: July 2020

У статті аналізується процес саморозгортання явища управління в контексті життєвого циклу системи індустріальної освіти. Доводиться, що на етапі зростання відбувається пошук форм організації управління у відповідності до ментальності народу і практики національної держави; на етапі зрілості менеджмент освіти досягає своїх завдань завдяки стандартизації, спеціалізації, синхронізації, концентрації, максимізації і централізації управління освітою; занепад системи супроводжується надмірним і жорстким адмініструванням, що веде до консервації віджившої свій час системи індустріальної освіти. Організаційні проблеми в управлінні системою індустріальної освіти полягають у тому, що, по-перше, процес індустріальної освіти вичерпав себе остаточно, на його долю залишається лише фахова підготовка робочої сили для обслуговування наявних продуктивних сил, що були створені на попередніх етапах; по-друге, процес виокремлено від навчання і виховання молодого покоління населення планети, оскільки воно інтуїтивно бажає вчитись новому змісту освіти і жити в умовах інформаційної доби; по-третє, у арсеналі соціального управління сучасності немає навіть адекватного інструменту на випадок занепаду соціальних систем, що ґрунтуються на суспільному поділі індустріальної праці; по-четверте, зруйнована основа саморегуляційного контуру соціальних систем, оскільки мораль індустріальної доби себе вичерпала і тим самим зробила добру справу – звільнила аксіологічний сегмент простору освіти для формування паростків нової моралі. Доводиться, що система освіти, почала відставати від ритму природного саморуху цивілізації. Вона не змогла довго утримуватись у стані гомеостазу, оскільки в рух прийшла підстава і умови. На цій високій напруженості, що склалася у системі індустріальної освіти, з одного боку, а з іншого – між нею і іншими підсистемами планетарного соціального організму, вона потрапила у стан кризи.
ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКОЕ СОЗНАНИЕ КАК ФОРМА СОЦИАЛЬНОГО СОЗНАНИЯ
Authors: Mehtiyev Rabil
Published: July 2020

В статье рассматривается экологическое сознание как сложная, динамичная система и форма общественного сознания. Вопрос анализа природы экологического сознания и его места в системе общественного сознания вызывает много споров среди ученых. Поэтому изучение этого вопроса требует учета взаимосвязей между всеми элементами системы.
ИСТОРИЯ КАК УМОЗРИТЕЛЬНАЯ МОДЕЛЬ ПРОШЛОГО. Часть ІІ
Authors: Mykhailiuk Oleksandr
Published: July 2020

Данная статья представляет результы исследования, первая часть которого опубликована в предыдущем номере журнала (Epistemological studies in Philosophy, Social and Political Sciences, 2019, 2 (2), 31-40). История рассматривается как знание о прошлом. Рассматривается проблема объекта исторической науки. Ставится вопрос о «реальности» прошлого, о соотношении прошлого и реальности, о возможности «науки о прошлом» и возможность прошлого быть объектом исторической науки. Рассматривается взаимосвязь между прошлым и настоящим. Современность выступает основой для познания прошлого. Современность является точкой отсчета, отбор и осмысление прошлых событий всегда происходит с точки зрения современности. Любое познание осуществляется посредством знаков. Функция познания состоит в накладывании на мир сети обозначений. Выработка новых знаний рассматривается как семиотический процесс. Понятие «реальность» и «знание» тесно связаны между собой. Знания не только описывает реальность, оно также конструирует ее. Знание (в том числе, историческое) культурно обусловлено. История как наука понимается как продуцирование новых знаний на базе переработки информационных массивов о прошлом. Глубина понимания в конечном счете зависит не столько от информации, сколько от свойств интерпретатора. Сущность научного метода - замена реального объекта его моделью. История как наука о прошлом, как знания о прошлом предстает как умственная конструкция, как умозрительная модель прошлого.
ПРОПАГАНДА ТА ЇЇ МІСЦЕ В ПРОЦЕСІ ВЕДЕННЯ ІНФОРМАЦІЙНИХ ВІЙН. ОСНОВНІ ФОРМИ ПРОПАГАНДИСТСЬКОГО ВПЛИВУ:
Authors: Poltorak Volodymyr Abramovych , Stadnyk Alona Heorhiyivna
Published: July 2020

