bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Remote Reorientations: Teach for India Fellow Perceptions of Pedagogy and Technology During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Chandras Jessica
Published: January 2023

In March 2020, when the COVID-19 pandemic forced schools to close, students from marginalised communities across the world were disproportionately impacted in terms of educational access, opportunities and outcomes. This article explores reorientations to technology for online remote instruction from the perspective of educators delivering instruction with the educational non-profit organisation Teach for India (TFI) in Pune, a city in the western Indian state of Maharashtra. From qualitative ethnographic interviews with TFI fellows and programme managers to online classroom observations from April 2020 until October 2021, this article illustrates successes and challenges in online instruction during the COVID-19 pandemic, which facilitated both teaching innovations and made apparent cleavages in access to education among marginalised students and their families. Ultimately, TFI’s short-term fellowship model provided novice instructors with a unique window of opportunity during the COVID-19 pandemic to integrate technology into pedagogy in novel ways.
A piezoelectric valveless pump with flexible actuators
Authors: Chen Song , Zhang Jie , Huang Zijian , Wang Liewei , Liu Haidong , Meng Fanxu , Kan Junwu
Published: January 2023

A piezoelectric valveless pump with flexible actuators (PVPFA) is proposed, which owns advantages of flexible driving, changeable flow direction and high output performance. The PVPFA is consist of three flexible actuators and a pump body. The direction of pumping fluid can be changed by setting different fluid medium volumes in the hydraulic amplification chamber. Each flexible actuator adopts hydraulic amplification structure, which makes PVPFA provide higher output performance. The theoretical model of the factors affecting the flow rate of PVPFA is established and verified by experiments. The experimental results show that PVPFA obtains a maximum flow rate of 98.48 ml/min and a maximum pressure of 10.7 kPa. PVPFA provides a new idea for piezoelectric valveless pump.
Constitutive modeling for the training process of two-way shape memory effect under thermal cyclic loading
Authors: Hakimi Rashid , Ashrafi Mohammad Javad
Published: January 2023

Shape memory alloys (SMAs)—if trained properly—can induce two-way shape memory effect which is applicable in actuator design using SMAs. In this study, a three-dimensional phenomenological model is proposed for SMAs within the framework of irreversible thermodynamics in order to predict the training process under cyclic loading and the induced two-way shape memory effect. In this regard, transformation and permanent strains are considered as internal variables and Helmholtz free energy function is introduced using several material parameters accounting for elastic, transformation and permanent deformation mechanisms. In order to demonstrate the capabilities of the proposed model, we first compare the model results with several experimental results and prove that the current model fits well with various experiments under cyclic loading as well as two-way shape memory effect. In addition, the capabilities of the present model in predicting the two-way shape memory effect, degradation effects, evolution rate, stabilization of permanent strain as well as multiaxial loading have been carefully examined through parametric studies. It is concluded that the present model is able to predict the training process from the initial cycles to stabilization and two-way effect for different materials and conditions.
Mapping the Iceberg of Autonomic Recovery: Mechanistic Underpinnings of Neuromodulation following Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: Samejima Soshi , Shackleton Claire , Miller Tiev , Moritz Chet T. , Kessler Thomas M. , Krogh Klaus , Sachdeva Rahul , Krassioukov Andrei V.
Published: January 2023

Spinal cord injury leads to disruption in autonomic control resulting in cardiovascular, bowel, and lower urinary tract dysfunctions, all of which significantly reduce health-related quality of life. Although spinal cord stimulation shows promise for promoting autonomic recovery, the underlying mechanisms are unclear. Based on current preclinical and clinical evidence, this narrative review provides the most plausible mechanisms underlying the effects of spinal cord stimulation for autonomic recovery, including activation of the somatoautonomic reflex and induction of neuroplastic changes in the spinal cord. Areas where evidence is limited are highlighted in an effort to guide the scientific community to further explore these mechanisms and advance the clinical translation of spinal cord stimulation for autonomic recovery.
Sound transmission loss in functionally graded porous metastructural plate with absorber
Authors: Taghipour Alale , Dardel Morteza
Published: January 2023

In the present work, sound transmission loss (STL) of two plates functionally graded sandwich structures with a porous core is studied. The plates are modeled by first-order shear deformation theory. To obtain an acoustic metamaterial plate with the greatest STL, a functionally graded porous (FGP) plate with a tuned mass damper absorber is used. The obtained results show that using a FGP plate or using only an absorber is sufficient for increasing sound transmission loss, but the simultaneous use of them is effective in higher frequencies.
Vibration transmission characteristic prediction and structure inverse design of acoustic metamaterial beams based on deep learning
Authors: Li Yinggang , Chen Dingkang , Li Xiaobin , Wang Weibo
Published: January 2023

