bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Complement Activation via a C3a Receptor Pathway Alters CD4+ T Lymphocytes and Mediates Lung Cancer Progression
Authors: Kwak Jeff W. , Laskowski Jennifer , Li Howard Y. , McSharry Maria V. , Sippel Trisha R. , Bullock Bonnie L. , Johnson Amber M. , Poczobutt Joanna M. , Neuwelt Alexander J. , Malkoski Stephen P. , Weiser-Evans Mary C. , Lambris John D. , Clambey Eric T. , Thurman Joshua M. , Nemenoff Raphael A.
Published: November 2017

The complement cascade is a part of the innate immune system that acts primarily to remove pathogens and injured cells. However, complement activation is also peculiarly associated with tumor progression. Here we report mechanistic insights into this association in multiple immunocompetent orthotopic models of lung cancer. After tumor engraftment, we observed systemic activation of the complement cascade as reflected by elevated levels of the key regulator C3a. Notably, growth of primary tumors and metastases was both strongly inhibited in C3-deficient mice (C3−/− mice), with tumors undetectable in many subjects. Growth inhibition was associated with increased numbers of IFNγ+/TNFα+/IL10+ CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Immunodepletion of CD4+ but not CD8+ T cells in tumor-bearing subjects reversed the inhibitory effects of C3 deletion. Similarly, antagonists of the C3a or C5a receptors inhibited tumor growth. Investigations using multiple tumor cell lines in the orthotopic model suggested the involvement of a C3/C3 receptor autocrine signaling loop in regulating tumor growth. Overall, our findings offer functional evidence that complement activation serves as a critical immunomodulator in lung cancer progression, acting to drive immune escape via a C3/C5–dependent pathway.

Significance: This provocative study suggests that inhibiting complement activation may heighten immunotherapeutic responses in lung cancer, offering findings with immediate implications, given the existing clinical availability of complement antagonists. Cancer Res; 78(1); 143–56. ©2017 AACR.
Oncolytic Virotherapy Blockade by Microglia and Macrophages Requires STAT1/3
Authors: Delwar Zahid M. , Kuo Yvonne , Wen Yan H. , Rennie Paul S. , Jia William
Published: November 2017

The first oncolytic virotherapy employing HSV-1 (oHSV-1) was approved recently by the FDA to treat cancer, but further improvements in efficacy are needed to eradicate challenging refractory tumors, such as glioblastomas (GBM). Microglia/macrophages comprising approximately 40% of a GBM tumor may limit virotherapeutic efficacy. Here, we show these cells suppress oHSV-1 growth in gliomas by internalizing the virus through phagocytosis. Internalized virus remained capable of expressing reporter genes while viral replication was blocked. Macrophage/microglia formed a nonpermissive OV barrier, preventing dissemination of oHSV-1 in the glioma mass. The deficiency in viral replication in microglial cells was associated with silencing of particular viral genes. Phosphorylation of STAT1/3 was determined to be responsible for suppressing oHSV-1 replication in macrophages/microglia. Treatment with the oxindole/imidazole derivative C16 rescued oHSV-1 replication in microglia/macrophages by inhibiting STAT1/3 activity. In the U87 xenograft model of GBM, C16 treatment overcame the microglia/macrophage barrier, thereby facilitating tumor regression without causing a spread of the virus to normal organs. Collectively, our results suggest a strategy to relieve a STAT1/3-dependent therapeutic barrier and enhance oHSV-1 oncolytic activity in GBM.

Significance: These findings suggest a strategy to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of oncolytic virotherapy in glioblastoma. Cancer Res; 78(3); 718–30. ©2017 AACR.
Muscadine Grape Skin Extract (MPX) in Men with Biochemically Recurrent Prostate Cancer: A Randomized, Multicenter, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Paller Channing J. , Zhou Xian C. , Heath Elisabeth I. , Taplin Mary-Ellen , Mayer Tina , Stein Mark N. , Bubley Glenn J. , Pili Roberto , Hudson Tamaro , Kakarla Radhika , Abbas Muneer M. , Anders Nicole M. , Dowling Donna , King Serina , Bruns Ashley B. , Wagner William D. , Drake Charles G. , Antonarakis Emmanuel S. , Eisenberger Mario A. , Denmeade Samuel R. , Rudek Michelle A. , Rosner Gary L. , Carducci Michael A.
Published: November 2017

Purpose: MuscadinePlus (MPX), a commercial preparation of pulverized muscadine grape skin, was evaluated as a therapeutic option for men with biochemically recurrent (BCR) prostate cancer wishing to defer androgen deprivation therapy.

Experimental Design: This was a 12-month, multicenter, placebo-controlled, two-dose, double-blinded trial of MPX in 125 men with BCR prostate cancer, powered to detect a PSA doubling time (PSADT) difference of 6 months (low dose) and 12 months (high dose) relative to placebo. Participants were stratified (baseline PSADT, Gleason score) and randomly assigned 1:2:2 to receive placebo, 500 mg MPX (low), or 4,000 mg MPX (high) daily. Correlates included superoxide dismutase-2 (SOD2) genotype, lipid peroxidation, and polyphenol pharmacokinetics.

Results: The evaluable population included 112 patients, all treated for at least 6 months and 62% treated for 12 months. No significant difference was found in PSADT change between control and treatment arms (P = 0.81): control 0.9 months (n = 20; range, 6.7–83.1), low dose 1.5 months (n = 52; range, 10.3–87.2), high dose 0.9 months (n = 40; range, 27.3–88.1). One high-dose patient experienced objective response. No drug-related CTCAE grade 3–4 adverse events were seen. In a preplanned exploratory analysis, PSADT pre-to-post increase was significant in the 27 (26%) genotyped patients with SOD2 Alanine/Alanine genotype (rs4880 T>C polymorphism) on MPX (pooled treatment arms; 6.4 months, P = 0.02), but not in control (1.8 months, P = 0.25).

