bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Predicting Politicians' Misconduct: Evidence from Colombia
Authors: Gallego Jorge , Prem Mounu , Vargas Juan F.
Published: October 2022

Corruption has pervasive effects on economic development and the well-being of the population. Despite being crucial and necessary, fighting corruption is not an easy task because it is a difficult phenomenon to measure and detect. However, recent advances in the field of artificial intelligence may help in this quest. In this article, we propose the use of machine learning models to predict municipality-level corruption in a developing country. Using data from disciplinary prosecutions conducted by an anti-corruption agency in Colombia, we trained four canonical models (Random Forests, Gradient Boosting Machine, Lasso, and Neural Networks), and ensemble their predictions, to predict whether or not a mayor will commit acts of corruption. Our models achieve acceptable levels of performance, based on metrics such as the precision and the area under the ROC curve, demonstrating that these tools are useful in predicting where misbehavior is most likely to occur. Moreover, our feature-importance analysis shows us which groups of variables are most important upon predicting corruption.
The Making of Populism at the Workplace. Enterprise Organizations as a Site of Political Preference Formation.
Authors: Wagner Paulus
Published: October 2022

In this article, I use cross-national survey data (ISSP) to show that the social relations at the workplace, measured as the quality of relations between an organizations management and its employees, have an important effect on employees’ political attitudes. Dependently employed citizens, who have a negative experience of workplace relations, are significantly more likely to support populist right-wing parties. I then use qualitative interviews with Austrian and German employees, managers, and company owners to build a typology of workplace relations in small and large organizations that systematically affects political attitude formation, theorizing several channels of politicization of workplace worries. [This article draft was presented at EGN Conference 2022 at EUI, Florence.]
The Social Interaction Model With Production
Authors: Masuda Kazuto
Published: October 2022

We incorporate production into Becker and Murphy’s (2000) social interaction model, based on Kiley (2003). We create a particular utility function for the concrete calculation of social multiplier effects in our simple general equilibrium model, satisfying the strict quasi-concavity. When solving our model, we use the Karush-Kuhn-Tucker theorem, satisfying some general requirements discussed by Fuente (2000) and Osborne (2022) together with the quasi-concave inequality constraints by correctly specifying its domain. Our solution with this particular utility function coincides with the unique global optimum, unlike Brock and Durlauf (1995).
Assessing Project Management and Technology Problems and Future Implication
Authors: Zhang Shoucheng , Singh Harvinder
Published: October 2022

There are several components that constitute the project management process, such as Quality Management (QM) and Control Systems, along with "Time, Cost, and Performance Management", that are integral parts of the project management process. During the course of the project, the project work has also been monitored for quality, as with any normal production or manufacturing operation, and it is important that improvements to the project work are also made as the project. It is important to understand that a project is composed of a number of sequential and concurrent tasks and activities that aim to achieve specific inputs and outputs by the end of the project.inputs and outputs. In order to ensure the work is completed correctly, the tasks and activities are carried out successfully as per plan, and the end product meets the requirements of the client or sponsor in the project, it is extremely important that these inputs and outputs are managed and controlled correctly. The outcome of flawed work on one activity/task would have a detrimental effect on subsequent activities, and subsequent activities would have to be reworked, which would result in a delay in the project, an increase in costs, and a threat to its success.
Cultural Mediation in Tourism Translation: Saudi Arabia as a Case Study
Authors: Alangari Eithar
Published: October 2022

Part of the recent Saudi National Transformation program Vision 2030 is the significant growth of the tourism sector. Opening up the country to international tourists means facilitating access to Saudi culture through translation, where the role of translators as cultural mediators is salient. In the Saudi context, cultural mediation in tourism translation is an under-researched topic. This paper addresses the following question: What is interventionst role of translators as cultural mediators and where do they position the tourist against Arabic-English translated Culture-Specific Items (CSIs) in Saudi-related tourism articles? Drawing on Kwieciński’s (2001) adaption of Venuti’s domestication and foreignization (1995), this study adopts a descriptive approach to analyze the translation strategies in a parallel corpus of Arabic and English articles published on the official website of Saudi tourism Visit Saudi. The findings reveal the active role of translators in providing access to the Saudi culture by extensively adopting the exoticization and explanation strategies in tourism texts to foreignize CSIs, especially in the contexts of traditions and food. This paper, thus, bridges the scholarly gap in Translation Studies by examining cultural mediation in translating tourism texts about Saudi Arabia, focusing on translators’ strategies and how they position Saudi CSIs in the international tourism industry.
A Momentum to the Tender Offer Method of Buyback in India – An Analytical Study
Authors: Rane Prabhakar
Published: October 2022

There are a number of methods of stock buyback by a limited company. However, tender offer and open market repurchases are widely adopted and known methods in India. The present paper concentrates on tender offer. Purpose of the paper is to outline the existing literature exclusively on tender offer and to examine effect of revised guidelines in choosing the method for buyback. The data on number of tender offer repurchases made by the companies in India from 1998 to 2022 have been gathered to analyze and to interpret the effect of the revised guidelines to achieve the objective of the paper. The paper finds that there is a positive effect of the revised guidelines on the choice of the method. The paper concludes that the use of the tender offer method of buyback is increased over a period of time due to the guidelines revised from time to time by the regulatory body to curb the loopholes in the methods.
Nondestructive Evaluation and Analyses of Thermal Spray Coatings: Latest Technology Progresses and Case Studies
Authors: Ma Xinqing , Ruggiero Peter
Published: October 2022

