bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
APPLICATION OF INTEGRALS IN DETERMINING THE MOMENT OF INERTIA OF A TRIANGLE PLANE WITH RESPECT TO A LINE THROUGH THE CENTROID OF THE TRIANGLE
Authors: Pipit Pratiwi Rahayu
Published: September 2024

Moment of Inertia is a measure of the inertia of an object to rotate about its axis. In this research, we will discuss determining the moment of inertia of a triangular plane whose axis is at the centroid point of the triangle. The plane can be a right triangle, isosceles triangle or non-isosceles triangle. Determining the moment of inertia of a plane can theoretically be done by applying the concept of a certain integral. The work process begins by first determining the coordinates of the centroid point of the triangle and then determining the boundaries of a certain integral which will then produce the magnitude of the moment of inertia of the plane. The results of this research are the magnitude of the moment of inertia of the triangular plane regarding the x-axis and the moment of inertia of the triangular plane regarding the y-axis which has its axis at the centroid point of the triangle.
OVERVIEW OF THE DESIGN OF THE CHEMICAL INJECTION METERING (THROTTLE) VALVE AND THE METHOD OF CALCULATING ITS FLOW-RATE CHARACTERISTIC
Authors: Dragunov A. I. , Trukhanov K. A.
Published: September 2024

Currently, many technological processes require the introduction and precise injecting of the required amount of liquid chemicals into the pipeline during technological operations. One such example is in the oil and gas industry, where metering valves are required to accurately dose various inhibitors while controlling well flow rates. The article provides an overview of the developed modern commercially available chemical injection valves. The review is carried out and the design features of the design of metering valves are given. Within the framework of the article, a method for calculating the flow-differential characteristic of a metering valve is considered. Three types of chemicals widely used in the oil industry are used as input data. In addition, the calculation is made for three different flow rates of these types of chemicals. As a locking and regulating element (LRE), a valve of the “cone on the edge” type of reverse flowrate is adopted. The analysis of the dependences obtained for the flow rate of the chemical reagent on the displacement of the LRE for constant and variable flow rates was carried out. The dependences of the flow rates of chemicals are given for various geometrical parameters of the valve for three standard sizes of valves. The flow-differential characteristics of valves of three standard sizes for three different types of chemicals are calculated. The scientific novelty of the work should include the created methodology for calculating the flow-rate characteristic of metering valves (CIMV/CITV), the production and design of which is currently not available in the Russian Federation.
DEVELOPMENT OF ASSIGNMENTS AND DESIGN DOCUMENTS IN ELECTRONIC FORM USING THE SOLID WORKS SYSTEM
Authors: Khotina G. K. , Polunin N. A. , Shabunina V. A.
Published: September 2024

The article describes the creation of a set of design documents (DD) in the geometric modeling environment SolidWorks. The main attention is paid to the development of electronic tasks for products that allow students of technical universities to study DD remotely. The programs and applications with which electronic design documents are studied are considered in detail. Special attention is paid to the main design document for the product – specifications. The DD examples considered in the article allow students to study the basics of DD development in electronic form, to form practical skills and abilities to display products on drawings, to deepen knowledge of state standards of the Unified System of Design Documentation. The purpose of this work is to develop electronically tasks and methods for creating DD based on these tasks for products for various purposes. This article may be useful to specialists whose work is related to the creation of DD, with the design and modeling of parts, assemblies, as well as teachers of technical universities engaged in teaching engineering students in remote operation.
FORMULAS FOR THE OPERATIONAL DETERMINATION OF THE POWER PARAMETERS OF THE DRIVES OF TECHNOLOGICAL MACHINES
Authors: Sereda N. A.
Published: September 2024

The article proposes formulas for determining the power parameters of the drives of technological machines. These parameters include power and torque on the high-speed and low-speed drive shafts. The power of said shafts depends on the power of the electric motor shaft, and the torque is presented as a function of the named power, gear ratio and speed of the motor shaft. The formulas are suitable for the operational determination of the power parameters of the drive. The initial parameters of the calculation are the power and frequency of rotation of the motor shaft.
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE INERTIAL PROPERTIES OF THE DISPERSED MATERIAL
Authors: Pavlov V. D.
Published: September 2024

It is noted that in the strength calculations of structural elements of aircraft, among other things, the modes of forced and natural vibrations are taken into account. In this regard, the dynamic properties of the transported cargo are taken into account, which are significantly different for solid and dispersed materials. Considered is a dispersed material located on a platform that performs harmonic oscillations. The main problem in establishing the dynamic properties of a dispersed material is the impossibility of calculating the average coefficient of dynamic friction, since its value is influenced by the interaction of dispersed particles with each other in the entire mass of the material, and not only with the surface of the platform. The description of the dynamic status of a dispersed material in the form of a composition of its unstable and stable statuses provides the key to solving this and similar problems.
MECHANIZATION OF THE PROCESS OF CARGO TRANSFER TO THE SEA (REVIEW OF DEVICES)
Authors: Sereda N. A.
Published: September 2024