Мета статті: аналіз проблем пропаганди як важливого різновиду інформаційної зброї, форм пропаганди, що застосовуються в сучасних інформаційних війнах. Емпіричну базу дослідження становлять дані соціологічних досліджень, проведених автором: анкетного опитування населення м. Запоріжжя щодо ставлення населення до проблем інформаційної війни, яку веде Російська Федерація проти України, у період проведеного дослідження (640 мешканців м. Запоріжжя з використанням квотної вибірки, 2017 р.) й експертного опитування представників ряду специфічних категорій населення: воїнів АТО, волонтерів, викладачів суспільно-політичних кафедр закладів вищої освіти (32 особи, 2016 р.).В теоретичному значенні розглянута актуальна в сучасних умовах та важлива проблема, пов’язана із роллю пропаганди як важливої зброї, що використовується в сучасних інформаційних війнах, зокрема інформаційній війні поміж Російською Федерацією та Україною. Аналізується сутність пропаганди та її можливості в процесі формування громадської думки населення, технології, що використовуються для впливу на населення супротивників в ході інформаційної війни, зокрема наводяться деякі приклади ходу такої війни поміж Російською Федерацією та Україною. Розглядаються основні сучасні форми пропагандистського впливу на населення: пряма пропаганда, джинса, пабліситі, пропаганда 2.0, особливості їх використання та ефективність.
Approaches to workload in psychiatric and mental health nursing
Authors: Pedroso Tássia Ghissoni , Pedrão Luiz Jorge , Perroca Marcia Galan
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT Objective: to investigate approaches to workload in psychiatric and mental health nursing in Brazilian and international production of knowledge Methods: integrative literature review using six databases, covering January 2005 to March 2019. Articles in full in English, Spanish and Portuguese were included. Results: the sample consisted of 23 original articles classified as quantitative or emotional. The quantitative dimension was addressed in 12 articles and included: assessing patient care needs, identifying activities performed by the team, measuring time spent and developing and validating a measurement instrument. The emotional dimension included 11 articles the focus of which was on identifying stressors in the workplace, psychosocial risks and coping strategies. Conclusion: strategies were found for measuring workload and assessing the impact of stressors on nursing teams.
Factors associated with common mental disorder in school teenagers
Authors: Monteiro Deise da Silva , Martins Ridalva Dias , Gomes Nadirlene Pereira , Mota Rosana Santos , Conceição Marimeire Morais da , Gomes Nadjane Rebouças , Nery Carmen Lúcia Pereira Dias
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT Objective: To identify the prevalence of common mental disorders and associated factors in school adolescents. Method: Cross-sectional study with 230 adolescents from a public school in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. We used a questionnaire and an assessment scale for common mental disorders. The data were processed in STATA, version 12. Results: The prevalence of common mental disorders in schoolchildren was 52.2%. Multivariate analysis identified a positive association with statistical significance between the condition and the variables:female gender (PR = 3.06; 95% CI: 1.77-5.4), black race (PR = 2.08; 95% CI: 1.04-4.16),having a boyfriend (PR = 2.07; 95% CI: 1.06-4.03) and smoking cigarettes once in a lifetime (PR = 2.88; 95% CI : 1.31 - 6.31). The school increase (OR = 0.52; 95% CI: 0.29-0.91) was identified as a protective factor. Conclusion: Female gender, black race, having a relationship, and having smoked cigarettes are factors that increase the chances of adolescents having common mental disorders.
Correlação Feldstein-Horioka: indicador de mobilidade de capitais ou de solvência?
Authors: ROCHA FABIANA
Published: July 2020