Nondestructive Evaluation and Testing (NDE&T) techniques have been played vital roles in property characterization, process development and quality control of various thermal spray coatings. Besides conventional NDE&T lab methods such as eddy current test (ECT) for thickness measurement and fluorescent penetrant inspection (FPI) for cracking detection, some latest NDE techniques have been developed, demonstrated and applied to evaluate and characterize thermal sprayed coatings recently. The improved and innovative NDE methods provide more capable and accurate measurement to inspect on surface morphology, 2D and 3D coating porosity, oxide content, interface debonding, as well as other types of coating features, defects or specific properties. In this work, some non-contact NDE techniques and their applications were investigated and discussed based on several case studies of thermal sprayed coatings. Laser confocal microscopy had been used for characterizing surface morphologies and roughness profiles of HVOF WC-based coatings with 2D and 3D mapping methods. In particular, thermal wave imaging and ultrasonic micro imaging methods were used to detect the suspicious existence of lateral coating separation within or at the MCrAlY coating-substrate interfaces. Laser dimension sensoring method exhibited the extended capability of in-situ coating thickening measurements on turbine blade and vane. The latest non-contact NDE techniques demonstrated their unique and strong capability for in-situ and ex-situ coating characterization, process and quality control and coating failure analysis.
Fatigue Crack Growth in Plasma Sprayed Refractory Materials
Authors: Kovarik Ondrej , Materna Ales , Siegl Jan , Cizek Jan , Klecka Jakub
Published: October 2022

Fatigue crack growth in self-standing plasma sprayed tungsten and molybdenum beams with artificially introduced notches subjected to pure bending was studied. Beams width, thickness and length was 4 mm, 3 mm and 32 mm respectively. Fatigue crack length was measured using the differential compliance method and fatigue crack growth rate was established as a function of stress intensity factor. Unusual crack opening under compressive loading part of the cycle was detected. Fractographic analysis revealed the respective crack formation mechanisms. At low crack propagation rates, the fatigue crack growth takes place by intergranular splat fracture and splat decohesion for Mo coating. In W coating, intergranular splat fracture and void interconnection formed the fatigue crack. Frequently, the crack deflected from the notch plane being attracted to stress concentrators formed by porosity. At higher values of the stress intensity factor, the splat intergranular cracking become more common and the crack propagated more perpendicularly to the specimen surface.
Microstructure Characterization of Feedstock Ti-6Al-4V Powders and Their Evolution During Cold Spray Deposition and After Heat Treatment
Authors: Bhattiprolu Venkata Satish , Crawford Grant A.
Published: October 2022

Different Ti-6Al-4V feedstock powders (i.e., plasma atomized, gas atomized and hydride de-hydride) and corresponding cold spray depositions were characterized using electron back scatter diffraction and X ray diffraction. In addition, a low temperature heat treatment was applied to the coatings and characterized using the above techniques to understand the microstructural evolution after annealing. XRD did not show BCC phase in the three powders and coatings. The axial ratio for all the powders and coatings were similar to what has been reported for Ti-6Al-4V. Atomized powders and hydride dehydride (HDH) powders were characterized by α' microstructure, and equiaxed α phase microstructure, respectively. Phase maps for HDH powders revealed β phase microstructure distributed around equiaxed α grains. Microstructural evolution during cold spray deposition resulted in the atomized coatings retaining as-received powder microstructure at particle interiors and formation of nanograins near the interface. On the other hand, HDH coatings were characterized by slightly deformed as-received powder microstructure with no evidence for nanograin formation. Higher average grain size of HDH powders resulted in the higher percentage of low angle grain boundaries observed after cold spray deposition. Subsequent heat treatment resulted in recovery, some recrystallization and grain growth for all the coatings. Nonetheless, the extent to which this took place was higher for atomized cold sprayed coatings.
Cold Spray Additive Manufacturing of Al/Diamond Composites Using Core-Shell-Structured Diamond
Authors: Yin Shuo , Lupoi Rocco , Chen Chaoyue
Published: October 2022

In this work, advanced Al/diamond wear-resistance composites were fabricated by solid-state cold spray additive manufacturing using core-shell-structured diamond powders. Based on the experimental results and thorough discussion, it is found that core-shell-structured diamond powders were much easier to deposit than pure Al by cold spray, showing great potentials as feedstock for cold spraying. The deposition mechanism of the Al/diamond composites were dominated by the true metallic bonding between Al matrix and Cu layer, which is different from other conventual cold sprayed metal matrix composites. Tensile tests indicated that the tensile strength of the Al/diamond composites can be higher than cold sprayed pure Al. In addition, the Al/diamond composites had super wear-resistance performance. The wear rate was reduced by 17.8 times for the N4-1 composite and by 37.5 times for the N1-1 composite as compared with cold sprayed Al/Al2O3 composite.
Thermal Stability of Thermophysical Properties of Multiphase Fe-Al Intermetallic/ Oxide Ceramics Coatings Deposited by Gas Detonation Spraying 307
Authors: Panas Andrzej J. , Senderowski Cezary , Fikus Bartosz , Wołczyński Waldemar
Published: October 2022