The article contains the results of the analysis of the structures of load-lifting devices. Such devices belong to special ship technology. They are used to transfer cargo between ships at sea. The directions of improvement of these devices are shown. The trajectories of movement of goods in devices for their transfer are revealed. The algorithm of actions with the load is given. This applies to every lifting device.
ALTERNATIVE METHODS OF USING OF BOIL OFF GAS
Authors: Kosarev A. R.
Published: September 2024

This work is devoted to the search and analysis of methods to improve the efficiency of using cold steam gases. The article raises the issue of one of the important problems of storage of liquefied natural gas – the formation of boil off gases. The main ways of using steam gas are given. New alternative methods of using of boil off gas are presented, such as the use of boil off gas as an additional cooling of natural gas in the propane cooling stage and propane in the propane refrigeration cycle. A three-flow tubular twisted heat exchanger is modeled to calculate the interaction of gas flows. Calculations were carried out, an analysis of the options for the useful use of the cold of the boil off gases was performed and a conclusion was made about the positive effect of the application of the considered methods of using boil off gases on increasing the efficiency of the natural gas liquefaction process.
PLASTIC DEFORMATION WITH OPEN STITCHING. FORMULATION OF THE PROBLEM
Authors: Vorontsov A. L.
Published: September 2024

A new method for the analytical solution of complex variational problems in the mechanics of a deformable solid body is proposed. Its effectiveness will be demonstrated in a series of articles on firmware. The first article systematizes the regularities of this process and performs a theoretical analysis of the billet upsetting stage.
FORCE ANALYSIS OF A PLANETARY ROLLER DRIVE TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE CONTACT COMPLIANCE OF THE MATING THREAD TURNS OF ITS PARTS
Authors: Blinov D. S. , Tsvetkov D. I.
Published: September 2024

The objects of study are planetary roller drives (PRD), which have high performance characteristics and are the most promising mechanical converters of rotational motion into linear motion. They are widely used as part of high-tech machines. Their design requires reliable force analysis. To do this, we need to determine the forces acting on the roller, which is an intermediate part between the nut and the screw. Several works provide approximate methods for the force calculation of the PRD, but in them, as an assumption based on similar calculations of machine parts, the distribution of the load between the roller thread turns interacting with the screw turns and with the nut turns is accepted. In this work, based on the fundamental principles of mechanics, using the necessary assumptions, a numerical method for determining forces is developed. These forces act in the PRD between the mating thread turns of the roller and the screw and between the mating thread turns of the roller and the nut, taking into account only one influencing factor – the momentum that overturns the roller. To implement this method, due to the very large amount of calculations, a computer program was developed. Usually, for force calculations of roller drives, the coefficient of uneven loading (Кн) of roller thread turns is introduced. For the control calculation of a PRD of standard size 20×8 with a four-thread screw and a length of the threaded part of the nut of 56 mm, Кн = 1.509, which is a very large value and shows the large influence of the overturning momentum on the load distribution between the roller threads. To determine the real unevenness of load distribution in the PRD, it is necessary to conduct further research that takes into account other factors influencing the uneven distribution of load in the PRD. In this case, the next most important factor is the uneven distribution of the total axial force between the rollers. This force is applied to the PRD from the actuator.
ASSESSMENT OF VIBRATION STRENGTH OF ELECTROMECHANICAL SENSORS
Authors: Lebedev V. A. , Koval N. S. , Kotenko O. N. , Sanamyan G. V.
Published: September 2024

An example of the design of an electromechanical sensor is given. The results of modeling the vibration loading of the product are presented. The resonant frequencies, stresses and displacements occurring in the structure are determined. An assessment of the vibration strength of the product structure is given.
SIMULATION OF AN AUTONOMOUS HYDROSTATIC DRIVE
Authors: Kuderko D. A. , Poteryakhina P. V. , Tselishchev V. A. , Tselishchev D. V.
Published: September 2024

The features of the application of autonomous electrohydraulic drives for power engineering are considered. The classification of linear actuators is given, the analysis of design and layout solutions of developers of autonomous steering actuators for general engineering is performed. The analysis of disadvantages is carried out and the directions of improvement of autonomous drives are presented. A scheme of an autonomous electrohydraulic drive with an automatic power control system based on the use of information from pressure, flow and displacement sensors is proposed. A mathematical model of an autonomous electrohydraulic drive with a power regulator has been developed, which makes it possible to estimate a random change in the load on the executive hydraulic motor and optimize the pump supply in accordance with the required task. The obtained research results confirm that an autonomous hydraulic drive with a power regulator is a promising technical solution that contributes to the development of high-precision power drives and controllability for general mechanical engineering.
DEVELOPMENT OF A STRATEGY FOR WORKING WITH SUPPLIERS FOR AN INSTRUMENT-BUILDING ENTERPRISE IN CHELYABINSK REGION, BASED ON A STAKEHOLDER ANALYSIS
Authors: Drankova N. A.
Published: September 2024

