bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pelatihan Sistem Bercocok Tanam Hidroponik dan Pengolahan Limbah Menjadi Produk Daur Ulang yang Bermanfaat di Desa Barengkok Tangerang
Authors: Irawati Wahyu , Cartir Grace Charity Mary , Sulardi Georgine Gladis Paula
Published: January 2021

Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (PkM) merupakan salah satu sarana untuk menjalankan misi Universitas Pelita Harapan yaitu berkontribusi pada kemajuan ilmu pengetahuan dan kebudayaan yang dipimpin oleh wawasan dunia Kristen alkitabiah serta berpartisipasi secara redemtif dalam pengembangan individu dan masyarakat bagi kemuliaan Allah. Kegiatan PkM dilaksanakan di Desa Barengkok, Kabupaten Bogor, Jawa Barat, Indonesia. Analisis situasi menunjukkan bahwa Desa Barengkok tidak memiliki sumber daya manusia yang memahami cara penanganan sampah dan cara bercocok tanam hidroponik yang benar. Mereka terbiasa “memusnahkan” sampah dengan cara dibakar sehingga menyebabkan terjadinya pencemaran udara dan tanah. Tujuan PkM adalah agar penduduk: (1) dapat mengaplikasikan penanaman hidroponik, (2) dapat membedakan jenis-jenis sampah dan mendaur ulang sampah untuk menghasilkan produk yang bermanfaat. Metode PkM yang digunakan adalah metode ceramah dan pelatihan yang pelaksanaannya dibantu oleh mahasiswa Student Life Universitas Pelita Harapan. Kegiatan PkM dilaksanakan pada hari Sabtu, 10 November 2018, pukul 10.00-13.00 WIB yang dihadiri oleh 34 orang peserta. Warga dibagi ke dalam tiga kelompok yaitu: 1) kelompok hidroponik; 2) kelompok daur ulang sampah plastik; dan 3) kelompok daur ulang sampah kertas. Kegiatan PkM menghasilkan pemahaman warga akan pentingnya mendaur ulang sampah, dapat mempraktekkan cara pembuatan produk daur ulang yang bermanfaat serta cara bercocok tanam hidroponik.
Edukasi Dan Pelatihan Pertolongan Pertama Tanggap Darurat Pada Anggota Palang Merah Remaja (PMR) Dan Osis Smp Pahoa Terpadu Gading Serpong, Tangerang
Authors: Hutasoit Elissa Oktoviani , . Juhdeliena , Siswadi Yakobus , Panjaitan Masrida Adolina , Cicilia Sarah Lidya
Published: January 2021

Remaja merupakan masa dimana terjadinya pertumbuhan dan perkembangan yang pesat baik secara fisik, psikologis maupun intelektual. Remaja merupakan salah satu kelompok vulnerable dalam tatanan masyarakat, mereka memiliki aktivitas yang dinamis, namun kadang tidak diimbangi dengan istirahat serta pola makan yang teratur. Banyaknya aktifitas yang dilakukan oleh siswa/i di sekolah membuat mereka mudah mengalami jatuh sakit dan cidera. Hal yang paling sering dilakukan oleh anak usia remaja saat di sekolah adalah olah raga, upacara bendera, dan aktifitas lainnya. Masalah yang dihadapai Unit Kesehatan Sekolah (UKS) SMP Pahoa Terpadu Gading Serpong Tangerang adalah jatuh, fraktur, trauma kepala, dan pingsan. PkM FoN meningkatkan pemahaman dan ketrampilan dalam pertolongan pertama tanggap darurat pada anggota PMR di sekolah tersebut. Tujuan PKM ini agar ada pencegahan dan penanganan awal yang dapat dilakukan anggota PMR pada siswa/I. SMP Pahoa dipilih sebagai partner dalam PKM ini karena dilihat dari aksesabilitas adalah mudah dijangkau selain itu FoN UPH ingin menjangkau dari lingkungan dekat supaya mereka juga merasakan keberadaan FoN. Kegiatan PKM ini meliputi pretest, pemberian materi, demonstrasi, redemonstrasi dan posttest. Jumlah siswa yang hadir dalam kegiatan tersebut sebanyak 64 orang. Hasil dari kegiatan ini didapatkan terjadi peningkatan nilai rerata yang signifikan pengetahuan sebelum dan setelah dilakukan edukasi first aid dengan selisih rerata sebanyak 26,56 (p value =0,000)
PPM Usaha Mikro Gethuk Di Dusun Kedungsekar Lor Desa Kedungsekar Kecamatan Benjeng Kabupaten Gresik
Authors: Aminatuzzuhro Aminatuzzuhro , Widowati Prita Anugrah , Prihantono Dwi
Published: January 2021

Usaha mikro gethuk yang menjadi mitra dalam Program Pemberdayaan Masyarakat ini berdomisili di Dusun Kedungsekar Lor Desa Kedungsekar Kecamatan Benjeng Kabupaten Gresik. Permasalahan yang dihadapi mitra antara lain: (1) Peralatan yang digunakan oleh mitra menggunakan peralatan manual; (2) Bak untuk bahan dan bahan setengah jadi masih menggunakan plastik; (3) Tidak menggunakan alat pelindung diri yang sehat untuk makanan; (4) Proses produksi masih dilakukan di lantai beralaskan tikar; (5) Lingkungan tempat produksi juga kurang bersih dan dekat dengan tempat cuci piring dan kamar mandi; (6) Pengemasan produk juga masih sederhana dengan box karton untuk yang roll gethuk dan kertas minyak untuk yang dijual eceran / potongan; (8) Mitra sampai saat ini masih belum mencatat semua transaksi harian yang sudah dilakukan; (9) Perencanaan produksi juga belum dilakukan atau hanya berdasarkan permintaan Metode pelaksanaan program, yaitu melalui penyelenggaraan pelatihan dan pendampingan produksi sehat, pembuatan label dan kemasan yang sehat dan aman serta inovasi produk untuk makanan; Pengadaan peralatan pelindung diri untuk produksi makanan; Pengadaan bak stainless steel; dan pencatatan keuangan usaha mikro, perencanaan produksi dan inovasi produk. Hasil pelaksanaan program antara lain; (1) Memberikan pelatihan dan pendampingan produksi sehat, pencatatan keuangan, dan pemanfaatan media sosial untuk pemasaran; (2) pengadaan peralatan produksi yang sehat; dan (3) pembuatan kemasan produk.
PPM Usaha Mikro Sari Kedelai Di Kelurahan Manukan Lor Kecamatan Banjar Sugihan Kota Surabaya
Authors: Purwaningsih Endah Supeni , Tjahjono Heru , Pamungkas Hario Adji
Published: January 2021

