bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The nature and the content of a logistical approach to reducing food wastage
Authors: Tyapuhin Alexey P. , Kolovertnova Maria Y. , Guseva Elena P.
Published: August 2021

Subject. Food security is an integral part of the state welfare. Improving the provision of food to the population is a pressing social and economic problem. Accounting and control of agricultural losses and food waste is one of the most significant components of the country's sustainable development. In the current context, it has become increasingly important to identify the prerequisites for the development of a logistical approach to reducing food wastage. Objectives. The development of the main principles of a logistical approach to reducing food wastage and their characteristics. Methods. The research was conducted with the help of a systematic approach and statistical and theoretical research methods. The authors also used the information resources of Rosstat databases and federal and regional normative and legal documents. Scientific literature by Russian and international authors was studied and an analysis of the research and practical materials was made. Results. The application of a logistical approach during the stage of production, processing, marketing, and utilisation of foodstuffs will enable meeting on a high level the food needs of the population without unnecessary losses and spoilage. Conclusions. Logistics as a new concept of managing material and related financial and information flows is becoming increasingly popular in agroindustrial industries. The logistical tools are particularly efficient for procurement and distribution of end products. The provision of resources for farmers and the promotion of their products on the market based on the principles of logistics have significant economic, social, and environmental benefits. One of the most effective tools for reducing losses and the spoilage of foodstuffs, and thus providing a better service for the end uses, is logistics management.
Developing a stock management strategy in a commercial enterprise
Authors: Vasyanina Viktoriya I.
Published: August 2021

Subject. The coronavirus pandemic has brought serious economic consequences, which have primarily affected small and medium-sized businesses. The office supply industry, whose products are widely used by office workers, students, and teachers, is no exception. Distance working and learning have reshaped the demand for the products of stationery companies. Therefore, it is necessary to analyse which products are in highest demand and most profitable for a company and to optimise the stock, which cannot be done without using mathematical tools. On a daily basis, employees of a commercial enterprise have to make procurement decisions: what products need to be ordered, in what quantities, and how often. Effective stock management allows avoiding a stock shortage or an overstocked warehouse, which, of course, has an impact on the revenue of the company and its competitiveness. Objectives. To analyse stationary supplies and to identify the most profitable products for the company. To determine the optimal amount of purchasing for the goods with the highest demand. Methods. The study used the methods of comparative and structural analysis, the descriptive method, the method of studying documents and the results of activities, ABC-analysis, stock management models, and numerical optimisation methods. Results. The main results are as follows: the most profitable products for the company have been identified; a stock management strategy for products with the highest demand has been developed. Solving a linear programming problem helped determine the optimum order amounts for certain goods and the best intervals between deliveries. Conclusions. The developed stock management strategy will allow the company to provide the necessary amount of goods with the highest demand in the warehouse.
Modern approaches to improve the efficiency of talent management in a company with a complex structure
Authors: Inchina Ekaterina P.
Published: August 2021

Subject. The article considers the issue of improving the system of talent management aimed at increasing its efficiency. It presents an overview of works dedicated to the study of the nature of talent in the context of searching effective forms for organisational talent management in a company with a complex structure. Objectives. To describe the methods used to assess the effectiveness of talent management in an organisation with a complex structure, to identify their strengths and weaknesses. Methods. The study used the method of the assessment centre to assess the impact of talent indicators on the final financial results of the organisation, and a balanced method of assessing the effectiveness of talent management. Most organisations with complex structures do not run special programmes aimed at the development of professional competencies of talented employees, which eliminates the possibility of a systematic approach to this task. Another problem is that organisations with complex structures have no system of methods of performance-based talent ranking, which would greatly facilitate the assessment of the talented employees’ performance. A discrepancy between the theory and practice explains the necessity to develop a method to evaluate the performance of talented employees’ and their contribution to the implementation of the strategy aimed at the improvement of financial and economic performance in an organisation with a complex structure. Conclusions. The process of talent management in an organisation with a complex structure will be efficient if an adapted project process method is implemented. The method involves creating individual "performance and effectiveness charts" to evaluate the performance of talented employees, which ultimately will enhance their motivation and improve the financial and economic performance of the organization. This methodology takes into account each completed project, highlighting in the final report both incurred expenses associated with the participation of the talented employee in it and the revenue derived as a result of their work.
Factors associated with self-medication in undergraduate medical students v1
Authors: Machado Alba Jorge
Published: August 2021

Aim: Self-medication refers to the use of medications to treat self-diagnosed disorders or symptoms, and it can lead to health problems. This habit is widely practiced by university students, especially those studying medicine.The objective was to identify the frequency and factors associated with self-medication in students of two medical schools in Colombia. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study that identified self-medication in medical students in the first semester of 2020 based on a self-reported questionnaire. Sociodemographic, comorbidity, and pharmacological variables were considered. Descriptive, bivariate, and multivariate analyses were performed. Results: The questionnaire was completed by 292 students. They had a median age of 22.0 years (interquartile range: 20.3-23.0) and were 68.2% women. A total of 72.9% reported having self-medicated. The most commonly used drugs were nonopioid analgesics (96.7%). The main reason for self-medication was thinking that the health problem was not serious (55.9%). Having taken a university pharmacology class (OR: 2.82; 95% CI: 1.50-5.28; p = 0.001) was associated with a higher probability of self-medication. Conclusions: Self-medication is common in undergraduate medical students, especially in those who have already formally studied pharmacology. These findings raise the possibility of designing pedagogical strategies on this topic.
STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT OF FOOTBALL CLUB DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Solntsev I. V.
Published: August 2021