RESUMO O objetivo deste trabalho é utilizar os modelos macro abertos intertemporais, e os testes econométricos de solvência derivados deles, para analisar a correlação original de poupança-investimento de Feldstein e Horioka. A restrição de solvência implica que a poupança e o investimento são cointegrados com um coeficiente de um e, portanto, que a conta corrente é estacionária. Como a regressão da seção transversal de Feldstein-Horioka mede o coeficiente médio de longo prazo, é possível argumentar que ela está capturando o coeficiente unitário implícito na restrição de solvência e não alguma medida de mobilidade de capital.
Cuidado pós-parto às mulheres na atenção primária: construção de um modelo avaliativo
Authors: Baratieri Tatiane , Natal Sonia , Hartz Zulmira Maria de Araújo
Published: July 2020

A assistência pós-parto às mulheres na atenção primária à saúde (APS) é importante para a redução da morbimortalidade destas, porém não há uma teoria desta assistência claramente descrita e os estudos avaliativos são escassos. Este trabalho objetivou desenvolver e sistematizar um modelo avaliativo da assistência às mulheres no pós-parto na APS, verificando sua avaliabilidade. Realizou-se um Estudo de Avaliabilidade por meio de revisão da literatura nacional e internacional, revisão de documentos nacionais e entrevistas com stakeholders. Tais evidências fundamentaram a elaboração do modelo avaliativo que foi validado em conferência de consenso. Utilizou-se análise temática para a análise dos dados. O estudo elaborou a teoria do programa, em que a assistência pós-parto na APS precisa idealmente ocorrer de forma integral, conforme as necessidades de saúde física, psicológica, emocional e social; considerar a individualidade das mulheres com filhos vivos ou em situações de óbito fetal/infantil; iniciar no pré-natal e ter continuidade no pós-parto, com envolvimento das famílias/companheiros(as). A teoria do programa estabeleceu a contextualização e um desenho lógico com objetivo, metas, atividades, produtos, resultados e impacto, até então não sistematicamente explicitados na literatura e documentos. Verificou-se que a assistência pós-parto é avaliável por meio de uma análise de implantação e que a teoria do programa definida pode ser utilizada por diversos atores, tanto em nível nacional quanto internacional, para implantar e/ou aprimorar a assistência integral às mulheres no pós-parto.
COVID-19 infection in pregnant women, preterm delivery, birth weight, and vertical transmission: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Melo Géssyca Cavalcante de , Araújo Karina Conceição Gomes Machado de
Published: July 2020

In less than four months, the total of confirmed cases of COVID-19 was 1,684,833 worldwide. Outcomes among the public of pregnant women with COVID-19 are still unclear. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to analyze whether COVID-19 in pregnant women is related to premature birth and birth weight, and to summarize the diagnostic results of neonates born to mothers with COVID-19 for investigating the possibility of vertical transmission. Searches were performed in PubMed, Scopus, LILACS, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Preprints, bioRxiv, and medRxiv. We used the odds ratio (OR) and mean difference (MD) as measure of analysis. Summary estimates were calculated using random effects models. 38 studies were included; data from 279 women were analyzed; 60 patients were diagnosed with COVID-19. The meta-analysis showed no significant association between COVID-19 and preterm delivery (OR = 2.25; 95%CI: 0.96, 5.31; p = 0.06; I² = 0%). No significant relationship was found between birth weight and COVID-19 (MD = -124.16; 95%CI: -260.54, 12.22; p = 0.07; I² = 0%). Among 432 newborns, 10 were reported with positive results for early SARS-CoV-2. Due to the characteristics of the studies, the level of evidence of this meta-analysis was considered very low. COVID-19 in pregnant women may not be associated with the occurrence of preterm deliveries or the birth weight of the newborn children, however the evidence to date is very uncertain. A few reports suggest vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-2 to newborn is possible, but evidence is still uncertain.
Desastres naturais e seus custos nos estabelecimentos de saúde no Brasil no período de 2000 a 2015
Authors: Freitas Carlos Machado de , Silva Isadora Vida de Mefano e , Xavier Diego Ricardo , Silva Eliane Lima e , Barcellos Christovam
Published: July 2020