Mitra dalam Program Pemberdayaan Masyarakat ini ada ibu Dina dengan usahanya minuman sari kedelai. Permasalahan yang dihadapi mitra dan akan diselesaikan dalam Program Pemberdayaan Masyarakat ini adalah; Kapasitas produksi yang masih rendah karena minimnya peralatan dan peralatan yang ada masih sederhana, Ketersediaan bahan baku kedelai impor yang tidak stabil dan harga juga cenderung fluktuatif, Tempat produksi masih di lantai dan dekat dengan kamar mandi/sanitasi, Manajemen tenaga kerja masih belum tertata dengan baik dan sangat sederhana, Pemasaran yang saat ini dilakukan adalah dengan menitipkan pada kantin, warung, sentra-sentra kuliner, pusat oleh-oleh Kota Surabaya dan melalui reseller, Pemasaran online sudah cukup intensif namun masih belum belum tepat sasaran, Proses produksi yang masih dilakukan di lantai, menurut tim pelaksana kurang memenuhi unsur kesehatan dan higienitas. Metode pelaksanaan melalui pelatihan, pendampingan, pengadaan TTG dan penyusunan laporan dan luaran kegiatan. Hasil pelaksanaan program antara lain: pengadaan mesin giling kedelai kapasitas 5 kg/jam, pelatihan manajemen persedian dan perencanaan produksi dan persediaan, pembuatan meja kerja yang respresentatif, pelatihan pemasaran online agar lebih tepat sasaran, pelatihan penggunaan aplikasi laporan keuangan berbasis Android “sikecil”, pelatihan tentang kesehatan pangan. Hasil akhir program ini, mitra sudah mampu meningkakan omset dan aset serta peningkatan kesejahteraan mitra.
Penerapan Teknologi Kultur Jaringan Bagi Petani Anggrek Di Desa Berjo, Karanganyar
Authors: Solichatun Solichatun , Pitoyo Ari , Etikawati Nita , Herawati Elisa , Ardo Tanjung
Published: January 2021

Berjo adalah sebuah desa di lereng Gunung Lawu, tepatnya di Kecamatan Ngargoyoso, Kabupaten Karanganyar, Jawa Tengah.  Pembudidaya anggrek di daerah tersebut telah memulai usaha pembesaran anggrek sejak empat tahun yang lalu. Pengusaha mikro ini mampu menghasilkan dan menjual produk berupa tanaman anggrek remaja dan dewasa meskipun dalam kapasitas terbatas. Upaya meningkatkan kapasitas produksi terkendala oleh kemampuan memperoleh bibit secara mandiri. Kebutuhan bibit masih mengandalkan pasokan dari luar. Program kemitraan masyarakat ini dirancang untuk memberikan solusi permasalahan mitra melalui penerapan kultur jaringan. Biji anggrek sulit dikecambahkan karena tidak memiliki cadangan makanan bagi embrio untuk tumbuh dan berkembang. Teknik kultur jaringan adalah cara paling efisien mengecambahkan biji anggrek dengan memberi asupan nutrisi secara aseptis. Kegiatan pengabdian meliputi aktivitas edukasi (transfer knowledge), instalasi peralatan dengan penyediaan enkas dan autoklaf sederhana, serta pendampingan praktek kultur jaringan dengan teknik aseptik untuk memperoleh bibit anggrek. Hasil kegiatan yang telah diperoleh yaitu petani sudah mampu membuat media kultur jaringan secara mandiri;  melakukan kegiatan penanaman biji anggrek di dalam botol kultur dengan teknik aseptik dengan bantuan enkas. Enkas adalah suatu ruang penanaman steril yang membatasi udara keluar masuk. Biji anggrek yang dikulturkan sudah berhasil tumbuh meskipun masih ada kotaminasi pada beberapa botol kultur.
Pentingnya Pelatihan Peningkatan Pengetahuan Marketing Online Di Era Pandemi Covid 19 Bagi UMKM Di Wilayah Jawa Barat
Authors: PURWANINGDYAH SRI WILUDJENG SUNU , SUMADHINATA YELLI EKA , KUSWARA GALUH BOGA
Published: January 2021

Saat ini sektor Usaha Mikro Kecil Menengah (UMKM) telah berhasil menjelma menjadi sumber penggerak ekonomi baru di Indonesia. Maka tidak berlebihan apabila kita menyebut bahwa ekonomi di Indonesia tumbuh pesat lewat sektor UMKM. Peran UMKM terhadap perekonomian dan penyerapan tenaga kerja memang tidak lagi diragukan. Namun kondisi UMKM di era pandemi seperti ini dapat diibaratkan hidup segan mati tak mau. Penularan virus corona yang demikian cepat dan masif telah memaksa pemerintah menerapkan Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar (PSBB), hal ini akan juga berdampak mematikan berbagai aktivitas bisnis pelaku UMKM. Tatkala mobilitas masyarakat dan pelaku bisnis dibatasi, maka semakin sempit ruang gerak warga sebagai konsumen, maka aktivitas usaha dan bisnis pun kian terbatas atau stagnan. Sehingga perusahaan atau pelaku bisnis lesu. Untuk memberikan semangat lagi pada pelaku bisnis , maka perlu adanya pelatihan marketing secara on line guna meningkatkan kegiatan pemasaran. Adapun materi kegiatan pelatihan on line ini dapat berupa design Web, desain pesan, dll. Dengan adanya pelatihan tersebut para pelaku bisnis dapat bangkit lagi yang berdampak pada peningkatan pendapatan meningkat. Pelatihan ini dilaksanakan pada tanggal 22 Juni 2020 s.d 27 Juni 2020. Peserta PKM pada pelatihan ini yang hadir sebesar 49 orang . Hal ini dilakukan agar kegiatan pelatihan marketing online ini dapat berjalan secara efektif dan efisien.
Perbaikan Proses Produksi dan Kualitas Produk Kembang Goyang Di UMKM Ibu Supiyah
Authors: Panjaitan Andry , Silalahi Rudy V. , Putra Franco P.
Published: January 2021