This research is aimed  to analyze the impact of the coronavirus pandemic on professional football clubs, identify the problems they face and propose strategic anti-crisis measures. The work is based on the analysis of the mapping study on measuring the economic impact of COVID-19 on the sport sector in the EU, provided by European Commission; analytical reports from Deloitte and KPMG containing empirical data on European football, academic research by foreign scientists examining the impact of the pandemic on the football industry. The study resulted in the author's strategic measures to improve the efficiency of football clubs in the face of restrictions caused by the spread of coronavirus, and a system of performance indicators (KPI), concerning the business developments during a pandemic. These results can be used in the strategic management of football clubs, as well as in the development strategies of federations, leagues and individual clubs, and can lead to an increase in the overall efficiency of their activities and the achievement of economic and social results. For the first time, the work carried out a comprehensive study of the consequences of the pandemic for the development of the football industry and offered the author’s view of solving current problems and finding new ways to develop the football business.
A META-ORGANIZATIONAL APPROACH TO FACILITATING INNOVATIONS IN PROFESSIONAL SPORTS ORGANIZATIONS
Authors: Osokin N. A.
Published: August 2021

This paper aims to assess the feasibility of a meta-organizational approach to implementing and incentivizing innovations in professional sports organizations.

The author adopts a case study method approach. Data collection was conducted via semi-structured interviews with representatives of Russian professional sports organizations. The results of the interviews were codified using a manual content analysis framework.

This study reviews the case of creating a ‘Unified supporter base’ in the Kontinental Hockey League in partnership with SAP. The project was implemented in five phases. This approach helped ensure a gradual innovation adoption process within the meta-organization. Among the key success factors the author highlights the high relevance of the proposed innovative solution as well the league’s role in minimizing resource barriers by implementing a financial incentive scheme.

This is the first attempt in the Russian academic literature to conduct an empirical analysis on innovation in professional sports organizations. The author also proposes a novel approach to studying innovation using meta-organization theory.
INDUSTRY CORPORATE INNOVATION RISKS: ЕMPIRICAL RESEARCH RESULTS
Authors: Kuznetsova M. O.
Published: August 2021

In the article, a review of Russian and foreign literature was carried out, which allowed to consider the main standards of risk management and quantitative methods of risk assessment. The correlation-regression analysis of risks revealed the most significant risks affecting the efficiency of corporate innovation implementation in industrial companies. These include: misunderstanding the importance of innovation for the company; lack of financial resources for innovation; low level of support for the company’s top management for the introduction of innovative processes. A regression model of the impact of risks on the effectiveness of corporate innovation was built, which will predict the degree of impact of risks on the effectiveness of corporate innovation. Recommendations on improving the risk management system for various levels of innovative development of industrial companies are proposed, which are aimed at increasing the efficiency of introducing corporate innovations in industrial companies and ensuring a high level of competitiveness of companies.
The Influence of The Question Box Media Assisted Teams Games Tournament Model on Science Learning Outcomes at Elementary School
Authors: Zulherman Zulherman , Iba Khairil , Paramita Andhini Ayu , Supriansyah Supriansyah , Aji Galih Baskoro
Published: August 2021

This study aims to provide an empirical picture of whether or not the Teams Games-Tournament (TGT) learning model aided by Question Box media has an impact on the fourth-grade science learning outcomes at SDN Cengkareng Barat 16 Pagi West Jakarta in the second semester of the 2018/2019 academic year. The research population consisted of 55 students consisting of 28 students of class IV A and 27 students of IV B. The sampling technique used is saturated sampling. This study used a quantitative approach, and the research method used was a quasi-experimental design with a Nonequivalent Posttest-Only Control Group Design. The result showed an effect of the Teams Games-Tournament (TGT) learning model assisted by the question box media on student learning outcomes in science.
Implementasi Program Adiwiyata Berbasis Partisipatif Dalam Menumbuhkan Nilai-Nilai Karakter di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Aini Tantri Nur , Akbar Sa’dun , Winahyu Sri Estu
Published: August 2021