The development of any enterprise regardless of the sphere of activity, as well as the formation of its competitive advantages depend on stakeholders and, in particular, on suppliers. Therefore, understanding the needs and expectations of stakeholders is not enough for an enterprise to be effective, and it is essential to use the data to build relationships with stakeholders. The present material presents the experience of work in improving the quality management system of the instrument-making company of the Chelyabinsk region, namely in developing a strategy in relation to interested parties. The strategy aims to increase transparency with suppliers and reduce costs through a rational allocation of efforts and resources. The strategy proposed in this article allowed the instrument company to change the format of work with the supplier. The supplier became a full partner, working together from the very early stages of product development, increased the interest of the supplier, reduced costs on both sides.
DYNAMICS AND STABILITY OF EMERGENCY VEHICLES ON DIFFICULT TERRAIN
Authors: Yakovenko T. A. , Sopiga V. A.
Published: September 2024

This research paper examines the nuances of the dynamics and stability of emergency vehicles when maneuvering over complex terrain, offering a multifaceted analysis that combines theoretical modeling and empirical research. Central to the considerations is the study of the interaction between vehicle design and features of various landscapes, including mountain, forest and urban environments. The research uses a synergistic approach that interweaves advanced mathematical modeling techniques such as computational fluid dynamics and finite element analysis with experimental validation in real-world conditions. The methodology clarifies the critical role of vehicle design parameters, such as suspension tuning and aerodynamic properties, in determining vehicle performance in challenging environments. The study highlights the relevance of terrain-dependent speed limits and maneuvering strategies, advocating for modular vehicle designs and terrain-independent technologies. The paper not only makes a significant contribution to the optimization of emergency vehicles, but also paves the way for future research in the areas of artificial intelligence-driven control systems, sustainable propulsion technologies, and predictive performance modeling. Integrated solutions in this area re key to improving the efficiency and safety of rescue operations in diverse and challenging environments.
PROBLEMATIC ISSUES OF MECHANICS OF DEFORMABLE SOLIDS, AFFECTING THE ACCURACY OF ITS TECHNOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS. 1. INTRODUCTION
Authors: Vorontsov A. L.
Published: September 2024

The need for an intelligible consideration of some problems in the mechanics of a deformable solid, which strongly affect the accuracy and reliability of mathematical models and calculation formulas obtained on its basis when solving specific engineering and technological problems in the production of various metal products, is substantiated.
PROBLEMATIC ISSUES OF MECHANICS OF DEFORMABLE SOLIDS, AFFECTING THE ACCURACY OF ITS TECHNOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS. 2. IRREGULARITY OF TANGENTIAL STRESSES
Authors: Vorontsov A. L.
Published: September 2024

The proof of the unfoundedness of the law of pairing of tangential stresses is given. The main aspects of moment theories of elasticity and plasticity are considered.
INTELLIGENT MODEL FOR CLASSIFYING HEMODYNAMIC PATTERNS OF BRAIN ACTIVATION TO IDENTIFY NEUROCOGNITIVE MECHANISMS OF SPATIAL-NUMERICAL ASSOCIATIONS
Authors: Asadullaev R. G. , Sitnikova M. A.
Published: September 2024

The study presents the results of the development and testing of deep learning neural network architectures, which demonstrate high accuracy rates in classifying neurophysiological data, in particular hemodynamic brain activation patterns obtained by functional near-infrared spectroscopy, during solving mathematical problems on spatial-numerical associations. The analyzed signal represents a multidimensional time series of oxyhemoglobin and deoxyhemoglobin dynamics. Taking the specificity of the fNIRS signal into account, a comparative analysis of 2 types of neural network architectures was carried out: (1) architectures based on recurrent neural networks: recurrent neural network with long short-term memory, recurrent neural network with long short-term memory with fully connected layers, bidirectional recurrent neural network with long short-term memory, convolutional recurrent neural network with long short-term memory; (2) architectures based on convolutional neural networks with 1D convolutions: convolutional neural network, fully convolutional neural network, residual neural network. Trained long short-term memory recurrent neural network architectures showed worse results in accuracy in comparison with 1D convolutional neural network architectures. Residual neural network (model_Resnet) demonstrated the highest accuracy rates in three experimental conditions more than 88% in detecting age-related differences in brain activation during spatial-numerical association tasks considering the individual characteristics of the respondents’ signal.
DISTRIBUTION OF RESOURCES TO ENSURE ANTI-TERRORIST SECURITY OF SOCIALLY SIGNIFICANT FACILITIES
Authors: Kolodkin V. M. , Varlamova D. M. , Shakirov A. D.
Published: September 2024

A new software package ‒ electronic testing ground ‒ designed to increase the anti-terrorist protection of socially significant objects is presented. The complex supports mathematical modeling of antagonistic conflict between the offender and risk recipients in the context of a terrorist attack. The complex is based on the author’s methodology for increasing security, based on countering a terrorist attack through the controlled movement of human flows (controlled evacuation) to security zones along safe trajectories. Active protection of risk recipients under attack conditions takes into account the capabilities of engineering and technical means of protection. Algorithms for modeling controlled movement are built on the conditions of minimizing damage to risk recipients in conditions of a terrorist attack. Active protection is advisable when the attack time horizon is about 10 minutes. The most important feature of the presented electronic test site is the design of movement trajectories of risk recipients in automatic mode, taking into account the dynamics of the development of a terrorist attack. A digital model of the protected object is built using the domestic BIM system Renga. To simulate the activity of the intruder and the movement of human flows in real time the building model is represented as a topological graph. Quantitative assessment of the level of terrorist security of each socially significant object is based on a comparison of the levels of threats and security. Correspondence between the level of security and the level of threats is decisive for identifying a set of objects whose protection system requires modernization. The software package is focused on solving practical problems. In particular, the distribution of limited resources allocated to improve anti-terrorist security. The practical orientation of the electronic training ground is demonstrated by the example of the distribution of funds for the modernization of the anti-terrorism security system for the buildings of an educational institution.
AUTOMATA-BASED PROGRAMMING PRACTICE FOR NETWORKED CONTROL SYSTEMS DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Kuznetsov N. A. , Antonov ( S. V.
Published: September 2024