UMKM merupakan salah satu penggerak ekonomi di Indonesia, dimana 60% dari PDB berasal dari UMKM. Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat ini dilakukan di UMKM Ibu Supiyah, yang terletak di Kranggan, Tangerang. UMKM Ibu Supiyah adalah salah satu UMKM yang menjual aneka ragam cemilan. Dalam UMKM tersebut, ditemukan bahwa kembang goyang memiliki tingkat kegurihan dan warna yang berbeda. Selain itu, proses produksi masih bersifat tradisional. Oleh karena itu, dilakukan upaya untuk meningkatkan konsistensi gurih dan warna dari kembang goyang dan menurunkan waktu siklus dari proses produksi melalui perancangan dan penerapan Standard Operating Procedure (SOP). Data didapatkan melalui wawancara dan pengamatan langsung ke UMKM Ibu Supiyah. Analisa konsistensi dari kembang goyang diukur menggunakan alat ukur Texture Analyzer untuk mengukur tingkat Hardness dan Chroma Meter untuk mengukur tingkat Lightness. Setelah SOP sudah diterapkan dalam UMKM Ibu Supiyah, diketahui bahwa persentase standar deviasi Hardness kembang goyang berkurang sebesar 8,6% dari 23,8% menjadi 15,2%. Selain itu, persentase standar deviasi lightness berkurang sebesar 1,56% dari 8,58% menjadi 7,02%. Perubahan dari penerapan SOP juga dapat dilihat secara jelas secara visual bahwa warna kembang goyang sudah lebih konsisten dari sebelum diterapkannya SOP. Melalui tabel Value Stream Mapping (VSM), dapat dilihat bahwa waktu siklus yang digunakan berkurang sebesar 680 detik dari 3485 detik menjadi 2805 detik.
Penyuluhan Peran Pangan Fungsional Dan Pola Hidup Sehat Untuk Menghadapi Pandemi Corona
Authors: Pkmcsr Titri S. Mastuti , Matita Intan C. , Pokatong W. Donald R. , Neysha Aileen
Published: January 2021

Coronavirus Disease-2019 (Covid-19) adalah penyakit yang disebabkan oleh virus corona jenis baru (SARS-COV2) yang mulai terdeteksi sejak awal tahun 2020 di Wuhan, Cina. Virus ini menyebabkan penyakit saluran pernafasan berat dan mengakibatkan terjadinya pandemi global. Hingga saat ini belum ditemukan obat dan vaksin yang tepat untuk mengobati maupun mencegah penularan penyakit tersebut. Sistem imunitas atau daya tahan tubuh yang baik diyakini dapat membantu tubuh dalam melawan virus dan mempercepat kesembuhan. Salah satu cara meningkatkan daya tahan tubuh adalah dengan mengkonsumsi makanan bergizi dan terutama berupa pangan fungsional. Pangan fungsional bukan merupakan obat atau suplemen makanan karena pangan fungsional dapat dikonsumsi tanpa dosis tertentu dan dapat dinikmati sebagaimana makanan pada umumnya namun mempunyai manfaat bagi kesehatan. Program Studi Teknologi Pangan tergerak untuk membagikan ilmu dan wawasan melalui kegiatan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat dalam bentuk penyuluhan mengenai pangan fungsional dan penerapan hidup sehat dalam menghadapi situasi pandemi Covid-19 bagi komunitas Yayasan World Harvest di Tangerang. Penyuluhan dilakukan melalui online dengan aplikasi Zoom untuk meminimalkan penularan virus. Kegiatan penyuluhan ini diharapkan dapat menambah wawasan serta meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat dalam menerapkan hidup sehat salah satunya melalui konsumsi pangan fungsional.
Pemberdayaan Kelompok Tani Sawah Payo Kabupaten Tanah Datar Dalam Pelatihan Pembuatan Rhizokompos
Authors: Yanti Yulmira , Hamid Hasmiandy , Yaherwandi Yaherwandi , Hermeria Noveriza
Published: January 2021

Kelompok tani Sawah Payo Nagari Gunung Rajo Kecamatan Batipuh, Kabupaten Tanah Datar mempunyai potensi dalam produksi pupuk organik, hal ini didukung oleh sisa hasil pertanianseperti  jerami dan gulma tanaman pahitan Tithonia diversifolia, serta limbah peternakan (kotoran hewan) yang melimpah. Pemanfaatan limbah pertanian, tanaman gulma, maupun peternakan masih belum maksimal. Pengolahan limbah pertanian dan peternakan menjadi kompos yang dilakukan oleh sebagian besar petani di Nagari Gunung Rajo belum menggunakan proses fermentasi, sehingga hasil dan kualitasnya kurang maksimal. Tujuan kegiatan pemberdayaan kelompok tani ini adalah memberikan pengetahuan tentang proses pembuatan pupuk organik dari penyedian bahan baku, pembuatan bio-aktivator, dan pengemasan hasil produksi. Metode yang digunakan dengan pelatihan terstruktur dan praktik langsung pembuatan pupuk organik atau yang lebih dikenal dengan kompos. Hasil yang diperoleh dari kegiatan pemberdayaan ini adalah kelompok tani mampu membuat pupuk organik rizokompos berbahan limbah pertanian, gulma, limbah peternakan dan rizobakteri secara mandiri dengan kualitas hasil produksi yang baik yang mampu meningkatkan hasil pendapatan masyarakat setempat
Ceramah Edukasi Digital Marketing Pada Gki Taman Aries dan GKI Kemang Pratama Bekasi
Authors: Suwu Selvi Esther
Published: January 2021