In this paper, an intelligent prediction and design method of acoustic metamaterial beams based on deep learning is presented. A theoretical model of acoustic metamaterial beams is derived by using the spectral element method to calculate the band structure and transmission characteristic of beam-type acoustic metamaterial. A high-degree-of-freedom design space dataset of band structure and transmission characteristics is constructed. In addition, the vibration transmission characteristics of acoustic metamaterial beams are predicted and the on-demand inverse design of acoustic metamaterial beams is realized by constructing a fully connected deep learning neural network model. Furthermore, the forward prediction and reverse design network model is verified by using the autoencoder neural network model. Results show that the predicted value of the autoencoder neural network structure is in good agreement with the target value, which indicates the feasibility of the intelligent design method of acoustic metamaterials based on deep learning. The presented intelligent design method could be potentially utilized in the field of fast and efficient acoustic metamaterial design for low frequency vibration isolation in engineering structures.
Change of reference configuration in nonlinear elasticity: Perpetuation of a basic error
Authors: Ogden Ray W
Published: January 2023

This article highlights and corrects fundamental errors in the publication [A new restriction for initially stressed elastic solids, Quart. J. Mech. Appl. Math. 70, 455-478 (2017)] and related works.
Social Psychology of and for World-Making
Authors: Power Séamus A. , Zittoun Tania , Akkerman Sanne , Wagoner Brady , Cabra Martina , Cornish Flora , Hawlina Hana , Heasman Brett , Mahendran Kesi , Psaltis Charis , Rajala Antti , Veale Angela , Gillespie Alex
Published: January 2023

Academic Abstract

Social psychology’s disconnect from the vital and urgent questions of people’s lived experiences reveals limitations in the current paradigm. We draw on a related perspective in social psychology1—the sociocultural approach—and argue how this perspective can be elaborated to consider not only social psychology as a historical science but also social psychology of and for world-making. This conceptualization can make sense of key theoretical and methodological challenges faced by contemporary social psychology. As such, we describe the ontology, epistemology, ethics, and methods of social psychology of and for world-making. We illustrate our framework with concrete examples from social psychology. We argue that reconceptualizing social psychology in terms of world-making can make it more humble yet also more relevant, reconnecting it with the pressing issues of our time.

Public Abstract

We propose that social psychology should focus on “world-making” in two senses. First, people are future-oriented and often are guided more by what could be than what is. Second, social psychology can contribute to this future orientation by supporting people’s world-making and also critically reflecting on the role of social psychological research in world-making. We unpack the philosophical assumptions, methodological procedures, and ethical considerations that underpin a social psychology of and for world-making. Social psychological research, whether it is intended or not, contributes to the societies and cultures in which we live, and thus it cannot be a passive bystander of world-making. By embracing social psychology of and for world-making and facing up to the contemporary societal challenges upon which our collective future depends will make social psychology more humble but also more relevant.
Preclinical In-Vivo Safety of a Novel Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone-Loaded Biodegradable Nanoparticles After Intranasal Administration in Rats and Primates
Authors: Ramot Yuval , Rottenberg Yakir , Domb Abraham J. , Kubek Michael J. , Williams Kevin D. , Nyska Abraham
Published: January 2023

Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) and TRH-like peptides carry a therapeutic potential for neurological conditions. Nanoparticles (NP) made of the biodegradable polymer, Poly(Sebacic Anhydride) (PSA), have been developed to carry TRH, intended for intranasal administration to patients. There is limited information on the safety of biodegradable polymers when given intranasally, and therefore, we have performed two preclinical safety and toxicity studies in cynomolgus monkeys and rats using TRH-PSA nanoparticles. The rats and monkeys were dosed intranasally for 42 days or 28 days, respectively, and several animals were followed for additional 14 days. Animals received either placebo, vehicle (PSA), or different concentrations of TRH-PSA. No systemic adverse effects were seen. Changes in T3 or T4 concentrations were observed in some TRH-PSA-treated animals, which did not have clinical or microscopic correlates. No effect was seen on TSH or prolactin concentrations. In the monkey study, microscopic changes in the nasal turbinates were observed, which were attributed to incidental mechanical trauma caused during administration. Taken together, the TRH-loaded PSA NPs have proven to be safe, with no local or systemic adverse effects attributed to the drug loaded nanoparticles. These findings provide additional support to the growing evidence of the safety of peptide-loaded NPs for intranasal delivery and pave the way for future clinical trials in humans.
Racial and Ethnic Composition of Students, Graduates, and Faculty in Environmental Health Sciences, 2011 to 2021
Authors: Bather Jemar R , Burke Emily M , Plepys Christine M , Goodman Melody S
Published: January 2023

The lack of diversity among the environmental health sciences (EHS) workforce has been an ongoing concern. However, limited research exists on the racial and ethnic composition of EHS students and faculty over time. We analyzed 2011 and 2021 data on EHS students, graduates, and faculty to compare changes in the racial and ethnic composition among Association of Schools and Programs of Public Health-member institutions. Among the institutions that reported data in both years, we observed significant proportion increases among Hispanic enrolled students (overall and master’s: both P = .01), Multiracial enrolled students and graduates (overall: both P < .05, master’s level: both P < .05), and Asian tenured professors ( P = .01). Significant decreases were observed among Unknown enrolled students (overall: P = .01, master’s level: P < .001), Unknown master’s level graduates ( P = .01), AI/AN enrolled students (overall and master’s: both P < .05), and White full professors ( P < .001) and tenured faculty ( P < .001). Despite these findings, no substantial change existed among the other racial and ethnic groups. More efforts are needed to recruit, train, and promote racial and ethnic minorities who can leverage their lived experiences to provide novel solutions to environmental challenges.
Delayed Anaphylaxis to Intravenous Colistin in a Critically Ill Cancer Patient: A Case Report
Authors: Awad Wedad B , Alsheyyab Farah , Nazer Lama , Mahmoud Naser
Published: January 2023