While depositing Fe-Al intermetallic powders applying a gas detonation spraying a certain coating structures containing oxide ceramics are created. These structures exhibit both extreme mechanical resistance and unusual thermophysical properties (TP) also. One of such property is relatively low thermal conductivity. A possible application as thermal barrier coatings needs precise determination of TP dependence on temperature and resistance of the coating structure to temperature exposition. At present study TPs were investigated for a coating produced from Fe-Al intermetallic powder in a course of complex measurements including DSC analyses, laser flash thermal diffusivity measurements, dilatometric studies complemented with microstructural analyses. The study resulted in full characterization of the investigated structure TPs: density, thermal expansivity, heat capacity and thermal conductivity. During thermal analyses interesting phenomena concerning thermal resistance to the temperature exposition of the investigated coating were revealed. The obtained results complement rather sparse literature data on TPs in that subject and contribute to better understanding of gas detonation spraying (GDS) process technology and intermetallic/oxide structures property understanding.
High Strain Rate Sensitivity of Ultra-High Molecular Weight Polyethylene and Its Consequence on Cold-Spray Deposition Behavior
Authors: Ravi Kesavan , Ogawa Kazuhiro , Deplancke Tiana , Lame Olivier , Cavaillé Jean-Yves
Published: October 2022

The cold spray deposition mechanism of Ultra-High Molecular Weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE) requires a detailed understanding of strain rate sensitivity of UHMWPE. The yield and flow in UHMWPE are complex and sophisticated compared to metals due to their dependency on time, temperature, strain, strain-rate and the history of the processing. In this research work, powder-sintered UHMWPE of 10.5 Mg/mol was subjected to various strain-rates ranging from 10-2 s-1 to 103 s-1 via low compression strain-rate testing and Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar testing (SHPB). The experimental true stress-strain curves in compression of a sintered UHMWPE at pre-yield, yield point, and post-yield were analyzed. The pre-yield and yield point region, 10.5 Mg/mol UHMWPE exhibited an increase in the tangent modulus and the yield stress with an increase in strain rate. Further, the post-yield phenomenon in UHMWPE shows no apparent post-yield softening and shows an increase in the strain hardening with an increase in the strain-rate. The curves at increasingly higher strain rates showed an increasingly pronounced bi-linearity to its flow behavior with the rate of hardening increasing above 10~15% strain. Under the domain tested, the strain rate dependence for UHMWPE can be depicted by a logarithmic fit.
Investigation of a Pulsed DC Arc Spray Process
Authors: Landgrebe Dirk , Brumm Stefan , Kunze Sven , Kimme Jonas , Weis Sebastian , Morgenschweis Jan
Published: October 2022

The modulated direct current of pulsed arcs can be used to influence heat input and drop size in a process reliable and reproducible manner. Modern power sources possess arc controls due to the development in the area of computer engineering, which enable thermal spraying with pulsed current due to their dynamics and efficiency. In order to use this technology in the area of arc spraying (AS), investigations are required on the process behavior depending on the electrical parameters. A plant prototype was available for this investigation. The experiments were conducted using a wire-shaped spraying consumable of an iron-base alloy with a diameter of 1.6 mm. Parameters relevant for the process such as background current Iground, pulsed current Ipulse, pulse duration tpulse etc. were varied and measured using appropriate measuring technology. The objective was to develop an understanding of the process and to determine suitable parameters. Using high speed imaging, the arc was monitored and the melting of the consumables was analyzed. The influence of the pulsed current on the coating was determined by evaluating the porosity and the oxidic phase fractions by using a light microscope. Furthermore, the particle sizes were determined. Layers generated with conventional processes served as a comparison. The investigations on pulsed AS were able to prove stable process characteristics and improved coating results compared to conventional AS.
High Temperature Corrosion Properties of Thermally Sprayed Ceramic Oxide Coatings
Authors: Fantozzi D. , Kiilakoski J. , Koivuluoto H. , Vuoristo P. , Uusitalo M. , Bolelli G. , Testa V. , Lusvarghi L.
Published: October 2022

Oxides are chemically stable and wear resistant materials. Because of these properties, they are often applied as protective coatings in harsh environments. However, their chemical and mechanical stability at high temperature in chlorine containing environments is uncharted. These conditions are present in waste-to-energy and biomass boilers in which the currently available metallic and metal matrix composite coatings provide unsatisfactory protection. To be effective in these conditions the coatings should be chemically inert, erosion resistant and act as environmental barriers. For this purpose, this research studies the corrosion behavior and microstructural features of HVOF and APS-sprayed Al2O3-, Cr2O3-, TiO2-based coatings. Their chemical stability was evaluated by high temperature corrosion testing of self-standing coatings under KCl salt deposit at 550, 650 and 720 °C for the duration of 72 h.
Modeling and Assessment of Dynamic Properties and Thermal History of Powder Particles Under Gas Detonation Spraying Conditions Using a Propane-Air Mixture
Authors: Fikus Bartosz , Panas Andrzej J. , Senderowski Cezary , Wołczyński Waldemar
Published: October 2022