Today, network information control systems are a promising area for scientific research in the context of production development in accordance with the Smart Manufacturing strategy and the cloud computing technologies application. The problems of delays and failures occur. That leads to the packet loss problem which is transformed into a failure of the network node of the information control system. In this paper, an approach for determining packet losses and delays is formulated, where the problem of packet loss is converted into a failure of a network node of an information control system. The conclusion about the need to determine the state of the control object in order to solve the problems identified above is made. As a result of this study, a search for a target automata-based algorithm that minimizes the risk of a complete failure of the control system network infrastructure was proposed. This algorithm was tested by means of using theoretical and real topology. In this paper related software was also developed and described. In this article we develop architecture of application designed by means of the proposed approach. The mentioned approach designed for using RAFT consensus algorithm as based algorithm for network information control systems development. This article described basic differences and problems of most popular classes, of consensus algorithms in view point of network information control systems. This work is taking into consideration application of distributed systems concepts to network control information systems field. This article related with development distributed systems using java language and Jraft framework. In the conclusion of the research work analyzed results of tests of developed system in specially created laboratory bench.
ANALYSIS OF NATURAL LANGUAGE TEXTS IN THE TASK OF ASSESSING REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DESIGN OF AIRCRAFT AVIONICS
Authors: Vishnyakov B. V. , Sgibnev I. V. , Solodelov Yu. A. , Krasnoshchekov D. V. , Nikolaev K. A. , Voronkov G. V. , Brianskiy S. A. , Shtraukh A. S. , Vlasenkova A. D.
Published: September 2024

The problem of automatic assessment of technical requirements is analyzed. One of the aspects considered is the rationale for the preparation of specific data that should be used in the training of a “transformer” neural network. For this purpose, we compare the software requirements with the design requirements. The criteria for the requirement correctness check are provided, the cases of violation of these criteria are shown. The method that allows to classify requirements according to their compliance and non-compliance with the rules is proposed. Such state-of-the-art transformer architectures as RuBERT, RuBERT-tiny, RuRoBERTa-large, RuDeBERTa, RuDeBERTa-distill are considered. The small dataset of software requirements containing both correct and incorrect examples for the “indivisibility”, “completeness”, “unambiguity” and “correctness” rules to conduct experiments was used. The F1-score to evaluate the algorithms is calculated. Experimental results show that the RuBERT-tiny model demonstrates optimal performance on this small dataset in terms of minimum inference time and the highest value of the F1-score for most rules. High values of the F1-score for the other models were also obtained. It can be concluded that the considered neural network architectures can be used for the tasks of automatic assessment and classification of technical requirements. The use of a “transformer” neural network can potentially improve the quality of preliminary analysis and reduce the time spent on verifying their correctness in the software development process.
Micropollutant Control in Wastewater Treatment
Authors: Muhammad Hanaa A. , Masyab Hikmat M. , Othman Bakhtyar A. , Mahmood Yaseen N.
Published: September 2024

Micropollutants, an array of organic compounds such as pharmaceuticals, personal care products, and agrochemicals, are pervasive in contemporary ecosystems, posing significant threats to environmental health even in trace concentrations. Therefore, exploring an efficient and effective technique to remediate these pollutants is essential. Nitrification–denitrification (ND) have emerged as one of the most sustainable treatment methods that effectively mitigate micropollutants while facilitating their biotransformation. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the intricate interactions fundamentally and mechanically between the ND process and the influencing factors, such as dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration and pH optimization, which are vital to the success of micropollutant biotransformation. Insights gained from this examination contribute to a deeper understanding of microbial strategies, which offer potential avenues for sustainable environmental management and the protection of ecosystem integrity.
The role of intersectionality in research on Teachers of Color and Indigenous Teachers
Authors: Kulkarni Saili S. , Burkhard Tanja , Johns David J.
Published: September 2024

This paper emphasizes the complexity and criticality of intersectionality in understanding the research on Teachers of Color and Indigenous Teachers (TOCIT). Cho and colleagues (2013) identified three dimensions of intersectional dialogues: how intersectionality has been used in research and teaching, how it has been used as a theory and methodology, and how it has been used in community organizations. As Cho and colleagues noted, equally as important as what intersectionality does in theory is what it does in practice. Therefore, we drew from the recently published Handbook of Research on Teachers of Color and Indigenous Teachers to highlight how intersectionality research has captured the beliefs, perspectives, retention, and recruitment of TOCIT. We begin by summarizing critical contributions from the Handbook and other recent research highlighting intersectionality in understanding and diversifying the teaching workforce. We then integrate policy impacts and implications and provide a case exemplar of how intersectionality can be thoughtfully integrated into the existing scholarship and practices to recruit and retain TOCIT.
The use and ethical implications of artificial intelligence in scientific research and academic writing
Authors: Dinçer Serkan
Published: September 2024