Conclusions: Compared with placebo, MPX did not significantly prolong PSADT in BCR patients over two different doses. Exploratory analysis revealed a patient population with potential benefit that would require further study. Clin Cancer Res; 24(2); 306–15. ©2017 AACR.
Chemoprevention with Cyclooxygenase and Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Inhibitors in Familial Adenomatous Polyposis Patients: mRNA Signatures of Duodenal Neoplasia
Authors: Delker Don A. , Wood Austin C. , Snow Angela K. , Samadder N. Jewel , Samowitz Wade S. , Affolter Kajsa E. , Boucher Kenneth M. , Pappas Lisa M. , Stijleman Inge J. , Kanth Priyanka , Byrne Kathryn R. , Burt Randall W. , Bernard Philip S. , Neklason Deborah W.
Published: November 2017

To identify gene expression biomarkers and pathways targeted by sulindac and erlotinib given in a chemoprevention trial with a significant decrease in duodenal polyp burden at 6 months (P < 0.001) in familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) patients, we biopsied normal and polyp duodenal tissues from patients on drug versus placebo and analyzed the RNA expression. RNA sequencing was performed on biopsies from the duodenum of FAP patients obtained at baseline and 6-month endpoint endoscopy. Ten FAP patients on placebo and 10 on sulindac and erlotinib were selected for analysis. Purity of biopsied polyp tissue was calculated from RNA expression data. RNAs differentially expressed between endpoint polyp and paired baseline normal were determined for each group and mapped to biological pathways. Key genes in candidate pathways were further validated by quantitative RT-PCR. RNA expression analyses of endpoint polyp compared with paired baseline normal for patients on placebo and drug show that pathways activated in polyp growth and proliferation are blocked by this drug combination. Directly comparing polyp gene expression between patients on drug and placebo also identified innate immune response genes (IL12 and IFNγ) preferentially expressed in patients on drug. Gene expression analyses from tissue obtained at endpoint of the trial demonstrated inhibition of the cancer pathways COX2/PGE2, EGFR, and WNT. These findings provide molecular evidence that the drug combination of sulindac and erlotinib reached the intended tissue and was on target for the predicted pathways. Furthermore, activation of innate immune pathways from patients on drug may have contributed to polyp regression. Cancer Prev Res; 11(1); 4–15. ©2017 AACR.

See related editorial by Shureiqi, p. 1
Skin Test Reactivity to Hymenoptera Venom after Venom Immunotherapy Correlates Inversely with the IgG/IgE Ratio
Authors: Saulite Ieva , Hoetzenecker Wolfram , Guenova Emmanuella , Schmid-Grendelmeier Peter , Glatz Martin
Published: November 2017

Background: Skin test reactivity to hymenoptera venom and venom-specific IgE are important for diagnosing venom allergy and deciding on the appropriate allergen for venom immunotherapy (VIT). Longitudinal data on skin test reactivity during VIT and their correlation with venom-specific immunoglobulin (Ig)E and IgG are scarce. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed shifts in skin test reactivity and serum levels of venom-specific IgE and IgG in patients allergic to hymenoptera venom before the initiation of VIT with ultrarush therapy and after ≥3 years of VIT. Results: Fifty-four patients received ultrarush desensitization and subsequent VIT with wasp venom, 26 with honeybee venom, and 8 with both wasp and honeybee venom. Hymenoptera-specific skin test reactivity decreased during VIT in most patients, and became negative in 8% of the wasp-allergic patients and in 25% of the honeybee-allergic patients. Serum levels of venom-specific IgE positively correlated to skin test reactivity before VIT, but did not change significantly during VIT. IgG serum levels and the IgG/IgE ratio increased during VIT in most patients. A high IgG/IgE ratio correlated with low skin test reactivity after ≥3 years of VIT. Conclusions: The correlation between a high venom-specific IgG/IgE ratio and low skin test reactivity after VIT may be interesting for future investigations that assess its role as a potential marker for VIT efficacy.
Early Neuroblastic and Astrocytic Differentiation Demonstrated Immunohistochemically in a Small Intraocular Medulloepithelioma
Authors: Jakobiec Frederick A. , Zakka Fouad R. , Papakostas Thanos , Mukai Shizuo
Published: November 2017

Purpose: To investigate the source of fibrous astrocytes and neuroblasts in a small ciliary body medulloepithelioma appearing as a leukocoria in a 3-week-old baby girl. Methods: Histopathologic and immunohistochemical studies included Alcian blue, periodic acid-Schiff, and antisera for the detection of S100 protein, CD99, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), CRX, NeuN, neurofilaments, synaptophysin, desmin, and myogenin. Results: A small, nonteratoid ciliary body medulloepithelioma with collections of Alcian blue+ mucoplysaccharides was present in the enucleated globe. The retinal mass displayed multilaminar dysplastic rosettes that were CRX+, NeuN-, and synaptophysin-. Intraretinal neurofilaments and scattered NeuN+ neurocytes were also identified. At the base of the retinal mass ribbons and pseudopapillae of CRX+, NeuN- medullary epithelium were found. The latter developed from an S100+ and weakly CD99+ monolayer of premedullary epithelium. GFAP+ fibrous astrocytes and NeuN- neuroblasts streamed from the medullary epithelium. Conclusions: A multilaminar medullary epithelium and a precursor monolayer of premedullary epithelium were both identified. Neuroblasts and fibrous astrocytes were determined to arise separately from the medullary epithelium. The early stage of tumorigenesis afforded by a small tumor provided the opportunity to discover morphologic and immunohistochemical evidence for these differentiations.
Peritoneal Seeding after Gastric Perforation during Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection for Gastric Cancer
Authors: Hirao Motohiro , Yamada Takuya , Michida Tomoki , Nishikawa Kazuhiro , Hamakawa Takuya , Mita Eiji , Mano Masayuki , Sekimoto Mitsugu
Published: November 2017