This study aims to describe the implementation and character values that grow in students through the participatory-based Adiwiyata program at SDN Bareng 3 Malang. This research uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive research type. Data collection techniques in research are interviews, observation, and documentation. The results showed that SDN Bareng 3 Malang has implemented a participatory-based Adiwiyata program under the standards of participatory-based environmental activities. The activities include (a) maintenance and maintenance of the school building and environment; (b) participating in environmental action activities with outside parties; (c) forge partnerships and utilize sources from various parties to enhance environmental learning. As for the character values that grow in students of SDN Bareng 3 Malang, namely cooperation, caring for the environment, being independent, creative, disciplined, nationalist, religious, and responsible. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan implementasi dan nilai-nilai karakter yang tumbuh pada diri siswa melalui program Adiwiyata berbasis partisipatif di SDN Bareng 3 Malang. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian adalah wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa SDN Bareng 3 Malang telah mengimplementasikan program Adiwiyata berbasis partisipatif sesuai dengan standar kegiatan lingkungan berbasis partisipatif. Bentuk kegiatannya yaitu, (a) pemeliharaan serta perawatan gedung dan lingkungan sekolah; (b) mengikuti kegiatan aksi peduli lingkungan bersama pihak luar; (c) menjalin kemitraan dan memanfaatkan sumber dari berbagai pihak untuk meningkatkan pembelajaran lingkungan hidup. Adapun nilai karakter yang tumbuh pada diri siswa SDN Bareng 3 Malang, yaitu gotong royong, peduli lingkungan, mandiri, kreatif, disiplin, nasionalis, religius, dan tanggung jawab.
Montelukast effects on lymphocyte in asthmatic children
Authors: Mustafa Faraidwn , Salem Nidhal Abudul Kahder , Mohamad Shaswar Ali , Al-Wasiti Estabraq AR.
Published: August 2021

Asthma is a common disease in children with grief consequences on social and educational performance of sufferer. Montelueukas has been a mainstay drug for asthma attack controller medication. However, its effect on blood is not well defined. The main objective is to determine the effect of the drug on white blood cells. This case control study encompasses 72 children with confirmed asthma, 36 of them received 4mg of monteleukast granule daily for four months, the remaining half did not receive the drug. Complete Blood Count (CBC) was performed at the beginning of the study and then monthly till the end of the study. There was no statistically significant difference in the CBC parameters at beginning and during the first two months (P>0.5) between the two group. There was a trend toward a reduction in the lymphocyte count in the treated group in the third month in comparison to the control one. The last CBC measurement (4 months) showed statistically significant reduction in the lymphocyte count (P<0.01) in the treated group when compared to the control group. In conclusion: Monteleukast negatively influence the number of lymphocytes and caution should be exercised to avoid prescribing the drug in conditions known to reduce lymphocyte counts such as Covid-19 infection.
Faktor Kriminologi Narapidana Residivis Pencurian di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Kelas II B Kota Tasikmalaya
Authors: Karelina Yola , Susila Muh. Endriyo
Published: August 2021

Tindak pidana pencurian merupakan tindak pidana yang sering terjadi dalam masyarakat. Sebagian pelaku bahkan menganggap pencurian merupakan pekerjaannya. Karena sanksi yang diberikan kurang memberikan efek jera, banyak pelaku tindak pidana pencurian mengulangi perbuatannya atau disebut juga residivis. Penelitian ini menjelaskan tentang faktor-faktor yang menyebabkan terjadinya pengulangan tindak pidana pencurian dan bagaimana pembinaan terhadap narapidana residivis pencurian di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Kelas IIB Kota Tasikmalaya. Penelitian yang bersifat yuridis empiris ini menggunakan data primer dan data sekunder. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan studi kepustakaan dan studi lapangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor utama penyebab terjadinya pengulangan tindak pidana pencurian di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Kelas IIB Kota Tasikmalaya adalah faktor ekonomi. Terkait pembinaan terhadap narapidana residivis pencurian, tidak ada perbedaan khusus. Sama halnya dengan narapidana umumnya, pembinaan terhadap narapidana residivis pencurian di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Kelas IIB Kota Tasikmalaya dilakukan berdasarkan Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 58 Tahun 1999 tentang Syarat-syarat dan Tata Cara Pelaksanaan Wewenang, Tugas dan Tanggungjawab Perawatan Tahanan.
Cystic cervical metastasis: A diagnostic dilemma
Authors: Gupta Manish , Singh Anshul , Kaur Cynthia , Gupta Akanksha
Published: August 2021

Metastasis of head neck squamous cell carcinoma to regional deep cervical nodes is a common and usually are bony hard, solid. But sometimes they may present as a cystic mass which makes it a diagnostic challenge, in absence of evident primary, for the treating doctor. Previously they have been labeled as cancers of branchial cleft cysts which have undergone malignant degeneration. With the advancement in understanding of tumor pathophysiology most researchers now have concluded that these are tumors from tissue of waldeyer’s ring which have the potential of producing cystic cervical metastasis.

: A 57-year-old male presented to our department with a right side slow growing neck swelling for 2 years. The rest of ear, nose, throat examination was normal. The fine needle aspiration cytology revealed clear fluid. The diagnosis of branchial cleft cyst was made and patient counselled for surgery for benign lesion. After a period of one month the patient presented with change in voice, difficulty in swallowing and another swelling on left side of the neck. FNAC from the left side swelling revealed metastatic squamous cell carcinoma and PET-CT revealed a tongue base growth. Patient underwent an excision of growth from tongue base and neck dissection on both sides.