The dynamic properties and thermal history of FeAl particles were estimated and assessed in this study. First, parameters of the detonation process for the investigated mixture were calculated using a thermochemical code. Next, the motion parameters and thermal history of the analyzed powder particles were assessed using computational fluid dynamics software and algorithms developed by the investigators. The appropriate models allowed for determination of melted volume (mass) fraction of a certain analyzed single particles that have diameters ranging from 10 to 160 μm. The results show that only the smallest particles melt under the investigated conditions. Moreover, the estimated radial distribution of the temperature inside the particles is almost homogeneous due to the relatively high FeAl thermal conductivity and relatively low thermal conductance of surface heat transfer. The calculated particle terminal velocity was compared to experimental data and to data from previous studies in the literature to determine the accordance of results among the data sets.
Hot Corrosion Behavior of Selected Thermally Sprayed Alloy Based Coatings
Authors: Česánek Zdeněk , Schubert Jan , Houdková Šárka , Lukáč František
Published: October 2022

Corrosion resistance of coatings deposited by thermal spraying technology HVOF (High Velocity Oxygen Fuel) requires high density in coating and good adhesion to substrate material. The majority of thermally sprayed materials meet the requirements of high corrosion resistance in terms of their composition. However, porous structure raises doubts about the performance of thermally sprayed coatings regarding sufficient protection to the base material. In fact, corrosion protection is a basic coating function. However, , no sufficient attention has been dedicated to the issue of component protection against corrosion attack using HVOF sprayed coatings. In this study, NiCoCrAlY, NiCoCrAlTaReY, NiCoCrAlYHfSi, and CoCrAlYTaCSi coatings were deposited on the substrate material 1.4923. The coatings were deposited using HP/HVOF (High Pressure / High Velocity Oxygen Fuel) thermal spraying technology. The coatings were exposed to the corrosive-aggressive environment in the form of molten salts mixture with composition of 60 % V2O5 and 40 % Na2SO4 at the selected temperature of 750 °C. Further, all coatings were exposed to cyclic conditions. Weight changes of individual specimens were measured after every cycle and results were recorded in diagrams. After the corrosion test, all evaluated coatings were analyzed using scanning electron microscope (SEM), analysis of elemental composition (EDS) and X-Ray diffraction. The NiCoCrAlY and NiCoCrAlTaReY coatings showed the best corrosion protection in selected corrosive aggressive environment, forming the protective oxide layer that prevented further corrosion attack. On the contrary, NiCoCrAlYHfSi and CoCrAlYTaCSi coatings were found not to be suitable for corrosion protection of components working in selected corrosive environment.
The Structure and Oxidation Resistance Behavior of Ni-CrAlY Coatings Prepared by Plating Process
Authors: Huang Lingfeng , Liu Jianming , Cheng Xuying , Zhang Deming , Yu Yueguang
Published: October 2022

MCrAlY(M=Ni, Co, or Ni-Co)coatings with good high temperature oxidation resistance have attracted great interest. They are widely used in gas turbines as protecting layers, such as thermal barrier coatings and seal coatings. Among many methods developed for preparing MCrAlY coatings, electroplating has drawn great attention due to its perfect bond strength, precise controllability, good coating ability for complex shape and so on. In this paper, the MCrAlY coatings have been prepared by a composite plating way. During this process, the CrAlY particles are wrapped with Ni clad layer. The thickness of the composite coatings is controlled at 150- 200 μm. The plating tests results indicate that the density of the clad layers mainly depend on the electroplating time. After that, these coatings are heat treated under the vacuum condition to make elements diffuse, forming homogeneous M(Ni)CrAlY component. The high-temperature oxidation resistance tests of the prepared coatings show good antioxidant ability at 1000 °C under air condition.
Manufacture of Reflective Aluminium Surfaces Using Cold Spray
Authors: Jenkins Richard , Yin Shuo , Aldwell Barry , Lupoi Rocco
Published: October 2022

This research demonstrates the use of cold spray (CS) as an additive manufacturing process to manufacture reflective aluminium coatings. Nitrogen was used as a carrier gas at various gas heating temperatures. Following deposition, the coatings were finished using a number of machining and/or polishing processes to surface roughness values of 20-150 nm. The samples were characterised with respect to total reflectivity within the wavelength range of 400-1800 nm, porosity, surface roughness, and density. The reflectivity of the coatings approached that of bulk material, and 99% dense coatings were obtained. Increasing the gas heating temperature did not decrease the porosity with the lowest gas heating temperature found to deliver the best reflectivity. This work demonstrates that CS can be used to coat thin layers of aluminium onto various materials, which can be subsequently polished to create composite reflectors. This provides a novel reflector with the reflectivity of aluminium, and the structural and thermal properties of the substrate material, allowing for greater flexibility in the manufacture of reflectors.
Spinel Copper Ferrite and Zinc Ferrite Films Synthesized via Solution Precursor Plasma Spray Process for Functional Applications
Authors: Yu Zexin , Liu Meimei , Moliere Michel , Liao Hanlin , Moussa Hatem , Schneider Raphaël , Wang Weize
Published: October 2022