The integration of artificial intelligence into scientific research has significantly changed research methodologies, including data analysis, literature review and academic writing. This paper aims to explore the diverse applications of artificial intelligence tools in scientific research and its relationship with scientific ethics. The review shows that artificial intelligence tools accelerate research processes, especially in data-intensive fields, by improving the efficiency and accuracy of data analysis and literature review. It also highlights the growing role of artificial intelligence in academic writing, where tools such as ChatGPT streamline text generation and editing. However, the rapid adoption of artificial intelligence tools has sparked ethical debates, particularly around academic integrity, originality and the reliability of artificial intelligence generated sources. This paper assesses these emerging challenges and highlights the need for clear ethical guidelines. Ultimately, it concludes that artificial intelligence tools are a powerful tool that can greatly benefit research if used responsibly, but unethical practices such as data manipulation and plagiarism must be avoided. Human oversight remains essential to ensure the ethical use of artificial intelligence tools in research processes.
Boj o zachovanie koakvizície v medzivojnovom Československu
Authors: Martincová Lenka
Published: September 2024

The adoption of the law on the establishment of an independent Czechoslovak state from 1918, which adopted the previous law of Austria-Hungary on Czechoslovakterritory, brought with it legal dualism. This was also manifested in property relations between spouses; while in the territory of the Czech countries this area was based on the dispositively applicable legal system of separate property of spouses, in the territory of Slovakia and Carpathian Ruthenia Russia two dispositive systems operated side by side, namely the system of separate property and the co-acquisition system, which were derived from the previous status arrangement of society. The solution to the legal dualism, which brought with it many problems, was supposed to be a legal arrangement that would be applied uniformly throughout the territory. After many discussions, the unification work took the path of a moderate revision of the provisions of the ABGB, while in this process the specific legal conditions of Slovakia and Carpathian Ruthenia were considered. The study follows the unification work in the field of civil law mainly on the basis of the discussions of experts who participated in the drafting of the Civil Code and the basic documents that were their results, while paying particular attention to the activities of the Slovak professional public, led by the Ministry of Unification and the Slovak Commission for the civil law as well as other experts who fought for the preservation of the institution of co-acquisition in the interwar period.
VANÍČEK V. – KOTOUS J. (ed.). Posunuté jubileum. 1050. let od založení pražského biskupství
Authors: Tomášek Michal
Published: September 2024

Book review on VANÍČEK V. – KOTOUS J. (eds.). Posunuté jubileum. 1050 let od založení pražského biskupství. Praha: Nakladatelství Lidové noviny, 2024, 500 s.
Hope and Imagination: Theological Aspirations for Overcoming Violence
Authors: Gehlin Sara
Published: September 2024

This article highlights the imperative of building defences of peace in the human mind, articulated in the Constitution of UNESCO. Pursuing the question of how such defences can be built in contexts of religious antagonism, the article explores the work of ecumenical theologians who seek to find ways of building defences of peace in the minds of believers. The exploration involves intersecting ecumenical theology with the fields of religious education, cognitive science, and peace studies. In this way, the article brings introductory perspectives to interdisciplinary research that considers pressing questions of how to overcome violence and build peaceful communities. Throughout the investigation, hope and imagination serve as guiding concepts. Hope is discussed with regard to memory, change of perceptions, and the building of trust and peace. However, the article also considers the tendency towards constructing imagined enemies. Elucidating how empathetic imagination can provide resistance to this tendency, it discusses the way dialogue might break destructive habits of imagining the religious other as an enemy. With a view to this capacity of dialogue, the article considers the role of longstanding endeavours of ecumenical exchange in processes towards overcoming violence and constructing defences of peace in human minds.
How Did Early Modern Scholars Study Early Maps?
Authors: Edney Matthew H
Published: September 2024

The two standard Anglophone historiographies of the history of cartography (Skelton 1972, Harley 1987) situated the field’s origins in the early modern era, or even in the later Middle Ages. Yet “history” and “cartography” are both products of the profound changes in the intellectual foundations and institutions of European knowledge practices in the decades to either side of 1800. By contrast, this essay explores how early modern scholars variously engaged with maps from the past in terms of contemporary knowledge practices. [Part 1] It first outlines the early modern meanings of “history” and “geography” and then reviews how early modern scholars engaged with early maps in three distinct ways. Classical scholars used the Peutinger map and Ptolemy’s Geography to identify locations of ancient places in order to improve their comprehension of Classical texts. [Part 2] Some geographers wrote histories of voyages and travels that related past routes to contemporary maps, and others wrote historical narratives of the compilation of encyclopedic texts and maps of regional and world knowledge. [Part 3] Antiquaries opportunistically described and at times reproduced a variety of maps, charts, and plans that came to their attention, but without active searches for early maps. Overall, I demonstrate that before 1775 there was neither a systematic approach taken to the study of maps from the past nor any hint of the core methodology that would be adopted by the first historiographical mode of map history as it developed after 1830.
The second Yamabe invariant with boundary
Authors: Ho Pak Tung , Pyo Juncheol
Published: September 2024