Resumo: Desastres naturais resultam em impactos na saúde das populações, danos aos estabelecimentos de saúde e, em situações extremas, colapso dos sistemas de saúde. Tendências nacionais e globais evidenciam o aumento da frequência dos desastres associados às mudanças climáticas. O objetivo deste artigo é analisar os impactos e custos econômicos dos desastres naturais sobre os estabelecimentos de saúde, identificando tipos mais frequentes e de maior custo, e distribuição no território nacional, tendo como base os dados registrados no Sistema Integrado de Informações sobre Desastres (S2ID) no período de 2000 a 2015. Foram sistematizados e analisados 15.950 registros, sendo que deste universo, em somente 29,4% das ocorrências havia registros de custos, totalizando quase R$ 4 bilhões. Os desastres climatológicos foram os mais recorrentes, mas não os responsáveis pelos custos mais expressivos. Na relação custos por evento, os desastres hidrológicos apresentaram custos 3,2 e 3,6 vezes maiores do que os meteorológicos e geológicos. Em relação ao custo total em milhões de reais nos estados, destacaram-se Pernambuco, Amazonas e Santa Catarina. Em relação ao custo por desastre em milhões de reais o destaque foi a Região Norte e em particular o Acre. Apesar das limitações deste estudo relacionadas à qualidade dos registros, os dados apresentados devem ser compreendidos como a ponta visível de um iceberg, pois os impactos e danos vão além dos econômicos, com impactos sobre a infraestrutura e recursos que servem de suporte aos serviços, comprometendo a capacidade de oferta exatamente quando a população mais necessita dos serviços de saúde.
Educação global através do ensino em Português língua materna: um percurso formativo
Authors: Sá Cristina Manuela , Mesquita Luciana
Published: July 2020

RESUMO O estudo a que este texto se reporta visava, numa primeira fase, identificar as representações de futuras educadoras de infância e professoras do 1.º Ciclo do Ensino Básico sobre a educação global e, posteriormente, caracterizar a forma como estas representações se refletiam na promoção e análise de situações de ensino/aprendizagem no campo da Educação em Português como língua materna. No âmbito de uma Unidade Curricular de um mestrado profissionalizante de Bolonha, foram recolhidos e analisados dados provenientes de um questionário aplicado no início do semestre (representações iniciais) e de uma reflexão escrita individual entregue no final do percurso (representações finais), assim como sete planificações e respetivas fundamentações, orientadas para o desenvolvimento de competências em comunicação oral e escrita em Português a partir de uma perspetiva de educação global (desempenho). Neste texto, apresentamos uma análise cruzada de todos estes dados. A partir disso, concluiu-se que o percurso vivenciado na Unidade Curricular (UC) alterou a forma como as estudantes encaravam a educação global, embora tenha-se registado a dificuldade em operacionalizar esse conceito em articulação com o ensino e aprendizagem da língua materna.
Uma abordagem deleuzo-guattariana sobre a escola e o vitalismo de seus problemas
Authors: Ribeiro Cintya Regina
Published: July 2020