Even for cystic neck swelling in an adult over 40 years of age, the possibility of malignancy should be kept, until proven otherwise.
Water in the Time of Drought II: Lessons from Droughts around the World
Authors: Ortiz Raphaëlle , Núñez Anamaría , Cathala Corinne , Rios Ana R. , Nalesso Mauro
Published: August 2021

This technical note is an update to the previous "Water in the Time of Drought: Lessons from Five Droughts Around the World", published in 2018. It explores drought situations and policies in Spain (including the Canary Islands), Chile, Mexico, the dry corridor between Honduras, Guatemala, and El Salvador, Brazil, and South Africa. Each of these countries has recently dealt with droughts and/or developed long-term solutions to manage them. HydroBID, a tool developed by the IDB, will be presented through relevant case studies. After defining drought experiences and institutional frameworks in each country, the brief will explore the successes and challenges of national drought and water management policies. Best practices and lessons learned will be extracted from each case study to help policymakers better prepare for droughts.
El BID: Vol. 17, no. 7, julio 1990
Authors:   Inter-American Development Bank
Published: August 2021

EL BID informa sobre el desarrollo económico y social de América Latina y el Caribe y sobre las actividades del Banco. Se publica 10 veces al año en ingles, español, portugués y francés.
Método Comparatista Arosemeniano: La Historia Constitucional Comparada en el pensamiento de don Justo Arosemena
Authors: Calderon-Valencia Felipe
Published: August 2021

Este artículo se propone establecer las bases de un método comparatista arosemeniano, analizando tres obras de Justo Arosemena sobre derecho constitucional. Este estudio conmemora uno de los grandes constitucionalistas colombianos del siglo XIX, a quien se le atribuya, además de ser el padre de la nacionalidad panameña, haber sido protagonista de la Constitución de los Estados Unidos de Colombia de 1863, particularidades que deberían hacer una referencia más visible del ideario latinoamericano. Para alcanzar el objetivo propuesto, la metodología trabajada tiene un enfoque cualitativo y usa el análisis discursivo como técnica de análisis de datos. El texto se divide en tres partes, en donde la primera aborda el comparatismo promovido por Arosemena; en la segunda se reflexionar sobre las tres sus obras; y, en la tercera, se extraen las conclusiones.
Building a Resilient Telecommunications Sector in Puerto Rico in the Aftermath of Hurricanes Irma and Maria
Authors: Cordova Amado , Stanley Karlyn , Kochhar Ajay , Consaul Ryan , Hodiak Justin
Published: August 2021

In September 2017, following two catastrophic hurricanes, Puerto Rico's wireline, wireless and cable networks were rendered largely inoperable. As this article will illustrate, the causes of this devasting failure of the telecommunications sector were not attributable to Hurricanes Irma and Maria alone. The hurricanes revealed the fragility of Puerto Rico's telecommunications infrastructure, which failed, leaving the majority of Puerto Rican citizens without a means to communicate by phone or by Internet or to reach 911 for emergency services for weeks or months. This article will also summarize the 33 courses of action (COAs) for rebuilding the telecommunications sector that were proposed by the Homeland Security Operational Analysis Center, a Federally Funded Research and Development Center (FFRDC) operated by the RAND Corporation and adopted by the government of Puerto Rico. These COAs were prepared as part of the Congressionally mandated Puerto Rico economic and disaster recovery plan. Even though significant progress has been made toward recovery in Puerto Rico, substantial investment is still required to achieve a resilient and robust telecommunications sector. The estimated cost for the 33 COAs was $3.2 billion. The overall cost estimate for the Puerto Rico recovery plan, including all sectors, was $139 billion.
A Strategic Approach to Flood Risk Management
Authors: Wells Andrew , Klenzendorf J. Brandon , Myler W. Garrett
Published: August 2021

Between 2015 and 2019, 3,475 deaths occurred, and nearly $400 billion dollars of damage was incurred due to flooding and tropical cyclones in the United States. Despite several initiatives at the federal level, a unified national strategy for flood risk management does not exist in the United States. The approach also varies widely from state to state. Since all communities in a watershed are tied together through river systems, water resource management must take place on a regional basis. This paper outlines the current structure of flood risk management in the U.S., examines present needs, and suggests an organizational restructuring to provide for a more strategic approach to infrastructure security. Chief among the recommendations is to consolidate overlapping federal agencies, create a clear hierarchy of flood risk management at all levels of government, mandate participation in national programs, and require that states take an active role in flood risk planning and infrastructure management.
Optical vortices with an infinite number of screw dislocations
Authors: Kovalev A.A.
Published: August 2021

