bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Premières découvertes des langues sibériennes et caucasiennes
Authors: Espagne Michel
Published: February 2025

L’étude des langues inconnues repose dans un premier temps sur l’accumulation d’une documentation portant sur les mots, les structures grammaticales et aussi, à une époque plus récente, sur la substance phonique. On attribue le mérite de cette première phase exploratoire aux missionnaires. Or les savants allemands parcourant la Sibérie et le Caucase au xviiie siècle mettent en évidence un mode très différent de constitution d’une documentation et surtout des modèles épistémologiques originaux méritant d’autant plus l’attention qu’ils correspondent à une phase préparatoire dans la genèse de la linguistique et de l’anthropologie comme sciences.
Gold Standard Exploits: Bank Building in Colonial Johannesburg
Authors: Bremner G. A.
Published: February 2025

In 1862 the Standard Bank of British South Africa was formed in London. A so-called imperial bank, its growth became synonymous with that of South Africa itself. It achieved a dominant position during the Transvaal gold boom of the 1880s, where its presence on the Rand saw it go from a mere canvas tent in 1886 to a hulking, six-storey neo-Baroque “palace” of stone in 1908, setting new standards in banking architecture. Huge profits were to be had in Johannesburg for those institutions that could position themselves as indispensable to the goldmining economy. There were heavy risks involved, but by the mid-1890s the Standard’s Transvaal operation was contributing 40 percent of the bank’s overall profits. Its Johannesburg branch not only boasted the biggest banking hall in the world, but was at the forefront of financial instrument technology, including an in-house assay and smelting operation and facilities for the safe storage of bullion. Yet, the bank was an enabler of workplace exploitation of white, black, and imported Chinese coolie labour, encouraging social tensions through the exacerbation of capitalist competition. Drawing on Bourdieu’s notion of symbolic capital, and Patrick Joyce’s ideas concerning institutional structuring and “performance,” this article considers the socio-economic dimensions of the Standard’s operation in relation to its architectural formation.
I Will Burn Tuan’s House: Tobacco, Opium, and the Villa Patumbah
Authors: Davis Will
Published: February 2025

It could simply be that guilt, rather than philanthropy, was the reason that Anna Grob-Zundel, widow of the tobacco planter Karl Fürchtegott Grob, donated their luxurious family home Villa Patumbah to a charity organization in 1910. When asked why she had made this gift to Diakoniewerk Neumünster, she said that she could not live in a place built with the blood of enslaved hands. This paper considers the Zurich mansion, completed in 1885 to plans by the Swiss architects Chiodera and Tschudy, alongside the plantation in Sumatra on whose profits it was constructed. Rather than working backwards from villa to plantation, I shall consider the villa itself as a plantation by thinking through it alongside the planter economy that funded it. Here I take up Tania Murray Li and Pujo Semedi’s points, that the plantation is both “alien, strange, and unpredictable,” and yet it takes life under control, “space, time, flora, fauna, water, chemicals, people.” Western Europe’s colonial “reckoning” of recent years has provided new methodological opportunities for historians of built and destroyed environments, and in turn new forms of criticality for understanding sites in erstwhile metropoles and distant colonies. This paper reads material from the architectural archive: photographs from tobacco plantations in Sumatra alongside plans and drawings of the Villa Patumbah. Chiodera and Tschudy’s stylistic excesses ingratiated the Swiss public for the better part of a century, but material and metaphorical licentiousness also provides a lens for understanding the plantation in its European metamorphosis. In Switzerland, conditions of tropical violence were required for visitors to comprehend a tropics of material indulgence. Towards the end of this paper, a cryptic letter is translated. It is a clue: the villa is a site of colonial encounter without having to house the violence of the colonial act itself. Like the swirl of exhaled tobacco smoke, the plantation transmutes, absorbs, engulfs.
Financing Cotton, Building Empire: Deutsche Bank in Late Ottoman Anatolia
Authors: Schreiner Eva
Published: February 2025

This essay explores the financial structures of global cotton production and trade in the late 1800s and early 1900s by focusing on the German capitalist incursion into the Ottoman countryside. It chronicles one German company’s attempt at financializing Anatolian cotton for the benefit of the German Empire and critically engages Rosa Luxemburg’s concept of “capitalist imperialism,” which she developed in 1913 based on this very context. Acting in non-colonized Ottoman territory, German capitalists proved to be highly dependent on local capitalist agents, such as merchants, landholders, and bankers, particularly in the provinces. Financial transactions required physical translation and transformation. As a result, the dominance of the German firm was undermined, even though it was a subsidiary of Deutsche Bank, then the world’s largest private bank. The essay thus shifts our gaze away from metropolitan bank architectures to the “hinterland,” establishing factories, agricultural fields, and provincial mansions as spaces of financial transaction and contestation. It further identifies land ownership as a major impediment for the Germans. Studying the German government and company archives through an architectural lens foregrounds the material reality of the seemingly immaterial system of finance, revealing the frictions it creates, and thereby elucidates how power is produced and subverted across imperial borders.
Les Preliminari a una storia del cinema de Guido Oldrini. Contribution à une méthode historiographique marxiste
Authors: Mortari Virgilio
Published: February 2025