Introduction:

Anaphylaxis is an acute, life-threatening, multi-system syndrome that has been reported with a wide range of medications. Though anaphylaxis usually has a rapid onset, we describe a patient who developed anaphylaxis to intravenous colistin after 28 days of daily administration.

Case presentation:

A 20 years-old Caucasian male patient, with a history of relapsed acute myeloid leukemia, was transferred from the medical floor to our intensive care unit with septic shock. The source of infection was presumed to be a recto-cecal abscess and arm cellulitis. Cultures were positive for extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) and carbapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae (CRE) Escherichia coli. for which he was receiving broad spectrum antibiotics, as well as intravenous colistin, started about 4 weeks earlier. On day 2 of ICU admission, and during the administration of colistin, the patient experienced an anaphylactic reaction. He developed hypotension requiring the initiation of norepinephrine, shortness of breath, hypoxia, tachycardia, and tachypnea. The reaction was resolved after supportive therapy but it was thought to be related to septic shock and therefore the patient continued on colistin the following day. The patient tolerated colistin for the next 3 days before developing another similar, but more severe, reaction. Colistin was discontinued and the symptoms resolved following supportive therapy.

Conclusion:

This case highlights the importance of being aware of delayed serious reactions that may occur several weeks after initiation of drug therapy. In addition, successful re-initiation may not necessarily rule out the recurrence of such reactions and therefore close monitoring is crucial.
Investment sensitivity to market uncertainty in the travel and tourism sector
Authors: Valadkhani Abbas
Published: January 2023

Raising capital is critical for the future expansion of travel and tourism businesses which have been adversely impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. Investors sold their travel and tourism stocks below true value due to falling earnings during the pandemic. This study compares the sensitivity of stocks in different sectors to uncertainty when they are aggregated into different exchange-traded funds (ETFs). This reduces the extent of firm-specific peculiarities arising from market overreactions to news, mergers and acquisitions through time. Although previous studies have highlighted the effect of uncertainty on the financial decisions of travel and tourism firms, this study identifies a ‘fear-triggering point’ in the VIX index above which travel and tourism ETFs enter the state of uncertainty. This study has thus important implications for raising capital and financing tourism businesses in the US equity market, particularly during heightened uncertainty.
Children with autism exhibit similar longitudinal changes in core symptoms when placed in special or mainstream education settings
Authors: Ilan Michal , Faroy Michal , Zachor Ditza , Manelis Liora , Waissengreen Danel , Michaelovski Analya , Avni Inbar , Menashe Idan , Koller Judah , Dinstein Ilan , Meiri Gal
Published: January 2023

Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are often placed in inclusive mainstream education (ME) or exclusive special education (SE) settings. While ME settings usually offer less-intensive and structured intervention programs than SE settings, they offer more exposure to typically developing peers. A total of 121 children (2–5 years old) with ASD, 85 in SE and 36 in ME, completed two Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule, 2nd edition (ADOS-2) assessments. Repeated-measures analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) analyses were used to assess longitudinal changes in ADOS-2 calibrated severity scores (CSS) and language production (estimated from the ADOS-2), while accounting for baseline cognitive scores, age of diagnosis, and parent-reported intensity of intervention. Longitudinal changes in ADOS CSS did not differ significantly across educational settings but were strongly associated with the age of diagnosis, demonstrating that children diagnosed earlier improved more regardless of educational settings. These findings suggest that children with ASD placed in SE and ME exhibit similar longitudinal changes in core ASD symptoms. Further studies comparing additional outcome measures such as cognitive abilities and adaptive behaviors are highly warranted for establishing placement recommendations and public health policies.

Lay abstract

Today, children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are placed in mainstream or special education settings somewhat arbitrarily with no clear clinical recommendations. Here, we compared changes in core ASD symptoms, as measured by the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule, 2nd edition (ADOS-2) clinical assessment, across ASD preschool children placed in special or mainstream education. Longitudinal changes in ADOS-2 scores did not differ significantly across settings over a 1- to 2-year period. While some children improved in core ASD symptoms, others deteriorated in both settings. This highlights the need to identify specific criteria for establishing meaningful placement recommendations.
Autism research capacity building in Northern Mexico: Preliminary evaluation of an ongoing process
Authors: Perez Liz Georgina , Vela Guillermo , Vela Arturo , Maldonado Coronado Juan R , Sanchez Lizardi Patricia , Robins Diana L
Published: January 2023