Background/Aims: Since the risk of cancer cells seeding the peritoneum after perforation during endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is unclear, we retrospectively examined peritoneal relapse after gastric perforation during ESD for gastric cancer at a single institution. Methods: Of 876 patients who underwent ESD for early gastric cancer between January 2002 and December 2015, 22 patients (2.5%) experienced gastric perforation during ESD at the Osaka National Hospital in Osaka, Japan. Clinical data from these 22 patients were reviewed for information on pathology, clinical course, and evidence of peritoneal dissemination. Results: Patients were followed for a median of 55 (range 2–108) months. Two patients had peritoneal seeding following perforation during ESD. Multivariate analysis to explore the influence of clinical factors on the peritoneal seeding revealed that an intra-abdominal fluid collection on the CT imaging just after ESD, tumor location at the upper lesion of stomach, and pathologically marginal invasion were independently associated with an incidence of peritoneal relapse. Conclusion: Although rare, we should recognize the possibility of cancer cells seeding the peritoneum after perforation during gastric ESD.
Atopie als Vorbote von Autoimmunerkrankungen - Nicht aus dem (zweiten) Blick verlieren
Authors: Brandt David
Published: November 2017

Hintergrund: Das Kawasaki-Syndrom (KS) ist eine akute, systemische Vaskulitis im Kindes- und Jugendalter, deren Ätiologie nicht vollständig verstanden ist. Man vermutet, dass die Entstehung des KS durch eine Immunreaktion vermittelt wird. Verschiedene Publikationen aus Ostasien berichten von einer erhöhten Prävalenz von atopischen Erkrankungen bei Patienten mit KS, doch groß angelegte Studien zu diesem Zusammenhang bei nicht-asiatischen Patientenpopulationen liegen bisher nicht vor. Das Ziel dieser Studie war es, einen Beitrag zur Schließung dieser Lücke zu leisten. Methoden: Wir führten eine große Querschnittstudie zur Einschätzung der Korrelation von KS und allergischen Erkrankungen durch. Dafür studierten wir die Patientenakten von 1 187 757 israelischen Teenagern (16-20 Jahre im Zeitraum 1998-2013). Die Studienpopulation wurde in 3 Gruppen aufgeteilt: je eine KS-Gruppe mit oder ohne Komplikationen in der Vorgeschichte sowie eine Kontrollgruppe. Darauf aufbauend wurde die Prävalenz von Allergien in diesen Gruppen untersucht. Ergebnisse: Die Prävalenz verschiedener atopischer Erkrankungen in den 3 Studiengruppen wurde präsentiert: Asthma bei 11,4, 8,1 bzw. 3,5%, Angioödem/Urtikaria bei 7,1, 0 bzw. 0,46% und allergische Rhinitis bei 20, 12,1 bzw. 6,7%. Bei unkompliziertem KS wurde ein statistisch signifikanter Zusammenhang mit Asthma (Odds Ratio (OR) 2,4; p = 0,048) und ein grenzwertig signifikanter Zusammenhang mit allergischer Rhinitis (OR 1,9; p = 0,048) festgestellt. Bei KS mit Herzerkrankung als Komplikation bestanden statistisch signifikante Zusammenhänge mit allen allergischen Erkrankungen; Asthma (OR 3,5; p = 0,003), allergische Rhinitis (OR 3,5; p < 0,001) und Angioödem/Urtikaria (OR 16,48; p < 0,001). Schlussfolgerung: KS ist mit allergischen Erkrankungen assoziiert. Die Stärke der Assoziation steigt mit der Schwere der Erkrankung.
Pre-End-Stage Renal Disease Hemoglobin Variability Predicts Post-End-Stage Renal Disease Mortality in Patients Transitioning to Dialysis
Authors: Sumida Keiichi , Diskin Charles Dyer , Molnar Miklos Z. , Potukuchi Praveen K. , Thomas Fridtjof , Lu Jun Ling , Rhee Connie M. , Streja Elani , Yamagata Kunihiro , Kalantar-Zadeh Kamyar , Kovesdy Csaba P.
Published: November 2017