Binary spinel-type metal oxides (AB2O4) semiconductors, including ferrites (AFe2O4), are attractive photocatalysts thanks to their excellent visible light response and good photochemical activity and stability for the photodegradation of organic pollutants. Currently, their synthesis proceeds via conventional chemical routes that follow rather tedious protocols and the final preparations consist in nano-powders, a form that is not exempt of EHS (Environment, health and safety) risks along their handling. From an industry perspective, it is desirable to dispose of an efficient and preferably simple synthesis route capable to produce photocatalytic preparations in a non-dispersible form, for instance in the form of robust films attached on solid substrates. We report herein a single-step method based on the Solution Precursor Plasma Spray (SPPS) process that enables the preparation of promisingly active ferrite-based photocatalytic films, namely CuFe2O4 and ZnFe2O4. We have investigated various types of precursor solutions, including the atomic A/Fe ratios, solvent type and solute concentration, and studied the evolution of the phase composition of the resultant CuFe2O4 and ZnFe2O4 films by XRD. The corresponding surface morphologies and energy bandgaps were also studied by SEM and UV-Vis spectroscopy, respectively. Then the photocatalytic activities of the selective ferrite films were evaluated through the degradation of aqueous solutions of the Orange II dye under different light irradiations. The results of the overall work also revealed that SPPS process represents a fast, one-step, versatile alternative compared to conventional multi-step processes, which is suitable for preparing complex composition metal oxide film-formed photocatalyst.
Manufacture of Low-Temperature SOFC by APS Coating Technology
Authors: Yuan Kang , Yu Yueguang , Ji Xiaojuan , Zhu Bin
Published: October 2022

Ni-Co-Al-Li oxide (NCAL) is an important catalyst material for low-temperature solid oxide fuel cells (LTSOFCs). In this paper, air-plasma spray (APS) coating technology was applied to make NCAL layers on porous steel supports for the LTSOFC. The results showed that NCAL was well deposited on the skeletons of the support. Due to the plasma heating, the original LiMO2 phase transferred to Li-deficient Li0.4M1.6O2 phase simultaneously forming Li-rich oxide. New fuel cell structures were designed. The stability of the fuel cells was evaluated by performing galvanostatic test at 500 °C. The influence of the cell structures and quality on the electronic property of the cells was discussed.
Study on the Fabrication and Performance of Very Low Pressure Plasma Sprayed Large-Area Porous Metal Supported Solid Oxide Fuel Cell
Authors: Gao Jiu-Tao , Li Cheng-Xin , Wang Yue-Peng , Zhang Shan-Lin , Yang Guan-Jun , Li Chang-Jiu
Published: October 2022

High manufacturing costs and long-term degradation are the main problems that have become a “bottleneck” and impeded SOFC’s further development. It is well known that a high operating temperature is the major cause that leads to these problems. As such, reducing the operating temperature becomes a hotspot of research. It has been reported that a uniform and dense coating can be prepared by using very low pressure plasma spraying (VLPPS) technology. The current study focuses on VLPPS for application in large-area (~100 × 100 mm) porous metal supported solid oxide fuel cell (MSSOFC), especially for the preparation of the electrolyte. It was found that the densification of the electrolyte was very good, as confirmed by the open-circuit voltage (OCV) of the cell. In the temperature range of 550~750°C, the OCV of the cell stabilized between 1.05 V and 1.1 V. The power density of the cell was also measured.
Evaluation of Two Repair Methods for Duplex-Coatings
Authors: Bobzin Kirsten , Öte Mehmet , Knoch Martin Andreas , Prenger Frank , Jantze Raphael
Published: October 2022

The economic use of offshore wind turbines requires a reliable and long-lasting corrosion protection. Sophisticated multilayer coating systems consisting of a thermal spray coating – mainly ZnAl15, a sealer and several layers of organic coating – have been proven to provide such protection. Damages to these duplex-coatings can, however, not be prevented necessitating on-site repair. In case of severe damages, the remaining coating close to the damage is often removed and subsequently, the duplex coating is rebuilt from scratch. In the present study, two integrated coating removal and substrate pre-treatment methods are investigated. For this purpose, duplex-systems were produced, artificially damaged by milling and afterwards treated by either grit blasting or with a rotating steel-wire brush, i.e. a Monti Bristle Blaster. Afterwards, the duplex coating was re-applied in the considered area. To evaluate the influence of the pre-treatment method on the coatings’ corrosion protection potential, a 38 week-long salt spray test was used. The test revealed a pronounced influence of the pre-treatment method on the corrosion protection potential. In case of grit blasting, no substrate corrosion could be detected. The use of a Bristle Blaster, however, resulted in coating failure and some spots of red rust.
Flame Sprayed Environmentally Friendly High Density Polyethylene (PE) and Capsaicin Composite Coatings for Marine Antifouling Applications
Authors: Liu Yi , Shao Xiaoqi , Huang Jing , Li Hua
Published: October 2022