Let

(

M
,
∂
M
,
g

)

\left(M,\partial M,g)

be a compact Riemannian manifold with boundary. As a generalization of the Yamabe invariant with boundary

Y

(

M
,
∂
M
,
g

)

Y\left(M,\partial M,g)

, we define the kth Yamabe invariant with boundary

Y

k

(

M
,
∂
M
,
g

)

{Y}_{k}\left(M,\partial M,g)

. We prove some of its properties and study when it can be attained by the generalized metric. We also prove a version of conformal Schwarz lemma on

(

M
,
∂
M
,
g

)

\left(M,\partial M,g)

by using the Yamabe flow with boundary.
Flag-transitive 2-designs with prime-square or prime-cube block length
Authors: Zhong Chuyi , Zhou Shenglin
Published: September 2024

We study 2-

(
v
,
k
,
λ
)

(v,k,\lambda)

designs

D
=

(
P
,
B
)

\mathcal{D}=(\mathcal{P},\mathcal{B})

admitting a flag-transitive automorphism group 𝐺, where

k
=

p
2

k=p^{2}

or

p
3

p^{3}

, and 𝑝 is prime.
We prove that if

k
=

p
2

k=p^{2}

, then 𝐺 must be point-primitive, and 𝐺 is of affine or almost simple type except for two examples.
If

k
=

p
3

k=p^{3}

, and 𝐺 is point-primitive, then 𝐺 is of affine, almost simple, or product type with

G
≤

H
≀

S
2

G\leq H\wr S_{2}

acting on

P
=

Δ
×
Δ

\mathcal{P}=\Delta\times\Delta

, where 𝐻 is a primitive group on Δ.
Furthermore, if 𝐺 is point-imprimitive with a system Σ of imprimitivity consisting of 𝑑 classes of size 𝑐, we determine the parameters

(
v
,
k
,
μ
,
c
,
d
)

(v,k,\mu,c,d)

, where 𝜇 is the size of the nonempty set

B
∩
C

B\cap C

with

B
∈
B

B\in\mathcal{B}

and

C
∈
Σ

C\in\Sigma

.
Moreover, some infinite families of flag-transitive 2-

(
v
,

p
3

,
λ
)

(v,p^{3},\lambda)

designs are also constructed.
Containment control for non-linear fractional-order multi-agent systems via refined sample data controller
Authors: Padmaja N. , Balasubramaniam P. , Lakshmanan S.
Published: September 2024

This manuscript concentrates on the problem of designing a sampled data controller (SDC) for the consensus of a fractional-order multi-agent system (FOMAS) with Lipschitz non-linearity via an algebraic approach. The solution of the FOMAS is represented by using the Laplace transform approach. An upper bound of the sampling period is determined through various integral inequality techniques. Distinguished from the existing works, the estimate for an upper bound is more accurate which involves the Lipschitz constant of the non-linear function. Finally, numerical examples are given to validate the correctness of results. Furthermore, the comparison results are presented to show the proposed method determines a better upper bound of the sampling period.
Tibial periosteum flap combined with autologous bone grafting in the treatment of Gustilo-IIIB/IIIC open tibial fractures
Authors: Gao Yuling , Liu Yang , Hu Hongyu , Gao Shunhong , Zhou Junlin
Published: September 2024

Purpose

Gustilo IIIB/C injuries are common for tibia diaphysis fractures with high rates of nonunion, osteomyelitis, and amputation. However, the managements on tibial Gustilo IIIB/C injuries are still controversial and individual. The aim of this study is to introduce the tibial periosteum flap combined with autologous bone grafting to treat Gustilo-IIIB/IIIC injuries.

Methods

Sixteen Gustilo type IIIB/C tibial fracture patients who underwent tibial periosteum flaps with autologous bone grafting surgeries were retrospectively studied. In the first stage, the wound was treated with debridement and the fracture was reduced and fixed with an external fixator. After covering with vacuum sealing drainage for 7 days, the wound areas were repaired by flaps. When the flaps survived and external fixators were removed, the tibial periosteum flaps were taken with autologous bone grafting for bone defects.

Results

The tibia fractures were comminuted fractures with mean size of segment bone defects 3.1 ± 1.3 cm. All the flaps survived and the wound healed in the first stage after an average of 1.5 ± 0.6 months. The mean size of the flap was 13.2 ± 2.8 cm × 7.3 ± 3.1 cm. All the autografts healed in 4.5 ± 0.7 months without infection and malunion. There was no pain in the affected limb. The weight-bearing and walking function were restored.