Research capacity building is a process by which individuals and organizations develop skills and infrastructure resulting in greater ability to conduct useful research. Frequently, research quality and productivity measures focus on outcomes, such as peer-reviewed publications or grants awarded. Such distal measures are not informative when measuring initial stages of research, a common situation in low- and middle-income countries. This study used Cooke’s six-principle framework to assess the progress of an autism research collaborative in northern Mexico. We established 64 criteria across the six principles and rated them as Not Started, In Progress, or Achieved, based on narratives and process documentation collected for this purpose. Ratings were established for the years 2018, 2020, and 2022, which correspond to Years 5, 7, and 9 since the beginning of the collaborative, respectively. As of 2022, Principles 2 and 3 (“Close to practice” and “Linkages, collaborations, and partnerships,” respectively) had all begun; no criteria were rated as Not started. The principles with the highest Achieved rates were “Linkages, collaborations, and partnerships” (90%), and “Infrastructure” (Principle 6, 70%). Cooke’s research capacity building framework is a useful way to monitor progress of research capacity building and contribute to harmonious development of relevant principles at different levels.

Lay abstract

To inform improvement of care and public policy, quality research is required. Conducting research projects requires skills and infrastructure. Research capacity building is the process by which individuals and organizations develop greater ability to conduct useful research. However, in the scientific community, research quality and productivity measures are often focused on long-term products, such as publications or grants awarded. Those measures are not helpful when measuring initial stages of research, a common situation in low- and middle-income countries. We used a six-principle framework designed by J. Cooke to assess the progress of an autism research collaborative in northern Mexico. We established 64 criteria across the six principles, and rated them as Not Started, In Progress, or Achieved, based on narratives and process documentation collected for this purpose. Ratings were established for the Years 2018, 2020, and 2022. The principles with the highest Achieved rates were “Linkages, collaborations, and partnerships” (90%), and “Infrastructure” (Principle 6, 70%). Cooke’s research capacity building framework is a useful way to monitor progress of research capacity building and contribute to harmonious development of relevant principles at different levels.
Carers’ experiences of caring for a friend or family member with dementia during the Covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Herron Daniel L. , Runacres Jessica , Danton Ian , Beardmore Jack
Published: January 2023

Objectives

This study aimed to explore carers’ experiences of supporting a family member or friend with dementia through COVID-19 and experiences of hope and resilience during this time.

Methods

Qualitative longitudinal research was undertaken in the UK, with 13 unpaid carers of people living with dementia who took part in two semi-structured interviews 8 weeks apart between June and October 2020. All transcripts were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis.

Findings

Four themes were developed and included: COVID-19 impacted negatively upon everyday living; carer resilience: adapting to COVID-19; analysis of risk: safeguarding the person living with dementia; and thinking about the future with COVID-19.

Conclusions

The results illustrated how the sudden changes which occurred during the pandemic negatively impacted on carers and people living with dementia in several ways, including additional responsibilities and taking away hope. The importance of continued formal and informal support for carers and people living with dementia during COVID-19 were highlighted. Formal services, care homes, and organisations need to be supported to implement procedures to ensure a safe environment during future lockdowns or periods of social restrictions. This will enable carers to remain visiting their family members and increase their confidence in accessing services and allowing paid carers to support their family member with dementia. These results have also illustrated the resilience of carers, who adapted to sudden changes which impacted negatively on their wellbeing and the wellbeing of the person living with dementia.
Kochi: provincialising postcolonial metro-cosmopolitan spatialities
Authors: Alias Jintu , Wadhwa Soni
Published: January 2023

There is much to learn about how some locales come to be deemed as more cosmopolitan than others. Mumbai is hailed as a cosmopolitan city and even a model for India. With an increasing sense of disappointment about the decline of cosmopolitanism in such metropolitan cities, there is a need to look at what other locales can offer as alternative models of cosmopolitanism. This article addresses Kochi as a locale that is nuanced with precolonial practices of cosmopolitanism. This move towards provincialising cosmopolitanism – in the sense of moving away from metropolitan locales to highlight deeper, more historical and local ways of being cosmopolitan – is informed by the growing emphasis on the need to explore subaltern or vernacular cosmopolitanism.
A computation effective singularity avoidance method for the underwater manipulator with a non-spherical wrist
Authors: Yu Tiantian , Gao Lifu , Wang Daqing , Guo Weibin , Zhang Yue
Published: January 2023

In order to perform increasingly complex underwater tasks, we have designed a hydraulic underwater non-spherical wrist manipulator with a binocular vision system and a six-dimensional force sensor mounted behind the end-effector, which can improve the path accuracy and automation capabilities of the system. The system lays a foundation for the high precision and autonomous deep-sea operation and can improve its intelligence level. In this paper, we focus on solving the singularity avoidance problem of the hydraulic underwater manipulator for accurate control, and propose a computationally efficient singularity avoidance method to improve the path accuracy of the manipulator with the non-spherical wrist. Firstly, the singular configurations of the manipulator are analyzed. Secondly, the Jacobian is decomposed into sub-block matrices to obtain the singular factors according to the singular configurations. Thirdly, the singularities are avoided by the approximate damped reciprocal method. Theoretical analysis shows that the computation costs of the proposed method are only one-third to one-half of that of the traditional methods. The simulation results prove that the proposed method can largely improve the path accuracy of the manipulator with less computation costs, which shows that our method would have a certain significance in improving the precision and real-time response of deep-sea operations.
A novel index for vibration-based damage detection technique in laminated composite plates under forced vibrations: experimental study
Authors: Brethee Khaldoon F. , Uwayed Ahmed N. , Alden Qwam Arz Y.
Published: January 2023