Background: Hemoglobin variability (Hb-var) has been associated with increased mortality both in non-dialysis dependent chronic kidney disease (NDD-CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. However, the impact of Hb-var in advanced NDD-CKD on outcomes after dialysis initiation remains unknown. Methods: Among 11,872 US veterans with advanced NDD-CKD transitioning to dialysis between October 2007 through September 2011, we assessed Hb-var calculated from the residual SD of at least 3 Hb values during the last 6 months before dialysis initiation (prelude period) using within-subject linear regression models, and stratified into quartiles. Outcomes included post-transition all-cause, cardiovascular, and infection-related mortality, assessed in Cox proportional hazards models and adjusted for demographics, comorbidities, length of hospitalization, medications, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), type of vascular access, Hb parameters (baseline Hb [i.e., intercept] and change in Hb [i.e., slope]), and number of Hb measurements. Results: Higher prelude Hb-var was associated with use of iron and antiplatelet agents, tunneled dialysis catheter use, higher levels of baseline Hb, change in Hb, eGFR, and serum ferritin. After multivariable adjustment, higher prelude Hb-var was associated with higher post-ESRD all-cause and infection-related mortality, but not cardiovascular mortality (adjusted hazard ratios [95% CI] for the highest [vs. lowest] quartile of Hb-var, 1.10 [1.02–1.19], 1.28 [0.93–1.75], and 0.93 [0.79–1.10], respectively). Conclusions: High pre-ESRD Hb-var is associated with higher mortality, particularly from infectious causes rather than cardiovascular causes. Further research is required to clarify the underlying mechanisms and true causal nature of the observed association.
New Lights on the Anonymus Londiniensis Papyrus
Authors: Saumell Jordi Crespo
Published: November 2017

The Anonymus Londiniensis is a first-hand masterpiece in the History of Philosophy and Science. In this article my aim is to give an updated and critical account of the papyrus, and to expound the arguments which seem more appropriate to bolster the thesis that two works today lost served as the basis for the Londiniensis: a part of the second section of the Londiniensis papyrus would have been mainly shaped according to an Aristotelian text, whereas the third section of the papyrus would have relied on another different source.
Mapeamento e dicionário da literatura italiana traduzida: projeto integrado
Authors: Wataghin Lucia , Silva José Fernando Modesto da , Degani Francisco , Peterle Patricia , Santurbano Andrea , Gaspari Silvana De
Published: November 2017

Nosso objetivo é traçar a história da circulação da literatura italiana traduzida no Brasil no século XX e na primeira década do século XXI, apontando para obras, autores, momentos, episódios em seu contexto de partida, mas sobretudo de chegada: ou seja, em suas relações com o ambiente em que surgiram, mas sobretudo com o ambiente que os acolhe. Nosso ponto de partida é a ideia de que o meio privilegiado com que um país dá as boas-vindas a uma obra é a tradução. Refletir sobre as traduções em seu contexto de chegada significa também refletir sobre este mesmo contexto, isto é, sobre o sistema literário nacional. Entendemos que as literaturas traduzidas, concebidas como sistemas literários especiais dentro dos polissistemas constituídos pelas literaturas nacionais (conforme a definição de Even-Zohar), sofrem condicionamentos peculiares, de acordo com os diversos momentos atravessados pelos países que as recebem. Para a otimização do levantamento de dados, será dada continuidade ao Dicionário Bibliográfico da Literatura Italiana Traduzida, que já se encontra on-line: www.dlit.ufsc.br e www. usp.br/dlit. Nesta fase o projeto conta com a colaboração da equipe da área de Biblioteconomia ECA-USP, responsável pela revisão dos verbetes já publicados e pela formulação de novos critérios de catalogação dos títulos do dicionário. Nosso objetivo, após o levantamento dos títulos traduzidos e tendo formado um quadro da presença e da importância das várias editoras ativas no mercado da literatura italiana traduzida, será observar, na área da recepção brasileira da literatura italiana a partir de 1900, os movimentos das ideias e as transformações no ambiente de chegada.
"Quem conta um conto aumenta um ponto": Papini e as antologias
Authors: Silva Aline Fogaça dos Santos Reis e
Published: November 2017

O objetivo deste trabalho é refletir sobre a tradução e a recepção de alguns contos esparsos do escritor florentino Giovanni Papini nas seguintes antologias brasileiras: Obras-primas do conto moderno, Contos Italianos, Maravilhas do conto italiano, Maravilhas do conto fantástico, Maravilhas do conto bíblico e Contos e novelas de língua estrangeira.
O tema da razão em Horkheimer e Schopenhauer
Authors: Cacciola Maria Lúcia
Published: November 2017

Trata-se de buscar as afinidades entre o pensamento de Max Horkheimer e Arthur Schopenhauer, tendo como fio condutor o conceito de razão, tal como se apresenta em ambos. Neste percurso buscamos mostrar as diferenças de leitura da filosofia schopenhaueriana, sobretudo no que tange ao seu propalado conservadorismo, destacando a originalidade e perspicácia da leitura de Horkheimer, que deu origem a uma “esquerda schopenhaueriana”. O intuito é também o de repensar o sentido do conceito de sistematicidade racional e de sua crítica por Schopenhauer e Horkheimer.
Volonté générale e a autonomia da vontade. A presença de Rousseau na origem político-jurídica da filosofia moral de Kant
Authors: Trevisan Diego Kosbiau
Published: November 2017

O presente artigo explora a influência do pensamento político de Rousseau na formulação do conceito de autonomia da vontade na filosofia moral de Kant. Tomando como recorte cronológico a década de 1770 no desenvolvimento do pensamento kantiano, será argumentado que a noção de um princípio moral absolutamente vinculante toma como modelo – de origem jurídica e nítida matriz rousseauísta – uma comunidade de seres racionais regidos por leis autônomas que harmonizam a liberdade e o arbítrio de cada indivíduo envolvido.
The Yogācārabhūmi against Allodoxies (paravāda): 2 Ritual Violence
Authors: Eltschinger Vincent
Published: November 2017