Conclusion

Tibial periosteum flap combined with autologous bone grafting is effective to treat bone–skin defect of leg with Gustilo-IIIB/IIIC injury.
A Novel Mouse Home Cage Lickometer System Reveals Sex- and Housing-Based Influences on Alcohol Drinking
Authors: Petersen Nicholas , Adank Danielle N. , Quan Yizhen , Edwards Caitlyn M. , Hallal Sabrina D. , Taylor Anne , Winder Danny G. , Doyle Marie A.
Published: September 2024

Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a significant global health issue. Despite historically higher rates among men, AUD prevalence and negative alcohol-related outcomes in women are rising. Loneliness in humans has been associated with increased alcohol use, and traditional rodent drinking models involve single housing, presenting challenges for studying social enrichment. We developed LIQ PARTI (Lick Instance Quantifier with Poly-Animal RFID Tracking Integration), an open-source tool to examine home cage continuous access two-bottle choice drinking behavior in a group-housed setting, investigating the influence of sex and social isolation on ethanol consumption and bout microstructure in C57Bl/6J mice. LIQ PARTI, based on our previously developed single-housed LIQ HD system, accurately tracks drinking behavior using capacitive-based sensors and RFID technology. Group-housed female mice exhibited higher ethanol preference than males, while males displayed a unique undulating pattern of ethanol preference linked to cage changes, suggesting a potential stress or novelty-related response. Chronic ethanol intake distinctly altered bout microstructure between male and female mice, highlighting sex and social environmental influences on drinking behavior. Social isolation with the LIQ HD system amplified fluid intake and ethanol preference in both sexes, accompanied by sex- and fluid-dependent changes in bout microstructure. However, these effects largely reversed upon resocialization, indicating the plasticity of these behaviors in response to social context. Utilizing a novel group-housed home cage lickometer device, our findings illustrate the critical interplay of sex and housing conditions in voluntary alcohol drinking behaviors in C57Bl/6J mice, facilitating nuanced insights into the potential contributions to AUD etiology.
Z Rzeczypospolitej do sowieсkiego łagru: losy wyznawcy wiary ks. prot. Serafina Batorewicza w ZSRS
Authors:   Parafia Prawosławna św. wielkiego męczennika Jerzego Zwycięzcy w Białymstoku, Polska, Nikulin Ivan
Published: September 2024

Based on published sources and archival documents as well as specialist research, the author reviews the biography of an activist of the Polish Orthodox Church, Archpriest Seraphim Batorewicz (1905–1960). A graduate of the Faculty of Orthodox Theology at the University of Warsaw and a close collaborator of Metropolitan Dionysius in post-war times came to the USSR, where in 1951 was sentenced to 25 years in the prison camp (“lagier”). After the death of Stalin and as a result of radiation sickness in 1957 he was released from the camp in the Urals. In his last years, he was the priest of the cathedral in Sverdlovsk (now Yekaterinburg, Russia) and had a conflict with a representative of the Soviet authorities. It can be said that the fate of the Orthodox priest was typical of a large part of the Orthodox clergy of the Second Polish Republic.
Disturbed function of TBL1X has a differential effect on T3-regulated gene expression in two human liver cell models
Authors: Hu Yalan , Soares De Oliveira Lorraine , Falize Kim , Paul van Trotsenburg A S , Fliers Eric , Kaserman Joseph E , Wilson Andrew A , Hollenberg Anthony N , Bruinstroop Eveline , Boelen Anita
Published: September 2024

Background

Mutations in TBL1X, part of the NCOR1/SMRT corepressor complex, were identified in patients with hereditary X-linked central congenital hypothyroidism and associated hearing loss. The role of TBL1X in thyroid hormone (TH) action, however, is incompletely understood. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of TBL1X on T3-regulated gene expression in two human liver cell models.

Methods

A human hepatoma cell line (HepG2) wherein TBL1X was downregulated using siRNAs, and human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived hepatocytes (iHeps) generated from individuals with a TBL1X N365Y mutation. Both cell types were treated with increasing concentrations of T3. The expression of T3-regulated genes was measured by qPCR.

Results

KLF9, CPT1A, and PCK1 mRNA expression were higher upon T3 stimulation in the HepG2 cells with decreased TBL1X expression compared to controls, while DIO1 mRNA expression was lower. Hemizygous TBL1X N365Y iHeps exhibited decreased expression of CPT1A, G6PC1, PCK1, FBP1, and ELOVL2 compared to cells with the heterozygous TBL1X N365Y allele, but KLF9 and HMGCS2 expression was unaltered.

Conclusion

Downregulation of TBL1X in HepG2 cells and the TBL1X N365Y variant in iHeps have differential effects on T3-regulated gene expression. This suggests that TBL1X may play a gene context role in TH action.
Economía circular y ambiente: una evaluación económico-financiera para la instalación de una planta de reciclaje de residuos de aparatos eléctricos y electrónicos en la ciudad de Bahía Blanca, Argentina
Authors: Diez José Ignacio , Tedesco Lorena , Imaz-Harguindeguy Agustín
Published: September 2024