Adanya pandemi pada tahun 2020 mengubah kehidupan perilaku pembelian masyarakat yaitu yang biasanya berbelanja di pasar tradisional dan modern karena takut dan himbauan dari pemerintah untuk tetap melakukan segala kegiatan dari rumah, beralih berbelanjapun dari rumah. Dampaknya banyak toko dan pusat perbelanjaan yang tutup dan mengakibatkan banyak orang yang terkena PHK. Covid19 ini tidak dapat diprediksi kapan akan berakhir dan orang tetap harus berjuang untuk hidup, maka dengan latar belakang ini tujuan dari PkM GKI Taman Aries dan GKI Kemang Pratama mengadakan acara untuk memenuhi kebutuhan jemaat dan masyarakat yang memerlukan tambahan pengetahuan mengenai materi pelajaran ekonomi secara umum agar bisa membuat usaha atau mempertahankan usahanya dengan upaya-upaya yang lebih kreatif. Peserta berasal dari berbagai daerah di Indonesia mencapai 448 orang di PkM GKI Taman Aries dan di GKI Kemang Pratama peserta dapat melihat di YouTube karena acara disiarkan secara langsung. Penulis sebagai dosen merespon acara ini dengan menjadi pembicara mengenai digital marketing sebagai bagian dari PkM. Metode pelaksanaan PkM berupa ceramah edukasi dengan menggunakan media internet yaitu Zoom. Hasil yang diperoleh dari kedua kegiatan PkM tersebut adalah peserta berpendapat ceramah edukasi menambah pengetahuan, presentasi yang dilakukan penulis dapat dimengerti dengan jelas, pembahasan secara praktis dan ringkas.
Peningkatan Usaha Susu Kedelai Skala Industri Rumah Tangga Di Tengah Wabah Covid-19
Authors: Ermawati Yuli , Jumati Nurleila
Published: January 2021

Banyak UKM yang sempat terpuruk sejak wabah Covid’19 melanda dunia termasuk Indonesia. Salah satu UKM tersebut adalah produsen susu kedelai atau sari dele. Bapak Hari adalah satu produsen sekaligus pedagang susu kedelai di kecamatan Benowo Kelurahan Sememi Kota Surabaya. Keterbatasan IPTEK seperti pemasaran yang masih konvensional dan tidak adanya manajemen usaha serta keuangan menjadi factor yang memperlambat perkembangan usaha Beliau. Tujuan yang akan dicapai dalam program pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah perluasan pangsa pasar dengan menyentuh teknologi informasi, manajemen  usaha dan  tata keuangan  yang lebih tertib, serta upaya pemanfaatan limbah hasil susu kedelai agar lebih produktif. Metode yang digunakan adalah pendampingan personal terhadap mitra. Langkah pendampingan dengan memberikan pelatihan dan pencerahan untuk manajemen usaha, pelabelan yang modern, pemasaran secara offline dan online agar jangkauan pasar mereka lebih luas. Selain itu juga memberikan inspirasi dan mendorong agar limbah yang dihasilkan susu kedelai bisa lebih bermanfaat. Hasil dari metode pendampingan yang diberikan adalah yang pertama packaging produk untuk susu kedelai dirubah sedemikian rupa dan  mulai dipasarkan secara online dan offline melalui sistem konsinyasi.  Yang kedua adalah  manajemen usaha menjadi lebih rapi dan didukung dengan pembukuan sederhana yang mulai rutin dilakukan. Yang ketiga adalah pemanfaatan hasil limbah pengolahan susu kedelai yaitu menjadi nugget,cookies, serundeng dan keripik dari ampas susu sari kedelai
Syntactic features of Late Oyirat translated monuments (based on the manuscript with the translation of Tugmud-Gavji Oülgurun Dalai "The sea of parables")
Authors:   Kalmyk Scientific Center of the RAS (Elista), Muzraeva Delyash N.
Published: January 2021

The paper describes the syntactic features of the text of the translation of the well-known Buddhist work “The Sea of Parables”, carried out by Kalmyk cleric Tugmud-gavji (Thog-med bka'-bcu, secular name — O. M. Dordzhiev) (1887—1980) in the late 1960s. This work is an example of the translation of the latest stage of the existence of the Oyirat writing among the Kalmyks of the Volga region. In this work we have involved written sources from the Archive of the Kalmyk Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences: a manuscript in Oyirat “Clear Script” (‘Todo bičiq’), called “The Sea of Parables” (Oülgurun dalai, notebooks 1—4, 289 folios), translated by Tugmud-gavji, as well as the Tibetan text 'Dzangs blun zhes-bya-ba theg-pa chen-po'i mdo (‘The Mahāyāna Sutra called “The Wise and the Fool”’), which served as the basis for translation. Based on the analysis of the translation text of Tugmud-gavji in comparison with its Tibetan original, the author of the article notes a number of characteristic syntactic features inherent in the translation language of the Kalmyk literator. They relate to the order of words in the sentence, the types of sentences (according to the purpose of the statement, structural types, etc.). In a number of examples, the translator strictly follows the syntax of the Tibetan original, but, as is almost always observed with the facts of interference, this following is not rigid. In sentences differing in the purpose of the statement, there is a great degree of dependence on the Tibetan original. In the transmission of structural types of sentences, the translator in most examples follows the original. The work demonstrates that Tugmudgavji adheres to the translation technique characteristic of literal (word-to-word) translations of Buddhist texts, which developed in the second half of the 17th century, which was used by Zaya Pandita and which consists in the fact that the author strictly adheres to the original Tibetan text, trying not to release fragments or some words of the original from the translation. Observations indicate a good knowledge of the Tibetan language by the translator and a noticeable Tibetan influence on the written Oyirat language in its formation through the practice of translating Buddhist texts
Semantics of the verbs “eat” and “drink” in Turkish
Authors:   Institute of Asian and African Studies of Moscow State University, Napolnova Elena M. ,   Ivannikov Institute for System Programming, RAS (Moscow)
Published: January 2021