The Yogācārabhūmi, a massive compilation of the early Yogācāra “school(s),” contains a comparatively short section dedicated to the critical examination of sixteen “allodoxies” (paravāda), mostly non-Buddhist doctrines, practices and institutions, some of which go back to the Brahmajāla- and Śrāmaṇyaphalasūtra of the Dīrghāgama. This section, which could be dated to the late 3rd century CE, is a remarkable milestone in the history of philosophy in the Buddhist environment, in that it summarizes and updates earlier, canonical arguments, adapting them to a new polemical context, and reveals Buddhist philosophy’s profound indebtedness to sūtra literature. The present paper analyzes allodoxy no. 8 (hiṃsādharmavāda), the brahmins’ claim that ritual violence is a religious duty and, as such, no violence at all. The Yogācārabhūmi’s arguments are among the most cogent and systematic Indian Buddhists ever directed against ritual violence.
Adler’s Defence of Prioritarianism
Authors: Brown Campbell
Published: November 2017

In his book Well-Being and Fair Distribution, Matthew Adler advances a sustained and comprehensive argument for a certain variety of prioritarianism. This essay provides a critical overview of the book. The main criticisms made are the following. First, the ‘intersection’ approach adopted by Adler, in order to allow incommensurability in well-being, may have problematic consequences. Second, that Adler’s preferred form of prioritarianism must be restricted to non-negative utilities may be a more serious limitation than he appreciates; and there may be preferable forms which avoid this restriction. Third, Adler’s case against the Ex Ante Pigou Dalton principle might be bolstered by re-evaluating the force of ex ante claims.
Evaluating proposals of language genealogical relationship
Authors: Brown Cecil H.
Published: November 2017

In an endeavor to objectify and provide uniformity to the comparative method of historical linguistics, this study describes the Beck-Wichmann-Brown (BWB) system for evaluating lexical sets assembled as evidence for proposals of language genealogical relationship. The approach quantitatively assesses the degree of support that collections of comparative sets provide for proposals, with regard to whether or not observed lexical similarity exceeds coincidental expectation. BWB is illustrated through application to an assemblage of 51 comparative sets compiled by Pache (2016) for the affiliation of Pumé and Chocoan languages of South America. This study presents and ranks BWB quantitative results for 65 language comparisons (of global distribution) and proposes a framework for interpreting ranked findings. Evaluations for the 65 comparisons are compared with those provided by three online classifications of the world’s languages.
A new species of Griffinia (Amaryllidaceae) from Espírito Santo state, Brazil, and reassessment of Griffinia concinna
Authors: CAMPOS-ROCHA ANTONIO , MEEROW ALAN WILLIAM , SEMIR JOÃO , DUTILH JULIE HENRIETTE ANTOINETTE
Published: November 2017

Griffinia capixabae, a new species of Amaryllidaceae restricted to the mountainous region of the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil, and classified as endangered, is described and illustrated herein. It is morphologically similar to G. intermedia, but can be distinguished by its completely free spathe bracts, smaller overall perigone length, longer hypanthium, the lack of spots on the center of the sepals and petals, and smaller seeds. The new species is illustrated with photographs and a drawing; geographical distribution, habitat, phenology and conservation status are discussed. The paper also reassesses G. concinna as a valid species name, with a more detailed description and distribution including new records for the state of Espírito Santo. An identification key for the species with larger flowers and leaves of the genus is provided.
Austrosciara Schmitz & Mjöberg, 1924, a senior synonym of Ctenosciara Tuomikoski, 1960 (Diptera: Sciaridae) and the description of a new brachypterous species in the genus
Authors: MOHRIG WERNER , KAUSCHKE ELLEN , HELLER KAI
Published: November 2017

Three species of wing-reduced Sciaridae, obtained from pitfall trap material collected from Nothofagus forests in Victoria, Australia, were examined. The females, which were all very similar, do not belong to any of the wing-reduced sciarid genera known to us so far. They instead appear to be females of the genus Austrosciara Schmitz & Mjöberg, 1924, according to the original description and illustration, and one of the species appears to be conspecific with Austrosciara termitophila Schmitz & Mjöberg. The shape of the male hypopygium, as well as the tibial organ of this species in both sexes show typical features of species previously classified as Ctenosciara Tuomikoski, 1960. The genus Ctenosciara Tuomikoski, 1960 n. syn. has therefore to be considered a junior synonym of Austrosciara Schmitz & Mjöberg. A further species described as Austrosciara pedibusa sp. n., based on female specimens, is typically characterized by a deep sensory pit on the basal segment of the palpus. The female of a third species, listed as Austrosciara sp., is illustrated as well.
Redescription and designation of a neotype for Ophiothrix angulata (Say, 1825 (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea: Ophiotrichidae)
Authors: SANTANA ALISSON , MANSO CYNTHIA L.C. , ALMEIDA ANA C.S. , ALVES ORANE F.S.
Published: November 2017

Ophiotrichidae Ljungman, 1867 comprises brittle stars diagnosed by the absence of oral papillae and presence of a cluster of dental papillae covering at least half the height of the dental plate. Ophiothrix Müller & Troschel, 1840 is the largest genus in the family and is composed of many species with a highly variable morphology. Ophiothrix angulata is one species with descriptions showing morphological variation in many of the diagnostic characters stated by Say (1825) in the original description. Say’s (1825) type material and specimens studied by him could be located. Thus, in order to elucidate the taxonomic identity of O. angulata and following Article 75 of the International Code for Zoological Nomenclature, here we propose the neotype designation of O. angulata based on topotype specimens from South Carolina, United States. A discussion of the records of O. angulata from the Atlantic Ocean is included. Taxonomic comments on the genus Ophiothrix are also provided.
Ressurrection of Curimatus albula Lütken (Characiformes: Curimatidae), a senior synonym of Cyphocharax lundi Dutra, Penido, Mello & Pessali
Authors: DUTRA GUILHERME MOREIRA , PENIDO IAGO DE SOUZA , PESSALI TIAGO CASARIM , NETTO-FERREIRA ANDRE LUIZ
Published: November 2017