Dans un contexte où l’on s’interroge de plus en plus sur les limites de l’histoire du cinéma, deux ouvrages ouvertement polémiques du philosophe marxiste Guido Oldrini, Preliminari a una storia del cinema (2004) et Il Cinema nella cultura del Novecento (2006), entendaient prolonger la perspective de cette « révision critique » que Guido Aristarco avait promue dans la revue Cinema Nuovo – à laquelle Oldrini a assidûment participé. Cet article s’attache au premier d’entre eux, les Preliminari a una storia del cinema qui se voulaient un essai de méthodologie de l’historiographie devant « suggérer » des « nouveaux critères » et une « voie alternative » tant aux approches « formalistes » et « post-modernistes », qu’aux « histoires-chroniques » et à la New Film History. Le défi d’Oldrini était, d’une part, de rejeter l’arbitraire d’une herméneutique prétendant à une subjectivité métahistorique et, d’autre part, d’intégrer au travail historiographique le moment de l’évaluation esthétique pour écarter tout regard soi-disant « neutre », dépassant la pseudo-objectivité d’une historiographie descriptive. Ainsi, selon lui, seule une critique et une axiologie fondées sur les principes du matérialisme dialectique – dans la perspective de l’Esthétique de Lukács – permettraient de mettre en œuvre une historiographie susceptible de devenir une « cartographie critique », c’est-à-dire proprement « historiciste », tout en évitant tout déterminisme sociologique ou idéologique.
Miracle à Maiori, une enquête sur les lieux de Viaggio in Italia
Authors: Baldassari-Phéline Anouk
Published: February 2025

Cet article présente les premiers résultats d’une thèse en cours qui porte sur la genèse du film de Roberto Rossellini Viaggio in Italia (Voyage en Italie), tourné à Naples et dans les environs en 1953. Les recherches de l’auteure l’ont conduite à accorder une attention particulière au village de Maiori, sur la côte amalfitaine, où se déroule la dernière scène. Elle a entrepris de documenter le tournage de ce « miracle » final en conjuguant le travail d’archives et une enquête de terrain parmi la population et les descendants des participants à cette séquence finale. Contrairement à ce qui est souvent affirmé, celle-ci ne fut en rien improvisée sur place mais bel et bien mise en scène avec les habitants du village et de villages environnants, soigneusement préparée. Il reste qu’au terme de ce parcours, le film de Rossellini apparaît comme un lieu de mémoire pour la communauté locale.
Créer des espaces de pratiques langagières hétérogènes : enjeux de la comparaison de langues dans les territoires ultramarins
Authors: Daure Mathieu , Alby Sophie
Published: February 2025

Cette contribution s’intéresse à la comparaison de langues comme levier pour la prise en compte du plurilinguisme des élèves dans les contextes scolaires ultramarins. De nombreuses études sur les situations sociolinguistiques des territoires ultramarins mettent en avant une grande diversité linguistique et culturelle ; cependant le système éducatif s’inscrit dans une continuité territoriale d’une France une et indivisible prônant une idéologie monolingue. Dans un tel contexte, la comparaison de langues, approche s’inscrivant dans le contexte du développement de la didactique du plurilinguisme ou des approches plurielles, apparaît comme une réponse possible à l’enjeu de prise en compte des langues des élèves. Dans le domaine de la didactique du plurilinguisme, deux objectifs se dégagent : comparer les langues pour comprendre ce que les élèves produisent et comparer les langues pour faciliter la compréhension par les élèves - et les enseignant.e.s - de phénomènes grammaticaux. Il s’agit ici de questionner les fondements même d’une telle approche en montrant que la focalisation sur des publics d’élèves spécifiques peut avoir pour conséquence un détournement de son intérêt intrinsèque pour tou.te.s les enseignant.e.s et tou.te.s les élèves et toutes les langues quelles que soient leurs formes de reconnaissances symboliques ou statutaires.
Les inégalités éducatives dans les territoires d’Outre-mer
Authors: Bréant Hugo
Published: February 2025

Les données produites par le ministère de l’Éducation nationale donnent à voir une situation préoccupante dans les départements, régions et collectivités d’Outre-mer (DROM-COM). En effet, les difficultés scolaires – qu’il s’agisse de la faible maîtrise des savoirs et savoir-faire fondamentaux ou de la moindre réussite aux examens – semblent très présentes pour les jeunes qui vivent dans les territoires ultramarins. Ces situations sont souvent expliquées par la spécificité de systèmes éducatifs ultramarins historiquement moins développés. Il semble pourtant que ces particularismes locaux ne puissent expliquer à eux seuls ces inégalités scolaires. Comme dans le reste du pays, les logiques inégalitaires se jouent à la fois dans et hors de l’école, mais sont ici renforcées par la mise à distance de ces territoires par rapport au centre hexagonal. Cette synthèse, qui prend particulièrement appui sur le cas polynésien comme illustration de logiques plus générales, donne à voir la réalité des inégalités éducatives dans les territoires d’Outre-mer – parfois contrastées au sein même des DROM-COM – et interroge leurs logiques de (re)production.
À propos de l’utilisation des savoirs traditionnels en salle de classe, quelques éléments de postface
Authors: Léglise Isabelle , Rossille Adrien , Muni Toke Valelia
Published: February 2025