Lexicological studies are designed to reveal as much as all possible information about the compatibility and semantic features of object names of various kinds, hidden in the subconscious of native speakers and necessary for the correct construction of statements, which is a condition for an adequate mutual understanding of communicants. In modern Turkish society, the attitude concerning food in general can be described as cultic. Ye- ‘eat’ and iç- ‘drink’ are used without an object, in combination with the object name, with or without an accusative ending, or with an ablative ending if the action is directed not at the entire object as a whole, but at a part of it. Ye- is combined with the names of food, the consumption of which involves chewing, and requires mandatory filling in the semantic valence of the object of action. İç- used for liquids, soup, medicines and tobacco products. The usage of the verb “drink” in relation to smoking is usually associated with a pleasant tasting experience. Both verbs are used on their own and as parts of the intransitive compound verbs yemek ye- ‘eat, take food’ and içki iç- ‘drink alcohol’, which differ in the degree of lexicalization and, unlike the simple verbs ye- and iç-, focus the effect of the action on the agent. The metaphorization of ye- developed in two main ways: on the basis of the idea of “eating” as violence and destruction peculiar to the Turkic languages, as well as on the basis of tracing translation of Persian expressions. The metaphorization of the pleasant or unpleasant taste of food does not possess any systematic characterization. Iç- not subjected to metaphorization.
MUNICIPALITIES AND LOCAL SELF-GOVERNMENT AUTHORITIES AS SUBJECTS OF DISPUTES RESOLVED BY THE CONSTITUTIONAL COURT OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors: Nikitina A. V.
Published: January 2021

The article examines the problems of participation of local self-government authorities as applicants in cases considered by the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation. Amendments to the constitutional legislation aimed at solving the identified problems are proposed
The Metallicity Dependence of the High-mass X-Ray Binary Luminosity Function
Authors: Lehmer Bret D. , Eufrasio Rafael T. , Basu-Zych Antara , Doore Keith , Fragos Tassos , Garofali Kristen , Kovlakas Konstantinos , Williams Benjamin F. , Zezas Andreas , Santana-Silva Luidhy
Published: January 2021

In this work, we present detailed constraints on the metallicity dependence of the high-mass X-ray binary (HMXB) X-ray luminosity function (XLF). We analyze ≈5 Ms of Chandra data for 55 actively star-forming galaxies at D ≲ 30 Mpc, with gas-phase metallicities spanning

 ≈ 7–9.2. Within the galactic footprints, our sample contains a total of 1311 X-ray point sources, of which ≈49% are expected to be HMXBs, with the remaining sources likely to be low-mass X-ray binaries (LMXBs; ≈22%) and unrelated background sources (≈29%). We construct a model that successfully characterizes the average HMXB XLF over the full metallicity range. We demonstrate that the SFR-normalized HMXB XLF shows clear trends with metallicity, showing steadily increasing numbers of luminous and ultraluminous X-ray sources (

(erg s−1) = 38–40.5) with declining metallicity. However, we find that the low-luminosity (

(erg s−1) = 36–38) HMXB XLF appears to show a nearly constant SFR scaling and slope with metallicity. Our model provides a revised scaling relation of integrated L
X/SFR versus

, and a new characterization of its SFR-dependent stochastic scatter. The general trend of this relation is broadly consistent with past studies based on integrated galaxy emission; however, our model suggests that this relation is driven primarily by the high-luminosity end of the HMXB XLF. Our results have implications for binary population synthesis models, the nature of super-Eddington accreting objects (e.g., ultraluminous X-ray sources), recent efforts to identify active galactic nucleus candidates in dwarf galaxies, and the X-ray radiation fields in the early universe during the epoch of cosmic heating at z ≳ 10.
Retraction: Coco D, Leanza S. Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy (LC): Toward Zero Error. Open Access Maced J Med Sci. 2020 May 28; 8(F):52-57. https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2020.3791
Authors: Spiroski Mirko
Published: January 2021

Editor-in-Chief has retracted the article Coco D, Leanza S. Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy (LC): Toward Zero Error. Open Access Maced J Med Sci. 2020 May 28; 8(F):52-57. We received a copy of the letter from Dr Vishal Gupta, MS, MCh, FACS and Dr Gaurav Jain sent to Dr Coco. They draw our attention to the fact that this article has taken most of its material from their review article.
We contacted corresponding author and he agreed to retract the published paper. As such, we retract the article from the literature and by guidelines and best editorial practices from the Committee on Publication Ethics. We apologize to our audience about this unfortunate situation.
Current knowledge on biology, fishing and conservation of the blue shark (Prionace glauca)
Authors: da Silva Thaísy Emmanuelle Florentino , Lessa Rosangela , Santana Francisco Marcante
Published: January 2021

The blue shark (Prionace glauca) is a large predator in marine ecosystems, figuring as the most common and abundant species in oceanic fisheries. For this reason, many studies on this species were conducted throughout its entire distribution range. However, no comparison has been made regarding the variability of the aspects addressed herein. Thus, the present study aims at analyzing the available information on P. glauca. This species constitutes between 85 and 90% of the total elasmobranchs caught by oceanic fisheries with pelagic longlines. Growth parameters reveal that individuals in the Atlantic Ocean show the highest asymptotic lengths when compared to those found in other oceans. Females present an average uterine fecundity of 30 embryos. Although it shows a diverse diet, it is mainly composed of teleost fish and cephalopods. Currently, the main threat to the species is commercial fishing, being listed in Brazil and worldwide, according to IUCN as Near Threatened. Regardless, information on crucial aspects, such as its population dynamics, are still scarce or unreliable for many areas. Despite the number of studies regarding its distribution, abundance, and biology, data for new stock assessments of P. glauca are still needed to improve the species’ management.
Quand une taxe sur le stationnement au lieu de travail contribue à financer les transports publics
Authors: Héran Frédéric
Published: January 2021