Curimatus albula Lütken 1874 was described from the Ribeirão da Mata at Lagoa Santa, a tributary of Rio das Velhas, Rio São Francisco basin. The species validity was questioned by Lütken (1875) himself, who suggested that the species could be a synonym of Curimatus gilbert Quoy & Gaimard, a species described from the Rio Macacu, a coastal river tributary of Guanabara bay, Rio de Janeiro. That synonymy was only formally proposed by Eigenmann (1910), and followed by most subsequent authors (e. g. Nielsen, 1974; Vari, 1992), except for Fowler (1975), who erroneously listed C. albula as the senior synonym of C. gilbert. Vari (1989) posteriorly removed both nominal species from Curimatus Oken (= Curimata Bosch) reallocating them in Cyphocharax Fowler, based on the lack of synapomorphic conditions present in other valid curimatid genera. Vari (1989) considered that those nominal species belonged to a major group within Cyphocharax also including C. grandocule Fernández-Yépez, C. modestus Fernández-Yépez, C. santacatarinae Fernández-Yépez, and C. voga Hensel, based on the presence of a rhomboidal caudal pigmentation and “random body spotting”. Later, Vari (1992) included C. grandocule along with C. albula in the synonymy of C. gilbert, and listed several characters allowing further distinction of that species from the remaining species of the group (i.e., number of vertebrae, scales in transverse series, and pigmentation characters). Among the characters involving the pigmentation pattern, Vari (1992) stressed the lack of randomly arranged dark spots on the lateral and dorsolateral surfaces of the body in C. gilbert (versus present in C. voga).
A Statistical Study of Unusual Tracks of Tropical Cyclones near Taiwan Island
Authors: Gong Yueting , Li Ying , Zhang Da-Lin
Published: November 2017

Tropical cyclones (TCs) tend to change translation direction and speed when moving across Taiwan’s Central Mountain Range (CMR), which makes forecasting of landfalling points a challenging task. This study examines the statistical characteristics of unusual TC tracks around Taiwan Island during the 66-yr period of 1949–2014. Results show that 1) about 10% more TCs were deflected to the right than to the left as they moved across the CMR, but with more occurrences of the latter on Taiwan’s eastern coast and southern strait; 2) TCs around Taiwan Island moved slower than the average speed over the western North Pacific Ocean but then exhibited anomalous acceleration along Taiwan’s eastern coast and anomalous deceleration over the southern Taiwan Strait; 3) about 33% of TCs passing the island were accompanied by terrain-induced secondary low pressure centers (SCs), more favored in the northwestern, southwestern, and southeastern quadrants, with the TC–SC separation distance varying from 33 to 643 km; 4) about 36% of landfalling TCs experienced discontinuous tracks, with an average separation distance of 141 km at the time when TC centers were replaced by SCs, and smaller Froude numbers than those associated with continuous-tracking TCs; and 5) a total of 12 TCs had looping movements near Taiwan Island, most of which were accompanied by SCs on their southern or western sides. Results also indicate that a stronger SC was likely to take place when a stronger TC approached the CMR with a shorter separation distance and that a weaker SC was likely to take place when a weaker TC approached the CMR with a longer separation distance.
ENSO Effects on Annual Variations of Summer Precipitation Stable Isotopes in Lhasa, Southern Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Gao Jing , He You , Masson-Delmotte Valerie , Yao Tandong
Published: November 2017

Although El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) influences the Indian summer monsoon, its impact on moisture transport toward the southern Tibetan Plateau (TP) remains poorly understood. Precipitation stable isotopes are useful indices for climate change in the TP. Classical interpretations of variations of precipitation stable isotopes focus on the local surface air temperature or precipitation amount. However, several of the latest studies suggested they may correlate with large-scale modes of variability, such as ENSO. This paper presents a detailed study of ENSO’s effect on annual variations of the oxygen stable isotopic composition of precipitation (δ18Op) at Lhasa in the southern TP for up to 10 years. The stable isotopic composition of water vapor from satellite data [Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer (TES)] and simulations from an isotopically enabled atmospheric general circulation model (zoomed LMDZiso) are used to explore the mechanism that leads to variations of δ18Op at Lhasa. Statistically significant correlations between δ18Op and ENSO indices [Southern Oscillation index (SOI) and Niño-3.4 sea surface temperature index (Niño-3.4)] are observed. This paper shows that ENSO’s effects on the location and intensity of convection over the Arabian Sea, the Bay of Bengal, and the tropical Indian Ocean, along moisture transport paths toward Lhasa, further impact convection from the northern Tibetan Plateau. The changing of this convection results in lower δ18Op at Lhasa in 2007, a La Niña year, and higher δ18Op in 2006, an El Niño year. The study presented here confirms that the regional upstream convection related to ENSO teleconnections plays an important role in variations of δ18Op at the interannual scale and that the more depleted oxygen stable isotopic composition of vapor (δ18Oυ) from the northwestern region of India during a La Niña year intensifies the lower δ18Op at Lhasa in a La Niña year. The study’s results have implications for the interpretation of past variations of archives with precipitation stable isotopes, such as ice cores, tree rings, lake sediments, and speleothems, in this region.
Lack of Westerly Wind Bursts in Unmaterialized El Niño Years
Authors: Seiki Ayako , Takayabu Yukari N. , Hasegawa Takuya , Yoneyama Kunio
Published: November 2017