Ce texte propose de premiers éléments de réflexion sur les enjeux de l’inclusion des langues et des savoirs autochtones à l’école : au-delà des difficultés liées à la contextualisation et à la transposition didactique, se posent des questions éthiques et politiques relatives au caractère patrimonial de ces savoirs, usuellement transmis de manière intergénérationnelle et socialement réglementée.
Décloisonner les pratiques langagières par la comparaison de langues en formation des enseignant.e.s et en salle de classe
Authors: Daure Mathieu , Alby Sophie
Published: February 2025

Comme dans tous les territoires ultramarins, la Guyane se caractérise par sa grande diversité sociolinguistique et socioculturelle. Celle-ci commence à être prise en compte dans le cadre de la mise en place de dispositifs bilingues souvent expérimentaux. Cependant la formation des enseignant.e.s et l’enseignement continuent de s’inscrire dans l’idéologie monolingue qui caractérise le système éducatif français, cloisonnant l’enseignement des langues, les pratiques langagières et excluant généralement les répertoires plurilingues des enseignant.e.s et des élèves. Cette contribution s’intéresse à la comparaison de langues comme levier pour la prise en compte de leurs langues dans l’enseignement en classe dite « ordinaire » en Guyane française. Il s’agit ici de présenter les apports d’une telle approche, d’une part dans le cadre d’expérimentations de modules de formation initiale des enseignant.e.s et d’autre part à partir de données interactionnelles recueillies en salle de classe ordinaire lors de séances de comparaison de langues.
Re-Imagining the Baltic Sea Region and Scandinavia as North-Eastern Europe
Authors: Borioni Paolo , Paci Deborah , Zavatti Francesco
Published: February 2025

L’immagine dell'Europa nord-orientale appare composita e complessa. Sebbene il suo ambito geografico sia attraversato dal Mar Baltico, non si tratta di un'area coerente a livello culturale e politico. Tuttavia, i numerosi investimenti effettuati dagli attori locali e internazionali nel tentativo di definire questo spazio richiedono un esame più attento dei processi di immaginazione e re-immaginazione degli spazi.
Nation Branding: how Sweden changed the narrative
Authors: Nikolić Milena
Published: February 2025

Questo articolo si propone di indagare come la Svezia sia riuscita a trasformare la sua reputazione internazionale appannata nel contesto internazionale del secondo dopoguerra, caratterizzato dall'emergere di due superpotenze. Facendo leva sul concetto di credibilità e rispettabilità della neutralità, analizzeremo i fattori endogeni ed esogeni che hanno portato all'adozione di una strategia di nation branding volta a migliorare l'immagine internazionale della Svezia durante il periodo della Guerra fredda. Considerando le basi storiche della neutralità svedese, l'impatto che i facilitatori interni del marchio nazione svedese hanno avuto sull'identità nazionale, il dilemma della sicurezza alla base della strategia di nation branding e gli strumenti utilizzati per la sua implementazione, esaminiamo come la Svezia sia riuscita a esportare i suoi valori nell'arena internazionale e a garantire lo status della sua politica di neutralità camuffando le perdite di credibilità prodotte dalle asimmetrie effetto dalla divisione Est-Ovest.
The National-Socialist-led German school in Stockholm 1941-1945: an institution of cultural propaganda
Authors: Lindholm Susan
Published: February 2025

Il 21 ottobre 1941, una scuola tedesca sotto il controllo del Partito nazionalsocialista apriva le sue porte a Stoccolma. Alla cerimonia di apertura, tanto i funzionari svedesi quanto quelli tedeschi fecero riferimento ai legami storici di lunga data tra i due Paesi e descrissero la scuola come una garanzia per lo scambio culturale e l'istruzione svedese-tedesca. Lo stesso regime nazionalsocialista covava un interesse speciale per i Paesi nordici in generale, e per la Svezia in particolare, poiché l'Europa settentrionale era considerata come parte essenziale di un Kulturvolk tedesco dai connotati razziali. Tuttavia, mentre il regime nazista prevedeva l'istituzione di una scuola tedesca come strumento di propaganda culturale, al suo interno si rese necessario mantenere un difficile equilibrio. Questo articolo analizza le modalità attraverso cui la scuola divenne parte della propaganda nazionalsocialista, studiando il modo in cui una specifica versione nazista della germanicità fu propugnata e strumentalizzata dai funzionari e dagli insegnanti nazisti tra il 1941 e il 1945.
La contraddittoria parabola ideologica e organizzativa di Forza Italia. Dalla fondazione al congresso di Milano del 1998
Authors: Marino Andrea
Published: February 2025

L’articolo propone una riflessione sulle origini e la trasformazione di Forza Italia dal 1994 al congresso di Milano del 1998. Sono esaminati innanzitutto i miti e le retoriche fondative, i percorsi ideologici e organizzativi iniziali, e successivamente le motivazioni alla base dei progressivi cambiamenti. Forza Italia nasce infatti come un movimento dai tratti decisamente originali: un partito leggero – in contrapposizione alle organizzazioni “pesanti” che avevano dominato la cosiddetta Prima repubblica – e con forti richiami alle idealità liberali rimaste sostanzialmente marginali nel dibattito pubblico dei decenni precedenti. Già dopo il primo anno di vita, nel 1995, comincia in Forza Italia una fase di trasformazione organizzativa e riadattamento ideologico piuttosto radicale. Questa fase trasformativa sarà accompagnata anche da importanti avvicendamenti del gruppo dirigente alla guida del movimento.
Il confine meridionale e i nostri spauracchi nazionalisti
Authors: Michela Miroslav
Published: February 2025