À l’heure où le rendement du Versement mobilité s’affiche plutôt à la baisse dans les villes françaises du fait de la stagnation de l’emploi salarié sur lequel cette contribution est assise, l’expérience de perception d’une taxe sur le stationnement au lieu de travail menée à Nottingham depuis 2012 mérite que l’on s’y intéresse. Elle constitue en effet un levier intéressant pour réguler l’usage des véhicules particuliers, d’autant plus élevé qu’existe une certitude de stationner gratuitement à destination. Et elle constitue accessoirement (ou non) un moyen de financer le développement d’une alternative efficace en transports publics.
Apports des essais mécaniques : Évaluation de la vulnérabilité et des risques de dégradation des peintures.
Authors: Roche Alain
Published: January 2021

La conservation des œuvres peintes sur toile est intimement liée à la connaissance de leurs propriétés physico-mécaniques. Pour développer des outils d’évaluation tels que « le degré de vulnérabilité et les risques de dégradation mécaniques des peintures », l’usage d’essais mécaniques est inévitable. Ce travail regroupe une série d’études qui met en évidence l’importance de cette approche systémique.
Blessing the rains down in Africa: spatiotemporal behaviour of the crested porcupine Hystrix cristata (Mammalia: Rodentia) in the rainy and dry seasons, in the African savannah
Authors: Viviano Andrea , Amori Giovanni , Luiselli Luca , Oebel Horst , Bahleman Farid , Mori Emiliano
Published: January 2021

The assessment of habitat selection and temporal patterns of activity rhythms is paramount for wildlife conservation. Studies on behavioural ecology of wild mammals are particularly challenging in tropical areas, mostly when involving rare or elusive species. Despite being a common species in Italy, the crested porcupine Hystrix cristata is threatened of extinction throughout most of its sub-Saharan range. All available information on the ecology of this species has been collected in Italy, whereas no data is present in the scientific literature on spatiotemporal behaviour of this large rodent in Africa. In this work, we attempted to determine habitat selection and temporal patterns of activity rhythms of the crested porcupine in northern Benin and neighbouring countries, through intensive camera-trapping. We collected a total of 146 records of crested porcupine, 91 in the dry season (October-March) and 55 in the rainy season (April-September). Porcupines used most habitats in proportion to their local availability, while selecting rock outcrop formations (possibly used as shelter sites) and avoiding open areas, wetlands and gallery forests. A mostly nocturnal behaviour was confirmed throughout the year, with some diurnal activity at the start and at the end of the rainy season. The importance of rains in determining birth peak has been also showed, with juvenile individuals always observed at the start and at the end of the rainy season. Full moon always inhibited activity of this large rodent, most likely evolved as an antipredatory behaviour to limit encounters with potential predators (common leopard Panthera pardus, spotted hyaena Crocuta crocuta and honey badger Mellivora capensis) and humans. Poaching pressure towards porcupines in West Africa is strong. Porcupines are killed for the traditional medicine, for their meat and because they are widely considered as a crop pest. This assessment should therefore be used as a basic tool to design conservation plans to preserve this rodent species in its native range.
Molecular detection and genetic diversity of Dientamoeba fragilis and Enterocytozoon bieneusi in fecal samples submitted for routine parasitological examination
Authors: Bertozzo Thainá Valente , David Érica Boarato , Oliveira-Arbex Ana Paula , Guimarães Semíramis
Published: January 2021

Objective:

To detect Dientamoeba (D.) fragilis and Enterocytozoon (E.) bieneusi and to assess their genetic characteristics in stool samples submitted for routine examination in a clinical laboratory in Southeastern Brazil.

Methods:

In this survey, 348 stool samples from female and male individuals with age ranging from 0 to ≥55 years were analyzed by PCR amplifying and sequencing based on the small subunit ribosomal RNA (SSU rRNA) gene of D. fragilis and the internal transcribed spacer of E. bieneusi.

Results:

D. fragilis and E. bieneusi isolates were observed in 2.29% (8/348) and 4.59% (16/348) of the samples, respectively. These parasites were detected in stool samples from individuals of both genders, including young children under nine until adults over 55 years old. No statistically significant differences were found. All D. fragilis isolates were classified as genotype 1 and E. bieneusi isolates included genotypes D (n=15) and A (n=1).

Conclusions:

The findings provide relevant findings on occurrence and genetic diversity of D. fragilis and E. bieneusi, pointing to the need for the diagnosis of these parasites in routine examinations in clinical laboratories. In addition to sensitive diagnostic methods, it is mandatory that these parasites be considered relevant for physicians and laboratory staff.
Genomic characterization of velogenic avian orthoavulavirus 1 isolates from poultry workers
Authors: Shabbir Muhammad Zubair , Nissly Ruth Helmus , Ahad Abdul , Rabbani Masood , Lim Levina , Chothe Shubhada K. , Subbiah Murugan , Sebastian Aswathy , Albert Istvan , Ul-Rahman Aziz , Jayarao Bhushan M , Kuchipudi Suresh V.
Published: January 2021

Objective:

To carry out the genetic characterization and evolutionary analysis of three avian orthoavulavirus 1 (AOAV-1) isolates from poultry workers with respiratory symptoms.

Methods:

Using Illumina MiSeq, whole-genome sequencing was carried out to assess the evolutionary dynamics of three AOAV-1 isolates. A phylogenetic and comparative analysis of all coding genes was done using bioinformatics tools.

Results:

Phylogenetic analysis and genetic distance estimation suggested a close relationship among human- and avian-originated velogenic strains of genotype XIII, sub-genotype XIII.2.1. Several substitutions in the significant structural and biological motifs were exclusively identified in the human-originated strains.

Conclusions:

To our knowledge, this is the first report of a velogenic AOAV-1 isolate from natural infection of the human upper respiratory tract. Our findings highlight the evolution and zoonotic potential of velogenic AOAV-1 in a disease endemic setting.
p-Coumaric acid alleviates adriamycin-induced hepatotoxicity in rats
Authors: Rafiee Zeinab , Zare Moaiedi Maasoumeh , Valizadeh Gorji Armita , Mansouri Esrafil
Published: January 2021

Objective:

To evaluate the effect of p-coumaric acid against adriamycin-induced hepatotoxicity in rats.