The lack of westerly wind bursts (WWBs) when atmospheric intraseasonal variability (ISV) events occur from boreal spring to autumn is investigated by comparing two types of El Niño years with unmaterialized El Niño (UEN) years. Although high ocean heat content buildup and several ISV events propagating eastward are observed in all three types of years, few WWBs accompany these in the UEN years. The eddy kinetic energy budget analysis based on ISV shows that mean westerly winds in the lower troposphere facilitate the development of eddy disturbances, including WWBs, through convergence and meridional shear of zonal winds. In the UEN years, these westerly winds are retracted westward and do not reach the equatorial central Pacific mainly as a result of interannual components. In addition, positive sea surface temperature anomalies in the western Pacific, which are conducive to active convection, spread widely in a meridional direction centered on 15°N. Both westward-retracted mean westerlies and off-equatorial warming enhance off-equatorial eddies, which result in a reduction in equatorial eddies such as WWBs. The characteristics of the UEN years are significantly different from those observed during the eastern Pacific El Niño (EP-EN) years, which are characterized by anomalous cooling (warming) and suppressed (enhanced) convective eddies in the off-equatorial (equatorial) western Pacific. The central Pacific El Niño years show mixed features during both EP-EN and UEN years. Different background states not only in the equatorial region but also in the off-equatorial region can be a reason for the lack of WWBs in the UEN years.
On the Emergent Constraints of Climate Sensitivity
Authors: Qu Xin , Hall Alex , DeAngelis Anthony M. , Zelinka Mark D. , Klein Stephen A. , Su Hui , Tian Baijun , Zhai Chengxing
Published: November 2017

Differences among climate models in equilibrium climate sensitivity (ECS; the equilibrium surface temperature response to a doubling of atmospheric CO2) remain a significant barrier to the accurate assessment of societally important impacts of climate change. Relationships between ECS and observable metrics of the current climate in model ensembles, so-called emergent constraints, have been used to constrain ECS. Here a statistical method (including a backward selection process) is employed to achieve a better statistical understanding of the connections between four recently proposed emergent constraint metrics and individual feedbacks influencing ECS. The relationship between each metric and ECS is largely attributable to a statistical connection with shortwave low cloud feedback, the leading cause of intermodel ECS spread. This result bolsters confidence in some of the metrics, which had assumed such a connection in the first place. Additional analysis is conducted with a few thousand artificial metrics that are randomly generated but are well correlated with ECS. The relationships between the contrived metrics and ECS can also be linked statistically to shortwave cloud feedback. Thus, any proposed or forthcoming ECS constraint based on the current generation of climate models should be viewed as a potential constraint on shortwave cloud feedback, and physical links with that feedback should be investigated to verify that the constraint is real. In addition, any proposed ECS constraint should not be taken at face value since other factors influencing ECS besides shortwave cloud feedback could be systematically biased in the models.
The Relationship of Acculturation to Historical Loss Awareness, Institutional Betrayal, and the Intergenerational Transmission of Trauma in the American Indian Experience
Authors: Cromer Lisa DeMarni , Gray Mary E. , Vasquez Ludivina , Freyd Jennifer J.
Published: November 2017

The terms historical trauma and intergenerational transmission of trauma have been used interchangeably in the literature, yet may be theoretically distinct. The confusion in nomenclature may mask different underlying mechanisms for understanding trauma. The current study applies institutional betrayal trauma theory as a means for understanding awareness of historical losses and examines the intergenerational transmission of trauma through family systems. In a diverse sample ( N = 59) of American Indians, we find support for the idea that institutional betrayal may be at the heart of historical loss awareness. The more participants in the current study were acculturated, or identified with White culture, the less they were aware of historical losses. For the entire sample, regardless of acculturation, we found that family history of boarding school experiences, having parents and grandparents who lived in boarding schools, predicted interpersonal childhood trauma but not noninterpersonal childhood trauma.
Maslow’s Unacknowledged Contributions to Developmental Psychology
Authors: Bland Andrew M. , DeRobertis Eugene M.
Published: November 2017

Few readily identify Maslow as a developmental psychologist. On the other hand, Maslow’s call for holistic/systemic, phenomenological, and dynamic/relational developmental perspectives in psychology (all being alternatives to the limitations of the dominant natural science paradigm) anticipated what emerged both as and in the subdiscipline of developmental psychology. In this article, we propose that Maslow’s dynamic systems approach to healthy human development served as a forerunner for classic and contemporary theory and research on parallel constructs in developmental psychology that provide empirical support for his ideas—particularly those affiliated with characteristics of psychological health (i.e., self-actualization) and the conditions that promote or inhibit it. We also explore Maslow’s adaptation of Goldstein’s concept of self-actualization, in which he simultaneously: (a) explicated a theory of safety versus growth that accounts for the two-steps-forward-one-step-back contiguous dynamic that realistically characterizes the ongoing processes of being-in-becoming and psychological integration in human development/maturity and (b) emphasized being-in-the-world-with-others with the intent of facilitating the development of an ideal society by promoting protective factors that illustrate Maslow’s safety, belonging, and esteem needs. Finally, we dialogue with the extant literature to clarify common misgivings about Maslow’s ideas.
Mixed Frames and Risky Decision-Making
Authors: Peng Jiaxi , Zhang Jiaxi , Sun Hao , Zeng Zhicong , Mai Yuexia , Miao Danmin
Published: November 2017