In this study, vibration modal analysis has been used to experimentally investigate the detection of fiber breakage (FB) and delamination in laminated composite plates. The modal analysis was performed on two arrangement styles of carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) laminated plates under forced vibrations. The main contribution in this study is that a new index named Improved Curvature Damage Factor (ICDF) was introduced to detect and localize damages in composite structures. It is a developed version of an earlier index based on the change in mode shape curvature (MSC) of dynamic response. To include the effect of more than one mode shape Cumulative Improved Damage Factor (CICDF) was proposed. The ICDF index was validated with a number of earlier studies that investigated the damage detection in different structures in order to approve the efficiency of this index. A scanning laser vibrometer was also used to experimentally examine the modal-based and forced responses for intact and damaged plates. Various experimental tests were used to verify the advantages of the proposed methodology and its use in structural health monitoring. In addition, the analysis of experimental results showed that the mutation caused by FB is almost double that of the value of delamination peaking.
Examining female visual privacy as a function of window treatments
Authors: Elgadra I , Fotios S
Published: January 2023

Cultural factors in Libya (and other Muslim countries) require female privacy to be maintained. Outside the home, females must wear clothing that reveals only the face and hands. When inside the home and located near windows, a similar degree of clothing cover or window treatment is required. This reduces exposure to natural daylight, with resultant reduction in health benefits of daylight. We are therefore investigating the degree to which window treatments offer sufficient privacy to permit relaxed clothing in the home. Two window treatments were tested: horizontal blinds and frosted glass, varying the free area and degree of frosting, respectively. The degree of privacy offered was operationalised by identification of the clothing level worn by a target behind the window treatment, the aim being to reduce identification to a chance level. For 0.3 s observations, only the extreme level of each treatment (horizontal blinds set to 3% free area and distortion level 20 for the frosted glass) led to chance levels of clothing identification, for both actors. For 3.0 s observations, there were significant differences in clothing identification, suggesting insufficient privacy.
Interrater Reliability of the FOCUS-34: Parent-to-Parent and Parent-to-Clinician
Authors: Cunningham Barbara Jane , Rosenbaum Peter , Nepotiuk Anastasia , Thomas-Stonell Nancy
Published: January 2023

This brief report presents interrater reliability data for the Focus on the Outcomes of Communication Under Six (FOCUS-34) between parents, and between parents and speech-language pathologists (SLPs). Reliability for all three raters combined was good to excellent across three assessments. Reliability for pairs of raters was variable but generally good.
Management of the False Lumen in Post Type A Aortic Dissection Arch Aneurysms Treated With Branched Endografts
Authors: Mougin J. , Schwein A. , Postiglione T. J. , Guihaire J. , Fabre D. , Haulon S.
Published: January 2023

Introduction:

The treatment of chronic postdissection aneurysms of the aortic arch is a challenge. This study aims to describe false lumen management after aortic arch endovascular repair of post-type A dissection aneurysms treated with a branched endograft.

Methods:

In this single-center retrospective observational study, all consecutive patients undergoing endovascular treatment of aneurysmal degeneration of chronic type A aortic dissections following open repair were enrolled. The primary endpoint was maximal aortic diameter evolution measured on computed tomography angiography (CTA) performed during follow-up. Secondary endpoints included procedural success, aortic re intervention, and remodeling during follow-up.

Results:

Between January 2017 and June 2020, 22 patients underwent endovascular branched arch repair for post type A dissection aneurysms. Technical success was 100%. Thirteen patients (59%) had dissection involvement of at least 1 supra-aortic vessel. Midterm follow-up CTA was performed for 20 patients, 23.1 (±13.3) months after the procedure. Maximal aortic diameter at the level of the repair was decreasing in 13 (65%) patients, increasing in 2 (10%) patients, and no change was observed in 5 (25%) patients. During follow-up, 7 patients (35%) required aortic reintervention. Thoracic candy plugs were implanted for distal false lumen occlusion in 15 patients and associated with a high rate of complete remodeling (6/15 patients, 40%).

Conclusion:

Arch branch endografting of aneurysmal evolution of a post type A dissection aortic arch is a safe and feasible option in experienced hands. Candy plug use in favorable anatomies seems to be associated with accelerated remodeling of the aorta.