In optical data transmission with using vortex laser beams, data can be encoded by the topological charge, which is theoretically unlimited. However, the topological charge of a single separate vortex (screw dislocation) is limited by possibilities of its generating. Therefore, we investigate here three examples of multivortex Gaussian light fields (two beams are form-invariant and one beam is astigmatic) with an unbounded (countable) set of screw dislocations. As a result, such fields have an infinite topological charge. The first beam has the complex amplitude of the Gaussian beam, but multiplied by the cosine function with a squared vortex argument. Phase singularity points of such a beam reside in the waist plane on the Cartesian axes and their density grows with increasing distance from the optical axis. The transverse intensity distribution of such a beam has a shape of a four-pointed star. All the optical vortices in this beam has the same topological charge of +1. The second beam also has the complex amplitude of the Gaussian beam, multiplied by the vortex-argument cosine function, but the cosine is raised to an arbitrary power. This beam has a countable number of the optical vortices, which reside in the waist plane uniformly on one Cartesian axis and the topological charge of each vortex equals to power, to which the cosine function is raised. The transverse intensity distribution of such beam consists of two light spots residing on a straight line, orthogonal to a straight line with the optical vortices. Finally, the third beam is similar to the first one in many properties, but it is generated with a tilted cylindrical lens from a 1D parabolic-argument cosine grating.
Optical detection of values of separate aberrations using a multi-channel filter matched with phase Zernike functions
Authors: Khorin P.A. , Volotovskiy S.G. , Khonina S.N.
Published: August 2021

The use of a multichannel wavefront sensor matched with phase Zernike functions to determine the type and magnitude of aberration in the analyzed wavefront is investigated. The approach is based on stepwise compensation of wavefront aberrations based on a dynamically tunable spatial light modulator. As criteria for successful detection, not only the magnitude of the correlation peak, but also the maximum intensity, compactness, and orientation of the distribution in each diffraction order are considered. On the basis of numerical simulation, the efficiency of the proposed approach is shown for detecting both weak and strong (up to a wavelength) wavefront aberrations.
Modeling of quantum-like cognitive phenomena by the Fourier-holography technique under the choice of alternatives
Authors:   ITMO University, Pavlov A.V.
Published: August 2021

The article is dedicated to the search for a biologically motivated mechanism of the cognitive phenomenon of violation of the classical formula of total probability for the disjunction of incompatible events, which is considered by a number of researchers as a quantum-like phenomenon. A classical mechanism implemented by the 6f Fourier holography scheme of the resonant architecture that does not require reference to quantum mechanics either in its physical nature or at the level of formalism is demonstrated. In the analysis, the decision-making is interpreted as a choice of alternatives by using the non-cooperative game "Prisoner's Dilemma". The approach to the task is based on the search for a mechanism for forming a conditional estimate under a condition that contradicts the rule of monotonous decision logic. It is demonstrated that this estimate, in contrast to the unconditional and conditional one with a non-contradictory condition, is formed by logic with exception. The ring architecture of the holographic setup corresponds to the biologically inspired neural network concept of the excitation ring and implements cognitive dissonance on logic with exception. Conditions and ranges of violation of the classical formula of total probability in relation to the correlation radius of the reference image recorded in a hologram storing the monotone logic inference rule are analytically determined. The analytical model is confirmed by a quantitative coincidence of the results of numerical modeling with the published results of natural experiments.
Switching median filter for suppressing multi-pixel impulse noise
Authors:   Ryazan State Radio Engineering University named after V.F. Utkin, Trubitsyn A.A. , Grachev E.Yu. ,   Ryazan State Radio Engineering University named after V.F. Utkin
Published: August 2021

This paper proposes a new switching median filter for suppressing multi-pixel impulse noise in X-ray images. A multi-pixel impulse is understood as a set of several neighboring pixels, the intensity of each significantly exceeds background intensity. Multi-pixel noise can occur, for example, due to the blooming effect, the reason being the limited value of pixel saturation capacity. This article defines the thresholds for the intensity increment relative to the eight immediate neighbors, above which the current pixel is processed by the median filter. The dependence of these thresholds on the number of pixels in an impulse is presented. The proposed algorithm is based on the median filtering process, which consists of several iterations. In this case, the filter has the smallest possible size, which minimizes image distortion during processing. In particular, to exclude a single-pixel impulse, pixel processing is turned on when intensity surge exceeds 3.5 with the grayscale value ranging from 0 to 1. At the same time, to exclude nine-pixel impulses, three iterations are required with the following thresholds: the first iteration with a threshold 2.0; the second iteration also with a threshold 2.0 and the third iteration with a threshold 3.5. The algorithm proposed was tested on real X-ray images corrupted by multi-pixel impulse noise. The algorithm is not only simple, but also reliable and suitable for real-time implementation and application. The efficiency of the technique is shown in comparison with other known filtering methods with respect to the degree of noise suppression. The main result of the testing is that only the proposed method allows excluding multi-pixel noise. Other advantage of the algorithm is its weak effect on the level of Gaussian noise leading to the absence of image blurring (or preserving image details) during processing.
Spatial Shopping Behavior in a Multi-Channel Environment: A Discrete Choice Model Approach
Authors: Wieland Thomas
Published: August 2021