Marine biofouling has emerged as worldwide serious problems for artificial marine infrastructures. Among the measures taken so far to solve such problems, construction of an antifouling layer has been proven to be effective in offering long-term antifouling performances. Antifouling based on the use of biocides is the most important method in modern maritime industries. While tributyltin (TBT)-based self-polishing coatings are being replaced by other biocide-releasing coatings, the environmental toxicity of these compounds is also under scrutiny. Therefore, there is a significant interest in developing non-toxic technologies. Green biocides can also be extracted from many types of organisms including terrestrial plants, sea creatures and bacteria. In this study, flame sprayed polyethylene (PE)-capsaicin composite coatings were developed for marine antifouling applications. Capsaicin powder were fixed by polymer-based substrate and distributed evenly. Antifouling test indicated excellent antibacterial properties of PE-capsaicin composite coatings against adhesion of marine Bacillus sp. bacteria. Prohibited formation of biofilm on the surfaces of the thermal sprayed composite coatings gives clear insight into their potential applications as antifouling layers in the marine environment.
Fabrication of Superhydrophobic Ceramic Coatings via a Novel Solution Precursor Vacuum Plasma Spray Process
Authors: Xu Pengyun , Coyle Thomas W. , Mostaghimi Javad , Pershin Larry
Published: October 2022

The plasma jet in the vacuum plasma spray process presents characteristics such as supersonic flow, expanded jet dimensions, and a smaller decay rate for jet velocity and temperature that are distinctly different than in atmospheric plasma spray. In this work, a solution precursor vacuum plasma spray (SPVPS) process is described, which combines vacuum plasma spray with solution precursor as the feedstock. The deposition of superhydrophobic ceramic coatings via the SPVPS process is explored. Yb2O3 coatings are deposited by a radial injection of Yb(NO3)3 solution in the anode of an F4-VB torch operating under a pressure of 150-250 mbar. Solution precursor atmospheric plasma spray (SPAPS) is also applied to deposit superhydrophobic Yb2O3 coatings for comparison with the SPVPS process. The wetting behaviors of the coatings are characterized by water contact angle measurement, water rolloff test, and dynamic water impact test. The experimental setup, plasma jet characteristics, interactions of solution droplets and plasma, microstructure and wetting behaviors of coatings in the two distinct processes are compared and discussed.
Influence of Spraying Parameters on the Diamond Decomposition of HVOF-sprayed Nickel-Diamond Coatings
Authors: Tillmann W. , Brinkhoff A.
Published: October 2022

Diamond is the hardest known material and hence is suitable for a large, diverse field of applications for industrial processing tools. Different types of diamonds are used for these tools. For example, large diamonds are frequently used to industrially process minerals, while fine diamonds are used to process glass or carbon fibre reinforced plastic, as well as for grinding and lapping processes. A major challenge when processing diamonds is the process temperature as diamonds show decomposition effects at higher temperatures. Thermally spraying processes, which have the advantage of having only a small thermal influence on diamonds due to the short dwelling time of the particles in the flame, are going to be investigated as an alternative processing method for diamond-reinforced coatings. Additionally, these processes are flexible regarding the application process of contour accurate coatings. This paper gives an insight into the relationship between spray process parameters and the diamond decomposition concerning the particle temperature during the spraying process. For this purpose, the process parameters are varied and the resulting coatings are characterized, analyzing their influence on the diamonds in the coating. One focus of this paper is the scanning electron microscopical investigation of a thermally induced carbonating of the diamonds.
REFUGEE STUDENTS IN THE CONTEXT OF INTERSECTIONALITY APPROACH
Authors: ARIK Ferhat
Published: October 2022

Turkey is the country hosting the highest number of refugees in the world, and a large majority of this population is refugees with temporary protection status from Syria. In this immigrant group, where the number of young populations is quite high, the number of students enrolling in universities in Turkey is increasing. However, education life provides advantages on the one hand, and on the other hand brings the disadvantages experienced by immigrants to the surface. The study is based on the intersectionality approach in order to reveal the advantages and disadvantages of students under temporary protection in their education life. Thus, the study aims to give a different and original perspective to the subject of migration and education. The intersectionality approach refers to the social position of an individual that emerges when different categories such as race, ethnicity, gender, socio-economic class, age, disability, intersect and affect each other.   In the study, which has a qualitative research design, in-depth interviews were conducted with 13 students studying at Hatay Mustafa Kemal University using semi-structured question forums. As a result of the study, it has been revealed that it is insufficient to explain the inequalities experienced by Syrian students in the education process by simply linking them to being refugees/immigrants. Instead, it has been understood that factors such as gender and roles, academic language deficiency, low socio-economic status, digital inadequacy and division, family and work environment, etc. affect each other.
Distribution of planktonic organisms of tidal bays of the White sea under the influence of hydrodynamical conditions
Authors: Primakov I.M.
Published: October 2022

The White Sea is one of the most explored water areas in Russia. However, the number of works, devoted to the planktonic fauna distribution of the tidal water areas, is limited, which is explained by the lack of hydrodynamical regime researches of these areas. In the article, the results of the computer simulation of hydrodynamical processes in the Chupa, Keret and Nikolskaya inlets of the White Sea are presented. The simulations were performed with the computer program “CARDINAL” (Coastal Area Dynamics Investigation Algorithm). It is shown that planktonic organisms living in the same water areas under the identical hydrodynamical conditions have various strategies directed either to removal to the open areas of the sea, or to the natural habitat preservation.
The Paradox of Gender Performativity in Winnie-the-Pooh
Authors: Kamalakshan Krishnapriya , Swamy Sumathy K.
Published: October 2022