Clinical Impact

There are currently no recommendations on dissected supra- aortic vessels management and the use of thoracic aorta false lumen occlusion devices during endovascular repair of chronic post dissection aneurysm of the aortic arch with branched endografts. Based on our clinical experience reported in the current manuscript, we propose a treatment algorithm for the management of the false lumen in this setting.
COVID-19 Pandemic Psychological Distress, Multi-Dimensional Social Support, and Mental Health Symptoms Among Hispanic Undergraduates
Authors: Serpas Dylan G. , Ignacio Daniel A.
Published: January 2023

This study examined the association between COVID-19 psychological distress and mental health symptoms as moderated by social support among 107 Hispanic undergraduates at a large public Hispanic-Serving Institution in Southern California. Results indicated pandemic distress was positively, and social support was negatively, associated with mental health symptoms; social support did not moderate this relationship. Findings signal the need to identify protective factors that buffer mental health symptoms among Hispanic undergraduates during global crises.
Development and assessment of a resilient telecoms system
Authors: Gallarno George , Muniz Jeremy , Parnell Gregory S , Pohl Edward A , Wu Jingxian
Published: January 2023

Emergency telecommunication infrastructure is essential for residents and emergency responders during natural disasters to coordinate life-saving and life-preserving efforts. Ensuring resilience of the emergency telecommunication infrastructure is of critical importance for regions with an increased likelihood of natural disasters. We developed an integrated modeling framework for assessing emergency telecommunication systems. The framework used performance models to assess coverage and surge capabilities for a given system architecture. The performance models assess the telecom system value using a multiple objective decision analysis value model with stake-holder and technology performance measures. After constructing a life cycle cost model for emergency telecommunication systems, we conducted an illustrative value versus cost trade-off analysis using three alternative decision frames. The decision analysis framework allows for exploration of the system design tradespace so that decision-makers can select the best emergency telecom architecture using a defensible and transparent, performance-driven methodology.
Geek Cuisine: Extending the Narrative of a Junk Food Gamer
Authors: Joelsson Tapani N. , Syrjälä Henna , Luomala Harri , Mäkilä Tuomas
Published: January 2023

In this article, we argue that the pervading hegemonic narrative on gamers’ eating culture emphasizing hedonistic and fast foods is a one-sided storyline that highlights a potentially harmful gamer stereotype. To that end, we reveal the variety of gamers’ food consumption and broaden the narrative depicting the relationship between gamers and eating. Our literature review shows the dominance of the Junk Food Gamer narrative in extant research. However, by using a social constructionist narrative approach to analyze ethnographic observations and interviews, we show the emergence of an alternative, yet interrelated narrative: the Home Food Gamer. In addition, we utilize the idea of the Rubik's Cube to illustrate the actualization of multifaceted and contextually-bound gamer narratives that enable expanding the prevailing understanding of geek cuisine by shedding light on the variety of gamers’ food consumption. In this way, we participate in the ongoing discussion to unravel stereotypical assumptions about gamer culture.
Evaluation model of fabric transient cooling sensation based on multiple stepwise regression analysis
Authors: Li Xuemei , Wang Shanghui , Li Yanqing , Jin Xiaoke , Ma Leilei , Tian Wei , Zhu Chengyan
Published: January 2023

In this paper, according to the one-dimensional heat transfer mechanism between fabric and human body, it is found that different thermal properties affect different heat transfer stages of fabric. Therefore, we used the maximum heat flux qmax as the index to characterize the transient contact cool feeling of fabrics, and measured the thermal properties, various specifications and surface morphology of 40 kinds of summer fabrics. Firstly, we discussed the influence of the above properties on the transient cool feeling. Secondly, according to multivariate stepwise regression, the significant representative variables are selected, and the prediction model of transient coolness and fabric properties is established. Furthermore, the model was verified to explore the subjective and objective consistency. The results show that, in the transient heat transfer stage, the influencing factors that are significantly related to the cool feeling of fabric include fabric thickness, grammage, volumetric heat capacity, thermal conductivity, warp and weft density, and roughness. The main component representative variables of the cooling sensation regression equation are volumetric heat capacity and thickness, and other variables can be explained by these two variables. Changing them is the key to enhance the cooling sensation. The predicted value of coolness is in good agreement with the subjective evaluation of cooling sensation, which has a certain guiding effect on the actual human cool feeling. The purpose of this study is to find out the main factors that affect the cool feeling, and then apply the established cool feeling model to the development of fabrics in summer, so as to meet the thermal comfort requirements of human body’s fabrics.
Path following control for 4WID-EV based on extended state observer and sliding mode control considering yaw stability
Authors: Wang Chenning , He Ren , Xia Qiangsheng
Published: January 2023