Spatial impacts of online shopping are discussed frequently in retail geography. Here, online shopping is mostly regarded as a central driver of competition for physical retailing and its locations, such as town centers or malls. Due to its high popularity, cross-channel shopping is sometimes considered to be a support for physical retailing. However, traditional retail location theory does not consider shopping channels other than in-store shopping. Furthermore, although online shopping is far too important to be neglected in examining consumer spatial shopping behavior, there is an obvious lack in the previous literature towards incorporating multi- and cross-channel shopping into store choice models. The present study aims to identify the main drivers of store choice on the basis that both in-store and online shopping alternatives are available, as well as the opportunity for cross-channel shopping. Taking into account previous literature on both physical store choice and multi-channel shopping, hypotheses on the impact of different shopping transaction costs (such as travel time, delivery charges, or uncertainty with respect to the stores' assortment) were derived. Based on a representative consumer survey, real past shopping decisions in three retail sectors (groceries, consumer electronics [CE], and furniture) were collected. The econometric analysis of empirical store choices was performed using a nested logit model which includes both physical and online stores. The results confirm several assumptions of classical retail location theory as well as previous findings from single-firm studies and stated choice experiments on multi-channel shopping behavior. Travel time to physical stores reduces consumer utility and store choice probability, respectively. Consumer sensitivity towards travel time decreases with decreasing purchase frequency of the desired goods. Delivery charges also decrease the likelihood of choosing a store. The impact of cross-channel integration on store choice (assuming the reduction of consumer transaction costs) is considerably lower than expected and differs between retail sectors. While furniture retailers profit from enabling cross-channel shopping, there is no such competitive advantage found for grocery and CE retailers. The positive effect of assortment on condition of diminishing marginal utility is confirmed for grocery stores and CE stores, but not for furniture stores. From a theoretical perspective, this study shows that multi- and cross-channel shopping behavior does not contradict the main thoughts of classical retail location theory. From a practical perspective, the study is a contribution as store choice models play a significant role in both business location planning and governmental land use planning.
The Evolution of Green Shipping Practices Adoption in the International Maritime Industry
Authors: Md Moshiul Alam , Mohammad Roslina , Fariha Anjum Hira , Yesmin Alia , Chelliapan Shreeshivadasan
Published: August 2021

Seaborne trade exhibits a continual expansion with technological advancement, reportedly 10.7 billion tons in 2017, with a 3.8% growth annually. It is forecast to double in the next two decades (UNCTAD, 2018). The International Maritime Organization (IMO) is persistently heading to stricter regulatory amendments to steer shipping towards a greener and more sustainable future. Therefore, green shipping has drawn enormous interest from both academia and researchers. This paper summarizes a comprehensive bibliometric analysis aiming to understand the development of research trends in this area and suggest future research. Most of the research is focused on air pollution, practical operation or technical measures, recycling for GSP in the shipping sector. The theoretical approach to GSP and its concept is yet to be crystalline for the marine industry. According to existing research, further study is required to establish a GSP construct and propose pollution abatement technical solutions with a comprehensive evaluating tool. Besides, scholars from different territories may collaboratively suggest setting up standards and legislation of GSP for the life cycle of the ship to achieve an ever-sustainable maritime transport industry worldwide.
The Efficacy of Persian Medicine Based Life Style Modification on Functional Bloating: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Moulazadeh Alireza , Sedigh Rahimabadi Masih , Rostami chijan Mahsa , Naghizadeh Mohammad Mahdi , Khonche Ahmad , Saberi Mohsen , Sardari Mehdi , Sharifi Olounabadi Ahmadreza
Published: August 2021

Functional bloating is one of the gastrointestinal diseases that impacts the quality of life and social activities of the patients. The present study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of lifestyle modification based on Persian Medicine (PM) on functional bloating improvement. Fifty patients with functional bloating and ROME III confirmation criteria were enrolled in the study groups of control and intervention. The intervention group received lifestyle modification education based on PM perspectives, and the control group did not receive any training. The score of implementing PM recommendations by patients was evaluated by the questionnaire of “compliance with the PM principles effective on functional bloating” once every two weeks during the two months of the study. The severity of clinical Complications Associated with Functional Bloating (CAFB) was also evaluated before and after the study by visual analog scale. Primary and secondary outcomes were analyzed by t-test and ANCOVA in SPSS version 19. The qualitative data analysis was performed via Chi-square and Mann-Whitney tests. The severity of clinical CAFB was significantly higher in women at baseline (P = 0.027). Lifestyle modification of patients led to a gradual increase in compliance with the PM principles. By the end of the study, the mean score of compliance with the PM principles in the intervention group was significantly higher compared to the pre-intervention score (P<0.0001) and also compared to the control group (P < 0.0001). Besides, the educational intervention resulted in a significant decrease (51.8%) in the mean severity of all clinical CAFB in the intervention group before and after training (P < 0.0001) and between the control group and the intervention group (P < 0.0001). Therefore, Lifestyle modification based on PM probably can be effective in improving the clinical complications of functional bloating.
Facilities of Badminton Field in West Sumatera
Authors: Sepdanius Endang
Published: August 2021