By applying unitive vocabulary, “die” or “save,” to respective frames of the Asian disease problem, Tversky and Kahneman were able to define framing effect. In this study, we preliminarily explored the effect of mixed frames, which are characterized by the use of different vocabulary in one frame. In study 1, we found that only the sure option description had significant effect on decision-making, while the effects of risky option descriptions were not significant, nor were interactions between descriptions. In study 2, the results suggested that after controlling the effects of the hedonic tone of the sure options, risky option description did not significantly predict decision-making. In study 3, we found that neither the sure-to-risky option presentation order nor presentation order within risky options had significant effect on decision-making. We thus concluded that sure option description can serve as the decision-making foundation (reference point) for decision-makers in mixed frames.
The “Enigma of Biopolitics”: Antiblackness, Modernity, and Roberto Esposito’s Biopolitics
Authors: McMahon John
Published: November 2017

What would it mean to take antiblackness seriously in theories of biopolitics? How would our understanding of biopolitics change if antiblack racialization and slavery were understood as the paradigmatic expression of biopolitical violence? This essay thinks through the significance of black studies scholarship for disentangling biopolitics’ paradoxes and dilemmas. I argue that only by situating antiblackness as constitutive of modernity and of modern biopolitics can we begin to meet the theoretical and political challenges posed by biopolitics. While Roberto Esposito formulates some of the most important questions about biopolitics, his responses will always be insufficient insofar as he engages in no discussion of blackness, antiblackness, slavery, white supremacy, or the role of sociopolitical processes of racialization, violence, and domination. I move from a critique of Esposito to explore the modernity-making processes of the imbrication of antiblackness and biopolitics. To do so, I analyze the biopolitics of birth and of flesh, and interrogate the (im)possibility of an affirmative biopolitics. Ultimately, the essay argues that theories of biopolitics can be genuinely critical only to the extent that they center antiblackness.
Power or concerns: Contrasting perspectives on missionary conflict
Authors: Dunaetz David R. , Greenham Ant
Published: November 2017

Among the consequences of conflicts between missionaries are a reduction in ministry effectiveness and an increase in the likelihood of missionary attrition. In contrast to perspectives of conflict management in Christian contexts which tend to focus on power (condemning the other party as sinful, enforcing submission to the hierarchical superior, or separation of the conflicting parties), the dual concern model of conflict management views conflict as an opportunity to understand each party’s concerns so that the two parties may cooperate and find solutions that correspond to the interests of both parties (Phil. 2:4). The dual concern model also predicts conflict behaviors (i.e., forcing, submission, or avoidance) when the interests of both parties are not considered. A qualitative analysis of data collected from present and former missionaries describing power issues (N = 34) indicates that the dual concern model of conflict management can be used to predict conflict behaviors and outcomes, even when conflicts are initially framed in terms of power. Recommendations for increasing cooperation between missionaries include better training in conflict management, the creation of mediation systems, and the development of an organizational culture that promotes cooperation.
Robust H∞ deconvolution filter for polytopic uncertain systems with distributed delay
Authors: Xia Weifeng , Xu Shengyuan
Published: November 2017

This paper is concerned with the robust H∞ deconvolution filtering problem for polytopic uncertain systems with distributed delay. The objective is to design a full-order deconvolution filter such that the filtering error system is not only asymptotically stable, but also satisfies a prescribed H∞ performance level for all uncertainties. Based on employing the parameter-dependent Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional method, a sufficient condition is proposed for solvability of this problem in terms of linear matrix inequalities. In order to reduce the conservatism, two approaches, namely, the integral partitioning approach, and the homogeneous polynomial parameter-dependent matrix approach, are applied. Finally, two numerical simulations are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed methods in this paper.
Realistic love: Contemporary college women’s negotiations of princess culture and the “reality” of romantic relationships
Authors: Koontz Amanda , Norman Lauren , Okorie Sarah
Published: November 2017

This manuscript examines the ways collegiate women perceive media portrayals of princess cultural scripts and how this impacts their constructions of romantic relationships. Drawing on 30 in-depth interviews with college-aged women, we explore how these women negotiated media portrayals of romantic love by (1) distancing from images they defined as unrealistic expectations and (2) selectively embracing media portrayals as revealing intimate relational ideals. We argue that their selective accounting for how they developed their definitions of “realities” of love exposes tensions in concurrently hegemonic conceptions of love: idealist (fantastical and emotional love) and realist (rational and practical love) needed to sustain long-term relationships. We suggest that these negotiations reveal an association of idealist love with youth and realist love with maturity, reflecting an ongoing privileging of realist love. We conclude by considering interconnections between late capitalistic ideologies and maturation.
Green’s function–based surrogate model for windfields using limited samples
Authors: Marshall Joshua Paul , Richardson Joseph David , Montalvo Carlos Jose
Published: November 2017

There exists many applications for which wind-velocity is desired over a three-dimensional space. The vector field associated with these wind velocities is known as a “windfield” or “velocity-windfield.” The present work provides a fast method to characterize windfields. The approach uses the free-space Green’s function for potential theory as an inexpensive surrogate model in lieu of either complicated physics-based models or other types of surrogate models, both of which require volumetric discretizations for the three-dimensional case. Using the gradient of the third Green’s identity, the wind-velocity in the interior of a domain is entirely characterized by a surface discretization while still providing a three-dimensional model. The unknown densities on the surface are determined from enforcement of the interior form of the identity at arbitrary points coinciding with wind measurements taken by unmanned aerial vehicles. Numerical results support the feasibility of the method.