[Introduction]: Within the framework of the current capitalist system, human beings have become an important polluting agent. Current production and consumption processes do not consider the existence of finite natural resources and a planet incapable of processing the waste that the existing way of life generates. Given these circumstances, the study of non-linear models is of interest, which make a more rational use of the waste that the productive activity generates, favoring recycling mechanisms. The phenomenon of recycling becomes particularly relevant in the case of electrical and electronic devices, whose ability to be degraded and metabolized by planet Earth is extremely difficult. [Objective]: Evaluate the feasibility of installing and starting a recycling plant for electrical and electronics items in the town of Bahía Blanca (Argentina), during 2021. [Methodology]: The conventional method for evaluating investment projects was used, considering technical, legal and economic aspects. [Results]: The project is not acceptable according to the profitability intended by the investor. The possibility of financing was also included, which made the project even less profitable, and the sensitivity of the results was measured, finding that the price should be 1.48 % higher than that used in the analysis. [Conclusions]: Other alternatives must be explored to make the project profitable from an economic and financial point of view.
Desafíos económicos, socioafectivos y académicos del regreso a la educación presencial pos-COVID-19: experiencia del estudiantado
Authors: Guillén Cordero Norieth
Published: September 2024

The objective of this paper is to describe the main challenges that the students of the Escuela de Secretariado Profesional (ESP) of the Universidad Nacional (UNA) of Costa Rica have experienced when returning to the face-to-face modality after having completed their studies through virtuality for two years, as a result of the adjustments that were necessary in education due to the COVID-19 global pandemic; in addition, it is sought to know what strategies the ESP has adopted to favor the process of integrating students into face-to-face classes and what other curricular changes have been made to facilitate this population to continue their studies in the best way. The essay shows that the main challenges of returning to in-person education are categorized as economic, socio-affective, and academic. Among the actions promoted by the ESP to facilitate the students’ transition, there is the unification of days for virtual classes and the incorporation of new modalities in the curriculum.
Competencias del profesorado de inglés: una mirada desde la Universidad Nacional,Costa Rica
Authors: Carranza-Marchena Priscilla , Tapia-Loría Carolina
Published: September 2024

Mastering English is an essential requirement for the professionals of the 21st century. Therefore, Costa Rican public universities, and specifically, Universidad Nacional (UNA) must ensure an adequate and efficient pedagogical praxis from the English as a Foreign Language professors in terms of a) academic competences, b) language competences, c) competences to address diversity and inclusion, d) pedagogical mediation, e) competences in evaluation, and f) technological competences. This article problematizes, from a personal perspective, the principles previously mentioned in relation to university teaching; thus, it discusses the identified possible pedagogical paths to face the challenges of these contemporary times.
Las representaciones geométricas en un libro de texto interactivo de geometría para la educación primaria
Authors: Monge Madriz Carlos Alberto , Suárez Valdés-Ayala Zuleyka , Meza Cascante Luis Gerardo , Solís Ortega Rebeca
Published: September 2024

The project “Eveprim 3.1: An Interactive Geometry Resource for Third-Grade Primary Students” was developed in 2023 by the School of Mathematics at the Costa Rica Institute of Technology (ITCR in Spanish); its objective was to create a digital book covering the skills and content for that level as outlined in the official Costa Rican Mathematics program. In the initial stage of book creation, a thorough analysis of texts from three Costa Rican publishers was conducted. This evaluation was focused on the adequacy of figurative representations of geometric concepts, distractions in structuring and orientation, and the suitability of images of real objects. Considering the identified weaknesses, the digital resource was developed and subsequently validated through expert judgment. The result is an interactive geometry book characterized by the inclusion of figures in non-standardized positions in terms of structure and orientation, and a high percentage of real images, enhancing students’ spatial visualization and comprehension skills. Furthermore, the project encourages learning through dynamic representations by incorporating videos and interactive web applications.
MEASUREMENTS OF ATMOSPHERIC PARAMETERS ALONG AN EXTENDED PATH. I. ACOUSTIC MEASUREMENTS OF TURBULENCE AND AVERAGE WIND SPEED
Authors: ТОРГАЕВ А.В. , КАЗАКОВ Д.В. , ЛУКИН В.П.
Published: September 2024

В августе 2022 г. с помощью акустической метеостанции АМК-03 были проведены измерения уровня турбулентности и средней скорости ветра на протяженной атмосферной трассе. Показано, что метеостанция АМК-03 обеспечивает достоверные данные по уровню турбулентности и скорости ветра. Результаты измерений уровня турбулентности в различных точках вдоль неоднородной атмосферной трассы корректно пересчитываются в значения радиуса когерентности (параметр Фрида) для оптической волны произвольной длины и расходимости по формулам теории распространения волн. Это позволяет сравнивать данные локальных акустических и оптических трассовых измерений уровня турбулентности.

The results of measurements of atmospheric parameters (level of turbulence and average wind speed) along an extended path are discussed. These measurements were carried out to determine the effective average values of atmospheric turbulence parameters along the path of optical radiation propagation. The measurements were carried out in August 2022 using an AMK-03 acoustic weather station. It is shown that the AMK-03 weather station, with a certified measurement technique, provides reliable information on the level of turbulence and on the wind speed. The measurement data of the turbulence level at different points along the atmospheric path are correctly recalculated into the values of the coherence length (the Fried parameter) for an optical wave of an arbitrary length and different divergence by the formulas of the wave propagation theory. This makes it possible to compare local acoustic and optical path measurements of the turbulence level.