Nel contesto delle questioni territoriali riguardanti i confini tra gli Stati, il problema delle minoranze e dell’uso pubblico della storia rappresenta un argomento estremamente attuale. Il presente saggio si propone di esaminare il caso delle relazioni slovacco-ungheresi, le questioni legate al rapporto Stato-popolazione, in particolare a partire dal trattato del Trianon del 1918, e l’installazione di monumenti e la loro rappresentazione simbolica negli spazi pubblici, considerando l’esempio di Komárno/Komárom, città divisa dal confine tra i due paesi.
Riequilibrare i rapporti globali Nord-Sud: Alexander Langer e la teorizzazione del debito ecologico
Authors: Bassan Clara
Published: February 2025

Quest’articolo analizza l’azione transnazionale della «Campagna Nord-Sud, Biosfera, Sopravvivenza dei popoli, Debito» attiva dal 1988 al 1993. Tale iniziativa fu promossa in Italia da Alexander Langer e da figure provenienti dagli ambiti dell’attivismo ambientale, pacifista, femminista e dalla cooperazione allo sviluppo. Creando un nuovo spazio di riflessione sui temi della giustizia ambientale, della critica alle teorie di sviluppo economico e dei rapporti Nord-Sud, la campagna ha favorito l’incontro tra l’ambientalismo italiano e quello dei paesi del Sud del mondo. La campagna proponeva un discorso alternativo sulle relazioni economiche, ecologiche e politiche tra i Paesi che verteva sulla critica al debito dei paesi poveri, proponendo di sostituirlo con un più equo debito ecologico. Al contempo, si impegnò a livello concreto per la restituzione di alcuni territori dell’Amazzonia tradizionalmente appartenenti alla popolazione indigena degli Xavante, ma acquisiti dall’azienda italiana dell’Agip Petroli. Il contributo utilizza la documentazione prodotta dall’iniziativa in esame.
Dalla nascita della Federazione dei Verdi alla Convenzione internazionale “Verdeuropa” di Firenze (1988): verso una prospettiva ecologica europea dei Verdi italiani
Authors: Grimaldi Giorgio
Published: February 2025

Dalla seconda metà degli anni Ottanta le liste verdi in Italia e il dibattito ecologista diedero vita a proposte e iniziative per affrontare il degrado ambientale e trasformare la politica agendo a differenti livelli, da quello locale a quello internazionale. Sull’onda di un più ampio movimento ecologista transnazionale e nell’ambito della lotta antinucleare i Verdi diedero vita ad una Federazione creando una nuova forza politica nel sistema italiano che entrò in Parlamento e ottenne la vittoria dei referendum sul nucleare. Dopo questi avvenimenti la Federazione dei Verdi organizzò “Verdeuropa”, tenutasi a Firenze dalla fine di ottobre all’inizio del novembre 1988, per raccogliere idee e progetti per una nuova Europa, contrastare i nazionalismi, garantire il diritto all’ambiente ed estinguere il debito ecologico del Nord del mondo nei confronti del Sud.
Visual Representations as Environing Technologies: Anticipating the Øresund Fixed Link in Danish and Swedish Printed Media (1930-1999)
Authors: Zavatti Francesco
Published: February 2025

Questo articolo dimostra che le rappresentazioni visive sono fonti di particolare importanza per indagare la storia culturale e sociale del rapporto uomo-natura. Le rappresentazioni visive di future azioni umane sulla natura e sull’ambiente sono qui considerate come tecnologie che, dando connotazione all’azione umana, rivelano sensibilità e intenzioni delle società del passato riguardo alla tecnologia, all’ambiente e alla natura. Tramite l’analisi di una serie di rappresentazioni visive relative a un’infrastruttura ingegneristica non ancora realizzata e pubblicate sui media svedesi e danesi tra il 1930 e il 1999, l’articolo dimostra che sia le utopie tecnologiche che i moniti relativi alle conseguenze negative dell’impatto della tecnologia sull’ambiente sono coesistite durante lo scorso secolo, dando differenti connotazioni dell’azione umana sulla natura e sull’ambiente e quindi della tecnologia stessa.
Designing Pharmaceuticals Through Ligand-Centric Approaches
Authors: Kulkarni Spoorthi R. , Niranjan Vidya , Mulimani Shradha Anand , Rao Deeksha Umesh
Published: February 2025

The chapter explores the integration of fragment-based drug design (FBDD) and diffusion-based models, exemplified by ProteinReDiff, in advancing ligand-centric approaches to drug discovery. FBDD provides a strategic framework for identifying potential drug candidates, while ProteinReDiff streamlines the redesign process through innovative computational techniques. The chapter discusses the effectiveness of both methodologies in optimizing ligand binding affinity and enhancing drug efficacy, as evidenced by experimental validations. It highlights the paradigm shift brought about by diffusion-based models like ProteinReDiff, which depart from traditional reliance on structural data, making the redesign process more accessible and efficient. The abstract emphasizes the promise of FBDD and diffusion-based models in accelerating therapeutic development and driving innovation in biomedical research, with a focus on transparency and credibility in scientific endeavors.
Molecular Docking Analysis
Authors: Aziz Dara M.
Published: February 2025