In a heteronormative society, boys and girls are trained to dress and act in ways regarded appropriate for their respective genders. Even during play, a boy is expected to indulge only in activities that are traditionally considered masculine. A. A. Milne was inspired by his son’s pretend play to write the Pooh books. From the illustrations in the book, which were modeled upon the real Christopher Robin and his toys, and various biographical material on the Pooh books, it can be discerned that the young boy was dressed in a gender-nonconforming fashion. This article probes this paradox of gender performativity in Christopher Robin’s character in Winnie-the-Pooh (1926), wherein the child performs acts considered masculine in his imaginative play, while going against gender norms in his real-life appearance.
“Imaginative? More Like Normative”
Authors: Moody Jeana
Published: October 2022

Mune: Guardian of the Moon is a children’s animated film about a series of misadventures resulting in a lighthearted good-versus-evil plotline. This movie attempts to be imaginative and original, and succeeds in some ways, through positioning slight-figured, compassionate, shy Mune as the hero of the story and using dreams of transformation instead of fists to defeat evil. However, it falls short through its stereotypical depictions of masculinities and gendered dynamics. Rather than portraying diverse and alternate ways that masculinity can be performed, Mune utilizes normative gender roles and hegemonic masculinity to emphasize that even small, unassuming young men can adequately fulfill typical masculine leadership roles, so long as they are most powerful and ultimately win the girl.
Results of the study of blue honeysuckle (Lonicera Caerulea L.) in Federal Horticultural Center for Breeding, Agrotechnology and Nursery
Authors: Imamkulova Z. A. , Kozak N. V. , Medvedev S. M.
Published: October 2022

The results of a long-term study of varieties and samples of blue honeysuckle Lonicera caerulea L. are presented in the conditions of the Moscow region. The purpose of the work is to identify sources of economically valuable traits. 56 domestic samples of various origins were studied. The most valuable forms for cultivation and further breeding work have been identified, which have large fruit, good fruit taste, lack of tendency to untimely awakening of the kidneys and shedding of fruits during ripening. These characteristics distinguish the varieties of medium-early and medium maturation - Lebedushka, Marina, Kuminovka, Lazurnaya, Moskovskaya 23, Gzhelskaya Early, medium-late and late maturation - Leningrad Giant, Julia, Violet. The Nizhny Novgorod Early variety and the Tatiana sample are the earliest, they are also sources of good fruit taste and are not prone to bud awakening in autumn, but their fruits crumble heavily when ripe.
EVALUASI KEBERGUNAAN E-LEARNING MENGGUNAKAN DIMENSI USABILITY DAN METODE IMPORTANCE PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS (IPA)
Authors: Rusi Ibnur
Published: October 2022

E-learning merupakan salah satu sarana penunjang yang dapat digunakan oleh institusi pendidikan untuk dapat melaksanakan proses pembelajaran secara daring. Keberadaan e-learning memberikan banyak manfaat kepada institusi, diantaranya adalah institusi dapat memonitor performa belajar siswa dengan melihat activities and tasks yang dikerjakan. Madrasah Aliyah Negeri (MAN) Singkawang merupakan salah satu sekolah menengah atas berbasis keagamaan yang menerapkan e-learning dalam proses pembelajaran, namun sampai saat ini e-learning MAN Singkawang belum pernah dilakukan pengukuran ketergunaan sistem e-learning, sehingga pihak yang berkepentingan terhadap e-learning ini belum dapat mengetahui kualitas e-learning berdasarkan aspek ketergunaan tersebut. Terdapat dimensi yang bisa digunakan untuk mengevaluasi kebergunaan e-learning dan memberikan rekomendasi perbaikan, yaitu dimensi usability dan metode Importance Performance Analysis (IPA). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi kebergunaan e-learning pada MAN Singkawang. Hasil yang diperoleh terdapat atribut atau layanan pada e-learning MAN Singkawang yang perlu ditingkatkan fungsi kegunaannya dan diberikan rekomendasi perbaikan.
Effect of substituting oats and soybeans on the physicochemical composition of burgers and obtaining functional foods
Authors: Hadi Sara Thamer , Jameel Firas Riyadh , Hamid Mohammed Majid
Published: October 2022