RESUMO O propósito desse estudo é perspectivar uma abordagem filosófica de inspiração vitalista para discutir a escola e os seus problemas, tomando com alvo exatamente os modos como se configuram as condições daquilo que qualificamos como problema ou como sendo da ordem do problemático. Para tal, o trabalho orienta-se a partir de uma filosofia da imanência centrada no pensamento de Gilles Deleuze e Félix Guattari bem como em algumas inspirações em Friedrich Nietzsche articuladas a partir de Deleuze. O percurso investigativo mobiliza três eixos de discussão: a) situar uma abordagem crítica sobre as condições de instauração de um problema, do ponto de vista do plano do pensamento, tomado numa perspectiva de imanência; b) destacar, no interior dessa prerrogativa de imanência, a necessidade de afirmar a coexistência entre as forças de determinação e de indeterminação quando se aborda a escola como um plano de existência, evocando a discussão deleuzo-guattariana sobre agenciamento; c) argumentar em favor de um vitalismo filosófico no campo educacional, apresentando algumas linhas de forças desse modo afirmativo de pensamento, as quais suscitam pensar outro modo de crítica e ao mesmo tempo exigem afirmar uma disposição estética e ético-política frente às condições de emergência daquilo que produzimos como sendo da ordem do problemático.
Projetar sobre projetos: currículo e ensino de História
Authors: Almeida Neto Antonio Simplicio de
Published: July 2020

RESUMO Contra as evidências que entendem a educação escolar como um produto e os professores como figuras acessórias para a reprodução de propostas curriculares alienígenas, esse artigo propõe discutir possibilidades de projetos curriculares para o ensino de História na educação básica tomando por referência documentos produzidos por graduandos de Licenciatura em História ao pesquisar elementos da cultura escolar, a saber, os diferentes sujeitos escolares, os discursos, as práticas e os rituais, a cultura material e a arquitetura escolar (VIÑAO-FRAGO, 2007). Retomamos o entendimento de Marc Bloch (2001), para quem, o ofício do historiador, e do professor de História, por conseguinte, implica em posicionamento criativo, uma vez que pressupõe movimento, transformação e renovação. Tal postura se coaduna com o debate em torno da cultura escolar que toma a instituição escolar como produtora de cultura e não mera reprodutora de culturas que lhe são exteriores. Consideramos estar em jogo a relação entre projeto e destino (ARGAN, 2004): seguir o desígnio dito e decidido por outrem e efetuar o produto educacional, consumando a tão criticada fragmentação entre os criadores e executores ou projetar, tomando para si o desígnio, o desenho da aula de História.
Pensamento histórico de jovens estudantes sobre o Brasil: uma análise a partir das contribuições da Educação Histórica
Authors: Reis Aaron Sena Cerqueira
Published: July 2020

RESUMO Neste artigo, objetiva-se compreender o pensamento histórico de jovens estudantes sobre o Brasil. A partir das contribuições teórico-metodológicas da Educação Histórica, analisamos os conceitos substantivos e de segunda ordem mobilizados para responder a seguinte questão: Considerando as notícias que você obteve por meio de telejornais, revistas, internet ou outros meios de comunicação, como você explicaria a atual situação do Brasil? As respostas dos 111 participantes foram analisadas segundo os pressupostos da Grounded Theory. Com este método, identificamos diferentes conceitos que foram categorizados em um dendograma composto por três classes. Este processo foi auxiliado pelo IRAMUTEQ, software que viabiliza diferentes tipos de análise textual com base na frequência das palavras. Os resultados implicaram na compreensão de agentes, entidades, dentre outros fatores relacionados à ideia de “crise” (classe 3). Além disso, os estudantes lançaram mão de explicações, baseadas em “causas” (classe 1) e “consequências” (classe 2) para o referido conceito substantivo.
Analysis of deformability modulus by linear and nonlinear elastic methods in ceramic structural masonry and mortars
Authors: Cerqueira N. A. , Marvila M. T. , Azevedo A. R. G. de , Alexandre J. , Xavier G. C. , Souza V. B. de
Published: July 2020