Molecular docking, a key tool in computational methods, reveals how molecules bind and interact. While there are many docking programs available, careful selection is vital due to varying needs and resources. In drug discovery, molecular docking is crucial, particularly in virtual screening and repurposing drugs. Its importance is reflected in the development of numerous pharmaceuticals. As data accessibility and computational techniques advance, molecular docking's role in drug discovery grows. It expedites and enhances drug discovery processes, with ongoing advancements promising even greater efficiency and accessibility
Research and Development in Transition
Authors: Seth Shivangi
Published: February 2025

The research and development (R&D) industry is undergoing significant changes due to technological advancements, global challenges, and technological breakthroughs. Technological advancements like big data, machine learning, and artificial intelligence are transforming R&D processes, improving data analysis capabilities. Sustainable solutions are necessary to address resource scarcity, social injustice, and climate change. New funding methods like impact investing, green bonds, and public-private partnerships are supplementing established sources, ensuring R&D programs align with sustainability objectives.
Street Vendors in India
Authors: Gopal Bharathi S. , Davidson Benny Godwin J.
Published: February 2025

This chapter highlights the essence of digital transformation in India among the street vendors who comprise a significant percentage of the informal sector. This chapter gives a brief outlines of street vendors, vendor organizations and the laws that provide a legal status to the street vendors. The chapter discusses the initiatives of the government like PM SVANidhi and ONDC that are expected to usher in ground-breaking changes in the informal sector and for the vast population of street vendors and hawkers. It also emphasizes the adoption of digital transformation technologies especially UPI. The chapter concludes by highlighting the problems of street vendors and climate change, and the role of technology in empowering and making the street vendors an inclusive part of India's growth journey.
Advanced Applications of Artificial Neural Networks in Scientific Research
Authors: Gowda V. Dankan , Gaikwad Anjali Sandeep , Kumari Pilli Lalitha , Buyukbicakci Erdal , Ibrahimoglu Sengul
Published: February 2025

This chapter is focused on discussing various aspects of the application of Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) in scientific research with reference to physics, biology, chemistry, engineering, and environmental sciences. ANNs are discussed with the base on the modeling of complicated systems, the handling of massive amounts of data, as well as forecasting in different fields. Among them are CNNs, RNNs, the increasingly popular Transformers depending on the type of data and the type of tasks they are intended for. It also contains the training, the optimization and the performance measures which are the bare minimum indices defining the stability and the efficiency of ANN structures. Additionally, the proposed system is expanded to incorporate other technologies, including IoT and blockchain, while providing future prospects and directions for Explainable AI (XAI) for improved model interpretability.
Shaping the Future
Authors: Tiwari Ajay , Masilamani M. , Srinivasa Rao T. , Zope Sharmila , Deepak S. A. , Karthick L.
Published: February 2025

Big Data and AI are changing global enterprises, cultures, and human-machine interaction. This chapter discusses this fast-changing world and the intricate interplay between these two massive forces. Industry-wide AI-powered automation, real-time data analytics for agile decision-making, quantum computing's disruptive potential and ramifications for AI capabilities, edge AI's impact on dispersed intelligence, and explainable AI (XAI)'s role in trust and transparency are future topics and Fast technological breakthroughs can innovate and solve global issues, but they also present huge challenges. This chapter forecasts data privacy and robust security in an increasingly interconnected world, algorithmic bias mitigation and AI system fairness and equity, the complex ethical issues surrounding massive AI adoption and its potential societal impacts, the changing regulatory landscape and the need for adaptive governance frameworks, and human-in-the-loop using cutting-edge research, industry best practices, and real-world case studies.
AI-Based Automated Disease Detection Based on Symptoms Healthcare for Pets and Birds
Authors: Ayyaswamy Kathirvel , Gobinath V. M. , Kathirvel Naren , Maheswaran C. P.
Published: February 2025

AI-based healthcare systems use sophisticated algorithms and machine learning techniques to analyze, interpret, and process large amounts of animal health data. Veterinarians and pet owners will benefit from these systems, which provide accurate diagnoses, tailored treatment plans, and proactive health care. Veterinary medicine has witnessed a revolution thanks to the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into pet and bird healthcare systems. A machine-learning-based healthcare system analyzes, interprets, and processes large amounts of animal health data using sophisticated algorithms and machine-learning techniques. Pets and birds cannot express their discomfort or symptoms like humans can, which makes it difficult to identify potential health problems at an early stage.
Advanced Machine Learning Algorithms for Personalized Diabetic Foot Ulcer Treatment
Authors: Ayyalasomayajula Madan Mohan Tito
Published: February 2025

Personalized treatment for diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) is crucial for optimal healing, minimizing complications, and reducing healthcare costs. Machine learning (ML) offers solutions to DFU complexities through accurate predictions, timely interventions, and customized treatments. This chapter delves into advanced ML algorithms for DFU care. Ensemble learning techniques like random forests and gradient boosting enhance model performance and interpretability. Deep learning architectures such as recurrent neural networks (RNNs) and convolutional neural networks (CNNs) process sequential data and images. Reinforcement learning, including Q-learning, is proposed for adaptive treatment plans from real-world inputs. Applications of these ML algorithms include predictive analytics, early detection systems, and multi-factor decision-making. Case studies highlight their clinical effectiveness, improved patient outcomes, and valuable insights. This chapter underscores ML's transformative role in advancing personalized DFU treatment.
Enhancing Water Potability Identification through Random Forest Regression and Genetic Algorithm Optimization
Authors: Setiyanti Michelle , Hoendarto Genrawan , Tjen Jimmy
Published: February 2025