Background: Plant foods, as functional foods, provide not only the essential nutrients needed to sustain life but also low-energy foods for health promotion and disease prevention, the burger, made of several types of meat, contains soy and oats in varying proportions to enhance its chemical and physical properties, as well as to test the efficacy of soy and oat flour as fat alternatives.Objective: The goal of this study was to conduct chemical and physical analyses to Calculation of proportions to determine whether use this type of hamburger Fast food energy reduction might be used for the manufacturing of low- fat beef burgers, the treatment of obesity and autism,Materials and Methods: For both oats and soybeans, there were three burger treatments made of beef, chicken, and lamb, with a ratio of 5, 10, and 15% of each utilized to construct the model items. The meat fillers and fine fat were blended in a grinder. The Burger sample weight was 75 g and kept chilled on 40C for 24 hours.Results: The burger fillers which contain 10% oats and 10% soy and 5%, 15% ratios, respectively, made improvement in the chemical qualities notably with beef and lamb, respectively, while improving physical properties especially with beef and lamb.Conclusion: Low fat and high fiber kofta meat can be made using oat flour with an 8.0% oat flour and 0.5% carrageenan, with little negative impact on its physicochemical and sensory properties.Keywords: Meat, chemical, physical, Burgers, Oats, Soybean, functional foods.
Aktivitas Antioksidan pada Kopi Arabika (Coffea arabica L.) yang Diolah Dengan Mesin Espresso dan Manual Brew Pour Over V60
Authors: Asrina Rina , Zulfiah Zulfiah , Kamal Sainal Edi , Roosevelt Alfreds , Patandung Gerfan , Murniati Murniati , Amiruddin Achmad , Djajanti Agust Dwi , Rusli Rusli
Published: October 2022

Arabica coffee (Coffea arabica L.) is a type of coffee that is very popular with the public, usually consumed in the form of a drink by brewing coffee grounds where the content of saponins, phenols, chlorogenic acid, mangiferin and flavonoids shows the presence of antioxidant activity that is needed to fight free radicals. Coffee connoisseurs can choose coffee processing methods to obtain high antioxidants. This study aims to determine the antioxidant activity of Arabica coffee processed with an espresso machine and manual brew pour over V60. The design of this study was a laboratory observation study using the DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) method. Antioxidant activity was determined by comparing the IC50 values. The results showed that the highest % inhibition of each filtrate based on espresso machine processing and manual brew pour over v60 was 73.750% and 77.632%, respectively. The IC50 values for espresso and manual brew filtrates were 324,289 ppm and 447.352 ppm, respectively. As for ascorbic acid as a comparison, the inhibition percentage was 79.585% with an IC50 value of 6.185 ppm. With this it can be concluded that the highest antioxidant activity is found in coffee filtrate processed with an espresso machine, but both coffee bean filtrates have very weak antioxidant activity because they are in the range > 200 ppm.Keywords: Antioxidant, arabica coffeeKopi arabika (Coffea arabica L.) merupakan jenis kopi yang sangat digemari masyarakat, biasanya dikonsumsi dalam bentuk minuman dengan menyeduh bubuk kopidimana kandungan senyawa saponin, fenol, asam klorogenat, mangiferin dan flavonoid menunjukan adanya aktivitas antioksidan yang sangat diperlukan untuk melawan radikal bebas. Penikmat kopi bisa memilih metode pengolahan kopi untuk memperoleh antioksidan yang tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antioksidan kopi arabika yang diolah dengan mesin espresso dan manual brew pour over V60. Desain penelitian ini adalah penelitian observasi laboratorium menggunakan metode DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl). Aktivitas antioksidan ditentukan dengan membandingkan nilai IC50nya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan %inhibisi tertinggi masing-masing filtrat berdasarkan pengolahan mesin espresso dan manual brew pour over v60 yaitu sebesar 73,750% dan 77,632%. Nilai IC50 filtrat espresso dan manual brew adalah 324,289 ppm dan 447,352 ppm. Sedangkan untuk asam askorbat sebagai pembanding %inhibisinya yaitu 79,585% dengan nilai IC50 6,185 ppm. Dengan ini  dapat disimpulkan bahwa aktivitas antioksidan tertinggi terdapat pada filtrat kopi yang diolah dengan mesin espresso, namun kedua filtrat biji kopi tersebut memiliki aktivitas antioksidan yang tergolong sangat lemah karena berada pada range >200 ppm.Kata kunci : Antioksidan, kopi arabika
Kantian Constructivism and Practical Reasoning in Clinical Bioethics
Authors: Morelli Jacopo
Published: October 2022

Philosophers are often accused of constructing theoretical systems that are disconnected from real problems, detached from concrete issues, and sheltered in their _Turris eburnea. _This is a criticism that needs to be explicitly addressed, especially by moral philosophers. In this paper I set out to show how the metaethical and normative debate can reconnect with applied ethics: I will argue that moral constructivism can relate to empirical evidence in some areas, such as the biomedical field, to adapt their normative claims accordingly.

        Firstly, after briefly introducing and defining the field of practical reasoning, I will show what moral constructivism is and what it can do in practice to face moral dilemmas. Secondly, I will argue that in the biomedical field it is possible to have behaviors, both on the part of patients and health professionals, that can be addressed as practically irrational, and I will also show which tools we can use to counter this irrationality[1]. However, the objective of this paper does not stop here and wants to propose not only blocking strategies for irrational demands, but also proactive proposals for cures, implementing the proposal of Kantian constructivism with Viafora's proposal centered on respecting the dignity of the patient as a person.

        Finally, I will argue that the set of principles we can draw from the various cases, while serving the important function of guiding us in future situations, do not constitute a complete theory of practical reasoning or ethical theory. What philosophy can do in the field of bioethics is not to provide a definitive list of rules, since the variety and diversity of the contingent cases will always be too wide to fit into overly defined schemes. Philosophy can, however, provide a common language for approaching morally relevant problems and for enabling agents to grasp the moral significance of concrete situations with the right tools.