Abstract There are studies analyzing the parameters of structural masonry strength, however few are performed evaluating the interference of the mortar in the deformability parameters. The objective of this study was to verify the theories of elasticity (Hooke’s linear model and nonlinear models by Ghosh, Duffing, and Martin, Roth, and Stiehler) applied to structural masonry. Ceramic blocks were pressed and fired at 890 ºC and mortars prepared with the proportion 1:1:5:0.5:2 of cement: hydrated lime: sand: PVA binder: water. The materials were tested in compression individually and in prisms with and without the use of mortars. The results obtained with the linear elastic analysis were incoherent since the deformability modulus obtained for the mortar prisms was higher than those without mortar. Performing the analysis by nonlinear theories, it was found that the results obtained were more coherent, mainly by Duffing’s theory that uses one parameter for stiffness and another for damping of the material.
Adsorption of reactive blue BF-5G dye on MCM-41 synthesized from Chocolate clay
Authors: Paula L. N. R. de , Paula G. M. de , Rodrigues M. G. F.
Published: July 2020

Abstract The efficiency of as-synthesized and calcined mesoporous silica, using clay as a silica source, to remove the reactive blue BF-5G dye was investigated. The materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence (ED-XRF), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. The kinetic and adsorption isotherms were also studied. The XRD and ED-XRF results showed that the Chocolate clay is rich in SiO2 (69.4%) and has a large amount of other oxides, which can be eliminated by acid leaching. According to the characterization results, the MCM-41 synthesis was effective and produced a highly-ordered material. The kinetic study showed the adsorption corresponded predominantly to the pseudo-second order model. Adsorption equilibrium was reached after 3 h, and the data were better ﬁtted to the Freundlich model. Furthermore, both samples obtained satisfactory removal results, being potential adsorbents having reduced cost due to the use of an alternative silica source.
Structural, electrical and optical properties of copper-doped zinc oxide films deposited by spray pyrolysis
Authors: Licurgo J. S. C. , Almeida Neto G. R. de , Paes Junior H. R.
Published: July 2020

Abstract The effect of copper doping on structural, electrical, and optical properties of zinc oxide films was evaluated. Copper-doped films (ZnO:Cu) were successfully deposited on a glass substrate by spray pyrolysis at doping levels of 0, 2.5, and 7.5 at% (ZnO, ZC2.5, ZC7.5). All films were polycrystalline, single-phase with ZnO hexagonal wurtzite structure. The films presented nanostructured crystallites, from 36.7 to 38.2 nm. Cu doping increased the electrical conductivity of the ZnO films; this change was proportional to the Cu concentration. The films presented high optical transmittance of 70-80% in the visible wavelength. The energy gap decreased upon Cu doping. The photoluminescence spectrum of all films displayed an intense ultraviolet emission and a weaker blue emission. The emissions shifted to lower wavelengths with increasing dopant concentrations. ZC7.5 presented the most promising properties for an application as transparent conducting oxide: intense optical transmittance and UV photoluminescence, also the lowest electrical resistivity.
Wollastonite/TCP composites for bone regeneration: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Santos G. G. dos , Meireles E. C. A. , Miguel F. B.
Published: July 2020