Water quality is important for both environmental sustainability and public health. This research introduces an innovative method for forecasting water quality using Random Forest Regression, optimized through Genetic Algorithm (GA) techniques. The goal is to enhance prediction accuracy and offer meaningful insights for better water resource management. The study employed the “Water Quality Data” dataset, encompassing 11 essential water quality parameters from different locations. After thorough data preprocessing, the Random Forest model, refined with GA optimization, achieved a Mean Squared Error (MSE) of 0.3476 and an accuracy rate of 91.77%, surpassing conventional methods. This approach highlights the effectiveness of merging machine learning algorithms with evolutionary optimization techniques to achieve superior predictive outcomes. Although the dataset was of moderate size, the results show considerable improvements in model accuracy. This work advances the field of water quality prediction by leveraging sophisticated algorithms and emphasizes the significance of hyperparameter tuning. Future research should focus on using larger datasets and examining the specific regions from which the data is collected.
Testing of Biomass Ash from Cashew Nut Shell Waste as a Thermal Insulator
Authors: Oskar Inong , Siang Jeri Tangalajuk , Asri Tandirerung Veronika
Published: February 2025

The aim of this research is to determine the thermal insulation efficiency of cashew nut shell (CNS) ash with a mixture of 1:0.25 (tile nut am-53) and 1:0.25 (tile nut am-53):0.25 (sago). The method used in this research is the experimental method. Research resaeach Heater element capacity is 396 W/m2.°C, resulting in a thermal conductivity of 0.89 watts/m.°C and 106.58 Watt for conduction heat for sample I; and thermal conductivity 0.150 watts/m.°C and 92.16 Watt for conduction heat for sample II. Where the material in Sample I (mixture of cashew shell ash, Tile Grout AM53, and sago with a composition of 1: 0.5: 0.5) is able to insulate heat by 73% and Sample II (mixture of cashew shell ash, Tile Grout AM53, and sago with a composition of 1:0.5:1) by 76.72%.
The Effect of Evaporator Pressure Behavior at Start-Up Conditions of Air Conditioning Systems to Energy Consumption and Heat Transfer
Authors: Siang Jeri Tangalajuk , Patabang Daud
Published: February 2025

The energy issue is necessary today due to the decrease in fossil energy and its impacts on the environment. It is important to use energy effectively. In the air conditioning sector, the energy consumption of air conditioners is the top energy user in buildings. The air conditioner user needs to find the best way to operate the air conditioner. In the present research, the effect of pressure behavior at start-up conditions on the energy consumption and heat transfer process is analyzed. The result shows that the pressure behavior affects the evaporator temperature, specific heat, and thermal conductivity in liquid and vapor conditions. In the first 20-second AC operation, the energy consumption of the AC compressor increases significantly before the compressor work slowly decreases at 40-second operation and remains constant at steady conditions. The negligible heat transfer at the first 20-second AC operation increases steeply for 40 seconds. The heat transfer is steady at 60 seconds of operation and above.
Lean Manufacturing Analysis: Using WAM and VALSAT to Reduce Waste in the Plastic Sack Finishing Process at PT Surya Plastindo
Authors: Pical Ariel Julianus , Irawati Desrina Yusi , Andrian David
Published: February 2025

PT Surya Plastindo is a company that produces plastic sacks. The finishing workstation often encounters various issues, including an excessive number of defective printed products and production quantities consistently exceeding order specifications. This study aims to eliminate waste and implement improvements in the finishing workstation. The lean manufacturing method is suitable for reducing waste at PT Surya Plastindo. The waste elimination process begins with describing the production flow and calculating cycle times for each process, using Value Stream Mapping (VSM) to depict the current state. Subsequently, the Waste Assessment Model (WAM) is employed to weight and rank critical waste. The most critical wastes are further analyzed using value stream mapping tools, with the VALSAT tool selected to map the value flow during production. Finally, a five-why analysis is performed to recommend improvements. According to WAM’s waste weighting calculations, defects (20.76%), motion (18.32%), and overproduction (17.54%) are identified as the most significant wastes. The analysis, combined with discussions with production heads and detailed mapping using VALSAT tools, resulted in three recommendations for improvement: the creation of daily production cards, checklists for printing machines, and plastic sack supports for the printing machines. The implementation of these improvements resulted in a reduction in delays and increased efficiency in plastic sack production.
Numerical Study of Transient Temperature Distribution in Square Fins for Different Convective Heat Transfer Coefficients
Authors: Seen Michael , Mardikus Stefan , Sugiana Kharisma
Published: February 2025