Methods:

The rats were divided into 4 groups. The control group received solvent; the p-coumaric acid group was treated with 100 mg/kg of p-coumaric acid orally for five consecutive days; the adriamycin group was administered with a single dose of adriamycin (15 mg/kg, i.p.), and the p-coumaric acid + adriamycin group was given p-coumaric acid five days before adriamycin administration. Twenty-four hours after the last administration, blood samples were collected for biochemical analysis, and liver tissues were removed for histopathological and immunohistochemistrical studies. Moreover, the levels of tissue lipid peroxidation and enzyme activities of glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and catalase in liver tissue were measured.

Results:

Treatment with p-coumaric acid protected the liver from the toxicity of adriamycin by attenuating the increase in alkaline phosphatase, alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, total bilirubin, total cholesterol, triglyceride, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and lessening the decrease in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and albumin. p-Coumaric acid also raised the levels of glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and catalase, as well as decreased lipid peroxidation in liver tissue and hepatic IL- 1β expression. Additionally, histopathological study confirmed the protective effect of p-coumaric acid against liver damage.

Conclusions:

p-Coumaric acid can alleviate adriamycin-induced hepatotoxicity.
Apoptotic and cytostatic actions of maslinic acid in colorectal cancer cells through possible IKK-β inhibition
Authors: Ooi Kai Xin , Subramaniam Menaga , Fong Lai Yen , Goh Hoe Han , Khoo Soo Beng Alan , Lim Yang Mooi
Published: January 2021

Objective:

To explore the anti-cancer activity of maslinic acid against colorectal cancer (CRC) cell lines and its possible mechanism.

Methods:

The inhibitory effect of maslinic acid was screened against five CRC cell lines (HT-29, HCT 116, SW480, SW48, and LS 174T) via 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. Apoptosis and cell cycle analyses were carried out using annexin V-FITC/propidium iodide staining and propidium iodide staining, respectively and subjected to fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis. Protein expression studies of inhibitor of κB kinase-β (IKK-β), checkpoint kinase 1 (Chk1) and cyclin D1 were conducted using the JESS system.

Results:

Maslinic acid exhibited growth inhibitory effect in a dose- and time-dependent manner in HT-29 and HCT 116 cell lines. A more prominent apoptosis induced by maslinic acid was observed in HCT 116 cell line. However, in HT-29 cell line, maslinic acid induced cell cycle arrest by inhibiting the G1S transition, which was accompanied by the downregulation of cyclin D1. The expression of unphosphorylated IKK-β protein was increased in both (HT-29 and HCT 116) cell lines after maslinic acid treatment.

Conclusions:

Maslinic acid inhibits the growth of HT-29 and HCT 116 cells in a different manner, induces cell cycle arrest in HT-29 cells and causes apoptosis in HCT 116 cells partially via NF-κB pathway inhibition.
Abnormal fertilization in ICSI and its association with abnormal semen parameters
Authors: Pantos Konstantinos , Sfakianoudis Konstantinos , Maziotis Evangelos , Rapani Anna , Karantzali Eleni , Gounari-Papaioannou Artemis , Vaxevanoglou Terpsithea , Koutsilieris Michael , Simopoulou Mara
Published: January 2021

Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) efficiently addresses male factor infertility. However, the occurrence of abnormal fertilization, mainly characterized by abnormal pronuclei (PN) patterns, merits investigation. To investigate abnormal fertilization patterns following ICSI and identify their respective associations with abnormal parameters in semen analysis (SA), a retrospective observational study including 1855 cycles was performed. Male infertility diagnosis relied on the 2010 WHO criteria. The population was divided into groups based on their SA results. The presence of 2PNs and extrusion of the second polar body (PB) indicated normal fertilization. A Kruskal–Wallis test along with a Wilcoxon post hoc evaluation and Bonferroni correction was employed for comparison among the groups. For the pregnancy rate, logistic regression was employed. No correlation was established between the SA abnormalities and the 1PN or 3PN formation rates. The highest and lowest 0PN rates were reported for the oligoasthenoteratozoospermic and normal groups, respectively. The lowest cleavage formation rates were identified in the oligoasthenozoospermic and oligoasthenoteratozoospermic groups. The aforementioned groups along with the oligoteratozoospermic group similarly presented the lowest blastocyst formation rates. For the clinical pregnancy rate, no statistically significant difference was observed. In conclusion, the incidence of two or more abnormal SA parameters – with the common denominator being oligozoospermia – may jeopardize normal fertilization, cleavage, and blastocyst rates. Once the developmental milestone of achieving blastocyst stage status was achieved, only oligoasthenozoospermia and oligoasthenoteratozoospermia were associated with lower rates. Interestingly, following adjustment for the number of blastocysts, no statistically significant differences were observed.
Obesity and chronic leptin resistance foster insulin resistance
Authors: Dey Sananda , Murmu Nensina , Bose Mayukh , Ghosh Shilpi , Giri Biplab
Published: January 2021

Leptin is secreted from adipose tissue, maintains energy balance in our body, and regulates appetite via arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus. It binds with its receptor (LepR) to kick-start multiple reaction cascades such as Janus kinase 2/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, suppressor of cytokine signaling-3, insulin receptor substrate 1, phosphatidyl inositol 3-kinase, and protein kinase B-Akt. Insulin increases the uptake of fatty acids and enhances cellular glucose uptake and utilization. Insulin's metabolic effects are mediated by a number of tissue-specific pathways, some of which crosstalk leptin-mediated signaling. Studies showed that leptin resistance is instigated due to the excess release of leptin from adipocytes. It causes a lack of sensitivity toward leptin, for which the body fails to attain satiety and results in more food intake which in turn induces more obesity and aggravates further leptin resistance. Emphasizing on obesity, this review directs toward a possibility of chronic leptin resistance being responsible for insulin resistance. The above statement has been elicited by delineating the point of convergence between insulin and leptin signaling pathways.
Atypical telangiectatic osteosarcoma
Authors: Adhimulia Kevin Jonathan , Alfariq Latsarizul , Kamal Achmad Fauzi
Published: January 2021