Abstract Composite biomaterials have gained notoriety in recent decades due to the ability to combine desirable properties of each material. Thus, associating bioactivity of wollastonite (W) with biodegradability of tricalcium phosphate (TCP) becomes promising for bone repair. Therefore, this study investigated, through systematic review and meta-analysis, in vivo studies that evaluated histomorphometrically the bone repair after implantation of W/TCP composites. The searches were performed in the PubMed/MEDLINE, LILACS/BIREME/Virtual Health Library (VHL), and Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) databases. A total of 312 studies were identified in the databases, of which 6 were included. In data comparison, it was considered the percentage of neoformed bone (NB). Composites with a higher percentage of W and/or in the scaffold format presented higher NB. These results suggested that the association of these two materials, as well as the porous scaffold format, was determinant on NB, which makes these new composites potential for clinical use.
Fungal and bacterial population from spent mushroom substrate used to cultivate tomato plants
Authors: Moraes Tatiana Silveira Junqueira de , Costa Lívia Martinez Abreu Soares , Souza Thiago Pereira , Collela Carolina Figueiredo , Dias Eustáquio Souza
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT The production of tomato seedlings is conducted on commercial substrates with adequate properties for the good formation of the aerial part and root. The Spent Mushroom Substrate, or SMS, presents advantages over commercial substrates regarding the quality of the vegetable seedlings, which may be provided by the presence of a rich microbiota, bringing higher balance and competition with pathogenic microorganisms, in addition to the biological control of pathogens and nematodes. It is important to know the microbiota present in this material and its relation to the plant, in order for this association to occur in the best manner possible. This work had the objective of identifying the microbiota present in the rhizosphere of tomato seedlings produced in SMS of Agaricus subrufescens and Agaricus bisporus mushrooms, added or not with commercial substrate. The microbiota was analyzed by DGGE and the representative samples were sequenced in order to identify the species. Among the eukaryotes, the Chaetomium globosum, Arthrobotrys amerospora species were predominant in the A. subrufescens SMS, and Geastrum floriforme, Chrysosporium chiropterum, Pleurotus sp., and Trichosporon sp. in the A. bisporus SMS. Prokaryotes are the most diverse group, suggesting a large number of species not yet classified or which sequences are not yet available.
Patterns of ichthyofaunal diversity and distribution across Jebba Hydro-Electric Power (HEP) dam, Jebba, north-central Nigeria
Authors: Oladipo S. O. , Nneji L. M. , Iyiola O. A. , Nneji I. C. , Ayoola A. O. , Adelakun K. M. , Anifowoshe A. T. , Adeola A. C. , Mustapha M. K.
Published: July 2020

Abstract The ichthyofauna diversity of the Jebba Hydroelectric Power (HEP) Dam, Jebba, North-central Nigeria was studied. Fishes were sampled for 24 months using gill net, hook and line, and cast net. Individuals were identified using morphological and molecular (mitochondrial Cytochrome c Oxidase subunit I) data. A total of 9605 freshwater fishes were recorded during the sampling period. The use of an integrative taxonomic approach enabled the identification of 83 species belonging to 42 genera. Additionally, the study recorded three unidentified species – Ctenopoma sp, Malapterurus sp., and Protopterus sp. Analyses showed that individuals belonging to families Cichlidae and Mochokidae dominated the dam. The diversity analyses revealed relatively high fish diversity during the rainy season at the downstream section of Jebba HEP dam compared to the upstream section. The study, therefore, showed the presence of a diverse fish community comprising high species richness and diversity across the Jebba HEP dam. Finally, we recommend proper biodiversity monitoring and assessment of freshwater fish diversity across Nigeria. In addition, the use of an integrated taxonomic approach is recommended for appropriate species’ identification and studies of freshwater fishes from Nigeria.
Domestication strategies for the endangered catfish species Pseudopimelodus mangurus Valenciennes, 1835 (Siluriformes: Pseudopimelodidae)
Authors: Shiguemoto G. F. , Arashiro D. R. , Levy-Pereira N. , Santos S. C. A. , Senhorini J. A. , Monzani P. S. , Yasui G. S.
Published: July 2020