This study aims to reveal the suitability of badminton field facilities in West Sumatera based on badminton regulatory indicators. The criteria used are the criteria issued by the Badminton game rules of the World Federation. The method in this research uses quantitative methods with a descriptive approach. Data were collected by conducting direct observations in the field and interviews with field owners. The results of the research were that 78% of the field meets the criteria related to the width of the field line, 81% was related to the height of the pole, 73% was related to the depth of the net, 78% was related to the width of the net, 71% was related to the net height in the middle of the field, 79% was related to the net height at double pile area, 34% related to no gap between the netting and the netting posts, 90% to the length of the court, 86% was related to the width of the doubles court, 77% to the width of the single court, 75% to the net distance to the short service line, 79% to the long service area of ​​the singles. Information from interviews found that carpet-based fields met the requirements of the field because they were installed directly by the consultant, while fields with other materials only expected information from the internet and did not get clear source information.
Traditional Medicinal Uses, Phytochemicals, and Pharmacological Activities of Genus Rhamnus: A review
Authors: NİGUSSİE Gashaw , MELAK Haregua , ENDALE ANNİSA Milkyas
Published: August 2021

The genus Rhamnus belongs to the Rhamnaceae family, which contains approximately 137 species, traditionally used as folk medicine in East Asia, North and South America, and subtropical regions of Africa. The genus is used traditionally to treat diseases such as cancer, wound, jaundice, hepatitis, gonorrhea, laxative, hypertension, malaria, stomach ache, snake bite and diarrhea. Anthraquinones and flavonoids are the most cited compounds from the genus of which polyphenols were abundant with tremendous antioxidant, wound healing and antiinflammatory activities. Pharmacological activity evaluation of the extracts and isolated compounds revealed anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimalarial, antibacterial, anti-mutagenic, anti-genotoxic, hepatoprotective, anticancer, and anti-proliferative activity. The genus afforded drug leads such as 6-methoxysorigenin (12) and prinoidin (23) with anti-tyrosinase and cytotoxicity, respectively, as well as antioxidant drug leads such as Kaempferol-3-O-β-rhamninoside (31) rhamnetin-3-O-β-isorhamninoside (37) and isotorachrysone (55). The present review endeavors to provide a comprehensive and up to date compilation of documented traditional medicinal uses, phytochemicals and pharmacological activities of the genus and provided valuable information in support of its uses as an alternative medicine for future healthcare practice.
Resistant arterial hypertension: the search of new approaches to antihypertensive drug therapy
Authors: Kuzmin O. B. , Landar L. N. , Serdyuk S. V. , Belyanin V. V. , Tulina L. M.
Published: August 2021

Improving the effectiveness of drug therapy and reducing the risk of adverse cardiovascular and renal outcomes in patients with resistant hypertension (HTN) remains an unsolved problem of cardiology. The results of the PATHWAY-2, PATHWAY-3 and ReHOT studies have shown the clinical efﬁcacy of spironolactone, amiloride and, to a lesser extent, the antiadrenergic drugs clonidine, bisoprolol and doxazosin in improving blood pressure (BP) control in this patient population. However, the inclusion of spironolactone and other known drugs in antihypertensive therapy does not ensure the achievement of target BP level in a signiﬁcant proportion of these patients. The review presents the results of clinical studies of new approaches aimed at increasing the effectiveness of drug therapy in resistant HTN including sodium-glucose cotransporter type 2 inhibitors, brain aminopeptidase A inhibitors, and new antagonists of endothelin receptors.
Сomputed tomography in assessing the severity of patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension
Authors: Pishchulov K. A. , Simakova M. A. , Karpova D. V. , Moiseeva O. M.
Published: August 2021

Objective. To evaluate the role of computed tomography in the assessment of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) severity. Design and methods. We included 41 patients. Chest dual-energy CT-computed tomographic angiography was performed according to the standard protocol and in some cases Dual Energy mode was used. The patients were divided into 2 groups: with proximal and distal types of pulmonary artery lesions. Results. Quanadli index and Score index showed a signiﬁcant negative correlation with the value of cardiac output (CO) (r = –0,591, p < 0,05; r = –0,531, p < 0,001, respectively), mixed venous blood saturation (SvO2) (r = –0,457, p = 0,065; r = –0,595, p < 0,001, respectively). For the Score index, signiﬁcant negative correlations were established with both the CO value: r = –0,531, p < 0,001, the SvO2 r = –0,595, p < 0,001, and with the N-terminal pro-B type natriuretic peptide (NTproBNP) value (r = –0,537, p = 0,003). Correlations are also found in the analysis within the compared groups. The Quanadli index correlated with the mean pressure in the pulmonary artery in the group with the proximal type of lesion (r = 0,825, p = 0,012). Pulmonary artery aneurysms were detected in 39 % (n = 16) patients. There was a positive correlation between the presence of a pulmonary artery aneurysm and the functional class of CTEPH (r = 0,526, p = 0,007) in patients with the distal lesion. Conclusions. Quanadli and Score indices are promising tools for CTEPH severity assessment.
Homoarginine as a laboratory cardiovascular risk biomarker
Authors: Zhloba A. A. , Subbotina Tatyana F. , Tishkov Artem V. , Reypolskaya Tatyana Yu.
Published: August 2021