Automatic driving technology has developed over time and the path-following problem for four-wheel independent drive electric autonomous vehicles (4WID-EV) is a topic of increasing interest. During the path-following process, a consideration of uncertainties in vehicle modeling including parameter variation, modeling error, and external disturbances is made, which have an important effect on path-tracking performance. As so, we proposed a new path following control strategy that can be applied to robotics applications. First, it was determined to establish a 2 DOF dynamic model and path following error model, and were then converted to yaw angle tracking problems. Therefore, the desired control input of steering angle was obtained via yaw angle tracking controller. To estimate and compensate the uncertainties associated with systems, the nonlinear extended state observer (NESO) was designed while the NTSM controller was used to realize yaw angle tracking. Next, considering the system stability, a sliding mode controller with modified reaching law was used to obtain the desired additional yaw moment. Then, the optimized torque distributor was designed for allocating optimal tire forces. Finally, the simulation experiments were carried out in Matlab/Simulink and Carsim joint simulation platform. In conclusion, the proposed control scheme exhibits highly accurate path following as well as strong robustness to speed, tire-road friction coefficient and external disturbance.
Research on noise control of automobile exhaust system under idling condition based on modal analysis
Authors: Xiao Shenghao , Cheng Si
Published: January 2023

Correlational studies of vibration characteristics theory of exhaust system, optimization design of idling vibration control and the noise test analysis were conducted to solve the problems of body vibration and exhaust noise under idling condition. Firstly, the analysis of vibration mode, dynamic response and vibration transfer of exhaust system were carried out by using the simulation analysis, and the location of the exhaust system hangers were verified. Furthermore, the structure optimization schemes of exhaust system were proposed for exhaust noise reduction under idling condition based on control of local stiffness optimization, constraint location optimization and system global stiffness optimization. Finally, the interior and exhaust noise and system vibration of optimization schemes were tested under idling condition, and the exhaust noise was verified under rapid acceleration condition respectively. Meanwhile, the vibration response of exhaust system was analyzed. Results showed that the optimization schemes had better noise attenuation effect than the original scheme under idling and rapid acceleration conditions, indicating that it was necessary not only to effectively avoid the idling frequency interval of engine, but also to improve the structural stiffness and the vibration of local structure according to the vibration mode, and minimize the modification of the internal structure of the exhaust system.
Maternal depression and child feeding practices: Determinants to malnutrition among young children in Malaysian rural area
Authors: Chee Din Maizatul Azlina , Mohd Fahmi Teng Nur Islami , Abdul Manaf Zahara
Published: January 2023

Background:

Maternal depression may affect child feeding practices and growth.

Objective:

The objective of this study is to determine the relationship between child feeding practices and current maternal depression with malnutrition among young children in a rural community.

Methods:

This is a case–control study consisting of 52 Malay mothers of malnourished children (case) and 50 Malay mothers of well-nourished children (control) in Kuala Langat, Selangor, Malaysia. Structured questionnaires on child feeding practices and Beck Depression Inventory: Second Edition questionnaire were distributed to mothers.

Results:

Depressed mothers stopped exclusive breastfeeding (2.8 ± 2.1 months) earlier than non-depressed mothers (3.7 ± 2.0 months; p = 0.045). Binary logistic regression analysis showed current maternal depression was a primary contributor associated with risk of malnutrition in children (adjusted odds ratio: 2.5, 95% confidence interval: 1.08–6.09), and followed by the number of children (adjusted odds ratio: 1.3, 95% confidence interval: 1.02–1.77).

Conclusion:

Mothers who experienced depression were twice as likely to have malnourished children. Each additional child in the family will increase the risk of malnutrition by 1.3 times. Maternal depression is associated with child feeding practices and malnutrition among young children in the studied population. Preliminary screening to identify depression symptoms should be conducted to all mothers as early as the first trimester to prevent the incidence of malnutrition in children.
A data-driven predictive maintenance model to estimate RUL in a multi-rotor UAS
Authors: Ozkat Erkan Caner , Bektas Oguz , Nielsen Michael Juul , la Cour-Harbo Anders
Published: January 2023

Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) has become widespread over the last decade in various commercial or personal applications such as entertainment, transportation, search and rescue. However, this emerging growth has led to new challenges mainly associated with unintentional incidents or accidents that can cause serious damage to civilians or disrupt manned aerial activities. Machine failure makes up almost 50% of the cause of accidents, with almost 40% of the failures caused in the propulsion systems. To prevent accidents related to mechanical failure, it is important to accurately estimate the Remaining Useful Life (RUL) of a UAS. This paper proposes a new method to estimate RUL using vibration data collected from a multi-rotor UAS. A novel feature called mean peak frequency, which is the average of peak frequencies obtained at each time instance, is proposed to assess degradation. The Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) is employed to forecast the subsequent 5 mean peak frequency values using the last 7 computed values as input. If one of the estimated values exceeds the predefined 50 Hz threshold, the time from the estimation until the threshold is exceeded is calculated as the RUL. The estimated mean peak frequency values are compared with the actual values to analyze the success of the estimation. For the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd replications, RUL results are 4 s, 10 s, and 10 s, and root mean square error (RMSE) values are 3.7142 Hz, 1.4831 Hz, and 1.3455 Hz, respectively.
Estimation of a Machine Learning-Based Decision Rule to Reduce Hypoglycemia Among Older Adults With Type 1 Diabetes: A Post Hoc Analysis of Continuous Glucose Monitoring in the WISDM Study
Authors: Kahkoska Anna R. , Shah Kushal S. , Kosorok Michael R. , Miller Kellee M. , Rickels Michael , Weinstock Ruth S. , Young Laura A. , Pratley Richard E.
Published: January 2023

Background:

The Wireless Innovation for Seniors with Diabetes Mellitus (WISDM) study demonstrated continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) reduced hypoglycemia over 6 months among older adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D) compared with blood glucose monitoring (BGM). We explored heterogeneous treatment effects of CGM on hypoglycemia by formulating a data-driven decision rule that selects an intervention (ie, CGM vs BGM) to minimize percentage of time <70 mg/dL for each individual WISDM participant.