Abstract Wild fish domestication can be considered a strategic approach to endangered species conservation, supporting studies and reducing economic and environmental costs. Three of the most important strategies in the domestication processes of fish are the adaptation of wild fish to captivity, the reproduction of the adapted fish and the production and maintenance of the young individuals. That being said, the present study is divided in three experiments: the 1st aimed to adapt wild Pseudopimelodus mangurus to captivity environment using different feeding approaches and a prophylactic strategie; the 2nd aimed to reproduce the adapted individuals from the 1st experiment; and the 3rd aimed to train the P. mangurus juveniles to accept commercial diets. The 1st and 2nd experiments were successful at the maintenance and artificial reproduction of P. mangurus kept in tanks between the reproductive seasons. The results suggest that the reproductive performance of animals kept in captivity (initial relative fertility-IRF = 609.25 ± 36.6 eggs/g) was similar (p > 0,05) to the performance found in wild individuals (IRF = 679.21 ± 45.66 eggs/g). Feed training of P. mangurus juveniles (3rd experiment) was also conducted, evaluating three feeding treatments with different concentrations of bovine heart and ration. At the end of the experiment, the treatment containing half bovine heart and half commercial feeding resulted in the highest values of weight gain (0.10 ± 0.16 g), specific growth rate (0.37 ± 0.11 mm), length (47.78 ± 2.35 mm) and growth (2.15 ± 2.27 mm), suggesting reasonable acceptability to artificial diets in the cultivation of this species. As conclusion, the present study contributes with the development of techniques for the domestication of fresh water fish species with commercial value or andangered of extinction, showing the domestication and reproduction of wild P. mangurus in captivity. However, more studies have to be conducted in order to improve the acceptance of artificial feeding by juveniles and to increase their survival rate.
ELISA of amyloid A in paired bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and serum samples of healthy horses
Authors: Filippo Paula Alessandra Di , Ribeiro Luiza M.F. , Meireles Marcos A.D. , Lannes Saulo T. , Mello Luciana. M. , Gobbi Francielli P. , Toledo Luiz F.A. , Lessa Daniel A.B.
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT: Pulmonary disorders are common in horses, and treatment efficiency depends on an adequate diagnosis. Amyloid A is the most sensitive indicator of pathology in horses. The objective of this study was to establish the concentration of amyloid A of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) in healthy horses. Health condition of horses was considered normal based on physical examination, complete blood count, biochemical parameters, and BALF cytology. Blood and BALF were collected from thirty adult female horses. Amyloid A concentrations in serum and BALF were measured using commercial ELISA tests. Amyloid A was detected in serum (mean ± SD = 3.71±2.51) and BALF (mean ± SD = 0.000745±0.000785) of all horses. In conclusion, SAA can also be measured in bronchoalveolar fluid, affording early detection of respiratory infections or inflammatory conditions.
Causes of death of beef cattle raised in feedlots
Authors: Estima-Silva Pablo , Oliveira Plínio A. , Bruhn Fabio Raphael P. , Scheid Haide Valeska , Marques Lucas S. , Ribeiro Luiza S. , Schild Ana Lucia
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT: The causes of death of cattle kept in pre-export feedlots (PEFs) and in feedlot for finishing for slaughter are described. Two studies were conducted: a retrospective study of mortality cases in feedlots from 2000 to 2017 registered at the “Laboratório Regional de Diagnóstico” of the “Faculdade de Veterinária” of the “Universidade Federal de Pelotas”; and a prospective study from January 2018 to August 2019, following up 22 feedlots for finishing and six PEFs for the export of live cattle. From January 2000 to August 2019 samples of 150 cases of diseases that affected feedlot cattle were received from 22 feedlots for finishing and 115 of the six PEFs followed. Mortality considering all diagnosed diseases was significantly higher in feedlots for finishing (p<0.05), than in PEFs for the export of live cattle, of 1% and 0.12%, respectively. Diseases of the digestive system were the most important causes, of death in feedlots regardless of its purpose. Acidosis presented the highest mortality rates both in feedlot for finishing (3.33%) as in PEFs for export (0.95%). In all cases the disease occurred due to failure in the adaptation of animals to the ingestion of concentrated foods. Bovine tick fever and pneumonia presented mortality rates of 0.13% and 0.09%, respectively in PEFs. In the feedlot for finishing seneciosis was the second cause of death due to cattle coming from areas with high infestation by the plant. In the present study, it was possible to identify the main diseases that occur in cattle feedlots for finishing or for the export of live animals in the southern region of Rio Grande do Sul. These diseases are known in other systems of cattle breeding and can be prevented or controlled through management, chemoprophylaxis or vaccination, minimizing losses due to mortality.