Background. Low plasma concentration of L-homoarginine (hArg) is associated with the progression of cardiovascular disease. However, the association between plasma hArg and cardiovascular complications in hypertension is not established. Objective. To assess and compare hArg levels as a biomarker of cardiovascular risk in hypertension. Design and methods. We included 60 hypertensives with moderate (n = 12), high (n = 16) and very high (n = 32) cardiovascular risk. Blood plasma tests including hArg were assessed. The control group included 30 age-matched regular donors. Results. The level of hArg was signiﬁcantly lower in hypertensives compared to ocontrols (р < 0,001). There were negative correlations between hArg and echocardiography parameters of left ventricular hypertrophy. In the higher cardiovascular risk groups hArg was lower (р = 0,042). ROC-analysis showed AUC 0,860 (95 % conﬁdence interval 0,787–0,933) with the threshold for hArg ≤ 1,69 µM, sensitivity 72,0 % and speciﬁcity 93,3 %. Conclusion. The hArg plasma level is associated with the expression and enzyme activity of the protein arginine: glycinamidinetransferase in various tissues. The hArg level ≤ 1,69 µM can be considered a cumulative laboratory biomarker of high cardiovascular risk. Further studies of prognostic and diagnostic role of hArg are needed.
Cognitive functions, quality of life in patients with dyscirculatory (vascular) encephalopathy II stage in northerners from the position of ICF
Authors: Yakovchuk E. D. , Penina G. O.
Published: August 2021

Objective. The aim of the study was to analyze cognitive functions, emotional disorders, the quality of life with the application of the International Classiﬁcation of Functioning (ICF) in patients with chronic cerebrovascular diseases, dyscirculatory (vascular) encephalopathy II stage in the Komi Republic. Design and methods. In the clinics of the Komi Republic, we examined 126 people (mean age — 65,8 ± 10,1 years; women comprised 76 participants, 60,3 %, p ≤ 0,05) with dyscirculatory (vascular) encephalopathy. Complaints and anamnesis were analyzed, somatic and neurological status, cognitive functions, emotional status, and sleep were assessed. Results. Out of 126 patients, 44,5 % patients are employed (56 people). Among non-working patients with an established group of disability, 35,7 % (in 14,3 % disability 2nd degree (10 people), in 21,4 % — disability 3rd degree (15 people), p ≤ 0,05). Among the workers, 3 people (5,3%) had disability 3rd degree. Hypertension (HTN) I stage was detected in 10,6 %, HTN II stage — in 44,4 %, HTN III stage — in 45 % (p ≤ 0,05); 27,8 % had history of ischemic heart disease, 7,2 % — myocardial infarction, 19,1% — cerebrovascular accident, 8,6% — heart rhythm disturbances, 15,8 % — signiﬁcant stenosis of the brachiocephalic arteries. Based on memory function assessment by ICF, none demonstrated normal results. Mild cognitive impairment was usually found, and there was no case of dementia. Dysfunction in the domain of blood pressure function was found in all patients. The dysfunction of blood vessels was found in all patients with chronic cerebral ischemia II stage. Daily activities were reduced due to the physical dysfunction. According to the total assessment of health status by the SF-36 scale, the physical and mental components of health were similarly decreased. Conclusions. The SF-36 (questionnaire for assessing the quality of life) and ICF (International Classiﬁcation of Functioning, Disabilities and Health) complement each other. Cognitive scales are the basic tools for examination of patients with chronic cerebral ischemia, making diagnosis according to ICF, and treating cognitive, physical and emotional disorders in dyscirculatory (vascular) encephalopathy.
Hypertension and dyslipidemia. Parallel risk factor control: role of ﬁxed combination
Authors: Konradi A. O. , Alieva A. S.
Published: August 2021

The combined effect of dyslipidemia and high blood pressure largely contributes to the development and progression of cardiovascular diseases, and therefore the control of these risk factors should be a priority strategy both within primary and secondary prevention. A concept of a polypill, which provides effective control of both blood pressure and lipid proﬁle, is a promising strategy. It allows of controlling several factors of the cardiovascular continuum, and contributes to a higher patient adherence to treatment. Therefore, the wider implementation of a polypill strategy will improve patients’ prognosis and quality of life.
Przestrzenie turystyki i ich transformacja we współczesnym świecie
Authors: Liszewski Stanisław
Published: August 2021

Celem autora pracy było poszukiwanie odpowiedzi na kilka pytań: czy przestrzeń turystyczna jest jednoimienna, czy też istnieją różne przestrzenie turystyki, jakie przestrzenie kreuje człowiek w czasie swojej ruchliwości turystycznej? W wyniku prowadzonych badań autor wyróżnił trzy generalne typy przestrzeni: wyobraźni turystycznych (A), ograniczonej dostępności (B) i realne przestrzenie turystyki (C) oraz kilka cząstkowych przestrzeni (podprzestrzeni) turystycznych, które omówił i scharakteryzował. W konkluzji autor sugeruje, aby przedmiotem badań nad turystyką uczynić przestrzeń lub przestrzenie turystyki.