Method:

The precision medicine analyses used data from participants with complete data (n = 194 older adults, including those who received CGM [n = 100] and BGM [n = 94] in the trial). Policy tree and decision list algorithms were fit with 14 baseline demographic, clinical, and laboratory measures. The primary outcome was CGM-measured percentage of time spent in hypoglycemic range (<70 mg/dL), and the decision rule assigned participants to a subgroup reflecting the treatment estimated to minimize this outcome across all follow-up visits.

Results:

The optimal decision rule was found to be a decision list with 3 steps. The first step moved WISDM participants with baseline time-below range >1.35% and no detectable C-peptide levels to the CGM subgroup (n = 139), and the second step moved WISDM participants with a baseline time-below range of >6.45% to the CGM subgroup (n = 18). The remaining participants (n = 37) were left in the BGM subgroup. Compared with the BGM subgroup (n = 37; 19%), the group for whom CGM minimized hypoglycemia (n = 157; 81%) had more baseline hypoglycemia, a lower proportion of detectable C-peptide, higher glycemic variability, longer disease duration, and higher proportion of insulin pump use.

Conclusions:

The decision rule underscores the benefits of CGM for older adults to reduce hypoglycemia. Diagnostic CGM and laboratory markers may inform decision-making surrounding therapeutic CGM and identify older adults for whom CGM may be a critical intervention to reduce hypoglycemia.
Piperlongosides A–C, Three New Phenolic Constituents From Piper longum L.
Authors: Huyen Le Thi , Thu Hau Nguyen Thi , Kiem Phan Van
Published: January 2023

Phytochemical study on the methanolic extract of the aerial parts of this plant led to the isolation of 7 phenolic compounds (1-7), including 3 new ones (1-3). Their chemical structures were determined to be (7,8- threo)-1 -O-β-D-[6′ -O-syringoylglucopyranosyl]-2-methoxy-7,8,9-trihydroxyphenylpropane (1), (7,8- threo)-8 -O-(2′′-methoxyacetophenone-1′′-yl)-1 -O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-2-methoxy-7,9-dihydroxyphenylpropane (2), 1 -O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-2 -O-(2′′-methoxy-4′′-acetylphenyl)-3-hydroxypropane (3), (−)-isolariciresinol 4 -O-β-D-glucopyranoside (4), (−)-isolarisiresinol 9′ -O-β-D-glucopyranoside (5), (+ )-lyoniresinol 9′ -O-β-D-glucopyranoside (6), (+ )-isolarisiresinol 9′ -O-β-D-glucopyranoside (7) by the spectroscopic data and in comparison with those reported in the literature. Compounds 3 to 7 significantly inhibited NO production in LPS-activated RAW264.7 cells with IC50 values ranging from 32.09 ± 3.34 to 38.16 ± 1.35 µM, similar to those of the positive control, NG-monomethyl-L-arginine acetate (IC50 32.51 ± 3.70 µM).
Pain Intensity and Trajectory Following Intra-Articular Injection of Mono-Iodoacetate in Experimental Osteoarthritis: A Meta-Analysis of In Vivo Studies
Authors: Jin Hongyu , Yang Yuanheng , Lei Guanghua , Zeng Chao , He Ke , Wang Yilun , Deng Caifeng , Wei Jie , Li Xiaoxiao , Li Hui
Published: January 2023

Objective

Although most frequently used in experimental osteoarthritis (OA) pain induction, intra-articular mono-iodoacetate (MIA) injection lacks concluded references for dose selection and timing of intervention. Herein, we aimed to compare the pain intensity of rats induced by different doses of MIA and explored the trajectory of pain.

Design

PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science were searched up to June 2021 for literatures involving MIA experiments investigating OA pain. Pain intensity was measured based on weightbearing distribution (WBD) and paw withdrawal thresholds (PWT), and the pain trajectory was constructed by evaluating pain intensity at a series of time points after MIA injection. A conventional meta-analysis was conducted.

Results

A total of 140 studies were included. Compared with saline, MIA injections caused significantly higher pain intensity for WBD and PWT. Dose-response relationships between different doses of MIA and pain intensity were observed ( P-for-trend<0.05). A pronounced increase in pain occurred from day 0 to day 7, but the uptrend ceased between day 7 and day 14, after which the pain intensity continued to rise and reached the maximum by day 28.

Conclusions

Pain intensity after intra-articular MIA injection increased in a dose-dependent manner and the pain trajectory manifested a specific pattern consistent with the pathological mechanisms of MIA-induced pain, providing possible clues for proper dose selection and timing of specific OA pain interventions.