Substantial temperature disparities between machine components and their environment frequently impede the attainment of optimal system performance. To alleviate excessive thermal loads, the utilization of fins as cooling elements is a widely adopted approach. This research endeavors to numerically examine the temperature distribution within a square fin subject to varying convective coefficients. Numerical simulations employing the finite difference method were carried out to forecast the temperature distribution within the fin during the cooling process. The simulation outcomes reveal that the convective coefficient exerts a significant influence on the temperature distribution and the temporal duration required for the fin to attain a steady state. Elevated convective coefficients facilitate accelerated heat transfer from the fin to the cooling fluid and diminished temperature differentials between the fin base and tip. Conversely, augmenting the convective coefficient also culminates in a reduction in fin efficiency as a larger proportion of the heat is unable to reach the fin tip. The findings of this study can contribute to the optimization of fin design in a myriad of mechanical engineering applications.
Design of Solar Panel as Electric Energy Source for Water Pumps at Stella Maris Hospital Makassar
Authors: Patabang Simon , Leda Jeremias , Tobi Agustinus Andri
Published: February 2025

Electrical energy is a crucial requirement to support 24-hour service activities in a hospital. Consequently, the cost of using electrical power is very high. Therefore, it is necessary to utilize electrical energy effectively without compromising the quality of service. One way to reduce electricity consumption from the national grid is by using solar power plants. The electrical load in the hospital that can be shifted to the PLTS power source is the water pump. The water pump operates 24-hour a day to meet the water needs for all service activities in the hospital. This study aims to analyze the design of an off-grid power plant for the water pump at Stella Maris Hospital Makassar. The design and analysis is conducted using quantitative methods. Based on the analysis and design results, it was found that to power a 1,469-watt water pump; a solar panel system with a capacity of 2,400 Watt-peak is needed, consisting of 6 units of 400 Watt-peak solar panels.
Antimicrobial activity of scent leaf (Ocimum gratissimum), turmeric (Curcuma longa) and negro-pepper (Xylopia aethiopica) on selected tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) spoilage microorganisms
Authors: Edem V. E. , Elijah A. I. , Bolarinwa S. O. , Olofintoye B. O. , Etukakpan M. N. , Afolabi E. O.
Published: February 2025

In this study, three spices of plant extracts: scent leaf (Ocimum gratissimum), tumeric (Curcuma longa) and the fruit of Negro-pepper (Xylopia aethiopica) were studied for their antimicrobial activities. Standard methods were adopted for extraction of soluble components in them. Antimicrobial potentials of the three extracts were tested separately and in consortium against selected spoilage microorganisms. Results showed that Ocimum gratissimum, Curcuma longa and Xylopia aethiopica had antimicrobial effects on some of the microorganisms tested. However, none of the extracts were able to inhibit the growth of Proteus vulgaris. Results indicated that minimum inhibitory concentration of scent leaf at 400 mg/mL was able to inhibit the growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Citrobacter freundii, while 500 mg/mL was effective on Escherichia coli as well. Similarly, turmeric at 400 mg/mL inhibited the growth of Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus, while 500 mg/mL of the same extract inhibited Citrobacter freundii as well. Negro pepper shows inhibition above 300 mg/mL. Combined effects of these extracts showed varying degrees of inhibitions.
Impact Of Perceived Organizational Support on Turnover Intention of Sales Employees in A Leading Insurance Company
Authors: Weerasinghe R. D. , Madhushanka W. A. H.
Published: February 2025

Although sales employees are drivers of every organization, amid this economic contraction, they are uncomfortable with unfit sales targets. So, the employees tend to leave, unless organizational support emerges. Under this scenario, organizations light on the retention strategy in this regard. With that objective, the present study was taken to identify the impact of perceived organizational support on turnover intention with the mediating effect of sales employee engagement referring to a leading insurance company in Sri Lanka. Even if there are theoretical and empirical findings well documented for the problem, those may change according to economic fluctuations; the study is based on the specific time in 2022 in Sri Lanka, which was economically difficult for everyone. The study was quantitative, and a sample of 350 non-executive sales employees was selected utilizing the convenience sampling method. The primary data was collected using self-administered questionnaires and analyzed using the SPSS statistical package. The study found that perceived organizational support is significantly related to employee engagement, which in turn has an impact on the turnover intention of the respective employees. Further, employee engagement is found to be a partial mediator (EE = -1.1459) between independent and dependent variables but the direct effect of POS on the DV remains statistically significant (p < 0.001). The study concludes that organizational supportiveness supports eliminating turnover intentions when considering the effect of employee engagement things. Therefore, it suggests practicing more and more engagement activities at the workplace.
Impact of User Perceptions on Sharing Intentions in Sri Lanka's Transportation Sector: An Analysis of Risk, Convenience, Practicality, and Value
Authors: Senarathna W. A. N. M. , Ranasinghe V. R.
Published: February 2025

This research examines how perceived risk, convenience, practicality, and value impact ride-sharing intention in Sri Lanka's Western Province. It employs a deductive approach, utilizing surveys and quantitative analysis. The study focuses on ride-sharing service users in Sri Lanka, with a sample size of 884 determined through simple random sampling. Data was collected via self-administered printed questionnaires, with 900 responses received. However, only 884 responses were considered for analysis due to incomplete or biased questionnaires. SPSS version 26.0 was used to conduct the statistical analysis. The results highlight the significant influence of sharing intention on users' perceptions, emphasizing that user perceptions are pivotal in shaping ride-sharing intention. Hypothesis testing revealed a negative correlation between perceived risk and sharing intention. Parametric tests, including correlation and multiple linear regressions, upheld these findings. Furthermore, there exists a statistically significant positive relationship between perceived convenience, practicality, value, and sharing intention. These findings deepen our understanding of the determinants of ride-sharing intention in Sri Lanka, providing valuable insights for policymakers and industry players to bolster the adoption of ride-sharing services and nurture the sharing economy's growth. Additionally, this study enriches academic comprehension of how the sharing economy can address economic challenges and enhance the quality of life in developing nations like Sri Lanka. Future research endeavors should broaden their scope to encompass all regions of Sri Lanka for enhanced generalizability.
Reviewers of KJHRM – December 2024 – Volume 19 – Issue 02
Authors: Editor-in-Chief .
Published: February 2025