Telangiectatic osteosarcoma (TOS) is a rare malignant bone tumor. The main clinical and radiological significance of the case presentation is TOS can be easily misdiagnosed as a benign lesion such as an aneurysmal bone cyst (ABC). In this case, we present 63-year-old male with a large mass in the left leg. Imaging modalities were obtained in this patient to define the diagnosis. In this atypical case of TOS, relatively old age presentation, slow-progressing lesion, well-demarcated lesion, and lack of periosteal reaction further accentuate the similarity between TOS and ABC or other benign lesion causing high rate misdiagnosis of TOS. The histopathological examination will finally differentiate TOS from ABC.
Facility-Based Surveillance Activities for COVID-19 Infection and Outcomes among Healthcare Workers in a Nigerian Tertiary Hospital
Authors: Ogboghodo Esohe O. , Osaigbovo Iriagbonse I. , Obarisiagbon Otaniyenuwa O. , Okwara Benson U. , Obaseki Darlington E. , Omo-Ikirodah Orezimena T. , Ehinze Ewere S. , Adio Funmilola , Nwaogwugwu Joy C. , Eseigbe Efeomon F.
Published: January 2021

COVID-19 in healthcare workers (HCWs) can result in nosocomial transmission, depletion in available workforce, and enhanced community transmission. This article describes surveillance for COVID-19 in HCWs at a tertiary healthcare facility, and documents the outcomes. A descriptive cross-sectional study of all HCWs identified from surveillance for COVID-19 from March 31 to August 31, 2020 was conducted. Healthcare workers were categorized as high risk and low risk using an adapted WHO Risk Assessment tool. Nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swab specimens obtained from high-risk subjects were tested by a reverse transcriptase PCR method. Data were analyzed with IBM SPSS version 25.0 software (IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 25.0, Armonk, NY), and results were presented as frequencies and percentages. The level of significance was set at P < 0.05. During 5 months of surveillance, 1,466 HCWs with a mean age of 38.1 ± 9.7 years were identified as contacts. On risk assessment, 328 (22.4%) were adjudged high risk. High risk was associated with increasing age (P < 0.001), male gender (P = 0.001), and nonclinical staff (P = 0.002). Following testing, 78 (5.3%) in the high-risk category were confirmed to have COVID-19. There was no record of COVID-19 in HCWs adjudged low risk. Forty-four (56.4%) cases were epidemiologically linked to the community, 20 (25.7%) to patients, and 14 (17.9%) to another HCW. Surveillance and risk assessment are crucial to COVID-19 response in healthcare facilities and revealed HCW infections with predominantly nonoccupational epidemiological links in this study.
A NOVEL QUOTIENT PREDICTION FOR FLOATING-POINT DIVISION
Authors: THUAN PHAM TRAN BICH
Published: January 2021

At present, floating-point operations are used as add-on functions in critical embedded systems, such as physics, aerospace system, nuclear simulation, image and digital signal processing, automatic control system and optimal control and financial, etc. However, floating-point division is slower than floating-point multiplication. To solve this problem, many existing works try to reduce the required number of iterations, which exploit large Look Up Table (LUT) resource to achieve approximate mantissa of a quotient. In this paper, we propose a novel prediction algorithm to achieve an optimal quotient by predicting certain bits in a dividend and a divisor, which reduces the required LUT resource. Therefore, the final quotient is achieved by accumulating all predicted quotients using our proposed prediction algorithm. The experimental results show that only 3 to 5 iterations are required to obtain the final quotient in a floating-point division computation. In addition, our proposed design takes up 0.84% to 3.28% (1732 LUTs to 6798 LUTs) and 5.04% to 10.08% (1916 (ALUT) to 3832 (ALUT)) when ported to Xilinx Virtex-5 and Altera Stratix-III FPGAs, respectively. Furthermore, our proposed design allows users to track remainders and to set customized thresholds of these remainders to be compatible with a specific application.
DIELECTRIC RELAXATION PHENOMENA IN PARAELECTRIC PHASE OF NANOCRYSTALLINE-TRIGLYCINE SULFATE COMPOSITE
Authors: THUONG NGUYEN HOAI , DUNG MAI BICH , NGOC TRAN THANH , LAN HUONG NGUYEN THI , ANH NGUYEN THI KIM , DAT DOAN VAN , HIEN TA DINH
Published: January 2021

The aim of this work is to clarify dielectric relaxation phenomena in paraelectric phase of composites based on nanocrystalline cellulose and triglycine sulfate. Although the dielectric properties of this material were almost thoroughly investigated, but there has been no study devoted to relaxation anomalies in paraelectric phase. The results showed the presence of Debye-like relaxation at the entire studied frequency range 103 – 106 Hz under a weak electric field of 1 V.m-1 from phase transition temperature in the composite (54 ˚C) to 90 ˚C. In addition, the phenomena were observed at lower frequencies as compared to those of triglycine sulfate single crystals. The results were explained by the assumption based on critical slowing down occurred in the nanoparticles in the composite.
NOVEL APPROACH FOR COLLECTING MICROALGAE IN WATER TREATMENT USING MAGNETIC NANOCOMPOSITES BASED ON BIOPOLYMER EXTRACTED FROM GRAPEFRUIT PEEL
Authors: BUI NGHIA T. , DUONG LOAN T. B. , NGUYEN LAN HUONG , TRAN NGOC T. T.
Published: January 2021

In this work, magnetic nanocomposites were produced by incorporating cobalt superparamagnetic (CoFe2O4) nanoparticles into the biopolymer matrix which was extracted from grapefruit peel. In which, the magnetic nanoparticles were prepared by co-precipitation approach and the nanocomposite formation was carried out with the support of ultrasonic waves. The obtained biopolymer, nanoparticles and nanocomposites were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) while nanoparticles and nanocomposites were further characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM). Finally, the capability to collect the Tetraselmis sp. microalgae using the achieved superparamagnetic nanocomposites was assessed and effects of various factors including material weight, stirring speed and stirring time on the recovery yield were also investigated. It was found that a recovery yield of higher than 90% was attained when using the nanocomposites at the concentration of 4 g/L. In addtition, the highest efficiency was reached in the case the coagulation was done by stirring at 200 rpm for 3 mins and the flocculation was performed by slow stirring at 50 rpm for 2 mins