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Miroslav Volf’s public theology in national healing and reconciliation in Zimbabwe
Authors: Useni Joseph C. , Dreyer Wim A.
Published: February 2025

Several individuals use Miroslav Volf’s theology to understand the unity of systematic theology and biblical interpretation, as well as the relationship between church theology and political theology. As a result, his work is associated with politically engaged and well-known theologians such as David Tracy, Reinhold Niebuhr and Jurgen Moltmann. It would be more beneficial to interpret Miroslav Volf’s critical work as an attempt to clarify terms such as ‘common good’, ‘embracing’ and ‘justice’. In addition to examining the political and socioeconomic environment and social exclusion in Zimbabwe, this study encourages a ‘historical-theological’ critique of social justice and social injustice.Intradisciplinary and/or interdisciplinary implications: This article will provide Miroslav Volf’s public theology framework as a point of comparison and critique.
Posttraining Dry Cupping Treatment Elevates Heart Rate Variability in Taekwondo Athletes
Authors: Lu Chi-Cheng , Hung Bao-Lien , Zheng Ai-Chi , Chen Yi-Ying , Fang Shih-Hua
Published: February 2025

Elite taekwondo (TKD) athletes require physical strength and mastery of complex techniques to excel in a highly competitive environment. This study aimed to investigate the effects of dry cupping posttraining on heart rate variability (HRV) and recovery in TKD athletes. Fourteen male TKD athletes participated in a crossover study and were randomly assigned to either a dry cupping (Group CUP) or a placebo group without cupping (Group PLA) after completing a standardized TKD-specific training program. A 28-day washout period was implemented between the two treatments to minimize potential carryover effects. HRV and rated perceived exertion (RPE) were evaluated at three-time points: before training (Pre), immediately after training (Post), and 30 min after rest or dry cupping (Post30) in both groups. The results indicated that heart rate (HR) at Post and Post30 was significantly higher than at Pre in both groups. Low frequency (LF) and the LF/high frequency (HF) ratio at Post were significantly elevated compared to Pre in both groups. However, at Post30, these values remained significantly higher in Group PLA but not in Group CUP. HF at Post was significantly reduced compared to Pre in both groups, but at Post30, this reduction persisted only in Group PLA and not in Group CUP. Significant differences in the levels of LF, HF, and the LF/HF ratio were observed between Group PLA and Group CUP at Post30. The CUP group also showed significantly lower RPE compared to the PLA group at Post30. In conclusion, dry cupping treatment after TKD training significantly improved HRV parameters and reduced perceived fatigue, suggesting its potential as an effective method for enhancing recovery in TKD athletes.
Prevalence of Acute Postoperative Pain with Risk Factors following Appendectomy and Cholecystectomy in Tertiary Hospitals in Eastern Libya
Authors: Makhlouf Salim M. , Algabaily Abdullah K. , Hawil Mohammed R. , Albkouri Faraj O.
Published: February 2025

Background:

Worldwide, individuals frequently have moderate-to-severe acute postoperative pain (POP) throughout the first 24 h following the operation. According to reports, 86% of patients had POP, and in the first 24 h, appendectomy and cholecystectomy were followed by such pain in 30% – 55% of cases. It’s still unclear how common POP is in Libya. Even with the availability of numerous guidelines for POP therapy, assessment and treatment of this type of pain continues to be a significant issue and difficulty globally, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) like Libya.

Aims:

The study aims to assess acute POP’s prevalence and risk factors after elective abdominal operation in the first 24 h among adult patients at tertiary hospitals in Eastern Libya.

Materials and Methods:

This cross-sectional study involved a convenience sample of 150 patients with abdominal surgery. The response rate was 72%. Data gathering was done by unitizing the American Pain Society Patient Outcome Questionnaire--Revised. Version 26 software of Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) was used for data analysis. The numerical rating scale (NRS) was applied to measure POP at 2, 12, and 24 h postoperatively.

Results:

According to an independent t-test, only two items did show differences between risk factors associated with POP between the two groups (appendectomy and cholecystectomy) regarding interfering with the pain in the patient’s activities of daily living (ADLs), P < 0.5. Libyan patients showed an incidence of moderate-to-severe POP (NRS = 8–10) by 28.6%, 7.4%, and 54.6% at 2, 12, and 24 h postoperatively, respectively. Multiple regression results also revealed that the type of drugs used for POP management (POPM) was the only variable with significant differences (B = −0.0330, P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

Comparing our findings to those of other studies, we found that Libyan patients had a greater prevalence of moderate-to-severe acute POP. Consistent with this result, patients in Libya may not have received as much POPM as patients in other nations, as few Libyan patients were given opioids for POPM. We agree that more implementation and patient education for acute POP is essential in Libya.